Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Salvinorin A Inhibits Airway Hyperreactivity Induced by Ovalbumin Sensitization

Salvinorin A, a neoclerodane diterpene isolated from Salvia divinorum, exerts a number of pharmacological actions which are not solely limited to the central nervous system. Recently it has been demonstrated that Salvinorin A inhibits acute inflammatory response affecting leukotriene (LT) production. Since LTs are potent lipid mediators implicated in allergic diseases, we evaluated the effect of Salvinorin A on allergic inflammation and on airways following sensitization in the mouse. Mice were sensitized with s.c. injection of ovalbumin (OVA) on days 1 and 8. Sensitized mice received on days 9 and 12 on the shaved dorsal surface air administration to induce the development of the air-pouches. On day 15 animals were challenged by injection of OVA into the air-pouch. Salvinorin A, administered (10 mg/kg) before each allergen exposure, significantly reduced OVA-induced LT increase in the air pouch. This effect was coupled to a reduction in cell recruitment and Th2 cytokine production. In another set of experiments, mice were sensitized with OVA and both bronchial reactivity and pulmonary inflammation were assessed. Salvinorin A abrogated bronchial hyperreactivity and interleukin (IL)-13 production, without effect on pulmonary inflammation. Indeed cell infiltration and peribronchial edema were still present following diterpenoid treatment. Similarly, pulmonary IL-4 and plasmatic IgE levels were not modulated. Conversely, Salvinorin A significantly reduced LTC4 production in the lung of sensitized mice. Finally mast cell activity was evaluated by means of toluidine blue staining. Data obtained evidenced that Salvinorin A significantly inhibited mast cell degranulation in the lung. Our study demonstrates that Salvinorin A inhibits airway hyperreactivity induced by sensitization by inhibition of LT production and mast cell degranulation. In conclusion Salvinorin A could represent a promising candidate for drug development in allergic diseases such as asthma.
Rapid analysis of the microfibril angle of loblolly pine from two test sites using near-infrared analysis

Abstract There have been several recent studies employing near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for the rapid determination of microfibril angle (MFA). However, only a few have utilized samples cut from individual rings of increment cores, and none have been as large as this present study, sampling over 600 trees from two test sites producing over 3000 individual ring samples for MFA analysis. This has allowed the use of individual growth ring models rather than using those based on earlywood, latewood, corewood or outerwood. It was observed that for both test sites, the strongest models were from the “All”, earlywood and latewood sample sets. The individual growth ring calibration models provided poorer RPD values despite using over 200 samples in the analyses. In general, the results from the test samples largely mirrored those from the corresponding calibration samples. Corresponding test sample predictions from the opposing site were noticeably poorer than test samples from the same site. Thus, a greater variation in the number of sites would provide improved model robustness. This study has found that the models based on individual ring samples were not as strong as those obtained in other studies based on the radial-longitudinal face of wood strips, spread over several growth rings. Resume Il y a eu de nombreuses etudes recentes employant la spectroscopie proche infrarouge (PIR) pour la determination rapide de l’angle des microfibrilles (AMF). Cependant, seules quelques-unes ont utilise des echantillons extraits de cernes individuels sur des carottes de bois, et aucune n’a ete aussi etendue que cette presente etude avec plus de 600 arbres echantillonnes sur deux sites d’essai produisant plus de 3000 echantillons de cernes individuels pour les analyses d’AMF. Cela a permis d’utiliser des modeles de cernes de croissance individuels plutot que d’utiliser ceux bases sur le bois de printemps, le bois d’ete, le bois interne ou externe. Il a ete observe que pour les deux sites d’essai, les modeles les plus robustes etaient obtenus a partir de l’ensemble des echantillons (« All »), bois de printemps et bois d’ete. Les modeles d’etalonnage pour les cernes de croissance individuels ont fourni des valeurs de RPD plus faibles malgre l’utilisation de plus de 200 echantillons dans l’analyse. En general, les resultats des echantillons d’essais ont largement reflete ceux des echantillons d’etalonnage correspondants. Les echantillons d’essais predits a partir du site oppose etaient notablement plus faibles que les echantillons d’essais correspondants predits a partir du meme site. Par consequent, une plus grande variation dans le nombre de sites permettrait d’obtenir des modeles plus robustes. Cette etude a montre que des modeles bases sur des echantillons de cernes individuels n’etaient pas aussi robustes que ceux obtenus dans d’autres etudes basees sur la section radiale-longitudinale de bandes de bois, etendue sur plusieurs cernes de croissance.
GENDER FEATURE IN WOMEN AND MEN’S SKIN CARE ADVERTISEMENTS

Abstrak Studi ini membahas fitur-fitur gender yang digunakan pada iklan perawatan kulit wanita dan pria. Ditemukan bahwa iklan wanita tidak hanya menggunakan fitur wanita tapi juga menggunakan fitur pria dan sebaliknya. Namun, fenomena itu bisa terjadi karena pria belajar bahasa pertama mereka dari ibu mereka yang menggunakan bahasa wanita. Di sisi lain, wanita juga menggunakan bahasa pria karena mereka memiliki kesempatan yang sama untuk bersosialisasi dengan orang-orang di luar, di mana hal itu membuat mereka beradaptasi, belajar dan meniru lebih banyak bahasa. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini berfokus pada masalah: fitur-fitur gender apa saja yang ditemukan pada iklan perawatan kulit wanita dan pria? Untuk menyelesaikan penelitian ini, metode kualitatif deskriptif diterapkan. Selain itu, karena objek penelitian ini adalah video, observasi non partisipatif dan dokumentasi diaplikasikan sebagai teknik mengumpulkan data. Penelitian ini menerapkan teori fitur gender dari Lakoff dan Mulac untuk menganalisis data. Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa iklan wanita dan pria memiliki beberapa perbedaan dalam penggunaan fitur gender meskipun penggunaanya berkebalikan. Perbedaannya terletak pada penggunaan kata sifat. Meskipun pria menggunakan fitur ini, mereka menggunakan kata sifat yang netral seperti keren dan kuat, sedangkan wanita tetap menggunakan kata sifat wanita seperti halus, lembut dan cantik. Kata Kunci: fitur gender, periklanan, persangkaan, perawatan kulit. Abstract This study is discussing about the gender features that are used in women and men’s skin care advertisements. It is found that women’s advertisements are not only using women’s features but also using men’s feature and vice versa. Yet, that phenomenon can happen because men learned their first language from their mother whose used women’s language. On the other hand, women also used men’s language because they have same opportunity to socialize with people in the outside where make them adopted, learned and imitated more languages. Thus, this study focuses on a problem: what are the gender features found in women and men’s skin care advertisements? In order to finish this study, descriptive qualitative method is applied. In addition, since the object of this study is video, observation non-participatory and documentation is applied as the techniques to collect the data. This study applied Lakoff and Mulac’s theory of gender feature to analyze the data. The results showed that women and men’s advertisements are having some differences in the use of gender feature although the use is vice versa for women and men. The differences are laid on the use of empty adjective feature. Even though men use this feature, they use the neutral adjective such as cool and strong, while women use women adjective such as smooth, soft, and beautiful. Keywords: gender feature, advertisement, skin care.
Post-PET ultrasound improves specificity of 18F-FDG-PET for recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer while maintaining sensitivity

Background Positron emission tomography (PET) using fluor-18-deoxyglucose (18F-FDG) with or without computed tomography (CT) is generally accepted as the most sensitive imaging modality for diagnosing recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) in patients with negative whole body scintigraphy with iodine-131 (I-131). Purpose To assess the potential incremental value of ultrasound (US) over 18F-FDG-PET-CT. Material and Methods Fifty-one consecutive patients with suspected recurrent DTC were prospectively evaluated using the following multimodal imaging protocol: (i) US before PET (pre-US) with or without fine needle biopsy (FNB) of suspicious lesions; (ii) single photon emission computed tomography (≥3 GBq I-131) with co-registered CT (SPECT-CT); (iii) 18F-FDG-PET with co-registered contrast-enhanced CT of the neck; (iv) US in correlation with the other imaging modalities (post-US). Postoperative histology, FNB, and long-term follow-up (median, 2.8 years) were taken as composite gold standard. Results Fifty-eight malignant lesions were identified in 34 patients. Forty lesions were located in the neck or upper mediastinum. On receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis, 18F-FDG-PET had a limited lesion-based specificity of 59% at a set sensitivity of 90%. Pre-US had poor sensitivity and specificity of 52% and 53%, respectively, increasing to 85% and 94% on post-US, with knowledge of the PET/CT findings (P < 0.05 vs. PET and pre-US). Multimodal imaging changed therapy in 15 out of 51 patients (30%). Conclusion In patients with suspected recurrent DTC, supplemental targeted US in addition to 18F-FDG-PET-CT increases specificity while maintainin sensitivity, as non-malignant FDG uptake in cervical lesions can be confirmed.
Impact of Supplemental Instruction Participation on College Freshman Retention.

Supplemental Instruction (SI), a higher-education academic support program, targets challenging college courses and uses peer-led review sessions to develop academic skills, improve grades, influence persistence, and ultimately increase student retention (Arendale, 2001). The goals of this study were twofold: to determine if differences existed in prior academic performance of freshman students attending SI sessions while determining whether SI attendance improved retention to the sophomore year. Using quantitative analysis, the researchers found that freshman students with a higher high school GPA were more likely to be retained regardless of SI session attendance. Additionally, freshman students with a lower high school GPA were significantly more likely to be retained if participating in SI sessions. The researchers conclude that SI is an effective program to develop academic skills and yield increased retention. Implications for the profession include a renewed emphasis on increasing SI attendance rate of college freshman students, particularly at-risk students with lower college entrance credentials.
Can the Social Behavior Questionnaire Help Meet the Need for Dimensional, Transdiagnostic Measures of Childhood and Adolescent Psychopathology?

Abstract. The shift toward transdiagnostic and dimensional approaches to psychopathology research has created a growing need for psychometric assessments that reflect this conceptualization. We aimed to test whether an omnibus measure of psychopathology, the Social Behavior Questionnaire (SBQ), has suitable properties to serve as a dimensional, transdiagnostic assessment. We used an item response theory (IRT) approach to evaluate the reliable ranges of measurement of the psychopathology dimensions measured by the SBQ. For the dimensions of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Prosociality, Internalizing, and Externalizing, the SBQ can provide a reliable measure for below average to very high levels in a normative sample.
Teaching (with) robots in secondary schools: some new and not-so-new pedagogical problems

Research on the teaching of programming has shown that novice programmers often come up against significant difficulties in understanding programming concepts as well as in finding solutions to even elementary programming problems. One of the basic strategies which has been adopted in order to confront this problem, were programming languages and environments created with the specific aim to make both the teaching and learning processes of programming easier. A typical category of these types of environments consists of systems where the novice programmer manipulates real entities such as robots and automatic mechanisms. In this research we present a series of pilot lessons for an introduction to programming with the help of Lego Mindstorms and the visual programming environment ROBOLAB. The research was carried out on Greek secondary school students in the 9th and 10th grades. We present the initial results, which clearly show the advantages of this environment over the standard ones conventionally used, as well as some problems.
RSBP-1 Is a Membrane-targeting Subunit Required by the Gαq-specific But Not the Gαo-specific R7 Regulator of G protein Signaling in Caenorhabditis elegans

In vivo characterization of the C. elegans R7 RGS Binding Protein, RSBP-1, shows that this protein is required to target the Gαq-specific, but not the Gαo-specific, R7 RGS protein to the plasma membrane, that plasma membrane localization is essential for function, and suggests that the mechanism of membrane targeting may determine Gα specificity.
Comparison of Central and Peripheral Nervous System Lesions Caused by High-Dose Short-Term and Low-Dose Subchronic Acrylamide Treatment in Rats

The effects of high-dose subacute acrylamide treatment of up to 50 mg/kg/day for 4 or 10 d were compared to those of subchronic exposure, up to 12 mg/kg/day for 90 d. In the subacute study, Purkinje cells, long ascending tracts of the spinal cord, optic tract terminal or preterminal regions in superior colliculus, sensory ganglion cells, and distal large-caliber peripheral axons were severely affected. Purkinje cells and fasciculus gracilis changes were the earliest lesions. In the subchronic study, the dominant lesion was confined to the distal peripheral axon, with only minor changes occurring in spinal cord and medulla. Paranodal swellings with the characteristic appearance of neurofilament aggregations were not seen. This morphological study suggests a significant difference between high- and low-dose acrylamide-induced lesions. If there is a reduced tendency for long-term low-dose acrylamide exposure to produce CNS lesions, the risk of irreversible nervous system damage would be less than that predicted from subacute studies.
Certifying Code Generation Runs with Coq: A Tool Description

In this tool description paper we present a certifying code generation phase. Our code generation phase takes intermediate language programs and translates them into MIPS assembler code. Each time our code generation is invoked a proof script is emitted. This proof script is used as a certificate to guarantee the correctness of the code generation run. It is checked in the Coq theorem prover. Once this has been successfully done we can be sure that the code generation has been carried out correctly. Checking the generated proof scripts has turned out to be a bottleneck of certifying compilation. This paper is based on an implementation which uses - among other techniques - checker predicates to overcome this bottleneck. These are predicates formalized in an executable way that can be easily evaluated by the Coq theorem prover to speed up the certificate checking process. This paper presents the certifying code generation phase introduced in [5] and focuses on its implementation.
Growth Rates of the Principal Facets of Ice between-10 C to-40 C

We describe measurements of the growth rates of the basal and prism facets of ice crystals grown from the vapor phase at temperatures −39 < T < −10 C. We find that all our data can be well described by a model in which the facet growth is limited primarily by 2D nucleation over this temperature range. The inferred critical supersaturations, and thus the step edge free energies, are essentially identical for the two facets, with values that decrease monotonically with increasing temperature. The growth scaling parameters, on the other hand, exhibit a more complex behavior with temperature that is quite different for the two facets. These data suggest that much of the peculiar behavior seen in ice crystal growth from vapor is due to differences in the surface diffusion of admolecules on the two principal facets.
Vulnerability-based Interleaving for Multi-Bit Upset (MBU) protection in modern microprocessors

We present a novel methodology for protecting incore microprocessor memory arrays from Multiple Bit Upsets (MBUs). Recent radiation studies in modern SRAMs demonstrate that up to 55% of Single Event Upsets (SEUs) due to alpha particle or neutron strikes result in MBUs. Towards suppressing these MBUs, methods such as physical interleaving or periodic scrubbing have been successfully applied to caches. However, these methods are not applicable to in-core, high-performance Content-Addressable Memories (CAM) arrays, due to computational complexity, high delay and area overhead, and lack of information redundancy. To this end, we propose a cost-effective method for enhancing in-core memory array resiliency, called Vulnerability-based Interleaving (VBI). VBI physically disperses bit-lines based on their vulnerability factor and applies selective parity to these lines. Thereby, VBI aims to ensure that an MBU will affect at most one critical bit-field, so that the selective parity will detect the error and a subsequent pipeline flush will remove its effects. Experimental results employing simulation of realistic MBU fault models on the instruction queue of the Alpha 21264 microprocessor in a 65nm process, demonstrate that a 30% selective parity protection of VBI-arranged bit-lines reduces vulnerability by 94%.
Clarifying Skills and Competencies in Organisational Decision Making : Perceptions of Finnish Communication Professionals

Abstract This chapter seeks to better understand the skills and competencies that public relations (PR) professionals use in contributing to organisational decision-making processes. The data were collected by interviewing Finnish professionals using thematic semi-structured interviews. Overall, the results highlight a deep understanding of organisation management and decision-making processes. The most important competencies were business understanding and target group oriented thinking. The findings indicate that important skills are related to writing and social media. Regarding personal attributes, interaction and tolerance to criticism were acknowledged as most crucial. The conclusions suggest that if professionals analyse and review their skills, competencies and personal attributes related to decision making, this will support organisational performance and strengthen the added value of PR function. A reflection on the strengths and weaknesses of their own traits helps professionals enact their expected role in organisational problem solving and decision making.
Cosmological Three-Point Function: Testing the Halo Model against Simulations

We perform detailed comparison of the semianalytic halo model predictions with measurements in numerical simulations of the two- and three-point correlation functions, as well as power spectrum and bispectrum. We discuss the accuracy and self-consistency of the halo model description of gravitational clustering in the nonlinear regime and constrain halo model parameters. We exploit the recently proposed multipole expansion of three-point statistics that expresses rotation invariance in the most natural way. This not only offers technical advantages by reducing the integrals required for the halo model predictions, but also amounts to a convenient way of compressing the information contained in the three-point correlation functions (3PCFs). We find that, with an appropriate choice of the halo boundary and mass function cutoff, halo model predictions are in good agreement with the bispectrum measured in numerical simulations. However, the halo model predicts less than the observed configuration dependence of the 3PCF on ~megaparsec scales. This effect is mainly due to quadrupole moment deficit, possibly related to the assumption of spherical halo geometry. Our analysis shows that using its harmonic decomposition, the full configuration dependence of the 3PCF in the nonlinear regime can be compressed into just a few numbers, the lowest multipoles. Moreover, these multipoles are closely related to the highest signal-to-noise eigenmodes of the 3PCF. Therefore this estimator may simplify future analyses aimed at constraining cosmological and halo model parameters from observational data.
Gender Peer Effects: Evidence from a Quasi-Random Classroom Assignment Policy∗

The literature on gender peer effects documents that exposure to opposite gender peers can lead to higher academic performances for boys but lower outcomes, especially in math, for girls. This result can be explained by two distinct exposure effects. One is inside-class time exposure (e.g. boy peers are disruptive and lower the quality of student-teacher interactions) and the other is outside-class time exposure effects that arise through social interactions with peers outside classes (e.g. boy peers negatively influence other peers’ decisions on study efforts). I use student-level data from a Korean high school that quasi-randomly assigned students to either a single-sex or a coeducational classroom in which they learn some subjects, including native language, but not all; students learn tracking subjects with same gender peers. I find significant increases in girls’ native language test scores when the class is taught in a coeducational environment and a girl’s prior performance in native language was above her cohort’s average performance. However, I find no significant effect of assignment to a coeducational classroom on boys’ and girls’ academic achievements in tracking subjects. These findings suggest that gender peer effects are mostly due to exposure to opposite gender peers during class time. JEL Codes: I21, J16. ∗I am extremely grateful to Seema Jayachandran, Lori Beaman, and Jonathan Guryan for providing helpful comments and suggestions. I am thankful to Byungsuk Lee and Yoon Kyoung Lee for providing support with data collection. All errors are my own. †Email: sangyoon@u.northwestern. edu Web: sites.northwestern. edu/spa136
Coming out, coming home, coming with: Models of queer sexuality in contemporary China

ABSTRACT The authors investigate coming out and coming home as models of queer sexuality for contemporary Chinese queer subjects. Through semi-structured interviews with 13 Chinese queer subjects, the authors investigate the distinctness of the coming-out and coming-home models, their points of dissonance and consonance, and the ways in which queer subjects take them up (partially or fully, temporarily or enduringly), revise them, or reject them. Finding that interview narratives exceed the normative parameters shaped by these two models, the authors elaborate a third, distinct model—coming with—which better accounts for how some contemporary Chinese queer subjects are crafting livable lives.