Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Plasticity in Brain Sexuality Is Revealed by the Rapid Actions of Steroid Hormones

Divergent steroid hormone profiles can shape the development of male versus female neural phenotypes, but whether they also determine differences in the short-term, neurophysiological patterning of behavior is unknown. We now show that steroid hormone-specific modulation of a vocal pattern generator (VPG) diverges between reproductive morphs in a teleost fish. Only type I male midshipman acoustically court females, whereas type II males steal fertilizations from type I males and, like females, generate only agonistic calls. The androgen 11-ketotestosterone (11kT), but not testosterone (T), rapidly (within 5 min) increases type I VPG output. As now shown, T, but not 11kT, rapidly increases VPG output in type II males and females, consistent with the predominant circulating androgen in type II males and females (T) versus type Is (11kT). Receptor and enzyme antagonists reveal an unexpected divergence in androgen- versus estrogen-dependent mechanisms in, respectively, type II males versus females. Cortisol, the main circulating glucocorticoid, also has divergent actions: suppressing versus increasing VPG output in, respectively, type II males and females versus type Is. In summary, rapid steroid action on VPG activity is uncoupled from gonadal phenotype (convergent between type II males and females), whereas the receptor-mediated mechanisms of androgen action are predicted by gonadal phenotype (both male morphs are sensitive to androgen receptor blockade, whereas females are not). A comparable mix of neuroendocrine traits may explain the widespread distribution of intrasexual behavioral phenotypes among teleosts and vertebrates in general. Moreover, the fundamental organization/activation principles that predict the steroid-dependent expression of “maleness” and “femaleness” may now include rapid steroid actions on the neurophysiological patterning of behavior.
'Think Manager, Think Male': Does it Apply to Zimbabwe

Over the last two decades in which empirical studies on gender and leadership styles have been undertaken, the findings have consistently confirmed that peopleâ€™s perceptions have not changed from using leadership traits, especially male traits as a requirement for appointment to managerial positions. Most of this research was carried out in developed economies with different cultures from those prevailing in African countries. It is, therefore, important to investigate the applicability of findings from developed countries to the Zimbabwean context. The findings of the study reported in this article differed from the literature in that, although managers were perceived to possess male traits, they were also perceived to have some female traits, such as intuition and modesty.
State of the Science: Intuition in Nursing, a Generation of Studying the Phenomenon

A systematic review of nursing literature was conducted to determine the state of the science with respect to the use of intuition in nursing practice and nursing education. The Cumulative Index for Nursing and Allied Health database was used to identify the priority population. From this database, 45 research articles that were written in English, published in nursing journals, and that contained the word intuition in the title and/or abstract and in which intuition was a major term were analyzed. Findings show that, to date, most studies are descriptive, exploratory in design. Nurses affirm that intuition is salient to expertise in clinical practice and should be carefully taught to students and novice nurses.
Hyperbox classifiers for arrhythmia classification

Purpose – This paper sets out to design hyperbox classifiers of high interpretation capabilities. They are based on a collection of hyperboxes – generic and highly interpretable geometric descriptors of data belonging to a certain class. Such hyperboxes directly translate into conditional statements (rules) taking on the well‐known format “if feature1 assumes values in [a,b] and feature2 assumes values in [d,f] and … and featuren assumes values in [w,z] then class ω” where the intervals ([a,b],…[w,z]) are the respective edges (features) of the corresponding hyperbox.Design/methodology/approach – The proposed design process of hyperboxes consists of two main phases. In the first phase, a collection of “seeds” of the hyperboxes is constructed through data clustering being realized by means of the fuzzy C‐means algorithm. During the second phase, the hyperboxes are “grown” (expanded) by applying mechanisms of genetic optimization (and genetic algorithm, in particular). Findings – It is demonstrated how the un.
Loadstar: Load Shedding in Data Stream Mining

In this demo, we show that intelligent load shedding is essential in achieving optimum results in mining data streams under various resource constraints. The Loadstar system introduces load shedding techniques to classifying multiple data streams of large volume and high speed. Loadstar uses a novel metric known as the quality of decision (QoD) to measure the level of uncertainty in classification. Resources are then allocated to sources where uncertainty is high. To make optimum classification decisions and accurate QoD measurement, Loadstar relies on feature prediction to model the data dropped by the load shedding mechanism. Furthermore, Loadstar is able to adapt to the changing data characteristics in data streams. The system thus offers a nice solution to data mining with resource constraints.
LA INTELIGENCIA EMOCIONAL DE LOS ADOLESCENTES TALENTOSOS

The aim of this study is triple; verify if there were differences in emotional intelligence between talented and non-talented subjects; if there were differences due to the gender and if the differences depended on the psychological instrument used. In this study 363 pupils participated from first grade of two Gadalajara (Mexico) secondary public schools. They were between 12 and 13 years old. From them, 94 were talented (59 women and 35 men); and 269 (168 women and 101 men) were non talented. In order to measure the emotional intelligence, two instruments: TMMS 24, a short version of Trait-Mata Mood Scale, and Bar-On EQ-:YV were used. The results of EQ-i: YV demonstrated the presence of significant differences between talented and non-talented subjects as well as differences due to the gender in the general sample. The results of TMMS did not show any difference due to the talent or gender.
Competitive Anxiety, Situation Criticality and Softball Performance

The relationship among person factors, situational factors, and batting performance was examined during a collegiate softball tournament. Specifically, the purposes of the present study were to examine (a) cognitive and somatic anxiety and performance as related to athletes’ trait anxiety and situation criticality, and (b) the catastrophe theory prediction that somatic anxiety would differentially relate to performance depending upon the level of cognitive anxiety. Standardized performance scores and intraindividual cognitive and somatic anxiety scores were computed for each athlete (N = 11). As hypothesized, high levels of situation criticality were associated with high levels of cognitive anxiety, but somatic anxiety did not differ in the two situations. Both person and situation factors were significant predictors of cognitive and somatic anxiety; however, the more salient factor was dependent upon the measurement of anxiety (raw scores vs. standardized score). Consistent with the catastrophe theory, s.
Depressive deficits in recognition: dissociation of recollection and familiarity.

Dysphoric and nondysphoric students (48 women and 24 men) participated in an experiment that was designed to separate automatic and controlled uses of memory in a modified recognition paradigm. First, they judged the relation of target words to paired words. Later they made recognition decisions on target items alone or in the context of the original paired item. The use of L.L. Jacoby's (1991) process dissociation procedure revealed depressive deficits in estimates of recollection but not in estimates of familiarity. The paired test improved recollection for all subjects and showed a trend in the direction of increased familiarity. These outcomes support approaches to depressive cognition that emphasize impaired cognitive control.
Electric Field-Driven Assembly of Sulfonated Polystyrene Microspheres

A designed assembly of particles at liquid interfaces offers many advantages for development of materials, and can be performed by various means. Electric fields provide a flexible method for structuring particles on drops, utilizing electrohydrodynamic circulation flows, and dielectrophoretic and electrophoretic interactions. In addition to the properties of the applied electric field, the manipulation of particles often depends on the intrinsic properties of the particles to be assembled. Here, we present an easy approach for producing polystyrene microparticles with different electrical properties. These particles are used for investigations into electric field-guided particle assembly in the bulk and on surfaces of oil droplets. By sulfonating polystyrene particles, we produce a set of particles with a range of dielectric constants and electrical conductivities, related to the sulfonation reaction time. The paper presents diverse particle behavior driven by electric fields, including particle assembly at different droplet locations, particle chaining, and the formation of ribbon-like structures with anisotropic properties.
Joint segmentation of right and left cardiac ventricles using multi-label graph cut

Segmenting the left ventricle (LV) and the right ventricle (RV) in magnetic resonance (MR) images is required for cardiac function assessment. In particular, the segmentation of the RV is a difficult task due to low contrast with surrounding tissues and high shape variability. To overcome these problems, we introduce a fully automatic segmentation method based on multi-label graph cuts, that makes use of a probabilistic shape model. The shape model is obtained by merging several atlases after their non-rigid registration on the unseen image. This prior is then incorporated into the multi-label graph cut framework in order to guide the segmentation. Our automatic segmentation method has been applied on 754 MR images. We show that encouraging results can be obtained for this challenging application.
PDGF alpha‐ and beta‐receptors activate unique and common signal transduction pathways.

We have examined the signal transduction pathways of the PDGF alpha‐ and beta‐receptors, in order to characterize the specificity of each receptor type in the signaling. Porcine aortic endothelial cell lines expressing equal levels of either PDGF alpha‐ or beta‐receptors were established. The alpha‐ and beta‐receptor cells responded mitogenically to stimulation with the proper PDGF isoforms. Three aspects of actin reorganization were examined after ligand stimulation: loss of stress fibres, appearance of edge ruffles and formation of circular membrane ruffles. The beta‐receptor cells showed a response to ligand stimulation which included all three features. The alpha‐receptor cells exhibited edge ruffles and loss of stress fibres, but circular ruffles could not be found in several independent alpha‐receptor cell lines. The beta‐receptor cells, but not the alpha‐receptor cells, were able to migrate chemotactically towards a concentration gradient of ligand. The molecular basis for the differences in signalling were explored by comparing the pattern of increased phosphorylation of potential substrates for the alpha‐ and beta‐receptors in [32P]orthophosphate labelled intact cells and using an in vitro kinase assay. Certain of the observed substrates were common for the two receptors, whereas others were specific for either one. We conclude that certain of the known PDGF induced cellular effects are transduced only by the beta‐receptor; the presence of alpha‐receptor‐specific substrates suggests that there are also alpha‐receptor‐specific signals, which have yet to be identified.
A Functional Study on CysLT1 Receptors in Human Eosinophils

Background: The cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) mediate their biological actions through two receptors: CysLT<sub>1</sub> receptor and CysLT<sub>2</sub> receptor. Objective: This study was undertaken to examine the direct effects of CysLTs on eosinophils, such as chemotaxis and degranulation, focusing on CysLT<sub>1</sub>. Methods: Eosinophils were isolated from venous blood from normal volunteers who had no history of allergy (purity >99%). They were subjected to reverse transcription-PCR analysis and flow-cytometric analysis for CysLT<sub>1</sub>. Binding assays were performed with [<sup>3</sup>H]LTD<sub>4</sub>. Purified eosinophils loaded with Fura-2 acetoxymethyl ester were stimulated with CysLTs, and Ca<sup>2+</sup> influx was measured. Eosinophil migration in response to CysLTs was measured using a 96-well multiwell Boyden chamber. Eosinophils were treated with LTD<sub>4</sub> at 10<sup>–6</sup>M for 60 min followed by incubation for 4 h at 37°C in the presence or absence of IL-5 and eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN) release was evaluated. Results: The expression of the mRNA and protein of CysLT<sub>1</sub> on eosinophils and [<sup>3</sup>H]LTD<sub>4</sub>-specific binding to eosinophils were observed. Neither Th1 cytokine (IFN-γ) nor Th2 cytokines (IL-4 or IL-5) affected CysLT<sub>1</sub> expression in eosinophils. CysLTs induced an increase in intracellular free Ca<sup>2+</sup> in eosinophils via CysLT<sub>1</sub>, as suggested by the efficient inhibition by a CysLT<sub>1</sub> antagonist, pranlukast, in addition to the rank order of potency being LTD<sub>4</sub>, LTC<sub>4</sub> and LTE<sub>4</sub>. LTD<sub>4</sub> stimulated eosinophils to migrate at 10<sup>–6</sup>M via CysLT<sub>1</sub>. LTE<sub>4</sub> also induced significant eosinophil migration at 10<sup>–6</sup>M. LTD<sub>4</sub> enhanced EDN release induced by IL-5 via CysLT<sub>1</sub>. Conclusion: CysLTs induce migration and enhance degranulation in eosinophils via CysLT<sub>1</sub>. Accordingly, interaction of CysLTs and CysLT<sub>1</sub> on eosinophils has the potential to play a prominent role in the pathophysiology of asthma.
An Examination of Coping in Sport: Individual Trait Anxiety Differences and Situational Consistency

The purposes of the present investigation were to examine the coping responses of different subgroups of athletes (e.g., high and low trait anxious athletes), and to assess the consistency of athlete’s coping behaviors across situations. Two-hundred and seventy-three athletes completed the Sport Anxiety Scale (SAS) by Smith, Smoll, & Schutz (1990) and coping assessments in trait and state versions of the sport adapted COPE (MCOPE) by Crocker and Graham (1995). The state coping measures assessed coping responses of situations for which the athletes actually experienced. The results of three separate, doubly multivariate, repeated measures, MANOVA’s showed that high trait anxious athletes responded to stressful situations using different coping behaviors (e.g., denial, wishful thinking, and self-blame) than the low trait anxious athletes. In addition, coping appears to be more stable than situationally variable as Pearson correlational coefficients computed between the three measures ranged from 0.53 to 0.8.
TyPTex: Inductive Typological Text Classification by Multivariate Statistical Analysis for NLP Systems Tuning/Evaluation

The increasing use of methods in natural language processing (NLP) which are based on huge corpora require that the lexical, morpho-syntactic and syntactic homogeneity of texts be mastered. We have developed a methodology and associate tools for text calibration or "profiling" within the ELRA benchmark called "Contribution to the construction of contemporary french corpora" based on multivariate analysis of linguistic features. We have integrated these tools within a modular architecture based on a generic model allowing us on the one hand flexible annotation of the corpus with the output of NLP and statistical tools and on the other hand retracing the results of these tools through the annotation layers back to the primary textual data. This allows us to justify our interpretations.
Belowground induction by Delia radicum or phytohormones affect aboveground herbivore communities on field-grown broccoli

Induced plant defence in response to phytophagous insects is a well described phenomenon. However, so far little is known about the effect of induced plant responses on subsequently colonizing herbivores in the field. Broccoli plants were induced in the belowground compartment using (i) infestation by the root-herbivore Delia radicum, (ii) root application of jasmonic acid (JA) or (iii) root application of salicylic acid (SA). The abundance of D. radicum and six aboveground herbivores displaying contrasting levels of host specialization were surveyed for 5 weeks. Our study showed that the response of herbivores was found to differ from one another, depending on the herbivore species, its degree of specialization and the root treatment. The abundance of the root herbivore D. radicum and particularly the number of emerging adults was decreased by both phytohormone treatments, while the number of D. radicum eggs was increased on conspecific infested plants. The root infestation exhibited moderate effects on the aboveground community. The abundance of the aphid Brevicoryne brassicae was strongly increased on D. radicum infested plants, but the other species were not impacted. Root hormone applications exhibited a strong effect on the abundance of specialist foliar herbivores. A higher number of B. brassicae and Pieris brassicae and a lower number of Plutella xylostella were found on JA treated plants. On SA treated plants we observed a decrease of the abundance of B. brassicae, Pi. rapae, and P. xylostella. Surprisingly, generalist species, Mamestra brassicae and Myzus persicae were not affected by root induction treatments. Finally, root treatments had no significant effect on either glucosinolate (GLS) profiles of the heads or on plant quality parameters. These results are discussed from the perspective of below- aboveground interactions and adaptations of phytophagous insects to induced plant responses according to their trophic specialization level.
Efficient likelihood estimation in state space models

Motivated by studying asymptotic properties of the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) in stochastic volatility (SV) models, in this paper we investigate likelihood estimation in state space models. We first prove, under some regularity conditions, there is a consistent sequence of roots of the likelihood equation that is asymptotically normal with the inverse of the Fisher information as its variance. With an extra assumption that the likelihood equation has a unique root for each n, then there is a consistent sequence of estimators of the unknown parameters. If, in addition, the supremum of the log likelihood function is integrable, the MLE exists and is strongly consistent. Edge-worth expansion of the approximate solution of likelihood equation is also established. Several examples, including Markov switching models, ARMA models, (G)ARCH models and stochastic volatility (SV) models, are given for illustration.
Legionella and Legionnaires' Disease: 25 Years of Investigation

SUMMARY There is still a low level of clinical awareness regarding Legionnaires' disease 25 years after it was first detected. The causative agents, legionellae, are freshwater bacteria with a fascinating ecology. These bacteria are intracellular pathogens of freshwater protozoa and utilize a similar mechanism to infect human phagocytic cells. There have been major advances in delineating the pathogenesis of legionellae through the identification of genes which allow the organism to bypass the endocytic pathways of both protozoan and human cells. Other bacteria that may share this novel infectious process are Coxiella burnetti and Brucella spp. More than 40 species and numerous serogroups of legionellae have been identified. Most diagnostic tests are directed at the species that causes most of the reported human cases of legionellosis, L. pneumophila serogroup 1. For this reason, information on the incidence of human respiratory disease attributable to other species and serogroups of legionellae is lacking. Improvements in diagnostic tests such as the urine antigen assay have inadvertently caused a decrease in the use of culture to detect infection, resulting in incomplete surveillance for legionellosis. Large, focal outbreaks of Legionnaires' disease continue to occur worldwide, and there is a critical need for surveillance for travel-related legionellosis in the United States. There is optimism that newly developed guidelines and water treatment practices can greatly reduce the incidence of this preventable illness.
Sequential Changes of Myocardial Microstructure in Patients Postmyocardial Infarction by Diffusion-Tensor Cardiac MR: Correlation With Left Ventricular Structure and Function

Background—We used diffusion-tensor cardiac MR to investigate myocardial microstructure changes, including tissue integrity (mean diffusivity [MD], fractional anisotropy) and fiber architecture (helix angles) in patients with recent myocardial infarction (MI). This study aimed to investigate the sequential changes of myocardial microstructure and its relationships with changes of macrostructure and function of the left ventricle post-MI. Methods and Results—Seventeen patients (age, 55.1±11.5 years; all men) participated in the follow-up study. Diffusion-tensor cardiac MR, cine gradient echo for left ventricle function, and late gadolinium enhancement for viability were measured from recent to chronic MI (median interval, 191 days). When compared with the remote zone, the infarct-adjacent zone showed overall increase of MD (2-way MANOVA, F1,16=36.3; P<0.001), decrease of fractional anisotropy (F1,16=5.8; P=0.029), and decrease of mean helix angles (F1,16=62.0; P<0.001). From recent to chronic MI, there was overall sequential decrease of MD (F1,16=22.6; P<0.001) and increase of fractional anisotropy (F1,16=7.8; P=0.013). Multiple linear regression showed that the improvement of wall thickening in the infarct-adjacent zone correlated with sequential decrease of MD in the infarct-adjacent zone (r=−0.70; P=0.002) and increase of mean helix angles (ie, more right-handed helical myofiber reorientation, predominantly subendocardial location) in the remote zone (r=0.60; P=0.011). Likewise, wall thickening in the remote zone correlated with MD in the remote zone (r=−0.72; P=0.001) and mean helix angles in the infarct-adjacent zone (r=0.72; P=0.001). Conclusion—Diffusion-tensor cardiac MR suggests that sequential zonal improvement of tissue integrity and fiber architecture remodeling both associate with sequential recovery of zonal wall thickening of the left ventricle from recent to chronic MI.