Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Deoxyhypusine Synthase Mutant dys1-1 Reveals the Association of eIF5A and Asc1 with Cell Wall Integrity

The putative eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) is a highly conserved protein among archaea and eukaryotes that has recently been implicated in the elongation step of translation. eIF5A undergoes an essential and conserved posttranslational modification at a specific lysine to generate the residue hypusine. The enzymes deoxyhypusine synthase (Dys1) and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase (Lia1) catalyze this two-step modification process. Although several Saccharomyces cerevisiae eIF5A mutants have importantly contributed to the study of eIF5A function, no conditional mutant of Dys1 has been described so far. In this study, we generated and characterized the dys1-1 mutant, which showed a strong depletion of mutated Dys1 protein, resulting in more than 2-fold decrease in hypusine levels relative to the wild type. The dys1-1 mutant demonstrated a defect in total protein synthesis, a defect in polysome profile indicative of a translation elongation defect and a reduced association of eIF5A with polysomes. The growth phenotype of dys1-1 mutant is severe, growing only in the presence of 1 M sorbitol, an osmotic stabilizer. Although this phenotype is characteristic of Pkc1 cell wall integrity mutants, the sorbitol requirement from dys1-1 is not associated with cell lysis. We observed that the dys1-1 genetically interacts with the sole yeast protein kinase C (Pkc1) and Asc1, a component of the 40S ribosomal subunit. The dys1-1 mutant was synthetically lethal in combination with asc1Δ and overexpression of TIF51A (eIF5A) or DYS1 is toxic for an asc1Δ strain. Moreover, eIF5A is more associated with translating ribosomes in the absence of Asc1 in the cell. Finally, analysis of the sensitivity to cell wall-perturbing compounds revealed a more similar behavior of the dys1-1 and asc1Δ mutants in comparison with the pkc1Δ mutant. These data suggest a correlated role for eIF5A and Asc1 in coordinating the translational control of a subset of mRNAs associated with cell integrity.
Social Norms Approaches Using Descriptive Drinking Norms Education: A Review of the Research on Personalized Normative Feedback

College students have been shown to consistently overestimate the drinking of their peers. As a result, social norms approaches are effective in correcting these misperceived norms to reduce alcohol consumption and alcohol-related problems. In this review of literature, the authors critically evaluated the effectiveness of personalized normative feedback. In addition, the authors reviewed personalized normative feedback interventions and provided suggestions for increasing the efficacy of these interventions by making better use of salient referent group data.
Effect of the Aqueous Root Extract of Urena lobata (Linn) on the Liver of Albino Rat

The effects of the aqueous root extract of urena lobata on the rat liver was investigated using a total of (25) adult Wister rats of both sexes that were randomly divided into five groups of five rats each. Group I served as the control, while rats in groups II-IV where administered 100, 200 and 300 mg/kg body weight of the extract, respectively for 28 days. Rats in group V were administered 300 mg/kg of the extract for 28 days and allowed to stay for 14 days post treatment to observe for reversibility, persistence or delayed occurrence of toxic effects. At the end of the experimental period the animals were sacrificed and liver weight taken and fixed for routine histological examinations. Administration of the extract to rats had no effects on liver and body weights but the extract caused a decrease in albumin level and increases in the levels of Aspartate Transaminases (AST), Alanine Transaminases (ALT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP). Histopathological assessment of the liver revealed mild to severe interstitial hemorrhage, mononuclear cell infiltration, necrosis, congestion and edema in the liver of the treated rats while withdrawal of the extract for 14 days showed a slight degree of recovery in the rats. This findings suggest that the biochemical and morphological organization of the liver can significantly be altered with continues and increase use of the extract, but further studies on the long term effect of the extract and a prolonged recovery period is recommended in further studies.
Multivariate Analysis For Yield and Its Components In Maize Under Zinc and Nitrogen Fertilization Levels

The study was carried out at the Agricultural Research and Experimental Center of the Faculty of Agriculture, Moshtohor. Five statistical procedures of relating yield components to yield, i.e., simple correlation, path coefficient analysis, stepwise regression, multiple regressions and factor analysis were applied to yield contributing characters to determine their functional relationships to yield and determine the effect of foliar application of zinc sulphate (zero, 0.2 and 0.4%) and six nitrogen fertilizer levels (60, 80, 100, 120, 140 and 160 kg/fed) on growth, yield and yield components in maize. The obtained results were as follows: Highly significant positive correlation values were detected between grain yield/plant and each of ear height, ear diameter, ear length, number of kernels/row, number of rows/ear and 100-kernel weight. Kernel ear weight had the most direct effect on grain yield/plant followed by direct effect of ear diameter, ear height and ear length. In Multiple linear regressions, the relative contribution for all yield factors explained 88.3% of the total variation in grain yield. The stepwise regression show that, kernel ear weight, ear height, ear length, ear diameter and 100-kernel weight were the most contributing variables in grain yield of maize (88.2% in grain yield variation). The factor analysis grouped the studied variables into two factors, which explained 90.57% of the total variability in the dependence structure. The first factor contributed 49.16% while, the second factor was responsible for 41.4% of the total variability. Zinc application as spray resulted in significant increases in plant height, stem diameter, ear length, ear diameter, No. of kernels/row, ear weight, kernels ear weight, 100-kernel weight, grain yield/plant and grain yield/fed in both seasons, ear height and No. of ears/plant in the second season. Applying of 140 or 160 kg N/fed increased significantly all growth characters, yield and yield components in the first and second seasons. The interaction between spraying of zinc and N fertilizer levels had significant effect on plant height, ear height, ear length, ear diameter, No. of kernels/row and grain yield/fed in the first and second seasons, stem diameter in the first season and No. of rows/ear, kernels ear weight and grain yield/plant in the second one. The highest values obtained for grain yield plant and fed were detected by spraying with zinc at (0.4% Zn So4) and applied 140 N/fed.
A computational model of executive control in frontal cortex and basal ganglia: multiple levels of analysis

Planning and executing volitional actions in the face of conflicting habitual responses is a critical aspect of human behavior. At the core of the interplay between these two control systems lies an override mechanism that can suppress the habitual action selection process and allow executive control to take over. Here, we construct a neural circuit model informed by behavioral and electrophysiological data collected on various response inhibition paradigms. This model extends a well established model of action selection in the basal ganglia (BG) by including a frontal executive control network which integrates information about sensory input and task rules to facilitate well-informed decision making via the oculomotor system. Our simulations of the antisaccade, Simon and saccade-override task ensue in conflict between a prepotent and controlled response which causes the network to pause action selection via projections to the subthalamic nucleus. Our model reproduces key behavioral and electrophysiological patterns and their sensitivity to lesions and pharmacological manipulations. We further develop a higher level description of the associated processes based on the drift diffusion model (DDM), with a switch in the drift rate when cognitive control is issued. We systematically investigate the relationship between neural model and switch-DDM parameters, thereby developing predictions about the neurobiological modulators of distinct components to executive control. Finally, we show how this network can be extended to include the inferior frontal cortex to simulate key qualitative patterns of global response inhibition demands as required in the stop-signal task.
Efficient iterative mean shift based cosine dissimilarity for multi-recording speaker clustering

Speaker clustering is an important task in many applications such as Speaker Diarization as well as Speech Recognition. Speaker clustering can be done within a single multi-speaker recording (Diarization) or for a set of different recordings. In this work we are interested by the former case and we propose a simple iterative Mean Shift (MS) algorithm to deal with this problem. Traditionally, MS algorithm is based on Euclidean distance. We propose to use the Cosine distance in order to build a new version of MS algorithm. We report results as measured by speaker and cluster impurities on NIST SRE 2008 datasets.
Serum antibody to lipopolysaccharide antigens of Shigella species among U.S. military personnel deployed to Saudi Arabia and Kuwait during Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm

During Operations Desert Shield and Desert Storm, U.S. troops were at high risk of diarrheal disease due to Shigella spp. , particularly Shigella sonnei. In order to better understand the serologic response to Shigella infection, 830 male U.S. combat troops were evaluated before and after the deployment to Saudi Arabia and Kuwait for immunoglobulin A (IgA) and IgG anti-Shigella lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (antibody to S. sonnei form I and Shigella flexneri serotypes 1a, 2a, and 3a) in serum. Just before deployment, 10.3% of the subjects were seropositive for IgA and 18.3% were positive for IgG anti-Shigella LPS. IgA and IgG anti-LPS antibody levels in serum prior to deployment were significantly associated with nonwhite race and ethnicity, birth outside the United States, and antibody to hepatitis A virus and Helicobacter pylori. During the deployment, which lasted for a mean of 131 days, 60% of the subjects reported at least one episode of diarrhea and 15% reported an episode of diarrhea with feverishness; also, 5.5% of the subjects exhibited IgA seroconversion to Shigella LPS and 14.0% exhibited IgG seroconversion. A significant association between the development of diarrheal symptoms and either positive predeployment anti-LPS antibody or seroconversion was not found. These data indicate that in this population of U.S. Desert Storm troops who were at high risk of Shigella infection, there was no apparent relation between IgA or IgG anti-Shigella LPS in serum and diarrheal disease.
Middle School and High School Students' Probabilistic Reasoning on Coin Tasks.

This article describes a subset of results from a larger study (Rubel, 2002) that explored middle school and high school students' probabilistic reasoning abilities across a variety of probabilistic contexts and constructs. Students in grades 5, 7, 9, and 11 at an urban, private school for boys (n = 173) completed a Probability Inventory, comprising adapted tasks from the research literature, which required students to provide answers as well as justifications of their responses. Supplemental clinical interviews were conducted with 33 students to provide further detail about their reasoning. This article focuses specifically on the probabilistic constructs of compound events and independence in the context of coin tossing. Analyses ofjustifications of correct and incorrect answers are provided, offering insight into students' strategies, reasoning, and underlying cognitive models. A belief framework is supported by the results of this study. Potential implications for research and instruction are also discussed.
An evaluation of three methods used to assess the gestational age of Aboriginal neonates

Abstract Many Aboriginal women do not recall their last menstrual period date, so alternative methods of estimating gestational age are necessary for optimal obstetric and neonatal care. In this retrospective review of 605 Aboriginal infants born at the Royal Darwin Hospital, the gestational age was estimated by the Dubowitz method and compared with available gestational age estimates from first fundal height and first ultrasound measurement. There was good agreement between the Dubowitz and ultrasound estimates of gestational age with best agreement occurring when ultrasound was done in the first trimester and worst agreement in the third trimester. Agreement between fundal height and Dubowitz estimates was poor but the measurement of fundal height was not standardized. When accurate last menstrual period information is absent, these findings suggest that good estimates of gestational age in Aboriginal neonates can be determined from the Dubowitz assessment at birth and from ultrasound measurements taken in the first trimester.
Stochastic stability of uncertain fuzzy recurrent neural networks with Markovian jumping parameters

In this paper, the global robust stability of uncertain recurrent neural networks with Markovian jumping parameters which are represented by the Takagi–Sugeno fuzzy model is considered. A novel linear matrix inequality-based stability criterion is obtained by using Lyapunov functional theory to guarantee the asymptotic stability of uncertain fuzzy recurrent neural networks with Markovian jumping parameters. Finally, numerical examples are given to demonstrate the correctness of the theoretical results. Our results are also compared with results discussed in Arik [On the global asymptotic stability of delayed cellular neural networks, IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. I 47 (2000), pp. 571–574], Cao [Global stability conditions for delayed CNNs, IEEE Trans. Circ. Syst. I 48 (2001), pp. 1330–1333] and Lou and Cui [Delay-dependent stochastic stability of delayed Hopfield neural networks with Markovian jump parameters, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 328 (2007), pp. 316–326] to show the effectiveness and conservativeness.
Exponentially Weighted Particle Filter for Simultaneous Localization and Mapping Based on Magnetic Field Measurements

This paper presents a simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) method that utilizes the measurement of ambient magnetic fields present in all indoor environments. In this paper, an improved exponentially weighted particle filter was proposed to estimate the pose distribution of the object and a Kriging interpolation method was introduced to update the map of the magnetic fields. The performance and effectiveness of the proposed algorithms were evaluated by simulations on MATLAB based on a map with magnetic fields measured manually in an indoor environment and also by tests on the mobile devices in the same area. From the tests, two interesting phenomena have been discovered; one is the shift of location estimation after sharp turning and the other is the accumulated errors. While the latter has been confirmed and investigated by a few researchers, the reason for the first one still remains unknown. The tests also confirm that the interpolated map by using the proposed method improves the localization accuracy.
In Vivo MR Imaging of Magnetically Labeled Mesenchymal Stem Cells in a Rat Model of Renal Ischemia

Objective This study was designed to evaluate in vivo MR imaging for the depiction of intraarterially injected superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO)-labeled mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in an experimental rat model of renal ischemia. Materials and Methods Left renal ischemia was induced in 12 male Sprague-Dawley rats by use of the catheter lodging method. In vivo MR signal intensity variations depicted on T2*-weighted sequences were evaluated in both the left and right kidneys prior to injection (n = 2), two hours (n = 4), 15 hours (n = 2), 30 hours (n = 2) and 72 hours (n = 2) after injection of SPIO-labeled MSCs in both kidneys. Signal intensity variations were correlated with the number of Prussian blue stain-positive cells as visualized in histological specimens. Results In an in vivo study, it was determined that there was a significant difference in signal intensity variation for both the left and right cortex (40.8 ± 4.12 and 26.4 ± 7.92, respectively) and for both the left and right medulla (23.2 ± 3.32 and 15.2 ± 3.31, respectively) until two hours after injection (p < 0.05). In addition, signal intensity variation in the left renal cortex was well correlated with the number of Prussian blue stain-positive cells per high power field (r = 0.98, p < 0.05). Conclusion Intraarterial injected SPIO-labeled MSCs in an experimental rat model of renal ischemia can be detected with the use of in vivo MR imaging immediately after injection.
Residual stresses and wear properties of induction-hardened medium carbon steel

A systematic experimental investigation was performed to study the residual stress, microstructure and work hardening on the wear properties of induction-hardened medium carbon steel. The dry sliding wear tests were performed using a reciprocating ball-on-flat apparatus under normal loads of 20, 50, and 100 N against ceramic ball counterface, respectively. The wear mechanism was mainly abrasive wear at low load (20 N) and delamination wear at higher load (100 N) as evidenced by the worn surface topography and wear debris. The deformation layer generated by friction work hardening reduced the friction coefficient, exhibited better antifriction. Typically, the high compressive residual stress could improve the wear resistance by delaying the propagation of microcrack and inhibiting the delamination.
Current Management of Patients with Severe von Willebrand Disease Type 3: A 2012 Update

Von Willebrand disease type 3 (VWD3) is the most severe form of this bleeding disorder due to the almost complete deficiency of von Willebrand factor (VWF). VWD3 is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. While heterozygous carriers exhibit mild or no bleeding symptoms, most patients with VWD3, which is characterized by undetectable levels of VWF antigen (VWF:Ag) and reduced concentrations (<20 IU/dl) of factor VIII (FVIII), show severe bleeding symptoms. Although the incidence of VWD3 is rare, the condition is of considerable interest because of its severe clinical presentation, the need for replacement therapy and the risk of alloantibodies following infusion of plasma-derived VWF concentrates. This review, based on clinical experience, provides an update on the clinical, laboratory and molecular markers of VWD3 that can be useful for determining the optimal therapeutic approach in these patients.
A Nyquist folding analog-to-information receiver

Many radar and communications applications require detection and estimation of signal information across an extremely wide radio frequency (RF) bandwidth. In practice, however, direct digitization of this broadband RF environment is problematic. Physical limitations in analog-to-digital converter (ADC) technology restrict the total bandwidth that can be digitized, as well as the ability to digitize high RF signals directly. This paper describes a novel ldquoanalog-to-informationrdquo receiver, motivated by recent developments in compressed sensing (CS), which overcomes both of these challenges in certain settings. The proposed receiver performs frequency modulated pulsed sampling at sub-Nyquist/Shannon rates to compress a broadband RF environment into an analog interpolation filter. The RF sample clock modulation induces a Nyquist-zone dependent frequency modulation on the received signals, allowing separation and recovery of the signal information from a sparse broadband RF environment.
Temporal trends in the foliar nutritional status of the French, Walloon and Luxembourg broad-leaved plots of forest monitoring

Abstract• Two decades after the launching of the monitoring program of forest ecosystems in Europe (ICP forests), a unique data set is now available regarding the foliar nutritional status of the main broad-leaved species growing in much-diversified sites (soil, climate). • This study focuses on the foliar concentration time series (1993 to 2005) of the French (RENECOFOR), Walloon and Luxemburg broad-leaved plots. The aim is to show long-term trends while taking the inter-plot and inter-annual variability into account. • Two kinds of statistical processing were used to analyze the data on foliar chemistry: principal component analysis (PCAs) and linear mixed models. In general, the main temporal trends reveal a decrease in the foliar P concentration and a decrease in the foliar Ca concentration, except for European beech on acid soils. • These temporal patterns confirm the trends previously observed and could be explained by the joint actions of several processes that influence tree nutrition in the long term: tree age, N and S deposition, harvesting and climate. Résumé• Deux décennies après le lancement du programme de suivi des écosystèmes forestiers en Europe (ICP forests), un jeu de données unique est à présent disponible concernant le statut nutritionnel foliaire des principales essences feuillues implantées dans des stations très diversifies du point de vue du sol et du climat. • Cette étude se focalise sur les séries chronologiques de teneurs foliaires (1993 à 2005) des placettes de feuillus de France, Wallonie et Luxembourg. L’objectif est de mettre en évidence la tendance à long-terme tout en prenant en compte la variabilité inter-placette et inter-annuelle. • Deux types de traitements statistiques ont été utilisés pour analyser les données de nutrition foliaire : l’analyse en composantes principales (ACP) et les modèles linéaires mixtes. Globalement, la tendance principale est une diminution généralisée de la teneur foliaire en P and une diminution de la teneur foliaire en Ca, sauf en ce qui concerne le hêtre sur sols acides. • Ces tendances temporelles confirment celles déjà observées par le passé et pourraient être expliquées par l’action combinée de différents processus influençant la nutrition des arbres à long-terme (vieillissement, dépôts azotés et soufrés, exploitation, fructification).
An in vitro comparison of penetration depth of two root canal sealers: An SEM study

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine in vitro penetration depth of two resin-based sealers (AH plus and Resino Seal) and Zinc Oxide Eugenol sealer into the dentinal tubules after removing smear layer by passive ultrasonic irrigation. Materials and Methods: Thirty freshly extracted maxillary central incisors were used. The teeth were decoronated, working length established and prepared upto size 40 file. Each root was subjected to passive ultrasonic irrigation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite. Three different sealers and gutta-percha were used for obturation. Roots were sectioned using hard tissue microtome. These sections were gold sputtered and examined under scanning electron microscope. Results: Statistical analyses of the data were performed using Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests. Statistically significant difference was found between AH Plus sealer and Resino Seal sealer and Zinc Oxide Eugenol sealer. Conclusion: The results showed that AH Plus had maximum penetration depth into dentinal tubules.