Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Making it work: teachers’ perspectives on inclusion

This qualitative study was designed to investigate teachers’ perceptions of the impact of inclusion of children with special needs on their classes. Twenty participants were randomly selected from the 25 teachers who had volunteered for the study. These teacher participants completed a survey which was composed of 62 items dealing with attitudes and perceptions, incentives for encouraging inclusion, and concerns from a classroom perspective. From these 20 participants, five teachers were then randomly selected for interviews. Findings revealed that some of the teachers’ primary concerns were planning time, meeting the needs of all students, and ongoing professional development to respond effectively to the increasingly diverse needs of students in the classroom.
Communicating Imperfection: The Ethical Principles of News Corrections

By exploring 2 sets of ethical values, we suggest a theoretical framework for understanding media accountability products. The first set is exclusive to the field of journalism and consists of distinctive values (accuracy, balance, etc.). The second set is nonexclusive, crossing professional fields, and consists of principles for communicating organizational imperfection (responsibility, transparency, and relationality). On the basis of this theoretical construction we formulate an empirical model for assessing products of accountability. The model was applied to 1,458 corrections published in a representative newspaper from Israel, the United States, and the United Kingdom ranging in their levels of adherence to a formal accountability policy. We conclude by asking how the expectations from news organizations to adhere to principles of accountability may be realized.
Measuring Television Addiction

In an effort to discover a means of empirical distinction between normal and problem television viewing, 2 reliable measures of television addiction were created by writing items to reflect established criteria used in psychiatry for the detection of substance dependence. One measure contains 4 factors measuring distinct components of addictive behavior: heavy viewing, problem viewing, craving for viewing, and withdrawal. Supporting construct validity, these factors were positively related to an alcoholism screening instrument adapted to television use, and to television exposure. The second measure is reliable and unidimensional.
Uncertainty orientation in Chinese children: Relations with school and psychological adjustment

The purpose of this study was to examine uncertainty orientation and its relations with school and psychological adjustment in Chinese children. A sample of elementary school children in P.R. China, aged 10 to 12 years, participated in the study. Data concerning uncertainty orientation, academic performance and socio-emotional adjustment were obtained from multiple sources including projective assessments, teacher ratings and self-reports. It was found that children in grade 6 had higher scores on uncertainty orientation than those in grades 4 and 5. Uncertainty orientation was positively associated with school-related competence, academic achievement and self-perceptions of competence, and negatively associated with learning problems and loneliness. The results suggest that uncertainty orientation is an adaptive characteristic in Chinese children.
Need Support, Need Satisfaction, Intrinsic Motivation, and Physical Activity Participation among Middle School Students

Using self-determination theory as a framework, the purpose of this study was to test a structural model of hypothesized relationships among perceived need support from physical education teachers (autonomy support, competence support, and relatedness support), psychological need satisfaction (autonomy, competence, and relatedness), intrinsic motivation, and physical activity. Participants were 286 middle school students in the southeastern U.S. They completed previously validated questionnaires assessing their perceived need support from teachers, need satisfaction, intrinsic motivation, and physical activity. The hypothesized model demonstrated a good fit with the data (RMSEA = .08; CFI = .97; NFI = .96; GFI = .96). Need satisfaction and intrinsic motivation mediated the relationship between need support and physical activity. The constructs of perceived autonomy, competence, and relatedness represent the nutriments that facilitate students’ intrinsic motivation and ultimately positively predict student.
Illegal Evictions? Overwriting Possession and Orality with Law's Violence in Cambodia

The unfolding of a juridico-cadastral system in present-day Cambodia is at odds with local understandings of landholding, which are entrenched in notions of community consensus and existing occupation. The discrepancy between such orally recognized antecedents and the written word of law have been at the heart of the recent wave of dispossessions that has swept across the country. Contra the standard critique that corruption has set the tone, this paper argues that evictions in Cambodia are often literally underwritten by the articles of law. Whereas ‘possession’ is a well-understood and accepted concept in Cambodia, a cultural basis rooted in what James C. Scott refers to as ‘orality’, coupled with a long history of subsistence agriculture, semi-nomadic lifestyles, barter economies and – until recently – widespread land availability have all ensured that notions of ‘property’ are vague among the country’s majority rural poor. In drawing a firm distinction between possessions and property, where the former is premised upon actual use and the latter is embedded in exploitation, this paper examines how proprietorship is inextricably bound to the violence of law.
The effect of vehicle characteristics on drivers' risk-taking behaviour

There is evidence linking certain vehicle characteristics to crash involvement and one possible mechanism behind this relationship is that these vehicle characteristics influence drivers' risk-taking behaviour. In order to investigate this, we conducted a roadside observation survey and a questionnaire-based study. Both revealed a significant relationship between vehicle performance and drivers' risk-taking behaviour. The causal direction of this relationship has important consequences. If drivers' risk taking predicts their car choice, then it could be justifiably argued that individuals who take more risks when driving simply choose more powerful vehicles to facilitate their behaviour. However, if it is the case that vehicle characteristics adversely influence drivers' risk-taking propensity then this has implications for vehicle design. Results indicated that the causal pathway operates independently in both directions. Finally, we sought to determine which vehicle characteristics influenced risk-taking intentions independently of other confounded characteristics. We found that high vehicle performance and a greater number of safety features led independently to greater intended risk taking in general, while higher internal car noise led to closer car following and more risky gap acceptance, but not to greater speed. Vehicle smoothness and handling did not affect risk-taking intentions.
Determination of Relationship Between the Empathic Tendency Levels and Thinking Styles of Preschool Teacher Candidates

Bu arastirmanin temel amaci, okul oncesi egitimi ogretmen adaylarinin empatik egilim duzeyleri ile dusunme stilleri arasindaki iliskinin belirlenmesidir. Iliskisel tarama modeliyle desenlenmis olan bu calismada, veriler kisisel bilgi formu, Dokmen (1988) tarafindan gelistirilen empatik egilim olcegi ve Sternberg ve Wagner tarafindan (1992) Zihinsel Ozyonetim Kurami dogrultusunda gelistirilen ve Bulus (2006) tarafindan kisaltilarak Turkceye uyarlanan dusunme stilleri olcegi yardimiyla toplanmistir. Arastirmanin calisma grubunu, 2014-2015 egitim-ogretim yilinda Pamukkale Universitesi Egitim Fakultesi Ilkogretim Bolumu Okul Oncesi Egitimi Anabilim Dalina uygun ornekleme yoluyla belirlenen 209 ogretmen adayi olusturmustur. Arastirmaya katilan ogretmen adaylarinin %90’i kizlardan (n=188), %10’u ise erkeklerden (n=21) olusmaktadir. Arastirmada elde edilen veriler SPSS paket programi yardimiyla yuzde, frekans, aritmetik ortalama, t-testi, ANOVA, Pearson Momentler Carpimi ve Linear Regresyon gibi istatistiksel yontemler kullanarak cozumlenmistir. Arastirma sonucunda okul oncesi egitimi ogretmen adaylarinin, empatik egilim duzeyleri ortalama bir deger (X = 70.50) seklinde ortaya konulurken cinsiyet, sinif duzeyi ve yas gibi degiskenlerin empatik egilim duzeyini anlamli bir sekilde etkilemedigi sonucuna ulasilmistir. Dusunme stil tercihlerinde ise en fazla yasamaci ve yurutmeci stillerin tercih edildigi, en az ise muhafazakâr stilin tercih edildigi belirlenmistir. Dusunme stillerinin bazi alt boyutlarinin da cinsiyet, sinif duzeyi ve yasa gore anlamli sekilde farklilastigi bulgulanmistir. Ayrica empatik egilim ve dusunme stillerinin bazi alt boyutlarinda istatiksel olarak anlamli iliskiler elde edilmistir. Bu dogrultuda elde edilen bulgular alan yazinda mevcut olan diger calismalarin bulgulari ile tartisilmis ve onerilerde bulunulmustur
Differences in seedling growth behaviour among species: trait correlations across species, and trait shifts along nutrient compared to rainfall gradients

1 Species‐pairs from woody dicot lineages were chosen as phylogenetically independent contrasts (PICs) to represent evolutionary divergences along gradients of rainfall and nutrient stress, and within particular habitat types, in New South Wales, Australia. Seedlings were grown under controlled, favourable conditions and measurements were made for various growth, morphological and allocation traits.
Integrating Visual and Tactile Information in the Perirhinal Cortex

By virtue of its widespread afferent projections, perirhinal cortex is thought to bind polymodal information into abstract object-level representations. Consistent with this proposal, deficits in cross-modal integration have been reported after perirhinal lesions in nonhuman primates. It is therefore surprising that imaging studies of humans have not observed perirhinal activation during visual–tactile object matching. Critically, however, these studies did not differentiate between congruent and incongruent trials. This is important because successful integration can only occur when polymodal information indicates a single object (congruent) rather than different objects (incongruent). We scanned neurologically intact individuals using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while they matched shapes. We found higher perirhinal activation bilaterally for cross-modal (visual–tactile) than unimodal (visual–visual or tactile–tactile) matching, but only when visual and tactile attributes were congruent. Our results demonstrate that the human perirhinal cortex is involved in cross-modal, visual–tactile, integration and, thus, indicate a functional homology between human and monkey perirhinal cortices.
When Movies Matter

The present study utilized retrospective, autobiographical methodology to investigate the social psychological significance of specific movies, identified as memorable or meaningful for a sample of emerging adults (N = 83). Participants identified a movie and responded to a series of open-ended prompts including why the movie was chosen, the valence and socio-emotional context of the viewing experience, and its perceived emotional impact. Qualitative coding revealed three themes: Life Lessons (inspiration, social comparison, coping, and negative contemplation), Character Connections (identification and idealization), and Social Relationships (joy, gratitude, and loss). Life Lessons were associated with mixed-valence viewing experiences, significant life events, and ongoing emotional impact. Results highlight the role of movies in the social and emotional development of emerging adults.
The Impact of Occupational Stressors on Correctional Staff Organizational Commitment

Correctional staff are the driving force of any correctional facility. Identification of the forces that shape job satisfaction and organizational commitment of correctional staff is necessary for correctional institutions to succeed in their missions. There is a growing body of literature focused on the antecedents of job satisfaction; however, very little literature has focused on the antecedents of organizational commitment. The effects of the occupational stressors of role ambiguity, role conflict, perceived dangerousness of the job, and two forms of work-family conflict (i.e., work on family conflict and family on work conflict) on organizational commitment were examined. Based on ordinary least squares regression results, role ambiguity, role conflict, and work on family conflict had statistically significant effects. Dangerousness and family on work conflict had nonsignificant effects.
Respiratory Syncytial Virus

We examined the human cytotoxic T-cell repertoire of nine adults to 9 of the 10 proteins of respiratory syncytial (RS) virus. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from normal adults were stimulated with RS virus in vitro. The resulting polyclonal cultures were tested for lysis of B-lymphoblastoid cell lines infected with recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing each of nine individual RS virus proteins. The use of peripheral blood dendritic cells to present antigen gave more easily reproducible results over a shorter culture period than conventional methods. The six RS virus proteins most strongly recognized were the nucleoprotein N (nine of nine donors with >10% above background lysis; P = 0.0004), the surface proteins SH (six of nine donors; P
Fiml Estimation of a Bivariate Probit Selection Rule - an Application on Firm Growth and Subsidisation

This study applies a full information maximum likelihood (FIML) estimator of the sample selection model with bivariate selection rule for the investigation of the impact of subsidised firm foundation from unemployment on employment growth of the firm. The empirical analysis is based on the ZEW Firm Start-up Panel using a cohort of firms founded in 15 labour market districts during 1993 and 1995. Estimation results show that the use of the FIML estimator is clearly warranted, compared to a two-step estimator. The FIML model yields a significant negative impact of bridging allowance on employment growth, whereas the two-step estimator underestimates the impact.
Systemic Effects of Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus

Summary: Generalized convulsive status‐ epilepticus (GCSE) is accompanied by a marked increase in plasma catecholamines. This produces a number of changes in general systemic physiology including hypertension, tachycardia, cardiac arrhythmias, hyperglycemia, acidosis, and hyperpyrexia. If SE is stopped quickly, these changes are self‐correcting and do not produce an increased risk of neuropathology. However, if seizures continue, many of the early physiologic changes reverse, and late status epilepticus is marked by hypotension, hypoglycemia, pulmonary edema and a continued acidosis and elevation of body temperature. Prevention of serious hypoglycemia, maintenance of adequate systemic blood pressure to provide adequate cerebral perfusion, and normalizing the body temperature will minimize or prevent neuropathologic sequelae to SE of extended duration.
The social dimensions of teacher collegiality

One aspect of teachers' work lives rarely given consideration within educational research is that of social interaction with colleagues. While research focuses strongly on linking the collegial practices of teachers with student learning outcomes, the social benefits of teacher collegiality for teachers themselves is often neglected. In this article, I provide empirical data on the social interaction of teachers in a primary school and reveal their perceptions of the importance of such interaction. I provide an argument for incorporating a social dimension into existing concepts of teacher collegiality and posit that social interaction among colleagues maybe beneficial in two ways. First, social interaction may promote better working relationships, which in the longer term may improve the quality of teaching and learning. Second, positive social interaction may improve the emotional health of the staff community, thus reducing emotional stress and burnout. What may appear on the surface to be an immaterial part of a teacher's workplace experience in terms of educational outcomes should be acknowledged as promoting significant individual and organisational benefits.
Building Scholarly Writers: Student Perspectives on Peer Review in a Doctoral Writing Seminar

Peer review was used as a primary pedagogical tool in a scholarly writing course for social work doctoral students. To gauge student response to peer review and learning as a result of peer review, the instructor used narrative analysis to organize student comments into themes. Themes identified included initial trepidation, “no pain, no gain,” and writing as relationship. Students transitioned from cautious reluctance about peer review to embracing it as a necessary part of the writing and publication process. As a profession that values collaboration, social work doctoral programs may benefit by encouraging peer support to enhance student writing and scholarly productivity.
Equality and Priority

Moral egalitarianism will depend on one of two basic ideas. The first is the idea of equality itself. We might believe that it is a good thing if different people have equal shares of resources, or if their lives score equally well in terms of whatever makes lives valuable, at least if there is no reason based on some other moral value for one person to do better than the other. Equality is a relationship between the lives of different people. This version of egalitarianism (I will call it the ‘equality view’) claims that the existence of the relationship makes an outcome better. It attributes value to relations between lives rather than to the content of lives.
SphereAvatar: a situated display to represent a remote collaborator

An emerging form of telecollaboration utilizes situated or mobile displays at a physical destination to virtually represent remote visitors. An example is a personal telepresence robot, which acts as a physical proxy for a remote visitor, and uses cameras and microphones to capture its surroundings, which are transmitted back to the visitor. We propose the use of spherical displays to represent telepresent visitors at a destination. We suggest that the use of such 360 degree displays in a telepresence system has two key advantages: it is possible to understand the identity of the visitor from any viewpoint; and with suitable graphical representation, it is possible to tell where the visitor is looking from any viewpoint. In this paper, we investigate how to optimally represent a visitor as an avatar on a spherical display by evaluating how varying representations are able to accurately convey head gaze.
Serial Argumentation Goals and Their Relationships to Perceived Resolvability and Choice of Conflict Tactics

The present study utilized a scale that measured Bevan, Hale, and Williams' (2004) serial argumentation goals and associated these goals with the perceived resolvability of the serial argument and serial argument conflict tactics. College students reporting on current and former dating partnerships completed a written survey containing close-ended items. Six of Bevan et al.'s (2004) ten original goals again emerged from data analyses, and the four remaining goals combined to form a single goal. These seven serial argument goals were related to perceived resolvability and conflict tactics in generally expected ways.
Association of mitochondrial haplogroups H and R with keratoconus in Saudi Arabian patients.

PURPOSE Keratoconic corneas exhibit more mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage than do normal corneas and thus mtDNA may represent a potential candidate for genetic susceptibility studies in keratoconus. To test this hypothesis we determined mitochondrial haplogroups in Saudi patients with keratoconus and healthy controls of same ethnicity. METHODS Mitochondrial haplogrouping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-based automated Sanger sequencing in 114 patients with keratoconus and 552 healthy controls. RESULTS Mitochondrial haplogroups H and R were significantly overrepresented in patients with keratoconus (28.9% vs. 8.5%, P < 0.0001 and 17.5% vs. 3.1%, P < 0.0001, respectively) as compared to healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that individuals with mitochondrial haplogroups H and R are at increased risk to develop keratoconus. In addition, the results provide further evidence for a plausible role of mtDNA in keratoconus etiology.
Can Clark and Wells' (1995) Cognitive Model of Social Phobia be Applied to Young People?

Abstract Social phobia is a common and disabling condition for both children and adults. In recent years Clark and Wells' (1995) cognitive model of social phobia has given rise to an effective treatment protocol for the condition in adults (e.g. Clark et al., 2003, 2006). The current study investigates the applicability of this model to younger people. One hundred and seventy-one 11–14 year-old participants completed questionnaires measuring social anxiety, depression, and the variables hypothesized to maintain social phobia in Clark and Wells' (1995) cognitive model: negative social cognitions, safety behaviours, self-focused attention, and pre- and post-event processing. High socially anxious children scored significantly higher than low socially anxious children on all of the variables in Clark and Wells' model. Negative social cognitions, self-focused attention, safety behaviours, and pre- and post-event processing were all significant predictors of social anxiety, accounting for 48% of the variance in social anxiety. Furthermore, these variables showed specificity to social anxiety, predicting significantly more variance in social anxiety than in depression. Findings suggest that although Clark and Wells' (1995) model of social phobia was developed from research on adult populations, it may be equally applicable to younger people with social phobia.
In Search of Negativity Bias: An Empirical Study of Perceived Helpfulness of Online Reviews

A basic tenet of psychology is that the psychological effects of negative information outweigh those of positive information. Three empirical studies show that the negativity bias can be attenuated or even reversed in the context of electronic word-of-mouth (eWoM). The first study analyzes a large sample of customer reviews collected from Amazon.com and concludes that negative reviews are no more helpful than positive ones when controlling for review quality The second study follows up with a virtual experiment that confirms the lack of negativity bias in evaluating the helpfulness of online reviews. The third study demonstrates that the negativity effect can be reversed by manipulating the baseline valences. This work challenges the conventional wisdom of “bad is stronger than good” and contributes to the understanding of the eWoM phenomenon.