Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anxiety and depressive disorders in an emergency department ward of a general hospital: a control study

Objective: In this study anxiety and depressive disorders were evaluated in patients admitted to an emergency department (ED) or to a medical department (MD). Methods: The General Health Questionnaire-30 (GHQ-30) was administered to screen all patients (n = 719) consecutively admitted to an ED (n = 556) and to MD (n = 163) in a 120 day period. All GHQ-30 positive (score>4) underwent the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview, a structured interview to diagnose mental disorders according to DSM-IV criteria. Results: Subjects positive to GHQ-30 were 264 (47%) in ED and 88 (54%) in MD. A mental disorder was diagnosed in 233 ED patients (42%) and in 77 MD patients (47%) (p = 0.70). The most frequent disorders were anxiety disorders in ED patients (18.1%) and depressive disorders in MD patients (21%) (p = 0.04). Conclusions: Anxious patients more frequently seek attention at ED, whereas patients with depressive disorders are more often observed in medical units. The improvement of quality of care, the waste of healthcare resources through unnecessary medical care, and the well known efficacy of appropriate treatments in patients with anxiety and depressive disorders make the diagnosis of these patients particularly important.
A Whole Genome Association Study on Meat Palatability in Hanwoo

A whole genome association (WGA) study was carried out to find quantitative trait loci (QTL) for sensory evaluation traits in Hanwoo. Carcass samples of 250 Hanwoo steers were collected from National Agricultural Cooperative Livestock Research Institute, Ansung, Gyeonggi province, Korea, between 2011 and 2012 and genotyped with the Affymetrix Bovine Axiom Array 640K single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip. Among the SNPs in the chip, a total of 322,160 SNPs were chosen after quality control tests. After adjusting for the effects of age, slaughter-year-season, and polygenic effects using genome relationship matrix, the corrected phenotypes for the sensory evaluation measurements were regressed on each SNP using a simple linear regression additive based model. A total of 1,631 SNPs were detected for color, aroma, tenderness, juiciness and palatability at 0.1% comparison-wise level. Among the significant SNPs, the best set of 52 SNP markers were chosen using a forward regression procedure at 0.05 level, among which the sets of 8, 14, 11, 10, and 9 SNPs were determined for the respectively sensory evaluation traits. The sets of significant SNPs explained 18% to 31% of phenotypic variance. Three SNPs were pleiotropic, i.e. AX-26703353 and AX-26742891 that were located at 101 and 110 Mb of BTA6, respectively, influencing tenderness, juiciness and palatability, while AX-18624743 at 3 Mb of BTA10 affected tenderness and palatability. Our results suggest that some QTL for sensory measures are segregating in a Hanwoo steer population. Additional WGA studies on fatty acid and nutritional components as well as the sensory panels are in process to characterize genetic architecture of meat quality and palatability in Hanwoo.
Joining sandwich composite panels to tubes

This paper proposes a new joining by forming process for connecting metal–polymer sandwich composite panels to metallic tubes. The process involves forming an annular flange with rectangular cross-section by partial sheet-bulk of the tube wall thickness and performing the mechanical interlocking by upsetting the free tube end against the sandwich composite with a flaring punch. The presentation addresses the main process variables and workability limits, and the overall conclusions are supported by experimentation and finite element analysis. Results show that the new proposed joining by forming process has potential to be used in mass production contributing, therefore, to extend the application of metal–polymer sandwich composites to structural components.
Pixel-by-Pixel Spatiotemporal Progression of Focal Ischemia Derived Using Quantitative Perfusion and Diffusion Imaging

Pixel-by-pixel spatiotemporal progression of focal ischemia (permanent occlusion) in rats was investigated using quantitative perfusion and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging every 30 minutes for 3 hours. The normal left-hemisphere apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was 0.76 ± 0.03 × 10−3 mm2/s and CBF was 0.7 ± 0.3 mL · g−1 · min−1 (mean ± SD, n = 5). The ADC and CBF viability thresholds yielding the lesion volumes (LV) at 3 hours that best approximated the 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) infarct volumes (200 ± 30 mm2) at 24 hours were 0.53 ± 0.02 × 10−3 mm2/s (30% ± 2% reduction) and 0.30 ± 0.09 mL · g−1 · min−1 (57% ±11% reduction), respectively. Temporal evolution of the ADC- and CBF-defined LV showed a significant “perfusion-diffusion mismatch” up to 2 hours (P < 0.05, n = 11), a potential therapeutic window. Based on the viability thresholds, three pixel clusters were identified on the CBF-ADC scatterplots: (1) a “normal” cluster with normal CBF and ADC, (2) an “ischemic core” cluster with markedly reduced CBF and ADC, and (3) a “mismatch” cluster with reduced CBF but slightly reduced ADC. These clusters were color-coded and mapped onto the image and CBF-ADC spaces. Lesions grew peripheral and medial to the initial ADC abnormality. In contrast to the CBF distribution, the ADC distribution in the ischemic hemisphere was bimodal; the relatively time-invariant bimodal-ADC minima were 0.57 ± 0.02 × 10−3 mm2/s (corresponding CBF 0.35 ± 0.04 mL · g−1 · min−1), surprisingly similar to the TTC-derived thresholds. Together, these results illustrate an analysis approach to systemically track the pixel-by-pixel spatiotemporal progression of acute ischemic brain injury.
Stability field and thermal equation of state of ε-iron determined by synchrotron X-ray diffraction in a multianvil apparatus

In situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction measurements have been carried out on Fe using a “T cup” multianvil high-pressure apparatus up to 20 GPa and 1500 K. The stability field of the hexagonal phase (e-Fe) is characterized by the triple point of the body-centered cubic (bcc) (α), e, and face-centered cubic (fcc) (γ) phases, located at 8.0(±0.3) GPa and 680(±50) K with the slope of the phase boundary between the e and γ phases being 36±3 K GPa−1. Pressure-volume-temperature (P-V-T) data for the e-Fe enable us to extract thermal equation of state (EOS) parameters accurately. Least squares fit of a combination of our room temperature data with previous results using the diamond anvil cell (DAC) to the third-order Birch-Murnaghan EOS yields KT,0 = 135±19 GPa, K′T,0 = 6.0±0.4, and V0 = 22.7±0.3 A3, where KT,0, K′T,0 and V0 are zero-pressure isothermal bulk modulus, its pressure derivative, and zero-pressure volume, respectively. Volume data at high temperatures are fit with various high-temperature EOSs. A fit using the high-temperature Birch-Murnaghan EOS yields the temperature derivative of the bulk modulus (∂KT,0/∂T)P = −4.48 ±0.56 × 10−2 GPa K−1, with the zero-pressure thermal expansivity in the form αT,0 = a + bT − cT−2, where α = 3.98 ± 0.24 × 10−5 K−1, b = 5.07 ± 0.88 × 10−8 K−2, and c is nonresolvable from 0. The thermal pressure approach based on the Mie-Gruneisen-Debye theory gives (αT,0KT,0) and (∂2P/∂T2)v to be 6.88 ± 0.30 × 10−3 GPa K−1 and 4.63 ± 0.53 × 10−6 GPa K−2, respectively. The thermoelastic parameters obtained from various EOSs are mutually consistent. The edge lengths (a and c) for the e-Fe are also fit with the Mie-Gruneisen-Debye EOS based on fictitious volumes (a3 and c3, respectively) to obtain pressure and temperature dependence of c/a. Linear thermal expansivity for the c axis is slightly larger than that of the a axis while incompressibilities are similar. Thus pressure dependence of c/a at each temperature is quite similar, although absolute values of c/a become higher with increasing temperature. Below 20 GPa, no new phase between the e- and γ-Fe stability fields was observed, and no anomaly in the c/a ratio was detected. Under the assumption that e-Fe is stable at the corresponding P and T conditions of the Earth's inner core, the density of e-Fe is significantly higher than that of the Preliminary Reference Earth Model, indicating light element(s) must be present not only in the outer core but also in the inner core.
PTEN Redundancy: Overexpressing lpten, a Homolog of Dictyostelium discoideum ptenA, the Ortholog of Human PTEN, Rescues All Behavioral Defects of the Mutant ptenA−

Mutations in the tumor suppressor gene PTEN are associated with a significant proportion of human cancers. Because the human genome also contains several homologs of PTEN, we considered the hypothesis that if a homolog, functionally redundant with PTEN, can be overexpressed, it may rescue the defects of a PTEN mutant. We have performed an initial test of this hypothesis in the model system Dictyostelium discoideum, which contains an ortholog of human PTEN, ptenA. Deletion of ptenA results in defects in motility, chemotaxis, aggregation and multicellular morphogenesis. D. discoideum also contains lpten, a newly discovered homolog of ptenA. Overexpressing lpten completely rescues all developmental and behavioral defects of the D. discoideum mutant ptenA−. This hypothesis must now be tested in human cells.
A New Rheological Model of Magnetorheological Fluids for CFD: Comparison and Validation

Magnetorheological fluid is a special smart fluid which can show different rheological properties under different magnetic flux densities due to its magnetically sensitive structure. This makes the fluid able to be manipulated and semi-actively controlled for various applications such as dampers, clutches and brakes. To provide an effective damping it is necessary to create an appropriate control algorithm. In order to design a structure with magnetorheological fluid and to get an idea for a control approach, the physics of the fluid motion has to be modelled. Computational Fluid Dynamics is an effective tool to model any fluid behaviour or any fluid involved structure. For magnetorheological devices, despite number of numerical models available in the literature, a befitting model is not yet presented. In this study a mapped rheological model is proposed and used in a magnetorheological damper simulation. The results are compared with other models and experimental data. It is shown that the new mapped model is effective and better than old approaches. It also showed a good agreement with the experimental data.
Error-resilient and complexity-constrained distributed coding for large scale sensor networks

There has been considerable interest in distributed source coding within the compression and sensor network research communities in recent years, primarily due to its potential contributions to low-power sensor networks. However, two major obstacles pose an existential threat on practical deployment of such techniques in real world sensor networks, namely, the exponential growth of decoding complexity with network size and coding rates, and the critical requirement for error-resilience given the severe channel conditions in many wireless sensor networks. Motivated by these chal-lenges, this paper proposes a novel, unified approach for large scale, error-resilient distributed source coding, based on an optimally designed classifier-based decoding frame-work, where the design explicitly controls the decoding com-plexity. We also present a deterministic annealing (DA) based global optimization algorithm for the design due to the highly non-convex nature of the cost function, which further enhances the performance over basic greedy iterative descent technique. Simulation results on data, both synthetic and from real sensor networks, provide strong evidence that the approach opens the door to practical deployment of distributed coding in large sensor networks. It not only yields substantial gains in terms of overall distortion, compared to other state-of-the-art techniques, but also demonstrates how its decoder naturally scales to large networks while constraining the complexity, thereby enabling performance gains that increase with network size.
The cleavage preference of the proteasome governs the yield of antigenic peptides

Proteasomes degrade endogenous proteins in the cytosol. The potential contribution of the proteasome to the effect of flanking sequences on the presentation of an antigenic epitope presented by the major histocompatibility complex class I allele Ld was studied. Peptides generated in cells from minigenes coding for peptides of 17- and 19- amino acid length were compared with the in vitro 20S proteasome degradation products of the respective synthetic peptides. The quality of generated peptides was independent of ubiquitination. In vivo and in vitro processing products were indistinguishable with respect to peptide size and abundance. Altering the neighboring sequence substantially improved the yield of the final antigenic nonapeptide by 20S proteasome cleavage. These results suggest that, in addition to the presence of major histocompatibility complex class I allelic motifs, the cleavage preference of the proteasome can define the antigenic potential of a protein.
Reactive arthritis

Reactive arthritis (ReA) was known as Reiter's disease or Fiessinger–Leroy disease for nearly 100 years. However, during the past 30 years the disease has been known as reactive arthritis, a member of the spondyloarthritis family. Despite knowing the initiating event (infection) and genetic constitution (many patients have HLA‐B27) of ReA, a model of interplay between environment and genetics, its pathogenesis is still incompletely known. This review covers the epidemiology, clinical features, treatment, and prognosis of ReA.
CASSON-TYPE INVARIANTS IN DIMENSION FOUR

This article surveys our ongoing project about the relationship between invariants extending the classical Rohlin invariant of homology spheres and those coming from 4–dimensional (Yang-Mills) gauge theory; it will appear in the Proceedings of the Fields-McMaster Conference on Geometry and Topology of Manifolds. We are mainly concerned with a special class of manifolds for which the two types of invariants are defined and can be compared. This class contains, in particular, manifolds having the homology of S 1 × S 3 . Rohlin’s theorem about the signature of closed smooth spin 4–manifolds gives rise to a mod–2 invariant of a homology S 1 × S 3 . On the gauge theoretic side, the invariant is obtained by counting flat connections on appropriate bundles. This count is inspired by Donaldson’s [13] count of anti-self-dual connections on SU(2) bundles; its flat analogue was first studied by Furuta and Ohta [21]. The main conjecture towards which this project is directed is that the Rohlin invariant and the gauge theoretic invariant coincide for homology S 1 × S 3 . The model for the whole discussion is Casson’s beautiful theorem relating his invariant (in its gauge theoretic manifestation as described by Taubes [48]) and Rohlin’s invariant of homology 3–spheres. We will discuss the implications of this conjecture for some classical problems in low-dimensional topology, and progress we have made towards proving the conjecture. This progress includes the verification of the conjecture in some special cases, a ‘surgery’ program for approaching the conjecture by expanding its scope to include a wider category of manifolds, and the verification of this expanded conjecture for homology 4–tori. Much of this material is contained in our three papers [36, 37, 38] but we have included a broader overview as well as some additional examples. Acknowledgments. We would like to thank Scott Baldridge for pointing out the manifolds described in Section 8, and Liviu Nicolaescu for his input on computing orientations of flat moduli spaces over these manifolds. We also
In-situ evaluation of design parameters and procedures for cementitiously treated weak subgrades using cyclic plate load tests : project capsule.

Due to the soft nature of subsurface soils in Louisiana, roads are often constructed over very weak subgrade soils that do not have sufficient strength to support the construction/traffic loads, which pose a significant challenge for construction of highway projects. To solve this challenge, cementitious additives such as cement, lime, fly ash, cement kiln dust, and slag—alone or in combination—can be used to treat/stabilize these soils to improve their engineering properties (such as strength and stiffness), thus providing the needed support for pavement construction. Cementitious material can be used to treat soils to either provide a working platform for the construction of pavement shortly after mixing or enhance the strength and stiffness of soils in the long-term. The former is referred to as soil modification/treatment, while the latter is referred to as soil stabilization.
A METHOD OF TRACEABILITY FOR A FPG8601 FORCE BALANCED PISTON GAUGE TO DEFINE PRESSURES IN THE RANGE FROM 1 PA TO 15 KPA IN GAUGE AND ABSOLUTE MEASUREMENT MODES

The FPG8601 has become an important reference for many primary measurement laboratories in a pressure range from approximately 1 Pa to 15 kPa in both gauge and absolute measurement modes. The FPG8601 measurement range spans the gap between the traditional measurement regimes of 'pressure' and 'vacuum', a range where other primary pressure standards either do not exist or do not have uncertainties sufficient to support the FPG8601 traceability. The limitations of available primary standards create a challenge for FPG8601 users needing to define traceability in this range. This paper suggests a method of maintaining traceability using force, dimensional and primary pressure measurements in a manner different from that normally used for traditional 'floating' piston gauges.
Localization of Wireless Capsule Endoscope: A Systematic Review

Wireless capsule endoscope (WCE) is a notable invention introduced in the biomedical industry. It involves swallowing a small disposable video capsule that takes photographic images as it passes through the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. WCE allows physicians to visualize and diagnose disorders covering the full length of the GI tract. Although WCE can provide useful images of the internal GI tract, the identification of the exact location of the detected disease remains unclear. Location information is very crucial for the subsequent treatment of the detected disease either through surgery or through local drug delivery. The huge potential of WCE in future endoscopic practice relies on the successful tracking of the wireless capsule. This paper presents a comprehensive systematic review on the recent developments in WCE localization techniques that have been reported in credible sources, namely, IEEE Xplore, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Springer Link, and Google Scholar. Detailed analysis and systematic comparison are provided to highlight the achievement and future direction of WCE localization. This paper can be a valuable source of reference and guidance for future research in this field.
Sample‐size formula for clustered survival data using weighted log‐rank statistics

We present a simple sample-size formula for weighted log-rank statistics applied to clustered survival data with variable cluster sizes and arbitrary treatment assignments within clusters. This formula is based on the asymptotic normality of weighted log-rank statistics under certain local alternatives in the clustered data context. We also provide consistent variance estimators. The derived sample-size formula reduces to Schoenfeld's (1983) formula for cases of no clustering or independence within clusters. Simulation results verify control of the Type I error and accuracy of the sample-size formula. Use of the sample-size formula in an event-driven clinical trial design is illustrated using data from the Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study. Copyright Biometrika Trust 2004, Oxford University Press.
Structure refinement of protein model decoys requires accurate side‐chain placement

In this study, the application of temperature‐based replica‐exchange (T‐ReX) simulations for structure refinement of decoys taken from the I‐TASSER dataset was examined. A set of eight nonredundant proteins was investigated using self‐guided Langevin dynamics (SGLD) with a generalized Born implicit solvent model to sample conformational space. For two of the protein test cases, a comparison of the SGLD/T‐ReX method with that of a hybrid explicit/implicit solvent molecular dynamics T‐ReX simulation model is provided. Additionally, the effect of side‐chain placement among the starting decoy structures, using alternative rotamer conformations taken from the SCWRL4 modeling program, was investigated. The simulation results showed that, despite having near‐native backbone conformations among the starting decoys, the determinant of their refinement is side‐chain packing to a level that satisfies a minimum threshold of native contacts to allow efficient excursions toward the downhill refinement regime on the energy landscape. By repacking using SCWRL4 and by applying the RWplus statistical potential for structure identification, the SGLD/T‐ReX simulations achieved refinement to an average of 38% increase in the number of native contacts relative to the original I‐TASSER decoy sets and a 25% reduction in values of Cα root‐mean‐square deviation. The hybrid model succeeded in obtaining a sharper funnel to low‐energy states for a modeled target than the implicit solvent SGLD model; yet, structure identification remained roughly the same. Without meeting a threshold of near‐native packing of side chains, the T‐ReX simulations degrade the accuracy of the decoys, and subsequently, refinement becomes tantamount to the protein folding problem. Proteins 2013. 2012 Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Data Fusion for Multi-Sensor Nondestructive Detection of Surface Cracks in Ferromagnetic Materials

Fatigue cracking is a dangerous and cost-intensive phenomenon that requires early detection. But at high test sensitivity, the abundance of false indications limits the reliability of conventional materials testing. This thesis exploits the diversity of physical principles that different nondestructive surface inspection methods offer, by applying data fusion techniques to increase the reliability of defect detection. The first main contribution are novel approaches for the fusion of NDT images. These surface scans are obtained from state-of-the-art inspection procedures in Eddy Current Testing, Thermal Testing and Magnetic Flux Leakage Testing. The implemented image fusion strategy demonstrates that simple algebraic fusion rules are sufficient for high performance, given adequate signal normalization. Data fusion reduces the rate of false positives is reduced by a factor of six over the best individual sensor at a 10 μm deep groove. Moreover, the utility of state-of-the-art image representations, like the Shearlet domain, are explored. However, the theoretical advantages of such directional transforms are not attained in practice with the given data. Nevertheless, the benefit of fusion over single-sensor inspection is confirmed a second time. Furthermore, this work proposes novel techniques for fusion at a high level of signal abstraction. A kernel-based approach is introduced to integrate spatially scattered detection hypotheses. This method explicitly deals with registration errors that are unavoidable in practice. Surface discontinuities as shallow as 30 μm are reliably found by fusion, whereas the best individual sensor requires depths of 40–50 μm for successful detection. The experiment is replicated on a similar second test specimen. Practical guidelines are given at the end of the thesis, and the need for a data sharing initiative is stressed to promote future research on this topic.