Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors motivating and affecting health information exchange usage

OBJECTIVE Health information exchange (HIE) is the process of electronically sharing patient-level information between providers. However, where implemented, reports indicate HIE system usage is low. The aim of this study was to determine the factors associated with different types of HIE usage. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of clinical data from emergency room encounters included in an operational HIE effort linked to system user logs using crossed random-intercept logistic regression. MEASUREMENTS Independent variables included factors indicative of information needs. System usage was measured as none, basic usage, or a novel pattern of usage. RESULTS The system was accessed for 2.3% of all encounters (6142 out of 271,305). Novel usage patterns were more likely for more complex patients. The odds of HIE usage were lower in the face of time constraints. In contrast to expectations, system usage was lower when the patient was unfamiliar to the facility. LIMITATIONS Because of differences between HIE efforts and the fact that not all types of HIE usage (ie, public health) could be included in the analysis, results are limited in terms of generalizablity. CONCLUSIONS This study of actual HIE system usage identifies patients and circumstances in which HIE is more likely to be used and factors that are likely to discourage usage. The paper explores the implications of the findings for system redesign, information integration across exchange partners, and for meaningful usage criteria emerging from provisions of the Health Information Technology for Economic & Clinical Health Act.
Collaborative recall in face-to-face and electronic groups

When people remember shared experiences, the amount they recall as a collaborating group is less than the amount obtained by pooling their individual memories. We tested the hypothesis that reduced group productivity can be attributed, at least in part, to content filtering, where information is omitted from group products either because individuals fail to retrieve it or choose to withhold it (self-filtering), or because groups reject or fail to incorporate it (group-filtering). Three-person groups viewed a movie clip together and recalled it, first individually, then in face-to-face or electronic groups, and finally individually again. Although both kinds of groups recalled equal amounts, group-filtering occurred more often face-to-face, while self-filtering occurred more often electronically. This suggests that reduced group productivity is due not only to intrapersonal factors stemming from cognitive interference, but also to interpersonal costs of coordinating the group product. ConverselyFinally, face-to-face group interaction facilitated subsequent individual recall.
Vaccination against δ−Retroviruses: The Bovine Leukemia Virus Paradigm

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) and human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) are closely related δ-retroviruses that induce hematological diseases. HTLV-1 infects about 15 million people worldwide, mainly in subtropical areas. HTLV-1 induces a wide spectrum of diseases (e.g., HTLV-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis) and leukemia/lymphoma (adult T-cell leukemia). Bovine leukemia virus is a major pathogen of cattle, causing important economic losses due to a reduction in production, export limitations and lymphoma-associated death. In the absence of satisfactory treatment for these diseases and besides the prevention of transmission, the best option to reduce the prevalence of δ-retroviruses is vaccination. Here, we provide an overview of the different vaccination strategies in the BLV model and outline key parameters required for vaccine efficacy.
Source Country Characteristics and Immigrants' Migration Duration and Saving Decisions

This paper examines how immigrants' migration duration and saving decisions in the host country respond to the purchasing power parity (ppp) and the wage ratio between the host and source countries. It is shown that in theory immigrants may stay longer in the host country as a result of an increase in ppp, in particular those with a high willingness to substitute consumption intertemporally. However, the empirical results from immigrants in Germany reveal that optimal migration duration decreases in ppp. Holding individual immigrant characteristics constant, immigrants from poorer source countries have shorter migration duration than immigrants from wealthier source countries. The empirical results also reveal that saving rate increases in ppp.
Myricetin-Mediated Lifespan Extension in Caenorhabditis elegans Is Modulated by DAF-16

Myricetin is a naturally occurring flavonol found in many plant based food sources. It increases the lifespan of Caenorhabditis elegans, but the molecular mechanisms are not yet fully understood. We have investigated the impact of this flavonoid on the transcription factors DAF-16 (C. elegans FoxO homologue) and SKN-1 (Nrf2 homologue), which have crucial functions in the regulation of ageing. Myricetin is rapidly assimilated by the nematode, causes a nuclear translocation of DAF-16 but not of SKN-1, and finally prolongs the mean adult lifespan of C. elegans by 32.9%. The lifespan prolongation was associated with a decrease in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) detected by DCF. Myricetin also decreases the formation of lipofuscin, a pigment consisting of highly oxidized and cross-linked proteins that is considered as a biomarker of ageing in diverse species. The lifespan extension was completely abolished in a daf-16 loss-of-function mutant strain (CF1038). Consistently with this result, myricetin was also not able to diminish stress-induced ROS accumulation in the mutant. These results strongly indicate that the pro-longevity effect of myricetin is dependent on DAF-16 and not on direct anti-oxidative effects of the flavonoid.
Effect of Posterior Femoral Condylar Offset and Posterior Tibial Slope on Maximal Flexion Angle of the Knee in Posterior Cruciate Ligament Sacrificing Total Knee Arthroplasty

Purpose To evaluate the effect of femoral condylar offset and posterior tibial slope on maximal flexion angle of the knee in posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)-sacrificing total knee arthroplasty (TKA, Medial-Pivot Knee System). Materials and Methods Forty-five knees in 35 patients who could be followed up more than 1 year after PCL-sacrificing TKA were evaluated retrospectively. We measured and analyzed the preoperative and postoperative maximal flexion angle, posterior femoral condylar offset difference, posterior femoral condylar offset ratio difference, and tibial slope. Results The mean maximal flexion angle after TKA was 118.44°±9.8° and significantly related to postoperative tibial slope (11.78°±6.2°) in correlation analysis (R=0.451, p=0.002). There was no statistical relationship between the postoperative maximal flexion angle and the posterior femoral condylar offset difference (3.24±3.862 mm, R=0.105, p=0.493) and posterior femoral condylar offset ratio difference (0.039±0.029 mm, R=-0.163, p=0.284). Conclusions The maximal flexion angle of the knee after PCL-sacrificing TKA was significantly related to the postoperative tibial slope. Therefore, posterior tibial slope can be considered as a factor that affects maximal flexion angle after PCL-sacrificing TKA.
Conditional logistic analysis of case-control studies with complex sampling.

Methods for the analysis of unmatched case-control data based on a finite population sampling model are developed. Under this model, and the prospective logistic model for disease probabilities, a likelihood for case-control data that accommodates very general sampling of controls is derived. This likelihood has the form of a weighted conditional logistic likelihood. The flexibility of the methods is illustrated by providing a number of control sampling designs and a general scheme for their analyses. These include frequency matching, counter-matching, case-base, randomized recruitment, and quota sampling. A study of risk factors for childhood asthma illustrates an application of the counter-matching design. Some asymptotic efficiency results are presented and computational methods discussed. Further, it is shown that a 'marginal' likelihood provides a link to unconditional logistic methods. The methods are examined in a simulation study that compares frequency and counter-matching using conditional and unconditional logistic analyses and indicate that the conditional logistic likelihood has superior efficiency. Extensions that accommodate sampling of cases and multistage designs are presented. Finally, we compare the analysis methods presented here to other approaches, compare counter-matching and two-stage designs, and suggest areas for further research.To whom correspondence should be addressed.
RADIO PROPERTIES OF LOW-REDSHIFT BROAD LINE ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI

The question as to whether the distribution of radio loudness in active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is actually bimodal has been discussed extensively in the literature. Furthermore, there have been claims that radio loudness depends on black hole mass (MBH) and Eddington ratio (Lbol/LEdd). We investigate these claims using the low-redshift broad line AGN sample of Greene & Ho, which consists of 8434 objects at z < 0.35 from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Fourth Data Release (SDSS DR4). We obtained radio fluxes from the Very Large Array Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-centimeters (FIRST) survey for the SDSS AGN. Out of the 8434 SDSS AGNs, 821 have corresponding observed radio fluxes in the FIRST survey. We calculated the radio-loudness parameter () for all objects above the FIRST detection limit (1 mJy), and an upper limit to for the undetected objects. Using these data, the question of radio bimodality is investigated for different subsets of the total sample. We find no clear demarcation between the radio loud (RL; > 10) and radio quiet ( < 10) objects, but instead fill in a more radio-intermediate population in a continuous fashion for all subsamples. We find that 4.7% of the AGNs in the flux-limited subsample are RL based on core radio emission alone. We calculate the radio-loud fraction (RLF) as both a function of MBH and Lbol/LEdd. The RLF decreases (from 13% to 2%) as Lbol/LEdd increases over 2.5 orders of magnitude. The RLF is nearly constant (∼5%) over four decades in MBH, except for an increase at MBH > 108 M☉. We find for the FIRST detected subsample that 367 of the RL AGNs have MBH < 108 M☉, a large enough number to indicate that RL AGNs are not a product of only the most massive black holes in the local universe.
The dynamics of eccentric accretion discs in superhump systems

We have applied an eccentric accretion disc theory in simplified form to the case of an accretion disc in a binary system, where the disc contains the 3:1 Lindblad resonance. This is relevant to the case of superhumps in SU Ursae Majoris cataclysmic variables and other systems, where it is thought that this resonance leads to growth of eccentricity and a modulation in the light curve due to the interaction of a precessing eccentric disc with tidal stresses. A single differential equation is formulated which describes the propagation, resonant excitation and viscous damping of eccentricity. The theory is first worked out in the simple case of a narrow ring and leads to the conclusion that the eccentricity distribution is locally suppressed by the presence of the resonance, creating a dip in the eccentricity at the resonant radius. Application of this theory to the superhump case confirms this conclusion and produces a more accurate expression for the precession rate of the disc than has been previously accomplished with simple dynamical estimates.
Pregel Algorithms for Graph Connectivity Problems with Performance Guarantees

Graphs in real life applications are often huge, such as the Web graph and various social networks. These massive graphs are often stored and processed in distributed sites. In this paper, we study graph algorithms that adopt Google's Pregel, an iterative vertex-centric framework for graph processing in the Cloud. We first identify a set of desirable properties of an efficient Pregel algorithm, such as linear space, communication and computation cost per iteration, and logarithmic number of iterations. We define such an algorithm as a practical Pregel algorithm (PPA). We then propose PPAs for computing connected components (CCs), biconnected components (BCCs) and strongly connected components (SCCs). The PPAs for computing BCCs and SCCs use the PPAs of many fundamental graph problems as building blocks, which are of interest by themselves. Extensive experiments over large real graphs verified the efficiency of our algorithms.
Can headache impair intellectual abilities in children? An observational study

Background The purpose of this study was to assess the cognitive functioning of children affected by headache, pinpointing the differences in intelligence style between subjects affected by migraine without aura and subjects with tension-type headache. Methods The study population consisted of 147 children (mean age 10.82 ± 2.17 years) with headache, recruited from the Headache Center for Developmental Age, Child and Adolescent Neuropsychiatry Clinic, Second University of Naples. Cognitive profiling was performed using Weschler Intelligence Scale for Children Third Edition throughout the sample. According to the International Classification of Headache Disorders II criteria for pediatric age, subjects were divided into a migraine without aura group (n = 75; 43 boys, 32 girls) and a tension-type headache group (n = 72; 49 boys, 23 girls). The results were compared with the findings obtained from a sample of 137 healthy control subjects recruited from schools in the Campania region, matched for age and gender. Results No difference in full intelligence quotient was found between the groups, but the children with tension-type headache had a lower verbal intelligence quotient and a higher performance intelligence quotient than the healthy controls and children with migraine. Factor analysis data showed that the children with migraine seemed to have lower perceptual organization than the children affected by tension-type headache. Conclusion To our knowledge, studies on cognitive functioning in children affected by headache in the interictal phase are scarce, and our results suggest a new perspective in understanding of the neuropsychological aspects of young patients affected by headaches.
Design of Fractional Order PI controller for liquid level control of spherical tank modeled as Fractional Order System

In this paper, Fractional Order Proportional Integral (FOPI) controller is designed for a liquid level control in a spherical tank which is modeled as a Fractional Order System (FOS). The performance of FOPI controller is compared with the traditional Integer Order PID (IOPID) controller designed for the same spherical tank which is modeled as a First Order Plus Dead Time (FOPDT) system in simulation and with the Integer Order PI (IOPI) controller in experimental setup. The FOPI controller is designed following a set of imposed tuning constraints, which can guarantee the desired control performance and the robustness to the loop gain variations. This design scheme offers a practical and systematic way of the controllers design for the considered class of fractional order plant. The integer order controller is tuned based on Ziegler-Nichols (ZN) tuning method. From the simulation and experimental results presented, it is observed that the designed fractional order controller works efficiently, with improved performance comparing with the integer order controller.
Multi-step Reinforcement Learning: A Unifying Algorithm

Unifying seemingly disparate algorithmic ideas to produce better performing algorithms has been a longstanding goal in reinforcement learning. As a primary example, TD(λ) elegantly unifies one-step TD prediction with Monte Carlo methods through the use of eligibility traces and the trace-decay parameter. Currently, there are a multitude of algorithms that can be used to perform TD control, including Sarsa, Q-learning, and Expected Sarsa. These methods are often studied in the one-step case, but they can be extended across multiple time steps to achieve better performance. Each of these algorithms is seemingly distinct, and no one dominates the others for all problems. In this paper, we study a new multi-step action-value algorithm called Q(σ) that unifies and generalizes these existing algorithms, while subsuming them as special cases. A new parameter, σ, is introduced to allow the degree of sampling performed by the algorithm at each step during its backup to be continuously varied, with Sarsa existing at one extreme (full sampling), and Expected Sarsa existing at the other (pure expectation). Q(σ) is generally applicable to both on- and off-policy learning, but in this work we focus on experiments in the on-policy case. Our results show that an intermediate value of σ, which results in a mixture of the existing algorithms, performs better than either extreme. The mixture can also be varied dynamically which can result in even greater performance.
Load balancing using work-stealing for pipeline parallelism in emerging applications

Parallel programming is a requirement in the multi-core era. One of the most promising techniques to make parallel programming available for general users is the use of parallel programming patterns. Functional pipeline parallelism is a well suited pattern for many emerging applications, such as streaming and "Recognition, Mining and Synthesis" (RMS) workloads. In this paper we develop an analytical model for pipeline parallelism and use it to characterize and optimize two of the PARSEC benchmarks which use the parallel pipeline pattern, ferret and dedup. We identify two scalability limitations: load imbalance and I/O bottlenecks. We address load imbalance using two techniques: parallel pipeline stage collapsing and dynamic scheduling. We implemented these optimizations using Pthreads and the Threading Building Blocks (TBB) libraries. We compare predicted and measured performance of all these implementations on a large scale SMP machine and we note that the work-stealing TBB implementation outperforms all other variants.
Gaps in the Theory and Practice of Islamic Economics

After a generation of non-professional writers in Islamic economics, professional economists entered the stage with an important ambition, which has been to introduce a third alternative to humanity in addition to capitalism and socialism that would answer some of the inadequacies of each. Moreover, the analysis of human (individual and collective) behavior towards scarcity under the teachings of Islam was itself worth pursuing. The intellectual effort is yet to produce significant practices of Islamic economics. The exceptions include some application of Islamic finance that raises many questions, and a few applications of zak? h and awqaf. The most serious challenge of Islamic finance is the rise of products of ill repute that result from determined refusal to adhere to the decisions of the International Islamic Fiqh Academy. This paper identifies several gaps in Islamic economics and proposes ways to fill them, placing such responsibility squarely on Islamic economists. بعد جيل من كتابات غير المحترفين والمتخصصين في الاقتصاد الإسلامي، دخل الاقتصاديون المسلمون المحترفون مجال الكتابة في هذا الحقل بغرض تقديم بديل ثالث للإنسانية جنبا إلى جنب مع الرأسمالية والاشتراكية، مع تقديم إجابات مناسبة في المجال الاقتصادي عجزت تلك النظم عن الإجابة عنها. علاوة على ذلك فقد كان التحليل الاقتصادي الإسلامي للسلوك الإنساني (فردا كان أم جماعة) إزاء ظاهرة الندرة أمرا يستحق النقاش والتحليل. إن الجهود العقلية التي بذلت لحد الآن لا تزال بحاجة إلى تقديم نماذج تطبيقية ذات أثر. الاستثناء في هذا المضمار تمثل في تطبيق التمويل الإسلامي الذي تحوم حوله العديد من التساؤلات، وبعض التطبيقات المحدودة في مجالي الزكاة والأوقاف. إن التحدي الاكبر الذي يواجه التمويل الإسلامي يتمثل في طغيان المنتجات سيئة السمعة، بعدم الانصياع لقرارات مجمع الفقه الإسلامي الدولي الذي رفض هذه المنتجات. تحدد الورقة عددا من الفجوات في الاقتصاد الإسلامي، وتقترح بعض الحلول لردمها مع التأكيد على المسؤولية الرئيسة الملقاة على عاتق الاقتصاديين المسلمين في هذا المضمار.
Diversity of the Killer Cell Ig-Like Receptors of Rhesus Monkeys1 2

Because the killer cell Ig-like receptors (KIRs) have only been characterized in humans and chimpanzees, we do not have a full understanding of their evolutionary history. Therefore, cDNAs encoding the KIR molecules of five rhesus monkeys were characterized, and were found to differ from the KIR molecules identified in humans and chimpanzees. Whereas only one KIR2DL4 molecule is detected in humans and chimpanzees, two distinct KIR2DL4 homologues were identified in the monkeys. Although the two human KIR3DL molecules are limited in their polymorphism, the KIR3DL homologues in the monkeys were highly polymorphic. Up to five KIR3DL homologues were identified in each monkey that was studied, and eleven distinct KIR3DL molecules were detected in the five rhesus monkeys. Two novel families of KIR molecules were identified in the rhesus monkeys, KIR3DH and KIR1D. The KIR3DH molecules have three Ig domains, transmembrane domains homologous to KIR2DL4 molecules that contain an arginine, and short cytoplasmic domains. With these features, the KIR3DH molecules resemble the activating forms of the human KIR molecules. The KIR1D molecule encodes only one complete Ig domain before a frame-shift in the second Ig domain occurs, leading to early termination of the molecule. Multiple splice variants of KIR1D exist that encode at least one Ig domain, as well as transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains. The extensive diversity of the rhesus monkey KIR3DL homologues and the novel KIR3DH and KIR1D molecules suggests that the KIR family of molecules has evolved rapidly during the evolution of primates.
Circadian RNA expression elicited by 3’-UTR IRAlu-paraspeckle associated elements

Paraspeckles are nuclear bodies form around the long non-coding RNA, Neat1, and RNA-binding proteins. While their role is not fully understood, they are believed to control gene expression at a post-transcriptional level by means of the nuclear retention of mRNA containing in their 3’-UTR inverted repeats of Alu sequences (IRAlu). In this study, we found that, in pituitary cells, all components of paraspeckles including four major proteins and Neat1 displayed a circadian expression pattern. Furthermore the insertion of IRAlu at the 3’-UTR of the EGFP cDNA led to a rhythmic circadian nuclear retention of the egfp mRNA that was lost when paraspeckles were disrupted whereas insertion of a single antisense Alu had only a weak effect. Using real-time video-microscopy, these IRAlu were further shown to drive a circadian expression of EGFP protein. This study shows that paraspeckles, thanks to their circadian expression, control circadian gene expression at a post-transcriptional level. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.14837. 001
Characterisation and identi cation of non-native French accents

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Characterisation and identi cation of non-native French accents Bianca Vieru, Philippe Boula de Mareüil, Martine Adda-Decker