Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Labor Market Participation of Young Married Women: Causes and Effects

The increasing labor-force participation of married women cannot be adequately explained without taking into account the change in attitudes toward women working outside the home. Attitudes continue to be an important determinant of a woman's work status but are in turn influenced by her work status. Specifically, the findings are consistent with the interpretation that husbands' attitudes tend to become unfavorable toward women in the labor market when they become used to a wife who is a fulltime homemaker. Overall, the evidence points toward continuation of recent trends in female labor-force participation, unless there is prolonged severe unemployment.
Case-based implementation of the 2017 ESC Focused Update on Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Coronary Artery Disease.

*Corresponding author: Marco Valgimigli, Swiss Cardiovascular Center, Inselspital, University of Bern, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland, Phone: þ41 31 632 96 53; Fax: þ41 31 632 47 71; e-mail: marco.valgimigli@insel.ch Full text document: Marco Valgimigli (Chairperson) (Switzerland), Héctor Bueno (Spain), Robert A. Byrne (Germany), Jean-Philippe Collet (France), Francesco Costa (Italy), Anders Jeppsson (Sweden), Peter Jüni (Canada), Adnan Kastrati (Germany), Philippe Kolh (Belgium), Laura Mauri (USA), Gilles Montalescot (France), Franz-Josef Neumann (Germany), Mate Petricevic (Croatia), Marco Roffi (Switzerland), Philippe Gabriel Steg (France), Stephan Windecker (Switzerland), Jose Luis Zamorano (Spain) 2017 ESC Focused Update on Dual Antiplatelet Therapy in Coronary Artery Disease developed in collaboration with the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery (EACTS). Eur Heart J. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx419
Questions we should ask about research into community nursing practice: a multi-ethnic perspective: Response to the paper presented by Jean McIntosh

As our communities become more and more diverse, those undertaking research into community nursing practice have a responsibility to incorporate a multi-ethnic perspective into their studies. Primary Care NHS Trusts are increasingly powerful institutions in respect to addressing the needs of minority ethnic groups. As with other public bodies, they need to demonstrate that they are promoting race equality in order to comply with the Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000. Research into the experiences of families affected by sickle cell disorders and thalassaemia are employed to illustrate nursing accountability for the quality of patient and client care.
LONG-TERM BOND STRENGTH OF ADHESIVE SYSTEMS APPLIED TO ETCHED AND DEPROTEINIZED DENTIN

The aim of this study was to evaluate the early and 12-month bond strength of two adhesive systems (Single Bond-SB and One Step-OS) applied to demineralized dentin (WH) and demineralized/NaOCl-treated dentin (H). Twenty flat dentin surfaces were exposed, etched, rinsed and slightly dried. For the H groups, a solution of 10% NaOCl was applied for 60 s, rinsed (15 s) and slightly dried. The adhesives were applied according to the manufacturer's instructions and composite resin crowns were incrementally constructed. After 24 h (water-37°C), the specimens was sectioned in order to obtain resin-dentin sticks (0.8 mm2). The specimens were tested in microtensile (0.5 mm/min) immediately (IM) or after 12 months of water storage (12M). The data (MPa) were subjected to ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=0.05). Only the main factors adhesive and time were significant (p=0.004 and p=0.003, respectively). SB (42.3±9.1) showed higher bond strengths than OS (33.6±11.6). The mean bond strength for IM-group (42.5±8.7) was statistically superior to 12M (33.3±11.8). The use of 10% NaOCl, after acid etching, did not improve the immediate and the long-term resin-dentin bond strength.
Empirically based comparisons of the reliability and validity of common quantification approaches for eyeblink startle potentiation in humans

Abstract Startle potentiation is a well‐validated translational measure of negative affect. Startle potentiation is widely used in clinical and affective science, and there are multiple approaches for its quantification. The three most commonly used approaches quantify startle potentiation as the increase in startle response from a neutral to threat condition based on (1) raw potentiation, (2) standardized potentiation, or (3) percent‐change potentiation. These three quantification approaches may yield qualitatively different conclusions about effects of independent variables (IVs) on affect when within‐ or between‐group differences exist for startle response in the neutral condition. Accordingly, we directly compared these quantification approaches in a shock‐threat task using four IVs known to influence startle response in the no‐threat condition: probe intensity, time (i.e., habituation), alcohol administration, and individual differences in general startle reactivity measured at baseline. We confirmed the expected effects of time, alcohol, and general startle reactivity on affect using self‐reported fear/anxiety as a criterion. The percent‐change approach displayed apparent artifact across all four IVs, which raises substantial concerns about its validity. Both raw and standardized potentiation approaches were stable across probe intensity and time, which supports their validity. However, only raw potentiation displayed effects that were consistent with a priori specifications and/or the self‐report criterion for the effects of alcohol and general startle reactivity. Supplemental analyses of reliability and validity for each approach provided additional evidence in support of raw potentiation.
Macular edema after cataract surgery in diabetic eyes evaluated by optical coherence tomography.

AIM To assess quantitative changes of the macula in diabetic eyes after cataract surgery using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and to estimate the incidence of development or worsening of macular edema (ME) in diabetic eyes with or without pre-existing ME. METHODS In this prospective, observational study, 92 eyes of 60 diabetic patients who underwent cataract surgery were evaluated before surgery and 1, 3mo after surgery using OCT. Macular thickness was measured with OCT at nine macular subfields defined by the 9 zones early treatment of diabetic retinopathy study (ETDRS), as well as total macular volume obtained by OCT at 1, 3mo after surgery were compared with baseline features obtained before surgery. In addition, the incidence of development or worsening of ME was analyzed in diabetic eyes with or without pre-existing ME. RESULTS The central subfield mean thickness increased 21.0 µm and 25.5 µm at 1, 3mo follow-up, respectively (P<0.01). The average thickness of inner ring and outer ring increased 14.2 µm and 9.5 µm at 1mo, 18.2 µm and 12.9 µm at 3mo. Central-involved ME developed in 12 eyes at 3mo, including 4 eyes with pre-existing central-involved and 8 eyes with pre-existing non-central involved ME. Pre-existing diabetic macular edema (DME) was significantly associated with central-involved ME development (P<0.001). CONCLUSION A statistically significant increase could be detected in the central subfield as well as perifoveal and parafoveal sectors though the increase was mild. And eyes with pre-operative DME prior to cataract surgery are at higher risk for developing central-involved ME.
Interviewing Persons with a Learning Disability: How Setting Lower Standards May Inflate Well-Being Scores

To be psychometrically valid, standard questions are meant to be delivered as they appear on the interview schedule—or by nonleading paraphrase—and the respondents’ answers exactly recorded. Yet, inspection of a set of transcripts of quality-of-life assessments of people with a learning disability (in North American terminology, mental retardation) shows massive deviation from this ideal. What is unsurprising is that interviewers frequently edit questions to address their interviewees’ limited cognitive competence. What is more pragmatically and interactionally interesting is that interviewers also redesign questions “sensitively” in ways that lower the social and personal criteria for a high score. Unofficially lowering the bar in this way might seem generous, but it constructs the respondent as impaired. It also means that respondents may end up getting high quality-of-life scores on unambitious questions one would not ask of people without a learning disability and that do not appear on the official questionnaire.
Mental Models: Concepts for Human-Computer Interaction Research

Abstract In interacting with the world, people form internal representations or mental models of themselves and the objects with which they interact (Norman, 1983a). According to Norman, mental models provide predictive and explanatory powers for understanding the interaction. More abstractly, Gentner and Stevens (1983) propose that mental models focus on the way people understand a specific knowledge domain. More concretely, Carroll (1984) views mental models as information that is input into cognitive structures and processes. What are mental models? Are they always formed? When formed, what are their characteristics? What are the functional consequences of having no model (if that is possible), an immature model, or a mature model? This paper intends to explore these questions.
Histopathological findings of the lung and trachea in sudden infant death syndrome: review of 105 cases autopsied at Dade County Medical Examiner Department.

A histopathological study of respiratory tract in sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) was performed on the case files of Dade County Medical Examiner Department, Miami, Florida, U.S.A. over a span of 40 months from September 1989 through December 1992. Microscopic slides of the lung and trachea were collected from 105 SIDS cases and reviewed. Fifty cases of sudden infant death of recognized causes were also analyzed as a control. The microscopic findings with its severity were recorded on each case. Two major findings, namely pulmonary congestion and edema were noted in 83 and 76% of SIDS cases respectively, and in 72 and 60% of explained deaths. No differences were statistically significant between two groups despite the slight dominance in SIDS cases. Some "typical" findings such as increase of alveolar macrophages, emphysema and atelectasis mainly due to cardiopulmonary resuscitations were commonly found. However, statistical analysis of the incidence of these findings failed to disclose any significant difference. Acute and/or chronic inflammation of the trachea was noted in 21% of SIDS cases, which was consistent with the history of the affected infants stated by the guardians. Minimal to mild bronchitis and pneumonia were found in 8 and 7% of SIDS cases respectively. There were a few cases with some pneumonia which fell into "the gray area" between SIDS and explained deaths. Besides a complete autopsy, scene investigation and review of postnatal medical history of the infant are essential to make a diagnosis of SIDS.
Association of Indicators and Predictors of TIE Strength

Arguments deriving from the importance of the strength of social ties between individuals are being applied in social and organizational analysis; however, lack of empirical verification of the components of the construct and lack of consistency in the use of proxy measures have made difficult the resolution of controversies surrounding the relative merits of strong and weak ties. This study examined the relations between predictors and indicators of Granovetter's 1973 construct of tie strength. Marsden and Campbell's 1984 finding of “contamination” of indicators by predictors is supported by this analysis.
Survival in patients with synchronous liver metastases in central and northern Denmark, 1998 to 2009

Objective In Denmark, the strategy for treatment of cancer with metastases to the liver has changed dramatically during the period 1998 to 2009, when multidisciplinary care and a number of new treatments were introduced. We therefore examined the changes in survival in Danish patients with colorectal carcinoma (CRC) or other solid tumors (non-CRC) who had liver metastases at time of diagnosis. Study design and methods We included patients diagnosed with liver metastases synchronous with a primary cancer (ie, a solid cancer diagnosed at the same date or within 60 days after liver metastasis diagnosis) during the period 1998 to 2009 identified through the Danish National Registry of Patients. We followed those who survived for more than 60 days in a survival analysis (n = 1021). Survival and mortality rate ratio (MRR) at 1, 3, and 5 years stratified by year of diagnosis were estimated using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results In the total study population of 1021 patients, 541 patients had a primary CRC and 480 patients non-CRC. Overall, the 5-year survival improved from 3% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1%–6%) in 1998–2000 to 10% (95% CI: 6%–14%) in 2007 to 2009 (predicted value). The 5-year survival for CRC-patients improved from 1% (95% CI: 0%–5%) to 11% (95% CI: 6%–18%) whereas survival for non-CRC patients only increased from 5% (95% CI: 1%–10%) to 8% (95% CI: 4%–14%). Conclusion We observed improved survival in patients with liver metastases in a time period characterized by introduction of a structured multidisciplinary care and improved treatment options. The survival gain was most prominent for CRC-patients.
The Impact of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Attitudes and Intention: Hysteresis and Persistence

Do entrepreneurship education programs (EEPs) really influence participants’ attitudes and intention toward entrepreneurship? How is this influence related to past experience and how does it persist? Researchers and entrepreneurship education stakeholders alike have been looking into this question for quite a while, with a view to validating the efficacy of such programs. The authors of this paper propose to operationalize the concept of entrepreneurial intention and its antecedents in an attempt to address those issues. In particular, we propose an original research design where (1) we measure the initial state and persistence of the impact and not only short‐term effects; (2) we deal with a compulsory program, allowing to avoid self‐selection biases; and (3) we deal with an homogeneous “compact” program rather than programs combining multiple teaching components whose effects cannot be disentangled. Our main research results show that the positive effects of an are all the more marked when previous entrepreneurial exposure has been weak or inexistent. Conversely, for those students who had previously significantly been exposed to entrepreneurship, the results highlight significant countereffects of the on those participants.
Decoupling the past from the present attenuates inaction inertia

Inaction inertia is the phenomenon that one is not likely to act upon an attractive opportunity after having bypassed an even more attractive opportunity. We investigated the boundary conditions of this inaction inertia effect. Based on the mental accounting literature and the transaction decoupling literature we predicted and found in three experiments that tight coupling of the forgone to the current opportunity is a necessary condition for inaction inertia to occur. Inaction inertia decreased when information about the missed opportunity was ambiguous (Experiment 1), when the past opportunity required an extra step to obtain (Experiment 2) and when the past and present opportunity decreased in comparability (Experiment 3). The theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed in view of the literature on inaction inertia and on judgment and decision-making. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Aggregate Productivity Effects of Internal Migration: Evidence from Indonesia

We estimate the aggregate productivity gains from reducing barriers to internal labor migration in Indonesia, accounting for worker selection and spatial differences in human capital. We distinguish between movement costs, which mean workers will move only if they expect higher wages, and amenity differences, which mean some locations must pay more to attract workers. We find modest but important aggregate impacts. We estimate a 22 percent increase in labor productivity from removing all barriers. Reducing migration costs to the US level, a high-mobility benchmark, leads to a 7.1 percent productivity boost. These figures hide substantial heterogeneity. The origin population that benefits most sees a 104 percent increase in average earnings from a complete barrier removal, or a 25 percent gain from moving to the US benchmark.
Application of magnetic resonance to animal models of cerebral ischemia

The present review has been compiled to highlight the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and MR spectroscopy (MRS) for the investigation of cerebral ischemia in the animal experimental field of basic research. We have focused on stroke investigations analyzing the pathomechanisms of the disease evolution and on new advances in both nuclear MR (NMR) methodology or genetic engineering of transgenic animals for the study of complex molecular relationships and causes of the disease. Furthermore, we have tried to include metabolic and genetic aspects, as well as the application of functional imaging, for the investigation of the disturbance or restitution of functional brain activation under pathological conditions as relates to controlled animal experiments. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2001;14:491–509. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Medical school selection criteria as predictors of medical student empathy: a cross-sectional study of medical students, Ireland

Objectives To determine whether performance in any of the Health Professions Admissions Test (HPAT) sections, most specifically the interpersonal understanding section, correlates with self-reported empathy levels in medical students. Setting The study was conducted in University College Cork, Ireland. Participants 290 students participated in the study. Matching HPAT scores were available for 263 students. All male and female undergraduate students were invited to participate. Postgraduate and international students were excluded. Primary and secondary outcome measures Primary measures: HPAT-Ireland and Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy (JSE) scores were compared including subsection analysis. Secondary measures: comparisons were made between groups such as gender and year of programme. Results A total of 290 students participated. Males scored significantly higher than females for total HPAT-Ireland (U=7329, z=−2.04, p<0.05), HPAT-Ireland section 1 (U=5382, z=−5.21, p<0.001) and section 3 scores (U=6833, z=−2.85, p<0.01). In contrast, females scored significantly higher than males on HPAT-Ireland section 2 (U=5844, z=−4.46, p<0.001). Females demonstrated significantly higher total JSE scores relative to males (mean score ± SEM: 113.33±1.05vs 109.21±0.95; U=8450, z=−2.83, p<0.01). No significant association was observed between JSE scores and any of the HPAT-Ireland measures (all p>0.05). There was no effect of programme year on JSE scores (all p>0.05). Conclusion The introduction of the HPAT-Ireland test was partly designed to identify students with strong interpersonal skills. A significant finding of this study is that JSE values did not correlate with HPAT-Ireland scores. This study suggests no clear link between scores on a selection test, the HPAT-Ireland, which is designed to assess several skill domains including interpersonal skills, and scores on a psychometric measure of empathy, at any point during medical education.
Rythmes événementiels et aménagement des espaces publics à Paris, Bruxelles et Montréal

Le loisir et la culture occupent une place importante dans les stratégies d'attractivité et de développement des villes. Dans ce cadre, les événements festifs périodiques sont mobilisés pour organiser la centralité urbaine dans ses dimensions symboliques et fonctionnelles. Par définition éphémères et labiles, ils n'en influencent pas moins les politiques urbaines dans leurs manières de produire et d'organiser les espaces. À court terme, ils sont utilisés comme aménagements temporaires des espaces publics transformant les usages et fonctions. À moyen terme, cette utilisation engendre des institutions mandatées par le politique pour assurer la gestion événementielle de la ville. À long terme, ces institutions participent de la trajectoire urbanistique des lieux publics par l'articulation des événements aux projets urbains. Le rythme des événements festifs influence la gouvernance, l'aménagement et le design des espaces publics.
Casein-kinase-II-dependent phosphorylation of PPARγ provokes CRM1-mediated shuttling of PPARγ from the nucleus to the cytosol

PPARγ exerts significant anti-inflammatory signaling properties in monocytes and macrophages, which are affected by its intracellular localization. Based on our previous report, which showed that cytosolic localization of PPARγ attenuates PKCα signaling in macrophages, we elucidated the molecular mechanisms provoking cytosolic PPARγ localization. Using the DsRed-tagged PPARγ deletion constructs PPARγ1 Δ1-31 and PPARγ1 Δ407-475, we observed an exclusive nuclear PPARγ1 Δ1-31 localization in transfected HEK293 cells, whereas PPARγ1 Δ407-475 did not alter its cytosolic or nuclear localization. The casein kinase II (CK-II) inhibitor 5,6-dichloro-1-β-D-ribofuranosyl benzimidazole (DRB) prevented cytosolic PPARγ localization. Mutation of two possible CK-II phosphorylation sites at serine 16 and serine 21 of PPARγ into alanine (PPARγ S16A/S21A) inhibited cytosolic PPARγ localization. Moreover, a PPARγ S16E/S21E mutant that mimicks constitutive phosphorylation of residues 16 and 21, predominantly resides in the cytosol. The CRM1 inhibitor leptomycin B abolished cytosolic PPARγ localization, suggesting that this is a CRM1-dependent export process. CRM1-mediated PPARγ export requires Ran and phosphorylated RanBP3. Finally, co-immunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that DRB blocks PPARγ binding to CRM1, whereas PD98059 inhibits RanBP3 binding to CRM1 and concomitant shuttling from nucleus to cytosol, but does not alter PPARγ binding to CRM1. We conclude that CK-II-dependent PPARγ phosphorylation at Ser16 and Ser21 is necessary for CRM1/Ran/RanBP3-mediated nucleocytoplasmic translocation of PPARγ.