Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acute ureterolithiasis: nonenhanced helical CT findings of perinephric edema for prediction of degree of ureteral obstruction.

PURPOSE To determine whether the extent of perinephric edema on helical computed tomographic (CT) images without contrast material enhancement can be used to predict the degree of ureteral obstruction in patients with acute ureterolithiasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nonenhanced helical CT and excretory urographic images in 82 patients with flank pain were retrospectively reviewed. For each patient, a radiologic diagnosis was established, and the degree of ureteral obstruction determined on urograms was compared with the extent of perinephric edema assessed on CT images. RESULTS None of 29 patients with no abnormalities seen at urography had evidence of perinephric edema at CT. Of six patients with noncalculous disease, two with acute pyelonephritis had perinephric edema at CT. Of 47 patients with acute ureterolithiasis, eight had no perinephric edema at CT and a nonobstructing calculus at urography, 21 had limited edema at CT and low-grade obstruction at urography, and 15 had extensive edema at CT and high-grade obstruction at urography. Three patients had extensive perinephric edema at CT but low-grade obstruction at urography. The extent of edema allowed accurate prediction of the degree of ureteral obstruction in 44 (94%) of 47 patients with acute ureterolithiasis. CONCLUSION The extent of perinephric edema on nonenhanced helical CT images can be used to predict the degree of ureteral obstruction in acute ureterolithiasis.
Identifying typologies of rural areas based on the importance of different public goods and bads

The provision of public goods by agriculture and forestry has been one of the major topics of the policy debate in recent decades. From an economic point of view, public intervention related to pubic goods is justified by the fact that, due to their nature, markets do not provide prices for public goods and, as a consequence, do not allow to reach an optimal level of provision. Research has tried to deal with this topic in different ways. One pathway tries to attach a value to public goods provision to support related decision making, either using monetary or non monetary techniques. In this study we try to address those issues through the identification of typologies of rural areas within Europe based on the relevance assigned by local stakeholders operating in the field of agriculture and forestry in different European countries to different bundles of public goods and bads. In this survey, the PGBs provided by agriculture and forestry that stakeholders scored the highest are considered to be a proxy of society demand for those PGBs. The results indicated that water-related issues are the most relevant environmental concerns in the context of agriculture and forestry. However, we highlighted different relevance of PGs across regions, consistently with most of the studies addressing this issue and with known evidence about the variety of different local conditions in the EU. We identified a large group of respondents attributing a greater relevance to the Public Goods with more prounonced social dimension (in particular ‘rural viability and vitality’) with respect to the more environmental. The same group of respondents also assigned a greater importance to a few environmental Public Bads (e.g. ‘Biodiversity losses’) suggesting that PGBs are perceived as linked to specific components of the Socio-Ecological Capital (e.g. water), which are qualified depending on (threshold-related) levels.
Linkages and Spillovers from Foreign Ownership in the Indian Pharmaceutical Firms

The paper examines the spillover and linkage effects from the presence of foreign firms in the Indian pharmaceutical industry. A comprehensive panel data consisting of nearly 200 firms from 1989 to 2000 was used in the current study. The recent semi-parametric estimation methods as suggested by Olley and Pakes (1996) and Levinsohn and Petrin (2003) were adopted to account for the endogeneity in the input demand. Our results suggest the existence of positive and significant spillover from the foreign equity ownership in the Indian pharmaceutical industry. However, we also found negative and significant spillovers from the backward linkages with foreign firms. The negative spillovers from the backward linkages suggest the possibility of large technology and efficiency gap between local and foreign firms. The results also suggest that institutional arrangements that protect intellectual property rights such as product patents as opposed to process patents will be important for establishing positive linkages and spillovers between local and foreign firms in the Indian pharmaceutical industry.
FACTORS INFLUENCING THE ADOPTION OF E-PROCUREMENT: A CASE OF GARISSA COUNTY GOVERNMENT

Public Procurement and Disposal Act 2005 that saw the creation of Public Procurement Oversight Authority which bore the e-government strategy paper 2004.e -procurement was one of the medium term objectives which was to be implemented by June 2007. The government has however dragged the implementation largely due to the new political dispensation. E-procurement systems have proven benefits and its implementation is in line with the current times, the digital era. It was thus in order to establish preparedness of the county government created in the new dispensation. A survey research design was employed in this study. Procurement staff in Garissa County was the target population in this study. Key Words: Adoption, E-Procurement
Object relations and attachment styles in adulthood

Attachment theory and object relations theory both describe interpersonal relationships from childhood throughout the life span. The goal of the research was to investigate the relatedness between dimensions of object relations and attachment styles in adulthood. 176 undergraduate students from University of Ljubljana filled out the Test of Object Relations (Žvelc, 1998) and Relationship Questionnaire (Bartholomew and Horowitz, 1991). Research results showed that there exist significant and theoretically consistent correlations between object relations and attachment styles in adulthood. The secure attachment style refers to a low expression of dependence and alienation dimensions of object relations. The preoccupied attachment style is positively correlated to the dependence dimension. The results of the research confirmed the need for differentiating avoidant attachment styles into two distinctive types. As was to be expected, the fearful-avoidant attachment style is positively correlated to the dependence and alienation dimensions. Although individuals with a fearful-avoidant attachment style long for closer relationships, they are afraid of them. On the other hand, individuals with a dismissive-avoidant attachment style deny their need for relationships and appear to be self-sufficient (correlations with the self-absorption and alienation dimensions). The author proposes that in order to measure adult attachment styles, it would be beneficial to also include the reciprocity – self-absorption dimension.
THE SOUTH SANDWICH ISLANDS EARTHQUAKE OF 27 JUNE 1929: SEISMOLOGICAL STUDY AND INFERENCE ON TSUNAMI RISK FOR THE SOUTH ATLANTIC

While no large interplate thrust earthquakes are known at the South Sandwich subduction zone, historical catalogues include a number of earthquakes with reported magnitudes of 7 or more. We present a detailed seismological study of the largest one (27 June 1929; M PAS = 8.3). The earthquake relocates 80 km north of the north-western corner of the arc. Its mechanism, inverted through the PDFM method, features normal faulting on a steeply dipping fault plane ( φ = 71°, δ = 70°, λ = 272°). The seismic moment, 1.7 x 10 28 dyn.cm, supports Gutenberg and Richter’s estimate, and is 28 times the largest shallow CMT in the region. The 1929 event is interpreted as representing a lateral tear in the South Atlantic plate, comparable to similar earthquakes in Samoa and Loyalty, deemed “STEP faults” by Govers and Wortel (2005). Hydrodynamic simulations using the MOST method (Titov and Synolakis, 1997) suggest deep-water tsunami amplitudes reaching 30 cm off the coast of Brazil, where run-up should have been observable, and 20 cm along the Gulf of Guinea (Ivory Coast, Ghana). We also simulate a number of potential sources obtained by assigning the 1929 moment to the geometries of other known earthquakes in the region, namely outer-rise normal faulting events at the center of the arc and its southern extremity, and an interplate thrust fault at the southern corner, where the youngest lithosphere is subducted. A common feature of these models is the strong focusing of tsunami waves by the South Atlantic Ridge, the southwest Indian Ocean Ridge, and the Agulhas Rise, resulting in amplitudes always enhanced in Ghana, southern Mozambique and certain parts of the coast of South Africa. This study documents the potential tsunami hazard to South Atlantic shorelines from earthquakes in this region, principally normal faulting events.
THE EFFECT OF ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE ON RETURN ON ASSETS OF SELECTED NIGERIAN FIRMS

Working capital management plays a significant role in better performance of manufacturing firms. Decisions relating to working capital involve managing relationship between a firm’s short-term assets and liabilities to ensure a firm is able to continue its operations, and have sufficient cash flows to satisfy both maturing short-term debts and upcoming operational expenses at minimal costs, increasing corporate profitability. This study investigates the effects of Accounts Receivable on Return on Assets of selected Nigerian firms for the period 20002009. Data generated was used to run both cross sectional and time series regression. The results showed that Accounts Receivable had a significant negative relationship with Return on Assets which measured profitability. This implies that decrease in debt collection from debtors often leads to increase in profitability and managers can create value for shareholders by means of decreasing receivables and inventory. Size and Growth, used as control variables, showed a positive relationship with profitability also.
Detection of Bacteria Bearing Resistant Biofilm Forms, by Using the Universal and Specific PCR is Still Unhelpful in the Diagnosis of Periprosthetic Joint Infections

Intraoperative conventional bacteriological cultures were compared with different polymerase chain reaction (PCR) methods in patients with total joint arthroplasties. The isolated bacteria were investigated for biofilm formation, and the biofilm forming strains, in their planktonic and biofilm forms, were further tested for their antimicrobial resistance against several clinically important antimicrobials. Forty four bone and joint samples were included and classified as infected or non-infected according to standard criteria for periprosthetic hip and knee infections. For the bacteriological diagnosis, conventional culture, two types of universal PCR and species specific PCR for three selected pathogens (Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) were applied. Biofilm formation determination was performed by the tissue culture plate method. Antimicrobial susceptibility of the planktonic bacteria was performed by the minimal inhibitory concentration determination and, of the biofilm forms, by the minimal inhibitory concentration for bacterial regrowth from the biofilm. Twenty samples were culture positive, with S. epidermidis, S. aureus, or P. aeruginosa. All PCR methods were very ineffective in detecting only one pathogen. All isolates were biofilm positive and their biofilm forms, were highly resistant. In this study, compared to PCR, culture remains the “gold standard. ” The biofilm formation by the causative bacteria and the concomitant manifold increased antimicrobial resistance may explain the clinical failure of treatment in some cases and should be considered in the future for therapeutic planning.
Embodying the Other: Effects of Experiencing the Rubber Hand Illusion in Virtual Reality on Implicit Racial Biases

Research on the Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI) has recently begun to explore induced body ownership exercises as a means for experimentally changing implicit social attitudes. Similarly, recent innovations in Virtual Reality (VR) have lead researchers to begin investigating VR as a tool for empathy training and perspective taking. The present study addresses these two fields of research by replicating the RHI in VR, with the goal of inducing body ownership over virtual hands of racial outgroups. A race Implicit Association Test was administered to measure racial biases before and after the illusion. It was predicted that participants who experienced the illusion with the virtual hand of a race different than their own would show greater changes in performance on the post-illusion Implicit Association Test. By and large, results did not show a significant difference between the different hand conditions, though there was a marginally significant effect of racial membership on the strength of ownership during the illusion. Future research should focus on assessing pre-existing implicit attitudes, in order to clarify the question concerning which types of people benefit the most from these body ownership exercises that aim to change social biases. EMBODYING THE OTHER IN VIRTUAL REALITY 3
Democracy, rule of law, corruption incentives, and growth

We bridge the gap between the standard theory of growth and the mostly static theory of corruption. Some public investment can be diverted from its purpose by corrupt individuals. Voters determine the level of public investment subject to an incentive constraint equalizing the returns from productive and corrupt activities. We concentrate on two exogenous institutional parameters: the "technology of corruption" is the ease with which rent-seekers can capture a proportion of public spending. The "concentration of political power" is the extent to which rent-seekers have more political influence than other people. One theoretical prediction is that the effects of the two institutional parameters on income growth and equilibrium corruption are different according to the constraints that are binding at equilibrium. In particular, the effect of judicial quality on growth should be stronger when political power is concentrated. We estimate a system of equations where both corruption and income growth are determined simultaneously and show that income growth is more affected by our proxies for legal and political institutions in countries where political rights and judicial institutions respectively are limited.
Context-Aware Driver Behavior Detection System in Intelligent Transportation Systems

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) have emerged as an application of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), which use dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) to allow vehicles in close proximity to communicate with each other or to communicate with roadside equipment. Applying wireless access technology in vehicular environments has led to the improvement of road safety and a reduction in the number of fatalities caused by road accidents through development of road safety applications and facilitation of information sharing between moving vehicles regarding the road. This paper focuses on developing a novel and nonintrusive driver behavior detection system using a context-aware system in VANETs to detect abnormal behaviors exhibited by drivers and to warn other vehicles on the road to prevent accidents from happening. A five-layer context-aware architecture is proposed, which is able to collect contextual information about the driving environment, to perform reasoning about certain and uncertain contextual information, and to react upon that information. A probabilistic model based on dynamic Bayesian networks (DBNs) in real time, inferring four types of driving behavior (normal, drunk, reckless, and fatigue) by combining contextual information about the driver, the vehicle, and the environment, is presented. The dynamic behavior model can capture the static and the temporal aspects related to the behavior of the driver, thus leading to robust and accurate behavior detection. The evaluation of behavior detection using synthetic data proves the validity of our model and the importance of including contextual information about the driver, the vehicle, and the environment.
Recurrent De Novo Dominant Mutations in SLC 2 SA 4 Cause Severe Early-Onset Mitochondrial Disease and Loss of Mitochondrial DNA Copy

Thompson , K , Majd , H , Dallabona , C , Reinson , K , King , M S , Alston , C L , He , L , Lodi , T , Jones , S A , Fattal-Valevski , A , Fraenkel , N D , Saada , A , Haham , A , Isohanni , P , Vara , R , Barbosa , I A , Simpson , M A , Deshpande , C , Puusepp , S , Bonnen , P E , Rodenburg , R J , Suomalainen , A , Ounap , K , Elpeleg , O , Ferrero , I , McFarland , R , Kunji , E R S & Taylor , R W 2016 , ' Recurrent De Novo Dominant Mutations in SLC2SA4 Cause Severe Early-Onset Mitochondrial Disease and Loss of Mitochondrial DNA Copy Number ' American Journal of Human Genetics , vol 99 , no. 4 , pp. 860-876 . DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg. 2016.08. 014
The long activations of α2 glycine channels can be described by a mechanism with reaction intermediates (“flip”)

The α2 glycine receptor (GlyR) subunit, abundant in embryonic neurons, is replaced by α1 in the adult nervous system. The single-channel activity of homomeric α2 channels differs from that of α1-containing GlyRs, as even at the lowest glycine concentration (20 µM), openings occurred in long (>300-ms) groups with high open probability (Popen; 0.96; cell-attached recordings, HEK-expressed channels). Shut-time intervals within groups of openings were dominated by short shuttings of 5–10 µs. The lack of concentration dependence in the groups of openings suggests that they represent single activations, separated by very long shut times at low concentrations. Several putative mechanisms were fitted by maximizing the likelihood of the entire sequence of open and shut times, with exact missed-events allowance (program hjcfit). Records obtained at several glycine concentrations were fitted simultaneously. The adequacy of the different schemes was judged by the accuracy with which they predicted not only single-channel data but also the time course and concentration dependence of macroscopic responses elicited by rapid glycine applications to outside-out patches. The data were adequately described only with schemes incorporating a reaction intermediate in the activation, and the best was a flip mechanism with two binding sites and one open state. Fits with this mechanism showed that for α2 channels, the opening rate constant is very fast, ∼130,000 s−1, much as for α1β GlyRs (the receptor in mature synapses), but the estimated true mean open time is 20 times longer (around 3 ms). The efficacy for the flipping step and the binding affinity were lower for α2 than for α1β channels, but the overall efficacies were similar. As we previously showed for α1 homomeric receptors, in α2 glycine channels, maximum Popen is achieved when fewer than all five of the putative binding sites in the pentamer are occupied by glycine.
The influence of profitability on firm value with capital structure as the mediator and firm size and industry as moderators

The influences of profitability and leverage on firm value have long been critical with regard to financial decision making. The greater the profitability of a firm, the more assignable profit there is, and the higher is the value of the company. Profitability thus has a significantly positive influence on firm value. The pecking order theory holds that highly profitable corporations are not over-dependent on external funds, and thus profitability has a significantly negative influence on leverage. However, when the leverage increases, both agency and bankruptcy costs increase rapidly as a result. Since leverage generally has a markedly negative influence on firm value, leverage becomes the mediator variable in the influence of profitability on firm value. In addition, two moderator variables exist in the research (cid:16) industry type and firm size. It is noted that when industry type the acts as a moderator variable, it interferes with the relationship between profitability and leverage. When firm size is the moderator variable, it also interfere the relationship between profitability and leverage. The moderating effect happens in the first stage.
Passive By-Phrases in Greek and English : Adjuncts or Arguments ?

1 Passive By-Phrases in Greek and English: Adjuncts or Arguments? Nikos Angelopoulos, Chris Collins, Arhonto Terzi UCLA, NYU, TEI of W. Greece Abstract: Alexiadou et al. (2015:35) argue that Greek by-phrases merge as adjuncts. This is assumed for English and other languages by Bruening (2013) and Legate (2014). On the other hand, Hasegawa (1988), Goodall (1997, 1999), Mahajan (1994) and Collins (2018), argue that the by-phrase merges syntactically as an argument. This paper shows that in Greek and English by-phrases behave like arguments in being able to bind non-exempt anaphors. As a consequence, we argue that external arguments (in both the passive and the active) are not generated in Spec VoiceP, but rather in Spec vP, as in Chomsky (1995).
Evidence-based assessment, intervention and psychosocial care in pediatric oncology: a blueprint for comprehensive services across treatment.

OBJECTIVE This paper describes the translation of psychological research into clinical services in pediatric oncology, based on two decades of research and clinical services in the Division of Oncology at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP). METHOD Two models helpful in conceptualizing clinical care underlying intervention work at CHOP are summarized: The Pediatric Psychosocial Preventative Health Model (PPPHM; Kazak, 2006) and the Medical Traumatic Stress Model, specific to pediatric illness and injury (Kazak, Kassam-Adams et al., 2006). RESULTS Integration of these two models offers a "blueprint" for development and evaluation of services to children with cancer and their families relevant for all families across the complete spectrum of disease and treatment. CONCLUSION The dissemination of evidence-based psychosocial practice in pediatric oncology remains a large and challenging goal. The proposed blueprint may facilitate collaborative work to help assure that children with cancer and their families have access to evidence-based care.