Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An insect vision-based motion detection chip

The architectural and circuit design aspects of a mixed analog/digital very large scale integration (VLSI) motion detection chip based on models of the insect visual system are described. The chip comprises two one-dimensional 64-cell arrays as well as front-end analog circuitry for early visual processing and digital control circuits. Each analog processing cell comprises a photodetector, circuits for spatial averaging and multiplicative noise cancellation, differentiation, and thresholding. The operation and configuration of the analog cells is controlled by digital circuits, thus implementing a reconfigurable architecture which facilitates the evaluation of several newly designed analog circuits. The chip has been designed and fabricated in a 1.2-/spl mu/m CMOS process and occupies an area of 2/spl times/2 mm/sup 2/.
Analysis of cross-population differentiation between Thoroughbred and Jeju horses

Objective This study was intended to identify genes positively selected in Thoroughbred horses (THBs) that potentially contribute to their running performances. Methods The genomes of THB and Jeju horses (JH, Korean native horse) were compared to identify genes positively selected in THB. We performed cross-population extended haplotype homozygosity (XP-EHH) and cross-population composite likelihood ratio test (XP-CLR) statistical methods for our analysis using whole genome resequencing data of 14 THB and 6 JH. Results We identified 98 (XP-EHH) and 200 (XP-CLR) genes that are under positive selection in THB. Gene enrichment analysis identified 72 gene ontology biological process (GO BP) terms. The genes and GO BP terms explained some of THB’s characteristics such as immunity, energy metabolism and eye size and function related to running performances. GO BP terms that play key roles in several cell signaling mechanisms, which affected ocular size and visual functions were identified. GO BP term Eye photoreceptor cell differentiation is among the terms annotated presumed to affect eye size. Conclusion Our analysis revealed some positively selected candidate genes in THB related to their racing performances. The genes detected are related to the immunity, ocular size and function, and energy metabolism.
Procedimientos discursivos en la atribución del conocimiento en tesis de lingüística y filosofía en dos niveles académicos

RESUMEN Diversos autores interesados en el ambito de la escritura academica coinciden en el hecho de que la atribucion del conocimiento hace referencia a la responsabilidad del contenido pre-sentado, por lo que se le considera un indicador del posicionamiento que el autor hace en su escrito (Hyland, 2004a; Beke, 2008; Bolivar, Beke y Shiro, 2010). Asi, el objetivo principal de este trabajo es comparar el modo como se realiza la funcion discursiva de la atribucion del conocimiento en las tesis de licenciatura y magister, en linguistica y en ﬁlosofia. Para llevar a cabo dicho objetivo, hemos utilizado dos categorias de analisis, esto es, la inscripcion de la primera persona y la citacion. La metodologia utilizada para el analisis contempla una identiﬁcacion y descripcion de los mecanismos de atribucion mencionados. El corpus esta constituido por 20 tesis: 5 de cada disciplina y nivel (5 de licenciatura en linguistica, 5 de magister en linguistica, 5 de licenciatura en ﬁlosofia y 5 de magister en ﬁlosofia). Entre los principales resultados, es posible senalar que existen diferencias entre disciplinas y niveles
Regarding Whiteness: Exploring and Intervening in the Effects of White Racism in Teacher Education

This study examines the beliefs of nine white English-only speaking preservice teachers who tutored English language learners of Mexican origin as part of a university field service requirement. Over the course of a semester, participants were interviewed at length about their own reasons for becoming teachers, their beliefs about the children, and the ways in which race influenced their lives. Participants also were observed tutoring, and their learning journals were analyzed. Through various means of data collection, it became apparent that the good intentions of the participants were consistently undermined by the whiteness and the racism that influenced their beliefs about and behaviors with the children. The researcher consequently decided to intervene in the study, sharing data with participants and encouraging them to see the ways that whiteness and racism influenced their tutoring experience. Critical Race Theory and Critical White Studies together make up the theoretical framework that situates this study.
Lost in translation? Teaching law to non‐lawyers: Reviewing the evidence from social work

Abstract This paper considers pedagogical questions surrounding the teaching of law to non‐lawyers. It draws on research into the teaching, learning and assessment of law in social work education. The research comprised a systematic review of international literature, a practice survey, focus groups with students and practice teachers, and two stakeholder conferences. The evidence suggests that law teaching in social work education is of particular interest in highlighting key dimensions of education practice that affect students’ learning. The paper provides some signposts towards research‐informed organisation of teaching, learning and assessment, and highlights important areas for further study.
ARF6 regulates a plasma membrane pool of phosphatidylinositol(4,5)bisphosphate required for regulated exocytosis

ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) 6 regulates endosomal plasma membrane trafficking in many cell types, but is also suggested to play a role in Ca2+-dependent dense-core vesicle (DCV) exocytosis in neuroendocrine cells. In the present work, expression of the constitutively active GTPase-defective ARF6Q67L mutant in PC12 cells was found to inhibit Ca2+-dependent DCV exocytosis. The inhibition of exocytosis was accompanied by accumulation of ARFQ67L, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2), and the phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type I (PIP5KI) on endosomal membranes with their corresponding depletion from the plasma membrane. That the depletion of PIP2 and PIP5K from the plasma membrane caused the inhibition of DCV exocytosis was demonstrated directly in permeable cell reconstitution studies in which overexpression or addition of PIP5KIγ restored Ca2+-dependent exocytosis. The restoration of exocytosis in ARF6Q67L-expressing permeable cells unexpectedly exhibited a Ca2+ dependence, which was attributed to the dephosphorylation and activation of PIP5K. Increased Ca2+ and dephosphorylation stimulated the association of PIP5KIγ with ARF6. The results reveal a mechanism by which Ca2+ influx promotes increased ARF6-dependent synthesis of PIP2. We conclude that ARF6 plays a role in Ca2+-dependent DCV exocytosis by regulating the activity of PIP5K for the synthesis of an essential plasma membrane pool of PIP2.
MicroRNA expression profiling of thyroid tumors: biological significance and diagnostic utility.

OBJECTIVE MicroRNA (miRNA) expression is deregulated in many types of human cancers. We sought to investigate the expression patterns of miRNA in all major types of thyroid tumors, including tumors carrying distinct oncogenic mutations, and to explore the utility of miRNA profiling for the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid nodules. DESIGN miRNA expression levels were detected in 60 surgically removed thyroid neoplastic and nonneoplastic samples and in 62 fine-needle aspiration (FNA) samples by RT-PCR using TaqMan MicroRNA Panel or individual miRNA sequence-specific primers. miRNA expression levels were calculated relative to normal thyroid tissue. All tumors were genotyped for most common mutations. RESULTS Various histopathological types of thyroid tumors, including those deriving from the same cell type, showed significantly different profiles of miRNA expression. Oncocytic tumors, conventional follicular tumors, papillary carcinomas, and medullary carcinomas formed distinct clusters on the unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis. Significant correlation between miRNA expression patterns and somatic mutations was observed in papillary carcinomas. A set of seven miRNAs (miR-187, miR-221, miR-222, miR-146b, miR-155, miR-224, and miR-197) that were most differentially overexpressed in thyroid tumors vs. hyperplastic nodules in the surgical samples was validated in the FNA samples, showing high accuracy of thyroid cancer detection. CONCLUSIONS In this study, we demonstrate that various histopathological types of thyroid tumors have distinct miRNA profiles, which further differ within the same tumor type, reflecting specific oncogenic mutations. A limited set of miRNAs can be used diagnostically with high accuracy to detect thyroid cancer in the surgical and preoperative FNA samples.
Precise Stellar Radial Velocities of an M Dwarf with a Michelson Interferometer and a Medium-Resolution Near-Infrared Spectrograph

Precise near-infrared radial velocimetry enables efficient detection and transit verification of low-mass extrasolar planets orbiting M-dwarf hosts, which are faint for visible-wavelength radial velocity surveys. The TripleSpec Exoplanet Discovery Instrument (TEDI) is the combination of a variable-delay Michelson interferometer and a medium-resolution (R = 2700) near-infrared spectrograph on the Palomar 200 inch (5 m) Hale Telescope. We used TEDI to monitor GJ 699, a nearby mid-M dwarf, over 11 nights spread across 3 months. Analysis of 106 independent observations reveals a root-mean-squared precision of less than 37 m s-1 for 5 minutes of integration time. This performance is within a factor of 2 of our expected photon-limited precision. We further decompose the residuals into a 33 m s-1 white noise component and a 15 m s-1 systematic noise component, which we identify as being likely due to contamination by telluric absorption lines. With further development this technique holds promise for broad implementation on medium-resolution near-infrared spectrographs to search for low-mass exoplanets orbiting M dwarfs and to verify low-mass transit candidates.
Chromosomal aberrations in squamous cell carcinoma and solar keratoses revealed by comparative genomic hybridization.

OBJECTIVE To identify chromosomal copy numbers of frequent genetic aberrations within squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) and solar keratoses (SKs), and provide further evidence to support or challenge current dogma concerning the relationship between these lesions. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of genetic aberrations in DNA from SK and SCC biopsy specimens by comparative genomic hybridization. SETTING University-based research laboratory in Queensland, Australia. PATIENTS Twenty-two biopsy specimens from patients with diagnosed SKs (n = 7), cutaneous SCCs (n = 10), or adjoining lesions (n = 5). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Identification of frequent genetic aberrations both specific to SK and SCC and shared by these lesions to investigate their clonal relationship. RESULTS Shared genomic imbalances were identified in SK and SCC. Frequent gains were located at chromosome arms 3q, 17q, 4p, 14q, Xq, 5p, 9q, 8q, 17p, and 20q, whereas shared regional losses were observed at 9p, 3p, 13q, 17p, 11p, 8q, and 18p. Significant loss of 18q was observed only in SCC lesions. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that numerous chromosomal aberrations are shared by the 2 lesions, suggesting a clonal relationship between SK and SCC. Additionally, the genomic loss of 18q may be a significant event in SK progression to SCC. Finally, the type and frequency of aberrations suggests a common mode of tumorigenesis in SCC-derived tumors.
Absentee Prevention—A Model for Intervention

MARTHA HEGNER is community affairs coordinator for the Rochester (Pa.) Area School District. Success of the educational process depends on the presence of pupils in the classroom, continuity of instruction, class participation, and well-planned instructional activities under the guidance of a competent instructor. Regardless of state laws governing attendance, chronic absenteeism is a serious problem. But, very little seems to be known about its primary causes and what should and can be done to deal
Effects of litter size and subsequent gold-thioglucose-induced obesity on adipose tissue weight, distribution and cellularity in male and female mice: an age study

1. Over- or undernutrition of newborn mice was caused by suckling in litters consisting initially of four or eighteen pups. After weaning mice were fed ad lib. At 13 weeks of age some mice from large litters received gold thioglucose (GTG: 600 mg/kg intraperitoneally) to induce hyperphagia, and mice were killed at 13, 19·5, 26, 39 and 52 weeks. 2. Total carcass lipid and the size and number of adipocytes in the inguinal subcutaneous, genital, perirenal and mesenteric depots were determined. 3. Mice, both male and female, raised in small litters were heavier and had more carcass fat at all ages than mice raised in large litters. After GTG-treatment mice from large litters were heavier and fatter than mice raised in small litters. 4. Fat distribution between the depots was related to carcass lipid content and not to treatment. The order of depot development was subcutaneous, parametrial, perirenal and mesenteric in females and epididymal, subcutaneous, perirenal and mesenteric in males. At 13 weeks the depots in males were more developed than those in females. 5. Litter size had no effect on adipocyte volume in female mice at 13 weeks but by 52 weeks small-litter mice had larger cells in all depots and more cells in the parametrial and perirenal depots. 6. Male mice from small litters had bigger cells at 13 weeks in all depots compared with males from large litters but by 52 weeks no significant differences remained. Greater numbers of cells were present only in the perirenal and mesenteric depots of small-litter males at some ages. 7. Depots of GTG-treated large-litter female mice had larger cells than those of small-litter females, while a similar number of cells was found by 52 weeks in all but the perirenal depot, which had significantly more cells. 8. GTG treatment of male mice from large litters also caused bigger cells than in small-litter mice, and an increased depot cell number at earlier ages in all but the epididymal depot. By 52 weeks cell numbers were similar in depots from small-litter and GTG-treated large-litter mice, except for the epididymal depot from the latter which had fewer cells. 9. Increases in cell numbers with age in different depots occurred independently of existing cell mean volume and even of tissue growth, suggesting the presence of an in-built chronology, at least in older mice. 10. We suppose that the differences in response to the level of preweaning nutrition in males and females result from a greater effect on the hypothalamic appetite centre in the latter. Whereas the cellular changes in large-litter males occur in the late-developing depots and are reversed naturally with time, those in the large-litter females are more extensive and require induction of hyperphagia for reversal.
Natural Powers and Powerful Natures

The justification of a wholly non-Humean conceptual scheme, based upon the idea of enduring individuals with powers, rests in part on the success of such a scheme in resolving the problems bequeathed to us by the Humean tradition and in part must be achieved by a careful construction of the metaphysics of the new scheme itself. By this we mean a thorough exposition of the meaning and interrelations of the concepts of the new scheme. It is to the latter task that we turn in this paper, being satisfied that the power of the scheme to give a rational account of science has been shown, and that its effectiveness in resolving the Humean problems and dilemmas has been amply demonstrated.
Social Motivations To Use Gamification: An Empirical Study Of Gamifying Exercise

This paper investigates how social factors predict attitude toward gamification and intention to continue using gamified services, as well as intention to recommend gamified services. The paper employs structural equation modelling for analyses of data (n=107) gathered through a survey that was conducted among users of one of the world’s largest gamification applications for physical exercise. The results indicate that social factors are strong predictors for attitudes towards gamification, and, further, continued use intentions and intentions to recommend the related service.
The impact of peer, family and school on delinquency

This study explored the relationship among family, peer and school factors on delinquency among Chinese adolescents. Interviews were conducted with 718 Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong. At-risk adolescents had more family problems, negative peer relations and a poorer school environment. Negative peer influence was the most salient predictor of delinquency.
Runs in the Outfield: The Pakistani Diaspora and Cricket in England

In an age of heightened global flows and disjunctures the transnational appeal of the idea of Pakistan has grown. The socio-political context of diaspora marginalization in England, along with stronger transnational linkages between migrants and their regions of origin in Pakistan, has led to the development of other Pakistani identities that subvert the authoritarian political discourse of officialdom in Islamabad. This article will analyse the emergence of disparate British-Pakistani cricket cultures and their relevance to discussions on Pakistani national consciousness and identity. It will be argued that these discourses from diaspora communities in England provide crucial insights into the construction of political and cultural identities. Their disposition to be pluralistic, heterogeneous and composed of numerous cultural and political influences reflects the reality of historical human interchange. As such, they are rebuttals of simplistic modernist constructions of identity, particularly of the type emanating from the discourses of authoritarian political leaders like those in Pakistan.
Recording and identification of cardiac neuron activity in the right atrium ganglionated plexus

Recent multichannel electrode array technology has enabled the simultaneous recording of multiple cardiac neurons located in ganglia on a beating heart. These new bioelectric signals are contaminated by the electrical activity of the atrial muscle just underneath. These atrial waveforms may mask relevant neuronal activity. In this paper, we evaluate the application of a principal component analysis technique to suppress atrial activity (AA) and reveal hidden neuronal activity. Neuronal signals were recorded in situ using a 16-channel electrode in an open-chest, anesthetized dog in sinus rhythm. Validation of AA cancellation was performed by comparing neuron spike waveforms extracted from within AA with those found in AA-free time intervals. Results showed that consistent neuronal waveforms can be identified within AA in order to improve the detection of neuron firings.
Subband Method for Multichannel Least Squares Equalization of Room Transfer Functions

Equalization of room transfer functions (RTFs) is important in many speech and audio processing applications. It is a challenging problem because RTFs are several thousand taps long and non-minimum phase and in practice only approximate measurements of the RTFs are available. In this paper, we present a subband multichannel least squares method for equalization of RTFs which is computationally efficient and less sensitive to inaccuracies in the measured RTFs compared to its fullband counterpart. Experimental results using simulated impulse responses demonstrate the performance of the algorithm.
Performance appraisal‐cultural fit: organizational outcomes within the UAE

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore, within the UAE, performance appraisal, culture and associated outcomes. It builds upon a mainly Western literature to develop the case for aligning culture with appraisal to meet stakeholder expectations.Design/methodology/approach – A sample of managers was drawn from the Chamber of Commerce listing. Their views were sought on the extent to which they empathised with appraisal approaches. Opinions relating to organizational outcomes associated with the appraisal, combined with an exploration of culture issues, were canvassed.Findings – Results suggest: commitment will be influenced by the extent to which an employee perceives a personal organizational “fit”; an employee's job satisfaction maybe positively linked to the extent to which they consider appraisal and culture to be aligned; and, there was an unexpected neutral effect relating to the impact of national culture.Research limitations/implications – This Westernised approach appears to have been fa.
Are continuum beliefs about psychotic symptoms associated with stereotypes about schizophrenia?

Contact with people diagnosed with schizophrenia, and causal beliefs about the disorder, have both been shown to correlate with stigmatization. However, the associations are complex and heterogeneous. The effects of antistigma campaigns that have implemented personal contact have been limited and interventions promoting biological causal explanations have been found to increase stigmatization in some cases. Possibly a more suitable strategy for antistigma interventions could be to incorporate continuum beliefs, which propose that symptoms of schizophrenia lie on a continuum with normal experiences. The present study considers the potential for interventions focused on continuum beliefs by investigating the association between continuum beliefs and stigmatization. Within a sample of 120 participants of an online study, higher levels of continuum beliefs (assessed with the Continuum Beliefs Questionnaire, CBQ) were significantly correlated with lower stereotype scores. This association remained significant after controlling for known correlates of stereotypes (contact, causal beliefs, and educational level). We did not find an association between continuum beliefs and social distance. It is concluded that the promotion of continuum beliefs should be considered in the development of new antistigma campaigns.
Asymptotics of 10j symbols

The Riemannian 10j symbols are spin networks that assign an amplitude to each 4-simplex in the Barrett–Crane model of Riemannian quantum gravity. This amplitude is a function of the areas of the ten faces of the 4-simplex, and Barrett and Williams have shown that one contribution to its asymptotics comes from the Regge action for all non-degenerate 4-simplices with the specified face areas. However, we show numerically that the dominant contribution comes from degenerate 4-simplices. As a consequence, one can compute the asymptotics of the Riemannian 10j symbols by evaluating a 'degenerate spin network', where the rotation group SO(4) is replaced by the Euclidean group of isometries of 3. We conjecture formulae for the asymptotics of a large class of Riemannian and Lorentzian spin networks in terms of these degenerate spin networks, and check these formulae in some special cases. Among other things, this conjecture implies that the Lorentzian 10j symbols are asymptotic to 1/16 times the Riemannian ones.