Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AGEING ASSESSMENT OF INSULATION PAPER WITH CONSIDERATION OF IN-SERVICE AGEING AND NATURAL ESTER APPLICATION

One of the cellulose insulation in high voltage power transformers is paper, and it is widely used in transformers due to low cost and excellent physical/electrical properties. However, the performance of paper could be affected by ageing. Ageing of paper is a complex phenomenon and can be influenced by many factors. This PhD thesis aimed to examine the ageing of paper in transformers based on Tensile Index (TI), dielectric strength and Low Molecular Weight Acid (LMA) measurements.The effect of ageing on the dielectric strength of paper was examined, through studying the influence of paper and oil ageing by-products such as LMA and HMA on the AC breakdown voltage. Meanwhile, the end of life for transmission transformer population in the UK was examined by studying the profile of LMA and TI of paper in scrapped transformers, with phase, winding, and layer locations taken into consideration. The relationship between TI, LMA and transformer age was modelled using previously published formulae in literature. The partitioning of LMA and HMA between mineral oil and paper was also investigated. Since TI is not directly measureable when a transformer is in-service, a TI prediction model was developed based on LMA measured in oil.The results indicated that there is no reduction effect of ageing (moderate towards severe) on the dielectric strength of paper, whereas the dielectric strength of paper is mainly influenced by the oil condition. LMA significantly reduces the breakdown voltage and accelerates the ageing of paper in mineral oil. The end of life based on TI is best represented by the 20 % retention of TI. Based on the case studies, the estimated end of life of transmission transformer population in the UK is around 43 years. The vertical distribution profile of LMA in paper and TI of paper along a winding is mainly influenced by vertical temperature profile. As paper ages, the amount of LMA in paper tends to increase as TI reduces. The percentage of LMA in service aged oil is about one fourth of Total Acid Number (TAN). The partition of LMA in mineral oil and paper favours its stay in paper and is heavily influenced by the weight ratio of paper and oil.The performance of the natural ester under high temperature ageing in open or sealed condition was evaluated based on TAN and viscosity measurements. The ratio of LMA and HMA in aged natural ester was examined. The effect of LMA and HMA on the AC breakdown voltage of natural ester and ageing of paper was also investigated. It was suggested that natural ester is suitable for application in hermetically sealed transformers. High temperature oxidation has significant effect on the physical and chemical properties of natural ester. Due to the polar nature of natural ester, the stay of LMA in natural ester is favoured over in paper which could be the reason why the breakdown voltage of natural ester and the ageing of paper are not significantly affected by LMA as in mineral oil.
Implementation of FIR control for H∞ output feedback stabilization of linear systems

In this paper, finite impulse response (FIR) control is addressed for H∞ output feedback stabilization of linear systems. The problem we deal with is the construction of an output feedback controller with a certain finite impulse response structure such that the resulting closed-loop system is asymptotically stable and a prescribed H∞ norm bound constraint is guaranteed. Some solvability conditions are suggested in this paper. Sufficient conditions are derived to obtain a suboptimal solution of the H∞ FIR control problem via convex optimization. Also, an equivalent condition for the existence of H∞ FIR control is presented in the set of linear matrix inequalities and a reciprocal matrices equality constraint. An effective computational algorithm involving linear matrix inequalities is suggested to solve a concave minimization problem characterizing a local optimal solution of the H∞ FIR control problem. Numerical examples demonstrate the validity of the proposed H∞ FIR control and the numerical efficiency of the proposed algorithm for FIR control.
The LSD1-Interacting Protein GILP Is a LITAF Domain Protein That Negatively Regulates Hypersensitive Cell Death in Arabidopsis

Background Hypersensitive cell death, a form of avirulent pathogen-induced programmed cell death (PCD), is one of the most efficient plant innate immunity. However, its regulatory mechanism is poorly understood. AtLSD1 is an important negative regulator of PCD and only two proteins, AtbZIP10 and AtMC1, have been reported to interact with AtLSD1. Methodology/Principal Findings To identify a novel regulator of hypersensitive cell death, we investigate the possible role of plant LITAF domain protein GILP in hypersensitive cell death. Subcellular localization analysis showed that AtGILP is localized in the plasma membrane and its plasma membrane localization is dependent on its LITAF domain. Yeast two-hybrid and pull-down assays demonstrated that AtGILP interacts with AtLSD1. Pull-down assays showed that both the N-terminal and the C-terminal domains of AtGILP are sufficient for interactions with AtLSD1 and that the N-terminal domain of AtLSD1 is involved in the interaction with AtGILP. Real-time PCR analysis showed that AtGILP expression is up-regulated by the avirulent pathogen Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 avrRpt2 (Pst avrRpt2) and fumonisin B1 (FB1) that trigger PCD. Compared with wild-type plants, transgenic plants overexpressing AtGILP exhibited significantly less cell death when inoculated with Pst avrRpt2, indicating that AtGILP negatively regulates hypersensitive cell death. Conclusions/Significance These results suggest that the LITAF domain protein AtGILP localizes in the plasma membrane, interacts with AtLSD1, and is involved in negatively regulating PCD. We propose that AtGILP functions as a membrane anchor, bringing other regulators of PCD, such as AtLSD1, to the plasma membrane. Human LITAF domain protein may be involved in the regulation of PCD, suggesting the evolutionarily conserved function of LITAF domain proteins in the regulation of PCD.
DStress: Efficient Differentially Private Computations on Distributed Data

In this paper, we present DStress, a system that can efficiently perform computations on graphs that contain confidential data. DStress assumes that the graph is physically distributed across many participants, and that each participant only knows a small subgraph; it protects privacy by enforcing tight, provable limits on how much each participant can learn about the rest of the graph. We also study one concrete instance of this problem: measuring systemic risk in financial networks. Systemic risk is the likelihood of cascading bankruptcies -- as, e.g., during the financial crisis of 2008 -- and it can be quantified based on the dependencies between financial institutions; however, the necessary data is highly sensitive and cannot be safely disclosed. We show that DStress can implement two different systemic risk models from the theoretical economics literature. Our experimental evaluation suggests that DStress can run the corresponding computations in about five hours, whereas a naïve approach could take several decades.
Altered brain mechanisms of emotion processing in pre-manifest Huntington's disease

Huntington's disease is an inherited neurodegenerative disease that causes motor, cognitive and psychiatric impairment, including an early decline in ability to recognize emotional states in others. The pathophysiology underlying the earliest manifestations of the disease is not fully understood; the objective of our study was to clarify this. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate changes in brain mechanisms of emotion recognition in pre-manifest carriers of the abnormal Huntington's disease gene (subjects with pre-manifest Huntington's disease): 16 subjects with pre-manifest Huntington's disease and 14 control subjects underwent 1.5 tesla magnetic resonance scanning while viewing pictures of facial expressions from the Ekman and Friesen series. Disgust, anger and happiness were chosen as emotions of interest. Disgust is the emotion in which recognition deficits have most commonly been detected in Huntington's disease; anger is the emotion in which impaired recognition was detected in the largest behavioural study of emotion recognition in pre-manifest Huntington's disease to date; and happiness is a positive emotion to contrast with disgust and anger. Ekman facial expressions were also used to quantify emotion recognition accuracy outside the scanner and structural magnetic resonance imaging with voxel-based morphometry was used to assess the relationship between emotion recognition accuracy and regional grey matter volume. Emotion processing in pre-manifest Huntington's disease was associated with reduced neural activity for all three emotions in partially separable functional networks. Furthermore, the Huntington's disease-associated modulation of disgust and happiness processing was negatively correlated with genetic markers of pre-manifest disease progression in distributed, largely extrastriatal networks. The modulated disgust network included insulae, cingulate cortices, pre- and postcentral gyri, precunei, cunei, bilateral putamena, right pallidum, right thalamus, cerebellum, middle frontal, middle occipital, right superior and left inferior temporal gyri, and left superior parietal lobule. The modulated happiness network included postcentral gyri, left caudate, right cingulate cortex, right superior and inferior parietal lobules, and right superior frontal, middle temporal, middle occipital and precentral gyri. These effects were not driven merely by striatal dysfunction. We did not find equivalent associations between brain structure and emotion recognition, and the pre-manifest Huntington's disease cohort did not have a behavioural deficit in out-of-scanner emotion recognition relative to controls. In addition, we found increased neural activity in the pre-manifest subjects in response to all three emotions in frontal regions, predominantly in the middle frontal gyri. Overall, these findings suggest that pathophysiological effects of Huntington's disease may precede the development of overt clinical symptoms and detectable cerebral atrophy.
Surviving Hiroshima and Nagasaki—Experiences and Psychosocial Meanings

Abstract In spite of the fact that the A-bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki occurred nearly 60 years ago, there has been very little psychosocial research on the long-term effects of these unprecedented nuclear attacks on its victims. In this qualitative study, we use psychosocial literature from the Holocaust in order to help understand the effects of this man-made tragedy. We analyzed semistructured interviews taken with 8 survivors of the bombs—5 from Nagasaki and 3 from Hiroshima. Our research questions were: When the survivors talk about their experiences, what do they focus on and with what are they preoccupied? What can we learn about the long-term effects of the experiences from both psychological and physical aspects? And, where does the A-bomb experience “fit” into the survivors' lives? Our analyses showed that there were 9 main themes that emerged from the interviews that could be grouped into two main categories—themes connected to the experience itself and themes connected to life afterward. We discuss the implications of these themes on the personal, social, and cultural levels and offer suggestions concerning ideas for dealing with the trauma.
Individual Differences in Infants' Joint Attention Behaviors With Mother and a New Social Partner.

Relations between infant-mother attachment security at 15 months and infants' (N = 206) joint attention behaviors (a) with an experimenter at 8 and 15 months, and (b) with their mothers at 15 months were investigated. No concurrent or longitudinal relations were observed between attachment security and infants' tendency to respond to an experimenter's bids for joint attention. Higher levels of initiating joint attention with an experimenter at 15 months were associated with insecure-avoidant attachment. Insecure-avoidant attachment was also associated with lower scores for initiating high-level joint attention behaviors (pointing, showing, and giving) with the mother at age 15 months. The fact that security-related differences in initiating joint attention with an experimenter were observed only once the attachment relationship was consolidated suggests that (a) attachment security may influence infants' active engagement with new social partners, and (b) insecure-avoidant infants may compensate for reduced social contact with the caregiver by initiating more interaction with other social partners.
HYDRA: Massively Compositional Model for Cross-Project Defect Prediction

Most software defect prediction approaches are trained and applied on data from the same project. However, often a new project does not have enough training data. Cross-project defect prediction, which uses data from other projects to predict defects in a particular project, provides a new perspective to defect prediction. In this work, we propose a HYbrid moDel Reconstruction Approach (HYDRA) for cross-project defect prediction, which includes two phases: genetic algorithm (GA) phase and ensemble learning (EL) phase. These two phases create a massive composition of classifiers. To examine the benefits of HYDRA, we perform experiments on 29 datasets from the PROMISE repository which contains a total of 11,196 instances (i.e., Java classes) labeled as defective or clean. We experiment with logistic regression as the underlying classification algorithm of HYDRA. We compare our approach with the most recently proposed cross-project defect prediction approaches: TCA+ by Nam et al., Peters filter by Peters et al., GP by Liu et al., MO by Canfora et al., and CODEP by Panichella et al. Our results show that HYDRA achieves an average F1-score of 0.544. On average, across the 29 datasets, these results correspond to an improvement in the F1-scores of 26.22 , 34.99, 47.43, 28.61, and 30.14 percent over TCA+, Peters filter, GP, MO, and CODEP, respectively. In addition, HYDRA on average can discover 33 percent of all bugs if developers inspect the top 20 percent lines of code, which improves the best baseline approach (TCA+) by 44.41 percent. We also find that HYDRA improves the F1-score of Zero-R which predict all the instances to be defective by 5.42 percent, but improves Zero-R by 58.65 percent when inspecting the top 20 percent lines of code. In practice, Zero-R can be hard to use since it simply predicts all of the instances to be defective, and thus developers have to inspect all of the instances to find the defective ones. Moreover, we notice the improvement of HYDRA over other baseline approaches in terms of F1-score and when inspecting the top 20 percent lines of code are substantial, and in most cases the improvements are significant and have large effect sizes across the 29 datasets.
Are the Dominant Eyes of Amblyopes Normal?

Abstract The common assumption that the dominant eyes of unilateral amblyopes are normal eyes is shown to be unjustified. The dominant eyes of unilateral amblyopes are shown to have reduced sensitivity, reduced acuity, and a horizontal eccentricity of fixation when compared to eyes of persons with normal acuity and normal binocular fixation.
Androgen ablation therapy for prostate carcinoma suppresses the immunoreactive telomerase subunit hTERT

Telomerase is a ribonucleoprotein complex that protects the ends of chromosomes from degradation. Its catalytic subunit, hTERT, controls its activity. Prior data in prostate carcinoma cases indicated that immunohistochemical hTERT reactivity increases with tumor grade and may be absent in lower grade cases. The effect of complete androgen ablation (CAA) on tumor hTERT expression was uncertain.
The Fluorescent Toolbox for Assessing Protein Location and Function

Advances in molecular biology, organic chemistry, and materials science have recently created several new classes of fluorescent probes for imaging in cell biology. Here we review the characteristic benefits and limitations of fluorescent probes to study proteins. The focus is on protein detection in live versus fixed cells: determination of protein expression, localization, activity state, and the possibility for combination of fluorescent light microscopy with electron microscopy. Small organic fluorescent dyes, nanocrystals (“quantum dots”), autofluorescent proteins, small genetic encoded tags that can be complexed with fluorochromes, and combinations of these probes are highlighted.
Enhanced Spectrum Sensing Scheme in Cognitive Radio Systems With MIMO Antennae

Cognitive radio (CR) is a promising technology for overcoming the lack of available communication bands. In CR technology, spectrum sensing is an important issue, which has recently been extensively studied. We provide a solution to the spectrum-sensing problem for multiple cognitive terminals (CTs) that takes into account the difference among CTs with respect to the probabilities of a false detection and a missed detection. We optimize the spectrum-sensing performance by differentiating the number of spectrum-sensing operations that each CT performs. This has not previously been proposed in the literature. Moreover, we use a simultaneous spectrum-sensing and data transmission scheme that utilizes multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology. As a result, the degradation of quality of service (QoS) that is caused by spectrum sensing can be reduced, and the throughput of CR systems can be increased, while maintaining the accuracy of spectrum sensing. Through performance analysis, we show that our proposed scheme can achieve the desired levels of performance with respect to the probabilities of a false detection and a missed detection and improve the performance of the CR systems with respect to throughput and delay.
Endothelial progenitor cells: a novel cell-based therapy in orthopaedic surgery.

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) can be defined as bone marrow–derived precursor cells with the ability to differentiate into endothelial cells and to participate in the formation of new blood vessels. Bone marrow is the primary source of endothelial progenitors, which can be mobilized to the peripheral circulation and may seed in remote organs and tissues such as liver, spleen, heart, muscle, and adipose tissue. EPCs have been shown to express various endothelial surface markers, such as CD34, VEGFR2, and CD133, and to home to sites of ischemia (Figure 1). Vascular ingrowth at the fracture site has a cardinal role in the healing process and regeneration of the bone following fracture. However, segmental bone defects after severe trauma, infection, and surgical removal of tumors remain a major clinical problem. These facts, together with reports documenting the remarkable therapeutic potential of EPCs to improve neovascularization and tissue perfusion in other disciplines, have been the major drivers recently to investigate the effects of EPC therapy on fracture healing. Matsumoto et al investigated the therapeutic potential of systemically administered CD34+ cells on fracture healing in a rodent model. The authors transplanted human peripheral blood CD34+ cells, mononuclear cells, or saline into immunodeficient rats with a nonhealing femoral fracture. Fracture healing was significantly enhanced in the CD34+ group compared with the mononuclear cell and saline groups. Laser Doppler imaging demonstrated that fracture-induced ischemia was significantly reduced in the CD34+ cell–transplanted group compared with the other groups. The authors also noted that approximately 20% of human peripheral blood CD34+ cells expressed mRNA for osteocalcin after transplantation to a fracture site; this outcome may indicate the potential of CD34+ cells for osteogenic and endothelial differentiation. Atesok et al evaluated the effects of the local use of ex vivo–expanded EPCs on the stimulation of angiogenesis and the promotion of bone healing at a fracture site in a rat femur osteotomy model. Based on the results of radiographic, histologic, and micro-CT comparisons of the EPC-treated group with a control group, the authors stated that “local EPC therapy significantly enhanced bone regeneration in a segmental bone defect in rat femur. ” In a similar study, the same research group reported that local EPC therapy favorably affects biomechanical stability. Recent reports also suggest that EPCs derived from peripheral blood contribute to osteogenic differentiation by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro and that MSCs support the proliferation of EPCs. Aguirre et al investigated the interactions between bone marrow EPCs (BM-EPCs) and MSCs in an in vitro co-culture system. Their data suggested that cross-talk occurs between BM-EPCs and MSCs through paracrine and direct cell contact mechanisms, leading to Kivanc Atesok, MD, MSc
PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND RHEOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF “DULCE DE LECHE”

ABSTRACT Physicochemical and rheological characterization of “dulce de leche,” a milk-based sauce especially popular in South America, was carried out on different types of commercial products (traditional, confectionery, reduced calories or reduced fat). Proximal composition, solid content, water activity, pH and color (Minolta Co., Ramsey, NJ) were evaluated. A controlled stress rheometer (Haake RS600; ThermoGap, Karlsruhe, Germany) was used to perform flow curves, dynamic oscillatory test in the linear viscoelastic range and creep-recovery experiments. Although in all samples, η decreased with increasing γ′, corresponding to shear-thinning behavior, clear differences were found in the rheological characteristics of different types of products. Experimental dynamic data were successfully modeled using the Baumgartel–Schausberger–Winter equation to predict the mechanical relaxation spectrum. Satisfactory prediction of other mechanical properties was validated using creep experiments. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS In spite of the differences in composition and rheological behavior of the several types of “dulce de leche” studied, it was possible to analyze the rheological characteristics of all systems and model the obtained results using the broadened Baumgartel–Schausberger–Winter (BSW) model as a representation of the relaxation spectra to convert dynamic data into time domain. The parameters of the BSW model were used to explain structural characteristics of the systems; thus, the overall microstructural pattern of “dulce de leche” might be similar, and the differences observed would be mainly explained by the level of interactions among macromolecular components. Using the discrete spectrum obtained from the BSW model, it was possible to calculate other viscoelastic properties of interest; thus, the proposed methodology is a useful tool, especially for establishing a rheological data bank and analyzing viscoelastic experiments of this type of product.