Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sex and ethics: young people and ethical sex/Sex and ethics: the sexual ethics education programme for young people/Sex and ethics pack

since the 1990s, since when there has been considerable resistance to addressing reproductive rights and harmful traditional practices. Reilly argues persuasively that a broader set of human rights demands is required, moving away from well established civil rights to an expanded notion that incorporates socio-economic rights. Another interesting chapter addresses the pernicious impacts of recent rises in religious fundamentalisms on the lives of women, as well as lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgendered people. Reilly examines, for example, how fundamentalist projects across all religions and regions threaten the women’s human rights advocacy of the 1990s, which they criticise as western, as threats to national sovereignty, individualistic and/or antifamily. Emancipatory cosmopolitan feminism is seen as key to contesting fundamentalist forces, with local feminist struggles alongside global women’s movements working to halt these advances. While in general the advocacy perspective is well theorised and reasoned, I would like to have seen a little more critical engagement with recent theorising in the gender and development field. Reilly touches, for example, on post-structuralism and the work of Spivak, Mohanty and others, but could possibly have looked more deeply at the theoretical tensions between the burgeoning academic work especially in the global north, and feminist advocacy in the south. I was also surprised not to see more discussion of Capabilities Theory, which again is touched on only briefly despite its seeming compatibility with Reilly’s own line of analysis (see, for example, Unterhalter 2007). I would also like to have seen greater engagement with the education field, with perhaps a fuller discussion of the disconnects between movements for women’s rights and those advocating rights for children. Overall, however, this is a lucid, informative and persuasive book. The structure and organisation works very well, and there is a very useful summary of key points at the end of each chapter. This book will be of particular interest to students and academics in the fields of women’s studies and development studies. Reilly’s insider position within the Global Women’s Movement clearly gives her a very clear grasp of the debates and challenges of feminist advocacy, and goes some way to addressing the subtitle of the book: ‘seeking gender justice in a globalising age’.
The Relationship of Loneliness and Social Support with College Freshmen's Academic Performance and Persistence

Based on Tinto's (1993) model of academic persistence, this study investigated the relationship of loneliness, social support, and living arrangements with academic persistence decisions of 401 college freshmen. Participants completed a series of standardized instruments during class time. Social support was negatively related to loneliness and positively related to academic persistence decisions. Less loneliness and more social support predicted more positive persistence decisions. Neither social support nor loneliness was related to GPA; however, freshmen living on campus had higher GPAs than those living off campus. Women perceived receiving more social support from both friends and family than did men. These results are discussed in light of what might be done to influence greater persistence.
Not Pollyannas

This research used a job interview context to investigate the relationship between peoples’ degrees of generalized trust—their default assessments of the likely trustworthiness of others—and their ability to detect lies. Participants watched videos of eight simulated job interviews: Half of the interviewees were completely truthful; half told a variety of lies to make themselves more attractive job candidates. Contrary to lay wisdom, high trusters were significantly better than low trusters were at detecting lies. This finding extends a growing body of theoretical and empirical work suggesting that high trusters are far from foolish Pollyannas and that low trusters’ defensiveness incurs significant costs.
Repeated priming of attachment security influences later views of self and relationships

Research shows that priming attachment security results in positive relationship expectations and affect (Rowe & Carnelley, 2003). We examined whether repetitive priming of attachment security (e.g., experimentally activating cognitive representations of attachment security) would have more lasting effects on relationship- and self-views. Participants provided baseline measures at Time 1. On 3 occasions (across 3 days), we primed participants with attachment security or a neutral prime (Times 2–4). Two days later (Time 5), participants completed trait-level measures not preceded by a prime. As expected, those repeatedly primed with attachment security reported more positive relationship expectations, more positive self-views, and less attachment anxiety at Time 5 than at Time 1; those primed with neutral primes showed no change with time. These priming effects last longer than those typically found.
Liver-Kidney Transplantation in Primary Hyperoxaluria Type-1: Case Report and Literature Review

Primary hyperoxaluria type-1 (PH1) is a rare inherited autosomal recessive disorder in which a deficiency of the hepatic enzyme alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase leads to endogenous oxalate overproduction, renal failure, systemic oxalate deposition and death. As hemodialysis provides insufficient oxalate clearance, patients ultimately require both liver and kidney transplantation for correction of the metabolic abnormality and oxalate excretion. Herein, we describe a young adult male with end-stage renal disease and systemic oxalosis causing progressive disabling multi-organ dysfunction while awaiting transplantation. We review the literature regarding liver-kidney transplantation and suggest that for patients with PH1, a standardized assessment of organ dysfunction and functional impairment may improve identification of patients requiring urgent transplantation thereby reducing the morbidity and mortality that can occur with delayed transplantation.
Antiatherosclerotic and Renoprotective Effects of Ebselen in the Diabetic Apolipoprotein E/GPx1-Double Knockout Mouse

OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of the GPx1-mimetic ebselen on diabetes-associated atherosclerosis and renal injury in a model of increased oxidative stress. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The study was performed using diabetic apolipoprotein E/GPx1 (ApoE−/−GPx1−/−)-double knockout (dKO) mice, a model combining hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia with increased oxidative stress. Mice were randomized into two groups, one injected with streptozotocin, the other with vehicle, at 8 weeks of age. Groups were further randomized to receive either ebselen or no treatment for 20 weeks. RESULTS Ebselen reduced diabetes-associated atherosclerosis in most aortic regions, with the exception of the aortic sinus, and protected dKO mice from renal structural and functional injury. The protective effects of ebselen were associated with a reduction in oxidative stress (hydroperoxides in plasma, 8-isoprostane in urine, nitrotyrosine in the kidney, and 4-hydroxynonenal in the aorta) as well as a reduction in VEGF, CTGF, VCAM-1, MCP-1, and Nox2 after 10 weeks of diabetes in the dKO aorta. Ebselen also significantly reduced the expression of proteins implicated in fibrosis and inflammation in the kidney as well as reducing related key intracellular signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS Ebselen has an antiatherosclerotic and renoprotective effect in a model of accelerated diabetic complications in the setting of enhanced oxidative stress. Our data suggest that ebselen effectively repletes the lack of GPx1, and indicate that ebselen may be an effective therapeutic for the treatment of diabetes-related atherosclerosis and nephropathy. Furthermore, this study highlights the feasibility of addressing two diabetic complications with one treatment regimen through the unifying approach of targeted antioxidant therapy.
Development of an Early Hebrew Oral Reading Fluency Measure

Currently, there are no Hebrew (L2) reading assessments that have been tested to obtain evidence for reliability and validity on which to base decisions about Hebrew instruction. The authors developed a Hebrew benchmark assessment tool for first grade students modeled after Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills, a standardized test of accuracy and fluency used to identify at-risk students and to monitor student progress. Results of pilot data collection (N=53) provide evidence for strong alternate form reliability for this measure, as well as evidence for content, face and criterion-related validity. Future directions for research and development are discussed.
Fatty acid metabolism: target for metabolic syndrome This work is supported by grants from the National Institute of Health (GM-63115), the Hefni Technical Training Foundation, and the Medallion Foundation. Published, JLR Papers in Press, December 1, 2008.

Fatty acids are a major energy source and important constituents of membrane lipids, and they serve as cellular signaling molecules that play an important role in the etiology of the metabolic syndrome. Acetyl-CoA carboxylases 1 and 2 (ACC1 and ACC2) catalyze the synthesis of malonyl-CoA, the substrate for fatty acid synthesis and the regulator of fatty acid oxidation. They are highly regulated and play important roles in the energy metabolism of fatty acids in animals, including humans. They are presently considered as an attractive target to regulate the human diseases of obesity, diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular complications. In this review we discuss the role of fatty acid metabolism and its key players, ACC1 and ACC2, in animal evolution and physiology, as related to health and disease.
Executive function in parents of children with autism

Background. Previous studies have shown that individuals with autism show impaired performance on tests of executive function (Ozonoff et al. 1991, 1993; Hughes & Russell, 1993; Hughes et al. 1994). There is also strong evidence for genetic involvement in autism (see Rutter, 1991 for review). If executive dysfunction is a core impairment in autism, then similar impairments are hypothesized to exist in a subtler form among the parents of autistic children. Methods. Forty parents of autistic children were compared with 40 parents of learning disabled children and 36 adults from unaffected families on three computerized tests of executive function. These tasks tapped attentional-shifting skills, visuospatial planning and working memory. Participants also received a computerized control test of spatial memory-span. In addition, the interviewer's initial impressions of family members were coded using a new 33-item questionnaire. Results. A significant proportion of parents of autistic children (especially fathers) showed impaired executive function. By contrast, parents did as well as both comparison groups on a control test of spatial span, and on other ‘non-executive’ measures from the tasks, indicating that the autism group were as able and motivated as comparison groups. Interestingly, impairment of executive function was significantly correlated with the interviewer's pre-test impression of social abnormality among parents of autistic children. Conclusions. The hypothesis that a significant proportion of parents of autistic children show impaired executive function was supported. Parents showed good memory ability, but relatively poor planning skills and attentional flexibility. The extent to which this is an inherent trait in family members, rather than a reflection of the difficulties involved in caring for an autistic child, remains to be examined.
Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia in a patient with Wegener’s granulomatosis treated efficiently with caspofungin

A patient with Wegener’s granulomatosis was on steroids (20 mg prednisolone per day) when he fell ill with an atypical pneumonia caused by Pneumocystis, which was diagnosed by detection of antigen in repeated bronchial lavage specimens. Because other treatment options were contraindicated, he received intravenous caspofungin starting with a loading dose of 70 mg and a maintenance dose of 50 mg daily over 3 weeks thereafter. The patient’s complaints subsequently resolved within days after initiation of treatment. Tolerability of the drug was excellent. No relapse occurred during the ongoing 4 years, although immunosuppressive therapy continued.
Considering Nancy Fraser's Notion of Social Justice for Social Work: Reflections on Misframing and the Lives of Refugees in South Africa

This article explores the implications of cross-border migration for social work's normative commitment to social justice. Specifically, it interrogates Nancy Fraser's conceptualisation of social justice in guiding social work practice with refugees. The paper is grounded in an ethnographic study conducted from 2008 to 2009 in a South African church which had provided shelter to a group of refugees following their displacement by an outbreak of xenophobic violence. The study's findings reveal that various kinds of misframing created multiple forms of voicelessness amongst its foreign participants. These filtered out to justify, perpetuate and deepen other types of injustice, particularly misrecognition and maldistribution. There was some evidence of resistance, solidarity, recognition and small acts of redistribution. However, such positive practices proved difficult to sustain. The paper confirms the central importance of the notion of misframing for conceptualising and responding to social injustice in the absence of citizenship—as required of practitioners in the field of social work with refugees and indeed other groups rendered vulnerable within current economic, social, political and cultural constellations. In this regard, Fraser's contribution looks set to enrich social work's commitment to social justice both in normative and practical terms.
A School-Based Intervention Designed to Reduce the Frequency of Tics in Children with Tourette's Syndrome

Abstract The study used an A/B/B+C multiple baseline design across individuals with a follow up to examine the effects of a two-component treatment package composed of habit reversal and self-modeling to reduce the frequency of tics in 4 school-age students diagnosed with Tourette's Syndrome. The students were taught competing responses to their multiple tics. Subsequently, they viewed themselves on three 5-minute edited videotapes displaying non-tic behaviors. Three of the 4 students showed substantial decreases in their tics, which were maintained during a 5-to 10-week follow up. The fourth student showed only mild decreases in tics.
Religious conservatism: an evolutionarily evoked disease-avoidance strategy

Abstract Issues of purity and symbolic cleansing (e.g., baptism) play an important role in most religions, especially Christianity. The purpose of the current research was to provide an evolutionary framework for understanding the role of disgust in religiosity, which may help elucidate the relationship between religious conservatism and non-proscribed prejudice (e.g., prejudice toward sexual minorities). The behavioral immune system (BIS) is a cluster of psychological mechanisms (e.g., disgust) that encourage disease-avoidance (Schaller, 2006). Out-group members have historically been a source of contamination. Consequently, evidence suggests that the BIS predicts negative attitudes toward out-groups (Faulkner, Schaller, Park, & Duncan, 2004). The purpose of the current research is to investigate whether religious conservatism mediates the relationship between the BIS and prejudice toward sexual minorities. Study 1 demonstrated that the disease-avoidant components of disgust (e.g., sexual and pathogen disgust), but not moral disgust, were positively correlated with religious conservatism. Additionally, the data supported a model in which religious conservatism mediated the relationship between disgust and prejudice toward homosexuals. In Study 2, the correlations and mediation model were replicated with a more diverse sample and different measures. The current research suggests that religious conservatism may be in part an evolutionarily evoked disease-avoidance strategy.
Mobile phone text messaging overuse among developing world university students

Abstract Mobile phone text messaging often is more affordable than voice messaging in the developing world. Its similarity to instant messaging and other Internet synchronous communication technologies suggests that overuse and addiction-like tendencies might be found among users, as has been identified with similar technology applications. Symptoms related to components of addiction diagnoses were found to be prevalent among 21respondents to a survey, all of whom completed questionnaires at the University of Mauritius. Between 6% and 11% of respondents showed symptoms of addiction related to tolerance, withdrawal, displacement of attention to school or work, and the inability to diminish use. Displacement of people was common among a higher percentage of respondents. The number of messages sent, and the perceived skill at using SMS technology were significant predictors of the number of addiction criteria exhibited by respondents. Among the small percentage who revealed symptoms of addiction, usage of text messaging was double to triple that found in most of the rest of the population sample studied. While gender had been shown to be a predictor of overuse tendencies in past studies, no gender differences were found for addiction measures, but males were heavier users of text messaging than females.
Power and Rate Control Outage Based in CDMA Wireless Networks under MAI and Heterogeneous Traffic Sources

We characterize the maximum throughput achievable for the up-link of a power-controlled WCDMA wireless system with variable spreading factor. Our system model includes multi access interference caused by users with heterogeneous data sources, and quality of service expressed in terms of outage probability. Inner loop and outer loop power control mechanisms are also explicitly taken into account. We express the system throughput as the sum of the users transmission rates, and propose a mixed integer optimization program where the objective function is the sum of the rates under outage probability constraints. Then, we solve the optimization problem proposing an efficient optimal approach based on two steps: firstly, a modified problem provides feasible solutions, and then the optimal solution is obtained with branch and bound criteria. Numerical results confirm the validity of our approach, and show how the throughput depends on the power control fluctuation, activity of the sources, and quality of service.
Turkish teachers’ accounts of moral dilemmas in early childhood settings

In all, 26 Turkish early childhood educators were asked to describe a moral dilemma they faced in their classroom, the circumstances that made the situation a dilemma, and why it was a moral dilemma. The dilemmas described arose from conflicts between teachers and children, teachers and parents, and teachers and administrators. Dilemmas described by experienced teachers did not differ from those of described by inexperienced teachers. Dilemmas between teachers and students reflected teachers’ caring for students, while dilemmas between teachers and parents, and teachers and administrators reflected power struggles. When asked why the dilemmas were moral in nature, the teachers’ responses were categorized into five areas of concern. These are a concern for children’s development, children’s needs, children’s feelings, fairness, and honesty. Results are compared with studies conducted in the West. Implications for future research are presented.
Pancreatic Islet and Stellate Cells Are the Main Sources of Endocrine Gland-Derived Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor/Prokineticin-1 in Pancreatic Cancer

Aims: Endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor (EG-VEGF)/prokineticins have been identified as tissue-specific angiogenic factors. This study investigates the expression and localization of EG-VEGF and its receptors in pancreatic tissues and pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs). Methods: mRNA levels of EG-VEGF/prokineticin 1 (PK1), prokineticin 2 (PK2) and their receptors 1 (PKR1) and 2 (PKR2) were measured in pancreatic tissues, pancreatic cancer cell lines and PSCs by quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (QRT-PCR). Protein expression of PK1, PKR1 and PKR2 was assessed in pancreatic tissues by immunohistochemistry. Growth factor-induced secretion of EG-VEGF was measured by ELISA. Results: QRT-PCR analysis in bulk tissues of normal pancreas, chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma showed no significant difference of PK1 mRNA levels, whereas PK2 mRNA was barely detectable. High PK1 mRNA levels were observed only in cultured PSCs and microdissected islet cells, but not in cancer cells, and PK1 protein was localized mainly in islets and cancer-associated stromal cells. PKR1 and PKR2 proteins were present in endothelial cells of small blood vessels. TGF-β1 and PDGF-BB specifically stimulated PK1 secretion in PSCs. Conclusions: Islet and/or PSC-derived PK1 might act through its receptors on endothelial cells to increase angiogenesis in pancreatic diseases.
Rational Exuberance ∗

Consider the postage stamp. As title to a future good (or, in this case, service) with monetary value, this humble object is essentially the same as a security. Its value, 37 cents, can be identiÞed with the present value of the service (delivery of a letter) to which its owner is entitled. Now consider a postage stamp with a minor printing error that excites stamp collectors interest. Because of the printing error the stamp now has a value of $1000. The increase in value can be ascribed to increased value of the services the stamp provides only if collectors derive pleasure from looking at the printing error on the stamp. Barring such a farfetched argument, one must conclude that the fundamental value of the stamp remains 37 cents. The remainder of its value constitutes a bubble (deÞning here a bubble as the price of an asset minus the present value of its future payoff). This argument establishes beyond reasonable doubt that bubbles exist. As regards collectibles generally, it is easiest to argue that their values reßect bubbles rather than fundamental values when the objects in question clearly have no aesthetic value whatsoever, as with misprinted postage stamps. With Þne art the argument is less straightforward: someone who prefers Monet to Andy Warhol might argue that the values of Monets paintings reßect their aesthetic value, whereas those of Andy Warhols paintings reßect bubbles. Even here, however, the fact that a Monet forgery that is undetectable except to an expertand therefore presumably has the same aesthetic value as an original to anyone who is not an experthas negligible monetary value argues that the value of a Monet original is a bubble, just as with the misprinted postage stamp. Its value derives primarily from its scarcity, and only secondarily from its aesthetic value. ∗Apologies to Alan Greenspan, whose famous 1996 speech raised the possibility of irrational exuberance in the stock market, and to Robert J. Shiller, who developed the idea in his book [65] of the same name. I have received comments from Christian Gilles and Douglas Steigerwald.