Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hepatic parenchyma resection using stapling devices: peri-operative and long-term outcome.

BACKGROUND Stapler-assisted hepatectomy has not been well established, as a routine procedure, although few reports exist in the literature. This analysis assesses the safety and outcome of the method based on peri-operative data. MATERIALS AND METHODS From February 2005 to December 2006, endo GIA vascular staplers were used for parenchymal liver transection in 62 consecutive cases in our department. There were 18 (29%) patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), 31 (50%) with metastatic lesions and 13 (21%) with benign lesions [adenoma, focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH), simple cysts]. Twenty-one patients underwent major resections (33.9%) (i.e. removal of three segments or more) and 41 (66.1%) minor hepatic resections. RESULTS Median blood loss was 260 ml. The median total operative time was 150 min and median transection time was 35 min. No patient required more than 2 days of intensive care unit (ICU) treatment. The median hospital stay was 8 days. Surgical complications included two (3%) cases of bile leak, two (3%) cases of pneumonia, two (3%) cases with wound infection and two (3%) cases with pleural effusion. The peri-operative mortality was zero. In a 30-month median follow-up, all patients with benign lesions were alive and free of disease. The 3-year disease-free survival for patients with HCC was 61% (57% for patients with colorectal metastases) and the 3-year survival 72% (68% for patients with colorectal metastases). CONCLUSION Stapler-assisted liver resection is feasible with a low incidence of surgical complications. It can be used as an alternative for parenchyma transection especially in demanding hepatectomies for elimination of the operating time and control of bleeding.
Human Coronavirus 229E Infects Polarized Airway Epithelia from the Apical Surface

ABSTRACT Gene transfer to differentiated airway epithelia with existing viral vectors is very inefficient when they are applied to the apical surface. This largely reflects the polarized distribution of receptors on the basolateral surface. To identify new receptor-ligand interactions that might be used to redirect vectors to the apical surface, we investigated the process of infection of airway epithelial cells by human coronavirus 229E (HCoV-229E), a common cause of respiratory tract infections. Using immunohistochemistry, we found the receptor for HCoV-229E (CD13 or aminopeptidase N) localized mainly to the apical surface of airway epithelia. When HCoV-229E was applied to the apical or basolateral surface of well-differentiated primary cultures of human airway epithelia, infection primarily occurred from the apical side. Similar results were noted when the virus was applied to cultured human tracheal explants. Newly synthesized virions were released mainly to the apical side. Thus, HCoV-229E preferentially infects human airway epithelia from the apical surface. The spike glycoprotein that mediates HCoV-229E binding and fusion to CD13 is a candidate for pseudotyping retroviral envelopes or modifying other viral vectors.
Aromatic side-chain contribution to far-ultraviolet circular dichroism of helical peptides and its effect on measurement of helix propensities.

Peptides of the sequence Ac-XKAAAAKAAAAKAAAAK-amide, where X is Tyr, Trp, or Ala, produce circular dichroism spectra that are typical of the alpha-helix; there are, however, significant differences between the Tyr, Trp, or Ala peptides in the magnitudes of the far-ultraviolet bands. A tyrosine or tryptophan residue is needed in each peptide in order to measure accurately the peptide concentration and the mean residue ellipticity. The N- or C-terminal position is chosen because helix fraying is greatest at each end and the Tyr or Trp residue should influence the helix content of the peptide least at these positions. Amide proton exchange measurements by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy indicate that the Tyr, Trp, and Ala peptides possess similar amounts of H-bonded secondary structure. Comparison of the far-ultraviolet circular dichroism and absorption spectra of these peptides suggests that the differences in circular dichroism arise in each case from an induced aromatic circular dichroism band, which is positive for Tyr and negative for Trp. Insertion of one to three Gly residues between the aromatic residue and the rest of the helical sequence reduces the induced aromatic band to insignificant levels. Using this procedure of inserting Gly residues between the Tyr and the rest of the helical sequence, we remeasured the helix propensity of Gly. We find that the Ala:Gly ratio of helix propensities is 40, as opposed to our previous estimate of 100 determined using the Tyr peptide without considering the aromatic contribution of Tyr in the analysis [Chakrabartty, A. , Schellman, J. A. , & Baldwin, R. L. (1991) Nature 351, 586-588].
Age diversity and firm performance in an emerging economy: Implications for cross-cultural human resource management

This study tests the effect of age diversity on firm performance among international firms. Based on the resource-based view of the firm, it argues that age diversity among employees will influence firm performance. Moreover, it argues that two contextual variables—a firm's level of market diversification and its country of origin—influence the relationship between age diversity and firm performance. By testing relevant hypotheses in a major emerging economy, that is, the People's Republic of China, this study finds a significant and positive effect of age diversity and a significant interactive effect between age diversity and firm strategy on profitability. We also find a significant relationship between age diversity and firm profitability for firms from Western societies, but not for firms from East Asian societies. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of this study's findings. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Solution-phase surface reconstruction and structural transformation in MWNTs

We report on structural changes induced in arc-grown multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) due to ultrasonic agitation in an aqueous iron nitrate solution. The surface reconstructions were observed to follow three different pathways: (1) transformation from a tubular to a spherical / polyhedral onion-like geometry that involves a lower surface energy, (2) surface reconstruction of shells resulting in NT shrinkage from a larger diameter tube with a hollow core to a smaller diameter one with a solid core, and (3) the creation of highly reactive atomic-scale vacancies on carbon shells with low activation energies in the case of remaining NTs with a hollow core. Upon electron irradiation at extremely low beam intensities (1-2 A/cm2), the NTs with a hollow core have been observed to undergo structural reconstructions that result in shell shrinkage. The demonstrated techniques provide the capability to produce carbon onions in large-scale quantities and allow precision engineering of the geometry of condensed carbon allotropes. In addition, these results offer a route towards creating NTs with increased current densities / specific strength.
An interaction abstraction model for seamless avatar exchange in CVET

Collaboration and interaction between users and virtual humans in virtual environments is a crucial challenge, notably for Collaborative Virtual Environments for Training (CVET). A training procedure, indeed, often involves several actors: trainees, teammates and many times a trainer. Yet, a major benefit of CVET is to propose to users to be trained even if the required number of person needed by the procedure is not available. Therefore, almost every CVET use autonomous virtual humans to replace the missing person. In this paper, we present the main results of our project that aims at improving the effective collaboration between users and virtual humans involved in a complex task within CVET. Using an entity called the ”Shell”, we are able to wrap the features common to both users and virtual humans. It gives us an abstraction level to pool the management of the main processes useful to control an avatar, interact with the environment and gather knowledge from a CVET. Besides, the Shell allows seamless exchange of avatars during a procedure. Thanks to the Shell, the exchange can be carried out at any time during a task while preserving all the data associated to a role in a procedure.
“It's more than hair … that's why you should care”: the politics of appearance for Black women state legislators

African American women female state legislators navigate the politics of appearance differently from others. Black women's texture and style of their hair and their skin tone influences their experiences as state legislators. In sum, this essay contends that Black women's appearances have led to experiences that are linked to building their self-confidence, internal fortitude, and building their character, which they attribute to assisting them with dealing with adversities. In turn, these experiences impact their practices as state legislators.
Law and Economics of Vertical Integration and Control

Law and Economics of Vertical Integration and Control focuses on the processes, methodologies, and approaches involved in the law and economics of vertical integration and control. The publication first elaborates on transaction costs, fixed proportions and contractual alternatives, and variable proportions and contractual alternatives. Discussions focus on sales revenue royalties, ownership integration, output royalties, important product-specific services, successive monopoly, advantages and limitations of internal transfers, and transaction cost determinants. The text then examines vertical integration under uncertainty and vertical integration without contractual alternatives. The book ponders on legal treatment of ownership integration and per se illegal contractual controls. Topics include tying arrangements, public policy assessment, resale price maintenance, vertical integration and the Sherman Act, market foreclosure doctrine, and the 1982 Merger Guidelines. The text also takes a look at contractual controls that are not illegal per se, alternative legal rules, and antitrust policy. The publication is a dependable reference for researchers interested in the law and economics of vertical integration and control.
What is the Value of Eco-Tourism? An Evaluation of Forested Trails for Community Residents and Visitors

It is hoped that the development of ecotourism will ultimately eliminate the negative impacts of tourism on environmental and ecological systems. This study applies the contingent valuation method to assess the economic values of services provided by forested trails newly opened for recreational purposes. The objective is to evaluate the benefits received by the two main user groups: local residents and visitors to the three trails in I-Lan County, Taiwan. In Taiwan, the demand for outdoor recreation is increasing and trails in marginal forest areas have to deal with the conflicting needs for recreation and conservation. The monetary valuation results show that the three forested trails have significant values for both visitors and residents and that to develop ecotourism for the purposes of trail use and conservation will benefit both groups. However, local residents value the trails more than visitors due to their higher reliance on them and their interactions with them: the residents have long lived in the local villages and have relied on their surroundings to earn their living. The visitors, by contrast, visit the trails only occasionally. The authors conclude that the sustainable development of ecourism can maintain the values generated from the trails and deal successfully with the conflict of needs between recreational exploitation and conservation.
In Reply: Sulfadoxine-Pyrimethamine Combination in Congenital Toxoplasmosis.

In Reply: Sulfadoxine– Pyrimethamine Combination in Congenital Toxoplasmosis contrasting with group B in which 1 transient thrombopenia and 1 persistent neutropenia (<500/mm) were observed. For this one, treatment was started at birth leading a neutropenia <500/mm at 2 months of life ruling therapeutic, then Fansidar* was reintroduced after with neutropenia reappearance leading to a definitive stopping of the treatment at 3 months of life. In order to measure compliance of treatment, pharmacological tests were done in sera to determine pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine levels as described previously Pyrimethamine and sulfadoxine assays in serum were possible in 78 children only from group B, 8 among these children had insufficient levels of drugs: a bad observance was reported in 2 children, 1 child had a reflux gastroesophageal, and posology was incorrect for 5 children. From these, the levels of drugs measured in serum were corrected after increase of therapeutic concentrations without adverse event. So we are totally agree to the conclusion of this work and that sulfadoxine–pyrimethamine combination is welltolerated even if the children are treated from birth.
Be yourself or rather be your Brand! Care of the Self as a Control Tool in a Cosmetics Firm

Care of the self, a technique for governing the individual in society, proves to be equally a control technique for the individual in the firm. In a firm dedicated to the cult of beauty, there is a blurring of the lines between employee and consumer individual. This blurring makes care of the self a control tool whose rising power over individuals is all the greater because it is nurtured and maintained by the individuals themselves.
Transcendent work motivation: biblical and secular ontologies

Scholars in the field of work motivation have begun to formulate contemporary theories that address the self-transcendent needs of people who work in organizations. However, the core assumptions of these theories derive from a secular sociological paradigm purporting that humans are only motivated to sustain a symbiotic relationship initiated by the larger society. Thus, these theories may not accurately explicate the true essence of transcendent work motivation – TWM (i.e. a spiritually induced process driven by a selfless need to improve the welfare of society). Therefore, based on a conceptual model synthesized from biblical exegesis of the Salvationist views of Christianity, two recent theories on TWM were critiqued. In light of the capriciousness of human nature and the skewed depiction of altruism portrayed by these theories, it was argued that the biblical ontological frame of reference provides a better ethical platform through which future studies on TWM could spring up.
New genus of opecoelid trematode from Pristipomoides aquilonaris (Perciformes: Lutjanidae) and its phylogenetic affinity within the family Opecoelidae.

Bentholebouria colubrosa gen. n. et sp. n. (Digenea: Opecoelidae) is described in the wenchman, Pristipomoides aquilonaris (Goode et Bean), from the eastern Gulf of Mexico, and new combinations are proposed: Bentholebouria blatta (Bray et Justine, 2009) comb. n. , Bentholebouria longisaccula (Yamaguti, 1970) comb. n. , Bentholebouria rooseveltiae (Yamaguti, 1970) comb. n. , and Bentholebouria ulaula (Yamaguti, 1970) comb. n. The new genus is morphologically similar to Neolebouria Gibson, 1976, but with a longer cirrus sac, entire testes, a rounded posterior margin with a cleft, and an apparent restriction to the deepwater snappers. Morphologically, the new species is closest to B. blatta from Pristipomoides argyrogrammicus (Valenciennes) off New Caledonia but can be differentiated by the nature of the internal seminal vesicle (2-6 turns or loops rather than constrictions), a longer internal seminal vesicle (occupying about 65% rather than 50% of the cirrus sac), a cirrus sac that extends further into the hindbody (averaging 136% rather than 103% of the distance from the posterior margin of the ventral sucker to the ovary), and a narrower body (27% rather than 35% mean width as % of body length). A Bayesian inference analysis of partial sequence of the 28S rDNA from Neolebouria lanceolata (Price, 1934), Cainocreadium lintoni (Siddiqi et Cable, 1960), Hamacreadium mutabile Linton, 1910, Opecoeloides fimbriatus (Linton, 1910), Podocotyloides brevis Andres et Overstreet, 2013, the new species, and previously published comparable sequences from 10 opecoelid species revealed two clades. One clade includes deep-sea (> or = 200 m) and freshwater fish opecoelids + Opecoeloides Bremser in Rudolphi, 1819, and a second clade included those opecoelids from shallow-water marine, perciform fishes.
Job crafting and I-deals: a study testing the nomological network of proactive behaviors

In this research, we investigated the predictive powers of I-deals and job crafting on key employee outcomes (in-role work performance, citizenship behaviors directed at organization and co-workers, affective commitment and intentions to stay). In doing so, we also compared the explanatory degree of job crafting and I-deals on these outcomes. We used two sets of samples, both drawn from across different industries in Istanbul, Turkey. The first study examined the factorial structures of job crafting and I-deals scales. The second study is used to test our hypotheses regarding effects and strengths of I-deals and job crafting on the outcomes. Findings from series of structural equation models underscored that I-deals are more critical in leading to enhanced employee outcomes compared to the effects of job crafting. We discuss the role of these proactive behaviors in today’s ever-changing business settings.
U.S. population redistribution: a perspective on the nonmetropolitan turnaround.

A major demographic surprise emerged in the United States (and many other highly developed countries) in the 1970s when the nonmetropolitan population was observed to be growing faster than the metropolitan population. To analyze when and where the turnaround began and what has happened to it the article presents new data that extend comparisons back to 1900 and monitors change annually after 1970. The turnaround in growth rates began earlier than previously thought and reversed around 1980 with subsequent growth increasingly favoring the metropolitan sector. It was found that metropolitanization has not necessarily implied increasing concentration of population across all spatial units. (SUMMARY IN FRE AND SPA) (EXCERPT)
An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the experiences of older people self-managing cancer pain at home

ABSTRACT Cancer is predominantly an illness affecting older people, yet there is a higher risk of under-treated pain in this age group. Many older people are required to self-manage their cancer pain at home but this is currently an under-researched and poorly understood area. We explored the experiences of older adults who self-manage cancer pain at home using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analytic approach. Eight older adults (aged 72–85 years) were recruited from a hospital in the United Kingdom and interviewed using a semi-structured questionnaire. Themes which emerged from the analysis suggest the self-management of cancer pain involves a perceived loss of control followed by a temporal process of gaining control over pain. Subordinate themes reflected the physical and social restrictions caused by pain; leading to fears regarding familial burden. Participants utilized inner strengths, past experiences, and social support to cope. Successful self-management of cancer pain in late life is conceptualized utilizing a positive psychology framework.
Are a culture of trust and morality associated with paying and repaying behavior

Purpose – Paying and repaying behavior are financial functions of great interest to private financial actors and public regulators, as also to academic researchers. The purpose of the paper is to empirically analyse paying and repaying behavior by combining theoretical insights from an emerging field in economics known as “culture and finance” with ideas from the economic analysis of social capital and trust in the context of different regulatory systems. Design/methodology/approach – The present paper investigates with the help of panel data whether a culture of social trust and the scope of morality have an influence on paying and repaying behavior in different European and OECD countries. Findings – The analysis shows that culture has an effect on firms' credit losses from the customers' payment defaults, on the overall riskiness of paying behavior and on the level of non-performing bank loans. Also the complexity of law-based regulation has an influence on paying and repaying behavior. The analysis also shows that high trust and morality are associated with less complex regulation and vice versa. Practical implications – The results help private financial actors, regulators and public policy makers to design more appropriate behavioral environments for paying and repaying. Originality/value – The paper provides the first analysis of an important issue and it serves both practical interest and further research on the topic.
Theory and Evidence on the Political Economy of Growth

Some recent developments in the literature on the political economy of economic growth are considered in this paper. First, limitations of traditional cross-sectional analysis are discussed. Attention is focused on the problems of omitted variables and model uncertainty. Advantages and disadvantages of alternative methods are discussed as well as evidence obtained from the application of panel techniques and time-series analysis. Second, the relationship between initial inequality and subsequent economic growth is reconsidered in the light of the empirical evidence recently produced by contributions that make use of panel models and high-quality data on income distribution. Third, the role of special interest politics is investigated. Other than lobbying, the “common-pool” problem is an instance of main interest in the political economy literature. It predicts that more fragmented governments are associated to lower growth. I test this prediction on a panel of western European countries. Results appear to be consistent with the theoretical argument.