Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differential Sensitivity and Mechanism of Inhibition of COX-2 Oxygenation of Arachidonic Acid and 2-Arachidonoylglycerol by Ibuprofen and Mefenamic Acid†

Ibuprofen and mefenamic acid are weak, competitive inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) oxygenation of arachidonic acid (AA) but potent, noncompetitive inhibitors of 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) oxygenation. The slow, tight-binding inhibitor, indomethacin, is a potent inhibitor of 2-AG and AA oxygenation whereas the rapidly reversible inhibitor, 2′-des-methylindomethacin, is a potent inhibitor of 2-AG oxygenation but a poor inhibitor of AA oxygenation. These observations are consistent with a model in which inhibitors bind in one subunit of COX-2 and inhibit 2-AG binding in the other subunit of the homodimeric protein. In contrast, ibuprofen and mefenamate must bind in both subunits to inhibit AA binding.
Ethical learning: releasing the moral unicorn

The reality of bounded ethicality is that ethical perfection is psychologically infeasible, resulting in a gap between one’s ethical self-view and one’s actual behavior. We offer a framework for addressing this gap and improving ethical behavior. Integrating research about ethical decision-making with research about the self, we argue that self-threat is a pervasive obstacle to improving ethical behavior, particularly in organizational environments. We introduce the concept of ethical learning, defined as the active engagement in efforts to close the gap between one’s self-view and one’s actual behavior. We define ethical learners as those engaged in closing this gap, who tend to possess a central moral identity (they care about being ethical), psychological literacy (an awareness that a gap exists), and a growth mindset (the belief that purposeful effort can improve ethical behavior). We also describe an important team-level condition for translating ethical learning into improvements in ethical behavior: psychological safety (the belief that the team is a safe place for learning from failure). Our framework of ethical learning provides both individuals and organizations with a new approach to addressing bounded ethicality and improving ethical behavior.
Changes of Wilkins Ice Shelf over the past 15 years and inferences on its stability

Abstract. The Wilkins Ice Shelf is situated on the Antarctic Peninsula, a region where seven ice shelves disintegrated or retreated between 1995 and 2002. This study combines various remote sensing datasets from Wilkins Ice Shelf, with the aim of detecting its present and recent dynamics as well as recent changes. The survey includes structural mapping, ERS-1/2 SAR interferometry and analysis of ICESat GLAS ice surface elevation data. Ice front retreat rates from 1986 to 2008 showed several distinct break-up events, including one in February 2008, when 40% of a part of the ice shelf that connected two islands broke off. Surface elevations have been used to study tidal effects, crack formation and to estimate the ice thickness over the floating area. The derived interferometric velocities cover the south-eastern part of the ice shelf as well as major tributaries and reveal maximum inflow speeds of up to 330 m a−1. We show that drainage of melt ponds into crevasses were of no relevance for the break-up at Wilkins Ice Shelf. Buoyancy forces caused rift formation before the break-up in February 2008. Additionally, the evolution of failure zones of the order of tenths of kilometres in length in pre-conditioned locations at ice rises is shown. Investigation of the current (February 2009) situation shows that about 3100 km2 at the Northern Wilkins Ice Shelf are endangered, however, there is no visible signature that the remaining 8000 km2 are at risk.
Problemas Emocionales y Comportamentales en Niños Adoptados y No Adoptados Emotional and Behavioral Problems in Adopted and Non-Adopted Children

The aim of this paper is to determine whether adopted children are more likely to have emotional or behavioral problems than non-adopted children. Emotional and behav - ioral problems were investigated in a sample of children aged 7 to 16. There were three comparison groups of non-adopted children. The results indicate that adopted children show, on average, more problems of this type than their peers. The biggest problems are expressed by children in residential foster care, with other adopted children in an interme - diate position. In addition, in general, boys manifest greater problems than girls; but the problems of adopted girls are greater than would be generally expected for their gender. Finally, there are no differences between children of primary education or secondary educa - tion age. Additional research examining the variability in the group of adopted children is warranted.
Influence of Lower Limb Clinical Physical Measurements of Female Athletes on Knee Motion During Continuous Jump Testing

Objectives: To assess the relationship between dynamic knee motion in female athletes during landing after jumping and lower limb clinical physical measurements, considered risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. We proposed that (1) knee valgus and flexion angles during landing are correlated with clinical physical measurements; (2) combining these measurements enables prediction of the knee valgus and flexion angles during landing. Methods: Sixty-one female collegiate basketball athletes performed a continuous jump test; the peak knee valgus and flexion angles were measured. The Q-angle, the ranges of motion (ROMs) of hip internal rotation (IR) and external rotation (ER), as well as ankle dorsiflexion (DF), navicular drop, leg-heel alignment, and balance ability as assessed by the Star Excursion Balance Test (SEBT) were measured. Stepwise linear regression analyses were used to assess whether these factors can predict the peak knee valgus or flexion angle. Results: Increased ROM of hip IR and navicular drop predicted 7.9% of the peak knee valgus angle variance. Increased ROMs of ankle DF and hip IR, navicular drop, and anterior balance predicted 29.0% of the peak knee flexion angle variance. The knee valgus and flexion angles during the continuous jump test were slightly correlated with clinical physical measurements. Conclusions: Proximal and distal joint alignment and balance ability influence knee motion during landing. The relationship between knee motion during landing and these factors is weak; therefore, lower limb movement during landing is almost independent of clinical physical measurements, and knee movement should be evaluated by itself.
Analysis of a Compositional Model for Fluid Flow in Porous Media

In this paper we consider a compositional model for three-phase multicomponent fluid flow in porous media. This model consists of Darcy's law for volumetric flow velocities, mass conservation for hydrocarbon components, thermodynamic equilibrium for mass interchange between phases, and an equation of state for saturations. These differential equations and algebraic constraints are rewritten in terms of various formulations of the pressure and component-conservation equations. Phase, weighted fluid, global, and pseudoglobal pressure and component-conservation formulations are analyzed. A numerical scheme based on the mixed finite element method for the pressure equation and the Eulerian--Lagrangian localized adjoint method for the component-conservation equations is developed. Numerical results are reported to show the behavior of the solution to the compositional model and to investigate the performance of the proposed numerical scheme.
Accelerating Large-scale Image Retrieval on Heterogeneous Architectures with Spark

Apache Spark is a general-purpose cluster computing system for big data processing and has drawn much attention recently from several fields, such as pattern recognition, machine learning and so on. Unlike MapReduce, Spark is especially suitable for iterative and interactive computations. With the computing power of Spark, a utility library, referred to as IRlib, is proposed in this work to accelerate large-scale image retrieval applications by jointly harnessing the power of GPU. Similar to the built-in machine learning library of Spark, namely MLlib, IRlib fits into the Spark APIs and benefits from the powerful functionalities of Spark. The main contributions of IRlib lie in two-folds. First, IRlib provides a uniform set of APIs for the programming of image retrieval applications. Second, the computational performance of Spark equipped with multiple GPUs is dramatically boosted by developing high performance modules for common image retrieval related algorithms. Comparative experiments concerning large-scale image retrieval are carried out to demonstrate the significant performance improvement achieved by IRlib as compared with single CPU thread implementation as well as Spark without GPUs employed.
Regulation, bank competitiveness, and episodes of missing money

John Duca reviews three episodes of "missing money," periods during which one of the monetary aggregates was unusually weak. Duca finds that in each of these episodes, an increased regulatory burden on banks encouraged households and firms to bypass the banking system in favor of nonbank financial liabilities and assets. Using a standard analytical framework, he shows how these shifts by investors can lead to cases of missing money and declines in banks' role in providing credit. Duca further shows that increases in bank regulatory burden can create potential problems for analysts in using either interest rates or real-time monetary aggregates as indicators of nominal economic activity. Given these findings, Duca argues that because regulatory changes have implications for conducting monetary policy, the Federal Reserve should continue to have a role in formulating bank regulations.
Some Notions, Stories, and Tales about Music and Education in Society: The Coin's other Side

I want to thank the MENC Society for Research in Music Education (SRME) for inviting me to speak this afternoon, especially the chair of the SRME Executive Committee, Wendy Sims. It is a pleasure to be here.1 The first invitation I ever received to speak about something not based strictly on research data and findings came from Mark Fonder, who asked me to speak at the Ithaca College School of Music's centennial celebration in 1992. I said some things at that symposium that I knew in advance some people would not agree with or like. I stretched further in my "Key Focus" address at the 1996 MENC convention in Kansas City.2 After that talk, I asked Charles Schmidt if he thought I had been too hard on our music education historians. Chuck said in that sweet way of his: "No, I think you took care of everyone today. " It is difficult to avoid offending people with data-based presentations. It is impossible to do so in an address like this, at least for me. Nevertheless, I am not going to apologize for offending people today because the SRME leaders invited me to say what I want to say. I am going to talk about several things that relate to attitudes toward music and music education, attitudes held by society in general
Phylogeny, Divergence Time Estimates, and Phylogeography of the Diploid Species of the Polypodium vulgare Complex (Polypodiaceae)

Abstract The Polypodium vulgare complex (Polypodiaceae) comprises a well-studied group of fern taxa whose members are cryptically differentiated morphologically and have generated a confusing and highly reticulate species cluster. Once considered a single species spanning much of northern Eurasia and North America, P. vulgare has been segregated into 17 diploid and polyploid taxa as a result of cytotaxonomic work, hybridization experiments, and isozyme studies conducted during the 20th century. Despite considerable effort, however, the evolutionary relationships among the diploid members of the P. vulgare complex remain poorly resolved. Here we infer a diploids-only phylogeny of the P. vulgare complex and related species to test previous hypotheses concerning relationships within Polypodium sensu stricto. Using sequence data from four plastid loci (atpA, rbcL, matK, and trnG-trnR), we recovered a monophyletic P. vulgare complex comprising four well-supported clades. The P. vulgare complex is resolved as sister to the Neotropical P. plesiosorum group and these, in turn, are sister to the Asian endemic Pleurosoriopsis makinoi. Using divergence time analyses incorporating previously derived age constraints and fossil data, we estimate an early Miocene origin for the P. vulgare complex and a late Miocene-Pliocene origin for the four major diploid lineages of the complex, with the majority of extant diploid species diversifying from the late Miocene through the Pleistocene. Finally, we use our node age estimates to reassess previous hypotheses, and to propose new hypotheses, about the historical events that shaped the diversity and current geographic distribution of the diploid species of the P. vulgare complex.
DYNAMIC USE OF LOCKING CACHES IN MULTITASK, PREEMPTIVE REAL-TIME SYSTEMS

In multitask, preemptive real-time systems, the use of cache memories makes estimating the response time of tasks difficult, due to the dynamic, adaptive and non-predictable behaviour of cache memories. This work presents a comprehensive method for attaining predictability on the use of caches in real-time systems through the use of locking caches, which ensure cache contents will remain unchanged during the execution of each task. Nowadays, locking caches are present in several commercial processors. In order to select the contents to be locked in cache, a genetic algorithm has been developed. Experimental results indicate that this scheme has a high level of predictability, and that the performance loss is negligible for around 70% of the tasks. Copyright © 2002 IFAC
Structure of the nuclease subunit of human mitochondrial RNase P

Mitochondrial RNA polymerase produces long polycistronic precursors that contain the mRNAs, rRNAs and tRNAs needed for mitochondrial translation. Mitochondrial RNase P (mt-RNase P) initiates the maturation of the precursors by cleaving at the 5′ ends of the tRNAs. Human mt-RNase P is only active as a tripartite complex (mitochondrial RNase P proteins 1–3; MRPP1-3), whereas plant and trypanosomal RNase Ps (PRORPs)—albeit homologous to MRPP3—are active as single proteins. The reason for this discrepancy has so far remained obscure. Here, we present the crystal structure of human MRPP3, which features a remarkably distorted and hence non-productive active site that we propose will switch to a fully productive state only upon association with MRPP1, MRPP2 and pre-tRNA substrate. We suggest a mechanism in which MRPP1 and MRPP2 both deliver the pre-tRNA substrate and activate MRPP3 through an induced-fit process.
Tracking human motion in an indoor environment

This paper presents an approach to tracking human motion in a sequence of monocular images. The process consists of detecting motion, segmenting moving subjects by recovering the background and, finally, tracking the subject of interest. The usual assumptions of small image motion, a fixed viewing system and constant velocity are systematically relaxed. Two cases are studied: (1) a viewing system with negligible motion, and (2) a viewing system with non-negligible motion.
On european Portuguese automatic syllabification

This paper presents three methods for dividing European Portuguese (EP) words into syllables, two of them handling graphemes as input, the other processing phone sequences. All three try to incorporate linguistic knowledge about EP syllable structure, but in different degrees. Experimental results showed, for the best method, percentage of correctly recognized syllable boundaries above 99.5 %, and comparable word accuracy. The much simpler finite state transducer based method also achieved a good performance, making it suitable for applications more interested in speed and memory footprint. Being syllabification an essential component of many speech and language processing systems, proposed methods can be useful to researchers working with the EP language.
Acute gastroenteritis and enteric viruses in hospitalised children in southern Brazil: aetiology, seasonality and clinical outcomes

Viral acute gastroenteritis (AG) is a significant cause of hospitalisation in children younger than five years. Group A rotavirus (RVA) is responsible for 30% of these cases. Following the introduction of RVA immunisation in Brazil in 2006, a decreased circulation of this virus has been observed. However, AG remains an important cause of hospitalisation of paediatric patients and only limited data are available regarding the role of other enteric viruses in these cases. We conducted a prospective study of paediatric patients hospitalised for AG. Stool samples were collected to investigate human adenovirus (HAdV), RVA, norovirus (NoV) and astrovirus (AstV). NoV typing was performed by nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. From the 225 samples tested, 60 (26%) were positive for at least one viral agent. HAdV, NoV, RVA and AstV were detected in 16%, 8%, 6% and 0% of the samples, respectively. Mixed infections were found in nine patients: HAdV/RVA (5), HAdV/NoV (3) and HAdV/NoV/RVA (1). The frequency of fever and lymphocytosis was significantly higher in virus-infected patients. Phylogenetic analysis of NoV indicated that all of these viruses belonged to genotype GII.4. The significant frequency of these pathogens in patients with AG highlights the need to routinely implement laboratory investigations.
Risk factors for suspected developmental delay at age 2 years in a Brazilian birth cohort

de Moura DR, Costa JC, Santos IS, Barros AJD, Matijasevich A, Halpern R, Dumith S, Karam S, Barros FC. Risk factors for suspected developmental delay at age 2 years in a Brazilian birth cohort. Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology 2010; 24: 211–221. Many children are at risk of not achieving their full potential for development. Epidemiological studies have the advantage of being able to identify a number of associated factors potentially amenable to intervention. Our purpose was to identify risk factors for suspected developmental delay (SDD) at age 2 years among all children born in the city of Pelotas, Brazil, in 2004. This study was part of the 2004 Pelotas Birth Cohort. The Battelle Screening Developmental Inventory (BSDI) was administered to cohort children at age 2 years. A hierarchical model of determination for SDD with confounder adjustment was built including maternal sociodemographic, reproductive and gestational characteristics, as well as child and environmental characteristics. Multivariable analysis was carried out using Poisson regression. Prevalence ratios (PR) and 95% confidence intervals [95% CI] were calculated. In the results, 3.3% of the 3869 children studied screened positive for SDD. After confounder control, children more likely to show SDD were: those with positive BSDI at age 12 months (PR = 5.51 [3.59, 8.47]); with 5-min Apgar <7 (PR = 3.52 [1.70, 7.27]); with mothers who had <4 years of schooling (PR = 3.35 [1.98, 5.66]); from social classes D and E (PR = 3.00 [1.45, 6.19]); with a history of gestational diabetes (PR = 2.77 [1.34, 5.75]); born <24 months after the last sibling (PR = 2.46 [1.42, 4.27]); were not told child stories in the preceding week (PR 2.28 [1.43, 3.63]); did not have children's literature at home (PR = 2.08 [1.27, 3.39]); with low birthweight (PR = 1.75 [1.00, 3.07]); were born preterm (PR = 1.74 [1.07, 2.81]); with <6 antenatal care appointments (PR = 1.70 [1.07, 2.68]); with history of hospitalisation (PR = 1.65 [1.09, 2.50]); and of male sex (PR = 1.43 [1.00, 2.04]). These risk factors may constitute potential targets for intervention by public policies and may provide help to paediatricians in preventing developmental delay.
Schema strength, processing opportunity, and the rewarding nature of incongruity resolution in advertising

Extant literature calls for more research to identify the boundary conditions as well as the process underlying the effects of ad messages that violate specific brand beliefs. This paper examines different levels of ad–brand incongruity, considering brand schema strength and processing opportunity as factors that influence the perception and the resolution of incongruity. Moreover, it provides empirical evidence for the process mediating attitudinal responses to ad–brand incongruity. Experiment 1 shows superiority for moderately incongruent ads over congruent and extremely incongruent ads which is eliminated when participants have a weak, as opposed to a strong, brand schema. Experiment 2 replicates the nonmonotonic pattern for strong, real brands but further shows that low processing opportunity favors congruent ads. Mediation analysis reveals that the psychological satisfaction experienced during the ad interpretation process has an asymmetric mediating effect, such that moderate levels of ad–brand incongruity generate highest levels of satisfaction which then leads to more positive responses.
Firm’s Information Environment and Stock Liquidity: Evidence from Tunisian Context

This paper analyzes the relationship between public disclosure, private information and stock liquidity in Tunisian context using a sample of 41 listed firms in the Tunis Stock Exchange in 2007. First, we find no evidence that there is a relation between public and private information. Second, Tunisian investors do not trust the information disclosed in both annual reports and web sites, consequently it has no effects on stock liquidity, in contrast with private information.
Physical Properties of Fruit and Seeds Ingested by Primate Seed Predators with Emphasis on Sakis and Bearded Sakis

Several primate radiations exhibit dental adaptations that enable them to gain access to seeds embedded in well‐protected fruit. To a database drawn from published sources in which hardness of fruit and seeds were tested in the field, we added an additional 100+ species of plants used as resources by pitheciin primates (specifically, South American white‐faced sakis (Pithecia pithecia) and bearded sakis (Chiropotes spp.). This sample allowed us to compare hardness of fruit and seeds and deduce the relative incisive and masticatory capability of several primate taxa (New World monkeys, Old World monkeys, prosimians and chimpanzees). Pitheciins have very well developed and highly modified anterior dentition that they use in gaining access to mechanically‐protected fruit. In addition, their molars bear thin, but decussated enamel that protects the tooth enamel from crack proliferation. The ability of sakis (Chiropotes spp. and Pithecia pithecia) to open fruit orally was comparable to larger‐bodied Old World seed predators—Lophocebus and Cercocebus. But, baboons and chimpanzees masticate seeds that are two to three orders of magnitude harder than sakis or mangabeys. In spite of their puncture abilities, ∼40% of foods ingested by pitheciins were in the range of a ripe fruit eater (Ateles paniscus). This raises the possibility that pitheciins exemplify Liem's paradox, that is, “that phenotypic specialization [is] not accompanied by ecological specialization” (Robinson and Wilson, 1998:224). Last, we examined the possibility that seeds may serve as fallback resources for primate seed predators. While pericarp hardness may vary seasonally for some seed predators (e.g., mangabeys), our data on bearded sakis and white‐faced sakis suggest that seeds are their primary resources year round and pericarp hardness is unrelated to seasonal variation in rainfall. Pitheciins evolved specialized dentition that affords them access to relatively abundant and high‐quality resources, a feeding strategy that results in minimal variation in resource availability seasonally. Anat Rec, , 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.