Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The association of depression, risky sexual behaviours and herpes simplex virus type 2 in adults in NHANES, 2005–2008

Objectives Depression has been linked to risky sexual behaviours in adolescents, but there is little research among adults. The goal of this analysis was to examine the associations between current depression and self-reported risky sexual behaviours in a nationally representative sample of US adults aged 20–59 years. The authors also examined the association between depression and infection with herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2), a biological marker of risky sexual behaviours. Methods The authors used data from the 2005–2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Current depression was measured by the Patient Health Questionnaire-9. Antibodies to HSV-2 were tested using the enzymatic immunodot assay. The authors used logistic regression to examine the associations controlling for socio-demographic variables. Results Among 5273 adults aged 20–59 years, 7% had depression, 36% reported 10 or more lifetime sex partners, 15% had two or more past-year sex partners and 13% had first sex before 15 years of age. Persons with each of the risky sexual behaviours were more likely to have depression than those without. In stratified analyses, risky sexual behaviours were associated with depression in women but not in men. Among 3940 adults aged 20–49 years, 19% had HSV-2 infection. Persons with HSV-2 infection were more likely to have depression (OR 2.1, 95% CI 1.5 to 2.9). Conclusions Risky sexual behaviour is related to current depression in adult women. Healthcare providers should be aware of this association and its potential implications in order to deliver better care for patients with depression or sexually transmitted infections.
A Conceptual Framework for Sequential Organizational Technology Adoption with Dynamic Goal and Action Portfolios

This research endeavors to integrate theory from several research streams in order to propose a framework for research into the common situation where organizations make sequential decisions with multiple relevant goals and multiple possible actions where the goals, actions, and decision context display dynamic characteristics in relation to environmental and decision contexts. Goal-driven decision-making for technology adoption decisions has been largely overlooked with a few notable exceptions. Social psychology and consumer-behavior research streams are integrated with traditional technology adoption concepts to yield a holistic framework.
Job attributes: Preferences compared with reasons given for accepting and rejecting job offers

Applicants of a large chemical company completed an adapted Job Preferences Form (Jurgensen, 1978) and, after making a job offer decision, indicated the importance of the same attributes in their decision to accept or reject the offer. This study investigated which job attributes applicants reported they preferred in a job, which attributes applicants indicated influenced their job offer decision, and whether the preferred attributes actually were important in the job offer decision. The majority of applicants ranked type of work as the most preferred job attribute. There were differences, however, in the reasons applicants gave for accepting or rejecting the job offer. Specifically, the job was rejected because of the location and accepted because of the type of work. A comparison of job attribute preferences with the importance of those attributes in the employment decision suggested that preferences were more similar to reasons given for accepting than for rejecting the job. Finally, the implications of the finding that applicants accept and reject jobs for different reasons were discussed, and it was suggested that applicants may be using a non-compensatory decision process.
Advances in Corticosteroid Therapy for Ocular Inflammation: Loteprednol Etabonate

Topical corticosteroids are effective in reducing anterior segment inflammation but are associated with adverse drug reactions (ADRs) including elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) and cataract formation. Retrometabolic drug design has advanced the development of new corticosteroids with improved therapeutic indices. Engineered from prednisolone, loteprednol etabonate (LE) has a 17α-chloromethyl ester, in lieu of a ketone group, and a 17β-etabonate group. LE is highly lipophilic and binds with high affinity to the glucocorticoid receptor; any unbound LE is metabolized to inactive metabolites. LE has been studied in several anterior segment inflammatory conditions (giant papillary conjunctivitis, allergic conjunctivitis, anterior uveitis, and keratoconjunctivitis sicca), and in postoperative ocular inflammation and pain. Combined with tobramycin, it is effective in blepharokeratoconjunctivitis. Elevations in IOP are infrequent with LE, and the absence of a C-20 ketone precludes formation of Schiff base intermediates with lens proteins, a common first step implicated in cataract formation with ketone steroids.
Measuring Individual Differences in the Perfect Automation Schema

Objective A self-report measure of the perfect automation schema (PAS) is developed and tested. Background Researchers have hypothesized that the extent to which users possess a PAS is associated with greater decreases in trust after users encounter automation errors. However, no measure of the PAS currently exists. We developed a self-report measure assessing two proposed PAS factors: high expectations and all-or-none thinking about automation performance. Method In two studies, participants responded to our PAS measure, interacted with imperfect automated aids, and reported trust. Results Each of the two PAS measure factors demonstrated fit to the hypothesized factor structure and convergent and discriminant validity when compared with propensity to trust machines and trust in a specific aid. However, the high expectations and all-or-none thinking scales showed low intercorrelations and differential relationships with outcomes, suggesting that they might best be considered two separate constructs rather than two subfactors of the PAS. All-or-none thinking had significant associations with decreases in trust following aid errors, whereas high expectations did not. Results therefore suggest that the all-or-none thinking scale may best represent the PAS construct. Conclusion Our PAS measure (specifically, the all-or-none thinking scale) significantly predicted the severe trust decreases thought to be associated with high PAS. Further, it demonstrated acceptable psychometric properties across two samples. Application This measure may be used in future work to assess levels of PAS in users of automated systems in either research or applied settings.
Multiscale Free Energy Simulations: An Efficient Method for Connecting Classical MD Simulations to QM or QM/MM Free Energies Using Non-Boltzmann Bennett Reweighting Schemes

The reliability of free energy simulations (FES) is limited by two factors: (a) the need for correct sampling and (b) the accuracy of the computational method employed. Classical methods (e.g., force fields) are typically used for FES and present a myriad of challenges, with parametrization being a principle one. On the other hand, parameter-free quantum mechanical (QM) methods tend to be too computationally expensive for adequate sampling. One widely used approach is a combination of methods, where the free energy difference between the two end states is computed by, e.g., molecular mechanics (MM), and the end states are corrected by more accurate methods, such as QM or hybrid QM/MM techniques. Here we report two new approaches that significantly improve the aforementioned scheme; with a focus on how to compute corrections between, e.g., the MM and the more accurate QM calculations. First, a molecular dynamics trajectory that properly samples relevant conformational degrees of freedom is generated. Next, potential energies of each trajectory frame are generated with a QM or QM/MM Hamiltonian. Free energy differences are then calculated based on the QM or QM/MM energies using either a non-Boltzmann Bennett approach (QM-NBB) or non-Boltzmann free energy perturbation (NB-FEP). Both approaches are applied to calculate relative and absolute solvation free energies in explicit and implicit solvent environments. Solvation free energy differences (relative and absolute) between ethane and methanol in explicit solvent are used as the initial test case for QM-NBB. Next, implicit solvent methods are employed in conjunction with both QM-NBB and NB-FEP to compute absolute solvation free energies for 21 compounds. These compounds range from small molecules such as ethane and methanol to fairly large, flexible solutes, such as triacetyl glycerol. Several technical aspects were investigated. Ultimately some best practices are suggested for improving methods that seek to connect MM to QM (or QM/MM) levels of theory in FES.
Transfers, Diversification and Household Risk Strategies: Experimental Evidence with Lessons for Climate Change Adaptation

While climate change is likely to increase weather risks in many developing countries, there is little evidence on effective policies to facilitate adaptation. This paper presents experimental evidence on a program in rural Nicaragua aimed at improving households' risk-management through income diversification. The intervention targeted agricultural households exposed to weather shocks related to changes in rainfall and temperature patterns. It combined a conditional cash transfer with vocational training or a productive investment grant. The authors identify the relative impact of each complementary package based on randomized assignment, and analyze how impacts vary by exposure to exogenous drought shocks. The results show that both complementary interventions provide full protection against drought shocks two years after the end of the intervention. Households that received the productive investment grant also had higher average consumption levels. The complementary interventions led to diversification of economic activities and better protection from shocks compared to beneficiaries of the basic conditional cash transfer and control households. These results show that combining safety nets with productive interventions can help households manage future weather risks and promote longer-term program impacts.
The Motherhood Constellation

The Clinical System In Parent-Infant Psychotherapy * An Overview of the Clinical Situation * The Parents Representational World * The Parents Representations Enacted * The Parent-Infant Interaction * The Nature and Formation of the Infants Representations * The Infants Representations Viewed Clinically * The Therapist Therapeutic Approaches In Parent-Infant Psychotherapy And Their Common * Approaches That Aim to Change the Parents Representation * Approaches That Aim to Change the Interactive Behaviors * Commonalities Among the Different Approaches Synthesis * The Motherhood Constellation * Some Wider Implications for Other Clinical Situations
Purulent Pericarditis with Greenish Pericardial Effusion Caused by Shewanella algae

ABSTRACT We report the first case of purulent pericarditis with greenish pericardial effusion caused by Shewanella algae in a patient with gastric and gallbladder cancer. This case expands the reported spectrum of infection caused by S. algae and raises the possibility that S. algae is a causative pathogen for purulent pericarditis.
Dynamic Rendering of the Heterogeneous Cell Response to Anticancer Treatments

The antiproliferative response to anticancer treatment is the result of concurrent responses in all cell cycle phases, extending over several cell generations, whose complexity is not captured by current methods. In the proposed experimental/computational approach, the contemporary use of time-lapse live cell microscopy and flow cytometric data supported the computer rendering of the proliferative process through the cell cycle and subsequent generations during/after treatment. The effects of treatments were modelled with modules describing the functional activity of the main pathways causing arrest, repair and cell death in each phase. A framework modelling environment was created, enabling us to apply different types of modules in each phase and test models at the complexity level justified by the available data. We challenged the method with time-course measures taken in parallel with flow cytometry and time-lapse live cell microscopy in X-ray-treated human ovarian cancer cells, spanning a wide range of doses. The most suitable model of the treatment, including the dose-response of each effect, was progressively built, combining modules with a rational strategy and fitting simultaneously all data of different doses and platforms. The final model gave for the first time the complete rendering in silico of the cycling process following X-ray exposure, providing separate and quantitative measures of the dose-dependence of G1, S and G2M checkpoint activities in subsequent generations, reconciling known effects of ionizing radiations and new insights in a unique scenario.
PENINGKATAN KECERDASAN INTERPERSONAL DAN INTRAPERSONAL MELALUI KEGIATAN BERMAIN KONSTRUKTIF DALAM PEMBELAJARAN ANAK USIA DINI

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menanyakan apakah penerapan pendekatan bermain konstruktif dapat meningkatkan kecerdasan interpersonal dan intrapersonal pada anak usia dini. Metode yang digunakan adalah penelitian tindakan kelas yaitu model Arikunto dalam dua siklus dan setiap siklusnya dilaksanakan sebanyak 4x pertemuan, dengan tahapan sebagai berikut: a) Perencanaan, b) Tindakan, c) Pengamatan, d) Refleksi, dan sebagai subjek dalam penelitian menggunakan 14 (empat belas) orang anak dari kelas/ kelompok B5 di taman kanak-kanak Negeri Pembina 1 – Kota Bengkulu. Adapun data yang terkumpul dilakukan dengan cara observasi dan dokumentasi. Metode yang digunakan adalah deskritif kuantitatif, berdasarkan hasil penelitian peningkatan kecerdasan interpersonal dan intrapersonal melalui kegiatan bermain konstruktif, dimana terbukti antara Siklus I dan Siklus II dengan hasil perhitungan t-test untuk peningkatan kecerdasan Interpersonal diketahui bahwa t-hitung sebesar + 10,82 sementara t-tabel 2.901 pada taraf signifikan 5% dan hasil analisis t-test untuk peningkatan kecerdasan Intrapersonal diketahui bahwa t-hitung sebesar +13,65 sementara t-tabel 3.660 pada taraf signifikan 5%, dengan demikian t-hitung lebih besar daripada t-tabel sehingga penghitungan uji t-test pada penelitian ini dapat dikatakan signifikan. Saran yang dikemukakan pada penelitian ini bahwa, dengan memperhatikan semua aspek seperti latar belakang anak, lingkungan dan variatif pola pembelajaran melalui metode permainan konstruktif dapat mengembangkan kecerdasan interpersonal dan intrapersonal pada anak usia dini.
Development of congestive heart failure in Japanese patients with atrial fibrillation.

BACKGROUND Atrial fibrillation (AF) and congestive heart failure (CHF) are frequently coexistent, but their temporal relationship in Japanese patients is unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS 248 AF patients (63.6+/-10.0 years old) without a history of CHF were enrolled for analysis of the development of CHF during the follow-up period of 49.7+/-29.8 months. Of them, 195 did not have structural heart disease, 22 had dilated or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, 18 had an old myocardial infarction, and 15 had valvular heart disease. During the follow-up period, 16 patients (6.5%) developed CHF requiring hospitalization (2.0% per patient-year). Although age, gender, fractional shortening, left atrial diameter, hypertension and diabetes mellitus were not associated with CHF development, existence of structural heart disease and left ventricular hypertrophy by Cornell voltage criteria on ECG were significantly associated with CHF development. Cox-Hazard regression analysis revealed that the existence of structural heart disease was the only independent risk factor (hazard ratio 3.50, 95% confidence interval 1.21-10.1). CONCLUSIONS In the present group of Japanese AF patients, CHF requiring hospitalization occurred at a rate of 2% per year. The existence of structural heart disease was the only independent risk factor in this population.
Other-Anaphora Resolution in Biomedical Texts with Automatically Mined Patterns

This paper proposes an other-anaphora resolution approach in bio-medical texts. It utilizes automatically mined patterns to discover the semantic relation between an anaphor and a candidate antecedent. The knowledge from lexical patterns is incorporated in a machine learning framework to perform anaphora resolution. The experiments show that machine learning approach combined with the auto-mined knowledge is effective for other-anaphora resolution in the biomedical domain. Our system with auto-mined patterns gives an accuracy of 56.5%. , yielding 16.2% improvement against the baseline system without pattern features, and 9% improvement against the system using manually designed patterns.
Iteratively reweighted least squares minimization for sparse recovery

Under certain conditions (known as the restricted isometry property, or RIP) on the m × N matrix Φ (where m < N), vectors x ∈ ℝN that are sparse (i.e., have most of their entries equal to 0) can be recovered exactly from y := Φx even though Φ−1(y) is typically an (N − m)—dimensional hyperplane; in addition, x is then equal to the element in Φ−1(y) of minimal 𝓁1‐norm. This minimal element can be identified via linear programming algorithms. We study an alternative method of determining x, as the limit of an iteratively reweighted least squares (IRLS) algorithm. The main step of this IRLS finds, for a given weight vector w, the element in Φ−1(y) with smallest 𝓁2(w)‐norm. If x(n) is the solution at iteration step n, then the new weight w(n) is defined by w i(n) := [|x i(n) |2 + ε n2 ]−1/2, i = 1, …, N, for a decreasing sequence of adaptively defined εn; this updated weight is then used to obtain x(n + 1) and the process is repeated. We prove that when Φ satisfies the RIP conditions, the sequence x(n) converges for all y, regardless of whether Φ−1(y) contains a sparse vector. If there is a sparse vector in Φ−1(y), then the limit is this sparse vector, and when x(n) is sufficiently close to the limit, the remaining steps of the algorithm converge exponentially fast (linear convergence in the terminology of numerical optimization). The same algorithm with the “heavier” weight w i(n) = [|x i(n) |2 + ε n2 ]−1+τ/2, i = 1, …, N, where 0 < τ < 1, can recover sparse solutions as well; more importantly, we show its local convergence is superlinear and approaches a quadratic rate for τ approaching 0. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Religiosity and Risk of Perpetrating Child Physical Abuse: An Empirical Investigation

We empirically examined the hypothesis that Conservative Protestants are at greater risk than Mainline Protestants, Catholics, or the religiously unaffiliated to perpetrate child physical abuse (CPA), and explored whether other aspects of religiosity (interest, participation, orthodoxy, intrinsic and extrinsic orientation) were related to CPA risk. As part of a larger survey, college students (166 men, 270 women) completed self-report measures assessing CPA risk and various dimensions of religiosity. Conservative Protestants did not score significantly higher than the other groups on CPA risk. However, extrinsic religiosity predicted increased risk of CPA.
Meat intake, cooking methods and risk of proximal colon, distal colon and rectal cancer: The Norwegian Women and Cancer (NOWAC) cohort study

Red and processed meat intake is an established risk factor for colorectal cancer (CRC), but epidemiological evidence by subsite and sex is still limited. In the population‐based Norwegian Women and Cancer cohort, we examined associations of meat intake with incident proximal colon, distal colon and rectal cancer, in 84,538 women who completed a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) during 1996–1998 or 2003–2005 (baseline or exposure update) at age 41–70 years, with follow‐up by register linkages through 2009. We also examined the effect of meat cooking methods in a subsample (n = 43,636). Multivariable hazard ratios (HRs) were estimated by Cox regression. There were 459 colon (242 proximal and 167 distal), and 215 rectal cancer cases with follow‐up ≥ 1 (median 11.1) year. Processed meat intake ≥60 vs. <15 g/day was associated with significantly increased cancer risk in all subsites with HRs (95% confidence interval, CI) of 1.69 (1.05–2.72) for proximal colon, 2.13 (1.18–3.83) for distal colon and 1.71 (1.02–2.85) for rectal cancer. Regression calibration of continuous effects based on repeated 24‐hr dietary recalls, indicated attenuation due to measurement errors in FFQ data, but corrected HRs were not statistically significant due to wider CIs. Our study did not support an association between CRC risk and intake of red meat, chicken, or meat cooking methods, but a high processed meat intake was associated with increased risk of proximal colon, distal colon and rectal cancer. The effect of processed meat was mainly driven by the intake of sausages.
Code Hunt: Experience with Coding Contests at Scale

Mastering a complex skill like programming takes many hours. In order to encourage students to put in these hours, we built Code Hunt, a game that enables players to program against the computer with clues provided as unit tests. The game has become very popular and we are now running worldwide contests where students have a fixed amount of time to solve a set of puzzles. This paper describes Code Hunt and the contest experience it offers. We then show some early results that demonstrate how Code Hunt can accurately discriminate between good and bad coders. The challenges of creating and selecting puzzles for contests are covered. We end up with a short description of our course experience, and some figures that show that Code Hunt is enjoyed by women and men alike.
Optimizing User Experience in Choosing Android Applications

In this paper, we present a recommendation system aimed at helping users and developers alike. We help users to choose optimal sets of applications belonging to different categories (eg. browsers, e-mails, cameras) while minimizing energy consumption, transmitted data, and maximizing application rating. We also help developers by showing the relative placement of their application's efficiency with respect to selected others. When the optimal set of applications is computed, it is leveraged to position a given application with respect to the optimal, median and worst application in its category (eg. browsers). Out of eight categories we selected 144 applications, manually defined typical execution scenarios, collected the relevant data, and computed the Pareto optimal front solving a multi-objective optimization problem. We report evidence that, on the one hand, ratings do not correlate with energy efficiency and data frugality. On the other hand, we show that it is possible to help developers understanding how far is a new Android application power consumption and network usage with respect to optimal applications in the same category. From the user perspective, we show that choosing optimal sets of applications, power consumption and network usage can be reduced by 16.61% and 40.17%, respectively, in comparison to choosing the set of applications that maximizes only the rating.