Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Could Resilience and Flourishing be Mediators in the Relationship between Mindfulness and Life Satisfaction for Saudi College Students? A Psychometric and Exploratory Study

In There are few Arabic studies examining the disposition of mindfulness, resilience, and well-being of college students. The purpose of the present study is to examine the factor structure and internal consistency of the Arabic version of mindful attention awareness scale (MAAS) and the brief resilience scale, and to test a model that describes the role of resilience and well-being, in relation to mindfulness and life satisfaction. For this reason, a study of two folds was conducted with the assistance of Umm Al-Quraa University students (n = 562; n = 534). Mindfulness, resilience, flourishing and life satisfaction scales are the variables that were used. Results show that both mindfulness and resilience scales were revealed to be unidimensional and have high reliability estimates. Both resilience and flourishing are partial mediators in the relationship between mindful and life satisfaction. In addition, resilience had an impact on flourishing. Mindfulness partially had an effect on life satisfaction. In conclusion, mindfulness and resilience scales had good structural validity and reliability.
Differential Entrainment of Neuroelectric Delta Oscillations in Developmental Dyslexia

Oscillatory entrainment to the speech signal is important for language processing, but has not yet been studied in developmental disorders of language. Developmental dyslexia, a difficulty in acquiring efficient reading skills linked to difficulties with phonology (the sound structure of language), has been associated with behavioural entrainment deficits. It has been proposed that the phonological ‘deficit’ that characterises dyslexia across languages is related to impaired auditory entrainment to speech at lower frequencies via neuroelectric oscillations (<10 Hz, ‘temporal sampling theory’). Impaired entrainment to temporal modulations at lower frequencies would affect the recovery of the prosodic and syllabic structure of speech. Here we investigated event-related oscillatory EEG activity and contingent negative variation (CNV) to auditory rhythmic tone streams delivered at frequencies within the delta band (2 Hz, 1.5 Hz), relevant to sampling stressed syllables in speech. Given prior behavioural entrainment findings at these rates, we predicted functionally atypical entrainment of delta oscillations in dyslexia. Participants performed a rhythmic expectancy task, detecting occasional white noise targets interspersed with tones occurring regularly at rates of 2 Hz or 1.5 Hz. Both groups showed significant entrainment of delta oscillations to the rhythmic stimulus stream, however the strength of inter-trial delta phase coherence (ITC, ‘phase locking’) and the CNV were both significantly weaker in dyslexics, suggestive of weaker entrainment and less preparatory brain activity. Both ITC strength and CNV amplitude were significantly related to individual differences in language processing and reading. Additionally, the instantaneous phase of prestimulus delta oscillation predicted behavioural responding (response time) for control participants only.
Discourses on ‘authenticity’: language ideology, ethnic boundaries, and Tibetan identity on a multi-ethnic campus

ABSTRACT This paper examines Tibetan ethnicity by studying the language ideologies among Tibetan students and their persistent roles in shaping ethnic boundaries at a Minzu University (MU). MU attracts the highest achieving ethnic minority students throughout China and explicitly aims to turn them into patriotic minority cadres. Hosting extremely heterogeneous Tibetans from different dialect groups, MU is an ideal field for studying inter-ethnic relations and in-group interactions among Tibetans. Ethnographic data reveals that Tibetan language has been a significant ethnic boundary marker and a crucial toolkit for ethnic empowerment. On one hand, it has been used as an exclusive way of distinguishing between ‘pure’ and ‘non-pure’, ‘authentic’ and ‘fake’ Tibetans, the latter of which are discriminated against on campus by both Tibetan and Han students. On the other hand, Tibetan language has been conveniently appropriated by the so-called authentic Tibetans to organise many ethnic cultural practices, resist the marginalisation of the Tibetan group, and achieve a higher ethnic status. Yet, Tibetans’ discourses on ‘authenticity’ are rooted in the same principles of alterity and hierarchy under which minorities are subject to by the majority, that they unavoidably marginalise and stigmatise certain ‘non-standard’ yet culturally Tibetan populations.
Evolutionary changes in the olfactory projection neuron pathways of eumalacostracan crustaceans

Output from the olfactory lobe (primary olfactory center) of eumalacostracan crustaceans is transmitted to the medulla terminalis (MT) and hemiellipsoid body (HB) in the lateral protocerebrum (higher order center) by a large population of projection neurons. In eureptantian crustaceans (lobsters, crayfish, and crabs), these projection neurons also form the output pathway from an additional neuropil, the accessory lobe (higher order center), which appears to have arisen de novo in these animals. In a previous study of lobsters and crayfish we showed that whereas projection neurons innervating the olfactory lobe project primarily to the MT, those innervating the accessory lobe project exclusively to the HB (Sullivan and Beltz [ 2001a ] J. Comp. Neurol. 441:9–22). In the present study, we used focal dye injections to examine the olfactory projection neuron pathways of representatives of four eumalacostracan taxa (Stomatopoda, Dendrobranchiata, Caridea, and Stenopodidea) that diverged from the eureptantian line prior to the appearance of the accessory lobe. These experiments were undertaken both to examine the evolution of the olfactory pathway in the Eumalacostraca and to provide insights into the changes in this pathway that accompanied the appearance of the accessory lobe. The innervation patterns of the olfactory projection neurons of the species examined were found to differ markedly, varying from that observed in the most basal taxon examined (Stomatopoda), in which the neurons primarily project to the MT, to those observed in the two highest taxa examined (Caridea and Stenopodidea), in which they primarily target the HB. These results suggest that substantial changes in the relative importance of the MT and HB within the olfactory pathway have occurred during the evolution of the Eumalacostraca. J. Comp. Neurol. 470:25–38, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Smart home platform based on optimized wireless sensor network protocol and scalable architecture

In this paper, we propose a smart home platform based on optimized wireless sensor network (WSN) protocol and scalable architecture. In this platform, system environment is divided into two main environments, indoor and outdoor. Outdoor environment uses internet-cloud system, while indoor environment uses WSN system. This scheme is also well known as Internet-of-Things (IoT) concept. Those two environments are connected to each other by using access point bridge. WSN system is established from efficient and scalable WSN components. Each component of WSN is designed to use an optimized protocol. WSN components are connected to each other in mesh topology in order to provide scalable architecture for further extension and changes. For outdoor environment, the existing internet-cloud system is used as infrastructure. Thus, this smart home platform can be monitored and controlled from smart phone, anytime and anywhere, as long as mobile data access is provided. For databasing implementation, SQLite database system is chosen because of its low cost and easy configuration. For system evaluation, several tests have been conducted to deliver the profile of proposed system.
Self-Efficacy And Parenting Styles As Correlates Of Social Anxiety Disorder Among Secondary School Adolescents In Obio/Akpor LGA Of Rivers State

The study investigated self-efficacy and parenting styles as correlates of social anxiety disorder among secondary school adolescents in Obio/Akpor LGA of Rivers State. The study adopted the correlational research design. The study used a sample of 300 students who were independently selected using simple random sampling technique. Three instruments were used to collect data for the study, they included; Social Anxiety Disorder Scale, Self-efficacy Scale and Parenting Styles Scale. The study was guided by two research questions as well as two corresponding hypotheses. The data was analyzed with mean, standard deviation and independent sample t-test. The findings of the study revealed that, low self-efficacy authoritative and authoritarian parenting styles significantly predicted social anxiety disorder among secondary school adolescents in Obio/Akpor LGA of Rivers State. Based on the findings of the study it was recommended among others that counseling for adolescents with social interaction anxiety should be encouraged in schools with aim of improving students’ interactional skills.
Hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype: association with metabolic disorders and visceral fat in adults.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association of Hypertriglyceridemic waist with metabolic disorders and visceral fat in adults. METHODS Cross-sectional study with 191 individuals of both sexes. Subjects were grouped according to Waist Circumference (WC) ratings (Men: > 90 cm; Women: > 80 cm) and triglycerides (TG) (> 150 mg/dl) in Group 1 (HTW Phenotype): elevated WC and TG; Group 2 (absence of HTW Phenotype): elevated WC and normal TG or normal WC and elevated TG or normal WC and TG. Metabolic alternations, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and visceral/subcutaneous fat index (VF/SF) measured by computed tomography were evaluated as cardiovascu - lar risk factors between the groups. RESULTS Individuals with HTW phenotype, 82% had three or more cardiovascular risk factors. The association between cardiovascular risk factors with HTW phenotype revealed that among men 73.7% had hypercholesterolemia, 94.9% elevated non-HDLc and 78.9% excess of VAT area (p = 0.001). Among women, 65% had elevated Sistolic Blood Plessure, 80% hypercholesterolemia and 90% elevated non-HDLc (p < 0.02). CONCLUSION The HTW phenotype associated with the metabolic alternations and VAT excess. Individuals with HTW had higher number of cardiovascular risk factors. The Hypertriglyceridemic waist can be used in clinical practice for investigating cardiovascular risk and visceral adipose tissue in individuals.
DangSan: Scalable Use-after-free Detection

Use-after-free vulnerabilities due to dangling pointers are an important and growing threat to systems security. While various solutions exist to address this problem, none of them is sufficiently practical for real-world adoption. Some can be bypassed by attackers, others cannot support complex multithreaded applications prone to dangling pointers, and the remainder have prohibitively high overhead. One major source of overhead is the need to synchronize threads on every pointer write due to pointer tracking. In this paper, we present DangSan, a use-after-free detection system that scales efficiently to large numbers of pointer writes as well as to many concurrent threads. To significantly reduce the overhead of existing solutions, we observe that pointer tracking is write-intensive but requires very few reads. Moreover, there is no need for strong consistency guarantees as inconsistencies can be reconciled at read (i.e., object deallocation) time. Building on these intuitions, DangSan's design mimics that of log-structured file systems, which are ideally suited for similar workloads. Our results show that DangSan can run heavily multithreaded applications, while introducing only half the overhead of previous multithreaded use-after-free detectors.
An analysis of the differential power of the Fake Bad Scale of the Mmpi-2

An Analysis of the Differential Power o f the Fake Bad Scale o f the MMPI-2 by Nicole A. Cavenagh, M.A. Dr. Douglas Ferraro, Examination Committee Chair Professor of Psychology University of Nevada, Las Vegas This study examined the ability of the Fake Bad Scale of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 to differentiate among individuals who have a traumatic brain injury, individuals with a somatoform disorder, and individuals who are malingering. Participants were chosen from a pool o f 283 personal injury and workers compensation cases obtained from an established neuropsychological practice in a major Southwestern city. Each of these participants was involved in litigation and received a diagnosis that included traumatic brain injury, a somatoform disorder, or malingering. Complete neuropsychological and psychological test batteries were conducted on each participant, and the complete medical records for each participant were reviewed. Of the available cases 30 individuals with a diagnosis of malingering, 31 individuals with a diagnosis o f a somatoform disorder, and 21 individuals with a traumatic brain injury were selected for analysis. The first aspect of the Fake Bad Scale that was examined was its ability to differentiate among individuals with traumatic brain injury, a somatoform disorder, or
Household Expenditure for Dental Care in Low and Middle Income Countries

This study assessed the extent of household catastrophic expenditure in dental health care and its possible determinants in 41 low and middle income countries. Data from 182,007 respondents aged 18 years and over (69,315 in 18 low income countries, 59,645 in 15 lower middle income countries and 53,047 in 8 upper middle income countries) who participated in the WHO World Health Survey (WHS) were analyzed. Expenditure in dental health care was defined as catastrophic if it was equal to or higher than 40% of the household capacity to pay. A number of individual and country-level factors were assessed as potential determinants of catastrophic dental health expenditure (CDHE) in multilevel logistic regression with individuals nested within countries. Up to 7% of households in low and middle income countries faced CDHE in the last 4 weeks. This proportion rose up to 35% among households that incurred some dental health expenditure within the same period. The multilevel model showed that wealthier, urban and larger households and more economically developed countries had higher odds of facing CDHE. The results of this study show that payments for dental health care can be a considerable burden on households, to the extent of preventing expenditure on basic necessities. They also help characterize households more likely to incur catastrophic expenditure on dental health care. Alternative health care financing strategies and policies targeted to improve fairness in financial contribution are urgently required in low and middle income countries.
A Theory for Buoyancy and Velocity Scales in Deep Moist Convection

Buoyancy and velocity scales for dry convection in statistical equilibrium were derived in the early twentieth century by Prandtl, but the scaling of convective velocity and buoyancy, as well as the fractional area coverage of convective clouds, is still unresolved for moist convection. In this paper, high-resolution simulations of an atmosphere in radiative‐convective equilibrium are performed using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model, a three-dimensional, nonhydrostatic, convection-resolving, limited-area model. The velocity and buoyancy scales for moist convection in statistical equilibrium are characterized by prescribing different constant cooling rates to the system. It is shown that the spatiotemporal properties of deep moist convection and buoyancy and velocity scales at equilibriumdependontheterminalvelocityofraindrops andahypothesisisdevelopedtoexplainthisbehavior. This hypothesis is evaluated and discussed in the context of the numerical results provided by the WRF model. The influence of domain size on radiative‐convective equilibrium statistics is also assessed. The dependence of finescale spatiotemporal properties of convective structures on numerical and physical details is investigated.
A Critical Comparative Study of Liver Patients from USA and INDIA: An Exploratory Analysis

Recent research studies on liver diagnosis indicated difference in classification accuracy of various classifiers with different data sets. K-Nearest Neighbor classifier is observed to be giving best results with India liver patients’ data set with all feature set combinations. Performance is better for the India Liver dataset compared to UCLA liver dataset with all the selected algorithms [1]. In order to envisage the reason for this difference, we propose to analyze the liver patients’ populations of both USA and India. We have carried out extensive ANOVA, MANOVA analysis on these data sets to observe any significant difference among the groups. It has observed that liver patients of both the countries are having significant difference which is the reason for difference in classifiers performance. Results of this study are very important for the development of automatic medical diagnosis system and the need for its localization settings based
The Truth-Seeking and Open-Mindedness of Pre-Service Mathematics Teachers in the Solution of Non-Routine Problem

Whether one engages in truth-seeking and whether he or she is open-minded are indicative of his or her critical behavior when responding to problems at hand. This research sought to determine the behavioural tendencies of pre-service mathematics teachers in the solution of non-routine problems based on the indicators of truth-seeking and open-mindedness. It was qualitative in nature, with an exploratory descriptive methodology. The participants in the research comprised of 15 pre-service mathematics teachers. The data were collected through tests, direct observation, and interviews. To guarantee the validity and reliability of the research, the triangulation technique was used. It entailed comparing the direct observation results with the results of the test and the interviews. The findings and conclusions were reached and the results indicated that all the pre-service mathematics teachers had not yet attained critical thinking dispositions pertinent to truth-seeking. The participants did not investigate the truth behind the information provided, and they tended to answer questions directly.
Seat height in handrim wheelchair propulsion.

To study the effect of seat height on the cardiorespiratory system and kinematics in handrim wheelchair ambulation, nine non-wheelchair users participated in a wheelchair exercise experiment on a motor-driven treadmill. The subjects conducted five progressive exercise tests. After an initial try-out test, four tests were performed at different standardized seat heights of 100, 120, 140, and 160 degrees elbow extension (subject sitting erect, hands on the rim in top-dead-center = 12.00 hrs; full extension = 180 degrees). Each test consisted of four 3-minute exercise blocks at speeds of respectively 0.55, 0.83, 1.11, and 1.39 m.s-1 (2-5 km.hr-1). Analysis of variance revealed significant effects of seat height (P less than 0.05) on gross mechanical efficiency (ME), oxygen cost, push range, and push duration, and on the ranges of motion in the different arm segments and trunk. Mean ME appeared higher at the lower seat heights of 100 and 120 degrees elbow extension. This is reflected in an enhanced oxygen consumption at seat heights of 140 and 160 degrees elbow extension. Simultaneously, the push range showed a 15 to 20 degree decrease with increasing seat height, which is reflected in a decreased push duration. In the push phase, decreases in retroflexion and abduction/adduction of the upper arm were seen. The trunk shifted further forward, and the motion range in the elbow joint shifted to extension with increasing seat height. No shifts in minimum and maximum angular velocities were seen with increasing seat height. The results showed an interrelationship between wheelchair seat height and both cardiorespiratory and kinematic parameters. With respect to the cardiorespiratory system, the optimization of the wheelchair geometry, based on functional characteristics of the user, appears beneficial.
Assessing Pedagogy in Bioengineering Classrooms: Quantifying Elements of the “How People Learn” Model Using the VaNTH Observation System (VOS)

One goal of the VaNTH Engineering Research Center is to estimate the effects of the “value added” to bioengineering student learning as a result of “How People Learn” (HPL) framework interventions. A necessary step in that process is to assess pedagogical differences in both lecture‐based and HPL‐oriented courses. Data from 28 bioengineering courses, over five semesters, were analyzed using a newly developed HPL Index. This index, developed from the Classroom Interaction Observation portion of the VaNTH Observation System, reports levels of HPL‐inspired pedagogy, traditional pedagogy, and classroom organization within a class using codes for different types of faculty and student interactions assigned by an observer in real time. Results confirm the HPL Index's ability to distinguish pedagogical practices based on HPL principles and pedagogical practices based on traditional, non‐HPL pedagogy.
Applying Decision Trees to Gene Expression Data from DNA Microarrays: A Leukemia Case Study

Analyzing gene expression data is a challenging task since the large number of features against the shortage of available examples can be prone to overfitting. In order to avoid this pitfall and achieve high performance, some approaches construct complex classifiers, using new or well-established strate- gies. The main objective of this communication is to construct classifiers that can be human readable as well as robust in performance in microarray data us- ing decision trees. Using one well-known leukemia dataset, a publicly available gene expression classification problem, we show the feasibility of decision trees on microarray data. Summarizing our results, we have obtained simple decision trees with performance comparable to related work.
Ring-LWE Ciphertext Compression and Error Correction: Tools for Lightweight Post-Quantum Cryptography

Some lattice-based public key cryptosystems allow one to transform ciphertext from one lattice or ring representation to another efficiently and without knowledge of public and private keys. In this work we explore this lattice transformation property from cryptographic engineering viewpoint. We apply ciphertext transformation to compress Ring-LWE ciphertexts and to enable efficient decryption on an ultra-lightweight implementation targets such as Internet of Things, Smart Cards, and RFID applications. Significantly, this can be done without modifying the original encryption procedure or its security parameters. Such flexibility is unique to lattice-based cryptography and may find additional, unique real-life applications. Ciphertext compression can significantly increase the probability of decryption errors. We show that the frequency of such errors can be analyzed, measured and used to derive precise failure bounds for n-bit error correction. We introduce XECC, a fast multi-error correcting code that allows constant time implementation in software. We use these tools to construct and explore TRUNC8, a concrete Ring-LWE encryption and authentication system. We analyze its implementation, security, and performance. We show that our lattice compression technique reduces ciphertext size by more than 40% at equivalent security level, while also enabling public key cryptography on previously unreachable ultra-lightweight platforms. The experimental public key encryption and authentication system has been implemented on an 8-bit AVR target, where it easily outperforms elliptic curve and RSA-based proposals at similar security level. Similar results have been obtained with a Cortex M0 implementation. The new decryption code requires only a fraction of the software footprint of previous Ring-LWE implementations with the same encryption parameters, and is well suited for hardware implementation.