Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lipolytic and ligand-binding functions of hepatic lipase protect against atherosclerosis in LDL receptor-deficient mices⃞ Published, JLR Papers in Press, October 27, 2006.

To elucidate the separate contributions of the lipolytic versus ligand-binding functions of hepatic lipase (HL) to lipoprotein metabolism and atherosclerosis, and to investigate the role of the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr) in these processes, we compared mice expressing catalytically active HL (HL-WT) with mice expressing inactive HL (HL-S145G) in a background lacking endogenous HL and the LDLr (LDLr-KO×HL-KO). HL-WT and HL-S145G reduced (P < 0.05 for all) cholesterol (55% vs. 20%), non-HDL-cholesterol (63% vs. 22%), and apolipoprotein B (apoB; 34% vs. 16%) by enhancing the catabolism of autologous 125I-apoB-intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL)/LDL (fractional catabolic rate in day−1: 6.07 ± 0.25, LDLr-KO×HL-WT; 4.76 ± 0.30, LDLr-KO×HL-S145G; 3.70 ± 0.13, LDLr-KO×HL-KO); HL-WT had a greater impact on the concentration, composition, particle size, and catabolism of apoB-containing lipoproteins (apoB-Lps) and HDL. Importantly, consistent with the changes in apoB-Lps, atherosclerosis in LDLr-KO×HL-KO mice fed a regular chow diet (RCD) was reduced by both HL-WT and HL-S145G (by 71% and 51% in cross-sectional analysis, and by 85% and 67% in en face analysis; P < 0.05 for all). These data identify physiologically relevant but distinct roles for the lipolytic versus ligand-binding functions of HL in apoB-Lp metabolism and atherosclerosis and demonstrate that their differential effects on these processes are mediated by changes in catabolism via non-LDLr pathways. These changes, evident even in the presence of apoE, establish an antiatherogenic role of the ligand-binding function of HL in LDLr-deficient mice.
Loose laplacian spectra of random hypergraphs

Let H = (V, E) be an r‐uniform hypergraph with the vertex set V and the edge set E. For 1 ≤ s ≤ r/2, we define a weighted graph G(s) on the vertex set \documentclass{article}\usepackage{mathrsfs, amsmath, amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}${V\choose s}$\end{document} as follows. Every pair of s‐sets I and J is associated with a weight w(I, J), which is the number of edges in H containing I and J if I ∩ J = ∅︁, and 0 if I ∩ J ≠ ∅︁. The s‐th Laplacian \documentclass{article}\usepackage{mathrsfs, amsmath, amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\mathcal L^{(s)}$\end{document} of H is defined to be the normalized Laplacian of G(s). The eigenvalues of \documentclass{article}\usepackage{mathrsfs, amsmath, amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\mathcal L^{(s)}$\end{document} are listed as \documentclass{article}\usepackage{mathrsfs, amsmath, amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\lambda^{(s)}_0, \lambda^{(s)}_1, \ldots, \lambda^{(s)}_{{n\choose s}-1}$\end{document} in non‐decreasing order. Let \documentclass{article}\usepackage{mathrsfs, amsmath, amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\bar\lambda^{(s)}(H)=\max_{i\neq 0}\{|1-\lambda^{(s)}_i|\}$\end{document}. The parameters \documentclass{article}\usepackage{mathrsfs, amsmath, amssymb}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$\bar\lambda^{(s)}(H)$\end{document} and λ 1(s) (H), which were introduced in our previous paper, have a number of connections to the mixing rate of high‐ordered random walks, the generalized distances/diameters, and the edge expansions.
Trichoderma gamsii (NFCCI 2177): A newly isolated endophytic, psychrotolerant, plant growth promoting, and antagonistic fungal strain

An endophytic fungus has been isolated from the lateral roots of lentil (Lens esculenta Moench), growing under mountain ecosystem of Indian Himalayan Region (IHR). While the fungus was observed as fast growing with white scanty mycelium turning to turmeric brown in 5 days of incubation at 25 °C, it also produced a unique odor. The fungus exhibited growth between 4 and 30 °C (optimum 25 °C) and tolerated pH between 2.0 and 13.5 (optimum 4–6). Based on phenotypic (colony morphology and microscopy) and genotypic (18S rRNA analysis) characters, the fungus was identified as Trichoderma gamsii (99% similarity). The fungus was evaluated for its plant growth promotion and biocontrol properties. The fungus was found to be positive for phosphate solubilization, chitinase activity, and production of ammonia and salicylic acid, while the results for production of IAA, HCN, and siderophores were negative. Out of the seven phytopathogenic fungi tested, it showed antagonism against six. Bioassays conducted under green house using four test crops (two cereals and two legumes) showed its potential in plant growth promotion. The fungus has potential to be developed as a bioformulation for application under mountain ecosystem.
Bounds on dissipation in stress-driven flow

We calculate the optimal upper and lower bounds, subject to the assumption of streamwise invariance, on the long-time-averaged mechanical energy dissipation rate $\varepsilon$ within the flow of an incompressible viscous fluid of constant kinematic viscosity $\nu$ and depth $h$ driven by a constant surface stress $\tau=\rho u^2_\star$, where $u_\star$ is the friction velocity. We show that $\varepsilon \leq \varepsilon_{\max}=\tau^2/(\rho^2\nu)$, i.e. the dissipation is bounded above by the dissipation associated with the laminar solution $\bu=\tau(z+h)/(\rho\nu) \xvec$, where $\xvec$ is the unit vector in the streamwise $x$-direction. By using the variational ‘background method’ (due to Constantin, Doering and Hopf) and numerical continuation, we also generate a rigorous lower bound on the dissipation for arbitrary Grashof numbers $G$, where $G=\tau h^2/(\rho \nu^2)$. Under the assumption of streamwise invariance as $G \rightarrow \infty$, for flows where horizontal mean momentum balance and total power balance are imposed as constraints, we show numerically that the best possible lower bound for the dissipation is $\varepsilon \geq \varepsilon_{\min}=7.531 u_\star^3/h$, a bound that is independent of the flow viscosity. This scaling (though not the best possible numerical coefficient) can also be obtained directly by applying the same imposed constraints and restricting attention to a particular, analytically tractable, class of mean flows.
PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL, MOTIVASI DAN BURNOUT TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN OUTSOURCING RRI MATARAM

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh kepemimpinan transformasional, motivasi dan burnout terhadap kinerja karyawan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Radio Republik Indonesia (RRI) Mataram. Penelitian ini menggunakan keseluruhan populasi sebagai sampel yaitu sebanyak 37 orang yang terdaftar sebagai karyawan outsourcing RRI Mataram. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode observasi dan survey dengan kuesioner, dimana peneliti mengumpulkan data sesuai dengan topik yang diambil. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil analisis diketahui bahwa kepemimpinan transformasional, berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja, motivasi berpengaruh signifikan secara positif terhadap kinerja dan burnout berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kinerja.
Wolbachia in the Asian rice gall midge, Orseolia oryzae (Wood‐Mason): correlation between host mitotypes and infection status

Using a PCR‐based method, we detected Wolbachia in the Asian rice gall midge. Furthermore, results showed that all females across all biotypes are infected with Wolbachia. However, all male flies are not infected and show different infection frequency in different biotypes. We have also identified three mitotypes, in the rice gall midge, based on DraI restriction pattern of a portion of the 12S rRNA gene that was PCR amplified using primers specific to this gene. All the females and infected male flies had type 1 mtDNA while uninfected males showed only type 2 or 3 mtDNA. Inheritance patterns of mtDNA revealed the existence of a correlation between mtDNA type and Wolbachia infection in the Asian rice gall midge. Evidence for paternal inheritance of mtDNA in Wolbachia‐free gall midge is also presented.
Small-Footprint Deep Neural Networks with Highway Connections for Speech Recognition

For speech recognition, deep neural networks (DNNs) have significantly improved the recognition accuracy in most of benchmark datasets and application domains. However, compared to the conventional Gaussian mixture models, DNN-based acoustic models usually have much larger number of model parameters, making it challenging for their applications in resource constrained platforms, e.g., mobile devices. In this paper, we study the application of the recently proposed highway network to train small-footprint DNNs, which are {\it thinner} and {\it deeper}, and have significantly smaller number of model parameters compared to conventional DNNs. We investigated this approach on the AMI meeting speech transcription corpus which has around 70 hours of audio data. The highway neural networks constantly outperformed their plain DNN counterparts, and the number of model parameters can be reduced significantly without sacrificing the recognition accuracy.
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Community Structure, Abundance and Species Richness Changes in Soil by Different Levels of Heavy Metal and Metalloid Concentration

Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) play major roles in ecosystem functioning such as carbon sequestration, nutrient cycling, and plant growth promotion. It is important to know how this ecologically important soil microbial player is affected by soil abiotic factors particularly heavy metal and metalloid (HMM). The objective of this study was to understand the impact of soil HMM concentration on AMF abundance and community structure in the contaminated sites of South Korea. Soil samples were collected from the vicinity of an abandoned smelter and the samples were subjected to three complementary methods such as spore morphology, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) for diversity analysis. Spore density was found to be significantly higher in highly contaminated soil compared to less contaminated soil. Spore morphological study revealed that Glomeraceae family was more abundant followed by Acaulosporaceae and Gigasporaceae in the vicinity of the smelter. T-RFLP and DGGE analysis confirmed the dominance of Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizophagus intraradices in all the study sites. Claroideoglomus claroideum, Funneliformis caledonium, Rhizophagus clarus and Funneliformis constrictum were found to be sensitive to high concentration of soil HMM. Richness and diversity of Glomeraceae family increased with significant increase in soil arsenic, cadmium and zinc concentrations. Our results revealed that the soil HMM has a vital impact on AMF community structure, especially with Glomeraceae family abundance, richness and diversity.
Factors influencing voting intentions for Egyptian parliament elections 2011

Purpose – This study measures to what extent different factors including Islamic religious beliefs influenced Egyptian's voting behavior intentions in the last parliament elections, given the moderating effect of the media and its role in shaping the existence of the Islamic political brand in Egypt. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Qualitative research was initially conducted to modify the Newman and Sheth model to fit the Egyptian culture. A final total of 401 Muslim citizens that participated in the last parliament elections were then surveyed via face-to-face interviews using a structured questionnaire. Findings – Most factors related to voting for a specific candidate or party seemed to be important for voters' in their decision making, specifically personal events related to the candidate, candidate's image, current events surrounding the elections process, interest in issues and policies and religious beliefs that was added by the authors to the model. The media.
Characterization of the intracellular survival of Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis: phagosomal pH and fusogenicity in J774 macrophages compared with other mycobacteria

The phagosomes containing viable pathogenic mycobacteria, such as Mycobacterium (M.) tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium ssp. avium (M. avium), are known to be limited in their ability to both acidify and fuse with late (but not early) endocytic organelles. Here, we analysed the pH and fusogenicity of phagosomes containing M. avium ssp. paratuberculosis (M. ptb), the causative agent of paratuberculosis in ruminants. Using the murine J774 macrophage cell line, we compared viable and heat‐killed M. ptb and, in addition, viable or dead M. avium, as well as two non‐pathogenic mycobacteria, Mycobacterium smegmatis and Mycobacterium gordonae. Electron microscopic analysis revealed that M. ptb persisted intracellularly in phagosomes for up to 15 days. The phagosomes containing live M. ptb and M. avium were significantly reduced in their ability to acquire some markers for the endocytic pathway, such as internalized calcein, BSA–gold or the membrane protein Lamp 2. However, they were almost completely accessible to 70 kDa fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)–dextran and Lamp 1. Overall, the phagosomes containing dead pathogenic mycobacteria behaved similarly to the ones containing live non‐pathogenic mycobacteria in all experiments. Using FITC–dextran in a novel fluorescence‐activated cell sorting (FACS)‐based method, we could also show that the bulk of endocytic compartments, including phagosomes, were only very mildly acidified to ≈ pH 6.3 over at least 72 h in J774 cells infected with live M. ptb and M. avium. In contrast, J774 cells treated with heat‐killed M. ptb or BSA‐coated latex beads showed substantial acidification of the phagosome/endocytic compartments to a pH value of ≈ 5.2. After infection with M. smegmatis and M. gordonae, acidification was initially (1–5 h after infection) inhibited, but increased after longer infection to levels similar to those with dead mycobacteria.
rRNA and rDNA based assessment of sea ice protist biodiversity from the central Arctic Ocean

Abstract Sea ice is a large and diverse ecosystem contributing significantly to primary production in ice-covered regions. In the Arctic Ocean, sea ice consists of mixed multi-year ice (MYI), often several metres thick, and thinner first-year ice (FYI). Current global warming is most severe in Arctic regions; as a consequence, summer sea ice cover is decreasing and MYI is disappearing at an alarming rate. Despite its apparent hostility, sea ice is inhabited by a diverse microbial community of bacteria and protists, many of which are photosynthetic. Here we present an assessment of eukaryotic biodiversity in MYI and FYI from the central Arctic Ocean using high-throughput 454 sequencing of 18S rRNA and rDNA amplicons. We compared the rDNA-based ‘total’ biodiversity with the ‘active’ biodiversity from rRNA amplicons and found differences between them including an over-representation of Ciliophora, Bicosoecida and Bacillariophyceae operational taxonomic units (OTUs) in the active part of the community. Differences between the two libraries are more pronounced at the lower taxonomic level: certain genera, such as Melosira, are more abundant in the rRNA library, indicating activity of these genera. Furthermore, we found that one FYI station showed a higher activity of potential grazers which was probably due to the advanced stage of melt evident by higher ice temperatures and highly porous ice compared with the other stations.
In vitro characterization of Ac-RYYRWK-NH2, Ac-RYYRIK-NH2 and [Phe1CΨ(CH2-NH)Gly2] nociceptin(1-13)NH2 at rat native and recombinant ORL1 receptors

The pharmacology of ORL(1) compounds, [Phe1Psi(CH(2)-NH)Gly2]nociceptin(1-13)NH(2) (F/GNC13), Ac-RYYRIK-NH(2) and Ac-RYYRWK-NH(2) was evaluated at rat ORL(1) receptors in frontal cortex (CTX), transfected chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, vas deferens (VD) and anococcygeus (AC). Ranked affinities for the inhibition of [3H]nociceptin binding to CTX and CHO's were: Ac-RYYRWK-NH(2) identical withAc-RYYRIK-NH(2) identical withnociceptin>F/GNC13>Dynorphin A>naloxone. The full agonist, nociceptin stimulated [35S]GTPgammaS binding in CTX (E(max)=174%) and CHO's (E(max)=311%); all other ORL(1) peptides acted as partial agonists with the following rank order for E(max) values: Ac-RYYRWK-NH(2) (96% (CTX), 202% (CHO))>F/GNC13 (44% (CTX), 136% (CHO)) identical withAc-RYYRIK-NH(2) (44% (CTX), 115% (CHO)). Schild analysis generated pA(2) values in CTX of 8.59 (F/GNC13) and 9.13 (Ac-RYYRIK-NH(2)). cAMP production in CHO's was inhibited by 77% (nociceptin), 58% (Ac-RYYRWK-NH(2)), 55% (F/GNC13) and 49% (Ac-RYYRIK-NH(2)). Nociceptin inhibited electrically evoked contractions in isolated tissues by 95% (VD) and 98% (AC); partial inhibition was observed with Ac-RYYRWK-NH(2) (72% (VD), 66% (AC)) and Ac-RYYRIK-NH(2) (54% (VD); 37%(AC)). Ineffective in the VD, F/GNC13 caused a small inhibition in the AC that was reversed at higher concentrations. Schild analysis gave pA(2) affinities of 7.32(VD) and 7.34(AC) for F/GNC13 and 8.69(AC) for Ac-RYYRIK-NH(2).
Sum-rate maximization in the multicell MIMO multiple-access channel with interference coordination

This paper is concerned with the maximization of the weighted sum-rate in the multicell MIMO multiple access channel (MAC). Considered is the multicell network operating on the same frequency channel with multiple mobile stations (MS) per cell. Assuming the interference coordination mode in the multicell network, each base-station (BS) only decodes the signals for the MSs within its cell. However, the uplink covariance matrices at the MSs are jointly designed between the BSs in order to optimize the network-wide weighted sum-rate. Since this optimization is shown to be a nonconvex problem, obtaining its globally optimal solution is very hard. By applying successive approximation technique, a distributed algorithm is then proposed to efficiently achieve a locally optimal solution. Nonetheless, simulations then show that the proposed algorithm can significantly improve the network-wide sum-rate, compared to the case with no interference coordination between the BSs.
Burkholderia pseudomallei Is Genetically Diverse in Agricultural Land in Northeast Thailand

Background The soil-dwelling Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei is the cause of melioidosis. Extreme structuring of genotype and genotypic frequency has been demonstrated for B. pseudomallei in uncultivated land, but its distribution and genetic diversity in agricultural land where most human infections are probably acquired is not well defined. Methods Fixed-interval soil sampling was performed in a rice paddy in northeast Thailand in which 100 grams of soil was sampled at a depth of 30 cm from 10×10 sampling points each measuring 2.5 m by 2.5 m. Soil was cultured for the presence of B. pseudomallei and genotyping of colonies present on primary culture plates was performed using a combination of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Principal Findings B. pseudomallei was cultured from 28/100 samples. Genotyping of 630 primary colonies drawn from 11 sampling points demonstrated 10 PFGE banding pattern types, which on MLST were resolved into 7 sequence types (ST). Overlap of genotypes was observed more often between sampling points that were closely positioned. Two sampling points contained mixed B. pseudomallei genotypes, each with a numerically dominant genotype and one or more additional genotypes present as minority populations. Conclusions Genetic diversity and structuring of B. pseudomallei exists despite the effects of flooding and the physical and chemical processes associated with farming. These findings form an important baseline for future studies of environmental B. pseudomallei.
State-level policies and psychiatric morbidity in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations.

OBJECTIVES We investigated the modifying effect of state-level policies on the association between lesbian, gay, or bisexual status and the prevalence of psychiatric disorders. METHODS Data were from wave 2 of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC), a nationally representative study of noninstitutionalized US adults (N=34,653). States were coded for policies extending protections against hate crimes and employment discrimination based on sexual orientation. RESULTS Compared with living in states with policies extending protections, living in states without these policies predicted a significantly stronger association between lesbian, gay, or bisexual status and psychiatric disorders in the past 12 months, including generalized anxiety disorder (F=3.87; df=2; P=.02), post-traumatic stress disorder (F=3.42; df=2; P=.04), and dysthymia (F=5.20; df=2; P=.02). Living in states with policies that did not extend protections also predicted a stronger relation between lesbian, gay, or bisexual status and psychiatric comorbidity (F=2.47; df=2; P=.04). CONCLUSIONS State-level protective policies modify the effect of lesbian, gay, or bisexual status on psychiatric disorders. Policies that reduce discrimination against gays and lesbians are urgently needed to protect the health and well-being of this population.
A Staphylococcal GGDEF Domain Protein Regulates Biofilm Formation Independently of Cyclic Dimeric GMP

ABSTRACT Cyclic dimeric GMP (c-di-GMP) is an important biofilm regulator that allosterically activates enzymes of exopolysaccharide biosynthesis. Proteobacterial genomes usually encode multiple GGDEF domain-containing diguanylate cyclases responsible for c-di-GMP synthesis. In contrast, only one conserved GGDEF domain protein, GdpS (for GGDEF domain protein from Staphylococcus), and a second protein with a highly modified GGDEF domain, GdpP, are present in the sequenced staphylococcal genomes. Here, we investigated the role of GdpS in biofilm formation in Staphylococcus epidermidis. Inactivation of gdpS impaired biofilm formation in medium supplemented with NaCl under static and flow-cell conditions, whereas gdpS overexpression complemented the mutation and enhanced wild-type biofilm development. GdpS increased production of the icaADBC-encoded exopolysaccharide, poly-N-acetyl-glucosamine, by elevating icaADBC mRNA levels. Unexpectedly, c-di-GMP synthesis was found to be irrelevant for the ability of GdpS to elevate icaADBC expression. Mutagenesis of the GGEEF motif essential for diguanylate cyclase activity did not impair GdpS, and the N-terminal fragment of GdpS lacking the GGDEF domain partially complemented the gdpS mutation. Furthermore, heterologous diguanylate cyclases expressed in trans failed to complement the gdpS mutation, and the purified GGDEF domain from GdpS possessed no diguanylate cyclase activity in vitro. The gdpS gene from Staphylococcus aureus exhibited similar characteristics to its S. epidermidis ortholog, suggesting that the GdpS-mediated signal transduction is conserved in staphylococci. Therefore, GdpS affects biofilm formation through a novel c-di-GMP-independent mechanism involving increased icaADBC mRNA levels and exopolysaccharide biosynthesis. Our data raise the possibility that staphylococci cannot synthesize c-di-GMP and have only remnants of a c-di-GMP signaling pathway.