Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting Repeat Abuse Among Arrested Batterers

As a result of mandatory arrest and no-drop prosecution policies, domestic violence cases are flooding courts throughout the country and overwhelming available resources. Ideally, the most dangerous offenders would be prosecuted and sentenced most aggressively and victims at the highest risk would receive the most intensive advocacy. Thus, judges, prosecutors, probation officers, and advocates are calling for empirically validated methods to assess future risk among arrested batterers. This article describes a pilot investigation of the utility of the Danger Assessment Scale for contributing to the prediction of repeat abuse. Findings suggest that the Danger Assessment Scale, administered to battered women seeking help from the justice system, can contribute significantly to the prediction of short-term abuse recurrence among arrested batterers. Implications for future research are discussed.
Eye and Brain: The Psychology of Seeing

Since the publication of the first edition in 1966, Eye and Brain has established itself worldwide as an essential introduction to the basic phenomena of visual perception. In this book, Gregory offers clear explanations of how we see brightness, movement, color, and objects, and he explores the phenomena of visual illusions to establish principles about how perception normally works and why it sometimes fails. Although successive editions have incorporated new discoveries and ideas, this is the first time that Richard Gregory has completely revised and updated the text, adding more than thirty new illustrations. The phenomena of illusion continue to be a major theme in the book, in which the author makes a new attempt to provide a comprehensive classification system. There are also new sections on what babies see and how they learn to see, on motion perception, and tantalizing glimpses of the relationship between vision and consciousness and of the impact of new brain imaging techniques. In addition, the presentation of the text and illustrations has been improved by the larger format and new page design. The thousands of readers of the previous editions of Eye and Brain will find this new revised edition even more attractive and enthralling.
Predictive factors for post-operative drainage after partial superficial parotidectomy: a case-control study

Abstract Objectives: This study aimed to identify the pattern of post-operative drainage following partial superficial parotidectomy with and without the use of a bipolar vessel-sealing device. Methods: Of the 49 patients undergoing parotidectomies, a bipolar vessel-sealing device was used for 20. Predictive factors included in the analysis were age, sex, body weight, operating time, tumour pathology, and diabetes mellitus, hypertension and smoking status. Results: In multivariate analyses, body weight (p = 0.026) and non-use of a bipolar vessel-sealing device (p = 0.009) were significantly associated with increased post-operative drainage after 24 hours. There was also a trend towards increased drainage in diabetic patients. Operating times were significantly shorter in the bipolar vessel-sealing device group. Conclusion: Although 24-hour drainage appears adequate for most patients, in obese and diabetic individuals there is a risk of requiring increased drainage. Therefore, the drain should be left in place for a longer period. The bipolar vessel-sealing device is safe and time-efficient, and decreases the post-operative drainage period.
Sources of Variation in the Efficiency of Adopting Management Innovation: The Role of Absorptive Capacity Routines, Managerial Attention and Organizational Legitimacy

Drawing on two in-depth case studies, this paper develops a conceptual model of how absorptive capacity routines and their underlying processes of evolution influence the efficiency of management innovation adaptation processes. The model highlights three important relations. First, although different configurations of absorptive capacity routines can lead to the successful implementation of the same management innovation – namely the reconfiguration of firms’ value chains through sourcing of business services from offshore countries – the sequence of developing routines, their adequacy, and the interdependencies fit between routines partly explain how rapidly and seamlessly a firm is able to implement a management innovation. Second, we identify managerial attention and organizational legitimacy as two critical and interrelated sources of variation of the efficiency in the process of adopting and adapting management innovations. Finally, attention direction by a top-level internal change agent is more effective than local problemistic search to foster managerial attention and organizational legitimacy to both the management innovation to be adopted, and the need to develop and put into practice an appropriate set of absorptive capacity routines.
Internal and External Audit Effectiveness in Fraud Detection through Continuous Auditing

In the age of real-time accounting and real-time communication, the current audit practices, while effective, often provide audit results long after fraud and/or errors have occurred. Real-time assurances can assist in preventing intentional or unintentional errors. This can best be achieved through continuous auditing which relies heavily on technology. These technologies are embedded facilities which are crucial to continuous auditing models. Moreover, the recent rash of corporate frauds and malfeasance has intensified the focus on continuous assurance as a viable enterprise risk-management tool. In line with this focus, this study explores the feasibility of implementing continuous assurance as a means of facilitating early detection of fraudulent activities as they occurred. This study adopted a cross sectional survey design using purposive sampling to ensure that only knowledgeable respondents were chosen. Kruskal-Wallis Rank Test statistical technique which is an extension of the Mann-Whitney U-test was used to analyse the data. The findings suggest that those firms that adopted continuous audit in conjunction with performing certain analytical functions in line with IAS 520 are better positioned to detect fraudulent practices as they occurred.
Trance, Possession, Shamanism and Sex

Altered States of Consciousness is an umbrella term applied in the study of psychological, sociological and religious phenomena that are regularly encountered experientially in the study of trance, possession, and shamanism, all of which have complex and problematic links with music. Beginning with trance, and stressing the pervasive sexual imagery invoked, this paper reviews the role ofASC in these three areas in the anthropology of religion.
Suicide Risk Factors Among Mexican Migrant Farmworker Women in the Midwest United States

No previous studies have assessed suicide risk among migrant farmworkers in the United States. The purposes of the present study were threefold: (1) to assess the prevalence levels of anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation in a sample of first-generation Mexican migrant farmworker women in the Midwest United States; (2) to examine the variables that predict depression and suicidal ideation; and (3) to qualitatively--through interviews--determine the stressors experienced by migrant farmworker women. The overall sample reported elevated levels of anxiety, depression, and suicidal ideation. Family dysfunction, ineffective social support, hopelessness, and high acculturative stress were related to high depression. Migrant farmworker women who experienced suicidal ideation reported lower self esteem, greater family dysfunction, less effective social support, greater hopelessness, higher acculturative stress, and more depression than migrant farmworker women with no suicidal ideation. In determining whether these factors could predict suicidal ideation, a logistic regression analysis accurately classified 100% of the cases. Finally, a content analysis revealed that the migrant farmworker women experienced 21 distinct stressors associated with their lifestyle. Clinical implications of the findings are discussed.
Critical Realism: An Emancipatory Philosophy for Applied Linguistics?

Applied linguistics goes beyond ideal matters of linguistic meaning and into the real world of human interaction. It relates theory (and theories) to practice. So its concerns reach into questions of 'being' itself. The influential philosophy of the human sciences, critical realism, begins with questions of being. It views the non-human properties of the social world as real entities, especially the reasons and accounts that people offer to interpret the material and immaterial aspects of their worlds. If applied linguists were to take these accounts more seriously, applied linguistics might contribute more directly to improving the human condition. After locating applied linguistics within its implicit theories of knowledge, this article outlines critical realism as a philosophy, comparing it with the work of prominent social theorists, and arguing for its clear relevance to applied linguistics. The article presents six areas in applied linguistics that might be reformed: the hegemonic nature of theories; dictionary-making; language planning; linguistic nomenclatures; the treatment of standard and non-standard varieties; and the delivery of second language programs. The author ends by arguing that if critical realism were to become a guiding philosophy for applied linguistics, then the epistemology ethically suited to the field would be a much more inclusive theory of knowledge than the one that presently dominates it
Affective Primacy vs. Cognitive Primacy: Dissolving the Debate

When people see a snake, they are likely to activate both affective information (e.g., dangerous) and non-affective information about its ontological category (e.g., animal). According to the Affective Primacy Hypothesis, the affective information has priority, and its activation can precede identification of the ontological category of a stimulus. Alternatively, according to the Cognitive Primacy Hypothesis, perceivers must know what they are looking at before they can make an affective judgment about it. We propose that neither hypothesis holds at all times. Here we show that the relative speed with which affective and non-affective information gets activated by pictures and words depends upon the contexts in which stimuli are processed. Results illustrate that the question of whether affective information has processing priority over ontological information (or vice versa) is ill-posed. Rather than seeking to resolve the debate over Cognitive vs. Affective Primacy in favor of one hypothesis or the other, a more productive goal may be to determine the factors that cause affective information to have processing priority in some circumstances and ontological information in others. Our findings support a view of the mind according to which words and pictures activate different neurocognitive representations every time they are processed, the specifics of which are co-determined by the stimuli themselves and the contexts in which they occur.
Witnessing and Mirroring: A Fourteen Stage Model of Transsexual Identity Formation

SUMMARY Coming to recognize oneself as transsexual involves a number of stages of exploration and analysis on both an interpersonal and intrapersonal level over the course of many years. A model encompassing fourteen possible stages is proposed: (1) Abiding Anxiety, (2) Identity Confusion About Originally Assigned Gender and Sex, (3) Identity Comparisons About Originally Assigned Gender and Sex, (4) Discovery of Transsexualism, (5) Identity Confusion About Transsexualism, (6) Identity Comparisons About Transsexualism, (7) Tolerance of Transsexual Identity, (8) Delay Before Acceptance of Transsexual Identity, (9) Acceptance of Transsexualism Identity, (10) Delay Before Transition, (11) Transition, (12) Acceptance of Post-Transition Gender and Sex Identities, (13) Integration, and (14) Pride.
Social Class and Psychopathology in Adoptees: A Natural Experimental Method for Separating the Roles of Genetic and Experiential Factors

Previous epidemiological studies have generally shown an increased prevalence of schizophrenic disorders among lower socioeconomic status (SES) individuals, but the mechanism mediating this relationship has been unclear. Hypotheses that have been proposed include: a tendency for schizophrenics to move downward in the social hierarchy, the "downward drift hypothesis"; an increased schizophrenic gene pool in lower SES strata; and a provocative or inductive effect on psychopathology produced by factors associated with lower SES membership. Naturalistic studies do not allow a separation of possible genetic and environmental indicators. To circumvent this problem, we studied these relationships in adopted populations. The findings of this study support only the downward drift hypothesis. The special attributes of this study population and the possible biases it may have introduced are discussed.
The Babbage principle after evolutionary economics

In this paper we analyse the cognitive roots of the division of labour and relate it to the reduction of tacitness in the organisation and technology of a firm. We study the interaction between efforts of knowledge codification and problems of control in production from an evolutionary and complex systems perspective. By applying our framework to the emergence of white-collar work in the late 19th century and the modern knowledge economy we assert that property rights and limits to codification of knowledge are important forces shaping the process of organisational and technological change.
Bcl-B, a Novel Bcl-2 Family Member That Differentially Binds and Regulates Bax and Bak*

A novel human member of the Bcl-2 family was identified, Bcl-B, which is closest in amino acid sequence homology to the Boo (Diva) protein. The Bcl-B protein contains four Bcl-2 homology (BH) domains (BH1, BH2, BH3, BH4) and a predicted carboxyl-terminal transmembrane (TM) domain. The BCL-BmRNA is widely expressed in adult human tissues. The Bcl-B protein binds Bcl-2, Bcl-XL, and Bax but not Bak. In transient transfection assays, Bcl-B suppresses apoptosis induced by Bax but not Bak. Deletion of the TM domain of Bcl-B impairs its association with intracellular organelles and diminishes its anti-apoptotic function. Bcl-B thus displays a unique pattern of selectivity for binding and regulating the function of other members of the Bcl-2 family.
Dual-channel DNN-based speech enhancement for smartphones

Speech communications in real-world scenarios need high performance enhancement algorithms to address the distortions that can degrade the intelligibility and quality of the speech signal. Current portable devices usually integrate multiple microphones that can conveniently be exploited to improve the signal quality. In this paper we present a dual-microphone speech enhancement approach suitable for smartphones with primary (front) and reference (back) microphones. Our proposal is based on the use of deep neural networks which are able to obtain a non-linear mapping function between noisy and clean speech signals. We explore two different architectures: a feedforward deep neural network (DNN) with temporal context and a gated recurrent unit (GRU) recurrent neural network (RNN). The proposed system is evaluated under different acoustic conditions in close- and far-talk device positions. A comparison with other single- and dual-channel approaches shows that our proposal obtains the best performance in terms of perceptual quality.
Drying Kinetics of Poplar (Populus Deltoides) Wood Particles by a Convective Thin Layer Dryer

Drying of poplar wood (Populus Deltoides) particles was carried out at different drying conditions using a laboratory convective thin layer dryer. Drying curves were plotted and in order to analyze the drying behavior, the curves were fi tted to different semi-theoretical drying kinetics models. The effective moisture diffusivity was also determined from the integrated Fick’s second law equation and correlated with temperature using an Arrheniustype model to calculate activation energy of diffusion. The results showed that Midilli et al. model was found to satisfactorily describe the drying characteristics of poplar wood particles dried at all temperatures and air fl ow velocities. In general, the drying rate increases with increasing air temperature and air fl ow velocity. A short constant drying rate period was observed and drying frequently took place at falling rate period in all cases. The effective moisture diffusivity of poplar wood particles increased from 1.01E-10 to 2.53E-10 m2·s-1 as the drying air temperature increased from 65 to 85 °C. The activation energy of diffusion for 1 m·s-1 and 1.5 m·s-1 air fl ow velocities were calculated as 27.8 kJ·mol-1 and 50.8 kJ·mol-1, respectively.
A SPICE-compatible model of Graphene Nano-Ribbon Field-Effect Transistors enabling circuit-level delay and power analysis under process variation

This paper presents the first parameterized, SPICE-compatible compact model of a Graphene Nano-Ribbon Field-Effect Transistor (GNRFET) with doped reservoirs that also supports process variation. The current and charge models closely match numerical TCAD simulations. In addition, process variation in transistor dimension, edge roughness, and doping level in the reservoir are accurately modeled. Our model provides a means to analyze delay and power of graphene-based circuits under process variation, and offers design and fabrication insights for graphene circuits in the future. We show that edge roughness severely degrades the advantages of GNRFET circuits; however, GNRFET is still a good candidate for low-power applications.
Discriminating children with autism from children with learning difficulties with an adaptation of the Short Sensory Profile

In this article, we examine the extent to which children with autism and children with learning difficulties can be discriminated from their responses to different patterns of sensory stimuli. Using an adapted version of the Short Sensory Profile (SSP), sensory processing was compared in 34 children with autism to 33 children with typical development and 22 children with learning difficulties without autism. Both clinical groups showed high symptoms of sensory impairment compared to controls. However, the autism group displayed higher levels of impairment in auditory hyper‐sensitivity and visual stimulus‐seeking factors compared to controls and the learning‐disabled group. Using a discriminant analysis we found a combination of four factors which correctly classified 80.9% of the children. Implications for the diagnostic value of sensory processing in autism are discussed.
Serving Culturally Diverse Communities in South African Public Libraries

This article presents an overview of the multicultural nature of South Africa including the meaning of multiculturalism and multicultural public libraries in the South African environment. An empirical survey was conducted to determine the status quo of the collections and services being offered by South African public libraries to culturally diverse communities, and to determine if these are representative of South Africa's culturally diverse communities. The findings suggest that public libraries in South Africa often do not recognise the diverse nature of the communities they serve. Causes for the current situation are identified. Finally, suggestions for the development of multicultural library services and collections are also given. The results show the importance of training in cultural diversity issues for libraries.
Self-ligating versus conventional metallic brackets on Streptococcus mutans retention: A systematic review

ABSTRACT Objective: The present study aimed to review the literature systematically and assess comparatively whether self-ligating metallic brackets accumulate less Streptococcus mutans biofilm than conventional metallic brackets. Material and methods: The systematic search was performed following PRISMA guidelines and registration in PROSPERO. Seven electronic databases (Google Scholar, LILACS, Open Grey, PubMed, SciELO, ScienceDirect, and Scopus) were consulted until April 2016, with no restriction of language and time of publication. Only randomized clinical studies verifying S. mutans colonization in metallic brackets (self-ligating and conventional) were included. All steps were performed independently by two operators. Results: The search resulted in 546 records obtained from the electronic databases. Additionally, 216 references obtained from the manual search of eligible articles were assessed. Finally, a total of 5 studies were included in the qualitative synthesis. In 1 study, the total bacterial count was not different among self-ligating and conventional brackets, whereas in 2 studies the amount was lower for self-ligating brackets. Regarding the specific count of S. mutans, 2 studies showed less accumulation in self-ligating than in conventional brackets. Conclusion: Based on the limited evidence, self-ligating metallic brackets accumulate less S. mutans than conventional ones. However, these findings must be interpreted in conjunction with particularities individual for each patient – such as hygiene and dietary habits, which are components of the multifactorial environment that enables S. Mutans to proliferate and keep retained in the oral cavity.
Beyond Black and White: How White, Male, College Students See Their Asian American Peers

This research is a cross-site analysis of how white, male, college students see their Asian American peers. Semi-structured interviews with 43 white males were conducted at two universities that differed substantially in their representation of Asian American students. The interviews were theoretically framed by Critical Whiteness Studies and Bobo and Tuan's conception of prejudice as group positioning. At the institution where Asian American population was higher (almost 1/3 of the undergraduate population), the participants described Asian Americans as not true minorities and blamed them for campus segregation, while also subscribing to many racial stereotypes about Asian Americans (e.g., being bad drivers). At both universities, the participants subscribed to the myth of the model minority. The high concentration of Asian Americans at one of the universities corresponded to an increased prevalence of stereotypical/racist beliefs regarding this population, which was predicted by the theoretical framework. The findings also counter the mistaken notion that Asian Americans are “almost white” because these white males framed Asian Americans as a racialized group.
ANA Calibration Method for Measurements of Dielectric Properties

Routine network analyzer calibration procedures in measurements of the dielectric properties of materials using an open-ended coaxial line probe are frequently inadequate and limit the accuracy of measurements. A calibration method, which makes use of liquids whose properties are well known, is proposed to alleviate this limitation. It is shown that even one liquid used as a standard in place of a matched load greatly improves the accuracy of measurements. Theoretical relationships and experimental results as well as some practical suggestions related to the application of this method are given.