Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Why do we need a computational theory of laboratory tasks?

Starting from Marr's ideas about levels of explanation, a theory of the data structures and access processes in human memory is demonstrated on 10 tasks. Functional characteristics of human memory are captured implementation-independently. Our theory generates a multidimensional task classification subsuming existing classifications such as the distinction between tasks that are implicit versus explicit, data driven versus conceptually driven, and simple associative (two-way bindings) versus higher order (threeway bindings), providing a broad basis for new experiments. The formal language clarifies the binding problem in episodic memory, the role of input pathways in both episodic and semantic (lexical) memory, the importance of the input set in episodic memory, and the ubiquitous calculation of an intersection in theories of episodic and lexical access.
Perceptions of father involvement patterns in teenage‐mother families: Predictors and links to mothers’ psychological adjustment*

Based on adolescent mothers' reports, longitudinal patterns of involvement of young, unmar- ried biological fathers (n = 77) in teenage-mother families using cluster analytic techniques were exam- ined. Approximately one third of fathers maintained high levels of involvement over time, another third demonstrated low involvement at both time points, and the final third started out highly involved at Wave 1 but decreased to low levels of involvement by Wave 2. Multinomial logistic analyses suggest that mothers' positive relationships with both the father and his family predict a greater likelihood of initiated and sustained high father involvement. In contrast, stronger support from the maternal grandmother is related to decreasing father involvement over time, and coresidence with the grandmother is related to sustained low father involvement. Whereas a decreasing pattern of father involvement was significantly associated with increased maternal parenting stress over time, the patterns of father involvement were unrelated to changes in young mothers' levels of depressive symptoms and mastery.
Foundational academic development: building collegiality across divides?

There is limited research into the effectiveness of non-accredited foundational courses for new academic staff. An ongoing issue is that of attention and anxiety overload in the critical first period of employment when the challenges of establishing oneself in a new collegial environment are most acute. Approaches to addressing this issue may be experienced as imposition by academic departments and new academics, while academic development staff may feel that they barely have time to ‘parachute in’ with survival strategies that are often at best highly generalised and at worst counter to best practice. In the present study, new academics were interviewed to gain insight into their experiences. A foundational academic programme is proposed that helps new academics cope with the challenges they face in the early stages of their employment. With this research, another question for further investigation arises: how can foundation programmes work across ‘structural divides’ of university departmentalism?
A CMOS micromachined capacitive tactile sensor with compensation of process variations

This paper presents a standard-CMOS-fabricated capacitive tactile sensor with high sensitivity and a sensing circuit with compensation of process variations. Both of the sensor and sensing circuit are fabricated on a single chip by a TSMC 0. 35μm CMOS MEMS technology. In order to create high sensitivity of the sensor for sensing circuit, a T-shaped protrusion is proposed. This sensor is constituted by the metal layer and the dielectric layer without extra thin film deposition, and can be completed with few simple post-processing steps. With the fully differential correlated double sampling capacitor-to-voltage converter (CDS-CVC) and reference capacitor correction, process variations are compensated. The measured sensitivity of the sensing circuit is 18mV/fF.
What Drives Interest Rate Swap Spreads ?

Existing models of the term structure of interest rate swap yields assume a unique regime for the data generating process and ascribe variations in swap-Treasury yield spread to default risk or to liquidity premium. However, the interest rate swap market has been marked by economic events and institutional changes that might have significant effects on the data generating process, and thus on the relationship between the swap spread and its determining factors. We investigate the stability of the relationship between the swap spread and its determining factors with the structural change econometric techniques of Bai and Perron (1998). The structural change tests produce endogenous break dates and associated confidence intervals. We trace the break dates to events related to liquidity, default, and institutional changes in the swap market. We find that default risk is an important source of variation of the swap spread at the beginning of the sample period, but is relatively less important at the end. Liquidity is, by contrast, more important towards the end of the sample period. Since these results call into question the assumption of one regime, we propose and estimate a joint Treasury and swap term structure model that accommodates regime switching. Evidence from the maximum likelihood estimation provides considerable support for the regime switching model. Consequently, the implied swap spreads may differ greatly across regimes. This finding suggests that the failure to account for regime shifts may result in significant mispricing of corporate debt, mortgage-backed securities, as well as derivatives that increasingly use the swap spread as a benchmark for pricing and hedging. JEL classification: G12; G13; G14
A cladistic analysis of Siboglinidae Caullery , 1914 ( Polychaeta , Annelida ) : formerly the phyla Pogonophora and Vestimentifera

It has been proposed in recent years that the phyla Pogonophora and Vestimentifera are a derived clade of polychaete annelids. It has also been proposed that if this clade belongs among polychaetes, then the taxon name Pogonophora is misleading and should revert to a name first formulated for the group, Siboglinidae Caullery, 1914. This recommendation is adopted in this paper, and a cladistic study using terminals of ‘generic’ rank in the former Pogonophora (including Vestimentifera) is undertaken. The purpose of this is to assess which taxon names should now be used for clades within Siboglinidae, and to provide a revised taxonomy, based on phylogenetic principles. Another major aim is to assess the position of the vestimentiferan clade within Siboglinidae. The results show that Vestimentifera is the sister group to Sclerolinum, and this clade is then sister group to Frenulata, i.e. the remaining Siboglinidae. The results suggest that all taxa within Siboglinidae that are not genera or species are redundant, except for the following: Siboglinidae is defined as the first polychaete, and all its descendants, to have an gut occluded by expanded endoderm filled with chemoautotrophic bacteria, as seen in the holotype of Riftia pachyptila Jones, 1981. Monilifera can be defined based on apomorphy-based system such that it is the first siboglinid, and all its descendants, to have rings of chaetae (uncini) in the opisthosoma, as seen in the holotype of Sclerolinum magdalenae Southward, 1972. Vestimentifera can be defined as the first siboglinid and all its descendants to have a vestimentum as seen in the holotype of Riftia pachyptia. Frenulata is defined as the siboglinid, and all its descendants, to have a mid-trunk girdle, as seen in the holotype of Siboglinum weberi Caullery, 1914. The taxa of generic rank are not defined here since their monophyly was not investigated.  2001 The Linnean Society of London
Sex, Lies, and Video Games

This study examined video game–playing aggression among graduate and undergraduate students at Rochester Institute of Technology in upstate New York. The following three research questions were posed: In the context of video game playing, what differences are there in levels of aggression in relation to sex? What differences are there in levels of aggression and type of video games played? Are aggression and length of video game playing related? A nonprobability sample of students (N = 175) was selected and electronically surveyed. The Buss–Perry Aggression Questionnaire, a widely used self-reported measure, was used to assess aggression. No significant difference was found between men and women with regard to levels of aggression, and no statistically significant relationship was found between aggression and length of video game playing (r = −.05, p = .52). However, significant differences were found in levels of aggression between playing and nonplaying respondents of action role-playing (t = −1.48, df = 175, p = .01) and role-playing video games (t = −1.24, df = 175, p = .02). Players of role-playing games had lower levels of aggression than nonplayers. Since role-playing requires one to take the part of another person, empathy might play a role in reduced levels of aggression. Although exposure to violent video games has been related to decreased empathy, role-playing games show just the opposite. It is suggested that controversies regarding violent video games might best be explained by moral panic theory and that competitive games may attract more aggressive players.
Understanding student satisfaction and dissatisfaction: an interpretive study in the UK higher education context

This article represents a cross-sectional study of undergraduate students across two north-west university business schools in the UK. A purposefully designed questionnaire was collected from 350 students. The student experience was described in the form of hand-written narratives by first and final year students and had been identified by the respondents themselves as being satisfying or dissatisfying with the areas of teaching and learning and the supporting service environment. The study also assessed whether their experiences were likely to influence their loyalty behaviours with respect to remaining on their chosen course of study; recommending the university; and continuing at a higher level of study. The data were captured and analysed using the qualitative critical incident technique to capture the voice of the student and identified the critical determinants of quality within higher education, i.e. those areas that would influence loyalty behaviour, as being Access; Attentiveness; Availability; and Communication. A number of new determinants of quality have been identified out of the research by three independent judges, namely motivation, reward, social inclusion, usefulness, value for money and fellow student behaviour.
A Conceptual and Empirical Comparison of Alternative Household Life Cycle Models

In this article we conceptually and empirically compare a number of alternative family life cycle models, ranging from traditional to "modernized. " These comparisons evaluate each model's ability to identify homogeneous categories, maximize between-group variation, classify nearly all households, and result in a reasonably small number of sufficient size categories. Our empirical comparisons consist of a number of between- and within-category a priori contrasts related to these criteria, as well as overall tests of each model's ability to capture attitudinal, leisure activity, and consumption differences. While the model of M. C. Lilly and B. M. Enis outperformed other models overall, we suggest potential modifications based on our a priori comparison findings. We also provide recommendations for future research to determine how to best incorporate nontraditional family forms. Copyright 1993 by the University of Chicago.
Exchange Rates and Monetary Policy Uncertainty

We document that a trading strategy that is short the U.S. dollar and long other currencies exhibits significantly larger excess returns on days with scheduled Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC) announcements. We show that these excess returns (i) are higher for currencies with higher interest rate differentials vis-a-vis the United States, (ii) increase with uncertainty about monetary policy, and (iii) increase further when the Federal Reserve adopts a policy of monetary easing. We interpret these excess returns as compensation for monetary policy uncertainty within a parsimonious model of constrained financiers who intermediate global demand for currencies.
THE EFFECT OF HETEROLOGOUS ANTI-LYMPHOCYTE SERUM ON LYMPHOCYTES OF THYMUS AND MARROW ORIGIN

When CY-treated mice were given sheep red blood cells the serum hemagglutinin titers produced were significantly lower than those found when mice received SRBC but not CY. Titers could be raised to the levels found in the latter group if, in addition to SRBC, the CY-treated mice received 2 x 107 normal syngeneic spleen cells or a mixture containing 1.2 x 108 normal thymus and 1.2 x 108 normal marrow cells. Inocula which contained fewer cells produced correspondingly smaller amounts of antibody. A synergistic interaction between normal thymus and marrow cells was always demonstrable in these experiments. Hemagglutinin titers produced by CY-treated mice given SRBC and 2 x 107 normal syngeneic spleen cells were always much higher than those found when the spleen cells were obtained from animals previously given ALS. Titers could be raised to normal levels if the animals in this latter group received additional injections containing mixtures of normal syngeneic thymus and marrow cells. Marrow cells alone were completely ineffective, while inocula which only contained thymus cells were much less effective than mixtures of thymus and marrow cells. These results suggest that immunosuppression by ALS is associated with the inactivation of both thymus and marrow-derived lymphocytes. In other experiments CY-treated mice received SRBC and mixtures of thymus and marrow cells from both untreated and ALS-treated donors. No decrease in the immunological competence of cells located within the thymus of ALS-treated donors was demonstrable in these experiments. Marrow cells were slightly affected but to a markedly lesser degree than were spleen cells of ALS-treated animals. In a final experiment, it was possible to show that the thymus and marrow cells of ALS-treated animals could repair the immunological defects which were present in their own spleen cell populations.
The Environment of Local Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies

The spatial cluster-galaxy correlation amplitude, Bgc, is computed for a set of 76 z < 0.3 ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) from the 1 Jy sample. The Bgc parameter is used to quantify the richness of the environment within 0.5 Mpc of each ULIRG. We find that the environment of local ULIRGs is similar to that of the field with the possible exceptions of a few objects with environmental densities typical of clusters with Abell richness classes 0 and 1. No obvious trends are seen with redshift, optical spectral type, infrared luminosity, or infrared color (f25/f60). We compare these results with those of local AGNs and QSOs at various redshifts. The 1 Jy ULIRGs show a broader range of environments than local Seyferts, which are exclusively found in the field. The distribution of ULIRG Bgc-values overlaps considerably with that of local QSOs, consistent with the scenario where some QSOs go through a ultraluminous infrared phase. However, a rigorous statistical analysis of the data indicates that these two samples are not drawn from the same parent population. The Bgc distribution of QSOs shows a distinct tail at high Bgc-values, which is not apparent among the ULIRGs. This difference is consistent with the fact that some of the QSOs used for this comparison have bigger and more luminous hosts than the 1 Jy ULIRGs.
Pharmacognostic standardization of leaves of Calotropis procera (Ait.) R. Br. (Asclepiadaceae)

Calotropis procera, belonging to the Asclepidaceae family, is present more or less throughout India and in other warm, dry places such as, Warizistan, Afghanistan, Egypt, and tropical Africa. Its common names are Akra, Akanal, and Madar. The leaves of Calotropis procera are said to be valuable as an antidote for snake bite, sinus fistula, rheumatism, mumps, burn injuries, and body pain. The leaves of Calotropis procera are also used to treat jaundice. A study on Calotropis procera leaf samples extracted the air-dried leaf powder with different solvents such as petroleum-ether (60-80°C), benzene, chloroform, ethanol, and sterile water. Preliminary phytochemical analysis was done long with measurement of the leaf constants, fluorescence characteristics, and extractive values. Quantitative estimation of total ash value, acid insoluble ash, and water- soluble ash may serve as useful indices for identification of the powdered drug. Histochemical studies which reveal rows of cylindrical palisade cells and, vascular bundles may also serve as useful indices for identification of the tissues. These studies suggested that the observed pharmacognostic and physiochemical parameters are of great value in quality control and formulation development of Calotropis procera.
SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION IN POLYURETHANE FOAMS AIMING TO DIMINISH WHEELCHAIR CUSHION EFFECT ON SKIN TEMPERATURE

Thermal comfort of wheelchairs still requires improvements, since users remain on the chair for as long as 12 h a day. Increased sweating makes the skin more susceptible to colonization by fungi and bacteria, and may cause pressure ulcers. In this sense, the microencapsulation of Phase-Change Materials (PCMs) may help to enhance wheelchair cushion comfort by regulating heat exchange. This study describes the production of PCM microcapsules and their application in flexible polyurethane foams after expansion, and assesses improvements in heat exchange. Microcapsules with eicosane core coated with melamine-formaldehyde were produced. Eicosane is a thermoregulation agent whose phase-change temperature is near that of the human body’s. Microcapsules were characterized by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Then, microcapsules were applied on polyurethane foams by vacuum filtration and high-pressure air gun. Samples were exposed to a heat source and analysed by infrared thermography. The results indicate that thermal load increased in samples treated with microcapsules, especially by pressure air gun, and show that it is possible to enhance thermal comfort in wheelchair seats. Thereby, this study contributes to enhance quality of life for wheelchair users, focusing on thermal comfort provided by cushion seats made from PU foam.
Does emotional intelligence – as measured by the EQI – influence transformational leadership and/or desirable outcomes?

Purpose – This study aims to examine the possibility of relationships between and among emotional intelligence (EI), leadership, and desirable outcomes in organizations.Design/methodology/approach – Using a sample of 2,411 manufacturing workers, engineers, and professional staff, the study empirically examined the impact of EI, as measured by Bar‐On's Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQI), on organizational outcomes; the well documented ability of transformational leadership to predict those outcomes, and the relationship between EI and transformational leadership.Findings – The results confirm previous studies of the extraordinary effectiveness power of transformational leadership in predicting organizational outcomes. However, in this study no support was found for hypothesized relationships between EI and desirable outcomes or a significant relationship between EI and transformational leadership.Originality/value – EI may be a useful concept in understanding leadership and social influence; however, unlik.
The Call of the Crowd: Event Participation in Location-Based Social Services

Understanding the social and behavioral forces behind event participation is not only interesting from the viewpoint of social science, but also has important applications in the design of personalized event recommender systems.This paper takes advantage of data from a widely used location-based social network, Foursquare, to analyze event patterns in three metropolitan cities. We put forward several hypotheses on the motivating factors of user participation and confirm that social aspects play a major role in determining the likelihood of a user to participate in an event. While an explicit social filtering signal accounting for whether friends are attending dominates the factors, the popularity of an event proves to also be a strong attractor. Further, we capture an implicit social signal by performing random walks in a high dimensional graph that encodes the place type preferences of friends and that proves especially suited to identify relevant niche events for users. Our findings on the extent to which the various temporal, spatial and social aspects underlie users' event preferences lead us to further hypothesize that a combination of factors better models users' event interests. We verify this through a supervised learning framework. We show that for one in three users in London and one in five users in New York and Chicago it identifies the exact event the user would attend among the pool of suggestions.
Output feedback control for uncertain linear systems with faulty actuators: an average dwell-time method

This paper deals with the problem of output feedback stabilization for a class of uncertain linear systems with actuator failures. When actuators suffer "serious failure" - the considered closed-loop system is unstable, based on average dwell time scheme, under the condition that activation time ratio between the system without actuator failure and the system with actuator failures is not less than a specified constant, the dynamic output feedback controllers are derived in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) such that the resulting closed-loop system is exponentially stable. Finally, a numerical example illustrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach
Region-based thresholding using component tree

A gray-level image can be represented by a component tree, based on the inclusion relation of connected regions obtained by threshold decomposition. The great advantage of this structure is the efficient determination of a set of attributes for each component of the image, being widely used in morphological filtering (for instance, area as attribute to the area opening). This paper describes the computation of new statistical attributes determined incrementally from this tree construction in quasi-linear time, defining variations of anti-extensive operators as region-based contrast restriction and region-based adaptive thresholding.