Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Doing the Right Thing: Negotiating Risk and Safety in Child Protection Work with Domestic Violence Cases

The concepts of risk and safety are central to social work practice with survivors of violence against women, especially within the child protection system. Recent studies have highlighted how discrepancies between client and worker perceptions may create problematic conditions for developing effective intervention strategies (Dumbrill, 2006; Jenney, Alaggia, Mazzuca, & Redmond, 2005). In addition, tensions exist between movement toward improving worker-client interactions through collaboration and the use of standardized risk and safety assessments as a means of improving practice. The purpose of this research study was to explore how women’s narratives of domestic violence (DV), expressed within the context of child protection services (CPS), become translated into CPS workers’ assessments of risk and need for safety planning. Using Grounded Theory Methodology (GTM), this qualitative study used focus group and interview data to explore how both workers and clients’ experiences of the process of risk assessment and safety planning influenced the course of the intervention. What emerged is that workers and clients held similar representations about the social construction/collective representation of woman abuse and the work of CPS. For both worker and client participants the concept of ‘doing the right thing’ presented itself as an over-arching theme. This theme implies that there is a perceived ‘right way’ of addressing DV cases within CPS work and enhances
Clinical and Experimental Gastroenterology Dovepress the Sensitivity, Specificity, Predictive Values, and Likelihood Ratios of Fecal Occult Blood Test for the Detection of Colorectal Cancer in Hospital Settings Materials and Methods Study Design

Objectives: To study the performance of a single test using two fecal occult blood tests with colonoscopy for the detection of colorectal cancer (CRC) for the first time in Saudi Arabia to determine possible implications for the anticipated colorectal screening program. Materials and methods: We compared the performance of guaiac and immunochemical fecal occult blood tests for the detection of CRC among patients of 50–74 years old attending two hospitals in the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia. Samples of feces were collected from 257 asymptomatic patients and 20 cases of confirmed CRC, and they were tested simultaneously by the guaiac-based occult blood test and monoclonal antibody-based immunoassay kit. Colonoscopy was performed on all participants and the results were statistically analyzed with both positive and negative occult blood tests of both methods. Results: Of the 277 subjects, 79 tested positive for occult blood with at least one method. Overall, the number of those with an occult blood-positive result by both tests was 39 (14.1%), while for 198 (71.5%), both tests were negative (P,0.0001); 40 (14.4%) samples showed a discrepant result. Colonoscopy data were obtained for all 277 patients. A total of three invasive cancers were detected among the screening group. Of the three, the guaiac test detected two cases, while the immunochemical test detected three of them. Of the 20 control cases, the guaiac test detected 13 CRC cases (P=0.03), while the immunochemical test detected 16 of them (P,0.0001). The sensitivity of guaiac and immunochemical tests for the detection of CRC in the screening group was 50. There was no marked difference in the negative predictive values for both methods. The sensitivity of the fecal occult blood test by FIT was significantly higher for stages III and IV colorectal cancer than for stages I and II (P=0.01) and it was insignificant for the guaiac fecal occult blood test (P=0.07). Conclusion: In areas where other advance screening methods of CRC are not feasible, the use of FIT can be considered. Dovepress Dovepress 280 Elsafi et al Comparisons of different techniques to detect occult blood in the stool have been widely performed. Recent studies that compared G-FOBT and FIT in screening populations indicated superiority of the latter for the detection of both cancers and advanced adenomas. In the past few years, CRC screening has become more popular and colonoscopy has been postulated as the gold standard. 20 Although extensive literature concerning FOBT and …
Political Skill and Manager Performance: Exponential and Asymptotic Relationships Due to Differing Levels of Enterprising Job Demands

Political skill, a social competence that enables individuals to achieve goals due to their understanding of and influence upon others at work, can play an important role in manager performance. We argue that the political skill–manager performance relationship varies as a nonlinear function of differing levels of enterprising job demands (i.e., working with and through people). A large number of occupations have some enterprising features, but, across occupations, management roles typically contain even greater enterprising expectations. However, relatively few studies have examined the enterprising work context (e.g., enterprising demands) of managers. Specifically, under conditions of high enterprising job demands, we argue and find that, as political skill increases, there is an associated exponential increase in enterprising performance, with growth beyond the mean of political skill resulting in outsized performance gains. Whereas, under conditions of low (relative to other managers) enterprising job demands, political skill will have an asymptotic relationship with enterprising job performance, such that the positive relationship becomes weaker as political skill grows, with increases on political skill beyond the mean resulting in minimal performance improvements. Our hypotheses are generally supported, and these findings have important implications for managers, as the performance gains in managerial roles were shown to be a joint function of manager political skill and enterprising job demands.
Optoelectronic Properties of F-co-doped PTO Thin Films Deposited by Spray Pyrolysis

F-co-doped Palladiu m Tin Oxide (PTO) thin films were pyrolytically deposited on glass substrate at 450 0 C using an alcoholic precursor solution consisting of Tin (IV) Chloride (SnCl4.5H2O), Palladiu m Ch loride (Pd Cl2) and Ammoniu m Fluoride (NH4F). A resistivity of 0.3-6.9×10 -2 Ωcm was obtained in F-co-doped PTO films prepared with a Pd content of 3.68at% and F content of 0 - 23.96at% under optimized conditions. The optical properties were studied in the UV/ VIS/ NIR region. The optical bandgap of the films laid in the range 3.945 - 4.014 eV. Using dispersion analysis with Drude and Kim terms, optical constants were determined fro m spectro-photometric measurements for films on glass.
Stress of Singlehood: Marital Status, Domain-Specific Stress, and Anxiety in a National U.S. Sample

The current study compared perceived stress among married and single individuals across a variety of life domains in order to understand (1) the relationship between marital status and psychosocial mechanisms of stress and (2) the degree to which stress experienced in different domains is associated with other health problems (i.e., anxiety). Using survey data from a large national U.S. sample (N = 6,955), we used multiple regression and mediation analyses to investigate the role of marital status on perceived stress associated with social commitments, family commitments, loneliness, and economy/money; and we examined how these domain-specific stressors influenced daily self-reported anxiety. Marital status was a significant predictor of perceived stress: singlehood was positively correlated with perceived stress, specifically the stresses associated with social commitments, loneliness, and economy/money. These domain-specific stressors also mediated the relationship between marital status and anxiety. Th.
Modeling the passive cardiac electrical conductivity during ischemia

A geometrical model of cardiac tissue was used to compute the bidomain conductivities. We simulated ischemic conditions by adapting the geometrical model to morphological and electrical changes reported in literature. The simulated changes included 1) expansion of capillaries 2) cell swelling and 3) the closure of gap junctions, which coincide with changes associated with the three phases of ischemia reported in the literature. Simulations were carried out in a finite element model describing 64 myocytes and the apparent conductivity was calculated by computing the amount of current is this piece of tissue due to an externally applied electric field. In the first case, capillary swelling led to a reduction in extracellular longitudinal conductivity by about 20%, which is in the range of reported literature values. Moderate cell swelling did not affect extracellular conductivity considerably. In order to match the reported drop in total tissue conductance in experimental studies during the third phase of ischemia, we simulated a ten fold increase in gap junction resistance. This ten fold increase correlates well with the reported changes in gap junction densities in literature. Keywords— Conductivity, Cardiac tissue, Bidomain, Ischemia, Cardiac modeling
Evolutionary tracks and isochrones for low- and intermediate-mass stars: From 0.15 to 7 , and from to 0.03

We present a large grid of stellar evolution- ary tracks, which are suitable to modelling star clusters and galaxies by means of population synthesis. The tracks are presented for the initial chemical compositions (Z = 0:0004;Y =0 :23), (Z =0 :001;Y =0 :23), (Z =0 :004;Y = 0:24), (Z =0 :008;Y =0 :25), (Z =0 :019;Y =0 :273) (solar composition), and (Z =0 :03;Y =0 :30). They are com- puted with updated opacities and equation of state, and a moderate amount of convective overshoot. The range of initial masses goes from 0:15 M to 7 M ,a nd the evo- lutionary phases extend from the zero age main sequence (ZAMS) till either the thermally pulsing AGB regime or carbon ignition. We also present an additional set of mod- els with solar composition, computed using the classical Schwarzschild criterion for convective boundaries. From all these tracks, we derive the theoretical isochrones in the Johnson-Cousins UBVRIJHK broad-band photometric system.
“Free College:” A New and Improved State Approach to Increasing Educational Attainment?

“Free college” has emerged in some states as a new approach for increasing educational attainment. But, these and other states have long had initiatives designed to improve college affordability. To inform how state free tuition programs may improve affordability, increase attainment, and close gaps across groups in attainment, this article begins by providing an overview of the role of state policy in promoting attainment, with particular attention to higher education finance policies. Recognizing the utility of examining free tuition policies within the larger state context, we describe recent initiatives in Tennessee, Oregon, and New York. Given their recent establishment, it is too early to conclude whether state-sponsored free tuition policies improve higher education attainment or close gaps in attainment across groups. We consider emerging and potential outcomes, building on themes drawn from across the three cases and research on other higher education finance policies. We conclude by offering questions to guide policy makers, practitioners, and researchers in further consideration of these policies.
Gene Rearrangements in the vsa Locus ofMycoplasma pulmonis

ABSTRACT The vsa genes of Mycoplasma pulmonis encode the V-1 lipoproteins. Most V-1 proteins contain repetitive domains and are thought to be involved in mycoplasma-host cell interactions. Previously, we have reported the isolation and characterization of sixvsa genes comprising a 10-kb region of the genome ofM. pulmonis strain KD735-15. In the current study,vsa-specific probes were used to clone several fragments from a genomic library of KD735-15 DNA and assemble a single 20-kb contig containing 11 vsa genes. The middle region of thevsa locus contains a large open reading frame (ORF) that is not a vsa gene and has undergone an internal deletion in some strains. The ORF is predicted to encode a membrane protein that may have a role in disease pathogenesis. To examine vsagenes in a strain of M. pulmonis that is unrelated to KD735-15, strain CT was studied. Through Southern hybridization and genomic cloning analyses, CT was found to possess homologs of the KD735-15 vsaA, -C, -E, and -F genes and two unique genes (vsaG andvsaH) that were not found in KD735-15. High-frequency, site-specific DNA inversions serve to regulate the phase-variable production of individual V-1 proteins. As a result of the sequence analysis of vsa recombination products, a model in which DNA inversion arises from strand exchange involving at least six nucleotides of the vrs box is proposed.
The Impact of Protective Factors on Posttraumatic Growth for College Student Survivors of Childhood Maltreatment

ABSTRACT Many college students experience traumatic life events in childhood, yet demonstrate personal growth following these experiences. Deriving benefit in the face of adversity has been termed “posttraumatic growth. ” The relationship between posttraumatic growth and childhood experiences of abuse and neglect was investigated in a sample of 501 college students. The primary focus was on what protective factors moderated the relationship between childhood experiences of abuse and neglect and later posttraumatic growth. It was found that although the protective factors of acceptance, positive reframing, and emotional support all significantly predicted scores on the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory, only the factor of prosocial adults and the overall number of social and emotional resources experienced moderated the relationship between childhood maltreatment and posttraumatic growth. These findings have implications for designing effective interventions that foster growth in college students who report a history of childhood maltreatment.
What do students do in their free time and why

: Numerous studies have explored what people do in their free time, but only a few of them have tried to explain why. In Study 1 we therefore aimed to obtain a detailed picture of the ways in which students spend their free time, but also we wanted to investigate their motivation for engaging in a specific activity that they consider to be their favourite. We found that the highest percentage of 585 students, who participated in Study 1, spend most of their free time on social interactions, reading and leisure with family. However, although they did not spend much time on physical activities, participants reported them as their favourite ones. An analysis of variance showed no differences in hedonic motives for free time activities, while eudaimonic motives did differ. In Study 2, we investigated intrinsic motivation for physical exercise on a new sample of 202 students, and found that recreational athletes have significantly higher intrinsic motivation compared to physically less active participants.
Social homogamy, early industrialization, and marriage restrictions in the canton of Lucerne, Switzerland, 1834–75

Abstract The modernization thesis assumes decreasing relevance of an individual’s family background to various aspects of modern and industrial life, which should also translate into a decrease in marital homogamy by social origin. However, long-term historical processes are rarely unidimensional and monotonous, and multiple processes may mask one another. For example, although previous research provides evidence for a relationship between degree of industrialization and homogamy, most studies have found no clear time trend. Using new data (N = 1,499) for the Swiss canton of Lucerne from the nineteenth century, data which include occupational status of fathers (HISCAM), this article approaches from two angles the problem of confounding processes. First, changes in marriage restrictions during the period of study are identified as a significant and unmeasurable confounder. Because the timespan of reinforced marriage restriction is known, time trends in homogamy can be modelled to allow partial disentanglement of the effects on homogamy of modernization and marriage restrictions. Second, although there were few direct measures of modernization taken in Lucerne during that period, two parish level measures can be identified: connection to the railway system, and the proportion of factory workers in the population. Using multilevel models with constraint simultaneous equations for both possible directions of explanation, the analyses reveal homogamy effects of industrialization and marriage restrictions that differ by social strata. In the lower and middle strata, homogamy was stronger in rural areas than in the city of Lucerne, while the opposite was true for the upper stratum. Furthermore, homogamy increased with rising levels of marriage restrictions but in lower and middle strata it decreased with industrialization.
Laser-pumped rubidium frequency standards: new analysis and progress

We have achieved a stability of 3/spl middot/10/sup -13/ /spl tau//sup -1/2/ for 3</spl tau/<30 s with a laser-pumped rubidium gas-cell frequency standard by reducing the effects due to noise in the microwave and laser sources. This result is one order of magnitude better than the best present performance of lamp-pumped devices.
Expression of a Subset of Heat Stress Induced Genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Is Regulated by 3',5'-Cyclic AMP

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) secretes excess of a second messenger molecule, 3',5'-cyclic AMP (cAMP), which plays a critical role in the survival of Mtb in host macrophages. Although Mtb produces cAMP in abundance, its exact role in the physiology of mycobacteria is elusive. In this study we have analyzed the expression of 16 adenylate cyclases (ACs) and kinetics of intracellular cAMP levels in Mtb during in vitro growth under the regular culture conditions, and after exposure to different stress agents. We observed a distinct expression pattern of these ACs which is correlated with intracellular cAMP levels. Interestingly cAMP levels are significantly elevated in Mtb following heat stress, whereas other stress conditions such as oxidative, nitrosative or low pH do not affect intracellular cAMP pool in vitro. A significant increase in expression by >2-fold of five ACs namely Rv1647, Rv2212, Rv1625c, Rv2488c and Rv0386 after heat stress further suggested that cAMP plays an important role in controlling Mtb response to heat stress. In the light of these observations, effect of exogenous cAMP on global gene expression profile was examined by using microarrays. The microarray gene expression analysis demonstrated that cAMP regulates expression of a subset of heat stress-induced genes comprising of dnaK, grpE, dnaJ, and Rv2025c. Further we performed electrophoretic mobility shift assay by using cAMP-receptor protein of Mtb (CRPM), which demonstrated that CRPM specifically recognizes a sequence −301 AGCGACCGTCAGCACG −286 in 5'-untranslated region of dnaK.
CD44 Gene Polymorphisms on Hepatocellular Carcinoma Susceptibility and Clinicopathologic Features

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in Taiwan. CD44, one of the well-known tumor markers, plays an essential role in tumor cell differentiation, invasion, and metastasis. We investigated the CD44 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with environmental risk factors related to HCC susceptibility and clinicopathological characteristics. Six SNPs of CD44 were analyzed using a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in 203 patients with HCC and in 561 cancer-free controls. We determined that the individuals carrying at least one G allele at CD44 rs187115 has higher risk of developing HCC than did wild-type (AA) carriers. We further observed that the CD44 rs187115 polymorphisms with at least one G allele had a higher frequency of distribution in nonsmoking stage III/IV HCC patients, compared with wild-type carriers. Our results suggested that patients with CD44 rs187115 variant genotypes (AG+GG) were associated with a higher risk of HCC development and that these patients might possess chemoresistance, causing more likely progression to late-stage HCC than wild-type carriers without the overexpression of CD44 induced by heavy smoking. CD44 rs187115 might be involved in CD44 isoform expression of p53 stress response in HCC and provide a marker for predicting worst-case prognosis of HCC.
PROXIMITY GRAPHS: E, δ, Δ, χ AND ω

Graph-theoretic properties of certain proximity graphs defined on planar point sets are investigated. We first consider some of the most common proximity graphs of the family of the Delaunay graph, and study their number of edges, minimum and maximum degree, clique number, and chromatic number. In the second part of the paper we focus on the higher order versions of some of these graphs and give bounds on the same parameters.
Galaxy Zoo: chiral correlation function of galaxy spins

Galaxy Zoo is the first study of nearby galaxies that contains reliable information about the spiral sense of rotation of galaxy arms for a sizeable number of galaxies. We measure the correlation function of spin chirality (the sense in which galaxies appear to be spinning) of face-on spiral galaxies in angular, real and projected spaces. Our results indicate a hint of positive correlation at separations less than � 0.5 Mpc at a statistical significance of 2-3 �. This is the first experimental evidence for chiral correlation of spins. Within tidal torque theory it indicates that the inertia tensors of nearby galaxies are correlated. This is complementary to the studies of nearby spin axis correlations that probe the correlations of the tidal field. Theoretical interpretation is made difficult by the small distances at which the correlations are detected, implying that substructure might play a significant role, and our necessary selection of face-on spiral galaxies, rather than a general volume-limited sample.
Hepatitis E virus seroprevalence in HIV positive individuals in Shiraz, Southern Iran

Background and Objectives: Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is the most common cause of acute viral hepatitis in the world. It is usually a self-limited disease but may leads to the deaths of about 20% of pregnant women in developing countries. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of HEV infection among HIV individuals . Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional survey of HIV positive individuals in voluntary counselling and testing center of Shiraz in 2013 Using the systematic random sampling method, 158 patients enrolled for the research. They were asked about their age, gender, area of residence, marital status, number of children, education level, occupation, history of imprisonment, mode of HIV transmission, and viral hepatitis co-infection Three ml venous blood sample was drawn from each subject and transferred to the laboratory of voluntary counselling and testing center. Results: The overall seroprevalence of hepatitis E was 26 (16.4%), where it increased significantly with age ranging from zero in subjects less than 30 years of age to 47.4% in those aged 50 years or older. Conclusion: Co-infection of HIV positive individuals with HEV is an issue that should be of concern to health care providers.