Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Asymmetric Drug-Induced Parkinsonism and Psychopathology: A Prospective Naturalistic Study in Long-Stay Psychiatric Patients

Background Drug-induced parkinsonism (DIP) is the most common movement disorder induced by antipsychotics. Although DIP is mostly symmetric, asymmetric DIP is reported in a substantial part of the patients. We investigated the frequency of motor asymmetry in DIP and its relationship to the severity of psychopathology in long-stay psychiatric patients. Methods We obtained data from a cohort study of 207 long-stay psychiatric patients on the frequency and risk factors of tardive dyskinesia, akathisia, tardive dystonia, and DIP. From July 2003 to May 2007 (mean follow-up, 1.1 year) drug-induced movement disorders were assessed at least two times in each patient, with a frequency of persistent DIP of 56.2%. All patients who had at least one time parkinsonism in the upper/lower limb(s) were included for analyses (190 patients, 79 women; mean age, 48.0 ± 12.9 years). The Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale motor scale was used to calculate the frequency of asymmetric parkinsonism. Multilevel mixed models were built to explore the relationship between asymmetry in parkinsonism and the severity of psychopathology, measured on the Clinical Global Impression-Schizophrenia scale severity index (CGI-SCH SI). Results The frequency of asymmetric parkinsonism was 20.8%. Asymmetry in parkinsonism was associated with symptom severity on all CGI-SCH SI scales (β range, 0.37–3.74) and significantly associated with the positive symptom scale (β, 3.74; 95% CI, 0.35–7.31). Conclusion DIP is asymmetric in a substantial part of patients. Asymmetric presentation of DIP is of clinical relevance as it is related to the severity of psychopathology and may alert the clinician of more severe psychopathology. Future research is recommended to provide insight into the neuropsychopathology and clinical value of asymmetric parkinsonism for psychiatric patients.
Predictors of the Degree of Positive Earnings Surprises

This study identifies the predictors of positive earnings surprises at varying levels of earnings surprises under strong and weak business conditions (2014 and 2010, respectively). It measures the impact on surprises of a unique and diverse set of predictors such as analyst coverage and industry type which are security characteristics and sales and cash flow that emanate from financial statements. The study employs technology stocks that were found on the NASDAQ as such stocks have reported high positive earnings surprises from 2013-2015 [1]. The entire population of positive earnings surprises for 8316 NASDAQ stocks in 2010 and 2014 was used. Event studies were used to measure abnormal return and abnormal volume at earnings announcement, while multiple regressions tested the influence of the predictors of positive earnings surprises including number of analysts, sales, cash flow and industry type. Number of analysts significantly predicted positive earnings surprises of 100% regardless of business condition, while sales and industry type showed similar results for weak business conditions. Cash flow explained positive earnings surprises in the 21% - 30% earnings surprises range for weak business conditions, while industry type was significant in the 100% earnings surprises categories for strong business conditions.
Anxiety and Depression: A Cross-sectional Survey among Parents of Children with Cancer

Context: Parents of children with cancer are experiencing high levels of psychological distress. Elevated levels of depression and anxiety following the disclosure of diagnosis affect many aspects of parents' health. Aims: The aim of this study was to assess anxiety and depression of parents of Iranian children with cancer. Settings and Design: This descriptive-correlational study was undertaken among 148 parents of children with cancer admitted to a pediatric hospital affiliated to Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz/Iran. Subjects and Methods: Participants were selected using convenience sampling method. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was used to evaluate patients' levels of anxiety and depression. Statistical Analysis Used: The data were analyzed using SPSS version 13.0. Results: The study findings showed that the mean anxiety and depression scores were 9.63 ± 3.69 and 8.66 ± 4.59 (range score: 0–21), respectively. Additionally, 41.2% (n = 61) and 32.4% (n = 48) of participants had clinical symptoms of anxiety and depression, respectively. Conclusions: Parents of children with cancer experienced high levels of anxiety and depression. Effective interventions are essential to improve the mental health of parents of children with cancer. These interventions may include mental health screening, psychological counseling, and training programs to cope with the problems caused by the child's disease.
Human Mitochondrial Transcription Factor B2 Is Required for Promoter Melting during Initiation of Transcription*

The mitochondrial transcription initiation machinery in humans consists of three proteins: the RNA polymerase (POLRMT) and two accessory factors, transcription factors A and B2 (TFAM and TFB2M, respectively). This machinery is required for the expression of mitochondrial DNA and the biogenesis of the oxidative phosphorylation system. Previous experiments suggested that TFB2M is required for promoter melting, but conclusive experimental proof for this effect has not been presented. Moreover, the role of TFB2M in promoter unwinding has not been discriminated from that of TFAM. Here we used potassium permanganate footprinting, DNase I footprinting, and in vitro transcription from the mitochondrial light-strand promoter to study the role of TFB2M in transcription initiation. We demonstrate that a complex composed of TFAM and POLRMT was readily formed at the promoter but alone was insufficient for promoter melting, which only occurred when TFB2M joined the complex. We also show that mismatch bubble templates could circumvent the requirement of TFB2M, but TFAM was still required for efficient initiation. Our findings support a model in which TFAM first recruits POLRMT to the promoter, followed by TFB2M binding and induction of promoter melting.
Bank Mergers and Crime: The Real and Social Effects of Credit Market Competition

Using a unique sample of commercial loans and mergers between large banks, we provide microlevel (within-county) evidence linking credit conditions to economic development and find a spillover effect on crime. Neighborhoods that experienced more bank mergers are subjected to higher interest rates, diminished local construction, lower prices, an influx of poorer households, and higher property crime in subsequent years. The elasticity of property crime with respect to merger-induced banking concentration is 0.18. We show that these results are not likely due to reverse causation, and confirm the central findings using state branching deregulation to instrument for bank competition.
d-&dgr;-Tocotrienol-Mediated Suppression of the Proliferation of Human PANC-1, MIA PaCa-2, and BxPC-3 Pancreatic Carcinoma Cells

Objective The rate-limiting activity of the mevalonate pathway, 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase, provides intermediates essential for growth. Competitive inhibitors of HMG CoA reductase, such as the statins, and down-regulators of reductase, such as the tocotrienols, suppress tumor growth. We evaluated the impact of d-&dgr;-tocotrienol, the most potent vitamin E isomer, on human MIA PaCa-2 and PANC-1 pancreatic carcinoma cells and BxPC-3 pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cells. Methods Cell proliferation was measured by using CellTiter 96 Aqueous One Solution (Promega, Madison, Wis). Cell cycle distribution was determined by flow cytometry. Apoptosis was evaluated by Annexin V staining and fluorescence microscopy after dual staining with acridine orange and ethidium bromide. Results d-&dgr;-Tocotrienol induced concentration-dependent suppression of cell proliferation with 50% inhibitory concentrations of 28 (6) &mgr;mol/L (MIA PaCa-2), 35 (7) &mgr;mol/L (PANC-1), and 35 (8) &mgr;mol/L (BxPC-3), respectively. These effects are attributable to cell cycle arrest at the G1 phase and apoptosis. Mevalonate attenuated d-&dgr;-tocotrienol-mediated growth inhibition. A physiologically attainable blend of d-&dgr;-tocotrienol and lovastatin synergistically suppressed the proliferation of MIA PaCa-2 cells. Conclusions Suppression of mevalonate pathway activities, be it by modulators of HMG CoA reductase (statins, tocotrienols, and farnesol), farnesyl transferase (farnesyl transferase inhibitors), and/or mevalonate pyrophosphate decarboxylase (phenylacetate) activity, may have a potential in pancreatic cancer chemotherapy.
Diabetic macular oedema: evidence‐based treatment recommendations for Asian countries

Diabetic macular oedema is the most common cause of diabetic retinopathy‐induced vision loss. Efficacy of anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor therapy in diabetic macular oedema has been demonstrated in randomized controlled trials. An Asian‐specific guideline for diabetic macular oedema treatment is needed as patients in Asia tend to present with far more advanced disease than seen elsewhere in the world. Previous reviews of diabetic macular oedema management lacked a broader assessment of anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor treatment choices and newer trials. Recent clinical trial data allow head‐to‐head comparisons between the different anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor agents and treatment regimens. This review aims to summarize the clinical evidence related to various treatment regimens for clinicians, with a focus on anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor therapies, and to provide guidance on the treatment of diabetic macular oedema in Asian patients.
Mucocutaneous Manifestations in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Cross-sectional Study

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD)-associated mucocutaneous manifestations significantly impair the quality of life but often remain understudied. They may also vary across regions, socioeconomic and nutritional status, and racial differences. Objectives: To study the patterns of mucocutaneous disorders and their prevalence in CKD patients irrespective of clinical stage or dialysis status. Materials and Methods: 122 (M:F = 77:45) patients aged 21‒85 (Mean ± SD = 57.5 ± 14.0) years having CKD for 3 month to 5 years were studied for mucocutaneous manifestations. Fifty (41%) patients were on hemodialysis for 1‒42 months. Detailed medical history, clinical and mucocutaneous examination, and lab investigations were performed. KOH mounts, skin biopsy, Gram's and Giemsa staining, bacterial or fungal cultures were performed as required. Results: Xerosis in 93 (76.2%), skin pallor in 61 (50%), pruritus in 57 (46.7%), pigmentation in 47 (38.5%), and purpura in 18 (14.8%) patients were the major dermatoses. Bullous lesions and perforating folliculitis occurred in 3 (2.5%) patients each. Major nail abnormalities were pallor (in 35.2%), absent lunula (in 23.8%), nail discoloration (in 18%), and “half-and-half nails” in 16.4% patients, respectively. Hair abnormalities included sparse scalp and body hairs (in 35.2% and 13.1%, respectively) and lusterless hair in 12.3% patients. Coated tongue (in 14.8%), xerostomia (in 12.3%), and macroglossia with teeth indention (in 7.4%) patients were the mucosal manifestations. Conclusions: Xerosis, pruritus, skin pallor/pigmentary changes, nail pallor, absent lunula, nail discoloration, sparse hairs, coated tongue, xerostomia, macroglossia, and infections were the most common mucocutaneous manifestations in the studied patients irrespective of hemodialysis status. Cold and dry climates might be additional aggravators for xerosis/pruritus. Lifelong follow-up may be needed to reduce the morbidity associated with CKD/hemodialysis specific dermatoses appearing over a period.
Forward Guidance without Common Knowledge

How does the economy respond to news about future policies or future fundamentals? Standard practice assumes that agents have common knowledge of such news and face no uncertainty about how others will respond. Relaxing this assumption attenuates the general equilibrium effects of news and rationalizes a form of myopia at the aggregate level. We establish these insights within a class of games which nests, but is not limited to, the New Keynesian model. Our results help resolve the forward-guidance puzzle, offer a rationale for the front-loading of fiscal stimuli, and illustrate more broadly the fragility of predictions that rest on long series of forward-looking feedback loops. (JEL D82, D83, D84, E12, E23, E52, E62)
Bringing the Classroom into the World: Three Reflective Case Studies of Designing Mobile Technology to Support Blended Learning for the Built and Landscaped Environment

We describe and reflect on three case studies of developing fieldwork for tertiary students of architectural history, landscape history and urban design. In each case, the potential of blended learning was explored through the use of mobile technology to explore designated sites as extensions of class-based learning. Two studies involved the development of apps that worked as guides for students to explore places of significance in Melbourne, while one study invited students to develop a design for a mobile app that could communicate the influence of urban design thinkers on a particular place in Sydney. We describe how these three exercises provide insights into the way that mobile technology, both real and imagined, can provide a conduit between classroom and field learning. Equally significant, we reflect on how the process of designing the apps became one of extended co-creation between student, tutors and teaching staff, also with consequence for learning.
HybridSVD: when collaborative information is not enough

We propose a new hybrid algorithm that allows incorporating both user and item side information within the standard collaborative filtering technique. One of its key features is that it naturally extends a simple PureSVD approach and inherits its unique advantages, such as highly efficient Lanczos-based optimization procedure, simplified hyper-parameter tuning and a quick folding-in computation for generating recommendations instantly even in highly dynamic online environments. The algorithm utilizes a generalized formulation of the singular value decomposition, which adds flexibility to the solution and allows imposing the desired structure on its latent space. Conveniently, the resulting model also admits an efficient and straightforward solution for the cold start scenario. We evaluate our approach on a diverse set of datasets and show its superiority over similar classes of hybrid models.
Low-velocity impact response and compression after impact assessment of recycled carbon fiber-reinforced polymer composites for future applications

The influence of recycling on the impact damage resistance of recycled carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites was investigated using low-velocity impact and compression after impact (CAI) tests. The relationships among load, force, and time were analyzed to gain insight into the damage characteristics of three types of composite laminate: virgin CF-reinforced polymer (V-CFRP), recycled CF-reinforced polymer (R-CFRP), and treated recycled CF-reinforced polymer (TR-CFRP). Special emphasis was placed on evaluating the extent of damage and the residual mechanical properties as affected by three different fiber surface states. Substantial differences were noted in the shape, area, and damage mode of impact using ultrasonic c-scanning, photography, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). V-CFRP indicated significant improvement in impact damage resistance in the form of less damage, higher residual strength, and greater shear failure angle. Damage resistance was improved up to 80% of V-CFRP by surface cleaning while R-CFRP is 50% of V-CFRP. Shear failure angle of 16° was attained from R-CFRP and it was increased to 24° when the recycled fibers were cleaned. The result of SEM showed that there was less delamination of TR-CFRP compared with R-CFRP. This work proves that the low-velocity impact response of recycled composites can rival that of virgin composites, while providing a basis for future applications of recycled carbon in many fields. POLYM. COMPOS. , 35:1494–1506, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers
FRACTURE OF PLAIN CONCRETE

The application of linear fracture mechanics to the crack propagation load of pre-cracked concrete specimens is shown to depend upon the size of the specimen. The results of twenty-four tests on cracked beams with depths ranging from 3-in to 15-in (75-mm to 375-mm) are presented in support of this conclusion. /AUTHOR/
Are negative symptoms in schizophrenia a distinct therapeutic target?

Background and aims The relationship between negative symptoms and cognition in schizophrenia is not clear, inconsistent findings have been reported by multiple authors and meta analyses. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cognition and primary negative symptoms. Methods 67 outpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia were evaluated using PANSS and the NSA-16 scale. Correlation and regression analyses were used in the present study to investigate the relationship between the primary negative symptoms and cognition. Results No relationship was found between the PANSS Cognitive factor and Negative factor, but when investigating the relationship of the Cognitive PANSS factor with the negative symptoms evaluated with the NSA-16 scale, it was shown that there is a significant association between cognition and motor retardation. Conclusions Our study reveals the relative independence of cognitive factor from the global negative domain of the psychopathology, even though the association with motor retardation was clear. These findings also support the need of using appropriate assessment tools in order to gain a more refined understanding of the phenomenology of schizophrenia.
Methylation of the HOXA10 Promoter Directs miR-196b-5p–Dependent Cell Proliferation and Invasion of Gastric Cancer Cells

The cross-talk between epigenetics and miRNA expression plays an important role in human tumorigenesis. Herein, the regulation and role of miR-196b-5p in gastric cancer was investigated. qRT-PCR demonstrated that miR-196b-5p is significantly overexpressed in human gastric cancer tissues (P < 0.01). In addition, it was determined that HOXA10, a homeobox family member and host gene for miR-196b-5p, is overexpressed and positively correlated with miR-196b-5p expression levels (P < 0.001). Quantitative pyrosequencing methylation analysis demonstrated significantly lower levels of DNA methylation at the HOXA10 promoter in gastric cancer, as compared with nonneoplastic gastric mucosa specimens. 5-Aza-2′-deoxycytidine treatment confirmed that demethylation of HOXA10 promoter induces the expression of HOXA10 and miR-196b-5p in gastric cancer cell model systems. Using the Tff1 knockout mouse model of gastric neoplasia, hypomethylation and overexpression of HOXA10 and miR-196b-5p in gastric tumors was observed, as compared with normal gastric mucosa from Tff1 wild-type mice. Mechanistically, reconstitution of TFF1 in human gastric cancer cells led to an increased HOXA10 promoter methylation with reduced expression of HOXA10 and miR-196b-5p. Functionally, miR-196b-5p reconstitution promoted human gastric cancer cell proliferation and invasion in vitro. In summary, the current data demonstrate overexpression of miR-196b-5p in gastric cancer and suggest that TFF1 plays an important role in suppressing the expression of miR-196b-5p by mediating DNA methylation of the HOXA10 promoter. Loss of TFF1 expression may promote proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells through induction of promoter hypomethylation and expression of the HOXA10/miR-196b-5p axis. Implications: This study indicates that loss of TFF1 promotes the aberrant overexpression of HOXA10 and miR-196b-5p by demethylation of the HOXA10 promoter, which provides a new perspective of TFF1/HOXA10/miR-196b-5p functions in human gastric cancer. Mol Cancer Res; 16(4); 696–706. ©2018 AACR.
Imperfect (de)convolution may introduce spurious psychophysiological interactions and how to avoid it

Psychophysiological interaction (PPI) is a widely used regression‐based method to study connectivity changes in different experimental conditions. A PPI effect is generated by point‐by‐point multiplication of a psychological variable (experimental design) and a physiological variable (time series of a seed region). If the psychological variable is non‐centered with a constant component, the constant component will add a physiological variable to the PPI term. The physiological component would in theory be accounted for by the physiological main effect in the model. But due to imperfect deconvolution and convolution with hemodynamic response function, the physiological component in PPI may no longer be exactly the same as the physiological main effect. This issue was illustrated by analyzing two block‐designed fMRI datasets, one simple visual checkerboard task and a set of different tasks designed to activate different hemispheres. When PPI was calculated with deconvolution but without centering, significant results were usually observed between regions that are known to have baseline functional connectivity. These results could be suppressed by simply centering the psychological variable when calculating the PPI term or adding a deconvolve–reconvolved version of the physiological covariate. The PPI results with centering and with deconvolve–reconvolved physiological covariate are consistent with an explicit test for differences in coupling between conditions. It was, therefore, suggested that centering of the psychological variable or the addition of a deconvolve–reconvolved covariate is necessary for PPI analysis. Hum Brain Mapp 38:1723–1740, 2017. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Real‐time estimation of dynamic functional connectivity networks

Two novel and exciting avenues of neuroscientific research involve the study of task‐driven dynamic reconfigurations of functional connectivity networks and the study of functional connectivity in real‐time. While the former is a well‐established field within neuroscience and has received considerable attention in recent years, the latter remains in its infancy. To date, the vast majority of real‐time fMRI studies have focused on a single brain region at a time. This is due in part to the many challenges faced when estimating dynamic functional connectivity networks in real‐time. In this work, we propose a novel methodology with which to accurately track changes in time‐varying functional connectivity networks in real‐time. The proposed method is shown to perform competitively when compared to state‐of‐the‐art offline algorithms using both synthetic as well as real‐time fMRI data. The proposed method is applied to motor task data from the Human Connectome Project as well as to data obtained from a visuospatial attention task. We demonstrate that the algorithm is able to accurately estimate task‐related changes in network structure in real‐time. Hum Brain Mapp 38:202–220, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.