Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computational Study of Primitive Emotional Contagion in Dyadic Interactions

Interpersonal human-human interaction is a dynamical exchange and coordination of social signals, feelings and emotions usually performed through and across multiple modalities such as facial expressions, gestures, and language. Developing machines able to engage humans in rich and natural interpersonal interactions requires capturing such dynamics. This paper addresses primitive emotional contagion during dyadic interactions in which roles are prefixed. Primitive emotional contagion was defined as the tendency people have to automatically mimic and synchronize their multimodal behavior during interactions and, consequently, to emotionally converge. To capture emotional contagion, a cross-recurrence based methodology that explicitly integrates short and long-term temporal dynamics through the analysis of both facial expressions and sentiment was developed. This approach is employed to assess emotional contagion at unimodal, multimodal and cross-modal levels and is evaluated on the Solid SAL-SEMAINE corpus. Interestingly, the approach is able to show the importance of the adoption of cross-modal strategies for addressing emotional contagion.
Knowledge Portability with Semantic Expansion of Ontology Labels

This publication has emanated from research supported in part by a research grant from Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) under Grant Number SFI/12/RC/2289 (Insight) and the European Union supported projects LIDER (ICT-2013.4.1-610782) and MixedEmotions (H2020-644632).
A systematic review of risk management in innovation-oriented firms

Abstract Innovation and risk are inseparable. In fact, literature on innovation management often recommends that innovation-oriented firms must actively monitor, evaluate, analyze and treat future events in order to mitigate risks whenever possible. This approach is particularly important in emergent economies characterized by unstructured national innovation systems and constant economic and market instability. However, there has been no systematic effort to identify and categorize risks that potentially impact businesses based on innovation. Thus, we propose an interpretative framework of risk events with potential financial impact in innovation-oriented firms constructed and tested by means of a mixed studies review. The risk events were identified through a comprehensive systematic search and review of the published literature on risk and innovation. From the 115 works that were analyzed, it was possible to identify nine categories of risk events frequently associated with innovation-oriented businesses that may generate financial impacts. The proposed interpretative framework was tested in an empirical study with 13 innovation-oriented firms located in six Brazilian technological parks. Results from the empirical study suggest that managers found the proposed interpretative framework complete and comprehensive. Moreover, the empirical study signaled which risk events are more relevant for the Brazilian context. The proposed framework is a first necessary step for future development of ERM models applicable in innovation-intensive contexts.
Cardiac Function in a Long-Term Follow-Up Study of Moderate and Severe Porcine Model of Chronic Myocardial Infarction

Background. Novel therapies need to be evaluated in a relevant large animal model that mimics the clinical course and treatment in a reasonable time frame. To reliably assess therapeutic efficacy, knowledge regarding the translational model and the course of disease is needed. Methods. Landrace pigs were subjected to a transient occlusion of the proximal left circumflex artery (LCx) (n = 6) or mid-left anterior descending artery (LAD) (n = 6) for 150 min. Cardiac function was evaluated before by 2D echocardiography or 3D echocardiography and pressure-volume loop analysis. At 12 weeks of follow-up the heart was excised for histological analysis and infarct size calculations. Results. Directly following AMI, LVEF was severely reduced compared to baseline in the LAD group (−17.1 ± 1.6%, P = 0.009) compared to only a moderate reduction in the LCx group (−5.9 ± 1.5%, P = 0.02) and this effect remained unchanged during 12 weeks of follow-up. Conclusion. Two models of chronic MI, representative for different patient groups, can reproducibly be created through clinically relevant ischemia-reperfusion of the mid-LAD and proximal LCx.
The influence of hand hygiene prior to insertion of peripheral venous catheters on the incidence of complications

Using two studies of a simple design it has been possible to furnish proof of the influence of hand hygiene prior to insertion of peripheral venous catheters on the incidence of complications. In the first study detailed data were collected anonymously for each patient on the procedure used for catheter insertion or on any complications. Data were collected for around 64% of patients in one hospital. Evaluation of the questionnaires revealed that there was a significant increase in the incidence of complications in line with an increasing duration of the indwelling period of between 24 and 96 hours. The unexpected finding of this evaluation study was that in the case of catheters with an indwelling period of more than two days there were highly significantly lower complication rates in those cases in which hand disinfection was carried out or gloves donned before catheter placement. The second study, based on the former, documented the cases giving rise to complications. The proportion of peripheral venous catheters implicated in complications was 24%. Here, too, there was a sharp rise in the risk of complications in line with the duration of the indwelling period. Catheters placed in the OR during the patient’s hospital stay showed a significantly lower risk of complications than those inserted on wards, or even in the outpatient department. Conductance of hygienic hand disinfection or the wearing of disposable gloves resulted in significantly lower complication rates compared to normal handwashing or omission of a hand hygiene measure. The most plausible explanation for this positive effect exerted by the wearing of disposable gloves or conductance of hygienic hand disinfection prior to catheter placement is that there was no recontamination during repalpation, as often seen, of the prepared venepuncture site.
Multiple births and risk of epithelial ovarian cancer.

BACKGROUND AND METHODS Prevailing hypotheses about the causes of ovarian carcinogenesis predict that women with a history of multiple births (twins, triplets, etc.) should be at increased risk of epithelial ovarian cancer. However, the scant available evidence suggests that they may actually be at lower risk. To resolve this issue, we pooled data from eight studies involving 2859 parous women with epithelial ovarian cancer (case patients) and 7434 parous women without ovarian cancer (control women). In addition to assessing their history of multiple births (and the sex of the children, where available), we obtained information on age, parity, oral contraceptive use, and other reproductive factors for each woman. Details of tumor histology were available for all case patients. We estimated the relative risks of various histologic types of ovarian cancers associated with multiple births by using multivariable logistic regression analysis, adjusting for matching and confounding variables. RESULTS Among these parous women, 73 case patients (2. 6%) and 257 control women (3.5%) had a history of multiple births. The adjusted summary odds ratio (OR) for developing all types of epithelial ovarian cancer that are associated with multiple births was 0.81 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.61-1.08). We found no evidence that risks associated with multiple births differed among women with borderline or invasive tumors and among women with same-sex and opposite-sex offspring from multiple births. The risk reductions appeared specific for nonmucinous tumors (n = 2453; summary adjusted OR = 0.71 [95% CI = 0.52-0.98]); in contrast, associations with mucinous tumors (n = 406) were heterogeneous across studies. CONCLUSIONS Parous women with nonmucinous ovarian cancer are no more likely to have a history of multiple births than other parous women, counter to the predictions of current hypotheses for causes of ovarian cancer.
SRG/eROSITA prospects for the detection of stellar tidal disruption flares

We discuss the potential of the eROSITA telescope on board the Spectrum-RoentgenGamma (SRG) observatory to detect stellar tidal disruption events (TDE ) during its 4-year all-sky survey. These events are expected to reveal themselves as luminous flares of UV/soft X-ray emission associated with the centers of previously non-active galaxies and fading by few orders of magnitude on time-scales of several months to years. Given that eROSITA will complete an all-sky survey every 6 months and a total of 8 such scans will be performed over the course of the mission, we propose to distinguish TDEs from other X-ray transients using two criteria: i) large (more than a factor of 10) X-ray variat ion between two subsequent 6month scans and ii) soft X-ray spectrum. The expected number of TDE candidates is∼ 10 3 per scan (with most of the events being new discoveries in a given scan), so that a total of several thousand TDE candidates could be found during the 4-year survey. The actual number may significantly di ffer from this estimate, since it is based on just a few TDEs observed so far. The eROSITA all-sky survey is expected to be nearly equally sensitive to TDEs occurring near supermassive black holes (SMBH) of mass between∼ 10 6 and∼ 10 7 M⊙ and will thus provide a unique census of quiescent SMBHs and associated nuclear stellar cusps in the local Universe (z.0.15). Information on TDE candidates will be available within a day after their detection and localization by eROSITA, making possible follow-up observations that may reveal peculiar types of TDEs.
Along-Wind Load Effects on Tall Buildings: Comparative Study of Major International Codes and Standards

Most international codes and standards provide guidelines and procedures for assessing the along-wind effects on tall structures. Despite their common use of the ''gust loading factor'' ~GLF! approach, sizeable scatter exists among the wind effects predicted by the various codes and standards under similar flow conditions. This paper presents a comprehensive assessment of the source of this scatter through a comparison of the along-wind loads and their effects on tall buildings recommended by major international codes and standards. ASCE 7-98 ~United States! , AS1170.2-89 ~Australia! , NBC-1995 ~Canada! , RLB-AIJ-1993 ~Japan! , and Eurocode-1993 ~Europe! are examined in this study. The comparisons consider the definition of wind characteristics, mean wind loads, GLF, equivalent static wind loads, and attendant wind load effects. It is noted that the scatter in the predicted wind loads and their effects arises primarily from the variations in the definition of wind field characteristics in the respective codes and standards. A detailed example is presented to illustrate the overall comparison and to highlight the main findings of this paper.
Older Adults With Diabetes and Osteoarthritis and Their Spouses: Effects of Activity Limitations, Marital Happiness, and Social Contacts on Partners' Daily Mood

Using daily diary data from 28 later life couples where one spouse had diabetes and osteoarthritis, we examined crossover effects of target spouses’ daily activity limitations and their partners’ daily mood. On days when target spouses’ daily activity limitations were higher than average, partners’ positive mood decreased and negative mood increased; when target wives’ limitations were higher than average, husbands’ positive mood was higher. Marital happiness and frequency of telephone conversations of target spouses buffered some relations. Results advance our understanding of daily health processes within later life marriages by identifying crossover effects of activity limitations of an ill spouse with the mood of their partner and underscore the role
Gaussian Mixture Kalman Predictive Coding of Line Spectral Frequencies

Gaussian mixture model (GMM)-based predictive coding of line spectral frequencies (LSFs) has gained wide acceptance. In such coders, each mixture of a GMM can be interpreted as defining a linear predictive transform coder. In this paper, we use Kalman filtering principles to model each of these linear predictive transform coders to present GMM Kalman predictive coding. In particular, we show how suitable modeling of quantization noise leads to an adaptive a posteriori GMM that defines a signal-adaptive predictive coder that provides improved coding of LSFs in comparison with the baseline recursive GMM predictive coder. Moreover, we show how running the GMM Kalman predictive coders to convergence can be used to design a stationary GMM Kalman predictive coding system which again provides improved coding of LSFs but now with only a modest increase in run-time complexity over the baseline. In packet loss conditions, this stationary GMM Kalman predictive coder provides much better performance than the recursive GMM predictive coder, and in fact has comparable mean performance to a memoryless GMM coder. Finally, we illustrate how one can utilize Kalman filtering principles to design a postfilter which enhances decoded vectors from a recursive GMM predictive coder without any modifications to the encoding process.
Application of barycenter refined meshes in linear elasticity and incompressible fluid dynamics

The paper demonstrates that enhanced stability properties of some finite element methods on barycenter refined meshes enables efficient numerical treatment of problems involving incompressible or nearly incompressible media. One example is the linear elasticity problem in a pure displacement formulation, where a lower order finite element method is studied which is optimal order accurate and robust with respect to the Poisson ratio parameter. Another example is a penalty method for incompressible viscous flows. In this case, we show that barycenter refined meshes prompt a “first penalize, then discretize” approach, avoiding locking phenomena, and leading to a method with optimal convergence rates independent of the penalty parameter, and resulting in discrete systems with advantageous algebraic properties.
Phenomenology from the lattice

This is the written version of four lectures given at the 1994 TASI. My aim is to explain the essentials of lattice calculations, give an update on (though not a review of) the present status of calculations of phenomenologically interesting quantities, and to provide an understanding of the various sources of uncertainty in the results. I illustrate the important issues using the examples of the kaon B-parameter (BK) and various quantities related to B-meson physics.
Signal-to-reverberant ratio estimation based on the complex spatial coherence between omnidirectional microphones

The signal-to-reverberant ratio (SRR) is an important parameter in several applications such as speech enhancement, dereverberation, and parametric spatial audio coding. In this contribution, an SRR estimator is derived from the direction-of-arrival dependent complex spatial coherence function computed via two omnidirectional microphones. It is shown that by employing a computationally inexpensive DOA estimator, the proposed SRR estimator outperforms existing approaches.
Site-specific Phosphorylation and Caspase Cleavage Differentially Impact Tau-Microtubule Interactions and Tau Aggregation*

The microtubule-associated protein tau is hyperphosphorylated and forms neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer disease. Additionally caspase-cleaved tau is present in Alzheimer disease brains co-localized with fibrillar tau pathologies. To further understand the role of site-specific phosphorylation and caspase cleavage of tau in regulating its function, constructs of full-length tau (T4) or tau truncated at Asp421 (T4C3) to mimic caspase-3 cleavage with and without site-directed mutations that mimic phosphorylation at Thr231/Ser235, Ser396/Ser404, or at all four sites (Thr231/Ser235/Ser396/Ser404) were made and expressed in cells. Pseudophosphorylation of T4, but not T4C3, at either Thr231/Ser235 or Ser396/Ser404 increased its phosphorylation at Ser262 and Ser199. Pseudophosphorylation at Thr231/Ser235 impaired the microtubule binding of both T4 and T4C3. In contrast, pseudophosphorylation at Ser396/Ser404 only affected microtubule binding of T4C3 but did make T4 less soluble and more aggregated, which is consistent with the previous finding (Abraha, A., Ghoshal, N., Gamblin, T. C., Cryns, V., Berry, R. W., Kuret, J., and Binder, L. I. (2000) J. Cell Sci. 113, 3737–3745) that pseudophosphorylation at Ser396/Ser404 enhances tau polymerization in vitro. In situ T4C3 was more prevalent in the cytoskeletal and microtubule-associated fractions compared with T4, whereas purified recombinant T4 bound microtubules with higher affinity than did T4C3 in an in vitro assay. These data indicate the importance of cellular factors in regulating tau-microtubule interactions and that, in the cells, phosphorylation of T4 might impair its microtubule binding ability more than caspase cleavage. Treatment of cells with nocodazole revealed that pseudophosphorylation of T4 at both Thr231/Ser235 and Ser396/Ser404 diminished the ability of tau to protect against microtubule depolymerization, whereas with T4C3 only pseudophosphorylation at Ser396/Ser404 attenuated the ability of tau to stabilize the microtubules. These results show that site-specific phosphorylation and caspase cleavage of tau differentially affect the ability of tau to bind and stabilize microtubules and facilitate tau self-association.
Cortical deafness to dissonance.

Ordinary listeners, including infants, easily distinguish consonant from dissonant pitch combinations and consider the former more pleasant than the latter. The preference for consonance over dissonance was tested in a patient, I.R. , who suffers from music perception and memory disorders as a result of bilateral lesions to the auditory cortex. In Experiment 1, I.R. was found to be unable to distinguish consonant from dissonant versions of musical excerpts taken from the classical repertoire by rating their pleasantness. I.R. 's indifference to dissonance was not due to a loss of all affective responses to music, however, since she rated the same excerpts as happy or sad, as normal controls do. In Experiment 2, I.R. 's lack of responsiveness to varying degrees of dissonance was replicated with chord sequences which had been used in a previous study using PET, in examining emotional responses to dissonance. A CT scan of I.R. 's brain was co-registered with the PET activation data from normal volunteers. Comparison of I.R. 's scan with the PET data revealed that the damaged areas overlapped with the regions identified to be involved in the perceptual analysis of the musical input, but not with the paralimbic regions involved in affective responses. Taken together, the findings suggest that dissonance may be computed bilaterally in the superior temporal gyri by specialized mechanisms prior to its emotional interpretation.
The Cognitive Structure of Emotions

More than 30 years after its initial publication, this new edition of The Cognitive Structure of Emotions refines and updates Ortony, Clore, and Collins's OCC model of emotions. Starting from a three-way classification of construals of the world––events, the attribution of responsibility for events, and objects––the authors propose a systematic account of emotion differentiation. Rejecting the oft-favored features of bodily feelings, emotion-related behaviors, and facial expressions as too intensity-dependent and insufficiently diagnostic, they provide a detailed analysis of emotion differentiation in terms of the cognitive underpinnings of emotion types. Using numerous examples, they explain how different variables influence emotion intensity, and show how emotions can be formalized for computational purposes. Now with a contributed chapter describing the OCC model's influence, this book will interest a wide audience in cognitive, clinical, and social psychology, as well as in artificial intelligence and affective computing, and other cognitive science disciplines.
The Improvement of Cultural Intelligence amongst Leaders: An African Focus

Abstract Africa and the world is characterised by different kind of changes. Globalisation, for instance, brought about that leaders have to lead in a cross-cultural context. Cross-cultural people skills, therefore, became important. The objective of this conceptual and theoretical research is to discuss ways by which leaders can improve their cultural intelligence levels within the African organisational context. Cultural intelligence can be improved by, inter alia, obtaining knowledge of current leadership practices in the African context. Thus, this research discussed the leadership and management in Africa, followed by a description of a cultural intelligence implementation model of leadership. Lastly, servant leadership as a way to implement the cultural intelligence implementation model is discussed.
Eating Money: Corruption and its categorical ‘Other’ in the leaky Indian state

Abstract This article studies corruption in India through an ethnographic elaboration of practices that are colloquially discussed as the ‘eating of money’ (paisa khana) in northern India. It examines both the discourse and practice of eating money in the specific context of the implementation of the National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 (NREGA). The article works through two central paradoxes that emerge in the study of corruption and the state. The first paradox relates to the corruption–transparency dyad. The ethnography presented shows clearly that the difficulties in the implementation of NREGA arose directly out of the transparency requirements of the statute, which were impeding the traditional eating of money. Instead of corruption being the villain it turns out that, in this particular context, it was its categorical Other—transparency—that was to blame. The second and related paradox emerges from an ethnographic examination of the processes and things through which development performance, corruption, and transparency are established and adjudged in the contemporary Indian state. Corrupt state practices and transparent state functioning are authoritatively proclaimed through an assessment of evidence—material proof in the form of paper—that is constructed by the Indian state itself. The push for transparency in India at the moment is not only leading to an excessive focus on the production of these paper truths but, more dangerously, is also deflecting attention away from what is described as the ‘real’ (asli) life of welfare programmes. Ultimately, this article contends that we need to eschew treating corruption as an explanatory trope for the failure of development in India. Instead of devising ever-more punitive auditing regimes to stem the leakages of the Indian state, this work suggests that we need a clearer understanding of what the state really is; how—and through which material substances—it functions and demonstrates evidence of its accomplishments.