Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Learning Deep Web Crawling with Diverse Features

The key to Deep Web crawling is to submit promising keywords to query form and retrieve Deep Web content efficiently. To select keywords, existing methods make a decision based on keywords’ statistic information deriving from TF and DF in local acquired records, thus work well only in textual databases providing full text search interfaces, whereas not well in structured databases of multi-attribute or field-restricted search interfaces. This paper proposes a novel Deep Web crawling method. Keywords are encoded as a tuple by its linguistic, statistic and HTML features so that a harvest rate evaluation model can be learned from the issued keywords for the un-issued in future. The method breaks through the assumption of plain-text search made by existing methods. Experimental results show that the method outperforms the state of the art methods.
Characteristics of patients with allergic polysensitization: the POLISMAIL study.

BACKGROUND The natural history of respiratory allergy is commonly characterized by a worsening of symptom severity, frequent comorbidity of rhinitis and asthma, and polysensitization to aeroallergens. The polysensitization phenomenon starts since childhood and is rare to find monosensitized adult patients. However, there are few studies investigating the characteristics of polysensitized patients. METHODS This study was performed on a large cohort of patients with allergic rhinitis (assessed by ARIA criteria) and/or mild to moderate asthma (assessed by GINA). The kind and the number of sensitizations, their patterns, and the relation with quality of life (QoL) measured by the Juniper's RQLQ guestionnaire, were evaluated. RESULTS Globally 418 patients (50.2% males, 49.8% females, mean age 26.4 years, range 3.5-65 years, 64 smokers, 371 non-smokers) were enrolled: 220 had allergic rhinitis alone, and 198 allergic rhinitis and asthma. The mean number ofsensitizations was 2.6. Three hundred-five patients (73%) had persistent rhinitis (PER), 220 of them with moderate-severe form. There was no significant derence in rate of rhinitis and asthma in monosensitized or polysensitized patients. Most patients were sensitized to pollens, whereas only 24.2% of them were sensitized to perennial allergens. Polysensitization was significantly associated with some issues of QoL, confirming previous findings, but not with number ofsensitizations. CONCLUSIONS This study provides data confirming for poly-sensitized patients the relevance of ARIA classification of AR. PER is the most common form of AR in this cohort, symptoms are frequently moderate-severe, and asthma is present in about the half of patients with AR.
Causal Falling Rule Lists

A causal falling rule list (CFRL) is a sequence of if-then rules that specifies heterogeneous treatment effects, where (i) the order of rules determines the treatment effect subgroup a subject belongs to, and (ii) the treatment effect decreases monotonically down the list. A given CFRL parameterizes a hierarchical bayesian regression model in which the treatment effects are incorporated as parameters, and assumed constant within model-specific subgroups. We formulate the search for the CFRL best supported by the data as a Bayesian model selection problem, where we perform a search over the space of CFRL models, and approximate the evidence for a given CFRL model using standard variational techniques. We apply CFRL to a census wage dataset to identify subgroups of differing wage inequalities between men and women.
Relativistic Effects on Neutrino Pair Annihilation above a Kerr Black Hole with the Accretion Disk

Using idealized models of the accretion disk, we investigate the relativistic effects on the energy deposition rate via neutrino pair annihilation near the rotation axis of a Kerr black hole. Neutrinos are emitted from the accretion disk. The bending of neutrino trajectories and the redshift due to the disk rotation and gravitation are taken into consideration. The Kerr parameter, a, affects not only behavior of the neutrinos but also the inner radius of the accretion disk. When the deposition energy is mainly contributed by the neutrinos coming from the central part, the redshift effect becomes dominant as a becomes large, and the energy deposition rate is reduced compared with that neglecting the relativistic effects. On the other hand, for a small a, the bending effect becomes dominant and makes the energy increase by factor of 2 compared with that which neglects the relativistic effects. For the disk with a temperature gradient, the energy deposition rate for a small inner radius of the accretion disk is smaller than that estimated by neglecting the relativistic effects. The relativistic effects, especially for a large a, play a negative role in avoiding the baryon contamination problem in gamma-ray bursts.
Prevalence and Seroincidence of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C Infection in High Risk People Who Inject Drugs in China and Thailand

We determined the prevalence and incidence of HBV and HCV infection in people who inject drugs (PWIDs) at high risk for HIV in China and Thailand and determined the association of HBV and HCV incidence with urine opiate test results and with short-term versus long-term buprenorphine-naloxone (B-N) treatment use in a randomized clinical trial (HPTN 058). 13.8% of 1049 PWIDs in China and 13.9% of 201 PWIDs in Thailand were HBsAg positive at baseline. Among HBsAg negative participants, the HBsAg incidence rate was 2.7/100 person years in China and 0/100 person years in Thailand. 81.9% of 1049 PWIDs in China and 59.7% of 201 in Thailand were HCV antibody positive at baseline. The HCV confirmed seroincidence rate among HCV antibody negative PWIDs was 22/100 person years in China and 4.6/100 person years in Thailand. Incident HBsAg was not significantly different in the short-term versus long-term B-N arm in China or Thailand. Participants with positive opiate results in at least 75% of their urines during the time period were at increased risk of incident HBsAg (HR = 5.22; 95% CI, 1.08 to 25.22; P = 0.04) in China, but not incident HCV conversion in China or Thailand.
Microbial and dietary factors associated with the 8-prenylnaringenin producer phenotype: a dietary intervention trial with fifty healthy post-menopausal Caucasian women

Hop-derived food supplements and beers contain the prenylflavonoids xanthohumol (X), isoxanthohumol (IX) and the very potent phyto-oestrogen (plant-derived oestrogen mimic) 8-prenylnaringenin (8-PN). The weakly oestrogenic IX can be bioactivated via O-demethylation to 8-PN. Since IX usually predominates over 8-PN, human subjects may be exposed to increased doses of 8-PN. A dietary intervention trial with fifty healthy post-menopausal Caucasian women was undertaken. After a 4 d washout period, participants delivered faeces, blank urine and breath samples. Next, they started a 5 d treatment with hop-based supplements that were administered three times per d and on the last day, a 24 h urine sample was collected. A semi-quantitative FFQ was used to estimate fat, fibre, alcohol, caffeine and theobromine intakes. The recoveries of IX, 8-PN and X in the urine were low and considerable inter-individual variations were observed. A five-fold increase in the dosage of IX without change in 8-PN concentration resulted in a significant lower IX recovery and a higher 8-PN recovery. Classification of the subjects into poor (60 %), moderate (25 %) and strong (15 %) 8-PN producers based on either urinary excretion or microbial bioactivation capacity gave comparable results. Recent antibiotic therapy seemed to affect the 8-PN production negatively. A positive trend between methane excretion and 8-PN production was observed. Strong 8-PN producers consumed less alcohol and had a higher theobromine intake. From this study we conclude that in vivoO-demethylation of IX increases the oestrogenic potency of hop-derived products.
Self-esteem and Life Changes : Common Profiles

This study's purpose was to investigate the relationship between an individual's self-esteem and the decisions he makes during life changes. Specifically, self-esteem of career changers and its relationship to need satisfying conditions of their occupations was examined. Transfer of these findings to classroom implications was discussed. The subjects were 56 adults attending a State University College in New York, randomly selected by the college's Administrative Computing Services. This sample population completed Rosenberg's SelfEsteem Scale (Rosenberg, 1965) to reflect their selfesteem before and after their decision to change career. The subjects were then divided into categories based on the level of self-esteem before and after the decision to change career. They also identified current occupation and targeted occupation. Occupational reinforcers, also defined as need satisfying conditions, were then matched with each occupation. Chi squared statistical analyses were run to identify any significant shifts in reinforcer patterns. Only the high self-esteem before and after decision to change career provided sufficient data for substantive analysis. Of the 21 reinforcers, seven exhibited significant shifts: ability utilization, achievement, company policies and practices, creativity, responsibility, variety, and autonomy. Further research of a more diverse population, of more specific sub-groups, and of various aspects of students' school-related choices, is suggested. Public opinion is a weak tyrant compared with our own private opinion. What a man thinks of himself, that it is which determines . his fate. Thoreau, Walden 1854
Bioinspired Programming of Memory Devices for Implementing an Inference Engine

Cognitive tasks are essential for the modern applications of electronics, and rely on the capability to perform inference. The Von Neumann bottleneck is an important issue for such tasks, and emerging memory devices offer an opportunity to overcome this issue by fusing computing and memory, in nonvolatile instant on/off systems. A vision for accomplishing this is to use brain-inspired architectures, which excel at inference and do not differentiate between computing and memory. In this work, we use a neuroscience-inspired model of learning, spike-timing-dependent plasticity, to develop a bioinspired approach for programming memory devices, which naturally gives rise to an inference engine. The method is then adapted to different memory devices, including multivalued memories (cumulative memristive device, phase-change memory) and stochastic binary memories (conductive bridge memory, spin transfer torque magnetic tunnel junction). By means of system-level simulations, we investigate several applications, including image recognition and pattern detection within video and auditory data. We compare the results of the different devices. Stochastic binary devices require the use of redundancy, the extent of which depends tremendously on the considered task. A theoretical analysis allows us to understand how the various devices differ, and ties the inference engine to the machine learning algorithm of expectation-maximization. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate an exceptional robustness of the inference engine with respect to device variations and other issues. A theoretical analysis explains the roots of this robustness. These results highlight a possible new bioinspired paradigm for programming emerging memory devices, allowing the natural learning of a complex inference engine. The physics of the memory devices plays an active role. The results open the way for a reinvention of the role of memory, when solving inference tasks.
Donor factors.

1. Although left kidneys had a 2% higher graft survival rate at one-year posttransplant, the survival rates for left and right kidneys were comparable at 2, 3, and 4 years after transplantation. Kidneys transplanted en bloc were shown to have a 6% lower graft survival rate than either left or right kidneys. 2. Male donor kidney had a 4% higher rate of graft survival than female donor kidneys at both one and 4 years posttransplant. 3. Kidneys obtained from Black donors had a 4% lower graft survival rate at one-year posttransplant, and a 7% lower graft survival rate at 4 years after transplantation than White donor kidneys. White, Hispanic, and Asian donors all had comparable rates of graft survival at one, 2, and 3 years posttransplant. Black donor kidneys also had a significantly shorter half-life; 6.7 years, compared with 7.1 years for kidneys from Asian donors, 9.7 years for Hispanic donors, and 8.6 years for White donors. Blacks continued to make up a small fragment of the total donor pool, accounting for less than 10% of all cadaveric donor kidneys. 4. Kidneys from type O donors had a 5% higher graft survival rate at 4 years posttransplant when compared to AB kidneys and had a 2% higher 4-year graft survival rate than either type A or B kidneys. 5. Pediatric (younger than 5 years of age) donor kidneys had a 10% lower graft survival rate than kidneys from donors between 6 and 45 years of age. Kidneys from donors over 60 years of age had an 11% lower one-year graft survival rate than donors between 6 and 45 years of age, and a 19% lower survival rate at 4 years posttransplant. Survival rates decreased with increasing donor age; kidneys from donors between 46 and 60 years of age had a 5% lower graft survival rate at one year, and a 9% lower rate of graft survival at 4 years posttransplant when compared to "middle aged" donors. The poorest graft survival was observed for kidneys from donors over 60 years of age; 10% and 19% lower graft survival at one and 4 years posttransplant, respectively, compared to donors between 6 and 45 years of age. 6. Kidneys from trauma donors had a 4% higher survival rate at one-year posttransplant, and a 6% higher survival rate at 4 years posttransplant when compared to kidneys from nontrauma donors. Kidneys obtained from victims of motor vehicle accidents, traumatic suicides, and assaults (gunshot wounds and stabbings) had the highest rate of graft survival. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Process of Protein Transport by the Type III Secretion System

SUMMARY The type III secretion system (TTSS) of gram-negative bacteria is responsible for delivering bacterial proteins, termed effectors, from the bacterial cytosol directly into the interior of host cells. The TTSS is expressed predominantly by pathogenic bacteria and is usually used to introduce deleterious effectors into host cells. While biochemical activities of effectors vary widely, the TTSS apparatus used to deliver these effectors is conserved and shows functional complementarity for secretion and translocation. This review focuses on proteins that constitute the TTSS apparatus and on mechanisms that guide effectors to the TTSS apparatus for transport. The TTSS apparatus includes predicted integral inner membrane proteins that are conserved widely across TTSSs and in the basal body of the bacterial flagellum. It also includes proteins that are specific to the TTSS and contribute to ring-like structures in the inner membrane and includes secretin family members that form ring-like structures in the outer membrane. Most prominently situated on these coaxial, membrane-embedded rings is a needle-like or pilus-like structure that is implicated as a conduit for effector translocation into host cells. A short region of mRNA sequence or protein sequence in effectors acts as a signal sequence, directing proteins for transport through the TTSS. Additionally, a number of effectors require the action of specific TTSS chaperones for efficient and physiologically meaningful translocation into host cells. Numerous models explaining how effectors are transported into host cells have been proposed, but understanding of this process is incomplete and this topic remains an active area of inquiry.
Possible therapeutic value of melatonin in mild cognitive impairment: a retrospective study

Abstract: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is an etiologically heterogeneous syndrome characterized by cognitive impairment preceding dementia. Approximately 12% of MCI patients convert to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) or other dementia disorders every year. In the present report we retrospectively examined the initial and final neuropsychological assessment of 50 MCI outpatients, 25 of whom had received daily 3–9 mg of a fast‐release melatonin preparation p.o. at bedtime for 9–18 months. Melatonin was given in addition to the standard medication prescribed by the attending psychiatrist. Patients treated with melatonin showed significantly better performance in Mini Mental State Examination and the cognitive subscale of the Alzheimer’s Disease Assessment Scale. After application of a battery of neuropsychological tests including Mattis’ test, Digit‐symbol test, Trail A and B tasks and the Rey’s verbal test, better performance was found in melatonin‐treated patients, except for the Digit‐symbol test score which remained unchanged. Abnormally high Beck Depression Inventory scores decreased in melatonin‐treated patients, concomitantly with an improvement in wakefulness and sleep quality. The results suggest that melatonin can be a useful add‐on drug for treating MCI in a clinical setting.
Diffuse and segmental variants of cutaneous leiomyomatosis: novel mutations in the fumarate hydratase gene and review of the literature

Abstract: Multiple cutaneous and uterine leiomyomatosis (MCUL; OMIM 150800) is an autosomal dominantly inherited disease characterized by leiomyomas of the skin and uterine leiomyomas. Recently, association of MCUL with different forms of renal cancer has been described. This syndrome is referred to as hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (OMIM 605839). Both disorders result from heterozygous germline mutations in the fumarate hydratase (FH) gene that may function as a tumor suppressor. Interestingly, cutaneous leiomyomas do not only manifest in a diffuse and symmetric fashion. Rather frequently, a segmental or band‐like manifestation pattern can be observed, usually following the lines of Blaschko. Here, we sought to elucidate the molecular basis of diffuse and segmental cutaneous leiomyomatosis in six unrelated Dutch and Spanish patients and their families. We identified six novel FH mutations, including one missense and one nonsense mutation, two deletions and two splice‐site mutations. The segmental phenotype that was observed in various patients with FH mutations most likely reflects a type 2 segmental manifestation of cutaneous leiomyomatosis as previously also described for other autosomal dominantly inherited skin diseases. The results presented here extend the current data on the molecular basis of familial cutaneous leiomyomatosis and comprise, to the best of our knowledge, the first genetic study in Dutch and Spanish patients with this disorder. In addition, we review the clinical and molecular aspects of the disease.
Individual and team decision making under stress: Theoretical underpinnings.

As previously discussed, the Tactical Decision Making Under Stress (TADMUS) program was designed to (a) define the decision problem facing Navy tactical teams, (b) develop measures of tactical decision making (TDM) performance, (c) collect empirical data to document the impact of stress on TDM, and (d) develop and test principles for decision support, information display, training system design, and simulation that would mitigate these stress effects. Given the complexity of the environment (see Collyer & Malecki, chap. 1, this volume), the project team was presented with a formidable challenge: how to weed through the universe of things that we could do to improve performance and select only those interventions that would yield the most significant gains. We were motivated both practically and scientifically to answer this question. On the practical side, it was clear that a program afforded the resources and visibility of TADMUS needed to provide some demonstrable results fairly quickly. More important, we were committed from the outset to develop and test interventions that would actually be implemented in operational settings -we did not have the time or money to suffer many failures. From the scientific side, we were determined to make best use of what we considered to be a tremendous opportunity-the mandate and resources to study a difficult, real-world problem in depth. This was a n opportunity that does not present itself very often. Given this dilemma, we fell back to an old adage that traces back to Kurt Lewin: “There’s nothing more practical than a good theory” (Marrow, 1969). Our reasoning was that if we adopted a few strong theoretical positions and generated promising hypotheses from these, our chances of success would be greatly enhanced. Therefore, several emerging areas of theory and research were exploited as a means to drive empirical work. The purpose of this chapter is to review briefly these theoretical perspectives. To do this, we first provide a description of the boundaries of the problem we were dealing with and offer definitions of key concepts. Next, we discuss the way we approached the problem of selecting theories that we believed could drive the specification of training interventions. Follow-
Description of Pallisentis (Brevitritospinus) punctati n. sp. (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) from Channa punctatus in Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India

Background: The genus Pallisentis is an endoparasitic acanthocephalan inhabiting the intestinal walls. Hooks and spines of the worm are significant taxonomical and adaptive tools. Methods: The parasites were fixed, dehydrated and examined under Olympus BX 53 Microscope with DIC attachment, digital camera and CELLSENS imaging system [Light microscopy (LM)] and fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer, dehydrated, rotary-coated with gold palladium in NeoCoater 100–240V and examined in Neo JCM-6000 [scanning electron microscopy (SEM)]. Results: P. punctati n. sp. (prevalence 65.51%; mean intensity 3–6 par/host) is described. Females almost twice as large as males; proboscis hooks small; collar spine rows similar [16] and constant in both sexes but number of spines per row greater in females [22] than males [14]; trunk spine rows 28–39 (spines per row 14–18) in females and 20–26 (spines per row 10–12) in males. spine length of females almost twice as long as males, spines extend up to posterior testis in males and ¾ of total body length in females, Saefftigen’s pouch present, nuclei in cement gland 10–11, seminal vesicle, bursa and egg size small. SEM indicated lack of micro sculptures, and spines embedded on pre-trunk and trunk. Sex-based differences apparent (hook sizes, greater number of spines per row and longer spines in pre-trunk and trunk of females). Male trunk spine was narrower and of lateral spine with characteristic hooked appearance. Conclusion: A new species of Pallisentis based on LM and SEM is described, sexual diversity in hook and spine structure is reported.