Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experiments to Illustrate The Effect Of Chlorpromazine On The Permeability Of The Bacterial Cell Wall

The present investigation has been made to illustrate whether the cell walls of micro‐organisms are affected by membrane stabilizers. In vitro experiments were carried out with S. aureus under the influence of chlorpromazine (CPZ). De‐pigmentation and a bacteriostatic and bactericidal effect of CPZ on the micro‐organisms were seen. It has been shown that concentrations of CPZ near the bacteriostatic value, in combination with bacterial haemolysins, alters erythrocyte membranes (horse and rabbit) in such a way that they become resistant to haemolysis. It has been shown that CPZ in bacteriostatic concentration probably changes the transport of potassium through the bacterial membrane in the same manner as described for mammalian muscle tissue.
iCLEF 2001 at Maryland: Comparing Word-for-Word Gloss and MT

For the rst interactive Cross-Language Evaluation Forum, the Maryland team focused on comparison of term-for-term gloss translation with full machine translation for the document selection task. The results show that (1) searchers are able to make relevance judgments with translations from either approach, and (2) the machine translation system achieved better e ectiveness than the gloss translation strategy that we tried, although the di erence is not statistically signi cant. It was noted that the \somewhat relevant" category was used di erently by searchers presented with gloss translations than with machine translations, and some reasons for that di erence are suggested. Finally, the results suggest that the F measure used in this evaluation is better suited for use with topics that have many known relevant documents than those with few.
Evaluating Peer-based Youth Programs: Barriers and Enablers

Peer-based programs are increasingly used by community organisations to support vulnerable youth who are at risk of developing mental health problems. Such programs are as diverse as the populations they support and include: drop-in services; peer education; as well as camps and online discussion forums for hard-to-reach populations that may not access more conventional forms of support, owing to issues of stigma or accessibility (for example, same-sex-attracted youth and teenage parents). There has been limited evaluation of peer-based community programs. Therefore, the lack of evidence of program effectiveness makes it difficult for service providers to secure continuous funding and threatens program sustainability. This article reports on a study designed to investigate barriers and enablers associated with evaluating peer-based youth programs. The resulting implications for policy, practice and research are discussed.
Point prevalence of wounds in a sample of acute hospitals in Canada

To provide new information on wound prevalence and the potential resource impact of non healing wounds in the acute sector by summarising results from wound audits carried out at 13 acute hospitals in Canada in 2006 and 2007. Audits were carried out in each hospital by the same independent team of advanced practice nurses using standard data‐collection forms. The results reported here were derived from the summary reports for each hospital. A total of 3099 patients were surveyed (median 259 patients per hospital). In the sample hospitals, the mean prevalence of patients with wounds was 41·2%. Most wounds were pressure ulcers (56·2%) or surgical wounds (31·1%). The mean prevalence of pressure ulcers was 22·9%. A majority of pressure ulcers (79·3%) were hospital‐acquired, and 26·5% were severe (Stage III or IV). The rate of surgical wound infection was 6·3%. Forty‐five percent of patients had dressings changed at least daily and the mean dressing time was 10·5 minutes. Wounds are a common and potentially expensive occurrence in acute hospitals. Any wound has the potential to develop complications which compromise patient safety and increase hospital costs. Ensuring consistent, best‐practice wound management programmes should be a key priority for hospital managers.
Battery Modeling for Energy-Aware System Design

Advances in battery technology have not kept pace with rapidly growing energy demands. Most laptops, handheld PCs, and cell phones use batteries that take anywhere from 1.5 to 4 hours to fully charge but can run on this charge for only a few hours. The battery has thus become a key control parameter in the energy management of portables. To meet the stringent power budget of these devices, researchers have explored various architectural, hardware, software, and system-level optimizations to minimize the energy consumed per useful computation. Research in battery-aware optimization is now moving from stand-alone devices to networks of wireless devices, specifically, ad hoc and distributed sensor networks. Computationally feasible mathematical models are now available that capture battery discharge characteristics in sufficient detail to let designers develop an optimization strategy that extracts maximum charge.
Large-Scale Sidereal Anisotropy of Galactic Cosmic-Ray Intensity Observed by the Tibet Air Shower Array

We present the large-scale sidereal anisotropy of Galactic cosmic-ray intensity in the multi-TeV region observed with the Tibet-III air shower array during the period from 1999 through 2003. The sidereal daily variation of cosmic rays observed in this experiment shows an excess of relative intensity around 4-7 hr local sidereal time as well as a deficit around 12 hr local sidereal time. While the amplitude of the excess is not significant when averaged over all declinations, the excess in individual declination bands becomes larger and clearer as the viewing direction moves toward the south. The maximum phase of the excess intensity changes from ~7 hr at the Northern Hemisphere to ~4 hr at the equatorial region. We also show that both the amplitude and the phase of the first harmonic vector of the daily variation are remarkably independent of primary energy in the multi-TeV region. This is the first result determining the energy and declination dependences of the full 24 hr profiles of the sidereal daily variation in the multi-TeV region with a single air shower experiment.
Fifteen years of research on nephrin: what we still need to know.

Mortality among hemodialysis patients remains unacceptably high in the USA, especially among newly diagnosed end-stage renal disease patients. Chronic in ﬂ ammation is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease among HD patients. It has been shown that complications of the arteriovenous (AV) access are not just limited to overt infectious complications but they may also pose a threat as a haven for occult infection and can aggravate the chronic in ﬂ ammatory state. This in ﬂ ammatory state is characterized by failure to thrive, ery-thropoietin-resistant anemia, hypoalbuminemia, elevated plasma C-reactive protein levels, which are well-known risk factors for increased morbidity and mortality on dialysis. In this issue, Wasse et al. presents a paper that demonstrates in a large cohort that failed AV grafts are associated with increased chronic in ﬂ ammatory markers. They have provided a
MANAGEMENT OF INFLAMMATORY APPENDICEAL MASS IN ZEWDITU MEMORIAL HOSPITAL, ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA.

BACKGROUND Appendiceal mass is one of the complications of acute appendicitis. The management of patients with appendiceal mass is controversial and different treatment options have been suggested. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the results of conservative management of patients with appendiceal mass followed by interval appendicecomy. METHODS The study was a retrospective analysis of 73 medical records of patients with appendiceal mass who were managed conservatively between March 2007 and February 2014. RESULTS Fifty patients were males and 23 patients were females making the male to female ratio of 2.2:1. The mean age was 29.6 ± 6.3 years (range 12-68 years). The maximum incidence was in the 3rd decade. Forty one (55.8%) of the patients presented one week or more after the onset of their illness. Abdominal pain, right lower quadrant (RLQ) direct and rebound tenderness were observed in all patients. Mass was detected in the RLQ in 84.9% of the patients. Sixty five patients (89%) responded to conservative treatment and these patients were discharged after a mean hospital stay of 6.5 1.5 days (range 3-12 days). Interval appendicectomy was done for 58 patients 8-16 weeks after successful conservative management. The mean hospital stay after interval appendicectomy was 3.5 ± 0.5 days with a range of 2-5 days. One patient (1.7%) had a wound infection. There were no deaths. CONCLUSION Initial non-operative management of appendiceal mass was successful in most cases and the complication rate after interval appendicecomy seems lower than with early operative treatment.
Attitudes Towards Continuing Bonds, Attachment Vulnerability, and the Moderating Effects of Gender

This correlational study involved a student sample. Factor analysis yielded two continuing bond attitude components: the view that maintaining an emotional connection with the memory of the deceased was adaptive (MtA) and the view that such a connection was maladaptive (MtD). MtD correlated positively with attachment insecurity and general attachment vulnerability and negatively with the perception of social support, while MtA correlated positively with the perception of social support. Men scored higher in MtD and lower in MtA than women, and gender moderated the effect of attachment insecurity on MtD and that of previous bereavement experience on both MtD and MtA.
Low Empathy in Deaf and Hard of Hearing (Pre)Adolescents Compared to Normal Hearing Controls

Objective The purpose of this study was to examine the level of empathy in deaf and hard of hearing (pre)adolescents compared to normal hearing controls and to define the influence of language and various hearing loss characteristics on the development of empathy. Methods The study group (mean age 11.9 years) consisted of 122 deaf and hard of hearing children (52 children with cochlear implants and 70 children with conventional hearing aids) and 162 normal hearing children. The two groups were compared using self-reports, a parent-report and observation tasks to rate the children’s level of empathy, their attendance to others’ emotions, emotion recognition, and supportive behavior. Results Deaf and hard of hearing children reported lower levels of cognitive empathy and prosocial motivation than normal hearing children, regardless of their type of hearing device. The level of emotion recognition was equal in both groups. During observations, deaf and hard of hearing children showed more attention to the emotion evoking events but less supportive behavior compared to their normal hearing peers. Deaf and hard of hearing children attending mainstream education or using oral language show higher levels of cognitive empathy and prosocial motivation than deaf and hard of hearing children who use sign (supported) language or attend special education. However, they are still outperformed by normal hearing children. Conclusions Deaf and hard of hearing children, especially those in special education, show lower levels of empathy than normal hearing children, which can have consequences for initiating and maintaining relationships.
Brazilian Journal of Chemical Engineering DEGRADATION OF 2-HYDROXYBENZOIC ACID BY ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES

In this study, advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) such as the UV/H2O2 and Fenton processes were investigated for the degradation of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (2-HBA) in lab-scale experiments. Different [H2O2]/[2-HBA] molar ratios and pH values were used in order to establish the most favorable experimental conditions for the Fenton process. For comparison purposes, degradation of 2-HBA was carried out by the UV/H2O2 process under Fenton experimental conditions. The study showed that the Fenton process (a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and Fe ion) was the most effective under acidic conditions, leading to the highest rate of 2hydroxybenzoic acid degradation in a very short time interval. This same process led to a six-fold acceleration of the oxidation rate compared with the UV/H2O2 process. The degradation of 2-hydroxybenzoic acid was found to follow first-order kinetics and to be influenced by the type of process and the experimental conditions. The experimental results showed that the most favorable conditions for 2-HBA degradation by the Fenton process are pH around 4-5, [Fe] = 0.6 mmol.L, and [H2O2]/[2-HBA] molar ratio = 7. The hydroxylation route is explained here for the two processes, and the results are discussed in the light of literature information.
Association of Anti‐Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies, Anti‐Citrullin Antibodies, and IgM and IgA Rheumatoid Factors with Serological Parameters of Disease Activity in Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abstract: We evaluated the association of anti‐cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibody titers with serological markers of disease activity. We also compared three different anti‐CCP antibody ELISAs with an anti‐citrullin ELISA and the IgM and the IgA rheumatoid factor (RF) in their performance of discriminating between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other rheumatic diseases. Sera from 333 consecutive patients of the Rheumaeinheit der Medizinischen Poliklinik Munchen, an outpatient clinic for rheumatic diseases, were collected and tested. Anti‐CCP antibodies were assayed with three different commercially available ELISAs. Antifilaggrin antibodies were tested with a commercially available ELISA using in vitro deiminated recombinant rat filaggrin. IgA‐RF was analyzed with an ELISA, whereas IgM‐RF was measured by latex‐enhanced turbidimetry. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) was diagnosed in 87 patients according to the revised classification criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR), probable RA was diagnosed in 23 patients in an early phase not (yet) fulfilling the ACR criteria, and 223 patients had other rheumatic diseases. Differences in sensitivity and specificity were calculated using McNemar's test. A measure of agreement (kappa statistic) was used to examine whether the tests tended to identify the same patients as positive or negative. Correlations between CCP titers and other tests were analyzed by Spearman nonparametric rank correlation. No significant differences in sensitivity and specificity were found between the tested CCP assays (80.0‐80.9% and 97.3‐98.1%, respectively). All three CCP tests were slightly but not significantly more sensitive and specific than the anti‐citrullin assay (77% and 92%, respectively), comparably sensitive but significantly more specific compared with the IgM‐RF (86% and 82%, respectively), and significantly more sensitive but comparably specific compared with the IgA‐RF (63% and 94.4%, respectively) in detecting the patients with RA. There was no significant correlation between anti‐CCP, anti‐citrullin, or IgM‐RF or IgA‐RF antibody titers and C‐reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, or white blood cell count. A weak but significant linear correlation was found between anti‐CCP titers and IgM‐RF titers (r= 0.2, P= 0.03). We could not find a significant difference between the three tested anti‐CCP assays and the anti‐citrullin test in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Compared with the IgM‐RF, all the anti‐CCP assays were superior in specificity and comparable in sensitivity. Compared with the IgA‐RF, they were more sensitive and comparably specific in the discrimination of patients with RA from other rheumatic diseases. No correlation of any tested autoantibody titer with serological parameters of inflammation was found.
Production components of corn as function of seed distribution along the planting row

High corn yields in high-tech systems are related to proper crop implementation. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of variability in the distribution of seeds along the planting row on corn production components. The study was conducted under Cerrado conditions in the municipality of Urutai, GO, Brazil. The experimental design was randomized blocks in a 5 x 2 factorial scheme, with four replicates. The effects of five coefficients of variation (0, 20, 40, 60 and 80%) of non-uniformity in the spatial distribution of seeds along the planting row of two corn hybrids (P30F53HX and P3646HX) were evaluated. No interactions were observed for the analysed corn variables. However, as the non-uniformity in seed distribution along the planting row increased, stalk diameter, hundred-grain weight, number of rows per ear, number of kernels per row and ear length decreased. Additionally, linear reductions were observed in corn grain yield with the increase in the coefficient of variation of the spatial distribution of seeds along the planting row. Between the hybrids, the 30F53HX showed higher hundred-grain weight.
Student life stress and leisure participation

Stress is an inevitable part of university life. Understanding students' stress-coping behaviour is a topic of relevance to universities aiming to enhance student satisfaction with campus life and well-being in general. This research examined the dynamic relationships between student stress, anticipated leisure benefits, leisure participation and gender. The results have confirmed that anticipated leisure benefits are significantly related to student participation in leisure activities. While there seems to be no direct relationship between student stress and their leisure participation, perceived leisure benefits were shown to be a strong moderator in such a relationship. In this study, gender played a role in students' leisure-coping strategies.
The Aetiology of Post-traumatic Stress Disorders Following a Natural Disaster

The onset of post-traumatic stress disorders in a group of firefighters who had an intense exposure to a bushfire disaster was investigated using a longitudinal research design. Contrary to expectation, the intensity of exposure, the perceived threat, and the losses sustained in the disaster, when considered independently, were not predictors of post traumatic stress disorder. By contrast, introversion, neuroticism, and a past history and family history of psychiatric disorder were premorbid factors significantly associated with the development of chronic post-traumatic stress disorders.
Early Indications of Delayed Cognitive Development in Preschool Children Born Very Preterm: Evidence from Domain-General and Domain-Specific Tasks.

Cognitive impairment often follows preterm birth but its early underlying nature is not well understood. We used a novel approach by investigating the development of colour cognition in 54 very preterm children born ⩽30 weeks gestational age without severe neurosensory impairment and 37 age-matched term-born controls, aged 2–5 years. Quantitative and qualitative differences in the development of colour cognition are well charted throughout the preschool years, enabling delayed from deviant development to be determined. Standardized domain-general and experimental colour-specific tests of language, attention, and memory were employed. Very preterm children showed significantly depressed language than term controls, with very preterm group girls significantly outperforming boys. Very preterm children also showed poorer attention and memory than term controls, but not significantly so. Importantly, colour-specific tests showed qualitatively similar performance, but for naming and executive planning quantitatively poorer performance, across groups, indicating typical but delayed development. Hence, even before school entry, compared with term-born peers, very preterm children show delayed development of cognitive processes that underpin later scholastic abilities, but the nature by which these processes operate appears to be typical of term children. If left untreated these early developmental delays may underpin later deviations from the typical developmental trajectory. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Transient IκB Kinase Activity Mediates Temporal NF-κB Dynamics in Response to a Wide Range of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Doses*

Dynamic properties of signaling pathways control their behavior and function. We undertook an iterative computational and experimental investigation of the dynamic properties of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α-mediated activation of the transcription factor NF-κB. Surprisingly, we found that the temporal profile of the NF-κB activity is invariant to the TNFα dose. We reverse engineered a computational model of the signaling pathway to identify mechanisms that impart this important response characteristic, thus predicting that the IKK activity profile must transiently peak at all TNFα doses to generate the observed NF-κB dynamics. Experimental confirmation of this prediction emphasizes the importance of mechanisms that rapidly down-regulate IKK following TNFα activation. A refined computational model further revealed signaling characteristics that ensure robust TNFα-mediated cell-cell communication over considerable distances, allowing for fidelity of cellular inflammatory responses in infected tissue.
What Does Democracy Mean?

The open-ended responses of 701 7th to 12th graders to the question “What does democracy mean to you? ” were analyzed. In logistic regressions, age, parental education, political discussions, and participation in extracurricular activities distinguished youth who could define democracy (53%) from those who could not. Case clustering revealed three emphases in youths’ definitions: individual rights (30%), representative rule (40%), and civic equality (30%). These clusters did not vary by parental education or ethnicity, but several values that youth endorsed varied by parental education. Controlling for parental education, there were significant differences in adolescents’ reports of familial and personal values in the three clusters. Scheffe tests revealed that the equality cluster endorsed less materialism than other clusters, more environmental responsibility than the individual rights cluster, and more social responsibility than the representative rule cluster. In contrast, the individual rights cluster was most likely to report that social vigilance was emphasized in their families.
Handwriting trajectory movements controlled by a Beta-elliptic model

This paper studies the dependence betweengeometry and kinematics in handwriting generationMovements. Based on a handwriting generationmodel developed earlier, movements parameters areextracted directly from on-line recording of velocityprofiles. These parameters, which reflect dynamicprocess, are found to be highly related to thegeometry of handwriting movements.The overall approach is based upon thehypothesis that complex human movements can besegmented into, basic and simple units. In otherwords, due to the intrinsic properties of theneuromuscular system involved in a rapid writingtask, there is a class of simple movements, hereaftercalled strokes. More complex movements are thusgenerated by the addition of the various strokesbelonging to such a class.