Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Update on the clinical utility of once-daily tacrolimus in the management of transplantation

Dear editor The review by Posadas Salas and Srinivas of the clinical utility of once-daily tacrolimus formulations in the management of transplant patients1 was timely and relevant. It is worth noting, however, the data were presented in a way that overlooked several key differences between two distinct once-daily tacrolimus formulations. These formulations differ in bioavailability, Cmax, Tmax, dose required to achieve target trough levels, and time to reach target trough. The specific formulation and dosing information of one product was detailed in this review (described as modified release 4 [MR-4]; Astagraf®, Astellas Pharma Inc., Tokyo, Japan), but no formulation or dosing details were provided for a very different once-daily tacrolimus formulation (LCP-Tacro™; Veloxis Pharmaceuticals A/S, Horsholm, Denmark) for which a thorough review was recently published.2 The latter product is currently approved in Europe and under review by the US Food and Drug Administration in the US. In presenting data in this review, the authors did not identify which product was investigated in each of the studies discussed. This could easily lead to misinterpretation of results or erroneous conclusions, ie, that both once-daily formulations are the same. In fact, a careful parsing of the data clearly demonstrates that they are not equivalent. Misunderstanding of this point could have a potentially serious impact on appropriate dosing, safety, and patient management in the post-transplant setting. Differentiation between the two products is needed to clarify what appear to be conflicting results of the studies presented in this review.
Social Dilemmas, Institutions, and the Evolution of Cooperation

The question of how cooperation and social order can evolve from a Hobbesian state of nature of a “war of all against all” has always been at the core of social scientific inquiry. Social dilemmas are the main analytical paradigm used by social scientists to explain competition, cooperation, and conflict in human groups. The formal analysis of social dilemmas allows for identifying the conditions under which cooperation evolves or unravels. This knowledge informs the design of institutions that promote cooperative behavior. Yet to gain practical relevance in policymaking and institutional design, predictions derived from the analysis of social dilemmas must be put to an empirical test. The collection of articles in this book gives an overview of state-of-the-art research on social dilemmas, institutions, and the evolution of cooperation. It covers theoretical contributions and offers a broad range of examples on how theoretical insights can be empirically verified and applied to cooperation problems in everyday life. By bringing together a group of distinguished scholars, the book fills an important gap in sociological scholarship and addresses some of the most interesting questions of human sociality.
Covariance regularization by thresholding

This paper considers regularizing a covariance matrix of $p$ variables estimated from $n$ observations, by hard thresholding. We show that the thresholded estimate is consistent in the operator norm as long as the true covariance matrix is sparse in a suitable sense, the variables are Gaussian or sub-Gaussian, and $(\log p)/n\to0$, and obtain explicit rates. The results are uniform over families of covariance matrices which satisfy a fairly natural notion of sparsity. We discuss an intuitive resampling scheme for threshold selection and prove a general cross-validation result that justifies this approach. We also compare thresholding to other covariance estimators in simulations and on an example from climate data.
Follicular dynamics following induced luteolysis and transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration of the largest follicle in dairy cows

In practice, many veterinarians inseminate cows 'blindly' 72 hours following a single injection of prostaglandin F-2 alpha (PGF(2 alpha)). In this paper we describe the results of a study in which we examined follicular growth dynamics following PGF(2 alpha) induced luteolysis, aiming at a better insight into the chances for pregnancy when cows are inseminated in a timed manner. A total of 62 dairy cows (CL>25 mm and largest follicle >12 mm) were enrolled in the study and divided over three treatment groups. On day 0 (start of the experiment) all animals received an intramuscular injection of 500 mu g cloprostenol, while 42 cows were subjected to ultrasound-guided trans-vaginal follicle aspiration of the largest follicle and were further subdivided into ablation 8.5 mm (n = 11), according to the size ( = 15 mm) significantly differed between the cows in ablation 8.5 mm and control cows (4.34 +/- 0.28 vs. 3.31 +/- 0.21 days, P 8.5 mm (P > 0.05). On the basis of the results of the present study, we conclude that cows bearing a CL and treated with one single luteolytic dose of prostaglandins exhibit large variations in the duration of final follicular maturation as a result of a variety in development status of the follicles present at the time of PGF(2 alpha) application.
Spectrum Sharing in Wireless Networks via QoS-Aware Secondary Multicast Beamforming

Secondary spectrum usage has the potential to considerably increase spectrum utilization. In this paper, quality-of-service (QoS)-aware spectrum underlay of a secondary multicast network is considered. A multiantenna secondary access point (AP) is used for multicast (common information) transmission to a number of secondary single-antenna receivers. The idea is that beamforming can be used to steer power towards the secondary receivers while limiting sidelobes that cause interference to primary receivers. Various optimal formulations of beamforming are proposed, motivated by different ldquocohabitationrdquo scenarios, including robust designs that are applicable with inaccurate or limited channel state information at the secondary AP. These formulations are NP-hard computational problems; yet it is shown how convex approximation-based multicast beamforming tools (originally developed without regard to primary interference constraints) can be adapted to work in a spectrum underlay context. Extensive simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approaches and provide insights on the tradeoffs between different design criteria.
Power Consumption Estimations vs Measurements for FPGA-Based Security Cores

Power analysis is an important and efficient mean for side channel attacks on security applications. By monitoring devices' power consumption during various operations it is possible to collect security information (e.g. the encryption key). These power drop-offs counter effects could be reduced or even eliminated, if accurate power estimations could be achieved on the early design cycles. It is crucial for the designers, to be able to evaluate accurately the power consumption during the development process, especially for the widely used, power consuming, security algorithms. This paper presents and compares the estimated and measured power consumption of security algorithms on both Xilinx and Altera FPGAs. The estimation numbers are produced using each vendor's commercial power estimation tool.The differences between measured and estimated power consumption, varied from 15.52% to 208% for the Xilinx devices and from 5.64% to 32.15% for the Altera device.As a result, although Altera's PowerPlay power estimation tool gene/rated more accurate results than Xilinx's Xpower tool, none of them seems to be yet mature enough for the very demanding security era.
Central limit theorem for the solution of the Kac equation.

We prove that the solution of the Kac analogue of Boltzmann's equation can be viewed as a probability distribution of a sum of a random number of random variables. This fact allows us to study convergence to equilibrium by means of a few classical statements pertaining to the central limit theorem. In particular, a new proof of the convergence to the Maxwellian distribution is provided, with a rate information both under the sole hypothesis that the initial energy is finite and under the additional condition that the initial distribution has finite moment of order $2+\delta$ for some $\delta$ in $(0,1]$. Moreover, it is proved that finiteness of initial energy is necessary in order that the solution of Kac's equation can converge weakly. While this statement may seem to be intuitively clear, to our knowledge there is no proof of it as yet.
Nearest Prime Simplicial Complex for Object Recognition

The structure representation of data distribution plays an important role in understanding the underlying mechanism of generating data. In this paper, we propose nearest prime simplicial complex approaches (NSC) by utilizing persistent homology to capture such structures. Assuming that each class is represented with a prime simplicial complex, we classify unlabeled samples based on the nearest projection distances from the samples to the simplicial complexes. We also extend the extrapolation ability of these complexes with a projection constraint term. Experiments in simulated and practical datasets indicate that compared with several published algorithms, the proposed NSC approaches achieve promising performance without losing the structure representation.
Parameter optimization for intelligent phishing detection using Adaptive Neuro-Fuzzy

Phishing attacks has been growing rapidly in the past few years. As a result, a number of approaches have been proposed to address the problem. Despite various approaches proposed such as feature-based and blacklist-based via machine learning techniques, there is still a lack of accuracy and real-time solution. Most approaches applying machine learning techniques requires that parameters are tuned to solve a problem, but parameters are difficult to tune to a desirable output. This study presents a parameter tuning framework, using adaptive Neuron-fuzzy inference system with comprehensive data to maximize systems performance. Extensive experiment was conducted. During ten-fold cross-validation, the data is split into training and testing pairs and parameters are set according to desirable output and have achieved 98.74% accuracy. Our results demonstrated higher performance compared to other results in the field. This paper contributes new comprehensive data, novel parameter tuning method and applied a new algorithm in a new field. The implication is that adaptive neuron-fuzzy system with effective data and proper parameter tuning can enhance system performance. The outcome will provide a new knowledge in the field.
Group Exercise in Chinese Preschools in an Era of Child-Centered Pedagogy

Guangbo ticao (group exercise) is a daily routine in Chinese preschools characterized by collectivity, discipline, and conformity. In this article we explore the question of why guangbo ticao has survived in an era of progressive educational reform in contemporary China. We use interviews with Chinese preschool teachers and children to argue that guangbo ticao is an implicit embodied practice that carries traditional Chinese cultural, ethical, and aesthetic beliefs, produces distinct meanings and pleasures, and meets important social needs.
Implementation of inclusive education programme in Malaysia

Taylor (2006) described inclusion as serving students with a full range of abilities and disabilities in the mainstream classroom with appropriate in-class support. Inclusion is defined as students with disabilities are being included in age appropriate mainstream classrooms where supports and services are provided to both students and teachers to enable the disabilities students to participate fully in academic and extracurricular activities as their peers in school communities (Snow, 2013).
Curves as traits: genetic and environmental variation in mate preference functions

Study of the genetic and developmental architecture of mate preferences lags behind the study of sexual ornaments. This is in part because of the challenges involved in describing mate preferences, which are expressed as a function of variation in ornaments. We used the function‐valued approach to test for genetic and environmental components of variation in female mate preferences in Enchenopa treehoppers (Hemiptera: Membracidae). These insects communicate with plant‐borne vibrational signals, and offer a case study of speciation involving sexual selection and environmental change. We focused on female preferences for male signal frequency, the most divergent signal trait in Enchenopa. Obtaining complete, individual‐level descriptions of mate preferences in a full‐sib, split‐family rearing experiment, we document substantial genetic variation in mate preference functions. Focusing on traits describing variation in the shape of the preference functions, we further document considerable broad‐sense heritability and evidence of weak genotype × environment interaction in most traits. Against the background of recent and rapid divergence in Enchenopa, these results indicate potent mechanisms that maintain variation and sustain the involvement of mate preferences in sexual selection.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASI DAN PENGAWASAN TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN DENGAN KOMITMEN ORGANISASI SEBAGAI VARIABEL MODERATING PADA KOPEGA PLN SEKTOR PRIOK JAKARTA

ABSTRAK Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk menentukan bagaimana besarnya pengaruh Budaya Organisasi dan Pengawasan terhadap Kinerja karyawan dengan Komitmen organisasi sebagai variabel Moderating. Variabel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Budaya Organisasi, Pengawasan sebagai variabel independent, Kinerja karyawan sebagai variabel dependent, Komitmen organisasi sebagai variabel Moderating. Unit analisisnya adalah karyawan Kopega PLN Sektor Priok di Jakarta. Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 146 karyawan dengan sampel sebanyak 107 responden. Teknis analisis yang digunakan adalah Statistical Product and Service Solution(SPSS). Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa secara parsial, variable Budaya organisasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja karyawan, sedangkan variable Pengawasan berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja karyawan. Secara simultan variable Budaya organisasi dan Pengawasan secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Kinerja karyawan. Secara moderating, variabel Komitmen organisasi memperlemah pengaruh dari Budaya organisasi terhadap Kinerja karyawan tetapi berpengaruh signifikan dan Komitmen organisasimemperlemah pengaruh pengawasan terhadap Kinerja karyawan tetapi berpengaruh signifikan.Hasil penelitian ini dapat digunakan oleh peneliti berikutnya, sebagai referensi untuk memungkinkan bagi peneliti selanjutnya. Kata Kunci: Budaya Organisasi, Pengawasan, Kinerja karyawan dan Komitmen organisasi ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to determine how the influence of organizational culture and Supervision of employee performance with organizational commitment as moderating variables. Variables used in this study is Cultural Organization, Supervision as an independent variable, employee performance as the dependent variable, organizational commitment as moderating variables. The unit of analysis is the employee Kopega PLN Sector Priok in Jakarta. The population in this research were 146 employees with a sample of 107 respondents. Technical analysis is Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS). Results of this study prove that partial, variable Organizational culture significantly influence employee performance, while variable Supervision significant effect on employee performance. Simultaneously variable organizational culture and Supervision jointly significant effect on employee performance. By moderating variables Organizational commitment weaken the influence of organizational culture on employee performance but significant influence and weaken the influence of organizational commitment supervision of employee performance but a significant effect. The results could be used by future researchers, as a reference to allow for furtherresearch. Keywords: Cultural Organization, Supervision, employee performance and organizational commitment
Effects of the menstrual cycle on strength and power in female collegiate athletes

Thc effects ofthe rnenstrual cycle on strength and po、 ver,as reported in prcviOus researchrarc equivocal. Furtherlllore,the applicability of thc data ttolll these studics is lilnited,aS thcy typicaHy used Open chain tcsts,lengthy rest pcriOds bet、 vcen bOuts,and protOcOls testing sman muscles or isolated inuscle grOup activity. In sholt,thcse currcnt studies haVc nOt modelcd thc physiological dcmands of sports like sOccer,■ ad hockcy, and lacrosse,、 vhere cxplosivc maneuvers are pcrfolllled against a backdrop of cOntinuous acrobic activity;thus,they hav9_nOt adcquatcly.cxplorcd the affccts of tllc menstrual cyclc on strength and power. The purpOse ofthis study was to explorc the effccts ofthc menStrLlal Cyclc On elements Of strcngth and powcr as requircd in the aforementioned sports.Twenty ̈ fourたmalc athlctcs rcpo■ cd)ゃ r testing Oncc dpring cach Ofthc fOur menstrual Cycle phascs,which werё idendned by combining the mcthOd Of cOunting days on a caleidar and thc usc ofan ovё r― thc― countcr nlidstrcarn ovulation tcst kit. Pcak fbrce andrateOfforcedcvclopmentwcrcmeasuredduringanisOmetriclegpressandjump power was assessed using a 15′ sccond multiJump tCSt.Pro■ lc ofMood Statcs(POMS) and menstrual symptom data were also cOllectcd.Data werc analyzcd using fact6五 al ANOVAs with repeatcd measures.An alpha lcve1 0f.05 was uscd for all analyses.Pcak fOrce,ratё of fOrce dcvelopment,andjump power did iot differ signincantly across mcnstrual cyclc phascs.HOwever,rate offorce developmcnt across cycle phase was signiicantly different in suttectS With 3 or morc menstrual sympto血 s during menstruation.The data also shOw signiflcantly lower pcak fOrcc and rate of fbrcc dcvelopment in those suttectS using holll10nal birth cOntr01,though this flnding can possibly be eiplained by training status,as a greater,umber ofsuttectS ip the non=birth |
Determinants of effective ventilation during nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation.

Our aim was to verify in healthy subjects submitted to nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation (nIPPV) with a volumetric ventilator on controlled mode, whether changes in ventilator settings (delivered tidal volume (VT), respiratory frequency (fR) and inspiratory flow (V'I) could influence effective minute ventilation (V'E), thus allowing identification of the settings resulting in the highest V'E during nIPPV. We then compared these experimentally obtained "best" settings to those obtained retrospectively in a group of patients submitted to long-term nIPPV for clinical reasons. We studied 10 healthy subjects awake and asleep, and 33 patients with restrictive ventilatory disorders. Changes in delivered V'I (for a constant delivered VT and fR) led to significant changes in V'E. V'E was significantly higher when a given delivered V'E was obtained using higher fR and lower VT than when it was obtained using lower delivered fR and higher VT. Increases in fR generally resulted in increases in V'E. The "best" settings derived from these results were: VT: 13 mL.kg-1 of body weight; fR: 20 breaths.min-1 and V'I: 0.56-0.85 L.s-1. The corresponding average values found in the patient group were: delivered VT: 14 mL.kg-1; fR: 23 breaths.min-1 and delivered V'I: 0.51 L.s-1. Changes in minute ventilation resulting from modifications in ventilator settings can be attributed to the glottic response to mechanical influences. This leads to "ideal" settings quite different from the standard ones in intubated patients. Values derived from nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation in healthy subjects seem to apply to patients submitted to long-term nasal intermittent positive pressure ventilation.
Small-World Network Models of Intercellular Coupling Predict Enhanced Synchronization in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the hypothalamus is a multioscillator system that drives daily rhythms in mammalian behavior and physiology. Based on recent data implicating vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP) as the key intercellular synchronizing agent, we developed a multicellular SCN model to investigate the effects of cellular heterogeneity and intercellular connectivity on circadian behavior. A 2-dimensional grid was populated with 400 model cells that were heterogeneous with respect to their uncoupled rhythmic behavior (intrinsic and damped pacemakers with a range of oscillation periods) and VIP release characteristics (VIP producers and nonproducers). We constructed small-world network architectures in which local connections between VIP producing cells and their 4 nearest neighbors were augmented with random connections, resulting in long-range coupling across the grid. With only 10% of the total possible connections, the small-world network model was able to produce similar phase synchronization indices as a mean-field model with VIP producing cells connected to all other cells. Partial removal of random connections decreased the synchrony among neurons, the amplitude of VIP and cAMP response element binding protein oscillations, the mean period of intrinsic periods across the population, and the percentage of oscillating cells. These results indicate that small-world connectivity provides the optimal compromise between the number of connections and control of circadian amplitude and synchrony. This model predicts that small decreases in long-range VIP connections in the SCN could have dramatic effects on period and amplitude of daily rhythms, features commonly described with aging.
What Players do with the Ball: A Physically Constrained Interaction Modeling

Tracking the ball is critical for video-based analysis of team sports. However, it is difficult, especially in low-resolution images, due to the small size of the ball, its speed that creates motion blur, and its often being occluded by players. In this paper, we propose a generic and principled approach to modeling the interaction between the ball and the players while also imposing appropriate physical constraints on the ball's trajectory. We show that our approach, formulated in terms of a Mixed Integer Program, is more robust and more accurate than several state-of-the-art approaches on real-life volleyball, basketball, and soccer sequences.
Distinctiveness effects in self-prioritization

ABSTRACT The prioritization of self-relevant information has been shown in different selective-attention paradigms. Recently, in a new paradigm, formerly neutral material was associated with the self, a familiar person, or a neutral instance and, in a following matching task, the self-associated pairings were prioritized. To test whether this self-prioritization effect (SPE) might be explained by two different types of distinctiveness (distinctiveness due to self-relevance and distinctiveness due to differences in the stimulus material), we manipulated both types of distinctiveness asymmetries in this paradigm. Three experiments provide evidence that distinctiveness asymmetry due to semantic/grammatical differences influenced response times and signal detection rates. The data also show that the SPE remained reliable when controlling for the influence of grammatical distinctiveness. Thus, the results suggest that distinctiveness asymmetries do play a role in the matching paradigm, however, the SPE in the matching task is more than just the recoding of salient content.