Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Syndecan-1 Expression Is Associated with Tumor Size and EGFR Expression in Colorectal Carcinoma: A Clinicopathological Study of 230 Cases

Background: Syndecan-1 (SDC1) is reported to modulate several key processes of tumorigenesis and has variable expression in many cancers. To date, the cause of altered expression has not been elucidated. In this study, we compared SDC1 expression with various clinicopathological parameters and molecular markers to evaluate its clinical significance in colorectal carcinoma. Methods: We screened for SDC1 expression using immunohistochemistry in 230 surgical specimens of primary colorectal carcinoma from patients consecutively treated between 2008 and 2011 at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea. The relationship between SDC1 expression and various clinicopathological parameters and molecular markers was analyzed. Results: The tumors were principally located in the left colon (71.3%) and rectum (33.5%). There were 216 (93.9%) adenocarcinomas, 10 (4.3%) mucinous adenocarcinomas, and 4 other tumors. Most of the carcinomas were pT3 (68.3%) and pT4 (22.2%). There was regional lymph node metastasis in 140 patients. SDC1 expression was identified in the cancer cells of 212 (96.8%) colon cancer cases. Of the SDC1-positive cases, 131 showed predominantly membranous immunopositivity, and 81 showed a predominantly cytoplasmic staining pattern. Mixed membranous and cytoplasmic staining was observed in 154 cases. In 93 cases, stromal SDC1 reactivity was noted. Epithelial SDC1 immunopositivity was significantly associated with tumor size (p = 0.016) and epidermal growth factor receptor expression (p = 0.006). However, it was not significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, lymphatic or vascular invasion, or KRAS mutation. In addition, stromal SDC1 immunopositivity was significantly associated with the male sex (p = 0.018). Conclusions: The expression profile of SDC1 may be of clinical value in colorectal cancer and may help in identifying aggressive forms of colorectal carcinoma. Further studies are needed in order to better understand the role of SDC1 in the progression and invasiveness of colorectal carcinoma.
Mechanisms of HP1-mediated gene silencing in Drosophila

Heterochromatin Protein 1 (HP1) is a structural component of silent chromatin at telomeres and centromeres. Euchromatic genes repositioned near heterochromatin by chromosomal rearrangements are typically silenced in an HP1-dependent manner. Silencing is thought to involve the spreading of heterochromatin proteins over the rearranged genes. HP1 associates with centric heterochromatin through an interaction with methylated lysine 9 of histone H3, a modification generated by SU(VAR)3-9. The current model for spreading of silent chromatin involves HP1-dependent recruitment of SU(VAR)3-9, resulting in the methylation of adjacent nucleosomes and association of HP1 along the chromatin fiber. To address mechanisms of silent chromatin formation and spreading, HP1 was fused to the DNA-binding domain of the E. coli lacI repressor and expressed in Drosophila melanogaster stocks carrying heat shock reporter genes positioned 1.9 and 3.7 kb downstream of lac operator repeats. Association of lacI-HP1 with the repeats resulted in silencing of both reporter genes and correlated with a closed chromatin structure consisting of regularly spaced nucleosomes, similar to that observed in centric heterochromatin. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that HP1 spread bi-directionally from the tethering site and associated with the silenced reporter transgenes. To examine mechanisms of spreading, the effects of a mutation in Su(var)3-9 were investigated. Silencing was minimally affected at 1.9 kb, but eliminated at 3.7 kb, suggesting that HP1-mediated silencing can operate in a SU(VAR)3-9-independent and -dependent manner.
Régulations cognitives et sociales dans les concertations agri-environnementales : effets des contextes sociaux et des supports de discussion sur l'évolution des connaissances descriptives et évaluatives des bordures de champs agricoles

We focus on the social processes (group decision making) that construct an emergent attitude about field margins, in France western countryside. Negotiation theories are used to understand what occurs in three agri-environmental meetings. Descriptive and evaluative knowledge about field margins seems to be inaccurate, and agreements are partial or uncertain. Using a modified form of group polarization paradigm, our study examined the social and cognitive conditions under which environmental values tend to become more extreme. Intra-groups and inter-groups social contexts are organized with agricultural and environmental students. Discussion issues about fields margins are supported by descriptive items, evaluative items or photographs, that bring informational or normative influence. Attitudinal shifts are affected both by the type of group composition and the discussion supports. In inter-group context, agricultural interests are generally privileged.
The Association of Autism Spectrum Disorders and Symptoms of Asthma, Allergic Rhinoconjunctivitis and Eczema among Japanese Children Aged 3 - 6 Years

There is insufficient epidemiological evidence on the relationship between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and allergic diseases. We performed a cross-sectional survey to elucidate the associations between them using validated screening tools. The participants were children aged 3 - 6 years attending kindergarten or nursery school in Shika Town, Japan (n = 417; valid response rate = 80.4%). Autism spectrum features were scored on the Social Communication Questionnaire (SCQ). Allergic symptoms (asthma, allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and eczema) were determined according to the criteria of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood. A total of 15 children (4.5%) had an SCQ score of 11 points or higher. The prevalence of symptoms was 14.7% for asthma, and 5.3% for allergic rhinoconjunctivitis, and 11.4% for eczema. Logistic regression indicated that symptoms of eczema were significantly associated with SCQ scores of 11 points or higher [odds ratio (OR), 4.38; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.41 - 13.59]. The association persisted after adjustment for age, sex, and BMI (OR, 3.84; 95% CI, 1.20 - 12.24). Moreover, asthmatic symptoms were significantly associated with male sex (OR, 2.09; 95% CI, 1.12 - 3.92) and overweight status (OR, 2.45; 95% CI, 1.03 - 5.83). This suggests that higher SCQ scores, which imply more autism spectrum features, are associated with higher prevalence of eczema symptoms. While no causal relationships can be made, ASD might be associated with eczema.
What about the “Self” is Processed in the Posterior Cingulate Cortex?

In the past decade, neuroimaging research has begun to identify key brain regions involved in self-referential processing, most consistently midline structures such as the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC). The majority of studies have employed cognitive tasks such as judgment about trait adjectives or mind wandering, that have been associated with increased PCC activity. Conversely, tasks that share an element of present-centered attention (being “on task”), ranging from working memory to meditation, have been associated with decreased PCC activity. Given the complexity of cognitive processes that likely contribute to these tasks, the specific contribution of the PCC to self-related processes still remains unknown. Building on this prior literature, recent studies have employed sampling methods that more precisely link subjective experience to brain activity, such as real-time fMRI neurofeedback. This recent work suggests that PCC activity may represent a sub-component cognitive process of self-reference – “getting caught up in” one’s experience. For example, getting caught up in a drug craving or a particular viewpoint. In this paper, we will review evidence across a number of different domains of cognitive neuroscience that converges in activation and deactivation of the PCC including recent neurophenomenological studies of PCC activity using real-time fMRI neurofeedback.
Validation of the Memory Attention Concentration Evaluation

Psychological professionals recommend following a number of steps to examine a client’s claim of malingering, including the use of standardized measures (Binder, 2002). Psychometric testing is available to assist with the evaluation for malingering. The Portland Digit Recognition Test (PDRT; Binder & Willis, 1991) has been found to be a valid measure of a client’s motivation to perform inadequately on memory evaluations and thus, detects clients attempting to memory malinger. The PDRT takes approximately 45 minutes to administer. A shortened computer version of the PDRT is the Memory Attention Concentration Evaluation (MACE) which was created to cut down on administration time (Smiley, 2000). Another memory malingering test is the Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM; Tombaugh, 1996). This measure is designed specifically to catch those who are attempting to memory malinger. The Minnesota Mulitphasic Personality Inventory-2 is a widely used test with validity scales designed to monitor the motivation and truthfulness of a test taker (Butcher, Dahlstrom, Graham, Tellegen & Kaemmer, 1989). The present study focuses on further validating the MACE, by both correlating and comparing the hit rates of the MACE to the specific validity measures of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 and the TOMM. The results revealed a strong correlation between the MACE and the TOMM, and a moderate negative correlation between the MACE and the MMPI-2 validity scales. A multiple regression with all variables entered, the F-K and K scales were the only strong predictors of the F scale; however, when just the two TOMM Trials and the MACE were entered only the MACE best predicted the F scale. Chi square analysis revealed varying degrees of sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and hit rates. The various results are discussed.
The Dynamic Body Image and the Moving Body: A Theoretical and Empirical Investigation

The study of the psychological experience of the personal body in the discipline of psychology, through the concept referred to as the body image, has its roots in neurology and psychoanalysis. This thesis begins with a review of body image research across three disciplines: neuroscience, psychoanalysis and psychology. The literature review places the work titled 'The image and appearance of the human body' by neurologist and psychoanalyst Paul Schilder (1935/1978) at the intersection of these three disciplines. Schilder's text described the organization of the body image as a dynamic and tri-dimensional structuralization. Since the midtwentieth century, psychological research has taken special interest in the body image as a topic for study. However, the paradigm guiding that research enterprise has transformed the holistic quality of Schilder's work, identified its organization as antiquated and often unsuitable for empirical research. This thesis argues that Schilder's theory is as relevant today as ever, and that psychology would benefit greatly from a re-consideration of its relevance to empirical study. To demonstrate the potential of Schilder's theory, the present study conducted 15 semi-structured interviews with women participating in three styles of movement and performance: contemporary dance, Middle-eastern dance (or belly dance) and aerobics (instructors). The investigation considered core propositions described by Schilder with respect to the role of movement and the body image, to explore structuralization from the point of view of procedural movement. The study sought also to examine the extent to which the findings might serve the development of theory on the body image. The findings established a priori and a posteriori themes, and these served to demonstrate how Schilder's theory provides a sound framework for empirical inquiry in psychology. The implications of the present study highlight the explanatory power of that theory, especially the way it illuminates a new perspective from which a fuller understanding of the role of the body image might be gleaned. Finally, the implications highlight the importance of the actual presence of the physical body in the construction of the body image, particularly the kinesthetic perceptual system, and underline the importance of re-visiting Schilder's theory in order to open up new opportunities for interdisciplinary research.
Tire-road forces estimation using extended Kalman filter and sideslip angle evaluation

Main task in driving safety is the understanding and prevention of risky situations. While looking closer at the accidents data analysis, it appears that vehicle loss of control represents a huge part of car accidents. Preventing such kind of accidents, using assistance systems needs several type of information about vehicle state and vehicle-road interaction phenomenon. Longitudinal velocity, acceleration and yaw rate are easily measured using low cost sensors that are actually mounted in standard on a large part of vehicles. However, other parameters, which have a major impact on vehicle dynamics, are more difficult to measure using vehicle industry technology sensors. These are for example the used friction coefficient and the sideslip angle. Using an appropriate vehicle model and available measurements, the vehicle state as well as the road/tire interaction forces are reconstructed by implementing an extended Kalman filter. Thereafter, we evaluate the used friction coefficient and the sideslip angle estimates. Simulation and estimation results are then compared to real measurements collected by an equipped test vehicle on Satory test track.
Representation of Head-Centric Flow in the Human Motion Complex

Recent neuroimaging studies have identified putative homologs of macaque middle temporal area (area MT) and medial superior temporal area (area MST) in humans. Little is known about the integration of visual and nonvisual signals in human motion areas compared with monkeys. Through extra-retinal signals, the brain can factor out the components of visual flow on the retina that are induced by eye-in-head and head-in-space rotations and achieve a representation of flow relative to the head (head-centric flow) or body (body-centric flow). Here, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging to test whether extra-retinal eye-movement signals modulate responses to visual flow in the human MT+ complex. We distinguished between MT and MST and tested whether subdivisions of these areas may transform the retinal flow into head-centric flow. We report that interactions between eye-movement signals and visual flow are not evenly distributed across MT+. Pursuit hardly influenced the response of MT to flow, whereas the responses in MST to the same retinal stimuli were stronger during pursuit than during fixation. We also identified two subregions in which the flow-related responses were boosted significantly by pursuit, one overlapping part of MST. In addition, we found evidence of a metric relation between rotational flow relative to the head and fMRI signals in a subregion of MST. The latter findings provide an important advance over published single-cell recordings in monkey MST. A visual representation of the rotation of the head in the world derived from head-centric flow may supplement semicircular canals signals and is appropriate for cross-calibrating vestibular and visual signals.
Semantic Video Segmentation by Gated Recurrent Flow Propagation

Semantic video segmentation is challenging due to the sheer amount of data that needs to be processed and labeled in order to construct accurate models. In this paper we present a deep, end-to-end trainable methodology for video segmentation that is capable of leveraging the information present in unlabeled data, besides sparsely labeled frames, in order to improve semantic estimates. Our model combines a convolutional architecture and a spatiotemporal transformer recurrent layer that is able to temporally propagate labeling information by means of optical flow, adaptively gated based on its locally estimated uncertainty. The flow, the recognition and the gated temporal propagation modules can be trained jointly, end-to-end. The temporal, gated recurrent flow propagation component of our model can be plugged into any static semantic segmentation architecture and turn it into a weakly supervised video processing one. Our experiments in the challenging CityScapes and Camvid datasets, and for multiple deep architectures, indicate that the resulting model can leverage unlabeled temporal frames, next to a labeled one, in order to improve both the video segmentation accuracy and the consistency of its temporal labeling, at no additional annotation cost and with little extra computation.
A Classroom-Home Library: Supporting the Emergent Literacy Development of Preschool Children through Parental Involvement.

A practicum was designed for parents to acquire the understanding, skills, resources, materials, and wherewithal to supil-nrt the emergent literacy development of their young (preschool) children. A "Home-School Library" was established for students to have developmentally appropriate books available for parents to read to their children at home daily. Literacy workshops were conducted demonstrating activities and the importance of parents upon the emergent literacy development of their young children. Parent-child activities involving literacy were held in the classroom to enhance parental involvement. Written and oral surveys of the students (about 20) and their parents were conducted to determine the literacy nen-is of both groups. Results indicate that parents did not have the wherew.thal to support the emergent literacy development of their young children. Analysis of data after the implementation had been completed revealed that: (1) parents had a variety of books available to read to their children daily; (2) the number of parents reading books to their children daily increased; (3) the number of parents participating in parent-child activities in school had increased; and (4) the number of parents indicating that they felt "more confident" reading to their children increased. (Contains 39 references and one table of data. Appendixes presents survey instruments, parent comment: sheets, bookmarks, and the texts of a story and a song.) (Author/RS) *************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** A Classroom-Home Library: Supporting the Emergent Literacy Development of Preschool Children Through Parental Involvement
The effect of Momordica charantia and Mucuna pruriens in experimental diabetes and their effect on key metabolic enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism

The Indian traditional system of medicine prescribed traditional plant therapies. Two such plants, i.e. Momordica charantia (MC) and Mucuna pruriens (MP), earlier shown to reduce hyperglycaemia, were assessed for their anti hyperglycaemic effect on varying degrees of hyperglycaemia and diabetic complications. Alcohol and aqueous extracts of MC (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day) and only an alcohol extract of MP (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg/day) were evaluated in a pilot study (plasma glucose >180 mg/dL, 21 days), a chronic study in alloxanized rats (plasma glucose >280 mg/dL, 120 days) and streptozotocin (STZ) mice (plasma glucose >400 mg/dL, 60 days). In the pilot study, the maximum antihyperglycaemic effect occurred with an aqueous extract of MC at week 3 and an alcohol extract of MP at week 6 at a dose of 200 mg/kg/day. In chronic alloxanized rats, the selected dose of MC led to a significant fall of 64.33%, 66.96%, 69.7% and 70.53% in plasma glucose levels at 1, 2, 3 and 4 months, respectively. MP showed a decrease of 40.71%, 45.63%, 50.33% and 51.01% at the same time period. In chronic STZ diabetic mice, MC led to a mean reduction of 15.37%, 18.68% and 22.86% in plasma glucose levels on days 40, 50 and 60 of sampling while MP had no significant effect. The alteration in hepatic and skeletal muscle glycogen content and hepatic glucokinase, hexokinase, glucose‐6‐phosphate and phosphofructokinase levels in diabetic mice were partially restored by MC but not by MP. The mechanism of action of MC and MP is discussed. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-binding proteins and IGF bioactivity in Laron-type dwarfism.

Laron-type dwarfism (LTD) is caused by a variable defect in the GH receptor gene and is, therefore, an ideal model to study the physiology of the insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and their binding proteins (IGFBPs) in the complete absence of GH action. In this study we examined the overnight variation of the IGFs, IGFBPs, and IGF bioactivity in two prepubertal subjects with LTD. Subject 1 was a 14-yr-old female, 103 cm tall (-8.3 SD), and subject 2 was a 11.5-yr-old male, 103.6 cm tall (-5.9 SD). Both had serum IGF-I levels below 0.07 U/mL and low constant serum IGF-II levels overnight (185 +/- 10 and 232 +/- 8 micrograms/L), despite high serum GH levels [mean GH, 65 (32.5 micrograms/L) and 53 mU/L (26.5 micrograms/L)]. Serum IGFBP-1 levels increased overnight (from 24 and 22 micrograms/L at 2000 h to 83 and 110 micrograms/L at 0800 h) as serum insulin levels fell [from 19 (136 pmol/L) and 17 mU/L (122 pmol/L) at 2000 h to less than 2 (less than 14 pmol/L) and 5 mU/L (36 pmol/L) at 0800 h] in subjects 1 and 2, respectively. Serum IGFBP-2 levels remained constant overnight, as assessed on Western Ligand blotting and, despite the changes in IGFBP-1, remained the most prominent IGFBP throughout. On size separation, most of the IGF-II (greater than 60%) eluted with IGFBP-2 and the other low mol wt IGFBPs. Serum IGFBP-3 levels were reduced, and IGFBP-3 was not the major IGF carrier in LTD serum, in contrast to normal serum. An IGFBP-3-specific protease that was heat sensitive and cation dependent was identified as the cause of an apparent overnight rise of serum IGFBP-3 levels. No IGFBP-3 variation and no proteolytic activity was seen in normal serum or rapidly separated LTD plasma. Serum IGF bioactivity, measured in a porcine cartilage bioassay, was 0.18 and 0.55 U/mL in subjects 1 and 2; differences in bioactivity between subjects did not relate to serum IGF-II levels, but, rather, to differences in IGFBP-3 levels. Serum IGF bioactivity was not constant overnight and varied in a similar fashion in both subjects 1 and 2, with reduction in bioactivity between 0600-0800 h by 55% and 32%, suggesting the presence of inhibitory factors in the LTD serum; this decrease coincided with the rise in serum IGFBP-1 levels. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Power, Identity, and Mathematical Practices Outside and Inside School

This article explores how issues of power and identity play out in mathematical practices and offers a perspective on how we might better understand the sociopolitical nature of teaching and learning mathematics. We present data from studies of mathematics teaching and learning in out-of-school settings, offering a sociocultural, then a sociopolitical analysis (attending to race, identity, and power), noting the value of the latter. In doing so, we develop a set of theoretical tools that move us from the sociocultural to the sociopolitical in studies of mathematics teaching and learning.