Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KELAPA SAWIT (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) DENGAN KOMPOSISI MEDIA TANAM DAN INTERVAL PENYIRAMAN YANG BERBEDA

Abstract Plant media is crucial factor in supporting the growth of oil palm seedling. Availability of nutrient and water within the plant media must become primary concern when providing growing media for the oil palm seedling. Suficient available water within the media can be obtained by adding organic compose and this effort is expected to increase the soil water holding capacity. This research was aimed to study the best plant media composition and watering interval giving the most positive impact to the growth of oil palm seedling. The experiment was conducted from April 2017 to August 2017 at the Experiment Station Ciparanje, Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, Sumedang Regency, West Java. The experiment used Randomized Block Design that arranged in factorial patterns with two factors. The first factor consisted of four levels of plant media composition namely plant media topsoil, subsoil:compost (1:1), subsoil:compost (1: 2), subsoil : compost (1: 3). The second fact or consisted of 3 levels of watering interval namely everyday, once in two days, and once in three days. The results of experiment showed that subsoil can be made as an alternative plant media for oil palm seedling by adding compost with certain comparison accompanied by proper interval watering. The composition of plant media subsoil and compost (1:3) accompanied by watering once in 2 days produce the best growth of oil palm seedling especially its influence toward the plant heigh, diameter of trunk and dry weight of the shoot. The provision of compost in a subsoil plant media reduced the provision of water by 50%.
Relating surface and bed properties of Antarctic ice streams

Theoretical models predict that fast-flowing ice streams transmit information about their bedrock topography most efficiently to the surface for two distinct windows of length-scales. Previous studies have shown a good transfer for basal undulations with wavelengths longer than 10 ice thicknesses. In addition, a local maximum in the theoretical transfer function appears for intermediate wavelengths between 1 and 20 ice thicknesses. So far, however, no experimental evidence for this important transfer at intermediate wavelengths has been obtained. In our work we use recently acquired radar data for the Rutford Ice Stream and Evans Ice Stream to provide the first experimental confirmation for this theoretical prediction, and show that fast-flowing ice is highly transparent to bedrock irregularities with wavelengths between 1 and 20 ice thicknesses. The amplitude of this local maximum depends on various flow parameters such as Glen’s flow law exponent and the slip ratio, i.e., the ratio between mean basal sliding velocity and mean deformational velocity. We find that higher values of the slip ratio generally lead to a more efficient transfer. Our results underline the importance of bedrock topography for ice stream dynamics, and exclude basal slipperiness as the only determining factor for variations in the flow regime and surface topography. In the second part of this work, we address the role of the basal sliding law in statistical inversion methods that use surface data (topography and velocity) to obtain information about the basal slipperiness distribution
Lowest Stability Boundary on Flow of Concentric Rotating Cylinders

In this study, we numerically investigate the lowest instability boundary of nonaxisymmetric Taylor vortex flow (TVF) for different axial wavenumbers. The variation in the axial wavenumber of a supercritical TVF can affect the instability of the flow, because the wavelength of a Taylor vortex is constant only when the flow is axisymmetrical. When the nonaxisymmetric TVF is transformed to a wavy vortex flow (WVF), the instability boundary is changed with the variation in the axial wavenumber. We carry out an instability analysis of the nonaxisymmetric TVF between two concentric rotating cylinders, which have a radius ratio of 0.88.
Heuristics for a Distributed Parallel Machine Assembly Scheduling Problem with eligibility constraints

In this paper we study a production scheduling problem with production and assembly stages. There is a set of distributed identical factories, each one with a set of unrelated parallel machines at the production stage and a single assembly machine in the assembly stage. Jobs have to be assigned to one of the distributed factories and processed by one of the unrelated parallel machines. Processed jobs are assembled into final products through a defined assembly program in the assembly stage. This problem is referred to as the Distributed Parallel Machine Assembly Scheduling Problem or DPMASP. Minimizing the makespan of the products in the assembly stage is considered as the objective. Because of technological constraints, some factories are bit able to process some jobs and empty machines at factories are permitted. We present a mathematical model, four simple, fast and high performing heuristics to solve the considered problem. CPLEX and GUROBI as two state-ofthe- art commercial solvers are used to solve the mathematical model. Comprehensive computational experiments and ANOVA statistical analyses are performed to evaluate the performance of the proposed mathematical model and heuristics. Our results show that the mathematical model is able to solve moderatelysized instances and some of the heuristics report solutions that are very close to optimality in negligible CPU times.
Assessing Sample Entropy of physiological signals by the norm component matrix algorithm: Application on muscular signals during isometric contraction

Sample Entropy (SampEn) is a popular method for assessing the unpredictability of biological signals. Its calculation requires to preliminarily set the tolerance threshold r and the embedding dimension m. Even if most studies select m=2 and r=0.2 times the signal standard deviation, this choice is somewhat arbitrary. Effects of different r and m values on SampEn have been rarely assessed, because of the high computational burden of this task. Recently, however, a fast algorithm for estimating correlation sums (Norm Component Matrix, NCM) has been proposed that allows calculating SampEn quickly over wide ranges of r and m. The aim of our work is to describe the structure of SampEn of physiological signals with different complex dynamics as a function of m and r and in relation to the correlation sum. In particular, we investigate whether the criterion of “maximum entropy” for selecting r previously proposed for Approximate Entropy, also applies to SampEn; and whether information from correlation sums provides indications for the choice of r and m. For this aim we applied the NCM algorithm on electromyographic and mechanomyographic signals during isometric muscle contraction, estimating SampEn over wide ranges of r (0.01≤ r ≤ 5) and m (from 1 to 11). Results indicate that the “maximum entropy” criterion to select r in Approximate Entropy cannot be applied to SampEn. However, the analysis of correlation sums alternatively suggests to choose r that at any m maximizes the number of “escaping vectors”, i.e., data points effectively contributing to the SampEn estimation.
Robot Errors and Human Teachers : The Effects of Personality and Patience During Learning Tasks

Robots are expected to become a ubiquitous technology in the near future, where different people from a wide variety of backgrounds may have daily interactions with robots. These co-present humans will expect to be able to customize robot behavior to suit their preferences and needs through intuitive methods, such as learning from demonstration (LfD). However, these interactions will vary depending on the personal qualities of the user, and to the best of our knowledge, no work has explored how these qualities affect the teaching of a robot during an LfD task. This paper introduces a novel experimental design for testing patience during LfD instruction, and explores the relationship between personality and patience while teaching an autonomous DARwIn-OP robot. Another contribution of this paper is the introduction of systematic error simulation during LfD.
The RAS Effector RIN1 Modulates the Formation of Aversive Memories

RAS proteins are critical regulators of mitosis and are mutationally activated in many human tumors. RAS signaling is also known to mediate long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term memory formation in postmitotic neurons, in part through activation of the RAF–MEK–ERK pathway. The RAS effector RIN1 appears to function through competitive inhibition of RAS–RAF binding and also through diversion of RAS signaling to alternate pathways. We show that RIN1 is preferentially expressed in postnatal forebrain neurons in which it is localized in dendrites and physically associated with RAS, suggesting a role in RAS-mediated postsynaptic neuronal plasticity. Mice with anRin1 gene disruption showed a striking enhancement in amygdala LTP. In addition, two independent behavioral tests demonstrated elevated amygdala-dependent aversive memory inRin1−/− mice. These results indicate that RIN1 serves as an inhibitory modulator of neuronal plasticity in aversive memory formation.
Sources of variation in back and leg dynamometry.

Three investigations were carried out to examine the concurrent validity and the reliability of a portable dynamometer (Takei Kiki Kogyo) for the measurement of back and leg strength. First, leg extension strength of 19 subjects was measured using the Takei dynamometer and compared to the isometric knee extension strength of the dominant (right) leg measured using a computer-controlled dynamometer (Lido Active, Davis, CA). The back extension strength of 18 subjects was also compared between the two dynamometers. Second, back and leg strengths of 36 subjects, aged 19-30 years, were measured twice using the Takei dynamometer. Six days separated the test and retest. Third, back and leg strengths of four subjects, aged 21-30 years, were measured at six different times of the solar day. Significant relations (p < 0.001) were obtained between the Takei and Lido dynamometers for leg strength (r = 0.90) and back strength (r = 0.79). Significant test-retest correlations (p < 0.001) were found for leg strength (r = 0.80) and back strength (r = 0.91). Group mean (+/- SD) leg strength values of test (1450.4 +/- 428.6 N) and retest (1432.8 +/- 449.1 N) did not differ ((p > 0.05). A small (4.5%) but significant difference was found between the test (1057.2 +/- 309.9 N) and retest (1106.2 +/- 334.4 N) mean values for back strength (p < 0.05). A time of day effect was evident for back and leg strength (p < 0.05); on average the peak times occurred at 16:53 h and 18:20 h, respectively. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Treatment of acquired haemophilia with factor eight inhibitor bypassing activity

Summary. Haemorrhagic manifestations in patients with acquired haemophilia can be fatal if not recognized and treated appropriately. A retrospective analysis of the efficacy of factor eight inhibitor bypassing activity (FEIBA) in patients with acquired haemophilia treated in three medical centres in the past 10 years was conducted. The median inhibitor titre at treatment was 128 Bethesda Units (BU) in patients with severe and 34 BU in patients with moderate bleeding; P = 0.001. The majority of patients received FEIBA at a dose of 75 u kg−1 every 8–12 h. The number of FEIBA doses administered was higher in patients with severe compared with moderate haemorrhage, 10 vs. 6 doses per bleeding episode; P = 0.001. Complete response (CR) was achieved in 76% of severe and 100% of moderate bleeding episodes with a total CR of 86%. When compared with patients with human inhibitor titre <50 BU, those with titre >51 BU at treatment had lower median porcine titre, 1 vs. 9.5 BU; P < 0.05, fewer doses of FEIBA, 6 vs. 8.5 doses; P < 0.05, and shorter time to CR, 29 vs. 42 h; P < 0.05. Patients exposed to factor VIII concentrates prior to FEIBA had significantly higher maximum recorded human inhibitor titre compared with patients without such exposure, 273 vs. 38 BU; P = 0.0001. Treatment with FEIBA was very well tolerated and with very few side effects. This study provides evidence that FEIBA is an effective agent in acquired haemophilia and suitable for all types of patients regardless of severity of haemorrhage, underlying disease or inhibitor titre.
Committee I: Indications for pulmonary cytology sampling methods

The Papanicolaou Society of Cytopathology has developed a set of guidelines for pulmonary cytology including indications for bronchial brushings, washings and endobronchial ultrasound‐guided fine needle aspiration, technical recommendations for cytologic sampling, recommended terminology and classification scheme, recommendations for ancillary testing and recommendations for postcytologic diagnosis management and follow‐up. All recommendation documents are based on the expertise of the authors, extensive literature review and feedback from presentations at national and international conferences. This document selectively presents the results of these discussions. The present document summarizes the recommendations for clinical and imaging evaluation of pulmonary lesions along with the indications for cytologic studies regarding these abnormalities. Preprocedural requirements regarding brushing, washing and needle aspiration procedures are discussed also. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:1010–1023. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Assessing subsoil void hazards along a road system using H/V measurements, ERTs and IPTs to support local decision makers

Between 2008 and 2014, nine sinkholes occurred in northeastern Elba Island (Tuscany, Italy), an area with mostly flat terrain (called “Il Piano”) separating the municipalities of Rio nell’Elba and Rio Marina. The last sinkhole damaged the only road (SP26) between the harbour of Rio Marina and the northwestern part of the island. A bypass was immediately built, but the SP26 remains closed. Considering that sinkholes could be densely clustered in sinkhole prone areas, their detection and forecasting are key aspects of local administrative policies. In this paper, we present the results of an integrated geophysical survey aimed at (i) characterizing the geology of the area surrounding the SP26, and (ii) assessing the subsoil void hazard around the road system to support the decision to replace or restore the SP26. Therefore, for the purposes of this research, 120 single-station seismic noise measurements were taken following the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (H/V) or Nakamura technique, while eight 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) and 17 3D-ERT/induced polarisation measurements were also carried out in the study area. The H/V method allowed the estimation of the mean thickness of the alluvium, whereas the 2D/3D-ERTs and IPTs permitted the characterisation of the electrical behaviours of the materials and the localisation of the lenticular sand and gravel bodies within a sandy silt layer. The large amount of collected data made the zonation of the subsoil void hazards possible.
Road traffic injuries in Thailand: current situation.

BACKGROUND Road traffic injuries are a major public health problem in Thailand. The number of mortalities, morbidities and disabilities are huge, greatly affecting the individual victims, the families, society and the nation as a whole. OBJECTIVE To study the current situation regarding traffic injuries in Thailand. MATERIAL AND METHOD Retrospective study from multiple national data sources RESULTS For over ten years, the annual death toll due to road accidents has been more than ten thousand Thais. The situation remains critical with a higher mortality and morbidity than many other low or middle income countries. Two-thirds of the victims were males: 80% were under 40 years of age. Most (80%) of the injured and dead were motorcyclists. The large number of traffic crashes, injuries, disabilities and deaths resulted in more than 168 thousand million Baht in economic losses in 2002. These losses are trending to increase. CONCLUSION Traffic injuries are a persistent major public health concern primarily because of a lack of adherence to the use of safety restraints and obedience of traffic laws. The nation must not hesitate to increase efforts to address these problems, as they are costing life and limb of Thais every hour of every day, as well as adding a huge economic burden.
In-vehicle exposure to ultrafine particles

There is an accumulating body of work suggesting that a large proportion of many people’s daily exposure to ultrafine (< 100 nm) particles (UFPs) is incurred during the relatively short period of time spent travelling in an automobile (vehicle). Based on toxicological and epidemiological studies, UFPs are increasingly viewed as a significant risk to public health. However, despite the substantial contribution to total exposure that vehicle travel may constitute, the factors controlling the magnitude of in-vehicle UFP exposure concentrations have not been well-documented to-date.
The usefulness of fatty acid analysis in differentiating species of Pythium, Rhizoctonia and Gaeumannomyces and as a tool for their detection in infected wheat roots

Principal component analysis (PCA) of cellular fatty acids extracted from cultures of Gaeumannomyces spp. , Rhizoctonia solani (anastamosis groups AG4 and AG8) and Pythium spp. showed strong clustering of cultures within genera and good discrimination between genera. PCA of the fatty acid profiles was successful in distinguishing between seven different Pythium spp. tested (P. arrhenomannes, P. australe, P. echinulatum, P. irregulare, P. ostracodes, P. spinosum and P. ultimum) but did not distinguish between the Gaeumannomyces spp. (G. graminis var. avenae, G. graminis var. graminis, G. graminis var. tritici, G. cylindrosporus and G. incrustans) nor the isolates of the two AG groups of Rhizoctonia examined. Significant differences between species were detected in the relative amounts of individual fatty acids. The presence of two fatty acids (20:4ω6c and 20:5ω3c), found only in the Pythium species examined, was used to detect the presence of P. echinulatum and P. irregulare in wheat roots infected with these two fungi.
Present status of primordial nucleosynthesis after WMAP: results from a new BBN code

We report on the status of primordial nucleosynthesis in light of recent results on CMB anisotropies from WMAP experiment. Theoretical estimates for nuclei abundances, along with the corresponding uncertainties, are evaluated using a new numerical code, where all nuclear rates usually considered have been updated using the most recent available data. Moreover, additional processes, neglected in previous calculations, have been included. The combined analysis of CMB and primordial nucleosynthesis prediction for Deuterium gives an effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom in good agreement with the simplest scenario of three non degenerate neutrinos. Our findings seem to point out possible systematics affecting 4He mass fraction measurements, or the effect of exotic physics, like a slightly degenerate relic neutrino background.
RR Lyrae Variables in the Globular Cluster M55. The First Evidence for Nonradial Pulsations in RR Lyrae Stars

We present the results of a photometric study of RR Lyrae variables in the field of the globular cluster M55. We have discovered nine new RR Lyrae stars, increasing the number of known RR Lyrae variables in this cluster to 15 stars. Five of the newly discovered variables are Bailey type RRc, and two are type RRab. Two background RRab stars are probable members of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy. Fourier decomposition of the light curves was used to derive basic properties of the present sample of RR Lyrae variables. From an analysis of the RRc variables we obtain a mean mass of M = 0.53 ± 0.03 M⊙, luminosity log L = 1.75 ± 0.01, effective temperature Teff = 7193 ± 27 K, and helium abundance Y = 0.27 ± 0.01. Based on the B-V colors, periods, and metallicities of the RRab stars, we estimate the value of the color excess for M55 to be equal to E(B - V) = 0.11 ± 0.03. Using this value we derive the colors of the blue and red edges of the instability strip in M55. The blue edge lies at (B - V)0 = 0.20 mag, and the red edge lies at (B - V)0 = 0.38 mag. We estimate the values of the visual apparent distance moduli to be 13.65 ± 0.11 from RRab stars and 13.91 ± 0.08 from RRc stars. The light curves of three of the RRc variables exhibit changes in amplitude of over 0.1 mag on the timescale of less than a week, rather short for the Blazhko effect, but with no evidence for another radial pulsational frequency. However, we do detect other periodicities for these three stars that are clearly visible in the light curve after removing variations with the first overtone radial frequency. This is strong evidence for the presence of nonradial pulsations, a behavior common for δ Scuti stars but not yet observed among RR Lyrae variables.
OKN Asymmetry in Human Subjects: A Literature Review

Abstract Optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) is a reflex eye movement induced by motion of the whole or a large proportion of the visual field. It can be horizontal, vertical, and torsional in direction and consists of two basic components, a slow tracking movement and a rapid recovery saccade. Two forms of OKN exist: “look” and “stare” OKN. There is strong evidence that horizontal OKN is symmetrical in normal healthy adults and that the OKN gains can be influenced by a variety of different factors including target size, shape, contrast, and velocity. Vertical OKN on the other hand is less well understood, although there is a belief that vertical OKN is asymmetrical with an upward preference. Recent publications contradict this assertion. In this article a comprehensive literature review was carried out to determine whether a vertical OKN asymmetry exists in healthy subjects and to explain any anomalous findings.
Synaptic mechanisms regulating the activation of a Ca(2+)-mediated plateau potential in developing relay cells of the LGN.

Using intracellular recordings in an isolated (in vitro) rat brain stem preparation, we examined the synaptic responses of developing relay neurons in the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). In newborn rats, strong stimulation of the optic tract (OT) evoked excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) that gave rise to a sustained (300-1,300 ms), slow-decaying (<0.01 mV/s), depolarization (25-40 mV). Riding atop this response was a train of spikes of variable amplitude. We refer to this synaptically evoked event as a plateau potential. Pharmacology experiments indicate the plateau potential was mediated by the activation of high-threshold L-type Ca(2+) channels. Synaptic activation of the plateau potential relied on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated activity and the spatial and/or temporal summation of retinally evoked EPSPs. Inhibitory postsynaptic responses (IPSPs) did not prevent the expression of the plateau potential. However, GABA(A) receptor activity modulated the intensity of optic tract stimulation needed to evoke the plateau potential, while GABA(B) receptor activity affected its duration. Expression of the plateau potential was developmentally regulated, showing a much higher incidence at P1-2 (90%) than at P19-20 (1%). This was in part due to the fact that developing relay cells show a greater degree of spatial summation than their mature counterparts, receiving input from as many as 7-12 retinal ganglion cells. Early spontaneous retinal activity is also likely to trigger the plateau potential. Repetitive stimulation of optic tract in a manner that approximated the high-frequency discharge of retinal ganglion cells led to a massive temporal summation of EPSPs and the activation of a sustained depolarization (>1 min) that was blocked by L-type Ca(2+) channel antagonists. These age-related changes in Ca(2+) signaling may contribute to the activity-dependent refinement of retinogeniculate connections.