Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Educação matemática e educação financeira: perspectivas para a ENEF

Diante da recente implementacao da Estrategia Nacional de Educacao Financeira (ENEF), o presente trabalho tem por objetivo promover uma reflexao acerca das potenciais interfaces didaticas e conceituais entre Educacao Matematica (EM) e Educacao Financeira (EF), a luz das discussoes sobre a resolucao de problemas matematicos contextualizados dentro e fora do ambiente escolar. Para tanto, parte-se da caracterizacao da relacao antagonica entre a matematica do cotidiano e a matematica escolar; explora-se a dicotomia aprendizagem escolar e extraescolar; avalia-se a relacao entre contexto, conceitos e solucao de problemas matematicos; e passa-se a caracterizacao de um desdobramento recente da EM, a EF. Depreende-se, por fim, que uma das possiveis formas de promover a (re)conciliacao entre escola e cotidiano no âmbito da EM poderia incluir o estreitamento e o aprimoramento de sua relacao com a EF, uma estrategia particularmente relevante no desenvolvimento de competencias matematicas aplicadas as praticas corriqueiras dos alunos. Palavras-chave Educacao matematica; contexto; educacao financeira; ENEF. Mathematics Education and Financial Education: ENEF perspectives Given the recent implementation of the National Strategy for Financial Education (ENEF), this paper aims to reflect on the didactic and conceptual potential interfaces between Mathematics Education (ME) and Finance Education (FE) within the discussion about solving mathematical problems inside and outside the school. First, the antagonistic relationship between school mathematics and everyday mathematics is characterized. Then, the dichotomy between school and out of school learning is explored; the relationship between context, concepts and mathematical problem solving is assessed; and finally, EF is presented as a current development of ME. As a conclusion, one of the possible ways to promote the (re)conciliation between school and everyday life in ME could include narrowing down and improving its relationship with FE, a particularly relevant strategy in the development of applied mathematics skills in the everyday practices of students. Keywords: Mathematics education; context; finance education; ENEF.
Estrogen and Progesterone Prevent Disruption of Prepulse Inhibition by the Serotonin-1A Receptor Agonist 8-Hydroxy-2-dipropylaminotetralin

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of estrogen and progesterone treatment on 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin)-1A (5-HT1A) receptor-mediated disruption of prepulse inhibition (PPI) of acoustic startle. The age-at-onset of schizophrenia is later in women than men, and it has been suggested that women may be protected from schizophrenia by the sex steroid hormone estrogen. 5-HT1A receptors have been implicated in the development of schizophrenia and the action of antipsychotics. PPI is a model of sensorimotor gating that is deficient in schizophrenia and other illnesses. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomized (OVX) or sham-operated. Some OVX rats received silastic implants filled with a low dose of estrogen (E20), a high dose of estrogen (E100), progesterone (P), or both the E20- and P-filled (E/P) silastic implants. Two weeks later, the rats were randomly treated with saline, or 0.02 or 0.5 mg/kg of the 5-HT1A receptor agonist 8-hydroxy-2-dipropylaminotetralin (8-OH-DPAT). Treatment with 8-OH-DPAT resulted in a dose-dependent increase in startle amplitude in all rat groups. PPI was significantly reduced after injection of 0.5 mg/kg 8-OH-DPAT in sham-operated rats, untreated OVX rats, E20-treated OVX rats, and P-treated OVX rats. In contrast, in E100- and E/P-treated OVX rats, PPI was not significantly reduced by 0.5 mg/kg 8-OH-DPAT. These data suggest that treatment with a high dose of estrogen, or with a combination of estrogen and progesterone, prevents 8-OH-DPAT-induced disruption of PPI. Thus, these hormones could be protective against sensorimotor gating deficits, at least those induced by 5-HT1A receptor stimulation, and may therefore be beneficial against some symptoms of schizophrenia.
Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma in Young People

Background: malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is characterized by long latency period between exposure to asbestos and development of the disease so we hypothesize that MPM in the young has different characteristics. Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective study including all eligible patients with malignant pleural mesothelioma presenting to National Cancer Institute, Cairo University during the period from 2008 to 2013. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1: patients aged ≤45 years. Group 2: Patients aged >45 years. Both groups were assessed regarding different clinicpathological features. Primary Objectives: comparison of different epidemiological features of both groups. Secondary Objectives: assessment of clinical response (CR), progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in both groups. Results: 102 Patients were included with median follow up of 14.4 months. Group (1) included 35 patients with mean age 40 ± 3.65 years (31 to 45 years). Group (2) included 67 patients with mean age of 58.6 ± 8.5 years (46 to 87 years). 68% of group (1) came from endemic areas which is significantly higher than group (2): (35.8%), p = 0.02. History of Asbestos exposure was highly significantly different between the 2 groups, 77.1% in group (1) versus 38.8% in group (2), p < 0.001. Other factors showed no significant differences between the two groups. Overall clinical response (CR + PR) was 20% in group (1) versus 17.9% in group (2). P = 0.7. There was a trend towards longer median PFS in young patients, (19.8 ± 8.4 versus 6.9 ± 1.4 months). p = 0.09. The median OS of young patients is significantly longer (20.6 ± 6.3 months) than older patients (11.4 ± 3.6). p = 0.05. Conclusions: Mesothelioma in the young is more sensitive to asbestos exposure, has better OS and likely a different disease entity which needs further studies to understand its underlying biological features.
Non-invasive therapy of brain disorders with focused ultrasound: From animal experiments to clinical transfer

The work presented in this thesis investigates novel modalities to guide Transcranial Magnetic Resonance guided Focused Ultrasound (TcMRgFUS). TcMRgFUS is an emerging and promising non-invasive technique for the treatment of neurological disorders, such as essential tremor or Parkinsonian tremor. A novel Magnetic Resonance Acoustic Radiation Force Imaging (MRARFI) has been used to image the location of the ultrasonic beam produced by a preclinical prototype: an accelerated 2D spin-echo MR ARFI pulse sequence has been introduced to generate undistorted ultrasound-induced displacement maps in ex vivo veal brains with minimum energy deposition. We then investigated direct effects of the ultrasonic beam on brain activity by conducting in vivo ultrasonic neuromodulation, similarly to what is currently achieved with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) but with the millimetric targeting capabilities of the ultrasound. Experiments have been first conducted in an anesthetized rat model to investigate the motor threshold. Numerical simulations have shown that the acoustic pattern in the rat head is affected by reverberations and that special care must be taken when relating acoustic parameters to neurostimulation effects, especially at a low frequency and for small animals. Finally, for the first time, we used low intensity FUS stimulation to causally modulate behavior in an awake nonhuman primate brain. We showed that the latency of an anti-saccade task was delayed significantly in the presence of ultrasonic beam focused in the Frontal Eye Field. Sham experiments did not show any significant change in the latencies.
Support during pregnancy for women at increased risk of low birthweight babies.

BACKGROUND Studies consistently show a relationship between social disadvantage and low birthweight. Many countries have programs offering special assistance to women thought to be at risk for giving birth to a low birthweight infant. These programs may include advice and counselling (about nutrition, rest, stress management, alcohol and recreational drug use), tangible assistance (eg transportation to clinic appointments, help with household responsibilities), and emotional support. The programs may be delivered by multidisciplinary teams of health professionals, by specially trained lay workers, or by a combination of lay and professional workers. OBJECTIVES The objective of this review was to assess the effects of programs offering additional social support for pregnant women who are believed to be at risk for giving birth to preterm or low birthweight babies. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth Group trials register (30 January 2003). SELECTION CRITERIA Randomized trials of additional support during at-risk pregnancy by either a professional (social worker, midwife, or nurse) or specially trained lay person, compared to routine care. Additional support was defined as some form of emotional support (eg counselling, reassurance, sympathetic listening) and information/advice, either in home visits or during clinic appointments, and could include tangible assistance (eg transportation to clinic appointments, assistance with the care of other children at home). DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Reviewers independently assessed trial quality and extracted data. Double data entry was performed. Study authors were contacted to request additional information. MAIN RESULTS Sixteen trials involving 13,651 women were included. The trials were generally of good to excellent quality, although 3 used an allocation method likely to introduce bias. Programs offering additional social support for at-risk pregnant women were not associated with improvements in any perinatal outcomes, but there was a reduction in the likelihood of caesarean birth and an increased likelihood of elective termination of pregnancy. Some improvements in immediate maternal psychosocial outcomes were found in individual trials. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS Pregnant women need the support of caring family members, friends, and health professionals. While programs which offer additional support during pregnancy are unlikely to prevent the pregnancy from resulting in a low birthweight or preterm baby, they may be helpful in reducing the likelihood of caesarean birth.
Cost of Screening for Colorectal Cancer: Results of a Community Mass Screening Program and Review of the Literature*

Colorectal cancer is the second most common form of cancer in the United States, but controversy exists over the feasibility, benefits, and methods of screening. We conducted a large-scale, community-based screening program to determine the cost of screening for colorectal cancer. Based on detailed cost analysis, we arrived at a cost of $15233 per case of colon cancer diagnosed through mass screening, and $7611 per polyp discovered. These figures are much higher than those previously reported in less detailed studies. Other studies currently under way will determine whether morbidity and mortality are decreased by screening. Our data add the information necessary to determine the cost-effectiveness of mass screening for colon cancer, and will be useful in designing future strategies for the secondary prevention of colorectal cancer.
Powered partial adenoidectomy.

OBJECTIVE To confirm our clinical impression that the powered microdebrider is superior to curettes for performing partial adenoidectomy (removal of the superior one half to three fourths of the adenoid pad). DESIGN Observational study of 100 children undergoing partial adenoidectomy with the powered microdebrider compared with 40 children undergoing conventional partial adenoidectomy with curettes. SETTING Private and public tertiary care centers. PATIENTS All patients younger than 20 years undergoing partial adenoidectomy at the respective institutions during the study period. INTERVENTIONS Partial adenoidectomy as indicated for chronic otitis media, airway obstruction, or chronic or recurrent tonsillitis with either the powered microdebrider or curettes. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES Operative time (with specific quantification of the time required for tissue removal and hemostasis), blood loss, complications, and subjective ease of use. RESULTS Operative time was 59% shorter for the microdebrider group (mean, 3 minutes 22 seconds; range, 1 minute 6 seconds to 12 minutes 45 seconds) than for the conventional group (mean, 8 minutes 8 seconds; range, 1 minute 2 seconds to 22 minutes 0 seconds) (P<.001). Blood loss was comparable for both groups (powered group: mean, 2.0 mL/kg; range, 0.4 to 9.4 mL/kg; conventional group: mean, 2.0 mL/kg; range, 0.3 to 6.7 mL/kg; P=.34). There were no intraoperative or postoperative complications in either group. Surgeon satisfaction with the microdebrider was high. CONCLUSIONS The powered microdebrider for partial adenoidectomy is quicker and is not associated with blood loss or complications above that of conventional partial adenoidectomy. The degree of control afforded by the microdebrider technique is of utmost value in preventing complications such as velopharyngeal insufficiency, and this is now our procedure of choice.
Design and implementation of IEEE1588 time synchronization messages timestamping based on FPGA

IEEE1588 is a Precise Time Protocol (PTP), which is of potentially wide application in control and measurement networks. Stamping PTP messages accurately in physical layer taking advantage of hardware circuits, it is one of important key technologies to achieve the object of high precision time synchronization of IEEE1588. This paper analyzes the content of IEEE1588 standard in detail, and proposes a method of "Cyclone II FPGA + MAC + PHY", a hardware solution that stamps the time of PTP messages' arrival and departure. It permits to obtain messages from Media Independent Interface (MII) between MAC and PHY layers by using "DM9000 + LXT971A", while FPGA monitors these signals and timestamps synchronization messages. To validate the solution, a test platform was built. The result shows that the solution can detect the sent and received synchronization messages accurately. This work laid a solid foundation for developing high-precision network clock based on the IEEE1588 standard.
Induction Motor Diagnosis by Advanced Notch FIR Filters and the Wigner–Ville Distribution

During the last years, several time-frequency decomposition tools have been applied for the diagnosis of induction motors, for those cases in which the traditional procedures, such as motor current signature analysis, cannot yield the necessary response. Among them, the Cohen distributions have been widely selected to study transient and even stationary operation due to their high-resolution and detailed information provided at all frequencies. Their main drawback, the cross-terms, has been tackled either modifying the distribution, or carrying out a pretreatment of the signal before computing its time-frequency decomposition. In this paper, a filtering process is proposed that uses advanced notch filters in order to remove constant frequency components present in the current of an induction motor, prior to the computation of its distribution, to study rotor asymmetries and mixed eccentricities. In transient operation of machines directly connected to the grid, this procedure effectively eliminates most of the artifacts that have prevented the use of these tools, allowing a wideband analysis and the definition of a precise quantification parameter able to follow the evolution of their state.
Gluing Schemes and a Scheme Without Closed Points

We flrst construct and give basic properties of a flbered coproduct in the category of ringed spaces (which is just a particular type of colimit). We then look at some special cases where this actually gives a flbered coproduct in the category of schemes. Intuitively this is gluing a collection of schemes along some collection of other schemes (possibly subschemes). We then use this to construct a scheme without closed points.
Oncotargets and Therapy Dovepress Prognostic Significance of Thymidylate Synthase in Postoperative Non-small Cell Lung Cancer Patients

The aim of the present study was to investigate the clinicopathologic/prognostic significance of thymidylate synthase (TS), orotate phosphoribosyltransferase (OPRT), and thymidine phosphorylase (TP) proteins in postoperative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Microarray slides from a set of 178 NSCLC patients were used for the detection of TS, OPRT, and TP expression by immunohistochemistry. The correlation between clinicopathologic factors and protein expression of three proteins was analyzed. Ninety seven carcinomas (57.4%) were TS-positive, 90 carcinomas (53.9%) were OPRT-positive, and 102 carcinomas (69.4%) were TP-positive. Compared with the TS-positive patients, the overall survival (OS) was significantly lower in the TS-negative patients (hazard ratio [HR] =1.766, 95% confidence interval [CI] =1.212–2.573, P=0.003). Significant differences between TS-positive and TS-negative patients was also observed in the following stratified analyses: 1) adenocarcinoma subgroup However, the OS was not significantly correlated with OPRT or TP protein expression. This study demonstrates that the TS level in tumor tissues may be a useful marker to predict the postoperative OS in NSCLC patients.
Voronoi Grid-Shell Structures

We introduce a framework for the generation of grid-shell structures that is based on Voronoi diagrams and allows us to design tessellations that achieve excellent static performances. We start from an analysis of stress on the input surface and we use the resulting tensor field to induce an anisotropic non-Euclidean metric over it. Then we compute a Centroidal Voronoi Tessellation under the same metric. The resulting mesh is hex-dominant and made of cells with a variable density, which depends on the amount of stress, and anisotropic shape, which depends on the direction of maximum stress. This mesh is further optimized taking into account symmetry and regularity of cells to improve aesthetics. We demonstrate that our grid-shells achieve better static performances with respect to quad-based grid shells, while offering an innovative and aesthetically pleasing look.
Radiative Transfer Simulations of Cosmic Reionization. I. Methodology and Initial Results

We present a new hybrid code for large-volume, high-resolution simulations of cosmic reionization, which utilizes an N-body algorithm for dark matter, physically motivated prescriptions for baryons and star formation, and an adaptive ray-tracing algorithm for radiative transfer of ionizing photons. Two test simulations, each with 3 billion particles and 400 million rays in a 50 Mpc h-1 box, have been run to give initial results. Halos are resolved down to virial temperatures of 104 K for the redshift range of interest in order to robustly model star formation and clumping factors. This is essential to correctly account for ionization and recombination processes. We find that the halos and sources are strongly biased with respect to the underlying dark matter, re-enforcing the requirement of large simulation boxes to minimize cosmic variance and to obtain a qualitatively correct picture of reionization. We model the stellar initial mass function (IMF) by following the spatially dependent gas metallicity evolution, and distinguish between the first generation, Population III (PopIII) stars and the second generation, Population II (PopII) stars. The PopIII stars with a top-heavy IMF produce an order of magnitude more ionizing photons at high redshifts z ≳ 10, resulting in a more extended reionization. In our simulations, complete overlap of H II regions occurs at z ≈ 6.5, and the computed mass- and volume-weighted residual H I fractions at 5 ≲ z ≲ 6.5 are both in good agreement with high-redshift quasar absorption measurements from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The values for the Thomson optical depth are consistent within 1 - σ of the current best-fit value from third-year Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) results.
An experimental comparison of classification algorithms for hierarchical prediction of protein function

1 Computing Laboratory and Centre for BioMedical Informatics, University of Kent, Canterbury, CT2 7NF, UK Email: {a.d.secker, a.a. freitas}@kent.ac.uk 2 Edward Jenner Institute, Compton, Newbury, Berkshire, RG20 7NN, UK Email: m.davies@mail.cryst. bbk.ac.uk, darren.flower@jenner.ac.uk 3 Departments of Computer Science and Electronics, University of York, Heslington, YO10 5DD, UK Email: {jtimmis, miguel}@cs.york. ac.uk
Evolutionary Factor Analysis of Replicated Time Series

Summary In this article, we develop a novel method that explains the dynamic structure of multi‐channel electroencephalograms (EEGs) recorded from several trials in a motor–visual task experiment. Preliminary analyses of our data suggest two statistical challenges. First, the variance at each channel and cross‐covariance between each pair of channels evolve over time. Moreover, the cross‐covariance profiles display a common structure across all pairs, and these features consistently appear across all trials. In the light of these features, we develop a novel evolutionary factor model (EFM) for multi‐channel EEG data that systematically integrates information across replicated trials and allows for smoothly time‐varying factor loadings. The individual EEGs series share common features across trials, thus, suggesting the need to pool information across trials, which motivates the use of the EFM for replicated time series. We explain the common co‐movements of EEG signals through the existence of a small number of common factors. These latent factors are primarily responsible for processing the visual–motor task which, through the loadings, drive the behavior of the signals observed at different channels. The estimation of the time‐varying loadings is based on the spectral decomposition of the estimated time‐varying covariance matrix.
PLL-Assisted Timing Circuit for Accurate TSV Leakage Binning

A cell-based phase-locked loop (PLL) can be realized automatically by a compiler to support up to 1-GHz on-chip clock signal generation. This latest design technology is poised to have an impact on the future VLSI test technology, e.g., as we will demonstrate in this paper that it is useful in the timing circuit for binning the leakage of a TSV in a 3-D IC. Unlike previous delay-line-based leakage binning circuit that could have up to 24% error due to process variation, the proposed PLL-assisted timing circuit is immune to process, voltage, and temperature (PVT) variation and thus can achieve a much higher accuracy.
A Class of Spectrum-Sensing Schemes for Cognitive Radio Under Impulsive Noise Circumstances: Structure and Performance in Nonfading and Fading Environments

In this paper, we propose a class of spectrum-sensing schemes for cognitive radio with receive diversity. By employing the generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) in the detectors on the antenna branches and exploiting a nonlinear diversity-combining strategy, the proposed scheme exhibits better performance than conventional schemes in various fading and noise environments. Exact expressions of the detection and false-alarm probabilities of the proposed scheme are derived in nonfading and Nakagami fading channels with Gaussian noise. Through computer simulations, it is confirmed that the proposed scheme provides a significant performance gain over conventional schemes in impulsive noise environments.