Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hot Self-Similar Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamic Flows

We consider axisymmetric relativistic jets with a toroidal magnetic field and an ultrarelativistic equation of state, to study the lateral structure of jets whose pressure is matched to the pressure of the surrounding medium. We find all self-similar steady state solutions of the relativistic MHD equations for this setup. One of the solutions is a parabolic jet being accelerated by the pressure gradient as it propagates through a medium with pressure declining as p(z) ∝ z−2. As the jet material expands due to internal pressure gradients, it runs into the ambient medium resulting in a pileup of material along the jet boundary, while the magnetic field acts to produce a magnetic pinch along the axis of the jet. Such jets can be in a lateral pressure equilibrium only if their opening angle θj at distance z is smaller than about 1/γ , where γ is the characteristic bulk Lorentz factor at this distance; otherwise, different parts of the jet cannot maintain causal contact. We construct maps of optically thin synchrotron emission from our self-similar models. We suggest that the boundary pileup may be the reason for the limb-brightening of the subparsec jet of M87. We find that if the synchrotron emissivity falls with the distance from the jet axis, the polarization fraction rises toward the edge, as seen in 3C273 and Mrk501. Projection effects and the emissivity pattern of the jet have a strong effect on the observed polarization signal, so the interpretation of the polarization data in terms of the geometry of magnetic fields is rather uncertain. For example, jets with toroidal magnetic fields display the “spine-sheath” polarization angle pattern seen in some BL Lac objects.
Factor Rotations in Factor Analyses

The different methods of factor analysis first extract a set a factors from a data set. These factors are almost always orthogonal and are ordered according to the proportion of the variance of the original data that these factors explain. In general, only a (small) subset of factors is kept for further consideration and the remaining factors are considered as either irrelevant or nonexistent (i.e., they are assumed to reflect measurement error or noise). In order to make the interpretation of the factors that are considered relevant, the first selection step is generally followed by a rotation of the factors that were retained. Two main types of rotation are used: orthogonal when the new axes are also orthogonal to each other, and oblique when the new axes are not required to be orthogonal to each other. Because the rotations are always performed in a subspace (the so-called factor space), the new axes will always explain less variance than the original factors (which are computed to be optimal), but obviously the part of variance explained by the total subspace after rotation is the same as it was before rotation (only the partition of the variance has changed). Because the rotated axes are not defined according to a statistical criterion, their raison d’être is to facilitate the interpretation. In this article, I illustrate the rotation procedures using the loadings of variables analyzed with principal component analysis (the so-called R-mode), but the methods described here are valid also for other types of analysis and when analyzing the subjects’ scores (the so-called Q-mode). Before proceeding further, it is important to stress that because the rotations always take place in a subspace (i.e., the space of the retained factors), the choice of this subspace strongly influences the result of the rotation. Therefore, in the practice of rotation in factor analysis, it is strongly recommended to try several sizes for the subspace of the retained factors in order to assess the robustness of the interpretation of the rotation.
METHYLATION OF E. COLI TRANSFER RIBONUCLEIC ACIDS BY A tRNA ADENINE‐l‐METHYLTRANSFERASE FROM RAT BRAIN CORTEX AND BULK‐ISOLATED NEURONS

Abstract— Brain cortices or bulk‐isolated neuronal cell bodies prepared from cortices of 8‐day old male rats were used as the source of a l‐methyl adenine‐specific tRNA methyltransferase (tRNA‐AMT). Ammonium sulfate fractionation and chromatography on spheroidal hydroxylapatite and Sephadex G‐200 yielded an 80‐fold purified enzyme, as determined by using E. coli bulk tRNA as substrate. The kinetic parameters of tRNA‐AMT for the substrate S‐adenosyl‐l‐methionine (SAM) (Km= 6 μM) and the inhibitor, S‐adenosyl‐l‐homocysteine (SAH) (Ki= 3.4 μm) were determined and several SAH analogs tested as inhibitors. S‐Adenosyl‐l‐cysteine (SAC) (10‐4m) and S‐adenosyl‐d‐homocysteine (SADH) (10‐4m) produced a 35 and a 21% reduction in enzyme activity, respectively. The effects of Mg2+, NH4+ acetate and of the polyamines spermine, putrescine and spermidine on the brain tRNA‐AMT mimicked the effects of these agents on hepatic tRNA‐AMT (Glicket al, 1975).
Selfobject Experience in Long-Term Friendships of Midlife Women

ABSTRACT Few psychodynamic thinkers have explored friendship from a self-psychological perspective. Many have suspected, but this study is the first of its kind to demonstrate through a rigorous qualitative research process that selfobject needs are, in fact, experienced in friendships. This phenomenological study offers an in-depth exploration of how 13 midlife women experienced their long-term friendships. Factors promoting structure building and cohesion strengthening are present in friendships. Learning how one's client approaches friendships can offer clinical insight into selfobject needs, since one's pattern of approaching relationships is enacted in friendships. Offering a psychodynamic understanding of friendship deepens therapeutic understanding of self.
Akademik Erteleme ve Sınav Kaygısı

Bu calismanin amaci, akademik erteleme davranisi ve sinav kaygisi arasindaki iliskiyi incelemektir. Bu dogrultuda, veri toplama araci olarak kullanilan Erteleme Davranisi Degerlendirme Olcegi ve Sinav Kaygisi Envanteri 109 (61 kiz, 48 erkek) lisans ogrencisine uygulanmistir. Calismaya katilan ogrenciler 17-29 yaslari arasinda olup, yas ortalamalari 19.9 dur. Calismanin sonuclari, ogrencilerin akademik erteleme davranisi ortalamasinin 34.5 (SS = 5.4) ve sinav kaygisi ortalamasinin 43.0 (SS = 12.2) oldugunu gostermektedir. Cinsiyet farkina yonelik olarak yapilan analiz sonuclari, akademik erteleme davranisina iliskin bir farkliliga isaret etmezken; kiz ogrencilerin (M = 45.7; SS = 13.2) erkek ogrencilerden (M = 39.6; SS = 9.9) daha fazla sinav kaygisina sahip oldugunu gostermistir. Faktor analizi bulgulari, calismaya katilan ogrencilerin erteleme nedenlerinin Basarisizlik korkusu, Risk Alma Davranisi, Kontrol Edilmeye Karsi Isyan ve Tembellik nedenleri uzerinde yogunlastigini ortaya koymustur. Ogrencilerin akademik alanlarda gosterdikleri erteleme davranisi sebeplerinden basarisizlik korkusu ve sinav kaygisi arasinda (r = .34) anlamli bir iliski oldugu calismanin diger bulgulari arasindadir
Effects of Stingless Bee Propolis on Experimental Asthma

Bee products have been used empirically for centuries, especially for the treatment of respiratory diseases. The present study evaluated the effect of treatment with a propolis hydroalcoholic extract (PHE) produced by Scaptotrigona aff. postica stingless bee in a murine asthma model. BALB/c mice were immunized twice with ovalbumin (OVA) subcutaneously. After 14 days, they were intranasally challenged with OVA. Groups P50 and P200 received PHE by gavage at doses of 50 and 200 mg/kg, respectively. The DEXA group was treated with intraperitoneal injection of dexamethasone. The OVA group received only water. The mice were treated daily for two weeks and then they were immunized a second time with intranasal OVA. The treatment with PHE decreased the cell number in the bronchoalveolar fluid (BAL). Histological analysis showed reduced peribronchovascular inflammation after treatment with PHE especially the infiltration of polymorphonuclear cells. In addition, the concentration of interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in the serum was decreased. These results were similar to those obtained with dexamethasone. Treatment with S. aff postica propolis reduced the pathology associated with murine asthma due an inhibition of inflammatory cells migration to the alveolar space and the systemic progression of the allergic inflammation.
A Precision Measurement of the Neutral Pion Lifetime via the Primako E ect

We propose to perform a precise measurement of the neutral pion lifetime using the small angle coherent photoproduction of 's in the Coulomb eld of a nucleus, i.e. the Primako e ect. The o ! decay proceeds primarily via the chiral anomaly and represents one of the most de nitive tests of low energy QCD. This measurement will be a state-of-theart experimental determination of the lifetime with a precision of less than 1.5%, which is commensurate with the theoretical uncertainty. The o photoproduction cross section will be measured for three nuclei (C, Sn, and Pb) at photon energies from 4.6 GeV to 5.7 GeV and at angles from zero to four degrees. High precision measurements over a range of Z's, photon energies, and angles will ensure a clean separation of the Primako production mechanism from competing photoproduction processes. The improved precision is enabled by (1) the use of quasimonochromatic photons from the TJNAF Hall B tagged photon facility and (2), the development of a hybrid o detector consisting of a multichannel lead glass detector with a high resolution insertion.
007 The Effect of Far Right Parties on the Location Choice of Immigrants : Evidence from Lega Nord Mayors

Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission, provided that full acknowledgement is given. Immigration has increasingly taken centre-stage in the political landscape. Part of this has been rise in far-right, anti-immigration parties in a range of countries. Existing evidence suggests that the presence of immigrants has a substantial effect on the political views of the electorate, generating an advantage to these parties with anti-immigration or nationalist platforms. This paper explores a closely related issue but overlooked issue: how immigrant behavior is influenced by these parties. We focus on immigrant location decisions in Northern Italy which has seen the rise of the anti-immigration party Lega Nord. We construct a dataset of mayoral elections in Italy for the years 2002-2014, and calculate the effect of electing a mayor belonging to, or supported by Lega Nord. To identify this relationship we focus on mayors who have been elected with narrow margins of victory in a Regression Discontinuity framework. The election of Lega Nord mayor discourages immigrants from moving into the municipality.
Selecting a Single, Representative Sample for Accurate Simulation of SPECint Benchmarks

Detailed micro-architecture studies often require time-consuming, cycle-accurate simulation. Unfortunately, many benchmarks of interest, like the SPEC benchmarks, run for tens of billions of instructions and are prohibitive to simulate to completion. Instead, researchers typically must confine themselves to simulating samples of the program’s overall execution. This report presents detailed interval-trace data about the SPECint programs’ branch-prediction and cache behavior. The report then argues that accurate simulation results can be obtained using a single, short simulation window of just 50 million instructions. They key to obtaining accurate results is to choose this simulation window carefully, and in particular to avoid unrepresentative behavior at the beginning of programs’ execution.
GDNN: a gender-dependent neural network for continuous speech recognition

Most parametric representations of speech are highly speaker dependent, and probability distributions suitable for a certain speaker may not perform as well for other speakers. It is desirable to incorporate constraints on analysis that rely on the same speaker producing all the frames in an utterance. Experiments for speaker consistency modeling by using a classification network to help generate gender-dependent phonetic probabilities for a statistical recognition system are reported. Results show a good classification rate for the gender classification net. Simple use of such a model to augment an existing larger network that estimates phonetic probabilities does not help speech recognition performance. When the net is properly integrated in a hidden Markov model (HMM) recognizer, it significantly improves word accuracy. <<ETX>>
Attitudes and beliefs towards mental disorders

The aim of this study was to get a better understanding of which variables affect attitude towards mental disorders. Of special interest was to explore how familiarity with mental disorders affected attitude. Participants were 218 students at Reykjavík University. Prejudice towards mental disorders was rather low among participants. Results revealed that there is a significant inverse relationship between familiarity and prejudice, both having a family member diagnosed with a mental disorder (β = -.150, p < 0,05) and a friend diagnosed with a mental disorder (β = -.174, p < 0,01), when all other variables had been accounted for. These findings further address the issue individuals with mental disorders are facing, stigmatization and social distancing. This study data could add further realization for the need for campaigns being created that increase proximity with individuals with mental disorders.
A Semantic Relatedness Measure Based on Combined Encyclopedic, Ontological and Collocational Knowledge

We describe a new semantic relatedness measure combining the Wikipedia-based Explicit Semantic Analysis measure, the WordNet path measure and the mixed collocation index. Our measure achieves the currently highest results on the WS-353 test: a Spearman rho coefficient of 0.79 (vs. 0.75 in (Gabrilovich and Markovitch, 2007)) when applying the measure directly, and a value of 0.87 (vs. 0.78 in (Agirre et al., 2009)) when using the prediction of a polynomial SVM classifier trained on our measure. In the appendix we discuss the adaptation of ESA to 2011 Wikipedia data, as well as various unsuccessful attempts to enhance ESA by filtering at word, sentence, and section level.
Crystal shape-dependent magnetic susceptibility and Curie law crossover in the spin ices Dy2Ti2O7 and Ho2Ti2O7

We present an experimental determination of the isothermal magnetic susceptibility of the spin ice materials Dy2Ti2O7 and Ho2Ti2O7 in the temperature range 1.8–300 K. The use of spherical crystals has allowed accurate correction for demagnetizing fields and allowed the true bulk isothermal susceptibility χT(T) to be estimated. This has been compared against a theoretical expression based on a Husimi tree approximation to the spin ice model. Agreement between experiment and theory is excellent at T > 10 K, but systematic deviations occur below that temperature. Our results largely resolve an apparent disagreement between neutron scattering and bulk measurements that has been previously noted. They also show that the use of non-spherical crystals in magnetization studies of spin ice may introduce very significant systematic errors, although we note some interesting—and possibly new—systematics concerning the demagnetizing factor in cuboidal samples. Finally, our results show how experimental susceptibility measurements on spin ices may be used to extract the characteristic energy scale of the system and the corresponding chemical potential for emergent magnetic monopoles.
An Exploratory Biomechanical Analysis of the Side-to-Side Swing Patterns of Three Skilled Switch Hitters

The ability to successfully switch hit, or hit a baseball from both sides of the plate, requires a great amount of practice and coordination bilaterally. This study used three-dimensional kinematic and kinetic data to examine the swing patterns of skilled switch hitters in baseball. Three male minor league and division I collegiate switch hitters participated. Subjects stood on force plates and hit baseballs off a tee while their swings were recorded with a three-dimensional optical motion capture system. Each subject performed twenty total swings, ten from the right and ten from the left. The swings were digitally analyzed and the dependent measures were compared side-to-side. The swing was broken down into specific events and temporal phase parameters were obtained. Peak vertical ground reaction force of each foot and stride length of each swing were also obtained. All variables were statistically analyzed using paired t-tests. The subjects displayed surface swing characteristics side-to-side that appeared identical and statistically there were no significant differences in the swing variables side-to-side. However, each subject had slight internal pattern differences side-to-side that are reported and discussed. Switch hitters are an excellent example of skilled practitioners that can provide insight into questions pertaining to dominance and motor control. Further research is needed with more subjects to explore side-to-side similarities and differences in well-established patterns. v Acknowledgements
Sparse signal recovery under Poisson statistics

We are motivated by problems that arise in a number of applications such as explosives detection and online Marketing, where the observations are governed by Poisson statistics. Here each observation is a Poisson random variable whose mean is a sparse linear superposition of known patterns. Unlike many conventional problems observations here are not identically distributed since they are associated with different sensing modalities. We analyse the performance of a Maximum Likelihood (ML) decoder, which for our Poisson setting is computationally tractable. We derive fundamental sample complexity bounds for sparse recovery in the high-dimensional setting. We show that when the sensing matrix satisfies the so-called Restricted Eigenvalue (RE) condition the ℓ1 regularized ML decoder is consistent. Moreover, it converges exponentially fast in terms of number of observations. Our results apply to both deterministic and random sensing matrices and we present several results for both cases.
To Be Known, Accepted, and Involved: Investigating Organizational Assimilation in Christian Churches

ABSTRACT Church membership is changing due to technology, globalization, and Millennial perspectives on religion. Additionally, churches are organizations without clear delineations between members and nonmembers, and there are few role expectations for attendees. Yet maintaining and growing membership is a necessary and important part of church organizing. Using Gailliard, Myers, and Seibold’s (2010) Organizational Assimilation Index as a framework, this study investigates how members identify their assimilation experiences in Christian churches. Qualitative data from 233 participants provide evidence of three general markers of assimilation in this context: (a) building relationships with other members, (b) being involved in church activities, and (c) learning church culture at both the organizational and religious levels. We present findings that identify specific attributes for each theme and discuss how our findings extend current conceptions of organizational assimilation within organizations.
NCP1/AtMOB1A Plays Key Roles in Auxin-Mediated Arabidopsis Development

MOB1 protein is a core component of the Hippo signaling pathway in animals where it is involved in controlling tissue growth and tumor suppression. Plant MOB1 proteins display high sequence homology to animal MOB1 proteins, but little is known regarding their role in plant growth and development. Herein we report the critical roles of Arabidopsis MOB1 (AtMOB1A) in auxin-mediated development in Arabidopsis. We found that loss-of-function mutations in AtMOB1A completely eliminated the formation of cotyledons when combined with mutations in PINOID (PID), which encodes a Ser/Thr protein kinase that participates in auxin signaling and transport. We showed that atmob1a was fully rescued by its Drosophila counterpart, suggesting functional conservation. The atmob1a pid double mutants phenocopied several well-characterized mutant combinations that are defective in auxin biosynthesis or transport. Moreover, we demonstrated that atmob1a greatly enhanced several other known auxin mutants, suggesting that AtMOB1A plays a key role in auxin-mediated plant development. The atmob1a single mutant displayed defects in early embryogenesis and had shorter root and smaller flowers than wild type plants. AtMOB1A is uniformly expressed in embryos and suspensor cells during embryogenesis, consistent with its role in embryo development. AtMOB1A protein is localized to nucleus, cytoplasm, and associated to plasma membrane, suggesting that it plays roles in these subcellular localizations. Furthermore, we showed that disruption of AtMOB1A led to a reduced sensitivity to exogenous auxin. Our results demonstrated that AtMOB1A plays an important role in Arabidopsis development by promoting auxin signaling.
Online subscriptions with anonymous access

Online privacy is an increasingly important problem, as many services are now offered in a digital form. Privacy (or the lack thereof) is of a special concern in subscriptions to large data repositories with heterogeneous information, where the service provider can easily profile its users and sell that information to third parties. In this work we present the design and implementation of a system that closely resembles the current practice of subscriptions to many services such as newspapers, digital libraries, music collections, etc., but at the same time offers anonymous access to the service. As with current practice, in our solution a user subscribes to the service obtaining access to it for a certain period of time, at the end of which the subscription expires. In our system user access is always anonymous and no two transactions by the same user can be linked together. Moreover, the system assures a high level of protection to the service provider, as a user cannot share her subscription credentials with others without denying herself access to the service. We present experimental results showing that the design of our system results in only small computation overheads, in addition to having very low communication requirements. The main objective of this work is thus to illustrate the practically of integrating anonymity into today's subscription-based services.