Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What Are the Risk Factors Associated with Urinary Retention after Orthopaedic Surgery?

This study investigates the overall rate of urinary retention in a large cohort of unselected orthopaedic patients who had either general or regional anesthesia and defines the risk factors for postoperative urinary retention in that cohort of patients. A total of 15,681 patients who underwent major orthopaedic surgery with general or spinal/epidural anesthesia were included. Postoperative urinary retention was defined as any patient who required a postoperative consultation to the urologic department regarding voiding difficulty. Age at surgery, sex, type of surgery, medical history including hypertension and diabetes mellitus, and type of anesthesia were analyzed as potential predictor variables. There were 365 postoperative patients who required urology consults for urinary retention (2.3%). Older age at surgery (OR, 1.035; P < 0.0001), male sex (OR, 1.522; P = 0.0004), type of surgery (OR, 1.506; P = 0.0009), history of hypertension (OR, 1.288; P = 0.0436), and history of diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.038; P < 0.0001) were risk factors for urinary retention after orthopaedic surgery. Advanced age, male sex, joint replacement surgery, history of hypertension, and diabetes mellitus significantly increased the risk of urinary retention. In patients with these risk factors, careful postoperative urological management should be performed.
Interaction between cognitive and non-cognitive factors: the influences of academic goal orientation and working memory on mathematical performance

Although the effects of achievement goals and working memory on academic performance are well established, it is not clear whether they jointly affect academic performance. Children from Primary 4 and 6 (N = 608) were administered (a) measures of working memory and updating from the automated working memory battery and a running span task, (b) performance and mastery goal measures from the inventory of school motivation, and (c) a battery of standardised and curriculum-based mathematical tests. Both mastery and performance goals had direct (positive and negative, respectively) relations with working memory capacity. The negative relation between performance goal and mathematics was stronger for children with lower levels of mastery goal or working memory, than for those with higher levels. These findings suggest that a reduction in the availability of working memory resources may be one reason for a high performance orientation to be associated with poorer academic performance.
Reciprocal influences between stress and internalizing problems in Korean adolescents: A cross-lagged, longitudinal study

In the current four-wave, longitudinal study, adolescent stress, internalizing problems, and the reciprocal influences of these variables were examined. Data were obtained from the Korea Youth Panel Study, which included 3188 (1594 male and 1594 female) middle- and high-school students who enrolled in the study from 2004 to 2007. The mean participant age was 14.79 years in 2004. By using a cross-lagged, autoregressive model, it was shown that stress levels and internalizing problems had reciprocal influences on one another over time (all four time points). At each of the time points, the effect sizes of stress on internalizing problems were significantly greater than those of internalizing problems on stress.
Cyber Incivility @ Work: The New Age of Interpersonal Deviance

The current study was designed to extend the interpersonal deviance literature into the online domain by examining the incidence and impact of supervisor cyber incivility and neuroticism on employee outcomes at work. Conservation of Resources (COR) theory was used as the guiding framework because cyber incivility is thought to deplete energetic resources in much the same way that other stressors do, ultimately leading to negative outcomes like burnout. Results indicate that supervisor cyber incivility is positively related to burnout, absenteeism, and turnover intentions. Support was also found for the role of neuroticism as a moderator of the relationship between supervisor cyber incivility and outcomes. In general, the relations between cyber incivility and outcomes were stronger for those individuals reporting higher levels of neuroticism. Results are discussed in terms of COR theory, and possible mechanisms for the role of neuroticism in the stressor-strain relationship are discussed. The current study highlights the importance of understanding workplace online behavior and its impact on employee health and organizational well-being. Future research directions examining online interpersonal deviance are suggested.
Imported malaria in Auckland, New Zealand.

AIM To describe the current malaria situation in Auckland, New Zealand. METHOD We collected data on all cases of malaria diagnosed in Auckland from 1st October 2008 to 30th September 2009. Enhanced surveillance was arranged with all hospital and community haematology laboratories in the region. Laboratories notified us when a diagnosis of malaria was made. After obtaining informed consent the patient was asked about their travel, prophylaxis taken and symptoms. Laboratory results were collected. RESULTS There were 36 cases of malaria in 34 patients. Consent could not be obtained from two patients so data is from 34 cases in 32 patients. (One patient had P.falciparum then later P.vivax, the other had P.vivax and relapsed.) There were 24 males and 8 females with a median age of 21 years (range 6 months to 75 years). Eleven of the 32 were New Zealand residents. 8 of these 11 had travelled to visit friends or relatives (VFR) while 3 were missionaries. In this group 6 had P.falciparum, 4 P.vivax and one had both. Twenty-one of the 32 were new arrivals to New Zealand: 11 refugees and 10 migrants. CONCLUSION Malaria in Auckland is seen in new arrivals and VFR travellers, not in tourist travellers.
Uncovering injustice : towards a Dalit feminist politics in Bangalore

This research is interested in unpacking the injustice that dalit groups, men and women, identify as structuring their lives, as well as the strategies deployed to resist, disrupt and subvert the violence. It is also interested in elucidating the tensions in accounting for caste relations, as well as a gendered conception of dalit relations in Bangalore. The dalit women question has received increasing scholarly as well as political attention in the last couple of decades. However, there is very little literature that seeks to locate the conditions of dalit women’s lives in the context of urban spaces. Understanding gendered caste relations in the space of the city has been no easy process. This is not only because of the conceptual and historical disjunction between caste and class, but also because of the disjunction between caste and conceptions of the space of the city. The over-determination of the centrality of ‘the village’ in the literature on caste does not easily allow for a conception of caste relations in the city. Moreover, the space of the city as a space of freedom in the dalit imagination makes it difficult to locate a critical conception of urban spaces for a dalit politics. In relation to a gendered dalit politics, the need for an internal critique of the patriarchy of dalit politics whilst over-determined, has not produced a robust critique of intra-caste relations. This is also because in demarcating the specific conditions of dalit women’s lives, a gendered dalit politics tends to get caught up in a ‘politics of difference’. Based on primary research with three dalit groups in the city of Bangalore and secondary material, this thesis locates the politics around the naming of identity and the ways in which ‘dalit’ identity has been avowed, disavowed, contested and sometimes not confronted at all, by the groups, and what this means for a dalit politics as well as a dalit feminist politics in Bangalore. It also analyses the politics of naming the injustice of untouchability and the strategies deployed by the respondents to contend with the violence. It provides a gendered account of untouchability and an analysis of untouchability in relation to the city.
Comprehensive genomic sequencing detects important genetic differences between right-sided and left-sided colorectal cancer

Objectives Anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) therapy has been found to be more effective against left-sided colorectal cancer (LCRC) than right-sided colorectal cancer (RCRC). We hypothesized that RCRC is more likely to harbor genetic alterations associated with resistance to anti-EGFR therapy and tested this using comprehensive genomic sequencing. Materials and methods A total of 201 patients with either primary RCRC or LCRC were analyzed. We investigated tumors for genetic alterations using a 415-gene panel, which included alterations associated with resistance to anti-EGFR therapy: TK receptors (ERBB2, MET, EGFR, FGFR1, and PDGFRA), RAS pathway (KRAS, NRAS, HRAS, BRAF, and MAPK2K1), and PI3K pathway (PTEN and PIK3CA). Patients whose tumors had no alterations in these 12 genes, theoretically considered to respond to anti-EGFR therapy, were defined as “all wild-type”, while remaining patients were defined as “mutant-type”. Results Fifty-six patients (28%) and 145 patients (72%) had RCRC and LCRC, respectively. Regarding genetic alterations associated with anti-EGFR therapy, only 6 of 56 patients (11%) with RCRC were “all wild-type” compared with 41 of 145 patients (28%) with LCRC (P = 0.009). Among the 49 patients who received anti-EGFR therapy, RCRC showed significantly worse progression-free survival (PFS) than LCRC (P = 0.022), and “mutant-type” RCRC showed significantly worse PFS compared with “all wild-type” LCRC (P = 0.004). Conclusions RCRC is more likely to harbor genetic alterations associated with resistance to anti-EGFR therapy compared with LCRC. Furthermore, our data shows primary tumor sidedness is a surrogate for the non-random distribution of genetic alterations in CRC.
Land grabbing as a driver of environmental change

A worldwide increase in large-scale land acquisitions over the past decade has been described as a global land rush for access to natural resources. ‘Land grabbing’ is a dynamic of land-use change that can enable especially rapid environmental transformations across vast spatial scales. New scholarship is beginning to address these land deals in terms of their implications for social and political systems, but exploitative land uses also leave legacies of change in physical landscapes. Historical precedents from around the world, including various examples of frontier expansion, reflect the kinds of environmental responses that modern land grabbing could induce. Insights into land grabbing as a mechanism of abrupt, large-scale transitions in human–environmental systems is a research opportunity and a pressing grand challenge for Earth-surface science.
Chemical Investigations of Essential Oils from Endemic Cupressaceae Trees from New Caledonia

The volatile components obtained by hydrodistillation of leaves of C. neocaledonica Dummer, C. sulcata (Parlatore) Schlechter and N. pancheri (Carrière) de Laubenfels from New Caledonia were investigated for the first time by a combination of GC and GC–MS analysis, and compared with the heartwood oil compositions of the three species. The essential oils from C. sulcata and C. neocaledonica leaves contain a majority of monoterpenes while the leaf oil of N. pancheri is characterized by a high level of sesquiterpenoids. On the basis of the sesquiterpenoid composition of the wood- and leaf oils, N. pancheri is closely related to both New Caledonian Callitris spp. However, C. sulcata and C. neocaledonica oils remain distinct from N. pancheri and the Australian Callitris oils by the presence of compounds biosynthetically related to the bisabolyl cation, mainly barbatenes and thujopsene.
The dyadosphere of black holes and gamma-ray bursts

The "dyadosphere" has been defined (Ruffini, Preparata et al.) as the region outside the horizon of a black hole endowed with an electromagnetic field (abbreviated to EMBH for "electromagnetic black hole") where the electromagnetic field exceeds the critical value, predicted by Heisenberg & Euler for $e^+ e^-$ pair production. In a very short time ($\sim O(\hbar/(mc^2))$), a very large number of pairs is created there. We here give limits on the EMBH parameters leading to a Dyadosphere for $10M_{\odot}$ and $10^5M_{\odot}$ EMBH's, and give as well the pair densities as functions of the radial coordinate. We here assume that the pairs reach thermodynamic equilibrium with a photon gas and estimate the average energy per pair as a function of the EMBH mass. These data give the initial conditions for the analysis of an enormous pair-electromagnetic-pulse or "P.E. M. pulse" which naturally leads to relativistic expansion. Basic energy requirements for gamma ray bursts (GRB), including GRB971214 recently observed at $z=3.4$, can be accounted for by processes occurring in the dyadosphere. In this letter we do not address the problem of forming either the EMBH or the dyadosphere: we establish some inequalities which must be satisfied during their formation process.
The SOD2 Val/Val genotype enhances the risk of nonsmall cell lung carcinoma by p53 and XRCC1 polymorphisms

Exogenous reactive oxygen species (ROS) induces DNA damage. Manganese superoxide dismutase (SOD2) catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radicals, a major type of ROS, into hydrogen peroxide. p53 is a tumor suppressor gene, and X‐ray cross‐complementing group 1 (XRCC1) is involved in the base‐excision repair of ROS‐induced DNA damage.
The use of literacy bags promotes parental involvement in Chinese children’s literacy learning in the English language

This study employed an ethnographic methodology to explore the use of ‘literacy bags’ (LBs) to promote parental involvement in Chinese children’s literacy learning in the English language. It was conducted with a first-grade class consisting of 18 students and their parents in Taiwan. Data resources were obtained from teaching questionnaires, classroom observation, home visits, and parental interviews. Each LB contained an English language children’s picture book and CD or audiotape, along with some extension activities. Students took an LB home every Friday and parents spent time reading and doing the activities with their children. The results of this study highlighted the way in which LBs encouraged, supported, and enriched book reading and literacy learning in families. This study also demonstrated that parents expanded their understanding of how a child develops a new language, and they were able to apply effective literacy strategies to engage and discuss books with their children. Reading activities promoted social interactions between parents and children, parents and teachers, and peer interactions. The project also influenced parental attitudes and perceptions of their children’s English literacy development, viewing themselves as teachers of their own children. In addition, this study expanded the scope of the findings of Western scholars to include understandings of the cultures, languages, and families of East Asia.
Effects of Commodity Price Shocks on Inflation: A Cross-Country Analysis

Since 2000s, large fluctuations in non-energy commodity prices have become a concern among policymakers about price stability. Using local projections, this paper investigates the effects of commodity price shocks on inflation. We estimate impulse responses of the consumer price indexes (CPIs) to commodity price shocks from a monthly panel consisting of 120 countries. Our analyses show that the effects of commodity price shocks on inflation are transitory. While the effect on the level of consumer prices varies across countries, the transitory effects on in- flation are fairly robust, suggesting that policymakers may not need to pay special attention to the recent fluctuation in non-energy commodity prices. Employing the smooth transition autoregessive models that use the past inflation rate as the transition variable, we also explore the possibility that the effect of commodity price shocks is influenced by the inflation regimes. In this specification, commodity prices may not have transitory effects when a country is less developed and its currency is pegged to the U.S. dollar. However, the effect remains transitory in developed countries with exchange rate flexibility.
Board-Staff Relations and Perceived Effectiveness in Nonprofit Organizations

Boards of directors perform both internal and external functions. After reviewing research on the external function, this paper reports the results of an empirical study of the internal role. Based upon responses from 142 people in seven private nonprofit organizations the study finds that: (1) participants experience less actual influence than they think they should have; (2) board members' influence is posi tively related to the frequency of board meetings and the extent to which board members feel informed of their duties, though neither is very strong; (3) ratings of organizational effectiveness are positively related to board member ratings of staff educational sufficiency and the extent to which board members feel informed of their duties; and (4) at the organizational level of analysis, organizational effective ness is strongly related to the amount of total influence in the organization though this result seems to be based mostly on the strong relation between the influence of the executive director and effectiveness, as effectiveness is unrelated to board influ ence and positively related to the difference in influence between the executive di rector and the board.
Soil Moisture Estimation Using Remote Sensing

Knowledge of soil moisture content in the root zone is important throughout a wide range of environmental applications, yet adequate monitoring or modelling of this parameter, particularly at larger spatial scales, is difficult due to its high spatial and temporal variability. To overcome the land surface model limits on soil moisture estimation accuracy, point measurement spatial coverage limits, and microwave remote sensing spatial-temporal sampling limits, we reduce uncertainties through a combination of these approaches. The land surface model, forced with observation constrained European Centre for Medium-range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis data, is used to estimate the spatial and temporal variation of soil moisture content. Near-surface soil moisture measurements from the 6.6 GHz (C-band) channels of the Scanning Multi-channel Microwave Radiometer (SMMR) are then assimilated using a Kalman filter to correct for soil moisture estimation errors. Comparison with the limited ground-based point measurements of soil moisture content found a net improvement when near-surface soil moisture observations were assimilated.
Component Fluency in a Problem-Solving Context

Theories of cognitive skill suggest two hypotheses about component task practice. First, component practice increases the speed of executing component skills during problem solving. Second, component practice produces component skills that behave as encapsulated subroutines. Eight college students practiced making judgments about digital logic gates for 1360 trials. At two points during practice, they solved circuit problems that did or did not require logic gate knowledge. Time per move declined with problem-solving practice, but the effects of component training were ambiguous. However, teaching circuit functions did increase problem-solving speed. In a second experiment conducted at the end of practice, the same subjects solved problems designed to test whether the logic gate judgments acted as encapsulated subroutines. Component judgments were slower in the problem-solving context than in isolation, disconfirming this hypothesis. Taken together, the results indicate the need for a more detailed theoretical rationale for component drill.
3D reconstruction of GI tract texture surface using Capsule Endoscopy Images

Wireless Capsule Endoscopy (CE) is a novel technique to screen the entire gastrointestinal (GI) tract, especially the small bowel. It was invented by Given Imaging in 2000 to solve the problem that the conventional tools cannot explore the entire small bowel. As it is non-invasive, reliable, and safe, it has been widely applied around the world. Although the clinical findings of CE are promising, there still exist some limitations. The main problem is that it produces over 50,000 images during one examination. It is a highly time-consuming and labor-intensive task to inspect such long video for clinicians. Moreover, CE images are lack of prominent characteristics, which make it difficult to diagnose diseases even for an experienced clinician. So it is desirable and necessary to develop a tool to assist clinicians during diagnosis. In this paper, we propose a method to reconstruct the 3D texture surface of GI tract using single CE image. We applied Shape from Shading (SfS) technique to represent the surface of GI tract using 2D CE images. It is a novel way to view the abnormalities, especially for polyp, which can lead to a more efficient examination. Preliminary experiments on real CE images have been conducted. The results show that our method achieved promising performance.
Examining the influence of different levels of sexual-stimuli intensity by gender on advertising effectiveness

Abstract Sexual appeals grab attention and elicit emotional responses, yet the existing literature surrounding this area of research has yielded inconsistent findings with regard to their ability to influence consumer liking and preference. Little attention has also been given to investigating sexual appeals beyond the scope of the effects of gratuitous sexual stimuli (nudity), and as such, most of what is known about sexual appeal advertising is centred on the effects of nudity alone. The current study examines sexual-stimuli intensity (explicit vs. mild) in print advertising and assesses its influence on advertising effectiveness and how this varies by gender for Australian consumers. An experiment is conducted as a test of the hypothesised relationships, with findings indicating that the level of sexual-stimuli intensity in print advertising is more effective in influencing consumers’ attitudinal and behavioural responses when depicted at a mild intensity level than at an explicit intensity level. These findings offer important insights for marketers in the design and configuration of sexual appeals used in advertising to maximise the effectiveness of ads to achieve favourable consumer behaviour outcomes.
The (Im)possibilities of Feminist School Based Sexuality Education

A feminist school based sexuality education needs to be both gender-focused and critical. In this paper, we investigate the (im)possibilities of feminist sexuality education by exploring instances of its practice in New Zealand. Using a poststructuralist discursive framework, we use the theoretical concepts of ‘doing’ and ‘undoing’ gender to examine how students (aged 13—16) responded to progressive and liberal ideas presented by sexuality educators. Our findings paint a complicated picture. On some occasions, participants used traditional discourses of sexuality to counter educators’ use of progressive notions. At other times liberal and feminist ideas were embraced by participants and resourced awareness of possibilities for positive female sexuality. Our work shows traditional sexuality discourses are a continuing limitation to incorporating a discourse of pleasure in sexuality education even in the presence of feminist content. Nevertheless feminist discourses were present and enabled students to think about female sexuality in new and encouraging ways.