Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A method to estimate the lateral tire force and the sideslip angle of a vehicle: Experimental validation

The motion of a vehicle is governed by the forces generated between the tires and the road. Knowledge of these dynamic variables is important for vehicle control systems that aim to enhance vehicle stability and passenger safety. Unfortunately, it is difficult to obtain these data because of technical and economic reasons, therefore, they must be estimated. This study introduces a new estimation process for lateral tire/road forces and vehicle's sideslip angle. The proposed method presents many benefits over the existing state-of-art works, within the dynamic estimation framework. One of these major contributions consists of evaluating the lateral tire forces at each tire and not per axle. The proposed estimation method is derived from the Extended Kalman filter and is based on the dynamic response of a vehicle instrumented with potentially integrable sensors. The performance of this concept is tested and compared to real experimental data using a laboratory car. Experimental results show that the proposed approach is a promising technique to provide accurate estimations of vehicle dynamic states.
Increased frequency of IFN-gamma-producing peripheral CD8+ T cells with memory-phenotype in patients with chronic hepatitis C.

To identify the capacity for cytokine production and the phenotypic characteristics of peripheral CD8(+) T cells in patients with chronic hepatitis C, 31 patients with chronic hepatitis C and 22 healthy controls were studied at the single cell level by three-color flow cytometry. Whole blood was stained with surface CD8, intracellular interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), and interleukin-4 (IL-4), surface CD8, CD28, and intracellular IFN-gamma after stimulation with PMA plus ionomycin, and then surface CD8, CD45RA, and CD28. IFN-gamma-producing peripheral CD8(+) T cells were found frequently in patients than in controls (P < 0.05), whereas IL-4-producing peripheral CD8(+) T cells were not. Although the frequency of peripheral CD28(+)CD8(+) and CD28(-)CD8(+) T cells in patients was not different from that of controls, CD28(+)CD8(+) T cells exceeded CD28(-)CD8(+) T cells in the capacity for IFN-gamma-production after mitogenic stimulation (P < 0.01). In a more detailed analysis of the CD28(+)CD8(+) T cells, CD45RA(-)CD28(+)CD8(+) T cells, defined phenotypically as memory cells, were found frequently in patients than in controls (P < 0.05). There were no significant correlations between the frequency of IFN-gamma-producing peripheral CD8(+) T cells and hepatitis C virus RNA level or serum alanine aminotransferase level in patients. These data suggest that functionally T cytotoxic type 1 and memory CD8(+) T cells are predominant in the peripheral blood of chronic hepatitis C patients and that such activated CD8(+) T cells are associated with liver damage.
Lack of Relationship Between Occupational Workload and Microscopic Alterations in Lumbar Intervertebral Disc Disease

Objectives : The study investigated the impact of occupational workloads on disc surgery specimens. We report the relationship between workload and histological features. Methods : Specimens were collected prospectively from patients suffering from lumbar disc prolapse (n=90) or spinal osteochondrosis (n=19). Histomorphology and occupational workload data and histomorphological features were evaluated. Occupational data were collected in a structured, standardized patient interview assessing lifting and carrying loads. In this way the exposure was assessed for each test subject's entire working life up to surgery. Results : There was no association between cumulative workload and histological patterns. In a subgroup of patients with a workload period of 12 months prior to surgery a relevant formation of chondrocyte clusters (p=0.055) was apparent. Chondrocyte cluster formation was found in 83% (n=74) of the prolapse patients and in 58% (n=11) of the osteochondrosis patients (p=0.02). Fibrocyte mediated scar formation was found in 55% of the prolapse patients and in 45% of the spinal stenosis patients. Chondrocyte clusters and their de novo collagen matrix did not integrate biomechanically sufficient with collagen fibers of the disc. Disintegration of clusters from disc matrix and formation of intra-discal sequesters were observed. Conclusion : Matrix degeneration was common but displayed no relationship to occupational workload or other histological features. Scar formation was observed in every second specimen. Regenerative chondrocyte cluster proliferation was a common feature in disc specimens and tended to be associated in patients with a workload one year before surgery.
Declarative Data Cleaning: Language, Model, and Algorithms

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Intercepting maneuvering target with specified impact angle by modified SDRE technique

A guidance law derived by modifying state dependent Riccati equation technique, to enable the imposition of a predetermined terminal intercept angle to a maneuvering target, is presented in this paper. The interceptor is assumed to have no knowledge about the type of maneuver the target is executing. The problem is cast in a non-cooperative game theoretic form. The guidance law obtained is dependent on the LOS angular rotational rate and on the impact angle error. Theoretical conditions which guarantee existence of solutions under this method have been derived. It is shown that imposing the impact angle constraint calls for an increase in the gains of the guidance law considerably, subsequently requiring a higher maneuverability advantage of the interceptor. The performance of the proposed guidance law is studied using a non-linear two dimensional simulation of the relative kinematics, assuming first order dynamics for the interceptor and target.
Iranian dietary patterns and risk of colorectal cancer.

BACKGROUND Role of diet on colorectal cancer (CRC) has been considered in terms of single foods and nutrients, but less frequently in terms of dietary patterns in Iran. The objective of this study was to determine the association between Iranian dietary patterns and CRC. METHODS This case-control study was conducted in four hospitals in Tabriz City of Iran including 414 participants aged 35-75 years:207 cases with CRC confirmed by pathology and colonoscopy findings were selected and 207 controls free of neoplastic conditions and diet-related chronic diseases (from the same hospital at the same period for the cases). Dietary data were assessed using a 123-item semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Two dietary patterns were found by using of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) method;"Healthy pattern"and "Iranian pattern". Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (OR) for relationship between dietary patterns and colorectal cancer. RESULTS After adjusting for confounding factors, the Iranian dietary pattern was significantly associated with an increased odds of colorectal cancer (OR= 1.46; 95% Confidenec Interval (CI)=1.05-2.19) while a reduced odds of colorectal cancer was observed with the Healthy dietary pattern (OR=0.18; 95% CI= 0.091-0.47). CONCLUSION Iranian dietary pattern (IDP) seems to increase the odds of colorectal cancer and protective effect of Healthy dietary pattern.
Robot arm manipulation using depth-sensing cameras and inverse kinematics

In this work we propose a new technique to manipulate a robotic arm which uses a depth camera to capture the user input and inverse kinematics to define the motion of the robotic arm. The presented technique is inexpensive to implement and easier to learn as compared to the current methods. Along with the easier manipulation of the robotic arm, the presented approach also adds some simple speech and gesture commands to control the end-effector which makes the interaction more intuitive.
Effect of intravenous parecoxib on post-craniotomy pain.

BACKGROUND Pain management in craniotomy patients is challenging, with mild-to-moderate pain intensity, moderate-to-high risk of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV), and potentially catastrophic consequences of analgesic-related side-effects. The aim of this study was to determine whether i.v. parecoxib administered at dural closure during craniotomy decreased total morphine consumption and morphine-related side-effects compared with placebo. METHODS One hundred adult patients presenting for supratentorial craniotomy under propofol/remifentanil anaesthesia were randomized to receive parecoxib, 40 mg i.v. , or placebo in a double-blind manner. All patients received local anaesthetic scalp infiltration, regular i.v. paracetamol, nurse-administered morphine in the post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) until verbal analogue pain scores were ≤4/10 and patient-controlled morphine thereafter. Morphine consumption, pain intensity, and analgesia-related side-effects were recorded during the first 24 h after operation. RESULTS Ninety-six patients (49 control and 47 parecoxib) were included in the analyses. Fifty-nine (61%) patients received morphine in the PACU and only one patient (control) did not receive any morphine in the postoperative period. There were no significant differences between the two groups in morphine consumption [20 (range: 0-102) vs 16 (range: 1-92) mg; P=0.38], pain intensity [excellent/very good pain relief in 78% of parecoxib patients; 74% of control patients (P=0.72)] or analgesia-related side-effects (PONV in 51% of parecoxib patients; 56% of control patients; P=0.55) in the first 24 h after operation. No major morbidity was recorded. CONCLUSIONS Our study demonstrated no clinical benefit to adding i.v. parecoxib to local anaesthetic scalp infiltration, i.v. paracetamol, and patient-controlled i.v. morphine after supratentorial craniotomy.
An Evaluation of the Implementation of Curriculum Innovation: The Impact of the William and Mary Units on Schools

This evaluation study of a curriculum innovation provides a close-up view of two school sites after 3 years of implementing the William and Mary curriculum units. Case study methodology was employed by using multiple data sources, including interview, focus group, document-content analysis, and classroom observation to assess contextual perceptions of impact and institutionalization of the innovation. Findings suggested that the innovation was viewed positively by relevant groups, that the innovation had been integrated into district policies, and that within-system diffusion efforts were underway. However, full implementation of the innovation was hampered by lack of use of the performance-based assessment tasks for improving instruction and for reporting student-learning gains. The study concluded that 3 years of implementation may be insufficient for an innovation to impact the total school culture.
Phosphoprotein analysis reveals MEK inhibition as a way to target non-small cell lung cancer tumor initiating cells

Abstract Purpose: We aimed to analyze the activation status of commonly deregulated receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor initiating cells (TIC) previously demonstrated to be refractory to ionizing radiation and chemotherapy. Materials and methods: Phosphorylated RTK and important signaling nodes were assayed using PathScan RTK Signaling Antibody Array Kit in NSCLC TIC and bulk cells 4 h post-irradiation (IR) and validated by Western blot. The effect of mitogen- activated protein kinase kinase (MEK) inhibition combined with IR was analyzed using clonogenic assay. Results: H125 TIC displayed decreased basal phosphorylation of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) (Tyr701) as compared to bulk cells. Total IGF-1R levels were significantly lower in NSCLC TIC as compared to bulk cells. A higher degree of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation was evident in TIC and concordantly MEK inhibition reduced TIC viability. Moreover, MEK inhibition also decreased clonogenicity upon IR suggesting that MEK and downstream signaling impart on TIC radiation response. Conclusions: We demonstrate reduced basal phosphorylation of several signaling pathways including lower total IGF-1R levels in NSCLC TIC which is of potential concern for RTK inhibitor use. Importantly, MEK inhibition decreased cell viability of NSCLC TIC alone or in combination with IR.
Differentially Private Filtering

Emerging systems such as smart grids or intelligent transportation systems often require end-user applications to continuously send information to external data aggregators performing monitoring or control tasks. This can result in an undesirable loss of privacy for the users in exchange of the benefits provided by the application. Motivated by this trend, this paper introduces privacy concerns in a system theoretic context, and addresses the problem of releasing filtered signals that respect the privacy of the user data streams. Our approach relies on a formal notion of privacy from the database literature, called differential privacy, which provides strong privacy guarantees against adversaries with arbitrary side information. Methods are developed to approximate a given filter by a differentially private version, so that the distortion introduced by the privacy mechanism is minimized. Two specific scenarios are considered. First, the notion of differential privacy is extended to dynamic systems with many participants contributing independent input signals. Kalman filtering is also discussed in this context, when a released output signal must preserve differential privacy for the measured signals or state trajectories of the individual participants. Second, differentially private mechanisms are described to approximate stable filters when participants contribute to a single event stream, extending previous work on differential privacy under continual observation.
Synergy among Multiple Methodologies: Investigating Parents' Distress after Preterm Birth

Interpretive methodologies require a level of introspection and engagement that is different from that used in empirical and analytical methodologies. The use of multiple interpretive methodologies to explore a phenomenon, in the context of a single study, is a unique perspective for undertaking qualitative research. The purpose of this article is to illustrate the synergistic nature of combining interpretive methodologies to capture multiple facets of a phenomenon. We used two different philosophical orientations, Heideggerian hermeneutic phenomenology and Foucauldian discourse analysis not only to describe the differences in research questions, methods, and analyses, but also to illustrate the added insight gained from a multiple-methodological approach. The differences between interpretive methodologies, as well as the analytic value of this innovative approach, are nuanced and are best demonstrated through the analysis of an exemplar transcript using both methodologies. Although subtle methodological differences exist, the interpretations combined create a deepening understanding of the phenomenon. Awareness of how each interpretive tradition influences the language around the research question, the data collection and analysis, and overall integrity of the level of inquiry is crucial to maintaining a rigor in both traditions, yet recognition of multiple “truths” allows for a more holistic representation to be created.
On-line learning to recover from thruster failures on Autonomous Underwater Vehicles

We propose a method for computing on-line the controller of an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle under thruster failures. The method is general and can be applied to both redundant and under-actuated AUVs, as it does not rely on the modification of the thruster control matrix. We define an optimization problem on a specific class of functions, in order to compute the optimal control law that achieves the target without using the faulty thruster. The method is framed within model-based policy search for reinforcement learning, and we study its applicability on the model of the AUV Girona500. We performed experiments with policies of increasing complexity, testing the on-line feasibility of the approach as the optimization problem becomes more complex.
Evolutionary approach to optimization of data representation for classification of patterns in financial ultra-high frequency time series

This paper proposes an evolutionary approach to optimization of data representation for classification of patterns in financial ultra-high frequency time series. Input data describe order book shapes defined by sequences of price-capital pairs coming from ask and bid orders registered on the stock market. Target data describe the change of the mid price. Classifiers based on SVM try to predict the direction of changes of the mid price on the basis of the input data. An important problem in such an approach is the representation of the input data, because the raw input data consist of long and irregular queues of orders, and need to be transformed into a feature vector. An evolutionary approach is proposed to optimize the representation of the input data by gaussian curves. Experiments performed on real-world data from the London Stock Exchange Rebuilt Order Book database confirms that the evolutionary algorithm is capable of improving significantly the results of classification.
How do system architectures affect software requirements?

While much research attention has been paid to transitioning from requirements to software architectures, relatively little attention has been paid to how new requirements are affected by an existing system architecture. Specifically, no scientific studies have been conducted on how a system's architecture affects software requirements; in particular, the “characteristics” of newly elicited requirements gathered in the presence of an existing architecture. This paper describes emerging results from an exploratory controlled study investigating such requirements characteristics.
Complete nucleotide sequence of macrolide-lincosamide-streptogramin B-resistance transposon Tn917 in Streptococcus faecalis

Streptococcus faecalis transposon Tn917 was cloned in Escherichia coli on plasmid vector pBR325. The erythromycin resistance determinant of Tn917 was not expressed in the E. coli background. The nucleotide sequence of Tn917 was determined and found to be 5,257 base pairs in length. Six open reading frames (ORFs) were identified and designated 1 through 6 (5' to 3'); all were on the same DNA strand. A region exhibiting strong homology with known promoters was identified upstream from ORF1. ORFs 1 to 3 were virtually identical to the previously sequenced erythromycin resistance determinant on Streptococcus sanguis plasmid pAM77. At the 3' point, where the homology between Tn917 and pAM77 ends, was a 20-base-pair region about 80% homologous with a component of the res site of Tn3. The amino acid sequence of ORF4 showed homology with other site-specific recombination enzymes, including approximately 30% homology with the resolvase of Tn3. Contained within Tn917 was a directly oriented 73-base-pair duplication of the left terminus. The Tn917 sequence revealed that antibiotic-enhanced transposition might be due to extension of transcription from the resistance-related genes (in ORFs 1 to 3) into transposition genes (in ORFs 4 to 6). Transcription analyses resulted in data consistent with this interpretation.
Designing the Width of Substrate Integrated Waveguide Structures

A new formula for the effective width design of substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) structures is presented. Contrary to another formulation of similar accuracy, which requires an iterative process or solution of a fifth-order polynomial, the new equation allows the direct design of the SIW's width for a given cutoff frequency. The presented formula is obtained by minimizing the reflections from the junction between the SIW and an all-dielectric waveguide of equivalent width. A mode-matching approach is used to derive the equation which is verified by comparison with μWaveWizard for three SIW examples. Further optimizations in CST Microwave Studio and μWaveWizard demonstrate the robustness of the new formula.
Downlink SINR distribution in a heterogeneous cellular wireless network with max-SINR connectivity

Recent results [1], [2] on the distribution of the downlink SINR in heterogeneous wireless networks assume that the serving base station (BS) for a given user (UE) location is either (a) the BS that is geographically nearest to the UE location [1], or (b) the one that has the highest received power at the UE location [2]. For (a), the distribution of the downlink SINR at an arbitrary UE location can be derived exactly. For (b), the best result for the cumulative distribution function (CDF) of the downlink SINR [2] is exact only for arguments that exceed unity. In this paper, we extend the results in [2] to derive an exact expression for the CDF of the downlink SINR at an arbitrary UE location in a multi-tier heterogeneous network when the serving BS is chosen according to (b). We then explore some interesting implications of the result for coverage probabilities.
Do-Not-Answer: Evaluating Safeguards in LLMs

With the rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs), new and hard-to-predict harmful capabilities are emerging. This requires developers to identify potential risks through the evaluation of “dangerous capabilities” in order to responsibly deploy LLMs. Here we aim to facilitate this process. In particular, we collect an open-source dataset to evaluate the safeguards in LLMs, to facilitate the deployment of safer open-source LLMs at a low cost. Our dataset is curated and filtered to consist only of instructions that responsible language models should not follow. We assess the responses of six popular LLMs to these instructions, and we find that simple BERT-style classifiers can achieve results that are comparable to GPT-4 on automatic safety evaluation. Our data and code are available at https://github.com/Libr-AI/do-not-answer
The psychology of couples and illness: Theory, research, & practice.

Basic research on the psychobiology of intimate relationships, T. Groth, G. Fehm-Wolfsdorf, K. Hahlweg coronary heart disease and couples, L. Rankin-Esquer, A. Deeter, C.B. Taylor couples coping with respiratory disorders, K.B. Schmaling, N. Afari rheumatic illnesses and relationships - coping as a joint venture, S. Danoff-Burg, T.A. Revenson helping each other through the night - couples and coping with cancer, W.K. Halford, J.L. Scott, J. Smythe couples with HIV-AIDS, S. Kalichman couples and chronic pain, L. Schwartz, D. Ehde couples and premenstrual syndrome - partners as moderators of symptoms? , A. Jones, V. Theodos, T.G. Sher, M. Young couples facing fertility problems, L. Pasch, A. Christensen alcohol and couples - drinking in an intimate relational context, L.J. Roberts, K.D. Linney couples approaches to smoking cessation, C.A. Palmer, D.H. Baucom, C.M. McBride when the bough breaks - the relationship between chronic illness in children and couple functioning, R. Gaither, K. Bingen, J. Hopkins.