Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimal control of distributed generators and capacitors by hybrid DPSO

In this paper, a comprehensive planning methodology is proposed that can minimize the line loss, maximize the reliability and improve the voltage profile in a distribution network. The injected active and reactive power of Distributed Generators (DG) and the installed capacitor sizes at different buses and for different load levels are optimally controlled. The tap setting of HV/MV transformer along with the line and transformer upgrading is also included in the objective function. A hybrid optimization method, called Hybrid Discrete Particle Swarm Optimization (HDPSO), is introduced to solve this nonlinear and discrete optimization problem. The proposed HDPSO approach is a developed version of DPSO in which the diversity of the optimizing variables is increased using the genetic algorithm operators to avoid trapping in local minima. The objective function is composed of the investment cost of DGs, capacitors, distribution lines and HV/MV transformer, the line loss, and the reliability. All of these elements are converted into genuine dollars. Given this, a single-objective optimization method is sufficient. The bus voltage and the line current as constraints are satisfied during the optimization procedure. The IEEE 18-bus test system is modified and employed to evaluate the proposed algorithm. The results illustrate the unavoidable need for optimal control on the DG active and reactive power and capacitors in distribution networks.
Renal ultrastructure and excretion of salt and water by three terrestrial lizards.

ROBERTS, JOHN S. , AND BODIL SCHMIDT-NIELSEN. Renal ultrastructure and excretion of salt and water by three terrestrial lizards. Am. J. Physiol. 2 I I (1) : 476-486. I g66. -Determinations of sodium, chloride, inulin, and osmolal concentrations were made on blood and urine collected from dehydrated, waterloaded, and salt-loaded geckos, horned toads, and Galapagos lizards. Electron micrographs were made of proximal and distal tubular cells of these animals. Kidneys of horned toads and Galapagos lizards produced only isoosmotic urine (osmolal urine-to-plasma ratio = 0.9-I .o) and reabsorbed 55 y0 of the glomerular filtrate, while geckos produced dilute urine (osmolal U/P ratio = 0.6-0.8) and reabsorbed 75 7” of the filtrate. Electron micrographs proved that basal plasma membranes of proximal and distal tubular cells of horned toads and Galapagos lizards are not infolded and that the mitochondrial population is small in these cells. In geckos, the cells resembled mammalian kidney cells in having infolded basal membranes and a large population of elongated mitochondria. Infolded plasma membranes associated with mitochondria may therefore be responsible for the ability of relatively water-impermeable distal tubules to create osmotic gradients and for the capacity of water-permeable proximal tubules for transferring large amounts of salt and water.
A Neural Model for Language Identification in Code-Switched Tweets

Language identification systems suffer when working with short texts or in domains with unconventional spelling, such as Twitter or other social media. These challenges are explored in a shared task for Language Identification in Code-Switched Data (LICS 2016). We apply a hierarchical neural model to this task, learning character and contextualized word-level representations to make word-level language predictions. This approach performs well on both the 2014 and 2016 versions of the shared task.
Self-reported hypoglycaemia in patients with type 2 diabetes treated with insulin in the Hoorn Diabetes Care System Cohort, the Netherlands: a prospective cohort study

Background Our aim was to study the prevalence of self-reported hypoglycaemic sensations and its association with mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) treated with insulin in usual care. Methods Demographics, clinical characteristics and mortality data were obtained from 1667 patients with T2D treated with insulin in the Hoorn Diabetes Care System Cohort (DCS), a prospective cohort study using clinical care data. Self-reported hypoglycaemic sensations were defined as either mild: events not requiring help; or severe: events requiring help from others (either medical assistance or assistance of others). The association between hypoglycaemic sensations and mortality was analysed using logistic regression analysis. Results At baseline, 981 patients (59%) reported no hypoglycaemic sensations in the past year, 612 (37%) reported only mild sensations and 74 (4%) reported severe hypoglycaemic sensations. During a median follow-up of 1.9 years, 98 patients (5.9%) died. Reporting only mild hypoglycaemic sensations was associated with a lower mortality risk (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.28 to 0.80), while reporting severe sensations was not significantly associated with mortality (OR 0.76, 95% CI 0.33 to 1.80), compared with reporting no hypoglycaemic sensations, and adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics. Sensitivity analyses showed an OR of 1.38 (95% CI 0.31 to 6.11) for patients reporting severe hypoglycaemic sensations requiring medical assistance. Conclusions Self-reported hypoglycaemic sensations are highly prevalent in our insulin-treated T2D population. Patients reporting hypoglycaemic sensations not requiring medical assistance did not have an increased risk of mortality, suggesting that these sensations are not an indicator of increased short-term mortality risk in patients with T2D.
An improved familiarity measurement for formalization of trust in e-commerce based multiagent systems

Familiarity between agents is often considered to be an important factor in determining the level of trust. In electronic marketplaces, trust is modeled, for instance, in order to allow buying agents to make effective selection of selling agents. In previous research, familiarity between two agents has been simply assumed to be the similarity between them, which is fixed for the two agents. We propose an improved familiarity measurement based on the exploration of factors that affect a human's feelings of familiarity and the mapping from those factors to the properties of agent societies. We examine the trust model in the context of a multiagent system within an e-commerce framework. We also carry out experiments to compare the stability of the system using the trust model with the improved familiarity measurement and that with the fixed familiarity values. Experimental results show that the stability of the system is increased by 33.47% through the improved familiarity measurement.
GronUP: Groningen User Profiling

We train an SVM linear model on tweets to perform user profiling, in terms of gender and age, on non-Twitter social media data, whose actual nature is unknown to us at developing time. We choose features that we deem appropriate to profile authors on social media in general, and which do not characterise the specifics of Twitter data too closely. Additionally, we pay specific attention to engineering features that work beyond the actual values observed on training data, and which should thus be better at making predictions on data from a different genre. Our system works on English, Dutch, and Spanish data without any language-specific features or parameter tuning. Results from cross-validation on the training set seem to indicate that all features contribute rather equally to the model’s performance, so all features are included in our final test-time model. Results on test data are lower than what is normally observed for this task — that is, when done in a single-genre setting — but are in fact the state-of-the-art for the cross-genre setting at PAN 2016.
Dominance Through Interviews and Dialogues

The article discusses common conceptions of interviews as dialogues and the extensive application of qualitative research interviews in a consumer society. In the first part, an understanding of research interviews as warm, caring, and empowering dialogues is questioned by highlighting power asymmetries in interview relationships. Agonistic interview techniques, which play on contradictions and power differences, are outlined. The second part of the article points to the prevalence of dialogues as exercises of power in politics, management, and education. The third part outlines the interview production of knowledge for consumption in a postmodern society. The article concludes that recognition of power dynamics by the social construction of knowledge in interviews is necessary to ascertain objectivity and ethicality of interview research.
Mastermind-like 1 (MamL1) and mastermind-like 3 (MamL3) are essential for Notch signaling in vivo

Mastermind (Mam) is one of the elements of Notch signaling, a system that plays a pivotal role in metazoan development. Mam proteins form transcriptionally activating complexes with the intracellular domains of Notch, which are generated in response to the ligand-receptor interaction, and CSL DNA-binding proteins. In mammals, three structurally divergent Mam isoforms (MamL1, MamL2 and MamL3) have been identified. There have also been indications that Mam interacts functionally with various other transcription factors, including the p53 tumor suppressor, β-catenin and NF-κB. We have demonstrated previously that disruption of MamL1 causes partial deficiency of Notch signaling in vivo. However, MamL1-deficient mice did not recapitulate total loss of Notch signaling, suggesting that other members could compensate for the loss or that Notch signaling could proceed in the absence of Mam in certain contexts. Here, we report the generation of lines of mice null for MamL3. Although MamL3-null mice showed no apparent abnormalities, mice null for both MamL1 and MamL3 died during the early organogenic period with classic pan-Notch defects. Furthermore, expression of the lunatic fringe gene, which is strictly controlled by Notch signaling in the posterior presomitic mesoderm, was undetectable in this tissue of the double-null embryos. Neither of the single-null embryos exhibited any of these phenotypes. These various roles of the three Mam proteins could be due to their differential physical characteristics and/or their spatiotemporal distributions. These results indicate that engagement of Mam is essential for Notch signaling, and that the three Mam isoforms have distinct roles in vivo.
Rapid Identification of Candida Species and Other Clinically Important Yeast Species by Flow Cytometry

ABSTRACT Two rapid diagnostic assays, utilizing two different Luminex flow cytometry methods, were developed for identification of clinically important ascomycetous yeast species. Direct hybridization and allele-specific primer extension methods were both successful in establishing a DNA-based assay that can rapidly and accurately identify Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida parapsilosis, Candida glabrata, and Candida tropicalis as well as other clinical species. The direct hybridization assay was designed to identify a total of 19 ascomycetous yeast species, and the allele-specific primer extension assay was designed to identify a total of 34 species. Probes were validated against 438 strains representing 303 species. From culture to identification, the allele-specific primer extension method takes 8 h and the direct hybridization method takes less than 5 h to complete. These assays represent comprehensive, rapid tests that are well suited for the clinical laboratory.
Let it be: expatriate couples' adjustment and the upside of avoiding conflicts

This research examines the moderating effect of conflict avoidance on the relationship between conflict and psychological adjustment among 45 expatriate couples at two points in time. We propose a model based on the actor–partner interdependence model, which assumes both intrapersonal and interpersonal effects, to address simultaneously the effects of one's own and the other's avoidance behavior. We found substantial support for our model, especially for expatriate spouses. As expected, and only for expatriate spouses, avoidance moderated the conflict–adjustment relationship such that both one's own and one's counterpart's avoidance behavior diminished the negative effect of conflicts. Because these effects were observed only at T2 and psychological adjustment decreased from T1 to T2, our research suggests that the impact of expatriation-associated interaction particularly manifests itself in the long run.
Motivation and self‐regulated science learning in high‐achieving students: differences related to nation, gender, and grade‐level

A total of three hundred and fifteen (n = 315) gifted students from the 10th and 12th grade from the United States (n = 102), China (n = 125) and Germany (n = 88) were surveyed regarding their motivation and self‐regulation in chemistry learning. A 3×2×2 MANOVA revealed “nation” as having the largest major effect on these variables. The American group scored higher in most of the motivational and self‐regulatory characteristics than their Chinese and German counterparts. Although in all samples gifted girls reported a higher effort goal orientation, they used superficial cognitive strategies in learning science more frequently than boys. In addition, students' effort goal orientation was less pronounced in higher grades in all samples.
Coding 3D Facial Models for Mugshot Applications

Three-dimensional information about a human face may have some correlation with the colour information present in its flat texture image. In order to maximise the available information for human identification of faces, a variety of coding schemes based on Binary Tree Predictive Coding 5 (BTPC5) are proposed and evaluated against similar schemes applied to the JPEG coder. The results of these schemes are presented quantatively with some discussion of the subjective results.
DERECELİ PUANLAMA ANAHTARININ İLKÖĞRETİM ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN ARAŞTIRMA BECERİSİ VE BİLİŞSEL ALAN DÜZEYİNE ETKİSİ

Bu arastirmanin amaci, dereceli puanlama anahtarinin ilkogretim ogrencilerinin fen ve teknoloji dersi arastirma becerisi ve bilissel basarisi uzerindeki etkisini belirlemektir. Arastirmada “karsilastirmali esitlenmemis grup son-test modeli” ve “esitlenmemis kontrol gruplu model” kullanilmistir. Arastirma, 2010-2011 ogretim yilinda Ankara Ili Cankaya Ilcesindeki bir ilkogretim okulunun 6. , 7. ve 8. siniflarinda ogrenim goren toplam 199 ogrenci ile gerceklestirilmistir. Veri toplama araci olarak dereceli puanlama anahtari ve basari testi gelistirilmistir. Dort haftalik sure zarfinda arastirma yapma etkinligi, deney ve kontrol gruplarina performans gorevi olarak dagitilmistir. Deney grubuna etkinliklerinin degerlendirilmesinde kullanilacak dereceli puanlama anahtari verilmisken, kontrol grubuna verilmemistir. Arastirmada ogrencilerin bilissel alan duzeylerini olcmek amaciyla ontest, sontest uygulanmistir. Deney ve kontrol gruplarinin arastirma etkinlikleri dereceli puanlama anahtari ile degerlendirilmistir. Calisma sonunda dereceli puanlama anahtari kullanan ogrencilerin arastirma becerisi ve bilissel alan duzeylerinin kullanmayanlara gore daha yuksek oldugu belirlenmistir.
Rethinking the racialization of crime: the significance of black firsts

Abstract Racialization of crime represents a significant concept for analysis of the social construction of racial identity, but too much emphasis has been placed on the manufacture and imposition of identities by ‘racializers’. We need to know more about the response to such processes by ‘racialized’ populations. This analysis draws on interviews with twenty-seven African Americans who desegregated the administration of justice in North Carolina, including those who reached the highest positions in city police departments, state law enforcement, the state legislature and prison administration. It explores criminal justice as a site for ‘counter-racialization’ and the connection between racialized populations and discontinuities of race-based power. Analyses of racialization in the criminal justice context should reflect the contest over racial identities and the fact that such identities are not merely labels imposed on people.
Light a candle.

Numerous forces are presently deployed which threaten to produce largescale changes in medical practice and the systems of providing medical care. Some of these changes may be advantageous but others are likely to have deleterious effects on the quality of care, on the physician-patient relationnship and on the physician's freedom to practice as he sees fit. While certain of these pressures cannot be easily diverted, much can be accomplished with a modicum of effort to sway public opinion, the news media, the legislators and the bureaucratic regulation makers. Physicians, both individually and through their societies, must make this effort or suffer the pain of seeing immense decisions made without their leadership or intellectual guidance.
Role of electrocardiography and echocardiography in prevention and predicting outcome of subjects at increased risk of heart failure

Background Asymptomatic left ventricular dysfunction (ALVD) is relatively common in both community and high-risk populations. Early pharmacological intervention can improve clinical outcomes in subjects with this condition. Objectives This multicentre study consists on electrocardiographic and echocardiographic examination of stage A and B heart failure (HF) asymptomatic subjects with one or more cardiovascular risk factors, to assess the prognostic value of cardiovascular risk factors per se, clinical history, and electrocardiographic and echocardiographic parameters in prediction of progression of HF and/or in development of cardiovascular primary or secondary events. Material and methods A total of 2142 asymptomatic subjects (mean age 63 years, 1162 males) performed an electrocardiographic and echocardiographic examination. Electrocardiogram (ECG) pathological signs according to Minnesota code and left ventricular dysfunction both systolic and diastolic by echocardiography were evaluated. There were 2002 subjects who were followed up for 26 ± 11 months, observing their primary and secondary end points. Results At follow up, the study population presented 111 primary end points (5.2%) and 441 secondary end points (20.6%). ECG criteria of LV hypertrophy and signs of ischaemia or previous myocardial infarction (p < 0.0001) were highly significantly related to primary end points. Both ECG and echocardiography (systolic function) are able at Kaplan–Meier cumulative survival curves to predict primary end points (p < 0.0001). Conclusions Presence or absence of left ventricular systolic and /or diastolic dysfunction has an incremental value in comparison to cardiovascular risk factors, clinical history, and ECG findings to predict both the evolution towards a more severe HF stage (stage C) and also the occurrence of cardiovascular events.
IL-10 in Antilipopolysaccharide Immunity Against Systemic Klebsiella Infections

Aim. This study was undertaken in order to determine whether anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 is responsible for a previously described protection against Klebsiella infection mediated by antilipopolysaccharide antibodies. Methods. BALB/c mice were infected intraperitoneally with a lethal challenge of Klebsiella pneumoniae Caroli. One group was protected with monoclonal antibodies prior to infection and the second was not. We measured plasma levels of interleukin-10 at different time points by enzyme immunoassay and analyzed the relation between interleukin-10 and proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α in order to determine the association of these ratios with the outcome of infection. Major findings and conclusions. We found different pattern of interleukin-10 production in protected mice compared with unprotected ones. The difference is greatest 24 hours postinfection. The ratios between IL-10 and proinflammatory cytokines confirmed the suppressed proinflammatory response in protected animals, especially 24 hours postinfection. Hence the mortality in unprotected mice begins immediately after we conclude that such cytokine relation and IL-10 production are, at least partially, responsible for the destiny of infected animals and the outcome of infection.
A longitudinal study of stress and psychological distress in nurses and nursing students.

AIM The aim of this study was to investigate how differences in life events and stress contribute to psychological distress in nurses and nursing students. BACKGROUND Stress is an issue for nursing students and qualified nurses leading to psychological distress and attrition. DESIGN A longitudinal study using four time waves was conducted between 1994-1997. METHODS Measures were taken of stress, life events and psychological distress in addition to a range of demographic data. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, linear modelling and mixed-effects modelling. The study was set in Scotland, UK and used newly qualified nurses and nursing students from four university departments of nursing over four years. The study was initiated with 359 participants (147 nurses and 212 nursing students) and complete data were obtained for 192 participants. RESULTS Stress levels, psychological distress and life events are all associated within time and across time. At baseline, life events and stress contributed significantly to psychological distress. The pattern of psychological distress differed between the nursing students and the newly qualified nurses with a high level in the nurses after qualifying and starting their career. CONCLUSION Stress, individual traits, adverse life events and psychological distress are all interrelated. Future lines of enquiry should focus on the transition between being a nursing student and becoming a nurse. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Stress and psychological distress may have negative outcomes for the retention of nursing students in programmes of study and newly qualified nurses in the nursing workforce.