Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Velocity Profiles of Blood Platelets and Red Blood Cells Flowing in Arterioles of the Rabbit Mesentery

Velocity profiles were determined in rabbit mesenteric arterioles (diameter 17–32 &mgr;m). A good spatial resolution was obtained by using the blood platelets as small and natural markers of flow, providing for the first time in vivo detailed, quantitative information about the shape of the velocity profiles in microvessels. In some experiments red blood cell velocity profiles were recorded as well. Easy detection of the cells of interest could be achieved by labelling them selectively with a fluorescent dye and visualizing them by intravital fluorescence video microscopy, using flashed illumination. Pairs of flashes were given with a short, preset time interval between both flashes, yielding in one TV picture two images of the same cell displaced over a certain distance for the given time interval. Velocity and mean radial position of cells, flowing within an optical section around the median plane of the vessel, were determined. The shape of the velocity profiles of platelets and red blood cells was similar. The profiles were flattened as compared to a parabola, both in systole and diastole. Vessel diameter did not change measurably during the cardiac cycle. As an index of the degree of blunting of the profiles, the ratio of the maximal and mean velocity of the profile was used, which is 2 for a parabola and 1 for complete plug flow. The index ranged from 1.39 to 1.54 (median 1.50), and increased with vessel diameter. Calculations showed that the blunting of the profiles cannot be explained by an influence of the finite depth of the optical section.
Franz Kafka's Resistance to Acting on Suicidal Ideation

The life, personality, and writings of Franz Kafka are explored as a way of examining self-preserving processes in a person with chronic suicidal tendencies. Most of those who survive suicidal acts will eventually die natural deaths. Although Kafka often contemplated suicide but never attempted it, the huge volume of highly personal reflections he left behind after his death make him a worthwhile subject for study. Kafka's troubled relationship with his tyrannical, abusive father had a major impact on his development as a masochistic and depressed person; other childhood experiences also were factors. His ways of coping are presented, emphasizing the close friendship with Max Brod, his altruistic character, and his writing. Resilience is differentiated from coping; his resilience enabled him to overcome suicidal tendencies.
Convergent and divergent thinking in verbal analogy

Individual differences in convergent and divergent thinking may uniquely explain variation in analogical reasoning ability. Across two studies we investigated the relative influences of divergent and convergent thinking as predictors of verbal analogy performance. Performance on both convergent thinking (i.e., Remote Associates Test) and divergent thinking (i.e., Alternative Uses Task) uniquely predicted performance on both analogy selection (Studies 1 and 2) and analogical generation tasks (Study 2). Moreover, convergent and divergent thinking were predictive above and beyond creative behaviours in Study 1 and a composite measure of crystallised intelligence in Study 2. Verbal analogies in Study 2 also varied in semantic distance, with results demonstrating divergent thinking as a stronger predictor of analogy generation for semantically far than for semantically near analogies. Results thus further illuminate the link between analogical reasoning and creative cognition by demonstrating convergent and divergent thinking as predictors of verbal analogy.
Identification of Appropriate Reference Genes for qRT-PCR Analysis of Heat-Stressed Mammary Epithelial Cells in Riverine Buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis)

Gene expression studies require appropriate normalization methods for proper evaluation of reference genes. To date, not many studies have been reported on the identification of suitable reference genes in buffaloes. The present study was undertaken to determine the panel of suitable reference genes in heat-stressed buffalo mammary epithelial cells (MECs). Briefly, MEC culture from buffalo mammary gland was exposed to 42 °C for one hour and subsequently allowed to recover at 37 °C for different time intervals (from 30 m to 48 h). Three different algorithms, geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper softwares, were used to evaluate the stability of 16 potential reference genes from different functional classes. Our data identified RPL4, EEF1A1, and RPS23 genes to be the most appropriate reference genes that could be utilized for normalization of qPCR data in heat-stressed buffalo MECs.
A Novel Algorithm for Decapsulation and Decoding of DVB-H Link Layer Forward Error Correction

DVB-H, which is an amendment of DVB-T, offers reliable high data rate reception for mobile handheld and battery-powered devices. A link layer with error correction is defined to work on top of the DVB-T physical layer. The DVB-H standard suggests to use Reed-Solomon coding combined with cyclic redundancy check error detection as the link layer forward error correction. Drawbacks of the decoding solution have been recognized in previous research. This paper presents a novel algorithm for decapsulation and decoding at DVB-H link layer. The algorithm is based on information provided in the transport stream packet headers and requires no changes to the DVB-H standard.
MULTIPLE MATING AND FEMALE FITNESS IN DROSOPHILA PSEUDOOBSCURA

All biological processes directly related to reproduction play a role in determining fitness. Collectively, these processes determine the fertility component of fitness, where fertility is defined in its broadest sense. The importance of fertility differences to selection has been demonstrated repeatedly over the past 15 years, particularly in studies with Drosophila species (e.g., Prout, 1971, with D. melanogaster; Anderson and Watanabe, 1974, with D. pseudoobscura). One aspect of fertility that has only recently received attention is multiple mating (review of Drosophila research in Gromko et al., in press). Once thought to be mostly a laboratory phenomenon in Drosophila, multiple mating has been reported in natural populations of several species (reviewed in Gromko et al., in press; Loukas et al., 198 1), and at very high rates (e.g., Levine et al., 1980). Rates of multiple insemination sometimes differ among populations of a species, as for example they do among the three populations of D. pseudoobscura studied to date (Anderson, 1974; Cobbs, 1977; Levine et al., 1980). These results are not surprising, since multiple insemination may be sensitive to both population densities and environmental conditions. In general, males who mate repeatedly leave more offspring than those who mate less frequently (Bateman, 1948); and the resulting differences in male mating success produce a powerful form of sexual selection known to be important in laboratory (Anderson and Watanabe, 1974) and natural (Anderson et al., 1979) populations of D. pseudoobscura. Repeated mat-
Correlational Findings, Educational Implications, and Criticisms of Locus of Control Research

The concept of locus of control (LC) grew out of Rotter's (1954) social learning theory which postulates that behavior is a function not only of the value of reinforcements available to the subject in any given situation, but also of the subject's expectation that any particular behavior on his part will result in the attainment of the available reinforcement. The term "locus of control" denotes the specific type of expectancy for reinforcement which refers to the person's beliefs regarding who or what determines the behavior-reward contingency. When the person believes that he himself is more or less capable of controlling the outcome of events to which he is a party, he is said to have an internal LC expectancy, and when the person feels that external forces such as luck, fate, or powerful others play the major role in determining the results of behavior, he is said to have an external LC expectancy. Many researchers have investigated LC by arranging situational cues so that subjects believe that they either are or are not in control of the delivery of reinforcements. Though these research efforts will not be reviewed here, the interested reader is referred to work by Holden and Rotter
Monocyte-Platelet Interaction Induces a Pro-Inflammatory Phenotype in Circulating Monocytes

Background Activated platelets exert a pro-inflammatory action that can be largely ascribed to their ability to interact with leukocytes and modulate their activity. We hypothesized that platelet activation and consequent formation of monocyte-platelet aggregates (MPA) induces a pro-inflammatory phenotype in circulating monocytes. Methodology/Principal Findings CD62P+ platelets and MPA were measured, and monocytes characterized, by whole blood flow cytometry in healthy subjects, before and two days after receiving influenza immunization. Three monocytic subsets were identified: CD14+CD16−, CD14highCD16+and CD14lowCD16+. The increase in high sensitivity C-reactive protein post-immunization was accompanied by increased platelet activation and MPA formation (25.02±12.57 vs 41.48±16.81; p = 0.01), along with enhancement of circulating CD14highCD16+ cells (4.7±3.6 vs 10.4±4.8; p = 0.003), their percentage being linearly related to levels of CD62P+-platelets (r2 = 0.4347; p = 0.0008). In separate in vitro experiments, co-incubation of CD14+CD16− cells, isolated from healthy donor subjects, with autologous platelets gave rise to up-regulation of CD16 on monocytes as compared with those maintained in medium alone (% change in CD14+CD16+ cells following 48 h co-incubation of monocytes with platelets was +106±51% vs monocytes in medium alone; p<0.001). This effect correlated directly with degree of MPA formation (r2 = 0.7731; p<0.0001) and was associated with increased monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells. P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) blocking antibody, which abrogates MPA formation, abolished these effects, as did the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 selective inhibitor NS-398, aspirin and the EP1/EP2-selective antagonist AH6809. Conclusions/Significance These data suggest that MPA formation, as occurs in the blood under pro-inflammatory conditions, expands the pool of circulating CD14highCD16+ monocytes in a COX-2 dependent manner, and these monocytes exhibit increased adhesion to endothelium. Our findings delineate a novel mechanism underlying the pro-inflammatory effect of platelet activation.
Gender Differences in Use of Electronic Resources in University Libraries of Adamawa State, Nigeria

The study investigated gender difference in attitudes of students towards the use of electronic resources in university libraries of Adamawa State, Nigeria. Gender issue has become a widely discussed phenomenon in higher education sector. How has gender affected the use of electronic information resources among students since this format of resources has become commonly available in university libraries? It is against this background that the researchers investigated how gender difference has affected the attitudes of students towards the use of these resources. The objectives of the study were to determine the types of e-resources, use of e-resources, purpose of using e-resources, how students acquire their search skills, and whether there is significant difference between male and female students' attitudes towards the use of e-resources in the university libraries under study. Survey research was used. The target population was 5,269 students and a sample of 1,053 out of which 724 responded to the questionnaire which comprises of 496 male students and 228 female students that were used for the study. Descriptive and inferential statistics (t-test) was used for the analysis of data collected. The major findings revealed that the resources are used mainly for research and assignments. Students acquire theirs search skills through friends and colleagues and library instructions. There exists statistical difference between male and female students' attitudes towards the use of e-resources. The mean value of 23.5302 for male students is greater than that of female 21.4693 Recommendations made include: sustaining the acquisition of e-resources, periodic training of students and female students should develop positive attitudes towards the use of e-resources to enhance their academic pursuits.
Wraparound Retrospective

While research regarding the effectiveness of the wraparound process is steadily mounting, little is known about how this service delivery model works and for whom. Using data gathered on 176 youth who participated in the wraparound process, the authors examine client and service factors associated with outcomes. Bivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the likelihood of treatment success based on select child and service characteristics. Results reveal that youth who exhibited lower levels of impairment at service entry were most successful in transitioning to and preserving a home placement, while those who possessed higher numbers of collateral supports were more likely to attain treatment goals. Findings also underscore the value of a planning process that promotes youth and family involvement in community activities. High adherence to this element of practice was found to predict both goal attainment and youth success in transitioning to a home setting. Implications for the implementation of the wraparound process with youth who are in residential care or at risk of out-of-home placement are discussed.
Evaluation of serological tests for diagnosis of Brucella melitensis infection of goats

Five serological assays were evaluated for the diagnosis of brucellosis in goats: the rose bengal test (RBT), complement fixation test (CFT), radial immunodiffusion (RID) with Brucella and Yersinia enterocolitica O:9 polysaccharides, counterimmunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) with cytosol, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with polyclonal and protein G conjugates and smooth lipopolysaccharide (S-LPS), native hapten polysaccharide (NH), or cytosol antigens. For optimal sensitivity, RBT had to be used with sera-antigen at a 3:1 dilution. In the RID test, Brucella melitensis biotype 1 NH could not be replaced by Brucella abortus biotype 1 or Y. enterocolitica 0:9 polysaccharides. In the ELISA, S-LPS and NH gave similar results and the protein G conjugate increased the specificity. With the sera from 55 B. melitensis culture-positive goats, the sensitivity was 100% for RBT, CFT (titer > or = 4), and ELISA with S-LPS or NH; 94% for RID; and 93% for CIEP. All tests were negative (100% specific) when testing the sera from 127 brucella-free goats. Larger discrepancies among the results of the serological tests were obtained with sera from goats of areas where brucellosis is endemic. When the sera of 20 young goats vaccinated subcutaneously (10(9) CFU of B. melitensis Rev 1) and bled 6 months later were examined, the specificities were as follows: NH ELISA, 60%; CFT and S-LPS ELISA, 75%; RBT, 80%; CIEP, 90%; and RID, 94%. With the sera from 10 young goats vaccinated conjunctivally (10(9) CFU of B. melitensis Rev 1) all tests were 100% specific 4 months after vaccination. The proportion of goats giving a positive reaction after vaccination decreased faster in RID than in other tests.
Interpersonal dynamics: a communitarian perspective

Conventional theories of power within organisations focus on the extent to which one party can impose their will on others through social influence. Discussion of the way that same-sex and opposite-sex attraction impacts on the workplace is rarely theorised either because it is considered uncivilised or taboo. Investigations are also hampered by resistance amongst research participants even when care is taken to establish mixed groups from different organisations. As a result, holistic theories of management control that take account of sexual behaviour remain rare. This paper examines empirical data from an 18-month critical ethnography to present new theory on interpersonal dynamics, socialisation and identification. A grounded theory is developed that suggests social decisions are closely linked to the psychology of giving and getting attention and assistance. As relationships develop, patterns of giving and receiving create economic and social dependencies that evolve into the tacit rules of social life and affect the bonds between people. Sharp conflicts occur when one party wants to change the relationship and the other party resists. The process of renegotiation affects the stability of directly and indirectly affected relationships and can change patterns of influence and bases of social power. Individuals’ commitment and health can be affected. Decision-making and impacts are affected by the state of other relationships, past experiences, social and economic dependency and the aspirations of both parties. Findings are reviewed against existing theories of power to offer a radical perspective that power has two-faces, the ability to influence and the ability to resist influence. Authoritarian behaviours can be activated by perceptions of powerlessness rather than a sense of power. The implications for handling conflicts and harassment claims are discussed, together with comment on gender theory and its relationship to corporate governance.
Action, content and identity in applied genre analysis for ESP

Genres are staged, structured, communicative events, motivated by various communicative purposes, and performed by members of specific discourse communities (Swales 1990; Bhatia 1993, 2004; Berkenkotter & Huckin 1995). Since its inception, with the two seminal works on the topic by Swales (1990) and Bhatia (1993), genre analysis has taken pride of place in much of the ongoing research in languages for specific purposes (LSP). The goal of much of this research is pedagogic, the understanding being that good genre descriptions can feed into pedagogy in the form of syllabus and materials design. Whereas genre analysis usually focuses on language as action, this paper argues that analysis needs to focus also on content and identity. The discussion sketches out what this might mean in terms of pedagogic application.
A Vector Space Approach for Aspect Based Sentiment Analysis

Vector representations for language has been shown to be useful in a number of Natural Language Processing tasks. In this paper, we aim to investigate the effectiveness of word vector representations for the problem of Aspect Based Sentiment Analysis. In particular, we target three sub-tasks namely aspect term extraction, aspect category detection, and aspect sentiment prediction. We investigate the effectiveness of vector representations over different text data and evaluate the quality of domain-dependent vectors. We utilize vector representations to compute various vectorbased features and conduct extensive experiments to demonstrate their effectiveness. Using simple vector based features, we achieve F1 scores of 79.91% for aspect term extraction, 86.75% for category detection, and the accuracy 72.39% for aspect sentiment prediction.
Steroid Hormones Stimulate Germination and Tube Growth of in Vitro Matured Tobacco Pollen

A study of the effects of different steroids on germination and tube growth of tobacco pollen (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Petit Havana SR1) matured in vitro is presented. Application of the mammalian steroid sex hormones (testosterone, progesterone, and estradiol) resulted in a stimulation of pollen germination and tube elongation. The presence of both steroids and flavonols in the germination medium strongly enhanced the growth of tobacco male gametophytes.
Named Entity Disambiguation for Noisy Text

We address the task of Named Entity Disambiguation (NED) for noisy text. We present WikilinksNED, a large-scale NED dataset of text fragments from the web, which is significantly noisier and more challenging than existing news-based datasets. To capture the limited and noisy local context surrounding each mention, we design a neural model and train it with a novel method for sampling informative negative examples. We also describe a new way of initializing word and entity embeddings that significantly improves performance. Our model significantly outperforms existing state-of-the-art methods on WikilinksNED while achieving comparable performance on a smaller newswire dataset.
Increased plasma and joint tissue adrenomedullin concentrations in patients with rheumatoid arthritis compared to those with osteoarthritis.

OBJECTIVE To elucidate the pathophysiological role of adrenomedullin (AM) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), plasma AM concentration was measured in patients with RA and in healthy contols. The concentration of AM in joint fluid, synovial tissue, and articular cartilage of patients with RA and osteoarthritis (OA) were measured and compared. METHODS Twenty-six patients with RA (aged 62 +/- 4 yrs, all female), 10 healthy controls (aged 57 +/- 5 yrs, all female), and 10 patients with OA (aged 68 +/- 8 yrs, all female) were studied. We measured plasma levels of total and mature AM by immunoradiometric assay and levels of AM in joint tissue by radioimmunoassay. RESULTS Plasma levels of AM in patients with RA (18.35 +/- 6.9 fmol/ml) were found to exceed those in healthy controls (11.64 +/- 2.8 fmol/ml). Moreover, plasma AM showed a significant positive correlation with plasma C-reactive protein (CRP). The correlation coefficient of total AM was 0.685, and that of mature AM was 0.624. Similarly, AM levels in synovium and joint fluid in patients with RA were significantly higher than in OA. In contrast, AM levels in articular cartilage were found to be low, with no significant difference in levels between patients with RA and OA. CONCLUSION The relation between plasma AM levels and plasma CRP in patients with RA suggests that plasma AM levels increase with the activity of RA. Moreover, AM levels in synovium and joint fluid of patients with RA were significantly higher than those of patients with OA. Thus, AM probably plays a part in the regulation of the inflammatory process of RA.
Scripting the macho man: Hypermasculine socialization and enculturation

Tomkins' (1979) script theory offers a coherent, heuristic, and elegant account of the macho personality constellation (Mosher & Sirkin, 1984), consisting of: (a) callous sexual attitudes, (b) violence as manly, and (c) danger as exciting. A script is a set of rules for interpreting, directing, defending, and creating the scenes making up the life of the macho man. The macho script organizes childhood scenes in which so‐called “superior, masculine” affects—like excitement and anger—were socialized to be favored over so‐called “inferior, feminine” affects—like distress and fear. Furthermore, both adolescent rites of passage in male youth social networks and processes of enculturation in the American culture and its mass media continue that hypermasculine socialization. The ideological script of machismo descends from the ideology of the warrior and the stratifications following warfare—victor and vanquished, master and slave, the head of the house and woman as his complement, the patriarch and his children.