Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differential Parenting Between Mothers and Fathers

Although the relationship between parenting and outcomes for children and adolescents has been examined, differences between maternal and paternal parenting styles have received less attention, particularly in the case of late adolescents. As a result, this article examines the relationship between late adolescents' perceptions of their mothers' and fathers' parenting styles and their own emotional adjustment. Findings of this study suggest that mothers and fathers use different parenting styles for their sons and daughters. It also suggests that different combinations of maternal and paternal parenting (e.g., a permissive father parenting with an authoritarian mother) are related to late adolescents' emotional adjustment, with late adolescents who have at least one authoritative parent showing better adjustment than those who do not have such a parent. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of examining dyadic parent—adolescent relationships, and it suggests that having one authoritative parent may be a protective factor for late adolescents.
A Theory of Subgroups in Work Teams

Although subgroups are a widely studied component of work teams, much of the literature on subgroups has remained loosely connected and key questions remain unanswered. We integrate research on faultlines, diversity, and intergroup processes to develop a theory composed of a typology of subgroups and a depiction of the formation, processes, and outcomes associated with subgroups. The key insight from our theory is that subgroups are characterized by three underlying factors: identity, resources, and knowledge.
Predation of Amblyseius longispinosus (Acari: Phytoseiidae) on Schizotetranychus nanjingensis (Acari: Tetranychidae), a spider mite injurious to bamboo in fujian, China

Abstract Schizotetranychus nanjingensis Ma & Yuan is a mite pest injurious to the giant bamboo (Phyllostachys pubscens) in Fujian, China. The predatory mite Amblyseius longispinosus was explored as a potential biocontrol agent against S. nanjingensis in a series of experiments. Functional response experiments at six different temperatures showed that handling time (Th) generally decreased with temperature, whereas successful attack rate (a) increased with temperature and levelled off at >20° (Table 2). Judging by a/Th values, A. longispinosus Was most efficient against S. nanjingensis at 30–35°C, about half as efficient at 20 and 25°C and performed poorly at 10–15°C. The rate of oviposition increased linearly with prey density. As expected, the number of eggs laid by predators increased linearly with the number of prey they consumed. With a fixed number of prey available, predation rates per predator decreased with predator density. The potential of A. longispinosus as a biocontrol agent against A. nanjingensisis discussed.
Comment on paper by Hayes, Haskell, and Kenner.

Hayes et al. (2002) have presented an ''EPR model'' for separating internal 90Sr doses from external gamma-ray doses in teeth and propose application to the ''Techa River population. '' Dose reconstruction for members of the Extended Techa River Cohort (ETRC) has been a focus of our studies for many years (Degteva et al. 2000a,b; 2002), and it is disappointing that Hayes et al. did not discuss this issue with us. It is our opinion that the model proposed by Hayes et al. cannot be regarded as applicable, because it is based on unrealistic assumptions. Their ''simplified'' model is far from simple, except for its unrealistic characterization of the source configuration of 90Sr deposited within the tooth. Our objections to this paper are numerous, and only the more important are given.
Priming Religious Belief and Religious Social Behavior Affects Support for Democracy

The effects of religious belief and religious social behavior on support for democracy are investigated in a priming experiment conducted among Turkish Muslims and Israeli Jews. By varying the question order of World Values Survey (WVS) items, which measure religious belief and religious social behavior, it was demonstrated that priming religious social behavior facilitates, while priming religious belief impedes, support for democracy, compared with a control group of no prime. These results were independent of participants’ intensity of religious belief or the frequency of their religious social behavior and held for the most part across both religious affiliations and political contexts.
Semantic hashing using tags and topic modeling

It is an important research problem to design efficient and effective solutions for large scale similarity search. One popular strategy is to represent data examples as compact binary codes through semantic hashing, which has produced promising results with fast search speed and low storage cost. Many existing semantic hashing methods generate binary codes for documents by modeling document relationships based on similarity in a keyword feature space. Two major limitations in existing methods are: (1) Tag information is often associated with documents in many real world applications, but has not been fully exploited yet; (2) The similarity in keyword feature space does not fully reflect semantic relationships that go beyond keyword matching. This paper proposes a novel hashing approach, Semantic Hashing using Tags and Topic Modeling (SHTTM), to incorporate both the tag information and the similarity information from probabilistic topic modeling. In particular, a unified framework is designed for ensuring hashing codes to be consistent with tag information by a formal latent factor model and preserving the document topic/semantic similarity that goes beyond keyword matching. An iterative coordinate descent procedure is proposed for learning the optimal hashing codes. An extensive set of empirical studies on four different datasets has been conducted to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed SHTTM approach against several other state-of-the-art semantic hashing techniques. Furthermore, experimental results indicate that the modeling of tag information and utilizing topic modeling are beneficial for improving the effectiveness of hashing separately, while the combination of these two techniques in the unified framework obtains even better results.
A refined filter for UHAD to improve anomaly detection

Filtering is used in intrusion detection to remove the insignificant events from a log to facilitate the analysis method to focus on the significant events and to minimize processing overhead. Generally, filtering is performed using filtering rules, which are framed using a set of data training data, or the known facts on anomalous events. This knowledge-dependent nature confines the filterer to filter-in only the recognized anomalies in the logs, making the rest unavailable for further scrutiny. This problem has been addressed earlier by designing a filterer that manipulates the tested log data based on the patterns and volume of events to calculate the filtering threshold. Even though this filtering threshold was able to retain the anomalous events in most heterogeneous logs, it failed when such events were of high volume and also due to the inaccuracies in cluster formation. Therefore, this paper proposes a refined filterer for unsupervised heterogeneous anomaly detection that retains most anomalous events irrespective of its volume in the logs and also discusses the impact of the refined filterer in supporting the detection. The experiment conducted reveals that the refined filterer retained almost all the abnormal events thereby enabling the detection of maximum anomalies. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Estimation of the impact of genital warts on health-related quality of life

Objectives: One of the two new human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines protects against HPV types 6 and 11, which cause over 95% of genital warts, in addition to protecting against HPV types 16 and 18. In anticipation of HPV vaccine implementation, the impact of genital warts on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was measured to assess the potential benefits of the quadrivalent over the bivalent vaccine. Methods: Genitourinary medicine clinic patients aged 18 years and older with a current diagnosis of genital warts were eligible; 81 consented and were interviewed by a member of the research team. A generic HRQoL questionnaire, the EQ-5D (comprising EQ-5D index and EQ visual analogue scale (VAS) scores) and a disease-specific HRQoL instrument, the CECA10, were administered. Previously established UK population norms were used as a control group for EQ-5D comparisons. Results: Cases (with genital warts) had lower EQ VAS and EQ-5D index scores than controls. After adjusting for age a mean difference between cases and controls 30 years of age and under (n = 70) of 13.9 points (95% CI 9.9 to 17.6, p<0.001) for the EQ VAS and 0.039 points (95% CI 0.005 to 0.068, p = 0.02) on the EQ-5D index (also adjusted for sex) was observed. The difference between cases and controls for the EQ VAS was especially notable in young women. Conclusions: Genital warts are associated with a significant detriment to HRQoL. The potential added benefit of preventing most cases of genital warts by HPV vaccination should be considered in decisions about which HPV vaccine to implement in the United Kingdom.
Otoacoustic emissions, pure-tone audiometry, and self-reported hearing

Abstract Objective: The aim of the study was to describe the association between otoacoustic emissions (OAEs), pure-tone thresholds, and self-reported hearing disability. Design: A population-based cohort of 4202 adults was examined with air conduction pure-tone audiometry, transient OAE (TEOAE), and distortion product OAE (DPOAE). Participants completed 15 self-report items on hearing disability. Results: Correlation coefficients in the range of 0.3 to 0.5 were observed between OAE (TEOAE, and DPOAE) and self-reported hearing depending on age and sex. Pure-tone average hearing thresholds generally predicted self-reported hearing slightly better than did the OAE measures. Adding TEOAE and DPOAE as predictors in a multivariate model together with the scores from pure-tone audiometry did not predict self-reported hearing better than did pure-tone audiometry alone. The relationship between OAE and self-reported hearing was stronger in men than in women and became more manifest with age, a trend also stronger in men. Conclusions: OAEs were shown to be a valid measure of self-reported hearing disability of the general population but added no additional information to what pure-tone hearing thresholds had already captured.
Chili: viewpoint control and on-video drawing for mobile video calls

We introduce Chili, a mobile video call system with viewpoint control of the remote scene and augmentation of the live video with freehand drawing. To enable the viewpoint control with ordinary mobile devices, Chili uses visualization and human action instead of any additional mechanics or optics, and also exploits remotely switching between the front and rear cameras. The drawings are world-stabilized by vision-gyroscope sensor fusion, and the users can draw even larger than the field-of-view by moving the device itself. Chili is a step forward to unleash the utility of mobile video calls, which has kept to just facing each other so far.
L1 and L2 vocabulary glosses in L2 reading passages: Their effectiveness for increasing comprehension and vocabulary knowledge

This study investigated the effect of vocabulary glossing on recall and vocabulary learning, as well as learners’ preferences as to glossing. Eighty-five native speakers of English studying Spanish at the university level participated. Participants read a Spanish text under one of three treatment conditions: no gloss, English glosses, or Spanish glosses. They then were asked to write what they recalled of the passage, translate a list of the glossed vocabulary, and complete a questionnaire. The translation task was repeated four weeks later. Results showed that glossing did not significantly affect recall for the participants overall, but that those with higher than average proficiency recalled more if they had read a glossed version of the text. Those who had glosses outperformed their peers on the translation task administered immediately after they had read the text. However, this difference disappeared on the retest. Participants expressed preference for glosses, wished that they be located in the margin, and favoured Spanish glosses if they were comprehensible.
Examining the roles of job involvement and work centrality in predicting organizational citizenship behaviors and job performance

A recent meta-analysis by Brown (1996) concluded that job involvement was unrelated to job performance. The present investigation proposed that the null findings reported in this meta-analysis stem from the choice of performance criteria and the use of job involvement measures that are confounded with work centrality in the primary studies included in the meta-analysis. The current study found that job involvement, when assessed with a recently published measure (Paullay et al., 1994), is a significant predictor of supervisor ratings of organizational citizenship behaviors (OCB) and in-role performance, controlling for work centrality and other individual difference variables. Consistent with recent findings, there is evidence that sex moderates some of the job involvement and OCB relationships, with females having a stronger, positive relationship between these constructs than males. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Challenging the Assumption of Fusion in Female Same-Sex Relationships

In psychotherapeutic and lesbian popular culture literatures, there is an assumption that female same-sex couples are overly close and lack boundaries, a concept called “fusion. ” Empirical efforts have yet to demonstrate whether fusion is experienced more often among women in same-sex relationships than among men in same-sex relationships or among men and women in heterosexual relationships. Furthermore, research on the topic has yet to fully incorporate feminist perspectives that challenge assumptions that high levels of closeness in and of themselves are problematic. Our study employed measures of Inclusion of Other in Self (Aron, Aron, & Smollan, 1992) to examine the distribution of indicators of fusion among 76 women and 58 men in same-sex relationships and 1,221 women and 285 men in heterosexual relationships. Women in same-sex couples differed from the other groups on only one indicator of fusion—they were more likely to desire less closeness in their relationships, even though their current relationships were rated as close as other types of relationships. Our study suggests that widely held assumptions that women in same-sex couples experience and idealize pathologically high closeness are not accurate.
Engineering of a functional bone organ through endochondral ossification

Embryonic development, lengthening, and repair of most bones proceed by endochondral ossification, namely through formation of a cartilage intermediate. It was previously demonstrated that adult human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (hMSCs) can execute an endochondral program and ectopically generate mature bone. Here we hypothesized that hMSCs pushed through endochondral ossification can engineer a scaled-up ossicle with features of a “bone organ,” including physiologically remodeled bone, mature vasculature, and a fully functional hematopoietic compartment. Engineered hypertrophic cartilage required IL-1β to be efficiently remodeled into bone and bone marrow upon subcutaneous implantation. This model allowed distinguishing, by analogy with bone development and repair, an outer, cortical-like perichondral bone, generated mainly by host cells and laid over a premineralized area, and an inner, trabecular-like, endochondral bone, generated mainly by the human cells and formed over the cartilaginous template. Hypertrophic cartilage remodeling was paralleled by ingrowth of blood vessels, displaying sinusoid-like structures and stabilized by pericytic cells. Marrow cavities of the ossicles contained phenotypically defined hematopoietic stem cells and progenitor cells at similar frequencies as native bones, and marrow from ossicles reconstituted multilineage long-term hematopoiesis in lethally irradiated mice. This study, by invoking a “developmental engineering” paradigm, reports the generation by appropriately instructed hMSC of an ectopic “bone organ” with a size, structure, and functionality comparable to native bones. The work thus provides a model useful for fundamental and translational studies of bone morphogenesis and regeneration, as well as for the controlled manipulation of hematopoietic stem cell niches in physiology and pathology.
Liver transplantation in children with sickle‐cell disease

Severe liver disease is an unusual but potentially fatal complication of sickle‐cell disease (SCD). Liver transplantation has been complicated by ongoing SCD and thrombosis. We reviewed 214 pediatric transplants done at our institution from 1990 to 2005. Three patients were transplanted for complications of SCD, including intrahepatic cholestasis and viral hepatitis. Overall patient and graft survival was 66%. One patient died after 6 years from a subdural hematoma. There were not any incidences of graft loss, primary nonfunction, or thrombosis. All 3 patients required between 1 and 4 postoperative transfusions to keep hemoglobin (Hgb) >9 g/dL with an S fraction of less than 25%. One patient required a preoperative transfusion for a hemoglobin S (HbS) fraction of 30%. Mean follow‐up has been 4.2 years (range, 2.6–5.4 years). All 3 children continued to suffer sequelae from their SCD. One child suffered from recurrent sickle‐cell hepatopathy and chronic graft failure. In conclusion, children with SCD can in rare instances develop acute and chronic liver failure. These children can be successfully transplanted with good outcomes. Careful attention must be paid to HbS fraction and hemoglobin level to prevent sickling and vascular thrombosis. Unfortunately, liver transplant cannot alter the natural course of the disease. Liver Transpl 13:505–508, 2007. © 2007 AASLD.
Classroom assessment and education: Challenging the assumptions of socialisation and instrumentality

The opportunity offered by the Umea Symposium to probe the intersection of quality and assessment immediately brings into focus a wider issue – that of the quality of education which assessment aspires to support. Prompted by recent research into formative assessment in Scottish primary school contexts, the paper explores how formative assessment has become associated with an overly benign understanding of learning which misrecognises the possibility of undesirable learning and does not seem to address the inherently political nature of education. Having illuminated the potential inequities of formative assessment practices, the paper then asks what role formative assessment might play to support an understanding of education that is not simply about the transmission of traditional social norms, but also aspires to illuminate their social construction and their political nature.
The 30-Sec Sale: Using Thin-Slice Judgments to Evaluate Sales Effectiveness

A successful sale depends on a customer's perception of the salesperson's personality, motivations, trustworthiness, and affect. Person perception research has shown that consistent and accurate assessments of these traits can be made based on very brief observations, or “thin slices. ” Thus, examining impressions based on thin slices offers an effective approach to study how perceptions of salespeople translate into real-world results, such as sales performance and customer satisfaction. The literature on the accuracy of thin-slice judgments is briefly reviewed. Then, 2 studies are presented that investigated the predictive validity of judgments of salespeople based on thin slices of the vocal channel. Participants rated 20-sec audio clips extracted from interviews with a sample of sales managers, on variables gauging interpersonal skills, task-related skills, and anxiety. Results supported the hypothesis that observability of the rated variable is a key determinant in the criterion validity of thin-slice judgments. Implications for the use of thin-slice judgments in salesperson selection and customer satisfaction are discussed.
Red States, Blue States, and Brain States

Advances in neuroscience are beginning to shape law and public policy, giving rise to the field of “neurolaw. ” The impact of neuroscientific evidence on how laws are written and interpreted in practice will depend in part on how neurolaw is understood by the public. Drawing on a nationally representative telephone survey experiment, this article presents the first evidence on public approval of neurolaw. We find that the public is generally neutral in its support for neuroscience-based legal reforms. However, how neurolaw is framed affects support based on partisanship: Republicans’ approval of neurolaw decreases when neuroscience is seen as primarily serving to reduce offender culpability, whereas Democrats’ approval is unaffected by how neurolaw is framed. These results suggest that both framing and partisanship may shape the future of neuroscience-based reforms in law and policy.
Acid-sensing Ion Channels in Sensory Perception*

Acid-activated currents blocked by amiloride have been reported for a long time in most neurons of the mammalian brain as well as in sensory neurons (1). A decade ago, Waldmann and colleagues (2) were the first to clone the ion channels underlying these currents, which have been called acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs). 2 ASICs are neuronal voltage-insensitive cationic channels activated by extracellular protons. They belong to the ENaC/DEG (epithelial amiloride-sensitive Na channel and degenerin) family of ion channels (3). ASICs share the same overall structure with other members of this family, which is characterized by two hydrophobic transmembrane regions flanking a large extracellular domain representingmore than 50% of the protein and comprising many conserved cysteines (Fig. 1). Functional ASICs probably assemble as tetramers, as proposed for two other channels of the ENaC/DEG family, i.e. ENaC and FaNaC (the invertebrate FMRF-amideactivated Na channel). The ASIC family in mammals (ASICs have also been cloned from toadfish, lamprey, shark, and zebrafish) comprises four different genes encoding seven isoforms (4, 5) (Fig. 1). ASICs are widely expressed in neurons of both the central and the peripheral nervous system but have also been detected in non-neuronal tissues including testis (human ASIC3), pituitary gland (ASIC4), lung epithelial cells (ASIC3), and bone (ASIC1–3) (Table 1).
Rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts constitutively express the fibrinolytic pattern of invasive tumor-like cells.

OBJECTIVE In rheumatoid arthritis (RA) the synovial membrane proliferates and invades the underlying tissues. The cell-associated fibrinolytic system (urokinase-type plasminogen activator, uPA; uPA receptor, uPAR; plasminogen activator inhibitor-type 1, PAI-1) is pivotal in cell invasion and proliferation. For this reason, the expression and the role of such enzymatic system was investigated in synovial fibroblasts (SF) of normal and RA patients. METHODS In SF obtained from RA patients and control subjects, uPA, uPAR and PAI-1 were measured by ELISA of cell lysates and culture medium and by RT-PCR of mRNAs. uPA was also studied by zymography. Proliferation was measured by cell counting and cell invasion with the Boyden chamber. RESULTS RA-SF over-express uPAR and PAI-1 and are more prone than the normal counterpart to spontaneous and uPA-challenged invasion and proliferation, which are counteracted by antagonists of the fibrinolytic system. CONCLUSIONS RA-SF display the fibrinolytic pattern and behaviour of invasive tumor-like cells. Antagonists of the fibrinolytic system are able to revert growth and invasion of both normal and RA-SF.