Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Study of the Forcing of the 22–25 June 2006 Coastally Trapped Wind Reversal Based on Numerical Simulations and Aircraft Observations

Abstract Coastally trapped wind reversals (CTWRs) occur periodically in the lowest several hundred meters of the marine boundary layer west of California and disrupt the northerly flow that typically occurs during summer. South winds and coastal fog or low stratus accompany the CTWR, which propagates northward along the coast. A CTWR was observed off the California coast during late June 2006 that originated in the California Bight and propagated northward to Cape Mendocino during the subsequent 2-day period. This CTWR event was explored by the University of Wyoming King Air research aircraft to document the primary characteristics of the wind reversal. Numerical simulations of the CTWR event using the Weather Research and Forecast modeling system were conducted to compare with observations and to provide a broader picture of the CTWR structure and evolution. An analysis of the forcing mechanisms responsible for the June 2006 CTWR event is presented. It is demonstrated that the mature CTWR for this case i.
Two cases of venous sinus thrombosis in women taking the oral contraceptive pill, Yaz (dropirenone/ ethinyl estradiol), and review of the literature

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVT) is a rare cause of stroke and the clinical presentation is variable, thus mimicking other neurologic pathologies. One of the more common acquired risk factors of venous sinus thrombosis is oral contraceptive medications such as Yaz. While the prognosis for CVT is favorable, it is important to identify and treat early to prevent neurologic deficits. We report two cases of young female patients who presented with sinus thrombosis and review the current literature on this topic. CVT accounts for 0.5% of strokes and most commonly presents with headaches and in many cases focal neurologic deficits. Diagnosis is confirmed with neuroimaging including CT angiography or MR angiography. Treatment consists of anticoagulation and in some cases, thrombolytic therapy is beneficial. The overall prognosis of CVT is favorable but, further research is needed to outline optimal treatment options including the duration of anticoagulation therapy and the role of thrombolytic therapy to prevent serious neurologic deficits.
Freeze-fracture studies of frog neuromuscular junctions during intense release of neurotransmitter. II. Effects of electrical stimulation and high potassium

Frog cutaneous pectoris nerve muscle preparations were studied by the freeze-fracture technique under the following conditions: (a) during repetitive indirect stimulation for 20 min, 10/s; (b) during recovery from this stimulation; and (c) during treatment with 20 mM K+. Indirect stimulation causes numerous dimples or protuberances to appear on the presynaptic membrane of nerve terminal, and most are located near the active zones. Deep infoldings of the axolemma often develop between the active zones. Neither the number nor the distribution of dimples, protuberances, of infoldings changes markedly during the first minute of recovery. The number of dimples, protuberances, and infoldings is greatly reduced after 10 min of recovery. Since endocytosis proceeds vigorously during the recovery periods, we conclude that endocytosis occurs mostly at the active zones, close to the sites of exocytosis. 20 mM K+ also causes many dimples or protuberances to appear on the axolemma of the nerve terminal but they are distributed almost uniformly along the presynaptic membrane. Experiments with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) show that recycling of synaptic vesicles occurs in 20 mM K+. This recycling is not accompanied by changes in the number of coated vesicles. Since both exocytosis and endocytosis occur in 20 mM K+, it is difficult to account for this unique distribution. However, we suggest that K+ causes dimples or protuberances to appear between the active zones because it activates latent sites of exocytosis specified by small numbers of large intramembrane particles located between active zones. The activation of latent release sites may be related to the complex effects that K+ has on the quantal release of neurotransmitter.
Action-related properties of objects shape object representations in the ventral stream

Summary The principles driving the organization of the ventral object-processing stream remain unknown. Here we show that stimulus-specific repetition suppression (RS) in one region of the ventral stream is biased according to motor-relevant properties of objects. Quantitative analysis confirmed that this result was not confounded with similarity in visual shape. A similar pattern of biases in RS according to motor-relevant properties of objects was observed in dorsal stream regions in the left hemisphere. These findings suggest that neural specificity for ‘tools’ in the ventral stream is driven by similarity metrics computed over motor-relevant information represented in dorsal structures. Support for this view is provided by converging results from functional connectivity analyses of the fMRI data and a separate neuropsychological study. More generally, these data suggest that a basic organizing principle giving rise to ‘category-specificity’ in the ventral stream may involve similarity metrics computed over information represented elsewhere in the brain.
Current Trends of the Incidence and Pathological Diagnosis of Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors (GEP-NETs) in Korea 2000-2009: Multicenter Study

Purpose As a result of various independently proposed nomenclatures and classifications, there is confusion in the diagnosis and prediction of biological behavior of gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs). A comprehensive nationwide study is needed in order to understand the biological characteristics of GEP-NETs in Korea. Materials and Methods We collected 4,951 pathology reports from 29 hospitals in Korea between 2000 and 2009. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to determine the prognostic significance of clinicopathological parameters. Results Although the GEP-NET is a relatively rare tumor in Korea, its incidence has increased during the last decade, with the most significant increase found in the rectum. The 10-year survival rate for well-differentiated endocrine tumor was 92.89%, in contrast to 85.74% in well differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma and 34.59% in poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma. Disease related death was most common in the biliary tract (62.2%) and very rare in the rectum (5.2%). In Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, tumor location, histological classification, extent, size, mitosis, Ki-67 labeling index, synaptophysin expression, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, and lymph node metastasis showed prognostic significance (p<0.05), however, chromogranin expression did not (p=0.148). The 2000 and 2010 World Health Organization (WHO) classification proposals were useful for prediction of the prognosis of GEP-NET. Conclusion The incidence of GEP-NET in Korea has shown a remarkable increase during the last decade, however, the distribution of tumors in the digestive system differs from that of western reports. Assessment of pathological parameters, including immunostaining, is crucial in understanding biological behavior of the tumor as well as predicting prognosis of patients with GEP-NET.
Prospective First-Generation College Racial Minority Students: Mediating Factors that Facilitate Positive Educational Characteristics for College Admission

Prospective First-Generation College Racial Minority Students: Mediating Factors that Facilitate Positive Educational Characteristics for College Admission Lisa Michiko Parkinson Department of Educational Leadership & Foundations, BYU Doctor of Philosophy First-generation college (FGC) students represent a small portion of the population of students on college campuses across the nation. Racial minority students are also highly underrepresented at four-year institutions. When one combines FGC students who are also racial minorities, they comprise an even smaller subgroup of students attending four-year college campuses. Research conducted to evaluate how FGC students perform their first year in college is prevalent. Additionally, research has been completed on factors that help predict a high school student’s admission into and performance in college. However, very little research exists about factors identified in high school that may help strengthen a prospective FGC, racial minority, and high school student’s admission into college. This study will utilize the RELATE questionnaire to evaluate individual characteristics or circumstances identified in prospective first-generation college racial minority students that may be potentially mediated for by high school counselors or college administrators to help strengthen college or university admission. Counselors or advisors could have an impact on improving the likelihood of college or university admission for this population by facilitating the process of coming to terms with family stressors and/or strengthening their flexibility or adaptability to new or different environments, learning, and people. Since the RELATE database does not include direct data regarding college admission, positive student educational characteristics such as sociability, calmness, organization, maturity, and happiness will be utilized to represent potential stronger preparation for admission into college. RELATE is a questionnaire designed for individuals in a committed relationship and provides important information regarding the individual, the partner, and the relationship. Research with the RELATE questionnaire data is generally utilized in family and social science domains. This study is unique since it accesses the individual instead of couple data for positive educational characteristics and research. This comparative study between prospective firstgeneration college White students and prospective first-generation college racial minority students is designed to assist educators in secondary and higher educational levels to better prepare prospective FGC students, particularly prospective FGC racial minority students, for college admission. Also, this study will distinguish between various characteristics that may assist college recruiters identify prospective FGC students who may be a strong fit for their institutions.
Formation of Cool Cores in Galaxy Clusters via Hierarchical Mergers

We present a new scenario for the formation of cool cores in rich galaxy clusters, based on results from recent high spatial dynamic range, adaptive mesh Eulerian hydrodynamic simulations of large-scale structure formation. We find that cores of cool gas, material that would be identified as a classical cooling flow on the basis of its X-ray luminosity excess and temperature profile, are built from the accretion of discrete stable subclusters. Any "cooling flow" present is overwhelmed by the velocity field within the cluster; the bulk flow of gas through the cluster typically has speeds up to about 2000 km s-1, and significant rotation is frequently present in the cluster core. The inclusion of consistent initial cosmological conditions for the cluster within its surrounding supercluster environment is crucial when the evolution of cool cores in rich galaxy clusters is simulated. This new model for the hierarchical assembly of cool gas naturally explains the high frequency of cool cores in rich galaxy clusters, despite the fact that a majority of these clusters show evidence of substructure that is believed to arise from recent merger activity. Furthermore, our simulations generate complex cluster cores in concordance with recent X-ray observations of cool fronts, cool "bullets," and filaments in a number of galaxy clusters. Our simulations were computed with a coupled N-body, Eulerian, adaptive mesh refinement, hydrodynamics cosmology code that properly treats the effects of shocks and radiative cooling by the gas. We employ up to seven levels of refinement to attain a peak resolution of 15.6 kpc within a volume 256 Mpc on a side and assume a standard ΛCDM cosmology.
Dendritic Cell–Based Immunotherapy: State of the Art and Beyond

Dendritic cell (DC) vaccination in cancer patients aims to induce or augment an effective antitumor immune response against tumor antigens and was first explored in a clinical trial in the 1990s. More than two decades later, numerous clinical trials have been performed or are ongoing with a wide variety of DC subsets, culture protocols, and treatment regimens. The safety of DC vaccination and its ability to induce antitumor responses have clearly been established; however, although scattered patients with long-term benefit were reported, DC vaccines have not yet fulfilled their promise, perhaps mainly due to the lack of large-scale well-conducted phase II/III trials. To allow meaningful multicenter phase III trials, the production of DC vaccines should be standardized between centers which is now becoming feasible. To improve the efficacy of DC-based immunotherapy, it could be combined with other treatments. Clin Cancer Res; 22(8); 1897–906. ©2016 AACR. See all articles in this CCR Focus section, “Opportunities and Challenges in Cancer Immunotherapy. ”
RISQUES TOXIQUES DANS LES PAYS À INFRASTRUCTURES DÉFICITAIRES

L'exposition a des toxiques chimiques est un fait courant partage par les habitants de tous les pays du monde. Lorsque les infrastructures sont deficitaires (pays en voie de developpement economique, guerres, corruption et organisations criminelles), la probabilite de survenue de ces expositions est majoree et leurs consequences sanitaires et environnementales peuvent etre majeures, immediatement ou pour les generations futures. Outre les risques naturels qui ne sauraient etre negliges, les risques d'intoxication sont generalement lies a des accidents industriels, des pollutions de l'environnement resultant d'activites humaines mal controlees ou a la contrebande de dechets toxiques. Les differents exemples developpes, en zone tropicale et dans les pays fortement industrialises, demontrent que les problemes sont communs. La prise en compte de ces risques impose la mise a disposition de moyens financiers considerables et des infrastructures particulierement developpees. Deja difficile pour les pays industrialises, elle est pratiquement impossible dans les pays en voie de developpement. Face a la diversite des risques chimiques, seule une approche globale d'education sanitaire et d'amelioration de la prise en charge permettraient de reduire les consequences sanitaires de ces expositions. Pour nos troupes en operation dans ces pays, l'analyse et la gestion des risques doit egalement etre entreprise.
Cognitive Aging and the Capacity to Manage Money

While Americans often worry about not having enough money in retirement, they seldom worry about their capacity to manage that money.1 At first glance, this lack of concern appears justified because many financial activities are so routine – like paying the monthly bills on time. Such activities draw on “crystallized” intelligence, which is accumulated knowledge that increases with age. But normal cognitive aging can lead to financial mistakes because people lose much of their “fluid” intelligence – the capacity to process new information – by the time they reach their 70s or 80s. And a minority develop a cognitive impairment that severely erodes financial capacity. This brief, the third in a series of three, reviews the literature to assess how cognitive aging affects the capacity to manage money during ages 70-90. The first brief provided a primer on cognitive aging, and the second brief assessed its effects on the ability to work during ages 50-70. The discussion proceeds as follows. The first section explains how cognitive aging could potentially affect the ability to manage personal finances. The second section examines the impact of normal cognitive aging on financial capacity. The third section explores the effects of cognitive impairment on financial capacity. The final section concludes that: 1) most people who experience normal cognitive aging can continue managing their money in their 70s and 80s, but some, especially financial novices who take over money management after the death of a spouse, will need help; 2) most people with a cognitive impairment will need help managing their money to prevent fraud or abuse; and 3) providing this assistance effectively will require overcoming several obstacles.
The politics of memory and commemoration: the flag debate and perspectives of Vietnamese diaspora intellectuals in North America

ABSTRACT This paper aims to complicate elements proposed in Cohen’s typology of diaspora, which assumes that all diasporic communities speak with one voice with regard to defining moments in their history, as well as the fate of their people going forward. Focusing on the collective identity embodied by the flag, this paper demonstrates the extent to which this collective representation can create both unity and disunity. A symbol which is powerful also has the potential to polarize. My research examines the role of intellectuals in articulating group identity, and the tension they experience as they attempt to navigate a plurality of roles which are often in conflict with one another. Intellectuals are well aware that in their professional capacities as academics/writers/journalists/artists/community representatives, they are compelled to remain objective on political issues. This demand for objectivity may be at variance with both their personal views and the expectation of their community. Data collected through in-depth interviewing reveal that it is often facile and misleading to posit the existence of homogeneity and unity around politics, memory, and commemoration. As Georg Simmel reminded us, conflict is ubiquitous, and may in fact be generative rather than destructive.
Assessing the Relationship Between Mental Health Symptoms and Alcohol Consequences in College Drinkers

ABSTRACT College drinking is a public health dilemma affecting the nation’s institutions of higher education. This article assesses the relationship between mental health symptoms and alcohol consequences experienced by college drinkers. It is a secondary data analysis of the American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment (ACHA-NCHA II) Spring 2011 Executive Summary Data Set. The ACHA-NCHA II is a nationally recognized survey that supports colleges and universities in the data collection of their students’ mental, physical, and sexual health habits, behaviors, and perceptions of the campus wellness. A linear regression analysis test was used to test the relationship between the number of mental health symptoms and alcohol consequences. This article assesses whether male college students have more mental health symptoms when they experience alcohol consequences when compared to female college students. This study found female college students experience more mental health problem symptoms associated with alcohol consequences.
Factors that support Indigenous involvement in multi-actor environmental stewardship

Regional, multi-actor environmental collaborations bring together diverse parties to achieve environmental protection and stewardship outcomes. Involving a range of participants helps involve alternative forms of knowledge, expertise, and perspectives; it may also present greater challenges in reaching agreements, particularly when both Indigenous and non-Indigenous parties are involved. The authors conduct a cross-case study of 39 regional partnerships involving Indigenous nations from the Great Lakes basin of North America with the aim of determining the factors that enable Indigenous partners to remain engaged in multi-actor collaborations. Six characteristics influenced Indigenous nations’ willingness to remain engaged: respect for Indigenous knowledges, control of knowledge mobilization, intergenerational involvement, self-determination, continuous cross-cultural education, and early involvement. Being attentive of these factors can help partnerships achieve their environmental goals by keeping important partners at the table.
Combination of an anti-EGFRvIII antibody CH12 with Rapamycin synergistically inhibits the growth of EGFRvIII+PTEN− glioblastoma in vivo

There are still unmet medical needs for the treatment of glioblastoma (GBM), the most frequent and aggressive brain tumor worldwide. EGFRvIII, overexpressed in approximately 30% of GBM, has been regarded as a potential therapeutic target. In this study, we demonstrated that CH12, an anti-EGFRvIII monoclonal antibody, could significantly suppress the growth of EGFRvIII+ GBM in vivo; however, PTEN deficiency in GBM reduced the efficacy of CH12 by attenuating its effect on PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. To overcome this problem, CH12 was combined with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin, leading to a synergistic inhibitory effect on EGFRvIII+PTEN− GBM in vivo. Mechanistically, the synergistic antitumor effect was achieved via attenuating EGFR and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway more effectively and reversing the STAT5 activation caused by rapamycin treatment. Moreover, the combination therapy suppressed angiogenesis and induced cancer cell apoptosis more efficiently. Together, these results indicated that CH12 and rapamycin could synergistically suppress the growth of EGFRvIII+PTEN− GBM, which might have a potential clinical application in the future.
The role of intrinsic in-flight cues in relationship quality and behavioural intentions: segmentation in less mindful and mindful passengers

ABSTRACT The current study quantifies the relationship between intrinsic in-flight cues, passenger satisfaction, affective commitment, trust, and behavioural intentions in passengers travelling in low-cost carriers and legacy airlines. As far as we know, this is the first attempt to employ a multi-group analysis to test (1) if passengers in low-cost carriers and legacy airlines, and also (2) if the group of mindful passengers and the group of less mindful ones, have significantly different perceptions about flights in Europe. A total of 304 cases of legacy airlines and low-cost carriers were used in data analysis. Overall, affective commitment and trust are mainly triggered by in-flight ambience and space/function. Satisfaction and affective commitment play a more important role in behavioural intentions. As expected, the findings do not reveal significant differences associated with the paths between low-cost carriers and legacy airlines in short-haul flights in Europe. Nevertheless, compared with less mindful passengers, mindful ones tend to be more critical about in-flight attributes and do not easily develop a committed relationship.