Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Attachment relationship to teacher and intensity of emotional expression in children with Down syndrome in regular kindergarten and nursery school

ABSTRACT Background We investigated attachment behaviours of children with Down syndrome (DS) toward their preschool teacher and examined whether children's emotional expressivity predicted the incidence of attachment behaviours. We hypothesised that children with DS will show a low level of secure attachment to their teacher and that emotional competence will be associated with secure attachment. Method Forty-one children with DS (21 males, 20 females, M mental age = 34.6 months, SD = 11.9) were matched with 51 typically developing (TD) children (24 males, 27 females, M mental age = 32.2 months, SD = 17.5). Attachment and socio-emotional development were assessed for each child. Results Children with DS presented lower scores of attachment, affiliation, anger, and emotional competence compared to TD children. Affiliation in high-stress situations was predictive of attachment behaviours. Conclusions The findings show that children with DS were less attached to the teacher and less emotionally expressive compared to TD children.
Study and Analysis of Tool-Chip Interface Friction in Orthogonal Metal Cutting by Finite Element Method

Using the capabilities of finite element models, it has recently become possible to deal with complicated conditions in metal cutting. Finite element modeling makes it possible to model several factors that are present during the chip formation including friction at the chip tool interface, temperature, stress, strain, and strain rate. The aim of understanding of metal cutting is to find ways to have high quality machined surfaces, while minimizing machining time and tooling cost. In the present work, an Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian (ALE) finite element formulation is used to simulate the continuous chip formation process in orthogonal cutting. The ALE is an effective way to simulate the chip formation. Since ALE utilizes the combination of Lagrangian and Eulerian formulations which reduces the element distortion that causes several numerical problems. The study involves the turning of AISI 4140 steel using a cemented carbide cutting tool. The material properties are extracted from previously published work, including the Johnson and Cook material model. The effect of feed rate and friction coefficient on cutting forces, thrust force, stresses, strain, and temperature need to be studied. Model solutions will be obtained by using commercially available finite element package ABAQUS/Explicit, V-6.9. Model verification is accomplished by comparing the predicted results with published experimental results. Friction behaviour at the tool-chip interface is one of the complicated subjects in metal cutting that still needs a lot of work. Several models have been presented in the past with different assumptions. In the current model, the Coulomb friction model, which assumes a constant friction coefficient, is used to model the friction. The effect of the constant friction model is considered by analyzing the FE simulation results for several friction coefficient values and comparing with the previous published experimental work. The different results obtained in FE analysis were analysis by using design of experiments in order find the dominant parameter in FE analysis of orthogonal metal cutting. Keywords—ALE FE Formulation; Adoptive meshing; Explicit multi-coupled dynamic analysis; Coulomb friction model; 2D simulation in ABAQUS/Explicit V-6.9. ; Optimization of simulation results.
Simvastatin affects cell motility and actin cytoskeleton distribution of microglia

Statin treatment is proposed to be a new potential therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS), an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. The effects of statin treatment on brain cells, however, are hardly understood. We therefore evaluated the effects of simvastatin treatment on the migratory capacity of brain microglial cells, key elements in the pathogenesis of MS. It is shown that exposure of human and murine microglial cells to simvastatin reduced cell surface expression of the chemokine receptors CCR5 and CXCR3. In addition, simvastatin treatment specifically abolished chemokine‐induced microglial cell motility, altered actin cytoskeleton distribution, and led to changes in intracellular vesicles. These data clearly show that simvastatin inhibits several immunological properties of microglia, which may provide a rationale for statin treatment in MS. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
ScienceDirect The 7 th International Conference on Applied Energy – ICAE 2015 Life cycle assessment of shale gas in the UK

The remarkable US growth of shale gas and the associated decrease in the US natural gas prices has catalysed an increasing interest of shale gas resource exploration in other areas of the world. Commercial drilling operations have not yet commenced, but exploration is taking place in some European countries, including the UK. Major environmental concerns, regarding the amount and the handling method of the emissions associated with hydraulic fracturing, the disposal of waste water and the low well productivity, have pushed some countries to ban exploration and trials. We contextualized the shale gas extraction to the UK condition where the estimate of recoverable gas has made the debate on shale gas highly interesting. We used the methodology of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) and estimated the environmental burden of shale gas production, processing and distribution at low pressure to the consumer. In this paper we have reported the detailed hot spot analysis of the impact of shale gas on the watersheds. © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of ICAE
Entonox® inhalation to reduce pain in common diagnostic and therapeutic outpatient urological procedures: a review of the evidence.

INTRODUCTION Entonox(®) (50% nitrous oxide and 50% oxygen; BOC Healthcare, Manchester, UK) is an analgesic and anxiolytic agent that is used to successfully reduce pain and anxiety during dental, paediatric and emergency department procedures. In this article we review the application and efficacy of Entonox(®) in painful local anaesthesia urological procedures by performing a systematic review of the literature. METHODS A MEDLINE(®) search was performed using the terms 'nitrous oxide', 'Entonox', 'prostate biopsy', 'flexible cystoscopy' and 'extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy'. English language publications of randomised studies were identified and reviewed. RESULTS The search yielded five randomised studies that investigated the clinical efficacy of Entonox(®) as an analgesic for day case urological procedures. Three randomised controlled trials (RCTs) investigated Entonox(®) in transrectal ultrasonography guided prostate biopsy. All three reported significant reductions in pain score in the Entonox(®) versus control groups. One RCT reported significant reduction in pain during male flexible cystoscopy in the Entonox(®) group compared with the control group. One RCT, which examined the use of Entonox(®) during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, found its use significantly decreased the pain score compared with the control group and this was comparable to intravenous pethidine. CONCLUSIONS Evidence from varied adult and paediatric procedures has shown Entonox(®) to be an effective, safe and patient acceptable form of analgesia. All published studies of its use in urological day case procedures have found it to significantly reduce procedural pain. There is huge potential to use this cheap, safe, effective analgesic in our current practice.
Critical review of Queensland's Crime and Misconduct Commission Inquiry into abuse of children in foster care: Social work's contribution to reform

This paper profiles Queensland's recent Crime and Misconduct Commission Inquiry into the abuse of children in foster care. The authors welcome the outcome as an opportunity to highlight the problems encountered by child protection jurisdictions in Australia and internationally, and they applaud some of the Inquiry's findings. However, the paper argues that the path to reform is hampered by insufficient accountability by government and management, and an inadequate challenge to the ideologies underpinning contemporary child protection policy and practice. The authors conclude with a call to value and assert social work's contribution to child protection systems so as to vastly improve outcomes for children and families.
The familial support system of Thai elderly: an overview.

"The present study is intended as an overview of the familial system of support for the elderly as it currently exists in Thailand. The focus is on living arrangements and material support of the elderly Thais in relation to their children. Data come from a nationally representative survey of the elderly in private households conducted in 1986. [The authors find that] the most prominent feature of the living arrangements of the Thai elderly and the most crucial aspect of the familial system of support and assistance as it currently exists in Thailand is co-residence with an adult child. "
Sorting out release, uptake and processing of alpha‐synuclein during prion‐like spread of pathology

Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurological disorder that is characterized by the formation of intracellular protein inclusion bodies composed primarily of a misfolded and aggregated form of the protein α‐synuclein. There is growing evidence that supports the prion‐like hypothesis of α‐synuclein progression. This hypothesis postulates that α‐synuclein is a prion‐like pathological agent and is responsible for the progression of Parkinson pathology in the brain. Potential misfolding or aggregation of α‐synuclein that might occur in the peripheral nervous system as a result of some insult, environmental or genetic (or more likely a combination of both) that might spread into the midbrain, eventually causing degeneration of the neurons in the substantia nigra. As the disease progresses further, it is likely that α‐synuclein pathology continues to spread throughout the brain, including the cortex, leading to deterioration of cognition and higher brain functions. While it is unknown why α‐synuclein initially misfolds and aggregates, a great deal has been learned about how the cell handles aberrant α‐synuclein assemblies. In this review, we focus on these mechanisms and discuss them in an attempt to define the role that they might play in the propagation of misfolded α‐synuclein from cell‐to‐cell.
Respiratory Effects of Seasonal Exposures to Ozone and Particles

Abstract Whereas human respiratory effects of brief ozone exposures are well documented, much less is known about the human health effects of mid- to long-term exposures. The authors' objective in this study was to determine whether lung function or respiratory symptom changes would occur over the course of a summer season among healthy young adults working outdoors in the presence of ozone. The authors studied 72 sophomore cadets from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point, New York, 21 of whom attended special summer training in Fort Dix, New Jersey, an area characterized by elevated ozone levels; the remaining cadets attended training in areas with moderate ozone levels (i.e., Fort Benning, Georgia; Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri; and Fort Sill, Oklahoma). The authors hypothesized that adverse respiratory outcomes, if any, would be more pronounced in the group exposed to higher ozone levels. Spirometry was performed and respiratory symptoms were assessed—both before and after the summer—in a clinic at West Point. Time spent outdoors during summer training averaged 11 hr/d. Both mean and peak ozone levels were higher at Fort Dix than at the three remaining sites. Regional levels of sulfur dioxide and particulate matter less than 10 μmlm in aerodynamic diameter were relatively low during the study. However, all cadets reported frequent exposure to dust, exhaust, and smoke in the course of their training. Averaged across all subjects, there was a statistically significant drop in forced expiratory volume in 1 sec of 44 ml (p = .035) over the summer. There were also significant increases in reports of cough, chest tightness, and sore throat at the follow-up clinic visit. A larger mean forced expiratory volume in 1 sec decline was observed at Fort Dix, where ozone exposures were the highest. The results of this study demonstrated a seasonal decline in respiratory function among healthy young adults working outdoors in the presence of ozone and particulate matter.
Moderating and Mediating Roles of Nurses' Beliefs

Health care is rapidly increasing the types of information systems (IS) that are used to manage patient care. The extent to which nurses move to a paperless system will be contingent on their beliefs about IS. The study explores the moderating and mediating effects of nurses' beliefs about IS use on the relationship between IS use and perceived benefits and satisfaction. A descriptive, correlational, cross-sectional design is used, and a random sample of 201 staff nurses working in hospitals was surveyed via a mail questionnaire. Nurses' beliefs have mediating effects on the relationship between nurses' IS use and their perceptions of IS benefits and satisfaction. The results can guide nurse administrators to improve nurses' perceptions about IS by using such methods as providing a training program to increase nurses' computer self-efficacy. Enhancing nurses' use of IS and their perceptions of IS benefits can ultimately improve patient safety and outcomes.
Neutralization of primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolates by the broadly reactive anti-V3 monoclonal antibody, 447-52D

Human monoclonal antibody 447-52D binds to the V3 determinant of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gp120 external glycoprotein. Its binding requires the expression of the GPxR sequence at the center of the V3 domain. HIV-1 variants that are adapted to replication in T-lymphoid cell lines and express this sequence motif are efficiently neutralized by the antibody (M. K. Gorny, A. J. Conley, S. Karwowska, A. Buchbinder, J.-Y. Xu, E. A. Emini, S. Koenig, and S. Zolla-Pazner, J. Virol. 66:7538-7542, 1992). In the present study, the antiviral activity of 447-52D was further defined with regard to its ability to mediate neutralization of primary HIV-1 clinical isolates. Again, the antibody was found to potently neutralize those isolates that expressed the binding sequence. We confirmed that this determinant is commonly expressed by virus isolates belonging to the subtype (clade) B sequence classification. As such, 447-52D may be useful for prophylactic and immunotherapeutic intervention. In addition, the study demonstrated that neutralization of primary HIV-1 isolates is possible if mediated by an appropriate antibody.
Coronally advanced flap: the post-surgical position of the gingival margin is an important factor for achieving complete root coverage.

BACKGROUND An assessment of the factors affecting the clinical outcome of root coverage procedures may be useful in clinical decision making. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the post-surgical location of gingival margin relative to the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ) can influence the recession reduction (RecRed) and complete root coverage (CRC) following coronally advanced flap procedure (CAF). METHODS Sixty patients, aged between 22 and 57 years, 15 males and 45 females, each showing maxillary buccal recessions (> or =2 mm) identified as Miller's Class I were consecutively enrolled. All the defects were treated by CAF procedure from 2000 to 2003 by a single operator with more than 20 years of clinical experience. Age, gender, smoking habits, and type of tooth of each patient were recorded. In addition, the following clinical data were measured or computed: recession depth, width of keratinized tissue, probing depth, distance between incisal margin (IM) and CEJ, dental hypersensitivity, clinical attachment level, distance between IM and gingival margin (IMGM), distance between IM and mucogingival junction (IMMG), and the location of gingival margin relative to the CEJ following CAF procedure (GM(1)). A multiple linear regression, and a logistic linear regression analyses were performed. RESULTS The recession depth at baseline (Rec(T0)) and the location of the gingival margin after suturing (GM(1)) are positively correlated to recession reduction. Complete root coverage appeared to be influenced by GM(1): the more coronal the level of the gingival margin after suturing (GM(1)), the greater the probability of CRC. CONCLUSION The location of the gingival margin relative to the cemento-enamel junction following CAF procedure seems to affect CRC.
Supports for Families Affected by Substance Abuse

Using an in-home services program model, Project Connect works collaboratively with the child welfare system, substance abuse treatment providers, the courts, and other community agencies to support parental recovery, enhance safety and permanency, and strengthen family relationships. Results from the most recent evaluation of the program, which used a dosage level design to examine project outcomes for 415 families, are presented here. Data indicate that the program was particularly helpful in strengthening parenting capacity. Child safety and permanency were also positively correlated with program participation.
Effects of artichoke (Cynara scolymus) leaf and bloom head extracts on chemically induced DNA lesions in Drosophila melanogaster

The genotoxicity of bloom head (BHE) and leaf (LE) extracts from artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.), and their ability to modulate the mutagenicity and recombinogenicity of two alkylating agents (ethyl methanesulfonate – EMS and mitomycin C – MMC) and the intercalating agent bleomycin (BLM), were examined using the somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART) in Drosophila melanogaster. Neither the mutagenicity nor the recombinogenicity of BLM or MMC was modified by co- or post-treatment with BHE or LE. In contrast, co-treatment with BHE significantly enhanced the EMS-induced genotoxicity involving mutagenic and/or recombinant events. Co-treatment with LE did not alter the genotoxicity of EMS whereas post-treatment with the highest dose of LE significantly increased this genotoxicity. This enhancement included a synergistic increase restricted to somatic recombination. These results show that artichoke extracts promote homologous recombination in proliferative cells of D. melanogaster.
Prevalence of Diabetes among Obese People in Bénin: Case of the Cities of Bohicon and Abomey

Obesity is rising sharply in most industrialized countries as well in developing areas and this increase was parallel to that of diabetes mellitus. Both physiopathologic ties diseases are real health problems. This adds to a psychological impact which caused an economic and social cost of primary importance. The present work, firstly aims at evaluating the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in obese persons and secondly at looking for other risk factors for diabetes in obese people. 130 people (20 men and 110 women) were sampled in the cities of Bohicon and Abomey in Bénin. The variables studied were: age, gender, anthropometric variables (height, weight, body mass index, waist circumference, capillary and blood glucose), biochemical variables (plasma glucose, total cholesterol, high density lipid –HDL-, low density lipoprotein –LDL-). The prevalence of diabetes in the obese people taken into account was 15.38%, the rate was seven times higher than that found in non-obese. Even if this rate is higher than that of non-obese population, it shows that not all diabetics are obese. We were not able to assess the impact of heredity and dyslipemia on the development of diabetes in obese people. To conclude, obesity is not directly linked to the origin of the diabetic condition, but it triggers diabetes more than it causes it.
A Writing Self-Efficacy Scale for Non-Native Students of Turkish Origin: A Validity and Reliability Study

The present study aimed to develop a scale to measure the writing self-efficacy of non-native students of Turkish origin (Uzbek, Kazak etc.) who come from abroad to Turkey for education. Firstly, the distinctiveness of each item in the item pool was examined in the data analysis. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used in the second phase of the data analysis. As a result of the analysis, a scale with 2 factors and 17 items was obtained. These two factors explain 58.45% of the variance. The factor loads of the items vary between . 479 - . 867. Consistency index values obtained as a result of CFA were found to be GFI=0,90, AGFI=0,86, CFI=0,99; NFI= 0,97, RMSEA=0,049 and SRMR=0.041; (X2=158.07, df=114, p<.01); and the X2 / df ratio was found to be 158.07/114=1.39. The Cronbach alpha reliability coefficient of the scale was calculated as 0.81 and 0.93 for sub-scales and 0.94 for the entire scale. © 2013 IOJES. All rights reserved
Electromagnetic Fields and Human Endocrine System

Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF EMF) are commonly present in daily life all over the world. Moreover, EMF are used in the physiotherapy of many diseases because of their beneficial effects. There is widespread public concern that EMF may have potential consequences for human health. Although experimental animal studies indicate that EMF may influence secretion of some hormones, the data on the effects of EMF on human endocrine system are scarce. Most of the results concentrate on influence of EMF on secretion of melatonin. In this review, the data on the influence of EMF on human endocrine system are briefly presented and discussed.
Fathering is a Feminist Issue

Feminist theory has not yet addressed the ways in which the ideology of fatherhood has contributed to interlocking inequalities for women in both the workplace and family life. This paper is an effort to inject a feminist voice into the redefinition of fathering, which I see as essential both to the achievement of equality for women and to the reconstruction of the masculine gender role. I begin by describing how our unconscious gender ideology pressures all families to become traditional patriarchal families. I address feminist concerns about the dangers of overvaluing fathers' contributions to child development. I review the research evidence on whether fathers have the same potential for nurturing as mothers, and examine gay fathering in particular. Finally, I suggest that redefining fathering to emphasize nurturing as well as providing will place attachment and connection at the center of gender socialization for men. Masculinity would then become much less oppressive for men as well as for women.