Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mind how you answer me!: transparently authenticating the user of a smartphone when answering or placing a call

In this paper we propose a new biometric measure to authenticate the user of a smartphone: the movement the user performs when answering (or placing) a phone call. The biometric measure leverages features that are becoming commodities in new smartphones, i.e. accelerometer and orientation sensors. We argue that this new biometric measure has a unique feature. That is, it allows a transparent authentication (not requiring an additional specific interaction for this) to check that the user that is answering (or placing) a phone call is the one authorized to do that. At the same time, this biometric measure can also be used as a non transparent authentication method, e.g. the user may need to move the phone as if answering a call, in order to unlock the phone to get access to SMSs or emails. As a consequence of being a biometric measure, an adversary that spies on the movement (e.g. captures it with a camera) and tries to replicate it, will not be granted access to the phone. We prototyped our solution and conducted several experiments to assess its feasibility. Results show that the method is effective, and the performance is comparable to that of other transparent authentication methods, like face or voice recognition.
Trends in colorectal cancer in the elderly in Denmark, 1980–2012

Abstract Background Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease of the older population. The current demographic ageing leads to more elderly patients and is expected to further increase the number of patients with CRC. The objective of the present paper is to outline incidence, mortality and prevalence from 1980 to 2012 and survival data from 1968 to 2012 in Danish CRC patients focusing on the impact of ageing. Material and methods Data were derived from the NORDCAN database with comparable data on cancer incidence, mortality, prevalence and relative survival in the Nordic countries, where the Danish data are delivered from the Danish Cancer Registry and the Danish Cause of Death Registry with follow-up for death or emigration until the end of 2013. This study focuses on the elderly population categorized in six age groups. Results The incidence of CRC has increased over the past three decades. Incidence rate has increased in patients with colon cancer, but showed a decreasing trend in the oldest patients with rectal and anal cancer. Mortality has diminished in younger patients with colon cancer, but increased with increasing age. However, mortality did not increase proportionally to incidence. In rectal and anal cancer mortality has decreased, except among the oldest patients. This correlates to a decreasing incidence rate. Prevalence is widely increasing mainly because of increased incidence and longer survival, which is reflected in the increasing one- and five-year age-specific relative survival after a diagnosis of colon, rectal and anal cancer. Conclusion The incidence of CRC is increasing, especially in older citizens, and mortality increases with older age. There is limited knowledge on how to optimize treatment in older CRC patients and future focus must be how to select and tailor the treatment for older CRC patients.
A review of wire arc additive manufacturing and advances in wire arc additive manufacturing of aluminium

ABSTRACT Although wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) has proven its capability of fulfilling demands of production of medium-to-large-scale components for automotive and allied sectors made up of aluminium, at present, WAAM cannot be applied as a fully fledged manufacturing process because of practical challenges such as under-matched mechanical properties, the presence of large residual stresses and mandatory post-deposition operation for the formed component. This paper is a review of WAAM technology including a brief of WAAM history, status, advantages and constraints of the WAAM field. A focus is provided including the efforts directed towards the reduction of porosity, tensile properties, microstructural investigations and other valuable advancements in the field of WAAM of aluminium. This review was submitted as part of the 2018 Materials Literature Review Prize of the Institute of Materials, Minerals and Mining run by the Editorial Board of MST. Sponsorship of the prize by TWI Ltd is gratefully acknowledged.
Understanding ontological engineering

Ontological engineering has garnered increasing attention over the last few years, as researchers have recognized ontologies are not just for knowledge-based systems---all software needs models of the world, and hence can make use of ontologies at design time [1]. A recent survey of the field [4] suggests developers of practical AI systems may especially benefit from their use. This survey earmarked several application classes that benefit from using ontologies, including natural language processing, intelligent information retrieval (especially from the Internet), virtual organizations, and simulation and modeling.
Long-Term Transgene Expression in Mice Infected with a Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Mutant Severely Impaired for Immediate-Early Gene Expression

ABSTRACT The role of viral immediate-early (IE) gene expression in herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) latency was investigated. The HSV-1 multiple mutant in1312, defective for the expression of the virion transactivator VP16 and the IE proteins ICP0 and ICP4, was used as the parent for these studies. The coding sequences of theEscherichia coli lacZ gene, preceded by the encephalomyocarditis virus internal ribosome entry site, were inserted into the region of in1312 that encodes the latency-associated transcripts (LATs) such that transcription of the transgene was controlled by the LAT promoter. This insert has previously been shown to direct long-term latent-phase expression of β-galactosidase in a wild-type HSV-1 genome (R. H. Lachmann and S. Efstathiou, J. Virol. 71, 3197–3207, 1997). The resulting recombinant, in1388, was apathogenic after inoculation into mice via the footpad and did not detectably replicate in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) or footpads. Mutant in1388 established latency in DRG, and β-galactosidase was expressed in increasing numbers of neurons over the first 25 days of infection. During latency, more than 1% of neurons in ganglia that innervate the footpad expressed β-galactosidase, with the number of positive cells remaining constant for at least 5 months. Rescue of the VP16, ICP0, or ICP4 mutations of in1388 did not affect the number of β-galactosidase-expressing neurons detected during latency. The results demonstrate that HSV-1 mutants severely impaired for IE gene expression are capable of establishing latency and efficiently expressing a foreign gene product under control of the LAT promoter.
Age Related Differences in Language Usage and Reading between English Monolinguals and Bilinguals

This study investigates age related differences in standardized tests scores of language usage and reading from elementary to high school for students who are either monolinguals whose L1 is English or bilinguals whose L1 is not English. An interactioneffect between grade level andreading and language usage standardized test scores was hypothesized because as bilinguals become proficient in Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP) in English,they are able tonarrow the ‘achievement gap’in comparison to their monolingual classmates and even experience cognitive advantages (Cummins, 1999). Participants were 1081 students from an international school. Language usage and readingwere measured using MAP standardized achievement tests.The2x2 ANOVA showed an interaction between grade level and languages spoken on language usage (p 0.05). A main effect was found for languages spoken andgrade level on reading (p<0.05). Significant differences exist between bilingual and monolingualsand these differences change over time. As bilingual students are immersed in English education, their performance on standardized tests catches up with their monolingual counterparts by grade 5 for language usage but not for reading, but no cognitive advantages are shown.
Commissioning Of A Dynamic Mechanical Analyzerfor The Characterization Of Low Temperature Nitife Shape Memory Alloys

NiTiFe shape memory alloys can undergo transformations between cubic, trigonal and monoclinic phases at low temperatures. The low hysteresis associated with the trigonal R-phase transformation make them candidates for actuator applications at low temperatures. However, the literature available on these alloys is limited and there is a need to establish processing structure-property correlations. This study was undertaken with the objective of determining and understanding such correlations in a Ni46.8Ti50Fe3. 2 alloy. First, a dynamic mechanical analyzer (DMA) was successfully commissioned to facilitate mechanical testing between -150 and 600oC. The experiments performed over selected ranges of stress and temperature probed a range of deformation phenomena in these materials. In addition to conventional elastic and dislocation based plastic deformation, also probed were stress-induced formation of the R- and martensite (B19') phases, and twinning in the R- and martensite (B19') phases. Constrained recovery experiments, wherein phase transformations were thermally induced against external loads, were also performed to assess the performance of these alloys in actuator applications. In addition to a DMA, a differential scanning calorimeter, liquid helium dilatometer and a transmission electron microscope were also used. The samples tested were subjected to different thermo-mechanical processing parameters (i.e., percentage of cold work, solutionizing, aging, and annealing time/temperature). Selected combinations of cold work and annealing temperature/times were found to result in narrower transformations (in temperature space), making such alloys of value in cyclic actuator applications. Thus this work contributed to further understand the processing-structure-property relationship in NiTiFe alloys that exhibit the R-phase transformation and in lowering the operating temperature range of shape-memory alloys in order for them to be used in hydrogen related technologies. The immediate benefit to NASA Kennedy Space Center is the development of a shape-memory thermal conduction switch for application in cryogenic liquefaction, densification and zero boil-off systems. This is being extended to include the potential use of shape-memory alloy actuator elements for cryogenic seals, valves, fluid-line repair, self-healing gaskets, and even to ambient debris-less separation and latch/release mechanisms. The financial support of NASA through grant NAG3-2751 is gratefully acknowledged.
Urinary markers in bladder cancer

The natural history of superficial bladder cancer (SBC) is unique in its propensity for A local recurrence over the course of a patient’s life. Although the statistical probability of developing invasive disease can be assessed from the histology and pattern of recurrence, it can never be completely discounted in an individual patient even in the lowest risk group. For this reason, patients with SBC are subjected to a long-term endoscopic follow-up.
Efficient Even Distribution of Power Consumption in Wireless Sensor Networks

One of the limitations of wireless sensor nodes is their inherent limited energy resource. Besides maximizing the lifetime of the sensor node, it is preferable to distribute the energy dissipated throughout the wireless sensor network in order to minimize maintenance and maximize overall system performance. We investigate a new routing algorithm that uses diffusion in order to achieve relatively even power dissipation throughout a wireless sensor network by making good local decisions. We leverage from concepts of peer-to-peer networks in which the system acts completely decentralized and all nodes in the network are equal peers. Our algorithm utilizes the node load, power levels, and spatial information in order to make the optimal routing decision. According to our preliminary experimental results, our proposed algorithm performs well according to its goals.
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Food Handlers in Attieke Production Units in Relation to Food Hygiene and Safety in Côte d'Ivoire in 2012

The aims of this study were to investigate the food safety knowledge and practices of food handlers and to assess the sanitary conditions of attieke production units in the South of C? te d’Ivoire. A cross-sectional study was conducted during 4 months in 2012 in 7 localities and data were collected using questionnaire and observation checklist and microbiological analysis of hands. A total of 775 attieke production units were involved in this survey. Seventy-one percent (71%) were located on public domains and only 70 production units (9%) used septic tank as a mean of final deposal for liquid waste. Hygiene conditions and practices of food handlers in attieke production units were inadequate. The presence of specific microorganisms such as Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Enterobacter agglomerans, Citrobacter youngae, Klebsiella oxytoca and Citrobacter freundi was indicative of a degree of ignorance on the part of food handlers towards proper hygienic practices.
Technical Efficiency of Hospitals in Tehran, Iran

Background: Nowadays, restriction on access and optimum use of resources is the main challenge of development in all organizations. Therefore, the aim of this study was to determine the technical efficiency and its factors, influencing hospitals of Tehran. Methods: This research was a descriptive-analytical and retrospective study conducted in 2014–2015. Fifty two hospitals with public, private, and social security ownership type were selected for this study. The required data was collected by a researcher-made check list in 3 sections of background data, inputs and outputs. The data was analyzed by DEAP 1.0. 2, and STATA-13 technique. Results: Seventeen (31/48) of hospitals had the efficiency score of 1 as the highest technical efficiency. The highest average score of efficiency was related to social security hospitals as 84.32, and then the public and private hospitals with the average of 84.29 and 79.64 respectively. Tobit regression results showed that the size, type of practice, and ownership of hospitals were effective on the degree of their technical efficiency. However, there was no significant correlation between teaching / non-teaching hospitals with technical efficiency. Conclusion: Establishment of competition system among hospitals, constitution of medium size hospitals and allocation of budget to hospitals based on national accreditation system are recommended.
Impact of Experience on Open Inter-Organizational Systems Adoption

Purpose – Little research to date has investigated how firm experience and industry experience in related inter‐organizational systems (IOS) affect the adoption of open IOS. The purpose of this paper is to address this issue.Design/methodology/approach – Based on large‐scale archival data from European countries, logistic regression was used to test the research model.Findings – It was found that firm experience in EDI and experience in proprietary IOS positively affect the adoption of open IOS; industry experience in EDI and experience in proprietary IOS have a negative effect on the adoption of open IOS; and industry experience in open IOS has a positive effect on the adoption of open IOS.Research limitations/implications – One main limitation is that the measures of the variables are based on single‐item and dichotomic scales. Also, this study only focused on the industry level and alternative explanations for the results have not been ruled out. The main implication is that IOS experience at firm and .
Influence of different fixation protocols on the preservation and dimensions of cardiac tissue

Recent extensive progress in invasive cardiac procedures has triggered a wave of dozens of heart morphometric anatomical studies that are carried out largely using autopsied samples fixed in formaldehyde solution prior to observations and measurements. In reality, very little is known about changes in heart tissue dimensions during fixation. The aim of this study was therefore to investigate how fixation affects the dimensions of cardiac tissue, and if different types and concentrations of reagents affect this phenomenon. A total of 40 pig heart samples were investigated, and seven different measuring sites were permanently marked in every heart prior to fixation. Four study groups (n = 10 each) were assembled that differed only in concentration and the type of fixative: (i) 2% formaldehyde solution; (ii) 4% formaldehyde solution (formalin); (iii) 10% formaldehyde solution; (iv) alcoholic formalin. The samples were measured before and after fixation at the following time points: 24 h, 72 h and 168 h. It was found that different fixatives significantly affected different parameters. Almost all of the heart dimensions that were measured stabilized after 24 h; later changes were statistically insignificant in the point‐to‐point comparison. Change in the length of the interatrial septum surface was not altered significantly in any of the fixatives after 24 h of preservation. It was found that 10% formaldehyde increased the thickness of muscular tissue only after 24 h; this thickening was reduced after 72 h and was insignificant at 168 h. Other heart parameters in this group do not present significant changes over the entire fixation time duration. In conclusion, the 10% formaldehyde phosphate‐buffered solution appeared to be the best fixative among the fixatives that were studied for cardiac morphometric purposes; this solution caused the smallest changes in tissue dimensions. Measurements should be obtained at least after 1 week of preservation when most parameters exhibit the smallest changes compared with the non‐preserved samples.
Correlates of romantic love.

ABS1RACT In this study, individual differences in internal-external control were expected to relate to several aspects of ronantic, hetrosexual love. For example, it was hypothesized that proportionally fewer internals experience romantic attachments. Moreover, among persons having been in love, internals were expected to have fewer romantic experiences and to experience romantic attraction as less mysterious, less volatile and less intense than externals. Finally, internals were expected to have a less idealistic orientation toward romantic love than externals. Subjects consisted of 255 undergraduate introductory psychology students. These subjects completed Rotterls Internal External (I-E) Scale as well as a Romantic-Love Questionnaire specifically devised for this study. The results showed that internal-external control and sex of subject are relevant correlates of hetrosexual rorantic love. The authors concluded that these results indicate the potential fruitfulness of correlation research on romantic love and its usefulness as an adjunct to experiffentally-oriented and cross-cultural research approaches to this phenomenon. (Authm0
Comparison of histopathology and RT-qPCR amplification of guanylyl cyclase C for detection of colon cancer metastases in lymph nodes

Aims In colorectal cancer (CRC), the presence of lymph node (LN) metastases is an important prognostic factor. Approximately 20% of patients diagnosed as having node-negative (pN0) CRC will relapse. Pathological nodal stage misclassification due to sampling error resulting from the small volume of tissue tested has been proposed to explain this recurrence rate in pN0 patients. The authors compared the assessment of node positivity by histopathology (HP) with a molecular method which can accommodate larger tissue volumes. Methods Detection rate of guanylyl cyclase C (GCC) mRNA was determined in 1495 LNs from 99 CRC patients. Using a subset of 647 LNs, multiple levels of HP analysis were compared with GCC mRNA molecular detection. Finally, clinicopathological factors were correlated with the molecular detection of GCC and clinical outcome in 123 patients with pN0 colon cancer. Results GCC mRNA was detected in 8.0% of the 560 nodes initially identified as HP-negative, whereas two repeat HP examinations detected 3.0% of these cases. In HP-positive LNs, the GCC mRNA detection rate was 90% (78/87) when half-LN were tested. Testing the entire LN remaining after HP by GCC increased the detection rate of HP-positive LNs to 95% (p=0.027). In comparison, 75% (65/87) and 92% (80/87) of the LN positive by clinical HP remained positive when one or two subsequent sections were examined by HP. Finally, patients with pN0 disease who were GCC-positive exhibited an earlier time of recurrence (hazard ratio, 3.54; 95% CI 1.40 to 8.98; p=0.0077). Conclusions Molecular detection of tumour cells in LNs may have prognostic value in identifying patients diagnosed as having pN0 colon cancer who will relapse following surgery.
Immunoproteomic analysis of the protective response obtained from vaccination with Candida albicans ecm33 cell wall mutant in mice

Systemic candidiasis remains a major cause of disease and death, particularly among immunocompromised patients. The cell wall of Candida albicans defines the interface between host and pathogen and surface proteins are major elicitors of host immune responses during candidiasis. The C. albicans ecm33 mutant (RML2U) presents an altered cell wall, which entails an increase in the outermost protein layer. Vaccination of BALB/c mice with RML2U mutant protected them from a subsequent lethal infection with virulent strain SC5314 in a systemic candidiasis model. Using immunoproteomics (2‐DE followed by Immunoblotting) we detected 29 immunoreactive proteins specifically recognized by antibodies from vaccinated mice sera, six of which are described as immunogenic for the first time (Gnd1p, Cit1p, Rpl10Ep, Yst1p, Cys4p, Efb1p). Furthermore, identification of wild type and mutant cell surface proteome (surfome), confirmed us that the mutant surfome presented a larger number of proteins than the wild type. Interestingly, proteins exclusively identified in the mutant surfome (Met6p, Eft2p, Tkl1p, Rpl10Ep, Atp1p, Atp2p) were also detected as immunogenic, supporting the idea that their surface location enhances their immunoprotective capacity.