Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Akt-Nitric Oxide-cGMP Pathway Contributes to Nerve Growth Factor-Mediated Neurite Outgrowth in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice

Apolipoprotein E (apo)-deficient [apoE(−/−)] mice have peripheral sensory nerve defects and a reduced and delayed response to noxious thermal stimuli. However, to date, no report has focused on the influence of apoE deficiency on calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-containing nerve fiber extensions. We have shown that the density of CGRP-containing nerve fibers decreases in mesenteric arteries of apoE(−/−) mice compared with wild-type mice. Here, we investigated whether apoE deficiency is involved in nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced CGRP-containing nerve regeneration using apoE(−/−) mice. NGF-mediated CGRP-like immunoreactivity (LI)-neurite outgrowth in apoE(−/−) cultured dorsal root ganglia (DRG) cells was significantly lower than that in wild-type cultures. However, the level of NGF receptor mRNA in apoE(−/−) DRG cells was similar to that in wild-type mice. To clarify the mechanism of the impaired ability of NGF-mediated neurite outgrowth, we focused on the Akt-nitric oxide (NO)-cGMP pathway. Expression of phosphorylated Akt was significantly reduced in apoE(−/−) DRG. The NO donor, sodium nitroprusside or S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine, did not affect NGF-mediated neurite outgrowth in apoE(−/−) cultured DRG cells. However, 8-bromoguanosine 3′,5′-cyclic monophosphate sodium salt n-hydrate, a cGMP analog, induced NGF-mediated nerve facilitation similar to wild-type NGF-mediated neurite outgrowth levels. Furthermore, in apoE(−/−) DRG, soluble guanylate cyclase expression was significantly lower than that in wild-type DRG. These results suggest that in apoE(−/−) mice the Akt-NO-cGMP pathway is impaired, which may be caused by NGF-mediated CGRP-LI-neurite outgrowth defects.
Comparison of Golden Jackal Sample to Jackals and Wolves

Recent reports have indicated that some North African golden jackals possess gray wolflike mitochondrial DNA sequences [1,2]. The authors have suggested that those individuals may represent a previously undescribed gray wolf lineage present in North Africa, thus supporting previous claims based on the usual morphology and size of some canid specimens from this region [3]. Conceivably, the recent divergence estimated with G-PhoCS between golden jackals and gray wolves/dogs compared to previous estimates [4] could be due to a presence of wolf-like individuals in Israel rather than the more basal golden jackal lineage [5]. However, the mitochondrial DNA of the sequenced jackal was not wolf-like (unpublished results) and critically, analysis of previously published SNP data suggest Israeli golden jackals, including the specimen used in this paper, represent a lineage distinct from those in North Africa (Figure S11.1). Also, an analysis of 25 exonic sequences (16,180 bp) across a large panel of over 150 jackals from outside Africa did not indicate close proximity to the gray wolf / dog clade (Koepfli et al. unpublished data). The divergence time of wolves and golden jackals has been estimated as about 1.5 million years from fossil data [4]. The molecular data presented here and results in preparation suggest a much more recent divergence time, indicating that fossil remains thought to be golden jackals are not directly ancestral to living forms. The difficult of deducing affinities of a generalized canid such as the golden jackal are exemplified by the problems in assigning recent specimens to one species or another [3].
DNA-mediated association of two histone-bound complexes of yeast Chromatin Assembly Factor-1 (CAF-1) drives tetrasome assembly in the wake of DNA replication

Nucleosome assembly in the wake of DNA replication is a key process that regulates cell identity and survival. Chromatin assembly factor 1 (CAF-1) is a H3-H4 histone chaperone that associates with the replisome and orchestrates chromatin assembly following DNA synthesis. Little is known about the mechanism and structure of this key complex. Here we investigate the CAF-1•H3-H4 binding mode and the mechanism of nucleosome assembly. We show that yeast CAF-1 binding to a H3-H4 dimer activates the Cac1 winged helix domain interaction with DNA. This drives the formation of a transient CAF-1•histone•DNA intermediate containing two CAF-1 complexes, each associated with one H3-H4 dimer. Here, the (H3-H4)2 tetramer is formed and deposited onto DNA. Our work elucidates the molecular mechanism for histone deposition by CAF-1, a reaction that has remained elusive for other histone chaperones, and it advances our understanding of how nucleosomes and their epigenetic information are maintained through DNA replication. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.22799. 001
Cholesterol-raising factor from boiled coffee does not pass a paper filter.

Previous studies have indicated that consumption of boiled coffee raises total and low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, whereas drip-filtered coffee does not. We have tested the effect on serum lipids of consumed coffee that was first boiled and then filtered through commercial paper coffee filters. Sixty-four healthy volunteers consumed six cups per day of this boiled and filtered coffee for 17 days. Then, they were randomly divided into three groups, which, for the next 79 days, received either unfiltered boiled coffee (lipid content, 1.0 g/l), boiled and filtered coffee (0.02 g lipid/l), or no coffee. Serum total cholesterol levels rose by 0.42 mmol/l (16 mg/dl; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.14-0.71), LDL cholesterol levels by 0.41 mmol/l (16 mg/dl; 95% CI, 0.16-0.66), and apolipoprotein B levels by 8.6 mg/dl (95% CI, 3.8-13.4) in those who consumed boiled coffee relative to those who consumed boiled and filtered coffee. Responses of triglycerides, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, and apolipoprotein A-I did not differ significantly among these groups. No significant effects on serum lipid levels were found in the boiled and filtered coffee-consuming group compared with those who drank no coffee. In subjects who drank boiled coffee, serum campesterol level, an indicator of cholesterol absorption, remained constant. The serum lathosterol level, an indicator of cholesterol synthesis, increased by 11% (p less than 0.05), but the lathosterol to cholesterol ratio did not change. We propose that paper filters of the type used for drip-filtered coffee retain the lipid present in boiled coffee and in that way remove the hypercholesterolemic factor. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Further evidence that the UGT1A1*28 allele is not associated with coronary heart disease: The ECTIM Study.

In their recent paper in Clinical Chemistry , Bosma et al. (1) were unable to demonstrate a protective effect of the UGT1A1*28 allele against coronary heart disease (CHD). This was surprising because individuals homozygous for the UGT1A1*28 allele have higher serum bilirubin than do heterozygous or homozygous wild-type individuals and serum bilirubin concentration is inversely related to risk of CHD(2)(3). We studied UGT1A1 bilirubin uridine diphosphate glucuronosyl transferase genotypes in the ECTIM case-control study of myocardial infarction (MI) (4). The study was conducted on a predefined subsample of the ECTIM Study population. DNA was available for 366 male cases and 314 male controls [from Strasbourg and Toulouse: 181 cases with mean (SD) age 53.7 (8.0) years and 159 controls, with mean (SD) age 52.7 (8.7) years; from Northern Ireland: 185 cases with mean (SD) age 54.8 (8.0), and 155 controls, with mean …
Fully contention-free optical NoC based on wavelenght routing

This paper proposes a new optical network-on-chip which is scalable, low-power and high-performance. We design a centralized all-optical router which takes advantage of wavelength based structures. Our design achieves fully contention-free operation by utilizing path-based algorithms. By merging primary photonic switches and utilizing WDM technique, we mitigated the number of basic switching elements and thus reduced the consumed power down to 47.37% in comparison with the most prominent structure introduced for wavelength routing; i.e., the λ-Router. We obtained this superiority while maintaining the performance as high as the previous structures, which yields in energy savings. Moreover, our proposed network is traffic-independent and its routing algorithm is multicast-adaptive.
Quotients of cluster categories

Higher cluster categories were recently introduced as a generalization of cluster categories. This paper shows that in Dynkin types A and D, half of all higher cluster categories can be obtained as quotients of cluster categories. The other half are quotients of 2-cluster categories, the ‘lowest’ type of higher cluster categories. Hence, in Dynkin types A and D, all higher cluster phenomena are implicit in cluster categories and 2-cluster categories. In contrast, the same is not true in Dynkin type E.
Character Values in the Superflex Learning Model

This paper was taken from the results of research conducted by researchers in 2016 and 2017 at Cimahi inclusion school. The purpose of this study is to produce a learning model to help teachers in overcoming students who have emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD). Background teachers from general education for teachers apply the same education to EBD students in the classroom. Research is done by using research and development method. In 2016 resulted in an agreement with teachers to conduct a limited model trial. In 2017 conducted a limited trial in three Cimahi inclusion primary schools. Based on the results of the research, found the character value that can be raised after doing the superflex learning model. The values of the characters that appear are honest, curiosity, communicative, social and responsibility. This character can help EBD students to be more confident in associating with their environment. Keywords—character; emotional and behavioral disorder; social cognition; superflex learning; value
Tie2-Dependent Neovascularization of the Ischemic Hindlimb Is Mediated by Angiopoietin-2

The angiopoietins (ANGPT) are ligands for the endothelial cell (EC) receptor tyrosine kinase, Tie2. Angpt-1 is a Tie2 agonist that promotes vascular maturation and stabilization, whereas Angpt-2 is a partial agonist/antagonist involved in the initiation of postnatal angiogenesis. Therefore, we hypothesized that overexpression of Angpt-2 would be more effective than Angpt-1 for enhancing the perfusion recovery in the ischemic hindlimb. Perfusion recovery was markedly impaired in Tie2-deficient animals at day 35 in a model of chronic hindlimb ischemia. Injections of Angpt-2 or VEGFA plasmid at 7 days post femoral artery resection enhanced recovery and improved arteriogenesis as assessed by angiographic scores, whereas Angpt-1 or null plasmid had no effect. In addition, Angpt-2 together with VEGF resulted in greater improvement in perfusion and collateral vessel formation than VEGF alone. Similarly, conditional overexpression of Angpt-2 in mice improved ischemic limb blood flow recovery, while Angpt-1 overexpression was ineffective. These data from Tie2 heterozygote deficient mice demonstrate, for the first time, the importance of the Tie2 pathway in spontaneous neovascularization in response to chronic hindlimb ischemia. Moreover, they show that overexpression of the partial agonist, Angpt-2, but not Angpt-1, enhanced ischemic hind limb perfusion recovery and collateralization, suggesting that a coordinated sequence antagonist and agonist activity is required for effective therapeutic revascularization.
Hippocampal Adaptive Response Following Extensive Neuronal Loss in an Inducible Transgenic Mouse Model

Neuronal loss is a common component of a variety of neurodegenerative disorders (including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Huntington's disease) and brain traumas (stroke, epilepsy, and traumatic brain injury). One brain region that commonly exhibits neuronal loss in several neurodegenerative disorders is the hippocampus, an area of the brain critical for the formation and retrieval of memories. Long-lasting and sometimes unrecoverable deficits caused by neuronal loss present a unique challenge for clinicians and for researchers who attempt to model these traumas in animals. Can these deficits be recovered, and if so, is the brain capable of regeneration following neuronal loss? To address this significant question, we utilized the innovative CaM/Tet-DTA mouse model that selectively induces neuronal ablation. We found that we are able to inflict a consistent and significant lesion to the hippocampus, resulting in hippocampally-dependent behavioral deficits and a long-lasting upregulation in neurogenesis, suggesting that this process might be a critical part of hippocampal recovery. In addition, we provide novel evidence of angiogenic and vasculature changes following hippocampal neuronal loss in CaM/Tet-DTA mice. We posit that angiogenesis may be an important factor that promotes neurogenic upregulation following hippocampal neuronal loss, and both factors, angiogenesis and neurogenesis, can contribute to the adaptive response of the brain for behavioral recovery.
1998 Superoutburst of the Large-Amplitude SU UMa-Type Dwarf Nova WX Ceti

We observed the 1998 November superoutburst of WX Cet, a dwarf nova originally proposed as a WZ Sgelike system. The observation established that WX Cet is an SU UMa-type dwarf nova with a mean superhump period of 0.05949(1)d, which is 2.1% longer than the reported orbital period. The lack of early superhumps at the earliest stage of the superoutburst, the rapid development of usual superhumps, and the possible rapid decay of late superhumps seem to support that WX Cet is a fairly normal large-amplitude SU UMa-type dwarf nova, rather than a WZ Sge-type dwarf nova with a number of peculiarities. However, a period increase of superhumps at a rate u P/ P =+ 8.5 ±1.0 ×10 −5 was observed, which is one of the largest u P/ Pever observed in SU UMa-type dwarf novae. A linear decline of light, with a rate of 0.10magd −1 , was observed in the post-superoutburst stage. This may be an exemplification of the decay of the viscosity in the accretion disk after the termination of a superoutburst, mechanism of which is proposed to explain a variety of post-superoutburst phenomena in some SU UMa-type dwarf novae.
Approximate Randomization of Quantum States With Fewer Bits of Key

Randomization of quantum states is the quantum analogue of the classical one-time pad. We present an improved, efficient construction of an approximately randomizing map that uses O(d/epsilon^2) Pauli operators to map any d-dimensional state to a state that is within trace distance epsilon of the completely mixed state. Our bound is a log d factor smaller than that of Hayden, Leung, Shor, and Winter (2004), and Ambainis and Smith (2004). Then, we show that a random sequence of essentially the same number of unitary operators, chosen from an appropriate set, with high probability form an approximately randomizing map for d-dimensional states. Finally, we discuss the optimality of these schemes via connections to different notions of pseudorandomness, and give a new lower bound for small epsilon.
A Set-Valued Approach to FDI and FTC of Wind Turbines

A complete methodology to design robust fault detection and isolation (FDI) filters and fault-tolerant control (FTC) schemes for linear parameter varying systems is proposed, with particular focus on its applicability to wind turbines. This paper takes advantage of the recent advances in model falsification using set-valued observers (SVOs) that led to the development of FDI methods for uncertain linear time-varying systems, with promising results in terms of the time required to diagnose faults. An integration of such SVO-based FDI methods with robust control synthesis is described, to deploy new FTC algorithms that are able to stabilize the plant under faulty environments. The FDI and FTC algorithms are assessed by resorting to a publicly available wind turbine benchmark model, using Monte Carlo simulation runs.
The Linux Pseudorandom Number Generator Revisited

The Linux pseudorandom number generator (PRNG) is a PRNG with entropy inputs which is widely used in many security related applications and protocols. This PRNG is written as an open source code which is subject to regular changes. It was last analyzed in the work of Gutterman et al. in 2006 [GPR06] but since then no new analysis has been made available, while in the meantime several changes have been applied to the code, among others, to counter the attacks presented in [GPR06]. Our work describes the Linux PRNG of kernel versions 2.6. 30.7 and upwards. We detail the PRNG architecture in the Linux system and provide its first accurate mathematical description and a precise analysis of the building blocks, including entropy estimation and extraction. Subsequently, we give a security analysis including the feasibility of cryptographic attacks and an empirical test of the entropy estimator. Finally, we underline some important changes to the previous versions and their consequences.
Web-Based Support for Data-Based Decision Making: Effect of Intervention Implementation on Infant–Toddler Communication

Programs serving infants and toddlers are expected to use child data to inform decisions about intervention services; however, few tools exist to support these efforts. The Making Online Decisions (MOD) system is an adaptive intervention that guides early educators’ data-based intervention decision making for infants and toddlers at risk for language delay. Using a cluster randomized design to test the effect of the MOD, home visitors (HVs) were assigned to either use the MOD or not across 13 Early Head Start programs. Both groups used the Early Communication Indicator (ECI) for progress monitoring and a parent-mediated language promotion intervention. Children from both groups demonstrated significant growth in expressive communication. However, children whose HVs fully implemented the MOD grew significantly more than the group that did not use the MOD, even after statistically controlling for parent and HV variables. Implications for designing effective and usable systems to promote the use of data-based decision-making practices by infant–toddler service providers are discussed, as well as limitations of the current study.
Automated generation of news content hierarchy by integrating audio, video, and text information

This paper addresses the problem of generating semantically meaningful content by integrating information from different media. The goal is to automatically construct a compact yet meaningful abstraction of the multimedia data that can serve as an effective index table, allowing users to browse through large amounts of data in a non-linear fashion with flexibility, efficiency, and confidence. We propose an integrated solution in the context of broadcast news that simultaneously utilizes cues from video, audio, and test to achieve the goal. Some experimental results are presented and discussed.
Biodiesel Production by Pichia occidentalis MH879824.1

In the last few decades, oil prices have been experiencing an increasing trend. The main sources used in the energy and transport sector are still petroleum based. However, the gap is closing as a result in reducing production costs of bio-based materials (Martínez et al., 2015). In the same way, bioethanol and biodiesel are still the main biofuels used in transport applications, with biogas also presenting a few large-scale applications in some localized European areas. The extensive use of liquid biofuels was initially controversial due to the impacts on food prices. Advanced biofuels, although it is a term that is not yet well defined, are rapidly becoming a reality. These fuels may be defined based on the conversion technologies used, which are still in the research and development pilot or demonstration phases, and are commonly referred to as secondor third-generation biofuels (Balan et al., 2013). In 1993, Ratledge stated that lipids accumulating microorganisms called oleaginous microorganisms are defined as microbes with the capacity to accumulate a lipid content of A lipid producing isolate (LPI 65) was identified by a molecular genetics technique as Pichia occidentalis MH879824.1 was investigated for its ability to produce biodiesel. The isolate was screened for its ability to accumulate lipids within the cells by culturing on nitrogen-limited medium (NLM) and using Sudan black B staining technique. Estimation of lipid content % was performed. The effect of different glucose concentrations in NLM on dry biomass and lipid weight were conducted and results showed that the best concentration of glucose was 70 g/L. The possibility of using different wastes such as sugar cane molasses, waste food oil and shortening, whey permeate, and waste motor oil as carbon sources for lipid production were determined, and the results showed that the best waste for lipid production was waste motor oil. Optimization of fermentation conditions such as effect of NLM composition, NLM pH, incubation temperature, and incubation period were also investigated and results of these tests showed that the best lipid accumulation when NLM5, at pH 5.5 and incubated at 28oC for 120 h. Fatty acids profile analysis achieved that the lipids extracted from the isolate mainly contained the principal fatty acids (triacylglycerol’s, TAGs) which are similar to that of vegetable oils mainly oleic, linoleic and palmitic acid. K e y w o r d s
Territoriality and Gender in the Laboratory

We investigate the behavior or males and females in an experimental Prisoner’s Dilemma game with a partisan audience. In each session, there are two same-gender groups, either both male, both female, or one group of males and one group of females. Groups are separated into two rooms; each period, the Prisoner’s Dilemma is played in each room. One player from the other room is seated across a table from a player from that room, with all other participants from that room seated behind the home player and observing. Each person plays twice, once at home and once on the road; to make group identity more salient, each person receives a 1/3 share of the payoffs from every outcome in which the person did not participate, so that most of one’s payoffs are derived from the actions of others. We find very different patterns of behavior across gender. While there is no significant difference in the overall cooperation rates for males and females, males cooperate substantially and significantly more often when on the road, while females cooperate substantially and significantly more often when at home. Our results constitute a puzzle not only for economic theory, but also for evolutionary psychology. While the latter predicts the home-away difference for males that we observe, it does not explain the pattern for females.