Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
M. tuberculosis Gene Expression during Transition to the "Non-Culturable" State

We analyzed the gene expression profile under specific conditions during reversible transition of M. tuberculosis cells to the "non-culturable" (NC) state in a prolonged stationary phase. More than 500 genes were differentially regulated, while 238 genes were upregulated over all time points during NC cell formation. Approximately a quarter of these upregulated genes belong to insertion and phage sequences indicating a possible high intensity of genome modification processes taking place under transition to the NC state. Besides the high proportion of hypothetical/conserved hypothetical genes in the cohort of upregulated genes, there was a significant number of genes belonging to intermediary metabolism, respiration, information pathways, cell wall and cell processes, and genes encoding regulatory proteins. We conclude that NC cell formation is an active process involved in the regulation of many genes of different pathways. A more detailed analysis of the experimental data will help to understand the precise molecular mechanisms of dormancy/latency/persistence of M. tuberculosis in the future. The list of upregulated genes obtained in this study includes many genes found to be upregulated in other models of M. tuberculosis persistence. Thirteen upregulated genes, which are common for different models, can be considered as potential targets for the development of new anti-tuberculosis drugs directed mainly against latent tuberculosis.
A Split-Attention Effect in Multimedia Learning: Evidence for Dual Processing Systems in Working Memory

Students viewed a computer-generated animation depicting the process of lightning formation (Experiment 1) or the operation of a car's braking system (Experiment 2). In each experiment, students received either concurrent narration describing the major steps (Group AN) or concurrent on-screen text involving the same words and presentation timing (Group AT). Across both experiments, students in Group AN outperformed students in Group AT in recalling the steps in the process on a retention test, in finding named elements in an illustration on a matching test, and in generating correct solutions to problems on a transfer test. Multimedia learners can integrate words and pictures more easily when the words are presented auditorily rather than visually. This split-attention effect is consistent with a dual-processing model of working memory consisting of separate visual and auditory channels.
Efficacy and safety of etanercept in moderate-to-severe asthma: a randomised, controlled trial

Increased tumour necrosis factor-&agr; levels have been observed in bronchial biopsies and induced sputum from subjects with severe asthma. We investigated etanercept (ETN) as a therapeutic option for treating moderate-to-severe persistent asthma. In this 12-week, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial, subjects (n = 132) with moderate-to-severe persistent asthma received subcutaneous injections of 25 mg ETN or placebo twice weekly, and were evaluated at baseline, and at weeks 2, 4, 8 and 12. The primary end-point was the change from baseline to week 12 in pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) % predicted. Secondary end-points included morning peak expiratory flow, FEV1 % pred, Asthma Control Questionnaire (5-item version), asthma exacerbations, provocative concentration of methacholine causing a 20% decrease in FEV1, and the Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire. No significant differences were observed between ETN and placebo for any of the efficacy end-points. ETN treatment was well tolerated, with no unexpected safety findings observed during the study. Clinical efficacy of ETN was not shown in subjects with moderate-to-severe persistent asthma over 12 weeks. However, ETN treatment was a well-tolerated therapy. Studies in specific subsets of patients with asthma with longer-term follow-up may be needed to fully evaluate the clinical efficacy of ETN in this population.
KONSELING KELOMPOK COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY DENGAN TEKNIK COGNITIVE RESTRUCTURING UNTUK MEREDUKSI PROKRASTINASI AKADEMIK

Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menguji efektivitas konseling kelompok teknik cognitive restructuring untuk mereduksi prokrastinasi akademik ditinjau dari jenis kelamin pada siswa SMK PGRI 2 Ponorogo. Jenis penelitian randomized pretest–postest control group design diaplikasikan dalam penelitian ini dengan melibatkan sejumlah 16 siswa yang memiliki skor prokrastinasi akademik tinggi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan adalah statistik non parametrik dengan menggunakan uji u mann whitney untuk menguji efek cognitive restructuring terhadap prokrastinasi dan menggunakan uji wilcoxon signed rank test untuk mengetahui efektivitas intervensi antara jenis kelamin laki – laki dan perempuan. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konseling kelompok CBT teknik cognitive restructuring efektif untuk mereduksi prokrastinasi akademik. Teknik cognitive restructuring cocok untuk siswa laki–laki maupun perempuan. Hal ini terbukti dengan tak ada perbedaan skor postes secara signifikan diantara keduanya. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of group counseling of Cognitive-Behavior Therapy with cognitive restructuring techniques to reduce academic procrastination between male and female students of SMK PGRI 2 Ponorogo. The randomized pretest-posttest control group design was applied, and 16 students were involved in present study. Data were analyzed using non parametric statistics of Mann Whitney U test for examining the impact of cognitive restructuring on academic procrastination and Wilcoxon signed rank test for determining the effect of cognitive restructung between male and female students. The results showed that CBT group counseling with cognitive restructuring techniques was effective for reducing academic procrastination. The cognitive restructuring techniques were suitable for both male and female students. It was reflected from the absence of significant differences effect of cognitive restructuring between them.
Radiological assessment of peri-implant bone loss: a 12-month retrospective study

Introduction: Following dental implant loading, marginal bone loss after one year must be evaluated to check correct maintenance of the bone levels. Objectives: To assess implant treatment success and quantify marginal bone loss 6 and 12 months after loading. Material and method: Sixty-one MIS® implants with a 1.8 mm machined neck were placed in 26 patients. Implant success was based on the criteria of Buser. Radiological controls were made 6 and 12 months after loading, measuring bone loss mesial and distal. Results: Twenty-two patients with 56 implants were included: 32 in the maxilla and 24 in the mandible. Two implants failed in two patients during the osseointegration phase (both in the maxilla), yielding an implant success rate of 96.4%. After 6 months, bone loss was 0.80±1.04 mm mesial and 0.73±1.08 mm distal, while after 12 months bone loss was 0.92±1.02 mesial and 0.87±1.01 distal. Conclusions: Bone loss 6 and 12 months after machined neck implant placement was within the normal ranges described in the literature.
Title: on the Learnability of Counting Functions

We examine the learnability of concepts based on counting functions. A counting function is a generalization of a parity function in which the weighted sum of n inputs is tested for equivalence to some value k modulo N . The concepts we study therefore generalize many commonly studied boolean functions. We first show that disjunctions of counting functions (DOCFs) with modulus N are learnable by equivalence queries and determine the number of queries sufficient and necessary. We show that α(N)n + 1 equivalence queries are sufficient where α(N) = O(logN) is the sum of the exponents in the prime decomposition of N . When counting functions in the disjunction have distinct counting moduli {Ni}, we show that α(lcm(Ni))n + 1 equivalence queries are sufficient. We also give lower bounds on the number of equivalence queries required to learn diagonal DOCFs (and therefore general DOCFs) and provide a matching upper bound in the case of diagonal DOCFs. We then demonstrate how the additional power of membership queries allows improved learning in two different ways: (1) more efficient learning for some classes learnable with equivalence queries only, and (2) learnability of other classes not known to be learnable with equivalence queries only.
The Effect of Corruption on Investment Growth: Evidence from Firms in Latin America, Sub-Saharan Africa, and Transition Countries

Many of the empirical studies that analyze the impact of corruption on investment have three common features: they employ aggregate (country-level) data on investment, corruption is measured at the country-level, and data for countries from several regions are pooled together. This paper uses firm-level data on investment and measures corruption at the firm and country-level, and allows the effect of corruption to vary by region. Our dependent variable is firms’ investment growth and we employ six measures of corruption from four different sources: two firm-level measures and four country-level measures. We find that the effect of corruption on investments varies significantly across regions: corruption has a negative and significant effect on investment growth for firms in Transition countries but has no significant impact for firms in Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa. Furthermore, among the variables included in the regressions (firm size, firm ownership, trade orientation, industry, GDP growth, inflation and openness to trade) corruption is the most important determinant of investment growth for Transition countries.
Adaptive pre-recorded multimedia streaming

Lately, multimedia-related Internet applications have become very popular, and make up an increasing percentage of network traffic. This paper presents a quality-of-transmission-orientated adaptive mechanism for streaming of pre-recorded multimedia content. It aims at maintaining the continuity of both the transmission and the remote stream play-out, at the expense of varying the stream's quality. A feedback scheme, in conjunction with a quality of transmission grading scheme, allows the server to learn the current network conditions. During transmission, the server can switch between different quality versions of the same multimedia content at certain checkpoints to modify the quality of the overall streaming process, and therefore the transferred quantity of data. Preliminary statistical and user perceptual test results from our prototype system show that by using our adaptive mechanism in increased traffic conditions, the users' satisfaction was higher than if a receiver buffering solution was used.
Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections, Israel

We conducted a prospective, nationwide, population-based study of invasive group A streptococcal infections in Israel. We identified 409 patients (median age 27 years; range <1-92), for an annual incidence of 3.7/100,000 (11/100,000 in Jerusalem). The mortality rate was 5%. Bacteremia occurred in 125 cases (31%). The most common illnesses were soft-tissue infection (63%) and primary bacteremia (14%). Thirty percent of patients had no identifiable risk factors for infection. Eighty-seven percent of pharyngeal carriers had the same serotype as the index patient. M types included M3 (25%), M28 (10%), and M-nontypable (33%). A marked paucity of M1 serotype (1.2%) was detected. The results highlighted concentrated pockets of invasive disease in the Jewish orthodox community (annual incidence 16/100,000).
Dynamical masses of the low-mass stellar binary AB Doradus B

Context. AB Doradus is the main system of the AB Doradus moving group. It is a quadruple system formed by two widely separated binaries of pre-main-sequence (PMS) stars: AB Dor A/C and AB Dor Ba/Bb. The pair AB Dor A/C has been extensively studied and its dynamical masses have been determined with high precision, thus making AB Dor C a benchmark for calibrating PMS stellar models. If the orbit and dynamical masses of the pair AB Dor Ba/Bb could be determined, they could play a similar role to that of AB Dor C in calibrating PMS models, and would also help to better understand the dynamics of the whole AB Doradus system. Aims. We aim to determine the individual masses of the pair AB Dor Ba/Bb using VLBI observations and archive infrared data as part of a larger program that monitors binary systems in the AB Doradus moving group. Methods. We observed the system AB Dor B between 2007 and 2013 with the Australian Long Baseline Array (LBA) at a frequency of 8.4 GHz in phase-reference mode. Results. We detected, for the first time, compact radio emission from both stars in the binary, AB Dor Ba and AB Dor Bb. This result allowed us to determine the orbital parameters of both the relative and absolute orbits and, consequently, their individual dynamical masses: 0:28 0:05 M and 0:25 0:05 M , respectively. Conclusions. Comparisons of the dynamical masses with the prediction of PMS evolutionary models show that the models underpredict the dynamical masses of the binary components Ba and Bb by 10‐30% and 10‐40%, respectively, although they still agree at the 2 level. Some of the stellar models considered favor an age between 50 and 100 Myr for this system, while others predict older ages. We also discuss the evolutionary status of AB Dor Ba/Bb in terms of an earlier double-double star scenario that might explain the strong radio emission detected in both components.
Individual Innovation: A Research on Sports Manager Candidates

In this study, it was aimed to determine the level of individual innovation of sports manager candidates. The research is designed according to the relational survey model from the survey models. The sample of study consists of 249 sport manager candidates studying in Gazi University and Ankara University Faculty of Sport Sciences Sports Management Department in 2017–2018 spring semester. In the study, in order to collect data, “the Personal Innovation Scale (PIS)”, which was developed by Hurt, Joseph and Cook (1977) and validated by Kilicer and Odabasi (2010) in accordance with the Turkish literature, was used. In the analysis of the data obtained from the study group, the normality test (Kolmogrow-Smirnow and Skewness-Kurtosis), Independent t-test and One Way Anova tests were used. According to the results of the research, it can be stated that the participants’ levels of individual innovation is at the intermediate level and they are included in the “interrogator” category. The Scores of Participants from the Individual Innovation Level Scale do not include any significant difference in the sub-dimensions of idea leadership, openness to experience, risk taking, resistance to change according to the variables of gender and being a licensed athlete; whereas a significant difference was found in favor of 1st and 2nd grades in terms of openness to experience sub-dimension according to the class level variable, and in favor of participants taking part in sports organizations in terms of the idea leadership sub-dimension according to the variable of taking part in sports organizations.
Power spectrum normalization and the non‐Gaussian halo model

The normalization of the matter power spectrum, σ 8 , is an essential ingredient to predict the phenomenology of the low-redshift Universe. It has been measured using several methods, such as X-ray cluster counts, weak lensing and the cosmic microwave background (CMB), which have yielded values ranging from 0.7 to 1.0. While these differences could be due to systematic effects, they could also be due to physics beyond the standard A cold dark matter (ACDM) model. An obvious possibility is the presence of non-Gaussian initial fluctuations in the density field. To study the impact of non-Gaussianity on each of these methods, we use a generalized halo model to compute cluster counts and the non-linear power spectrum for non-Gaussian models. For the quadratic coupling model, the upper limits on non-Gaussianity from the WMAP CMB experiment correspond to roughly a 4 per cent shift in a 8 as measured from cluster counts and about 2 per cent shift through weak lensing. This is not enough to account for the current internal and mutual discrepancies between the different methods, unless the scale dependence of non-Gaussianity is stronger than that for quadratic coupling. A comparison between future X-ray surveys with a two-fold improvement in cluster mass calibration and future cosmic shear surveys with 400 deg 2 will be required to constrain non-Gaussianity on small scales with a precision matching that of the current CMB constraints on larger scales. Our results argue for the presence of systematics in the current cluster and cosmic shear surveys, or to non-standard physics other than non-Gaussianity.
Adherence with ethinylestradiol 20 μg/drospirenone 3 mg in a flexible extended regimen supported by the use of a digital tablet dispenser with or without acoustic alarm: an open-label, randomized, multicenter study

Objective To evaluate the effect of a digital dispenser’s acoustic alarm function on adherence to ethinylestradiol (EE) 20 μg/drospirenone 3 mg in a flexible extended regimen (EE/drospirenoneFlex) among women in five European countries (France, Germany, Italy, Spain, UK) seeking oral contraception. Study design Randomized, parallel-group open-label study. Methods Women aged 18–35 years received EE/drospirenoneFlex administered in a regimen with cycle lengths of their choice with the aid of a digital pill dispenser over 1 year. In group A (N=250), the dispenser’s acoustic alarm was activated (ie, acoustic alarm + visual reminder). In group B (N=249), the acoustic alarm was deactivated (ie, visual reminder only). In addition, the women recorded pill intake daily in diary cards. The primary efficacy variable was the mean delay of daily pill release after the dispenser reminded the woman to take a pill (reference time). Secondary efficacy variables included number of missed pills, contraceptive efficacy, bleeding pattern, tolerability, and user satisfaction. Results Dispenser data showed a mean (standard deviation [SD]) daily delay in pill release of 88 (126) minutes in group A vs 178 (140) minutes in group B (P<0.0001). Median (lower quartile, Q1; upper quartile, Q3) number of missed pills was 0 (0; 1) in group A vs 4 (1; 9) in group B (P<0.0001). Diary card results revealed similar trends; however, underreporting of missed pills was evident in both groups. No pregnancies were reported during 424 women-years of exposure. Across the two groups, the mean (SD) EE/drospirenoneFlex cycle length was 51.0 (31.8) days with strong regional differences, and the mean (SD) number of bleeding/spotting days was 50.4 (33.0) days. EE/drospirenoneFlex was well tolerated, and 80% of women were satisfied with treatment. Conclusion The dispenser’s activated acoustic alarm improved adherence with daily tablet intake of EE/drospirenoneFlex, reducing missed pills. EE/drospirenoneFlex provided effective contraception and a good tolerability profile.
Sources of Stress among Undergraduate Nursing Students during Clinical Practice: A Malawian Perspective

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore undergraduate nursing students’ perceptions of their clinical learning experience, and the reported findings emerged from narratives of their experience. Design: This was a hermeneutic phenomenological study which took place at a university nursing college in Malawi. Participants for the study were purposively selected from third- and fourth-year undergraduate nursing students and the data were collected through in-depth interviews. A framework developed by modifying Colaizzi’s procedural steps guided the phenomenological analysis. Findings: The study reveals factors which cause stress among undergraduate nursing students during their clinical practice. The following themes emerged from the study: lecturer/nurse interaction with students: stress associated with patient care and stress associated with objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). The lecturer is perceived to significantly induce stress, and this is common when the student perceives that the lecturer’s interaction is in a “policing” manner. The primary stressors associated with patient care include lack of life-saving medication which sometimes leads to death of a patient, taking care of critically ill patients unsupervised, and fear of contracting infections such as HIV and tuberculosis, and death of a patient. Factors associated with stress during OSCE include use of examiners whom students are not familiar with and the conduct of OSCE in the skills lab which has better resources than the clinical settings where students practice. Conclusions: The study reveals sources of stress during nursing students’ clinical practice and its effects on their learning and motivation. Consistent with existing literature, these findings confirm that nursing students experience considerable levels of stress during clinical practice. Recommendations: The study suggests that nursing education can be quite a stressful experience to the learners. It is therefore essential that nurse educators should address the various sources of stress which the study has revealed to enhance students’ clinical learning and provide the student nurses with the needed care.
Role of Shyness and Perceived Social Support in Self-disclosure among University Students

The present study investigated the role of shyness and perceived social support in self-disclosure among university students. It was also intended to examine the moderating role of perceived social support in the relationship between shyness and self-disclosure. Shyness Questionnaire (Henderson and Zimbardo, 2002), Perceived Social Support Scale (Cutrona and Russell, 1990), and Self-Disclosure Scale (Magno, Cuason, and Figueroa, 2008) were used to measure study variables. Sample consisted of 380 university students including both men and women within age range of 18 to 30 years (M = 28.33, SD = 6.51). Results showed that shyness was significantly negatively related with self-disclosure and perceived social support. However, self-disclosure had significant positive relationship with perceived social support. Results further showed that perceived social support moderates the relationship between shyness and self-disclosure. Significant gender differences were found on shyness, perceived social support, and self-disclosure, with male university students reflecting more perceived social support and self-disclosure; while, they were low on shyness as compared to female students. Future implications of the study were also discussed.
Pharmacological approaches to the treatment of complicated grief: rationale and a brief review of the literature

Complicated grief (CG) is a common and often under-acknowledged cause of profound impairment experienced after the loss of a loved one. Although both clinical and basic research suggests that pharmacological agents might be of use in the treatment of CG, research on pharmacological approaches to this condition is still scarce. Three open-label trials and one randomized trial on bereavement-related depression suggest that tricyclic antidepressants may be effective, although they may be more efficacious for depressive symptoms than for grief-specific symptoms. Four open-label trials (total number of participants, 50) of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have yielded results, providing very preliminary support that they might be effective in the treatment of CG, both as a standalone treatment and in conjunction with psychotherapeutic interventions. These more recent studies have shown an effect on both depression and grief-specific scales. Furthermore, therapeutic interventions for CG may be more effective in conjunction with SSRI administration. Given the small number of pharmacological studies to date, there is a need for randomized trials to test the potential efficacy of pharmacological agents in the treatment of CG.