Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Faint Sky Variability Survey - I. Goals and data reduction process

The Faint Sky Variability Survey is aimed at finding photometric and/or astrometric variable objects in the brightness range between ∼16th and ∼24th mag on time-scales between tens of minutes and years with photometric precisions ranging from 3 millimag for the brightest to 0.2 mag for the faintest objects. An area of ∼23 deg 2 , located at mid and high Galactic latitudes, has been covered using the Wide Field Camera on the 2.5-m Isaac Newton Telescope on La Palma. Here we describe the main goals of the Faint Sky Variability Survey and the data reduction process.
Learning Recursive Theories in the Normal ILP Setting

Induction of recursive theories in the normal ILP setting is a difficult learning task whose complexity is equivalent to multiple predicate learning. In this paper we propose computational solutions to some relevant issues raised by the multiple predicate learning problem. A separate-and-parallel-conquer search strategy is adopted to interleave the learning of clauses supplying predicates with mutually recursive definitions. A novel generality order to be imposed on the search space of clauses is investigated, in order to cope with recursion in a more suitable way. The consistency recovery is performed by reformulating the current theory and by applying a layering technique, based on the collapsed dependency graph. The proposed approach has been implemented in the ILP system ATRE and tested on some laboratory-sized and real-world data sets. Experimental results demonstrate that ATRE is able to learn correct theories autonomously and to discover concept dependencies. Finally, related works and their main differences with our approach are discussed.
Gender roles and traits in stress and health

Women have a life-expectancy advantage over men, but a marked disadvantage with regards to morbidity. This is known as the female–male health-survival paradox in disciplines such as medicine, medical sociology, and epidemiology. Individual differences in physical and mental health are further notably explained by the degree of stress individuals endure, with women being more affected by stressors than men. Here, we briefly examine the literature on women’s disadvantage in health and stress. Beyond biological considerations, we follow with socio-cognitive explanations of gender differences in health and stress. We show that gender roles and traits (masculinity in particular) explain part of the gender differences in stress, notably cognitive appraisal and coping. Stress in turn degrades health. Implications are discussed. In conclusion, traditional socialization is advantageous for men in terms of health.
Plasma Antiepileptic Drug Concentrations During Pregnancy

Summary: Steady‐state plasma antiepileptic drug (AED) concentrations were measured at intervals throughout pregnancy and during the postnatal period in 105 women who underwent 134 pregnancies. Phenytoin (PHT) dosage had to be increased in 85% of pregnancies in which the drug was received, carbamazepine (CBZ) dosage in 70%, and phenobarbital (PB) or methylphenobarbital (MPB) dosage in 85%, in an attempt to prevent or correct a fall in plasma concentrations of the respective drugs as pregnancy progressed. The altered disposition of the AEDs usually began in the first 10 weeks of pregnancy (often before epileptic pregnant women are referred for neurological supervision), and had returned to baseline value within 4 weeks of childbirth in two thirds of the women receiving PHT. The return to the nonpregnant situation appeared to be slower for CBZ, PB, and MPB. In women studied during more than one pregnancy, the changes in AED dosage to plasma concentration ratios tended to be greater in the first than in the subsequent pregnancies. Full seizure control prior to pregnancy was associated with a more favorable outcome for freedom from seizures during pregnancy. However, the plasma level monitoring‐dosage adjustment policy produced no marked improvement in overall seizure control in pregnancy. This may have occurred because some patients were seen too late in their pregnancies for the policy to have been applied optimally.
Charismatic leadership and organizational commitment: An Indian perspective

The aim of this study is to further our understanding on the relationship of charismatic leadership and organizational commitment in Indian organization. A total of 147 employees from eastern and northern India participated in the study. Pearson correlations of the factors from the two scales were computed and revealed that five of the six Ck-factors were significantly correlated with the commitment factors. These findings indicate leader’s sensitivity to member’s needs is related to organizational commitment, having a clear vision and articulating it seems related to commitment, and managers need to be clear about the goals and values of the organization. The results of multiple regression analysis provide strong support for main objectives – among the two major antecedents (charismatic leadership and job satisfaction) is found to exert the strongest effect on organizational commitment of the employees of Indian organization in the study sample. Factors hypothesized to be significant predictors of organizational commitment, age and nature of job did not turn out to be significant at all. Key words: Organizational commitment, charismatic leadership, factors, employees.
Sleeping-in on the weekend delays circadian phase and increases sleepiness the following week

Many individuals tend to sleep-in later over the weekend, possibly in an attempt to catch up on accumulated sleep loss from the working week. Previous studies have found that delaying bedtime and waking-up time (WUT) results in a delayed circadian rhythm and a decline in subsequent mood and cognitive functioning. The present study investigated the effect of delaying only WUT for two weekend mornings on the timing of the dim light melatonin onset circadian rhythm (DLMO), as well as sleep, daytime sleepiness and fatigue. In a repeated measures design with 16 participants, the delayed weekend WUT condition (DS) was compared with a weekend in which they kept their habitual weekday WUT (HS). On average, participants in the DS condition delayed their weekend WUT by about 3 h. When compared to the HS condition, participants in the DS condition had a significant delay in salivary DLMO of 42 min between Friday and Sunday nights. They also indicated an 8-min increased sleep onset latency on Sunday night and significantly greater daytime fatigue and sleepiness on Monday and Tuesday of the following week. Sleeping-in late on the weekend appears to have a subsequent cost of delaying circadian rhythm, delaying sleep on Sunday night and increased daytime sleepiness and fatigue, the so-called ‘Monday morning blues’.
False belief understanding: Children catch it from classmates of different ages

Two experiments were conducted to compare the false belief understanding of children who have no siblings, but have classmates of different ages in kindergarten. In Experiment 1, 4- and 5-year-olds completed two unexpected location tasks. We found that 4-year-olds with classmates of different ages performed significantly better than those with classmates of the same age. This result was replicated in a larger sample in Experiment 2 in which the children were asked to complete an unexpected location task and an unexpected content task. The findings suggested that the presence of minds with varied ages stimulates the social cognitive understanding of young children, particularly for 4-year-olds. The findings of the present study give a particularly clear view of the effect of classmates of different ages on young children's theory of mind development, extending findings in other research on the advantage of having siblings.
Hemodynamic Analysis for Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt (TIPS) in the Liver Based on a CT-Image

In this paper, we apply a 3-D flow model and a 1-D circulation model to the hemodynamic analysis of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS), the therapy for treating acute portal hypertension (PH) induced diseases. Using the 3-D model we are able to simulate the blood flow within a patient-specific TIPS system which was reconstructed from a computed tomography image, and quantify such hemodynamic data as the wall shear stress and flow velocity. The 1-D model is used for the investigation of generic TIPS-induced hepatic circulation phenomena. By incorporating physiological data into the 1-D model we can reproduce some complex flow patterns such as the increased arterial flow after TIPS implantation, the formation of retrograde flow in the portal vein, etc. In particular, our model gives a quantitative analysis of the interplay between TIPS and hepatic flows. In conclusion, the presented computational model can be used for the theoretical analysis of TIPS, in which clinical decisions are often made based on contradictory considerations to balance the procedure-induced complications and the urgency of relieving acute PH symptoms.
Evaluate to improve: useful approaches to student evaluation

Many teachers in higher education use feedback from students to evaluate their teaching, but only some use these evaluations to improve their teaching. One important factor that makes the difference is the teacher’s approach to their evaluations. In this article, we identify some useful approaches for improving teaching. We conducted focus groups with award-winning university teachers who use student evaluations to improve their teaching, and we identified how they approach their evaluation data. We found that these teachers take a reflective approach, aiming for constant improvement, and see their evaluation data as formative feedback, useful for improving learning outcomes for their students. We summarise this as the improvement approach, and we offer it for other teachers to emulate. We argue that if teachers take this reflective, formative, student-centred approach, they can also use student evaluations to improve their teaching, and this approach should be fostered by institutions to encourage more teachers to use student evaluations to improve their teaching.
Examining the Role of Social Capital in Access to College for Latinas: Toward a College Opportunity Framework

Using life history research methods, this study sought to understand how relationships with family and school personnel affect postsecondary opportunities for Latina students. The focus is on primary and secondary school experiences of two groups of Latina students and how those experiences influenced their opportunities to pursue postsecondary education. Findings suggest exposure to or accumulation of high or low volumes of social capital or institutional neglect and abuse limits or expands students’ perceived and/or actual opportunities for college.
Professional Educational Psychology and Community Relations Education in Northern Ireland

The events in North Belfast surrounding the children of Holy Cross Primary School have reminded us all, graphically, of how long and tortuous the path to lasting peace in Northern Ireland might be. In this very timely article, the author describes his practice-based research aimed at informing the processes of school improvement for peace and reconciliation. The analysis involves an exploration of the contribution that professional educational psychology might make to community relations education and to the broader project of inclusion and social reconstruction in Northern Ireland. The present article intends to contribute towards local debate concerning a reappraisal of the educational psychologist role. Furthermore, to be relevant to all educational psychologists who are interested in the contribution of schooling towards improved intergroup relationships and peace education.
Incidence, types and characteristics of aggressive behaviour in treatment facilities for adults with mild intellectual disability and severe challenging behaviour.

BACKGROUND Inpatient aggression in treatment facilities for persons with intellectual disability (ID) can have aversive consequences, for co-clients and staff, but also for the aggressors themselves. To manage and eventually prevent inpatient aggressive incidents, more knowledge about their types and characteristics is necessary. METHOD In four facilities, totalling 150 beds, specialized in the treatment of adults with mild ID or severe challenging behaviour, aggressive incidents were registered during 20 weeks using the Staff Observation Aggression Scale-Revised. Characteristics of auto-aggressive and outwardly directed incidents and differences in their incidence in male and female clients in these facilities were compared. RESULTS During the observation period of 20 weeks, 639 aggressive incidents were documented. Most of these (71%) were outwardly directed, predominantly towards staff, while most of the remaining incidents were of an auto-aggressive nature. Of the 185 clients present during the observation period, 44% were involved in outwardly directed incidents (range per client 1-34), and 12% in auto-aggressive incidents (range per client 1-92). Auto-aggressive and outwardly directed incidents differed regarding source of provocation, means used during the incident, consequences of the incident and measures taken to stop the incident. The proportion of men and women involved in each type of incident was comparable, as well as the majority of the characteristics of outwardly directed incidents caused by men and women. CONCLUSIONS Although approximately half of all clients were involved in aggressive incidents, a small minority of clients were responsible for the majority of incidents. Therefore, better management and prevention of aggressive incidents for only a small group of clients could result in a considerable overall reduction of aggressive incidents in treatment facilities. Comparability of aggressive behaviour in these facilities shown by men and women and differences in characteristics of auto-aggressive and outwardly directed incidents are discussed.
Turner syndrome and autoimmune diseases: record-linkage study

Background There is increasing evidence that Turner syndrome is associated with an elevated risk of a range of autoimmune disorders. We aimed to document this in a national study. Method Use of a record-linked dataset of all hospital admissions in England, 1999–2011, to construct a retrospective cohort of people with Turner syndrome and a control cohort of people without it. Statistical follow-up to identify the occurrence of 29 separate autoimmune disorders in each cohort. Calculation of rate ratios, comparing the Turner and control cohorts. Results In the Turner syndrome cohort (2459 people), rate ratios were elevated for 16 of the 29 conditions. Examples included coeliac disease (rate ratio 14.0, 95% CI 10.2 to 18.8), Crohn's disease (5.3, 3.5 to 7.8), ulcerative colitis (3.9, 2.3 to 6.1), hypothyroidism (8.8, 7.8 to 9.9) and hyperthyroidism (4.9, 3.2 to 7.1). Conclusions The increased risk of autoimmune disorders in people with Turner syndrome covers a wide range of conditions.
Search-Based Prediction of Fault Count Data

Symbolic regression, an application domain of genetic programming (GP), aims to find a function whose output has some desired property, like matching target values of a particular data set. While typical regression involves finding the coefficients of a pre-defined function, symbolic regression finds a general function, with coefficients, fitting the given set of data points. The concepts of symbolic regression using genetic programming can be used to evolve a model for fault count predictions. Such a model has the advantages that the evolution is not dependent on a particular structure of the model and is also independent of any assumptions, which are common in traditional time-domain parametric software reliability growth models. This research aims at applying experiments targeting fault predictions using genetic programming and comparing the results with traditional approaches to compare efficiency gains.
Failure to Register as a Sex Offender: Is it Associated with Recidivism?

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between failure to register (FTR) as a sex offender and subsequent recidivism (N = 2,970). No significant differences were found between the sexual recidivism rates of those who failed to register and compliant registrants (11% vs. 9%, respectively). There was no significant difference in the proportion of sexual recidivists and nonrecidivists with registration violations (12% vs. 10%, respectively). FTR did not predict sexual recidivism, and survival analyses revealed no significant difference in time to recidivism when comparing those who failed to register (2.9 years) with compliant registrants (2.8 years). Results fail to support the supposition that sexual offenders who fail to register are more sexually dangerous than those who comply with registration requirements. The punitive emphasis on registration enforcement may not be justified and might divert limited resources away from strategies that would better facilitate public protection from sexual violence.
The role of a ‘retirement transition’ in the repopulation of rural areas

Two of the most important demographic trends to emerge in recent decades have been the growth of a highly mobile ageing population and a deconcentration of persons from urban to rural areas. This paper investigates Bures' (1997) retirement transition hypothesis for the mobility patterns of pre-retirement age groups in relation to the repopulation of rural areas of England and Scotland. It incorporates household survey data relating to the migration patterns and decisions of those aged between 50 and 64 years. Evidence is obtained to support Bures' hypothesis. It is suggested that an economic transition accompanies any retirement transition. In addition, differences in the nature of the retirement transition are observed between the repopulation of rural England and Scotland. These trends have important policy implications for the future of rural areas. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Capacity Demands in Short-Term Memory for Synthetic and .Natural Speech

Three experiments were performed that compared recall for synthetic and natural lists of monosyllabic words. In the first experiment, presentation intervals of 1, 2, and 5 s per word were used. Although free recall was consistently poorer overall for the synthetic lists at all presentation rates, the decrement for synthetic stimuli did not increase differentially with faster rates. In a second experiment, zero, three, and six digits were presented visually for retention prior to free recall of each spoken word list in a preload paradigm. Fewer subjects were able to correctly recall all of the digits for the six-digit list than the three-digit list when the following word lists were synthetic. The third experiment required ordered recall of lists of natural and synthetic words. Differences in ordered recall between the synthetic and natural word lists were substantially larger for the primacy portion of the serial position curve than the recency portion. These results indicate that difficulties observed in the perception and comprehension of synthetic speech are due, in part, to increased processing demands in short-term memory.
The Politics of Responsibility: A Theory of Program Planning Practice for Adult Education

This article proposes a theory of program planning practice that takes power and interests as central to action and asks what educators can do to plan responsibly. Program planning is defined as a social activity in which educators negotiate interests in organizational contexts structured by power relations. We explain four central concepts on which the theory is based: power, interests, negotiation, and responsibility. By tying these four concepts together, the theory urges planners to nurture a substantively democratic planning process in the face of power relations that either support or threaten this vision. We argue that this theory meets the criteria for any social theory to be empirically fitting, practically appropriate, and ethically illuminating.
Mechanism of Procedural Failure Related to Wingspan

Purpose Wingspan is the only FDA approved self-expanding stent for intracranial artery and known to have better delivery compared to balloon expandable stent. However, some delivery failure has been reported but incidence and mechanism of the failure have not been completely elucidated. We present the cause and mechanism of Wingspan deployment failure experienced in our Institute. Materials and Methods We experienced deployment failure in seven patients (8.8%) out of 80 patients who underwent Wingspan stenting since 2007. Mean age of the patients was 62 (range 47~78) and male to female ratio was 6:1. We evaluated the cause and mechanism why the deployment was not successful and how we could manage it subsequently. Results We categorized failures occurred in seven patients into three categories: delivery failure (n = 3), deployment failure of stent (n = 3), retrieval failure of dual tapered (olive) tip of the inner body through the deployed the stent (n = 1). The technical failure in using Wingspan stent (delivery, deployment and retrieval failures) are related to tortuousness of the proximal (n =4) as well as distal (n =1) cerebral vessels to the stenotic lesion and bulky profile of the olive tip (n =2). Conclusion The technical failure in using Wingspan stent (delivery, deployment and retrieval failures) are related to tortuousness of the proximal as well as distal cerebral vessels to the stenotic lesion and bulky profile of the olive tip. To avoid device-related complication, complete understanding of the stent design is mandatory before using the stent.
Can You See Me Now? Audience and Disclosure Regulation in Online Social Network Sites

The prevailing paradigm in Internet privacy literature, treating privacy within a context merely of rights and violations, is inadequate for studying the Internet as a social realm. Following Goffman on self-presentation and Altman's theorizing of privacy as an optimization between competing pressures for disclosure and withdrawal, the author investigates the mechanisms used by a sample (n = 704) of college students, the vast majority users of Facebook and Myspace, to negotiate boundaries between public and private. Findings show little to no relationship between online privacy concerns and information disclosure on online social network sites. Students manage unwanted audience concerns by adjusting profile visibility and using nicknames but not by restricting the information within the profile. Mechanisms analogous to boundary regulation in physical space, such as walls, locks, and doors, are favored; little adaptation is made to the Internet's key features of persistence, searchability, and cross-indexability. The author also finds significant racial and gender differences.
Dimensionality Reduction of a Pathological Voice Quality Assessment System Based on Gaussian Mixture Models and Short-Term Cepstral Parameters

Voice diseases have been increasing dramatically in recent times due mainly to unhealthy social habits and voice abuse. These diseases must be diagnosed and treated at an early stage, especially in the case of larynx cancer. It is widely recognized that vocal and voice diseases do not necessarily cause changes in voice quality as perceived by a listener. Acoustic analysis could be a useful tool to diagnose this type of disease. Preliminary research has shown that the detection of voice alterations can be carried out by means of Gaussian mixture models and short-term mel cepstral parameters complemented by frame energy together with first and second derivatives. This paper, using the F-Ratio and Fisher's discriminant ratio, will demonstrate that the detection of voice impairments can be performed using both mel cepstral vectors and their first derivative, ignoring the second derivative