Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neural correlates of flow using auditory evoked potential suppression

"Flow" is a hyper-engaged state of consciousness most commonly described in athletics, popularly termed "being in the zone. " Quantitative research into flow has been hampered by the disruptive nature of gathering subjective reports. Here we show that a passive probe (suppression of Auditory Evoked Potential in EEG) that allowed our participants to remain engaged in a first-person shooting game while we continually tracked the depth of their immersion corresponded with the participants' subjective experiences, and with their objective performance levels. Comparing this time-varying record of flow against the overall EEG record, we identified neural correlates of flow in the anterior cingulate cortex and the temporal pole. These areas displayed increased beta band activity, mutual connectivity, and feedback connectivity with primary motor cortex. These results corroborate the notion that the flow state is an objective and quantifiable state of consciousness, which we identify and characterize across subjective, behavioral and neural measures.
Assessment of backward walking unmasks mobility impairments in post-stroke community ambulators

ABSTRACT Background: While over half of stroke survivors recover the ability to walk without assistance, deficits persist in the performance of walking adaptations necessary for safe home and community mobility. One such adaptation is the ability to walk or step backward. Post-stroke rehabilitation rarely includes backward walking (BW) assessment and BW deficits have not been quantified in post-stroke community ambulators. Objective: To quantify spatiotemporal and kinematic BW characteristics in post-stroke community ambulators and compare their performance to controls. Methods: Individuals post-stroke (n = 15, 60.1 ± 12.9 years, forward speed: 1.13 ± 0.23 m/s) and healthy adults (n = 12, 61.2 ± 16.2 years, forward speed: 1.40 ± 0.13 m/s) performed forward walking (FW) and BW during a single session. Step characteristics and peak lower extremity joint angles were extracted using 3D motion analysis and analyzed with mixed-method ANOVAs (group, walking condition). Results: The stroke group demonstrated greater reductions in speed, step length and cadence and a greater increase in double-support time during BW compared to FW (p < .01). Compared to FW, the post-stroke group demonstrated greater reductions in hip extension and knee flexion during BW (p < .05). The control group demonstrated decreased plantarflexion and increased dorsiflexion during BW, but these increases were attenuated in the post-stroke group (p < .05). Conclusions: Assessment of BW can unmask post-stroke walking impairments not detected during typical FW. BW impairments may contribute to the mobility difficulties reported by adults post-stroke. Therefore, BW should be assessed when determining readiness for home and community ambulation.
Community-Acquired Acute Kidney Injury as a Risk Factor of de novo Heart Failure Hospitalization

Objectives: Because patients with hospital-acquired acute kidney injury (AKI) are at risk for subsequent development of heart failure (HF) and little is known about the relation between community-acquired AKI (CA-AKI) and HF, we sought to determine if CA-AKI is a risk factor for incident HF hospitalization. Methods: We utilized Baylor Scott & White Health databases at the primary care and inpatient hospitalization levels to identify adults without a prior history of HF who had 2 or more serum creatinine measurements within 13 months in the primary care setting. We defined CA-AKI as a serum creatinine increase ≥0.3 mg/dL or ≥1.5 times the baseline for consecutive values within a 13-month period. We created a flag for de novo HF hospitalization at 90, 180, and 365 days following CA-AKI evaluation. Results: In the analyses, 210,895 unique adults were included, of whom 5,358 (2.5%) had CA-AKI. Those with CA-AKI had higher rates of comorbidities, higher rate of males (48 vs. 42%, p < 0.001), and were older (61.5 [50.3, 73.1] vs. 54.1 [42.8, 64.7] years, p < 0.001) than those who did not have CA-AKI. In total, 607 (0.3%), 833 (0.4%), and 1,089 (0.5%) individuals had an incident HF hospitalization in the 90, 180, and 365 days following the CA-AKI evaluation, respectively. After adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics, patients with CA-AKI had >2 times the risk of de novo HF hospitalization compared with patients who did not have CA-AKI (90 days: 2.35 [1.83–3.02], p < 0.001; 180 days: 2.52 [2.04–3.13], p < 0.001; 365 days: 2.16 [1.77–2.64], p < 0.001). These multivariable models yielded strong predictive abilities, with the areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curve >0.90. Conclusion: After controlling for baseline and clinical characteristics, patients with CA-AKI were at approximately twofold the risk of de novo HF hospitalization (within 90, 180, and 365 days) compared with those who did not have CA-AKI. Hence, detecting CA-AKI may provide an opportunity for early intervention at the primary care level to possibly delay HF development.
A peptide analog of the calmodulin‐binding domain of myosin light chain kinase adopts an aL‐helical structure in aqueous trifluoroethanol

A 22‐residue synthetic peptide encompassing the calmodulin (CaM)‐binding domain of skeletal muscle myosin light chain kinase was studied by two‐dimensional NMR and CD spectroscopy. In water the peptide does not form any regular structure; however, addition of the helix‐inducing solvent trifluoroethanol (TFE) causes it to form an α‐helical structure. The proton NMR spectra of this peptide in 25% and 40% TFE were assigned by double quantum‐filtered J‐correlated spectroscopy, total correlation spectroscopy, and nuclear Overhauser effect correlated spectroscopy spectra. In addition, the α‐carbon chemical shifts were obtained from (1H,13C)‐heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence spectra. The presence of numerous dNN(i, i + 1), dαN( i, i + 3), and d αβ (i, i + 3) NOE crosspeaks indicates that an α ‐helix can be formed from residues 3 to 20; this is further supported by the CD data. Upfield α ‐proton and downfield α ‐carbon shifts in this region of the peptide provide further support for the formation of an α ‐helix. The helix induced by TFE appears to be similar to that formed upon binding of the peptide to CaM.
Insights into the European portfolio for student teachers of languages (EPOSTL)

2007 saw the publication of the European Portfolio for Student Teachers of Languages (EPOSTL) by the Council of Europe, the result of a project carried out under the auspices of the European Centre for Modern Languages. The central aim of this project was to produce a document which would contribute to the harmonisation of teacher education in Europe. The EPOSTL is a portfolio intended for students undergoing their initial teacher education which encourages them to reflect on the didactic knowledge and skills necessary to teach languages, helps them to self-assess their own didactic competences and enables them to monitor their progress and to record their experiences of teaching during the course of their teacher education. At its heart are 195 "I can" descriptors of didactic competences, which teachers strive to attain. The EPOSTL has since been translated into 13 languages and is used widely across Europe and beyond. The main aim of Insights into the European Portfolio for Student Teachers of Languages (EPOSTL) is to explore important theoretical issues, an understanding of which is necessary to support the use of the EPOSTL in teacher education programmes. The first part of the book provides discussions of relevant theoretical areas: the role of reflection, learner autonomy and intercultural awareness. In the second part, the focus is on the relationship between the EPOSTL and other European publications, such as the Common European Framework of Reference and the European Profile for Language Teacher Education. Suggestions are made as to how they can be used together in teacher education. The final section provides case studies on the use of the EPOSTL in three European countries. Whether users of the EPOSTL or not, both teacher educators and their students will find that the discussions of this book provide important insights into key aspects of teacher education.
(Unpacking) father involvement in the context of childhood neurodisability research: a scoping review

Abstract Background: In the past thirty years, theoretical and empirical scholarship on father involvement has emerged and firmly established itself. Efforts to define, measure, and explore outcomes related to father involvement in the context of childhood neurodisability are evident but less well established. The purpose of this study was to systematically map empirical studies on father involvement in the context of childhood neurodisability in order to delineate the current state of research and to highlight profitable directions for future research. Methods: A rigorous scoping review method was used to select and analyze empirical studies published between the years 1988 and 2016 in order to systematically map research findings about fathers’ affective, behavioral, and cognitive involvement. Results: Fifty-four (n = 54) studies (quantitative n = 47 and qualitative n = 7) met inclusion criteria associated with three levels of review. Four main trends emerged: (a) paternal “stress” is a main concept of interest; (b) comparison of mothers and fathers on affective and cognitive involvement; (c) lack of a focus on fathers’ behavioral involvement, and (d) the absence of research designs that allow for examination of fathers’ unique perspectives. Conclusions: Fathers are generally underrepresented in research in the context of childhood neurodisability. While there is a lack of depth in this area of research, granular analyses revealed important and unique differences about fathers’ parenting experiences. Recommendations for research and practice are provided. Implications for rehabilitation Fathers are underrepresented in the parenting in childhood neurodisability literature. Fathers who report feeling competent in parenting and connected to their child also report less parenting distress and more satisfaction in their couple relationship and family environment. Rehabilitation and allied health professionals should include fathers in parenting/family assessments. Manifestation of distress may differ among family members. Rehabilitation and allied health professionals should offer individualized care that is attuned to the needs of all family members.
The stimulation of the initiation of DNA synthesis by fibroblast growth factor in swiss 3T3 cells: Interactions with hormones during the pre‐replicative phase

Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) stimulates quiescent Swiss 3T3 cells to initiate DNA synthesis and divide. Cells begin to enter the S‐phase after a lag of 13–15 hr, and the rate of initiation of DNA synthesis in the population can be quantified by a first order rate constant, k. A subsaturating concentration of FGF may establish the lag phase, while the value of k is dependent on the FGF concentration present during the second half of the lag phase. Insulin and hydrocortisone enhance the effect of FGF by increasing k without changing the lag phase, and they can act when added at any time after FGF. Prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) causes a decrease in k and a lengthening of the lag phase, and acts only when added during the first 8 hr. None of these agents stimulate DNA synthesis in the absence of FGF.
Prognostic factors for spontaneous regression of high-risk human papillomavirus-positive cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia grade 2

Introduction Since the implementation of human papillomavirus (HPV)-based screening for cervical cancer, the majority of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN2) lesions are high-risk (hr)HPV positive. Evidence on prognostic factors in hrHPV-positive CIN2 is lacking, hampering the individual counseling of women undergoing observation as routine management. The aim of this study is to identify prognostic factors for the spontaneous regression of hrHPV-positive CIN2. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted at the Maastricht University Medical Center, the Netherlands. Women with hrHPV-positive CIN2 who underwent observation between January 1, 2000 and April 30, 2013 were included. Regression was defined as Pap 1/2 cytology (normal or atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS) cytology) or ≤CIN1 histology at the 24 month follow-up and no diagnosis of ≥CIN2 before the 24 month follow-up visit. Potential prognostic factors (HPV-16/18, p16 staining, KI67 staining, age, smoking status, last Pap smear result, multiple CIN2 lesions, oral contraception use, and parity) were assessed using logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 56 women were included in the study, of which 34 (61%) showed spontaneous regression of their lesion. Of all studied potential prognostic factors, only not smoking and nulliparity were significantly associated with disease regression (OR 3.84, 95% CI 1.04 to 14.21, and OR 5.00, 95% CI 1.32 to 19.00, respectively, in the univariate analysis). Both effects remained significant after correction for age and HPV-16/18 in a multivariable regression analysis. In women who smoked, disease regression occurred in 10 of 22 women (46%), compared with 16 of 21 women (76%) who did not smoke. In parous women, regression occurred in 12 of 27 women (44%), compared with 16 of 20 nulliparous women (80%). Discussion Smoking status and parity may influence the likelihood of disease regression in hrHPV-positive CIN2. These factors could be considered in individual patient counseling regarding the choice between immediate treatment or conservative management.
Acute exercise-induced changes in hemostatic and fibrinolytic properties: analogies, similarities, and differences between normotensive subjects and patients with essential hypertension

Abstract Following acute exercise, normotensive and hypertensive subjects both undergo changes in hemostatic and fibrinolytic properties, but the hypertensive patient’s response to exercise is exaggerated and prolonged, exposing them to increased cardiovascular risk during or immediately after unusual and strenuous exercise. Thrombotic complications are triggered by the activation of the autonomic sympathetic nervous system in a pathological milieu characterized by platelet α2-adrenergic receptors with increased responsiveness to circulating catecholamine, altered platelet profile and function, abnormal hemostatic parameters, impaired fibrinolytic potential, and endothelial dysfunction. The recovery period is particularly dangerous for triggering adverse cardiovascular events because the balance between the thrombotic and fibrinolytic systems is temporarily shifted toward increased pro-coagulative activity. This review highlights the analogies, similarities, and differences between normotensive and hypertensive subjects regarding the acute exercise-induced changes to the hemostatic and fibrinolytic properties, showing what differentiates essential hypertension from physiological status. Abbreviations : HT, hypertensive; METs, metabolic equivalents; min, minutes; MPA, monocyte-platelet aggregates; NT, normotensive; PAI-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1; tPA, tissue plasminogen activator; VO2 max, maximal oxygen consumption.
Influencing factors of consumer purchase intention based on social commerce paradigm

Social commerce grows as the growth of sophisticated e-commerce and social media. Based on empirical research about consumer purchase intention, various influencing factors of purchase intention was identified. In this study, we conducted a research about influencing factors of consumer purchase intention: (1) familiarity, (2) information seeking, (3) trust, (4) social presence, (5) perceived social value and (6) perceived utilitarian value. We also observed the role of trust as mediator between social presence and purchase intention. 189 questionnaires were constructed to social commerce users who experienced in among Instagram, Kaskus, Eventbrite, Groupon and so on. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) is used in our research model and tested by Partial Least Squared (PLS). The results are: (1) social presence and trust influence consumer purchase intention, (2) trust can be an intermediary between social presence and purchase intention.
Does soft tissue balancing using intraoperative pressure sensors improve clinical outcomes in total knee arthroplasty? A protocol of a multicentre randomised controlled trial

Introduction Soft tissue imbalance is considered to be a major surgical cause of dissatisfaction following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Surgeon-determined manual assessment of ligament tension has been shown to be a poor determinant of the true knee balance state. The recent introduction of intraoperative sensors, however, allows surgeons to precisely quantify knee compartment pressures and tibiofemoral kinematics, thereby optimising coronal and sagittal plane soft tissue balance. The primary hypothesis of this study is that achieving knee balance with use of sensors in TKA will improve patient-reported outcomes when compared with manual balancing. Methods and analysis A multicentred, randomised controlled trial will compare patient-reported outcomes in 222 patients undergoing TKA using sensor-guided balancing versus manual balancing. The sensor will be used in both arms for purposes of data collection; however, surgeons will be blinded to the pressure data in patients randomised to manual balancing. The primary outcome will be the change from baseline to 1 year postoperatively in the mean of the four subscales of the Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS4) that are most specific to TKA recovery: pain, symptoms, function and knee-related quality of life. Secondary outcomes will include the surgeon’s capacity to determine knee balance, radiographic and functional measures and additional patient-reported outcomes. Normality of data will be assessed, and a Student’s t-test and equivalent non-parametric tests will be used to compare differences in means among the two groups. Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval was obtained from South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Approval (HREC/18/POWH/320). Results of the trial will be presented at orthopaedic surgical meetings and submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Trial registration number ACTRN#12618000817246
Modeling of Acute Spinal Cord Injury in the Rat: Neuroprotection and Enhanced Recovery with Methylprednisolone, U-74006F and YM-14673

We used a new injury device that produces consistent spinal cord contusion injuries (T8) in rats to compare the behavioral and histologic effects of methylprednisolone sodium succinate (MPSS) administration, the clinical standard of therapy after acute spinal cord injury (ASCI), with the 21-aminosteroid, U-74006F (U74), and the TRH analogue, YM-14673 (YM), at different trauma doses. Three sequential experiments were conducted: Experiment 1. U74 (3.0/1.5/1.5 mg/kg; 10/5/5 mg/kg; 30/15/15 mg/kg), MPSS (30/15/15 mg/kg), or vehicle were administered intravenously (i.v.) at 5 min, 2 and 6 h after the injury (n = 8/group). U74 (10/5/5 mg/kg) and MPSS animals scored better than controls (Days 8-43) in open field walking (OFW); no other differences were seen between groups. Experiment 2. Dose-response evaluation of MPSS determined more effective doses. Groups (n = 16) receiving 30/30/30/30 mg/kg and 60/60/60/60 mg/kg i.v. at 5 min and 2, 4, and 6 h after the injury had better OFW scores than controls (Days 8-29; Day 29). Both groups performed better than controls (Days 8-29) on inclined plane (IP); 30 mg/kg animals scored higher on Day 29. Percentage tissue spared (%TS) at the lesion center was greater for 60 mg/kg animals (23.4%) than controls (17.3%). Experiment 3. Compounds were administered as in experiment 2 (n = 15/group); MPSS (60/30/30/30 mg/kg) and YM (1/1/1/1 mg/kg and 1 mg/kg/day ip) were most effective. YM and MPSS combination produced no additive effects. YM animals scored better than MPSS and control animals in OFW (Days 8-29) and better than controls on IP (Days 8-29; Day 29) and grid walking (Day 29). MPSS animals scored better than controls on IP (Days 8-29). YM and MPSS groups had greater %TS than controls. This series of experiments demonstrates the utility of this injury model and simple behavioral measures for preclinical assessment of pharmacologic agents. Under these experimental conditions, U74 demonstrated equivalent efficacy to MPSS, and YM demonstrated greater efficacy than MPSS in the treatment of ASCI.
The expression of placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) and PLAP‐like enzymes in normal and neoplastic human tissues

The immunohistological expression of placental alkaline phosphatase (PLAP) and PLAP‐like enzyme was studied in frozen sections from a wide variety (n = 254) of normal and malignant tissues using monoclonal antibodies reactive with PLAP (H317) and PLAP/PLAP‐like enzyme (H17E2; H315). PLAP/PLAP‐like reactivity was seen in normal thymus, and foetal and neonatal testis, and in 21 out of 22 malignant germ cell tumours (GCTs), but was also found in normal endocervix, normal Fallopian tube and in 28 out of 167 non‐GCTs (particularly in ovarian and proximal gastrointestinal tract tumours). Positivity for true PLAP (as demonstrated with H317) was seen in term placenta, in endocervix, and in Fallopian tube (but not in other normal tissues) and was commonly found in ovarian and proximal gastrointestinal tract tumours. Reactivity with H317 was unusual in malignant GCTs (2 out of 22 cases). These findings confirm that PLAP/PLAP‐like positivity is a highly sensitive immunohistological marker for malignant GCTs, but one which by itself is of only moderate specificity. Furthermore, expression of true PLAP is rare in GCTs and favours instead an origin from the ovary or proximal gastrointestinal tract. The results also indicate that the predominant heat‐stable alkaline phosphatase species in normal foetal and neonatal testis, and in thymus has a similar immunohistological profile to that found in malignant GCTs, and is a PLAP‐like enzyme (“germ cell alkaline phosphatase”) distinct from true PLAP. The occurrence of this marker in GCTs would appear to reflect increased eutopic production of an enzyme present in trace amount in corresponding normal tissues rather than a genuine example of ectopic expression.
Ortaokul 8.Sınıf Öğrencilerinin Vatandaşlık ve Demokrasi Dersine Yönelik Tutumlarının Farklı Değişkenler Açısından İncelenmesi

Bu calisma, Yansitici Sorgulamaya Dayali Genel Biyoloji Laboratuvari etkinliklerinin fen bilgisi ogretmen adaylarinin biyoloji laboratuvari endiseleri ve elestirel dusunme egilimleri uzerine etkisini arastirmaktadir. Calisma 2010-2011 Egitim Ogretim Yili Bahar Yariyili’nda, Istanbul’da bir devlet universitesinin Egitim Fakultesi Fen Bilgisi Ogretmenligi Lisans Programi ikinci sinif ogrencileri ile yurutulmustur. Calisma grubunu 36’si kontrol grubu, 30’u ise deney grubu toplam 66 ogretmen adayi olusturmustur. Calisma, Genel Biyoloji II Laboratuvari Dersi’nde arastirmaci tarafindan “Fotosentez”, Solunum” ve “Cimlenme” konularinda haftada 2 saat olacak sekilde deney grubuna yansitici sorgulama yaklasimi, kontrol grubuna ise geleneksel yaklasim ile yurutulmustur. Calisma sonucunda yansitici sorgulama yaklasimi ile ogretmen adaylarinin elestirel dusunme egilimlerinde anlamli artis gozlenmis, geleneksel ve yansitici sorgulama yaklasimlari, ogretmen adaylarinin biyoloji laboratuvar endiseleri uzerinde bir degisiklik meydana getirmemistir.