Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Serum Levels of Anti-Hepatitis B Surface Antibody Among Vaccinated Population Aged 1 to 18 Years in Ahvaz City Southwest of Iran

Background: The duration of protection following primary series vaccination against hepatitis B is unknown in children and adolescents. It has been shown that the level of anti-hepatitis B surface antigen antibodies (anti HBs Ab) declines over years after vaccination. Objectives: The aim of this study was to estimate the long-term immunity against hepatitis B virus infection among children and adolescents who had received a complete hepatitis B vaccination series during infancy. Patients and Methods: In a cross-sectional study, the - anti-HBsAb levels of 840 vaccinated children and adolescents were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Hepatitis B seroprotection rates (anti HBsAb ≥ 10 IU/L) among vaccinated children and adolescents aged 1 and 18 years were 90% and 48.9%, respectively. The declining trend of geometric mean titer of anti-HBsAb levels was observed as changed from 272.3 IU/L to 94.1 IU/L in 1 and 18-year-old population, respectively. A significant negative correlation was found between age and anti-HBsAb levels (r = - 0.220, P = 0.0001). Conclusions: The results showed a declining trend in anti-HBsAb titers over the time after vaccination against hepatitis B virus in our region. Further studies are warranted to establish the need for a booster dose in cases that are at risk of hepatitis B virus infection.
Le gisement pléistocène supérieur de la grotte de Jaurens à Nespouls, Corrèze, France : Les carnivores (Mammalia, Carnivora). III. Ursidae, Ursus arctos Linnaeus

Le gisement de Jaurens a livre les restes d'un grand urside. Au minimum, six individus sont representes. A la suite d'un traumatisme, le crâne d'un mâle adulte a subi une deformation spectaculaire au niveau du museau et du front. L'etude a ete menee en comparaison avec les especes Ursus arctos, U. deningeri et. U. spelaeus. L'urside de Jaurens s'accorde, par la taille, les proportions du squelette, les caracteres dentaires, avec les grands ours wurmiens de l'Europe rapportes a U. arctos.
hnRNP proteins and B23 are the major proteins of the internal nuclear matrix of HeLa S3 cells

The nuclear matrix is the structure that persists after removal of chromatin and loosely bound components from the nucleus. It consists of a peripheral lamina‐pore complex and an intricate internal fibrogranular structure. Little is known about the molecular structure of this proteinaceous internal network. Our aim is to identify the major proteins of the internal nuclear matrix of HeLa S3 cells. To this end, a cell fraction containing the internal fibrogranular structure was compared with one from which this structure had been selectively dissociated. Protein compositions were quantitatively analyzed after high‐resolution two‐dimensional gel electrophoresis. We have identified the 21 most abundant polypeptides that are present exclusively in the internal nuclear matrix. Sixteen of these proteins are heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein (hnRNP) proteins. B23 (numatrin) is another abundant protein of the internal nuclear matrix. Our results show that most of the quantitatively major polypeptides of the internal nuclear matrix are proteins involved in RNA metabolism, including packaging and transport of RNA. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Quantitative Evaluation of Sonophoresis Efficiency and Its Dependence on Sonication Parameters and Particle Size

Transdermal drug delivery makes a critical contribution to medical practice and some advantages over conventional oral administration and hypodermic injection. Enhancement of percutaneous absorption or penetration of therapeutic agents (ie, drugs and macromolecules) by ultrasound, termed sonophoresis, has been applied and studied for decades. In this study, the penetration percentage through porcine ear skin specimens was determined quantitatively by measuring the fluorescence from nanoparticles of 60, 220, and 840 nm in size in a receptor chamber at different sonication parameters (ie, duty cycle, 20%–100%; acoustic intensity, 0.3–1.0 W/cm2; duration, 7–30 minutes; and frequency, 1 MHz). In general, the sonophoresis efficiency increased with the acoustic intensity, duty cycle, and sonication duration but decreased with the particle size (mean ± SD, 62.6% ± 5.4% for 60‐nm versus 11.9% ± 1.1% for 840‐nm polystyrene nanospheres after 30 minutes of sonication at 0.5 W/cm2 and a 100% duty cycle; P < .05). On scanning electron microscopy the pore size remained the same (≈100 μm), but more flakes were observed with the progress of sonication. In summary, sonophoresis efficiency is dependent on the ultrasound parameters and particle size. Sufficient sonication would lead to satisfactory penetration of even submicrometer objects through the pores.
Factors in Cardiac Risk Stratification of Candidates for Renal Transplant

Background Renal transplant candidates are at high risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiac events. Methods This study evaluated five clinical risk factors – age at least 50 years, insulin-requiring diabetes mellitus, angina, congestive heart failure and an abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) (excluding left ventricular hypertrophy) – that had been used in the first tier of a two-tiered prospectively applied risk stratification algorithm. Results Using multiple logistic regression analysis, age at least 50 years, abnormal ECG, and diabetes mellitus were independently predictive of cardiac death. Of the two remaining clinical risk factors, the presence of angina had independent predictive value for nonfatal cardiac events (myocardial infarction, coronary angioplasty, bypass surgery, and unstable angina). The independent predictive value of congestive heart failure approached statistical significance. Conclusion Clinical risk-factor analysis is helpful in identifying renal transplant candidates at high risk for fatal or nonfatal cardiac events.
Peak flow rate in relation to forced expiratory volume in hemp workers

Žuškin, E. , and Valić, F. (1971). Brit. J. industr. Med.,28, 159-163. Peak flow rate in relation to forced expiratory volume in hemp workers. Measurements of the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1·0) and the peak expiratory flow rate (PEF) were made in 99 non-smoking female hemp workers before and after the shift. A significant mean reduction of both FEV1·0 and PEF (P<0·01) over the shift was found in workers both with and without byssinosis but the relative reductions of PEF were more pronounced (FEV1·0 15·3%; PEF 20·8%). There was a significant positive correlation (P<0·01) both between absolute FEV1·0 and PEF values measured before work (with byssinosis r = 0·605; without byssinosis r = 0·461), and between FEV1·0 and PEF changes over the shift (with byssinosis r = 0·725; without byssinosis r = 0·631). There was also a significant correlation between FEV1·0 and PEF changes following Alupent inhalation after the shift with more pronounced effects on PEF. The coefficients of variation in FEV1·0 and PEF measurements (by the Bernstein type spirometer and the Wright peak flow meter) proved approximately equal.
Dissecting the PI3K Signaling Axis in Pediatric Solid Tumors: Novel Targets for Clinical Integration

Children with solid tumors represent a unique population. Recent improvements in pediatric solid tumor survival rates have been confined to low- and moderate-risk cancers, whereas minimal to no notable improvement in survival have been observed in high-risk and advanced-stage childhood tumors. Treatments for patients with advanced disease are rarely curative, and responses to therapy are often followed by relapse, which highlights the large unmet need for novel therapies. Recent advances in cancer treatment have focused on personalized therapy, whereby patients are treated with agents that best target the molecular drivers of their disease. Thus, a better understanding of the pathways that drive cancer or drug resistance is of critical importance. One such example is the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, which is activated in many solid cancer patients and represents a target for therapy. PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway activation has also been observed in tumors resistant to agents targeting upstream receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). Agents that target this pathway have the potential to shut down survival pathways, and are being explored both in the setting of pathway-activating mutations and for their ability to restore sensitivity to upstream signaling targeted agents. Here, we examine the role of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in pediatric solid tumors, review the novel agents being explored to target this pathway, and explore the potential role of the inhibition of this pathway in the clinical development of these agents in children.
The experience of mathematical beauty and its neural correlates

Many have written of the experience of mathematical beauty as being comparable to that derived from the greatest art. This makes it interesting to learn whether the experience of beauty derived from such a highly intellectual and abstract source as mathematics correlates with activity in the same part of the emotional brain as that derived from more sensory, perceptually based, sources. To determine this, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to image the activity in the brains of 15 mathematicians when they viewed mathematical formulae which they had individually rated as beautiful, indifferent or ugly. Results showed that the experience of mathematical beauty correlates parametrically with activity in the same part of the emotional brain, namely field A1 of the medial orbito-frontal cortex (mOFC), as the experience of beauty derived from other sources.
Preliminary Evaluation of the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder Water Vapor Over China Against High‐Resolution Radiosonde Measurements

The accuracy of the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) water vapor product in China is as yet unknown due to the lack of collocated in situ sounding observations. Based on high‐resolution soundings at 1400 Beijing time from 113 radiosonde sites across China, along with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and the Global Positioning System (GPS) data sets, a preliminary assessment has been conducted of AIRS water vapor mixing ratio (q) and precipitable water vapor (PWV) products in June 2013 and June 2014. Comparison between AIRS and radiosonde data suggests that the correlation coefficient (R) and mean bias of these two q products in China exhibit a distinct geographical dependence (with the highest R values in northwest China). This suggests that the AIRS q product tends to be underestimated in southeast China where cloud cover prevails, but overestimated in northwest China where cloud cover is sparse. With regard to the height‐resolved distribution, the q products from both AIRS and radiosondes tend to decrease with increasing altitude, irrespective of the particular region. The spatial distribution of AIRS PWV is consistent with that from radiosonde‐derived PWV, except in south China where the AIRS PWV data set is considerably underestimated. The accuracy of the AIRS water vapor product tends to be impaired under highly cloudy conditions, corroborating the notion of clouds affecting the retrieval of AIRS PWV. Our findings highlight the importance of afternoon sounding measurements in validating AIRS data and call for the improved understanding of the role of water vapor in the context of global climate change.
Biodegradable Polyglycolide Endovascular Coils Promote Wall Thickening and Drug Delivery in a Rat Aneurysm Model

OBJECTIVEWe designed biodegradable polyglycolide coils (BPCs) and compared the histopathological response to the coils with that to platinum Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs), after insertion into ligated common carotid arteries (CCAs) of adult rats. BPCs were also tested for use in local drug delivery. METHODSSegments (4-mm) of unmodified BPCs, unmodified GDCs, or BPCs coated with Type I bovine collagen and recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor-165 (500 &mgr;g/ml) were inserted into ligated CCAs of adult rats for 14 days, and specimens were compared with contralateral CCA control specimens. RESULTSArterial segments with BPCs exhibited substantially increased wall thickening, compared with GDCs (0.33 mm versus 0.10 mm, P < 0.005), which reduced the luminal diameter by 40%, relative to untreated contralateral control specimens (P < 0.05, n = 6). Arterial segments with BPCs also exhibited a marked reduction (P < 0.05, n = 6) in luminal area (0.72 ± 0.93 mm2), with marked cellular proliferation within the coil diameter, indicating coil integration. Arterial segments with collagen/recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor-coated BPCs also exhibited a marked 2.9-fold increase (P < 0.005, n = 5) in wall thickness (0.29 ± 0.11 mm) and a 34% reduction in luminal diameter, compared with contralateral control vessels. There was marked proliferation of cells within the coil lumen of vessels treated with BPCs with collagen/recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor. CONCLUSIONIn this feasibility study, BPCs enhanced the vascular response of CCA segments, compared with GDCs, and were also suitable for local protein delivery to the vessel lumen, under conditions of stasis and arterial pressurization of vascular cells.
Parental affective style risk and the family system: a social relations model analysis.

Social relations model analysis was used to clarify family dynamics associated with parental affective style, an index of parent-to-child behavior associated with severe psychopathology in the child. Results from 70 families who had sought clinical services for an adolescent family member (39 girls and 31 boys) suggest (a) that adolescents elicit the negative parental affective style that puts them at risk and (b) that elicitation of negative parental affect is strongly tied to adolescents' expression of negative affect toward their parents (i.e., a reciprocity effect). The findings support the views that children contribute to their own risk of psychopathology and that parent-child behavior ought to be interpreted in the broader context of the family system.
Spatial localisation of closeness and betweenness measures: a self-contradictory but useful form of network analysis

Closeness and betweenness are forms of spatial network analysis grounded in a long standing tradition of measuring accessibility and flow potential. More recently, these measures have been enhanced by the concept of spatial localisation, producing effective models for the prediction of pedestrian and vehicle driver behaviour. A contradiction arises where the distance metric used to define locality does not match the distance metric used to define shortest paths for closeness and betweenness. A typical case is the use of angular shortest paths within a Euclidean buffer as a pedestrian flow model. Such a model assumes that people make a mode choice based on distance, but a route choice based on least angular change – even when this results in an excessively long “problem route ” , which conflicts with their criterion for mode choice. This study examines the prevalence of problem routes and the magnitude of their effect on some pedestrian and vehicle models. We show that while in a weighted analysis, pathological cases could invalidate an entire model, in the models presented the effect of this contradiction is minor. We do this by comparing model predictions to real flow data, using four strategies for handling problem routes: ignore, discard, reroute and strict locality. Strict locality is justified on grounds of bounded rationality. We find all strategies to give broadly similar results, although the reroute and strict strategies give marginally better simulation accuracy. We also present a discussion of the characteristics of each strategy, and findings on computational efficiency. We conclude that it is prudent in any computation of localised closeness and betweenness to consider the impact of problem routes; however they do not necessarily invalidate these forms of analysis, which remain useful.
Prospecting Application of Nanoparticles and Nearly Nanoscale Particles Within Plant Tissues

Element concentration analysis used in vegetation geochemical prospecting has acquired many achievements. Nevertheless, its limitations cannot be denied, which lead to the research subject of this paper. Plant samples were collected from Fankou lead–zinc deposit. Through high‐resolution analysis of transmission electron microscopy, here we show detailed information regarding nanoparticles and nearly nanoscale particles within natural plant tissues, whose compositions are mainly metallic elements (metal‐bearing particles). The particles exhibit a wide size range (from 30 nm to 1.5 µm in one dimension), diverse shapes and smooth edges. Natural Au particles could be observed. Pb‐, Zn‐, Ag‐, Cr‐bearing particles could be detected frequently as well, along with elemental S. Combined with the results of the background sample, a relationship between the particles contained in mine plant bodies and the known orebody buried underground was demonstrated. A continuous process whereby metallic elements are transferred from concealed orebody to the ground surface and then preserved within plant bodies has been taken into consideration. We verify the feasibility in theory and practice, and propose a model that particles contained in plant tissues can be applied to the exploration of deep concealed metal deposits, which may improve the accuracy and sensitivity of blind ore prospecting.
Antibody-Mediated Targeting of the Orai1 Calcium Channel Inhibits T Cell Function

Despite the attractiveness of ion channels as therapeutic targets, there are no examples of monoclonal antibodies directed against ion channels in clinical development. Antibody-mediated inhibition of ion channels could offer a directed, specific therapeutic approach. To investigate the potential of inhibiting ion channel function with an antibody, we focused on Orai1, the pore subunit of the calcium channel responsible for store-operated calcium entry (SOCE) in T cells. Effector T cells are key drivers of autoimmune disease pathogenesis and calcium signaling is essential for T cell activation, proliferation, and cytokine production. We show here the generation of a specific anti-human Orai1 monoclonal antibody (mAb) against an extracellular loop of the plasma membrane-spanning protein. The anti-Orai1 mAb binds native Orai1 on lymphocytes and leads to cellular internalization of the channel. As a result, T cell proliferation, and cytokine production is inhibited in vitro. In vivo, anti-Orai1 mAb is efficacious in a human T cell-mediated graft-versus host disease (GvHD) mouse model. This study demonstrates the feasibility of antibody-mediated inhibition of Orai1 function and, more broadly, reveals the possibility of targeting ion channels with biologics for the treatment of autoimmunity and other diseases.
Representing Animations by Principal Components

In this paper, we present a representation for three‐dimensional geometric animation sequences. Different from standard key‐frame techniques, this approach is based on the determination of principal animation components and decouples the animation from the underlying geometry. The new representation supports progressive animation compression with spatial, as well as temporal, level‐of‐detail and high compression ratios. The distinction of animation and geometry allows for mapping animations onto other objects.
Complementary Profiling of Gene Expression at the Transcriptome and Proteome Levels in Saccharomyces cerevisiae*S

Using an integrated genomic and proteomic approach, we have investigated the effects of carbon source perturbation on steady-state gene expression in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae growing on either galactose or ethanol. For many genes, significant differences between the abundance ratio of the messenger RNA transcript and the corresponding protein product were observed. Insights into the perturbative effects on genes involved in respiration, energy generation, and protein synthesis were obtained that would not have been apparent from measurements made at either the messenger RNA or protein level alone, illustrating the power of integrating different types of data obtained from the same sample for the comprehensive characterization of biological systems and processes.
Endoscopic Ultrasonography-Guided Ethanol Ablation for Small Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors: Results of a Pilot Study

Background/Aims Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS)-guided ethanol ablation is gaining popularity for the treatment of focal pancreatic lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the safety, feasibility, and treatment response after EUS-guided ethanol injection for small pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (p-NETs). Methods This was a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected database including 11 consecutive patients with p-NETs who underwent EUS-guided ethanol injection. Results EUS-guided ethanol injection was successfully performed in 11 patients with 14 tumors. The final diagnosis was based on histology and clinical signs as follows: 10 non-functioning neuroendocrine tumors and four insulinomas. During follow-up (median, 370 days; range, 152 to 730 days), 10 patients underwent clinical follow-up after treatment, and one patient was excluded because of loss to follow-up. A single treatment session with an injection of 0.5 to 3.8 mL of ethanol resulted in complete responses (CRs) at the 3-month radiologic imaging for seven of 13 tumors (response rate, 53.8%). Multiple treatment sessions performed in three tumors with residual viable enhancing tissue increased the number of tumors with CRs to eight of 13 (response rate, 61.5%). Mild pancreatitis occurred in three of 11 patients. Conclusions EUS-guided ethanol injection appears to be a safe, feasible, and potentially effective method for treating small p-NETs in patients who are poor surgical candidates.
HIPimm: verifying granular immutability guarantees

HIPimm, an extension of the HIP/SLEEK automatic verification system, offers immutability guarantees on top of ensuring functional correctness for heap-manipulating programs. The extra capability of HIPimm, as compared to its precursor, is the ability to reason about immutability guarantees in a granular manner.For this purpose, we enhance the specification language with immutability annotations which provide the means to assert whether the annotated heap can be mutated or whether is inaccessible. As part of user defined predicates, these annotations are integrated at the data field level offering granular immutability guarantees. An immediate result of this new functionality is a finer level of precision in the verification process of programs involving heap data structures. That is, we enable the verification of program properties such as preservation of data structures shapes and/or values, flexible aliases, and information leakage prevention.