Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epileptic Nystagmus and Vertigo Associated with Bilateral Temporal and Frontal Lobe Epilepsy

Epileptic nystagmus is defined as a quick, repetitive jerky movement of the eyeball associated with seizure activity. In cases of epileptic nystagmus associated with ictal discharge from multiple brain areas, localization of the exact epileptogenic zone could be extremely difficult. In a nine-year-old patient with epileptic nystagmus and vertigo associated with bilateral temporal and frontal lobe epilepsy, we could infer the epileptic focus by interpreting the patient's clinical picture, characteristics of nystagmus, and findings of electroencephalography.
Parenting, Peers, and Perceived Norms

Although attitudes strongly predict later sexual behaviors, few studies have investigated the factors that influence early adolescent attitudes toward sex. Using a general population sample of urban seventh-grade students (N = 1,736), we examined how supportive parenting, television viewing, perceived social norms, and having a friend and/or sibling who is a teen parent were uniquely associated with the probability and extent that early adolescents endorse favorable attitudes toward sexual activity. Supportive parenting was negatively associated with the probability of endorsement but not the strength of the endorsement. Perceived social norms and having a friend who is a teen parent were positively associated with both probability and strength of endorsement. Having a sibling who is a teen parent and greater television viewing were significantly and positively associated with the probability and extent of favorable attitudes toward sexual activity for females. Implications for prevention efforts targeting parenting and school policies are discussed.
Broken detailed balance at mesoscopic scales in active biological systems

Identifying nonequilibrium dynamics Living systems clearly operate out of thermodynamic equilibrium at the molecular scale. How these activities are manifest at the cellular scale, however, has been unclear. Battle et al. use video microscopy together with statistical thermodynamics to unambiguously identify which random fluctuations at the cellular scale are out of equilibrium (see the Perspective by Rupprecht and Prost). Transitions between states obey a detailed balance in equilibrium, whereas imbalanced transitions point to nonequilibrium dynamics. For instance, nonequilibrium dynamics can be identified in the periodic beating of a flagellum and in the nonperiodic fluctuations of primary cilia. Science, this issue p. 604; see also p. 514 Nonequilibrium dynamics can be identified in randomly fluctuating mesoscopic systems. Systems in thermodynamic equilibrium are not only characterized by time-independent macroscopic properties, but also satisfy the principle of detailed balance in the transitions between microscopic configurations. Living systems function out of equilibrium and are characterized by directed fluxes through chemical states, which violate detailed balance at the molecular scale. Here we introduce a method to probe for broken detailed balance and demonstrate how such nonequilibrium dynamics are manifest at the mesosopic scale. The periodic beating of an isolated flagellum from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii exhibits probability flux in the phase space of shapes. With a model, we show how the breaking of detailed balance can also be quantified in stationary, nonequilibrium stochastic systems in the absence of periodic motion. We further demonstrate such broken detailed balance in the nonperiodic fluctuations of primary cilia of epithelial cells. Our analysis provides a general tool to identify nonequilibrium dynamics in cells and tissues.
Student mobilities, migration and the internationalisation of higher education

by Rachel Brooks and Johanna Waters, Basingstoke, Palgrave Macmillan, 2011, 195 pp., £58.00 (hardback), ISBN 978-0-230-57844-9This book offers so much more than the title suggests! I had expected a.
A probabilistic framework for security constrained reserve scheduling of networks with wind power generation

This paper proposes a novel probabilistic framework to design an N-1 secure day-ahead dispatch, while determining the minimum cost reserves for power systems with high wind penetration. To achieve this, we build on previous work, and formulate a stochastic optimization program with chance constraints, which encode the probability of satisfying the transmission capacity constraints of the lines. To incorporate then a reserve decision scheme, we take into account the steady state behavior of the secondary frequency controller, and hence consider the reserves to be a linear function of the total generation-load mismatch. The overall problem results in a chance constrained bilinear program; to achieve tractability, two alternative convex reformulations are proposed, and the so called scenario approach is employed. This approach is based on sampling the uncertain parameter (in this paper the wind power) while keeping the desired probabilistic guarantees. To illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed technique we apply it to the IEEE 30-bus network, and compare the alternative reformulations in terms of cost and performance by means of Monte Carlo simulations, corresponding to different wind power realizations generated by a Markov chain based model.
Verbal aggression in the college classroom: Perceived instructor use and student affective learning

The purpose of this investigation was threefold: (1) to examine the extent to which instructors were perceived to use verbally aggressive messages; (2) to explore whether perceived instructor use of verbally aggressive messages was negatively correlated with student affect toward the instructor, student affect toward course content, and student affect toward recommended course behaviors; and (3) to determine whether male and female instructors differed in their perceived use of verbally aggressive messages. Results indicated that (a) instructors are perceived to use verbally aggressive messages infrequently; (b) perceived instructor use of verbally aggressive messages is negatively correlated with student affect toward the instructor, student affect toward course content, and student affect toward recommended course behaviors; and (c) male instructors are perceived to use only the “swearing,”; “teasing,”; and “ridicule”; verbally aggressive messages at a higher rate than female instructors. Future researc.
The role of fitness in health and disease: status of adults with cerebral palsy

Physical activity has significant health benefits and is positively associated with health‐related quality of life and psychosocial functioning. Persons with disability are at particular risk of inactivity. For adults with cerebral palsy (CP), impaired health and function typically impede participation in physical activity, setting into motion a downward spiral of prolonged inactivity. Adults with CP may not be engaging in sufficient physical activity to produce the improvements in fitness required to experience associated health benefits. However, the literature related to physical activity and fitness in adults with CP is sparse. As more and more persons with CP lead productive lives into their golden years, it is imperative that the scientific community provide definitive information to help guide decisions related to the type and extent of fitness‐related activities most beneficial to these individuals. This information will facilitate development of physical training programs that promote maintenance of function and fitness while preventing the onset of secondary conditions. This presentation will address the state‐of‐the‐science regarding physical activity and fitness for adults with CP and how fitness training relates to physical activity and health in this population. Gaps in the evidence, as well as possible directions for future research, will be presented.
The Social Impact of Self-Effacing Attributions: The chinese Case

Summary It is argued that a person in Chinese societies who makes self-effacing attributions for his performance should be better liked because his self-effacing attributions support norms whose function is to maintain harmonious interpersonal relationships. To test this hypothesis, Chinese Ss (N = 56) in the experiment watched two confederates (Cs) working on an intellectual task. These Cs were either competent or incompetent and subsequently made either self-effacing or self-enhancing attributions for their performance. Ss then rated them on 12 seven-point bipolar scales tapping likability, competence, and anxiety. Results indicated that a self-effacing C was better liked but rated as less competent than a self-enhancing C. Though in the United States competent persons are better liked, such a finding was not replicated in the present study. Consistent with a self-presentational analysis, incompetent performers who made self-enhancing attributions were perceived as more anxious than performers in the ot.
Association of Deep Gray Matter Damage With Cortical and Spinal Cord Degeneration in Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.

IMPORTANCE The investigation of cortical gray matter (GM), deep GM nuclei, and spinal cord damage in patients with primary progressive multiple sclerosis (PP-MS) provides insights into the neurodegenerative process responsible for clinical progression of MS. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of magnetic resonance imaging measures of cortical, deep GM, and spinal cord damage and their effect on clinical disability. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Cross-sectional analysis of 26 patients with PP-MS (mean age, 50.9 years; range, 31-65 years; including 14 women) and 20 healthy control participants (mean age, 51.1 years; range, 34-63 years; including 11 women) enrolled at a single US institution. Clinical disability was measured with the Expanded Disability Status Scale, 9-Hole Peg Test, and 25-Foot Walking Test. We collected data from January 1, 2012, through December 31, 2013. Data analysis was performed from January 21 to April 10, 2015. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Cortical lesion burden, brain and deep GM volumes, spinal cord area and volume, and scores on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (score range, 0 to 10; higher scores indicate greater disability), 9-Hole Peg Test (measured in seconds; longer performance time indicates greater disability), and 25-Foot Walking Test (test covers 7.5 m; measured in seconds; longer performance time indicates greater disability). RESULTS The 26 patients with PP-MS showed significantly smaller mean (SD) brain and spinal cord volumes than the 20 control group patients (normalized brain volume, 1377.81 [65.48] vs 1434.06 [53.67] cm3 [P = .003]; normalized white matter volume, 650.61 [46.38] vs 676.75 [37.02] cm3 [P = .045]; normalized gray matter volume, 727.20 [40.74] vs 757.31 [38.95] cm3 [P = .02]; normalized neocortical volume, 567.88 [85.55] vs 645.00 [42.84] cm3 [P = .001]; normalized spinal cord volume for C2-C5, 72.71 [7.89] vs 82.70 [7.83] mm3 [P < .001]; and normalized spinal cord volume for C2-C3, 64.86 [7.78] vs 72.26 [7.79] mm3 [P =.002]). The amount of damage in deep GM structures, especially with respect to the thalamus, was correlated with the number and volume of cortical lesions (mean [SD] thalamus volume, 8.89 [1.10] cm3; cortical lesion number, 12.6 [11.7]; cortical lesion volume, 0.65 [0.58] cm3; r = -0.52; P < .01). Thalamic atrophy also showed an association with cortical lesion count in the frontal cortex (mean [SD] thalamus volume, 8.89 [1.1] cm3; cortical lesion count in the frontal lobe, 5.0 [5.7]; r = -0.60; P < .01). No association was identified between magnetic resonance imaging measures of the brain and spinal cord damage. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE In this study, the neurodegenerative process occurring in PP-MS appeared to spread across connected structures in the brain while proceeding independently in the spinal cord. These results support the relevance of anatomical connectivity for the propagation of MS damage in the PP phenotype.
Chronic subdural hematoma: a comparison of recurrence rates following burr-hole craniostomy with and without drains.

AIM To compare the rates of recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma following surgical evacuation by one of two methods, namely, using frontal and parietal burr holes without a drain or a single parietal burr hole with the addition of a subdural drain. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a randomized controlled trial with two groups of 70 patients each. Patients in group I had two burr holes and those in group II had a single burr-hole. A subdural drain was placed for the second group, and this was removed 48-72 hours later. Patients were followed up for 3 months and symptomatic recurrences underwent re-exploration. RESULTS 11 out of 70 patients in group I had recurrent hematomas requiring surgery while only two out of 70 patients in group II had symptomatic recurrences. The difference was statistically significant (p=0.0168). CONCLUSION The use of a single burr hole with drain appears to be a safe and effective procedure for the treatment of chronic subdural hematoma.
Examining Probation Violations: Who, What, and When

Although much has been written about probation recidivism, studies have primarily focused on rates of recidivism and the characteristics of probationers who succeed or fail. Few studies have examined the types or seriousness of violations that probationers commit while on probation. This article examines the rates and timing of technical violations versus new criminal offenses that probationers commit while under probation supervision. Factors related to the commission of these two types of violations are also examined. Findings indicate that most probation violations were for technical reasons, and a significant proportion were committed during the first 3 months of probation. Few probationers committed new crimes while on probation, and these were often committed later in the probation period. Findings also reveal that certain characteristics of probationers were predictive of early technical and new criminal violations. Implications are discussed.
Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Polymerization Synthesis and Characterization of Polyaniline Films Doped with and without Iodine

Although polymerized aniline (polyaniline, PANI) with and without iodine (I2) doping has already been extensively studied, little work has been done on the synthesis of PANI films using atmospheric pressure plasma (APP) deposition. Therefore, this study characterized pure and I2-doped PANI films synthesized using an advanced APP polymerization system. The I2 doping was conducted ex-situ and using an I2 chamber method following the APP deposition. The pure and I2-doped PANI films were structurally analyzed using field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), atomic force microscope (AFM), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) studies. When increasing the I2 doping time, the plane and cross-sectional SEM images showed a decrease in the width and thickness of the PANI nanofibers, while the AFM results showed an increase in the roughness and grain size of the PANI films. Moreover, the FT-IR, XPS, and ToF-SIMS results showed an increase in the content of oxygen-containing functional groups and C=C double bonds, yet decrease in the C–N and C–H bonds when increasing the I2 doping time due to the reduction of hydrogen in the PANI films via the I2. To check the suitability of the conductive layer for polymer display applications, the resistance variations of the PANI films grown on the interdigitated electrode substrates were also examined according to the I2 doping time.
Physical activity patterns in Portuguese adolescents: The contribution of extracurricular sports

In Portugal, two sports systems exist, one through schools and the other in community clubs. The purpose was to determine the impact of extra-curricular sports (EC sports) on boys’ and girls’ moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA). 208 adolescents (79 boys and 129 girls), between 12 and 18 years old, wore an accelerometer over seven days. Four EC sport categories based on reported involvement were: no sports, school sports, club sports, both sports. Multivariable logistic regression was used to study the association of EC sports, age, gender and BMI on the adolescent’s MVPA. The school sport context was more relevant for girls than clubs sport; however the opposite pattern emerged for boys. BMI was not related to adolescent’s MVPA. EC sports increase the likelihood of achieving PA guidelines. The unique social and environmental contexts of school and club sports deserve additional attention in youth activity research.
The Influence of Provider Trust on the Acceptance of Mobile Applications: An Empirical Analysis of Two Mobile Emergency Applications

Using a mobile application to report an emergency allows for the transmission of the current location. This not only helps rescue teams but supports the assistance service if provided by insurance companies. However, the acceptance behavior as well as the influence of trust related to the insurer is unknown. We hence explore the influence of provider trust on the acceptance of mobile emergency applications. Based on theoretical foundations of prior research on the interplay between technology acceptance and trust we develop and test a structural model using data collected from 1617 respondents in Switzerland. The results confirm the applicability of the acceptance model for the two considered mobile emergency applications. However, the influence of trust on the perceived usefulness and the intention to use, which was shown in other cases, could not be confirmed. The results demonstrate an above average intention to use for the two mobile applications and we reason that the influence of trust towards the insurance company cannot be considered a critical issue in the acceptance process.
RBM-PLDA subsystem for the NIST i-vector challenge

This paper presents the Speech Technology Center (STC) system submitted to NIST i-vector challenge. The system includes different subsystems based on TV-PLDA, TV-SVM, and RBM-PLDA. In this paper we focus on examining the third RBM-PLDA subsystem. Within this subsystem, we present our RBM extractor of the pseudo i-vector. Experiments performed on the test dataset of NIST-2014 demonstrate that although the RBM-PLDA subsystem is inferior to the former two subsystems in terms of absolute minDCF, during the final fusion it provides a substantial input into the efficiency of the resulting STC system reaching 0.241 at the minDCF point.
Six-Month Follow-up of Patient-Rated Outcomes in a Randomized Controlled Trial of Exercise Training during Breast Cancer Chemotherapy

Background: Few exercise trials in cancer patients have reported longer-term follow-up. Here, we report a 6-month follow-up of exercise behavior and patient-rated outcomes from an exercise trial in breast cancer patients. Methods: Breast cancer patients initiating adjuvant chemotherapy (n = 242) were randomly assigned to usual care (n = 82), resistance exercise training (RET; n = 82), or aerobic exercise training (AET; n = 78) for the duration of their chemotherapy. At 6-month follow-up, participants were mailed a questionnaire that assessed quality of life, self-esteem, fatigue, anxiety, depression, and exercise behavior. Results: Two hundred one (83.1%) participants provided 6-month follow-up data. Adjusted linear mixed-model analyses showed that, at 6-month follow-up, the RET group reported higher self-esteem [adjusted mean difference, 1.6; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 0.1-3.2; P = 0.032] and the AET group reported lower anxiety (adjusted mean difference, −4.7; 95% CI, −0.0 to −9.3; P = 0.049) compared with the usual care group. Moreover, compared with participants reporting no regular exercise during the follow-up period, those reporting regular aerobic and resistance exercise also reported better patient-rated outcomes, including quality of life (adjusted mean difference, 9.5; 95% CI, 1.2-17.8; P = 0.025). Conclusions: Improvements in self-esteem observed with RET during breast cancer chemotherapy were maintained at 6-month follow-up whereas reductions in anxiety not observed with AET during breast cancer chemotherapy emerged at 6-month follow-up. Moreover, adopting a combined aerobic and resistance exercise program after breast cancer chemotherapy was associated with further improvements in patient-rated outcomes. Exercise training during breast cancer chemotherapy may result in some longer-term and late effects for selected patient-rated outcomes. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2007;16(12):2572–8)
PTSD Score, Circadian Typology and Sleep Habits of People who Experienced the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake 17 Years Ago

This study aims to determine the relationship between Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) and current circadian typology and sleep habits of adults who experienced the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake (on 17th January 1995) after becoming adults. An integrated questionnaire was administered in August, 2011 to 467 people aged 38 - 92 (mean age: 64.8 years) in Hyogo Prefecture, Japan, with responses received from 223 people (females: 142, males: 78, unknown: 3). The questionnaire consisted of basic questions about attributes such as age and sex, questions on sleep habits and sleep quality (Subjective Sleep Quality Scale), the Torsvall-? kerstedt Diurnal Type Scale and the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) which dealt with PTSD scores. The participants were divided into a High Damage Group (HDG) and Low Damage Group (LDG) based on public statistical information on the extent of damage to buildings and number of casualties in the smaller districts of Kobe City in which participants experienced the disaster. HDG participants exhibited significantly higher IES-R scores than LDG participants (p = .002). Only in HDG participants, there was significantly negative correlation between Diurnal-Type scale scores and IES-R scores (high PTSD scores correlated with greater evening type [low scores of Diurnal-Type scale]) (p = .001) (p = .920 in LDG participants). In both the HDG and LDG, there was a significant positive correlation between the Subjective Sleep Quality Scale (higher score meaning lower sleep quality) and IES-R score (high PTSD scores correlated with low quality of sleep) (p < .001 in HDG; p = .001 in LDG). These results suggest that people who suffered severe damage from a disaster and who currently show severe PTSD symptoms are more evening-typed and have a lower quality of sleep. Intervention to improve their quality of sleep and promote a morning-typed lifestyle may be an effective way to reduce PTSD symptoms.
Leadership of School Subject Areas: Tensions and Dimensions of Managing in the Middle.

There are an increasing number of research studies concerned with the realm of middle management in schools. However, few of these studies have adequately defined what might be considered middle management in schools, or have clarified which posts constitute those of middle managers. In addition, these studies have rarely considered the way in which different departmental cultures and structures affect leadership style and departmental performance. This article acknowledges the importance of the role of the head of department in secondary schools in school wide change and outlines some of tensions and dilemmas facing those who manage from the middle. It considers the leadership tensions facing heads of department in secondary schools and points towards the variety of departmental contexts, structures and cultures in which heads of department, or subject leaders operate. The article offers an analysis of the dynamic between leadership and culture within the departmental context. It concludes by suggesting .