Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Concepts of Work, Leisure and Retirement in Adults with an Intellectual Disability

University of New South Wales Abstract: Much research has aimed to improve the knowledge and skills of persons with an intellectual disability for better work and leisure activities, and, more recently, for retirement activities. Instruction typically works much better when it proceeds from an individual's existing concepts but this principle has not been applied much to education of persons with an intellectual disability. Here it was applied to the concepts of work, leisure and retirement. Sixty adults with an intellectual disability were interviewed to determine their existing concepts of these and their work and leisure histories. Most had solid concepts of work and leisure, but with some gaps, particularly in notions of voluntary work and occupation's status. Most had satisfactory work and leisure lives. Most had a relatively poor concept of retirement at best and had done little retirement planning. Results suggest some key targets for educational programs designed to improve knowledge in these domains. This general conceptual approach can be usefully applied to teaching other important concepts to persons with an intellectual disability.
Stochastic Bandwidth Estimation in Networks With Random Service

Numerous methods for available bandwidth estimation have been developed for wireline networks, and their effectiveness is well-documented. However, most methods fail to predict bandwidth availability reliably in a wireless setting. It is accepted that the increased variability of wireless channel conditions makes bandwidth estimation more difficult. However, a (satisfactory) explanation why these methods are failing is missing. This paper seeks to provide insights into the problem of bandwidth estimation in wireless networks or, more broadly, in networks with random service. We express bandwidth availability in terms of bounding functions with a defined violation probability. Exploiting properties of a stochastic min-plus linear system theory, the task of bandwidth estimation is formulated as inferring an unknown bounding function from measurements of probing traffic. We present derivations showing that simply using the expected value of the available bandwidth in networks with random service leads to a systematic overestimation of the traffic departures. Furthermore, we show that in a multihop setting with random service at each node, available bandwidth estimates requires observations over (in principle infinitely) long time periods. We propose a new estimation method for random service that is based on iterative constant-rate probes that take advantage of statistical methods. We show how our estimation method can be realized to achieve both good accuracy and confidence levels. We evaluate our method for wired single-and multihop networks, as well as for wireless networks.
Frontal Eye Field Inactivation Diminishes Superior Colliculus Activity, But Delayed Saccadic Accumulation Governs Reaction Time Increases

Stochastic accumulator models provide a comprehensive framework for how neural activity could produce behavior. Neural activity within the frontal eye fields (FEFs) and intermediate layers of the superior colliculus (iSC) support such models for saccade initiation by relating variations in saccade reaction time (SRT) to variations in such parameters as baseline, rate of accumulation of activity, and threshold. Here, by recording iSC activity during reversible cryogenic inactivation of the FEF in four male nonhuman primates, we causally tested which parameter(s) best explains concomitant increases in SRT. While FEF inactivation decreased all aspects of ipsilesional iSC activity, decreases in accumulation rate and threshold poorly predicted accompanying increases in SRT. Instead, SRT increases best correlated with delays in the onset of saccade-related accumulation. We conclude that FEF signals govern the onset of saccade-related accumulation within the iSC, and that the onset of accumulation is a relevant parameter for stochastic accumulation models of saccade initiation. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The superior colliculus (SC) and frontal eye fields (FEFs) are two of the best-studied areas in the primate brain. Surprisingly, little is known about what happens in the SC when the FEF is temporarily inactivated. Here, we show that temporary FEF inactivation decreases all aspects of functionally related activity in the SC. This combination of techniques also enabled us to relate changes in SC activity to concomitant increases in saccadic reaction time (SRT). Although stochastic accumulator models relate SRT increases to reduced rates of accumulation or increases in threshold, such changes were not observed in the SC. Instead, FEF inactivation delayed the onset of saccade-related accumulation, emphasizing the importance of this parameter in biologically plausible models of saccade initiation.
A new species of Haplophyllum A. Juss. (Rutaceae) from the Iberian Peninsula: evidence from morphological, karyological and molecular analyses.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The discovery of a new species, Haplophyllum bastetanum F.B. Navarro, V.N. Suárez-Santiago & Blanca sp. nov., in the south-east of Spain has prompted the comparative study of species of the Iberian Peninsula, and others related, through morphological, cytogenetic, molecular, distributional and ecological characterization. METHODS The morphological study involved a quantitative analysis of the species present in the Iberian Peninsula and a comparative analysis of the morphological characteristics between H. bastetanum and other related species. Mitotic analyses were made with root meristems taken from germinating seeds. Phylogenetic analyses of the internal transcribed spacer sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA were performed using neighbour-joining (NJ) and maximum-parsimony methods. KEY RESULTS Haplophyllum bastetanum is a diploid species (2n = 18) distinguished primarily for its non-trifoliate glabrous leaves, lanceolate sepals, dark-green petals with a dorsal band of hairs, and a highly hairy ovary with round-apex locules. The other two Iberian species (H. linifolium and H. rosmarinifolium) are tetraploid (2n = 36) and have yellow petals. Both phylogenetic methods generated a well-supported clade grouping H. linifolium with H. rosmarinifolium. In the NJ tree, the H. linifolium-H. rosmarinifolium clade is a sister group to H. bastetanum, while in the parsimony analysis this occurred only when the gaps were coded as a fifth base and the characters were reweighted according to the rescaled consistency index. This latter group is supported by the sequence divergence among taxa. CONCLUSIONS The phylogenies established from DNA sequences together with morphological and cytogenetic analyses support the separation of H. bastetanum as a new species. The results suggest that the change in the number of chromosomes may be the key mechanism of speciation of the genus Haplophyllum in the Iberian Peninsula. An evolutionary scheme for them is propounded.
Coordinated Decentralized Emergency Voltage and Reactive Power Control to Prevent Long-Term Voltage Instability in a Power System

This paper proposes a decentralized adaptive emergency control scheme against power system voltage instability. Decentralized control architecture is proposed by segregating the system into several local areas or zones based on the concept of electrical distance. Intelligent agents are assigned in each area to monitor the bus voltages and generator reactive powers to detect any threat of voltage collapse and to actuate countermeasures. A novel performance index has been formulated based on the load voltage and generator reactive power violations to identify the severity of disturbance and the risk of system emergency in each area. The coordination of the timing of the countermeasures among the agents is achieved through the formulation of the integral of the performance index. The simplicity and the adaptive nature of the proposed control scheme to provide countermeasures against any disturbance make it useful for real-time application. The robustness of the proposed approach has been validated through several case studies using the New England 39-bus test system and a more realistic Nordic32 test system.
The family’s governance of children’s media consumption as a moral arena: theoretical framework, methodology and first results of a study

La ricerca sulla governance genitoriale del consumo degli audiovisivi come vettore di educazione familiare, risponde ad un rinnovato interesse, da una parte, per l’educazione familiare e i modi con cui i bambini sono socializzati a divenire membri competenti della comunita attraverso le pratiche e i discorsi che punteggiano la vita quotidiana in famiglia e , dall’altra, per il consumo sempre piu precoce degli audiovisivi che – almeno nelle societa occidentali - riguarda ormai i bambini fin dai primissimi mesi di vita. Questo studio concerne il consumo domestico degli audiovisivi come una pratica quotidiana che implica, per i genitori, aspetti evolutivi, morali e dunque eminentemente educativi. In particolare, esamina le pratiche e i discorsi genitoriali connessi al consumo di film e video giochi da parte dei loro figli. Film e video giochi sono dei prodotti audiovisivi accomunati da un tratto del tutto peculiare. Si tratta i testi il cui consumo e soggetto a forme di regolamentazione pubblica e/o di autoregolamentazione da parte dei produttori e distributori. Situandosi sulla frontiera tra educazione familiare e responsabilita sociale nei confronti dell’infanzia, i sistemi di classificazione si propongono come risorsa pubblica e intendono fornire ai genitori uno strumento efficace rispetto alle pratiche familiari di governance dell’audiovisivo. Come si situano i genitori rispetto a queste norme? Cosa rivendicano come proprio territorio educativo? Cosa delegano? E, sul piano delle pratiche quotidiane, cosa ne fanno i genitori di questo strumento?
A phase I study of indoximod in patients with advanced malignancies

Purpose Indoximod is an oral inhibitor of the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase pathway, which causes tumor-mediated immunosuppression. Primary endpoints were maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and toxicity for indoximod in patients with advanced solid tumors. Secondary endpoints included response rates, pharmacokinetics, and immune correlates. Experimental Design Our 3+3 phase I trial comprised 10 dose levels (200, 300, 400, 600, and 800 mg once/day; 600, 800, 1200, 1600, and 2000 mg twice/day). Inclusion criteria were measurable metastatic solid malignancy, age ≥18 years, and adequate organ/marrow function. Exclusion criteria were chemotherapy ≤ 3 weeks prior, untreated brain metastases, autoimmune disease, or malabsorption. Results In 48 patients, MTD was not reached at 2000 mg twice/day. At 200 mg once/day, 3 patients previously treated with checkpoint inhibitors developed hypophysitis. Five patients showed stable disease >6 months. Indoximod plasma AUC and Cmax plateaued above 1200mg. Cmax (∼12 μM at 2000 mg twice/day) occurred at 2.9 hours, and half-life was 10.5 hours. C reactive protein (CRP) levels increased across multiple dose levels. Conclusions Indoximod was safe at doses up to 2000 mg orally twice/day. Best response was stable disease >6 months in 5 patients. Induction of hypophysitis, increased tumor antigen autoantibodies and CRP levels were observed.
Recreational Drug Use and the Risk of Primary Infertility

Recreational drug (marijuana, lysergic acid diethylamide or LSD, speed, cocaine, and “other”) exposures of women with primary infertility were compared with those of a matched control group of women with proven fertility. Women who reported smoking marijuana had a slightly elevated risk for infertility due to an ovulatory abnormality (RR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.0 to 3.0). The risk was greatest among women who had used marijuana within one year of trying to become pregnant (RR = 2.1, 95% CI = 1.1 to 4.0). No consistent frequency or duration of use effects could be demonstrated, and the risk was confined to low-frequency users. Risks associated with the use of other drugs were not elevated. The risk of infertility from a tubal abnormality associated with cocaine use was greatly increased (RR = 11.1, 95% CI = 1.7 to 70.8). Our results are consistent with animal studies suggesting that smoking marijuana may cause a transient disruption of ovulatory function. The possibility that cocaine exposure influences the development of tubal infertility needs further investigation.
Los tratamientos psicológicos en la fobia a la oscuridad: una revisión cuantitativa

Title: The psychological treatments for the phobia of darkness: A quanti- tative review. Abstract: A meta-analysis was performed on the effectiveness of psycho- logical treatment for phobia of the darkness in childhood. Thirteen scien- tific reports were identified and led to 26 independent studies, 19 treat- ment groups and 7 control groups. Three hundred and twenty-two chil- dren between the ages of 4 and 10, and predominantly boys, took part. The psychological treatment for the phobia of darkness was highly effec- tive (d+ = 2.05). The treatment packages reached the best results, and the most effective procedure was emotive performances (d+ = 2.38). Results were better when therapy was brief, intensive and individual, it included exposure in vivo, and parents were implicated in the treatment. Response to treatment was better in the oldest children and in boys. The clinical implication of these findings are discussed.
Finite Element Analysis of the Cingulata Jaw: An Ecomorphological Approach to Armadillo’s Diets

Finite element analyses (FEA) were applied to assess the lower jaw biomechanics of cingulate xenarthrans: 14 species of armadillos as well as one Pleistocene pampathere (11 extant taxa and the extinct forms Vassallia, Eutatus and Macroeuphractus). The principal goal of this work is to comparatively assess the biomechanical capabilities of the mandible based on FEA and to relate the obtained stress patterns with diet preferences and variability, in extant and extinct species through an ecomorphology approach. The results of FEA showed that omnivorous species have stronger mandibles than insectivorous species. Moreover, this latter group of species showed high variability, including some similar biomechanical features of the insectivorous Tolypeutes matacus and Chlamyphorus truncatus to those of omnivorous species, in agreement with reported diets that include items other than insects. It remains unclear the reasons behind the stronger than expected lower jaw of Dasypus kappleri. On the other hand, the very strong mandible of the fossil taxon Vassallia maxima agrees well with the proposed herbivorous diet. Moreover, Eutatus seguini yielded a stress pattern similar to Vassalia in the posterior part of the lower jaw, but resembling that of the stoutly built Macroeuphractus outesi in the anterior part. The results highlight the need for more detailed studies on the natural history of extant armadillos. FEA proved a powerful tool for biomechanical studies in a comparative framework.
Age-Related Response Bias in the Decoding of Sad Facial Expressions

Recent studies have found that age is negatively associated with the accuracy of decoding emotional facial expressions; this effect of age was found for actors as well as for raters. Given that motivational differences and stereotypes may bias the attribution of emotion, the aim of the present study was to explore whether these age effects are due to response bias, that is, the unbalanced use of response categories. Thirty younger raters (19–30 years) and thirty older raters (65–81 years) viewed video clips of younger and older actors representing the same age ranges, and decoded their facial expressions. We computed both raw hit rates and bias-corrected hit rates to assess the influence of potential age-related response bias on decoding accuracy. Whereas raw hit rates indicated significant effects of both the actors’ and the raters’ ages on decoding accuracy for sadness, these age effects were no longer significant when response bias was corrected. Our results suggest that age effects on the accuracy of decoding facial expressions may be due, at least in part, to age-related response bias.
Exploring user's emotional relationships with IT products: a structural equation model

Decades of ergonomics research change the consumers' criteria by which they value and choose an IT product. Compared with the emphasis placed on new functions, reliability, and good after-service in past, emotional response to products has become an important user requirement to improve the customer acceptance in the market. This study develops a model and validates two specific antecedent variables-computer experience and capability-which are hypothesized to be fundamental determinants of users' emotional response to IT products usage. Adding four more variables-such as attitude, belief, end user satisfaction and impact-test the parsimony of the model further. The research data were derived from a questionnaire survey circulated to 618 people in the worldwide and LISREL, a technique for modeling structural equation systems, was used to analyze the responses.
Larvicidal Activity against Aedes aegypti and Chemical Characterization of the Inflorescences of Tagetes patula

The crude acetone extract (CAE) of defatted inflorescences of Tagetes patula was partitioned into five semipurified fractions: n-hexane (HF), dichloromethane (DF), ethyl acetate (EAF), n-butanol (BF), and aqueous (AQF). BF was fractionated by reversed-phase polyamide column chromatography, obtaining 34 subfractions, which were subjected to HSCCC, where patuletin and patulitrin were isolated. CAE and the fractions BF, EAF, DF, and AQF were analyzed by LC-DAD-MS, and patuletin and patulitrin were determined as the major substances in EAF and BF, respectively. BF was also analyzed by HPLC and capillary electrophoresis (CE), and patulitrin was again determined to be the main substance in this fraction. CAE and the semipurified fractions (750, 500, 300, 100, and 50 mg/L) were assayed for larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, with mortality rate expressed as percentage. All fractions except AQF showed insecticidal activity after 24 h exposure of larvae to the highest concentration. However, EAF showed the highest activity with more than 50% reduction in larval population at 50 mg/L. The insecticidal activity observed with EAF might have been due to the higher concentration of patuletin present in this fraction.
Adult Klebsiella pneumoniae meningitis in Qatar: clinical pattern of ten cases.

OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical presentation, underlying diseases, antimicrobial susceptibility, treatment and outcome of Klebsiella pneumoniae meningitis patients. METHODS This retrospective study involved all patients with 15 years of age or older who admitted to Hamad General Hospital with culture proven Klebsiella pneumoniae meningitis from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2012. RESULTS A total of ten cases were identified (nine males and one female). Their mean age was (43.3±12.8) years. Eight patients (80%) had nosocomial meningitis with neurosurgery being the most frequent associated condition. Fever and altered consciousness were the most frequent symptom. Cerebrospinal fluid showed elevated protein and glucose levels. Gram stain showed Gram-negative rods in 50% of cases, while positive cerebrospinal fluid culture results were found in all patients. Multidrug resistance was observed in two cases, and all patients had received appropriate empirical and definitive antibiotic treatments. The mean duration of intravenous antimicrobial treatment was (19.3±7.0) d and all patients with external ventricular drains underwent removal of the device, while in-hospital mortality was 50%. CONCLUSIONS The number of cases was too small to come up with therapeutic and prognostic conclusions. Further large-scale prospective study is needed.
On the Analysis of the Quantum-inspired Evolutionary Algorithm with a Single Individual

This paper discusses the reason why QEA works and verifies how QEA works. The theoretical analysis of the simplified model of the segment process of QEA shows that QEA with a single individual for OneMax problem guarantees the global solution in terms of expected running number of generations. The analysis for exploration shows clearly that QEA starts with a global search scheme and changes automatically into a local search scheme as generation advances because of its inherent probabilistic mechanism, which leads to a good balance between exploration and exploitation. For comparison purpose, simulated annealing is considered with three test functions. The results support the conclusions derived from the theoretical analysis of QEA with a single individual.
Olanzapine in Chinese treatment‐resistant patients with schizophrenia: An open‐label, prospective trial

The role of olanzapine in treatment‐resistant schizophrenia has still not been clearly resolved. In addressing this issue, the current report presents an open‐label, prospective, 13 week trial with olanzapine use in Chinese schizophrenic patients who were resistant to more than two different classes of antipsychotics during a minimal 4 week treatment period for each antipsychotic drug at adequate dosage. Fifty‐one inpatients were recruited after a cross‐titration period and given 10–25 mg of olanzapine daily, without any concomitant antipsychotic medication. Patients were evaluated with the Brief Psychotic Rating Scale (BPRS), the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale, the Clinical Global Impression Scale (CGI), the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale, the Simpson–Angus scale, and the Barnes Akathisia Scale. The olanzapine‐treated patients showed significant improvement in both the positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia by the end of the study. Overall, 20 of 51 (39.2%) responded to 10–25 mg of olanzapine per day as measured by the BPRS and CGI scores. Five patients dropped out due to the worsening of their psychotic symptoms, two patients discontinued owing to poor drug compliance, and the remaining patient complained of a lack of efficacy. Extrapyramidal side‐effects were mild, and anticholinergic medications required has decreased. The present open study suggests that olanzapine may be effective and well‐tolerated in Chinese treatment‐resistant schizophrenic patients. Further double‐blinded trials are needed to confirm this result.
The influence of social phobia in first episode of psychosis and attentional processing and the ability to use theory of mind

Chapter One: Literature Review This chapter reviews the research surrounding the prevalence of comorbid social phobia in people diagnosed with schizophrenia. It then critically evaluates the eight studies that have specifically explored the relationships, if any, between social phobia and psychotic symptoms. The review surmises that the research findings are inconsistent, which seem to be attributable to methodological differences between all the studies in terms of participant selection, chronicity of psychotic symptoms and lack of consistent measures. Chapter Two: Research Report This study investigates attentional processing, the influence of social phobia and the ability to use Theory of Mind (ToM: the ability to infer other people's mental states and behaviour) in people diagnosed with their first episode of psychosis, when compared to healthy matched controls. The results showed that the first episode group attended towards negative evaluation, somatic sensations, physical threat, but not social situation word groups. Social phobia was highly prevalent in the first episode of psychosis cohort (37%) and this anxiety disorder was unrelated to psychotic symptoms. ToM processing was impaired in the first episode group. ToM was not related to social phobia symptoms, but was related to social functioning. Chapter Three: Critical Appraisal This section presents an overview of the experiences and personal reflections of the work that constitutes this thesis and includes the main personal learning points.