Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
From the functions of music to music preference

To date, not much is known about how the functions of music relate to music preference. This article examines the basic hypothesis that the strength of preference for a given kind of music depends on the degree to which that kind of music serves the needs of the listener; that is, how well the respective functions of music are fulfilled. Study 1, a pilot study, identified the best-known musical styles of the participants, yielding 25 styles that were known by at least 10 percent of them. Study 2 used these 25 styles and found that rock, pop and classical music were liked most. A factor analysis yielded six distinct dimensions of music preference. People showed great variation in the strength of preference for their favourite music. This is explained by the impact of different functions of music. The potential of music to express people's identity and values and to bring them together was most closely related to the strength of preference. However, the reasons for liking a particular style are not congruent with the functions that people ascribe to their favourite music in general. A theoretical model of the development of music preferences is suggested.
Effects of Social Capital in Multiple Contexts on the Psychosocial Adjustment of Chinese Migrant Children

Drawing upon a sample of 772 migrant children and their parents in Shanghai, China, this study used an ecological framework to investigate how social capital embedded in a range of social contexts (i.e., family, school, peer, and community) influenced the psychosocial adjustment of Chinese migrant children. Using structural equation modeling with latent variables, the study results suggested that higher levels of family, school, and peer social capital were all associated with better psychosocial adjustment of migrant children, with school social capital showing the strongest effect. In addition, these three dimensions of social capital also mediated the effect of community social capital on children’s psychosocial adjustment. Implications of these findings for theory, practice, and future research were discussed.
The role of homeostatic regulation between tumor suppressor DAB2IP and oncogenic Skp2 in prostate cancer growth

Altered DAB2IP gene expression often detected in prostate cancer (PCa) is due to epigenetic silencing. In this study, we unveil a new mechanism leading to the loss of DAB2IP protein; an oncogenic S-phase kinase-associated protein-2 (Skp2) as E3 ubiquitin ligase plays a key regulator in DAB2IP degradation. In order to unveil the role of Skp2 in the turnover of DAB2IP protein, both prostate cell lines and prostate cancer specimens with a variety of molecular and cell biologic techniques were employed. We demonstrated that DAB2IP is regulated by Skp2-mediated proteasome degradation in the prostate cell lines. Further analyses identified the N-terminal DAB2IP containing the ubiquitination site. Immunohistochemical study exhibited an inverse correlation between DAB2IP and Skp2 protein expression in the prostate cancer tissue microarray. In contrast, DAB2IP can suppress Skp2 protein expression is mediated through Akt signaling. The reciprocal regulation between DAB2IP and Skp2 can impact on the growth of PCa cells. This reciprocal regulation between DAB2IP and Skp2 protein represents a unique homeostatic balance between tumor suppressor and oncoprotein in normal prostate epithelia, which is apparently altered in cancer cells. The outcome of this study has identified new potential targets for developing new therapeutic strategy for PCa.
Bildungssprachliche Anforderungen und Hörverstehen bei Kindern mit deutscher und nicht-deutscher Familiensprache

Ausgehend von theoretischen Uberlegungen zum Konzept der Bildungssprache untersucht die vorliegende Studie, ob sich fur Kinder mit nicht-deutscher Familiensprache im Vergleich zu Kindern mit deutscher Familiensprache bei der Verarbeitung von Bildungssprache besonders ausgepragte Leistungsnachteile ergeben. Im Rahmen eines experimentellen Designs bearbeiteten 1053 Grundschulerinnen und Grundschuler unterschiedlicher sprachlicher Herkunft Horverstehensaufgaben, deren Stimulustexte sich systematisch hinsichtlich bestimmter lexikalischer und grammatischer Merkmale der Bildungssprache unterschieden. Mehrebenenanalytisch zeigte sich, dass die Horverstehensleistungen der Schulerinnen und Schuler mit nicht-deutscher Familiensprache unabhangig von der sprachlichen Komplexitat der Texte geringer waren als die Leistungen der monolingual deutschsprachigen Schulerinnen und Schuler. Jedoch erzielten auch Kinder mit deutschem Sprachhintergrund bei Texten mit einem bildungssprachlich gepragten Wortschatz geringere Leistu.
Instructional Rounds as a professional learning model for systemic implementation of Assessment for Learning

The purpose of this research was to examine the implementation of a professional learning project aimed at building educators’ knowledge and skills in assessment for learning (AfL) within two school districts in Ontario, Canada. Specifically, the research examined the value of a two-tier Instructional Rounds (IR) professional learning model. This professional learning model was unique because it engaged both teachers and principals in collaboratively learning and implementing AfL strategies in order to develop systemic capacity in assessment. In total, 12 principals, 48 teachers, two superintendents and two school district assessment consultants participated in the study. Data were collected through observations of IR sessions, classroom observations, interviews, IR session reflections and a post-project survey. Findings from this study report on positive changes in teachers’ and principals’ conceptions and implementation of AfL as well as on the value and challenges of IR as a professional learning model. The paper concludes with a discussion on developing systemic capacity in AfL through an IR model of professional learning.
The relationship between age and cognitive impairment in HIV‐1 infection

Article abstract–Previous studies have identified age as a risk factor for many neurologic disorders, and a “cerebral reserve” factor has been postulated to explain these findings. This study examined whether age represents a risk factor for HIV-1-related neuropsychological dysfunction. Subjects for study 1 were primarily asymptomatic seropositive (n = 1,066) and seronegative (n = 1,004) nonelderly male community volunteers who completed neuropsychological and reaction time measures. Data analyses revealed a significant effect for age on reaction time and timed neuropsychological measures, but no interaction between age and serostatus. Study 2, employing a similar neuropsychological battery, consisted of 76 seropositive men (29 over age 55) recruited from community outpatient clinics and 47 seronegative controls. We found serostatus and age to have main effects on a number of measures, but a trend for an effect of age-serostatus interaction on only one measure.
Circulating and thymic CD4+ CD25+ T regulatory cells in myasthenia gravis: effect of immunosuppressive treatment

Accumulating evidence indicates an immunosuppressive role of the thymus‐derived CD4+ T‐cell population constitutively expressing high level of CD25, T regulatory (Treg) cells, in autoimmune diseases. Here we show that the number of Treg cells in the blood is significantly lower in untreated myasthenia gravis patients than in age‐matched healthy subjects, whereas it is normal or elevated in patients on immunosuppressive therapy (prednisone frequently associated with azathioprine). Therapeutic thymectomy (Tx) for either the thymoma or non‐neoplastic thymic alterations that are often associated with myasthenia gravis provided unique material for studying intrathymic Treg cells and correlating them with their peripheral counterparts. We observed that Tx prevents the increase of Treg cells in the circulation that follows immunosuppressive therapy (particularly evident if the thymus is not neoplastic), indicating that the thymus contributes to Treg‐cell normalization. However, thymic Treg cells are not modulated by immunosuppressive therapy and even in thymectomized patients Treg‐cell numbers in the blood eventually recover. The present findings suggest that a deficiency in Treg cells favours the development of myasthenia gravis and that their normalization is an important clinical benefit of immunosuppressive therapy. Treg normalization appears to be largely thymus independent and possibly reflects the reported capacity of corticosteroids to promote Treg‐cell development.
The Politics of Trust: Drama education and the ethic of care La politique de la confiance: Education par le the´atre et l'e´thique de la responsabilite´ La Política de la Confianza: La educación del arte dramático y la ética del cuidado

This theoretical paper explores a key concept in drama education, that of trust. It has been taken as read that drama, as a collaborative art form, requires participants to develop relationships of trust. However, on a theoretical level, quite what is meant by trust, and relationships of trust, is more ambiguous. By providing a theoretical basis for trust, this paper aims to demystify the practice of trust in relation to drama education. Challenging the history of liberal thought, which regarded all sentiments as equally morally trustworthy, it is argued that trust is dependent on context and is continually negotiated and re-negotiated in action, as a performative act. Cet article théorique explore un concept clé de l'éducation théâtrale, celui de la confiance. On considère comme allant de soi que le théâtre, en tant que forme d'art de collaboration, demande à ceux qui y prennent part de développer des relations de confiance. Cependant, à un niveau théorique, ce qu'on veut dire par confiance, et par relations de confiance, demeure assez ambigu. En fournissant une base théorique sur la confiance, cet article vise à démystifier la pratique de la confiance en relation à l'éducation théâtrale. Interrogeant l'histoire de la pensée libérale qui considérait tous les sentiments comme également digne de confiance moralement, les auteurs maintiennent que la confiance dépend du contexte et est continuellement négociée et renégociée en pratique, pendant l'acte qu'acte performatif. Este ensayo teórico explora un concepto clave en la educación del arte dramático: el de la confianza. Se da por sentado que el arte dramático, como forma de arte colaborativo, requiere un desarrollo de la confianza por parte de sus participantes. Sin embargo, desde un punto de vist teórico, lo que se entiende por confianza y relaciones de confianza es mucho más ambiguo. Dando una base teórica del concepto de confianza, el objetivo de este ensayo es desmitificar la práctica de la confianza en relación con la enseñanza en el arte dramático. Desafiando la historia del pensamiento liberal, el cual consideraba todos los sentimientos igualmente fiables desde el punto de vista moral, se discute el hecho de que la confianza depende del contexto, y se negocia y renegocia con cada nueva acción como una actuación artística.
Denial of illness in anorexia nervosa—a conceptual review: part 1 diagnostic significance and assessment

Objective: To analyse in a systematic way the concept of denial of illness in anorexia nervosa, especially (part 1) with regard to its clinical and diagnostic significance. Method: A detailed review of the available literature on the subject. Results: There is no consensus on the diagnostic significance of denial of illness but many clinicians consider it an important feature in the differentiation of anorexia nervosa from other forms of weight loss. Denial is no mere lack of insight referring to a delusional disorder, but seems better understood as being part of an overvalued idea. The multidimensionality of the notion is reflected in the wide variety of attempts to assess denial in anorexics. No instrument has been found to be reliable and valid, mainly because most studies have been done with patients referred to a specialised centre. Most patients in the denial phase will either not be detected or avoid any health care. Discussion: Denial of illness is a serious stumbling block for both the detection and further clinical assessment of anorexia nervosa. The concept is in serious need of refinement in order to inspire more fruitful research. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association.
Fast Clustering and Topic Modeling Based on Rank-2 Nonnegative Matrix Factorization

The importance of unsupervised clustering and topic modeling is well recognized with ever-increasing volumes of text data. In this paper, we propose a fast method for hierarchical clustering and topic modeling called HierNMF2. Our method is based on fast Rank-2 nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) that performs binary clustering and an efficient node splitting rule. Further utilizing the final leaf nodes generated in HierNMF2 and the idea of nonnegative least squares fitting, we propose a new clustering/topic modeling method called FlatNMF2 that recovers a flat clustering/topic modeling result in a very simple yet significantly more effective way than any other existing methods. We implement highly optimized open source software in C++ for both HierNMF2 and FlatNMF2 for hierarchical and partitional clustering/topic modeling of document data sets. Substantial experimental tests are presented that illustrate significant improvements both in computational time as well as quality of solutions. We compare our methods to other clustering methods including K-means, standard NMF, and CLUTO, and also topic modeling methods including latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) and recently proposed algorithms for NMF with separability constraints. Overall, we present efficient tools for analyzing large-scale data sets, and techniques that can be generalized to many other data analytics problem domains.
Metaphor and Genre: The Presence and Role of Metaphor in the Building Review

The present paper is concerned with metaphors used by architects as illustrated in the genre of the building review. The analysis is done on a corpus of 95 texts drawn from six architectural design magazines, and focuses on (a) the grammatical instantiation of the metaphors, (b) the locus of occurrence within the genre's rhetorical structure, and (c) the purposes they fulfil in the genre. The conclusion is that architects make active use of both conceptual and image metaphors in order to fulfil the two defining purposes of the review genre, namely, describe and evaluate. In this sense, metaphor is regarded not only as a constitutive part of architects' jargon, but also as an important rhetorical device at the service of the goals of that specific discourse interaction (covering issues of writer-reader relationship and textual coherence and cohesion). Finally, the discussion also addresses the knotty issue of metaphor classification, and proposes a combination of cognitive and discourse procedures in order to approach the differences between metaphor types.
Linking Mentoring and Social Capital: Implications for Career and Organization Development

The problem and the solution. Although they emphasize the importance of social relationships, the literatures on mentoring and social capital are largely independent. This article explores the connections between social capital and mentoring. After reviewing the limited literature in which social capital theory has been explicitly used in the study of mentoring, the authors discuss key concepts that appear in both literatures, including outcomes, bad relationships, trust, and information.They conclude with implications for the practice of human resource development (HRD), with particular attention paid to the role of mentoring in broader social networks, issues related to formal and informal mentoring, and creating cultures that foster the development of relationships. Their review reveals that the integration mentoring and social capital concepts offers great promise to enhance career and organization development initiatives.
Planning for Children and Resolving Custodial Disputes: A Comment on the Think Tank Report

This comment praises the report from the AFCC Think Tank on Research, Policy, Practice, and Shared Parenting for its support for separating parents' active role in custody planning, its emphasis on both parents' involvement in postdissolution parenting when cooperation is possible and also its recognition of the destructive impact on children of interparental conflict. The comment also commends the report's highlighting the importance of social science research in informing policy in the area, while recognizing that research has little utility in resolving individual cases and is often subject to misuse both in courts and in the policy arena. My primary criticism of the report is its endorsement of the best interest of the child standard as the basis of individualized decisions by judges when parents fail to agree on custody plans. I argue that the application of the best interest standard is in tension with the goals and values of the report, promoting conflict between parents by inviting them to offer evidence of each other's deficiencies, undermining their future cooperation, and encouraging judges to rely inappropriately on mental health professionals who have little expertise to offer in this setting. Instead, I argue that the American Law Institute's (ALI) approximation standard, which allocates parents' future time sharing on the basis of their past roles, is more compatible with the report's goals. The ALI standard promotes parental involvement and cooperation, reduces conflict, and deters the inappropriate use of expert testimony and of weak social science research evidence. Key Points for the Family Court Community: Parental cooperation and shared involvement in parenting postdissolution promotes children's welfare. Parental planning and decision making about their children's custody usually furthers this goal. For parents who cannot agree on custody, the application of the best interest of the child standard is likely to undermine future cooperation. The American Law Institute's approximation standard is more likely than the best interest standard to further the goals of the Think Tank report.
Systematic search for lambda expressions

This paper presents a system for searching for desired small functional programs by just generating a sequence of type-correct programs in a systematic and exhaustive manner and evaluating them. The main goal of this line of research is to ease functional programming, along with the subgoal to provide an axis to evaluate heuristic approaches to program synthesis such as genetic programming by telling the best performance possible by exhaustive search algorithms. While our previous approach to that goal used combinatory expressions in order to simplify the synthesis process, which led to redundant combinator expressions with complex types, this time we use de Bruijn lambda expressions and enjoy improved results.
Socialization content in schools and education for sustainable development – I. A study of teachers’ selective traditions

This article studies content issues by examining teachers’ communicated socialization content. The value-laden socialization content constitutes the educational context for the teaching of integrated subject matter and has not yet been thoroughly studied empirically in environmental education research. The implications of the results can be fruitful in discussions about how educational traditions evolve, as well as discussions about the relationships between environmental education (EE) and education for sustainable development (ESD). In this study, ten upper secondary teachers are interviewed and their expressed socialization content is examined. Various qualitative positions regarding five important educational aspects can be described in terms of three selective traditions. To strengthen the validity of the socialization content found in this study, the students of the same teachers were interviewed regarding their experiences of the socialization content of these teachers’ teaching. This is reported in a supplementary article (Sund and Wickman 2011; Sund 2008). Together these three studies (this article; Sund and Wickman 2011; Sund 2008) work to establish and test a method of discerning qualitative aspects in socialization content. Although the amount of data is limited, the ambition has been to triangulate socialization content qualitatively from three different sources: a literature study, teacher interviews, and student interviews.
Understanding Effective High Schools

This article presents findings from a year-long multilevel comparative case study exploring the characteristics of effective urban high schools. We developed a comprehensive framework from the school effectiveness research that guided our data collection and analysis at the four high schools. Using value-added methodology, we identified two higher and two lower performing high schools in Broward County, Florida. We found that the two higher performing high schools in the study had strong and deliberate structures, programs, and practices that attended to both students’ academic and social learning needs, something we call Personalization for Academic and Social Emotional Learning. Because of the study’s inductive focus on effectiveness, we follow our findings with a discussion of theories and prior research that substantiate the importance of schools’ attention to the connection between students’ academic and social emotional learning needs in high schools.
Modulating CD4+ T Cell Migration in the Postischemic Liver: Hepatic Stellate Cells as New Therapeutic Target?

Background CD4+ T cells play a critical role during hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury although the mechanisms of their migration in the postischemic liver remain unclear. We answered the questions of whether hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) interact with CD4+ T cells during I/R of the liver and whether modulation of HSC activity affects T cell–dependent I/R injury. Methods In mice, migration of CD4+ T cells was analyzed in vivo using conventional intravital microscopy and two-photon microscopy. CD4+ T cell-HSC interactions were visualized after infusion of fluorescence-labeled CD4+ T cells into Cx3CR1 mice (mice exhibiting GFP-labeled HSCs) after I/R. Because the activation of HSC is controlled by endocannabinoid receptors, CB-1 and CB-2, the mice received treatment before I/R with the CB-2 agonist JWH-133 to reach HSC depletion or the CB-1 agonist arachidonylcyclopropylamide to activate HSCs. Sinusoidal perfusion and liver transaminases were used as markers of I/R injury. Results Hepatic I/R induced CD4+ T cell recruitment in sinusoids. More than 25% of adherent CD4+ T cells were colocalized with HSCs during reperfusion, suggesting a direct cell-cell interaction. The HSC deactivation with JWH-133 significantly attenuated the CD4+ T cell recruitment in the postischemic liver and reduced I/R injury as compared to the vehicle-treated group. The HSC hyperactivation by CB-1, however, did not affect T-cell migration and even increased perfusion failure. Conclusion Our in vivo data suggest that CD4+ T cells interact with HSCs on their migration into the hepatic parenchyma, and a depletion or deactivation of HSCs protects the liver from T cell–dependent I/R injury.