Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression Patterns of a twist-Related Gene in Embryos of the Spider Achaearanea tepidariorum Reveal Divergent Aspects of Mesoderm Development in the Fly and Spider

Abstract We cloned an Achaearanea tepidariorum (Chelicerata, Arachnida) gene related to Drosophila twist (twi), which encodes a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor required to specify mesoderm fate in the Drosophila embryo. The cloned spider gene was designated At.twist (At.twi). We examined its expression by whole-mount in situ hybridization. At.twi transcripts were first detected in cells located at the polar and equatorial areas of the spherical embryo when the cumulus reached the equator. As the extra-embryonic area expanded, more cells expressed At.twi transcripts. The At.twi-expressing cells became distributed nearly uniformly in the embryonic area. At these stages, some At.twi-expressing cells were found in the surface epithelial cell layer, but other At.twi-expressing cells were at slightly deeper positions from the surface. When the embryo was transformed into a germ band, all At.twi-expressing cells were situated just beneath the surface ectoderm, where they became metamerically arranged. Although little expression was observed in the caudal lobe of the elongating germ band, new stripes of At.twi expression appeared beneath the ectoderm in accordance with the posterior growth. These observations suggested that the cells expressing At.twi were most likely mesoderm. We propose that At.twi can be used as a molecular marker for analyzing mesoderm development in the spider embryo. Moreover, comparison of the expression patterns of twi and At.twi revealed divergent aspects of mesoderm development in the fly and spider. In addition, we cloned an Achaearanea gene related to snail, which is another mesoderm-determining gene in Drosophila, and showed that its expression was restricted to the ectoderm with no indication for a role in mesoderm development.
Motivos para a prática de exercício físico em universitários de acordo com o índice de massa corporal

O objetivo do estudo foi identificar eventual participacao do indice de massa corporal (IMC) na identificacao dos motivos que podem induzir universitarios a pratica de exercicio fisico. Amostra foi constituida por 2380 sujeitos, com idades entre 18 e 35 anos. Motivos para a pratica de exercicio fisico foram identificados por intermedio de versao traduzida do Exercise Motivations Inventory (EMI-2). Tratamento estatistico dos dados foi realizado mediante analise de variância univariada e multivariada, tendo como variaveis dependentes fatores de motivacao e variaveis independentes sexo e estratos de IMC (peso corporal normal, sobrepeso e obesidade). Os resultados revelaram efeito significativo de sexo (Wilks’ Lambda=0,737; F(10,2369)=84,736; p
Genetic Variation of Nitrogen Use Traits Using Maize Expired Plant Variety Protection Germplasm

Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in maize (Zea mays L.) is an important trait to maximize 10 yield with minimal input of nitrogen (N) fertilizer. Expired Plant Variety Protection (ex-PVP) 11 Act-certified germplasm may be an important genetic resource for public breeding sectors. The 12 objectives of this research were to evaluate the genetic variation of N-use traits and to characterize 13 maize ex-PVP inbreds adapted to the U.S. Corn Belt for NUE performance. Eighty-nine ex-PVP 14 inbreds [36 stiff stalk synthetic (SSS), and 53 non-stiff stalk synthetic (NSSS)] were genotyped using 15 26,769 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, then 263 single-cross maize hybrids derived from these 16 inbreds were grown in eight environments from 2011 to 2015 at two N fertilizer rates (0 and 252 kg N 17 ha−1) and three replications. Genetic utilization and the yield response to N fertilizer were stable 18 across environments and were highly correlated with yield under low and high N conditions, 19 respectively. Cluster analysis identified inbreds with desirable NUE performance. However, only 20 one inbred (PHK56) was ranked in the top 10% for yield under both N-stress and high N conditions. 21 Broad-sense heritability across 12 different N-use traits ranged from 0.11 to 0.77, but was not 22 associated with breeding value accuracy. Nitrogen-stress tolerance was negatively correlated with 23 the yield increase from N fertilizer. 24 25
GTP Cyclohydrolase 1 Downregulation Contributes to Glucocorticoid Hypertension in Rats

Abstract—NO, a potent vasodilator, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid hypertension. NO synthase requires the cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin for the production of NO. Guanosine-triphosphate (GTP) cyclohydrolase 1 is the rate-limiting enzyme for the production of tetrahydrobiopterin, and in the presence of low levels of tetrahydrobiopterin, NO production is decreased. We have previously shown that tetrahydrobiopterin-dependent vasodilation is impaired in rats with glucocorticoid hypertension. However, the role GTP cyclohydrolase 1 plays in the pathogenesis of glucocorticoid hypertension has not been investigated. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that downregulation of GTP cyclohydrolase 1 contributes to the development and maintenance of glucocorticoid hypertension in rats. Rats were implanted with dexamethasone (0.79 mg · kg−1 · d−1) or sham-operated, and systolic blood pressures were measured at baseline and after 12 hours, 4 days, or 15 days. Blood pressure increased significantly after dexamethasone treatment. Isometric force generation was measured in endothelium-intact aortic ring segments. Aortas from dexamethasone-treated rats exhibited a significant time-dependent decrease in maximal relaxation to acetylcholine compared with control rats. Incubation with sepiapterin (10−4 mol/L, 1 hour), which produces tetrahydrobiopterin via a salvage pathway, restored vasodilation to acetylcholine in aortas from 4- and 15-day dexamethasone-treated rats. GTP cyclohydrolase 1 mRNA expression levels also significantly decreased in a time-dependent manner. These results support the hypothesis that downregulation of GTP cyclohydrolase 1 contributes to increased blood pressure in glucocorticoid hypertensive rats.
Crystal structure of 3-[(4-benzylpiperazin-1-yl)methyl]-5-(thiophen-2-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione

The title 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione derivative, C18H20N4OS2, crystallized with two independent molecules (A and B) in the asymmetric unit. The 2-thienyl rings in both molecules are rotationally disordered over two orientations by approximately 180° about the single C—C bond that connects it to the oxadiazole thione ring; the ratios of site occupancies for the major and minor components were fixed in the structure refinement at 0.8:0.2 and 0.9:0.1 in molecules A and B, respectively. The 1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thione ring forms dihedral angles of 7.71 (16), 10.0 (11) and 77.50 (12)° (molecule A), and 6.5 (3), 6.0 (9) and 55.30 (12)° (molecule B) with the major and minor parts of the disordered thiophene ring and the mean plane of the adjacent piperazine ring, respectively, resulting in approximately V-shaped conformations for the molecules. The piperazine ring in both molecules adopts a chair conformation. The terminal benzene ring is inclined towards the mean plane of the piperazine ring with N—C—C—C torsion angles of −58.2 (3) and −66.2 (3)° in molecules A and B, respectively. In the crystal, no intermolecular hydrogen bonds are observed. The crystal packing features short S⋯S contacts [3.4792 (9) Å] and π–π interactions [3.661 (3), 3.664 (11) and 3.5727 (10) Å], producing a three-dimensional network.
Preschoolers' Attachment to Mother and Risk for Adjustment Problems in Kindergarten: Can Teachers Make a Difference?.

Based on attachment theory, two aims were addressed. Firstly, we tested whether close teacher–child relationships may buffer children who are less securely attached to their mothers against negative outcomes, such as aggressive behavior. Secondly, our study evaluated whether teacher sensitivity may protect less securely attached children against forming less close relationships with their teachers. In a sample of 127 children, mother–child attachment was observed in preschool. In kindergarten, teacher sensitivity was observed, and teacher–child closeness and child aggressive behavior were rated by the teacher. Results of multilevel hierarchical regression analyses first showed that with high teacher–child closeness, less securely attached children are no longer at risk for more aggressive behavior. Secondly, it was found that with high teacher sensitivity, less securely attached children are no longer at risk for developing less close relationships with their teachers.
An investigation of multiple pathways of developmental intervention change

OF THE DISSERTATION AN INVESTIGATION OF MULTIPLE PATHWAYS OF DEVELOPMENTAL INTERVENTION CHANGE by Kyle Robert Eichas Florida International University, 2010 Miami, Florida Professor William M. Kurtines, Major Professor Convergence among treatment, prevention, and developmental intervention approaches has led to the recognition of the need for evaluation models and research designs that employ a full range of evaluation information to provide an empirical basis for enhancing the efficiency, efficacy, and effectiveness of prevention and positive development interventions. This study reports an investigation of a positive youth development program using an Outcome Mediation Cascade (OMC) evaluation model, an integrated model for evaluating the empirical intersection between intervention and developmental processes. The Changing Lives Program (CLP) is a community supported positive youth development intervention implemented in a practice setting as a selective/indicated program for multi-ethnic, multi-problem at risk youth in urban alternative high schools. This study used a Relational Data Analysis integration of quantitative and qualitative data analysis strategies, including the use of both fixed and free response measures and a structural equation modeling approach, to construct and evaluate the hypothesized OMC model. Findings indicated that the hypothesized model fit the data (χ
Growth rate peaks at intermediate cell size in marine photosynthetic picoeukaryotes

We have performed an in situ test of Raven's prediction that there is a reversal of the relationship between cell size and maximum achievable growth rate in unicellular algae at the low end of size classes. In a natural population of marine phytoplankton, including the smallest picoeukaryote known to date, and under both nutrient sufficiency and deficiency, we find a maximum in growth rate (4.8 and 3.3 divisions d−1, respectively) in the 2–3–µm size class represented by coccoid Chlorella‐like cells, with lower growth rates in both higher and lower size classes. This 2–3–µm size class is also the most robust under nutrient deficiency, reducing its growth rate by 14% only relative to nutrient‐sufficient conditions, versus 50‐60% for the lowermost and uppermost size classes, respectively.
DIVERSIDAD CULTURAL Y CIUDADANÍA. HACIA UNA EDUCACIÓN SUPERIOR INCLUSIVA

Este articulo tiene por finalidad analizar la incidencia de la inmigracion en la sociedad, en cuanto elemento de diversidad cultural, con amplias repercusiones en la ciudadania democratica. Igualmente, estudia el papel que desempena la educacion superior como promotora de inclusion social. Es fruto de investigaciones subvencionadas, en las que se utiliza una metodologia descriptiva, correlacional y prescriptiva, combinando los enfoques cualitativos y cuantitativos. Se selecciona una muestra representativa de los universitarios tanto inmigrantes como autoctonos. Los instrumentos empleados son cuestionarios y escalas que reunen los requisitos de fiabilidad y validez. Tambien se emplean entrevistas semiestructuradas y grupos de discusion. Se han utilizado los programa SPSS y el ATLAS-TI. Como principales resultados se destaca la identificacion de los rasgos que definen el perfil del inmigrante universitario y los elementos que favorecen y dificultan su inclusion social y educativa. Igualmente, se constata que los jovenes tienen bien arraigadas las actitudes y valores democraticos. Defienden la igualdad de derechos, al tiempo que rechazan las actitudes xenofobas y los movimientos radicales Valoran el sistema de gobierno democratico si bien critican el funcionamiento de las instituciones. Prefieren al ciudadano que cumple sus obligaciones civicas pero sin implicarse. Todas estas dimensiones avalan que nos encontramos ante una juventud que esta pasando de una vision armonica a una mas esceptica. La Universidad, como centro de expresion y de desarrollo del conocimiento aparece como una institucion bien valorada por los estudiantes al considerar que facilita la promocion cultural y sociolaboral a la vez que impulsa una educacion de caracter inclusivo. Se han elaborado propuestas de accion orientadas a favorecer una educacion que respete y promueva la diversidad cultural y favorezca la inclusion.
Subclinical photoreceptor disruption in response to severe head trauma.

associated ONH and retinal hypoplasia. A case of genetically proven muscle-eye-brain disease with ONH and peripheral retinal nonperfusion with secondary fibrovascular proliferation and retinal detachment was recently described. Our patient shares many similar features but had no evidence of a muscular dystrophy, with clinically absent hypotonia and a normal creatine kinase level. Additionally, a case of de Morsier syndrome with similar ocular findings of bilateral peripheral retinal nonperfusion and neovascularization with resultant retinal detachment was reported recently. We suggest that the abnormal neuronal development that led to lissencephaly resulted in optic nerve and retinal maldevelopment and subsequent associated retinal vascular maldevelopment. Tractional retinal detachment is an end stage of a process that starts with nonperfusion and progresses to ischemia and extraretinal fibrovascular proliferation in a variety of pediatric retinal diseases. Although the cause of neural maldevelopment in our patient remains elusive, her case supports the idea that patients with severe neuronal migration deficits should be evaluated for ONH and abnormal retinal vasculature development, even without evidence of a muscular dystrophy.
Workplace Psychological Health: Current Research and Practice

Contents: Introduction 1. Work and Psychological Well-being 2. Work and Physical Health co-authored by Dr Jackie Holt 3. Job Satisfaction 4. Job Support and Job Control 5. Occupational Stress and Coping 6. Work-Family Balance 7. Work Addiction co-authored by Dr Aline Masuda 8. Workplace Violence and Aggression co-authored by Dr Jackie Holt 9. Psychological Health and Technological Change 10. Executive Coaching co-authored by Dr Elena Stepanova 11. Organizational Counselling and Fitness Programs References Index
Comparisons: colonial or cosmopolitan?

Editors' Note: The following is the ninth in the Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography Lecture Series. It is based on the plenary presentation of 3 September at the Annual Conference of the Royal Geography Society (with the Institute of British Geographers) held in London in 2010. In the search for a more international approach to theorizing cities, comparative methods hold considerable promise, although one concern might be that in their theoretical ambitions they foster a universalising approach rather than one appreciative of diverse and sometimes divergent urban experiences. The potentially universalizing ambitions of comparative methods lead some postcolonial theorists to question the extent to which comparativism carries the marks of colonial histories. Critics argue that some aspects of formal comparative methods can be traced to ambitious and geographically encompassing intellectual projects from the colonial era, when the interest and capacity to bring different parts of the world together within the same intellectual frame advanced significantly. This paper explores the complexities of these colonial lineages of comparative research with a view to assessing their implications for postcolonial comparative urbanism. It concludes by assessing the potential for more modest comparative experiments in a postcolonial vein through attending to the diverse vernacular cosmopolitanisms of cities. Following the spatialities of cities themselves has the potential to offer non-universalizing but variously internationalizing theoretical engagements with different places.
Dynamic Contribution of Nestin-Expressing Stem Cells to Adult Neurogenesis

Understanding the fate of adult-generated neurons and the mechanisms that influence them requires consistent labeling and tracking of large numbers of stem cells. We generated a nestin-CreERT2/R26R-yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) mouse to inducibly label nestin-expressing stem cells and their progeny in the adult subventricular zone (SVZ) and subgranular zone (SGZ). Several findings show that the estrogen ligand tamoxifen (TAM) specifically induced recombination in stem cells and their progeny in nestin-CreERT2/R26R-YFP mice: 97% of SGZ stem-like cells (GFAP/Sox2 with radial glial morphology) expressed YFP; YFP+ neurospheres could be generated in vitro after recombination in vivo, and maturing YFP+ progeny were increasingly evident in the olfactory bulb (OB) and dentate gyrus (DG) granule cell layer. Revealing an unexpected regional dissimilarity in adult neurogenesis, YFP+ cells accumulated up to 100 d after TAM in the OB, but in the SGZ, YFP+ cells reached a plateau 30 d after TAM. In addition, most SVZ and SGZ YFP+ cells became neurons, underscoring a link between nestin and neuronal fate. Finally, quantification of YFP+ cells in nestin-CreERT2/R26R-YFP mice allowed us to estimate, for example, that stem cells and their progeny contribute to no more than 1% of the adult DG granule cell layer. In addition to revealing the dynamic contribution of nestin-expressing stem cells to adult neurogenesis, this work highlights the utility of the nestin-CreERT2/R26R-YFP mouse for inducible gene ablation in stem cells and their progeny in vivo in the two major regions of adult neurogenesis.
The Role of Motivation in Self-regulated Learning and Language Learning Strategy: In the Case of Chinese EFL Learners

Although self-regulation, derived from educational psychology, is a new topic in the second language learning field, language learning strategy was the main focus of many studies in the last two decades. Also, among the L2 individual differences, motivation plays an important role in achieving the educational goals. In this research, motivation is investigated from self-determination theory by which five types of motivation are presented. No study was found to investigate the role of motivation in both self-regulation and language learning strategy. For such a purpose, 49 Chinese EFL learners respond to SILL, MSLQ and LLOS_IEA respectively proposed by Oxford (1990), Pintrich et al (1991) and Noel et al (2000). The results running Pearson correlation showed that there is a significant relationship between motivation, self-regulation and language learning strategies. It is also revealed that Chinese EFL learners use memory, social and affective strategy more than the other ones. The most common motivational orientation is identified regulation. Among self-regulated learning strategies, effort regulation is highly used by them. At the end some implication is considered.
Japanese high school students' use of L1 during pair‐work

A considerable proportion of English language education throughout the world occurs in monolingual compulsory settings. It is therefore not surprising that both teacher and students' use of the L1 is a common feature of these classrooms. This study, conducted in a language classroom, used a sociocultural framework to discover how Japanese high school students use their first language while engaging in oral communicative tasks. Observations were followed by student interviews in order to ascertain students' attitudes toward the use of Japanese in English classes. Students' use of Japanese was generally found to be positively related to learning, and it emerged that there were specific contextual factors which influenced students' use of their first language, and the implications of this are discussed.
A survey on user expectations for interface builders

This study provides many insights into the features that users look for in interface building tools, as well as those that can hinder their use. The results suggest that users are willing to pay a high price for a reliable tool that will combine both fast prototyping and fully operational target interfaces and at the same time provide high functionality. Yet users want a tool that is easy to use and to learn. This is a great challenge for developers of interface builders since there is currently a compromise to make between tools that allow fast and easy prototyping, and toolkits which provide high functionality and good execution speed.
Sonographic Evaluation of Obstructive Jaundice

Purpose: This study was done to assess the role of ultrasound in diagnosis of obstructive jaundice and to identify the most common causes and symptoms. Materials and methods: The study took place in different Khartoum clinical centers and hospitals in the period between Jan 2014 and July 2014. A total of 150 patients with obstructive jaundice were examined using ultrasound machine, 3.5 - 7 MHz probe. Results: The study revealed that 65.33 of the study population with obstructive jaundice were female and 34.67% was male. The most common affected groups were 46 - 65 years old and 25 - 45 years old. The common causes of obstructive jaundice were biliary stones (61.33%) which were common in females and abdominal masses (32.67%) which were common in females, too. Nausea, yellowish discoloration and abdominal pain were the most common symptoms (98%, 97.33% and 96.67% respectively). The causes of obstructive jaundice showed significant difference between males and females (P-value = 0.002). Conclusion: Ultrasound was superior diagnostic tool in detecting and assessing biliary system obstruction, because it was easy, available, accurate and noninvasive. The ageing and gender were considered as risk factors of obstructive jaundice.
Mapping of an adenovirus function involved in the inhibition of DNA degradation

A function involved in the inhibition of DNA degradation has been assigned through complementation tests to a product of region E1b of the adenovirus genome (between 4.5 and 10.5 map units). DNA degradation induced by the adenovirus type 12 (Ad12) cyt mutant H12cyt70 and the Ad5 early deletion mutant dl313 (with the deletion between 3.5 and 10.7 map units) was inhibited by coinfection with Ad5 region E1a (between 0 and 4.5 map units) mutants dl312 and hr1 and region E1b mutant hr6. The defect of inhibition of DNA degradation in Ad5 dl313 was also complemented in 293 cells. This DNase-inhibitory function does not appear to involve polypeptide IX or the 58,000-dalton polypeptide. Wild-type Ad12 induced DNA degradation in hamster embryo cells, suggesting that the DNase-inhibitory function is not expressed in these nonpermissive cells. Additional evidence suggests the involvement of a second viral product which positively influences the DNase activity and which appears to be an early function.