Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Particle Swarm Optimization Approach to Robotic Drill Route Optimization

Most of the operational time of a PCB Robotic Drill is spent on moving the drill bit between the holes. This operational time can be kept at a minimal level by optimizing the route taken by the robot. An optimized route translates to a minimal cost of operating the robot. This paper proposes a new model that implements Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) in order to find optimized routing path when using the PCB Robotic Drill. The main task of the PCB Robotic Drill is to drill holes at Printed Circuit Board (PCB). This PCB Robotic Drill will route the drill site by moving the drill bit along Cartesian axes from it’s initial position. Then, the drill bit will return back to the initial position. The drill route consists of a number of potential locations where the holes are going to be drilled. As the number of holes required increases so thus does the complexity to find the optimized route. The proposed model can be used to solve this complex problem with minimal computational time. The result of a case study indicates that the proposed model is capable to find the shortest path for the robot to complete its task. Thus concluded the proposed model can be implemented in any drill route problems.
An exploration of learning and grammars in grammatical evolution

This paper is concerned with the challenge of learning solutions to problems. The method employed here is a grammar based heuristic, where domain knowledge is encoded in a generative grammar, while evolution drives the update of the population of solutions. Furthermore the method can adapt to the environment by altering the grammar. The implementation consists of the grammar-based Genetic Programming approach of Grammatical Evolution (GE). A number of different constructions of grammars and operators for manipulating the grammars and the evolutionary algorithm are investigated, as well as a meta-grammar GE which allows a more flexible grammar. The results show some benefit of using meta-grammars in GE and re-emphasize the grammar's impact on GE's performance.
Patterns of Chromosomal Alterations in Breast Ductal Carcinoma In situ

Purpose: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is thought to be a nonobligate precursor of invasive cancer. Genomic changes specific to pure DCIS versus invasive cancer, as well as alterations unique to individual DCIS subtypes, have not been fully defined. Experimental Design: Chromosomal copy number alterations were examined by comparative genomic hybridization in 34 cases of pure DCIS and compared with 12 cases of paired synchronous DCIS and invasive ductal cancer, as well as to 146 additional cases of invasive breast cancer of ductal or lobular histology. Genomic differences between high-grade and low/intermediate-grade DCIS, as well as between pure DCIS and invasive cancer, were identified. Results: Pure DCIS showed almost the same degree of chromosomal instability as invasive ductal cancers. A higher proportion of low/intermediate-grade versus high-grade DCIS had loss of 16q (65 versus 12%, respectively; P = 0.002). When compared with lower grade DCIS, high-grade DCIS exhibited more frequent gain of 17q (65 versus 41%; P = 0.15) and higher frequency loss of 8p (77 versus 41%; P = 0.04). Chromosomal alterations in those cases with synchronous DCIS and invasive ductal cancer showed a high degree of shared changes within the two components. Conclusions: DCIS is genetically advanced, showing a similar degree of chromosomal alterations as invasive ductal cancer. The pattern of alterations differed between high- and low/intermediate-grade DCIS, supporting a model in which different histological grades of DCIS are associated with distinct genomic changes. These regions of chromosomal alterations may be potential targets for treatment and/or markers of prognosis.
Influence of smoking on contralateral suppression of distortion product otoacoustic emissions

Abstract The present study attempted to determine the influence of smoking on contralateral suppression of distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAE). It was attempted to determine the differences in the amount of contralateral suppression of DPOAE between smokers and non-smokers. In addition, correlation was also determined among duration of smoking, frequency of smoking and number of cigarettes per day on contralateral suppression of DPOAE. The study was carried out on 25 smokers and non-smokers. The results of the study showed that the amount of suppression was reduced in smokers at all the frequencies suggesting an efferent auditory system dysfunction. The increase in the duration of smoking, the frequency of smoking and the number of cigarattes smoked correlated negatively with the amount of suppression. This shows that chronic smoking habits increases the risk of efferent auditory damage. Thus, the present study highlights the ill-effects of smoking on efferent auditory system.
Type of Mask May Impact on Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Adherence in Apneic Patients

Rationale In obstructive sleep apnea patients (OSA), continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) adherence is crucial to improve symptoms and cardiometabolic outcomes. The choice of mask may influence CPAP adherence but this issue has never been addressed properly. Objective To evaluate the impact of nasal pillows, nasal and oronasal masks on CPAP adherence in a cohort of OSA. Methods Newly CPAP treated OSA participating in “Observatoire Sommeil de la Fédération de Pneumologie”, a French national prospective cohort, were included between March 2009 and December 2011. Anthropometric data, medical history, OSA severity, sleepiness, depressive status, treatment modalities (auto-CPAP versus fixed pressure, pressure level, interface type, use of humidifiers) and CPAP-related side effects were included in multivariate analysis to determine independent variables associated with CPAP adherence. Results 2311 OSA (age = 57(12) years, apnea+hypopnea index = 41(21)/h, 29% female) were included. Nasal masks, oronasal masks and nasal pillows were used by 62.4, 26.2 and 11.4% of the patients, respectively. In univariate analysis, oronasal masks and nasal pillows were associated with higher risk of CPAP non-adherence. CPAP non-adherence was also associated with younger age, female gender, mild OSA, gastroesophageal reflux, depression status, low effective pressure and CPAP-related side effects. In multivariate analysis, CPAP non-adherence was associated with the use of oronasal masks (OR = 2.0; 95%CI = 1.6; 2.5), depression, low effective pressure, and side effects. Conclusion As oronasal masks negatively impact on CPAP adherence, a nasal mask should be preferred as the first option. Patients on oronasal masks should be carefully followed.
Analysis of the communities of an urban mobile phone network

Being able to characterise the patterns of communications between individuals across different time scales is of great importance in understanding people’s social interactions. Here, we present a detailed analysis of the community structure of the network of mobile phone calls in the metropolitan area of Milan revealing temporal patterns of communications between people. We show that circadian and weekly patterns can be found in the evolution of communities, presenting evidence that these cycles arise not only at the individual level but also at that of social groups. Our findings suggest that these trends are present across a range of time scales, from hours to days and weeks, and can be used to detect socially relevant events.
REVISITING THE “FUNDAMENTAL PLANE” OF BLACK HOLE ACTIVITY AT EXTREMELY LOW LUMINOSITIES

We investigate the origin of the X-ray emission in low-luminosity active galactic nuclei (LLAGNs). Yuan and Cui predicted that the X-ray emission should originate from jets rather than an advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF) when the X-ray luminosity LX of the source is below a critical value of LX,crit ≈ 10−6LEdd. This prediction implies that the X-ray spectrum in such sources should be fitted by jets rather than ADAFs. Furthermore, below LX,crit the correlation between radio (LR) and X-ray (LX) luminosities and the black hole mass (M)—the so-called fundamental plane of black hole activity—should deviate from the general correlation obtained by Merloni et al. and become steeper. The Merloni et al. correlation is described by logLR = 0.6logLX + 0.78logM + 7.33, while the predicted correlation is logLR = 1.23logLX + 0.25logM − 13.45. We collect data from the literature to check the validity of these two expectations. We find that among the 16 LLAGNs with good X-ray and radio spectra, 13 are consistent with the Yuan and Cui prediction. For the 22 LLAGNs with LX < LX,crit, the fundamental plane correlation is described by logLR = 1.22logLX + 0.23logM − 12.46, also in excellent agreement with the prediction.
The Price of Admission: Organizational Deference as Strategic Behavior1

Why would market organizations engage in symbolic and material acts conveying appreciation and respect to other organizations that confirm their inferior position in an established hierarchy? The authors argue that deference is the price outsider organizations pay to pass categorical and symbolic boundaries and gain acceptance in contexts where insiders regard them as impure. Because not all organizations can or are willing to pay the price, deference varies according to positional, dispositional, and interactional characteristics. The authors examine and find support for the view of organizational deference as strategic behavior using empirical evidence on market finance organizations investing in film production in France over two decades. The analysis expands research on nonconflictual interactions and symbolic boundaries in market settings.
Temporal Landmarks: What Must Happen, and When

Current temporal planners have a hard time solving large, real-world problems which involve dealing with metric time and concurrent actions. While landmarks have enabled classical planners to scale up to significantly larger problems, they have not yet brought as much benefit to temporal planning. We argue that the reason for this is that for landmarks to make an effective addition to planning with complex temporal interactions (such as required concurrency), they must incorporate information about the timing of conditions and events. We define temporal landmarks, which associate time intervals and time points, respectively, with state and action landmarks, thereby capturing both what must happen and when it must happen. We show how to derive temporal landmarks and constraints on their associated time points from planning problems, and how exploiting them, in a planner-independent way, can improve planner performance. Notably, the greatest gain is on problems which require concurrency, showing that the temporal information we add to landmarks complements the reasoning used by current temporal planners.
The safety and efficacy of recombinant human blood coagulation factor IX in previously untreated patients with severe or moderately severe hemophilia B.

This international clinical trial evaluated the safety and efficacy of recombinant factor IX (rFIX) in previously untreated patients (PUPs) with severe or moderately severe hemophilia B (FIX activity, < or = 3 IU/dL). Sixty-three PUPs aged younger than 1 month to 14 years received rFIX (median treatment duration, 37 months; range, 4-64 months). Mean rFIX recovery (0.68 +/- 0.27 IU/dL per IU/kg) remained constant over 5 years and was similar in infants (1 month to < 2 years) and children (2 to < 12 years). Fifty-four PUPs used rFIX (median dose, 62.7 IU/kg per infusion; range, 8.2-292 IU/kg) to treat 997 hemorrhages. Bleeding was well controlled, with 75% of hemorrhages requiring only one rFIX infusion. Response to rFIX was "excellent" or "good" in 94% of cases. Effective hemostasis was achieved in 32 PUPs receiving rFIX for routine prophylaxis, with 91% of prophylaxis responses rated "excellent. " rFIX administered for 30 surgical procedures in 23 PUPs achieved hemostasis for all rated procedures. Five patients experienced allergic-type manifestations, including 2 (3%) patients who developed FIX inhibitors (both > 5 BU/dL). rFIX was well tolerated, with no associated thrombotic events or evidence of viral transmission. These data indicate that rFIX is a safe and effective treatment for PUPs with hemophilia B.
Out-of-Control Sexual Behavior as a Symptom of Insecure Attachment in Men

Out-of-control sexual behavior (OCSB) is often misunderstood. To gain a better understanding of its underlying dynamics, this study explored the relationships between insecure attachment and OCSB in men. Online surveys measured OCSB (Hypersexual Behavior Inventory [HBI]) and attachment style (Experiences in Close Relationships Short Form [ECR–S]) in 45 men who presented with OCSB and 32 men who did not. Multivariate analysis indicated that high ECR–S scores predicted high HBI scores and clinical determination of OCSB, which in turn predicted attachment-avoidant behavior. Avoidant behavior was a better predictor of OCSB than attachment anxiety, suggesting that OCSB might be a manifestation of avoidant attachment. Implications for practice are offered.
Structural basis of the Methanothermobacter thermautotrophicus MCM helicase activity

The MCM complex from the archaeon Methanother-mobacter thermautotrophicus is a model for the eukaryotic MCM2-7 helicase. We present electron-microscopy single-particle reconstructions of a DNA treated M.thermautotrophicus MCM sample and a ADP·AlFx treated sample, respectively assembling as double hexamers and double heptamers. The electron-density maps display an unexpected asymmetry between the two rings, suggesting that large conformational changes can occur within the complex. The structure of the MCM N-terminal domain, as well as the AAA+ and the C-terminal HTH dom-ains of ZraR can be fitted into the reconstructions. Distinct configurations can be modelled for the AAA+ and the HTH domains, suggesting the nature of the conformational change within the complex. The pre-sensor 1 and the helix 2 insertions, important for the activity, can be located pointing towards the centre of the channel in the presence of DNA. We propose a mechanistic model for the helicase activity, based on a ligand-controlled rotation of the AAA+ subunits.
Fear of falling and its relationship to depression and anxiety in older adults living in the community and in extended care facilities in Australia

One of the most common psychological costs of falls in older adults is the development of a fear of falling, which can then result in an increased risk of future falls. The purpose of this research was to examine the relationships between fear of falling and two of the most common psychological disorders in later life; depression and anxiety. To extend on previous research, study one aimed to investigate the relationships between fear of falling, depression and anxiety in an Australian community-dwelling population using quantitative analysis. Due to the limited number of studies examining fear of falling in the extended care population, study two was an exploratory investigation of the above relationships in this population using both quantitative and qualitative analysis. A total of 80 community-dwelling older adults and 47 extended care older adults completed the questionnaires. A further 12 older adults participated in the interviews. The findings, overall, extended on previous research, where anxiety was consistently associated with fear of falling constructs in both the community and extended care populations. In contrast, associations between fear or falling and depression were variable within and across studies, depending on the fear of falling measurement that was used. In addition, an important finding from the qualitative analysis revealed that older adults may view their feelings as a “concern” rather than a “fear”, supporting recent suggestions to revise how fear of falling is described. The clinical implications were discussed in terms of the importance for clinicians who work with older adults with mood disorders to screen for fear of falling and address this in clinical interventions. Furthermore, results suggest that assessment should include both an interview and questionnaires in order to capture all fall-related psychological concerns.
ComcuteJS: A Web Browser Based Platform for Large-scale Computations

The paper presents a new, cost eﬀective, volunteer computing based platform.It utilizes volunteers’ web browsers as computational nodes. The computationaltasks are delegated to the browsers and executed in the background (indepen-dently of any user interface scripts) making use of the HTML5 web workerstechnology. The capabilities of the platform have been proved by experimentsperformed in a wide range of numbers of computational nodes (1–400).
Distributed computability in Byzantine asynchronous systems

In this work, we extend the topology-based approach for characterizing computability in asynchronous crash-failure distributed systems to asynchronous Byzantine systems. We give the first theorem with necessary and sufficient conditions to solve arbitrary tasks in asynchronous Byzantine systems where an adversary chooses faulty processes. For colorless tasks, an important subclass of distributed problems, the general result reduces to an elegant model that effectively captures the relation between the number of processes, the number of failures, as well as the topological structure of the task's simplicial complexes.
Performance Evaluation of AODV and DYMO Routing Protocols in MANET

Routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) have been explored extensively in recent years. Among these routing protocols, Ad Hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Dynamic Manet On-demand (DYMO) routing protocols have been standardized by the IETF MANET WG and are the most popular reactive routing protocols for MANETs. Therefore, in this paper, we present the results of the comparison of two reactive routing protocols, namely AODV and DYMO, based on packet-level simulations using an ns-2 simulator. Simulations are run to estimate the total throughput, routing overhead, and average packet size of the routing control packets.
Methylation profile in tumor and sputum samples of lung cancer patients detected by spiral computed tomography: A nested case–control study

We evaluated the aberrant promoter methylation profile of a panel of 3 genes in DNA from tumor and sputum samples, in view of a complementary approach to spiral computed tomography (CT) for early diagnosis of lung cancer. The aberrant promoter methylation of RARβ2, p16INK4A and RASSF1A genes was evaluated by methylation‐specific PCR in tumor samples of 29 CT‐detected lung cancer patients, of which 18 had tumor‐sputum pairs available for the analysis, and in the sputum samples from 112 cancer‐free heavy smokers enrolled in a spiral CT trial. In tumor samples from 29 spiral CT‐detected patients, promoter hypermethylation was identified in 19/29 (65.5%) cases for RARβ2, 12/29 (41.4%) for p16INK4A and 15/29 (51.7%) for RASSF1A. Twenty‐three of twenty‐nine (79.3%) samples of the tumors exhibited methylation in at least 1 gene. In the sputum samples of 18 patients, methylation was detected in 8/18 (44.4%) for RARβ2 and 1/18 (5%) for both RASSF1A and p16INK4A. At least 1 gene was methylated in 9/18 (50%) sputum samples. Promoter hypermethylation in sputum from 112 cancer‐free smokers was observed in 58/112 (51.7%) for RARβ2 and 20/112 (17.8%) for p16, whereas methylation of the RASSF1A gene was found in only 1/112 (0.9%) sputum sample. Our study indicates that a high frequency of hypermethylation for RARβ2, p16INK4A and RASSF1A promoters is present in spiral CT‐detected tumors, whereas promoter hypermethylation of this panel of genes in uninduced sputum has a limited diagnostic value in early lung cancer detection. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Commutator estimates, Besov spaces and scattering problems for the acoustic wave propagation in perturbed stratified fluids

Mourre's commutator method is used together with Besov spaces, in this paper, to settle the question of uniqueness of solutions to the scattering problem for the acoustic wave propagation in perturbed stratified fluids in Rn with n [ges ] 2: The uniqueness of solutions is established by introducing a radiation condition in the framework of Besov spaces, and is then used to prove resolvent estimates in the Besov space setting for the acoustic propagator in perturbed stratified fluids. These estimates are ‘sharp’ in a sense made precise in the text and are important in establishing existence of solutions to the scattering problem.
Attacking Anonymous Web Browsing at Local Area Networks Through Browsing Dynamics

The majority of current anonymous systems focus on improving anonymity at the network and website level in order to defend against traffic analysis attacks. However, the vulnerability of the connections between end users and the anonymous network do not attract any attention yet. For the first time, we reveal an end user browsing dynamics based attack on anonymous browsing systems at the LAN where the victim locates. This new attack method is fundamentally different from existing attack methodologies. In general, web surfers browse the web following certain patterns, such as requesting a web page, viewing it and requesting another page. The browsing pattern of a victim can be clearly observed by a local adversary when the victim is viewing the web without protection. Unfortunately, browsing dynamics releases rich information for attacking even though the web page content is encrypted. In order to show how a local eavesdropper can decipher which pages have been viewed with the knowledge of user browsing dynamics and the public information of a given website, we established a specific hidden Markov model to represent browsing dynamics for the website. By using this model, we can then identify the optimal of the accessed pages using the Viterbi algorithm. In order to confirm the effectiveness of the revealed attack method, we have conducted extensive experiments on a real data set. The results demonstrated that the attack accuracy can be more than 80%. A few possible counter-attack strategies are discussed at the end of the paper.
3.6-GHz 0.2-mW/ch/GHz 65-nm cross-correlator for synthetic aperture radiometry

A high-speed low-power cross-correlator ASIC has been implemented in a 65-nm CMOS process for the purpose of synthetic aperture radiometry from geostationary orbiting earth observation satellites. The chip performs cross-correlation on all individual signal pairs from 64 digital 1-bit inputs, which amounts to 2016 individual cross-correlation products. The experimental evaluation, using a specially developed PCB, demonstrates that the 3-mm2 chip has a top performance of 3.6 GHz at a 1.2 V supply, at which it dissipates 790 mW.