Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Some Empirical Tests on the Integration of Economic Activity between the Euro Area and the Accession Countries

This note looks at the correlation of short-term business cycles in the euro area and the EU accession countries. The issue is assessed with the help of vector autoregressive models. There are clear differences in the degree of correlation between accession countries. For Hungary and Slovenia, euro area shocks can explain a large share of variation in industrial production, while for some countries this influence is much smaller. For the latter countries, the results imply that joining the monetary union could entail reasonably large costs, unless their business cycles converge closer to the euro area cycle. Generally, for smaller countries the relative influence of the euro area business cycle is larger. Also, it is found that the most advanced accession countries are at least as integrated with the euro area business cycle as some small present member countries of the monetary union.
Assuring Quality for the Future

ISSN: 1526-5161 (Print) 1536-0075 (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline. com/loi/uajb20 Assuring Quality for the Future Valerye M. Milleson & Claire I. Horner To cite this article: Valerye M. Milleson & Claire I. Horner (2016) Assuring Quality for the Future, The American Journal of Bioethics, 16:3, 54-55, DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2015. 1134710 To link to this article: http://dx.doi. org/10.1080/15265161.2015. 1134710
Comparison of bone mineral density between porous tantalum and cemented tibial total knee arthroplasty components.

BACKGROUND Porous tantalum was recently introduced as a metallic implant material for total knee arthroplasty. Its porosity, low modulus of elasticity, and high frictional characteristics were expected to provide physiologic load transfer and relative preservation of bone stock. However, to our knowledge, the effect of a Trabecular Metal tibial component on bone mineral density has not been reported. The purpose of the present study was to compare the periprosthetic bone mineral density between patients managed with uncemented Trabecular Metal and cemented tibial components. METHODS Twenty-eight knees receiving a Trabecular Metal tibial component and twenty-eight knees receiving a cemented cobalt-chromium tibial component had dual x-ray absorptiometry scans at two weeks preoperatively and at two weeks and six, twelve, eighteen, and twenty-four months postoperatively, to assess periprosthetic bone mineral density. All of the operations were performed by one surgeon through a medial parapatellar approach. RESULTS None of the differences between the two groups in terms of preoperative bone mineral density in the femoral neck, wrist, lumbar spine, or knee were significant. In both groups, the bone mineral density in the tibia decreased postoperatively. However, the postoperative decrease in bone mineral density in the lateral aspect of the tibia was significantly less in knees with Trabecular Metal components than in knees with cemented tibial components at twenty-four months (mean and standard deviation, -6.7% +/- 22.9% compared with -36.8% +/- 24.2%; p = 0.002). At twenty-four months postoperatively, there was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of the Knee Society score, range of motion of the knee, or bone mineral density in the lumbar spine. No prosthetic migration or periprosthetic fracture was detected in either group. CONCLUSIONS The decrease in bone mineral density of the lateral tibial plateau was less in knees with a Trabecular Metal tibial component following total knee arthroplasty than in knees with a cemented tibial component. Additional research is needed to determine whether long-term clinical benefits are realized with the use of porous tantalum tibial components for total knee arthroplasty.
Uterine leiomyoma in chimpanzee ( Pan troglodytes )

Recebido em 22 de julho de 2004 Aceito em 5 de setembro de 2005 *Corresponding author (autor para correspondência) E-mail: serakide@dedalus.lcc. ufmg.br Reports of tumors of the reproductive tract in female non-human primates are not frequent. In the literature some cases were observed in females, and they included a cervical leiomyoma, an uterine carcinoma (Mcclure and Guilloud, 1971), four uterine leiomyomas (Seibold and Wolf, 1973; Toft and Mac Kenzie, 1975) an endometrial adenocarcinoma in situ (Hertig and Mackey, 1973), a tumor of the endometrial stroma (Toft and Mac Kenzie, 1975) and a fibrothecoma (Graham and McClure, 1977) . Those neoplasms are of interest, because they allow for the comparative study between monkeys and humans in respect to their phylogenetic proximity (Toft and Mac Kenzie, 1975; Graham and McClure, 1977).
A comparative study of voltage stability for long distance HVAC and HVDC interconnections

This paper presents a comparative study of voltage stability indices for three different long transmission technologies. High Voltage AC (HVAC), hybrid High Voltage DC (HVDC) and bipolar HVDC lines are compared in terms of voltage stability and point of collapse. Each scenario is analyzed with different lengths of transmission lines and in different contingency conditions. The impacts of HVDC control modes and parameters on interconnection voltage stability are also examined. Simulations are carried out on a simplified Australian power system with CIGRE HVDC models using the Power Factory software package.
Metformin Use in Decompensated Heart Failure

Metformin is associated with decreased mortality and morbidity in stable heart failure patients with diabetes mellitus type II. Diabetic heart failure patients with elevated systolic blood pressure are at increased risk for developing acute decompensated heart failure, which is often associated with decreased kidney function. Metformin-associated lactic acidosis is a rare but fatal side effect that may occur when kidney function is decreased. During acute decompensated heart failure, timely treatment may prevent the decrease in kidney function to the threshold associated with an increased risk of metformin-associated lactic acidosis. Metformin should not be withheld in diabetic patients with stable heart failure who do not have other risk factors for acute decompensated heart failure or lactic acidosis.
Oral health status and treatment needs among 10126 school children in West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh, India

Objectives: Oral diseases are affecting a large percentage of children worldwide. This study with Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry collaboration was taken up with the aim to evaluate the oral health status and treatment needs in school-going children of the West Godavari district, Andhra Pradesh, India. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 10126 school children who were randomly selected from 32 schools in West Godavari district. To find the significance of the obtained number of cases for different age groups, Chi-square test of significance was used. Results: The prevalence of dental conditions are as follows: Dental caries 63.5%, periodontal diseases 13.6%, dental anomalies 3.6%, dental trauma 3.2%, and orthodontic treatment 25.1%. Among the different age groups, 11–14 years age group has the highest prevalence of oral health problems. Females were more affected with dental caries (P = 0.17), orthodontic treatment needs (P = 0.12), and dental anomalies (P = 0.86) compared to males which was statistically insignificant. The highest prevalence of dental conditions in the case of females was observed during the age of 11–14 years, and in males, the peak was seen in the 15–18 years age group. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that school-going children in West Godavari district suffer from a high prevalence of dental conditions and have higher treatment needs.
Prohibition of factor market exchanges and technological choice in Chinese agriculture

This article constructs a model of technological choice in an economy where market exchanges in land and labour are prohibited. Empirical data on demand for tractors, tractor usage and chemical fertilisers in China are employed to test several hypotheses derived from the theoretical model. The theory implies that the impact of relative factor scarcity on the pattern of technological choice in such an economy is similar to that in a market economy as postulated by the Hicks‐Ruttan‐Hayami‐Binswanger hypothesis of induced technological change. The empirical evidence is found to be consistent with the implications of the model.
An Improved K-means Text Clustering Algorithm by Optimizing Initial Cluster Centers

K-means clustering algorithm is an influential algorithm in data mining. The traditional K-means algorithm has sensitivity to the initial cluster centers, leading to the result of clustering depends on the initial centers excessively. In order to overcome this shortcoming, this paper proposes an improved K-means text clustering algorithm by optimizing initial cluster centers. The algorithm first calculates the density of each data object in the data set, and then judge which data object is an isolated point. After removing all of isolated points, a set of data objects with high density is obtained. Afterwards, chooses k high density data objects as the initial cluster centers, where the distance between the data objects is the largest. The experimental results show that the improved K-means algorithm can improve the stability and accuracy of text clustering.
A Pitfall of Private Participation in Infrastructure

According to a popular belief, private participation in infrastructure service improves overall service efficiency. However, empirical evidence is mixed. In particular, private participation likely creates a potential agency problem, which may adversely affect service efficiency. This implies that proper government regulations can control opportunistic misbehaviors of private participants and reduce their behavioral uncertainty. Therefore, the effects of private participation on the efficiency of the power service can be hypothesized to be positively augmented by the level of government regulations. We developed an empirical model based upon key institutional, political, and socio-economic variables. The results suggest that private participation is in fact negatively associated with the efficiency of the power service. However, the results also show that the overall effects of private participation on efficiency are positively augmented according to the level of government regulations.
Market-Mobilized Capital

Theory suggests that capital is more likelyto be efficiently allocated via marketmechanisms, such as bank lending and stockissuance, than via non-market allocation. Consequently, we conjecture that increasedmarket allocation of capital will enhanceeconomic growth. We also posit that goodcollateral and corporate law will increasethe allocation of capital via debt andequity markets, respectively. Usingmeasures of statutory law as instrumentsfor market-mobilized capital, to controlfor its endogeneity in a cross-countrygrowth regression, we demonstrate a clearcausal link between financial marketdevelopment and economic performance.
Measurement is free

Since it began operations 25 years ago, FedEx has excelled in both strategic and operational performance. While there are measures developed and used internally for both, this discussion will focus on operational performance measures. For FedEx, those measures are free, fast, and practical. They are created by technology that is imbedded in the service‐delivery process.
An empirical investigation of the relationship between government revenue and expenditure: The case of the Fiji Islands

Purpose - Understanding the relationship between government revenue and government expenditure is important from a policy point of view, especially for a country like Fiji, which is suffering from persistent budget deficits. The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between government revenue and expenditure for Fiji. Design/methodology/approach - The Johansen test for cointegration and Granger causality test are used to conduct the empirical analysis. Findings - The key findings are that: government revenue and government expenditure in both the aggregate and disaggregate sense are cointegrated; in the short-run government expenditure Granger causes government revenue in an aggregate sense, departmental expenditure Granger causes aggregate revenue, and there is bidirectional causality running between government expenditure and customs duties; and in the long-run there is evidence of fiscal synchronization, implying that expenditure decisions are not made in isolation from revenue decisions. Research limitations/implications - This fiscal synchronization has not been able curb the current account deficit in Fiji. Moreover, the confirmation of the spend-tax attitude of the government does not bode well for the level of investments and skilled human capital in Fiji as this may perpetuate tax increases in the future. Given that the Fiji Government is currently trying to rein in the escalating level of fiscal deficit, it is an opportune time for them to engage in extensive expenditure reforms. Originality/value - The findings of this paper should allow policy makers to make informed decisions. Furthermore, the paper is different from others because apart from examining the revenue and expenditure in an aggregate sense, it also considers the different components of revenue and expenditure.
U.K. AUDITORS' ATTITUDES TO EFFECTIVENESS AUDITING

The appropriateness of requiring external auditors to undertake an examination of the effectiveness of many public sector services has been widely debated. This paper seeks to contribute to this debate by reporting on a survey of the attitudes of auditors. A sample of auditors from the National Audit Office, the Audit Commission and a major firm of accountants took part in the survey. The results reveal that the respondents had few misgivings about their involvement with the audit of effectiveness and a majority from each group clearly felt that external auditors should play a prominent role when such audits are undertaken.
Kemampuan Laba dan Arus Kas dalam Memprediksi Laba dan Arus Kas Perusahaan Go Publik di Indonesia

Financial accounting information is used by potential users to make necessary economic decisions. Earnings and cash flow are some of the measure that show a firms successful management. Earnings are useful for measuring a firms performance, and esti­mating the representative earning, the risk of investing and the cash flow information key measures of liquidity. Accounting information, is not yet one of the fundamental analysis tools for trading in Indonesian Capital Market. However, with increased development, accounting information will be necessary for making important decisions in the capital market. The objective of the study was to test the relationship of the ability of financial information in predicting the benefit of equity investment that consists of earnings and cash flow. The first hypothesis is earning predictor is better than cash flow predictor to predict future earning. Second, earning predictor is better than cash flow predictor to predict future to predict future cash flow. Lastly, earnings have incremental prediction ability to cash flow. There were 288 financial statements of manufacturing firms for the period of 1989-1994 include as a sample. Earnings data used in the tests is from the period of 1989-1994 and cash flow data is from 1992-1994 period. The statistical method used in this research is linear regression. then T-test, regression coeffi­cient, correlation determination and F-test on the 5% level significance. The autocorrelation tests show that there is no linear relationship between independent variables, and that there was no correlation between disturbance factors, because the Durbin Waston test shows value of 2. The statistical results show that earning predictor and cash flow predictor are both significant in predicting earning and cash flow one year ahead, The ability of earning predictor in predicting earning and cash flow is bigger than cash flow predic­tor, this is shown with the regression coefficient. Then is showed that a part from earnings being a tool for predicting earnings, it can be predict cash flows. The results of this research also show F-test is significant, which means that both predictors, earning and cash flow can be used for predicting earning and cash flow efficiently. Key Words: Auditors Ethical Orientation, Ethical Sensitivity, Professional Commitment, Organization Commitment
Housing Prices in Urban China as Determined by Demand and Supply

This paper studies the demand for and supply of residential housing in urban China since the late 1980s when the urban housing market became commercialized. Using aggregated annual data from 1987 to 2012 in a simultaneous equations framework we show that the rapid increase in the urban residential housing price can be well explained by the forces of demand and supply, with income determining demand and cost of construction affecting supply. We find the income elasticity of demand for urban housing to be about 1, the price elasticity of demand about -1.1, and the price elasticity of supply of the total housing stock about 0.5. The resulting long-run effect of income on urban housing price in elasticity terms is about 0.7, because the increase in income has shifted the demand curve outward more rapidly than the supply curve.
Project Proliferation and Governance—Implications for Environmental Management

Over the past few decades the systems of governance have been transformed in response to supra-national as well as national demands. Consequently, the number of informal governance instruments has increased at all administrative levels. Among these instruments temporary project organizations are especially important, serving as informal mechanisms of horizontal as well as vertical co-ordination. Projects have become symbols of efficiency, innovation and adaptability. They are expected to be flexible instruments making it possible to cope with unforeseen situations but they are also expected to provide means of co-ordination and policy coherence. The potential consequences of project proliferation have received surprisingly limited attention in the extensive governance debate. The empirical data available to date is limited and there is a lack of conceptualizations concerning the relationship between permanent and temporary structures. This article scrutinizes the potential consequences of project proliferation. Especially in fields like environmental management, characterized by cross-sectoral and multi-level policy problems it is—according to this analysis—evident that an increasing temporality in public decision-making may challenge fundamental administrative values such as transparency and democratic accountability.
Panel 4: Report of the Microbiology Panel

Objective To perform a comprehensive review of the literature from July 2011 until June 2015 on the virology and bacteriology of otitis media in children. Data Sources PubMed database of the National Library of Medicine. Review Methods Two subpanels comprising experts in the virology and bacteriology of otitis media were created. Each panel reviewed the relevant literature in the fields of virology and bacteriology and generated draft reviews. These initial reviews were distributed to all panel members prior to meeting together at the Post-symposium Research Conference of the 18th International Symposium on Recent Advances in Otitis Media, National Harbor, Maryland, in June 2015. A final draft was created, circulated, and approved by all panel members. Conclusions Excellent progress has been made in the past 4 years in advancing our understanding of the microbiology of otitis media. Numerous advances were made in basic laboratory studies, in animal models of otitis media, in better understanding the epidemiology of disease, and in clinical practice. Implications for Practice (1) Many viruses cause acute otitis media without bacterial coinfection, and such cases do not require antibiotic treatment. (2) When respiratory syncytial virus, metapneumovirus, and influenza virus peak in the community, practitioners can expect to see an increase in clinical otitis media cases. (3) Biomarkers that predict which children with upper respiratory tract infections will develop otitis media may be available in the future. (4) Compounds that target newly identified bacterial virulence determinants may be available as future treatment options for children with otitis media.
Cotranslational association of mRNA encoding subunits of heteromeric ion channels

Significance Many ion channels are composed of related but structurally distinct membrane protein subunits, each determining the functional properties of the channel. Although their composition is carefully regulated, the mechanisms underlying their assembly are poorly understood. We show that mRNA transcripts encoding human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG) 1a and 1b subunits, which assemble to form channels mediating cardiac repolarization, are physically associated and can be coimmunoprecipitated with an Ab against the nascent hERG 1a protein. Their association allows the subunits to interact during protein translation to form the heteromeric ion channel. These findings are important for understanding hERG channels, which are a target for acquired and congenital long QT syndrome, and may be generalizable to oligomeric proteins serving a wide range of biological functions. Oligomers of homomeric voltage-gated potassium channels associate early in biogenesis as the nascent proteins emerge from the polysome. Less is known about how proteins emerging from different polysomes associate to form hetero-oligomeric channels. Here, we report that alternate mRNA transcripts encoding human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG) 1a and 1b subunits, which assemble to produce ion channels mediating cardiac repolarization, are physically associated during translation. We show that shRNA specifically targeting either hERG 1a or 1b transcripts reduced levels of both transcripts, but only when they were coexpressed heterologously. Both transcripts could be copurified with an Ab against the nascent hERG 1a N terminus. This interaction occurred even when translation of 1b was prevented, indicating the transcripts associate independent of their encoded proteins. The association was also demonstrated in cardiomyocytes, where levels of both hERG transcripts were reduced by either 1a or 1b shRNA, but native KCNE1 and ryanodine receptor 2 (RYR2) transcripts were unaffected. Changes in protein levels and membrane currents mirrored changes in transcript levels, indicating the targeted transcripts were undergoing translation. The physical association of transcripts encoding different subunits provides the spatial proximity required for nascent proteins to interact during biogenesis, and may represent a general mechanism facilitating assembly of heteromeric protein complexes involved in a range of biological processes.