Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metabolic control analysis in a nutshell

Metabolic control analysis is a powerful quantitative framework for understanding the relationship between the steady-state properties of a (bio)chemical reaction network as a whole and the properties of its component reactions. Although in essence it is a typical sensitivity analysis of a dynamical system, the stoichiometric structure of reaction networks gives it a character of its own. It has proved very useful for both theoretical and experimental analysis of cellular systems, leading to deep insights into matters of control and regulation. This paper attempts to capture in a nutshell the detailed derivation from rst principles of all of the important theorems of control analysis starting with the general kinetic model of a reaction network.
The Changing Culture of Fatherhood and Gender Disparities in Japanese Father's Day and Mother's Day Comic Strips: A 55-Year Analysis

LaRossa, Jaret, Gadgil, and Wynn (2000, 2001) conducted a content analysis of 495 comic strips published on Father’s Day and Mother’s Day in the United States from 1945 to 1999 in order to determine whether the culture of fatherhood and gender disparities in the media had changed over the past half-century. Drawing on their research, I conducted a similar kind of analysis of 246 comic strips published on Father’s Day and Mother’s Day in Japan from 1950 to 2004. By comparing and contrasting the results in the two studies, I show how comic portrayals of families have changed in Japan and in the United States, and demonstrate the value of analyzing comic strips in cross-national research. INDEX WORDS: comic strips, Father’s Day, Mother’s Day, cross-national research, humor, the culture of fatherhood, gender disparities, Japan THE CHANGING CULTURE OF FATHERHOOD AND GENDER DISPARITIES IN JAPANESE FATHER’S DAY AND MOTHER’S DAY COMIC STRIPS: A 55-YEAR ANALYSIS
Attitude and Behavioral Intention as Mediators in Adoption of E-Tax Services in Ura, Uganda

The purpose of this study was to identify mediators of specific factors influencing adoption of e-tax system on URA, Uganda and design a customized model for its successful adoption. The research was conducted based on empirical data collected from the field. A cross-sectional survey and quantitative research approach were used to collect primary data from a sample of 350 respondents. In addition, 279 questionnaires were received and analyzed using multiple linear regression and medgraph by Jose to test for mediation of variables. Research findings revealed that attitude and behavioral intention mediated performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, trust and perceived security in influencing user behavior of the system. Facilitating conditions, unlike other determinants, directly influence on user behavior. Trust, perceived security and attitude are new constructs that were included in the model. This research will help the government to discover specific factors that influence Ugandans to adopt e-government systems. Discovery of specific factors will help the government to come up with a practical and long lasting solution to adoption barriers. Originality of the study came as a result of identifying Uganda based factors affecting e-government adoption. It was achieved through listing a number of adoption factors by respondents based on choice of specific factors that influence on e-government adoption in Uganda. Therefore, selected factors were based on design of customized UTAUT model for adoption of e-government systems in Uganda. Keywords : UTAUT, E-tax system, Performance Expectancy, Effort expectancy, Social influence, Facilitating conditions, Trust, Perceived security and Attitude.
Interactive Realizability and the elimination of Skolem functions in Peano Arithmetic

We present a new syntactical proof that first-order Peano Arithmetic with Skolem axioms is conservative over Peano Arithmetic alone for arithmetical formulas. This result - which shows that the Excluded Middle principle can be used to eliminate Skolem functions - has been previously proved by other techniques, among them the epsilon substitution method and forcing. In our proof, we employ Interactive Realizability, a computational semantics for Peano Arithmetic which extends Kreisel's modified realizability to the classical case.
The Optimal Choice of Commuting Speed: Consequences for Commuting Time, Distance and Costs

In this paper, we derive a structural model for commuting speed. We presume that commuting speed is chosen to minimise commuting costs, which encompass both monetary and time costs. At faster speed levels, the monetary costs increase, but the time costs fall. Using data from Great Britain, we demonstrate that the income elasticity of commuting speed is approximately 0.13. The ratio of variable monetary costs to travel time costs is estimated to be about 0.14. An implication of this is that as incomes rise commuters choose faster modes, despite their higher monetary costs. This has been an important factor in the growth of commuting by car in the past decades (for example, during the 90s the percentage of work trips made by car in Britain increased from 65 per cent to 70 per cent) and is anticipated to be relevant in the next decades for developing countries such as China and India. With increasing congestion, the time-advantage of car travel will decline, but unless faster public transport modes are available, there will be little incentive to switch to public transport (unless the monetary costs decline substantially in relation to car travel). © 2006 LSE and the University of Bath
Teacher Efficacy, Empowerment, and a Focused Instructional Climate: Does Student Achievement Benefit?.

EDRS PRICE MF01/PC03 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Academic Achievement; Analysis of Variance; Collegiality; *Context Effect; *Educational Environment; Elementary Secondary Education; Factor Analysis; Instructional Program Divisions; *Participative Decision Making; *Self Efficacy; Teacher Attitudes; Teacher Influence; *Teaching Conditions IDENTIFIERS Kansas City Public Schools MO; *Teacher Empowerment
The Quenching of Solutions of Semilinear Hyperbolic Equations

We consider the problem $u_{tt} = u_{xx} + \phi (u(x,t)),0 0;u(0,t) = u(L,t) = 0;u(x,0) = u_t (x,0) = 0$. Assume that $\phi :( - \infty ,A) \to (0,\infty )$ is continuously differentiable, monotone increasing, convex, and satisfies $\lim _{u \to A^ - } \phi (u) = + \infty $. We prove that there exist numbers $L_1 $ and $L_2 $, $0 L_2 $, then a weak solution u (to be defined) quenches in the sense that u reaches A in finite time; if $L < L_1 $, then u does not quench. We also investigate the behavior of the weak solution for small L and establish the local (in time) existence of u.
Wavelets and wideband correlation processing

This tutorial presents the application of wavelet transforms to wideband correlation processing. One major difference between most applications of wavelets and the work presented is the choice of mother wavelet. It focuses on nonorthogonal, continuous mother wavelets, whereas most applications use the orthogonal mother wavelets that were advanced by Daubechies (1988). The continuous wavelet transform then provides an additional tool for studying and gaining insight into wideband correlation processing. In order to understand when wideband processing may be required, its counterpart, narrowband processing, is presented and its limitations are discussed. Identifying those applications requiring wideband processing and presenting techniques to implement the processing are two of the goals of this tutorial article. The underlying tool is the wavelet transform. <<ETX>>
Expected Maharam-Types and Lyapunov's Theorem for Vector Measures on Banach Spaces

This paper offers a sufficient condition, based on Maharam (1942) and re-emphasized by Hoover-Keisler (1984), for the validity of Lyapunov's (1940) theorem on the range of an atomless vector measure taking values in an infinite-dimensional Banach space that is not necessarily separable nor has the RNP property. In particular, we obtain an extension of a corresponding result due to Uhl (1969). The proposed condition is also shown to be necessary in the sense formalized in Keisler-Sun (2009), and thereby closes a question of long-standing as regards an infinite-dimensional generalization of the theorem. The result is applied to obtain short simple proofs of recent results on the convexity of the integral of a set-valued function, and on the characterization of restricted cores of a saturated economy.
Evidence Against Associative 5 Blocking as a Cause 6 of Cue-Independent Retrieval-7 Induced Forgetting 8

11 Abstract. Selectively retrieving an item from long-term memory reduces the accessibility of competing traces, a phenomenon known as retrieval12 induced forgetting (RIF). RIF exhibits cue independence, or the tendency for forgetting to generalize to novel test cues, suggesting an inhibitory 13 basis for this phenomenon. An alternative view (Camp, Pecher, & Schmidt, 2007; Camp et al., 2009; Perfect et al., 2004) suggests that using novel 14 test cues to measure cue independence actually engenders associative interference when participants covertly supplement retrieval with practiced 15 cues that then associatively block retrieval. Accordingly, the covert-cueing hypothesis assumes that the relative strength of the practiced items at 16 final test – and not the inhibition levied on the unpracticed items during retrieval practice – underlies cue-independent forgetting. As such, this 17 perspective predicts that strengthening practiced items by any means, even if not via retrieval practice, should induce forgetting. Contrary to these 18 predictions, however, we present clear evidence that cue-independent forgetting is induced by retrieval practice and not by repeated study 19 exposures. This dissociation occurred despite significant, comparable levels of strengthening of practiced items in each case, and despite the use of 20 Anderson and Spellman’s original (1995) independent probe method criticized by covert-cueing theorists as being especially conducive to 21 associative blocking. These results demonstrate that cue-independent RIF is unrelated to the strengthening of practiced items, and thereby fail to
A different view of the quantum Hall plateau-to-plateau transitions

We demonstrate experimentally that the transitions between adjacent integer quantum Hall (QH) states are equivalent to a QH-to-insulator transition occurring in the top Landau level, in the presence of an inert background of the other completely filled Landau levels, each contributing a single unit of quantum conductance, e 2 /h, to the total Hall conductance of the system.
Vocal Identity Recognition in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Voices can convey information about a speaker. When forming an abstract representation of a speaker, it is important to extract relevant features from acoustic signals that are invariant to the modulation of these signals. This study investigated the way in which individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) recognize and memorize vocal identity. The ASD group and control group performed similarly in a task when asked to choose the name of the newly-learned speaker based on his or her voice, and the ASD group outperformed the control group in a subsequent familiarity test when asked to discriminate the previously trained voices and untrained voices. These findings suggest that individuals with ASD recognized and memorized voices as well as the neurotypical individuals did, but they categorized voices in a different way: individuals with ASD categorized voices quantitatively based on the exact acoustic features, while neurotypical individuals categorized voices qualitatively based on the acoustic patterns correlated to the speakers' physical and mental properties.
Basic Neurosciences, Genetics and Immunology -original Article

Sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, enhances the antidepressant activity of amitriptyline but not desipramine, in the forced swim test in mice Abstract The cholinergic theory of depression highlights the involvement of muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in the neurobiology of mood disorders. The present study was designed to investigate the effect of sildenafil, a phospho-diesterase type 5 inhibitor which exhibits cholinomimetic properties, alone and in combination with scopolamine in the forced swim test in mice. Moreover, we assessed the ability of sildenafil to modify the antidepressant activity of two tricyclic antidepressants with distinct cholinolytic activity, amitriptyline and desipramine. Swim sessions were conducted by placing mice in glass cylinders filled with water for 6 min and the duration of behavioral immobility during the last 4 min of the test was evaluated. Locomotor activity was measured with photoresistor actimeters. To evaluate the potential pharmacokinetic interaction between amitriptyline and sildenafil, brain and serum concentrations of amitripty-line were determined by HPLC. Sildenafil (1.25–20 mg/kg) as well as scopolamine (0.5 mg/kg) and its combination with sildenafil (1.25 mg/kg) did not affect the total immobility time duration. However, joint administration of scopolamine with sildenafil at doses of 2.5 and 5 mg/kg significantly reduced immobility time as compared to control group. Moreover, co-administration of scopolamine with sildenafil at the highest dose (5 mg/kg) significantly decreased immobility time as compared to scopolamine-treated group. Sildenafil (1.25, 2.5 and 5 mg/kg) significantly enhanced the antidepressant activity of amitriptyline (5 mg/kg). No changes in anti-immobility action of desi-pramine (20 mg/kg) in combination with sildenafil (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) were observed. Sildenafil did not affect amitriptyline level in both brain and serum. In conclusion, the present study suggests that sildenafil may enhance the activity of antidepressant drugs which exhibit cholinolytic activity.
Structure of the N-glycosidase MilB in complex with hydroxymethyl CMP reveals its Arg23 specifically recognizes the substrate and controls its entry

5-Hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) is present in T-even phage and mammalian DNA as well as some nucleoside antibiotics, including mildiomycin and bacimethrin, during whose synthesis 5hmC is produced by the hydrolysis of 5-hydroxymethyl cytidine 5′-monophosphate (hmCMP) by an N-glycosidase MilB. Recently, the MilB–CMP complex structure revealed its substrate specificity for CMP over dCMP. However, hmCMP instead of CMP is the preferred substrate for MilB as supported by that its KM for CMP is ∼27-fold higher than that for hmCMP. Here, we determined the crystal structures of MilB and its catalytically inactive E103A mutant in complex with hmCMP. In the structure of the complex, Phe22 and Arg23 are positioned in a cage-like active site resembling the binding pocket for the flipped 5-methylcytosine (5mC) in eukaryotic 5mC-binding proteins. Van der Waals interaction between the benzene ring of Phe22 and the pyrimidine ring of hmCMP stabilizes its binding. Remarkably, upon hmCMP binding, the guanidinium group of Arg23 was bent ∼65° toward hmCMP to recognize its 5-hydroxymethyl group, inducing semi-closure of the cage-like pocket. Mutagenesis studies of Arg23 and bioinformatics analysis demonstrate that the positively charged Arg/Lys at this site is critical for the specific recognition of the 5-hydroxymethyl group of hmCMP.
Variants of the Kernel Method for Lattice Path Models

The kernel method has proved to be an extremely versatile tool for exact and asymptotic enumeration. Recent applications in the study of lattice walks have linked combinatorial properties of a model to algebraic conditions on its generating function, demonstrating how to extract additional information from the process. This thesis details two new results. In the first, we apply the iterated kernel method to determine asymptotic information about a family of models in the quarter plane, finding their generating functions explicitly and classifying them as non D-finite. The second considers d-dimensional walks restricted to an octant whose step sets are symmetric over every axis. A generalized version of the orbit sum method allows for a representation of their generating functions as diagonals of multivariate rational functions, proving they are D-finite. In combination with current developments from analytic combinatorics in several variables, this yields dominant asymptotics for all such models.
Effect of cold application in combination with Indomethacin suppository on chest tube removal pain in patients undergoing open heart surgery

Background: Chest tube removal is a painful procedure. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of cold application in combination with Indomethacin suppository on chest tube removal pain in patients undergoing open heart surgery. Materials and Methods: This single-blind, double-group clinical trial was performed on 66 patients aged 18-68 years with the chest tube in pleural space. The Indomethacin suppository (100 mg) was administered 1 h before the chest tub removal in both groups. In the intervention group, we applied a 4°C cold pack in the chest tube side for 20 min. In the placebo group, the applied pack was at room temperature. Pain intensity was measured by Visual Analog Score 20 min before, immediately after, and 15 min after the chest tube removal. Results: Immediately after the CTR, the mean pain score was 2.67 ± 0.79 and 3.9 ± 0.76 in the intervention and placebo groups, respectively. The pain scores measured before and 15 min after the CTR were not statistically different between the two groups. Conclusion: Application of cold in combination with Indomethacin suppository during the CTR was a suitable, low-risk, and easy method for pain control in open heart patients.
Emotional contagion for unseen bodily expressions

Emotional contagion refers to the tendency to automatically mimic and synchronize our facial expressions with those of another person. Recent EMG studies have shown that emotionally-congruent expressive reactions in the observer’s face may be also elicited by the perception of bodily expressions, thus challenging the view that emotional contagion is simply due to motor imitation based on conscious visual recognition. Here we investigated whether emotional contagion may be triggered by bodily expressions that cannot be consciously perceived. Facial EMG was recorded in response to the presentation of backwardly masked happy and fearful bodily expressions. The subjects reacted with emotionally-congruent facial expressions (i.e., greater zygomaticus major activity for happy expressions, and greater corrugator supercilli activity for fearful expressions), despite the fact that they were unable to consciously detect the triggering body stimuli. The present findings suggest that expressive facial reactions may unfold as an automatic response driven by the activation of emotion-specific affect programs that are independent from conscious visual recognition.
The Broadband Performance Index: A Policy-Relevant Method of Assessing Broadband Adoption Among Countries

In this paper, we present a new and policy-relevant means of comparing the broadband adoption rates among countries  the Broadband Performance Index (BPI). Unlike the OECD, which ranks countries' broadband performance using raw, per capita subscription data alone, the BPI is a policy-relevant means of comparing broadband adoption among countries because it measures whether actual broadband penetration in a country meets, exceeds, or fails to meet its expected performance. We generate the BPI for each OECD country with econometric techniques that take into account a number of factors, such as income, income inequality, education, population age, and population density. The BPI shows that among OECD countries, broadband adoption in the U.S. generally meets expectations. Interestingly, countries often cited as broadband miracles, like Korea and Japan, are average performers like U.S., and several countries ranked higher than the U.S. by the OECD (such as Denmark and Norway) are significantly underperforming. Countries like Portugal and Turkey, each of which rank behind the United States in the OECD rankings, are actually surpassing their demographic and economic endowments substantially.
A cross-cultural comparison of the impact of Social Presence on website trust, usefulness and enjoyment

Previous studies have shown that website design elements (such as text and pictures) can be manipulated to increase the perception of Social Presence (SP) among online consumers, which can then impact trust, usefulness and enjoyment. This paper seeks to determine if the impacts of infusing SP in websites is culture specific or universal. We were able to demonstrate similar results with Chinese online consumers compared to Canadian online customers in terms of usefulness and enjoyment, but not for trust. The paper concludes with a discussion of these results outlining implications for practitioners and directions for future research.
Please Scroll down for Article the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Depressive Realism and the Effect of Intertrial Interval on Judgements of Zero, Positive, and Negative Contingencies

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Measuring Information Asymmetries and Modeling their Impact on Senegalese Migrants' Remittances

The literature on migrants’ remittances commonly bypasses information asymmetry issues, putting forward that they occur within the extended family, where information is assumed to circulate perfectly. We use novel, matched data on Senegalese migrants (in France, Italy and Mauritania) and their households of origin to measure empirically discrepancies between migrants' and households' responses to identical survey questions. As the discrepancies prove to be systematically non-zero, we assess potential explanations and provice evidence that information asymmetry is most likely at work. Testable predictions are obtained from a simple theoretical framework and supported by the data. A natural question is then whether information asymmetry affects empirical analyses of transfers determinants. We show thanks to the model that information asymmetry may entail a serious bias in transfer regressions, which is difficult to sign a priori.
Information Technology Usage and Project Performance: The Mediating Role of Process Capabilities

The impact of information technology on improving the productivity of knowledge and information-intensive work has been mixed. Prior research has primarily focused on the impact of IT spending on firm-level performance. To further this line of research, it is necessary to understand the operational and process-level changes, and isolate the impact of IT application usage on process-level capabilities associated with information work. We focus at the level of business process in information work contexts and measure the impact of IT usage on organizational performance based on business process-level measures such as project cycle time, cost, and completion rates. The central research contribution is the development of an empirically validated research framework to improve our understanding of the operational impact of technology on the effectiveness of information work. Our results indicate that the impact of IT on project performance is mediated through its enablement of process capabilities which explains differences in process-level performance across a cross-section of companies.