Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The illusion of changed position and movement from vibrating one arm is altered by vision or movement of the other arm

Experiments were carried out on blindfolded human subjects to study the contribution of proprioceptive inputs from both arms in a forearm position matching task. Blindfolded matching accuracy was compared with accuracy when the subject could see their indicator (matching) arm, when they used a dummy arm for matching, and when they looked at a mirror image of the matching arm. The position of the mirror had been arranged so that the image of the indicator arm coincided with the position of the reference arm. None of these conditions significantly altered the matching errors. When reference elbow flexors were vibrated at 70–80 Hz, the illusion of extension of the vibrated arm reported by blindfolded subjects was significantly reduced by vision of the mirror image of the indicator arm or when using the dummy arm. It was concluded that visual information about the position of the indicator arm, or the apparent position of the reference arm, could reduce the size of the kinaesthetic illusion from vibration, but not abolish it. In a second experiment, subjects indicated, by tracking with their vibrated arm, the illusion of forearm extension evoked by elbow flexor vibration. It was found that the perceived speed of extension could be reduced by moving the indicator into extension and increased by moving it into flexion. These experiments demonstrate the importance for the matching process of the input provided by the indicator arm. Such a conclusion may help to explain some apparent discrepancies between observations made on position sense using one‐arm and two‐arm tasks. More broadly, this paper provides support for the idea that aspects of proprioceptive inputs from both arms are processed conjointly, as part of a strategy for use of the two hands as a single instrument in certain skilled tasks.
Do we deliver on Law student expectations? If not, how can we work to achieve this?

Students of higher education, and not just those on law courses, have certain expectations – pre-conceived ideas – about the experience they will have at University. The question posed here is whether there is a disparity between what students expect of us as teachers and the course we provide, and what teachers expect of students? If there is mismatch between student and teacher expectations, how can we try to ensure that reality meets expectation? Achieving this, I would argue, would increase student satisfaction, reduce disappointment and in turn increase teacher satisfaction, knowing that we are meeting the expectations of our students. This paper is an examination of some of the research conducted on student expectation on law and other courses, and a study carried out at Huddersfield University to find out what student expectations really are. Finally, a remedial plan is posited to help ensure that student expectations are satisfied.
Cover-it: an interactive system for covering 3d prints

The ubiquity of 3D printers has made it possible to print various types of objects, from toys to mechanical objects. However, most available 3D printers are single or double colors. Even printers that can produce objects with multiple colors do not offer the ability to cover the object with a desired material, such as a piece of cloth or fur. In this paper, we propose a system that produces simple 2D patches that can be used as a reference for cutting material to cover the 3D printed object. The system allows for user interactions to correct and modify the patches, and provides guidelines on how to wrap the printed object via small curves illustrating the patch boundaries etched on the printed object as well as an animation showing how the 2D patches should be folded together. To avoid wasting materials, a heuristics method is also employed to pack 2D patches in the layout. To compensate the effect of inflation resulted from covering objects with thick materials, an offsetting tool is provided in Cover-it. In addition, since many low scale details of an object is not visible after covering, a mesh can be simplified in Cover-it to reduce the number of 2D patches.
Pediatric‐Onset Bipolar Disorder: A Neglected Clinical and Public Health Problem Gianni

&NA; Bipolar disorder (BPD), probably the most prevalent psychotic disorder in adults, has been relatively neglected or controversial in children and adolescents over the past century. We reviewed the literature on early‐onset BPD. * Estimates of prevalence, particularly before puberty, are limited by historical biases against pediatric mood disorders and by formidable diagnostic complexity and comorbidity. Although clinical features of pediatric and adult BPD have similarities, pediatric cases probably cannot be defined solely by features characteristic of adult cases. Onset was before age 20 years in at least 25% of reported BPD cases, with some increase in this incidence over the past century. Pediatric BPD is familial more often than is adult‐onset BPD, may be associated with a premorbid cyclothymic or hyperthymic temperament, and can be precipitated by antidepressant treatment. Pediatric BPD episodes frequently include irritability, dysphoria, or psychotic symptoms; they are commonly chronic and carry high risks of substance abuse and suicide. BPD is often recognized in adolescents, but the syndrome or its antecedents are almost certainly underrecognized and undertreated in children. Controlled studies of short‐and long‐term treatment, course, and outcome in this disorder remain strikingly limited, and the syndrome urgently requires increased clinical and scientific interest.
Persistent Information State in a Data-Centric Architecture

We present the ADAMACH data centric dialog system, that allows to perform on- and off-line mining of dialog context, speech recognition results and other system-generated representations, both within and across dialogs. The architecture implements a "fat pipeline" for speech and language processing. We detail how the approach integrates domain knowledge and evolving empirical data, based on a user study in the University Helpdesk domain.
Pronounced reproductive skew in a natural population of green swordtails, Xiphophorus helleri

For many species in nature, a sire's progeny may be distributed among a few or many dams. This poses logistical challenges — typically much greater across males than across females — for assessing means and variances in mating success (number of mates) and reproductive success (number of progeny). Here we overcome these difficulties by exhaustively analyzing a population of green swordtail fish (Xiphophorus helleri) for genetic paternity (and maternity) using a suite of highly polymorphic microsatellite loci. Genetic analyses of 1476 progeny from 69 pregnant females and 158 candidate sires revealed pronounced skews in male reproductive success both within and among broods. These skews were statistically significant, greater than in females, and correlated in males but not in females with mating success. We also compare the standardized variances in swordtail reproductive success to the few such available estimates for other taxa, notably several mammal species with varied mating systems and degrees of sexual dimorphism. The comparison showed that the opportunity for selection on male X. helleri is among the highest yet reported in fishes, and it is intermediate compared to estimates available for mammals. This study is one of a few exhaustive genetic assessments of joint‐sex parentage in a natural fish population, and results are relevant to the operation of sexual selection in this sexually dimorphic, high‐fecundity species.
Previous Cholecystectomy, Gastrectomy, and Diabetes Mellitus are not Crucial Risk Factors for Pancreatic Cancer in Patients with Chronic Pancreatitis

Introduction In the general population, cholecystectomy, diabetes, and chronic pancreatitis seem to be associated with an increased risk of developing pancreatic cancer. Aims We assessed whether previous cholecystectomy, gastrectomy, or diabetes mellitus may be risk factors for pancreatic cancer in patients with chronic pancreatitis. Methodology We analyzed 853 patients with chronic pancreatitis (110 women, 743 men) with a median follow-up period of 14 years with particular reference to establishing which patients had previously undergone cholecystectomy or distal gastric resection (Billroth II anastomosis) or had diabetes or gallstone disease and the respective time scales involved. Results Pancreatic cancer developed in 17 patients with chronic pancreatitis after a median period of 8 years from onset of pancreatitis symptoms (range, 3–38 years). Excluding two cholecystectomies performed 1 year before diagnosis of cancer, cholecystectomy was performed in 7/17 (41%) patients with pancreatic cancer and in 381/836 (46%) of the other patients with chronic pancreatitis. Forty-nine (10%) patients with chronic pancreatitis and no pancreatic cancer had undergone cholecystectomy during the years before the onset of chronic pancreatitis, whereas none of the patients in whom a pancreatic malignancy developed had undergone cholecystectomy before the onset of chronic pancreatitis symptoms. Gastrectomies were performed in 116 patients (14%), 47 before the onset of chronic pancreatitis. Only 2/17 patients with pancreatic cancer had undergone previous gastrectomy, though in both cases only shortly before diagnosis of the cancer. Diabetes was diagnosed in 353 patients, but only in 30 (4%) before onset of chronic pancreatitis. Only 1/17 patients (6%) with pancreatic cancer had long-standing diabetes, whereas diabetes developed in 3/17 shortly before diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Conclusions Cholecystectomy, gastrectomy, and diabetes are not major risk factors for the development of pancreatic cancer in patients with chronic pancreatitis.
Scientific impact quantity and quality: Analysis of two sources of bibliographic data

Attempts to understand the consequence of any individual scientist’s activity within the long-term trajectory of science is one of the most difficult questions within the philosophy of science. Because scientific publications play such as central role in the modern enterprise of science, bibliometric techniques which measure the “impact” of an individual publication as a function of the number of citations it receives from subsequent authors have provided some of the most useful empirical data on this question. Until recently, Thompson/ISI has provided the only source of large-scale “inverted” bibliographic data of the sort required for impact analysis. In the end of 2004, Google introduced a new service, GoogleScholar, making much of this same data available. Here we analyze 203 publications, collectively cited by more than 4000 other publications. We show surprisingly good agreement between data citation counts provided by the two services. Data quality across the systems is analyzed, and potentially useful complementarities between are considered. The additional robustness offered by multiple sources of such data promises to increase the utility of these measurements as open citation protocols and open access increase their impact on electronic scientific publication practices.
The Older Consumer as Innovator: Does Cognitive Age hold the Key?

In the light of changing demographics and the increasing importance of the older consumer to marketing, this paper seeks to identify whether some older consumers may be identified as more innovative in their consumption than others. As a first step towards a fuller understanding of these consumers, the authors suggest using and comparing two measures, one related to domain specific innovative behaviour and the other concerned with the cognitive age of consumers. It was proposed that those consumers with a younger cognitive age might be more likely to be innovative in their consumption behaviour than others of the same chronological age. In this study the authors looked at innovative behaviour towards holiday destinations. The authors found no evidence of a younger cognitive age being linked to domain-specific innovativeness and suggest that this could be due to older consumers becoming increasingly ageless in their consumption behaviour.
Detection of Deception with f MRI: Are we there yet?

A decade of spectacular progress in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technology and systems neuroscience research has so far yielded few changes in our daily lives. The dearth of clinical applications of this prolific and academically promising research tool began raising the eyebrows of the public and the research funding agencies. This may be one of the reasons for the enthusiasm and interest paid to the growing body of literature suggesting that blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) fMRI of the brain could be sensitive to the differences between lie and truth. The word 'differences' is critical here since it refers to the often-ignored core concept of BOLD fMRI: it is only sensitive to differences between two brain states. Thus, available studies report using fMRI to discriminate between lie and truth or some other comparative state rather than to positively identify deception. This nuance is an example of the extent to which applied neuroscience research does not lend itself to the type of over-simplification that has plagued the interpretation of fMRI-based lie detection by the popular press and the increasingly vocal academic critics. As an early contributor to the modest stream of data on fMRI-based lie detection, I was asked by Dr Aldert Vrij to write a piece in favour of fMRI-based lie detection, to be contrasted with a piece by Dr Sean Spence presenting an opposite point of view (Spence, 2008). This seemingly straightforward task presented two hurdles: having to respond to the popular as well as scientific view of what lie detection with fMRI is and present a wholly positive view of evolving experimental data.
An ERP Study of Second Language Learning after Childhood: Effects of Proficiency

Whether there is an absolute critical period for acquiring language is a matter of continuous debate. One approach to address this issue is to compare the processes of second language (L2) learning after childhood and those of first language (L1) learning during childhood. To study the cortical process of postchildhood L2 learning, we compared event-related brain potentials recorded from two groups of adult Japanese speakers who attained either high or intermediate proficiency in English after childhood (J-High and J-Low), and adult native English speakers (ENG). Semantic anomalies embedded in English sentences evoked a clear N400 component in all three groups, with only the time course of the brain activation varying among the groups. Syntactic violations elicited a left-lateralized negativity similar to the left anterior negativity in ENG and J-High, but not in J-Low. In ENG, a P600 component was additionally found. These results suggest that semantic processing is robust from early on in L2 learning, whereas the development of syntactic processing is more dependent on proficiency as evidenced by the lack of the left-lateralized negativity in J-Low. Because early maturation and stability of semantic processing as opposed to syntactic processing are also a feature of L1 processing, postchildhood L2 learning may be governed by the same brain properties as those which govern childhood L1 learning. We argue that these processes are qualitatively similar in many respects, with only restricted domains of language processing being subject to absolute critical period effects.
Possession Zone as a Performance Indicator in Football. The Game of the Best Teams

Possession time in football has been widely discussed in research but few studies have analyzed the importance of the field area in which possession occurs. The objective of this study was to identify the existence of significant differences in the field zone of ball possession between successful and unsuccessful teams and to acknowledge if the match status modulates the possession model. To this end, 2,284 attacks were analyzed corresponding to the matches in the final phase of the UEFA Euro 2016 France, recording possession time and field zone in which possession occurred. Video recordings of matches were analyzed and coded post-event using notational analysis. We have found that successful offensive game patterns are different from unsuccessful ones. Specifically, field zone in which major possession occurs changes significantly between successful and unsuccessful teams (x2 = 15.72, p < 0.05) and through Welch’s T significant differences were detected in possession time between successful and unsuccessful teams (H = 24.289, p < 0.001). The former are characterized by longer possession times, preferably in the middle offensive zone, on the other hand, unsuccessful teams have shorter possession times and preferably on the middle defensive zone. Logistic regression also allowed us to identify that greater possession in the middle offensive zone is a good indicator of success in the offensive game, allowing us to predict a greater chance of victory in the match. Specifically, every time the teams achieve possession in the middle offensive zone, the chance of winning the match will increase 1.72 times and, the probability of winning the match making longer possessions in the middle offensive zone is 44.25%. Applying the Kruskal–Wallis test we have also been able to verify how match status modulates the teams possession time, specifically, when teams are winning they have longer possessions x2 = 92.628, p = 0.011. Results obtained are expected to help gain more knowledge about successful offensive game models, as well as performance factors of the offensive phase, which will allow teams to optimize their training process and performance during the match.
Right Temporal Lobe Activation When Listening to Emotionally Significant Music

The cerebral activation when normal elderly participants (6 women, 6 men, M age = 70 years) listened to self-selected emotionally significant music was investigated. Musical memories and preferences were discussed in an interview, and a piece of music with great emotional significance to the participant was selected and later played during measurement of the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF). Measurements were made during silence, individually selected emotional music, and standard neutral music. The right temporal lobe showed a significant (p < .01) increase in rCBF when the emotional music was compared to silence. A temporal lobe asymmetry (right > left) during emotional music was also significant (p < .01). A decrease in the left prefrontal areas reached significance (p < .05) when standard music was compared to silence. For the emotional music, the right prefrontal area showed a decrease (p < .05). Emotional music thus activates right temporal and deactivates prefrontal regions in the right hemisphere.
Effect of Duration of Peer Awareness Education on Attitudes toward Students with Disabilities: A Systematic Review

The attitudes of peers towards fellow students with disabilities impacts social participation and the development of relationships within the school context. This systematic review examined the effect of duration of a disability-awareness education program on the attitudes of peers towards students with disabilities. Sources such as the Academic Search Premier, CINAHL, Education Full Text (H.W. Wilson), ERIC, and Teacher Reference Center were searched, and yielded thirty studies with a combined sample size of 7,346 students that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria. These were critically appraised for quality using the Downs and Black Quality Index (1998). Implications for disability-awareness program development emerged, as well as an expanded role for occupational therapy practitioners to assess the social context in inclusionary settings. Future research should address other program elements to determine best practice in facilitating positive peer attitudes towards students with disabilities in order to promote social inclusion.
HuddleLamp: Spatially-Aware Mobile Displays for Ad-hoc Around-the-Table Collaboration

We present HuddleLamp, a desk lamp with an integrated RGB-D camera that precisely tracks the movements and positions of mobile displays and hands on a table. This enables a new breed of spatially-aware multi-user and multi-device applications for around-the-table collaboration without an interactive tabletop. At any time, users can add or remove displays and reconfigure them in space in an ad-hoc manner without the need of installing any software or attaching markers. Additionally, hands are tracked to detect interactions above and between displays, enabling fluent cross-device interactions. We contribute a novel hybrid sensing approach that uses RGB and depth data to increase tracking quality and a technical evaluation of its capabilities and limitations. For enabling installation-free ad-hoc collaboration, we also introduce a web-based architecture and JavaScript API for future HuddleLamp applications. Finally, we demonstrate the resulting design space using five examples of cross-device interaction techniques.
On the Use of Microblogging Posts for Similarity Estimation and Artist Labeling

Microblogging services, such as Twitter, have risen enormously in popularity during the past years. Despite their popularity, such services have never been analyzed for MIR purposes, to the best of our knowledge. We hence present first investigations of the usability of music artist-related microblogging posts to perform artist labeling and similarity estimation tasks. To this end, we look into different text-based indexing models and term weighting measures. Two artist collections are used for evaluation, and the different methods are evaluated against data from last.fm. We show that microblogging posts are a valuable source for musical meta-data.
Assessment of prion reduction filters in decreasing infectivity of ultracentrifuged 263K scrapie‐infected brain homogenates in “spiked” human blood and red blood cells

The safety of red blood cells (RBCs) is of concern because of the occurrence of four transfusion‐transmitted variant Creutzfeldt‐Jakob disease (vCJD) cases in the United Kingdom. The absence of validated screening tests requires the use of procedures to remove prions from blood to minimize the risk of transmission. These procedures must be validated using infectious prions in a form that is as close as possible to one in blood.