Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nurses' attitudes toward impaired colleagues.

This study describes the attitudes of Oregon nurses toward substance abuse, substance abusers in general and impaired nurses in particular. Questionnaires were mailed to 500 randomly selected nurses, and 396 replied. Overall, nurses' attitudes, as measured by Chappel's Substance Abuse Attitude Survey (SAAS), were positive, as were their attitudes toward impaired colleagues. Regarding alcohol-impaired nurses, 77 percent of the respondents were willing to confront them, 67 percent favored their return to practice and 85 percent would accept them as co-workers if hired. Corresponding percentages for drug-impaired colleagues were 76 percent, 54 percent, and 73 percent. Nurses less approving of treatment interventions, more optimistic about treatment, employed for fewer years and with a baccalaureate or higher degree were more positive and supportive of impaired nurses than were their counterparts.
The effects of postharvest treatments of salicylic acid and potassium permanganate on the storage of kiwifruit.

BAL, E. and S. CELIK, 2010. The effects of postharvest treatments of salicylic acid and potassium permanganate on the storage of kiwifruit. Bulg. J. Agric. Sci., 16: 576-584 Kiwifruit (Actinidia deliciosa cv. Hayward) was used to investigate the effects of salicylic acid (0.5 mM, 1 mM) and potassium permanganate treatments on fruit quality and storage life during storage for two years. After treatments, kiwifruits were stored in MAP at 0°C with 85-95% RH for 200 days. At certain intervals, samples were collected from each treatment for physical and chemical analysis (e.g. flesh firmness, total soluble solids, titratable acid, total chlorophyll content, ascorbic acid content, reduction sugar content and degustation test). Salicylic acid treatment has been found to delay the ripening of kiwifruits. In salicylic acid and salicylic acid with potassium permanganate treated fruits, fruit softening, titratable acids, total chlorophyll concentration, ascorbic acid content decreased and total soluble solid, reducing sugar content and degustation test score increased slowly than control fruits during storage. Control fruits decreased faster than other treatments. At end of the 200 days in both years, in these treatments were also found moderate (marketable) in taste assessment.
Prevalence and survival of Aeromonas spp. in foods - a review

SUMMARY Aeromonas spp. is causing a broad spectrum of human and animal illnesses. Aeromonas hydrophila is the agent of haemorrhagic septicaemia in cyprinids, whereas Aeromonas salmonicida – of furunculosis in salmonids. About 85% of gastrointestinal disorders in humans are attributed to Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae and Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria. Other human pathogens are Aeromonas veronii biovar veronii, Aeromonas jandaei and Aeromonas schubertii, which are known to cause wound infections, meningitis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis, endocarditis, peritonitis, urinary tract and ocular infections. Aeromonas spp. is isolated from hydrobionts, meat, meat products, milk, dairy products and vegetables at densities of 10 2 to 10 5 cfu/g. A substantial risk is posed by the ability of microorganisms of genus Aeromonas to grow in foods stored in refrigerator. That is why the research is focused on the influence of temperature, pH, the content of salt, nitrites, phosphates, organic acids and modified atmosphere on their resistance and pathogenicity.
Genome Structure of the Legume, Lotus japonicus

The legume Lotus japonicus has been widely used as a model system to investigate the genetic background of legume-specific phenomena such as symbiotic nitrogen fixation. Here, we report structural features of the L. japonicus genome. The 315.1-Mb sequences determined in this and previous studies correspond to 67% of the genome (472 Mb), and are likely to cover 91.3% of the gene space. Linkage mapping anchored 130-Mb sequences onto the six linkage groups. A total of 10 951 complete and 19 848 partial structures of protein-encoding genes were assigned to the genome. Comparative analysis of these genes revealed the expansion of several functional domains and gene families that are characteristic of L. japonicus. Synteny analysis detected traces of whole-genome duplication and the presence of synteny blocks with other plant genomes to various degrees. This study provides the first opportunity to look into the complex and unique genetic system of legumes.
A 128$\,\times$ 128 1.5% Contrast Sensitivity 0.9% FPN 3 µs Latency 4 mW Asynchronous Frame-Free Dynamic Vision Sensor Using Transimpedance Preamplifiers

Dynamic Vision Sensors (DVS) have recently appeared as a new paradigm for vision sensing and processing. They feature unique characteristics such as contrast coding under wide illumination variation, micro-second latency response to fast stimuli, and low output data rates (which greatly improves the efficiency of post-processing stages). They can track extremely fast objects (e.g., time resolution is better than 100 kFrames/s video) without special lighting conditions. Their availability has triggered a new range of vision applications in the fields of surveillance, motion analyses, robotics, and microscopic dynamic observations. One key DVS feature is contrast sensitivity, which has so far been reported to be in the 10-15% range. In this paper, a novel pixel photo sensing and transimpedance pre-amplification stage makes it possible to improve by one order of magnitude contrast sensitivity (down to 1.5%) and power (down to 4 mW), reduce the best reported FPN (Fixed Pattern Noise) by a factor of 2 (down to 0.9%), while maintaining the shortest reported latency (3 μs) and good Dynamic Range (120 dB), and further reducing overall area (down to 30 × 31 μm per pixel). The only penalty is the limitation of intrascene Dynamic Range to 3 decades. A 128 × 128 DVS test prototype has been fabricated in standard 0.35 μm CMOS and extensive experimental characterization results are provided.
RTDs in Australia: expensive designer drinks or cheap rocket fuel?

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS The ready-to-drink (RTD) market is growing rapidly, and this product category has been shown to be particularly appealing to young drinkers. The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the range and availability of RTDs available in New South Wales (NSW) (including metropolitan, regional and rural areas), with a particular focus on the variations in alcohol content and pricing. DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 52 alcohol outlet audits were conducted across nine locations, including metropolitan, regional and rural New South Wales. Trained auditors recorded the RTDs for sale in each outlet, including product characteristics and prices for each product, and overall fridge/store space allocated to RTDs. RESULTS Across the 52 bottle shops audited, 150 individual RTD alcohol products were identified, ranging from 4.8% to 7.5% alcohol by volume and from 1.0 to 2.7 standard drinks (SD) per unit. When purchased in multipacks (typically four or six units), the cost per SD ranged from $1.95 to $3.70, decreasing to as low as $1.22 per SD when on special. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The proliferation of high-strength RTDs and the substantial discounting of multipack purchases means that RTDs can no longer be seen as expensive low-strength sweet-flavoured drinks targeted at female drinkers, but as a broader product category that includes high-strength male-targeted brands. There is a need for further research to examine young people's preferences for these different product types; and consideration of policies, alongside price-based interventions, that address broader marketing strategies.
Hall Sensors for Extreme Temperatures

We report on the preparation of the first complete extreme temperature Hall sensor. This means that the extreme-temperature magnetic sensitive semiconductor structure is built-in an extreme-temperature package especially designed for that purpose. The working temperature range of the sensor extends from −270 °C to +300 °C. The extreme-temperature Hall-sensor active element is a heavily n-doped InSb layer epitaxially grown on GaAs. The magnetic sensitivity of the sensor is ca. 100 mV/T and its temperature coefficient is less than 0.04 %/K. This sensor may find applications in the car, aircraft, spacecraft, military and oil and gas industries.
MITOCHONDRIAL DNA DIVERSITY, POPULATION STRUCTURE, AND GENDER ASSOCIATION IN THE GYNODIOECIOUS PLANT SILENE VULGARIS

Abstract A highly variable mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) locus is used to assess the population structure of mitochondrial genomes in the gynodioecious plant Silene vulgaris at two spatial scales. Thirteen mtDNA haplotypes were identified within 250 individuals from 18 populations in a 20-km diameter region of western Virginia. The population structure of these mtDNA haplotypes was estimated as θST = 0.574 (± 0.066 SE) and, surprisingly, genetic differentiation among populations was negatively correlated with geographic distance (Mantel r = −0.246, P < 0.002). Additionally, mtDNA haplotypes were spatially clumped at the scale of meters within one population. Gender in S. vulgaris is determined by an interaction between autosomal male fertility restorers and cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) factors, and seed fitness is affected by an interaction between gender and population sex ratio; thus, selection acting on gender could influence the distribution of mtDNA RFLP haplotypes. The sex ratio (females:hermaphrodites) varied among mtDNA haplotypes across the entire metapopulation, possibly because the haplotypes were in linkage disequilibrium with different CMS factors. The gender associated with some of the most common haplotypes varied among populations, suggesting that there is also population structure in male fertility restorer genes. In comparison with reports of mtDNA variation from other published studies, we found that S. vulgaris exhibits a large number of mtDNA haplotypes relative to that observed in other species. Corresponding Editor: M. Morgan
Neuronal Adaptation for Sampling-Based Probabilistic Inference in Perceptual Bistability

It has been argued that perceptual multistability reflects probabilistic inference performed by the brain when sensory input is ambiguous. Alternatively, more traditional explanations of multistability refer to low-level mechanisms such as neuronal adaptation. We employ a Deep Boltzmann Machine (DBM) model of cortical processing to demonstrate that these two different approaches can be combined in the same framework. Based on recent developments in machine learning, we show how neuronal adaptation can be understood as a mechanism that improves probabilistic, sampling-based inference. Using the ambiguous Necker cube image, we analyze the perceptual switching exhibited by the model. We also examine the influence of spatial attention, and explore how binocular rivalry can be modeled with the same approach. Our work joins earlier studies in demonstrating how the principles underlying DBMs relate to cortical processing, and offers novel perspectives on the neural implementation of approximate probabilistic inference in the brain.
Pain and other symptom severity in women with fibromyalgia and a previous hysterectomy

Objective Fibromyalgia is a troubling disease characterized by chronic pain. This study explored whether pain and other fibromyalgia symptoms are worse among women who had undergone a hysterectomy with or without an oophorectomy versus those who had not. Methods Consecutive women who were seen at the Fibromyalgia Treatment Program at a tertiary medical center between 2001 and 2004 and who completed the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) and Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) at initial evaluation were included in this study. Results A total of 813 women were included; 328 had had a hysterectomy. Total FIQ scores from women who had had a hysterectomy were higher (worse symptoms) than those who had not (58.1 vs 56.4, P = 0.002). FIQ subscale scores of pain (P = 0.003), fatigue (P = 0.030), stiffness (P = 0.035), and depression (P = 0.008) were also worse in women who had had a hysterectomy. Similar to the FIQ, SF-36 physical component scores were worse in women who had had a hysterectomy (P = 0.045). Conclusion Pain and other fibromyalgia symptom severity was worse in women who had had a hysterectomy with or without an oophorectomy.
Heritability of morphological traits in Darwin’s Finches: misidentified paternity and maternal effects

We studied the influence of extra-pair paternity on heritability estimates of morphological traits in a population of the Medium Ground Finch (Geospiza fortis) on Isla Daphne Major, Galápagos. Data from eight microsatellite loci were used to determine parentage. Six morphological traits measured on each finch were represented by two separate principal components analyses, one for the three bill measurements and one for the body size measurements. Heritabilities were calculated using weighted regressions of offspring on their parents and also offspring on their grandparents. We found that 20% of all offspring were extra-pair young but all offspring matched their mothers. Heritabilities derived from midparent–offspring regressions were all high and significantly different from zero. Removing all extra-pair young from the data set increased father–offspring regressions by an average of 21%, but mother–offspring resemblance still exceeded father–offspring resemblance by up to 42%. These results and grandparent–offspring regressions provide evidence for maternal effects, comparable in magnitude to those reported in other studies of wild birds.
Role of Thrombophilia in Adverse Obstetric Outcomes and Their Prevention Using Antithrombotic Therapy

A series of case-control studies in the last decade have shown the role of inherited thrombophilia in the occurrence of adverse obstetric outcomes. In small series of cases, it has been proven that rare inherited causes of thrombophilia such as natural anticoagulant deficiencies can be associated with fetal losses. The confirmed presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in plasma, representing an acquired thrombophilic condition, is also an established cause of fetal losses, although other studies with a smaller sample size have found an association with other obstetric complications, namely preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and abruption placentae. Case-control studies have been performed regarding the potential association between unexplained fetal losses and mild hyperhomocysteinemia. Although case-control and prospective studies are also available regarding hyperhomocysteinemia and other gestational vascular complications, published data are conflicting. Intervention studies have been performed to prevent adverse obstetric outcomes in women with inherited or acquired thrombophilia and previous adverse outcomes. There is much debate in the literature regarding the need for treatment of women with thrombophilia during pregnancy. Although in most cases these are not randomized controlled trials, all studies found significantly better outcomes in treated pregnancies compared with those of untreated pregnancies.
Histologic evaluation of ophthalmoscopically subvisible retinal laser exposures.

Four exposures of rhesus monkey macula to helium-neon (He-Ne) laser irradiation of 6.4 mw. at 100 msec, produced no ophthalmoscopically visible lesions; however, microscopic lesions were detected. Of the four exposures, one produced a small burn, another had no detectable effect, and the two remaining exposures produced identical lesions consisting only of vesicular cytoplasmic swelling and depigmentation of tioo contiguous retinal pigment epithelial cells. The variation in effect of the irradiation is attributed to inhomogeneity of pigment granule distribution in the pigment epithelium. The exposures in this experiment were approximately 40 per cent below the median effective dose for minimal ophthalmoscopically visible change.
When you can't Get There: Using Video Self-Monitoring as a Tool for Changing the Behaviors of Pre-Service Teachers

Supervisors are sometimes assigned to pre-service teachers who are placed in far-away schools, often in rural districts. It can be difficult or impossible for supervisors to observe these teachers enough, or perhaps at all, because of the distance. This article describes a single-subject case study that was conducted with two pre-service teachers in which they used video self-monitoring with guidance from their university supervisor to change a teaching behavior. Results showed that the process was effective in changing the behavior of pre-service teachers. We discuss the implications for supervisors and professional development intervention.
The Effect of Tempo on Prosodic Structure

This study investigates the effect of tempo on prosodic structuring at both temporal and melodic levels. Readings of a German text are examined to ascertain to what extent changes in pausing, prosodic phrasing, pitch accent structure and F0 realisations contribute towards strategies for speaking at a faster or slower speed than normal. Furthermore, speeding up strategies are compared to those for slowing down, to investigate how far the speakers' behaviour is symmetrical with respect to each of the parameters examined.
An analytic model for the epoch of halo creation

In this paper we describe the Bayesian link between the cosmological mass function and the distribution of times at which isolated haloes of a given mass exist. By assuming that clumps of dark matter undergo monotonic growth on the time-scales of interest, this distribution of times is also the distribution of ‘creation’ times of the haloes. This monotonic growth is an inevitable aspect of gravitational instability. The spherical top-hat collapse model is used to estimate the rate at which clumps of dark matter collapse. This gives the prior for the creation time given no information about halo mass. Applying Bayes’ theorem then allows any mass function to be converted into a distribution of times at which haloes of a given mass are created. This general result covers both Gaussian and non-Gaussian models. We also demonstrate how the mass function and the creation time distribution can be combined to give a joint density function, and discuss the relation between the time distribution of major merger events and the formula calculated. Finally, we determine the creation time of haloes within three N-body simulations, and compare the link between the mass function and creation rate with the analytic theory.
False positivity in HER2 testing of breast cancer: novel paths for approaching an old dilemma

Aims Variability in determining HER2 status has been reported, especially, differences in sensitivity and specificity among commercially available antibodies, with false positive and false negative results. We compared the sensitivity and specificity of five anti-HER2 antibodies by immunohistochemistry (IHC), using the new dual colour brightfield in situ hybridisation (DDISH) as the gold standard, on invasive breast carcinomas (IBC) arrays. Material and methods Serial sections from tissue microarrays (TMA) containing 200 preselected primary IBC were submitted to DDISH (VENTANA INFORM HER2 Dual ISH assay), and immunohistochemistry, using Dako A0485 and HercepTest (polyclonal), Novocastra CB11 (mouse monoclonal), NeoMarkers SP3 and Ventana 4B5 (rabbit monoclonal). Results From the initial 200 cases, 184 were assessed by DDISH and IHC. The concordance among the antibodies was considered very good (kappa statistics varied from 0.82 to 0.9). The overall concordance between IHC and DDISH ranged from 94.1% for CB11 to 96.6% for A0485. The antibodies A0485, HercepTest, SP3 and 4B5 were over 95% sensitive and specific. CB11 was the most specific antibody (97.1%). 60% (CB11) to 83.3% (SP3) of the 2+ cases showed no gene amplification by DDISH. False negative cases varied from 0.5% (A0485) to 3.8% (CB11) of the cases, and false positive from 1.6% (CB11) to 2.7% (HercepTest, SP3 and 4B5) of the 184 cases. Conclusions There was very good agreement among the five anti-HER2 antibodies. CB11 was the most specific antibody, but showed more false negative cases. A0485, SP3, 4B5 and HercepTest were highly sensitive and specific, but showed more false positive cases.
[Prevalence of nursing diagnosis of fluid volume excess in patients undergoing hemodialysis].

OBJECTIVE To identify the prevalence of nursing diagnosis of fluid volume excess and their defining characteristics in hemodialysis patients and the association between them. METHOD Cross-sectional study conducted in two steps. We interviewed 100 patients between the months of December 2012 and April 2013 in a teaching hospital and one hemodialysis clinic. The inference was performed by diagnostician nurses between July and September 2013. RESULTS The diagnostic studied was identified in 82% of patients. The characteristics that were statistically associated: bounding pulses, pulmonary congestion, jugular vein distention, edema, change in electrolytes, weight gain, intake greater than output and abnormal breath sounds. Among these, edema and weight gain had the highest chances for the development of this diagnostic. CONCLUSION The analyzed diagnostic is prevalent in this population and eight characteristics presented significant association.
The effects of midazolam followed by administration of either vecuronium or atracurium on the QT interval in humans.

Prolongation of the QT interval may produce potentially hazardous dysrhythmias. The effects on the QT interval of midazolam followed by administration of either vecuronium or atracurium have been investigated. Thirty patients, ASA I or II, without cardiovascular problems, electrolyte abnormalities or receiving any medication were studied. All patients were premedicated with midazolam 0.08 mg kg-1 i.m. 30-60 min before surgery. Anaesthesia was induced with midazolam 0.4 mg kg-1. ECG recordings as well as heart rate and arterial pressure measurements were obtained before induction of anaesthesia and 1, 3 and 5 min after midazolam administration. Further recordings were obtained at 1, 3 and 5 min after either vecuronium 0.1 mg kg-1 (15 patients) or atracurium 0.5 mg kg-1 (15 patients). Further recordings were obtained immediately after tracheal intubation and at 1, 3 and 5 min later. Midazolam followed by administration of either vecuronium or atracurium did not produce any significant change in QTc interval (QT interval corrected for heart rate). Statistically significant prolongation of QTc was observed in both groups after intubation, although the mean QTc values did not exceed the upper limits of normal. Heart rate and arterial pressure were also increased significantly in both groups after intubation.