Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Retrospective Study

This investigation was undertaken because of the number of reports during the last six years suggesting that halothane has hepatotoxic properties. In 1958 Virtue and Payne described a patient who became jaundiced and died after a cholecystectomy under halothanenitrous-oxide anaesthesia. At necropsy the cause of death was shown to be necrosis of the liver and pancreas. Halothane was not directly blamed because the treatment of this patient included measures which might equally well have been responsible for the liver damage. In the same year Burnap et al. (1958) described two patients, one of whom died with necrosis of the liver, and the other developed post-necrotic cirrhosis of the liver, but recovered. Both patients had halothane anaesthesia. Other reports followed of cases of suspected liver damage associated with halothane (Barton, 1959; Vourc'h et al., 1960; Temple et al., 1962 ; Brody and Sweet, 1963 ; Lindenbaum and Leifer, 1963; Bunker and Blumenfeld, 1963; Tornetta and Tamaki, 1963; Heidenberg et al., 1963; Chamberlain, 1963; Deacon, 1963; Gordon, 1963; Verdenal et al., 1963; Kerbel and Hilliard, 1963; Tygstrup, 1963; Ashton et al., 1963; Robinson, 1963; Beddard, 1963, and Chambers et al., 1964). Altogether 40 cases have now been reported in the world literature in which halothane is suspected as having hepatotoxic properties. The manufacturers of halothane (I.C.I. Ltd.) addressed an inquiry to 1,700 anaesthetists in Great Britain. The results were reported by Green and Mungavin (1964). Another 47 instances were disclosed in which jaundice had followed an operation under an anaesthetic of which halothane was part. They could not find any clear evidence of a hepatotoxic action of halothane in these cases. They could not, however, rule out the possibility of multiple administrations of halothane as a causative factor. The evidence so far, therefore, is largely confined to individual case reports. These have focused attention on serious and usually fatal hepatic complications. Johnstone (1964) has recently drawn attention to the possible factors which may cause post-operative jaundice and liver necrosis. He points out that halothane does not come within Klatskin's (1960) definition of a hepatotoxin and that the majority of the cases of liver damage attributed to halothane show features similar to "allergic changes caused by the presence of antigenic substances in the sensitized liver. " Sherlock (1964) suggests that there may exist in certain individuals a susceptibility of the liver to halothane. However, apart from such a hypothetical susceptibility, or a sensitivity induced by multiple administrations, it is not unreasonable to
Zinc protoporphyrin levels have added value in the prediction of low hemoglobin deferral in whole blood donors

Increased zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) levels can indicate iron deficiency and may be predictive for low hemoglobin (Hb) deferral in blood donors. Prediction models for Hb deferral in whole blood donors have already been developed. In this study, we examined if addition of ZPP to these prediction models improves risk estimation of Hb deferral.
Steroid Tumor Environment in Male and Female Mice Model of Canine and Human Inflammatory Breast Cancer

Canine inflammatory mammary cancer (IMC) shares clinical and histopathological characteristics with human inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) and has been proposed as a good model for studying the human disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the capacity of female and male mice to reproduce IMC and IBC tumors and identify the hormonal tumor environment. To perform the study sixty 6–8-week-old male and female mice were inoculated subcutaneously with a suspension of 106IPC-366 and SUM149 cells. Tumors and serum were collected and used for hormonal analysis. Results revealed that IPC-366 reproduced tumors in 90% of males inoculated after 2 weeks compared with 100% of females that reproduced tumor at the same time. SUM149 reproduced tumors in 40% of males instead of 80% of females that reproduced tumors after 4 weeks. Both cell lines produce distant metastasis in lungs being higher than the metastatic rates in females. EIA analysis revealed that male tumors had higher T and SO4E1 concentrations compared to female tumors. Serum steroid levels were lower than those found in tumors. In conclusion, IBC and IMC male mouse model is useful as a tool for IBC research and those circulating estrogens and intratumoral hormonal levels are crucial in the development and progression of tumors.
An Examination of Job Satisfaction of Hotel Front Office Managers According to Extrinsic, Intrinsic, and General Motivational Factors

Job satisfaction can be conceptualized in a variety of ways, including extrinsic, intrinsic, and general satisfaction. Such job satisfaction is generally attributed to various intrinsic and extrinsic factors that are motivators of employee behaviors. How an employee perceives and feels about these various factors and how they affect their job is the basis for assessing job satisfaction. This study explores the extent of the relationship among various extrinsic, intrinsic, and general motivational factors and overall job satisfaction of hotel front office managers with a leading international hotel company. Corporate culture and self actualization issues had the greatest impact on the job satisfaction of the front office managers. The majority of these extrinsic factors was related to matters that were often outside of the control of the respondents. Hotels that can permit high levels of creativity, empowerment, and ability utilization while removing or overcoming inflexible barriers that tend to hinder such achievements will achieve higher levels of satisfaction from its front office managers.
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome among low-income South Asian Americans

Abstract Objective The purpose of the present paper is to examine the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components using the harmonized definition in an interviewed sub-sample of diverse, low-income, adult South Asians (SA) of both sexes residing in Maryland. We also wanted to derive a BMI cut-off value that was highly correlated with the recommended waist circumference (WC) that we could apply to a larger sample of SA Americans for whom only BMI values were available from clinic files. We also examined differences in MetS prevalence among various Asian ethnic groups (defined by country of origin) and the clustering pattern of their MetS components. Design Clinical data extraction on subjects (n 1002) and interviewees (n 401) were used in a cross-sectional study of SA Americans. Setting Two community health centres in Montgomery and Baltimore County, MD, USA. Subjects SA adult males and females (n 1403) aged 20–68 years. Results The prevalence of MetS using harmonized WC cut-offs (90 cm in men and 80 cm in women) was 47 % in men and 54 % in women. Using a BMI of 23·0 kg/m2 gave a similar prevalence of MetS for males (48 %) and females (47 %). Of the five MetS components, the prevalence pattern differed among the ethnic groups, particularly for SA Indians. Conclusions The prevalence of MetS in a diverse, low-income, SA American immigrant group using the harmonized definition was 51 %. Derived lowered BMI cut-off of 23·0 kg/m2 should be used by clinicians in studies on SA when WC values are not available for detecting metabolic risk. SA Indians had a higher prevalence of abnormal TAG and blood glucose values compared with other SA, and therefore results for SA Indians should not be generalized to all SA ethnic groups.
Jean-Paul Sartre’s positioning in Anti-Semite and Jew

This article is one of the first to employ positioning theory to analyse an intellectual product. After introducing the theory itself, it explores how Sartre’s book Réflexions sur la question juive enabled him to locate himself within, as well as intervene in, the socio-political and intellectual context at the time. Using the text, Sartre positioned himself as an authoritative public intellectual: that is, a generalist, drawing on his vast cultural resources to speak out about a wide range of important societal issues with moral conviction. He also positioned himself within the tradition of the Dreyfusard notion of the intellectual: that is, as an intellectual who engages with contemporary social and political issues and who is a defender of progressive Republican notions whilst remaining an independent voice – with the qualification that he expressed disquiet about the French Republican notion of citizenship. Drawing on these insights, the article ends by discussing glaring omissions in Sartre’s Réflexions sur la question juive, making sense of them in the light of the socio-political context of the mid-1940s in France. The article shows the fruitfulness of positioning theory for analysing intellectual interventions, whether they are in the form of books, essays or articles.
Analysis of Finnish chemistry Matriculation Examination questions according to Cognitive Complexity

This paper presents an analysis of Finnish chemistry matriculation examination questions according to cognitive complexity. The research data consisted of 257 questions from 28 matriculation examinations between 1996 and 2009. Qualitative approach and theory-driven content analysis method using Bloom’s revised Taxonomy of Cognitive Objectives were employed in the research. The categories of the higher-order (HOCS) and lower-order cognitive skills (LOCS) were formed on the basis of earlier research. This research was guided by the following question: What kinds of cognitive skills and knowledge do Finnish chemistry matriculation examination questions require? The research indicates that the examinations were cognitively demanding. The majority (77%) of the questions required higher-order cognitive skills. The Bloom’s revised Taxonomy of Cognitive Objectives as used in this research gives a useful way for designing or analysing chemistry summative assessment tools. All three higher-order cognitive skills (HOCS) categories should be more evenly presented in chemistry matriculation examinations.
Single‐stage application of a novel decellularized dermis for treatment‐resistant lower limb ulcers: Positive outcomes assessed by SIAscopy, laser perfusion, and 3D imaging, with sequential timed histological analysis

We present results of an original clinical study investigating efficacy of a decellularized dermal skin substitute (DCD) as part of a one‐stage therapeutic strategy for recalcitrant leg ulcers. Twenty patients with treatment‐resistant ulcers underwent hydrosurgical debridement, after which DCD was applied and covered with negative pressure dressings for 1 week. Participants were reviewed on seven occasions over 6 months. 3D photography, full‐field laser perfusion imaging, spectrophotometric intracutaneous analysis, and sequential biopsies were used to monitor healing. Mean ulcer duration and surface area prior to DCD placement were 4.76 years (range 0.25–40 years) and 13.11 cm2 (range 1.06–40.75 cm2), respectively. Seventy percent of ulcers were venous. Surface area decreased in all patients after treatment (range 23–100%). Mean reduction was 87% after 6 months, and 60% of patients healed completely. Wound bed hemoglobin flux increased significantly 6 weeks after treatment (p = 0.005). Histological and immunohistochemical analysis confirmed progressive DCD integration with colonization by host fibroblasts, lymphocytes, and neutrophils, resulting in fibroplasia, reepithelialisation, and angiogenesis, with correlating raised CD31, collagen I, and collagen III levels. Subgroup analysis showed differing cellular behavior depending on wound duration, with delayed angiogenesis, reduced collagen deposition, and smaller reductions in surface area in ulcers present for over 1 year. The stain intensities of immunohistochemical markers including fibronectin, collagen, and CD31 differed depending on depth from the wound surface and presence of intact epithelium. DCD safely produced significant improvement in treatment‐resistant leg ulcers. With no requirement for hospital admission, anesthetic, or autogenic skin grafting, this treatment could be administered in hospital and community settings.
Anthropology and Alcohol Studies: Current Issues

Anthropological data, methods, and concepts have contributed significantly over many years to our understanding of the interactions between alcohol and the human animal. Ironically, such contributions appear to be recognized more widely among practitioners and professionals in health and policy fields than within the discipline of anthropology. In this paper, I briefly review the major impacts of anthropologists on the broad field of alcohol studies. I emphasize the striking changes that have taken place since the 1970s, and discuss current issues that are focusing multidisciplinary attention on such work. Brief discussion provides an historical context for both the multi­ disciplinary realm of alcohol studies and the roles of anthropology within it. The specifically anthropological issues within alcohol studies include types of populations studied, links made between alcohol and other factors in cultural context, and the range of research methods used. I note the practical im­ plications of all the foregoing and offer general conclusions, emphasizing the impact of anthropological perspectives.
Inactivation of the sodium channel. II. Gating current experiments

Gating current (Ig) has been studied in relation to inactivation of Na channels. No component of Ig has the time course of inactivation; apparently little or no charge movement is associated with this step. Inactivation nonetheless affects Ig by immobilizing about two-thirds of gating charge. Immobilization can be followed by measuring ON charge movement during a pulse and comparing it to OFF charge after the pulse. The OFF:ON ratio is near 1 for a pulse so short that no inactivation occurs, and the ratio drops to about one-third with a time course that parallels inactivation. Other correlations between inactivation and immobilization are that: (a) they have the same voltage dependence; (b) charge movement recovers with the time coures of recovery from inactivation. We interpret this to mean that the immobilized charge returns slowly to "off" position with the time course of recovery from inactivation, and that the small current generated is lost in base-line noise. At -150 mV recover is very rapid, and the immobilized charge forms a distinct slow component of current as it returns to off position. After destruction of inactivation by pronase, there is no immobilization of charge. A model is presented in which inactivation gains its voltage dependence by coupling to the activation gate.
Research on Leadership Selection and Training: One View of the Future

I wish to express my particular thanks for their helpful, critical comments to Lee R. Beach, Judith Fiedler, Susan Infield, and Chad Lewis. Their suggestions contributed materially to the final version of this paper. Address correspondence to the author at 1250 N.W. 126th Street, Seattle, WA 98177-4343 (e-mail: (fiedler@uu.washington.edu)). The past 40 years have seen considerable strides in our understanding of leadership, which until recently focused on inherited traits and abilities. Although we now see leadership as a complex interaction between the leader and the social and organizational environment, this lesson is frequently ignored in personnel selection and leadership training. At this time, most leader selection and leadership training approaches have not been adequately validated. Further progress in these areas requires that we focus research on methods that integrate situational components into personnel selection and leadership training. '
A Bayesian Model for Joint Unsupervised Induction of Sentiment, Aspect and Discourse Representations

We propose a joint model for unsupervised induction of sentiment, aspect and discourse information and show that by incorporating a notion of latent discourse relations in the model, we improve the prediction accuracy for aspect and sentiment polarity on the sub-sentential level. We deviate from the traditional view of discourse, as we induce types of discourse relations and associated discourse cues relevant to the considered opinion analysis task; consequently, the induced discourse relations play the role of opinion and aspect shifters. The quantitative analysis that we conducted indicated that the integration of a discourse model increased the prediction accuracy results with respect to the discourse-agnostic approach and the qualitative analysis suggests that the induced representations encode a meaningful discourse structure.
A Simulated Intermediate State for Folding and Aggregation Provides Insights into ΔN6 β2-Microglobulin Amyloidogenic Behavior

A major component of ex vivo amyloid plaques of patients with dialysis-related amyloidosis (DRA) is a cleaved variant of β2-microglobulin (ΔN6) lacking the first six N-terminal residues. Here we perform a computational study on ΔN6, which provides clues to understand the amyloidogenicity of the full-length β2-microglobulin. Contrary to the wild-type form, ΔN6 is able to efficiently nucleate fibrillogenesis in vitro at physiological pH. This behavior is enhanced by a mild acidification of the medium such as that occurring in the synovial fluid of DRA patients. Results reported in this work, based on molecular simulations, indicate that deletion of the N-terminal hexapeptide triggers the formation of an intermediate state for folding and aggregation with an unstructured strand A and a native-like core. Strand A plays a pivotal role in aggregation by acting as a sticky hook in dimer assembly. This study further predicts that the detachment of strand A from the core is maximized at pH 6.2 resulting into higher aggregation efficiency. The structural mapping of the dimerization interface suggests that Tyr10, His13, Phe30 and His84 are hot-spot residues in ΔN6 amyloidogenesis.
Complaint and solution-oriented circles: Interaction patterns in work group discussions

The study investigates interaction patterns in work group discussions, focusing specifically on complaining and solution-oriented statements. Thirty-three work group discussions in three German industrial enterprises were coded with the Cassel Competence Grid (CCG). Lag sequential analysis results showed that complaining begets further complaining statements, while simultaneously inhibiting the expression of solution-oriented statements. Likewise, when solutions are proposed they are followed by further discussion of solutions. If support is expressed for either complaint or solution statements, circles of these two types of interaction arise. To inhibit complaining, the results point to the importance of structuring statements.
El bienestar psicológico: cuatro décadas de progreso

In this paper we review the main research contributions in the last four decades in the field of psychological well-being. Well-being has three basic components: 1) positive affect; 2) negative affect, and 3) cognitive judgments on satisfaction. We present the basic theoretical models that explain well-being (universal, situational, personality, adaptive and discrepancy theories) and the different methodologies used for its measurement, covering both its affective and cognitive components. We also summarise alternative conceptualizations that take into account the flow and the social aspects related to context. The results of cultural studies and the psychological interventions designed to improve the levels of well being are also reviewed.
OGLE-2009-BLG-076S: THE MOST METAL-POOR DWARF STAR IN THE GALACTIC BULGE

Measurements based on a large number of red giant stars suggest a broad metallicity distribution function (MDF) for the Galactic bulge, centered on [Fe/H] ≈ −0.1. However, recently, a new opportunity emerged to utilize temporary flux amplification (by factors of ∼100 or more) of faint dwarf stars in the Bulge which are gravitationally lensed, making them observable with high-resolution spectrographs during a short observational window. Surprisingly, of the first six stars measured, five have [Fe/H]> + 0.30, suggesting a highly skewed MDF, inconsistent with observations of giant stars. Here we present a detailed elemental abundance analysis of OGLE-2009-BLG-076S, based on a high-resolution spectrum obtained with the UVES spectrograph at the ESO Very Large Telescope. Our results indicate it is the most metal-poor dwarf star in the Bulge yet observed, with [Fe/H] = −0.76. Our results argue against a strong selection effect disfavoring metal-poor microlensed stars. It is possible that small number statistics is responsible for the giant/dwarf Bulge MDF discrepancy. Should this discrepancy survive when larger numbers of Bulge dwarf stars (soon to be available) are analyzed, it may require modification of our understanding of either Bulge formation models, or the behavior of metal-rich giant stars.
The Relationship between Anxiety and Iranian EFL Learners' Narrative Writing Performance

This study investigates the relationship between anxiety and written narrative proficiency. At first, a modified version of Comprehensive English Language Test was administered to a group of 82 students to determine their homogeneity as well as to assess their language proficiency. In the next phase of the study, STAI Questionnaire was administered to the participants. Afterwards, participants were asked to do two written narrative tasks including storytelling based on a series of pictures, and storytelling based on the first day experience at school. The findings suggest that there is a negative significant relationship between anxiety and written narrative proficiency.
Game, Set, Match: Psychological Momentum in Tennis

This study was designed to determine if winning a specific game in a tennis match would predict success in the match and if psychological momentum was influenced by ability levels or gender of the players. Subjects were 119 male and female players competing in 163 matches in three sanctioned tennis tournaments. Game-by-game and set results were recorded. Furthermore, interviews were conducted to ascertain players’ perceptions of momentum. Results revealed that winning any of the first eight games in the first and/or second set was a significant predictor of success in the tennis match. However, when only the results of more competitive matches (when sets extended to nine or more games) were examined, Games 8, 10, and 11 in the first set were significant predictors of winning the match, while only Game 4 of the second set resulted in an increased probability of match victory. No gender or ability differences were found. Based on these findings, it is suggested that investigators be cautious in inferring ps.
The Effect of Personality Styles (Level of Introversion- Extroversion) on Social Media Use

This research paper details a study of social network users personality style and their consequent social media use on the popular social networking site (SNS), Facebook. The self-reported level of extroversion amongst other personality traits served as the central delineation of personality style. The amount of social media usage was determined based on basic behaviors and motivations for using the site (e.g., time spent, purpose, etc.). The objective of this study was to determine if and how a relationship existed between Facebook use and personality type in that one personality type would use Facebook more often and for different reasons than the other, unrepresented personality type. The results indicated that heavy Facebook users, who spend more than two hours daily on the site, are seen by themselves and others as more outgoing and extroverted.