Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Proteomic differences with and without ozone-exposure in a smoking-induced emphysema lung model

Background/Aims Acute exacerbations in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease may be related to air pollution, of which ozone is an important constituent. In this study, we investigated the protein profiles associated with ozone-induced exacerbations in a smoking-induced emphysema model. Methods Mice were divided into the following groups: group I, no smoking and no ozone (NS + NO); group II, no smoking and ozone (NS + O); group III, smoking and no ozone (S + NO); and group IV, smoking and ozone (S + O). Bronchoalveolar lavage, the mean linear intercept (MLI) on hematoxylin and eosin staining, nano-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), and Western blotting analyses were performed. Results The MLIs of groups III (S + NO) and IV (S + O) (45 ± 2 and 44 ± 3 µm, respectively) were significantly higher than those of groups I (NS + NO) and II (NS + O) (26 ± 2 and 23 ± 2 µm, respectively; p < 0.05). Fourteen spots that showed significantly different intensities on image analyses of two-dimensional (2D) protein electrophoresis in group I (NS + NO) were identified by LC-MS/MS. The levels of six proteins were higher in group IV (S + O). The levels of vimentin, lactate dehydrogenase A, and triose phosphate isomerase were decreased by both smoking and ozone treatment in Western blotting and proteomic analyses. In contrast, TBC1 domain family 5 (TBC1D5) and lamin A were increased by both smoking and ozone treatment. Conclusions TBC1D5 could be a biomarker of ozone-induced lung injury in emphysema.
Lenvatinib in combination with golvatinib overcomes hepatocyte growth factor pathway-induced resistance to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor inhibitor

Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors are approved for the treatment of several tumor types; however, some tumors show intrinsic resistance to VEGFR inhibitors, and some patients develop acquired resistance to these inhibitors. Therefore, a strategy to overcome VEGFR inhibitor resistance is urgently required. Recent reports suggest that activation of the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) pathway through its cognate receptor, Met, contributes to VEGFR inhibitor resistance. Here, we explored the effect of the HGF/Met signaling pathway and its inhibitors on resistance to lenvatinib, a VEGFR inhibitor. In in vitro experiments, addition of VEGF plus HGF enhanced cell growth and tube formation of HUVECs when compared with stimulation by either factor alone. Lenvatinib potently inhibited the growth of HUVECs induced by VEGF alone, but cells induced by VEGF plus HGF showed lenvatinib resistance. This HGF‐induced resistance was cancelled when the Met inhibitor, golvatinib, was added with lenvatinib. Conditioned medium from tumor cells producing high amounts of HGF also conferred resistance to inhibition by lenvatinib. In s.c. xenograft models based on various tumor cell lines with high HGF expression, treatment with lenvatinib alone showed weak antitumor effects, but treatment with lenvatinib plus golvatinib showed synergistic antitumor effects, accompanied by decreased tumor vessel density. These results suggest that HGF from tumor cells confers resistance to tumor endothelial cells against VEGFR inhibitors, and that combination therapy using VEGFR inhibitors with Met inhibitors may be effective for overcoming resistance to VEGFR inhibitors. Further evaluation in clinical trials is warranted.
Adaptive Self-Regulation of Unattainable Goals: Goal Disengagement, Goal Reengagement, and Subjective Well-Being

Three studies examined associations between goal disengagement, goal reengagement, and subjective well-being. In Study 1, 115 undergraduates reported on the extent to which they were able to abandon unattainable goals and reengage their efforts in alternative goals. Study 2 examined the importance of goal disengagement and goal reengagement in groups of young adults and older adults (N = 120). In Study 3, a sample of parents of children with cancer and parents of medically healthy children was examined (N = 45). The findings confirmed that goal disengagement and goal reengagement can be associated with ratings of high subjective well-being. In addition, the results showed that goal disengagement and goal reengagement can have interactive effects on subjective well-being. The importance of the findings for effective self-regulation and successful development are discussed.
Akademik Güdülenme İle Akademik Özyeterlik Arasındaki İlişki: İlahiyat Fakültesi Öğrencileri Üzerine Ampirik Bir Araştırma

﻿ Bu arastirmanin amaci, Ilahiyat Fakultesindeki ogrencilerin akademik gudulenme duzeylerinin akademik ozyeterlik ile iliskisini belirlemektir. Arastirmanin orneklemini Gumushane Universitesi Ilahiyat Fakultesi ogrencileri (n=345) olusturmaktadir. Arastirmada “Akademik Gudulenme Olcegi”, “Akademik Ozyeterlik Olcegi”, ve “Kisisel Bilgi Formu” kullanilmistir. Arastirma verilerine tek yonlu varyans (ANOVA) analizi, t–testi ve LSD testleri uygulanmis, pearson korelasyon katsayilari hesaplanmis, regresyon analizi yapilmistir. Arastirma ornekleminden toplanan veriler, SPSS 16.0 programi kullanilmis olup, ulasilan bulgular yorumlanmistir. Ayrica calismada her iki olcege iliskin guvenilirlik (Cronbach Alpha) degeri 0.875 olarak bulunmustur. Calismada ogrencilerin akademik gudulenme duzeyleri ile akademik oz yeterlilik duzeyleri; ogretim turu, cinsiyet, yas, sinif, ekonomik durum, ailede karar alma durumu ve kitap okuma sayilari gibi degiskenler acisindan ele alinmistir.
The 35s Promoter Is Not Constitutively Expressed in the Transgenic Tropical Actinorhizal Tree Casuarina Glauca

The tropical nitrogen-fixing tree, Casuarina glauca Sieb. ex Spreng. was genetically transformed using Agrobacterium tumefaciens C58C1(pGV2260; pBIN19GUSINT). We report on the expression pattern conferred by the cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S promoter in transgenic C. glauca plants grown in vitro, and for one year in a greenhouse. Histochemical assays in shoots from in vitro plants revealed β-glucuronidase (GUS) staining in apical and axillary buds, and in nearly all tissues near the base of the stem. In roots, the CaMV 35S drove strong GUS expression in the apex and vascular tissue. In 1-year old plants grown in a greenhouse, the CaMV 35S promoter was highly active, except in peripheral suberized tissues. Transgenic C. glauca plants were nodulated by the actinomycete Frankia. Histochemical assays on vibratome sections of transgenic nodules demonstrated intense GUS activity in the vascular bundle, the phellogen, and in strands of uninfected cells filled with polyphenols. GUS expression was undetectable in Frankia-infected cells. Introduction Casuarina glauca Sieb. ex Spreng. is a tropical tree with tall mature habit in the Casuarinaceae, a family that originates from Australia (National Research Council 1984). In its natural habitat, C. glauca bears nitrogen-fixing root nodules (so called actinorhizal nodules) induced by the actinomycete Frankia (Baker and Mullin 1992). Thanks to this symbiotic association, the tree can grow vigorously on soils that otherwise would be too deficient in nitrogen to sustain plant growth (National Research Council 1984). The amount of nitrogen fixed by Casuarina is comparable to the amounts fixed by legumes and their Rhizobium symbionts (60 kg ha –1 year –1 ; Diem and Dommergues 1990). Casuarina roots also form an association with mycorrhizal fungi that facilitates the uptake of minerals such as phosphorus. In combination with different symbionts, Casuarina is an excellent tree species for reforestation of low-fertility lands. It also enhances the quality and growth of adjacent crops (National Research Council 1984). The possibility of genetically engineering C. glauca has great promise with respect to the factors that limit classical
Emotion Management in the Workplace

The work explores the management of emotion in organizations and the emotion management skills organizational actors need to possess in order to achieve organizational objectives while also acknowledging the subjective experiences of its members. The key strength of this text lies in its critical approach and labor-process orientation. It will appeal to students of organizational studies, gender studies, sociology and human resource management at the undergraduate and postgraduate levels.
Psychological Wellbeing and Personality Mental Health

Wellbeing is a multifaceted phenomenon with regard to its conceptualization, fields of application, discourse practices and a great number of components. Its greatest advantage resides in health improvement and lifespan increment. Health can be considered as a source of physical and mental force, as an adaptive ability of the organism, an ideal and meaning of life, an ideal state of the individual who feels well. The aim of the study was to examine socio-psychological features of the respondents with different degrees of subjective wellbeing and health self-esteem pronouncement. As a result, the four groups involving 202 testees were singledout. The survey showed that both health self-esteem and subjective wellbeing serve as predictors not only of attitude towards the world and the self but also as a certain “frame” through the prism of which the person perceives the world around. It was revealed that the respondents with low health self-esteem are emotionallyunstable, prone to neuroticism and dissatisfaction with their life in general. The group of the testees with high health self-esteem and high level of subjective wellbeing are characterized by proactive attitude, a zest for life, positive self-esteem, lack of sustainable tension, while the respondents with low level of subjectivewellbeing and low health self-esteem exhibit an increased level of neuroticism, significance of their social environment and preoccupation with their own emotional sensations. The search for individual and typological specific features depending on the person’s subjective perceptions about his health and wellbeing allows forrevealing idiosyncratic “syndromes” of individual consciousness. Keywords: subjective wellbeing, mental health, typology.
Deletion of neurturin impairs development of cholinergic nerves and heart rate control in postnatal mouse hearts

The neurotrophic factor neurturin is required for normal cholinergic innervation of adult mouse heart and bradycardic responses to vagal stimulation. Our goals were to determine effects of neurturin deletion on development of cardiac chronotropic and dromotropic functions, vagal baroreflex response, and cholinergic nerve density in nodal regions of postnatal mice. Experiments were performed on postnatal C57BL/6 wild‐type (WT) and neurturin knockout (KO) mice. Serial electrocardiograms were recorded noninvasively from conscious pups using an ECGenie apparatus. Mice were treated with atenolol to evaluate and block sympathetic effects on heart rate (HR) and phenylephrine (PE) to stimulate the baroreflex. Immunohistochemistry was used to label cholinergic nerves in paraffin sections. WT and KO mice showed similar age‐dependent increases in HR and decreases in PR interval between postnatal days (P) 2.5 and 21. Treatment with atenolol reduced HR significantly in WT and KO pups at P7.5. PE caused a reflex bradycardia that was significantly smaller in KO pups. Cholinergic nerve density was significantly less in nodal regions of P7.5 KO mice. We conclude that cholinergic nerves have minimal influence on developmental changes in HR and PR, QRS, and QTc intervals in mouse pups. However, cholinergic nerves mediate reflex bradycardia by 1 week postnatally. Deletion of neurturin impairs cholinergic innervation of the heart and the vagal efferent component of the baroreflex early during postnatal development.
Expulsive hemorrhage after glaucoma filtering surgery.

AIMS To evaluate the incidence, patient risk factors, diagnosis and management of suprachoroidal hemorrhage (SCH) after glaucoma filtering surgery. METHODS Retrospective case series study comprised 1553 eyes having glaucoma filtering surgery during the last 15 years (between January 1993 and December 2007) at our department. Observations included incidence, patient risk factors, peri and postoperative diagnosis, management, and outcomes of SCH after this procedure. RESULTS Two cases of SCH were revealed. In one eye SCH developed at the end of surgery, in the other eye in the postoperative period. Both patients had systemic and ocular risk factors (hypertension, high preoperative intraocular pressure, myopia, pseudoexfoliation, aphakia or pseudophakia). Visual functions improved in the case of intraoperative SCH over 2 months withouth surgical intervention, in the eye with delayed postoperative SCH visual outcome was poor despite multiple lavages of anterior chamber and vitreous cavity. CONCLUSION Suprachoroidal hemorrhage, both expulsive and delayed, is a rare, but severely debilitating complication of glaucoma surgery.
Emergence of the governance structure for information integration across governmental agencies: a system dynamics approach

The purpose of this paper is to describe a dynamic theory of the socio-technical processes involved in the definition of an Integration Information problem in New York State (NYS). In April 2003, the Criminal Justice Information Technology (CJIT) group of NYS was tasked with developing a framework to give users of criminal justice data and information systems "one-stop shopping" access to information needed to accomplish their mission. CJIT collaborated with the Center for Technology in Government (CTG) for an eight-month period during 2003 to accomplish this task. The theory consists of a system dynamics model for understanding the dynamics of the collaboration involved in the problem definition stage of a project. The model was developed in facilitated group modeling sessions with the CTG team. The model is capable to generate interesting scenarios that show the importance of social accumulations in project management, Moreover, the model illustrates a powerful way to use modeling and simulation as theory-building tools.
A NEW RANK BASED VERSION OF THE ANT SYSTEM: A COMPUTATIONAL STUDY

The ant system is a new meta-heuristic for hard combinatorial optimization problems. It is a population-based approach that uses exploitation of positive feedback as well as greedy search. It was first proposed for tackling the well known Traveling Salesman Problem (TSP), but has been also successfully applied to problems such as quadratic assignment, job-shop scheduling, vehicle routing and graph coloring.In this paper we introduce a new rank based version of the ant system and present results of a computational study, where we compare the ant system with simulated annealing and a genetic algorithm on several TSP instances. It turns out that our rank based ant system can compete with the other methods in terms of average behavior, and shows even better worst case behavior. (author's abstract)
Frequency Estimates for Statistical Word Similarity Measures

Statistical measures of word similarity have application in many areas of natural language processing, such as language modeling and information retrieval. We report a comparative study of two methods for estimating word co-occurrence frequencies required by word similarity measures. Our frequency estimates are generated from a terabyte-sized corpus of Web data, and we study the impact of corpus size on the effectiveness of the measures. We base the evaluation on one TOEFL question set and two practice questions sets, each consisting of a number of multiple choice questions seeking the best synonym for a given target word. For two question sets, a context for the target word is provided, and we examine a number of word similarity measures that exploit this context. Our best combination of similarity measure and frequency estimation method answers 6-8% more questions than the best results previously reported for the same question sets.
Sex educators’ attitudes and intentions towards using sexually explicit material: an application of the theory of planned behaviour

ABSTRACT By means of an online survey, this study investigated factors predicting the intention to use sexually explicit material among 52 sex educators. The online survey was based on the theory of planned behaviour and measured attitudes towards sexually explicit material, subjective norms, perceived behavioural control and the intention to use sexually explicit material when teaching. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that descriptive norms and absolute obstacles predicted the intention to use sexually explicit material. Multivariate analyses of variance showed that sex educators were more likely to use sexually explicit material in a special education setting than as part of general education. Sex educators who had viewed and discussed sexually explicit material during their professional training had a higher intention to use sexually explicit material than those who had not. These findings may be important elements to consider in the training of sex educators and organising sex education classes.
Mammalian histidine decarboxylase: from structure to function

Histamine is a multifunctional biogenic amine with relevant roles in intercellular communication, inflammatory processes and highly prevalent pathologies. Histamine biosynthesis depends on a single decarboxylation step, carried out by a PLP‐dependent histidine decarboxylase activity (EC 4.1.1.22), an enzyme that still remains to be fully characterized. Nevertheless, during the last few years, important advances have been made in this field, including the generation and validation of the first three‐dimensional model of the enzyme, which allows us to revisit previous results and conclusions. This essay provides a comprehensive review of the current knowledge of the structural and functional characteristics of mammalian histidine decarboxylase. BioEssays 27:57–63, 2005. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Computation of wind vectors over the ocean using spaceborne synthetic aperture radar

The high resolution and large coveeage of satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) offer a unique opportunity to derive mesoscale wind fields over the ocean surface and to investigate their spatial variation. For this purpose, different algorithms were developed and tested using SAR images from two European Remote Sensing satellites. In this article, the methods for deriving wind fields from SAR data are introduced. The wind directions are extracted from wind-induced streaks visible on most SAR images. Wind speeds are derived from the normalized radar cross section by applying an empirical C-band model. The different sources of error in wind retrieval that must be considered are discussed with respect to Radarsat/ScanSAR data. Furthermore, SAR-retrieved ocean surface winds are used to investigate the spatial variation of winds at different scales.
Relation of Secondhand Smoking to Mild Cognitive Impairment in Older Inpatients

Up to now, controversy still exists regarding the role of secondhand smoking (SHS) in developing cognitive impairment. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of SHS in hospitalized older patients with cognitive deficit, particularly in those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Smoking history was classified into four groups: never smokers, former-active smokers/no SHS, active smokers, and secondhand smokers, and cognitive function into three levels: normal cognition (C), MCI, and dementia. A total of 933 older subjects with diagnoses of MCI (n = 98), dementia (n = 124), or C (n = 711) were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. As expected, patients with dementia had significantly higher frequency of former-active smokers than cognitively normal. Moreover, patients with MCI showed a significantly higher frequency of active and secondhand smokers than patients with dementia or C. A smoking history is very frequent in older patients with dementia. Patients with MCI had even higher rate of exposure to active or secondhand smoking.
“Gate-keeper” Residues and Active-Site Rearrangements in DNA Polymerase μ Help Discriminate Non-cognate Nucleotides

Incorporating the cognate instead of non-cognate substrates is crucial for DNA polymerase function. Here we analyze molecular dynamics simulations of DNA polymerase μ (pol μ) bound to different non-cognate incoming nucleotides including A:dCTP, A:dGTP, A(syn):dGTP, A:dATP, A(syn):dATP, T:dCTP, and T:dGTP to study the structure-function relationships involved with aberrant base pairs in the conformational pathway; while a pol μ complex with the A:dTTP base pair is available, no solved non-cognate structures are available. We observe distinct differences of the non-cognate systems compared to the cognate system. Specifically, the motions of active-site residue His329 and Asp330 distort the active site, and Trp436, Gln440, Glu443 and Arg444 tend to tighten the nucleotide-binding pocket when non-cognate nucleotides are bound; the latter effect may further lead to an altered electrostatic potential within the active site. That most of these “gate-keeper” residues are located farther apart from the upstream primer in pol μ, compared to other X family members, also suggests an interesting relation to pol μ's ability to incorporate nucleotides when the upstream primer is not paired. By examining the correlated motions within pol μ complexes, we also observe different patterns of correlations between non-cognate systems and the cognate system, especially decreased interactions between the incoming nucleotides and the nucleotide-binding pocket. Altered correlated motions in non-cognate systems agree with our recently proposed hybrid conformational selection/induced-fit models. Taken together, our studies propose the following order for difficulty of non-cognate system insertions by pol μ: T:dGTP<A(syn):dATP<T:dCTP<A:dGTP<A(syn):dGTP<A:dCTP<A:dATP. This sequence agrees with available kinetic data for non-cognate nucleotide insertions, with the exception of A:dGTP, which may be more sensitive to the template sequence. The structures and conformational aspects predicted here are experimentally testable.
Critical Factors That Affect The Success Of Business Intelligence Systems (BIS) Implementation In An Organization

As more organizations move towards intelligent IT infrastructure, nowadays, Business Intelligence Systems (BIS) become a more widely used IT solution. Even though it is a widely used IT solution, many BIS implementations are not successful because they are time consuming and expensive. The benefits of BIS can be achieved if the system is implemented successfully. This paper explores the critical success factors (CSFs) that effect BIS implementation both from the perspectives of management and technology. Also, based on literature and interviews, a conceptual framework of successful implementation of BIS is proposed. The framework summarizes CSFs of BIS based on project implementation life cycle (pre implementation stage, implementation stage and post-implementation stage) from managerial and technological perspectives. Finally, results, suggestions and directions for future researches are discussed.