Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Erim Report Series Research in Management How the Impact of Integration of Marketing and R&d Differs Depending on a Firm's Resources and Its Strategic Scope Bibliographic Data and Classifications

Increasing the integration of marketing and R&D is widely recognized as an approach to improve the new product performance (NPP) of companies. However, empirical evidence for the positive effect of integration on NPP, especially at the corporate level, is mixed. This study provides a comprehensive theoretical underpinning of the conditions that influence the benefits that can be obtained from more integration. A model of the effect of integration on NPP, in conjunction with a company's resources and strategic scope, is developed and tested with data from a worldwide sample of companies in the pharmaceutical industry (n = 148). Our results show that the effect of integration is indeed dependent on the situation. In particular it depends on the company's underlying resources (i.e., specialized knowledge and assets): integration multiplies the positive effect of resources on NPP. The strength of the multiplication effect is in turn dependent on strategic scope. It is strong if the strategic scope is narrow, i.e., for companies with selective products in a few market segments. Our results imply that, when trying to improve NPP, management should not invariably think of increasing integration. Instead, they should evaluate the company's resource (dis)advantages, its strategic scope, and the level of integration. If the company scores low on resources, increasing integration should not be a high priority. Additionally, integration is most important for companies with a narrow strategic scope where the interdependency between marketing and R&D is relatively strong.
Homosociability and Homosexuality

This article analyses the biographical and contextual elements favouring the involvement of female athletes playing high-level team sports in homosexual practices, a recurring issue in the sporting arena. The study takes place in the world of soccer, archetype in France — along with rugby— of a male-oriented, homophobic sociability that is unfavourable to feminization of the sport. Based on in-depth interviews and on a long observation period, this study contributes to the current scientific debate regarding the construction of identity, notably gender identity. It focuses in particular on Becker and Goffman's work on the process of normative construction. We first point out the role of female-team homosociability in the acquisition of knowledge that facilitates involvement in homosexual practices. Next, we discuss the biographical life routes — either circumstantial or relatively permanent — that tend to favour homosexuality.
Completeness of category-based equational deduction

Equational deduction is generalised within a category-based abstract model theory framework, and proved complete under a hypothesis of quantifier projectivity, using a semantic treatment that regards quantifiers as models rather than variables, and valuations as model morphisms rather than functions. Applications include many- and order-sorted (conditional) equational logics, Horn clause logic, equational deduction modulo a theory, constraint logics, and more, as well as any possible combination among them. In the cases of equational deduction modulo a theory and of constraint logic the completeness result is new. One important consequence is an abstract version of Herbrand's Theorem, which provides an abstract model theoretic foundation for equational and constraint logic programming.
Testing causal models of job characteristics and employee well-being: A replication study using cross-lagged structural equation modelling

This study re-evaluated causal relationships between job characteristics (demands, autonomy, social support) and employee well-being (job satisfaction, emotional exhaustion) in a methodological replication of De Jonge et al. 's (2001) two-wave panel study. The principal difference was the 2-year time lag between measurements in this study versus a 1-year time lag in the original study. Three competing causal models were compared: regular causation (job characteristics influence well-being); reverse causation (well-being influences job characteristics); and reciprocal causation (combining regular and reverse causation). As in the original study, regular causation offered the best account. Regarding specific longitudinal paths there were some between-study differences, which are considered in relation to exposure-time models of stressor-strain relations.
What Does the Belief in a Just World Protect Us From: The Dread of Death or the Fear of Understanding Suffering?

tion. Psychological Bulletin, 117, 497-529. Chaudary, N. K. , Gardiner-Parks, L. , & Hass, R. G. (1994, July). Terror management: The effects of delay on self-esteem. Paper presented at the meeting of the American Psychological Society, Washington, DC. Feifel, H. , & Nagy, N. T. (1981). Another look at fear of death. Journal of Comsulting and Clinical Psychology, 49, 278-286. Fridja, N. H. (1986). The emotions. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press. Leary, M. R. , & Downs, D. L. (1995). Interpersonal functions of the self-esteem motive: The self-esteem system as a sociometer. In M. H. Kemis (Ed.), Efficacy, agency, and self-esteem (pp. 123-144). New York: Plenum. Leary, M. R. , Saltzman, J. L. , & Bednarski, R. F. (1995). Does high self-esteem buffer people against fear of death? Unpublished manuscript, Wake Forest University. Leary, M. R. , Schreindorfer, L. S. , & Haupt, A. L. (1995). The role of low self-esteem in emotional and behavioral problems: Why is low self-esteem dysfunctional? Journal ofSocial and Clinical Psychology, 14, 297-314. Solomon, S. , Greenberg, J., & Pyszczynski, T. (1986). A terror management theory of social behavior: The psychological functions of self-esteem. Advances in experimental social psychology, 24, 93-159. Sowards, B. A. , Moniz, A. J., & Hamis, M. J. (1991). Self-esteem and bolstering: Testing major assumptions of tenor management theory. Representative Research in Social Psychology, 19, 95-106.
Affecting Factors and Outcome on Intermittent Internet Pulling Behavior in Taiwan's Undergraduate Students

Nowadays people's lives heavily rely on Internet facilities. Internet users generally have constant Internet connectivity and intermittently click on sites they want to access even amidst studying or working. In this study, we sought to examine the factors affecting intermittent Internet pulling behavior on undergraduate students. Furthermore, the relationship between intermittent Internet pulling behavior and academic achievement was also investigated. We surveyed 508 undergraduate students by questionnaire to elicit data. The results found prior network experience, peer influence, and curiosity have separate effects on intermittent Internet pulling behavior, but the network efficacy does not significantly affect intermittent Internet pulling behavior. Additionally, intermittent Internet pulling behavior has a negative influence on academic achievement. Some implications for research and practice are also highlighted in this study.
Inhibition of in vitro fertilization of rabbit ova by trypsin inhibitors.

The inhibition of crystalline tyrpsin and chymotrypsin and the acrosomal trypsin-like enzyme by soybean and ovomucoid trypsin inhibitors was ivestigated. A concentration of 1.0mg/ml of soybean trypsin inhibitor was necessary for good inhibition of in vitro fertilization. There was a close correlation between inhibition of the acrosomal trypsin-like enzyme and inhibition of in vitro fertilization. This indicated that the acrosomal enzyme is the essential enzyme for penetration of the zona pellicida of the rabbit ovum.
Characterization of the TPX 2 Domains Involved in Microtubule Nucleation and Spindle Assembly in Xenopus Egg Extracts

TPX2 has multiple functions during mitosis, including microtubule nucleation around the chromosomes and the targeting of Xklp2 and Aurora A to the spindle. We have performed a detailed domain functional analysis of TPX2 and found that a large N-terminal domain containing the Aurora A binding peptide interacts directly with and nucleates microtubules in pure tubulin solutions. However, it cannot substitute the endogenous TPX2 to support microtubule nucleation in response to Ran guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and spindle assembly in egg extracts. By contrast, a large C-terminal domain of TPX2 that does not bind directly to pure microtubules and does not bind Aurora A kinase rescues microtubule nucleation in response to RanGTP and spindle assembly in TPX2-depleted extract. These and previous results suggest that under physiological conditions, TPX2 is essential for microtubule nucleation around chromatin and functions in a network of other molecules, some of which also are regulated by RanGTP.
Coparenting in Intact and Divorced Families: Its Impact on Young Adult Adjustment

ABSTRACT This study examined the potential mediating roles of coparenting and parenting practices on the relationship between marital status and young adult adjustment in intact and divorced or separated families. Participants were 340 undergraduate students from intact and divorced or separated families who completed questionnaires that tapped a range of adjustment factors (mental health, fear of intimacy, work ethic, self-esteem, delinquency) along with coparenting and parenting practices. Data were analyzed via structural equation modeling. Results suggest that coparenting and parenting practices, including parental hostility, parental cooperation, mothering, and fathering, are important partial mediators of the relationship between marital status and young adult adjustment. Intervention and legal implications are discussed.
Age-dependent long-term adaptation of crayfish phasic motor axon synapses to altered activity

Crustacean tonic and phasic motoneurons have neuromuscular synaptic properties corresponding with their functional requirements. Phasic axon synapses produce large excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs) which depress rapidly during repetitive activation. Tonic axon synapses generally produce smaller EPSPs which are more resistant to fatigue. To test whether nerve impulse activity of the motoneuron plays a role in the establishment of these synaptic properties, a phasic axon was tonically stimulated in vivo. The “fast” closer excitor of the crayfish claw, which normally fires few impulses, was stimulated for 2 hr/day at 5 Hz, through implanted electrodes. In young crayfish, this stimulation produced an 11-fold decrease in synaptic fatigue at the fast axon's neuromuscular synapses, as determined from measurements of EPSPs during 5 Hz stimulation of the fast axon for 30 min. In comparison with EPSPs of the contralateral control claw, the initial EPSP amplitude was 44% smaller and the final EPSP amplitude was 4.3 times larger for the chronically stimulated fast axon. These changes in EPSP amplitude are due to changes in transmitter release. This long-term adaptation of the fast axon to imposed tonic activity persists for at least 10 days after the effect has been established. The same chronic stimulation regimen produces significant, although less dramatic, results in adult crayfish. Compared to the contralateral control, the chronically stimulated fast axon showed no change in initial EPSP amplitude and only a 2-fold increase in the EPSP amplitude after 30 min of stimulation at 5 Hz. Thus, the decrease in synaptic fatigue was only 2- to 3-fold, much less than in young crayfish. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Erosion effects on chemical composition and morphology of dental materials and root dentin

Purpose: This work aims to study the erosion on restorative materials and on surrounding dentin. Fifty root dentin samples were obtained from bovine incisors. Methods: Twenty samples were not restored and thirty received cavity preparations. Samples were assigned to five groups: G1, G2: sound dentin (D); G3: composite resin (CR); G4: resin‐modified glass‐ionomer cement (RMGIC); G5: glass‐ionomer cement (GIC). The samples of groups 2–5 were submitted to six cycles (demineralization–remineralization). Samples were analyzed by micro energy‐dispersive X‐ray fluorescence spectrometry (μ‐EDXRF) and by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results: Mineral loss was greater in G2 samples than in RMGI > CR > GIC > D (control). SEM images showed pronounced dentin demineralization in groups 2 and 4. The acid erosion has a significant effect on mineral loss (Ca and P) of root dentin without restoration. Conclusions: Composite resin had the best chemical resistance to erosion among all the materials. Fluoride contained in GIC seemed to cause some protection, however, with material degradation. Chemical interaction of tooth‐colored dental materials with root dentin could be assessed by μ‐EDXRF. Microsc. Res. Tech. 75:703–710, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Dust in the Early Universe: Dust Formation in the Ejecta of Population III Supernovae

Dust grains play a crucial role in the formation and evolution history of stars and galaxies in the early universe. We investigate the formation of dust grains in the ejecta of Population III supernovae, including pair-instability supernovae, which are expected to occur in the early universe, applying a theory of non-steady state nucleation and grain growth. Dust formation calculations are performed for core-collapse supernovae with progenitor mass Mpr ranging from 13 to 30 M☉ and for pair-instability supernovae with Mpr = 170 and 200 M☉. In the calculations, the time evolution of gas temperature in the ejecta, which strongly affects the number density and size of newly formed grains, is calculated by solving the radiative transfer equation, taking account of the energy deposition of radioactive elements. Two extreme cases are considered for the elemental composition in the ejecta, unmixed and uniformly mixed cases within the He core, and formation of CO and SiO molecules is assumed to be complete. The results of calculations for core-collapse supernovae and pair-instability supernovae are summarized as follows: in the unmixed ejecta, a variety of grain species condense, reflecting the difference of the elemental composition at the formation site in the ejecta; otherwise only oxide grains condense in the uniformly mixed ejecta. The average size of newly formed grains spans a range of 3 orders of magnitude, depending on the grain species and the formation condition, and the maximum radius is limited to less than 1 μm, which does not depend on the progenitor mass. The size distribution function of each grain species is approximately lognormal, except for Mg silicates, MgO, Si, and FeS in the unmixed case and Al2O3 in both cases. The size distribution function summed up over all grain species is approximated by a power-law formula whose index is -3.5 for the larger radius and -2.5 for the smaller one; the radius at the crossover point ranges from 0.004 to 0.1 μm, depending on the model of supernovae. The fraction of mass locked into dust grains increases with increasing the progenitor mass: 2%-5% of the progenitor mass for core-collapse supernovae and 15%-30% for pair-instability supernovae whose progenitor mass ranges from 140 to 260 M☉. Thus, if very massive stars populated the first generation of stars (Population III stars), a large amount of dust grains would be produced in the early universe. We also discuss the dependence of the explosion energy and the amount of 56Ni in the ejecta, as well as the efficiency of formation of CO and SiO molecules, on the formation of dust grains in the ejecta of supernovae.
Mindful Coping and Mental Health among Adolescents

The aim of the research described here is to provide knowledge of adolescents and their coping strategies through the construct of mindful coping. Little is known about the contributions of mindfulness to the enhancement of mental health in adolescents. Inspired by dialectical behaviour therapy (Linehan, 1993a, b), we discuss the mindful coping process and investigate how different aspects of this process are related to mental health in a non-clinical adolescent sample. The empirical approach consisted of a cross-sectional study of 652 high-school students from two high schools, covering all streams. The relations between the four proposed mindful coping aspectsawareness, distraction, preventing negative emotions and constructive self-assertionwith psychological symptoms (PS), as well as how these four aspects moderated the relationship of perceived life strains (LS) with PS, were studied. The results show that coping by preventing negative emotions and constructive self-assertion were associated with fewer PS and/or weaker association between LS and PS, whereas coping by use of distraction was related to more PS and did not moderate the association between LS and PS. Finally, coping by use of awareness was related to a stronger association of LS with PS. The results only partly supported our expectations, providing challenging and important knowledge for future research on mindful coping in adolescents.
Scientific Sources' Perceptions of Network News Accuracy

Recent polls seem to indicate that many Americans rely on televiSion as a credible and primary sour-6e of news. To test the accuracy of -this news, a study examined three networks' newscasts of science news, the attitudes of the science sources toward repotting _in their field, and the factor related to accuracy. The Vanderbilt News Archives Index was examined to locate science Stories. When a located item was reported on more than one network, only one version was thosen and selection of a network was made on a rotating basis. Transcriptions were.made of the news broadcast audiotapes and mailed,with a questionnaire to the attributed source. The original scientists contacted by reporters were asked whether inaccuracies had occurred in the news report, how the reporter had gathered the data and what the respondents' attitudes were toward network television. The Charnley method of newspaper accuracy assessment was used, with appropriate variations for its application to television, though it was found that sources were difficult to teack down and that transcripts of the broadcasts lacked the visual element that is important in television news coverage. Based on those presumed to have received the questionnaire packets, there was a 56% return rate. Data revealed that nearly half the respondents (48.5%) found the Stories completely accurate, while 14% judged them somewhat 4eaccuraee. Among respondent complaints were lack of air time given A subject, omission of essential details, sensationalism, coniuskig / presentation of facts,' ind misleading editing practices. Although preliminary findings indicate that television bcience neWs is slightly more accurate than newspaper coverage, this finding may be dud to factors like the brevity of television _ stories and printing errors that are beyond a news writer's control. (CHH) A *******&************************************'*************************** Rdproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original docUment. __****************************************6******************************
Experiments on the determination and differentiation of sex in the bopyrid Stegophryxus hyptius Thompson.

Stegophryxus hyptius Thompson, an ectoparasite on the abdomen of the hermit crab Pagurus longicarpus Say, seeks the definitive host as a cryptoniscus larva.The free-swimming cryptonisci are sexually undifferentiated and sexually undetermined. Differentiation follows fixation and is dependent on environmental factors. These conclusions are justified on the basis of the following observations and experiments.1. Cryptonisci that settle directly on the host develop into females; those that attach to a female bopyrid develop into males.2. Changes in the color pattern of the cryptonisci following fixation furnish criteria for judging the length of time they have been subjected to a particular environment.3. Histological examination of the cryptoniscus shows that the gonads are not yet present as recognizable structures.4. Presumptive female cryptonisci, if removed from the host at an early age and transferred to the brood pouch of a female Stegophryxus, will transform into males.5. The failure of the converse e.
The rise of the meritocracy, 1870-2033 : an essay on education and equality

This thoughtful, scholarly, beautifully written book by Dr. Ulich, who is James Bryant Conant Professor of Education, Emeritus, of Harvard University, is, then, one emphasizing the centrality of the Western tradition in world affairs, the force of ideas in history, and the importance of intellectual selectivity in education. Those who can accept these principles of interpretation will find much wisdom in the observations of the author on the development of various national school systems. Inasmuch as the descriptive material with which Ulich works is familiar to serious students of education, it is in the reflections and observations that the major value of the work lies.
The Blame in the Bottle

In an experiment designed to apply Kelley's (1972) concept of causal schemata to drunken behavior, subjects read short stories depicting acts that did or did not have an a priori association with alcohol use. The actor was presented as either drunk or sober and as either an alcoholic or social drinker. Participants rated the actor's role as to perceived cause, responsibility, blame, and suggested punishment. Intoxication of the actor led to decreased attributions, with acts associated with alcohol not affected differently than nonassociated acts. The four dependent measures showed a pattern consistent with earlier findings that these variables reflect different judgments.
Conflict between peers in infancy and toddler age: what do they fight about?

Although much psychological research has been conducted on children's conflicts with peers from as young as one year, very little attention has been paid to the question of the motivation underlying these conflicts. Nevertheless, what a child tries to achieve in a conflict can be highly relevant for understanding his/her conflict behavior, conflict resolution strategies, manner of coping with the outcome of conflicts, and impact of pedagogical intervention. Most researchers suppose that young children fight mainly over the possession of objects. In a longitudinal study, children were filmed during free play in daycare centers at ages 8, 14 and 22 months. Analyzing the film material employing qualitative methods, two different motivational themes at 8 months and an increasing variety of motivational issues at 14 and 22 months were identified. It was found that the earliest manifested and consistently dominant motivation is the need to explore, not to possess.
A Compendium of Neuropsychological Tests: Administration, Norms, and Commentary

This volume is a compilation of the neuropsychological tests currently used by the authors and their colleagues at the University of Victoria (Melbourne, Australia) Neuropsychology Laboratory. As pointed out by the authors (and well known to clinical neuropsychologists), many of the procedures currently in use were originally developed for other purposes and consequently lack a published manual containing substantial normative data. With the exception of approximately 12 commercially published tests of general intellectual ability, scholastic achievement, and memory, there are multiple (and sometimes obscure) sources of normative data for many neuropsychological tests in use. Numerous tables of normative data not available in published test manuals are reproduced in this volume. Consequently, publication of this compendium is especially timely and informative. Although the scope of the book reflects the authors' flexible, individualized approach to neuropsychological assessment, they include tests that are components of widely used batteries. Organized by the domain of