Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A THEOLOGY OF SOCIAL ENGAGEMENT FOR EVANGELICALS: THE REIGN OF GOD AND SOCIAL TRANSFORMATION

This thesis emerges from my own concerns about how North American evangelicals approach social and environmental challenges. As an evangelical pastor I continue to be troubled by the lack of attention paid by evangelicals to actually making the world a better place. I began by investigating the theological reasons behind the evangelicals’ lack of commitment to social amelioration. In those studies I discovered eschatological concepts that shaped the evangelicals’ attitudes towards the socio-political world. Therefore, this thesis is an exploration of a cluster of related, yet complex subjects: evangelicals, eschatology, and social engagement. The primary aim of this thesis is to address the eschatology that shapes the approaches evangelicals take in engaging with the social and environmental challenges of our day. This thesis begins by describing the historical roots of contemporary evangelical eschatological theology. Having described the complexity of evangelical eschatology, the second chapter offers a sustained reflection on the neoevangelical critique of the pessimistic eschatological theologies that emerged from the A Theology of Social Engagement for Evangelicals: The Reign of God and Social Transformation
The role of formal L2 learning experience in L3 acquisition among early bilinguals

ABSTRACT Early bilingualism is thought to facilitate language learning [Klein, E. C. (1995). Second versus third language acquisition: Is there a difference? Language Learning, 45(3), 419–466; Cromdal, J. (1999). Childhood bilingualism and metalinguistic skills: Analysis and control in young Swedish-English bilinguals. Applied Psycholinguistics, 20(1), 1–20]. The present study tests whether experience with formal study of an L2 conveys further advantages to early bilinguals, and whether typological similarity of previously-learnt languages to L3 plays a significant role in L3 learning. Two groups of participants, Early Bilinguals (EBLs) and Early Bilinguals with formal L2 experience (EBLs+L2), were tested on acquisition of Korean case markers in four argument structures: intransitive verbs, transitive verbs with both arguments, transitive verbs with one omitted argument, and descriptive verbs. EBLs+L2 significantly outperformed EBLs and the two groups showed further differences by sentence type, with EBLs showing more difficulty with novel structures while EBLs+L2 did not. To examine the role of typological proximity, EBLs+L2 were divided into those who had studied Japanese (EBLs+Jap), which is structurally similar to Korean, and those with experience studying other languages (EBLs+non-Jap). In spite of typological similarity, EBLs+Jap did not significantly outperform EBLs+non-Jap overall. These results support the conclusion that formal study of an L2 conveys advantages to early bilinguals in L3 learning. Such experience results in greater metalinguistic awareness, allowing students to efficiently acquire structures that differ from their existing linguistic repertoire.
Optimization of Lattices for Quantization

A training algorithm for the design of lattices for vector quantization is presented. The algorithm uses a steepest descent method to adjust a generator matrix, in the search for a lattice whose Voronoi regions have minimal normalized second moment. The numerical elements of the found generator matrices are interpreted and translated into exact values. Experiments show that the algorithm is stable, in the sense that several independent runs reach equivalent lattices. The obtained lattices reach as low second moments as the best previously reported lattices, or even lower. Specifically, we report lattices in nine and ten dimensions with normalized second moments of 0.0716 and 0.0708, respectively, and nonlattice tessellations in seven and nine dimensions with 0.0727 and 0.0711, which improves on previously known values. The new nine- and ten-dimensional lattices suggest that Conway and Sloane's (1993) conjecture on the duality between the optimal lattices for packing and quantization might be false. A discussion of the application of lattices in vector quantizer design for various sources, uniform and nonuniform, is included.
Production of H+3 via photodissociation of organic molecules in interstellar clouds

We present experimental results obtained from photoionization and photodissociation processes of abundant interstellar CH3-X type organic molecules like methanol (CH3OH), methylamine (CH3NH2) and acetonitrile (CH3CN) as alternative route for the production of H + in interstellar and star forming environments. The measurements were taken at the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), employing soft X-ray photons with energies between 200 and 310 eV and time of flight mass spectrometry. Mass spect ra were obtained using the photoelectron-photoion coincidence techniques. Absolute averaged cross sections for H + production by soft X-rays were determined. We have found that, among the channels leading to molecular dissociation, the H + yield could reach values up to 0.7% for single photoionization process and up to 4% for process involving double photoionization. The H + photoproduction cross section due to the dissociation of the studied organic molecules by photons over the C1s edge (200-310 eV) were about 0.2-1.4 × 10 18 cm 2 . Adopting the typical X-ray luminosity
An experimental study of electrostatic discharge immunity testing for wearable devices

Wearable electronic devices have proliferated in recent years. Since such devices are used by attaching to a human, every time the human is electrically charged or discharged, the electric potential of such a wearable device abruptly changes. Thus the device is exposed in close proximity to the resultant transient electromagnetic fields, which may cause malfunctions in the device. Electrostatic discharge (ESD) immunity test methods that assume this situation are not yet developed in the present international standards. In this study, to investigate such ESD immunity testing, we considered the worst case as an ESD event which occurs when the body-mounted wearable device approaches a grounded conductor. In lieu of actual devices, we measured discharge currents caused by air discharges from a charged human through a hand-held metal bar or through a semi-sphere metal attached to the head, arm or waist. As a result, we found that at a human charge voltage of 1 kV, the peak current from the semi-sphere metal is large in order of the attachment of the waist (15.4 A), arm (12.8 A) and head (12.2 A), whereas the peak current (10.0 A) from the hand-held metal bar is the smallest. It was also found that the discharge currents from the semi-sphere metal decrease at around 50 ns regardless of the attachment positions, however, the current from the handheld metal bar continues to flow at over 90 ns. This suggests that ESD immunity testing for wearable devices needs different specifications of test equipment and test method from the conventional testing.
Children with Avoidant or Disorganized Attachment Relate Differently to a Dog and to Humans During a Socially Stressful Situation

ABSTRACT Human attachment representations are shaped in interaction with the primary caregiver and are generally transferred to further bonding/ social partners later in life. According to previous evidence, primary attachment representations acquired with humans do not seem to be transferred to companion animals. This was held as a major factor why such animals would effectively provide social support also to persons with insecure attachment. The aim of this study in 19 male children, 7–11 years of age and with insecure-avoidant or disorganized attachment, was to investigate differences in their social behavior and in physiological responses when socially supported by an unfamiliar therapy dog in a socially stressful situation. The Trier Social Stress Test for Children (TSST-C) was conducted to elicit stress in the children when in the presence of the dog and a female human investigator. We found that boys with disorganized attachment (n=11) communicated more intensely than avoidantly attached boys (n=8) with both the dog and humans present. Boys with a disorganized attachment had more physical contact with the dog during the TSST-C and talked more to the dog during and after the TSST-C than did boys with an insecure-avoidant attachment. While the prevailing wisdom holds that attachment representations acquired with the primary human caregiver would not transfer to companion animals, our data indicate otherwise. At least components of attachment-related interaction styles, such as degree of contact seeking in verbal and tactile interactions are also displayed in interaction with animal partners.
Increased Erythrocytes By-Products of Arginine Catabolism Are Associated with Hyperglycemia and Could Be Involved in the Pathogenesis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a worldwide disease characterized by metabolic disturbances, frequently associated with high risk of atherosclerosis and renal and nervous system damage. Here, we assessed whether metabolites reflecting oxidative redox state, arginine and nitric oxide metabolism, are differentially distributed between serum and red blood cells (RBC), and whether significant metabolism of arginine exists in RBC. In 90 patients with type 2 DM without regular treatment for diabetes and 90 healthy controls, paired by age and gender, we measured serum and RBC levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), nitrites, ornithine, citrulline, and urea. In isolated RBC, metabolism of L-[14C]-arginine was also determined. In both groups, nitrites were equally distributed in serum and RBC; citrulline predominated in serum, whereas urea, arginine, and ornithine were found mainly in RBC. DM patients showed hyperglycemia and increased blood HbA1C, and increased levels of these metabolites, except for arginine, significantly correlating with blood glucose levels. RBC were observed to be capable of catabolizing arginine to ornithine, citrulline and urea, which was increased in RBC from DM patients, and correlated with an increased affinity for arginine in the activities of putative RBC arginase (Km = 0.23±0.06 vs. 0.50±0.13 mM, in controls) and nitric oxide synthase (Km = 0.28±0.06 vs. 0.43±0.09 mM, in controls). In conclusion, our results suggest that DM alters metabolite distribution between serum and RBC, demonstrating that RBC regulate serum levels of metabolites which affect nitrogen metabolism, not only by transporting them but also by metabolizing amino acids such as arginine. Moreover, we confirmed that urea can be produced also by human RBC besides hepatocytes, being much more evident in RBC from patients with type 2 DM. These events are probably involved in the specific physiopathology of this disease, i.e., endothelial damage and dysfunction.
Seroepidemiology of Reovirus in Healthy Dogs in Six Prefectures in Japan

ABSTRACT Reovirus infection is common in mammals. However, seroepidemiological data of reovirus neutralizing antibodies are limited in dogs. In this study, sera of 65 healthy dogs from six prefectures across Japan were tested for neutralizing antibodies against reovirus serotype 1 strain Lang (T1L), serotype 2 strain Amy (T2A) and serotype 3 strain Dearing (T3D) using plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT). Seropositivity against reovirus T1L, T2A and T3D was 53.85%, 33.85% and 46.15%, respectively. Distribution of reovirus seropositive samples displayed no distinguishable geographical pattern. However, reovirus seropositivity increased with age and in dogs housed outdoor. Co-infection of multiple reovirus serotypes in dogs was also detected. These data will provide valuable insights towards the usage of reovirus in oncolytic virotherapy in canine cancers.
Trends in the Adoption of Medications for Alcohol Dependence

Increasing attention is being paid to the development and dissemination of effective pharmacotherapies for the treatment of alcohol and other drug dependence. However, numerous structural and philosophical barriers impede the widespread adoption of these treatment approaches in everyday clinical practice. Research is needed to understand and overcome this gap. Drawing upon data collected from 2 large samples of substance abuse treatment providers at multiple time points, this article examines the prevalence and correlates of the adoption of the currently available pharmacotherapies for alcohol dependence: disulfiram, oral naltrexone, and acamprosate. These data suggest that the proportion of treatment programs using pharmacotherapies for alcohol dependence has been declining over time. In addition, the proportion of patients to whom these medications are prescribed is notably low. The adoption of disulfiram and naltrexone is significantly more likely in programs that are accredited, employ at least 1 physician, offer integrated care for patients with co-occurring psychiatric conditions, derive proportionately more revenue from commercial insurance payers, and have fewer linkages with the criminal justice system. Preliminary data suggest that the early adoption of acamprosate is following a similar pattern. Recommendations for addressing challenges to the diffusion of pharmacotherapies for alcohol dependence are presented.
Antenatal Maternal Antidepressants Drugs Affect S100B Concentrations in Fetal-Maternal Biological Fluids.

INTRODUCTION Antidepressant treatment during pregnancy is speedily increasing in developed countries and this phenomenon has occurred without firm evidence on safety and/or efficacy. AIMS The present study investigated from mid-trimester of pregnancy up to 24 hours after birth the pattern of a brain damage marker, namely S100B, in maternal fetal and neonatal biological fluids of pregnant women and their newborns antenatally treated by antidepressant drugs such as selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRI). METHODS we conducted an observational study on 75 pregnant women treated in the mid -third trimester by antidepressant drugs and 231 healthy pregnancies. S100B concentrations were measured at 7 predetermined monitoring time-points before, during and after treatment in maternal, fetal and neonatal biological fluids and correlated with neurological follow-up at 7 days from birth. RESULTS In SSRI group S100B concentrations were significantly higher in SSRI than controls (P<0.001, for all) in maternal blood, in amniotic fluid, in arterial and venous cord blood and at 24-h from birth. Highest (P<0.05) S100B levels were found in SSRI infants showing major neurological symptoms at 7-d follow-up. CONCLUSION The present data on increased S100B levels in maternal, fetal and neonatal biological fluids suggest that SSRI administration although beneficial to the mother, presents some risks for the infant.
Sexual Violence and the Reproduction of Male Power in the Locker Room: The “Lisa Olson Incident”

Numerous media commentators have deemed the sexual harassment locker room incident between Lisa Olson and the New England Patriots to be an embarrassing case of mismanagement. Our analysis challenges this popular assumption; we argue that the event represents an overt manifestation of male power by means of sexual violence against women. The response to Olson suggests that in an era where women’s entry into sport has challenged men’s exclusive hold on that domain, the locker room, like the playing field, must be understood as contested terrain. For men to maintain control over the terrain of the locker room, the female sportswriter must be displaced from her role as authoritative critic of male performance and reassigned to her “appropriate” role of sexual object. In light of the importance of sport, and the status of the locker room as an inner sanctum of male privilege, the incident between Olson and the Patriots was not mismanaged at all but, in fact, handled effectively.
ARB protects podocytes from HIV-1 nephropathy independently of podocyte AT1.

BACKGROUND Angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers protect podocytes more effectively than other anti-hypertensive drugs. Transgenic rats overexpressing angiotensin II Type 1 (AT1) receptor selectively in podocytes have been shown to develop glomerulosclerosis. The prevailing hypothesis is that angiotensin II has a capacity of directly acting on the AT1 receptor of podocytes to induce injury. We therefore investigated the mechanism of reno-protective effect of AT1 receptor in a mouse model of HIV-1 nephropathy. METHODS We generated transgenic mice carrying the HIV-1 gene (control/HIV-1) or both HIV-1 gene and podocyte-selectively nullified AT1 gene (AT1KO/HIV-1). In these mice, we measured urinary protein or albumin excretion and performed histological analysis. RESULTS At 8 months of age, AT1KO/HIV-1 (n = 13) and control/HIV-1 (n = 15) mice were statistically indistinguishable with respect to urinary albumin/creatinine ratio (median 2.5 versus 9.1 mg/mg), glomerulosclerosis (median 0.63 versus 0.45 on 0-4 scale) and downregulation of nephrin (median 6.90 versus 7.02 on 0-8 scale). In contrast to the observed lack of effect of podocyte-specific AT1KO, systemic AT1 inhibition with AT1 blocker (ARB) significantly attenuated proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis in HIV-1 mice. CONCLUSION These results indicate that the protective effect of ARB is mediated through its receptors on cells other than podocytes, such as efferent arteriolar smooth muscle cells.
Fundamental failure mechanisms limiting maximum voltage operation in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs

The authors report on the fundamental failure mechanisms limiting maximum applied voltage in AlGaN/GaN HEMTs. Device failure in high voltage off state conditions was studied by controlling drain leakage current and maximum applied drain voltage simultaneously. It was found that failure was associated with loss in gate control of channel current and a permanent degradation of gate diode leakage current. No permanent significant change until device failure was observed in ON-state parameters such as Ron, Idss and Idmax, thus distinguishing this failure mode from the inverse pieozo-electric effect as reported in literature.
Unsupervised Learning for Persian WordNet Construction

In this paper we introduce an unsupervised learning approach for WordNet construction. The whole construction method is an Expectation Maximization (EM) approach which uses Princeton WordNet 3.0 (PWN) and a corpus as the data source for unsupervised learning. The proposed method can be used to construct WordNet in any language. Links between PWN synsets and target language words are extracted using a bilingual dictionary. For each of these links a parameter is defined that shows probability of selecting PWN synset for target language word in corpus. Model parameters are adjusted in an iterative fashion. In our experiments on Persian language, by selecting 10% of highly probable links trained by the EM method, a Persian WordNet was obtained that covered 7,109 out of 11,076 distinct words and 9,427 distinct PWN synsets with a precision of more than 86%.
Deterrent and Experiential Effects in Perceptual Deterrence Research: a Replication and Extension

The present research is a replication of the Saltzman et al. study concerning deterrent and experiential effects in perceptual deterrence research. Despite certain design differences in the two studies (e.g., we used a shorter lag between Time One and Time Two), our findings replicate theirs in that (1) perceptions of risk are not particularly stable, even over a period as short as three months, and (2) experiential effects are consistently larger and more often significant than deterrent effects. Both in our data and in the Saltzman et al. data, we find interactions which specify the experiential effect as most likely to occur among those with initially high perceptions of risk (a naiveté effect) rather than among those for whom a given form of behavior is new (a novelty effect), as Saltzman et al. had contended. We conclude that the substitution of experiential effects for deterrent effects is not justified, that studies which have done so are moot on the subject of deterrence, and that longitudinal designs may be essential for resolution of the causal order problem.
Applying Spelling Error Correction Techniques for Improving Semantic Role Labelling

This paper describes our approach to the CoNLL-2005 shared task: semantic role labelling. We do many of the obvious things that can be found in the other submissions as well. We use syntactic trees for deriving instances, partly at the constituent level and partly at the word level. On both levels we edit the data down to only the predicted positive cases of verb-constituent or verb-word pairs exhibiting a verb-argument relation, and we train two next-level classifiers that assign the appropriate labels to the positively classified cases. Each classifier is trained on data in which the features have been selected to optimize generalization performance on the particular task. We apply different machine learning algorithms and combine their predictions.
Does TV Affect Child Cognitive Development

We investigate whether TV watching at ages 6-7 and 8-9 a ﬀ ects cognitive development measured by math and reading scores at ages 8-9 using a rich childhood longitudinal sample from NLSY79. Dynamic panel data models are estimated to handle the unobserved child-speci ﬁ c factor, endogeneity of TV watching, and dynamic nature of the causal relation . A special emphasis is put on the last aspect where TV watching a ﬀ ects cognitive development which in turn a ﬀ ects the future TV watching. When this feedback occurs, it is not straightforward to identify and estimate the TV e ﬀ ect. We adopt estimation methods available in the biostatistics literature which can deal with the feedback feature; we also apply the “standard” econometric panel data IV approaches. Overall, for math score at ages 8-9, we ﬁ nd that watching TV for more than two hours per day during ages 6-9 has a negative total e ﬀ ect mostly due to a large negative e ﬀ ect of TV watching at the younger ages 6-7. For reading score, there are evidences that TV watching between 2-4 hours per day has a positive e ﬀ ect whereas the e ﬀ ect is negative outside this range. In both cases, however, the e ﬀ ect magnitudes are economically small.
Predicting Adolescent Drug Abuse Treatment Outcome with the Personal Experience Inventory (PEI)

ABSTRACT The purposes of this study were to examine the clinical utility of the Personal Experience Inventory (PEI) Psychosocial scales to predict adolescent drug abuse treatment outcome. The role of psychosocial risk factors in predicting treatment outcome also has theoretical interest given that such factors have been associated with the development of drug abuse. The sample consisted of 138 male and 105 female adolescents who were recruited at a hospital-based adolescent drug abuse treatment program. Clients were administered assessments at intake, discharge, and 6 and 12 months after discharge. Intake PEI Psychosocial scales were modestly predictive of outcome, and the magnitude of the predictions were higher for boys than girls. Three PEI Psychosocial domains of deviance, family dysfunction, and peer drug use were predictive of boys' outcome, and sibling and peer drug use were predictive of girls' outcome. The strength of these predictive relationships was similar to those found in other treatment outcome prediction research. There was limited support for the predictive validity of the PEI. These PEI Psycho-social scales that show predictive associations with outcome may be helpful in treatment planning.