Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modelling coupled heat and moisture transfer between air and porous materials for building applications

Moisture management has an important impact on building performance and durability. Problems caused by moisture and moisture transport in buildings are numerous. Rising damp, interstitial condensation and rain penetration are only a few phenomena that cause damage to occur in and on the building envelope. Possible moisture related damage phenomena are mould growth, material degradation by freeze-thaw cycles, wood rot, corrosion, etc… For some of these moisture related problems, the interaction between the porous building material and the surrounding air has a significant impact. Therefore the current research focusses on the heat and moisture transport in porous building materials and the interaction with transport in the surrounding air. To better understand the occurring phenomena when convection in the air is present and to avoid moisture related problems from the design stage there is a strong need for accurate modelling tools. Currently several simulation tools are available but only a few allow a simultaneous and accurate modelling of convective heat and moisture transport in the air. Therefore a new model was developed which is able to solve the coupled heat and moisture transport in air and porous materials for 2- and 3-dimensional problems. This model was extensively verified and validated both with data from literature and with new experimental data. It was concluded that the model agrees well with measurements. A case study on a ventilated cavity wall clearly shows the abilities of the newly developed model. With the new model it is now possible to study temperature and moisture distribution in the cavity wall both in space and in time.
Looking for expertise in physical interactions

In this paper, we describe the methods we have used to investigate expertise in interaction with physical interfaces. This paper covers the background of the interfaces (compression bandages), describes the methods used and presents findings on the use of tacit and explicit knowledge during interaction. Due to the increase in interest in interfaces that cross between the physical and digital, this method may be of interest to researchers who are involved in similar projects.
Quality Mining A Data Mining Based Method for Data Quality Evaluation

: The value of information depends directly on the quality of the data used. Decisions are no better than the data on which they are based. How can organizations assess the quality of their information? How can they know if their data are useful? Quality control and management have become competitive needs for most businesses today, and there is a wide experience on the topic of quality. Approaches range from technical, such as statistical process control, to managerial, such as quality circles. An analogous experience basis is needed for data quality. In this paper we present a method for data quality evaluation based on Data Mining. We introduce QuAsAR, a mechanism for the systematic analysis of correctness based on the information itself. In order to evaluate the performance of the method, we apply it to a real case study. This case study helps us to analyze support and confidence intervals and distribution of erroneous data.
The temperature dependence of the heliconical tilt angle in the twist-bend nematic phase of the odd dimer CB7CB

We report precise birefringence measurements in the nematic, N, and in the twist-bend nematic, NTB, phases of the odd liquid crystal dimer CB7CB. The birefringence results obtained in large monodomains of the NTB phase strongly support its heliconical structure with doubly degenerate handedness and provide the temperature dependence of the conical tilt angle, θ. The birefringence measured in planar wall defects separating the monodomains with opposite sign of the chirality suggests a splay-bend structure of the nematic in this region, enabling a smooth transition between the adjacent right- and left-handed heliconical domains.
Towards seamless agent middleware

This paper describes the current evolution of agent middleware, supporting and promoting an autonomous agent component model. We first assess the current state of agent technology, then we make a case for increased integration between agents and their environment, composed by entities with different models. We notice that this integration trend emerged more and more in the last few years, but there are still important issues to be tackled and solved. Examples drawn from our experience with concrete agent infrastructures such as JADE are used to ground the discussion.
Interaction between antidepressants and alcohol: signal amplification by multiple case reports.

BACKGROUND Alcohol use and antidepressant prescription are prevalent in many countries, but little is known about their combined effects. OBJECTIVE Having been surprised by selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) antidepressant-treated patients who became prone to pathological intoxication, we examined this association, searching for relevant literature and cases. METHODS A detailed literature search showed little or no interaction between SSRIs and alcohol in laboratory studies, and inconsistent effects of these drugs in problem drinkers. We collected cases to study from our own and colleagues' practices, regulatory agencies and web-based discussion fora, and considered evidence for interactions according to standard criteria. RESULTS Pathological intoxication, characterized by unexpected and often gross disinhibition, was identified in 100 of 201 reports that provided enough detail to be evaluated. Memory impairment was prominent in just over half (53/100) of these. Outcomes included serious violence; homicide occurred in 8 cases, including two double and one triple homicide (12 deaths). CONCLUSIONS Multiple lines of evidence amplify a thus far barely recognized signal of interactions of SSRI and related antidepressants with alcohol. Systematic collection of further data is required to further characterize this syndrome, but in the meantime effective warnings must be introduced to alert prescribers and patients to the serious risk of pathological intoxication during antidepressant treatment.
Theoretical and Experimental Studies on Residual Stresses in Laminated Polymer Composites

In this research, the residual stresses in thermoset polymer composites are studied. Generally, these stresses are studied from the macroscopic and microscopic points of view. The main factors responsible for the buildup of these stresses in composite materials are the curing process, moisture, and temperature. The stress-free temperature of various samples of a laminated composite is measured. The macroscopic residual stresses due to the curing process of orthotropic thermoset polymer composites are determined analytically by two methods in addition to an experimental one. The classical lamination theory (CLT) is used for the calculation of residual stresses in each layer of laminated composites. It is shown that the capability of the classical lamination theory in the calculation of the residual stresses without considering the temperature dependent properties is very good. However, the shape of the unsymmetrical laminated specimen at room temperature, calculated by the CLT, is not generally accurate. The energy method is used for the modification of the CLT in predicting the room-temperature shape of the unsymmetrical laminated composites. Experimentally, glass/epoxy and carbon/epoxy laminated composites are studied by the hole drilling method. This method is shown to be reliable for an accurate measurement of the residual stresses in the first layer of laminated composites.
Locus-Specific Control of DNA Methylation by the Arabidopsis SUVH5 Histone Methyltransferase[W]

In Arabidopsis thaliana, heterochromatin formation is guided by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA), which triggers methylation of histone H3 at Lys-9 (H3 mK9) and CG plus non-CG methylation on identical DNA sequences. At heterochromatin targets including transposons and centromere repeats, H3 mK9 mediated by the Su(var)3-9 homologue 4 (SUVH4)/KYP histone methyltransferase (MTase) is required for the maintenance of non-CG methylation by the CMT3 DNA MTase. Here, we show that although SUVH4 is the major H3 K9 MTase, the SUVH5 protein also has histone MTase activity in vitro and contributes to the maintenance of H3 mK9 and CMT3-mediated non-CG methylation in vivo. Strikingly, the relative contributions of SUVH4, SUVH5, and a third related histone MTase, SUVH6, to non-CG methylation are locus-specific. For example, SUVH4 and SUVH5 together control transposon sequences with only a minor contribution from SUVH6, whereas SUVH4 and SUVH6 together control a transcribed inverted repeat source of dsRNA with only a minor contribution from SUVH5. This locus-specific variation suggests different mechanisms for recruiting or activating SUVH enzymes at different heterochromatic sequences. The suvh4 suvh5 suvh6 triple mutant loses both monomethyl and dimethyl H3 K9 at target loci. The suvh4 suvh5 suvh6 mutant also displays a loss of non-CG methylation similar to a cmt3 mutant, indicating that SUVH4, SUVH5, and SUVH6 together control CMT3 activity.
The impact of leadership on trust, knowledge management, and organizational performance: A research model

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to build a research model that examines the impact of leadership on trust, knowledge management and organizational performance. Design/methodology/approach An instrument containing six constructs (leadership: leading organization; leadership: leading people; leadership: leading self, trust, knowledge management and organizational performance) was designed and administered to subjects from all levels of management in various organizations in nine regions of the USA. Collected data were analyzed using partial least squares path modeling to test the hypotheses. Findings The study’s findings revealed positive and significant linear connection among leadership (leading organization, leading people and leading self), trust, knowledge management and organizational performance. Practical implications The findings imply that effective leadership (leading organization, leading people and leading self) contributes to elevated trust among people, promotes the successful implementation of knowledge management processes, and in turn enhances organizational performance. Therefore, leadership training and development must be a top strategic priority for any organization. Originality/value This study enriches the literature by demonstrating that effective leadership stands as the bedrock of the elevated trust, the successful knowledge management processes and the enhanced organizational performance.
Microsatellite DNA analyses support an east-west phylogeographic split of American alligator populations.

We examined the population genetic structure of American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) sampled from 12 localities across the southeastern United States. The primary goal of this study was to determine the extent of population differentiation among alligators from four Florida lakes using eight microsatellite loci and compare the results to additional sites located at varying distances from them. Analyses of population structure revealed little differentiation (F(ST)=0.039; Rho=0.012) among the four Florida lakes, Apopka, Griffin, Orange and Woodruff, which are all located in the St. John&'s River watershed in north-central Florida. Further, there was little differentiation among these samples and samples collected from the Everglades National Park (F(ST)=0.044; Rho=0.009) and south Georgia (F(ST)=0.045; Rho=0.032). Therefore, these six samples were pooled together as a "FL/sGA group. " Similarly, samples collected in the western extent of the range, Anahuac National Wildlife Refuge in Texas and Salvador Wildlife Management Area, Marsh Island Wildlife Refuge and Rockefeller Wildlife Refuge in Louisiana, also lacked population structure (F(ST)=0.024; R(ST)=0.040). These four populations were pooled into the "TX/LA group. " Comparisons of these two groups with samples taken from the Santee Coastal Reserve in South Carolina and Mobile, Alabama yielded three to four times more differentiation among groups (F(ST)=0.131; Rho=0.187). These and other analyses support the hypothesis of an east-west phylogeographic split in American alligator populations and are consistent with studies of many freshwater fish and aquatic and terrestrial turtles distributed throughout this same geographic region.
Malignant Hypertension and Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura: False Friends

Patient: Male, 63 Final Diagnosis: Thrombotic thrombocyopenic purpura Symptoms: — Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Plasmapharesis Specialty: Hematology Objective: Challenging differential diagnosis Background: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare hematologic disorder resulting in hemolysis of red blood cells, consumption of platelets, and occlusion of microvasculature. Malignant hypertension is the clinical syndrome of severe elevations in blood pressure and funduscopic hypertensive retinopathy, including bilateral flame-shaped hemorrhage and papilledema. Case Report: We describe the case of a 63-year-old man who presented with features of TTP and malignant hypertension treated with plasma exchange and developing end-stage renal disease. Conclusions: Given the diagnostic uncertainty at presentation, clinicians should quickly intervene to control hypertension and institute plasma exchange as needed.
Shear thinning and shear thickening characteristics in electrorheological fluids

The electrorheology (ER) of suspensions based on polystyrene/polyaniline (PS/PANI) core/shell structured microspheres and those based on disk-like zeolite particles at different electric fields and particle volume fractions have been studied, respectively. Both types of ER fluids showed abrupt shear thickening under high electric fields and low shear rates, as well as shear thinning when the shear rate increased. A normalized method that considers the effects of electric field strength, shear rate and particle volume fraction was proposed to compare the rheological curves of the two ER fluids. The curves evaluated from the normalization method showed similar shear thinning at low shear rates and the hydrodynamic effect at high shear rates. Shear thinning represents the structure destroyed by shearing, and shear thickening at low shear regions indicates the dramatic structure change. The particle volume fraction and structure factor effects demonstrate that the mechanical contact between particles and the wall of the electrodes is crucial to the shear strength of ER fluids, indicating an electric/magnetic field modulated friction mechanism of the ER and magnetorheological (MR) effects.
Optimality of Moore neighborhoods in protein contact maps

A protein contact map is a binary symmetric adjacency matrix capturing the distance relationship between atoms of a protein. Each cell (i, j) of a protein contact map states whether the atoms (nodes) i and j are within some Euclidean distance from each other. We examined the radius one Moore neighborhood surrounding each cell (i, j) where j > (i + 2) in complete protein contact maps by mutating them one at a time. We found that the particular configuration of a neighborhood is generally (97%) optimal in the sense that no other configuration could maintain or improve upon existing local and global efficiencies of the nodes residing in a neighborhood. Local efficiency of a node is directly related to its clustering measure. Global efficiency of a node is inversely related to its distance to other nodes in the network. This feature of the Moore neighborhood in complete protein contact maps may explain how protein residue networks are able to form long-range links to reduce average path length while maintaining a high level of clustering throughout the process of small-world formation, and could suggest new approaches to protein contact map prediction. Effectively, the problem of protein contact map prediction is transformed to one of maximizing the number of optimal neighborhoods. By comparison, Moore neighborhoods in protein contact maps with randomized long-range links are less optimal.
Stuck in a State of Inattention? Functional Hyperconnectivity as an Indicator of Disturbed Intrinsic Brain Dynamics in Adolescents With Concussion: A Pilot Study

Sports-related concussion in youth is a major public health issue. Evaluating the diffuse and often subtle changes in structure and function that occur in the brain, particularly in this population, remains a significant challenge. The goal of this pilot study was to evaluate the relationship between the intrinsic dynamics of the brain using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and relate these findings to structural brain correlates from diffusion tensor imaging in a group of adolescents with sports-related concussions (n = 6) and a group of healthy adolescent athletes (n = 6). We analyzed rs-fMRI data using a sliding windows approach and related the functional findings to structural brain correlates by applying graph theory analysis to the diffusion tensor imaging data. Within the resting-state condition, we extracted three separate brain states in both groups. Our analysis revealed that the brain dynamics in healthy adolescents was characterized by a dynamic pattern, shifting equally between three brain states; however, in adolescents with concussion, the pattern was more static with a longer time spent in one brain state. Importantly, this lack of dynamic flexibility in the concussed group was associated with increased nodal strength in the left middle frontal gyrus, suggesting reorganization in a region related to attention. This preliminary report shows that both the intrinsic brain dynamics and structural organization are altered in networks related to attention in adolescents with concussion. This first report in adolescents will be used to inform future studies in a larger cohort.
Single molecule detection of PARP1 and PARP2 interaction with DNA strand breaks and their poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation using high-resolution AFM imaging

PARP1 and PARP2 are implicated in the synthesis of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR) after detection of DNA damage. The specificity of PARP1 and PARP2 interaction with long DNA fragments containing single- and/or double-strand breaks (SSBs and DSBs) have been studied using atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging in combination with biochemical approaches. Our data show that PARP1 localizes mainly on DNA breaks and exhibits a slight preference for nicks over DSBs, although the protein has a moderately high affinity for undamaged DNA. In contrast to PARP1, PARP2 is mainly detected at a single DNA nick site, exhibiting a low level of binding to undamaged DNA and DSBs. The enhancement of binding affinity of PARP2 for DNA containing a single nick was also observed using fluorescence titration. AFM studies reveal that activation of both PARPs leads to the synthesis of highly branched PAR whose size depends strongly on the presence of SSBs and DSBs for PARP1 and of SSBs for PARP2. The initial affinity between the PARP1, PARP2 and the DNA damaged site appears to influence both the size of the PAR synthesized and the time of residence of PARylated PARP1 and PARP2 on DNA damages.
Extended N-Arylsulfonylindoles as 5-HT6 Receptor Antagonists: Design, Synthesis & Biological Evaluation

Based on a known pharmacophore model for 5-HT6 receptor antagonists, a series of novel extended derivatives of the N-arylsulfonyindole scaffold were designed and identified as a new class of 5-HT6 receptor modulators. Eight of the compounds exhibited moderate to high binding affinities and displayed antagonist profile in 5-HT6 receptor functional assays. Compounds 2-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-tosyl-1H-indol-3-yl)ethanol (4b), 1-(1-(4-iodophenylsulfonyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)-2-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethanol (4g) and 2-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazin-1-yl)-1-(1-(naphthalen-1-ylsulfonyl)-1H-indol-3-yl)ethanol (4j) showed the best binding affinity (4b pKi = 7.87; 4g pKi = 7.73; 4j pKi = 7.83). Additionally, compound 4j was identified as a highly potent antagonist (IC50 = 32 nM) in calcium mobilisation functional assay.
Arthroscopic Treatment of Posterolateral Elbow Impingement from Lateral Synovial Plicae in Throwing Athletes and Golfers

Background Although elbow pain is common in throwing athletes and golfers, posterolateral impingement from a hypertrophic synovial plica is a rare but possibly underdiagnosed condition. Purpose To evaluate the clinical results of arthroscopic treatment of symptomatic lateral elbow plicae in this athletic population. Study Design Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods Twelve patients, 9 male and 3 female, whose mean age was 21.6 years (range, 17-33 years), were reviewed. There were 7 baseball pitchers, 2 softball players, and 3 golfers. All patients had diagnosed isolated lateral elbow plica; none had lateral epicondylitis, instability, osteochondritis dissecans, arthritis, loose bodies, or nerve conditions. The mean time from onset of symptoms to treatment was 9.25 months (range, 3-24.5 months). At a mean follow-up of 33.8 months (range, 24-65.5 months), patients were evaluated with a questionnaire and examination, based on the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons standardized elbow assessment and previously reported elbow outcome score. Results Posterolateral elbow pain was present in all patients. Fifty-eight percent (7 of 12 patients) complained of clicking or catching, whereas only 25% (3 of 12) experienced swelling or effusion. At elbow arthroscopy, a thickened synovial lateral plica was debrided in all cases. Ninety-two percent (11 of 12 patients) reported an excellent outcome with a mean elbow score of 92.5 points (maximum, 100 points). Return to competitive play averaged 4.8 months (range, 3-9.5 months). One patient with a fair outcome developed medial elbow instability that later required reconstructive surgery. Conclusion Posterolateral elbow impingement from hypertrophic synovial plicae can cause significant pain and disability in throwing athletes and golfers. With careful diagnosis and exclusion of other elbow problems, treatment with arthroscopic debridement and focused rehabilitation is highly successful and allows these athletes to return to their previous level of play.
A CLUE for CLUster Ensembles

Cluster ensembles are collections of individual solutions to a given clustering problem which are useful or necessary to consider in a wide range of applications. The R package clue provides an extensible computational environment for creating and analyzing cluster ensembles, with basic data structures for representing partitions and hierarchies, and facilities for computing on these, including methods for measuring proximity and obtaining consensus and "secondary" clusterings.