Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Low-Activity Waste Glass Studies: FY2000 Summary Report

Over 200 single-pass flow-through experiments were completed with LAWABP1 glass, the reference glass for the 2001 Immobilized Low-Activity Waste Performance Assessment. These data provided the kinetic rate law parameters and Na ion-exchange rate needed to conduct long-term performance analyses using the reactive chemical transport code STORM. Pressurized unsaturated flow (PUF) experiments with five prototypic LAW glasses were also performed. The PUF test provides a means to dramatically accelerate the weathering process in a simulated vadose zone environment. The performance of these five next generation LAW glasses in the PUF test (and other accelerated tests) improved dramatically from earlier glass compositions that were being developed by BNFL, Inc. No autocatalytic corrosion rate accelerations were observed in tests that were conducted for over 1 year. SPFT and PUF experiments were run with a commercial humic acid solution, 25 to 50 times more concentrated than expected in Hanford vadose zone pore water. No difference in glass dissolution rate versus the rate measured in deionized water could be detected within experimental error. Initial development and testing of a parallelized lattice-Boltzmann method for solving reactive chemical transport problems in complex geometries was completed. This method is being examined as a means to dramatically decrease themore » computational time required to solve complex multidimensional reactive transport problems needed to predict long-term radionuclide release rates from LAW glasses. The results showed linear speedup behavior with number of processors for a simple test problem. Additional development and testing of the model on more realistic and complex ILAW disposal problems is planned for FY01. « less
Tactical considerations in the middle-distance running events at the 2012 Olympic Games: a case study.

PURPOSE To identify tactical factors associated with progression from preliminary rounds in middle-distance running events at an international championship. METHODS Results from the 2012 Olympic Games were used to access final and intermediate positions, finishing times, and season-best (SB) times for competitors in men's and women's 800-m and 1500-m events (fifteen 800-m races and ten 1500-m races). Finishing times were calculated as %SB, and Pearson product-moment correlations were used to assess relationships between intermediate and finishing positions. Probability (P) of qualification to the next round was calculated for athletes in each available intermediate position. RESULTS There were no significant differences in finishing times relative to SB between qualifiers and nonqualifiers. In the 800-m, correlation coefficients between intermediate and final positions were r = . 61 and r = . 84 at 400 m and 600 m, respectively, whereas in the 1500-m, correlations were r = . 35, r = . 43, r = . 55, and r = . 71 at 400 m, 800 m, 1000 m, and 1200 m, respectively. In both events, probability of qualification decreased with position at all intermediate distances. At all points, those already in qualifying positions were more likely to qualify for the next round. CONCLUSIONS The data demonstrate that tactical positioning at intermediate points in qualifying rounds of middle-distance races is a strong determinant of qualification. In 800-m races it is important to be in a qualifying position by 400 m. In the 1500-m event, although more changes in position are apparent, position at intermediate distances is still strongly related to successful qualification.
The effects of exogenous melatonin on wool quality and thyroid function in Rasa Aragonesa ewes

The effect of melatonin on wool quality and thyroid function was studied. Ten ewes received a melatonin implant (M) on March 2004, and 10 ewes which were not implanted served as control (C). At monthly intervals over 12 months, fibre length and growth were calculated, and plasma thyroxine (T4) concentrations were measured. Wool samples (~N = 2000 fibres) were collected and fibre diameter, standard deviation and coefficient of variation of fibre diameter, spin fineness, comfort factor, 5% of fibres «x» µm above the mean diameter, curve, and clean yield were measured. In summer, M ewes had significantly lower plasma T4 concentrations than C ewes, with significant group (P < 0.05) and season (P < 0.01) effects. Melatonin ewes produced shorter wool than C ewes (P < 0.001) and, in autumn, the differences were statistically significant. Fibre growth did not differ significantly between groups. Throughout the year, M ewes produced wool with a fibre diameter (mean = 26.5 ± 0.2 µm) that was significantly (P < 0.01) shorter than C wool (means = 27.2 ± 0.5 µm). Overall, the melatonin treatment had a significant (P < 0.01) effect on mean comfort factor, and the differences between groups were significant (P < 0.05) in summer and autumn. The overall annual mean curve value of wool produced by M ewes (80.9 ± 1.7) was significantly (P < 0.01) lower than wool produced by C ewes (82.8 ± 1.3) and, in winter, the difference between groups was significant (P < 0.05). In conclusion, exogenous melatonin in spring positively affected medium- and long-term measures of wool quality. The physiological processes mediating these mechanisms remain to be elucidated.
Stigma in Cirrhotic Patients: A Qualitative Study

Stigma is one of the main problems of patients suffering from cirrhosis, and it causes many challenges for the patients and their treatment. The present study aimed to discover and define the perceived stigma by cirrhotic patients. This qualitative study was conducted through a content analysis approach. The participants were 15 patients suffering from cirrhosis. Data were collected via semistructured, in-depth interviews and analyzed on the basis of methods described by Granheme and Landman. During data analysis, stigma was categorized into four categories and 13 subcategories: external representation of social stigma (others' avoidance behaviors, inadmissible tag, discriminative behaviors of treatment personnel, blaming behaviors), internal representation of social stigma (social ostracism, social isolation, curiosity to perceive people's perceptions), external representation of self-stigma (fear of disclosure of illness, threatening situation, difficult emotional relationships), and internal representation of self-stigma (condemned to suffer, self-punishment, self-alienation). Experiencing stigma is common among cirrhotic patients and may affect patients' coping with the illness and treatment. Thus, it is specifically important that treatment personnel know patients' perception, provide comprehensive support for these patients, and plan to enhance public awareness about the disease recommended.
Mirror neuron system involvement in empathy: A critical look at the evidence

It has been proposed that the human mirror neuron system (MNS) plays an integral role in mediating empathy. In this review, we critically examine evidence from three bodies of research that have been cited as supporting this notion: (1) behavioral studies that have examined the relationship between imitation and empathy, (2) findings from functional neuroimaging studies that report a positive correlation between MNS activation and self-report on an empathy questionnaire, and (3) observations of impaired imitation and empathy in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In addition, we briefly review lesion studies of the neural correlates of imitation and empathy. Current evidence suggests that the MNS is broadly involved in empathy, but at this stage there has been limited consideration of its various forms, including motor, emotional, and cognitive empathy. There are also various forms of imitation, encompassing emotional and non-emotional, automatic, and voluntary actions. We propose that the relationship between imitation and empathy may vary depending on the specific type of each of these abilities. Furthermore, these abilities may be mediated by partially distinct neural networks, which involve the MNS to a variable degree.
Generation of T-cells reactive to the poorly immunogenic B16-BL6 melanoma with efficacy in the treatment of spontaneous metastases.

The B16-BL6 (BL6) melanoma is a poorly immunogenic murine tumor that is highly invasive and spontaneously metastasizes from the primary site. Utilizing an established anti-CD3/interleukin-2 (IL-2) culture procedure, we have previously reported that lymph nodes (LNs) draining immunogenic murine sarcomas contained preeffector cells that could be activated to differentiate into therapeutic effector cells for adoptive immunotherapy. By contrast, LNs draining the poorly immunogenic BL6 melanoma were found not to be a reliable source of preeffector cells. Instead, sensitization of preeffector cells reactive to BL6 required the subcutaneous inoculation of tumor admixed with Corynebacterium parvum. LN cells draining these vaccination sites demonstrated therapeutic efficacy only after subsequent anti-CD3/IL-2 activation. The sensitization of preeffector cells was dependent on the presence of tumor antigen and an optimal dose of C. parvum (< or = 50 micrograms). Furthermore, kinetic analysis revealed that the preeffector response was transient after tumor vaccination. The therapeutic efficacy of anti-CD3/IL-2 activated LN cells was further evaluated in the treatment of spontaneous macroscopic BL6 visceral metastases. Spontaneous visceral metastases were induced in animals by inoculation with BL6 tumor in the footpad followed by amputation of the primary tumor 3 weeks later. The systemic transfer of 10(8) anti-CD3/IL-2 activated T-cells and the concomitant intraperitoneal administration of subtherapeutic doses of IL-2 1 week after amputation cured 50% of the animals and prolonged median survival time (MST) to > 140 days. All mice except one that received no treatment or was treated with IL-2 alone succumbed to visceral metastases with an MST of approximately 23 days. This study characterizes a model whereby the weak immune response to the BL6 melanoma can be positively or negatively modulated for the generation of antitumor reactive T-cells useful in adoptive immunotherapy.
Modular invariant representations of infinite-dimensional Lie algebras and superalgebras.

In this paper, we launch a program to describe and classify modular invariant representations of infinite-dimensional Lie algebras and superalgebras. We prove a character formula for a large class of highest weight representations L(lambda) of a Kac-Moody algebra [unk] with a symmetrizable Cartan matrix, generalizing the Weyl-Kac character formula [Kac, V. G. (1974) Funct. Anal. Appl. 8, 68-70]. In the case of an affine [unk], this class includes modular invariant representations of arbitrary rational level m = t/u, where t [unk] Z and u [unk] N are relatively prime and m + g >/= g/u (g is the dual Coxeter number). We write the characters of these representations in terms of theta functions and calculate their asymptotics, generalizing the results of Kac and Peterson [Kac, V. G. & Peterson, D. H. (1984) Adv. Math. 53, 125-264] and of Kac and Wakimoto [Kac, V. G. & Wakimoto, M. (1988) Adv. Math. 70, 156-234] for the u = 1 (integrable) case. We work out in detail the case [unk] = A(1) ((1)), in particular classifying all its modular invariant representations. Furthermore, we show that the modular invariant representations of the Virasoro algebra Vir are precisely the "minimal series" of Belavin et al. [Belavin, A. A. , Polyakov, A. M. & Zamolodchikov, A. B. (1984) Nucl. Phys. B 241, 333-380] using the character formulas of Feigin and Fuchs [Feigin, B. L. & Fuchs, D. B. (1984) Lect. Notes Math. 1060, 230-245]. We show that tensoring the basic representation and modular invariant representations of A(1) ((1)) produces all modular invariant representations of Vir generalizing the results of Goddard et al. [Goddard P., Kent, A. & Olive, D. (1986) Commun. Math. Phys. 103, 105-119] and of Kac and Wakimoto [Kac, V. G. & Wakimoto, M. (1986) Lect. Notes Phys. 261, 345-371] in the unitary case. We study the general branching functions as well. All these results are generalized to the Kac-Moody superalgebras introduced by Kac [Kac, V. G. (1978) Adv. Math. 30, 85-136] and to N = 1 super Virasoro algebras. We work out in detail the case of the superalgebra B(0, 1)((1)), showing, in particular, that restricting to its even part produces again all modular invariant representations of Vir. These results lead to general conjectures about asymptotic behavior of positive energy representations and classification of modular invariant representations.
Comparison of Composite Measures of Disease Activity in Psoriatic Arthritis Using Data From an Interventional Study With Golimumab

To compare the performance of the Psoriatic Arthritis Disease Activity Score (PASDAS), the Arithmetic Mean of the Desirability Function (AMDF), the Composite Psoriatic Disease Activity Index (CPDAI), and the Disease Activity Index for Psoriatic Arthritis (DAPSA) in the GO‐REVEAL data set. The Disease Activity Score using 28 joints (DAS28) was used as a comparator.
A modular, polyvariant and type-based closure analysis

We observe that the principal typing property of a type system is the enabling technology for modularity and separate compilation [10]. We use this technology to formulate a modular and polyvariant closure analysis, based on the rank 2 intersection types annotated with control-flow information.Modularity manifests itself in a syntax-directed, annotated-type inference algorithm that can analyse program fragments containing free variables: a principal typing property is used to formalise it. Polyvariance manifests itself in the separation of different behaviours of the same function at its different uses: this is formalised via the rank 2 intersection types. As the rank 2 intersection type discipline types at least all (core) ML programs, our analysis can be used in the separate compilation of such programs.
Resveratrol as a Natural Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Molecule: Implications to Dendritic Cells and Their Crosstalk with Mesenchymal Stromal Cells

Dendritic cells (DC) are promising targets for inducing tolerance in inflammatory conditions. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effects of the natural anti-inflammatory molecule resveratrol on human DC at phenotypic and functional levels, including their capacity to recruit mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSC). Primary human monocyte-derived DC and bone marrow MSC were used. DC immunophenotyping revealed that small doses of resveratrol (10 µM) reduce cell activation in response to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, significantly decreasing surface expression of CD83 and CD86. Functionally, IL-12/IL-23 secretion induced by TNF-α was significantly reduced by resveratrol, while IL-10 levels increased. Resveratrol also inhibited T cell proliferation, in response to TNF-α-stimulated DC. The underlying mechanism was investigated by Western blot and imaging flow cytometry (ImageStreamX), and likely involves impairment of nuclear translocation of the p65 NF-κB subunit. Importantly, results obtained demonstrate that DC are able to recruit MSC through extracellular matrix components, and that TNF-α impairs DC-mediated recruitment. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) produced by both cell populations were visualized by gelatin zymography. Finally, time-lapse microscopy analysis revealed a significant decrease on DC and MSC motility in co-cultures, indicating cell interaction, and TNF-α further decreased MSC motility, while resveratrol recovered it. Thus, the current study points out the potential of resveratrol as a natural anti-TNF-α drug, capable of modulating DC phenotype and function, as well as DC-mediated MSC recruitment.
Interictal increase of CGRP levels in peripheral blood as a biomarker for chronic migraine

Objective: To determine calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) levels outside migraine attacks in peripheral blood as a potential biomarker for chronic migraine (CM). Methods: Women older than 17 years and diagnosed with CM were recruited. Matched healthy women with no headache history and women with episodic migraine (EM) served as control groups, together with a series of patients with episodic cluster headache in a pain-free period. CGRP levels were determined in blood samples obtained from the right antecubital vein by ELISA outside a migraine attack and having taken no symptomatic medication the day before. For ethical reasons, preventatives were not stopped. Results: We assessed plasma samples from 103 women with CM, 31 matched healthy women, 43 matched women with EM, and 14 patients with episodic cluster headache matched for age. CGRP levels were significantly increased in CM (74.90 pg/mL) as compared with control healthy women (33.74 pg/mL), women with EM (46.37 pg/mL), and patients with episodic cluster headache (45.87 pg/mL). Thresholds of 43.45 and 58.22 pg/mL optimize the sensitivity and specificity to differentiate CM from healthy controls and EM, respectively. In the CM group, CGRP levels were significantly increased in women with a history of migraine with aura vs those only experiencing migraine without aura. Variables such as age, analgesic overuse, depression, fibromyalgia, vascular risk factors, history of triptan consumption, or kind of preventative treatment did not significantly influence CGRP levels. Conclusion: Increased CGRP level measured in peripheral blood outside migraine attacks and in the absence of symptomatic medication could be a biomarker helping in the diagnosis of CM.
Tensile behavior of Basalt/Glass single and multilayer-woven fabrics

Abstract High strength fabrics are perfect materials for use in automotive and aerospace systems, where high performance and light weight structures are demanded. Mechanical characterization under constant loading is of great importance for these materials. The purpose of this study is to analyze the tensile properties of Basalt and Glass-woven structures at different pick density, weave design, stitch distance, and number of layers. For this purpose, single and double layerwoven fabric structures have been prepared using Basalt and Glass yarns on sample weaving loom. Their uniaxial testing has been performed to analyze their tensile curves. Analysis of variance showed the statistical significance of material, pick density, direction of applied load, weave, and stitching in strength of fabric, while the effect of stitch distance was insignificant.
The Effect of PPS on Hospital Product and Productivity

The results suggest that Prospective Payment System (PPS) prompted a reduction in the proportion of Medicare patients that were discharged, for whom the hospital considered the episode of care to be completed. The results also show a reduction in the proportion of patients discharged dead. When controlling for patient type, the results support the findings, but the magnitude of the change that might be attributed to PPS is somewhat smaller. Proportional changes in the input measures for all patients were next considered. The results indicate that fewer diagnostic tests, fewer laboratory tests, and fewer x-rays were used in 1984. Laboratory tests showed the most dramatic decrease. LOS decreased, but the drug input remained fairly constant. A productivity index that reflects the change in the input measure while controlling for patient type was developed. The results provide strong evidence of a productivity increase in all products for Medicare patients. The drug input did not contribute to the productivity increase. The 50 most frequent DRGs for Medicare patients were examined separately for productivity changes by product. The results further support the findings of an increase in productivity.
Optimal Cooperation Strategy in Cognitive Radio Systems with Energy Harvesting

In recent years, the excessive energy consumption in wireless communication systems has been increasingly critical, and environmental and financial considerations have motivated a trend in wireless communication technologies to resort to renewable energy sources. Energy harvesting is considered as a promising solution to alleviate such issues and has received extensive attentions. In this paper, we consider a cognitive radio system with one primary user (PU) and one secondary user (SU) and both of their transmitters operate in time-slotted mode. The SU, which harvests energy exclusively from ambient radio signal, follows a save-then-transmit protocol. In such a scenario, we investigate the SU's optimal cooperation strategy, namely, the optimal decision (to cooperate with the PU or not) and the optimal action (to spend how much time on energy harvesting and to allocate how much power for cooperative relay). We separately investigate the optimal action in non-cooperation and cooperation modes to maximize the SU's achievable throughout and derive the optimal closed-form solutions. Based on the analytical results of the optimal solutions, we propose the optimal cooperation protocol (OCP) to make the optimal decision, which simply involves a two-level test. Simulation results show that the proposed OCP outperforms the other two protocols (non-cooperation protocol and stochastic cooperation protocol) and the optimal underlay (OU) transmission mode.
Relationship of nutrient intakes and bone mineral density of elderly women in Daegu, Korea

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between nutrient intake and bone mineral density (BMD) of elderly women in Daegu, Korea. In this study, the bone mineral densities of 101 elderly women in Daegu were measured, and their nutrient intake, dietary habits, and maternal factors were determined through a survey. The subjects were divided into the normal group, the osteopenia group, and osteoporosis group to find out if there is a correlation between bone mineral density and maternal factors, dietary habits, and nutrient intake through their T-scores, analyzed according to the standards of WHO. Classification by T-scores of the participants were the normal group 25.7%, the osteopenia group 39.6%, the osteoporosis group 34.7%. Menopause age of the osteoporosis group was lower, postmenopausal period was longer, and last delivery age was significantly higher than the normal group (p<0.05). Osteoporosis group had a lower percentage of 'everyday' fruit and vegetable intakes and higher percentage of 'never' dairy intake than of the normal group. Vitamin A, vitamin B1, and vitamin B2 intakes of participants in the osteoporosis group were lower than those in the normal group (p<0.05). In conclusion, nutritional education is necessary to encourage high intake of milk and vegetables and fruits along with calcium, vitamin A, B1, and B1 intakes and low intake of sodium for the prevention of elderly women's osteoporosis.
Reservoir Computing using Cellular Automata

We introduce a novel framework of reservoir computing. Cellular automaton is used as the reservoir of dynamical systems. Input is randomly projected onto the initial conditions of automaton cells and nonlinear computation is performed on the input via application of a rule in the automaton for a period of time. The evolution of the automaton creates a space-time volume of the automaton state space, and it is used as the reservoir. The proposed framework is capable of long short-term memory and it requires orders of magnitude less computation compared to Echo State Networks. Also, for additive cellular automaton rules, reservoir features can be combined using Boolean operations, which provides a direct way for concept building and symbolic processing, and it is much more efficient compared to state-of-the-art approaches.