Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strange Nonchaotic attractors

Aperiodic dynamics which is nonchaotic is realized on Strange Nonchaotic Attractors (SNAs). Such attractors are generic in quasiperiodically driven nonlinear systems, and like strange attractors, are geometrically fractal. The largest Lyapunov exponent is zero or negative: trajectories do not show exponential sensitivity to initial conditions. In recent years, SNAs have been seen in a number of diverse experimental situations ranging from quasiperiodically driven mechanical or electronic systems to plasma discharges. An important connection is the equivalence between a quasiperiodically driven system and the Schrodinger equation for a particle in a related quasiperiodic potential, showing a correspondence between the localized states of the quantum problem with SNAs in the related dynamical system. In this review we discuss the main conceptual issues in the study of SNAs, including the different bifurcations or routes for the creation of such attractors, the methods of characterization, and the nature of dynamical transitions in quasiperiodically forced systems. The variation of the Lyapunov exponent, and the qualitative and quantitative aspects of its local fluctuation properties, have emerged as an important means of studying fractal attractors, and this analysis finds useful application here. The ubiquity of such attractors, in conjunction with their several unusual properties, suggests novel applications.
Regional signals in the planarian body guide stem cell fate in the presence of genomic instability

ABSTRACT Cellular fate decisions are influenced by their topographical location in the adult body. For instance, tissue repair and neoplastic growth are greater in anterior than in posterior regions of adult animals. However, the molecular underpinnings of these regional differences are unknown. We identified a regional switch in the adult planarian body upon systemic disruption of homologous recombination with RNA-interference of Rad51. Rad51 knockdown increases DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) throughout the body, but stem cells react differently depending on their location along the anteroposterior axis. In the presence of extensive DSBs, cells in the anterior part of the body resist death, whereas cells in the posterior region undergo apoptosis. Furthermore, we found that proliferation of cells with DNA damage is induced in the presence of brain tissue and that the retinoblastoma pathway enables overproliferation of cells with DSBs while attending to the demands of tissue growth and repair. Our results implicate both autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms as key mediators of regional cell behavior and cellular transformation in the adult body. Summary: The response of planarian neoblasts to DNA damage differs according to their location, with both cell autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms contributing to these regional differences.
High satisfaction with problem-based learning for anesthesia.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare students' satisfaction between problem-based learning (PBL) and lecture-based traditional teaching of anesthesia. METHODS One hundred and thirty-seven fifth-year medical students were enrolled in a course which used a hybrid curriculum for teaching about anesthesia. The hybrid curriculum included 9 essential lectures and 3 related PBL case discussions. A Linkert 5-point scale was used for to assess students' satisfaction levels between PBL and lecture-based traditional teaching. Data were collected through a year-end questionnaire over 2 academic years from 2002 to 2003. Scores regarding the satisfaction levels between these 2 teaching methods were analyzed using a 2-sided paired t-test. RESULTS Most students preferred PBL over the lecture-based traditional teaching in the following 6 aspects: learning about anesthesia, understanding other medical knowledge, being interested in and motivated to learn, training for future work, training of personal abilities, and being confident and satisfied with the teaching method (p < 0.05). However, traditional teaching was superior to PBL in enhancing the speed of learning with greater understanding of a basic knowledge of anesthesia, as well as in providing more solid content with understanding of a greater number of anesthetic techniques (p < 0.05). Satisfaction levels with this curriculum did not generally differ between students enrolled in different classes in 2002 and 2003. CONCLUSIONS Although the assessment tools and content of PBL need to be modified, implementation of PBL for teaching anesthesia showed satisfactory results.
The Neurocognitive Phenotype of the 22Q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: Selective Deficit in Visual-Spatial Memory

The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (velocardiofacial/DiGeorge syndrome) is associated with a high frequency of learning disabilities. Although previous work has demonstrated that verbal skills are typically better preserved than non-verbal skills on both IQ and academic achievement testing in children with this syndrome, such measures are not sufficiently specific to determine a selective cognitive deficit. As part of an ongoing prospective study of patients with this syndrome, 29 children aged 517 with confirmed 22q11.2 deletions were assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological test battery, including matched tasks of verbal and visuospatial memory. Results indicate that 22q patients displayed a selective deficit in visual-spatial memory, which was mirrored by deficits in arithmetic and general visual-spatial cognition. Further, a dissociation between visual-spatial and object memory was observed, indicating further selectivity of this pattern of deficit, and providing evidence for the dissociability of these components of visual cognition. These results indicate that children with 22q11.2 deletions display a specific neurocognitive phenotype, and suggest that this region of Chromosome 22q11 may harbor a gene or genes relevant to the etiology of nonverbal learning deficits.
Masculinities, Work, and Retirement Among Older Men Who Experience Depression

The high incidence of depression among older men has been linked to numerous factors. In this qualitative descriptive study of 30 older, Canadian-based men who experienced depression, we explored the connections between participants’ depression, masculinities, work, and retirement. Our analyses revealed three thematic findings. The recursive relationship between depression and work was reflected in depression impeding and emerging from paid work, whereby men’s careers and work achievements were negatively impacted by depression amid assertions that unfulfilling work could also invoke depression. Lost or unrealized empires highlighted the centrality of wealth accumulation and negative impact of many participants’ unfulfilled paid work aspirations. Retirement as loss and the therapeutic value of work reflected how masculine ideals influenced men to continue working to avoid the losses they associated with retirement. The findings confirm the need to support men’s work-related transitions by affirming a diversity of masculine identities beyond traditional workman/breadwinner roles.
Solving IK problems for open chains using optimization methods

Algorithms solving inverse problems for simple (open) kinematic chains are presented in this paper. Due to very high kinematics chains construction complexity, those algorithms should be as universal as possible. That is why optimization methods are used. They allow fast and accurate calculations for arbitrary kinematics chains constructions, permitting them to be used with success in robotics and similar domains.
Cross-cultural Differences in Compensation Level and Inequality across Occupations: A Set-theoretic Analysis

Compensation level and compensation inequality, as central aspects of modern organizations, are vital for organization studies. Previous research has investigated various aspects of compensation systems, but few studies have taken a cross-cultural perspective. I address this need for cross-cultural research by studying compensation and culture utilizing a configurational approach, investigating combinations of cultural and macro-environmental attributes associated with differences in compensation level and compensation inequality. I apply fuzzy set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) to analyze country-level data encompassing four occupational groups (cleaners, secretaries, mid-level managers, and senior managers) from 44 countries. Findings show configurations of cultural dimensions, development, and welfare state that are sufficient for high compensation level and compensation inequality among these four occupations. Implications for future cross-cultural research on compensation are discussed.
Fe2vCl2: From Bare Metal to High Performance Computing on Virtual Clusters and Cloud Infrastructure

Container based virtualization techniques are playing a more and more important role in cloud and service oriented computing. Technologies, such as Docker, enable the development and deployment of new and especially light weight applications and allow for a more cloud provider independent operation. Even though cloud infrastructure and containers offer many advantages, both technologies have yet to be widely utilized in the field of High Performance Computing. In this paper we present Fe2vCl2, a framework for enabling HPC applications on common cloud infrastructure. Using Docker to integrate it into cloud environments, our framework allows the on-demand deployment of virtual clusters for the parallel execution of HPC applications. We describe our overall application architecture along with the advantages of both technologies, especially with regard to HPC applications. In order to verify our implementation we evaluate it using different HPC applications and benchmarks.
Using VTLN for broadcast news transcription

Vocal tract length normalisation (VTLN) is a commonly used speaker normalisation approach. It is attractive compared to many normalisation schemes as it is typically dependent on only a single parameter, allowing the warp factors to be robustly calculated on little data. However, the scheme normally requires explicitly coding the data at multiple warp factors. Furthermore, it is only possible to approximate the Jacobian associated with the VTLN transformation. A new, simple, linear approximation to VTLN is described in this paper. This linear approximation allows the Jacobian to be exactly computed. It can also be highly ef(cid:2)cient in terms of warp factor estimation and application of the warp factors. Both the linear and standard CUED VTLN schemes were evaluated in the 2003 BNE evaluation framework and found to yield similar performance. When used in system combination both VTLN schemes yielded slight gains over the baseline system.
Personality and lexical decision times for evaluative words

We studied personality influences on accessibility of pleasant and unpleasant stimuli in a sample of 129 students. Self‐reports and reports by knowledgeable informants on extraversion, neuroticism, approach temperament and avoidance temperament were combined with a go/no‐go lexical decision task that included pleasant, unpleasant and neutral words, and two response modes, manual and vocal. The data were analysed using multilevel modelling. Extraversion and approach temperament predicted faster identification of pleasant words than of neutral and of unpleasant words. Vocal responses took longer than manual responses, but mode of response did not interact with the valence of the words. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
At the end of the road? On differences between women and men in leadership behaviour

Purpose – This study aims to explore behavioural differences between women and men in managerial positions and suggest explanations for differences and similarities.Design/methodology/approach – In order to eliminate any effects of organizational differences on leadership behaviour, this study had public managers responding to questionnaires that measured their leadership style, decision‐making style, and motivation profile.Findings – Statistical analyses of data from three groups of Swedish public managers (n=385) revealed virtually no significant differences in behaviour between female and male managers. Regardless of whether there is a female or male majority of employees or a female or male majority of managers, no effect on leadership behaviour occurs.Originality/value – A number of studies indicate that managers' behaviour is different in different types of organizations. This study suggests, therefore, that, independent of gender, organizational and demographic characteristics modify leadership beh.
Dynorphin-Kappa Opioid Receptor Signaling Partly Mediates Estrogen Negative Feedback Effect on LH Pulses in Female Rats

Abstract Accumulating evidence suggests that the arcuate nucleus (ARC) kisspeptin/neurokinin B (NKB)/dynorphin (KNDy) neurons play a role in estrogen negative feedback action on pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)/luteinizing hormone (LH) release. The present study aimed to determine if dynorphin (Dyn) is involved in estrogen negative feedback on pulsatile GnRH/LH release. The effect of the injection of nor-binaltorphimine (nor-BNI), a kappa-opioid receptor (KOR) antagonist, into the third cerebroventricle (3V) on LH pulses was determined in ovariectomized (OVX) adult female rats with/without replacement of negative feedback levels of estradiol (low E2). The mean LH concentrations and baseline levels of LH secretion in nor-BNI-injected, low E2-treated rats were significantly higher compared with vehicle-treated controls. On the other hand, the nor-BNI treatment failed to affect any LH pulse parameters in OVX rats without low E2 treatment. These results suggest that Dyn is involved in the estrogen negative feedback regulation of pulsatile GnRH/LH release. The low E2 treatment had no significant effect on the numbers of ARC Pdyn (Dyn gene)-,Kiss1- and Tac2 (NKB gene)-expressing cells. The treatment also did not affect mRNA levels of Pdyn and Oprk1 (KOR gene) in the ARC-median eminence region, but significantly increased the ARC kisspeptin immunoreactivity. These findings suggest that the negative feedback level of estrogen suppresses kisspeptin release from the ARC KNDy neurons through an unknown mechanism without affecting the Dyn and KOR expressions in the ARC. Taken together, the present result suggests that Dyn-KOR signaling is a part of estrogen negative feedback action on GnRH/LH pulses by reducing the kisspeptin release in female rats.
The attitudes of middle school students towards the environment

We examined the environmental attitudes of middle school students in this cross-sectional study. A questionnaire was administered to 6th, 7th, and 8th grade students at 5 middle schools in Ankara, Turkey. Average in analyses, standard deviation, t test, single-factor analysis, and Tukey’s tests were used to analyze data. The results showed that attitudes of 6th, 7th, and 8th grade students towards the environment were generally positive and statistically significantly related to school, class, education level of father, education level of mother, and monthly income status.
DeepID-Net: multi-stage and deformable deep convolutional neural networks for object detection

In this paper, we propose multi-stage and deformable deep convolutional neural networks for object detection. This new deep learning object detection diagram has innovations in multiple aspects. In the proposed new deep architecture, a new deformation constrained pooling (defpooling) layer models the deformation of object parts with geometric constraint and penalty. With the proposed multistage training strategy, multiple classifiers are jointly optimized to process samples at different difficulty levels. A ne w pre-training strategy is proposed to learn feature represe ntations more suitable for the object detection task and with good generalization capability. By changing the net structures, training strategies, adding and removing some key components in the detection pipeline, a set of models with large diversity are obtained, which significantly improves the effectiveness of modeling averaging. The proposed approach ranked #2 in ILSVRC 2014. It improves the mean averaged precision obtained by RCNN, which is the stateof-the-art of object detection, from31% to 45%. Detailed component-wise analysis is also provided through extensiv e experimental evaluation.
Othering, racial hierarchies and identity construction in Japanese television advertising

Although non-Japanese actors have appeared in Japanese television commercials for years, little systematic research has been conducted on them. Using a sample of 20,000 commercials, this article shows that the inclusion of ‘Others’ in TV commercials conforms to an artificial ‘racial hierarchy’ that mirrors Japanese society’s perception of racial groups. White people appear more often than all other groups combined, are represented through discernible stereotypes and advertise nearly all product categories. By contrast, blacks and non-Japanese Asians are associated with a narrower range. The former appear as musicians and athletes; the latter are either famous celebrities or associated with products from their countries of origin. These ‘Others’ are often stereotyped in ways that differentiate them from Japanese. Overall, this article provides insight into the attitudes of the Japanese toward ‘Others’, contributing both to the long-standing discourse of Japanese exceptionalism (nihonjinron) and the understanding of Japanese society in a globalizing world.
In-Service Teacher Beliefs about the Causes of Success and Failure in Music

A BS T R AC T Motivation has been cited as one of the most dominant predictors of student academic achievement and is recognized as one of the most important educational challenges. The purpose of the present study was to examine attribution theory in relationship to motivation and achievement, and the perceptions of in-service school music teachers. Three hundred and nine music teachers from different school systems across a southeastern U.S. state were asked to complete Asmus’s Music Attribution Orientation Scale (MAOS) to determine those causes that music teachers attribute most to student success or failure in music. Causal attributions were also examined by gender and school level. Findings revealed that music teachers in general tend to attribute effort and ability as the leading causes of student success or failure in music. No significant difference was found for causal attributions between genders or among school levels. Implications for teaching and research are discussed.
A relational model of types-and-effects in higher-order concurrent separation logic

Recently we have seen a renewed interest in programming languages that tame the complexity of state and concurrency through refined type systems with more fine-grained control over effects. In addition to simplifying reasoning and eliminating whole classes of bugs, statically tracking effects opens the door to advanced compiler optimizations. In this paper we present a relational model of a type-and-effect system for a higher-order, concurrent program- ming language. The model precisely captures the semantic invariants expressed by the effect annotations. We demonstrate that these invariants are strong enough to prove advanced program transformations, including automatic parallelization of expressions with suitably disjoint effects. The model also supports refinement proofs between abstract data types implementations with different internal data representations, including proofs that fine-grained concurrent algorithms refine their coarse-grained counterparts. This is the first model for such an expressive language that supports both effect-based optimizations and data abstraction. The logical relation is defined in Iris, a state-of-the-art higher-order concurrent separation logic. This greatly simplifies proving well-definedness of the logical relation and also provides us with a powerful logic for reasoning in the model.
Tramadol, Pharmacology, Side Effects, and Serotonin Syndrome: A Review.

BACKGROUND Serotonin syndrome is a mild to potentially life-threatening syndrome associated with excessive serotonergic activity within the central nervous system. Serotonin syndrome is associated with medication use, drug interactions, and overdose. While serotonin syndrome is often associated with the use of selective serotonin inhibitors (SSRI), an increasing number of reports are being presented involving the use of tramadol. METHODS This review article contains an overview of serotonin syndrome while specifically looking at tramadol's pharmacology and risk factors for serotonin syndrome. With tramadol's increasing popularity, the goal of this article is to make physicians more alert and aware of this potential side effect associated with tramadol. CONCLUSIONS In conclusion, with the increasing incidence of serotonin syndrome, prescribing physicians should be aware of and educate their patients on the potential side effects of tramadol. It is important that the prescribing physician reviews patient medications for concurrent serotonergic drugs and monitors for potential abuse.
Shadow of the Future, Risk Aversion, and Employee Cooperation

In this paper, we examine whether and how the shadow of the future and risk aversion affect employee cooperation with the employer. We distinguish, formalize and test two conflicting arguments as used in the literature, which we denote the reward argument and the relation argument. Whereas the reward argument predicts that risk aversion affects cooperation in a negative way, the relation argument predicts a positive effect of risk aversion on cooperation. We show that both arguments are consistent with the view that a longer shadow of the future increases cooperation. Hypotheses are tested against survey data obtained from two samples of Dutch employees (N =109 and N = 213, respectively). The results suggest moderate support for the relation argument.
Experimental Folate and Vitamin B12 Deficiency Does Not Alter Bone Quality in Rats

Hyperhomocysteinemia (HHCY) has been linked to fragility fractures and osteoporosis. Folate and vitamin B12 deficiencies are among the main causes of HHCY. However, the impact of these vitamins on bone health has been poorly studied. This study analyzed the effect of folate and vitamin B12 deficiency on bone in rats. We used two groups of rats: a control group (Co, n = 10) and a vitamin‐deficient group (VitDef, n = 10). VitDef animals were fed for 12 wk with a folate‐ and vitamin B12–free diet. Co animals received an equicaloric control diet. Tissue and plasma concentrations of homocysteine (HCY), S‐adenosyl‐homocysteine (SAH), and S‐adenosyl‐methionine (SAM) were measured. Bone quality was assessed by biomechanical testing (maximum force of an axial compression test; Fmax), histomorphometry (bone area/total area; B.Ar./T.Ar.], and the measurement of biochemical bone turnover markers (osteocalcin, collagen I C‐terminal cross‐laps [CTX]). VitDef animals developed significant HHCY (Co versus VitDef: 6.8 ± 2.7 versus 61.1 ± 12.8 μM, p < 0.001) that was accompanied by a high plasma concentration of SAH (Co versus VitDef: 24.1 ± 5.9 versus 86.4 ± 44.3 nM, p < 0.001). However, bone tissue concentrations of HCY, SAH, and SAM were similar in the two groups. Fmax, B.Ar. /T.Ar. , OC, and CTX did not differ between VitDef and Co animals, indicating that bone quality was not affected. Folate and vitamin B12 deficiency induces distinct HHCY but has no effect on bone health in otherwise healthy adult rats. The unchanged HCY metabolism in bone is the most probable explanation for the missing effect of the vitamin‐free diet on bone.