Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Contention Adapting Search Trees

With multicourse being ubiquitous, concurrent data structures are becoming increasingly important. This paper proposes a novel approach to concurrent data structure design where the data structure collects statistics about contention and adapts dynamically according to this statistics. We use this approach to create a contention adapting binary search tree (CA tree) that can be used to implement concurrent ordered sets and maps. Our experimental evaluation shows that CA trees scale similar to recently proposed algorithms on a big multicore machine on various scenarios with a larger set size, and outperform the same data structures in more contended scenarios and in sequential performance. We also show that CA trees are well suited for optimization with hardware lock elision. In short, we propose a practically useful and easy to implement and show correct concurrent search tree that naturally adapts to the level of contention.
Male Bodies, Women's Souls: Personal Narratives of Thailand's Transgendered Youth

* Foreword (Anne Bolin) * Acknowledgments * Note on Thai Transcription * Chapter 1: Introduction * The Project * Positioning the Researchers and Project Goals * Why "Personal Narrative"? * Organization of the Book * Chapter 2: Gender and Sexuality in Thailand * What is "Thai"? * Ideologies of Gender and Sexuality * Alternative Genders and Sexualities * Kathoey: Semantics and Identities * Religious Ritual in Northern Thailand * Kathoey in the Thai Mass Media * Western Academic Research on Kathoey * Voices of Sao Braphet Song * Chapter 3: Narrative Methodologies * Why Use the Narrative Method? * Translation and Representation * Chapter 4: Sao Braphet Song Narratives * The Setting * Personal Narratives * Essays About Rosepaper * Chapter 5: Analyzing Sao Braphet Song Narratives * Our Analytical Approach * Identities * Definitions and Descriptive Labels * Etiologies * Acceptance * Motivations for Participating in the Project * Where to Go From Here * Notes * References
Spiritual awareness pedagogy: the classroom as spiritual reality

Our theoretical orientation as educators is to teach with a spiritual foundation. Central to our perspective is that the classroom as an academic space is poised to facilitate profound spiritual evolution for students. A graduate course in psychotherapy using a Spiritual Awareness Pedagogy (SAP) offers students an opportunity to understand spiritual experience on the road to becoming psychologists, teachers, and healers. At the level of phenomenology, SAP holds that psychological events and mental illness index the extent to which we are living in a way consistent with a fundamental spiritual reality. Students are welcomed into bringing private, raw, neglected, and often discredited stories of lived experience to the foreground. Students and instructors together explore and integrate their impact, receive healing, and in turn envision how to tap this transcendent ground for others. Direct experience and imagination are given primacy along with logical positivist analysis and serve to create dynamic discussions with a life of their own. Classroom examples and reflections by students in their own words, as well as reflections of teachers, will be illustrated.
Sparse Extreme Learning Machine for Classification

Extreme learning machine (ELM) was initially proposed for single-hidden-layer feedforward neural networks (SLFNs). In the hidden layer (feature mapping), nodes are randomly generated independently of training data. Furthermore, a unified ELM was proposed, providing a single framework to simplify and unify different learning methods, such as SLFNs, least square support vector machines, proximal support vector machines, and so on. However, the solution of unified ELM is dense, and thus, usually plenty of storage space and testing time are required for large-scale applications. In this paper, a sparse ELM is proposed as an alternative solution for classification, reducing storage space and testing time. In addition, unified ELM obtains the solution by matrix inversion, whose computational complexity is between quadratic and cubic with respect to the training size. It still requires plenty of training time for large-scale problems, even though it is much faster than many other traditional methods. In this paper, an efficient training algorithm is specifically developed for sparse ELM. The quadratic programming problem involved in sparse ELM is divided into a series of smallest possible sub-problems, each of which are solved analytically. Compared with SVM, sparse ELM obtains better generalization performance with much faster training speed. Compared with unified ELM, sparse ELM achieves similar generalization performance for binary classification applications, and when dealing with large-scale binary classification problems, sparse ELM realizes even faster training speed than unified ELM.
The serotonin transporter plays an important role in male sexual behavior: a study in serotonin transporter knockout rats.

INTRODUCTION Serotonin (5-HT) is an important neurotransmitter for sexual behaviors. Heterozygous (+/-) serotonin transporter (SERT) rats and SERT knockout rats (-/-) have serotonergic disturbances with significant elevations of basal extracellular 5-HT levels. AIM To investigate the putative role of the SERT in male sexual behavior. METHODS After extensive sexual training, the effects of the 5-HT(1A/7) receptor agonist ± 8-OH-DPAT, the 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist WAY100 635 and a combination of both on sexual behaviors of SERT(-/-) and SERT(+/-) knockout and wildtype (SERT(+/+) ) male Wistar rats were examined. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Male rat sexual behaviors of mounts, intromissions, and ejaculations. RESULTS SERT(-/-) had lower basal ejaculation frequencies than SERT(+/-) and SERT(+/+) animals. ± 8-OH-DPAT enhanced sexual performance in all three genotypes to the same extent. WAY100635 dose-dependently inhibited sexual behavior in all three genotypes with significant dose to genotype interactions. WAY100635 exerted the strongest effects in SERT(-/-) animals. The combination of a dose range of ± 8-OH-DPAT and a selected dose of WAY100635 revealed only partial antagonism by ± 8-OH-DPAT of the sexual inhibitory effects of WAY100635. CONCLUSIONS Absence of the serotonin transporter reduces basal ejaculatory performance in male rats. Pharmacological experiments suggest that separate pools of 5-HT(1A) receptors regulate different aspects of sexual performance in male rats. 5-HT(7) receptors may play a minor role in the partial recovery of sexual behavior after combination of ± 8-OH-DPAT and WAY100635. The SERT(-/-) rat may be a model for chronic SSRI treatment, delayed ejaculation, anorgasmia, and/or low libido.
Mobile Advertising or Mobile Marketing. A Need for a New Concept

This paper is about clarifying the meaning of two concepts: mobile advertising and mobile marketing. The aim is to find a term that covers the essential elements of mobile commercial communication, which is sometimes referred to as mobile advertising and at other times as mobile marketing. To clarify the situation, the elements of traditional advertising and marketing are analysed, and compared to the current use of the focal terms. Since neither of the terms seems to cover the phenomenon adequately, two alternative conceptualisations are suggested and discussed. The paper concludes with an evaluation of the study, its limitations and future research paths.
Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease According to Self-Rated Health, Pregnancy Course, and Pregnancy Complications: A Study within the Danish National Birth Cohort

Background Poor self-rated health (SRH) has been connected to immunological changes, and pregnancy complications have been suggested in the etiology of autoimmune diseases including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We evaluated the impact of self-rated pre-pregnancy health and pregnancy course, hyperemesis, gestational hypertension, and preeclampsia on risk of IBD. Methods Information was collected by questionnaires from The Danish National Birth Cohort (enrolment 1996–2002) at 16th and 30th week of pregnancy and 6 months postpartum. A total of 55,699 women were followed from childbirth until development of IBD (using validated National Hospital Discharge Register diagnoses), emigration, death, or end of follow-up, 31st of October, 2011. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards models adjusting for age and evaluating pre-pregnancy BMI, parity, alcohol and tobacco consumption, and socio-occupational status as potential confounders. Results Risk of IBD increased with decreasing level of self-rated pre-pregnancy health (p = 0.002) and was elevated in women with poor self-rated pregnancy course (HR, 1.61, 95% CI 1.22–2.12). Associations persisted for more than 5 years postpartum. Hyperemesis and preeclampsia were not significantly associated with risk of IBD. Conclusions This is the first prospective observational study to suggest that poor self-rated health – in general and in relation to pregnancy – is associated with increased risk of IBD even in the long term though results needs further confirmation. Symptoms of specific pregnancy complications were, on the other hand, not significantly associated with risk of IBD.
Nonvertex‐Balanced Factors in Random Graphs

We prove part of a conjecture by Johansson, Kahn, and Vu (Factors in random graphs, Random Struct. Algorithms 33 (2008), 1, 1–28. ) regarding threshold functions for the existence of an H‐factor in a random graph G(n,p) . We prove that the conjectured threshold function is correct for any graph H which is not covered by its densest subgraphs. We also demonstrate that the main result of Johansson, Kahn, and Vu (Factors in random graphs, Random Struct. Algorithms 33 (2008), 1, 1–28) generalizes to multigraphs, digraphs, and a multipartite model.
Effect Of Human Natural Killer and γδ T Cells on the Growth of Human Autologous Melanoma Xenografts in SCID Mice

Natural killer (NK) cells were first identified for their ability to kill tumor cells of different origin in vitro. Similarly, γδ T lymphocytes display strong cytotoxic activity against various tumor cell lines. However, the ability of both the NK and γδ cells to mediate natural immune response against human malignant tumors in vivo is still poorly defined. Severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice have been successfully engrafted with human tumors. In this study, the antitumor effect of local as well as of systemic treatments based on NK cells or Vδ1 or Vδ2 γ/δ T lymphocytes against autologous melanoma cells was investigated in vivo. The results show that all three of the populations were effective in preventing growth of autologous human melanomas when both tumor and lymphoid cells were s.c. inoculated at the same site. However, when lymphoid cells were infused i.v. , only NK cells and Vδ1 γ/δ T lymphocytes could either prevent or inhibit the s.c. growth of autologous melanoma. Accordingly, both NK cells and Vδ1 γδ T lymphocytes could be detected at the s.c. tumor site. In contrast, Vδ2 γδ T lymphocytes were only detectable in the spleen of the SCID mice. Moreover, NK cells maintained their inhibitory effect on tumor growth even after discontinuation of the treatment. Indeed they were present at the tumor site for a longer period. These data support the possibility to exploit NK cells and Vδ1 γδ T lymphocytes in tumor immunotherapy. Moreover, our study emphasizes the usefulness of human tumor/SCID mouse models for preclinical evaluation of immunotherapy protocols against human tumors.
Differential regional hemodynamic effects of corticotropin in conscious sheep.

The regional hemodynamic effects of 5 days of intravenous infusion of corticotropin (ACTH) (5 micrograms/kg per day) were examined in conscious sheep (n = 8). Mean arterial pressure increased from 81 +/- 2 to 93 +/- 3 mm Hg (P < .001) on day 2 of ACTH and remained at this level during the infusion. Cardiac output increased from 5.13 +/- 0.19 to 6.06 +/- 0.33 L/min (P < .01) because of an increase in stroke volume from 65 +/- 4 to 79 +/- 8 mL per beat (P < .01); heart rate remained unchanged. ACTH did not alter total peripheral conductance but had differential effects on regional conductances. Mesenteric conductance fell from 5.8 +/- 0.2 to a minimum of 4.9 +/- 0.3 (mL/min)/mm Hg (P < .05), and renal conductance increased from 3.5 +/- 0.3 to 4.6 +/- 0.3 (mL/min)/mm Hg (P < .001). There was a small increase in iliac conductance (P < .05) and no change in coronary conductance. Mesenteric and iliac conductances fell progressively over 24 to 48 hours, whereas renal conductance increased rapidly after 3 hours of ACTH, reaching a maximum after 6 hours. Renal blood flow was increased during ACTH infusion from 278 +/- 18 to 403 +/- 23 mL/min (P < .001); mesenteric blood flow was unchanged; there was a small increase in iliac blood flow (P < .01); and coronary blood flow increased (P < .05), paralleling the change in cardiac output. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Hypnosis as Adjunct Therapy in Conscious Sedation for Plastic Surgery

Background and Objectives Sedation is often requested during local and regional anesthesia. However, some surgical procedures, such as plastic surgery, require conscious sedation, which may be difficult to achieve. Hypnosis, used routinely to provide conscious sedation in the authors’ Department of Plastic Surgery, results in high patient and surgeon satisfaction. The authors conducted a retrospective study to investigate the benefits of hypnosis in supplementing local anesthesia. Methods The study included 337 patients undergoing minor and major plastic surgical procedures under local anesthesia and conscious intravenous sedation. Patients were divided into three groups depending on the sedation technique: intravenous sedation (n = 137) using only midazolam and alfentanil; hypnosis (n = 172), during which patients achieved a hypnotic trance level with age regression; and relaxation (n = 28), comprising patients in whom hypnosis was induced without attaining a trance level. In all three groups, midazolam and alfentanil were titrated to achieve patient immobility, in response to patient complaints, and to maintain hemodynamic stability. Midazolam and alfentanil requirements; intra- and postoperative pain scores; as well as pre-, intra-, and postoperative anxiety scores, reported on a 10-cm visual analog scale, were recorded and compared in the three groups. Results Intraoperative anxiety reported by patients in the hypnosis group (0.7 ± 0.11) and in the relaxation group (2.08 ± 0.4) was significantly (P < .001) less than in the intravenous sedation group (5.6 ± 1.6). Pain scores during surgery were significantly greater in the intravenous sedation group (4.9 ± 0.6) than in the hypnosis group (1.36 ± 0.12; P < .001) and the relaxation group (1.82 ± 0.6; P < .01). Furthermore, midazolam requirements were significantly lower in the hypnosis group (P < .001) and in the relaxation group (P < .01) as compared with the intravenous sedation group: respectively, 0.04 ± 0.002, 0.07 ± 0.005, and 0.11 ± 0.01 mg/kg/h. Alfentanil requirements were significantly decreased in the hypnosis group, as compared with the intravenous sedation group: 10.2 ± 0.6 μg/kg/h versus 15.5 ± 2.07 μg/kg/h; P < . 002. In the relaxation group, alfentanil requirements were 14.3 ± 1.5 μg/kg/h (ns). Postoperative nausea and vomiting were reported by 1.2% of patients in the hypnosis group, 12.8% in the relaxation group and 26.7% in the intravenous sedation group. Greater patient satisfaction with the anesthetic procedure and greater surgical comfort were also reported in the hypnosis group. Conclusions Successful hypnosis as an adjunct sedation procedure to conscious intravenous sedation provided better pain and anxiety relief than conventional intravenous sedation and allowed for a significant reduction in midazolam and alfentanil requirements. Patient satisfaction was significantly improved.
Fast Sparse Least-Squares Regression with Non-Asymptotic Guarantees

In this paper, we study a fast approximation method for {\it large-scale high-dimensional} sparse least-squares regression problem by exploiting the Johnson-Lindenstrauss (JL) transforms, which embed a set of high-dimensional vectors into a low-dimensional space. In particular, we propose to apply the JL transforms to the data matrix and the target vector and then to solve a sparse least-squares problem on the compressed data with a {\it slightly larger regularization parameter}. Theoretically, we establish the optimization error bound of the learned model for two different sparsity-inducing regularizers, i.e., the elastic net and the $\ell_1$ norm. Compared with previous relevant work, our analysis is {\it non-asymptotic and exhibits more insights} on the bound, the sample complexity and the regularization. As an illustration, we also provide an error bound of the {\it Dantzig selector} under JL transforms.
Security analysis for temporal role based access control

Providing restrictive and secure access to resources is a challenging and socially important problem. Among the many formal security models, Role Based Access Control (RBAC) has become the norm in many of today's organizations for enforcing security. For every model, it is necessary to analyze and prove that the corresponding system is secure. Such analysis helps understand the implications of security policies and helps organizations gain confidence on the control they have on resources while providing access, and devise and maintain policies.In this paper, we consider security analysis for the Temporal RBAC (TRBAC), one of the extensions of RBAC. The TRBAC considered in this paper allows temporal restrictions on roles themselves, user-permission assignments (UA), permission-role assignments (PA), as well as role hierarchies (RH). Towards this end, we first propose a suitable administrative model that governs changes to temporal policies. Then we propose our security analysis strategy, that essentially decomposes the temporal security analysis problem into smaller and more manageable RBAC security analysis sub-problems for which the existing RBAC security analysis tools can be employed. We then evaluate them from a practical perspective by evaluating their performance using simulated data sets.
Why men don't listen & women can't read maps : how we're different and what to do about it

The classic international bestselling book. Allan and Barbara Pease spotlight the differences in the way men and women think. Barbara and Allan Pease travelled the world collating the dramatic findings of new research on the brain, investigating evolutionary biology, analysing psychologists research, studying social change and annoying the locals. The result is WHY MEN DON'T LISTEN AND WOMEN CAN'T READ MAPS, the sometimes shocking, always illuminating, frequently hilarious look at where the battle line is drawn between the sexes, why it was drawn and how to cross it. Revealed: Why men really can't do more than one thing at a time Why women make such a mess of parallel parking Why men should never lie to women Why women talk so much and men so little WHAT MEN AND WOMEN REALLY WANT A must-read for everyone - you will learn as much about yourself and how to improve your relationships, as you will about the opposite sex.
A comparison of Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) fingerprinting techniques

Among several techniques proposed for indoor positioning using IEEE 802.11 Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) based networks, those that rely on fingerprinting have been demonstrated to outperform those based on lateration, angulation, and cell of origin in terms of accuracy. We compare and evaluate three Wi-Fi fingerprinting techniques that use the K-Nearest Neighbor (k-NN), Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC) and Support Vector Machine (SVM) algorithms. Our experiments show that SVM-based fingerprinting outperformed both k-NN and NBC-based fingerprinting, achieving accuracies of 2 meters or better within our testbed.
Aspirin Versus Low-Molecular-Weight Heparin After Total Hip Arthroplasty

TO THE EDITOR: In a multicenter randomized trial involving 786 patients having elective total hip replacement in Canada during a 3-year period, Anderson and colleagues (1) observed how, after 10 days of dalteparin therapy, 28 days of oral aspirin prophylaxis was noninferior to 28 days of dalteparin therapy for preventing venous thromboembolism (VTE). These results are very interesting to clinicians involved in elective hip surgery, particularly because some guidelines consider aspirin to be effective despite the single large randomized trial (2) quoted in the guidelines from the American College of Chest Physicians (3) that showed no effect of aspirin in this setting. We believe that the data from Anderson and colleagues’ trial cannot be considered as definitive as the conclusions indicated. The randomization in this relatively small trial did not result in a satisfactory distribution of important risk factors. Despite the authors’ assurance of the similarity of baseline characteristics of the 2 groups, we can see several important differences. The 3 strongest risk factors for VTE—history of deep venous thrombosis or pulmonary embolism (8 vs. 5 cases; 2.0% vs. 1.3%), active cancer in the past 5 years (13 vs. 8 cases; 3.3% vs. 2.1%), and surgery in the past 6 months (16 vs. 10 cases; 4.0% vs. 2.6%)— occurred more frequently in the dalteparin group. Furthermore, the most important risk factor for bleeding (previous major bleeding) also occurred more frequently in the dalteparin group (6 vs. 2 cases; 1.5% vs. 0.5%). With these being the principal risk factors for deep venous thrombosis and bleeding, we believe that the results should be interpreted with caution. It is also important to emphasize that the sample size is significantly smaller than those of trials in a similar setting (4, 5). As a result, the number of thromboembolic events in the 2 groups is small and chance-related findings cannot be excluded. We agree with Anderson and colleagues that the generalizability of the findings is probably questionable given the recent availability of novel oral anticoagulants for VTE prophylaxis after hip replacement (5). It would now be of major interest to outline a welldesigned randomized, controlled trial comparing aspirin with a novel oral anticoagulant. In conclusion, we believe that this article adds useful information on the role of aspirin in the orthopedic setting; however, the results need to be considered in the context of the unbalanced baseline risks and confirmed by new larger trials. Until this happens, the weak guidelines from the American College of Chest Physicians (3), based on evidence that shows little or no effect of aspirin in total hip replacement recipients, should not be given more attention or credibility.
The Cooperative Voltage Sensor Motion that Gates a Potassium Channel

The four arginine-rich S4 helices of a voltage-gated channel move outward through the membrane in response to depolarization, opening and closing gates to generate a transient ionic current. Coupling of voltage sensing to gating was originally thought to operate with the S4s moving independently from an inward/resting to an outward/activated conformation, so that when all four S4s are activated, the gates are driven to open or closed. However, S4 has also been found to influence the cooperative opening step (Smith-Maxwell et al., 1998a), suggesting a more complex mechanism of coupling. Using fluorescence to monitor structural rearrangements in a Shaker channel mutant, the ILT channel (Ledwell and Aldrich, 1999), that energetically isolates the steps of activation from the cooperative opening step, we find that opening is accompanied by a previously unknown and cooperative movement of S4. This gating motion of S4 appears to be coupled to the internal S6 gate and to two forms of slow inactivation. Our results suggest that S4 plays a direct role in gating. While large transmembrane rearrangements of S4 may be required to unlock the gating machinery, as proposed before, it appears to be the gating motion of S4 that drives the gates to open and close.