Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Breadth first search vectorization on the Intel Xeon Phi

Breadth First Search (BFS) is a building block for graph algorithms and has recently been used for large scale analysis of information in a variety of applications including social networks, graph databases and web searching. Due to its importance, a number of different parallel programming models and architectures have been exploited to optimize the BFS. However, due to the irregular memory access patterns and the unstructured nature of the large graphs, its efficient parallelization is a challenge. The Xeon Phi is a massively parallel architecture available as an off-the-shelf accelerator, which includes a powerful 512 bit vector unit with optimized scatter and gather functions. Given its potential benefits, work related to graph traversing on this architecture is an active area of research. We present a set of experiments in which we explore architectural features of the Xeon Phi and how best to exploit them in a top-down BFS algorithm but the techniques can be applied to the current state-of-the-art hybrid, top-down plus bottom-up, algorithms. We focus on the exploitation of the vector unit by developing an improved highly vectorized OpenMP parallel algorithm, using vector intrinsics, and understanding the use of data alignment and prefetching. In addition, we investigate the impact of hyperthreading and thread affinity on performance, a topic that appears under researched in the literature. As a result, we achieve what we believe is the fastest published top-down BFS algorithm on the version of Xeon Phi used in our experiments. The vectorized BFS top-down source code presented in this paper can be available on request as free-to-use software.
Old and New Patterns of Corruption in Poland and the USSR

One of the first signs that changes were coming in the Soviet Union was the anti-corruption drive undertaken by Andropov. He used this campaign as a weapon against the Brezhnev faction, accusing the late leader's family and followers of extravagant corruption. More than a simple tactical maneuver, Andropov's campaign was seen as an important component of a general overhaul of the Soviet system. After the Chernenko interlude, when the anti-corruption campaign was abandoned, Gorbachev resumed this policy and turned the struggle against corruption into one of the major battle-cries of perestroika. The study of corruption in communist countries is more than simply an intellectual exercise since corruption is an integral, structural element of these systems.
Ruminal Fermentation of Anti-Methanogenic Nitrate- and Nitro-Containing Forages In Vitro

Nitrate, 3-nitro-1-propionic acid (NPA) and 3-nitro-1-propanol (NPOH) can accumulate in forages and be poisonous to animals if consumed in high enough amounts. These chemicals are also recognized as potent anti-methanogenic compounds, but plants naturally containing these chemicals have been studied little in this regard. Presently, we found that nitrate-, NPA-, or NPOH-containing forages effectively decreased methane production, by 35–87%, during in vitro fermentation by mixed cultures of ruminal microbes compared to fermentation by cultures incubated similarly with alfalfa. Methane production was further decreased during the incubation of mixed cultures also inoculated with Denitrobacterium detoxificans, a ruminal bacterium known to metabolize nitrate, NPA, and NPOH. Inhibition of methanogens within the mixed cultures was greatest with the NPA- and NPOH-containing forages. Hydrogen accumulated in all the mixed cultures incubated with forages containing nitrate, NPA or NPOH and was dramatically higher, exceeding 40 μmol hydrogen/mL, in mixed cultures incubated with NPA-containing forage but not inoculated with D. detoxificans. This possibly reflects the inhibition of hydrogenase-catalyzed uptake of hydrogen produced via conversion of 50 μmol added formate per milliliter to hydrogen. Accumulations of volatile fatty acids revealed compensatory changes in fermentation in mixed cultures incubated with the nitrate-, NPA-, and NPOH-containing forages as evidenced by lower accumulations of acetate, and in some cases, higher accumulations of butyrate and lower accumulations of ammonia, iso-buytrate, and iso-valerate compared to cultures incubated with alfalfa. Results reveal that nitrate, NPA, and NPOH that accumulate naturally in forages can be made available within ruminal incubations to inhibit methanogenesis. Further research is warranted to determine if diets can be formulated with nitrate-, NPA-, and NPOH-containing forages to achieve efficacious mitigation in ruminant methane emissions without adversely affecting fermentative efficiency or risking toxicity to animals.
Estimating Additive and Non-Additive Genetic Variances and Predicting Genetic Merits Using Genome-Wide Dense Single Nucleotide Polymorphism Markers

Non-additive genetic variation is usually ignored when genome-wide markers are used to study the genetic architecture and genomic prediction of complex traits in human, wild life, model organisms or farm animals. However, non-additive genetic effects may have an important contribution to total genetic variation of complex traits. This study presented a genomic BLUP model including additive and non-additive genetic effects, in which additive and non-additive genetic relation matrices were constructed from information of genome-wide dense single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. In addition, this study for the first time proposed a method to construct dominance relationship matrix using SNP markers and demonstrated it in detail. The proposed model was implemented to investigate the amounts of additive genetic, dominance and epistatic variations, and assessed the accuracy and unbiasedness of genomic predictions for daily gain in pigs. In the analysis of daily gain, four linear models were used: 1) a simple additive genetic model (MA), 2) a model including both additive and additive by additive epistatic genetic effects (MAE), 3) a model including both additive and dominance genetic effects (MAD), and 4) a full model including all three genetic components (MAED). Estimates of narrow-sense heritability were 0.397, 0.373, 0.379 and 0.357 for models MA, MAE, MAD and MAED, respectively. Estimated dominance variance and additive by additive epistatic variance accounted for 5.6% and 9.5% of the total phenotypic variance, respectively. Based on model MAED, the estimate of broad-sense heritability was 0.506. Reliabilities of genomic predicted breeding values for the animals without performance records were 28.5%, 28.8%, 29.2% and 29.5% for models MA, MAE, MAD and MAED, respectively. In addition, models including non-additive genetic effects improved unbiasedness of genomic predictions.
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus during Pregnancy, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates, 2013

As of June 19, 2015, the World Health Organization had received 1,338 notifications of laboratory-confirmed infection with Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV). Little is known about the course of or treatment for MERS-CoV in pregnant women. We report a fatal case of MERS-CoV in a pregnant woman administered combination ribavirin–peginterferon-α therapy.
EMPATÍA Y AGRESIVIDAD FÍSICA Y VERBAL EN LA INFANCIA TARDÍA

El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido investigar la relacion entre la empatia y la agresividad fisica y verbal en ninos de 9 a 13 anos de edad. Para esto, se administro la escala de empatia Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis, 1980) y el Cuestionario de Agresividad Fisica y Verbal (Caprara & Pastorelli, 1993) a una muestra de 613 alumnos de 5to, 6to y 7mo grado de la ciudad de Buenos Aires. Mediante el Analisis de la varianza, se analizaron diferencias de sexo para las variables evaluadas. Posteriormente se realizaron regresiones lineales multiples, para analizar la relacion entre las variables. Los resultados mostraron que las ninas presentan mayores niveles de empatia, en sus 4 factores, y menores niveles de agresividad fisica y verbal, en comparacion a los varones. Las regresiones multiples mostraron que la Toma de Perspectiva y la Preocupacion Empatica son dos variables relevantes para prevenir los impulsos agresivos. Esta informacion resulta relevante al momento de conocer con mas profundidad los factores que modulan los comportamientos agresivos en los ninos, a la vez que resulta fundamental al momento de disenar intervenciones escolares mas eficaces,que busquen propiciar las conductas de cooperacion y prevenir o disminuir las distintas formas de agresividad. Palabras clave Empatia, Agresividad fisica y verbal, Ninos, Genero ABSTRACT EMPATHY AND PHYSICAL AND VERBAL AGGRESSION IN LATE CHILDHOOD The present research aims to investigate the relationship between empathy and physical and verbal aggression in children aged 9 to 13 years old. In order to do this, we administered the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (Davis, 1980) and the Physical and Verbal Aggression Scale (Caprara & Pastorelli, 1993) to a sample of 613 students attending 5th, 6th and 7th grade, in the city of Buenos Aires. An Analysis of Variance was conducted to examine gender differences in empathy and aggression, and linear regressions analyses were conducted to analyze the relationship between independent and dependent variables. Results showed that girls presented higher levels in the four factors of empathy and lower levels of physical and verbal aggression, compared to boys. Multiple regressions showed that Perspective Taking and Empathic Concern are two relevant variables that can prevent aggressive impulses. This research contributes to identify the factors that modulate aggressive behaviors in children, and provide useful information to design efficient school interventions aiming to increment prosocial behaviors and diminish different types of aggression. Key words Empathy, Physical and verbal aggression, Children, Gender
Arterial hypoxaemia in cirrhosis: fact or fiction?

Background—Although low arterial oxygen tension (Po 2) has been claimed to occur in one to two thirds of patients with cirrhosis, hypoxaemia appears to be rare in clinical practice. Aims—To assess the frequency of arterial hypoxaemia in cirrhosis in relation to clinical and haemodynamic characteristics. Patients—One hundred and forty two patients with cirrhosis without significant hepatic encephalopathy (grades 0–I) (41 patients in Child class A, 57 in class B, and 44 in class C) and 21 patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Results—Mean Po 2 in kPa was 11.3 in Child class A, 10.8 in class B, 10.6 in class C, and 10.6 in patients with encephalopathy (p<0.05). The fraction of patients with Po 2 below the lower normal limit of 9.6 kPa was 10%, 28%, 25%, and 43%, respectively in class A, B, C, and in patients with encephalopathy (p<0.05). Oxygen saturation (So 2) in these groups was respectively: 96%, 96%, 96%, and 93% (NS). So 2 was below the lower limit of 92% in 0%, 9%, 7%, and 24% (p<0.05). In patients without hepatic encephalopathy, a multivariate regression analysis revealed that independent determinants of a low Po 2 were a high arterial carbon dioxide tension, a low systemic vascular resistance, and a low indocyanine green clearance (p<0.0001). Conclusion—The prevalence of arterial hypoxaemia in cirrhosis is about 22% in patients without encephalopathy, but it varies from 10–40% depending on the degree of hepatic dysfunction. Arterial hypoxaemia in patients with cirrhosis of differing severity seems lower than previously reported, and patients with severe arterial hypoxaemia are rare.
Experimental dynamic identification of a fully parallel robot

This paper deals with the experimental identification of the dynamic parameters of parallel machines. The dynamic parameters are estimated by using the weighted least squares solution of an over determined linear system obtained from the sampling of the dynamic model along a closed loop exciting trajectory. Experimental results are exhibited for the H4 robot, a fully parallel structure providing 3 degrees of freedom (DOF) in translation and 1 DOF in rotation. A comparative study is performed depending on the available measurements, i.e., different sensor locations (motor, end effector).
Epidemiology of Heart Failure in Korea: Present and Future

Background and Objectives Heart failure (HF) is an important healthcare issue because of its high mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs. The number of HF patients is increasing worldwide as a consequence of aging of the population. However, there are limited studies on the prevalence of HF in Korea. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of HF, its comorbidities, and the projected population with HF in the future. Materials and Methods The prevalence and comorbidity estimates of HF were determined using data from the 2002-2013 National Sample Cohort based on the National Health Information Database. We calculated the projected prevalence of HF by multiplying the estimated prevalence in 2013 by the projected population counts for 2015-2040. Results The prevalence of HF in Korea was estimated to be 1.53% in 2013. The prevalence of HF in Korea is expected to increase by 2-fold, from 1.60% in 2015 to 3.35% in 2040. By 2040, more than 1.7 million Koreans are expected to have HF. In terms of comorbid diseases of HF, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus were common (45.4%, 43.6%, and 49.1% in 2013, respectively). The prevalence rates of arrhythmia, valvular disease, and cardiomyopathy in HF patients were approximately 22.6%, 5.6%, and 3.1% in 2013, respectively. Conclusion This is the first nationwide report in Korea to demonstrate the prevalence and comorbidities of HF. These data may be used for the prevention and management of HF in Korea.
Simulation of the Humanoid Running Robot Based on ADAMS

The virtual model of the humanoid running robot is built by using the software ADAMS. With this model, one can research the problem how to realize the running of a humanoid robot without the physical model of the robot. In addition, a method of realizing running for the robot based on virtual leg is proposed. The robot can run stably by planning the trajectory of the center of mass (COM) and the trajectory of two feet of the robot. The trajectory of the COM of the robot is mainly planned by the dynamic equation of the virtual leg of the robot. After this method is used in the virtual model of the robot, the robot can run at a speed of 2.9m/s. The simulation results show the validity of this method.
CONGENITAL CLEFT LIP AND PALATE.

Some babies with cleft lip also have a cleft palate. A cleft palate is an opening in the roof of the mouth. The palate is the top, or “roof,” of the mouth. It separates the mouth from the nose and is made up of 2 parts: the bony hard palate at the front of the mouth and the soft palate at the rear of the mouth. This happens when the sides of the palate do not completely join. A cleft palate occurs early in development during pregnancy.
Occupational Therapy in Community Mental Health Teams: A Continuing Dilemma? Role Theory Offers an Explanation

Occupational therapists working in community mental health teams (CMHTs) experience the difficulty of balancing the expectations of their profession with those of the team, their employers, the purchasers and the client group within the wider context of health care. This paper uses role theory as a framework to examine why occupational therapists may perceive threats to their professional identity and experience pressure to conform to the defined CMHT ‘role set’. It examines the concepts of role definition, role signs, role ambiguity, role incompatibility and role conflict and the resulting role stress. Occupational therapists need to identify their role problems and either develop strategies to resolve them or suffer role strain. Conformity to the expectations of the role set may mean becoming less effective and less able to distinguish their role from that of the other members of the CMHT. This will have very real consequences for the future of occupational therapy within both CMHTs and the wider context of health care.
Applicability of pocket ultrasound during the first trimester of pregnancy.

AIM To determine the applicability of pocket ultrasound as a complementary method for clinical evaluation during the first trimester of pregnancy. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with 86 pregnant women attended in an emergency. The same operator performed the first examination with pocket device Vscan (General Electric, Vingmed Ultrasound, Horten, Norway) and then repeated the exam using a traditional handset high resolution Voluson 730 Expert (General Electric Healthcare Ultrasound, Milwaukee, WI, USA). Data were recorded with individual diagnoses by means of yes/no binary as the visualization of variables: gestational sac, embryo, embryo heartbeat, topical or ectopic pregnancy. Concordance was calculated using the kappa coefficient with its respective 95% confidential intervals (CI). RESULTS There was no disagreement between the methods when compared the pocket and conventional ultrasounds. The best comparative result between the devices was as the visualization of the embryo heartbeat with kappa coefficient of 0.84 (95% CI 0.76 to 0.89). However, the pocket ultrasound had a low correlation for diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy, with kappa coefficient of -0.02 (95% CI -0.23 to 0.19). The smaller structure visualized and studied using the pocket ultrasound was an embryo of 3.4 mm. CONCLUSIONS The method of pocket ultrasound has the potential to become a complementary and easy access for diagnostic tool in obstetric patients during the first trimester. However, in ectopic pregnancy cases the diagnosis should be realized by conventional ultrasound.
Beyond Industrial Relations: Work Choices and the Reshaping of Labour, Class and the Commonwealth

The meaning of WorkChoices for labour, for organised labour, is problematical indeed given such a massive re-alignment of class and state power and ideology. The aims of the new Act are may require a concomitant re-ordering of the union movement and may prove to be the greatest re-working of employment regulation Australia has seen.
Characterization of a Unique GATA Family Gene That Responds to Both Light and Cytokinin in Arabidopsis thaliana

For higher plants, light is an important external signal, whereas cytokinin acts as an internal hormonal signal, and both are crucial for almost all aspects of development and physiological states. Here we identified and characterized a unique gene, CGA1, encoding a GATA factor, whose expression was rapidly induced by both the light and cytokinin signals in Arabidopsis thaliana.
Chromatin Structure of the Simian Virus 40 Late Promoter: a Deletional Analysis

ABSTRACT The goal of this study was to determine the minimal sequence within the simian virus 40 (SV40) late promoter region, nucleotides (nt) 255 to 424, capable of phasing nucleosomes as measured by its ability to confer the greatest endonuclease sensitivity on adjacent DNA sequences. To identify the minimal sequence, a deletional analysis of the late region was performed by utilizing a SV40 recombinant reporter system. The reporter system consisted of a series of unique restriction sites introduced into SV40 at nt 2666. The unique restriction sites allowed the insertion of test sequences as well as measurement of conferred endonuclease sensitivity. The results of the deletional analysis demonstrated that constructs capable of conferring the greatest nuclease sensitivities consistently included nt 255 to 280. The activator protein 4 (AP-4) and GTIIC transcription factor binding sequences lie within this region and were analyzed individually. Their abilities to confer nuclease sensitivity upon the reporter nearly matched that of the entire late domain. These results suggest that transcription factors AP-4 and transcription-enhancing factor which binds the GTIIC sequence are able to confer significant levels of nuclease sensitivity and are likely involved in the formation of the SV40 nucleosome-free region.
Tympanometry Versus Direct Middle Ear Pressure Measurement in an Artificial Model: Is Tympanometry an Accurate Method to Measure Middle Ear Pressure?

Hypothesis Indirect tympanometric pressure measurements of the middle ear (ME) do not correspond to direct pressure measurements. Background Tympanometry is an accepted method for estimating ME pressures. These pressure values are different, however, when measurements are made directly. Materials and Methods Negative pressures were induced by volume changes in an artificial ME model with various “mastoid” volumes. Both tympanometric and direct pressure measurements were obtained simultaneously. Results A substantial difference was demonstrated between tympanometric and direct pressure measurements. There was a linear correlation between tympanometry and direct pressures between −46.8 and −93.6 mmH2O, with a tympanometric overestimation of 40% to 20%, respectively. The smaller the “mastoid” volume, the greater the overestimation. The correlation was not linear for direct pressures between zero and −46.8 mmH2O. Tympanometric overestimation was greatest (i.e., 4–14-times the actual pressure) in the pressure range between zero and −12 mmH2O. Conclusions Tympanometry does not yield precise ME pressure values. In a model with a larger “mastoid” and an actual pressure range of −46.8 to −93.6 mmH2O tympanometric readings are somewhat less unreliable (error of 40%–20%). However, tympanometry is in error of more than 400% in a model with a small mastoid in which the actual ME pressure is only slightly negative (i.e., range between −3.9 and −46.8 mmH2O). Therefore, this study implies that tympanometry has little use for measuring ME pressure especially in chronic ears or their sequelae that are usually characterized by having small negative pressures and small mastoids.
Microbiological safety of street vended fruit chats in Patiala city.

Street-vended foods are appreciated for their unique flavours and convenience, as well as for maintaining the nutritional status of the population. They also assure food security for low–income urban population and livelihood for a significant proportion of the population in many developing countries. In spite of these potential benefits, street foods have been reported to be contaminated with pathogens and have also been implicated in food-borne epidemics. Raw foods, especially ready-to-eat salad vegetables, sprouts and cut fruits have been implicated in outbreaks of food borne diseases in both developed and developing countries. ‘Fruit chats’ comprising of slices of banana, guava, papaya and apple with a dash of salt and lemon juice enjoy a very high consumer preference in Northern, Western and Eastern parts of India. Fruit chats are usually consumed as a nutritious midday meal or as an accompaniment to meals and like all street foods are exposed to the abundant sources of contamination and could be important in causing food borne illnesses to consumers. In the present study, we selected the city of Patiala to assess the microbiological safety of fruit chats where the latter is appreciated and consumed by people across the socio economic spectrum.