Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conceptualising disability in the workplace : contextualising the responses of managers and employees

This research explores how staff and managers conceptualise disabled people within the work setting. Despite anti-discriminatory legislation and government support schemes disabled people remain disadvantaged in terms of employment. The development of the social model of disability has challenged traditional concepts of disability. At the same time the disability movement has sought equality, including within employment. A key factor in the employment disadvantage of disabled people is held to be the discriminatory attitudes of employers and staff. This research presents a case study of managers and staff within a commercial organisation. To support the data analysis an analytical framework has been developed, utilising existing literature and grounded in Critical Systems Heuristics. The framework identifies different rationalities staff could hold in conceptualising disability within the workplace. A qualitative approach is used, generating rich data around the concepts the study group hold about disability and disabled people in the workplace. The analysis highlights that people hold ambivalent attitudes to disabled people within the workplace. Whilst generally sympathetic to the idea of greater numbers of disabled people in the workplace, they hold specific ideas that act as barriers to achieving this. These include conceptualising disabled people as less capable, anxieties over the impact on co-workers, and viewing work as generally fixed. This thinking is underpinned by how many people conceptualise work as competitive at an organisational and individual level and their perceptions of fairness, requiring disabled people to fit into work and not be treated radically differently to other workers. Rationality over disability and work is conflicted, with general sympathies over disability conflicting with anxieties over the actuality of disabled people in the workplace. It is argued that individuals rationalise this conflicted thinking by conceptualising disabled workers differently to disabled people. This is seen as significant in determining what is held as reasonable when accommodating disabled people, so becoming a driver of the overall approach to disability within the organisation. The research offers an original contribution to knowledge in terms of offering new insights about disability and employment. The research offers a new analytical framework based on rationality and a potential contribution to policy on disability and employment.
Utility of Circulating MicroRNAs as Clinical Biomarkers for Cardiovascular Diseases

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA molecules that regulate gene and protein expression by translational repression and/or mRNA degradation. miRNAs are implicated in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular diseases and have become potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Their stability and presence in variety of readily accessible cell types including whole blood, serum, plasma, and other body fluids render them as potential source of a clinical biomarker. This review provides a brief overview of miRNA biogenesis and function, the diagnostic potential of circulating extracellular miRNA and their specific role in vivo in various cardiovascular settings, and their future perspective as clinical biomarkers. It is clearly evident from experimental studies that miRNAs are responsible for the regulation of several biological functions and alterations in cardiovascular diseases. Current data supports the concept of using circulating miRNAs as a biomarker in cardiovascular disease. It remains to be seen, however, whether circulating miRNAs can fulfil this role to improve risk and severity prediction.
Five-Year Experience with Screening Electrocardiograms in National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I Athletes

Objective:(1) Compare rates of abnormal screening electrocardiograms (ECGs) using updated criteria compared with older criteria. (2) Compare rates of abnormal ECGs by ethnicity. (3) Evaluate ability of ECG criteria to detect the predicted number of athletes with previously undetected cardiovascular abnormalities. Design:Prospective and retrospective review of ECGs. During the prospective portion of the study, the 2005 European Society of Cardiology criteria were used from 2008 to July 2011 and the 2011 Stanford criteria were used from August 2011 to 2013. Retrospectively, all ECGs were reevaluated using the 2011 Stanford criteria, 2013 Seattle criteria, and 2014 Sharma Refined criteria. Setting:Division I National Collegiate Athletic Association University. Participants:874 incoming athletes over a 5-year period. Interventions:ECG screening program. Main Outcome Measures:Number of abnormal ECGs and number of athletes with newly discovered cardiac abnormalities. Results:Abnormal ECG rates were the 2005 European criteria 10.7%, 2011 Stanford criteria 6.6%, 2013 Seattle criteria 2.8%, and 2014 Sharma Refined criteria 2.8%. In black athletes, the Stanford criteria resulted in more abnormal ECGs compared with Seattle or Sharma Refined. Three athletes were found to have a previously undetected cardiac abnormality (2 with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and 1 with preexcitation). Conclusions:More recent ECG screening criteria substantially reduce the abnormal ECG rate and thus the number of athletes requiring additional testing. ECG screening criteria identified the predicted number (1/300) of young athletes with serious underlying cardiovascular disease. These criteria prompt not only additional cardiovascular testing but also a more thorough cardiovascular history.
Culture and point of view

East Asians and Westerners perceive the world and think about it in very different ways. Westerners are inclined to attend to some focal object, analyzing its attributes and categorizing it in an effort to find out what rules govern its behavior. Rules used include formal logic. Causal attributions tend to focus exclusively on the object and are therefore often mistaken. East Asians are more likely to attend to a broad perceptual and conceptual field, noticing relationships and changes and grouping objects based on family resemblance rather than category membership. Causal attributions emphasize the context. Social factors are likely to be important in directing attention. East Asians live in complex social networks with prescribed role relations. Attention to context is important to effective functioning. More independent Westerners live in less constraining social worlds and have the luxury of attending to the object and their goals with respect to it. The physical “affordances” of the environment may also influence perception. The built environments of the East are more complex and contain more objects than do those of the West. In addition, artistic products of the East emphasize the field and deemphasize individual objects, including people. Western art renders less of the field and emphasizes individual objects and people.
Personality, mental distress, and subjective health complaints among persons with environmental annoyance

The aim of this study was to assess possible early determinants of idiopathic environmental intolerance (IEI), contributing to an integrated model for the development of IEI. Questionnaires concerning personality traits, current mental distress, subjective health complaints, work load and satisfaction, and options for recovery, were given to 84 persons from the general population attributing annoyance to (i) chemicals/smells (smell-annoyed (SA) n= 29); (ii) electrical equipment (electrically annoyed (EA) n= 16); and (iii) both smells and electricity (generally annoyed (GA) n= 39), but otherwise healthy and in active work. Compared to referents (n= 54), the EA and GA groups showed strongly elevated scores on 5/6 scales within the trait anxiety/neuroticism personality dimension, while the SA group had a slight elevation on only one anxiety scale. Current mental distress and subjective health complaints scores were generally elevated in the EA and GA groups, but only partially in the SA group. Higher proportions of the EA, GA, and SA groups reported low satisfaction with their work situation, including more frequent fatigue after work and a higher, and often unfulfilled, need for recovery. The findings suggest that trait anxiety is prominent already at prodromal stages of IEI, possibly indicating that trait anxiety facilitates the acquisition of attribution of health complaints to environmental factors.
Peer Effects , Institutions and Human Capital Accumulation : The Externalities of ADD

Recent work shows that peers affect student achievement, but the mechanisms are not well understood. I show that peer behavior is an important mechanism, perhaps more so than ability, by exploiting exogenous timing in diagnosis/treatment of ADD among peers that improves peer behavior while holding peer achievement constant. Improvements in peer behavior increase student achievement. Moreover, resources mitigate the negative effects of peer behavior. These findings imply that the optimal response in the presence of peer effects is not necessarily to reorganize classrooms. Rather, existing institutions can modify peer effects by improving behavior and/or mitigating the impact of poor behavior.
Rational-ordered discrete fractional Fourier transform

The discrete fractional Fourier transform (DFRFT) whose order parameter is a rational number has special interesting properties that ordinary DFRFT does not possess. In this paper, periodicity and eigendecomposition properties of the rational-ordered DFRFT (RODFRFT) are investigated. We find that RODFRFT must be periodic and periods of RODFRFT are derived for all possible orders. As to the eigendecomposition of RODFRFT, we first derive eigenvalue multiplicities of the RODFRFT of order 4/p, where p is its period. The results are then generalized to RODFRFT of any rational orders.
Anesthesia of wild red howler monkeys (Alouatta seniculus) with medetomidine/ketamine and reversal by atipamezole

Wild red howler monkeys (Alouatta seniculus) were translocated during the flooding of the forest at a hydroelectric dam site in French Guiana. For a variety of minor clinical procedures, 96 monkeys were anesthetized with various intramuscular injections of combinations of medetomidine and ketamine. The howler population was composed of healthy animals (42 males and 54 females) of various ages. Medetomidine (150 μg/kg) associated with ketamine (4 mg/kg) gave the best results and was used on 63 animals. The injection rapidly resulted in complete immobilization with good to excellent myorelaxation. The induction stage was quiet, with absence of both corneal and pedal withdrawal reflexes in 57 animals after 2.9 ± 1.4 min. Six animals required an additional injection. Rectal temperature and respiratory and heart rates decreased during anesthesia, whereas relative oxyhemoglobin saturation increased. One death occurred during anesthesia. One abortion and one death also occurred the day following anesthesia but were more probably a result of capture stress. Atipamezole given i.m. at a dose of five times the medetomidine dose 38.4 ± 8.0 min after the anesthetic injection led to standing recovery in 7.1 ± 4.5 min. Spontaneous recovery occurred in 17 animals before the atipamezole injection after an average of 30.6 ± 9.6 min. Total recovery time was shorter in young animals. Medetomidine/ketamine induced good myorelaxation and provided considerably shortened immobilization duration, which are two notable advantages for field studies. We recommend this association for short procedures including minor surgery in red howler monkeys. Am. J. Primatol. 45:399–410, 1998. © 1998 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Biliary malignancies in primary sclerosing cholangitis: Timing for liver transplantation

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic inflammatory disease associated in 10% to 36% of those with hepatobiliary malignancies, which are, in the majority of cases, not known prior to transplantation. Diagnosis of carcinomas in a PSC setting at an early stage has not yet been achieved, because there are no differences in the age of patients or clinical course, particularly with regard to the time between diagnosis of PSC and detection of carcinomas. To assess optimal timing for transplantation in patients with PSC, we applied the Mayo survival model to 48 patients receiving transplants for that disease in our center between 1972 and 1994. Of these patients, 10 had a biliary malignancy, which was incidental in 9. According to the Mayo model, low‐, moderate‐, and high‐risk groups of patients could be formed. The actuarial patient survivals at 1 and 7 years were 100% and 100% (low risk), 68.6% and 68.6% (moderate risk), and 54.6% and 46.8% (high risk), respectively. Patients with a biliary malignancy had a 30% survival at 1 year; none survived 6 years. Local recurrence of the tumor was found in 3 patients, 2 of them with low tumor stages at the time of transplantation. Analysis of the Mayo Model risk scores demonstrated a marked increase in the incidence of biliary malignancies at a score above 4.4. All patients with tumors were found to have a score above 4. Moreover, the prevalence rate rose from 14.3% in the low‐risk group to 33.3% in the moderate‐risk group. There was no difference in the clinical courses at 6 to 12 months prior to transplantation; in particular, the bilirubin levels (PSC alone, 250 ± 230 mumol/L; PSC with carcinoma, 288 ± 182 mumol/L) did not differ significantly (P > .05) between both patient groups. Because the outcome after transplantation is poor even in patients with low‐grade malignancies, early timing of transplantation in patients with PSC is suggested to prevent formation of biliary malignancies. Therefore, regular scoring of patients with the Mayo Model risk score is suggested, and transplantation should be taken into consideration at scores above 4.
Secret Romantic Relationships: Consequences for Personal and Relational Well-Being

Previous research on romantic secrecy found that hiding one’s relationship from others predicted lower levels of relationship quality. The present research built on this work by exploring the potential consequences of relationship concealment on partners’ commitment level and personal health. Study 1 found that greater secrecy was associated with reduced commitment to one’s relationship, lower self-esteem, and more reported health symptoms. Study 2 tested a theoretical model of the effects of secrecy using structural equation modeling. This model was well supported and suggests that romantic secrecy (a) undermines relational commitment by means of constraining cognitive interdependence (i.e., by limiting psychological closeness to one’s partner) and (b) poses a threat to partners’ personal health as a result of generating negative affect (e.g., nervousness and fear). These findings indicate that romantic secrecy may have harmful consequences for both the relationship itself and the health of the partners involved.
Intravitreal injection of erythropoietin protects both retinal vascular and neuronal cells in early diabetes.

PURPOSE To explore and evaluate the protective effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on retinal cells of chemically induced diabetic rats after EPO was injected intravitreally at the onset of diabetes. METHODS Diabetes was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). At the onset of diabetes, a single intravitreal injection of EPO (0.05-200 ng/eye) was performed. In the following 6 weeks, the blood retinal barrier (BRB) was evaluated by Evans blue permeation (EBP). Retinal cell death in different layers was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining. The retinal thickness and cell counts were examined at the light microscopic level. Electron microscopy (EM) was used to scrutinize retinal vascular and neuronal injury. Neurosensory retinas of normal and diabetic rats were used as the sources of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot for the detection of EPO, EPO receptor (EpoR), and products of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and the signal transducers and activators of transcription 5 (STAT5) pathways. The distribution of EpoR in retinal layers was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS In the diabetic rats, BRB breakdown was detected soon after the onset of diabetes, peaked at 2 weeks, and reached a plateau at 2 to 4 weeks. The number of TUNEL-positive cells increased in the neurosensory retina, especially, the outer nuclear layer (ONL) at 1 week after diabetes onset and reached a peak at 4 to 6 weeks. The retinal thickness and the number of cells in the ONL were reduced significantly. EM observations demonstrated vascular and photoreceptor cell death starting soon after the onset of diabetes. All these changes were largely prevented by EPO treatment. Upregulation of EpoR in the neurosensory retina was detected at both the transcriptional and protein levels 4 to 8 weeks after the onset of diabetes, whereas, the endogenous EPO levels of neurosensory retinas were essentially unchanged during the same period observed. In EPO-treated diabetic groups, EpoR expression remained at upregulated levels. Within 2 weeks of the onset of diabetes, activation of the ERK but not the STAT5 pathway was detected in the diabetic retina treated with EPO. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that apoptosis is an major contributor to neuronal cell death in the early course of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The upregulation of EpoR may be a compensatory response of retinal cells and tissue to diabetic stresses. The EPO/EpoR system as a maintenance-survival mechanism of retinal neurons responds to the insults of early diabetes other than ischemia. The protective function of EPO/EpoR at the least acts through the EpoR-mediated ERK pathway. Exogenous EPO administration by intravitreal injection in early diabetes may prevent retinal cell death and protect the BRB function. Therefore, this is a novel approach for treatment of early DR.
Choice of therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin and a sulphonylurea: a systematic review and mixed-treatment comparison meta-analysis

Background Metformin and a sulphonylurea are often used in combination for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the comparative safety and efficacy of all available classes of antihyperglycemic therapies in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with metformin and sulphonylurea combination therapy. Methods MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations, EMBASE, BIOSIS Previews, PubMed and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched for randomized controlled trials published in English from 1980 to November 2009. Additional citations were obtained from the grey literature and conference proceedings and through stakeholder feedback. Two reviewers independently selected the studies, extracted the data and assessed risk of bias. Key outcomes of interest were hemoglobin A1c, body weight, hypoglycemia, patients’ satisfaction with treatment, quality of life, long-term diabetes-related complications, withdrawals due to adverse events, serious adverse events and mortality. Mixed-treatment comparison meta-analyses were conducted to calculate mean differences between drug classes for changes in hemoglobin A1c and body weight. When appropriate, pairwise meta-analyses were used to estimate differences for other outcomes. Results We identified 33 randomized controlled trials meeting the inclusion criteria. The methodologic quality of the studies was generally poor. Insulins (basal, biphasic, bolus), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogues and thiazolidinediones (TZDs) all produced statistically significant reductions in hemoglobin A1c in combination with metformin and a sulphonylurea (–0.89% to –1.17%), whereas meglitinides and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors did not. Biphasic insulin, bolus insulin, and TZDs were associated with weight gain (1.85–5.00 kg), whereas DPP-4 inhibitors and alpha-glucosidase inhibitors were weight-neutral, and GLP-1 analogues were associated with modest weight loss. Treatment regimens containing insulin were associated with increased hypoglycemia relative to comparators, but severe hypoglycemia was rare across all treatments. Interpretation Third-line agents for the treatment of type 2 diabetes are similar in terms of glycemic control but differ in their propensity to cause weight gain and hypoglycemia. Longer-term studies with larger sample sizes are required to determine if any of the drug classes are superior with regard to reducing diabetes-related complications.
Organizational olympians : heroes and heroines of organizational myths

Introduction to the Trilogy: Mythologies of Organizational Everyday Life M.Kostera Introduction to Volume 1: The Heroes and Villains of Organization M.Kostera Louhi, the Mistress of Northland: the Power of the Loner I.Aaltio Engaged Leadership: Living the Myth and Embodying the Legend of the Olympian Athlete E.P.Antonacopoulou From Managers to Artists and Priests: On Transformation and Development of Organizational Leaders D.Bourne The Uncanny Organization Man - Superhero Myths And Contemporary Management Discourse A.Rehn & M.Lindhal From Rags to Riches - a Fairy Tale or Living Ethos? Stories of Polish Entrepreneurship During and After Transformation of 1989 M.Ciesielska "I could have been like Lou Barlow, but I'm more like Ken Barlow": Long-stayers as Heroes or Failures Y.Guerrier Little Johnny and the Wizard of OS - the PC User as a Fool Hero D.Jemielniak An Emerging Legend of a Kosovar heroine: Narrating Female Entrepreneurs L.Olaison Elzbieta Pakszys: Gender-content-Myths and their Role in Nation Forming E.Palszys Appendix 1: Greuceanu: The Heavy and the Great Man. 163 The Hard-working Hero/ine among Phantoms, Donors and Dark Forces: On Mythical Features in Polish Organizational Imagination K.W. Bostrom 167 Mighty McManus Mystery, Myth and Modernity T.Watson Myth and Charisma as Symbolic Capital: The Case of Architecture A.Styhre & M.Sundgren Paradise Lost - Impartiality of an Arbitrator J.Jemielniak The Film Producer: A Scapegoat or/and a Midwife in the Film Making Process M.Soila-Wadman The Witchcraft of Professionalism - the Attractiveness of Ideal Types of Professions K.Jonnergard
Gamifying teacher professional development: an experience with collaborative learning design

Despite wide-scale uptake of gamification in professional training generally, application in Teacher Professional Development (TPD) is still in its infancy. The few experiences reported hitherto mainly concentrate on fostering participation and engagement in the training intervention itself. By contrast, we believe that gamification of TPD can and should have a broader scope, helping to enhance teachers’ motivation to apply newly acquired knowledge and approaches in their daily practice. Accordingly, we have sought to gamify an existing TPD environment called 4Ts, which encourages teachers to design collaborative learning activities for their students via a specific theoretic approach (4Ts). In this paper, we describe the selection and integration of gamification mechanics in 4Ts following an existing methodology that, while generic, has nonetheless proved useful for gamification in the education field. The paper illustrates both the methodology and the experience of gamifying 4Ts with a view to potential transferability to similar, educational contexts.