Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The TetR-Type MfsR Protein of the Integrative and Conjugative Element (ICE) ICEclc Controls both a Putative Efflux System and Initiation of ICE Transfer

ABSTRACT Integrative and conjugating elements (ICE) are self-transferable DNAs widely present in bacterial genomes, which often carry a variety of auxiliary genes of potential adaptive benefit. One of the model ICE is ICEclc, an element originally found in Pseudomonas knackmussii B13 and known for its propensity to provide its host with the capacity to metabolize chlorocatechols and 2-aminophenol. In this work, we studied the mechanism and target of regulation of MfsR, a TetR-type repressor previously found to exert global control on ICEclc horizontal transfer. By using a combination of ICEclc mutant and transcriptome analysis, gene reporter fusions, and DNA binding assays, we found that MfsR is a repressor of both its own expression and that of a gene cluster putatively coding for a major facilitator superfamily efflux system on ICEclc (named mfsABC). Phylogenetic analysis suggests that mfsR was originally located immediately adjacent to the efflux pump genes but became displaced from its original cis target DNA by a gene insertion. This resulted in divergence of the original bidirectional promoters into two separated individual regulatory units. Deletion of mfsABC did not result in a strong phenotype, and despite screening a large number of compounds and conditions, we were unable to define the precise current function or target of the putative efflux pump. Our data reconstruct how the separation of an ancestor mfsR-mfsABC system led to global control of ICEclc transfer by MfsR.
Production , Manufacturing and Logistics Periodic review lost-sales inventory models with compound Poisson demand and constant lead times of any length

0377-2217/$ see front matter 2012 Elsevier B.V. A doi:10.1016/j.ejor. 2012.01. 041 ⇑ Corresponding author. Tel. : +31 104082199. E-mail address: mbijvank@rsm.nl (M. Bijvank). In almost all literature on inventory models with lost sales and periodic reviews the lead time is assumed to be either an integer multiple of or less than the review period. In a lot of practical settings such restrictions are not satisfied. We develop new models allowing constant lead times of any length when demand is compound Poisson. Besides an optimal policy, we consider pure and restricted base-stock policies under new lead time and cost circumstances. Based on our numerical results we conclude that the latter policy, which imposes a restriction on the maximum order size, performs almost as well as the optimal policy. We also propose an approximation procedure to determine the base-stock levels for both policies with closed-form expressions. 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
The SDAARC architecture

While traditional parallel computing systems are still struggling to gain a wider acceptance, the largest parallel computer that has ever been available is currently growing with the communication resource Internet. Unfortunately it is also rarely used in the parallel computation field. The reason for the rejection of parallel computers is mainly the difficulty of parallel programming. In this paper we propose the Self Distributing Associative ARChitecture (SDAARC). It has been derived from the Cache Only Memory Architecture (COMA). COMAs provide a distributed shared memory (DSM) with automatic distribution of data. We show how this paradigm of data distribution can be extended to the automatic distribution of instruction sequences (microthreads). We show how microthreads can be extracted from legacy C code to produce code that can automatically be parallelized by SDAARC at run time. We also discuss how SDAARC can be implemented on a rightly coupled multiprocessor systems on heterogenous LAN based computer networks (Intranet) and on WANs of computing resources.
The Process of Finding a Shape: Stabilising New Research Structures in Swedish Teacher Education, 2000–2007

This article explores the development and effects of Swedish post-war policies on the emergence of a research base for teacher education. From 2001 onwards, it is possible to undertake research and postgraduate studies within teacher education in Sweden, which prior to the 2001 reform was not possible. The article draws on a variety of frameworks to explore relationships between various parts of teacher education and also more widely in the university. These include relations of power, discourse and gender based on the theoretical perspectives of Bourdieu, Foucault, Sarfatti Larson and Connell among others. Policy documents relating to teacher education and research into national, regional and local perspectives were used to explore institutional history, structures and research development in teacher education from 1946 to the present time. For a micro-level perspective, an interview study was also carried out between 2000 and 2002 with teacher educators and senior managers who from the late 1940s were responsible for teacher education programmes, in and around Umeå, in northern Sweden. A further complementary interview study was carried out with teacher educators and union representatives between 2005 and 2007. The extended study reveals the emergence of new research areas in teacher education as a multilayered process involving a variety of actors at different levels at Umeå University and elsewhere. The aim of the article is to explore the implications of the new research structures for teacher education in Sweden and also to contribute to current cross-national discourses on the need to establish a research base for teacher education.
The effect of exposure to farmed salmon on piscine orthoreovirus infection and fitness in wild Pacific salmon in British Columbia, Canada

The disease Heart and Skeletal Muscle Inflammation (HSMI) is causing substantial economic losses to the Norwegian salmon farming industry where the causative agent, piscine orthoreovirus (PRV), is reportedly spreading from farmed to wild Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) with as yet undetermined impacts. To assess if PRV infection is epidemiologically linked between wild and farmed salmon in the eastern Pacific, wild Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus sp.) from regions designated as high or low exposure to salmon farms and farmed Atlantic salmon reared in British Columbia (BC) were tested for PRV. The proportion of PRV infection in wild fish was related to exposure to salmon farms (p = 0.0097). PRV was detected in: 95% of farmed Atlantic salmon, 37–45% of wild salmon from regions highly exposed to salmon farms and 5% of wild salmon from the regions furthest from salmon farms. The proportion of PRV infection was also significantly lower (p = 0.0008) where wild salmon had been challenged by an arduous return migration into high-elevation spawning habitat. Inter-annual PRV infection declined in both wild and farmed salmon from 2012–2013 (p ≤ 0.002). These results suggest that PRV transfer is occurring from farmed Atlantic salmon to wild Pacific salmon, that infection in farmed salmon may be influencing infection rates in wild salmon, and that this may pose a risk of reduced fitness in wild salmon impacting their survival and reproduction.
CATEGORY CONTINGENT COMPARATIVE JUDGEMENTS

In one experiment, participants compared the size of animals from memory and on congruent trials selected the smaller if both were small and the larger if both were large. On incongruent trials, they selected the larger animal if both were small and the smaller if both were large. In a second experiment, participants compared the lengths of lines and the direction of the comparison was contingent on whether the lines were short or long. Response times (RTs) were increased and semantic congruity effects (SCE) were greatly amplified with the category contingent instructions relative to the conventional non-contingent instructions precisely as predicted by the class of evidence accrual models of decisional processing. These findings are not easily accounted for by the single sample, stage models, of the SCE.
Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery Concomitant Mitral Valve Surgery with Aortic Valve Replacement: a 21-year Experience with a Single Mechanical Prosthesis

Background: Long-term survival for combined aortic and mitral valve replacement appears to be determined by the mitral valve prosthesis from our previous studies. This 21-year retrospective study assess long-term outcome and durability of aortic valve replacement (AVR) with either concomitant mitral valve replacement (MVR) or mitral valve repair (MVrep). We consider only a single mechanical prosthesis.
Sex Offenders Part I: Theories and Models of Etiology, Assessment, and Intervention

ABSTRACT Sex offenders are a growing population within both the prison system and the community mental health system. Social workers provide the majority of mental health services in this country, and therefore the profession needs to better understand this population, including the theories of etiology, methods of assessment, treatment options, evaluation strategies, and demographic characteristics for this group. This article is the first of a two-part series on sex offenders focusing primarily on the clinical issues of this population so that their needs are more accessible to social workers.
Earnings of Turkish Workers Before and After Dismissal Due to Privatization

byAysit TanselDepartment of EconomicsMiddle East Technical University, 06531 Ankara, TurkeyTelephone : 90-312-210 20 57Fax No. : 90-312-210 12 44E-Mail : atansel # rorqual.cc. metu.edu. trFebruary 1998This research was undertaken for the World Bank. The findings, interpretations,and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the author. They do notnecessarily represent the views of the World Bank, its Executive Directors, or thecountries they represent.I am grateful to Martin Rama for his comments and suggestions. HaroldAlderman, three anonymous referees of this journal and the participants of the WorldBank Conference on Public Sector Retrenchment and Efficient Compensation Schemes(November 6-7, 1996, Washington, DC) also provided helpful comments. I would like tothank Metin Kamis who implemented the greater part of the interviews and handled dataentry skillfully. Senol Haciefendioglu, Bulent Ascigil and students from Middle EastTechnical University, Dokuz Eylul University and Kocaeli University also helped inimplementing the interviews. Mustafa Yontem from cement workers’ trade union,Cimse-Is, Ankara office and local representatives of the Cimse-Is were instrumental insecuring the names and addresses of the dismissed workers. Any errors are myresponsibility.1. Introduction
Risk Assessment of Sexual Offenders for Extended Supervision Orders in New Zealand: Basic Principles and Current Practice

A growing number of jurisdictions in North America, the United Kingdom, and Australasia have enacted legislation allowing for special sentencing, civil commitment, and community supervision options for high risk sexual offenders. In New Zealand, one example of this concern for public protection is the Parole (Extended Supervision) Amendment Act 2004, which provides for additional supervision of sexual offenders with child victims for up to 10 years after their release from prison. Recent experience with expert evidence and judicial decision making in such cases suggests that those involved in the process might benefit from a more thorough understanding of the current state of sexual offender risk assessment that can be provided by mental health professionals.
Training needs of dairy farmers in Nagpur district

The present study was carried out to analyse the training needs of dairy farmers in Nagpur district. The study was conducted in 15 villages from 3 talukas of Nagpur district by personally interviewing 225 respondent farmers. Here, majority of the dairy farmers (62.67%) had perceived their training need as the most important in health care and disease prevention whereas 22.22% expressed it as important while 15.11% respondents as not important. As regards information about care and management of animals, most of the respondents (50.67%) opined their training need as the most important, 26.22% of the respondents as important while 23.11% expressed it as not important. In reference to breeding and management, majority of the respondents (41.33%) expressed their training need as the most important, 32.00% respondents as important whereas 26.67% respondents as not important. Majority of the respondents (54.67%) conveyed their opinion regarding training need about feeding and management of animals as the most important followed by 24.00% of the respondents as important while 23.11% respondents as not important. In the context of training needs about clean milk production, majority of the respondents i.e. 37.3% opined it as the most important, 29.78% as important while 32.89% of the respondents as not important.
Influence of Socioeconomic Status on Mortality After Stroke: Retrospective Cohort Study

Background and Purpose— Low socioeconomic status is associated with increased morbidity and mortality from stroke. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between 4 independent measures of socioeconomic status and mortality of patients with acute ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack. Methods— Socioeconomic status was assessed by taking into account levels of education, occupation, occupational status, and income. The end point was overall mortality. We used Cox proportional hazard models to adjust for age, sex, and severity of stroke on admission. Results— A total of 2606 stroke patients were followed up for a median of 2.5 years. Unskilled workers had a hazard ratio of 1.87 for death after stroke (95% CI, 1.37 to 2.55) and skilled workers had a hazard ratio of 1.61 (95% CI, 1.23 to 2.11) compared with white-collar workers. Of 4 income groups, patients with the second lowest level of income had a hazard ratio of 1.60 (95% CI, 1.10 to 2.33) and patients with the third lowest level of income had a hazard ratio of 1.71 (95% CI, 1.25 to 2.32) compared with patients with the highest income. The hazard ratio for death after stroke for early retired patients was 1.75 (95% CI, 1.01 to 3.04) compared with stroke patients in the active workforce at the time of the event. Conclusions— Socioeconomic status is associated with survival of patients with acute stroke after adjustment for age, sex, and severity of stroke. The influence of socioeconomic status seems to continue to affect the outcome largely independent of stroke severity.
Prostate cancer in renal transplant recipients.

BACKGROUND We conducted a retrospective multi-centre study to determine the characteristics of prostate cancer in renal transplant recipients (RTR) and to analyse the relation with immunosuppressive maintenance therapies. METHODS Patients from 19 French transplant centres diagnosed with prostate cancer at least 1 year after kidney transplantation were included in this study. Data regarding demographics, kidney transplantation, prostate cancer and immunosuppressive treatment were analysed. RESULTS Sixty-two patients met the eligibility criteria for this study. Thirty-eight patients (61.3%) received calcineurin inhibitors (CNI) and azathioprine (AZA) with or without steroids, twenty received CNI with or without steroids (32.2%) and four received CNI and mycophenolate mofetil (6.5%). Patients with CNI and AZA immunosuppressive therapy presented more high-stage cancer (T3 and T4) when compared to patients receiving CNI alone (47.5% versus 15%, respectively, P = 0.03). A non-significant increase in lymph node invasion was found in patients receiving CNI and AZA compared to patients receiving CNI alone (21% versus 5%, P = 0.16). In the multivariate analysis, the immunosuppressive regimen with CNI and AZA was the only independent risk factor for locally advanced disease (P = 0.007). CONCLUSION Our results showed that RTR are at risk for early occurrence and for locally advanced prostate cancer, especially when they received a CNI and AZA maintenance immunosuppressive therapy.
COMMENTS ON DRAFT DOCUMENT: DIET, NUTRITION AND THE PREVENTION OF CHRONIC DISEASES

Name: Dr. Koh Chu-Sing Name of Organization: Malaysian Palm Oil Promotion Council Postal Address: 2 Floor, Wisma Sawit, Lot 6, SS6, Jalan Perbandaran, 47301 Kelana Jaya, Selangor, Malaysia. Telephone No: 603 78064097 Scope of activities: International Mission of organization: Disseminate scientific truths on palm oil Organization Interest: Lipid Nutrition and chronic diseases: Sources of Funding: Government of Malaysia Email address: koh@mpopc.org. my Fax No: 603 78062272
Dual T cell receptor beta chain expression on human T lymphocytes

Allelic exclusion of lymphocyte antigen receptor chains has been hypothesized as a mechanism developed by the immune system to ensure efficient lymphocyte repertoire selection and tight control of lymphocyte specificity. It was effectively shown to be operative for both the immunoglobulin (Ig) and the T cell receptor (TCR) beta chain genes. Our present observations suggest that close to 1% of human T lymphocytes escape this allelic control, and express two surface TCR beta chains with distinct superantigenic reactivities. Since this high frequency of dual beta chain expressors did not result in any dramatic immune dysregulations, these results question the need for a mechanism ensuring clonal monospecificity through allelic exclusion.
The State Reinventing the Preschool Child

The emergence of mandated Preschool Curriculum Guidelines (Queensland School Curriculum Council (QSCC), 1998a) for teachers in public preschools in Queensland has occurred in a political, economic and social climate that has witnessed signi cant restructuring at all levels of education and a realignment of the goals of education through the lens of economics. The Preschool Curriculum Guidelines was one of the recommendations from the report of the 1993 Review of Queensland School Curriculum (Wiltshire et al., 1994). This was a politically initiated review that re ected concern about standards, particularly in relation to literacy and numeracy. A perceived decline in literacy and numeracy standards was reported from teachers, parents and the public in submissions to this review. The Design Brief (QSCC, 1996) for the Preschool Curriculum Guidelines encompassed several of the recommendations for early childhood education made in the Wiltshire et al. (1994) report, including literacy and numeracy as priorities, outcomes, and links to the content of the compulsory years of schooling. Another of the recommendations of this review was to establish an authority responsible for writing curriculum materials for Queensland schools. The Queensland School Curriculum Council was established through legislation in December 1996 to ‘provide for the development of high quality curricula for Queensland schools ’ (QSCC, 1998b, p. 1). The Council has responsibilities in three major areas: ‘Syllabuses and other curriculum materials for the P-10 years . Tests, assessment and reporting for the P-10 years . Strategic planning for the P-12 years’ (QSCC, 1998b, p. 1). All systems and sectors providing education in Queensland are able to utilise the materials produced by the Queensland School Curriculum Council, although for the state system the materials are mandatory. Prior to 1998, there was no formal curriculum document for preschool teachers in Queensland. In this state, preschool education is provided for children in the year before formal schooling begins, that is, for children aged four and  ve years. This year is not part of the compulsory education system. The state system (Education Queensland) is the largest provider of preschool education in the state of Queensland. It has mandated that the Preschool Curriculum Guidelines (QSCC, 1998a) will be implemented over a three-year period beginning in 1998, and that all teachers in state preschools will use the Guidelines for planning early childhood curricula (QSCC, 1998b). Other providers of preschool
Risk Factors for Intensive Care Unit Admission in Patients with Autoimmune Encephalitis

Background Prevention and early recognition of critical illness in patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is essential to achieve better outcome. Aim of the study To evaluate risk factors for intensive care unit (ICU) admission and its prognostic impact in patients with AE. Patients and methods A reclassification of patients hospitalized between 2011 and 2016 revealed 17 “definite” and 15 “probable” AE cases. Thirteen patients (41%) developed critical illness and required ICU admission. The underlying conditions were intractable seizures or status epilepticus (54%), altered mental state (39%), and respiratory failure (8%). Results ICU admission was associated with longer time from first symptoms to hospitalization (p = 0.046). Regression analysis revealed that anemia on hospital admission and definite diagnosis of AE was associated with a higher risk of acquiring critical illness. At last follow-up after a median of 31 months (range 2.5–52.4), seven patients had died (23%) and 63% had a good outcome [modified Rankin Scale (mRS) 0–3]. Anemia was associated with poor prognosis (p = 0.021), whereas development of critical illness did not impact mortality and functional outcome. Conclusion We confirmed the need for ICU care in a subgroup of patients and the prevailing objective is improved seizure control, and definite diagnosis of AE and anemia were identified as risk factors for development of critical illness. However, prognosis was not affected by ICU admission.
Imaging the Brain Marijuana Receptor: Development of a Radioligand that Binds to Cannabinoid CB1 Receptors In Vivo

Abstract: The major active ingredient of marijuana, (−)‐Δ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol, exerts its psychoactive effects via binding to cannabinoid CB1 receptors, which are widely distributed in the brain. Radionuclide imaging of CB1 receptors in living human subjects would help explore the presently unknown physiological roles of this receptor system, as well as the neurochemical consequences of marijuana dependence. Currently available cannabinoid receptor radioligands are exceedingly lipophilic and unsuitable for in vivo use. We report the development of a novel radioligand, [123I]AM281{N‐(morpholin‐4‐yl)‐5‐(4‐[123I]iodophenyl)‐1‐(2,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐4‐methyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐3‐carboxamide}, that is structurally related to the CB1‐selective antagonist SR141716A [N‐(piperidin‐1‐yl)‐5‐(4‐chlorophenyl)‐1‐(2,4‐dichlorophenyl)‐4‐methyl‐1H‐pyrazole‐3‐carboxamide]. Baboon single photon emission computed tomography studies, mouse brain dissection studies, and ex vivo autoradiography in rat brain demonstrated rapid passage of [123I]AM281 into the brain after intravenous injection, appropriate regional brain specificity of binding, and reduction of binding after treatment with SR141716A. AM281 has an affinity in the low nanomolar range for cerebellar binding sites labeled with [3H]SR141716A in vitro, and binding of [123I]AM281 is inhibited by several structurally distinct cannabinoid receptor ligands. We conclude that [123I]AM281 has appropriate properties for in vivo studies of cannabinoid CB1 receptors and is suitable for imaging these receptors in the living human brain.