Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Large urban outbreak of orally acquired acute Chagas disease at a school in Caracas, Venezuela.

BACKGROUND Trypanosoma cruzi oral transmission is possible through food contamination by vector's feces. Little is known about the epidemiology and clinical features of microepidemics of orally acquired acute Chagas disease (CD). METHODS A case-control, cohort-nested, epidemiological study was conducted during an outbreak of acute CD that affected a school community. Structured interviews were designed to identify symptoms and sources of infection. Electrocardiograms were obtained for all patients. Specific serum antibodies were assessed by immunoenzimatic and indirect hemagglutination tests. In some cases, parasitemia was tested directly or by culture, animal inoculation, and/or a polymerase chain reaction technique. RESULTS Infection was confirmed in 103 of 1000 exposed individuals. Of those infected, 75% were symptomatic, 20.3% required hospitalization, 59% showed ECG abnormalities, parasitemia was documented in 44, and 1 child died. Clinical features differed from those seen in vectorial transmission. The infection rate was significantly higher among younger children. An epidemiological investigation incriminated contaminated fresh guava juice as the sole source of infection. CONCLUSIONS This outbreak was unique, because it affected a large, urban, predominantly young, middle-class, otherwise healthy population and resulted in an unprecedented public health emergency. Rapid diagnosis and treatment avoided higher lethality. Food-borne transmission of T. cruzi may occur more often than is currently recognized.
"Go After the Women": Mothers Against Illegal Aliens' Campaign Against Mexican Immigrant Women and Their Children

INTRODUCTION 1355 I. INTERSECTIONALITY AND MOTHERING DISCOURSES 1363 A. Domesticity and Motherhood 1363 B. Latina Immigrants and Domesticity 1365 C. Race, Ethnicity, Class, Citizenship, and Unfit Mothers 1367 II. CONSTRUCTING ANTI-IMMIGRANT CAMPAIGN AGAINST IMMIGRANT MOTHERS 1370 A. Nativism and Mothering Discourse 1371 B. Establishing Economic and Security Threats 1380 CONCLUSION 1388
Cultural diversity and leadership: A conceptual model of leader intervention in conflict events in culturally heterogeneous workgroups

Purpose – To provide a new way of conceptualizing the leader's role in managing conflict for increased task and social outcomes in culturally heterogeneous workgroups (CHWs). Design/methodology/approach – The objectives of the paper can be met by hypothesizing the proposed relationships and testing them quantitatively using multiple regression.Findings – Finds that the effect of conflict in CHWs depends, in part, on the way the parties concerned manage it, and in particular the group leader.Research limitations/implications – The major limitation of the current research is that it is theoretical. Future research will now need to test the propositions put forward in this paper.Practical implications – The paper conceptually identified some skills and behaviors that are pertinent to effective leadership in culturally heterogeneous workgroups.Originality/value – The model presented in the paper and the research emanating from it should assist in training leaders for these workgroups.
The BtaF Trimeric Autotransporter of Brucella suis Is Involved in Attachment to Various Surfaces, Resistance to Serum and Virulence

The adhesion of bacterial pathogens to host cells is an event that determines infection, and ultimately invasion and intracellular multiplication. Several evidences have recently shown that this rule is also truth for the intracellular pathogen Brucella. Brucella suis displays the unipolar BmaC and BtaE adhesins, which belong to the monomeric and trimeric autotransporter (TA) families, respectively. It was previously shown that these adhesins are involved in bacterial adhesion to host cells and components of the extracellular matrix (ECM). In this work we describe the role of a new member of the TA family of B. suis (named BtaF) in the adhesive properties of the bacterial surface. BtaF conferred the bacteria that carried it a promiscuous adhesiveness to various ECM components and the ability to attach to an abiotic surface. Furthermore, BtaF was found to participate in bacterial adhesion to epithelial cells and was required for full virulence in mice. Similar to BmaC and BtaE, the BtaF adhesin was expressed in a small subpopulation of bacteria, and in all cases, it was detected at the new pole generated after cell division. Interestingly, BtaF was also implicated in the resistance of B. suis to porcine serum. Our findings emphasize the impact of TAs in the Brucella lifecycle.
Sweet Taste Receptor TAS1R2 Polymorphism (Val191Val) Is Associated with a Higher Carbohydrate Intake and Hypertriglyceridemia among the Population of West Mexico

Some high-carbohydrate diets may lead to obesity and multiple metabolic disorders, including hypertriglyceridemia (HTG). This lipid abnormality is considered an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. The sweet taste receptor TAS1R2 polymorphism (Ile191Val) has been reported to be associated with carbohydrate intake. The aim of this study was to analyze the association of the TAS1R2 gene polymorphism with carbohydrate intake and HTG among the population of West Mexico. In a cross-sectional study, 441 unrelated subjects were analyzed for TAS1R2 genotypes (Ile/Ile, Ile/Val and Val/Val) by an allelic discrimination assay. Biochemical tests and a three-day food record were assessed. The Val/Val genotype carriers had a higher intake of total carbohydrates, fiber and servings of cereals and vegetables than the other genotype carriers. The Val/Val genotype conferred a higher risk for HTG than the Ile/Val and Ile/Ile genotypes (OR = 3.26, 95%CI 1.35–7.86, p = 0.006 and OR = 2.61, 95%CI 1.12–6.07, p = 0.02, respectively). Furthermore, the Val/Val genotype was associated with approximately 30% higher triglycerides compared with Ile/Val and Ile/Ile genotypes (β = 44.09, 95%CI 9.94–78.25, p = 0.01 and β = 45.7, 95%CI 10.85–80.54, p = 0.01, respectively). In conclusion, the Val/Val genotype of TAS1R2 was associated with a higher carbohydrate intake and HTG.
Update on emerging drugs for sarcopenia – age-related muscle wasting

Sarcopenia – the progressive loss of muscle mass with advancing age is characterised by a deterioration of muscle quantity and quality leading to a gradual slowing of movement and a decline in strength and power. Sarcopenia is a highly significant public health problem. Frail elders often require assistance for accomplishing even basic tasks of independent living, and they are also at increased risk of serious injury from sudden falls and subsequent fractures. Since these age-related changes are largely attributed to the complex interaction of factors affecting neuromuscular transmission, muscle architecture, fibre composition, excitation-contraction coupling, and metabolism, the mechanisms responsible for these deleterious changes present numerous therapeutic targets for novel drug discovery. Objective: This review provides an update on some of the emerging drugs for sarcopenia that have been in development during 2005 – 2008. Methods: This is a review of the current status of emerging therapies and novel approaches for sarcopenia. Results: Considerable research and development in academic and research institutions and in large and small pharma is being directed to sarcopenia and related health issues; specifically the development and evaluation of novel therapeutic strategies to attenuate, prevent, or ultimately reverse age-related muscle wasting and weakness. Conclusions: Few, if any, drugs have been developed for sarcopenia specifically, but there are many existing and emerging drugs that have potential application for tackling age-related muscle wasting, particularly drugs for neurodegenerative diseases.
Attitudes, Incentives, and Tax Compliance

Our study examines whether combining experimental economics and economics psychology techniques can provide a better understanding of individuals’ tax compliance decisions in the laboratory. We find that considering individuals’ attitudinal, personality and intention measures in addition to economic based variables provides a richer understanding of individuals’ actual tax compliance decisions in the laboratory in the face of monetary incentives. We also find that hypothetical and actual compliance decisions in the laboratory are significantly different from each other. Specifically, we find that actual (hypothetical) compliance decisions are significantly influenced by their moral reasoning (anti-establishment) views. Finally, we find that individuals’ actual complianc decisions in the laboratory correlate more significantly with their admission of prior evasion than either their hypothetical compliance decisions or their responses to case scenarios. The latter result, coupled with the lack of appropriate field data on tax compliance, indicates that actual compliance decisions in the laboratory in the face of monetary incentives and with the use of tax terms in the instructions may be an ideal method of obtaining data on individuals’ tax compliance.
Morphological Characterization and Structural Features for High Drought Tolerance in some Omani Wheat Landraces

The study was conducted to characterize seven wheat (Triticum aestivum L. and T. durum L.) accessions from the arid and semi-arid areas of Oman using morpho-anatomical characteristics. Omani wheat germplasm had a great magnitude of variation in qualitative and quantitative morphological characteristics, and stem, leaf sheath and leaf blade anatomical characteristics. Modifications in the structural features related to drought tolerance were thick epidermis and cuticle, highly developed bulliform cells and dense covering of epidermal hairs for preventing water loss. Another feature is highly developed mechanical tissues with intensive sclerification, for providing a mechanical strength to soft tissues and preventing tissue collapse. All these structural modifications are of ecological importance, which can be extremely helpful in combating extreme aridity in these Omani wheat landraces.
Mechanisms behind gender differences in circulating leptin levels

Abstract. Hellström L, Wahrenberg H, Hruska K, Wahrenberg H, Reynisdottir S, Arner P (Danderyd Hospital and Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden). Mechanisms behind gender differences in circulating leptin levels. J Intern Med 2000; 247: 457–462.
A Clone-Pair Approach for the Determination of the Itinerary of Imprecise Mobile Agents with Firm Deadlines

In some applications, as part of a mobile agent mission, there may be the necessity of meeting a firm end-to-end deadline, although with some itinerary flexibility due to optional resources. In this paper it is considered an execution model where agents do not previously know their itineraries. The objective is to propose and to evaluate heuristics to be used by pairs of imprecise mobile agents that must accomplish a mission within a firm deadline.
P21WAF1, P27KIP1, TP53 and C-MYC analysis in 204 ovarian carcinomas treated with platinum-based regimens.

BACKGROUND The prognostic and predictive value of cell cycle regulatory proteins in ovarian cancer has not been established. We evaluated the clinical and biological significance of P21(WAF1), P27(KIP1), C-MYC, TP53 and Ki67 expressions in ovarian cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Immunohistochemical analysis was performed on 204 ovarian carcinomas of International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) stage IIB to IV treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. Multivariate analysis with Cox and logistic regression models was performed in the whole group, and in the TP53-negative and TP53-positive subgroups. RESULTS High P21(WAF1) labeling index (LI) was an independent positive predictor of platinum-sensitive response (P = 0.02). Overall survival was positively influenced by P21(WAF1) LI (P = 0.02) or by P21(WAF1) plus P27(KIP1) LI (P = 0.004) in the TP53-negative group only. Ki67 LI showed borderline association with disease-free survival (P = 0.05). Growth fraction was negatively associated with P21(WAF1) and P27(KIP1) indices in the TP53-negative group (P = 0.023 and 0.008, respectively), and these associations were borderline or lost in the TP53-positive group. Endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas differed from other carcinomas by having a low incidence of TP53 accumulation, a high incidence of C-MYC overexpression (70%) and a low median Ki67 LI (all with P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS We have shown an independent predictive value of P21(WAF1) LI in ovarian carcinoma patients. The prognostic value of P21(WAF1) and P21(WAF1) plus P27(KIP1) LI was determined by TP53 status. A high frequency of C-MYC overexpression in endometrioid and clear cell carcinomas may suggest its role in the development of these tumor types.
Synthetic High-Resolution Line Spectra of Star-forming Galaxies below 1200 Å

We have generated a set of far-ultraviolet stellar libraries using spectra of OB and Wolf-Rayet stars in the Galaxy and the Large and Small Magellanic Cloud. The spectra were collected with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer and cover a wavelength range from 1003.1 to 1182.7 Å at a resolution of 0.127 Å. The libraries extend from the earliest O to late-O and early-B stars for the Magellanic Cloud and Galactic libraries, respectively. Attention is paid to the complex blending of stellar and interstellar lines, which can be significant, especially in models using Galactic stars. The most severe contamination is due to molecular hydrogen. Using a simple model for the H2 line strength, we were able to remove the molecular hydrogen lines in a subset of Magellanic Cloud stars. Variations of the photospheric and wind features of C III λ1176, O VI λλ1032, 1038, P V λλ1118, 1128, and S IV λλ1063, 1073, 1074 are discussed as a function of temperature and luminosity class. The spectral libraries were implemented into the LavalSB and Starburst99 packages and used to compute a standard set of synthetic spectra of star-forming galaxies. Representative spectra are presented for various initial mass functions and star formation histories. The valid parameter space is confined to the youngest ages of less than ≃10 Myr for an instantaneous burst, prior to the age when incompleteness of spectral types in the libraries sets in. For a continuous burst at solar metallicity, the parameter space is not limited. The suite of models is useful for interpreting the rest-frame far-ultraviolet in local and high-redshift galaxies.
SRLSP: A Face Image Super-Resolution Algorithm Using Smooth Regression With Local Structure Prior

The performance of traditional face recognition systems is sharply reduced when encountered with a low-resolution (LR) probe face image. To obtain much more detailed facial features, some face super-resolution (SR) methods have been proposed in the past decade. The basic idea of a face image SR is to generate a high-resolution (HR) face image from an LR one with the help of a set of training examples. It aims at transcending the limitations of optical imaging systems. In this paper, we regard face image SR as an image interpolation problem for domain-specific images. A missing intensity interpolation method based on smooth regression with a local structure prior (LSP), named SRLSP for short, is presented. In order to interpolate the missing intensities in a target HR image, we assume that face image patches at the same position share similar local structures, and use smooth regression to learn the relationship between LR pixels and missing HR pixels of one position patch. Performance comparison with the state-of-the-art SR algorithms on two public face databases and some real-world images shows the effectiveness of the proposed method for a face image SR in general. In addition, we conduct a face recognition experiment on the extended Yale-B face database based on the super-resolved HR faces. Experimental results clearly validate the advantages of our proposed SR method over the state-of-the-art SR methods in face recognition application.
Pesquisa em administração pública no Brasil: uma agenda para o debate

This paper analyzes the state of the art of research in public administration in Brazil. It also addresses an agenda of topics, theories and methodological approaches that can be useful for the researchers on this field. It argues that beca use the field is relatively new within the social sciences, it presents theoretical and doctrinaire limitations, which challenge the researcher to pursue more theoretical, doctrinaire and methodological rigor in order that the discipline may overcome its current stage.
DIAGRAMMATIC REPRESENTATION FOR A SPACE OF INTERVALS

The paper presents a two-dimensional graphical representation for the space of intervals and interval relations. It consists of the representation of the space of all intervals (the IS-diagram), and two diagrammatic representations of the space of relations between intervals: the W-diagram (based on the IS-diagram), and lattice diagram (for the neighbourhood lattice of the set of basic relations). Also, a set of new graphical symbols for the interval relations is proposed. Examples of application of the proposed representations to represent knowledge about interval algebra and certain interval problems are given, to illustrate the possibilities and advantages of the proposed representation.
[Retarded ejaculation].

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PENGEMBANGAN MEDIA PEMBELAJARAN IPA TERPADU BERKARAKTER PEDULI LINGKUNGAN TEMA “KONSERVASI” BERPENDEKATAN SCIENCE-EDUTAINMENT

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran IPA terpadu berkarakter peduli lingkungan pada tema konservasi dengan pendekatan science-edutainment. Metode yang dipakai untuk mencapai tujuan yaitu melalui penelitian pengembangan (Development Research) yang diarahkan untuk mengembangkan media pembelajaran IPA terpadu berkarakter peduli lingkungan tema konservasi bagi siswa SMP, yang berupa puzzle, crossword maupun squareword berbasis TIK. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa hasil belajar IPA terpadu tema konservasi mengalami peningkatan. Secara keseluruhan peningkatan (gain) hasil belajar sebesar 0,85 yang artinya peningkatannya dengan kriteria tinggi. Rata-rata total skor indikator karakter peduli lingkungan adalah 93,75 yaitu telah menunjukkan kriteria membudaya (MK) dikalangan siswa. The aim of this research is to develop a character integrated science learning media on the theme of conservation with science edutainment approach. The method used to achieve the goal of development through Research and Development (R and D) is directed to develop media integrated science learning environment characterized by caring conservation theme for junior high school students, in the form of puzzles, crossword and ICT-based squareword. The results of this study indicate that the integrated science learning outcomes increased conservation theme. Overall of the improvement (gain) learning outcomes of 0.85, means increase with height criteria. The average total score of the indicator is 93.75 environmentally conscious characters that have shown entrenched criteria (MK) among students.
[Clinical observation of combined surgery for cataract and glaucoma: phacoemulsification and viscocanalostomy].

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the therapeutic effects and safety of phacoemulsification-intraocular lens (IOL) implantation combined with viscocanalostomy (V-P) and compared the outcomes of phacoemulsification-IOL implantation combined with trabeculectomy (T-P). METHODS Combined phacoemulsification with corneal incision, foldable intraocular lens implantation and viscocanalostomy was performed in 30 eyes of 28 cataract patients with primary open-angle glaucoma. RESULTS Follow-up was performed up to 6 months after surgery. The mean intraocular pressure (IOP) of V-P group was (14.65 +/- 2.70) mm Hg (1 mm Hg = 0.133 kPa) with a mean pressure reduction of 10.33 mm Hg compared with IOP before the operation (P = 0.000). There were no statistical differences of the IOP within two groups during postoperative 1 week, 1 and 6 month (P = 0.661, 0.381, 0.526). Postoperatively, the best corrected visual acuities of V-P group were > or = 0.5 in 18 eyes (follow-up 29 eyes, 62.1%), 20 eyes (28 eyes, 71.4%), 24 eyes (30 eyes, 80.0%) at 1 week, 1 month and 6 months, but no statistical difference with T-P group, (P = 0.621, 0.702, 0.893). Complications of V-P group included: Descemet's membrane puncture 2 eyes (6.7%), Schlemm's tube puncture 2 eyes (6.7%) and IOP spikes 4 eyes (13.3% at 24 hours postoperatively). The V-P group showed a significantly less inflammation, hyphema and choroidal detachment than that in the T-P group. CONCLUSIONS Phacoemulsification-IOL implantation combined with viscocanalostomy is a safe and efficacious surgery with lower complications.
Dexterous Control of a Prosthetic Hand Using Fine-Wire Intramuscular Electrodes in Targeted Extrinsic Muscles

Restoring dexterous motor function equivalent to that of the human hand after amputation is one of the major goals in rehabilitation engineering. To achieve this requires the implementation of a effortless human-machine interface that bridges the artificial hand to the sources of volition. Attempts to tap into the neural signals and to use them as control inputs for neuroprostheses range in invasiveness and hierarchical location in the neuromuscular system. Nevertheless today, the primary clinically viable control technique is the electromyogram measured peripherally by surface electrodes. This approach is neither physiologically appropriate nor dexterous because arbitrary finger movements or hand postures cannot be obtained. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of achieving real-time, continuous and simultaneous control of a multi-digit prosthesis directly from forearm muscles signals using intramuscular electrodes on healthy subjects. Subjects contracted physiologically appropriate muscles to control four degrees of freedom of the fingers of a physical robotic hand independently. Subjects described the control as intuitive and showed the ability to drive the hand into 12 postures without explicit training. This is the first study in which peripheral neural correlates were processed in real-time and used to control multiple digits of a physical hand simultaneously in an intuitive and direct way.
Trötthet i fokus

Foreliggande studie har finansierats av Vagverket. Syftet med studien har varit dels att oka kun-skapen om var trotthetsolyckorna intraffar, dels att formulera hypoteser om vad som paverkar en fora .
Re: the p53 gene in breast cancer: prognostic value of complementary DNA sequencing versus immunohistochemistry.

Natl Cancer Inst 1996;88:832-4. (2) Rutqvist LE, Johansson H, SignorrUdao T, Johansson U, Fornander T, WUking N. Adjuvant tamoxifen therapy for early stage breast cancer and second primary malignancies. Stockholm Breast Cancer Study Group [see comment citations in Medline]. J Natl Cancer Inst 1995;87:645-51. (5) Rothman KJ. Types of epidemiologic study. Modern epidemiology. Boston: Little, Brown, 1986:58-9.