Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Success Breeds Success Locally: A Tale of Incubator Firms

This paper focuses on the pre-establishment period of start-ups in industrial districts. The industrial architecture is what I call a "rationed agglomeration" in which some entrepreneurs gather around an established firm while other entrepreneurs in the same business stand alone. In a rationed agglomeration, I analyze the effects of relations between established firms, network entrepreneurs, and local financiers on the market prices of loans. I show that such relations improve the match of capital to ideas in the network even though the overall distribution of capital to ideas remains unchanged. This suggests that success breeds success in the networks of established firms. The existence of networks overturns the claim that there are no motives to engage in information gathering in a simple market regime with information asymmetries. In particular, I show that there are market incentives for established firms to decrease the information gap between network entrepreneurs and local financiers.
Medication Regimen Complexity and Polypharmacy as Factors Associated With All-Cause Mortality in Older People

Objectives: To investigate whether medication regimen complexity and/or polypharmacy are associated with all-cause mortality in older people. Methods: This was a population-based cohort study among community-dwelling and institutionalized people ≥60 years old (n = 3348). Medication regimen complexity was assessed using the 65-item Medication Regimen Complexity Index (MRCI) in 10-unit steps. Polypharmacy was assessed as a continuous variable (number of medications). Mortality data were obtained from the Swedish National Cause of Death Register. Cox proportional hazard models were used to compute unadjusted and adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for the association between regimen complexity and polypharmacy with all-cause mortality over a 3-year period. Subanalyses were performed stratifying by age (≤80 and>80 years), sex, and cognition (Mini-Mental State Examination [MMSE] <26 and ≥26). Results: During follow-up, 14% of the participants (n = 470) died. After adjusting for age, sex, comorbidity, educational level, activities of daily living, MMSE, and residential setting, a higher MRCI was associated with mortality (adjusted HR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.01-1.25). Polypharmacy was not associated with mortality (adjusted HR = 1.03; 95% CI = 0.99-1.06). When stratifying by sex, both MRCI and polypharmacy were associated with mortality in men but not in women. MRCI was associated with mortality in participants ≤80 years old and in participants with MMSE ≥26 but not in participants >80 years old or with MMSE <26. Conclusion: Regimen complexity was a better overall predictor of mortality than polypharmacy. However, regimen complexity was not predictive of mortality in women, in participants >80 years old, or in those with MMSE<26. These different associations with mortality deserve further investigation.
Iterative local Gaussian clustering for expressed genes identification linked to malignancy of human colorectal carcinoma

Gene expression profiling plays an important role in the identification of biological and clinical properties of human solid tumors such as colorectal carcinoma. Profiling is required to reveal underlying molecular features for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. A non-parametric density-estimation-based approach called iterative local Gaussian clustering (ILGC), was used to identify clusters of expressed genes. We used experimental data from a previous study by Muro and others consisting of 1,536 genes in 100 colorectal cancer and 11 normal tissues. In this dataset, the ILGC finds three clusters, two large and one small gene clusters, similar to their results which used Gaussian mixture clustering. The correlation of each cluster of genes and clinical properties of malignancy of human colorectal cancer was analysed for the existence of tumor or normal, the existence of distant metastasis and the existence of lymph node metastasis.
A Jordan GNS Construction for the Holonomy-Flux *-algebra

The holonomy-flux *-algebra was recently proposed as an algebra of basic kinematical observables for loop quantum gravity. We show the conventional GNS construction breaks down when the the holonomy-flux *-algebra is allowed to be a Jordan algebra of observables. To remedy this, we give a Jordan GNS construction for the holonomy-flux *-algebra that is based on trace. This is accomplished by assuming the holonomy-flux *-algebra is an algebra of observables that is also a Banach algebra, hence a JB algebra. We show the Jordan GNS construction produces a state that is invariant under all inner derivations of the holonomy-flux *-algebra. Implications for the corresponding Jordan-Schrodinger equation are also discussed.
“To Respond or not to Respond, that is the Question”: The Decision-Making Process of Providing Social Support to Distressed Posters on Facebook

The aim of this study is to understand whether, why, and under what conditions young adults respond to distressed posts on social networking sites (SNSs). Semi-structured interviews with 27 participants revealed a wide range of salient factors that influenced participants’ likelihood of responding to distressed posts. By identifying the factors and mapping the conditions under which they are operational, we posit a conceptual framework useful in understanding key features of the decision-making process participants use to decide whether and how to respond to distressed SNS posts. Results suggest that relationship closeness is the first and most significant determinant of likelihood to respond. When relational closeness was high, the responses were likely to be direct and immediate. In the absence of relational closeness between respondent and poster, likelihood of responding depended on (1) perceived acuity and seriousness of content, (2) consistency in posting patterns, (3) perceived capacity to provide efficacious support, (4) history of reciprocity, (5) perceived resonance with poster or posted content, (6) perceived motivations of the poster, and (7) perceptions of other viewers. The findings have implications for understanding social support interactions and bystander interventions in peer networks on SNSs.
Testing a New Approach to Improve Recall in Different Ages: Providing Witnesses With a Model Statement

Obtaining an elaborate witness statement is essential for police investigations. Free recall, however, sometimes lacks richness of detail, especially in younger witnesses. Drawing from deception detection and educational psychological literature, we tested the beneficial value of a model statement to enhance recall quantity without decreasing accuracy in 48 adults (Experiment 1), and in 110 7- to 10-year-old children and 14- to 17-year-old adolescents (Experiment 2). Participants either listened to an unrelated account (i.e., model statement) or performed a filler task prior to recalling a target event witnessed 1 week earlier. We replicated age increases in statement quantity and age-related decreases to suggestive follow-up questions. No effect of model statement was found. Reasons for why a model statement was ineffective and recommendations are discussed.
AND Parallelism in Logic Programs

An interpreter for logic programs is defined which executes some goals in parallel. OR parallelism exploits the parallelism defined from nondeterministic choices, and is essentially a replacement for backtracking. AND parallelism comes from solving goals in the body of a single clause in parallel, and is the only way to exploit parallelism in deterministic functions written as logic programs. A unique feature of our model is that it allows both forms of parallelism for the same computation.
Distributed Synchronization for OFDMA‐Based Wireless Mesh Networks

In this paper, we propose a distributed synchronization algorithm for wireless mesh networks based on orthogonal frequency division multiple access. For time and frequency synchronization, a node requests its neighbor nodes for a change of fast Fourier transform starting points, transmission times, and carrier frequencies needed for synchronization. The node also updates its own time and frequency elements through simple formulas based on request messages received from neighbor nodes using a guard interval and a cyclic prefix. This process with the cooperation of neighbor nodes leads to a gradual synchronization of all nodes in the network. Through a performance comparison with a conventional scheme, we obtain simulation results indicating that the proposed scheme outperforms the conventional scheme in random topologies and a grid topology.
Hubungan Tarikan Penampilan dan Personaliti dengan Kecenderungan Membisu dalam Kalangan Pekerja Malaysia di Organisasi Jerman = The Relationship between Interpersonal Attraction and Personality with Silence among Malaysian Subordinates in Selected German Organizations

This study aimed to identify the relationship between interpersonal attraction and personality with silence of subordinates in multinational organisation. The subordinates are Malaysian and the immediate superior is a German. Respondents were consisted of 360 subordinates of various positions reporting to an immediate German superior. The interpersonal attraction was measured based on the instrument of The Measurement of Interpersonal Attraction and Homophily, while the silence was measured based on the model of Dinamika Organisasi Membisu. Personalities of the respondents were measured based on The Measurement of Personality and Characteristics to differentiate between extrovert and introvert personalities. The findings of the pilot study showed that the value of Cronbach alpha of interpersonal attraction is . 80, personality . 78 and . 88 for silence. A descriptive statistic analysis namely the frequency and percentage as well as the inferential statistic in the form of Pearson correlation coefficient was used to test the hypothesis of the study at significant level of . 05. The findings showed that the interpersonal attraction of superior was able to influence the communication of subordinate-superior. The findings showed that extrovert subordinates had intermediate perceptions through the interpersonal attraction of superior. The findings of silence showed that introvert subordinates tended to show silence towards the superior in various situations. This matter can be identified based on the results of t-test sample for silence (t (358) = 2.69, p <0.05). This situation showed that, the introvert subordinates were more likely to show silence compare to the extrovert subordinates. al-abqori vol 7.indd 148 4/28/16 3:02 PM 149 Hubungan Tarikan Penampilan dan Personaliti dengan Kecenderungan Membisu dalam Kalangan Pekerja Malaysia di Organisasi Jerman
Lexicon Uniformity and the causative alternation

With respect to the first question, the perceived additional semantic complexity of the transitive or ‘causative’ variant—its explicit association with a notion of cause—may suggest that the transitive variant is derived from the intransitive or ‘anticausative’ variant1 by the addition of a CAUSE operator (e.g., Dowty 1979: 91; Hartl 2003; Lakoff 1966; Parsons 1990). This position is reinforced by the additional morphology associated with at least some verbs in this variant in some languages. In contrast, the intransitive variant is taken as derived by others (e.g., Chierchia 2003; Grimshaw 1982: 103ff; Levin and Rappaport Hovav 1995: 108; Reinhart 2002: 241, to appear: 27), most often because its verb is usually morphologically more complex than the verb in the causative variant in many languages, including French, Italian, and Russian (see also Koontz-Garboden 2009).
Histone H2A is required for normal centromere function in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Histones are structural and functional components of the eukaryotic chromosome, and their function is essential for normal cell cycle progression. In this work, we describe the characterization of two Saccharomyces cerevisiae cold‐sensitive histone H2A mutants. Both mutants contain single amino acid replacements of residues predicted to be on the surface of the nucleosome and in close contact with DNA. We show that these H2A mutations cause an increase‐in‐ploidy phenotype, an increased rate of chromosome loss, and a defect in traversing the G2–M phase of the cell cycle. Moreover, these H2A mutations show genetic interactions with mutations in genes encoding kinetochore components. Finally, chromatin analysis of these H2A mutants has revealed an altered centromeric chromatin structure. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that histone H2A is required for proper centromere–kinetochore function during chromosome segregation.
CONTINUOUS AND SYNCHRONIZATION UNIMANUAL FINGER TAPPING

Title of Thesis: FORCE AND TEMPORAL CONTROL IN CONTINUOUS AND SYNCHRONIZATION UNIMANUAL FINGER TAPPING Yue Du, Master of Arts, 2011 Directed By: Professor Jane E. Clark, PhD, Kinesiology Temporal control is essential to human movement both in the activities of daily living and the skilled actions of the athlete, dancer, or musician. Although the temporal control ability has been widely and well-studied for over a hundred years, little attention has been paid to the other movement parameters such as space and force that might influence temporal control. To probe the relationship between force and temporal control, 17 right-handed participants were required to perform a continuous (without metronome) and synchronization (with metronome) tapping task with temporal constraints (1500, 1000, or 500 ms tapping interval) and with no force constraint. The results reveal that the contact time for a tap (initial time when finger touches the surface) was less controlled than the time of the tap’s peak force. In addition, in the synchronization task, tapping error at the time of peak force was closer to zero. The force production pattern as reflected in peak force, impulse, and the time to peak force varied across tapping modes and intervals. Taken together, these results suggest that force and temporal control are systematically related to each other in finger tapping and that different force production strategies may be used to optimize the temporal control. FORCE AND TEMPORAL CONTROL IN CONTINUOUS AND SYNCHRONIZATION UNIMANUAL FINGER TAPPING
Global distributions of diurnal and semidiurnal tides: observations from HRDI-UARS of the MLT region and comparisons with GSWM-02 (migrating, nonmigrating components)

Abstract. HRDI (High Resolution Doppler Interferometer-UARS) winds data have been analyzed in 4°-latitude by 10°-longitude cells at 96km to obtain the global distribution of the solar-tidal amplitudes and phases. The solstices June–July (1993), December–January (1993–1994), and one equinox (September–October, 1994) are analyzed. In an earlier paper (Manson et al., 2002b) the emphasis was solely upon the longitudinal and latitudinal variations of the amplitudes and phases of the semidiurnal (12h) and diurnal (24h) tides. The longitudinal structures were shown to be quite distinctive, and in the case of the EW component of the diurnal tide there were typically four maxima/perturbations of amplitudes or phases around a latitude circle. In this case they tended to be associated with the locations of the major oceans. Here, a spatial complex spectral analysis has been applied to the data set, to obtain the zonal wave numbers for the tides as functions of latitude. For the diurnal tide the dominant s=1 migrating component and nonmigrating tides with wave numbers s=–3, –2, 0, 2 are identified; and for the semidiurnal tide, as well as the dominant s=2 migrating component, the spectra indicate the presence of nonmigrating tides with wave numbers s=–2, 0, 4. These wave numbers are also simply related to the global longitudinal structures in the tidal amplitudes and phases. Comparisons are made with the Global Scale Wave Model (GSWM-02), which now incorporates migrating and nonmigrating tides associated with tropospheric latent heat processes, and offers monthly outputs. For the diurnal tide the dominant nonmigrating tidal spectral feature (94km) is for wave number s=–3; it is relatively stronger than in the HRDI winds, and produces quite consistent structures in the global tidal fields with four longitudinal maxima. Overall, the modelled 24-h tidal amplitudes are larger than observed during the equinox beyond 40° latitude. For the semidiurnal tide, nonmigrating tides are frequently indicated in the spectra with wave numbers s=–2, 0, 6; and there are complementary longitudinal structures in the global tidal fields with two and four maxima evident. Modelled 12-h tidal amplitudes are much smaller than observed during non-winter months beyond 30°. There is a detailed discussion of the spectral features, their seasonal variations, and the similarities with the HRDI tidal data. This discussion is in the context of the inherent limitations of the model. Key words. Meteorology and atmospheric dynamics (middle atmosphere dynamics; thermospheric dynamics; waves and tides)
Pyridine-2,6-Bis(Thiocarboxylic Acid) Produced by Pseudomonas stutzeri KC Reduces and Precipitates Selenium and Tellurium Oxyanions

ABSTRACT The siderophore of Pseudomonas stutzeri KC, pyridine-2,6-bis(thiocarboxylic acid) (pdtc), is shown to detoxify selenium and tellurium oxyanions in bacterial cultures. A mechanism for pdtc's detoxification of tellurite and selenite is proposed. The mechanism is based upon determination using mass spectrometry and energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry of the chemical structures of compounds formed during initial reactions of tellurite and selenite with pdtc. Selenite and tellurite are reduced by pdtc or its hydrolysis product H2S, forming zero-valent pdtc selenides and pdtc tellurides that precipitate from solution. These insoluble compounds then hydrolyze, releasing nanometer-sized particles of elemental selenium or tellurium. Electron microscopy studies showed both extracellular precipitation and internal deposition of these metalloids by bacterial cells. The precipitates formed with synthetic pdtc were similar to those formed in pdtc-producing cultures of P. stutzeri KC. Culture filtrates of P. stutzeri KC containing pdtc were also active in removing selenite and precipitating elemental selenium and tellurium. The pdtc-producing wild-type strain KC conferred higher tolerance against selenite and tellurite toxicity than a pdtc-negative mutant strain, CTN1. These observations support the hypothesis that pdtc not only functions as a siderophore but also is involved in an initial line of defense against toxicity from various metals and metalloids.
Biogeosciences Discussions is the access reviewed discussion forum of Biogeosciences E ff ects of the pH / p CO 2 control method in the growth medium of phytoplankton

To study the effects of ocean acidification on the physiology of phytoplankton requires that the key chemical parameters of the growth medium, pCO 2 , pH and Ω (the saturation state of calcium carbonate) be carefully controlled. This is made difficult by the interdependence of these parameters. Moreover, in growing batch cultures of phy-5 toplankton, the fixation of CO 2 , the uptake of nutrients and, for coccolithophores, the precipitation of calcite all change the inorganic carbon and acid-base chemistry of the medium. For example, absent pH-buffering or CO 2 bubbling, a sizeable decrease in pCO 2 occurs at a biomass concentration as low as 50 µM C in non-calcifying cultures. Even in cultures where pCO 2 or pH is maintained constant, other chemical parame-10 ters change substantially at high cell densities. The quantification of these changes is facilitated by the use of buffer capacities. Experimentally we observe that all methods of adjustment of pCO 2 /pH can be used, the choice of one or the other depending on the specifics of the experiments. The mechanical effect of bubbling of cultures seems to induce more variable results than other methods of pCO 2 /pH control. While highly 15 convenient, the addition of pH buffers to the medium induces changes in trace metal availability and cannot be used under trace metal-limiting conditions.
Birdlets: Subordinate categorization using volumetric primitives and pose-normalized appearance

Subordinate-level categorization typically rests on establishing salient distinctions between part-level characteristics of objects, in contrast to basic-level categorization, where the presence or absence of parts is determinative. We develop an approach for subordinate categorization in vision, focusing on an avian domain due to the fine-grained structure of the category taxonomy for this domain. We explore a pose-normalized appearance model based on a volumetric poselet scheme. The variation in shape and appearance properties of these parts across a taxonomy provides the cues needed for subordinate categorization. Training pose detectors requires a relatively large amount of training data per category when done from scratch; using a subordinate-level approach, we exploit a pose classifier trained at the basic-level, and extract part appearance and shape information to build subordinate-level models. Our model associates the underlying image pattern parameters used for detection with corresponding volumetric part location, scale and orientation parameters. These parameters implicitly define a mapping from the image pixels into a pose-normalized appearance space, removing view and pose dependencies, facilitating fine-grained categorization from relatively few training examples.