Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-Document Summarization Using Graph-Based Iterative Ranking Algorithms and Information Theoretical Distortion Measures

Text summarization is an important field in the area of natural language processing and text mining. This paper proposes an extraction-based model which uses graph-based and information theoretic concepts for multi-document summarization. Our method constructs a directed weighted graph from the original text by adding a vertex for each sentence, and compute a weighted edge between sentences which is based on distortion measures. In this paper we proposed a combination of these two models by representing the input as a graph, using distortion measures as the weight function and a ranking algorithm. Finally, a ranking algorithm is applied to identify the most important sentences to be included in the summary. By defining a proper distortion measure and ranking algorithm, this model gains promising results on the DUC2002 which is a well known real world data set. The results and ROUGE-1 scores of our model is fairly close to other successful models.
Experimentally induced Brucella abortus infection in pregnant goats.

Pregnant goats in midgestation (7 to 16 weeks) were conjunctivally exposed to Brucella abortus strain 2308 to evaluate their applicability as an animal model for bovine brucellosis. Brucellae were isolated from uterine fluid and/or placental specimens of 10 of 12 does at parturition. Six of the 10 infected does delivered dead fetuses and 1 of the 10 delivered live, premature twins. Dead fetuses typically contained brucellae in multiple tissues, whereas brucellae generally were not isolated at birth from live kids. After parturition, B abortus was excreted in the milk and uterine fluids of the infected does. At necropsy (6 weeks after parturition), organisms in the doe were primarily in the uterus and in the lymph nodes that drained the mammary glands, uterus, and head. Brucella abortus was most often isolated from the cranial lymph nodes of neonates that had remained with their dam for 6 weeks after parturition. Serum anti-Brucella antibody concentrations were determined by use of standard tube agglutination, mercaptoethanol agglutination, Rivanol plate tests, card tests, complement fixation, hemolysis-in-gel tests, and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Serologic responses were detected 2 to 3 weeks after exposure and remained detectable until parturition. Antibody titers increased after parturition in does shedding B abortus at parturition. Anti-Brucella antibody was not detected in neonates before colostrum intake. The neonate's postcolostral titers were similar to those in the dam at the time of parturition. Milk anti-Brucella antibody was detected in milk (milk ring test) from infected and noninfected mammary glands. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Tests of causal linkages between cannabis use and psychotic symptoms.

AIM To examine possible causal linkages between cannabis use and psychosis using data gathered over the course of a 25-year longitudinal study. DESIGN A 25-year longitudinal study of the health, development and adjustment of a birth cohort of 1265 New Zealand children (635 males, 630 females). SETTING The Christchurch Health and Development Study, a general community sample. PARTICIPANTS A total of 1055 participants from the Christchurch Health and Development Study (CHDS) cohort for whom data on cannabis use and psychotic symptoms were available on at least one occasion from 18, 21 and 25 years. MEASUREMENTS As part of this study, data were gathered on frequency of cannabis use and psychotic symptoms at ages 18, 21 and 25 years. FINDINGS Regression models adjusting for observed and non-observed confounding suggested that daily users of cannabis had rates of psychotic symptoms that were between 1.6 and 1.8 times higher (P < 0.001) than non-users of cannabis. Structural equation modelling suggested that these associations reflected the effects of cannabis use on symptom levels rather than the effects of symptom levels on cannabis use. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study add to a growing body of evidence suggesting that regular cannabis use may increase risks of psychosis. The present study suggests that: (a) the association between cannabis use and psychotic symptoms is unlikely to be due to confounding factors; and (b) the direction of causality is from cannabis use to psychotic symptoms.
A Comparison of the Effects of Practice Tests and Traditional Review on Performance and Calibration

Abstract The impact of practice tests on students' calibration and exam performance for multiple-choice and essay items was investigated. The participants were 59 graduate students enrolled in 1 of 2 sections (practice tests and no practice tests) of an introductory research methods in education course. Practice tests were associated with significantly lower scores on the midterm multiple-choice items and less accurate predictions and postdictions on those items. High-achieving students were more accurate in their calibrations than low-achieving students. Among low-achieving students, prediction and postdiction accuracy was significantly higher for essay than for multiple-choice items. In open-ended responses, a large percentage of students who took the practice tests indicated that they were a beneficial review strategy.
Does Repeated and Heavy Exercise Impair Blood Rheology in Carriers of Sickle Cell Trait?

Objective:To determine if the time courses of hemorheologic parameters are different between carriers of sickle cell trait (SCT) and subjects with normal hemoglobin in response to exercise. Design:Observational and comparative study. Setting:Testing was conducted in a laboratory of exercise physiology. Participants:Nine carriers of sickle cell trait (SCT group) and 7 subjects with normal hemoglobin (CONT group) performed an exercise protocol of the repetition of 3 successive maximal ramp exercise tests. Interventions:Blood was sampled at rest (TR), at the end of each of the 3 tests (T1, T2, T3), and during the immediate (T2h) and late (T24h, T48h) recovery periods. Main Outcome Measurements:Blood and plasma viscosity (&eegr;b and &eegr;p, respectively), hematocrit (Hct), and red blood cell (RBC) rigidity (Tk and k indexes) were determined. Results:In both groups, &eegr;b significantly increased in response to exercise but the SCT group had significantly higher &eegr;b at T3 and T2h. &eegr;b then returned to baseline value at T2h in the CONT group and at T24h in the SCT group. Tk and k were not changed by exercise but significantly increased above baseline value in both groups at T24h and T48h. The increase in Tk and k during late recovery was higher in the SCT group than in the CONT group, indicating that SCT carriers had significantly higher RBC rigidity than the CONT group at that time. Conclusions:The hemorheologic changes induced by exercise in the SCT carriers could trigger microcirculatory disorders during the recovery.
Medical student and patient perspectives on bedside teaching.

I have 3 comments on the interesting study by Kianmehr et al1 on the medical student and patient perspectives on bedside teaching. First, bedside teaching (BST) has long been considered the most effective method to teach clinical skills and communication skills. Kianmehr et al’s study1 supports that consideration by addressing in their study that most of the medical students believed that BST is an effective way for learning the principles of history taking, physical examination, practical skills, data registry, communicating skills, evidence-based medicine, and interpretation of para-clinical findings. However, BST is thought to be underutilized as many barriers confront its successful application: lack of respect for the patient; time constraints; learner autonomy; faculty attitude, knowledge, and skill, and over-reliance on modern technology.2,3 A variety of strategies were suggested to mitigate these barriers: orienting and including the patient; addressing time constraints through flexibility, selectivity, and integration with work; providing learners with reassurance, reinforcing their autonomy, and incorporating them into the teaching process; faculty development; and advocating evidence-based physical diagnosis.3 Second, Kianmehr et al1 showed that 60% of the studied adult patients were comfortable with BST. Actually, parents of sick children do share that comfort with BST as it was found that bedside rounds have a positive impact on parents’ attitudes toward physicians, that they do not dilute the child’s sense of relationship with the primary attending physician, and that they contribute to certain aspects of resident education.4 Third, BST with evidence-based practice elements, supported by e-learning activities, could play an important role in modern medical education. Teachers have to incorporate evidence from the medical literature to increase student motivation, and interactivity.5
Behavior Regulation and Early Math and Vocabulary Knowledge in German Preschool Children

Research Findings: Behavior regulation, including paying attention, remembering instructions, and controlling action, contributes to children's successful adaptation to and functioning in preschool and school settings. This study examined the development of behavior regulation in early childhood and its potential contribution to individual differences in children's early knowledge (mathematics and vocabulary). Sixty German preschool children were administered a direct observational measure of behavior regulation, the Head-to-Toes Task, and a standardized test to assess early mathematics and vocabulary. Results revealed significant gains in behavior regulation between of 3 and 4 years of age. Moreover, early gender differences were found, with girls outperforming boys at age 4. Behavior regulation was significantly related to performance on the academic tasks, but the pathways to math and vocabulary knowledge differed. Practice or Policy: Discussion focuses on the role of behavior regulation in early academic achievement.
The relative input of payoffs and probabilities into risk judgment

The study was designed to investigate the relative input of payoffs and probabilities into risk judgment on the basis of the analysis of information search pattern. The modified version of MouselabWeb software was used as an investigative tool. The amount, the kind and the order of information accessed by subjects to evaluate risk was collected from ordinary respondents and respondents trained in mathematics and statistics. In the latter group were 75 students and young researchers working at National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). The ordinary subjects were 67 Polish students of social sciences. As expected, the NASA group considered more information than ordinary students and searched for more information about probabilities. However, the ratio of information about payoffs to probabilities was close to 1 in both groups. Moreover, average risk rates were similar in both groups. It was also observed that risk rates were positively related with the amount of information about probabilities considered by subjects.
Some Problems in Defining Social Power

To define power relations as completely asymmetrical is to overlook intercursive power relations in which actors control others in some scopes and are controlled by them in other scopes. In integral power relations, the power holder retains an irreducible authonomy, but his power can be negatively limited in various ways. Power is a narrower concept than social control. It should be limited to intended and successful control of others, although such international control clearly permits greater unintended control as well. When power is defined as a "capacity," it may be either actual or potential. Potential power, however, is not the same thing as merely possible power, which in the case of groups requires social mobilization to become both actual and potential.
Model Uncertainty, Thick Modelling and the Predictability of Stock Returns

Recent financial research has provided evidence on the predictability of asset returns. In this Paper we consider the results contained in Pesaran-Timmerman (1995), which provided evidence on predictability of excess returns in the US stock market over the sample 1959-92. We show that the extension of the sample to the nineties weakens considerably the statistical and economic significance of the predictability of stock returns based on earlier data. We propose an extension of their framework, based on the explicit consideration of model uncertainty under rich parameterizations for the predictive models. We propose a novel methodology to deal with model uncertainty based on ‘thick’ modelling, i.e. considering a multiplicity of predictive models rather than a single predictive model. We show that portfolio allocations based on a thick modeling strategy systematically outperform thin modelling.
Condition-dependent functional connectivity: syntax networks in bilinguals

This paper introduces a method to study the variation of brain functional connectivity networks with respect to experimental conditions in fMRI data. It is related to the psychophysiological interaction technique introduced by Friston et al. and extends to networks of correlation modulation (CM networks). Extended networks containing several dozens of nodes are determined in which the links correspond to consistent correlation modulation across subjects. In addition, we assess inter-subject variability and determine networks in which the condition-dependent functional interactions can be explained by a subject-dependent variable. We applied the technique to data from a study on syntactical production in bilinguals and analysed functional interactions differentially across tasks (word reading or sentence production) and across languages. We find an extended network of consistent functional interaction modulation across tasks, whereas the network comparing languages shows fewer links. Interestingly, there is evidence for a specific network in which the differences in functional interaction across subjects can be explained by differences in the subjects' syntactical proficiency. Specifically, we find that regions, including ones that have previously been shown to be involved in syntax and in language production, such as the left inferior frontal gyrus, putamen, insula, precentral gyrus, as well as the supplementary motor area, are more functionally linked during sentence production in the second, compared with the first, language in syntactically more proficient bilinguals than in syntactically less proficient ones. Our approach extends conventional activation analyses to the notion of networks, emphasizing functional interactions between regions independently of whether or not they are activated. On the one hand, it gives rise to testable hypotheses and allows an interpretation of the results in terms of the previous literature, and on the other hand, it provides a basis for studying the structure of functional interactions as a whole, and hence represents a further step towards the notion of large-scale networks in functional imaging.
The Value-Relevance of Foreign Currency Derivatives Disclosures

This paper studies the value-relevance of FCD disclosures of European non-financial firms. Our findings show that these firms use FCDs to hedge and not to speculate but that the impact of hedging strategies' disclosures is statistically and economically weak revealing that either (i) managers hedge only a small proportion of the currency risk they are facing, or that (ii) investors make systematic errors when assessing the link between disclosed FCD usage and firms' risk exposures. We find strong evidence in favor of the existence of economies of scale in hedging and that European firms engage in hedging programs in response to tax convexity.
, trajectories of the homing pigeon using Gaussian processes Objectively identifying landmark use and predicting flight

References http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing. org/content/8/55/210.full. html#related-urls Article cited in: http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing. org/content/8/55/210.full. html#ref-list-1 This article cites 11 articles, 4 of which can be accessed free This article is free to access Subject collections (77 articles) environmental science  (190 articles) computational biology  (212 articles) biomathematics  Articles on similar topics can be found in the following collections Email alerting service here right-hand corner of the article or click Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article sign up in the box at the top
Outreach Nurses' Perceptions of the Spiritual Needs of Their Homebound Older Clients

Abstract Due to poor health, advancing age and isolation, home-bound seniors are likely to have significant spiritual needs. We explored nurses' perceptions of these needs through a focus group with nurses who provide outreach services to frail older adults, we explored nurses' perceptions of the spiritual needs of their patients. Patients' spiritual needs were seen primarily in terms of spiritual distress. This distress was connected to feelings of anger, guilt and the need for forgiveness, estrangement and abandonment, and fear, and concerns regarding identity, worth and personal legacy. The nurse participants identified a number of ways that they dealt with these needs which they had developed largely through working with homebound seniors. Both lack of training and time constraints were seen as barriers to addressing the spiritual needs of patients.
The Effect of Bacterial Infection on the Biomechanical Properties of Biological Mesh in a Rat Model

Background The use of biologic mesh to repair abdominal wall defects in contaminated surgical fields is becoming the standard of practice. However, failure rates and infections of these materials persist clinically. The purpose of this study was to determine the mechanical properties of biologic mesh in response to a bacterial encounter. Methods A rat model of Staphylococcus aureus colonization and infection of subcutaneously implanted biologic mesh was used. Samples of biologic meshes (acellular human dermis (ADM) and porcine small intestine submucosa (SIS)) were inoculated with various concentrations of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus [105, 109 colony-forming units] or saline (control) prior to wound closure (n = 6 per group). After 10 or 20 days, meshes were explanted, and cultured for bacteria. Histological changes and bacterial recovery together with biomechanical properties were assessed. Data were compared using a 1-way ANOVA or a Mann-Whitney test, with p<0.05. Results The overall rate of staphylococcal mesh colonization was 81% and was comparable in the ADM and SIS groups. Initially (day 0) both biologic meshes had similar biomechanical properties. However after implantation, the SIS control material was significantly weaker than ADM at 20 days (p = 0.03), but their corresponding modulus of elasticity were similar at this time point (p>0.05). After inoculation with MRSA, a time, dose and material dependent decrease in the ultimate tensile strength and modulus of elasticity of SIS and ADM were noted compared to control values. Conclusion The biomechanical properties of biologic mesh significantly decline after colonization with MRSA. Surgeons selecting a repair material should be aware of its biomechanical fate relative to other biologic materials when placed in a contaminated environment.
Expressions of Dissent in Email

This study explores the role of email in organizational dissent expression and employees’ perceptions of the rules for using this medium. Twenty-one interviews were conducted with employees who commonly used email in their job to learn about some of the ways email was seen as playing a role in organizational dissent by those who commonly use the technology. Thematic analysis of data produced two rules employees cited for email usage: be careful what is committed to writing (because of loss of message control and fear of being monitored) and maintain an appropriate, professional communication style (free of emotion, sent only to the appropriate people, and used for topics not needing face-to-face interaction). Three additional strategic roles of email in organizational dissent include emails as a means of promoting strategic self-presentation; email as a means of inviting dissent; and email as a means of documenting/archiving potentially problematic interactions. The implications of this study for existing and future studies of dissent are explored.
A common genetic fingerprint in leprosy and Crohn's disease?

The cause-and-effect relationship between severe infections and death suggests that microbial pathogens are evolutionary sculptors of the genome. However, the genetic component of susceptibility to infections in the general population is complex and heterogeneous and is modulated by environmental factors such as determinants of microbial virulence. Thus, it is a challenge to identify specific genetic effects in human populations. Availability of the human genome sequence, combined with knowledge of genetic variation, has facilitated the genomewide association study, a powerful approach to detecting genetic associations. In this issue of the Journal, Zhang and colleagues1 describe a genomewide association study of leprosy, .
mTOR Complex 2 Targets Akt for Proteasomal Degradation via Phosphorylation at the Hydrophobic Motif*

The protein kinase Akt (also known as protein kinase B) is a critical signaling hub downstream of various cellular stimuli such as growth factors that control cell survival, growth, and proliferation. The activity of Akt is tightly regulated, and the aberrant activation of Akt is associated with diverse human diseases including cancer. Although it is well documented that the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 2 (mTORC2)-dependent phosphorylation of the Akt hydrophobic motif (Ser-473 in Akt1) is essential for full Akt activation, it remains unclear whether this phosphorylation has additional roles in regulating Akt activity. In this study, we found that abolishing Akt Ser-473 phosphorylation stabilizes Akt following agonist stimulation. The Akt Ser-473 phosphorylation promotes a Lys-48-linked polyubiquitination of Akt, resulting in its rapid proteasomal degradation. Moreover, blockade of this proteasomal degradation pathway prolongs agonist-induced Akt activation. These data reveal that mTORC2 plays a central role in regulating the Akt protein life cycle by first stabilizing Akt protein folding through the turn motif phosphorylation and then by promoting Akt protein degradation through the hydrophobic motif phosphorylation. Taken together, this study reveals that the Akt Ser-473 phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination and degradation is an important negative feedback regulation that specifically terminates Akt activation.
Needs Assessment

University Health Lakewood Medical Center: 2022 Community Health Needs Assessment (CHNA) is a report based on the epidemiological, qualitative and comparative methods that assess adult health issues and access to services in University Health’s primary service area – Jackson County in Missouri. The following implementation strategy outlines the goals and strategies that demonstrate how University Health will address the CHNAidentified priority health needs for the next three fiscal years from December 2022 through June 2025 are: