Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New wine in old skins: changing patterns in the governing of the adult learner in Sweden

This paper explores the ways in which the adult learner has been governed in recent years and whether the techniques for doing this have changed over the last 50 years. The focus is first on which adult subject (adult learner) is constructed in the material analysed. What kinds of subjects are governed? This is followed by an analysis of what kinds of techniques are used to govern the adult learner. Official reports from the present time and the mid 20th century on Swedish municipal adult education are analysed using the Foucauldian notions of genealogy and governmentality. The results show that a different, more individualistic, subject is construed in the contemporary texts compared with the texts from the mid 20th century. The subjects should be autonomous and be mobilized by being included in lifelong learning. In the mid 20th century, the adult learners were the talented ones who were supposed to develop their inner potential and by doing so reach self‐fulfilment. However, several of the techniques used for governing these subjects are the same. Guidance and risk calculations are used during both periods. However, as will be argued, they differ in how they are used. Today, the techniques employed are in line with a more individualistic view where the subjects conduct their own conduct; they plan their own education supported by study counsellors as well as make their own risk calculations. In the mid 20th century, the subject was governed by society in a more direct way; it was the study counsellors who decided whether an adult would study and they (and a board of exemptions) made the risk calculations. The techniques are the same but different; new wine in old skins.
Challenging Masculinities: Disability and achievement in testing times

This article describes a feminist classroom project on masculinities undertaken with a group of boys in a UK school for pupils with special educational needs. Positioned by current educational policy as the 'failing/failed boys' of school effectiveness and similar discourses, and excluded from mainstream schooling, these 'underperforming' 1012 year-olds were invested in achieving successful positioning within cultures of hegemonic masculinity. Current official, institutional and media preoccupations with quantifiable academic attainments had served to reinscribe them within a world of hetero/sexist 'laddishness' in which their only hope of success was to prove themselves as macho stars of the football pitch. This article explores some of the tensions and contradictions, as well as the moments of hope, in working with the boys to construct alternative versions of masculinities.
Uses of Eye-Tracking Data in Second Language Sentence Processing Research

When hearing or reading words and sentences in a second language (L2), we face many uncertainties about how the people and objects referred to are connected to one another. So what do we do under these conditions of uncertainty? Because relatively proficient L2 speakers have access to the grammar and lexicon of each language when comprehending words and sentences or when planning spoken utterances, and because the recent research suggests that these linguistic systems are not entirely independent, there is a critical question about how the knowledge of two languages affects basic aspects of language processing. In this article, I review how eye-tracking methodology has been used as a tool to address this question. I begin by discussing why eye movements are a useful methodology in language processing research, and I provide a description of one experimental paradigm developed to explore eye movements during reading. Second, I present recent developments in the use of eye tracking to study L2 spoken-language comprehension. I also highlight the importance of using multiple measures of online sentence processing by discussing results obtained using a moving window task and eye-tracking records while L2 speakers read syntactically ambiguous relative clauses. Next, I discuss research investigating syntactic processing when L2 speakers process mixed language. I end with suggestions for future research directions.
A 1.62–5.4-Gb/s Receiver for DisplayPort Version 1.2a With Adaptive Equalization and Referenceless Frequency Acquisition Techniques

We present a 1.62–5.4-Gb/s receiver for DisplayPort version 1.2a and propose an adaptive equalizer (EQ) with a peak-level comparison technique for eye measurement. A single comparator and an up/down unmatched-current charge pump are used to realize a simpler EQ architecture with low power dissipation. A referenceless frequency acquisition technique is also proposed. A time-to-digital converter-based pulsewidth detector supports the referenceless frequency acquisition within the range of 1.62–5.4 Gb/s. An XOR-gate-embedded charge pump and a half-rate linear phase detector were used to improve the jitter tolerance (JTOL) performance. The measured eye opening of the proposed EQ at 5.4 Gb/s was 0.68 UI with a −20-dB loss channel. The proposed receiver passed all the JTOL tests of the DisplayPort compliance specification version 1.2b. The power consumption of the receiver was 36.8 mW at 5.4 Gb/s. The receiver occupied a core area of 0.265 mm2 using 65-nm CMOS process technology.
CCR5 Expression Influences the Progression of Human Breast Cancer in a p53-dependent Manner

Chemokines are implicated in tumor pathogenesis, although it is unclear whether they affect human cancer progression positively or negatively. We found that activation of the chemokine receptor CCR5 regulates p53 transcriptional activity in breast cancer cells through pertussis toxin–, JAK2-, and p38 mitogen–activated protein kinase–dependent mechanisms. CCR5 blockade significantly enhanced proliferation of xenografts from tumor cells bearing wild-type p53, but did not affect proliferation of tumor xenografts bearing a p53 mutation. In parallel, data obtained in a primary breast cancer clinical series showed that disease-free survival was shorter in individuals bearing the CCR5Δ32 allele than in CCR5 wild-type patients, but only for those whose tumors expressed wild-type p53. These findings suggest that CCR5 activity influences human breast cancer progression in a p53-dependent manner.
What drives behavioral intention of mobile money adoption? The case of ancient susu saving operations in Ghana

Purpose - – The purpose of this paper is to provide insights into the ancient Design/methodology/approach - – Using field survey data from market traders and Findings - – Generally, among the Practical implications - – These findings have important implications for MM uptake and the modernization of the Originality/value - – Literature on MM is growing in recent times. However, evidence on adoption as a saving channel to replace the traditional saving system is scanty, particularly within the African context.
Bilingualism Accentuates Children's Conversational Understanding

Background Although bilingualism is prevalent throughout the world, little is known about the extent to which it influences children's conversational understanding. Our investigation involved children aged 3–6 years exposed to one or more of four major languages: English, German, Italian, and Japanese. In two experiments, we examined the children's ability to identify responses to questions as violations of conversational maxims (to be informative and avoid redundancy, to speak the truth, be relevant, and be polite). Principal Findings In Experiment 1, with increasing age, children showed greater sensitivity to maxim violations. Children in Italy who were bilingual in German and Italian (with German as the dominant language L1) significantly outperformed Italian monolinguals. In Experiment 2, children in England who were bilingual in English and Japanese (with English as L1) significantly outperformed Japanese monolinguals in Japan with vocabulary age partialled out. Conclusions As the monolingual and bilingual groups had a similar family SES background (Experiment 1) and similar family cultural identity (Experiment 2), these results point to a specific role for early bilingualism in accentuating children's developing ability to appreciate effective communicative responses.
The Influence of the Atmospheric Transmission for the Solar Radiation and Earth's Surface Radiation on the Earth's Climate

The physical and mathematical model of the planetary heat balance is developed to establish the influence of the atmospheric transmission for the solar radiation in the shortwave spectrum range and for the surface IR radiation in the longwave spectrum range on the Earth’s climate. It is shown the possibility of the decreas- ing of the atmospheric and surface temperatures with the decreasing of the atmospheric transmission for IR spectrum range, and this decreasing can’t be equilibrated with the change of the atmospheric transmission for the incoming solar radiation.
Month of Birth and Mortality in Sweden: A Nation-Wide Population-Based Cohort Study

Background Month of birth – an indicator for a variety of prenatal and early postnatal exposures – has been associated with life expectancy in adulthood. On the northern hemisphere, people born in the autumn live longer than those born during the spring. Only one study has followed a population longitudinally and no study has investigated the relation between month of birth and mortality risk below 50 years. Methods and results In this nation-wide Swedish study, we included 6,194,745 subjects, using data from population-based health and administrative registries. The relation between month of birth (January – December) and mortality risk was assessed by fitting Cox proportional hazard regression models using attained age as the underlying time scale. Analyses were made for ages >30, >30 to 50, >50 to 80 and >80 years. Month of birth was a significant predictor of mortality in the age-spans >30, >50 to 80, and >80 years. In models adjusted for gender and education for ages >30 and >50 to 80 years, the lowest mortality was seen for people born in November and the highest mortality in those born in the spring/summer, peaking in May for mortality >30 years (25‰ excess hazard ratio compared to November, [95% confidence interval = 16–34 ]) and in April for mortality >50 to 80 years (42‰ excess hazard ratio compared to November, [95% confidence interval = 30–55]). In the ages >80 years the pattern was similar but the differences in mortality between birth months were smaller. For mortality within the age-span >30 to 50 years, results were inconclusive. Conclusion Month of birth is associated to risk of mortality in ages above 50 years in Sweden. Further studies should aim at clarifying the mechanisms behind this association.
Misinformation Effects for Psychic Readings and Belief in the Paranormal

Forty participants watched a video of an alleged psychic giving a reading to a client, followed by 1 of 2 versions of a post-reading interview with the client, describing her reaction to the reading. In fact, both the reading and the post-reading interviews were scripted. In one version of the interview, the client incorrectly recalled an item of information that the psychic had given her, and in the second version she correctly recalled what the psychic had said. Participants' level of belief in the paranormal and recall of the reading were assessed. It had been hypothesized that believers would be more susceptible to a misinformation effect in this context. In fact, the believers' recall of the reading was inaccurate even without exposure to misinformation. Non-believers remembered the reading quite accurately when not exposed to misinformation but their recall was as poor as that of the believers when exposed to misinformation.
Identifying `Rogue' States and Testing their Interstate Conflict Behavior

We explore and define the concept of a `rogue' state based on a state's domestic patterns of behavior. We combine measures of domestic gender equality, ethnic discrimination and state repression to identify characteristics of rogue states. Once we have identified rogue states, we perform logistic regression to predict whether rogue states are more likely to be the aggressors during international disputes — whether they are more likely to use force first during interstate conflict, controlling for other possible causes of state use of force. This research adds to a growing body of scholarship in International Relations regarding the behavior of states involved in conflict, which demonstrates that states with higher levels of inequality, repression and violence exhibit higher levels of violence during international disputes and during international crises. This argument is most fully developed within feminist scholarship; however, research in the field of ethno-apolitical conflict has also highlighted the negative impact of domestic discrimination and violence on state behavior at the international level.
Does engaging with serious offenders change students’ attitude and empathy toward offenders? A thematic analysis

This article considers the role of engagement with prisoners on a one-day carceral tour (prison visit) as a function of reduced prejudice and increased empathy toward offenders. Eight reflexive accounts, completed by final year criminology students approximately two weeks after interacting with convicted serious offenders, prison staff and the prison environment were thematically analysed to locate indices of prejudice and empathy toward serious offenders. Reflexive accounts were examined for content reflective of three temporal points: (i) before the visit, (ii) during the visit and (iii) after the visit. Findings demonstrated that engagement appears to have a positive influence on increased tolerance and empathy toward offenders. However, the increased empathic responding only appeared to be indicative of perspective taking and not empathic concern. Possible explanations and future research directions are discussed as well as implications for training and policy context.
tau -universality violation with light neutralinos.

In a supersymmetric model with the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) \ensuremath{\chi} in the range of a few hundred MeV's, the decay \ensuremath{\tau}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}\ensuremath{\mu}\ensuremath{\chi}\ensuremath{\chi} is allowed. We investigate the departure from \ensuremath{\tau} universality caused by this decay which can be triggered by neutrino masses. It is found that universality violation in this way can be greater than both nonuniversal electroweak radiative corrections and supersymmetric one-loop corrections over a considerable region of the parameter space allowed by experiments so far. Thus it suggests a method of constraining the parameter space with light LSP's using data from \ensuremath{\tau} factories. \textcopyright{} 1996 The American Physical Society.
Vivaldi: A Domain-Specific Language for Volume Processing and Visualization on Distributed Heterogeneous Systems

As the size of image data from microscopes and telescopes increases, the need for high-throughput processing and visualization of large volumetric data has become more pressing. At the same time, many-core processors and GPU accelerators are commonplace, making high-performance distributed heterogeneous computing systems affordable. However, effectively utilizing GPU clusters is difficult for novice programmers, and even experienced programmers often fail to fully leverage the computing power of new parallel architectures due to their steep learning curve and programming complexity. In this paper, we propose Vivaldi, a new domain-specific language for volume processing and visualization on distributed heterogeneous computing systems. Vivaldi's Python-like grammar and parallel processing abstractions provide flexible programming tools for non-experts to easily write high-performance parallel computing code. Vivaldi provides commonly used functions and numerical operators for customized visualization and high-throughput image processing applications. We demonstrate the performance and usability of Vivaldi on several examples ranging from volume rendering to image segmentation.
A Personalized Interest-Forgetting Markov Model for Recommendations

Intelligent item recommendation is a key issue in AI research which enables recommender systems to be more “human-minded” when generating recommendations. However, one of the major features of human — forgetting, has barely been discussed as regards recommender systems. In this paper, we considered people’s forgetting of interest when performing personalized recommendations, and brought forward a personalized framework to integrate interest-forgetting property with Markov model. Multiple implementations of the framework were investigated and compared. The experimental evaluation showed that our methods could significantly improve the accuracy of item recommendation, which verified the importance of considering interest-forgetting in recommendations.
The limits of anchoring.

Anchoring and adjustment is a pervasive bias in which decision makers are influenced by random or uninformative numbers or starting points. As a means of understanding this effect, we explore two limits on anchoring. In Experiments 1 and 2, implausibly extreme anchors had a proportionally smaller effect than anchors close to the expected value of the lotteries evaluated. In Experiments 2 and 3, anchoring occurred only if the anchor and preference judgment were expressed on the same scale. Incompatible anchors and response modes resulted in no anchoring bias. A confirmatory search mechanism is proposed to account for these results.
Rearranging the deckchairs on the Titanic of long-term care - is organizational integration the answer?

Since 1997 the British government has actively promoted collaboration between health and social care services, culminating in proposals for fully integrated health and social care organizations -called Care Trusts - to address problems in co-ordinating services for older people. This paper draws on historical evidence to examine the origins and development of these difficulties. A consistent theme over the past 50 years has been the changing role of health services in the provision of long-term support for older people and the consequent redefinition of the boundaries between health and social services. However, these changes have largely not been matched by corresponding transfers of resources that might enable social services to meet their increased responsibilities. Moreover, the demands of the acute hospital sector risk marginalizing the social support valued by older people themselves. The paper argues that organizational restructuring will therefore fail to improve coordination between health and social services for older people unless these underlying issues are also addressed.
Examining Financial Literacy among Transfer and Nontransfer Students: Predicting Financial Well-Being and Academic Success at a Four-Year University

This study analyzes the data collected through the Financial Literacy project conducted in the fall semester of 2010 at a land grant research university in the Midwest. A survey instrument, which includes 43 items that measure constructs such as parental influence, financial knowledge and behaviors, and working experience of students while attending a college, was used for the project. The authors examined differences in factors that influence transfer and nontransfer students' financial literacy on academic outcome by employing hierarchical multiple regression analyses. The financial nexus model and the notion of social capital were used to develop two regression models to predict financial well-being and academic success among transfer and nontransfer students who participated in the study. Implications for scholarly contributions, policy, and practice are also discussed.
A critical evaluation of competing representations of the relationship between formal and informal work

Analysing the extensive literature on informal work reveals multiple, often contradictory, views regarding its relationship with formal work. The aim of this paper is to evaluate critically these competing claims. Evaluating in turn the predominant views of informal work as a residue, by-product, complement and/or alternative to formal work, reveals that universal generalizations are not possible and that all of these articulations only apply in specific contexts. However, rather than simply conclude that these contrasting readings of the relationship between informal and formal work are therefore context-bound generalizations, two features common to all these perspectives are identified that necessitate a more fundamental rethinking of the relationship between formal and informal work. These relate to the way in which all firstly, simplistically attribute one form of work with positive features (e.g. modernization, virtue and progress) and the other with negative attributes (e.g. tradition, backwardness, exploitation) and, secondly, delineate formal and informal work as discrete and separate entities. The paper concludes by setting out a research agenda to not only highlight the political values underpinning each of these representations but also achieve a fuller and finer-grained understanding of the relations between informal and formal work.
Bacterial Community in the Crop of the Hoatzin, a Neotropical Folivorous Flying Bird

ABSTRACT The hoatzin is unique among known avian species because of the fermentative function of its enlarged crop. A small-bodied flying foregut fermenter is a paradox, and this bird provides an interesting model to examine how diet selection and the gut microbiota contribute to maximizing digestive efficiency. Therefore, we characterized the bacterial population in the crop of six adult hoatzins captured from the wild. A total of 1,235 16S rRNA gene sequences were grouped into 580 phylotypes (67% of the pooled species richness sampled, based on Good's coverage estimator, with CACE and Chao1 estimates of 1,709 and 1,795 species-level [99% identity] operational taxonomic units, respectively). Members of 9 of the ∼75 known phyla in Bacteria were identified in this gut habitat; the Firmicutes were dominant (67% of sequences, belonging to the classes Clostridia, Mollicutes, and Bacilli), followed by the Bacteroidetes (30%, mostly in the order Bacteroidales), Proteobacteria (1.8%), and Lentisphaerae, Verrucomicrobia, TM7, Spirochaetes, Actinobacteria, and Aminanaerobia (all <0.1%). The novelty in this ecosystem is great; 94% of the phylotypes were unclassified at the “species” level and thus likely include novel cellulolytic lineages.
Academy for Information Systems Spring 3-23-2010 AN INVESTIGATION INTO THE ADOPTION OF ELECTRONIC BUSINESS IN SAUDI ARABIA USING THE TECHNOLOGY-ORGANIZATION-ENVIRONMENT FRAMEWORK

Despite the proliferation of e-business adoption by organisations and the world-wide growth of the ebusiness phenomenon, there is a paucity of empirical studies that examine the adoption of e-business in the Middle East. The aim of our study is to provide insights into the salient e-business adoption issues by focusing on Saudi Arabian businesses. We developed a conceptual model for electronic business (ebusiness) adoption incorporating ten factors based on the technology-organization-environment framework. Survey data from 550 businesses were used to test the model and hypotheses. We conducted confirmatory factor analysis to assess the reliability and validity of constructs. The findings of the study suggest that firm technology competence, size, top management Support, technology orientation, consumer readiness, trading partner readiness and regulatory support are important antecedents of e-business adoption and utilisation. In addition, the study finds that, competitive pressure and organisational customer and competitor orientation is not a predictor for e-business adoption and utilisation. The implications of the findings are discussed and suggestions for future inquiry are presented.