Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fault-tolerant meshes with small degree

This paper presents constructions for fault-tolerant two-dimensional mesh architectures. The constructions are designed to tolerate k faults while maintaining a healthy n by n mesh as a subgraph. They utilize several novel techniques for obtaining trade-offs between the number of spare nodes and the degree of the fault-tolerant network. We consider both worst-case and random fault distributions. In terms of worst-case faults, we give a construction that has constant degree and O(k to the power of 3) spare nodes. This is the first construction known in which the degree is constant and the number of spare nodes is independent of n. In terms of random faults, we present several new degree-6 and degree-8 constructions and show (both analytically and through simulations) that they can tolerate large numbers of randomly placed faults.
The nanoleakage phenomenon: influence of different dentin bonding agents, thermocycling and etching time.

"Nanoleakage" takes place within the hybrid layer zone of the dentin-composite interface in spaces not occupied by polymerized resin. The purpose of this study was to quantify the amount of nanoleakage in specimens treated with one of six different bonding agents. For one agent, different etching times were used, and for two agents results after thermocycling were obtained. Standardized class V cavities were prepared in 165 extracted human molars with cervical margins located in dentin. After placement of the composite using bonding agents, the teeth were stored in a 1% rhodamin-B-isothiocyanate solution for 24 h at 20 degrees C, embedded in methacrylate, and sectioned parallel to the long axis of the tooth. A confocal laser scanning microscope was used to visualize a layer 10 microm below the prepared surface of the section. The lengths of the penetrated pathways were measured, representing the amount of nanoleakage. In all materials tested, penetration pathways appeared within the hybrid layer in absence of gap formation. Penetration lengths of the tested materials were in a range from 69 +/- 24 microm to 469 +/- 333 microm. Thermocycling had no statistically significant influence, and etching for 15 s resulted in statistically significantly shorter penetration compared to longer etching.
A composite indicator of working conditions in the EU-15 for policy monitoring and analytical purposes

A composite indicator Working conditions for comparing European countries is constructed from data of the Third European Survey on Working Conditions. The main findings are as follows: (a) European countries differ with respect to working conditions statistically more significantly than with respect to earnings; it implies a quite accurate discrimination threshold in ranking countries with respect to working conditions,(b) working conditions and earnings positively correlate over the whole of Europe but correlate little within single countries; it indicates at the prevailing role of national determinants over professional or social specificities as contributing to the average working conditions, and (c) earnings play no essential role in subjective estimations, including job satisfaction, which mainly depends on working conditions; consequently, more attention should be paid to improving the latter. The same approach is applied to constructing a three-dimensional indicator of Working time, reflecting its aspects duration, location (abnormality), and flexibility. It is found that abnormality and flexibility compensate each other, whereas the duration is not aflected by two other factors.
Evaluating the Electronic Textbook: Is it Time to Dispense with the Paper Text?

We examined the perceptions and performance of students who used an electronic versus a traditional paper textbook. Introductory psychology students (N = 392) who chose between the 2 formats did not differ in course grades. However, students using the electronic text reported spending less time reading for class compared to students using the paper text and generally evaluated the electronic text unfavorably. No student who purchased an electronic text in a prior class chose to purchase it for introductory psychology. These findings suggest that it may be premature to abandon the paper text in favor of the electronic text.
Social Relations and Mental Health

It is believed that social support provided through continuing ties with relatives and friends fosters personal adjustment, mitigating the impact of life stress and role strain. Respondents from three European ethnic groups-Irish (N = 121), Italian (N = 141), and Polish (N= 121)-were administered measures of nature and extent of social ties, together with measures of life-event stress and both positive morale and psychological impairment. Findings show little relationship between availability of significant others and mental health, or that increased availability of others from the same ethnic group is associated with mental health. At least among women in the two most "socially bonded" groups (Italian and Polish), increased involvement with significant others was associated both with increased life stress and less than satisfactory personal adjustment.
The role of cognates in bilingual aphasia: Implications for assessment and treatment

A morphological description of the bilingual lexical system suggests that bilingual lexical organisation is similar to that in monolinguals and is governed by the morphological relationships between words. According to this theory, lexical items are stored in clusters according to their morphology and regardless of language. Cognates (words that are similar across languages) are stored together in the same lexical cluster, whereas non-cognates (words that are dissimilar across languages) are stored separately. This paper presents the results of a study that examined performance on word recognition tasks for cognates and non-cognates in an Italian/English aphasic subject. The subject completed naming and lexical decision tasks involving cognates and non-cognates. Performance was better on cognates in both languages, and low-frequency cognates in the more impaired language benefited from their high-frequency translations. These results have implications for current theories of bilingual lexical organisation and the assessment and treatment of bilingual aphasia.
Childcare Options in South Korea: Experiences and Perceptions of Female College Faculty

This study investigates the perceptions of 203 female college/university faculty members about childcare policies in South Korea. All of the respondents had experience with childcare; most were aware of the option of maternity leave (89.7%), and many had taken such leave (43.3%). Regarding postchildbirth leave for childcare purposes (parental leave), 39.4% were aware of the option and only 6.9% had used such leave. The childcare needs of most respondents were met by relatives and private-hire services (e.g., nannies), whereas daycare facilities were considered unreliable. Most of the women reported that their spouses considered childcare the woman’s responsibility; this low paternal childcare involvement was attributed to husbands having high workloads, low degrees of childcare knowledge, unsupportive workplace cultures, and increased financial pressures. Societal and workplace cultures had great impact on the use of childcare policies. These findings provide insight into the current childcare status in S.
Taxing Capital Income in a Perpetual Youth Economy

We reconsider the issue of capital income taxation in an OLG perpetual youth framework. We show that the long run zero tax result does not generally hold. Besides the “life-cycle” motive pointed at by recent works, this work unveils two other forces pushing toward the taxation of capital income: the disconnection between generations and the relationship between the government and the individual intertemporal discount rates. We also show as a special case, that the non zero tax result applies also if age dependent taxes are not available, provided that the life-cycle behavior is ruled out, which cannot happen in the standard OLG models. Finally, it emerges that unfair life insurance contracts do not qualitatively affect the results. Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: E62, H21.
Lossy compression of permutations

We investigate the lossy compression of permutations by analyzing the trade-off between the size of a source code and the distortion with respect to Kendall tau distance, Spearman's footrule, Chebyshev distance and ℓ1 distance of inversion vectors. We show that given two permutations, Kendall tau distance upper bounds the ℓ1 distance of inversion vectors and a scaled version of Kendall tau distance lower bounds the ℓ1 distance of inversion vectors with high probability, which indicates an equivalence of the source code designs under these two distortion measures. Similar equivalence is established for all the above distortion measures, every one of which has different operational significance and applications in ranking and sorting. These findings show that an optimal coding scheme for one distortion measure is effectively optimal for other distortion measures above.
Motivating Students To Learn

CHAPTER 1: Student Motivation: The Teacher's PerspectiveCHAPTER 2: Establishing Your Classroom as a Learning CommunityCHAPTER 3: Strategies for Supporting Students' Success ExpectationsCHAPTER 4: Repair Strategies for Discouraged StudentsCHAPTER 5: Strategies for Encouraging and Capitalizing on Students' Intrinsic MotivatioCHAPTER 6: Strategies for Providing Extrinsic IncentiveCHAPTER 7: Strategies for Encouraging Students' Motivation to LearnCHAPTER 8: Repair Strategies for Alienated, Uninterested, or Underachieving StudentsCHAPTER 9: Adapting Strategies for Individual and Group DifferencesCHAPTER 10: Building Motivational Strategies Into Your Instructional Planning
Salience-controlled visual search: Are the brightest and the least bright targets found by different processes?

It has been proposed that maximum and minimum targets (like the brightest or the least-bright item of a sample) are found by different search processes, the latter but not the former being sensitive to the withdrawal of focal attention. The present study could not establish such a systematic difference and suggests that variations in search performance are due to variations in target salience. Bright targets among dim distractors were generally more salient than dim targets among bright dis-tractors (Experiment 1). In both conditions, search performance was deteriorated when attention was withdrawn (Experiment 2). Performance became identical when maximum and minimum targets were matched in salience; this was also confirmed for dark items on bright background (Experiment 3). The data underline the importance of salience in visual search but do not support the assumption that maximum and minimum target searches are qualitatively different in their demands on focal attention. Salience and attention rather seem to resemble complementary functions in visual search; the less salient a target is the more attention is required to detect it.
A new method for sea wave detection by using a speed log meter

We present two different methods for measuring waves from the information provided by the speed log meter onboard. The first method processes data in the time domain, and is based in the measurement of the standard deviation of the voltage signal period at the transducer output. The second method is based in the measurement of the −3dB bandwidth of the frequency peaks in the spectral domain. Our results show a Lorentzian widening of the spectrum due to the effect of waves similar to the effect of jitter in electrical oscillators. As a predictable phenomenon, this work can lead to the design of new low-cost wave measurement systems and enhanced autopilot systems.
Area Fumigation with Hydrogen Peroxide Vapor

The ability to safely and reproducibly decontaminate enclosed areas like isolators and rooms is an important consideration to many industrial, research, and healthcare facilities. Traditionally, formaldehyde has been used, but safety and efficacy concerns have highlighted the need for alternative methods. Vaporized Hydrogen Peroxide, as used in STERIS Corporation's VHP® Technology, is a dry gaseous method that has been used as a reliable alternative for aseptic processing isolators and more recently for room/facility decontamination. In this report the antimicrobial efficacy of VHP Technology has been studied under worst-case test conditions, including the presence of contaminating soils which may be present under certain applications. Geo-bacillus stearothermophilus spores were verified as being the most resistant organism to the fumigation process while paper was identified as the most resistant material. Efficacy was then verified in the presence of 10% and 50% whole blood, as representative soils to ensure fumigant penetration. Typical VHP fumigation processes in rigid and flexible-walled isolators showed a ≥ 6 log10 reduction under these worst-case test conditions. Like other biocides, the microbiocidal activity of vaporized hydrogen peroxide is affected by the presence of soil, but these results confirm that VHP Technology can decontaminate under soiled conditions within a routine decontamination process.
Parenting in Caribbean Families

There has been little research investigating parenting strategies and child outcomes in British Caribbean populations. This study examined the relations of parental control, structure, and autonomy support and children’s motivation and symptomatology in the Caribbean country of Barbados. Results indicated that parental structure was related to higher levels of child academic engagement, perceived competence, perceived control, and intrinsic and identified self-regulation. Parental control was negatively related to engagement, perceived competence, perceived control, and identified self-regulation, and positively related to depression. Autonomy support was, in general, positively related to these same outcomes, and negatively related to depression; however, autonomy support items tapping parents’ acknowledgment of the child and allowance of opinion exchange were related more strongly to positive outcomes than items tapping allowance of choice and independent decision making. Implications for understanding parenting in Caribbean families, and for future cross-cultural parenting research, are discussed.
XVIII. Management of nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma

Nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) represents only ~5% of Hodgkin lymphoma (~1.5 per 1000000 people per year) [1,2]. Microscopically, NLPHL displays a nodular growth pattern, although a diffuse growth pattern with prominent histiocytes and T cells can be seen in advanced or recurrent cases. The malignant cells of NLPHL, referred to as LP or ‘popcorn cells’ because of their microscopic appearance, express CD20, and immunophenotyping, is critical for establishing the diagnosis. LP cells express B-cell-associated antigens CD20, CD45, and CD79a and often J-chain but lack expression of CD15 and CD30 [3]. Immunophenotypic and molecular studies demonstrate a clonal relationship between LP cells and cells of concurrent or subsequent diffuse large B cell lymphoma, suggesting a common cell of origin. Progressive transformation of germinal centres can be mistaken for NLPHL; however, the transformed germinal centres do not harbour cells expressing the typical immunophenotype of LP cells [3].
A strategic approach for integrating theory to practice in leadership development

Purpose – This paper aims to evaluate the impact of experiential learning, goal setting, peer coaching and reflective journaling as a combined strategy to influence leadership development.Design/methodology/approach – Subjects participated in a university based leadership development program over two years. Four focal units of study were undertaken. Participants set development plans based on their learning and implemented them over eight weeks with the support of a peer coach. A pre, mid‐ and post‐ 360‐degree assessment was undertaken to measure changes in leadership competency. Learning outcomes and coaching reports were also submitted and evaluated qualitatively.Findings – A progressive increase in leadership competency was report by participants and their work colleagues in the 360‐degree data. Qualitative data revealed a range of learning outcomes that elevated their leadership competency.Research limitations/implications – The results of this research provide a model for further investigations into .
Self-Concept of Young People with Physical Disabilities: Does integration play a role?

Different countries have approached the education of students with a disability in different ways. Some have advocated for maximum integration, while others have maintained separate schools for those with special needs. The impact of the different educational settings on the self-concept of young people with a physical disability so far has received very little empirical attention. This study compared four groups of students with a physical disability who differed in their level of school integration: (a) US integrated students ( n = 53), (b) Czech integrated students ( n = 14), (c) Czech students educated at special schools on a daily basis ( n = 51), and (d) Czech students attending special schools on a residential basis ( n = 66). In addition, these young people with a disability were compared to a normative sample of Czech students without a disability. The comparisons were made on self-reported self-perceptions, aggression/emotional instability, view of the world, and dependency using the Personality Assessment Questionnaire (Rohner, 1991). Significant between group differences favouring integration were found. More integrated students reported lower levels of aggression, more positive views of themselves, and more positive views of the world. Discussion addressed implications for educational policies for children with special needs.
Enabling Security-Enhanced Attestation With Intel SGX for Remote Terminal and IoT

Along with the advent and popularity of cloud computing, Internet of Things, and bring your own device, the trust requirement for terminal devices has increased significantly. An untrusted terminal, a terminal that runs in an untrustworthy execution environment, may cause serious security issues for enterprise networks. With the release of Software Guard Extension, Intel has provided a promising way to construct trusted terminals and services. Utilizing this technology, we propose a security-enhanced attestation for remote terminals, which can achieve shielded execution for measurements and attestation programs. Furthermore, we present a policy-based measurement mechanism where sensitive data, including secret keys and policy details are concealed using the enclave-specific keys. We implement our attestation prototype on real platform with Intel Skylake processor. Evaluation results show that our attestation system can provide much stronger security guarantees, yet incurs small performance overhead.
Beyond Naxalbari: A Comparative Analysis of Maoist Insurgency and Counterinsurgency in Independent India

Abstract This paper demonstrates that there have been three distinct waves of Maoist insurgency in India since 1947. We construct an ideal typical model of Maoist insurgency that is used to compare the roles played by local populations, insurgents, and state counterinsurgency measures across space and time. This allows us to demonstrate that the commonly accepted narrative of Indian Maoist insurgency must be fundamentally rethought. The Naxalbari outbreak in 1967 and the subsequent insurgency in West Bengal is generally agreed to be the central point in the history of Maoist insurgency in India. But our analysis demonstrates that it was comparatively short-lived and atypical. We instead trace the genealogy of Indian Maoism to Telengana in the late 1940s. The common feature linking all three waves is the persistence of insurgent activity among various tribal or adivasi communities in the central Indian “tribal belt. ” Their overriding grievances are the historically iniquitous relationships produced by the processes of state and market expansion that have incorporated and subordinated adivasi populations who previously had a large degree of socioeconomic and political autonomy. The state's counterinsurgency strategy has consisted of violence combined with developmental and governance interventions. This has pushed Maoist insurgency to the margins of Indian political life but has been unable to eliminate insurgent activity or address the fundamental grievances of adivasis. We conclude by arguing that Maoist insurgency in India should not be considered as crime to be resolved by state violence, or as an economic problem requiring the intensification of developmental measures, but as a matter of politics.
Does aerobic exercises induce mtDNA mutation in human blood leucocytes

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of eight weeks aerobic training on mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation in human blood leucocytes. Twenty untrained healthy students (training group: n =10, age = 20.7±1.5 yrs, weight = 67.7±10 kg, BF% = 17.5±7.35 & control group: n =10, age = 21±1.3 yrs, weight = 78.5±18.5 kg, BF% = 18.2±6.4) were randomly assigned to two groups and participated in an eight weeks aerobic training program. Blood samples were collected before and after the eight weeks aerobic training. mtDNA mutation were analyzed using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. Although, all subjects were fairly young and the possibility of mtDNA mutation at normal condition was unlikely, just to be certain, all blood samples were also analyzed for possible mutation. Those subjects who had mutant mtDNA prior to the study, were excluded. The findings show that there were no changes in mtDNA mutation in human leucocytes in both groups before and after eight weeks aerobic training (P>0.05). These results demonstrate that eight week aerobic training dose not causes mtDNA mutation in human blood leucocytes.
Discursive Institutionalism: The Explanatory Power of Ideas and Discourse

The newest “new institutionalism,” discursive institutionalism, lends insight into the role of ideas and discourse in politics while providing a more dynamic approach to institutional change than the older three new institutionalisms. Ideas are the substantive content of discourse. They exist at three levels—policies, programs, and philosophies—and can be categorized into two types, cognitive and normative. Discourse is the interactive process of conveying ideas. It comes in two forms: the coordinative discourse among policy actors and the communicative discourse between political actors and the public. These forms differ in two formal institutional contexts; simple polities have a stronger communicative discourse and compound polities a stronger coordinative discourse. The institutions of discursive institutionalism, moreover, are not external-rule-following structures but rather are simultaneously structures and constructs internal to agents whose “background ideational abilities” within a given “meanin.