Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strategy Instruction in Planning: Effects on the Writing Performance and Behavior of Students with Learning Difficulties

Students with learning difficulties typically approach writing by retrieving from memory whatever seems appropriate and writing it down. This retrieve-and-write process minimizes the role of reflection and planning in the composing process. In the current study, we taught three students with learning difficulties a strategy designed to help them become more reflective when writing opinion essays. Following instruction in the strategy, students wrote essays that were longer, provided more support for their premise, and were qualitatively better. Two of the students also changed their approach to writing, developing an initial plan prior to writing that they continued to elaborate and refine as they wrote. Changes in both writing performance and behavior were maintained over time.
DETERMINANTS OF SOCIAL WELFARE DEVELOPMENT IN HONG KONG: A TIME‐SERIES STUDY

The expansion of social welfare in advanced capitalist countries following the Second World War has been phenomenal. Concomitant to this is the mushrooming of comparative social research devoted to the analysis of welfare states. The central question in comparative policy discourse has been the search for the determinants of social welfare development. There is no consensus over the structural determinants for welfare efforts. However, the literature on comparative social policy has identified a significant number of variables which spur social policy development: industrialization, urbanization, modernization, working‐class mobilization, union strength, state and its particular structure, open economy, diffusion, military spending, and national ideology (Wilensky & Lebeaux, 1965; Wilensky, 1975; Uusitalo, 1984; Wilensky, 1985; Flora, 1987; O'Conner, 1988; Esping‐Andersen, 1990; Pierson, 1991; Wong & Daley, 1991; Janoski & Hicks, 1994).
Web-based Recruitment 2 Work-life Balance and Usability Predicting Organizational Attraction

In this digital era, traditional recruitment efforts have increasingly been supplemented with or replaced by recruiting applicants on the Web. Concurrently, organizations are increasingly adapting to younger individuals from the Millennial generation as they enter the workforce. We combine these salient issues to examine Web-based recruitment of the Millennial generation by assessing predictors of organizational attraction. Using a sample of Millennials (N=493), we found that perceptions of both work-life balance and website usability incrementally predicted attraction, when controlling for perceptions of other organization characteristics. In addition, person-organization fit mediated these relationships. These findings speak to the importance of examining how aspects of Web-based recruitment influence Millennial applicants. As the first stage of the staffing process, the recruitment of quality applicants is vital to an organization's success (Ployhart, 2006). In short, " the ultimate cost of failure to attract applicants may be organizational failure " (Barber & Roehling, 1993, p. 845). Technological advances have played an influential role on the practice of recruitment in recent years, with an increasing number of organizations and applicants turning to the Internet as part of the recruitment process. Monster.com (n.d.), for example, boasts that over 7 million job searches are conducted each day using its United States website, and CareerBuilder.com (n.d.) reports over 25.5 million unique visitors to its United States website each month. The growing reliance on Web-based recruitment practices has been accompanied by increasing attention from researchers of applicant attraction (see Breaugh, 2008, for a review). Another influence on recruitment practices involves the unique characteristics of the Millennial generation. Howe and Strauss (1992, 2000) originally defined this cohort as including over 14% of the workforce in the United States and is increasing as its youngest members begin to enter the workforce (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2008). Research on job seeking is particularly critical for this group given its relatively high unemployment rate (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2008) and thus the likelihood that young workers are particularly involving in job searching. Moreover, there is evidence to suggest that Millennials have unique values and expectations with regard to organizations and job seeking, particularly involving the importance of work-life current study is to contribute to the burgeoning literatures on Web-based recruitment and the Millennial generation by assessing predictors of organizational attraction. We focus on attraction because it " represents that point in the recruitment process where the maximum potential value of recruitment processes is determined " …
150–850 MHz High-Linearity Sine-wave Synthesizer Architecture Based on FIR Filter Approach and SFDR Optimization

A low distortion sinusoidal waveform synthesizer architecture is proposed. The synthesizer utilizes 50% duty cycle and differential-mode circuitry to eliminate the even order harmonics, and it also implements a 5-phase 3-amplitude harmonic cancellation technique to suppress the 3rd, 5th, 7th, and 9th order harmonics. The compact system architecture consists of a 12-phase ring oscillator, a weighted resistor summing network, and an RC output filter. Phase shifters are adopted in the ring oscillator to enable the control of an external harmonic cancellation optimization algorithm. The proposed application of the optimization algorithm compensates the errors in the circuit and further improves the linearity of the output waveforms. This synthesizer is fabricated in 180 nm standard CMOS technology, occupies a 0.08 mm2 silicon area and achieves the spur-free dynamic range (SFDR) of 59 to 70 dBc from 150 to 850 MHz after the optimization procedure. It can operate from a 1 to 1.8 V supply voltage and achieve a power consumption from 9.11 to 57 mW.
High-level C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 expression correlates with brain-specific metastasis following complete resection of non-small cell lung cancer

Brain-specific metastasis is one of the primary causes of recurrence following complete resection of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and the underlying mechanism remains unclear. The present study was designed to investigate the correlation between C-X-C chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) expression and brain-specific metastasis of NSCLC. Lung cancer tissues from 105 patients who underwent complete tumor resection between January 1998 and June 2008 (sample group, 34 with brain metastasis during the follow-up period; control group 1, 34 without metastasis during the follow-up period; and control group 2, 37 with other organ metastasis, excluding brain metastasis, during the follow-up period) were examined by immunohistochemistry to detect the expression of CXCR4 protein. The differences in CXCR4 expression were compared using McNemar’s χ2 test. Estimation of survival was calculated with the Kaplan-Meier method and the statistical differences were analyzed with the log-rank test. Overexpression of CXCR4 protein was observed in 31 (91.2%) NSCLC patients with brain metastasis, which was greater than that observed in the NSCLC patients with other organ metastases (73.0%; P=0.048) and without metastases (14.7%; P<0.001). CXCR4 protein was highly overexpressed in patients with brain-specific metastasis, which indicated that high-level CXCR4 expression correlates with brain-specific metastasis of NSCLC.
A Novel – Pulsed Digital Oscillator ( PDO ) for MEMS

A novel digital oscillator topology for microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) based on bandpass sigma–delta modulation is presented. Short pulses of force of the same amplitude maintain the oscillation and the associated bit-stream output serves to know the oscillation frequency which, for low mechanical losses, is very close to the natural frequency of the MEMS resonator. Position-sensing requirements are extremely simplified because, at each sampling time, it is only necessary to know whether the resonator position is above or below the steady-state position. Continuous-time simulations are presented showing the behavior of the oscillator for different sampling frequencies and mechanical damping losses. Experimental results from an oscillator using a MEMS resonator with thermoelectric actuation and piezoresitive position sensing are presented. It is concluded that the quality of the oscillator response depends on the resonator damping losses and on the sampling frequency. The experimental results agree with the analytical and simulation results.
Reading Shop Windows in Globalized Neighborhoods: Multilingual Literacy Practices and Indexicality

Shop and café signs in multiple languages are familiar features of polyglot immigrant neighborhoods. This paper examines such signs, presenting photographic, observational, and interview data from a multisited ethnographic study of language contact in Ghent, an urban Belgian city. Drawing upon diverse ethnographic sources, especially the comparative readings of foreign, immigrant, and native adults, we analyze signs and notices in several immigrant neighborhoods as (a) literacy practices, attending to their contexts of use as well as to their interpretations, and as (b) examples of indexical orders and orders of discourse, asking what hierarchical frames of interpretation and evaluation are brought to bear on the reading of such signs. Our findings show that shop signs and notices are complex indexes of source, addressee, and community, which are manifest in different readers' interpretations. The overall argument addresses several general points: that the study of indexicality helps conceptualize and analyze the rich and unexpectedly broad frames of interpretation readers bring to situated multilingual texts; that concepts of indexical or discursive order contribute to our understanding of multilingual literacy practices in situations of globalized locality; and that, conversely, the study of literacy practices reveals unexpected dimensions of Late Modern discursive orders.
Ezrin regulates focal adhesion and invadopodia dynamics by altering calpain activity to promote breast cancer cell invasion

Ezrin regulates proper focal adhesion and invadopodia turnover by regulating calpain-1, in part by directing its proteolytic activity toward key substrates talin, FAK, and cortactin. Ezrin-deficient tumor cells show reduced lung seeding and colonization in vivo but not primary tumor growth, thus implicating ezrin as a metastasis-associated protein.
Building compositional semantics and higher-order inference system for a wide-coverage Japanese CCG parser

This paper presents a system that compo-sitionally maps outputs of a wide-coverage Japanese CCG parser onto semantic representations and performs automated inference in higher-order logic. The system is evaluated on a textual entailment dataset. It is shown that the system solves inference problems that focus on a variety of complex linguistic phenomena, including those that are difﬁcult to represent in the standard ﬁrst-order logic.
Association of Immune Factors with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Case-Control Study

Background Presently, studies of factors associated with drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) focus on patients’ socio-demographic characteristics and living habits, to the exclusion of biochemical indicators, especially immune factors. This study was carried out to determine whether immune factors are associated with drug-resistant TB. Material/Methods A total of 227 drug-resistant pulmonary TB patients and 225 drug-susceptible pulmonary TB patients were enrolled in this study. Information on socio-demographic characteristics and biochemical indicators were obtained through their clinical records. Non-conditional logistic regression was used to analyze the association of these indicators with drug-resistant TB. Results There were significant differences in re-treatment, marital status, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), blood uric acid (BUA), carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), T-spot, and CD3 and CD4 counts between the 2 groups. In multivariable analysis, re-treatment [Odds Ratio (OR)=5.290, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]=2.652–10.551); CD3 (OR=1.034, 95% CI=1.001–1.068); CD4 (OR=1.035, 95% CI =1.001–1.070) and IgM (OR=1.845, 95% CI=1.153–2.952) were associated with drug-resistant TB. Conclusions These results suggest the need for greater attention to re-treatment cases and immune function when treating drug-resistant TB.
The Inside Out of Lentiviral Vectors

Lentiviruses induce a wide variety of pathologies in different animal species. A common feature of the replicative cycle of these viruses is their ability to target non-dividing cells, a property that constitutes an extremely attractive asset in gene therapy. In this review, we shall describe the main basic aspects of the virology of lentiviruses that were exploited to obtain efficient gene transfer vectors. In addition, we shall discuss some of the hurdles that oppose the efficient genetic modification mediated by lentiviral vectors and the strategies that are being developed to circumvent them.
Gout: optimizing treatment to achieve a disease cure

Gout is one of the most common inflammatory arthritides. The disease is due to the deposition of monosodium urate crystals. These deposits are reversible with proper treatment, suggesting that gout is a curable disease. The main aim in gout is to lower serum uric acid levels to a pre-established target; there are different urate-lowering drugs (xanthine oxidase inhibitors, uricosurics and uricases) through which this can be achieved. Proper treatment of gout also involves correct management of acute flares and their prevention. To ensure treatment adherence it is necessary to explain to the patient what the objectives are.
THE INFLUENCE OF MOTOR ABILITIES ON LEARNING OF ALPINE SKI TECHNIQUE

The research determined influence of motor abilities on alpine ski learning. Moreover, the aim was also to estimate the contribution of some morphological characteristics to acquisition of ski knowledge. At the beginning of the study, participants were tested by tests evaluating balance, agility, explosive and static strength, movement frequency and flexibility. After evaluation of motor abilities, basic morphological characteristics were noted and then participants entered a seven days alpine ski course. Acquired alpine ski knowledge was assessed through demonstration of seven elements of alpine ski technique, by five independent judges. Data analysis showed positive influence of agility on all tested elements of alpine ski technique (traversing, Beta=0.38 ; Beta=0.26 ; uphill turn, Beta=0.33 ; Beta=0.23 ; basic turn, Beta=0.18 ; parallel turn, Beta=0.32 ; short turn, Beta=0.34). Subjects' results in squat endurance test assessing the static leg strength contribute to learning uphill turn (Beta=0.19), basic turn (Beta=0.35) and parallel turn (Beta=0.27). Test used to measure balance (single leg balance test) significantly influences learning of basic elements of alpine ski technique (traversing right, Beta=0.23 ; traversing left, Beta=0.28 ; uphill turn to the left, Beta=0.24). Body height has a negative effect on alpine ski learning (Beta=-0.5), indicating that taller ski beginners tend to have more difficulties during alpine ski learning than shorter alpine ski beginners. According to our results, agility, static leg strength and balance are the motor abilities with the greatest influence on beginners' alpine ski learning.
Kuder Profiles of College Freshmen by Degree Objectives

The Kuder Occupational Preference Record was recently administered to the entire freshman class entering The Gty College in February, 1947. The authors were interested in the possibility of setting up local norms, in testing the validity of Kuder profiles for different degree objectives, in the economies of large scale versus individual administration, in follow-up studies after choices of major fields were determined, and in repeated examinations of individuals after intervals of a year or two. A total of 669 students, 575 men and 94 women, completed the ex amination. Items 1 and 2 in Table I present median scores for the 575 men and 94 women on each of the nine scales. For comparative purposes, items 3 and 4, also 13 to 20 give the equivalent percentile ratings according to national norms which purport to be representative of young men and boys, and of young women and girls. It will be noted that the two college popula tions depart very widely in their interests from the averages of national norms. In respect to only two scores out of eighteen, artistic interests of men at the 48th percentile and scientific interests of women at the 54th percentile, are these college groups close to the averages of national norms. The data suggest that college norms, possibly local college norms, would be desirable. Certainly, in our own local situation where there is a large measure of un certainty in occupational choices, we believe that local norms will be more suitable than national norms for purposes of vocational advisement. Items 5 to 10 in Table I present median scores of men according to six degree objectives while items 11 and 12 present comparable scores of women according to two-degree objectives. Degree objectives are the free elections of students without benefit of vocational advice. The tests were administered later in April, 1947. In interpreting these data the following peculiarities of the local situation need to be noted: Bachelor of Arts can didates are mainly English and History majors distinguished by the fact that they take two years of Latin not required of other groups ; Business Adminis 363
The Chilobwe Murders Trial

Despite scant advance publicity, the hot and airless court-room of Malawi's Southern Regional Traditional Court was filled to overflowing on October 19, 1971, to hear the case against Walla Laini Kawisa. Every lawyer and senior civil servant who could possibly arrange it was there. The Police had cordoned off the area surrounding the Court. A huge crowd stood behind the barrier in an attempt to catch a glimpse of the proceedings. On the bench were three elderly chiefs, a legally-qualified magistrate and a young Judge from a lower Traditional Court. Police Superintendent Phuza prosecuted, assisted by the Attorney General and a senior CID officer. Kawisa was unrepresented and pleaded guilty to three counts involving eight murders. The Prosecutor told the Court that the accused had agreed to have other charges taken into account. Kawisa impassively pleaded guilty each time the details of a charge were read, causing a stir in the courtroom. On October 30, 1971, after an arduous presentation of the case by the Prosecutor, Kawisa was found to be solely responsible for thirty-one murders and fifteen attempted murders. Reading the Judgement, Chief Chikumbu said: This never took place during the colonial days; but today it is proved that the accused wanted to overthrow the Government by murdiring (sic) these people… I have concluded that the accused is guilty or has done something bad. The accused should be hanged, and is not allowed to appeal.
Automatic Speaker Clustering Using a Voice Characteristic Reference Space and Maximum Purity Estimation

This paper investigates the problem of automatically grouping unknown speech utterances based on their associated speakers. In attempts to determine which utterances should be grouped together, it is necessary to measure the voice similarities between utterances. Since most existing methods measure the inter-utterance similarities based directly on the spectrum-based features, the resulting clusters may not be well-related to speakers, but to various acoustic classes instead. This study remedies this shortcoming by projecting utterances onto a reference space trained to cover the generic voice characteristics underlying the whole utterance collection. The resultant projection vectors naturally reflect the relationships of voice similarities among all the utterances, and hence are more robust against interference from nonspeaker factors. Then, a clustering method based on maximum purity estimation is proposed, with the aim of maximizing the similarities between utterances within all the clusters. This method employs a genetic algorithm to determine the cluster to which each utterance should be assigned, which overcomes the limitation of conventional hierarchical clustering that the final result can only reach the local optimum. In addition, the proposed clustering method adapts a Bayesian information criterion to determine how many clusters should be created
Experiments in Knowing: Gender and Method in the Social Sciences

Part I: Modern Problems. 1. Who Knows? 2. Paradigm Wars. 3. Hearing the Grass Grow. Part II: A Brief History of Methodology. 4. Cartesian Nightmares. 5. Mean Values. 6. Imagining Social Science. 7. Chance is a Fine Thing. Part III: Experiments and Their Enemies. 8. Experimental Sociology: The Early Years. 9. Of NITS and LIFE and Other Things. 10. Lessons from America. 11. The Rights of Animals and Other Creatures. Part IV: Moving On. 12. People's Ways of Knowing. 13. Challenges of an Experimenting Society. References.
Reaction Time, Response Errors, and G

Humphreys (1989) hypothesized that psychometric g is more highly correlated with the number of response errors on elementary cognitive tasks than with the reaction time (RT) measures themselves. Although Humphreys' hypothesis may well hold for relatively complex RT tasks, results of a recent study do not substantiate his hypothesis with regard to some of the simplest tasks. In this study, the average correlation (r) between g and number of response errors was . 05, compared to -. 20 for median RT and -. 23 for intraindividual differences in RT (measured as the standard deviation of RTs over trials). Even after correction for attenuation, the average r between g and errors is lower (.02) than the average correlations between g and the RT measures.
Epithelium-stroma classification in histopathological images via convolutional neural networks and self-taught learning

Epithelium-stroma classification is always considered as an important preprocessing step for morphological quantitative analysis in image-based histological researches of oncologic diseases. However, large-scale accurate ground-truth labeling is expensive in histopathological image analysis, thus the classification performances will still be limited with the insufficient labeled training samples. Considering that acquisition of public unlabeled histopathological images is much cheaper, an epithelium-stroma classification framework is developed, based on the deep convolutional neural network framework and the strategies of self-taught learning. The method has the ability of taking advantage of large-scale unlabeled public histopathological data as auxiliary data, and then transferring the knowledge to enhance the performances in epithelium-stroma classification with limited labeled training data. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms traditional CNNs when the labeled training data size is decreasing dramatically.
Development and Analysis of a High Thrust Force Direct-Drive Linear Actuator

This paper presents the design and analysis of a novel high thrust force linear actuator with high backdrivability. This motor consists of a mover and a stator with spiral (helical) structure. The mover moves spirally in the stator, and the linear motion is extracted to drive the load. This motor is a direct-drive system and highly backdrivable. In this paper, a basic model and thrust-force/torque equations are proposed, and finite-element method analysis and experimental results of a prototype are presented. From experiments, the designed spiral motor achieves 2000-N rated thrust force. The thrust-force capabilities of the spiral motor are compared with other linear motors. It is confirmed that the spiral motor is almost close to the latest state of the art in linear motor technology.