Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Oxidative Stress in Humans Training in a Cold, Moderate Altitude Environment and Their Response to a Phytochemical Antioxidant Supplement

Objective This study examined the effectiveness of an antioxidant mixture containing vitamin E, β-carotene, ascorbic acid, selenium, α-lipoic acid, N-acetyl 1-cysteine, catechin, lutein, and lycopene to reduce oxidative stress in US Marines undergoing 24 days of cold-weather field training at a moderate altitude. Methods Forty physically active male volunteers (ages 18–40) were randomly assigned to a treatment (antioxidant) group (n = 21) or a control (placebo) group (n = 19). Breath pentane (BP), serum lipid hydroperoxides (LPO), urine malondialdehyde (MDA), urine 8-hydroxy deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), and serum and urine oxygen radical absorption capacity (ORAC) were measured as indicators of oxidative stress and antioxidant status. Urine was sampled at days 0, 12, and 24. Serum and breath were sampled on days 0 and 24. Results Both groups exhibited increased levels of oxidative stress after 24 days of field training, as indicated by an increased LPO, pentane, and 8-OHdG. There was no significant difference between the treatment and placebo groups at day 24; however, there was some indication that test subjects with initially low antioxidant capacity (ORAC) may have benefited from the antioxidant supplement. Conclusions An increased level of oxidative stress was associated with high levels of physical exertion of training in a cold environment at moderate altitude. The antioxidant mixture tested did not attenuate the mean oxidative stress levels in the entire group of test subjects, but it may have reduced the oxidative stress of some individuals with low initial antioxidant status.
Sensorless flux position estimation at low and zero frequency by measuring zero-sequence current in delta-connected cage induction machines

This paper considers the estimation of both flux and rotor position in delta-connected cage induction machines operating at low and zero frequencies. It is shown that the variation of leakage inductance due to either saturation or rotor slotting can be tracked by measuring the derivative of the zero-sequence current in response to the application of appropriate voltage test vectors. The method requires access to the machine phase windings but needs only a single extra sensor, in the form of a nonintegrating Rogowski Coil, which measures directly the zero-sequence current derivative. In this paper, experimental results are presented for the tracking of flux position.
Asian Medicine in America: The Ayurvedic Case

Ayurveda, the classical South Asian medical tradition, was first introduced to American audiences in the mid-1980s as a holistic alternative to biomedical orthodoxy. This article argues that transplanted Ayurveda is shaped not only by aspects of American medical culture, but by millennial, heterodox elements of American religious culture, such as the loose cluster of beliefs and practices known as the New Age. Because New Age Ayurvedic practices occupy the ideological and statutory middle ground between medicine and metaphysics, they face a unique professionalizing dilemma: whether to present themselves as healing religions or as practicing branches of medicine. Drawing on an ethnographic study of this professionalizing dilemma in legal, clinical and popular arenas, this article shows that New Age Ayurveda--far from being a monolith--reveals a wide-ranging plurality of sub-traditions in practice. Taken together, they suggest multiple modes of reinvention and a variety of professionalizing routes that Ayurveda follows other than licensing and institutional credentialization.
Mobile Technologies: Expectancy, Usage, and Acceptance of Clinical Staff and Patients at a University Medical Center

Background Despite their increasing popularity, little is known about how users perceive mobile devices such as smartphones and tablet PCs in medical contexts. Available studies are often restricted to evaluating the success of specific interventions and do not adequately cover the users’ basic attitudes, for example, their expectations or concerns toward using mobile devices in medical settings. Objective The objective of the study was to obtain a comprehensive picture, both from the perspective of the patients, as well as the doctors, regarding the use and acceptance of mobile devices within medical contexts in general well as the perceived challenges when introducing the technology. Methods Doctors working at Hannover Medical School (206/1151, response 17.90%), as well as patients being admitted to this facility (213/279, utilization 76.3%) were surveyed about their acceptance and use of mobile devices in medical settings. Regarding demographics, both samples were representative of the respective study population. GNU R (version 3.1.1) was used for statistical testing. Fisher’s exact test, two-sided, alpha=. 05 with Monte Carlo approximation, 2000 replicates, was applied to determine dependencies between two variables. Results The majority of participants already own mobile devices (doctors, 168/206, 81.6%; patients, 110/213, 51.6%). For doctors, use in a professional context does not depend on age (P=.66), professional experience (P=.80), or function (P=.34); gender was a factor (P=.009), and use was more common among male (61/135, 45.2%) than female doctors (17/67, 25%). A correlation between use of mobile devices and age (P=.001) as well as education (P=.002) was seen for patients. Minor differences regarding how mobile devices are perceived in sensitive medical contexts mostly relate to data security, patients are more critical of the devices being used for storing and processing patient data; every fifth patient opposed this, but nevertheless, 4.8% of doctors (10/206) use their devices for this purpose. Both groups voiced only minor concerns about the credibility of the provided content or the technical reliability of the devices. While 8.3% of the doctors (17/206) avoided use during patient contact because they thought patients might be unfamiliar with the devices, (25/213) 11.7% of patients expressed concerns about the technology being too complicated to be used in a health context. Conclusions Differences in how patients and doctors perceive the use of mobile devices can be attributed to age and level of education; these factors are often mentioned as contributors of the problems with (mobile) technologies. To fully realize the potential of mobile technologies in a health care context, the needs of both the elderly as well as those who are educationally disadvantaged need to be carefully addressed in all strategies relating to mobile technology in a health context.
GENDER DIFFERENCES BETWEEN VIOLENCE AND INTIMACY PATTERNS IN MARRIED IRANIAN COLLEGE STUDENTS

Objective: It is an established fact that violence co-occurs with intimate partners in families. The aim of this study was investigation of similarities and differences between intimacy and violence patterns in married college students. Methods: Three questionnaires were used: 1. Marital intimacy questionnaire-Persian form. 2. Aggression questionnaire and 3. General demographic questionnaire. 198 married college students were randomly selected from Tehran Universities. They answered individually to the questionnaires. The data were analyzed by t-test, chi-square and correlation coefficients. Results: There were no significant gender differences in total score of intimacy and other dimensions of intimacy. But there were significant differences between genders according to total the score of violence (p Conclusion: Gender differences revealed important similarities and distinctions in husbands and wives' patterns of intimacy and violence. Couples with increasing intimacy dimensions can control the violent patterns of behavior. Satisfaction in close relationships depends on active participation of both partners.
Biology’s Gift: Interrogating the Turn to Affect

This article investigates how the turn to affect within the humanities and social sciences re-imagines the relationship between cultural theory and science. We focus on how the writings of two neuroscientists (Antonio Damasio and Joseph LeDoux) and one developmental psychologist (Daniel Stern) are used in order to ground certain claims about affect within cultural theory. We examine the motifs at play in cultural theories of affect, the models of (neuro)biology with which they work, and some fascinating missteps characterizing the taking up of scientific literature. While neuroscience frames the affective as part of a system of regulation that makes both self and social coherence possible, in cultural theory’s narratives, by contrast, affectivity becomes a placeholder for the inherent dynamism and mutability of matter. The article interrogates the consequences of cultural theory’s strange borrowings from neuroscience and developmental psychology in their institution of a model of subjectivity preoccupied with a lived present in excess of the hold of habit and embodied history.
The Strength of Phenotypic Selection in Natural Populations

How strong is phenotypic selection on quantitative traits in the wild? We reviewed the literature from 1984 through 1997 for studies that estimated the strength of linear and quadratic selection in terms of standardized selection gradients or differentials on natural variation in quantitative traits for field populations. We tabulated 63 published studies of 62 species that reported over 2,500 estimates of linear or quadratic selection. More than 80% of the estimates were for morphological traits; there is very little data for behavioral or physiological traits. Most published selection studies were unreplicated and had sample sizes below 135 individuals, resulting in low statistical power to detect selection of the magnitude typically reported for natural populations. The absolute values of linear selection gradients |β| were exponentially distributed with an overall median of 0.16, suggesting that strong directional selection was uncommon. The values of |β| for selection on morphological and on life‐history/phenological traits were significantly different: on average, selection on morphology was stronger than selection on phenology/life history. Similarly, the values of |β| for selection via aspects of survival, fecundity, and mating success were significantly different: on average, selection on mating success was stronger than on survival. Comparisons of estimated linear selection gradients and differentials suggest that indirect components of phenotypic selection were usually modest relative to direct components. The absolute values of quadratic selection gradients |γ| were exponentially distributed with an overall median of only 0.10, suggesting that quadratic selection is typically quite weak. The distribution of γ values was symmetric about 0, providing no evidence that stabilizing selection is stronger or more common than disruptive selection in nature.
Should We Beware the Exceptions? An Empirical Study on the Eclipse Project

Exception handling is a mechanism that highlights exceptional functionality of software systems. Currently there are empirical studies pointing out that design entities (classes) that use exceptions are more defect prone than the other classes and sometimes developers neglect exceptional functionality, minimizing its importance. In this paper we investigate if classes that use exceptions are the most complex classes from software systems and, consequently, have an increased likelihood to exhibit defects. We also detect two types of improper usages of exceptions in three releases of Eclipse and investigate the relations between classes that handle/do not handle properly exceptions and the defects those classes exhibit. The results show that (i) classes that use exceptions are more complex than the other classes and (ii) classes that handle improperly the exceptions in the source code exhibit an increased likelihood of exhibiting defects than classes which handle them properly. Based on the provided evidence, practitioners get knowledge about the correlations between exceptions and complexity and are advised once again about the negative impact deviations from best programming practices have at a source code level.
Alevism Online: Re-Imagining a Community in Virtual Space

Just like physical space, cyberspace, the cultural and social space evolving on the basis of computer-mediated communication, has differentiated into a number of different landscapes (Kollock and Smith, “Communities in Cyberspace”), such as electronic bulletin boards, discussion lists, chat rooms, and homepages, each offering its respective resources, lines of communication, and ecological niches to a rapidly increasing number of users or “cyber-citizens. ” Within these landscapes, social and cultural aggregates are developing, connecting people and creating cultural meaning systems almost independent of the constraints of real time and space. By now, a vast literature discussing these issues exists. And yet cyberspace is not disconnected from “real life. ” Internet shops, for instance, are not content with virtual success only (although until recently the stock market prices of newly founded enterprises in this sector gave the impression that “real value” in terms of turnover and profit was not what mattered most). Cyberspace is not a parallel universe. Most activities in its landscape, rather, aim at real social, economic, cultural, or political relations. They intend transformations in our real world. Books and papers discussing the new social and cultural spaces engendered through the Internet often ignore such transformations and interconnections, focusing instead on relations within cyberspace; for example, on those referred to by the term “virtual community. ” The exploration of real interconnections, however, is the topic of my article, whose motivating question asks how a “real community” makes use of virtual space. The Alevi presence in cyberspace—the main focus of this article—has emerged largely from the Alevi diaspora. Here, I will survey the presence of Alevis on the World Wide Web and explore the topography of their Webscape. Drawing on the findings about xxxxxxxxxxxx * Web sites included in this study are listed in a “Web Sites Cited” list at the end of the paper and are referenced within the text with a lowercase “w. ” Thus, for example, Web site 40 is referred to in the text as “w40. ”
The Mechanism Underlying Backward Priming in a Lexical Decision Task: Spreading Activation versus Semantic Matching

Koriat (1981) demonstrated that an association from the target to a preceding prime, in the absence of an association from the prime to the target, facilitates lexical decision and referred to this effect as “backward priming”. Backward priming is of relevance, because it can provide information about the mechanism underlying semantic priming effects. Following Neely (1991), we distinguish three mechanisms of priming: spreading activation, expectancy, and semantic matching/ integration. The goal was to determine which of these mechanisms causes backward priming, by assessing effects of backward priming on a language-relevant ERP component, the N400, and reaction time (RT). Based on previous work, we propose that the N400 priming effect reflects expectancy and semantic matching/ integration, but in contrast with RT does not reflect spreading activation. Experiment 1 shows a backward priming effect that is qualitatively similar for the N400 and RT in a lexical decision task. This effect was not modulated by an ISI manipulation. Experiment 2 clarifies that the N400 backward priming effect reflects genuine changes in N400 amplitude and cannot be ascribed to other factors. We will argue that these backward priming effects cannot be due to expectancy but are best accounted for in terms of semantic matching/integration.
Students’ Attitudes and Their Academic Performance in Nationhood Education

The main goal of the nationhood education is to instill the sense of loyalty and passion into the nation. In a Malaysian context, several academic subjects at higher education such as Malaysian Studies, Ethnic Relations and National Language have been implemented in order to achieve the goal. Malaysian Study is one of the compulsory courses offered by all private universities in Malaysia that is intended to educate students with national values, patriotism and belongingness to the country. However, past empirical evidence show that many students have a lack of interest to learn such subject. Therefore, the current study investigated contributing factors to students’ academic achievement and also examined students’ attitudes towards that subject. Using quantitative approach, the current study categorized four main factors namely the suitability and interest in syllabus, being active in class, early preparation and revision, types of enjoyable activities, interest in teaching aids and good class attendance. Using questionnaires and SPSS software as the main tools in this study, the mean score, frequency and percentage were obtained. It is concluded statistically from this study that students’ perception of their lecturers play a significant role in determining their learning outcomes in Malaysian Studies, while the lecturers are of the opinion that learning environment is a factor which contributes significantly to the students’ achievement in this subject. The current study suggests that the teachers build upon excellent rapport with students and create an attractive and enjoyable environment to get the students to dynamically involve in the classroom activities and learn the Malaysian Studies enthusiastically and efficiently.
Constituent Processes in the Differentiation of Items in Memory.

Three experiments were designed to clarify the perplexing ability of subjects to discriminate between to-be-remembered (TBR) and to-be-forgotten (TBF) items in memory. After the presentation of each pair of words in a list, subjects were first required to solve one to four arithmetic problems and were then cued whether to remember or forget that pair. When subjects were free to use a remember (R) or forget (F) cue in any way they saw fit, their subsequent ability to differentiate TBR and TBF items was impressive, but when subjects were required to retrieve both TBR and TBF word pairs in response to an R or F cue, respectively, their subsequent ability to differentiate TBR and TBF items deteriorated. The results implicate within-list retrieval of TBR items as a potent tagging or strengthening operation that provides a basis on which those items may later be discriminated from TBF items. The "potency" of such events, in terms of their influence on later recall, depends in a clear-cut way on the "depth" (i.e., delay) of retrieval involved, but there are no such comparable effects on later recognition.
Experiences with Violence in Mexican American and European American High School Dating Relationships

Violence in adolescent dating relationships has become increasingly normative in the United States, with the severity of the consequences increasing into adulthood. Minority youths are at an increased risk for experiencing moderate to severe forms of physical dating violence, yet they are less likely to seek professional services. This comparative study of Mexican American (MA) and European American (EA) youths was conducted to understand the lived experience of dating violence within the context of "romance. " MA (n = 41) and EA (n = 34) adolescents (M = 16.04 years old, SD = 0.83; n = 40 girls) participated in focus groups (n = 12) on dating relationships. In order of saliency, four categories of violence emerged: relational (for example, gossip, intentional harming of a partner's reputation), emotional/verbal (for example, insults, controlling behavior), physical (for example, hitting), and sexual (for example, manipulation or coercion). MA girls were particularly vulnerable and noted experiences with sexual coercion and with emotional/verbal and physical violence, sometimes as the perpetrator. Experiences were contextualized as occurring alongside controlling or manipulative partners. An understanding of how MA and EA adolescents experience distinct types of dating violence should inform culturally relevant dating violence prevention strategies. Language: en
The development of interrogative forms and functions in early childhood Cantonese

This study investigated question acquisition in Cantonese-speaking young children with a focus on the development of interrogative forms and functions. Data from a child Cantonese corpus (492 children aged 36, 48 and 60 months) were analysed. The main results were that: (1) all the interrogative forms and functions were produced by the three age groups and no age difference was found; (2) significant gender differences in favour of females were found; and (3) a significant form-function preference was obtained, with wh- and multiple questions being primarily used to seek information, and yes/no and rising tone/echo questions being largely used to request action.
Indoor Mobile Localization System and Stabilization of Localization Performance using Pre-filtering

In this paper, we present the practical application of an Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) for an Indoor Mobile Localization System using ultrasonic sensors. It is true that many kinds of localization techniques have been researched for several years in order to contribute to the realization of a ubiquitous system; particularly, such a ubiquitous system needs a high degree of accuracy to be practical and efficient. Unfortunately, a number of localization systems for indoor space do not have sufficient accuracy to establish any special task such as precise position control of a moving target even though they require comparatively high developmental cost. Therefore, we developed an Indoor Mobile Localization System having high localization performance; specifically, the Unscented Kalman Filter is applied for improving the localization accuracy. In addition, we also present the additive filter named 'Pre-filtering' to compensate the performance of the estimation algorithm. Pre-filtering has been developed to overcome negative effects from unexpected external noise so that localization through the Unscented Kalman Filter has come to be stable. Moreover, we tried to demonstrate the performance comparison of the Unscented Kalman Filter and another estimation algorithm, such as the Unscented Particle Filter (UPF), through simulation for our system.