Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Directivity of an antenna embedded inside a Fabry–Perot cavity: Analysis and design

The enhancement of directivity of a monopole located in a Fabry–Perot type cavity is studied. The analysis is based on the response of the cavity excited from its inside by electromagnetic waves. To validate the proposed antenna, an experimental prototype is designed, fabricated, and measured. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 48: 12–17, 2006; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.21249
Killing two birds with one stone: understanding Spanish VP idioms in and out of context

This article describes the results of a study conducted with twenty-eight adult third-year learners of Spanish in order to investigate (a) the degree to which idiom type affects the speed and ease of idiom comprehension and interpretation, and (b) the effect that context (or lack thereof) exerts on idiom understanding. Findings indicate that (a) there are significant main effects for LL and PLL idioms in both context and non-context treatments: (b) the use of context is of great importance in the construction of idiomatic meaning; and (c) the degree of opacity between target and domain idioms influences the speed and ease of VP idiom understanding, as well as the transfer of L1 idiomatic knowledge, in significant ways. Implications for the classroom and for future research are also discussed.
QUINACRINE IS MAINLY METABOLIZED TO MONO-DESETHYL QUINACRINE BY CYP3A4/5 AND ITS BRAIN ACCUMULATION IS LIMITED BY P-GLYCOPROTEIN

Quinacrine (QA), an antimalarial drug used for over seven decades, has been found to have potent antiprion activity in vitro. To determine whether QA can be used to treat prion diseases, we investigated its metabolism and ability to traverse the blood-brain barrier in mice. In vitro and in vivo, we identified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry the major metabolic pathway of QA as N-desethylation and compared our results with an authentic reference compound. The major human cytochrome (P450) isoforms involved in QA mono-desethylation were identified as CYP3A4/5 by using specific chemical and antibody inhibition as well as cDNA-expressed P450 studies. QA transport from the basolateral to apical side in multidrug resistance protein 1 gene (MDR1)-transfected Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells was markedly greater than in control MDCK cells and was inhibited by the potent P-glycoprotein (P-gp) inhibitor GG918 (N-(4-[2-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2-iso-1-quinolynyl)-ethyl]-phenyl)-9,10-dihydro-5-methoxy-9-oxo-4-acridine carboxamine). In MDR1-knockout (KO) mice, QA brain levels were 6 to 9 times higher after a single i.v. dose of 2 mg/kg QA and 49 times higher after multiple oral doses of 10 mg/kg/day QA for 7 days, compared with those in wild-type (WT) FVB mice. In contrast, the QA levels in plasma, liver, spleen, and kidney were similar after a single 2 mg/kg i.v. dose and <2 times greater after 10 mg/kg oral doses in MDR1-KO mice compared with WT mice. These results indicate that P-gp plays a critical role in transporting QA from the brain.
Visitor Meaning‐Making in Museums for a New Age

The concept of meaning-making is generating excitement within the museum community, with good reason. Providing an approach to understanding visitor experiences, the paradigm illuminates the visitor's active role in creating meaning of a museum experience through the context he/she brings, influenced by the factors of self-identity, companions, and leisure motivations. As a result, visitors find personal significance within museums in a range of patterned ways that reflect basic human needs, such as the need for individualism and the need for community. The dynamics of visitor meaning-making indicate the importance of fashioning a better “fit” between people and museums in two critical areas: (1) between human meaning-making and museum methods and (2) between human needs and the purpose of museums in society. Each of these areas illuminates a promising direction for a new age of museums in which we actively support, facilitate, and enhance the many kinds of meaning possible in museums and explicitly incorporate human needs into exhibit goals and institutional missions. Examples of successful strategies are discussed.
Children's Musical Preferences as Related to Grade Level and Other Factors

help meet this need, the writer conducted an investigation which attempted to answer the following questions: (1) What are the musical preferences of children at succeeding grade levels? (2) What factors are related to these preferences, and what is the extent of these relationships? Music educators, as a group, are not satisfied with today's programs in school music. They realize that there are many inadequacies, both physical and otherwise, and many unsolved problems. It is hoped that this study will enable music educators to consider more scientifically the following problems:
A 5-year follow-up of depressed and bipolar patients with alcohol use disorder in an Irish population.

BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) and affective disorders commonly co-occur, and this co-occurrence is mutually detrimental. To date, few long-term outcome studies exist involving patients with these comorbid disorders. We wished to determine treatment outcomes 5 years after inpatient integrated treatment in patients with these co-occurring disorders, and identify prognostic factors associated with long-term outcome. METHODS Two hundred and five depressed and bipolar patients with AUD who completed an inpatient integrated treatment program for dual diagnosis were assessed at baseline, posttreatment discharge, and at 3 months, 6 months, 2 years, and 5 years after treatment. RESULTS The retention rate at 3 months postdischarge was 95.6%, 75.6% at 6 months, 70.2% at 2 years, and 55.6% at 5 years. Depression, elation, anxiety, and craving scores all fell over the 5-year period, as did the drinking outcome measures in both the depressed and bipolar alcoholics. Each of the primary drinking outcome measures had independent prognostic factors: abstinence at 2 years predicted abstinence at 5 years; number of drinking days at 6 months and 2 years predicted number of drinking days at 5 years; number of drinks per drinking day at 6 months and 2 years predicted number of drinks per drinking day at 5 years. Moreover, the majority of nonabstinent light drinkers at 3 months, who had significantly reduced their mean weekly alcohol consumption since baseline, remained light drinkers at 5 years and very few went on to be heavy drinkers. Indeed, if they did alter category by 5 years, they tended to become abstinent. CONCLUSIONS Dual diagnosis of AUD and depression or bipolar disorder may be treated successfully together with intensive intervention and follow-up, and various prognostic factors emerge. Early abstinence predicts later abstinence, and the vast majority of those who achieve light drinking early in recovery remain light drinkers or become abstinent at 5 years.
Type-Supervised Domain Adaptation for Joint Segmentation and POS-Tagging

We report an empirical investigation on type-supervised domain adaptation for joint Chinese word segmentation and POS-tagging, making use of domain-speciﬁc tag dictionaries and only unlabeled target domain data to improve target-domain accuracies, given a set of annotated source domain sentences. Previous work on POS-tagging of other languages showed that type-supervision can be a competitive alternative to token-supervision, while semi-supervised techniques such as label propagation are important to the effectiveness of type-supervision. We report similar ﬁndings using a novel approach for joint Chinese segmentation and POS-tagging, under a cross-domain setting. With the help of unlabeled sentences and a lexicon of 3,000 words, we obtain 33% error reduction in target-domain tagging. In addition, combined type-and token-supervision can lead to improved cost-effectiveness.
Experiences of Sexual Objectification, Minority Stress, and Disordered Eating Among Sexual Minority Women

Our study extended a modified version of objectification theory to a sample of sexual minority women in order to understand their experiences with body image and disordered eating concerns. Specifically, reported experiences of heterosexist discrimination and internalized heterosexism were integrated into the objectification theory framework. A total of 243 U.S. sexual minority women (primarily White and lesbian) participated in our online study. Results of a path analysis and tests of direct and indirect relations elucidated the important role of heterosexist experiences in sexual minority women’s eating disordered behaviors. Moreover, internalized sociocultural standards of beauty and internalized heterosexism were important predictors of sexual minority women’s body image concerns. Overall, our results supported the applicability of tenets of objectification theory to sexual minority women, with some important modifications. Our study demonstrates the importance of attending to stressors that uniquely affect sexual minority women, which arise from a sexist and heterosexist sociocultural context.
Learning from a failed ERP implementation: a case study research

Purpose – Enterprise resource planning (ERP) projects failing to meet user expectations is a cause for concern as it often leads to considerable time and money losses. The purpose of this paper is to understand the causal factors for such failures in the Indian context.Design/methodology/approach – A scientific case study research methodology was followed. The unit of analysis: a failed ERP project followed by a successful one in the same organization. Data were collected through interviews, observation and study of archival documents. Analysis was methodical and validated through a triangulation approach.Findings – The results suggest that it is the manner in which key critical success factors (CSFs) such as top management support are operationalized; good project management; a smaller scope and a hybrid approach of integrating the legacy system with the ERP that facilitates adoption and leads to a succesful implementation.Research limitations/implications – The study extends the work of earlier research.
Design of Low Complexity Adjustable Filter Bank for Personalized Hearing Aid Solutions

The emerging demand for personalized hearing aids requires the filter bank of a hearing aid system to be capable of decomposing the sound waves in accordance with the characteristic of the patient's hearing loss. In this paper, an efficient adjustable filter bank is proposed to achieve this goal. By careful design, the number of the subbands as well as the location of the subbands can be easily adjusted by changing a 4-bit control signal. The proposed filter bank has extremely low complexity due to the adoption of fractional interpolation and the technique of symmetric and complementary filters. Only one prototype filter is needed for each of the stages, the multiple passbands generation stage and masking stage. We show, by means of examples, that the proposed filter bank can meet different needs of hearing loss cases with acceptable delay.
A lane control mechanism with fault tolerant control capabilities

The paper discusses the problem of lane departure avoidance for a vehicle. A corrective mechanism imposes its control action whenever the vehicle is no longer inside a nominal region centered along the middle of the lane. Set theoretic methods are used in order to design this control action and to guarantee global stability. Additionally, for the same lane departure avoidance system, a fault tolerant control mechanism is proposed in order to discard faulty sensors in a redundant measurement setting, thus guaranteeing stability even in the presence of faults.
A study of Mobile Instant Messaging adoption: within-culture variation

This paper examines how national culture values influence technology adoption at individual level, within-culture, in case of Mobile Instant Messaging (MIM) adoption. Four cultural dimensions were examined: uncertainty avoidance, collectivism, high/low context and time perception. On the basis of 837 samples, data analysis shows that uncertainty avoidance and collectivism moderate the relationship between individual's subjective norm and behavioural intention; uncertainty avoidance positively affects individual's innovativeness; context and time perception affect Perceived Usefulness (PU) and have no effect on the relationship between Perceived Enjoyment (PE) and intention. Implications of these findings are discussed.
THE INFLUENCE OF GENDER AND BRUXISM ON THE HUMAN MAXIMUM BITE FORCE

The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of gender and bruxism on the maximum bite force. The concordance for the physical examination of bruxism between examiners was also evaluated. One hundred and eighteen individuals, from both genders, bruxists and non-bruxists, with an average age of 24 years, were selected for this purpose. For group establishment, every individual was submitted to a specific physical examination for bruxism (performed by three different examiners). Subjects were then divided into four groups according to gender and the presence of bruxism. The maximum bite force was measured using a gnathodynamometer at the first molar area, three times on each side, performed twice. The two measurements were made with a 10-day interval. The highest value was recorded. The mean maximum bite force was statistically higher for males (587.2 N) when compared to females (424.9 N) (p<0.05), regardless of the presence of bruxism. The presence of bruxism did not influence the bite force (mean maximum bite force value for bruxists: 490.1 N, and for non bruxists: 522.1 N) (p>0.05). The concordance between examiners for physical examination of bruxism was considered optimal.
Early Intervention and the Development of Self-Regulation

Self-regulation is the key mediator between genetic predisposition, early experience, and adult functioning. This paper argues that all the key mechanisms underpinning the enduring effects of early relationship experiences interface with individuals' capacity to control (a) their reaction to stress, (b) their capacity to maintain focused attention, and (c) their capacity to interpret mental states in themselves and others. These three mechanisms together function to assist the individual to work closely and collaboratively with other minds. The paper proposes a reformulation of attachment theory constructs in terms of the quality of interpersonal interpretive functioning and the interpersonal strategies adopted by individuals to maintain optimal psychological distance between themselves and others, given their particular level of interpretive capacity.
A grounded theory approach to understand the process of decision making on fertility control methods in urban society of Mashhad, Iran

Background: More than 30% of pregnancies in Iran are unintended and most of them happen among the women who use various contraceptive methods. Results of Integrated Monitoring and Evaluation System (IMES) showed that the rate of innovative contraceptive use in Mashhad has been 41.5%-57% in different urban areas. This study was conducted to explore the process of making decision toward using family planning methods in women of reproductive age in urban society of Mashhad, Iran. Materials and Methods: In this grounded theory study, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 45 purposefully selected participants including 28 women and 17 key informants including family health providers and managers, and participants’ mothers and husbands, who lived in urban society of Mashhad, Iran, in 2011-2012. Participants’ recruitment continued until data saturation occurred. Data were analyzed using Strauss and Corbin's mode of analysis through constant comparative method, applying levels of open, axial, and selective coding with MAXqda software. Study rigor was confirmed through prolonged engagement, member check, expert debriefing, and thick description of the data. Results: The core category of “caring the comprehensive health of my family,” which emerged from the data, described the process of couples’ decision making toward using family planning methods in this study. Other developed categories which were presented into a theoretical scheme consisted of 1) shaping the ideas of fertility control, 2) developing cognition about the fertility control methods, 3) appraising available choices and choosing the most appropriate one, 4) managing the course of using methods, and 5) realizing the fertility intentions. Conclusion: It is important that family planning providers understand the motivations, perceptions, and knowledge of women about contraceptive methods in their contextual situation, which illustrates their mode of interaction in the arenas of family planning decision making.
Gestion urbaine de l'eau : de l'usager au consommateur vers une primauté des normes sur le politique

Dans quelle mesure la transformation du role des usagers des services urbains temoigne d'une mutation plus profonde de la place du politique dans la gestion des services ? Quel est le degre d'integration entre les activites de gestion des services urbains et les politiques locales ? Quelle est la place du debat et de la responsabilite politique locale, dans une gestion urbaine de plus en plus encadree par les normes et les revendications standardisees des usagers-consommateurs ? ; ; Au plan national, le processus concomitant de renforcement de la figure du consommateur et de normalisation de la gestion des services locaux contribue a disqualifier le pouvoir local et a limiter les marges de manoeuvre des collectivites. En parallele, au plan local, l'etude des comites d'usagers de l'eau montre que la reduction de la place du politique par les regles et les normes s'accompagne d'un evitement d'une participation citoyenne par les collectivites elles-memes. Or, en situation de crise, la consolidation du cadre reglementaire national d'une part, et les defaillances de la concertation entre collectivites et usagers, d'autre part, placent les decideurs locaux devant de vives controverses qui revelent une prise en etau du politique local, entre normes et redevabilite.
VopE, a Vibrio cholerae Type III Effector, Attenuates the Activation of CWI-MAPK Pathway in Yeast Model System

VopE, a mitochondrial targeting T3SS effector protein of Vibrio cholerae, perturbs innate immunity by modulating mitochondrial dynamics. In the current study, ectopic expression of VopE was found to be toxic in a yeast model system and toxicity was further aggravated in the presence of various stressors. Interestingly, a VopE variant lacking predicted mitochondrial targeting sequence (MTS) also exhibited partial lethality in the yeast system. With the aid of yeast genetic tools and different stressors, we have demonstrated that VopE and its derivative VopEΔMTS modulate cell wall integrity (CWI-MAPK) signaling pathway and have identified several critical residues contributing to the lethality of VopE. Furthermore, co-expression of two effectors VopEΔMTS and VopX, interfering with the CWI-MAPK cellular pathway can partially suppress the VopX mediated yeast growth inhibition. Taken together, these results suggest that VopE alters signaling through the CWI-MAPK pathway, and demonstrates the usefulness of yeast model system to gain additional insights on the functionality of VopE.
Where in the World Is Africa?

The current study investigates coverage of African nations by four US television news-casts. It focuses on the news period between 2002 and 2004 and reveals that despite presence of wide-scale famine, civil conflict, disputed elections and an AIDS epidemic, the African continent received limited coverage. Based on research on the determinants of international news coverage, the study investigates how deviance, relevance, cultural affinity and location in the world system may be used to predict coverage. Results identify trade with the US and gross domestic product as the two key predictors of coverage of African nations. In the discussion, the study's results are incorporated into the larger theoretical application of world system theory into research on the determinants of international news coverage.
It takes two to tango: the integration of people with disabilities into society

The concept of integration is not well defined. It not known how people with disabilities experience integration. In this study qualitative methods were used. The aim of the article is to define a model of successful integration based on the perspectives of people with disabilities and people within their social environment. Integration consists of five elements: functioning ordinarily without receiving special attention, mixing with others that are not disabled, taking part in society, trying to realize one’s potential and directing one’s own life. Integration is obtained through a process of interaction between a person with a disability and society. This process is influenced by personal, societal and support factors. The individual with a disability and society have a mutual responsibility with respect to integration.
Structural abnormalities in frontal, temporal, and limbic regions and interconnecting white matter tracts in schizophrenic patients with prominent negative symptoms.

OBJECTIVE Imaging studies of schizophrenia have repeatedly demonstrated global abnormalities of cerebral and ventricular volumes. However, pathological changes at more local levels of brain organization have not yet been so clearly characterized because of the few brain regions of interest heretofore included in morphometric analyses as well as heterogeneity of patient samples. METHOD Dual echo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data were acquired at 1.5 T from 27 right-handed patients who met DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia with enduring negative symptoms and from 27 healthy comparison subjects. Between-group differences in gray and white matter volume were estimated at each intracerebral voxel after registration of the images in standard space. The relationship between clinical symptom scores and brain structure was also examined within the patient group. Spatial statistics and permutation tests were used for inference. RESULTS Significant deficits of gray matter volume in the patient group were found at three main locations: 1) the left superior temporal gyrus and insular cortex, 2) the left medial temporal lobe (including the parahippocampal gyrus and hippocampus), and 3) the anterior cingulate and medial frontal gyri. The volume of these three regions combined was 14% lower in the patients relative to the comparison subjects. White matter deficits were found in similar locations in the left temporal lobe and extended into the left frontal lobe. The patient group showed a relative excess of gray matter volume in the basal ganglia. Within the patient group, basal ganglia gray matter volume was positively correlated with positive symptom scores. CONCLUSIONS Anatomical abnormalities in these schizophrenic patients with marked negative symptoms were most evident in left hemispheric neocortical and limbic regions and related white matter tracts. These data are compatible with models that depict schizophrenia as a supraregional disorder of multiple, distributed brain regions and the axonal connections between them.