Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Glial fibrillary acidic protein and vimentin immunoreactivity of astroglial cells in the central nervous system of the African lungfish, Protopterus annectens (Dipnoi: Lepidosirenidae)

The distribution of glial intermediate filament molecular markers, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and vimentin, in the brain and spinal cord of the African lungfish, Protopterus annectens, was examined by light microscopy immunoperoxidase cytochemistry. Glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactivity is clear and is evident in a radial glial system. It consists of fibers of different lengths and thicknesses that are arranged in a regular radial pattern throughout the central nervous system (CNS). They emerge from generally immunopositive radial ependymoglia (tanycytes), lining the ventricular surface, and are directed from the ventricular wall to the meningeal surface. These fibers give rise to endfeet that are apposed to the subpial surface and to blood vessel walls forming the glia limitans externa and the perivascular glial layer, respectively. GFAP‐immunopositive star‐shaped astrocytes were not found in P. annectens CNS. In the gray matter of the spinal cord, cell bodies of immunopositive radial glia are displaced from the ependymal layer. Vimentin‐immunopositive structures are represented by thin fibers mostly localized in the peripheral zones of the brain and the spinal cord. While a few stained fibers appear in the gray matter, the ependymal layer shows no antivimentin immunostaining. In P. annectens the immunocytochemical response of the astroglial intermediate filaments is typical of a mature astroglia cell lineage, since they primarily express GFAP immunoreactivity. This immunocytochemical study shows that the glial pattern of the African lungfish resembles that found in tetrapods such as urodeles and reptiles. The glial pattern of lungfishes is comparable to that of urodeles and reptiles but is not as complex as that of teleosts, birds, and mammals. J. Morphol. 262:741–749, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Self-regulated Learning at the Junction of Cognition and Motivation

Self-regulated learning has emerged as a powerful new learning theory that is able to promote the transfer of knowledge and skills to real-life situations and make students more independent of their teachers in extending and updating their knowledge base. In recent years, many researchers have shown an interest in developing a theory of self-regulated learning. Considerable research has been generated, but the concept is still too broadly defined and its basic foundations remain poorly understood. The purpose of this paper is to examine the theoretical underpinnings of two strongly related aspects of self-regulated learning that have, until recently, been studied in a relatively isolated fashion. The conceptual framework that is presented in this paper highlights the parallel and reciprocal relationships between components of the cognitive and motivational repertoire and centers on three levels of these repertoires: domain-specific knowledge, strategy use, and goals.
The interdependence between forms of mutuality and the development of theoretical interest in the classroom

The present Vygotskian community is divided by a common language, 1 argue. By closer inspection there appears to be 2 quotation communities. The reasons for this are many, but the main reason seems to be the different reception histories of Vygosky's work in Russia and in the U. S. , respectively. Concurrently, on the continent there also exist 2 different quotation communities. In one community Vygotsky's work initially was introduced through his Russian disciples; in the other community through his American adherents. This article focuses on a Vygotsky‐inspired curriculum rationale that is not yet widely known abroad. It is authored by El ‘konin and Davydov. In Russian parlance this approach is called Developmental Education. By closer inspection it turns out that there is a remarkable family resemblance between this approach and the American approach known as the Schools‐for‐Thought movement. Here both approaches are juxtaposed and critically valued.
Self-efficacy, Controllability and Intention in the Theory of Planned Behavior: Measurement Redundancy or Causal Independence?

Empirical research has identified two distinct item clusters used to measure perceived behavioral control (PBC) labeled self-efficacy and controllability. Self-efficacy has been reported as the superior predictor of intention in all research efforts with these PBC factors. However, we argue that the conception of these item clusters originates from backward theorizing and hypothesize that controllability items are better indicators of the originally conceived PBC construct, while self-efficacy taps the measurement domains of both PBC and intention. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate factor distinction with PBC and intention items across disparate samples of 302 undergraduate students and 267 cancer survivors in the exercise domain. Results found the only model with acceptable fit across populations was that of controllability and intention ( h 2 (8) = 6.91, p = 0.55; RMSEA = 0.00; CFI = 1.00 for undergraduates and h 2 (8) = 26.51, p <0.01; RMSEA = 0.09; CFI = 0.97 for cancer survivors) supporting our hypothesis that the controllability concept, but not the self-efficacy factor, has a clean measurement distinction from intention. Further, self-efficacy items showed factor complexity between PBC and intention across both samples, suggesting that self-efficacy may have been reported as superior to controllability in predicting intention due to measurement redundancy rather than meaningful causal influence.
Evaluating the Predictive Validity of Graduate Management Admission Test Scores

Admissions data and first-year grade point average (GPA) data from 11 graduate management schools were analyzed to evaluate the predictive validity of Graduate Management Admission Test® (GMAT®) scores and the extent to which predictive validity held across sex and race/ethnicity. The results indicated GMAT verbal and quantitative scores had substantial predictive validity, accounting for about 16% of the variance in graduate GPA beyond that predicted by undergraduate GPA. When these scores and undergraduate GPA were used together, they accounted for approximately 25% of the variation in first-year graduate GPA. Correcting correlations for restriction of range improved the predictive power. No statistical differences were found across examinee groups defined by race/ethnicity and sex, which suggests a lack of bias in these scores. The predictive utility of GMAT analytical writing scores was relatively low, accounting for only about 1% of the variation in graduate GPA, after accounting for undergraduate GPA and GMAT verbal and quantitative scores.
The first independent Ukrainian census in Crimea: Myths, miscoding, and missed opportunities

State-defined identity categories can have a profound impact on individuals’ conception of themselves. Like birth certificates and migration documents, the census is a crucial instrument in producing and maintaining ethnic and racial identities. Recent research suggests that censuses measure preferences, rather than objective data, and can profitably be studied along the lines of political campaigns. This article advances the idea that the next question is whose preference is being recorded. Ethnographic research on the micropolitics of census-taking in Crimea, Ukraine suggest the dynamics between census-takers and ethnic constituencies, as well as instructions from census officials with various ethnic loyalties, have a crucial role to play.
Needs assessment and the critical implications of a rigid textbook/ syllabus for in-service education and training for primary english teachers in the United Arab Emirates

Abstract This article explores the application of a needs assessment model for in-service education and training (INSET), developed and used effectively in a Namibian context, to an INSET programme for primary English teachers in the United Arab Emirates. The model is drawn from Roth's (1978, cited in Witkin, 1984) model: X –Y = N, where X is the actual state, Y is the target state, and N is the gap between them (need). The model was found to be effective in the Emirati context. There were, however, some differences between the use of the model in the Emirati and Namibian contexts, particularly in the effectiveness of the strategies used to collect data concerning the actual state. Efforts to apply the model highlighted a number of issues: the limitations of the syllabus/textbook; the extent to which curriculum centralisation and the use of a rigid syllabus/textbook affect teaching practices; and their implications for in-service programmes.
Motherless mothers: Maternally bereaved women in their everyday roles as mothers

Abstract Motherless mothers are women who lose their mothers to death prior to having their children, and therefore raise their children without the maternal support and guidance afforded to many women whose mothers are still alive (Edelman, 2006). A qualitative research design was used to gain an in-depth understanding of the everyday experiences faced by motherless mothers. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with 10 motherless mothers. Four major themes emerged including grief, support, absence of knowledge, and changes to self following loss. Results provide insight into the ongoing influence a mother’s death can have on a daughter’s life and draw distinction to specific issues faced by motherless mothers in their everyday mother roles. Results of this research also have implications for clinicians and others working with maternally bereaved women who are entering or experiencing the mother role.
The production of scholarly knowledge in the global market arena: University ranking systems, prestige and power

The relationships between disciplines and the institutions within which they are situated is a fertile area for researching the shaping of sociological knowledge. Applying theoretical insights from the sociology of knowledge, this article draws on an empirical study of research publications in the sociology of health and medicine to show which institutions in the Australian context are most likely to use sociological theory. When the institutions are positioned within the global university ranking system, an inverse association between sociological theory and the relative wealth and prestige of the originating institution becomes evident. Some of the implications of this finding are discussed with reference to the on-going viability of disciplines.
Skill and Capacity Management in Large-scale Service Marketplaces

Customers who need quick resolutions for their temporary problems are increasingly seeking help in largescale, Web-based service marketplaces. Due to the temporary nature of the relations between customers and service providers (agents) in these marketplaces, customers may not have an opportunity to assess the ability of an agent before their service completion. On the other hand, the moderating firm has a more sustained relationship with agents, and thus it can provide customers with more information about the abilities of agents through skill screening mechanisms. The main goal of this paper paper is to explore how the moderating firm may use its skill screening tools while making skill and capacity management decisions. Surprisingly, we show that the dynamics of the service marketplace may force the moderating firm to limit the potential service capacity even when supply is significantly scarce. We also show that the impact of the marketplace dynamics is alleviated when the firm can isolate its business with one particular customer type from the other customer types, especially when skills required to serve di↵erent customer needs are correlated. Thus, the firm prefers to utilize the potential service capacity if skills of an agent are correlated.
Gender convergence in core housework hours

The increase in dual-earner families over the last few decades raises questions about whether men are sharing the homemaker role now that women are sharing the breadwinner role. Theories of the allocation of unpaid work, such as dependency and exchange approaches, time availability and gender display, were developed during the period when the male-breadwinner family was the dominant family type in many Western societies. Using data collected by three Australian surveys conducted between 1986 and 2005 (N = 5598), I find that the increase in dual-earner families has been accompanied by a convergence in housework hours due to men spending more time and women spending less time doing core housework tasks. Attitudes to gender roles appear to be the key predictor of housework hours overriding the effects of time availability, income and relative income
The Effects of Food on Mood and Behavior: Implications for the Addictions Model of Obesity and Eating Disorders

SUMMARY The addictions model of obesity claims that individuals gain excess weight due to their dependence on and inability to control the intake of certain food substances. The dependence and lack of control over these food substances is undergirded by, according to the addictions model, the psychoactive properties of foods. The article reviews the literature on the purported psychoactive effects of foods and concludes that although, under certain circumstances, some food substances may have subtle effects on mood and behavior, the effects of food are quite different from that of psychoactive drugs such as nicotine and alcohol. Therefore, the food addictions model is unlikely to provide a fruitful paradigm for understanding the complex problem of obesity.
On the density of truth in Dummett's logic (Extended Abstract)

For the given logical calculus we investigate the size of the fraction of true formulas of a certain length n against the number of all formulas of this length. We are especially interested in asymptotic behaviour of this fraction when n tends to infinity. If the limit of the fraction exists it represents a number which we call the density of truth for the investigated logic. In this paper we apply this approach to the Dummett intermediate linear logic (see [2]). This paper shows the exact density of this logic and demonstrates that it covers a substantial part of classical propositional calculus. In fact, despite strictly mathematical means used to solve all discussed problems, this paper may have a philosophical impact on understanding to what extent the phenomenon of truth is sporadic or frequent in random mathematics sentences.
Resigned Compliance

This article reports on the introduction of performance-related pay (PRP) in schools in Wales. Specifically, it evaluates the attitudes of teachers to PRP by means of a large-scale questionnaire survey. The results suggest a strong antipathy to PRP for school teachers on the basis that it would be divisive and difficult to implement. In particular, teachers felt that it would be problematic to isolate the performance of individual teachers and deleterious to collegiality and teamwork in schools. Moreover, teachers were critical of the methods of assessment, differences between schools, the potential for subjectivity and favouritism, the negative effect on morale and the bureaucratic burden.
A novel autoantigen to differentiate limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis from diffuse cutaneous systemic sclerosis: the interferon-inducible gene IFI16.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the presence and clinical significance of autoantibodies against the interferon-inducible gene IFI16 in systemic sclerosis (SSc), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and other autoimmune diseases. METHODS Immunohistochemical analysis was used to evaluate the expression of IFI16 in skin biopsy specimens obtained from patients with SSc and patients with SLE. Levels of antibodies against IFI16 in sera from 82 patients with SSc and 100 patients with SLE were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Other autoimmune diseases such as primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), chronic urticaria, and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection were also examined. RESULTS Expression of IFI16 was greatly increased and was ubiquitous in all layers of the epidermis and in the dermal inflammatory infiltrates of lesional skin from both patients with SLE and patients with SSc. Patients with SLE, those with primary SS, and those with SSc exhibited significantly higher anti-IFI16 IgG antibody levels compared with normal controls (for SLE, P < 0.002; for primary SS, P < 0.001; for SSc, P < 0.0005). Anti-IFI16 titers above the ninety-fifth percentile for control subjects were observed in 26% of the patients with SLE, 50% of those with primary SS, and 21% of those with SSc (28% of patients with limited cutaneous SSc [lcSSc] versus 4% of patients with diffuse cutaneous SSc [dcSSc]). In contrast, the prevalence of anti-IFI16 was 4% in patients with RA, 5% in those with chronic urticaria, and 13% in those with HCV infection. CONCLUSION The results of this study provide evidence that an IFN-inducible gene, IFI16, may be involved in the pathophysiologic mechanisms of connective tissue disorders such as SSc. Moreover, a strict correlation with lcSSc was also demonstrated, thus providing a novel tool in the differential diagnosis of lcSSc from dcSSc.
In Silico Analysis of Burkholderia pseudomallei Genome Sequence for Potential Drug Targets

Recent advances in DNA sequencing technology have enabled elucidation of whole genome information from a plethora of organisms. In parallel with this technology, various bioinformatics tools have driven the comparative analysis of the genome sequences between species and within isolates. While drawing meaningful conclusions from a large amount of raw material, computer-aided identification of suitable targets for further experimental analysis and characterization, has also led to the prediction of non-human homologous essential genes in bacteria as promising candidates for novel drug discovery. Here, we present a comparative genomic analysis to identify essential genes in Burkholderia pseudomallei. Our in silico prediction has identified 312 essential genes which could also be potential drug candidates. These genes encode essential proteins to support the survival of B. pseudomallei including outer-inner membrane and surface structures, regulators, proteins involved in pathogenenicity, adaptation, chaperones as well as degradation of small and macromolecules, energy metabolism, information transfer, central/intermediate/miscellaneous metabolism pathways and some conserved hypothetical proteins of unknown function. Therefore, our in silico approach has enabled rapid screening and identification of potential drug targets for further characterization in the laboratory.
Genetic Map of Cotton with Molecular Markers

Cotton (Gossypium spp.) is the most important natural fiber in the world, and its seeds are also used as a food source. Breeding cotton for traits of interest, such as production and processing of fibers, will ensure that this natural product is as competitive as renewable synthetic fibers derived from petroleum. Thus, the mapping of the cotton genome for traits of interest may be the basis for its subsequent use in breeding programs. This work consists of a literature review, with the aim of bringing together works from different research groups working with the mapping of the cotton genome with molecular markers.
Identification of four novel cytochrome P4501B1 mutations (p.I94X, p.H279D, p.Q340H, and p.K433K) in primary congenital glaucoma patients

Purpose Primary congenital glaucoma (PCG) is an autosomal recessive eye disorder that is postulated to result from developmental defects in the anterior eye segment. Mutations in the cytochrome P4501B1 (CYP1B1) gene are a predominant cause of congenital glaucoma. In this study we identify CYP1B1 mutations in PCG patients. Methods Twenty-three unrelated PCG patients and 50 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. CYP1B1 was screened for mutations by PCR and DNA sequencing. Results DNA sequencing revealed a total of 15 mutations. Out of these, four (p.I94X, p.H279D, p.Q340H, and p.K433K) were novel mutations and five were known pathogenic mutations. Five coding single nucleotide polymorphisms and one intronic single nucleotide polymorphism (rs2617266) were also found. Truncating mutations (p.I94X and p.R355X) were associated with the most severe disease phenotype. It is possible that patients with two null alleles with no catalytic activity may present with a more severe phenotype of the disease compared to patients with one null allele (heterozygous). The disease phenotype of patients with CYP1B1 mutations was more severe compared with the clinical phenotype of patients negative for CYP1B1 mutations. Conclusion Mutations in CYP1B1 are a major cause for PCG in our patients. Identifying mutations in subjects at risk of developing glaucoma, particularly among relatives of PCG patients, is of clinical significance. These developments may help in reducing the disease frequency in familial cases. Such studies will be of benefit in the identification of pathogenic mutations in different populations and will enable us to develop simple and rapid diagnostic tests for analyzing such cases.
Genetic Modeling of PIM Proteins in Cancer: Proviral Tagging and Cooperation with Oncogenes, Tumor Suppressor Genes, and Carcinogens

The PIM proteins, which were initially discovered as proviral insertion sites in Moloney-murine leukemia virus infection, are a family of highly homologous serine/threonine kinases that have been reported to be overexpressed in hematological malignancies and solid tumors. The PIM proteins have also been associated with metastasis and overall treatment responses and implicated in the regulation of apoptosis, metabolism, the cell cycle, and homing and migration, which makes these proteins interesting targets for anti-cancer drug discovery. The use of retroviral insertional mutagenesis and refined approaches such as complementation tagging has allowed the identification of myc, pim, and a third group of genes (including bmi1 and gfi1) as complementing genes in lymphomagenesis. Moreover, mouse modeling of human cancer has provided an understanding of the molecular pathways that are involved in tumor initiation and progression at the physiological level. In particular, genetically modified mice have allowed researchers to further elucidate the role of each of the Pim isoforms in various tumor types. PIM kinases have been identified as weak oncogenes because experimental overexpression in lymphoid tissue, prostate, and liver induces tumors at a relatively low incidence and with a long latency. However, very strong synergistic tumorigenicity between Pim1/2 and c-Myc and other oncogenes has been observed in lymphoid tissues. Mouse models have also been used to study whether the inhibition of specific PIM isoforms is required to prevent carcinogen-induced sarcomas, indicating that the absence of Pim2 and Pim3 greatly reduces sarcoma growth and bone invasion; the extent of this effect is similar to that observed in the absence of all three isoforms. This review will summarize some of the animal models that have been used to understand the isoform-specific contribution of PIM kinases to tumorigenesis.