Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Does a Better Job Match Make Women Happier? Work Orientations, Work-Care Choices and Subjective Well-Being in Germany

The study examines the effects of work orientations and work-leisure choices alongside the effect of genes or personality traits on subjective well-being (SWB). The former effects are assumed to be mediated by the match between women's preferred and actual number of working hours indicating labor market and time constraints. Data come from 24 waves of the German (SOEP) Household Panel (1984-2007). Random and fixed-effect panel regression models are estimated. Work orientations and work-leisure choices indeed matter for women's SWB but the effects are strongly mediated by the job match especially for younger birth cohorts and higher educated women. Therefore, apart from the impact of genes or personality traits preferences and choices as well as labor market and time constraints matter significantly for the well-being of women, providing partial support to the role (scarcity-expansion) theory and the combination pressure thesis while at the same time challenging set-point theory.
Numerical Modelling Of The V-J Combinations Of The T Cell Receptor TRA/TRD Locus

T-Cell antigen Receptor (TR) repertoire is generated through rearrangements of V and J genes encoding α and β chains. The quantification and frequency for every V-J combination during ontogeny and development of the immune system remain to be precisely established. We have addressed this issue by building a model able to account for Vα-Jα gene rearrangements during thymus development of mice. So we developed a numerical model on the whole TRA/TRD locus, based on experimental data, to estimate how Vα and Jα genes become accessible to rearrangements. The progressive opening of the locus to V-J gene recombinations is modeled through windows of accessibility of different sizes and with different speeds of progression. Furthermore, the possibility of successive secondary V-J rearrangements was included in the modelling. The model points out some unbalanced V-J associations resulting from a preferential access to gene rearrangements and from a non-uniform partition of the accessibility of the J genes, depending on their location in the locus. The model shows that 3 to 4 successive rearrangements are sufficient to explain the use of all the V and J genes of the locus. Finally, the model provides information on both the kinetics of rearrangements and frequencies of each V-J associations. The model accounts for the essential features of the observed rearrangements on the TRA/TRD locus and may provide a reference for the repertoire of the V-J combinatorial diversity.
Attachment Security, Mindfulness, and Psychotherapy: Testing a Mediational Model

Title of Document: ATTACHMENT SECURITY, MINDFULNESS, PSYCHOTHERAPY: TESTING A MEDIATIONAL MODEL Yueher Ma, Doctor of Philosophy, 2008 Directed by: Dr. Charles J. Gelso, Department of Psychology Previous research shows theoretical and/or empirical support for the relation between attachment security and adaptive functioning, between mindfulness and adaptive functioning, as well as between attachment security and mindfulness. Besides, mindfulness is considered to be theoretically similar to several constructs that has been identified as significant mediators in the relation between attachment security and positive life adaptations (e.g., reflective functioning, affect regulation strategies). The present study mainly examined whether mindfulness mediated the relation between attachment security and adaptive functioning in a clinical sample that consisted of students from a large mid-Atlantic university (N = 90, Mage = 20.96, SD = 3.15). According to the participants’ retrospective pre-therapy and current post-therapy selfreport ratings, significant associations were discovered between attachment security and adaptive functioning, between mindfulness and adaptive functioning, as well as between attachment security and mindfulness before and after therapy. Also, the results supported the mediating role of mindfulness in the link between attachment security and adaptive functioning both prior and subsequent to therapy. Limitations of this study, directions for future research, and implications for clinical practice were discussed. ATTACHMENT SECURITY, MINDFULNESS, AND PSYCHOTHERAPY: TESTING A MEDIATIONAL MODEL
Influenza vaccine effectiveness, 2010/11.

To the editor: The editorial [1] and the articles related to it published on 17 March 2011 in Eurosurveillance provide important information on preliminary midseason influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates for the 2010/11 season. Reliable VE estimates are essential for effective communication and planning of scarce resources. It is important to assess concordance between pooled European data [2] and national estimates, to evaluate on the one hand whether pooling indeed provides more robust estimates, and on the other hand, to explore potential geographical variation in such estimates.
Development and Test of a Theory of Technological Learning and Usage

Beliefs, attitudes, and intentions are important factors in the adoption of computer technologies. While contemporary representations have focused on explaining the act of using computers, the role of learning to use the computer needs to be better understood within the overall adoption process. Inadequate learning can curtail the adoption and use of a potentially productive system. We introduce a new theoretical model, the theory of trying, in which computer learning is conceptualized as a goal determined by three attitude components: attitude toward success, attitude toward failure, and attitude toward the process of goal pursuit. Intentions to try and actual trying are the theoretical mechanisms linking these goal-directed attitudes to goal attainment. An empirical study is conducted to ascertain the construct validity and utility of the new theory within the context of the adoption of a word processing package. Specifically, we examine convergent validity, internal consistency reliability, stability, discriminant validity, criterion related validity, predictive validity, and nomological validity in a longitudinal field study of 107 users of the program. The new theory is compared to two models: the theory of reasoned action from the field of social psychology and the technology acceptance model, recently introduced in the management literature. Overall, the findings stress the importance of scrutinizing the goals of decision makers and their psychological reactions to these goals in the prediction of the adoption of computers.
Food and the Perception of Eating: The Case of Young Taiwanese Consumers

This study explores the food perception of young Taiwanese consumers, a growing market segment in the restaurant industry. An innovative qualitative tool known as the Zaltman Metaphor Elicitation Technique (ZMET) was employed to elicit deeper thoughts and emotions of young consumers. Twelve Taiwanese from Generation Y were invited to participate in a ZMET interview where they expressed their perceptions concerning food and eating through self-collected images. The data were analyzed using constant comparative method and charted on a consensus map. Five themes have evolved from the consensus map: health, trying new food, sharing, enhancing knowledge, and happiness. Findings reveal that young Taiwanese consumers are health-conscious and have high acceptance of novel food. They perceive food as a means of enjoyment and fostering social relationships. This study has contributed additional perspectives to existing literature by revealing the function of food in enhancing knowledge, as well as unveiling the deep-seated meanings of food associated with consumer's personal relevance values. Marketing implications for the restaurant industry targeting young Taiwanese consumers are proposed.
The incidence, risk factors and prognostic implications of venous thromboembolism in patients with gastric cancer

Summary. Background: Data on venous thromboembolism (VTE) in gastric cancer (GC) are very scarce. Objective: To investigate the incidence, risk factors and prognostic implications of VTE in Asian GC patients. Methods: Prospective databases containing clinical information on GC patients (n = 2,085) were used. Results: The 2‐year cumulative incidences of all VTE events were 0.5%, 3.5% and 24.4% in stages I, II–IV(M0) and IV(M1), respectively. Advanced stage, older age and no major surgery were independent risk factors for developing VTE. When the VTE cases were classified into extremity venous thrombosis (EVT), pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) or intra‐abdominal venous thrombosis (IVT), IVTs (62%) were more common than EVTs (21%) or PTEs (17%). Although peri‐operative pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis was not routinely administered, the VTE incidence after major surgery was only 0.2%. During chemotherapy, EVT/PTE developed more frequently than IVT (54% vs. 19%); however, during untreated or treatment‐refractory periods, IVT developed more frequently than EVT/PTE (69% vs. 36%). In multivariate models, the development of EVT/PTE was a significant predictor of early death when compared with no occurrence of VTE (P < 0.05). However, IVT did not affect survival. Conclusion: This is the largest study that specially focused on VTE in GC and the VTE incidence in Asian GC patients was first demonstrated. Considering the low incidence of post‐operative VTE development, the necessity of peri‐operative pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis should be evaluated separately in Asian patients. The clinical situation of the development of EVT/PTE and IVT differed. Only EVT/PTE had an adverse effect on survival and IVT had no prognostic significance.
X-Similarity: Computing Semantic Similarity between Concepts from Different Ontologies

Semantic Similarity relates to computing the similarity between concepts (terms) which are not necessarily lexically similar. We investigate approaches for computing semantic similarity by mapping terms to an ontology and by examining their relationships in that ontology. More specifically, we investigate approaches to computing the semantic similarity between natural language terms (using WordNet as the underlying reference ontology) and between medical terms (using the MeSH ontology of medical and biomedical terms). The most popular semantic similarity methods are implemented and evaluated using WordNet and MeSH. The focus of this work is also on cross ontology methods which are capable of computing the semantic similarity between terms stemming from different ontologies (WordNet and MeSH in this work). This is a far more difficult problem (than the single ontology one referred to above) which has not been investigated adequately in the literature. X-Similarity, a novel cross-ontology similarity method is also a contribution of this work. All methods examined in this work are integrated into a semantic similarity system which is accessible on the Web.
Overcoming a Pitfall of Circularity in Research on Problem Solving by Mathematically Gifted Schoolchildren

A considerable portion of research on mathematical giftedness seeks to compare between problem-solving experiences of gifted and average-ability schoolchildren. In some comparative studies, either quantitative or qualitative, some of the identified differences can be (implicitly) embedded in the study design. In light of the evaluation criteria adopted from research on general intellectual abilities and problem-solving competences, such studies bear a danger of falling into the pitfall of circularity. The goal of this article is to discuss three ways of overcoming this pitfall. The discussion converges to methodological implications for evaluating past research and conducting further research on problem solving by mathematically gifted schoolchildren. RésuméUne bonne partie de la recherche sur le talent mathématique vise à comparer les expériences de résolution de problèmes chez les enfants doués et les enfants d’habileté moyenne à l’école. Dans certaines études comparatives, qu’elles soient quantitatives ou qualitatives, au moins une partie des différences relevées sont (implicitement) liées à la conception même de la recherche. À la lumière des critères d’évaluation adoptés dans les études sur les habileté intellectuelles générales et sur la capacité de résoudre le problèmes, il appert que ces études courent le risque de tomber dans le panneau de la circularité. Le but de cet article est de présenter trois façons d’éviter ce risque. l’article se penche ensuite sur certaines implications méthodologiques permettant d’évaluer les recherches antérieure sur le sujet et d’ouvrir de nouvelles perspectives de recherche sur la résolution de problèmes chez les enfants particulièrement doués pour les mathématiques.
The value of event history techniques for understanding social processes: Modelling women's employment behaviour after motherhood

Over the last two decades there has been an increase in the longitudinal data available to social scientists, and this has been accompanied by the development of concepts and tools which allow for a rigorous approach to empirical research. However, there is still an appreciable gap between the methodological innovations within the field of applied statistics and the everyday practice of the majority of social scientists. The aim of this paper is therefore to demonstrate some of the advantages of using event history data to underpin our understanding of social processes. In particular, the paper explores the benefits of using SABRE (Software for the analysis of binary recurrent events, developed at the University of Lancaster) as a tool for carrying out event history analysis. The specific advantage of this software is that it allows the researcher to focus on duration effects or temporal dependencies in the social process under investigation. The substantive focus of the paper is the way in which women manage to combine paid employment with motherhood. Analyses are based on data from women's life histories, collected as part of the fifth sweep of the National Child Development Survey carried out in 1991. Within this paper, the primary focus is on the conceptual issues raised by modelling event history data; statistical terminology and notation has been kept to a minimum.
Fluid intelligence, inductive reasoning, and working memory: Where the theory of Multiple Intelligences falls short

In this paper, I argue that empirical investigations of human abilities show that abilities are not only correlated, but also organized hierarchically. Of particular import was Gustafsson’s (1988) demonstration that General ability (G) is largely synonymous with General Fluid ability (Gf) which in turn is a stand-in for Inductive Reasoning ability (IR). Theories of human abilities that ignore the central role of inductive reasoning are fundamentally flawed. Cognitive research suggests that the ability to maintain, transform, and coordinate information in working memory is at the core of reasoning abilities. The Theory of Multiple Intelligences (Gardner, 1983) misleads because it denies the existence of a central working memory and the importance of inductive reasoning abilities. It turns out, however, that these are two aspects of the same thing.
Public Relations and Diplomacy in a Globalized World: An Issue of Public Communication

This article builds on earlier conceptual analyses that have contrasted public relations with diplomacy and public diplomacy at conceptual and applied levels, to consider further the theoretical and global issues of public relations’ diplomatic work for states and organizations in the context of globalization. A key feature of such work is its intercultural nature, at the organizational, ethnic, and state levels. The discussion draws inspiration from a range of disciplines including public relations, international relations, strategic studies, media studies, peace studies, management studies, cultural studies, and anthropology. Linking public diplomacy to public relations usefully reconnects public relations to power, which has largely been ignored by dominant organizational-management approaches to the subject.
Increase of Universality in Human Brain during Mental Imagery from Visual Perception

Background Different complex systems behave in a similar way near their critical points of phase transitions which leads to an emergence of a universal scaling behaviour. Universality indirectly implies a long-range correlation between constituent subsystems. As the distributed correlated processing is a hallmark of higher complex cognition, I investigated a measure of universality in human brain during perception and mental imagery of complex real-life visual object like visual art. Methodology/Principal Findings A new method was presented to estimate the strength of hidden universal structure in a multivariate data set. In this study, I investigated this method in the electrical activities (electroencephalogram signals) of human brain during complex cognition. Two broad groups - artists and non-artists - were studied during the encoding (perception) and retrieval (mental imagery) phases of actual paintings. Universal structure was found to be stronger in visual imagery than in visual perception, and this difference was stronger in artists than in non-artists. Further, this effect was found to be largest in the theta band oscillations and over the prefrontal regions bilaterally. Conclusions/Significance Phase transition like dynamics was observed in the electrical activities of human brain during complex cognitive processing, and closeness to phase transition was higher in mental imagery than in real perception. Further, the effect of long-term training on the universal scaling was also demonstrated.
A CMOS rail-to-rail linear VI-converter

A linear CMOS VI-converter operating in strong inversion with a common-mode input range from the negative to the positive supply rail is presented. The circuit consists of three linear VI-converters based on the difference of squares principle. Two of these perform the actual V to I conversion, while the third changes the bias currents of the first two in response to changes in the input common-mode level. The resulting circuit has a large signal transconductance which is constant to within 3% over the entire common-mode input range. It can operate from a single supply voltage of 2.2 volts.
Promoting the development of a conceptual change model of science instruction in prospective secondary biology teachers

This paper reports a study of the impact of an initial teacher education programme on the development of a conceptual change model of instruction in prospective biology teachers. Analysis of the performance in teaching practice indicates that the subjects achieved significant improvement in the various skills related to this instruction model. However, mastery of these skills was not evident, especially in the response to pupils' alternative conceptions, the presentation of chalkboard layout, the use of high order questions to probe understanding and facilitate concept development, and the conduct of interactive learning activities. This can be related to the subjects' lack of teaching experience and inadequate subject knowledge, the passive learning attitude of pupils, constraints in time and resources, and the non-supportive conditions in schools.
Telephone Support Groups for Seniors with Disabilities*

RÉSUMÉ On constate une augmentation de la population des aîné(e)s souffrant d'invalidité, qui sont mal soutenus et qui sont seuls. Bien qu'un groupe de soutien puisse être formé par les pairs, les aîné(e)s dont les capacités physiques sont limitées y ont bien souvent difficilement accès. Ce projet visait à établir un groupe de soutien téléphonique pour les aîné(e)s souffrant d'invalidité et à en vérifier les résultats. L'étude se composait de six questions. On a formé quatre groupes de soutien téléphonique constitué de cinq à six membres chacun (n = 23) ayant à leur tête un spécialiste et un aîné(e). Les groupes se rencontraient une fois la semaine pendant 12 semaines. Une analyse qualitative de la transcription des appels et des interventions subséquentes des participants et des chefs a révélé une diminution des besoins de soutien, moins de solitude et une meilleure réaction face aux circonstances. La sélection, la formation et l'appui des pairs et des spécialistes ainsi qu'un bonne orientation des échanges ont été des facteurs importants du succès des groupes. ABSTRACT The growing population of seniors with disabilities experiences unmet support needs and loneliness. Although support deficiencies can be overcome by peers in support groups, most support groups are inaccessible to older adults with limited physical functioning. Accordingly, this project aimed to develop and test the impact of an accessible telephone support group intervention for seniors with disabilities. Six research questions guided the study. Four telephone support groups with five to six participants (n = 23) were created, each with a professional and a peer (senior) leader. The groups met once a week for 12 weeks. Qualitative analyses of the telephone transcripts and post-intervention interviews of participants and leaders revealed decreased support needs, diminished loneliness, and enhanced coping. Selection, training, and support of peer and professional leaders and member control of discussions were important ingredients of successful support groups.
Dynamic Matrix Factorization with Priors on Unknown Values

Advanced and effective collaborative filtering methods based on explicit feedback assume that unknown ratings do not follow the same model as the observed ones not missing at random). In this work, we build on this assumption, and introduce a novel dynamic matrix factorization framework that allows to set an explicit prior on unknown values. When new ratings, users, or items enter the system, we can update the factorization in time independent of the size of data (number of users, items and ratings). Hence, we can quickly recommend items even to very recent users. We test our methods on three large datasets, including two very sparse ones, in static and dynamic conditions. In each case, we outrank state-of-the-art matrix factorization methods that do not use a prior on unknown ratings.
Satisfying V2 in early Romance: Merge vs. Move1

In early Romance the finite verb raises in root clauses to the vacant C position, a movement operation frequently accompanied in turn by fronting of a pragmatically salient constituent to a preverbal position within the C-domain. Although this structural characterization of early Romance V2 word order overwhelmingly accounts for the core cases, there remains a smaller number of contexts in which the V2 effect appears to be satisfied by other means. More specifically, in addition to the move option, we argue that the V2 constraint may be met in early Romance by the Merge option: in the former case this involves movement of the finite verb to the empty C head, whereas in the latter case the V2 requirement is met by merging sì (<sic ‘thus, so’) directly in C°. This analysis radically departs from traditional analyses of Romance sì, which characterize it either as a coordinating conjunction or, in recent generative analyses, as a pleonastic phrasal category associated with a specifier position within CP. Our proposed analysis makes some interesting and novel predictions both about the rather restricted distribution of sì in Old Neapolitan, many aspects of which remain unexplained under the alternative accounts, and the C-related functional positions involved in medieval Romance V2.