Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Quantized Massive MU-MIMO-OFDM Uplink

Coarse quantization at the base station (BS) of a massive multi-user (MU) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless system promises significant power and cost savings. Coarse quantization also enables significant reductions of the raw analog-to-digital converter data that must be transferred from a spatially separated antenna array to the baseband processing unit. The theoretical limits as well as practical transceiver algorithms for such quantized MU-MIMO systems operating over frequency-flat, narrowband channels have been studied extensively. However, the practically relevant scenario where such communication systems operate over frequency-selective, wideband channels is less well understood. This paper investigates the uplink performance of a quantized massive MU-MIMO system that deploys orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) for wideband communication. We propose new algorithms for quantized maximum a posteriori channel estimation and data detection, and we study the associated performance/quantization tradeoffs. Our results demonstrate that coarse quantization (e.g., four to six bits, depending on the ratio between the number of BS antennas and the number of users) in massive MU-MIMO-OFDM systems entails virtually no performance loss compared with the infinite-precision case at no additional cost in terms of baseband processing complexity.
Marked Hyperglycemia Attenuates Anesthetic Preconditioning in Human-induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Cardiomyocytes

Introduction:Anesthetic preconditioning protects cardiomyocytes from oxidative stress-induced injury, but it is ineffective in patients with diabetes mellitus. To address the role of hyperglycemia in the inability of diabetic individuals to be preconditioned, we used human cardiomyocytes differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells generated from patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-iPSC- and N-iPSC-CMs, respectively) to investigate the efficacy of preconditioning in varying glucose conditions (5, 11, and 25 mM). Methods:Induced pluripotent stem cells were induced to generate cardiomyocytes by directed differentiation. For subsequent studies, cardiomyocytes were identified by genetic labeling with enhanced green fluorescent protein driven by a cardiac-specific promoter. Cell viability was analyzed by lactate dehydrogenase assay. Confocal microscopy was utilized to measure opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore and the mitochondrial adenosine 5′-triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels. Results:Isoflurane (0.5 mM) preconditioning protected N-iPSC- and DM-iPSC-CMs from oxidative stress-induced lactate dehydrogenase release and mitochondrial permeability transition pore opening in 5 mM and 11 mM glucose. Isoflurane triggered mitochondrial adenosine-5′-triphosphate-sensitive potassium channel opening in N-iPSC-CMs in 5 mM and 11 mM glucose and in DM-iPSC-CMs in 5 mM glucose; 25 mM glucose disrupted anesthetic preconditioning-mediated protection in DM-iPSC- and N-iPSC-CMs. Conclusions:The opening of mitochondrial adenosine 5′-triphosphate-sensitive potassium channels are disrupted in DM-iPSC-CMs in 11 mM and 25 mM glucose and in N-iPSC-CMs in 25 mM glucose. Cardiomyocytes derived from healthy donors and patients with a specific disease, such as diabetes in this study, open possibilities in studying genotype- and phenotype-related pathologies in a human-relevant model.
Different dynamin blockers interfere with distinct phases of synaptic endocytosis during stimulation in motoneurones

Neurotransmitter release requires a tight coupling between synaptic vesicle exocytosis and endocytosis with dynamin being a key protein in that process. We used imaging techniques to examine the time course of endocytosis at mouse motor nerve terminals expressing synaptopHluorin, a genetically encoded reporter of the synaptic vesicle cycle. We separated two sequential phases of endocytosis taking place during the stimulation train: early and late endocytosis. Freshly released synaptic vesicle proteins are preferentially retrieved during the early phase, which is very sensitive to dynasore, an inhibitor of dynamin GTPase activity. Synaptic vesicle proteins pre‐existing at the plasma membrane before the stimulation are preferentially retrieved during the late phase, which is very sensitive to myristyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (MitMAB), an inhibitor of the dynamin–phospholipid interaction.
Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences Numerical Modeling of Two-phase Flows Using the Two-fluid Two-pressure Approach

(Leave 1 inch blank space for publisher.) The present paper is devoted to the computation of two-phase flows using the two-fluid approach. The overall model is hyperbolic and has no conservative form. No instantaneous local equilibrium between phases is assumed, which results in a two-velocity two-pressure model. Original closure laws for interfacial velocity and interfacial pressure are proposed. These closures allow to deal with discontinuous solutions such as shock waves and contact discontinuities without ambiguity for the definition of Rankine-Hugoniot jump relations. Each field of the convective system is investigated, providing that the maximum principle for the volume fraction and the positivity of densities and internal energies are ensured when focusing on the Riemann problem. Two Finite Volume methods are presented, based on the Rusanov scheme and on an approximate Godunov scheme. Relaxation terms are taken into account using a fractional step method. Eventually, numerical tests illustrate the ability of both methods to compute two-phase flows.
Luminescence Properties and Mechanisms of CuI Thin Films Fabricated by Vapor Iodization of Copper Films

Copper iodide (CuI) thin films were grown on Si(100) substrates using a copper film iodination reaction method. It was found that γ-CuI films have a uniform and dense microstructure with (111)-orientation. Transmission spectra indicated that CuI thin films have an average transmittance of about 60% in the visible range and the optical band gap is 3.01 eV. By checking the effect of the thickness of the Cu films and annealing condition on the photoluminescence (PL) character of CuI films, the luminescence mechanisms of CuI have been comprehensively analyzed, and the origin of different PL emissions are proposed with Cu vacancy and iodine vacancy as defect levels.
Recurrent loss of CenH3 is associated with independent transitions to holocentricity in insects

Faithful chromosome segregation in all eukaryotes relies on centromeres, the chromosomal sites that recruit kinetochore proteins and mediate spindle attachment during cell division. The centromeric histone H3 variant, CenH3, is the defining chromatin component of centromeres in most eukaryotes, including animals, fungi, plants, and protists. In this study, using detailed genomic and transcriptome analyses, we show that CenH3 was lost independently in at least four lineages of insects. Each of these lineages represents an independent transition from monocentricity (centromeric determinants localized to a single chromosomal region) to holocentricity (centromeric determinants extended over the entire chromosomal length) as ancient as 300 million years ago. Holocentric insects therefore contain a CenH3-independent centromere, different from almost all the other eukaryotes. We propose that ancient transitions to holocentricity in insects obviated the need to maintain CenH3, which is otherwise essential in most eukaryotes, including other holocentrics. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.03676. 001
A Theoretical Analysis of 2D Sensor Arrays for TDOA Based Localization

In source localization from time difference of arrival, the impact of the sensor array geometry to the localization accuracy is not well understood yet. A first rigorous analysis can be found in B. Yang and J. Scheuing (2005). It derived sufficient and necessary conditions for optimum array geometry in terms of minimum Cramer-Rao bound. This paper continues the above work and studies theoretically the localization accuracy of two-dimensional sensor arrays. It addresses different issues: a) optimum vs. uniform angular array b) near-field vs. far-field array c) using all sensor pairs vs. those with a common reference sensor as required from spherical position estimators. The paper ends up with some new insights into the sensor placement problem
Analysis of Earth Dam: Seepage and Stability Using Ansys and Geo-Studio Software

2 Abstract: Seepage analysis and Stability Investigation Is very import issues that should be considered at designing. Now Ansys, very acceptable and powerful software are created for Analysis. In this study, behavior of soil Dam: with different effective parameters, have been studied. The case Study (study Dam) is maroon soil Dam which is located: 19 kilometer North of Bahaman, on maroon river This Dam is Rock-soil Dam. In this research, it has been attempt soil stability of Dam has been done with using Ansys. Therefore, result wore compared whit Geo studio Software result. Firstly, Dam were studied with using there Analysis method, then seepage are predicated the seepage Rate in Ansys, 18% percent is lower than Geo studio results. Besides, Slope Stability is studied and different behavior of Dam is simulated. The Results are almost at similar Range for Slope Stability result. But Safety factor values (for two software) had distinctive difference. For instance calculated safety factor, according to the Bishop method, for upstream slope 1, 2,4 and for Geo studio, value equal 1.5 are determinate. Finally, movement and maximum and minimum strain and stress are calculated with analysis method of stress and string and settlement around crack zone is determinate. In other words, maximum vertical movement is estimated around 6 meters. Key word: Soil dams Stability Finite element method Ansys
Effects of prenatal cocaine exposure on embryonic expression of sonic hedgehog.

Cocaine use by pregnant women may adversely affect development and behavior in the exposed infants. Sonic hedgehog (shh) is a secreted protein that induces development of many structures in the embryo, including dopaminergic cells in the ventral midbrain, the limb buds, and eyes. Because prenatal cocaine exposure has been shown to adversely affect the morphogenesis of these and other systems, the present study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that maternal cocaine treatment would alter shh mRNA expression. Cocaine HCl (60 mg/kg i.p.) was administered to pregnant mice on gestational days 6-8, the time that immediately precedes the appearance of shh. Control dams received i.p. saline. Embryos from gestational days 9-11 were examined by in situ hybridization. The temporal and spatial patterns of shh expression were indistinguishable between embryos from cocaine- and saline-treated dams. Examination of forebrain, midbrain, and midbody spinal cord coronal sections failed to reveal any differences in the dorsoventral and mediolateral localization of shh. The distribution of mRNA for patched (ptc), the membrane receptor for shh, was also indistinguishable between both groups. Chick embryos were next used to examine the direct application of cocaine into the developing brain. Shh distribution was similarly unaffected in these chick embryos. These data show that maternal cocaine treatment during early neural tube development does not significantly alter the expression patterns of shh or ptc mRNA. Thus, congenital defects and behavioral abnormalities associated with maternal cocaine use do not appear to result from altered expression of the shh-ptc pathway.
Improved lung growth and function through hypoxia‐inducible factor in primate chronic lung disease of prematurity

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), a chronic lung disease affecting preterm neonates, is associated with significant childhood and adult health problems. Histopathologic features of BPD include impaired vascular and distal airway development. We previously showed that activation of hypoxia‐inducible factors (HIFs) by inhibition of prolyl hydroxylase domain‐containing proteins (PHDs) is feasible and that it stimulates vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) ‐dependent angiogenesis in vitro. We tested the hypothesis that enhancement of angiogenesis by activation of HIFs improves lung growth and function in prematurely born neonates in vivo. Preterm baboons (125 day+14 day pro re nata O2 model, corresponding to 27 human gestational weeks) were treated for 14 days with intravenous (i.v.) FG‐4095, a PHD inhibitor. Notably, 77% of diminished total alveolar surface area in untreated controls was recovered by FG‐4095 treatment. Functional significance of the structural changes was indicated by improved oxygenation and lung compliance in FG‐4095‐treated newborns. Surfactant proteins B and C and saturated phosphatidylcholine were unchanged. Incidence of spontaneous ductus arteriosus closure was increased, likely contributing to lower ratio of pulmonary to systemic blood flow in FG‐4095 group. These findings indicate that HIF stimulation by PHD inhibition ameliorates pathological and physiological consequences of BPD. —Asikainen, T. M. , Chang, L. ‐Y. , Coalson, J. J., Schneider, B. K. , Waleh, N. S. , Ikegami, M. , Shannon, J. M. , Winter, V. T. , Grubb, P., Clyman, R. I. , Yoder, B. A. , Crapo, J. D. , White, C. W. Improved lung growth and function through hypoxia‐inducible factor in primate chronic lung disease of prematurity. FASEB J. 20, E986–E996 (2006)
MICRO RAMAN SPECTROSCOPIC INVESTIGATIONS OF THE NATURE AND PROVENANCE OF MINERAL AND CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL IN THE 1.9 GUNFLINT FORMATION: REDEFINING D AND G CARBON PARAMETERS FOR THE DETECTION OF BIOSIGNATURES

Introduction: The identification of biosignatures and detection of extra planetary life is one of the primary goals in astrobiology. Intrinsic to this goal is the improvement of analytical techniques and protocols used to identify biosignatures. Micro Raman spectroscopy is a non-destructive method that allows for in situ analysis of samples and unambiguous identification of a wide range of minerals and compounds. Carbonaceous compounds specifically have been used as biosignatures in ancient rocks. Problems arise, however, because carbonaceous compounds from different sources often share the same spectroscopic characteristics [1,2,8]. To tease out a biogenic signal, young samples of known provenance are typically analyzed and used as a baseline for comparison to much older samples or samples that have experienced extreme temperatures and pressures. To this ends we used the highresolution imaging and geochemical mapping capabilities of micro Raman spectroscopy on chert samples from the ~1.9 Ga Gunflint Formation as a preliminary investigation into the nature and provenance of the mineral and carbonaceous material. The wide array of morphological microstructures, carbonaceous components, and mineral assemblages in the Gunflint samples provide the perfect testing ground for these techniques [3,4]. To further constrain D and G band carbon characteristics, micro Raman analyses were also performed on a suite of chert samples and meteorite samples. The spectral features of each sample set were quantified and compared. The results give much needed information for biosignature identification in these and other biologically significant rocks. Method: Raman spectra of the samples were collected using a WITEC Digital Pulse scanning nearfield optical microscope (AlphaSNOM) with Scan Control Spectroscopy Plus. The Raman scans were conducted with a a frequency-doubled YAG laser with wavelength 532nm. The laser was focused through a 25μm diameter fiber and a 100x ocular lens. The scan speed was 3-5s dwell time per pixel at 78 kW cm. Images and virtual maps of the spatial elemental and mineral composition of the microtextures were generated using Witec Project 1.99 software. The collected spectra were deconvoluted and quantified using ACD Labs 12 software. Results: The Gunflint samples used in this study do not contain any obvious microfossils in the morphologic sense. There are however many areas that contain what appears to be dark, carbon-rich matter. The
New flow cytometric assays for monitoring cell-mediated cytotoxicity

The exact immunologic responses after vaccination that result in effective antitumor immunity have not yet been fully elucidated and the data from ex vivo T-cell assays have not yet defined adequate surrogate markers for clinical efficacy. A more detailed knowledge of the specific immune responses that correlate with positive clinical outcomes should help to develop better or novel strategies to effectively activate the immune system against tumors. Furthermore, clinically relevant material is often limited and, thus, precludes the ability to perform multiple assays. The two main assays currently used to monitor lymphocyte-mediated cytoxicity in cancer patients are the 51Cr-release assay and IFN-γ ELISpot assay. The former has a number of disadvantages, including low sensitivity, poor labeling and high spontaneous release of isotope from some tumor target cells. Additional problems with the 51Cr-release assay include difficulty in obtaining autologous tumor targets, and biohazard and disposal problems for the isotope. The ELISpot assays do not directly measure cytotoxic activity and are, therefore, a surrogate marker of cyotoxic capacity of effector T cells. Furthermore, they do not assess cytotoxicity mediated by the production of the TNF family of death ligands by the cytotoxic cells. Therefore, assays that allow for the simultaneous measurement of several parameters may be more advantageous for clinical monitoring. In this respect, multifactor flow cytometry-based assays are a valid addition to the currently available immunologic monitoring assays. Use of these assays will enable detection and enumeration of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes and their specific effector functions and any correlations with clinical responses. Comprehensive, multifactor analysis of effector cell responses after vaccination may help to detect factors that determine the success or failure of a vaccine and its immunological potency.
Synchronous metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma in a cervical lymph node: Case report of an unusual event

The synchronous occurrence of two different neoplasias is an uncommon event, which may arise between tumors originating in the same organ or in cancer-to-cancer metastasis. We report a rare case of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia / small lymphocytic lymphoma associated with a cutaneous metastatic squamous cell carcinoma in a cervical lymph node. In the affected lymph node, it was observed an effacement of the normal architecture by neoplastic lymphocytes and it was noted the presence of neoplastic invasive epithelial islands. Immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that lymphocytic proliferation was positive for CD20, CD5, CD23 and Kappa, and negative for CD3, CD10, Cyclin D1 and Lambda. The morphological and immunohistochemical profile lead to a phenotype of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia / small lymphocytic lymphoma. The epithelial cells were positive for CK5, thus rendering the diagnosis of synchronous metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. Literature supports the poor prognosis in cases that present coexistence of squamous cell carcinoma and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia / small lymphocytic lymphoma. Thus, it is necessary to be aware about this unusual finding in order to provide specific treatment. Key words:Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia, small lymphocytic lymphoma, squamous cell carcinoma, metastasis.
Supplements of bounded permutation groups

Abstract Let λ ≤ κ be infinite cardinals and let Ω be a set of cardinality κ. The bounded permutation group Bλ(Ω), or simply Bλ, is the group consisting of all permutations of Ω which move fewer than λ points in Ω. We say that a permutation group G acting on Ω is a supplement of Bλ if BλG is the full symmetric group on Ω. In [7], Macpherson and Neumann claimed to have classified all supplements of bounded permutation groups. Specifically, they claimed to have proved that a group G acting on the set Ω is a supplement of Bλ if and only if there exists Δ ⊂ Ω with ∣Δ∣ < λ such that the setwise stabiliser G{Δ} acts as the full symmetric group on Ω ∖ Δ. However I have found a mistake in their proof. The aim of this paper is to examine conditions under which Macpherson and Neumann's claim holds, as well as conditions under which a counterexample can be constructed. In the process we will discover surprising links with cardinal arithmetic and Shelah's recently developed pcf theory.
Video recording feedback: a feasible and effective approach to teaching history‐taking and physical examination skills in undergraduate paediatric medicine

Medical educators have always recognized the need to teach and train medical graduates and undergraduates the skills of conducting a consultation. Several authors have established the efficacy of using constructive feedback on videotape of each student's interaction with a patient to teach and enhance such skills. This study reports `students' perceptions' of the feedback process used in the Junior Paediatric Clerkship at the Faculty of Medicine of the United Arab Emirates University. An unexpected 73% of the respondents believed that self‐observation influenced development of their clinical skills. More than 80% said that the feedback from instructors and peers helped them to improve their clinical skills, but they would have liked to have more than one of their consultations recorded and reviewed. It was found that 75% of the students felt that self‐critique of their performance made them aware of their strengths and weaknesses and their skills in analysing and evaluating consultations had been enhanced. It was found from Kruskal Wallis one‐way ANOVA that the students' professional attitude, empathy, and warmth towards the patients differed highly significantly (P = 0·0062, 0·0089, 0·0007, respectively) from self‐assurance, self‐confidence and competence. They were also deficient in certain areas of history‐taking, interviewing skills, and physical examination techniques and perceived they needed more training in order to be proficient.
Spinal cord infarction: clinical and magnetic resonance imaging findings and short term outcome

Background: Most studies on spinal cord infarction have been conducted in single centres; they usually consisted of case reports, or of larger series of patients recruited over a large period of time, with heterogeneous diagnostic procedures. Therefore, the clinical and radiological presentation of spinal cord infarcts and their short term outcome remain poorly understood. Objective: To define clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings, and short term outcome in patients with spinal cord infarcts. Methods: The authors prospectively included patients within 10 days of onset. An MRI scan was required and repeated when initially normal. Results: Twenty eight consecutive patients were included over a 24 month period in 16 neurological centres. The infarct was cervical in seven patients, thoracic in three, thoracolumbar in 15, and restricted to the conus in three. On axial MRI scans the infarct was located in the central territory of the anterior spinal artery in 21 patients, and in the peripheral arterial territory in three. At month two, 15 patients had a good outcome and 13 had a poor outcome, including three deaths. Patients who, at onset, could not walk, had bladder dysfunction, or proprioceptive deficits were more likely to have a poor outcome. At month two, pain had occurred in 10 of the 25 survivors and was associated neither with the initial severity, nor the extent of the infarct on MRI. Conclusion: The two month outcome mainly depends on the initial severity of the neurological deficit; however, a few patients with a severe impairment at onset had a good outcome, especially when proprioception remained normal at onset. The study does not support the hypothesis that pain occurs more frequently in small spinal infarcts.