Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analyzing the Impact of Access Point Density on the Performance of Finite-Area Networks

Assuming a network of infinite extent, several researchers have analyzed small-cell networks using a Poisson point process (PPP) location model, leading to simple analytic expressions. The general assumption has been that these results apply to finite-area networks as well. However, do the results of infinite-area networks apply to finite-area networks? In this paper, we answer this question by obtaining an accurate approximation for the achievable signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) and user capacity in the downlink of a finite-area network with a fixed number of access points (APs). The APs are uniformly distributed within the area of interest. Our analysis shows that, crucially, the results of infinite-area networks are very different from those for finite-area networks of low-to-medium AP density. Comprehensive simulations are used to illustrate the accuracy of our analysis. For practical values of signal transmit powers and AP densities, the analytic expressions capture the behavior of the system well. As an added benefit, the formulations developed here can be used in parametric studies for network design. Here, the analysis is used to obtain the required number of APs to guarantee a desired target capacity in a finite-area network.
Atypical bacterial infections explained by a concomitant virus infection.

Because both viral and bacterial infections are common during early childhood, dual infections are not unexpected. However, the clinical manifestation of such combined infections may be, difficult to interpret, and they are often misdiagnosed as "atypical bacterial infection. " Five patients with concomitant viral-bacterial infections are described. In all five cases, virus detection enabled the physicians to better understand an otherwise puzzling clinical presentation. In view of the recent progress in rapid viral diagnoses and the potential of antiviral drugs, the possibility of dual infection should be investigated more often.
Nutritional supplementation to reduce child aggression: a randomized, stratified, single-blind, factorial trial.

BACKGROUND While some studies suggest that nutritional supplementation may reduce aggressive behavior in children, they have not examined whether its efficacy may be enhanced in conjunction with other treatment approaches. This study tests the hypothesis that a nutritional supplementation of omega-3, multivitamins, and minerals over 3 months, combined with cognitive behavior therapy, will reduce childhood aggression. METHODS In this randomized, single-blind, stratified, factorial trial, a high-risk community sample of 290 children aged 11-12 years were randomized into Nutrition only, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) only, Nutrition + CBT, and Control groups. The primary outcome measures of child- and parent-reported aggressive and antisocial behavior were collected at 0 months (baseline), 3 months (end of treatment), 6 months (3 months posttreatment), and 12 months (9 months posttreatment). The trial ('Healthy Brains & Behavior: Understanding and Treating Youth Aggression (HBB)' was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov at https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00842439 RESULTS: For child self-reports, children in the Nutrition only group showed reduced externalizing behavior compared to Controls at 3 months. At 6 months, the Nutrition + CBT group scored lower on externalizing behavior compared to both CBT only and Control groups. Findings were more in evidence for an Aggressive-Reactive form of antisocial behavior than for a Callous-Proactive form. Effect sizes were in the small-to-medium range (d = -.33 to -.37). Group differences were not sustained 9 months posttreatment, and no other effects were significant. CONCLUSIONS Findings provide some limited support for the efficacy of omega-3, vitamin, and mineral supplementation in reducing aggressive behavior in children, and represent the first evaluation of nutritional supplements in conjunction with CBT.
Maternal inheritance of severe hypertriglyceridemia impairs glucose metabolism in offspring

Abstract Maternally inherited familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) impairs glucose metabolism and increases cardiovascular risks in the offspring to a greater degree than paternal inherited FH. However, it remains unknown whether hypertriglyceridemia affects glucose metabolism via inheritance. In this study, we sought to compare the impact of maternally and paternally inherited hypertriglyceridemia on glucose and lipid metabolism in mice. ApoCIII transgenic mice with severe hypertriglyceridemia were mated with non-transgenic control mice to obtain 4 types of offspring: maternal non-transgenic control and maternal transgenic offspring, and paternal control and paternal transgenic offspring. Plasma triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and fasting insulin (FINS) were measured. ApoCIII overexpression caused severe hypertriglyceridemia, but the transgenic female mice had unaltered fertility with normal pregnancy and birth of pups. The 4 groups of offspring had similar birth weight and growth rate. The plasma TG of maternal and paternal transgenic offspring were nearly 40-fold higher than maternal and paternal control mice, but there was no difference in plasma TG between maternal and paternal transgenic offspring. Although the FPG of the 4 groups of animals had no difference, the maternal transgenic mice showed impaired glucose tolerance, increased FINS levels and higher homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) than the other 3 groups. In conclusion, maternally inherited hypertriglyceridemia in ApoCIII transgenic mice displayed impaired glucose tolerance, hyperinsulinemia and increased HOMA-R, while paternally inherited hypertriglyceridemia did not have such impacts.
Caffeine consumption and the risk of breast cancer in a large prospective cohort of women.

BACKGROUND Prospective data relating caffeine consumption to breast cancer risk are limited. METHODS We evaluated the association between caffeine consumption and breast cancer risk in women enrolled in a completed cancer prevention trial. Detailed dietary information was obtained at baseline (1992-1995) from 38 432 women 45 years or older and free of cancer. During a mean follow-up of 10 years, we identified 1188 invasive breast cancer cases. RESULTS Consumption of caffeine and caffeinated beverages and foods was not statistically significantly associated with overall risk of breast cancer. The multivariate relative risks (RRs) of breast cancer were 1.02 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84-1.22) for caffeine (top vs bottom quintile), 1.08 (0.89-1.30) for coffee (> or =4 cups daily vs almost never), and 1.03 (0.85-1.25) for tea (> or =2 cups daily vs almost never). However, in women with benign breast disease, a borderline significant positive association with breast cancer risk was observed for the highest quintile of caffeine consumption (RR, 1.32; 95% CI, 0.99-1.76) and for the highest category of coffee consumption (> or =4 cups daily) (1.35; 1.01-1.80); tests for interaction were marginally significant. Caffeine consumption was also significantly positively associated with risk of estrogen receptor-negative and progesterone receptor-negative breast cancer (RR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.01-2.81) and breast tumors larger than 2 cm (1.79; 1.18-2.72). CONCLUSIONS These data show no overall association between caffeine consumption and breast cancer risk. The possibility of increased risk in women with benign breast disease or for tumors that are estrogen and progesterone receptor negative or larger than 2 cm warrants further study.
The role of diet and specific micronutrients in the etiology of oral carcinoma

Carcinoma of the oral cavity is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Tobacco smoking and the consumption of alcoholic beverages are significant risk factors but to the authors' knowledge the role of nutrition is not adequately understood. The authors undertook an epidemiologic study of oral carcinoma occurring in Greece, where tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption are common but the incidence of the disease is among the lowest reported in Europe.
Making Human Beings Human: Bioecological Perspectives on Human Development. The SAGE Program on Applied Developmental Science.

Acknowledgements Dedication Foreword - Richard M. Lerner Introduction Section I: ON THE NATURE OF BIOECOLOGICAL THEORY AND RESEARCH Section Introduction Article 1. The Bioecological Theory of Human Development (2001) Article 2. Social Ecology over Time and Space (1995) Article 3. Social Status, Structure, and Development in the Classroom Group (1942) Article 4. Social Ecology of Human Development (1973) Article 5. Lewinian Space and Ecological Substance (1977) Article 6. A Future Perspective (1979) Article 7. Toward a Critical History of Development. A Propaedeutic Discussion (1986) Article 8. Interacting Systems in Human Development. ResearchParadigms: Present and Future (1988) Article 9. Developing Ecology (1989) Article 10. Ecological Systems Theory (1992) Article 11. Heredity, Environment and the Question "How. " A First Approximation (1993) Section II: USING THE ECOLOGY OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT TO ENHANCE THE HUMAN CONDITION Section Introduction Article 12. Growing Chaos in the Lives of Children and Families. How Can We Turn it Around? (2001) Article 13. The Split Level American Family (1967) Article 14. Minority Report of Forum 15- 1970 White House Conference on Children (1970) Article 15. Two Worlds of Childhood: U.S. and U.S.S.R. (1970) Article 16. Is 80% of Intelligence Genetically Determined? (1975) Article 17. The Future of Childhood (1985) Article 18. Strengthening Family Systems (1988) Article 19. Child Care in the Anglo-Saxon Mode (1992) Afterword - Stephen F. Hamilton and Stephen J. Ceci
The cardio renal anemia syndrome: correcting anemia in patients with resistant congestive heart failure can improve both cardiac and renal function and reduce hospitalizations.

Anemia (Hemoglobin of < 12 to 13 g/dl) is frequently encountered in patients with congestive heart failure (CHF). This anemia may be partly due to hemodilution, partly to the associated reduction in renal function, and partly to the use of ACE inhibitors and aspirin. However, there is evidence that CHF alone--through excessive cytokine production may also reduce the bone marrow and cause anemia. In several recent studies anemia has been found to be associated with a more severe degree of CHF, a higher rate of death, renal failure, hospitalization and evidence of malnutrition. In both uncontrolled and controlled studies correction of anemia with erythropoietin with or without the addition of i.v. iron has been attempted. The correction of anemia has been associated with a marked improvement in New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional cardiac class and Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction, a marked reduction in the need for hospitalization and high dose oral and i.v. diuretics, and an improvement in exercise capacity, peak exercise oxygen utilization and quality of life. The serum creatinine, which had been increasing steadily before treatment, stabilized with the correction of anemia. All this suggests that control of anemia in CHF could become a valuable addition to the therapeutic armamentarium of CHF and might also play a major role in the prevention of progressive renal failure.
Exchanging Preliminary Information in Concurrent Engineering: Alternative Coordination Strategies

Successful application of concurrent development processes (concurrent engineering) requires tight coordination. To speed development, tasks often proceed in parallel by relying on preliminary information from other tasks, information that has not yet been finalized. This frequently causes substantial rework using as much as 50% of total engineering capacity. Previous studies have either described coordination as a complex social process, or have focused on the frequency, but not the content, of information exchanges. Through extensive fieldwork in a high-end German automotive manufacturer, we develop a framework of preliminary information that distinguishes information precision and information stability. Information precision refers to the accuracy of the information exchanged. Information stability defines the likelihood of changing a piece of information later in the process.This definition of preliminary information allows us to develop a time-dependent model for managing interdependent tasks, producing two alternative strategies: iterative and set-based coordination. We discuss the trade-offs in choosing a coordination strategy and how they change over time. This allows an organization to match its problem-solving strategy with the interdependence it faces. Set-based coordination requires an absence of ambiguity, and should be emphasized if either starvation costs or the cost of pursuing multiple design alternatives in parallel are low. Iterative coordination should be emphasized if the downstream task faces ambiguity, or if starvation costs are high and iteration (rework) costs are low.
Reconfigurable All-band GNSS RF CMOS receiver

This paper presents a fully integrated reconfigurable all-band RF receiver for GPS/GLONASS/Galileo/Compass in 55 nm CMOS. The receiver incorporates two RF front-ends and two IF channels (IFC) to process any two GNSS signals. A switching module (SWM) is integrated to provide the connectivity between different RF front-end and IFC, which will effectively simplify the design complexity of the IFC and save power consumption. A flexible frequency planning with two frequency synthesizers is utilized to achieve the reception of any two GNSS signals. Several digitally-assisted calibration modules are integrated to ensure that the chip performance only shows a weak PVT dependence. While drawing about 26-29.2 mA per channel from a 1.2 V supply, this RF receiver achieve an image rejection ratio (IMRR) of more than 49 dB, an automatic gain control (AGC) range of 88 dB, and an input-referred 1 dB compression point (IP1dB) of better than -25 dBm with a noise figure (NF) of about 2 dB. The whole receiver consumes an active die area of about 3.5 mm2.
The rate of apoptosis in post mitotic neutrophil precursors of normal and neutropenic humans

Abstract. Using data on the fraction of post‐mitotic neutrophil precursors (CD15+ cells) displaying positive markers for apoptosis in 12 normal humans, and a simple mathematical model, we have estimated the apoptotic rate to be about 0.28/day in this compartment. This implies that the influx of myelocytes into the post‐mitotic compartment exceeds twice the granulocyte turnover rate (GTR), and that about 55% of the cells entering this compartment die before being released into the blood. The normal half life of apoptotic post‐mitotic neutrophil precursors is calculated to be 10.4 h. Comparable calculations for patients indicate apoptosis rates in the post‐mitotic compartment of about 17 times normal for one myelokathexis patient and rates of about 13 times normal for the one cyclical neutropenic patient and two severe congenital neutropenic patients. The estimated half life for apoptotic post‐mitotic neutrophil precursors in the myelokathexis patient was about 0.4 h, 1.4 h in the cyclical neutropenia patient, and about 0.6 h in the severe congenital neutropenic patients.
MicroRNAs in the Human Heart: A Clue to Fetal Gene Reprogramming in Heart Failure

Background— Chronic heart failure is characterized by left ventricular remodeling and reactivation of a fetal gene program; the underlying mechanisms are only partly understood. Here we provide evidence that cardiac microRNAs, recently discovered key regulators of gene expression, contribute to the transcriptional changes observed in heart failure. Methods and Results— Cardiac transcriptome analyses revealed striking similarities between fetal and failing human heart tissue. Using microRNA arrays, we discovered profound alterations of microRNA expression in failing hearts. These changes closely mimicked the microRNA expression pattern observed in fetal cardiac tissue. Bioinformatic analysis demonstrated a striking concordance between regulated messenger RNA expression in heart failure and the presence of microRNA binding sites in the respective 3 untranslated regions. Messenger RNAs upregulated in the failing heart contained preferentially binding sites for downregulated microRNAs and vice versa. Mechanistically, transfection of cardiomyocytes with a set of fetal microRNAs induced cellular hypertrophy as well as changes in gene expression comparable to the failing heart. Conclusions— Our data support a novel mode of regulation for the transcriptional changes in cardiac failure. Reactivation of a fetal microRNA program substantially contributes to alterations of gene expression in the failing human heart.
Group strategic decision making: asynchronous GSS using structured conflict and consensus approaches

This longitudinal experiment investigated the efficiency, effectiveness and group member perceptions of dialectical inquiry (DI) and constructive consensus (CC) approaches to strategic decision making in an asynchronous (distributed) computer-mediated-communications (CMC) environment. There were no differences between DI and CC groups in terms of decision effectiveness. DI groups required significantly more asynchronous meeting time to complete their recommendations and had higher perceived depth of evaluation than CC groups. CC groups reported greater decision acceptance and willingness to work together again than DI groups. Relatively few experiential effects were observed. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for group support systems research and design. <<ETX>>
Fluorescent actin analogs with a high affinity for profilin in vitro exhibit an enhanced gradient of assembly in living cells

Constitutive centripetal transport of the actin-based cytoskeleton has been detected in cells spreading on a substrate, locomoting fibroblasts and keratocytes, and non-locomoting serum-deprived fibroblasts. These results suggest a gradient of actin assembly, highest in the cortex at the cytoplasm-membrane interface and lowest in the non-cortical perinuclear cytoplasm. We predicted that such a gradient would be maintained in part by phosphoinositide-regulated actin binding proteins because the intracellular free Ca2+ and pH are low and spatially constant in serum-deprived cells. The cytoplasm-membrane interface presents one surface where the assembly of actin is differentially regulated relative to the non-cortical cytoplasm. Several models, based on in vitro biochemistry, propose that phosphoinositide-regulated actin binding proteins are involved in local actin assembly. To test these models in living cells using imaging techniques, we prepared a new fluorescent analog of actin that bound profilin, a protein that interacts with phosphoinositides and actin-monomers in a mutually exclusive manner, with an order of magnitude greater affinity (Kd = 3.6 microM) than cys-374-labeled actin (Kd > 30 microM), yet retained the ability to inhibit DNase I. Hence, we were able to directly compare the distribution and activity of a biochemical mutant of actin with an analog possessing closer to wild-type activity. Three-dimensional fluorescence microscopy of the fluorescent analog of actin with a high affinity for profilin revealed that it incorporated into cortical cytoplasmic fibers and was also distributed diffusely in the non- cortical cytoplasm consistent with a bias of actin assembly near the surface of the cell. Fluorescence ratio imaging revealed that serum- deprived and migrating fibroblasts concentrated the new actin analog into fibers up to four-fold in the periphery and leading edge of these cells, respectively, relative to a soluble fluorescent dextran volume marker, consistent with the formation of a gradient of actin filament density relative to cell volume. Comparison of these gradients in the same living cell using analogs of actin with high and low affinities for profilin demonstrated that increased profilin binding enhanced the gradient. Profilin and related proteins may therefore function in part to bias the assembly of actin at the membrane-cytoplasm interface.
Information on pros and cons of prostate-specific antigen testing to men prior to blood draw: A study from the National Prostate Cancer Register (NPCR) of Sweden

Abstract Objective. Recent guidelines on serum testing of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels in asymptomatic men emphasize the importance of an informed decision. This study assessed the proportion of men who had received written or oral information on the possible consequences of testing of serum levels of PSA before blood draw. Material and methods. From the National Prostate Cancer Register (NPCR) in Sweden, 600 men per year were randomly selected out of all men with T1c prostate cancer who were diagnosed in the work-up of a PSA test as a part of health examination in 2006–2008. In a mailed questionnaire these men were asked whether and how they had been informed about the pros and cons of a PSA test prior to blood draw. Results. In total, 1621 out of 1800 men (90.1%) responded to the questionnaire; 39/1563 (2.5%) reported that they had received only written information before testing, 179/1563 (11.5%) had received both oral and written information, 763/1563 (48.8%) had received oral information only, 423/1563 (27.1%) had not received any information and 159/1563 (10.2%) were not aware of that a PSA test had been performed. Conclusions. The proportion of men who had received written information on the pros and cons of a PSA test before blood draw in the setting of a health examination was low. Improved routines for giving information to the patient before a PSA test are warranted.
On the classification of transitive effective actions on Stiefel manifolds

Introduction. Let G be a compact connected Lie group and H a closed subgroup of G. Then the coset space G/H is a smooth manifold with G acting transitively as translations. It is easy to see that the natural action of G on G/H is effective if and only if H contains no nontrivial normal subgroup of G. For a given compact homogeneous space M= G/H, one might ask whether there are any other (differentiably nonequivalent) transitive effective actions on M? And furthermore, what are all the possible nonequivalent transitive effective actions on M? In the special case that M is a sphere, the above classification problem has been completely solved by the successive efforts of Montgomery and Samelson [10], Borel [1], and Poncet [11]. The purpose of this paper is to continue, along this direction, to classify the transitive effective actions on the Stiefel manifolds. Let Vfl,k be the Stiefel manifold of orthonormal (n-k)-frames in the euclidean n-space. If we consider Vf,k as a subset of the space of n x (n k) matrices, then SO(n) acts on Vfl,k by matrix multiplication from the left and SO(n-k) acts on Vfl,k by matrix multiplication from the right. Suppose G is any compact Lie group such that SO(n) c G c SO(n) x SO(n k), then it is easy to see that G acts on V ,k transitively (and effectively in many cases). Our main result is that: "For many values of n and k, every transitive effective action on Vfl,k is differentiably equivalent to one of the above examples. " Parallel results are also proved for the complex and symplectic Stiefel manifolds. Technically, the most difficult part of the proof is to show that any transitive group G on Vn k contains a simple normal subgroup G1 that already acts transitively! In the case of transitive groups on spheres, the above fact is an easy consequence of the particularly simple structure of the cohomology group of spheres [10], which is no longer available in our case. For this purpose we introduce the concept of irreducible transitive action, namely, G is said to be an irreducible transitive group on M if there is no proper normal subgroup of G that is already transitive on M. With the help of a cohomological criterion of irreducible transitivity, the uniqueness of irreducible transitive effective action on a Stiefel manifold is established