Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Selective cell cycle transcription requires membrane synthesis in Caulobacter

Caulobacter crescentus divides asymmetrically and creates distinct polar membrane surfaces that partition during the cell cycle to distinct cell progeny. Blocking membrane synthesis prevented transcription from selective promoters involved in asymmetric cell division. Transcription from sigma‐54‐dependent flagellar promoters was blocked completely; however, transcription from the CtrA response regulator‐dependent flagellar promoters was activated but reduced. Transcription from the ccrM (DNA methylation) promoter and the che (chemosensory) promoter was also blocked completely. Transcription from a strong promoter at the chromosome replication origin was first stopped then induced by blocked membrane synthesis. We propose a feedback control coupling membrane synthesis to transcription that selectively supports membrane‐associated processes such as flagellar assembly, chemosensory biogenesis and chromosome replication.
“Ecologizing” Instruction through Integrated Units

Well, a lot of hard work along with a little frustration has proven to pay off. The first team offive has completed its unit and I am beginning to feel like we are finally accomplishing something. The teachers enjoyed creating as well as implementing the unit. The students were also very enthusiastic about the unit, and they were quoted as saying "we really understand this stuff. " To make things even more rewarding for all involved, there was a write up in the local newspaper today. The teachers were proud of the students and the work they have done to receive such recog nition. The principal was also very pleased. Something good is happening in his school, and now the whole city knows about it. (Abrahamson, 1996, appendix)
Semantic Annotation of Multilingual Text Corpora

This paper describes a multi-site project to annotate six sizable bilingual parallel corpora for interlingual content. After presenting the background and objectives of the effort, we describe the data set that is being annotated, the interlingua representation language used, an interface environment that supports the annotation task and the annotation process itself. We then present our evaluation methodology and conclude with a summary of the current status of the project along with a number of issues which have arisen.
European Conference on Information Systems ( ECIS ) 2007 Students ` Acceptance of E-Learning Environments : A Comparative Study in Sweden and Lithuania

This paper presents findings from an ongoing cross-cultural study exploring the implementation of e-learning environments in higher education in Sweden and Lithuania. The aim of the study was to explore factors affecting students’ acceptance and use of e-learning. A questionnaire was developed based on the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and the Innovation Diffusion Theory (IDT). Data was collected from 67 master students in public health education in Sweden and Lithuania. Lithuanian students were found to experience a substantially higher degree of acceptance of e-learning environments than Nordic students at the Swedish university. Rate of use, time spent on use and confidence in computer use affected acceptance of the e-learning environment positively at the Swedish university. At the Lithuanian university, previous knowledge of computer use affected acceptance in a positive way. Lithuanian male students experienced a lower degree of perceived usefulness of the e-learning environment than Lithuanian female students. The findings of the study suggest that cultural and organisational factors are important to consider in explaining students’ acceptance of e-learning environments as well as being important in implementation strategy and tactics.
Productivity Growth, On-the-Job Search, and Unemployment

The impact of long-run productivity growth on unemployment is studied. We incorporate disembodied technological progress and on-the-job search into the endogenous job separation model of Mortensen and Pissarides (1994). Because we include on-the-job search, faster growth reduces unemployment by decreasing job separation and inducing job creation. The incorporation of on-the-job search substantially improves the ability of the Mortensen and Pissarides model to explain the effect of growth on labor market variables. Specifically, our model generates not only an empirically consistent sign of the effect, but also a larger impact of growth on unemployment than the standard matching model.
Growth and Size of the R&D Sector in a Model with Endogenous Fertility

We examine the relationship between the intensity of the research activity and the long-run level of economic growth in a model with endogenous technical progress and endogenous choice of fertility. To conduct the analysis, we introduce a policy tool charged on labour employed by the research sector. When the size of the RD and the value of the elasticity of the share of working labour devoted to research with respect to policy changes.
Budget support, conditionality and poverty

This paper examines the effectiveness of budget support aid as an anti-poverty instrument. We argue that a major determinant of this effectiveness is the element of trust – or `social capital´, as it may be seen – which builds up between representatives of the donor and recipient. Thus we model the conditionality processes attending budget support aid, not purely in the conventional way as a non-cooperative two-person game, but rather as a non-cooperative game which may mutate into a collaborative equilibrium if sufficient trust between the negotiating parties builds up. Whether or not this happens is, we argue, fundamental to the effectiveness of conditionality, and of budget support aid. This then requires us to enquire into the determinants of trust, which - we empirically demonstrate - derive from the experience of the negotiating parties with one another, from the incentives they are able to provide to trust one another and from the processes within which their negotiations are conducted. The model is tested against two samples: extensively against a broad sample of all African countries undergoing budget support operations and intensively against a narrow sample of Ethiopia, Uganda, Malawi and Zambia. The statistical analysis suggests that trust has in practice been achieved not only through a positive `social history´ but by the transmission of forward-looking `signals´ or `bona fides´ concerning fundamentals: high pro-poor expenditure, low military expenditure, and low corruption show a positive relationship with growing trust (measured in terms of freedom from programme interruptions). Where these signals are present, budget support aid is in general growing, and slippage on overt conditionality is in general forgiven; but there are exceptions to this trend, as our case-study analysis demonstrates . A proactive stance in defence of a pro-poor strategy is positive for trust, as are certain procedural reforms including the presence of an IMF resident mission and frequent face-to-face meetings between negotiators for donor and recipient. High trust generates stability of aid, and stability of aid, in conjunction with its level and its targeting, significantly influences growth and poverty outcomes.
THE FUZZY-NEURAL NETWORK TRAFFIC PREDICTION FRAMEWORK WITH WAVELET DECOMPOSITION

This paper addresses a framework of a traffic prediction model which could eliminate the noises caused by random travel conditions. In the meantime, this model can also quantitatively calculate the influence of special factors. This framework combined several artificial intelligence technologies such as wavelet transform, neural network and fuzzy logic. In addition to developing the prediction framework the wavelet de-noising method is also emphasized and analyzed in this paper
An Economic Analysis of Terminal Aerodrome Forecasts with Special Reference to Sydney Airport

This paper examines economic aspects of weather forecasts for aviation known as Ter minal Aerodrome Forecasts (TAFs). TAFs are predictions of weather conditions within an eight-kilometre radius of an aerodrome; they are issued every six hours, have a twen ty-four hour validity, and are produced for all major airports in the world (BoM, 1981). In Australia, TAFs are produced by the Bureau of Meteorology (BoM), an agency of the Australian Federal Government. Although TAFs have many safety-related and opera tional roles, their use during flight planning is the focus of this paper. Many airlines rely on TAFs during flight planning; for example to determine the carrying of additional (al ternate) fuel for diversion to an alternative airport if weather conditions around the in tended destination are adverse. Inaccurate TAF information may cause unnecessary diversions or mean that additional fuel is carried unnecessarily. Aviation is both weather and weather information sensitive (Marks, 1980). Informa tion has economic value only if it affects human decision making; TAF information af fects decisions. The objective of this paper is to assess the economic benefits and costs of TAFs. The analysis involves the estimation of: (1) the direct benefits of improved TAF accuracy; (2) the direct value of TAFs at a particular accuracy level and over a specified time period; (3) the net social benefits of the TAFs; and (4) the optimal level of TAF accuracy. Twenty-two years of historical TAF verification data, and real airline cost data, are analysed within the decision making framework formulated below. The results presented are based on the international operations of Qantas Airways Limited into Sydney Airport. The direct benefits and costs are defined in terms of the role of TAFs in determining aircraft fuel load for airlines employing a discretionary alternate fuel policy.1
Dynamic Principles of Gait and Their Clinical Implications

A healthy gait pattern depends on an array of biomechanical features, orchestrated by the central nervous system for economy and stability. Injuries and other pathologies can alter these features and result in substantial gait deficits, often with detrimental consequences for energy expenditure and balance. An understanding of the role of biomechanics in the generation of healthy gait, therefore, can provide insight into these deficits. This article examines the basic principles of gait from the standpoint of dynamic walking, an approach that combines an inverted pendulum model of the stance leg with a pendulum model of the swing leg and its impact with the ground. The heel-strike at the end of each step has dynamic effects that can contribute to a periodic gait and its passive stability. Biomechanics, therefore, can account for much of the gait pattern, with additional motor inputs that are important for improving economy and stability. The dynamic walking approach can predict the consequences of disruptions to normal biomechanics, and the associated observations can help explain some aspects of impaired gait. This article reviews the basic principles of dynamic walking and the associated experimental evidence for healthy gait and then considers how the principles may be applied to clinical gait pathologies.
The Impact of Location on Crop Choice and Rural Livelihood: Evidences from Villages in Northern Ethiopia

This paper attempts to demonstrate how location of an agricultural economic activity in relation to urban centers determines households' decision to allot their agricultural land to the production of either staple crop or a high value but risky cash crop. Analyzing household data from villages in North Eastern Ethiopia, we find that proximity to urban centers, access to road, and education along with other factors determine the crop choice in favor of the production of high value crops. Crop choices further significantly predict levels of per capita income across villages where the farthest with no access to road are the poorest.
Negotiating duality: a framework for understanding the lives of street-involved youth.

Supervisory Committee Dr. James P. Anglin, (School of Child and Youth Care) Supervisor Dr. Douglas Magnuson, (School of Child and Youth Care) Departmental Member Dr. Leslie Foster, (School of Child and Youth Care) Departmental Member Dr. Cecilia Benoit, (Sociology) Outside Member In this study, classic grounded theory is used to explore and explain the relationship between street-involved youth and the streets. The main concern of the youth in this study is negotiating duality, and at the heart of this negotiation process is seeking safety on the streets while struggling to emerge into mainstream society. Data was collected in a mid-sized urban Canadian city through semi-structured interviews, observation, conversations and photography with 52 current street-involved youth, 6 former street-involved youth, and 8 adults who work with this population. The study led to the development of a substantive theory of negotiating duality, the core construct which emerged as the means by which street-involved youth handle their need to both survive in the day-to-day context of the streets while simultaneously working their way off the streets and back to mainstream society. Four domains of duality emerged as significant: dual logic, dual space and place, dual identity, and dual normality. Additionally, three interrelated concepts (social processes) emerged from the data: seeking safety, struggling to emerge, and living outside normal. These processes
Financial Accounting and Equity Markets: Selected Essays of Philip Brown

Foreword Stephen A. Zeff Introduction List of Publications Part 1: Returns and Earnings 1. (with R. Ball) "An empirical evaluation of accounting income numbers", Journal of Accounting Research, 6(2), 1968, 159-178. 2. "Invited Remarks: Ball and Brown [1968]", Journal of Accounting Research, 27 (Supplement), 1989, 202-217. 3. "The impact of the annual net profit report on the stock market", The Australian Accountant, 40(July), 1970, 277-283. 4. (with J.W. Kennelly) "The informational content of quarterly earnings: an extension and some further evidence", The Journal of Business, 45(3), 1972, 403-415. 5. (with B. Howitt and M. Wee), "Order flow and price effects surrounding an ASX announcement", 2005 AFAANZ Conference Proceedings, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand (July, 2005), CD-ROM. Part 2: Miscellaneous Issues 6. (with R. Ball) "Identifying some issues in C.C. A. ", The Australian Accountant, 47(August), 1977, 413-414 and 419-421. 7. (with T.S. Walter) "Sharemarket efficiency and the experts: some Australian findings", Australian Journal of Management, 7(1), 1982, 19-31. 8. (with G. Gallery and O. Goei) "Does market misvaluation help explain share market long-run underperformance following a seasoned equity issue? " Accounting and Finance, 46(2), 2006, 191-219. 9. (with I. Dunlop) "A case of reporting form over substance", Australian Accounting Review, 1(2), 1991, 40-46. 10. (with H.Y. Izan and A.L. Loh) "Fixed asset revaluations and managerial incentives", Abacus, 28(1), 1992, 36-57. Part 3: Standard-Setting and Regulation 11. (with S.L. Taylor and T.S. Walter) "The impact of statutory sanctions on the level and information content of voluntary corporate disclosure", Abacus, 35(2), 1999, 138-162. 12. (with W. Beekes) "Do better-governed Australian firms make more informative disclosures? " Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, 33(3-4), 2006, 422-450. 13. (with B. Howieson) "Capital markets research and accounting standard setting", Accounting and Finance, 38(1), 1998, 5-28. 14. (with G. Clinch) "Global harmonisation of accounting standards: what research into capital markets tells us", Australian Accounting Review, 8(1), 1998, 21-29. 15. "International Financial Reporting Standards: what are the benefits? " Accounting and Business Research, 41(3), 2011, 269-285. 16. (with A. Tarca) "Politics, processes and the future of Australian accounting standards", Abacus, 37(3), 2001, 267-296. 17. (with A. Tarca) "Achieving high quality, comparable financial reporting: a review of independent enforcement bodies in Australia and the United Kingdom", Abacus, 43(4), 2007, 438-473. Part 4: In Theory 18. "A note on the inverse (reverse) sum-of-the-years'-digits method and other ways to amortise goodwill", Australian Accounting Review, 5(1), 1995, 17-21. 19. (with A. Szimayer) "Valuing executive stock options: performance hurdles, early exercise and stochastic volatility", Accounting and Finance, 48(3), 2008, 363-389. Index
Current status of and future strategies for multimodality treatment of unresectable stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer

Stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) encompasses a heterogeneous group of patients, some of whom may be candidates for potentially curative surgery, although for the majority surgery is not an option. Recommended therapy for patients with unresectable stage III disease is concurrent treatment with chemotherapy and thoracic radiotherapy, although even with this dual modality therapy survival remains disappointing. Novel classes of agents including targeted therapies have been shown to improve survival in advanced stage NSCLC, raising the possibility that these agents may have benefits in multimodal therapy when combined with chemoradiotherapy. Here we consider the rationale for combining new agents with chemoradiotherapy and the evidence from clinical studies assessing multimodal strategies for the management of patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC. The rationale for combining new agents with chemoradiotherapy to treat stage III NSCLC and data from clinical studies http://ow.ly/nuE1d
The Long-Run Economic Impact of Aids

This paper studies the long-run impact of HIV/AIDS on per capita income and education. We introduce a channel from HIV/AIDS to long-run income that has been overlooked by the literature, the reduction of the incentives to study due to shorter expected longevity. We work with a continuous time overlapping generations model in which life cycle features of savings and education decision play key roles. The simulations predict that the most affected countries in Sub-Saharan Africa will be in the future, on average, a quarter poorer than they would be without AIDS, due only to the direct (human capital reduction) and indirect (decline in savings and investment) effects of life-expectancy reductions. Schooling will decline on average by half. These findings are well above previous results in the literature and indicate that, as pessimistic as they may be, at least in economic terms the worst could be yet to come.
Series Divisions of Research & Statistics and Monetary Affairs Federal Reserve Board , Washington , D . C . Financial Intermediation , Investment Dynamics and Business Cycle Fluctuations

I use micro data to quantify key features of U.S. firm financing. In particular, I establish that a substantial 35% of firms’ investment is funded using financial markets. I then construct a dynamic equilibrium model that matches these features and fit the model to business cycle data using Bayesian methods. In the model, financial intermediaries enable trades of financial assets, directing funds towards investment opportunities, and charge an intermediation spread to cover their costs. According to the model estimation, exogenous shocks to the intermediation spread explain 40% of GDP and 60% of investment volatility. I am indebted to Larry Christiano and Giorgio Primiceri for their extensive help, guidance and encouragement throughout this project. I have particularly benefited from discussions with Luca Benzoni, Alejandro Justiniano and Arvind Krishnamurthy. I am especially grateful to the editor and three anonymous referees at the American Economic Review for their helpful comments and suggestions. I would also like to thank Egon Zakrajsek for sharing his Excess Bond Premium series, Ferre De Graeve for his thoughtful discussion of the paper and seminar participants at Northwestern University, the Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Copenhagen Business School, the University of Lausanne, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL), the Federal Reserve Bank of Kansas City, Santa Clara University, the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Rotman School of Business University of Toronto, Banque de France, Collegio Carlo Alberto, Royal Holloway University of London, the Midwest Finance Conference, the Federal Reserve System Macro Conference, the CEPR-JMCB Conference on Macroeconomics and Financial Intermediation, the Spanish Economic Association Symposium 2011, the Midwest Macroeconomic Meetings 2012 at Notre Dame, the 2012 Summer Meetings of the Econometric Society at Northwestern University and the 2012 European Economic Association and Econometric Society European Meetings for their comments. Many thanks to Christine Garnier, William Gamber and Jason Sockin who have provided excellent research assistance at different stages of this project. The views expressed herein are those of the author and not necessarily those of the Federal Reserve Board or of the Federal Reserve System. All errors are mine. The most recent version of this paper can be found at http://ssrn.com/abstract=1822592. Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Constitution Avenue and 20th St., Division of Monetary Affairs, Monetary Studies, MS 76, Washington, DC 20551, andrea.ajello@frb.gov
Identifiability of discrete-time linear switched systems

In this paper we study the identifiability of linear switched systems (LSSs) in discrete-time.The question of identifiability is central to system identification, as it sets the boundaries of applicability of any system identification method; no system identification algorithm can properly estimate the parameters of a system which is not identifiable. We present necessary and sufficient conditions that guarantee structural identifiability for parametrized LSSs. We also introduce the class of semi-algebraic parametrizations, for which these conditions can be checked effectively.
Continuous Mode Power Amplifier Design Using Harmonic Clipping Contours: Theory and Practice

A novel graphical power amplifier (PA) design tool, the “clipping contour,” is introduced and described. Using the now well-publicized continuous Class-B/J voltage waveform formulation as a starting point, a process is derived that allows contours to be constructed on a Smith chart that define the “zero-grazing” fundamental and harmonic impedance conditions. Theoretical equations are defined and solved whereby the contours can be drawn in real time in a computer-added design environment. A key and novel result from this theory is the definition of a 2-D harmonic design space that opens up rapidly as small concessions from optimum power and efficiency matching conditions are made. A design example is described and fabricated, which demonstrates the utility of using the second harmonic clipping contour during the PA design process. A 10-W GaN demonstrator gives measured continuous wave power > 8.5 W, efficiency > 60%, and better than -30-dB adjacent channel power ratio over a bandwidth of 1-2.9 GHz.
The Power of Judges: A Comparative Study of Courts and Democracy

Introduction A. The social and political significance of the judiciary B. The rise of the political judge C. How to guard the guardians D. A comparative and empirical analysis: general trends and peculiar cases 1. Judges: Status, Career, and Activism 2. The Judicial System 3. The Political System Conclusion: Judicial Power: Threat or Key to Democracy? References Index