Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Global R&D Strategies in an Emerging Economy: The Development and Protection of Technological Competencies

Multinational firms investing in foreign R&D activities were examined as having two main concerns: protecting their existing technological competencies and developing new competencies. The proposition that they make strategic choices to deal simultaneously with both concerns was tested by analyzing published data on 348 R&D investments in China between 1997 and 2002. Investing multinationals were shown to prefer setting up wholly‐owned R&D labs in regions with poor IPR protection and cooperative ventures where protection was more robust. Cooperative ventures were preferred in regions with poorly developed factor markets, and wholly‐owned labs where factor markets functioned more efficiently. These findings are consistent with the idea that multinationals making such investments attempt to develop and protect their core technology assets by balancing entry mode choices against the location choice in terms of intellectual property protection and the level of factor market development in the host location.
[Study on red cell enzymes and isoenzymes in patients with leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes].

OBJECTIVE To define the prevalence of acquired red cell enzymopathy in leukemia and MDS patients and explore its clinical significance. METHODS Red cell enzymes (G6PD, 6PGD, PK, ENOL, ADA, PNP,ALD) activities and PK,ADA isoenzymes were assayed by the methods recommended by ICSH and PAGE electrophoresis. RESULTS The prevalence rate of G6PD deficiency was 43.1%, and of PK deficiency was 27.8%, in leukemia and MDS patients. The prevalence rates of PK, G6PD and PNP deficiency in MDS patients were 50%, 48% and 39.1%, respectively, while of ADA, ENOL and ALD over production in MDS patients were 69. 6%, 40% and 30. 4%, respectively. PK activity was increased in CML, while the PK isoenzyme pattern was normal. Administration of antitumor antibiotics to AL decreased G6PD and 6PGD activities (P < 0.05). ADA2 was expressed in MNC of AML (M4 and M5) and in RBC of CMML, but not expressed in ALL (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION Determination of enzymes may be used as prognostic parameters in CML,a predictor of antitumor drug resistance in acute leukemia, and a differential parameter between MDS-RA and aplastic anemia and between CML and CMML.
Penetration of cefotaxime and desacetylcefotaxime into brain abscesses in humans

Since clinical trials comparing the efficacies of different antibiotic regimens for treatment of brain abscesses are difficult to perform, the choice of antibiotics must rely on the antibacterial spectrum and the ability of the drug to penetrate into the abscess fluid. The aim of this investigation was to study the ability of cefotaxime and its active metabolite desacetylcefotaxime to penetrate into brain abscesses. Eight patients were given 3 g of cefotaxime intravenously every 8 h. Abscess fluid samples, obtained at surgery at various times after dosing, and blood samples were analyzed for their concentrations of cefotaxime and desacetylcefotaxime by using a newly developed microbiological assay. The brain abscess concentrations of cefotaxime and desacetylcefotaxime were 1.9 +/- 1.7 and 4.0 +/- 2.2 mg/liter, respectively. Simultaneous concentrations in plasma were 2.0 +/- 1.0 and 3.9 +/- 1.8 mg/liter, respectively. With increasing time following cefotaxime dosing there was a significant increase in the abscess:plasma concentration ratio of desacetylcefotaxime. Since both cefotaxime and desacetylcefotaxime penetrate well into the brain abscess, reaching concentrations above the MIC for probable bacteria except gram-negative anaerobes, it is concluded that cefotaxime in combination with metronidazole may be used as an alternative in the treatment of brain abscesses.
A STATE‐CONSTRAINED DIFFERENTIAL GAME ARISING IN OPTIMAL PORTFOLIO LIQUIDATION

We consider n risk‐averse agents who compete for liquidity in an Almgren–Chriss market impact model. Mathematically, this situation can be described by a Nash equilibrium for a certain linear quadratic differential game with state constraints. The state constraints enter the problem as terminal boundary conditions for finite and infinite time horizons. We prove existence and uniqueness of Nash equilibria and give closed‐form solutions in some special cases. We also analyze qualitative properties of the equilibrium strategies and provide corresponding financial interpretations.
Exploring the Role of Knowledge Networks in Perceived e-Government

What are the knowledge network configurations associated with effective e-government? To answer this question, a social network perspective is applied to explore the connection between e-government actors’ social networks and their perception of e-government effectiveness. Specifically, this study closely looks at both intraorganizational networks between program and IT units and interorganizational relationships with IT vendors in the context of local e-government. Two Korean local governments who provide online parking services through the same IT vendor were selected as comparative cases. Through the network analysis of two local governments, the study suggests preliminary findings for the knowledge network conditions for effective e-government: e-government effectiveness is likely to be enhanced (1) members of IT and program units are linked through a greater number of strong cross-unit ties; (2) they maintain strong ties with IT vendors; (3) CUBS take central positions in knowledge networks in a program unit; and (4) they are embedded in high density of intra-unit networks within their units.
THE ZOMBIE BANK AND THE MAGIC OF FINANCE

This paper takes the appearance of the figure of the ‘zombie bank’ during the recent financial crisis as a starting point to think about how to historicize crisis. A zombie bank is an undercapitalized financial institution that continues to operate due to the support extended to it by the government; it emerged in 2009 as a vivid representation of contemporary capitalism in crisis. By tracing the intertwined histories of zombies and representations of capitalism, I argue for the importance of historical persistence when considering anxieties about the ‘magic’ of finance provoked by the recent crisis. Fears of zombie banks, I suggest, recapitulate capitalism's whitewashed origins in credit and in the Caribbean. The crisis, therefore, represents an opportunity not only to reflect on current engagements with capitalism through an investigation of the figure of the zombie bank, but also to interrogate our models of historical continuity.
A Case Study of Organizational Change Strategies and Outcomes: Initiation of a Field Services Division within the Vermont Agency of Human Services

The restructuring and reorganization of governmental organizations is a frequent occurrence in the human service sector. During the past decades, the literature has indicated that numerous states located throughout the nation have been reforming their human service delivery systems (Annie E. Casey Foundation; Frumkin, Imershein, Chackerian, & Martin, 1983; Polivka, Imershein, White & Stivers, 1981; Ragan, 2003; Ragan with Nathan, 2002; Rockefeller Institute for Government). In 2004, the Vermont Agency of Human Services (AHS) joined this trend and began a reorganization effort of its own. This dissertation examines one aspect of the larger restructuring effort: the creation of a Field Services Division (FSD) within AHS. The organization of the FSD included placement of key leadership positions, known as Field Services Directors in each of the 12 regions of Vermont. This new management structure was intended to provide AHS leadership at the local level, and assist with transformation of AHS’ human services delivery system towards a model of service integration. This study explores the perspectives of the policy executives and field directors who were charged with visioning and implementing human service reforms in Vermont. The research employs a mixed-method, user-focused evaluative case study and survey approach (Patton, 2002; Russ-Eft & Preskill, 2001) to examine the organizational change strategies, processes, and perceived outcomes related to the FSD initiative. Findings indicate there have been successes and challenges associated with the initiation of a FSD within AHS. While field directors were designated as agents of change, data suggests that without further structural and system supports, service integration will not be easily achieved. Service coordination, consumer participation and development of community supports appear to offer the most promising practices in improving outcomes. This study also reveals that a local level of leadership offers promise in devising and implementing policy changes to improve human service delivery. The study informs future evaluations about the opportunities, challenges and paradoxes in human service reform efforts. The project contributes to the literature regarding organizational change and human service integration and suggests areas for future research. In addition, the analysis provides a framework to assist AHS in understanding the limitations and possibilities associated with this organizational change effort. Finally, it provides descriptive research with which to support continued improvement in the delivery of human services in Vermont. This dissertation research was supported by the Vermont Research Partnership; an endeavor which aims to study and improve the effectiveness of the collaborative, community-based initiatives of the Agency of Human Services, the Department of Education, the University of Vermont and the Vermont Association of Regional Partnerships.
The impact of structural capital on product innovation performance: an empirical analysis

By conducting a questionnaire within a network of Portuguese innovative small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and by using a combination of multivariate techniques to determine constructs and relations, the authors build on the intellectual capital and new product development perspectives to empirically analyse the influence of structural capital on product innovation performance. The results indicate that structural capital does have a significant and positive relationship with product innovation performance at Portuguese innovative SMEs. However, not all structural capital elements that were considered for the purpose of this study reveal such significant impact. In fact, 'product innovation management and strategy' stands out as the only structural capital element that significantly affects product innovation performance at the innovative SMEs level.
A Comment on the Bias of Probabilities Derived From Betting Odds and Their Use in Measuring Outcome Uncertainty

Probabilities from bookmaker odds are often used in measures of short-run outcome uncertainty. We analyzed the most commonly used methods for deriving probability forecasts from odds and found that basic normalization (BN) produces biased probabilities. Furthermore, differences between probabilities produced with BN, regression models, or Shin probabilities are large enough to lead to contradictory conclusions when used to measure outcome uncertainty. We also provide evidence against the reported bias of bookmakers favoring better supported teams and show how past evidence of such a bias is possibly only due to a misinterpretation of the results.
Do Demand Curves for Stocks Slope Down

Since September, 1976, stocks newly included into the Standard and Poor's 500 Index have earned a significant positive abnormal return at the announcement of the inclusion. This return does not disappear for at least ten days after the inclusion. The returns are positively related to measures of buying by index funds, consistent with the hypothesis that demand curves for stocks slope down. The returns are not related to S & P's bond ratings, which is inconsistent with a plausible version of the hypothesis that inclusion is a certification of the quality of the stock.
The Case For The Inexperienced User

Most citizen satisfaction surveys use filter questions to limit satisfaction responses to only those citizens with direct, personal experience with the service. The resulting small response set is inherently problematic, but no more so than the loss of valuable data on the expectations of service satisfaction from citizens who do not use the service. Borrowing a theoretical framework from the consumer satisfaction literature, this article identifies differences in the mean service satisfaction between inexperienced and experienced users of four common local government services (police, fire, emergency medical, and parks). The authors conclude that both experienced and inexperienced users have important information about service quality for local policy makers, especially when the satisfaction results can be disaggregated by neighborhood. Recommendations for modifying common citizen survey practice follow from the findings.
Altered reference ranges for protein C and protein S during early pregnancy: Implications for the diagnosis of protein C and protein S deficiency during pregnancy

Summary Protein S, protein C and antithrombin are important regulators of coagulation. While deficiencies of these proteins have been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes, testing for these deficiencies during pregnancy is limited by the use of non-pregnant reference ranges and a limited understanding of the changes that occur during pregnancy. Although several small studies have previously reported on the activity of these proteins during pregnancy, potentially important changes have been overlooked by continuing to compare the activity during pregnancy with non-pregnant reference ranges. In the current study, we investigated the activity of protein S, protein C and antithrombin during the first half of pregnancy in 440 otherwise asymptomatic women who went on to have uncomplicated singleton pregnancies. Consistent with previous studies, we found that antithrombin activity remained unchanged, while protein S activity decreased significantly to a mean level of 46%. We did not observe a progressive decrease in protein S during the second trimester as several studies have suggested previously. In contrast, we observed a potentially biologically significant increase in protein C activity throughout the first 22 weeks of pregnancy. Given the physiological role of protein C, we postulate that this increase may play a role in maintaining early pregnancy through both an anticoagulant and an inflammatory regulation pathway.
Equilibrium adjustment, basis risk and risk transmission in spot and forward foreign exchange markets

This study investigates the risk transmission between the spot and forward foreign exchange markets. In particular, the effect of innovation basis and signs of shocks in both markets are assessed. The market is less predictable when the spot and forward markets have experienced shocks of opposite signs. The spot market and the forward market are less predictable when both the spot and forward markets have experienced higher uncertainty in the previous periods, but the forward market is influenced more by the uncertainty of its own.
Organizational Commitment of Directors in Collaborative Tourist Organizations

This study focuses on commitment as a key factor for successful collaboration in tourism. Taking a corporate governance perspective, we studied directors in tourist organization boards and examined possible effects of directors’ strategic orientation (holistic orientation vs. stakeholder orientation) and compensation on organizational commitment. In line with recent behavioral perspectives on boards, this study accounted for board processes, including variables measuring intragroup conflict and effort norms. The sample included 307 directors in 98 Norwegian organizations. Findings underline the importance of recognizing the benefits of joint attempts and a community mindset among collaborators in tourist organizations. The results further indicated that board processes influence directors’ organizational commitment. The effect of a holistic orientation toward the destination and the goals and values of the collaborative organizations was mediated by both the perception of intragroup conflict and effort norms in the board. In addition, effort norms mediated the relationship between compensation and commitment.
Time and productivity growth in services: how motion pictures industrialized entertainment

When taking into account time, services can experience similar productivity gains as manufacturing. Motion pictures constituted the first technology that industrialized a labour-intensive service. Measuring output in time spent consuming them doubles output growth from 4.2 to as much as 9 percent per annum, accounting for 2 percent of U.S. GDP-growth between 1900 and 1938. Pure productivity growth caused 60 percent of this, their growing GDP-share 24 percent, and input transfers and physical capital each 8 percent. Falling ticket prices and rising opportunity costs kept the full-cost per spectator-hour constant, suggesting that the surge in demand was caused by rising full incomes and entertainment’s high income elasticity. Imploding prices limited the pictures’ expenditure share and made the economic impact go largely unnoticed.
Recruitment, Selection, and Internal Labour Markets in Britain and Germany

Recruitment and selection policies of firms is a largely neglected, though important, research area which provides insights into the functioning of labour markets and the social reproduction of organizations. This article is based upon comparative research conducted in Britain and German firms situated in different local labour markets. For each firm, data on selection criteria for different groups of workers, on recruitment channels and on recruitment procedures has been collected. A typology of recruitment strategies is developed which shows how environmental conditions and organizational structures influence the recruitment strategy of a firm. Depending on their market power, professional expertise and decision-making structure, firms implement different recruitment strategies which influence the type of worker who is recruited. 'Discrimi nation' in the labour market is seen as a rational decision-making process of organiza tions. It is the specific outcome of a recruitment strategy which the firm has implemented over the years.
Multispectral pedestrian detection based on deep convolutional neural networks

Vision-based pedestrian detection for all day are crucial in Advance Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS), autonomous vehicles and video surveillance. Based on the fact that human body radiation falls around 9.3pm, thermal images have distinctive advantages in pedestrian detection at nighttime. With the recent success of CNNs in vision community, how to properly explore information in color and thermal images in CNNs-based methods attracts attention of researchers. The contributions of this paper are twofold: First, multiple multispectral pedestrian detectors based on the Single Shot Detector (SSD) framework have been developed. Second, the performance of different pixel-level image fusion methods in multispectral CNN-based pedestrian detectors is evaluated. Extensive results based on KAIST multispectral pedestrian benchmark show that good pixel-level image fusion methods are complementary to both early-fusion and late-fusion CNN architectures at nighttime. The combination of image fusion and late-fusion CNN architectures can more properly exploit the multispectral information and achieve the best detection performance.
A 60 GHz Power Amplifier With 14.5 dBm Saturation Power and 25% Peak PAE in CMOS 65 nm SOI

A 60 GHz wideband power amplifier (PA) is fabricated in a standard CMOS SOI 65 nm process. The PA is based on two cascode stages. Input, output and inter-stage matching use coplanar wave guide (CPW) transmission lines that have low losses thanks to the high-resistivity SOI substrate (3 kΩ · cm). The PA measurements are carried out for supply voltages VDD going from 1.2 V to 2.6 V and achieve a saturation power of 10 dBm to 16.5 dBm respectively. The peak power-added efficiency (PAE) is higher than 20% for all applied VDD values.
Client satisfaction in Indian banks: an empirical study

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors impacting customer satisfaction in Indian banks and analyze their effects the level of customer satisfaction through a regression analysis. The primary contribution of this study is the analysis and resulting insights on the critical factors impacting client satisfaction within the Indian retail banking sector.Design/methodology/approach – A 28 item questionnaire was prepared based on literature review and discussions with current customers of Indian banks. The questionnaire was then sent out to current customers of 13 retail banks in India. In total, 420 completed questionnaires were received, out of which 400 were found to have been accurately and completely answered. The 28‐item instrument has been empirically tested for unidimensionality, reliability and validity using Cronbach alpha and exploratory factor analysis.Findings – A factor analysis suggests that there are five factors driving customer satisfaction: “service quality”, “ambience/.
Perception of Spanish professionals on therapeutic adherence of dual diagnosis patients.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to determine the health professionals perspective about the therapeutic adherence among dual diagnosis patients. It also analyzed the most frequently used pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatments. The aim is to learn the professional;s perception regarding the reasons for nonadherence and to identify the type of strategies that may improve adherence. METHODOLOGY We performed an on-line survey that was answered by 169 health professionals (79.8%, doctors or psychologists) who were working in centers where the dual diagnosis patients could be treated (Mental Health Centers, Drug Outpatients Clinics, Inpatient Unit, private practice). RESULTS A majority of the mental health professionals perceive the existence of non-compliance of dual diagnosis patients and they consider that 29.8% have no compliance and 39.15% have partial compliance. In addition, 96.2% believe that treatment nonadherence can be related with poor evolution in a severe or very severe degree. The reasons for the nonadherence to treatment are the poor disease awareness, side effects, low efficacy and complicated posologies. No differences were found regarding the difficulties and reasons for non-compliance between professionals or centers. It is proposed that using drugs with low side effects drugs and easy-to-manage can improve compliance. It is also proposed to use motivational techniques, psychoeducation and psychological treatment. CONCLUSIONS The perception exists that a high proportion of dual patients have poor treatment adherence, which affects the therapeutical process. Efforts should be done to improve the pharmacological and nonpharmacological treatment.