Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acute Acalculous Cholecystitis in a Patient with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Treated with Sunitinib

A 55-year old man was treated with sunitinib 50 mg/day for 4 weeks on and 2 weeks off, as a first-line therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma. During the fourth week of the first cycle, he was admitted to the Emergency Department with abdominal pain and vomiting. Acute acalculous cholecystitis was diagnosed. Sunitnib-associated cholecystitis is a rare adverse event previously reported in few cases. The mechanism behind this complication is not fully understood, although vascular endothelial dysfunction may play a role. The use of this drug is expanding in clinical oncology, and physicians should be aware of this life-threating adverse event.
Dietary Proteins as Determinants of Metabolic and Physiologic Functions of the Gastrointestinal Tract

Dietary proteins elicit a wide range of nutritional and biological functions. Beyond their nutritional role as the source of amino acids for protein synthesis, they are instrumental in the regulation of food intake, glucose and lipid metabolism, blood pressure, bone metabolism and immune function. The interaction of dietary proteins and their products of digestion with the regulatory functions of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract plays a dominant role in determining the physiological properties of proteins. The site of interaction is widespread, from the oral cavity to the colon. The characteristics of proteins that influence their interaction with the GI tract in a source-dependent manner include their physico-chemical properties, their amino acid composition and sequence, their bioactive peptides, their digestion kinetics and also the non-protein bioactive components conjugated with them. Within the GI tract, these products affect several regulatory functions by interacting with receptors releasing hormones, affecting stomach emptying and GI transport and absorption, transmitting neural signals to the brain, and modifying the microflora. This review discusses the interaction of dietary proteins during digestion and absorption with the physiological and metabolic functions of the GI tract, and illustrates the importance of this interaction in the regulation of amino acid, glucose, lipid metabolism, and food intake.
Investment and Market Dominance

We analyze a model of oligopolistic competition with ongoing investment. Special cases include incremental investment, patent races, learning by doing, and network externalities. We investigate circumstances under which a firm with low costs or high quality will extend its initial lead through investments. To this end, we derive a new comparative statics result for general games with strategic substitutes, which yields the desired conditions for our investment game. Finally, we highlight plausible countervailing effects that arise when investments of leaders are less effective than those of laggards, or in dynamic games when firms are sufficiently patient.
The influence of field size, player number and rule changes on the physiological responses and movement demands of small-sided games for cricket training

Abstract This study investigated the physiological responses and movement demands associated with modified versions of small-sided games for cricket training, termed ‘Battlezone’. Eleven (22.2 ± 3.6 years; 1.80 ± 0.06 m; 81.7 ± 11.4 kg) male, cricket players volunteered to perform each of four modified 8-over scenarios of Battlezone. Modifications to Battlezone included reducing the field size, removal of a fielder, a combination of these modifications and additional rule changes. Heart rate, blood lactate concentration, rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and the movement patterns of participants were measured during each scenario. The total distances covered per 8-over bout ranged from 626 ± 335 m for wicketkeepers to 1795 ± 457 m for medium-fast bowlers; although similar distances (P > 0.05) were covered within positions between the four different scenarios. Between scenarios, the greatest mean speed, heart rate and blood lactate responses occurred when the rules were changed, resulting in increased movement patterns (P < 0.05), most notably for batsmen and wicketkeepers. In contrast, altering the playing field size or player number did not significantly influence (P > 0.05) these responses. These results suggest that the physical demands of cricket-specific training can be increased via rule variations including hit-and-run activities, more so than field size or player number.
Understanding how project critical success factors affect organizational benefits from enterprise systems

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present and test a model that seeks to answer Robey et al.'s challenge that “ERP's critical success factors offer few insights beyond conventional wisdom. ” The model proposes that many so‐called critical success factors (CSFs) affect organizational benefits from enterprise systems use (OBESU) through their impact on three outcomes of an enterprise systems (ES) implementation process, namely functional fit, overcoming organizational inertia, and delivering a working system.Design/methodology/approach – The model is tested using content analysis of 133 customer presentations at SAP's April 2007 Sapphire USA Conference.Findings – The benefit‐driver approach appears to provide at least one good answer to Robey et al.'s challenge.Research limitations/implications – It seems likely that the model is valid for most large Western organizations implementing ES.Practical implications – The model provides new insights into how and why the CSFs affect benefits from ES.Origina.
Importance of pain evaluation for more accurate diagnosis of painful diabetic polyneuropathy.

UNLABELLED Pain is a common problem in diabetic neuropathy, but relatively little has been published regarding the extent to which it needs to be addressed in clinical practice. OBJECTIVE To assess neuropathic pain profile and its association with quantitative sensory testing in painful diabetic polyneuropathy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Altogether, 61 consecutive diabetic inpatients with symmetric neuropathic complaints were enrolled. Clinical neurological examination and quantitative sensory testing (QST) were performed. Patients were interviewed using the Neuropathic Pain Scale (NPS) and filled in the McGill Pain Questionnaire (MPQ). RESULTS Of all patients, 49 (80.3%) had clinical diabetic polyneuropathy. Only 17 of these patients complained of lower extremity pain on an initial interview, while 27 marked it in the MPQ. The intensity of deep and superficial pain did not differ, but patients rated deep pain as more unpleasant than superficial (6.27±2.37 vs. 4.30±1.42 on the NPS, P=0.034). Superficial pain NPS items tended to correlate with QST results, while deep pain items did not. Only female gender (OR=7.87) and lower glycosylated hemoglobin level (OR=0.65) were predictive of pain in case of diabetic neuropathy. CONCLUSIONS Standard pain questionnaires were useful in identifying pain sufferers. At the same intensity, deep neuropathic pain was more unpleasant than superficial. Pain manifestation was associated with female gender and lower level of glycosylated hemoglobin.
Education and Job Attitudes among Blue-Collar Workers

This paper presents national survey evidence from the 1972-1973 Michigan Quality of Employment Survey on the relationship between education and work satisfaction among blue-collar workers. Special attention is paid to the job outlooks of manual workers with one or more years of college education (who constitute approximately one-fifth of the white, male blue-collar category). Contrary to a common expectation, but consistent with previous research on the topic, the data show that among blue-collar workers, education and job satisfaction are not significantly related. Evidence on other aspects of attitudes towards work is also presented and discussed.
College Students as Writing Theorists: Goals and Beliefs about the Causes of Success

Abstract With students in undergraduate composition courses, we studied types of goals in writing and beliefs about how to write well. Four dimensions were distinguishable. The first involved aesthetic and expressive goals and associated beliefs. The second involved the goals of improving one′s logical reasoning ability and one′s knowledge of subject matter and the belief that successful writing depends on flexible strategies. The third involved the goal of being methodical and correct in surface-level conventions (e.g., punctuation and spelling) and the beliefs that successful writing requires an emphasis on the same concerns. A fourth dimension involved the beliefs that effective writing depends on systematic approaches, hard work, and conformity to traditional authority. Expressionistic goals and beliefs about success in writing were most strongly related to intrinsic commitment to writing. A more-or-less inverse pattern of associations was found for dualistic views of writing instruction. The results could have relevance for theory and research on motivation and the teaching of writing.
Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibodies against Hepatitis C Virus E2 Protein Bind Discontinuous Epitopes and Inhibit Infection at a Postattachment Step

ABSTRACT The E2 glycoprotein of hepatitis C virus (HCV) mediates viral attachment and entry into target hepatocytes and elicits neutralizing antibodies in infected patients. To characterize the structural and functional basis of HCV neutralization, we generated a novel panel of 78 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against E2 proteins from genotype 1a and 2a HCV strains. Using high-throughput focus-forming reduction or luciferase-based neutralization assays with chimeric infectious HCV containing structural proteins from both genotypes, we defined eight MAbs that significantly inhibited infection of the homologous HCV strain in cell culture. Two of these bound E2 proteins from strains representative of HCV genotypes 1 to 6, and one of these MAbs, H77.39, neutralized infection of strains from five of these genotypes. The three most potent neutralizing MAbs in our panel, H77.16, H77.39, and J6.36, inhibited infection at an early postattachment step. Receptor binding studies demonstrated that H77.39 inhibited binding of soluble E2 protein to both CD81 and SR-B1, J6.36 blocked attachment to SR-B1 and modestly reduced binding to CD81, and H77.16 blocked attachment to SR-B1 only. Using yeast surface display, we localized epitopes for the neutralizing MAbs on the E2 protein. Two of the strongly inhibitory MAbs, H77.16 and J6.36, showed markedly reduced binding when amino acids within hypervariable region 1 (HVR1) and at sites ∼100 to 200 residues away were changed, suggesting binding to a discontinuous epitope. Collectively, these studies help to define the structural and functional complexity of antibodies against HCV E2 protein with neutralizing potential.
Elderly Felons and Sentencing Severity: Interregional Variations in Leniency and Sentencing Trends

This research examines differences in sentencing severity for 4,848 elderly felons in selected counties in Florida, Georgia, and Tennessee, and from a sample of counties in Pennsylvania, Michigan, and Wisconsin, for the period from 1970 to 1984. An examination of sentencing trends for elderly offenders disclosed increasing leniency during the period of the investigation in all jurisdictions. Northern jurisdictions, however, were more severe on elderly offenders than were the southern jurisdictions. The proportion of elderly felony offenders in the southern jurisdictions was significantly higher than for northern jurisdictions, and an examination of the possible interaction effects of sentencing severity and social and regional variables yielded significant results.
Self-selected “favourite” stimulative and sedative music listening – how does familiar and preferred music listening affect the body?

There is a need for studies looking at the psychophysiological effects of everyday listening to favourite music since such listening is very common in modern societies and the extent to which arousing music can activate biological systems is being discussed. Effects of listening to two self-selected pieces of favourite music (stimulative and sedative respectively) on both aroused (sad/joyful, listless/energetic, worried/elated) and relaxed (tense/relaxed, anxious/calm) emotions were assessed by means of visual analogue scales. In addition, physiological outcome measures (heart rate, respiration rate and expiratory carbon dioxide) were used. Experimental subjects were 38 volunteering men and women. Each subject was asked to select his/her favourite “stimulative” music and then the same procedure was done for his/her favourite sedative music. Subjects listened to these two kinds of contrasting self-selected music in random order. Stimulative music resulted in aroused physiological responses – increased heart rate and respiratory rate as well as decreased carbon dioxide content in exhaled air. It also increased aroused feelings (joyous, elated and energetic), but did not affect sedative emotions (calm and relaxed). The self selected sedative music induced both aroused and sedative emotions and induced a slight but significant increase in heart rate. There were pronounced arousal effects of the favourite stimulatory music, whereas the effects of favourite sedative music were less predictable.
Categorization for Faces and Tools—Two Classes of Objects Shaped by Different Experience—Differs in Processing Timing, Brain Areas Involved, and Repetition Effects

The brain mechanisms that integrate the separate features of sensory input into a meaningful percept depend upon the prior experience of interaction with the object and differ between categories of objects. Recent studies using representational similarity analysis (RSA) have characterized either the spatial patterns of brain activity for different categories of objects or described how category structure in neuronal representations emerges in time, but never simultaneously. Here we applied a novel, region-based, multivariate pattern classification approach in combination with RSA to magnetoencephalography data to extract activity associated with qualitatively distinct processing stages of visual perception. We asked participants to name what they see whilst viewing bitonal visual stimuli of two categories predominantly shaped by either value-dependent or sensorimotor experience, namely faces and tools, and meaningless images. We aimed to disambiguate the spatiotemporal patterns of brain activity between the meaningful categories and determine which differences in their processing were attributable to either perceptual categorization per se, or later-stage mentalizing-related processes. We have extracted three stages of cortical activity corresponding to low-level processing, category-specific feature binding, and supra-categorical processing. All face-specific spatiotemporal patterns were associated with bilateral activation of ventral occipito-temporal areas during the feature binding stage at 140–170 ms. The tool-specific activity was found both within the categorization stage and in a later period not thought to be associated with binding processes. The tool-specific binding-related activity was detected within a 210–220 ms window and was located to the intraparietal sulcus of the left hemisphere. Brain activity common for both meaningful categories started at 250 ms and included widely distributed assemblies within parietal, temporal, and prefrontal regions. Furthermore, we hypothesized and tested whether activity within face and tool-specific binding-related patterns would demonstrate oppositely acting effects following procedural perceptual learning. We found that activity in the ventral, face-specific network increased following the stimuli repetition. In contrast, tool processing in the dorsal network adapted by reducing its activity over the repetition period. Altogether, we have demonstrated that activity associated with visual processing of faces and tools during the categorization stage differ in processing timing, brain areas involved, and in their dynamics underlying stimuli learning.
Biodistribution of ultrasmall iron oxide particles in the rat liver

Ferumoxtran, an ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide particle, can be located in several tissue compartments in the liver, namely the extracellular space (blood and interstitium), reticuloendothelial cells, and possibly hepatocytes. To better understand the compartmental distribution of ferumoxtran in the liver, we performed a longitudinal study in the rat using microscopy and magnetic resonance imaging. At light microscopy, no substantial cellular uptake of ferumoxtran was observed before one hour after injection. With a dose of 15 μmol Fe/kg, the number of ferumoxtran particles in the reticuloendothelial cells peaked between one and four hours and with a 150 μmol Fe/kg dose, it peaked between eight and 24 hours. Within hepatocytes, only sparse particles were observed with electron microscopy, at a dose of 150 μmol Fe/kg. Imaging performed up until one hour after ferumoxtran injection showed a significant increase in liver signal intensity on T1‐weighted images. These results suggest that ferumoxtran mainly acts as an extracellular agent for at least one hour in the rat and that reticuloendothelial accumulation peaks at later time points. Substantial uptake within hepatocytes did not occur. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2001;13:594–599. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Developing Legally Correct and Educationally Meaningful IEPs Using Curriculum-Based Measurement

The individualized education program (IEP) has been the cornerstone of special education since the Education for All Handicapped Children's Act became law in 1975. Nevertheless, IEPs have been fraught with legal and educational problems. In this article we examine the process for developing IEPs and suggest that, by using curriculum-based measurement, school districts can ensure that they develop and implement IEPs that both meet the requirements of the law and provide meaningful educational programs for students with disabilities who have basic skills deficits. We begin by examining problems in IEP development, focusing on violations of the IEP process. Then, we discuss the three major components of the IEP. Finally, we present a case study of the use of curriculum-based measurement to develop legally correct and educationally meaningful IEPs.
Academic and Behavioral Characteristics of Learning Disabled Children and Average Achievers: Longitudinal Studies

Longitudinal research in the area of learning disabilities has been lacking for some time. The study reported here is an attempt to chart the development of newly identified LD children over the early elementary school years while they are receiving LD services in the public school. This paper includes initial behavioral and academic data for a large sample of 6- and 7-year-old LD and normally achieving students, and charts the progress of about half the children over a 3-year period using teacher rating scales, a classroom observational system, and an achievement test. Results of the study over the three years show that LD children fall progressively further behind their normal peers in reading comprehension. In math, they stay relatively the same distance below their peers. The LD subjects' behavior relative to that of their peers is suboptimal for classroom learning in the first year of the study, with less on-task and more off-task behavior — a pattern which continues over the three-year period. This portrait of learning disabled children suggests that learning disabilities are difficult to remediate, and that we may need to rethink our pattern of services to these students if we want them to function successfully in the regular classroom.
Test of the Binding Threshold Hypothesis for olfactory receptors: Explanation of the differential binding of ketones to the mouse and human orthologs of olfactory receptor 912‐93

We tested the Binding Threshold Hypothesis (BTH) for activation of olfactory receptors (ORs): To activate an OR, the odorant must bind to the OR with binding energy above some threshold value. The olfactory receptor (OR) 912‐93 is known experimentally to be activated by ketones in mouse, but is inactive to ketones in human, despite an amino acid sequence identity of ∼66%. To investigate the origins of this difference, we used the MembStruk first‐principles method to predict the tertiary structure of the mouse OR 912‐93 (mOR912‐93), and the HierDock first‐principles method to predict the binding site for ketones to this receptor. We found that the strong binding of ketones to mOR912‐93 is dominated by a hydrogen bond of the ketone carbonyl group to Ser105. All ketones predicted to have a binding energy stronger than EBindThresh = 26 kcal/mol were observed experimentally to activate this OR, while the two ketones predicted to bind more weakly do not. In addition, we predict that 2‐undecanone and 2‐dodecanone both bind sufficiently strongly to activate mOR912‐93. A similar binding site for ketones was predicted in hOR912‐93, but the binding is much weaker because the human ortholog has a Gly at the position of Ser105. We predict that mutating this Gly to Ser in human should lead to activation of hOR912‐93 by these ketones. Experimental substantiations of the above predictions would provide further tests of the validity of the BTH, our predicted 3D structures, and our predicted binding sites for these ORs.
Adoption of Dynamic Product Information: An Empirical Investigation of Supporting Purchase Decisions on Product Bundles

Up until now, brick-and-mortar stores provide consumers with static product information in the form of printed product labels. This kind of product information does neither adapt to consumer needs nor facilitates new business models (e.g. consumer experience or ad hoc product bundling by products itself). By contrast, dynamic product information provided by mobile recommendation agents (MRA) may leverage these limitations. In this article we formulate a Simplified Consumer Choice (SCC) model that is used as a reference model for investigating dynamic product information provided by MRA. We evaluate this model by implying technology acceptance (TAM) and innovation diffusion theory (IDT). In addition, we assess the SCC model according to decision making theory and analyze whether cognitive load can be reduced by the use of dynamic product information compared with static product information. An experiment (n=37) was conducted to evaluate our hypotheses in which subjects were asked to buy a bundle of two compatible consumer products. Results indicate that the perceived constructs relative advantage and ease of use predict the intention to use dynamic product information. Decision time to buy the product bundle was not significantly reduced if dynamic product information was available. However, cognitive load is suggested to be reduced by dynamic product information in more complex purchase situations. Discussed limitations indicate directions for further research