Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MiR-520d-5p directly targets TWIST1 and downregulates the metastamiR miR-10b

MicroRNAs are key players in most biological processes. Some microRNAs are involved in the genesis of tumors and are therefore termed oncomiRs, while others, termed metastamiRs, play a significant role in the formation of cancer metastases. Previously, we identified ten different cellular microRNAs that downregulate the expression of MICB, a ligand of the activating NK receptor NKG2D. Interestingly, several of the ten MICB-targeting microRNAs, such as miR-10b, are involved in tumor formation and metastasis. In this work, we identify a complex interplay between these different microRNAs. Specifically, we demonstrate that three of the MICB-targeting microRNAs: miR-20a, miR-17-5p and miR-93, also target the same site in the 3′UTR of TWIST1, a transcription factor implicated in cancer metastasis. Additionally, we show that miR-520d-5p targets a different site in the 3′UTR of TWIST1. We next show that the miR-520d-5p-mediated decrease of TWIST1 expression results in reduced expression of one of its targets, miR-10b, and in the restoration of E-Cadherin expression, which in turn results in reduced cellular motility and invasiveness. Finally, we show that miR-520d-5p leads to reduced proliferation of tumor cells, and that high levels of miR-520d-5p correlate with higher survival rates of cancer patients.
Does significant weight reduction in men with coronary artery disease manage risk factors after cardiac rehabilitation program?

Background: Vast majority of cardiac patients who refer to cardiac rehabilitation program (CRP) are obese and obesity is associated with coronary heart disease (CHD). So, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of CRP on obesity indexes, lipid profiles, and functional capacity (FC) in obese men with CHD and to explore whether significant weight reduction affected these risk factors and FC or not. Materials and Methods: In an observational study, we evaluated 536 patients, including 464 non-obese men and 72 obese men. All participants completed CRP for 2 months; then, obese patients were divided into two groups: patients with weight reduction ≥ 5% and patients who didn’t have significant weight reduction. Data were analyzed with SPSS software version 15. For comparing the mean of outcomes independent t-tests and paired t-tests were used. Results: Results showed following CRP, non-obese men had significant improvement in obesity indexes (P = 0.00), lipid profiles (P < 0.05), and FC (P = 0.00) and in obese men, favorable improvement were seen in obesity indexes (P = 0.00), FC (P = 0.00), and total cholesterol (P = 0.02). Comparing two groups revealed that there were significant differences in obesity indexes, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio. In addition, comparing subgroup of obese patients revealed that there were significant differences in FC (P = 0.00) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/ high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (P = 0.04). Conclusion: CRP has more advantage in management of obesity, FC, and lipid profiles in both obese and non-obese patients. Also, weight reduction may cause greater improvement in FC and fitness levels in obese men with CHD.
Modelling Tumour Oxygenation, Reoxygenation and Implications on Treatment Outcome

Oxygenation is an important component of the tumour microenvironment, having a significant impact on the progression and management of cancer. Theoretical determination of tissue oxygenation through simulations of the oxygen transport process is a powerful tool to characterise the spatial distribution of oxygen on the microscopic scale and its dynamics and to study its impact on the response to radiation. Accurate modelling of tumour oxygenation must take into account important aspects that are specific to tumours, making the quantitative characterisation of oxygenation rather difficult. This paper aims to discuss the important aspects of modelling tumour oxygenation, reoxygenation, and implications for treatment.
4-Aminopyridine and the early outward current of sheep cardiac Purkinje fibers

We have studied the effects of the potassium-blocking agent 4- aminopyridine (4-AP) on the action potential and membrane currents of the sheep cardiac Purkinje fiber. 4-AP slowed the rate of phase 1 repolarization and shifted the plateau of the action potential to less negative potentials. In the presence of 4-AP, the substitution of sodium methylsulfate or methanesulfonate for the NaCl of Tyrode's solution further slowed the rate of phase 1 repolarization, even though chloride replacement has no effect on the untreated preparation. In voltage clamp experiments, 4-AP rapidly and reversibly reduced the early peak of outward current that is seen when the Purkinje fiber membrane is voltage-clamped to potentials positive to -20 mV. In addition, 4-AP reduced the steady outward current seen at the end of clamp steps positive to -40 mV. 4-AP did not appear to change the slow inward current observed over the range of -60 to -40 mV, nor did it greatly change the current tails that have been used as a measure of the slow inward conductance at more positive potentials. 4-AP did not block the inward rectifying potassium currents, IK1 and IK2. A phasic outward current component that was insensitive to 4-AP was reduced by chloride replacement. We conclude that the early outward current has two components: a chloride-sensitive component plus a 4-AP-sensitive component. Since a portion of the steady-state current was sensitive to 4-AP, the early outward current either does not fully inactivate or 4- AP blocks a component of time-independent background current.
Clinical practice guidelines.

Society for Vascular Surgery clinical practice guidelines evaluate the evidence in the scientific literature, assess the likely benefits and harms of a particular treatment, and enable healthcare providers to select the best care for a unique patient based on his or her preferences. The Society develops guidelines to aid its members and their patients in the decision-making process. SVS guideline writing groups draw upon systematic reviews of the available evidence to inform key recommendations. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are performed by the Mayo Clinic Evidence-based Practice Center, in Rochester, Minnesota. The methodology used for SVS clinical practice guidelines has been published in the Journal of Vas? cular Surgery. SVS members are invited to propose guideline topics, using the request form .
Characterization of AQX‐1125, a small‐molecule SHIP1 activator

The SH2‐containing inositol‐5′‐phosphatase 1 (SHIP1) metabolizes PI(3,4,5)P3 to PI(3,4)P2. SHIP1‐deficient mice exhibit progressive inflammation. Pharmacological activation of SHIP1 is emerging as a potential therapy for pulmonary inflammatory diseases. Here we characterize the efficacy of AQX‐1125, a small‐molecule SHIP1 activator currently in clinical development.
Comparing ALADIN-CZ and ALADIN-LAEF Precipitation Forecasts for Hydrological Modelling in the Czech Republic

Precipitation forecasting has great significance for hydrological modelling, particularly for issuing flood alerts. This study assesses the high-resolution deterministic model ALADIN-CZ (Aire Limitée, Adaptation Dynamique, Development International–Czech Republic) and the ensemble model ALADIN-LAEF (Limited Area Ensemble Forecasting). Verified precipitation data were modified to the form in which they enter the hydrological model used for flood forecasting in the Czech Republic. ALADIN-LAEF, unlike ALADIN-CZ, is currently not considered to be of any value for hydrological predictions in the Czech Republic. In the present paper, we assess the added value of the ensemble model. The most significant rainfall events from the summer seasons during 2011–2015 were selected for the purpose of this study. The results show that ALADIN-LAEF does not have a lower success rate than ALADIN-CZ in predicting significant rainfall events. In fact, for the most verification scores and metrics, ALADIN-LAEF was assessed as more skilful. Surprisingly, the high-resolution ALADIN-CZ does not yield higher success rates than ALADIN-LAEF even at short prediction lead times. This is due to spatial aggregation into hydrological regions, with an area significantly larger than the resolution of the forecasting models. Furthermore, the relationship between synoptic weather types, hydrological regions, and predictability was considered. It was found that the worst prediction results are related to weather situation C (cyclone over central Europe), which dominantly affects Berounka and Lower Elbe catchments.
Identification of the gene that codes for the σ2 receptor

Significance Of the many receptors that were pharmacologically described during the 20th century, almost all were cloned by the end of the 1990s. A key exception is the σ2 receptor, a potential therapeutic target for diseases as diverse as schizophrenia, Alzheimer’s disease, and cancer. Despite the development of a rich pharmacopeia, the unknown molecular identity of the receptor has crippled biological investigation. Here, we identify the σ2 receptor as TMEM97, a membrane protein implicated in cancer and a binding partner of Niemann–Pick disease protein NPC1. Our results unite two fields of research, bringing the σ2 receptor into the modern age of biological inquiry and providing the TMEM97 field with a rich pool of ligands and pharmacological tools. The σ2 receptor is an enigmatic protein that has attracted significant attention because of its involvement in diseases as diverse as cancer and neurological disorders. Unlike virtually all other receptors of medical interest, it has eluded molecular cloning since its discovery, and the gene that codes for the receptor remains unknown, precluding the use of modern biological methods to study its function. Using a chemical biology approach, we purified the σ2 receptor from tissue, revealing its identity as TMEM97, an endoplasmic reticulum-resident transmembrane protein that regulates the sterol transporter NPC1. We show that TMEM97 possesses the full suite of molecular properties that define the σ2 receptor, and we identify Asp29 and Asp56 as essential for ligand recognition. Cloning the σ2 receptor resolves a longstanding mystery and will enable therapeutic targeting of this potential drug target.
The impact of competition in physical activity and sport on the self-perception of individuals with physical disabilities

Background: Physical activity has traditionally been treated as one of many strategies to improve an individual's quality of life. Until fairly recently, this presumption has been accepted as truth and little research has been done on proving or disproving the claim. Now, there has been a larger focus on it and numerous studies have analyzed the contribution physical activity has on the individual's quality of life in all areas. Objective: This study analyzes the current literature in the area of physical activity and sport as related to self-perception and the overall quality of life in individuals with physical disabilities. Methods: Using the websites of the following literature databases: Pubmed, Sport Discus, Medline, APAQ archives, and European Journal of Adapted Physical Activity archives, articles from 1990-2009 were selected based on their focus on analyzing the relationship of self-perception and quality of life to physical activity and sport for individuals with physical disabilities. Using these mentioned search programs, 274 articles were found using the keywords for this article. Of these, 40 articles were chosen for being applicable to the topic and target population. Nine of these articles were then used in the direct results as others were used for anecdotal or background information, due to their lack of consistent terminology. Without consistent terminology it was not possible to use these anecdotal articles to make proper comparisons of results. These trends, from the remaining nine articles were then compared to studies with able-bodied populations. Results: The authors found that, overall, there is a significant positive relationship between physical activity and sport programs on the one hand, and increased self-perception among individuals with physical disabilities on the other. This increase can be seen in the process of the comparison of the individual constructs of self-perception as well as of the differences in self-perception as a whole. Quality of life was also seen, in some studies, to be an additional reference for comparison. The inclusion of competition had no significant effect on these relationships of selfperception. However, individuals competing at an elite or world class level showed significantly higher self-perception than all other groups. When able-bodied studies were compared, similar trends were found in both overall difference in self-perception and differences seen between competition levels. Conclusions: Findings show that competition should be included in physical activity and sport programs, for individuals with physical disabilities, only if it results in an increase in positive experiences for the participants. Participation in physical activity and sport programs contribute to an improvement in the quality of life of individuals with physical disabilities.
Précis to a practical unified theory of cognition and action: Some lessons from EPIC computational models of human multiple-task performance

Abstract : Experimental psychology, cognitive science, and human factors engineering have progressed sufficiently far that a practical unified theory of cognition and action is now foreseeable. Such a theory soon may yield useful quantitative predictions about rapid human multiple task performance in applied settings. Toward this end, an Executive-Process/Interactive-Control (EPIC) architecture has been formulated with components whose assumed properties emulate fundamental perceptual, cognitive, and motor processes. On the basis of EPIC, a theorist may construct detailed computational models that characterize multiple task performance under both laboratory and real world conditions. For example, EPIC computational models provide good accounts of response latencies and accuracies from the psychological refractory period procedure, aircraft cockpit operation, and human computer interaction. As a result, major commonalities in performance across various task domains have been discovered, and efficacious principles for designing person machine interfaces have been identified. The substantive and methodological lessons learned from these advances constitute an instructive precis to further utilitarian theoretical unification.
Comprehensive Evaluation of a Child With an Auditory Brainstem Implant

Objective: We had an opportunity to evaluate an American child whose family traveled to Italy to receive an auditory brainstem implant (ABI). The goal of this evaluation was to obtain insight into possible benefits derived from the ABI and to begin developing assessment protocols for pediatric clinical trials. Study Design: Case study. Setting: Tertiary referral center. Patient: Pediatric ABI Patient 1 was born with auditory nerve agenesis. Auditory brainstem implant surgery was performed in December, 2005, in Verona, Italy. The child was assessed at the House Ear Institute, Los Angeles, in July 2006 at the age of 3 years 11 months. Follow-up assessment has continued at the HEAR Center in Birmingham, Alabama. Intervention: Auditory brainstem implant. Main Outcome Measures: Performance was assessed for the domains of audition, speech and language, intelligence and behavior, quality of life, and parental factors. Results: Patient 1 demonstrated detection of sound, speech pattern perception with visual cues, and inconsistent auditory-only vowel discrimination. Language age with signs was approximately 2 years, and vocalizations were increasing. Of normal intelligence, he exhibited attention deficits with difficulty completing structured tasks. Twelve months later, this child was able to identify speech patterns consistently; closed-set word identification was emerging. These results were within the range of performance for a small sample of similarly aged pediatric cochlear implant users. Conclusion: Pediatric ABI assessment with a group of well-selected children is needed to examine risk versus benefit in this population and to analyze whether open-set speech recognition is achievable.
Chandra observations of the interacting galaxies NGC 3395/3396 (Arp 270)

In this paper we present the results of a 20 ks high resolution Chandra X-ray observation of the peculiar galaxy pair NGC 3395/3396, a system at a very early stage of merging, and less evolved than the famous Antennae and Mice merging systems. Previously unpublished ROSAT HRI data are also presented. The point source population and the hot diffuse gas in this system are investigated, and compared with other merging galaxy pairs. 16 X-ray point sources are detected in Arp 270, 7 of which are classified as ULXs (LX � 10 39 erg s 1 ). From spectral fits and the age of the system it seems likely that these are predominantly high mass X-ray binaries. The diffuse gas emits at a global temperature of �0.5 keV, consistent with temperatures observed in other interacting systems, and we see no evidence of the starburst-driven hot gaseous outflows seen in more evolved systems such as The Mice and The Antennae. It is likely that these features are absent from Arp 270 as the gas has had insufficienttime to break out of the galaxy disks. 32% of the luminosity of Arp 270 arises from the diffuse gas in the system, this is low when compared to later stage merging systems and gives further credence that this is an early stage merger. Comparing the ULX population of Arp 270 to other merging systems, we derive a relationship between the star formation rate of the system, indicated by LFIR, and the number (N(ULX)) and luminosity (LULX) of its ULX population. We find N(ULX)/ L 0.18 FIR and LULX/ L 0.54 FIR . These relationships, coupled with the relation of the point source X-ray luminosity (LXP) to LK and LFIR+UV (Colbert et al. 2003), indicate that the ULX sources in an interacting system have contributions from both the old and young stellar populations.
Interstellar 12C/13C from CH+ absorption lines: Results from an extended survey

The 12C/13C isotope ratio in the interstellar medium (ISM), and its evolution with time, is an important tracer of stellar yields. Spatial variations of this ratio can be used to study mixing in the ISM. We want to determine this ratio and its spatial variations in the local ISM from CH+ absorption lines in the optical towards early-type stars. The aim is to determine the average value for the local ISM and study possible spatial variations. We observed a large number of early-type stars with Feros to extend the sample of suitable target stars for CH+ isotope studies. The best suited targets were observed with Uves with higher signal-to-noise ratio and spectral resolution to determine the isotope ratio from the interstellar CH+ lines. This study significantly expands the number of 13CH+ detections. We find an average ratio of = 76.27 +- 1.94 or, for f = 1/R, = (120.46 +- 3.02) 10^{-4}. The scatter in f is 6.3 sigma( ). This findings strengthens the case for chemical inhomogeneity in the local ISM, with important implications for the mixing in the ISM. Given the large scatter, the present-day value in the ISM is not significantly larger than the solar value, which corresponds to the local value 4.5 Gyr ago.
Through-Metal-Wall Power Delivery and Data Transmission for Enclosed Sensors: A Review

The aim of this review was to assess the current viable technologies for wireless power delivery and data transmission through metal barriers. Using such technologies sensors enclosed in hermetical metal containers can be powered and communicate through exterior power sources without penetration of the metal wall for wire feed-throughs. In this review, we first discuss the significant and essential requirements for through-metal-wall power delivery and data transmission and then we: (1) describe three electromagnetic coupling based techniques reported in the literature, which include inductive coupling, capacitive coupling, and magnetic resonance coupling; (2) present a detailed review of wireless ultrasonic through-metal-wall power delivery and/or data transmission methods; (3) compare various ultrasonic through-metal-wall systems in modeling, transducer configuration and communication mode with sensors; (4) summarize the characteristics of electromagnetic-based and ultrasound-based systems, evaluate the challenges and development trends. We conclude that electromagnetic coupling methods are suitable for through thin non-ferromagnetic metal wall power delivery and data transmission at a relatively low data rate; piezoelectric transducer-based ultrasonic systems are particularly advantageous in achieving high power transfer efficiency and high data rates; the combination of more than one single technique may provide a more practical and reliable solution for long term operation.
Evaluating dedicated and intrinsic models of temporal encoding by varying context

Two general classes of models have been proposed to account for how people process temporal information in the milliseconds range. Dedicated models entail a mechanism in which time is explicitly encoded; examples include clock–counter models and functional delay lines. Intrinsic models, such as state-dependent networks (SDN), represent time as an emergent property of the dynamics of neural processing. An important property of SDN is that the encoding of duration is context dependent since the representation of an interval will vary as a function of the initial state of the network. Consistent with this assumption, duration discrimination thresholds for auditory intervals spanning 100 ms are elevated when an irrelevant tone is presented at varying times prior to the onset of the test interval. We revisit this effect in two experiments, considering attentional issues that may also produce such context effects. The disruptive effect of a variable context was eliminated or attenuated when the intervals between the irrelevant tone and test interval were made dissimilar or the duration of the test interval was increased to 300 ms. These results indicate how attentional processes can influence the perception of brief intervals, as well as point to important constraints for SDN models.
Psychiatric Manifestations of Multiple Sclerosis: A Review

Objective: To report the occurrence, type, causes, and management of psychiatric manifestations in multiple sclerosis (MS). Method: Review of recent, relevant literature. Results: Psychiatric illness, especially depression, occurs much more frequently than expected inpatients with MS, is frequently unrecognized or ignored, and is treatable using standard methods, although patients with MS may be unusually sensitive to side effects of tricyclic antidepressants. Conclusions: Research is needed to better define the causes of psychiatric syndromes inpatients with MS. Those treating MS should increase their awareness of and sensitivity to the likelihood of psychiatric disorder in these patients.
A Mixed-Signal VLSI System for Producing Temporally Adapting Intraspinal Microstimulation Patterns for Locomotion

Neural pathways can be artificially activated through the use of electrical stimulation. For individuals with a spinal cord injury, intraspinal microstimulation, using electrical currents on the order of 125 μA, can produce muscle contractions and joint torques in the lower extremities suitable for restoring walking. The work presented here demonstrates an integrated circuit implementing a state-based control strategy where sensory feedback and intrinsic feed forward control shape the stimulation waveforms produced on-chip. Fabricated in a 0.5 μm process, the device was successfully used in vivo to produce walking movements in a model of spinal cord injury. This work represents progress towards an implantable solution to be used for restoring walking in individuals with spinal cord injuries.