Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Alternate Model for Uplink Interference in CDMA Systems with Power Control

Accurately modeling the statistics of the uplink interference power is an important problem in the design and analysis of second and third generation code division multiple access cellular systems. In the uplink, the total interference varies not only because of wireless channel effects such as shadowing and path loss, but also because of the randomness in the number of interfering mobiles and their locations. Conventionally, it has been argued this can be well modeled as a Gaussian distribution, especially in the presence of power control. In this paper, we show that when all the sources of randomness are considered together, the uplink inter-cell interference power is better modeled by a lognormal distribution. Using the well established theory of Poisson point processes to model spatial mobile distributions, we extend the moment matching or Fenton-Wilkinson method to determine the parameters of the approximating lognormal. Our results show that our lognormal approximation is several orders of magnitude more accurate than the conventional Gaussian approximation. These results have applications in cell planning and layout and, in general, in cellular system design and analysis. I. INTRODUCTION Interference plays a crucial role in code division multiple access (CDMA) based cellular communication systems. This is because of the use of pseudo-random spreading codes for transmitting data. While the spreading codes diminish the interference received from other transmissions, they do not completely annul it. The uplink interference consists from intra-cell interference and inter-cell interference. The uplink inter-cell interference signal received by a base station is the sum of interference signals from the many interfering users served by other base stations. The net power is a random variable (RV) because the interfering signals undergo shadowing and fading in their respective wireless channels. Therefore, cellular system design and analysis requires an accurate statistical characterization of the interference power. In the literature, the uplink inter-cell interference power has been often modeled by a Gaussian RV, with the central limit theorem being cited as a justification for this (1). Fur- thermore, it has been argued that the Gaussian approximation becomes more accurate in the presence of power control and cell selection (2). In this paper, we show that the Gaussian approximation does not accurately model the uplink inter-cell interference even in the presence of power control. Instead, we show that the lognormal distribution is significantly more accurate.
Vasorelaxing effects of atrial and brain natriuretic peptides on coronary circulation in heart failure.

Natriuretic peptide (NP) receptor has been postulated to be downregulated under a high concentration of atrial NP (ANP) in congestive heart failure (CHF), but limited information is available on how the vascular functional responsiveness to NPs is altered in coronary circulation during CHF. We assessed the relaxant effects of ANP, brain NP (BNP), and other vasodilators in isolated coronary arteries obtained from dogs with and without severe CHF induced by rapid right ventricular pacing. In CHF dogs, plasma ANP and cGMP concentrations were elevated compared with control dogs. In CHF arteries the relaxant effects of ANP and BNP (10-8 and 10-7 mol/l) were suppressed compared with control arteries. Nitroglycerin, nitric oxide, 8-bromo-cGMP, and beraprost sodium produced similar concentration-response curves in both arteries. The addition of 10-7 mol/l ANP increased the level of tissue cGMP in control arteries, but not in CHF arteries. We conclude that there was a specific reduction in the relaxant effects of ANP and BNP in isolated coronary arteries in severe CHF dogs, which suggests the possibility of the downregulation of NP receptors coupled to guanylate cyclase.
The Impact on Consumer Buying Behaviour: Cognitive Dissonance

The theory of “cognitive dissonance” is of great importance in consumer behavior and marketers have lots of interest in analyzing the post purchase behavior of consumers experienced by them. This paper has explored the factors that create cognitive dissonance in consumer buying decision making particularly among the consumer goods purchaser in the city area. Some of these are family status, religious value, customs, belief etc. the study also reveals the problems and identified probable solutions to overcome these problems.This article explores the implications of cognitive dissonance on varied aspects of consumer buying behaviour.Some of the factors leading to dissonance post purchase.
Neural predictors of auditory word learning

The present fMRI study aimed to identify neurofunctional predictors of auditory word learning. Twenty-four native Chinese speakers were trained to learn a logographic artificial language (LAL) for 2 weeks and their behavioral performance was recorded. Participants were also scanned before and after the training while performing a passive listening task. Results showed that, compared to ‘poor’ learners (those whose performance was below average during the training), ‘good’ (i.e. above-average) learners showed more activation in the left MTG/STS and less activation in the right IFG during the pretraining scan. These results confirmed the hypothesis that preexisting individual differences in neural activities can predict the efficiency in learning words in a new language.
Texture shaders

Extensions to the texture-mapping support of the abstract graphics hardware pipeline and the OpenGL API are proposed to better support programmable shading, with a unified interface, on a variety of future graphics accelerator architectures. Our main proposals include better support for texture map coordinate generation and an abstract, programmable model for multitexturing. As motivation, we survey several interactive rendering algorithms that target important visual phenomena. With hardware implementation of programmable multitexturing support, implementations of these effects that currently take multiple passes can be rendered in one pass. The generality of our proposed extensions enable efficient implementation of a wide range of other interactive rendering algorithms. The intermediate level of abstraction of our API proposal enables high-level shader metaprogramming toolkits and relatively straightforward implementations, while hiding the details of multitexturing support that are currently fragmenting OpenGL into incompatible dialects. CR Categories: 1.3. 1 [Computer Graphics]: Hardware Architecture-Graphics Processors; 1.3. 7 [Computer Graphics]: Three-Dimensional Graphics and Realism-Color, shading, shadowing, and texture.
PENGARUH BELANJA MODAL, UKURAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH, INTERGOVERNMENTALREVENUE DAN PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH TERHADAP KINERJA KEUANGAN (Kabupaten/ Kota Di Provinsi Jawa Tengah,Tahun 2012-2015)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh belanja modal, intergovernmental revenue, ukuran pemerintah daerah dan pendapatan asli daerah terhadap kinerja keuangan. Variabel dependenyang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kinerja keuangan yang diukur dengan rasio efisiensi, sedangkan variabel independennya adalah belanja modal, intergovernmental revenue, ukuran pemerintah daerah dan pendapatan asli daerah. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah pemerintah daerah kabupaten/kota di Provinsi Jawa Tengah tahun 2012-2015. Sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode sensus, dan diperoleh data sebanyak 105 sampel amatan. Teknik analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil analisis menunjukan bahwa variabel belanja modal berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan pemerintah daerah kabupaten/kota Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Sedangkan Variabel intergovernmental revenue, ukuran pemerintah daerah dan pendapatan asli daerah berpengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap kinerja keuangan pemerintah daerah kabupaten/kota Provinsi Jawa Tengah. Kata Kunci : Kinerja keuangan, belanja modal, intergovernmental revenue, ukuran pemerintah daerah dan pendapatan asli daerah
R gene-controlled host specificity in the legume–rhizobia symbiosis

Leguminous plants can enter into root nodule symbioses with nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria known as rhizobia. An intriguing but still poorly understood property of the symbiosis is its host specificity, which is controlled at multiple levels involving both rhizobial and host genes. It is widely believed that the host specificity is determined by specific recognition of bacterially derived Nod factors by the cognate host receptor(s). Here we describe the positional cloning of two soybean genes Rj2 and Rfg1 that restrict nodulation with specific strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Sinorhizobium fredii, respectively. We show that Rj2 and Rfg1 are allelic genes encoding a member of the Toll-interleukin receptor/nucleotide-binding site/leucine-rich repeat (TIR-NBS-LRR) class of plant resistance (R) proteins. The involvement of host R genes in the control of genotype-specific infection and nodulation reveals a common recognition mechanism underlying symbiotic and pathogenic host–bacteria interactions and suggests the existence of their cognate avirulence genes derived from rhizobia. This study suggests that establishment of a root nodule symbiosis requires the evasion of plant immune responses triggered by rhizobial effectors.
Fatigue in young survivors of extracranial childhood cancer: a Finnish nationwide survey.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To evaluate self-reports of fatigue by young cancer survivors (aged 11-18 years), to compare young survivors' fatigue scores with the scores of a healthy control group and of the parent proxy evaluation, and to analyze whether demographic or disease-related factors are associated with young survivors' fatigue. DESIGN Cross-sectional quantitative study. SETTING An urban hospital in southwestern Finland. SAMPLE 384 survivors diagnosed with an extracranial malignancy at age 16 or younger, who have survived four or more years postdiagnosis, and who are free of cancer. General matched population controls were randomly selected from the Finnish Population Registry. METHODS Demographic data and a self-report written fatigue questionnaire. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES Total fatigue (TF), general fatigue (GF), sleep or rest fatigue (SF), and cognitive fatigue. FINDINGS The control populations reported significantly more issues with TF, GF, and SF than did the survivor population. In survivors, older age, the need for remedial education at school, and a sarcoma diagnosis were associated with increasing fatigue, whereas female gender, better school grades, and greater health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) scores were associated with lower fatigue. The study variables explained 49%-65% of the variation in fatigue scores. CONCLUSIONS Although survivors and their matched controls seem to have similar fatigue, subgroups of survivors do experience excessive fatigue, which may have an impact on their HRQOL. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING This study increases the knowledge about fatigue levels of young survivors of extracranial malignancies and identifies the need for instruments specifically designed to assess fatigue in this population. The healthcare team should pay attention to the fatigue level of young survivors, particularly SF.
Identification of an antifungal metabolite produced by a potential biocontrol Actinomyces strain A01

Actinomyces strain A01 was isolated from soil of a vegetable field in the suburb of Beijing, China. According to the morphological, cultural, physiological and biochemical characteristics, and 16S rDNA sequence analysis, strain A01 was identified as Streptomyces lydicus. In the antimicrobial spectrum test strain A01 presented a stable and strong inhibitory activity against several plant pathogenic fungi such as Fusarium oxysporum, Botrytis cinerea, Monilinia laxa, etc. However, no antibacterial activity was found. In pot experiments in greenhouse, the development of tomato gray mold was markedly suppressed by treatment with the fermentation broth of the strain A01, and the control efficacy was higher than those of Pyrimethanil and Polyoxin. A main antifungal compound (purity 99.503%) was obtained from the fermentation broth of strain A01 using column chromatography and HPLC. The chemical structural analysis with U V, IR, MS, and NMR confirmed that the compound produced by the strain A01 is natamycin, a polyene antibiotic produced by S. chattanovgensis, S. natalensis, and S. gilvosporeus, widely used as a natural biological preservative for food according to previous reports. The present study revealed a new producing strain of natamycin and its potential application as a biological control agent for fungal plant diseases.
Weekly Gemcitabine and Docetaxel in Refractory Soft Tissue Sarcoma: A Retrospective Analysis

Purpose The combination of gemcitabine and docetaxel (GD) is used to effectively treat patients with soft tissue sarcoma (STS). It is widely considered that the conventional doses used are too high for long term use and many patients must discontinue GD treatment due to its toxicity. Therefore, to determine the appropriate dose meeting acceptable efficacy results, while minimizing toxic side effects, we treated patients with a weekly infusion of GD (weekly GD). Materials and Methods A total of 22 patients presenting a variety of STSs were treated at Yonsei Cancer Center. All patients had metastatic or recurrent cancer and had previously received doxorubicin and ifosfamide combination chemotherapy. In all cases, gemcitabine (1,000 mg/m2) and docetaxel (35 mg/m2) were administered intravenously on days 1 and 8 of a 21-day cycle. We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of these patients. Results The response rate was 4.5%, with one patient diagnosed with leiomyosarcoma having a partial response, and the disease control rate was 40.9%. The median progression-free survival (PFS) duration was 2.7 months and the PFS was correlated with the treatment response to a weekly GD. The median overall survival (OS) duration was 7.8 months and the OS was correlated with histology. There was no significant difference in OS between patients who received weekly GD as a 2nd line chemotherapy and those who received 3rd line or more. Treatment was generally well tolerated. Conclusion Weekly GD was well tolerated and showed moderate efficacy, indicating that this could be a reasonable option as a salvage treatment for metastatic STS.
Serum Potassium, End-Stage Renal Disease and Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease

Background/Aims: Hypokalemia and hyperkalemia are often noted in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, but their impact on mortality and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is less well understood. We aimed at studying the associations between potassium disorders, and mortality and progression to ESRD in a CKD population. Methods: Using our electronic health record-based CKD registry, 36,359 patients with eGFR <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 and potassium levels measured from January 1, 2005 to September 15, 2009 were identified. We examined factors associated with hypokalemia (<3.5 mmol/l) and hyperkalemia (>5.0 mmol/l) using logistic regression models and associations between serum potassium levels (both as continuous and categorical variables) and all-cause mortality or ESRD using Cox-proportional hazards models. Results: Serum potassium <3.5 mmol/l was noted among 3% and >5.0 mmol/l among 11% of the study population. In the multivariable logistic regression analysis, lower eGFR, diabetes and use of ACE inhibitors or Angiotensin-Receptor Blockers were associated with higher odds of having hyperkalemia. Heart failure and African American race were factors associated with higher odds of hypokalemia. After adjustment for covariates including kidney function, serum potassium <4.0 and >5.0 mmol/l were significantly associated with increased mortality risk, but there was no increased risk for progression to ESRD. Time-dependent repeated measures analysis confirmed these findings. When potassium was examined as a continuous variable, there was a U-shaped association between serum potassium levels and mortality. Conclusion: In patients with stage 3-4 CKD, serum potassium levels <4.0 and >5.0 mmol/l are associated with higher mortality but not with ESRD.
Managing talent in knowledge-intensive settings

Purpose – This paper seeks to explore the processes and channels through which valuable knowledge from outside the firm reaches those employees who can exploit that knowledge for innovative purposes. It seeks to identify the specific talents exhibited by the key individuals involved in facilitating these important knowledge flows. It also aims to detail the interventions which management can adopt to harness knowledge flow talents. Design/methodology/approach – The methodology used was a single case study of a medical devices R&D group, incorporating social network analysis and semi-structured interviews. Findings – It was found that it is now rare for a single individual to possess all the talents necessary to effectively acquire and disseminate external knowledge. Owing to the prevalence of information and communication technologies, a small number of uniquely skilled individuals specialize in acquiring valuable external knowledge, while an altogether different set of individuals specialize in disseminating that knowledge internally. Originality/value – There is a dearth of literature in the knowledge management field directed towards understanding how the unique talents of those employees who are integral components of knowledge networks can be harnessed. Building on concepts of talent management and the technological gatekeeper, the specific talents exhibited by these individuals are explored. Then some organizational level interventions are pointed up, which can facilitate knowledge-intensive organizations in fully exploiting their resources to maximize innovative capabilities.
Building occupant sensing : occupancy prediction and behavior recognition

Minimizing energy consumption and maintaining occupants’ comfort levels are of topical and growing interest as people spend much time inside buildings. To achieve these goals in smart buildings, it is necessary to study the problem of occupant sensing by leveraging machine learning methods to understand occupants based on sensor signals. In this dissertation, we study occupant sensing by answering this question in two aspects: what are the occupants’ levels and behaviors? Existing methods based on feature engineering for occupant sensing are still unsatisfactory. In this thesis, we propose four frameworks based on feature learning to perform occupancy level prediction and occupant behavior recognition. For occupancy level prediction, we propose a framework of neural networks with local receptive fields to process the environmental data, especially those of CO2. Real experiments are conducted in a laboratory to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed framework. Besides, we demonstrate that when the time-domain data is combined with frequency-domain ones, it could provide much valuable information during the feature extraction process to improve the performance of the classification of occupancy levels. Occupancy levels are the coarse information, but occupants’ behaviors are the finegrained ones. The occupant behavior recognition problem is further divided into simple motion-related activity recognition with inertial measurements and energyrelated sound event recognition. For simple motion-related activity recognition based on Inertial Measurement Unit, i.e. accelerometer, gyroscope and magnetometer, we propose a semi-supervised learning framework using Deep Long ShortTerm Memory method. As the unlabeled data is pervasively available, the proposed method could enhance performance of the classification of simple motions. Moreover, for lightweight computing purpose, a feature learning framework based on dictionary learning is also proposed to recognize simple motion-related activities based on built-in inertial sensors of smartphones. Real experiments based on our collected inertial sensing data and some public data demonstrate that the iii
Co-utilization of polymerized carbon sources by Bacteroides ovatus grown in a two-stage continuous culture system

Bacteroides ovatus NCTC 11153 was grown in a two-stage continuous culture system at various growth rates (vessel 1, D = 0.06 to 0.19 h-1; vessel 2, D = 0.03 to 0.09 h-1) on media containing mixtures of starch and arabinogalactan as carbon sources. The cell-associated enzyme activities needed to hydrolyze both substrates (amylase, arabinogalactanase, alpha-glucosidase, beta-galactosidase, and alpha-arabinofuranosidase) were variously influenced by growth rate and polysaccharide availability but were detected under all growth conditions tested. Measurements of residual carbohydrate in spent culture media showed that both polysaccharides were co-utilized during growth under putative C-limited conditions. The arabinogalactan was partly depolymerized in N-limited chemostats, and significant amounts of arabinose- and galactose-containing oligosaccharides accumulated in the cultures, indicating that starch was being preferentially utilized. Acetate, propionate, and succinate were the major fermentation products formed by C-limited bacteria, but under N limitation, lactate was also produced. Molar ratios of succinate increased concomitantly with the dilution rate in C-limited chemostats, whereas molar ratios of propionate decreased. During N-limited growth, however, decarboxylation of succinate to propionate was relatively independent of growth rate. Cell viability was higher in C-limited cultures compared with those grown under N limitation and was greatest at high dilution rates, irrespective of nutrient limitation.
Matching the Transconductance Characteristics of CMOS ISFET Arrays by Removing Trapped Charge

This paper presents an approach for matching the transconductance characteristics of CMOS ISFET arrays by removing trapped charge. We describe how to design arrays of floating-gate ISFETs so that ultraviolet (UV) radiation and bulk-substrate biasing can be used to remove the random amount of trapped charge that accumulates on the gates during fabrication. The approach is applied directly to a prototype single-chip 2 2 array of ISFETs, which is designed and fabricated in a standard 0.35- CMOS process. By considering the transconductance characteristics of the 2 2 array before and after UV exposure, it is shown that the response can be matched after 10 h and that the ISFET threshold voltages converge to an equilibrium value of approximately 1 V. After matching, it is found that the ISFET array has a measured sensitivity of 46 mV/pH and can successfully image a change in the pH of a homogeneous electrolyte solution.
Mirror Symmetry Histograms for Capturing Geometric Properties in Images

We propose a data structure that captures global geometric properties in images: Histogram of Mirror Symmetry Coefficients. We compute such a coefficient for every pair of pixels, and group them in a 6-dimensional histogram. By marginalizing the HMSC in various ways, we develop algorithms for a range of applications: detection of nearly-circular cells, location of the main axis of reflection symmetry, detection of cell-division in movies of developing embryos, detection of worm-tips and indirect cell-counting via supervised classification. Our approach generalizes a series of histogram-related methods, and the proposed algorithms perform with state-of-the-art accuracy.