Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting exercise in persons with psychiatric disabilities: a cross-sectional study of social cognitive theory correlates

PREDICTING EXERCISE IN PERSONS WITH PSYCHIATRIC DISABILITIES: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY OF SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY CORRELATES Michelle Robinson Zechner, M.S.W. Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey 2015 Chair: Professor Kenneth Gill People with psychiatric disabilities such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and major depression are at risk for premature mortality and morbidity related to chronic health conditions. Physical activity improves health and quality of life, and shows promise for supporting mental health recovery. Physical activity is a complex behavior with many correlates. To date, no unifying theoretical model has fully explored the motivational constructs of physical activity in persons with psychiatric disabilities. Social Cognitive Theory (SCT) includes multiple correlates and predicts physical activity in many populations, including those with chronic health conditions. A proposed SCT model was tested to predict self-report exercise in persons with psychiatric disabilities. Recruitment of 120 persons from community mental health centers and supported housing programs in New Jersey completed nine self-report measures related to SCT variables, health, psychiatric distress and demographics in a cross-sectional design. Hierarchical multiple regression was used to test the hypothesis that the model would predict physical activity. Correlation and linear regression was used to test the secondary hypotheses regarding the relationships within the model. The proposed social cognitive model variables of social support, self-efficacy, outcome expectations, barriers and goal-setting practices in conjunction with the correlates of gender, age, number of health conditions and distress from psychiatric symptoms predicted 25% of the variance in self-report exercise. The model was significant overall, however SCT correlates did not show a significant prediction of exercise after controlling for gender, age, number of health conditions and distress from psychiatric symptoms. As predicted, amount of physical activity is related to the SCT correlates, except number of barriers. Depressive symptoms and female gender were both significant predictors of reduced physical activity, and less motivation for exercise. Self-efficacy for exercise was confirmed to have strong relationships with outcome expectations and goal-setting practices, with moderate relationships to barriers and social support. Exercise interventions based upon SCT should address gender and psychiatric symptom differences for best outcomes. Focused interventions providing goal-setting and goal-tracking skills may improve self-efficacy, and in turn increase the amount of weekly exercise. Additionally, mental health providers must consider type of social support necessary to encourage increased physical activity. PREDICTING EXERCISE 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 4 LIST OF TABLES . 5 LIST OF FIGURES . 6
Cyclosporin A markedly enhances superantigen-induced peripheral T cell deletion and inhibits anergy induction

Cyclosporin A (CsA) is a well-known immunosuppressive agent that modulates immune tolerance in many ways. CsA can give rise to a state of long-term nonimmunosuppressed transplantation tolerance, but it can also aggravate autoimmune diseases, and provoke specific forms of autoimmunity. These effects, which are often paradoxical, remain largely unexplained. In this study, we investigated the effects of CsA on superantigen (superAg)-reactive peripheral T cells. The intravenous injection of either staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB), or Mls-1a cells into Mls-1b recipients, causes long-term in vitro nonresponsiveness (anergy) and partial elimination of the peripheral T cell receptor (TCR) V beta 8+/CD4+ and -V beta 6+/CD4+ T cell subsets, respectively. We report that CsA markedly enhances the peripheral elimination of SEB- and Mls-1a-reactive T cells such that up to 90% of the targeted CD4+/V beta subpopulations are deleted. The degree of deletion depends on the dose and the schedule of CsA administration, and the number of superAg injections. In situations where the extent of deletion is only moderate, we find that the remaining superAg-reactive T cells fail to develop anergy, unlike the T cells of control superAg-immunized mice. Higher doses of CsA are required to enhance T cell deletion (greater than or equal to 25 mg/kg/d, i.p.) than to impair anergy induction (greater than or equal to 6.25 mg/kg/d, i.p.). In view of these results, it appears that the degree of tolerance in CsA/superAg-treated mice depends on the balance between these opposing effects, i.e., enhancement of peripheral elimination versus the abrogation of anergy. The possibility of enhancing or preventing immune tolerance with a drug may have important clinical implications.
The IRAS 1 Jy Sample of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies. II. Optical Spectroscopy

This is the second paper in a series discussing the properties of ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIGs: LIR > 1012 L☉; H0 = 75 km s-1 Mpc-1 and q0 = 0.0) from the 1 Jy sample of Kim. This paper presents the first results of a spectroscopic survey at optical wavelengths of a randomly selected subset of 45 ULIGs from Kim & Sanders. These new data are combined with previous data from Veilleux et al. to determine the spectral properties of luminous infrared galaxies (LIGs) with LIR ≈ 1010.5-1013 L☉. We find that the fraction of Seyfert galaxies among LIGs increases dramatically above LIR ≈ 1012.3 L☉—nearly one-half of the galaxies with LIR > 1012.3 L☉ present Seyfert characteristics. Many of the optical properties of these Seyfert galaxies are consistent with the presence of genuine active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the cores of these objects. The continuum colors and strengths of the stellar Hβ and Mg I b features in and out of the nuclei of ULIGs indicate that star formation has recently (~107 yr) taken place in the nuclear and circumnuclear regions of many of these objects. As expected, photoionization by hot stars appears to be the dominant source of ionization in the objects with H II region-like spectra. Evidence is presented that the ionization source in infrared-selected galaxies with nuclear LINER-like spectra (38% of the ULIGs in our sample) is likely to be shocks or of stellar origins rather than AGNs. Shock ionization associated with starburst-driven outflows may also explain the LINER-like emission detected outside the nuclei of some galaxies. No significant differences are found between the mean color excess of ULIGs and that of IRAS galaxies of lower infrared luminosity. However, in contrast to what was found in low-luminosity infrared galaxies, the color excess in the nuclei of ULIGs does not seem to depend on spectral types. The reddening in ULIGs is generally observed to decrease with distance from the nucleus as in their low-luminosity counterparts. In less than 1/5 of the ULIGs in our sample, we observe clear cases of inverted reddening profiles, nearly all of which are optically classified low-ionization nuclear emitting regions (LINERs). These profiles may reflect the actual dust distribution in these objects or may be due to complex optical depth effects.
The “Noonday Demon”, Weariness, Inattention, or All of the Above? Refining the Definition and Measurement of State Boredom

THE “NOONDAY DEMON”, WEARINESS, INATTENTION, OR ALL OF THE ABOVE? REFINING THE DEFINITION AND MEASUREMENT OF STATE BOREDOM Patricia Baratta Advisor: University of Guelph, 2014 Professor Jeffrey Spence The present research involves the development and validation of a state boredom measure. Across four studies, I develop and refine scale items based on a theoretically derived definition of state boredom and test the scale’s psychometric properties across four samples. Studies 1 and 2 provide support for the substantive validity of the scale items, identifying items that are conceptually consistent with the theoretically derived definition of boredom. Study 3 tests the factor structure of the scale, providing support for the expected factor structure of boredom. Finally, Study 4 provides evidence for the convergent and discriminant validity of the scale with theoretically related and unrelated constructs. Overall, the present research suggests that the state boredom measure has a factor structure consistent with theory, generates reliable data, and is a valid measure of feeling bored.
The Implied meanings of the flouting maxims in "Harry Potter and the Globet of Fire" movie

One of the interesting things of watching a movie is understanding the implied meaning of the conversation based on our own imagination. However, it can mislead the implied meaning of the movie itself. Therefore, the writer is interested in finding out the right way to get the implied meaning of conversation in a movie, especially the conversation that flouted the maxims. In this research, the writer used the theory of conversational implicature and flouting of maxims by Grice (1975). In addition, the context of situation by Hymes (1964) is used to get the implied meaning more easily. Furthermore, the data is the conversations among the main characters, that is, Harry Potter, Ronald Weasley and Hermione Granger in ? Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire? movie which provide many examples of responding utterances that flouted the maxims. In analyzing the data, first, the writer found the conversation that flouted the maxims based on the context and the scene. Second, the writer classified the types of the maxims. Then, the writer analyzed the implied meaning based on the context of situation. The result of the analysis shows that the context of situation gave contribution in analyzing the implied meaning.
Metabolite Profiling of Bendamustine in Urine of Cancer Patients after Administration of [14C]Bendamustine

Bendamustine is an alkylating agent consisting of a mechlorethamine derivative, a benzimidazole group, and a butyric acid substituent. A human mass balance study showed that bendamustine is extensively metabolized and subsequently excreted in urine. However, limited information is available on the metabolite profile of bendamustine in human urine. The objective of this study was to elucidate the metabolic pathways of bendamustine in humans by identification of its metabolites excreted in urine. Human urine samples were collected up to 168 h after an intravenous infusion of 120 mg/m2 (80–95 μCi) [14C]bendamustine. Metabolites of [14C]bendamustine were identified using liquid chromatography (high-resolution)-tandem mass spectrometry with off-line radioactivity detection. Bendamustine and a total of 25 bendamustine-related compounds were detected. Observed metabolic conversions at the benzimidazole and butyric acid moiety were N-demethylation and γ-hydroxylation. In addition, various other combinations of these conversions with modifications at the mechlorethamine moiety were observed, including hydrolysis (the primary metabolic pathway), cysteine conjugation, and subsequent biotransformation to mercapturic acid and thiol derivatives, N-dealkylation, oxidation, and conjugation with phosphate, creatinine, and uric acid. Bendamustine-derived products containing phosphate, creatinine, and uric acid conjugates were also detected in control urine incubated with bendamustine. Metabolites that were excreted up to 168 h after the infusion included products of dihydrolysis and cysteine conjugation of bendamustine and γ-hydroxybendamustine. The range of metabolic reactions is generally consistent with those reported for rat urine and bile, suggesting that the overall processes involved in metabolic elimination are qualitatively the same in rats and humans.
A collaborative Bluetooth-based approach to localization of mobile devices

In this paper we present a collaborative Bluetooth localization method, which aggregates the location information about Bluetooth devices that is provided by multiple mobile devices. The method aims to take advantage of an enhanced version of the KNN algorithm in which the location of a mobile device can be determined based on a Bluetooth distance measure. The experimental results showed that there are a sufficient number of Bluetooth devices that are discoverable, which can be used collaboratively to assist with localization requests from mobile devices. In addition, it is shown that the Bluetooth localization method was able to successfully localize the mobile device using the Bluetooth radio. Furthermore, the response time of Bluetooth localization is shown to be less than GPS, and greater than Wi-Fi and Cellular localization methods.
Readily Accessible Bicyclononynes for Bioorthogonal Labeling and Three-Dimensional Imaging of Living Cells

symmetricaland display excellent reaction kinetics in strain-promotedcycloaddition reactions. Functionalized derivatives of BCNwere applied in the labeling of proteins and glycans, as well asin the three-dimensional visualization of living melanomacells.Based on the known reactivity enhancement of cyclo-propane fusion,
Recognition and Prevention of Tumor Metastasis by the NK Receptor NKp46/NCR1

NK cells employ a variety of activating receptors to kill virally infected and tumor cells. Prominent among these receptors are the natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs) (NKp30, NKp44, and NKp46), of which only NKp46 has a mouse ortholog (NCR1). The tumor ligand(s) of NKp46/NCR1 is still unknown, but it was shown that the human NKp46 and the mouse NCR1 are involved in tumor eradication both in vitro and in vivo. Whether any of the NK activating receptors is involved in the prevention of tumor metastasis is unknown. To address this question, we studied the activity of the NK cell receptor NKp46/NCR1 in two spontaneous metastasis models, the B16F10.9 melanoma (B16) and the Lewis lung carcinoma (D122) in the NCR1 knockout mouse that was generated by our group, in various in vitro and in vivo assays. We demonstrated that all B16 and D122 tumors, including those generated in vivo, express an unknown ligand(s) for NKp46/NCR1. We have characterized the properties of the NKp46/NCR1 ligand(s) and demonstrated that NKp46/NCR1 is directly involved in the killing of B16 and D122 cells. Importantly, we showed in vivo that NKp46/NCR1 plays an important role in controlling B16 and D122 metastasis. Thus, to our knowledge, in this study we provide the first evidence for the direct involvement of a specific NK killer receptor in preventing tumor metastasis.
Prevalence, Clinical Staging and Risk for Blood-Borne Transmission of Chagas Disease among Latin American Migrants in Geneva, Switzerland

Background Migration of Latin Americans to the USA, Canada and Europe has modified Chagas disease distribution, but data on imported cases and on risks of local transmission remain scarce. We assessed the prevalence and risk factors for Chagas disease, staged the disease and evaluated attitudes towards blood transfusion and organ transplant among Latin American migrants in Geneva, Switzerland. Methodology/Principal Findings This cross-sectional study included all consecutive Latin American migrants seeking medical care at a primary care facility or attending two Latino churches. After completing a questionnaire, they were screened for Chagas disease with two serological tests (Biomérieux ELISA cruzi; Biokit Bioelisa Chagas). Infected subjects underwent a complete medical work-up. Predictive factors for infection were assessed by univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis.1012 persons (females: 83%; mean age: 37.2 [SD 11.3] years, Bolivians: 48% [n = 485]) were recruited. 96% had no residency permit. Chagas disease was diagnosed with two positive serological tests in 130 patients (12.8%; 95%CI 10.8%–14.9%), including 127 Bolivians (26.2%; 95%CI 22.3%–30.1%). All patients were in the chronic phase, including 11.3% with cardiac and 0.8% with digestive complications. Predictive factors for infection were Bolivian origin (OR 33.2; 95%CI 7.5–147.5), reported maternal infection with T. cruzi (OR 6.9; 95%CI 1.9–24.3), and age older than 35 years (OR 6.7; 95%CI 2.4–18.8). While 22 (16.9%) infected subjects had already donated blood, 24 (18.5%) and 34 (26.2%) considered donating blood and organs outside Latin America, respectively. Conclusions Chagas disease is highly prevalent among Bolivian migrants in Switzerland. Chronic cardiac and digestive complications were substantial. Screening of individuals at risk should be implemented in nonendemic countries and must include undocumented migrants.
Microbiological quality and safe handling of enteral diets in a hospital in Minas Gerais, Brazil

Contamination of enteral diets represents a high risk of compromising the patient's medical condition. To assess the microbiological quality and aseptic conditions in the preparation and administration of handmade and industrialized enteral diets offered in a hospital in the Valley of Jequitinhonha, MG, Brazil, we performed a microbiological analysis of 50 samples of diets and 27 samples of surfaces, utensils, and water used in the preparation of the diets. In addition, we assessed the good handling practices of enteral diets according to the requirements specified by the Brazilian legislation. Both kinds of enteral diets showed contamination by coliforms and Pseudomonas spp. No sample was positive for Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella spp. On the other hand, Listeria spp. was detected in only one sample of handmade diets. Contamination was significantly higher in the handmade preparations (p < 0.05). Nonconformities were detected with respect to good handling practices, which may compromise the diet safety. The results indicate that the sanitary quality of the enteral diets is unsatisfactory, especially handmade diets. Contamination by Pseudomonas spp. is significant because it is often involved in infection episodes. With regard to aseptic practices, it was observed the need of implementing new procedures for handling enteral diets.
The AP-1 Transcription Factor c-Jun Prevents Stress-Imposed Maladaptive Remodeling of the Heart

Systemic hypertension increases cardiac workload and subsequently induces signaling networks in heart that underlie myocyte growth (hypertrophic response) through expansion of sarcomeres with the aim to increase contractility. However, conditions of increased workload can induce both adaptive and maladaptive growth of heart muscle. Previous studies implicate two members of the AP-1 transcription factor family, junD and fra-1, in regulation of heart growth during hypertrophic response. In this study, we investigate the function of the AP-1 transcription factors, c-jun and c-fos, in heart growth. Using pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice and targeted deletion of Jun or Fos in cardiomyocytes, we show that c-jun is required for adaptive cardiac hypertrophy, while c-fos is dispensable in this context. c-jun promotes expression of sarcomere proteins and suppresses expression of extracellular matrix proteins. Capacity of cardiac muscle to contract depends on organization of principal thick and thin filaments, myosin and actin, within the sarcomere. In line with decreased expression of sarcomere-associated proteins, Jun-deficient cardiomyocytes present disarrangement of filaments in sarcomeres and actin cytoskeleton disorganization. Moreover, Jun-deficient hearts subjected to pressure overload display pronounced fibrosis and increased myocyte apoptosis finally resulting in dilated cardiomyopathy. In conclusion, c-jun but not c-fos is required to induce a transcriptional program aimed at adapting heart growth upon increased workload.
Visual Hallucinations in First-Episode Psychosis: Association with Childhood Trauma

Background Hallucinations are a core diagnostic criterion for psychotic disorders and have been investigated with regard to its association with childhood trauma in first-episode psychosis samples. Research has largely focused on auditory hallucinations, while specific investigations of visual hallucinations in first-episode psychosis remain scarce. Objectives The aims of this study were to describe the prevalence of visual hallucinations, and to explore the association between visual hallucination and childhood trauma in a first-episode psychosis sample. Methods Subjects were included from TIPS-2, a first episode psychosis study in south Rogaland, Norway. Based on the medical journal descriptions of the Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale (PANSS), a separate score for visual and auditory hallucinations was created (N = 204). Patients were grouped according to hallucination severity (none, mild, and psychotic hallucinations) and multinomial logistic regression was performed to identify factors associated with visual hallucination group. Results Visual hallucinations of a psychotic nature were reported by 26.5% of patients. The experience of childhood interpersonal trauma increased the likelihood of having psychotic visual hallucinations. Conclusion Visual hallucinations are common in first-episode psychosis, and are related to childhood interpersonal trauma.
An Extended Polyanion Activation Surface in Insulin Degrading Enzyme

Insulin degrading enzyme (IDE) is believed to be the major enzyme that metabolizes insulin and has been implicated in the degradation of a number of other bioactive peptides, including amyloid beta peptide (Aβ), glucagon, amylin, and atrial natriuretic peptide. IDE is activated toward some substrates by both peptides and polyanions/anions, possibly representing an important control mechanism and a potential therapeutic target. A binding site for the polyanion ATP has previously been defined crystallographically, but mutagenesis studies suggest that other polyanion binding modes likely exist on the same extended surface that forms one wall of the substrate-binding chamber. Here we use a computational approach to define three potential ATP binding sites and mutagenesis and kinetic studies to confirm the relevance of these sites. Mutations were made at four positively charged residues (Arg 429, Arg 431, Arg 847, Lys 898) within the polyanion-binding region, converting them to polar or hydrophobic residues. We find that mutations in all three ATP binding sites strongly decrease the degree of activation by ATP and can lower basal activity and cooperativity. Computational analysis suggests conformational changes that result from polyanion binding as well as from mutating residues involved in polyanion binding. These findings indicate the presence of multiple polyanion binding modes and suggest the anion-binding surface plays an important conformational role in controlling IDE activity.