Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Parameterized Fielded Term Dependence Models for Ad-hoc Entity Retrieval from Knowledge Graph

Accurate projection of terms in free-text queries onto structured entity representations is one of the fundamental problems in entity retrieval from knowledge graphs. In this paper, we demonstrate that existing retrieval models for ad-hoc structured and unstructured document retrieval fall short of addressing this problem, due to their rigid assumptions. According to these assumptions, either all query concepts of the same type (unigrams and bigrams) are projected onto the fields of entity representations with identical weights or such projection is determined based only on one simple statistic, which makes it sensitive to data sparsity. To address this issue, we propose the Parametrized Fielded Sequential Dependence Model (PFSDM) and the Parametrized Fielded Full Dependence Model (PFFDM), two novel models for entity retrieval from knowledge graphs, which infer the user's intent behind each individual query concept by dynamically estimating its projection onto the fields of structured entity representations based on a small number of statistical and linguistic features. Experimental results obtained on several publicly available benchmarks indicate that PFSDM and PFFDM consistently outperform state-of-the-art retrieval models for the task of entity retrieval from knowledge graph.
2 Trading Frequency , Investor Returns & Behavioral Biases

We propose that all trading is not bad rather there is an optimal level of trading activity that is related to investor sophistication and portfolio size. Using ownership records from the Helsinki Stock Exchange in Finland, we find that the least frequent traders among households earned average monthly gross returns of 2.36%. The household investors who traded the most frequently earned 1.10%. The least frequently trading institutional investors in the sample trade more than the most active households, and still earn better returns, 2.88%. The most frequently trading institutions not including nominees and market makers earn a 1.26% which is still better than the most active households. Overall, the results suggest that a significant fraction of household and institutional investors trade far more frequently than they rationally should, and that this excessive trading has a substantial negative effect on their portfolio returns. The results indicate that investors are prone to substantial behavioral biases such as overconfidence, the competence effect and the disposition effect. JEL Classification: G10
The Bright Ages Survey. I. Imaging Data

This is the first paper in a series presenting and analyzing data for a K-selected sample of galaxies collected in order to identify and study galaxies at moderate to high redshift in rest-wavelength optical light. The sample contains 842 objects over six separate fields covering 75.6 arcmin2 down to K = 20-20.5. We combine the K band with UBVRIzJH multiband imaging, reaching depths of R ~ 26. Two of the fields studied also have deep HST WFPC2 imaging, totaling more than 60 hr in the F300W, F450W, F606W, and F814W filters. Using artificial galaxy modeling and extraction, we measure 85% completeness limits down to K = 19.5-20, depending on the field examined. The derived K-band number counts are in good agreement with previous studies. We find a density for extremely red objects (EROs; R - K > 5) of 1.55 ± 0.16 arcmin-2 for K < 19.7, dominated by the 1714+5015 field (centered on 53w002), with an ERO number density more than 3 times that of the other sample fields. If we exclude the counts for 1714+5015, our density is 0.95 ± 0.14 arcmin-2. Both ERO densities are consistent with previous measurements due to the significant known cosmic variance of these red sources. Keck spectroscopic redshifts were obtained for 18 of the EROs, all but one of which are emission galaxies. None of the EROs in the 1714+5015 field for which we obtained spectroscopic redshifts are associated with the known z = 2.39 overdensity, although there are three different galaxy redshift pairs (z = 0.90, 1.03, and 1.22).
Gender Differences in Foreign Language Anxiety at an Ethiopian University: Mizan-Tepi University Third Year English Major Students in Focus

Purpose:This study mainly investigated the possible differences of English language anxiety between female and male students.Methodology:The Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS), developed by Horwitz, Horwitz and Cope (1986), consisting of 33 items was administered to the entire population (28 females and 50 males) of English major third year students at Mizan-Tepi University to measure their anxiety level. The students’ first semester English final examination result was used to determine the association between English classroom anxiety and English achievement test result in female and male students. Interviews were also made with six students (top three anxious from each gender) to validate the quantitative results. To this end, descriptive statistics, t-test, and Pearson’s Moment Correlation Coefficient were used to answer the research questions.Findings:According to the findings of the study, it was found that females had higher anxiety level in their English classes than their counterpart males. Using the t-test, it was also found that students’ anxiety were significantly vary by their gender. The Pearson’s Moment Correlation Coefficient showed that there was a significant negative relationship between students’ foreign language anxiety and their English achievement, though the debilitative effect of English anxiety were more serious in females with compared to males. The findings of this study demonstrated that significant gender differences in foreign language anxiety were found.Contribution to practice and policy recommendations: Teachers should administer a FLCAS for diagnostic purpose if they cannot identify their highly anxious students by simply looking at them. They should also help students adopt an attitude that mistakes are a part of language learning and will be made by everyone. Further, Teachers should also avoid overcorrection; and rather develop techniques and strategies for error correction that decrease negative affect and build students’ low self-esteem.
Keck Adaptive Optics Imaging of 0.5 < z < 1 Field Galaxies from the Hubble Space Telescope Archive

We have employed natural guide star adaptive optics (AO) on the Keck II telescope to obtain near-infrared (H and K') images of three field galaxies, each of redshift greater than 0.5. These are among the highest-redshift non-active disk galaxies to be imaged with AO. Each of the galaxies was chosen because it had been observed previously with the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) by others. Our AO images in the near-infrared (NIR) closely match both the depth and high spatial resolution of those optical data. Combining the archival V and I data with our new H and K′ images potentially produces a long-wavelength baseline at uniform resolution. The NIR data probe emission well longward of the 4000 Å break at these redshifts and provide stellar fluxes less contaminated by dust. We fitted two-dimensional galaxy bulge+disk models simultaneously in all bands and compare stellar population synthesis modeling to the photometry of these separated components. This is an initial foray into combining HST and AO imaging to produce a high spatial resolution multicolor data set for a large sample of faint galaxies. Our pilot program shows that NIR AO images from large ground-based observatories, augmented by HST images in the optical, can in principle provide a powerful tool for the analysis of faint field galaxies. However, the AO data signal-to-noise ratio will have to be increased, and AO PSFs need to be controlled more carefully than they were here.
Planar gravitational corrections for supersymmetric gauge theories

In this paper we discuss the contribution of planar diagrams to gravitational F-terms for N = 1 supersymmetric gauge theories admitting large N description. We show how the planar diagrams lead to a universal contribution at the extremum of the glueball superpotential, leaving only the genus one contributions, as was previously conjectured. We also discuss the physical meaning of gravitational F-terms.
Social Networks' Facebook' Statutes Updates Mining for Sentiment Classification

In recent years, text mining and sentiment analysis have received great attention due to the abundance of opinion data that exist in social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, etc. Sentiments are projected on these media using texts for expressing feelings such as friendship, social support, anger, happiness, etc. Existing sentiment analysis studies tend to identify user behaviors and state of minds but remain insufficient due to complexities in conveyed texts. In this research paper, we focus on the usage of text mining for sentiment classification. Illustration is performed on Tunisian users' statuses on "Facebook" posts during the "Arabic Spring" era. Our aim is to extract useful information, about users' sentiments and behaviors during this sensitive and significant period. For that purpose, we propose a method based on Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Naïve Bayes. We also construct a sentiment lexicon, based on the emoticons, interjections and acronyms', from extracted statuses updates. Moreover, we perform some comparative experiments between two machine learning algorithms SVM and Naïve Bayes through a training model for sentiment classification.
Ligation of Intersphincteric Fistula Tract Is Suitable for Recurrent Anal Fistulas from Follow-Up of 16 Months

Since 2007, ligation of the intersphincteric fistula tract (LIFT) for the management of anal fistula was all introduced with initial success and excitement. It remains controversial which surgical procedure is suitable for transsphincteric fistula, especially to complex anal fistula. This retrospective study was designed to evaluate the results in patients with recurrent anal fistula by LIFT. A retrospective study of 55 complex fistula patients who underwent LIFT procedure in a single medical center was analyzed. Patients and fistula characteristics, complications, and recurrences were reviewed. All 55 patients underwent the procedure with a median follow-up of 16 months. Median operative time was 44 (range 23–88) minutes. Of the 55 patients, 33 (60%) healed completely and did not require any further surgical treatment at end of follow-up. Twenty-two (40%) recurrences and six complications were observed. Compared with patients who had undergone more than two surgical procedures, LIFT was more suitable for patients who had undergone one to two surgical procedures, and significant difference was observed in number of operations before LIFT (p = 0.002). Clinicians can consider the use of LIFT for the treatment of recurrent anal fistulas. A larger number of patients and prospective study are needed to be performed.
Oxidative Stress Alters miRNA and Gene Expression Profiles in Villous First Trimester Trophoblasts

The relationship between oxidative stress and miRNA changes in placenta as a potential mechanism involved in preeclampsia (PE) is not fully elucidated. We investigated the impact of oxidative stress on miRNAs and mRNA expression profiles of genes associated with PE in villous 3A first trimester trophoblast cells exposed to H2O2 at 12 different concentrations (0-1 mM) for 0.5, 4, 24, and 48 h. Cytotoxicity, determined using the SRB assay, was used to calculate the IC50 of H2O2. RNA was extracted after 4 h exposure to H2O2 for miRNA and gene expression profiling. H2O2 exerted a concentration- and time-dependent cytotoxicity on 3A trophoblast cells. Short-term exposure of 3A cells to low concentration of H2O2 (5% of IC50) significantly altered miRNA profile as evidenced by significant changes in 195 out of 595 evaluable miRNAs. Tool for annotations of microRNAs (TAM) analysis indicated that these altered miRNAs fall into 43 clusters and 34 families, with 41 functions identified. Exposure to H2O2 altered mRNA expression of 22 out of 84 key genes involved in dysregulation of placental development. In conclusion, short-term exposure of villous first trimester trophoblasts to low concentrations of H2O2 significantly alters miRNA profile and expression of genes implicated in placental development.
Impact of Missing Passive Microwave Sensors on Multi-Satellite Precipitation Retrieval Algorithm

The impact of one or two missing passive microwave (PMW) input sensors on the end product of multi-satellite precipitation products is an interesting but obscure issue for both algorithm developers and data users. On 28 January 2013, the Version-7 TRMM Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) products were reproduced and re-released by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Goddard Space Flight Center because the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit-B (AMSU-B) and the Special Sensor Microwave Imager-Sounder-F16 (SSMIS-F16) input data were unintentionally disregarded in the prior retrieval. Thus, this study investigates the sensitivity of TMPA algorithm results to missing PMW sensors by intercomparing the “early” and “late” Version-7 TMPA real-time (TMPA-RT) precipitation estimates (i.e., without and with AMSU-B, SSMIS-F16 sensors) with an independent high-density gauge network of 200 tipping-bucket rain gauges over the Chinese Jinghe river basin (45,421 km2). The retrieval counts and retrieval frequency of various PMW and Infrared (IR) sensors incorporated into the TMPA system were also analyzed to identify and diagnose the impacts of sensor availability on the TMPA-RT retrieval accuracy. Results show that the incorporation of AMSU-B and SSMIS-F16 has substantially reduced systematic errors. The improvement exhibits rather strong seasonal and topographic dependencies. Our analyses suggest that one or two single PMW sensors might play a key role in affecting the end product of current combined microwave-infrared precipitation estimates. This finding supports algorithm developers’ current endeavor in spatiotemporally incorporating as many PMW sensors as possible in the multi-satellite precipitation retrieval system called Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement mission (IMERG). This study also recommends users of satellite precipitation products to switch to the newest Version-7 TMPA datasets and the forthcoming IMERG products whenever they become available.
Real Data from a Testbed in Indoor Stairs Environment Considering BATMAN Protocol

In Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MANETs) mobility and the absence of any fixed infrastructure brings attractiveness for its usage in time-critical applications and indoor environments. In this paper, we investigate the performance of our MANET test bed in indoor stairs scenarios. We analyze the behavior of Better Approach To Mobile Ad-hoc Network (BATMAN), considering two metrics: throughput and packet loss. We design and implement two experimental scenarios: static stairs scenario and shifting stairs scenario. We draw conclusions regarding communications with different number of hops. From our experiments, we show that as the number of hops increases to three or more hops, the performance of the communication decreases. The performance decreases further when the nodes are mobile, as noticed in the shift stairs scenario.
The zoom lens of attention: Simulating shuffled versus normal text reading using the SWIFT model

Assumptions on the allocation of attention during reading are crucial for theoretical models of eye guidance. The zoom lens model of attention postulates that attentional deployment can vary from a sharp focus to a broad window. The model is closely related to the foveal load hypothesis, i.e., the assumption that the perceptual span is modulated by the difficulty of the fixated word. However, these important theoretical concepts for cognitive research have not been tested quantitatively in eye movement models. Here we show that the zoom lens model, implemented in the SWIFT model of saccade generation, captures many important patterns of eye movements. We compared the model's performance to experimental data from normal and shuffled text reading. Our results demonstrate that the zoom lens of attention might be an important concept for eye movement control in reading.
The Overexpression of Twinkle Helicase Ameliorates the Progression of Cardiac Fibrosis and Heart Failure in Pressure Overload Model in Mice

Myocardial mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) copy number decreases in heart failure. In post-myocardial infarction mice, increasing mtDNA copy number by overexpressing mitochondrial transcription factor attenuates mtDNA deficiency and ameliorates pathological remodeling thereby markedly improving survival. However, the functional significance of increased mtDNA copy number in hypertensive heart disease remains unknown. We addressed this question using transgenic mice that overexpress Twinkle helicase (Twinkle; Tg), the mtDNA helicase, and examined whether Twinkle overexpression protects the heart from left ventricular (LV) remodeling and failure after pressure overload created by transverse aortic constriction (TAC). Twinkle overexpression increased mtDNA copy number by 2.2±0.1-fold. Heart weight, LV diastolic volume and wall thickness were comparable between Tg and wild type littermates (WT) at 28 days after TAC operation. LV end-diastolic pressure increased in WT after TAC (8.6±2.8 mmHg), and this increase was attenuated in Tg (4.6±2.6 mmHg). Impaired LV fractional shortening after TAC operation was also suppressed in Tg, as measured by echocardiography (WT: 16.2±7.2% vs Tg: 20.7±6.2%). These LV functional improvements were accompanied by a decrease in interstitial fibrosis (WT: 10.6±1.1% vs Tg: 3.0±0.6%). In in vitro studies, overexpressing Twinkle using an adenovirus vector in cultured cardiac fibroblasts significantly suppressed mRNA of collagen 1a, collagen 3a and connective tissue growth factor, and angiotensin II-induced transforming growth factor β1 expression. The findings suggest that Twinkle overexpression prevents LV function deterioration. In conclusion, Twinkle overexpression increases mtDNA copy number and ameliorates the progression of LV fibrosis and heart failure in a mouse pressure overload model. Increasing mtDNA copy number by Twinkle overexpression could be a novel therapeutic strategy for hypertensive heart disease.
Teachers’ Understandings of Critical and Higher Order Thinking and What This Means for Their Teaching and Assessments

Critical and higher order thinking is essential to education, but it is not clear what teachers understand this to mean and what role this has in their instruction. We interviewed 38 teachers in Kindergarten to Grade 9 classrooms from 14 schools in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, to obtain their understandings of critical and higher order thinking in social studies and science, and how this affects instruction and assessment. The teachers believed that higher order thinking was important for all students, and attempted to teach thinking; however, they were less sure of how they might assess thinking. The teachers indicated uncertainty about what higher order thinking means, and believed they were not well prepared to teach or assess higher order thinking.
Microbial Removal of the Pharmaceutical Compounds Ibuprofen and Diclofenac from Wastewater

Studies on the occurrence of pharmaceuticals show that the widely used pharmaceuticals ibuprofen and diclofenac are present in relevant concentrations in the environment. A pilot plant treating hospital wastewater with relevant concentrations of these pharmaceuticals was evaluated for its performance to reduce the concentration of the pharmaceuticals. Ibuprofen was completely removed, whereas diclofenac yielded a residual concentration, showing the necessity of posttreatment to remove diclofenac, for example, activated carbon. Successively, detailed laboratory experiments with activated sludge from the same wastewater treatment plant showed bioremediation potential in the treatment plant. The biological degradation pathway was studied and showed a mineralisation of ibuprofen and degradation of diclofenac. The present microbes were further studied in laboratory experiments, and DGGE analyses showed the enrichment and isolation of highly purified cultures that degraded either ibuprofen or diclofenac. This research illuminates the importance of the involved bacteria for the effectiveness of the removal of pharmaceuticals in a wastewater treatment plant. A complete removal of pharmaceuticals from wastewater will stimulate water reuse, addressing the worldwide increasing demand for clean and safe fresh water.
INF2 mutations in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease with glomerulopathy.

BACKGROUND Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy has been reported to be associated with renal diseases, mostly focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). However, the common mechanisms underlying the neuropathy and FSGS remain unknown. Mutations in INF2 were recently identified in patients with autosomal dominant FSGS. INF2 encodes a formin protein that interacts with the Rho-GTPase CDC42 and myelin and lymphocyte protein (MAL) that are implicated in essential steps of myelination and myelin maintenance. We therefore hypothesized that INF2 may be responsible for cases of Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy associated with FSGS. METHODS We performed direct genotyping of INF2 in 16 index patients with Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy and FSGS who did not have a mutation in PMP22 or MPZ, encoding peripheral myelin protein 22 and myelin protein zero, respectively. Histologic and functional studies were also conducted. RESULTS We identified nine new heterozygous mutations in 12 of the 16 index patients (75%), all located in exons 2 and 3, encoding the diaphanous-inhibitory domain of INF2. Patients presented with an intermediate form of Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy as well as a glomerulopathy with FSGS on kidney biopsy. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed strong INF2 expression in Schwann-cell cytoplasm and podocytes. Moreover, we demonstrated that INF2 colocalizes and interacts with MAL in Schwann cells. The INF2 mutants perturbed the INF2-MAL-CDC42 pathway, resulting in cytoskeleton disorganization, enhanced INF2 binding to CDC42 and mislocalization of INF2, MAL, and CDC42. CONCLUSIONS INF2 mutations appear to cause many cases of FSGS-associated Charcot-Marie-Tooth neuropathy, showing that INF2 is involved in a disease affecting both the kidney glomerulus and the peripheral nervous system. These findings provide new insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms linking formin proteins to podocyte and Schwann-cell function. (Funded by the Agence Nationale de la Recherche and others.).
How relevant are Hofstede's dimensions for inter-cultural studies? A replication of Hofstede's research among current international business students

In the present study the cultural dimensions of the well known Dutch researcher Geert Hofstede were tested on a sample of international business students. The sample consisted of 1 033 students from the Netherlands, Germany, China, South Africa and Qatar. The findings of the present research contest many of Hofstede's original findings. The dimensions power distance and long-term orientation show significant differences with Hofstede's original country values. The dimensions individualism, masculinity and uncertainty avoidance show significant differences for half of the countries. No significant differences were found between male and female students. The results show—if anything—that Hofstede seems to be right with his warning to be careful with relatively small samples. Or, it might be that cultures are less stable after all.