Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
grAndiose nArcissism versus vulnerAble nArcissism in threAtening situAtions: emotionAl reActions to Achievement FAilure And interPersonAl rejection

This study compared grandiose narcissism and vulnerable narcissism in terms of emotional reactions to threats involving achievement failure and interpersonal rejection. it was hypothesized that grandiose narcissism is associated with vulner ability to achievement setbacks. in contrast, vulnerable narcissism involves sensitivity to shaming interpersonal experiences. a randomized experimental 2-wave design was used with a community sample of 448 participants. each participant was asked to imagine 1 of 4 randomly assigned hypothetical scenarios intended to evoke the threat of high- (n = 117) or low- (n = 105) level interpersonal rejection; or high- (n = 108) or low- (n = 118) level achievement failure. according to this study’s findings, in the high achievement-threat group, but not in the high interpersonal-threat group, grandiose narcissism significantly predicted greater change in negative outcomes. in contrast, in the face of a high-level interpersonal threat, but not a high-level achievement-threat, high levels of vulnerable nar cissism were significantly associated with greater change in negative outcomes. These findings illustrate how different types of threatening situations vary in their relevance to grandiose narcissism as compared to vulnerable narcissism.
The Utility, Acceptability, and Practicality of Functional Behavioral Assessment for Students with High-Incidence Problem Behaviors

The 1997 Individuals with Disabilities Education Act Amendments require the use of functional behavioral assessment (FBA) and positive behavioral interventions and supports for students with disabilities who are the subject of formal disciplinary actions. FBA has been represented by different terms and associated procedures such as functional analysis, functional assessment, brief functional assessment, and descriptive analysis. However, much of the FBA research has focused on children with severe developmental disorders in clinical settings. In this article, we review the available FBA research conducted with students with high-incidence behavior problems in school settings to examine its utility (i.e., effectiveness), acceptability (i.e., social validity), and practicality (i.e., whether FBA can be conducted by direct service providers in a timely manner). The findings and directions for future research are discussed.
An experimental study of an audio indexing system for the web

We have developed a speech recognition based audio search engine for indexing spoken documents found on the World Wide Web. Our site (http://www.compaq.com/speechbot) indexes around 20 news and talk radio shows covering a wide range of topics, speaking styles and acoustic conditions from a selection of public Web sites with multimedia archives. In this paper, we describe our system and its performance, focusing on the speech recognition and retrieval aspects. We describe our training procedure in some detail and report our historical error rate since the site launch. We also investigate the impact of Out Of Vocabulary (OOV) words. Finally we report the results of retrieval experiments which demonstrate that our system can index effectively.
National Culture and the Values of Organizational Employees

The values of 8,841 managers and organization employees from 43 countries were surveyed. The range of nations included paralleled many of those surveyed by Hofstede (1980) but added also substantial samples from ex-communist nations. Questionnaire items focused primarily on measures of universalism-particularism, achievement-ascription, and individualism-collectivism. Multidimensional scaling of country means revealed three interpretable dimensions. The relation of these dimensions to the results of earlier large-scale surveys and to a variety of demographic indexes is explored. It is found that there are continuing substantial differences in modal cultural values of organization employees and that these are largely consistent with differences reported by others. The present results suggest that the dimensions defined by Hofstede as individualism-collectivism and power distance may be better defined as representing varying orientations toward continuity of group membership (loyal involvement/ utilitarian involvement) and varying orientations toward the obligations of social relationship (conservatism/egalitarian commitment).
Determinants of Self-Care in Diabetic Patients Based on Health Belief Model

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine self-care predictors in diabetic patients based on health belief model. Materials and Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted on 110 diabetic patients referred to health service centers in Ardakan city, Yazd, Iran. The data was collected by a questionnaire including perceived benefits, barriers, severity, susceptibility, self-efficacy, social support, self-care behaviors and demographic variables. Results: Regularly medicine use (mean= 6.48 times per week) and shoes checking (mean= 1.17 times per week) were reported as the highest and the lowest self-care behaviors respectively. Health belief model constructs including perceived benefits, barriers, severity, susceptibility, self-efficacy and social support predicted 33.5% of the observed variance of self-care behaviors. Perceived susceptibility and self-efficacy had positive effect on self-care behavior; whereas perceived barrier’s has negative effect. Self-efficacy, perceived susceptibility and barriers were most powerful predictor respectively. Conclusion: The findings approved the efficiency of health belief model in prediction of self-care behaviors among diabetic patients. The findings realized the health belief model structure; therefore, it can be used as a framework for designing and implementing educational interventions in diabetes control plans.
Neuronal Integration of Synaptic Input in the Fluctuation-Driven Regime

During sensory stimulation, visual cortical neurons undergo massive synaptic bombardment. This increases their input conductance, and action potentials mainly result from membrane potential fluctuations. To understand the response properties of neurons operating in this regime, we studied a model neuron with synaptic inputs represented by transient membrane conductance changes. We show that with a simultaneous increase of excitation and inhibition, the firing rate first increases, reaches a maximum, and then decreases at higher input rates. Comodulation of excitation and inhibition, therefore, does not provide a straightforward way of controlling the neuronal firing rate, in contrast to coding mechanisms postulated previously. The synaptically induced conductance increase plays a key role in this effect: it decreases firing rate by shunting membrane potential fluctuations, and increases it by reducing the membrane time constant, allowing for faster membrane potential transients. These findings do not depend on details of the model and, hence, are relevant to cells of other cortical areas as well.
A Randomized Controlled Trial on the Efficacy of Exercise for Patients With Chronic Neck Pain

Study Design. A randomized controlled trial with single-blind outcome assessments. Objective. To evaluate the efficacy of a neck exercise program in patients with chronic neck pain. Summary of Background Data. The effect of exercise for patients with chronic neck pain has been investigated in a number of studies. The efficacy is, however, questionable. Methods. A total of 145 patients were randomly allocated into an exercise (n = 67) and a nonexercise (control) group (n = 78). Patients in the control group were given infrared irradiation and neck care advice. In addition to infrared irradiation and advice, patients in the exercise group had undergone an exercise program with activation of the deep neck muscles and dynamic strengthening of the neck muscles for 6 weeks. Subjective pain and disability and isometric neck muscle strength were measured at baseline, 6 weeks, and 6 months. Analysis was by intention-to-treat. Results. At week 6, the exercise group had a significantly better improvement in disability score (P = 0.03), subjective report of pain (P = 0.01), and in isometric neck muscle strength (P = 0.57–0.00) in most of the directions than the control group. However, significant differences between the two groups were found only in the subjective report of pain and patient satisfaction at the 6-month follow-up. Conclusions. At week 6, patients with chronic neck pain can benefit from the neck exercise program with significant improvement in disability, pain, and isometric neck muscle strength in different directions. However, the effect of exercise was less favorable at 6 months.
MYOPATHY AND NEUROPATHY IN CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in countries where tobacco consumption is high. Myopathy and neuropathy are known to accompany frequently and usually complicate COPD, worsening the quality of life and possibly the prognosis of patients. The exact impact of myopathy and neuropathy on respiratory muscle functions, lung function tests, arterial blood gases and survival of patients is still unknown. Several studies have been conducted to determine the factors that are responsible for neuropathy and myopathy in COPD patients. Smoking, hypoxia, malnutrition, age, drugs and metabolic derangements have been blamed for causing neuropathy (1-13). And cardiac failure, a sedentary life style, malnutrition, hypoxia, hypercapnia, acidosis, ethanol and drugs were blamed to cause muscle weakness (14,15,16). Also papers have been published which examine the epidemiological properties, pulmonary functions and arterial blood gases of myopathic COPD patients who used steroids and who did not (16,17,18). Other studies examined the histological features and electrophysiologic properties of the myopathy and neuropathy seen in COPD patients (19-24). It has been suggested that the myopathy in COPD patients, especially when related to steroid usage is a generalized one, and affects not only the peripheral muscles, but also the respiratory muscles (25). It was also suggested that myopathy may be a factor predictive of survival in COPD patients (16) . The purpose of this study was to determine the ratio of myopathy and neuropathy in our COPD patients, the clinical characteristics of our neuropathic and myopathic patients and to determine the importance of detecting the presence of myopathy and neuropathy by determining their influence on the progression of COPD. This study was conducted to examine epidemiological properties, nutritional status, pulmonary functions, respiratory muscle functions, arterial blood gases, steroid usage and survival of myopathic and neuropathic COPD patients and compare them to electrophysiologically normal COPD patients. The findings about the survival of patients will be reported after five years of followup.
Convolutional Neural Network Based Semantic Tagging with Entity Embeddings

Unsupervised word embeddings provide rich linguistic and conceptual information about words. However, they may provide weak information about domain specific semantic relations for certain tasks such as semantic parsing of natural language queries, where such information about words or phrases can be valuable. To encode the prior knowledge about the semantic word relations, we extended the neural network based lexical word embedding objective function by incorporating the information about relationship between entities that we extract from knowledge bases [1]. In this paper, we focus on the semantic tagging of conversational utterances as our end task and we investigate two different ways of using these embeddings: as additional features to a linear sequence learning method, Conditional Random Fields (CRF), and as initial embeddings to a convolutional neural networks based CRF model (CNN-CRF) with shared feature layers and globally normalized sequence modeling components. While we obtain an average of 2% improvement in F-score compared to the previous baselines when the enriched embeddings are used as additional features for CRF models, we obtain slightly more gains when the embeddings are used as initial word representations for the CNN-based CRF models.
THE PARADOX OF POPULARITY: How young people experience the news

In a world of increasing information supply, the nature and experience of information is bound to change. This becomes evident first among members of the new generation. If previously individuals in this age group were expected to turn to a more mainstream pattern of news consumption once they grew older, this article provides more detailed insight into the conditions, circumstances and processes that suggest a radical break with this traditional pattern. Young people are not so much looking for “news” and information as ends in themselves, but rather as the basis for conversation topics, inspiration, a sense of belonging and meaning to their life. Although news is important in the life of young adults (15–25), they hardly watch it. If they do not want news to be made deliberately more entertaining because it would imply that news is no longer (important) news, many of them still claim to watch news-like programs because they find them entertaining. The double viewing paradox involved here is that their s.
Tuberculosis among Health-Care Workers in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review

Background The risk of transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from patients to health-care workers (HCWs) is a neglected problem in many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Most health-care facilities in these countries lack resources to prevent nosocomial transmission of tuberculosis (TB). Methods and Findings We conducted a systematic review to summarize the evidence on the incidence and prevalence of latent TB infection (LTBI) and disease among HCWs in LMICs, and to evaluate the impact of various preventive strategies that have been attempted. To identify relevant studies, we searched electronic databases and journals, and contacted experts in the field. We identified 42 articles, consisting of 51 studies, and extracted data on incidence, prevalence, and risk factors for LTBI and disease among HCWs. The prevalence of LTBI among HCWs was, on average, 54% (range 33% to 79%). Estimates of the annual risk of LTBI ranged from 0.5% to 14.3%, and the annual incidence of TB disease in HCWs ranged from 69 to 5,780 per 100,000. The attributable risk for TB disease in HCWs, compared to the risk in the general population, ranged from 25 to 5,361 per 100,000 per year. A higher risk of acquiring TB disease was associated with certain work locations (inpatient TB facility, laboratory, internal medicine, and emergency facilities) and occupational categories (radiology technicians, patient attendants, nurses, ward attendants, paramedics, and clinical officers). Conclusions In summary, our review demonstrates that TB is a significant occupational problem among HCWs in LMICs. Available evidence reinforces the need to design and implement simple, effective, and affordable TB infection-control programs in health-care facilities in these countries.
Digital fingerprinting codes: problem statements, constructions, identification of traitors

We consider a general fingerprinting problem of digital data under which coalitions of users can alter or erase some bits in their copies in order to create an illegal copy. Each user is assigned a fingerprint which is a word in a fingerprinting code of size M (the total number of users) and length n. We present binary fingerprinting codes secure against size-t coalitions which enable the distributor (decoder) to recover at least one of the users from the coalition with probability of error exp(-/spl Omega/(n)) for M=exp(/spl Omega/(n)). This is an improvement over the best known schemes that provide the error probability no better than exp(-/spl Omega/(n/sup 1/2/)) and for this probability support at most exp(O(n/sup 1/2/)) users. The construction complexity of codes is polynomial in n. We also present versions of these constructions that afford identification algorithms of complexity poly(n)=polylog(M), improving over the best previously known complexity of /spl Omega/(M). For the case t=2, we construct codes of exponential size with even stronger performance, namely, for which the distributor can either recover both users from the coalition with probability 1-exp(/spl Omega/(n)), or identify one traitor with probability 1.
Probabilistic Soft Logic for Semantic Textual Similarity

Probabilistic Soft Logic (PSL) is a recently developed framework for probabilistic logic. We use PSL to combine logical and distributional representations of natural-language meaning, where distributional information is represented in the form of weighted inference rules. We apply this framework to the task of Semantic Textual Similarity (STS) (i.e. judging the semantic similarity of naturallanguage sentences), and show that PSL gives improved results compared to a previous approach based on Markov Logic Networks (MLNs) and a purely distributional approach.
The amino-terminal region of the retinoblastoma gene product binds a novel nuclear matrix protein that co-localizes to centers for RNA processing

The tumor suppressing capacity of the retinoblastoma protein (p110RB) is dependent on interactions made with cellular proteins through its carboxy-terminal domains. How the p110RB amino-terminal region contributes to this activity is unclear, though evidence now indicates it is important for both growth suppression and regulation of the full- length protein. We have used the yeast two-hybrid system to screen for cellular proteins which bind to the first 300 amino acids of p110RB. The only gene isolated from this screen encodes a novel 84-kD nuclear matrix protein that localizes to subnuclear regions associated with RNA processing. This protein, p84, requires a structurally defined domain in the amino terminus of p110RB for binding. Furthermore, both in vivo and in vitro experiments demonstrate that p84 binds preferentially to the functionally active, hypophosphorylated form of p110RB. Thus, the amino terminus of p110RB may function in part to facilitate the binding of growth promoting factors at subnuclear regions actively involved in RNA metabolism.
Schema Therapy for Forensic Patients with Personality Disorders: Design and Preliminary Findings of a Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial in the Netherlands

According to Dutch Law, patients committing severe crimes justifying imprisonment of four years or more who cannot be held (fully) accountable for these acts can be sentenced to compulsory hospitalization in a specialized TBS hospital in the Netherlands. In the current paper, the effects of TBS treatment will be addressed in terms of recidivism numbers after termination of TBS treatment, as well as in behavioral changes that are observed during admission to TBS hospitals. Although these results offer some indirect support suggesting that TBS is effective, no randomized controlled trials had been conducted up until now that could confirm this. In the current study, preliminary results are reported from a multicenter randomized clinical trial on the effectiveness of Schema Therapy (ST) for hospitalized TBS patients with Antisocial, Borderline, Narcissistic, or Paranoid Personality Disorders, including those with high levels of psychopathy. Patients at seven TBS clinics were randomly assigned to receive three years of either ST or Treatment As Usual (TAU), and are being assessed on several outcome variables, such as recidivism risk (HCR-20, START), personality disorder symptoms (SIDP-IV, SNAP), and successful re-integration into the community. A three-year follow-up study will examine actual recidivism. One hundred and two patients are participating in the study. The preliminary findings from the first 30 patients to complete the three-year study suggest that ST is yielding better outcomes than TAU with regard to reducing recidivism risk and promoting re-entry into the community. These findings are not yet statistically significant, and thus need to be interpreted with caution until confirmed in our complete sample and follow up. However, they suggest that ST may be a promising treatment for offenders with personality disorders, including some psychopathic ones.
Biomechanical Studies on Running the 400 M Hurdles

Purpose. biomechanical research conducted on hurdling are the basis for analysis of technique used in running disciplines. However, the 400 m hurdle run is an athletic discipline rarely subjected to individual biomechanical study. The aim of this study was to introduce the various forms of biomechanical studies on this difficult-to-quantify athletic event. Methods. In this study, 64 biomechanical articles were assessed, each covering various topics such as kinematics, dynamics, accelometrics and rhythm knowledge in the both the men’s and women’s 400 m hurdles. This was conducted with regard to the specificity of studies on the 400 m hurdles, including their types, methods and difficulties. The characteristics of the study were divided, among others, into: physiological effort, centrifugal force, dynamics of movement, stride rhythm, the level of abilities, laterality and type of body build. Results. Numerous sources allowed the creation of a general outline of present biomechanical studies. Conclusions. Within the context of the conducted analysis on the present state of biomechanical analysis on the 400 m hurdles, a number of basic principles were outlined that could determine the effectiveness of future research possibilities for scientists on the 400 m hurdles.
A global analysis of the determinants of alien geographical range size in birds

Aim Determining the causes of range size variation in the distributions of alien species is important for understanding the spread of invasive species. Factors influencing alien range size have been explored for some species at a regional level, but to date there has been no global analysis of an entire class. Here, we present such an analysis for birds, testing for the effects of introduction event, location and species-level variables on alien range sizes. Location Global. Methods We used a novel dataset on the global distributions of alien bird species to test for relationships between alien range size and colonization pressure, residence time, extent of the global climatic niche, native range size, body mass and specialization, using a statistical approach based on phylogenetic generalized least squares models. We performed this analysis globally, and for separate biogeographical realms. Results Approximately half of the variation in alien bird range size is explained by colonization pressure in univariate analysis. We identified consistent effects of higher colonization pressure at global and realm levels, as well as support for effects of native range size and residence time. We found less support for effects of body mass, specialization or extent of the global climatic niche on alien range size. Main conclusions Alien bird range sizes are generally small relative to their native range sizes, and many are continuing to expand. Nevertheless, current variation is predictable, most strongly by the event-level factor of colonization pressure. Whether a species is widespread is a better predictor of alien range size than whether a species could be widespread (estimated by global climatic niche extent), while we also find effects of residence time on alien range size. These relationships may help to identify those alien species that are more likely to spread and hence have greater environmental and economic impacts where they have been introduced.