Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tag, cloud and ontology based retrieval of images

In this paper, we describe the results of an experiment designed to compare different user interfaces for retrieving tagged images from a database comprised of images of Jewish cultural heritage. The participants were given ten scenarios, for which they were asked to retrieve all the relevant images in the database. Each participant was randomly assigned to one of four retrieval interfaces: tag search in a search box; faceted tag search in a search box, selecting terms from the tag cloud of all the tags in the database and selecting concepts from an ontology created from the tags assigned to the images. Each interface was tested by 21 users. The results show that the highest recall on average was achieved by users of the ontology interface, for seven out of the ten tasks, however users were more satisfied with the textbox based search than the cloud or the ontology. Differences between the precision values were small (less than 10%), but none of the interfaces clearly outdid the others. In terms of recall, on average there was a 27% difference between the group achieving the highest and lowest recall.
Familial transmission of depression and antisocial behavior symptoms: disentangling the contribution of inherited and environmental factors and testing the mediating role of parenting

Background Genetic and environmental influences on child psychopathology have been studied extensively through twin and adoption designs. We offer a novel methodology to examine genetic and environmental influences on the intergenerational transmission of psychopathology using a sample of parents and children conceived through in vitro fertilization (IVF). Method The sample included families with children born through IVF methods, who varied as to whether the child was genetically related or unrelated to the rearing mother and father (mother genetically related, n=434; mother genetically unrelated, n=127; father genetically related, n=403; father genetically unrelated, n=156). Using standardized questionnaires, mothers and fathers respectively reported on their own psychopathology (depression, aggression), their parenting behavior toward their child (warmth, hostility) and their child's psychopathology (depression, aggression). A cross-rater approach was used, where opposite parents reported on child symptoms (i.e. fathers reported on symptoms for the mother–child dyad, and vice versa). Results For mother–child dyads, a direct association between mother depression and child depression was observed among genetically unrelated dyads, whereas a fully mediated path was observed among genetically related dyads through mother-to-child hostility and warmth. For father–child dyads, direct and mediated pathways were observed for genetically related father–child dyads. For aggression, the direct association between parent aggression and child aggression was fully mediated by parent-to-child hostility for both groups, indicating the role of parent-to-child hostility as a risk mechanism for transmission. Conclusions A differential pattern of genetic and environmental mediation underlying the intergenerational transmission of psychopathology was observed among genetically related and genetically unrelated father–child and mother–child dyads.
Hyperglycemia Induces Toll-Like Receptor-2 and -4 Expression and Activity in Human Microvascular Retinal Endothelial Cells: Implications for Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) causes visual impairment in working age adults and hyperglycemia-mediated inflammation is central in DR. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a key role in innate immune responses and inflammation. However, scanty data is available on their role in DR. Hence, in this study, we examined TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA and protein expression and activity in hyperglycemic human retinal endothelial cells (HMVRECs). HMVRECs were treated with hyperglycemia (HG) or euglycemia and mRNA and protein levels of TLR-2, TLR-4, MyD88, IRF3, and TRIF as well as NF-κB p65 activation were measured. IL-8, IL-1β, TNF-α and MCP-1, ICAM-1, and VCAM-1 as well as monocyte adhesion to HMVRECs were also assayed. HG (25 mM) significantly induced TLR2 and TLR4 mRNA and protein in HMVRECs. It also increased both MyD88 and non-MyD88 pathways, nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), biomediators, and monocyte adhesion. This inflammation was attenuated by TLR-4 or TLR-2 inhibition, and dual inhibition by a TLR inhibitory peptide as well as TLR2 and 4 siRNA. Additionally, antioxidant treatment reduced TLR-2 and TLR4 expression and downstream inflammatory markers. Collectively, our novel data suggest that hyperglycemia induces TLR-2 and TLR-4 activation and downstream signaling mediating increased inflammation possibly via reactive oxygen species (ROS) and could contribute to DR.
A tissue culture bilayer model to study the passage of Neisseria meningitidis

A tissue culture bilayer system has been developed as a model to study the mechanisms of attachment and invasion involved in the pathogenesis of Neisseria meningitidis. The model incorporates epithelial and endothelial cell layers separated by a microporous membrane and makes it possible to observe and quantify the passage of bacteria through the multiple layers and to study the mechanisms by which they make this passage. This model is adaptable to a wide variety of microbial pathogens and can be modified by substituting any physiologically relevant eucaryotic cells for the component layers. The system's makeup of cells of human origin and its reproducibility give it advantages over animal and primary organ culture models, while the added complexity of multiple layers allowing cell-to-cell communication makes it a more realistic human tissue model than standard cell monolayers.
Goal Effects on Action and Cognition

guslu. 198ö; Karnio"l & Rois, 1996; Karoly, 1993; Kruglan.kil ibgO, Mclntosh & Martin, 1992; Tetlock, 1992) on thii theme. The reasons for this are manifold' Some are rooted in the theoretical developments in the psychology of motivation (see Geen, 1995;-Gollwitzer, t99l; Heckh"or"t, 1991; Kuhl, 1983), others within the impact of the cognitive revolution on social psychology (see Fiske, f9ö3b; Higgins & Bargh, 1987; Smith, 1994; Stevens &
A comprehensive assessment of self-report experiences of adoptive parents of special needs children in Florida

OF THE DISSERTATION A COMPREHENSIVE ASSESSMENT OF SELF-REPORT EXPERIENCES OF ADOPTIVE PARENTS OF SPECIAL NEEDS CHILDREN.IN FLORIDA by Arlene Kaplan Brown Florida International University, 1996 Professor Karen Sowers-Hoag, Major Professor Adoption of special needs children is now seen as a life long event whereby the adoptive child and family have unique needs. The need for postplacement resources throughout the life cycle of the adoption process is evident. This exploratory-descriptive research employed a random stratified cross-sectional design. The purpose of the study was to describe, identify, examine, and assess the relative ainfluence of identified empirically and conceptually relevant variables of self-report experiences of adoptive parents of special needs children. Primary areas of exploration included: (1) adoptive children and families' characteristics, (2) postplacement service needs, utilization and satisfaction, and (3) adoptive parents' perceptions of their adoption experiences. A proportionate stratified random mail survey was used to obtain 474 families who had adopted special needs children from the 15 vii geographic districts which make up the state adoption social service agency in Florida. A 144-item survey questionnaire was used to collect basic information on demographic data, service provision, and adoption experiences. Four research questions were analyzed to test the effect the predictor variables had on willingness to adopt another special needs child, successful adoption, satisfying experience, and realism about problems. All four research questions revealed that the full model and the child's antecedent and the adoptive parents' intervening variable blocks were significant in explaining the variance in the dependent variables. The child's intervening variables alone were only significant in explaining the variance for one of the dependent variables. The results of the statistical analysis on the fifth research question and the three hypotheses determined that (1) only one postplacement service, crisis intervention, had a statistically significant impact on the adoptive parents' perceived level of satisfaction with the adoption experience; ('2) adoptive parents who rate their adoption as successful are more likely to express a desire to adopt another special needs child; (3) the more adequate information on the child the adoptive parents perceived that they had prior to placement, the more they perceived they were realistic about the problems they would encounter; and (4) six specific viii postplacement services were found to be significant in predicting successful adoptions crisis intervention, outpatient drug/alcohol treatment, maintenance subsidy, physical therapy, special medical equipment, and family counseling. Implications for the social, work field and future research are discussed.
Work Schedule, Needle Use, and Needlestick Injuries Among Registered Nurses

Objective. To examine the association between working conditions and needlestick injury among registered nurses. We also describe needle use and needlestick injuries according to nursing position, workplace, and specialty. Design. Three-wave longitudinal survey conducted between November 2002 and April 2004. Setting and Participants. A probability sample of 2,624 actively licensed registered nurses from 2 states in the United States. Follow-up rates for waves 2 and 3 were 85% and 86%, respectively. Respondents who had worked as a nurse during the past year (n = 2,273) prior to wave 1 were included in this analysis. Results. Of the nurses, 15.6% reported a history of needlestick injury in the year before wave 1, and the cumulative incidence by wave 3 was 16.3%. The estimated number of needles used per day was significantly related to the odds of sustaining a needlestick injury. Hours worked per day, weekends worked per month, working other than day shifts, and working 13 or more hours per day at least once a week were each significantly associated with needlestick injuries. A factor combining these variables was significantly associated with needlestick injuries even after adjustment for job demands, although this association was somewhat explained by physical job demands. Conclusions. Despite advances in protecting workers from needlestick injuries, extended work schedules and their concomitant physical demands are still contributing to the occurrence of injuries and illnesses to nurses. Such working conditions, if modified, could lead to further reductions in needlestick injuries.
A new sparse rule-based fuzzy reasoning method

This paper presents a new fuzzy interpolative reasoning method in the sparse fuzzy rule bases based on so-called similarity relations of fuzzy sets. By this reasoning method, an inference consequence can be simply obtained, and is a normal and convex fuzzy set without any limitation, which shows the potential ability of the proposed method in real-world fuzzy applications.
TIME PRODUCTION, PEAK ALPHA FREQUENCY, AND SEX DIFFERENCES: THE PLOT THICKENS

We propose a novel way of computing the change in size of a subjective time unit (S), based on a ratio score of produced durations, and investigate how this S-ratio changes as a function of Quadrato motor training, Vipassana meditation and a control condition of restful wakefulness, using different participants for each condition. The similar trend for both peak alpha frequency (PAF) and the S-ratio following motor training is summarized by their significant correlation of 0.57. We discuss the relationship between PAF, time production, and movement, drawing implications for the rate of functioning of an internal clock.
The Relations of Stressful Events and Nonacademic Future Expectations in African American Adolescents: Gender Differences in Parental Monitoring

Abstract:Urban African American high school students (N 206) completed a study to examine gender differences in parental monitoring and the effect on the relationship between exposure to stressful life events and nonacademic future expectations. Participant's ages range from 13 to 18 (M 15.78, SD 1.19). Participants reported high exposure to stressful life events, but also high future expectations. Older girls reported the highest levels of parental monitoring. Parental monitoring showed a moderating effect on the future expectations only for African American adolescent males, who were exposed to a high number of stressful life events. This finding seems to suggest that while older African American adolescent females report the highest levels of parental monitoring, the construct has more of an impact on outcomes for males.
Early identification of mutation carriers in familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy by combined echocardiography and tissue Doppler imaging.

AIMS Preliminary studies suggested that tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) was able to identify mutation carriers in familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) before the development of hypertrophy. However, data are limited. We performed a systematic analysis of echocardiography, TDI, and electrocardiogram (ECG) in familial HCM to identify parameters associated with genetic status. METHODS AND RESULTS We analysed 120 adults spread out in three groups: HCM patients with hypertrophy (LVH+, n = 48), mutation carriers without hypertrophy (LVH-/G+, n = 24), and normal control subjects (n = 48). Several parameters were significantly different in LVH-/G+ compared with controls. Multivariate logistic regression identified only three independent echographic/TDI parameters associated with genetic status: the inter-ventricular septum/left posterior wall ratio (P = 0.006), relative wall thickness (P = 0.026), and septal E/Ea ratio (P = 0.008). An echo/TDI score determined after receiver operating characteristic analysis identified mutation carriers with 67% sensitivity and 96% specificity. In comparison, only 29% were identified by the previously proposed TDI criterion (lateral Ea velocity <14 cm/s) and only 33% by major ECG abnormalities. CONCLUSION Tissue Doppler imaging velocities alone were not reliable enough to identify LVH-free mutation carriers in HCM. In contrast, abnormal LV remodelling was a frequent early manifestation of HCM. We developed a new score, combining echocardiographic and TDI parameters, that identifies mutation carriers before and independently of hypertrophy with high accuracy.
Computing the first Betti number and the connected components of semi-algebraic sets

In this paper we describe the first singly exponential algorithm for computing the first Betti number of a given semi-algebraic set. We also describe algorithms for obtaining semi-algebraic descriptions of the semi-algebraically connected components of any given real algebraic or semi-algebraic set. Singly exponential algorithms for computing the zero-th Betti number, and the Euler-Poincaré characteristic, were known before. No singly exponential algorithm was known for computing any of the individual Betti numbers other than the zero-th one.
The new analytical expression for measurement uncertainty in a measuring of RMS value of AC signals as result of non ideal synchronization

Synchronous sampling allows alternating current (AC) quantities, such as the root mean square (RMS) values of voltage and power, to be determined with very low uncertainties (on the order of a few parts of 10 -6 (1)). In this a new mathematical expression for estimating measurement uncertainties in nonideal synchronization with fundamental frequency AC signals is presented. The obtain- ed results were compared with those obtained with a high-precision instrument for measuring basic AC values. Computer simulation demonstrating the effective- ness of these new expression, are also presented.
Policy Worlds: Anthropology and the Analysis of Contemporary Power

Introduction Chapter 1. Conceptualising Policy: Technologies of Governance and the Politics of Visibility Cris Shore and Susan Wright Section I: Studying Policy: Methods, Paradigms, Perspectives Introduction Susan Wright Chapter 2. Illuminating the Apparatus: Steps toward a Nonlocal Ethnography of Global Governance Greg Feldman, University of British Columbia Chapter 3. Politics and Ethics: Ethnographies of Expert Knowledge and Professional Identities David Mosse, SOAS, London Chapter 4. Peopling Policy: on Conflicting Subjectivities of Fee-Paying Students Gritt B. Nielsen, Aarhus University Chapter 5. Studying throughA": a Strategy for Studying Political Transformations. Or Sex, Lies and British Politics Susan Wright and Sue Reinhold (North BerkeleyInvestment Partners) Chapter 6. What was Neo-liberalism and what Comes Next? The Transformation of Citizenship in the Law-and-Order State Susan Hyatt, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis Section II: Studying Governance: Policy as a Window onto the Modern State Introduction Cris Shore Chapter 7. Intimate Knowledge and the Politics of Policy Convergence: The World Bank and Social Security Reform in Mexico Tara Schwegler, University of Chicago Chapter 8. Shadow Governing: What the Neocon Core Reveals About Power and Influence in America Janine Wedel, George Mason University Chapter 9. Espionage, Policy and the Art of Government: The British Secret Services and the War on Iraq Cris Shore Chapter 10. The (Un)making of Policy in the Shadow of the World Bank: Infrastructure Development, Urban Resettlement and the Cunning State in India Shalini Randeria and Ciara Grunder, University of Zurich Chapter 11. Sweden's National Pension System as a Political Technology Anette Nyqvist, Stockholm University Section III: Subjects of Policy: Construction and Contestation Introduction Davide Pero Chapter 12. The Case of Scanzano: Raison d'Etat and the Reasons for Rebellion Dorothy Louise Zinn, Universita degli Studi della Basilicata Chapter 13. Migrants' Practices of Citizenship and Policy Change Davide Pero Chapter 14. Integration Policy and Ethnic Minority Associations Clarissa Kugelberg, Upsala University Chapter 15. The Elephant in the Room. Multi-stakeholder Dialogue on Agricultural Biotechnology in the Food and Agriculture Organisation Birgit Muller, LAIOS-CNRS Paris Afterword Chapter 16. A policy ethnographer's reading of policy anthropology Dvora Yanow, Vrije University Notes on Contributors Ends Index
Major Shifts in the Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Lung Antioxidant Enzymes during Influenza Pneumonia

With the incessant challenge of exposure to the air we breathe, lung tissue suffers the highest levels of oxygen tension and thus requires robust antioxidant defenses. Furthermore, following injury or infection, lung tissue faces the additional challenge of inflammation-induced reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS). Little is known about the identity or distribution of lung antioxidant enzymes under normal conditions or during infection-induced inflammation. Using a mouse model of influenza (H1N1 influenza virus A/PR/8/34 [PR8]) in combination with bioinformatics, we identified seven lung-abundant antioxidant enzymes: Glutathione peroxidase 3 (Gpx3), Superoxide dismutase 3 (Sod3), Transferrin (Tf), peroxyredoxin6 (Prdx6), glutathione S-transferase kappa 1 (Gstk1), Catalase (Cat), and Glutathione peroxidase 8 (Gpx8). Interestingly, despite the demand for antioxidants during inflammation, influenza caused depletion in two key antioxidants: Cat and Prdx6. As Cat is highly expressed in Clara cells, virus-induced Clara cell loss contributes to the depletion in Cat. Prdx6 is also reduced due to Clara cell loss, however there is a coincident increase in Prdx6 levels in the alveoli, resulting in only a subtle reduction of Prdx6 overall. Analogously, Gpx3 shifts from the basement membranes underlying the bronchioles and blood vessels to the alveoli, thus maintaining balanced expression. Taken together, these studies identify key lung antioxidants and reveal their distribution among specific cell types. Furthermore, results show that influenza depletes key antioxidants, and that in some cases there is coincident increased expression, consistent with compensatory expression. Given that oxidative stress is known to be a key risk factor during influenza infection, knowledge about the antioxidant repertoire of lungs, and the spatio-temporal distribution of antioxidants, contributes to our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of influenza-induced morbidity and mortality.
Tentative steps toward a development method for interfering programs

Development methods for (sequential) programs that run in isolation have been studied elsewhere. Programs that run in parallel can interfere with each other, either via shared storage or by sending messages. Extensions to earlier development methods are proposed for the rigorous development of interfering programs. In particular, extensions to the specification method based on postconditions that are predicates of two states and the development methods of operation decomposition and data refinement are proposed. 41 references.
Recording Completion for Certificates in Equational Reasoning

We introduce recording completion, a variant of Knuth-Bendix completion which facilitates the construction of certificates for various equational logic proofs (completion proofs, entailment proofs and dis-proofs). The approach generalizes to more powerful variants of completion such as ordered completion and AC completion. We implemented recording completion in the tools KBCV and MKBTT. Both tools allow to choose among different formats of proof certificates, namely conversions, proof trees, and conversions with history. We report on experimental results in which all generated certificates have been verified by the trustable checker CeTA.
Probabilistic Analysis of the (1+1)-Evolutionary Algorithm

We give a detailed analysis of the optimization time of the -Evolutionary Algorithm under two simple fitness functions (OneMax and LeadingOnes). The problem has been approached in the evolutionary algorithm literature in various ways and with different degrees of rigor. Our asymptotic approximations for the mean and the variance represent the strongest of their kind. The approach we develop is based on an asymptotic resolution of the underlying recurrences and can also be extended to characterize the corresponding limiting distributions. While most of our approximations can be derived by simple heuristic calculations based on the idea of matched asymptotics, the rigorous justifications are challenging and require a delicate error analysis.