Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Breakdown voltage enhancement from channel quantization in InAl/As/n/sup +/-InGaAs HFET's

In/sub 0.52/Al/sub 0.48/As/n/sup +/-In/sub 0.53/Ga/sub 0.47/As HFETs have been fabricated with different channel thicknesses. It is shown that by reducing the channel thickness from 350 to 100 AA, the reverse gate breakdown voltage improves from 9 to 19 V. This is partially attributed to the increased effective bandgap that results from energy quantization in the channel. This bandgap enhancement is directly confirmed by photoluminescence (PL) measurements on the same heterostructures. Channel quantization emerges as a promising approach for exploiting the excellent transport properties of InGaAs with high InAs mole fraction. The principle behind the work should be applicable to other narrow-gap semiconductors. <<ETX>>
Channel Assignment With Access Contention Resolution for Cognitive Radio Networks

In this paper, we consider the channel assignment problem for cognitive radio networks with hardware-constrained secondary users (SUs). In particular, we assume that SUs exploit spectrum holes on a set of channels where each SU can use at most one available channel for communication. We present the optimal brute-force search algorithm to solve the corresponding nonlinear integer optimization problem and analyze its complexity. Because the optimal solution has exponential complexity with the numbers of channels and SUs, we develop two low-complexity channel assignment algorithms that can efficiently utilize the spectrum holes. In the first algorithm, SUs are assigned distinct sets of channels. We show that this algorithm achieves the maximum throughput limit if the number of channels is sufficiently large. In addition, we propose an overlapping channel assignment algorithm that can improve the throughput performance compared with its nonoverlapping channel assignment counterpart. Moreover, we design a distributed medium access control (MAC) protocol for access contention resolution and integrate it into the overlapping channel assignment algorithm. We then analyze the saturation throughput and the complexity of the proposed channel assignment algorithms. We also present several potential extensions, including the development of greedy channel assignment algorithms under the max-min fairness criterion and throughput analysis, considering sensing errors. Finally, numerical results are presented to validate the developed theoretical results and illustrate the performance gains due to the proposed channel assignment algorithms.
Model-Based Clustering of Multiple Time Series

We propose to pool multiple time series into several groups using finite-mixture models. Within each group, the same econometric model holds. We estimate the groups of time series simultaneously with the group-specific model parameters using Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo simulation methods. We discuss model identification and base model selection on marginal likelihoods. With a simulation study, we document the efficiency gains in estimation and forecasting realized relative to overall pooling of the time series. To illustrate the usefulness of the method, we analyze extensions to unobserved heterogeneity and to Markov switching within clusters.
Timing Analysis for Resource Access Interference on Adaptive Resource Arbiters

Modern multiprocessor and multicore architectures adopt shared resources to meet increased performance requirements. Adaptive arbiters, such as FlexRay, have been adopted to grant access to shared resources. While increasing the performance, timing analysis is more challenging with this kind of arbiter. This paper considers real-time tasks that are composed of super blocks, while super blocks themselves are composed of phases. Phases are characterized by their worst-case computation time on their processing element and their worst-case number of access requests to a shared resource. Resource accesses, such as access to caches or scratchpad memory, are synchronous and cause the processing element to stall until the access is served. Based on dynamic programming, we develop an algorithm that safely derives an upper-bound of the worst-case response time of a phase. The worst-case response time of a task can then be determined for both sequential or time-triggered execution of super blocks. Experimental results are conducted for a real-world application.
Dwarf Nova-like Outburst of Short Period Intermediate Polar HT Camelopardalis

AbstractWe report the ﬁrst time-series observations of the short outburst of the proposed intermediate polar HTCam (=RX J0757.0+6306). On2001December 29, we detected the object wasundergoingabrightoutburstat the magnitude of m vis = 12.2. Following this detection, we started international joint observationsthrough VSNET. The light curve showed a gradual decline for the ﬁrst 0.5 d. Following this short plateauphase, the rate of decline dramatically increased to more than 4 mag d −1 . Within 1.5 d from the outburstdetection, the object almost declined to the quiescent level. During the rapidly declining phase, long-termmodulations with a period of 86 min and strong pulses with a period of 8.6 min were observed. Weconcluded that 86 min and 8.6 min are the orbital period and the spin period of HT Cam, respectively.By the detection of the spin period, we conﬁrmed the IP classiﬁcation of HT Cam. However, its outburstbehavior rather resembles that of dwarf novae. The discrepancy between the declining rates of the totalﬂux and the pulse ﬂux strongly suggests that the disk instabilities were taking place during the outburst.Key words: stars: cataclysmic variables — stars: intermediate polars — stars: dwarf novae — stars:individual (HT Cam)1. IntroductionCataclysmic variables consist of a white dwarf primaryand a late-type main-sequence companion star which ismass-losing by the Roche-lobe overﬂow. The white dwarfaccretes the mass from the secondary through an accre-tion disk in non-magnetic systems. In magnetic systems,however, either the formation of the disk is fully pre-vented, or the inner disk is truncated, depending on themagnetic ﬁelds of the white dwarf and the binary param-eters. Within the magnetosphere radius the mass fallsalong the magnetic ﬁeld toward poles of the white dwarf,where radiations from X-ray to optical emission is origi-nated. Magnetic systems are divided into two classes ofpolars and intermediate polars (IPs). The polars are thesystems with strong ﬁelds and a synchronously rotatingwhite dwarf, and are soft X-ray sources. IPs are oneswith weaker ﬁelds and an asynchronously rotating whitedwarf, and are hard X-ray sources. Reviews for the mag-netic systems are given by Cropper (1990), Patterson(1994), Warner (1995), and Hellier (1996). There are six IPs in which outbursts are observed:GK Per, EX Hya, XY Ari, DO Dra
Communication Aspects of Dyadic Social Influence in Organizations: A Review and Integration of Conceptual and Empirical Developments

This chapter presents a review and synthesis of research on dyadic social influence in organizations, defined as the communication processes through which an individual participant within a complex organization elicits cognitive, emotional, and behavioral change from another individual in the pursuit of social objectives. Distinct streams of dyadic influence research have developed in various literatures and rely on divergent methods; this analysis crosses disciplinary boundaries to include work in communication theory, social and industrial/organizational psychology, and sociology, among others. The review considers (a) conceptual models of the process of dyadic influence, (b) efforts to identify and catalog influence-seeking methods, and (c) empirical studies of the antecedents, correlates, and consequences of influence method selection. Within each section, research issues, trends, and limitations that are specifically relevant to understanding influence in organizations are discussed. The authors intr.
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Michotte proposed a rationalist theory of the origin of the human capacity to represent causal relations among events. He suggested that the input analyzer that underlies the causal perception in launching, entraining, and expulsion events is innate and is the ultimate source of all causal representations. We review the literature on infant causal representations, providing evidence that launching, entraining and expulsion events are interpreted causally by young infants. However, there is as of yet no good evidence that these representations are innate. Furthermore, there is considerable evidence that these representations are not the sole source of the human capacity for causal representation.
Imaging Mass Spectrometry Reveals Elevated Nigral Levels of Dynorphin Neuropeptides in L-DOPA-Induced Dyskinesia in Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease

L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia is a troublesome complication of L-DOPA pharmacotherapy of Parkinson's disease and has been associated with disturbed brain opioid transmission. However, so far the results of clinical and preclinical studies on the effects of opioids agonists and antagonists have been contradictory at best. Prodynorphin mRNA levels correlate well with the severity of dyskinesia in animal models of Parkinson's disease; however the identities of the actual neuroactive opioid effectors in their target basal ganglia output structures have not yet been determined. For the first time MALDI-TOF imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) was used for unbiased assessment and topographical elucidation of prodynorphin-derived peptides in the substantia nigra of a unilateral rat model of Parkinson's disease and L-DOPA induced dyskinesia. Nigral levels of dynorphin B and alpha-neoendorphin strongly correlated with the severity of dyskinesia. Even if dynorphin peptide levels were elevated in both the medial and lateral part of the substantia nigra, MALDI IMS analysis revealed that the most prominent changes were localized to the lateral part of the substantia nigra. MALDI IMS is advantageous compared with traditional molecular methods, such as radioimmunoassay, in that neither the molecular identity analyzed, nor the specific localization needs to be predetermined. Indeed, MALDI IMS revealed that the bioconverted metabolite leu-enkephalin-arg also correlated positively with severity of dyskinesia. Multiplexing DynB and leu-enkephalin-arg ion images revealed small (0.25 by 0.5 mm) nigral subregions with complementing ion intensities, indicating localized peptide release followed by bioconversion. The nigral dynorphins associated with L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia were not those with high affinity to kappa opioid receptors, but consisted of shorter peptides, mainly dynorphin B and alpha-neoendorphin that are known to bind and activate mu and delta opioid receptors. This suggests that mu and/or delta subtype-selective opioid receptor antagonists may be clinically relevant for reducing L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease.
Thermocline and Zonal Advective Feedbacks Within the Equatorial Ocean Recharge Oscillator Model for ENSO

Through the dynamical coupling between ocean and atmosphere, the vertical advection of anomalous subsurface temperature by the mean upwelling and the zonal advection of mean sea surface temperature (SST) by anomalous current constitute the so‐called the thermocline and zonal advective feedbacks that are essential for El Niño/Southern Oscillation (ENSO) coupled dynamics. In this paper, we demonstrate that these two feedbacks are dynamically linked because of the geostrophic balance between the upper ocean zonal current and the meridional gradient of the thermocline. Both feedbacks thus play important and similar roles in the growth and phase transition of ENSO. We further propose a new version of the conceptual recharge oscillator model for ENSO by including these two feedbacks. The new model retains the simplest possible form of a harmonic oscillator, yet presents a more complete description of slow physics for ENSO. Moreover, it also provides the reconciliation between the biased emphases in the ENSO theories oh the thermocline and zonal advective feedbacks.
The MVA priority approximation

A Mean Value Analysis (MVA) approximation is presented for computing the average performance measures of closed-, open-, and mixed-type multiclass queuing networks containing Preemptive Resume (PR) and nonpreemptive Head-Of-Line (HOL) priority service centers. The approximation has essentially the same storage and computational requirements as MVA, thus allowing computationally efficient solutions of large priority queuing networks. The accuracy of the MVA approximation is systematically investigated and presented. It is shown that the approximation can compute the average performance measures of priority networks to within an accuracy of 5 percent for a large range of network parameter values. Accuracy of the method is shown to be superior to that of Sevcik's shadow approximation.
Multi‐epoch H i line measurements of four southern pulsars

We have measured 21-cm absorption spectra in the direction of three southern pulsars, PSRs B0736-40, B1451-68 and B1641-45, in three separate epochs spread over 2.5 yr. We see no evidence for any changes in the absorption spectra over this time span in spite of good velocity resolution and sensitivity. Towards PSR B1641-45 we place an upper limit of 10 1 9 cm - 2 on the change in the column density of the cold, neutral gas. In addition, we observed PSR B 1557-50 and compared its HI absorption spectrum with spectra taken in 1980 and 1994. A prominent deep absorption feature seen at -110 km s - 1 in 1994 is weaker in 2000 and likely was not present at all in 1980. Using the standard interpretation which links the distance traversed by the pulsar to a physical cloud size, this results in a cloud size of ∼1000 au and density of 2 x 10 4 cm - 3 , parameters typical of those seen in other observations. These results are also consistent with an alternative model by Deshpande who expects the largest variations in optical depth to be seen against the longest time intervals.
A hull census transform for scene change detection and recognition towards topological map building

This paper presents a novel encoding method for scene change detection and appearance-based topological localization framework. The relation computation over convex hull points is used to compare the similarity between the scenes. It relies on the relative ordering of the feature strength, not directly on the feature vectors. We first deal with multiple convex hulls over the detected features and then compile statistics for coding on the hull points through a vector magnitude comparison. Finally, the hull points are formed by binary codes. The codes are suitable for scene change detection and visual place recognition by statistical analysis. The experimental results show the coding method is robust under the varying environment.
Submillimetre photometry of X-ray absorbed quasi-stellar objects: their formation and evolutionary status

We present an analysis of the submillimetre/X-ray properties of 19 X-ray absorbed, Compton- thin quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) selected to have luminosities and redshifts which represent the peak of cosmic QSO activity. i.e. � Lobjects at 1 1.5, the high star formation rates are consistent with a scenari o in which the QSOs evolve to become local luminous elliptical galaxies. Combining these results with previously published data for X-ray unabsorbed QSOs and submillimetre-selected galaxies we propose the following evolutionary sequence: the forming galaxy is initially far-infrared luminous but X-ray weak si milar to the sources discovered by the Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array; as the black hole and spheroid grow with time a point is reached when the central QSO becomes powerful enough to terminate the star formation and eject the bulk of the fuel supply (the Compton-thin absorbed QSO phase); this transition is followed by a period of unobscured QSO activity which subsequently declines to leave a quiescent spheroidal galaxy.
Sincerely speaking: Why do psychotherapists self-disclose in therapy? – A qualitative hermeneutic phenomenological study

Abstract In this study, interviews were conducted to investigate therapists’ rationales for self-disclosing in therapy. Ten therapists were interviewed whereof six were women, four were men and the median age was 58. The methodological framework was hermeneutic phenomenological which means that we investigated how therapists attribute meaning to experiences in their practice and that our pre-judgments and interpretations as researchers are inherent in the results of the study. The themes found were: To show care and compassion – in which self-disclosures were described as a way of developing a good patient–therapist relationship; To convey: – “You are not that different” - in which self-disclosures were presented as a way of normalizing patient experiences; A way to gain credibility: “I know because I have been there myself” – in which self-disclosures were regarded as a way for the therapist to reassure the patient that he or she could understand the patient’s difficulties because they had similar experiences; Objections to self-disclosure: “My personal voice may suppress your voice as a patient” – in which the possible detrimental effects of self-disclosure were described. Therapists’ rationales for self-disclosing were associated with fundamental characteristics of the psychotherapy process.
On using ZCS in a Simulated Continuous Double-Auction Market

This paper presents results from on-going investigations into the performance of the Michigan-style classifier system in a complex multi-agent environment. Using a simplified model of a continuous double-auction market place the use of ZCS as an adaptive economic trading agent is examined. It is shown that a number of small changes to the basic system greatly improves its performance, resulting in improvements in the overall efficiency of the market. It is also shown that the role of the rule-discovery component of the classifier system is particularly critical in such a closely-coupled multi-agent environment.
Orogeny and large‐scale strike‐slip faulting on Venus: Tectonic evolution of Maxwell Montes

The Ishtar Terra highland region of Venus contains mountain belts morphologically similar to terrestrial orogenic belts. Akna Montes and Freyja Montes are long, linear mountain belts with about 4 km of relief above the 3- to 4-km-high Lakshmi Planum. The Maxwell Montes mountain belt, however, is more rectangular in plan view and has relief of approximately 8 km. We have investigated the nature of this latter range using complementary radar images obtained by the Arecibo Observatory and the Venera 15/16 spacecraft, as well as allimetry data obtained by the Venera 15/16 and Pioneer Venus spacecraft. Geological and structural maps have been compiled on the basis of these data, the individual features and their stratigraphic relationships interpreted, and a model for the origin and evolution of Maxwell Montes is proposed. The dominant features of this mountain range are long, parallel ridges and valleys that are intepreted to be anticlines and synclines and to have resulted from ENE-WSW oriented compression. Two major shear zones bound Maxwell Montes on the north and south, converging toward the west. Nine narrow linear parallel features several hundreds of kilometers long (identified as cross-strike discontinuities, CSDs) cut obliquely across the strike of the ridges and valleys in a NW-SE direction and disrupt the structural fabric of the mountain range, dividing Maxwell Montes into 10 crustal domains. Among several possible origins, we find that the data are most consistent with their interpretation as right-lateral strike-slip faults with offsets of up to 125 km. Retrodeformation and reconstruction of Maxwell Montes using the offsets determined for individual domains produces a long linear mountain range similar to Akna Montes. Using geologic unit maps and topographic maps of the present configuration of Maxwell, similar reconstructions were made; these reconstructions restored several linear tectonic elements, topographic trends, and sinuous unit boundaries to more contiguous positions. On the basis of these data and observations we suggest that Akna Montes may represent the initial form of compressional orogenic belts on Venus, while Maxwell Montes attained its present morphology through a second stage of deformation involving large-scale strike-slip faulting. We examine several models for this second stage and favor the interpretation that it occurred as the Akna Montes-like proto-Maxwell Montes was transported to the west between two converging shear zones, accompanied by rotation of the entire mountain range. Thirty percent shortening of the mountain range is implied by the geometries of the present and reconstructed Maxwell Montes. On the basis of the deforamation in Maxwell Montes and the evidence for large-scale transport we conclude that large-scale horizontal a movement of crustal materials is a significant aspect of the tectonics of Venus.
Atomic Carbon in M82: Physical Conditions Derived from Simultaneous Observations of the [C I] Fine-Structure Submillimeter-Wave Transitions

We report the first extragalactic detection of the neutral carbon [C I]3P2 →3P1 fine-structure line at 809 GHz. The line was observed toward M82 simultaneously with the 3P1 →3P0 line at 492 GHz, providing a precise measurement of the J = 2 → 1/J = 1 → 0 integrated line ratio of 0.96 (on a [K km s-1] scale). This ratio constrains the [C I] emitting gas to have a temperature of at least 50 K and a density of at least 104 cm-3. Already at this minimum temperature and density, the beam averaged C I column density is large, 2.1 × 1018 cm-2, confirming the high C I/CO abundance ratio of ≈ 0.5 estimated earlier from the 492 GHz line alone. We argue that the [C I] emission from M82 most likely arises in clouds of linear size around a few pc with a density of about 104 cm-3 or slightly higher and temperatures of from 50 K up to about 100 K.
A Simple Approach for Monitoring Business Service Time Variation

Control charts are effective tools for signal detection in both manufacturing processes and service processes. Much of the data in service industries comes from processes having nonnormal or unknown distributions. The commonly used Shewhart variable control charts, which depend heavily on the normality assumption, are not appropriately used here. In this paper, we propose a new asymmetric EWMA variance chart (EWMA-AV chart) and an asymmetric EWMA mean chart (EWMA-AM chart) based on two simple statistics to monitor process variance and mean shifts simultaneously. Further, we explore the sampling properties of the new monitoring statistics and calculate the average run lengths when using both the EWMA-AV chart and the EWMA-AM chart. The performance of the EWMA-AV and EWMA-AM charts and that of some existing variance and mean charts are compared. A numerical example involving nonnormal service times from the service system of a bank branch in Taiwan is used to illustrate the applications of the EWMA-AV and EWMA-AM charts and to compare them with the existing variance (or standard deviation) and mean charts. The proposed EWMA-AV chart and EWMA-AM charts show superior detection performance compared to the existing variance and mean charts. The EWMA-AV chart and EWMA-AM chart are thus recommended.