Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Educational Intervention Based on Young's Schema Therapy on Reducing the Symptoms of High School Girl Students' Social Anxiety

This study has been conducted with the aim of examining the impact of educational intervention based on Young’s schema therapy on reducing high school girl students’ social anxiety. The study is quasi-experimental with experimental and control groups. From among the students of three girls’ high schools, 60 persons with high scores in social anxiety were selected through screening (N= 1100); then 30 persons were finally selected as participants by carrying out clinical interviews and were divided into two experimental and control groups. Participants of experimental group were provided with 8 educational sessions based on Young’s schema therapy in order to cope with social anxiety. For the purpose of screening and collecting the data of posttest and pretest, the Persian normalized 28-question Social Anxiety Scale for Adolescents (SAS-A) designed by La Greca and Lopez (1998) was adopted, which has a desirable validity band reliability. The data obtained from pretest and posttest was analyzed with the help of multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The results of analysis indicated that there is a significant difference (F= 22.323 and p< 0.001) between experimental group and control group in terms of the variable of total scores of social anxiety. Besides, the index of effect size indicated that 41% of the difference between two groups is related to educational intervention. In addition, there is a significant difference between the two groups in terms of the variable of apprehension and fear of negative evaluation (F= 19.879 and p< 0.001). There is also a negative difference between two groups in terms of the variable of tension and inhibition in social contact (F= 18.44 and p< 0.001). According to the results, it can be said that educational intervention based on Young’s maladaptive schemas is effective in reducing girl students’ social anxiety.
The Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale: Development and initial validation

Many people experience struggle around religious and spiritual aspects of life, as shown in a steadily growing body of research. A need now exists for more comprehensive, reliable, concise measurement of religious and spiritual (r/s) struggles through a scale that covers multiple domains. This article describes the development and initial validation of a 26-item measure, the Religious and Spiritual Struggles (RSS) Scale. The measure assesses six domains of r/s struggle: divine (negative emotion centered on beliefs about God or a perceived relationship with God), demonic (concern that the devil or evil spirits are attacking an individual or causing negative events), interpersonal (concern about negative experiences with religious people or institutions; interpersonal conflict around religious issues), moral (wrestling with attempts to follow moral principles; worry or guilt about perceived offenses by the self), doubt (feeling troubled by doubts or questions about one’s r/s beliefs), and ultimate meaning (concern about not perceiving deep meaning in one’s life). Study 1 used factor analytic techniques in two adult samples (Ns 400 and 483) to refine the item pool for the RSS. Study 2, which sampled 1141 undergraduates, showed very good fit for a six-factor model using confirmatory factor analysis. Study 2 also provided evidence of convergent, discriminant and predictive validity by relating RSS scores to measures of religiousness, r/s struggle and mental health. Several potentially important demographic differences emerged on the RSS. For example, undergraduates without committed romantic relationships and those who self-identified as homosexual reported greater r/s struggles across multiple domains.
A Robust Photogrammetric Processing Method of Low-Altitude UAV Images

Low-altitude Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) images which include distortion, illumination variance, and large rotation angles are facing multiple challenges of image orientation and image processing. In this paper, a robust and convenient photogrammetric approach is proposed for processing low-altitude UAV images, involving a strip management method to automatically build a standardized regional aerial triangle (AT) network, a parallel inner orientation algorithm, a ground control points (GCPs) predicting method, and an improved Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT) method to produce large number of evenly distributed reliable tie points for bundle adjustment (BA). A multi-view matching approach is improved to produce Digital Surface Models (DSM) and Digital Orthophoto Maps (DOM) for 3D visualization. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is robust and feasible for photogrammetric processing of low-altitude UAV images and 3D visualization of products.
Hot Movements, Cold Cognition: Thinking about Social Movements in Gendered Frames

MYRA MARX FERREE DAVID A. MERRILL University of Connecticut edited by Aldon Morris and Carol Mueller. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Paris, Peter J. 1985. The Social Teaching of the Black Churches. Philadelphia: Fortress Press. Pattillo-McCoy, Mary. 1998. "Church Culture as a Strategy of Action in the Black Community. " American Sociological Review 63: 767-84. Payne, Charles. 1994. I've Got the Light of Freedom. Berkeley: University of California Press. Rasler, Karen. 1996. "Concessions, Repression, and Political Protest in the Iranian Revolution. " American Sociological Review 61: 132-52. Robnett, Belinda. 1997. How Long? How Long? African-American Women in the Struggle for Civil Rights. New York: Oxford University Press. Rupp, Leila, and Taylor, Verta. 1987. The Survival in the Doldrums American Women's Rights Movement, 1945 to 1960. New York: Oxford University Press. Snow, David and Robert Benford. 1992. "Master Frames and Cycles of Protest. " Pp. 133-55 in Frontiers in Social Movement Theory, edited by Aldon Morris and Carol M. Mueller. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. Stow, David, E. Burke Rochford, Jr., Steven Worden, and Robert Benford. 1986. "Frame Alignment Processes, Micromobilization, and Movement Participation. " American Sociological Review 51: 464-81. Snow, David, Louis Zurcher, Jr., and Sheldon EklandOlson. 1980. "Social Networks and Social Movements: A Microstructural Approach to Differential Recruitment. " America7z Sociological Review 45: 787-801. Staggenborg, Suzanne. 1991. The Pro-Choice Movement: Organization and Activism in the Abortion Conflict. New York: Oxford University Press. Tarrow Sidney. 1994. Power in Movement: Social Movements, Collective Action and Politics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Taylor, Verta. 1995. "Watching for Vibes: Bringing Emotions into the Study of Feminist Organizations. " Pp. 223-33 in Feminist Organizations: Harvest of the New Women's Movement, edited by Myra Marx Ferree and Patricia Yancey Martin. Philadelphia: Temple University Press. 1999. "Gender and Social Movements: Gender Processes in Women's Self-Help Movements. " Gender & Society 13: 8-33. Tilly, Charles. 1978. From Mobilization to Revolution. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. Turner, Ralph and Lewis Killian. 1957. Collective Behavior. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Walker, Rev. Wyatt Tee. 1978. Interview. September 29. New York. Zald, Mayer and Roberta Ash. 1966. "Social Movement Organizations: Growth, Decay, and Change. " Social Forces 44: 327-41. Zald, Mayer and John McCarthy. 1980. "Social Movement Industries: Competition and Cooperation among Movement Organizations. " Pp. 1-20 in Research in Social Movements: Conflict and Change, Vol. 3, edited by Louis Kriesberg. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
A meta‐analysis of the cross‐situational consistency of communication apprehension

Parks’ (1980) criticism of the cross‐situational consistency of communication apprehension produced several studies that replicated the measures and procedures, hut found different results. A meta‐analysis of 17 studies was conducted to determine what conclusions are warranted given the available data. The meta‐analysis disclosed a large effect (combined z = 17.48, p < .0001) for cross‐situational consistency. The average r between trait‐CA and state/situational anxiety was . 473. Further analysis of the “file drawer problem” showed that over 96 non‐significant tests must be unpublished in various file drawers to reduce the combined z to statistical non‐significance. Thus, the meta‐analysis warrants a strong claim for the cross‐situational consistency of communication apprehension
Long-Term Outcome in Elderly Patients With Chronic Angina Managed Invasively Versus by Optimized Medical Therapy: Four-Year Follow-Up of the Randomized Trial of Invasive Versus Medical Therapy in Elderly Patients (TIME)

Background—There are no prospective trial data on long-term outcomes in 80-year-old patients with chronic angina with regard to antiischemic therapy. Methods and Results—To assess long-term survival and quality of life (QoL) in patients from the Trial of Invasive versus Medical Therapy in the Elderly (TIME), all 276 1-year survivors (of a total 301 patients) were contacted after a median of 3.1 years (range, 1.1 to 5.9 years). At baseline, patients were 80±4 years old, 42% were women, and they were designated as being in angina class 3.2±0.7, despite their taking 2.5±0.7 antiischemic drugs. Patients were randomized to an invasive (n=153) or an optimized medical (n=148) strategy. Survival of invasive-strategy versus medical-strategy patients was 91.5% versus 95.9% after 6 months, 89.5% versus 93.9% after 1 year, and 70.6% versus 73.0% after 4.1 years (P=NS). Mortality was independently increased in patients ≥80 years of age, with prior heart failure, ejection fraction ≤0.45, and ≥2 comorbidities, and without revascularization within the first year. Revascularization within the first year improved survival in invasive-strategy (P=0.07) and medical-strategy (P<0.001) patients. The early benefit of both treatments in angina relief and QoL was maintained long term, but freedom from major events remained higher in invasive-strategy versus medical-strategy patients (39% versus 20%, P<0.0001). Conclusions—Long-term survival was similar for patients assigned to invasive and medical treatment. The benefits of both treatments in angina relief and improvement in QoL were maintained, but nonfatal events occurred more frequently in patients assigned to medical treatment. Irrespective of whether patients were catheterized initially or only after drug therapy failure, their survival rates were better if they were revascularized within the first year.
An Analysis of Access to Improved Drinking Water and Sanitation and Distance to the Water Source in a Newly Independent Country, Timor-Leste: Assessing Geographical and Socioeconomic Disparities

Acknowledgments First of all, I would like to thank God for giving me good health and patience to complete this work. I would foremost like to thank my family and close friends who have always given me unlimited support and encouraged me through this effort. This thesis is also dedicated to my deceased mother who has given me her protection from heaven. Special acknowledgment is also dedicated to my government of Timor-Leste, the Conoco Phillips Oil Company, the US government (State Department) through the Fulbright Program for providing me this prestigious award and opportunity to pursue another graduate degree; the entire faculty staff from School of Public Health and Geoscience Department of Georgia State University, especially my thesis committee chair Dr Christine Elizabeth Stauber for taking much time to work with me on completing my thesis, and my thesis committee member Dr Matt Hayat for providing me his valuable guidance and support in statistical methods. iv List of tables Page Table 1: Improved and unimproved drinking water sources and sanitation facility categories as defined by the JMP Table 3: Weighted number of observations for outcome variables in the study ………. …………………………………………………………………………. 26 Table 4: Independent variables used in the study and their weighted distribution in terms of access to source of drinking water, type of sanitation and distance to water source in Timor-Leste Table 5: Weighted bivariate logistic regression analysis of the associations between independent variables and access to improved drinking water and sanitation and distance to water source with 30 minutes or less at the household level in Timor-Leste Table 6: Weighted bivariate logistic regression analysis of the associations between independent variables and access to improved drinking water and sanitation and distance to water source with 30 minutes or less at the individual level in Timor-Leste . Adjusted odds ratio from weighted multivariate logistic regression of the predictors (residence, municipalities, wealth index) of access to improved drinking water, improved sanitation and travel times of 30 minutes or less at the household level in Timor-Leste …………. Adjusted odds ratio from weighted multivariate logistic regression of the predictors (residence, region, wealth index) of access to improved drinking water, improved sanitation and travel times of 30 minutes or less at the household level in Timor-Leste Table 8: Adjusted odds ratio from weighted multivariate logistic regression of the predictors of access to improved drinking water, improved sanitation and travel times of 30 minutes or …
Applying static code analysis to firewall policies for the purpose of anomaly detection

Treating modern firewall policy languages as imperative, special purpose programming languages, in this article we will try to apply static code analysis techniques for the purpose of anomaly detection. We will first abstract a policy in common firewall policy language into an intermediate language, and then we will try to apply anomaly detection algorithms to it. The contributions made by this work are: 1. An analysis of various control flow instructions in popular firewall policy languages 2. Introduction of an intermediate firewall policy language, with emphasis on control flow constructs. 3. Application of \textit{Static Code Analysis} to detect anomalies in firewall policy, expressed in intermediate firewall policy language. 4. Sample implementation of \textit{Static Code Analysis} of firewall policies, expressed in our abstract language using Datalog language.
Ocular findings in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome patients in Lagos, Nigeria.

BACKGROUND There is paucity of studies on the prevalence and pattern of ocular complication in HIV patients in developing countries where 90% of all HIV sufferers live. Most studies were carried out in industrialized countries and are not representative of the spectrum of ocular complication of HIV and it's prevalence in developing countries. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of ocular disorders in adult (> 15 years ) AIDS patients at PEPFAR clinic in Lagos, Nigeria. MATERIAL AND METHODS All consecutive adult Seropositive HIV/AIDS patients of PEPFAR Clinic at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital between February 1st-March 15th 2008 were enrolled into the study Cross sectional and non randomized, convenient study was used. Biodata and medical history were recorded on interviewer administered questionnaire. Participants were examined according to standard protocol comprising visual acuity, intraocular pressure, anterior segment examination with slit lamp biomicroscopy, dilated fundoscopy and fundus photograph where necessary. PCV, CD4+ count, viral load at diagnosis, stage of HIV disease were extracted from patients' records. Details of drug were regimen also recorded. Data analysis was performed with EPI-lnfo 6.04 version; Chi square and student t test used to describe statistical association. RESULTS A total of 400 patients were studied. Male:female ratio was 1.7 and mean age was 40 years (S.D. + 9.12). Ocular disorders seen in 78.5% of patients; HIV related ocular disorders occurred in 45 (11.3) patients. Conjunctival microvasculopathy 166 patients (41.5%), pingueculum in 114 (28.5%), pterygium in 76 (19.0%), refractive error in 93 (23.3%), cataract in 12 (3.0%), and 22 (5.5%) Glaucoma suspects. HIV retinopathy and allergic eye disease in one patient each (0.3%). Presumed Cytomegalovirus retinitis 7 (1.8%), 14 (3.5%) Toxoplasmosis, 8 (2.0%) HZO, and 15 (3.8%) Presumed Squamous cell carcinoma. Eighty six (21.5%) of the patients had no abnormality. 91.4% of eyes examined had visual acuity with best correction of > 6/18. CD4+ in 79.3% of the patients was > 200 cells/ul and < 5% had counts < 50 cells with an overall mean of 406 cell/ul. 375 (93.8%) patients were on Highly Active Antiretroviral therapy (HAART), and 25 (6.2%) were not. CONCLUSION Study revealed low prevalence of HIV related ocular disorders. This could be due to few patients at low level of immunosuppresion where the infections occur.
Teacher-Centered Instruction Versus Student-Centered Instruction in English Teaching Based on Relativism

From the viewpoint of empiricism and revisionism, relativism has practically changed the conception of English teaching from the late 19th century up to nowadays and the idea of teacher-centered instruction as well as student-centered instruction has become optional focus by teacher's thinking and for students' needs. Therefore not only empiricism and revisionism can be regarded as the reflection of relativism but also teacher-centered instruction and student-centered instruction can be regarded as the scheme from relativism.As a matter of fact, the orientation of teacher-centered instruction and student-centered instruction in English teaching mostly lies in teacher's teaching goals and students' competence indicators, in which some teaching respects are relatively considered including the selecting of teaching materials, the using of teaching methods, the deciding of teaching strategies, and the implementing of teaching assessment as well as evaluation. For the purposes of reaching instructional ideal of teacher's teaching goals and students' competence indicators, teacher-centered instruction and student-centered instruction must be not only practiced separately but also realized integratively. In the developing processes of English teaching, teaching-centered instruction has prevailed when the grammar-translation method went well since the late 19th century and then was challenged greatly by student-centered instruction when the communicative approach became popular since the early 1970s.The theory and practice of English teaching (such as teaching materials, teaching methods, teaching strategies, and teaching assessment & evaluation) have been experienced and revised successively from the 19th century up to the present, in which the ups and downs have been proved individually, the creations have been replaced one by one, or the influences have been developed step by step. For this reason, how to enhance the English teaching for teacher's teaching function and students' learning effect will be focused on making good using of teacher-centered instruction and student-centered instruction together so as to be wonderful and successful in English education developments.No matter how great the challenge on English teaching may be, the creating and replacing processes of English teaching will be developing continuously. As a matter of fact, the traditional teacher-centered instruction has practiced its path independently before the 1970s, and the current student-centered instruction has excelled the predecessor since the 1970s. Therefore, empiricism and revisionism will constantly influence the changing and the developing of English teaching by way of teacher's suitable consideration and decision for student's practical needs.
Minimally Distinct Border Judgments and Contrast: Effects of Eccentricity

Precise isolation of individual chromatic mechanisms is useful for investigations of vision. One technique for isolating chromatic pathways is “silent substitution” (modulating colors along specific color directions). The minimally distinct border (MDB) technique can be further used to determine the specific color direction that isolates the Scones (tritan axis). However, macular pigment distribution may render a foveallymeasured tritan line imprecise when stimuli are large or peripheral. We had subjects make MDB judgments at five retinal eccentricities, and compared the results to a model of macular distribution. The model predicted the direction of chromatic rotation but the predicted magnitude was less than observed. We hypothesized that the neural properties that underlie MDB judgments in the fovea may not be valid for the periphery. For example a decrease in L-M sensitivity across the visual field may result in minimum border detection shifted near the L-M axis. We investigated this issue by using a suprathreshold contrast matching task to examine the perceptual scaling of chromatic and luminance as a function of eccentricity. Subjects made contrast matches between Gabor patches across the visual field, comparing chromatic and achromatic stimuli to a foveal achromatic stimulus. Our results show a falloff in L-M and luminance sensitivity, relative to S-cone sensitivity with increasing eccentricity. Our suprathreshold results mirror those of threshold measures for chromatic pathways but not for luminance, consistent with known physiology of magno and parvo luminance pathways. Our results indicate that MDB may not be a valid peripheral indicator of the tritan axis.
Rotational velocities of A-type stars ?;?? I. Measurement of v sini in the southern hemisphere

Within the scope of a Key Programme determining fundamental parameters of stars observed by HIPPARCOS, spectra of 525 B8 to F2-type stars brighter than V = 8 have been collected at ESO. Fourier transforms of several line proles in the range 4200{4500 A are used to derive v sini from the frequency of the rst zero. Statistical analysis of the sample indicates that measurement error is a function of v sini and this relative error of the rotational velocity is found to be about 6% on average. The results obtained are compared with data from the literature. There is a systematic shift from standard values from Slettebak et al. (1975), which are 10 to 12% lower than our ndings. Comparisons with other independent v sini values tend to prove that those from Slettebak et al. are underestimated. This eect is attributed to the presence of binaries in the standard sample of Slettebak et al., and to the model atmosphere they used.