Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can Two Wrongs Make a Right?

SERVICE USERS, carers, and professionals disagree about the nature of mental disorder in startling new revelation! ” On first appearances Fulford and Colombo’s use of linguistic-analytic and empirical methods to demonstrate this point may not seem as if it is telling those in the mental health world anything that they do not already know. The bipolar/dialectical axis (choose your preferred term depending on your ideological position) with the anti-psychiatry movement at one end and the biogeneticists at the other is both well-known and welldocumented. Yet it is precisely that flippancy, and the practical implications that flow from it, that make this work so fundamentally important to the theory, application, and experience of mental health practice at the beginning of the twentyfirst century. Discussions about different models of mental disorder usually play themselves out in arguments within services, or between services and service users and informal carers, about the most appropriate approach to take in addressing a service users needs, or in abstract discussions (often over a drink after work) about the nature of mental health and mental health problems. From blood and fur flying in the bull pit, to swallows endlessly chasing their tails high in the sky. Sadly, the results of this all too often are bitter and unresolved conflicts, different parties digging themselves even further into defensive, entrenched positions, and the least powerful (usually service users) suffering the most as a consequence. Both sides believe the other to be wrong yet cannot convince them of this; an example, albeit with slight variation, of two wrongs not making a right. Rarely are the debates grounded in a constructive, creative, and problem-solving approach on a day-to-day basis, partly because hitherto there does not seem to have been either sufficient empirical evidence to base this upon, or the conceptual as well as practical tools with which to grapple with the issues. Generally speaking, mainstream research in mental health has tended to focus on issues such as symptoms and treatment interventions (James and Burns 2002). However, surveys of service users’ views still show considerable problems in the way services are received and experienced by users (Rose 2001). Other surveys, together with user-led research, such as Strategies for Living at the Mental Health Foundation, have also shown how the focus of users’ concerns maybe very different to that of service providers (Faulkner and Layzell 2000; Nicholls et al, 2003; Repper 2000). Indeed, a piece of research carried out in the 1990s, which would probably still hold true today, showed that service users prioritized practical issues such as personal finance, housing, and social support, whereas professionals saw issues such as treatment and monitoring as being the highest priority (Shepherd, Murray, and Muijen 1995). Combining this, one might well argue that there is fairly clear evidence of the “
Hesiod the cosmopolitan: utopian and dystopian discourse and ethico-political education

The modern tendency to treat all Greek Golden Age textuality as apolitical and escapist has contributed to the ongoing neglect of the first Western educational text, Hesiod's Works and days. Most commentators have missed the interplay of utopian and dystopian images in Hesiodic poetry for lack of the appropriate conceptual framework. Once the escapist prejudice is overcome, the Hesiodic text appears as the first extant Occidental coupling of political utopianism with emancipatory ethico-political education. Once freed of its dated metaphysical-theological resonances, Hesiodic utopianism is compatible with a renewed political and ethical education for cosmopolitanism and justice because the embarrassingly detailed and teleological element of temporal modern utopias and the equally embarrassing rigid architecture of spatial utopias are absent. There is no strict utopian prediction and the message for change is articulated for the whole of humanity.
Elevated Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Keloids: Relevance to Tissue Fibrosis

Excessive scar or keloid shares common features of a benign dermal growth. Yet, in contrast to malignant tumor, a keloid does not expand beyond the dermis. What triggers the continuing growth of a benign lesion? Deficient or overabundant levels of vascular endothelial growth factor have been reported to contribute to impaired or excessive wound healing. Although numerous studies have examined the pathophysiology of impaired wounds, little information has been provided on mechanisms of exuberant healing. The molecular basis of keloid formation is governed by the interplay of cellular signaling pathways, specific target gene activation, and the nature of the microenvironment. Recent works have demonstrated an accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α protein in freshly biopsied keloid tissues, thus providing first evidence that a local state of hypoxia exists in keloids. Our findings and the findings of others support at least two plausible mechanisms implicated in the development of fibrotic wounds, a state of ongoing fibroplasia or inflammation and an excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix. This article will review recent works examining the potential role of vascular endothelial growth factor in keloid pathogenesis with particular focus on its involvement in the two proposed pathological processes, a prolonged inflammation and an altered balance in extracellular matrix metabolism.
The cell adhesion molecule neuroplastin‐65 inhibits hippocampal long‐term potentiation via a mitogen‐activated protein kinase p38‐dependent reduction in surface expression of GluR1‐containing glutamate receptors

Neuroplastin‐65 is a brain‐specific, synapse‐enriched member of the immunoglobulin (Ig) superfamily of cell adhesion molecules. Previous studies highlighted the importance of neuroplastin‐65 for long‐term potentiation (LTP), but the mechanism was unclear. Here, we show how neuroplastin‐65 activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase p38 (p38MAPK) modified synapse strength by altering surface glutamate receptor expression. Organotypic hippocampal slice cultures treated with the complete extracellular fragment of neuroplastin‐65 (FcIg1‐3) sustained an increase in the phosphorylation of p38MAPK and an inability to induce LTP at hippocampal synapses. The LTP block was reversed by application of the p38MAPK inhibitor SB202190, suggesting that p38MAPK activation occurred downstream of neuroplastin‐65 binding and upstream of the loss of LTP. Further investigation revealed that the mechanism underlying neuroplastin‐65‐dependent prevention of LTP was a p38MAPK‐dependent acceleration of the loss of surface‐exposed glutamate receptor subunits that was reversed by pretreatment with the p38MAPK inhibitor SB202190. Our results indicate that neuroplastin‐65 binding and associated stimulation of p38MAPK activity are upstream of a mechanism to control surface glutamate receptor expression and thereby influence plasticity at excitatory hippocampal synapses.
Human Retroviral Host Restriction Factors APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F Localize to mRNA Processing Bodies

APOBEC3G is an antiviral host factor capable of inhibiting the replication of both exogenous and endogenous retroviruses as well as hepatitis B, a DNA virus that replicates through an RNA intermediate. To gain insight into the mechanism whereby APOBEC3G restricts retroviral replication, we investigated the subcellular localization of the protein. Herein, we report that APOBEC3G localizes to mRNA processing (P) bodies, cytoplasmic compartments involved in the degradation and storage of nontranslating mRNAs. Biochemical analysis revealed that APOBEC3G localizes to a ribonucleoprotein complex with other P-body proteins which have established roles in cap-dependent translation (eIF4E and eIF4E-T), translation suppression (RCK/p54), RNA interference–mediated post-transcriptional gene silencing (AGO2), and decapping of mRNA (DCP2). Similar analysis with other APOBEC3 family members revealed a potential link between the localization of APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F to a common ribonucleoprotein complex and P-bodies with potent anti–HIV-1 activity. In addition, we present evidence suggesting that an important role for HIV-1 Vif, which subverts both APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F antiviral function by inducing their degradation, could be to selectively remove these proteins from and/or restrict their localization to P-bodies. Taken together, the results of this study reveal a novel link between innate immunity against retroviruses and P-bodies suggesting that APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F could function in the context of P-bodies to restrict HIV-1 replication.
A continuous-time /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulator with 88dB dynamic range and 1.1MHz signal bandwidth

A baseband continuous-time multi-bit /spl Sigma//spl Delta/ modulator achieves 88dB dynamic range over a 1.1MHz signal bandwidth consuming 62mW from a 3.3V supply. Excess loop delay encountered in conventional continuous-time modulators is eliminated by the proposed architecture. Clock-jitter sensitivity is considerably reduced compared with prior designs.
An Evaluation of Event Management Education

Abstract The concept of flexible learning has been the focus of the development and delivery of courses at The University of Queensland's new Ipswich Campus. Based on constructivism, flexible learning emphasises the student's central role in the responsibility for learning. This paper critically reflects on students' expectations and experiences whilst undertaking a flexible course offered by the School of Tourism and Leisure Management for the first time in semester one, 2002 and presents findings from primary research. Data were gathered using three collection methods, results were triangulated and common themes were identified under the general headings of Course Expectations, Attitudes to the Course, Course Experiences and Recommendations for Improvement. It would appear that generally, this cohort of students felt positive about the innovative approach to teaching adopted by this course. While many students expected the course to be taught in traditional mode and had some initial misgivings, it was found that, overall, students felt empowered by the opportunity to take responsibility and control of their learning environment. In addition, the innovative approach to the design, delivery and assessment of this course resulted in a valuable learning experience for many students who stated that they could readily make the link between theory and practice.
Discovery and Expository Learning Compared: Their Effects on Independent and Dependent Students

AbstractThis study compared the effects of discovery (DI.) and exposition-application (LA) teaching formats on students with independent and dependent learning styles. The DI. method encourages the learner to generate conclusions inductively from ambiguous materials, whereas in the EA format the structure of the material is presented at the start to help guide student learning. Independent students were expected to learn more productively via the freedom of the DL situation, while the structure of the LA format should be beneficial to dependent learners. On a posttest imniediately following instructions, the DI. format was superior for both subgroups of students. The superiority was markedly greater for the independent students, so that the predicted aptitude-treatment interaction (All) was also present: independent students outperformed dependent students in the DL condition, while the reverse was true in the LA setting.
A Proposed Model for Evaluating the Sustainability of Continuous Change Programmes

Many studies report that it is difficult to sustain change. This article focuses on how an organization can initiate and sustain a continuous change process. A theoretical model is proposed as a fusion of two previous models for evaluating the sustainability of a change programme; the first is based on analysing stakeholder interest balance as a prerequisite for organizational sustainability, the second on analysing the design of the implementation, indicating whether long-term effects will be achieved. It is argued that the combination of these factors provides a more comprehensive perspective, since it allows us to evaluate both the ‘form’ and the ‘direction’ of the programme. To assess stakeholder interest balance, the goal for the change programme is analysed, utilizing the broad stakeholder interest balance perspective. To assess the design of the implementation, four preconditions for long-term effects should be analysed: management's ownership of the change initiative, professional steering, competent leadership and participation. Reference is given to the management concept Lean Production, which is claimed to engage the organization in continuous change. Application of the model highlights the mismatch between narrowly focused change programmes such as Lean Production and sustainable change.
Desipramine hydrochloride: a non-merohedrally twinned structure

The title compound, C18H23N2 +·Cl−, is a non-merohedrally twinned salt [domains 0.9288 (3) and 0.0712 (3)] which crystallizes with four independent cation–anion pairs in the asymmetric unit. The seven-membered ring in each of the cations adopts a boat conformation, thus creating a butterfly effect within the ring system. The average value of the dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings in the four cations is 57.1 (1)°. The crystal packing is stabilized only slightly by a collection of intermediate N—H⋯Cl hydrogen-bonding interactions, which produce a weak, but cooperative, infinite, one-dimensional, intermolecular hydrogen-bond network along the a axis. A MOPAC PM3 computational calculation gives support to these observations.
Antiproliferative activity of REIC/Dkk-3 and its significant down-regulation in non-small-cell lung carcinomas.

We recently reported the cloning of the REIC/Dkk-3 gene, whose expression was shown to be down-regulated in many human immortalized and tumor-derived cell lines [T. Tsuji et al. (2000) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 268, 20-24]. In the present study, we demonstrated that expression of the exogenous REIC/Dkk-3 gene in tumor cells inhibited cell growth. Furthermore, the level of REIC/Dkk-3 mRNA in normal human cells was lowest in the late G(1) phase during the cell cycle. Then we found that the expression of REIC/Dkk-3 was significantly down-regulated in surgically resected non-small-cell lung carcinomas. We determined the REIC/Dkk-3 locus on chromosome 11p15, where loss of heterozygosity has frequently been observed in human tumors. These findings indicate that REIC/Dkk-3 may function as a tumor suppressor.
Elevated vascular endothelial growth factor levels in sera of patients with lung cancer.

BACKGROUND Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) overexpression has been observed in several malignant tumors, and VEGF level in serum appears to be correlated with tumor burden in cancer patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Serum VEGF levels were measured in 70 patients with lung cancer including 23 with adenocarcinoma, 19 with squamous cell carcinoma, 3 with large cell carcinoma, and 25 with small cell carcinoma, and in 30 patients with benign lung disease and 13 healthy subjects with an enzyme immunoassay. RESULTS VEGF levels (mean +/- SD; pg/ml) were 834 +/- 699 and 732 +/- 529 in patients with lung cancer and benign lung disease, respectively, and were significantly higher than those in healthy subjects (264 +/- 129) (P < 0.01). There were no differences between VEGF levels categorized by histology, disease stage, or distant metastasis for lung cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS Although serum VEGF levels were increased in lung cancer patients, this increase might not have been related to tumor burden.
HLA Antibody Detection With Solid Phase Assays: Great Expectations or Expectations Too Great?

Alloantibodies directed against HLA antigens, are a barrier to long‐term solid organ allograft survival. The clinical impact of preformed, donor‐directed HLA alloantibodies range from acceptable risk to unequivocal contraindication for organ transplantation. HLA antibodies are key factors that limit patient access to donor organs. Serological methods were once the only approach to identify HLA antigens and antibodies. Limitations in these technologies led to the development of solid phase approaches. In the early 1990s, the development of the polymerase chain reaction enabled DNA‐based HLA antigen testing to be performed. By the mid‐1990s, microparticle‐based technology that utilized flow cytometry for analysis was developed to detect both classes I and II HLA antibodies. These methodologies revolutionized clinical histocompatibility testing. The strengths and weaknesses of these assays are described in detail in this review.
Testing times: Exploring staged responses and the impact of blame management strategies in two examination fiasco cases

This article examines the responses of ministers facing high levels of blame in the press after serious failures in the public exam system for school-leavers in Scotland in 2000 and England in 2002. It develops a method for systematic analysis and comparison of the behaviour of officeholders facing blame, tests the hypothesis that ministers will accept personal culpability only after other ways of handling blame have been exhausted and uses time series intervention models to show how one can estimate the impact of strategies on the next day's blame level. The basic sequencing hypothesis is partially upheld by the observed behaviour in these cases, though many other kinds of blame responses do not display a clear sequence. The intervention analysis also raises questions about the claimed effectiveness of presentational strategies for managing blame.
The Evaluation of iron overload through hepcidin level and its related factors in myelodysplastic syndromes

Abstract We chose hepcidin and its related factors as evaluating indicators to determine the degrees of iron overload in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) patients. A total of 73 patients and 28 healthy volunteers were enrolled in this study. We performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to measure both bone marrow and peripheral blood serum hepcidin. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to determine the gene expression of growth differentiation factor 15 and twisted gastrulation 1. Serum ferritin (SF), C-reactive protein (CRP), and erythropoietin were measured by routine standard laboratory assays. CD4+ and CD19+ lymphocytes and Th polarization were detected by flow cytometry. Twenty-four MDS patients were measured their cardiac and liver iron deposition levels through magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) T2* examination. No significant difference was found between the bone marrow hepcidin levels and peripheral blood hepcidin levels (P = 0.134). Stratified according to different World Health Organization subtypes, refractory anemia with ringed sideroblasts patients had the lowest hepcidin levels (105.40 ± 5.13 ng/ml), while refractory anemia with excess blasts-1 had the highest levels (335.71 ± 25.16 ng/ml). Stratified according to International Prognostic Scoring System and WHO Classification-based Prognostic Scoring System, there was a significant difference of hepcidin levels between low-risk group and high-risk group in two systems, respectively (P = 0.033 and 0.009). The hepcidin levels of CD4+ high-expression group were demonstrated higher than the normal expression groups (P = 0.02), but the CD19+ high-expression group did not show the same result (P = 0.206). Meanwhile, patients with a Th1 polarization trend had a high level of hepcidin versus normal group (P < 0.001). Liver iron concentration (LIC) measured by MRI T2* had a closer correlation (r = 0.582, P < 0.001) to hepcidin than serum ferritin, by stepwise regression. C-reactive protein and LIC seemed to be the key determinants of hepcidin, by multivariate regression. Inflammation plays an important role in the regulation of hepcidin expression. T-lymphocyte activation and Th polarization trend might participate in the regulatory mechanism partly. The capability of organ iron load assessment of MRI T2* seems better than that of SF. It seems that hepcidin with CRP and LIC measured by MRI T2* are potential indicators of iron overload in MDS patients.
Uniting Management and Education in Pursuit of Efficiency: F.W. Taylor's Training Reform Legacy

This historical case study demonstrates the importance of education to the diffusion of management ideas and strategies. The article explains how management and education came to be united in the pursuit of efficiency and how they came to use similar assessment techniques to ensure the achievement of this goal. Documenting F.W. Taylor's interest in education, it reveals how scientific management, as promoted by management ‘gurus', consultants, managers, educational administrators and related professionals, came to influence the early twentieth century reform of education and training in both the USA and Australia. It shows how Taylor's methods, principles and philosophy were transformed into a scholastic program, and how this program was infused into the administration and content of teaching and learning offered in NSW schools, technical colleges, universities and adult education, with long-term implications for the training of managers, students and workers.
The role of cathepsin X in the migration and invasiveness of T lymphocytes

Cathepsin X is a lysosomal cysteine protease exhibiting carboxypeptidase activity. Its expression is high in the cells of immune system and its function has been related to the processes of inflammatory and immune responses. It regulates processes such as adhesion, T lymphocyte activation and phagocytosis through its interaction with β2 integrins. To investigate the role of cathepsin X in the migration of T lymphocytes, Jurkat T lymphocytes were stably transfected with a pcDNA3 expression vector containing cathepsin X cDNA. The cathepsin-X-overexpressing T lymphocytes exhibited polarised migration-associated morphology, enhanced migration on 2D and 3D models using intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1)- and Matrigel-coated surfaces, and increased homotypic aggregation. The increased invasiveness of cathepsin-X-overexpressing cells does not involve proteolytic degradation of extracellular matrix. Confocal microscopy showed that the active mature form of cathepsin X was colocalised in migrating cells together with lymphocyte-function-associated antigen 1 (LFA-1). The colocalisation was particularly evident at the trailing edge protrusion, the uropod, that has an important role in T lymphocyte migration and cell-cell interactions. We propose that cathepsin X causes cytoskeletal rearrangements and stimulates migration of T lymphocytes by modulating the activity of the β2 integrin receptor LFA-1.
Measuring word of mouth: the questions of who and when?

Word-of-mouth (WOM) communication has long been an important source of information influencing consumer attitudes and purchase behaviour. Despite this, relatively little attention has been directed at important questions regarding how WOM is measured. This paper focuses on two measurement issues: who to measure (the giver or receiver) and when to measure (immediately after the message is received or over time). Based on information processing and related theories, three hypotheses were developed and tested. Using a survey approach, respondents' WOM communications were matched to a receiver and the evaluation of the communication was assessed for both groups. It was found that the giver and receiver of a WOM communication did not evaluate the message in the same way, even at the time of transmission. In addition, the evaluation by the receiver was unstable over time. As time passed the evaluation regressed towards the scale mean. Implications for research and management practice are discussed.