Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differential Write-Conscious Software Design on Phase-Change Memory

Phase-change memory (PCM) has several benefits including low cost, non-volatility, byte-addressability, etc., and limitations such as write endurance. There have been several hardware approaches to exploit the benefits while minimizing the negative impact of limitations. Software approaches could give further improvements, when used together with hardware approaches, by taking advantage of write behavior present in the program, e.g., write behavior on dynamically allocated data, which is hardly captured by hardware approaches. This work proposes a software design methodology to reduce costly PCM writes. First, on top of existing hardware approach such as Flip-N-Write, we advocate exploiting the capability of PCM bit-level differential write in the software by judiciously reusing previously allocated memory resource. In order to avoid wear-out incurred by the reuse, we present software-based wear-leveling methods that distribute writes across PCM cells. In order to further reduce PCM writes, we propose identifying data, the loss of which does not affect the functionality of the underlying software, and then diverting write traffic for those data items to volatile memory. To evaluate the effectiveness of these methods, as a case study, we applied the proposed methods to the design of journaling in SQLite, which is an important database application commonly used in smartphones. For the experiments, we used an in-house PCM-based prototype board. Our experiments with four representative mobile applications show that the proposed design methods, which is applied on top of the hardware approach, Flip-N-Write, result in 75.2% further reduction in total bit updates in PCM, on average, without aggravating wear-out compared with the baseline of PCM-based journaling, which is based only on the hardware approach. Also, the proposed design methods result in 49.4% reduction in energy consumption and 52.3% reduction in runtime compared to a typical FIFO management of free resources.
Who Goes to Metropolitan Parks? A Latent Class Analysis Approach to Understanding Park Visitation

ABSTRACT This study aimed to identify typologies of park visitors and to examine associations among these typologies and socio-demographic characteristics. In 2013, intercept interviews were completed with 794 adult park visitors at two large parks located in Melbourne, Australia. Latent class analysis identified three classes of visitor: physically active visitor, with dog (12.4%); physically active visitor, with no dog (35.7%); and infrequent, low active, social visitor (51.9%). Respondents who were older and owned a dog had higher odds of being in Class 1 and Class 2. Respondents who had children had higher odds of being in Class 3. Respondents who reported poor health were less likely to be in Class 2 than in Class 3. Park users can be distinguished by the behaviors in which they engage. Understanding typologies of visitors will assist with the development of intervention strategies to optimize park visitation and park-based physical activity.
LUT-based FPGA Implementation of SMS4/AES/Camellia

The FPGA performance of ciphers mainly includes area and throughput of implementation. In this design, several cryptographic algorithms such as SMS4, AES and Camellia have been implemented to analyze their performance and study the influence of the area with two different LUT-size FPGA devices. This paper uses VHDL to describe circuit function, choose Altera Stratix II and Cyclone II devices to simulation. Feedback structure is chosen to be the implementation structure, which can get balance between speed and area. The implementation results show that compared with 4-LUT of the Cyclone II, the wider look-up tables (LUTs) in the ALMs of Stratix II is more suitable for the encryption functions, and the SMS4 hardware cost is smallest, suitable for the wireless local area network (WLAN) communication need.
Translating XML Update Language into SQL

Several techniques for translating XML query languages into SQL have been proposed, but no work to date translates XML update languages into SQL since XQuery has not provided any update statements. However, there is a suggestion from W3C indicating that an update version of XQuery will be proposed in the near future. Furthermore, one major advantage of updating XML documents via a relational database is that the preservation of constraints can be transferred to the database engine; thus our main contributions are translating the XML update language, extending XQuery into SQL and translating recursive updates into PL SQL. XQuery is a functional language whereas SQL is a declarative language; therefore, translation cannot be performed directly, so several techniquessuch as rewriting rules and graph mapping are used in our work.
Extending Situational Action Theory to White-Collar Crime

ABSTRACT A theory that has started to receive increased empirical attention is Situational Action Theory. This theory argues that an individual’s morality is the central individual-level variable in predicting offending. It also hypothesizes that low self-control will only predict offending among those with low morals. Although this theory has been applied to street crime, the current study represents the first time it has been applied to white-collar crime. With the use of a scenario-based methodology, the results support the theory. Along with the implications of these findings, limitations and directions for future research are also presented.
Jet-lag in Sagittarius A*: what size and timing measurements tell us about the central black hole in the Milky Way

Context. The black hole at the Galactic Center, Sgr A*, is the prototype of a galactic nucleus at a very low level of activity. Its radio through submm-wave emission is known to come from a region close to the event horizon, however, the source of the emission is still under debate. A successful theory explaining the emission is based on a relativistic jet model scaled down from powerful quasars. Aims. We want to test the predictive power of this established jet model against newly available measurements of wavelengthdependent time lags and the size-wavelength structure in Sgr A*. Methods. Using all available closure amplitude VLBI data from different groups, we again derived the intrinsic wavelength-dependent size of Sgr A*. This allowed us to calculate the expected frequency-dependent time lags of radio flares, assuming a range of in- and outflow velocities. Moreover, we calculated the time lags expected in the previously published pressure-driven jet model. The predicted lags are then compared to radio monitoring observations at 22, 43, and 350 GHz. Results. The combination of time lags and size measurements imply a mildly relativistic outflow with bulk outflow speeds of γβ � 0.5−2. The newly measured time lags are reproduced well by the jet model without any major fine tuning. Conclusions. The results further strengthen the case for the cm-to-mm wave radio emission in Sgr A* as coming from a mildly relativistic jet-like outflow. The combination of radio time lag and VLBI closure amplitude measurements is a powerful new tool for assessing the flow speed and direction in Sgr A*. Future VLBI and time lag measurements over a range of wavelengths will reveal more information about Sgr A*, such as the existence of a jet nozzle, and measure the detailed velocity structure of a relativistic jet near its launching point for the first time.
Across language families: Genome diversity mirrors linguistic variation within Europe

ABSTRACT Objectives: The notion that patterns of linguistic and biological variation may cast light on each other and on population histories dates back to Darwin's times; yet, turning this intuition into a proper research program has met with serious methodological difficulties, especially affecting language comparisons. This article takes advantage of two new tools of comparative linguistics: a refined list of Indo‐European cognate words, and a novel method of language comparison estimating linguistic diversity from a universal inventory of grammatical polymorphisms, and hence enabling comparison even across different families. We corroborated the method and used it to compare patterns of linguistic and genomic variation in Europe. Materials and Methods: Two sets of linguistic distances, lexical and syntactic, were inferred from these data and compared with measures of geographic and genomic distance through a series of matrix correlation tests. Linguistic and genomic trees were also estimated and compared. A method (Treemix) was used to infer migration episodes after the main population splits. Results: We observed significant correlations between genomic and linguistic diversity, the latter inferred from data on both Indo‐European and non‐Indo‐European languages. Contrary to previous observations, on the European scale, language proved a better predictor of genomic differences than geography. Inferred episodes of genetic admixture following the main population splits found convincing correlates also in the linguistic realm. Discussion: These results pave the ground for previously unfeasible cross‐disciplinary analyses at the worldwide scale, encompassing populations of distant language families. Am J Phys Anthropol 157:630–640, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Nonradiating and minimum energy sources and their fields: generalized source inversion theory and applications

A new general framework for characterizing scalar and electromagnetic (EM) nonradiating (NR) and minimum energy (ME) sources and their fields is developed that is of interest for both radiation and source reconstruction problems. NR sources are characterized in connection with the concept of reciprocity as nonreceptors. Localized ME sources are shown to be free fields truncated within the source's support. A new source analysis tool is developed that is based on the decomposition of a source and its field into their radiating and NR components. The individual radiating and reactive energy roles of the radiating and NR parts of a source are characterized. The general theory is illustrated with a time-harmonic EM example.
The Copper Active Site of CBM33 Polysaccharide Oxygenases

The capacity of metal-dependent fungal and bacterial polysaccharide oxygenases, termed GH61 and CBM33, respectively, to potentiate the enzymatic degradation of cellulose opens new possibilities for the conversion of recalcitrant biomass to biofuels. GH61s have already been shown to be unique metalloenzymes containing an active site with a mononuclear copper ion coordinated by two histidines, one of which is an unusual τ-N-methylated N-terminal histidine. We now report the structural and spectroscopic characterization of the corresponding copper CBM33 enzymes. CBM33 binds copper with high affinity at a mononuclear site, significantly stabilizing the enzyme. X-band EPR spectroscopy of Cu(II)-CBM33 shows a mononuclear type 2 copper site with the copper ion in a distorted axial coordination sphere, into which azide will coordinate as evidenced by the concomitant formation of a new absorption band in the UV/vis spectrum at 390 nm. The enzyme’s three-dimensional structure contains copper, which has been photoreduced to Cu(I) by the incident X-rays, confirmed by X-ray absorption/fluorescence studies of both aqueous solution and intact crystals of Cu-CBM33. The single copper(I) ion is ligated in a T-shaped configuration by three nitrogen atoms from two histidine side chains and the amino terminus, similar to the endogenous copper coordination geometry found in fungal GH61.
Comparing two recent particle filter implementations of Bayesian system identification

Bayesian system identification is a theoretically well-founded and currently emerging area. We describe and evaluate two recent state-of-the-art sample-based methods for Bayesian parameter inference from the statistics literature, particle Metropolis-Hastings (PMH) and SMC, and apply them to a non-trivial real world system identification problem with large uncertainty present. We discuss their different properties from a user perspective, and conclude that they show similar performance in practice, while PMH is significantly easier to implement than SMC.
Sharing the Monsters

If the shift from treating the individual toward treating the family constituted an epistemic revolution, the return to the individual is taking place with much less noise. Even so, the individual being treated by systemic therapy remains an individual within a relational context. Psychotherapy is beginning to take into account the principal instrument of relationships: emotions, without which there is no cognition. This realization has lately been facilitated by the advances in neuroscience and studies on relationships formed early in life. Concepts such as emotional schema and emotional communication are central to understanding the process of change. Despite the difficulties encountered in taking emotion into account, it remains an essential element in relationships and in all therapy. Therapists can no longer ignore emotions; neither those of their patients, nor their own.
The Impact of Website Attractiveness, Consumer-Website Identification, and Website Trustworthiness on Purchase Intention

This pilot study examined the antecedents of consumers’ intention to purchase from apparel retail websites, including website attractiveness, consumer-website identification, and website trustworthiness. A structural equation model was used to test hypotheses that were derived from social identity theory and previous research concerning online consumer behavior. The results of this study indicated that consumers’ perceptions of the attractiveness of an apparel retail website directly and positively influence the degree to which they identify with that website. Furthermore, the degree to which consumers identify with an apparel retail website directly and positively influences consumers’ perceptions of the trustworthiness of the website. Lastly, the level of trust consumers experience with apparel retail websites is directly and positively related to their intentions to purchase from the website.
Common Variants in the Type 2 Diabetes KCNQ1 Gene Are Associated with Impairments in Insulin Secretion During Hyperglycaemic Glucose Clamp

Background Genome-wide association studies in Japanese populations recently identified common variants in the KCNQ1 gene to be associated with type 2 diabetes. We examined the association of these variants within KCNQ1 with type 2 diabetes in a Dutch population, investigated their effects on insulin secretion and metabolic traits and on the risk of developing complications in type 2 diabetes patients. Methodology The KCNQ1 variants rs151290, rs2237892, and rs2237895 were genotyped in a total of 4620 type 2 diabetes patients and 5285 healthy controls from the Netherlands. Data on macrovascular complications, nephropathy and retinopathy were available in a subset of diabetic patients. Association between genotype and insulin secretion/action was assessed in the additional sample of 335 individuals who underwent a hyperglycaemic clamp. Principal Findings We found that all the genotyped KCNQ1 variants were significantly associated with type 2 diabetes in our Dutch population, and the association of rs151290 was the strongest (OR 1.20, 95% CI 1.07–1.35, p = 0.002). The risk C-allele of rs151290 was nominally associated with reduced first-phase glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, while the non-risk T-allele of rs2237892 was significantly correlated with increased second-phase glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (p = 0.025 and 0.0016, respectively). In addition, the risk C-allele of rs2237892 was associated with higher LDL and total cholesterol levels (p = 0.015 and 0.003, respectively). We found no evidence for an association of KCNQ1 with diabetic complications. Conclusions Common variants in the KCNQ1 gene are associated with type 2 diabetes in a Dutch population, which can be explained at least in part by an effect on insulin secretion. Furthermore, our data suggest that KCNQ1 is also associated with lipid metabolism.
To Which of Thine Selves be True? Changes in Viscerosomatic Neural Activity with Mindfulness Meditation Training Reflect Improved Present-moment Self-awareness

Mindfulness training cultivates momentary awareness, a form of attention directed to non-evaluative, immediate sensation. This form of attention stands in contrast to a more temporally extended awareness, which allows for the evaluative organization of experience into a personal narrative. The neural mechanisms underlying such awareness, and their role in regulating emotions, are poorly understood. Thus, in three functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) experiments, I explored the thesis that momentary and extended awareness represent dissociable modes of self-reference, with momentary self-reference reducing ruminative elaboration of events by biasing attention towards interoceptive signals from the body. I compared individuals who were randomly-assigned to either an 8-week MindfulnessBased Stress Reduction (MBSR) training course against a waitlisted group (Controls). Three distinct studies examined the impact of Mindfulness on: 1) the contrast between explicitly directed momentary and extended self referential processing; 2) reactions to an induced sadness challenge; and 3) the contrast between interoceptive (breath-monitoring) and exteroceptive (visual) attention. In all three studies MBSR led to a shift in neural activity away from cortical midline structures, such as the medial prefrontal and posterior cingulate cortices, to predominantly right-lateralized viscerosomatic structures, and specifically the insular cortex. Cortical midline activity is thought to support habitual patterns of evaluation, and stands as the neural correlate of a narrated, extended self, while right-lateralized insula activity is thought to represent the recurrent integration of present moment context, the neural correlate of the
Caught in the web: Male Goths using online ICTs to transcend rural reality

This empirical qualitative study explores male Goths’ lived experiences in rural Australia. Offline, participants felt rural communities’ ‘conservatism’ and hegemonic masculinity norms restricted their Goth identity expression and subcultural participation. Further, their commonly perceived homosexuality, irrespective of self-identified sexuality, was believed responsible for much assault, ostracism, and ‘othering’ experienced in rural, but not urban, environments. To escape rural realities and engage in ‘authentic’ identity expression, participants vociferously interacted in online communities which, more than augmenting offline reality, created opportunities systemically impossible due to rurality and permitted subcultural participation and self-identity expression they believed reduced isolation and positively affected their mental health.
Incorporating Balance: Challenges and Opportunities for Positive Psychology

Positive psychology (PP), the empirical study of optimal human functioning (Linley, Joseph, Harrington, & Wood, 2006), has grown considerably and made important contributions to science and practice since its introduction at the end of the last century. It has also been the subject of a number of persistent criticisms. Addressing these criticisms to move the area forward represents a major challenge and opportunity for PP. However, doing so is hampered by the lack of a framework to guide this effort. The present paper presents a strategic guiding framework explicitly based on balance that allows PP to effectively address the criticisms leveled against it and advance the study of optimal human functioning. Implications for theory, research and practice are discussed. La psychologie positive (PP), étude empirique du fonctionnement humain optimal (Linley, Joseph, Harrington, & Wood, 2006), a connu un essor considérable et fait d’importantes contributions à la science et à la pratique depuis son arrivée à la fin du dernier siècle. Elle a également fait l’objet de nombreuses critiques. Le fait de répondre à ces critiques dans le but de faire avancer cette discipline constitue un défi majeur mais aussi une occasion importante pour la PP. Ces efforts sont toutefois entravés par le manque de cadre pour guider ces derniers. Cet article présente un cadre d’orientation stratégique explicitement basé sur l’équilibre qui permet à la PP de répondre aux critiques lui étant destinées et de faire avancer l’étude du fonctionnement humain optimal. Les implications pour la théorie, la recherche et la pratique y sont discutées.
Autonomous, Collaborative Control for Resilient Cyber Defense (ACCORD)

ACCORD addresses the need for robust, rapidly adaptive resource allocation mechanisms in cloud computing. It employs a distributed, game-theoretic approach to apportion computational loads in an efficient, prioritized, Pareto-optimal fashion among geographically dispersed cloud computing infrastructure. This paper describes ACCORD algorithms, software implementation, and initial experimental results. Our results illustrate how a distributed, ACCORD-enabled cloud architecture autonomously adapts to the loss of computing resources (e.g., due to failures, poor network connectivity, or cyber attack) while ensuring that users receive maximal, prioritized utility from available cloud resources.
Genre Pedagogy to the Teaching of Academic Writing in Tertiary Level and Cognitive Empowerment

This paper reports a small part of the study which focuses on the use of genre pedagogy to the teaching of writing research proposal as one of academic texts in tertiary level. This study aims at finding out how genre pedagogy can empower students cognitively through their abilities in writing research proposal. A case study involving fifteen students in one university in Banten taking Research on ELT subject was conducted using classroom observation and related documents, such as researcher‟s field notes and students‟ journal. The classroom observation and related documents analysis result showed that the students were cognitively empowered through the teaching cycles of genre pedagogy through various activities which encouraged their cognitive processes. Thus, genre pedagogy can empower students cognitively through its various learning activities and texts examples. Keywords: academic writing; cognitive empowerment; genre pedagogy