Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship between urinary sodium excretion and pioglitazone‐induced edema

To investigate the factors contributing to pioglitazone‐induced edema, we analyzed sodium excretion and several clinical parameters before and after administration of pioglitazone. We analyzed these parameters before and after 8 weeks of administration of pioglitazone to female subjects with type 2 diabetes. When we evaluated whether a significant correlation was found between salt excretion and blood pressure, six patients showed such correlation and 20 patients did not. After 8 weeks of pioglitazone administration, five patients had developed edema, and, surprisingly, such correlation was not found in all five subjects. Salt excretion after administration of pioglitazone was significantly lower in subjects who developed edema and those who showed the correlation, and the hematocrit was significantly lower after administration in the subjects who showed the correlation, but not in the edema group. Pioglitazone‐induced edema would be caused not only by fluid retention, but also by other factors, such as vascular permeability. (J Diabetes Invest, doi: 10.1111/ j.2040‐1124.2010.00046.x, 2010)
Is the End of Supervised Parsing in Sight?

How far can we get with unsupervised parsing if we make our training corpus several orders of magnitude larger than has hitherto be attempted? We present a new algorithm for unsupervised parsing using an all-subtrees model, termed U-DOP*, which parses directly with packed forests of all binary trees. We train both on Penn’s WSJ data and on the (much larger) NANC corpus, showing that U-DOP* outperforms a treebank-PCFG on the standard WSJ test set. While U-DOP* performs worse than state-of-the-art supervised parsers on handannotated sentences, we show that the model outperforms supervised parsers when evaluated as a language model in syntax-based machine translation on Europarl. We argue that supervised parsers miss the fluidity between constituents and non-constituents and that in the field of syntax-based language modeling the end of supervised parsing has come in sight.
Low leakage mask vertical control TCAM for network router

Ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) is generally used in the network router since it can perform the parallel IP lookup. However, the power consumption of traditional router is considerable. Particularly, the leakage power will increase as the technology feature size shrinks. In this paper, a TCAM architecture with mask vertical control (MVC) technique is proposed to reduce the leakage power of network router. In the forwarding table, based on the IP stored in order of prefix length, the MVC technique can turn off the unnecessary power supply to reduce the leakage power. The TCAM with the MVC technique was simulated by using the TSMC 90 nm process. Compared with the traditional TCAM architecture, the MVC scheme can achieve about 21% leakage power reduction.
The X-Ray Spectrum of SAX J1808.4–3658

We report on the X-ray spectrum of the 401 Hz X-ray pulsar and type I burst source SAX J1808.4-3658 during its 1998 April/May hard outburst. The observations were made with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) over a period of 3 weeks. The spectrum is well described by a power law with a photon index of 1.86±0.01 that is exponentially cutoff at high energies. Excess soft emission above the power law is present as well as a weak Fe-K line. This is the first truly simultaneous broadband (2.5-250 keV) spectrum of a type I burst source in the hard state. The spectrum is consistent with other hard-state burster spectra that cover either only the soft (1-20 keV) or hard (≳20 keV) bands or cover both, but not simultaneously. The cutoff power-law spectrum resembles that of black hole candidates in their low states observed with RXTE. We compare theSAX J1808.4-3658 spectrum to three black hole candidates and find that the power law is somewhat softer. This suggests that the photon index may provide a way to distinguish between low-state emission from Galactic black holes and type I bursters.
Effect of various culture media on tomato transplant production

The Soilless culture system is one of the greenhouse culture methods that is needed to the more condensed farming performances than the field culturing and are using a wide range of culture media. Hence in order to achieve the best and most appropriate culture medium to production of healthy, strong and homogeneous transplant, reduction of production costs and seed waste and to reach the best mixture for seed germination of greenhouse tomato, an experiment was performed with one cultivar of greenhouse tomato (ES 5124) in 5 beds and 9 different combinations in a completely randomized design with 4 replications in Jahrom city (Fars province). Some traits such as root number, root and shoot fresh and dry weight, length and diameter of transplants in 4-5 leaf stage was measured. The results showed that produced seedlings had better conditions in peat moss media and they were in the highest values. In addition, peat moss and coco-peat as pure form or mixed with sand, had better results than other media and cultivation in soil and caca-peat (palmpeat) media were not suitable for tomato transplant production.
Determinants of Economic Growth: Will Data Tell?

Many factors inhibiting and facilitating economic growth have been suggested. Can agnostics rely on international income data to tell them which matter? We find that agnostic priors lead to conclusions that are sensitive to differences across available income estimates. For example, the PWT 6.2 revision of the 1960-96 income estimates in the PWT 6.1 leads to substantial changes regarding the role of government, international trade, demography, and geography. We conclude that margins of error in international income estimates appear too large for agnostic growth empirics.
A Moore bound for simplicial complexes

Let X be a d‐dimensional simplicial complex with N faces of dimension d − 1. Suppose that every (d − 1)‐face of X is contained in at least k ⩾ d + 2 faces of X, of dimension d. Extending the classical Moore bound for graphs, it is shown that X must contain a ball B of radius at most ⌈log k−d N ⌉ whose d‐dimensional homology Hd(B) is non‐zero. The Ramanujan complexes constructed by Lubotzky, Samuels and Vishne are used to show that this upper bound on the radius of B cannot be improved by more than a multiplicative constant factor.
Demarginalizing the sexual self

For anyone, the expression of one's particular sexuality can be difficult even within the framework of an intimate relationship. On the Internet, however, many barriers to such expression (e.g., fears of embarrassment, rejection) are absent and individuals may feel freer to express their sexual needs there. We propose a process model by which these embarrassing aspects of an individual's sexuality become demarginalized through identity‐relevant sexual activity: Those barred from expressing important sexual needs in their offline relationships will be more likely to turn to the Internet to do so. Greater expression of the sexual‐self online leads to increased importance of that identity and then to real‐world consequences for oneself and one's relationships. We report two studies testing this model.
A simulation of the economic and financial efficiency of activities associated with beef cattle pasture

This work aims to compare economic and financial efficiency of renovation and maintaining pastures in different systems to produce beef cattle. Was simulated three different production systems (Brazilian Cerrado), characterized as extensive, semi-intensive, and intensive, and considering the following annual renovation and maintenance rates, respectively: 0% and 25% for intensive; 7% and 33% for the semi-intensive system; and 10% and 40% for the intensive system. The extensive system yielded the lowest gross profit, of US$ 37,359, followed by the semi-intensive system with US$ 78,464, and the intensive system with US$ 150,880. The net present value (NPV) was higher in the intensive system US$ 1,277,593 and smaller in extensive system US$ 347,803 as well as the internal rate of return (IRR) and other financial analysis, pointing out the existing increment between systems. The economic efficiency determined through the sensitivity analysis showed that extensive systems require a revenue growth of up to 5.48% annually, whereas intensive requires a rate of 1.85%. The costs to renovation and maintaining pastures generated high monetary values, though due to the profitability for in each system. This indicates that the systems can pay for such activities while also generating a profit. However, the financial risk is presented to the most extensive A simulation of the economic and financial efficiency of activities associated with beef cattle pasture Gaspar, A.O. ; Brumatti, R.C. ; Paula, L.A. ; Dias, A.M. Custos e @gronegócio on line v. 14, n. 1, Jan/Mar 2018. ISSN 1808-2882 www.custoseagronegocioonline. com.br 75 producers, a fact that may explain the difficulties to improve the production rates of the Brazilian beef cattle.
QT Interval Dispersion Analysis in Patients Undergoing Left Partial Ventriculectomy (Batista Operation)

Background: QT interval dispersion (QTd) has been valued as a marker of increased vulnerability for cardiac arrhythmias. QTd was analyzed in patients undergoing the left partial ventriculectomy (LPV) or Batista operation, a palliative surgery for patients in the line for heart transplantation, which is associated with complex arrhythmia and death from sustained ventricular tachyarrhythmia (SVT).
Characterization of 3D stacked high resistivity Si interposers with polymer TSV liners for 3D RF module

The material designs of the Si interposers are optimized for a 3D RF module. The high resistivity Si wafers are used for the Si interposer fabrication: 1,000 Ω·cm ~ 10,000 Ω·cm. To reduce the capacitance and mechanical stress between Cufilled TSV and Si substrate, a polyimide insulation layer is applied as a TSV liner. We designs several types of the transmission line structures and measures their electrical properties. For the 3D interconnection between the Si interposers, fluxing underfill material is developed and used as a pre-applied underfill for the thermocompression bonding process. With these optimizations of materials design of the Si interposers, the microstrip line shows the electrical loss of 0.065 dB/mm at 10 GHz, and the insertion loss of the vertical transition is 0.4 dB at 10 GHz.
Accommodation of the Bandwidth of Large Cache Blocks Using Cache/Memory Link Compression

The mismatch between processor and memory speed continues to make design issues for memory hierarchies important. While larger cache blocks can exploit more spatial locality, they increase the off-chip memory bandwidth; a scarce resource in future microprocessor designs. We show that it is possible to use larger block sizes without increasing the off-chip memory bandwidth by applying compression techniques to cache/memory block transfers. Since bandwidth is reduced by up to a factor of three, we propose to use larger blocks. While compression/decompression ends up on the critical memory access path, we find that its negative impact on the memory access latency time is often dwarfed by the performance gains from larger block sizes. Our proposed scheme uses a previous mechanism for dynamically choosing a larger cache block when advantageous given the spatial locality in combination with compression. This combined scheme consistently improves performance on average by 19%.
Chapter 16 The effect of C 1-inhibitor in a murine model of transfusion-related acute lung injury

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UK guidelines on the management of iron deficiency in pregnancy

Iron deficiency is the most common deficiency state in the world, affecting more than 2 billion people globally. Although it is particularly prevalent in less‐developed countries, it remains a significant problem in the developed world, even where other forms of malnutrition have already been almost eliminated. Effective management is needed to prevent adverse maternal and pregnancy outcomes, including the need for red cell transfusion. The objective of this guideline is to provide healthcare professionals with clear and simple recommendations for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of iron deficiency in pregnancy and the postpartum period. This is the first such guideline in the UK and may be applicable to other developed countries. Public health measures, such as helminth control and iron fortification of foods, which can be important to developing countries, are not considered here. The guidance may not be appropriate to all patients and individual patient circumstances may dictate an alternative approach.
Policy Issues Regarding the Overrepresentation of Incarcerated Aboriginal Young Offenders in a Canadian Context

Over-representation of visible minority youth in youth prisons is evident in most advanced industrial and liberal democratic countries. In Canada, federal and provincial governments have initiated policy strategies to counteract the over-representation of Aboriginal offenders. One critical national initiative, the 2003 Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA), explicitly acknowledges the special status of Aboriginal youth. The current study examines (1) whether the YCJA has reduced the over-representation of Aboriginal young offenders in prison, and (2) whether the risk factor and offence profiles of incarcerated Aboriginal young offenders differ from Caucasian young offenders. Policy implications for Canada and other countries are discussed.
A post-liberal peace: Eirenism and the everyday

Abstract The ‘liberal peace’ is undergoing a crisis of legitimacy at the level of the everyday in post-conflict environments. In many such environments; different groups often locally constituted perceive it to be ethically bankrupt, subject to double standards, coercive and conditional, acultural, unconcerned with social welfare, and unfeeling and insensitive towards its subjects. It is tied to Western and liberal conceptions of the state, to institutions, and not to the local. Its post-Cold War moral capital, based upon its more emancipatory rather than conservative claims, has been squandered as a result, and its basic goal of a liberal social contract undermined. Certainly, since 9/11, attention has been diverted into other areas and many, perhaps promising peace processes have regressed. This has diverted attention away from a search for refinements, alternatives, for hybrid forms of peace, or for empathetic strategies through which the liberal blueprint for peace might coexist with alternatives. Yet from these strategies a post-liberal peace might emerge via critical research agendas for peacebuilding and for policymaking, termed here, eirenist. This opens up a discussion of an everyday ‘post-liberal peace’ and critical policies for peacebuilding.
General Design of Multiway Multisection Power Dividers by Interconnecting Two-Way Dividers

It is common practice to design multiway power dividers by interconnecting two-way power dividers. Transmission lines are used to link the two-way dividers. This paper investigates the performance of the interconnected power divider and the effects of the interconnecting transmission lines. In particular, it will be shown that the performance of multiway dividers constructed by interconnecting even-number-section two-way dividers deteriorates significantly as the number of output ports increases. The interconnecting lines can be used to improve the performance of such dividers.
Uncouplers of Spinach Chloroplast Photosynthetic Phosphorylation.

tion at pH 5.5 resulted in preferential destruction of IC photoreduction ability. 4. Addition of zinc ion preferentially inhibited the photooxidation of ascorbic acid. 5. Treatment of chloroplasts with digitonin resulted in a drastic loss of ability to catalyze the Hill reaction and IC photoreduction, yet yielded a preparation which was over 6 times as active in terms of ascorbic acid photooxidation. 6. These results are briefly discussed in terms of reaction mechanisms for these 3 photochemical reactions.
The Reversal of the Hepatorenal Syndrome in Four Pediatric Patients Following Successful Orthotopic Liver Transplantation

Four pediatric patients are presented in whom profound renal failure (hepatorenal syndrome) developed in association with severe end-stage liver disease. All four patients had successful orthotopic liver transplantation. Special emphasis is given to the preoperative and postoperative renal function in the patients, and the criteria used to establish the diagnosis of the hepatorenal syndrome are discussed. In the initial work on liver transplantation and reversal of the hepatorenal syndrome, two of the three patients recovered renal function but died in the perioperative period.1 The four patients presented in this report have not only had reversal of the hepatorenal syndrome after successful orthotopic liver transplantation but have also survived long term. The four patients have been followed up for periods ranging from 18 months to 4.5 years. Three of the four patients have maintained near normal renal function, whereas the fourth patient (who had a left nephrectomy for obstruction and sepsis) has had a significant decline in renal function.
Exercise tolerance in asymptomatic patients with moderate-severe valvular heart disease and preserved ejection fraction

Introduction For asymptomatic patients with moderate-severe valvular heart disease, in whom symptoms may be obscured, objective exercise tolerance measures are warranted for decisions concerning physical activities and surgical treatment. Material and methods We compared 61 patients (39 with aortic stenosis, 22 with aortic or mitral regurgitation) to 23 controls without valvular heart disease but with indications for stress testing. All participants underwent cardiopulmonary function testing and dobutamine stress echocardiography. Blood was drawn before as well as after bicycle stress to assess high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hscTnT). Patients who underwent surgery were re-evaluated 1.5 ±0.9 years after the operation. Results Conventional bicycle test following guideline criteria revealed a pathologic result in 26% of the patients, whereas spiroergometry showed an objectively reduced exercise tolerance in 59%, reaching a prognostically relevant feature in 39%. Stress echocardiography detected a reduced systolic reserve in 33% and elevated filling pressures in 62%. These abnormalities were significantly less present in the control group (4, 17, 9, 9, 4% respectively, p < 0.05 each). Baseline hscTnT detected patients with the prognostically important feature of reduced exercise tolerance (area under the curve 0.689 (95% CI: 0.546-0.831), p = 0.015). Objective preoperative exercise tolerance predicted sustained cardiocirculatory and myocardial dysfunction postoperatively. Conclusions Cardiopulmonary function testing and dobutamine stress echocardiography identify exercise intolerance in patients with asymptomatic valvular heart disease beyond stress-test criteria recommended in recent guidelines. High-sensitivity cardiac troponin I may be of additional value. Results of these tests presage post-operative function.
Gearshift control for automated manual transmissions

A gearshift control strategy for modern automated manual transmissions (AMTs) with dry clutches is proposed. The controller is designed through a hierarchical approach by discriminating among five different AMT operating phases: engaged, slipping-opening, synchronization, go-to-slipping, and slipping-closing. The control schemes consist of decoupled and cascaded feedback loops based on measurements of engine speed, clutch speed, and throwout bearing position, and on estimation of the transmitted torque. Models of driveline, dry clutch, and controlled actuator are estimated on experimental data of a medium size gasoline car and used to check through simulations the effectiveness of the proposed controller.
A New Scheme of Pilot Arrangement in OFDM Systems by using a feedback Branch

Channel estimation techniques for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex (OFDM) systems based on a pilot arrangement are investigated. Training based Channel estimation with a block type pilot arrangement is studied through an algorithm for determination of efficient number of pilot symbols in an OFDM symbol by adding a feedback branch. Channel estimation at pilot frequencies is based on Least Square (LS) method while channel interpolation is done using linear interpolation. At the end the influence of the new algorithm on three different Stanford University Interim (SUI) channels are simulated. It will be shown that with this technique a dramatic amount of assigned bandwidth for channel estimation can be saved for data transmission. Also, the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance in the proposed system remains approximately constant in comparison with the state that the maximum numbers of pilot symbols are sent.
Aerosol infection of animals with strains of Legionella pneumophila of different virulence: comparison with intraperitoneal and intranasal routes of infection

SUMMARY Infection of guinea-pigs by intranasal (i.n.) instillation of 109 viable organisms of two newly isolated strains of Legionella pneumophila (74/81, serogroup 1; 166/81, serogroup 3) did not induce disease, but 104 organisms administered as a small particle aerosol (< 5 μm diameter) produced a fatal widespread bronchopneumonia within 3 days. Milder illness and less extensive bronchopneumonia were also produced in rhesus monkeys and marmosets by one of these two strains (74/81). Mice were resistant to induction of disease by aerosols of both these two strains, though organisms did persist in the lungs for at least 4 days. Both of these L. pneumophila strains were pathogenic for guinea-pigs by aerosol infection over a wide range of doses but the serogroup 1 type strain (NCTC 11192) was not. There was no mortality after infection of guinea-pigs by intranasal instillation of any of these strains but all proved to be fatal after intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of large doses. Guinea-pigs, rhesus monkeys and marmosets exposed to aerosol infection with L. pneumophila provide relevant models for studying the pathogenesis of Legionnaires' disease.
Ecology and Evolution of Multigenomic Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form extremely important mutualistic symbioses with most plants. Their role in nutrient acquisition, plant community structure, plant diversity, and ecosystem productivity and function has been demonstrated in recent years. New findings on the genetics and biology of AMF also give us a new picture of how these fungi exist in ecosystems. In this article, I bring together some recent findings that indicate that AMF have evolved to contain multiple genomes, that they connect plants together by a hyphal network, and that these different genomes may potentially move around in this network. These findings show the need for more intensive studies on AMF population biology and genetics in order to understand how they have evolved with plants, to better understand their ecological role, and for applying AMF in environmental management programs and in agriculture. A number of key features of AMF population biology have been identified for future studies and most of these concern the need to understand drift, selection, and genetic exchange in multigenomic organisms, a task that has not previously presented itself to evolutionary biologists.