Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Replacement of unfractionated heparin by low-molecular-weight heparin for postorthopedic surgery antithrombotic prophylaxis lowers the overall risk of symptomatic thrombosis because of a lower frequency of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia

1. Baxter EJ, Scott LM, Campbell PJ, et al. Acquired mutation of the tyrosine kinase JAK2 in human myeloproliferative disorders. Lancet. 2005;365:10541061. 2. Levine RL, Wadleigh M, Cools J, et al. Activating mutation in the tyrosine kinase JAK2 in polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and myeloid metaplasia with myelofibrosis. Cancer Cell. 2005;7:387-397. 3. James C, Ugo V, Le Couedic JP, et al. A unique clonal JAK2 mutation leading to constitutive signalling causes polycythaemia vera. Nature. 2005;434:11441148. 4. Kralovics R, Passamonti F, Buser AS, et al. A gain-of-function mutation of JAK2 in myeloproliferative disorders. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:1779-1790. 5. Cools J, Peeters P, Veet T, et al. Genomic organization of human JAK2 and mutation analysis of its JH2-domain in leukemia. Cytogenet Cell Genet. 1999; 85:260-266. 6. Reiter A, Walz C, Watmore A, et al. The t(8;9)(p22;p24) is a recurrent abnormality in chronic and acute leukemia that fuses PCM1 to JAK2. Cancer Res. 2005;65:2662-2667. 7. Peeters P, Raynaud SD, Cools J, et al. Fusion of TEL, the ETS-variant gene 6 (ETV6), to the receptor-associated kinase JAK2 as a result of t(9;12) in a lymphoid and t(9;15;12) in a myeloid leukemia. Blood. 1997;90:2535-2540. 8. Griesinger F, Podleschny M, Steffens R, et al. A novel BCR-JAK2 fusion gene is the result of a translocation (9;22)(p24;q11) in a case of CML [abstract]. Blood. 2000;96:352a. 9. Schwaller J, Frantsve J, Aster J, et al. Transformation of hematopoietic cell lines to growth-factor independence and induction of fatal myeloand lymphoproliferative disease in mice by retrovirally transduced TEL/JAK2 fusion genes. EMBO J. 1998;17:5321-5333. 10. Curtin NJ, Campbell PJ, Green AR. The Philadelphia translocation and preexisting myeloproliferative disorders. Br J Haematol. 2005;128:734-736.
The Effects of Probability and Discriminability on the Evoked Potentials to Unpredictable Stimuli a

The detection of unpredictable target stimuli in a train of standard stimuli has been associated with several distinct components of the human evoked potential (Ritter and Vaughan, 1969; Squires et al., 1975; Ford et al., 1976; Goodin et al., 1978). The amplitude of one of these components-the late positive component, P3 or P~oo-is closely related to the improbability of the stimulus (Squires et al., 1976). The occurrence of an unpredictable target may be described in terms of either temporal probability-the probability of a target within a given period of tirne-r sequential probability-the probability of a target within a number of stimuli (Picton and Stuss, 1980). * Recent results (Fitzgerald and Picton, 1981) have suggested that temporal rather than sequential probability may be the major determining factor for P3 amplitude. These experiments used a relatively simple discrimination task. The present study was designed to determine whether the effect of temporal probability was independent of task difficulty. Would a more difficult target-standard discrimination require more attention to the standard stimuli and to the sequential probability of the target, thereby decreasing the effects of temporal probability?
Reflected Brownian Motion in a Wedge : Sum-of-Exponential Stationary Densities

We give necessary and sufficient conditions for the stationary density of reflected Brownian motion (RBM) in a wedge to be written as a finite sum of terms of exponential product form. Relying on geometric ideas reminiscent of the reflection principle, we give an explicit formula for the density in such cases. We also show that the density can be written as a determinant.
Anatomical and electrophysiological development of the hypothalamic orexin neurons from embryos to neonates

The amount, quality, and diurnal pattern of sleep change greatly during development. Developmental changes of sleep/wake architecture are in a close relationship to brain development. The fragmentation of wake episodes is one of the salient features in the neonatal period, which is also observed in mature animals and human individuals lacking neuropeptide orexin/hypocretin signaling. This raises the possibility that developmental changes of lateral hypothalamic orexin neurons are relevant to the development of sleep/wake architecture. However, little information is available on morphological and physiological features of developing orexin neurons. To address the cellular basis for maturation of the sleep/wake regulatory system, we investigated the functional development of orexin neurons in the lateral hypothalamus. The anatomical development as well as the changes in the electrophysiological characteristics of orexin neurons was examined from embryonic to postnatal stages in orexin‐EGFP mice. Prepro‐orexin promoter activity was detectable at embryonic day (E) 12.0, followed by expression of orexin A after E14.0. The number of orexin neurons and their membrane capacitance reached similar levels to adults by postnatal day (P) 7, while their membrane potentials, firing rates, and action potential waveforms were developed by P21. The hyperpolarizing effect of serotonin, which is a major inhibitory signal for adult orexin neurons, was detected after E18.0 and matured at P1. These results suggest that the expression of orexin peptides precedes the maturation of electrophysiological activity of orexin neurons. The function of orexin neurons gradually matures by 3 weeks after birth, coinciding with maturation of sleep/wake architecture.
Memory , sleep and generalization in language acquisition

ion relevant for language acquisition. Infants could track and learn both specific and abstract information but respond to these differentially before and after sleep. Or infants could forget specific details of the stimulus with sleep. The latter seems more likely given that infants who did not sleep immediately after test showed no memory for the artificial language 24 hours later. We are presently investigating these hypotheses using an AAB/ABA language that should result in a more straightforward test result (the effect we have reported before, where infants’ listening times are conditional on the first trial encountered at test, may © 2011. John Benjamins Publishing Company All rights reserved Sleep and generalization in language acquisition 1 stem from the fact that legal and illegal strings are so similar in form with only the specific non-adjacencies, but not the underlying structure, differing). Infants in our studies are familiarized with AAB or ABA strings with A and B elements instantiated in different timbres. They are then tested with visually-presented AAB and ABA shape sequences or with tones (in both cases infants must transfer knowledge of the pattern to new stimuli). If infants discriminate in the visual modality, this would suggest they have formed an amodal abstraction, but there is also evidence for modality-specific abstraction if they can transfer from timbre to musical tones. In short, findings like these suggest that the organic process of memory consolidation is instrumental in constraining learning. In our studies so far, memory consolidation associated with sleep introduces flexibility into learning, such that infants recognize a pattern at test regardless of whether it is instantiated exactly as it was before. Sleep then sustains the learning of previously encountered information in a form that enables children to generalize to similar but not identical cases, and it also introduces flexibility into learning. The ability to abstract in this way may be particularly important for infants who need to retain key aspects of prior experience for generalizing to novel scenarios.
Quantitative Studies on Structure-DPPH• Scavenging Activity Relationships of Food Phenolic Acids

Phenolic acids are potent antioxidants, yet the quantitative structure-activity relationships of phenolic acids remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to establish 3D-QSAR models able to predict phenolic acids with high DPPH• scavenging activity and understand their structure-activity relationships. The model has been established by using a training set of compounds with cross-validated q2 = 0.638/0.855, non-cross-validated r2 = 0.984/0.986, standard error of estimate = 0.236/0.216, and F = 139.126/208.320 for the best CoMFA/CoMSIA models. The predictive ability of the models was validated with the correlation coefficient r2pred = 0.971/0.996 (>0.6) for each model. Additionally, the contour map results suggested that structural characteristics of phenolics acids favorable for the high DPPH• scavenging activity might include: (1) bulky and/or electron-donating substituent groups on the phenol ring; (2) electron-donating groups at the meta-position and/or hydrophobic groups at the meta-/ortho-position; (3) hydrogen-bond donor/electron-donating groups at the ortho-position. The results have been confirmed based on structural analyses of phenolic acids and their DPPH• scavenging data from eight recent publications. The findings may provide deeper insight into the antioxidant mechanisms and provide useful information for selecting phenolic acids for free radical scavenging properties.
Climate-driven range expansion of a critically endangered top predator in northeast Atlantic waters

Global climate change is driving rapid distribution shifts in marine ecosystems; these are well established for lower trophic levels, but are harder to quantify for migratory top predators. By analysing a 25-year sightings-based dataset, we found evidence for rapid northwards range expansion of the critically endangered Balearic shearwater Puffinus mauretanicus in northeast Atlantic waters. A 0.6°C sea surface temperature increase in the mid-1990s is interpreted as an underlying controlling factor, while simultaneous northward shifts of plankton and prey fish species suggests a strong bottom-up control. Our results have important conservation implications and provide new evidence for climate-driven regime shift in Atlantic ecosystems.
Iterated Monodromy Group With Non-Martingale Fixed-Point Process

We construct families of rational functions $f: \mathbb{P}^1_k \rightarrow \mathbb{P}^1_k$ of degree $d \geq 2$ over a perfect field $k$ with non-martingale fixed-point processes. Then for any normal variety $X$ over $\mathbb{P}_{\bar{k}}^N$, we give conditions on $f: X \rightarrow X$ to guarantee that the associated fixed-point process is a martingale. This work extends the previous work of Bridy, Jones, Kelsey, and Lodge on martingale conditions and answers their question on the existence of a non-martingale fixed-point process associated with the iterated monodromy group of a rational function.
Listwise Generative Retrieval Models via a Sequential Learning Process

Recently, a novel generative retrieval (GR) paradigm has been proposed, where a single sequence-to-sequence model is learned to directly generate a list of relevant document identifiers (docids) given a query. Existing generative retrieval (GR) models commonly employ maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) for optimization: this involves maximizing the likelihood of a single relevant docid given an input query, with the assumption that the likelihood for each docid is independent of the other docids in the list. We refer to these models as the pointwise approach in this paper. While the pointwise approach has been shown to be effective in the context of generative retrieval (GR), it is considered sub-optimal due to its disregard for the fundamental principle that ranking involves making predictions about lists. In this paper, we address this limitation by introducing an alternative listwise approach, which empowers the generative retrieval (GR) model to optimize the relevance at the docid list level. Specifically, we view the generation of a ranked docid list as a sequence learning process: at each step we learn a subset of parameters that maximizes the corresponding generation likelihood of the i -th docid given the (preceding) top i − 1 docids. To formalize the sequence learning process, we design a positional conditional probability for generative retrieval (GR). To alleviate the potential impact of beam search on the generation quality during inference, we perform relevance calibration on the generation likelihood of model-generated docids according to relevance grades. We conduct extensive experiments on representative binary and multi-graded relevance datasets. Our empirical results demonstrate that our method outperforms state-of-the-art generative retrieval (GR) baselines in terms of retrieval performance.
Addressing Source Scale Bias via Image Warping for Domain Adaptation

In visual recognition, scale bias is a key challenge due to the imbalance of object and image size distribution inherent in real scene datasets. Conventional solutions involve injecting scale invariance priors, oversampling the dataset at different scales during training, or adjusting scale at inference. While these strategies mitigate scale bias to some extent, their ability to adapt across diverse datasets is limited. Besides, they increase computational load during training and latency during inference. In this work, we use adaptive attentional processing -- oversampling salient object regions by warping images in-place during training. Discovering that shifting the source scale distribution improves backbone features, we developed a instance-level warping guidance aimed at object region sampling to mitigate source scale bias in domain adaptation. Our approach improves adaptation across geographies, lighting and weather conditions, is agnostic to the task, domain adaptation algorithm, saliency guidance, and underlying model architecture. Highlights include +6.1 mAP50 for BDD100K Clear $\rightarrow$ DENSE Foggy, +3.7 mAP50 for BDD100K Day $\rightarrow$ Night, +3.0 mAP50 for BDD100K Clear $\rightarrow$ Rainy, and +6.3 mIoU for Cityscapes $\rightarrow$ ACDC. Our approach adds minimal memory during training and has no additional latency at inference time. Please see Appendix for more results and analysis.
Effect of Phoenix Dactylifera Pollen on Sperm Parameters and Reproductive system of Adult Male Rats

Background: There is a rapidly growing trend in the consumption of herbal remedies in the developing countries. The Phoenix dactylifera date palm pollen (DPP) is used in the traditional medicine for male infertility. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of orally administered DPP on the reproductive system of adult male rats. Methods: Fifty Sprague-Dawley rats were maintained according to standard laboratory conditions. They were divided into five groups (n=10) and received daily gavages of aqueous suspensions DPP containing 30, 60, 120 and 240 mg/kg, for 35 consecutive days. At the end the sperm was collected from ductus deferens under anesthesia and their numbers, motility, and morphology were determined under light microscopy. The DNA integrity or denaturation was also evaluated by acridine orange staining. The weight of the testis and reproductive appendages was also determined, and after tissue processing, their histology were studied by light microscope. Results: The comparative evaluation between control and experimental groups revealed that consumption of DPP suspensions improved the sperm count, motility, morphology, and DNA quality with a concomitant increase in the weights of testis and epididymis. It did not significantly affect the weight of the prostate and the seminal vesicle or the histology of the reproductive tissues.
IVAC-P2L: Leveraging Irregular Repetition Priors for Improving Video Action Counting

Video Action Counting (VAC) is crucial in analyzing sports, fitness, and everyday activities by quantifying repetitive actions in videos. However, traditional VAC methods have overlooked the complexity of action repetitions, such as interruptions and the variability in cycle duration. Our research addresses the shortfall by introducing a novel approach to VAC, called Irregular Video Action Counting (IVAC). IVAC prioritizes modeling irregular repetition patterns in videos, which we define through two primary aspects: Inter-cycle Consistency and Cycle-interval Inconsistency. Inter-cycle Consistency ensures homogeneity in the spatial-temporal representations of cycle segments, signifying action uniformity within cycles. Cycle-interval inconsistency highlights the importance of distinguishing between cycle segments and intervals based on their inherent content differences. To encapsulate these principles, we propose a new methodology that includes consistency and inconsistency modules, supported by a unique pull-push loss (P2L) mechanism. The IVAC-P2L model applies a pull loss to promote coherence among cycle segment features and a push loss to clearly distinguish features of cycle segments from interval segments. Empirical evaluations conducted on the RepCount dataset demonstrate that the IVAC-P2L model sets a new benchmark in VAC task performance. Furthermore, the model demonstrates exceptional adaptability and generalization across various video contents, outperforming existing models on two additional datasets, UCFRep and Countix, without the need for dataset-specific optimization. These results confirm the efficacy of our approach in addressing irregular repetitions in videos and pave the way for further advancements in video analysis and understanding.
One-sided DI-QKD secure against coherent attacks over long distances

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) is a technique enabling provable secure communication but faces challenges in device characterization, posing potential security risks. Device-Independent (DI) QKD protocols overcome this issue by making minimal device assumptions but are limited in distance because they require high detection efficiencies, which refer to the ability of the experimental setup to detect quantum states. It is thus desirable to find quantum key distribution protocols that are based on realistic assumptions on the devices as well as implementable over long distances. In this work, we consider a one-sided DI QKD scheme with two measurements per party and show that it is secure against coherent attacks up to detection efficiencies greater than 50.1% specifically on the untrusted side. This is almost the theoretical limit achievable for protocols with two untrusted measurements. Interestingly, we also show that, by placing the source of states close to the untrusted side, our protocol is secure over distances comparable to standard QKD protocols.
Fenfluramine and phentermine and cardiovascular findings: effect of treatment duration on prevalence of valve abnormalities.

BACKGROUND The combination of fenfluramine and phentermine was a widely used obesity treatment before the withdrawal of fenfluramine for an association with heart valve regurgitation. The prevalence and clinical significance of regurgitation among patients treated with these medications has yet to be fully established. METHODS AND RESULTS To evaluate the potential association between the duration of treatment and the prevalence of heart valve abnormalities, we examined 1163 patients who had taken fenfluramine-phentermine and 672 control patients who had not taken the drug combination within 5 years. Mild or greater aortic regurgitation was present in 8.8% of treated patients and 3.6% of control patients (P<0.001). Moderate or greater mitral regurgitation was present in 2.6% of treated patients and 1.5% of control patients (P=0.18). The adjusted odds ratio compared with controls of aortic regurgitation of mild or greater severity increased according to duration of treatment: 90 to 180 days, 1.5 (P=0.23); 181 to 360 days, 2.4 (P=0.002); 361 to 720 days, 4.6 (P<0.001); >720 days, 6.2 (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS This is the largest study to demonstrate a relation between the length of treatment with fenfluramine-phentermine and the prevalence of valvular abnormalities. These findings suggest that valvular abnormalities in patients who took fenfluramine-phentermine primarily involve those who had taken these medications for >6 months and predominantly results in mild aortic regurgitation. The valve regurgitation identified by this study was not accompanied by significant differences in cardiovascular symptoms nor physical findings other than a higher prevalence of heart murmurs.
Examining self-disclosure on wearable devices: The roles of benefit structure and privacy calculus

Wearable devices that allow users to track and monitor physical activities offer various benefits, such as improving self-awareness and promoting positive health-related behaviors. However, wearable devices also pose privacy risks associated with self-disclosure of sensitive personal data. Few empirical studies focus on users’ decision-making process regarding self-disclosure using wearable devices. Additionally, previous research tends to study current users while ignoring prospective and former users. This study proposes a research model to examine the role of privacy calculus and benefit structure on self-disclosure among prospective, current, and former users of wearable devices. In particular, we examine how perceived hedonic and utilitarian benefits as well as users’ privacy calculus motivate users to disclose, and cease continued use. By examining the interplay between benefit structure and privacy calculus, this study aims to advance our knowledge on the crucial antecedents of self-disclosure on wearable devices.
Immunological Roles of Elevated Plasma Levels of Matricellular Proteins in Japanese Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Elevated matricellular proteins (MCPs), including osteopontin (OPN) and galectin-9 (Gal-9), were observed in the plasma of patients with Manila-type tuberculosis (TB) previously. Here, we quantified plasma OPN, Gal-9, and soluble CD44 (sCD44) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and another 29 cytokines by Luminex assay in 36 patients with pulmonary TB, six subjects with latent tuberculosis (LTBI), and 19 healthy controls (HCs) from Japan for a better understanding of the roles of MCPs in TB. All TB subjects showed positive results of enzyme-linked immunospot assays (ELISPOTs). Spoligotyping showed that 20 out of 36 Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) strains belong to the Beijing type. The levels of OPN, Gal-9, and sCD44 were higher in TB (positivity of 61.1%, 66.7%, and 63.9%, respectively) than in the HCs. Positive correlations between OPN and Gal-9, between OPN and sCD44, and negative correlation between OPN and ESAT-6-ELISPOT response, between chest X-ray severity score of cavitary TB and ESAT-6-ELISPOT response were observed. Instead of OPN, Gal-9, and sCD44, cytokines G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-α, IFN-γ, IL-12p70, and IL-1RA levels were higher in Beijing MTB-infected patients. These findings suggest immunoregulatory, rather than inflammatory, effect of MCPs and can advance the understanding of the roles of MCPs in the context of TB pathology.