Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PMA and Ionomycin Induce Glioblastoma Cell Death: Activation-Induced Cell-Death-Like Phenomena Occur in Glioma Cells

Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) and ionomycin (Io) can induce T cell activation and proliferation. Furthermore, they stimulate activation-induced cell death (AICD) in mature lymphocytes via Fas/Fas ligand (FasL) up-regulation. In this study, we explored the influence of PMA/Io treatment on glioblastoma cells, and found that AICD-like phenomena may also occur in glioma. Using the MTT assay and cell counting, we demonstrated that treatment of PMA/Io significantly inhibited the proliferation of glioma cell lines, U87 and U251. TUNEL assays and transmission electron microscopy revealed that PMA/Io markedly induced U87 and U251 cell apoptosis. Propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry showed that treatment with PMA/Io resulted in an arrestment of cell cycle and an increase in cell death. Using real-time PCR and western blot, we found that PMA/Io up-regulated the expression of Fas and FasL at both mRNA and protein level, which confirmed that PMA/Io induced glioma cell death. Specific knockdown of NFAT1 expression by small hairpin RNA greatly reduced the PMA/Io induced cell death and apoptosis by inhibition of FasL expression. Microarray analysis showed that the expression of NFAT1 significantly correlated with the expression of Fas. The coexistence of Fas with NFAT1 in vivo provides the background for AICD-like phenomena to occur in glioma. These findings demonstrate that PMA/Io can induce glioblastoma cell death through the NFAT1-Fas/FasL pathway. Glioma-related AICD-like phenomena may provide a novel avenue for glioma treatment.
Impact of growth hormone therapy on adult height of children with idiopathic short stature: systematic review

Objective To systematically determine the impact of growth hormone therapy on adult height of children with idiopathic short stature. Design Systematic review. Data sources Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Medline, and the bibliographic references from retrieved articles of randomised and non-randomised controlled trials from 1985 to April 2010. Data extraction Height in adulthood (standard deviation score) and overall gain in height (SD score) from baseline measurement in childhood. Study selection Randomised and non-randomised controlled trials with height measurements for adults. Inclusion criteria were initial short stature (defined as height >2 SD score below the mean), peak growth hormone responses >10 μg/L, prepubertal stage, no previous growth hormone therapy, and no comorbid conditions that would impair growth. Adult height was considered achieved when growth rate was <1.5 cm/year or bone age was 15 years in females and 16 years in males. Results Three randomised controlled trials (115 children) met the inclusion criteria. The adult height of the growth hormone treated children exceeded that of the controls by 0.65 SD score (about 4 cm). The mean height gain in treated children was 1.2 SD score compared with 0.34 SD score in untreated children. A slight difference of about 1.2 cm in adult height was observed between the two growth hormone dose regimens. In the seven non-randomised controlled trials the adult height of the growth hormone treated group exceeded that of the controls by 0.45 SD score (about 3 cm). Conclusions Growth hormone therapy in children with idiopathic short stature seems to be effective in partially reducing the deficit in height as adults, although the magnitude of effectiveness is on average less than that achieved in other conditions for which growth hormone is licensed. The individual response to therapy is highly variable, and additional studies are needed to identify the responders.
Dimensions of personality pathology: an alternative to the five-factor model.

OBJECTIVE Researchers have advocated replacing the DSM-IV classification of personality disorders with an alternative diagnostic system based on the five-factor model. This study evaluates the clinical comprehensiveness of the five-factor model and addresses the broader question of how many factors, and which factors, are necessary to understand personality pathology. METHOD A national sample of 530 psychiatrists and clinical psychologists used the Shedler-Westen Assessment Procedure (SWAP-200) to provide detailed psychological descriptions of patients with personality disorder diagnoses. The SWAP-200 is a 200-item instrument designed to capture the richness and complexity of clinical observations while also providing quantifiable data for research. We used factor analysis to identify dimensions of personality relevant to understanding personality pathology. RESULTS The five-factor structure replicated in a content-restricted subset of 60 SWAP-200 items. However, factor analysis of the full SWAP-200 yielded a conceptually richer factor solution that did not resemble the five-factor model. The analysis identified 12 clinically relevant personality dimensions labeled psychological health, psychopathy, hostility, narcissism, emotional dysregulation, dysphoria, schizoid orientation, obsessionality, thought disorder, oedipal conflict (histrionic sexualization), dissociation, and sexual conflict. CONCLUSIONS The five-factor model represents a sound distillation of the personality constructs used by laypersons. However, it omits key clinical constructs and may not capture the complexity of personality syndromes seen in clinical practice. The SWAP-200 factors may provide a framework for studying personality pathology that is both empirically grounded and clinically relevant.
A Millimeter-Wave Tunable Hybrid-Transformer-Based Circular Polarization Duplexer With Sequentially-Rotated Antennas

This paper presents a millimeter-wave tunable hybrid-transformer-based duplexer concept with dual-antenna configuration. By using orthogonal sequentially-rotated linearly-polarized antennas and the hybrid-transformer-based duplexer, the transmitter and receiver duplexes the two antennas with orthogonal circular-polarized signals. An on-chip tuning technique using magnetic coupling is introduced to improve the isolation of the duplexer in case of impedance imbalances. An alternative duplexer with a similar principle using an on-board rat-race coupler is also proposed and designed for comparison. In order to demonstrate the isolation with practical antenna connections, prototypes have been developed to integrate the on-chip duplexer and the rat-race coupler with on-board aperture-coupled microstrip antennas with sequential rotation technique. Measurement results demonstrate the orthogonal circular polarizations for the receiver and transmitter modes on both prototypes. The achieved isolation by the on-chip tunable duplexer is better than 50 dB between 30.2 and 31.2 GHz, while the achieved isolation by the rat-race version is about 20 dB in the same bandwidth.
Distributed Reasoning in a Peer-to-Peer Setting

In a peer-to-peer system, there is no centralized control or hierarchical organization: each peer is equivalent in functionality and cooperates with other peers in order to solve a collective task. Such systems have evolved from simple keyword-based peer-to-peer file sharing systems like Napster and Gnutella to schema-based peer data management systems like Edutella [3] or Piazza [2], which handle semantic data description and support complex queries for data retrieval. In this paper, we are interested in peer-to-peer inference systems in which each peer can answer queries by reasoning from its local (propositional) theory but can also ask queries to some other peers with which it is semantically related by sharing part of its vocabulary. This framework encompasses several applications like peer-to-peer information integration systems or intelligent agents, in which each peer has its own knowledge (about its data or its expertise domain) and some partial knowledge about some other peers. In this setting, when it is solicited to perform a reasoning task and if it cannot solve completely that task locally, a peer must be able to distribute appropriate reasoning subtasks among its acquainted peers. The contribution of this paper is the first consequence finding algorithm in a peer-to-peer setting: it is anytime and computes consequences gradually from the solicited peer to peers that are more and more distant. We have exhibited a sufficient condition on the acquaintance graph of the peer-to-peer inference system for guaranteeing the completeness of this algorithm. Our algorithm splits clauses if they involve vocabularies of several peers. Each piece of a splitted clause is transmitted to the corresponding theory to find its consequences. The consequences that are found for each piece of splitted clause must be recomposed to get the consequences of that clause.
Treatment of Moloney virus-induced leukemia with cyclophosphamide and specifically sensitized allogeneic cells.

Summary Allogeneic but H-2 -compatible spleen cells (DBA/2) were used in conjunction with cyclophosphamide in the treatment of transplantable Moloney virus-induced leukemia of BALB/c mice. Treatment was withheld to within 2 to 6 days of the median survival time of the untreated controls. Cyclophosphamide therapy was followed within 4 to 6 hr by DBA/2 spleen cells either from animals sensitized to Moloney sarcoma virus, C57BL spleen cells, or BALB/c spleen cells or from nonsensitized animals. With Moloney sarcoma virus-sensitized cells, 44/69 animals were long-term survivors, whereas no survivors were obtained with other forms of therapy. All the survivors were stable chimeras as judged by the persistent production of DBA/2 γ-globulin allotype.
Kerr electro-optic field measurement in palm oil fatty acid ester transformer insulation system

A palm oil fatty acid ester (PFAE) has good insulation performance, excellent cooling ability and superior biodegradability. Recently, investigations for application of PFAE to power transformers have been started. In this paper, the electric field in PFAE was measured in situ by using Kerr electro-optic method under dc voltages application. At first, Ken-constant of PFAE was identified. Then, electric field strength E and its temporal change were measured in several PFAE / pressboard (PB) insulation systems. Electric field E in PFAE showed the capacitive distribution at the moment of dc voltage application, and decreased rapidly with time and finally the resistive field distribution was obtained. The transition time of the capacitive distribution to the resistive one and the value of E in PFAE were different from those in mineral oil. Their differences were discussed with the charge behavior in liquids, based on electro-chemical properties of the oil.
Lightly-Supervised Attribute Extraction

Web search engines can greatly benefit from knowledge about attributes of entities present in search queries. In this paper, we introduce lightly-supervised methods for extracting entity attributes from natural language text. Using these methods, we are able to extract large numbers of attributes of different entities at fairly high precision from a large natural language corpus. We compare our methods against a previously proposed pattern-based relation extractor, showing that the new methods give considerable improvements over that baseline. We also demonstrate that query expansion using extracted attributes improves retrieval performance on underspecified information-seeking queries. 1 Attributes in Web Search Web search engines receive numerous queries requesting information, often focused on a specific entity, such as a person, place or organization. These queries are sometimes general requests, such as “bio of George Bush,” or specific requests, such as “new york mayor. ” Accurately identifying the entity (new york) or related attributes (mayor) can improve search results in several ways [1]. For example, knowledge of attributes and entities can identify a query as being a factual request [1, 2]. Query expansion using known attributes of the entity can also improve results [3]. Additionally, an engine could suggest alternative queries based on attributes. If a user searches for just “Craig Ferguson” and “shows” is a known attribute of the entity ”Craig Ferguson”, then an alternative query suggestion could be “Craig Ferguson shows” which may guide the user to more informative results. The widely explored technique of pseudo relevance feedback can also benefit from a known list of entities and attributes [4]. Some view entity and attribute extraction as a primary building block for the automatic creation of large scale knowledge bases aimed at addressing these issues [1]. The first step towards improving search results with attributes is to create lists of entities and attributes. Towards that end, we propose new algorithms that, beginning with a small seed set of entities and attributes, learn to extract new entities and attributes from a large corpus of text. We adopt a bootstrapping approach, where the inputs for our learning algorithms are a large unlabeled corpus and the small seed set containing an entity type of interest, such as seed pairs automatically extracted from query logs [1]. The seed pairs are matched against the corpus to create training instances for the learning algorithms. The algorithms exploit a wide range of instance features to alleviate the effects of noise and sparseness. The algorithms produce a large list of entities and associated attributes, which can be directly applied towards improving web search. This paper proceeds as follows. We begin with some background on attribute extraction and web search applications. We then outline our extraction algorithms. Some examples and evaluations of extracted attributes and entities follow.
Marked Differences between Two Isoforms of Human Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase*

Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) isoforms 2 and 3 were produced via co-expression with the chaperonins GroEL and GroES and purified with high specific activities in affinity tag-free forms. By using human components, we have evaluated how binding to the lipoyl domains of the dihydrolipoyl acetyltransferase (E2) produces the predominant changes in the rates of phosphorylation of the pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1) component by PDK2 and PDK3. E2 assembles as a 60-mer via its C-terminal domain and has mobile connections to an E1-binding domain and then two lipoyl domains, L2 and L1 at the N terminus. PDK3 was activated 17-fold by E2; the majority of this activation was facilitated by the free L2 domain (half-maximal activation at 3.3 μm L2). The direct activation of PDK3 by the L2 domain resulted in a 12.8-fold increase in k catalong with about a 2-fold decrease in the K m of PDK3 for E1. PDK3 was poorly inhibited by pyruvate or dichloroacetate (DCA). PDK3 activity was stimulated upon reductive acetylation of L1 and L2 when full activation of PDK3 by E2 was avoided (e.g.using free lipoyl domains or ADP-inhibited E2-activated PDK3). In marked contrast, PDK2 was not responsive to free lipoyl domains, but the E2–60-mer enhanced PDK2 activity by 10-fold. E2 activation of PDK2 resulted in a greatly enhanced sensitivity to inhibition by pyruvate or DCA; pyruvate was effective at significantly lower levels than DCA. E2-activated PDK2 activity was stimulated ≥3-fold by reductive acetylation of E2; stimulated PDK2 retained high sensitivity to inhibition by ADP and DCA. Thus, PDK3 is directly activated by the L2 domain, and fully activated PDK3 is relatively insensitive to feed-forward (pyruvate) and feed-back (acetylating) effectors. PDK2 was activated only by assembled E2, and this activated state beget high responsiveness to those effectors.
Three-phase modular permanent magnet brushless Machine for torque boosting on a downsized ICE vehicle

The paper describes a relatively new topology of 3-phase permanent magnet (PM) brushless machine, which offers a number of significant advantages over conventional PM brushless machines for automotive applications, such as electrical torque boosting at low engine speeds for vehicles equipped with downsized internal combustion engine (ICEs). The relative merits of feasible slot/pole number combinations for the proposed 3-phase modular PM brushless ac machine are discussed, and an analytical method for establishing the open-circuit and armature reaction magnetic field distributions when such a machine is equipped with a surface-mounted magnet rotor is presented. The results allow the prediction of the torque, the phase emf, and the self- and mutual winding inductances in closed forms, and provide a basis for comparative studies, design optimization and machine dynamic modeling. However, a more robust machine, in terms of improved containment of the magnets, results when the magnets are buried inside the rotor, which, since it introduces a reluctance torque, also serves to reduce the back-emf, the iron loss and the inverter voltage rating. The performance of a modular PM brushless machine equipped with an interior magnet rotor is demonstrated by measurements on a 22-pole/24-slot prototype torque boosting machine.
Comparative Antiplatelet Efficacy of a Novel, Nonpeptide GPIIb/IIIa Antagonist (XV454) and Abciximab (c7E3) in Flow Models of Thrombosis

Abstract—Glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa is pivotal in homotypic platelet aggregation and may also be involved in the heterotypic adhesion of leukocytes and tumor cells to platelets. This study was primarily undertaken to compare the antiplatelet efficacy of a novel, nonpeptide GPIIb/IIIa antagonist, XV454, to that of abciximab in 2 flow models of platelet thrombus formation: (1) direct shear-induced platelet aggregation imposed by a cone-and-plate rheometer and (2) platelet adhesion onto von Willebrand factor (vWF)/collagen I followed by aggregation in a perfusion system. XV454 inhibited platelet aggregation in a concentration-dependent manner in both experimental models. Maximal inhibition of aggregation was achieved by XV454 at ≈70% receptor occupancy, which is lower than the ≥85% previously reported for abciximab. At similar levels of receptor blockade (≈45%), XV454 appeared to be relatively more effective than abciximab in suppressing platelet aggregation. Neither XV454 nor abciximab inhibited platelet adhesion to collagen. Pretreatment of surface-adherent platelets with either XV454 or abciximab inhibited the attachment of monocytic THP-1 cells under flow. In contrast, the rapidly reversible GPIIb/IIIa inhibitor orbofiban failed to suppress these heterotypic interactions. These findings demonstrate that XV454 is a potent GPIIb/IIIa antagonist with a long receptor-bound lifetime like abciximab and may be beneficial for the treatment/prevention of thrombotic complications.
Haptic interaction with objects in a picture based on surface normal estimation

In this paper we propose a haptic interaction system that physically represents the underlying geometry of objects displayed in a 2D picture, i.e., a digital image. To obtain the object's geometry captured in the picture, we estimate the physical transformation between the object plane and the image plane based on homographic information, which locates the face of the object that is viewed. We then calculate the rotated surface normal vector of the object's face and place it on the corresponding part in the 2D image. The purpose of this setup is to create a force that can be rendered along with the image without distorting the visual information. For example, if a user is touching or exploring a 2D image, he/she receives resistive force when touching a slanted face. We evaluated the proposed haptic rendering scheme using a set of pictures of objects with different orientations. The experimental results show that the participants reliably identified the geometric configuration by touching the object in the picture. We conclude with developed applications of the proposed algorithm.
PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN Bushman / VENTING ANGER FEEDS THE FLAME Does Venting Anger Feed or Extinguish the Flame? Catharsis, Rumination, Distraction, Anger, and Aggressive Responding

Does distraction or rumination work better to diffuse anger? Catharsis theory predicts that rumination works best, but empirical evidence is lacking. In this study, angered participants hit a punching bag and thought about the person who had angered them (rumination group) or thought about becoming physically fit (distraction group). After hitting the punching bag, they reported how angry they felt. Next, they were given the chance to administer loud blasts of noise to the person who had angered them. There also was a no punching bag control group. People in the rumination group felt angrier than did people in the distraction or control groups. People in the rumination group were also most aggressive, followed respectively by people in the distraction and control groups. Rumination increased rather than decreased anger and aggression. Doing nothing at all was more effective than venting anger. These results directly contradict catharsis theory.
Sleep Efficiency and Nocturnal Hemodynamic Dipping in Young , 1 Normotensive Adults 2 3 Running Head : Sleep Efficiency and ABPM

1 Normotensive Adults 2 3 Running Head: Sleep Efficiency and ABPM 4 5 6 Amanda J. Ross, Huan Yang, Robert A. Larson, Jason R. Carter 7 8 9 Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological 10 University, Houghton, Michigan; Department of Neural and Behavioral Sciences, 11 Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, PA; Department of 12 Neurology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center/Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 13 14 Address for Correspondence: 15 Jason R. Carter, Ph.D. 16 Department of Kinesiology & Integrative Physiology 17 Michigan Technological University 18 1400 Townsend Drive 19 Houghton, MI 49931 20 Phone: (906)487-2715 21 Fax: (906)487-0985 22 Email: jcarter@mtu.edu 23 Articles in PresS. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol (July 16, 2014). doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00211. 2014
Thermoplastic Elastomers Based on Ethylene-vinyl Acetate Copolymer and Waste Nitrile Butadiene Rubber Powder Blends Compatibilized by Chlorinated Polyethylene

ABSTRACT Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) based on ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)/waste nitrile butadiene rubber powder (WNBRP) blends compatibilized by chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) were prepared by melt-compounding. The tensile strength and the elongation at break of the EVA/CPE/WNBRP blends were increased significantly compared with those of the EVA/WNBRP blends. The fracture surfaces of the EVA/CPE/WNBRP blends were smooth; moreover, the WNBRP in the etched EVA/CPE/WNBRP blends were inserted in the EVA matrix tightly. DMA results revealed that when the CPE dosage was 5 phr in the EVA/CPE/WNBRP blend, the Payne effect was weakened significantly.