Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of massage on delayed onset muscle soreness

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the physiological and psychological effects of massage on delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). Methods: Eighteen volunteers were randomly assigned to either a massage or control group. DOMS was induced with six sets of eight maximal eccentric contractions of the right hamstring, which were followed 2 h later by 20 min of massage or sham massage (control). Peak torque and mood were assessed at 2, 6, 24, and 48 h postexercise. Range of motion (ROM) and intensity and unpleasantness of soreness were assessed at 6, 24, and 48 h postexercise. Neutrophil count was assessed at 6 and 24 h postexercise. Results: A two factor ANOVA (treatment v time) with repeated measures on the second factor showed no significant treatment differences for peak torque, ROM, neutrophils, unpleasantness of soreness, and mood (p > 0.05). The intensity of soreness, however, was significantly lower in the massage group relative to the control group at 48 h postexercise (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Massage administered 2 h after exercise induced muscle injury did not improve hamstring function but did reduce the intensity of soreness 48 h after muscle insult.
An Increased Number of CD4+CD25+ Cells Induced by an Oral Administration of Lactobacillus plantarum NRIC0380 Are Involved in Antiallergic Activity

Background: Our previous study showed that an oral administration of Lactobacillus plantarum NRIC0380 inhibited immunoglobulin E (IgE) production in a murine model, and that orally administered NRIC0380 induced CD4+CD25+ Foxp3+ T, i.e. regulatory T (Treg), cells in the spleen and Peyer's patch of mice. Although it has been reported that Treg cells might suppress the allergic symptoms, the involvement of the cells in the antiallergic activity of lactic acid bacteria has not been clearly demonstrated. We therefore examined in detail the antiallergic activity of Treg cells obtained from mice that had been fed NRIC0380. Methods: Treg cells were obtained from mice that had been fed NRIC0380. The T cell-suppressive effect of the cells was analyzed by coculturing the cells with splenocytes of β-lactoglobulin-immunized mice and β-lactoglobulin. The effects of the Treg cells on the IgE production and cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction were then analyzed by transferring the cells into another mouse. Results: The Treg cells obtained from the mice that had been fed NRIC0380 showed similar T cell-suppressive activity to those cells obtained from the control mice. The Treg cells obtained from the mice fed NRIC0380 significantly inhibited the IgE production and active cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction when transferred into another mouse that was subsequently immunized with the antigen. Furthermore, the Treg cells also significantly suppressed the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction when cotransferred with the IgE antibody into another mouse. Conclusions: The induction of Treg cells by the oral administration of NRIC0380 would be involved in the antiallergic activity of NRIC0380.
Dynamic Delegation: Shared, Hierarchical, and Deindividualized Leadership in Extreme Action Teams

This paper examines the leadership of extreme action teams—teams whose highly skilled members cooperate to perform urgent, unpredictable, interdependent, and highly consequential tasks while simultaneously coping with frequent changes in team composition and training their teams' novice members. Our qualitative investigation of the leadership of extreme action medical teams in an emergency trauma center revealed a hierarchical, deindividualized system of shared leadership. At the heart of this system is dynamic delegation: senior leaders' rapid and repeated delegation of the active leadership role to and withdrawal of the active leadership role from more junior leaders of the team. Our findings suggest that dynamic delegation enhances extreme action teams' ability to perform reliably while also building their novice team members' skills. We highlight the contingencies that guide senior leaders' delegation and withdrawal of the active leadership role, as well as the values and structures that motivate and enable the shared, ongoing practice of dynamic delegation. Further, we suggest that extreme action teams and other “improvisational” organizational units may achieve swift coordination and reliable performance by melding hierarchical and bureaucratic role-based structures with flexibility-enhancing processes. The insights emerging from our findings at once extend and challenge prior leadership theory and research, paving the way for further theory development and research on team leadership in dynamic settings.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Ameliorates Hippocampal Synaptic Impairment after Transient Global Ischemia

Recent studies have found that administration of stem cells or extracellular vehicles (EVs) derived from stem cells exert neuroprotective effects after transient global ischemia. However, the underlying mechanisms of this effect remain unclear, especially at the level of synaptic functions. In this study, we compared the suppressive effects on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) upregulation by EVs derived from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC-EV), adipose tissue MSC (AdMSC-EV) and serum (serum-EV). Then we examined whether BMSC-EVs could restore functional integrity of synaptic transmission and plasticity. Mice were randomly assigned to four groups: sham, sham with EV treatment, ischemia and ischemia with EV treatment. EVs were administered by intracerebroventricular injection (ICVI). We examined the consequence of transient global ischemia on pre- and post-synaptic functions of the hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapses at basal level, and long-term potentiation (LTP), an activity-dependent form of synaptic plasticity. Then we tested the therapeutic effects of EVs on these synaptic deficits. Meanwhile, Morris water maze (MWM) test was performed to examine the efficacy of EVs in rescuing ischemia-induced impairments in spatial learning and memory. EV treatment significantly restored impaired basal synaptic transmission and synaptic plasticity, and improved spatial learning and memory compared with the control group. In addition, EVs significantly inhibited ischemia-induced pathogenic expression of COX-2 in the hippocampus. EVs exert ameliorating effects on synaptic functions against transient global cerebral ischemia, which may be partly attributed to suppression of COX-2 pathogenic expression.
Menopausal Hormone Therapy and Risk of Colorectal Cancer

We evaluated colorectal cancer risk associated with the duration and recency of specific menopausal hormone therapy formulations (i.e., unopposed estrogen versus estrogen plus progestin) and regimens (i.e., sequential versus continuous estrogen plus progestin use) among 56,733 postmenopausal women participating in the Breast Cancer Detection Demonstration Project follow-up study. Hormone therapy use and other risk factors were ascertained through telephone interviews and mailed questionnaires from 1979 to 1998. The final cancer group included 960 women who were identified from self-report, medical records, state registry data, and the National Death Index. Poisson regression was used to generate multivariable rate ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). We observed a decreased risk of colorectal cancer among ever users of unopposed estrogen therapy (RR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.70-0.99). Among estrogen users, the largest reduced risk was observed for current users (RR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.54-1.05) and users of ≥ten years duration (RR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.56-0.96). We found a reduced risk among users of estrogen plus progestin therapy (RR, 0.78; 95% CI, 0.60-1.02), with sequential regimen users (progestin <15 days per cycle) having the largest risk reduction (RR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.43-0.95). Past users of ≥5 years ago (RR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.32-0.98) had the largest risk reduction. In this study, estrogen plus progestin use, especially sequential regimen use, was associated with the largest overall reduction of colorectal cancer risk. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(1):196–203)
A comparison of case-based reasoning approaches

Over the years software engineering researchers have suggested numerous techniques for estimating development effort. These techniques have been classified mainly as algorithmic, machine learning and expert judgement. Several studies have compared the prediction accuracy of those techniques, with emphasis placed on linear regression, stepwise regression, and Case-based Reasoning (CBR). To date no converging results have been obtained and we believe they may be influenced by the use of the same CBR configuration.The objective of this paper is twofold. First, to describe the application of case-based reasoning for estimating the effort for developing Web hypermedia applications. Second, comparing the prediction accuracy of different CBR configurations, using two Web hypermedia datasets.Results show that for both datasets the best estimations were obtained with weighted Euclidean distance, using either one analogy (dataset 1) or 3 analogies (dataset 2). We suggest therefore that case-based reasoning is a candidate technique for effort estimation and, with the aid of an automated environment, can be applied to Web hypermedia development effort prediction.
Thermochemistry of the alkali feldspars: Calorimetric study of the entropy relations in the low albite–low microcline series

Abstract New heat capacity data obtained on 12 samples of the low albite-low microcline series are presented. They were measured by relaxation and differential scanning calorimetry between 5 and 773 K. Two series, differing in their starting materials, were investigated, both of which were prepared via molten salt and solid-solid ion-exchange techniques in previous studies. The heat capacity of both series deviates positively from the ideal behavior leading to positive excess vibrational entropies of mixing, which can be described by a Margules mixing model yielding WSAbOr = 8.60 and WSOrAb = 9.28 J/(mol·K). The heat capacity and the vibrational entropy obtained on these Al,Si ordered samples are compared with those described in the literature for disordered samples. The solvi of the Al,Si ordered and disordered alkali feldspar systems were calculated from the calorimetric data and compared to experimentally determined solvi. Large deviations are detected for the ordered system, whereas consistent results are found for the disordered system, provided Na,K clustering is taken into account.
BCL-6 Negatively Regulates Expression of the NF-κB1 p105/p50 Subunit1

BCL-6 is a transcription repressor frequently deregulated in non-Hodgkin’s B cell lymphomas. Its activity is also critical to germinal center development and balanced Th1/Th2 differentiation. Previous studies have suggested that NF-κB activity is suppressed in germinal center and lymphoma B cells that express high levels of BCL-6, and yet the reason for this is unknown. We report in this study that BCL-6 can bind to three sequence motifs in the 5′ regulatory region of NF-κB1 in vitro and in vivo, and repress NF-κB1 transcription both in reporter assays and in lymphoma B cell lines. BCL-6−/− mice further confirm the biological relevance of BCL-6-dependent regulation of NF-κB1 because BCL-6 inactivation caused notable increase in p105/p50 proteins in several cell types. Among these, BCL-6−/− macrophage cell lines displayed a hyperproliferation phenotype that can be reversed by NF-κB inhibitors, e.g., N-tosyl-l-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone and SN50, a result that is consistent with increased nuclear κB-binding activity of p50 homodimer and p50/p65 heterodimer. Our results demonstrate that BCL-6 can negatively regulate NF-κB1 expression, thereby inhibiting NF-κB-mediated cellular functions.
Studies in Man on the Relationship of Adrenergic Correlates to Pressor Responsivity

A study was designed to examine the adrenergic contribution to cardiovascular responsiveness to acute stimuli, with particular attention to the pressor component of this response. Data indicated a dissociation between pressor responses, catecholamine excretion, and FFA elaboration which can be summarized as follows:1. The same stimulus (ischemic pain) given on different days, produced the same pressor responses but with an apparent decrease in adrenergic activation.2. Different stimuli on the same day (ischemic pain and cold pressor) gave pressor responses of different magnitude, but adrenergic activation was not consistently greater with the greater pressor response.3. Different stimuli given on different days maintained a consistent difference in pressor responses. However, adrenergic activation may have correlated with the order of presentation, rather than the nature of the stimulus or the response.4. Among other implications from this discordancy between cardiovascular reactivity and adrenergic activation are the following: (a) Factors other than the autonomic nervous system (ANS) may be important in the mediation of pressor response, particularly to such stimuli as ischemic pain, and (b) the ANS response itself may more closely correlate with emotional factors concomitant to the stimulus, than to the stimulus itself. Finally, the results point up the inappropriateness of using cardiovascular responsiveness as a precise indicator of activation of the ANS in physiological and psychophysiological studies.
Near Void-Free Assembly Development of Flip Chip Using No-Flow Underfill

The advanced flip-chip-in-package (FCIP) process technology, using no-flow underfill material for high I/O density (over 3000 I/O) and fine-pitch (down to 150 mum) interconnect applications, presents challenges for flip chip processing because underfill void formation during reflow drives interconnect yield down and degrades reliability. In spite of such challenges, a high yield, reliable assembly process (>99.99%) has been achieved using commercial no-flow underfill material with a high I/O, fine-pitch FCIP. This has been obtained using design of experiments with physical interpretation techniques. Statistical analysis determined what assembly conditions should be used in order to achieve robust interconnects without disrupting the FCIP interconnect structure. However, the resulting high yield process had the side effect of causing a large number of voids in the FCIP assemblies. Parametric studies were conducted to develop assembly process conditions that would minimize the number of voids in the FCIP induced by thermal effects. This work has resulted in a significant reduction in the number of underfill voids. This paper presents systematic studies into yield characterization, void formation characterization, and void reduction through the use of structured experimentation which was designed to improve assembly yield and to minimize the number of voids, respectively, in FCIP assemblies.
A Repetitive Control Scheme Aimed at Compensating the 6k + 1 Harmonics for a Three-Phase Hybrid Active Filter

The traditional repetitive controller has relatively worse stability and poor transient performance because it generates infinite gain at all the integer multiples of the fundamental frequency, and its control action is postponed by one fundamental period ( T 0 ). To improve these disadvantages, many repetitive controllers with reduced delay time have been proposed, which can selectively compensate the odd harmonics or 6 k ± 1 harmonics with delay time reduced to T 0 /2 and T 0 /3, respectively. To further study in this area, this paper proposes an improved repetitive scheme implemented in a stationary reference frame, which only compensates the 6 k + 1 harmonics (e.g., −5, +7, −11, +13) in three-phase systems and reduces the time delay to T 0 /6. Thus compared with the earlier reduced delay time repetitive controllers, the robustness and transient performance is further improved, the waste of control effort is reduced, and the possibility of amplifying and even injecting any harmonic noises into the system is avoided to a great extent. Moreover, the proposed repetitive scheme is used in the control of a three-phase hybrid active power filter. The experimental results validate the effectiveness of the proposed repetitive control scheme.
Unifying refinement and hoare-style reasoning in a logic for higher-order concurrency

Modular programming and modular verification go hand in hand, but most existing logics for concurrency ignore two crucial forms of modularity: *higher-order functions*, which are essential for building reusable components, and *granularity abstraction*, a key technique for hiding the intricacies of fine-grained concurrent data structures from the clients of those data structures. In this paper, we present CaReSL, the first logic to support the use of granularity abstraction for modular verification of higher-order concurrent programs. After motivating the features of CaReSL through a variety of illustrative examples, we demonstrate its effectiveness by using it to tackle a significant case study: the first formal proof of (partial) correctness for Hendler et al.'s "flat combining" algorithm.
On the X-ray Number of Almost Smooth Convex Bodies and of Convex Bodies of Constant Width

Abstract The X-ray numbers of some classes of convex bodies are investigated. In particular, we give a proof of the X-ray Conjecture as well as of the Illumination Conjecture for almost smooth convex bodies of any dimension and for convex bodies of constant width of dimensions 3, 4, 5 and 6.
Bone Marrow Involvement in Lymphomas With Hemophagocytic Syndrome at Presentation: A Clinicopathologic Study of 11 Patients in a Western Institution

Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) is a clinicopathologic syndrome that can reveal a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. The pathologic features of lymphoma associated with HPS remain ill defined. We studied 11 lymphomas associated with HPS on initial bone marrow biopsies, consecutively diagnosed during a 6-year period in a Western institution. There were seven diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs), three T-cell lymphomas (one peripheral T-cell lymphoma unspecified, two hepatosplenic &ggr;&dgr; T-cell lymphomas [HS &ggr;&dgr;TLs]), and one aggressive NK-cell lymphoma/leukemia (NKL). These lymphomas shared common clinicopathologic features with a systemic presentation, a poor outcome (nine patients died within 2 years), and a mild interstitial lymphoid infiltrate of the bone marrow at presentation in nine patients. This equivocal lymphoma infiltrate was blending with normal hematopoietic cells, and CD20 and CD3 immunolabelings were essential for its detection. A high number of reactive T (CD3+) cells, most often with a predominant cytotoxic (CD8+ TiA1+) phenotype, was present in all DLBCLs. By in situ hybridization, Epstein-Barr virus was detected in neoplastic cells of three cases (one DLBCL, one HS &ggr;&dgr;TL, and one NKL), which also showed serum viral DNA. Polymerase chain reaction studies disclosed HHV6 DNA sequences in tumor tissues of two DLBCLs, whereas HHV8 DNA was not detected. Because tumor mass indicative of lymphoma was not striking in most patients, bone marrow biopsy appears to be of great value for the diagnosis of an HPS-associated lymphoma, which may be, in Western patients, of B- as well as T- or NK-cell type. Immunostaining for CD3 and CD20 is essential to identify the common subtle lymphoma involvement. Together with a better understanding of the pathogenic processes, an early diagnosis may improve the prognosis of HPS-associated lymphoma.
Mouse models for pathogenic African trypanosomes: unravelling the immunology of host–parasite–vector interactions

African trypanosomiasis is a parasitic disease that affects a variety of mammals, including humans, on the sub‐Saharan African continent. To understand the diverse parameters that govern the host–parasite–vector interactions, mouse models for the disease have proven to be a cornerstone. Despite the fact that most trypanosomes cannot be considered natural pathogens for rodents, experimental infections in mice have shed a tremendous amount of light on the general biology of these parasites and their interaction with and evasion of the mammalian immune system. Different aspects including inflammation, vaccine failure, antigenic variation, resistance/sensitivity to normal human serum and the influence of tsetse compounds on parasite transmission have all been addressed using mouse models. In more recent years, the introduction of various ‘knock‐out’ mouse strains has allowed to analyse the implication of various cytokines, particularly TNF, IFNγ and IL‐10, in the regulation of parasitaemia and induction of pathological conditions during infection.
Clinical Effects of Topical Tacrolimus on Fox-Fordyce Disease

Fox-Fordyce Disease (FFD) is a rare, chronic, pruritic, inflammatory disorder of apocrine glands. It is characterized by dome-shaped, firm, discrete, skin-colored, and monomorphic perifollicular papules. The most common sites of involvement are axillae and anogenital and periareolar regions which are rich in apocrine sweat glands. Treatment is difficult. Topical, intralesional steroids, topical tretinoin, adapalene, clindamycin, benzoyl peroxide, oral contraceptives, isotretinoin, phototherapy, electrocauterisation, excision-liposuction and curettage, and fractional carbon dioxide laser are among the treatment options. In the literature, there are articles reporting beneficial effects of pimecrolimus in FFD. Nevertheless, there have not been any reports about the use of tacrolimus in FFD. We report two patients diagnosed with FFD by clinical and histopathologic examination and discussed therapeutic effects of topical tacrolimus on FFD in the light of literature.
Exploiting Massive D2D Collaboration for Energy-Efficient Mobile Edge Computing

In this article we propose a novel D2D Crowd framework for 5G mobile edge computing, where a massive crowd of devices at the network edge leverage network-assisted D2D collaboration for computation and communication resource sharing. A key objective of this framework is to achieve energy-efficient collaborative task executions at the network edge for mobile users. Specifically, we first introduce the D2D Crowd system model in detail, and then formulate the energy-efficient D2D Crowd task assignment problem by taking into account the necessary constraints. We next propose a graph-matching-based optimal task assignment policy, and further evaluate its performance through extensive numerical study, which shows superior performance of more than 50 percent energy consumption reduction over the case of local task executions. Finally, we also discuss the directions of extending the D2D Crowd framework by taking into account a variety of application factors.
RHOA-FAK is a required signaling axis for the maintenance of KRAS-driven lung adenocarcinomas.

UNLABELLED Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) often expresses mutant KRAS together with tumor-associated mutations of the CDKN2A locus, which are associated with aggressive, therapy-resistant tumors. Here, we unravel specific requirements for the maintenance of NSCLC that carries this genotype. We establish that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/RHOA/focal adhesion kinase (FAK) network is deregulated in high-grade lung tumors. Suppression of RHOA or FAK induces cell death selectively in mutant KRAS;INK4A/ARF-deficient lung cancer cells. Furthermore, pharmacologic inhibition of FAK caused tumor regression specifically in the high-grade lung cancer that developed in mutant Kras;Cdkn2a-null mice. These findings provide a rationale for the rapid implementation of genotype-specific targeted therapies using FAK inhibitors in patients with cancer. SIGNIFICANCE Targeted therapies are effective for only a small fraction of patients with cancer. We report that FAK inhibitors exert potent antitumor effects in NSCLCs that express mutant KRAS in association with INK4A/ARF deficiency. These results reveal a novel genotype-specific vulnerability of cancer cells that can be exploited for therapeutic purposes.