Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Word and phone level acoustic confidence scoring

This paper presents a word level confidence scoring technique based on a combination of multiple features extracted from the output of a phonetic classifier. The goal of this research was to develop a robust confidence measure based strictly on acoustic information. This research focused on methods for augmenting standard log likelihood ratio techniques with additional information to improve the robustness of the acoustic confidence scores for word recognition tasks. The most successful approach utilized a Fisher linear discriminant projection to reduce a set of acoustic features, extracted from phone level classification results, to a single dimension confidence score. The experiments in this paper were implemented within the JUPITER weather information system. The paper presents results indicating that the technique achieved significant improvements over standard log likelihood ratio techniques for confidence scoring.
Adverse Events for Hospitalized Medicare Patients: Is There a Difference between HMO and FFS Enrollees?

The study examines the likelihood of adverse outcomes associated with selected hospital safety events for two groups of Medicare patients: those enrolled in health maintenance organizations (HMOs) versus those enrolled in fee-for-service (FFS) insurance plans. The authors hypothesize that HMO patients may receive different qualities of hospital services and/or physician services relative to FFS patients. Based on the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project State Inpatient Database, the authors include discharge data on all hospitalized elderly Medicare patients in Florida in 2002 and use multivariate logistic regression models with adjustments for hospital-level clusters. The findings demonstrate that, after adjusting for hospital quality, Medicare HMO patients were at higher risk of adverse outcomes than Medicare FFS patients for iatrogenic pneumothorax, accidental puncture or laceration, and postoperative respiratory failure.
Character and Spatial Distribution of OH/H2O on the Surface of the Moon Seen by M3 on Chandrayaan-1

Lunar Water The Moon has been thought to be primarily anhydrous, although there has been some evidence for accumulated ice in permanently shadowed craters near its poles (see the Perspective by Lucey, published online 24 September). By analyzing recent infrared mapping by Chandrayaan-1 and Deep Impact, and reexamining Cassini data obtained during its early flyby of the Moon, Pieters et al. (p. 568, published online 24 September), Sunshine et al. (p. 565, published online 24 September), and Clark et al. (p. 562, published online 24 September) reveal a noticeable absorption signal for H2O and OH across much of the surface. Some variability in water abundance is seen over the course of the lunar day. The data imply that solar wind is depositing and/or somehow forming water and OH in minerals near the lunar surface, and that this trapped water is dynamic. Space-based spectroscopic measurements provide evidence for water or hydroxyl (OH) on the surface of the Moon The search for water on the surface of the anhydrous Moon had remained an unfulfilled quest for 40 years. However, the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) on Chandrayaan-1 has recently detected absorption features near 2.8 to 3.0 micrometers on the surface of the Moon. For silicate bodies, such features are typically attributed to hydroxyl- and/or water-bearing materials. On the Moon, the feature is seen as a widely distributed absorption that appears strongest at cooler high latitudes and at several fresh feldspathic craters. The general lack of correlation of this feature in sunlit M3 data with neutron spectrometer hydrogen abundance data suggests that the formation and retention of hydroxyl and water are ongoing surficial processes. Hydroxyl/water production processes may feed polar cold traps and make the lunar regolith a candidate source of volatiles for human exploration.
Decidual vascularization and the expression of angiogenic growth factors and proteases in first trimester spontaneous abortions.

BACKGROUND Decidual vascular development is important for implantation. This study analysed decidual vascular adaptation to implantation in correlation with miscarriage in decidual secretory endometrium (DSE), decidua parietalis (DP) and decidua basalis (DB) of miscarriage patients and matched controls. METHODS Decidua was obtained during first trimester termination of pregnancy (controls) and vacuum aspiration in case of missed abortion (cases). Vascularization and the expression of VEGF-A, placental growth factor, Flt-1, KDR, angiopoietin (Ang)-1, Ang-2, TIE-2, and membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases MT1-, MT2-, MT3- and MT5-MMP were determined at mRNA and protein level. Uterine natural killer cells (CD56), macrophages (CD68), proliferation (Ki67) and apoptosis (activated caspase-3) were evaluated in consecutive sections. RESULTS Decidual vascularization showed differences between cases and controls, i.e. fewer vessels with larger circumference in cases. This correlated with the differential expressions of various factors at mRNA/antigen level and with increased endothelial flt1, KDR, MT2- and MT5-MMP expression in miscarriage patients. The differences between cases and controls were probably not based on altered proliferation and/or apoptosis, since Ki67 and active Caspase-3 showed comparable expression levels in both groups. Although DB of cases and controls showed similar amounts of CD56- and CD68-positive cells, the case group did show elevated levels of CD56 in DSE (P < 0.05) and of CD68 in DP compared with the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The differences in vascularization and in the expression of angiogenic factors and proteases between groups suggest a correlation between decidual vascularization and the occurrence of miscarriages.
Causally Ordered Delivery Protocol for Overlapping Multicast Groups in Broker-based Sensor Networks

In sensor networks, there is a lot of overlapping multicast groups because of many subscribers, associated with their potentially varying specific interests, querying every event to sensors/publishers. Also gossip-based communication protocols are promising as one of potential solutions providing scalability in P(Publish)/ S(Subscribe) paradigm in sensor networks. Moreover, despite the importance of both guaranteeing message delivery order and supporting overlapping multicast groups in sensor or P2P networks, there exist little research works on development of gossip-based protocols to satisfy all these requirements. In this paper, we present a causally ordered delivery guaranteeing protocol for overlapping multicast groups, based on sensor-brokers as delegates. In the protocol based on sensor-broker, sensor-broker might lead to make overlapping multicast groups organized by subscriber’s interests. The message delivery order has been guaranteed consistently and all multicast messages are delivered to overlapping groups using gossip-based protocols by the sensor-broker. Therefore, these features of the protocol based on sensor-broker might be significantly scalable rather than those of the protocols by
Bone marrow transplantation in thalassemia.

: Early trials of allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT) for homozygous beta-thalassemia and the analyses of results of transplantation in patients less than 16 years old have allowed us to identify three classes of risk based on the following criteria: (a) hepatomegaly, (b) presence of liver fibrosis at histological examination, and (c) quality of chelation treatment given before transplant. Patients with none of these adverse criteria were assigned to Class 1; patients with either one or two adverse criteria comprised Class 2; and patients for whom all three criteria were adverse constituted Class 3. Most patients older than 16 years have disease characteristics that place them in Class 3, with very few falling into Class 2. All patients with a histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical donor are actually assigned to one of two conditioning regimens on the basis of the class they belong to at the time of BMT and independently of age. For Class 1, Class 2, and Class 3 patients, the probabilities of survival and event-free survival are 95 and 90%, 86 and 82%, and 87 and 63%, respectively. For those patients older than 16 years at the time of transplant, the probabilities of survival and of event-free survival are 78 and 74%, respectively. Allogeneic BMT is currently the only rational therapeutic modality for the eradication of beta-thalassemia.
Factorization of the tenth Fermat number

We describe the complete factorization of the tenth Fermat number F10 by the elliptic curve method (ECM). F10 is a product of four prime factors with 8, 10, 40 and 252 decimal digits. The 40-digit factor was found after about 140 Mflop-years of computation. We also discuss the complete factorization of other Fermat numbers by ECM, and summarize the factorizations
The Inverse Spectral Problem for the Discrete Cubic String

Given a measure m on the real line or a finite interval, the cubic string is the third order ODE −φ ′′′ = zmφ where z is a spectral parameter. If equipped with Dirichlet-like boundary conditions this is a nonselfadjoint boundary value problem which has recently been shown to have a connection to the Degasperis-Procesi nonlinear water wave equation. In this paper we study the spectral and inverse spectral problem for the case of Neumann-like boundary conditions which appear in a high-frequency limit of the Degasperis–Procesi equation. We solve the spectral and inverse spectral problem for the case of m being a finite positive discrete measure. In particular, explicit determinantal formulas for the measure m are given. These formulas generalize Stieltjes' formulas used by Krein in his study of the corresponding second order ODE −φ ′′ = zmφ. The inverse spectral problem for the discrete cubic string 2
Effects of Sourdough Addition on the Quality and Shelf Life of Chinese Steamed Bread

Abstract The effect of adding sourdough with lactic acid bacteria (Lactobacillus plantarum M616) on dough quality and the sensory scores, specific volume, crumb firmness, and spread ratio of resultant Chinese steamed bread were studied. The moisture content of crumb and texture characteristics of the Chinese steamed bread with sourdough during storage were analyzed. In this study, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% of sourdough addition was investigated. The sourdough starter resulted in significant decrease in the water absorption, development time, stability, and farinograph quality number of the dough. The addition of sourdough improved the quality of Chinese steamed bread such as improving the sensory scores and specific volume, decreasing the crumb firmness, and a lower spread ratio was observed with an increase in the sourdough concentration up to 30%. Sourdough addition delayed a fast decrease in the moisture content of the Chinese steamed bread crumb during storage. The texture profile analysis of the bread crumb indicated that the addition of sourdough improved the quality and delayed the staling speed of Chinese steamed bread during storage. Moreover, inclusion of 30% sourdough produced the best protective effect on product staling. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (31571780), Key Research Project in Higher Education of Henan (18A550002), Zhengzhou Science and Technology Innovation Team Program (121PCXTD518), School Funds of Henan University of Technology (2017QNJH11), and High-level Talent Foundation of Henan University of Technology (2017BS005)
Corneodesmosin: Structure, Function and Involvement in Pathophysiology

Corneodesmosin (CDSN) was identified in the early 90 th by raising monoclonal antibodies against human plantar stratum corneum. It is a protein specific to desmosomes that will undergo transformation into corneodesmosomes, i.e. in man, desmosomes of the epidermis, of the three epithelial layers of the inner root sheath of the hair follicles and of the hard palate epithelium. After its secretion by granular keratinocytes via the lamellar bodies, CDSN is incorporated into the desmoglea of the desmosomes shortly before their transformation into corneodesmosomes. CDSN displays adhesive properties, mostly attributable to its N-terminal glycine-rich domain, and is sequentially proteolyzed as corneocytes migrate towards the skin surface. The recent inactivation of Cdsn in mice induced a lethal epidermal barrier disruption and hair follicle degeneration related to desmosome dysfunction, confirming the essential role of the protein in epidermis and hair follicle integrity. CDSN is located on chromosome 6, in the major psoriasis susceptibility locus PSORS1. Intriguingly, the only monogenic disease identified so far associated with nonsense mutations in CDSN, leading to the formation of a truncated protein, is a rare autosomal dominant disease, hypotrichosis simplex of the scalp. In this review, we expose data from the discovery of the protein to the most recent findings related to the relationship between its structure and function. In particular, the important benefits of mouse models and human diseases for the comprehension of CDSN role in the epidermis and hair follicles are reported in details.
Techniques and processes for improving the quality and performance of open-source software

Open-source development processes have emerged as an effective approach to reduce cycle-time and decrease design, implementation, and quality assurance (QA) costs for certain types of software, particularly systems infrastructure software, such as operating systems (OS), compilers and language processing tools, text and drawing editors, and middleware. This article presents two contributions to the study of open-source software processes. First, we describe key challenges of open-source software and illustrate how QA processes—specifically those tailored to open-source development—help mitigate these challenges better than traditional closed-source processes do. Second, we summarize results of empirical studies that evaluate how our Skoll distributed continuous quality assurance (DCQA) techniques and processes help to resolve key challenges in developing and validating open-source software. Our results show that: (a) using models to configure and guide the DCQA process improves developer understanding of open-source software, (b) improving the diversity of platform configurations helps QA engineers find defects missed during conventional testing, and (c) centralizing control of QA activities helps to eliminate redundant work. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
New Therapeutic Avenues for Treatment of Fibrosis: Can We Learn from Other Diseases?

Crohn's disease (CD) is characterized by the frequent occurrence of complications, such as fibrotic strictures and subsequently the need for CD-related surgery. Chronic or recurrent inflammation is generally regarded to be a necessary precondition for the initiation of intestinal fibrosis. In this view, fibrosis is a pathologically augmented healing response to inflammation-induced mucosal tissue destruction and injury. At present, there are no approved or effective medical therapies aimed specifically at fibrosis or stricture in IBD. Indirect benefits may occur from anti-inflammatory therapies, although there is no consensus on this. Therapy for fibrosis is complicated by the fact that a wound-healing response is essential in CD and ulcerative colitis. Several pharmaceutical companies are now working on the therapy of fibrosis in other diseases. Strategies interfering with TGF-β expression and activation are promising. Pirfenidone has been studied in several clinical trials. Further therapeutic options are second-generation and wide-spectrum tyrosine kinase inhibitors. These inhibit growth factor receptor signaling, thus reducing fibrosis in animal models and some patients with tumor-associated fibrosis. At present, the development of antifibrotic therapies takes place in other diseases such as lung and liver fibrosis. This is partially due to a lack of experimental models for gut fibrosis and the fact that reliable readouts (MRI, serum markers) in patients are lacking. It will be important to test the above-mentioned newly available treatment strategies in IBD to profit from progress in other fibrotic diseases.
Suicide ideation in older adults: relationship to mental health problems and service use.

PURPOSE to assess the prevalence of suicide ideation among community-dwelling older adults and the relationship between suicide ideation, major psychiatric disorder, and mental health service use. DESIGN AND METHODS we use data from the Canadian Community Health Survey 1.2: Mental Health and Well-being (CCHS 1.2). We estimate the prevalence of suicide ideation and the prevalence of major psychiatric disorder and service use among ideators versus nonideators. In multivariate models, we consider the sociodemographic, social, and mental health correlates of suicide ideation and mental health care use. RESULTS in our sample, more than 2% of older adults reported suicide ideation in the past year and more than two thirds of these respondents did not meet the criteria for any of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition disorders assessed in the CCHS 1.2. In multivariate models, being male, younger, or widowed, reporting lower social support and higher psychological distress increased the likelihood of suicide ideation. More than 50% of the respondents who reported suicidal thoughts did not access any type of mental health care use. IMPLICATIONS although suicide ideation is associated with depression and anxiety disorders, many older adults with suicidal thoughts do not meet the criteria for these clinical disorders. The low prevalence of service use among older adults with suicide ideation suggests the need for further inquiry into the factors associated with discussing mental health concerns with health care providers, particularly among older adults who do not meet the criteria for clinical disorder.
Self-Training PCFG Grammars with Latent Annotations Across Languages

We investigate the effectiveness of self-training PCFG grammars with latent annotations (PCFG-LA) for parsing languages with different amounts of labeled training data. Compared to Charniak's lexicalized parser, the PCFG-LA parser was more effectively adapted to a language for which parsing has been less well developed (i.e., Chinese) and benefited more from self-training. We show for the first time that self-training is able to significantly improve the performance of the PCFG-LA parser, a single generative parser, on both small and large amounts of labeled training data. Our approach achieves state-of-the-art parsing accuracies for a single parser on both English (91.5%) and Chinese (85.2%).
Exact Learning of TBoxes in EL and DL-Lite

We study polynomial time learning of description logic TBoxes in Angluin et al.’s framework of exact learning via queries. We admit entailment queries (“is a given subsumption entailed by the target TBox? ”) and equivalence queries (“is a given TBox equivalent to the target TBox? ”), assuming that the signature and logic of the target TBox are known. We present three main results: (1) TBoxes formulated in the extension of DL-Litecore with ELI-concepts on the right-hand side of concept inclusions can be learned in polynomial time. (2) Neither general nor acyclic EL TBoxes can be learned in polynomial time. (3) EL TBoxes with only concept names on the right-hand side of concept inclusions can be learned in polynomial time. It follows, in particular, that non-polynomial time learnability of EL TBoxes is caused by the interaction between existential restrictions on the right and left-hand side of concept inclusions.
Dioritisation, granitisation et métamorphisme dans les Vosges cristallines du Nord. I. -Région comprise entre la plaine d'Alsace, d'Andlau à Saint-Nabor, et le Champ-du-Feu

Die Geologie des sudlichen Teiles des Champ-du-Feu Massivs wird geschildert und durch eine geologische Skizze dargestellt. Die Gesteine werden petro-graphisch und chemisch analysiert. Dabei werden die Prozessen der Kontaktmetamorphose, der Granitisation, und besonders der Dioritisation untersucht und ausgelegt. Es stellt sich heraus, dass die Diorite ehemalige Sedimente und Vulkanite darstellen, dass heisst teilweise Schiefer und Kalkablagerungen, teilweise pyroklastische Gesteine und Lavas. Es wird versucht, die Grenze zwischen Silur und Mitteldevon zu bestimmen. Verschiedene Granite werden auseinander getrennt und Hypothesen uber ihre Herkunft werden vorgeschlagen.
Evaluation of the mechanical deformation in incompressible linear and nonlinear magnetic materials using various electromagnetic force density methods

Mechanical deformation in incompressible linear and nonlinear magnetic materials was evaluated using various conventional electromagnetic volume and surface force density methods. These conventional force density methods are the Maxwell stress tensor method, Korteweg-Helmholtz force density method (KH), magnetic charge method, magnetizing current method, and Kelvin force density method (KV). The total force values obtained using these different force density methods were found to be the same and equal to the total force using the principle of virtual work, but the distribution of force density values calculated using the given force density methods was found to be different from each other. Using the given five force density methods, the mechanical deformations were evaluated and compared to one another. The KH and KV in incompressible material were shown to give the same mechanical deformation by employing the finite element method (FEM), verifying the theoretical equivalence. To implement the KV, the de.
L-fuzzy Fixed Point Theorems for L-fuzzy Mappings via β FL-admissible with Applications

*Correspondence: abdullahi.sirajo@udusok.edu. ng 1Department of Mathematics, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto, Nigeria Full list of author information is available at the end of the article Abstract In this paper, the authors use the idea of βFL -admissible mappings to prove some L-fuzzy fixed point theorems for a generalized contractive L-fuzzy mappings. Some examples and applications to L-fuzzy fixed points for L-fuzzy mappings in partially ordered metric spaces are also given, to support main findings.
Medical dilatation of the non‐pregnant cervix: the effect of ethinyl oestradiol on the visibility of the transformation zone

Summary. The cervical transformation zone (TZ) was not fully visible in 25 women referred to the colposcopy clinic with cytological suspicion of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). Each was given a 5‐day course of oral ethinyl oestradiol during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle, and colposcopy was then repeated. The transformation zone was visible at this second examination in 16 of the 25 patients. Of these patients, 11 were treated with a local destructive technique, nine by laser, two by cryocautery; one patient had a cone biopsy, and four patients did not require treatment. Although cone biopsy was necessary in 8 of the remaining 9 patients it is encouraging that the use of a simple medical regimen allowed us to avoid conisation and its morbidity in almost two thirds of these patients.