Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the seasonal circulation within the Panama Bight derived from satellite observations of wind, altimetry and sea surface temperature

The seasonal evolution of geostrophic currents in the Panama Bight is derived from satellite‐borne altimeter data. Current literature describes the circulation in the Bight as being cyclonic only. Our study, instead, reveals two distinct seasonal patterns. In summer the circulation in the Panama Bight is anticyclonic, with a coastal current to the south, whereas in winter, the circulation reverses and is cyclonic with a coastal current to the north, and an oceanic upwelling center in the middle of the Bight. A seasonally changing wind field caused by the meridional migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone, from 8–10°N in summer, to about 2°N in winter, controls the circulation of the basin. In summer southeasterly trade winds dominate the region, but in winter northeasterly trade winds of the North Atlantic, by means of the Panama Jet, enter the region via the Isthmus of Panama.
A Genealogy of Noncompact Manifolds of Nonnegative Curvature: history and Logic

This article presents an approach to the theory of open manifolds of nonnegative sectional curvature via the calculus of nonsmooth functions. This analytical approach makes possible a very compact development of the by now classical theory. The article also gives a summary of the historical development of the subject of open manifolds of nonnegative sectional curvature and of related topics. Some very recent results are also discussed, including results of the author jointly with P. Petersen and S. H. Zhu on curvature decay.
THE PROFILE AND COMPARISON OF BODY COMPOSITION OF ELITE FEMALE VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS

The authors present the profile and comparison of body composition of the female national volleyball team of the Slovak Republic (senior team – SNT, U19 and U17). The body composition was identified with the use of the multi-frequency bioimpedance method (BIA 2000M). The monitored parameters included the amount of lean body mass (LBM), intra(BCM) and extracellular mass (ECM) and BCM proportion in LBM (CQ), fat mass (FM), the phase angle indicating cell quality (α), total body water (TBW) and its distribution into intra(ICW) and extracellular liquid (ECW). The authors recorded the values of female volleyball players indicating their good training load and corresponding to the values characterizing highperformance sport even in the category U17, when this team significantly differed from the senior team (SNT) only in FM (p<.05). On the contrary, teams U19 and SNT were significantly different in FM, TBW, α, BCM, ECM/BCM, ICW, ECW and CQ (p<.05). We assume that body composition indicators of the team may relate not only to the state of training load (players’ physical preparedness) but also to the success of the team at important events.
Constructing symmetric nonnegative matrices with prescribed eigenvalues by differential equations

The inverse eigenvalue problem is solved for symmetric nonnegative matrices by means of a differential equation. If the given spectrum is feasible, then a symmetric nonnegative matrix can be constructed simply by following the solution curve of the differential system. The choice of the vector field is based on the idea of minimizing the distance between the cone of symmetric nonnegative matrices and the isospectral surface determined by the given spectrum. The projected gradient of the objective function is explicitly described. Using center manifold theory, it is also shown that the $\omega$-limit set of any solution curve is a single point. Some numerical examples are presented.
Population genetic analyses provide insights on the introduction pathway and spread patterns of the North American forest pathogen Heterobasidion irregulare in Italy

A population genetics approach is used to identify the most likely introduction site and introduction pathway for the North American forest pathogen Heterobasidion irregulare using 101 isolates from six sites in Italy and 34 isolates from five sites in North America. Diversity indices based on sequences from ten loci indicate the highest diversity in Italy is found in Castelfusano/Castelporziano and that diversity progressively decreases with increasing distance from that site. AMOVA, Bayesian clustering and principal coordinates analyses based on 12 SSR loci indicate high levels of gene flow among sites, high frequency of admixing, and fail to identify groups of genotypes exclusive to single locations. Cumulatively, these analyses suggest the current infestation is the result of multiple genotypes expanding their range from a single site. Based on two sequenced loci, a single source site in North America could provide enough variability to explain the variability observed in Italy. These results support the notion that H. irregulare was introduced originally in Castelporziano: because Castelporziano has been sealed off from the rest of the world for centuries except for a camp set up by the US military in 1944, we conclude the fungus may have been transported in infected wood used by the military. Finally, spatial autocorrelation analyses using SSR data indicate a significant under‐dispersion of alleles up to 0.5–10 km, while a significant overdispersion of alleles was detected at distances over 80 km: these ranges can be used to make predictions on the likely dispersal potential of the invasive pathogen.
Setting priorities for surveillance, prevention, and control of zoonoses in Bogotá, Colombia.

OBJECTIVE To establish priorities for zoonoses surveillance, prevention, and control in Bogotá, Colombia. METHODS A Delphi panel of experts in veterinary and human medicine was conducted using a validated prioritization method to assess the importance of 32 selected zoonoses. This exercise was complemented by a questionnaire survey, using the knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) methodology, administered in 19 districts of Bogotá from September 2009 to April 2010 to an at-risk population (workers at veterinary clinics; pet shops; butcher shops; and traditional food markets that sell poultry, meat, cheese, and eggs). A risk indicator based on level of knowledge about zoonoses was constructed using categorical principal component and logistic regression analyses. RESULTS Twelve experts participated in the Delphi panel. The diseases scored as highest priority were: influenza A(H1N1), salmonellosis, Escherichia coli infection, leptospirosis, and rabies. The diseases scored as lowest priority were: ancylostomiasis, scabies, ringworm, and trichinellosis. A total of 535 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. Respondents claimed to have had scabies (21%), fungi (8%), brucellosis (8%), and pulicosis (8%). Workers with the most limited knowledge on zoonoses and therefore the highest health risk were those who 1) did not have a professional education, 2) had limited or no zoonoses prevention training, and 3) worked in Usme, Bosa, or Ciudad Bolívar districts. CONCLUSIONS According to the experts, influenza A(H1N1) was the most important zoonoses. Rabies, leptospirosis, brucellosis, and toxoplasmosis were identified as priority diseases by both the experts and the exposed workers. This is the first prioritization exercise focused on zoonoses surveillance, prevention, and control in Colombia. These results could be used to guide decision-making for resource allocation in public health.
From grid maps to Parametric Free Space maps — A highly compact, generic environment representation for ADAS

We propose a highly compact, generic representation of the driving environment, so-called Parametric Free Space (PFS) maps, specifically suitable for future Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and bring them into line with existing metric representations known from mobile robotics. PFS maps combine a closed contour description of arbitrarily shaped outer free space boundaries with a representation of inner free space boundaries, respectively objects, by geometric primitives. A real-time capable algorithm is presented that obtains the representation by building upon an intermediate occupancy grid map-based environment representation generated from an automotive radar and a stereo camera. The proposed representation preserves all relevant information contained in a grid map - thus remaining function-independent - in a much more compact way, which is considered particularly important for the transmission via low data-rate automotive communication interfaces. Examples are shown in real traffic scenarios.
Like like alike: joint friendship and interest propagation in social networks

Targeting interest to match a user with services (e.g. news, products, games, advertisements) and predicting friendship to build connections among users are two fundamental tasks for social network systems. In this paper, we show that the information contained in interest networks (i.e. user-service interactions) and friendship networks (i.e. user-user connections) is highly correlated and mutually helpful. We propose a framework that exploits homophily to establish an integrated network linking a user to interested services and connecting different users with common interests, upon which both friendship and interests could be efficiently propagated. The proposed friendship-interest propagation (FIP) framework devises a factor-based random walk model to explain friendship connections, and simultaneously it uses a coupled latent factor model to uncover interest interactions. We discuss the flexibility of the framework in the choices of loss objectives and regularization penalties and benchmark different variants on the Yahoo! Pulse social networking system. Experiments demonstrate that by coupling friendship with interest, FIP achieves much higher performance on both interest targeting and friendship prediction than systems using only one source of information.
Stroop interference in a delayed match-to-sample task: evidence for semantic competition

Discussions of the source of the Stroop interference effect continue to pervade the literature. Semantic competition posits that interference results from competing semantic activation of word and color dimensions of the stimulus prior to response selection. Response competition posits that interference results from competing responses for articulating the word dimension vs. the color dimension at the time of response selection. We embedded Stroop stimuli into a delayed match-to-sample (DMTS) task in an attempt to test semantic and response competition accounts of the interference effect. Participants viewed a sample color word in black or colored fonts that were congruent or incongruent with respect to the color word itself. After a 5 s delay, participants were presented with two targets (i.e., a match and a foil) and were instructed to select the correct match. We probed each dimension independently during target presentations via color targets (i.e., two colors) or word targets (i.e., two words) and manipulated whether the semantic content of the foil was related to the semantic content of the irrelevant sample dimension (e.g., word sample “red” in blue font with the word “red” as the match and the word “blue” as the foil). We provide evidence for Stroop interference such that response times (RTs) increased for incongruent trials even in the presence of a response option with semantic content unrelated to the semantic content of the irrelevant sample dimension. Accuracy also deteriorated during the related foil trials. A follow-up experiment with a 10 s delay between sample and targets replicated the results. Results appear to provide converging evidence for Stroop interference in a DMTS task in a manner that is consistent with an explanation based upon semantic competition and inconsistent with an explanation based upon response competition.
**title** Asp Conference Series, Vol. **volume**, **publication Year** **editors** the New Emerging Model for the Structure of Cooling Cores in Clusters of Galaxies

New X-ray observations with XMM-Newton show a lack of spectral evidence for large amounts of cooling and condensing gas in the centers of galaxy clusters believed to harbour strong cooling flows. Here, we explore these diagnostics of the temperature structure of cooling cores with XMM-spectroscopy. We further find no evidence of intrinsic absorption in the center of the cooling flows of M87 and the Perseus cluster. To explain these findings we consider the heating of the core regions of clusters by jets from a central AGN. We find that the power of the AGN jets as estimated by their interaction effects with the intracluster medium in several examples is more then sufficient to heat the cooling flows. We explore which requirements such a heating model has to fulfill and find a very promising scenario of self-regulated Bondi accretion of the central black hole. In summary it is argued that most observational evidence points towards much lower mass deposition rates than previously inferred for cooling flow clusters.
Survey Results for Training and Resource Needs Cited by Early Intervention Professionals in the Field of Visual Impairment

Introduction Professionals working with infants and toddlers with visual impairments (that is, those who are blind or have low vision) were surveyed regarding their preservice training and their awareness and use of 29 resources related to young children who are visually impaired. Methods Early intervention visual impairment professionals (n = 109) from 11 states completed a survey called the Early Intervention Visual Impairment Self-Efficacy Evaluation. The online tool was distributed to all professionals in each target state. Results Thirty-eight percent of respondents indicated that the preservice program at which they received training as teachers of visually impaired students or orientation and mobility (O&M) specialists did not include content or experiences related to infants and toddlers with visual impairments. In addition, given three types of resources including books and curriculum (n = 12), websites (n = 5), and online or “eLearning” courses (n = 12), websites were rated as most frequently used, and eLearning resources were least frequently used for professional development. Resources on the topic of cortical or cerebral visual impairment (CVI) were more frequently rated as used, compared to resources on topics such as multiple impairments. Discussion Results demonstrate that some training programs for teachers of visually impaired students and O&M specialists do not include content that prepares professionals to work with infants and toddlers with visual impairments, leaving professionals with a need for additional training to serve this population. In addition, workshops and web-based resources were respondents' preferred means of professional development. Implications for practitioners As they consider future professional training efforts, individuals responsible for workforce preparation and development in the field of visual impairment need to take into account the training needs and preferred training formats of early intervention professionals.
The Roles of Concept Learning and Discrimination in Interpretation Biases and Fear Generalization: Transdiagnostic and Neuropsychological Perspectives for Anxiety Disorders

HOWELL, ASHLEY N. , M.S., August 2017, Clinical Psychology The Roles of Concept Learning and Discrimination in Interpretation Biases and Fear Generalization: Transdiagnostic and Neuropsychological Perspectives for Anxiety Disorders Director of Dissertation: Julie A. Suhr Negative interpretations of ambiguously threatening stimuli and over-generalized fear responding to benign situations are important cognitive mechanisms in the etiology and maintenance of anxiety-related disorders (e.g., Hirsch & Mathews, 2000; Lissek et al., 2008). These cognitive abnormalities may derive from over-active associative cognitive processes and under-active executive processes. Overarching assumptions of transdiagnostic cognitive phenomena have been proposed within the field of anxiety pathology. However, these assumptions have been largely based on disorder-specific studies, using disorder-specific stimuli. The current study: (a) implemented a novel transdiagnostic task to measure threat interpretation and fear response; and (b) tested the relations between over-generalized fear responding and trait anxiety severity. In addition, relations between executive functioning performance and threat interpretation styles were explored. Participants were 64 undergraduates (72% female, 80% Caucasian). Results indicated that high trait anxious individuals exhibited fear over-generalization, evidenced by higher perceived threat of benign stimuli and greater difficulty in stimulus discrimination over time, compared to low anxious individuals. High trait anxious individuals also responded faster to stimuli—suggesting less involvement of executive processing in potential threat response. However, counter to hypothesis, high and low 4 anxious participants demonstrated similar skin conductance response throughout the task. Preliminary exploratory analyses indicated that trait anxiety was not significantly related to executive functioning performance. Cognitive flexibility was related to higher accuracy in threat perception, but lower accuracy for ambiguous stimuli. Also, response inhibition and concept detection/description were related to faster responses to the stimuli. The current results provide additional support for transdiagnostic abnormalities in fear learning and stimulus discrimination among highly anxious individuals who face potential threat. Results also suggest need for additional research on the role of executive functioning in the etiology and maintenance of anxiety symptoms.
Pengaruh Kepemilikan Manajerial, Ukuran Perusahaan Dan Kinerja Keuangan Terhadap Corporate Environmental Disclosure Sebagai Bentuk Tanggung Jawab Sosial Dalam Laporan Tahunan (Studi Pada Perusahaan Peserta Proper 2011-2013)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh dari faktor kepemilikan manajerial, ukuran perusahaan dan kinerja keuangan terhadap pengungkapan informasi lingkungan (Corporate Environmental Disclosure). Review atas penelitian terdahulu menunjukkan adanya ketidakkonsistenan yang mengakibatkan keanekaragaman hasil. Sampel dalam penelitian ini ditentukan dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Populasi adalah 62 perusahaan PROPER yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI), namun hanya 41 perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria populasi. Selanjutnya digunakan regresi data panel selama tiga periode (2011- 2013) sehingga jumlah observasi dalam penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 123 observasi. Indikator yang digunakan dalam mengukur pengungkapan lingkungan dalam penelitian ini adalah standar pengungkapan lingkungan pada Global Reporting Initiative (GRI). Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa kepemilikan manajerial dan ukuran perusahaan (total asset) mempunyai pengaruh positif terhadap pengungkapan informasi lingkungan perusahaan. Sedangkan kinerja keuangan yang diukur dengan ROA menunjukkan pengaruh yang negatif terhadap pengungkapan informasi lingkungan.
Improving gossiping performance by means of local topology information

In unstructured networks, gossiping protocols prescribe that a message, received by a node, is not forwarded with certainty to all its neighbors (as happens in flooding protocols), but only with some finite probability. Typically, in order to make the protocol adaptive, the packet forwarding probability is computed on the fly, as a function of the current node's degree, taken as an indicator of the node's capability of propagating information. This approach improves over flooding protocols, by reducing the traffic overhead, however it is plagued by a problem called early gossip termination, which occurs when the information propagation stops, before the message has reached all the intended target nodes. In the present work, we argue that early gossip termination takes place because the node degree is an inaccurate estimator of the information propagation capability of the node. Specifically: in those cases where this capability happens to be overestimated, the forwarding probability gets set to an insufficient value, which causes information propagation to fade out too early. We propose an approach relying on two interrelated prescriptions, which, being based on the local topological structure of the network, help in better quantifying the information propagation capability of a node. The first prescription consists in using, in place of the actual node degree, an effective node degree, defined on the basis of the nearest neighbors' degree information. The second prescription consists in taking into account the node clustering coefficient to identify special topological situations, which deserve specific treatment. We validated our approach by simulation, using ns2 in several operational scenarios: the results show that the approach can yield significant performance improvements.
Short and long term effects of some bio-insecticides on Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) and its coexisting generalist predators in tomato fields

Tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta Meyrick (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), is one of the most destructive pests of tomato in many parts of the world including Iran. Field studies were conducted to determine the short and long term effects of Bacillus thuringiensis var Kurstaki (Bt), azadirachtin (AZ), a mix of AZ + Bt, and indoxacarb, as a current chemical insecticide, on T. absoluta larvae. Also, effects of the insecticides were studied on the coexisting generalist predators, Coccinella septempunctata L. , Chrysoperla carnea Stephens and Syritta sp. Sampling of T. absoluta and its coexisting generalist predators were performed 1 day before treatment (DBT) and one, 5, 8, 14 and 19 days after treatment (DAT). The results indicated significant short term effect of indoxacarb on the pest larvae. Indoxacarb reduced T. absoluta density and damages. Bt, AZ and mixture of them significantly suppressed the larval density at 19 DAT and caused significant reduction in leaf, stem and fruit damage. The highest long term effect on the pest abundance and damage were observed in Az + Bt caused 100% reduction in fruit and foliage damage compared to the control. The highest and lowest adverse effects on C. carnea, C. septempunctat and Serrita sp. were observed in indoxacarb and Bt treatments, respectively. Findings of this study imply that the mixture of Az + Bt has the highest selective toxicity on the pest and the lowest effect on its coexisting generalist predators.
Power and endurance modelling of battery-powered rotorcraft

This paper characterises the power consumption of electric rotorcraft and derives an endurance estimation model for such aircraft powered by LiPo batteries. Theoretical analysis is backed by experimental flight tests using a popular commercial quadrotor. Experiments on Commercial Off-The-Shelf Lithium-Polymer batteries, which are the technology dominating the multi-rotor Unmanned Aerial Vehicle market, are carried out to determine battery run-time and specific energy/capacity models, whilst investigating the battery variability. These battery models are combined with the rotorcraft power model to provide an endurance estimation model, accounting for both battery variability as well as the electric propulsion system effects, which is experimentally validated through flight tests.