Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Somatosensory Activations of the Parietal Operculum of Man. A PET Study

We tested the hypothesis that somatosensory discrimination of roughness (microgeometry) but not of shape (macrogeometry) would activate the parietal operculum (PO) in man. It was also investigated whether a simple square pulse indentation of the skin on the index finger would activate the PO. Regional cerebral blood flow was measured with [15O]butanol and positron emission tomography in a total of 20 normal volunteers. Ten subjects used their right hand to discriminate objects that differed in roughness and similar smooth objects that differed in length. Ten other subjects pressed a button when they felt a square pulse indentation of the skin on their right index finger in a somatosensory reaction time task. Discrimination of roughness activated one field in the PO contralaterally and two fields ipsilaterally to the stimulated hand. The discrimination of length activated one field in the PO located ipsilaterally to the stimulated hand. The somatosensory reaction time task also activated one contralateral and two ipsilateral fields in the PO, and these fields partially overlapped the activated fields in the roughness discrimination task. Based on the extension of these fields and their overlaps we conclude that there exist at least one part of the contralateral PO and at least two parts of the ipsilateral PO that can be activated by somatosensory stimulation of the right hand. We argue further that the contralateral activated part contains a region that can be activated by roughness.
Accurate and Stable Run-Time Power Modeling for Mobile and Embedded CPUs

Modern mobile and embedded devices are required to be increasingly energy-efficient while running more sophisticated tasks, causing the CPU design to become more complex and employ more energy-saving techniques. This has created a greater need for fast and accurate power estimation frameworks for both run-time CPU energy management and design-space exploration. We present a statistically rigorous and novel methodology for building accurate run-time power models using performance monitoring counters (PMCs) for mobile and embedded devices, and demonstrate how our models make more efficient use of limited training data and better adapt to unseen scenarios by uniquely considering stability. Our robust model formulation reduces multicollinearity, allows separation of static and dynamic power, and allows a 100× reduction in experiment time while sacrificing only 0.6% accuracy. We present a statistically detailed evaluation of our model, highlighting and addressing the problem of heteroscedasticity in power modeling. We present software implementing our methodology and build power models for ARM Cortex-A7 and Cortex-A15 CPUs, with 3.8% and 2.8% average error, respectively. We model the behavior of the nonideal CPU voltage regulator under dynamic CPU activity to improve modeling accuracy by up to 5.5% in situations where the voltage cannot be measured. To address the lack of research utilizing PMC data from real mobile devices, we also present our data acquisition method and experimental platform software. We support this paper with online resources including software tools, documentation, raw data and further results.
FLEXIBLE DENTURE FOR PARTIALLY EDENTULOUS ARCHES-CASE REPORTS

Conventional fixed partial dentures, implant supported Fixed Partial Dentures (FDPs) and removable partial dentures are the most common treatment modalities for the aesthetic and functional rehabilitation of partially edentulous patients. Hard and soft tissue undercuts are frequently encountered in the fabrication of prosthesis in partially as well as completely edentulous arches. Removable cast partial dentures are used as definitive removable prostheses when indicated, but location of clasps may affect aesthetics. So, when patient is concerned about aesthetics, flexible partial dentures which is aesthetically superior to flipper and cast partial dentures, may be considered. This article is an effort to review the various commercially available flexible denture base materials and highlights their indications and special instructions in wearing and maintenance of the same.
A fast and elitist multiobjective genetic algorithm: NSGA-II

Multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) that use non-dominated sorting and sharing have been criticized mainly for: (1) their O(MN/sup 3/) computational complexity (where M is the number of objectives and N is the population size); (2) their non-elitism approach; and (3) the need to specify a sharing parameter. In this paper, we suggest a non-dominated sorting-based MOEA, called NSGA-II (Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II), which alleviates all of the above three difficulties. Specifically, a fast non-dominated sorting approach with O(MN/sup 2/) computational complexity is presented. Also, a selection operator is presented that creates a mating pool by combining the parent and offspring populations and selecting the best N solutions (with respect to fitness and spread). Simulation results on difficult test problems show that NSGA-II is able, for most problems, to find a much better spread of solutions and better convergence near the true Pareto-optimal front compared to the Pareto-archived evolution strategy and the strength-Pareto evolutionary algorithm - two other elitist MOEAs that pay special attention to creating a diverse Pareto-optimal front. Moreover, we modify the definition of dominance in order to solve constrained multi-objective problems efficiently. Simulation results of the constrained NSGA-II on a number of test problems, including a five-objective, seven-constraint nonlinear problem, are compared with another constrained multi-objective optimizer, and the much better performance of NSGA-II is observed.
Biology and Social Science: Why the Return of the Repressed should be given a (Cautious) Welcome

This paper is programmatic in its intent. I have avoided extensive literature-citations and, in some areas, resorted to rather tendentious assertion rather than thorough argumentation. My purpose is to `place on the table' a project for re-conceptualising the relationship between sociology (together with related social science disciplines) and the biological sciences. Of course, this relationship has a lot of history behind it, some of it not at all pleasant. Necessarily, therefore, I will have to preface my positive proposals with a brief account of that history, and my own interpretation of its significance. Before I try even to do that, however, I will say something about our present situation in the social sciences, and what seem to me the pressures within it towards a recasting of the established division of labour between biology and the social sciences.
Regulation of thymocyte development through CD3. I. Timepoint of ligation of CD3 epsilon determines clonal deletion or induction of developmental program

Several recent observations suggest that successful rearrangement of the T cell receptor (TCR) beta locus induces several important events in thymocyte maturation. Allelic exclusion is achieved by interruption of further rearrangement of the beta locus, and CD4-8- interleukin (IL)- 2R+ cells enter the CD4+8+IL-2R- stage. The actual molecular events regulating this important control point are unknown, but may be related to the expression of the TCR-beta locus in immature CD4-8- thymocytes. It is not clear whether maturation is induced by intracellular appearance of TCR-beta chain or by signal transduction through an immature TCR complex on the thymocyte membrane, possibly involving TCR- beta chain homodimers and CD3. Here we show that early addition of anti- CD3 mAb to fetal thymic organ cultures induces all known events associated with the acquisition of the CD4+8+ stage. Expression of CD4 and CD8 is accelerated, IL-2R alpha is downregulated, and the cells fail to produce TCR-beta, possibly based on premature cessation of beta gene rearrangement. Upon stimulation with anti-CD3 antibodies, we see calcium mobilization in 15% of all CD4-8- thymocytes with no detectable surface TCR expression. These results suggest that functional CD3 is expressed on immature thymocytes at very low concentrations before the appearance of a complete TCR-beta chain. Ligation of CD3 at this stage may mimic the maturation signal normally generated by the immature TCR- beta homodimer-CD3 complex. The results are consistent with the notion that acquisition of the CD4+8+ stage involves signal transduction through an immature TCR complex. Later in thymocyte development, ligation of CD3 results in deletion of CD4+8+ cells. Thus, signal transduction through CD3 may result in entirely different cellular responses, depending on the stage of thymocyte differentiation. These results suggest an involvement of CD3 as a link in signal transduction for at least two different decision points in the development of a thymocyte.
On 3-Extra Connectivity and 3-Extra Edge Connectivity of Folded Hypercubes

Given a graph \mbiG and a non-negative integer g, the g-extra connectivity (resp. g-extra edge connectivity) of \mbiG is the minimum cardinality of a set of vertices (resp. edges) in \mbiG, if it exists, whose deletion disconnects \mbiG and leaves each remaining component with more than g vertices. This study shows that the 3-extra connectivity (resp. 3-extra edge connectivity) of an \mbin-dimensional folded hypercube is 4n - 5 for n ≥ 6 (resp. 4n - 4 for n ≥ 5). This study also provides an upper bound for the g-extra connectivity on folded hypercubes for g ≥ 6.
Interplay between yawning and vigilance: a review of the experimental evidence.

BACKGROUND Yawning is a phylogenetically old behavior of ubiquitous occurrence. The origin and function of this conspicuous phenomenon have been subject to speculation for centuries. A widely held hypothesis posits that yawning increases the arousal level during sleepiness; thus, providing a homeostatic regulation of vigilance. METHODS This chapter reviews experimental data on the relationship between yawning and vigilance that allow testing of the components and predictions of this hypothesis. RESULTS Behavioral studies and electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings of brain activity before and after yawning have provided consistent evidence that yawning occurs during states of low vigilance; thus, substantiating the notion that it is provoked by sleepiness. However, studies analyzing autonomic nervous activity and EEG-based indices of vigilance in yawning subjects did not find specific autonomic activations or increased arousal levels after yawning. CONCLUSIONS The data therefore do not support an arousing effect of yawning or a role in regulation of vigilance or autonomic tone.
PRONOUNS AND NOMINAL ELEMENTS IN BACAIRI DISCOURSE

There are four dimensions to the pronominal system: THEMATIZATION, FOCUS, DEICTIC SCALING, and ANIMATENESS. There is a distinction between thematic and athematic pronouns. Pronouns like maca and auaca 'he', thematic in their non-deictic usage, distinguish focal and nonfocal status. There is also a deictic-nondeictic scaling from complete definition by situation to definition by discourse structure. All of these distinctions are carried out for both animate and inanimate pronouns. The deictic system may conflict with the focus system; the latter takes precedence.
A good day in nursing: Views of recent Singaporean graduates

Abstract This paper arises from the analysis of data from a large Singapore-based survey and a complementary qualitative series of 17 individual interviews. Some results from both arms of the research have been previously analysed and are reported elsewhere. Answers to a series of questions within the questionnaire and the structured interviews have been drawn together under the umbrella of investigating of recent Singaporean graduates’ views about the characteristics of a good nurse, a good day at work, and how they uphold ethical standards. Overall five themes emerged, these are: caring for others; respectful interpersonal interaction; rational clinical decision-making; the harsh reality of the workplace; and personal qualities (not easily influenced by formal education). Interviewees believed that potential nursing students should be made aware of the harsh realities they will face on graduation, which may seem counter-intuitive. However, graduates recalled their own struggles and perseverance and toughness to simply survive the early months as a key component of transition shock, indicating that an earlier awareness may be beneficial.
Post-September 11 Mental Health Service Help Seeking among a Group of Highly Exposed New York City Parents

The current study examines factors related to mental health help seeking among highly exposed New York City parents of young children (< 5 years) after the September 11 terrorist attacks. Data were gathered from 180 parents through in-depth interviews 9 to 12 months postdisaster. Parents described family disaster-related experiences, mental health, changes in parenting and couple function, and mental health service use. In a multivariate model, child direct exposure to the World Trade Center disaster, as well as parent and child mental health symptoms 1 to 3 months post-September 11, were significant predictors of parent help seeking. Findings suggest the need to design disaster relief services that consider family disaster exposure and postdisaster family mental health symptoms, including the functioning of young children and related parental stress in the postdisaster context.
A sanctuary in post‐conflict space: the baptist church as a ‘middle option’ in banovina, croatia

Abstract. One of the observable aspects of social change during the transition period in most post‐socialist countries is the revival of religion. The resurgence of churches has accompanied national revival and in some countries it is also connected to a growing post‐socialist nationalism. This article focuses on the development of different –‘transnational’– religious options in an area of ethnic conflict by presenting a case study of the post‐war growth of the Baptist Church in the Banovina region in Croatia, close to the Bosnian border. Research results are based on halfstructured interviews with church representatives and members. The research shows that there has been a considerable post‐war expansion of the Baptist Church in the Banovina region, and that it is mainly ethnic Serbs and people from mixed marriages who have joined the Church. Many of them have a background as communists. For them, neither the Catholic Church, which is regarded as a Croatian church, nor the Serbian Orthodox Church are viable religious options. Instead, there are three factors that make the ‘Baptist option’ attractive. First, it is grounded in the historical tradition of the Baptist Church in this region and on memories and myths activated in the war and post‐war periods. Second, the Baptist Church has made a middle transnational option available in an ethnically mixed area. As such it attracts those who are searching for a niche of neutrality in an ethnically strongly divided region characterized by conflict. Third, the considerable humanitarian work and help of organizations related to the Baptist Church during and after the war not only added in the eyes of many people in need to its image elements of existential shelter, but also brought the Church out of the shadows and made it more ‘visible’– thereby improving its former reputation as an obscure sect.
Locus of Uncertainty and the Relationship Between Contractual and Relational Governance in Cross-Border Interfirm Relationships

The relationship between contractual and relational arrangements in interorganizational relationships has been subject to an ongoing debate. We propose that in the context of cross-border partnerships, the governance mechanisms can be both substitutes and complements depending upon contingencies posed by uncertainties of two different origins: environmental and behavioral. We argue that environmental uncertainty (i.e., instability and unpredictability of the external environment) drives the formal and relational arrangements into a more substitutive relationship by elevating the adaptation complications in which increasing reliance on either form of governance inhibits the effective operation of the other. Contrastingly, behavioral uncertainty (in the form of inadequate common grounds and shared frameworks among collaborating firms) encumbers the understanding of partner behavior and conduct and drives the governance mechanisms into a more complementary relationship in which contractual and relational mechanisms facilitate the effective operation of each other. Empirical results from 205 cross-border partnerships of large U.S. firms support our theorized relationships.
Perceptions of Television: A Schema Explanation

The purpose of this study is to determine the relative contributions of two factors- content and schema-as an explanation for how people make interpretations about how much violence they perceive in television programs. An experiment was conducted in which 99 participants were exposed to either a high, moderate, or low amount of violence in one episode of a broadcasted television series. This study offers support for three major propositions. First, television viewers rely much more on their personal schema than on program content in constructing their interpretations of violence. Second, when interpreting violence, viewers share a story schema that focuses on the characteristics of explicitness and graphicness. Third, although viewers may share the same story schema, they appear to make different judgments on the schema elements, and hence their judgments about violence vary.
Examining Equity in Newspaper Photographs

Sport has long been considered the generic preserve of males. Because of hegemonic masculinity, females have encountered myriad obstacles in their quest to participate in and receive the benefits from sports. The mass media have aided in the establishment of these barriers with their biased coverage of the institution of sport. While the existence of under-representative and stereotyped coverage of females has been documented across the various media and sport participation levels, there has not been any determination of equitable coverage at the interscholastic level. This content analysis, through its investigation of the newspaper photographic coverage given to high school athletics, seeks to fill this void. A total of 827 photographs were examined from 602 randomly selected newspaper issues. The sample was taken over a one-year timeframe from all the daily newspapers (n= 43) based in the State of Florida. The study found that female athletics, even when compared to the independent standards of enrollment, participation, and sports offered, were significantly under-represented in number of photographs and total photographic column inches. Male athletics not only received more photographic coverage, their photographs were also better positioned and more likely to be color photographs. Collectively, the newspapers upheld hegemonic masculinity through their under-representation and marginalization of high school female athletics.
Adjuvant Chemotherapy with Doxorubicin and Dacarbazine has No Effect in Recurrence‐Free Survival of Malignant Phyllodes Tumors of the Breast

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of adjuvant chemotherapy in malignant phyllodes tumors of the breast treated at the Instituto Nacional de Cancerología of Mexico. Twenty‐eight patients with malignant phyllodes tumors of the breast enrolled in a observational study from January 1993 to December 2003 to receive four cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin 65 mg/m2 over 48 hours intravenous infusion and dacarbazine 960 mg/m2 over 48 hours intravenous infusion (n = 17) versus observation (n = 11). All patients had surgical resection, and 38% had an axillary dissection. Seven patients (25%) received adjuvant radiotherapy. Log‐rank test was used to test for differences in recurrence‐free survival (RFS). The median patient age was 42 years (range, 23–76 years). The median tumor size was 13 cm (range, 3–30 cm), and 46% of the tumors were in the left breast. At a median follow‐up of 15 months (range, 2–81 months), there were seven recurrences and five deaths. The 5 year RFS rate was 58% (95% CI = 36% and 92%) for the patients who received adjuvant therapy and 86% (95% CI = 63% and 100%) for the patients who did not (p = 0.17). The median survival after recurrence was 6.5 months. Adjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin and dacarbazine did not affect patient survival. Future studies to identify relevant molecular targets should be implemented in order to define effective therapies for phyllodes tumors of the breast.
Implementation of an almost globally stable intrinsic nonlinear PID controller for attitude stabilization of a quadrotor

This paper presents flight test results that demonstrate the effectiveness of a locally exponential and almost-globally stable geometric PID controller for attitude stabilization. The controller is implemented on a low cost off the shelf Arduino based quadrotor platform. The controller requires only a rough estimate of the inertia tensor of the device. It is implemented entirely using the onboard processor and does not require any off board sensing or processing. The results presented show that the implemented nonlinear PID is capable of quickly stabilizing any desired vertically upright configuration for large deviations from the desired equilibrium.
[200 - 400 m breaststroke event dominate among knee overuse injuries in elite swimming athletes].

HYPOTHESIS We hypothesized that pool swimming has a low risk for acute injuries; however overuse injuries are predominant, depending on exposure time and swimming discipline. METHODS 341 elite swimmers (19 +/- 11 years, BMI 20.3 +/- 3) were enrolled. Swimming was performed at mean since 10.1 +/- 8 years with 3.8 units every week during 43 weeks every year. RESULTS The overall pool swimming injury rate was 0.39 / 1000 h. Overuse injuries (0.22 / 1000 h) were more frequent than acute injuries (0.17 / 1000 h). The upper extremity was involved more frequently (0.11 / 1000 h) than the trunk (0.067 / 1000 h) or the lower extremity (0.085 / 1000 h). Knee pain was predominant (0.17 / 1000 h) followed by shoulder overuse injuries (0.11 / 1000 h). Especially the 200 - 400 m breaststroke event had a fivefold higher risk for knee pain (relative risk, RR 5.1, p = 0.001). Freestyle had a reduced relative risk for knee pain (RR 0.5, p = 0.03), where shoulder overuse syndromes were predominant. Butterfly increased acute shoulder injury with RR 4.4 (p = 0.004), cervical spine injuries (RR 4.0, p = 0.03) and lower back pain (RR 2.5, p = 0.011). Swimming for more than four times a week had a higher risk for knee injuries (RR 2.1) and shoulder injuries (RR 4.0). We found that stretching was associated with a fivefold reduced risk for overuse knee injuries. CONCLUSION Competitive swimming is a reasonable safe sport, where overuse injuries are predominant. 200 - 400 m breaststroke events increase the risk for knee overuse injuries more than other disciplines. Training for more than four times a week increases the risk twofold for knee and fourfold for shoulder overuse injuries.