Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perinatal outcome of twin pregnancies at a tertiary care centre, south india

BACKGROUND: Twin gestation is a high risk pregnancy with unique complications which have important implications on the perinatal adverse effects. Compared to singletons, multiple births are associated with a substantially-higher risk of maternal and perinatal mortality worldwide. It is also high risk delivery, especially so for the second of the twin. However, little evidence exists on the perinatal profile of twin pregnancy. OBJECTIVES: To study the perinatal outcome in twin pregnancies at a tertiary care centre. METHODS: It is a prospective study of 92 consecutive twin gestations achieving a gestational age of 28weeks and above at a tertiary care hospital, South India, for a period of two years. Perinatal outcomes including perinatal morbidity and mortality in relation to gestational age, mode of delivery and birth weight of the baby were analyzed. Various reasons for babies requiring NICU admission were noted. RESULTS: There were 4525 deliveries in the same institution during the study period. Incidence of twin gestation observed was 20.3 per 1000 births. Preterm labour was observed in 74% of patients. Perinatal mortality observed in this study was 15.2%. 57 (61.95%) spontaneous deliveries showed 19(67.85%) of perinatal mortality compared to 23(25%) LSCS which showed 5(17.85%) of perinatal mortality. In our study various reasons found for NICU admission were respiratory distress syndrome2(2.17%), very low birth weight35(19.02%) , and birth asphyxia in 2(2.17%) of cases and majority of them were second twin. Perinatal mortality observed in twins with gestational age 34-36weeks was 9(32.14%). 17(60.71%) of perinatal mortality was observed in VLBW babies. Data collected was analyzed with descriptive statistics like percentage and proportion. CONCLUSION: Prolongation of gestation by optimum care of mothers with twin gestation in the antenatal period has a beneficial effect on improvimg the perinatal outcome. Perinatal mortality can also be reduced by appropriate management protocols directed towards prolonging the gestational age, increasing the birth weight and optimizing the mode of delivery.
What is at stake? Exploring the moral experience of stigma with Indian-Australians and Anglo-Australians living with depression

This article applies the framework of moral experience to examine the cultural experience of stigma with Indian-Australians and Anglo-Australians living with depression in Melbourne, Australia. To date few studies have examined this dynamic in relation to mental illness and culture, and no studies have applied this framework in a culturally comparative way. Based on 58 in-depth interviews with people with depression recruited from the community, we explicate how stigma modulates what is at stake upon disclosure of depression, participants’ lived experience following that disclosure, and how practices of health-seeking become stigmatised. Findings show that the social acceptance of depression jars against participants’ experience of living with it. Denialism and fear of disclosure were overwhelming themes to emerge from our analysis with significant cultural differences; the Anglo-Australians disclosed their depression to family and friends and encountered significant resistance about the legitimacy of their illness. In contrast, many Indian-Australians, especially men, did not disclose their illness for fear of a damaged reputation and damaged social relations. For Indian-Australians, social relations in the community were at stake, whereas for Anglo-Australians workplace relations (but not community relations) were at stake. Participants’ experiences in these settings also influenced their patterns of health-seeking behaviors and age and inter-generational relationships were important mediators of stigma and social support. These findings illuminate how stigma, culture, and setting are linked and they provide critical information necessary to identify and develop customised strategies to mitigate the harmful effects of stigma in particular cultural groups.
Favism and Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency.

Favism and Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency When persons with G6PD deficiency eat fava beans, acute hemolytic anemia may develop. It is caused by the generation of free radicals from the metabolism of glucosides in the beans. The free radicals damage red cells, resulting in intravascular and extravascular lysis.
Predictors of Condom Use Behaviors Based on the Health Belief Model (HBM) among Female Sex Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study in Hubei Province, China

Background HIV infection related to commercial sexual contact is a serious public health issue in China. The objectives of the present study are to explore the predictors of condom use among female sex workers (FSWs) in China and examine the relationship between Health Belief Model (HBM) constructs. Methodology/Principal Findings A cross-sectional study was conducted in two cities (Wuhan and Suizhou) in Hubei Province, China, between July 2009 and June 2010. A total of 427 FSWs were recruited through mediators from the ‘low-tier’ entertainment establishments. Data were obtained by self-administered questionnaires. Structural equation models were constructed to examine the association. We collected 363 valid questionnaires. Within the context of HBM, perceived severity of HIV mediated through perceived benefits of condom use had a weak effect on condom use (r = 0.07). Perceived benefits and perceived barriers were proximate determinants of condom use (r = 0.23 and r = −0.62, respectively). Self-efficacy had a direct effect on perceived severity, perceived benefits, and perceived barriers, which was indirectly associated with condom use behaviors (r = 0.36). Conclusions/Significance The HBM provides a useful framework for investigating predictors of condom use behaviors among FSWs. Future HIV prevention interventions should focus on increasing perceived benefits of condom use, reducing barriers to condoms use, and improving self-efficacy among FSWs.
Zoonotic endocarditis in Egypt

I endocarditis (IE) is a life-threatening disease. Zoonotic bacteria can cause blood culture–negative endocarditis (BCNE). Zoonotic IE is prevalent in North Africa. The study aimed to diagnose IE caused by the zoonotic pathogens Brucella spp. , Bartonella spp. and Coxiella burnetii in BCNE by PCR and serology. The study prospectively followed up all patients with suspected IE referred to the Endocarditis Service, Cardiology Department, Cairo University from February 2005 to February 2013. Three sets of blood culture were withdrawn on admission. Resected surgical material was cultured whenever available. Serologic testing was performed for detection of Brucella antibodies using standard agglutination test, IgG titers for Bartonella, and IgG, IgM, and IgA antibody titers for Coxiella burnetii using IFA on the sera of all referred patients. A patient was considered to have endocarditis caused by Brucella when antibody titers exceeded 1/320, Bartonella when IgG titers >1:800, and Coxiella when IgG phase I titer >1:800. Broad range bacterial 16S rRNA from blood culture bottles and surgical materials followed by sequencing for identification of positive cases was done. IE was classified as definite in 300 patients; 50% of them had BCNE. Zoonotic endocarditis was diagnosed as by serology and PCR in 15 (5%) patients including 6cases of Brucella spp. , 5 cases of Bartonella spp. and 4cases of Coxiella burnetii. Zoonotic agents were a cause of 9.3% of BCNE. Zoonotic agents are important cause of IE in Egypt.
A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of ketamine in the rapid treatment of major depressive episodes

Background There is growing interest in glutamatergic agents in depression, particularly ketamine, a glutamate N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist. We aimed to assess the efficacy of ketamine in major depressive episodes. Method We searched EMBASE, PsycINFO, CENTRAL, and Medline from 1962 to January 2014 to identify double-blind, randomized controlled trials with allocation concealment evaluating ketamine in major depressive episodes. Clinical remission, response and depressive symptoms were extracted by two independent raters. The primary outcome measure was clinical remission at 24 h, 3 days and 7 days post-treatment. Analyses employed a random-effects model. Results Data were synthesized from seven RCTs employing an intravenous infusion and one RCT employing intranasal ketamine, representing 73 subjects in parallel arms and 110 subjects in cross-over designs [n = 34 with bipolar disorder (BD), n = 149 with major depressive disorder (MDD)]. Ketamine was associated with higher rates of clinical remission relative to comparator (saline or midazolam) at 24 h [OR 7.06, number needed to treat (NNT) = 5], 3 days (OR 3.86, NNT = 6), and 7 days (OR 4.00, NNT = 6), as well as higher rates of clinical response at 24 h (OR 9.10, NNT = 3), 3 days (OR 6.77, NNT = 3), and 7 days (OR 4.87, NNT = 4). A standardized mean difference of 0.90 in favor of ketamine was observed at 24 h based on depression rating scale scores, with group comparisons revealing greater efficacy in unipolar depression compared to bipolar depression (1.07 v. 0.68). Ketamine was associated with transient psychotomimetic effects, but no persistent psychosis or affective switches. Conclusion Our meta-analysis suggests that single administrations ketamine are efficacious in the rapid treatment of unipolar and bipolar depression. Additional research is required to determine optimal dosing schedules, route, treatment schedules, and the potential efficacy of other glutamatergic agents.
Incremental-Segment-Based Localization in 3-D Point Clouds

Localization in 3-D point clouds is a highly challenging task due to the complexity associated with extracting information from 3-D data. This letter proposes an incremental approach addressing this problem efficiently. The presented method first accumulates the measurements in a dynamic voxel grid and selectively updates the point normals affected by the insertion. An incremental segmentation algorithm, based on region growing, tracks the evolution of single segments, which enables an efficient recognition strategy using partitioning and caching of geometric consistencies. We show that the incremental method can perform global localization at 10 Hz in an urban driving environment, a speedup of $\times$7.1 over the compared batch solution. The efficiency of the method makes it suitable for applications where real-time localization is required and enables its usage on cheaper low-energy systems. Our implementation is available open source along with instructions for running the system. (The implementation is available at https://github.com/ethz-asl/segmatch and a video demonstration is available at https://youtu.be/cHfs3HLzc2Y .)
Suppression of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3–Dependent B Lymphocyte Terminal Differentiation by Bcl-6

Lymphocytes usually differentiate into effector cells within days after antigen exposure, except in germinal centers where terminal differentiation is delayed while somatic hypermutation creates high-affinity antibody mutants. Here we investigate whether arrest of terminal differentiation can be mediated by BCL-6, a transcriptional repressor that is expressed by germinal center B cells and is required for this phase of B cell development. We find that BCL-6 suppresses the differentiation of transformed and primary B cells to plasma cells by inhibiting the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3–dependent expression of the major regulator of plasma cell development, the B lymphocyte–induced maturation protein (Blimp-1). This function of BCL-6 as a repressor of B lymphocyte differentiation may also underlie the association between chromosomal translocations of its gene and B cell lymphomas.
QUASII: QUery-Aware Spatial Incremental Index

With large-scale simulations of increasingly detailed models and improvement of data acquisition technologies, massive amounts of data are easily and quickly created and collected. Traditional systems require indexes to be built before analytic queries can be executed efficiently. Such an indexing step requires substantial computing resources and introduces a considerable and growing data-to-insight gap where scientists need to wait before they can perform any analysis. Moreover, scientists often only use a small fraction of the data — the parts containing interesting phenomena — and indexing it fully does not always pay off. In this paper we develop a novel incremental index for the exploration of spatial data. Our approach, QUASII, builds a data-oriented index as a side-effect of query execution. QUASII distributes the cost of indexing across all queries, while building the index structure only for the subset of data queried. It reduces data-to-insight time and curbs the cost of incremental indexing by gradually and partially sorting the data, while producing a data-oriented hierarchical structure at the same time. As our experiments show, QUASII reduces the data-to-insight time by up to a factor of 11.4x, while its performance converges to that of the state-of-the-art static indexes.
Game-Theoretical Energy Management for Energy Internet With Big Data-Based Renewable Power Forecasting

Energy internet, as a major trend in power system, can provide an open framework for integrating equipment of energy generation, transmission, storage, consumption, and so on, so that global energy can be managed and controlled efficiently by information and communication technologies. In this paper, we focus on the coordinated management of renewable and traditional energy, which is a typical issue on energy connections. We consider a conventional power system consisting of the utility company, the energy storage company, the microgrid, and electricity users. First, we formulate the energy management problem as a three-stage Stackelberg game, and every player in the electricity market aims to maximize its individual payoff while guaranteeing the system reliability and satisfying users’ electricity demands. We employ the backward induction method to solve the three-stage non-cooperative game problem, and give the closed-form expressions of the optimal strategies for each stage. Next, we study the big data-based power generation forecasting techniques, and introduce a scheme of the wind power forecasting, which can assist the microgrid to make strategies. Furthermore, we prove the properties of the proposed energy management algorithm including the existence and uniqueness of Nash equilibrium and Stackelberg equilibrium. Simulation results show that accurate prediction results of wind power is conducive to better energy management.
Partial Probing for Scaling Overlay Routing

Recent work has demonstrated that path diversity is an effective way to improve the end-to-end performance of network applications. For every node pair in a full-mesh network with n nodes, this paper presents a family of new approaches that efficiently identify an acceptable indirect path that has a similar to or even better performance than the direct path, hence considerably scaling the network at the cost of low per-node traffic overhead. In prior techniques, every node frequently incurs O(n1.5) traffic overhead to probe the links from itself to all other nodes and to broadcast its probing results to a small set of nodes. In contrast, in our approaches, each node measures its links to only O(√n) other nodes and transmits the measuring results to O(√n) other nodes, where the two node sets of size O(√n) are determined by the partial sampling schemes presented in this paper. Mathematical analyses and trace-driven simulations show that our approaches dramatically reduce the per-node traffic overhead to O(n) while maintaining an acceptable backup path for each node pair with high probability. More precisely, our approaches, which are based on enhanced and rotational partial sampling schemes, are capable of increasing said probability to about 65 and 85 percent, respectively. For many network applications, this is sufficiently high such that the increased scalability outweighs such a drawback. In addition, it is not desirable to identify an outstanding backup path for every node pair in reality, due to the variable link quality.
Concurrent suppression of NF‐κB, p38 MAPK and reactive oxygen species formation underlies the effect of a novel compound isolated from Curcuma comosa Roxb. in LPS‐activated microglia

We investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of (3S)‐1‐(3,4‐dihydroxyphenyl)‐7‐phenyl‐(6E)‐6‐hepten‐3‐ol, also known as compound 092, isolated from Curcuma comosa Roxb on the production of pro‐inflammatory mediators and oxidative stress in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‐activated highly aggressive proliferating immortalized (HAPI) microglial cell lines.
Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and psychosocial aspects among dentists-A survey

Background: Musculoskeletal symptoms or disorders among dentists have been major concern in recent years. The most frequent injuries occur in spine (neck and back), shoulders, elbow and hands. In order to summarize, the study describes mainly about the prevalence of work related musculoskeletal disorders among dentists, percentage of affection and prevalence of psychosocial aspects among dentists. Aim and objectives: The aim of the study was to find prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and psychosocial aspects among dentist and among male and female dentists, among age groups (years) of dentists, between right handed and left handed dentists, between four categories of body mass index among dentists, dentists working in private practice, in academics and in both Private practice and academics, under‐ graduate and post‐ graduate level dentists between three categories of clinically experienced dentists between dentists working with assistant and without assistant and to find the prevalence of psychosocial risks among dentists. Materials and methods: To determine prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders by using standardized Nordic questionnaire for analysis of musculoskeletal symptoms and to determine prevalence of psychosocial aspects by using job content questionnaire. Results: Results of the study revealed that there is prevalence of work related musculoskeletal disorders among dentists. Among 463 dentist’s, total percentage of musculoskeletal affection was Farah Riyazuddin Munshi, Edrish Saifee Contractor, Muzammil Munshi. Prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders and psychosocial aspects among dentists A survey. IAIM, 2016; 3(8): 185-192. Page 186 90.7%. The percentage of affection in specific body areas are as follows neck pain 73.8%, Low back 70%, shoulder 62.4%, upper back 23%, elbow 16.7%, hips 14%, ankle 11.2%, knee 7.6%. The prevalence of psychosocial risk was 68%. Conclusion: From this survey, it can be concluded that there was high prevalence of musculoskeletal and psychosocial risk factors among dentists. These work related musculoskeletal disorders can be prevented by correcting awkward posture when working and taking appropriate ergonomic measures.
Estimating Causal Effects of Long-Term PM2.5 Exposure on Mortality in New Jersey

Background: Many studies have reported the associations between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and increased risk of death. However, to our knowledge, none has used a causal modeling approach or controlled for long-term temperature exposure, and few have used a general population sample. Objective: We estimated the causal effects of long-term PM2.5 exposure on mortality and tested the effect modifications by seasonal temperatures, census tract–level socioeconomic variables, and county-level health conditions. Methods: We applied a variant of the difference-in-differences approach, which serves to approximate random assignment of exposure across the population and hence estimate a causal effect. Specifically, we estimated the association between long-term exposure to PM2.5 and mortality while controlling for geographical differences using dummy variables for each census tract in New Jersey, a state-wide time trend using dummy variables for each year from 2004 to 2009, and mean summer and winter temperatures for each tract in each year. This approach assumed that no variable changing differentially over time across space other than seasonal temperatures confounded the association. Results: For each interquartile range (2 μg/m3) increase in annual PM2.5, there was a 3.0% [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.2, 5.9%] increase in all natural-cause mortality for the whole population, with similar results for people > 65 years old [3.5% (95% CI: 0.1, 6.9%)] and people ≤ 65 years old [3.1% (95% CI: –1.8, 8.2%)]. The mean summer temperature and the mean winter temperature in a census tract significantly modified the effects of long-term exposure to PM2.5 on mortality. We observed a higher percentage increase in mortality associated with PM2.5 in census tracts with more blacks, lower home value, or lower median income. Conclusions: Under the assumption of the difference-in-differences approach, we identified a causal effect of long-term PM2.5 exposure on mortality that was modified by seasonal temperatures and ecological socioeconomic status. Citation: Wang Y, Kloog I, Coull BA, Kosheleva A, Zanobetti A, Schwartz JD. 2016. Estimating causal effects of long-term PM2.5 exposure on mortality in New Jersey. Environ Health Perspect 124:1182–1188; http://dx.doi. org/10.1289/ehp.1409671
Using of Video Modeling in Teaching a Simple Meal Preparation Skill for Pupils of Down Syndrome

The current study aimed to identify the impact of video modeling upon teaching three pupils with Down syndrome the skill of preparing a simple meal (sandwich), where the training was conducted in a separate classroom in schools of normal students. The training consisted of (i) watching the video of an intellectually disabled pupil, who is preparing a sandwich of cream cheese; (ii) receiving verbal praise for each step of the training that was performed correctly. The results showed that the pupils mastered the skill of preparing sandwich independently, the skill generalization has been verified and the pupils demonstrated maintenance of the skill 14 days following mastery. Keywords : Dawn syndrome, video modeling, daily living skills