Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simplified cyclostationary detector using compressed sensing

Compressed sensing (CS) is often utilized to lower the complexity of cyclostationary detector (CD) in wideband sensing. In this paper, a methodology is proposed to further simplify the complexity for the combination of CS and CD. Firstly, the relationship between spectral coherence function (SCF) and the compressed samples is deduced in matrix form, thus the reconstruction of original signal can be skipped. Secondly, we notice complexity is highly dependent on compression ratio, which is determined by signal sparsity. Through careful analysis, a strong dependence of sparsity on modulation mode and symbol rate is discovered. Therefore we propose to adjust compression ratio according to the modulation mode and symbol rate of the target signal. To facilitate the adjustment, a modulation classification algorithm based on correlation of SCF is formulated. Moreover, the relationship between compression ratio and performance loss is also explored. Simulation proves our method can reduce complexity significantly with marginal loss in accuracy.
Integration of a Miniaturized Conductivity Sensor into an Animal-Borne Instrument

Abstract : Habitat changes affecting marine mammals can range from small scale cyclic changes (e.g. tides) and natural physical processes (e.g. fronts and eddies) to changes on an ecological scale that range from years to decades and from tens to thousands of kilometers. These habitat changes can be natural or anthropogenic (e.g. pollution, sound). For example, short-term changes of the physical environment can cause changes in marine mammal populations by affecting pup survival, while long-term unidirectional changes can result in permanent habitat change or even habitat loss that may have a significant impact on entire populations. Population consequences of the foraging behavior of marine mammals depend on the availability of prey, which in turn is in part driven by the way animals react to the quality and dynamics of their immediate environment at the scale they are able to sample it. Predicting how marine mammal populations respond to habitat changes is also essential for developing conservation management strategies. To investigate such links, we need the appropriate environmental information at the relevant scales and, while large scale monitoring of environmental change can be accomplished cost-effectively by approaches such as remote sensing, getting fine scale information from the marine mammal s immediate environment requires local in-situ monitoring.
Grado de competencia social y comportamientos antisociales, delictivos y no delictivos en adolescentes

Los comportamientos antisociales, tanto delictivos como no delictivos, han sido tratados en la literatura como un conjunto. Estos comportamientos antisociales han sido relacionados con la carencia de competencia psicosocial. Es posible que la relación entre competencia psicosocial y comportamientos antisociales delictivos y no delictivos siga un efecto de escalada. Para someter a prueba esta hipótesis se diseñó un estudio de campo con 450 adolescentes, de los que 150 estaban cumpliendo una condena penal (delincuentes), 150 poseían comportamientos antisociales no delictivos y 150 pertenecían a población escolarizada normal, quienes fueron evaluados en las variables fundamentales de la competencia psicosocial. Los resultados se analizaron a partir de un MANOVA (factor población: reforma, antisocial y normativa) y evidenciaron una relación entre incompetencia social y comportamientos antisociales y delictivos, así como un efecto de escalada, es decir, el grado de conducta desviada (delictiva, antisocial no delictiva y normal) va ligado al grado de (in)competencia social. Se discuten las implicaciones de estos hallazgos para el tratamiento de los menores con comportamientos antisociales, delictivos y no delictivos.
Delivering Communitas: Wilderness Adventure and the Making of Community

This paper offers an ethnographic account of Wilderness Inquiry (WI), a leisure service provider with the organizational goal of delivering communitas, an intense form of social bonding. At WI, delivering communitas was linked to broader social goals of social integration and equality. However, WI was also a leisure provider, and participants arrived expecting a leisure experience. The paper provides an ethnographic account of how the organization and its trip leaders went about delivering communitas, emphasizing the key elements of establishing the mission, selecting and training trip leaders, setting the tone, maximizing authority, and guiding interpretations. This study concludes by raising some general questions about authenticity, community, and structural transformation when leisure is used as a setting for delivering communitas.
Effect of Angle on Flow-Induced Vibrations of Pinniped Vibrissae

Two types of vibrissal surface structures, undulated and smooth, exist among pinnipeds. Most Phocidae have vibrissae with undulated surfaces, while Otariidae, Odobenidae, and a few phocid species possess vibrissae with smooth surfaces. Variations in cross-sectional profile and orientation of the vibrissae also exist between pinniped species. These factors may influence the way that the vibrissae behave when exposed to water flow. This study investigated the effect that vibrissal surface structure and orientation have on flow-induced vibrations of pinniped vibrissae. Laser vibrometry was used to record vibrations along the whisker shaft from the undulated vibrissae of harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) and northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) and the smooth vibrissae of California sea lions (Zalophus californianus). Vibrations along the whisker shaft were measured in a flume tank, at three orientations (0°, 45°, 90°) to the water flow. The results show that vibration frequency and velocity ranges were similar for both undulated and smooth vibrissae. Angle of orientation, rather than surface structure, had the greatest effect on flow-induced vibrations. Vibration velocity was up to 60 times higher when the wide, flat aspect of the whisker faced into the flow (90°), compared to when the thin edge faced into the flow (0°). Vibration frequency was also dependent on angle of orientation. Peak frequencies were measured up to 270 Hz and were highest at the 0° orientation for all whiskers. Furthermore, CT scanning was used to quantify the three-dimensional structure of pinniped vibrissae that may influence flow interactions. The CT data provide evidence that all vibrissae are flattened in cross-section to some extent and that differences exist in the orientation of this profile with respect to the major curvature of the hair shaft. These data support the hypothesis that a compressed cross-sectional profile may play a key role in reducing self-noise of the vibrissae.
Altered Peptide Ligand-Mediated TCR Antagonism Can Be Modulated by a Change in a Single Amino Acid Residue Within the CDR3β of an MHC Class I-Restricted TCR1

The Ag receptor of cytotoxic CD8+ T lymphocytes recognizes peptides of 8–10 aa bound to MHC class I molecules. This Ag recognition event leads to the activation of the CD8+ lymphocyte and subsequent lysis of the target cell. Altered peptide ligands are analogues derived from the original antigenic peptide that commonly carry amino acid substitutions at TCR contact residues. TCR engagement by these altered peptide ligands usually impairs normal T cell function. Some of these altered peptide ligands (antagonists) are able to specifically antagonize and inhibit T cell activation induced by the wild-type antigenic peptide. Despite significant advances made in understanding TCR antagonism, the molecular interactions between the TCR and the MHC/peptide complex responsible for the inhibitory activity of antagonist peptides remain elusive. To approach this question, we have identified altered peptide ligands derived from the vesicular stomatitis virus peptide (RGYVYQGL) that specifically antagonize an H-2Kb/vesicular stomatitis virus-specific TCR. Furthermore, by site-directed mutagenesis, we altered single amino acid residues of the complementarity-determining region 3 of the β-chain of this TCR and tested the effect of these point mutations on Ag recognition and TCR antagonism. Here we show that a single amino acid change on the TCR CDR3β loop can modulate the TCR-antagonistic properties of an altered peptide ligand. Our results highlight the role of the TCR complementarity-determining region 3 loops for controlling the nature of the T cell response to TCR/altered peptide ligand interactions, including those leading to TCR antagonism.
Tzitzeica solitons versus relativistic Calogero–Moser three-body clusters

We establish a connection between the hyperbolic relativistic Calogero–Moser systems and a class of soliton solutions to the Tzitzeica equation (also called the Dodd–Bullough–Zhiber–Shabat–Mikhailov equation). In the 6N-dimensional phase space Ω of the relativistic systems with 2N particles and N antiparticles, there exists a 2N-dimensional Poincare-invariant submanifold ΩP corresponding to N free particles and N bound particle-antiparticle pairs in their ground state. The Tzitzeica N-soliton tau functions under consideration are real valued and obtained via the dual Lax matrix evaluated in points of ΩP. This correspondence leads to a picture of the soliton as a cluster of two particles and one antiparticle in their lowest internal energy state.
Shot Noise in Epitaxial Double-Barrier Magnetic Tunnel Junctions

We demonstrate that shot noise in Fe/MgO/Fe/MgO/Fe double-barrier magnetic tunnel junctions is determined by the magnetic configuration of the junction-the P-state with the magnetic moments of all three ferromagnetic layers aligned parallel, the AP1 state with the central electrode magnetized opposite to its neighbors, and two different AP2 states with the magnetic moment of the upper or bottom electrode aligned opposite to the other two. We also show that the asymmetry between both MgO barriers is another important factor which affects the shot noise. Some voltages present an enhancement in both conductance and shot noise, which indicates that resonant tunneling through quantum well states formed in the middle magnetic layer is taking place. When the junctions are heated to 60 K, the resonance tunneling anomalies in the shot noise smear out, but they survive in the differential conductance. On the other hand, at low voltages (below 200 mV) and low temperatures (below 4 K) the shot noise tends to decrease, probably due to multi-step tunneling via localized defect states in the tunnel MgO barrier. The theoretical model of sequential tunneling proposed for this system, which takes into account spin relaxation, successfully describes the experimental observations in the bias range between 200 mV and 500 mV, where the influence of tunneling through barrier defects and resonant states inside the central electrode is negligible.
Limitations in dual-task performance

In this thesis, the effect of information-processing overload on working-memory dependent information processing was examined using dual-task paradigms. The experiments described strengthen the importance of a functional explanation for dual-task limitations. First, it showed evidence for a unified coding medium (as put forward in the theory of event coding; Hommel, Musseler, Aschersleben, & Prinz, 2001) in which features, operations and responses are available and can influence each other. Additionally, it was shown that the response to the first of two stimuli is facilitated in case the processes are compatible. Furthermore, it showed that the psychological refractory period and the attentional blink share limitations with respect to a common resource that originates in working memory operation span and that the use of individual differences can aid in examining the relation between the psychological refractory period and the attentional blink. Additionally, it showed that it is plausible that visual-spatial attention, mental rotation and response selection share limitations with respect to a common resource. Finally, research in this thesis showed that processes that can facilitate a response can be simultaneously implemented but not simultaneously executed.
HDAC3 promotes meiotic apparatus assembly in mouse oocytes by modulating tubulin acetylation

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) have been shown to deacetylate numerous cellular substrates that govern a wide array of biological processes. HDAC3, a member of the Class I HDACs, is a highly conserved and ubiquitously expressed protein. However, its roles in meiotic oocytes are not known. In the present study, we find that mouse oocytes depleted of HDAC3 are unable to completely progress through meiosis, and are blocked at metaphase I. These HDAC3 knockdown oocytes show spindle/chromosome organization failure, with severely impaired kinetochore-microtubule attachments. Consistent with this, the level of BubR1, a central component of the spindle assembly checkpoint, at kinetochores is dramatically increased in metaphase oocytes following HDAC3 depletion. Knockdown and overexpression experiments reveal that HDAC3 modulates the acetylation status of α-tubulin in mouse oocytes. Importantly, the deacetylation mimetic mutant tubulin-K40R can partly rescue the defective phenotypes of HDAC3 knockdown oocytes. Our data support a model whereby HDAC3, through deacetylating tubulin, promotes microtubule stability and the establishment of kinetochore-microtubule interaction, consequently ensuring proper spindle morphology, accurate chromosome movement and orderly meiotic progression during oocyte maturation. Summary: Hypoacetylation of tubulin K40 by HDAC3 promotes the establishment of kinetochore-microtubule interactions, ensuring proper spindle morphology and accurate chromosome movement during oocyte maturation.
Radio-based device-free activity recognition with radio frequency interference

Activity recognition is an important component of many pervasive computing applications. Device-free activity recognition has the advantage that it does not have the privacy concern of using cameras and the subjects do not have to carry a device on them. Recently, it has been shown that channel state information (CSI) can be used for activity recognition in a device-free setting. With the proliferation of wireless devices, it is important to understand how radio frequency interference (RFI) can impact on pervasive computing applications. In this paper, we investigate the impact of RFI on device-free CSI-based location-oriented activity recognition. We conduct experiments in environments without and with RFI. We present data to show that RFI can have a significant impact on the CSI vectors. In the absence of RFI, different activities give rise to different CSI vectors that can be differentiated visually. However, in the presence of RFI, the CSI vectors become much noisier and activity recognition also becomes harder. Our extensive experiments shows that the performance of state-of-the-art classification methods may degrade significantly with RFI. We then propose a number of counter measures to mitigate the impact of RFI and improve the location-oriented activity recognition performance. Our evaluation shows the proposed method can improve up to 10% true detection rate in the presence of RFI. We also study the impact of bandwidth on activity recognition performance. We show that with a channel bandwidth of 20 MHz (which is used by WiFi), it is possible to achieve a good activity recognition accuracy when RFI is present.
Comprehensive Comparison of Auxin-Regulated and Brassinosteroid-Regulated Genes in Arabidopsis[w]

Although numerous physiological studies have addressed the interactions between brassinosteroids and auxins, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms. Using an Affymetrix GeneChip representing approximately 8,300 Arabidopsis genes, we studied comprehensive transcript profiles over 24 h in response to indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and brassinolide (BL). We identified 409 genes as BL inducible, 276 genes as IAA inducible, and 637 genes in total. These two hormones regulated only 48 genes in common, suggesting that most of the actions of each hormone are mediated by gene expression that is unique to each. IAA-up-regulated genes were enriched in genes regulated in common. They were induced quickly by IAA and more slowly by BL, suggesting divergent physiological roles. Many were early auxin-inducible genes and their homologs, namely SAUR, GH3, and IAA. The comprehensive comparison also identified IAA- and BL-specific genes, which should help to elucidate the specific actions of each hormone. The identified genes were classified using hierarchical clustering based on the similarity of their responses to the two hormones. Gene classification also allowed us to analyze the frequency of cis-elements. The TGTCTC element, a core element of the previously reported auxin response element, was not enriched in genes specifically regulated by IAA but was enriched in the 5′-flanking region of genes up-regulated by both IAA and BL. Such gene classification should be useful for predicting the functions of unknown genes, to understand the roles of these two hormones, and the promoter analysis should provide insight into the interaction of transcriptional regulation by the two hormones.
Experimental and Clinical Studies on Lactate and Pyruvate as Indicators of the Severity of Acute Circulatory Failure (Shock)

The increase in lactate (L) and pyruvate (P) content of arterial blood during experimental and clinical shock states and the extent to which such increases serve as measures of oxygen deficit and irreversible injury were investigated on an empirical basis.A standardized method for production of hemorrhagic shock in the Wistar rat was employed. During a 4-hour bleeding period, oxygen consumption of the rat was reduced to approximately 40% of control value, pH was reduced from 7.39 to 7.08, and a concurrent increase in L from 0.80 to 6.06 mM and in P from 0.07 to 0.18 mM were observed. Cumulative oxygen debt correlated with log L (r = 0.50; P < 0.0005) and both were significantly related to survival. Correlation of cumulative oxygen debt and survival, both with P and with computed values of the lactate pyruvate ratio (L/P) and excess lactate (XL), were of no higher magnitude. Partial correlation analysis demonstrated that neither the measurement of P nor the computation of L/P or XL improved predictability.In 142 patients who presented with clinical manifestation of circulatory shock and of whom 62 survived and 80 died, the best empirical discrimination between survivors and those who died was provided by measurement of L, which failed only 11% of the time. This was confirmed by discriminant function analysis in which the percentage probability of misclassification based on L was 12% whereas this probability increased to 21% with L/P and 19% with XL. The combination of XL and L/P with L failed to improve discrimination. In this series of patients, L served as a sensitive predictor; as L increased from 2.1 to 8.0 mM, the estimated probability of survival decreased from 90 to 10%. These studies corroborate that L alone serves as a reliable indicator, but neither the measurement of P nor the computation of L/P or XL was shown to improve either the reliability of L as a measure of cumulative oxygen debt or its value as a prognosticator of survival during shock states.
A mixture of physicochemical and evolutionary-based feature extraction approaches for protein fold recognition

Recent advancement in the pattern recognition field stimulates enormous interest in Protein Fold Recognition (PFR). PFR is considered as a crucial step towards protein structure prediction and drug design. Despite all the recent achievements, the PFR still remains as an unsolved issue in biological science and its prediction accuracy still remains unsatisfactory. Furthermore, the impact of using a wide range of physicochemical-based attributes on the PFR has not been adequately explored. In this study, we propose a novel mixture of physicochemical and evolutionary-based feature extraction methods based on the concepts of segmented distribution and density. We also explore the impact of 55 different physicochemical-based attributes on the PFR. Our results show that by providing more local discriminatory information as well as obtaining benefit from both physicochemical and evolutionary-based features simultaneously, we can enhance the protein fold prediction accuracy up to 5% better than previously reported results found in the literature.
Simulations of spectral lines from an eccentric precessing accretion disc

Two-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations of a precessing accretion disc in a q= 0.1 binary system (such as XTE J1118+480) reveal complex and continuously varying shape, kinematics and dissipation. The stream–disc impact region and disc spiral density waves are prominent sources of energy dissipation. The dissipated energy is modulated on the period Psh= (P−1orb−P−1prec)−1 with which the orientation of the disc relative to the mass donor repeats. This superhump modulation in dissipation energy has a variation in amplitude of ∼10 per cent relative to the total dissipation energy and evolves, repeating exactly only after a full disc precession cycle. A sharp component in the light curve is associated with centrifugally expelled material falling back and impacting the disc. Synthetic trailed spectrograms reveal two distinct 'S-wave' features, produced respectively by the stream gas and the disc gas at the stream–disc impact shock. These S-waves are non-sinusoidal, and evolve with disc precession phase. We identify the spiral density wave emission in the trailed spectrogram. Instantaneous Doppler maps show how the stream impact moves in velocity space during an orbit. In our maximum entropy Doppler tomogram, the stream impact region emission is distorted, and the spiral density wave emission is suppressed. A significant radial velocity modulation of the whole line profile occurs on the disc precession period. We compare our SPH simulation with a simple three-dimensional model; the former is appropriate for comparison with emission lines, while the latter is preferable for skewed absorption lines from precessing discs.
Can development work describe itself?

Work descriptions are informal notes taken by developers to summarize work achieved in a particular session. Existing studies indicate that maintaining them is a distracting task, which costs a developer more than 30 min. a day. The goal of this research is to analyze the purposes of work descriptions, and find out if automated tools can assist developers in efficiently creating them. For this, we mine a large dataset of heterogeneous work descriptions from open source and commercial projects. We analyze the semantics of these documents and identify common information entities and granularity levels. Information on performed actions, concerned artifacts, references and new work, shows the work management purpose of work descriptions. Information on problems, rationale and experience shows their knowledge sharing purpose. We discuss how work description information, in particular information used for work management, can be generated by observing developers' interactions. Our findings have many implications for next generation software engineering tools.