Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Multiple Listenings on Error-Detection Acuity in Multivoice, Multitimbral Musical Examples

This study is an investigation of the effects of multiple listenings on error-detection identification and labeling accuracy among brass and woodwind instrumentalists. Examples derived from band music used balanced four-voice incipits performed with differing timbres, and errors that occurred in one or multiple voices. Response rates for correct and incorrect identification and labeling of errors were greatest during the first listening, less for the second, and least for the third. Identification mistakes outnumbered correct responses in the last two listenings. Error-labeling mistakes outnumbered correct responses in all listenings. Most correct responses in the first listening were made in the top two lines. During all listenings, the fewest correct identification and labeling responses occurred in the bottommost voice. Data suggest that multiple listenings and a correct aural referent may not help error-detection acuity in multitimbral, multivoice settings. These data may be useful in informing practice in conducting and methods instruction during teacher-preparation programs.
Differential Expression Analysis of Diabetic Related Genes in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rat in Response to Abelmoschus Esculentus Treatment : A Research Framework

Diabetes is characterized by excessive blood sugar due to body’s failure to produce insulin or the consequence of insulin resistance. Nowadays, human suffering not only on the disease itself but also includes diabetes-related complications. All these abnormality are significantly important because of their effects on the liver function. Therefore this paper will provides an overview of the research framework to investigate the differential expression analysis of liver tissue in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat in response to Abelmoschus esculentus (AE) treatment. The hypoglycemic effects of water extract prepared from the fruit of AE will be studied in diabetic rats (streptozotocin induced). All animals will be randomly divided into three group; normal healthy group (N group), streptozotocin–induced diabetic group (STZ group) and AE-treated diabetic group (AE group). Oral application of AE at doses of 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg body weight will be given to AE-treated diabetic group by single and repeated oral administration. Rats liver from these three groups will then subjected to RNA extraction for gene expression analysis. The differential expression study will be carried out by using real time RT-PCR method. Four diabetes-specific genes of interest (carboxylesterase 2, stearoyl-Coenzyme A desaturase 1, insulin-like growth factor 1 and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 binding protein) are chosen and the expression level of these genes will be examined quantitatively. The abnormal expression of genes in STZ group will be rescued by the AE therapy. The expected findings from both in vivo and molecular studies may reveal the anti-diabetic properties of the AE and suggest that the plant extract may be useful for the management of the disease. This paper will provide the overview of the research framework and giving insight of the experimental procedure to be implemented. Keywords-diabetes mellitus, abelmoschus esculentus, gene expression, stretozotocin
The GTP-binding protein Ypt1 is required for transport in vitro: the Golgi apparatus is defective in ypt1 mutants

The YPT1 gene encodes a raslike, GTP-binding protein that is essential for growth of yeast cells. We show here that mutations in the ypt1 gene disrupt transport of carboxypeptidase Y to the vacuole in vivo and transport of pro-alpha-factor to a site of extensive glycosylation in the Golgi apparatus in vitro. Two different ypt1 mutations result in loss of function of the Golgi complex without affecting the activity of the endoplasmic reticulum or soluble components required for in vitro transport. The function of the mutant Golgi apparatus can be restored by preincubation with wild-type cytosol. The transport defect observed in vitro cannot be overcome by addition of Ca++ to the reaction mixture. We have also established genetic interactions between ypt1 and a subset of the other genes required for transport to and through the Golgi apparatus.
Combining gradient and albedo data for rotation invariant classification of 3D surface texture

We present a new texture classification scheme which is invariant to surface-rotation. Many texture classification approaches have been presented in the past that are image-rotation invariant. However, image rotation is not necessarily the same as surface rotation. We have therefore developed a classifier that uses invariants that are derived from surface properties rather than image properties. Previously we developed a scheme that used surface gradient (normal) fields estimated using photometric stereo. In this paper we augment these data with albedo information and also employ an additional feature set: the radial spectrum. We used 30 real textures to test the new classifier. A classification accuracy of 91% was achieved when albedo and gradient 1D polar and radial features were combined. The best performance was also achieved by using 2D albedo and gradient spectra. The classification accuracy is 99%.
Desenvolvimento desigual e combinado no ensino superior: Estado e mercado

Este artigo pretende analisar o processo de desenvolvimento do ensino superior no Brasil, particularmente seus mecanismos de reproducao ampliada. A tese defendida e a de que o desenvolvimento do ensino superior se da por um processo desigual e combinado dos diferentes setores, especialmente do setor publico e do setor privado. O efeito mais dramatico desse processo e a improvisacao dos professores do setor privado, que produz efeitos negativos para a qualidade do ensino, nos niveis de graduacao e pos-graduacao. O artigo preve tres tendencias de desenvolvimento do ensino superior: a regulacao pelo mercado, a estatizacao e uma combinacao de ambas. Em conclusao, os possiveis efeitos de cada uma dessas tendencias sao examinados, destacando-se, como a mais viavel, a terceira tendencia, isto e, a que combina Estado e mercado. Em decorrencia, o artigo defende a elaboracao de uma lei orgânica do ensino superior, que, sem confrontar a autonomia universitaria, estabeleca marcos para a avaliacao, o financiamento, a carreira docente, a escolha de dirigentes, entre outros.
Economy-wide Estimates of the Implications of Climate Change: Sea Level Rise

The economy-wide implications of sea level rise in 2050 are estimated using a static computable general equilibrium model. This allows for a better estimate of the welfare effects of sea level rise than the common direct cost estimates; and for an estimate of the impact of sea level rise on greenhouse gas emissions. Overall, general equilibrium effects increase the welfare costs of sea level rise, but not necessarily in every sector or region. In the absence of coastal protection, economies that rely most on agriculture are hit hardest. Although energy is substituted for land, overall energy consumption falls with the shrinking economy, hurting energy exporters. With full coastal protection, GDP increases, particularly in regions with substantial dike building, but utility falls, least in regions that protect their coasts and export energy. Energy prices rise and energy consumption falls. The costs of full protection exceed the costs of losing land. The results also show direct costs – the usual method for estimating welfare changes due to sea level rise – are a bad approximation of the general equilibrium welfare effects; previous estimates of the economic impact of sea level rise are therefore biased.
Requirement of CD3 Complex–associated Signaling Functions for Expression of Rearranged T Cell Receptor β VDJ Genes in Early Thymic Development

During αβ thymocyte development, the clonotypic αβ–T cell receptor (TCR) is preceded by sequentially expressed immature versions of the TCR–CD3 complex: the pre-TCR, containing a clonotypic TCR-β chain and invariant pre-Tα, is expressed on pre-T cells before rearrangement of the TCR-α locus. Moreover, clonotype-independent CD3 complexes (CIC) appear on pro-T cells before VDJ rearrangements of TCR-β genes. The pre-TCR is known to mediate TCR-β selection, the prerequisite for maturation of CD4−8− double negative (DN) thymocytes to the CD4+8+ double positive stage. A developmental function of CIC has so far not been delineated. In mice single deficient and double deficient for CD3ζ/η and/or p56lck, we observe a pronounced reduction in the proportions of CD25+ DN thymocytes that express intracellular TCR-β chains. TCR-β transcripts are reduced in parallel with TCR-β polypeptide chains whereas no reduction in TCR-β locus rearrangements could be detected. Wild-type levels of TCR-β transcripts and of cells expressing TCR-β polypeptide chains are induced by treatment with anti-CD3ε mAb. The data suggest that the initial expression of rearranged TCR-β VDJ genes in pro-T cell to pre-T cell progression is dependent on CD3 complex signaling, and thus define a putative developmental function for CIC.
The Partisan and the Value-based Component of Left-Right Self-placement: A Comparative Study

This article takes Ronald Inglehart's and Hans-Dieter Klingemann's (1976) study regarding party and ideological components of left-right identification as a point of departure for a comparative analysis of the relationship between party choice, value orientations and left-right self-placement. The empirical analysis is based on eight and thirteen countries from 1981 and 1990, respectively. Party choice is still the dominant predictor of left-right self-placement although its dominance is not as large as was shown in Inglehart and Klingemann's analysis. However, if value orientations are considered prior to party choice in a causal sense, value orientations have a larger impact than party choice in most countries. Fragmentation of the party system and the division between advanced and less advanced societies are used to explain the cross-national variations. When the explained variance in the left-right scale is decomposed into unique components explained by party choice and value orientations and a compounded component, a strong compounded component is characteristic in advanced societies, while a strong partisan component is found in less advanced societies and in less fragmented party systems.
Automatic Model-Based Segmentation of the Heart in CT Images

Automatic image processing methods are a pre-requisite to efficiently analyze the large amount of image data produced by computed tomography (CT) scanners during cardiac exams. This paper introduces a model-based approach for the fully automatic segmentation of the whole heart (four chambers, myocardium, and great vessels) from 3-D CT images. Model adaptation is done by progressively increasing the degrees-of-freedom of the allowed deformations. This improves convergence as well as segmentation accuracy. The heart is first localized in the image using a 3-D implementation of the generalized Hough transform. Pose misalignment is corrected by matching the model to the image making use of a global similarity transformation. The complex initialization of the multicompartment mesh is then addressed by assigning an affine transformation to each anatomical region of the model. Finally, a deformable adaptation is performed to accurately match the boundaries of the patient's anatomy. A mean surface-to-surface error of 0.82 mm was measured in a leave-one-out quantitative validation carried out on 28 images. Moreover, the piecewise affine transformation introduced for mesh initialization and adaptation shows better interphase and interpatient shape variability characterization than commonly used principal component analysis.
A Unifying Framework of Mining Trajectory Patterns of Various Temporal Tightness

Discovering trajectory patterns is shown to be very useful in learning interactions between moving objects. Many types of trajectory patterns have been proposed in the literature, but previous methods were developed for only a specific type of trajectory patterns. This limitation could make pattern discovery tedious and inefficient since users typically do not know which types of trajectory patterns are hidden in their data sets. Our main observation is that many trajectory patterns can be arranged according to the strength of temporal constraints. In this paper, we propose a unifying framework of mining trajectory patterns of various temporal tightness, which we call unifying trajectory patterns (UT-patterns). This framework consists of two phases: initial pattern discovery and granularity adjustment. A set of initial patterns are discovered in the first phase, and their granularities (i.e., levels of detail) are adjusted by split and merge to detect other types in the second phase. As a result, the structure called a pattern forest is constructed to show various patterns. Both phases are guided by an information-theoretic formula without user intervention. Experimental results demonstrate that our framework facilitates easy discovery of various patterns from real-world trajectory data.
GeoBench: a geospatial integration tool for building a spatial entity matching benchmark

In the last decade, a large market for location-based services and geospatial applications has emerged. Multiple cartographic providers propose their visualization tool for displaying points of interests. However, the data describing spatial entities is often incomplete and contradictory from one provider to another, thus limiting further applications such as geospatial data mining. Recent works in entity matching tackle this issue by discovering correspondences between spatial entities that refer to the same real world location. To evaluate and compare these works, we propose GeoBench, a tool which facilitates the building of a benchmark for spatial entity matching.
Mapping the terrain of educational leadership and management in East Asia

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to gain perspective on the extent to which the vision for knowledge production in East Asia set forth by Bajunid, Cheng, Hallinger, Walker, Dimmock and others almost 20 years ago has been fulfilled. The authors undertook an effort to map the terrain of knowledge production in educational leadership and management in East Asia since the year 2000. Their method of mapping this terrain involves the analysis of trends in publication of articles about and/or from East Asia in eight core educational leadership and management journals.Design/methodology/approach – The authors’ methodology employed a descriptive, quantitative form of literature review. They identified a clearly delimited body of literature, comprised of all articles published about or from East Asia between 2000 and 2011 in eight core educational leadership and management journals. Then they employed a systematic search for information within that literature and analyzed trends across the studies. This allow.
An auto‐biographical approach to understanding migration: the case of Hong Kong emigrants

Summary This paper seeks to make a methodological contribution by evaluating the autobiographical approach and its application to migration research. The migration act is seen as a manifestation of an individual's identity. This is moulded by many social influences over an individual's lifecourse. The paper explores the realm of practical consciousness (Giddens 1984) using a biographical approach in an attempt to identify the values underpinning the intentions of professional emigrants from Hong Kong.
A quantitative gram reaction.

At the present time there is no satisfactory procedure for estimating the degree of gram positivity although the need for a quantitative method is widely recognized. Recently Kennedy and Barbaro (1953) reported an accurate and reproducible method for determining quantitatively the adsorption of crytl violet by bacteria. In addition, the effect of the species and strain of the organism used, the method of killing the cells, and the time in contact with the dye on the quantitative adsorption of crystal violet were studied. The present report describes the application of this quantitative procedure to the gram reaction, the effect of dye concentration on the quantitative adsorption of crystal violet, and the significance of the dye concentration and the counterstain in the gram reaction.
Probabilistic Marching Cubes

In this paper we revisit the computation and visualization of equivalents to isocontours in uncertain scalar fields. We model uncertainty by discrete random fields and, in contrast to previous methods, also take arbitrary spatial correlations into account. Starting with joint distributions of the random variables associated to the sample locations, we compute level crossing probabilities for cells of the sample grid. This corresponds to computing the probabilities that the well‐known symmetry‐reduced marching cubes cases occur in random field realizations. For Gaussian random fields, only marginal density functions that correspond to the vertices of the considered cell need to be integrated. We compute the integrals for each cell in the sample grid using a Monte Carlo method. The probabilistic ansatz does not suffer from degenerate cases that usually require case distinctions and solutions of ill‐conditioned problems. Applications in 2D and 3D, both to synthetic and real data from ensemble simulations in climate research, illustrate the influence of spatial correlations on the spatial distribution of uncertain isocontours.
Chemical changes of heat treated pine and eucalypt wood monitored by FTIR

A hardwood, Eucalyptus globulus Labill. , and a softwood Pinus pinaster Aiton. , were heat treated at temperatures between 170 and 210oC in an oven and in an autoclave. The samples were pre-extracted with dichloromethane, ethanol and water and ground prior to Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic analysis. The heat treatment caused significant changes in the chemical composition and structure of wood, in lignin and polysaccharides. Hemicelluloses were the first to degrade as proved by the initial decrease of the 1730 cm-1 peak due to the breaking of acetyl groups in xylan. Hardwood lignin changed more than softwood lignin, with a shift of maximum absorption from 1505 cm-1 to approximately 1512 cm-1 due to decrease of methoxyl groups, loss of syringyl units or breaking of aliphatic side-chains. The macromolecular structure becomes more condensed and there is a clear increase of non-conjugated (1740 cm-1) in relation to conjugated groups (1650 cm-1). However, the changes induced by the thermal treatment are difficult to monitor by FTIR spectroscopy due to the different chemical reactions occurring simultaneously.
Homocysteine, vitamin B12, folate and cognitive functions: a systematic and critical review of the literature

Elevated serum homocysteine, decreased folate and low vitamin B12 serum levels are associated with poor cognitive function, cognitive decline and dementia. Despite evidence of an epidemiological association, randomised controlled trials did not provide any clear evidence so far that supplementation with vitamin B12 and/or folate improves dementia or slows cognitive decline, even though it might normalise homocysteine levels. In this report, we review the current knowledge on the relationship between homocysteine, folate and vitamin B12 levels and the way their disruption influences cognitive function in adults.
Neuroengineering Original Research Article

activity, which might offer a better prospect for long-term recording stability. Furthermore, since ECoG recording does not penetrate the cortex, signal-prohibitive encapsulation, an obstacle in chronic SUA recording, is less likely to occur during long-term implantation ECoG signals have been used to decode a limited set of discrete hand movements (Levine et al. However, little is known about the level of long-term stability that ECoG-based decoding can offer, even though chronic implantation of ECoG electrodes has been conducted previously in animals and humans (Loeb et al. Margalit et al., 2003). Moreover, only few ECoG studies attempted decoding intended motion during asynchronous tasks (Schalk et al., 2007; Pistohl et al., 2008), where no explicit cues were provided to initiate movement, which could enable more naturalistic control in BMI applications. Here, we simultaneously recorded multiple motor parameters for high degree-of-freedom (DOF) arm motion and ECoG signals from multiple cortical areas during an asynchronous
Developing Corpora for Sentiment Analysis: The Case of Irony and Senti-TUT (Extended Abstract)

This paper focusses on the main issues related to the development of a corpus for opinion and sentiment analysis, with a special attention to irony, and presents as a case study Senti‐TUT, a project for Italian aimed at investigating sentiment and irony in social media. We present the Senti‐TUT corpus, a collection of texts from Twitter annotated with sentiment polarity. We describe the dataset, the annotation, the methodologies applied and our investigations on two important features of irony: polarity reversing and emotion expressions.
Humor and Advertising Effectiveness after Repeated Exposures to a Radio Commercial

Abstract This study tested a model relating humor perceived after repeated exposures to a commercial message to measures of advertising effectiveness. These effectiveness variables are recall of the brand name and advertising copy, attitude toward the advertised brand, stated purchase probability and actual brand choice. The findings indicated that adding humor to a conventional hierarchy-of-effects model does not improve the model's overall explanatory power. However, humor was found to be negatively related to recall and was positively related to brand attitude; both relationships were predicted based on literature in this area.
A Staphylococcus aureus ypfP mutant with strongly reduced lipoteichoic acid (LTA) content: LTA governs bacterial surface properties and autolysin activity

Many Gram‐positive bacteria produce lipoteichoic acid (LTA) polymers whose physiological roles have remained a matter of debate because of the lack of LTA‐deficient mutants. The ypfP gene responsible for biosynthesis of a glycolipid found in LTA was deleted in Staphylococcus aureus SA113, causing 87% reduction of the LTA content. Mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy revealed that the mutant LTA contained a diacylglycerol anchor instead of the glycolipid, whereas the remaining part was similar to the wild‐type polymer except that it was shorter. The LTA mutant strain revealed no major changes in patterns of cell wall proteins or autolytic enzymes compared with the parental strain indicating that LTA may be less important in S. aureus protein attachment than previously thought. However, the autolytic activity of the mutant was strongly reduced demonstrating a role of LTA in controlling autolysin activity. Moreover, the hydrophobicity of the LTA mutant was altered and its ability to form biofilms on plastic was completely abrogated indicating a profound impact of LTA on physicochemical properties of bacterial surfaces. We propose to consider LTA and its biosynthetic enzymes as targets for new antibiofilm strategies.