Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An investigation into the influence of cross-cultural differences in self-consistency and desirability on well-being and posttraumatic psychological adjustment

Objectives: The self (content and structure) has been shown to play a major role in psychological processes involved in well-being and universal disorders, including depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, many theories of such disorders give little consideration to research demonstrating an influence of culture on the self. Furthermore, while research has considered self-concept structure (i.e., self-consistency), self-concept content has been given less attention. The objectives of the current study were to investigate the influence of cross-cultural differences in self-concept structure and content on well-being (Study 1a) and posttraumatic psychological adjustment (Study 1b). Design: A two-group (British vs. East Asian) quantitative cross-sectional design was used. Participants (172 British, 122 East Asian) in Study 1a completed self-report measures assessing self-consistency and well-being. Of the participants in Study 1a, 83 British and 41 East Asian had experienced a traumatic event and thus also took part in Study 1b. In Study 1b participants completed measures assessing trauma-centrality and PTSD symptoms. Results: British participants showed greater overall self-consistency. When investigating content (i.e., desirability of characteristics) British participants showed greater desirable types of consistency. In contrast, East Asian participants showed greater undesirable types of selfconsistency. Significant relationships were found for both cultural groups between selfconsistency and well-being. Specifically, consistency to undesirable characteristics was found to significantly correlate with lower levels of well-being (Study 1a). Relationships between self-concept (structure and content) and posttraumatic psychological adjustment were less clear (Study 1b). Conclusions: This study highlights the complex relationship between self-concept and wellbeing and emphasises the importance of structure and content. It also draws attention to the influence of culture. Further research is required to make firm conclusions in relation to II PTSD. This study further supports the cross-cultural consideration of well-being and PTSD, highlighting the importance of future investigation when considering culturally appropriate models and interventions.
Distribution of calcium‐binding protein calbindin‐D28k in the auditory system of adult and developing rats

Calbindin‐D28k (CaBP) is a calcium‐binding protein, which appears to be involved in the buffering of free intracellular calcium and may thereby contribute to calcium homeostasis. This study attempted to determine the distribution pattern of CaBP immunoreactivity in the central auditory system of adult rats and during development, when calcium ions play key roles in several aspects of nerve cell function. It was found that most steps during CaBP development occur postnatally in the central auditory system. With the exception of the lateral superior olive, the ventral and the intermediate nuclei of the lateral lemniscus, and the auditory cortex, which already express CaBP prenatally, CaBP immunoreactivity is not present before postnatal day 2 (P2). Development proceeds until about P24, when the pattern characteristic of adult animals can be seen. There was no detectable sequence in CaBP development from lower to higher stations in the auditory pathway, i.e., the different nuclei appear to express CaBP independently of each other, indicating that intrinsic, rather than peripheral, maturation processes may predominantly influence CaBP expression.
Extracting Opinions, Opinion Holders, and Topics Expressed in Online News Media Text

This paper presents a method for identifying an opinion with its holder and topic, given a sentence from online news media texts. We introduce an approach of exploiting the semantic structure of a sentence, anchored to an opinion bearing verb or adjective. This method uses semantic role labeling as an intermediate step to label an opinion holder and topic using data from FrameNet. We decompose our task into three phases: identifying an opinion-bearing word, labeling semantic roles related to the word in the sentence, and then finding the holder and the topic of the opinion word among the labeled semantic roles. For a broader coverage, we also employ a clustering technique to predict the most probable frame for a word which is not defined in FrameNet. Our experimental results show that our system performs significantly better than the baseline.
La guidance parentale logopédique : un outil pour améliorer la communication et le comportement d’enfants d’âge préscolaire

Externalizing behavior problems in preschoolers are often associated with several risk factors, including language and communication difficulties. Firstly, the present research aims to study the association between language development (articulation/phonology, vocabulary, grammar) and externalizing behavior in 3 to 5 year-old. Secondly, the present research analyses the impact of a parent-based language intervention, aiming to enhance children’s communication and behavioral abilities, on three groups of preschoolers: a group of typically developing children, a group of children at risk for behavior problems and a group of children with a clinical level of externalizing behavior problems. Finally, thirdly, the factors influencing this program efficiency (parents’ socioeconomic variables and children’s language development, behavior problems, temperament) were evaluated.
The Somatostatin Analogue Octreotide Inhibits Growth of Small Intestine Neuroendocrine Tumour Cells

Octreotide is a widely used synthetic somatostatin analogue that significantly improves the management of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). Octreotide acts through somatostatin receptors (SSTRs). However, the molecular mechanisms leading to successful disease control or symptom management, especially when SSTRs levels are low, are largely unknown. We provide novel insights into how octreotide controls NET cells. CNDT2.5 cells were treated from 1 day up to 16 months with octreotide and then were profiled using Affymetrix microarray analysis. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analyses were used to validate microarray profiling in silico data. WST-1 cell proliferation assay was applied to evaluate cell growth of CNDT2.5 cells in the presence or absence of 1 µM octreotide at different time points. Moreover, laser capture microdissected tumour cells and paraffin embedded tissue slides from SI-NETs at different stages of disease were used to identify transcriptional and translational expression. Microarrays analyses did not reveal relevant changes in SSTR expression levels. Unexpectedly, six novel genes were found to be upregulated by octreotide: annexin A1 (ANXA1), rho GTPase-activating protein 18 (ARHGAP18), epithelial membrane protein 1 (EMP1), growth/differentiation factor 15 (GDF15), TGF-beta type II receptor (TGFBR2) and tumour necrosis factor (ligand) superfamily member 15 (TNFSF15). Furthermore, these novel genes were expressed in tumour tissues at transcript and protein levels. We suggest that octreotide may use a potential novel framework to exert its beneficial effect as a drug and to convey its action on neuroendocrine cells. Thus, six novel genes may regulate cell growth and differentiation in normal and tumour neuroendocrine cells and have a role in a novel octreotide mechanism system.
[Robotic versus laparoscopic gastrectomy for gastric cancer: a meta-analysis].

OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical efficacy with meta-analysis between robot-assisted gastrectomy(RAG) and laparoscopy-assisted gastrectomy (LAG) for gastric cancer. METHODS A literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Wanfang Data, CNKI(Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure), and CBM(China Biological Medicine) databases for clinical researches published before July 2015 that compared RAG with LAG. Operative time, estimated blood loss, harvested lymph nodes, proximal margin, distal margin, hospital stay, conversion and complications were compared using weighted mean differences(WMD) and odds ratios (OR). RESULTS Sixteen studies were included in the analysis, comprising 5 764 patients(1 593 RAGs, 4 171 LAGs). RAG was associated with longer operative time (WMD=49.68, 95% CI: 35.54 to 63.82, P=0.000), less estimated blood loss (WMD=-26.10, 95% CI: -42.90 to -9.31, P=0.002), and shorter hospital stay(WMD=-0.72, 95% CI: -1.35 to -0.09, P=0.024). Conversion, mortality, complications, proximal margin, distal margin and harvested lymph nodes of RAG were similar to LAG. In meta-analysis results of distal gastrectomy and early-stage gastric cancer, RAG had more harvested lymph nodes (distal gastrectomy: WMD=2.23, 95% CI: 0.33 to 4.13, P=0.021; early-stage gastric cancer: WMD=2.58, 95% CI: 1.05 to 4.12, P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS RAG can be performed safely with less estimated blood loss and more harvested lymph nodes as compared to LAG. Radical resection can be achieved by RAG.
Operative Management of Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease

Lumbar degenerative disc disease is extremely common. Current evidence supports surgery in carefully selected patients who have failed non-operative treatment and do not exhibit any substantial psychosocial overlay. Fusion surgery employing the correct grafting and stabilization techniques has long-term results demonstrating successful clinical outcomes. However, the best approach for fusion remains debatable. There is some evidence supporting the more complex, technically demanding and higher risk interbody fusion techniques for the younger, active patients or patients with a higher risk of non-union. Lumbar disc arthroplasty and hybrid techniques are still relatively novel procedures despite promising short-term and mid-term outcomes. Long-term studies demonstrating superiority over fusion are required before these techniques may be recommended to replace fusion as the gold standard. Novel stem cell approaches combined with tissue engineering therapies continue to be developed in expectation of improving clinical outcomes. Results with appropriate follow-up are not yet available to indicate if such techniques are safe, cost-effective and reliable in the long-term.
The Bacteroides mobilizable transposon Tn4555 integrates by a site-specific recombination mechanism similar to that of the gram-positive bacterial element Tn916

The Bacteroides mobilizable transposon Tn4555 is a 12.2-kb molecule that encodes resistance to cefoxitin. Conjugal transposition is hypothesized to occur via a circular intermediate and is stimulated by coresident tetracycline resistance elements and low levels of tetracycline. In this work, the ends of the transposon were identified and found to consist of 12-bp imperfect inverted repeats, with an extra base at one end. In the circular form, the ends were separated by a 6-bp "coupling sequence" which was associated with either the left or the right transposon terminus when the transposon was inserted into the chromosome. Tn4555 does not duplicate its target site upon insertion. Using a conjugation-based transposition assay, we showed that the coupling sequence originated from 6 bases of genomic DNA flanking either side of the transposon prior to excision. Tn4555 preferentially transposed into a 589-bp genomic locus containing a 207-bp direct repeat. Integration occurred before or after the repeated sequence, with one integration site between the two repeats. These observations are consistent with a transposition model based on site-specific recombination. In the bacteriophage lambda model for site-specific recombination, the bacteriophage recombines with the Escherichia coli chromosome via a 7-bp "crossover" region. We propose that the coupling sequence of Tn4555 is analogous in function to the crossover region of lambda but that unlike the situation in lambda, recombination occurs between regions of nonhomologous DNA. This ability to recombine into divergent target sites is also a feature of the gram-positive bacterial transposon Tn916.
A Significant Outcome of Work Life: Occupational Accidents in a Developing Country, Turkey

A Significant Outcome of Work Life: Occupational Accidents in a Developing Country, Turkey: O. Alp Ergör, et al. Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylül University, Turkey—Occupational accident rates are high in the developing world and they are among the crucial indicators of work life. The data on serious occupational accidents in three years from the Aegean Region of Turkey were analyzed in order to define the working life situation. The data for 1995–97 were obtained from The Social Insurance Institution. Variables were defined for workers, work environment and working conditions for descriptive analysis. The relationships between these variables and outcomes of the occupational accidents were analyzed. The fatality risk was 2.6 times higher for mining and construction than for the production sector (p<0.001), and 1.6 times higher for evening and night shifts than for day shifts (p<0.01). Mortality from being struck by something, falls, motor vehicle accidents and electrocutions were significantly higher than being cut or in, under or between objects (OR 3.5, 8.7, 23.1, 26.1 respectively and p<0.01). As a conclusion, it was suggested that within the globalization picture, occupational health problems in the developing world should be explored intensively in order to establish effective prevention programs.
The Effect of Image Pixelation on Unfamiliar‐Face Matching

Summary Low-resolution, pixelated images from closed-circuit television (CCTV) can be used to compare the perpetrators of crime with high-resolution photographs of potential suspects. The current study investigated the accuracy of person identification under these conditions, by comparing high-resolution and pixelated photographs of unfamiliar faces in a series of matching tasks. Performance decreased gradually with different levels of pixelation and was close to chance with a horizontal image resolution of only 8 pixels per face (Experiment 1). Matching accuracy could be improved by reducing the size of pixelated faces (Experiment 2) or by varying the size of the to-be-compared-with high-resolution face image (Experiment 3). In addition, pixelation produced effects that appear to be separable from other factors that might affect matching performance, such as changes in face view (Experiment 4). These findings reaffirm that criminal identifications from CCTV must be treated with caution and provide some basic estimates for identification accuracy with different pixelation levels. This study also highlights potential methods for improving performance in this task. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Constraints from inflation on scalar-tensor gravity theories.

We show how observations of the perturbation spectra produced during inflation may be used to constrain the parameters of general scalar-tensor theories of gravity, which include both an inflaton and dilaton field. An interesting feature of these models is the possibility that the curvature perturbations on super-horizon scales may not be constant due to non-adiabatic perturbations of the two fields. Within a given model, the tilt and relative amplitude of the scalar and tensor perturbation spectra gives constraints on the parameters of the gravity theory, which may be comparable with those from primordial nucleosynthesis and post-Newtonian experiments.
Employment and Sexual Orientation: Disclosure and Discrimination in the Workplace

Economist, sociologists, and other social scientists have begun to study the influence of sexual orientation on individuals in the labor market, particularly with respect to employment discrimination. The conceptual framework developed in this paper connects lesbian, gay, and bixexual workers' disclosure of their sexual orientation to the economic and social characteristics of the workplace. Disclosure creates the potential for discrimination by employers and coworkers. The framework shows how sexual orientation operates independently and in interaction with other important characteristics such as race and gender. A review of existing research supports the hypothesis that discrimination against gay workers exists. Both workplace groups for gays and lesbians and those who work gay and lesbian workers (such as supervisors, personnel managers, and counselors) need to understand the relationship between disclosure and discrimination in order to make workplaces supportive of lesbian, gay, and bisexual workers.
Cancer stem cells in moderately differentiated oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma

Oral cancers are the 10th most common cancer worldwide, with oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) having the highest incidence.1 Surgery and radiotherapy (RT), the mainstay treatments for OTSCC, impact on the patients' quality of life and the 50% 5-year survival has remained unchanged for 40 years.1 Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been proposed to be the origin of many cancers, including oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC). CSCs express the embryonic stem cell (ESC) markers OCT4,2 NANOG,3 SOX2,2 SALL43 and STAT3,4 the more ‘downstream’ CSC marker CD442 and the epithelial cell marker p63,5 suggesting a diverse phenotype. The relative abundance and co-expression of these markers and their localisation within OCSCC remain unclear. 4 μm thick formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded sections of moderately differentiated OTSCC (MDOTSCC) samples from seven male and three female patients, aged 30–84 (mean 63.3) (see online supplementary table S1) were used for immunohistochemical (IHC) staining, as previously described.6 All sections underwent single 3,3-diaminobenzidine (DAB) IHC staining for the primary antibodies NANOG, 1:500 (cat#D73G4; Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, Massachusetts, USA), SOX2, 1:500 (cat#PA1-094; Thermo Fisher Scientific, Santa Cruz, California, USA), CD44, 1:1500 (cat#MRQ-13; Cell Marque, Santa Cruz, California, USA), pSTAT-3, 1:100 (cat#D3A7; Cell Signaling Technology), SALL4, 1:100 (cat#6E3; Cell Marque) and OCT4, 1:30 (cat#MRQ-10; Cell Marque), Bond Ready-To-Use p63 (cat#NCL-p63; Leica, Newcastle, UK). To confirm co-expression of two proteins, representative slides of MDOTSCC (n=2) underwent immunofluorescent (IF) IHC staining using a combination of VectaFluor Excel anti-rabbit 594 (ready-to-use, cat#VEDK-1594, Vector Laboratories, Burlingame, CA, USA) and Alexa Fluor anti-mouse 488 (1:500, cat#A21202, Life Technologies) to detect combinations that included NANOG, SOX2 and pSTAT3 and VectaFluor Excel anti-mouse (ready-to-use, cat#VEDK2488, Vector Laboratories) and Alexa Fluor anti-rabbit 594 (1:500, cat#A21207, Life Technologies) to detect combinations that included OCT4 or SALL4. Positive …
Phrase Representations for Multiword Expressions

Recent works in Natural Language Processing (NLP) using neural networks have focused on learning dense word representations to perform classiﬁcation tasks. When dealing with phrase prediction problems, is is common practice to use special tagging schemes to identify segments boundaries. This allows these tasks to be expressed as common word tagging problems. In this paper, we propose to learn ﬁxed-size representations for arbitrarily sized chunks. We introduce a model that takes advantage of such representations to perform phrase tagging by directly identifying and classifying phrases. We evaluate our approach on the task of multiword expression (MWE) tagging and show that our model outperforms the state-of-the-art model for this task.
Exploration-dependent modulation of evoked responses in fascia dentata: dissociation of motor, EEG, and sensory factors and evidence for a synaptic efficacy change

Sharp et al. (1986, 1989) described several alterations in hippocampal responses to perforant path stimulation which accompany exploratory activity. Animals transferred from one environment to another exhibited substantial increases in population EPSPs, and large decreases in both the amplitude and the peak latency of population spikes. These changes are unlike the “gating” effects of behavioral state reported by Winson and Abzug (1977, 1978) in that they considerably outlast the behaviors that produce them and (as shown here) can be dissociated from the EEG state of the hippocampus. In this report we describe several new observations that aid in the interpretation of the possible mechanisms and functional significance of these effects. Transportation of animals from their home environment to a different location was accompanied by: (1) an increase in the incidence of exploratory behavior, and EEG theta rhythm, (2) a substantial, reliable, and persistent (more than 15 min) elevation in the size of the evoked field EPSP recorded at the site of synaptic activation in the stratum moleculare and in the stratum granulosum/hilus, and (3) a reduction in the evoked population spike, and (paradoxically) in the latencies to spike onset and peak. There were no associated changes in the spike threshold (defined as the magnitude of the field EPSP at spike onset), the amplitude of the presynaptic fiber volley, or the fractional change in the second synaptic response during paired-pulse stimulation (suggesting the absence of a change in fractional transmitter release). Neither the motor component of exploratory behaviors nor the hippocampal theta rhythm itself was sufficient to account for the changes in the synaptic and spike components of the response. Thus, the changes may depend on reorientation of the animal's sensorium during exploration, rather than on movement per se or the associated hippocampal theta rhythm. The results of these experiments suggest that exploration-related EPSP growth is due neither to granule cell hyperpolarization nor to changes in the distribution of current sources and sinks on granule cells. Rather, the data suggest that exploratory behavior is accompanied by a substantial increase in evoked synaptic efficacy in granule cells, an increase that long outlasts the behavior that produces it. A possible role for these alterations in information processing and memory is discussed.
Biotin synthase from Escherichia coli: isolation of an enzyme-generated intermediate and stoichiometry of S-adenosylmethionine use.

A cell-free extract from Escherichia coli containing an E. coli biotin synthase that was expressed to approx. 1% of soluble cell protein by cloning the E. coli bioB gene was used to investigate the biotin synthase reaction. The pH optimum was between 8 and 8.5, and the reaction velocity was dependent on the concentrations of dethiobiotin, cysteine, S-adenosylmethionine and asparagine. The catalytic-centre activity of the enzyme in vitro was estimated to be 0.95 h-1, and each molecule of enzyme turned over less than one molecule of dethiobiotin, i.e. the enzyme was not acting catalytically. HPLC analysis of reaction mixtures revealed the presence of a compound with the characteristics of an intermediate: (1) it was labelled with 14C, and therefore derived from the [14C]dethiobiotin substrate; (2) it was present only in reaction mixtures containing biotin synthase; (3) it was not derived from [14C]biotin; (4) 35S from [35S]cystine was incorporated into the intermediate during the reaction; (5) its synthesis was dependent on the presence of S-adenosylmethionine, and was decreased when free cysteine was omitted from the reaction; (6) it could be isolated from the reaction mixture by chromatography and then re-introduced into an assay as the substrate, whereupon it was converted to biotin; (7) this conversion to biotin was S-adenosylmethionine-dependent. During the reaction S-adenosylmethionine was cleaved to methionine and presumably 5'-deoxyadenosine. Observation of the intermediate allowed us to perform experiments to determine the stoichiometry of S-adenosylmethionine use. We propose that two molecules of S-adenosylmethionine are used to synthesize one molecule of biotin, i.e. one from dethiobiotin to the intermediate, and a second from the intermediate to biotin.