Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The underluminous Type Ia supernova 2005bl and the class of objects similar to SN 1991bg

Optical observations of the Type Ia supernova (SN Ia) 2005bl in NGC 4070, obtained from 6 to +66d with respect to the B-band maximum, are presented. The photometric evolution is characterised by rapidly-declining light curves (�m15(B)true = 1.93) and red colours at peak and soon thereafter. With MB,max = 17.24 the SN is an underluminous SN Ia, similar to the peculiar SNe 1991bg and 1999by. This similarity also holds for the spectroscopic appearance, the only remarkable difference being the likely presence of carbon in pre-maximum spectra of SN 2005bl. A comparison study among underluminous SNe Ia is performed, based on a number of spectrophotometric parameters. Previously reported correlations of the light-curve decline rate with peak luminosity and R(Si) are confirmed, and a large range of post-maximum Si ii �6355 velocity gradients is encountered. 1D synthetic spectra for SN 2005bl are presented, which confirm the presence of carbon and suggest an overall low burning efficiency with a significant amount of leftover unburned material. Also, the Fe content in pre-maximum spectra is very low, which may point to a low metallicity of the precursor. Implications for possible progenitor scenarios of underluminous SNe Ia are briefly discussed.
COMPETITION FOR HUMMINGBIRD POLLINATION SHAPES FLOWER COLOR VARIATION IN ANDEAN SOLANACEAE

One classic explanation for the remarkable diversity of flower colors across angiosperms involves evolutionary shifts among different types of pollinators with different color preferences. However, the pollinator shift model fails to account for the many examples of color variation within clades that share the same pollination system. An alternate explanation is the competition model, which suggests that color divergence evolves in response to interspecific competition for pollinators, as a means to decrease interspecific pollinator movements. This model predicts color overdispersion within communities relative to null assemblages. Here, we combine morphometric analyses, field surveys, and models of pollinator vision with a species‐level phylogeny to test the competition model in the primarily hummingbird‐pollinated clade Iochrominae (Solanaceae). Results show that flower color as perceived by pollinators is significantly overdispersed within sites. This pattern is not simply due to phylogenetic history: phylogenetic community structure does not deviate from random expectations, and flower color lacks phylogenetic signal. Moreover, taxa that occur in sympatry occupy a significantly larger volume of color space than those in allopatry, supporting the hypothesis that competition in sympatry drove the evolution of novel colors. We suggest that competition among close relatives may commonly underlie floral divergence, especially in species‐rich habitats where congeners frequently co‐occur.
Tobacco Regulation Through Litigation: The Master Settlement Agreement

The 1998 Master Settlement Agreement resolved the unprecedented litigation in which the states sought to recoup the cigarette-related Medicaid costs. The litigation was settled through a combination of negotiated regulatory requirements and financial payments of about $250 billion over 25 years. Settlement payments received by states are strongly related to smoking-related medical costs but are also related to political factors. The payments largely took the form of an excise tax equivalent, raising potential antitrust concerns. The regulatory restrictions imposed by the agreement also raised antitrust concerns. However, there has been no evident shift in industry concentration. The increase in advertising and marketing expenses has largely taken the form of price discounts. The settlement sidestepped the usual procedures pertaining to the imposition of taxes and the promulgation of new regulations.
Multiple Supernumerary Teeth not Associated with Complex Syndromes: a Case Report

Adresa za dopisivanje Vildana Džemidžic Sveuciliste u Sarajevu Stomatoloski fakultet Zavod za ortodonciju Bolnicka 4a, 71 000 Sarajevo, BiH vdzemidzic@hotmail.com Sažetak Prekobrojni zubi vrlo su rijedak nalaz cesto povezan s rascjepom usne i nepca ili sindromima poput Gardnerova te s kleidokranijalnom displazijom. U literaturi su opisani neki slucajevi. U ovom je radu predstavljena izolirana pojava visestrukih prekobrojnih zuba u objema celjustima kod jedne pacijentice i njezina brata. Lijecnici su analizirali klinicke manifestacije te promjene i ucinke nastale zbog prekobrojnih zuba. Predložili su i mogucu terapiju te slucaj usporedili sa slicnim nalazima drugih autora.
On the Relationship between the Indirectly Measured Attitude Towards Beer and Beer Consumption: The Role of Attitude Accessibility

Although some studies have demonstrated that the indirectly measured attitude towards alcohol is related to alcohol use, this relationship has not always been confirmed. In the current study, we attempted to shed light on this issue by investigating whether the predictive validity of an indirect attitude measure is dependent upon attitude accessibility. In a sample of 88 students, the picture-picture naming task, an adaptation of the affective priming paradigm, was used to measure the automatically activated attitude towards beer. Attitude accessibility was measured using a speeded evaluative categorization task. Behavioral measures were the amount of beer poured and drunk during a bogus taste test and the choice between a bottle of beer or water at the end of the experiment. In line with our hypothesis, the indirectly measured attitude towards beer predicted behavior during the taste test only when it was highly accessible. In contrast, this attitude was related to choice behavior irrespective of attitude accessibility. This study confirms that indirect attitude measures can be valuable predictors of alcohol-related behavior, but that it is sometimes necessary to take attitude accessibility into account.
Positive action measures across different equality grounds, organisations and sectors in European and Non-European countries.

: This article is based on a large-scale European Commission project on international perspectives on positive action measures. The paper presents an analysis of the perceptions of positive action held by respondents from all the countries participating in an international survey, focussing specifically upon differences across equality grounds, sector and organisation type. This paper will also provide examples of positive action being applied in European and non-European countries that participated in the study. The study adopted extensive literate and online survey to obtain data from designers of positive action. Findings are discussed, conclusions drawn and wide-ranging recommendations are made at the European Commission, individual countries and organisational levels
Extended Citation:

Extended Citation: Professor Steven Prawer is Australia’s foremost authority on the Physics of diamond and related materials and has brought Australian physics to the forefront in their study and application. For the past two decades he has established a record of innovation and leadership in the field through successful research programs, the creation of world-class infrastructure at the University of Melbourne, authorship of authoritative book chapters and review articles and over 170 articles in internationally refereed journals which have received over 2400 citations. He has shown great leadership as the inaugural director of the Melbourne node of the special research centre for Quantum Computer Technology (now an ARC Centre of Excellence) and as director of the Melbourne Node of the NANO (Nanostructural Analysis Network Organization) MNRF.
COMBINING SPEECH AND EARCONS TO ASSIST MENU NAVIGATION

Previous research on non-speech audio interfaces has demonstrated that they can enhance performance on menu navigation tasks. Most of this work has focused on tasks in which the menu is not spoken and visual representation of the menu is accessible throughout the task. In this paper we explore the potential benefits that earcons, a type of structured sound, might bring to spoken menu systems for which a visual representation is not available. Evaluation of two spoken menu systems that differ only in whether they also employ earcons, indicates that the use of earcons improves task performance by reducing the number of keystrokes required, while also increasing the time spent for each task.
Pacifying Monogamy: The Mystery Revisited ∗

It may thus serve a ruler’s reproductive interests to be subject to an institution which limits the number of wives he (or anyone who successfully ousts him) can take. Moreover, our model suggests how such marriage norms can arise endogenously in the course of economic development, as an optimal response to rising population levels.
Orphan nuclear receptor TR2, a mediator of preadipocyte proliferation, is differentially regulated by RA through exchange of coactivator PCAF with corepressor RIP140 on a platform molecule GRIP1

Orphan nuclear receptor TR2 is a preadipocyte proliferator. Knockdown of TR2 in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes reduced their proliferation efficiency, whereas specific elevation of TR2 in these cells facilitated their proliferation. All-trans retinoic acid (RA) stimulates cellular proliferation in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes by activating TR2 through an IR0-type RA response element, which further activates c-Myc expression. In post-differentiated adipocytes, RA becomes a repressive signal for TR2 and rapidly down-regulates its expression. The biphasic effect of RA on TR2 expression in 3T3-L1 is mediated by differential RA-dependent coregulator recruitment to the receptor/Glucocorticoid Receptor-Interacting Protein 1 (GRIP1) complex that binds IR0 on the TR2 promoter. RA induces the recruitment of histone acetyl transferase-containing/GRIP1/p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) complex to the TR2 promoter in undifferentiated cells, whereas it triggers recruitment of histone deacetylase-containing/GRIP1/receptor-interacting protein 140 (RIP140) complex in differentiated cells. GRIP1 directly interacts with RIP140 through its carboxyl terminal AD2 domain. GRIP1 interacts with PCAF and RIP140 directly and differentially, functioning as a platform molecule to mediate differential RA-induced coregulator recruitment to TR2 promoter target. This results in a biphasic effect of RA on the expression of TR2 in undifferentiated and differentiated cells, which is required for RA-stimulated preadipocyte proliferation.
From plans to actions in patient and public involvement: qualitative study of documented plans and the accounts of researchers and patients sampled from a cohort of clinical trials

Patient and public involvement (PPI) in research is increasingly required, although evidence to inform its implementation is limited. Objective Inform the evidence base by describing how plans for PPI were implemented within clinical trials and identifying the challenges and lessons learnt by research teams. Methods We compared PPI plans extracted from clinical trial grant applications (funded by the National Institute for Health Research Health Technology Assessment Programme between 2006 and 2010) with researchers’ and PPI contributors’ interview accounts of PPI implementation. Analysis of PPI plans and transcribed qualitative interviews drew on the Framework technique. Results Of 28 trials, 25 documented plans for PPI in funding applications and half described implementing PPI before applying for funding. Plans varied from minimal to extensive, although almost all anticipated multiple modes of PPI. Interview accounts indicated that PPI plans had been fully implemented in 20/25 trials and even expanded in some. Nevertheless, some researchers described PPI within their trials as tokenistic. Researchers and contributors noted that late or minimal PPI engagement diminished its value. Both groups perceived uncertainty about roles in relation to PPI, and noted contributors’ lack of confidence and difficulties attending meetings. PPI contributors experienced problems in interacting with researchers and understanding technical language. Researchers reported difficulties finding ‘the right’ PPI contributors, and advised caution when involving investigators’ current patients. Conclusions Engaging PPI contributors early and ensuring ongoing clarity about their activities, roles and goals, is crucial to PPI's success. Funders, reviewers and regulators should recognise the value of preapplication PPI and allocate further resources to it. They should also consider whether PPI plans in grant applications match a trial's distinct needs. Monitoring and reporting PPI before, during and after trials will help the research community to optimise PPI, although the need for ongoing flexibility in implementing PPI should also be recognised.
Institutional Preconditions Influencing Banks Adopting Software-as-a-Service and Mobilizing for Servitization

Studies on change within an institution or to drive a new one where cooperation from a numerous dispersed actors is required are lacking. This study explores mobilization as describing a firm’s activities to motivate others to join their vision to shape a new market. The institutional settings firms previously adhered to prior to mobilizing into the new market, or institutional preconditions, could influence mobilization activities and thus need to be considered as well. Whether, and if so and how, firms mobilize and the role institutional preconditions play are addressed for the case of banks adopting a software-as-a-service (SaaS) model. Exploratory qualitative methods are used and SaaS adoption factors for the banking industry are explored. Results are discussed and future research suggestions are offered.
Contrasting effect of alpha/beta- and gamma-interferons on expression of macrophage Ia antigens

IFN-gamma is known to induce the expression of Ia antigens on macrophages. We found that murine IFN-alpha and -beta blocked the effects of IFN-gamma in a dose-dependent manner. The antagonistic effect of IFN-alpha and -beta was observed even when macrophages were prestimulated with IFN-gamma. These inhibitory effects of IFN-alpha or - beta were blocked by their respective antibodies. The block exerted by IFN-alpha/beta was similar whether Ia levels were monitored by immunofluorescence with anti-Ia mAb, or by stimulation of freshly sensitized, alloreactive T lymphoblasts. Adherent macrophage-rich populations from newborn mice were incapable of expressing Ia antigens following stimulation with IFN-gamma, and would inhibit the response of adult macrophages to this lymphokine. Addition of anti-IFN-beta mAb, but not anti-IFN-alpha allowed newborns' macrophages to express Ia in response to IFN-gamma, and ablated the suppressive activity toward adult cells. These results indicate that IFN-alpha and -beta, which can be produced in the course of self-defense responses and during ontogeny, may contribute to the down-regulation of macrophage Ia expression.
Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce Receptiveness of Mobile Banking by Malaysian Local Customers in Sabah: an Empirical Investigation

Rostinah Supinah is currently a lecturer/researcher at the Labuan School of International Business and Finance, Universiti Malaysia Sabah. Her areas of interest are credit card, Internet banking and Islamic finance. Masmurniwati Mohd Aris is currently a lecturer/researcher at the School of Business and Economics, Universiti Malaysia Sabah. Her areas of interest are Internet banking and Islamic finance. Ricardo Baba is currently an Associate Professor at the Faculty of Economics and Business, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak. His research interests are in international banking and finance, Islamic finance, entrepreneurship, and strategic management. Abstract The aim of this study is to investigate the factors that determine the local people of Sabah (also known as Sabahan) bank customers' intention to use mobile banking. This study extends the applicability of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) to mobile banking and includes " perceived credibility " , " perceived enjoyment " and " perceived self-efficacy " , in addition to " perceived usefulness " and " perceived ease of use ". The results indicate that perceived credibility, perceived enjoyment and perceived self-efficacy are important determinants to predicting the intentions of Malaysia's customers' to use mobile banking. However, perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use are not that of importance in predicting the intentions of the local customers to use mobile banking. The study contains a sample of local people of Sabah, in Eastern-Malaysia, and a limited number of measures in the model. Nonetheless, it provides new insight into factors affecting mobile banking use among local people in Sabah, a Malaysia's state. The results also provide general guidelines to banking institutions to better planning of mobile banking services as their future gadget of banking channel.
Exploiting road traffic data for Very short term load forecasting in Smart Grids

If accurate short term prediction of electricity consumption is available, the Smart Grid infrastructure can rapidly and reliably react to changing conditions. The economic importance of accurate predictions justifies research for more complex forecasting algorithms. This paper proposes road traffic data as a new input dimension that can help improve very short term load forecasting. We explore the dependencies between power demand and road traffic data and evaluate the predictive power of the added dimension compared with other common features, such as historical load and temperature profiles.
Drivers and Performance Outcomes of Innovativeness: An Empirical Study

The issue of innovativeness within organizations has attracted considerable attention in the literature. However, limited knowledge exists about the drivers of and their simultaneous effects on innovativeness and the role of innovativeness in enhancing performance. We adopt the resource-based view (RBV) of the firm and insights from the literature on capabilities to investigate specific capability types serving as antecedents to innovativeness and to examine its performance outcomes. From a sample of 218 Greek manufacturers, the results indicate that managerial, entrepreneurial and technical capabilities facilitate the establishment of innovativeness, which in turn enhances business performance. The study lends support to prior research that highlights the importance of innovativeness in enhancing organizational performance and sharpens understanding of the drivers of innovativeness and the way they collectively operate through innovativeness to boost performance. The study further provides new insights into the role of innovativeness from the perspective of the RBV, while highlighting certain firm capabilities that might both enable and impede competitive advantage and superior performance creation. As such, this study contributes to the effective management of the innovativeness process within organizations.
Effect of Post-Infiltration Soil Aeration at Different Growth Stages on Growth and Fruit Quality of Drip-Irrigated Potted Tomato Plants (Solanum lycopersicum)

Soil hydraulic principles suggest that post-infiltration hypoxic conditions would be induced in the plant root-zone for drip-irrigated tomato production in small pots filled with natural soil. No previous study specifically examined the response of tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum) at different growth stages to low soil aeration under these conditions. A 2 × 6 factorial experiment was conducted to quantify effects of no post-infiltration soil aeration versus aeration during 5 different periods (namely 27–33, 34–57, 58–85, 86–99, and 27–99 days after sowing), on growth and fruit quality of potted single tomato plants that were sub-surface trickle-irrigated every 2 days at 2 levels. Soil was aerated by injecting 2.5 liters of air into each pot through the drip tubing immediately after irrigation. Results showed that post-infiltration aeration, especially during the fruit setting (34–57 DAS) and enlargement (58–85 DAS) growth stages, can positively influence the yield, root dry weight and activity, and the nutritional (soluble solids and vitamin C content), taste (titratable acidity), and market quality (shape and firmness) of the tomato fruits. Interactions between irrigation level and post-infiltration aeration on some of these fruit quality parameters indicated a need for further study on the dynamic interplay of air and water in the root zone of the plants under the conditions of this experiment.
Regressive Oil Price Expectations Toward More Fundamental Values of the Oil Price

Summary We use oil price forecasts from the Consensus Economic Forecast poll for the time period Oct. 1989 - Dec. 2008 to analyze how forecasters form their expectations. Our findings indicate that the extrapolative as well as the regressive expectation formation hypothesis play a role. Standard measures of forecast accuracy reveal forecasters’ under performance relative to the random walk benchmark. We test the hypothesis of rational expectations by relying on the criteria of unbiasedness and orthogonality. Although both conditions are met, the forecast accuracy is significantly lower compared to naïve random walk forecast. The forecasters have problems to forecast the trends in the oil price. The recent roller-coaster movements in the international oil market have revealed forecasters’ inability to predict major trends in the spot oil price. As a consequence, some research institutes have stopped forecasting the oil price as an ingredient of their macroeconomic models and use a random walk forecast instead.
Integration and the Context of Law: Why the European Court of Justice is not a Political Actor

What characterizes the EU today is that it is not only a multi-level governance system, but also a multi-context system. The making of Europe does not just take place on different levels within the European political framework, executed and fostered by different groups of actors or institutions. Rather, it also happens in different and distinguishable social contexts – distinct functional, historical, and local frameworks of reasoning and action – that political science alone cannot sufficiently analyze with conventional and generalizing models of explanation. The European law is such a context and it should be perceived as a self-contained sphere governed by a specific logic and rationality that constitute a self-generating impetus for integration. As a consequence, Europe’s legal sphere and the processes happening within its boundaries have to be carefully distinguished from politics. Following this line of argument, it will be shown that the perception of the European Court of Justice as an actor engaging in judicial politics or politically motivated expansionist lawmaking has to be rethought. Only by examining and analyzing the context of European law as an independent space of reasoning and action may the role of Europe’s high court in the process of integration be adequately captured.
Collateral Scarcity , Inflation , and the Policy Trap : A New Monetarist Perspective

We construct a model that captures New Monetarist ideas in order to explain post-Great Recession observations on inflation, nominal interest rates, and real interest rates. When finance constraints bind, the model can deliver low real interest rates and positive rates of inflation at the zero lower bound. Optimal monetary policy in the face of a financial crisis shock implies a positive nominal interest rate. The model reveals some novel perils of Taylor rules.