Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Persistence of Intergenerational Inequalities linked to Immigration: Labour Market Outcomes for Immigrants and their Descendants in France

Si les travaux sur la mobilite intergenerationnelle sont assez classiques en France, la question des trajectoires sociales suivies par les descendants de migrants est d’apparition relativement recente. A partir des donnees de l’enquete Etude de l’histoire familiale, couplee au recensement de 1999, cet article analyse l’insertion professionnelle des enfants d’immigres, appreciee par l’acces a l’emploi et les positions occupees sur le marche du travail, en les comparant aux immigres et aux « natifs ». Si une modification substantielle des formes d’activite est intervenue d’une generation a l’autre, les « secondes generations » connaissent toujours d’importantes difficultes pour entrer dans le marche du travail. A la surexposition au chomage s’ajoutent une plus grande precarite dans l’emploi et une dependance a l’egard des emplois aides. En revanche, la forte segregation professionnelle qui s’observe pour les immigres diminue a la generation suivante, signalant un processus de diffusion dans l’espace des professions. La persistance des ecarts entre secondes generations et natifs contredit l’hypothese d’une mobilite entre generations liees a l’immigration resultant de la scolarisation et de la socialisation en France. Ce handicap d’une origine « heritee » temoigne de l’existence de discriminations, qui pesent principalement sur les trajectoires des immigres maghrebins, africains et turcs, mais aussi sur celles de leurs descendants.
Peripartum Bacteremia in the Era of Group B Streptococcus Prophylaxis

OBJECTIVE: To define the microbial epidemiology and clinical risk factorms associated with peripartum bacteremia in the era of group B streptococcus prophylaxis. METHODS: We identified all cases of maternal bacteremia occurring during the peripartum time period (defined as from 7 days before delivery until 30 days after delivery) in a large maternity center from 2000 to 2008. Chart review was performed to determine the clinical factors associated with bacteremia. RESULTS: During the study period, blood cultures were obtained from 1,295 febrile peripartum women (1.6% of all parturients); 172 of 1,295 febrile peripartum women (13.3%) had bacteremia (2.2 cases per 1,000 deliveries) with 194 microbial isolates and 1 yeast. The most frequent bacterial isolates were Escherichia coli (35.9%), enterococci (23.6%), and anaerobic species (9.2%); group B streptococcus was isolated in only eight cases (4.1%). Clinical diagnoses among infected women included endometritis (56%), chorioamnionitis (21%), and urosepsis (8%). Among women with endometritis, 77% underwent cesarean delivery (compared with vaginal delivery; relative risk [RR] 10.85, 95% confidence interval [CI] 6.75–17.45) and 39% delivered at less than 37 weeks of gestation (compared with37 weeks or more; RR 3.21, 95% CI 2.42–4.25). Severe maternal complications of bacteremia were noted; six women required intensive care unit admission, five women had development of ileus, and one death occurred because of urosepsis. CONCLUSION: In the era of group B streptococcus prophylaxis, E coli and enterococci are the most frequent bacteria isolated in peripartum bacteremia. Group B streptococcus accounted for only 4% of cases. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III
Language alternation in infant bilinguals: A developmental approach to codeswitching

This study approaches switching in bilingual infants from a developmental perspective, using a micro-focus of conversation-analysis. Early switching data of two bilingual children(age 1;6 to 2;11) is analyzed in terms of pragmatic choices and constraints, and it is argued that, whilst some adult-like socially-determined switching could be observed at a very early age, the most frequently observed early switches were explained in terms of the child's psycho-social and linguistic development, in particular switching for emphasis and appeal and switching due to vocabulary gaps. The results are interpreted within a developmental perspective on codeswitching, and as such bridge an identified gap in the field of infant bilingualism between structural analyses of language alternations in bilingual infants on the one hand, and switching in older bilinguals on the other.
‘Cocked, locked and ready to fuck?’: a synthesis and review of the gay male pornography literature

A comprehensive review of the multi-disciplinary gay male pornography literature has never been performed given that scholars have only recently begun to focus on gay male pornography’s potential effects. An in-depth review would allow for the categorisation of the multi-disciplinary gay male pornography literature; thus, facilitating a commentary on which topics may require additional enquiry and/or scrutiny. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the gay male pornography literature by adapting frameworks previously used to categorise the trends within the heterosexual pornography literature. Critiques of the gay male pornography literature are provided where applicable. Also, the usefulness of these frameworks is discussed along with proposed improvements.
Childhood Sexual Abuse Severity and Disclosure as Predictors of Depression Among Adult African-American and Latina Women

A history of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) has been associated with adult depression, but data on abuse severity and disclosure are scant, particularly among low-income ethnic minorities. CSA often co-occurs with other adversities, which also increase the risk of depression. This study examined the peritrauma variable of abuse severity and the posttrauma variables of disclosure and self-blame as predictors of current depression symptoms in 94 low-income African-American and Latina women with histories of CSA. After controlling for nonsexual childhood adversity and adult burden (i.e., chronic stress), severe CSA overall was associated with higher depression scores, especially among Latinas who disclosed their abuse. Depression symptoms among African-American women were highest in those who disclosed and reported high levels of self-blame at the time of the incident. The link between depression and specific peri- and post-CSA factors in minority women may help guide future interventions.
Charismatic leadership in Sri Lankan business organizations

Purpose – As the number of studies reported on the new leadership approach in the South Asian region and especially in Sri Lanka is very limited, the present study aims to explore to what extent the Conger and Kanungo (C‐K) model can be employed to explain the leadership phenomenon in Sri Lanka.Design/methodology/approach – A survey was undertaken among 53 managers who are reading for MBA degrees using the questionnaire devised and validated by Conger and Kanungo, and the data were subjected to principle component factor (varimax rotation) analysis.Findings – The paper finds that the Sri Lankan version of charismatic leadership is found to be similar to the C‐K model in terms of personal risk, sensitivity to member needs and sensitivity to the environment. However, it differs from the C‐K model, as it does not contain unconventional behavior and articulation of vision, and contains a new dimension – creating excitement. The variation is attributed to some aspects of culture i.e. conservative, hierarchical.
Photoperiod Extension Enhances Sexual Megaspore Formation and Triggers Metabolic Reprogramming in Facultative Apomictic Ranunculus auricomus

Meiosis, the key step of sexual reproduction, persists in facultative apomictic plants functional to some extent. However, it still remains unclear how and why proportions of reproductive pathways vary under different environmental stress conditions. We hypothesized that oxidative stress mediates alterations of developmental pathways. In apomictic plants we expected that megasporogenesis, the stage directly after meiosis, would be more affected than later stages of seed development. To simulate moderate stress conditions we subjected clone-mates of facultative apomictic Ranunculus auricomus to 10 h photoperiods, reflecting natural conditions, and extended ones (16.5 h). Reproduction mode was screened directly after megasporogenesis (microscope) and at seed stage (flow cytometric seed screening). Targeted metabolite profiles were performed with HPLC–DAD to explore if and which metabolic reprogramming was caused by the extended photoperiod. Prolonged photoperiods resulted in increased frequencies of sexual vs. aposporous initials directly after meiosis, but did not affect frequencies of sexual vs. asexual seed formation. Changes in secondary metabolite profiles under extended photoperiods affected all classes of compounds, and c. 20% of these changes separated the two treatments. Unexpectedly, the renowned antioxidant phenylpropanoids and flavonoids added more to clone-mate variation than to treatment differentiation. Among others, chlorophyll degradation products, non-assigned phenolic compounds and more lipophilic metabolites also contributed to the dissimilarity of the metabolic profiles of plants that had been exposed to the two different photoperiods. The hypothesis of moderate light stress effects was supported by increased proportions of sexual megaspore development at the expense of aposporous initial formation. The lack of effects at the seed stage confirms the basic assumption that only meiosis and sporogenesis would be sensitive to light stress. The concomitant change of secondary metabolite profiles, as a systemic response at this early developmental stage, supports the notion that oxidative stress could have affected megasporogenesis by causing the observed metabolic reprogramming. Hypotheses of genotype-specific responses to prolonged photoperiods are rejected.
Activation of Cardiac Progenitor Cells Reverses the Failing Heart Senescent Phenotype and Prolongs Lifespan

Heart failure is the leading cause of death in the elderly, but whether this is the result of a primary aging myopathy dictated by depletion of the cardiac progenitor cell (CPC) pool is unknown. Similarly, whether current lifespan reflects the ineluctable genetic clock or heart failure interferes with the genetically determined fate of the organ and organism is an important question. We have identified that chronological age leads to telomeric shortening in CPCs, which by necessity generate a differentiated progeny that rapidly acquires the senescent phenotype conditioning organ aging. CPC aging is mediated by attenuation of the insulin-like growth factor-1/insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and hepatocyte growth factor/c-Met systems, which do not counteract any longer the CPC renin–angiotensin system, resulting in cellular senescence, growth arrest, and apoptosis. However, pulse-chase 5-bromodeoxyuridine–labeling assay revealed that the senescent heart contains functionally competent CPCs that have the properties of stem cells. This subset of telomerase-competent CPCs have long telomeres and, following activation, migrate to the regions of damage, where they generate a population of young cardiomyocytes, reversing partly the aging myopathy. The senescent heart phenotype and heart failure are corrected to some extent, leading to prolongation of maximum lifespan.
Genetic diversity in a world germplasm collection of tall fescue

Festuca arundinacea Schreb. , commonly known as tall fescue, is a major forage crop in temperate regions. Recently, a molecular analysis of different accessions of a world germplasm collection of tall fescue has demonstrated that it contains different species from the genus Festuca and allowed their rapid classification into the three major morphotypes (Continental, Mediterranean and Rhizomatous). In this study, we explored the genetic diversity of 161 accessions of Festuca species from 29 countries, including 28 accessions of INTA (Argentina), by analyzing 15 polymorphic SSR markers by capillary electrophoresis. These molecular markers allowed us to detect a total of 214 alleles. The number of alleles per locus varied between 5 and 24, and the values of polymorphic information content ranged from 0.627 to 0.840. In addition, the accessions analyzed by flow cytometry showed different ploidy levels (diploid, tetraploid, hexaploid and octaploid), placing in evidence that the world germplasm collection consisted of multiple species, as previously suggested. Interestingly, almost all accessions of INTA germplasm collection were true hexaploid tall fescue, belonging to two eco-geographic races (Continental and Mediterranean). Finally, the data presented revealed an ample genetic diversity of tall fescue showing the importance of preserving the INTA collection for future breeding programs.
A better dynamic cluster-based structure of wireless sensor network for efficient routing

In recent years, wireless sensor networks have gained a tremendous amount of attention due to their potential ability in providing solutions in various areas such as health care, environment, defense, surveillance, industry and transport. Typically, the sensors are small, with limited processing and computing resources and thus useful for network operations. In this paper, we present an improved Dynamic Cluster-based Wire- less Sensor Network (WSN) that facilitates an efficient routing protocol. The cluster- based structure presented here is self-constructible and reconfigurable and is supported by two atomic operations: node-move-in and node-move-out. Our routing protocol finds routes on graph G, unlike some previous routing protocols that find routes on the struc- ture in a similar cluster-based structure. For the two operations we also propose two algorithms: Node-Move-In and Node-Move-Out. We show that to establish a route on graph G using the structure, it requires O(p) rounds, where p is the number of clusters in the network. Note that, in a scenario where the number of sensor nodes n is enormous, p is much less than n. We also show that the proposed Node-Move-In and Node-Move-Out algorithms require expected O(q) and O(jTj) rounds, respectively. Here q is the number of neighbors in G of the node that wish to join to an existing cluster-based structure and T is the sub-tree of the structure whose root is the leaving node. Finally, our simulation results describe that the proposed routing protocol finds a better route with less length and using less computational time.
Effects of Literacy Materials from School on Latino Children's Home Experiences and Early Reading Achievement

Yearlong case studies of 10 Hispanic kindergartners were conducted. Findings indicated that (1) the school had a large impact on children's home literacy experiences, (2) photocopied storybooks and work sheets sent home by children's teachers stimulated literacy experiences that were unique to each in some ways but similar in others, (3) although children in classrooms using photocopied storybooks had higher literacy test scores, the use of booklets in the home was not related to literacy achievement, whereas work sheet use at home was strongly and positively related to achievement. The study's implications for home-school literacy connections to support children's academic achievement are discussed.
Heterogeneous vs homogeneous MPSoC approaches for a Mobile LTE modem

Applications like 4G baseband modem require single-chip implementation to meet the integration and power consumption requirements. These applications demand a high computing performance with real-time constraints, low-power consumption and low cost. With the rapid evolution of telecom standards and the increasing demand for multi-standard products, the need for flexible baseband solutions is growing. The concept of Multi-Processor System-on-Chip (MPSoC) is well adapted to enable hardware reuse between products and between multiple wireless standards in the same device. Heterogeneous architectures are well known solutions but they have limited flexibility. Based on the experience of two heterogeneous Software Defined Radio (SDR) telecom chipsets, this paper presents the homoGENEous Processor arraY (GENEPY) platform for 4G applications. This platform is built with Smart ModEm Processors (SMEP) interconnected with a Network-on-Chip. The SMEP, implemented in 65nm low-power CMOS, can perform 3.2 GMAC/s with 77 GBits/s internal bandwidth at 400MHz. Two implementations of homogeneous GENEPY are compared to a heterogeneous platform in terms of silicon area, performance and power consumption. Results show that a homogeneous approach can be more efficient and flexible than a heterogeneous approach in the context of 4G Mobile Terminals.
Impact of interfraction seroma collection on breast brachytherapy dosimetry – a mathematical model

Purpose Balloon brachytherapy is a widely accepted modality for delivery of accelerated partial breast irradiation (APBI). Our hypothesis was that inter-fraction seroma collection around the balloon surface would have an adverse effect on dosimetry of the target. Material and methods This is a dosimetric re-planning study using two volumetric models (30 cc and 45 cc) in a Contura® multi-lumen balloon (MLB) catheter. In a previously treated patient, two customized baseline plans were generated using multiple channels of the Contura® catheter prescribed to the Planning Target Volume Evaluation (PTV_Eval). Symmetric expansions of 1.0 mm (0-9 mm) increments around the balloon surface were performed to simulate a “Virtual Seroma” (VS) accumulation for both balloon volumes and plans were obtained for each expansion using Eclipse Brachyvision™. An analysis of these plans was then performed to evaluate the effect of seroma accumulation on dosimetric parameters of V100 and V90. Results 20 plans were generated and analyzed (10 plans for each balloon volume), representing VS of 6.0-66.0 cc. There was a commensurate decrease in the dose delivered to the PTV_Eval V100 and V90 (as defined by the original treatment plan) with increasing VS accumulation leading to a sub-optimal coverage of the PTV_Eval. For 30 cc MLB catheter, V100 decreased by 1.4% and V90 decreased by 0.9% for every 1 cc of VS. For 45cc MLB catheter, V100 decreased by 1.3% and V90 decreased by 1.15% for every 1.0 cc accumulation of VS. Conclusions Balloon catheter-tissue adherence ensures daily dose delivery to the planned PTV_Eval. Accumulation of seroma, hematoma or air between HDR fractions can significantly impact PTV_Eval dosimetry. Vacuum-port aspiration prior to delivery of each fraction, if available, should be considered to minimize the risk of geographic under dosing.
Analysis of mitotic microtubule-associated proteins using mass spectrometry identifies astrin, a spindle-associated protein

We purified microtubules from a mammalian mitotic extract and obtained an amino acid sequence from each microtubule-associated protein by using mass spectrometry. Most of these proteins are known spindle-associated components with essential functional roles in spindle organization. We generated antibodies against a protein identified in this collection and refer to it as astrin because of its association with astral microtubule arrays assembled in vitro. Astrin is ≈134 kDa, and except for a large predicted coiled-coil domain in its C-terminal region it lacks any known functional motifs. Astrin associates with spindle microtubules as early as prophase where it concentrates at spindle poles. It localizes throughout the spindle in metaphase and anaphase and associates with midzone microtubules in anaphase and telophase. Astrin also localizes to kinetochores but only on those chromosomes that have congressed. Deletion analysis indicates that astrin's primary spindle-targeting domain is at the C terminus, although a secondary domain in the N terminus can target some of the protein to spindle poles. Thus, we have generated a comprehensive list of major mitotic microtubule-associated proteins, among which is astrin, a nonmotor spindle protein.
The Role of Communication in Creating and Maintaining a Learning Organization: Preconditions, Indicators, and Disciplines

This conceptual paper discusses the role communication plays in creating and maintaining learning organizations. A continuum ranging from Rational Choice Theory to Social Exchange Theory is proposed for relationship interac tions. These relation-based interactions are effective for organizations exposed to conditions of instability and complexity. Attention is given to the communica tion embedded in the preconditions necessary for developing learning organiza tions (trust, commitment, perceived organizational support), in the indicators needed for preparing for this state (organization-employee relationship, valuing the employee, employee empowerment, and employee ownership and acceptance of responsibility) and in what Senge refers to as the five disciplines of learning organizations (systems thinking, personal mastery, mental models, building a shared vision, and team learning). An organizational case study using commu nication and relationships to create and maintain a learning organization is presented. Implications and conclusions are discussed.
The Integration of Social Justice in Teacher Education

This article examines the integration of social justice in teacher education and defines dimensions of teachers’ opportunities to learn. Findings come from a comparative case study of two elementary teacher education programs: the Teachers for Tomorrow’s Schools Program at Mills College and the Teacher Education Intern Program at San José State University. Combining concepts from sociocultural theory and a theory of justice for the conceptual framework, this study illustrates how these programs addressed social justice in university courses and how teachers’ opportunities to learn varied across specific dimensions. Specifically, this article highlights teachers’ opportunities to develop conceptual and practical tools related to social justice as emphasizing the needs of students identified by their membership in educational categories and the needs of students identified by their status in oppressed groups. In addition, it addresses how variation in teachers’ opportunities informed their conceptions of students and their preparation.
Beyond the Hype. Working in the German Internet Industry

How are work and knowledge organized in high-skill services? This question is widely debated as these work-arrangements are often presented as precursors of a future reconciliation of flexibility and self-determination. After introducing some of the most important concepts, the focus will be directed towards the Internet-Industry, which has been perceived as an especially innovative part of the (German) labor market since the mid-1990s. It will be argued that this new industry has been constituted at the core of Internet-services, displaying a distinctive structure of (usually small) firms with rather clear-cut portfolios and job-profiles. Drawing upon 12 case-studies in German Internet-companies, we will discuss the nature and development of interdisciplinary project-work as well as the (changing) significance of flexible employment-relationships, flat hierarchies and indirect methods of control. Emerging is a picture of young companies, in which expectations of creative tasks and egalitarian work-structures are widespread among management and employees alike. They are, however, increasingly confronted with the need to rely upon routine work, stable employment, formal hierarchical structures and direct control under the conditions of consolidation after 2001. This makes the Internet-companies of our sample appear as rather typical small- and medium-sized enterprises, shaped by the German institutional framework of work-organization as well as by the front-line character of service work, although the (often frustrated) ideals of self-determination may prove to be a source of future innovation.