Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human microtubule‐associated protein tau mediates targeted killing of CD30+ lymphoma cells in vitro and inhibits tumour growth in vivo

Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and systemic anaplastic large cell lymphoma (sALCL) are rare lymphoproliferative cancer types. Although most HL patients can be cured by chemo‐ and radio‐therapy, 4–50% of patients relapse and have a poor prognosis. The need for improved therapeutic options for patients with relapsed or refractory disease has been addressed by CD30‐specific antibody‐based immunotherapeutics. However, available CD30‐specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) or chimeric immunotoxins suffer from the requirement of a functional host immunity, undesirable immune reactions or heterogeneity and instability, respectively. Here, we present a new fusion protein comprised of the CD30‐specific antibody single‐chain fragment Ki4(scFv) and the human pro‐apoptotic effector protein, microtubule‐associated protein tau (MAPT). Ki4(scFv)‐MAP selectively induced apoptosis in rapidly proliferating L540cy, L428, and Karpas 299 cells in a dose‐dependent manner. Tubulin polymerization assays confirmed that Ki4(scFv)‐MAP stabilizes microtubules, suggesting a mechanism for its pro‐apoptotic action. Dose‐finding experiments proved that Ki4(scFv)‐MAP is well tolerated in mice compared to the previously reported Ki4(scFv)‐ETA'. Ki4(scFv)‐MAP significantly inhibited growth of subcutaneous L540cy xenograft tumours in mice. Our data present a novel approach for the treatment of CD30+ lymphomas, combining the binding specificity of a target‐specific antibody fragment with the selective cytotoxicity of MAPT towards proliferating lymphoma cells.
Email worm modeling and defense

Email worms constitute one of the major Internet security problems. In this paper, we present an email worm model that accounts for the behaviors of email users by considering email checking time and the probability of opening email attachments. Email worms spread over a logical network defined by email address relationship, which plays an important role in determining the spreading dynamics of an email worm. Our observations suggest that the node degrees of an email network are heavy-tailed distributed. We compare email worm propagation on three topologies: power law, small world and random graph topologies; and then study how the topology affects immunization defense on email worms. The impact of the power law topology on the spread of email worms is mixed: email worms spread more quickly on a power law topology than on a small world topology or a random graph topology, but immunization defense is more effective on a power law topology than on the other two
Development and Validation of a Sensitive Enzymeimmunoassay for Determination of Plasma Metastin in Mithun (Bos frontalis)

Metastin, also known as kisspeptin-10, is a potent stimulator of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons in the central nervous system. Recently, it has been emerged as a key player in the regulation of reproduction in mammals. Blood concentrations of metastin during different physiological stages in bovine species in general and mithun (Bos frontalis) in particular are not available. Lacking of such information may probably be due to non-availability of simple assay procedure to measure the peptide. Therefore, the objective of this study was to develop and validate a simple and sufficiently sensitive enzyme immunoassay (EIA) for metastin determination in mithun plasma using the biotin-streptavidin amplification system and second antibody coating technique. Biotin was coupled to metastin and used to bridge between streptavidin-peroxidase and the immobilized metastin antiserum in the competitive assay. The EIA was conducted directly in 150 μL of unknown mithun plasma. Metastin standards ranging from 0.01–51.2 ng/150 μL/well were prepared in hormone-free plasma. The lowest detection limit was 0.07 ng/mL plasma. Plasma volumes for the EIA, viz., 75, 150, and 200 μL did not influence the shape of standard curve even though a drop in OD450 was seen with higher plasma volumes. A parallelism test was carried out to compare the endogenous mithun metastin with metastin standard used. It showed good parallelism with the metastin standard curve. For the biological validation of the assay, metastin was measured in (a) blood samples collected from 12 pregnant mithun cows during different stages of pregnancy, (b) in blood from seven early pregnant and 12 non-pregnant mithuns, and (c) in follicular fluid obtained from different types of follicle. It was found that the plasma metastin concentrations increased (P < 0.001) from first through last trimester of pregnancy. Plasma metastin levels were much higher (P < 0.001) in early pregnant than non-pregnant cows. Follicular fluid metastin concentrations were found to increase (P < 0.001) as the follicles grow and the highest levels were recorded in preovulatory follicles. In conclusion, a simple, sufficiently sensitive and direct EIA procedure has been developed for the first time to determine metastin levels in mithun. A wide range of metastin concentrations can be detected during different physiological stages in mithun using this metastin-EIA procedure.
Adaptive ROC analysis in Carotid Atherosclerosis Diagnosis for Endarterectomy

Atherosclerosis disease of the carotid is one of the major reasons for stroke and a leading cause for morbidity and mortality. An accurate diagnosis and severity quantification of the disease is therefore needed to prevent symptoms and decide the appropriate treatment. The most important indicator for the risk of symptoms is the Degree of Stenosis (DS). Very recently, a new score was proposed, called Enhanced Activity Index (EAI), which is more complex but more accurate than DS. EAI, however, only takes into account medical information about the patient. In this work, other factors besides the medical ones, e.g., age, gender, expected costs and effects of surgery to the patient, are considered together with EAI in order to improve the information available for the decision making process of endarterectomy. Quality-Adjusted Life Years (QALY), and its respective Incremental Cost-Effectiveness Ratio (ICER), when compared to medical therapy, will be considered. The optimal EAI cut-off for endarterectomy is computed under the Receiver Operating Characteristics (ROC) framework. A Graphical User Interface (GUI) is described to help the medical staff in the decision making process. The optimal decision point is adjusted according to population characteristics, inherent to the ROC curve, patient information and economic aspects. Complementary analysis of medical outputs, in a comparative perspective of different strategy therapies, is assessed and quantified in terms of the life expectancy, QALY and ICER are included in the overall Computer Aided Diagnosis (CAD) tool for endarterectomy decision making purposes. The method is tested with real data acquired at Instituto Cardiovascular de Lisboa and Department of Vascular Surgery, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon. The created tool outputs coincident results to the ones presented in different studies of the bibliography. This preliminary approach to the problem lead to promising results that strongly suggest its application at medical facilities in clinical practice. Nevertheless, it would be interesting to incorporate both the EAI and the economical information in a global index.
Prevalence of HFE C282Y and H63D in Jewish populations and clinical implications of H63D homozygosity

The frequencies of C282Y and H63D mutations of the HFE gene vary between different populations. A previous study showed an unexpectedly high H63D frequency in Chuetas (a population of Jewish descent). The present study addressed the question of the distribution of these mutations in Jewish populations from different origins and studied the possible causes of the high H63D frequency in Chuetas. Moreover, to improve the understanding of the controversial relationship between H63D homozygosity and iron overload, a group of patients with altered iron metabolism were studied. The high frequency of H63D mutation in Chuetas is not due to a high prevalence of this mutation in Sephardic Jews. Jewish populations have low C282Y and moderate H63D frequencies, suggesting slight gene flow from their surrounding populations. In accordance with historical and demographic data, genetic drift is the most probable cause for the singular H63D frequency in Chuetas. Clinically, this study of H63D homozygotes supports the conclusion that this genotype must be taken into account, because it confers an increased risk of iron overload and therefore genetic susceptibility to developing hereditary hemochromatosis or to aggravating other diseases.
Long-Term Variability of Surface Albedo and Its Correlation with Climatic Variables over Antarctica

The cryosphere is an essential part of the earth system for understanding climate change. Components of the cryosphere, such as ice sheets and sea ice, are generally decreasing over time. However, previous studies have indicated differing trends between the Antarctic and the Arctic. The South Pole also shows internal differences in trends. These phenomena indicate the importance of continuous observation of the Polar Regions. Albedo is a main indicator for analyzing Antarctic climate change and is an important variable with regard to the radiation budget because it can provide positive feedback on polar warming and is related to net radiation and atmospheric heating in the mainly snow- and ice-covered Antarctic. Therefore, in this study, we analyzed long-term temporal and spatial variability of albedo and investigated the interrelationships between albedo and climatic variables over Antarctica. We used broadband surface albedo data from the Satellite Application Facility on Climate Monitoring and data for several climatic variables such as temperature and Antarctic oscillation index (AAO) during the period of 1983 to 2009. Time series analysis and correlation analysis were performed through linear regression using albedo and climatic variables. The results of this research indicated that albedo shows two trends, west trend and an east trend, over Antarctica. Most of the western side of Antarctica showed a negative trend of albedo (about −0.0007 to −0.0015 year−1), but the other side showed a positive trend (about 0.0006 year−1). In addition, albedo and surface temperature had a negative correlation, but this relationship was weaker in west Antarctica than in east Antarctica. The correlation between albedo and AAO revealed different relationships in the two regions; west Antarctica had a negative correlation and east Antarctica showed a positive correlation. In addition, the correlation between albedo and AAO was weaker in the west. This suggests that the eastern area is influenced by the atmosphere, but that the western area is influenced more strongly by other factors.
Rigidification of algebras over multi-sorted theories

We define the notion of a multi-sorted algebraic theory, which is a generalization of an algebraic theory in which the objects are of different "sorts. " We prove a rigidification result for simplicial algebras over these theories, showing that there is a Quillen equivalence between a model category structure on the category of strict algebras over a multi-sorted theory and an appropriate model category structure on the category of functors from a multi-sorted theory to the category of simplicial sets. In the latter model structure, the fibrant objects are homotopy algebras over that theory. Our two main examples of strict algebras are operads in the category of simplicial sets and simplicial categories with a given set of objects.
Impact of Alumina Trihydrate and Silica on Mechanical, Thermal and Electrical Properties of Silicone Rubber Composites for High Voltage Insulations

Since 1970s, silicone rubber has been used for outdoor insulation [1]. Due to light weight, unique hydrophobicity, better pollution/contamination performance, easy installation and excellent insulation properties (resistivity>1012 Ohms), SiR composite insulators are broadly employed in High Voltage (HV) transmission and distribution [2]. However, these polymeric materials are affected by various types of environmental and electrical stresses which limit its use as HV insulants [3,4]. Heavy rain, ultraviolet radiation (UV), pollution, dry band arcing, corona discharge, temperature, chemicals, cyclic loads and the moisture penetration plays a significant role in SiR degradation [5]. In addition, the tracking and erosion of polymer insulants due to the dry band arcing is the other main problem which is not yet fully addressed [6]. During service, if the localized surface temperature due to dry-band arcing becomes greater than the insulants safe limit, chemical reaction may takes place, which can lead to material tracking and erosion [7]. In order to enhance mechanical, thermal and tracking properties of pure SiR insulants, making these promising candidates for HV outdoor applications, inorganic particles incorporation in the base material attained focused attention of the researchers. Improvement in the physical and electrical properties, due to incorporation of micro and nano sized particles motivated researchers to try different types as well as sizes of fillers, so as to optimize its performance as insulants [8-11]. Furthermore, inorganic particles build the barrier to avoid surface tracking and hinder the insulator surface erosion as a result of heat produced during dry-band arcing, thus preventing the material degradation [12]. Previously, Fe2O3 [13], Al2O3 [14], carbon black, titanium dioxide, magnesium oxide, calcium carbonate and ZnO etc. were dispersed in SiR matrix and investigated [15-17]. However, these fillers are costly and susceptible to acid attack. ATH and natural silica have also been frequently incorporated into SiR matrix to tweak mechanical, thermal, tracking and erosion resistance Hidayatullah Khan1*, Muhammad Amin2, Ayaz Ahmad1 and Muhammad Yasin3 1Department of Electrical Engineering, Pakistan 2Department of Electrical Engineering, Pakistan 3Department of Electrical Engineering,, Pakistan
SECONDARY MACULAR HOLE FORMATION AFTER VITRECTOMY

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to report the incidence and the underlying ocular pathology of a macular hole (MH) that develops in vitrectomized eyes and to evaluate its prognosis. Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed in patients who underwent vitrectomy between March 2004 and June 2009. Cases that developed an MH in vitrectomized eyes were identified, and the data from all ophthalmology examinations were collected. Patients with recurrent MHs after the initial MH surgery were excluded. Results: We identified 10 cases of secondary MH during a period of 64 months (incidence, 8 of 3,279 [0.24%]). Two cases of secondary MHs were not included in the calculations because the initial vitrectomies were performed before March 2004. The initial vitrectomy was performed on four eyes with vitreous hemorrhage caused by proliferative diabetic retinopathy, three eyes with retinal detachment from high myopia, one eye with combined retinal detachment with uveitis, one eye with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, and one eye with an epiretinal membrane. The macular pathology identified before MH formation included cystoid macular edema in two eyes, epiretinal membrane in four eyes, and no specific lesion in another four eyes. The secondary MHs were managed by additional vitrectomy, peeling of the internal limiting membrane, and intravitreal gas tamponade. Nine of 10 eyes achieved hole closure after the secondary surgery, and 8 eyes recovered their previous visual acuity; the other 2 eyes had visual loss within 2 Snellen chart lines, and none of the 9 patients had a recurrence during a mean follow-up of 20.7 months (range, 4-31 months). Conclusion: The development of secondary MHs after vitrectomy is rare. Pathogenic mechanisms other than idiopathic MH may be involved in these cases. The anatomical and functional outcome of the secondary MHs that developed after vitrectomy was good, although the final visual acuity was dependent on the underlying ocular pathology.
Assessment of Aortic Elasticity in Patients with Celiac Disease

Background and Objectives Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic autoimmune disorder induced by dietary gluten intake by individuals who are genetically sensitive. Many studies report an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases in such patients. The aim of this study is to assess aortic elasticity properties in patients with CD that may be associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Subjects and Methods Eighty-one patients diagnosed with CD by antibody test and biopsy and 63 healthy volunteers were included in this prospective study. Electrocardiographic and echocardiographic examinations were performed. Results The CD group did not have any differences in the conventional echocardiographic parameters compared to the healthy individuals. However, patients in the CD group had an increased aortic stiffness beta index (4.3±2.3 vs. 3.6±1.6, p=0.010), increased pressure strain elastic modulus (33.6±17.0 kPa vs. 28.5±16.7 kPa, p=0.037), decreased aortic distensibility (7.0±3.0×10-6 cm2/dyn vs. 8.2±3.6×10-6 cm2/dyn, p=0.037), and similar aortic strain (17.9±7.7 vs. 16.0±5.5, p=0.070) compared to the control group. Patients with CD were found to have an elevated neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio compared to the control group (2.54±0.63 vs. 2.24±0.63, p=0.012). However, gluten-free diet and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio were not found to be associated with aortic elasticity. Conclusion Patients with CD had increased aortic stiffness and decreased aortic distensibility. Gluten-free diet enabled the patients with CD to have a reduction in the inflammatory parameters whereas the absence of a significant difference in the elastic properties of the aorta may suggest that the risk of cardiovascular disease persists in this patient group despite a gluten-free diet.
Characteristic of abaca (Musa textilis) fiber from Aceh Timur as bioplastic

The aim of this paper is introducing new natural fibers for use as fillers in a polymeric matrix enabling production of cost-effective, biodegradable, and lightweight composites for load carrying structures. Abaca (Musa textilis) fiber, one such kind, is rich in cellulose relatively inexpensive, and abundantly available. In this study, investigations on the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of abaca fiber are carried out, such as the density, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin are determined experimentally. Analysis of the tensile force of the fiber, elongation of the fiber, and water absorption of the fiber in load direction and fiber length are also carried out. The data of chemical and physical analysis showedthe abaca fiber has high cellulose (66.43%), hemicellulose (24.7%), lignin (13.6%) and low water content (0.7%), that results caused the fiber has high value of mechanical property with tensile strength up to 308,7 MPa. The FTIR spectra showed the presence of several functional groups that can be found in lignin, hemicellulose and cellulose. The surface microphotograph showed the fiber has micron size and curled shape. The DSC thermal analysis was performed to determine the thermal property of abaca fiber also to determine its suitability as bioplastic.The aim of this paper is introducing new natural fibers for use as fillers in a polymeric matrix enabling production of cost-effective, biodegradable, and lightweight composites for load carrying structures. Abaca (Musa textilis) fiber, one such kind, is rich in cellulose relatively inexpensive, and abundantly available. In this study, investigations on the physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of abaca fiber are carried out, such as the density, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin are determined experimentally. Analysis of the tensile force of the fiber, elongation of the fiber, and water absorption of the fiber in load direction and fiber length are also carried out. The data of chemical and physical analysis showedthe abaca fiber has high cellulose (66.43%), hemicellulose (24.7%), lignin (13.6%) and low water content (0.7%), that results caused the fiber has high value of mechanical property with tensile strength up to 308,7 MPa. The FTIR spectra showed the presence of several functional group.
Eecient Implementation of the Plan Graph in Stan

Stan is a Graphplan-based planner, so-called because it uses a variety of STate ANalysis techniques to enhance its performance. Stan competed in the AIPS-98 planning competition where it compared well with the other competitors in terms of speed, nding solutions fastest to many of the problems posed. Although the domain analysis techniques Stan exploits are an important factor in its overall performance, we believe that the speed at which Stan solved the competition problems is largely due to the implementation of its plan graph. The implementation is based on two insights: that many of the graph construction operations can be implemented as bit-level logical operations on bit vectors, and that the graph should not be explicitly constructed beyond the x point. This paper describes the implementation of Stan's plan graph and provides experimental results which demonstrate the circumstances under which advantages can be obtained from using this implementation.
Cells in Dengue Virus Infection In Vivo

Dengue has been recognized as one of the most important vector-borne emerging infectious diseases globally. Though dengue normally causes a self-limiting infection, some patients may develop a life-threatening illness, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF)/dengue shock syndrome (DSS). The reason why DHF/DSS occurs in certain individuals is unclear. Studies in the endemic regions suggest that the preexisting antibodies are a risk factor for DHF/DSS. Viremia and thrombocytopenia are the key clinical features of dengue virus infection in patients. The amounts of virus circulating in patients are highly correlated with severe dengue disease, DHF/DSS. Also, the disturbance, mainly a transient depression, of hematological cells is a critical clinical finding in acute dengue patients. However, the cells responsible for the dengue viremia are unresolved in spite of the intensive efforts been made. Dengue virus appears to replicate and proliferate in many adapted cell lines, but these in vitro properties are extremely difficult to be reproduced in primary cells or in vivo. This paper summarizes reports on the permissive cells in vitro and in vivo and suggests a hematological cell lineage for dengue virus infection in vivo, with the hope that a new focus will shed light on further understanding of the complexities of dengue disease.