Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MAGNETOROTATIONAL TURBULENCE TRANSPORTS ANGULAR MOMENTUM IN STRATIFIED DISKS WITH LOW MAGNETIC PRANDTL NUMBER BUT MAGNETIC REYNOLDS NUMBER ABOVE A CRITICAL VALUE

The magnetorotational instability (MRI) may dominate outward transport of angular momentum in accretion disks, allowing material to fall onto the central object. Previous work has established that the MRI can drive a mean-field dynamo, possibly leading to a self-sustaining accretion system. Recently, however, simulations of the scaling of the angular momentum transport parameter αSS with the magnetic Prandtl number Pm have cast doubt on the ability of the MRI to transport astrophysically relevant amounts of angular momentum in real disk systems. Here, we use simulations including explicit physical viscosity and resistivity to show that when vertical stratification is included, mean-field dynamo action operates, driving the system to a configuration in which the magnetic field is not fully helical. This relaxes the constraints on the generated field provided by magnetic helicity conservation, allowing the generation of a mean field on timescales independent of the resistivity. Our models demonstrate the existence of a critical magnetic Reynolds number Rmcrit, below which transport becomes strongly Pm-dependent and chaotic, but above which the transport is steady and Pm-independent. Prior simulations showing Pm dependence had Rm < Rmcrit. We conjecture that this steady regime is possible because the mean-field dynamo is not helicity-limited and thus does not depend on the details of the helicity ejection process. Scaling to realistic astrophysical parameters suggests that disks around both protostars and stellar mass black holes have Rm ≫ Rmcrit. Thus, we suggest that the strong Pm dependence seen in recent simulations does not occur in real systems.
Fear-avoidance and Endurance-related Responses to Pain: New Models of Behavior and Their Consequences for Clinical Practice

ObjectivesPatients' beliefs and expectations about their pain have been identified as important disabling factors in chronic musculoskeletal pain. Besides fear-avoidance beliefs and pain-related fear, cognitions such as thought suppression as well as pain/task persistence behavior have been shown to be associated with pain and disability. The aim of this report is to present a critical evaluation of research, based on the avoidance-endurance model of pain. MethodsA qualitative review of the literature concerning the occurrence of fear-avoidance- versus endurance-related pain responses as well as concerning the association of these pain responses and different self-reported and overtly measured outcomes. ResultsWhile consistent evidence has confirmed the role of fear-avoidance responses to pain and pain-related disability measured via self-report, the influence of fear-avoidance responses on objectively assessed physical activity is less clear. There is preliminary evidence that avoidance-endurance model based subgroups showing a pattern of cognitions of thought suppression, anxious/depressive mood and task/pain persistence behavior (distress endurance responses) or a pattern of cognitions of ignoring/minimizing pain, positive mood despite pain and task/pain persistence behavior (eustress endurance responses) will develop more pain prospectively and show higher levels of specific strain postures, measured by accelerometer, than patients showing adaptive pain responses. ConclusionAlthough both, fear-avoidance and endurance responses have been identified in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain, currently evidence to confirm their hypothesized consequences for daily functioning is incomplete. Finally, thoughts on the development of differentially targeted and individually scheduled behavioral interventions are reported, including suggestions for further research.
Antenna array design for multi-UAVs communication in next generation Flying Ad-Hoc Networks (FANETs)

In this paper, a microstrip patch antenna and its 1×2, 1×4 and 2×4 arrays are proposed for Flying Ad-hoc Network (FANET) communication in multi-UAV systems. The antennas and arrays resonate in the 5GHz band and have been optimized for high bandwidth and gain. The antennas and arrays are proposed and designed using Rogers RT/duroid 5880LZ substrate which is light weight and has specific applications in UAV antennas. The bandwidth achieved by 5880LZ antenna and arrays is 500-530MHz. The efficiency of the single element 5880LZ antenna is 91.7%. The gain and directivity of the 5880LZ antenna has been increased from 9.2dBi to 15.8dBi and 9.6dBi to 17.6dBi respectively by designing 1×2, 1×4 and 2×4 arrays. The antennas are designed using Agilent advance design system - momentum simulator.
Stability studies of critical DC power system component for More Electric Aircraft using μ sensitivity

In this paper an approach for stability analysis of power systems for "more electric aircraft" (MEA) using mu sensitivity is proposed. The application of the proposed approach is illustrated via a regulated buck converter as a typical critical component in a power system. Due to the negative resistance at low frequencies the regulated buck converter could be unstable in combination with the input filter. A typical regulated buck converter is first modelled in the simulation package Dymola. The model equations are transferred to Maple or Matlab with a Dymola toolbox and symbolically linearized at steady state conditions. For computing mu sensitivity it is necessary to get a linear fractional representation (LFR) of the buck converter. This is done by using the enhanced LFR Toolbox 2.0. Finally, the mu sensitivity is computed with the robust control toolbox 3.1. 1 of mathworks. Compared with other methods for small signal stability, e.g. Middlebrook criterion and modal analysis, the mu sensitivity approach gives a much more global and direct result for the influence of all components on stability.
Effect of monoamine oxidase B A644G variant on nicotine dependence and/or schizophrenia risk

Objectives: Schizophrenia (Sch) is a severe and chronic mental illness. Smoking prevalence is higher in patients with Sch than general population. We aimed to investigate the effects of MAOB gene A644G variant on nicotine dependence (ND) and Sch+ND risk in Turkish population and to evaluate by bioinformatic analysis. Methods: Present study included 161 individuals with ND, 223 patients with Sch+ND, and 96 non-smoker controls. MAOB A644G variant was analyzed using PCR-RFLP method. As the MAOB gene is located on the X chromosome, each gender was analysed separately. Results: The total distributions of AA, AG and GG genotypes of MAOB gene A644G were 44.7%, 22.4% and 32.9% in the ND group, 45.3%, 25.1% and 29.6% in the Sch+ND group and, 44.8, 22.9% and 32.3% in non-smoker controls. No significant differences were observed between groups for the MAOB A644G genotype and allele frequencies when female group compared to male group (p > 0.05). Examination of disease associations of SNPs from each miRNA gene region in GWAS databases yielded results for aging, bipolar disorder, autoimmune, and neurological diseases. Discussion: Our results indicate that the MAOB gene A644G variant is not associated with ND and/or Sch susceptibility in the Turkish population. Pehlivan S et al. / Arch Clin Psychiatry. 2019;46(1):21-4
Peptide length and sequence specificity of the mouse TAP1/TAP2 translocator

The transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) delivers peptides to the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum in an adenosine triphosphate (ATP) dependent fashion for presentation by major histocompatibility complex class I molecules. We show that the mouse TAP translocator (H-2b haplotype) selects peptides based on a minimal size of nine residues, and on the presence of a hydrophobic COOH- terminal amino acid. The preponderance of COOH-terminal hydrophobic amino acids in peptides capable of binding to mouse class I molecules thus fits remarkably well with the specificity of the TAP translocator. In addition to transport in the lumenal direction, efflux of peptide in the cytosolic direction is observed in an ATP- and temperature- dependent manner. By maintaining a low peptide concentration at the site of class I assembly, this efflux mechanism may ensure that class I molecules are loaded preferentially with high affinity peptides.
Detection Performance in Pop-Out Tasks: Nonmonotonic Changes with Display Size and Eccentricity

We carried out three experiments to investigate detection performance in pop-out tasks and analysed how performance varied as a function of display size (number of elements) and retinal eccentricity of the target. Results showed that when display size was increased from 2 to 81 elements performance first decreased and then increased (replicating Sagi and Julesz, 1987 Spatial Vision 2 39–49). Performance variations differed as a function of eccentricity and often were more pronounced in the periphery than in the foveal area. This retinal-eccentricity influence suggests that processes underlying detection performance in small display sizes are different from those in large display sizes. One should be careful when using the variation of display size as an instrument to analyse visual-search processes because this analysis could be based on a comparison between non-equivalent conditions.
The Market for Online Tourism Communities

Online Communities have been researched for a long time from social, informational as well as economic perspectives. Most approaches up-to-now focussed on the interaction of a number of users with specific communities, are studies about the characteristics of communities in different domains or are general guidelines for the development of these communities. These approaches, however, neglect the aspect that one entire online community is embedded in a landscape of other communities and interrelates with them. In this article we describe this landscape as a market in which a community competes with other communities for online members. We discuss characteristics and forces of this market and present results from a study that monitored 36 online travel communities over a period of several months. Our data indicate that with regards to registered members, there are few very large communities, in contrast to a large number of very small communities. An analysis of the average number of members that are actually online, however, shows that smaller communities (e.g., with a regional scope) are, in principle, able to mobilize a higher degree of their members. We conclude that niche strategies can be successful in this market, and discuss implications for this community landscape.
ACM vector bundles on prime Fano threefolds and complete intersection Calabi Yau threefolds

In this paper we derive a list of all the possible indecomposable normalized rank--two vector bundles without intermediate cohomology on the prime Fano threefolds and on the complete intersection Calabi Yau threefolds, say $V$, of Picard number $\rho=1$. For any such bundle $\E$, if it exists, we find the projective invariants of the curves $C \subset V$ which are the zero-locus of general global sections of $\E$. In turn, a curve $C \subset V$ with such invariants is a section of a bundle $\E$ from our lists. This way we reduce the problem for existence of such bundles on $V$ to the problem for existence of curves with prescribed properties contained in $V$. In part of the cases in our lists the existence of such curves on the general $V$ is known, and we state the question about the existence on the general $V$ of any type of curves from the lists.
Effects of Tune and Interspeaker Differences on the Interpretation of Requests and Offers

A growing body of evidence reveals that tune meaning is multidimensional and flexible, with the choice of a tune depending both on linguistic and metalinguistic purposes. This study explores how perlocutionary meaning is influenced by tune for requests and offers. Two female speakers of American English produced 96 request-offer pairs in the form of polar questions with both rising and falling tunes. Using an online survey system, participants' ratings of speaker authority were elicited. Falling tunes raised speaker authority to a greater degree for requests than for offers. Speaker 2, who had generally larger f0 movements than Speaker 1, was rated as more authoritative. Hence, different intonational tunes are assessed along with their metalinguistic and social dimensions, with individual differences in tune implementation also modulating listeners' judgments.
Short-Term Effects of Tillage Practices on Soil Organic Carbon Turnover Assessed by δ 13C Abundance in Particle-Size Fractions of Black Soils from Northeast China

The combination of isotope trace technique and SOC fractionation allows a better understanding of SOC dynamics. A five-year tillage experiment consisting of no-tillage (NT) and mouldboard plough (MP) was used to study the changes in particle-size SOC fractions and corresponding δ 13C natural abundance to assess SOC turnover in the 0–20 cm layer of black soils under tillage practices. Compared to the initial level, total SOC tended to be stratified but showed a slight increase in the entire plough layer under short-term NT. MP had no significant impacts on SOC at any depth. Because of significant increases in coarse particulate organic carbon (POC) and decreases in fine POC, total POC did not remarkably decrease under NT and MP. A distinct increase in silt plus clay OC occurred in NT plots, but not in MP plots. However, the δ 13C abundances of both coarse and fine POC increased, while those of silt plus clay OC remained almost the same under NT. The C derived from C3 plants was mainly associated with fine particles and much less with coarse particles. These results suggested that short-term NT and MP preferentially enhanced the turnover of POC, which was considerably faster than that of silt plus clay OC.
Elevated CO2 enhances aerobic scope of a coral reef fish

The oceans are absorbing excess atmospheric CO2, and this is causing ocean acidification. Surprisingly, one coral reef damselfish exhibits enhanced aerobic performance after living at projected future ocean CO2 levels for 17 days. Identifying both the winners and losers under climate change scenarios is vital to conserving marine biodiversity.
ASK1 modulates the expression of microRNA Let7A in microglia under high glucose in vitro condition

Hyperglycemia results in oxidative stress and leads to neuronal apoptosis in the brain. Diabetes studies show that microglia participate in the progression of neuropathogenesis through their involvement in inflammation in vivo and in vitro. In high-glucose-induced inflammation, apoptosis signal regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) triggers the release of apoptosis cytokines and apoptotic gene expression. MicroRNA-Let7A (miR-Let7A) is reported to be a regulator of inflammation. In the present study, we investigated whether miR-Let7A regulates the function of microglia by controlling ASK1 in response to high-glucose-induced oxidative stress. We performed reverse transcription (RT) polymerase chain reaction, Taqman assay, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and immunocytochemistry to confirm the alteration of microglia function. Our results show that miR-Let7A is associated with the activation of ASK1 and the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine (interleukin (IL)-10) and Mycs (c-Myc and N-Myc). Thus, the relationship between Let-7A and ASK1 could be a novel target for enhancing the beneficial function of microglia in central nervous system (CNS) disorders.
DEEP JHKs AND SPITZER IMAGING OF FOUR ISOLATED MOLECULAR CLOUD CORES

We present observations in eight wavebands from 1.25 to 24 μm of four dense cores: L204C-2, L1152, L1155C-2, and L1228. Our goals are to study the young stellar object (YSO) population of these cores and to measure the mid-infrared extinction law. With our combined near-infrared and Spitzer photometry, we classify each source in the cores as, among other things, background stars, galaxies, or embedded YSOs. L1152 contains three YSOs and L1228 has seven, but neither L204C-2 nor L1155C-2 appear to contain any YSOs. We estimate an upper limit of 7 × 10−5 to 5 × 10−4L☉ for any undiscovered YSOs in our cores. We also compute the line-of-sight extinction law toward each background star. These measurements are averaged spatially, to create χ2 maps of the changes in the mid-infrared extinction law throughout our cores, and also in different ranges of extinction. From the χ2 maps, we identify two small regions in L1152 and L1228 where the outflows in those cores appear to be destroying the larger dust grains, thus altering the extinction law in those regions. On average, however, our extinction law is relatively flat from 3.6 to 24 μm for all ranges of extinction and in all four cores. From 3.6 to 8 μm, this law is consistent with a dust model that includes larger dust grains than the diffuse interstellar medium, which suggests grain growth has occurred in our cores. At 24 μm, our extinction law is two to four times higher than predicted by dust models. However, it is similar to other empirical measurements.
Thar SHE Blows? Gender, Competition, and Bubbles in Experimental Asset Markets†

Do women and men behave differently in financial asset markets? Our results from an asset market experiment using the Smith, Suchaneck, and Williams (1988) framework show marked gender difference in producing speculative price bubbles. Using 35 markets from different studies, a meta-analysis confirms the inverse relationship between the magnitude of price bubbles and the frequency of female traders in the market. Women’s price forecasts also are much lower, even in the first period. Additional analysis shows the results are not due to differences in risk aversion, personality, or math skills. Implications for financial markets and experimental methodology are discussed.
Determinants of Bond Risk Premia: A Machine-Learning-Based Resolution of the Spanning Controversy

This paper provides new evidence on links between bond risk premia and macroeconomic fundamentals. Using a two-step adaptive group lasso procedure, we extract a new, parsimonious, and intuitive macro factor —— a combination of the employment, housing, financial, and inflation factors —— from 131 macroeconomic series. The new factor not only has strong forecast power for excess bond returns but also subsumes the existing macro-based return predictors. It is also unspanned, suggesting a need for term structure models that can accommodate both unspanned latent and macro factors. Results from a nite-sample analysis reject the null hypothesis that bond risk premia are uncorrelated with the macroeconomy.
Effect of Embryo Banking on U.S. National Assisted Reproductive Technology Live Birth Rates

Background Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) reports generated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) exclude embryo banking cycles from outcome calculations. Methods We examined data reported to the CDC in 2013 for the impact of embryo banking exclusion on national ART outcomes by recalculating autologous oocyte ART live birth rates. Inflation of reported fresh ART cycle live birth rates was assessed for all age groups of infertile women as the difference between fresh cycle live births with reference to number of initiated fresh cycles (excluding embryo banking cycles), as typically reported by the CDC, and fresh cycle live births with reference to total initiated fresh ART cycles (including embryo banking cycles). Results During 2013, out of 121,351 fresh non-donor ART cycles 27,564 (22.7%) involved embryo banking. The proportion of banking cycles increased with female age from 15.5% in women <35 years to 56.5% in women >44 years. Concomitantly, the proportion of thawed cycles decreased with advancing female age (P <0.0001). Exclusion of embryo banking cycles led to inflation of live birth rates in fresh ART cycles, increasing in size in parallel to advancing female age and utilization of embryo banking, reaching 56.3% in women age >44. The inflation of live birth rates in thawed cycles could not be calculated from the publically available CDC data but appears to be even greater. Conclusions Utilization of embryo banking increased during 2013 with advancing female age, suggesting a potential age selection bias. Exclusion of embryo banking cycles from national ART outcome reports significantly inflated national ART success rates, especially among older women. Précis Exclusion of embryo banking cycles from US National Assisted Reproductive Technology outcome reports significantly inflates reported success rates especially in older women.
Control of Drug Administration During Monitored Anesthesia Care

Monitored anesthesia care (MAC) is increasingly used to provide patient comfort for diagnostic and minor surgical procedures. The drugs used in this setting can cause profound respiratory depression even in the therapeutic concentration range. Titration to effect suffers from the difficulty to predict adequate analgesia prior to application of a stimulus, making titration to a continuously measurable side effect an attractive alternative. Exploiting the fact that respiratory depression and analgesia occur at similar drug concentrations, we suggest to administer opioids and propofol during MAC using a feedback control system with transcutaneously measured partial pressures of CO2(PtcCO2) as the controlled variable. To investigate this dosing paradigm, we developed a comprehensive model of human metabolism and cardiorespiratory regulation, including a compartmental pharmacokinetic and a pharmacodynamic model for the fast acting opioid remifentanil. Model simulations are in good agreement with ventilatory experimental data, both in presence and absence of drug. Closed-loop simulations show that the controller maintains a predefined CO2 target in the face of surgical stimulation and variable patient sensitivity. It prevents dangerous hypoventilation and delivers concentrations associated with analgosedation. The proposed control system for MAC could improve clinical practice titrating drug administration to a surrogate endpoint and actively limiting the occurrence of hypercapnia/hypoxia.
Relationship Between Tone Perception and Production in Prelingually Deafened Children With Cochlear Implants

Hypothesis Performance in tone perception and production are correlated in prelingually deafened pediatric cochlear implant (CI) users across individuals. Demographic variables, such as age at implantation, contribute to the performance variability. Background Poor representation of pitch information in CI devices hinders pitch perception and affects perception of lexical tones in cochlear implant users who speak tonal languages. Methods One hundred ten Mandarin-speaking, prelingually deafened CI subjects and 125 typically developing, normal-hearing subjects were recruited from Beijing, China. Lexical tone perception was measured using a computerized tone contrast test. Tone production was judged by native Mandarin-speaking adult listeners as well as analyzed acoustically and with an artificial neural network. A general linear model analysis was performed to determine factors that accounted for performance variability. Results CI subjects scored ∼67% correct on the lexical tone perception task. The degree of differentiation of tones produced by the CI group was significantly lower than the control group as revealed by acoustic analysis. Tone production performance assessed by the neural network was highly correlated with that evaluated by human listeners. There was a moderate correlation between the overall tone perception and production performance across CI subjects. Duration of implant use and age at implantation jointly explained ∼29% of the variance in the tone perception performance. Age at implantation was the only significant predictor for tone production performance in the CI subjects. Conclusion Tone production performance in pediatric CI users is dependent on accurate perception. Early implantation predicts a better outcome in lexical tone perception and production.