Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Improved Co-Similarity Measure for Document Clustering

Co-clustering has been defined as a way to organize simultaneously subsets of instances and subsets of features in order to improve the clustering of both of them. In previous work, we proposed an efficient co-similarity measure allowing to simultaneously compute two similarity matrices between objects and features, each built on the basis of the other. Here we propose a generalization of this approach by introducing a notion of pseudo-norm and a pruning algorithm. Our experiments show that this new algorithm significantly improves the accuracy of the results when using either supervised or unsupervised feature selection data and that it outperforms other algorithms on various corpora.
Conceptions of Depression of Muslim Clergy in a Faith-based Organization in South Africa

The biomedical model categorizes certain features of suffering and distress as depression. These same features may receive different conceptualizations within different cultural or religious systems. Islamic approaches to conceptualizing the features of distress, and providing care for persons who display these features may be overlayed on, merged with, or even distinguished from the dominant biomedical model. Clergy play roles as informal mental health helpers, particularly for religious persons. They may also serve as gatekeepers or conduits for facilitating referrals to formal healthcare practitioners. Five clerics at a faithbased organization that serves two small Muslim communities in South Africa were interviewed about their conceptions of suffering that the biomedical model labels as depression. Rooted in their local cultural perspectives, community involvement, religious practice, and helpgiving to Muslim persons, social constructionist thematic analysis of interviews with them revealed a nomenclature that contained three main frameworks: (1) depression as a ‘real’ illness, (2) depression as spiritual destiny, and (3) depression as unallowable sadness. The biomedical view informed their conception of depression as a ‘real’ illness, and this idea served as the central framework onto which the other two conceptions were hinged. Clergy legitimized certain features of depression as a ‘real’ illness but indicated that religious illness beliefs cannot be bracketed when serving Muslim individuals. The implication of the study is that mental health practitioners, trained in biomedical ideas, cannot assume that the term ‘depression’ is understood in the same way within different contexts. Clergy can educate health practitioners about these conceptions to improve caregiving and adherence to biomedical interventions. 78 Prevan Moodley, Noorjehan Joosub, and Raeesah Khotu
MOLECULAR AND ATOMIC GAS IN THE LARGE MAGELLANIC CLOUD. II. THREE-DIMENSIONAL CORRELATION BETWEEN CO AND H i

We compare the CO (J = 1–0) and H i emission in the Large Magellanic Cloud in three dimensions, i.e., including a velocity axis in addition to the two spatial axes, with the aim of elucidating the physical connection between giant molecular clouds (GMCs) and their surrounding H i gas. The CO J = 1–0 data set is from the second NANTEN CO survey and the H i data set is from the merged Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) and Parkes Telescope surveys. The major findings of our analysis are as follows: (1) GMCs are associated with an envelope of H i emission, (2) in GMCs [average CO intensity] ∝ [average H i intensity]1.1±0.1, and (3) the H i intensity tends to increase with the star formation activity within GMCs, from Type I to Type III. An analysis of the H i envelopes associated with GMCs shows that their average line width is 14 km s−1 and the mean density in the envelope is 10 cm−3. We argue that the H i envelopes are gravitationally bound by GMCs. These findings are consistent with a continual increase in the mass of GMCs via H i accretion at an accretion rate of 0.05 M☉ yr−1 over a timescale of 10 Myr. The growth of GMCs is terminated via dissipative ionization and/or stellar-wind disruption in the final stage of GMC evolution.
Late Pleistocene plant macrofossils from the Thimi Formation (Madhyapur Thimi section) of the Kathmandu Valley, central Nepal

The Late Pleistocene plant macrofossils from the Thimi Formation of the Kathmandu Valley have been reported in this paper. On the basis of 71 taxa from 39 families, seven plant macrofossil assemblages T-1 to T-7 were described from 18.5 m thick section of the Thimi Formation exposed at Madhyapur Thimi, Bhaktapur. Pinus, Abies, Tsuga, Carpinus, Sambucus, Rubus, Eurya, Potentilla and Scirpus are the common elements in the Thimi Formation. It is found that the cool temperate elements (Abies, Pinus, Tsuga, Picea, Taxus) were dominated over warm climatic elements (Quercus, Eurya, Pyracantha, etc.) during the deposition of the Thimi Formation. The underlying Gokarna Formation exhibited subtropical to warm temperate vegetation with the dominance of subtropical elements such as Eurya, Ficus, Zizyphus, etc. over temperate elements like Betula, Tsuga and Abies. During the depositional period of the Thimi Formation, this subtropical to warm temperate type of vegetation shifted to warm to cold temperate type with the abundant presence of gymnosperms and other evergreen taxa.
Baseline MRI Predictors of Conversion from MCI to Probable AD in the ADNI Cohort

The Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) is a multi-center study assessing neuroimaging in diagnosis and longitudinal monitoring. Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) often represents a prodromal form of dementia, conferring a 10-15% annual risk of converting to probable AD. We analyzed baseline 1.5T MRI scans in 693 participants from the ADNI cohort divided into four groups by baseline diagnosis and one year MCI to probable AD conversion status to identify neuroimaging phenotypes associated with MCI and AD and potential predictive markers of imminent conversion. MP-RAGE scans were analyzed using publicly available voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and automated parcellation methods. Measures included global and hippocampal grey matter (GM) density, hippocampal and amygdalar volumes, and cortical thickness values from entorhinal cortex and other temporal and parietal lobe regions. The overall pattern of structural MRI changes in MCI (n=339) and AD (n=148) compared to healthy controls (HC, n=206) was similar to prior findings in smaller samples. MCI-Converters (n=62) demonstrated a very similar pattern of atrophic changes to the AD group up to a year before meeting clinical criteria for AD. Finally, a comparison of effect sizes for contrasts between the MCI-Converters and MCI-Stable (n=277) groups on MRI metrics indicated that degree of neurodegeneration of medial temporal structures was the best antecedent MRI marker of imminent conversion, with decreased hippocampal volume (left > right) being the most robust. Validation of imaging biomarkers is important as they can help enrich clinical trials of disease modifying agents by identifying individuals at highest risk for progression to AD.
Patent Trolls on Markets for Technology - An Empirical Analysis of Trolls' Patent Acquisitions

Patent trolls, or NPEs, appropriate profits from innovation solely by enforcing patents against infringers. They are often characterized as relying on low-quality patents, an assessment that, if correct, would imply that eradicating such patents would effectively terminate the NPE business. In this paper, we shed light on this issue by empirically analyzing NPEs’ patent acquisitions. We draw on a unique dataset of 392 U.S. patents acquired by known NPEs between 1997 and 2006, which we compare to three control groups of 784 U.S. patents each acquired by practicing firms. We find that the probability that a traded patent is acquired by an NPE rather than a practicing entity increases in the scope of the patent, in the patent density of its technology field and, contrary to common belief, in the patent's technological quality. Our findings thus support recent theoretical propositions about the NPE business model, showing that NPEs procure patents that are more likely to be infringed, harder to substitute for, and robust to legal challenges. The fact that NPE-acquired patents are of significantly higher quality than those in the control group implies that elevating minimum patent quality will not put an end to the NPE business, and suggests that this business is sustainable in the long run. We furthermore discuss the fact that NPEs are peculiar players on markets for technology insofar as they are solely interested in the exclusion right, not in the underlying knowledge. We posit that transactions involving NPEs may only be the tip of the iceberg of “patent-only” transactions, a conjecture with strong implications for the efficiency and the study of markets for technologies. Managerial and policy implications are discussed.
On the impact of uTP on BitTorrent completion time

BitTorrent, one of the most widespread file sharing P2P applications, recently introduced uTP, an application-level congestion control protocol which aims to efficiently use the available link capacity, while avoiding to interfere with the rest of user traffic (e.g., Web, VoIP and gaming) sharing the same access bottleneck. Research on uTP has so far focused on the investigation of the congestion control behavior on rather simple settings (i.e., single bottleneck, few backlogged flows, etc.), that are fairly far from the P2P settings in which the protocol is deployed. Moreover, prior work typically addressed questions, such as fairness and efficiency, that are natural from a congestion control context perspective, but are not directly related with the performance of the overall P2P system. In this work, we refine the understanding of uTP, by gauging its impact on the primary BitTorrent user-centric metric, namely the torrent download time, by means of packet level simulation. Results of our initial investigations show that: (i) in case uTP clients fully substitute TCP clients, no performance difference arise; (ii) in case of heterogeneous swarms, comprising peers using uTP and TCP congestion control, completion time of uTP peers can possibly benefit of lower uplink queuing delays, as signaling traffic (e.g., chunk requests) are not slowed down by long waits in the ADSL buffers.
A structured approach to train text messaging in an individual with aphasia

ABSTRACT Background: Text messaging is an increasingly common communication modality that can present considerable challenges to individuals with aphasia. Not only does “texting” rely on central (linguistic) and peripheral (sensorimotor) abilities but also it requires unique procedural and pragmatic skills. Aim: The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate a structured treatment protocol to promote mastery of communication via text messaging in an individual with aphasia. Methods & Procedures: This treatment is studied with a 73-year-old woman with anomic aphasia and mild limb apraxia targeted procedural and pragmatic skills for mobile phone use. Beginning 3 years post-stroke, she received a three-phase training sequence that first addressed single-word typing on her mobile phone, followed by script training for text messages, and finally conversational skills for initiating and responding to text messages. Outcomes & Results: Despite some residual language and visual processing impairments, the participant developed functional text messaging abilities at the word, script, and conversational levels. She demonstrated generalization of skills to novel content and situations, and maintained her text-messaging abilities 1 year post-treatment. Conclusions: The treatment protocol to retrain text messaging skills in an individual with aphasia yielded strong positive outcomes, warranting further examination in other suitable individuals.
Managing Open Innovation

Tato diplomova prace je zaměřena na uplatněni otevřených inovaci v sektoru profesnich služeb. Teoreticka cast se zaměřuje na představovani paradigmatu otevřených inovaci spolu s problemy a nedostatky, jejim uplatněnim v odvětvi služeb. Teoreticka cast take obsahuje popis soucasneho stavu otevřene inovace v sektoru profesnich služeb. Prakticka cast prace je věnovana analýze soucasných inovacnich postupů v spolecnosti zabývajici se profesnimi službami a navrhovanim napravných opatřenich založených na nejlepsich postupech v otevřených inovacich. Dale se v praci věnuji souboru obecných otevřených inovacnich modelů pro sektor profesnich služeb, který jsem vyvinul a ověřil.
Characteristics of Nurse Manager’s Recognition Behavior and its Relation to Sense of Coherence of Registered Nurses

Background: The recognition behavior firmly impacts the job and an enormously essential factor for the restraint of burnout and the advancement of maintenance. Moreover, among inner factors that may influence workers’ emotional well-being, sense of coherence (SOC) is an essential impression from the perspective of the salutogenic hypothesis and stress recognition style. Objectives: To determine the Characteristics of the Nurse Manager's Recognition Behavior and its Relation to Sense of Coherence of Registered Nurses. Methodology: The study design is quantitative cross-sectional study The questioner of Characteristics of Nurse Manager’s Recognition Behavior and its Relation to Sense of Coherence of Registered Nurses was adopted from the article of Miyata, Chiharu (Miyata et al., 2014). This is based on 7-point Likert scale. The data was collected from 211 nurses of Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. Conclusion: This examination uncovered that recognition behavior of nurse managers were successful in enhancing the SOC of registered nurses. Hence, recognition behavior of managers is a practical advance towards enhancing nurses' capacity to adapt to pressure and, thusly, encourage self-acknowledgment. The capacity to adapt to pressure can be helped by managers who can utilize proper acknowledgment conduct, as requested for by registered nurses. This objective can be proficient by considering singular staff individuals, profession advancement as a pro and checking on nurse manager's responsibilities. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 5, Issue-3: 146-154
Selection Does Not Favor Larger Body Size at Lower Temperature in a Seed-Feeding Beetle

Abstract Body size of many animals increases with increasing latitude, a phenomenon known as Bergmann's rule (Bergmann clines). Latitudinal gradients in mean temperature are frequently assumed to be the underlying cause of this pattern because temperature covaries systematically with latitude, but whether and how temperature mediates selection on body size is unclear. To test the hypothesis that the “relative” advantage of being larger is greatest at cooler temperatures we compare the fitness of replicate lines of the seed beetle, Stator limbatus, for which body size was manipulated via artificial selection (“Large,”“Control,” and “Small” lines), when raised at low (22°C) and high (34°C) temperatures. Large-bodied beetles (Large lines) took the longest to develop but had the highest lifetime fecundity, and highest fitness (rC), at both low and high temperatures. However, the relative difference between the Large and Small lines did not change with temperature (replicate 2) or was greatest at high temperature (replicate 1), contrary to the prediction that the fitness advantage of being large relative to being small will decline with increasing temperature. Our results are consistent with two previous studies of this seed beetle, but inconsistent with prior studies that suggest that temperature-mediated selection on body size is a major contributor to the production of Bergmann clines. We conclude that other environmental and ecological variables that covary with latitude are more likely to produce the gradient in natural selection responsible for generating Bergmann clines.
PLANETARY NEBULAE IN FACE-ON SPIRAL GALAXIES. II. PLANETARY NEBULA SPECTROSCOPY

As the second step in our investigation of the mass-to-light ratio of spiral disks, we present the results of a spectroscopic survey of planetary nebulae (PNe) in five nearby, low-inclination galaxies: IC 342, M74 (NGC 628), M83 (NGC 5236), M94 (NGC 4736), and M101 (NGC 5457). Using 50 setups of the WIYN/Hydra and Blanco/Hydra spectrographs, and 25 observations with the Hobby–Eberly Telescope's Medium Resolution Spectrograph, we determine the radial velocities of 99, 102, 162, 127, and 48 PNe, respectively, to a precision better than 15 km s−1. Although the main purpose of this data set is to facilitate dynamical mass measurements throughout the inner and outer disks of large spiral galaxies, our spectroscopy has other uses as well. Here, we co-add these spectra to show that, to first order, the [O iii] and Balmer line ratios of PNe vary little over the top ∼1.5 mag of the PN luminosity function. The only obvious spectral change occurs with [N ii], which increases in strength as one proceeds down the luminosity function. We also show that typical [O iii]-bright planetaries have E(B − V) ∼ 0.2 of circumstellar extinction, and that this value is virtually independent of [O iii] luminosity. We discuss the implications this has for understanding the population of PN progenitors.
Weights of Markov traces on Hecke algebras

Abstract We compute the weights, i.e. the values at the minimal idempotents, for the Markov trace on the Hecke algebra of type Bn and type Dn. In order to prove the weight formula, we define representations of the Hecke algebra of type B onto a reduced Hecke algebra of type A. To compute the weights for type D we use the inclusion of the Hecke algebra of type D into the Hecke algebra of type B.
On the use of Time Reversal for digital communications with non-impulsive waveforms

This article analyzes a comparison of a generic digital communication and a Time Reversal communication systems. The principles and properties of Time Reversal are presented for non-impulsive waveforms. The metrics used to characterize time focusing and the measures used for the simulations are outlined. These measures are used to illustrate how the proposed metrics vary as a function of the bandwidth of the signal and the bandwidth of the channel. Bit Error Rate performances are finally presented to corroborate the results of the studies.
Classification of phases in human motions by neural networks and hidden Markov models

A proper modeling of human motions plays a crucial rule for many motion processing tasks. In particular, models for the automatic classification of elementary motion phases are highly important for the interaction between man and machine. In this work, we present different approaches for this modeling task based on neural networks and hidden Markov models. Both approaches yield reliable classification results. We show that even simple instances of the models work well if proper motion features are determined. A comparison of the different approaches shows the reasons for this behavior and leads to essential consequences for further modeling approaches
Extremal Graph Problems , Degenerate Extremal Problems , and Supersaturated Graphs

Notation. Given a graph, hypergraph Gn, . , the upper index always denotes the number of vertices, e(G), v(G) and χ(G) denote the number of edges, vertices and the chromatic number of G respectively. Given a family L of graphs, hypergraphs, ex(n,L) denotes the maximum number of edges (hyperedges) a graph (hypergraph) Gn of order n can have without containing subgraphs (subhypergraphs) from L. The problem of determining ex(n,L) is called a Turán-type extremal problem. The graphs attaining the maximum will be called extremal and their family will be denoted by EX(n,L).
Motivational resources, personal characteristics, and grades : an investigation into academic achievement in the UAE

According to Hattie (2003), student differences account for approximately 50 per cent of the variance in academic achievement. In the current study, ‘student differences’ was disaggregated and two broad categories of predictors, personal characteristics and motivational resources, were formed to investigate academic performance in an EFL preparatory program at a tertiary level institution in the UAE (United Arab Emirates). The category of personal characteristics consisted of SES and gender; the category of motivational resources consisted of psychological variables drawn from Self-Determination Theory (SDT; Deci & Ryan, 1985, 2000). Two studies with two separate cohorts were conducted. In study 1 (N=166), participants had achieved an overall English language proficiency of Band 5 in the IELTS exam, but had failed to gain a minimum score of Band 5 in one of the sub-skills (Reading, Writing, Listening, or Speaking) that compose the overall IELTS score. In study 2 (N=80), participants had failed to achieve the minimum required overall score of Band 5. Participants in study 2 were examined twice: once at the start and once at the end of term. Results indicated that the correlations between motivational constructs in both studies were consistent with the relevant literature. However, in correlation and regression analyses, the direction of the relationships between SES and grades, and between autonomous motives and grades, were contrary to expectations. Recommendations for practice and potential research agendas are discussed.
Loss of Pgc-1α Expression in Aging Mouse Muscle Potentiates Glucose Intolerance and 1 Systemic Inflammation 2 3 Divs. of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease And

Loss of Pgc-1α expression in aging mouse muscle potentiates glucose intolerance and 1 systemic inflammation 2 3 Sarah Sczelecki, Aurèle Besse-Patin, Alexandra Abboud, Sandra Kleiner, Dina Laznik4 Bogoslavski, Christiane D. Wrann, Jorge L. Ruas, Benjamin Haibe-Kains, Jennifer L. 5 Estall*. 6 7 Divs. of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disease and Systems Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, 8 Institut de recherches cliniques de Montréal (IRCM), Montreal, Canada. 9 Department of Experimental Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada. 10 Faculty of Medicine, University of Montréal, Montréal, Canada. 11 Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, USA. 12 Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 13 14 *Correspondence: Jennifer L. Estall, IRCM, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montreal, Quebec, 15 H2W 1R7 Phone: 514 987 5688, Fax: 514 987 5745, 16 Email: jennifer.estall@ircm.qc. ca 17 18 Running head: Muscle PGC-1 impacts age-related metabolic disease 19 20 Word Count Abstract: 237 21 Figures: 7, Tables: 1, Suppl. Tables: 1, Suppl. Files: 4 22 23 Articles in PresS. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab (November 26, 2013). doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00578. 2013
Dominating Sets and Domination Polynomials of Paths

Let G V, E be a simple graph. A set S ⊆ V is a dominating set of G, if every vertex in V \S is adjacent to at least one vertex in S. Let Pi n be the family of all dominating sets of a path Pn with cardinality i, and let d Pn, j |P n|. In this paper, we construct Pi n, and obtain a recursive formula for d Pn, i . Using this recursive formula, we consider the polynomialD Pn, x ∑n i n/3 d Pn, i x , which we call domination polynomial of paths and obtain some properties of this polynomial.