Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ALD of Hafnium Oxide Thin Films from Tetrakis(ethylmethylamino)hafnium and Ozone

Hafnium oxide (HfO 2 ) thin films were deposited from tetrakis(ethylmethylamino)hafnium (TEMAH) and ozone (O 3 ) by atomic layer deposition (ALD) on 200 mm silicon wafers. The O 3 half-reaction shows good saturation behavior. However, gradual surface saturation is observed for the TEMAH half-reaction. Within wafer non-uniformity of less than 1% and step coverage of about 100% were achieved for trenches with aspect ratio of around 40:1. The film thickness increased linearly as the number of cycles increased. From susceptor temperatures of 160-420°C, the lowest deposition rate (A/cycle) and the highest refractive index is observed at 320°C. The atomic ratio of hafnium to oxygen determined by Rutherford backscattering is 1:2.04 for the films deposited at 320°C. The carbon and hydrogen content determined by secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) decreased as the susceptor temperature increased from 200 to 320°C. Lower carbon and hydrogen levels were obtained in the control films made with H 2 O than the films made with O 3 . A reaction mechanism of the TEMAH + O 3 ALD process is discussed. The results show that an O 3 -based ALD HfO 2 deposition is promising for microelectronic applications.
Clinical significance of stem cell marker CD133 expression in colorectal cancer.

OBJECTIVE CD133, a glycoprotein, is expressed in different types of human stem cells and tumor cells. Detection of altered CD133 expression in colorectal cancer tissues could be useful as a marker for the prediction of colorectal tumorigenesis, progression, and prognosis. METHODS A total of 19 fresh and 145 paraffin-embedded tissue specimens from colorectal cancer patients were obtained for detection of CD133 expression using flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The tumorigenic capacity of tumor cells from 19 patients was assessed in nude mice. Association of CD133 expression was then analyzed for clinical significance. RESULTS The percentage of CD133-positive (CD133⁺) tumor cell population ranged between 0.84% and16.75% (mean ratio =7.15%) of tumor cells in the 19 freshly isolated tissue samples. CD133 expression in tumor cells was associated with tumor lymph node metastasis (9.81% vs. 3.22%; p=0.013) and poor tumor differentiation (8.32% vs. 5.07%; p=0.043). In the 145 paraffin-embedded samples, CD133⁺ colorectal cancer was also associated with local recurrence of tumorigenesis (p=0.035) and distant metastasis (p=0.017), while patients with over 5% CD133+ tumor cells exhibited a decreased survival rate (p=0.001). Multivariate COX analysis showed that the depth of tumor invasion, histology, stagWaes, lymph node metastasis, and CD133 expression were all independent prognosis factors for colorectal cancer (p=0.032, 0.011, 0.001, 0.002, and 0.030, respectively). Furthermore, as few as 5,000 CD133⁺ colorectal cancer HCT116 cells were sufficient to form tumor xenografts, whereas 1x10⁵ CD133⁻ tumor cells failed to develop tumor xenografts in nude mice. CONCLUSIONS CD133 expression is a useful biomarker for prediction of colorectal cancer progression and survival of patients.
The Composing Processes of Unskilled College Writers.

ABSTRACT The findings from a study of five student dertaker to determine how unskilled college writers compose, whether their writing processes can be analyzed in a systematic manner, and what an increased understanding of those processes suggests about the nature cf composing and about the manner in which writing is taught are presented in this paper. The first part summarizes the goals of the study, the kinds of data collected, and the research methods Pmpitly ed. The second par* is a synopsis cf the case study of one of the student writers. The third part presents a condensed version of the findings on the composing process and discusses these findings in light of current pedagogical, practice and research design. Appendixes contain writing topics used in the study, student writing samples, And copies of composing style sheets. IFL)
Computational stereo camera system with programmable control loop

Stereoscopic 3D has gained significant importance in the entertainment industry. However, production of high quality stereoscopic content is still a challenging art that requires mastering the complex interplay of human perception, 3D display properties, and artistic intent. In this paper, we present a computational stereo camera system that closes the control loop from capture and analysis to automatic adjustment of physical parameters. Intuitive interaction metaphors are developed that replace cumbersome handling of rig parameters using a touch screen interface with 3D visualization. Our system is designed to make stereoscopic 3D production as easy, intuitive, flexible, and reliable as possible. Captured signals are processed and analyzed in real-time on a stream processor. Stereoscopy and user settings define programmable control functionalities, which are executed in real-time on a control processor. Computational power and flexibility is enabled by a dedicated software and hardware architecture. We show that even traditionally difficult shots can be easily captured using our system.
Effect of molecular disease subsets on disease-free survival in randomized adjuvant chemotherapy trials for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.

PURPOSE The majority of estrogen receptor (ER)-positive cancers are sensitive to endocrine therapy and may not derive much further benefit from chemotherapy, but a subset are potentially chemotherapy sensitive. Molecular diagnostic tests allow the identification of these various subsets with some accuracy. The goal of the current analysis was to examine how the proportion of cases in the various risk (recurrence score [RS]) categories of a commercially available multigene assay influences the power of randomized trials to show benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS We modeled 10-year disease-free survival (DFS) for hypothetical, two-arm clinical trials that randomly assigned patients with ER-positive breast cancer to endocrine therapy alone or endocrine therapy plus chemotherapy. We varied the proportion of patients in low, intermediate, and high RS categories and used DFS estimates for each risk group based on results from the Southwest Oncology Group 8814 study. RESULTS The probability of observing significant improvement in DFS as a result of chemotherapy decreases as the proportion of patients in the low RS category increases. For example, if a trial is designed with 80% power and the actual proportion of low RS patients accrued to the study increases from 40% to 60%, the power drops to 63%. CONCLUSION Variable accrual of low RS patients into different randomized adjuvant chemotherapy trials may partly explain contradictory results in the literature. Studies can be underpowered to detect improvement with chemotherapy as a result of inclusion of too many patients with low RS. Future adjuvant studies for ER-positive breast cancer will need to consider stratifying patients by molecular subtype.
Shared Residence: A Review of Recent Research Evidence

Shared residence, where children divide their time between parents after separation or divorce is becoming more common. This paper reviews recent empirical research on the prevalence and durability of shared residence arrangements, the satisfaction of parents and children, and the impact of shared residence on child well being. The evidence reviewed suggests that shared residence can be a positive outcome where parents are able to co-operate and where arrangements are centred around children’s needs but that shared residence in higher conflict cases, typically following litigation, is associated with negative outcomes for children. The review concludes that the adoption of a shared residence presumption in England and Wales would, following recent Australian experience, lead to a rapid expansion of the ‘wrong type’ of shared residence, that is amongst the high conflict litigating cases least equipped to make it work for children.
Quenched Large Deviations for One Dimensional Nonlinear Filtering

Consider the standard, one dimensional, nonlinear filtering problem for diffusion processes observed in small additive white noise: $dX_t=b(X_t)dt+ dB_t,\ dY_t^{\varepsilon}=\gamma(X_t)dt+\varepsilon dV_t,$ where $B_\cdot, V_\cdot$ are standard independent Brownian motions. Denote by $q^{\varepsilon}_1(\cdot)$ the density of the law of $\Xi_1$ conditioned on $\sigma(Y_t^{\varepsilon}: 0\leq t\leq 1)$. We provide ``quenched" large deviation estimates for the random family of measures $q^{\varepsilon}_1(x)dx$: there exists a continuous, explicit mapping $\bar {\cal J} : {\Bbb R}^2\to{\Bbb R}$ such that for almost all $B_\cdot,V_\cdot$, $\bar {\cal J}(\cdot,X_1)$ is a good rate function, and for any measurable $G\subset {\Bbb R}$, $$ -\inf_{x\in G^o} \bar {\cal J}(x,X_1) \leq {\liminf_{\varepsilon \rightarrow 0}} {\varepsilon} \log \int_G q_1^{\varepsilon}(x) dx \leq {\limsup_{\varepsilon \rightarrow 0}} {\varepsilon} \log \int_G q_1^{\varepsilon}(x) dx\nonumber \leq -\inf_{x\in \bar G} \bar {\cal J}(x,X_1). $$
Planar InAs/AlSb HEMTs With Ion-Implanted Isolation

The fabrication and performance of planar InAs/AlSb high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) based on ion-implantation isolation technology are reported. Ar atoms have been implanted at an energy of 100 keV and with a dose of 2 ×1015 cm-2 in order to induce device isolation. The InAs/AlSb HEMT exhibited a maximum drain current of 900 mA/mm, a peak transconductance of 1180 mS/mm, and an fT/fmax ratio of 210 GHz/180 GHz at a low drain bias of 0.3 V. The combination of excellent stability against oxidation with the high device isolation demonstrated by the implantation technique can dramatically improve the suitability of InAs/AlSb HEMTs for high-frequency and ultralow-power MMIC applications.
Inclusion: Where is it Happening?

One of the most significant changes that has occurred in public education in the United States over the past 15 years has been the movement toward inclusion— that is, educating students with disabili­ ties for increasingly more of the school cjay in general education classrooms. In examining data from the Annual Reports to Congress (1991, 1997), we ask: How have inclusionary philosophies affected where students are educated in U.S. pub­ lic schools? T h i s ar t ic le e x a m i n e s c h a n g e s that have occurred in the number of U.S. stu­ dents who are identified with disabilities s ince inclusion began in earnest in the late 1980s , as well as movement toward educating these students in more inclu­ s ive s e t t i n g s . Da ta a n a l y z e d i n c l u d e placements of students from the 50 U.S. s t a t e s , the Dis t r i c t o f C o l u m b i a , and Puerto Rico. Dulti S o u N 0 S
Multicue-Based Crowd Segmentation Using Appearance and Motion

In this paper, our aim is to segment a foreground region into individual persons in crowded scenes. We will focus on the combination of multiple clues for crowd segmentation. To ensure a wide range of applications, few assumptions are needed on the scenarios. In the developed method, crowd segmentation is formulated as a process to group the feature points with a human model. It is assumed that a foreground region has been detected and that an informative foreground contour is not required. The approach adopts a block-based implicit shape model (B-ISM) to collect some typical patches from a human being and assess the possibility of their occurrence in each part of a body. The combination of appearance cues with coherent motion of the feature points in each individual is considered. Some results based on the USC-Campus sequence and the CAVIAR data set have been shown. The contributions of this paper are threefold. First, a new B-ISM model is developed, and it is combined with joint occlusion analysis for crowd segmentation. The requirement for an accurate foreground contour is reduced. In addition, ambiguity in a dense area can be handled by collecting the evidences inside the crowd region based on the B-ISM. Furthermore, motion cues-which are coherent moving trajectories of feature points from individuals"are combined with appearance cues to help segment the foreground region into individuals. The usage of motion cues can be an effective supplement to appearance cues, particularly when the background is cluttered or the crowd is dense. Third, three features have been proposed to distinguish points on rigid body parts from those with articulated movements. Coherent motion of feature points on each individual can be more reliably identified by excluding points with articulated motion.
Validation of an Adaptation of the Stress Process Model for Predicting Low Back Pain Related Long-term Disability Outcomes: A Cohort Study

Study Design. Twelve-month cohort study. Objective. The aim of the study was to examine the ability of an adaptation of the stress process model to predict different outcomes among low back pain (LBP) sufferers. Summary of Background Data. Recently, the stress process model was adapted and was shown to be useful to partially explain long-term disability related to low back pain, an important occupational health problem. Methods. French-speaking compensated workers on sick leave because of subacute common LBP (N = 439) completed a questionnaire including the adapted stress process model's factors: life events and appraisal, cognitive appraisal of LBP, emotional distress, avoidance coping strategies, and functional disability. Six and 12 months later, participants gave information about their work status, number of days of absence, and functional disability. Regression analyses were performed to identify significant predictive factors of these outcomes. Pain intensity, fear of work, gender, and presence of pain radiating below the knee were used as control variables. Results. Number of days of absence, functional disability, and absence from work were predicted at 6 and 12 months by cognitive appraisal of LBP and emotional distress. Functional disability was predicted in addition by functional disability at study entry (T1). When the control variables were considered, number of days of absence was predicted at 6 months by cognitive appraisal, fear of work, and being a male, and, in addition, by emotional distress at 12 months. Functional disability was predicted by functional disability t1, emotional distress, cognitive appraisal of LBP, and fear of work at 6 months, and by the same factors and variables at 12 months, except for functional disability t1. Regarding absence from work, it was predicted at 6 months by fear of work and being a male, and at 12 months by cognitive appraisal of LBP and fear of work. Conclusion. In association with fear of work, 2 factors from the adapted stress process model are significantly useful for predicting LBP related long-term disability outcomes and could be targeted by preventive interventions.
Gender and ethics

Purpose – Previous research indicates that women often perform more ethically on the job than do men. However, the results have been mixed, suggesting that further inquiry is needed. The purpose of this paper is to explore this important topic in a large healthcare organization. A field study sought to identify gender differences in ethical judgment, ethical intention, and organization‐based altruism in a healthcare organization, thereby providing some insight into the individual differences that influence ethical reasoning in the healthcare industry.Design/methodology/approach – The investigation was based on survey data returned from a large sample of faculty and staff employed by a multiple‐campus health science center. Multivariate and univariate statistical modeling was used to evaluate the relationship between gender and ethical reasoning/conduct.Findings – The findings suggest that women are generally more ethical than men. Being a woman was related to increased ethical judgment, being a woman and .
NF-κB Regulates Spatial Memory Formation and Synaptic Plasticity through Protein Kinase A/CREB Signaling

ABSTRACT Synaptic activity-dependent de novo gene transcription is crucial for long-lasting neuronal plasticity and long-term memory. In a forebrain neuronal conditional NF-κB-deficient mouse model, we demonstrate here that the transcription factor NF-κB regulates spatial memory formation, synaptic transmission, and plasticity. Gene profiling experiments and analysis of regulatory regions identified the α catalytic subunit of protein kinase A (PKA), an essential memory regulator, as a new NF-κB target gene. Consequently, NF-κB inhibition led to a decrease in forskolin-induced CREB phosphorylation. Collectively, these results disclose a novel hierarchical transcriptional network involving NF-κB, PKA, and CREB that leads to concerted nuclear transduction of synaptic signals in neurons, accounting for the critical function of NF-κB in learning and memory.
Obstacles Adapted Physical Education Specialists Encounter When Developing Transition Plans

The purpose was to ascertain what obstacles adapted physical education (APE) specialists in Wisconsin had encountered while developing physical activity leisure transition plans (LTP) in accordance with the PL 105-17 mandate on transition services. Also addressed were the reasons why some APE specialists had not written LTPs or been involved in transition planning. Participants included 155 APE specialists representing 91 school districts in Wisconsin who returned a mailed questionnaire (i.e., a 75% return rate). Results indicated that only 21% (n = 33) of the APE specialists had written a LTP. Sixty-four percent (n = 78) of the specialists who reported not having written a LTP said that they had never been asked to be part of transition planning. APE specialists who had written LTPs indicated that transportation, social isolation, and budget restrictions were the greatest barriers.
Clinical Features and Prognosis of Gastric MALT Lymphoma With Special Reference to Responsiveness to H. pylori Eradication and API2-MALT1 Status

BACKGROUND AND AIM:Clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of Helicobacter pylori eradication-resistant gastric MALT lymphoma have not been well clarified. We analyzed a consecutive series of gastric MALT lymphomas at our institution regarding treatment, clinical course, and prognosis, with special reference to responsiveness to H. pylori eradication and presence of API2-MALT1.METHODS:Subjects were 92 consecutive patients with gastric MALT lymphoma. Seventy were H. pylori positive, and 87 received H. pylori eradication therapy. The remaining five cases were API2-MALT1 positive and did not receive eradication treatment. Second-line treatments were radiation therapy, total gastrectomy, and chemotherapy (rituximab, rituximab plus CHOP, or rituximab plus 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine). RESULTS:Gastric MALT lymphoma was classified into three groups, except one case with API2-MALT1 who responded to H. pylori eradication therapy: responders without API2-MALT1 (group A, N = 56, 65%), nonresponders without API2-MALT1 (group B, N = 16, 19%), and nonresponders with API2-MALT1 (group C, N = 14, 16%). Most cases in group A attained complete remission (CR) in 2 or 3 months and CR persisted for an average of 51.1 months (3–134 months). Recurrence was only seen in one case. In groups B and C, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and total gastrectomy resulted in CR in 13, 5, and 2 cases, respectively. In 5 group B patients and 6 group C patients who did not undergo second-line therapy, disease did not progress for an average of 10.4 and 40.1 months, respectively. In 1 group C case who did not receive second-line treatment, lymphoma metastasized to the lung 12 yr after eradication. All group B patients and all but 2 group C patients remain alive; one of these deaths was from gastric carcinoma developing 7 yr after eradication.CONCLUSION:Gastric MALT lymphoma responding to H. pylori eradication demonstrated good prognosis, and for nonresponsive cases, second-line treatments resulted in CR. However, careful observation for development of gastric carcinoma and disease progression is essential during follow-up of API2-MALT1-positive MALT lymphoma when patients decline second-line treatment.
Anger, Aggression, and Interventions for Interpersonal Violence

Contents: Preface. T.A. Cavell, K.T. Malcolm, The Anger-Aggression Relation. Part I: Anger, Aggression, and General Models of Intervention. R.W. Novaco, Anger Dysregulation. R. DiGiuseppe, C. Cannella, J. Kelter, Effective Anger Treatments Require a Functional Analysis of the Anger Response. H. Kassinove, Finding a Useful Model for the Treatment of Anger and Aggression. Part II: Natural and Therapeutic Functions of Anger and Its Expression. E.A. Harmon-Jones, C. Harmon-Jones, Anger: Causes and Components. B.O. Olatunji, J.M. Lohr, B.J. Bushman, The Pseudo-Psychology of Venting in Interventions for Anger and Related Conditions: Implications for Mental Health Practice. S. Paivio, M. Carriere, Contributions of Emotion Focused Therapy to the Understanding and Treatment of Anger and Aggression. L.S. Greenberg, J. Bischkopf, Anger in Psychotherapy: To Express or Not to Express? That Is the Question. Part III: The Anger-Aggression Relation in Violent Children and Adolescents. J. Snyder, L. Schrepferman, M. Brooker, M. Stoolmiller, The Roles of Anger, Conflict With Parents and Peers, and Social Reinforcement in the Early Development of Physical Aggression. K.L. Bierman, Anger and Aggression: A Developmental Perspective. C. Borduin, Multisystemic Treatment of Violent Youth and Their Families. J. Hubbard, M.D. McAuliffe, R.M. Rubin, M.T. Morrow, The Anger-Aggression Relation in Violent Children and Adolescents. Part IV: The Anger-Aggression Relation in Violent Families. O. Mammen, P.A. Pilkonis, D.J. Kolko, A. Groff, Anger and Anger Attacks as Precipitants of Aggression: What We Can Learn From Child Physical Abuse. A. Holtzworth-Munroe, K. Clements, The Association Between Anger and Male Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence. S.T. Azar, K. Makin-Byrd, When Family Values Clash With Therapists' Goals and Methods of Treatment Delivery. D. Wolfe, Understanding Anger: Key Concepts From the Field of Domestic Violence and Child Abuse.
A Longitudinal Study of Rejecting and Autonomy-Restrictive Parenting , Rejection Sensitivity , and Socioemotional Symptoms in Early Adolescents

Rejection sensitivity (RS) has been defined as the tendency to readily perceive and overreact to interpersonal rejection. The primary aim of this study was to test key propositions of RS theory, namely that rejecting experiences in relationships with parents are antecedents of early adolescents’ future RS and symptomatology. We also expanded this to consider autonomyrestrictive parenting, given the importance of autonomy in early adolescence. Participants were 601 early adolescents (age 9 to 13 years old, 51% boys) from three schools in Australia. Students completed questionnaires at school about parent and peer relationships, RS, loneliness, social anxiety, and depression at two times with a 14-month lag between assessments. Parents also reported on adolescents’ difficulties at Time 1 (T1). It was anticipated that more experience of parental rejection, coercion, and psychological control would be associated with adolescents’ escalating RS and symptoms over time, even after accounting for peer victimisation, and that RS would mediate associations between parenting and symptoms. Structural equation modelling supported these hypotheses. Parent coercion was associated with adolescents’ increasing symptoms of social anxiety and RS over time, and parent psychological control was associated with increasing depressive symptoms over time. Indirect effects via RS were also found, with parent rejection and psychological control linked to higher T1 RS, which was then associated with increasing loneliness and RS. Lastly, in a separate model, peer victimisation and RS, but not parenting practices, were positively associated with concurrent parent reports of adolescents' difficulties.