Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A hierarchical approach for semi-structured document indexing and terminology extraction

Many approaches of terminology extraction make use of contextual information to acquire relations between terms. The quality and the quantity of this information influence the accuracy of the terminology extractor. In this paper, we assume that logical structure of documents constitute a rich source of contextual information which can be used to infer semantic relations between terms and thus construct a termino-ontological resource. We propose a top-down indexing method which attributes greatest importance to terms that appear in the head nodes of the document. Terms are weighted according to their position in the hierarchical structure of the document. Once documents are indexed, logical relationships between their fragments are mined to build a contextual network of terms. Links of this network help deduce semantic relations useful for terminology organization. A so extracted knowledge can be exploited as a mapping scheme in a domain-specific information retrieval (IR) system. We experiment our approach by taking the example of an Arabic corpus talking about animals.
p73: a Positive or Negative Regulator of Angiogenesis, or Both?

ABSTRACT The role of p73, the homologue of the tumor suppressor p53, in regulating angiogenesis has recently been extensively investigated, resulting in the publication of five articles. Of these, two studies suggested a suppressive role, while the others implied a stimulatory role for the p73 isoforms in regulating angiogenesis. A negative role for TAp73, the full-length form that is often associated with tumor suppression, in blood vessel formation, is consistent with its general attributes and was proposed to be effected indirectly through the degradation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1-α), the master angiogenic regulator. In contrast, a positive role for TAp73 coincides with its recently understood role in supporting cellular survival and thus tumorigenesis, consistent with TAp73 being not-mutated but rather often overexpressed in clinical contexts. In the latter case, TAp73 expression was induced by hypoxia via HIF1-α, and it appears to directly promote angiogenic target gene activation and blood vessel formation independent of HIF1-α. This mini review will provide an overview of these seemingly opposite recent findings as well as earlier data, which collectively establish the definite possibility that TAp73 is indeed capable of both promoting and inhibiting angiogenesis, depending on the cellular context.
The Role of Coaching for Relationship Satisfaction, Self-Reflection, and Self-Esteem: Coachees’ Self-Presentation Ability as a Moderator

Although theoretical and applied work has emphasized the critical role of coachee personality in the coaching process, little empirical research has identified specific personality traits as moderating variables. Drawing from social-psychological theories, we examined coachees’ ability to modify self-presentation, a major facet of the self-monitoring construct, as a moderator of the relationships between executive coaching and coachees’ satisfaction with the coaching relationship, career-related self-reflection, and self-esteem. Using a sample of managerial coachees who were either unemployed or at risk of becoming unemployed and who participated in a series of executive-coaching sessions, we found support for most of our hypotheses. Overall coaching as well as specific coaching factors were significantly and positively associated with relationship satisfaction and self-reflection. Overall coaching and transformative-learning dimensions of coaching (goal development and past reappraisal) related more strongly and positively to self-reflection among coachees high in self-presentation ability, whereas overall coaching and psychosocial dimensions of coaching (confidence enhancement and relationship building) related more strongly and positively to relationship satisfaction among coachees low in self-presentation ability. Therefore, our theoretical considerations and empirical results suggest that coachees differing in self-presentation ability respond differently to coaching in general and to specific coach behaviors in particular.
Home, habits, and energy: examining domestic interactions and energy consumption

This paper presents findings from a qualitative study of people's everyday interactions with energy-consuming products and systems in the home. Initial results from a large online survey are also considered. This research focuses not only on "conservation behavior" but importantly investigates interactions with technology that may be characterized as "normal consumption" or "over-consumption. " A novel vocabulary for analyzing and designing energy-conserving interactions is proposed based on our findings, including: cutting, trimming, switching, upgrading, and shifting. Using the proposed vocabulary, and informed by theoretical developments from various literatures, this paper demonstrates ways in which everyday interactions with technology in the home are performed without conscious consideration of energy consumption but rather are unconscious, habitual, and irrational. Implications for the design of energy-conserving interactions with technology and broader challenges for HCI research are proposed.
Parliamentary Activity, Re-Selection and the Personal Vote. Evidence from Flexible-List Systems

In this article, we analyse how the degree of parliamentary activity affects both individual MPs’ performance in the candidate selection process within the party and their popularity with voters at the electoral stage. We expect that parliamentary work of MPs matters less for voters’ evaluations of MPs because of limited monitoring capacities and lower salience attached to this type of representation. The empirical analysis uses data from recent elections in the Czech Republic and Sweden. During the analysed period, these countries further personalised their flexible list electoral systems. Our results suggest that parties hold MPs accountable mainly through the threat of non-re-selection rather than by assigning them to a promising list position. While there is no evidence that voters consistently reward MPs’ effort, the case of the Czech elections in 2010 shows that they may do so if context draws attention to individual MPs’ work.
Classroom Influences on Aggressive and Disruptive Behaviors of Students with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders.

Of any group of students with defined disabilities, students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) have one of the worst prognoses for successful academic achievement, school completion, and adjustment in adult life (Neel, Meadows, Levine, & Edgar, 1988; Wagner, D' Amico, Marder, Newman & Blackorby, 1992). Although a multitude of potential causes exists (cf., Leone, Fitzmartin, Stetson, & Foster, 1986; Lewis, 1988; Ruhl & Berlinghoff, 1992), many of the problems associated with children with EBD may be directly related to the aversiveness of the educational environment (Gunter, Denny, Jack, Shores, & Nelson, 1993; Shores, Gunter, & Jack, 1993; Sidman, 1989; Skinner, 1989). Students with EBD may engage in unacceptable behavior to escape or avoid the aversiveness of stimuli in schools (Gunter, Denny, et al., 1993; Shores, Gunter, & Jack, 1993). Factors such as students' home conditions, drug and alcohol abuse, and peer groups obviously are related to problems in school. Unfortunately, classroom teachers have little direct influence on these factors. Rather, teachers are responsible for assessing the school/classroom environment and using that environment to enrich students' educational programs. Implicit in this responsibility is that teachers develop classrooms that are positively reinforcing to students. This requires awareness of conditions external to the classroom, such as the factors listed above, but, more important, the ability to identify and modify sources of aversive stimulation in the school/classroom environment. The aversiveness of school may contribute to students' aggressive, disruptive, and other antisocial behaviors that often lead to failure in school and contribute to the lack of success in later life (Sidman, 1989; Skinner, 1989).
A Model of Destination Branding For Isfahan City: Integrating the Concepts of the Branding and Destination Image

The paper reviews the literature on destination branding, destination image and reasons for revisiting and recommending. The branding of destinations has gained popularity among city in recent years. The current study aims to develop and test a theoretical model of destination branding, which integrates the concepts of the branding and destination image. Specifically, the current study examines the relationships among brand associations (i.e., cognitive, affective, and unique image components), brand image (i.e., overall image of a destination), and tourists’ future behaviour. For this purpose, an empirical test was conducted in Isfahan city, which proved that successful destination branding was necessary to overcome its lack of clear destination image. The target population of this study was 190 domestic visitors, who stayed in the center of Isfahan.The results confirm that overall image is influenced by three types of brand associations and is considered a critical mediator between brand associations and tourists’ future behaviour. In addition, unique image had the second largest impact on the overall image formation, following the cognitive evaluations. The limitation of this study concerns the season of data collecting. It would be better to collect data in Iranian New Year vacation (Nowruz).
A simple approach to fairer hospital benchmarking using patient experience data.

OBJECTIVE To determine the factors contributing most to variability in patient experience in order to present approaches for fairer benchmarking of hospitals and for quality improvement. DESIGN Secondary analysis of data from a widely used survey on patient experience. SETTING Inpatients from all 24 acute hospitals in the Canton of Bern in Switzerland. Data collection followed the standardized and validated Picker Institute methodology for a period of 13 weeks in the fall/winter of 2005. PARTICIPANTS Inpatients age 18 years and older (n = 14 089), discharged within the sampling period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES 'Patient experience', measured by the total Picker Problem Score (PPS) and by six domain scores (care, communication, respect, cooperation, organization, discharge management). RESULTS In regression analysis, the patient factors self-reported health, age and education explained the highest proportion of variability in the PPS (4.8, 2.2 and 0.7%, respectively). Multiple linear adjustment for factors associated with patients removed between 29 and 33% of variability between hospital categories. The domain score means varied from under 5% for 'respect towards the patient' to 34% for 'discharge management'. Ranking of hospitals by domain scores differed from the ranking based on the total PPS. CONCLUSIONS Statistical adjustment for patient mix and additional stratification for some hospital factors make benchmarking using patient survey data fairer and more transparent. Use of our approach for presenting quality data may make interpretation easier for the different target groups and may enhance the relevance of such information for decision-making.
A quantitative analysis of aspects in the eCos kernel

Nearly ten years after its first presentation and five years after its first application to operating systems, the suitability of Aspect-Oriented Programming (AOP) for the development of operating system kernels is still highly in dispute. While the AOP advocacy emphasizes the benefits of AOP towards better configurability and maintainability of system software, most kernel developers express a sound skepticism regarding the thereby induced runtime and memory costs: Operating system kernels have to be lean and efficient.We have analyzed the runtime and memory costs of aspects in general, on the level of μ-benchmarks, and by refactoring and extending the eCos operating system kernel using AspectC++, an AOP extension to the C++ language. Our results show that most AOP features do not induce a intrinsic overhead and that the actual overhead induced by AspectC++ is very low. We have also analyzed a test case with significant aspect-related costs. This example shows how the structure of the underlying kernel can have a negative impact on aspect implementations and how these costs can be avoided by an aspect-aware design.Based on this analysis, our conclusion is that AOP is suitable for the development of operating system kernels and other kinds of highly efficient infrastructure software.
Managing Multiple Facets of Risk in New Product Alliances

The trend of forming alliances to develop new products continues; however, many of these new product alliances fail. As such we explore how key risk types intrinsic in new product alliances, performance, relational, and knowledge appropriation risks, influence alliance success. Further, we theorize that different alliance governance mechanisms can reduce the negative impact of risks on alliance success. To disentangle possible heterogeneous factors across firms that may affect the interplay of risk assessments and the use of governance mechanisms, we employ latent class regression analysis on survey data collected from 128 new product alliance firms and find support for a two-regime solution. Longer alliance relationships and lower technological turbulence are factors for some firms (regime one), while the opposite are factors for other firms (regime two). These two regimes show different patterns in the interplay of risk assessments and governance for alliance success. Our theory and results support viewing risk as a multiple-factor concept and by understanding the different impacts of the risk types in new product alliances and how governance mechanisms mitigate such effects, we aid managers' decision making regarding the balance of contractual versus normative governance in new product alliances. Understanding the heterogeneous factors inherent in these complex relationships enables managers to understand the conditions in which various governance mechanisms promote new product alliance success.
Differential Intracochlear Sound Pressure Measurements in Human Temporal Bones with an Off-the-Shelf Sensor

The standard method to determine the output level of acoustic and mechanical stimulation to the inner ear is measurement of vibration response of the stapes in human cadaveric temporal bones (TBs) by laser Doppler vibrometry. However, this method is reliable only if the intact ossicular chain is stimulated. For other stimulation modes an alternative method is needed. The differential intracochlear sound pressure between scala vestibuli (SV) and scala tympani (ST) is assumed to correlate with excitation. Using a custom-made pressure sensor it has been successfully measured and used to determine the output level of acoustic and mechanical stimulation. To make this method generally accessible, an off-the-shelf pressure sensor (Samba Preclin 420 LP, Samba Sensors) was tested here for intracochlear sound pressure measurements. During acoustic stimulation, intracochlear sound pressures were simultaneously measurable in SV and ST between 0.1 and 8 kHz with sufficient signal-to-noise ratios with this sensor. The pressure differences were comparable to results obtained with custom-made sensors. Our results demonstrated that the pressure sensor Samba Preclin 420 LP is usable for measurements of intracochlear sound pressures in SV and ST and for the determination of differential intracochlear sound pressures.
Better Predictors for Issue Lifetime

Predicting issue lifetime can help software developers, managers, and stakeholders effectively prioritize work, allocate development resources, and better understand project timelines. Progress had been made on this prediction problem, but prior work has reported low precision and high false alarms. The latest results also use complex models such as random forests that detract from their readability. We solve both issues by using small, readable decision trees (under 20 lines long) and correlation feature selection to predict issue lifetime, achieving high precision and low false alarms (medians of 71% and 13% respectively). We also address the problem of high class imbalance within issue datasets - when local data fails to train a good model, we show that cross-project data can be used in place of the local data. In fact, cross-project data works so well that we argue it should be the default approach for learning predictors for issue lifetime.
Thermosonic ball bonding: friction model based on integrated microsensor measurements

A model of friction during thermosonic ball bonding is reported. The model is based on recent ultrasonic stress measurements during ball bonding using piezoresistive microsensors integrated below test bonding pads. At the bonding pad, the microsensor signal is a measure of the stress caused by periodic oscillation of the capillary and gold ball. The new model interprets the oscillation in terms of alternate periods of sticking and sliding during bond formation. The oscillation shape was examined using harmonic analysis and compared with electrical parameters from the ultrasound power supply. To further validate the model, test bonds were made on passivated test pads. The model was found to be consistent with the measurement data. Experiments were performed at temperatures between 35/spl deg/C and 200/spl deg/C.
Antifungal activity of azole compounds CPA18 and CPA109 against azole-susceptible and -resistant strains of Candida albicans.

OBJECTIVES In this study we investigated the in vitro fungistatic and fungicidal activities of CPA18 and CPA109, two azole compounds with original structural features, alone and in combination with fluconazole against fluconazole-susceptible and -resistant Candida albicans strains. METHODS Antifungal activities were measured by MIC evaluation and time-kill studies. Azole binding analysis was performed by UV-Vis spectroscopy. Hyphal growth inhibition and filipin and propidium iodide staining assays were used for morphological analysis. An analysis of membrane lipids was also performed to gauge alterations in membrane composition and integrity. Synergism was calculated using fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICIs). Evaluation of cytotoxicity towards murine macrophages was performed to verify selective antifungal activity. RESULTS Even though their binding affinity to C. albicans Erg11p is comparable to that of fluconazole, CPA compounds are active against resistant strains of C. albicans with a mutation in ERG11 sequences and/or overexpressing the ABC transporter genes CDR1 and CDR2, which encode ATP-dependent efflux pumps. Moreover, CPA18 is fungistatic, even against the two resistant strains, and was found to be synergistic with fluconazole. Differently from fluconazole and other related azoles, CPA compounds induced marked changes in membrane permeability and dramatic alterations in membrane lipid composition. CONCLUSIONS Our outcomes suggest that CPA compounds are able to overcome major mechanisms of resistance in C. albicans. Also, they are promising candidates for combination treatment that could reduce the toxicity caused by high fluconazole doses, particularly in immunocompromised patients.
Clinical effectiveness of a Pilates treatment for forward head posture

[Purpose] This study compared the effects of pilates and an exercise program on the craniovertebral angle, cervical range of motion, pain, and muscle fatigue in subjects with a forward head posture (FHP). [Subjects and Methods] A total of 28 sedentary females (age 20 to 39 years) with FHP were randomly assigned to pilates (n=14) and combined (n=14) exercise groups. The study was a randomized, controlled, double-blind study with the two groups performing exercise 50 min/day, 3 days/week, with an intensity of 11–15 rating of perceived exertion (RPE) for ten weeks. The main outcome measures were craniovertebral angle, cervical range of motion (ROM), pain levels assessed by visual analog scale (VAS), and neck disability index (NDI). Surface electromyography was also used to measure muscle fatigue. [Results] There were significant increases in craniovertebral angle and cervical ROM in the pilates group, but none in the control group. The only significant differences in muscle activity were recorded in the sternocleidomastoid muscle in the pilates group. Both exercise programs had positive effects on pain measures, as VAS and NDI were significantly decreased. [Conclusion] The results suggest that pilates could be recommended as an appropriate exercise for treatment of FHP in sedentary individuals.
Elementary Loops Revisited

The notions of loops and loop formulas play an important role in answer set computation. However, there would be an exponential number of loops in the worst case. Gebser and Schaub characterized a subclass elementary loops and showed that they are sufficient for selecting answer sets from models of a logic program. This paper proposes an alternative definition of elementary loops and identify a subclass of elementary loops, called proper loops. By applying a special form of their loop formulas, proper loops are also sufficient for the SAT-based answer set computation. A polynomial algorithm to recognize a proper loop is given and shows that for certain logic programs, identifying all proper loops of a program is more efficient than that of elementary loops. Furthermore, we prove that, by considering the structure of the positive body-head dependency graph of a program, a large number of loops could be ignored for identifying proper loops. We provide another algorithm for identifying all proper loops of a program. The experiments show that, for certain programs whose dependency graphs consisting of sets of components that are densely connected inside and sparsely connected outside, the new algorithm is more efficient.
Why Should We Educate for Inquisitiveness

Inquisitiveness is a paradigm example of an intellectual virtue. Despite some extensive work on the characterisation of the intellectual virtues however, (e.g. Roberts and Wood, 2007; Baehr 2011) no detailed treatment of the virtue of inquisitiveness has been forthcoming in the recent literature. This paper offers a characterisation of the virtue of inquisitiveness considered within the framework of educating for intellectual virtue. As such, it presents the case in support of educating for inquisitiveness. The characterisation offered seeks to highlight in particular the distinctive relationship that inquisitiveness bears to the activity of questioning. On the basis of this relationship and in conjunction with an examination of the role that questioning plays in the learning process, it is argued that inquisitiveness is a primary intellectual virtue to educate for. In Part I the characterisation of
A Conceptual Framework for the Comparison of Fully Automated GUI Testing Techniques

Fully automated GUI testing techniques play an important role in the modern software development life cycles. These techniques are implemented by algorithms that automatically traverse the GUI by interacting with it, like robots discovering unexplored spaces. These algorithms are able to define and run test cases on the fly, while the application is in execution. Testing adequacy, performance or costs of such techniques may differ on the basis of different factors. In this paper we will propose an approach for comparing fully automated GUI testing techniques in a systematic manner. The approach is based on a generalized parametric algorithm that abstracts the key aspects of these techniques and provides a conceptual framework that can be used to define and compare different testing approaches. To validate the framework, we exploit it to compare the testing adequacy and the GUI models inferred by 9 fully automated testing techniques obtained by varying the configuration of the algorithm. The experiment is performed on a real Android application.