Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unequal contributions of male and female gene pools from parental populations in the African descendants of the city of Melo, Uruguay.

In admixed populations, genetic contributions from males and females of specific parental populations can be of different proportions due to past directional mating during the process of genetic admixture. In this research paper, we provide evidence of such male- and female-specific differential admixture components of African, European, and American Indian origin in an admixed population from the city of Melo, in the northeastern region of Uruguay. From data on 11 autosomal markers from a sample of 41 individuals of mixed African descent, we estimated 47% African, 38% European, and 15% Amerindian contributions. In contrast, 6 mtDNA site-specific polymorphic markers showed that the mtDNA genome of these individuals was 52% African, 19% European, and 29% Amerindian, while from 3 Y-specific polymorphic sites, we estimated 30% African, 64% European, and 6% Amerindian contributions. We argue that this heterogeneity of admixture estimates results from disproportionate unions of European males with African and American Indian females from which this mixed African population was formed. Also, we argue that the asymmetry of the admixture estimates from the three sets of markers (autosomal, mtDNA, and Y-linked) is a result of the changes in the direction of mating during the history of the population. Implications of such evidence of directional mating are discussed, indicating the need of further demographic data for a quantitative assessment of the impact of directional mating on genetic structure of admixed populations.
Television watching, newspaper reading, and cohort differences in verbal ability

L'A. etudie, avec l'aide d'une analyse par cohortes, le phenomene d'amoindrissement du vocabulaire aux Etats-Unis. Il estime que celui-ci est du a un declin de la lecture des journaux. Il montre que la television ainsi que la participation de plus en plus importante des femmes dans le monde du travail interviennent pour expliquer ce phenomene. Il considere que le declin d'autres formes de lecture parallele a celle des journaux permettent aussi de comprendre ces differences observees au niveau des cohortes en matiere d'habilete verbale
Closed stream lines in uncertain vector fields

We present a method for the detection and visualization of closed stream lines topologically acting as sources or sinks in uncertain 2D and 3D vector fields. For their detection, we apply a Monte Carlo simulation which generates particle distribution functions representing sinks and sources. We show that in the uncertain case there is no structural difference between critical points and closed orbits. This allows the application of critical point extractors to closed stream lines as well. We show applications for some synthetic and real world examples.
Do students' self-efficacy beliefs moderate the effects of performance goals on self-regulatory strategy use?

We examined whether perceived self-efficacy moderated the relationship between performance goals and self-regulatory strategy use in two different samples of 178 and 108 Norwegian post-secondary students. Using multiple regression with interaction terms, we found that perceived self-efficacy moderated the relation between performance-avoidance goals and reported use of self-regulatory strategies for students in a competitive, performance-oriented context. Specifically, in that context, there seemed to be a negative effect of increased performance-avoidance goal orientation for students with high self-efficacy and a positive effect of increased performance-avoidance goal orientation for students with low self-efficacy. While the nature of this moderator effect is not consistent with what has previously been suggested by researchers using a goal orientation framework, our findings point to the importance of examining self-efficacy moderator effects in different study contexts.
An investigation into CLIL-related sections of EFL coursebooks: issues of CLIL inclusion in the publishing market

The current English Language Teaching (ELT) global coursebook market has embraced content and language integrated learning (CLIL) as a weak form of bilingual education and an innovative component to include in General English coursebooks for EFL contexts. In this paper, I investigate how CLIL is included in ELT coursebooks aimed at young learners, available to teachers in Argentina. My study is based on the content analysis of four series, which include a section advertised as CLIL oriented. Results suggest that such sections are characterised by (1) little correlation between featured subject–specific content and school curricula in L1, (2) oversimplification of contents and (3) dominance of reading skills development and lower-order thinking tasks. Through this study, I argue that CLIL components become superficial supplements rather than a meaningful attempt to promote weak forms of bilingual education.
Neuropsychological Rehabilitation of Patients with Organic Solvent-induced Chronic Toxic Encephalopathy. A Pilot Study

Fourteen patients with organic solvent-induced chronic toxic encephalopathy participated in a neuropsychological rehabilitation programme for 10 weeks. The programme consisted of group therapy and cognitive rehabilitation that focused on visual imagery. The rehabilitation was evaluated with neurophysiological methods, psychometric testing, questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The patients were examined twice before the intervention, after the intervention, and finally after a further 6 months. A significant reduction of symptoms was noted after the intervention. Immediately after the rehabilitation programme the patients' performance improved on the Revised Visual Retention Test and on Paired Associates. At the follow-up examination only the improvement in Paired Associates remained. No effects of rehabilitation were observed on the resting regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) level or pattern. After the intervention, a shift in hemispheric asymmetries was noted during activation, with higher act.
“Negative Process”: A Recurrently Discovered and Underestimated Facet of Therapeutic Process and Outcome in the Individual Psychotherapy of Adults

A good therapeutic alliance has proven to be an important contributor to positive outcome in the individual psychotherapies of adults. Treatment models that have been studied include psychodynamic, cognitive, cognitive-behavioral, interpersonal, experiential, and some eclectic approaches. However, the ability of therapists to establish and maintain a good alliance has been greatly overestimated. The reason for this is the enormous difficulty that human beings have in dealing with Interpersonal conflict in which they are participants. Evidence for the ways in which therapists struggle with negative therapeutic process—hostile interchanges between patients and therapists—is traced throughout the psychotherapy research literature. It appears that negative process is a major obstacle to successful treatment, and that its pervasiveness has been underestimated. A therapeutic technical strategy that uses metacommunication is recommended for effectively managing negative process. Training therapists to use this technical strategy is discussed, as are recommendations for future research on the topic of negative process.
Musical learning: Differences between boys and girls in Hong Kong Chinese co-educational secondary schools

This paper presents an overview of boys' and girls' musical learning inside and outside school. This involves a sampling survey of 877 pupils (414 boys and 463 girls) in nine Chinese secondary schools. The paper argues that patterns of gender stereotyping associated with music among Hong Kong students have some similarities with those in the Western world. The impact of gender beliefs was most evident in types of instrumental learning, types of music activities, and listening and singing preferences. The subjects' attitudes towards the promotion of popular and Western classical musics in school emerged as statistically significant, while their attitude towards Chinese classical music was non-significant.
Upregulation of the low density lipoprotein receptor at the blood-brain barrier: intercommunications between brain capillary endothelial cells and astrocytes

In contrast to the endothelial cells in large vessels where LDL receptors are downregulated, brain capillary endothelial cells in vivo express an LDL receptor. Using a cell culture model of the blood-brain barrier consisting of a coculture of brain capillary endothelial cells and astrocytes, we observed that the capacity of endothelial cells to bind LDL is enhanced threefold when cocultured with astrocytes. We next investigated the ability of astrocytes to modulate endothelial cell LDL receptor expression. We have shown that the lipid requirement of astrocytes increases the expression of endothelial cell LDL receptors. Experiments with dialysis membranes of different pore size showed that this effect is mediated by a soluble factor(s) with relative molecular mass somewhere between 3,500 and 14,000. Substituting astrocytes with smooth muscle cells or brain endothelium with endothelium from the aorta or the adrenal cortex did not enhance the luminal LDL receptor expression on endothelial cells, demonstrating the specificity of the interactions. This factor(s) is exclusively secreted by astrocytes cocultured with brain capillary endothelial cells, but it also upregulates the LDL receptor on other cell types. This study confirms the notion that the final fine tuning of cell differentiation is under local control.
Immunolocalisation of opticin in the human eye

Aim: To localise the recently discovered glycoprotein opticin in the adult human eye. Methods: Polyclonal rabbit antisera were raised against two different opticin peptides. Isolated human vitreous collagen fibrils were extracted with 8 M urea and the extract analysed by SDS-PAGE and western blotting. Paraffin embedded sections from two normal eyes were subjected to immunohistochemical analysis. Results: Western blot analysis of the vitreous collagen fibril extract specifically identified opticin as a 45–50 kDa component that migrated as a doublet. Opticin was especially immunolocalised to the vitreous humour where labelling was most intense in the basal and cortical vitreous gel and less intense in the central vitreous. In addition, specific staining was observed along the surfaces of adjacent basement membranes including the internal limiting membrane (ILM) and posterior capsule of the lens. In one eye, labelling was also observed on the anterior lens capsule, but no other ocular tissues were specifically labelled. A type XVIII collagen/endostatin antibody labelled several ocular tissues including the ILM and basal vitreous gel. Conclusion: The immunolocalisation of opticin was confined to the vitreous humour, ILM, and lens capsule. In situ hybridisation studies have previously demonstrated opticin expression by the posterior non-pigmented ciliary epithelium. Thus, the immunolocalisation data support the proposition that the non-pigmented ciliary epithelium secretes opticin into the vitreous cavity where it associates with vitreous collagen and adjacent basement membranes. The staining along the ILM suggests a role for opticin in vitreoretinal adhesion and the co-localisation of opticin with type XVIII collagen/endostatin at the ILM raises the possibility that interactions between these two molecules might contribute to vitreoretinal adhesion.
Defining Emotional Intelligence in Music Education

D sychometric theories of human intelligence have previously sought to understand the structure of intellectual functioning 1 by examining the form of intelligence and attempting to identify its component parts. Generally, much of the investigation of this phenomenon has been based in pencil-and-paper tests of mental abilities that include the use of analogies, classifications, and the completion of mathematical series. Although conventional testing has been somewhat limited to these three basic types of activities, criticism of the theories upon which such tests are based has generated further inquiry into the processes of the mind and the multiple factors that may be at play in human meaning-making. In this article, I will briefly review some of the theories of multiple intelligences and factors contributing to established views of intelligence and relate those to the recent best-selling writings of journalist and former New York Zmes reporter Daniel Goleman (1995). Goleman suggests that measures of emotional intelligence may provide a better understanding of human intellectual processes than the previously favored intelligence quotients derived largely from verbal and mathematics-based testing procedures. As a music educator, I believe that it is important to question what Goleman’s theory may mean in a domain where “feelingful intelligence” is considered a key element and to determine what aspect of Goleman’s theory, if any, might be usefully incorporated into music education practices.
Madness and civilization : a history of insanity in the age of reason

Introduction by David Cooper, Preface 1. "Stultifera Navis" 2.The Great Confinement 3.The Insane 4.Passion and Delirium 5. Aspects of Madness 6.Doctors and Patients 7.The Great Fear 8.The New Division 9.The Birth of the Asylum, Conclusion, Notes
A Review of Device Failure in More Than 23 Years of Clinical Experience of a Cochlear Implant Program With More Than 3,400 Implantees

Background: During the last 25 years, the cochlear implant (CI), an active implantable assistive hearing device designed to provide electrical stimulation to the inner ear of the profoundly hearing-impaired individual, has been provided to more than 150,000 recipients worldwide. More recently, implants have been placed in young children as young as 6 months old. With the expectation of lifelong implant use, as with all active implantable medical devices, CI device failure is an inherent risk. Comprehensive, transparent, and comparable information on the incidence of device failure is essential to support individual CI candidate decisions and that of those responsible for the CI program. Methods: An examination and analysis of our internal electronic database for more than 23 years of CI implant procedures in 3,417 recipients were performed. The cause and incidence of device failure per model and implant type were reported as cumulative survival rates (CSRs). Results: Our experience shows that at 6 years postimplant, there are significant differences in percent CSR and failure modes between implant CI models and CI brands for children and adult CI users. Typically, the percent CSR has increased for successive generations of implant models but not without exception. Failure modes are most commonly related to impact, electronic dysfunction, or leakage. After device failure, explant-reimplant is a safe and acceptable treatment option. Conclusion: Percent CSR for CI devices at comparable postimplant time intervals varies, and as such, this information should continue to be carefully and systematically monitored and used by clinicians during counseling to support decisions by CI candidates, CI programs, and assist manufacturers in future developments.
Anti‐IL‐12 and anti‐TNF antibodies synergistically suppress the progression of murine collagen‐induced arthritis

The co‐ordinate role of the Th1 cytokine IL‐12 and the proinflammatory cytokine TNF in arthritis was explored using the DBA/1 mouse model, collagen‐induced arthritis (CIA). In this study, mice with established arthritis were treated with anti‐IL‐12 and/or anti‐TNF antibodies for 10 days from the onset of disease. Clinical assessment showed that the combined antibody treatment ameliorated disease severity to a greater extent than anti‐TNF alone. Supporting these observations, histological analysis revealed that there was a reduced joint damage in the mice that received combined anti‐IL‐12 and anti‐TNF treatment, compared to the other treatment groups. Anti‐IL‐12 had no statistically significant effect on the clinical outcome of disease. The combination of anti‐IL‐12 and anti‐TNF treatment was found to reduce collagen type II (CII)‐specific lymph node cell IFN‐γ production and proliferation, as well as decrease the anti‐CII IgG2a : IgG1 ratio more effectively than either treatment alone. When the antibodies were added to synovial cells from arthritic mice and bone marrow macrophages in vitro, anti‐TNF diminished IL‐12 production, but anti‐IL‐12 had no effect on TNF production. These data suggest that, through the partial regulation of IL‐12, TNF modulates the immune response in arthritis, as well as the inflammatory response. The synergistic action of anti‐TNF and anti‐IL‐12 on CIA may provide a new therapeutic approach for treating rheumatoid arthritis.
ASSESSMENT OF PROCESS PARAMETERS IN ABRASIVE WATERJET CUTTING OF STAINLESS STEEL

Abrasive waterjet cutting is one of the non-traditional cutting processes capable of cutting wide range of hardto-cut materials. This paper assesses the influence of process parameters on depth of cut which is an important cutting performance measure in abrasive waterjet cutting of stainless steel. The process variables considered here include traverse speed, abrasive flow rate, standoff distance and water pressure. Experiments were conducted in varying these parameters for cutting stainless steel using abrasive waterjet cutting process. In order to correctly select the process parameters, an empirical model for the prediction of depth of cut in abrasive waterjet cutting of stainless steel is developed using regression analysis. This developed model has been verified with the experimental results that reveal a high applicability of the model within the experimental range used.
Nowhere is as at home: adjustment strategies of recent immigrant women from the former Yugoslav Republics in southeast Queensland

This paper analyses adjustment strategies of women from the former Yugoslav Republics who have settled in Australia since 1991. The majority of these recent immigrants have been humanitarian settlers and refugees, and this has had specific implications for their adjustment strategies. In-depth interviews were conducted during 1996-97 with 52 former Yugoslavian-born women who resided in southeast Queensland. The women's assessments of their decision to immigrate resulted in three adjustment strategies: (1) loss orientation, (2) ambivalence and (3) future orientation. Described separately, this typology delineates only ideal types, but is predictive of the kinds of settlement and coping issues that are faced by individual immigrants. The adjustment strategies are primarily affected by the women's status as independent immigrants or refugees and humanitarian settlers, social capital and social constraints in the host country.
UPI

Uncertain data management has received growing attention from industry and academia. Many efforts have been made to optimize uncertain databases, including the development of special index data structures. However, none of these efforts have explored primary (clustered) indexes for uncertain databases, despite the fact that clustering has the potential to offer substantial speedups for non-selective analytic queries on large uncertain databases. In this paper, we propose a new index called a UPI (Uncertain Primary Index) that clusters heap files according to uncertain attributes with both discrete and continuous uncertainty distributions. Because uncertain attributes may have several possible values, a UPI on an uncertain attribute duplicates tuple data once for each possible value. To prevent the size of the UPI from becoming unmanageable, its size is kept small by placing low-probability tuples in a special Cutoff Index that is consulted only when queries for low-probability values are run. We also propose several other optimizations, including techniques to improve secondary index performance and techniques to reduce maintenance costs and fragmentation by buffering changes to the table and writing updates in sequential batches. Finally, we develop cost models for UPIs to estimate query performance in various settings to help automatically select tuning parameters of a UPI. We have implemented a prototype UPI and experimented on two real datasets. Our results show that UPIs can significantly (up to two orders of magnitude) improve the performance of uncertain queries both over clustered and unclustered attributes. We also show that our buffering techniques mitigate table fragmentation and keep the maintenance cost as low as or even lower than using an unclustered heap file.
Athletes as Tourists: The Roles of Mode of Experience and Achievement Orientation

This study uses the concept of mode of experience and achievement goal theory to further our understanding of active sport tourists. Research suggests there are three types of mode (i.e. place, activity and social group) and two types of achievement orientation (i.e. ego, or ‘Being the best’, and task, or ‘Doing your best'). Cluster analyses of athletes attending the 2005 World Masters Games resulted in four groups, all high on activity mode and task orientation, but different in terms of: (1) moderate social group and place modes and either low or moderate ego orientations; and (2) neutral social group and low place modes and either low or moderate ego orientations. Similarities and differences in trip, activity and socio-demographic characteristics were found amongst the four groups. Findings are discussed with regard to support for an active sport tourism taxonomy and framework based on mode of experience and achievement orientation, and practical and conceptual implications are outlined.
The Social Psychology of Bargaining

This book is about socio-psychological factors which influence the process of bargaining, with particular attention paid to its structure. It draws on Ann Douglas’ 1957 conclusion that negotiations can be characterised according to change in the balance between the interpersonal and interparty forces involved: &dquo;The peaceful settlement of industrial and inter-group disputes. &dquo;’ The present researchers sought to test this in plant level bargaining, using both real life negotiations and laboratory simulations. The study, written up here in a form appropriate mainly for advanced undergraduate and postgraduate studies, extends Douglas’ findings. Part 1 comprises a systematic review of sociopsychological approaches to the study of bargaining, focusing in particular on Douglas’ &dquo;normative account of successful negotiation&dquo;; Joseph Magrath’s &dquo;tripolar model of collective bargaining&dquo; and Walton and McKensie’s theory of bargaining sub-processes. Part 2 presents the results of the researchers’ own project. The final chapter, &dquo;Stages in Negotiation: A Quasi-Prescriptive Model&dquo;, concludes with the findings that negotiations start with a period of &dquo;hard distributive bargaining&dquo;. The parties move towards agreement with a period of problem solving which throws up proposals for evaluation, which finally must be adopted for trial. There follows a period of decision making and action in which the implications of possible settlement points are explored.