Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lineage-Specific Expansion of the Chalcone Synthase Gene Family in Rosids

Rosids are a monophyletic group that includes approximately 70,000 species in 140 families, and they are found in a variety of habitats and life forms. Many important crops such as fruit trees and legumes are rosids. The evolutionary success of this group may have been influenced by their ability to produce flavonoids, secondary metabolites that are synthetized through a branch of the phenylpropanoid pathway where chalcone synthase is a key enzyme. In this work, we studied the evolution of the chalcone synthase gene family in 12 species belonging to the rosid clade. Our results show that the last common ancestor of the rosid clade possessed six chalcone synthase gene lineages that were differentially retained during the evolutionary history of the group. In fact, of the six gene lineages that were present in the last common ancestor, 7 species retained 2 of them, whereas the other 5 only retained one gene lineage. We also show that one of the gene lineages was disproportionately expanded in species that belonged to the order Fabales (soybean, barrel medic and Lotus japonicas). Based on the available literature, we suggest that this gene lineage possesses stress-related biological functions (e.g., response to UV light, pathogen defense). We propose that the observed expansion of this clade was a result of a selective pressure to increase the amount of enzymes involved in the production of phenylpropanoid pathway-derived secondary metabolites, which is consistent with the hypothesis that suggested that lineage-specific expansions fuel plant adaptation.
DECENTRALIZED SUPPLY CHAIN FORMATION USING MAX‐SUM LOOPY BELIEF PROPAGATION

Supply chain formation is the process by which a set of producers within a network determine the subset of these producers able to form a chain to supply goods to one or more consumers at the lowest cost. This problem has been tackled in a number of ways, including auctions, negotiations, and argumentation‐based approaches. In this paper we show how this problem can be cast as an optimization of a pairwise cost function. Optimizing this class of energy functions is NP‐hard but efficient approximations to the global minimum can be obtained using loopy belief propagation (LBP). Here we detail a max‐sum LBP‐based approach to the supply chain formation problem, involving decentralized message‐passing between supply chain participants. Our approach is evaluated against a well‐known decentralized double‐auction method and an optimal centralized technique, showing several improvements on the auction method: it obtains better solutions for most network instances which allow for competitive equilibrium (Competitive equilibrium in Walsh and Wellman is a set of producer costs which permits a Pareto optimal state in which agents in the allocation receive non‐negative surplus and agents not in the allocation would acquire non‐positive surplus by participating in the supply chain) while also optimally solving problems where no competitive equilibrium exists, for which the double‐auction method frequently produces inefficient solutions.
An Efficient Graph Indexing Method

Graphs are popular models for representing complex structure data and similarity search for graphs has become a fundamental research problem. Many techniques have been proposed to support similarity search based on the graph edit distance. However, they all suffer from certain drawbacks: high computational complexity, poor scalability in terms of database size, or not taking full advantage of indexes. To address these problems, in this paper, we propose SEGOS, an indexing and query processing framework for graph similarity search. First, an effective two-level index is constructed off-line based on sub-unit decomposition of graphs. Then, a novel search strategy based on the index is proposed. Two algorithms adapted from TA and CA methods are seamlessly integrated into the proposed strategy to enhance graph search. More specially, the proposed framework is easy to be pipelined to support continuous graph pruning. Extensive experiments are conducted on two real datasets to evaluate the effectiveness and scalability of our approaches.
The equivariant index theorem in entire cyclic cohomology

LetG be a locally compact group acting smoothly and properly by isometries on a complete Riemannian manifoldM, with compact quotientGnM. There is an assembly mapW K G � . M/ ! K� . B/ which associates to any G- equivariantK-homology class onM, an element of the topologicalK-theory of a suitable Banach completion B of the convolution algebra of continuous compactly supported functions on G. The aim of this paper is to calculate the composition of the assembly map with the Chern character in entire cyclic homology K� . B/ ! HE� . B/. We prove an index theorem reducing this computation to a cup-product in bivariant entire cyclic cohomology. As a consequence we obtain an explicit localization formula which includes, as particular cases, the equivariant Atiyah-Segal-Singer index theorem when G is compact, and the Connes-Moscovici index theorem for G-coverings when G is discrete. The proof is based on the bivariant Chern character introduced in previous papers.
Experiences of Iranian Nurses on the Facilitators of Pain Management in Children: A Qualitative Study

Background. Despite decades of research and the availability of effective analgesic approaches, many children continue to experience moderate-to-severe pain after hospitalization. Greater research efforts are needed to identify the factors that facilitate effective pain management. The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of Iranian nurses on facilitators of pain management in children. Materials and Methods. This qualitative study collected the data profoundly through unstructured interviews with 19 nurses in Amirkola Children's Hospital in Babol and Children's Medical Center in Tehran, during 2013-2014. Purposeful sampling and analysis of the data were conducted using conventional qualitative content analysis. Results. Four themes were extracted through data analysis: mother and child participation in diagnosis and pain relief, the timely presence of medical staff and parents, proper communication, and training and supportive role of nurses. Conclusion. Mother and child participation in the report and diagnosis of pain and nonpharmacological interventions for pain by the mother, the timely presence of medical team at the patient's bedside, and proper interaction along with the training and supportive role of a nurse enhanced the optimal pain management in hospitalized children.
Heritagizing local cheese in China: Opportunities, challenges, and inequalities

ABSTRACT The author discusses the heritagization of local foods in China, based on his ethnographic research into the production, marketing, and consumption of rubing or “milk cake,” a goat milk cheese made in Yunnan province in the southwest of the country. The article draws attention to regional and ethnic dimensions to heritagization processes in China, sheds light on the relationship between heritagization and state projects of agricultural modernization, and raises critical questions about the opportunities and challenges for smallholder producers to create and capture value in the growing market for Chinese local heritage foods.
Dual and Single-Process Perspectives on the Role of Threat Detection in Evaluation

We applaud March, Gaertner, and Olson for their efforts to integrate the literature on threat detection and evaluation—two literatures that have been surprisingly and perhaps unjustifiably disconnected and that we agree could benefit from additional crosstalk. We also thank the authors more generally for their attempts to bring other literatures to bear on existing models of evaluation. We wholeheartedly agree that we as a field would benefit from integrating findings from other areas of research in order to test and refine our existing models of evaluation. Our goal in this commentary is to outline two broad theoretical issues that we consider to be especially relevant for evaluating and interpreting the dual implicit processes model (DIPM). First, we consider the conceptual distinction between threatening and other negative stimuli. We then discuss the extent to which the current evidence supports the authors’ conclusion that threatening and nonthreatening stimuli exhibit qualitatively different processing characteristics, or whether these differences might be better characterized as quantitative in nature. We focus particularly on the question of whether it is currently empirically justified to posit the existence of a distinct process responsible for threat detection that is independent of other implicit evaluative processes. Second, we wish to broaden the theoretical “playing field” beyond the dual-process models reviewed by March and colleagues. Specifically, we consider alternative models that, like the DIPM, propose the existence of multiple, dissociable implicit processes that may operate in the context of implicit evaluation (e.g., Amodio, 2014; Amodio & Ratner, 2011). We also consider single-process models that propose that the dissociations between implicit and explicit evaluation are not explained by a distinction in underlying mental representation, process, or structure (see Cunningham, Zelazo, Packer, & Van Bavel, 2007; De Houwer, 2014; Ferguson, Mann, & Wojnowicz, 2014; Ferguson & Wojnowicz, 2011; Hughes, Barnes-Holmes, & De Houwer, 2011; Wojnowicz, Ferguson, Dale, & Spivey, 2009). Finally, we examine whether single-process models may be able to successfully account for the apparent privileged processing of threat in implicit evaluation, and what these models might suggest about how threat processing may operate, if not via a distinct threat detection process or system.
Psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation – Outcome Measure

Objective The objective of this paper is to assess the reliability and validity of the Spanish translation of the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation – Outcome Measure, a 34-item self-report questionnaire that measures the client’s status in the domains of Subjective well-being, Problems/Symptoms, Life functioning, and Risk. Method Six hundred and forty-four adult participants were included in two samples: the clinical sample (n=192) from different mental health and primary care centers; and the nonclinical sample (n=452), which included a student and a community sample. Results The questionnaire showed good acceptability and internal consistency, appropriate test–retest reliability, and acceptable convergent validity. Strong differentiation between clinical and nonclinical samples was found. As expected, the Risk domain had different characteristics than other domains, but all findings were comparable with the UK referential data. Cutoff scores were calculated for clinical significant change assessment. Conclusion The Spanish version of the Clinical Outcomes in Routine Evaluation – Outcome Measure showed acceptable psychometric properties, providing support for using the questionnaire for monitoring the progress of Spanish-speaking psychotherapy clients.
Dengue and climate change in Australia: predictions for the future should incorporate knowledge from the past

Dengue transmission in Australia is currently restricted to Queensland, where the vector mosquito Aedes aegypti is established. Locally acquired infections have been reported only from urban areas in the north‐east of the state, where the vector is most abundant. Considerable attention has been drawn to the potential impact of climate change on dengue distribution within Australia, with projections for substantial rises in incidence and distribution associated with increasing temperatures. However, historical data show that much of Australia has previously sustained both the vector mosquito and dengue viruses. Although current vector distribution is restricted to Queensland, the area inhabited by A. aegypti is larger than the disease‐transmission areas, and is not restricted by temperature (or vector‐control programs); thus, it is unlikely that rising temperatures alone will bring increased vector or virus distribution. Factors likely to be important to dengue and vector distribution in the future include increased dengue activity in Asian and Pacific nations that would raise rates of virus importation by travellers, importation of vectors via international ports to regions without A. aegypti, higher rates of domestic collection and storage of water that would provide habitat in urban areas, and growing human populations in northern Australia. Past and recent successful control initiatives in Australia lend support to the idea that well resourced and functioning surveillance programs, and effective public health intervention capabilities, are essential to counter threats from dengue and other mosquito‐borne diseases. Models projecting future activity of dengue (or other vector‐borne disease) with climate change should carefully consider the local historical and contemporary data on the ecology and distribution of the vector and local virus transmission.
Clinical Interventions in Aging Dovepress Combination of Btracks and Geri-fit as a Targeted Approach for Assessing and Reducing the Postural Sway of Older Adults with High Fall Risk

hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms Abstract: Atypically high postural sway measured by a force plate is a known risk factor for falls in older adults. Further, it has been shown that small, but significant, reductions in postural sway are possible with various balance exercise interventions. In the present study, a new low-cost force-plate technology called the Balance Tracking System (BTrackS) was utilized to assess postural sway of older adults before and after 90 days of a well-established exercise program called Geri-Fit. Results showed an overall reduction in postural sway across all participants from pre-to post-intervention. However, the magnitude of effects was significantly influenced by the amount of postural sway demonstrated by individuals prior to Geri-Fit training. Specifically, more participants with atypically high postural sway pre-intervention experienced an overall postural sway reduction. These reductions experienced were typically greater than the minimum detectable change statistic for the BTrackS Balance Test. Taken together, these findings suggest that BTrackS is an effective means of identifying older adults with elevated postural sway, who are likely to benefit from Geri-Fit training to mitigate fall risk.
An Efficient Single Phase Method for the Extraction of Plasma Lipids

Lipidomic approaches are now widely used to investigate the relationship between lipid metabolism, health and disease. Large-scale lipidomics studies typically aim to quantify hundreds to thousands of lipid molecular species in a large number of samples. Consequently, high throughput methodology that can efficiently extract a wide range of lipids from biological samples is required. Current methods often rely on extraction in chloroform:methanol with or without two phase partitioning or other solvents, which are often incompatible with liquid chromatography electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (LC ESI-MS/MS). Here, we present a fast, simple extraction method that is suitable for high throughput LC ESI-MS/MS. Plasma (10 μL) was mixed with 100 μL 1-butanol:methanol (1:1 v/v) containing internal standards resulting in efficient extraction of all major lipid classes (including sterols, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids and sphingolipids). Lipids were quantified using positive-ion mode LC ESI-MS/MS. The method showed high recovery (>90%) and reproducibility (%CV < 20%). It showed a strong correlation of all lipid measures with an established chloroform:methanol extraction method (R2 = 0.976). This method uses non-halogenated solvents, requires no drying or reconstitution steps and is suitable for large-scale LC ESI-MS/MS-based lipidomic analyses in research and clinical laboratories.
Toward robust classification using the Open Directory Project

The Open Directory Project (ODP) is a large scale, high quality and publicly available web directory utilized in many studies and real-world applications. In this paper, we explore training data expansion techniques for text classification as one of the possible directions to deal with the sparse characteristic of the ODP dataset. We propose a dozen classification methods, which can be differentiated by (1) from which categories training data is expanded, and (2) how the expanded training data is merged to generate centroid vectors. Evaluation results show that training data expansion significantly improves the classification performance more than representative classifiers. We also find that (1) child and descendant categories are more valuable sources to expand training data than parent and ancestor categories, and (2) distance-based weighting is superior to simple averaging to merge the expanded training data.
Cavin4b/Murcb Is Required for Skeletal Muscle Development and Function in Zebrafish

Skeletal muscles provide metazoans with the ability to feed, reproduce and avoid predators. In humans, a heterogeneous group of genetic diseases, termed muscular dystrophies (MD), lead to skeletal muscle dysfunction. Mutations in the gene encoding Caveolin-3, a principal component of the membrane micro-domains known as caveolae, cause defects in muscle maintenance and function; however it remains unclear how caveolae dysfunction underlies MD pathology. The Cavin family of caveolar proteins can form membrane remodeling oligomers and thus may also impact skeletal muscle function. Changes in the distribution and function of Cavin4/Murc, which is predominantly expressed in striated muscles, have been reported to alter caveolae structure through interaction with Caveolin-3. Here, we report the generation and phenotypic analysis of murcb mutant zebrafish, which display impaired swimming capacity, skeletal muscle fibrosis and T-tubule abnormalities during development. To understand the mechanistic importance of Murc loss of function, we assessed Caveolin-1 and 3 localization and found it to be abnormal. We further identified an in vivo function for Murc in Erk signaling. These data link Murc with developmental defects in T-tubule formation and progressive muscle dysfunction, thereby providing a new candidate for the etiology of muscular dystrophy.
Novel approaches for one- and two-speaker detection

The paper reviews OGI submission for NIST 2002 speaker recognition evaluation. It describes the systems submitted for one-and two-speaker detection tasks and the post-evaluation improvements. In one-speaker detection system, we present a new design of a data-driven temporal filter. We show that using few broad phonetic categories improves the performance of speaker recognition system. In post evaluation experiments, we show that combinations with complementary features and modeling techniques significantly improve the performance of the GMM-based system. In two-speaker detection system, we present a structured approach to detect speaker in the conversations.
Sustained Spatial Attention to Vibrotactile Stimulation in the Flutter Range: Relevant Brain Regions and Their Interaction

The present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study was designed to get a better understanding of the brain regions involved in sustained spatial attention to tactile events and to ascertain to what extent their activation was correlated. We presented continuous 20 Hz vibrotactile stimuli (range of flutter) concurrently to the left and right index fingers of healthy human volunteers. An arrow cue instructed subjects in a trial-by-trial fashion to attend to the left or right index finger and to detect rare target events that were embedded in the vibrotactile stimulation streams. We found blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) attentional modulation in primary somatosensory cortex (SI), mainly covering Brodmann area 1, 2, and 3b, as well as in secondary somatosensory cortex (SII), contralateral to the to-be-attended hand. Furthermore, attention to the right (dominant) hand resulted in additional BOLD modulation in left posterior insula. All of the effects were caused by an increased activation when attention was paid to the contralateral hand, except for the effects in left SI and insula. In left SI, the effect was related to a mixture of both a slight increase in activation when attention was paid to the contralateral hand as well as a slight decrease in activation when attention was paid to the ipsilateral hand (i.e., the tactile distraction condition). In contrast, the effect in left posterior insula was exclusively driven by a relative decrease in activation in the tactile distraction condition, which points to an active inhibition when tactile information is irrelevant. Finally, correlation analyses indicate a linear relationship between attention effects in intrahemispheric somatosensory cortices, since attentional modulation in SI and SII were interrelated within one hemisphere but not across hemispheres. All in all, our results provide a basis for future research on sustained attention to continuous vibrotactile stimulation in the range of flutter.
Binaural sound source localization in the presence of reverberation

Binaural sound source localization consists in estimating the position of a sound source with respect to a single pair of stationary microphones. A possible implementation of binaural localization exploits the information contained in two physical cues: the Interaural Time Difference (ITD) and the Interaural Level Difference (ILD). A recent paper [1] described a novel approach to binaural source localization based on a joint ILD-ITD estimation. The present work describes the effect of acoustic reverberation on this method. As expected, reverberation adds uncertainty to the localization process, thusmaking it necessary to introduce proper prefiltering techniques.
Bees' Honey Attenuation of Metanil-Yellow-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats

The present study aims to investigate the protective effect of bees' honey against metanil-yellow-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Rats were divided into 7 groups: control group; three groups treated with 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg metanil yellow, and three groups treated with metanil yellow plus 2.5 mg · kg−1 · day−1 bees' honey for 8 weeks. The obtained data showed that the antioxidant/anti-inflammatory activity of bees' honey reduced the oxidative stress in the liver tissue and downregulated the inflammatory markers. In addition, the elevated levels of AGE and the activated NF-κB in the metanil-yellow-treated animals were significantly attenuated. Moreover, the levels of TNF-α and IL-1β were significantly attenuated as a result of bees' honey administration. Furthermore, the histopathological examination of the liver showed that bees' honey reduced fatty degeneration, cytoplasmic vacuolization, and necrosis in metanil-yellow-treated rats. In conclusion, the obtained data suggest that bees' honey has hepatoprotective effect on acute liver injuries induced by metanil-yellow in vivo, and the results suggested that the effect of bees' honey against metanil yellow-induced liver damage is related to its antioxidant/anti-inflammatory properties which attenuate the activation of NF-κB and its controlled genes like TNF-α and IL-1β.