Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structure and dynamics of the Shapley Supercluster Velocity catalogue, general morphology and mass

We present results of our wide-field redshift survey of galaxies in a 285 square degree region of the Shapley Supercluster (SSC), based on a set of 10 529 velocity measurements (including 1201 new ones) on 8632 galaxies obtained from various telescopes and from the literature. Our data reveal that the main plane of the SSC (v ≈ 14 500 km s −1 ) extends further than previous estimates, filling the whole extent of our survey region of 12 degrees by 30 degrees on the sky (30 × 75 h −1 Mpc). There is also a connecting structure associated with the slightly nearer Abell 3571 cluster complex (v ≈ 12 000 km s −1 ). These galaxies seem to link two previously identified sheets of galaxies and establish a connection with a third one at v = 15 000 km s −1 near RA = 13 h . They also tend to fill the gap of galaxies between the foreground Hydra-Centaurus region and the more distant SSC. In the velocity range of the Shapley Supercluster (9000 km s −1 < cz < 18 000 km s −1 ), we found redshift-space overdensities with bj < 17. 5o f� 5.4 over the 225 square degree central region and � 3.8 in a 192 square degree region excluding rich clusters. Over the large region of our survey, we find that the intercluster galaxies make up 48 per cent of the observed galaxies in the SSC region and, accounting for the different completeness, may contribute nearly twice as much mass as the cluster galaxies. In this paper, we discuss the completeness of the velocity catalogue, the morphology of the supercluster, the global overdensity, and some properties of the individual galaxy clusters in the Supercluster.
Student Perceptions of the Classroom Environment

The impact and feasibility of using student perceptions of the classroom teaching environment as an instructional feedback tool were explored. Thirty-one teachers serving 797 middle school students collected data twice across 3 weeks using the Responsive Environmental Assessment for Classroom Teaching (REACT). Researchers randomly assigned half of the teachers to receive student feedback following the first data collection. Student responses in the classrooms of teachers who received feedback were more positive in the second round of data collection compared with the teachers who did not receive feedback. Students’ initial REACT scores, gender, and self-reported trouble in class were also significant predictors of REACT scores at the second data collection. Finally, teachers reported the REACT to be feasible for use in practice.
Localized CNS brucellosis: report of 7 cases

ABSTRACT‐ Seven patients with brucellar infection localized in the central nervous system (CNS) are reported. This series represent 3.5% of all brucellosis cases in our hospital. There was a conspicuous absence of systemic signs and symptoms. The clinical course was characteristically protracted. Meningitis (acute, chronic, transient and recurrent) and progressive myeloradiculopathy were the 2 clinical patterns. Cranial nerve neuropathy was frequent, eight nerve involvement being present in 4 cases; transitory ischemic attacks and subarachnoid haemorrhage occurred in 2. Routine laboratory determinations were negative or non‐specific. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) findings included hypoglycorrhachia, lymphocytic pleocytosis and hyperpro‐teinorrhachia. There was also a remarkable increase in the gamma‐globulin and IgG values with morphology of oligoclonal bands in CSF electrophoresis. Brucella agglutination titers were low or absent in serum and/or CSF. By contrast, Coombs tests were always positive and higher titers were found in serum and CSF. After treatment a persistent CSF positive Coombs test at low titers together with an isolated increase in CSF gamma‐globulin and IgG values were detected in cured patients. Brucella blood cultures were negative, but CSF cultures were positive in four cases. Rifampin and doxycycline seems to be the treatment of choice. These agents must be maintained at least for 4 months in order to avoid relapses. Corticosteroids may be helpful at the beginning of treatment. Outcome is generally favourable in this disorder. We conclude that clinical and biological characteristics of localized CNS brucellosis are in accordance with those already described in other types of localized brucellosis.
Partial Collusion with Asymmetric Cross-Price Effects

Asymmetries in cross-price elasticities have been demonstrated by several empirical studies. In this paper we study from a theoretical stance how introducing asymmetry in the substitution effects influences the sustainability of collusion. We characterize the equilibrium of a linear Cournot duopoly with substitute goods, and consider substitution effects which are asymmetric in magnitude. Within this framework, we study partial collusion using Friedman (1971) solution concept. Our main result shows that the interval of quantities supporting collusion in the asymmetric setting is always smaller than the interval in the symmetric benchmark. Thus, the asymmetry in the substitution effects makes collusion more difficult to sustain. This implies that previous Antitrust decisions could be reversed by considering the role of this kind of asymmetry.
Silver Nanoparticles, Ions, and Shape Governing Soil Microbial Functional Diversity: Nano Shapes Micro

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) affect microbial metabolic processes at single cell level or lab-culture strains. However, the impact of different AgNPs properties such as the particle, ion release, and shape on functional responses of natural soil microbial communities remain poorly understood. Therefore, we assessed the relative importance of particles and ions of AgNPs in bacterial toxicity and how the functional diversity of soil microbial communities were impacted by AgNPs shapes (i.e., plates, spheres, and rods) in laboratory incubations. Our results showed that the relative contribution of AgNPs(particle) increased with increasing exposure concentrations (accounted for about 60–68% of the total toxicity at the highest exposure level). In addition, the functional composition of the microbial community differed significantly according to different AgNPs shapes. The various properties of AgNPs thus can significantly and differentially affect the functional composition of microbial communities and associated ecosystem processes depending on the level of environmental exposure.
Unique Clinical and Pathological Features in HLA-DRB1*0401–restricted MBP 111–129–specific Humanized TCR Transgenic Mice

Amino acid residues 111–129 represent an immunodominant epitope of myelin basic protein (MBP) in humans with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1*0401 allele(s). The MBP 111–129–specific T cell clone MS2-3C8 was repeatedly isolated from a patient with multiple sclerosis (MS), suggesting an involvement of MS2-3C8 T cells in the pathogenesis. To address the pathogenic potential of the MS2-3C8 T cell clone, we generated transgenic (Tg) mice expressing its T cell receptor and restriction element, HLA-DRB1*0401, to examine the pathogenic characteristics of MS2-3C8 Tg T cells by adoptive transfer into HLA-DRB1*0401 Tg mice. In addition to the ascending paralysis typical of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, mice displayed dysphagia due to restriction in jaw and tongue movements and abnormal gait. In accordance with the clinical phenotype, infiltrates of MS2-3C8 Tg T cells and inflammatory lesions were predominantly located in the brainstem and the cranial nerve roots in addition to the spinal cord and spinal nerve roots. Together, these data suggest a pathogenic role of MBP-specific T cells in inflammatory demyelination within the brainstem and cranial nerve roots during the progression of MS. This notion may help to explain the clinical and pathological heterogeneity of MS.
Misperception of Chance, Conjunction, Framing Effects and Belief in the Paranormal: A Further Evaluation

Studies exploring relationships between belief in the paranormal and vulnerability to cognitive bias suggest thatbelievers are liable to misperception of chance and conjunction fallacy. Research investigating misperception of chance has pro-duced consistent ﬁndings, whilst work on conjunction fallacy is less compelling. Evidence indicates also that framing biases withina paranormal context can increase believers’ susceptibility. The present study, using conﬁrmatory factor analysis and structuralequation modelling, examined the contribution of each bias to belief in the paranormal and assessed the merits of previousresearch. Alongside, the Revised Paranormal Belief Scale, participants completed standard and paranormal framed perceptionof randomness and conjunction problems. Perception of randomness was more strongly associated with belief in the paranormalthan conjunction fallacy. Inherent methodological issues limited the usefulness of framing manipulations; presenting problemswithin a paranormal context weakened their predictive power. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antiviral and resistance studies of AG1343, an orally bioavailable inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus protease

AG1343 ([3S-(3R*,4aR*,8aR*,2'S*,3'S*)]-2-[2' hydroxy-3'-phenylthiomethyl-4'-aza-5'-oxo-5'-(2''-methyl-3''-hydro xy-phenyl) pentyl]-decahydroiso-quinoline-3-N-t-butylcarboxamide methanesulfonic acid) is a selective, nonpeptidic inhibitor of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease (Ki = 2 nM) that was discovered by protein structure-based drug design methodologies. AG1343 was effective against the replication of several laboratory and clinical HIV type 1 (HIV-1) or HIV-2 isolates including pyridinone- and zidovudine-resistant strains, with 50% effective concentrations ranging from 9 to 60 nM. In reversibility studies, inhibition of gag (p55) proteolytic processing in HIV-1 particles from cells treated with AG1343 was maintained for up to 36 h after drug removal. The ability of virus to develop resistance to AG1343 was studied by serial passage of HIV-1 NL4.3 in the presence of increasing concentrations of drug. After 28 passages, a variant with a 30-fold reduction in susceptibility to AG1343 was isolated. Molecular analysis of the protease from this variant indicated a double change from a Met to Ile at residue 46 and an Ile to Val or Ala at residue 84 (M46I+I84V, A). Consistent with these findings, reductions in susceptibility were observed for recombinant viruses constructed to contain the single I84V change or the double M46I+I84V substitutions. Resistance, however, was not detected for recombinant viruses containing other key mutations in HIV-1 protease, including a Val to Ile change at residue 32 or a Val to Ala or Phe at residue 82. The potent anti-HIV activity of AG1343 against several isolates suggests that AG1343 should perform well during ongoing human phase II clinical trials.
Induction of apoptosis by monoclonal antibody anti-APO-1 class switch variants is dependent on cross-linking of APO-1 cell surface antigens.

Apoptosis, programmed cell death, was previously shown to be induced by the mAb anti-APO-1 (IgG3, kappa) by binding to the APO-1 cell surface Ag, a new member of the nerve growth factor/TNF receptor superfamily. To investigate the role of the Ig H chain Fc regions we compared induction of apoptosis by the original mAb IgG3 anti-APO-1 with anti-APO-1 F(ab')2 fragments and different anti-APO-1 isotypes (IgG1, IgG2b, IgG2a, and IgA) isolated by sequential sublining. We found that IgG3 was the most active isotype; IgG1, IgG2a, and IgA showed intermediate activity, and IgG2b and F(ab')2 were inactive. Cytotoxic activity of the inactive or less active antibody preparations was fully reconstituted by protein A, anti-mouse Ig, or anti-mouse Ig F(ab')2, respectively. Thus, APO-1-mediated induction of apoptosis was dependent on efficient cross-linking of APO-1 cell surface Ag, indirectly augmented by anti-APO-1 Fc-Fc self-aggregation. Because of their different in vitro activity we selected IgG3-, IgG2b-, and IgA anti-APO-1 to test their antitumor activity against solid human B lymphoblastoid tumors in SCID mice. The isotypes showed a different serum half-life (IgG3: 9.2-10.4 days, IgG2b: 1.9-2.6 days, and IgA: 14.1-29.2 h) and a different initial tumor localization 4 h after i.p. injection (IgG3 around the blood vessels, IgG2b homogeneously, and IgA heterogeneously distributed in the tumor). All antibody preparations induced tumor regression by induction of apoptosis, even IgG2b anti-APO-1 inactive in vitro without cross-linking. The activity of IgA anti-APO-1, which did not mediate complement-dependent cytotoxicity or antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity indicates that apoptosis may be used as the main if not the only mechanism of induction of tumor regression in vivo. As with in vitro, IgG3 anti-APO-1 was the most effective isotype also in vivo. This result suggests that cross-linking of APO-1 on the tumor cell surface may also be required for tumor regression by apoptosis in vivo. Taken together, our data show that selective targeting of apoptosis to tumors may be an efficient antitumor mechanism.
The Ketogenic Diet as a Treatment Paradigm for Diverse Neurological Disorders

Dietary and metabolic therapies have been attempted in a wide variety of neurological diseases, including epilepsy, headache, neurotrauma, Alzheimer disease, Parkinson disease, sleep disorders, brain cancer, autism, pain, and multiple sclerosis. The impetus for using various diets to treat – or at least ameliorate symptoms of – these disorders stems from both a lack of effectiveness of pharmacological therapies, and also the intrinsic appeal of implementing a more “natural” treatment. The enormous spectrum of pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the aforementioned diseases would suggest a degree of complexity that cannot be impacted universally by any single dietary treatment. Yet, it is conceivable that alterations in certain dietary constituents could affect the course and impact the outcome of these brain disorders. Further, it is possible that a final common neurometabolic pathway might be influenced by a variety of dietary interventions. The most notable example of a dietary treatment with proven efficacy against a neurological condition is the high-fat, low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (KD) used in patients with medically intractable epilepsy. While the mechanisms through which the KD works remain unclear, there is now compelling evidence that its efficacy is likely related to the normalization of aberrant energy metabolism. The concept that many neurological conditions are linked pathophysiologically to energy dysregulation could well provide a common research and experimental therapeutics platform, from which the course of several neurological diseases could be favorably influenced by dietary means. Here we provide an overview of studies using the KD in a wide panoply of neurologic disorders in which neuroprotection is an essential component.
Specialized Corpora from the Web and Terms Extraction for Simultaneous Interpreters

This paper presents the results of an experiment conducted using BootCaT, a toolkit to bootstrap specialized corpora and terms from the web. In order to evaluate the differences and similarities between automatically and manual constructed corpora, we compare the results of a terminological extraction from two corpora, the first retrieved by BootCaT and the second constructed by a professional terminologist. We conduct our research with three languages: English, Italian and German. We also try to find out if a specific target user, the conference interpreter, could profit from the terms extracted semi automatically with this tool. We conducted an evaluation using an ad-hoc taxonomy that considers the specific needs of interpreters as well as a reference term list compiled by hand by a professional terminologist. The results illustrates the potential usefulness of this tool and of the use of the web as a corpus.
An Empirical Study on Factors Affecting Knowledge Sharing Intention in Vietnam

The economics transfers gradually from matter-based to knowledge-based. The winners are those who have such strong, innovative and creative knowledge. To get the best results from the knowledge each one has, the knowledge management is required. In knowledge management knowledge sharing plays an important role in the successful implementation in any organizations. However, individuals will not share their knowledge in any circumstances. They have their own reasons to do so. In some cases the organization has not had the suitable ways to encourage the members to share knowledge, and there still exists some barriers that become obstacles for the occurring of sharing knowledge activity. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to deep understand some critical elements affecting on knowledge sharing intention among the employees, especially, in some selected organizations in Vietnam and find out which factors affect the most on the intention to share knowledge. This study was based on TRA model as the foundation of the research model. This is a quantitative research, with almost the data were collected from staffs in some multinational companies in Vietnam, especially Hyosung, a Korean invested company in Vietnam. We used the SPSS and PLS software to demonstrate the relationships among those components in our model. The hypothesis was then validated empirically with SPSS to test if the empirical data supported the proposed hypotheses. From the data analysis result, there are four factors which are significant: anticipated extrinsic reward, anticipated reciprocal relationship, sense of self-worth attitude and organizational climate, however, organization based self-esteem is not significant. After all of the analysis processes, at last, the suitable model of factors that affect knowledge sharing intention among employees in Vietnam was built up.
Comorbidity of Mood Disorders: A Longitudinal Prospective Study

From the Zurich cohort study (n=591), the association of major depressive episodes and recurrent brief depression (RBD) with other psychiatric disorders is presented cross-sectionally at age 28 and 30 years, and over ten years (age 20 to 30 years). Longitudinally, the odds ratios of major depression are highest with dysthymia (4.4), generalised anxiety disorder (4.4), panic disorder (2.7), hypomania and agoraphobia (2.6), and social phobia (2.4). There is a significant association with cannabis consumption and smoking. Follow-up data over nine years are available for 41 patients with a major depressive disorder (MDD) and 62 with RBD: approximately 20% of MDD patients did not receive a diagnosis during follow-up. Major depression reoccurred in 32%, became bipolar in 24%, or developed into RBD in 24%. RBD remitted in 41 %, reoccurred in 35%, turned into major depression in 22%, and became bipolar in only 7%. Longitudinally, MDD and RBD show a symmetrical diagnostic change in a quarter of the cases. There is no substantial development of MDD or RBD into minor depression or generalised anxiety disorder. Thirteen per cent of those with RBD later developed panic disorder.
The impact of learning difficulties and socioemotional and behavioural problems on transition to postsecondary education or work life in Finland: a five-year follow-up study

Abstract Learning difficulties have been found to dilute the possibilities that young adults have in their educational careers. However, during the last few decades, education has become increasingly important for employment and overall life satisfaction. In the present study, we were interested in the effects of mathematical and reading difficulties and socioemotional and behavioural problems (measured at age 16) on three educational situations at age 21: delayed graduation from upper secondary education, short educational trajectory and not being engaged in education, employment or training (NEET). The participants (N = 597; 304 females, 293 males) were one age cohort of ninth graders in general education classes, who were followed for five years after completion of compulsory education. This time frame included two different transition phases: first, from comprehensive education to upper secondary education, and second, from upper secondary education to further studies or to working life. Structural equation modelling was used as analysis method. The findings show that mathematical and reading difficulties as well as socioemotional and behavioural problems had significant long-term effects on the participants’ educational careers. New in part was that these learning difficulties seemed to have somewhat divergent emphases on the three investigated life situations: (1) mathematical difficulties, more strongly than reading difficulties, caused the students to attain lower levels of education, (2) mathematical difficulties and socioemotional problems predicted a student ending up in the NEET group and (3) reading difficulties and behavioural problems predicted delayed graduation from upper secondary education.
THE CAPGRAS SYNDROME: A case report

The myth of the doubles is a very ancient one (Crawley 1908, Tymms 1949). I t is likely to be found in religious beliefs not only among primitive tribal cultures, but also in very advanced ones such as the ancient Egyptian, the Greek and the Roman. In the field of literature, several authors have been inspired by i t from P l a u t ~ s to Molihre, Dostojevsky to Kleist. Like many other myths, the myth of the doubles has also inspired psychopathologists in describing a peculiar clinical picture. In psychopathology, there is general agreement that the French psychiatrist Capgras and his co-workers (1923, 1924, 1925) were the first to describe in detail the occurrence of the illusion of the doubles in psychiatric patients. The possible occurrence of this phenomenon, however, had been already mentioned in psychiatric literature, by Bessiere (191 3) and Janet (both quoted by Cargnello & Della Beffa 1955) among others, some ten years before the classical description by Capgras. According to Capgras, the central feature of the ”illusion des sosies” (illusion of the doubles) is a misidentification of a person, usually a very familiar one, who is regarded instead as a ”double”. This ”double” is maintained by the patient to resemble the familiar person as an identical twin. The belief has a delusional quality. I t emerges clearly from the reports that the occurrence of an illusion of the doubles is not specific for any psychopathological condition; the Capgras syndrom, in fact, has been observed both in the course of chronic delusional conditions and during affective episodes in the course of recurrent psychotic depression and of manic-depressive psychosis. N o statement has been made on whether the prognosis is affected by the occurrence of the phenomenon. By and large, i t seems that an illusion of the doubles might occur in any phase of a psychotic condition and that its further course is closely related to the prognosis of the basic disorder. Patients of both sexes have presented the syndrome.