Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lipid-sensors, enigmatic-orphan and orphan nuclear receptors as therapeutic targets in breast-cancer

Breast-cancer is heterogeneous and consists of various groups with different biological characteristics. Innovative pharmacological approaches accounting for this heterogeneity are needed. The forty eight human Nuclear-Hormone-Receptors are ligand-dependent transcription-factors and are classified into Endocrine-Receptors, Adopted-Orphan-Receptors (Lipid-sensors and Enigmatic-Orphans) and Orphan-receptors. Nuclear-Receptors represent ideal targets for the design/synthesis of pharmacological ligands. We provide an overview of the literature available on the expression and potential role played by Lipid-sensors, Enigmatic-Orphans and Orphan-Receptors in breast-cancer. The data are complemented by an analysis of the expression levels of each selected Nuclear-Receptor in the PAM50 breast-cancer groups, following re-elaboration of the data publicly available. The major aim is to support the idea that some of the Nuclear-Receptors represent largely unexploited therapeutic-targets in breast-cancer treatment/chemo-prevention. On the basis of our analysis, we conclude that the Lipid-Sensors, NR1C3, NR1H2 and NR1H3 are likely to be onco-suppressors in breast-cancer. The Enigmatic-Orphans, NR1F1 NR2A1 and NR3B3 as well as the Orphan-Receptors, NR0B1, NR0B2, NR1D1, NR2F1, NR2F2 and NR4A3 exert a similar action. These Nuclear-Receptors represent candidates for the development of therapeutic strategies aimed at increasing their expression or activating them in tumor cells. The group of Nuclear-Receptors endowed with potential oncogenic properties consists of the Lipid-Sensors, NR1C2 and NR1I2, the Enigmatic-Orphans, NR1F3, NR3B1 and NR5A2, as well as the Orphan-Receptors, NR2E1, NR2E3 and NR6A1. These oncogenic Nuclear-Receptors should be targeted with selective antagonists, reverse-agonists or agents/strategies capable of reducing their expression in breast-cancer cells.
Adjuvant‐induced inflammation of rat paw is associated with altered calcitonin gene‐related peptide immunoreactivity within cell bodies and peripheral endings of primary afferent neurons

Local inflammation is associated with profound changes in the biochemistry and physiology of primary afferent nerve fibers and the central neurons responding to their signals. In some tissues, the neural changes accompanying inflammation include sprouting and cytochemical changes that are delayed several days after the initial injury. In the present stydiy, we have analyzed the effect of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA)‐induced inflammation in the rat paw on clacitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) immunoreactivity (IR) in dorsal root ganglia and within tissue of the inflamed paw. We quantified the CGRP‐IR within the L1, L4, and L6 ganglia, and in ankle, midpaw, joint and toe tissues.
“The Cooties Effect”: Amygdala Reactivity to Opposite- versus Same-sex Faces Declines from Childhood to Adolescence

One of the most important social identities that children learn to define themselves and others by is sex, becoming a salient social category by early childhood. Although older children begin to show greater flexibility in their gendered behaviors and attitudes, gender rigidity intensifies again around the time of puberty. In the current study, we assessed behavioral and neural biases to sex across a wide age group. Ninety-three youth (ages 7–17 years) provided behavioral rating of same- and opposite-sex attitudes, and 52 youth (ages 4–18 years) underwent an fMRI scan as they matched the emotion of same- and opposite-sex faces. We demonstrate significant age-related behavioral biases of sex that are mediated by differential amygdala response to opposite-sex relative to same-sex faces in children, an effect that completely attenuates by the teenage years. Moreover, we find a second peak in amygdala sensitivity to opposite-sex faces around the time of puberty. Thus, the amygdala codes for developmentally dependent and motivationally relevant social identification across development.
Robustness in the Graph Topology of a Common Adaptive Controller

For any $m$-input, $m$-output, finite- dimensional, linear, minimum-phase plant $P$ with first Markov parameter having spectrum in the open right half complex plane, it is well known that the adaptive output feedback control $C$, given by $u=-ky,\ \dot k= \|y\|^2$, yields a closed- loop system $[P,C]$ for which the state converges to zero, the signal $k$ converges to a finite limit, and all other signals are of class $L^2$. It is first shown that these properties continue to hold in the presence of $L^2$-input and $L^2$-output disturbances. Working within the conceptual framework of the nonlinear gap metric approach to robust stability, and by establishing gain function stability of an appropriate closed-loop operator, it is proved that these properties also persist when the plant $P$ is replaced with a stabilizable and detectable linear plant $P_1$ within a sufficiently small neighborhood of $P$ in the graph topology, provided that the plant initial data and the $L^2$ magnitude of the disturbances are sufficiently small. Example 9 of Georgiou and Smith [IEEE Trans. Automat. Control, 42 (1997), pp. 1200-1221] is revisited. Unstable behavior for large initial conditions and/or large $L^2$ disturbances is shown, demonstrating that the bounds obtained from the $L^2$ theory are qualitatively tight: this contrasts with the $L^\infty$-robustness analysis of Georgiou and Smith, which is insufficiently tight, to predict the stable behavior for small initial conditions and zero disturbances.
Modulation of Alloimmune Responses by Interleukin-10 Prevents Rejection of Implanted Allogeneic Smooth Muscle Cells and Restores Postinfarction Ventricular Function

Interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene transduction into allogeneic smooth muscle cells (SMCs) was evaluated to improve the long-term benefits of allogeneic cell transplantation into infarcted myocardium. Allogeneic cells, including SMCs, have been demonstrated to restore cardiac function and repair the infarcted myocardium, but late rejection of the transplanted cells by the host immune system may reverse the benefits of cell therapy. In a rat myocardial infarction model, three groups of rats were injected with either unmodified autologous, unmodified allogeneic, or allogeneic + IL-10 SMCs into the infarct region. Three weeks later, most of the allogeneic cells were rejected, whereas autologous cells were engrafted in the myocardium. IL-10 gene transduction of the allogeneic SMCs significantly improved the cell survival. To understand the mechanism of this improved survival, we evaluated the host immune responses against the SMCs. Allogeneic SMCs expressing IL-10 decreased leukocyte-mediated cytotoxicity in coculture, decreased the number of cytotoxic CD8+ T-cells, and increased the number of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T-cells in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, IL-10 prevented the production of antidonor antibodies by the recipients against the allogeneic SMCs. Transplantation of unmodified autologous SMCs, but not unmodified allogeneic SMCs, significantly improved fractional shortening and left ventricular dimensions compared to the media-injected control group. However, IL-10 gene-enhanced allogeneic SMCs improved ventricular function, increased wall thickness, and decreased scar length in association with their enhanced survival. We conclude that IL-10 gene-enhanced cell therapy with allogeneic SMCs prevents detrimental alloimmune responses in the recipient, thereby increasing the survival of transplanted allogeneic SMCs and more effectively restoring cardiac function.
Graph Mining with Variational Dirichlet Process Mixture Models

Graph data such as chemical compounds and XML documents are getting more common in many application domains. A main difficulty of graph data processing lies in the intrinsic high dimensionality of graphs, namely, when a graph is represented as a binary feature vector of indicators of all possible subgraph patterns, the dimensionality gets too large for usual statistical methods. We propose a nonparametric Bayesian method for clustering graphs and selecting salient patterns at the same time. Variational inference is adopted here, because sampling is not applicable due to extremely high dimensionality. The feature set minimizing the free energy is efficiently collected with the DFS code tree, where the generation of useless subgraphs is suppressed by a tree pruning condition. In experiments, our method is compared with a simpler approach based on frequent subgraph mining, and graph kernels.
Online breakage detection of multitooth tools using classifier ensembles for imbalanced data

Cutting tool breakage detection is an important task, due to its economic impact on mass production lines in the automobile industry. This task presents a central limitation: real data-sets are extremely imbalanced because breakage occurs in very few cases compared with normal operation of the cutting process. In this paper, we present an analysis of different data-mining techniques applied to the detection of insert breakage in multitooth tools. The analysis applies only one experimental variable: the electrical power consumption of the tool drive. This restriction profiles real industrial conditions more accurately than other physical variables, such as acoustic or vibration signals, which are not so easily measured. Many efforts have been made to design a method that is able to identify breakages with a high degree of reliability within a short period of time. The solution is based on classifier ensembles for imbalanced data-sets. Classifier ensembles are combinations of classifiers, which in many situations are more accurate than individual classifiers. Six different base classifiers are tested: Decision Trees, Rules, Naïve Bayes, Nearest Neighbour, Multilayer Perceptrons and Logistic Regression. Three different balancing strategies are tested with each of the classifier ensembles and compared to their performance with the original data-set: Synthetic Minority Over-Sampling Technique (SMOTE), undersampling and a combination of SMOTE and undersampling. To identify the most suitable data-mining solution, Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) graph and Recall-precision graph are generated and discussed. The performance of logistic regression ensembles on the balanced data-set using the combination of SMOTE and undersampling turned out to be the most suitable technique. Finally a comparison using industrial performance measures is presented, which concludes that this technique is also more suited to this industrial problem than the other techniques presented in the bibliography.
Functional microRNA generated from a cytoplasmic RNA virus

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, non-coding RNAs that play a pivotal role in the regulation of posttranscriptional gene expression in a wide range of eukaryotic organisms. Although DNA viruses have been shown to encode miRNAs and exploit the cellular RNA silencing machinery as a convenient way to regulate viral and host gene expression, it is generally believed that this pathway is not available to RNA viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm of the cell because miRNA biogenesis is initiated in the nucleus. In fact, among the >200 viral miRNAs that have been experimentally verified so far, none is derived from an RNA virus. Here, we show that a cytoplasmic RNA virus can indeed encode and produce a functional miRNA. We introduced a heterologous miRNA-precursor stem-loop sequence element into the RNA genome of the flavivirus tick-borne encephalitis virus, and this led to the production of a functional miRNA during viral infection without impairing viral RNA replication. These findings demonstrate that miRNA biogenesis can be used by cytoplasmic RNA viruses to produce regulatory molecules for the modulation of the transcriptome.
Investment and Attention in the Weblog Community

While the weblog medium has grown out of a few modest technological innovations, the social and behavioral aspects of this emerging practice represent a large shift towards a new form of interaction: a massively distributed but completely connected conversation covering every imaginable topic of interest. This paper seeks to understand the social implications of hypertext links within the community, both from a systemic view of the entire network, and also from the perspective of individual authors. Using a large corpus of weblogs collected over a one-month period, an analysis of the structural properties of the weblog readership network is presented. These findings are compared to the results of an online survey of weblog authors around the topics of weblog use and linking behavior. Both cases suggest that the largest contributing factor to weblog audience size is the amount that an author invests into the practice.
Record Matching over Query Results from Multiple Web Databases

Record matching, which identifies the records that represent the same real-world entity, is an important step for data integration. Most state-of-the-art record matching methods are supervised, which requires the user to provide training data. These methods are not applicable for the Web database scenario, where the records to match are query results dynamically generated on-the-fly. Such records are query-dependent and a prelearned method using training examples from previous query results may fail on the results of a new query. To address the problem of record matching in the Web database scenario, we present an unsupervised, online record matching method, UDD, which, for a given query, can effectively identify duplicates from the query result records of multiple Web databases. After removal of the same-source duplicates, the ¿presumed¿ nonduplicate records from the same source can be used as training examples alleviating the burden of users having to manually label training examples. Starting from the nonduplicate set, we use two cooperating classifiers, a weighted component similarity summing classifier and an SVM classifier, to iteratively identify duplicates in the query results from multiple Web databases. Experimental results show that UDD works well for the Web database scenario where existing supervised methods do not apply.
Using information in task models to support design of interactive safety-critical applications

The use of models has entered into current practice when developing various types of software product. However, there is a lack of methods able to use the information contained in relevant models concerning human-computer interaction for supporting the design and development of user interfaces. In this paper, we propose a method for using information contained in formally represented task models in order to support the design of interactive applications, with particular attention to those applications where both usability and safety are the main concern. Examples taken from our experience in a case study from the domain of Air Traffic Control are introduced and further discussed to explain how the method can be applied.
Convergence and finite determination of formal CR mappings

In this paper, we study the convergence and finite determination of formal holomorphic mappings of (C , 0) taking one real submanifold into another. By a formal (holomorphic) mapping H : (C , 0) → (C , 0), we mean an N -vector H = (H1, . . . , HN ), where each Hj is a formal power series in N indeterminates with no constant term. If M and M ′ are real smooth submanifolds through 0 in C defined near the origin by ρ(Z, Z) = 0 and ρ′(Z, Z) = 0 respectively, where ρ and ρ′ are vector valued smooth defining functions, then we say that a formal mapping H : (C , 0)→ (C , 0) sends M into M ′ if the vector valued power series ρ′(H(Z), H(Z)) is a (matrix) multiple of ρ(Z, Z). For real-analytic hypersurfaces, we shall prove the following. Theorem 1. Let M and M ′ be real-analytic hypersurfaces through the origin in C , N ≥ 2. Assume that neither M nor M ′ contains a nontrivial holomorphic subvariety through 0. Then any formal mapping H : (C , 0)→ (C , 0) sending M into M ′ is convergent. The condition that M ′ above does not contain a nontrivial holomorphic subvariety is necessary (see Remark 2.3). As a corollary we obtain the following characterization.
Involvement of cranial muscles and high intermuscular coherence in orthostatic tremor

Electromyographic recordings were conducted from limb, trunk, and cranial muscles in 6 patients with orthostatic tremor. Spectral analysis revealed a high‐frequency tremor not only in the muscles of the limbs and trunk, but also in cranial muscles. The cross spectra were analyzed between various pairs of muscles that displayed a high‐frequency tremor pattern. The resulting peak correlations were uniformly very high (near one) suggesting a high level of coherence. The involvement of cranial muscles suggests that supraspinal mechanisms are involved in the generation of orthostatic tremor. The high intermuscular coherence between all muscles indicates the existence of either a unique oscillator that generates tremor in all involved muscles on both sides of the body or a linking mechanism probably at a supraspinal level. The high‐frequency tremor was only found when the muscles were contracted isometrically, irrespective of body posture. Thus, tremor generation might be more closely linked to mechanisms responsible for isometric force control than to those involved in stance regulation. Ann Neurol 1999;45:384–388
Patterns of social support and mental health among ethnically-diverse adolescents during school transitions

This study investigated age and ethnicity variations in the association between patterns of perceived emotional support from family, friends, and teachers and depression in early and late adolescents during their transition to junior high school and college. Eighty-seven early and 106 late adolescents participated. Cluster analyses revealed four patterns: Youth who received emotional support only from friends and teachers were distinguishable from youth who received support from all three domains, only from their family, or only from teachers. Perceiving support from all three domains was associated with the lowest depressive symptoms. However, ethnic majority adolescents benefited more from this pattern than ethnic minority adolescents. To some degree, high emotional support in one domain cross-buffered low emotional support in another. Contrary to predictions, high family support protected ethnic minority adolescents only when other sources of support were not available.
On the impact of the NBTI recovery phenomenon on lifetime prediction of modern p-MOSFETs

The NBTI recovery phenomenon leads to a fast reduction of the stress induced electrical device parameter degradation after end of stress. Delay times between device-stress and -characterization within NBTI-experiments affect the measurement values of degradation. This work discusses the impact of these delays on lifetime prediction for technology qualifications. For this reason we investigate delay times from 1mus up to 60s and stress times from 100ms up to 250000s. A correlation between stress time, delay time induced recovery and error in predicted lifetime is elaborated for the first time. Furthermore we give simple guidelines for measurement requirements and essential stress times for accurate lifetime evaluations
A Critique of the Origins of Islamic Economic Thought

Through the presentation of Muslim material in administrative literature the author has developed a broader and more coherent picture of the way in which the 'Mirrors for Princes', the manuals on market supervision and on household fitted into a broader concept of centralised administration in Islamic political economy. This volume provides an enlightening and original synthesis of a great deal of economic literature that is usually treated in a rather fragmentary fashion with no common analytic thread.
Effects of dietary fat and season on steroid hormonal profiles before parturition and on hormonal, cholesterol, triglycerides, follicular patterns, and postpartum reproduction in Brahman cows.

Spring-calving Brahman cows (S) artificially inseminated to Brahman, Angus, or Tuli sires and fall-calving Brahman cows (F) naturally bred to Brahman were allotted randomly to receive 3.74% (LF; n = 9 S and 6 F), 5.20% (MF; n = 8 S and 6 F), or 6.55% dietary fat (HF; n = 8 S). Diets were formulated to contain differing fatty acid concentrations and to be isocaloric and isonitrogenous. Cows were bled and fed twice daily from 2 wk before expected calving date through d 21 after calving. Ultrasonography was performed on d 14 and 21 after calving. From d 21 to 90 after calving a sterile bull equipped with a chin-ball marker was placed with the cows to aid in estrus detection. In both seasons progesterone decreased (P < .01) and estradiol-17 beta increased (P < .01) as parturition approached. Cows receiving MF and HF had increased (P < .01) total numbers of follicles compared to LF cows, and cows receiving MF had larger (P < .01) follicles. During the spring, cows receiving HF and cows bred to Brahman or Tuli sires had longer (P < .01) gestation lengths. Progesterone concentrations before calving were affected (P < .01) by treatment x sire and estradiol-17 beta by a time x treatment interaction (P < .01). Cholesterol after calving was higher (P < .01) in HF cows than in LF or MF cows. In the fall, LF cows had heavier (P < .01) calves than cows receiving MF. Birth weight was also affected (P < .01) by treatment x sex of calf. Progesterone was affected (P < .01) by treatment x sex of calf. Estradiol-17 beta was affected (P < .01) by sex of calf and treatment x sex of calf. Across seasons, by d 90 after calving, 9 of 15 (60%) LF and 11 of 15 (73.3%) MF cows showed estrual behavior. Cows in the spring had increased (P < .01) numbers and larger follicles compared to the fall. In conclusion, dietary fat may influence steroid hormone concentrations before calving, calf birth weight and postpartum follicular populations; furthermore, follicular populations may also be influenced by season.
Emotion investigated with music of variable valence - neurophysiology and cultural influence

Music is a powerful and reliable means to stimulate the percept of both intense pleasantness and unpleasantness in the perceiver. However, everyone’s social experiences with music suggest that the same music piece may elicit a very different valence percept in different individuals. A comparison of music from different historical periods suggests that enculturation modulates the valence percept of intervals and harmonies, and thus possibly also of relatively basic feature extraction processes. Strikingly, it is still largely unknown how much the valence percept is dependent on physical properties of the stimulus and thus mediated by a universal perceptual mechanism, and how much it is dependent on cultural imprinting. The current thesis investigates the neurophysiology of the valence percept, and the modulating influence of culture on several distinguishable sub-processes of music processing, so-called functional modules of music processing, engaged in the mediation of the valence percept.
Nightly home hemodialysis: Five and one‐half years of experience in Lynchburg, Virginia

Background: Lynchburg Nephrology Dialysis Incorporated initiated a nightly home hemodialysis (NHHD) program in September 1997. As of April 30, 2003, 40 patients had completed training; 28 patients were at home and 2 patients were in training. The average age of the patients at the initiation of the home‐based therapy was 50 years, with a range of 23 to 81 years. There have been 24,239 treatments at home with a total of 84.86 patient‐years on NHHD, the longest patient for 66.7 months and the shortest for 1 month.