Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Modulation Based on Finite-Rate Feedback in Multiuser Diversity Systems

In a single-input single-output (SISO) downlink with multiple users, to obtain the multiuser diversity gain, the full channel state information (CSI) for all users is required for selecting the 'best' user and transmission mode. However, feedback channels are often capable of carrying only a limited number of bits. With such rate-limited feedback links, we intend to maximize the sum-rate of systems with average power and bit-error rate (BER) constraints by varying the transmission mode according to feedback information. Althrough in multiuser systems with finite-rate feedback, the scheduled user is not necessarily the 'best' user, this work turns out to be a design of transmission modes based on CSI of the 'best' user. A nested iterative algorithm is proposed to obtain optimal thresholds and discrete transmission modes. Simulation results demonstrate the throughput with finite-rate feedback approaches that with perfect CSI when the feedback rate increases. As the number of users increases, the multiuser diversity gain is achieved and the average feedback load is reduced without the decrease of throughput.
Maxillary sinus lift performed using ultrasound. Evaluation of 21 patients.

PURPOSE The aim of the present study was to evaluate the sinus membrane perforations that occurred during a sinus lift procedure using the ultrasound technique, and to evaluate the bone gain obtained. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 21 patients, 26 sinus lifts were performed using ultrasound and filled with bone graft material. The bone height and the bone gain obtained were observed in postoperative orthopantomographs, correcting for previous distortion. RESULTS Of the 26 maxillary sinus lifts, 4 Schneiderian membrane perforations were observed. The average bone height prior to the intervention was 3.5 mm (scale 0.6- 8.7 mm ) and the average postsurgical bone height was 10.8 mm (scale 7.5- 15.6 mm). An average bone gain of 7.2 mm was observed (range 2.5- 11.7 mm). CONCLUSIONS Based on the results of this study, during ultrasound sinus lift, few Schneiderian membrane perforations occurred and all were small .
Effects of provisioning ecotourism activity on the behaviour of white sharks Carcharodon carcharias

Ecotourism operations which provide food to large predators have the potential to neg- atively affect their target species, by conditioning them to associate humans with food, or by gener- ally altering their behavioural patterns. This latter effect could have potentially detrimental conse- quences for the ecosystem inhabited by the predator, because any behavioural changes could affect the species with which they interact. We present the results of an experimental study conducted from June to October 2004, which examined the effects of provisioning ecotourism on the behaviour of white sharks around a seal colony on a small island in South Africa. Although ecotourism activity had an effect on the behaviour of some sharks, this was relatively minor, and the majority of sharks showed little interest in the food rewards on offer. It is unlikely that conditioning would occur from the amount of ecotourism activity tested, because even those sharks identified supplying most of the data presented here (which may be more strongly predisposed towards conditioning, as their persis- tence around the boat is what allowed them to be identified) showed a nearly ubiquitous trend of decreasing response with time. Furthermore, even the sharks frequently acquiring food rewards typically stopped responding after several interactions. Consequently, moderate levels of ecotourism probably have only a minor impact on the behaviour of white sharks, and are therefore unlikely to create behavioural effects at the ecosystem level.
Mobilization of HIV Spread by Diaphanous 2 Dependent Filopodia in Infected Dendritic Cells

Paramount to the success of persistent viral infection is the ability of viruses to navigate hostile environments en route to future targets. In response to such obstacles, many viruses have developed the ability of establishing actin rich-membrane bridges to aid in future infections. Herein through dynamic imaging of HIV infected dendritic cells, we have observed how viral high-jacking of the actin/membrane network facilitates one of the most efficient forms of HIV spread. Within infected DC, viral egress is coupled to viral filopodia formation, with more than 90% of filopodia bearing immature HIV on their tips at extensions of 10 to 20 µm. Live imaging showed HIV filopodia routinely pivoting at their base, and projecting HIV virions at µm. sec−1 along repetitive arc trajectories. HIV filopodial dynamics lead to up to 800 DC to CD4 T cell contacts per hour, with selection of T cells culminating in multiple filopodia tethering and converging to envelope the CD4 T-cell membrane with budding HIV particles. Long viral filopodial formation was dependent on the formin diaphanous 2 (Diaph2), and not a dominant Arp2/3 filopodial pathway often associated with pathogenic actin polymerization. Manipulation of HIV Nef reduced HIV transfer 25-fold by reducing viral filopodia frequency, supporting the potency of DC HIV transfer was dependent on viral filopodia abundance. Thus our observations show HIV corrupts DC to CD4 T cell interactions by physically embedding at the leading edge contacts of long DC filopodial networks.
Can the BASNEF Model Help to Develop Self-Administered Healthy Behavior in Iranian Youth?

Background: The stage of youth is critical for human development in several ways. On the one hand, it can lead people towards the adoption of a healthy lifestyle during adulthood based on these earlier practices. On the other hand, it can comprise the development of healthy living practices later on in live, an outcome which is often caused by the youth adopting a risky lifestyle early on. Objectives: The primary objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of implementing an educational intervention program based on the BASNEF Model (a simplified approach to understanding behavior), designed to cultivate self-administered lifestyle control skills in youths. Materials and Methods: This was a quasi-experimental intervention study, implemented during 2010 - 2011. A total of 288 randomly selected high-school students between the ages of 15 and 17 participated in this study. These students were later divided into experimental and control groups. Subjects completed a BASNEF questionnaire at the baseline (pre-test), one month later (post-test) and three months after the educational intervention (follow-up). Four educational sessions were held, each of a 120 - 150 minute duration. After the data had been collected, the ANOVA test was used to compare trends in changes. The Pearson correlation coefficient was then used to analyze the correlation between components of the BASNEF model. Finally, regression analysis was used to determine the predictive power of the study. Results: Results from the intervention study reveal that the beliefs and attitudes about nutrition of the intervention group, calculated in terms of scores, improved significantly for both male and female subjects (P < 0.001) as compared to the control group. The mean BASNEF scores for improvements in beliefs among girls and boys were 79.2% and 70.1%, respectively and for attitudes, 61.2% and 59.4%. The increase was significantly higher in the intervention group (P < 0.001). Furthermore, participation in physical activity was more frequent among members of the intervention group than among those in the control group (P < 0.001). Conclusions: The BASNEF model could be effective in encouraging the adoption of nutritious eating habits and more active lifestyles at an early age in order to foster long-term health and well-being.
Modification of the Cardiovascular Effects of L‐Dopa in Anesthetized Dogs by Inhibitors of Enzymes Involved in Catecholamine Metabolism

The influence of various enzyme inhibitors on the cardiovascular effects of L-dopa (methylester) has been studied to determine the sites of action of the drug or a responsible metabolite. L-Dopa, 10 mg/kg, iv, had minor early effects on heart rate and blood pressure in normal dogs, but in animals with inhibition of monoamine oxidase (MAO), it caused tachycardia and severe hypotension of gradual onset. When MAO was inhibited, earlier doses of a dopamine β-oxidase inhibitor (FLA 63) did not significantly modify the effects of L-dopa; prior administration of a decarboxylase inhibitor, NSD 1055 or Ro 4-4602, prevented all but the initial effects; selective extracerebral decarboxylase inhibition with MK 486 (L-α-hydrazino-α-methyldopa) prevented the tachycardia but not the hypotension. DL-threo-Dihydroxyphenylserine caused an initial rise in blood pressure in dogs with MAO inhibition, had less pressor activity when peripheral decarboxylase was also inhibited, and in both cases did not cause the hypotension characteristic of L-dopa. L-Dopa enhanced pressor responses and especially associated bradycardic responses to norepinephrine in dogs with MAO inhibition. This action was prevented by all decarboxylase inhibitors but not FLA 63. Responses to angiotensin were similarly augmented. Thus, MAO inhibition enabled L-dopa to induce severe hypotension, which appeared to rely on a central conversion to dopamine; the other effects were probably mediated by peripherally formed dopamine.
Web GIS-Based Public Health Surveillance Systems: A Systematic Review

Web Geographic Information System (Web GIS) has been extensively and successfully exploited in various arenas. However, to date, the application of this technology in public health surveillance has yet to be systematically explored in the Web 2.0 era. We reviewed existing Web GIS-based Public Health Surveillance Systems (WGPHSSs) and assessed them based on 20 indicators adapted from previous studies. The indicators comprehensively cover various aspects of WGPHSS development, including metadata, data, cartography, data analysis, and technical aspects. Our literature search identified 58 relevant journal articles and 27 eligible WGPHSSs. Analyses of results revealed that WGPHSSs were frequently used for infectious-disease surveillance, and that geographical and performance inequalities existed in their development. The latest Web and Web GIS technologies have been used in developing WGPHSSs; however, significant deficiencies in data analysis, system compatibility, maintenance, and accessibility exist. A balance between public health surveillance and privacy concerns has yet to be struck. Use of news and social media as well as Web-user searching records as data sources, participatory public health surveillance, collaborations among health sectors at different spatial levels and among various disciplines, adaption or reuse of existing WGPHSSs, and adoption of geomashup and open-source development models were identified as the directions for advancing WGPHSSs.
Further remarks on a distributed approach to sediment delivery

Abstract In this paper the sediment delivery relationship, i.e. the relationship between the basin sediment delivery ratio SDRW and the sediment delivery ratio SDRi of each morphological unit, i, into which a basin is divided, is firstly tested using morphological data (length, steepness and area of each unit) from six Sicilian and three Calabrian basins. Then a coefficient α of the sediment delivery relationship is related to several channel network parameters affecting the sediment transport efficiency. Finally, the spatial distribution of 137Cs activity measured in a small Australian basin is used for validating the predictive capability of the proposed distributed approach to sediment delivery.
High‐throughput collagen fingerprinting of intact microfaunal remains; a low‐cost method for distinguishing between murine rodent bones

Rationale Microfaunal skeletal remains can be sensitive indicators of the contemporary ecosystem in which they are sampled and are often recovered in owl pellets in large numbers. Species identification of these remains can be obtained using a range of morphological criteria established for particular skeletal elements, but typically dominated by a reliance on cranial characters. However, this can induce biases under different environmental and taphonomic conditions. The aim of this research was to develop a high‐throughput method of objectively identifying rodent remains from archaeological deposits using collagen fingerprinting, most notably the identification of rats from other myomorph rodents as a means to identify disturbances in the archaeofauna through the presence of invasive taxa not contemporary with the archaeological deposits. Methods Collagen was extracted from complete microfaunal skeletal remains in such a manner as to leave the bones morphologically intact (i.e., weaker concentration of acid than previously used over shorter length of time). Acid‐soluble collagen was then ultrafiltered into ammonium bicarbonate and digested with trypsin prior to dilution in the MALDI matrix and acquisition of peptide mass fingerprints using a matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionisation time‐of‐flight (MALDI‐TOF) mass spectrometer. Results Collagen fingerprinting was able to distinguish between Rattus, Mus, Apodemus and Micromys at the genus level; at the species level, R. rattus and R. norvegicus could be separated whereas A. flavicollis and A. sylvaticus could not. A total of 12,317 archaeological microvertebrate samples were screened for myomorph signatures but none were found to be invasive rats (Rattus) or mice (Mus). Of the contemporary murine fauna, no harvest mice (Micromys) were identified and only 24 field mouse (Apodemus) discovered. Conclusions As a result, no evidence of recent bioturbation could be inferred from the faunal remains of these archaeological deposits. More importantly this work presents a method for high‐throughput screening of specific taxa and is the first application of collagen fingerprinting to microfaunal remains of archaeological specimens. © 2016 The Authors. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
The Wasted Generation: Intergenerational Trust in Russia

This paper was prepared for presentation at the Economic Science Association Meetingsheld in conjunction with the Allied Social Science Meetings, Washington, DC, January 3-5, 2003. An earlier version of this paper was presented at the Conference on Trust andCooperation, Washington University, Saint Louis, October 11-12, 2002. Support fromNational Science Foundation (OPP 00-82715), and the National Council for Eurasian andEast European Research is gratefully acknowledged. Those entities are not responsiblefor the contents of this manuscript. Special thanks go to Kevin Arceneaux for help incleaning data and verifying much of the analysis.
Calculations for mirror symmetry with D-branes

We study normal functions capturing D-brane superpotentials on several one- and two-parameter Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces and complete intersections in weighted pro- jective space. We calculate in the B-model and interpret the results using mirror symmetry in the large volume regime, albeit without identifying the precise A-model geometry in all cases. We identify new classes of extensions of Picard-Fuchs equations, as well as a novel type of topology changing phase transition involving quantum D-branes. A 4-d domain wall which is obtained in one region of closed string moduli space from wrapping a four-chain interpolating between two Lagrangian submanifolds is, for other values of the parameters, represented by a disk ending on a single Lagrangian.
Strong convergence for a common solution of variational inequalities, fixed point problems and zeros of finite maximal monotone mappings

In this paper, by the strongly positive linear bounded operator technique, a new generalized Mann-type hybrid composite extragradient CQ iterative algorithm is first constructed. Then by using the algorithm, we find a common element of the set of solutions of the variational inequality problem for a monotone, Lipschitz continuous mapping, the set of zeros of two families of finite maximal monotone mappings and the set of fixed points of an asymptotically κ-strict pseudocontractive mappings in the intermediate sense in a real Hilbert space. Finally, we prove the strong convergence of the iterative sequences, which extends and improves the corresponding previous works. c ©2016 All rights reserved.
Neural computations underlying social risk sensitivity

Under standard models of expected utility, preferences over stochastic events are assumed to be independent of the source of uncertainty. Thus, in decision-making, an agent should exhibit consistent preferences, regardless of whether the uncertainty derives from the unpredictability of a random process or the unpredictability of a social partner. However, when a social partner is the source of uncertainty, social preferences can influence decisions over and above pure risk attitudes (RA). Here, we compared risk-related hemodynamic activity and individual preferences for two sets of options that differ only in the social or non-social nature of the risk. Risk preferences in social and non-social contexts were systematically related to neural activity during decision and outcome phases of each choice. Individuals who were more risk averse in the social context exhibited decreased risk-related activity in the amygdala during non-social decisions, while individuals who were more risk averse in the non-social context exhibited the opposite pattern. Differential risk preferences were similarly associated with hemodynamic activity in ventral striatum at the outcome of these decisions. These findings suggest that social preferences, including aversion to betrayal or exploitation by social partners, may be associated with variability in the response of these subcortical regions to social risk.
Localized Realized Volatility Modeling

With the recent availability of high-frequency financial data the long-range dependence of volatility regained researchers’ interest and has led to the consideration of long-memory models for volatility. The long-range diagnosis of volatility, however, is usually stated for long sample periods, while for small sample sizes, such as one year, the volatility dynamics appears to be better described by short-memory processes. The ensemble of these seemingly contradictory phenomena point towards short-memory models of volatility with nonstationarities, such as structural breaks or regime switches, that spuriously generate a long memory pattern. In this paper we adopt this view on the dependence structure of volatility and propose a localized procedure for modeling realized volatility. That is at each point in time we determine a past interval over which volatility is approximated by a local linear process. A simulation study shows that long memory processes as well as short memory processes with structural breaks can be well approximated by this local approach. Furthermore, using S&P500 data we find that our local modeling approach outperforms long-memory type models and models with structural breaks in terms of predictability.
Competencies and Managerial Effectiveness: Putting Competencies to Work

To be effective the development of workplace and managerial skills must reflect the current and projected needs of the organization. It is a critical responsibility of senior management to identify the core competencies of the enterprise and to ensure that the competencies required by managers, specialists and the workforce in general are adequate and appropriate. The development of an effective competencies framework and a complimentary performance management program provide an opportunity for enterprise and individual growth, and in the longer term, can also increase shareholder value. The following article illustrates how this is accomplished through training and development, a supportive and motivating culture and management competence.
Behavioral and Antennal Responses of Drosophila suzukii (Diptera: Drosophilidae) to Volatiles From Fruit Extracts

ABSTRACT Native to Southeast Asia, the spotted wing drosophila, Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae), has become a serious pest of soft-skinned fruit crops since its introduction into North America and Europe in 2008. Current monitoring strategies use baits based on fermentation products; however, to date, no fruit-based volatile blends attractive to this fly have been identified. This is particularly important because females are able to cut into the epicarp of ripening fruit for oviposition. Thus, we conducted studies to: 1) investigate the behavioral responses of adult D. suzukii to volatiles from blueberry, cherry, raspberry, and strawberry fruit extracts; 2) identify the antennally active compounds from the most attractive among the tested extracts (raspberry) using gas chromatography (GC)—mass spectrometry and coupled gas chromatography —electroantennographic detection (GC-EAD); and 3) test a synthetic blend containing the EAD-active compounds identified from raspberry extract on adult attraction. In olfactometer studies, both female and male D. suzukii were attracted to all four fruit extracts. The attractiveness of the fruit extracts ranks as: raspberry ≥ strawberry > blueberry ≥ cherry. GC analyses showed that the fruit extracts emit distinct volatile compounds. In GC-EAD experiments, 11 raspberry extract volatiles consistently elicited antennal responses in D. suzukii. In choice test bioassays, a synthetic EAD-active blend attracted more D. suzukii than a blank control, but was not as attractive as the raspberry extract. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a behaviorally and antennally active blend of host fruit volatiles attractive to D. suzukii, offering promising opportunities for the development of improved monitoring and behaviourally based management tools.
Knot theory related to generalized and cyclotomic Hecke algebras of type ℬ

In [12] is established that knot isotopy in a 3-manifold may be interpreted in terms of Markov braid equivalence and, also, that the braids related to the 3-manifold form algebraic structures. Moreover, the sets of braids related to the solid torus or to the lens spaces L(p, 1) form groups, which are in fact the Artin braid groups of type B. As a consequence, in [12, 13] appeared the first construction of a Jones-type invariant using Hecke algebras of type B, and this had a natural interpretation as an isotopy invariant for oriented knots in a solid torus. In a further ‘horizontal’ development and using a different technique we constructed in [8] all such solid torus knot invariants derived from the Hecke algebras of type B. Furthermore, in [7] all Markov traces related to the Hecke algebras of type D were consequently constructed.