Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sentiment Analysis of Emerging High Technology Consumer Electronics

2 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this project is entirely my own work and that it has not been submitted as an exercise for a degree at this or any other university _____________________________________________ ________________________ Name Date 3 Abstract Products have ratings and are appraised for their technical performance, environmental impact and customer satisfaction. This satisfaction comes from the sentiment the consumer holds towards the product. Sentiment maybe defined as a view or attitude towards something. A person's sentiment about a object is based on their prior perception of it and how it lives up to their expectations. Consumer sentiment can change industries and determines spending behaviour. But in the context of highly advanced or emergent technologies a consumer may not hold a valid understanding of the product or may not be aware of it. With the rise of user-generated content being produced on the World Wide Web it is possible to collect documents written by consumers about products. The automobile, being one of the most common domestic investments, also contains highly complex technologies in the form of electronic control units, and these are appraised on websites and blogs daily. Using the Rocksteady software to analyse sentiment, three different corpora of texts were examined in this study. A dictionary of specialised automobile terms was developed to use in conjunction with a dictionary of affect. The software examined sentiment and news flow in websites, newspapers and academic journals. Although data was limited in the case of journals, it was found that news flow regarding automobiles has increased in recent years. Sentiment was found to exist about electrical and electronic components in automobiles and that it changes over time. Changes in sentiment and news flow were also identified at the same time as announcements were made by a significant automobile manufacturer. Recommendations for future work include varying the corpora and investigating sentiment with regard to specific electronic units.
LifeLines: visualizing personal histories

LifeLines provide a general visualization environment for personal histories that can be applied to medical and court records, professional histories and other types of biographical data. A one screen overview shows multiple facets of the records. Aspects, for example medical conditions or legal cases, are displayed as individual time lines, while icons indicate discrete events, such as physician consultations or legal reviews. Line color and thickness illustrate relationships or significance, rescaling tools and filters allow users to focus on part of the information. LifeLines reduce the chances of missing information, facilitate spotting anomalies and trends, streamline access to details, while remaining tailorable and easily transferable between applications. The paper describes the use of LifeLines for youth records of the Maryland Department of Juvenile Justice and also for medical records. User's feedback was collected using a Visual Basic prototype for the youth record. Techniques to deal with complex records are reviewed and issues of a standard personal record format are discussed.
Influence of author's affiliation and funding sources on the results of cohort studies on occupational cancer.

BACKGROUND Reliability and credibility of research conducted by industry have been questioned, including in the field of occupational health. METHODS Cohort studies on occupational cancer published between 2000 and 2010 were compared according to their results, their conclusions, their funding, and the affiliation of their authors. RESULTS Overall, 510 articles were included. Studies published by authors with public affiliation or funded by public grants concluded that their study showed an excess of cancer more frequently (P = 0.01) than studies published by authors with private affiliation or funded by private grants (88% [95%CI = 85-91] vs. 73% [95%CI = 56-88] and 92% [95%CI = 86-97] vs. 71% [95%CI = 57-84], respectively). Discrepancies between statistical results and conclusion occurred more frequently in articles written by authors from the private sector than from the public sector (42% [IC95% = 26-60] vs. 23% [IC95% = 18-26], P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS Industry affiliations of authors or industry support of studies are associated with the results of published studies on occupational cancer. The underlying mechanisms warrant further investigation.
Semi‐empirical analysis of Sloan Digital Sky Survey galaxies – IV. A nature via nurture scenario for galaxy evolution

We investigate the environmental dependence of stellar population properties of galaxies in the local Universe. Physical quantities related to the stellar content of galaxies are derived from a spectral synthesis method applied to a volume-limited sample containing more than 60000 galaxies (0.04 < z < 0.075; M r ≤-19.9), extracted from the Data Release 4 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Mean stellar ages, mean stellar metallicities and stellar masses are obtained from this method and used to characterize the stellar populations of galaxies. The environment is defined by the projected local galaxy density estimated from a nearest neighbour approach. We recover the star formation-density relation in terms of the mean light-weighted stellar age, which is strongly correlated with star formation parameters derived from Hα. We find that the age-density relation is distinct when we divide galaxies according to luminosity or stellar mass. The relation is remarkable for galaxies in all bins of luminosity. On the other hand, only for an intermediate stellar mass interval (associated to a transition in galaxy properties) the relation shows a change in galaxy properties with environment. Such distinct behaviours are associated to the large stellar masses of galaxies with the same luminosity in high-density environments. In addition, the well-known star formation-density relation results from the prevalence of massive systems in high-density environments, independently of galaxy luminosity, with the additional observed downsizing in galaxy formation, in which the star formation is shifted from massive galaxies at early times to low-mass galaxies as the Universe evolves. Finally, our results support that a natural path for galaxy evolution proceeds via a nurture way, in the sense that galaxy evolution is accelerated in denser environments, that took place mainly at high redshifts.
Is it all determined at menarche?

Menstrual and reproductive factors may help us understand the female advantage in common cardiovascular lifetime diseases with an obvious protection during the reproductive period. Important developmental and hormonal transitions during a woman’s life are menarche and menopause. Menarche occurs late in pubertal development as an indicator of the beginning of the reproductive period.
Looking inside the black box: assessing model-based learning and inquiry in BioLogicaTM

The Modeling Across the Curriculum Project (MAC; IERI # 0115699, Oct 2001-2006) used real-time assessments to facilitate student learning and model-based inquiry among high school students. We developed technology, materials, and processes that enabled us to monitor and respond to students' actions. MAC learning activities engage students in a progressive model-building approach (Gobert, 2008; White and Frederiksen, 1990). Formative assessments were seamlessly embedded in scaffolding designed to guide model-based learning and inquiry. Because instruction and assessment were integrated, we were able to measure model-based inquiry skills in situ, thus circumventing the problem of assessing inquiry separate from its context (Mislevy et al., 2002). After identifying useful log file data and developing algorithms for analysing that data on a large scale, we identified productive inquiry strategies that correlated with learning gains. Our findings have immediate applicability to the design of tasks intended to elicit and support rich inquiry learning.
Cramming More Components Onto Integrated Circuits

The future of integrated electronics is the future of electronics itself. The advantages of integration will bring about a proliferation of electronics, pushing this science into many new areas. Integrated circuits will lead to such wonders as home computers—or at least terminals connected to a central computer—automatic controls for automobiles, and personal portable communications equipment. The electronic wristwatch needs only a display to be feasible today. But the biggest potential lies in the production of large systems. In telephone communications, integrated circuits in digital filters will separate channels on multiplex equipment. Integrated circuits will also switch telephone circuits and perform data processing. Computers will be more powerful, and will be organized in completely different ways. For example, memories built of integrated electronics may be distributed throughout the machine instead of being concentrated in a central unit. In addition, the improved reliability made possible by integrated circuits will allow the construction of larger processing units. Machines similar to those in existence today will be built at lower costs and with faster turnaround.
A Theory of Regret Regulation 1.0

We propose a theory of regret regulation that distinguishes regret from related emotions, specifies the conditions under which regret is felt, the aspects of the decision that are regretted, and the behavioral implications. The theory incorporates hitherto scattered findings and ideas from psychology, economics, marketing, and related disciplines. By identifying strategies that consumers may employ to regulate anticipated and experienced regret, the theory identifies gaps in our current knowledge and thereby outlines opportunities for future research.
Cloning and characterization of human astrovirus immunoreactive epitopes

We report the cloning of antigenic, protein-coding regions of human astrovirus serotype 1 that appear to be common to most, if not all, serotypes of human astrovirus. Screening of lambda gt11 libraries identified three different but overlapping clones (A43, A35, and A1) and one independent clone (A14) that reacted with serum from a rabbit repeatedly immunized with purified astrovirus particles but not with its preimmunization serum. These clones were shown to be astrovirus specific. Of note, a radiolabeled probe representing the immunoreactive clones A43-A35-A1 hybridized exclusively to the 7.2-kb astrovirus genomic RNA, while a clone A14-specific probe hybridized with both the genomic and the 2.8-kb astrovirus subgenomic RNAs. This suggests that the immunoreactive epitopes, selected by antiserum to purified astrovirus particles, are encoded by the subgenomic RNA as well as other regions of the genomic RNA.
A Topological Approach to Chemical Organizations

Large chemical reaction networks often exhibit distinctive features that can be interpreted as higher-level structures. Prime examples are metabolic pathways in a biochemical context. We review mathematical approaches that exploit the stoichiometric structure, which can be seen as a particular directed hypergraph, to derive an algebraic picture of chemical organizations. We then give an alternative interpretation in terms of set-valued set functions that encapsulate the production rules of the individual reactions. From the mathematical point of view, these functions define generalized topological spaces on the set of chemical species. We show that organization-theoretic concepts also appear in a natural way in the topological language. This abstract representation in turn suggests the exploration of the chemical meaning of well-established topological concepts. As an example, we consider connectedness in some detail.
Multiple-Scattering Microphysics Tomography

Scattering effects in images, including those related to haze, fog and appearance of clouds, are fundamentally dictated by microphysical characteristics of the scatterers. This work defines and derives recovery of these characteristics, in a three-dimensional (3D) heterogeneous medium. Recovery is based on a novel tomography approach. Multi-view (multi-angular) and multi-spectral data are linked to the underlying microphysics using 3D radiative transfer, accounting for multiple-scattering. Despite the nonlinearity of the tomography model, inversion is enabled using a few approximations that we describe. As a case study, we focus on passive remote sensing of the atmosphere, where scatterer retrieval can benefit modeling and forecasting of weather, climate and pollution.
Additional US or DBT after digital mammography: which one is the best combination?

Background Digital mammography (DM) is widespread used for the detection of breast cancer, but its sensitivity drops in dense breasts. It is well known that additional breast ultrasound (US) and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) increase the sensitivity of DM. However, to our knowledge, there are no articles comparing the role of both additional techniques. Purpose To assess the diagnostic performance of DM and the different combinations of DM + additional DBT and DM + additional US in an enriched sample of patients. Material and Methods Retrospective study in an enriched sample of 1042 patients. Out of them, 84 patients had histologically proven malignant lesions and 258 patients had benign lesions. Finally 700 patients with normal explorations or benign lesions without biopsy confirmation (but stable for at least 12 months) were included. All of them underwent DM, US, and DBT examinations that were retrospectively reviewed by one expert radiologist, blinded to the final diagnoses. The DBT examinations were performed using one single view with wide angle (50°). The reader categorized the cases as benign (BI-RADS 1 or 2) or malignant (BI-RADS 3–5) for DM and the different combination of techniques. The sensitivity (SE) and specificity (SP) were calculated with the PEPI software and the ROC curves of the different techniques and combinations were calculated by using the SPSS 15.0 software. Results The SE and SP of DM were 69.05% and 88.20%, respectively. Additional DBT significantly increased the AUC of DM as well as additional US or the combination DM + DBT + US (P < 0.05). However there were no significant differences between the AUC of DM + US and DM + DBT (P = 0.7). Conclusion Additional US, DBT, or both, in combination with DM, significantly increased the AUC of DM. However, there were no significant differences between DM + DBT and DM + US.
Tacholess Envelope Order Analysis and Its Application to Fault Detection of Rolling Element Bearings with Varying Speeds

Vibration analysis is an effective tool for the condition monitoring and fault diagnosis of rolling element bearings. Conventional diagnostic methods are based on the stationary assumption, thus they are not applicable to the diagnosis of bearings working under varying speed. This constraint limits the bearing diagnosis to the industrial application significantly. In order to extend the conventional diagnostic methods to speed variation cases, a tacholess envelope order analysis technique is proposed in this paper. In the proposed technique, a tacholess order tracking (TLOT) method is first introduced to extract the tachometer information from the vibration signal itself. On this basis, an envelope order spectrum (EOS) is utilized to recover the bearing characteristic frequencies in the order domain. By combining the advantages of TLOT and EOS, the proposed technique is capable of detecting bearing faults under varying speeds, even without the use of a tachometer. The effectiveness of the proposed method is demonstrated by both simulated signals and real vibration signals collected from locomotive roller bearings with faults on inner race, outer race and rollers, respectively. Analyzed results show that the proposed method could identify different bearing faults effectively and accurately under speed varying conditions.
Deleted in liver cancer 1 expression and localization in hepatocellular carcinoma tissue sections

The deleted in liver cancer (DLC) protein family is composed of proteins that are hypothesized to function predominantly by regulating the activity of the small GTPases. The aim of the present study was to determine the expression and exact localization of DLC1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tissue sections. In two types of HCC tissues, typical and fibrolamellar, immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent analysis were performed to assess DLC1 immunoreactivity. Additionally, the DLC1 gene status was determined by the fluorescence in situ hybridization. According to the observations, DLC1 is often lost in cancer cells; however, it can remain within the stromal component of tumor sections. The DLC1 immunoreactivity was particularly noticeable within the capsules surrounding the tumor masses. It was found that the DLC1 gene was deleted in 52% of HCC cases. In addition, the hemizygous deletion was observed to be independent of the HCC subtype. The results indicate that although the loss of DLC1 is a common step during hepatocarcinogenesis, this protein may be present in the tumor microenvironment.
Nuclear Gasdynamics in Arp 220: Subkiloparsec-Scale Atomic Hydrogen Disks

We present new, high angular resolution (~0.″22) MERLIN observations of neutral hydrogen (H I) absorption and λ21 cm radio continuum emission across the central ~900 pc of the ultraluminous infrared galaxy Arp 220. Spatially resolved H I absorption is detected against the morphologically complex and extended λ21 cm radio continuum emission, consistent with two counterrotating disks of neutral hydrogen, with a small bridge of gas connecting the two. Column densities across the two nuclei are high, lying in the range 8 × 1019Ts(K) ≲ NH ≲ 2.4 × 1020Ts(K) cm-2 (Ts is spin temperature) and corresponding to optical extinctions of 0.052Ts(K) ≲ AV ≲ 0.155Ts(K) mag, with the higher column densities in the eastern nucleus. Velocity gradients are clearly visible across each nucleus, reaching 1010 ± 20 km s-1 kpc-1 in P.A. ~ 55° and 830 ± 20 km s-1 kpc-1 in P.A. ~ 270° for eastern and western nuclei, respectively. These gradients imply dynamical masses MD = 1.1 × 109( i) (E) and 1.7 × 108( i) M☉ (W), assuming that the neutral gas is distributed in two thin circularly rotating disks. We propose a merger model in which the two nuclei represent the galaxy cores that have survived the initial encounter and are now in the final stages of merging, similar to conclusions drawn from previous CO studies. However, we suggest that instead of being coplanar with the main CO disk (in which the eastern nucleus is embedded), the western nucleus lies above it and, as suggested by the bridge of H I connecting the two nuclei, will soon complete its final merger with the main disk. We suggest that the collection of radio supernovae (RSNe) detected in VLBA studies in the more compact western nucleus represents the second burst of star formation associated with this final merger stage and that free-free absorption due to ionized gas in the bulgelike component can account for the observed RSN distribution.
Development and validation of a Pneumocystis jirovecii real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for diagnosis of Pneumocystis pneumonia

Pneumocystis pneumonia is caused by Pneumocystis jirovecii, an opportunistic fungal pathogen. Presently, many clinical microbiology laboratories rely on direct microscopic detection of P jirovecii. The validation, and clinical and laboratory development of a qualitative P jirovecii real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for the rapid detection of Pneumocystis pneumonia is discussed by the authors. In addition, this new technique is compared with the existing gold-standard immunofluorescence assay.
Hydrology of Yucca Mountain, Nevada

Yucca Mountain, located in southern Nevada in the Mojave Desert, is being considered as a geologic repository for high‐level radioactive waste. Although the site is arid, previous studies indicate net infiltration rates of 5–10 mm yr−1 under current climate conditions. Unsaturated flow of water through the mountain generally is vertical and rapid through the fractures of the welded tuffs and slow through the matrix of the nonwelded tuffs. The vitric‐zeolitic boundary of the nonwelded tuffs below the potential repository, where it exists, causes perching and substantial lateral flow that eventually flows through faults near the eastern edge of the potential repository and recharges the underlying groundwater system. Fast pathways are located where water flows relatively quickly through the unsaturated zone to the water table. For the bulk of the water a large part of the travel time from land surface to the potential repository horizon (∼300 m below land surface) is through the interlayered, low fracture density, nonwelded tuff where flow is predominately through the matrix. The unsaturated zone at Yucca Mountain is being modeled using a three‐dimensional, dual‐continuum numerical model to predict the results of measurements and observations in new boreholes and excavations. The interaction between experimentalists and modelers is providing confidence in the conceptual model and the numerical model and is providing researchers with the ability to plan further testing and to evaluate the usefulness or necessity of further data collection.
Modulations in Oscillatory Frequency and Coupling in Globus Pallidus with Increasing Parkinsonian Severity

While beta oscillations often occur within the parkinsonian basal ganglia, how these oscillations emerge from a naive state and change with disease severity is not clear. To address this question, a progressive, nonhuman primate model of Parkinson's disease was developed using staged injections of MPTP. Within each parkinsonian state (naive, mild, moderate, and severe), spontaneous local field potentials were recorded throughout the sensorimotor globus pallidus. In the naive state, beta oscillations (11–32 Hz) occurred in half of the recordings, indicating spontaneous beta oscillations in globus pallidus are not pathognomonic. Mild and moderate states were characterized by a narrower distribution of beta frequencies that shifted toward the 8–15 Hz range. Additionally, coupling between the phase of beta and the amplitude of high-frequency oscillations (256–362 Hz) emerged in the mild state and increased with severity. These findings provide a novel mechanistic framework to understand how progressive loss of dopamine translates into abnormal information processing in the pallidum through alterations in oscillatory activity. The results suggest that rather than the emergence of oscillatory activity in one frequency spectrum or the other, parkinsonian motor signs may relate more to the development of altered coupling across multiple frequency spectrums.