Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
POD-Diagnosis: Error Diagnosis of Sporadic Operations on Cloud Applications

Applications in the cloud are subject to sporadic changes due to operational activities such as upgrade, redeployment, and on-demand scaling. These operations are also subject to interferences from other simultaneous operations. Increasing the dependability of these sporadic operations is non-trivial, particularly since traditional anomaly-detection-based diagnosis techniques are less effective during sporadic operation periods. A wide range of legitimate changes confound anomaly diagnosis and make baseline establishment for "normal" operation difficult. The increasing frequency of these sporadic operations (e.g. due to continuous deployment) is exacerbating the problem. Diagnosing failures during sporadic operations relies heavily on logs, while log analysis challenges stemming from noisy, inconsistent and voluminous logs from multiple sources remain largely unsolved. In this paper, we propose Process Oriented Dependability (POD)-Diagnosis, an approach that explicitly models these sporadic operations as processes. These models allow us to (i) determine orderly execution of the process, and (ii) use the process context to filter logs, trigger assertion evaluations, visit fault trees and perform on-demand assertion evaluation for online error diagnosis and root cause analysis. We evaluated the approach on rolling upgrade operations in Amazon Web Services (A WS) while performing other simultaneous operations. During our evaluation, we correctly detected all of the 160 injected faults, as well as 46 interferences caused by concurrent operations. We did this with 91.95% precision. Of the correctly detected faults, the accuracy rate of error diagnosis is 96.55%.
Distracted Directors: Does Board Busyness Hurt Shareholder Value?

We use the deaths of directors and chief executive officers as a natural experiment to generate exogenous variation in the time and resources available to independent directors at interlocked firms. The loss of such key co-employees is an attention shock because it increases the board committee workload only for some interlocked directors—the ‘treatment group’. There is a negative stock market reaction to attention shocks only for treated director-interlocked firms. Interlocking directors׳ busyness, the importance of their board roles, and their degree of independence magnify the treatment effect. Overall, directors׳ busyness is detrimental to board monitoring quality and shareholder value.
Recombinant Factor IX Fc Fusion Protein Maintains Full Procoagulant Properties and Exhibits Prolonged Efficacy in Hemophilia B Mice

Introduction Hemophilia B is an inherited X chromosome–linked disorder characterized by impaired blood clotting owing to the absence of functional coagulation factor IX. Due to the relatively short half-life of factor IX, patients with hemophilia B require frequent factor IX infusions to maintain prophylaxis. We have developed a recombinant factor IX (rFIX) fused to the Fc region of IgG (rFIXFc) with an extended half-life in animals and humans. Materials and Methods Procoagulant properties of rFIXFc and rFIX (BENEFIX®) were compared to determine the effect of the Fc region on rFIXFc hemostatic function. Specifically, we assessed rFIXFc activation, intermolecular interactions within the Xase complex, inactivation by antithrombin III (AT) and thrombin generation potential compared with rFIX. We also assessed the acute and prophylactic efficacy profiles of rFIXFc and rFIX in vivo in hemophilia B mouse bleeding models. Results and Conclusions The activation by factor XIa or factor VIIa/tissue factor, inhibition by AT, interaction profiles with phospholipids, affinities for factor VIIIa within the context of the Xase complex, and thrombin generation profiles were similar for rFIXFc and rFIX. Xase complexes formed with either molecule exhibited similar kinetic profiles for factor Xa generation. In acute efficacy models, mice infused with rFIXFc or rFIX were equally protected from bleeding. However, in prophylactic efficacy models, protection from bleeding was maintained approximately three times longer in rFIXFc-dosed mice than in those given rFIX; this prolonged efficacy correlates with the previously observed half-life extension. We conclude that rFIXFc retains critical FIX procoagulant attributes and that the extension in rFIXFc half-life translates into prolonged efficacy in hemophilia B mice.
A Heuristic Inquiry: The Narrative of a Beginning Dance/Movement Therapist's Professional Identity Development

i Acknowledgements ii Chapter I: Introduction 1 Chapter II: Review of the Literature 7 Counselor development theory 8 Path to expertise 14 Master therapists 14 Professional identity development 15 Developing a theoretical framework for counseling 21 An Integrative Approach 24 Theoretical framework as a dance/movement therapist 26 The integration of professional and personal identity 29 Personality type in career development 30 The developing creative arts therapist 32 The developing dance/movement therapist 35 Conclusion 38 Chapter III: Methods 40 Chapter IV: Results 46 Chapter V: Discussion 90 References 106 Appendix A: Structured Journal Questions 111
Narrative Interviewing

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Factors Associated with Long-Term Oral Hypoglycemic Agent Responsiveness in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background This study was performed to determine the factors associated with long-term oral hypoglycemic agent (OHA) responsiveness in Korean type 2 diabetic patients. Methods Two groups of patients were selected among the type 2 diabetic patients who were followed for more than two years at a university hospital diabetes clinic. The OHA responsive group consisted of 197 patients whose HbA1c levels were maintained at ≤7% with OHA for more than two years. The OHA failure group consisted of 180 patients whose HbA1c levels were >8% in spite of optimal combined OHA therapy or patients who required insulin therapy within the two years of the study. Results The OHA failure group had higher baseline values of fasting and postprandial glucose, HbA1c, and lower fasting, postprandial, and delta C-peptide compared to those of the OHA responsive group. The OHA failure group also had a higher proportion of female patients, longer diabetic duration, and more family history of diabetes. There were no significant differences in body mass index (BMI) or insulin resistance index between the two groups. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the highest quartile of baseline fasting, postprandial glucose, and HbA1c and the lowest quartile of postprandial and delta C-peptide were associated with an increased odds ratio of OHA failure after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, and family history of diabetes. Conclusion Lower baseline values of postprandial and delta C-peptide and elevated fasting glucose and HbA1c are associated with long-term OHA responsiveness in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Hyperactivated Wnt Signaling Induces Synthetic Lethal Interaction with Rb Inactivation by Elevating TORC1 Activities

Inactivation of the Rb tumor suppressor can lead to increased cell proliferation or cell death depending on specific cellular context. Therefore, identification of the interacting pathways that modulate the effect of Rb loss will provide novel insights into the roles of Rb in cancer development and promote new therapeutic strategies. Here, we identify a novel synthetic lethal interaction between Rb inactivation and deregulated Wg/Wnt signaling through unbiased genetic screens. We show that a weak allele of axin, which deregulates Wg signaling and increases cell proliferation without obvious effects on cell fate specification, significantly alters metabolic gene expression, causes hypersensitivity to metabolic stress induced by fasting, and induces synergistic apoptosis with mutation of fly Rb ortholog, rbf. Furthermore, hyperactivation of Wg signaling by other components of the Wg pathway also induces synergistic apoptosis with rbf. We show that hyperactivated Wg signaling significantly increases TORC1 activity and induces excessive energy stress with rbf mutation. Inhibition of TORC1 activity significantly suppressed synergistic cell death induced by hyperactivated Wg signaling and rbf inactivation, which is correlated with decreased energy stress and decreased induction of apoptotic regulator expression. Finally the synthetic lethality between Rb and deregulated Wnt signaling is conserved in mammalian cells and that inactivation of Rb and APC induces synergistic cell death through a similar mechanism. These results suggest that elevated TORC1 activity and metabolic stress underpin the evolutionarily conserved synthetic lethal interaction between hyperactivated Wnt signaling and inactivated Rb tumor suppressor.
Oscillate wildly: the under-acknowledged prevalence, predictors, and outcomes of multi-disciplinary arts practice

ABSTRACT This article draws on data from a survey of U.S. arts and design graduates (N = 26,672) to analyse the prevalence, predictors, and outcomes of multi-disciplinary artistic careers. We propose that the practice of multiple artforms is a common, albeit under-acknowledged, component of nimbly navigating artistic labour markets, alongside other strategies such as multiple jobholding and self-employment. While there are undoubtedly benefits to specialization, overall, we find that generalist arts alumni are more likely to continue working in the arts well after graduation. Being a multi-disciplinary artist is significantly associated with a range of entrepreneurial career activities, such as self-employment or freelancing, teaching in the arts, or managing an arts-related organization. Working across multiple artforms is connected to feeling satisfied with one’s education and career pathways, however multi-disciplinary artists are significantly less satisfied with the levels of job security and income that their current work provides. We conclude with implications for future research.
Shiga Toxins 1 and 2 Translocate Differently across Polarized Intestinal Epithelial Cells

ABSTRACT Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is an important food-borne pathogen that causes hemolytic-uremic syndrome. Following ingestion, STEC cells colonize the intestine and produce Shiga toxins (Stx), which appear to translocate across the intestinal epithelium and subsequently reach sensitive endothelial cell beds. STEC cells produce one or both of two major toxins, Stx1 and Stx2. Stx2-producing STEC is more often associated with disease for reasons as yet undetermined. In this study, we used polarized intestinal epithelial cells grown on permeable filters as a model to compare Stx1 and Stx2 movement across the intestinal epithelium. We have previously shown that biologically active Stx1 is able to translocate across cell monolayers in an energy-dependent, saturable manner. This study demonstrates that biologically active Stx2 is also capable of movement across the epithelium without affecting barrier function, but significantly less Stx2 crossed monolayers than Stx1. Chilling the monolayers to 4°C reduced the amount of Stx1 and Stx2 movement by 200-fold and 20-fold respectively. Stx1 movement was clearly directional, favoring an apical-to-basolateral translocation, whereas Stx2 movement was not. Colchicine reduced Stx1, but not Stx2, translocation. Monensin reduced the translocation of both toxins, but the effect was more pronounced with Stx1. Brefeldin A had no effect on either toxin. Excess unlabeled Stx1 blocks the movement of125I-Stx1. Excess Stx2 failed to have any effect on Stx1 movement. Our data suggests that, despite the many common physical and biochemical properties of the two toxins, they appear to be crossing the epithelial cell barrier by different pathways.
Exploring the Adaptation-mitigation Relationship: Does Information on the Costs of Adapting to Climate Change Influence Support for Mitigation?

ABSTRACT Can information about adaptation costs influence citizens’ willingness to support climate change mitigation? Some scholars are concerned that policy discussions on adaptation might present climate change as a more manageable problem, and therefore crowd out mitigation efforts. On the other hand, providing information on adaptation costs may sensitize citizens to these costs, thereby increasing their willingness to support mitigation. To assess these conflicting predictions, we fielded a web-based survey experiment using a sample of 2,000 US-based respondents. We presented the respondents with a hypothetical newspaper article regarding a proposed gasoline tax (a mitigation strategy) and measured the support for this proposal across different treatment groups. In the control group, the respondents were told that failure to mitigate climate change could result in a potentially catastrophic outcome, whereas in each of the treatment groups the respondents were provided with information concerning possible adaptation costs. The respondents were then asked about their willingness to support a gasoline tax. Our key finding is that the provision of information about adaptation costs leads to a small increase in the respondents’ willingness to support mitigation efforts. Furthermore, we find that this effect becomes larger when the information regarding adaptation costs is made more specific.
The Promise of Bilingual and Dual Immersion Education. CEPA Working Paper No. 15-11.

One in five school-age children in the U.S. speaks a language other than English at home (Zeigler & Camarota, 2014). Roughly half of these emerging bilingual students (Garcia, 2009) are classified as English learners (ELs) when they enter school, meaning they do not meet state or district criteria for English proficiency (NCES, 2015). As the fastest growing official subgroup of students, ELs are transforming schools across the country, in cities as well as suburban and rural communities; in traditional immigrant-receiving areas as well as in new immigrant destinations. Emerging bilingual students, and the subset of them that are classified as ELs, bring with them important linguistic, social, cultural, and intellectual assets that can enrich and strengthen education for all students (González, Moll & Amanti, 2013). But questions persist around how best to ensure that students who are not yet proficient in English can thrive in school, academically, linguistically, and socially. Should ELs be taught in bilingual classrooms that promote fluency in their home language while ensuring access to core academic content and developing English language skills? Or should they be taught in English immersion classrooms in order to maximize exposure to English? How do we ensure that emerging bilingual students develop both English proficiency and strong academic skills, while maintaining and developing literacy in their home language? How can schools best build on ELs’ linguistic assets and support their educational needs? ABSTRACT AUTHORS
Pengaruh komitmen dan loyalitas terhadap kinerja dan kedisiplinan pegawai di balai Diklat Keagamaan Surabaya

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh komitmen dan loyalitas terhadap kinerja dan kedisiplinan secara parsial maupun secara simultan di Balai Diklat Keagamaan Surabaya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif jenis hipotesis asosiatif. Cara yang digunakan peneliti dalam menjawab tujuan tersebut adalah dengan menggunakan uji regresi linier berganda. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodelogi kuantitatif dengan jenis hipotesis asosiatif. Penelitian ini berlokasi di Balai Diklat Keagamaan Surabaya dengan jumlah 59 responden. Hasil penelitian ini akan membuktikan 6 hipotesis. Hipotesis pertama menunjukkan bahwa komitmen terhadap kinerja berpengaruh signifikan dengan p value 0.000 dan nilai hubungan sebesar 0.550. Hipotesis kedua menunjukkan bahwa komitmen terhadap kedisiplinan berpengaruh signifikan dengan p value 0.005 dan nilai hubungan sebesar 0.335. Hipotesis ketiga menunjukkan bahwa loyalitas terhadap kinerja berpengaruh signifikan denganp value 0.000 dan nilai hubungan sebesar 0.835. Hipotesis keempat menunjukkan bahwa loyalitas terhadap kedisiplinan berpengaruh signifikan dengan p value 0.000 dan nilai hubungan sebesar 0.691. Hipotesis kelima menunjukkan bahwa komitmen dan loyalitas terhadap kinerja berpengaruh signifikan denganp value 0.000 dan nilai hubungan sebesar 0.692. Hipotesis keenam menunjukkan bahwa komitmen dan loyalitas terhadap kedisiplinan berpengaruh signifikan dengan p value 0.000 dan nilai hubungan sebesar 0.692. Model regresi yang digunakan peneliti dapat digunakan sebagai prediksi tingkat kinerja dan kedisiplinan pegawai dengan komitmen dan loyalitas pada masa yang akan datang. Hal ini dikarenakan nilai SEE lebih kecil daripada nilai simpangan baku. Nilai SEE sebesar 4.265 dan nilai simpangan baku sebesar 7.846.
A Fraction Sense Intervention for Sixth Graders With or At Risk for Mathematics Difficulties

The efficacy of a research-based fraction sense intervention for sixth graders with or at risk for mathematics difficulties (N = 52) was examined. The intervention aimed to build understanding of fraction magnitudes on the number line. Key concepts were taught with a narrow range of denominators to develop deep understanding. The intervention was centered on a visual number line in the meaningful context of a color run race. Students were randomly assigned to the fraction sense intervention (n = 25) or a business-as-usual control group (n = 27). Students in the intervention condition received 21 lessons in small groups (45 min each) during their regular mathematics intervention period. Students in the intervention group performed significantly better than those in the control group on a measure of fraction number line estimation and a more general measure of fraction concepts, both at immediate posttest and delayed posttest, with large effect sizes; lesser effects were shown for fraction arithmetic.
Enzyme-Modified Cheese Exerts Inhibitory Effects on Allergen Permeation in Rats Suffering from Indomethacin-Induced Intestinal Inflammation

We have found that an enzyme-modified cheese (EMC) inhibited the permeation of allergens such as ovalbumin (OVA), using Caco-2 cells as an in vitro intestinal epithelial model. In addition, NPWDQ (Asn-Pro-Trp-Asp-Gln, aa 107-111 of αs2-casein) was isolated from EMC and identified as one of the responsible peptides for this inhibitory activity (Tanabe et al., J. Agric. Food Chem., (2007)). In this study, we aimed to clarify the mechanism by which NPWDQ inhibited allergen permeation in vitro, and also to evaluate the effects of EMC on allergen permeation in vivo. Intestinal permeability for both fluorescein isothiocyanate conjugated dextran and horseradish peroxidase was decreased in Caco-2 cells by the addition of NPWDQ, indicating that NPWDQ might inhibit both paracellular and transcellular transports. Next, intestinal inflammation was induced by subcutaneous injections of indomethacin to rats. When OVA was injected into the jejunal and ileac loops of indomethacin-administered rats with and without NPWDQ, it was found that the addition of NPWDQ effectively diminished OVA permeation from both loops. Although the plasma OVA concentration of indomethacin-administered rats after oral OVA challenge was markedly elevated over that of normal rats, supplemental administration of EMC to the rats effectively suppressed OVA permeation. These results suggest that EMC is useful for the prevention of food allergy by inhibiting allergen permeation probably by enforcing the intestinal barrier.
Algebraic Structure Defectoscopy ( ASD Tests )

We present a novel instrument of automated cryptanalysis suitable for measuring the number of rounds that can build one PRF round, so that 4 such rounds could be recommended as a Luby-Rackoff cipher secure against adaptive attacks. ASD tests can detect structural flaws in al l kinds of cryptographic primitives and their implementations. We present our results for some of the well-known ciphers and hash functions and for some of the eSTREAM candidates. Our tools can distinguish complete Achterbahn, Grain v1 and Grain-128 from random, detect weak keys in the complete IDEA cipher and find fata l structural flaws even in complete ciphers l ike LILI, KeeLoq or TEA in a matter of seconds. Cryptanalysts can save their valuable time by requiring that a l l new ciphers must pass not only randomness tests, but also automated cryptanalysis tests like ours before they could be considered interesting for manual cryptanalytic study.
Business conjuncturality on the topic of personal mobility using electric automobiles

Abstract The present article seek to continue last year’s research by improving upon the subjects of current business models pertaining to personal mobility by way of electric automobiles, the efficiency of said models and by eventually developing a propitious business model, tailored to specificities of this domain. While the proposed topic is circumscribed within the general preoccupation with the rehabilitation of the natural environment through a better use of renewable energy, our fascination stems from the fact that personal mobility with the use of electric vehicles is one of the most dynamic and interesting social, economic and cultural worldwide phenomenon of the last decade. This topic has been broached, under different titles, by a number of researchers. After a significant amount of research on the subject, we realised that the importance of some of the thematic problem’s determining factors has not been sufficiently emphasised neither in the theoretical findings of the most current research nor has it been sufficiently considered and practiced by the industry’s ”principal players” - the entrepreneurs and the managers. The satisfaction associated with this newly formed revelation as well as the confidence to further pursue this line of inquiry have been significantly marked by the realisation that the same concerns have already been touched upon by authors such as Christian Lerch, Fabian Kley, David Dallinger, Thomas Budde Christensen, Peter Wells, Liana Cipcigan. Any analysis of the subject matter is further complicated by the current economic turbulence. Therefore, this article aims to provide not only a nuanced understanding and a clear, exact and correct interpretation of some of the most important “factors/variables” involved but also reconsider the significance of said “factors/variables” within the context of the proposed research theme, so that based on the results of our research we might define a epistemologically useful yet practical concept. In any case, the present articles seeks to provoke further analysis and debate over the conjectural nature of innovative business models applicable to the electrical car mobility field.