Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CORRELATIONS OF ATTITUDES TOWARDS GENDER ROLES AND AMBIVALENT GENDER PREJUDICES IN SERBIAN STUDENTS

The idea of ambivalence in gender prejudice, as one of the modern forms of prejudice, has been in the spotlight of social psychologists for the last two decades, sometimes even more than most of the well-explored, traditional forms of prejudice such as ethnic or race prejudices. The central problem of this paper is the level of ambivalent gender prejudice toward men and women in students, as well as what the relation of attitudes towards gender roles is, as well as some other variables, and the level of gender prejudice. For research purposes, several scales were applied: Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI), the Ambivalence toward Men Inventory (AMI), and Attitudes towards Gender Roles scale (ATGR). The sample consisted of 715 students of 34 faculties of the Universities in Novi Sad and Belgrade, as well as students of the Academy of Criminalistics and Police Studies and Military Academy in Belgrade. The results show that gender prejudices (although there are smaller differences with respect to the type of prejudice) are most strongly predicted by the attitudes towards gender roles, the respondents’ gender and the type of faculty (almost consistently students of social and human sciences expressed less prejudices). Also, the most prominent were the benevolent prejudices toward women, confirming that in our culture, this kind of behaviour is still not considered as a problematic treatment of the opposite (but also own) gender.
iNKT Cells Suppress the CD8+ T Cell Response to a Murine Burkitt’s-Like B Cell Lymphoma

The T cell response to B cell lymphomas differs from the majority of solid tumors in that the malignant cells themselves are derived from B lymphocytes, key players in immune response. B cell lymphomas are therefore well situated to manipulate their surrounding microenvironment to enhance tumor growth and minimize anti-tumor T cell responses. We analyzed the effect of T cells on the growth of a transplantable B cell lymphoma and found that iNKT cells suppressed the anti-tumor CD8+ T cell response. Lymphoma cells transplanted into syngeneic wild type (WT) mice or Jalpha18−/− mice that specifically lack iNKT cells grew initially at the same rate, but only the mice lacking iNKT cells were able to reject the lymphoma. This effect was due to the enhanced activity of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells in the absence of iNKT cells, and could be partially reversed by reconstitution of iNKT cells in Jalpha 18−/− mice. Treatment of tumor-bearing WT mice with alpha -galactosyl ceramide, an activating ligand for iNKT cells, reduced the number of tumor-specific CD8+ T cells. In contrast, lymphoma growth in CD1d1−/− mice that lack both iNKT and type II NKT cells was similar to that in WT mice, suggesting that type II NKT cells are required for full activation of the anti-tumor immune response. This study reveals a tumor-promoting role for iNKT cells and suggests their capacity to inhibit the CD8+ T cell response to B cell lymphoma by opposing the effects of type II NKT cells.
Alsin and SOD1G93A Proteins Regulate Endosomal Reactive Oxygen Species Production by Glial Cells and Proinflammatory Pathways Responsible for Neurotoxicity*

Recent studies have implicated enhanced Nox2-mediated reactive oxygen species (ROS) by microglia in the pathogenesis of motor neuron death observed in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In this context, ALS mutant forms of SOD1 enhance Rac1 activation, leading to increased Nox2-dependent microglial ROS production and neuron cell death in mice. It remains unclear if other genetic mutations that cause ALS also function through similar Nox-dependent pathways to enhance ROS-mediate motor neuron death. In the present study, we sought to understand whether alsin, which is mutated in an inherited juvenile form of ALS, functionally converges on Rac1-dependent pathways acted upon by SOD1G93A to regulate Nox-dependent ROS production. Our studies demonstrate that glial cell expression of SOD1G93A or wild type alsin induces ROS production, Rac1 activation, secretion of TNFα, and activation of NFκB, leading to decreased motor neuron survival in co-culture. Interestingly, coexpression of alsin, or shRNA against Nox2, with SOD1G93A in glial cells attenuated these proinflammatory indicators and protected motor neurons in co-culture, although shRNAs against Nox1 and Nox4 had little effect. SOD1G93A expression dramatically enhanced TNFα-mediated endosomal ROS in glial cells in a Rac1-dependent manner and alsin overexpression inhibited SOD1G93A-induced endosomal ROS and Rac1 activation. SOD1G93A expression enhanced recruitment of alsin to the endomembrane compartment in glial cells, suggesting that these two proteins act to modulate Nox2-dependent endosomal ROS and proinflammatory signals that modulate NFκB. These studies suggest that glial proinflammatory signals regulated by endosomal ROS are influenced by two gene products known to cause ALS.
Face Recognition on Drones: Issues and Limitations

Drones, as known as unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), are aircrafts which can perform autonomous pilot. They can easily reach locations which are too difficult to reach or dangerous for human beings and collect images from bird's-eye view through aerial photography. Enabling drones to identify people on the ground is important for a variety of applications, such as surveillance, people search, and remote monitoring. Since faces are part of inherent identities of people, how well face recognition technologies can be used by drones becomes essential for future development of the above applications. In this paper, we conduct empirical studies to evaluate several factors that may influence the performance of face detection and recognition techniques on drones. Our findings show that the current face recognition technologies are capable of recognizing faces on drones with some limits in distance and angle, especially when drones take pictures in high altitudes and the face image is taken from a long distance and with a large angle of depression. We also find that augmenting face models with 3D information may help to boost recognition performance in the case of large angles of depression.
The Varieties of Rentier Experience: How Natural Resource Export Structures Affect the Political Economy of Economic Growth *

A novel composite metal material comprises a ferrous metal of relatively low thermal expansion properties and a silver metal substantially free of ferrous constituents having a relatively high thermal conductivity which cooperate in a novel way to provide the composite material with an effective thermal expansion coefficient corresponding to that of various silicon or gallium arsenide semiconductor devices and the like for reliably mounting the devices while also providing paths of high conductivity silver metal extending through the composite material to provide improved heat-dissipation from the semiconductor devices. A circuit system mounts a semiconductor device using the novel composite metal material alone, bonded to other support materials, or formed into a selected shape. In one preferred embodiment, the composite material is used in a novel heat-dissipating member having components of different shape which are bonded together. One component formed of the novel composite material has a selected shape for compactly mounting the semiconductor device and the second component is formed of high thermal conductivity metal and has a different shape particularly adapted to receive heat from the silver paths and to facilitate heat-dissipation from the member.
TRACE-derived Temperature and Emission Measure Profiles along Long-lived Coronal Loops: The Role of Filamentation

In a recent Letter, Lenz et al. have shown evidence of uniform temperature along steady long coronal loops observed by TRACE in two different passbands (171 and 195 Å filters). We propose that such a piece of evidence can be explained by the subarcsecond structuring of the loops across the magnetic field lines. In this perspective, we present a model of a bundle of six thin parallel hydrostatic filaments with temperature stratification dictated by detailed energy balance and with temperatures at their apex ranging between 0.8 and 5 MK. If analyzed as a single loop, the bundle would appear isothermal along most of its length.
ΛCDM-based Models for the Milky Way and M31. I. Dynamical Models

We apply standard disk formation theory with adiabatic contraction within cuspy halo models predicted by the standard cold dark matter (ΛCDM) cosmology. The resulting models are confronted with the broad range of observational data available for the Milky Way and M31 galaxies. We find that there is a narrow range of parameters that can satisfy the observational constraints, but within this range, the models score remarkably well. Our favored models have virial masses of 1012 and 1.6 × 1012 M☉ for the Galaxy and for M31, respectively, average spin parameters λ ≈ 0.03-0.05, and concentrations Cvir = 10-17, typical for halos of this mass in the standard ΛCDM cosmology. The models require neither dark matter modifications nor flat cores to fit the observational data. We explore two types of models, with and without the exchange of angular momentum between the dark matter and the baryons. The models without exchange give reasonable rotation curves, fulfill constraints in the solar neighborhood, and satisfy constraints at larger radii, but they may be problematic for fast rotating central bars. We explore models in which the baryons experience additional contraction due to loss of angular momentum to the surrounding dark matter. These models produce similar global properties, but the dark matter is only a 25% of the total mass in the central 3 kpc region, allowing a fast rotating bar to persist. According to preliminary calculations, our model galaxies probably have sufficient baryonic mass in the central ~3.5 kpc to reproduce recent observational values of the optical depth to microlensing events toward the Galactic center. Our dynamical models unequivocally require that about 50% of all the gas inside the virial radius must not be in the disk or in the bulge, a result that is obtained naturally in standard semianalytic models. Assuming that the Milky Way is "typical," we investigate whether the range of virial masses allowed by our dynamical models is compatible with constraints from the galaxy luminosity function. We find that if the Milky Way has a luminosity MK = -24.0, then these constraints are satisfied, but if it is more luminous (as expected if it lies on the Tully-Fisher relation), then the predicted space density is larger than the observed space density of galaxies of the corresponding luminosity by a factor of 1.5-2. We conclude that observed rotation curves and dynamical properties of "normal" spiral galaxies appear to be consistent with standard ΛCDM.
Pediatric Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Caused by Vaccine Serotypes following the Introduction of Conjugate Vaccination in Denmark

A seven-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced in the Danish childhood immunization program (2+1 schedule) in October 2007, followed by PCV13 starting from April 2010. The nationwide incidence of IPD among children younger than 5 years nearly halved after the introduction of PCV7 in the program, mainly due to a decline in IPD caused by PCV7-serotypes. We report the results from a nationwide population-based cohort study of laboratory confirmed IPD cases in children younger than 5 years during October 1, 2007 to December 31, 2010 and describe the characteristics of children suspected to present with a vaccine failure. The period between April 19 and December 31, 2010 was considered a PCV7/PCV13 transitional period, where both vaccines were offered. We identified 45 episodes of IPD caused by a PCV7 serotype (23% of the total number) and 105 (55%) caused by one of the 6 additional serotypes in PCV13. Ten children had received at least one PCV7 dose before the onset of IPD caused by a PCV7 serotype. Seven children were considered to be incompletely vaccinated before IPD, but only three cases fulfilled the criteria of vaccine failure (caused by serotypes 14, 19F and 23F). One case of vaccine failure was observed in a severely immunosuppressed child following three PCV7 doses, and two cases were observed in immunocompetent children following two infant doses before they were eligible for their booster. None of the IPD cases caused by the additional PCV13 serotypes had been vaccinated by PCV13 and there were therefore no PCV13-vaccine failures in the first 8-months after PCV13 introduction in Denmark.
Statistical differences in speech acoustics of major depressed and non-depressed adolescents

Speech acoustic parameters have been reported to provide highly efficient diagnostic cues for depression. Current studies have been focused on characterizing the speech of adult patients but it is known that adult speech differs significantly from adolescent speech, and that the onset of depression is likely to occur during adolescence itself. This paper investigates and explains the differences in speech acoustic parameters characterizing the speech of depressed and non-depressed adolescents, namely F0 (fundamental frequency), jitter, shimmer, log energy, spectral centroid, spectral entropy and glottal pulse duration. Speech data was collected from adolescents aged 14 - 18 and included 68 (49 females and 19 males) diagnosed with major depression and 71 (44 females and 27 males) diagnosed as non-depressed. The speech recordings were made during three different types of family interactions: event-planning, problem-solving and family consensus. Statistical analysis revealed that the differences between depressed and non-depressed speech acoustics strongly depend on gender and topic of conversation. For male adolescents, the glottal pulse duration was found to be the most efficient parameter in discriminating between depressed and non-depressed speech for all three interactions. For female adolescents, the fundamental frequency F0 was the most determinant during the problem solving and family consensus interactions, whilst the glottal pulse duration was the most determinant during the event planning interaction.
The Role of Banks in the Czech Monetary Policy Transmission Mechanism

With this work, I aim to enrich the knowledge about the monetary policy transmission mechanism in the Czech Republic with empirical evidence on the impact of monetary policy on bank lending. Using a panel of quarterly time series for Czech commercial banks for the period 1996-2001, I study the overall effect of monetary policy changes on the growth rate of loans and the characteristics of the supply of loans. The characterization of the credit market's supply side allows us to make inferences on the operativeness of the credit channel (the bank lending channel and the broad credit channel) of the monetary transmission mechanism. I find that changes in monetary policy alter the growth rate of loans, with considerably stronger magnitude in the period 1999-2001 than in the period 1996-1998. From the analysis intended to capture the characteristics of the supply of loans, I conclude that the lending channel was operative in the period 1996-1998: I find cross-sectional differences in the lending reactions to monetary policy shocks due to the degree of capitalization and to liquidity. For the subsequent period 1999-2001, the results also show distributional effects of monetary policy due to bank size and its bank's proportion of classified loans. In the context of steadily decreasing interest rates, this can bolster the supposition of financial frictions between borrowers and lenders and hence, that of an operative broad credit channel. Copyright (c) 2007 The Author Journal compilation (c) 2007 The European Bank for Reconstruction and Development .
Coloring Versus Drawing: Effects of Cognitive Demand on Mood Repair, Flow, and Enjoyment

Abstract We examined whether using drawing to distract, by either coloring a design or drawing a design, improves mood more than drawing to express feelings. We manipulated levels of cognitive demand in the first 2 conditions by asking participants to color a design (low cognitive demand) or draw a design (high cognitive demand). After a sad mood induction, we randomly assigned 70 participants to coloring, drawing, or drawing to express thoughts and feelings. Affect was measured before and after the mood induction and after drawing. Participants also reported on their level of enjoyment and flow when drawing. Both distraction conditions, regardless of level of cognitive demand, improved affect. Whereas those in both the coloring and drawing conditions enjoyed the activity more than the drawing to express condition, only the coloring condition resulted in greater states of flow.
Deep Radio, Optical, and Infrared Observations of SGR 1900+14

We present Hubble Space Telescope/STIS, Keck J- and Ks-band, and VLA 332 and 1400 MHz images of the region around the soft γ-ray Repeater SGR 1900+14. No nonstellar sources were detected at the position of SGR 1900+14, giving 3 σ limits of S332 MHz < 6 mJy, S1.4 GHz < 1.5 mJy, m50CCD ≳ 29.0 mag, J ≳ 22.8 mag, Ks ≳ 20.8 mag (point sources), and S332 MHz < 6.1 mJy arcmin-2, S1.4 GHz < 6.2 mJy arcmin-2 (extended emission). Given the very high extinction, the STIS and J-band nondetections are not constraining, but the Ks-band limit rules out basic accretion disk models for SGR 1900+14 and is almost comparable in depth to the Ks-band detection for the anomalous X-ray pulsar 4U 0142+61. Finally, we report the detection in this field of three new candidate supernova remnants, SNRs G043.5+00.6, G042.0-00.1, and G041.5+00.4.
Organizational commitment: an empirical analysis of personality traits

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of five-factor model of personality on organizational commitment in the higher educational institutes of Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach Quantitative methodology was adopted to measure the impact of personality on organizational commitment. A structured questionnaire was e-mailed to the faculty members of the social science department of higher education institutes. SmartPLS software was used to run the structural equation modeling technique. Findings The findings showed that extroversion, agreeableness, and conscientiousness are positively linked to affective commitment (AC), and neuroticism and openness has negative association with AC. Furthermore, extroversion and agreeableness were found to be negatively linked to continuance commitment. A negative link between neuroticism and continuance commitment while no relationship between conscientiousness, openness, and continuance commitment was found. Research limitations/implications Results have several implications for the personality and commitment literature. First, study provided comprehensive empirical evidence regarding the dispositional basis of organizational commitment notably; the authors found that the Big Five personality traits as a whole are significantly associated with organizational commitment. Second, the current findings underscore the role of agreeableness in shaping organizational commitment. Agreeableness was the strongest predictor of both AC and continuance commitment. Agreeableness may be especially relevant for predicting employee outcomes that are reliant on strong interpersonal or social exchange relationships. As such outcomes are becoming more and more critical in employee, group, and organizational effectiveness. Originality/value In general, findings show that Big Five traits play an important role in understanding employee commitment to the organization. Consistent with previous studies on personality traits in the workplace, practitioners will benefit from considering all of the Big Five traits in their selection systems.
Making Sense of Disaster Through Rhetorical Homologies: Extending Walter Benjamin’s Unique/Copy Binary to Post-Katrina Tours

Over a decade after Hurricane Katrina struck New Orleans, publics continue to come to terms with the tragedy. Isabelle Cossart, owner of “Tours by Isabelle” and survivor of the hurricane, began offering disaster tours of the affected areas after taking note of people’s desire to see the damage and contemplate its effects. Public accounts of Cossart’s business suggest that people make sense of disasters symbolically via tourism. Cossart’s post-Katrina disaster tours belong to a wider form concerning disastrous events springing from anxiety over how to respond, followed by agency-driven strategies for coping. This discursive dichotomy of disaster/agency is grounded in a homologous discourse of uniqueness versus copy in Walter Benjamin’s essay, “The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction. ” Through publicly available information on “Tours by Isabelle,” this article compares subcategories of disaster, Cossart’s tours, and works of art, and explores how people make sense of disaster symbolically.
The ecological dichotomy of ammonia-oxidizing archaea and bacteria in the hyper-arid soils of the Antarctic Dry Valleys

The McMurdo Dry Valleys of Antarctica are considered to be one of the most physically and chemically extreme terrestrial environments on the Earth. However, little is known about the organisms involved in nitrogen transformations in these environments. In this study, we investigated the diversity and abundance of ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) in four McMurdo Dry Valleys with highly variable soil geochemical properties and climatic conditions: Miers Valley, Upper Wright Valley, Beacon Valley and Battleship Promontory. The bacterial communities of these four Dry Valleys have been examined previously, and the results suggested that the extremely localized bacterial diversities are likely driven by the disparate physicochemical conditions associated with these locations. Here we showed that AOB and AOA amoA gene diversity was generally low; only four AOA and three AOB operational taxonomic units (OTUs) were identified from a total of 420 AOA and AOB amoA clones. Quantitative PCR analysis of amoA genes revealed clear differences in the relative abundances of AOA and AOB amoA genes among samples from the four dry valleys. Although AOB amoA gene dominated the ammonia-oxidizing community in soils from Miers Valley and Battleship Promontory, AOA amoA gene were more abundant in samples from Upper Wright and Beacon Valleys, where the environmental conditions are considerably harsher (e.g., extremely low soil C/N ratios and much higher soil electrical conductivity). Correlations between environmental variables and amoA genes copy numbers, as examined by redundancy analysis (RDA), revealed that higher AOA/AOB ratios were closely related to soils with high salts and Cu contents and low pH. Our findings hint at a dichotomized distribution of AOA and AOB within the Dry Valleys, potentially driven by environmental constraints.
Moving up in taste: Enhanced projected taste and freshness of moving food products

Can implied motion enhance consumer judgment of food freshness and taste? Freshness plays an important role in determining anticipated taste. Different perceptual cues may influence judgments of freshness. While some cues such as coloring and bruising play an obvious role, the authors argue that cues that on face value appear unrelated to freshness may also influence judgments of freshness. Specifically, the authors argue that humans have learned to relate movement to food freshness, and that this leads perceived motion to generate enhanced judgments of freshness, and, consequently, projected taste. This proposition is demonstrated in four studies. The studies show that the inclusion of implied motion in food pictures leads to elevated judgments of freshness and projected taste.