Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting Posttraumatic Growth in Survivors of Interpersonal Trauma: Gender Role Adherence is More Important Than Gender

While research supports a relationship between gender and posttraumatic growth (PTG), the relationship between gender norms and PTG is understudied. The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship of gender role adherence to PTG in male and female survivors of interpersonal violence. Grounded in previous research, we hypothesized that men would report greater levels of experiencing nonsexual interpersonal violence than women and women would report greater levels of sexual interpersonal violence and PTG than men (Hypothesis 1); masculine traits would negatively predict PTG for all participants (Hypothesis 2); and feminine traits would positively predict PTG (Hypothesis 3). A sample of 119 college students who filled out questionnaires online and reported experiencing interpersonal violence was selected for this study. Hierarchical linear regressions were conducted predicting PTG. In contrast to previous research, gender did not predict PTG. Hypotheses 1 and 3 were supported and Hypothesis 2 was not supported. Masculine role adherence was the strongest positive predictor of PTG. Altruism paired with healthy masculine norms predicted PTG better than masculine norms alone. Feminine role adherence also positively predicted PTG. For intervention, changing how we look at gender roles can help address the wide-ranging effects of violence. Gender role adherence, rather than gender, may be a strong predictor of PTG after interpersonal violence.
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Mediates the Anti-Apoptotic Effect of NMDA in Cerebellar Granule Neurons: Signal Transduction Cascades and Site of Ethanol Action

Cerebellar granule neurons cultured in medium containing a physiological concentration of KCl (5 mm) undergo apoptosis. The cells can be rescued by the in vitroaddition of NMDA. The protective effect of NMDA is thought to reflect the in vivo innervation of developing cerebellar granule neurons by glutamatergic afferents. In the current work, we investigated the mechanism of the anti-apoptotic (protective) effect of NMDA. NMDA treatment reduced caspase-3-like activity in cerebellar granule neurons, and the time course and concentration dependence of the protective effect of NMDA mirrored the ability of NMDA to induce brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. Furthermore, a Trk receptor antagonist, K252a, as well as a blocking antibody to BDNF, attenuated the protective effects of both NMDA and BDNF. These results suggest that NMDA-induced BDNF expression mediates the anti-apoptotic effect of NMDA. The protective effects of NMDA and BDNF were reduced by inhibitors of the phosphatidylinositol 3′-OH kinase (PI 3-kinase) signal transduction cascade (wortmannin and LY29004) but not by a MAP kinase kinase (MEK) inhibitor (PD98059) or a protein kinase A inhibitor (Rp-cAMPS). BDNF increased phosphorylation of Akt, a target of PI 3-kinase, and NMDA also induced Akt phosphorylation, but only after an exposure that was long enough to induce BDNF expression. Furthermore, ethanol, which interferes with NMDA receptor function, inhibited the NMDA-induced increase in BDNF levels but did not block the protective effect of BDNF. These findings further support the role of BDNF in the anti-apoptotic effect of NMDA in cerebellar granule neurons and suggest that the NMDA–BDNF interaction may play a key role inin vivo cerebellar granule neuron development, as well as in the deleterious effects of ethanol on the developing cerebellum.
Event-driven power management of portable systems

The policy optimization problem for dynamic power management has received considerable attention in the recent past. We formulate policy optimization as a constrained optimization problem on continuous-time semi-Markov decision processes (SMDP). SMDPs generalize the stochastic optimization approach based on discrete-time Markov decision processes (DTMDP) presented in the earlier work by relaxing two limiting assumptions. In SMDPs, decisions are made at each event occurrence instead of at each discrete time interval as in DTMDP and thus saving power and giving higher performance. In addition, SMDPs can have general inter-state transition time distributions, allowing for greater generality and accuracy in modeling real-life systems where transition times between power states are not geometrically distributed.
Periplasmic chaperone FkpA is essential for imported colicin M toxicity

Chaperones facilitate correct folding of newly synthesized proteins. We show here that the periplasmic FkpA chaperone is required for killing Escherichia coli by colicin M entering cells from the outside. Highly active colicin M preparations were inactive against fkpA mutant cells; 104‐fold dilutions killed fkpA+ cells. Three previously isolated spontaneous mutants tolerant to colicin M carried a stop codon or an IS1 insertion in the peptidyl‐prolyl‐cis‐trans‐isomerase (PPIase) domain (C‐domain) of FkpA, which resulted in deletion of the domain. A randomly generated mutant carried a G148D mutation in the C‐domain. A temperature‐sensitive mutant tolerant to colicin M carried a Y25N mutation in the FkpA N‐domain. Mutants transformed with wild‐type fkpA were colicin M‐sensitive. Isolated FkpA‐His reduced colicin M‐His cleavage by proteinase K and renatured denatured colicin M‐His in vitro; renaturation was prevented by the PPIase inhibitor FK506. In both assays, periplasmic SurA‐His had no effect. No other tested periplasmic chaperone could activate colicin M. Among the tested colicins, only colicin M required FkpA for activity. Colicin M bound to cells via FhuA was inactivated by trypsin; unbound colicin M retained activity. We propose that colicin M unfolds during import across the outer membrane, FkpA specifically assists in folding colicin M into an active toxin in the periplasm and PPIase is essential for colicin M activity. Colicin M is a suitable tool for the isolation of FkpA mutants used to elucidate the functions of the FkpA N‐ and C‐domains.
N=2 strings and the twistorial Calabi-Yau

We interpret the A and B model topological strings on CP^{3|4} as equivalent to open N=2 string theory on spacetime with signature (2,2), when covariantized with respect to SO(2,2) and supersymmetrized a la Siegel. We propose that instantons ending on Lagrangian branes wrapping RP^{3|4} deform the self-dual N=4 Yang-Mills sector to ordinary Yang-Mills by generating a `t Hooft like expansion. We conjecture that the A and B versions are S-dual to each other. We also conjecture that mirror symmetry may explain the recent observations of Witten that twistor transformed N=4 Yang-Mills amplitudes lie on holomorphic curves.
Multiplet structures of BPS solitons

There exist simple single-charge and multi-charge BPS p-brane solutions in the D-dimensional maximal supergravities. From these, one can fill out orbits in the charge vector space by acting with the global symmetry groups. We give a classification of these orbits, and the associated cosets that parametrize them.
Genome segmentation using piecewise constant intensity models and reversible jump MCMC

The existence of whole genome sequences makes it possible to search for global structure in the genome. We consider modeling the occurrence frequencies of discrete patterns (such as starting points of ORFs or other interesting phenomena) along the genome. We use piecewise constant intensity models with varying number of pieces, and show how a reversible jump Markov Chain Monte Carlo (RJMCMC) method can be used to obtain a posteriori distribution on the intensity of the patterns along the genome. We apply the method to modeling the occurrence of ORFs in the human genome. The results show that the chromosomes consist of 5-35 clearly distinct segments, and that the posteriori number and length of the segments shows significant variation. On the other hand, for the yeast genome the intensity of ORFs is nearly constant.
qEEG / LORETA in Assessment of Neurocognitive Impairment in a Patient with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Case Report

Importance: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) is a chronic disease resulting in considerable and widespread cognitive deficits. Accurate and accessible measurement of the extent and nature of these deficits can aid healthcare providers and researchers in the diagnosis of this condition, choosing interventions and tracking treatment effects. Here, we present a case of a middle-aged man diagnosed with CFS which began following a typical viral illness. Observations: LORETA source density measures of surface EEG connectivity at baseline were performed on 3 minutes of eyes closed deartifacted19-channel qEEG. The techniques used to analyze the data are described along with the hypothesized effects of the deregulation found in this data set. Nearly all (>90%) patients with CFS complain of cognitive deficits such as slow thinking, difficulty in reading comprehension, reduced learning and memory abilities and an overall feeling of being in a “fog. ”Therefore, impairment may be seen in deregulated connections with other regions (functional connectivity); this functional impairment may serve as one cause of the cognitive decline in CFS. Here, the functional connectivity networks of this patient were sufficiently deregulated to cause the symptoms listed above. Conclusions and significance: This case report increased our understanding of CFS from the perspective of brain functional networks by offering some possible explanations for cognitive deficits in patients with CFS. There are only a few reports of using source density analysis or qEEG connectivity analysis for cognitive deficits in CFS. While no absolute threshold exists to advise the physician as to when to conduct such analyses, the basis of his or her decision whether or not to use these tools should be a function of clinical judgment and experience. These analyses may potentially aid in clinical diagnosis, symptom management, treatment response and can alert the physician as to when intervention may be warranted.
Out-of-class communication and awareness of English as a Lingua Franca

This article reports on the implementation of an out-of-class communication component of a university ELT course in Hong Kong to raise students’ awareness of the pluralistic nature of English as a Lingua Franca (ELF). Drawing on students’ written reflections as part of the coursework, the study investigated how out-of-class ELF communication activities impacted on students’ understanding of English in a global context. Findings suggest that students developed an increased awareness of ELF as a result of the communication activities. In particular, they appreciated the diversity of English in the world, questioned the relevance of native-speaker norms, and emphasized the importance of communicative strategies in ELF communication. In addition, they reported practical and personal benefits derived from the out-of-class communication activities. The study points to the importance of first-hand, out-of-class communication experiences in raising students’ awareness of ELF and the role of reflection in developing students’ critical consciousness of the global role of English.
Multi-Dimensional Logic Programming : Theoretical

This paper introduces an extension of logic programming based on multi-dimensional logics, called MLP. In a multi-dimensional logic the values of elements vary depending on more than one dimension, such as time and space. The resulting logic programming language is suitable for modelling objects which involve implicit and/or explicit temporal and spatial dependencies. The execution of programs of the language is based on a resolution-type proof procedure called MSLD-resolution (for Multi-dimensional SLD-resolution). MSLD-resolution is based on the axioms and rules of inference of the underlying multi-dimensional logic. The paper also establishes the declarative semantics of multi-dimensional logic programs , based on an extension of Herbrand models. In particular, it is shown that MLP programs satisfy the minimum model semantics. A novel multidimensional interface to MLP is also outlined; it can be used as a powerful development tool with the advantage non-determinism inherent in logic programming.
Evaluating the Learning Effectiveness of Using Web-Based Instruction: An Individual Differences Approach

The use of Web-based instruction is becoming widespread in higher education; however, much remains to be learned about how different learners react to such instructional programs. The study presented in this article evaluates studentsâ€™ learning performance and their perceptions in a Web-based instructional program, which was applied to teach students how to use HTML in Brunel Universityâ€™s Department of Information Systems and Computing. Sixty-one masterâ€™s students participated in this study. A number of interesting interactions were found. Studentsâ€™ task achievements were affected by the levels of their previous system experience. On the other hand, the post-test and gain scores were positively influenced by their perceptions and attitudes toward the Web-based instructional program. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Structural Analysis of CTLA-4 Function In Vivo1

CTLA-4-mediated inhibition of T cell activation may be accomplished by competition for ligands and/or by signals mediated through the intracellular domain. Studies have implicated Tyr201 in the cytoplasmic domain of CTLA-4 in regulating CTLA-4 signal transduction and intracellular trafficking. To investigate the mechanism of CTLA-4 function in vivo, transgenes encoding wild-type CTLA-4 (FL), a mutant lacking the cytoplasmic domain of CTLA-4 (ΔCTLA-4 tail), or a CTLA-4 Tyr201 mutant (Y201V) were introduced into CTLA-4-deficient mice. CTLA-4−/− mice display an autoimmune lymphoproliferative disorder resulting in tissue destruction and early death. When either the FL or the Y201V transgene was bred into CTLA-4−/− animals, a complete rescue from lymphoproliferation and autoimmunity was observed. In contrast, CTLA-4−/− mice expressing the ΔCTLA-4 tail transgene were long lived with no evidence of multiorgan lymphocytic infiltration, but exhibited lymphadenopathy and accumulated large numbers of activated T cells. Furthermore, these animals displayed a Th2-biased phenotype which conferred susceptibility to Leishmania infection. These results indicate that the inhibitory effect of CTLA-4 is mediated in part through the ability of the extracellular domain to compete for ligands. The cytoplasmic domain of CTLA-4, however, is required for complete inhibitory function of the receptor and for regulation of Th cell differentiation in vivo.
Accurate numerical discretizations of non-conservative hyperbolic systems

We present an alternative framework for designing efficient numerical schemes for non-conservative hyperbolic systems. This approach is based on the design of entropy conservative discretizations and suitable numerical diffusion operators that mimic the effect of underlying viscous mechanisms. This approach is illustrated by considering two model non-conservative systems: Lagrangian gas dynamics in non-conservative form and a form of isothermal Euler equations. Numerical experiments demonstrating the robustness of this approach are presented.
The maximum hypervolume set yields near-optimal approximation

In order to allow a comparison of (otherwise incomparable) sets, many evolutionary multiobjective optimizers use indicator functions to guide the search and to evaluate the performance of search algorithms. The most widely used indicator is the hypervolume indicator. It measures the volume of the dominated portion of the objective space. Though the hypervolume indicator is very popular, it has not been shown that maximizing the hypervolume indicator is indeed equivalent to the overall objective of finding a good approximation of the Pareto front. To address this question, we compare the optimal approximation factor with the approximation factor achieved by sets maximizing the hypervolume indicator. We bound the optimal approximation factor of n points by 1+Θ(1/n) for arbitrary Pareto fronts. Furthermore, we prove that the same asymptotic approximation ratio is achieved by sets of n points that maximize the hypervolume indicator. This shows that the speed of convergence of the approximation ratio achieved by maximizing the hypervolume indicator is asymptotically optimal. This implies that for large values of n, sets maximizing the hypervolume indicator quickly approach the optimal approximation ratio. Moreover, our bounds show that also for relatively small values of n, sets maximizing the hypervolume indicator achieve a near-optimal approximation ratio.
Cultural Influences on Neural Substrates of Attentional Control

Behavioral research has shown that people from Western cultural contexts perform better on tasks emphasizing independent (absolute) dimensions than on tasks emphasizing interdependent (relative) dimensions, whereas the reverse is true for people from East Asian contexts. We assessed functional magnetic resonance imaging responses during performance of simple visuospatial tasks in which participants made absolute judgments (ignoring visual context) or relative judgments (taking visual context into account). In each group, activation in frontal and parietal brain regions known to be associated with attentional control was greater during culturally non-preferred judgments than during culturally preferred judgments. Also, within each group, activation differences in these regions correlated strongly with scores on questionnaires measuring individual differences in culture-typical identity. Thus, the cultural background of an individual and the degree to which the individual endorses cultural values moderate activation in brain networks engaged during even simple visual and attentional tasks.
Internet Users' Information Privacy-Protective Responses: A Taxonomy and a Nomological Model

Although Internet users are expected to respond in various ways to privacy threats from online companies, little attention has been paid so far to the complex nature of how users respond to these threats. This paper has two specific goals in its effort to fill this gap in the literature. The first, so that these outcomes can be systematically investigated, is to develop a taxonomy of information privacy-protective responses (IPPR). This taxonomy consists of six types of behavioral responses-refusal, misrepresentation, removal, negative word-of-mouth, complaining directly to online companies, and complaining indirectly to third-party organizations-that are classified into three categories: information provision, private action, and public action. Our second goal is to develop a nomological model with several salient antecedents-concerns for information privacy, perceived justice, and societal benefits from complaining-of IPPR, and to show how the antecedents differentially affect the six types of IPPR. The nomological model is tested with data collected from 523 Internet users. The results indicate that some discernible patterns emerge in the relationships between the antecedents and the three groups of IPPR. These patterns enable researchers to better understand why a certain type of IPPR is similar to or distinct from other types of IPPR. Such an understanding could enable researchers to analyze a variety of behavioral responses to information privacy threats in a fairly systematic manner. Overall, this paper contributes to researchers' theory-building efforts in the area of information privacy by breaking new ground for the study of individuals' responses to information privacy threats.
Gestures à Go Go

Training a high-quality gesture recognizer requires providing a large number of examples to enable good performance on unseen, future data. However, recruiting participants, data collection, and labeling, etc., necessary for achieving this goal are usually time consuming and expensive. Thus, it is important to investigate how to empower developers to quickly collect gesture samples for improving UI usage and user experience. In response to this need, we introduce Gestures à Go Go (g3), a web service plus an accompanying web application for bootstrapping stroke gesture samples based on the kinematic theory of rapid human movements. The user only has to provide a gesture example once, and g3 will create a model of that gesture. Then, by introducing local and global perturbations to the model parameters, g3 generates from tens to thousands of synthetic human-like samples. Through a comprehensive evaluation, we show that synthesized gestures perform equally similar to gestures generated by human users. Ultimately, this work informs our understanding of designing better user interfaces that are driven by gestures.
The Requirement for Enhanced CREB1 Expression in Consolidation of Long-Term Synaptic Facilitation and Long-Term Excitability in Sensory Neurons of Aplysia

Accumulating evidence suggests that the transcriptional activator cAMP response element-binding protein 1 (CREB1) is important for serotonin (5-HT)-induced long-term facilitation (LTF) of the sensorimotor synapse in Aplysia. Moreover, creb1 is among the genes activated by CREB1, suggesting a role for this protein beyond the induction phase of LTF. The time course of the requirement for CREB1 synthesis in the consolidation of long-term facilitation was examined using RNA interference techniques in sensorimotor cocultures. Injection of CREB1 small-interfering RNA (siRNA) immediately or 10 h after 5-HT treatment blocked LTF when measured at 24 and 48 h after treatment. In contrast, CREB1 siRNA did not block LTF when injected 16 h after 5-HT treatment. These results demonstrate that creb1 expression must be sustained for a relatively long time to support the consolidation of LTF. In addition, LTF is also accompanied by a long-term increase in the excitability (LTE) of sensory neurons (SNs). Because LTE was observed in the isolated SN after 5-HT treatment, this long-term change was intrinsic to that element of the circuit. LTE was blocked when CREB1 siRNA was injected into isolated SNs immediately after 5-HT treatment. These data suggest that 5-HT-induced CREB1 synthesis is required for consolidation of both LTF and LTE.
Determinants of Satisfaction at Different Adoption Stages of Internet-Based Services

Early IS research on satisfaction investigated system characteristics affecting end-user satisfaction, relying mostly on the IS success model. More recent research, on the other hand, studied satisfaction formation in the context of web-based products and services, using the disconfirmation theory. The IS context, however, is different from the marketing context where the theory was originally developed. One important difference is the novelty effect associated with the constant and rapid advancement of information technology. Previous satisfaction studies did not account for the dynamic nature of satisfaction and the changeability of its determinants. Such variability may be more salient in the IS context due to the novelty effect. In this paper, we develop, operationalize and empirically test a model for explaining/predicting satisfaction with Internet-based services at adoption and post-adoption stages. We argue and empirically demonstrate the need to consider the evolutionary nature of satisfaction and the variability of its determinants. Our results show that desires and expectations are both important factors that need to be considered simultaneously in explaining satisfaction at adoption. The role of desires, however, diminishes significantly in the post-adoption stage. The results also show no significant relationship between post-adoption satisfaction and satisfaction at adoption. The augmented disconfirmation model resulting from this study constitutes an important step towards the development of an IS satisfaction theory that accounts for the evolution of satisfaction over adoption stages.