Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ON TESTS FOR LONG MEMORY PROCESS BEHAVIOR OF INTERNATIONAL TOURISM MARKET: THAILAND AND INDIA

In our research we examine the behaviour of both Thailandâ€™s and Indiaâ€™s international tourism market by using long-memory analysis. The international tourism market of Thailand combined with seven groups such as East Asia, Europe, The Americas, South Asia, Oceania, Middle East and Africa. Similarly, the international tourism market of India combined with nine countries: USA, UK, Canada, Germany, France, Japan, Malaysia, Australia and Sri Lanka. Moreover, three statistical tests for long-memory process such as R/S test, Modified R/S test and GPH-test are employed to study these markets. The empirical findings in general provide more support for long memory process in international tourism market of Thailand and evidence for short-term dependence in international tourism market of India. Therefore, the policy makers of each country should understand the behaviour of long memory process in international tourism market before launching any stimulating campaign to this industry.
Organizational information markets: conceptual foundation and an approach for software project risk management

This dissertation employs both design science and behavioral science research paradigms to investigate an emerging form of technology-enabled human collective intelligence known as information markets. This work establishes a conceptual foundation for the study of organizational information markets and the design and use processes of information markets inside organizations. This research conceptualizes markets from an information systems perspective and presents an information systems research framework for organizational information markets. This work develops a systems theory of information markets to facilitate investigation of the relationships and interactions between markets as systems and their context of use. It proposes a structuration model for design and use of IT artifacts in organizations and applies it to the study of information markets. A framework of market users is developed to guide market design to satisfy the different motivational and informational needs of market users. A design based solution is proposed to an important open question in the information markets literature; how to generate sufficient uninformed trades. This research extends structuration theory by developing the structuration model of technology-induced organization development. A well-designed information market can generate several benefits to organizations that contribute to their growth and development. Due to the importance of software in everyday life, and the high costs and percentages of failure in software projects, this dissertation proposes an information market solution to help organizations better manage the risks facing software projects. It also develops a theoretical framework for the determinants of software project risk assessment accuracy and evaluates the market’s efficacy in improving assessment accuracy via the use of controlled laboratory experiments. The results of the experiments demonstrate the market‘s efficacy in improving assessment accuracy by increasing the currency, accuracy and completeness of reported status information about project main objectives such as cost, schedule, performance and functionality. The results also demonstrate the market’s efficacy in increasing individual willingness to report negative status information by decreasing their perception of information asymmetry between them and management/clients, and by increasing their perception of both the anonymity of the reporting mechanism and their perceived self-interest in reporting negative status information.
Non‐Markovian dynamics in the theory of full counting statistics

We consider the theoretical description of real‐time counting of electrons tunneling through a Coulomb‐blockade quantum dot using a detector with finite bandwidth. By tracing out the quantum dot we find that the dynamics of the detector effectively is non‐Markovian. We calculate the cumulant generating function corresponding to the resulting non‐Markovian rate equation and find that the measured current cumulants behave significantly differently compared to those of a Markovian transport process. Our findings provide a novel interpretation of noise suppression found in a number of systems.
Does inflation harm economic growth?: evidence for the OECD

The purpose of this paper is to study the correlation among growth and inflation at the OECD level, within the framework of the so called convergence equations, and to discuss whether this correlation withstands a number of improvements in the empirical models, which try to address the most corrunon criticisms on this evidence. The main findings are the following: 1) the negative correlation among growth and inflation is not explained by the experience of high­ inflation economies� 2) the estimated costs of inflation are still significant once country-specific effects are allowed for in the empirical model; and 3) the observed correlation cannot be dismissed on the grounds of reverse causation (from GDP to inflation).
On the Optimal Supply of Liquidity with Borrowing Constraints

We characterize policies for the supply of liquidity in an economy where agents have a precautionary savings motive due to random production opportunities and the presence of borrowing constraints. We show that a socially efficient provision of liquidity involves a trade-off between insurance and production incentives. Two scenarios are studied: if no aggregate information is available to the policy maker, constant flat expansions are socially beneficial if unproductive spells are sufficiently long. If some aggregate information is available, a socially beneficial state-dependent policy prescribes expanding the supply of liquidity in recessions and contracting it in expansions.
For objective causal inference, design trumps analysis

For obtaining causal inferences that are objective, and therefore have the best chance of revealing scientific truths, carefully designed and executed randomized experiments are generally considered to be the gold standard. Observational studies, in contrast, are generally fraught with problems that compromise any claim for objectivity of the resulting causal inferences. The thesis here is that observational studies have to be carefully designed to approximate randomized experiments, in particular, without examining any final outcome data. Often a candidate data set will have to be rejected as inadequate because of lack of data on key covariates, or because of lack of overlap in the distributions of key covariates between treatment and control groups, often revealed by careful propensity score analyses. Sometimes the template for the approximating randomized experiment will have to be altered, and the use of principal stratification can be helpful in doing this. These issues are discussed and illustrated using the framework of potential outcomes to define causal effects, which greatly clarifies critical issues. 1. Randomized experiments versus observational studies. 1.1. Historical dichotomy between randomized and nonrandomized studies for causal effects. For may years, causal inference based on randomized experiments, as described, for example, in classic texts by Fisher (1935), Kempthorne (1952), Cochran and Cox (1950 )a ndCox (1958), was an entirely distinct endeavor than causal inference based on observational data sets, described, for example, in texts by Blalock (1964), Kenny (1979), Campbell and Stanley (1963), Cook and Campbell (1979), Rothman (1986), Lilienfeld and Lilienfeld (1976), Maddala (1977 )a ndCochran (1983). This began to change in the 1970’s when the use of potential outcomes, commonly used in the context of randomized experiments to define causal effects since Neyman (1923), was used to define causal effects in both randomized experiments and observational studies [Rubin (1974)]. This allowed the definition of assignment mechanisms [Rubin (1975)], with randomized experiments as special cases, thereby allowing
Planning new infrastructure: Some issues

The presence of positive agglomeration elasticities found in New Zealand and elsewhere (see Mare, 2008; Mare and Graham, 2009) indicates that increasing returns to scale may be present in relation to some infrastructure investments. The possibility of such increasing returns needs to be accounted for in ex ante assessments of the benefits flowing from new infrastructure investments. Increasing returns mean that many infrastructure investments do not stand alone: analysis requires a network approach rather than a specific project analysis. The empirical work outlined in the companion article also points to the importance of considering the options role performed by certain infrastructure investments. The importance of network thinking and the consideration of options complicate the use of traditional cost-benefit analysis (CBA) tools. Other complications also arise in relation to CBA, especially in determining the weightings given to current versus future benefits and to different types of benefit (especially consumption versus production benefits). This article indicates some of the issues that have surfaced as a consequence of the findings of the empirical studies. A fuller examination of these conceptual issues is provided in Grimes (2010a).
The Relationships between Culture and Behavioral Intentions toward Services

Some recent studies have shown that culture influences how consumers perceive service quality. Others have shown the relationship between perceived service quality and behavioral intentions. In this article, the authors study how culture influences behavioral intentions toward services on the basis of services marketing and cross-cultural psychology literature. They tested and found that customers from cultures with lower individualism or higher uncertainty avoidance tend to have a higher intention to praise if they received superior service. On the other hand, the same groups tend not to switch, give negative word of mouth, or complain even if they received poor service quality. Customers from cultures with higher individualism or lower uncertainty avoidance tend to switch, engage in negative word of mouth, or complain if they received poor service quality. But they do not tend to praise when they received superior service. Managerial implications, contribution, and future research directions are also discussed.
De-identification Methods for Open Health Data: The Case of the Heritage Health Prize Claims Dataset

Background There are many benefits to open datasets. However, privacy concerns have hampered the widespread creation of open health data. There is a dearth of documented methods and case studies for the creation of public-use health data. We describe a new methodology for creating a longitudinal public health dataset in the context of the Heritage Health Prize (HHP). The HHP is a global data mining competition to predict, by using claims data, the number of days patients will be hospitalized in a subsequent year. The winner will be the team or individual with the most accurate model past a threshold accuracy, and will receive a US $3 million cash prize. HHP began on April 4, 2011, and ends on April 3, 2013. Objective To de-identify the claims data used in the HHP competition and ensure that it meets the requirements in the US Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) Privacy Rule. Methods We defined a threshold risk consistent with the HIPAA Privacy Rule Safe Harbor standard for disclosing the competition dataset. Three plausible re-identification attacks that can be executed on these data were identified. For each attack the re-identification probability was evaluated. If it was deemed too high then a new de-identification algorithm was applied to reduce the risk to an acceptable level. We performed an actual evaluation of re-identification risk using simulated attacks and matching experiments to confirm the results of the de-identification and to test sensitivity to assumptions. The main metric used to evaluate re-identification risk was the probability that a record in the HHP data can be re-identified given an attempted attack. Results An evaluation of the de-identified dataset estimated that the probability of re-identifying an individual was . 0084, below the . 05 probability threshold specified for the competition. The risk was robust to violations of our initial assumptions. Conclusions It was possible to ensure that the probability of re-identification for a large longitudinal dataset was acceptably low when it was released for a global user community in support of an analytics competition. This is an example of, and methodology for, achieving open data principles for longitudinal health data.
Matching with Frictions and Entry with Poisson Distributed Buyers and Sellers.

I consider a directed search model with population uncertainty. Buyers and sellers are randomly drawn from independent Poisson distributions. This provides a simple justification for the usual equilibrium selection where only symmetric randomizations by buyers are considered, because any equilibrium is payoff equivalent to such symmetric equilibrium. The Poisson assumption also makes the model more tractable, making it possible to handle entry, which is difficult with a fixed finite set of sellers. I also demonstrate that the Poisson model belongs to a more general class of models in which prices are strategic complements. In this class, equilibria are unique if there is a unique symmetric equilibrium.
Morphine versus Nalbuphine for Open Gynaecological Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Double Blinded Trial

Introduction. Pain is the commonest morbidity after open surgical procedures. The most effective treatment of postoperative pain is opioid therapy. Morphine, the commonly used opioid, is associated with many side effects including respiratory depression, sedation, postoperative nausea vomiting, and pruritus. Nalbuphine, on the other hand, is known to cause less respiratory depression. Thus this study was undertaken to compare the intraoperative and postoperative analgesic efficacy and side effect profile of the two drugs. Methodology. 60 patients undergoing open gynaecological surgery were randomized to receive either morphine (Group M) or nalbuphine (Group N) in the intraoperative and postoperative period. Intraoperative analgesic efficacy (measured by need for rescue analgesics), postoperative pain by visual analogue scale, and side effects like postoperative nausea, vomiting, sedation, respiratory depression, and pruritus were compared in both groups. Intraoperative and postoperative heart rate and blood pressure were also compared between the groups. Results. Need for intraoperative analgesia was significantly more in Group N (P = 0.023). Postoperative VAS scores were significantly different between the groups at various time points; however, none of the patients required any rescue analgesia. The incidence of various side effects was not significantly different between the groups. The haemodynamic profile of patients was comparable between the groups in both intraoperative and postoperative period. Conclusion. Nalbuphine provides less effective intraoperative analgesia than morphine in patients undergoing open gynaecological surgery under general anaesthesia. Both drugs, however, provided similar postoperative analgesia and had similar haemodynamic and side effect profile.
Wealth Inequality and the Optimal Level of Government Debt

In this paper, we quantitatively analyze to what extent a benevolent government should issue debt in a model where households are subject to idiosyncratic productivity shocks, insurance markets are missing and borrowing is restricted. In this environment, issuing government bonds facilitates saving for self-insurance. Despite this, we find that in a calibrated version of the model that is consistent with the skewed wealth and earnings distribution observable in the U.S., the government should buy private bonds, and not issue public debt in the long run. The reason is that in the U.S., a large fraction of the population has almost no wealth or is even in debt. The wealth-poor, however, do not profit from an increase in the interest rate following an increase in public debt. Instead, they gain from higher wages that result from a reduction in debt. We show that even when the short run costs of higher capital taxation are taken into account, it still pays off to reduce government debt on overall. Moreover, we find that endogenizing household’s borrowing constraints by assuming limited commitment leads to even higher asset levels being optimal in the long run.
MiR-124 Promote Neurogenic Transdifferentiation of Adipose Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Partly through RhoA/ROCK1, but Not ROCK2 Signaling Pathway

Objective Some recent studies suggest that multiple miRNAs might regulate neurogenic transdifferentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). In the present study, we hypothesized that the miR-124 can repress the expression of RhoA upon the neurogenesis of adipose derived MSCs (ADMSCs). Methods MiRNA expression dynamics during neurogenic transdifferentiation of ADMSCs were measured. The expression of neuron-specific enolase (NSE), Tuj-1 (Neuron-specific class III beta-tubulin) and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), as well as electrophysiological properties, were detected after neurogenic transdifferentiation. The targeting of miR-124 over RhoA was verified by dual luciferase assay, qRT-PCR and western blot. The functions of miR-124 and the RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway were studied using gain and loss of function experiments in vitro. Results MiR-124 is significantly upregulated during neurogenic transdifferentiation of ADMSCs. Knockdown of endogenous miR-124 hampered neurogenic transdifferentiation and the acquired electrophysiological properties. MiR-124 could directly target RHOA mRNA and repress its expression, through which it increased the proportion of transdifferentiated (transdiff.) cells with positive NSE, Tuj-1 and GFAP. RhoA/ROCK1, but not ROCK2 is a downstream signaling pathway of miR-124 in the process of transdifferentiation. Conclusion MiR-124 is an important miRNA modulating neurogenic transdifferentiation of ADMSCs at least partly via the miR-124/RhoA/ROCK1 signaling pathway. These findings provided some fundamental information for future use of ADMSCs as an agent for regenerative medicine and cell therapy for neurological diseases.
A histological and clinical study on oral cancer: descriptive analyses of 365 cases.

UNLABELLED Cancer is the second cause of death in Portugal right after cardio vascular diseases. In Portugal the incidence of oral and pharynx cancer (OPC) is higher than uterus and larynx cancers, and in US its frequency is higher than melanoma or uterus cancer, diseases that concern more population than oral cancer. AIMS The aim of this paper is to identify preferable anatomic location for oral cancer, mean age of patients, the use of tobacco and alcohol, histological characteristics, staging, type of therapeutics, presence of metastases and 1 and 5 year follow up. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data was collected from clinical charts of 365 cases from the Centro de Lisboa do Instituto Portugues de Oncologia with histological confirmation of malign tumor of the mouth. These cases are the total of oral malign tumors in the years of 1997, 1998 and 1999 in that institution. RESULTS We observe that despite modern diagnostic and treatment techniques 37,9% of all patients died after first year with evidence of tumor. From all patients just 23,7% were free of disease after 5 years of treatment. Tongue was the principal region affected and the average age was 62, 25 years. It was concluded that 57, 8% of patient were smokers and 43,8% were alcohol drinkers. A high number of patients were submitted to radiotherapy either alone or with other treatment options.
Validity of the DISABKIDS® - Cystic Fibrosis Module for Brazilian children and adolescents 1

OBJECTIVES: to validate the health-related quality of life measuring instrument DISABKIDS® - Cystic Fibrosis Module (self version) for Brazilian children and adolescents. METHOD: methodological study in which a sample of 113 participants (54 girls and 59 boys; mean age 11.91 years and SD=2.79) was considered, from four Brazilian states, São Paulo, Paraná, Minas Gerais and the Federal District, 51 of whom participated in the pilot study and 62 in the field study. The answers to the questionnaire were analyzed, considering the frequency distributions with regard to the floor and ceiling effects, Cronbach's Alpha statistics, Pearson's Linear Correlation Coefficient, Mulitrait-Multimethod analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis according to Structural Equations Modeling. RESULTS: the instrument showed a high internal consistency coefficient (verified using Cronbach's Alpha) and construct validity, according to the Multitrait-Multimethod analysis. The DISABKIDS® - Cystic Fibrosis Module, self version, maintained the same factorial structure as in the originally proposed model. CONCLUSION: the instrument validation has been finished and indicates that the self version is validated for use in Brazil and can be included into the monitoring routine of this population.
Migrant Farmworker Students: Decisions Involved in Post-Secondary Participation and Success.

A mail survey was conducted of all migrant youth who had received awards from the Gloria and Joseph Mattera National Scholarship Fund for Migrant Children during l986-1992. Of the 354 scholarship recipients, 129 responded. In addition, 26 scholarship recipients were interviewed through structured telephone surveys. Over 92 percent of the mail respondents were Hispanic, with over 84 percent indicating that their home language was Spanish. Respondents indicated that.31 percent of financial aid was scholarships and fellowships, 22 percent was loans, and 33 percent was work or work-study. Approximately half indicated that the family and themselves were the most significant factors affecting decisions to enter and to continue postsecondary education. The most frequently mentioned obstacle to postsecondary education was lack of financial support. The greatest benefits acquired from college experience were access to a career, personal growth and knowledge, and increased self-confidence. Advice provided by respondents to other migrant students planning on attending college included talking to counselors, setting high goals, being persistent and open-minded, and applying what they had learned in school to life and careers. The document contains data tables, graphs, and survey questionnaires. (KS) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** Migrant Farm worker Students: Decisions Involved in Post-Secondary Participation and Success BOARD Of CoOfIRAME EDuCAnottAL SERVICES Geneseo Migrant Center Holcomb Building 210-211 Geneseo NY 14454 U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educabonel Research and Improvement . 1)UCAT1ONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) /This document haS been reproduced es received from the person or orgenization originating it O Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction chattily Points of view Of oprniOns staled in this document do not necessarily represent &hoist OERI positan Or policy 2 BEST COPY AVAILABLE Migrant Farm worker Students: Decisions In in Post-Secondary Participation and Success Prepared by: Dr. Susan B. Duran META Associates 80127 With funding through: The Office of Educational Research and Improvement U.S. Department of Education Washington, DC 20201 BOARD Of COOPERAM E EDUCATIONAL SERVICES Geneseo Migrant Center Holcomb Building 210-211 Geneseo NY 14454