Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Capital Asset Pricing Model in the 21st Century: Analytical, Empirical, and Behavioral Perspectives

1. Overview 2. Expected utility theory 3. Expected utility and investment decision rules 4. The mean-variance rule 5. The capital asset pricing model (CAPM) 6. Extensions of the CAPM 7. The CAPM cannot be rejected: empirical and experimental evidence 8. Theoretical and empirical criticisms of the M-V rule 9. Prospect theory and expected utility 10. Cumulative decision weights: no dominance violation 11. M-V rule, the CAPM, and the cumulative prospect theory: coexistence.
Geography Influences Dietary Intake, Physical Activity and Weight Status of Adolescents

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to assess rural and urban differences in the dietary intakes, physical activity levels and weight status of a large sample of Canadian youth in both 2005 and 2008. Materials and Methods. A cross-sectional study of rural and urban adolescents (n = 10, 023) in Alberta was conducted in both 2005 and 2008 using a web-based survey. Results. There was an overall positive change in nutrient intakes between 2005 and 2008; however, rural residents generally had a poorer nutrient profile than urban residents (P < .001). They consumed less fibre and a greater percent energy from saturated fat. The mean physical activity scores increased among rural youth between 2005 and 2008 (P < .001), while remaining unchanged among urban youth. Residence was significantly related to weight status in 2005 (P = .017), but not in 2008. Conclusion. Although there were small improvements in nutrient intakes from 2005 to 2008, several differences in the lifestyle behaviours of adolescents living in rural and urban areas were found. The results of this study emphasize the importance of making policy and program recommendations to support healthy lifestyle behaviours within the context of the environments in which adolescents live.
Nurse - physician collaboration: A comparative study of the attitudes of nurses and physicians at Mansoura University Hospital.

Collaboration and team work between physicians and nurses is crucial for patient care and morale. Each team member has his own perspective regarding assessment and plan of care for a patient and only through collaboration and exchange of information can appropriate treatment plans be made. The study aims to study attitudes of nurses and physicians regarding nurse-physician collaboration in general medical and surgical units at Mansoura University Hospital and to measure differences in attitudes of nurses and physicians regarding nurse - physician collaboration. All nurses and physicians (n=135) available at time of data collection, who were working in medical and surgical units. Data were collected by using Jefferson scale of attitudes toward nurse-physician collaboration. The Jefferson scale has four subscales that measure:(a) shared education and teamwork (7 items with responses from 1-4, with a subscale score range of 7-28) ;(b) caring versus curing (3 items with a subscale score range of 3-12) ;(c) autonomy (3 items with a subscale score range of 3-12) and physician dominance (2 items, with a subscale score range of 2-8). Results revealed that the total scores indicated that nurses have more positive attitudes toward nurse- physician collaboration than physicians. (Karima A. EL Sayed and Wafaa F. Sleem. Nurse - physician collaboration: A comparative study of the attitudes of nurses and physicians at Mansoura University Hospital. Life Science Journal, 2011; 8(2):140-146) (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com.
Unions, Employers and Central Banks: Macroeconomic Coordination and Institutional Change in Social Market Economies

1. Comparative political economy: Northern European perspective Torben Iversen and Jonas Pontusson 2. Macroeconomic analysis and the political economy of unemployment David Soskice Part I. Wage Bargaining: 3. The Swedish employer offensive against centralized bargaining Peter Swenson and Jonas Pontusson 4. Post-war wage setting in the Nordic countries Michael Wallerstein and Miriam Golden 5. Why German employers cannot bring themselves to dismantle the German model Kathleen Thelen Part II. Macroeconomic Regimes: 6. Institutional dimensions of coordinating wage bargaining and monetary policy Robert Franzese and Peter Hall 7. Decentralization, monetarism and the social democratic welfare state Torben Iversen 8. The politics of macroeconomic policy and wage negotiations in Sweden Andrew Martin Part III. Macroeconomic and Distributive Outcomes: 9. Public sector unions, corporatism and wage determination Geoffrey Garrett and Christopher Way 10. Labor-market institutions and wage distribution Jonas Pontusson.
Transition to turbulence

A study of turbulence is incomplete without some mention of °uid stability and the transition to turbulence. We have previously noted that transition occurs when the °uid equilibrium is upset. Although not a topic that will be explored in this class, here is a brief overview of some ideas and methods used in studying °uid stability. The study of hydrodynamics stability is a complete area of study and specialization in itself. The main objectives of this branch of °uid mechanics are to understand the conditions under which a given laminar °ow becomes unstable, and give some information about the subsequent development of the instability. The development of instabilities in a laminar °ow is the ̄rst step towards the transition to turbulence. In most °uid mechanics applications the ability to control the transition would greatly increase engineering e±ciency and performance. For example, to achieve the lowest drag around aerodynamic bodies such as aircraft or cars, it is most desirable to delay transitionAlthough in the case of airfoil design in extreme operating conditions \vortex generators" are sometimes used to promote a turbulent boundary layer on certain areas of the wing. This is because a turbulent boundary layer will not separate as easily as a laminar boundary layer in an adverse pressure gradient. There is a tradeo® here to obtain the best overall performance. It is obviously important to know when and where transition occurs. In combustion devices, high turbulence levels promote the mixing of fuel and oxidizer. In supersonic combustion devices, there are di±culties encountered in obtaining well mixed reactants, as a result of the stability of these °ows. A better understanding of the transition process is necessary to achieve better combustion performance. Numerous excellent text books are completely devoted to hydrodynamic stability. See for example, Drazin and Reed[1], Chandrsekar[2], or Lin [3], to mention only a few. Here we will brie°y touch upon some of the analytic methods, and the type of information that these analyses yield. From a historical perspective, the most well known experiment on hydrodynamic stability was carried out by Osborne Reynolds in 1888. He performed a set of experiments in which he carefully studied the behavior of °ow in a pipe by varying di®erent °ow conditions. Speci ̄cally, by varying the diameter of the pipe, the velocity of the °uid, and the viscosity of the °uid, Reynolds found that there was a relationship between these variables that indicated the transition from a smooth laminar °ow, to a complex turbulent °ow. Namely, when the value of V D=o (which we now know as the Reynolds number) exceeded a particular value, the perturbations began to grow, and the instantaneous °ow structure became very complex. The transition depended
The Contemporary Asian American Experience: Beyond the Model Minority

INTRODUCTION: CHANGING ASIAN AMERICA CHAPTER 1: THE HISTORY OF ASIANS IN AMERICA CHAPTER 2: EMERGING COMMUNITIES, CHANGING REALITIES CHAPTER 3: THE RIGHT TO EXCEL: ASIAN AMERICANS AND EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITY CHAPTER 4: WORKPLACE ISSUES: BEYOND GLASS CEILINGS CHAPTER 5: ANTI-ASIAN VIOLENCE: BREAKING THE SILENCE CHAPTER 6: CHARLIE CHAN NO MORE: ASIAN AMERICANS AND THE MEDIA CHAPTER 7: MORE THAN "FAMILY VALUES": ASIAN AMERICAN FAMILIES AND IDENTITIES CHAPTER 8: THE FINAL FRONTIER: ASIAN AMERICAN POLITICAL EMPOWERMENT CONCLUSION: COMING FULL CIRCLE
Financial Recession and Congestion Pricing: Has Acceptability Been Affected?

This paper investigates the effects of economic recession on congestion pricing acceptability. The authors use data from two questionnaires; one before (2008) and one during (2013) the financial recession periods. The results show statistically significant differences in the responses to the two questionnaires regarding acceptability of the pricing system, use of private car for traveling, and opinions concerning traffic congestion. Public acceptability of the congestion pricing scheme has decreased significantly during the recession period. Among the important factors that were found to influence the probability of accepting a congestion pricing scheme are income, mode of travel, and frequently experiencing congestion. However, the authors note that there is a significant difference in the factors that affect acceptability in the periods before and during recession.
Right-invariant generalized metrics applied to rank correlation coefficients

In this paper we investigate properties of rank correlation coefficients that can be derived from right-invariant generalized metrics on the symmetric group. We prove some new inequalities between a number of generalized metrics, and we characterize the sample sizes for which several (right-invariant) rank correlation coefficients can equal zero. Using the Hausdorff generalized metric, we show how to construct circular rank correlation coefficients from regular rank correlation coefficients. In addition, we show how generalized triangle inequalities satisfied by generalized metrics on the symmetric group can be used to create new partial rank correlation coefficients (that measure the association between two variables controlling for the effect of a third one).
Responses of Study Abroad Students in Australia to Experience-Based Pedagogy in Sport Studies

This paper contributes to research on the scholarship of teaching in the physical education/sport studies fields by examining the responses of study abroad students from overseas studying in Australia to a unit of study in sport studies that placed the interpretation of experience as the centre of the learning process. It draws on research conducted at an Australian university over an 18-month period and involving 170 participants. The study focused on the ways in which student motivations, inclinations, expectations and prior experience interacted with experiences of living in Australia and the experience-based nature of the unit of study shaped their responses and perceptions of learning.
The Effects of Environmental Uncertainty and Budgetary Control Effectiveness on Propensity to Create Budgetary Slack in Public Sector

This study examines the relationship among environmental uncertainty, effectiveness of budgetary control and propensity to create budgetary slack in public organizations. For this purpose, the data collected from 460 public organizations’ managers via questionnaire. Results of analyses show that negative and statistically significant relationship is found between environmental uncertainty and effectiveness of budgetary control and between effectiveness of budgetary control and propensity to create budgetary slack. However, environmental uncertainty has statistically significant and positive impact on propensity to create budgetary slack. It is also found that budgetary control has partial mediation effect on the relationship between environmental uncertainty and propensity to create budgetary slack.
How Do “Resource Bundles” Develop and Change in New Ventures? A Dynamic Model and Longitudinal Exploration

According to recent studies applying Resource-Based Theory [RBT] to entrepreneurial firms (e.g. Chandler & Hanks, 1994; Brush & Greene, 1996), in the early stages of new venture development it is the identification and acquisition of resources—rather than deployment or allocation activities—that is crucial for the firm's long-term success (Stevenson & Gumpert, 1985). This study explores that relationship longitudinally, tracking salient resources in three rapidly growing new ventures, and analyzing how these resources change over time. Our findings identify the most common types of salient resources, the primary types of changes in resource and resource bundles, and a pattern linking the type of change with short-term performance results in each firm.
Analysis and Selection of Prosodic Features for Language Identification

Prosodic features are relatively simple in their structures and are believed to be effective in some speech recognition tasks. However, this kind of features is subject to undesirable bias factors, such as speaking styles. To cope with this, researchers have suggested various normalization and measure methods to the features, which makes the feature inventory very large. In this paper, we use a mutual information criterion to analyze and select a number of prosody-related features in a language identification (LID) task. Among twelve optimal features, eight of them are elaborated in this paper. The feature analysis metric, z-score, is shown to have a moderate to high correlation with LID accuracies. Feature selection proposed in this paper brings about the best performance among all prosodic LID systems to our knowledge. A further attempt in system fusion shows a 13% relative improvement the prosodic LID system brings to the conventional phonotactic approach to LID.
Organizational and Financial Economics

We investigate behaviors in organizational and financial economics by utilizing and developing the latest techniques from game theory, experimental economics, computational testbed, and decision-making under risk and uncertainty. In the first chapter, we use game theory and experimental economics approaches to analyze the relationships between corporate culture and the persistent performance differences among seemingly similar enterprises. First, we show that competition leads to higher minimum effort levels in the minimum effort coordination game. Furthermore, we show that organizations with better coordination also lead to higher rates of cooperation in the prisoner's dilemma game. This supports the theory that the high-efficiency culture developed in coordination games act as a focal point for the outcome of subsequent prisoner's dilemma game. In turn, we argue that these endogenous features of culture developed from coordination and cooperation can help explain the persistent performance differences. In the second chapter, using a computational testbed, we theoretically predict and experimentally show that in the minimum effort coordination game, as the cost of effort increases: 1. the game converges to lower effort levels, 2. convergence speed increases, and 3. average payoff is not monotonically decreasing. In fact, the average profit is an U-shaped curve as a function of cost. Therefore, contrary to the intuition, one can obtain a higher average profit by increasing the cost of effort. In the last chapter, we investigate a well-known paradox in finance. The equity market home bias occurs when the investors over-invest in their home country assets. The equity market home bias is a paradox because the investors are not hedging their risk optimally. Even with unrealistic levels of risk aversion, the equity market home bias cannot be explained using the standard mean-variance model. We propose ambiguity aversion to be the behavioral explanation. We design six experiments using real-world assets and derivatives to show the relationship between ambiguity aversion and home bias. We tested for ambiguity aversion by showing that the investor's subjective probability is sub-additive. The result from the experiment provides support for the assertion that ambiguity aversion is related to the equity market home bias paradox.
On the core of ideals

This paper studies the core of an ideal in a Noetherian local or graded ring. By definition, the core of an ideal is the intersection of all reductions of the ideal. We provide computational formulae for the determination of the core of a graded ring, meaning the core of the unique homogeneous maximal ideal. We then apply the formulae to give answers to several questions raised by Corso, Polini and Ulrich. We are also able to answer in the positive a conjecture raised by these three authors concerning a closed formula for the core. We give a positive answer to their question in the case in which the ring is Cohen–Macaulay with a residue field of characteristic 0, and in the case the ideal is equimultiple.
Do HR System Characteristics Affect the Frequency of Interpersonal Deviance in Organizations? The Role of Team Autonomy and Internal Labor Market Practices

Current research on determinants of interpersonal deviant behaviors in organizations, including incivility, bullying, and sexual harassment has focused primarily on the effects of individual-level characteristics while neglecting inter-organizational differences in human resource (HR) systems that shape the context for employee interactions at work. Using data from a nationally representative survey of over three hundred U.S. work establishments, I find empirical support for theory-based predictions that organizations with HR systems characterized by greater use of internal labor markets and less team autonomy are associated with lower frequencies of reported interpersonal deviance behaviors than those that rely on external labor markets and self? managed teams.
Exact quantum Fourier transforms and discrete logarithm algorithms

We show how the Quantum Fast Fourier Transform (QFFT) can be made exact for arbitrary orders (first showing it for large primes). Most quantum algorithms only need a good approximation of the quantum Fourier transform of order 2n to succeed with high probability, and this QFFT can in fact be done exactly. Kitaev1 showed how to approximate the Fourier transform for any order. Here we show how his construction can be made exact by using the technique known as "amplitude amplification". Although unlikely to be of any practical use, this construction allows one to make Shor's discrete logarithm quantum algorithm exact. Thus we have the first example of an exact non black box fast quantum algorithm, thereby giving more evidence that "quantum" need not be probabilistic. We also show that in a certain sense the family of circuits for the exact QFFT is uniform. Namely, the parameters of the gates can be approximated efficiently.
Empirical Estimation of Total Nitrogen and Total Phosphorus Concentration of Urban Water Bodies in China Using High Resolution IKONOS Multispectral Imagery

Measuring total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) is important in managing heavy polluted urban waters in China. This study uses high spatial resolution IKONOS imagery with four multispectral bands, which roughly correspond to Landsat/TM bands 1–4, to determine TN and TP in small urban rivers and lakes in China. By using Lake Cihu and the lower reaches of Wen-Rui Tang (WRT) River as examples, this paper develops both multiple linear regressions (MLR) and artificial neural network (ANN) models to estimate TN and TP concentrations from high spatial resolution remote sensing imagery and in situ water samples collected concurrently with overpassing satellite. The measured and estimated values of both MLR and ANN models are in good agreement (R2 > 0.85 and RMSE 0.86 and RMSE < 0.89). Results validate the potential of using high resolution IKONOS multispectral imagery to study the chemical states of small-sized urban water bodies. The spatial distribution maps of TN and TP concentrations generated by the ANN model can inform the decision makers of variations in water quality in Lake Cihu and lower reaches of WRT River. The approaches and equations developed in this study could be applied to other urban water bodies for water quality monitoring.
Updating of Representations in Working Memory

I am grateful to Klaus Oberauer and Reinhold Kliegl for valuable advice throughout the project and for helpful comments on my dissertation. To Saber and Yazan iv Contents Page 1 Updating of objects and object features 1 2 Feature updating experiments 10 2.1 Experiment 1: Updating of visual features 12
Residual cross-talk suppression for convolutive Blind Source Separation

In this paper, the problem of crosstalk suppression in convolutive Blind Source Separation (BSS) is investigated using a post-processing unit. We propose a precise technique to estimate the power spectral densities of the cross-talk components and then apply the Wiener filtering as a post-processing unit. Simulation results show that the proposed method suppresses the recognition of the crosstalk components with adding no distortion to the target signals.
Support Networks within the Family As a Public Good Problem

his paper examines altruism and exchange models of familial relationships. It first examines the predictions of these models when there are more than two family members, demonstrating that altruism with multiple altruists is similar to the classic public good model. The paper also examines predictions of the altruism model under the assumption that the child acts strategically. It is traditionally assumed that parents unilaterally determine the amount of assistance they provide to their child. However, if one allows strategic behavior by the child, the classic prediction of complete neutralization of redistributive policies does not hold. Empirical analyses do not overwhelmingly support either of the two models; other motivations are likely to be important.
Virucidal Nanofiber Textiles Based on Photosensitized Production of Singlet Oxygen

Novel biomaterials based on hydrophilic polycaprolactone and polyurethane (Tecophilic®) nanofibers with an encapsulated 5,10,5,20-tetraphenylporphyrin photosensitizer were prepared by electrospinning. The doped nanofiber textiles efficiently photo-generate O2(1Δg), which oxidize external chemical and biological substrates/targets. Strong photo-virucidal effects toward non-enveloped polyomaviruses and enveloped baculoviruses were observed on the surface of these textiles. The photo-virucidal effect was confirmed by a decrease in virus infectivity. In contrast, no virucidal effect was detected in the absence of light and/or the encapsulated photosensitizer.
Were there evolutionary advantages to premenstrual syndrome?

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) affects up to 80% of women, often leading to significant personal, social and economic costs. When apparently maladaptive states are widespread, they sometimes confer a hidden advantage, or did so in our evolutionary past. We suggest that PMS had a selective advantage because it increased the chance that infertile pair bonds would dissolve, thus improving the reproductive outcomes of women in such partnerships. We confirm predictions arising from the hypothesis: PMS has high heritability; gene variants associated with PMS can be identified; animosity exhibited during PMS is preferentially directed at current partners; and behaviours exhibited during PMS may increase the chance of finding a new partner. Under this view, the prevalence of PMS might result from genes and behaviours that are adaptive in some societies, but are potentially less appropriate in modern cultures. Understanding this evolutionary mismatch might help depathologize PMS, and suggests solutions, including the choice to use cycle‐stopping contraception.