Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Literature Review of Factors Influencing Breast Cancer Screening in Asian Countries

Breast cancer is a major public health concern among Asian women. As breast cancer is often diagnosed in advanced stages in younger women, mortality rates are frequently higher compared with rates in developed nations. Due to the influence of various psychological, social, and cultural factors on breast cancer, women are reluctant to screen their breast cancer symptoms at the early stages when treatment is most expected to be successful. Screening options for Asian women are also limited because of demographic constrains and their knowledge of preventive health measures. This paper proceeds to review the existing literature on factors influencing breast cancer screening among Asian women. For the most part, health care professionals, medical doctors, gynecologists, and breast cancer advocates should find actual ways to overcome psychological barriers such as beliefs about pain, fear, embarrassment, and modesty of women through public awareness campaigns. Considerable attention should be also devoted to lower socioeconomic status women. In the same way, health care providers should explain to the women about the importance of breast cancer as a common disease and the existence of breast cancer screening programs in a small scale approach, as well as the benefits that participation in these programs can offer. This initiative is about enhancing health status among women and it is part of community development endeavor. (Maryam Ahmadian, Asnarulkhadi Abu Samah. A Literature Review of Factors Influencing Breast Cancer Screening in Asian Countries. Life Sci J 2012;9(2):585-594). (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com . 90
Strouhal Numbers for Heat Exchanger Tube Arrays in Cross Flow

The prediction of tube or acoustic resonance due to cross-flow in heat exchangers is dependent upon knowledge of the flow characteristics for a given tube array geometry. For this, a Strouhal number relating a peak frequency in the turbulence spectrum to the velocity of the flow is required. The data available in the literature for this are rather confusing and the prediction methods appear somewhat contradictory. This paper reports the results from experiments conducted to determine Strouhal numbers for eight tube array models. These results together with the data available in the literature are then compared and appropriate conclusions are drawn.
A perturbation scheme for spherical arrangements with application to molecular modeling

We describe a software package for computing and manipulating the subdivision of a sphere by a collection of (not necessarily great) circles and for computing the boundary surface of the union of spheres. We present problems that arise in the implementation of the software and the solutions that we have found for them. At the core of the paper is a novel perturbation scheme to overcome degeneracies and precision problems in computing spherical arrangements while using floating point arithmetic. The scheme is relatively simple, it balances between the efficiency of computation and the magnitude of the perturbation, and it performs well in practice. In one O(n) time pass through the data, it perturbs the inputs necessary to insure no potential degeneracies and then passes the perturbed inputs on to the geometric algorithm. We report and discuss experimental results. Our package is a major component in a larger package aimed to support geometric queries on molecular models; it is currently employed by chemists working in `rational drug design. '' The spherical subdivisions are used to construct a geometric model of a molecule where each sphere represents an atom. We also give an overview of the molecular modeling package and detail additional features and implementation issues.
Intravitreal Adalimumab in Active Noninfectious Uveitis: A Pilot Study

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the short-term efficacy of intravitreal adalimumab (IVA) for the treatment of eyes with active noninfectious uveitis. Methods: Consecutive eyes with active noninfectious uveitis were injected with IVA at 0, 2, then every 4 weeks for total of 26 weeks. Results: Six out of 7 patients (12 of 13 eyes) completed 26 weeks of treatment. One patient (1 eye) failed treatment. Seven out of 12 eyes had improvement of ≥2 ETDRS lines. Three out of three eyes had resolution of anterior chamber cells. And 9 of 10 eyes with vitreous haze had zero haze at 26 weeks. Five out of 8 eyes with macular edema had complete resolution. Median fluorescein angiography score improved from 14 to 4 on last follow-up. Conclusions: IVA was effective in controlling the inflammation, decreasing the macular edema, and improving the best corrected visual acuity in the majority of eyes in this series.
Kernel Architecture of the Genetic Circuitry of the Arabidopsis Circadian System

A wide range of organisms features molecular machines, circadian clocks, which generate endogenous oscillations with ~24 h periodicity and thereby synchronize biological processes to diurnal environmental fluctuations. Recently, it has become clear that plants harbor more complex gene regulatory circuits within the core circadian clocks than other organisms, inspiring a fundamental question: are all these regulatory interactions between clock genes equally crucial for the establishment and maintenance of circadian rhythms? Our mechanistic simulation for Arabidopsis thaliana demonstrates that at least half of the total regulatory interactions must be present to express the circadian molecular profiles observed in wild-type plants. A set of those essential interactions is called herein a kernel of the circadian system. The kernel structure unbiasedly reveals four interlocked negative feedback loops contributing to circadian rhythms, and three feedback loops among them drive the autonomous oscillation itself. Strikingly, the kernel structure, as well as the whole clock circuitry, is overwhelmingly composed of inhibitory, rather than activating, interactions between genes. We found that this tendency underlies plant circadian molecular profiles which often exhibit sharply-shaped, cuspidate waveforms. Through the generation of these cuspidate profiles, inhibitory interactions may facilitate the global coordination of temporally-distant clock events that are markedly peaked at very specific times of day. Our systematic approach resulting in experimentally-testable predictions provides insights into a design principle of biological clockwork, with implications for synthetic biology.
Staggered Price Setting and Real Rigidities

This paper emphasizes the notion that model features that contribute to endogenous price rigidity under staggered price setting lower the elasticity of marginal cost with respect to output, and these same model features tend to generate equilibrium indeterminacy, or "sunspot fluctuations", under price flexibility. Using this insight, staggered price setting is shown to imply persistent output responses to monetary shocks for certain parameterizations of one and two sector models with small increasing returns or countercyclical markups, and other model features that would contribute to persistence are discussed.
Characteristics of patient and healthcare service utilization associated with inappropriate hospitalization days.

AIM This paper is a report of a study to examine the number of inappropriate days of hospitalization and to identify the characteristics of patient and healthcare service utilization associated with inappropriate hospital stays. BACKGROUND Inappropriate hospitalization stays are recognized as an important indication of the misuse of healthcare services, but the published literature shows inconsistent findings on factors influencing this. METHOD A descriptive, correlational study was carried out in September 2005, with a patient survey and a review of patient records. Data were collected for 383 patients discharged from eight general nursing care units in a tertiary teaching hospital in Korea. Inappropriate hospitalization days were defined as inpatient days not requiring continuous and active medical, nursing or paramedical treatment provided by hospital services, and were judged using the Korean version of the Appropriate Evaluation Protocol. Univariate and multiple regression analyses were performed to determine factors associated with inappropriate hospitalization days. FINDINGS A total of 3076 hospitalization days were reviewed. The average proportion that were inappropriate was 5.1% (+/-16.0) per patient, and 14.1% of patients were determined to have had at least one inappropriate hospitalization day. The most common reason judged as appropriate was need for nursing/life support services. Statistically significant factors associated with inappropriate stay included gender, age, primary disease, length of stay and ward bed occupancy level during the patient's hospitalization. CONCLUSION Managers should take into account patient and clinical characteristics to promote better utilization of hospital resources.
SemEval-2012 Task 4: Evaluating Chinese Word Similarity

This task focuses on evaluating word similarity computation in Chinese. We follow the way of Finkelstein et al. (2002) to select word pairs. Then we organize twenty undergraduates who are major in Chinese linguistics to annotate the data. Each pair is assigned a similarity score by each annotator. We rank the word pairs by the average value of similar scores among the twenty annotators. This data is used as gold standard. Four systems participating in this task return their results. We evaluate their results on gold standard data in term of Kendall's tau value, and the results show three of them have a positive correlation with the rank manually created while the taus' value is very small.
Performance of Vetiver Grass ( Vetiveria zizanioides ) for Phytoremediation of Contaminated Water

In tolerance towards metal uptake, there is a need to evaluate the performance of vetiver grass for metal removal to reduce water impurity. This study was aimed to evaluate contaminant removal by vetiver grass at varying root length and plant density and determine the metal uptake in vetiver plant biomass. Pollutant uptake of vetiver grass was conducted in laboratory experiment and heavy metal analysis was done using acid digestion and Atomic Absorption Spectrometry. Findings indicated that the removal of heavy metal was decreased in seven days of the experiment where iron shows the highest percentage (96%; 0.42 ppm) of removal due to iron is highly required for growth of vetiver grass. Removal rate of heavy metals in water by vetiver grass is ranked in the order of Fe>Zn>Pb>Mn>Cu. Results also demonstrated greater removal of heavy metals (Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, Zn) at greater root length and higher density of vetiver grass because it increased the surface area for metal absorption by plant root into vetiver plant from contaminated water. However, findings indicated that accumulation of heavy metals in plant biomass was higher in vetiver shoot than in root due to metal translocation from root to the shoot. Therefore, the findings have shown effective performance of vetiver grass for metal removal in the phytoremediation of contaminated water.
Level of NICU Quality of Developmental Care and Neurobehavioral Performance in Very Preterm Infants

OBJECTIVE: To examine the relation between the neurobehavior of very preterm infants and the level of NICU quality of developmental care. METHODS: The neurobehavior of 178 very preterm infants (gestational age ≤29 weeks and/or birth weight ≤1500 g) from 25 NICUs participating in a large multicenter, longitudinal study (Neonatal Adequate Care for Quality of Life, NEO-ACQUA) was examined with a standardized neurobehavioral assessment, the NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale (NNNS). A questionnaire, the NEO-ACQUA Quality of Care Checklist was used to evaluate the level of developmental care in each of the NICUs. A factor analyses applied to NEO-ACQUA Quality of Care Checklist produced 2 main factors: (1) the infant-centered care (ICC) index, which measures parents’ involvement in the care of their infant and other developmentally oriented care interventions, and (2) the infant pain management (IPM) index, which measures the NICU approach to and the procedures used for reducing infant pain. The relations between NNNS neurobehavioral scores and the 2 indexes were evaluated. RESULTS: Infants from NICUs with high scores on the ICC evidenced higher attention and regulation, less excitability and hypotonicity, and lower stress/abstinence NNNS scores than infants from low-care units. Infants from NICUs with high scores on the IPM evidenced higher attention and arousal, lower lethargy and nonoptimal reflexes NNNS scores than preterm infants from low-scoring NICUs. CONCLUSIONS: Very preterm infant neurobehavior was associated with higher levels of developmental care both in ICC and in IPM, suggesting that these practices support better neurobehavioral stability.
MRI assisted cervix cancer brachytherapy pre-planning, based on insertion of the applicator in para-cervical anaesthesia: preliminary results of a prospective study

Purpose To report on preliminary results of a prospective study on MRI-assisted cervix cancer brachytherapy pre-planning. Material and methods In six locally advanced cervix cancer patients, five days before the first brachytherapy fraction, tandem & ring applicator was inserted under para-cervical anaesthesia, MRI performed and applicator removed. Procedure-time and patient-tolerability were recorded. High risk CTV and organs at risk were delineated, virtual needles placed and dose planning performed. At brachytherapy, insertion was carried out under subarachnoidal anaesthesia, according to pre-planned geometry. Pre-planned and actual needle positions and DVH parameters were compared. Results The procedure was well tolerated and short. All inserted needles were inside high risk CTV and outside organs at risk. Differences in pre-planned and actual DVH parameters and implant geometry were small. Conclusions The procedure was well tolerated and feasible. Pre-planned geometry could be reproduced thoroughly at brachytherapy application.
GIS-supported people tracking re-acquisition in a multi-camera environment

Modern surveillance systems consist of multiple, geographically dispersed cameras, increasing the technical and scalability challenges for person re-identification. In this context, the use of geographical information to boost the effectiveness of a state-of-the-art re-identification algorithm has been implemented and evaluated, by leveraging the prediction of an event evolution. It is argued that the estimation of possible target trajectories can limit the footage search space and allow focused application of the re-identification algorithm. This is reflected in performance, effectiveness and scalability. The parametrization of the interesting footage reduction mechanism allows using different profiles and a flexible trade-off between performance and robustness. Our work is verified and evaluated in a well known benchmark dataset for re-identification and a real-world dataset created in the framework of the EU-project ADVISE.
CHIR-124, a Novel Potent Inhibitor of Chk1, Potentiates the Cytotoxicity of Topoisomerase I Poisons In vitro and In vivo

Purpose: Chk1 kinase is a critical regulator of both S and G2-M phase cell cycle checkpoints in response to DNA damage. This study aimed to evaluate the biochemical, cellular, and antitumor effects of a novel Chk1 inhibitor, CHIR124. Experimental Design: CHIR-124 was evaluated for its ability to abrogate cell cycle checkpoints, to potentiate cytotoxicity, and to inhibit Chk1-mediated signaling induced by topoisomerase I poisons in human tumor cell line and xenograft models. Results: CHIR-124 is a quinolone-based small molecule that is structurally unrelated to other known inhibitors of Chk1. It potently and selectively inhibits Chk1 in vitro (IC50 = 0.0003 μmol/L). CHIR-124 interacts synergistically with topoisomerase poisons (e.g., camptothecin or SN-38) in causing growth inhibition in several p53-mutant solid tumor cell lines as determined by isobologram or response surface analysis. CHIR-124 abrogates the SN-38–induced S and G2-M checkpoints and potentiates apoptosis in MDA-MD-435 breast cancer cells. The abrogation of the G2-M checkpoint and induction of apoptosis by CHIR-124 are enhanced by the loss of p53. We have also shown that CHIR-124 treatment can restore the level of cdc25A protein, which is normally targeted by Chk1 for degradation following DNA damage, indicating that Chk1 signaling is suppressed in the presence of CHIR-124. Finally, in an orthotopic breast cancer xenograft model, CHIR-124 potentiates the growth inhibitory effects of irinotecan by abrogating the G2-M checkpoint and increasing tumor apoptosis. Conclusions: CHIR-124 is a novel and potent Chk1 inhibitor with promising antitumor activities when used in combination with topoisomerase I poisons.
Multi-modal speaker diarization of real-world meetings using compressed-domain video features

Speaker diarization is originally defined as the task of determining “who spoke when” given an audio track and no other prior knowledge of any kind. The following article shows a multi-modal approach where we improve a state-of-the-art speaker diarization system by combining standard acoustic features (MFCCs) with compressed domain video features. The approach is evaluated on over 4.5 hours of the publicly available AMI meetings dataset which contains challenges such as people standing up and walking out of the room. We show a consistent improvement of about 34% relative in speaker error rate (21% DER) compared to a state-of-the-art audio-only baseline.
Hypoxia and the antipredator behaviours of fishes

Hypoxia is a phenomenon occurring in marine coastal areas with increasing frequency. While hypoxia has been documented to affect fish activity and metabolism, recent evidence shows that hypoxia can also have a detrimental effect on various antipredator behaviours. Here, we review such evidence with a focus on the effect of hypoxia on fish escape responses, its modulation by aquatic surface respiration (ASR) and schooling behaviour. The main effect of hypoxia on escape behaviour was found in responsiveness and directionality. Locomotor performance in escapes was expected to be relatively independent of hypoxia, since escape responses are fuelled anaerobically. However, hypoxia decreased locomotor performance in some species (Mugilidae) although only in the absence of ASR in severe hypoxia. ASR allows fish to show higher escape performance than fish staying in the water column where hypoxia occurs. This situation provides a trade-off whereby fish may perform ASR in order to avoid the detrimental effects of hypoxia, although they would be subjected to higher exposure to aerial predation. As a result of this trade-off, fishes appear to minimize surfacing behaviour in the presence of aerial predators and to surface near shelters, where possible. For many fish species, schooling can be an effective antipredator behaviour. Severe hypoxia may lead to the disruption of the school unit. At moderate levels, hypoxia can increase school volume and can change the shuffling behaviour of individuals. By altering school structure and dynamics, hypoxia may affect the well functioning of schooling in terms of synchronization and execution of antipredator manoeuvres. School structure and volume appear to be the results of numerous trade-offs, where school shape may be dictated by the presence of predators, the need for energy saving via hydrodynamic advantages and oxygen level. The effects of hypoxia on aquatic organisms can be taxon specific. While hypoxia may not necessarily increase the vulnerability of fish subject to predation by other fish (since feeding in fish also decreases in hypoxia), predators from other taxa such as birds, jellyfish or aquatic mammals may take advantage of the detrimental effects of hypoxia on fish escape ability. Therefore, the effect of hypoxia on fish antipredator behaviours may have major consequences for the composition of aquatic communities.
Deterministic memory-efficient string matching algorithms for intrusion detection

Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) have become widely recognized as powerful tools for identifying, deterring and deflecting malicious attacks over the network. Essential to almost every intrusion detection system is the ability to search through packets and identify content that matches known attacks. Space and time efficient string matching algorithms are therefore important for identifying these packets at line rate. We examine string matching algorithms and their use for intrusion detection, in particular, we focus our efforts on providing worst-case performance that is amenable to hardware implementation. We contribute modifications to the Aho-Corasick string-matching algorithm that drastically reduce the amount of memory required and improve its performance on hardware implementations. We also show that these modifications do not drastically affect software performance on commodity processors, and therefore may be worth considering in these cases as well.
Immunoselection of GRP94/endoplasmin from a KNRK cell‐specific λGTLL library using antibodies directed against a putative heparanase amino‐terminal peptide

Induction of an invasive phenotype by metastatic tumour cells results in part from inappropriate expression of extracellular matrix‐degrading enzymes normally involved in embryonic morphogenesis, tissue remodelling, angiogenesis and wound healing. Such enzymes include endoglycosidases that degrade heparan sulfate (HS) in endothelial basement membrane, as well as better characterized proteases. Heparanase, an endo‐β‐D‐glucuronidase initially detected in B16 melanoma cells, has been described as a Mr 96 000 glycoprotein with pl of 5.2, and has been immunolocalized to the cell surface and cytoplasm. We have utilized a polyacrylamide‐gel‐based HS degradation assay to demonstrate that KNRK, a rat kidney fibroblast cell line transformed by v‐K‐ras, exhibits HS‐degrading activity similar to that of B16F10 mouse melanoma cells. To immuno‐select heparanase‐expressing clones from a KNRK‐cell‐specific λgtII cDNA library, we have also prepared a rabbit anti‐serum directed against a putative amino‐terminal peptide of B16F10 cellular heparanase. Lysogens from one clone expressed a β‐galactosidase fusion protein whose staining with peptide anti‐serum was inhibited by competition with excess peptide. Dideoxy‐mediated sequencing of the insert termini of this reco.mbinant revealed that it represents a rat homologue of Mr94,000 glucose‐regulated protein (GRP94/endoplasmin), a molecular chaperone that contains the exact amino‐terminal sequence previously attributed to heparanase. Our results call into question the specificity of this peptide sequence, as well as previous immunolocalization studies of heparanase carried out using such anti‐sera.