Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reflecting on a decade of religion studies implementation in the FET Phase 1 : Case study of Gauteng, South Africa

Post-Apartheid South Africa witnessed a major shift from Christian National Education to a multi-religion educational approach that sought to treat all religions within an impartial academic context. The National Policy on Religion Education (2003) provided the framework in which the objectives of a multi-religion education found its expression in Life Orientation (Grades R-12) and more fully in the Further Education and Training (FET) Phase with Religion Studies as a subject for Grades 10-12. Through this curriculum transformation, the State aimed to conscientize students to the religious diversity and topical issues within the country, and thereby contribute to the transformation of civil society leading to the materialization of ideal citizens within a democratic society. A decade later while Religion Studies has found a familiar footing among students nationally (i.e. with an increase in student participation in the National Senior Certificate Examinations), concerns on the implementation of the subject are being raised by the Department of Basic Education. Based on a collaborative research initiative with the Gauteng Department of Basic Education (GDBE), this paper aims to explore the challenges confronting educators with the implementation of Religion Studies. Drawing on a cross-sectional survey using questionnaires as a data collection method, this paper analyses the responses of 19 participants (n = 19), comprising Religion Studies educators and Subject Advisors in Gauteng Province. The paper concludes with the following findings: (1) a notable lack of qualifications and experience; (2) a gap in conceptual clarity of the subject; (3) a lack of adequate content and teaching materials; (4) the absence of critical pedagogical, assessment and moderation skills; (5) need for career advocacy; (6) need for national support; and (7) the need for professional development. Keywords : Religion Studies, curriculum transformation, implementation challenges, pedagogy skills, assessment and moderation, religious literacy
Optimisation of the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Blood Cells with a Neutral Protease

For utilizing the blood cells (BCs) effectively, enzymatic hydrolysis was applied to produce the enzymatically hydrolyzed blood cells (EHBCs) by using a neutral protease as a catalyst. The results of the single-factor experiments showed optimal substrate concentration, enzyme to substrate ratio (E/S), pH, temperature, and incubation period were 1.00%, 0.10, 7.00, 50.00°C, and 12.00 h, respectively. The optimized hydrolysis conditions from response surface methodology (RSM) were pH 6.50, E/S 0.11, temperature 45.00°C, and incubation period 12.00 h. Under these conditions (substrate concentration 1.00%), the degree of hydrolysis (DH) was 35.06%. The free amino acids (FAAs) content of the EHBCs (35.24%) was 40.46 times higher than BCs while the total amino acids (TAAs) content was lower than BCs. The scores of lysine (human 0.87; pig 0.97), valine (human 1.42; pig 1.38), leucine (human 1.50; pig 1.90), tyrosine (human 0.84; pig 1.09), and histidine (human 2.17; pig 2.50) indicated that the EHBCs basically fulfilled the adult human and pig nutritional requirements. The calculated protein efficiency ratios (C-PERs) of the EHBCs were 3.94, 6.19, 21.73, and 2.04. In summary, the EHBCs were produced successfully with optimized conditions and could be a novel protein source for humans and pigs.
Transmission line model with X-circuit for a metamaterial layer made of pairs of dogbone-shaped planar conductors

In this paper we analyze the propagation through a metamaterial in planar technology recently proposed. The metamaterial basic constituent cell consists of a pair of tightly coupled conductors that supports two main resonance modes corresponding to either a symmetric or an antisymmetric current distribution in the pair. We present an equivalent X-shaped lumped circuit network to be interposed in the transmission line (TL) model of propagation across a metamaterial layer to reproduce its electric and magnetic resonances. We show that reflection and transmission features of a periodic array of dogbone pairs as well as its dispersion diagram are accurately predicted by this simple but effective model.
Relational Pattern and Subgroup Discovery in CAD documents

In our recent work [1], we have dealt with frequent pattern discovery in CAD designs using a novel approach to integration of hierarchical background knowledge to relational data mining. This paper extends the previous work by applying the methodology of subgroup discovery which first seeks frequent structural patterns in CAD designs and then discovers interesting (large and class-biased) design subgroups defined in terms of the frequent patterns its members contain. Besides the two mentioned kinds of data mining results, further categories of patterns will be required to mine in the present application domain. The large amount of generated results of each kind calls for establishing an efficient pattern management and search functionality. For this purpose we elaborate an ontology of relational data mining results.
Hot Data-Aware FTL Based on Page-Level Address Mapping

The development of flash memory drives flash based SSD to enter into large-scale storage systems. The performance of SSD is highly dependent on the design of FTL. For the last few years, several FTL schemes have been proposed. Such as FAST, BAST, SAST etc. we design a novel FTL based on page-level mapping scheme. Since one of the major troubles of page-level mapping FTL is the unendurable memory consuming of the fine-grained mapping table. We propose a dedicated cache replacement policy called SRC to mitigate the memory pressure. Our FTL based on SRC is able to distinguish hot data from the cold. This capability highlights the garbage collection efficiency of page-level mapping schemes. As a result, the hot data-aware FTL reduces extra read/write operations by 10 times or more compared with FAST and BAST. As our FTL erases less blocks, the lifetime of SSD is extended by more than 30%. Further experiment shows that the hot data-aware FTL outperforms hybrid-level FTLs on workloads with varied read/write ratios.
Mutational scanning reveals the determinants of protein insertion and association energetics in the plasma membrane

Insertion of helix-forming segments into the membrane and their association determines the structure, function, and expression levels of all plasma membrane proteins. However, systematic and reliable quantification of membrane-protein energetics has been challenging. We developed a deep mutational scanning method to monitor the effects of hundreds of point mutations on helix insertion and self-association within the bacterial inner membrane. The assay quantifies insertion energetics for all natural amino acids at 27 positions across the membrane, revealing that the hydrophobicity of biological membranes is significantly higher than appreciated. We further quantitate the contributions to membrane-protein insertion from positively charged residues at the cytoplasm-membrane interface and reveal large and unanticipated differences among these residues. Finally, we derive comprehensive mutational landscapes in the membrane domains of Glycophorin A and the ErbB2 oncogene, and find that insertion and self-association are strongly coupled in receptor homodimers. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.12125. 001
Late fusion of compact composite descriptors for retrieval from heterogeneous image databases

Compact composite descriptors (CCDs) are global image features, capturing more than one types of information at the same time in a very compact representation. Their quality has so far been evaluated in retrieval from several homogeneous databases containing images of only the type that each CCD is intended for, and has been found better than other descriptors in the literature such as the MPEG-7 descriptors. In this study, we consider heterogeneous databases and investigate query-time fusion techniques for CCDs. The results show that fusion is beneficial, even with simple score normalization and combination methods due to the compatibility of the score distributions produced by the CCDs considered.
Comparing turbulent parameters obtained from LITOS and radiosonde measurements

Abstract. Stratospheric turbulence is important for the mixing of trace species and the energy balance, but direct measurements are sparse due to the required resolution and accuracy. Recently, turbulence parameters such as the energy dissipation rate e were inferred from standard radiosonde data by means of a Thorpe analysis. To this end, layers with vertically decreasing potential temperature are analysed, which is expected to indicate turbulence. Such an application assumes a proportionality between the Thorpe length LT and the Ozmidov scale LO. While this relation is accepted for the ocean, experimental evidence for such proportionality in the stratosphere is sparse. We have developed a high-resolution (8 kHz) turbulence measurement system called LITOS (Leibniz Institute Turbulence Observations in the Stratosphere), which for the first time resolves the inner scale of turbulence in the stratosphere. Therewith the energy dissipation rate e can be determined by spectral analysis. This independent value for e enables us to check the relation LO p LT. In our measurements no such proportionality can be seen, although the mean of the ratio LO/LT is close to what is assumed in radiosonde analyses. Dissipation rates for individual layers obtained from radiosondes deviate up to a factor of ~3000 from those obtained by spectral analysis. Some turbulent layers measured by LITOS are not observed by the radiosonde at all, and vice versa. However, statements about the statistical mean seem to be possible by Thorpe analysis.
For Better, For Worse: Discrepancies between Implicit and Explicit Evaluations in Newlywed Marriage

During the early years of marriage, newlyweds may suppress or deny nascent doubts about their marriage in order to maintain a sense of security and justify their commitment. These circumstances may promote divergence between automatic evaluative reactions (implicit attitudes) and self-reported relationship satisfaction. This form of ambivalence may both signify emerging disillusionment and directly influence relationship functioning. The current research explored the nature of discrepancies between implicit and explicit evaluations in the context of newlywed marriage using intensive longitudinal methods and dyadic data from a sample of 175 newlywed couples. Hypotheses focused on consequences of discrepancies between implicit and explicit evaluations and the degree to which discrepancies are associated with factors that affect spouses’ motivation or ability to openly accept (rather than defensively deny or suppress) automatic evaluative reactions. Results indicated that implicit and explicit evaluations tended to be more congruent for those relatively high in attachment anxiety and for those relatively low in attachment avoidance, dispositional mindfulness, and self-esteem. Results also highlighted several ways in which discrepant evaluations may influence relationship functioning. Discrepancies between implicit and explicit evaluations were associated with greater variability in relationship satisfaction, greater reactivity to a spouse’s daily negative behavior, and relatively steeper declines in relationship satisfaction over time. Overall, results suggest that congruence between implicit and explicit evaluations may reflect motivational processes and may have implications for long-term relationship functioning.
Synchronic change in a multidialectal Spanish community

Recent developments in linguistic theory have successfully reconciled diachronic syntactic change (Biberauer & Roberts, 2006; Breibarth, Lucas, & Willis, 2008; Roberts, 2007) and intra-speaker variation (Adger & Smith, 2005, 2010; Henry, 1995; Barbiers, 2005) with Minimalist models of the language faculty. Cases of L1 attrition, however, whereby morphosyntactic properties in stable adult grammars undergo change, remain unaccounted for by Minimalist theory. Using evidence from the realisation of null and postverbal subjects in the grammar of two groups of native Spanish speakers in different bilingual settings, (Miami and the U.K.) we demonstrate that L1 attrition in language contact situations can similarly be accommodated within Minimalist theory, driven by changes to the lexical feature specifications of functional categories (Adger & Smith, 2010; Gallego, 2011; Holmberg, 2010).
Heterogeneous ensemble approach with discriminative features and modified-SMOTEbagging for pre-miRNA classification

An ensemble classifier approach for microRNA precursor (pre-miRNA) classification was proposed based upon combining a set of heterogeneous algorithms including support vector machine (SVM), k-nearest neighbors (kNN) and random forest (RF), then aggregating their prediction through a voting system. Additionally, the proposed algorithm, the classification performance was also improved using discriminative features, self-containment and its derivatives, which have shown unique structural robustness characteristics of pre-miRNAs. These are applicable across different species. By applying preprocessing methods—both a correlation-based feature selection (CFS) with genetic algorithm (GA) search method and a modified-Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique (SMOTE) bagging rebalancing method—improvement in the performance of this ensemble was observed. The overall prediction accuracies obtained via 10 runs of 5-fold cross validation (CV) was 96.54%, with sensitivity of 94.8% and specificity of 98.3%—this is better in trade-off sensitivity and specificity values than those of other state-of-the-art methods. The ensemble model was applied to animal, plant and virus pre-miRNA and achieved high accuracy, >93%. Exploiting the discriminative set of selected features also suggests that pre-miRNAs possess high intrinsic structural robustness as compared with other stem loops. Our heterogeneous ensemble method gave a relatively more reliable prediction than those using single classifiers. Our program is available at http://ncrna-pred.com/premiRNA.html.
Identifying Media Frames and Frame Dynamics Within and Across Policy Issues

Framing is a central concept in political communication and a powerful political tool. Understanding what frames are used to dene specic issues and also what general patterns are evidenced by the evolution of frames over time is hugely important. It is also a serious challenge, thanks to the volume of text data, the dynamic nature of language, and the variance in applicable frames across issues (e.g., the ‘innocence’ frame of the death penalty debate is not used in discussing smoking bans). We describe a project that advances framing research methodology in two ways. First, we are developing a unied coding scheme for content analysis across issues, whereby issue-specic frames (e.g., innocence) are nested within high-level dimensions (or frame types) that cross-cut issues (e.g., fairness); we are validating this coding scheme by applying it to news coverage of immigration, same-sex marriage, and smoking/tobacco in the United States over the course of the past twenty-three years. Second, we are developing methods for semi-automated and automated frame discovery aimed at both replicating manual coding and isolating patterns of frame evolution that might not be readily visible to human inspection. Our goal is to employ strategies heavily informed by existing work in natural language processing, but tailored to the specic needs and professional sensibilities of political communications scholars.
Understanding individual compassion in organizations: the role of appraisals and psychological flexibility

To enhance compassion in organizations, the processes by which compassion can be enhanced in individuals must be understood. We develop an expanded model of the components of compassionate responding that includes noticing, appraising, feeling, and acting. Using this model, we propose that psychological flexibility (mindfulness combined with values-directed action) contributes to enhancing the perceptual, cognitive, affective, and behavioral aspects of compassion. Specifically, mindfulness processes support the capacity to be compassionate while values processes motivate effort to engage in compassionate action. Training in psychological flexibility should be considered as one element of programs designed to increase organizational compassion.
Pre-Post Demographic Study of Child-Centered Play Therapy for Students With Highly Disruptive Behavior in High-Poverty Schools

As a follow-up to a controlled comparison study of child-centered play therapy (CCPT) for students with highly disruptive behavior in high-poverty schools (Cochran & Cochran, in press), this study considers changes from pretreatment to posttreatment across nine school weeks of CCPT for all served students (regardless of control period), yielding evidence of significant improvement and large effect sizes, and a large enough sample to investigate possible demographic differences. While main effects were found for ethnicity and gender, with students from minority ethnicities in the data set (African American, Hispanic, and Native American) having higher means in externalizing behavior than students from the majority ethnicity in the data set (Caucasian), and girls having lower means in externalizing and higher means in internalizing than boys, no differences in rates of progress were found for ethnicity, gender, or age for each of the five dependent variables, supporting evidence of the wide ranging applicability and cultural sensitivity of CCPT.
Transient Phenomena and Time-Dependent Resonance Self-Action in Phase-Modulated Laser Beams

Transient behaviour of a phase-modulated laser beam in a two-level saturable absorber is studied basing of full spatio-temporal scalar numerical model. Joint effect of delayed self-focusing and transient response of the medium are shown to manifest themselves most clearly in the dependence of the output intensity of the beam upon its input instantaneous frequency, which is most relevant in spectroscopic measurements.
Autonomous detection of different walking tasks using end point foot trajectory vertical displacement data

Identifying different activities during walking is a key requirement for ubiquitous gait monitoring, particularly when engineering new falls prevention solutions. In this study, 5 healthy young individuals (aged 26 ± 2 years old) completed 6 different tasks (a) walking with preferred walking speed (PWS), (b) walking with 10 % increment in the PWS, (c) walking while holding a glass of water at self selected walking speed (PWSW), (d) walking normally without the glass of water at the same speed as in condition c (PWSW), (e) walking while wearing a pair of occlusion goggles at a different self selected speed (PWSG), and (f) walking normally, without the occlusion goggles at the same walking speed as in condition e (PWSG). Each participant carried out 5 minutes of walking for each condition on a motorized treadmill. Toe displacement data was collected using highly accurate 3D motion capture system. The standard statistical analysis shows a noticeable difference in gait kinematics collected at different walking speeds (a, d, and f). However the differences are insignificant for the conditions which were carried out at the same walking speed, though multitasking was involved (c vs. d and e vs. f). We propose an intelligent automatic gait classification system for identifying different walking activities at the same walking speed. This brings insight to gait variability due to different everyday activities and the results demonstrated that the advanced classifier was able to detect subtle variations, which were not significant in basic statistical analysis.
Argument-DrivenInquiry (ADI): The Way to Develop Junior High School Student's Argumentation Skills in Science Learning

Argumentation skills or the skills of making the argument on the process of learning science is required for the development of the concept and practicing how to think about a concept that is so that the students can find the fact, concept and other things related to whole science in students’ long-term memory. But the result of argumentation every students are different. It is depend on academic level of students. There are higher acheiver and lower acheiver. The argumentation skills inboth of classes are not develop very well because several teachers who did not provide an opportunity to the students to give the opinion of the knowledge. Based on the issue, this research purposes is to investigate the argumentation skills improvement on both of classes with different academic level by applying learning model based on the argument that is Argument-Driven Inquiry (ADI) in science learning. The method of this research is used quasi experiment method with the matching-only pretest-posttest comparison group design. Research subject are junior high school students from State Junior High School inIndramayu grades VII. VII-B can be called unggulan class because all students are high achiever, while VIIH is regular class because the students in this class are come from middle-lower achiever. The result of this research shows thatthe argumentation skills in both of classes are developed to the positive ways. The average N-gain value for whole result written argumentation skills in unggulan class has high improvement criteria (0.73)and regular class has middleimprovement criteria (0.58). Aspect of written argumentation skills improvement in both of classes has different result. All the improvement criteria result for written argumentation skills aspect in unggulan class has outperformed than regular class, except warrant aspect both classes has the lowest value among other aspect with middle criteria. Dialogic argumentation skills result alsohas better development for unggulan class rather than regular class. Even though the result shows like that, it can be conclude by implementing learning model ADI, student’s argumentation in written or dialogic can be developed to the positive ways. Keywords—ADI; Argumentation Skill; Science Learning; Academic Level
Scale-Invariant Extinction Time Estimates for Some Singular Diffusion Equations

We study three singular parabolic evolutions: the second-order total variation ow, the fourth-order total variation ow, and a fourth-order surface diusion law. Each has the property that the solution becomes identically zero in nite time. We prove scale-invariant estimates for the extinction time, using a simple argument which combines an energy estimate with a suitable Sobolev-type inequality.
Social dominance hierarchy and the pride–shame system

ABSTRACT The emotions of pride and shame occur as adaptive reactions to high and low status in social dominance hierarchies. We argue that pride and shame are secondary emotions that comprise anger and joy, and fear and sadness. After considering dominance, proto-pride, and proto-shame in animals, we present a theoretical model showing that, for humans, pride and shame are elicited by oppositely valenced experiences of authority-ranked and communally shared social relations. Using pride and shame as criterion variables, we test two models through analysis of a corpus of 563 life-historical interviews with Australian Aborigines and Euro-Australians. The results of covariance-structure analyses support these hypothesized causal models.