Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficient Convolutional Neural Network For Audio Event Detection

Wireless distributed systems as used in sensor networks, Internet-of-Things and cyber-physical systems, impose high requirements on resource efficiency. Advanced preprocessing and classification of data at the network edge can help to decrease the communication demand and to reduce the amount of data to be processed centrally. In the area of distributed acoustic sensing, the combination of algorithms with a high classification rate and resource-constraint embedded systems is essential. Unfortunately, algorithms for acoustic event detection have a high memory and computational demand and are not suited for execution at the network edge. This paper addresses these aspects by applying structural optimizations to a convolutional neural network for audio event detection to reduce the memory requirement by a factor of more than 500 and the computational effort by a factor of 2.1 while performing 9.2% better.
The Effects of Kindergarten Redshirting from a Parental Perspective

Kindergarten redshirting is the term used to describe the phenomenon where a parent chooses to keep their child from attending kindergarten so that the child may gain a year’s worth of maturity. This qualitative dissertation examines the decision making process undergone by parents who have redshirted their children. While some parents began the decision making process soon after their child’s birth, every parent in the study considered the decision carefully. The study also provides an analysis of the outcomes the redshirting has provided for children as perceived by their parents. Parents rated the academic, social and emotional effects of kindergarten redshirting as highly positive for their child. The underlying theme that emerged from this study was the parental belief shared by parents who redshirted their child is that being older among peers provides more advantages for children in the early grades of elementary school as well as high school and college.
The Intrinsic Alignment of Dark Halo Substructures

We investigate the intrinsic alignments of dark halo substructures with their host halo major-axis orientations both analytically and numerically. Analytically, we derive the probability density distribution of the angles between the minor axes of the substructures and the major axes of their host halos from the physical principles, under the assumption that the substructure alignment on galaxy scales is a consequence of the tidal fields of the host halo gravitational potential. Numerically, we use a sample of four cluster-scale halos and their galaxy-scale substructures from recent high-resolution N-body simulations to measure the probability density distribution. We compare the numerical distribution with the analytic prediction, and find that the two results agree with each other very well. We conclude that our analytic model provides a quantitative physical explanation for the intrinsic alignment of dark halo substructures. We also discuss the possibility of differentiating our model from the anisotropic infall scenario by testing it against very large N-body simulations in the future.
The Lattice Solid Model: Towards a realistic simulation model for earthquake micro-physics and the development of a virtual laboratory for the earthquake cycle

A realistic numerical simulation model for all physical processes underlying the earthquake phenomenon on HPC's would provide a powerful tool to study fault behavior and earthquake nucleation. The microphysical particle-based Lattice Solid Model (LSM) currently being developed at QUAKES provides a basis on which to construct such a model. Presently, the model simulates stress transfer, seismic waves, fracture, friction, heat and gouge dynamics. Simulations show numerous features compatible with laboratory and field studies including shear localization, low-strength faults compatible with the Heat-Flow Constraint, slip pulses on faults, Gutenburg-Richter power law statistics and cycles of seismic activity exhibiting accelerating energy release prior to large events. Ultimately, when fully developed, it is envisaged that the LSM will be capable of simulating all physical processes underlying earthquakes including lubrication and dynamics of fluids, phase transformations, and chemical effects as well as all observable signals including strain, seismic, electric and magnetic. Increased computational capacity, a model refinement process involving feedback with laboratory and field observations, and integration with macroscopic simulation models would provide the means to study the earthquake cycle, and hence, to develop earthquake hazard quantification and forecasting methodology that best uses the incomplete recorded and incoming data. Recent LSM simulation results of patterns of accelerating energy release prior to large events suggest that earthquake statistics can evolve in a predictable way. These results demonstrate the potential utility of realistic numerical simulation models as a means to probe the earthquake cycle, and provide encouragement that earthquake forecasting is feasible, at least under certain conditions.
Molecular heterogeneity and prognostic biomarkers in adults with acute myeloid leukemia and normal cytogenetics

Purpose of reviewPatients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and normal karyotype constitute the single largest cytogenetic group of AML, estimated to account for 45% of adults with de novo AML. This article critically reviews the recent literature that addresses the molecular heterogeneity of this group of patients and how this relates to prognostic stratification and novel therapeutic approaches. Recent findingsFour prognostic biomarkers-the internal tandem duplication and point mutations in the FLT3 gene, partial tandem duplication of the MLL gene, mutations of the CEBPA gene, and overexpression of the BAALC gene-have been found to predict outcome in patients with AML and normal cytogenetics. In addition, one study using gene expression profiling identified two subgroups of AML patients with a normal karyotype whose survival differs significantly. Because mutations in FLT3 result in an autophosphorylated, leukemogenesis-driving protein, molecular targeting therapy with a new class of tyrosine kinase inhibitors is being explored in early clinical trials. SummaryConsiderable progress has been made in molecular characterization of AML patients with normal cytogenetics. The challenge for the future is to incorporate these biologic discoveries into novel risk-adapted therapeutic strategies that will improve the currently disappointing cure rate (approximately 25-40%) of this group of patients.
Multiple dimensions of peer victimization and their relations with children's psychological, social, behavioral, and academic functioning

Title of Dissertation: MULTIPLE DIMENSIONS OF PEER VICTIMIZATION AND THEIR RELATIONS WITH CHILDREN’S PSYCHOLOGICAL, SOCIAL, BEHAVIORAL, AND ACADEMIC FUNCTIONING Sarah K. Parsons, Doctor of Philosophy, 2012 Dissertation directed by: Professor Hedwig Teglasi Department of Counseling and Personnel Services This study investigated the relations among victimization and psychological, social, behavioral, and academic functioning while considering how these constructs are conceptualized and measured. Victimization was treated as a multidimensional variable that can be distinguished in terms of form (relational vs. overt), informant (self vs. teacher vs. peer report), and its overlap with aggression. Participants were 99 ethnically diverse second and third graders from the mid-Atlantic region. The observed relations between victimization and functioning were impacted by issues of informant, form, and aggression. When examining different measures of the same construct, correlations were more often statistically significant for same-informant pairs of measures compared to cross-informant pairs. Correlations between peer and teacher reports were stronger than correlations between selfand other-reports. Self-other agreement was higher for aggression than for victimization, suggesting that victimization is more individualistically experienced than aggression.
Impact of screening survey of gastric cancer on clinicopathological features and survival: retrospective study at a single institution.

BACKGROUND Detection of gastric cancer in an early stage is important to improve the prognosis of patients with gastric cancer. This study compared the clinicopathologic characteristics and surgical results in patients with asymptomatic gastric cancer detected by a screening program with those of patients with symptomatic cancer. The efficacy of 2 screening methods (barium meal and endoscopy) was also compared. METHODS The subjects included 196 patients with asymptomatic gastric cancer detected by screening (screening group) and 612 patients with symptomatic gastric cancer (nonscreening group) treated from 1979 to 1997. The screening group was subdivided into the barium meal study group (n = 150) and the endoscopic study group (n = 46). RESULTS The incidences of early gastric cancer and 5-year survival rates between the screening and nonscreening groups were 77% versus 29% (P <.0001) and 81% versus 44% (P <.0001), respectively. The endoscopic study appeared to be able to detect smaller gastric cancer in an earlier stage compared with the barium meal study, although no statistical differences in survival rate were noted between these 2 screening methods. CONCLUSIONS Screening plays an important role in detecting gastric cancer in an early stage and in potentially reducing death attributable to gastric cancer. Endoscopic screening is recommended as the best screening method.
HEVC saliency map computation

This paper investigates whether the information related to the human visual saliency is still preserved at the level of the HEVC compressed stream syntax elements. In this respect, a new saliency model, matched to the peculiarities of this emerging standard is defined. It consists of four elementary maps, describing the four main saliency features: intensity, color, orientation and motion. These maps are defined based on the energies of the luma and chroma coefficients, on the variations of the intra prediction modes and on the energy of motion vectors, respectively. They are fusioned according to 48 static and static-dynamic pooling formulas. The results are compared to three state-of-the-art uncompressed (pixel) domain as well as to the MPEG-4 AVC compressed domain saliency maps. It is brought to light that the HEVC saliency model outperforms (with singular exceptions) the state-of-the-art uncompressed domain and is as good as MPEG-4 AVC saliency model. We can thus state that, as its MPEG-4 AVC ancestor, although not designed based upon visual saliency principles, the HEVC compression standard preserves this human visual property at the level of its syntax elements
Embedded register levels and prosodic phrasing in French

Within the autosegmental-metrical theory of intonation, there is only weak evidence for the existence of the intermediate phrase (ip) for French. Our proposal is that the emergence of an intermediate prosodic level is not merely linked to a specific focus or marked syntactic structure, while predicting that an alignment constraint (ALING-XP,R; ip,R) conspires to place an ip boundary at the right edge of a maximal projection, such as at an NP/VP boundary, when the maximal projection can be parsed into at least two accentual phrases. Alos, an ip boundary appears to be signaled by prosodic cues that are stronger than the ones associated to (ip-internal) AP boundaries. The alignment between major syntactic constituents and prosodic structure appears to be signaled by a H- tone aligned at the right edge of the ip (blocking recursive downstep of ip-internal LH* rises) as well as preboundary lengthening. Finally, partial reset of the first LH* following the ip boundary is taken as evidence for an internal structuring of the Intonation Phrase.
A Soft-label Method for Noise-tolerant Distantly Supervised Relation Extraction

Distant-supervised relation extraction inevitably suffers from wrong labeling problems because it heuristically labels relational facts with knowledge bases. Previous sentence level denoise models don’t achieve satisfying performances because they use hard labels which are determined by distant supervision and immutable during training. To this end, we introduce an entity-pair level denoise method which exploits semantic information from correctly labeled entity pairs to correct wrong labels dynamically during training. We propose a joint score function which combines the relational scores based on the entity-pair representation and the confidence of the hard label to obtain a new label, namely a soft label, for certain entity pair. During training, soft labels instead of hard labels serve as gold labels. Experiments on the benchmark dataset show that our method dramatically reduces noisy instances and outperforms other state-of-the-art systems.
Reading Speed, Comprehension and Eye Movements While Reading Japanese Novels: Evidence from Untrained Readers and Cases of Speed-Reading Trainees

Background A growing body of evidence suggests that meditative training enhances perception and cognition. In Japan, the Park-Sasaki method of speed-reading involves organized visual training while forming both a relaxed and concentrated state of mind, as in meditation. The present study examined relationships between reading speed, sentence comprehension, and eye movements while reading short Japanese novels. In addition to normal untrained readers, three middle-level trainees and one high-level expert on this method were included for the two case studies. Methodology/Principal Findings In Study 1, three of 17 participants were middle-level trainees on the speed-reading method. Immediately after reading each story once on a computer monitor, participants answered true or false questions regarding the content of the novel. Eye movements while reading were recorded using an eye-tracking system. Results revealed higher reading speed and lower comprehension scores in the trainees than in the untrained participants. Furthermore, eye-tracking data by untrained participants revealed multiple correlations between reading speed, accuracy and eye-movement measures, with faster readers showing shorter fixation durations and larger saccades in X than slower readers. In Study 2, participants included a high-level expert and 14 untrained students. The expert showed higher reading speed and statistically comparable, although numerically lower, comprehension scores compared with the untrained participants. During test sessions this expert moved her eyes along a nearly straight horizontal line as a first pass, without moving her eyes over the whole sentence display as did the untrained students. Conclusions/Significance In addition to revealing correlations between speed, comprehension and eye movements in reading Japanese contemporary novels by untrained readers, we describe cases of speed-reading trainees regarding relationships between these variables. The trainees overall tended to show poor performance influenced by the speed-accuracy trade-off, although this trade-off may be reduced in the case of at least one high-level expert.
Reduced amygdalar and hippocampal size in adults with generalized social phobia.

BACKGROUND Structural and functional brain imaging studies suggest abnormalities of the amygdala and hippocampus in posttraumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder. However, structural brain imaging studies in social phobia are lacking. METHODS In total, 24 patients with generalized social phobia (GSP) and 24 healthy controls underwent 3-dimensional structural magnetic resonance imaging of the amygdala and hippocampus and a clinical investigation. RESULTS Compared with controls, GSP patients had significantly reduced amygdalar (13%) and hippocampal (8%) size. The reduction in the size of the amygdala was statistically significant for men but not women. Smaller right-sided hippocampal volumes of GSP patients were significantly related to stronger disorder severity. LIMITATIONS Our sample included only patients with the generalized subtype of social phobia. Because we excluded patients with comorbid depression, our sample may not be representative. CONCLUSION We report for the first time volumetric results in patients with GSP. Future assessment of these patients will clarify whether these changes are reversed after successful treatment and whether they predict treatment response.
Emotional responsivity in people high and low in trait positive affect

Previous research has shown that individuals who report high levels of Trait Positive Affect (TPA) experience better mental and physical health outcomes than individuals low in TPA. The current study examined emotional responsivity in forty-five undergraduates who scored either high or low in trait positive affect. Participants’ reactions to emotional stimuli were assessed in two phases, a startle testing phase in which affective modulation of startle was assessed while participants viewed emotional pictures, and a picture rating phase in which participants rated the pictures on dimensions of valence and arousal. Affective modulation of startle results revealed that for the high TPA group, emotional responses were significantly stronger to negative pictures compared to neutral or positive pictures. In contrast, those in the low TPA group responded equally to the three picture types. Results for the picture-rating phase revealed that the high TPA group rated negative pictures as more arousing than the low TPA group, but all other ratings were comparable between the groups. Overall, the results of this study indicate that people with high trait positive affect display a heightened emotional reaction to negative stimuli, as seen by self-rated arousal and affective modulation of startle. These results suggest several directions for future research that may further increase understanding of the protective nature of trait positive affect.
On the Broadcast Capacity of Wireless Networks With Cooperative Relays

A fundamental problem in wireless networks is determining the broadcast capacity, i.e., the maximum data transfer rate from a given node to every other node in a relay network. This paper studies the scaling of the broadcast capacity for a network with a single source and N destinations, of which f(N) are randomly selected to also act as relays. In high-density networks (i.e., the node density goes to infinity; the network area is fixed), it is shown that the broadcast capacity is upper bounded by Θ(log f(N)). Schemes are provided that achieve i) Θ(log f(N)) throughput if the channel fading is spatially continuous; ii) Θ(log log f(N)) throughput if the channel fading is spatially i.i. d. For extended networks (i.e., the node density is fixed; the network area goes to infinity), the broadcast capacity is upper bounded by Θ(1) under channel models with fading and path-loss exponent α > 2. A multistage cooperative broadcasting scheme, which achieves Θ(1) broadcast rate for the high-density extended networks with pathloss channel model is proposed. These results quantifies the gains obtained due to cooperation compared to multihop noncooperative broadcasting, which has a maximum rate that scales as Θ(1) for high-density and Θ(1/(log f(N))α/2) for extended networks.
Usefulness of fractional flow reserve to predict clinical outcome after balloon angioplasty.

BACKGROUND After regular coronary balloon angioplasty, it would be helpful to identify those patients who have a low cardiac event rate. Coronary angiography alone is not sensitive enough for that purpose, but it has been suggested that the combination of optimal angiographic and optimal functional results indicates a low restenosis chance. Pressure-derived myocardial fractional flow reserve (FFR) is an index of the functional severity of the residual epicardial lesion and could be useful for that purpose. METHODS AND RESULTS In 60 consecutive patients with single-vessel disease, balloon angioplasty was performed by use of a pressure instead of a regular guide wire. Both quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) and measurement of FFR were performed 15 minutes after the procedure. A successful angioplasty result, defined as a residual diameter stenosis (DS) <50%, was achieved in 58 patients. In these patients, DS and FFR, measured 15 minutes after PTCA, were analyzed in relation to clinical outcome. In those 26 patients with both optimal angiographic (residual DS by QCA </=35%) and optimal functional (FFR >/=0.90) results, event-free survival rates at 6, 12, and 24 months were 92+/-5%, 92+/-5%, and 88+/-6%, respectively, versus 72+/-8%, 69+/-8%, and 59+/-9%, respectively, in the remaining 32 patients in whom the angiographic or functional result or both were suboptimal (P=0.047, P=0.028, and P=0.014, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In patients with a residual DS </=35% and FFR >/=0.90, clinical outcome up to 2 years is excellent. Therefore, there is a complementary value of coronary angiography and coronary pressure measurement in the evaluation of PTCA result.
Vestibular Adaptations Induced by Gentle Physical Activity Are Reduced Among Older Women

The aim of this study was to compare the ability of older individuals to maintain an efficient upright stance in contexts of vestibular sensory manipulation, according to their physical activity status. Two groups of healthy older women (aged over 65) free from any disorders (i.e., neurological, motor and metabolic disorders) and vestibular disturbances, participated in this study. One group comprised participants who regularly practiced gentle physical activities, i.e., soft gym, aquarobic, active walking, ballroom dancing (active group, age: 73.4 (5.8) years, n = 17), and one group comprised participants who did not practice physical activities (non-active group, age: 73.7 (8.1) years, n = 17). The postural control of the two groups was compared in a bipedal reference condition with their eyes open and two vestibular sensory manipulation conditions (i.e., bipolar binaural galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) at 3 mA, in accordance with two designs). The main results indicate that there was no difference between the active and the non-active groups in all the conditions. It is likely that the aging process and the type of physical practice had limited the ability of the active group to counteract the effects of vestibular sensory manipulation on postural control more efficiently than the non-active group.
Gastric mucosal histamine and histamine methyltransferase in patients with duodenal ulcer

(HMT)havebeenmeasuredingastric mucosa from110patients withduodenal ulcer and62control subjects. Bothantral andfundic mucosa hadsimilar levels ofHMT activity despite antral mucosa containing significantly less histamine. Patients withduodenal ulcer hadsignificantly lowerlevels offundic mucosal HMT activity andlower concentrations offundic mucosal histamine thancontrol subjects. Anadditional finding was that men whowerecigarette smokers hadsignificantly lower concentrations offundic mucosal histamine (butnotHMT) thannon-smokers and,as there was an excessofcigarette smokers among patients withduodenal ulcer, this may betheexplanation forthereduced concentrations offundic mucosal histamine inthese patients. Histamine haslongbeenknowntobeapotent gastric secretagoguel anditspotential significance inthe physiological control ofgastric secretion hasbeen emphasised bytherecent finding thathistamine H2-receptor antagonist drugs inhibit gastric secretion2 andwill accelerate thehealing ofduodenal ulcers in man3.Despite this, therole ofhistamine inthepathogenesis ofduodenal ulcer remains little understood andcomparisons ofgastric mucosal histamine in duodenal ulcer patients andcontrol subjects havegiven conflicting results4 5.We havetherefore studied histamine andits principal metabolising enzyme, histamine methyltransferase