Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance of RDF Query Processing on the Intel SCC

Chip makers are envisioning hundreds of cores in future processors for throughput oriented computing. These processors, called manycore processors, require new architectural innovations for scaling to a large number of cores as compared with today's multicore processors. We report an early study on the performance of RDF query processing on a manycore processor. In our study, we use the Intel SCC, an experimental manycore processor from Intel Labs. This processor has new architectural features, namely, 48 Pentium cores, a high speed, on-chip mesh network to communicate between cores and access memory controllers, on-chip message passing buffers for high speed message passing, and software controlled fine-grained power management. We classify queries based on their I/O footprint and study the impact of two standard models, namely, task and data parallel programming models. Based on our experiments with synthetic and real RDF datasets on the SCC, we conclude that the task parallelism model provides an immediate way to boost the performance of RDF query processing.
Rate of cyp51A mutation in Aspergillus fumigatus among lung transplant recipients with targeted prophylaxis.

OBJECTIVES The most common mechanism of azole (itraconazole and voriconazole) resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus is a mutation at the cyp51A locus. The aim of our study was to determine the rate of cyp51A mutations in lung transplant recipients (LTR) undergoing targeted antifungal prophylaxis with 12 weeks of voriconazole. METHODS We conducted a prospective study that included 22 LTR with A. fumigatus between October 2008 and November 2011. Of those, 10 LTR were colonized with A. fumigatus and 12 had invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. RESULTS Four patients were found to have A. fumigatus isolates with a cyp51A mutation, two had colonization and two had invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. The remaining 18 LTR had WT cyp51A A. fumigatus isolates. All A. fumigatus isolates (except one due to mixed growth) were tested for antifungal susceptibility. A total of nine LTR were exposed to azoles prior to A. fumigatus isolation for a median duration of 249 (IQR 99-524) days. Azole exposure preceded the isolation of two mutant isolates and seven WT isolates. None of the cyp51A mutant isolates conferred phenotypic resistance to azoles. CONCLUSIONS Targeted antifungal prophylaxis in LTR did not lead to cyp51A resistance mutations in this cohort. Data on larger cohorts who receive universal antifungal prophylaxis are needed.
Neuronal Signal Dynamics during Preparation and Execution for Behavioral Shifting in Macaque Posterior Parietal Cortex

Cognitive flexibility arises from our ability to shift behaviors depending on demand changes. Behavioral shifting recruits both a preparatory process for an upcoming behavior and an execution process for the actual behavior. Although neuroimaging studies have shown that several brain regions, including posterior parietal cortex (PPC) participated in each component process, it remains unresolved how such processes are implemented at the single-cell level or even whether these processes are distinctively carried out across microstructures in such regions. By recording single-unit activity from PPC of two monkeys performing an analog of the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, we found that, in the execution process, two types of neurons exhibited activity modulation depending on whether shift was (shift trial) or was not required (nonshift trial): one type showing larger activity and the other showing smaller activity in the shift trial than in the nonshift trial. In the preparatory process, in contrast, the population activity of both types became larger in the shift trial than in the nonshift trial. The majority of both types exhibited shift-related activity modulation in both processes, whereas the remaining was specialized in the execution process. The former and the latter neurons were spatially intermingled within PPC. Significantly, when the animals performed set shifting spontaneously in prospect of a demand change, the shift-related activity modulation still emerged in both processes. We suggest that both execution and preparation signals are represented within PPC, and that these signals reflect behavioral shifting mechanisms that can be driven by either internal or external triggers.
How Institutions Communicate: Institutional Messages, Institutional Logics, and Organizational Communication

Institutional messages provide a conceptual and empirical link between the predominantly macro world of institutions and the micro world of organizational communication. The concept of the institutional message is used colloquially but has not been developed theoretically.The conception that emerges from a review of the scholarly and primitive uses is that institutional messages are collations of thoughts that take on lives independent of senders and recipients. They may have the force of rules, spread intentionally or unintentionally via multiple channels to narrow or wider audiences. This essay considers the institutionality of messages in terms of their endurance, reach, encumbency, and intentionality. Institutional messages carry institutional logics—patterns of beliefs and rules. They are collations of thoughts that are intentional, enduring, have a wide reach, and encumber organizational participants to engage in certain behaviors or to take performative responses. It is argued that individuals and organizations develop institutional logics as they make sense of institutional messages. Implications and suggestions for research are included.
Timely YAGO: harvesting, querying, and visualizing temporal knowledge from Wikipedia

Recent progress in information extraction has shown how to automatically build large ontologies from high-quality sources like Wikipedia. But knowledge evolves over time; facts have associated validity intervals. Therefore, ontologies should include time as a first-class dimension. In this paper, we introduce Timely YAGO, which extends our previously built knowledge base YAGO with temporal aspects. This prototype system extracts temporal facts from Wikipedia infoboxes, categories, and lists in articles, and integrates these into the Timely YAGO knowledge base. We also support querying temporal facts, by temporal predicates in a SPARQL-style language. Visualization of query results is provided in order to better understand of the dynamic nature of knowledge.
Factors associated with self-cutting as a method of self-harm: findings from the Irish National Registry of Deliberate Self-Harm.

BACKGROUND Research suggests that patients presenting to hospital with self-cutting differ from those with intentional overdose in demographic and clinical characteristics. However, large-scale national studies comparing self-cutting patients with those using other self-harm methods are lacking. We aimed to compare hospital-treated self-cutting and intentional overdose, to examine the role of gender in moderating these differences, and examine the characteristics and outcomes of those patients presenting with combined self-cutting and overdose. METHODS Between 2003 and 2010, the Irish National Registry of Deliberate Self-Harm recorded 42,585 self-harm presentations to Irish hospital emergency departments meeting the study inclusion criteria. Data were obtained on demographic and clinical characteristics by independent data registration officers. RESULTS Compared with overdose only, involvement of self-cutting (with or without overdose) was significantly more common in males than females, with an overrepresentation of males aged <35 years. Independent of gender, involvement of self-cutting (with or without overdose) was significantly associated with younger age, city residence, repetition within 30 days and repetition within a year (females only). Factors associated with self-cutting as the sole method were no fixed abode/living in an institution, presenting outside 9 a.m. to 5 p.m. , not consuming alcohol and repetition between 31 days and 1 year (males only). CONCLUSION The demographic and clinical differences between self-harm patients underline the presence of different subgroups with implications for service provision and prevention of repeated self-harm. Given the relationship between self-cutting and subsequent repetition, service providers need to ensure that adequate follow-up arrangements and supports are in place for the patient.
Structure-Based Analysis of Five Novel Disease-Causing Mutations in 21-Hydroxylase-Deficient Patients

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency is the most frequent inborn error of metabolism, and accounts for 90–95% of CAH cases. The affected enzyme, P450C21, is encoded by the CYP21A2 gene, located together with a 98% nucleotide sequence identity CYP21A1P pseudogene, on chromosome 6p21.3. Even though most patients carry CYP21A1P-derived mutations, an increasing number of novel and rare mutations in disease causing alleles were found in the last years. In the present work, we describe five CYP21A2 novel mutations, p.R132C, p.149C, p.M283V, p.E431K and a frameshift g. 2511_2512delGG, in four non-classical and one salt wasting patients from Argentina. All novel point mutations are located in CYP21 protein residues that are conserved throughout mammalian species, and none of them were found in control individuals. The putative pathogenic mechanisms of the novel variants were analyzed in silico. A three-dimensional CYP21 structure was generated by homology modeling and the protein design algorithm FoldX was used to calculate changes in stability of CYP21A2 protein. Our analysis revealed changes in protein stability or in the surface charge of the mutant enzymes, which could be related to the clinical manifestation found in patients.
Transcriptional regulation of adhesive properties of Bacillus subtilis to extracellular matrix proteins through the fibronectin‐binding protein YloA

Bacterial adherence to extracellular matrix proteins (ECMp) plays important roles during host–pathogen interaction, however its genetic regulation remains poorly understood. yloA of the model bacterium Bacillus subtilis shows high homology to genes encoding fibronectin‐binding proteins of Gram‐positive pathogens. Here, we characterized the regulatory network of YloA‐dependent adhesive properties of the probiotic B. subtilis natto (Bsn). YloA‐proficient, but not YloA‐deficient, Bsn specifically bound to ECMp in a concentration‐dependent manner and were proficient in biofilm formation. yloA expression showed a continuous increase in activity during the growth phase and decreased during the stationary phase. The transcription factors AbrB and DegU downregulated yloA expression during the logarithmic and stationary growth phases respectively. Analysis of the yloA promoter region revealed the presence of AT‐rich direct and inverted repeats previously reported to function as DegU‐recognized binding sites. In spo0A cells, yloA expression was completely turned off because of upregulation of AbrB throughout growth. Accordingly, DNase I footprinting analysis confirmed that AbrB bound to the promoter region of yloA. Interestingly, Bsn bound fibronectin with higher affinity, lower Kd, than several bacterial pathogens and competitively excluded them from binding to immobilized‐fibronectin, a finding that might be important for the anti‐infective properties of B. subtilis and its relatives.
X-ray Densitometry of Norway Spruce Subfossil Wood From the Austrian Alps

ABSTRACT The processing of subfossil wood poses some difficulties in densitometric research. Problems arise because of the physiochemical changes of wood occurring in the sedimentation environment. Subfossil wood modification can result from the uptake of mineral and organic substances into the wood tissue. It can also occur as the effect of microbiological degradation of wood. The goal of this study was to identify the appropriate method of subfossil wood preparation for the densitometric research. For this purpose the wood of Norway spruce from Lake Schwarzensee was subjected to extraction in de-ionized water, acetone and diluted acetic acid. The application of acetic acid did not significantly influence the density of the wood and acetone seemed to be too aggressive. The best result was obtained by rinsing the samples in cold de-ionized water. This extraction procedure allowed removal of unwanted water-soluble, organic and inorganic compounds from wood and simultaneously did not lead to the degradation of subfossil samples.
Two-dimensional simulation of guided ultrasound wave propagation in healing long bones

Ultrasonic evaluation of bone fracture healing has been traditionally based on the measurement of the propagation velocity of the first arriving signal. This work investigates the propagation of guided ultrasound waves in intact and healing bones. We present two-dimensional simulations of wave propagation in a bone-mimicking plate that incorporates also a model for callus, as well as, ex vivo measurements on an intact tibia. Representation of theoretically predicted Lamb waves was performed with the use of time-frequency (t-f) signal analysis techniques. The performance of three t-f distribution functions was tested. It was demonstrated that the dispersion of Lamb waves was influenced by the presence of callus. However, Lamb waves were gradually restored during the simulated healing process. The application of the Lamb wave theory to real bones has several limitations mostly associated with neglecting the inhomogeneity and anisotropy of bone. The use of guided waves can enhance the monitoring capabilities of ultrasonic evaluation. Keywords-fracture healing; ultrasound; guided waves; timefrequency analysis; simulations
Coordinate control of axon defasciculation and myelination by laminin-2 and -8

Schwann cells form basal laminae (BLs) containing laminin-2 (Ln-2; heterotrimer α2β1γ1) and Ln-8 (α4β1γ1). Loss of Ln-2 in humans and mice carrying α2-chain mutations prevents developing Schwann cells from fully defasciculating axons, resulting in partial amyelination. The principal pathogenic mechanism is thought to derive from structural defects in Schwann cell BLs, which Ln-2 scaffolds. However, we found loss of Ln-8 caused partial amyelination in mice without affecting BL structure or Ln-2 levels. Combined Ln-2/Ln-8 deficiency caused nearly complete amyelination, revealing Ln-2 and -8 together have a dominant role in defasciculation, and that Ln-8 promotes myelination without BLs. Transgenic Ln-10 (α5β1γ1) expression also promoted myelination without BL formation. Rather than BL structure, we found Ln-2 and -8 were specifically required for the increased perinatal Schwann cell proliferation that attends myelination. Purified Ln-2 and -8 directly enhanced in vitro Schwann cell proliferation in collaboration with autocrine factors, suggesting Lns control the onset of myelination by modulating responses to mitogens in vivo.
Antisocial personality disorder: Co‐morbid Axis I mental disorders and health service use among a national household population

Antisocial personality disorder is highly co-morbid with other mental disorders, particularly substance use disorders, but little is known about the use of mental health services among this group. The study investigated the use of mental health services and associations with psychiatric co-morbidity among persons with a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder within a representative UK household population. Weighted data from 8 395 respondents included 245 (2.9%) with a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder. This diagnosis resulted in independent risks of substance abuse disorders, suicide attempts and generalized anxiety disorders when compared with the general population. Help-seeking behaviour was more prevalent among the antisocial group than the general population but was primarily mediated through co-morbid Axis I mental disorders and was not because of antisocial symptoms or other co-morbid personality disorders. Among those with antisocial personality disorder, approximately one-quarter had consulted a mental health professional in the year before interview. Of those, nearly 70% suffered from a co-morbid anxiety disorder. High use of mental health services among persons with antisocial personality disorder appears to be a characteristic of a specific subgroup with high levels of anxiety. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Host and Bacterial Factors Affecting Induction of Immune Responses to Flagellin Expressed by Attenuated Salmonella Vaccine Strains

ABSTRACT Previous observations demonstrated that the delivery of recombinant Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin strains to mice via mucosal routes did not efficiently activate systemic and secreted antibody responses to either type d flagellin or genetically fused heterologous B-cell epitopes, thus reducing the usefulness of the protein as a carrier of epitopes for vaccine purposes. In this work, we investigated murine systemic and mucosal flagellin immunogenicity after oral immunization with attenuated Salmonella strains. The reduced anti-type d flagellin antibody responses in mice immunized via mucosal routes with three doses of flagellated S. enterica serovar Dublin strains were not caused by oral tolerance and could not be restored by coadministration of a mucosal adjuvant. The induction of antibody responses to Salmonella flagellins was shown to differ according to the genetic background, but not the haplotype, of the mouse lineage. Moreover, BALB/c mice orally immunized with S. enterica serovar Typhimurium strains developed anti-type i flagellin sera and secreted antibody responses, which indicated that the serovar of the Salmonella vaccine strain also affected flagellin immunogenicity. Analyses of cytokine responses of BALB/c mice immunized with three oral doses of flagellated S. enterica serovar Dublin vaccine strains showed that, in spite of the lack of antibody responses, elevated type d flagellin-specific CD4-cell-activation-dependent gamma interferon (IFN-γ) and interleukin-10 responses were elicited after the administration of the vaccine strains via either parenteral or mucosal routes. Similar cytokine production patterns were detected to a T-cell heterologous epitope, derived from the CFA/I fimbriae of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), in mice orally immunized with a Salmonella vaccine strain expressing hybrid flagella. These results indicate that the immunogenicities of Salmonella flagellins can differ significantly, depending on the murine host and on the bacterial vector used, and demonstrate that the induction of CD4-cell-activation-dependent IFN-γ production represents a major immune response triggered by flagellin and in-frame fused heterologous T-cell epitopes after the oral administration of recombinant S. enterica serovar Dublin vaccine strains.
Perceived Support, Social Undermining, and Emotion: Idiosyncratic and Shared Perspectives of Adolescents and their Families

Self-report measures of perceived social support and social undermining consistently have been linked to mental health. Such measures of social relations reflect both shared social reality and respondents’ idiosyncratic perceptions, and each of these two components can have different relations to outcomes. This study investigated the extent to which the shared and idiosyncratic components of support and undermining were related to emotion. A clinical sample of 50 adolescents and their family members completed measures of perceived social support and undermining in the family, social desirability, and positive and negative affect. Shared social reality and idiosyncratic perception had different links to emotion depending on the social construct and the emotion. For social undermining, both shared perceptions and adolescents’ idiosyncratic perceptions independently predicted negative affect. For perceived support, only adolescents’ idiosyncratic perceptions predicted positive affect. Consistent with prior research, support was primarily associated with positive affect, whereas social undermining was primarily related to negative affect.
Examining Sources of Gender DIF in Mathematics Assessments Using a Confirmatory Multidimensional Model Approach

This study contributes to understanding sources of gender differential item functioning (DIF) on mathematics tests. This study focused on identifying sources of DIF and differential bundle functioning for boys and girls on the British Columbia Principles of Mathematics Exam (Grade 12) using a confirmatory SIBTEST approach based on a multidimensional model. Problem solving as a content area was confirmed as a source of gender DIF in favor of boys when the item is presented in the form of a story problem or when the problems are noncontext specific. Patterns and relations content areas produced a mixture of confirmed sources of DIF, with some subtopics favoring the girls and some favoring the boys. In contrast to what might be expected given the findings of previous gender DIF research, this study did not find geometry to be a source of gender DIF. All of the higher cognitive level items favored boys. High levels of DIF were detected in favor of girls on the bundle of computation items in which no equations were provided in the question.
Flying over uneven moving terrain based on optic-flow cues without any need for reference frames or accelerometers

Two bio-inspired guidance principles involving no reference frame are presented here and were implemented in a rotorcraft, which was equipped with panoramic optic flow (OF) sensors but (as in flying insects) no accelerometer. To test these two guidance principles, we built a tethered tandem rotorcraft called BeeRotor (80 grams), which was tested flying along a high-roofed tunnel. The aerial robot adjusts its pitch and hence its speed, hugs the ground and lands safely without any need for an inertial reference frame. The rotorcraft’s altitude and forward speed are adjusted via two OF regulators piloting the lift and the pitch angle on the basis of the common-mode and differential rotor speeds, respectively. The robot equipped with two wide-field OF sensors was tested in order to assess the performances of the following two systems of guidance involving no inertial reference frame: (i) a system with a fixed eye orientation based on the curved artificial compound eye (CurvACE) sensor, and (ii) an active system of reorientation based on a quasi-panoramic eye which constantly realigns its gaze, keeping it parallel to the nearest surface followed. Safe automatic terrain following and landing were obtained with CurvACE under dim light to daylight conditions and the active eye-reorientation system over rugged, changing terrain, without any need for an inertial reference frame.