Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Working together? The practice of educational psychologists and speech and language therapists with children with specific speech and language difficulties

Meeting the needs of children with specific speech and language difficulties (SSLD) has recently been an area of public policy concern, because of the difficulties in securing speech and language therapy for children with special educational needs (SEN). There is a clear need for education and health service staff working together to support children with speech and language difficulties.The present research involved case studies of six English local authorities (LAs), along with the eight speech and language therapy services provided by the relevant local health trust. They were chosen as examples of good practice in education and health services working together, on the basis of information provided during a previous national study. The purpose of the research was to explore the collaborative practice of educational psychologists (EPs) and speech and language therapists (SLTs) with respect to the education of children with SSLD.This paper reports the views of 51 EPs and 120 SLTs, who worked in the case study LAs with respect to: collaboration; approach to assessment; provision; monitoring of progress; training and views on good practice. Despite the positive regard for collaboration expressed by both EPs and SLTs, their practice revealed little evidence of this occurring. Differences in approach, including the use of assessments for diagnostic purposes and the preference for inclusive as opposed to specialist provision, revealed important differences in conceptualisation between EPs and SLTs. The paper argues that these must be addressed so that collaborative practice by EPs and SLTs may be used not only to developgoodpractice but also to improve outcomes for children byeffectivepractice.
Varicella-Like Cutaneous Toxoplasmosis in a Patient with Aplastic Anemia

ABSTRACT A 60-year-old patient with aplastic anemia presented with vesicular varicella-like skin lesions on her face, arms, legs, back, and abdomen. However, diagnosis for herpetic infection was negative. Findings of a skin biopsy led to a tentative histologic diagnosis of toxoplasmosis, and infection with Toxoplasma gondii was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and PCR. Cutaneous toxoplasmosis is a rare finding in immunocompromised patients and might mimic other infectious diseases, and vesicular lesions associated with toxoplasmosis have not been reported previously.
Optimal code generation for expression trees: an application BURS theory

A <italic>Rewrite System</italic> is a collection of <italic>rewrite rules</italic> of the form α β where α and β are tree patterns. A rewrite system can be extended by associating a cost with each rewrite rule, and by defining the cost of a rewrite sequence as the sum of the costs of all the rewrite rules in the sequence. The REACHABILITY problem for a rewrite system <italic>R</italic> is, given an input tree <italic>T</italic> and a fixed <italic>goal</italic> tree <italic>G</italic>, to determine if there exists a rewrite sequence in <italic>R</italic>, rewriting <italic>T</italic> into <italic>G</italic> and, if so, to obtain one such sequence. The C-REACHABILITY problem is similar except that the obtained sequence must have minimal cost among all those sequences writing <italic>T</italic> into <italic>G</italic>. This paper introduces a class of rewrite systems called Bottom-Up Rewrite Systems (BURS), and a table-driven algorithm to solve REACHABILITY for member of the class. This algorithm is then modified to solve C-REACHABILITY and specialized for a subclass of BURS so that all cost manipulation is encoded into the tables and is not performed explicitly at solving time. The subclass extends the <italic>simple machine grammars</italic> [AGH84], rewrite systems used to describe target machine architectures for code generation, by allowing additional types of rewrite rules such as commutativity transformations. A table-driven code generator based on solving C-REACHABILITY has been implemented and tested with several machine descriptions. The code generator solves C-REACHABILITY faster than a comparable solver based on Graham-Glanville techniques [AGH84] (a non-optimal technique), yet requires only slightly larger tables. The code generator runs much faster than recent proposals to solve C-REACHABILITY that use pattern matching and deal with costs explicitly at solving time [AGT86, HeD87, WeW86]. The BURS theory generalizes and unifies the bottom-up approaches of Henry/Damron [HeD87] and Weisgerber/Wilhelm [WeW86].
Spinal stenosis, a cause of cauda equina compression.

1. The syndrome of spinal stenosis is due to compression of the cauda equina from structural narrowing of the lumbar spinal canal. 2. Patients with this syndrome present symptoms of cauda equina claudication or of unremitting bizarre back pain and sciatica. 3. The compression of the cauda equina is always posterior and postero-lateral and is caused by narrowing of the lateral recesses and of the dorso-ventral diameter of the spinal canal. 4. The diagnosis can be made only by myelography. The only form of successful relief of the nerve root compression in spinal stenosis is adequate lateral and longitudinal decompression.
Depressive Symptoms, Social Support, and Risk of Adult Asthma in a Population-Based Cohort Study

Objective: To investigate the association between depressive symptoms, social support, and prevalent as well as incident asthma. Depressive symptoms and social support may affect the development of asthma. This relationship could be mediated by health behaviors and/or inflammatory processes. Evidence from prospective cohort studies on depressive symptoms and social support in relation to asthma risk in adults remains sparse. Methods: Between 1992 and 1995, a population-based sample of 5114 middle-aged adults completed questionnaires covering depressive symptoms, social support, self-reported asthma, and potential confounders. Among those alive in 2002/2003, 4010 (83%) were followed-up by questionnaires. Associations with prevalent and incident asthma were estimated by prevalence ratios (PR) and risk ratios (RR) along with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs), using Poisson regression. PRs and RRs were adjusted for demographics, family history of asthma, smoking, alcohol consumption, body mass index, and physical exercise. Results: Cross-sectional analyses indicated that the prevalence of asthma was positively associated with depressive symptoms and inversely related to social support. Prospective analysis suggested a 24% increased risk of asthma with each 1-standard deviation increase in depressive symptoms (RR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.02, 1.50), whereas the social support z score showed an inverse association with asthma incidence (RR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.58, 0.88). Analyses with tertiles suggested similar, but nonsignificant, associations. Omitting health-related life-style variables from the multivariable models did not substantially alter these associations. Conclusions: Risk of adult asthma was found to increase with depressive symptoms and to decrease with social support. These associations do not seem to be explained by health-related life-style factors. BMI = body mass index; CI = confidence interval; EPIC = European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition; F-Sozu = “Fragebogen zur Sozialen Unterstützung” [Questionnaire on social support]; PR = prevalence ratio; RR = risk ratio.
Burnout and empathy in primary care: three hypotheses.

In the last 10 years, a growing literature about empathy in primary care indicates that, for both patient and clinician, empathy helps to improve many aspects of health care practice and patient satisfaction. Wensing et al 1 indicated that humaneness, exploring the needs of patients, and good communication skills are some of the high priorities that patients expect from their GP. Cape et al 2 showed that doctor empathy coded by external observers was positively correlated with listening interactions and patient involvement. Vedsted and Heje3 found that patients tended to recommend their GP to others if they judged them as ‘empathic’. Mercer et al 4 showed a positive relationship both between GP empathy and patient enablement at the consultation, and between patient enablement and changes in the main symptom and well-being evaluated 3 months after the consultation. Finally, Verheul et al 5 investigated the impact of a warm and empathic consultation compared to a cold and formal consultation on the certainty of the outcome. The greatest beneficial effects of empathic communication on stress reduction and expectancies were observed when it was combined with a positive expectations style. To preserve effective empathy in care, the health provider must be in a positive frame of mind and not affected by stress or burnout. Burnout occurs when individuals feel emotionally overwhelmed by the …
An Intervention Study on Velocity, Agility and Jump Ability in Youth Basketball Players in Albania

Introduction. An intervention study on youth basketball players during a 6-month fitness training aiming to assess and compare the performance on velocity, agility and jump ability on a frequency twice weekly was performed in Tirana, Albania. Methods. Twenty-eight youth (male) basketball players (age range 17-18 years) participated in this intervention study. They were assessed Pre and Post training through; velocity 10 m and 20m, agility test 10x5m and drop jump test. The intervention study lasted 6 months (twice weekly) on a fitness gym (strength training). The duration for each training set had lasted for each 45 min (8 fitness machines was used). Results. Results showed statistical significant improvement with regard to F max (kN), F max (kg N) and power (kg W) at p level =0.05. No statistical improvement were found for contact time and air time between pre and post measurement (p=0.09; p= 0.66). Also it was statistical significant improvement with regard to velocity 10m (seconds), velocity 20m (seconds) and agility 10x5m (seconds) at p level =0.05. Conclusion. The intervention performed in this study was successfully with regards to velocity, agility and jump performance. This study will be a powerful tool for the coaches in order to improve the performance of their players through fitness training in youth. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015. v6n4s1p504
Optical Coherence Tomography to Evaluate Plaque Burden and Morphology in Patients With Takotsubo Syndrome

Background Disrupted atherosclerotic plaques in the left anterior descending coronary artery are discussed controversially as a potential pathophysiological mechanism in Takotsubo syndrome (TTS). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess plaque burden and morphology by using optical coherence tomography in patients with TTS. Methods and Results A total of 23 consecutive TTS patients were included in this single‐center study and underwent optical coherence tomography imaging of the left main coronary artery and the left anterior descending coronary artery at acute presentation. All patients fulfilled the established diagnostic criteria for TTS and the diagnosis was confirmed with a multimodality imaging approach including cardiac magnetic resonance in 16 patients (69.6%). Atherosclerotic plaques located in the left anterior descending coronary artery or both the left anterior descending coronary artery and the left main coronary artery were detected in 16 TTS patients (69.6%), with 6 patients exhibiting multiple plaque types. In addition to the predominant fibrocalcific (52.2%) and lipid‐rich plaques (30.4%), thin‐cap fibroatheromas were also found in 6 patients (26.1%). However, ruptured plaques or intracoronary thrombi were not observed. Vessel stenosis >50% was found in 3 patients (13.0%) by analyzing cross‐sectional areas. Clinical characteristics and cardiac magnetic resonance findings did not differ significantly between TTS patients with and without atherosclerotic plaques. Conclusions Using optical coherence tomography, the present study revealed a high prevalence of atherosclerotic plaques in patients with TTS, including a considerable number of highly vulnerable thin‐cap fibroatheromas. However, ruptured plaques or intracoronary thrombi were not observed and are therefore most likely not the underlying mechanism of TTS.
Turning the other cheek: the viewpoint dependence of facial expression after-effects

How do we visually encode facial expressions? Is this done by viewpoint-dependent mechanisms representing facial expressions as two-dimensional templates or do we build more complex viewpoint independent three-dimensional representations? Recent facial adaptation techniques offer a powerful way to address these questions. Prolonged viewing of a stimulus (adaptation) changes the perception of subsequently viewed stimuli (an after-effect). Adaptation to a particular attribute is believed to target those neural mechanisms encoding that attribute. We gathered images of facial expressions taken simultaneously from five different viewpoints evenly spread from the three-quarter leftward to the three-quarter rightward facing view. We measured the strength of expression after-effects as a function of the difference between adaptation and test viewpoints. Our data show that, although there is a decrease in after-effect over test viewpoint, there remains a substantial after-effect when adapt and test are at differing three-quarter views. We take these results to indicate that neural systems encoding facial expressions contain a mixture of viewpoint-dependent and viewpoint-independent elements. This accords with evidence from single cell recording studies in macaque and is consonant with a view in which viewpoint-independent expression encoding arises from a combination of view-dependent expression-sensitive responses.
A Reliable Wide-Bandwidth VFTO Sensor Based on Surface-Mounted Devices

A capacitor sensor with a high-voltage electrode inside the GIS tank has the best bandwidth among the sensors developed to measure the very fast transient overvoltage (VFTO). However, the low-voltage arm of the current measurement system is usually a handmade film capacitor which has disadvantages of unassigned capacitance value, temperature effect, and short lifespan. With a novel lower voltage arm based on surface-mounted devices, a wide-bandwidth, stable, and easy maintenance measuring system is proposed in this paper. It is found that the slight inherent inductance in the ground trace of the printed-circuit board can induce unexpected oscillations, which are demonstrated with theoretical analysis and experimental study. With the reforming of the printed-circuit board layout, the oscillation is reduced and 200-MHz high-frequency cutoff frequency is achieved. The environment experiment shows that the temperature effect on the developed sensor is much smaller than that on the conventional sensor. The VFTO generated by disconnector operation in 1100-kV GIS is measured by the developed system and a conventional broadband capacitor sensor. The contrastive results prove that the characteristic of the measuring system can meet the requirement of VFTO measurements. Thousands of measurements on ultra-high voltage GIS indicate that the developed measuring system is stable, and characteristics of the VFTO are gained.
Pyrosequencing for Detection of Lamivudine-Resistant Hepatitis B Virus

ABSTRACT Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection can cause severe liver disease, including cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Lamivudine is a relatively recent alternative to alpha interferon for the treatment of HBV infection, but unfortunately, resistance to lamivudine commonly develops during monotherapy. Lamivudine-resistant HBV mutants display specific mutations in the YMDD (tyrosine, methionine, aspartate, aspartate) motif of the viral polymerase (reverse transcriptase [rt]), which is the catalytic site of the enzyme, i.e., methionine 204 to isoleucine (rtM204I) or valine (rtM204V). The latter mutation is often accompanied by a compensatory leucine-to-methionine change at codon 180 (rtL180M). In the present study, a novel sequencing method, pyrosequencing, was applied to the detection of lamivudine resistance mutations and was compared with direct Sanger sequencing. The new pyrosequencing method had advantages in terms of throughput. Experiments with mixtures of wild-type and resistant viruses indicated that pyrosequencing can detect minor sequence variants in heterogeneous virus populations. The new pyrosequencing method was evaluated with a small number of patient samples, and the results showed that the method could be a useful tool for the detection of lamivudine resistance in the clinical setting.
A life span model of successful aging.

To lay the foundation for our model, we first describe existing conceptions of successful aging, underlying assumptions of development, and criteria for success. The model presented extends the discourse on this topic in three directions: (a) It frames the discussion of successful aging in the broader context of life course development; (b) it accounts for both normative and nonnormative (i.e., exceptional) success; and (c) it integrates motivational processes into a theory of successful aging. Successful aging is equated with the development and maintenance of primary control throughout the life course, which is achieved through control-related processes that optimize selection and failure compensation functions. Selection processes regulate the choice of action goals so that diversity is maintained and positive and negative trade-offs between performance domains and life stages are taken into account. Compensation mechanisms serve to maintain, enhance, and remediate competencies and motivational resources after failure experiences. Both compensation and selection processes are motivated by desires for primary control and can be characterized in terms of primary and secondary control processes.
Resting and Initial Beta Amplitudes Predict Learning Ability in Beta/Theta Ratio Neurofeedback Training in Healthy Young Adults

Neurofeedback (NF) training has been proved beneficial in cognitive and behavioral performance improvement in healthy individuals. Unfortunately, the NF learning ability shows large individual difference and in a number of NF studies there are even some non-learners who cannot successfully self-regulate their brain activity by NF. This study aimed to find out the neurophysiological predictor of the learning ability in up-regulating beta-1 (15–18 Hz)/theta (4–7 Hz) ratio (BTR) training in healthy young adults. Eighteen volunteers finished five training sessions in successive 5 days. We found that low beta (12–15 Hz) amplitude in a 1-min eyes-open resting baseline measured before training and the beta-1 amplitude in the first training block with 4.5-min duration could predict the BTR learning ability across sessions. The results provide a low cost, convenient and easy way to predict the learning ability in up-regulating BTR training, and would be helpful in avoiding potential frustration and adjusting training protocol for the participants with poor learning ability.
REAWAKENING THE SLEEPER EFFECT IN CONSUMER RESEARCH: THE ROLE OF IMPLICIT SELF-ANCHORING AND EXPLICIT SELF-REFERENCING ON THE PERSUASIVE IMPACT OF COUNTERVAILING INFORMATION OVER TIME

This research systematically investigates the sleeper effect, a counterintuitive phenomenon in which attitudes toward a persuasive message increase in favourableness over time despite the presence of discounting information. The sleeper effect has rarely been researched since criticisms in the 1970s and 1980s concerning relevance and difficulty in demonstrating the effect. Shifts in the consumer environment, however, merit a re-examination of the effect.The paucity of research leaves major gaps in establishing the conditions for existence of the sleeper effect, understanding the underlying mechanisms of the effect, the context in which the sleeper effect may flourish, and other factors with the potential to influence the effect. Recent research suggests self-associations at encoding impacts information processing and attitude change. The research reported in this thesis builds on the latter to develop hypotheses to test the relationships between self-associations and attitudes toward positive and negative information over time.The study adopts a quantitative approach to test the hypotheses using a series of three experiments, each building on one another. The first experiment seeks to find the absolute sleeper effect, and accomplishes this aim. The second experiment investigates the role of implicit self-anchoring on attitudes toward positive and negative information over time, showing that self-anchoring influences self/product identity overlap rather than the transfer of meaning through elaborative associations. The third experiment compares implicit self-anchoring and explicit self-referencing on attitudes toward positive and negative information, and shows that explicit self-referencing produces the associations and dissociations necessary to find the sleeper effect.This study significantly contributes to understanding the sleeper effect, not only by providing evidence for its existence, but by clarifying the mechanisms at work in the sleeper effect process. It distinguishes implicit self-anchoring and explicit self-referencing, and defines two processes in which the self and object interact in memory to influence attitudes. From a practical perspective, it situates the research in the contemporary consumer context, in which positive and negative information regarding products and services is accessible to consumers online. This study demonstrates that negative information can be leveraged to produce positive attitudes.
The quantitative relationship between twitch tension and intracellular sodium activity in sheep cardiac Purkinje fibres.

Tension was measured in voltage clamped sheep cardiac Purkinje fibres while simultaneously measuring the intracellular Na activity (aiNa) with a recessed‐tip, Na‐selective micro‐electrode. Inhibiting the Na‐K pump either by exposing the preparation to a K‐free solution or by adding the cardioactive steroid strophanthidin increased both aiNa and twitch tension and resulted in the development of tonic tension, after‐contractions and a transient inward current (ITI). The increase of twitch tension was present at lower aiNa than that required to produce the other phenomena. The relationship between the magnitude of the twitch tension and aiNa was always non‐linear. Twitch tension increased steeply with aiNa at first but the relationship flattened off at higher aiNa and tension eventually decreased. Over the steep range, the relationship between tension and aiNa could be represented as: twitch tension = b (aiNa)y where y had a mean value of 3.2. Changing membrane potential or [Ca2+]o changed b but had little effect on y. Mn (2 mmol/l) greatly decreased twitch tension but, at least initially, had little effect on tonic tension. The steep relationship between twitch tension and aiNa was seen, irrespective of whether the Na‐K pump was inhibited either by exposure to K‐free solution or to strophanthidin and whether the relationship was measured either when aiNa was increasing or after it had reached a steady state. The steep dependence of twitch tension on aiNa observed in the present work means that manoeuvres which produce even small changes of aiNa will have significant effects on contraction.