Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementation of Risk Management with SCRUM to Achieve CMMI Requirements

Majority of the software development companies are practicing agile methods to develop high quality products. SCRUM is one of the most widely used agile methods. Capability maturity model integration (CMMI) is one of the quality standards for software companies. In this research, we propose an implementation of risk management with SCRUM in order to make it compatible with CMMI. We conducted a survey to validate the proposed solution. Questionnaire includes 20 questions that are divided into three goals. The proposed solution is validated through survey with support of 70.94%. We anticipate that the proposed solution will enable software companies to achieve CMMI and it will also improve the quality of software products.
Circulating Levels of Fatty Acid-Binding Protein Family and Metabolic Phenotype in the General Population

Objective Fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) are a family of 14-15-kDa proteins, and some FABPs have been to be used as biomarkers of tissue injury by leak from cells. However, recent studies have shown that FABPs can be secreted from cells into circulation. Here we examined determinants and roles of circulating FABPs in a general population. Methods From the database of the Tanno-Sobetsu Study, a study with a population-based cohort design, data in 2011 for 296 subjects on no medication were retrieved, and FABP1∼5 in their serum samples were assayed. Results Level of FABP4, but not the other isoforms, showed a gender difference, being higher in females than in males. Levels of all FABPs were negatively correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), but a distinct pattern of correlation with other clinical parameters was observed for each FABP isoform; significant correlates were alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood pressure (BP), and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) for FABP1, none besides eGFR for FABP2, age, BP, and BNP for FABP3, age, waist circumference (WC), BP, BNP, lipid variables, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), and HOMA-R for FABP4, and age, WC, BP, ALT, BNP, and HOMA-R for FABP5. FABP4 is the most strongly related to metabolic markers among FABPs. In a multivariate regression analysis, FABP4 level was an independent predictor of HOMA-R after adjustment of age, gender, WC, BP, HDL cholesterol, and hsCRP. Conclusions Each FABP isoform level showed a distinct pattern of correlation with clinical parameters, although levels of all FABPs were negatively determined by renal function. Circulating FABP4 appears to be a useful biomarker for detecting pre-clinical stage of metabolic syndrome, especially insulin resistance, in the general population.
The Impact of Client Nonpayment on the Income of Contingent Workers: Evidence from the Freelancers Union Independent Worker Survey

The authors use the Freelancers Union's annual Independent Worker Survey (IWS) from 2007 to 2011, the union's administrative membership file, and the American Community Survey to estimate the extent to which client nonpayment of independent workers is a problem and the ability of a written contract to reduce the odds of nonpayment. They develop tests for nonresponse and sample selection biases, although due to a lack of instrumental variables and contract endogeneity, they must speculate on the size of the bias. They find that contract use is associated with income that is 13.7% higher (for New York State respondents 21.7% higher) than income produced without a contract. They also find that contract use reduces nonpayment; however, even when a contract is used, 38.8% of respondents still had trouble getting paid: One-third were paid late, and 10% were either paid less than the agreed upon amount or were never paid.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Functional Imaging Studies of Emotion Regulation: a Synthetic Review and Evolving Model of the Cognitive Control of Emotion

This paper reviews and synthesizes functional imaging research that over the past decade has begun to offer new insights into the brain mechanisms underlying emotion regulation. Toward that end, the first section of the paper outlines a model of the processes and neural systems involved in emotion generation and regulation. The second section surveys recent research supporting and elaborating the model, focusing primarily on studies of the most commonly investigated strategy, which is known as reappraisal. At its core, the model specifies how prefrontal and cingulate control systems modulate activity in perceptual, semantic, and affect systems as a function of one's regulatory goals, tactics, and the nature of the stimuli and emotions being regulated. This section also shows how the model can be generalized to understand the brain mechanisms underlying other emotion regulation strategies as well as a range of other allied phenomena. The third and last section considers directions for future research, including how basic models of emotion regulation can be translated to understand changes in emotion across the life span and in clinical disorders.
Simultaneous attitude stabilization and power tracking for a spacecraft with two VSCMGs

An integrated power and attitude control system with two variable speed control moment gyroscopes positioned with their spin axes nominally co-aligned on the longitudinal roll axis of spacecraft is discussed. The system facilitates the management of electrical power and the generation of attitude control torque by accelerating or decelerating the flywheels to change the amounts of their angular momentum. Furthermore, the attitude control torque is also generated by providing the gimbal angular velocity with respect to the spacecraft body. The present research provides detailed description of the flywheel configuration and develops the complete equations of motion. A discontinuous time-invariant feedback control law is developed for attitude stabilization of the underactuated system under the restriction of zero total angular momentum. Simultaneous power tracking is completed by using a null space solution. This proposed conception is supposed to provide useful operation over very long-duration flights in light weight and low cost because of eliminating the traditional propulsive system and utilizing less flywheels than previous researches.
A W-band InAs/AlSb low-noise/low-power amplifier

The first W-band antimonide based compound semiconductor low-noise amplifier has been demonstrated. The compact 1.4-mm/sup 2/ three-stage co-planar waveguide amplifier with 0.1-/spl mu/m InAs/AlSb high electron mobility transistor devices is fabricated on a 100-/spl mu/m GaAs substrate. Minimum noise-figure of 5.4dB with an associated gain of 11.1 dB is demonstrated at a total chip dissipation of 1.8 mW at 94 GHz. Biased for higher gain, 16/spl plusmn/1 dB is measured over a 77-103 GHz frequency band.
Inverse Association between Serum Bilirubin Levels and Arterial Stiffness in Korean Women with Type 2 Diabetes

Background Considerable evidence suggests that bilirubin is a potent physiologic antioxidant that may provide important protection against cardiovascular disease (CVD) and inflammation. We investigated the relationship between serum total bilirubin (TB) levels and arterial stiffness, measured by the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 1,711 subjects with type 2 diabetes (807 men and 904 women; mean age, 57.1 years). The subjects were stratified based on gender-specific tertiles of TB values, and a high baPWV was defined as greater than 1,745 cm/s ( >75th percentile). Results The serum TB concentration was negatively correlated with the duration of diabetes, HbA1c, the 10-year Framingham risk score, and baPWV and was positively correlated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the eGFR in both genders. Inverse association between TB categories and unadjusted prevalence of high PWV was only observed in women. After adjusting for confounding factors, the TB levels were inversely associated with a greater risk of a high baPWV, both as a continuous variable [a 1-SD difference; odds ratio (OR), 0.70; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.54–0.90; P = 0.005] and when categorized in tertiles (the highest vs. the lowest tertile; OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.28–0.85; P = 0.011) in women but not in men. The relationship remained significant even after adjusting for retinopathy and nephropathy. Conclusions Low TB levels were significantly associated with arterial stiffness in Korean women with type 2 diabetes. Our data suggested that bilirubin may protect against macrovascular disease in diabetic women.
Quantile Trends in Temperature Extremes in China

Abstract A number of recent studies have examined trends in extreme temperature indices using a linear regression model based on ordinary least-squares. In this study, quantile regression was, for the first time, applied to examine the trends not only in the mean but also in all parts of the distribution of several extreme temperature indices in China for the period 1960–2008. For China as a whole, the slopes in almost all the quantiles of the distribution showed a notable increase in the numbers of warm days and warm nights, and a significant decrease in the number of cool nights. These changes became much faster as the quantile increased. However, although the number of cool days exhibited a significant decrease in the mean trend estimated by classical linear regression, there was no obvious trend in the upper and lower quantiles. This finding suggests that examining the trends in different parts of the distribution of the time-series is of great importance. The spatial distribution of the trend in the 90th quantile indicated that there was a pronounced increase in the numbers of warm days and warm nights, and a decrease in the number of cool nights for most of China, but especially in the northern and western parts of China, while there was no significant change for the number of cool days at almost all the stations.
IEEE 802.11p: Laboratory measurements and analysis

The IEEE 802.11p amendment to the ubiquitous IEEE 802.11 standard has been recently published. It addresses some modifications to the Medium Access Control (MAC) and physical layers to better suit the requirements of communications between moving vehicles. Even though the industrial diffusion of IEEE 802.11p equipment has been very limited so far, still it has gained popularity for uses in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs), mostly for safety applications, e.g., lane change or accident notification through opportunistic multi-hop transmissions. In this paper we report the main differences brought by the ‘p’ amendment, and report the results from testbed tests carried out in our laboratories with NEC Linkbird-MX IEEE 802.11p cards, which are among the first public data from real measurements made available to the scientific community.
Person Re-identification Using Spatial Covariance Regions of Human Body Parts

In many surveillance systems there is a requirement todetermine whether a given person of interest has alreadybeen observed over a network of cameras. This is the personre-identification problem. The human appearance obtainedin one camera is usually different from the ones obtained inanother camera. In order to re-identify people the humansignature should handle difference in illumination, pose andcamera parameters. We propose a new appearance modelbased on spatial covariance regions extracted from humanbody parts. The new spatial pyramid scheme is applied tocapture the correlation between human body parts in orderto obtain a discriminative human signature. The humanbody parts are automatically detected using Histograms ofOriented Gradients (HOG). The method is evaluated usingbenchmark video sequences from i-LIDS Multiple-CameraTracking Scenario data set. The re-identification performanceis presented using the cumulative matching characteristic(CMC) curve. Finally, we show that the proposedapproach outperforms state of the art methods.
‘You don't want to be a check‐out chick all your life’: The out‐migration of young people from Australia's small rural towns

Globalisation and changes in agriculture have resulted in major social changes in inland Australia. Depopulation of the inland has led many to speculate on the future of rural towns and rural people. This paper will examine population drifts from country towns to cities and from the inland to the coastal regions and, in particular, the out-migration of young people. In doing this, the paper focuses on several small towns in central New South Wales that have been the subject of intensive study during 2000 and 2001. Drawing on analysis of Australian Bureau of Statistics figures, in-depth interviews and focus groups with key informants and surveys with young people and their parents in small rural communities the paper will report on the loss of young people and the greater loss of young women from these areas. It is argued that this outmigration of young people is linked to the need to seek higher education and also to the loss of full-time jobs for young people. The loss of these jobs is the result of changes in agricultural production, labour market restructuring and a withdrawal of public and private sector services. It is further argued that current reliance by governments on market based and community self-help solutions is not enough to provide a future for rural communities. Even if economic growth occurs this will not solve the problem of loss of young people, and the greater loss of young women, nor will it address the issue of access to education and training. Rather far greater attention to human capital (access to education, training and employment), institutional capital (government and non-government services and infrastructure) and social capital (strong networks) is needed if Australia's small rural towns are to survive and flourish.
Frequency-domain approach to multiuser detection in DS-CDMA communications

By introducing a new spreading approach and employing orthogonal signature sequences over the frequency domain, we propose a new category of near-optimum multiuser detectors, whose complexity is as low as the detector in point-to-point communications, in the asynchronous additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channels. These newly proposed schemes do not have to maintain synchronous CDMA operations and are mathematically proved to be equally well-performed in asynchronous operations.
A Proposal for Evaluating Answer Distillation from Web Data

Information retrieval systems can attempt to answer the user’s query directly, by extracting an appropriate passage of text from a corpus and presenting it on the results page. However, sometimes the passage of text contains extraneous information, or multiple passages are needed to form an answer. In cases like these, some sort of answer distillation system could be useful, taking as input the query and the answer-containing passage, and producing a succinct answer for presentation to the user. We formulate the problem of answer distillation as a sub-problem of machine comprehension and natural language generation, drawing techniques from neural machine learning, information retrieval, and natural language processing. To do well in answer distillation, we could benefit from a dataset consisting of many examples of query-passage pairs with their corresponding “ground-truth” or distilled answers. We also need to have a metric to measure the quality of the distilled answers. In this paper we share our early ideas on building such a dataset and solicit feedback from the community. Our goal is to align our needs for an answer distillation dataset and the needs of future academic research in this space. In particular, we propose that having a large number of reference answers available per query would be beneficial, and consequently suggest extensions to metrics like BLEU and METEOR for the scenario where this is true.
Follicular Regulatory CD8 T Cells Impair the Germinal Center Response in SIV and Ex Vivo HIV Infection

During chronic HIV infection, viral replication is concentrated in secondary lymphoid follicles. Cytotoxic CD8 T cells control HIV replication in extrafollicular regions, but not in the follicle. Here, we show CXCR5hiCD44hiCD8 T cells are a regulatory subset differing from conventional CD8 T cells, and constitute the majority of CD8 T cells in the follicle. This subset, CD8 follicular regulatory T cells (CD8 TFR), expand in chronic SIV infection, exhibit enhanced expression of Tim-3 and IL-10, and express less perforin compared to conventional CD8 T cells. CD8 TFR modestly limit HIV replication in follicular helper T cells (TFH), impair TFH IL-21 production via Tim-3, and inhibit IgG production by B cells during ex vivo HIV infection. CD8 TFR induce TFH apoptosis through HLA-E, but induce less apoptosis than conventional CD8 T cells. These data demonstrate that a unique regulatory CD8 population exists in follicles that impairs GC function in HIV infection.
Photic Sensitivity Ranges of Hamster Pupillary and Circadian Phase Responses Do Not Overlap

Mammalian retinal photoreceptors form an irradiance detection system that drives many nonvisual responses to light such as pupil reflex and resetting of the circadian clock. To understand the role of pupil size in circadian light responses, pupil diameter was pharmacologically manipulated and the effect on behavioral phase shifts at different irradiance levels was studied in the Syrian hamster. Dose-response curves for steady-state pupil size and for behavioral phase shifts were constructed for 3 pupil conditions (dilated, constricted, and control). Retinal irradiance was calculated from corneal irradiance, pupil size, retinal surface area, and absorption of ocular media. The sensitivity of photic responses to retinal irradiance is approximately 1.5 log units higher than to corneal irradiance. When plotted against corneal irradiance, pharmacological pupil constriction reduces the light sensitivity of the circadian system, but pupil dilation has no effect. As expected, when plotted against retinal irradiance all dose-response curves superimposed, confirming that the circadian system responds to photon flux on the retina. Pupil dilation does not increase the circadian response to increasing irradiance, since the response of the circadian system attains saturation at irradiance levels lower than those required to induce pupil constriction. The main finding shows that due to the different response sensitivities, the effect of pupil constriction on the light sensitivity of the circadian system in the hamster under natural conditions is virtually negligible. We further suggest the existence of distinct modulating mechanisms for the differential retinal irradiance sensitivity of the pupil system and the circadian system, which enables the different responses to be tuned to their specific tasks while using similar photoreceptive input.
Improved ARV Rounding in Small-set Expanders and Graphs of Bounded Threshold Rank

We prove a structure theorem for the feasible solutions of the Arora-Rao-Vazirani SDP relaxation on low threshold rank graphs and on small-set expanders. We show that if G is a graph of bounded threshold rank or a small-set expander, then an optimal solution of the Arora-Rao-Vazirani relaxation (or of any stronger version of it) can be almost entirely covered by a small number of balls of bounded radius. Then, we show that, if k is the number of balls, a solution of this form can be rounded with an approximation factor of O(sqrt {log k}) in the case of the Arora-Rao-Vazirani relaxation, and with a constant-factor approximation in the case of the k-th round of the Sherali-Adams hierarchy starting at the Arora-Rao-Vazirani relaxation. The structure theorem and the rounding scheme combine to prove the following result, where G=(V,E) is a graph of expansion \phi(G), \lambda_k is the k-th smallest eigenvalue of the normalized Laplacian of G, and \phi_k(G) = \min_{disjoint S_1,. ,S_k} \max_{1 > log^{2.5} k \cdot phi(G) or \phi_{k} (G) >> log k \cdot sqrt{log n}\cdot loglog n\cdot \phi(G), then the Arora-Rao-Vazirani relaxation can be rounded in polynomial time with an approximation ratio O(sqrt{log k}). Stronger approximation guarantees are achievable in time exponential in k via relaxations in the Lasserre hierarchy. Guruswami and Sinop [GS13] and Arora, Ge and Sinop [AGS13] prove that 1+eps approximation is achievable in time 2^{O(k)} poly(n) if either \lambda_k > \phi(G)/ poly(eps), or if SSE_{n/k} > sqrt{log k log n} \cdot \phi(G)/ poly(eps), where SSE_s is the minimal expansion of sets of size at most s.
Lateral presentation of faces alters overall viewing strategy

Eye tracking has been used during face categorisation and identification tasks to identify perceptually salient facial features and infer underlying cognitive processes. However, viewing patterns are influenced by a variety of gaze biases, drawing fixations to the centre of a screen and horizontally to the left side of face images (left-gaze bias). In order to investigate potential interactions between gaze biases uniquely associated with facial expression processing, and those associated with screen location, face stimuli were presented in three possible screen positions to the left, right and centre. Comparisons of fixations between screen locations highlight a significant impact of the screen centre bias, pulling fixations towards the centre of the screen and modifying gaze biases generally observed during facial categorisation tasks. A left horizontal bias for fixations was found to be independent of screen position but interacting with screen centre bias, drawing fixations to the left hemi-face rather than just to the left of the screen. Implications for eye tracking studies utilising centrally presented faces are discussed.
Parent–Child Book-Reading Styles, Emotional Quality, and Changes in Early Head Start Children’s Cognitive Scores

ABSTRACT Research Findings: The objective of this study was to understand how instructional book-reading style and emotional quality of reading interact and relate to cognitive skills in a sample of at-risk infants and toddlers. Participants were 81 parents and their children participating in Early Head Start programs in the rural Midwest. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were used to test the hypothesis that parental book-reading instructional style and emotional quality interact and relate to changes in children’s cognitive scores for culturally and linguistically diverse families. Results included that there were variations in how book-reading qualities interacted and related to changes in child cognitive scores for families whose primary home languages were either English or Spanish. Practice or Policy: The results of this study are discussed in conjunction with findings from a previous study published in this journal that examined concurrent relationships in the same sample of Early Head Start families. Combined, findings of these studies underscore a need to further explore potentially complex patterns of relationships among parental literacy behaviors and child knowledge, concurrently and across time, for culturally and linguistically diverse families. Better understanding these patterns could inform the development and implementation of culturally sensitive intervention approaches designed to support high-quality parent–child book reading.