Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Organization of the core structure of the postsynaptic density

EDITORIAL EXPRESSION OF CONCERN. PNAS is publishing an Editorial Expression of Concern regarding the following three articles: (i) PHYSIOLOGY. ‘‘NCX-1000, a NO-releasing derivative of ursodeoxycholic acid, selectively delivers NO to the liver and protects against development of portal hypertension,’’ by Stefano Fiorucci, Elisabetta Antonelli, Olivia Morelli, Andrea Mencarelli, Alessandro Casini, Tommaso Mello, Barbara Palazzetti, Dominique Tallet, Piero del Soldato, and Antonio Morelli, which appeared in issue 15, July 17, 2001, of Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (98:8897–8902; first published July 10, 2001; 10.1073 pnas.151136298); (ii) PHARMACOLOGY. ‘‘NCX-1015, a nitric-oxide derivative of prednisolone, enhances regulatory T cells in the lamina propria and protects against 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid-induced colitis in mice,’’ by Stefano Fiorucci, Elisabetta Antonelli, Eleonora Distrutti, Piero Del Soldato, Roderick J. Flower, Mark J. Paul Clark, Antonio Morelli, Mauro Perretti, and Louis J. Ignarro, which appeared in issue 24, November 26, 2002, of Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (99:15770–15775; first published November 11, 2002; 10.1073 pnas.232583599); and (iii) MEDICAL SCIENCES. ‘‘A -oxidation-resistant lipoxin A4 analog treats hapten-induced colitis by attenuating inflammation and immune dysfunction,’’ by Stefano Fiorucci, John L. Wallace, Andrea Mencarelli, Eleonora Distrutti, Giovanni Rizzo, Silvana Farneti, Antonio Morelli, Jih-Lie Tseng, Babu Suramanyam, William J. Guilford, and John F. Parkinson, which appeared in issue 44, November 2, 2004, of Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (101:15736–15741; first published October 25, 2004; 10.1073 pnas.0404722101). The editors wish to note that a reader has raised questions about the apparent duplication in the use of certain figures in the foregoing articles. We have been informed by the University of Perugia, Italy, of an ongoing review conducted by an inquiry committee at the university. We are awaiting the findings of the committee to determine the appropriate next steps.
An Architecture for and Fast and General Data Processing on Large Clusters

Today, a myriad data sources, from the Internet to business operations to scientific instruments, produce large and valuable data streams. However, the processing capabilities of single machines have not kept up with the size of data. As a result, organizations increasingly need to scale out these computations to clusters of hundreds of machines. At the same time, the speed and sophistication required of data processing have grown. In addition to simple queries, complex algorithms like machine learning and graph analysis are becoming common. And in addition to batch processing, streaming analysis of real-time data is required to let organizations take timely action. Future computing platforms will need to not only scale out traditional workloads, but support these new applications too. This book, a revised version of the 2014 ACM Dissertation Award winning dissertation, proposes an architecture for cluster computing systems that can tackle emerging data processing workloads at scale. Whereas early cluster computing systems, like MapReduce, handled batch processing, our architecture also enables streaming and interactive queries, while keeping MapReduce's scalability and fault tolerance. And whereas most deployed systems only support simple one-pass computations (e.g., SQL queries), ours also extends to the multi-pass algorithms required for complex analytics like machine learning. Finally, unlike the specialized systems proposed for some of these workloads, our architecture allows these computations to be combined, enabling rich new applications that intermix, for example, streaming and batch processing. We achieve these results through a simple extension to MapReduce that adds primitives for data sharing, called Resilient Distributed Datasets (RDDs). We show that this is enough to capture a wide range of workloads. We implement RDDs in the open source Spark system, which we evaluate using synthetic and real workloads. Spark matches or exceeds the performance of specialized systems in many domains, while offering stronger fault tolerance properties and allowing these workloads to be combined. Finally, we examine the generality of RDDs from both a theoretical modeling perspective and a systems perspective. This version of the dissertation makes corrections throughout the text and adds a new section on the evolution of Apache Spark in industry since 2014. In addition, editing, formatting, drawing of illustrations, and links for the references have been added.
Exploring the needs of diverse consumers experiencing mental illness and their families through family psychoeducation

Abstract Background: Family psychoeducation (FPE), an intervention for those experiencing serious mental illness and their families, aims to improve communication and build problem-solving skills. Limited research exists on carers’ and consumers’ needs who engage in FPE, or FPE’s impact on needs. Aims: This study aimed to describe the needs of consumers with mental illness and their carers, who participated in behavioural family therapy (BFT), a type of FPE, and evaluate changes to needs. Method: Qualitative responses to the Carers’ and Users’ Expectations of Services questionnaires were analysed to describe consumers’ and carers’ needs. Participants’ quantitative responses were analysed using descriptive statistics, to evaluate changes in needs post-programme. Results: Participants’ needs included information on mental illness and improved relationships. Post-programme, the percentage of consumers’ satisfied with their lives increased, while the percentage of carers’ reporting a need for more assistance decreased. Conclusions: Further development of BFT programmes in clinical and non-clinical services is warranted to address the needs of diverse consumers and carers living in the community.
Collegiate Athletes' Perceptions of the Coaching Profession

In this study, we examined college athletes' interest in and perceptions of the coaching profession. A total of 201 U.S. Division I athletes (100 males, 101 females; 119 White, 81 minority, 1 race unknown) completed measures of a) their intention of entering the coaching profession, b) reasons they would want to enter the coaching profession, c) perceived barriers that would prohibit them from considering the coaching profession, and d) their perception of discrimination in the coaching profession. Results indicated that men were more likely than women to intend to enter coaching at the Division I and professional levels. Gender and racial differences were found in reasons for entering the coaching profession and barriers that prohibit athletes from entering the profession. Women were more likely than men to agree that male and female coaches were treated differently and minority athletes were more likely than White athletes to agree that coaches are treated differently in sport based on their race/ethnicity These results may partly explain the lack of women and minority coaches.
Clinical and Functional Predictors of Health-Related Quality of Life During Cardiac Rehabilitation

PURPOSE This is a retrospective and descriptive analysis of demographic and clinical factors common among cardiac rehabilitation patients with high versus low perceptions of health-related quality of life(HRQOL). In addition, we describe the characteristics that are predictive of greater improvements in HRQOL during cardiac rehabilitation. METHODS We included 970 patients (63.6 10.6 years; 71% male patients) referred to a 12-week program between 1996 and 2006 who all completed a HRQOL questionnaire at baseline and program completion.Patients were divided into 4 quartiles based on HRQOL scores at program entry. The Kruskall-Wallis test and χ² analyses determined differences between quartiles for continuous and categorical variables,respectively. In addition, regression models predicted changes in HRQOL during the course of the cardiac rehabilitation program. RESULTS At program entry, quartile differences were found for diagnosis (P = .04), number of risk factors (P < .01), self-efficacy (P < .001), and caloric expenditure (P = .05). Significant predictors of change included baseline HRQOL sores, flexibility, and left ventricular ejection fraction (R² = 0.50; P = .001). CONCLUSIONS The factors found that related to baseline HRQOL and were predictive of the change in HRQOL were primarily clinical and functional in nature. This suggests that those who have greater physical functionality, the confidence to perform physical tasks, and are not limited clinically, may more readily adapt to cardiac rehabilitation and progress more rapidly. Those patients with the poorest exercise capacities at entrance to the program tended to make the greatest gains in HRQOL.
Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato DNA by PCR in serum of patients with clinical symptoms of Lyme borreliosis.

Lyme borreliosis is a disease caused by spirochaetes belonging to the genospecies complex Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato (s.l.) transmitted by Ixodes ticks. At present, serology remains the main diagnostic tool for laboratory diagnosis of Lyme borreliosis. Recently, the PCR technique has been applied for diagnosis of B. burgdorferi s.l. , but, until now, a reliable, easy-to-perform and sensitive method has not been described. Here we present a new PCR-based method for the detection of both B. burgdorferi s.l. and Borrelia genospecies DNAs in serum samples collected from patients showing Lyme disease symptoms. Of 265 serum samples of patients included in this study, 7.5% were positive, 1.9% was borderline and 90.6% were negative for antibodies against B. burgdorferi by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting. The B. burgdorferi s.l. 16S rRNA gene was detected by PCR in all serum-positive and in two borderline samples. None of the serum-negative samples nor serum samples collected from healthy subjects gave positive PCR reactions. Of PCR-positive serum samples, 50% gave a positive reaction for Borrelia afzelii, 18% for Borrelia garinii and 23% for two Borrelia species. Two samples (9%) were not identified to species level. The new protocol could be considered to be reliable as neither false-positive nor false-negative reactions were recorded, and to be sensitive as it detects DNA from one bacterial cell.
Listen to My Body: Does Making Friends Help Influence People?

We investigate the effect of relational dialogue on creating rapport and exerting social influence in human-robot conversation, by comparing interactions with and without a relational component, and with different agent types. Human participants interact with two agents – a Nao robot and a virtual human – in four dialogue scenarios: one involving building familiarity, and three involving sharing information and persuasion in item-ranking tasks. Results show that both agents influence human decision-making; people prefer interacting with the robot, feel higher rapport with the robot, and believe the robot has more influence; and that objective influence of the agent on the person is increased by building familiarity, but is not significantly different between the agents.
Gender Comparisons of Service Use Among Youth With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

The authors compared service-use patterns and factors associated with service use for 279 boys and 119 girls who met the criteria for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as defined in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders—Fourth Edition (DSM-IV). The participants had been identified from a nationally representative sample of Australian youth. Boys and girls with ADHD did not differ in their rates of service use, the types of services they attended (school/education or health-based services), the types of help they received, and the main problems for which they received help, with the exception that boys had higher rates of medication use. However, the factors associated with service use were not uniform across gender. For boys, problems with schoolwork or grades and number of ADHD symptoms were the main predictors of service use,whereas for girls the main predictor was the presence of depressive disorders.These findings suggest there are gender differences in the factors associated with service use among children with ADHD that are likely to have implications for assessment and treatment of the disorder.
A Charging Acceleration Technique for Highly Efficient Cascode Class-E CMOS Power Amplifiers

A cascode configuration in class-E CMOS power amplifiers (PAs) provides high reliability with respect to breakdown considerations. However, it causes a power loss due to the slow transition of a common-gate device from the triode region to the cut-off region. To minimize the power loss of cascode class-E CMOS PAs, we propose a charging acceleration technique, CAT. This method incorporates a capacitive element between the drain and the source of a common-gate device in a cascode configuration, accelerating the charging speed responsible for turning off a common-gate device instantly after a common-source device is turned off and thus minimizing power loss from the device. We compared the performance of the proposed cascode class-E PA to that of the conventional cascode class-E PA using a 0.18- CMOS process. With a 3.3-V power supply, the proposed fully-integrated CMOS PA achieves 30.7 dBm of maximum output power and 45.6% of power-added efficiency (PAE) with a dynamic range of 40 dB at 1.6 GHz. According to measurements, the proposed cascode class-E PA shows improvement in PAE over the conventional class-E PA of between 5% and 9% in a 1.5 to 2.0 GHz range.
Verbal structure and content in written discourse: Expository and narrative texts

This paper forms a bridge between the article on noun phrase patterning by Ravid et al. 2002 and that on passive voice constructions by Jisa et al. 2002. The study reports on a cross-linguistic, developmental study of verbal structures and verb types used in two genres of written discourse: personal narratives and expository texts. The study is aimed at (a) establishing the profile of linguistic features that characterize and differentiate these two genres; (b) identifying the developmental changes beyond middle childhood that lead to the proficient use of a full repertoire of verbal structures in the construction of both types of text; and (c) providing fresh empirical evidence for cross-linguistic similarities and differences in the linguistic devices used for Genre differentiation. The paper begins to address these issues by considering quantitative aspects of Genre differentiation in four age-groups (grade-school children, junior high school, high school, and adults) and in five languages (Dutch, French, Hebrew, Icelandic, and Spanish). We expected narratives and expository texts to be characterized by contrasting distribution of the categories that we analysed — verb tense, aspect, mood, voice, and person — across the age-groups and languages under study. To test this prediction, all verbs in our sample were analysed using common coding procedures in all five languages, followed by a statistical analysis of the frequency distribution of each coded category (as our dependent variables) across Age and Genre in each of the languages.
Monetary Non-Neutrality in a Multi-Sector Menu Cost Model

Empirical evidence suggests that as much as one-third of the U.S. business cycle is due to nominal shocks. We calibrate a multisector menu cost model using new evidence on the cross-sectional distribution of the frequency and size of price changes in the U.S. economy. We augment the model to incorporate intermediate inputs. We show that the introduction of heterogeneity in the frequency of price change triples the degree of monetary non-neutrality generated by the model. We furthermore show that the introduction of intermediate inputs raises the degree of monetary non-neutrality by another factor of three, without adversely affecting the model's ability to match the large average size of price changes. A single-sector model with a frequency of price change equal to the median, rather than the mean, generates monetary non-neutrality similar to that in our multisector model. Our multisector model with intermediate inputs generates variation in real output in response to calibrated aggregate nominal shocks that can account for roughly 23% of the U.S. business cycle.
Incivility Online: Affective and Behavioral Reactions to Uncivil Political Posts in a Web-based Experiment

ABSTRACT With the advances in interpersonal communication of the “Web 2.0” era, questions about the importance of civility are perhaps more important than ever. Mass digital interaction between strangers has become an everyday occurrence, bound by few behavioral norms. I argue that the widespread presence of incivility in online political communication limits the deliberative potential of online interactions. To test this hypothesis, I manipulate exposure to uncivil political discourse in an online discussion forum. I find that exposure to disagreeable uncivil political talk induces feelings of anger and aversion, which in turn reduces satisfaction with the message board discourse. On the other hand, exposure to like-minded incivility increases the use of uncivil behavior in political comments by message board posters. Notably, these effects mainly occur when histrionic, emotional incivility is present. I discuss why like-minded and disagreeable incivility have different effects, and reflect on what the presence of incivility means for online political discourse.
Cardiac Dysfunction and Noncardiac Dysfunction as Precursors of Heart Failure With Reduced and Preserved Ejection Fraction in the Community

Background— Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by signs and symptoms involving multiple organ systems. Longitudinal data demonstrating that asymptomatic cardiac dysfunction precedes overt HF are scarce, and the contribution of noncardiac dysfunction to HF progression is unclear. We hypothesized that subclinical cardiac and noncardiac organ dysfunction would accelerate the manifestation of HF. Methods and Results— We studied 1038 participants of the Framingham Heart Study original cohort (mean age, 76±5 years; 39% men) with routine assessment of left ventricular systolic and diastolic function. Major noncardiac organ systems were assessed with the use of serum creatinine (renal), serum albumin (hepatic), ratio of forced expiratory volume in 1 second to forced vital capacity (FEV1:FVC ratio; pulmonary), hemoglobin concentration (hematologic/oxygen-carrying capacity), and white blood cell count (systemic inflammation). On follow-up (mean, 11 years), there were 248 incident HF events (146 in women). After adjustment for established HF risk factors, antecedent left ventricular systolic dysfunction (hazard ratio, 2.33; 95% confidence interval, 1.43 to 3.78) and diastolic dysfunction (hazard ratio, 1.32; 95% confidence interval, 1.01 to 1.71) were associated with increased HF risk. After adjustment for cardiac dysfunction, higher serum creatinine, lower FEV1:FVC ratios, and lower hemoglobin concentrations were associated with increased HF risk (all P<0.05); serum albumin and white blood cell count were not. Subclinical dysfunction in each noncardiac organ system was associated with a 30% increased risk of HF (P=0.013). Conclusions— Antecedent cardiac dysfunction and noncardiac organ dysfunction are associated with increased incidence of HF, supporting the notion that HF is a progressive syndrome and underscoring the importance of noncardiac factors in its occurrence.
Exhaust emissions from light- and heavy-duty vehicles: chemical composition, impact of exhaust after treatment, and fuel parameters.

This paper presents results from the characterization of vehicle exhaust that were obtained primarily within the Swedish Urban Air Project, "Tätortsprojektet. " Exhaust emissions from both gasoline- and diesel-fueled vehicles have been investigated with respect to regulated pollutants (carbon monoxide [CO], hydrocarbon [HC], nitrogen oxides [NOx], and particulate), unregulated pollutants, and in bioassay tests (Ames test, TCDD receptor affinity tests). Unregulated pollutants present in both the particle- and the semi-volatile phases were characterized. Special interest was focused on the impact of fuel composition on heavy-duty diesel vehicle emissions. It was confirmed that there exists a quantifiable relationship between diesel-fuel variables of the fuel blends, the chemical composition of the emissions, and their biological effects. According to the results from the multivariate analysis, the most important fuel parameters are: polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) content, 90% distillation point, final boiling point, specific heat, aromatic content, density, and sulfur content.
Structured empowerment: an award‐winning program at the Burswood Resort Hotel

In recent years, organizations have identified the benefits of employee empowerment programs: empowered employees are able to solve customer and organizational problems promptly and professionally. The management at the Burswood Resort Hotel in Western Australia recognized that they wanted to develop these qualities in their employees and embarked on an empowerment program. Management acknowledged that achieving an empowered workplace was a long‐term initiative requiring continued management commitment. Their approach was based on management theory and practice, yet remained flexible to the needs of the hotel’s employees and customers. A program was designed and was tailored to the hotel’s culture and work environment. An empowerment survey was conducted prior to the program and again 18 months after its initiation. This article describes the organization’s experience of introducing empowerment into a traditionally‐structured workplace; explains its success; some of the problems encountered and the effect of a recent merger on the progress of the program.
Supporting parents of children with autism spectrum disorders to become informed consumers of evidence on speech pathology practice

The aim of this pilot study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention program designed to help parents of children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) to become informed consumers of evidence for speech pathology services. The program comprised an interactive workshop and the provision of written materials aimed at increasing the participants’ knowledge of evidence-based practice (EBP) principles and confidence discussing EBP with their children's speech pathologists. Using a repeated measures within-group design (pre/post) and mixed methods of analysis, the results indicate that the participants’ knowledge and confidence increased following their participation in the program. Qualitative analysis revealed that parents differed with regard to which component (workshop or written information) was most helpful. The results provide preliminary evidence to support the further development and testing of intervention programs aimed at supporting parents of children with ASD to become informed consumers of evidence-based speech pathology services. Source of funding: No source of funding reported.
Análisis de la producción científica sobre Gobierno Corporativo a través de ISI Web of Science

Corporate governance constitutes nowadays one of the main topics of research in the fields of economics and business. The importance of the subject is not merely academic, if we consider the large number of codes of corporate governance promulgated in recent years, or the importance of corporate governance issues in the current international financial crisis. This paper has analyzed 2,147 publications on corporate governance included in ISI Web of Science, and their corresponding 79,635 citations, with the aim of identifying the prevailing research patterns in the field. In particular, we have traced the most significant publications and authors, the most productive authors, the journals in which they have published, and the approaches used to carry out the investigation.