Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The limits of discourse: Masculinity as vulnerability

abstract For many, gender equity – being fair to women and men – is a zero sum game in which men should be willing to give up their privileges for the creation of a more equitable and just society. The idea that men might benefit from gender equity seems, for many, unthinkable. This was brought home a few years ago in a gender studies test, when students answering a question on what men might gain from gender equality explained instead how women would benefit. In this Perspective I reflect on the ways in which popular discourses around gender may inadvertently undermine movement towards gender and social justice. Dismissing my students' answers as the result of poor teaching or learning misses a key point: It seems to be extraordinarily difficult for most people to recognise how gender creates masculine vulnerabilities or how gender equity could benefit men. I suggest that if we are to improve women's lives through the reduction of violence, feminist teachers and activists need to think creatively about how to help men and boys understand that performances of masculinity deeply compromise their own lives.
Registration of ‘Ambassador’ Wheat

Ambassador' (Reg. No. CV-1048, PI 656845) soft white winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) was developed by the Michigan Agricultural Experiment Station and released in 2007 via an exclusive licensing agreement through Michigan State University (MSU) Technologies. Ambassador was selected from the cross Pioneer '2737W'/D1148 made in 1994 at MSU. The objective of the cross was to create a high-yielding soft white winter wheat variety adapted to Michigan and the surrounding region with good agronomic performance and acceptable quality. Soft white winter wheat is used in many wheat-related industries and is a large portion of the wheat market in Michigan. Ambassador is an F 7 derived line, with the original experimental number E0028. In addition to the standard yield-test criteria, milling and baking performances were also considered for selection. Ambassador was released because of its excellent grain yield, fl our yield, and good winterhardiness. Its primary weaknesses include low test weight and high susceptibility to Fusarium head blight (caused by Fusarium graminearum Schwabe) and associated deoxynivalenol accumulation. Ambassador is well adapted to Michigan and Ontario, Canada and has also produced high yields throughout the region. The name was chosen because Ambassador's performance excels in both the United States (Michigan) and Canada (Ontario), bringing together white- wheat growers on both sides of the border.
Apego en la adolescencia

The use of attachment theory to understand some of the changes that occur during adolescence is becoming increasingly common. In this paper we analyze in the light of this theory the changes that take place after puberty in the adolescent’s relationships with parents and peers, and the emergence of romantic relationships. The different patterns of attachment constructed in early childhood will be predict a lot about how these relational processes develop.Thus, the empirical evidence reviewed indicates that boys and girls with secure models best resolved the task of getting emotional autonomy from their parents and also show a better competence for friendly and romantic relationships. By contrast, reoccupied/ambivalent and dismissing/avoidant adolescents not only present more difficulties in relationships, but also may have an increased emotional and behavioral maladjustment. Many of the problems with these subjects are related to unsafe limitations in emotional regulation capacity is strongly influenced by the security of attachment established in childhood.
Atribución del comportamiento del agresor y consejo a la víctima en un caso de violencia doméstica

Resumen Numerosa investigación ha mostrado que niveles altos de dependencia económica de la mujer predicen la probabilidad de poder sufrir maltrato psicológico o físico por parte de su pareja. Sobre esta base, uno de los objetivos de nuestra investigación fue examinar el rol de la dependencia económica en la percepción de violencia de género y verificar si las actitudes hacia una situación de violencia pueden verse afectadas por el género del observador. La investigación psicosocial también ha confirmado la existencia de creencias sexistas en la sociedad que pueden ser utilizadas para legitimar y mantener este tipo de agresión. Así, el segundo objetivo de la presente investigación consistió en analizar la relación entre las creencias sexistas y la justificación de la violencia doméstica. Los resultados muestran la influencia tanto del género del observador, de la dependencia económica de la mujer víctima, así como de las creencias sexistas en las reacciones hacia la violencia doméstica.
Ought Low Alcohol Intake to be Promoted for Health Reasons?

There is increasingly widespread acceptance that alcohol taken in moderation by the population aged 35 years or older reduces the risks of ischaemic heart disease and all-cause mortality. Ten causal criteria are used to evaluate the scientific evidence for a protective effect of low alcohol intake on ischaemic heart disease. Inferences for public policy are then assessed using the principles of beneficence, non-maleficence, justice and autonomy to support a framework of nine ethical considerations: intervention versus causation; effect modification by gender, smoking, biogenetic and other factors; inappropriate adoption of recommendations; competing hazards between atherosclerotic disease and cancer; opportunity cost; equity of access; the value system used to judge outcomes; the degree of social influence warranted; and consent and responsibility. We conclude that in the absence of more adequate scientific knowledge and informed community debate it is unethical to promote low alcohol intake as a preventive health measure.
A Measurement Study on the Topologies of BitTorrent Networks

BitTorrent (BT) is a widely-used peer-to-peer (P2P) application. Most of BT's characteristics (except the topology) have been studied extensively by measurement approaches. In this paper, we deploy a measurement system to examine some performance-related topology properties of BT. Our goal is to provide a measurement view of the real-world BT topologies and to verify the previous estimations via simulations and real-world experiments. We observe that at the steady stage, a BT topology has short distances and low clustering coefficients, and its degree-frequency exhibits a Gaussian-like distribution. These indicate that a BT network is very close to a random network rather than a scale-free network or a small world. The proportion of peers with large download percentages is very high at the steady stage, showing that the swarm is robust from the resource perspective. We also find out that most high-degree peers have a very fast download speed. However, the low Spearman's rank correlation coefficient indicates that there is no strong correlation between the peer connection degree and the download speed. Different from previous results, we find that the diameter of a BT network at the initial stage is small even when 95% of peers use the peer exchange extension.
STIR: software for tomographic image reconstruction release 2

We present a new version of STIR (Software for Tomographic Image Reconstruction), an open source object-oriented library implemented in C++ for 3D positron emission tomography reconstruction. This library has been designed such that it can be used for many algorithms and scanner geometries, while being portable to various computing platforms. This second release enhances its flexibility and modular design and includes additional features such as Compton scatter simulation, an additional iterative reconstruction algorithm and parametric image reconstruction (both indirect and direct). We discuss the new features in this release and present example results. STIR can be downloaded from http://stir.sourceforge. net.
Developing a community‐based maternal obesity intervention: a qualitative study of service providers’ views

Please cite this paper as: Oteng‐Ntim E, Pheasant H, Khazaezadeh N, Mohidden A, Bewley S, Wong J, Oke B. Developing a community‐based maternal obesity intervention: a qualitative study of service providers’ views. BJOG 2010;117:1651–1655.
Multimodality image-guided epilepsy surgery

Co-registration of imaging modalities in the diagnosis of epilepsy is now commonly used in major epilepsy centres. However, the incorporation of these registrations into an image-guided system has only recently been developed. Using techniques of segmentation, surface matching and/or voxel-based matching, we have been able to co-register FLAIR MRI, SPECT, PET, and subdural grids into the 3-D space of the volumetric MRI and use these images on the StealthStation Image-Guided System to resect these foci. This greatly aids the surgeon in performing a more precise tailoring of the cortical resection so as to maximize the excision of the epileptogenic zone while minimizing the impact on eloquent cortex and epileptogenic foci.
Conotoxin Gene Superfamilies

Conotoxins are the peptidic components of the venoms of marine cone snails (genus Conus). They are remarkably diverse in terms of structure and function. Unique potency and selectivity profiles for a range of neuronal targets have made several conotoxins valuable as research tools, drug leads and even therapeutics, and has resulted in a concerted and increasing drive to identify and characterise new conotoxins. Conotoxins are translated from mRNA as peptide precursors, and cDNA sequencing is now the primary method for identification of new conotoxin sequences. As a result, gene superfamily, a classification based on precursor signal peptide identity, has become the most convenient method of conotoxin classification. Here we review each of the described conotoxin gene superfamilies, with a focus on the structural and functional diversity present in each. This review is intended to serve as a practical guide to conotoxin superfamilies and to facilitate interpretation of the increasing number of conotoxin precursor sequences being identified by targeted-cDNA sequencing and more recently high-throughput transcriptome sequencing.
MOTIVAÇÃO DE ESTUDANTES: UM ESTUDO COM CRIANÇAS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL

This study pursued to investigate the academic motivational orientations among children in elementary school in the 3rd. Grade (36%), 4th. grade (19,1%) and 5th. Grade (44,9%) enrolled in six schools in Brazil. Participants consisted of 617 boys and girls, ages 7 to 13 years, who were 9 years old (SD = 1,112) in average, from which 326 (52,8%) were girls and 291 (47,2%) were boys. The participants were asked to answer according to the Scale of Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Motivation, that measures the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and consists of 20 questions, 10 of them referring to intrinsic and 10 to extrinsic motivation. The participants were asked to mark down the frequency of each assertive in the 3-point scale with the likert format. The total possible score was 20 points in the intrinsic motivation scale and 20 in the extrinsic one. Significant differences involving the intrinsic motivation (F = 5,775 p =0,003) and the extrinsic motivation (F = 24,927 p < 0,001) and the general motivation ( F= 33,336 p < 0,001) were found among the grades. The results showed that, in general, the participants of the third year had higher scores on motivation when compared to students in forth and fifth grade
Zoledronic acid affects over-angiogenic phenotype of endothelial cells in patients with multiple myeloma

Therapeutic doses of zoledronic acid markedly inhibit in vitro proliferation, chemotaxis, and capillarogenesis of bone marrow endothelial cells of patients with multiple myeloma. Zoledronic acid also induces a sizeable reduction of angiogenesis in the in vivo chorioallantoic membrane assay. These effects are partly sustained by gene and protein inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 in an autocrine loop. Mevastatin, a specific inhibitor of the mevalonate pathway, reverts the zoledronic acid antiangiogenic effect, indicating that the drug halts this pathway. Our results provide evidence of a direct antiangiogenic activity of zoledronic acid on multiple myeloma patient-derived endothelial cells due to at least four different mechanisms identified either in vitro or in vivo. Tentatively, we suggest that the zoledronic acid antitumoral activity in multiple myeloma is also sustained by antiangiogenesis, which would partly account for its therapeutic efficacy in multiple myeloma. [Mol Cancer Ther 2007;6(12):3256–62]
Effects of Context on a Visual 3-D Pointing Task

We examined the effects of egocentric and contextual references on a 3-D exocentric pointing task. Large systematic deviations were found for the slant (angle in the horizontal plane). For most observers, the deviations were smaller when the veridical pointing direction was parallel to a wall. For some observers the size of the deviations was also dependent on whether the veridical pointing direction was frontoparallel or not. For the tilt (angle in the vertical plane), the deviations were smaller and less systematic. Hence, although observers show comparable systematic deviations, the way in which the presence of structure in an environment is used for judging positions of objects is observer-dependent.
Two Approaches to Obtain the Strong Converse Exponent of Quantum Hypothesis Testing for General Sequences of Quantum States

We present two general approaches to obtain the strong converse exponent of simple quantum hypothesis testing for correlated quantum states. One approach requires that the states satisfy a certain factorization property; typical examples of such states are the temperature states of translation-invariant finite-range interactions on a spin chain. The other approach requires the differentiability of a regularized Rényi α-divergence in the parameter α; typical examples of such states include temperature states of non-interacting fermionic lattice systems, and classical irreducible Markov chains. In all cases, we get that the strong converse exponent is equal to the Hoeffding antidivergence, which in turn is obtained from the regularized Rényi divergences of the two states.
Sampling Strategy and Potential Utility of Indels for DNA Barcoding of Closely Related Plant Species: A Case Study in Taxus

Although DNA barcoding has become a useful tool for species identification and biodiversity surveys in plant sciences, there remains little consensus concerning appropriate sampling strategies and the treatment of indels. To address these two issues, we sampled 39 populations for nine Taxus species across their entire ranges, with two to three individuals per population randomly sampled. We sequenced one core DNA barcode (matK) and three supplementary regions (trnH-psbA, trnL-trnF and ITS) for all samples to test the effects of sampling design and the utility of indels. Our results suggested that increasing sampling within-population did not change the clustering of individuals, and that meant within-population P-distances were zero for most populations in all regions. Based on the markers tested here, comparison of methods either including or excluding indels indicated that discrimination and nodal support of monophyletic groups were significantly increased when indels were included. Thus we concluded that one individual per population was adequate to represent the within-population variation in these species for DNA barcoding, and that intra-specific sampling was best focused on representing the entire ranges of certain taxa. We also found that indels occurring in the chloroplast trnL-trnF and trnH-psbA regions were informative to differentiate among for closely related taxa barcoding, and we proposed that indel-coding methods should be considered for use in future for closed related plant species DNA barcoding projects on or below generic level.
Proteomic analysis of inflammatory biomarkers in bronchoalveolar lavage

To assess markers of lung inflammation, we used SELDI‐TOF and 2‐DE to study changes in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) protein in 33 subjects challenged with local bronchial lung endotoxin and saline and in 11 patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Differences in the SELDI‐TOF spectra were assessed by t‐test after baseline subtraction, normalization to total ion current and alignment by m/z calibration. The temporal changes in acute inflammatory BAL (6, 24 and 48 h following endotoxin challenge) on hydrophobic binding chip surfaces revealed the differential presence of proteins of 9, 14, 18 and 28 kDa (all p <0.001) in the inflammatory BAL. This differential pattern was also found in the ARDS BAL. Principal component analysis of the entire SELDI‐TOF spectra separated normal BAL, experimental and clinical lung inflammation supporting the notion of a distinctive protein pattern associated with acute lung inflammation. An analysis of the hydrophobic fraction of the inflammatory BAL using 2‐DE, identified increased levels of apolipoprotein A1, and S100 calcium‐binding proteins A8 and A9 in the inflammatory BAL. This pattern was also found in ARDS BAL after immunoblot analysis. These approaches will be useful to improve current methods of monitoring lung inflammation and to identify new therapeutic targets.
From pregnancy to parenthood: A study of couples' relationship.

The relationship between 60 first time parents-to-be were studied during pregnancy and when the child was 1 year old in order to find out if, and then in what way the relationship changes during transition to parenthood. Although the relationship was rated as highly harmonious by both women and men during the pregnancy, a significant decline in marital satisfaction was noted when the child was 1 year old. The men experienced an impairment what concerned financial matters, leisure activities, and relations to family and friends. Both women and men experienced an impairment what concerned closeness and sexuality, and a change in opinion about children and parenthood. The women scored, in opposite to the men, higher on conception of life at both study occasions, although they scored lower at the follow-up, The lowest agreement among the couples concerned leisure activities, and it was in this area together with opinion about children and parenthood and conception of life that the agreement had decreased most at the second study occasion.The family climate had changed in direction towards an increased experience of distance according to both women and men, and the men also experienced a decrease in closeness, If the decision to have a baby not had been a joint decision, or if one of the spouses ealier had thought of a separation, there was a lower marital satisfaction at both study occasions.
Training Sequence Design for Efficient Channel Estimation in MIMO-FBMC Systems

This paper is focused on training sequence design for efficient channel estimation in multiple-input multiple-output filterbank multicarrier (MIMO-FBMC) communications using offset quadrature amplitude modulation (OQAM). MIMO-FBMC is a promising technique to achieve high spectrum efficiency as well as strong robustness against dispersive channels due to its feature of time-frequency localization. A salient drawback of FBMC/OQAM signals is that only real-field orthogonality can be kept, leading to the intrinsic imaginary interference being a barrier for high-performance channel estimations. Also, conventional channel estimations in the MIMO-FBMC systems mostly suffer from high training overhead especially for large number of transmit antennas. Motivated by these problems, in this paper, we propose a new class of training sequences, which are formed by concatenation of two identical zero-correlation zone sequences whose auto-correlation and cross correlation are zero within a time-shift window around the in-phase position. Since only real-valued symbols can be transmitted in MIMO-FBMC systems, we propose “complex training sequence decomposition (CTSD)” to facilitate the reconstruction of the complex-field orthogonality of MIMO-FBMC signals. Our simulations validate that the proposed CTSD is an efficient channel estimation approach for practical preamble-based MIMO-FBMC systems.
Binary Partitioning, Perceptual Grouping, and Restoration with Semidefinite Programming

We introduce a novel optimization method based on semidefinite programming relaxations to the field of computer vision and apply it to the combinatorial problem of minimizing quadratic functionals in binary decision variables subject to linear constraints. The approach is (tuning) parameter-free and computes high-quality combinatorial solutions using interior-point methods (convex programming) and a randomized hyperplane technique. Apart from a symmetry condition, no assumptions (such as metric pairwise interactions) are made with respect to the objective criterion. As a consequence, the approach can be applied to a wide range of problems. Applications to unsupervised partitioning, figure-ground discrimination, and binary restoration are presented along with extensive ground-truth experiments. From the viewpoint of relaxation of the underlying combinatorial problem, we show the superiority of our approach to relaxations based on spectral graph theory and prove performance bounds.
Posttreatment of Olive Mill Wastewater by Immobilized TiO2 Photocatalysis

A photocatalytic reactor with UV/TiO2 was used for the posttreatment of olive mill wastewater after anaerobic digestion. A factorial experimental design was adopted to determine the statistical significance of each parameter tested, namely, initial chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, treatment time and recirculation flow and possible interactions in three response variables: phenols, color and COD removals. Removal efficiencies of 90.8 ± 2.7%, 79.3 ± 1.9% and 50.3 ± 6.3% were obtained for total phenols (TPh), color and COD respectively. TPh and color were almost completely removed after 24 h of treatment, while the COD removal was partial. Because increasing the treatment time is economically unfeasible a recirculation to the anaerobic reactor should be considered. Regarding the most significant variables, the TPh removal efficiency is dependent of the initial COD concentration; the color removal efficiency decreased with increasing COD concentration and pH; and, the COD removal efficiency is directly linked with the treatment time. The interaction between the initial COD and treatment time affect negatively the response variables tested because of the inactivation of some active sites of the TiO2 paper.
The substrate specificity-determining amino acid code of 4-coumarate:CoA ligase

To reveal the structural principles determining substrate specificity of 4-coumarate:CoA ligase (4CL), the crystal structure of the phenylalanine activation domain of gramicidin S synthetase was used as a template for homology modeling. According to our model, 12 amino acid residues lining the Arabidopsis 4CL isoform 2 (At4CL2) substrate binding pocket (SBP) function as a signature motif generally determining 4CL substrate specificity. We used this substrate specificity code to create At4CL2 gain-of-function mutants. By increasing the space within the SBP we generated ferulic- and sinapic acid-activating At4CL2 variants. Increasing the hydrophobicity of the SBP resulted in At4CL2 variants with strongly enhanced conversion of cinnamic acid. These enzyme variants are suitable tools for investigating and influencing metabolic channeling mediated by 4CL. Knowledge of the 4CL specificity code will facilitate the prediction of substrate preference of numerous, still uncharacterized 4CL-like proteins.