Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Real Wage Rigidity and Labor Market Frictions for Unemployment and Inflation Dynamics

In this paper we incorporate a labor market with matching frictions and wage rigidities into the New Keynesian business cycle model. In particular, we analyze the effect of a monetary policy shock and investigate how labor market frictions affect the transmission process of monetary policy. The model allows real wage rigidities to interact with adjustments in employment and hours affecting inflation dynamics via marginal costs. We find that the response of unemployment and inflation to an interest rate innovation depends on the degree of wage rigidity. Generally, more rigid wages translate into more persistent movements of aggregate inflation. Moreover, the impact of a monetary policy shock on unemployment and inflation depends also on labor market fundamentals such as bargaining power and the flows in and out of employment.
Practitioner research

This article explores the current demands that teachers engage in year-on-year continued professional development (CPD) as a means of showing their ongoing competence to teach. In particular it highlights two types of CPD: the talked about notion of the ‘reflective practitioner’ and the actioned reality of CPD as a measure of technical and competent practice. The paper explores the feelings of teachers towards CPD and then, drawing on a seven-year longitudinal practitioner research study, uses the example of physical education to highlight the discordance between the intentions of the provider and the learning of the teachers. Finally, it uses the self-same study to illustrate the difference between traditional CPD and an idea of professional development that focuses on the use of practitioner research. It argues that through the use of inquiry and research teachers are able to focus their learning on ‘their kids’ and ‘their problems’ rather than engage in CPD which is delivered off-site and which assumes that ‘one size fits all’.
An inhibition of cyclin-dependent kinases that lengthens, but does not arrest, neuroepithelial cell cycle induces premature neurogenesis

The G1 phase of the cell cycle of neuroepithelial cells, the progenitors of all neurons of the mammalian central nervous system, has been known to lengthen concomitantly with the onset and progression of neurogenesis. We have investigated whether lengthening of the G1 phase of the neuroepithelial cell cycle is a cause, rather than a consequence, of neurogenesis. As an experimental system, we used whole mouse embryo culture, which was found to exactly reproduce the temporal and spatial gradients of the onset of neurogenesis occurring in utero. Olomoucine, a cell-permeable, highly specific inhibitor of cyclin-dependent kinases and G1 progression, was found to significantly lengthen, but not arrest, the cell cycle of neuroepithelial cells when used at 80 μM. This olomoucine treatment induced, in the telencephalic neuroepithelium of embryonic day 9.5 to 10.5 mouse embryos developing in whole embryo culture to embryonic day 10.5, (i) the premature up-regulation of TIS21, a marker identifying neuroepithelial cells that have switched from proliferative to neuron-generating divisions, and (ii) the premature generation of neurons. Our data indicate that lengthening G1 can alone be sufficient to induce neuroepithelial cell differentiation. We propose a model that links the effects of cell fate determinants and asymmetric cell division to the length of the cell cycle.
Clinically relevant concentrations of beta2-adrenergic agonists stimulate maximal cyclic adenosine monophosphate-dependent airspace fluid clearance and decrease pulmonary edema in experimental acid-induced lung injury.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether clinically relevant airspace concentrations of beta2-adrenergic agonists stimulated maximal alveolar fluid clearance rates and to determine whether beta2 agonist therapy decreased pulmonary edema in experimental acute lung injury. DESIGN Prospective randomized laboratory investigation. SETTING University-affiliated laboratory. SUBJECTS Sprague Dawley rats. INTERVENTIONS Dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), salmeterol, albuterol, and isoproterenol in normal rat lung. Salmeterol in a rat model of acid-induced lung injury. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Basal alveolar fluid clearance was 7.6 +/- 2.2 %/hr. Maximal cAMP-dependent alveolar fluid clearance rate was 32.9 +/- 10.9 %/hr (p <.05). Racemic albuterol 10(-5) M, salmeterol 10(-6) M, and isoproterenol 10(-6) M each stimulated alveolar fluid clearance to a level comparable to maximal cAMP-dependent alveolar fluid clearance. Compared with basal rates, alveolar fluid clearance was increased by both racemic albuterol 10(-6) M (14.5 +/- 3.0%, p <.05) and R-enantiomer 10(-6) M (15.0 +/- 4.6%, p <.05), but there was no difference between the two groups. Intra-alveolar salmeterol 10 (-6) M attenuated the degree of pulmonary edema following acid-induced lung injury. Extravascular lung water increased to only 180 +/- 30 microL with salmeterol treatment, compared with 296 +/- 65 microL in saline-treated rats 4 hrs after acid injury (p <.05). This decrease in lung water was accompanied by a 2.4-fold increase in the rate of alveolar fluid clearance at 4 hrs in the salmeterol-treated group. Lung endothelial permeability, expressed as extravascular plasma equivalents, was reduced to 64 +/- 9 microL with salmeterol compared with 119 +/- 51 microL in saline-treated rats 4 hrs after acid injury (p <.05). CONCLUSIONS Clinically relevant airspace concentrations of beta2-adrenergic agonists a) stimulate maximal cAMP-dependent airspace fluid clearance in normal lungs and b) reduce pulmonary edema in acid aspiration-induced lung injury by increasing alveolar fluid clearance and decreasing endothelial permeability. Clinical studies are required to determine whether beta2-adrenergic agonists improve outcome in patients with acute lung injury.
Radiological thymus alterations in systemic sclerosis: our experience and a review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE Thymus alterations have been related to several autoimmune disorders. In particular, previous studies identified a significant frequency of gland abnormalities by chest high-resolution CT (HRCT) in SSc patients. In this study we aimed to investigate the prevalence of radiological thymic alterations and their correlation with clinical and serological features in a large SSc series. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated thymic shape on CT scans of 200 consecutive, unselected SSc patients aged over 30 years The presence of radiological abnormalities, i.e. enlarged gland >13 mm or nodular lesions >7 mm, was correlated with SSc clinico-serological features. Moreover, the patients were also classified using a second thickness cut-off of 7 mm in order to identify incomplete thymic involution. RESULTS Twenty-four of 200 (12%) SSc patients presented an abnormal thymus at HRCT, including hyperplasic (19/24) and nodular (5/24) glands. Otherwise, using the cut-off of 7 mm for gland thickness and excluding subjects with nodular thymus, 50/195 (25.6%) patients presented an incomplete thymic involution. Thymic radiological alterations are significantly correlated with younger age and diffuse cutaneous SSc. Moreover, an abnormally enlarged thymus tended to be more common in patients with shorter disease duration. CONCLUSION The present report on a large series of SSc patients further reinforces previous data present in the literature that includes other cohort studies and a number of anecdotal observations. Even though the actual role of thymus radiological abnormalities remains unclear, possible involvement of the gland in the early phase of immune-mediated SSc pathogenesis might be supposed.
A New Type Circular Photonic Crystal Fiber for Orbital Angular Momentum Mode Transmission

We proposed a new circular photonic crystal fiber (C-PCF), which can support 14 orbital angular momentum (OAM) modes transmission, with the good features of wide bandwidth, low confinement loss, and all OAM modes at the same size. At 1.55 μm, the designed C-PCF has a very low confinement loss of 3.434 × 10<sup>-9</sup> dB/m for HE41 mode and a relatively low nonlinear coefficient of 3.979 W<sup>-1</sup>km<sup>-1</sup> for EH<sub>31</sub> mode. The common bandwidth for the four orders of OAM modes is as large as 560 nm (about 1.25 μm-1.81 μm), which does cover all bands of optical fiber communication. Flat dispersion (a total dispersion variation of <;46.38 ps nm<sup>-1</sup> km<sup>-1</sup> over a 750-nm bandwidth from 1.25 μm to 2 μm for TE<sub>01</sub> mode) is another feature. With all these good features, the proposed C-PCF could be a well-promising OAM fiber for mode division multiplexing in high capacity fiber communication systems.
Rebellion, Violence and Revolution: A Rational Choice Perspective

There are many rebellions, fewer successful rebellions, and extremely few social revolutions. First, the relative frequencies of elite and mass rebellions are investigated. Because a rational choice approach finds it easier to explain elite rebellions and a deprivation approach seems tailored to the explanation of mass rebellions, the relative frequencies of these two types of rebellion favor rational choice. Second, the small number of mass rebellions is related to military issues, such as loyalty and defeat in war. Although military defeat in war is neither close to a necessary, nor to a sufficient condition of successful rebellion, it still might multiply its likelihood. Third, it is argued that the link between international rivalries and great revolutions via ruler discouragement and rebel encouragement is compatible with a rational choice approach. Because it is obviously so important in revolutions, nationalist and religious zealotry needs to be integrated into rational choice approaches to rebellion and revolution.
Fine‐scale genetic structuring in a natural population of European wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

The genetic structure of a free‐living tagged population of European wild rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) was investigated for two consecutive years (1990 and 1991) using 10 polymorphic microsatellite loci. A specific social behaviour, the formation of stable breeding groups, influenced the genetic structure of the population. These breeding groups were shown to constitute genetically differentiated units with low levels of gene flow between them. The average relatedness among members of a social group was higher than within the population as a whole. As a result of female philopatry coupled with male‐biased natal dispersal, the relatedness of females was higher than that of males, both within social groups and in the whole population. Furthermore, the average relatedness of females within groups was twice the relatedness of females between groups. This study reveals marked fine‐scale, intrapopulation genetic structure, which is attributable to the social behaviour of the European wild rabbit.
Media Coverage of Capital Murder: Exceptions Sustain the Rule

Scholars have demonstrated that prominent media coverage of crime shapes the creation of public policies. More subtly, such coverage can also sustain existing policies. In this paper, we ask: which capital crimes captivate the media and thus sustain popular support for the death penalty? To answer the question, we examine newspaper coverage of capital murders that occurred in Harris County (Houston), Texas between 1992 and 1999. Our findings reveal that prominent media coverage presents a distorted reality in which brutal crimes tend to be committed by minority offenders against vulnerable, “worthy” victims. Thus, the public mandate for capital punishment is sustained by atypical crimes that conform to existing cultural templates about criminal threat and victimization.
Variation within a Greek-Cypriot community of practice in London: Code-switching, gender, and identity

Abstract The past two decades have seen an explosion of interest in interactionally orientated perspectives on identity. The Community of Practice framework was employed by sociolinguists working within this paradigm because it firmly grounds identity in social practice seeing it as a process that speakers engage in during actual interactions. Interest in variation within communities of practice is growing, as the well-boundedness of linguistic and social concepts (including identity and language) is increasingly questioned. The current article develops this perspective by exploring code-switching practices of British-born Greek-Cypriots in two distinct contexts: community meetings and a dinner. Findings indicate that this community of practice does not constitute a uniform entity: complex interactions transpire between local and global variables including gender, community-specific setups, contexts, and discourse types. The study also problematizes the concepts core and periphery, used to describe variation within communities of practice, offering a revised understanding of practice, which focuses on silent participation. (Code-switching, community of practice, Greek-Cypriot, gender, identity, individual variation)
International Political Economy and the 2014 West African Ebola Outbreak

The Ebola crisis dominated Western media in late summer 2014, even though the first case was reported six months earlier. Sensational news coverage contributed to fears of Africa as a disease-ridden continent and to the dehumanization of Africans navigating the epidemic (Dionne & Seay 2015 ). International responses to the health crisis in West Africa have been slow in coming and not always particularly effective, despite the efforts of local health workers and nongovernmental organizations including Medecins Sans Frontieres and Samaritan's Purse. Western governments' designation of the Ebola crisis as a crisis of security for the West also seemed to put Africans who were ill and dying in the same category as politically motivated terrorists. Analysts attribute the outbreak's severity to slow response by domestic and international decision makers and to the persistent poor health care conditions in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone. In this commentary, we demonstrate how these conditions are shaped by historical and contempo- rary contexts of international political economy. After providing a brief
Attitudes, beliefs and myths about suicidal behaviour : a qualitative investigation of South African male students

Suicidal behaviour is a serious public health problem. Globally and in South Africa a gendered pattern of suicide rates has been observed, with males being more likely to kill themselves than females. To date little quantitative and qualitative research is available on young male suicidal behaviour in South Africa. This study investigated the attitudes, beliefs and myths young male students hold about suicidal behaviour. Thirteen male university students (ages 20 to 25 years; with and without a history of suicidal behaviour), who volunteered to take part in the present study in response to an email invitation, were interviewed. The attitudes, beliefs and myths identified from the qualitative data are grouped into four themes: „Moral acceptability of suicidal behaviour‟, „Perceived causes and risk factors of suicidal behaviour‟, „Perceived motives of suicidal behaviour‟, and „Perceived prevention and protective factors of suicidal behaviour‟. Besides these four themes, two underlying narratives are identified and discussed: (1) „Apart or a part: Belonging and suicidal behaviour‟ is centred on the idea that perceiving oneself to be an integral part of a social system is protective against suicidal behaviour, while a thwarted sense of belonging increases vulnerability to suicidal behaviour. (2) „Dying to be a man: (Re) negotiating masculinity and suicidal behaviour‟ is concerned with participants‟ views that men‟s relational position to hegemonic (socially most dominant) forms of masculinity is a factor in male suicidal behaviour. Participants regard hegemonic forms of masculinity to be both a part of the problem of suicidal behaviour and a potential solution to suicidal behaviour. These findings are interpreted through a social constructionist lens of gender as performance. Finally, implications of findings for future research, prevention and treatment are discussed.
Effects of a music programme on kindergartners' phonological awareness skills 1

This research examines the effect of a music training programme on the development of phonological awareness among 104 Franco-Canadian kindergarten children. The experimental group ( N = 51) participated in an adapted version of the Standley and Hughes music training programme, while the control group (N = 53) took part in the Ministère de l'Éducation du Quebec music programme. The analysis of our data shows that both music programmes contributed similarly to the development of tonal and rhythmic perceptive skills. However, the experimental music training programme proved to be more effective when it came to developing phonological awareness skills. In conclusion, this article argues that auditory perception, phonological memory and metacognitive abilities play an essential role in the development of musical and linguistic skills. Les effets d'un programme d'entraînement musical sur le développement de la conscience phonologique à la maternelle Cette recherche examine les effets d'un programme d'entraînement musical sur le développement de la conscience phonologique auprès de 104 enfants franco-canadiens d'une école maternelle. Le groupe expérimental (N = 51) a pris part à une formation inspirée du programme de Standley et Hughes (1997), alors que le groupe de contrôle (N = 53) a participé au programme de musique du Ministère de l'Éducation du Québec (2001). L'analyse des données montre que les deux programmes ont contribué de façon significative à l'amélioration des capacités perceptives tonale et rythmique. En contrepartie, le programme d'entraînement expérimental s'est avéré plus efficace en ce qui a trait au développement des habiletés phonologiques. En somme, cette étude tente à démontrer que la perception auditive, la mémoire phonologique et les habilités métacognitives jouent un rôle important dans le développement des capacités linguistiques au cours de la petite enfance.
Detecting Online Harassment in Social Networks

Online Harassment is the process of sending messages for example in Social Networks to cause psychological harm to a victim. In this paper, we propose a pattern-based approach to detect such messages. Since user generated texts contain noisy language we perform a normalization step first to transform the words into their canonical forms. Additionally, we introduce a person identification module that marks phrases which relate to a person. Our results show that these preprocessing steps increase the classification performance. The pattern-based classifier uses the information provided by the preprocessing steps to detect patterns that connect a person to profane words. This technique achieves a substantial improvement compared to existing approaches. Finally, we discuss the portability of our approach to Social Networks and its possible contribution to tackle the abuse of such applications for the distribution of Online Harassment.
Razones por las que los alumnos universitarios no utilizan las redes sociales

Although social networking websites (SNSs, especially Facebook) have become highly popular with youths, some university students’ do not want to participate in such sites. This study explores the underlying reasons for high-tech university students’ non-use of social networking websites. The study group (n=20) consisted of 18 to 25-year-old undergraduate students, who were selected by the purposive sampling method. Data were collected from two large state universities in Turkey. Facebook, as one of the most popular social networking websites, was selected as a study context. Qualitative research methods were used in the data collection and analysis processes. The primary reasons for not using social networking websites were that they were perceived to be a waste of time, or an unnecessary tool; that they might lead to an addiction; that they might violate privacy concerns or share unnecessary information; and that they might invoke family concerns. Additionally, the findings indicated that most of the students did not trust virtual friendships, and did not like sharing photographs and political views online. This identification of non-user students’ attitudes about SNSs will help us to better understand individual perceptions and experiences relating to these social services.
Impacts of the trilogy of emotion on future purchase intentions in products of high involvement under the mediating role of brand awareness

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the influence of the trilogy of emotion – cognition, affection, and conation – on future purchase intentions in consumers of products of high involvement. Design/methodology/approach – The author employed two studies on two different products to test the influence of emotion on future purchase intentions in study one and to replicate the results of study one in study two, using structural equation modeling. In study two, brand awareness is regarded as a mediator. Findings – The results indicate that cognition can influence future purchase intentions, and that affection meaningfully influences future purchase intentions. Additionally, the researcher found that the impact of affection on future purchase intention is stronger than that of cognition on future purchase intentions. Moreover, brand awareness meaningfully influenced cognition, affection, and conation directly, and future purchase intentions indirectly. Practical implications – Encouraging conditions.
Specific Language Impairment, Nonverbal IQ, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism Spectrum Disorder, Cochlear Implants, Bilingualism, and Dialectal Variants: Defining the Boundaries, Clarifying Clinical Conditions, and Sorting Out Causes.

PURPOSE The purpose of this research forum article is to provide an overview of a collection of invited articles on the topic "specific language impairment (SLI) in children with concomitant health conditions or nonmainstream language backgrounds. " Topics include SLI, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, autism spectrum disorder, cochlear implants, bilingualism, and dialectal language learning contexts. METHOD The topic is timely due to current debates about the diagnosis of SLI. An overarching comparative conceptual framework is provided for comparisons of SLI with other clinical conditions. Comparisons of SLI in children with low-normal or normal nonverbal IQ illustrate the unexpected outcomes of 2 × 2 comparison designs. RESULTS Comparative studies reveal unexpected relationships among speech, language, cognitive, and social dimensions of children's development as well as precise ways to identify children with SLI who are bilingual or dialect speakers. CONCLUSIONS The diagnosis of SLI is essential for elucidating possible causal pathways of language impairments, risks for language impairments, assessments for identification of language impairments, linguistic dimensions of language impairments, and long-term outcomes. Although children's language acquisition is robust under high levels of risk, unexplained individual variations in language acquisition lead to persistent language impairments.