Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determiner selection in speech production Evidence from Norwegian

This thesis reports on two picture-word interference experiments where I investigate the processes involved in selection of grammatical gender in Norwegian Noun Phrase production. The respondents, consisting of subjects with a two gender system (masculine and neuter) and subjects with a three gender system (masculine, feminine and neuter), produced a gender-marked demonstrative + noun NP in response to a picture shown with either a distractor word of the same grammatical gender or one with a different grammatical gender. Though there are three different genders in Norwegian, there are only two demonstratives; den for feminine and masculine nouns, and det for neuter nouns. Significant longer naming latencies were found when the picture was shown with a distractor word of different gender than if the word and picture had identical gender. This effect however, was only obtained for subjects with a three gender system. This finding suggests that the interference does not occur between the independent word forms, the demonstratives, as proposed by Schiller and Caramazza (2003), but occur when selecting the noun's grammatical gender feature as originally suggested by Schriefers (1993). This implies that selection of grammatical features, at least gender, is based on competition, and does not come as an automatic consequence of selecting the lemma. A computational model based on the findings was tested in WEAVER++ (Roelofs, 1992). The simulations showed that WEAVER++ accounts for the some of the empirical findings.
Multiple goals: A review and derivation of general principles

Summary A great deal of literature has examined the factors involved in single-goal pursuit. However, there is a burgeoning realization that employees hold multiple goals at any one point in time and that findings from the single-goal literature do not necessarily apply to multiple-goal situations. Research is now being conducted on multiple goals, but it is being conducted across a broad range of disciplines, examining different levels of the goal hierarchy. Consequently, researchers are using the same label to refer to distinct concepts (the “jangle” fallacy) or different labels to refer to similar concepts (the “jingle” fallacy), and some aspects of the multiple-goal space are yet to be examined. We derive seven general principles of the multiple-goal process from a broad review of the literature. In doing so, we provide a common architecture and an overarching perspective of the theory for ongoing research as well as highlighting a number of areas for future research. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Role of Service Providers’ Resilience in Buffering the Negative Impact of Customer Incivility on Service Recovery Performance

In the service sector, customer-related social stressors may weaken employees’ well-being, impairing job-related outcomes. Drawing on the Conservation of Resources theory and on the psychology of sustainability, fostering personal resources become critical to encourage service providers who can effectively manage such job demands. This study investigated how customer-related social stressors and customer orientation influence service recovery performance and whether resilience buffers the negative effects of customer incivility on service recovery performance. One hundred and fifty-seven Italian customer-contact employees completed a questionnaire analyzing customer incivility, customer-related social stressors, resilience, customer orientation, and service recovery performance. Regression analyses and SEMs were conducted. Although all customer-related social stressors indirectly and negatively influenced service recovery performance by increasing burnout symptoms, customer incivility only exerted a direct and detrimental impact on service recovery performance. Customer orientation was directly and positively associated with service recovery performance. Highly resilient employees were less affected by variations in service recovery performance across customer incivility levels. Within the psychology of sustainability framework, promoting resilient workplaces is crucial to foster healthy and sustainable work settings. Service organizations can greatly benefit from providing their employees with psychological resilience training programs, cultivating high customer-oriented attitudes through mentoring sessions, and hiring highly customer-oriented and resilient employees for customer-contact occupations.
Synergetic Effects of Fe 3 + doped Spinel Li 4 Ti 5 O 12 Nanoparticles on Reduced Graphene Oxide for High Surface Electrode Hybrid Supercapacitors Supplementary document

Supplementary document Sergej Repp, Ersan Harputlu, Seda Gurgen, Mike Castellano, Nora Kremer, Nils Pompe, Jakob Wörner, Anke Hoffmann, Ralf Thomann, Fatih M. Emen, Stefan Weber, Kasim Ocakoglu, Emre Erdem* Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Albertstr. 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany. Advanced Technology Research & Application Center, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy Campus, TR-33343 Mersin, Turkey. Freiburger Materialforschungszentrum – FMF, Stefan-Meier-Straße 21, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany. Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey. Freiburg Institute of Advanced Studies-FRIAS, AlbertLudwigs-Universität Freiburg Albertstraße 19, 79104 Freiburg im Breisgau. Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Mersin University, TR-33480 Tarsus, Mersin, Turkey.
Spatial Price Discrimination in the Spokes Model

type="main"> The spokes model allows to address nonlocalized spatial competition between firms. In a spatial context, firms can price discriminate using location-contingent pricing. Nonlocalized competition implies that neighboring effects are not relevant to firms. This paper analyzes spatial price discrimination and location choices in the spokes model. Highly asymmetric location patterns are one outcome if the number of firms is sufficiently high: in that case, one firm supplies a generally appealing product whereas others focus on a specific niche. Moreover, multiple equilibria arise for intermediate values of the number of firms. In this case, the location patterns do not always globally minimize the sum of transport costs: asymmetric configurations distribute more efficiently the cost between firms.
Developmental Differences in the Factor Structure of the Children's Depression Inventory

The factorstructure of theChildren's Depression Inventory (GDI), the most widely used self-report measure of depression for children, has been studied, but we still know relatively little about how developmental differences relate to CD1 structure. Here, we evaluated whether the GDI factor structure differed in large samples of clinic-referred children versus adolescents. Our results indicated real but modest differences. Both groups produced 5 first-order factors, but the composition of the factors differed somewhat for children versus adolescents. Both groups also produced a 2nd-order, general depression factor, although items loading on the factor differed somewhat for the 2 groups: For children but not adolescents, several externalizing behavior items (e.g., / never do what I am told} loaded on the general factor: in contrast, for adolescents but not children, several vegetative items (e.g. / am tired all the time} loaded on the general factor. Overall, the child-factor pattern appeared to involve fewer CD1 items than did the adolescent pattern.
General Equilibrium Dynamics of External Shocks and Policy Changes in Chile

This paper develops a macroeconomic general-equilibrium model fully parameterized for the Chilean economy. The model’s basic relations are derived from intertemporal optimization by a group of rational forward-looking agents. The model also adds critical real-world features – such as short-run wage rigidities and a group of myopic agents – that generate deviations from the frictionless fullemployment equilibrium of the unconstrained neoclassical paradigm. The model is numerically simulated to illustrate the dynamics of Chile’s economy in response to the external shocks and policy shifts that led to the 1998-99 recession.
UHF fading in factories

The authors detail the results of narrowband propagation measurements performed at five factories. The extensive empirical data indicate that path loss is dependent upon local surroundings and is log-normally distributed, temporal fading is Rician, and small-scale signal fluctuations due to receiver motion are primarily Rayleigh, although Rician and log-normal distributions fit some of the data. Shadowing effects of common factory equipment likely to obstruct indoor radio paths are also examined. >
Rectal and Intranasal Immunizations with Recombinant Urease Induce Distinct Local and Serum Immune Responses in Mice and Protect against Helicobacter pyloriInfection

ABSTRACT To determine the optimal inductive sites for immunization againstHelicobacter pylori infection, the protective efficacy of recombinant urease (rUre) was assessed for mice given the vaccine by either the oral (p.o.), intranasal (i.n.), or rectal route. When mice were immunized with rUre (25 μg p.o. or rectally or 10 μg i.n.) plus heat-labile toxin from Escherichia coli as the mucosal adjuvant, all routes afforded protection against challenge withH. pylori, as indicated by a significant reduction in gastric urease activity (P < 0.0005) compared to that of sham-immunized controls. Quantitative H. pylori culture of stomach tissue demonstrated a >97% reduction in bacterial burden in mice immunized by all routes (P < 0.05). Induction of antiurease immunoglobulin A (IgA) levels in gastric luminal secretions after p.o. immunization was greater than after i.n. administration (means, 6.0 and 1.02 ng/ml, respectively) and was dependent upon challenge with H. pylori. However, immunization by the rectal route resulted in the generation of the highest levels of gastric antiurease IgA (mean, 40.89 ng/ml), which was detectable prior to challenge with H. pylori. Immunohistochemical staining of stomach tissue for cells secreting urease-specific antibody and CD4+ T cells showed levels of recruitment to be dependent upon challenge with H. pyloriand equivalent for all routes. These results identify both the rectum and nasal passages as suitable inductive sites for urease immunization.
Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty in Eyes With Previous Glaucoma Surgery

Purpose: To evaluate visual outcomes and complications after Descemet stripping automated endothelial keratoplasty (DSAEK) in patients with previous glaucoma surgery. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted of 129 procedures in 102 eyes of 96 patients who underwent DSAEK and previous glaucoma surgery at New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mt Sinai. The mean length of follow-up was 29.1 ± 25.5 months. Patients with postoperative follow-up duration of less than 3 months were excluded from analysis. Intraoperative and postoperative complications, postoperative course, and visual outcomes were analyzed. Results: Graft dislocation occurred in 46 eyes (35.7%) and 38 eyes required repeat injection of air in the anterior chamber. Primary graft failure occurred in 3 eyes (2.3%), early graft failure in 20 eyes (15.5%), and secondary graft failure developed in 29 eyes (22.5%). There was a statistically significant increase in secondary graft failure in patients with previous aqueous shunt implantation compared with eyes with previous trabeculectomy (P = 0.03). Escalation of glaucoma therapy was needed medically in 25 eyes (24.5%), and 8 eyes (7.8%) required additional surgical intervention. Conclusions: There is a significant incidence of graft dislocation and graft failure after DSAEK in eyes with previous glaucoma surgery. In particular, aqueous shunt surgery compared with trabeculectomy may decrease long-term graft survival, and close follow-up is warranted.
An organizational learning perspective on contract design

The contracting process is a crucial step in alliance development and its success. However, the existing literature reveals surprisingly little investigation into how organizational learning relates to the process of contract making. We therefore conducted an in-depth longitudinal study of the alliance contracting process in the animated film industry. First, our findings suggest that during the contracting process, firms can learn about the way to deal with the contracting process, about themselves and their partner, and about the transaction features. Second, the case analysis indicates a combination of experiential, vicarious, and inferential learning mechanisms. Combining these insights into the objects and the mechanisms of learning during the contracting process, we discuss how contracting and learning processes are related and analyze the role of the contracting process in supporting organizational learning. The findings show that the drafting of contractual clauses fosters learning and, in turn, this learning triggers new contractual negotiations. Hence we suggest that the alignment between transaction features and the choice of contractual governance results from learning during the contracting process. We then propose avenues for future research.
GERMAN 5-YEAR-OLDS' INTONATIONAL MARKING OF INFORMATION STATUS

This paper reports on findings from an elicited production task with German 5-year-old children, investigating their use of intonation to mark information status of discourse referents. In line with findings for adults, new referents were preferably marked by H* and L+H*; textually given referents were mainly deaccented. Accessible referents (whose first mentions were less recent) were mostly accented, and predominantly also realised with H* and L+H*, showing children’s sensitivity to recency of mention. No evidence for the consistent use of a special ‘accessibility accent’ H+L* (as has been proposed for adult German) was found.
A type-theoretic interpretation of standard ML

It has been nearly twenty years since Robin Milner introduced ML as the metalanguage of the LCF interactive theorem prover [5]. His elegant use of abstract types to ensure validity of machine-generated proofs, combined with his innovative and exible polymorphic type discipline, and supported by his rigorous proof of soundness for the language, inspired a large body of research into the type structure of programming languages. As a design tool type theory gives substance to informal ideas such as \orthogonality" and \safety" and provides a framework for evaluating and comparing languages. As an implementation tool type theory provides a framework for structuring compilers and supports the use of e cient data representations even in the presence of polymorphism [28, 27]. Milner's work on ML culminated in his ambitious proposal for Standard ML [17] that sought to extend ML to a full-scale programming language supporting functional and imperative programming and an expressive module system. Standard ML presented a serious challenge to rigorous formalization of its static and dynamic semantics. These challenges were met in The De nition of Standard ML (hereafter, The De nition), which provided a precise de nition of the static and dynamic semantics in a uniform relational framework. A key di culty in the formulation of the static semantics of Standard ML is to manage the propagation of type information in a program so as to support data abstraction while avoiding excessive notational burdens on the programmer. This is achieved in The De nition through the use of \generative stamps". Roughly speaking, each type is assigned a unique \stamp" that serves as proxy for the underlying representation of that type. This ensures that two abstract types with the same representation are distinguished from one another, and facilitates the use of type inference-based techniques in the semantics of modules. The stamp formalism does not inhibit the dynamic semantics of the language because types are erased prior to execution. Consequently, no management of stamps is required at run-time. Much recent research on both the metatheory and implementation of programming languages is based on an explicitly-typed interpretation in which the dynamic semantics is de ned on typed, rather than typeerased, programs [28, 2]. From a semantic viewpoint programs are seen as intrinsically typed, and hence fundamental relations such as operational equivalence are de ned so as to limit the set of observations to those that make type sense. From an implementation viewpoint types are used to determine the behavior of primitive operations (such as array subscripting) and to perform storage management at run-time. The
Characterizing food prices in India

This paper seeks to improve our understanding of the behaviour of wholesale price index (WPI) of 24 selected food products in India over a long period of time. The hypothesis of declining trend in prices is not found for all commodities although we do find that price of food grains exhibit a negative trend as a result of positive productivity shock. Two main finding of this paper in the context of cyclical behaviour of prices are: asymmetry in the duration spent in boom and slump and the fact that the price cycle does not have a consistent shape. This has implications for formulating counter cyclical policies.
POSTER: Identity-based steganography and its applications to censorship resistance

The use of public-key steganography has been proposed for several censorship-resistance systems. However, distribution of the employed public keys presents an availability, scalability, and security challenge in many of these. To mitigate this problem, we introduce the notion of identity-based steganography. In particular, we define identity-based steganographic tagging (IBST), which allows a sender to produce a steganographic tag for a recipient's identity such that the tag can only be recognized by the intended recipient using her (identity-based) private key. We instantiate our definition by an efficient IBST scheme, provably secure under the bilinear decisional Diffie-Hellman assumption. We find IBST to be particularly useful when the censors are able to impede distribution of cryptographic keys or break forward security by compromising system agents. As two representative applications of IBST to censorship resistance systems, we first present an efficient and dynamic solution for the key distribution problem in Collage and second, we demonstrate that IBST can improve the scalability of Message in a Bottle.
Regulation of GABA transporter activity and mRNA expression by estrogen in rat preoptic area

This study has examined whether estrogen regulates GABA transporter synthesis and activity in the female rat brain. In the first experiment in situ hybridization studies examined the effects of ovariectomy on cellular GABA transporter-1 (GAT-1) mRNA content. A 25% decrease in GAT- 1 mRNA expression was detected within the medial preoptic area (MPOA) but not the parietal cortex, magnocellular preoptic nucleus (Mg-POA) or caudate-putamen (C-P). Estrogen replacement for 7 d returned GAT-1 mRNA content of MPOA cells to levels observed in intact rats. In the second experiment, the effect of increased brain GABA concentrations on GAT-1 mRNA expression was investigated by treating rats with gamma-vinyl GABA, a GABA-transaminase inhibitor. Although resulting in a twofold increase in tissue GABA content, in situ hybridization experiments revealed no changes in GAT-1 transcript expression. A third series of experiments examined GABA transporter activity in vitro using a 3H GABA uptake assay in MPOA, cortex, and C-P punches. Nipecotic acid (10 microM) reduced specific 3H GABA uptake in all three brain regions while 100 microM beta-alanine only reduced uptake in the MPOA. Estrogen treatment for 7 d resulted in a significant increase in 3H GABA uptake in the MPOA but not the cortex or C-P. The presence of a putative estrogen response element in the GAT-1 gene and the effects demonstrated here on GAT-1 mRNA content and GABA transporter activity indicate that estrogen may influence GAT-1 gene transcription to alter GABA transporter function within the MPOA but not the C-P or cortex.
A systems biology analysis of the changes in gene expression via silencing of HPV-18 E1 expression in HeLa cells

Previous studies have reported the detection of a truncated E1 mRNA generated from HPV-18 in HeLa cells. Although it is unclear whether a truncated E1 protein could function as a replicative helicase for viral replication, it would still retain binding sites for potential interactions with different host cell proteins. Furthermore, in this study, we found evidence in support of expression of full-length HPV-18 E1 mRNA in HeLa cells. To determine whether interactions between E1 and cellular proteins play an important role in cellular processes other than viral replication, genome-wide expression profiles of HPV-18 positive HeLa cells were compared before and after the siRNA knockdown of E1 expression. Differential expression and gene set enrichment analysis uncovered four functionally related sets of genes implicated in host defence mechanisms against viral infection. These included the toll-like receptor, interferon and apoptosis pathways, along with the antiviral interferon-stimulated gene set. In addition, we found that the transcriptional coactivator E1A-binding protein p300 (EP300) was downregulated, which is interesting given that EP300 is thought to be required for the transcription of HPV-18 genes in HeLa cells. The observed changes in gene expression produced via the silencing of HPV-18 E1 expression in HeLa cells indicate that in addition to its well-known role in viral replication, the E1 protein may also play an important role in mitigating the host's ability to defend against viral infection.
Investigation of the factors influencing primary hypertension in childhood

Aim: Primary hypertension is the most important risk factor for chronic kidney disease in adulthood. The genesis of essential hypertension is likely to be multifactorial. The aim of this study is to investigate the causing factors of primary hypertension detected by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in children. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six patients who had blood pressure higher than 90 percentile during the healthy children follow-up and 27 healthy children with the normal blood pressure were included in the study. Twenty-four hour blood pressure measurements with the blood pressure monitor were recorded as the day-night mean blood pressure, the blood pressure loads and the dipper-non-dipper characteristics. Plasma renin levels, serum aldosterone, nitric oxide and endothelin levels and amounts of sodium and potassium excretion in the 24 hour urine and were investigated in all patients and the control group. Results: Laboratory evaluations of the patients showed that the patient group has higher mean levels of plasma renin, lower mean levels of blood endothelin and mean levels of urinary sodium excretion than the control group. Conclusion: In the pathogenesis of childhood primary hypertension and white coat hypertension, which were seen in the half of the children diagnosed as primary hypertension, plasma renin and urinary sodium excretion had important roles.