Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Where you live matters: The roles of living arrangement and self-esteem on college students’ hazardous drinking behaviors

This study examined the influence of living arrangements and self-esteem on problematic alcohol use among 139 university students. Our findings replicate the well-established inverse association between self-esteem and problematic alcohol use. However, analyses disaggregated by living arrangement revealed that this association was inconsistent such that the inverse association between self-esteem and both binge drinking and alcohol-related problems was observed among participants living with parents, but not among students living on campus or off campus without parents. The moderating effect of living arrangement highlights the importance of considering living arrangements when examining risk factors for hazardous drinking among college students, as the pathways to problematic alcohol use may differ according to living situations.
Production, Detection and Cross-Reactivity of Anti-Polysaccharide Antibodies from Environmental Fungi

The diagnosis of Invasive Fungal Disease (IFD) is difficult because the sensitivity of conventional culture and cytology methods for the detection of Aspergillus is poor, and because serological methods exhibit cross-reactivity with environmental fungi. Fungal polysaccharides are of particular interest in the serologic diagnosis of IFD, especially galactomannan (GM) and glucan, which have been recognized as useful tools for the diagnosis of fungal infections. Further investigation into polysaccharide antibody cross-reactivity is important in improving diagnostic tests. Our aim was to verify the production of antibodies against fungal antigens in mice immunized with exopolysaccharides (EPS) obtained from three fungal species (Aspergillus terreus, Paecilomyces variotii and Curvularia brachyspora). ELISA assays were performed to evaluate homologous and heterologous reactions and showed anti-polysaccharide antibodies production. EPS from A. terreus was immunogenic enough to immunize the animal and lead to antibody production against this EPS. In addition, no cross-reactivity was observed with EPS obtained from P. variotii and C. brachyspora. The EPS from P. variotii did not exhibit good immunogenicity, whereas EPS from C. brachyspora showed good immunogenicity, and heterologous reactions were detected on the ELISA assays performed using the EPS from this species. The results indicate that immunization can occur for environmental fungal polysaccharides, generating antibodies may be interfere in serological diagnosis that are based on detection of fungal polysaccharides, mainly glucans and galactomannans.
Delving Deep into Rectifiers: Surpassing Human-Level Performance on ImageNet Classification

Rectified activation units (rectifiers) are essential for state-of-the-art neural networks. In this work, we study rectifier neural networks for image classification from two aspects. First, we propose a Parametric Rectified Linear Unit (PReLU) that generalizes the traditional rectified unit. PReLU improves model fitting with nearly zero extra computational cost and little overfitting risk. Second, we derive a robust initialization method that particularly considers the rectifier nonlinearities. This method enables us to train extremely deep rectified models directly from scratch and to investigate deeper or wider network architectures. Based on the learnable activation and advanced initialization, we achieve 4.94% top-5 test error on the ImageNet 2012 classification dataset. This is a 26% relative improvement over the ILSVRC 2014 winner (GoogLeNet, 6.66% [33]). To our knowledge, our result is the first to surpass the reported human-level performance (5.1%, [26]) on this dataset.
Assessing the effects of experience on attitudes about employability of people with mental illness: A comparative study of the U.S. and South Korea

RYU, SEUNGAH. Assessing the Effects of Experience on Attitudes about Employability of people with Mental Illness: A Comparative Study of the U.S. and South Korea. (Under the direction of Frank Smith.) Negative attitudes within the community have prevented people with mental illness from successful reintegration into their communities. In particular, such negative attitudes have caused lower rates of employment for this group. The purpose of this research was to assess the attitudes of college students in the U.S. and Korea about employability of people with mental illness. In addition, the structural formations of two nations were examined in order to obtain the understanding of the process by which multiple factors interact to produce the attitudes about employability. Data were collected in a web-based survey from students in the U.S. and South Korea from April to September, 2007. A total 493 college students, respectively 250 in the U.S. and 243 in Korea, was used in the final data analysis. Dependent variables were demographics (gender, age), personality (locus of control, self-esteem, individualism, collectivism), school-based programs, contact experiences (types, numbers, frequency, valence), as well as characteristics of people with mental illness (symptoms, gender). This study’s findings demonstrated that individuals who showed symptoms of depression received more positive attitudes regarding employment while those individuals showing schizophrenia’s symptoms received less favorable attitudes about employability. In terms of differences in cultural contexts, data from the U.S. and Korea revealed different structural relations to build attitudes about employability among the various characteristics of college students. Lastly, research found a positive relationship between previous contact with people with mental illness and positive attitudes about employability, which also worked as an effective mediation. Also, good feelings in public contact situation significantly influenced employability in both countries. However, no relationship was found between school-based programs and positive attitudes toward individuals with mental illness. Research findings may prove useful in the workplace regarding interventions to reduce stigma toward people with mental illness. The interventions with personal contact and positive public situations based on consideration of cultural contexts may positively influence views regarding people with mental illness in workplaces. Assessing the Effects of Experience on attitudes about Employability of people with Mental Illness: A Comparative Study of the U.S. and South Korea
The Analysis of Attitudes, Subjective Norms, and Behavioral Control on Muzakki's Intention to Pay Zakah

There has been a growing interest in research investigating various issues of zakah. Following the theory of planned behavior, this study aimed to determine the effect of attitudes, subjective norms, and control behavior on muzakki’s intention to pay zakah. This study involved 247 muzakki participants responding to 300 questionnaires. Using the method of multiple linear regression for data analysis, it was found that Attitudes and Control Behavior variables have a positive and significant effect on the muzakki intention variable, while Subjective norms do not. The variables of Attitudes, Subjective Norms and Control Behavior each contributed 4.62%, 2.88% and 8.5% to the muzakki intention variable. The overall contribution value of Attitude, Subjective Norms, and Control Behavior variables to muzakki’s intention variable is 16%. This indicates that 84% of muzakki’s intention to pay is influenced by other variables not analyzed in this study.
SPADES AND MIXTURE MODELS

This paper studies sparse density estimation via l1 penalization (SPADES). We focus on estimation in high-dimensional mixture models and nonparametric adaptive den- sity estimation. We show, respectively, that SPADES can recover, with high probability, the unknown components of a mixture of probability densities and that it yields minimax adaptive density estimates. These results are based on a general sparsity oracle inequality that the SPADES estimates satisfy. MSC2000 Subject classification: Primary 62G08, Secondary 62C20, 62G05, 62G20
Prevalence of Celiac Disease in Patients With Iron Deficiency Anemia-A Systematic Review With Meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND & AIMS Anemia is common in patients with celiac disease (CD) and a frequent mode of presentation. Guidelines recommend screening patients with iron-deficiency anemia (IDA) for CD. However, the reported prevalence of CD in patients with IDA varies. We performed a systematic review to determine the prevalence of biopsy-verified CD in patients with IDA. METHODS We performed a systematic review of articles published in PubMed Medline or EMBASE through July 2017 for the term "celiac disease" combined with "anemia" or "iron deficiency. " We used fixed-effects inverse variance-weighted models to measure the pooled prevalence of CD. Meta-regression was used to assess subgroup heterogeneity. RESULTS We identified 18 studies composed of 2998 patients with IDA for inclusion in our analysis. Studies originated from the United Kingdom, United States, Italy, Turkey, Iran, and Israel. The crude unweighted prevalence of CD was 4.8% (n = 143). Using a weighted pooled analysis, we found a prevalence of biopsy-confirmed CD of 3.2% (95% confidence interval = 2.6-3.9) in patients with IDA. However, heterogeneity was high (I2 = 67.7%). The prevalence of CD was not significantly higher in studies with a mean participant age older or younger than 18 years or in studies with a mixed-sex vs female-predominant (≥60%) population. On meta-regression, year of publication, female proportion, age at CD testing, and prevalence in the general population were not associated with the prevalence of CD in patients with IDA. In the 8 studies fulfilling all our quality criteria, the pooled prevalence of CD was 5.5% (95% confidence interval = 4.1-6.9). CONCLUSIONS In a systematic review and meta-analysis, we found that approximately 1 in 31 patients with IDA have histologic evidence of CD. This prevalence value justifies the practice of testing patients with IDA for CD.
Investigating the association between parity and the maternal neural response to infant cues

ABSTRACT Understanding the maternal neural response to infant affective cues has important implications for parent-child relationships. The current study employed event-related potentials (ERPs) to examine patterns in mothers’ responses to infant affective cues, and evaluated the influence of maternal experience, defined by parity (i.e., the number of children a mother has) on ERP responses. Eighty-three mothers, three months postpartum, viewed photographs of displays of infant emotional faces (sad or happy) and listened to infant cries of different distress levels and a control tone. Maternal neural response was modulated by the emotional content of the auditory stimulus, as indexed by the N100 amplitude and latency. However, response to infant faces was not modulated by the emotional content of the stimuli as indexed by the N170. Neither N100 nor N170 were affected by parity. Maternal engagement with auditory stimuli, as indexed by the P300, was modulated by the emotional content of the cry and was affected by parity. A similar parity effect was observed for the P300 response to infant faces. Results suggest that parity may play an important role at later stages of maternal infant cue perception.
Genes Associated with Increased Fasting Glucose in Patients with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders

Background: Metabolic risk factors represent a major cause of increased coronary heart disease morbidity and mortality among psychosis patients. Although antipsychotic medication may lead to hyperglycemia, an association to severe mental illness was established before the introduction of antipsychotics. Methods: We investigated the association between metabolic risk genes and elevated fasting glucose level in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. We applied two association models; (i) case-case where psychosis patients with elevated fasting glucose level (≥5.6 mmol/l) or diagnosed diabetes (n=263) were compared to patients with normal glucose level (n=389), and (ii) case-control model where psychosis patients with elevated fasting glucose level were compared to population-derived controls (n=494). Association analyses were adjusted for age, sex, smoking, family history of diabetes, and waist circumference. (iii) We also investigated whether metabolic genes were associated with schizophrenia spectrum disorder independent of fasting glucose. Results: No differences between schizophrenia spectrum diagnoses regarding genetic associations with increased fasting glucose were detected. In a case-case model, a genetic variant in IGF2BP2 was associated with elevated fasting glucose level among persons with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. In a case-control model associations were found with genetic variants in the NOTCH2, THADA, WFS1, P2RX7, and MNTR1B. A genetic variant in PPARD was nominally associated with schizophrenia spectrum disorder independent of glucose level. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that common metabolic polymorphisms associated with elevated fasting glucose among schizophrenia spectrum disorder patients may at least partially be explained by increased vulnerability in schizophrenia spectrum disorders for genes associate with elevated fasting glucose in the population.
The hidden Heuchera: How science Twitter uncovered a globally imperiled species in Pennsylvania, USA

Abstract The genus Heuchera is recognized as one of the most diverse endemic radiations of Saxifragaceae in North America, yet species delimitation and geographic distribution within the group remain controversial. Many species remain difficult to identify, including Heuchera alba, a narrow Appalachian endemic and globally imperiled (G2) taxon recorded only from West Virginia and Virginia that occurs in sympatry with H. pubescens and H. americana. A recent survey of the cliffside flora of the Shikellamy Bluffs, PA recorded dozens of Heuchera individuals that, through the use of social media, were positively identified as H. alba. Aided by examination of historical herbarium records, subsequent searches of similar habitats in Pennsylvania led to the discovery of seven more populations and established a significant range expansion for this rare species. The uncovering of H. alba in Pennsylvania is an exciting conservation outcome and an example of what can happen when botanists embrace a combination of modern and classical approaches to discovery and collaboration.
Title : Intrahemispheric cortico-cortical connections of the human auditory cortex

The human auditory cortex comprises the supratemporal plane and large parts of the temporal and parietal convexities. We have investigated the relevant intrahemispheric cortico-cortical connections using in vivo DSI tractography combined with landmark-based registration, automatic cortical parcellation and whole-brain structural connection matrices in 20 righthanded male subjects. On the supratemporal plane the pattern of connectivity was related to the architectonically defined early-stage auditory areas. It revealed a three-tier architecture characterized by a cascade of connections from the primary auditory cortex to six adjacent non-primary areas and from there to the superior temporal gyrus. Graph-theory-driven analysis confirmed the cascade-like connectivity pattern and demonstrated a strong degree of segregation and hierarchy within early-stage auditory areas. Putative higher-order areas on the temporal and parietal convexities had more widely spread local connectivity and long-range connections with the prefrontal cortex; analysis of optimal community structure revealed five distinct modules in each hemisphere. The pattern of temporo-parieto-frontal connectivity was partially asymmetrical. In conclusion, the human early-stage auditory cortical connectivity, as revealed by in vivo DSI tractography, has strong similarities with that of non-human primates. The modular architecture and hemispheric asymmetry in higher-order regions is compatible with segregated processing streams and lateralization of cognitive functions.
Transcortical Selective Amygdalohippocampectomy in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy

Numerous studies of the electrophysiology and neuropathology of temporal lobe epilepsy have demonstrated the mesial temporal structures to be the site of seizure origin in the majority of cases. This is the rationale for a transcortical selective approach, first introduced by Niemeyer, for removal of the hippocampus and amygdala. Series from a number of centers have demonstrated the efficacy of selective amygdalohippocampectomy compared to a more traditional resection. The technique described here and used at the Montreal Neurological Institute (MNI) utilizes a strictly endopial resection of the hippocampal formation and amygdala in addition to computer image guidance to perform the procedure. Ninety-five percent of patients at the MNI who underwent selective amygdalohippocampectomy realized a cessation of seizures, or greater than 90% reduction, with minimal risk of complications.
A quantitative analysis of antipsychotic prescribing trends for the treatment of schizophrenia in England and Wales

Objective This study aims to assess the current antipsychotic prescribing trends for the treatment of schizophrenia and to compare them with available guidelines and research evidence. Design An observational retrospective quantitative analysis. Setting Data were collected from the prescribing cost analysis for the period between 2007 and 2014, including all drugs from the British National Formulary 4.2. 1 and 4.2. 2. Prescriptions were included from primary and secondary healthcare settings in England and Wales. Participants None. Main outcome measures Defined daily doses of antipsychotics were used to compare popularity of individual drugs and classes of antipsychotics. Results There is a consistent increase in the proportion of atypical antipsychotics prescribed, compared to typical antipsychotics, between 2007 and 2014, with atypicals accounting for 79.9% of total antipsychotics prescribed in 2014. Conclusion The consistent popularity of atypical antipsychotics is not concordant with the current National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines for the treatment of schizophrenia or the most recent research evidence.
Four new species of the Glyphiulus javanicus group from southern China (Diplopoda, Spirostreptida, Cambalopsidae)

Abstract Hitherto, 24 species of the Glyphiulus javanicus group have been recorded, all endemic to Southeast Asia, including 14 in China. Nevertheless, this species group needs further exploration. In this context, four new species of this group are described, all collected from limestone caves in Southern China: G. calceus sp. n. , G. foetidus sp. n. , G. guangnanensis sp. n. , and G. impletus sp. n. They can be separated easily from each other and other congeners by their carinotaxic formulae, the structures of male legs I, and the gonopods. Due to the absence of any troglomorphic traits in our specimens, they may be troglophilic only.
COMPARATIVE IN VITRO ACTIVITY OF SUPIME AGAINST GRAM NEGATIVE CLINICAL ISOLATES

Objective: Present investigation was undertaken to know the prevalence of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) among the collected isolates and to analyse the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of cefepime/sulbactam, cefepime/tazobactam, imipenem/cilastatin and cefepime against these isolates. Methods: A total of 1259 clinical samples were collected from patients suspected of bacterial infection between July 2013 to July 2014. These samples were subjected for bacterial identification. The prevalence of ESBLs among these isolates and antibiotic susceptibility testing were carried out according to the recommendations of Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines (2013). Results: Out of the samples analyzed, 64.3% (810/1259) samples showed the growth of organisms in the culture medium . Of the 810 organisms, 72.7% (589/810) were ESBL positive. Majority of ESBL producing organisms were obtained from urine (32.2 %) followed by blood (28.5 %), swab (12.7%) and sputum (11.3 %). Pus, Bile and fluid samples samples contributed to 8.1 %, 4.0 %, and 3.0% respectively. The organisms that identified were E. coli (n=255) , P. aeruginosa (208) , Klebsiella spp. (81) , A. baumannii (32) , and H. Influenzae (13). Among all drugs tested, cefepime plus sulbactam (Supime) revealed the highest activity against ESBL producing Gram negative organisms. The susceptibility of cefepime plus sulbactam against E. coli, P. aeruginosa, K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii, and H. influenzae was 89.9%, 84.6%, 85%, 90.4% and 100%, respectively which was high compared to cefepime, cefepime plus tazobactam and imipenem plus cilastatin. Conclusion: Overall, the results of the present study strongly advocate the superiority of cefepime/sulbactam over cefepime/tazobactam, imipenem/cilastatin and cefepime and can be of very effective alternative to treat against the deadly multidrug resistant Gram negative bacteria.
Evaluating the Agreement of Risk Categorization for Fetal Down Syndrome Screening between Ultrasound-Based Gestational Age and Menstrual-Based Gestational Age by Maternal Serum Markers

Objective To evaluate the agreement of risk categorization for Down syndrome screening between ultrasound scan-based gestational age (GA) and last menstrual period-based gestational age in both first and second trimesters by maternal serum markers. Methods Data comprising 4,055 and 4,016 cases of first and second trimester screening were used. The maternal serum markers were analyzed using the ultrasound-based GA and menstrual age. The subjects whose menstrual age and ultrasound-based GA fell in different trimesters were excluded because the risk could not be calculated due to the different serum markers used in each trimester. The agreement of risk categorization for fetal Down syndrome was evaluated. Results The agreement of Down syndrome screening in the first and the second trimesters were 92.7% and 89%, respectively. The study found a good agreement of risk categorization by Kappa index, which was 0.615 for the overall screening. The menstrual age had a slight decrease in the detection rate and a lower false-positive rate. Conclusion Menstrual age is acceptable in cases of accurate last menstrual period. However, in places where ultrasonography is not readily available, gestational age estimation by menstrual age along with clinical examination that corresponds to the gestational age can be reliable.