Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reducing Uncertainty of Schema Matching via Crowdsourcing

Schema matching is a central challenge for data integration systems. Automated tools are often uncertain about schema matchings they suggest, and this uncertainty is inherent since it arises from the inability of the schema to fully capture the semantics of the represented data. Human common sense can often help. Inspired by the popularity and the success of easily accessible crowdsourcing platforms, we explore the use of crowdsourcing to reduce the uncertainty of schema matching. Since it is typical to ask simple questions on crowdsourcing platforms, we assume that each question, namely Correspondence Correctness Question (CCQ), is to ask the crowd to decide whether a given correspondence should exist in the correct matching. We propose frameworks and efficient algorithms to dynamically manage the CCQs, in order to maximize the uncertainty reduction within a limited budget of questions. We develop two novel approaches, namely "Single CCQ" and "Multiple CCQ", which adaptively select, publish and manage the questions. We verified the value of our solutions with simulation and real implementation.
The role of the locus coeruleus-noradrenaline system in temporal attention and uncertainty processing

This dissertation explores the involvement of the locus-coeruleus-noradrenaline (LC-NE) system in both temporal attention and uncertainty processing. To this end, a number of cognitive tasks are used (Stroop, passive viewing, attentional blink, accessory stimulus, auditory oddball) and a number of techniques are utilized (electroencephalogram [EEG], pupillometry, phsychopharmacology).
Significance of Diffusion Tensor Imaging of Vastus Medialis Oblique in Recurrent Patellar Dislocation

Background: Numerous studies have investigated the influence of osseous factors on patellofemoral joint instability, but research on the influence of dynamic muscle factors in vivo is still in the exploratory stage. This study aimed to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to evaluate vastus medialis oblique (VMO) fiber bundles in patients with recurrent patellar dislocation to explore the changes in muscle morphology and function. Methods: This prospective study involved 30 patients (7 males and 23 females; average age, 21.4 ± 3.8 years) clinically diagnosed with recurrent patellar dislocation in Peking University Third Hospital and 30 healthy volunteers matched for age, sex, and body mass index in our medical school between January 2014 and October 2014. None of the patients had a recent history of traumatic patellar dislocation or transient patellar dislocation. All patients underwent conventional MRI and DTI of the knee. The cross-sectional area of the VMO on MRI and the fractional anisotropy (FA), apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and primary (&lgr;1), secondary (&lgr;2), and three-level characteristic (&lgr;3) values on DTI were measured. The independent-samples t-test was used to compare these parameters between the two groups. Results: Compared with the control group, the patient group showed significantly higher FA values (0.39 ± 0.05 vs. 0.33 ± 0.03) and significantly lower ADC (1.51 ± 0.13 vs. 1.58 ± 0.07), &lgr;2 (4.96 ± 0.13 vs. 5.04 ± 0.07), and &lgr;3 values (4.44 ± 0.14 vs. 4.58 ± 0.07; t = 5.99, t = –2.58, t = –3.02, and t = –4.88, respectively; all P < 0.05). Cross-sectional VMO area and &lgr;1 values did not differ between the two groups (t = –1.82 and t = 0.22, respectively; both P > 0.05). Conclusions: The functional status of the VMO is closely associated with recurrent patellar dislocation. MRI, especially DTI (FA, ADC, &lgr;2, and &lgr;3), can detect early changes in VMO function and might facilitate the noninvasive monitoring of the functional status of the VMO in patients with recurrent patellar dislocation.
Personality Predictors Of Academic Achievement In Gifted Students: Mediation By Socio-Cognitive And Motivational Variables

This quantitative study investigated the predictive role of the Big Five personality traits on academic achievement and its mediation by self-efficacy in self-regulated learning and academic motivation within the sample of gifted students (N = 161). The ACT or ACT Explore scores were used as a measure of academic achievement. The first question asked about the relationships between the Big Five personality traits and all other measured variables. Agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness were found to have significant associations with the ACT/ACT Explore composite and subtest scores. The second research question asked if personality, motivation, and selfregulatory efficacy differed by grade and gender. The results revealed that middle school students scored significantly higher than high school students on extraversion. Female students scored higher on neuroticism and lower on extraversion compared to their male counterparts. In addition, female students had more controlled type of motivation than male students. The third question was about the interplay between personality traits, selfregulatory efficacy, academic motivation, and academic achievement. Self-regulatory efficacy, controlled motivation, and autonomous motivation were hypothesized to serve as mediators in the relationships between personality traits and academic achievement. Of the Big Five traits, conscientiousness, agreeableness, and openness were presented in the path analysis model. All three personality traits had direct effects on academic
Caregiving as mobility constraint and opportunity: married daughters providing end of life care in northern Ghana

Abstract In the global south where care services are sparse and familial care remains practically and socially important, end of life care often occurs within families. Furthermore, in health care related policy development, care is often assumed to be ensured by ‘traditional’ norms of extended family relationships. In this context, the demands of providing care may require care providers to relocate, as well as reorganize their everyday responsibilities. This article contributes to geographies of care by offering an examination of the mobility constraints experienced by married and externally-resident daughters seeking to provide end of life care to a parent in northern Ghana. Drawing on ethnographic research, I examine how particular familial relationships are embedded with socially constructed labour obligations, leading to conflicting responsibilities at a parent’s end of life. I then consider how a woman as a daughter works to overcome these constraints to provide end of life care. I conclude that understanding the mobility of care providers can contribute to avoiding potentially damaging assumptions of ‘traditional’ norms of care and is an important consideration towards understanding the geographies of care in the rural global south.
Research Note Examining non-religious groups in Britain: theistic belief and social correlates

Abstract Major changes in religious belonging in Britain in recent decades have included a marked decline in levels of Christian affiliation and a growing segment of society who profess no affiliation—the ‘religious nones’. This research note uses a contemporary opinion poll to examine the groupings within the broad ‘religious nones’ category, focusing on those who identify as atheist or agnostic or who profess some other non-religion identity. This research note examines the patterning in theistic belief across these groups and assesses the socio-demographic correlates of these groups. At each stage, the non-religious groups are compared with those who profess a religious affiliation. These empirical findings are of note, given trends in the British religious landscape and wider scholarly debates about the nature and extent of secularisation, and should encourage future research in the area of non-religion.
Applying the Pyramid Method in DUC 2005

In DUC 2005, the pyramid method for content evaluation was used for the first time in a crosssite evaluation. We discuss the method used in creating pyramid models and performing peer annotation. Analysis of score averages for the peers indicates that the best systems score half as well as humans, and that systems can be grouped into better and worse performers. There were few significant differences among systems. High score correlations between sets from different annotators, and good interannotator agreement, indicate that participants can perform annotation reliably. We found that a modified pyramid score gave good results and would simplify peer annotation in the future.
Influence of body mass index and total testosterone level on biochemical recurrence following radical prostatectomy.

OBJECTIVE A high body mass index (BMI) and a low testosterone level were recently reported to be prognostic factors for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) recurrence following radical prostatectomy (RP). The goal of this study was to clarify their relationship and influences on biochemical recurrence after RP. METHODS We analysed 126 patients whose data, including the pre-operative BMI and pre-operative serum total testosterone level, were available. All patients underwent RP at our institution between March 1998 and April 2006 without any adjuvant therapy or pelvic lymph node metastasis. The Cox proportional hazards model was used for the multivariate analysis regarding PSA recurrence for the variables of age, operation period, BMI, clinical stage, PSA, Gleason's sum, pre-operative serum total testosterone level and margin status. RESULTS There were no internal correlations among the parameters we used, even between BMI and the total testosterone level. The total testosterone level was not different between two BMI groups (BMI <26.4 and >/=26.4 kg/m(2): the cut-off is the mean + 1 SD). BMI, PSA and Gleason's sum were found to be independent predictors for PSA recurrence through the multivariate analysis. PSA recurrence-free survival rates at 2 years were 77% for BMI <26.4 kg/m(2), and 31% for BMI >/=26.4 kg/m(2) (P = 0.002, log-rank test, 95% CI: 1.489-7.726). CONCLUSIONS The current study suggests that high BMI independently contributes to PSA recurrence but that the total testosterone level does not. Although the mechanism by which obesity promotes PSA recurrence in RP patients has not been established, careful observation is needed for patients with high BMI.
Prevalence and risk factors of morning headaches in the general population.

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of chronic morning headaches (CMH) in the general population and their relationship to sociodemographic characteristics, psychoactive substance use, and organic, sleep, and mental disorders. METHODS A telephone questionnaire was submitted to 18 980 individuals 15 years or older and representative of the general populations of the United Kingdom, Germany, Italy, Portugal, and Spain. It included a series of questions about morning headaches, organic disorders, use of psychoactive substances, and sleep and mental disorders in accordance with the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV). RESULTS Overall, the prevalence of CMH was 7.6% (n = 1442); CMH were reported to occur "daily" by 1.3% of the sample, "often" by 4.4%, and "sometimes" by 1.9%. Rates were higher in women than in men (8.4% vs 6.7%) and in subjects aged between 45 and 64 years (about 9%). The median duration for CMH was 42 months. Various conditions and disorders were found positively associated with CMH. The most significant associated factors were comorbid anxiety and depressive disorders (28.5% vs 5.5%), major depressive disorder alone (21.3% vs 5.5%), dyssomnia not otherwise specified (17.1% vs 6.9%), insomnia disorder (14.4% vs 6.9%), and circadian rhythm disorder (20.0% vs 7.5%). Sleep-related breathing disorder (15.2% vs 7.5%), hypertension (11.0% vs 7.2%), musculoskeletal diseases (14.1% vs 7.1%), use of anxiolytic medication (20.1% vs 7.3%), and heavy alcohol consumption (12.6% vs 7.7%) were also significantly associated with CMH. CONCLUSIONS Morning headache affects 1 individual in 13 in the general population. Chronic morning headaches are a good indicator of major depressive disorders and insomnia disorders. Contrary to what was previously suggested, however, they are not specific to sleep-related breathing disorder.
Evaluating Asset Pricing Models Using the Second Hansen-Jagannathan Distance

We develop a specification test and a sequence of model selection procedures for non-nested, overlapping, and nested models based on the second Hansen-Jagannathan distance, which requires a good asset pricing model to not only have small pricing errors but also be arbitrage free. Our methods have reasonably good finite sample performances and are more powerful than existing ones in detecting misspecified models with small pricing errors but are not arbitrage-free and in differentiating models that have similar pricing errors of a given set of test assets. Using the Fama and French size and book-to-market portfolios, we reach dramatically different conclusions on model performances based on our approach and existing methods.
CPHD filter addressing occlusions with pedestrians and vehicles tracking

In this paper, the problem of targets road tracking, like pedestrians and vehicles tracking is addressed. This paper proposes to improve a Cardinalized Probability Hypothesis Density (CPHD) filter in presence of occlusion using the sensor classification of each targets detected. Using this classification, a probability of target type is computed by Bayesian rules and used to deduce the width of targets. This width is necessary to take into account the occlusion problem in the Multi Target Tracking (MTT) filter. Besides, the probability of target type is also used to improve the performance of this MTT thanks to a new computation of the likelihood of measurements. Our system has been validated with real measurements from a smart camera in real traffic conditions.
EXPRESSIVE ARTS THERAPY AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL INTERVENTION FOLLOWING SPORT INJURY

Creative art practices are key constituents and interventions that can not only enhance physical performance of athletes and their subsequent sporting activity but can also help them out in recovering from injury(s). The way to achieve this is by transferring psychological skills to an injury, within an artistic rehabilitation setting, which can safeguard the well-being of the affected sports-personnel. Essentially, suggests Pennebaker (1997b), various forms of creativity exploited within psychiatric therapy – „from psychoanalysis to social, interactive, behavioral, developmental, communicative and cognitive therapies – have been shown to reduce distress and to promote physical and mental well-being‟ (p.162). One key intervention has been the practice-based technique of writing creatively (Ansari & Lalani, 2013; Duncan, et al., 2013). A more widespread practice, however, that has been effectively utilized in most sports based therapies is integrating multiple forms of the Creative Arts in rehabilitation procedures(Arvinen-Barrow & Walker, 2013). This article explores the way varied forms of creative arts – that include music, painting, sculpturing, photography, and creative writing forms such as drama, poetry, or fiction – collectively labelled as „the Expressive Arts Therapies,‟ can be successfully housed into a curative mechanism to combat sports related injuries. This proposition will be established by drawing on current research in sport psychology, which will focus on key psychological concepts concerning, and typical mental and emotional responses related to, injury; and psychosomatic aspects of rehabilitation processes. The theoretical and practical contexts of Expressive Arts disciple will also be explained in detail, which will establish how different art forms inherently complement one another once setup in a therapeutic praxis, and coupled with the multi-diversified range of human expression, to relieve symptoms of emotional distress brought on by a sports injury.
Eddy Current Inspection of WWER Steam Generator Tubes-Sensitivity of Bobbin Probe Technique

Eddy current inspections are being commonly performed as a routine part of nuclear power plant in-service inspections. Important questions during analysing of inspection results are sensitivity and reliability of applied eddy current technique. One can meet with following type of questions: Does inspection of all tubes in tube bundle mean detection of all defects? What is the sensitivity of applied technique? What is the probability of detection of damage with given depth? These questions of course deserve the answers, even if we know, that a simple question in many cases requires difficult answer. The aim of this paper is to enlighten aspect of sensitivity of WWER steam generator heat exchanging tubes testing. Results of experimental works performed in VUJE, a.s. laboratories are presented. Scope of research work included eddy current measurements of the tubes encompassing stress corrosion cracking type of defects. Eddy current results have been compared to metallographic analysis results afterwards.
Experimentations with TCP Selective

1 Abstract This paper describes experiments on TCP with Selective Acknowledgment (TCP-Sack). The purpose of these experiments is to address some performance issues with TCP-Sack. We measured rst the bene-t of using TCP-Sack, in comparison with using the current TCP implementation, TCP-Reno. We ran some tests on TCP-Sack and TCP-Reno, both on a testbed in our lab and on the real Internet, under various conditions of link delay and losses. We looked speciically at the problem of long delay satellite link and ran extensive tests with long delay. Finally, we studied the negative impact of TCP-Sack on TCP-Reno. We ran experiments with multiple connections and studied how TCP-Reno behaved when competing against TCP-Sack. The selective acknowledgment option is a new option of TCP, which is described in the RFC 2018 8]. The purpose of this option is to make TCP a Selective Repeat transport protocol, instead of the current Go-back-N protocol which uses cumulative acknowledgments. This allows TCP to recover from multiple losses within the same window more quickly. With the current TCP implementation (TCP-Reno), the sender can recover from an isolated packet loss, using the fast retransmit and fast recovery mechanisms 13]. But, when multiple packets are lost, the sender will time-out most of the time and enter a slow-start phase ((7],,13]). This slow-start, which reduces the window size to one, is particularly damageable to the performance of TCP. The Sack option appears in the SYN segments during the conversation setup. A TCP stack that supports Sack is instructed to put a SackOk option in its SYN. If both end advertise Sack, then both ends will make use of Selective Acknowledgments. If one end does not advertise Sack, it means that it is not supported, and the other end shall not try to process or generate Sack blocks. This mechanism will allow incremental deployment of TCP-Sack. Assuming that both end can generate Selective Acknowledgments , let's look at the receiver's end rst. If a packet is dropped, it creates a hole in the window of data. If the receiver gets the packet that comes after the hole, it sends a duplicate ACK for the packet before the hole, just like TCP-Reno. The diierence here is that in the ACK, a Sack option contains a pair of sequence numbers which describe the block of data that was received out-of-order. Given the maximum size of the TCP options (40 bytes), there …
Language and cognition in bilinguals

A couple of years ago Benedetta Bassetti and I accepted an invitation from the American Journal of Psychology to review each other’s books: Language and Bilingual Cognition (Cook and Bassetti 2011) and Language and Cognition in Bilinguals and Multilinguals (De Groot 2011). Given the close resemblance of the two titles, the book review editor of the journal had naturally assumed that these volumes cover the same content and thought that a cross-review of both by the respective authors might be particularly informative for the journal’s readership, revealing both the established knowledge and the controversies in their common subject of enquiry. Initially I similarly assumed a largely overlapping content, but while carrying out my part of the commitment I soon noticed that the two volumes clearly complement one another, their titles emphasizing different senses of the component words. To avoid a similar misunderstanding in the readers of this chapter and to put them on track right away, I will start out demarcating and organizing the field of research covered by its title, by explaining a few of the field’s key terms and sketching the various lines of enquiry it comprises and the monolingual work it is grounded on. The remainder of this chapter will centre, from various angles, on lexical concepts, because these appear to constitute a clear interface between language and cognition and, as such, provide a link between the field’s diverse sub-areas of study.
Predictability of the Burgers dynamics under model uncertainty

Complex systems may be subject to various uncertainties. A great effort has been concentrated on predicting the dynamics under uncertainty in initial conditions. In the present work, we consider the well-known Burgers equation with random boundary forcing or with random body forcing. Our goal is to attempt to understand the stochastic Burgers dynamics by predicting or estimating the solution processes in various diagnostic metrics, such as mean length scale, correlation function and mean energy. First, for the linearized model, we observe that the important statistical quantities like mean energy or correlation functions are the same for the two types of random forcing, even though the solutions behave very differently. Second, for the full nonlinear model, we estimate the mean energy for various types of random body forcing, highlighting the different impact on the overall dynamics of space-time white noises, trace class white-in-time and colored-in-space noises, point noises, additive noises or multiplicative noises.
Protection Against Infarction Afforded by Preconditioning is Mediated by A1 Adenosine Receptors in Rabbit Heart

BackgroundPreconditioning (5 minutes of ischemia followed by 10 minutes of recovery) renders the heart very resistant to infarction from subsequent ischemia. This study tests whether adenosine receptors might mediate preconditioning protection. Methods and ResultsWe examined the effect on infarct size of pretreatment with either of two adenosine receptor antagonists in both control and preconditioned in situ rabbit hearts. Hearts underwent 30 minutes of regional ischemia plus 3 hours of reperfusion, and infarct size was measured with tetrazolium. Infarct size averaged 39% of the zone at risk in controls but only 8% in preconditioned hearts. Preconditioned and nonpreconditioned hearts receiving either blocker had infarcts not different in size from the controls. A 5-minute intracoronary infusion of adenosine was as effective as 5 minutes of ischemia in protecting parabiotically perfused isolated hearts against infarction from a 45-minute ischemic insult. Similarly, intracoronary infusion of N6-1-(phenyl-2R-isopropyl)adenosine, an A l-selective adenosine receptor agonist, at a dose that delayed conduction but did not dilate the coronary vessels, also limited infarct size. The protection disappeared when we reduced the coronary concentration of drug by intravenous infusion of adenosine, indicating that cardiac rather than peripheral receptors were involved in the protection. ConclusionsWe conclude that adenosine released during the preconditioning occlusion stimulates cardiac A 1 receptors, which leaves the heart protected against infarction even after the adenosine has been withdrawn. (Circulation 1991;84:350–356)