Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Struggles and Strategies in Teaching: Voices of Five Novice Secondary Teachers.

A study examines five pre-service teachers over a period of two years during their teacher education program to understand their difficulties and the strategies they employed to face their struggles. The study collected data from participants through their autobiographies, interviews, and focus group discussions. An analysis of the data collected in two categories, first as student teachers and then as first-year teachers, reveals their concerns in three major areas: classroom management; student motivation; and parent involvement. A discussion of their difficulties in these three areas and the strategies they employed to overcome them, as well as their own perspectives, is provided.
TxCache: Transactional cache using byte-addressable non-volatile memories in SSDs

Transaction is a common technique to ensure system consistency but incurs high overhead. Recent flash memory techniques enable efficient embedded transaction support inside solid state drives (SSDs). In this paper, we propose a new embedded transaction mechanism, TxCache, for SSDs with non-volatile disk cache. TxCache revises cache management of disk cache to support transactions using two techniques. First, it persists new-version data in non-volatile disk cache in a shadow way while protecting old-version data from being overwritten. Second, it uses pointers and flags leveraging the byte-addressability to cluster pages of each transaction and manage transaction status. The non-volatility and byte-addressability properties make TxCache an efficient transaction design. Experiments using file system and database workloads show performance improvement up to 46.0% and lifetime extension up to 33.8% compared to a recent transactional SSD design.
Unconscious intuition or conscious analysis? Critical questions for the Deliberation-Without-Attention paradigm

The Deliberation without Attention (DWA) effect refers to apparent improvements in decision-making following a period of distraction. It has been presented as evidence for beneficial unconscious cognitive processes. We identify two major concerns with this claim: first, as these demonstrations typically involve subjective preferences, the effects of distraction cannot be objectively assessed as beneficial; second, there is no direct evidence that the DWA manipulation promotes unconscious decision processes. We describe two tasks based on the DWA paradigm in which we found no evidence that the distraction manipulation led to decision processes that are subjectively unconscious, nor that it reduced the influence of presentation order upon performance. Crucially, we found that a lack of awareness of decision process was associated with poorer performance, both in terms of subjective preference measures used in traditional DWA paradigm and in an equivalent task where performance can be objectively assessed. Therefore, we argue that reliance on conscious memory itself can explain the data. Thus the DWA paradigm is not an adequate method of assessing beneficial unconscious thought.
Translational Exposure–Efficacy Modeling to Optimize the Dose and Schedule of Taxanes Combined with the Investigational Aurora A Kinase Inhibitor MLN8237 (Alisertib)

Aurora A kinase orchestrates multiple key activities, allowing cells to transit successfully into and through mitosis. MLN8237 (alisertib) is a selective Aurora A inhibitor that is being evaluated as an anticancer agent in multiple solid tumors and heme-lymphatic malignancies. The antitumor activity of MLN8237 when combined with docetaxel or paclitaxel was evaluated in in vivo models of triple-negative breast cancer grown in immunocompromised mice. Additive and synergistic antitumor activity occurred at multiple doses of MLN8237 and taxanes. Moreover, significant tumor growth delay relative to the single agents was achieved after discontinuing treatment; notably, durable complete responses were observed in some mice. The tumor growth inhibition data generated with multiple dose levels of MLN8237 and paclitaxel were used to generate an exposure–efficacy model. Exposures of MLN8237 and paclitaxel achieved in patients were mapped onto the model after correcting for mouse-to-human variation in plasma protein binding and maximum tolerated exposures. This allowed rank ordering of various combination doses of MLN8237 and paclitaxel to predict which pair would lead to the greatest antitumor activity in clinical studies. The model predicted that 60 and 80 mg/m2 of paclitaxel (every week) in patients lead to similar levels of efficacy, consistent with clinical observations in some cancer indications. The model also supported using the highest dose of MLN8237 that can be achieved, regardless of whether it is combined with 60 or 80 mg/m2 of paciltaxel. The modeling approaches applied in these studies can be used to guide dose-schedule optimization for combination therapies using other therapeutic agents. Mol Cancer Ther; 13(9); 2170–83. ©2014 AACR.
Local Thrombolysis: A Newer Approach to Treating Inflammatory Bowel Disease-related Thromboembolism

Goals To review the experience with a relatively novel treatment, local thrombolysis, in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-related thromboembolism (TE). Background TE is an extraintestinal complication of IBD for which there are no clear treatment guidelines. Systemic treatment with anticoagulants or thrombolytics often raises fear of hemorrhagic complications, particularly hematochezia. Study Cases of IBD-related and non-IBD–related TE treated with local thrombolysis were searched for in PubMed, reviewed, and grouped into anatomic areas. Outcomes in each anatomic area were compared between IBD and non-IBD patients. Due to the small number of IBD-related TE cases, a descriptive, not statistical, analysis was performed. Results There were 17 cases of IBD-related TE treated with local thrombolysis grouped as follows: 7 of cerebral venous thrombosis, 3 of lower extremity arterial TE, 1 of deep vein thrombosis, 1 of upper extremity deep vein thrombosis, 3 of abdominal vein thrombosis, and 2 of inferior vena cava TE. Mean age was 32 (range, 14 to 50) years, and 13 of 17 patients were female. Twelve had ulcerative colitis, 3 had Crohn's disease, and 1 was indeterminate. Four of the 7 patients with active IBD had pretreatment hematochezia, 2 of whom had worsening of hematochezia secondary to treatment. The rates of radiologic resolution, clinical resolution, and hemorrhagic complications in the IBD patients were favorable in all the anatomic areas and were very similar to non-IBD patients. Conclusions Local thrombolysis may be considered a viable therapeutic option for IBD-related TE. As more cases of local thrombolysis for IBD-related TE accumulate, further recommendations can be made as to the indications for its use.
Whole-Body CT Trauma Imaging with Adapted and Optimized CT Angiography of the Craniocervical Vessels: Do We Need an Extra Screening Examination?

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Blunt carotid and vertebral artery injury (BCVI) is rare but potentially devastating. The objective of our study was to prospectively evaluate the usefulness of a dedicated and optimized CT angiography (CTA) protocol of the craniocervical vessels as part of a whole-body CT work-up of patients with multiple trauma in a population of patients with blunt trauma. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From February 2006 to July 2007, a total of 368 consecutive patients with trauma were evaluated. All examinations were performed on a 16-row multisection CT (MSCT) scanner. CTA was performed from the level of the T2 vertebra to the roof of the lateral ventricles with 40 mL of iodinated contrast agent. Images were reconstructed with use of the angiography and bone window settings to evaluate vessels and bones. RESULTS: Of all eligible patients imaged, 100 had injuries to the head and neck including 35 skull base fractures (9.5%), 24 maxillofacial (6.5%), and 11 cervical spine fractures (3%). CTA was diagnostic in all patients. BCVI was diagnosed in 6 cases (6 lesions of the internal carotid artery, 3 lesions of the vertebral artery); among them were 2 who did not meet the screening criteria. No patient with negative results on CTA subsequently had development of neurologic deficits suspicious for BCVI. CONCLUSION: This study confirms that optimized craniocervical CTA can be easily integrated into a whole-body CT protocol for patients with multiple trauma. No additional screening technique is necessary to identify clinically relevant vascular injuries. Earlier recognition enables earlier treatment and may decrease mortality and morbidity rates of these rare but potentially devastating injuries.
Downregulation of PGC-1α Prevents the Beneficial Effect of EET-Heme Oxygenase-1 on Mitochondrial Integrity and Associated Metabolic Function in Obese Mice

Background/Objectives. Obesity and metabolic syndrome and associated adiposity are a systemic condition characterized by increased mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation, and inhibition of antioxidant genes, HO-1, and EETs levels. We postulate that EETs attenuate adiposity by stimulating mitochondrial function and induction of HO-1 via activation of PGC-1α in adipose and hepatic tissue. Methods. Cultured murine adipocytes and mice fed a high fat (HF) diet were used to assess the functional relationship among EETs, PGC-1α, HO-1, and mitochondrial signaling using an EET-agonist (EET-A) and PGC-1α-deficient cells and mice using lentiviral PGC-1α(sh). Results. EET-A is a potent inducer of PGC-1α, HO-1, mitochondrial biogenesis (cytochrome oxidase subunits 1 and 4 and SIRT3), fusion proteins (Mfn 1/2 and OPA1) and fission proteins (DRP1 and FIS1) (p < 0.05), fasting glucose, BW, and blood pressure. These beneficial effects were prevented by administration of lenti-PGC-1α(sh). EET-A administration prevented HF diet induced mitochondrial and dysfunction in adipose tissue and restored VO2 effects that were abrogated in PGC-1α-deficient mice. Conclusion. EET is identified as an upstream positive regulator of PGC-1α that leads to increased HO-1, decreased BW and fasting blood glucose and increased insulin receptor phosphorylation, that is, increased insulin sensitivity and mitochondrial integrity, and possible use of EET-agonist for treatment of obesity and metabolic syndrome.
Molecular Interactions Between Two Long-QT Syndrome Gene Products, HERG and KCNE2, Rationalized by In Vitro and In Silico Analysis

Abstract— The cardiac delayed rectifier potassium current mediates repolarization of the action potential and underlies the QT interval of the ECG. Mutations in either of the two molecular components of the rapid delayed rectifier (IK,r), HERG and KCNE2, have been linked to heritable or acquired long-QT syndrome. Mechanisms whereby mutations of KCNE2 produce fatal cardiac arrhythmias characteristic of long-QT syndrome remain unclear. In this study, we characterize functional interactions between HERG and KCNE2 with a view to defining underlying mechanisms for action potential prolongation and long-QT syndrome. Whereas coexpression of hKCNE2 with HERG alters both kinetics and density of ionic current, incorporation of these effects into a quantitative model of the action potential predicts that only changes in current density significantly affect repolarization. Thus, the primary functional consequence of hKCNE2 on action potential morphology is through modulation of IK,r density, as predicted by the model. Mutations associated with long-QT syndrome that result only in modest changes of gating kinetics may be epiphenomena or may modulate action potential repolarization via interaction with alternative pore-forming potassium channel &agr; subunits.
Ethnography: A Way of Seeing

Harry Wolcott, one of anthropology's leading writers on ethnographic methods, here addresses the nature of the ethnographic enterprise itself. Tracing its development from its disciplinary origins in sociology and anthropology, he helps the reader understand what is distinctive about ethnography and what it means to conduct research in the ethnographic tradition. In this engaging, thought-provoking book, he distinguishes ethnography as more than just a set of field methods and practices, separating it from many related qualitative research traditions as a way of seeing through the lens of culture. For both beginning and experienced ethnographers in a wide range of disciplines, Wolcott's book will provide important ideas for improving research practice.
Effect of caffeine on the intraocular pressure in patients with primary open angle glaucoma

Purpose Coffee and tea are very common nonalcoholic beverages. However, their intake, particularly that of coffee, has been suggested to increase intraocular pressure (IOP) in patients with open angle glaucoma/ocular hypertension. The causative agent has been suggested to be their caffeine content. The objective of this study was to determine if this represents a direct caffeine effect. This study was therefore done using pure caffeine applied directly to the eyes. Methods The study was conducted with five human volunteers with open angle glaucoma/ ocular hypertension. IOP was measured using a Perkins applanation tonometer. Eye drops of 1% caffeine were prepared in-home. Following the initial (basal) measurement of the IOP, 50 μL of the eye drop preparation was instilled in the eye at 0-, 4-, and 6-hour intervals. IOPs were measured 30 minutes after each instillation. A second study was also undertaken following the first. In this study, the same patients instilled the eye drops three times per day for 1 week at home and then returned to the clinic on day 7. They were then again treated with caffeine eye drops as above and IOPs measured. Results In the 1-day study, the mean basal IOP was 23.6 ± 2.80 mmHg. Thirty minutes after instillation of the drops as described, the pressures were 23.2 ± 1.93, 22.2 ± 1.99, and 22.6 ± 2.31. The basal reading was taken at 10 am and another reading was then taken at 10.30 am. Additional eye drops were instilled at 2 and 8 pm and readings taken 30 minutes after each instillation. In the 1 week study, the basal value was 22.6 ± 2.32. After instillation of the drops as above the values were 23 ± 2.16, 22.4 ± 2.27, and 23 ± 1.94. Conclusion Administration of caffeine into the eyes of patients did not have any effect on IOP and it remained relatively unchanged. This was true in the 1-day study as well as in the 1-week study. A cumulative effect was not visible. The results therefore demonstrate that caffeine has no significant effect on IOP in patients with glaucoma. Any effects reported in coffee drinkers may therefore be related to other constituents in coffee, known to be generated pyrolytically from endogenous constituents of coffee beans by roasting at relatively high temperature, combined with the osmotic effects imposed by adequate fluid intake, known to be common in glaucoma patients.
PENGEMBANGAN PEMBELAJARAN MULTIMEDIA INTERAKTIF BERBASIS INTERNET PELAJARAN BAHASA INGGRIS

Abstrak: Tujuan dalam pengembangan ini adalah untuk: menghasilkan media pembelajaran multimedia interaktif berbasis internet pada bahasa inggris memenuhi syarat sebagai media pembelajaran yang baik; dan mengetahui efektivitas penggunaan media pembelajaran multimedia interaktif berbasis internet pada bahasa inggris. Jenis penelitian ini adalah penelitian pengembangan menggunakan model Borg & Gall dengan model pengembangan pembelajaran Dick & Carey. Hasil penelitian pengembangan menunjukkan bahwa: uji ahli materi bahasa inggris kualifikasi sangat baik; uji ahli desain pembelajaran kualifikasi sangat baik, uji ahli perangkat lunak kualifikasi sangat baik; uji coba perorangan kualifikasi sangat baik; uji coba kelompok kecil kualifikasi sangat baik; dan uji coba lapangan kualifikasi sangat baik. Kualitas produk menunjukkan bahwa kelompok siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan menggunakan multimedia interaktif berbasis internet lebih tinggi dari kelompok siswa yang dibelajarkan dengan menggunakan media pembelajaran buku teks sebesar. Kata Kunci: pengembangan media pembelajaran multimedia interaktif berbasis internet pada bahasa inggris
Reactive Oxygen Species Are Required for Hyperoxia-induced Bax Activation and Cell Death in Alveolar Epithelial Cells*

Exposure of animals to hyperoxia results in respiratory failure and death within 72 h. Histologic evaluation of the lungs of these animals demonstrates epithelial apoptosis and necrosis. Although the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is widely thought to be responsible for the cell death observed following exposure to hyperoxia, it is not clear whether they act upstream of activation of the cell death pathway or whether they are generated as a result of mitochondrial membrane permeabilization and caspase activation. We hypothesized that the generation of ROS was required for hyperoxia-induced cell death upstream of Bax activation. In primary rat alveolar epithelial cells, we found that exposure to hyperoxia resulted in the generation of ROS that was completely prevented by the administration of the combined superoxide dismutase/catalase mimetic EUK-134 (Eukarion, Inc., Bedford, MA). Exposure to hyperoxia resulted in the activation of Bax at the mitochondrial membrane, cytochrome c release, and cell death. The administration of EUK-134 prevented Bax activation, cytochrome c release, and cell death. In a mouse lung epithelial cell line (MLE-12), the overexpression of Bcl-XL protected cells against hyperoxia by preventing the activation of Bax at the mitochondrial membrane. We conclude that exposure to hyperoxia results in Bax activation at the mitochondrial membrane and subsequent cytochrome c release. Bax activation at the mitochondrial membrane requires the generation of ROS and can be prevented by the overexpression of Bcl-XL.
MAIZE (Zea mays L.) - OKRA (Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench ) INTERCROP AS AFFECTED BY CROPPING PATTERN IN KOGI STATE, NIGERIA

Trials were conducted at the Kogi State University Research Farm (Longitude 7 0 06N, 6 43E) Anyigba, Nigeria, in the Southern Guinea Savanna ecological zone during 2005 and 2006 cropping seasons. The experiment, a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications had a variety of maize intercropped wi th a variety of okra at one stand of maize alternated with one stand of okra; one stand of mai ze lternated with two stands of okra; one row of maize alternated one row of okra; one row of maize alternated with two rows of okra in addition to sole crops. Results of statistical anal ysis reveal significant (P< 0.05) influence of cropping pattern on final heights of maize and okra , total number of okra pods harvested/ha, total pod weight/ha and maize yield. The treatment did not however, influence leaf number in maize and okra, pod length and diameter in okra. In all the systems investigated Land Equivalent Ratios (LERs) were less than unity excep t for 1:2 alternate rows, thus cropping maize and okra at 1:2 alternate rows is recommended for farmers engaged in this practice.
Web-Based Literature: Displaying Students’ Response to Short Story

This paper is a report of a research in progress. The purpose of the paper is to investigate English study program students in making use of website to display their response toward literary works. The inquiry also covers a new paradigm of literary appreciation, the application of reader response strategy and visual symbol response. The paradigm combines both responses in order to sharpen cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects which are very essential in learning process. This paper will also elaborate the procedure of displaying students’ response. This paper highlights the use of media and technology in appreciating literary works. After reading certain and similar short story available in many websites, the students can comment on it. They, then, apply the reader response strategy in order to express their personal response and deep feeling toward the characters of the story. Lecturer provides them with a special website to be their spot to comment on each other. Ultimately, their appreciations are able to be responded by other visitors. It is a qualitative study. The data entailed are taken by observing and interviewing. These instruments facilitate the researcher to dig up deeply the sample’s way of appreciating literary works, their interest of responding short stories by applying the new paradigm, and of displaying the stories in special website. The study is analyzed qualitatively. A content analysis is conducted in answering the research questions.
Goal setting practice in services delivering community-based stroke rehabilitation: a United Kingdom (UK) wide survey

Abstract Purpose: We investigated the nature of services providing community-based stroke rehabilitation across the UK, and goal setting practice used within them, to inform evaluation of a goal setting and action planning (G-AP) framework. Methods: We designed, piloted and electronically distributed a survey to health professionals working in community-based stroke rehabilitation settings across the UK. We optimised recruitment using a multi-faceted strategy. Results: Responses were analysed from 437 services. Services size, composition and input was highly variable; however, most were multi-disciplinary (82%; n = 335/407) and provided input to a mixed diagnostic group of patients (71%; n = 312/437). Ninety one percent of services (n = 358/395) reported setting goals with “all” or “most” stroke survivors. Seventeen percent (n = 65/380) reported that no methods were used to guide goal setting practice; 47% (n = 148/315) reported use of informal methods only. Goal setting practice varied, e.g. 98% of services (n = 362/369) reported routinely asking patients about goal priorities; 39% (n = 141/360) reported routinely providing patients with a copy of their goals. Conclusions: Goal setting is embedded within community-based stroke rehabilitation; however, practice varies and is potentially sub-optimal. Further evaluation of the G-AP framework is warranted to inform optimal practice. Evaluation design will take account of the diverse service models that exist. Implications for Rehabilitation Community-based stroke rehabilitation services across the UK are diverse and tend to see a mixed diagnostic group of patients. Goal setting is implemented routinely within community-based stroke rehabilitation services; however, practice is variable and potentially sub-optimal. Further evaluation of the G-AP framework is warranted to assess its effectiveness in practice.
Dyslexia in Different Languages: Cross-Linguistic Comparisons

Introduction, cross--linguistic studies of dyslexia -- an overview of current research. Cross--linguistic assessment of reading difficulties in English--Afrikaans bilingual children. Learning to spell in French: How spoken and written language influence the acquisition of spelling skills of Quebec--French speaking children. Reading disability in Norwegian children. Dyslexia in German--speaking children. The manifestation of developmental reading disorders in a regular orthographic system: the Greek language. Reading and reading difficulties in Polish. Identifying developmental dyslexia in Arabic -- a review of the literature. Developmental dyslexia in Chinese. Dyslexia in English and Japanese and a Hypothesis of Granularitya . Literacy problems in braille. Dyslexia in different languages -- what next?
Escalating methylisothiazolinone/methylchloroisothiazolinone allergy probably attributable to methylisothiazolinone in leave‐on body cosmetics

Faisal R. Ali1, Elizabeth L. Shepherd2, Laura C. Yell2, Deirdre A. Buckley3 and Jason D. L. Williams1 1Contact Dermatitis Investigation Unit, Dermatology Centre, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, Stott Lane, Manchester, M6 8HD, UK, 2University of Manchester Medical School, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK, and 3Dermatology Department, Royal United Hospital Bath NHS Trust, Combe Park, Bath, BA1 3NG, UK