Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Análisis de la motivación en el atletismo: un estudio con veteranos

In the growing population of Spanish master athletes analyzes its motivation from the perspective of Self-Determination Theory. On the one hand trying to establish relations between itself with the perception of success, the intrinsic satisfaction and perception of the causes of success in sport. Furthermore, analyzing the differences in the intrinsic satisfaction, perception of success and beliefs about the causes of success in sport and the SDI based on several independent variables; sex, age, training habits and athletic history. We obtained high levels of intrinsic motivation (especially women), satisfaction, effort and skill, moderate levels of extrinsic motivation, and very low of amotivation, boredom and use of deception techniques. Also obtained positive and significant relationships between intrinsic motivation with extrinsic, task orientation and ego, fun and effort and significant positive relationships of extrinsic motivation to intrinsic motivation, task orientation and ego, fun, boredom, effort, skill and deception techniques, and amotivation, positive and significant relationships with extrinsic motivation, boredom and techniques of deception and negative fun. Finally, analysis of the independent variables, it is concluded to be female, under 50 years, specializing in speed, jump or shoot, directed by a coach, who trains in the company of other athletes for over two hours by session is the most advisable motivational profile.
COHORT PROFILE Cohort Profile : The Motorik-Modul Longitudinal Study : physical fitness and physical activity as determinants of health development in German children and adolescents

The Motorik-Modul (MoMo) Longitudinal Study aims to contribute to long-term improvement in the health of German children and adolescents by focusing on: (i) the development of physical fitness and physical activity (including period effects); (ii) the individual and physical/social environmental determinants of the development of physical fitness and physical activity; and (iii) the impact of physical fitness and physical activity on the development of physical and mental health. The MoMo Longitudinal Study began with a nationwide representative sample of 4529 children and adolescents who ranged in age from 4–17 years at the study baseline (2003– 2006). The first survey wave of the MoMo Longitudinal Study was conducted between 2009 and 2012, with two subsequent survey waves to be conducted between 2014 and 2016 and 2018 and 2020, respectively. The MoMo Longitudinal Study includes a physical fitness test profile, a physical activity questionnaire, and subjective and objective measures of health from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey (KiGGS). Data access is provided on request (alexander.woll@kit.edu). For further information, including a complete list of publications please visit www. motorik-modul.de.
Defeating Encrypted and Deniable File Systems: TrueCrypt v5.1a and the Case of the Tattling OS and Applications

We examine the security requirements for creating a Deniable File System (DFS), and the efficacy with which the TrueCrypt disk-encryption software meets those requirements. We find that the Windows Vista operating system itself, Microsoft Word, and Google Desktop all compromise the deniability of a TrueCrypt DFS. While staged in the context of TrueCrypt, our research highlights several fundamental challenges to the creation and use of any DFS: even when the file system may be deniable in the pure, mathematical sense, we find that the environment surrounding that file system can undermine its deniability, as well as its contents. We hypothesize some extensions of our discoveries to regular (non-deniable) encrypted file systems. Finally, we suggest approaches for overcoming these challenges on modern operating systems like Windows. We analyzed TrueCrypt version 5.1a (latest available version during the writing of the paper); Truecrypt v6 introduces new features, including the ability to create deniable operating systems, which we have not studied.
Précarité et troubles psychologiques : l'effet médiateur de la perspective temporelle

L’objectif de cette etude est d’analyser le role joue par le rapport au temps dans le vecu des situations de precarite, au travers de l’etude des regulations sociales de la Perspective Temporelle (PT) et du role de cette variable psychosociale dans les liens entre situations de precarite et troubles psychologiques. L’analyse des donnees recueillies aupres de 275 consultants d’un centre d’examens de sante fait apparaitre les regulations sociales dont la PT fait l’objet, ainsi que les liens que le rapport au passe entretient a la fois a la precarite et aux troubles psychologiques (troubles anxieux, humeur depressive). Enfin, les resultats suggerent le role mediateur joue par le rapport negatif au passe dans l’emergence des troubles psychologiques lies aux situations de precarite.
Perfil emocional y cognitivo de la hipertensión arterial esencial mantenida frente a la normotensión

This study was aimed at analyzing the psychological profile of essential hypertension (EHT) concerning the following emotional constructs: trait anger, anger expression and control, anxiety, depression, stress, and, as a novelty in comparison with previous scientific literature, automatic thoughts and dysfunctional attitudes related to anger-hostility. To do that, a group of 57 adults with sustained EHT was compared with a group of 37 adults with normotension on a variety of psychometric measures of those emotional and cognitive constructs. Results suggest that people with EHT, in comparison with normotensive, show significantly higher levels of anxiety and anger-hostility coping thoughts as well as an almost significant trend toward a higher frequency of hostile and physically aggressive thoughts. Implications of these findings for psychological models of EHT and for the design and improvement of psychological interventions in EHT are discussed.
The cost of integrating external technologies: Supply and demand drivers of value creation in the markets for technology: Overcoming Technology Integration Costs in Licensing

A classic question faced by technology suppliers and buyers is whether to compete in the product markets or to cooperate through licensing. We address this question by examining an important, demand-side barrier to licensing—the buyers’ cost of integrating a licensed technology. We argue that this cost can be affected by suppliers’ knowledge transfer capabilities, buyers’ absorptive capacity, and the cospecialization between R&D and downstream activities in the buyers’ industries. Following this argument and a stylized bargaining model, we hypothesize that the supplier’s knowledge transfer capability stimulates licensing. Moreover, the importance of this capability increases when licensing to industries where potential buyers have weak absorptive capacity or R&D and downstream activities are cospecialized. We find support for our hypotheses using a panel dataset of small ‘serial innovators. ’ Copyright  2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Are boys that bad? Gender gaps in measured skills, grades and aspirations in Czech elementary schools

This article examines gender gaps in academic performance (grades in mathematics and reading) between boys and girls of ninth-grade elementary schools in the Czech Republic. Our analysis is based on 2003 data from the Programme for International Student Assessment, encompassing the academic performance and family background of ninth-grade pupils. Similar to research on other countries, we find that girls strongly outperform boys in grades in Czech language, but that this gender gap is not explained by measured ability in reading nor on family background or student attributes. We also find gender bias in mathematics grades, after controlling for measured ability and other factors. Girls are also substantially more likely than boys to apply to secondary grammar schools, as well as aspire to a college education, even after controlling for measured ability. We put forward a number of theoretical perspectives that shed light on the possible causes of these empirical findings.
Developmental regulation of glucogenesis in the sheep fetus during late gestation

1 Using tracer methodology, endogenous glucose production was measured in twenty‐six chronically catheterized sheep fetuses during normal fed conditions and in response to a 48 h period of maternal fasting at different gestational ages during the last 10‐15 days of gestation (term, 145 ± 2 days). 2 In normal fed conditions, the rate of fetal glucose production was negligible until 143‐145 days when it rose significantly to account for 50 % of the glucose used by the fetus. The rise in fetal glucogenesis towards term closely parallelled the normal prepartum rise in fetal plasma cortisol and catecholamines. 3 Maternal fasting for 48 h induced endogenous glucose production in fetuses at 139‐141 days but not at 133‐135 days of gestation. Maternal fasting also induced increases in the plasma cortisol and noradrenaline levels in all the fetuses studied. Fetal plasma cortisol levels at the end of the fast and the increment in fetal plasma cortisol during maternal fasting were significantly greater in the older groups of fasted animals. 4 When the data from all the fetuses were combined, partial correlation analysis of fetal glucose production and the log plasma concentrations of cortisol and total catecholamines showed that plasma cortisol was the predominant regulator of fetal glucogenesis during late gestation. However, once plasma cortisol levels exceeded 17.5 ng ml−1, plasma catecholamines were a major influence on fetal glucogenesis. 5 The results show that glucogenesis occurs in fetal sheep during late gestation in conditions in which the fetal plasma concentrations of cortisol and catecholamines are elevated. They also suggest that cortisol enhances the capacity for glucogenesis in utero, while catecholamines actually activate glucose production in sheep fetuses close to term.
Glimpses of Ancient China from Classical Chinese Poems

While our knowledge about ancient civilizations comes mostly from studies in archaeology and history books, much can also be learned or confirmed from literary texts . Using natural language processing techniques, we present aspects of ancient China as revealed by statistical textual analysis on the Complete Tang Poems, a 2.6-million-character corpus of all surviving poems from the Tang Dynasty (AD 618—907). Using an automatically created treebank of this corpus , we outline the semantic profiles of various poets, and discuss the role of s easons, geography, history, architecture, and colours , as observed through word selection and dependencies.
Statin-induced bilateral foot drop in a case of hypothyroidism

Muscle involvement is a common manifestation of both clinical and subclinical hypothyroidism, with serum creatine kinase (CK) elevation being probably the most common manifestation, and is seen in up to 90% of patients, but is usually mild (less than 10 times the upper limit of normal). Rhabdomyolysis is a distinctively uncommon presentation of hypothyroidism described usually in the setting of precipitating events such as strenuous exercise, alcohol, or statin use. Rarely rhabdomyolysis and myoedema seen in hypothyroidism can be complicated by the development of anterior compartment syndrome leading to neurovascular compression. We describe a case of a patient with hypothyroidism who developed acute onset bilateral foot drop on initiation of statins. This case highlights the need for cautious use of statins in patients at risk for rhabdomyolysis.
Characterization of Transcriptional Complexity during Longissimus Muscle Development in Bovines Using High-Throughput Sequencing

Background Beef cattle are among the most economically important animals in the world because they are farmed for their meat and leather. However, a lack of genetic information remains an obstacle to understanding the mechanisms behind the development of this animal. Analysis of the beef cattle transcriptome and its expression profile data are essential to extending the genetic information resources for this species and would support studies on this animal. Results RNA sequencing of beef cattle was performed using the Illumina High-Seq2000 platform. A total of 25,605,140 and 26,214,800 reads were sequenced for embryonic and adult pooled samples, respectively. We identified 24,464–29,994 novel transcript units in two pooled samples. In addition, 8,533–10,144 genes showed evidence of alternative splicing, in agreement with the finding that alternative 3′ splicing is the most common type of alternative splicing event in cattle. We detected the expression levels of 16,174 genes, and 6,800 genes exhibited differential expression between the two pooled samples with a false discovery rate ≤0.001. Using GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis, multiple GO term and biological pathways were found to be significantly enriched for differentially expressed genes. In addition, we discovered that 30,618–31,334 putative single nucleotide polymorphisms were located in coding regions. Conclusions We obtained a high-quality beef cattle reference transcriptome using a high throughput sequencing approach, thereby providing a valuable resource for better understanding the beef cattle genome. The transcriptome data will facilitate future functional studies on the beef cattle genome and can be applied to breeding programs for cattle and closely related mammals.
Relation of Glycosidases to Bean Hypocotyl Growth1

The enzymes ,3-glucosidase, a-glucosidase, 3-galacto-sidase, a-galactosidase, and 3-xylosidase were detected in Phaseolus vulgaris L. var. Red Kidney bean hypocotyl tissue throughout the first 13 days of development with p-nitro-phenyl glycosides as substrates. Activities of all enzymes except B-glucosidase declined as a function of increasing tissue age. In contrast, B-glucosidase activity increased rapidly 3 days after imbibition to a maximal activity at 5 days and then subsided to one-third the maximum by day 7. This activity peak immnediately preceded the logarithmic phase of hypocotyl growth. This enzyme is strongly asso- ciated with cell walls during extraction, suggesting that it is wall-bound in situ. Various polysaccharide substrates were used to evaluate the specificity of this enzyme.
Subgroup Differences in Response to 8 Weeks of Ledipasvir/Sofosbuvir for Chronic Hepatitis C

Treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection with ledipasvir/sofosbuvir promises tremendous benefits, but high cost may impede implementation of this regimen. Subgroups with excellent response to 8 weeks of treatment might respond to a shorter course. In ION-3, 423 previously untreated HCV genotype 1-infected patients without cirrhosis had outcome data after receiving ledipasvir/sofosbuvir for 8 weeks. After reanalyzing published ION-3 data, we found that sustained virologic response (SVR) rates varied significantly by gender (P = .002) and rs12979860 genotype (Ptrend = .03), exceeding 98% in women and rs12979860-CC individuals. The very high SVR rates in these subgroups suggest that these factors might be considered in selecting patients to receive 8 weeks of ledipasvir/sofosbuvir and support shorter trials of this regimen in selected patients.
Policosanol as a new inhibitor candidate for vascular calcification in diabetic hyperlipidemic rats

This work mainly aimed to investigate the probable changes of aortic calcification by policosanol, omega-3 fatty acids in comparison with atorvastatin and subsequent progression of atherosclerosis in diabetic hyperlipemic rat model. Adult male albino rats of wistar strain (30) were divided into five groups (n = 6/group); one was fed normal diet and was used as a normal group, the other groups received alloxan, atherogenic diet (CCT – rat chow diet supplemented with 4% cholesterol, 1% cholic acid, and 0.5% thiouracil) and categorized as follows: the second group received no treatment and kept as control (diabetic hyperlipidemic control group (DHC)). The other groups received daily oral doses of atorvastatin, policosanol (10 mg/kg body weight) and ω-3 (50 mg/kg body weight), respectively, for eight weeks. Different biomarkers were used for the evaluation that included inflammatory (C reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α)), oxidative stress (glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA)) bone calcification markers (alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Vitamin D, parathyroid hormone (PTH)), lipogram pattern in addition to histochemical demonstration of calcium in the aorta. Diabetic hyperlipemic group demonstrated significant hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, and increased inflammation, oxidative stress, calcification, and finally atherogenesis progression. Treatment of diabetic hyperlipemic rats with, policosanol, omega-3 fatty acids (natural products) and atorvastatin for eight weeks significantly increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), Vitamin D, decreased aortic vacuoles number, and inhibited calcification process. Policosanol induced more remarkable reduction in the density and number of foam cells and improved the intimal lesions of the aorta as compared to atorvastatin. Drugs under study exerted hypoglycemic effect along with an inhibition of inflammation, oxidative stress, and calcium deposition with certain variations but policosanol effect was remarkable in comparison with other drugs.
Social intelligence in the normal and autistic brain: an fMRI study

There is increasing support for the existence of ‘social intelligence’[Humphrey (1984) Consciousness Regained], independent of general intelligence. Brothers et al. (1990) J. Cog. Neurosci. , 4, 107–118] proposed a network of neural regions that comprise the ‘social brain’: the orbito‐frontal cortex (OFC), superior temporal gyrus (STG) and amygdala. We tested Brothers' theory by examining both normal subjects as well as patients with high‐functioning autism or Asperger syndrome (AS), who are well known to have deficits in social intelligence, and perhaps deficits in amygdala function [Bauman & Kemper (1988) J. Neuropath. Exp. Neurol. , 47, 369]. We used a test of judging from the expressions of another person's eyes what that other person might be thinking or feeling. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) we confirmed Brothers' prediction that the STG and amygdala show increased activation when using social intelligence. Some areas of the prefrontal cortex also showed activation. In contrast, patients with autism or AS activated the fronto‐temporal regions but not the amygdala when making mentalistic inferences from the eyes. These results provide support for the social brain theory of normal function, and the amygdala theory of autism.
Leaving the Private World of Wives of Professional Athletes

The same skills, techniques, and strategies that make fieldwork go well can keep the fieldworker in the field far longer than necessary. Interest in this irony and the exit process was prompted by dilemmas encountered by a male ethnographer in terminating his long-term fieldwork with wives of professional athletes. This reflexive account examines collaborative relationships and compulsive data collection—which proved to be essential in gathering and analyzing data—for their consequences in the leaving process. It is proposed that having a greater awareness of such methodological issues may result in constructing more realistic and less stressful exit strategies, and coping more effectively with the disruptive, emotional, or problematic nature of the disengagement process.
Attention Improves Encoding of Task-Relevant Features in the Human Visual Cortex

When spatial attention is directed toward a particular stimulus, increased activity is commonly observed in corresponding locations of the visual cortex. Does this attentional increase in activity indicate improved processing of all features contained within the attended stimulus, or might spatial attention selectively enhance the features relevant to the observer's task? We used fMRI decoding methods to measure the strength of orientation-selective activity patterns in the human visual cortex while subjects performed either an orientation or contrast discrimination task, involving one of two laterally presented gratings. Greater overall BOLD activation with spatial attention was observed in visual cortical areas V1–V4 for both tasks. However, multivariate pattern analysis revealed that orientation-selective responses were enhanced by attention only when orientation was the task-relevant feature and not when the contrast of the grating had to be attended. In a second experiment, observers discriminated the orientation or color of a specific lateral grating. Here, orientation-selective responses were enhanced in both tasks, but color-selective responses were enhanced only when color was task relevant. In both experiments, task-specific enhancement of feature-selective activity was not confined to the attended stimulus location but instead spread to other locations in the visual field, suggesting the concurrent involvement of a global feature-based attentional mechanism. These results suggest that attention can be remarkably selective in its ability to enhance particular task-relevant features and further reveal that increases in overall BOLD amplitude are not necessarily accompanied by improved processing of stimulus information.
Predictors of Peer Victimization among Hispanic Adolescent Girls: Implications for School Social Work

Aggressive behavior aimed at peers in school settings is a persistent problem for students, teachers, parents, and school social workers. Peer victimization is particularly troubling for adolescent girls in light of recent increases in aggression and violence among female adolescents. However, most studies of peer victimization, particularly among adolescent girls, have been limited to white and middle-class samples. Principles from ecological theory and knowledge derived from studies of risk and protection among children and youths are used to examine individual-, peer-, school-, and family-level factors associated with the likelihood of victimization among 150 low-income, urban, Hispanic female eighth-grade students. Self-esteem, the quality of friendships with other girls, and levels of reactive relational aggression are significant predictors of peer victimization. Results suggest that individual- and peer-level factors may be most relevant for explaining peer victimization among low-income, Hispanic adolescent girls. Implications for school social work practice are noted.
A Kernel PCA Method for Superior Word Sense Disambiguation

We introduce a new method for disambiguating word senses that exploits a nonlinear Kernel Principal Component Analysis (KPCA) technique to achieve accuracy superior to the best published individual models. We present empirical results demonstrating significantly better accuracy compared to the state-of-the-art achieved by either naive Bayes or maximum entropy models, on Senseval-2 data. We also contrast against another type of kernel method, the support vector machine (SVM) model, and show that our KPCA-based model outperforms the SVM-based model. It is hoped that these highly encouraging first results on KPCA for natural language processing tasks will inspire further development of these directions.
Organization Design: The Epistemic Interdependence Perspective

We develop a novel analytical framework to study epistemic interdependence between agents and the resulting need for predictive knowledge as a basis for understanding information processing requirements in organizations, and the implications for organization design. These two new constructs help to sharply distinguish interdependence between tasks and between agents, and highlight why even interdependence between agents need not imply any need for information processing between them. They also help to refine key ideas about organization design.