Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anticipating Social Pleasure with Family, Friends, and New People: Conceptualization, Measurement, and Implications for Personality and Psychopathology

Individual differences in anticipatory pleasure have been studied primarily in physical or sensory domains, such as anticipating eating tasty food or the anticipating the excitement of riding a rollercoaster. The present studies were designed to extend this research to the social domain. We propose that, just as in nonsocial domains, people in social situations will orient and move toward those experiences they expect and predict will be pleasurable for them. Current self-report measures of social pleasure or its absence (i.e., anhedonia) tend to assess consummatory (in-the-moment) pleasure across one global, social domain. The current studies sought to define and assess individual differences that distinguish anticipatory pleasure in different kinds of social relationships. Conceptual, item-analytic, and factor-analytic work provided consistent evidence that self-reports of social pleasure anticipation can be distinguished across three relationship domains: Friends, Family, and New People. The Social Pleasure Anticipation (SPA) scales showed internal consistency and retest reliability, convergent and discriminant validity evidence when related to measures of social and nonsocial pleasure and to measures of personality and social functioning, as well as external validity based on peer reports. The SPA scales differentially predicted unique and replicated patterns of personality traits, psychological symptoms, and well-being. Discussion focuses on the implications of this tripartite taxonomy of the social domain for theories and measures of social functioning that so far have been conceptualized only at the global, undifferentiated level.
Changes in Hepatic Gene Expression upon Oral Administration of Taurine-Conjugated Ursodeoxycholic Acid in ob/ob Mice

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly prevalent and associated with considerable morbidities. Unfortunately, there is no currently available drug established to treat NAFLD. It was recently reported that intraperitoneal administration of taurine-conjugated ursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) improved hepatic steatosis in ob/ob mice. We hereby examined the effect of oral TUDCA treatment on hepatic steatosis and associated changes in hepatic gene expression in ob/ob mice. We administered TUDCA to ob/ob mice at a dose of 500 mg/kg twice a day by gastric gavage for 3 weeks. Body weight, glucose homeostasis, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and hepatic gene expression were examined in comparison with control ob/ob mice and normal littermate C57BL/6J mice. Compared to the control ob/ob mice, TUDCA treated ob/ob mice revealed markedly reduced liver fat stained by oil red O (44.2±5.8% vs. 21.1±10.4%, P<0.05), whereas there was no difference in body weight, oral glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and ER stress. Microarray analysis of hepatic gene expression demonstrated that oral TUDCA treatment mainly decreased the expression of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis among the components of lipid homeostasis. At pathway levels, oral TUDCA altered the genes regulating amino acid, carbohydrate, and drug metabolism in addition to lipid metabolism. In summary, oral TUDCA treatment decreased hepatic steatosis in ob/ob mice by cooperative regulation of multiple metabolic pathways, particularly by reducing the expression of genes known to regulate de novo lipogenesis.
White matter disease induced by high-dose chemotherapy: longitudinal study with MR imaging and proton spectroscopy.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to determine the time course for development of white matter changes induced by high-dose chemotherapy. METHODS Eight patients with advanced breast cancer were entered into a prospective, longitudinal trial that included examination by MR imaging and proton MR spectroscopy before chemotherapy and through 12 months after treatment with carmustine, cyclophosphamide, and cisplatin, combined with autologous hematopoietic progenitor cell support (AHPCS). RESULTS Six patients completed induction chemotherapy, at which time all MR imaging studies appeared normal. At 3 months after the conclusion of high-dose chemotherapy and beyond, three of the four patients remaining in the study showed an increasing volume of white matter changes, which appeared to stabilize during the period from 6 months to 1 year. Maximal volumes of abnormal white matter ranged from 73 to 166 cm3. MR spectroscopy showed little or no change in metabolic ratios through the period of observation, although there was a suggestion of small transient treatment-related decreases in the ratio of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA) to creatine. CONCLUSION White matter changes are common sequelae of treatment with high-dose chemotherapy combined with AHPCS, occurring early in the period following high-dose chemotherapy, with a rapid and progressive accumulation to about 6 months, but not accompanied by persistent neurologic symptoms. The MR spectroscopic analyses suggest a minimal disturbance of the neuronal marker NAA, a finding that may in part explain the good neurologic outcome.
Modelling Compression with Discourse Constraints

Sentence compression holds promise for many applications ranging from summarisation to subtitle generation and subtitle generation. The task is typically performed on isolated sentences without taking the surrounding context into account, even though most applications would operate over entire documents. In this paper we present a discourse informed model which is capable of producing document compressions that are coherent and informative. Our model is inspired by theories of local coherence and formulated within the framework of Integer Linear Programming. Experimental results show significant improvements over a stateof-the-art discourse agnostic approach.
Wnt Signaling Alteration in the Spinal Cord of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis Transgenic Mice: Special Focus on Frizzled-5 Cellular Expression Pattern

Background Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive paralysis due to degeneration of motor neurons by unknown causes. Recent evidence shows that Wnt signaling is involved in neurodegenerative processes, including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. However, to date, little is known regarding the expression of Wnt signaling components in this fatal condition. In the present study we used transgenic SOD1G93A mice to evaluate the expression of several Wnt signaling components, with special focus on Frizzled-5 cellular expression alteration along disease progression. Findings Based on previous studies demonstrating the expression of Wnts and their transcriptional regulation during Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis development, we have analyzed the mRNA expression of several Wnt signaling components in the spinal cord of SOD1G93A transgenic mice at different stages of the disease by using real time quantitative PCR analysis. Strikingly, one of the molecules that seemed not to be altered at mRNA level, Frizzled-5, showed a clear up-regulation at late stages in neurons, as evidenced by immunofluorescence assays. Moreover, increased Frizzled-5 appears to correlate with a decrease in NeuN signal in these cells, suggesting a correlation between neuronal affectation and the increased expression of this receptor. Conclusions Our data suggest the involvement of Wnt signaling pathways in the pathophysiology of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and, more specifically, the implication of Frizzled-5 receptor in the response of neuronal cells against neurodegeneration. Nevertheless, further experimental studies are needed to shed light on the specific role of Frizzled-5 and the emerging but increasing Wnt family of proteins research field as a potential target for this neuropathology.
A Matrix-Based Random Key Pre-distribution Scheme for Wireless Sensor Networks

Dynamics of wireless sensor networks (WSN) make security one of the top issues we should pay attention to. WSN's can be deployed in hostile environments where their nodes are easy to be captured or re-programmed for deleterious use by an adversary. Therefore, it is necessary to protect communications between sensor nodes through cryptographic methods. To address this, symmetric key management in wireless sensor networks arises as a challenging security issue because other key management issues (e.g., asymmetric cryptography or key distribution centers) are proven undesirable for resource-limited sensor nodes. So far, several key distribution schemes have been proposed to solve key management problems. In this paper, we propose a matrix-based random key pre-distribution scheme, which uses simple linear algebraic operations to derive common keys and is shown to be better resilient against node collusion than certain existing schemes.
Learning temporal-dependent ranking models

Web archives already hold together more than 534 billion files and this number continues to grow as new initiatives arise. Searching on all versions of these files acquired throughout time is challenging, since users expect as fast and precise answers from web archives as the ones provided by current web search engines. This work studies, for the first time, how to improve the search effectiveness of web archives, including the creation of novel temporal features that explore the correlation found between web document persistence and relevance. The persistence was analyzed over 14 years of web snapshots. Additionally, we propose a temporal-dependent ranking framework that exploits the variance of web characteristics over time influencing ranking models. Based on the assumption that closer periods are more likely to hold similar web characteristics, our framework learns multiple models simultaneously, each tuned for a specific period. Experimental results show significant improvements over the search effectiveness of single-models that learn from all data independently of its time. Thus, our approach represents an important step forward on the state-of-the-art IR technology usually employed in web archives.
Aqueous extract of Zizyphus jujuba fruit attenuates glucose induced neurotoxicity in an in vitro model of diabetic neuropathy

Objective(s): The neuroprotective effect of fruit aqueous extract of Ziziphus jujuba Lam on glucose-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells as an appropriate in vitro model of diabetic neuropathy was investigated. Materials and Methods: Cell viability was determined by the MTT assay. Cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation was measured by DCFH-DA analysis. Cleaved caspase-3, a biochemical parameter of cellular apoptosis, was measured by western blot analysis. Results: Our data showed that a 4-fold elevation in glucose levels within the medium significantly reduced cell viability, increased intracellular ROS and caspase-3 activation in PC12 cells after 24 hr. Incubation of the high glucose medium cells with 300-μg/ml Z. jujuba fruit (ZJF) extract decreased the high glucose-induced cell toxicity and prevented caspase-3 activation and excited ROS generation. Conclusion: Thus, we concluded that the aqueous extract of Z. jujuba protects against hyperglycaemia-induced cellular toxicity. This could be associated with the prevention of ROS generation and neural apoptosis. Moreover, the results suggest that the ZJF has a therapeutic potential to attenuate diabetes complications such as neuropathy.
Detection of icaA, icaD genes and biofilm production by Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis isolated from urinary tract catheterized patients.

BACKGROUND Staphylococci are a common cause of catheter-associated urinary tract infections. The present study evaluated biofilm forming capacity and the presence of both icaA and icaD genes among staphylococci strains isolated from patients undergoing ureteral catheterization. METHODOLOGY Different bacterial strains were isolated from urine and stents segments collected from 100 patients. Strains were identified by traditional microbiological methods. Stents were examined for biofilm using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Staphylococcal isolates were tested for their ability to produce biofilm using the tissue culture plate assay method (TCP). The presence of icaA and icaD genes was determined by PCR technique. RESULTS Fifty-three staphylococcal strains were isolated and identified from 284 samples (18.7%). Forty-six staphylococcal strains were isolated from stent segment cultures while only seven strains were isolated from urine samples at the day of stent removal. S. aureus represented 6.3%, and S. epidermidis represented 12.3%. Out of the 18 S. aureus strains, 15 (83.3%) were biofilm producers and out of 35 S. epidermidis strains, 31 (88.6%) were biofilm producers. Staphylococcal strains were further classified as high (56.6%), moderate (30.2%) and non biofilm producers (13.2%). All biofilm producing strains were positive for icaA and icaD genes, and all biofilm negative strains were negative for both genes. CONCLUSION Staphylococci isolated from catheter segments showed a higher extent of biofilm production than that isolated from urine samples. All biofilm producing staphylococci were positive for icaA and icaD genes, which indicates the important role of ica genes as virulence markers in staphylococcal infections associated with urinary catheterization.
Young Children playing together: A choice of engagement

ABSTRACT This article highlights the findings of an empirical research project, using an ethnographic approach, taking place over one academic year. It investigates the different forms of engagement that children may present, when acting in free play situations in a nursery in NW England, without direct adult intervention. This range of engagement includes passive, intermittent and two forms of cooperative play, termed divergent and convergent. In the latter, children developed collaborations, using inter-subjectivity, through a series of phases. In this form of engagement, young children are able to develop and sustain play episodes, particularly where they are familiar and friendly with their play partner. Young children playing in peer dyads are the most common grouping for convergent play to occur, although the exclusivity of this grouping may appear to contradict practitioners’ pro-social agendas.
A macroeconomic foundation for the equilibrium term structure of interest rates

This paper explores the term structure of interest rates implied by a stochastic endogenous growth model with imperfect price adjustment. The production and pricesetting decisions of firms drive low-frequency movements in growth and inflation rates that are negatively related. With recursive preferences, these growth and inflation dynamics are crucial for rationalizing key stylized facts in bond markets. When calibrated to macroeconomic data, the model quantitatively explains the means and volatilities of nominal bond yields and the failure of the expectations hypothesis. JEL Classification: E43, E44, G12, G18
Pengaruh Pendidikan Keluarga terhadap Pembentukan Karakter Anak di Kelurahan Gunung Sulah

The purpose of this research was to explain and analyze the influence of family education on the establishment of the character of children in Gunung Sulah village Kecamatan Way Halim Lampung. The research method used in this research was descriptive quantitative methods. The subjects of the research were some families in Gunung Sulah Bandar Lampung, which totaled 331 family. Sample in this research was 31 KK. The main technique of data collection was using questionnairre. Data analysis was using Chi Squared. The research results which based on the data analysis and the testing of hypotheses done suggested that: there is a positive, significant, and strong closeness was category between the influence of families education to the character of children development.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menjelaskan dan menganalisis pengaruh pendidikan keluarga terhadap pembentukan karakter anak di Kelurahan Gunung Sulah Kecamatan Way Halim Bandar Lampung. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Subyek yang diteliti merupakan keluarga di sebagian lingkungan Kelurahan Gunung Sulah Bandar Lampung, yang berjumlah 331 kartu keluarga. Sampel dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 31 kartu keluarga (KK). Teknik pokok pengumpulan data menggunakan angket. Analisis data menggunakan Chi Kuadrat. Hasil penelitian berdasarkan hasil analisis data dan pengujian hipotesis yang telah dilakukan menunjukan bahwa: terdapat hubungan yang positif, signifikan, dan kategori keeratan kuat antara pengaruh pendidikan keluarga terhadap pembentukan karakter anak.
A Diurnal Rhythm of Stimulatory Input to the Hypothalamo–Pituitary–Adrenal System as Revealed by Timed Intrahypothalamic Administration of the Vasopressin V1Antagonist

The mammalian suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) contain an endogenous pacemaker that generates daily rhythms in behavior and secretion of hormones. We hypothesized that the SCN imposes its circadian rhythm on the rest of the brain via a rhythmic release of its transmitters in its target areas. Previously, we demonstrated a pronounced inhibitory effect of vasopressin (VP), released from SCN terminals in the dorsomedial hypothalamus, on the release of the adrenal hormone corticosterone. In the present study, microdialysis-mediated intracerebral administration of the VP V1-receptor antagonist was used to pursue the study of the mechanisms underlying the circadian control of basal corticosterone release. Using timed administrations of the VP antagonist divided equally over the day/night cycle, we were able to uncover the existence of an additional stimulatory input from the SCN to the hypothalamo–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis. Peak activity of this stimulatory SCN input takes place during the second half of the light period, after the daily peak of VP secretion, with a delay of ∼4–6 hr. In all likelihood, the inhibitory and stimulatory circadian input via separate mechanisms affects corticosterone release. Together, these two opposing circadian control mechanisms of the HPA axis enable a precise timing of the circadian peak in corticosterone release.
De Novo Donor-Specific HLA Antibody Development and Peripheral CD4+CD25high Cells in Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Place for Interaction?

The aim of this study was to determine whether the abundance of regulatory T cells (Tregs) (CD4+CD25high) affects the de novo development of anti-HLA donor-specific antibodies (DSAs) in kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). Methods. Unsensitized (PRA ≤ 10%, no DSA) adult primary KTRs who received a living (83%) or deceased (17%) KT in our Institution during 2004/2005 were included. DSA testing was performed monthly, and Tregs were quantified by flow cytometry every 3 months, during the 1st year after KT. All patients received triple drug immunosuppressive therapy (CNI + MMF or AZA + PDN); 83% received anti-CD25. Results. 53 KTRs were included; 32% developed DSA during the 1st year after KT. Significantly lower 7-year graft survival was observed in those who developed DSA. No difference was observed in Treg numbers up to 9 months after KT, between DSA positive and negative. However, at 12 months after KT, DSA-negative patients had significantly higher numbers of Treg. Conclusions. Early development of DSA was not associated to variations in Treg abundance. The differences in Treg numbers observed at the late time point may reflect better immune acceptance of the graft and may be associated to long-term effects. Additional inhibitory mechanisms participating earlier in DSA development after KT deserve to be sought.
Emotion Recognition Based on High-Resolution EEG Recordings and Reconstructed Brain Sources

Electroencephalography (EEG)-based emotion recognition is currently a hot issue in the affective computing community. Numerous studies have been published on this topic, following generally the same schema: 1) presentation of emotional stimuli to a number of subjects during the recording of their EEG, 2) application of machine learning techniques to classify the subjects’ emotions. The proposed approaches vary mainly in the type of features extracted from the EEG and in the employed classifiers, but it is difficult to compare the reported results due to the use of different datasets. In this paper, we present a new database for the analysis of valence (positive or negative emotions), which is made publicly available. The database comprises physiological recordings and 257-channel EEG data, contrary to all previously published datasets, which include at most 62 EEG channels. Furthermore, we reconstruct the brain activity on the cortical surface by applying source localization techniques. We then compare the performances of valence classification that can be achieved with various features extracted from all source regions (source space features) and from all EEG channels (sensor space features), showing that the source reconstruction improves the classification results. Finally, we discuss the influence of several parameters on the classification scores.
Exploring the Hidden Costs of Human–Wildlife Conflict in Northern Kenya

Abstract: Human–wildlife conflict (HWC) is often considered in terms of how the impact on humans can be mitigated, but in the context of the larger goal of meeting conservation goals. This article explores the hidden costs of HWC on human well-being in northern Kenya through a qualitative case study of Laikipia County. Drawing on narratives of wildlife as destructive, wildlife as inherently more important or valuable than humans, and wildlife preservation as a pathway for capturing resources, it explores the impacts of HWC on human well-being, situating the study within the HWC, political ecology, and human security literature. Résumé: Les conflits humains-faune (CHF) sont souvent considérés comme des moyens d’analyser l’impact de la faune sur les humains dans le contexte des objectifs de conservation. Cet article explore les coûts cachés du CHF sur le bien-être humain dans le nord du Kenya grâce à une étude de cas qualitative du comté de Laikipia. Il s’inspire d’une variété de récits sur les CHF—incluant la faune sauvage comme destructrice pour les humains, la faune comme intrinsèquement plus importante que les humains et la chasse comme voie de capture des ressources—pour explorer les impacts du CHF sur la sécurité et le bien-être des humains.
Rethinking the Control–Freedom Paradox in Innovation: Toward a Multifaceted Understanding of Creative Freedom

In this article, we argue for the reconceptualization of the control–freedom paradox in managing and motivating innovators. We call for conceptually separating managerial control and the consideration of organizational benefit, and caution that treating them as synonymous can lead managers to protect innovators from the very factors that support their intrinsic motivation. We draw attention to the dual motivational drivers of innovators, namely personal interest and organizational benefit, and discuss how they interact in defining the level of innovators’ intrinsic motivation toward creative efforts. In so doing, we draw attention to the paradoxical nature of creative freedom: While the need to contribute to organizational benefit sets boundaries for creative action taken in an organizational context, it is simultaneously essential for the sense of autonomy experienced by innovators. Our findings contribute to the paradox studies of innovation, creativity, and innovation management, research on the complexity of intrinsic motivation as well as studies of change processes in organizations.