Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examining the role and functions of self-development in healthcare therapy trainings: A review of the literature with a modest proposal for the use of learning agreements

Many healthcare trainings with a psychodynamic orientation encourage or require students to commit to a process of personal development, such as provided through attending individual psychotherapy and/or an experiential ‘as if therapy’ group. This paper reviews recent literature about training in psychodynamically oriented practices within counselling psychotherapy, psychiatry, the creative arts therapies and clinical psychology. The results indicate that the mandatory personal development dimension of therapy training needs urgent reassessment. Results of studies consistently call for further research about the direct benefits of personal development on students’ development of skills for therapy practice. There is minimal evidence to indicate what self-development through individual psychotherapy can specifically deliver in terms of eventual professional competence. To address some aspects of the current lacuna, this paper summarises the recommendations for training programmes available from the current research, and makes a modest proposal for the use of learning agreements, rather than only mandated hurdle requirements, to ensure that the incremental steps by which the student attains expected requirements is negotiated and agreed within regularised, and widely accepted university course procedures.
Private Benefits and Entrepreneur’s Choice of Manager

When starting a firm, an entrepreneur is faced with a difficult question of whether to manage it personally or to hire a manager. Despite the fact that many entrepreneurs choose to hire managers, the entrepreneurship literature has primarily ignored the complexity of this choice and assumed that entrepreneurs always manage their firms themselves. As a result, we know very little of what motivates an entrepreneur to manage a firm personally or to hire an agent. This paper examines the role of non-pecuniary private benefits in the choice of manager. I use a setting of foreign entrepreneurs who, in order to manage their firms abroad, need to relocate to a host country and thus experience non-pecuniary benefits and costs of relocation associated with personally managing the firm. I show that entrepreneurs with presumably higher benefits of relocation are more likely to manage their firms abroad personally and even seem to substitute relocation benefits for some firm profit. These findings are consistent with .
Managing Sustainability Communication on Campus: Experiences from Luneburg.

Purpose – Sustainability communication is evolving as a new interdisciplinary field of research and professional practice. The purpose of this paper is to point out the advantage of applying theoretical frameworks and related research instruments for an adequate sustainability communication management on campus. It also aims to highlight the normative constraints and challenges (participation) that differentiate sustainability communication from public relations.Design/methodology/approach – An interdisciplinary theoretical framework and empirical studies (quantitative/qualitative; audience research) were used for the design of a context‐sensitive sustainability communication management concept for the University of Luneburg‐Findings – Empirical data clearly showed that disciplinary cultures (including their gender specificity) are highly relevant for sustainability attitudes. Continuous visibility of sustainability efforts on campus is critical for people's attitudes and engagement. Campus community memb.
An arctic terrestrial food-chain bioaccumulation model for persistent organic pollutants.

A model representing the bioaccumulation of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in arctic terrestrial mammalian food-chains is developed, parametrized, tested, and analyzed. The model predicts concentrations of POPs in lichen, caribou (Rangifer tarandus), and wolf (Canis lupus) food-chains of Canada's central and western arctic region from measured concentrations in air and snowpack meltwater. The model accounts for temporal and seasonal variation in diet composition, life-stage, body weight, and fat content over the life-span of the animal. Model predicted concentrations of 25 organic chemicals forecasted for caribou and wolves from Cambridge Bay (69 degrees 07' N 105 degrees 03' W), Inuvik (68 degrees 18' N 133 degrees 29' W) and Bathurst Inlet (64 degrees 15' N 113 degrees 07' W) are shown to be in good agreement with the observed data. The model illustrates a strong relationship between biomagnification factors and chemical K(OA) and illustrates the effect of age, sex, and temperature on POPs bioaccumulation. Model results show that POPs with K(OA)s < 10(5) do not biomagnify in arctic terrestrial food-chains, while substances that exhibit log K(OA)s > 5 and also exhibit a log K(OW) > 2, show significant bioaccumulation in arctic terrestrial food-chains. The model shows that persistent low K(OW) (K(OW)s < 10(5)) but high K(OA) substances such as beta-HCH, 1,2,4,5 tetrachlorobenzene, and beta-endosulfan biomagnify in terrestrial mammals.
Being a Child, a Spiritual Child

How can spirituality be recognized in preschoolers? How do preschoolers express their spiritual being? How can we access this spirituality when interviews are inappropriate, and in-depth conversations are not adapted to their language abilities? These questions need to be answered in order for us to nourish and better sustain young children's spirituality. This article addresses this problem from the perspective of practical theology. It includes both a phenomenological and a hermeneutical approach to the question, and is rooted in the philosophical and theological concept of 'being'. The analysis of data highlights three modes of the child's being: Sensitive, Relational and Existential. It also explores the possible theological meaning of being a child.
Irradiation and bone marrow reconstitution affect the functional Ly49 natural killer cell repertoire in rats

Total body irradiation (TBI) is part of the preconditioning regimen for allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (alloBMT) and the procedure is associated with treatment-related toxicity and delayed immune reconstitution. Natural killer (NK) cells develop and acquire functional competence in close interaction with stromal bone marrow cells that are considered relatively radioresistant compared to the hematopoietic compartment. We thus undertook a study to assess the effect of TBI on the reconstitution of class I MHC-specific Ly49 NK cell receptors in a rat model of alloBMT. In rats subjected to TBI alone or followed by MHC-matched BMT, the irradiation conditioning induced a skewing of the Ly49 repertoire. Specifically, the activating Ly49s3bright subset exhibited increased frequency and receptor density which correlated with augmented alloreactivity relative to untreated control rats. Our results highlight the plasticity of NK cells and indicate that ionizing radiation (IR) affects the stromal compartment and as a consequence the maturation and functional properties of bone marrow-derived NK cells. These changes lasted throughout the 6 months observation period, showing that irradiation induces long term effects on the generation of the NK cell receptor repertoire.
Afterlife beliefs: category specificity and sensitivity to biological priming

Adults have been shown to attribute certain properties more frequently than others to the dead. This category-specific pattern has been interpreted in terms of simulation constraints, whereby it may be harder to imagine the absence of some states than others. Afterlife beliefs have also shown context-sensitivity, suggesting that environmental exposure to different types of information might influence adults’ reasoning about post-death states. We sought to clarify category and context effects in adults’ afterlife reasoning. Participants read a story describing the death of a human protagonist after exposure to a biological prime, an emotional prime, or no prime. Emotions, desires, and epistemic states were more frequently attributed to the dead character than biological, psychobiological, and perceptual states, partially replicating previous findings. The biological prime decreased the attribution of certain post-death states relative to the control condition, whereas the emotional prime had no effect. Simulation theory does not provide a satisfactory explanation of the present findings, which may be better accounted for by conflict between different cognitive systems that are engaged in thinking about the dead.
Spatial and Temporal Characteristics of Neonatal Seizures

Summary: Thirty‐two neonates (26 term and 6 premature) having seizures were prospectively recruited and studied. Using prolonged video/EEG monitoring, we quantified seizure variables (electrographic and clinical seizure durations, interictal periods and electrographic seizure spread) for all 1,420 seizures recorded. The effects of time and antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy were analyzed statistically. Seizures were generally frequent, with limited electrographic spread. However, some neonates had consistently longer interictal periods and 13% had mean interictal periods >60 min. Seizure variables were relatively stable over time, but they changed with AED therapy. There was a trend to decreased seizure duration, increased length of interictal periods, and decreased electrographic spread. Furthermore, there was evidence of reduced clinical features after sequential AED infusions. Seizures ceased during the monitoring period in 22 neonates. Eighty‐five percent of all seizures had no clinical manifestations. Among neonates with clear clinical correlates, clinical observations underestimated electrographic seizures in individual neonates by a mean of 54% (range 0–95%). Seizures generally had limited electrographic spread. Use of only four recording electrodes, characteristic of some portable EEG systems, underestimated seizures in 19 neonates, and missed all seizures in 2.
Devolved HRM responsibilities, middle‐managers and role dissonance

Purpose – This paper aims to report a study into the role of middle line managers, in public services, in relation to devolved HRM. The paper notes that the intermediacy of middle management leads to a distinct and unique form of role tension. A model is offered to explain that phenomenon, which is exacerbated by HRM responsibilities, and emphasises the importance of middle line managers within organisations.Design/methododology/approach – The paper shows that focused, qualitative discussions complemented earlier research. The NHS, Armed Forces and Fire Service were investigated to inform and test an explanatory framework for the phenomenon that is here denoted as role dissonance.Findings – The paper found that middle line managers want to be proactive in HRM and are taking ownership of HRM and are exceeding their job requirements to do so. However, while it can potentially enhance their role, HRM adds to what is already a substantial workload. Especially, middle managers need to mediate tensions between .
Development of a nanoporous and multilayer drug-delivery platform for medical implants

Biodegradable polymers can be applied to a variety of implants for controlled and local drug delivery. The aim of this study is to develop a biodegradable and nanoporous polymeric platform for a wide spectrum of drug-eluting implants with special focus on stent-coating applications. It was synthesized by poly(DL-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA 65:35, PLGA 75:25) and polycaprolactone (PCL) in a multilayer configuration by means of a spin-coating technique. The antiplatelet drug dipyridamole was loaded into the surface nanopores of the platform. Surface characterization was made by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE). Platelet adhesion and drug-release kinetic studies were then carried out. The study revealed that the multilayer films are highly nanoporous, whereas the single layers of PLGA are atomically smooth and spherulites are formed in PCL. Their nanoporosity (pore diameter, depth, density, surface roughness) can be tailored by tuning the growth parameters (eg, spinning speed, polymer concentration), essential for drug-delivery performance. The origin of pore formation may be attributed to the phase separation of polymer blends via the spinodal decomposition mechanism. SE studies revealed the structural characteristics, film thickness, and optical properties even of the single layers in the triple-layer construct, providing substantial information for drug loading and complement AFM findings. Platelet adhesion studies showed that the dipyridamole-loaded coatings inhibit platelet aggregation that is a prerequisite for clotting. Finally, the films exhibited sustained release profiles of dipyridamole over 70 days. These results indicate that the current multilayer phase therapeutic approach constitutes an effective drug-delivery platform for drug-eluting implants and especially for cardiovascular stent applications.
Tensin3 Is a Negative Regulator of Cell Migration and All Four Tensin Family Members Are Downregulated in Human Kidney Cancer

Background The Tensin family of intracellular proteins (Tensin1, -2, -3 and -4) are thought to act as links between the extracellular matrix and the cytoskeleton, and thereby mediate signaling for cell shape and motility. Dysregulation of Tensin expression has previously been implicated in human cancer. Here, we have for the first time evaluated the significance of all four Tensins in a study of human renal cell carcinoma (RCC), as well as probed the biological function of Tensin3. Principal Findings Expression of Tensin2 and Tensin3 at mRNA and protein levels was largely absent in a panel of diverse human cancer cell lines. Quantitative RT-PCR analysis revealed mRNA expression of all four Tensin genes to be significantly downregulated in human kidney tumors (50–100% reduction versus normal kidney cortex; P<0.001). Furthermore, the mRNA expressions of Tensins mostly correlated positively with each other and negatively with tumor grade, but not tumor size. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed Tensin3 to be present in the cytoplasm of tubular epithelium in normal human kidney sections, whilst expression was weaker or absent in 41% of kidney tumors. A subset of tumor sections showed a preferential plasma membrane expression of Tensin3, which in clear cell RCC patients was correlated with longer survival. Stable expression of Tensin3 in HEK 293 cells markedly inhibited both cell migration and matrix invasion, a function independent of putative phosphatase activity in Tensin3. Conversely, siRNA knockdown of endogenous Tensin3 in human cancer cells significantly increased their migration. Conclusions Our findings indicate that the Tensins may represent a novel group of metastasis suppressors in the kidney, the loss of which leads to greater tumor cell motility and consequent metastasis. Moreover, tumorigenesis in the human kidney may be facilitated by a general downregulation of Tensins. Therefore, anti-metastatic therapies may benefit from restoring or preserving Tensin expression in primary tumors.
Book Reviews: Multiple Perspectives on Parent-Child Play

B urgeoning strands in the study of young children's play forcefully indicate that play is a legitimate area of inquiry in education and the social sciences. Some scholars justify the study of play by illustrating that affective, communicative, and cognitive aspects of play are important constituents of child development. Others illustrate play's contributions to the development of skills such as problem solving and perspective taking. Still others emphasize using play as a medium to study psychological and educational phenomena such as teaching young children. Finally, some scholars point to the variations in play as a function of children's ecology involving the partners and setting as justification for further research in this area (for a review see Rubin, Fein, & Vandenberg, 1983). The volumes by MacDonald and by Haight and Miller have the principal goal of contributing to our developing knowledge about the role of ecology in children's play. The focus in both books is on parent-child play with occasional reference to play with siblings and peers. In addition to its principal purpose, each book also builds on other strands of play research. MacDonald opens his edited volume with a summary of book contents. Then, Sutton-Smith discusses the significance of parent-child play in children's development based on a review of the literature, noting that the nature of parent-child play has yet to be fully uncovered. The remainder of the book includes chapters on the theory and mechanisms of parent-child play as well as those on cross-cultural research. In one of the three theory chapters, MacDonald argues for an evolutionary perspective emphasizing the adaptive value of play (as do Panksepp, and Biben and Suomi). In doing so, he offers parental investment as a construct to explain both betweenand withinspecies variations in parent-child play. He asserts that high-investment parents are those who provide a wide range of resources including play stimulation to their children whereas low-investment parents play little with their children. MacDonald proposes to explain the variations observed in parent-child play as a function of socioeconomic status, cultural background, and parental marital status on the basis of parental investment, stating that varying degrees of parental involvement in children's play are an indication of parental investment in child rearing. However, as we argue in relation to the work of Haight and Miller, using parent-child play as an index of parental investment in child rearing may not be warranted.
The DEAH‐box protein PRP22 is an ATPase that mediates ATP‐dependent mRNA release from the spliceosome and unwinds RNA duplexes

Of the proteins required for pre‐mRNA splicing, at least four, the DEAH‐box proteins, are closely related due to the presence of a central ‘RNA helicase‐like’ region, and extended homology through a large portion of the protein. A major unresolved question is the function of these proteins. Indirect evidence suggests that several of these proteins are catalysts for important structural rearrangements in the spliceosome. However, the mechanism for the proposed alterations is presently unknown. We present evidence that PRP22, a DEAH‐box protein required for mRNA release from the spliceosome, unwinds RNA duplexes in a concentration‐ and ATP‐dependent manner. This demonstrates that PRP22 can modify RNA structure directly. We also show that the PRP22‐dependent release of mRNA from the spliceosome is an ATP‐dependent process and that recombinant PRP22 is an ATPase. Non‐hydrolyzable ATP analogs did not substitute for ATP in the RNA‐unwinding reaction, suggesting that ATP hydrolysis is required for this reaction. Specific mutation of a putative ATP phosphate‐binding motif in the recombinant protein eliminated the ATPase and RNA‐unwinding capacity. Significantly, these data suggest that the DEAH‐box proteins act directly on RNA substrates within the spliceosome.
What do Music Training and Musical Experience Teach Us About Brain Plasticity

THIS ARTICLE SUMMARIZES THE MAIN EVIDENCE TO date regarding links between the brain and music. Musical expertise, often linked to early and intensive learning, is associated with neuroanatomical distinctive features that have been demonstrated through modern neuroimaging techniques, especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). These distinctive features are present in several brain regions, all more or less involved either in gestural motor skill (therefore probably related to the use of an instrument) or auditory perception. There also is growing evidence that learning music has more general effects on brain plasticity. One important notion, related to this topic, is that of a probable "sensitive period," around 7 years of age, beyond which music-induced structural changes and learning effects are less pronounced. These data are discussed in the perspective of using music training for remediation in children with specific language and reading disorders.
Where’s the News?

Boo! Culture, experience, and the startle reflex was published in 1996. In the first part of the book, I show how the startle reflex, a small bit of neurophysiology – only a few synapses really – has been used as a social and cultural resource in a variety of cultural contexts. As a social and cultural resource, aspects of the reflex have been used to convey an astounding number and variety of meanings. Startle evolved as a defensive reflex which takes over attention, reconfigures ongoing thought, and causes the body to do certain protective things. Not surprisingly, startle’s social uses and cultural meanings are biased to reflect these and other startle properties. There are interesting patterns in startle’s uses and meanings, and because startles are salient and noteworthy, these patterns can be readily seen. In the second half of Boo! I discuss the culture-bound syndrome, latah, which prominently includes startles. Especially interesting to me, and the aspect of latah which the book emphasizes, is the way that the experienced and observed behavior of latahs can be shown to be the resultant of an elaborate and specific interaction among neurophysiological, social and cultural factors. These factors, it turns out, are not hierarchically stacked like a layer cake; at least in this instance they intertwine intricately in discernable and specifiable ways. When I read Robert Bartholomew’s letter I was initially aghast at his exposition of my work; what he says I say is quite at variance with what I think and with what I have written. Even so, when Professor Kirmayer invited me to respond I was at first hesitant, believing that, in general, one’s work should speak for itself. However, after reflecting a bit, I realized that offering a reasoned response to Bartholomew’s strange and puzzling letter might itself be useful, especially to readers who have been following the latah debate. The letter raises some quite interesting theoretical issues. What is being debated, with latah as a prominent exemplar, is the utility
Endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage for acute cholecystitis with a silicone-covered nitinol short bilaterally flared stent: a case series

Abstract Background and study aim Gallbladder drainage in patients with cholecystitis who are unsuitable for surgery may be performed by endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided placement of specifically designed fully covered metal stents. We describe the first case series of patients treated with a silicone-covered nitinol stent with bilateral anchor flanges. Patients and methods Data from consecutive patients with acute cholecystitis who were deemed unsuitable candidates for surgery were collected. The stent placement procedure was performed in two tertiary endoscopy centers by four experienced endoscopists. Technical and clinical success rates, as well as adverse events and clinical outcome at follow-up, were assessed. Results EUS-guided drainage for cholecystitis was performed in 16 patients (mean age 84 years; nine males). Technical and clinical success rates were 100 % (16/16) and 94 % (15/16), respectively; an early failure due to stone impaction occurred in the remaining case and required placement of a new stent. Symptom relief occurred in 11/15 cases (73 %) within 1 day, and within 2 days in the remaining 4 patients. Bleeding occurred in two patients (13 %): in one patient intraprocedural bleeding was successfully stopped during endoscopy; and delayed bleeding occurred in one patient requiring arterial embolization for catastrophic bleeding (patient died 10 days later). No cases of cholecystitis recurrence or biliary obstruction were observed during a median follow-up of 112 days (range 49 – 180 days). Conclusions Our data showed that EUS-guided gallbladder drainage with a specially designed stent is feasible and successful in patients with acute cholecystitis who are unfit for surgery.