Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
At The Chef’s Table: Culinary Creativity in Elite Restaurants

participation as a progressive force and as a contributing factor to inequality. Francesca Polletta’s chapter on the relationship between deliberation and activism is a stand-out in this regard. And the chapters by Isaac William Martin and by Gianpaolo Baiocchi and Ernesto Ganuza are noteworthy for how they change the focus to an explanation of the social forces that produce the historical trajectories of participatory practices. In so doing they produce satisfying and convincing studies of their respective cases of deliberative assemblies in California and the diffusion of Brazil’s participatory budgeting. As I read the book, I could not help but connect the descriptions of ubiquitous participation to broader cultural beliefs about fairness—that we are all equal and we all have a voice and all our opinions are valid and matter. It seems to me that the increase in participatory governance opportunities both reflects and reinforces an increase in the salience of these cultural beliefs. While participation in governance is a deeply held and long-standing cultural practice, it is the extension in when, how, and who participates that is new. Despite this contemporary trope about participation, we can see in these chapters that the hopes for participatory potential are often falling short. This book is valuable not only for describing this problem, but for empirically and analytically specifying what happens along the way and why there is a disjuncture between aspirations and reality. I very much appreciated that the book roots its argument in empirical research, rather than leaving claims about participation at the level of political theory. I also appreciate the excellent job the final chapter does to identify main themes across the chapters. The book is incredibly timely and deserves attention for its quality of scholarship and for its subject matter. It is an example of how research can both be scholarly and have uses for actors outside of academia. It would make an excellent book for a graduate seminar, although I think it is probably too advanced for most undergraduates. Sociologists in political sociology and beyond will find the book important and useful for enriching their conceptual vocabulary for the study of inequality.
Model diagnostics for smoothing spline ANOVA models

The author proposes some simple diagnostics for assessing the necessity of selected terms in smoothing spline ANOVA models. The elimination of practically insignificant terms generally enhances the interpretability of the estimates and sometimes may also have inferential implications. The diagnostics are derived from Kullback‐Leibler geometry and are illustrated in the settings of regression, probability density estimation, and hazard rate estimation.
Long Term Follow Up of Celiac Disease—Is Atherosclerosis a Problem?

Celiac disease (CD) is a lifelong condition and it often involves impaired nutrition, wide spectrum of symptoms and it requires constant dietetic treatment. The impact of the gluten-free diet on patients’ nutritional status and on the other biochemical parameters is being widely investigated. In this article we looked into particular risk factors that might lead to increased prevalence of atherosclerosis in CD patients, including nutritional status, gluten-free diet, lipids profile and concomitant disease—type 1 diabetes mellitus. Here, we present the current data and research on these risk factors of atherosclerosis with respect to celiac disease.
Hilbert modular forms and p-adic Hodge theory

Abstract For the p-adic Galois representation associated to a Hilbert modular form, Carayol has shown that, under a certain assumption, its restriction to the local Galois group at a finite place not dividing p is compatible with the local Langlands correspondence. Under the same assumption, we show that the same is true for the places dividing p, in the sense of p-adic Hodge theory, as is shown for an elliptic modular form. We also prove that the monodromy-weight conjecture holds for such representations.
The Educational Value Of Post-Take Ward Rounds For Senior Trainees

Background The educational value of post-take ward rounds (PTWRs) is an under-researched area of postgraduate medical education. Objective We investigated perceptions of this activity amongst higher specialty trainees. Methods The project was conducted in a large district general hospital in London, UK. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected to establish opinions of the PTWR amongst higher specialty trainees in medicine. Eighteen senior trainees were eligible to participate. Of these, 14 (78%) responded to our questionnaire and 4 were selected by purposive sampling to participate in semi-structured interviews. Results Most trainees felt that the focus of PTWRs was service provision with little time devoted to teaching (79% of respondents) and that feedback was rarely provided (71% of respondents). Trainees commented on learning opportunities available on PTWRs, as well as consultant behaviour they considered valuable. The main barriers to teaching and learning were time pressures, workload, interruptions, management (rather than patient assessment) focus, lack of follow-up of cases and feedback. The data included useful suggestions for improving the educational value of PTWRs. Conclusions PTWRs are currently a wasted educational opportunity. Radical change to organisation and practice will be necessary to address this. There will be resource implications.
Generation of Reactive Oxygen Species during Apoptosis Induced by DNA-Damaging Agents and/or Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors

Reactive oxygen species play an important role in the process of apoptosis in many cell types. In this paper, we analyzed the role of ROS in DNA-damaging agents (actinomycin D or decitabine), which induced apoptosis of leukemia cell line CML-T1 and normal peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). The possibility of synergism with histone deacetylase inhibitors butyrate or SAHA is also reported. We found that in cancer cell line, ROS production significantly contributed to apoptosis triggering, while in normal lymphocytes treated by cytostatic or cytotoxic drugs, necrosis as well as apoptosis occurred and large heterogeneity of ROS production was measured. Combined treatment with histone deacetylase inhibitor did not potentiate actinomycin D action, whereas combination of decitabine and SAHA brought synergistic ROS generation and apoptotic features in CML cell line. Appropriate decrease of cell viability indicated promising therapeutic potential of this combination in CML, but side effects on normal PBL should be taken into attention.
Descemetic and Predescemetic DALK in Keratoconus Patients: A Clinical and Confocal Perspective Study

Purpose. To evaluate the clinical outcomes and in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) features of keratoconus patients who underwent deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK). Methods. DALK was performed using the big bubble technique in all the patients. If the bubble was not successful to bare the descemet membrane, a manual dissection layer-by layer was performed to expose a deep stromal plane close to the DM. The patients were divided in two groups depending on the intraoperative baring of the descemet membrane: predescemetic DALK (PD-DALK) and descemetic DALK (D-DALK) group. Results. One month after surgery the D-DALK patients show an increase of mean BCVA. In the PD-DALK group mean BCVA did not show significant improvement as compared to preoperative values. At 6 months after surgery mean BCVA was found to be similar in both groups. At 1 month IVCM the peak of reflectivity of the interface was lower in D-DALK group compared to PD-DALK. At 6 months the values of reflectivity were comparable. Conclusions. At 1 month D-DALK seems to lead to a minor interface reflectivity and to a better BCVA; these differences disappear after 6 months and the values of interface reflectivity and BCVA are comparable between D-DALK and PD-DALK.
Tight versus Loose Organizational Coupling within Inter-Firm Networks in the Enterprise Software Industry - The Perspective of Complementors

Facilitated by new standards and middleware technologies, enterprise application software is increasingly characterized by a high degree of modularity. On an organizational level, this is reflected by the goal of dominant system vendors (hubs) to form loosely-coupled hub-and-spoke networks with smaller niche players (spokes) that complement their solutions. This paper aims at explaining differences regarding the extent to which spokes strive for loosely-coupled partnerships as opposed to closely-tied relationships with a particular hub. The type of coupling is indicated by the level of hub-specific investments and the application of informal governance mechanisms. Following existing theory, the synergistic specificity between the partners’ technological, commercial, and social capital is suggested to determine the aspired type of coupling. Moreover, it is argued that a tighter coupling leads to an increased threat of opportunism. However, instead of loosening the partnership, spokes tie themselves even closer to the hub.
Reactive Astrocytes in Glial Scar Attract Olfactory Ensheathing Cells Migration by Secreted TNF-α in Spinal Cord Lesion of Rat

Background After spinal cord injury (SCI), the formation of glial scar contributes to the failure of injured adult axons to regenerate past the lesion. Increasing evidence indicates that olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) implanted into spinal cord are found to migrate into the lesion site and induce axons regeneration beyond glial scar and resumption of functions. However, little is known about the mechanisms of OECs migrating from injection site to glial scar/lesion site. Methods and Findings In the present study, we identified a link between OECs migration and reactive astrocytes in glial scar that was mediated by the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). Initially, the Boyden chamber migration assay showed that both glial scar tissue and reactive astrocyte-conditioned medium promoted OECs migration in vitro. Reactive astrocyte-derived TNF-α and its type 1 receptor TNFR1 expressed on OECs were identified to be responsible for the promoting effect on OECs migration. TNF-α-induced OECs migration was demonstrated depending on activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling cascades. Furthermore, TNF-α secreted by reactive astrocytes in glial scar was also showed to attract OECs migration in a spinal cord hemisection injury model of rat. Conclusions These findings showed that TNF-α was released by reactive astrocytes in glial scar and attracted OECs migration by interacting with TNFR1 expressed on OECs via regulation of ERK signaling. This migration-attracting effect of reactive astrocytes on OECs may suggest a mechanism for guiding OECs migration into glial scar, which is crucial for OECs-mediated axons regrowth beyond the spinal cord lesion site.
Gaussian approximation for the downlink interference in heterogeneous cellular networks

This paper derives Gaussian approximation bounds for the standardized aggregate wireless interference (AWI) in the downlink of dense K-tier heterogenous cellular networks when base stations in each tier are distributed over the plane according to a (possibly non-homogeneous) Poisson process. The proposed methodology is general enough to account for general bounded path-loss models and fading statistics. The deviations of the distribution of the standardized AWI from the standard normal distribution are measured in terms of the Kolmogorov-Smirnov distance. An explicit expression bounding the Kolmogorov-Smirnov distance between these two distributions is obtained as a function of a broad range of network parameters such as per-tier transmission power levels, base station locations, fading statistics and the path-loss model. A simulation study is performed to corroborate the analytical results. In particular, a good statistical match between the standardized AWI distribution and its normal approximation occurs even for moderately dense heterogenous cellular networks. These results are expected to have important ramifications for the characterization of performance upper and lower bounds for emerging 5G network architectures.
The N 2 D + /N 2 H + ratio as an evolutionary tracer of Class 0 protostars. ⋆

Context. Deuterated ions, especially H2D + and N2D + , are abundant in cold (∼ 10 K), dense (∼ 10 5 cm −3 ) regions, in which CO is frozen out onto dust grains. In such environments, the N2D + /N2H + ratio can exceed the elemental abundance ratio of D/H by a factor of≃ 10 4 . Aims. We use the deuterium fractionation to investigate the evolutionary state of Class 0 protostars. In particular, we expec t the N2D + /N2H + ratio to decrease as temperature (a sign of the evolution of t he protostar) increases. Methods. We observed N2H + 1-0, N2D + 1-0, 2-1 and 3-2, C 18 O 1-0 and HCO + 3-2 in a sample of 20 Class 0 and borderline Class 0/I protostars. We determined the deuteration fraction and searched for correlations between the N2D + /N2H + ratio and well-established evolutionary tracers, such as TDust and the CO depletion factor. In addition, we compared the observational result with a chemical model. Results. In our protostellar sample, the N2H + 1-0 optical depths are significantly lower than those found i n prestellar cores, but the N2H + column densities are comparable, which can be explained by the higher temperature and larger line width in protostellar cores. The deuterium fractionation of N2H + in protostellar cores is also similar to that in prestellar c ores. We found a clear correlation between the N2D + /N2H + ratio and evolutionary tracers. As expected, the coolest, i.e. th e youngest, objects show the largest deuterium fractionation. Furthermore, we find that sources with a high N2D + /N2H + ratio show clear indication for infall (e.g.δv 0.15 even in the most evolved objects. Conclusions. The N2D + /N2H + ratio is known to trace the evolution of prestellar cores; we show that this ratio can be used to trace core evolution even after star formation. Protostars with an N 2D + /N2H + ratio above 0.15 are in a stage shortly after the beginning of collapse. Later on, deuterium fractionation decreases until it reaches a va lue of∼ 0.03 at the Class 0/I borderline.
Exercise-Mediated Wall Shear Stress Increases Mitochondrial Biogenesis in Vascular Endothelium

Objective Enhancing structural and functional integrity of mitochondria is an emerging therapeutic option against endothelial dysfunction. In this study, we sought to investigate the effect of fluid shear stress on mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial respiratory function in endothelial cells (ECs) using in vitro and in vivo complementary studies. Methods and Results Human aortic- or umbilical vein-derived ECs were exposed to laminar shear stress (20 dyne/cm2) for various durations using a cone-and-plate shear apparatus. We observed significant increases in the expression of key genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis and mitochondrial quality control as well as mtDNA content and mitochondrial mass under the shear stress conditions. Mitochondrial respiratory function was enhanced when cells were intermittently exposed to laminar shear stress for 72 hrs. Also, shear-exposed cells showed diminished glycolysis and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). Likewise, in in vivo experiments, mice that were subjected to a voluntary wheel running exercise for 5 weeks showed significantly higher mitochondrial content determined by en face staining in the conduit (greater and lesser curvature of the aortic arch and thoracic aorta) and muscle feed (femoral artery) arteries compared to the sedentary control mice. Interestingly, however, the mitochondrial biogenesis was not observed in the mesenteric artery. This region-specific adaptation is likely due to the differential blood flow redistribution during exercise in the different vessel beds. Conclusion Taken together, our findings suggest that exercise enhances mitochondrial biogenesis in vascular endothelium through a shear stress-dependent mechanism. Our findings may suggest a novel mitochondrial pathway by which a chronic exercise may be beneficial for vascular function.
Fingerprints of exceptional points in the survival probability of resonances in atomic spectra

The unique time signature of the survival probability exactly at the exceptional point parameters is studied here for the hydrogen atom in strong static magnetic and electric fields. We show that indeed the survival probability S(t)=| |{sup 2} decays exactly as |1-at|{sup 2}e{sup -{Gamma}{sub E}{sub P}t/({Dirac_h}/2{pi})}, where {Gamma}{sub EP} is associated with the decay rate at the exceptional point and a is a complex constant depending solely on the initial wave packet that populates exclusively the two almost degenerate states of the non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. This may open the possibility for a first experimental detection of exceptional points in a quantum system.
The Processing of Visual Shape in the Cerebral Cortex of Human and Nonhuman Primates: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study

We compared neural substrates of two-dimensional shape processing in human and nonhuman primates using functional magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in awake subjects. The comparison of MR activity evoked by viewing intact and scrambled images of objects revealed shape-sensitive regions in occipital, temporal, and parietal cortex of both humans and macaques. Intraparietal cortex in monkeys was relatively more two-dimensional shape sensitive than that of humans. In both species, there was an interaction between scrambling and type of stimuli (grayscale images and drawings), but the effect of stimulus type was much stronger in monkeys than in humans. Shape- and motion-sensitive regions overlapped to some degree. However, this overlap was much more marked in humans than in monkeys. The shape-sensitive regions can be used to constrain the warping of monkey to human cortex and suggest a large expansion of lateral parietal and superior temporal cortex in humans compared with monkeys.
Binding of a Monoclonal Antibody to Sporozoites of Sarcocystis singaporensis Enhances Escape from the Parasitophorous Vacuole, Which Is Necessary for Intracellular Development

ABSTRACT Early intracellular development in vitro of the cyst-forming protozoon Sarcocystis singaporensis and the influence of a monoclonal antibody on invasion, intracellular localization, and development of sporozoites were studied. As revealed by immunofluorescence using parasite-specific antibodies which labeled the parasitophorous vacuole membrane (PVM) and by ultrastructural analysis, sporozoites invaded pneumonocytes of the rat via formation of a parasitophorous vacuole (PV). About half of the sporozoites left this compartment within the first 8 h postinfection to enter the host cell cytosol. By semiquantitative analysis of acetyl-histone H4 expression of sporozoites, a marker linked to early gene expression of eukaryotic cells, we show (supported by ultrastructural analysis) that escape from the PV appears to be necessary for early intracellular development. More than 90% of sporozoites located in the cytosol expressed high levels of acetylated histone H4 in the nucleus, whereas only a quarter of the intravacuolar sporozoites exhibited a similar signal. As revealed by ultrastructural analysis, young schizonts all resided in the cytosol. Specific binding of a monoclonal antibody (11D5/H3) to sporozoites before invasion significantly enhanced their escape from the PV, whereas cell invasion itself remained unaffected. The antibody actually increased proliferation of the parasites in vitro, providing a further link between residence in the cytosol and successful intracellular development. Monoclonal antibody 11D5/H3 precipitated a major 58-kDa antigen from oocyst-sporocyst extracts and reacted with the cytoplasm and the surface of sporozoites in immunofluorescence assays. Collectively, the observed antibody-parasite interaction suggests the existence of a signaling event that influences intracellular development of Sarcocystis.
TastyBeats: Designing Palatable Representations of Physical Activity

In this paper, we introduce palatable representations that besides improving the understanding of physical activity through abstract visualization also provide an appetizing drink to celebrate the experience of being physically active. By designing such palatable representations, our aim is to offer novel opportunities for reflection on one's physical activities. We present TastyBeats, a fountain-based interactive system that creates a fluidic spectacle of mixing sport drinks based on heart rate data of physical activity, which the user can later consume to replenish the loss of body fluids due to the physical activity. We articulate our experiences in designing the system as well as learning gained through field deployments of the system in participants' homes for a period of two weeks. We found that our system increased participants' awareness of physical activity and facilitated a shared social experience, while the prepared drink was treated as a hedonic reward that motivated participants to exercise more. Ultimately, with this work, we aim to inspire and guide design thinking on palatable representations, which we believe opens up new interaction possibilities to support physical activity experience.
MASCOT: Memory-efficient and Accurate Sampling for Counting Local Triangles in Graph Streams

How can we estimate local triangle counts accurately in a graph stream without storing the whole graph? The local triangle counting which counts triangles for each node in a graph is a very important problem with wide applications in social network analysis, anomaly detection, web mining, etc. In this paper, we propose MASCOT, a memory-efficient and accurate method for local triangle estimation in a graph stream based on edge sampling. To develop MASCOT, we first present two naive local triangle counting algorithms in a graph stream: MASCOT-C and MASCOT-A. MASCOT-C is based on constant edge sampling, and MASCOT-A improves its accuracy by utilizing more memory spaces. MASCOT achieves both accuracy and memory-efficiency of the two algorithms by an unconditional triangle counting for a new edge, regardless of whether it is sampled or not. In contrast to the existing algorithm which requires prior knowledge on the target graph and appropriately set parameters, MASCOT requires only one simple parameter, the edge sampling probability. Through extensive experiments, we show that for the same number of edges sampled, MASCOT provides the best accuracy compared to the existing algorithm as well as MASCOT-C and MASCOT-A. Thanks to MASCOT, we also discover interesting anomalous patterns in real graphs, like core-peripheries in the web and ambiguous author names in DBLP.
Comparative evaluation of the academic performance of single sex and co-educational secondary school students in Ibadan, South West Nigeria

This study compared the performance levels of students of single-sex schools against coeducational schools at the end of the third year of senior secondary education in Ibadan, South West Nigeria. Three hypotheses were tested using primary data gathered from Multilevel analysis which was carried out on a sample of approximately 300 secondary school students divided into 150 for single sex schools and 150 for co-educational schools, and secondary data from the West African school Certificate examination for the selected schools for year 2008 and 2009. The results indicate that there is a significant difference between the academic performances of the students of co-educational schools and single sex schools, with the students in the single-sex secondary schools performing better than their counterparts in coeducational schools. Results were however not significantly different for gender-based evaluation of academic performances of the schooling types. The study therefore recommends that students irrespective of the schooling types in which they might find themselves be given equal opportunities and encouraged to attain excellence.