Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
International Capital Flows and World Output Gains

We develop a two-country overlapping-generations model in which international capital flows mitigate two distinct distortions of financial frictions. Cross-country differences in financial development explain two recent empirical puzzles: first, financial capital flows from poor to rich countries and FDI flows in the opposite direction simultaneously; second, net capital flows are ``uphill'' from poor to rich countries. In contrast to earlier papers in this area (Matsuyama, 2004, Financial Market Globalization, Symmetry-Breaking, and Endogenous Inequality of Nations, Econometrica, and von Hagen and Zhang, 2009, Financial Development and Patterns of International Capital Flows), we show that, with a more general setup of the production side of the economies, perfect capital mobility is efficiency-enhancing in the sense that it unambiguously increases world output. However, if the mobility of either financial capital or foreign direct investment is restricted, capital flows may or may not generate world output gains, depending on the levels of financial development in the two countries.
Innovation, Industry Evolution, and Employment

The purpose of this paper is to introduce a series of articles on the linksbetween innovation, the evolution of industry and employment. These relationsprovide the building blocks of a new industrial policy. The articles areincluded in Innovation, Industry Evolution and Employment published by CambridgeUniversity Press in 1999. The continued rising unemployment coupled withmoderate growth in Europe has triggered a plea by policy makers for rethinkingthe policy approach that brought about European prosperity during the post-warera. The resulting policy debate has been cast in terms of an inevitabletradeoff between greater employment but at the sacrifice of lower wages on theone hand, versus the maintenance of wages and living standards but at the costof less employment on the other. In terms of this debate, the Anglo-Americansolution has been the former, while the continental Europeans have chosen thelatter. The purpose the thirteen articles of Innovation, Industry Evolution andEmployment is to suggest that this policy debate has been miscast. There is analternative. This alternative involves structural change, and in particularshifting economic activity out of traditional moderate-technology industries andinto new emerging knowledge-based industries. In other words, it involvesinnovation, industry evolution and their consequences for employmentdevelopment. To shed light on the links between innovation, industry evolutionand employment generation, the Tinbergen Institute of Erasmus UniversityRotterdam, the School of Policy Studies at Georgia State University, and EIMSmall- and Medium Sized Business Research and Consultancy in Zoetermeer, theNetherlands hosted a two day conference on the subject in Rotterdam andZoetermeer, 29-30 August, 1997. The thirteen articles included in Innovation,Industry Evolution and Employment reflect a carefully edited and revisedselection of the papers_new of this conference. What the articles have in common isthat they link some measure of economic performance to technology andinnovation, and they do it using a dynamic framework based on a longitudinaldatabase that tracks micro-observations over time.
MOTOR SKILLS IN NORMALLY DEVELOPING AND PHONOLOGICALLY DISORDERED PRE-SCHOOL CHILDREN

Normally developing and phonologically disordered 3 and 4year-old children (groups N and P) were compared on measures of articulation rate in imitated and spontaneous connected speech and in diadochokinetic (DDK) tasks. The P group exhibited significantly slower mean articulation rates than the N group in the connected speech samples. There was no significant difference between the group means for DDK rates. However, the P subjects, when required to articulate at maximum speed in the DDK task, were more likely than the N subjects to make pronunciation errors additional to those observed in their spontaneous and imitated speech. Implications of the findings for the clinical evaluation of speech motor abilities in young children are discussed.
On multipath channel estimation for CDMA systems using multiple sensors

This paper focuses on the design of a multiuser receiver structure for the reverse link of a code-division multiple-access communication system, in the presence of multipath effects and using an antenna array at the base station receiver. The algorithm presented solves the complex multidimensional problem of channel estimation in this complex scenario using a maximum-likelihood approach. This channel estimation technique requires the transmission of a training sequence or feedback of detected data. Once a composite channel-impulse response of each user is estimated, it is directly used in the detection process instead of first extracting the individual channel parameters, such as path delays and attenuation factors. The paper presents a framework that facilitates a computationally efficient solution to the combined problem of channel estimation and detection in a scenario involving multiple users, multiple paths, and multiple sensors at the receiver.
The sales manager as a unit of analysis: a review and directions for future research

ABSTRACT This article analyzes empirical research in which the sales manager is the unit of analysis to determine what knowledge has been generated by sales scholars about sales managers and sales management practice. It examines what we have learned from sales managers about their jobs and themselves with particular emphasis on the managerial relevance of the work. While the sales literature is vast and despite the importance of sales managers being widely recognized and accepted, an extensive search of the sales literature identified only 163 articles in which the sales manager was the focus of empirical research about what they do. To help better understand what has been discovered, these articles are examined and categorized according to the main focus of each article's research. The results show that with respect to sales managers, our knowledge is limited and substantial opportunities exist for additional research to expand our understanding of the nature, roles, and impact of sales managers as well as providing usable advice for the practice of sales management.
Uma Análise sobre a Produção de Conhecimento Científico nas Pesquisas Publicadas nos Primeiros 10 anos da iSys (2008-2017)

One of the challenges faced by the Information Systems Brazilian scientific community, emerged from the Computing area, has been how to deal with Information Systems (IS) research, which involves aspects beyond computational technology building. Advances in producing scientific knowledge in IS requires mastery and application of theories, paradigms and methods underexplored. We have analyzed the research published during the first 10 years on iSys journal in order to reflect on possible theoretical, epistemological and methodological approaches to IS research. The analysis was based on typologies used in the international literature, comprising four axes: i) IT artifact design, ii) research paradigm, iii) theorization, and iv) research methods. Our observations found out that the IS research community at iSys puts a strong positivist and experimental emphasis in the production of scientific knowledge. These results may encourage the IS community towards different epistemological paradigms to better understand the complexity and multiplicity of the real world; as well as the formulation of a consistent theoretical field for the research area.
The Within- and Cross-language Role of Syntactic Awareness in Reading Comprehension Among French Immersion Students

Two related studies examining the withinand cross-language transfer of syntactic awareness (SA) to concurrent measures of reading comprehension (RC) between English and French are reported. Participants were firstand third-grade Canadian French immersion students. Results indicated that Grade 1 English SA significantly predicted French RC after cognitive and withinlanguage controls, while Grade 1 French SA did not. In Grade 3, by contrast, English SA was unrelated to either English or French RC, while French SA was predictive of both. In all cases, SA was indirectly related to RC both within and across languages. Adding to the limited research on metalinguistic transfer, these results support hypotheses for the transferability of SA and provide preliminary evidence for its crossover role in reading across languages. The findings call for increased theoretical and academic attention to, and pose educational implications for, the involvement of SA in models of withinand cross-language RC.
Sex-linked markers and microsatellite locus duplication in the cichlid species Oreochromis tanganicae

Cichlid species of the genus Oreochromis vary in their genetic sex-determination systems. In this study, we used microsatellite DNA markers to characterize the sex-determination system in Oreochromis tanganicae. Markers on linkage group 3 were associated with phenotypic sex, with an inheritance pattern typical of a female heterogametic species (WZ–ZZ). Further, locus duplication was observed for two separate microsatellite markers on the sex chromosome. These results further advance our understanding of the rapidly evolving sex-determination systems among these closely related tilapia species.
Infectious Complications during Tandem High-Dose Chemotherapy and Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation for Children with High-Risk or Recurrent Solid Tumors

We retrospectively analyzed infectious complications during tandem high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplantation (HDCT/auto-SCT) in children and adolescents with high-risk or recurrent solid tumors. A total of 324 patients underwent their first HDCT/auto-SCT between October 2004 and September 2014, and 283 of them proceeded to their second HDCT/auto-SCT (a total of 607 HDCT/auto-SCTs). During the early transplant period of 607 HDCT/auto-SCTs (from the beginning of HDCT to day 30 post-transplant), bacteremia, urinary tract infection (UTI), respiratory virus infection, and varicella zoster virus (VZV) reactivation occurred in 7.1%, 2.3%, 13.0%, and 2.5% of HDCT/auto-SCTs, respectively. The early transplant period of the second HDCT/auto-SCT had infectious complications similar to the first HDCT/auto-SCT. During the late transplant period of HDCT/auto-SCT (from day 31 to 1 year post-transplant), bacteremia, UTI, and VZV reactivation occurred in 7.5%, 2.5%, and 3.9% of patients, respectively. Most infectious complications in the late transplant period occurred during the first 6 months post-transplant. There were no invasive fungal infections during the study period. Six patients died from infectious complications (4 from bacterial sepsis and 2 from respiratory virus infection). Our study suggests that infectious complications are similar following second and first HDCT/auto-SCT in children.
Is Book the Same as Libro? A Comparative Study of Lexical Access in Heritage Speakers and L2 Learners

viii CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1. What is Bilingualism? 2 1.2. Degrees and Types of Bilingualism . 4 1.2.1.Context of Acquisition . 5 1.2.2.The Effect of Age on L2 Acquisition . 10 1.2.3.Proficiency in the L2 . 14 CHAPTER II – MODELS OF ORGANIZATION OF THE BILINGUAL LEXICON . 16 2.1. Early View on Bilingual Lexicon . 16 2.2. Concept-Mediation and Word-Association Hypotheses . 17 2.3. The Revised Hierarchical Model . 23 2.3.1.L2 Proficiency Effect on Word Processing in RHM . 27 2.3.2.Limitations of the Revised Hierarchical Model . 32 CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY . 34 3.1. The Present Study . 34 3.2. Participants . 38 3.1.1. Heritage Spanish Speakers . 41 3.1.2. Advanced L2 Learners . 43 3.1. 3. Novice L2 Learners . 44 3.2. Materials . 45 3.2.1. Stimuli . 45 3.3. Procedure . 47 3.4. Data Analysis . 49 CHAPTER IV RESULTS . 53 4.1. Picture Naming Task . 53 4.1.1. Accuracy . 53 4.1.2. Reaction Time . 55 4.2. Translation Task . 56 4.2.1. Accuracy . 56
Understanding Guest Tolerance and the Role of Cultural Familiarity in Hotel Service Failures

ABSTRACT This study investigates how cultural familiarity and service failure characteristics affect hotel guest ratings of their tolerance and satisfaction toward a failure in hotel service. The study is significant for two key reasons: (1) it provides the first examination of the effects of cultural familiarity in a service failure setting, and (2) introduces the construct of guest tolerance as an important outcome evaluation of the hotel experience. Data was collected from an online survey of 740 Australians. The study comprised a 2 (failure type) x 3 (severity of failure) x 3 (cultural familiarity) experimental design. While a main effect showed that ‘interpersonal’ failures were less tolerated and resulted in less satisfaction than ‘non-interpersonal’ failures, this effect differed depending on severity of the failure. Interaction effects demonstrate that high cultural familiarity magnifies the effect of high service failure severity in respect of levels of tolerance and customer satisfaction ratings.
An MTF-based spectral distortion minimizing model for pan-sharpening of very high resolution multispectral images of urban areas

This work presents a viable solution to the problem of merging multispectral image with an arbitrary number of spectral bands with a higher-resolution panchromatic observation. The proposed method relies on the generalized Laplacian pyramid, which is a multiscale oversampled structure in which spatial details are mapped on different scales. The goal is to selectively perform spatial-frequencies spectrum substitution from an image to another with the constraint of thoroughly retaining the spectral information of the coarser data. To this end, a vector injection model has been defined: at each pixel, the detail vector to be added is always parallel to the approximation. Furthermore, its components are scaled by factors measuring the ratio of local gains between the multispectral and panchromatic data. Such a model is calculated at a coarser resolution where both types of data are available extended to the finer resolution by embedding the modulation transfer functions of the multispectral scanner into the multiresolution analysis. In this way, the interband structure model can be extended to the higher resolution without the drawback of the poor enhancement occurring when the model assumes MTFs close to be ideal. Results are presented and discussed on very high resolution QuickBird data of an urban area.
Effect of Social Media Characteristics on Perceptions of Alcohol-Branded Social Media Content

Background: Alcohol advertising has recently expanded onto social networking sites (SNSs), which allows users to interact with alcohol ads through user engagement features (e.g. Likes or Shares) and user-generated comments. Few studies have evaluated alcohol advertising on SNSs or investigated how ad interactivity may influence ad perceptions. Two inter-related studies were conducted to answer these questions. Methods: In Study 1, alcohol advertising posted on Facebook by Budweiser and Bud Light were evaluated for compliance with a self-regulated alcohol advertising code and for thematic content. User-generated comments written in response to these ads were also evaluated. The results of this study were used to inform Study 2, a 2(within) x 2(between) x 2(between) factorial randomized trial. Participants (n=120) viewed four preselected Facebook ads, of which two were compliant and two were non-compliant with a selfregulated alcohol advertising code. Participants also viewed real-world high or low user engagement values and real-world proor anti-drinking user-generated comments. Ad appeal, drinking intentions, and individual user engagement were measured after viewing each ad. The results were analyzed using hierarchical linear models. Results: In Study 1, 82% of the ads contained 1 or more violations of a self-regulated alcohol advertising code, and 78% of the ads contained one or more content areas previously associated with code violations. Forty-seven percent of the user-generated comments were positive towards the product or drinking. In Study 2, ads non-compliant with a self-regulated alcohol advertising code scored higher on emotional appeal (p=0.004) while compliant ads scored higher on informational (p<0.001) and source appeal (p=0.034). Pro-drinking user-generated comments significantly increased drinking intentions and individual user engagement. Discussion: Self-regulation has failed to prevent potentially harmful content from appearing in Budweiser and Bud Light advertising posted on Facebook. Noncompliance with existing self-regulated alcohol advertising codes was associated with increased emotional appeal, which may result in the ads being remembered more often and recalled more swiftly. Pro-drinking user-generated comments were associated with increased drinking intentions and increased individual user engagement, both of which are associated with increased alcohol consumption. New regulations may be needed to limit alcohol ad content and the influence of user-generated comments.
Congeneric and (Essentially) Tau-Equivalent Estimates of Score Reliability

Coefficient alpha, the most commonly used estimate of internal consistency, is often considered a lower bound estimate of reliability, though the extent of its underestimation is not typically known. Many researchers are unaware that coefficient alpha is based on the essentially tau-equivalent measurement model. It is the violation of the assumptions required by this measurement model that are often responsible for coefficient alpha's underestimation of reliability. This article presents a hierarchy of measurement models that can be used to estimate reliability and illustrates a procedure by which structural equation modeling can be used to test the fit of these models to a set of data. Test and data characteristics that can influence the extent to which the assumption of tau-equivalence is violated are discussed. Both heuristic and applied examples are used to augment the discussion.
Transfusion Strategy: Impact of Haemodynamics and the Challenge of Haemodilution

Blood transfusion is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and numerous reports have emphasised the need for reduction. Following this there is increased attention to the concept of patient blood management. However, bleeding is relatively common following cardiac surgery and is further enhanced by the continued antiplatelet therapy policy. Another important issue is that cardiopulmonary bypass leads to haemodilution and a potential blood loss. The basic role of blood is oxygen transport to the organs. The determining factors of oxygen delivery are cardiac output, haemoglobin, and saturation. If oxygen delivery/consumption is out of balance, the compensation mechanisms are simple, as a decrease in one factor results in an increase in one or two other factors. Patients with coexisting cardiac diseases may be of particular risk, but studies indicate that patients with coexisting cardiac diseases tolerate moderate anaemia and may even benefit from a restrictive transfusion regimen. Further it has been shown that patients with reduced left ventricular function are able to compensate with increased cardiac output in response to bleeding and haemodilution if normovolaemia is maintained. In conclusion the evidence supports that each institution establishes its own patient blood management strategy to both conserve blood products and maximise outcome.
The Mechanisms of Virulence Regulation by Small Noncoding RNAs in Low GC Gram-Positive Pathogens

The discovery of small noncoding regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) in bacteria has grown tremendously recently, giving new insights into gene regulation. The implementation of computational analysis and RNA sequencing has provided new tools to discover and analyze potential sRNAs. Small regulatory RNAs that act by base-pairing to target mRNAs have been found to be ubiquitous and are the most abundant class of post-transcriptional regulators in bacteria. The majority of sRNA studies has been limited to E. coli and other gram-negative bacteria. However, examples of sRNAs in gram-positive bacteria are still plentiful although the detailed gene regulation mechanisms behind them are not as well understood. Strict virulence control is critical for a pathogen’s survival and many sRNAs have been found to be involved in that process. This review outlines the targets and currently known mechanisms of trans-acting sRNAs involved in virulence regulation in various gram-positive pathogens. In addition, their shared characteristics such as CU interaction motifs, the role of Hfq, and involvement in two-component regulators, riboswitches, quorum sensing, or toxin/antitoxin systems are described.
EMMA : An EM-based Imputation Technique for Handling Missing Sample-Values in Microarray Expression Profiles

Corresponding author Abstract Data with missing sample-values are quite common in many microarray expression profiles. The outcome of the analysis of these microarray data mostly depends on the quality of underlying data. In fact, without complete data, most computational approaches fail to deliver the expected performance. So, filling out missing values in the microarray, if any, is a prerequisite for successful data analysis. In this paper, we propose an ExpectationMaximization (EM) inspired approach that handles a substantial amount of missing values with the objective of improving imputation accuracy. Here, each missing samplevalue is iteratively filled out using an updater (predictor) constructed from the known values and predicted values from the previous iteration. We demonstrate that our approach significantly outperforms some standard methods in terms of treating missing values, and shows robustness in increasing levels of missing rates.
STATISTICALLY-BASED VALIDATION OF COMPUTER SIMULATION MODELS IN TRAFFIC OPERATIONS AND MANAGEMENT

The process of validation is crucial for the use of computer simulation models in transportation policy, planning, and operations. This article lays out obstacles and issues involved in performing a validation. Described is a general process that emphasizes five essential ingredients for validation: context, data, uncertainty, feedback, and prediction. A test bed is used to generate specific and general questions as well as to give concrete form to answers and to methods used in providing them. The traffic simulation model CORSIM serves as the test bed; it is applied to assess signal timing plans on a street network of Chicago. The validation process applied in the test bed demonstrates how well CORSIM can reproduce field conditions, identifies flaws in the model, and shows how well CORSIM predicts performance under new (untried) signal conditions. The article finds that CORSIM, though imperfect, is effective with some restrictions in evaluating signal plans on urban networks.
“Think before you type”: the effectiveness of implementing an anti-cyberbullying project in an EFL classroom

ABSTRACT Cyberbullying takes place when the Internet is used purposefully to cause harm or discomfort to a specific person or group of persons. Because of the fast growth of digital technologies, cyberbullying is replacing physical bullying and becoming a prevalent social problem around the world. This study outlines the author’s efforts of integrating David Kolb's experiential learning theory, project-based learning, and a critical approach to language education to engage a group of Taiwanese college English-as-a-foreign-language students about the issues related to cyberbullying and the importance of healthy Internet behaviors. The results indicated that the 9-week project work heightened students’ awareness of cyberbullying and other social issues and enhanced their language skills. Students also held an overall positive attitude toward the project work. To conclude the article, several research directions are suggested to continue this line of inquiry.