Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CARDIAC PAIN IN ASSOCIATION WITH MITRAL STENOSIS AND CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE

The association of angina pectoris with mitral stenosis has interested cardiologists for many years. The first reference seems to be that of Nothnagel (1891) who found anginal pain in 18 per cent of his patients with mitral stenosis. There have been many case reports since that time of angina pectoris occurring in young subjects with mitral stenosis a number of instances normal coronary arteries were revealed at necropsy. For example Blackford (1940) reported two such cases with severe mitral stenosis and normal coronary arteries and found seven previously reported cases in which the results of necropsy were available, and 25 other case reports since 1923. Burgess and Ellis (1942) considered that true angina pectoris was rare with mitral stenosis and confined to older patients, and discussed so-called "hypercyanotic angina" occurring in long attacks unrelated to effort. Levine and Kauvar (1942) studied 38 patients with mitral stenosis and angina pectoris: three were under the age of 40 years, and women predominated over men in the proportion of 2: 1. The average age of onset of angina was 50 years for the women and 54 years for the men. The incidence of angina pectoris among 741 patients with mitral stenosis was 2-6 per cent. In sixteen of their patients the results of necropsy were available; in three of these the coronary arteries were normal. Significant disease of the coronary arteries was found post-mortem in only 5 per cent of 314 cases of mitral stenosis. They concluded that in the majority of such patients mitral stenosis and coronary artery disease merely coexist. This has been the general opinion since that time, and is quoted in most textbooks. The impression that aortic incompetence is the only valvular lesion commonly associated with angina pectoris in young subjects, seems to date from papers by White and Mudd (1927) and by Schwartz (1927). Most of the thirteen patients mentioned by these authors had mitral valve disease as well, and there was no post-mortem confirmation. References to the occurrence of angina pectoris in patients with congenital heart disease are more scanty. Aortic stenosis has only recently been considered a relatively common congenital condition (Campbell and Kauntze, 1953), but the association of angina pectoris with this lesion is well recognized, and it occurred in 11 of the 40 patients reported by these authors. Friedberg (1949) put the incidence of angina of effort in patients with aortic stenosis at 10-20 …
A Multilevel Investigation of Normative and Informational Influences on Extensiveness of Individual Technology Use

Prior research in technology use by individuals has predominantly focused on social influence as perceived by the individual. We take an alternative perspective and d rawing from literature on normative influence and social networks, we devel op cross -level hypotheses related to the effects of team level social influence on extensiveness of individual technology use. We test the research hypotheses , using hierarchical linear modeling, in a field study of over 250 employees, working in 44 teams that are using a new customer relationship management system in a large financial services institution. Results show that extensiveness of individual use , operationalized as the number of customer -related transactions managed electronically, is a function of both team normative pressure and team network configuration. The implications of these findings for research and practice are discussed.
Temporal and Spatial Variations in Presence: A Qualitative Analysis

This paper presents the qualitative findings from an experiment designed to investigate breaks in presence. Participants spent approximately 5 minutes in an immersive CAVE-like system depicting a virtual bar with five virtual characters. On four occasions the projections were made to go white to trigger clearly identifiable “anomalies” in the audiovisual experience. Participants’ autonomic responses were measured throughout to investigate possible physiological correlates of these experienced anomalies. Our analysis of the interviews with participants suggests that these anomalies were subjectively experienced as breaks in presence. The findings also reveal that breaks in presence have multiple causes and can range in intensity, resulting in varying recovery times. In addition, presence can vary in intensity within the same space, suggesting that presence in an immersive VE can fluctuate both temporally and spatially.
Trading agents for the smart electricity grid

The vision of the Smart Grid includes the creation of intelligent electricity supply networks to allow efficient use of energy resources, reduce carbon emissions and are robust to failures. One of the key assumptions underlying this vision is that it will be possible to manage the trading of electricity between homes and micro-grids while coping with the inherent real-time dynamism in electricity demand and supply. The management of these trades needs to take into account the fact that most, if not all, of the actors in the system are self-interested and transmission line capacities are constrained. Against this background, we develop and evaluate a novel market-based mechanism and novel trading strategies for the Smart Grid. Our mechanism is based on the Continuous Double Auction (CDA) and automatically manages the congestion within the system by pricing the flow of electricity. We also introduce mechanisms to ensure the system can cope with unforseen demand or increased supply capacity in real time. Finally, we develop new strategies that we show achieve high market efficiency (typically over 90%).
Territorial choice : the politics of boundaries and borders

Territorial Choice: Rescaling Governance in European States H.Baldersheim & L.E. Rose The Danish Revolution in Local Government: How and Why? P.E. Mouritzen Finnish Power-shift: The Defeat of the Periphery S.Sandberg The Swedish Model Under Stress: Waning of the Egalitarian, Unitary State? A.Lidstrom The staying Power of the Norwegian Periphery H.Baldersheim & L.Rose Larger and Larger? The Endless Search for Efficiency in the UK P.John Step-by-step: Territorial Choice in the Netherlands M.Boedeltje & B.Denters Multiple Choice: The Persistence of Territorial Pluralism in the German Federation M.Walter-Rogg France and its 36,000 Communes: An Impossible Reform? E.Kerrouche Italian Regionalism: A Semi-federation is Taking Shape - or is it? M. Brunazzo Efficiency Imperatives in a Fragmented Polity: Reinventing Local Government in Greece P.Getimis & N.Hlepas Top-down or Bottom-up? Coping with Territorial Fragmentation in the Czech Republic M.Illner A Comparative Analysis of Territorial Choice in Europe - Conclusions H.Baldersheim & L.E. Rose Bibliography
National culture dimension of power distance in the Baltic States

Abstract The paper presents a calculation for the values of power distance index in the countries of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia using a mathematical model that is based on the correlations between power distance index values of the original research conducted by Geert Hofstede and macroeconomic indicators. Following, the paper presents implications of the found power distance indexes on managerial practices in the local organizations as well as on transferability of the managerial practices of multinationals presented in the region onto the local workforce.
An asymptotic approximation algorithm for 3D-strip packing

We present an asymptotic (2 + ε)-approximation algorithm for the 3D-strip packing problem, for any ε > 0. In the 3D-strip packing problem the input is a set <i>L</i> = {<i>b</i><inf>1</inf>, <i>b</i><inf>2</inf>,. , <i>b</i><inf><i>n</i></inf>} of 3-dimensional boxes. Each box <i>b</i><inf><i>i</i></inf> has width, length, and height at most 1. The problem is to pack the boxes into a 3-dimensional bin <i>B</i> of width 1, length 1 and minimum height, so that the boxes do not overlap. We consider here only orthogonal packings without rotations; this means that the boxes are packed so that their faces are parallel to the faces of the bin, and rotations are not allowed. This algorithm improves on the previously best algorithm of Miyazawa and Wakabayashi which has asymptotic performance ratio of 2.64. Our algorithm can be easily modified to a (4 + ε)-approximation algorithm for the 3D-bin packing problem.
Unconventional Pollution Control Politics: The Reformation of the US Safe Drinking Water Act

During the 1980s and early 1990s, the US Environmental Protection Agency proposed to reform federal environmental regulation around “risk management” principles that stressed pollution prevention, better priorities, and cost control. In spite of the fact that risk management were strongly supported by three successive presidential administrations, only one major federal statute – the Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) Amendments of 1996 – was developed around these principles. The purpose of this paper is to understand why Congress succeeded in reforming the SDWA around risk management principles at a time when legislative reform of other federal pollution control policies remained stalled. Through a historical analysis of federal drinking water politics between 1970 and 1996, it is concluded that the somewhat unique politics surrounding the drinking water issue enabled risk management principles to serve as a “persuasive discourse” that bound together key interests within the policy community.
Asymptotic theory with hierarchical autocorrelation: Ornstein–Uhlenbeck tree models

Hierarchical autocorrelation in the error term of linear models arises when sampling units are related to each other according to a tree. The residual covariance is parametrized using the tree-distance between sampling units. When observations are modeled using an Ornstein–Uhlenbeck (OU) process along the tree, the autocorrelation between two tips decreases exponentially with their tree distance. These models are most often applied in evolutionary biology, when tips represent biological species and the OU process parameters represent the strength and direction of natural selection. For these models, we show that the mean is not microergodic: no estimator can ever be consistent for this parameter and provide a lower bound for the variance of its MLE. For covariance parameters, we give a general sufficient condition ensuring microergodicity. This condition suggests that some parameters may not be estimated at the same rate as others. We show that, indeed, maximum likelihood estimators of the autocorrelation parameter converge at a slower rate than that of generally microergodic parameters. We showed this theoretically in a symmetric tree asymptotic framework and through simulations on a large real tree comprising 4507 mammal species.
The Macroeconomics of Monetary Union: An Analysis of the CFA Franc Zone

1. An Introduction to the Institutions and Members of the CFA Franc Zone 2. CFA Membership, Exchange Rate Pegs and Inflation 3. Short-Run Monetary Policy Formation: Comparing the CFA with Anglophone Africa 4. Public Debt and the Strategic Interaction of Monetary and Fiscal Policy 5. Asset Demand and the Monetary Transmission Mechanism: the Case of Cote d'Ivoire 6. Tests of Capital Market integration between the Franc Zone and France 7. Savings, Investment and Franc Zone Membership: Time-Series Evidence from a Comparison of Cote d'Ivoire with Kenya 8. CFA Membership and the Role of Relative Price Stability in Investment Performance 9. Conclusion and Suggestions for Further Study
Properties of Embedding Methods for Similarity Searching in Metric Spaces

Complex data types-such as images, documents, DNA sequences, etc.-are becoming increasingly important in modern database applications. A typical query in many of these applications seeks to find objects that are similar to some target object, where (dis)similarity is defined by some distance function. Often, the cost of evaluating the distance between two objects is very high. Thus, the number of distance evaluations should be kept at a minimum, while (ideally) maintaining the quality of the result. One way to approach this goal is to embed the data objects in a vector space so that the distances of the embedded objects approximates the actual distances. Thus, queries can be performed (for the most part) on the embedded objects. We are especially interested in examining the issue of whether or not the embedding methods will ensure that no relevant objects are left out. Particular attention is paid to the SparseMap, FastMap, and MetricMap embedding methods. SparseMap is a variant of Lipschitz embeddings, while FastMap and MetricMap are inspired by dimension reduction methods for Euclidean spaces. We show that, in general, none of these embedding methods guarantee that queries on the embedded objects have no false dismissals, while also demonstrating the limited cases in which the guarantee does hold. Moreover, we describe a variant of SparseMap that allows queries with no false dismissals. In addition, we show that with FastMap and MetricMap, the distances of the embedded objects can be much greater than the actual distances. This makes it impossible (or at least impractical) to modify FastMap and MetricMap to guarantee no false dismissals.
Developing a method of moments based indoor propagation model

This paper presents initial efforts to develop a full-wave propagation model for indoor electromagnetic wave propagation based on the Volume Electric Field Integral Equation which when discretised by the Method of Moments results in a linear system whose iterative solution can be expedited through use of the FFT. Although the formulation requires the discretisation of the entire volume, only unknowns placed in the scattering material (walls, etc) contribute to the scattered field. Consequently, unknowns placed in free space can effectively be removed from the update process in each iteration leading to rapid convergence. The model is validated against the Uniform Theory of Diffraction. Its computational efficiency and accuracy are compared with an alternate integral equation, the Surface Electric Field Integral Equation discretised by the Method of Moments and accelerated by the ML-FAFFA. Results demonstrating the propagation modelling capabilities of the model are demonstrated alongside a motivating example for the use of full-wave models over conventional approximate methods like ray tracing.
Plasma membrane expression of GnRH receptors: regulation by antagonists in breast, prostate, and gonadotrope cell lines

In heterologous expression systems, human GnRH receptors (hGnRHRs) are poorly expressed at the cell surface and this may reflect inefficient exit from the endoplasmic reticulum. Here, we have defined the proportion of GnRHRs at the cell surface using a novel assay based on adenoviral transduction with epitope-tagged GnRHRs followed by staining and semi-automated imaging. We find that in MCF7 (breast cancer) cells, the proportional cell surface expression (PCSE) of hGnRHRs is remarkably low (<1%), when compared with Xenopus laevis (X) GnRHRs (∼40%). This distinction is retained at comparable whole cell expression levels, and the hGnRHR PCSE is increased by addition of the XGnRHR C-tail (h.XGnRHR) or by a membrane-permeant pharmacological chaperone (IN3). The IN3 effect is concentration- and time-dependent and IN3 also enhances the hGnRHR-mediated (but not h.XGnRHR- or mouse GnRHR-mediated) stimulation of [3H]inositol phosphate accumulation and the hGnRHR-mediated reduction in cell number. We also find that the PCSE for hGnRHRs and h.XGnRHRs is low and is greatly increased by IN3 in two hormone-dependent cancer lines, but is higher and less sensitive to IN3 in a gonadotrope line. Finally, we show that the effect of IN3 on hGnRHR PCSE is not mimicked or blocked by two peptide antagonists although they do increase the PCSE for h.XGnRHRs, revealing that an antagonist-occupied cell surface GnRHR conformation can differ from that of the unoccupied receptor. The low PCSE of hGnRHRs and this novel peptide antagonist effect may be important for understanding GnRHR function in extrapituitary sites.
Deep radio observations of 3C 324 and 3C 368: evidence for jet-cloud interactions

High-resolution, deep radio images are presented for two distant radio galaxies, 3C 324 (z = 1.206) and 3C 368 (z = 1.132), which are both prime examples of the radio–optical alignment effect seen in powerful radio galaxies with redshifts z ≳ 0.6. Radio observations were made using the Very Large Array in A-array configuration at 5 and 8 GHz, and using the MERLIN array at 1.4 and 1.65 GHz. Radio spectral index, radio polarization, and rotation measure maps are presented for both sources. Radio core candidates are detected in each source, and by aligning these with the centroid of the infrared emission the radio and the optical / infrared images can be related astrometrically with 0.1 arcsec accuracy. In each source the radio core is located at a minimum of the optical emission, probably associated with a central dust lane. Both sources also exhibit radio jets which lie along the directions of the bright strings of optical knots seen in high-resolution Hubble Space Telescope images. The northern arm of 3C 368 shows a close correlation between the radio and optical emission, whilst along the jet direction of 3C 324 the bright radio and optical knots are co-linear but not co-spatial. These indicate that interactions between the radio jet and its environment play a key role in producing the excess ultraviolet emission of these sources, but that the detailed mechanisms vary from source to source. 3C 368 is strongly depolarized and has an average rest-frame rotation measure of a few hundred rad m−2, reaching about 1000 rad m−2 close to the most depolarized regions. 3C 324 has weaker depolarization, and an average rest-frame rotation measure of between 100 and 200 rad m−2. Both sources show large gradients in their rotation measure structures, with variations of up to 1000 rad m−2 over distances of about 10 kpc.
A Study of Quasar Radio Emission from the VLA FIRST Survey

Using the most recent (1998) version of the VLA FIRST survey radio catalog, we have searched for radio emission from 1704 quasars taken from the most recent (1993) version of the Hewitt & Burbidge quasar catalog. These quasars lie in the roughly 5000 deg2 of sky already covered by the VLA FIRST survey. Our work has resulted in positive detection of radio emission from 389 quasars, of which 69 quasars have been detected for the first time at radio wavelengths. We find no evidence of a correlation between optical and radio luminosities for optically selected quasars. We find indications of a bimodal distribution of radio luminosity, even at a low flux limit of 1 mJy. We show that radio luminosity is a good discriminant between radio-loud and radio-quiet quasar populations, and that it may be inappropriate to make such a division on the basis of the radio–to–optical luminosity ratio. We discuss the dependence of the radio-loud fraction on optical luminosity and redshift.
Intelligence Portfolio Management System based on Neurofuzzy system for Thai Stock Index

Stock investment has become an important investment activity in Thailand. However, investors often lose money due to unclear investment objectives. Therefore, an investment decision support system to assist investors in making good decisions has become an important research issue. Thus, this paper introduces an intelligent decision-making model, based on the application of Neurofuzzy system (NFs) technology. Our proposed system can decide a trading strategy for each day and produce a high profit for of each stock. Our decision-making model is used to capture the knowledge in technical indicators for making decisions such as buy, hold and sell. And the optimizing algorithm included in our proposed model shows the different number of membership functions in NFs and NFs inputs effectively a result in profits. Finally, the experimental results have shown higher profits than the Neural Network (NN) and “Buy & Hold” models for each stock index. The results are very encouraging and can be implemented in a Decision-Making trading system during the trading day.
Coagulation disorder in children and adolescents with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury.

OBJECTIVES To describe the epidemiological profile of children and adolescents with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury admitted to an intensive care unit; to describe the frequency of coagulation disorders in these patients; to determine the relationship between coagulopathy and trauma severity; to assess the factors associated with coagulopathy; and to assess the effect of coagulopathy on the mortality of these patients. METHODS Cross-sectional study with 301 patients aged up to 16 years admitted to an intensive care unit due to moderate to severe traumatic brain injury, carried out over a 5-year period. The coagulation profile was associated with clinical, epidemiological and CT findings. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to check the association between coagulopathy and mortality. RESULTS Minimum age was 23 days, and maximum age was 16 years (mean of 7.9 years). About 77% of patients had coagulopathy, whose occurrence was directly associated with the severity of the trauma, but not with the rise in mortality. The factors associated with the presence of coagulopathy were the following: severity of the traumatic brain injury (OR=2.83; 95%CI 1.58-5.07), diagnosis of brain swelling on cranial computed tomography (OR=2.11; 95%CI 1.13-4.07) and occurrence of chest and/or abdominal injury (OR=2.07; 95%CI 1.11-4.00). Approximately 35% of patients died. The multivariate analysis showed that the factors associated with an increased risk of death were presence of sodium disorders (OR=5.56; 95%CI 2.90-10.65), hypotension in the intensive care unit (OR=12.58; 95%CI 4.40-35.00) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (OR=13.57; 95%CI 1.51-121.66). CONCLUSION The development of coagulopathy is a frequent complication in patients with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury. Even though it is not closely associated with death in this study, it may be regarded as a marker of injury severity.
A Morphological Analyzer for Gulf Arabic Verbs

We present CALIMAGLF, a Gulf Arabic morphological analyzer currently covering over 2,600 verbal lemmas. We describe in detail the process of building the analyzer starting from phonetic dictionary entries to fully inflected orthographic paradigms and associated lexicon and orthographic variants. We evaluate the coverage of CALIMA-GLF against Modern Standard Arabic and Egyptian Arabic analyzers on part of a Gulf Arabic novel. CALIMA-GLF verb analysis token recall for identifying correct POS tag outperforms both the Modern Standard Arabic and Egyptian Arabic analyzers by over 27.4% and 16.9% absolute, respectively.
Graphite Based Electrode for ECG Monitoring: Evaluation under Freshwater and Saltwater Conditions

We proposed new electrodes that are applicable for electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring under freshwater- and saltwater-immersion conditions. Our proposed electrodes are made of graphite pencil lead (GPL), a general-purpose writing pencil. We have fabricated two types of electrode: a pencil lead solid type (PLS) electrode and a pencil lead powder type (PLP) electrode. In order to assess the qualities of the PLS and PLP electrodes, we compared their performance with that of a commercial Ag/AgCl electrode, under a total of seven different conditions: dry, freshwater immersion with/without movement, post-freshwater wet condition, saltwater immersion with/without movement, and post-saltwater wet condition. In both dry and post-freshwater wet conditions, all ECG-recorded PQRST waves were clearly discernible, with all types of electrodes, Ag/AgCl, PLS, and PLP. On the other hand, under the freshwater- and saltwater-immersion conditions with/without movement, as well as post-saltwater wet conditions, we found that the proposed PLS and PLP electrodes provided better ECG waveform quality, with significant statistical differences compared with the quality provided by Ag/AgCl electrodes.