Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EVALUASI KETERSEDIAAN SUMBER DAYA AIR BERBASIS METODE NERACA AIR THORNTHWAITE MATHER UNTUK PENDUGAAN SURPLUS DAN DEFISIT AIR DI PULAU JAWA

Abstract: As a natural resource that is vital in supporting human life, the evaluation of the availability of water resources is an urgency in determining and projecting the condition of water surplus or deficit in a Wilayah. There are various methods in evaluating the availability of water resources in an area, one method that has a high level of significance is the Thornthwaite Mather water balance method. Water balance analysis was carried out in 3 Wilayahs in Java Island which have monsoonal rain types, including Bandung, Begawan Solo watershed, and Pasuruan. The results of the evaluation of the availability of water resources in Bandung show a surplus condition of water in the rainy season period and deficit in the dry season period. Meanwhile, the water balance analysis in Solo shows deficit conditions in all areas covered by the Bengawan Solo watershed. Water balance analysis in Pasuruan Regency shows the same pattern as the Bandung area, where there is a surplus condition in the rainy season and deficits in the dry season period. While the results of the projection of the availability of water resources show varying results in the three Wilayahs, where there is generally an increase in the number of Wilayahs experiencing water deficits. Based on these conditions, water conservation efforts need to be formulated, both by the community and the local government.Abstrak: Sebagai sumber daya alam yang sangat vital dalam menunjang kehidupan manusia, evaluasi ketersediaan sumber daya air merupakan sebuah urgensi dalam menentukan serta memproyeksikan kondisi surplus atau defisit air di suatu wilayah. Terdapat berbagai metode dalam mengevaluasi ketersediaan sumber daya air di suatu wilayah, salah satu metode yang memiliki tingkat signifikansi tinggi adalah metode neraca air Thornthwaite Mather. Analisis neraca air dilakukan pada 3 wilayah di Pulau Jawa yang memiliki tipe hujan monsunal, meliputi Bandung, DAS Begawan Solo, dan Pasuruan. Hasil evaluasi ketersediaan sumber daya air di Bandung menunjukkan kondisi surplus air pada periode musim penghujan dan defisit pada periode musim kemarau. Sementara itu, analisis neraca air di Solo menunjukkan kondisi defisit pada seluruh area yang tercakup dalam DAS Bengawan Solo. Analisis neraca air di Kabupaten Pasuruan menunjukkan pola yang sama dengan wilayah Bandung, dimana terjadi kondisi surplus pada periode musim penghujan dan defisit pada periode musim kemarau. Sedangkan hasil proyeksi ketersediaan sumber daya air menunjukkan hasil yang bervariasi pada ketiga wilayah, dimana secara umum terjadi peningkatan jumlah wilayah yang mengalami defisit air. Berpijak pada kondisi tersebut, upaya-upaya konservasi air perlu segera dirumuskan, baik oleh masyarakat maupun pemerintah daerah setempat.
DISENGAGEMENT FROM KNOWLEDGE SHARING: THE ALTERNATIVE EXPLANATION FOR WHY PEOPLE ARE NOT SHARING

Why don’t people share their knowledge with others at work? This question has been asked by practitioners and researchers alike (e.g., Connelly, Zweig, & Webster, 2006; Garfield, 2006; Stauffer, 1999). In response to this question, some researchers have focused on how to increase knowledge sharing behaviors (e.g., Bartol & Srivastava, 2002; Davenport & Prusak, 1998; DeLong & Fahey, 2000; Elliott & O'Dell, 1999; Voelpel, Dous, & Davenport, 2005), while others have examined why individuals hoard or hide their knowledge (Connelly et al., 2006; Garfield, 2006; Hislop, 2003; Webster et al., 2008).
Automatic assessment of English learner pronunciation using discriminative classifiers

This paper presents a novel system for automatic assessment of pronunciation quality of English learner speech, based on deep neural network (DNN) features and phoneme specific discriminative classifiers. DNNs trained on a large corpus of native and non-native learner speech are used to extract phoneme posterior probabilities. A part of the corpus includes per phone teacher annotations, which allows training of two Gaussian Mixture Models (GMM), representing correct pronunciations and typical error patterns. The likelihood ratio is then obtained for each observed phone. Several models were evaluated on a large corpus of English-learning students, with a variety of skill levels, and aged 13 upwards. The cross-correlation of the best system and average human annotator reference scores is 0.72, with miss and false alarm rate around 19%. Automatic assessment is 81.6% correct with a high degree of confidence. The new approach significantly outperforms spectral distance based baseline systems.
Variations in IC50 Values with Purity of Mushroom Tyrosinase

The effects of various inhibitors on crude, commercial and partially purified commercial mushroom tyrosinase were examined by comparing IC50 values. Kojic acid, salicylhydroxamic acid, tropolone, methimazole, and ammonium tetrathiomolybdate had relatively similar IC50 values for the crude, commercial and partially purified enzyme. 4-Hexylresorcinol seemed to have a somewhat higher IC50 value using crude extracts, compared to commercial or purified tyrosinase. Some inhibitors (NaCl, esculetin, biphenol, phloridzin) showed variations in IC50 values between the enzyme samples. In contrast, hydroquinone, lysozyme, Zn2+, and anisaldehyde showed little or no inhibition in concentration ranges reported to be effective inhibitors. Organic solvents (DMSO and ethanol) had IC50 values that were similar for some of the tyrosinase samples. Depending of the source of tyrosinase and choice of inhibitor, variations in IC50 values were observed.
GMP-140 binds to a glycoprotein receptor on human neutrophils: evidence for a lectin-like interaction

GMP-140 is a rapidly inducible receptor for neutrophils and monocytes expressed on activated platelets and endothelial cells. It is a member of the selectin family of lectin-like cell surface molecules that mediate leukocyte adhesion. We used a radioligand binding assay to characterize the interaction of purified GMP-140 with human neutrophils. Unstimulated neutrophils rapidly bound [125I]GMP-140 at 4 degrees C, reaching equilibrium in 10-15 min. Binding was Ca2+ dependent, reversible, and saturable at 3-6 nM free GMP-140 with half- maximal binding at approximately 1.5 nM. Receptor density and apparent affinity were not altered when neutrophils were stimulated with 4 beta- phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate. Treatment of neutrophils with proteases abolished specific binding of [125I]GMP-140. Binding was also diminished when neutrophils were treated with neuraminidase from Vibrio cholerae, which cleaves alpha 2-3-, alpha 2-6-, and alpha 2-8-linked sialic acids, or from Newcastle disease virus, which cleaves only alpha 2-3- and alpha 2-8-linked sialic acids. Binding was not inhibited by an mAb to the abundant myeloid oligosaccharide, Lex (CD15), or by the neoglycoproteins Lex-BSA and sialyl-Lex-BSA. We conclude that neutrophils constitutively express a glycoprotein receptor for GMP-140, which contains sialic acid residues that are essential for function. These findings support the concept that GMP-140 interacts with leukocytes by a lectin-like mechanism.
Non-restrictive relative clauses in Arabic

This paper discusses the syntax of non-restrictive relative clauses in Modern Standard Arabic (MSA). It provides a thorough description of their structures and attempts to offer a preliminary analysis within the transformation framework: Minimalist syntax. Two relativization strategies are available for Arabic non-restrictive relative clauses. The first strategy is similar to that of definite restrictive relatives in which the relative clause is initiated by ʔallaðiwhich is a relative complementizer, whereas the second strategy is a unique one in which the relative clause is initiated by the special particle wa, appears to be a specifying coordinator, along with the complementizer ʔallaði. The paper also argues that De-Vries’s (2006) coordinate approach to appositive relatives can provide a straightforward account for some the facts of non-restrictive relative clauses in Arabic.
Interpersonal Competence Configurations, Behavior Problems, and Social Adjustment in Preadolescence

This study examines interpersonal competence configurations in relation to students' concurrent behavior problems and social risks for later adjustment difficulties. Participants are 648 (345 girls, 303 boys) fourth-grade students (65% White, 6.9% African American, 19.5% Hispanic, 4.6% Asian, and 4.0% Other) from the suburbs of a major Midwestern city. Competence and risk configurations are identified using cluster analytic procedsures with teacher ratings of interpersonal competence. Four distinct risk configurations are identified: Multi-Risk, Tough, Unengaged (boys); and Low-Academic (girls). These configurations are differentially related to the subscales and total problem scores on the Teacher Report Form and to social adjustment variables that have been shown to be linked to poor outcomes in adolescence. Implications for intervention development and future research needs are discussed.
Self-motion facilitates echo-acoustic orientation in humans

The ability of blind humans to navigate complex environments through echolocation has received rapidly increasing scientific interest. However, technical limitations have precluded a formal quantification of the interplay between echolocation and self-motion. Here, we use a novel virtual echo-acoustic space technique to formally quantify the influence of self-motion on echo-acoustic orientation. We show that both the vestibular and proprioceptive components of self-motion contribute significantly to successful echo-acoustic orientation in humans: specifically, our results show that vestibular input induced by whole-body self-motion resolves orientation-dependent biases in echo-acoustic cues. Fast head motions, relative to the body, provide additional proprioceptive cues which allow subjects to effectively assess echo-acoustic space referenced against the body orientation. These psychophysical findings clearly demonstrate that human echolocation is well suited to drive precise locomotor adjustments. Our data shed new light on the sensory–motor interactions, and on possible optimization strategies underlying echolocation in humans.
ESTILOS DE APRENDIZAJE. RELACIÓN CON MOTIVACIÓN Y ESTRATEGIAS

Resumen:La investigación que presentamos analiza las relaciones los cuatro estilos de aprendizaje, medidos con el CHAEA –activo, reflexivo, teórico y pragmático-, con otros dos procesos fundamentales para el resultado del aprendizaje: la motivación y las estrategias –medidas con el CEPEA. Ambas variables representan dos aspectos especialmente relevantes en el contexto del aprendizaje universitario que, sin duda, modulan el efecto del propio estilo del alumno así como la aplicación de éste a las diferentes oportunidades de aprendizaje. Learning styles. Relationship with motivation and strategiesAbstract:This research presents information about four learning styles, measurement with CHAEA, -activist, reflector, theorist, pragmatist- and their relationships with motivation and learning strategies in their three levels: surface, deep and achieving.
Theory Building in Knowledge Management

The development of knowledge management (KM) in theory and praxis continues to involve a wide range of disciplines and contributors, each bringing their respective experiences, beliefs, and practices. Two of the main disciplines that contribute to the KM discourse are information systems and management. However, this study of KM has revealed an apparent dichotomy between those researchers from an information systems background and those from a management background. Approaches and models based on each perspective have emerged, but there is little evidence of synergy and convergence. This article shows that attempts to develop an optimal KM methodology are misplaced unless the underlying assumptions and paradigms are identified and understood. Furthermore, it is proposed that KM is currently in a state of “pre-science,” wherein proponents of different paradigms have their own beliefs and values and often disagree with others about fundamentals within the field.
Online Contributions of Auditory Feedback to Neural Activity in Avian Song Control Circuitry

Birdsong, like human speech, relies critically on auditory feedback to provide information about the quality of vocalizations. Although the importance of auditory feedback to vocal learning is well established, whether and how feedback signals influence vocal premotor circuitry has remained obscure. Previous studies in singing birds have not detected changes to vocal premotor activity after perturbations of auditory feedback, leading to the hypothesis that contributions of feedback to vocal plasticity might rely on“offline” processing. Here, we recorded single and multiunit activity in the premotor nucleus HVC (proper name) of singing Bengalese finches in response to feedback perturbations that are known to drive plastic changes in song. We found that transient feedback perturbation caused reliable decreases in HVC activity at short latencies (20–80 ms). Similar changes to HVC activity occurred in awake, nonsinging finches when the bird's own song was played back with auditory perturbations that simulated those experienced by singing birds. These data indicate that neurons in avian vocal premotor circuitry are rapidly influenced by perturbations of auditory feedback and support the possibility that feedback information in HVC contributes “online” to the production and plasticity of vocalizations.
Comparative Evaluation of the Lipid Profile in the Serum of Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus and Healthy Individuals with Periodontitis

Context: Periodontal disease is an immuno-inflammatory disease that is initiated by the interaction between microbial plaque and the periodontal tissues. The data available on the association of periodontal diseases with the lipid profile are conflicting. Therefore, a need for a study in this area was felt. Aims: To evaluate the lipid profile in the serum of patients with chronic periodontitis and chronic periodontitis with Type II diabetes mellitus (DM) patients and to compare it with healthy controls, to see whether they can serve as potential markers for chronic periodontitis and also to assess whether periodontitis can have systemic effects. Settings and Design: This study is a cross-sectional study. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted involving 300 participants in the age group of 30–60 years from October 2010 to May 2015. Five milliliters of venous blood was collected from each of the study participants, from the antecubital vein. Lipid profile was assessed using the ERBA commercially available kit. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS software version 17. Multigroup comparison was carried out using ANOVA. The honest significant difference Tukey's test was used in conjunction with ANOVA to find means which are significantly different from each other. Results: When the lipid profile was estimated, total cholesterol (TC) levels were seen to be significantly higher (P < 0.001) in the DM with periodontitis group. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were seen to be significantly higher (P < 0.001) in the control group. Mean serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and very LDL (VLDL) levels were seen to be significantly higher (P < 0.001) in the DM with periodontitis group. The triglyceride (TGL) values were also significantly higher (P < 0.001) in the DM with periodontitis group. The HDL and LDL levels were seen to be nonsignificant between chronic periodontitis and chronic periodontitis with diabetic group. Conclusions: The findings of the study showed that the lipid profile was significantly altered in patients with chronic periodontitis as compared to healthy controls. There was a potentiated difference in the values for TC, VLDL cholesterol, and TGL in patients with chronic periodontitis when compared to patients with Type II DM. HDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol did not show a significant difference.
Modified Egg as a Nutritional Supplement During Peak Brain Development: A New Target for Fortification

Background: Though eggs have the unique capacity, like breastmilk, to concentrate essential nutrients required for early growth and brain development of offspring — i.e. n-3 PUFA, increasingly deficient and sources contaminated — cholesterol and allergy concerns often exclude them from perinatal recommendations. Objective: Egg's potential contribution of key nutrients required for peak brain development are re-evaluated vis-à-vis fortification, accessibility, and risks. Methods: Contributions of standard (USDA) and fortified (selected market-available) egg compositions to perinatal requirements for critical brain-supporting nutrients were compared to human and cow milks, and risks and recommendations evaluated. Results: Standard egg has already higher concentrations/kcal of iron, selenium, zinc, choline, vitamins B12 and E, and essential amino acids (plus taurine) than human milk. Fortified egg could further yield significant n-3 PUFA %recommendations for pregnancy-lactation (total n-3 69.6–75.0% [DRI=1400−1300mg/day]), including DHA (120.1–129.3%, mostly ≈80% [calculated DRI=140−130mg/day]), plus antioxidant vitamins A (9.0–15.2%) and E (51.6–65.3%), and minerals iodine (33.6–44.5%) and selenium (33.7–39.3%); %recommendations for children (1–3 y) even more. Cholesterol, important for nerve membranes and learning, may not be generally contraindicated in childbearing-aged women (≈10.5% hypercholesterolemia), and early-life egg exposure may increase tolerance. Egg-inclusive perinatal nutrition programs have shown significant contributions. Conclusions: Eggs, especially target-fortified, may provide a unique nutritional supplement for peak brain development continously during pregnancy, nursing, and infancy (from 6 months), especially vs. insufficiencies. Missing nutritional opportunities by egg exclusion vs. concerns of hypercholesterolemia or allergy could be addressed individually, rather than as general recommendations, warranting further research and targeted egg design.
Cytology and Human Papillomavirus Testing 6 to 12 Months after ASCUS or LSIL Cytology in Organized Screening To Predict High-Grade Cervical Neoplasia between Screening Rounds

ABSTRACT We carried out a prospective study comparing the performance of human papillomavirus (HPV) E6/E7 mRNA (PreTect HPV-Proofer; NorChip, Klokkarstua, Norway) and DNA (Amplicor HPV test; Roche Diagnostics, Basel, Switzerland) triage testing of women 6 to 12 months after atypical-squamous-cells-of-undetermined-significance (ASCUS) or low-grade-squamous-intraepithelial-lesion (LSIL) cytology in organized screening to predict high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) between screening rounds. Between January 2005 and April 2008, 692 study women with screening-detected ASCUS/LSIL cytology 6 to 12 months earlier returned for HPV mRNA and DNA testing and repeat cytology. The median follow-up time was 3 years, using existing health care facilities. Follow-up test results were available for 625 women. Of the 145 CIN2+ cases detected during the study period, 95 (65.5%) were HPV mRNA positive 6 to 12 months after screening-detected ASCUS/LSIL, 44 (30.4%) were HPV mRNA negative, and 6 (4.1%) were invalid. The corresponding HPV DNA results were 139 (95.9%), 5 (3.4%), and 1 (0.7%), respectively. The cumulative incidences of CIN2+ 3 years after a negative HPV mRNA and DNA test were 10.3% (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.2 to 13.3%) and 1.8% (95% CI, 0.0 to 3.6%), respectively. The cumulative incidences of CIN2+ 3 years after positive HPV mRNA and DNA tests were 52.8% (95% CI, 40.1 to 60.1%) and 41.3% (95% CI, 35.5 to 46.6%), respectively. In conclusion, both positive HPV mRNA and DNA test results have a high enough long-term prediction of CIN2+ risk to consider referral to colposcopy as good practice when performed in delayed triage of women with ASCUS/LSIL cytology. In addition, the low CIN2+ risk among women with a negative Amplicor HPV test in our study confirms its safe use in a clinical setting.
Aging is a risk factor of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in premenopausal women.

AIM To clarify the relationship between age, menopause, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in women. METHODS We conducted a follow-up study on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by using abdominal ultrasonography, and investigated the relationship of age and menopause with the development of NAFLD in women. We followed 1829 women and 2572 men (response rate, 86%) selected in 2001 to represent the non-institutionalized adult population of Gifu, Japan. Data collected included self-reported medical history, lifestyle factors, and menopausal status. The postmenopausal state was defined as beginning 1 year after the cessation of menses. We diagnosed NAFLD with the aid of abdominal ultrasonography by using diagnostic criteria described previously. RESULTS The prevalence of NAFLD in women increases with age, but does not alter with age in men. Furthermore, the prevalence of NAFLD in premenopausal women (6%) was lower than that in men (24%) and in postmenopausal women (15%). The associations of the postmenopausal state and hormone replacement therapy with NAFLD were statistically significant in a univariate logistic regression model. At the follow-up examination, 67 women (5%) were newly diagnosed with NAFLD. The incidence of NAFLD was 3.5% (28/802) in premenopausal women, 7.5% (4/53) in menopausal women, 6.1% (24/392) in postmenopausal women, and 5.3% (11/206) in women receiving hormone replacement therapy. The weight gain in premenopausal women was equal to that in postmenopausal women. Metabolic syndrome and weight gain were independent risk factors for NAFLD in pre- and postmenopausal women, but age was an independent risk factor in premenopausal women only. CONCLUSION Aging is a risk factor for NAFLD in premenopausal women, independent of weight gain or influence of metabolic syndrome.
Rapid immunoperoxidase assay for detection of respiratory syncytial virus in nasopharyngeal secretions

Samples of nasopharyngeal secretions obtained from 70 infants and young children with acute respiratory disease were examined for the presence of respiratory syncytial virus by immunoperoxidase assay (IPA). The IPA was compared with the immunofluorescence assay and with cell culture isolation. Respiratory syncytial virus antigen-positive cells were detected by both IPA and immunofluorescence assay in 28 specimens; 25 samples were positive in cell culture. The agreement between virus isolation and IPA and IFA was 89%. The applicability of IPA to rapid viral diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus infection is discussed.