Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pemodelan Chemical Oxygen Demand (Cod) Sungai di Surabaya Dengan Metode Mixed Geographically Weighted Regression

Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) merupakan salah satu indikator pencemaran air secara kimia. Surabaya merupakan salah satu kota yang mengalami pencemaran sungai, dimana kondisi sungai di Surabaya memiliki keragaman struktur sehingga memungkinkan terjadinya perbedaan faktor yang berpengaruh pada COD. Untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi COD sungai di Surabaya maka dilakukan pemodelan COD dengan Mixed Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR), metode ini memungkinkan adanya variabel prediktor yang bersifat lokal dan global. Hasil MGWR dengan menggunakan fungsi kernel Fixed Bisquare menghasilkan variabel prediktor global yang signifikan adalah Nitrat, sedangkan variabel prediktor lokal yang signifikan adalah kecepatan aliran air dan Nitrit. Namun berdasarkan uji kesesuaian model MGWR, diperoleh kesimpulan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara model regresi global dan MGWR dengan R 2 sebesar 58,43%. Sehingga pemodelan COD sungai di Surabaya dengan GWR akan memberikan hasil yang lebih baik dibandingkan MGWR, dimana dengan menggunakan GWR diperoleh hasil pemodelan terbaik dengan R 2 sebesar 73,8% pada penggunaan fungsi kernel Adaptive Bisquare. Berdasarkan variabel yang signifikan pada model GWR di setiap lokasi diperoleh 9 kelompok, variabel yang signifikan adalah kecepatan aliran air, debit air sungai, Fosfat, Nitrat, Amonia, dan Nitrit.
Transition of bla OXA-58-like to bla OXA-23-like in Acinetobacter baumannii Clinical Isolates in Southern China: An 8-Year Study

Background The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in hospitals has been increasing worldwide. This study aims to investigate the carbapenemase genes and the clonal relatedness among A. baumannii clinical isolates in a Chinese hospital. Methods Carbapenemase genes and the upstream locations of insertion sequences were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and the clonal relatedness of isolates was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and multilocus sequence typing. Results A total of 231 nonduplicate carbapenemase gene-harboring A. baumannii clinical isolates recovered from Shenzhen People’s Hospital, were investigated between 2002 and 2009. bla OXA-23-like, bla OXA-58-like, bla OXA-40-like, and ISAba1-bla OXA-51-like were identified in 119, 107, 1, and 4 isolates, respectively. IS1008-ΔISAba3, ISAba3, and ISAba1 were detected upstream of the bla OXA-58-like gene in 69, 35, and 3 isolates, respectively. All bla OXA-23-like genes but one had an upstream insertion of ISAba1. bla OXA-58-like was the most common carbapenemase gene in A.baumannii before 2008, thereafter bla OXA-23-like became rapidly prevalent and replaced bla OXA-58-like in 2009. The majority of bla OXA-58-like-carrying isolates showed lower level of resistance to imipenem and meropenem (minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs), 1 μg/ml to 16 μg/ml), compared with the majority of bla OXA-23-like-carrying isolates (MICs, 16 μg/ml to 64 μg/ml for both imipenem and meropenem). All 231 bla OXA carbapenemase gene-harboring isolates belonged to 14 PFGE types (A–N), and three dominant clones A, J, and H accounted for 43.3%, 42.0%, and 8.2% of the tested isolates, respectively. Clone A (sequence type ST92/ST208) with bla OXA-58-like was the most prevalent before 2008. Clone H (ST229) with bla OXA-23-like became striking between 2007 and 2008. Clone J (ST381) with bla OXA-23-like rapidly spread and replaced clones A and H in 2009. Conclusion This study is the first to reveal that the distinct bla OXA-23-like-carrying A. baumannii ST381 displaced the previously prevalent bla OXA-58-like-carrying A. baumannii ST92/ST208, resulting in the rapidly increasing resistance to carbapenems in A. baumannii in Shenzhen People’s Hospital in 2009.
The Potential of Pathological Protein Fragmentation in Blood-Based Biomarker Development for Dementia – With Emphasis on Alzheimer’s Disease

The diagnosis of dementia is challenging and early stages are rarely detected limiting the possibilities for early intervention. Another challenge is the overlap in the clinical features across the different dementia types leading to difficulties in the differential diagnosis. Identifying biomarkers that can detect the pre-dementia stage and allow differential diagnosis could provide an opportunity for timely and optimal intervention strategies. Also, such biomarkers could help in selection and inclusion of the right patients in clinical trials of both Alzheimer’s disease and other dementia treatment candidates. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been the most investigated source of biomarkers and several candidate proteins have been identified. However, looking solely at protein levels is too simplistic to provide enough detailed information to differentiate between dementias, as there is a significant crossover between the proteins involved in the different types of dementia. Additionally, CSF sampling makes these biomarkers challenging for presymptomatic identification. We need to focus on disease-specific protein fragmentation to find a fragment pattern unique for each separate dementia type – a form of protein fragmentology. Targeting protein fragments generated by disease-specific combinations of proteins and proteases opposed to detecting the intact protein could reduce the overlap between diagnostic groups as the extent of processing as well as which proteins and proteases constitute the major hallmark of each dementia type differ. In addition, the fragments could be detectable in blood as they may be able to cross the blood–brain barrier due to their smaller size. In this review, the potential of the fragment-based biomarker discovery for dementia diagnosis and prognosis is discussed, especially highlighting how the knowledge from CSF protein biomarkers can be used to guide blood-based biomarker development.
The oldest goniatite faunas and their stratigraphical significance

The oldest known Lower Devonian goniatite faunas, which can be called Anetoceras faunas, are of Zlichovian (in most cases apparently upper Zlichovian) age. They include the goniatite fauna of the upper Zlichovian in the Barrandian. The well known fauna of the Hunsriick Shale, hitherto regarded as the oldest, also belongs here. Analogous goniatite assemblages are known from several other European regions, from North Africa, Asia Minor, the Urals, Central Asia, NE part of the USSR, North America (Nevada) and SE Australia. The distinctive feature of these faunas is the occurrence of the genera Anetoceras (incl. Erbenoceras), Mimosphinctes, Palaeogoniatites, Teicherticeras (incl. Convoluticeras). They show the first appearance of Mimagoniatites, Gyroceratites and Pseudobactrites. They may be contrasted with younger goniatite faunas particularly by their lack of anarcestids. The wide distribution of the Anetoceras faunas and their distinctive character permit wide-reaching, even intercontinental correlations of the upper Zlichovian. This is an important episode in Devonian biostratigraphy. Graptolites had become extinct, and the development of goniatites was beginning.
Existence and uniqueness of global weak solution to a kinetic model for the sedimentation of rod-like particles

Abstract. We investigate a kinetic model for the sedimentation of dilute suspensions of rod-like particles under gravity, deduced by Helzel, Otto, and Tzavaras (2011), which couples the impressible (Navier-)Stokes equation with the Fokker-Planck equation. With a no-flux boundary condition for the distribution function, we establish the existence and uniqueness of a global weak solution to the two dimensional model involving the Stokes equation.
Knowledge Growth and the Allocation of Time

We analyze a model economy with many agents, each with a different productivity level. Agents divide their time between two activities: producing goods with the production-related knowledge they already have and interacting with others in search of new, productivity-increasing ideas. These choices jointly determine the economy’s current production level and its rate of learning and real growth. We construct the balanced growth path for this economy. We also study the allocation chosen by an idealized planner who takes into account and internalizes the external benefits of search. Finally, we provide three examples of alternative learning technologies and show that the properties of equilibrium allocations are quite sensitive to two of these variations.
Strategic control of processing in word recognition.

Strategic control of word recognition in a lexical decision task was examined by manipulating the similarity of nonword foils to real words (nonword lexicality). Overall correct reaction times to words and the advantage of high- over low-frequency words were greater when nonword foils were more wordlike. This was true for both illegal (BTESE) versus legal (DEEST) nonword foils and legal nonword versus pseudohomophone (BEEST) foils. The same pattern of results was replicated in a 2nd experiment in which the word targets were always irregular (e.g., HAVE). A 3rd experiment demonstrated a large frequency blocking effect for low-frequency words, given pseudohomophone foils. The results are applied to pathway selection and random-walk frame-works. For both framework, canonical models are developed, which characterize qualitative predictions of broad classes of models within that framework. We argue for a pluralistic approach to theory development that moves from lower to higher order isomorphisms between data and theory.
Generalized Degrees of Freedom of the Symmetric $K$ User Interference Channel Under Finite Precision CSIT

The generalized degrees of freedom (GDoF) characterization of the symmetric <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$ </tex-math></inline-formula> user interference channel is obtained under finite precision channel state information at the transmitters (CSIT). The symmetric setting is where each cross channel is capable of carrying <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha $ </tex-math></inline-formula> DoF, while each direct channel is capable of carrying 1 DoF. Remarkably, under finite precision CSIT the symmetric <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$ </tex-math></inline-formula> user interference channel loses all the GDoF benefits of interference alignment. The GDoF per user diminish with the number of users everywhere except in the very strong (optimal for every receiver to decode all messages) and very weak (optimal to treat all interference as noise) interference regimes. The result stands in sharp contrast to prior work on the symmetric setting under perfect CSIT, where the GDoF per user remain undiminished due to interference alignment. The result also stands in contrast to prior work on a subclass of asymmetric settings under finite precision CSIT, i.e., the topological interference management problem, where interference alignment plays a crucial role and provides substantial GDoF benefits.
Predictability of Linear Coupled Systems. Part II: An Application to a Simple Model of Tropical Atlantic Variability

Abstract A predictability analysis developed within a general framework of linear stochastic dynamics in a companion paper is applied to a simple coupled climate model of tropical Atlantic variability (TAV). The simple model extends the univariate stochastic climate model of Hasselmann by including positive air–sea feedback and heat advection by mean ocean currents. The interplay between the positive air–sea feedback and the negative oceanic feedbacks gives rise to oscillatory coupled modes. The relationship between these coupled modes and the system's predictability is explored for a wide range of coupled regimes. It is shown that the system's predictability cannot be simply determined from oscillatory behavior of the dominant coupled mode when coupling is weak. The predictable dynamics of the weakly coupled system depend upon the interference among many coupled modes and the spatial structures of the stochastic forcing. Using the simple model as an example, the concept of optimizing the predictability o.
Ancient weather signs : texts, science and tradition

This thesis offers a new contextualisation of weather signs, naturally occurring terrestrial indicators of weather change (from, for example, animals, plants and atmospheric phenomena), in antiquity. It asks how the utility of this method of prediction was perceived and presented in ancient sources and studies the range of answers given across almost eight hundred years of Greek and Roman civilisation. The presentation of weather signs is compared throughout to that of another predictive method, astrometeorology, which uses the movement of the stars as markers of approaching weather. The first chapter deals with the presentation and discussion of weather signs in a range of Greek texts. It sees hesitant trust being placed in weather signs, lists of which were constructed so as to be underpinned by astronomical knowledge. The second chapter assesses how these Greek lists were received and assimilated into Roman intellectual discourse by looking to the strikingly similar practice of divining by portents. This lays the foundations for the final chapter, which describes and explains the Roman treatment of weather signs. Here, the perceived utility of weather signs can be seen to reduce rapidly as the cultural significance of astronomy reaches new heights. This thesis provides new readings and interpretations of a range of weather-based passages and texts, from the Pseudo-Theophrastan De Signis, to Lucan’s Pharsalia, to Pliny’s Natural History, many of which have previously been greatly understudied or oversimplified. It allows us to understand the social and scientific place of weather prediction in the ancient world and therefore how abstract and elaborate ideas and theories filtered in to the seemingly commonplace and everyday. I argue that between the 7th century BC and the end of the 1st century AD, the treatment of weather signs changes from being framed in fundamentally practical terms to one in which practical considerations were negligible or absent. As this occurred, astrometeorology comes to be seen as the only predictive method worthy of detailed attention. These two processes, I suggest, were linked.
Recruitment of T-cells into bone marrow of ITP patients possibly due to elevated expression VLA-4 and CX 3 CR 1 1

In idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), platelets are destroyed in the spleen, liver and bone marrow (BM) by autoantibodies and cytotoxic T-cells. In a DNA microarray screen of peripheral blood T-cells, we found that VLA-4, CX3CR1 and CXCR4, involved in T-cell homing, had increased expression in ITP patients compared with controls. However, we only found increased protein expression of VLA-4 on T-cells from peripheral blood by flow cytometry. To address a possible recruitment of T-cells into the organs involved in platelet destruction, we analyzed T-cells in BM. In BM, T-cell surface expression of VLA-4 and CX3CR1 was increased in ITP patients compared with controls. Furthermore, the number of CD3 T-cells in BM, but not in blood, was increased in ITP patients compared with controls. This finding was confirmed by immunohistochemistry of BM biopsies. The number of regulatory T-cells (CD4/CD25) was decreased in the BM of ITP patients whereas Fas expression was increased. In conclusion, ITP is associated with accumulation and activation of T-cells in the BM. Recruitment of T-cells into the target organ, e.g. BM, is plausible and may be facilitated through increased VLA-4 and CX3CR1 expression. These molecules might serve as new treatment targets in ITP. For personal use only. on October 3, 2017. by guest www.bloodjournal. org From
Macromolecular binding of dexamethasone as evidence for the presence of mineralocorticoid receptor in human breast cancer.

Corticoid (CR)-, estrogen-, and progestin-binding sites were assayed in cytosol from 356 human breast tumors, using dexamethasone (DXM), 11β-methoxy-17-ethynyl-1,3,5(10)-estratriene-3,17β-diol (R2858; Moxestrol), or 17,21-dimethyl-19-norpregna-4,9-diene-3,20-dione (R5020; promegestone), respectively. These sites were assayed on the fresh tumors or after storage for 15 days to 6 months in liquid nitrogen. Corticoid binding, measured after incubation for at least 1 hr at 20° and overnight at 0°, was recovered in 70 to 80% of the tumors. The effect of storage on CR, estrogen receptor, or progestin receptor stability was minimal, provided that tumor samples were stored in liquid nitrogen. In studies on the salt stabilization of [3H]DXM-binding sites, 1 mm ethylenediaminetetraacetate had no stabilization effect on CR, while the presence of 10 mm sodium molybdate in buffer inhibited the time-dependent decrease that occurred spontaneously in these sites. In a study with a dextran-coated charcoal adsorption technique on 236 fresh tumors, attempts were made to distinguish between glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptor binding by measuring binding sites with ( a ) [3H]DXM displaced with cold DXM (defining CR and mineralocorticoid receptor) and ( b ) [3H]DXM displaced with a 500-fold excess of a highly specific glucocorticoid, 11β,17β-dihydroxy-17α-(1-propionyl)androsta-1,4,6-triene-3-one (RU 26988) (defining glucocorticoid receptor only). Method a showed that 75% of the tumors contained CR (<150 fmol/mg protein; mean, 38 fmol/mg) and that their presence was correlated ( p < 0.001) with estrogen and progestin receptors. Method b indicated that only 32% of tumors contained CR when the specific glucocorticoid was present in excess and that, in 8% of the tumors, RU 26988 was unable to displace [3H]DXM binding while cold aldosterone was effective. In this 8% of tumors, the DXM-binding entity had the properties of a mineralocorticoid receptor: Kd at 0° for aldosterone of 0.81 nm; a number of binding sites of 51 fmol/mg protein; low-and heavy-sedimentation forms in sucrose gradient analysis; and a steroid specificity restricted to mineralocorticoids. These results indicate that the use of [3H]DXM as radioligand and cold DXM as competitor in CR assays does not discriminate between glucocorticoid and mineralocorticoid receptors, the latter being present in a significant proportion of human breast tumors.
The Origin and Evolution of Silica-saturated Alkalic Suites: an Experimental Study

Experimental simulation of incremental crystal fractionation of a hy-normative hawaiite indicates that the spectrum of compositions from mildly alkalic hawaiite to sodic rhyolite found in silica-saturated alkalic suites of the ocean islands and continental hotspots and rifts can be produced by fractionation at 9� 3kbar with bulk water contents4� 0� 5 wt % (in the hawaiite) at fO2 � 1� 5 log units below the fayalite–magnetite–quartz buffer (FMQ). Along this path, mildly alkalic basalt becomes increasingly alkalic because of the domination of clinopyroxene in the early fractionating assemblage and suppression of plagioclase. Kaersutite dominates at intermediate temperatures and results in stronger silica enrichment as the melt evolves to rhyolite. The fractionation assemblages are strongly pressuresensitive. At mid-crustal pressures, melts become potassic rather than sodic. At shallow conditions, the abundance of early olivine produces strong silica enrichment and subalkalic total alkalis to silica ratios. Natural mineral assemblages from silica-saturated alkalic suites show a polybaric history with fractionation at � 30km depth followed by decompression of liquids residual to this fractionation and crystallization, but not extensive fractionation, of lower-pressure assemblages. Equilibrium crystallization paths suggest that partial melting of hawaiite could produce the intermediate members of these suites provided that sufficient water was available in the source region.
High diversity and suggested endemicity of culturable Actinobacteria in an extremely oligotrophic desert oasis

The phylum Actinobacteria constitutes one of the largest and anciently divergent phyla within the Bacteria domain. Actinobacterial diversity has been thoroughly researched in various environments due to its unique biotechnological potential. Such studies have focused mostly on soil communities, but more recently marine and extreme environments have also been explored, finding rare taxa and demonstrating dispersal limitation and biogeographic patterns for Streptomyces. To test the distribution of Actinobacteria populations on a small scale, we chose the extremely oligotrophic and biodiverse Cuatro Cienegas Basin (CCB), an endangered oasis in the Chihuahuan desert to assess the diversity and uniqueness of Actinobacteria in the Churince System with a culture-dependent approach over a period of three years, using nine selective media. The 16S rDNA of putative Actinobacteria were sequenced using both bacteria universal and phylum-specific primer pairs. Phylogenetic reconstructions were performed to analyze OTUs clustering and taxonomic identification of the isolates in an evolutionary context, using validated type species of Streptomyces from previously phylogenies as a reference. Rarefaction analysis for total Actinobacteria and for Streptomyces isolates were performed to estimate species’ richness in the intermediate lagoon (IL) in the oligotrophic Churince system. A total of 350 morphologically and nutritionally diverse isolates were successfully cultured and characterized as members of the Phylum Actinobacteria. A total of 105 from the total isolates were successfully subcultured, processed for DNA extraction and 16S-rDNA sequenced. All strains belong to the order Actinomycetales, encompassing 11 genera of Actinobacteria; the genus Streptomyces was found to be the most abundant taxa in all the media tested throughout the 3-year sampling period. Phylogenetic analysis of our isolates and another 667 reference strains of the family Streptomycetaceae shows that our isolation effort produced 38 unique OTUs in six new monophyletic clades. This high biodiversity and uniqueness of Actinobacteria in an extreme oligotrophic environment, which has previously been reported for its diversity and endemicity, is a suggestive sign of microbial biogeography of Actinobacteria and it also represents an invaluable source of biological material for future ecological and bioprospecting studies.
Evaluation of Atorvastatin for the Treatment of Patients With Asthma: A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial

Purpose Statins are known as cholesterol-lowering agents, but have been suggested for the treatment of asthma because of their anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, the potential therapeutic effects of atorvastatin were investigated in asthmatic patients. Methods A total of 62 patients with persistent mild to moderate asthma who presented at asthma clinics of Arak University of Medical Sciences were recruited in a double-blind randomized clinical trial. The asthma clinical control score was assessed based on the standardized Asthma Control Test. Lung volume, i.e., percentage of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%) and percentage of forced vital capacity (FVC%), and peripheral blood eosinophils were also measured. The intervention group was treated with atorvastatin 40 mg per day for 8 weeks, while the control group received a placebo. Asthma controller treatments were not changed. At the beginning and end of the study, serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels were measured to evaluate adherence of the patients to the treatment. Results The asthma control score did not significantly differ between the intervention and control groups (P=0.06). Difference in FEV1%, FVC%, and blood eosinophil count between the intervention and control groups were not statistically significant (P>0.05). The differences in post-treatment cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significant (P<0.05). Conclusions Our study shows that atorvastatin is not effective in the treatment of persistent mild to moderate asthma.