Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enumeration of Planar Constellations

The enumeration of transitive ordered factorizations of a given permutation is a combinatorial problem related to singularity theory. Let n? 1, and let ? 0 be a permutation of Sn having di cycles of length i, for i? 1. Let m? 2. We prove that the number of m-tuples (? 1,? ,? m) of permutation of Sn such that? ···? =? ,? the group generated by ? ,? ,? acts transitively on {1,2,? ,},? (? )=(? 1)+2, where (? ) denotes the number of cycles of ? A one-to-one correspondence relates these m-tuples to some rooted planar maps, which we call constellations and enumerate via a bijection with some bicolored trees. For m=2, we recover a formula of Tutte for the number of Eulerian maps. The proof relies on the idea that maps are conjugacy classes of trees and extends the method previously applied to Eulerian maps by the second author. Our result might remind the reader of an old theorem of Hurwitz, giving the number of m-tuples of transpositions satisfying the above conditions. Indeed, we show that our result implies Hurwitz' theorem. We also briefly discuss its implications for the enumeration of nonequivalent coverings of the sphere.
A case cohort study of suicide in relation to exposure to electric and magnetic fields among electrical utility workers.

OBJECTIVES--This case cohort study examines whether there is an association between exposure to electric and magnetic fields and suicide in a population of 21,744 male electrical utility workers from the Canadian Province of Québec. METHODS--49 deaths from suicide were identified between 1970 and 1988 and a subcohort was selected comprising a 1% random sample from this cohort as a basis for risk estimation. Cumulative and current exposures to electric fields, magnetic fields, and pulsed electromagnetic fields (as recorded by the POSITRON meter) were estimated for the subcohort and cases through a job exposure matrix. Two versions of each of these six indices were calculated, one based on the arithmetic mean (AM), and one on the geometric mean (GM) of field strengths. RESULTS--For cumulative exposure, rate ratios (RR) for all three fields showed mostly small non-significant increases in the medium and high exposure groups. The most increased risk was found in the medium exposure group for the GM of the electric field (RR = 2.76, 95% CI 1.15-6.62). The results did not differ after adjustment for socioeconomic state, alcohol use, marital state, and mental disorders. There was a little evidence for an association of risk with exposure immediately before the suicide. CONCLUSION--Some evidence for an association between suicide and cumulative exposure to the GM of the electric fields was found. This specific index was not initially identified as the most relevant index, but rather emerged afterwards as showing the most positive association with suicide among the 10 indices studied. Thus the evidence from this study for a causal association between exposure to electric fields and suicide is weak. Small sample size (deaths from suicide) and inability to control for all potential confounding factors were the main limitations of this study.
Replicating phages in the epidermal mucosa of the eel (Anguilla anguilla)

In this work, we used the eel (Anguilla anguilla) as an animal model to test the hypothesis of Barr et al. (2013a,b) about the putative role of the epidermal mucosa as a phage enrichment layer. To this end, we analyzed the microbial content of the skin mucus of wild and farmed eels by using a metagenomic approach. We found a great abundance of replicating phage genomes (concatemers) in all the samples. They were assembled in four complete genomes of three Myovirus and one Podovirus. We also found evidences that ΦKZ and Podovirus phages could be part of the resident microbiota associated to the eel mucosal surface and persist on them over the time. Moreover, the viral abundance estimated by epiflorescent counts and by metagenomic recruitment from eel mucosa was higher than that of the surrounding water. Taken together, our results support the hypothesis that claims a possible role of phages in the animal mucus as agents controlling bacterial populations, including pathogenic species, providing a kind of innate immunity.
The Aetiological Spectrum of Pancytopenia - A Three Year Clinico-Hematological Study.

Background: Pancytopenia is a common hematological problem in clinical practice. It is not by itself a specific disease but a triad of hematological findings resulting from number of disease processes involving the bone marrow. The severity and the underlying pathology of pancytopenia determines the management and prognosis of the patient. The present study has been undertaken to find out the various causes of pancytopenia by the evaluation of bone marrow findings, so that the data will help the clinicians in the better management of patients. Materials and methods: The study was conducted in the hematology unit of Department of Pathology, KIMS , Bhubaneswar. It was a three year prospective study ( JAN 2013 – DEC 2015) of 92 cases of pancytopenia and included patients of all age groups. Clinical examination, hematological findings, bone marrow aspiration & biopsy findings were evaluated. Results: 92 cases of pancytopenia included patients of age ranging from 3 years to 77years.There were 48 males & 44 females with a male to female ratio of 1.1 : 1. Most common cause of pancytopenia was found to be megaloblastic anemia in 45 cases ( 48.9%) followed by hypoplastic marrow in 14 cases (15.2%). Among the neoplastic causes of pancytopenia, ALL was the most common (7cases, 7.6 %). Conclusion: We conclude that detailed hematological investigations along with bone marrow aspiration and bone marrow biopsy as an adjunct can be very helpful to diagnose and rule out various causes of pancytopenia.
Impact of Social Mobility on Routing Protocols for Opportunistic Networks

Opportunistic networks are wireless mobile networks in which a continuous end-to-end path between a source and a destination is not necessary. Messages are stored at intermediate nodes, and opportunistically forwarded when a more suitable next hop towards the destination becomes available. A very interesting aspect is understanding how users' mobility patterns impact on the performance of routing protocols. Starting from this motivation, in this paper we take into consideration group mobility models, whose movement patterns have shown to be remarkably similar to real-world user movements. We consider routing protocols representative of a broad range of schemes, and highlight the impact of users social relationships and movement patterns on the protocols' performance.
Relative Performance of Lindgren Multiple-Funnel, Intercept Panel, and Colossus Pipe Traps in Catching Cerambycidae and Associated Species in the Southeastern United States

ABSTRACT In 2004, we evaluated the relative performance of 8-unit Lindgren multiple-funnel (funnel), Intercept panel (panel), and Colossus pipe (pipe) traps, baited with ethanol and &agr;-pinene lures, in catching saproxylic beetles (Coleoptera) in pine stands in northern Florida and western South Carolina. Panel traps were as good as, if not better than, funnel and pipe traps for catching Cerambycidae. In particular, more Monochamus titillator (F.) were captured in panel traps than in pipe and funnel traps. Of three species of Buprestidae captured in our study, most Buprestis lineata F. were caught in panel traps, whereas most Acmaeodera tubulus (F.) were caught in funnel traps. Catches of Chalcophora virginiensis Drury and the root-feeding weevils Hylobius pales Herbst and Pachylobius picivorus LeConte (Curculionidae) were unaffected by trap type. Among bark beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae), catches of Ips grandicollis (Eichhoff) were unaffected by trap type, whereas most Dendroctonus terebrans (Olivier) were caught in panel traps, most Hylastes salebrosus Eichhoff were caught in panel and pipe traps, and most Hylastes tenuis Eichhoff were caught in funnel traps. Among ambrosia beetles (Curculionidae: Scolytinae), panel traps caught the most Xyleborinus saxesenii (Ratzeburg), whereas pipe traps caught the most Xyleborus Eichhoff spp. More Xylosandrus crassiusculus (Motschulsky) and Dryoxylon onoharaensis (Murayama) were caught in panel and funnel traps than in pipe traps. Among bark beetle predators, more Platysoma Leach spp. (Histeridae) were caught in pipe and panel traps than in funnel traps, whereas most Lasconotus Erichson spp. (Zopheridae) were caught in funnel traps. Variation among trap performance for various species suggests that managers should consider more than one type of trap in their detection programs.
Genetics and Salt Modulate Renal Responses to Atrial Natriuretic Factor

We examined the consequences of genetic susceptibility or resistance to NaCl-induced hypertension and of prior salt loading (high or low NaCl intake) on the responses of isolated perfused Dahl salt-sensitive (DS) and Dahl salt-resistant rat (DR) kidneys to atriopeptin II. Atriopeptin II increased the glomerular filtration rate only in kidneys from high NaCWed rats, irrespective of their DS or DR status. Superimposition of norepinephrine on atriopeptin II further increased the glomerular filtration rate only in kidneys from low NaCWed rats (which had not reacted to atriopeptin II alone), irrespective of their DS or DR status, and did not change the glomerular nitration rate of high Nad-fed rats. Norepinephrine alone, without atriopeptin II, uniformly decreased the glomerular filtration rate by about 80%. Atriopeptin II increased sodium excretion of high NaCl and low NaCl DR kidneys by more than five times as much as in the corresponding DS kidneys. Therefore, the glomerular filtration rate response to atriopeptin II varied globally with dietary NaCl, independently of genetic predisposition or resistance to NaCl-induced hypertension. The natriuretic response to atriopeptin II was blunted in kidneys from rats genetically susceptible to NaCl-induced hypertension, independently of their NaCl consumption. Atriopeptin II also ameliorated or reversed the adverse effect of norepinephrine on the glomerular filtration rate.
Is an unhealthy work environment in nursing home care for people with dementia associated with the prescription of psychotropic drugs and physical restraints?

ABSTRACT Background: Research showed that long-term care facilities differ widely in the use of psychotropic drugs and physical restraints. The aim of this study is to investigate whether characteristics of an unhealthy work environment in facilities for people with dementia are associated with more prescription of psychotropic drugs and physical restraints. Methods: Data were derived from the first wave (2008–2009) of a national monitoring study in the Netherlands. This paper used data on prescription of psychotropic drugs and physical restraints from 111 long-term care facilities, residing 4,796 residents. Survey data of a sample of 996 staff and 1,138 residents were considered. The number of residents with prescribed benzodiazepines and anti-psychotic drugs, and physical restraints were registered. Work environment was assessed using the Leiden Quality of Work Questionnaire (LQWQ). Results: Logistic regression analyses showed that more supervisor support was associated with less prescription of benzodiazepines. Coworker support was found to be related to less prescription of deep chairs. Job demands and decision authority were not found to be predictors of psychotropic drugs and physical restraints. Conclusions: Staff's job characteristics were scarcely related to the prescription of psychotropic drugs and physical restraints. This finding indicates that in facilities with an unhealthy work environment for nursing staff, one is not more likely to prescribe drugs or restraints. Further longitudinal research is needed with special attention for multidisciplinary decision making – especially role of physician, staff's knowledge, philosophy of care and institutional policy to gain further insight into factors influencing the use of psychotropic drugs and restraints.
Neuropsychological impairment in Parkinson's disease with and without depression.

OBJECTIVES To compare quantitative and qualitative aspects of neuropsychological test performance in patients with Parkinson's disease who currently had depression (PDD) and those without depression (PDN) so as to evaluate the influence of depression on cognition in Parkinson's disease. DESIGN Cross-sectional comparisons among PDN, PDD, and normal control (NC) groups. The setting was a neurodegenerative disease research center in a teaching hospital. Groups consisted of 44 patients with PDN and 44 patients with PDD matched for age, education, gender, age at onset of disease, disease duration, and disease severity; a group of 44 NC subjects matched for age, education, and gender; and a second set of comparisons between 15 patients with PDN and 15 patients with PDD also matched for overall severity of cognitive impairment. MEASURES The neuropsychological measures used were the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale, Beck Depression Inventory, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, Controlled Oral Word Association Test, Logical Memory subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-Revised, Digit Span subtest of the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised, and the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination's Animal Naming test and Boston Naming Test. RESULTS Relative to the NC group, both PDN and PDD groups demonstrated impairments in immediate and delayed verbal recall, semantic fluency, and problem solving. When PDN and PDD groups were matched for demographic and disease variables, only the PDD group evidenced impairment relative to NC in visual confrontation naming, and in lexical and semantic fluency. In addition, impairments on immediate recall and semantic fluency in the PDD group were more pronounced than those in the PDN group. However, when PDN and PDD groups were also matched for overall severity of cognitive impairment, no significant differences emerged among the two groups' neuropsychological test performances. CONCLUSIONS Depression exacerbates some memory and language impairments associated with PD, even when the PDN and PDD groups are matched for demographic and disease variables. However, the extent and pattern of cognitive impairment is similar in PDN and PDD when the groups are also matched also for overall severity of cognitive impairment. Depression influences the quantity rather than the quality of cognitive impairment associated with Parkinson's disease.
VitaPad: visualization tools for the analysis of pathway data

MOTIVATION Packages that support the creation of pathway diagrams are limited by their inability to be readily extended to new classes of pathway-related data. RESULTS VitaPad is a cross-platform application that enables users to create and modify biological pathway diagrams and incorporate microarray data with them. It improves on existing software in the following areas: (i) It can create diagrams dynamically through graph layout algorithms. (ii) It is open-source and uses an open XML format to store data, allowing for easy extension or integration with other tools. (iii) It features a cutting-edge user interface with intuitive controls, high-resolution graphics and fully customizable appearance. AVAILABILITY http://bioinformatics.med.yale.edu CONTACTS matthew.holford@yale.edu; hongyu.zhao@yale.edu.
An Efficient XPath Query Processor for XML Streams

Streaming XPath evaluation algorithms must record a potentially exponential number of pattern matches when both predicates and descendant axes are present in queries, and the XML data is recursive. In this paper, we use a compact data structure to encode these pattern matches rather than storing them explicitly. We then propose a polynomial time streaming algorithm to evaluate XPath queries by probing the data structure in a lazy fashion. Extensive experiments show that our approach not only has a good theoretical complexity bound but is also efficient in practice.
Pulmonary blood volume in hemorrhagic shock in the dog and primate.

ABEL,FRANCIS L. , JOHN A. WALDHAUSEN, WALTER J. DALY, AND WILLIAM L. PEARCE. Pulmonury blood volume in hemorrhagic shock in the dog and primate. Am. J. Physiol. 213 (5): 1072-1078. 1967-Pulmonary blood volume, vascular resistance, and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide were compared in the baboon and the dog during experimental hemorrhagic shock. Control pulmonary blood volume represented a larger proportion (6.8%) of total blood volume in the monkey than in the dog (5.4%) associated with greater pulmonary vascular resistance. Proportional decreases in volume occurred in both species during hemorrhagic and postinfusion shock, accompanied by increased resistance. Pulmonary diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide decreased during the bleeding and postinfusion periods, paralleling the decrease in pulmonary arterial and left atria1 pressures. No evidence was found for significant pooling of blood in the pulmonary vascular system. The baboon sho\Yed a significant decrease in 1311: measured blood volume during the later portions of the postinfusion phase. Total systemic resistance failed to increase in the dog experiments.
Topology of small-world networks of protein?Cprotein complex structures

UNLABELLED The majority of real examples of small-world networks exhibit a power law distribution of edges among the nodes, therefore not fitting into the wiring model proposed by Watts and Strogatz. However, protein structures can be modeled as small-world networks, with a distribution of the number of links decaying exponentially as in the case of this wiring model. We approach the protein-protein interaction mechanism by viewing it as a particular rewiring occurring in the system of two small-world networks represented by the monomers, where a re-arrangement of links takes place upon dimerization leaving the small-world character in the dimer network. Due to this rewiring, the most central residues at the complex interfaces tend to form clusters, which are not homogenously distributed. We show that these highly central residues are strongly correlated with the presence of hot spots of binding free energy. CONTACT ao-mesa@fujirebio.co.jp SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION http://www.fujirebio.co.jp/support/index.php (under construction).
Synchronization of Coupled Neutral-Type Neural Networks With Jumping-Mode-Dependent Discrete and Unbounded Distributed Delays

In this paper, the synchronization problem is studied for an array of N identical delayed neutral-type neural networks with Markovian jumping parameters. The coupled networks involve both the mode-dependent discrete-time delays and the mode-dependent unbounded distributed time delays. All the network parameters including the coupling matrix are also dependent on the Markovian jumping mode. By introducing novel Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals and using some analytical techniques, sufficient conditions are derived to guarantee that the coupled networks are asymptotically synchronized in mean square. The derived sufficient conditions are closely related with the discrete-time delays, the distributed time delays, the mode transition probability, and the coupling structure of the networks. The obtained criteria are given in terms of matrix inequalities that can be efficiently solved by employing the semidefinite program method. Numerical simulations are presented to further demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
EFFECTS OF HYPOHYDRATION ON NEUROMUSCULAR RESPONSES AFTER CYCLING IN THE HEAT 1

This study evaluated the effect of hypohydration induced by cycling in the heat on neuromuscular responses of knee extensors muscles. Ten male subjects exercised in the heat in two separate sessions: the first session (HY) was aimed at reaching 2% body weight (BW) loss, while the second (EU) no BW loss. Maximal isometric knee extensors torque, EMG activity and vastus lateralis muscle architecture (muscle thickness, pennation angle and fascicle length) were assessed before and after both sessions. Urine specific gravity (USG) was assessed preand post-exercise to check hydration status. Rectal temperature was maintained below 38°C during the neuromuscular evaluations. Pre-exercise USG (<1.020) indicated that subjects were euhydrated prior to both sessions, and it increased only in the HY condition. A 15.8% reduction (p<0.05) in maximal isometric knee extensors torque was observed in the HY compared to 2.98% (p>0.05) in the EU. EMG activation reduced in the same magnitude in both sessions, while muscle architecture parameters were unaffected by the protocols. Hypohydration induced by cycling in the heat impaired maximal knee extensor muscles strength production, but vastus lateralis neural and structural changes cannot explain this phenomenon.
MHC-Mismatched Islet Allografts Are Vulnerable to Autoimmune Recognition In Vivo1

When transplanted into type 1a diabetic recipients, islet allografts are subject both to conventional allograft immunity and, presumably, to recurrent autoimmune (islet-specific) pathogenesis. Importantly, CD4 T cells play a central role both in islet allograft rejection and in autoimmune disease recurrence leading to the destruction of syngeneic islet transplants in diabetic NOD mice. However, it is unclear how NOD host MHC class II (I-Ag7)-restricted, autoreactive CD4 T cells may also contribute to the recognition of allogeneic islet grafts that express disparate MHC class II molecules. We hypothesized that islet-specific CD4 T cells can target MHC-mismatched islet allografts for destruction via the “indirect” (host APC-dependent) pathway of Ag recognition. To test this hypothesis, we determined whether NOD-derived, islet-specific CD4 T cells (BDC-2.5 TCR transgenic cells) could damage MHC-mismatched islets in vivo independent of conventional allograft immunity. Results demonstrate that BDC-2.5 CD4 T cells can vigorously destroy MHC class II-disparate islet allografts established in NOD.scid recipients. Tissue injury is tissue-specific in that BDC-2.5 T cells destroy donor-type islet, but not thyroid allografts established in the same NOD.scid recipient. Furthermore, BDC-2.5 CD4 T cells acutely destroy MHC class II-deficient islet allografts in vivo, indicating that autoimmune pathogenesis can be completely independent of donor MHC class II expression. Taken together, these findings indicate that MHC-mismatched islet allografts can be vulnerable to autoimmune pathogenesis triggered by autoreactive CD4 T cells, presumably through indirect autoantigen recognition in vivo.
The Use of ICT In Teaching Tertiary Physics: Technology and Pedagogy.

In the light of the education reform driven by Vietnam’s government, information communication technologies (ICTs) are becoming integrated into education, while concurrently, teaching approaches are shifting from teacher-centred to student-centred in Vietnam’s universities. The innovation is top-down and is being applied on a large scale. Emerging from this innovation are some important issues about technology and pedagogy that need to be investigated.