Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Empirical Study on Recognition of Project Situations by Monitoring Application Results of Software Reliability Growth Model

Monitoring the results of software reliability growth models (SRGMs) helps evaluate project's situations. SRGMs are used to measure the reliability of software by analyzing the relations between the number of detected bugs and the detected time to predict the number of remaining bugs within the software. For example, development managers apply a SRGM to the number of detected bugs and the detected time to predict the number of remaining bugs. Sometimes the SRGM results cause managers to make incorrect decisions because the results are temporary snapshots that change as a development progresses. We propose a method to help evaluate a project's qualities by monitoring the results of SRGM applications. We collected the number of detected bugs and the detected time in the test phases for cloud services provided by e-Seikatsu Co., Ltd. to real estate businesses. The datasets contain about 34 cloud service features. The evaluation found that our method provides correct answers for 29 features and incorrect answers for 5 features.
Ontology-Mediated Querying with the Description Logic EL: Trichotomy and Linear Datalog Rewritability

We consider ontology-mediated queries (OMQs) based on an EL ontology and an atomic query (AQ), provide an ultimately fine-grained analysis of data complexity and study rewritability into linear Datalog– aiming to capture linear recursion in SQL. Our main results are that every such OMQ is in AC0, NL-complete or PTIME-complete, and that containment in NL coincides with rewritability into linear Datalog (whereas containment in AC0 coincides with rewritability into first-order logic). We establish natural characterizations of the three cases, show that deciding linear Datalog rewritability (as well as the mentioned complexities) is EXPTIMEcomplete, give a way to construct linear Datalog rewritings when they exist, and prove that there is no constant bound on the arity of IDB relations in linear Datalog rewritings.
Assessing recent developments in innovation measurement: The third edition of the Oslo Manual

This paper assesses developments in innovation measurement that have been incorporated into the recent revision of the Oslo Manual. Among the most central points emphasized in recent innovation literature are a need for: data that is adequate for the analysis of innovation systems and for policy-making; and a suitable measurement framework to capture the substantial innovation activity within services. The new measurement framework, which includes an expansion of the innovation concept beyond technological product and process innovation and a more complete treatment of linkages and knowledge flows, provides greater coverage of these topics. However, while these changes are a significant step forward in innovation measurement, there are a number of areas in which survey guidelines can be improved further, among them human resource development and the role of demand in innovation. The paper discusses some options for building on these changes in the future. Copyright , Beech Tree Publishing.
How did the Malaysian real exchange rate misalign during the 1997 Asian crisis

Currency overvaluation seems to be the prominent explanation for the 1997–98 Asian financial crisis. Although this is the case, the reinstatement to managed float exchange rate regime in mid-2005, as well as the instability of commodity prices and the recent 2008–2010 global economic crisis, leads to the question of how far the fluctuation in the Malaysian ringgit is consistent with the changes in its economic fundamentals. Based on the theory of real equilibrium exchange rate, this paper estimates the NATREX approach to modeling the Malaysian equilibrium exchange rate from 1991 to 2009. The empirical results show that the ringgit took a U-turn from being overvalued during the pre-crisis (1991–1997) to being undervalued in the post-crisis (1997–2002) periods, before fluctuating around its long-run equilibrium for the rest of the period. This corroborated the hypothesis that an overvaluation leads to a currency crisis, which is followed by substantial currency devaluation. The misalignment rates then reduce and remain close to the equilibrium path.
Equity portfolio diversification with high frequency data

Investors wishing to achieve a particular level of diversification may be misled on how many stocks to hold in a portfolio by assessing the portfolio risk at different data frequencies. High frequency intradaily data provide better estimates of volatility, which translate to more accurate assessment of portfolio risk. Using 5-min, daily and weekly data on S&P500 constituents for the period from 2003 to 2011, we find that for an average investor wishing to diversify away 85% (90%) of the risk, equally weighted portfolios of 7 (10) stocks will suffice, irrespective of the data frequency used or the time period considered. However, to assure investors of a desired level of diversification 90% of the time (in contrast to on average), using low frequency data results in an exaggerated number of stocks in a portfolio when compared with the recommendation based on 5-min data. This difference is magnified during periods when financial markets are in distress, as much as doubling during the 2007–2009 financial crisis.
A Comparative Analysis of Conceptions of Knowledge and Learning in General and Public Sector Literature 2000–2009

In this article we analyze the ways in which concepts of “knowledge” and “learning” are represented in public sector management literature and compare these with contemporary concepts in the broader knowledge management and organizational learning disciplines. Gaps and differences between the two sets of literature are discussed and clarified. How differences emerge and are displayed is discussed, and implications for the variation on practice and organizational effectiveness in the public sector are presented. The article's contribution is in its illustration of the gap between representations of knowledge and learning in public sector literature and the disciplinary literature in knowledge management and organizational learning.
Ipilimumab Increases Activated T Cells and Enhances Humoral Immunity in Patients With Advanced Melanoma

Ipilimumab, a fully human monoclonal antibody, which blocks cytotoxic T-lymphocyte antigen-4, has demonstrated an improvement in overall survival in 2 phase III trials of patients with advanced melanoma. To gain an understanding of its mechanism of action, the effects of ipilimumab on T-cell populations and on humoral immune responses were studied in patients with advanced melanoma from 2 phase II trials. Antibody levels against 5 tumor antigens were assessed at baseline and up to 12 weeks after ipilimumab treatment. Serologic reactivity to the cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 increased by at least 5-fold at week 12 of treatment in 17% to 18.8% of patients. Increased antibody levels were also observed to the tumor antigens Melan-A, MAGE-A4, SSX2, and p53. Immunocompetence was evaluated with tetanus boosters administered before ipilimumab and pneumococcal and influenza vaccines given 5 days after ipilimumab treatment. At week 7, most patients who received ipilimumab and vaccine showed greater humoral responses relative to baseline titers. For peripheral T-cell populations, statistically significant increases in the percent of activated (HLA-DR+) CD4+ and CD8+ T cells with concomitant decreases in naive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were observed after ipilimumab treatment. These changes were evident by week 4 of treatment. Increases were also observed in central memory, effector memory, and activated ICOS+ CD4+ T cells, but not in ICOS+ CD8+ T cells or in FoxP3+ CD4+ regulatory T cells. These results suggest that ipilimumab can enhance immune responses mediated by different T-cell populations, and humoral immunity, in melanoma patients.
Conversion from twice daily tacrolimus to once daily tacrolimus in long‐term stable liver transplant recipients: A single‐center experience with 394 patients

After organ transplantation, strategies for simplifying the therapeutic regimen may improve adherence and prevent acute organ rejection and/or late graft loss. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of conversion from a tacrolimus (TAC) twice daily (bid) formulation to a once daily (qd) formulation in a large cohort of adult liver transplantation (LT) patients. This retrospective, observational, single‐center study included 394 LT patients with at least 6 months' posttransplant follow‐up and no rejection episodes in the last 3 months. The conversion from a bid formulation to a qd formulation was based on a 1:1 ratio. The mean age at the time of conversion was 53 years (range = 18‐72 years); 66% were men. The main indication for LT was alcoholic cirrhosis (41%). The mean conversion time after LT was 74 months (range = 6‐218 months). The mean serum TAC trough level decreased after conversion (6.1 ± 5.6 ng/mL before conversion versus 4.9 ± 2.5 ng/mL after conversion, P < 0.05). After a mean follow‐up of 24 months after conversion, 6 patients had converted to cyclosporine, 14 patients had stopped all calcineurin inhibitors, 16 patients had returned to TAC bid, and 358 patients were still on TAC qd. Acute rejection episodes were observed in 7 patients. In conclusion, the results of our experience indicate that the conversion from a TAC bid formulation to a qd formulation is a safe and effective strategy for the management of stable LT patients. Liver Transpl 19:529–533, 2013. © 2013 AASLD.
Platelet distribution width predicts left ventricular dysfunction in patients with acute coronary syndromes treated with percutaneous coronary intervention.

BACKGROUND The role of platelets in the pathophysiology of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) is undeniable, but precise relationships between platelet activity and treatment outcomes are a matter of continuant investigation. Among platelet indices, mean platelet volume (MPV) has proven to be a valuable predicting factor in cardiac patients. However, platelet distribution width (PDW) is reported to be a more specific marker of platelet reactivity. Thus, application of PDW in risk stratification of ACS treatment is an up-to-date subject of research. PDW values in the assessment of left ventricular (LV) function have not been previously studied. AIM The aim of the study was to evaluate whether admission PDW can predict LV systolic function in patients with ACS treated with stent implantation. METHODS On-admission PDW was measured in 278 consecutive patients with diagnosis of ACS, who underwent stent(s) implantation. Echocardiogram with LV ejection fraction (LVEF) estimation was performed within 24 h of percutaneous coronary intervention. Additionally, patients were under one-year follow-up, and one-year all-cause mortality was assessed. RESULTS According to receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) analysis, a PDW value greater than 12.8 fL could predict LVEF ≤ 35% with sensitivity of 81% and specificity of 39% (AUC 0.614; p = 0.0177). Only a trend was noted in ROC for PDW and one-year mortality (AUC 0.608; p = 0.0815). Multivariate logistic regression analysis has shown that the PDW parameter correlates independently with both systolic heart failure with LVEF ≤ 35% (PDW cut-off: 12.8 fL, OR 2.8107, CI 1.1401-6.9293, p = 0.0248) and one-year mortality (PDW cut-off: 16 fL, OR 2.6750, CI 1.0190-7.0225, p = 0.0457). CONCLUSIONS Admission PDW may serve as a simple and widely available predictor of impaired LV function in patients with ACS. Association between PDW and mortality needs to be confirmed in larger studies.
Shifting sands: Regional perspectives on the role of social capital in supporting open innovation through knowledge transfer and exchange with small and medium-sized enterprises

This article explores the role of social capital in enabling knowledge transfer and exchange (KTE) between higher education institutions (HEIs) and spin-off (academic and non-academic) small and medium-sized enterprises in the context of open innovation, in order to convert knowledge into innovation within regional innovation systems. It presents the findings from 18 in-depth interviews with related stakeholders, and social network analysis of relationships in an exemplar technology park in Andalucía, southern Spain. The main findings suggest that there are many challenges to achieving successful KTE in regional innovation systems: recognition, intellectual property contracts and timescales. Similarly, there are opportunities related to intermediaries, joint teams and market impact. Significantly, the study highlights the importance of both formal and informal relationships as enablers of successful KTE involving HEIs and spin-off small and medium-sized enterprises in the context of open innovation.
Technology transfer infrastructures: Some lessons from experiences in Europe, the US and Japan

Abstract In many regions in Europe, the US and East Asia technology transfer infrastructures have been set up to support endogenous potential by encouraging the diffusion of new technologies from higher education institutes (HEIs) and large firms to small and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). However, many studies have shown that business partners such as customers and suppliers are the most important partners for the stimulation of the innovativeness of SMEs. HEIs and transfer agencies are given a very low rank in these studies. These results have led to doubts about the usefulness of these institutions for regional economic development. However, some transfer infrastructures in Europe, the US and Japan have been partially able to circumvent deficiencies of traditional transfer agencies. The article aims at learning from experiences of these infrastructures that support the linkage of HEIs and public research establishments with SMEs. The main three research questions are. What are the deficiencies of mos.
School–work transition: the interplay between institutional and individual processes

This study examines how problems with the transition from school to work, such as early school leaving and youth unemployment, are dealt with in the Dutch vocational education and training (VET) system. School–work transition has become more complex and fragmented with more room for individual manoeuvring. This leads to a more individualised perspective on school and labour market outcomes and on the reasons for transition failures. However, at the same time, the transition is still shaped by structural factors such as how the VET system and the labour market are organised. Our quantitative and qualitative empirical studies on VET schools confirm this tendency towards individualisation: professionals, including teachers, generally ascribe school failure to individual problems such as psychosocial problems or choosing the wrong course of study. The students themselves actually reinforce this, and display a strong belief in individual agency and feel in charge of their own learning and labour market outcomes. Structurally established barriers such as early selection mechanisms and ineffective school reforms do not interfere with this perception of individual strengths and failures.
Facilitating SME Innovation Capability Through Business Networking

Innovation processes can be regarded as complex, dynamic, and a result of cumulative dynamic interaction and learning processes involving many actors. In this setting, private small‐ and medium‐sized businesses (SMEs) can be considered a key factor – as generators of new ideas, as entrepreneurs carrying out new ventures, and as partners for other local actors. This study focuses on the SME networks and their ability to participate in innovative processes directed at new value creation. We present a case study of the development of a young innovation network. Our focus in the case study is on the SME's ability to carry out innovation and new value creation in a network. The key contribution of the study centers on the new understanding of the way SME innovation could be promoted through facilitated network development.
Pediatric Prehospital Care in a Southern Regional Emergency Medical Service System

A retrospective review of 2,302 ambulance run reports from the Birmingham Regional Emergency Medical Service System indicated that 6% of all runs are for patients in the pediatric age group (less than 18 years of age). Injuries related to emergencies were responsible for more than 65% of pediatric runs, and 30% were related to motor vehicle accidents. Surprisingly, 8% of calls were for seizure disorders, a figure much higher than in the adult population. Approximately 38% of the runs involved children between the ages of 6 and 12 years. Significantly more male than female patients were involved. This descriptive epidemiologic study is antecedent to effective planning and implementation of pediatric prehospital care programs. Training of emergency personnel should be targeted toward treating motor vehicle injuries, seizures, poisoning, and upper airway obstruction in children.
Bacillus thuringiensis and Related Bacteria

Bacillus thuringiensis produces a range of specialized virulence factors that enable it to infect invertebrate hosts. Despite the level of interest in this species, there have been a number of controversies and disagreements regarding its ecological niche, how it kills its hosts and benefits from the production of Cry toxins and whether B. thuringiensis constitutes a real species that is a distinct member of the Bacillus cereus group. Hypotheses arguing that Bt is a soil saprophyte, a gut or plant commensal or a specialized pathogen are critically evaluated. Evidence supporting the specialized pathogen hypothesis includes proteomic and genomic studies revealing adaptations to lyse cells and exploit peptide-rich resources. Bt infects insects and reproduces effectively in the field without obvious epizootics and uses plants to vector inocula from soil to the phylloplane. Bt Cry toxins, and other virulence factors, can be treated as cooperative public goods. Cooperative production of virulence factors has implications for dose-response curves and understanding which ecological factors can select for the maintenance of virulence. Finally, the taxonomy of Bt and the phylogeny of the B. cereus group are discussed. The genetic and ecological variation within the B. cereus group is substantial and argues against lumping all members of this clade into one species; a revised nomenclature of the group is suggested that includes restricting the use of B. thuringiensis to a single clade that contains the vast majority of invertebrate-adapted isolates and revising the use of the cereus and anthracis epithets.
Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Administration for Infertile Women With Thin Endometrium in Frozen Embryo Transfer Program

We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) administration for infertile women with thin endometrium in frozen embryo transfer program. Among 59 infertile patients with thin endometrium (≤7 mm), 34 patients received uterine infusion of recombinant human G-CSF (100 μg/0.6 mL) on the day of ovulation or administration of progesterone or human chorionic gonadotropin, with 40 cycles defined as G-CSF group and 49 previous cycles as self-controlled group, and 25 patients refused, with 80 cycles defined as the control group. Higher proportion of induced cycles and lower proportion of natural cycles were observed in the G-CSF group, when compared to the self-controlled group or control group (P < .05). The cycle cancellation rate was, in descending order, 69.39% in self-controlled group, 48.75% in control group, and 17.50% in G-CSF group, with significant difference (P < .05). The implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer were similar in all the groups (P > .05). Our study fails to demonstrate that G-CSF has the potential to improve embryo implantation and clinical pregnancy rate of the infertile women with thin endometrium.
Identification of significant factors influencing housing cost in Yemen

Purpose – The cost of housing is very high in Yemen compared with Middle East countries, which has caused a shortage of housing supply, especially for the low‐income group. The purpose of this paper is to identify factors that are significantly influencing housing cost in Yemen.Design/methodology/approach – The study surveyed 60 professionals in housing in Yemen, to identify factors influencing housing cost that are related to land, materials used, construction methods used, finishing works, and other factors/related issues. The questionnaire survey instrument consisted of 32 factors, which were grouped into these five categories. The level of importance was measured and the relative importance of weightage was ranked for all five categories.Findings – This study found that cost of project land, cost of cement and steel for reinforced concrete are the most significant factors influencing housing cost in Yemen.Originality/value – Based on the analysis of the ranking and intensity of housing cost factors, t.
Errors in using tobacco withdrawal scale

Editor,— Several scientists and clinicians have used a tobacco withdrawal scale either received from us or based on our published work. We would like to make some suggestions about use of our scale to minimise misinterpretation. First, the name we prefer is the “Minnesota Nicotine Withdrawal Scale. ” Second, total withdrawal scores are often reported; however, there is some variance in which symptoms are included and thus scores across studies are not comparable. Many researchers include drowsiness, fatigue, gastrointestinal complaints, headaches, and somatic complaints as scale items because we …
Enabling structure and collective efficacy: A study of teacher perceptions in elementary divisions of American schools in Mexico

Enabling Structure and Collective Efficacy: A Study of Teacher Perceptions in Elementary Divisions of American Schools in Mexico The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between enabling school structure and collective efficacy as perceived by teachers working in an elementary division of an American School in Mexico. A descriptive design was used to investigate the relationship between teacher perception of school structure and collective teacher efficacy in the elementary school divisions of American Schools in Mexico during a 1-month period. Two hundred sixty teachers representing 15 of the 18 American Schools in Mexico participated by completing an Internet-based survey. A quantitative analysis of teacher perceptions using data from two instruments is presented. The variable of perception of school structure was measured using Hoy and Sweetland's (2000) Enabling School Structure (ESS) survey instrument. The variable of collective efficacy was measured using Goddard, Hoy, and Hoy's (2000) Collective Efficacy (CE) instrument. This study supports the belief a school's structure and its faculty's collective efficacy
Credit Supply and Business Investment During the Great Recession: Evidence from Public Records of Equipment Financing

It is often asserted that the financial crisis of 2008 caused a recession in the real economy by restricting the supply of credit to firms and households, but this view has been questioned by a number of researchers. This paper uses novel data on lending relationships from Uniform Commercial Code filings of loans secured by business equipment to measure how lender distress affected firm-level investment outcomes after the crisis. In specifications that compare firms in the same county-industry-size cell, I find that firms that were dependent on lenders that experienced the most distress during the crisis financed significantly less equipment than average firms after the crisis, despite a considerable amount of substitution toward non-distressed lenders. Variation across lenders can account for a 17% decline in aggregate equipment financing, or about onethird of the total decline in financing in the sample of small businesses used in the paper.