Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DNA ploidy and cell cycle distribution of breast cancer aspirate cells measured by image cytometry and analyzed by artificial neural networks for their prognostic significance

Chromosomal abnormalities are commonly associated with cancer, and their importance in the pathogenesis of the disease has been well recognized. Also recognized in recent years is the possibility that, together with chromosomal abnormalities, DNA ploidy of breast cancer aspirate cells, measured by image cytometric techniques, may correlate with prognosis of the disease. Here, we have examined the use of an artificial neural network to predict: 1) subclinical metastatic disease in the regional lymph nodes and 2) histological assessment, through the analysis of data obtained by image cytometric techniques of fine needle aspirates of breast tumors. The cellular features considered were: 1) DNA ploidy measured in terms of nuclear DNA content as well as by cell cycle distribution; 2) size of the S-phase fraction; and 3) nuclear pleomorphism. A further objective of the study was to analyze individual markers in terms of impact significance on predicting outcome in both cases. DNA ploidy, indicated by cell cycle distribution, was found markedly to influence the prediction of nodal spread of breast cancer, and nuclear pleomorphism to a lesser degree. Furthermore, a comparison between histological assessment and artificial neural network prediction shows a closer correlation between the neural approach and the development of further metastases as indicated in subsequent follow-up, than does histological assessment.
The Effect of Market Orientation and Organizational Flexibility on Corporate Entrepreneurship

Corporate entrepreneurship (CE), flexibility (F), and market orientation (MO) are being recognized as key success factors in our increasingly competitive, global economy. This study builds a model (CEFMO) and examines the relationships among these factors and the relationship between these variables and business performance. All of these factors are controllable by management. Practical application of this research can lead to increased effectiveness for the firm and benefits for the firm's stakeholders.
Stable forms and special metrics

We show how certain diffeomorphism-invariant functionals on differential forms in dimensions 6,7 and 8 generate in a natural way special geometrical structures in these dimensions: metrics of holonomy G2 and Spin(7), metrics with weak holonomy SU(3) and G2, and a new and unexplored example in dimension 8. The general formalism becomes a practical tool for calculating homogeneous or cohomogeneity one examples, and we illustrate this with some newly discovered cases of Spin(7) and G2 metrics.
Glucose Transporter (GLUT-4) Is Targeted to Secretory Granules in Rat Atrial Cardiomyocytes

The insulin-responsive glucose transporter GLUT-4 is found in muscle and fat cells in the transGolgi reticulum (TGR) and in an intracellular tubulovesicular compartment, from where it undergoes insulindependent movement to the cell surface. To examine the relationship between these GLUT-4–containing compartments and the regulated secretory pathway we have localized GLUT-4 in atrial cardiomyocytes. This cell type secretes an antihypertensive hormone, referred to as the atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), in response to elevated blood pressure. We show that GLUT-4 is targeted in the atrial cell to the TGR and a tubulo-vesicular compartment, which is morphologically and functionally indistinguishable from the intracellular GLUT-4 compartment found in other types of myocytes and in fat cells, and in addition to the ANF secretory granules. Forming ANF granules are present throughout all Golgi cisternae but only become GLUT4 positive in the TGR. The inability of cyclohexamide treatment to effect the TGR localization of GLUT-4 indicates that GLUT-4 enters the ANF secretory granules at the TGR via the recycling pathway and not via the biosynthetic pathway. These data suggest that a large proportion of GLUT-4 must recycle via the TGR in insulin-sensitive cells. It will be important to determine if this is the pathway by which the insulin-regulatable tubulo-vesicular compartment is formed.
SNOWWEB - Wirelessly connected weather stations in Antarctica

Antarctica is a harsh and challenging continent to study, particularly with regard to scientific equipment. This paper presents SNOWWEB, a Wireless Sensor Network equipped with environmental sensors designed to capture distributed meteorological measurements in Antarctica and report them in real-time to a base station. To accomplish this we used XBee Pro S2B transceivers utilising the ZigBee standard. Combined with high gain omnidirectional antennae we were able to establish reliable multi-hop links with inter-node distances spanning up to 10 km during testing in Antarctica in January 2013. Over a one week period we experienced exceptional network performance, despite a snowstorm, with all stations reporting as expected.
Multiculturalism in Australia: Enhancing social harmony and equality of opportunity

This dissertation assesses the efficacy of multicultural policy and argues in favour of such policies in the Australian context by an exploration of relevant literature and data. In 1972, multiculturalism ended the previous policies of assimilation and integration, and required that all members of society have equal rights to realise their potential while being able to maintain their culture. The Galbally Report (1978) identified the underlying principles of Australian multiculturalism and focussed on the equality of all members of Australian society to have equal access to programs and services. There has been debate surrounding the effectiveness of multiculturalism and whether multiculturalism in Australia is an ideological policy vision or merely a description of society. This ‘post-multicultural’ period is a legacy of the previous Howard Government, which endures in the form of the present government’s ‘watered down’ multicultural policy. Most post-multiculturalism literature describes multiculturalism as mainly a feel-good celebration of diversity which tends to ignore socioeconomic inequalities and can trivialise cultural differences. It has also been argued that multiculturalism can polarise society into ethnic and native groups. Multiculturalism can be described as a state-based socio-political policy approach which responds to the ethnic diversification of a society and any potentially negative socio-political and economic consequences arising from increased ethnic diversity. Australia cannot return to being a uni-cultural society and therefore government policy and programs must continue to cater to the needs of an ethnically and culturally diverse society. In Australia’s experience, having a multicultural policy, by working with ethnic diversity rather than enforcing social and cultural uniformity, has been more effective at fostering the wellbeing of individuals and social harmony. This dissertation adds a positive perspective to the discussion of multiculturalism in Australia. This dissertation also proposes a modification to the conceptual basis of multicultural policy development at the Commonwealth government level which will address concerns over any shortcomings of multiculturalism.
“Life on Hold”: A Qualitative Study of Patient Experiences with Outpatient Commitment in Two Norwegian Counties

In recent decades, outpatient commitment orders have been increasingly used in the follow-up of persons with serious mental disorders. Most studies on outpatient commitment orders have focused on compliance and consumption of health care services; there is little research on the content of outpatient commitment orders from a patient perspective. The aim of this study is to examine patients’ experiences of living with outpatient commitment orders, and is based on qualitative interviews with 16 persons in two Norwegian counties. The data were analysed using a constructivist, interpretive approach to the grounded theory method. The main finding was that patients with outpatient commitment orders felt that their lives were on hold. The feeling of being seen only as patients prevented them from taking responsibility for their own lives. The medical context was perceived as an obstacle to recovery and transition to a more normal life. Patients’ daily lives were dominated by the agenda set by health care providers and many said they were subjected to control measures that resulted in a reduced quality of life. However, informants also spoke of positive experiences as outpatient commitment order patients, such as feeling safe and secure and having easy access to health care staff and services.
The effect of authoritative school climate on students academic achievement

This study was conducted to determine the effectiveness of authoritative school climate, particularly the disciplinary structure and student support, on student academic achievement. The study adopted a quantitative approach and a sample survey method. 200 students were selected from two secondary schools in Zone 5 Kinta Utara, Ipoh using a systematic sampling method. Multiple linear regressions were used to test the proposed hypotheses. The results show that the student supports have a significant and positive effect on the student’s academic achievement, but not disciplinary structure. Accordingly, to boost student achievement, the school administrators should adopt authoritative school climate, specifically by embedding the student support culture among all school teachers and support staffs. Despite the results provide insights on the significance of the authoritative school climate to increase student achievement, this study is subjected to some limitations, which require improvement and replication in the future studies.
Hub-Spoke Network Choice Under Competition with an Application to Western Europe

The aim of this paper is to present a model structure that analyzes the hub-spoke network design issue within a competitive framework. Under deregulation, airlines have developed hub-and-spoke networks, enabling them to increase frequency by aggregating demand and to prevent entry into the marketplace by reducing airfares. While liberalization in the United States and Europe was undertaken to increase competition, the results in this direction are unclear. This research evaluates airline profits based on a microeconomic theory of airline behavior under deregulation and the effect on hub-and-spoke networks. Through a two-stage, Nash best-response game, we search for equilibria in the air transportation industry. The game is applied to Western Europe, where profitable hubs and monopolistic equilibria are clearly identifiable, and duopolistic equilibria are potentially viable, given sufficient demand.
What shall we teach our pants?

If a wearable device can register what the wearer is currently doing, it can anticipate and adjust its behavior to avoid redundant interaction with the user. However, the relevance and properties of the activities that should be recognized depend on both the application and the user. This requires an adaptive recognition of the activities where the user, instead of the designer, can teach the device what he/she is doing. As a case study we connected a pair of pants with accelerometers to a laptop to interpret the raw sensor data. Using a combination of machine learning techniques such as Kohonen maps and probabilistic models, we build a system that is able to learn activities while requiring minimal user attention.
Historical Comparison of Perfluorooctanesulfonate, Perfluorooctanoate, and Other Fluorochemicals in Human Blood

The purpose of this investigation was to determine whether there has been a change in the human blood concentration of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and five other fluorochemicals since 1974. Blood samples were collected in 1974 (serum) and 1989 (plasma) from volunteer participants of a large community health study. The study included a total of 356 samples (178 from each time period). These samples were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry methods. The median 1974 and 1989 fluorochemical concentrations, respectively, were as follows: PFOS, 29.5 ng/mL vs. 34.7 ng/mL; PFOA, 2.3 ng/mL vs. 5.6 ng/mL; perfluorohexanesulfonate (PFHS), 1.6 ng/mL vs. 2.4 ng/mL; and N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetate (PFOSAA), less than the lower limit of quantitation (LLOQ; 1.6 ng/mL, vs. 3.4 ng/mL). For N-methyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetate (M570), perfluorooctanesulfonamide, and perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetate, median serum concentrations in both years were less than the LLOQ values (1.0, 1.0, and 2.5 ng/mL, respectively). Statistical analysis of 58 paired samples indicated that serum concentrations of PFOS, PFOSAA, PFOA, PFHS, and M570 were significantly (p < 0.001) higher in 1989 than in 1974. The data from 1989 were then compared with geometric mean fluorochemical concentrations of serum samples collected in 2001 from 108 American Red Cross adult blood donors from the same region. Except for M570, there were no statistically significant (p < 0.05) geometric mean fluorochemical concentration differences between the 1989 and 2001 samples. In conclusion, based on this study population, PFOS and other serum fluorochemical concentrations have increased between 1974 and 1989. Comparison with other regional data collected in 2001 did not suggest a continued increase in concentrations since 1989.
Learning Sentimental Influences from Users' Behaviors

Modeling interpersonal influence on different sentimental polarities is a fundamental problem in opinion formation and viral marketing. There has not been seen an effective solution for learning sentimental influences from users' behaviors yet. Previous related works on information propagation directly define interpersonal influence between each pair of users as a parameter, which is independent from each others, even if the influences come from or affect the same user. And influences are learned from user's propagation behaviors, namely temporal cascades, while sentiments are not associated with them. Thus we propose to model the interpersonal influence by latent influence and susceptibility matrices defined on individual users and sentiment polarities. Such low-dimensional and distributed representations naturally make the interpersonal influences related to the same user coupled with each other, and in turn, reduce the model complexity. Sentiments act on different rows of parameter matrices, depicting their effects in modeling cascades. With the iterative optimization algorithm of projected stochastic gradient descent over shuffled mini-batches and Adadelta update rule, negative cases are repeatedly sampled with the distribution of infection frequencies users, for reducing computation cost and optimization imbalance. Experiments are conducted on Microblog dataset. The results show that our model achieves better performance than the state-of-the-art and pair-wise models. Besides, analyzing the distribution of learned users' sentimental influences and susceptibilities results some interesting discoveries.
Dissection of the protostellar envelope surrounding IRAS 05173-0555 in L1634

Context. The youngest protostars that power energetic outflows are surrounded by infalling and rotating envelopes that contain most of the mass of the system. Aims. We study the properties and kinematics of the protostellar envelope surrounding the embedded source IRAS 05173-0555 in L1634. Methods. We carried out VLA ammonia observations at 1.3 cm with the VLA in the D configuration to map the gas towards the core of L1634. Results. The NH 3 emission towards IRAS 05173-0555 is resolved and shows two components that are clearly distinguishable morphologically: a cross-like structure, roughly elongated in the direction of the HH 240/241 outflow and associated with IRAS 05173-0555, plus an arc-like stream elongated towards the north. The properties and kinematics of the gas suggest that the origin of the cross-like morphology could be the interaction between the outflow and the envelope. A more compact and flattened structure, which could be undergoing rotation about the axis of the outflow, has been detected towards the center of the cross-like envelope. The northern stream, which has properties and velocity that are different from those of the cross-like envelope, is likely part of the original cloud envelope, and could be a quiescent core that may never form stars, or instead be in a prestellar phase.
Inflating in a Better Racetrack

We present a new version of our racetrack inflation scenario which, unlike our original proposal, is based on an explicit compactification of type IIB string theory: the Calabi-Yau manifold 4[1,1,1,6,9]. The axion-dilaton and all complex structure moduli are stabilized by fluxes. The remaining 2 Kahler moduli are stabilized by a nonperturbative superpotential, which has been explicitly computed. For this model we identify situations for which a linear combination of the axionic parts of the two Kahler moduli acts as an inflaton. As in our previous scenario, inflation begins at a saddle point of the scalar potential and proceeds as an eternal topological inflation. For a certain range of inflationary parameters, we obtain the COBE-normalized spectrum of metric perturbations and an inflationary scale of M = 3 × 1014 GeV. We discuss possible changes of parameters of our model and argue that anthropic considerations favor those parameters that lead to a nearly flat spectrum of inflationary perturbations, which in our case is characterized by the spectral index ns = 0.95.
Feature detection and tracking with the dynamic and active-pixel vision sensor (DAVIS)

Because standard cameras sample the scene at constant time intervals, they do not provide any information in the blind time between subsequent frames. However, for many high-speed robotic and vision applications, it is crucial to provide high-frequency measurement updates also during this blind time. This can be achieved using a novel vision sensor, called DAVIS, which combines a standard camera and an asynchronous event-based sensor in the same pixel array. The DAVIS encodes the visual content between two subsequent frames by an asynchronous stream of events that convey pixel-level brightness changes at microsecond resolution. We present the first algorithm to detect and track visual features using both the frames and the event data provided by the DAVIS. Features are first detected in the grayscale frames and then tracked asynchronously in the blind time between frames using the stream of events. To best take into account the hybrid characteristics of the DAVIS, features are built based on large, spatial contrast variations (i.e., visual edges), which are the source of most of the events generated by the sensor. An event-based algorithm is further presented to track the features using an iterative, geometric registration approach. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated on real data acquired by the DAVIS.
Clinical Characteristics of Preschool Children with Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Callous-Unemotional Traits

There is a need to know whether callous-unemotional (CU) traits identify a more severe group of oppositional defiant children (ODD). The aim of this study is to ascertain cross-sectionally and longitudinally the specific contribution of CU levels and the presence of ODD in the psychological state of preschool children from the general population. A total of 622 children were assessed longitudinally at ages 3 and 5 with a semi-structured diagnostic interview and questionnaires filled out by parents and teachers. In multivariate models simultaneously including ODD diagnosis and CU levels, controlling by socioeconomic status, ethnicity, sex, severity of conduct disorder symptoms and other comorbidity, high CU scores were related to higher levels of aggression, withdrawn, externalizing and global symptomatology, functional impairment and higher probability of comorbid disorders and use of services. The contribution of CU traits on children’s psychological state was not moderated by the presence/absence of ODD. Stability for CU traits and number of ODD-symptoms between ages 3 and 5 was statistically significant but moderate-low (intra-class correlation under .40). Assessment and identification of CU traits from preschool might help to identify a subset of children who could have socialization problems, not only among those with ODD but also among those without a diagnosis of conduct problems.
The Surface Density of Extremely Red Objects

We present initial results from a field survey for extremely red objects [EROs, defined here as (R-K') ≥ 6 mag] covering 154 arcmin2 of sky, from the first of seven deep, wide-field K' images obtained as part of the Calar Alto Deep Imaging Survey (CADIS). The 5 σ point source detection limits are K′ = 20.5 mag and R = 25.0 mag, while extended-source limits are up to 0.50-0.75 mag brighter. We identify a total of eight bright EROs with K′ ≤ 19.0 mag. Six of these bright EROs are resolved and are likely to be galaxies, while the remaining two are unresolved, with colors consistent with their being low-mass galactic stars. We derive a surface density for the six bright, extragalactic EROs of 0.039±0.016 arcmin-2, which is higher by a factor of 4 than previous values. We estimate that the volume density of bright EROs to be as high as that of nearby Seyfert galaxies.
Tamoxifen Is Effective in the Treatment of Leishmania amazonensis Infections in Mice

Background Chemotherapy is still a critical issue in the management of leishmaniasis. Until recently, pentavalent antimonials, amphotericin B or pentamidine compounded the classical arsenal of treatment. All these drugs are toxic and have to be administered by the parenteral route. Tamoxifen has been used as an antiestrogen in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer for many years. Its safety and pharmacological profiles are well established in humans. We have shown that tamoxifen is active as an antileishmanial compound in vitro, and in this paper we analyzed the efficacy of tamoxifen for the treatment of mice infected with Leishmania amazonensis, an etiological agent of localized cutaneous leishmaniasis and the main cause of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in South America. Methodology/Principal Findings BALB/c mice were infected with L. amazonensis promastigotes. Five weeks post-infection, treatment with 15 daily intraperitoneal injections of 20 mg/kg tamoxifen was administered. Lesion and ulcer sizes were recorded and parasite burden quantified by limiting dilution. A significant decrease in lesion size and ulcer development was noted in mice treated with tamoxifen as compared to control untreated animals. Parasite burden in the inoculation site at the end of treatment was reduced from 108.5±0.7 in control untreated animals to 105.0±0.0 in tamoxifen-treated mice. Parasite load was also reduced in the draining lymph nodes. The reduction in parasite number was sustained: 6 weeks after the end of treatment, 1015.5±0.5 parasites were quantified from untreated animals, as opposed to 105.1±0.1 parasites detected in treated mice. Conclusions/Significance Treatment of BALB/c mice infected with L. amazonensis for 15 days with tamoxifen resulted in significant decrease in lesion size and parasite burden. BALB/c mice infected with L. amazonensis represents a model of extreme susceptibility, and the striking and sustained reduction in the number of parasites in treated animals supports the proposal of further testing of this drug in other models of leishmaniasis.