Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Title : TODE : An Ontology-Based Model for the Dynamic Population of Web Directories Authors

In this paper we study how we can organize the continuously proliferating Web content into topical categories, also known as Web directories. In this respect, we have implemented a system, named TODE that uses a Topical Ontology for Directories' Editing. First, we describe the process for building our ontology of Web topics, which are treated in TODE as directories' topics. Then, we present how TODE interacts with the ontology in order to categorize Web pages into the ontology's topics and we experimentally study our system's efficiency in grouping Web pages thematically. We evaluate TODE's performance by comparing its resulting categorization for a number of pages to the categorization the same pages display in Google Directory as well as to the categorizations delivered for the same set of pages and topics by a Bayesian classifier. Results indicate that our model has a noticeable potential in reducing the human-effort overheads associated with populating Web directories. Furthermore, experimental results imply that the use of a rich topical ontology increases significantly classification accuracy for dynamic contents .
Instrumenting the Dynamic Web

One of the most critical driving forces in the evolution of interfaces on the Internet has been the logging built into common Web servers and the decade-long deployment of analytics based upon this data source. Page-view logging has slowly moved to callback systems using client-side scripting to capture more aspects of the user experience. With the rise of JavaScript-based client-side interactivity and, more recently, asynchronous Javascript and XML (AJAX), server-side logging is less able to capture the user experience of Web sites and applications that are rising in complexity. We present a new technique for the in-page logging of interaction events that will help interaction designers make more informed design decisions based on how users are interacting with their systems. The potential benefit of our technique is demonstrated in a case study with a working system.
Monocytic‐endothelial cell interaction: regulation of prostanoid synthesis in human coculture

Coculture of a monocytic cell line (HL‐60) and iliacal endothelial cells as an in vitro model of vascular inflammation was investigated for cooperative regulatory mechanisms of prostanoid synthesis under conditions of selective prestimulation. In coculture of endothelial cells and 12‐O‐tetradecanoylphorbol 13‐acetate (TPA) ‐prestimulated monocytic HL‐60 cells the capacity of prostanoid synthesis from arachidonic acid was strongly increased compared with monocultures. Concomitant with upregulation of specific adhesion molecules, cyclooxygenase (COX) 2 mRNA was induced in endothelial cells in coculture independent of cell contact. HL‐60 cells exhibited no alterations in mRNA expression of cyclooxygenases or thromboxane synthase. Coculture of TPA‐prestimulated endothelial cells with unstimulated HL‐60 cells led to a selectively increased capacity of thromboxane production. Under this condition HL‐60 cells upregulated COX1 and COX2 mRNA, whereas endothelial mRNA levels did not change. Our data demonstrate that the increase in prostanoid synthesis in coculture essentially depends on rapid induction of COX2 mRNA within 2 h. J. Leukoc. Biol. 61: 679–688; 1997.
Joint segmentation, calling, and normalization of multiple CGH profiles.

The statistical analysis of array comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) data has now shifted to the joint assessment of copy number variations at the cohort level. Considering multiple profiles gives the opportunity to correct for systematic biases observed on single profiles, such as probe GC content or the so-called "wave effect. " In this article, we extend the segmentation model developed in the univariate case to the joint analysis of multiple CGH profiles. Our contribution is multiple: we propose an integrated model to perform joint segmentation, normalization, and calling for multiple array CGH profiles. This model shows great flexibility, especially in the modeling of the wave effect that gives a likelihood framework to approaches proposed by others. We propose a new dynamic programming algorithm for break point positioning, as well as a model selection criterion based on a modified bayesian information criterion proposed in the univariate case. The performance of our method is assessed using simulated and real data sets. Our method is implemented in the R package cghseg.
Adaptive impulse detection using center-weighted median filters

Previous median-based impulse detection strategies tend to work well for fixed-valued impulses but poorly for random-valued impulse noise, or vice versa. This letter devises a novel adaptive operator, which forms estimates based on the differences between the current pixel and the outputs of center-weighted median (CWM) filters with varied center weights. Extensive simulations show that the proposed scheme consistently works well in suppressing both types of impulses with different noise ratios.
Effect of strong correlations on the high energy anomaly in hole- and electron-doped high-Tc superconductors

Recently, angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) has been used to highlight an anomalously large band renormalization at high binding energies in cuprate superconductors: the high energy ‘waterfall’ or high energy anomaly (HEA). This paper demonstrates, using a combination of new ARPES measurements and quantum Monte Carlo simulations, that the HEA is not simply the by-product of matrix element effects, but rather represents a cross-over from a quasi-particle band at low binding energies near the Fermi level to valence bands at higher binding energy, assumed to be of strong oxygen character, in both hole- and electron-doped cuprates. While photoemission matrix elements clearly play a role in changing the aesthetic appearance of the band dispersion, i.e. the ‘waterfall’-like behavior, they provide an inadequate description for the physics that underlies the strong band renormalization giving rise to the HEA. Model calculations of the single-band Hubbard Hamiltonian showcase the role played by correlations in the formation of the HEA and uncover significant differences in the HEA energy scale for hole- and electron-doped cuprates. In addition, this approach properly captures the transfer of spectral weight accompanying both hole and electron doping in a correlated material and provides a unifying description of the HEA across both sides of the cuprate phase diagram.
Do Zoos and Aquariums Promote Attitude Change in Visitors? A Critical Evaluation of the American Zoo and Aquarium Study

Modern-day zoos and aquariums market themselves as places of education and conservation. A recent study conducted by the American Zoo and Aquarium Association (AZA) (Falk et al., 2007) is being widely heralded as the first direct evidence that visits to zoos and aquariums produce long-term positive effects on people’s attitudes toward other animals. In this paper, we address whether this conclusion is warranted by analyzing the study’s methodological soundness. We conclude that Falk et al. (2007) contains at least six major threats to methodological validity that undermine the authors’ conclusions. There remains no compelling evidence for the claim that zoos and aquariums promote attitude change, education, or interest in conservation in visitors, although further investigation of this possibility using methodologically sophisticated designs is warranted.
Human autoantibodies against a desmosomal core protein in pemphigus foliaceus

Pemphigus foliaceus (PF) is a human autoimmune disease in which antibodies are directed against the cell surface of epidermal cells with resultant blister formation. The histopathology of these blisters indicates that cells have detached from each other, and electron microscopy of early blisters shows diminished numbers, to complete loss, of desmosomes as well as abnormalities of the tonofilament- desmosome complex. In this study we demonstrate that autoantibodies from certain PF patients bind to a desmosomal core glycoprotein called desmoglein (DG) I. Proteins in extracts of normal human epidermis were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), then transferred to nitrocellulose or 2- aminophenylthioether paper for immunoperoxidase staining. Results of these immunoblots indicated that sera from 6 of 13 PF patients specifically and intensely stained an approximately 160,000 mol wt polypeptide, "PF antigen". Such staining was not seen with normal human sera or sera from patients with pemphigus vulgaris or bullous pemphigoid, two autoimmune blistering skin diseases that are clinically, histologically, and immunochemically distinct from PF. However, rabbit antiserum directed against DGI, that was isolated from bovine muzzle desmosomes, stained a polypeptide band which co-migrated with PF antigen. Furthermore, when proteins from extracts of normal human epidermis were electrophoresed in two dimensions (isoelectric focusing, then SDS-PAGE) before transfer to nitrocellulose for immunoperoxidase staining, PF antibodies and antibodies to DGI stained identical spots. Finally, PF sera as well as PF IgG that was affinity purified with PF antigen from normal human epidermis, both selectively bound to DGI extracted from bovine muzzle desmosomes. These studies demonstrate that the human autoantibodies from certain patients with PF, a disease of epidermal cell adhesion, are directed against a desmosomal core protein.
A Novel Feature Matching Strategy for Large Scale Image Retrieval

Feature-to-feature matching is the key issue in the Bag-of-Features model. The baseline approach employs a coarse feature-to-feature matching, namely, two descriptors are assumed to match if they are assigned the same quantization index. However, this Hard Assignment strategy usually incurs undesirable low precision. To fix it, Multiple Assignment and Soft Assignment are proposed. These two methods reduce the quantization error to some extent, but there are still a lot of room for improvement. To further improve retrieval precision, in this paper, we propose a novel feature matching strategy, called local-restricted Soft Assignment (lrSA), in which a new feature matching function is introduced. The lrSA strategy is evaluated through extensive experiments on five benchmark datasets. Experiments show that the results exceed the retrieval performance of current quantization methods on these datasets. Combined with post-processing steps, we have achieved competitive results compared with the state-of-the-art methods. Overall, our strategy shows notable benefit for retrieval with large vocabularies and dataset size.
PHYSICAL CONDITIONS IN THE LOW-IONIZATION COMPONENT OF STARBURST OUTFLOWS: THE SHAPE OF NEAR-ULTRAVIOLET AND OPTICAL ABSORPTION-LINE TROUGHS IN KECK SPECTRA OF ULIRGs

We analyze the physical conditions in the low-ionization component of starburst outflows (in contrast to the high-ionization wind fluid observed in X-rays), based on new Keck/LRIS spectroscopy of partially resolved absorption troughs in near-ultraviolet and optical spectra of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies. The large velocity width and blueshift present in seven atomic transitions indicate a macroscopic velocity gradient within the outflowing gas. The separation of the Mg ii 2796, 2803 (and Fe ii 2587, 2600) doublet lines in these data constrains the gas kinematics better than previous studies of the heavily blended Na i 5892, 5898 doublet. The identical shape of the Mg ii 2796 absorption troughs to that of the normally weaker transition at 2803 Å (after accounting for emission filling) requires both transitions be optically thick at all outflow velocities. The fraction of the galactic continuum covered by the outflow at each velocity therefore dictates the shape of these absorption troughs. We suggest that the velocity offset of the deepest part of the troughs, where the covering factor of low-ionization gas is near unity, reflects the speed of a shell of swept-up, interstellar gas at the time of blowout. In a spherical outflow, we show that the fragments of this shell, or any clouds that expand adiabatically in rough pressure equilibrium with the hot wind, expand slowly relative to the geometrical dilution, and the covering fraction of low-ionization gas decreases with increasing radius. Our measurement of a covering factor that decreases with increasing velocity can therefore be interpreted as evidence that the low-ionization outflow is accelerating, i.e., absorption at higher velocity comes from gas at larger radii. We also present measurements of Cf(v) in four species, place an upper limit of ne ≲ 3000 cm−3 on the density of the outflowing gas, and discuss lower limits on the mass outflow rate.
Stackelberg in the Lab: The Eect of Group Decision Making and Deliberation Periods

The Stackelberg duopoly is a fundamental model of sequential output competition. The equilibrium outcome of the model results in …rst mover advantage where the …rst-moving …rm produces more output, and earns larger pro…ts, relative to the second-moving …rm. Huck, Muller, and Normann (2001) and Huck and Wallace (2002) test the Stackelberg duopoly in a lab setting and …nd behavior that is largely inconsistent with the equilibrium predictions of the model.
A Classroom Exercise: Voting by Ballots and Feet

This classroom experiment illustrates the efficiency-enhancing property of a Tiebout system in which local public goods decisions are determined by a political process. Students are given playing cards that induce diverse preferences for expenditures on alternative public goods and are initially assigned to specific communities. Then those in each community vote on the type and level of public goods provision, which determine the tax cost. After the provision and tax results are announced, students are free to move to a location where the prior results are more consistent with their preferences. This process continues for several rounds, with a new vote taken at each location after moves have been made. The exercise demonstrates that the combination of voting with feet and ballots tends to increase the total net benefit for all communities. The voting on provision levels is structured to facilitate a discussion of the median voter theorem.
Endoscopic-Laparoscopic Cholecystolithotomy in Treatment of Cholecystolithiasis Compared With Traditional Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

The study aimed to compare the application values of endoscopic-laparoscopic cholecystolithotomy (ELC) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) for patients with cholecystolithiasis. It did a retrospective analysis of 107 patients with cholecystolithiasis who underwent ELC and 144 patients with cholecystolithiasis who underwent LC. There is no significant difference in operating time and expenses when comparing ELC with LC (P>0.05). ELC showed significantly less blood loss during operation compared with LC (P<0.01). Shortened exhaust time (P<0.05) and hospital stay (P<0.01) were present in patients who underwent ELC. Moreover, ELC showed decreased occurrence rate of dyspepsia and diarrhea in comparison with LC (P<0.01). The stone recurrence rate of ELC was 16.67%. ELC decreased the recurrence of stone in common bile duct in comparison with LC. The contractile function of gallbladder was close to normal (P<0.05), and the thickness of gallbladder wall significantly decreased (P<0.001). Patients who underwent ELC showed less digestive symptom, good recovery, and low stone recurrence compared with those who underwent LC.
Estimating Total Factor Productivity of Agricultural Sector Based on Firm-Level Accounting Data

In this paper, we present a method to estimatethe productivity development of the Czech agricultural sector. While traditional productivity measures are based on macroeconomic data, we use individual accounting data of firms and determine the productivity development using the Fisher total factor productivity index. The results suggest that the development of agricultural sector is not highly sensitive to the overall economic development, which corresponds to the fact that agriculture depends more on the changing natural conditions and foreign demand. Key-Words: Total Factor Productivity, Agriculture, Productivity, Index Analysis, Accounting
A Term Weighting Approach with Subjective Logic Reasoning for Text Categorization

A new term weighting approach is used to construct the simplest linear weighting classifier (SL). By probability standard deviation of terms as a base line weighting regulated with terms distributed parameters based on subjective logic reasoning, the weighting is computed. In the assessment process of terms distributed parameters, the model of the term reputation in documents categories based on Beta probability density function has been discussed. Some problems, such as parameters overfitting, documents length, documents number of categories, term selection etc., also have been considered. Experiments with 20Newsgroup, Fudan-Chinese, Reuters-21578 reported in the paper shows that SL generally outperformed traditional classifiers. Keywordstext categorization; text classification; Subjective Logic
The length of elements in free solvable groups

We examine the relationship between the complexity of the word problem for a presentation and the complexity of the problem of determining the length of a shortest word equivalent to s given word. Our main result is that the length of the element represented by a word in a free solvable group can be determined in polynomial time. Let I = (XJR) be a group presentation. Let f be free on X, let N be the normal closure of R in F, and let G F/N be the group presented by 9? A word over X is a finite string of symbols x and x-I (x E X). The length of a word w is the length of w regarded as a string. Clearly, each word over X represents a unique element of G. The length of an element g E G is defined to be the number of symbols in any shortest word representing g . Let F be the Cayley graph of G with respect to the presentation 3o; that is, ' is the graph with vertex set G and (directed) edge set E = G x X, where the edge e = (g, x) goes from g to gx. We call g the initial vertex of e, denoted i(e), and gx its terminal vertex, denoted r(e). The generator x is called the label of e. The length of a group element g is then the distance (under the graph metric) from 1 to g in W. The Word Problem f(3) for a presentation 3Y asks for an algorithm which decides, given any word w over X, whether w represents the identity of G, and its Length Problem 5(3Y) asks for an algorithm which determines, given such a word w, what the length of the corresponding group element is. It is clear that 7 = >(So) is solvable if and only if Y = Y(39) is; if Y is solvable, then W' is, as well, since the identity is the only element of length 0. In fact, W' is no more complex than S . On the other hand, if 7 is solvable, then so is Y; given a word w, one can construct, one after another, the spheres of the Cayley graph of G. Each time a new element e is constructed, one can solve 7' for e-'w. Since, in general, the number of elements of a given length in a group is an exponential function of the length, this solution of 5 may be exponentially more complex than the solution of In fact, the following (metabelian) example of Parry [4] shows that it is possible for a presentation to have a word problem which is solvable in polynomial time and a length problem which is XA3-complete. Received by the editors January 20, 1992. 1991 Mathematics Subject Classification. Primary 20F10. 1993 American Mathematical Society 0002-9939/93 $1.00 + $. 25 per page
Orthogonal STBC in General Nakagami-m Fading Channels: BER Analysis and Optimal Power Allocation

We analyze the performance of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems employing orthogonal space-time block codes (STBC) in general Nakagami-m fading channels with channel coefficients having not necessarily identical fading parameters and average power gains. First, we derive an exact analytical closed-form expression for the average bit error rate (BER) of M-ary quadrature amplitude modulation. Then, we determine asymptotically tight high and low SNR approximations of the exact BER expression and we quantify the coding gain and diversity order of our system as a function of the channel parameters. Finally, we derive the optimal power allocation strategies for the high and the low SNR regime, assuming that statistical channel knowledge is available at the transmitter-side, and we determine the performance improvement that can be achieved this way compared to uniform power allocation.
The Use of Functional Chemical-Protein Associations to Identify Multi-Pathway Renoprotectants

Typically, most nephropathies can be categorized as complex human diseases in which the cumulative effect of multiple minor genes, combined with environmental and lifestyle factors, determines the disease phenotype. Thus, multi-target drugs would be more likely to facilitate comprehensive renoprotection than single-target agents. In this study, functional chemical-protein association analysis was performed to retrieve multi-target drugs of high pathway wideness from the STITCH 3.1 database. Pathway wideness of a drug evaluated the efficiency of regulation of Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways in quantity. We identified nine experimentally validated renoprotectants that exerted remarkable impact on KEGG pathways by targeting a limited number of proteins. We selected curcumin as an illustrative compound to display the advantage of multi-pathway drugs on renoprotection. We compared curcumin with hemin, an agonist of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), which significantly affects only one KEGG pathway, porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism (adjusted p = 1.5×10−5). At the same concentration (10 µM), both curcumin and hemin equivalently mitigated oxidative stress in H2O2-treated glomerular mesangial cells. The benefit of using hemin was derived from its agonistic effect on HO-1, providing relief from oxidative stress. Selective inhibition of HO-1 completely blocked the action of hemin but not that of curcumin, suggesting simultaneous multi-pathway intervention by curcumin. Curcumin also increased cellular autophagy levels, enhancing its protective effect; however, hemin had no effects. Based on the fact that the dysregulation of multiple pathways is implicated in the etiology of complex diseases, we proposed a feasible method for identifying multi-pathway drugs from compounds with validated targets. Our efforts will help identify multi-pathway agents capable of providing comprehensive protection against renal injuries.