Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Home-based disease management program to improve psychological status in patients with heart failure in Japan.

BACKGROUND A disease management program can reduce mortality and rehospitalization of patients with heart failure (HF), but little is known about whether it can improve psychological status. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of home-based disease management on the psychological status of patients with HF. METHODS AND RESULTS We randomly assigned patients hospitalized for HF to undergo either home-based disease management (n=79) or usual care (n=82). The mean age of the study patients was 76 years, 30% were female, and 93% were in NYHA class I or II. Home-based disease management was delivered by nurses via home visit and telephone follow-up to monitor symptoms and body weight and to educate patients. The primary endpoint was psychological status, including depression and anxiety assessed by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale during follow-up of 1 year. Secondary endpoints included quality of life, all-cause death and hospitalization for HF. The intervention group had significantly lower depression (P=0.043) and anxiety (P=0.029) scores than the usual-care group. There were no significant differences in all-cause death [hazard ratio (HR) 1.02, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.37-2.61, P=0.967]. However, hospitalization for HF was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the usual-care group (HR 0.52, 95% CI 0.27-0.96, P=0.037). CONCLUSIONS Home-based disease management improved psychological status and also reduced rehospitalization for HF in patients with HF.
Size of government and FDI: an empirical analysis based on the panel data of 81 countries

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is research the relationship between size of government and FDI inflows of the host country, and provide a strategies.Design/methodology/approach – Adopting the fixed effect model of panel data, this paper uses related observations from 81 countries between 2002 and 2006 to analyze the impacts of government size (measured by score of government size) on FDI inflows.Findings – The results show that the enlargement of government size has a positive effect on FDI inflows, and the effect is much more significant in developing countries.Originality/value – There is no previous research concerning the impacts of size of government on FDI inflows. Through the investigation, the paper finds the relation between government size and FDI inflows and provides much valuable information.
Household Life-Cycle Effects on Consumer Wealth and Well-Being for the Recently Retired

The present research tests a series of predicted relationships regarding the e fects of household life-cycle variables, as well as other important consumer characteristics, on both wealth and perceived well-being among retired households. Toward that objective, separate samples of retired married households (n = 1,938) and retired single-person households (n = 855) from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) of the University of Michigan were analyzed in an investigation of the e fects of household marital and parenthood characteristics on both accumulated wealth and perceived well-being. After controlling for education, race, gender, and health e fects, the results demonstrate significant life-cycle e fects of marital status and number of children on consumer wealth. In addition, wealth at retirement age is found to be a significant predictor of overall well-being. The implications of these findings, as well as a series of suggestions for future research regarding the study of important changes in life-cycle circumstances, are discussed.
Do green supply chains lead to competitiveness and economic performance

Purpose – Green supply chain management is a concept that is gaining popularity in the South East Asian region. For many organizations in this region it is a way to demonstrate their sincere commitment to sustainability. However, if green supply chain management practices are to be fully adopted by all organizations in South East Asia, a demonstrable link between such measures and improving economic performance and competitiveness is necessary. This paper endeavors to identify potential linkages between green supply chain management, as an initiative for environmental enhancement, economic performance and competitiveness amongst a sample of companies in South East Asia.Design/methodology/approach – For this purpose a conceptual model was developed from literature sources and data collected using a structured questionnaire mailed to a sample of leading edge ISO14001 certified companies in South East Asia followed by structural equation modelling.Findings – The analysis identified that greening the differen.
Decision making and uncertainty: The role of heuristics and experience in assessing a politically hazardous environment

Heuristics have long been associated with problems of bias and framing error, often on the basis of simulation and laboratory studies. In this field study of a high-stakes strategic decision, we explore an alternative view that heuristics may serve as powerful cognitive tools that enable, rather than limit, decision making in dynamic and uncertain environments. We examine the cognitive efforts of senior decision makers of an inexperienced multinational, as they assessed a potential acquisition in a politically hazardous African country. They applied a diversity of heuristics, some with clear building block rules, to build small world representations of this very uncertain strategic context. More expert individuals drew on experiential learning to build richer representations of the political hazard environment
IPO Listings: Where and Why?

"According to most research, firms benefit from being listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE). Nevertheless, 224 of 640 firms that went public from 1993 through 2000 and were eligible for a NYSE listing chose to list their stock on Nasdaq. We hypothesize that this choice may be related to Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) Rule 144. The rule regulates the sale of restricted stock by limiting the amount of unregistered stock that can be sold by an individual. We investigate the determinants of post-IPO sales of restricted stock, examine IPO firms' listing choices, and find evidence consistent with firms selecting Nasdaq to reduce the effect of the limits on selling restricted stock imposed by the SEC's Rule 144. Venture capitalists play an important role in this listing decision. " Copyright 2008 Financial Management Association International.
Marine Reserves: What Would They Accomplish?

A marine reserve is defined as a subset of the area over which a fish stock is dispersed and closed to fishing. This paper investigates what will happen to fishing outside the marine reserve and to the stock size in the entire area as a result of establishing a marine reserve. Three regimes are compared: (i) open access to the entire area, (ii) open access to the area outside the marine reserve, and (iii) optimum fishing in the entire area. Two models are used: (i) a continuous-time model, and (ii) a discrete-time model, both using the logistic growth equation. Both models are deterministic equilibrium models. The conservation effect of a marine reserve is shown to be critically dependent on the size of the marine reserve and the migration rate of fish. A marine reserve will increase fishing costs and overcapitalization in the fishing industry, to the extent that it has any conservation effect on the stock, and in a seasonal fishery it will shorten the fishing season. For stocks with moderate to high migration rates, a marine reserve of a moderate size will have only a small conservation effect, compared with open access to the entire area inhabited by a stock. The higher the migration rate offish, the larger the marine reserve must be in order to achieve a given level of stock conservation. A marine reserve of an appropriate size would achieve the same conservation effect as optimum fishing, but with a smaller catch.
Expression from the herpes simplex virus type 1 latency-associated promoter in the murine central nervous system.

Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) establishes latency in neurones of both the central (CNS) and peripheral nervous system and can be used to drive long-term expression of the lacZ reporter gene by insertion of an encephalomyocarditis virus IRES-linked gene 1.5 kb downstream of the latency-associated transcript (LAT) start site. However, the kinetics of LAT promoter (LAP) activity, and its ability to function in all neuronal types within the CNS has not been studied in detail. In order to address these issues, mice were infected via the ear pinna with 2x10(6) p.f. u. of either SC16-LbetaA, which contains an IRES-linked lacZ under the control of LAP, or SC16-C3b, which expresses LacZ under the control of the human cytomegalovirus immediate early (HCMV-IE) promoter. Three to five animals from each group were sampled over a time-course from 5 days to 1 year post-infection (p.i.), and brainstem and spinal cord sections were examined histochemically for LacZ expression. We found that HCMV-IE promoter activity could be detected within distinct CNS regions from 5 to 15 days p.i. In contrast, LAP-driven LacZ expression was first detected at 7 days p.i. and persisted for at least 1 year. At times up to 34 days p.i. , LAP activity was seen in similar regions of the CNS as those which were positive for HCMV-IE promoter activity during the acute stage of infection. After 34 days, however, the numbers of cells in which the LAP was active decreased and labelled motorneurones were predominantly detected in the facial and hypoglossal nuclei and occasionally also in the ventral spinal cord. These results suggest that following the establishment of latency in the CNS, the efficiency of long-term LAP-mediated gene expression may be influenced by the neuronal cell type in which latency is established.
Beyond Business-IT Alignment - Digital Business Strategies as a Paradigmatic Shift: A Review and Research Agenda

Since the 1990s, business-IT alignment has been considered the appropriate organizational frame for business and IT strategies. Thereafter, with the rising importance of innovative digital technologies for performance and competitiveness, the concept of digital business strategies (DBS) emerged. The fusion of business and IT strategies is presumed to account for the inevitable transformations that digital technologies triggered. This paradigmatic shift poses new challenges to practitioners and researchers, as current assumptions regarding strategizing processes need to be questioned. This study sets out to provide a structured clarification of the current digital business strategies knowledge base. It provides a threefold contribution by: 1) structuring the research efforts on digital business strategies, 2) uncovering knowledge gaps and 3) developing an agenda for future research.
A Three‐Country Comparison of the Business Success versus Failure Prediction Model

Why do some businesses succeed and others end up bankrupt? There is great discrepancy in the literature as to which variables do in fact lead to success, thus, there currently is no theory. To move the field in that direction, this study tests the Lussier 15‐variable business success versus failure prediction model in Chile with a sample of 234 small businesses—131 failed and 103 successful. Results support the model's validity in Chile. Thus, the model has been tested with significant results in three very different parts of the world; first in United States (North America), then in Croatia (Central Eastern Europe), and now in Chile (South America). The model will reliably predict a group of businesses as failed or successful more accurately than random guessing in all three countries over 96 percent of the time.
Disaster preparedness of Canadian trauma centres: the perspective of medical directors of trauma.

BACKGROUND Owing to their constant readiness to treat injured patients, trauma centres are essential to regional responses to mass casualty incidents (MCIs). Reviews of recent MCIs suggest that trauma centre preparedness has frequently been limited. We set out to evaluate Canadian trauma centre preparedness and the extent of their integration into a regional response to MCIs. METHODS We conducted a survey of Canadian level-1 trauma centres (n = 29) to characterize their existing disaster-response plans and to identify areas where preparedness could be improved. The survey was directed to the medical director of trauma at each centre. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze responses. RESULTS Twenty-three (79%) trauma centres in 5 provinces responded. Whereas most (83%) reported the presence of a committee dedicated to disaster preparedness, only half of the medical directors of trauma were members of these committees. Almost half (43%) the institutions had not run any disaster drill in the previous 2 years. Only 70% of trauma centres used communications assets designed to function during MCIs. Additionally, more than half of the trauma directors (59%) did not know if their institutions had the ability to sustain operations for at least 72 hours during MCIs. CONCLUSION The results of this study suggest important opportunities to better prepare Canadian trauma centers to respond to an MCI. The main areas identified for potential improvement include the need for the standardization of MCI planning and response at a regional level and the implementation of strategies such as stockpiling of resources and novel communication strategies to avoid functional collapse during an MCI.
Disseminated intravascular coagulation.

BACKGROUND Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is a complex systemic thrombohaemorrhagic disorder characterised by widespread endothelial damage. Aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of DIC in different obstetrical conditions. METHODS This descriptive study was carried out in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Unit 'A', Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad from January 2010 to December 2011. All 40 diagnosed cases of DIC were included, and their risk factors and maternal/foetal outcome were evaluated. RESULTS Out of 4,334 obstetrical admissions, DIC was diagnosed in 40 (0.92%) patients. Risk factors noted were eclampsia 28 (70%), abruptio placentae 7 (17.5%), septicaemia 3 (7.5%), pancytopenia 1 (2.5%), and 1 (2.5%) patient had DIC secondary to haemorrhagic shock due to placenta previa. Mean age range of patients was 31 +/- 6.69 (19-48) year, and parity was 3.17 +/- 2.56 (0-10). Mode of delivery of 34 (85%) patients was by caesarean section, and vaginal delivery occurred in 3 (7.5%) patients. Eleven (27.5%) patients had caesarean hysterectomy. Maternal mortality was 25% and perinatal mortality was (47.5%). Majority of our patients were critical and were managed in ICU. CONCLUSION DIC is serious life threatening condition secondary to any underlying pathology. There is spontaneous resolution of DIC after correction of pathology.
Factors Associated With Premature Exits From Supported Housing.

OBJECTIVE Many homeless consumers who enroll in supported housing programs--which offer subsidized housing and supportive services--disengage prematurely, before placement in permanent community-based housing. This study explored factors associated with exiting a supported housing program before achieving housing placement. METHODS With the use of administrative data, a roster was obtained for consumers enrolled in the Veterans Affairs (VA) Greater Los Angeles supported housing program from 2011 to 2012. Fewer (4%) consumers exited this program before achieving housing ("exiters") compared with consumers described in national VA figures (18%). Exiters with available demographic data (N=51) were matched 1:1 on age, gender, marital status, and race-ethnicity with consumers housed through this program ("stayers," N=51). Medical records were reviewed to compare diagnoses, health care utilization, housing histories, vocational history, and criminal justice involvement of exiters versus stayers. Exiters' housing outcomes were identified. Recursive partitioning identified variables that best differentiated exiters from stayers. RESULTS Several factors were associated with premature exits from this supported housing program: residing in temporary housing on hospital grounds during program enrollment, poor adherence to outpatient care, substance use disorders, hepatitis C, chronic pain, justice involvement, frequent emergency department utilization, and medical-surgical admissions. The first of these factors and poor adherence to outpatient medical-surgical care best differentiated exiters from stayers. Moreover, >50% of exiters became street homeless or incarcerated after leaving the program. CONCLUSIONS In that diverse social factors, diagnoses, and health care utilization patterns were associated with premature disengagement from supported housing, future research is needed to implement and evaluate rehabilitative services that address these factors, adapted to the context of supported housing.
Noise-Driven Heterogeneity in the Rate of Genetic-Variant Generation as a Basis for Evolvability

Molecular biologists have long searched for molecular mechanisms responsible for tuning the rate of genetic-variant generation (RGVG) in fluctuating environments. In spite of several bacterial examples, no regulated variation in the RGVG has been identified in eukaryotic systems. Based notably on the example of industrial and pathogenic yeasts, this article proposes a nonregulated molecular evolutionary mechanism for the appearance of the transient increase of the RGVG in eukaryotic cell populations facing challenging environments. The stochastic nature of gene expression allows a model in which the RGVG in the population can be rapidly tuned as a result of a simple Darwinian process acting on noise-driven heterogeneity in the RGVG from cell to cell. The high flexibility conferred through this model could resolve paradoxical situations, especially concerning the mutator phenotype in cancer cells.
Futures Price Variability: A Test of Maturity and Volume Effects

A number of previous studies have examined the contemporaneous relation between asset price variability and volume traded. For example, Clark (1973), Cornell (1981), and Tauchen and Pitts (1983) have investigated this relation for futures markets and Epps and Epps (1976), Harris (1984a, 1984b), and Smirlock and Starks (1984) for the stock market. Underlying this empirical research is a theoretical framework that suggests that price variability (or the absolute change in prices) and volume traded should be positively correlated. According to this theoretical framework, the so-called mixture of distributions hypothesis (MDH),1 the correlation between price variability and volume should be positive because of joint dependence on a common directing variable or event. This study uses contract disaggregated data on futures prices to obtain evidence on the relation between price variability and volume of trading. Strong positive contemporaneous correlations between trading volume and price volatility are documented consistent with the mixture of distributions hypothesis. It is concluded that maturity is not a suitable surrogate for the common directing variable. Specifically, while maturity has a strong effect on volume, no such relation is found for price variability. Finally, while in the majority of cases price variability and trading volume are contemporaneously correlated, there are a significant number of cases in which a sequential relation appears to be present. * An earlier version of this paper was presented at the 1984 meeting of the European Finance Association in Manchester, England, and at Southern Methodist University, the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Duke University, McGill University, and the University of Toronto. We wish to thank the seminar participants and an anonymous referee from this Journal for constructive comments and criticism. All remaining errors are, of course, our responsibility. We would also like to thank the Columbia Center for the Study of Futures Markets and the Interactive Data Corp. for providing some of the data used in the study. 1. See Clark 1973; and Harris 1984a, 1984b.
The fundamentals of performance measurement systems: A systematic approach to theory and a research agenda

Purpose - – The purpose of this paper is to identify the fundamentals of a performance measurement system (PMS) as discussed in the literature for the past 32 years in an attempt to provide a research agenda (RA) for future research. Design/methodology/approach - – The paper uses a systematic review of the business, public and non-profit sector literature in examining what constitutes the fundamentals of PMS, and how these fundamentals have influenced the use of data (especially on non-financial data), development of measuring methods, measuring attributes and measuring process. Findings - – The paper finds that there are a small number of articles providing that can be considered to have provided substantial discussion of the fundamentals of PMS. While there is no consensus on what constitute the fundamentals of PMS, using content analysis, citation analysis and on the strict criteria of necessary and/or sufficient for the existence of a PMS, this paper managed to characterize the fundamentals into six categories. This paper found that the field of PMS has not change much during the past 30 or more years, and there remains various pragmatic and research gaps that need to be addressed. Practical implications - – The results, outcomes, and analysis of this paper have both practical and academic implications. The gaps and recommendations for future research is consolidated into a RA that provides practitioners to evaluate existing PMS, avoid issues and seek ways to develop a conceptual (theoretical) PMS that is of greater practical significance. Originality/value - – The results of this study contribute toward providing an update of the current state of development and research into PMS; and managed to identify existing practical issues and research gaps of PMS, and provided a RA on which ongoing and future research efforts on this topic can be built upon.