Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An empirical investigation of trust's impact on collective awareness development in virtual teams

This study investigates the relationship between trust and collective awareness levels over time. The study also examines the multi-dimensionality of both trust and collective awareness in virtual teams. Hence, we adopt a longitudinal study to provide a preliminary step towards understanding the dynamic nature of trust and collective awareness in virtual teams. The results of our experiments show that (1) both trust and collective awareness levels increase over time; (2) during the project, task processes are more important than socio-emotional processes; and (3) higher (vs. lower) trust levels are associated with higher (vs. lower) collective awareness levels.
Feasibility of Differential Dual Spin Valve for 10 ${\rm Tb/in}^{2}$

A conventional read head with the sensor embedded between two magnetic shields would hit the wall to provide a resolution required for a bit length less than 10 nm. A differential dual spin valve (DDSV) is proposed as an alternative for recording density of 10 Tb/in2. Our simulation results show that a DDSV can work well for a bit length down to 4 nm without magnetic shields. An excellent differential effect for a DDSV was achieved under a uniform field. Two resistance transitions are observed due to the inconsistent switching of free layers of the two spin valves. The inconsistent switching results from the interlayer coupling and its effect on DDSV performances can be eliminated by applying a vertical bias field. Signal to noise ratio (SNR) of a DDSV reader is analyzed mainly based on the mag-noise. We show that the mag-noise may not be a crucial limiting factor of SNR, because of the relative high available field at 10 Tb/in2 and thicker free layer in the DDSV reader. The specifications of the DDSV reader for 10 Tb/in2 are also derived. Our results demonstrate that the DDSV reader is very promising for 10 Tb/in2 applications.
Effect of Gestational Diabetes on Maternal Artery Function

Endothelial dysfunction has been observed systemically in women with gestational diabetes (GDM). Important cardiovascular adaptations occur during pregnancy, including enhanced endothelium-dependent vasodilation in systemic and uterine arteries, which are necessary to ensure the health of both mother and fetus. The effects of GDM, however, on uterine artery function and the possible mechanisms that mediate endothelial dysfunction remain unknown. The aim of this study was to utilize a mouse model of GDM to investigate (a) effects on uteroplacental flow, (b) endothelial function of uterine and mesenteric arteries, and (c) possible mechanisms of any dysfunction observed. Pregnant mice heterozygous for a leptin receptor mutation (Leprdb/+; He) spontaneously develop GDM and were compared to wild-type (WT) mice at day 18.5 of gestation. Uterine artery flow was assessed using ultrasound biomicroscopy. Uterine and mesenteric artery function was assessed using wire myography. Arterial superoxide production was measured using oxidative fluorescence microphotography. In vivo uteroplacental perfusion was impaired in mice with GDM, indicated by a significant increase in uterine artery resistance index. Maximal endothelium-dependent relaxation to methacholine was significantly impaired in mesenteric arteries from mice with GDM, while sensitivity was significantly reduced in uterine arteries. Both uterine and mesenteric arteries from mice with GDM exhibited a greater dependence on nitric oxide and increased superoxide production compared with those from mice with a healthy pregnancy. A significant source of superoxide in GDM mice was uncoupled nitric oxide synthase. These changes may contribute to the development of some of the fetal and maternal complication associated with GDM.
Viscous detonation in H2‒O2‒Ar using intrinsic low-dimensional manifolds and wavelet adaptive multilevel representation

A standard ignition delay problem for a mixture of hydrogen-oxygen-argon in a shock tube is extended to the viscous regime and solved using the method of intrinsic low-dimensional manifolds (ILDM) coupled with a wavelet adaptive multilevel representation (WAMR) spatial discretization technique. An operator-splitting method is used to describe the reactions as a system of ordinary differential equations at each spatial point. The ILDM method is used to eliminate the stiffness associated with the chemistry by decoupling processes which evolve on fast and slow time scales. The fast time scale processes are systematically equilibrated, thereby reducing the dimension of the phase space required to describe the reactive system. The WAMR technique captures the detailed spatial structures automatically with a small number of basis functions thereby further reducing the number of variables required to describe the system. A maximum of only 300 collocation points and 15 scale levels yields results with striking resolution of fine-scale viscous and induction zones. Additionally, the resolution of physical diffusion processes minimizes the effects of potentially reaction-inducing artificial entropy layers associated with numerical diffusion.
The Potential of Chromolaena Odorata (L) to Decontaminate Used Engine Oil Impacted Soil Under Greenhouse Conditions

This study reports on the use of Chromolaena odorata (L) R.M. King and H. Robinson, an Asteraceae (compositae) and an invasive alien weed in Africa for the remediation of soil contaminated with used engine oil. Used engine oil from a motor service garage was used to artificially contaminate soil taken from a garden to give total petroleum hydrocarbon (TPH) of between 1 and 40 g kg−1. Chromolaena odorata (L), propagated by stem cuttings were transplanted into the contaminated soil and watered just enough to keep the soil at about 70% water holding capacity for 90 day. A set of control experiments containing 40 g kg−1 used engine oil but without plants was set up. All experiments were set up in triplicates. Although the plants in the experiments containing higher than 30 g kg−1 used engine oil showed relatively slower growth (fewer branches and leaves, and shorter in height) compared to those containing lower concentrations, the plants in all the experiments continued to grow until the end of the 90 day period. Residual TPH after 90 days showed that between 21 and 100% of oil was lost from the planted soil while only 11.5% was lost in the control, which did not contain plants during the same period. Analysis of plant tissues showed that both shoot and root tissues contained detectable levels of TPH and selected PAHs were also detectable. Biomass accumulation by Chromolaena odorata was affected adversely by concentrations of oil higher than 20g kg−1. Results of germination rates and germination energy measurements showed that Chromolaena odorata was able to reduce the toxicity of the contaminated soil after 90 days as compared to soils containing freshly contaminated soil.
Mental health correlates of aggression in nursing home residents with dementia.

PURPOSE Aggression continues to challenge caregivers of persons with dementia, and identification of foci for effective interventions is needed. The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of (a) the resident characteristics of depression, communication, and cognition and (b) behavior management strategies on aggression in a group of older nursing home residents (N = 405) with evidence of dementia. DESIGN AND METHODS This cross-sectional correlational study examined the association of resident characteristics and behavior management strategies with bivariate aggression, physical aggression, and verbal aggression, using hierarchical regression. RESULTS Main findings are that impaired communication is associated with all forms of aggression, depression with physical aggression, and disorientation with verbal aggression. A 3-month prior pattern of antipsychotic drug use was consistently associated with all forms of aggression and physical restraint use with physical aggression. Most of the explained variance was attributable to antipsychotic drug use. IMPLICATIONS The separate explanatory models for physical and verbal aggression indicate that these may be unique entities with different foci for treatment. These results provide evidence that aggression persists despite antipsychotic drug use and that further mental health interventions might be targeted at compensating for impaired communication and the treatment of depression to improve the mental health of nursing home residents with dementia.
Neurotrophic activity in the adult rat hippocampal formation: regional distribution and increase after septal lesion

Conditioned medium prepared from slices of the rat hippocampal formation contains an agent that shares the following properties with nerve growth factor (NGF): it promotes neurite growth from embryonic sympathetic ganglia in vitro; and it is inhibited by affinity-purified antibody against mouse submaxillary gland 2.5 S NGF. The NGF-like growth-promoting activity is regionally distributed within the hippocampal formation: the activity is consistently higher in the dentate gyrus-CA3 region than in the CA1 region. Furthermore, the level of activity is significantly increased within 1 week after a medial septal lesion, and, in the dentate-CA3 region, the increased level of activity is maintained for at least 4 weeks after the lesion. Control lesions that fail to interrupt the septohippocampal innervation, but cause equally extensive damage to nearby regions of the central nervous system, do not cause increased levels of activity in the hippocampal formation. These results provide substantial evidence linking the NGF- like agent in hippocampal conditioned medium to the sprouting of sympathetic axons into the dentate gyrus-CA3 region of the hippocampal formation after a medial septal lesion in vivo.
Temporal frequency of whisker movement. II. Laminar organization of cortical representations.

Part of the information obtained by rodent whiskers is carried by the frequency of their movement. In the thalamus of anesthetized rats, the whisker frequency is represented by two different coding schemes: by amplitude and spike count (i.e., response amplitudes and spike counts decrease as a function of frequency) in the lemniscal thalamus and by latency and spike count (latencies increase and spike counts decrease as a function of frequency) in the paralemniscal thalamus (see accompanying paper). Here we investigated neuronal representations of the whisker frequency in the primary somatosensory ("barrel") cortex of the anesthetized rat, which receives its input from both the lemniscal and paralemniscal thalamic nuclei. Single and multi-units were recorded from layers 2/3, 4 (barrels only), 5a, and 5b during vibrissal stimulation. Typically, the input frequency was represented by amplitude and spike count in the barrels of layer 4 and in layer 5b (the "lemniscal layers") and by latency and spike count in layer 5a (the "paralemniscal layer"). Neurons of layer 2/3 displayed a mixture of the two coding schemes. When the pulse width of the stimulus was reduced from 50 to 20 ms, the latency coding in layers 5a and 2/3 was dramatically reduced, while the spike-count coding was not affected; in contrast, in layers 4 and 5b, the latencies remained constant, but the spike counts were reduced with 20-ms stimuli. The same effects were found in the paralemniscal and lemniscal thalamic nuclei, respectively (see accompanying paper). These results are consistent with the idea that thalamocortical loops of different pathways, although terminating within the same cortical columns, perform different computations in parallel. Furthermore, the mixture of coding schemes in layer 2/3 might reflect an integration of lemniscal and paralemniscal outputs.
Post-transcriptional regulation of meiotic genes by a nuclear RNA silencing complex

The authors define a multiprotein nuclear RNA silencing (NURS) complex that mediates silencing of meiotic genes during vegetative growth in the fission yeast S. pombe. Meiotic gene silencing occurs post-transcriptionally through recruitment of the exosome complex to promote RNA degradation. Extensive interaction analysis and functional characterizations link the NURS complex to specific RNA-binding and processing proteins and also chromatin modification machinery.
NDEL1 Phosphorylation by Aurora-A Kinase Is Essential for Centrosomal Maturation, Separation, and TACC3 Recruitment

ABSTRACT NDEL1 is a binding partner of LIS1 that participates in the regulation of cytoplasmic dynein function and microtubule organization during mitotic cell division and neuronal migration. NDEL1 preferentially localizes to the centrosome and is a likely target for cell cycle-activated kinases, including CDK1. In particular, NDEL1 phosphorylation by CDK1 facilitates katanin p60 recruitment to the centrosome and triggers microtubule remodeling. Here, we show that Aurora-A phosphorylates NDEL1 at Ser251 at the beginning of mitotic entry. Interestingly, NDEL1 phosphorylated by Aurora-A was rapidly downregulated thereafter by ubiquitination-mediated protein degradation. In addition, NDEL1 is required for centrosome targeting of TACC3 through the interaction with TACC3. The expression of Aurora-A phosphorylation-mimetic mutants of NDEL1 efficiently rescued the defects of centrosomal maturation and separation which are characteristic of Aurora-A-depleted cells. Our findings suggest that Aurora-A-mediated phosphorylation of NDEL1 is essential for centrosomal separation and centrosomal maturation and for mitotic entry.
Child Ability and Household Human Capital Investment Decisions in Burkina Faso

Using data we collected in Burkina Faso, we explore how child ability influences parents’ decisions to invest in their children’s human capital. We use a direct measure of child ability for all primary school–aged children, regardless of current school enrollment. We explicitly incorporate direct measures of the ability of each child’s siblings (both absolute and relative measures) to show how sibling rivalry exerts an impact on the parents’ decision of whether and how much to invest in their child’s education. We find that children with one standard deviation higher own ability are 16% more likely to be currently enrolled, while having a higher-ability sibling lowers current enrollment by 15% and having two higher-ability siblings lowers enrollment by 30%. Results are robust to addressing the potential reverse causality of schooling influencing child ability measures and using alternative cognitive tests to measure ability.
The clinical and environmental determinants of airway transcriptional profiles in allergic asthma.

RATIONALE Gene expression profiling of airway epithelial and inflammatory cells can be used to identify genes involved in environmental asthma. METHODS Airway epithelia and inflammatory cells were obtained via bronchial brush and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from 39 subjects comprising three phenotypic groups (nonatopic nonasthmatic, atopic nonasthmatic, and atopic asthmatic) 4 hours after instillation of LPS, house dust mite antigen, and saline in three distinct subsegmental bronchi. RNA transcript levels were assessed using whole genome microarrays. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Baseline (saline exposure) differences in gene expression were related to airflow obstruction in epithelial cells (C3, ALOX5AP, CCL18, and others), and to serum IgE (innate immune genes and focal adhesion pathway) and allergic-asthmatic phenotype (complement genes, histone deacetylases, and GATA1 transcription factor) in inflammatory cells. LPS stimulation resulted in pronounced transcriptional response across all subjects in both airway epithelia and BAL cells, with strong association to nuclear factor-κB and IFN-inducible genes as well as signatures of other transcription factors (NRF2, C/EBP, and E2F1) and histone proteins. No distinct transcriptional profile to LPS was observed in the asthma and atopy phenotype. Finally, although no consistent expression changes were observed across all subjects in response to house dust mite antigen stimulation, we observed subtle differences in gene expression (e.g., GATA1 and GATA2) in BAL cells related to the asthma and atopy phenotype. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that among individuals with allergic asthma, transcriptional changes in airway epithelia and inflammatory cells are influenced by phenotype as well as environmental exposures.
Comparative distribution of neuropeptide Y Y1 and Y5 receptors in the rat brain by using immunohistochemistry

Neuropeptide Y (NPY) Y1 and Y5 receptor subtypes mediate many of NPY's diverse actions in the central nervous system. The present studies use polyclonal antibodies directed against the Y1 and Y5 receptors to map and compare the relative distribution of these NPY receptor subtypes within the rat brain. Antibody specificity was assessed by using Western analysis, preadsorption of the antibody with peptide, and preimmune serum controls. Immunostaining for the Y1 and Y5 receptor subtypes was present throughout the rostral‐caudal aspect of the brain with many regions expressing both subtypes: cerebral cortex, hippocampus, hypothalamus, thalamus, amygdala, and brainstem. Further studies using double‐label immunocytochemistry indicate that Y1R immunoreactivity (‐ir) and Y5R‐ir are colocalized in the cerebral cortex and caudate putamen. Y1 receptor ir was evident in the central amygdala, whereas both Y1‐ and Y5‐immunoreactive cells and fibers were present in the basolateral amygdala. Corresponding with the physiology of NPY in the hypothalamus, both Y1R‐ and Y5R‐ir was present within the paraventricular (PVN), supraoptic, arcuate nuclei, and lateral hypothalamus. In the PVN, Y5R‐ir and Y1R‐ir were detected in cells and fibers of the parvo‐ and magnocellular divisions. Intense immunostaining for these receptors was observed within the locus coeruleus, A1–5 and C1–3 nuclei, subnuclei of the trigeminal nerve and nucleus tractus solitarius. These data provide a detailed and comparative mapping of Y1 and Y5 receptor subtypes within cell bodies and nerve fibers in the brain which, together with physiological and electrophysiological studies, provide a better understanding of NPY neural circuitries. J. Comp. Neurol. 464:285–311, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Using Sentiment Analysis to Detect Customer Attitudes in Social Media Comments

ig data analytics is increasingly replacing or complementing classical data collection methods like surveys. Business intelligence tools and systems now play a key role in decision-making and find applications in the areas such as customer profiling, customer support, market research, segmentation, brand monitoring. Transforming unstructured text data for structured quantitative analysis is an important challenge for business analytics. Sentiment analysis is a promising method in terms of transforming words into numbers to detect the tone of subjective expressions. The aim of this paper is scrutinize the role of sentiment analysis for emulating classical attitude and market research tools. We used sentiment analysis on product reviews data occurring in the e-market place in Turkey. We have applied a variety of machine learning algorithms and some term selection algorithms. Unigram approach for the term selection and Naive Bayes approach for machine learning have performed better than others. Our results suggest that sentiment analysis can be applicable for Turkish language after a rigorous text preprocessing and term selection process .
Factorial structure and construct validity of an Italian version of the Fears of Compassion Scales: A study on non‐clinical subjects

OBJECTIVES This study was aimed at investigating the factorial structure and the construct validity of the Italian translation of the Fears of Compassion (FC) Scales in a non-clinical sample (i.e., Fear of Compassion From Others [FCFO], Fear of Compassion Towards Others [FCTO] and Fear of Self-Compassion [FSC]). An exploratory factor analysis was conducted on all the items to investigate the dimensionality of the FC scales. To assess construct validity, correlations between the FC scales and a series of construct-related measures were analysed. DESIGN/METHODS After being translated into Italian using a back-translation procedure, the questionnaire was administered to a community sample of 298 participants (82 males) with a mean age of 24.31 (SD = 8.75), along with self-report measures of psychopathological symptoms, attachment style, self-esteem, satisfaction with life and altruistic behaviour. A behavioural test of altruism was also administered in a subsample of 40 subjects. RESULTS Thirteen of 38 items did not show adequate psychometric characteristics and thus were removed. The remaining 25 items showed a clear 3-factor solution which explained 48% of the variance. FC Scales were significantly correlated with all the construct-related scales administered in the expected direction, with higher effect sizes for FCFO and FSC than FCTO. CONCLUSIONS Although 13 items were removed, results confirmed the expected three factor solution for the Italian translation of FC scales, and provided new evidence for their construct validity. In this vein, an interesting pattern of correlations emerged with psychiatric symptoms and prosocial behaviour, indicating that FCFO and FSC are more powerful correlates of psychopathology and altruism with respect to FCTO. PRACTITIONER POINTS Fears of Compassion Scales have been increasingly used in clinical and research settings. The reduced Italian version of the FCS developed in this study is a valid and parsimonious instrument. Fears of receiving compassion from others and from ourselves are more powerful predictors of psychopathological symptoms than fear of giving compassion to others. Fears of Compassion Scales were correlated with both a self-report and a behavioural measure of altruism.
Intergenerational recognition as political practice

Author(s): Kallio, Kirsi Pauliina Title: Intergenerational recognition as political practice Main work: Intergenerational space Editor(s): Vanderbeck, Robert; Worth, Nancy Year: 2014 Pages: 139-154 ISBN: 978-0-415-85531-0 Publisher: Routledge Discipline: Social and economic geography; Other social sciences School /Other Unit: School of Management Item Type: Article in Compiled Work Language: en URN: URN:NBN:fi:uta-201503181190 Subject: monisukupolvisuus; tila; maantiede; lapset; nuoret; politiikka; intergenerationality; space; geography; children; youth; politics
Tumor necrosis factor SNP haplotypes are associated with iron deficiency anemia in West African children Running head: TNF and iron deficiency anemia

Plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) are significantly raised in malaria infection and TNF-α is thought to inhibit intestinal iron absorption and macrophage iron release. This study investigated putative functional single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and haplotypes across the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class III region, including TNF and its immediate neighbors nuclear factor of κ light polypeptide gene enhancer in B cells (lκBL), inhibitor like 1 and lymphotoxin alpha (LTA), in relation to nutritional iron status and anemia in a cohort of 780 children across a malaria season. The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) increased over the malaria season (P<0.0001). The TNF-308 AA genotype was associated with an increased risk of iron deficiency (adj. OR 8.1; P = 0.001) and IDA (adj. OR 5.1; P = 0.01) at the end of the malaria season. No genotypes were associated with IDA prior to the malaria season. Thus, TNF-α appears to be a risk factor for iron deficiency and IDA in children in a malaria-endemic environment and this is likely to be due to a TNF-α-induced block in iron absorption. For personal use only. on June 21, 2016. by guest www.bloodjournal. org From