Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antibody-Dependent Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity Overcomes NK Cell Resistance in MLL-Rearranged Leukemia Expressing Inhibitory KIR Ligands but Not Activating Ligands

Purpose: Leukemias with MLL gene rearrangement are associated with a poor prognosis. Natural killer (NK) cell therapy is a potential treatment, but leukemia cells may be resistant. Here, we sought to determine the susceptibility of MLL-rearranged leukemia cells to NK cell lysis and to develop a novel immunotherapeutic approach to optimize NK cell therapy, including the use of an antibody against leukemia-associated antigen and the elimination of killer-cell immunoglobulin-like receptor (KIR)–mediated inhibition. Experimental Design: Three MLL-rearranged leukemia cell lines (RS4;11, SEM, and MV4-11) and primary leukemia blasts were assessed for surface phenotype and susceptibility to NK cell lysis with or without antibodies against CD19 (XmAb5574), CD33 (lintuzumab), or KIR ligands. Results: All three cell lines were resistant to NK cell lysis, had some inhibitory KIR ligands and protease inhibitor-9, and expressed low levels of NKG2D activating ligands and adhesion molecules. After treatment with XmAb5574 or lintuzumab, MLL-rearranged leukemia cells were efficiently killed by NK cells. The addition of pan–major histocompatibility complex class I antibody, which blocked inhibitory KIR-HLA interaction, further augmented degranulation in all three KIR2DL1, KIR2DL2/3, and KIR3DL1 subsets of NK cells based on the rule of missing-self recognition. A mouse model showed a decreased rate of leukemia progression in vivo as monitored by bioluminescence imaging and longer survival after antibody treatment. Conclusion: Our data support the use of a triple immunotherapy approach, including an antibody directed against tumor-associated antigen, KIR-mismatched NK cell transplantation, and inhibitory KIR blockade, for the treatment of NK cell–resistant MLL-rearranged leukemias. Clin Cancer Res; 18(22); 6296–305. ©2012 AACR.
Predictors of Identity Management

This study examined workplace interactions in which lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) workers faced decisions related to revealing or concealing their LGB identities at work (i.e., identity management situations). Participants were 61 LGB adults who completed a baseline survey about their organization and, over 3 weeks, responded to event-based surveys immediately after identity management situations. Results suggested that LGB workers manage their stigmatized identity strategically according to situational characteristics. Indeed, much of the variance in use of revealing and concealing strategies was due to differences within people from situation to situation. Use of identity management strategies was predicted by interaction partner cues of acceptance or rejection as well as perception of LGB-related organizational climate and policies. Results at the within-person and between-person levels diverged in noteworthy ways.
Comprehensive characterization of chemotherapeutic efficacy on metastases in the established gastric neuroendocrine cancer patient derived xenograft model

The HuPrime® human gastric neuroendocrine carcinoma derived xenograft model GA0087 was established in this study. GA0087 PDX model showed high gene expression of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF)-A and B, and high potential of lung metastasis. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) with either large or small size, circulating tumor microemboli (CTM) and lung metastatic lesions were detected in GA0087 PDX mice. The number of CTC correlated to the number of metastatic nodules in lung. Both primary tumor growth and metastasis in terms of the number of dynamically monitored CTCs and metastatic nodules were effectively suppressed by Cisplatin. Diverse subtypes of CTCs in the context of sensitivity to Cisplatin were specifically identified by subtraction enrichment (SE) integrated with in situ Phenotyping of cytokeratin 18 (CK18) and Karyotyping of chromosome 8 (in situ PK CTC by CK-iFISH). All the CK18-/diploid and majority of CK18+/diploid CTC subtypes were chemosensitive, whereas a higher percentage of CK18+/multiploid subtype of CTC were Cisplatin-insensitive. Combined histopathological examination of metastatic lesion and in situ PK CTC in a metastatic PDX (mPDX) tumor model are of particular significance, and may provide an unique and robust platform for cancer research as well as pre-clinical evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of new anti-cancer drugs.
Computational experience with a primal-dual interior point method for smooth convex placement problems

We present a primal-dual interior point method (IPM) for solving smooth convex optimization problems which arise during the placement of integrated circuits. The interior point method represents a substantial enhancement in flexibility versus other methods while having similar computational requirements. We illustrate that iterative solvers are efficient for calculation of search directions during optimization. Computational results are presented on a set of benchmark problems for an analysis of the method.
Following My Traces: Exploring the Emotional Engagement with the Research Subject through the Researcher’s Artwork

This article explores the researcher’s emotional engagement in fieldwork through the researcher’s artwork. Revisiting emotional engagement is important in order to make sense of the research subject of the study in complex research sites. The care of 26 patients was followed during a change project that involved relationships between various clinics and providers. The organizational complexity became obvious when each patient case created its own field of study in the healthcare organization. In the study, it is suggested that we can gain access to emotional engagement through art and aesthetics in organizational ethnographies. Emotional engagement with the research subject is an important part of constituting the research subject in complex organizations. In future projects, it will be important to discuss with participants the aesthetic experiences raised by the fieldwork. Discussing such experiences is part of the co‐constitution of the sense and meaning of the activity that is under change.
Bioactive Silicate Nanoplatelets for Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Novel silicate nanoplatelets that induce osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) in the absence of any osteoinductive factor are reported. The presence of the silicate triggers a set of events that follows the temporal pattern of osteogenic differentiation. These findings underscore the potential applications of these silicate nanoplatelets in designing bioactive scaffolds for musculoskeletal tissue engineering.
Stereotype Threat and the Gender Gap in Political Knowledge

Men tend to achieve higher response accuracy than women on surveys of political knowledge. We investigated the possibility that this performance gap is moderated by factors that render the communicative context of a survey intellectually threatening to women and thereby induce stereotype threat. In a telephone survey of college students' political knowledge, we manipulated two factors of the survey context: the alleged diagnosticity of the question set (i.e., whether it was portrayed as being sensitive to potential gender differences) and the gender of the interviewer. Consistent with previous studies of political knowledge, men scored higher than women overall. However, as predicted, this difference was reliably moderated by the manipulated factors. Women's scores were not reliably different from men's when the survey was portrayed as nondiagnostic and when women were interviewed by female interviewers. Diagnosticity and interviewer gender had no effects on men's scores. Consistent with previous research on stereotype threat, these results suggest that explicit and implicit cues reminding women of the possibility that they might confirm a negative gender stereotype can impair their retrieval of political knowledge.
Development of a fulcrum methodology to replicate the lateral ankle sprain mechanism and measure dynamic inversion speed

When the ankle is forced into inversion, the speed at which this movement occurs may affect the extent of injury. The purpose of this investigation was to develop a fulcrum device to mimic the mechanism of a lateral ankle sprain and to determine the reliability and validity of the temporal variables produced by this device. Additionally, this device was used to determine if a single previous lateral ankle sprain or ankle taping effected the time to maximum inversion and/or mean inversion speed. Twenty-six participants (13 with history of a single lateral ankle sprain and 13 with no history of injury) completed the testing. The participants completed testing on three separate days, performing 10 trials with the fulcrum per leg on each testing day, and tape was applied to both ankles on one testing day. No significant interactions or main effects were found for either previous injury or ankle taping, but good reliability was found for time to maximum inversion (ICC = .81) and mean inversion speed (ICC = .79). The findings suggest that although neither variable was influenced by the history of a single previous lateral ankle sprain or ankle taping, both variables demonstrated good reliability and construct validity, but not discriminative validity.
Incremental efficacy of WISC–III factor scores in predicting achievement: What do they tell us?

Four factors underlie the Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) on the Wechsler Intelligence Scales for Children-Third Edition (WISC-III; D. Wechsler, 1991). Scores from these factors possess greater reliability than individual subtest scores, and some argue that factor scores relate to important phenomena of educational and clinical interest, such as academic achievement and classification status. However, the predictive efficacy of factor scores from the WISC-III relative to the Full Scale IQ (FSIQ) has not been clearly established. This study examined the incremental validity of factor scores from the WISC-III in predicting achievement on the Wechsler Individual Achievement Test (WIAT; Psychological Corporation, 1992). Two groups were evaluated: a nationally representative nonreferred sample (n = 283), and a sample of children referred for evaluation (n = 636). Results indicate that while the factors provide a statistically significant increment, the size of this improvement is generally too small to be of clinical significance for either group. In terms of parsimony and efficiency, the FSIQ is the best predictor of different achievement criteria as measured by the WIAT.
Replication as a Verification Technique in Survey Research: A Paradigm

Replication is one of several methodological techniques that contributes to the verification of survey research data. A critique of the literature on replication reveals that limited systematic attention has been given to its various functions in the process of verification. A replication paradigm is formulated to clarify terminology and functions. The paradigm consists of four major replication types: retest, internal, independent, and theoretical. These are analyzed and illustrated by published replication studies. An argument is offered in favor of the increased use of replication in survey research.
Religiosity and Prosocial Behavior Among Churchgoers: Exploring Underlying Mechanisms

Research has shown that religious beliefs and practices are related, to some extent, to prosocial behaviors, but less is known about why it is so. In addition, participating in the traditional Christian ritual (Sunday Mass) may be particularly powerful in eliciting prosocial behavior among believers. The present study explores the aspects of the Sunday Mass that may be involved in the activation of religious prosociality. The social, emotional, and cognitive aspects of the Mass were concurrently assessed among churchgoers (n = 548) across 20 different parishes. Prosociality was measured by looking at spontaneous intention to share a hypothetical lottery prize. Results showed that a positive relation found between religion and prosociality was mediated by the social aspect of the Mass. Additional analyses revealed that this social aspect also induced the emotion of love, which in turn promoted prosociality.
User Engagement with Mental Health Videos on YouTube

Introduction: Mental health is a primary determinant of well-being, and as more people look online for mental health information, YouTube is an increasingly important information source. Although authoritative organizations such as the World Health Organization post videos to YouTube, when retrieved these videos are interspersed with personal, commercial, governmental, television or other media segments, and institutional videos. YouTube was searched for videos on mental health to measure user engagement with these videos. It was hypothesized that videos posted to YouTube that contained personal narratives would generate more user engagement in terms of more video view counts, likes, and number of comments. Methods: YouTube was searched for mental health information using three different search terms and phrases: “depression,” “bipolar disorder,” and “mental health. ” The first 20 results for the terms depression and bipolar disorder were screen captured and for the search phrase mental health the first 40 videos were screen captured. All 80 videos were categorized according to video producer type and analyzed using YouTube metrics including number of “likes,” view counts, and comments to measure user engagement with the videos. Results: The majority of videos returned in the top results were posted by laypersons and the videos focus on the poster's personal experience (38%) followed by videos produced for television and other media (29%). Videos that contain personal narratives and experiential knowledge generate the most user engagement and are preferred sources for users searching for mental health information. Discussion: Users’ greater engagement with personal videos indicates that there is an important role for librarians and information professionals in assisting users in deciding what mental health information is accurate, authoritative, and reliable regardless of the authority of the video producer. In addition, the results of this research might inform best practices for professional organizations posting videos to YouTube.
Functional programming with names and necessity

All programs interact with their environments in one way or another: they read and write to memory, query users for input, print out results, send data to remote servers, etc. Because increasingly complex environments result in increasingly difficult and error-prone programming, programming languages should facilitate compile-time detection of erroneous interactions with environments. In this dissertation, I propose variants of modal logic with names, and their related λ-calculi, as a type theoretic foundation for such languages. In the first part of the dissertation, I review the judgmental formulation of propositional constructive modal logic, and the definitions of necessity and possibility as universal and existential quantification over possible worlds. In the application to functional programming, possible worlds in modal logic will correspond to execution environments. The second part investigates the notions of partial judgments; that is, possibility correspond to bounded universal and bounded existential quantification over possible worlds. While the partiality condition may be specified in several different ways, in this dissertation the focus is on the definition of partiality in terms of names. Names are labels for propositions, and a set of names represents the partiality condition obtained as a conjunction of the respective propositions. In the third part, I discuss applications of modal logic to staged computation and metaprogramming. In these applications, it is frequently necessary to consider a primitive operation of capture-incurring substitution of program expressions into a context, which is naturally expressed in a modal type system. The last part of the dissertation develops modal type systems for effects. The effects associated with partial possibility are those that permanently change the execution environments, and therefore must be executed in a specific linear order. Writing into a memory location is a typical example. The effects associated with partial necessity are those that may depend on the execution environment, but do not change it—they are benign, and do not need to be specifically serialized. Examples include memory reads and control flow effects.
Raga Mining of Indian Music by Extracting Arohana-Avarohana Pattern

Data mining is cataloging through data to identify patterns and establish relationships. The relationship among patterns provides information. It can be converted into knowledge about historical patterns and future trends. Raga mining is a part of data mining where audio data is considered in specific. Raga is an attractive combination of notes, engaging tonal context. What distinguish each raga are the characteristic phrases (of notes), sequence of notes, and the treatment given to each note in terms of its timing, rendition, prominence or ornamentation. Generating script for a musical composition and identifying raga in Indian Classical music is a tedious and time consuming task. Here, we depict a system which takes an audio file as an input and converts it into sequence of notes, identifies the raga by extracting its Arohana- avarohana pattern. The system is analyzed for 50 different rags and tested for 20 different ragas with 3-5 songs of each raga totally 90 songs. The system performs with a result of 95%.
Getting off the Escalator? A Study of Scots Out-Migration from a Global City Region

Something new is happening to reverse the historical trend of skilled Scots moving to London for career progression. The Scottish population of London and the South East is falling and this despite Scots enjoying continued occupational success within the South East labour market. The authors ask why Scots are leaving the UK's main escalator region and then investigate how these migration changes can best be theorised relative to literature on the mobility of the ‘new service class‘. Building on Fielding's escalator region hypothesis, the authors report on recent research on longer distance flows out of the UK's main escalator region. They advance the critique of the escalator region hypothesis set out by Findlay et al and ask why people would leave a global city offering good opportunities for occupational mobility. Demographic regime change provides only a partial answer. Other explanations can be found in the changing mobilities of the new service class as they engage in what Smith has defined as ‘translocal’ and ‘transnational’ urbanism. The authors argue that Scotland's changing relationship with London and the South East may be representative of a wider set of changes in migration linkages between regional economies and global cities.
Opposition to Affirmative Action: Racial Affect and Traditional Value Predictors Across Four Programs1

Research on white opinions of such compensatory policies as busing and affirmative action has suggested that prejudice is the primary determinant of policy attitudes (Jacobson, 1985; McConahay, 1982). Often, however, racism is measured in a manner that confounds prejudice with values and concerns about justice. A study was conducted in which undergraduates (N= 185) were told that one of four affirmative-action programs for black students would be implemented at their university either in the following year or in 5 years. We found that: (a) support varied considerably across programs and was greater when implementation was imminent; (b) separate operationalizations of race prejudice and dispositional justice beliefs accounted for equal, and at times greater, variance in affirmative action opinions relative to a measure of symbolic racism; and (c) correlates of policy endorsement, including dispositional justice beliefs but not racial affect, varied from program to program. It is suggested that future research should explicitly distinguish race prejudice from values as predictors. It is also suggested that justice concerns, particularly regarding policy specifics, are important predictors of affirmative action attitudes that to date have largely been overlooked.
The African Slave Trade to Asia and the Indian Ocean Islands

This chapter describes the African slave trade to Asia across the Sahara Desert. The only criteria for the Muslim was that the slave be pagan, and since African traditional religions were unacceptable, sub-Saharan Africa became the most important source of slaves for the Muslim merchants who established elaborate commercial networks to transport them out of Africa across the Sahara, the Red Sea and the Indian Ocean. The Red Sea slave trade was ironically older than the trans-Saharan. The Greek mercantile presence in the Indian Ocean did not survive the dominance of Rome in the Mediterranean, but trade on the East African coast was continued as in the past by merchants from Arabia, Persia, India, and China who plied the waters of the Indian Ocean on the monsoon winds of the Sabaean Lane. Slavery was an institution in most African societies, and its abolition came later than in the Americas. Keywords:African slave trade; Americas; Arabia; Asia; Greek; Indian Ocean; Muslim; Persia; Red Sea
The Language of Actions: Recovering the Syntax and Semantics of Goal-Directed Human Activities

This paper describes a framework for modeling human activities as temporally structured processes. Our approach is motivated by the inherently hierarchical nature of human activities and the close correspondence between human actions and speech: We model action units using Hidden Markov Models, much like words in speech. These action units then form the building blocks to model complex human activities as sentences using an action grammar. To evaluate our approach, we collected a large dataset of daily cooking activities: The dataset includes a total of 52 participants, each performing a total of 10 cooking activities in multiple real-life kitchens, resulting in over 77 hours of video footage. We evaluate the HTK toolkit, a state-of-the-art speech recognition engine, in combination with multiple video feature descriptors, for both the recognition of cooking activities (e.g., making pancakes) as well as the semantic parsing of videos into action units (e.g., cracking eggs). Our results demonstrate the benefits of structured temporal generative approaches over existing discriminative approaches in coping with the complexity of human daily life activities.
Input and output compensation for the cochlear traveling wave delay in wide-band ABR recordings: implications for small acoustic tumor detection.

BACKGROUND The Stacked ABR (auditory brainstem response) attempts at the output of the auditory periphery to compensate for the temporal dispersion of neural activation caused by the cochlear traveling wave in response to click stimulation. Compensation can also be made at the input by using a chirp stimulus. It has been demonstrated that the Stacked ABR is sensitive to small tumors that are often missed by standard ABR latency measures. PURPOSE Because a chirp stimulus requires only a single data acquisition run whereas the Stacked ABR requires six, we try to evaluate some indirect evidence justifying the use of a chirp for small tumor detection. RESEARCH DESIGN We compared the sensitivity and specificity of different Stacked ABRs formed by aligning the derived-band ABRs according to (1) the individual's peak latencies, (2) the group mean latencies, and (3) the modeled latencies used to develop a chirp. RESULTS For tumor detection with a chosen sensitivity of 95%, a relatively high specificity of 85% may be achieved with a chirp. CONCLUSION It appears worthwhile to explore the actual use of a chirp because significantly shorter test and analysis times might be possible.