Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factor analysis on information security management in higher education institutions

Information security has become an important thing for any organization because of information technology adoption, including for higher education institutions. Increasing the number of information security incidents in academic environment make those institutions have to implement a good information security management. However, most of them cannot do it easily because of various factors. This study has a purpose to determine factors that influence information security management in higher education institutions. Variables that related to those factors were divided into five, i.e., awareness, budget, security policy, management support and organization mission. This research used quantitative method with factor analysis technique. The population in this study were universities in Bandung, Indonesia. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. Based on the results of the factor analysis, two factors were constructed. The first factor consists of four variables; i.e., awareness, budget, information security policy, and top management support. The second factor consists of a variable, mission organization. All the variables in the first factor (awareness, budget, information security policy, and top management support) are more significant in affecting implementation of information security management in higher education.
Change Detection of Forest and Habitat Resources from 1973 to 2001 in Bach Ma National Park, Vietnam, Using Remote Sensing Imagery

SUMMARY Land cover changes have not been well documented in Vietnam. This paper presents new information relevant to land cover modifications and to resource inventory such as forest management and wildlife habitats. Formed in 1991, Bach Ma National Park and its buffer zone is one of the richest regions for biodiversity in Asia, providing habitat for endangered species. The paper assesses the major forest cover changes using Remote Sensing Imagery (Landsat: MSS, TM, +ETM) between the years prior to the establishment of national park status and the years following. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) was used across sensors; for the study area five regions were identified where major land-cover changes have occurred. Between 1973 and 2001 it is estimated that approximately 45 % of the buffer zone was modified, or lost its forest cover, with most changes occurring around 1989, just prior to the park establishment. These changes can most likely be attributed to forest and resource extrapolation that coincided with a high human population density and is supported by extensive road building in the surrounding region. More research is needed to improve presented approaches in order to better safeguard forested landscapes in Vietnam.
Prevalence and associations of anisometropia and aniso-astigmatism in a population based sample of 6 year old children

Aim: To study the distribution of anisometropia and aniso-astigmatism in young Australian children, together with clinical and ocular biometry relations. Method: The Sydney Myopia Study examined 1765 predominantly 6 year old children from 34 randomly selected Sydney schools during 2003–4. Keratometry, cycloplegic autorefraction, and questionnaire data were collected. Results: Spherical equivalent (SE) anisometropia (⩾1 dioptre) prevalence was 1.6% (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1% to 2.4%). Aniso-astigmatism (⩾1D) prevalence was 1.0% (CI: 0.6% to 1.6%). Both conditions were significantly more prevalent among moderately hyperopic (SE ⩾2.0D) than mildly hyperopic (SE 0.5–1.9D) children. Myopic children (SE ⩽−0.5D) had higher anisometropia prevalence. Neither condition varied by age, sex, or ethnicity. In multivariate analyses, anisometropia was significantly associated with amblyopia, odds ratio (OR) 29, (CI: 8.7 to 99), exotropia (OR 7.7, CI: 1.2 to 50), and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission (OR 3.6, CI: 1.1 to 12.6). Aniso-astigmatism was significantly associated with amblyopia (OR 8.2, CI: 1.4 to 47), maternal age >35 years (OR 4.0, CI: 1.3 to 11.9), and NICU admission (OR 4.6, CI: 1.2 to 17.2). Anisometropia resulted from relatively large interocular differences in axial length (p<0.0001) and anterior chamber depth (p = 0.0009). Aniso-astigmatism resulted from differences in corneal astigmatism (p<0.0001). Conclusion: In this predominantly 6 year old population, anisometropia and aniso-astigmatism were uncommon, had important birth and biometry associations, and were strongly related to amblyopia and strabismus.
Deindustrialization: Causes and Implications

All advanced economies have experienced a secular decline in the share of manufacturing employmenta phenomenon referred to as deindustrialization. This paper argues that, contrary to popular perceptions, deindustrialization is not a negative phenomenon, but is the natural consequence of the industrial dynamism in an already developed economy, and that North-South trade has had very little to do with deindustrialization. The paper also discusses the implications of deindustrialization for the growth prospects and the nature of labor market arrangements in the advanced economies.
Antileishmanial Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of DB766-Azole Combinations

ABSTRACT Given the limitations of current antileishmanial drugs and the utility of oral combination therapy for other infections, developing an oral combination against visceral leishmaniasis should be a high priority. In vitro combination studies with DB766 and antifungal azoles against intracellular Leishmania donovani showed that posaconazole and ketoconazole, but not fluconazole, enhanced DB766 potency. Pharmacokinetic analysis of DB766-azole combinations in uninfected Swiss Webster mice revealed that DB766 exposure was increased by higher posaconazole and ketoconazole doses, while DB766 decreased ketoconazole exposure. In L. donovani-infected BALB/c mice, DB766-posaconazole combinations given orally for 5 days were more effective than DB766 or posaconazole alone. For example, 81% ± 1% (means ± standard errors) inhibition of liver parasite burden was observed for 37.5 mg/kg of body weight DB766 plus 15 mg/kg posaconazole, while 37.5 mg/kg DB766 and 15 mg/kg posaconazole administered as monotherapy gave 40% ± 5% and 21% ± 3% inhibition, respectively. Combination index (CI) analysis indicated that synergy or moderate synergy was observed in six of nine combined dose groups, while the other three were nearly additive. Liver concentrations of DB766 and posaconazole increased in almost all combination groups compared to monotherapy groups, although many increases were not statistically significant. For DB766-ketoconazole combinations evaluated in this model, two were antagonistic, one displayed synergy, and one was nearly additive. These data indicate that the efficacy of DB766-posaconazole and DB766-ketoconazole combinations in vivo is influenced in part by the pharmacokinetics of the combination, and that the former combination deserves further consideration in developing new treatment strategies against visceral leishmaniasis.
A 3 D model retrieval approach using the interior and exterior 3 D shape information

In this paper, we will propose a new exterior shape feature, ART-based elevation descriptor (ART-ED), and a new interior shape feature, shell grid descriptor (SGD), for 3D model retrieval. ART-ED describes the elevation information of a 3D model from six different angles. Since ART-ED represents only the exterior contour of a 3D model, SGD is proposed for extracting the interior shape information. Finally, these two proposed features as well as other features are combined in an attempt to improve retrieval. Experimental results show that the proposed methods are superior to other descriptors.
DEREGULATION OF LESOTHO'S MAIZE MARKET

During the past year, there have been major policy reforms in Lesotho and South Africa with respect to maize pricing and marketing. In Lesotho the impact of deregulation on producers, consumers and government revenues was substantially lower than it should have been, and as a result Lesotho was not able to reap the full benefits of these changes. This is partly because information on the changes to the maize marketing system did not reach the potential beneficiaries of the new system. Free and easily accessible information is an essential element of a free market system. SACU countries must ensure the availability of information if they want to compete internationally.
Credibility, Debt and Unemployment: Ireland&Apos;S Failed Stabilization

Can the credibility of a stabilization plan affect the output costs of disinflation? The new classical economics has asserted this possibility, but little evidence has been brought forward. This paper analyzes the stabilization program of Ireland in the l980s against the background of the new classical economics, The main questions are two: Did EMS membership yield a special credibility bonus? And is the stabilization program sustainable. The answer to both questions is negative. The idea of a credibility bonus Is an attractive potential policy implication of EMS membership: by joining the EMS, playing by the rules of fixed exchange rates and benefiting from the stabilizing influence of German inflation targets, a country's policy makers achieve a dramatic turn around in expectations, in inflation and in long-term interest rates. But the evidence on international disinflation in the 1980s shows that it was not limited to EMS members; all OECD countries experienced sharply reduced inflation and a large drop in long-term nominal interest rates, EMS membership did not contribute to reduce the sacrifice ratio of disinflation. In fact Germany, on whose anti-inflation credentials the credibility effects are supposedly based has one of the highest sacrifice ratios among DECD countries. Ireland did reduce inflation to the German level, but a serious public debt problem has emerged and the unemployment rate stands near 20 percent. This raises questions of the Sargent-Wallace kind about the sustainability of the program.
Discrete dislocation dynamics analysis of the effect of lattice orientation on void growth in single crystals

The micromechanisms of plastic deformation and void growth were analyzed using discrete dislocation dynamics in an isolated FCC single crystal deformed in-plane strain in the plane. Three different stress states (uniaxial tension, uniaxial deformation and biaxial deformation) were considered for crystals oriented in different directions and with a different number of active slip systems. It was found that strain hardening and void growth rates depended on lattice orientation in uniaxial tension because of anisotropic stress state. Crystal orientation did not influence, however, hardening and void growth when the crystals were loaded under uniaxial or biaxial deformation because the stress state was more homogeneous, although both (hardening and void growth rates) were much higher than under uniaxial tension. In addition, the number of active slip systems did not substantially modify the mechanical behavior and the void growth rate if plastic deformation along the available slip systems was compatible with overall crystal deformation prescribed by the boundary conditions. Otherwise, the incompatibility between plastic deformation and boundary conditions led to the development of large hydrostatic elastic stresses, which increased the strain hardening rate and reduced the void growth rate.
Effects of the cAMP-elevating agents cilostamide, cilostazol and forskolin on the phosphorylation of Akt and GSK-3β in platelets

Summary Elevating intracellular cAMP has been shown to inhibit platelet function. cAMP interferes with platelet-activating signals which lead to aggregation inhibition, but the precise mechanism is unclear.The present study examined if cAMP-elevating agents inhibited phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-kinase) signaling in rat platelets by immunoblotting. Akt is one of the key molecules downstream of PI3K, and is phosphorylated by collagen stimulation. The phosphodiesterase-3 (PDE3) inhibitors cilostamide and cilostazol, and the adenylate cyclase activator forskolin, inhibited collagen-induced Akt phosphorylation at Ser473.The inhibitory effects of these cAMP-elevating agents on Akt phosphorylation were unchanged in the presence of the PKA (cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase) inhibitor H-89. These effects were consistent with inhibition of platelet aggregation. It is known that inhibition of Akt phosphorylation leads to inhibition of phosphorylation of glycogen synthase kinase 3-beta (GSK-3β), which is an effector of Akt, but cAMP-elevating agents stimulated GSK-3βphosphorylation at Ser9.The PKA inhibitor H-89 attenuated GSK-3βphosphorylation. The cAMP-elevating agents cilostamide, cilostazol and forskolin did not directly affect the enzyme activity of PI3-kinase.These results suggested that cAMP-elevating agents have two effects on PI3K signalling: inhibition of Akt phosphorylation independent of PKA; and stimulation of GSK-3β phosphorylation dependent on PKA. Our results provide new insights into the inhibitory effect of cAMPelevating agents on platelet function.
A Patient with LQTS in Whom Verapamil Administration and Permanent Pacemaker Implantation Were Useful for Preventing Torsade de Pointes

A 21‐year‐old woman with long QT syndrome and missense mutation in HERG (T613M), suffered from repeated attacks of pause dependent torsade de pointes, even though she was given β‐blockers and underwent stellate ganglion block twice at the age of eight. After she received permanent pacemaker implantation and administration of verapamil, no premature beats or pause dependent torsade de pointes was observed. (PACE 2004; 27:123–124)
The acquisition of anti‐pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide Haemophilus influenzae type b and tetanus toxoid antibodies, with age, in the UK

Antibody levels specific for capsular polysaccharides of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and to tetanus toxoid (TT). were measured in serum samples of 750 age‐stratified subjects from the UK. The study subjects comprised healthy adult volunteers and hospitalized children undergoing elective surgery, excluding those with a history of infection or under investigation for immunological or haematological disorders. These antibody levels were calibrated by comparison with serum pool obtained from healthy adult volunteers, who were immunized with Hib polyribose‐phosphate vaccine (Merieux). The data are intended to provide reference ranges to assist in the interpretation of specific antibody measurements in the clinical setting. Maternal IgG pneumococcal capsular polysaccharide (PCP) specific antibody levels, geometric‐mean titre (GMT) 1/22, were lost by 6 months of age (GMT of 1/9). They remained low until 3–5 years (GMT of 1/20), and consisted principally of IgGl. Thereafter, IgG anti‐PCP antibody titres increased steadily to adult levels (GMT of 1/275), of which 80% was IgG2. Anti‐PCP antibody titres of the IgM isotype rose steadily from a GMT 1/21 (0–6 months) to 1/420(3–5 years), a level which was maintained until adulthood. Anti‐Hib antibody concentrations, determined by RABA, again demonstrated the decline in maternal antibody, from 0.18 μg/ml in the 0.6 month age cohort, to 0.09 μg/ml between 6 and 12 months. Geomctric‐mcan antibody concentrations remained below 0.2 μg/ml until 3–5 years, then increased with age, attaining the mean adult level of 1.02 μg/ml. Anti‐TT antibody concentrations were measured in the same sera, by ELISA. Two peaks in anti‐TT antibody levels were seen in children of 0.059 IU/ml and 0.166 IU/ml corresponding to the schedule of routine childhood immunization in the first year and at 5 years of age.
Earnings Dilution and the Explanatory Power of Earnings for Returns

Executive stock options and convertible securities can increase the number of common shares outstanding while adding less than the market value of the newly issued securities to a firm's assets. We model the effect of expected dilution on the earnings/return relation. Expected dilution effectively reduces the permanence of an earnings innovation. Empirical evidence supports the hypothesis that dilutive securities attenuate the relation between earnings and returns. Estimated earnings response coefficients (ERCs) are significantly lower when there are shares reserved for conversion. The effect is more pronounced for firms that have experienced price increases or positive earnings news, as these increase the expected dilutive effect of conversions.
Semaglutide as a therapeutic option for elderly patients with type 2 diabetes: Pooled analysis of the SUSTAIN 1‐5 trials

The efficacy and safety of semaglutide vs comparators in non‐elderly (<65 years) and elderly (≥65 years) patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) across the SUSTAIN 1‐5 trials were evaluated. Patients were randomized to once‐weekly subcutaneous semaglutide (0.5 or 1.0 mg) vs placebo, sitagliptin, exenatide or insulin. The primary objective was change in HbA1c and secondary objectives were changes in body weight and safety. Mean HbA1c decreased from baseline by 1.2%‐1.5% and 1.5%‐1.9% vs 0%‐0.9% (non‐elderly, n = 3045) and by 1.3%‐1.5% and 1.2%‐1.8% vs 0.2%‐1.0% (elderly, n = 854) with semaglutide 0.5 and 1.0 mg vs comparators. Similar reductions from baseline in mean body weight with semaglutide occurred in both age groups. Similar proportions of patients experienced adverse events; premature treatment discontinuations were higher in elderly vs non‐elderly patients. No increased risk of severe or blood glucose‐confirmed hypoglycaemia was seen with semaglutide vs comparators between age groups. Semaglutide had a comparable efficacy and safety profile in non‐elderly and elderly patients across the SUSTAIN 1‐5 trials, making it an effective treatment option for elderly patients with T2D.
Low-Grade Adenosquamous Carcinoma: A Variant of Metaplastic Mammary Carcinoma

The prognostic significance of metaplasia in mammary carcinoma has not been well defined. Pseudosarcomatous metaplasia reportedly has an unfavorable impact on survival. Squamous metaplasia may have less effect on outcome except for the high-grade spindle cell form, which is particularly aggressive. This report describes 11 patients with a low-grade variant of adenosquamous metaplastic carcinoma which has a distinctive combination of glandular and squamous differentiation. The average age of the patients was 59 years (range 42-76). The tumors measured 1.5-3.4 cm (average 2.3) and were grossly hard, tan-yellow, and infiltrative. Follow-up in seven cases treated at least 1 year ago averages 3.5 years (range 1-6 years). Four of eight patients treated by local excision alone developed recurrence in the breast in 1-3.5 years. Negative lymph nodes were found in five axillary dissections. There have been no recurrences after mastectomy performed as primary therapy or for recurrence in seven cases. These findings suggest that patients with the low-grade adenosquamous variant of metaplastic carcinoma have a favorable prognosis. They may be good candidates for breast conservation therapy, but this will require adequate excision followed by primary radiotherapy
The Driving Forces of Subsidiary Absorptive Capacity

The study investigates how a multinational corporation (MNC) can promote the absorptive capacity of its subsidiaries. The focus is on what drives the MNC subsidiary's ability to absorb marketing strategies that are initiated by the MNC parent, as well as how the subsidiary enacts on this absorptive capacity in order to compete in its focal market. The dual embeddedness of MNC subsidiaries plays a key role in this investigation, as subsidiaries belong to the MNC network and are simultaneously embedded in their host country environment. We argue that subsidiary absorptive capacity is formed as a purposeful response to this dual embeddedness. An analysis of marketing strategy absorptions undertaken by 213 subsidiaries reveals that MNCs can assist their subsidiaries to compete in competitive and dynamic focal markets by forming specific organizational mechanisms that are conducive to the development of subsidiary absorptive capacity. The findings hold important theoretical and practical implications.
Increased Ca++ uptake by erythrocytes infected with malaria parasites: Evidence for exported proteins and novel inhibitors

Malaria parasites export many proteins into their host erythrocytes and increase membrane permeability to diverse solutes. Although most solutes use a broad‐selectivity channel known as the plasmodial surface anion channel, increased Ca++ uptake is mediated by a distinct, poorly characterised mechanism that appears to be essential for the intracellular parasite. Here, we examined infected cell Ca++ uptake with a kinetic fluorescence assay and the virulent human pathogen, Plasmodium falciparum. Cell surface labelling with N‐hydroxysulfosuccinimide esters revealed differing effects on transport into infected and uninfected cells, indicating that Ca++ uptake at the infected cell surface is mediated by new or altered proteins at the host membrane. Conditional knockdown of PTEX, a translocon for export of parasite proteins into the host cell, significantly reduced infected cell Ca++ permeability, suggesting involvement of parasite‐encoded proteins trafficked to the host membrane. A high‐throughput chemical screen identified the first Ca++ transport inhibitors active against Plasmodium‐infected cells. These novel chemical scaffolds inhibit both uptake and parasite growth; improved in vitro potency at reduced free [Ca++] is consistent with parasite killing specifically via action on one or more Ca++ transporters. These inhibitors should provide mechanistic insights into malaria parasite Ca++ transport and may be starting points for new antimalarial drugs.
Prediction of cognitive decline in normal elderly subjects with 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose/positron-emission tomography (FDG/PET)

Neuropathology studies show that patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease typically have lesions of the entorhinal cortex (EC), hippocampus (Hip), and temporal neocortex. Related observations with in vivo imaging have enabled the prediction of dementia from MCI. Although individuals with normal cognition may have focal EC lesions, this anatomy has not been studied as a predictor of cognitive decline and brain change. The objective of this MRI-guided 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose/positron-emission tomography (FDG/PET) study was to examine the hypothesis that among normal elderly subjects, EC METglu reductions predict decline and the involvement of the Hip and neocortex. In a 3-year longitudinal study of 48 healthy normal elderly, 12 individuals (mean age 72) demonstrated cognitive decline (11 to MCI and 1 to Alzheimer's disease). Nondeclining controls were matched on apolipoprotein E genotype, age, education, and gender. At baseline, metabolic reductions in the EC accurately predicted the conversion from normal to MCI. Among those who declined, the baseline EC predicted longitudinal memory and temporal neocortex metabolic reductions. At follow-up, those who declined showed memory impairment and hypometabolism in temporal lobe neocortex and Hip. Among those subjects who declined, apolipoprotein E E4 carriers showed marked longitudinal temporal neocortex reductions. In summary, these data suggest that an EC stage of brain involvement can be detected in normal elderly that predicts future cognitive and brain metabolism reductions. Progressive E4-related hypometabolism may underlie the known increased susceptibility for dementia. Further study is required to estimate individual risks and to determine the physiologic basis for METglu changes detected while cognition is normal.