Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE EFFECT OF STRATEGY TRAINING ON THE MODIFICATION OF COGNITIVE IMPULSIVITY

To examine the role of the visual searching strategy on Kagan's Matching Familiar Figures (i\1FF) test, third-grade children who were judged as impulsive or reflective were given a training of elimination or re-examination strategy. Only the impulsive children who were given the elimination strategy made significantly fewer errors on post-test than controls, without increase in latency. It is concluded from these results that one of the main factors explaining the differences between the reflective and the impulsive children in the MFF performance is the differences in the use of strategy: The reflective children adopt the elimination strategy during MFF testing, while the impulsives lack it.
Entrepreneurship within Urban and Rural Areas Individual Creativity and Social Network

The entrepreneurial dynamics within urban and rural areas are often assumed to be very different. This study explores the importance of individual creativity and the social network in both places regarding the probability of becoming an entrepreneur and of surviving the crucial three years after start-up. The results are based on longitudinal register data combined with a questionnaire survey from 2008, utilizing responses from 1,108 first-time entrepreneurs (out of which 670 survived) and 420 non-entrepreneurs (without previous entrepreneurial experience). Creativity is only found to lead to start-up in urban areas but it does not influence the chances of survival in any of the two areas. On the contrary, the social network matters particular in rural areas. By combining the person and the environment in the research design, common entrepreneurship beliefs are questioned which opens up for region specific policy initiatives.
Friendship Relations in the School Class and Adult Economic Attainment

We analyze the impact of adolescents' friendship relations in their final-year class of high school on subsequent labor market success. Based on a typology of network positions we locate each student within the social system of the school class as either: an isolate, a sycophant, a broker or a receiver. These positions identify individuals' social standing within the group of classmates and proxy for their interpersonal behavior and social competencies. We offer empirical evidence that differential social standing in adolescence predicts large and persistent earnings disparities over the entire life course. The estimated wage premia and penalties do not appear to be substantially confounded by measures of family and school resources, and materialize largely independent of differences in cognitive abilities, grade rank in class, personality traits or friends' characteristics. A moderate share of the earnings inequalities is mediated by differential post-secondary human and social capital investment. From a conceptual point of view, we contribute an application of egocentered network methods within conventional labor economic survey research.
Sustentabilidade, saneamento e saúde infantil no Brasil: Uma análise a partir de macro e microdados

The aim of this paper is empirically verify the impact of sanitation on child health, using both aggregate and micro data approaches. The aggregate model is estimated by static panels with fixed effects and dynamic panel techniques. The micro data model is made up of a cross sectional approach, estimated by probit. The results show that, even controlling for observable factors, the presence of sanitation is an important determinant for the child health. Also highlights the importance of income and maternal education in reducing child mortality rates.
Korean American Women's Experiences with Smoking and Factors Associated with Their Quit Intentions

This study explored Korean American women's experiences with smoking and tested the theory of planned behavior to identify factors associated with their intentions to quit smoking. It employed a mixed-methods research design, using qualitative and quantitative data. Participants were recruited via a combination of random (N = 49) and convenience (N = 45) sampling techniques. Women in this study initiated smoking at age of 23 on average, and nearly half smoked at indoor houses. They initiated smoking out of curiosity about the effect and belief that smoking would relieve their stress. Reasons for continued smoking were (a) to avoid nicotine withdrawal symptoms, (b) to cope with life stressors, including acculturative stress, and (c) to fulfill one's destiny as a lifetime smoker. Many attempted to quit due to health issues and pregnancy. Fear of disclosure and limited English proficiency were found to be major barriers to seeking help for quitting. Past-year quit attempt(s), attitudes toward quitting, and perceived family norm favoring quitting explained 25% of the variance in intentions to quit smoking (F [3,90] = 11.58, P < 0.001). Findings suggest that gender- and culture-specific intervention strategies are needed to assist Korean American women in smoking cessation.
Tracking Resilience to Infections by Mapping Disease Space

Infected hosts differ in their responses to pathogens; some hosts are resilient and recover their original health, whereas others follow a divergent path and die. To quantitate these differences, we propose mapping the routes infected individuals take through “disease space. ” We find that when plotting physiological parameters against each other, many pairs have hysteretic relationships that identify the current location of the host and predict the future route of the infection. These maps can readily be constructed from experimental longitudinal data, and we provide two methods to generate the maps from the cross-sectional data that is commonly gathered in field trials. We hypothesize that resilient hosts tend to take small loops through disease space, whereas nonresilient individuals take large loops. We support this hypothesis with experimental data in mice infected with Plasmodium chabaudi, finding that dying mice trace a large arc in red blood cells (RBCs) by reticulocyte space as compared to surviving mice. We find that human malaria patients who are heterozygous for sickle cell hemoglobin occupy a small area of RBCs by reticulocyte space, suggesting this approach can be used to distinguish resilience in human populations. This technique should be broadly useful in describing the in-host dynamics of infections in both model hosts and patients at both population and individual levels.
Relationship of Spiritual Intelligence With Resilience and Perceived Stress

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate on relationship between spiritual intelligence, resilience, and perceived stress. Methods: The study sample consisted of 307 students of Sistan and Baluchistan University. The Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), the Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory (SISRI) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) are used as a research instrument. Results: The results show that there is a positive and significant relationship between the SISRI and the CD-RISC. However, there is a negative and significant relationship between the SISRI and the PSS of students. The Enter regression analysis for prediction of the CD-RISC show that the SISRI predicts 0.10 of the CD-RISC variances and also the SISRI predicts 0.11 of the PSS variances. Conclusion: Spirituality helps to resilience in people who experience stress.
Detection and Visualization of Android Malware Behavior

Malware analysts still need to manually inspect malware samples that are considered suspicious by heuristic rules. They dissect software pieces and look for malware evidence in the code. The increasing number of malicious applications targeting Android devices raises the demand for analyzing them to find where the malcode is triggered when user interacts with them. In this paper a framework to monitor and visualize Android applications’ anomalous function calls is described. Our approach includes platform-independent application instrumentation, introducing hooks in order to trace restricted API functions used at runtime of the application. These function calls are collected at a central server where the application behavior filtering and a visualization take place. This can help Android malware analysts in visually inspecting what the application under study does, easily identifying such malicious functions.
Comparative environmental genomics in non-model species: using heterologous hybridization to DNA-based microarrays

SUMMARY The emerging field of comparative environmental genomics involves the cross-species comparison of broad-scale patterns of gene expression. Often, the goal is to elucidate the evolutionary basis or ecological implications of genomic responses to environmental stimuli. DNA-based microarrays represent powerful means with which to investigate gene expression, and the application of genomic tools to studies on non-model species is becoming increasingly feasible. The use of a microarray generated from one species to probe gene expression in another, a method termed `heterologous hybridization', eliminates the need to fabricate novel microarray platforms for every new species of interest. In this review, recent advances in heterologous hybridization are reviewed, and the technical caveats of this approach are discussed.
Object Removal by Depth-guided Inpainting ∗

Object removal by image inpainting aims at the visual uniformity of the inpainted blanks among their surroundings. Most inpainting algorithms pursue the structure continuity and texture similarity only in color. In this paper we take the view depth continuity into account and propose a depth-guided inpainting algorithm, in which a single color image and its associated disparity map are inpainted simultaneously. A fast exemplar-based inpainting is applied to fill the blank. Exemplars are randomly selected under depth constraints in initialization and optimized with a nearest neighbor search method in a semi-global way for smooth completion. Experimental results with datasets of different scenes demonstrate the positive impact of depth control in exemplar selection and the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
Demographic Variables as Moderators in the Relationship between Job Satisfaction and Task Performance

Jobs provide a sense of accomplishment and identity. Job satisfaction has an impact on task performance and both are important to industries and organizations because their performance and productivity depend on the employees' satisfaction and performance. The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between job satisfaction and task performance among 450 employees of Behzisty organization in Central Provinces of Iran. The study also looked at the influence of gender, age, education, and tenure on the relationship between job satisfaction and task performance. Instruments used to collect data were Job Description Index (JDI), Task Performance (supervisors' ratings) and the Demographic questionnaires. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data. The results found that there was a significant relationship between job satisfaction and task performance. It was also shown that gender and education moderated the relationship between job satisfaction and task performance while age and tenure did not moderate the relationship between job satisfaction and task performance. The results have significant implications on the policies of human resource as well as organizations in Iran.
Waking the Heart Up: A Writing Group's Story

SUMMARY The author examines the usefulness and therapeutic value of poetry groups with a chronically mentally ill population. A specific example of a group led by the author illustrates the beneficial properties of writing for people in a residential mental-health setting and the particular strengths and possibilities of such a population. Self-definition, self-expression, self-creation, and peer interaction are all promoted by poetry groups. The story further explores the importance and possibility of community linkage through artistic endeavors.
Clonal Neural Stem Cells from Human Embryonic Stem Cell Colonies

Clonal cell culture is crucial for experimental protocols that require growth or selection of pure populations of cells. High-density derivation of neural progenitors from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) can lead to incomplete differentiation, and transplantation of resulting heterogeneous cell mixtures can cause proliferation of tumorigenic clusters in vivo. We have identified the neural precursor that resides among normal hESC colonies as a TRA-1-60−/SSEA4−/SOX1+ cell and developed a method that allows for the clonal expansion of these FACS-selected progenitors to neural stem cells (NSCs) in serum-free conditions. Single TRA-1-60−/SSEA4−/SOX1+ cells grown in serum-free media give rise to multipotent NSCs with an efficiency of 0.7%. The fate of the TRA-1-60−/SSEA4−/SOX1+ neural precursor becomes specified in maintenance conditions by inhibition of BMP signaling. This clonal culture method can be scaled up to produce NSCs for differentiation and use in cell therapies.
Determinants of Trust in E-Government

E-governments are increasingly becoming a familiar fixture. Nations across the world are realizing the importance of e-government, the main objective of most e-government is to better serve citizens. howerver, citizen's likelihood to use e-government is low. Lack of trust has been recognized as one of the most barriers to citizen for engaging in e-government, involving the trust in the internet and the trust in the government. This paper identifies these two main factors that determine citizen trust the e-government based on technology acceptance model(TAM), and it reviews relevant studies that investigate the elements of e-government trust. The relation between determinants and trust in e-government is presented. The role of TAM in the development of trust in e-governmet is exlained in detail.
What Drives Currency Predictability?

In this paper, we study predictability of exchange rates and explore determinants of its dynamics over time. We model the admissible amount of predictability in two ways, each corresponding in a stylized manner to a broad class of rational currency pricing models, namely those under which the marginal currency trader can diversify away currency risk and alternative specifications under which this possibility is precluded. Under the null of Rational Expectations, we find strong evidence against the former class of models but little evidence against the latter, except that predictability itself is predictable. Our results pose a challenge to Fama's (1970) Efficient Market Hypothesis, but are consistent with microstructure models of foreign exchange markets in which a capital-constrained undiversified marginal currency trader seeks reward for total risk instead of systematic risk alone and sluggish risk-capital mobility drives predictable time-variation in currency predictability.
Can an international field experience assist Health and Physical Education pre-service teachers to develop cultural competency?

Abstract An emerging focus of teacher education courses within countries such as Australia centres on the development of cultural competency. An international practicum experience or student mobility programme embedded within pre-service teacher education programmes is one way to provide such an opportunity. In subject areas such as Health and Physical Education (HPE) this is of particular relevance given the nature of teachable subject content relating to the impact of culture on the lives of young people in contemporary societies. This article examines the perceived value of an international sports-based field experience in assisting to develop HPE pre-service teachers’ cultural competency. In partnership with the Pacific in Union (PiU) Rugby for Schools initiative, 12 HPE pre-service teachers from an Australian regional university were linked with local schools in Western Samoa and required to facilitate a three-week sports-based, health and physical activity programme. The programme is referred to as the Samoa Sports Outreach Programme (SSOP). This qualitative study utilised the cultural competence model inclusive of knowledge, values and skills to explore the perceptions of pre-service teachers in relation to their involvement in the SSOP. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Findings indicated that the international field experience provided positive support towards HPE pre-service teachers’ development of cultural competence, increased students’ awareness of cultural beliefs and values outside of their individual belief system and assisted students to develop a repertoire of skills needed to work more effectively as professionals in transcultural contexts.
S(+)-ketamine Effect on Experimental Pain and Cardiac Output: A Population Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Modeling Study in Healthy Volunteers

Background:Low-dose ketamine behaves as an analgesic in the treatment of acute and chronic pain. To further understand ketamine’s therapeutic profile, the authors performed a population pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic analysis of the S(+)-ketamine analgesic and nonanalgesic effects in healthy volunteers. Methods:Ten men and ten women received a 2-h S(+)-ketamine infusion. The infusion was increased at 40 ng/ml per 15 min to reach a maximum of 320 ng/ml. The following measurements were made: arterial plasma S(+)-ketamine and S(+)-norketamine concentrations, heat pain intensity, electrical pain tolerance, drug high, and cardiac output. The data were modeled by using sigmoid Emax models of S(+)-ketamine concentration versus effect and S(+)-ketamine + S(+)-norketamine concentrations versus effect. Results:Sex differences observed were restricted to pharmacokinetic model parameters, with a 20% greater elimination clearance of S(+)-ketamine and S(+)-norketamine in women resulting in higher drug plasma concentrations in men. S(+)-ketamine produced profound drug high and analgesia with six times greater potency in the heat pain than the electrical pain test. After ketamine-infusion, analgesia rapidly dissipated; in the heat pain test but not the electrical pain test, analgesia was followed by a period of hyperalgesia. Over the dose range tested, ketamine produced a 40–50% increase in cardiac output. A significant consistent contribution of S(+)-norketamine to overall effect was detected for none of the outcome parameters. Conclusions:S(+)-ketamine displays clinically relevant sex differences in its pharmacokinetics. It is a potent analgesic at already low plasma concentrations, but it is associated with intense side effects.
Spectral Analysis of Symmetric and Anti-Symmetric Pairwise Kernels

We consider the problem of learning regression functions from pairwise data when there exists prior knowledge that the relation to be learned is symmetric or anti-symmetric. Such prior knowledge is commonly enforced by symmetrizing or anti-symmetrizing pairwise kernel functions. Through spectral analysis, we show that these transformations reduce the kernel's effective dimension. Further, we provide an analysis of the approximation properties of the resulting kernels, and bound the regularization bias of the kernels in terms of the corresponding bias of the original kernel.
Measuring the controversy level of Arabic trending topics on Twitter

Social micro-blogging systems like Twitter are used today as a platform that enables its users to write down about different topics. One important aspect of such human interactions is the existence of debate and disagreement. The most heated debates are found on controversial topics. Detecting such topics can be very beneficial in understanding the behavior of online social networks users and the dynamics of their interactions. Such an understanding leads to better ways of handling and predicting how the "online crowds" will act. Several approaches have been proposed for detecting controversy in online communication. Some of them represent the interactions in the form of graphs and study their properties in order to determine whether the topic of interaction is controversial or not. Other approaches rely on the content of the exchanged messages. In this study, we focus on the former approach in identifying the controversy level of the trending topics on Twitter. Unlike many previous works, we do not limit ourselves to a certain domain. Moreover, we focus on social content written in Arabic about hot events occurring in the Middle East. To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first work to undertake this approach in studying controversy in general topics written in Arabic. We collect a large dataset of tweets on different trending topics from different domains. We apply several approaches for controversy detection and compare their outcomes to determine which one is the most consistent measure.
Hybridising Sport Education and Teaching for Personal and Social Responsibility to include students with disabilities

Abstract The present study aimed to explore the impact of the combination of two pedagogical models, Sport Education and Teaching for Personal and Social Responsibility, for learners with disabilities experiencing a contactless kickboxing learning unit. Twelve secondary education students agreed to participate. Five had disabilities (intellectual and motor). Additionally, three physical education teachers and the mother of one of the students contributed. Five different research instruments were used to obtain information from all participants: drawings, open-ended questions, discussion groups, diaries and semi-structured interviews. Thematic content analysis and constant comparison guided data analysis resulted in three major categories: part of the team, learning and enjoyment. Several ideas were also identified: inclusion, friendship, cooperation, students’ important role and transference. In conclusion, the hybridisation of Sport Education and Teaching for Personal and Social Responsibility seems to be a powerful tool for including students with disabilities in physical education, helping them and their classmates connect in and out of class.
Regularization techniques for discrete cepstrum estimation

Traditional spectral envelope estimation methods suffer from significant drawbacks in (high-pitched) voiced segments: spectral peaks tend to be biased toward pitch harmonics. To alleviate this drawback, discrete modeling techniques have been proposed. The discrete cepstrum method consists in fitting a spectral envelope parameterized by cepstrum coefficients to a discrete set of spectral points using a log-spectral distortion criterion. Unfortunately, this estimation problem is ill conditioned in many cases of interest. The article introduces a simple regularization technique that guarantees that the spectral envelope is well behaved. A modification of the basic regularization criterion is proposed in order to take into account a possible prior knowledge of the spectral tilt of the envelope.