Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Treatment of Chronic Schizophrenia

In a modern mental hospital the beneficial effects of Occupational Therapy are generally accepted. However, it must be conceded that the trained staff engaged in the work is so thinly spread that the treatment of patients "en masse" as opposed to individuals or in small groups is, unfortunately, inevitable. It was felt that as a research programme the usual pattern could be altered and the effects of a concentrated Occupational Therapy programme directed towards, say, a small group of chronic schizophrenics for a limited period would be justifiable. It is obvious that no such research could be carried out without the approval and co-operation of the medical and psychological departments of the hospital and the project was put to them. Their full agreement was readily obtained, but from their standpoint it was felt that the first objective could easily be combined with a second one, that is, to determine the relative effects of concentrated Occupational Therapy on small groups of chronic patients with and without tranquillizers, in this case chlorpromazine; in other words to attempt to define the exact therapeutic results of tranquillizers in a hospital where a programme of "total push" was employed. The results of this secondary investigation have already been published, (Grygier & Waters 1958). The purpose of this paper is to highlight the primary objective, namely, to assess the efficacy of concentrated Occupational Therapy on small groups. It was hypothesized that all patients would show a significant improvement during the 12week special programme and that this improvement would not be maintained during the following 12-week period.
Is price-volume relationship asymmetry? Intraday evidence from Indian stock market

This paper examines the asymmetry in the price-volume relationship for 50 Indian stocks using high frequency 5-minute data set for the period July 2, 2012 to December 31, 2012. A dummy variable regression model is employed to check the asymmetric relationship. In sum, consistent with Moosa et al. (2003) we established an unusual asymmetry pattern in the return-volume relationship where this relationship is stronger when market goes up than when market goes down. Our findings do not support the proposition that ? volume is relatively heavy in bull markets and light in bear markets? A reason for this may be the Indian market is more sensitive to unfavorable news than favorable news.
Neural Representation of Motion-In-Depth in Area MT

Neural processing of 2D visual motion has been studied extensively, but relatively little is known about how visual cortical neurons represent visual motion trajectories that include a component toward or away from the observer (motion in depth). Psychophysical studies have demonstrated that humans perceive motion in depth based on both changes in binocular disparity over time (CD cue) and interocular velocity differences (IOVD cue). However, evidence for neurons that represent motion in depth has been limited, especially in primates, and it is unknown whether such neurons make use of CD or IOVD cues. We show that approximately one-half of neurons in macaque area MT are selective for the direction of motion in depth, and that this selectivity is driven primarily by IOVD cues, with a small contribution from the CD cue. Our results establish that area MT, a central hub of the primate visual motion processing system, contains a 3D representation of visual motion.
The Reconstruction of Upwind Fluxesfor Conservation Laws : Its Behaviorin Dynamic and SteadyState Calculations

The Euler equation of compressible flows is solved by the finite volume method, where high order accuracy is achieved by the reconstruction of each component of upwind fluxes of a flux splitting using the biased averaging procedure. Compared to the solution reconstruction in Godunov-type methods, its implementation is simple and easy, and the computational complexity is relatively low. This approach is parameter-free and requires neither a Riemann solver nor field-by-field decomposition. The numerical results from both dynamic and steady state calculations demonstrate the accuracy and robustness of this approach. Some techniques for the acceleration of the convergence to the steady state are discussed, including multigrid and multistage Runge–Kutta time methods. c © 1998 Academic Press
Plexin-B2, But Not Plexin-B1, Critically Modulates Neuronal Migration and Patterning of the Developing Nervous System In Vivo

Semaphorins and their receptors, plexins, have emerged as important cellular cues regulating key developmental processes. B-type plexins directly regulate the actin cytoskeleton in a variety of cell types. Recently, B-type plexins have been shown to be expressed in striking patterns in the nervous system over critical developmental windows. However, in contrast to the well characterized plexin-A family, the functional role of plexin-B proteins in neural development and organogenesis in vertebrates in vivo is not known. Here, we have elucidated the functional contribution of the two neuronally expressed plexin-B proteins, Plexin-B1 or Plexin-B2, toward the development of the peripheral nervous system and the CNS by generating and analyzing constitutive knock-out mice. The development of the nervous system was found to be normal in mice lacking Plexin-B1, whereas mice lacking Plexin-B2 demonstrated defects in closure of the neural tube and a conspicuous disorganization of the embryonic brain. After analyzing mutant mice, which bypassed neural tube defects, we observed a key requirement for Plexin-B2 in proliferation and migration of granule cell precursors in the developing dentate gyrus, olfactory bulb, and cerebellum. Furthermore, we identified semaphorin 4C as a high-affinity ligand for Plexin-B2 in binding and functional assays. Semaphorin 4C stimulated activation of ErbB-2 and RhoA via Plexin-B2 and enhanced proliferation and migration of granule cell precursors. Semaphorin 4C-induced proliferation of ventricular zone neuroblasts was abrogated in mice lacking Plexin-B2. These genetic and functional analyses reveal a key requirement for Plexin-B2, but not Plexin-B1, in patterning of the vertebrate nervous system in vivo.
Suppressive Effect of a Hot Water Extract of Adzuki Beans (Vigna angularis) on Hyperglycemia after Sucrose Loading in Mice and Diabetic Rats

A hot water extract obtained by boiling adzuki beans (Vigna angularis) to produce bean paste for Japanese cake showed inhibitory activity against alpha-glucosidase, alpha-amylase, maltase, sucrase, and isomaltase after HP-20 column chromatography. The IC50 values for each hydrolylase were 0.78 mg/ml (α-amylase), 2.45 mg/ml (maltase), 5.37 mg/ml (sucrase), and 1.75 mg/ml (isomaltase). The active fraction showed potential hypoglycemic activity in both normal mice and streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats after an oral administration of sucrose, but did not show any effect on the blood glucose concentration after glucose administration, suggesting that the active fraction suppressed the postprandial blood glucose level by inhibiting α-glucosidase and α-amylase, irrespective of the endogenous blood insulin level.
Spectroscopic Analyses of Nano-Dispersion Strengthened Transient Liquid Phase Bonds

The TLP bonding is distinguished from brazing processes by the isothermal solidification of this liquid. This is accomplished since the interlayer is rich in a melting point depressant (MPD). Upon heating through the eutectic temperature, the interlayer will either melt or react with the base metal to form a liquid. During the hold time above the melting temperature, the melting point depressant (solute) into the base metal (solvent). This resulting solid/liquid interfacial motion via epitaxial growth of the substrate is termed ‘‘isothermal solidification. ’’ A homogeneous bond between the substrates is formed when the two solid/liquid interfaces meet at the joint centerline marking the end of the isothermal solidification stage.
Evaluation of cytotoxicity of Moringa oleifera Lam. callus and leaf extracts on Hela cells

Background: There are considerable attempts worldwide on herbal and traditional compounds to validate their use as anti-cancer drugs. Plants from Moringaceae family including Moringa oleifera possess several activities such as antitumor effect on tumor cell lines. In this study we sought to determine if callus and leaf extracts of M. oleifera possess any cytotoxicity. Materials and Methods: Ethanol-water (70-30) extracts of callus and leaf of M. oleifera were prepared by maceration method. The amount of phenolic compounds of the extracts was determined by Folin Ciocalteu method. The cytotoxicity of the extracts against Hela tumor cells was carried out using MTT assay. Briefly, cells were seeded in microplates and different concentrations of the extract were added. Cells were incubated for 48 h and their viability was evaluated by addition of tetrazolium salt solution. After 3 h medium was aspirated, dimethyl sulfoxide was added and absorbance was determined at 540 nm with an ELISA plate reader. Cytotoxicity was considered when more than 50% reduction on cell survival was observed. Results: Callus and leaf extracts of M. oleifera significantly decreased the viability of Hela cells in a concentration-dependent manner. However, leaf extract of M. oleifera were more potent than that of callus extract. Conclusion: As the content of phenolic compounds of leaf extract was higher than that of callus extract, it can be concluded that phenolic compounds are involved in the cytotoxicity of M. oleifera.
3 D GLOH Features for Human Action Recognition

Human action recognition from videos has wide applications and has attracted significant interests. In this work, to better identify spatio-temporal characteristics, we propose a novel 3D extension of Gradient Location and Orientation Histograms, which provides discriminative local features representing not only the gradient orientation, but also their relative locations. We further propose a human action recognition system based on the Bag of Visual Words model, by combining the new 3D GLOH local features with Histograms of Oriented Optical Flow (HOOF) global features. Along with the idea from our recent work to extract features only in salient regions, our overall system outperforms existing feature descriptors for human action recognition for challenging real-world video datasets.
Soy isoflavones exert beneficial effects on letrozole-induced rat polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) model through anti-androgenic mechanism

Abstract Context: Soy is the main source of phytoestrogens, which has long been used as traditional food. One major subtype of phytoestrogens includes isoflavones and they are scientifically validated for their beneficial actions on many hormone-dependent conditions. Objective: The present study examines the effect of soy isoflavones on letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) rat model. Materials and methods: PCOS was induced in Sprague–Dawley rats with of 1 mg/kg letrozole, p.o. once daily for 21 consecutive days. Soy isoflavones (50 and 100 mg/kg) was administered for 14 days after PCOS induction. Physical parameters (body weight, oestrous cycle determination, ovary and uterus weight) metabolic parameters (oral glucose tolerance test, total cholesterol), steroidal hormone profile (testosterone and 17β-oestradiol), steroidogenic enzymes (3β-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (HSD) and 17β-HSD), oxidative stress and histopathology of ovary were studied. Results: Soy isoflavones (100 mg/kg) treatment significantly altered the letrozole-induced PCOS symptoms as observed by decreased body weight gain (p < 0.05), percentage diestrous phase (p < 0.001), testosterone (p < 0.001), 3β-HSD (p < 0.01) and 17β-HSD (p < 0.001) enzyme activity and oxidative stress. Histological results reveal that soy isoflavones treatment in PCOS rats resulted in well-developed antral follicles and normal granulosa cell layer in rat ovary. Discussion: Treatment with soy isoflavones exerts beneficial effects in PCOS rats (with decreased aromatase activity) which might be due to their ability to decrease testosterone concentration in the peripheral blood. Conclusion: Analysis of physical, biochemical and histological evidences shows that soy isoflavones may be beneficial in PCOS.
The Humanity of the Psychotic Patient and the Human Approach by the Therapist: A Relational and Intersubjective Meeting

1024x768 Normal 0 false false false /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt; mso-para-margin:0in; mso-para-margin-bottom:. 0001pt; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:10.0pt; font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-ansi-language:#0400; mso-fareast-language:#0400; mso-bidi-language:#0400;} Atwood describes a relational, humanistic, existential, and psychodynamic approach to treating seriously mentally ill clients and calls for a restoration of psychology as a human science. Â In our response, we echo Atwoodâ€™s values and explore the phenomena of serious mental illness from the point of view of the patientâ€™s subjectivity and lived experience, contrasting it with reductionist and efficiency-oriented models of mental illness and treatment. Â In our commentary, we extend his thoughts on treatment of psychotic patients through the lens of contemporary relational and intersubjective theories. We also discuss the place of this work in the current context.
High-resolution X-ray spectroscopy of bright O-type stars

Archival X-ray spectra of the four prominent single, non-magnetic O stars ζ Pup, ζ Ori, ξ Per, ζ Oph, obtained in high resolution with Chandra HETGS/MEG have been studied. The resolved X-ray emission line profiles prov ide information about the shocked, hot gas which emits the X-radiation, and about the bulk of comparably cool stellar wind material which partly absorbs this radiation. In the pr esent paper we synthesize X-ray line profiles with a model of a clumpy stellar wind. We find that the geometrical shape of the wind inhomogeneities is important: better agreement with the observations can be achieved with radially compressed clumps than with spherical clumps. The parameters of the model, i.e. chemical abundances, stellar radius, mass-loss rate a nd terminal wind velocity, are taken from existing analyses of UV and optical spectra of the program stars. On this basis we also calculate the continuum absorption coefficient of the cool- wind material, using the Potsdam Wolf-Rayet (POWR) model atmosphere code. The radial location of X-ray emitting gas is restricted from analyzing the fir line ratios of helium-like ions. The only remaining free parameter of our model is the typical distance between the clumps; here we assume that at any point in the wind there is one clump passing by per one dynamical timescale of the wind. The total emission in a model line is scaled to the observation. There is a good agreement between synthetic and observed line profiles. We conclude th at the X-ray emission line profiles in O stars can be explained by hot plasma embedded in a cool wind which is highly clumped in the form of radially compressed shell fragments.
Music: an exception to Creole exceptionalism? Cape Verdean national identity and creativity post-independence

This article focuses on the interrelationship between the Cape Verdean Creole (CVC) language and music as it has developed over time in literature, composition and performance experience. The written record demonstrates that, over time, a blend of scholar-practitioners, trained academics who often engaged in both the study and composition of lyrics and music, blurred the lines of the oral and written hierarchy in CVC, ultimately co-fashioning the relationship between language and music as essential to identity alongside the many existing creative practitioners working exclusively in the oral realm. Since independence, too, a major intellectual project of Cape Verdean writers has been to celebrate the work of practitioners in a scholarly fashion. Simultaneously, many practitioners have worked to reclaim and reinvigorate traditional music genres. This has contributed immensely to both the understanding and creative expression of Cape Verdean national identity, or caboverdianidade. This article also takes on an ethnographic inquiry into the creative process and aesthetic preferences that bring together CVC and Cape Verdean music. It becomes clear that CVC is widely considered by Cape Verdean songwriters to be the best language for composition and performance on a number of grounds – sonic, aesthetic, linguistic and sociopolitical reasons among them.
Larger Cell Size in Rabbits With Heart Failure Increases Myocardial Conduction Velocity and QRS Duration

Background— Patients with heart failure (HF) have an increased QRS duration, usually attributed to decreased conduction velocity (CV) due to ionic remodeling but which may alternatively result from increased heart size or cellular uncoupling. We investigated the relationship between QRS width, heart size, intercellular coupling, and CV in a rabbit model of moderate HF and in computer simulations. Methods and Results— HF was induced by pressure-volume overload. Heart weight (21.1±0.5 versus 10.2±0.4 g, mean±SEM; P<0.01) and QRS duration (58±1 versus 50±1 ms; P<0.01) were increased in HF versus control. Longitudinal CV (&thgr;L; 79±2 versus 67±4 cm/s; P<0.01) and transversal subepicardial CV (&thgr;T; 43±2 versus 37±2 cm/s; P<0.05) were higher in HF than in controls. Transmural CV (&thgr;™) was unchanged (25±2 versus 24±1 cm/s; P=NS). Patch-clamp experiments demonstrated that sodium current was unchanged in HF versus control. Immunohistochemical experiments revealed that connexin43 content was reduced in midmyocardium but unchanged in subepicardium. Myocyte dimensions were increased in HF by ≈30%. Simulated strands of mammalian ventricular cells (Luo-Rudy dynamic model) revealed increased &thgr;L and &thgr;T with increased myocyte size; however, increased CV could not compensate for increased strand size of longitudinally coupled cells, and consequently, total activation time was longer. Conclusions— Increased myocyte size combined with the observed expression pattern of connexin43 yields increased &thgr;L and &thgr;T and unchanged &thgr;™ in our nonischemic model of HF. A hypertrophied left ventricle together with insufficiently increased &thgr;L and unaltered &thgr;™ results in a prolonged QRS duration.
Peer tutoring in the ESL classroom : what do these students tell us?

This study explored the usefulness of peer tutoring among elementary school-aged nonnative speakers of English (NNS). In this study, the more proficient NNS of English tutored their less proficient NNS peers. I explored the usefulness of peer tutoring in the natural classroom environment of the English as a second language (ESL) students in Grades 4 to 7. The study focuses on how and to what extent the ESL students can assist each other in the academic and language learning of a science study on the human body during peer tutoring sessions. Taking an ethnographic research approach, the study employed a variety of data collection methods such as classroom observations, formal and informal interviews with the participants, tape recording peer tutoring sessions and collecting writing samples of the students' work. Eighteen ESL students, the classroom teacher and the researcher as participant observer were the participants in this study. Seven themes emerged from the data for discussion of the findings of the study. The results of this study demonstrate that with teacher scaffolding, such as modelling strategies, explicit instruction, and contextual hands-on group tasks for experiential learning and sharing, that NNS of English can and do assist their NNS peers during peer tutoring. Further to this, results indicated that the matching of tutors and tutees is complex and requires careful consideration when forming the tutoring dyads. An interesting aspect of the study revealed that discourse and "concepts" were being scaffolded at the same time and that students were able to include description and causal discourse in their writing about topics on the human body. Abstract TABLE OF CONTENTSTABLE OF CONTENTS ii Table of
Rake cursor: improving pointing performance with concurrent input channels

We investigate the use of two concurrent input channels to perform a pointing task. The first channel is the traditional mouse input device whereas the second one is the gaze position. The rake cursor interaction technique combines a grid of cursors controlled by the mouse and the selection of the active cursor by the gaze. A controlled experiment shows that rake cursor pointing drastically outperforms mouse-only pointing and also significantly outperforms the state of the art of pointing techniques mixing gaze and mouse input. A theory explaining the improvement is proposed: the global difficulty of a task is split between those two channels, and the sub-tasks could partly be performed concurrently.
Renal nerves modulate kidney renin gene expression during the transition from fetal to newborn life.

The role of renal nerves in regulating changes in plasma renin activity (PRA) and renal renin gene expression was studied in intact (n = 6) and denervated (n = 6) fetal sheep before birth and during the first 24 h after delivery. Renal denervation completely blunted the rise in PRA observed 24 h after delivery in newborn lambs; in lambs with intact kidneys, PRA increased significantly (P less than 0.05) from 3.26 +/- 0.60 (predelivery) to 6.34 +/- 1.85 ng angiotensin I (ANG I). ml-1.h-1 (24 h postdelivery), while in lambs with denervated kidneys, predelivery and post-delivery values were 2.84 +/- 0.19 and 2.49 +/- 0.45 ng ANG I.ml-1.h-1, respectively. Renin mRNA levels were significantly lower (P less than 0.001) in denervated than in intact kidneys 24 h after birth. A close analysis of these results also revealed that renin mRNA levels were significantly higher (P less than 0.001) in intact kidneys of newborn lambs delivered vaginally (n = 3) than in newborn lambs delivered by cesarean section (n = 3). These results suggest that renal nerves play an important role in regulating renin gene expression and PRA during the transition from fetal to newborn life.
Indoor Tracking Using Undirected Graphical Models

Indoor tracking and navigation is a fundamental need for pervasive and context-aware smartphone applications. Although indoor maps are becoming increasingly available, there is no practical and reliable indoor map matching solution available at present. We present MapCraft, a novel, robust and responsive technique that is extremely computationally efficient (running in under 10 ms on an Android smartphone), does not require training in different sites, and tracks well even when presented with very noisy sensor data. Key to our approach is expressing the tracking problem as a conditional random field (CRF), a technique which has had great success in areas such as natural language processing. Unlike directed graphical models like Hidden Markov Models, CRFs capture arbitrary constraints that express how well observations support state transitions, given map constraints. In addition, we show how to further improve tracking accuracy, by tuning the parameters of the motion sensing model using an unsupervised EM-style optimization scheme. Extensive experiments in multiple sites show how MapCraft outperforms state-of-the art approaches, demonstrating excellent tracking error and accurate reconstruction of tortuous trajectories with zero training effort. As proof of its robustness, we also demonstrate how it is able to accurately track the position of a user from accelerometer and magnetometer measurements only (i.e., gyroand Wi-Fi-free). We believe that such an energy-efficient approach will enable always-on background localisation, enabling a new era of location-aware applications to be developed.