Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of ESR1 Gene Polymorphisms on Migraine Susceptibility

AbstractAn increasing number of studies have explored genetic associations between the functionally important polymorphisms in estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) gene and migraine susceptibility. The previously reported associations have nevertheless been inconsistent.The present work incorporating the published data derived from 8 publications was performed to assess the impact of these polymorphisms on incident migraine. Strength of the genetic risk was estimated by means of an odds ratio along with the 95% confidence interval (OR and 95% CI). From the results, we found individuals who harbored the 325-GG genotype, compared with those harboring the CC genotype or CG and CC combined genotypes, had almost 50% greater risk of migraine. The same genetic models showed notable associations in subgroups of Caucasians and migraine with aura (MA). For 594G>A, a moderately increased risk of migraine was seen under AG versus GG. The AA + AG versus GG model, however, showed a borderline association with migraine. Subgroup analyses according to ethnicity and subtype of migraine provided statistical evidence of significantly increased risk of migraine in Caucasians and of a marginal association with MA, respectively. Both 325C>G and 594G>A polymorphisms showed no major effects either in males or in females.Based on the statistical data, we conclude some of the ESR1 gene polymorphisms may have major contributions to the pathogenesis of migraine in Caucasian populations.
High-Temperature Silicon-on-Insulator Gate Driver for SiC-FET Power Modules

Silicon Carbide (SiC) power semiconductors have shown the capability of greatly outperforming Si-based power devices. Faster switching and smaller on-state losses coupled with higher voltage blocking and temperature capabilities make SiC an attractive semiconductor for high-performance, high-power-density power modules. However, the temperature capabilities and increased power density are fully realized only when the gate driver needed to control the SiC devices is placed next to them. This requires the gate driver to successfully operate under extreme conditions with reduced or no heat sinking requirements. In addition, since SiC devices are usually connected in a half- or full-bridge configuration, the gate driver should provide electrical isolation between the high- and low-voltage sections of the driver itself. This paper presents a 225°C operable, silicon-on-insulator (SOI) high-voltage isolated gate driver IC for SiC devices. The IC was designed and fabricated in a 1 μm, partially depleted, CMOS process. The presented gate driver consists of a primary and a secondary side which are electrically isolated by the use of a transformer. The gate driver IC has been tested at a switching frequency of 200 kHz at 225°C while exhibiting a dv/dt noise immunity of at least 45 kV/μs.
Potential Barriers to Healthcare in Malawi for Under-five Children with Cough and Fever: A National Household Survey

Failure to access healthcare is an important contributor to child mortality in many developing countries. In a national household survey in Malawi, we explored demographic and socioeconomic barriers to healthcare for childhood illnesses and assessed the direct and indirect costs of seeking care. Using a cluster-sample design, we selected 2,697 households and interviewed 1,669 caretakers. The main reason for households not being surveyed was the absence of a primary caretaker in the household. Among 2,077 children aged less than five years, 504 episodes of cough and fever during the previous two weeks were reported. A trained healthcare provider was visited for 48.0% of illness episodes. A multivariate regression model showed that children from the poorest households (p=0.02) and children aged >12 months (p=0.02) were less likely to seek care when ill compared to those living in wealthier households and children of higher age-group respectively. Families from rural households spent more time travelling compared to urban households (68.9 vs 14.1 minutes; p<0.001). In addition, visiting a trained healthcare provider was associated with longer travel time (p<0.001) and higher direct costs (p<0.001) compared to visiting an untrained provider. Thus, several barriers to accessing healthcare in Malawi for childhood illnesses exist. Continued efforts to reduce these barriers are needed to narrow the gap in the health and healthcare equity in Malawi.
Emx2 in the developing hippocampal fissure region

Mice deficient in transcription factor gene Emx2 show developmental alterations in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. Emx2, however, is also expressed in the region around the developing hippocampal fissure. The developing fissure contains a radial glial scaffolding, and is surrounded by the outer marginal zone and the dentate marginal zone, which become specifically colonized by neurons and differentiate into stratum lacunosum‐moleculare and molecular layer of the dentate, respectively. In this study we show that the Emx2 mutant lacks the glial scaffolding of the fissure and has an outer marginal zone (precursor of the stratum lacunosum‐moleculare), as well as a dentate marginal zone severely reduced in size while most of the reelin (Reln)‐expressing cells that should occupy it fail to be generated. We have also identified a subpopulation of hippocampal Reln‐expressing cells of the marginal zone, probably born in the hem, expressing a specific combination of markers, and for which Emx2 is not essentially required. Additionally, we show differential mutant phenotypes of both Emx2 and Pax6 in neocortical vs. hippocampal Reln‐expressing cells, indicating differential development of both subpopulations.
On the privacy of anonymized networks

The proliferation of online social networks, and the concomitant accumulation of user data, give rise to hotly debated issues of privacy, security, and control. One specific challenge is the sharing or public release of anonymized data without accidentally leaking personally identifiable information (PII). Unfortunately, it is often difficult to ascertain that sophisticated statistical techniques, potentially employing additional external data sources, are unable to break anonymity. In this paper, we consider an instance of this problem, where the object of interest is the structure of a social network, i.e., a graph describing users and their links. Recent work demonstrates that anonymizing node identities may not be sufficient to keep the network private: the availability of node and link data from another domain, which is correlated with the anonymized network, has been used to re-identify the anonymized nodes. This paper is about conditions under which such a de-anonymization process is possible. We attempt to shed light on the following question: can we assume that a sufficiently sparse network is inherently anonymous, in the sense that even with unlimited computational power, de-anonymization is impossible? Our approach is to introduce a random graph model for a version of the de-anonymization problem, which is parameterized by the expected node degree and a similarity parameter that controls the correlation between two graphs over the same vertex set. We find simple conditions on these parameters delineating the boundary of privacy, and show that the mean node degree need only grow slightly faster than log n with network size n for nodes to be identifiable. Our results have policy implications for sharing of anonymized network information.
Flat for the few, steep for the many: Structural cohesion as a measure of hierarchy in FLOSS communities.

A discrepancy exists between the emphasis posed by practitioners on decentralized and non-hierarchical communication in Free/Libre Open Source Software (FLOSS) communities and empirical evidence of their hierarchical structure. In order to explain this apparent paradox it is here hypothesized that in FLOSS communities local sub-groups exist and are less hierarchical, more decentralized than the whole social network to which they belong. A measure of structural cohesion based on network node connectivity is proposed as an effective method to test whether FLOSS communication networks can be decomposed in nested hierarchies of progressively less centralized sub-groups. Preliminary results from a case study that are consistent with the hypothesis are presented and discussed.
A multilingual semantic dependency parser for texts of legislation in the domain of Value Added Tax ( VAT )

Semantic parsing is a rapidly growing subeld of computational linguistics, driven by the seemingly endless potential of natural language processing (NLP) in combination with an increasing demand for applications guiding and aiding humans in a variety of language related tasks. As a pilot study, this project investigated whether it was possible to create a classi er that correctly detected and labeled semantic elements from legal texts concerning Value Added Tax (VAT), and if it was possible in three di erent natural languages: English, Danish and Swedish. By detecting the semantic elements, the essential meaning of a particular sentence could be derived. This is a feature that could be used as an arti cial semantic text scanner for applications taking input from small or large databases of written text. The input corpora were transformed from running text into a set of predicate-argument structures, modeling the semantics of each sentence. The results of the project are promising. Almost all of the target predicates and around 80% of the arguments were correctly detected and labeled. To demonstrate the performance of the classi ers, a semantic classi er program was implemented, visualizing the way each sentence was transformed into predicate-argument statements. Not surprisingly, it showed that short sentences with fairly distinct arguments were generally easily transformed, while the arguments of longer sentences comprising several predicates, were less accurately determined.
Association of Polymorphisms in Pharmacogenetic Candidate Genes (OPRD1, GAL, ABCB1, OPRM1) with Opioid Dependence in European Population: A Case-Control Study

It is becoming increasingly evident that genetic variants contribute to the development of opioid addiction. An elucidation of these genetic factors is crucial for a better understanding of this chronic disease and may help to develop novel therapeutic strategies. In recent years, several candidate genes were implicated in opioid dependence. However, most study findings have not been replicated and additional studies are required before reported associations can be considered robust. Thus, the major objective of this study was to replicate earlier findings and to identify new genetic polymorphisms contributing to the individual susceptibility to opioid addiction, respectively. Therefore, a candidate gene association study was conducted including 142 well-phenotyped long-term opioid addicts undergoing opioid maintenance therapy and 142 well-matched healthy controls. In both study groups, 24 single nucleotide polymorphisms predominantly located in pharmacogenetic candidate genes have been genotyped using an accurate mass spectrometry based method. The most significant associations with opioid addiction (remaining significant after adjustment for multiple testing) were observed for the rs948854 SNP in the galanin gene (GAL, p = 0.001) and the rs2236861 SNP in the delta opioid receptor gene (OPRD1, p = 0.001). Moreover, an association of the ATP binding cassette transporter 1 (ABCB1) variant rs1045642 and the Mu Opioid receptor (OPRM1) variant rs9479757 with opioid addiction was observed. The present study provides further support for a contribution of GAL and OPRD1 variants to the development of opioid addiction. Furthermore, our results indicate a potential contribution of OPRM1 and ABCB1 SNPs to the development of this chronic relapsing disease. Therefore it seems important that these genes are addressed in further addiction related studies.
PRE-SERVICE TEACHERS´ BELIEFS ABOUT THE BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES OF STSE BASED SCHOOL-INDUSTRY COLLABORATION AND PRACTICES IN SCIENCE EDUCATION

School-industry collaboration can be an effective way to implement STSE issues to teaching. However, teachers´ negative beliefs, lack of knowledge, resources, support and opportunities to collaborate with companies can impede the efficient implementation. In this case-study, 42 Finnish and Slovenian pre-service teachers´ STSE beliefs were first examined before and after the school-industry collaboration course by survey. After the course, beliefs of 8 Finnish pre-service teachers were analyzed in more detail by open-ended questionnaires and reflective writing. The pre-service teachers were more confident to teach STSE issues after the course in both countries. However, they needed more support and knowledge from the community members they collaborated with (i.e. representatives of industries, university teacher, student colleagues and school teachers). The industry-based teaching material was considered beneficiary especially for mixed-ability classrooms and the whole course was regarded useful for future practices. The results of this research highlight the importance of pre-service teacher education and practices with STSE issues. The positive and negative beliefs should be examined frequently already during the pre-service education in order to develop tools for teacher support and encouragement. This research promotes a practical example and ideas of a local school-company collaboration. Keywords: school-industry collaboration, sience teacher education, STSE issues, teachers´ beliefs.
Back Propagation

BP-1) A 2-2-1 backpropagation model has initial weights as shown. Work through one cycle of learning for the f ollowing pattern(s). Assume 0 momentum and a learning constant of 1. Round calculations to 3 significant digits to the right of the decimal. Give values for all nodes and links for activation, output, error signal, weight delta, and final weights. Nodes 4, 5 , 6, and 7 are just input nodes and do not have a sigmoidal output. For each node calculate the following (show necessary equati on for each). Hint: Calculate bottom-top-bottom. a = o = = w = w =
Impacts of Multiple-Period Lags in Dynamic Logit Models

This paper will provide an introduction to a new field of research, viz. the sensitivity of the solution trajectory of a dynamic logit model (belonging to the class of discrete choice models) in the light of a multiperiod lag structure. It is well known from recent advances in the area of chaos and turbulence theory that the stability of a dynamic system is critically dependent on various factors, such as threshold values of parameters, initial conditions, and also the lag structure. This paper aims to identify the consequences of different lag structures in dynamic logit models (including also dynamic spatial interaction models). Various simulation experiments will be used to show that the onset of instability of the solution trajectory tends to decrease as the number of time lags increases (depending also on the growth rate of the system).
Arterial Stiffness and Functional Outcome in Acute Ischemic Stroke

Objective Arterial stiffness is a common change associated with aging and can be evaluated by measuring pulse wave velocity (PWV) between sites in the arterial tree, with the stiffer artery having the higher PWV. Arterial stiffness is associated with the risk of stroke in the general population and of fatal stroke in hypertensive patients. This study is to clarify whether PWV value predicts functional outcome of acute ischemic stroke. Methods One hundred patients were enrolled with a diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke and categorized into two groups: large-artery atherosclerosis (LAAS) or small vessel disease (SVD) subtype of Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) classification. Each group was divided into two sub-groups based on the functional outcome of acute ischemic stroke, indicated by modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at discharge. Poor functional outcome group was defined as a mRS ≥ 3 at discharge. Student's t-test or Mann-Whitney U-test were used to compare maximal brachial-ankle PWV (baPWV) values. Results Twenty-four patients whose state was inadequate to assess baPWV or mRS were excluded. There were 38 patients with good functional outcome (mRS < 3) and 38 patients with poor functional outcome (mRS ≥ 3). The baPWV values were significantly higher in patients with poor outcome (2,070.05 ± 518.37 cm/s) compared with those with good outcome (1,838.63 ± 436.65) (p = 0.039). In patients with SVD subtype, there was a significant difference of baPWV values between groups (2,163.18 ± 412.71 vs. 1,789.80 ± 421.91, p = 0.022), while there was no significant difference of baPWV among patients with LAAS subtype (2,071.76 ± 618.42 vs. 1,878.00 ± 365.35, p = 0.579). Conclusions Arterial stiffness indicated by baPWV is associated with the functional outcome of acute ischemic stroke. This finding suggests that measurement of baPWV predicts functional outcome in patients with stroke especially those whose TOAST classification was confirmed as SVD subtype.
What Edited Retweets Reveal about Online Political Discourse

How widespread is the phenomenon of commenting or editing a tweet in the practice of retweeting by members of political communities in Twitter? What is the nature of comments (agree/disagree), or of edits (change audience, change meaning, curate content). Being able to answer these questions will provide knowledge that will help answering other questions such as: what are the topics, events, people that attract more discussion (in forms of commenting) or controversy (agree/disagree)? Who are the users who engage in the processing of curating content by inserting hashtags or adding links? Which political community shows more enthusiasm for an issue and how broad is the base of engaged users? How can detection of agreement/disagreement in conversations inform sentiment analysis - the technique used to make predictions (who will win an election) or support insightful analytics (which policy issue resonates more with constituents). We argue that is necessary to go beyond the much-adopted aggregate text analysis of the volume of tweets, in order to discover and understand phenomena at the level of single tweets. This becomes important in the light of the increase in the number of human-mimicking bots in Twitter. Genuine interaction and engagement can be better measured by analyzing tweets that display signs of human intervention. Editing the text of an original tweet before it is retweeted, could reveal mindful user engagement with the content, and therefore, would allow us to perform sampling among real human users. This paper presents work in progress that deals with the challenges of discovering retweets that contain comments or edits, and outlines a machine-learning based strategy for classifying the nature of such comments.
Comparing Private Schools and Public Schools Using Hierarchical Linear Modeling

The National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) is a nationally representative and continuing assessment of what America's students know and can do in various subject areas. is responsible, by law, for carrying out the NAEP project through competitive awards to qualified organizations. By making objective information on student performance available to policymakers at the national, state, and local levels, NAEP is an integral part of our nation's evaluation of the condition and progress of education. Only information related to academic achievement and relevant variables is collected under this program. The privacy of individual students and their families is protected to the fullest extent allowable under the law, and the identities of participating schools are not released. In 1988, Congress established the National Assessment Governing Board (NAGB) to oversee and set policy for NAEP. The Board is responsible for selecting the subject areas to be assessed; setting appropriate student achievement levels; developing assessment objectives and test specifications ; developing a process for the review of the assessment; designing the assessment methodology; developing guidelines for reporting and disseminating NAEP results; developing standards and procedures for interstate, regional, and national comparisons; determining the appropriateness of all assessment items and ensuring the assessment items are free from bias and are secular, neutral, and nonideologi-cal; taking actions to improve the form, content, use, and reporting of results of the National Assessment; and planning and executing the initial public release of NAEP reports. The National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) is the primary federal entity for collecting, analyzing, and reporting data related to education in the United States and other nations. It fulfills a congressional mandate to collect, collate, analyze, and report full and complete statistics on the condition of education in the United States; conduct and publish reports and specialized analyses of the meaning and significance of such statistics; assist state and local education agencies in improving their statistical systems; and review and report on education activities in foreign countries. general public. Unless specifically noted, all information contained herein is in the public domain. We strive to make our products available in a variety of formats and in language that is appropriate to a variety of audiences. You, as our customer, are the best judge of our success in communicating information effectively. If you have any comments or suggestions about this or any other NCES product or report, we would like to hear from you. …
Extended Multilocus Sequence Analysis to Describe the Global Population Structure of the Genus Brucella: Phylogeography and Relationship to Biovars

An extended multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) scheme applicable to the Brucella, an expanding genus that includes zoonotic pathogens that severely impact animal and human health across large parts of the globe, was developed. The scheme, which extends a previously described nine locus scheme by examining sequences at 21 independent genetic loci in order to increase discriminatory power, was applied to a globally and temporally diverse collection of over 500 isolates representing all 12 known Brucella species providing an expanded and detailed understanding of the population genetic structure of the group. Over 100 sequence types (STs) were identified and analysis of data provided insights into both the global evolutionary history of the genus, suggesting that early emerging Brucella abortus lineages might be confined to Africa while some later lineages have spread worldwide, and further evidence of the existence of lineages with restricted host or geographical ranges. The relationship between biovar, long used as a crude epidemiological marker, and genotype was also examined and showed decreasing congruence in the order Brucella suis > B. abortus > Brucella melitensis. Both the previously described nine locus scheme and the extended 21 locus scheme have been made available at http://pubmlst.org/brucella/ to allow the community to interrogate existing data and compare with newly generated data.