Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The conceptual basis for interprofessional collaboration: Core concepts and theoretical frameworks

Interprofessional collaboration is a key factor in initiatives designed to increase the effectiveness of health services currently offered to the public. It is important that the concept of collaboration be well understood, because although the increasingly complex health problems faced by health professionals are creating more interdependencies among them, we still have limited knowledge of the complexity of interprofessional relationships. The goal of this literature review was to identify conceptual frameworks that could improve our understanding of this important aspect of health organizations. To this end, we have identified and taken into consideration: (A) the various definitions proposed in the literature and the various concepts associated with collaboration, and (B) the various theoretical frameworks of collaboration. Our results demonstrate that: (1) the concept of collaboration is commonly defined through five underlying concepts: sharing, partnership, power, interdependency and process; (2) the most complete models of collaboration seem to be those based on a strong theoretical background, either in organizational theory or in organizational sociology and on empirical data; (3) there is a significant amount of diversity in the way the various authors conceptualized collaboration and in the factors influencing collaboration; (4) these frameworks do not establish clear links between the elements in the models and the outputs; and (5) the literature does not provide a serious attempt to determine how patients could be integrated into the health care team, despite the fact that patients are recognized as the ultimate justification for providing collaborative care.
Competing for Order Flow in OTC Markets

The authors develop a model of a two-sided asset market in which trades are intermediated by dealers and are bilateral. Dealers compete to attract order flow by posting the terms at which they execute trades, which can include prices, quantities, and execution times, and investors direct their orders toward dealers that offer the most attractive terms of trade. Equilibrium outcomes have the following properties. First, investors face a trade-off between trading costs and speeds of execution. Second, the asset market is endogenously segmented in the sense that investors with different asset valuations and different asset holdings will trade at different speeds and different costs. For example, under a Leontief technology to match investors and dealers, per unit trading costs decrease with the size of the trade, in accordance with the evidence from the market for corporate bonds. Third, dealers’ implicit bargaining powers are endogenous and typically vary across sub-markets. Finally, the authors obtain a rich set of comparative statics both analytically, by studying a limiting economy where trading frictions are small, and numerically. For instance, the authors find that the relationship between trading costs and dealers’ bargaining power can be hump-shaped.
Dual superconformal symmetry from AdS5xS5 superstring integrability

We discuss 2d duality transformations in the classical AdS5 � S 5 superstring and their effect on the integrable structure. T-duality along four directions in the Poincareparametrization of AdS5 maps the bosonic part of the superstring action into itself. On the bosonic level, this duality may be understood as a symmetry of the first-order (phase space) system of equations for the coset components of the current. The associated Lax connection is invariant modulo the action of an soð2; 4Þ-automorphism. We then show that this symmetry extends to the full superstring, provided one supplements the transformation of the bosonic components of the current with a transformation on the fermionic ones. At the level of the action, this symmetry can be seen by combining the bosonic duality transformation with a similar one applied to part of the fermionic superstring coordinates. As a result, the full superstring action is mapped into itself, albeit in a different � -symmetry gauge. One implication is that the dual model has the same superconformal symmetry group as the original one, and this may be seen as a consequence of the integrability of the superstring. The invariance of the Lax connection under the duality implies a map on the full set of conserved charges that should interchange some of the Noether (local) charges with hidden (nonlocal) ones and vice versa.
From Stagnation to Sustained Growth: The Role of Female Empowerment

This paper explores the role of gender equality over a long-run economic and demographic development path of industrialized countries. Our unified cliometric growth model of female empowerment suggests that changes in gender relations are a key ingredient of economic development. The economy evolves from a Malthusian regime--with slow technological progress, low income and low fertility--to a Modern Growth regime, with high living standards and low fertility. The rise in technological progress, together with improvements in gender equality, generates a positive feedback loop that engages the process of human capital accumulation (economic transition) and triggers the demographic transition.
Marine Reserves: Is There a Free Lunch?

This paper employs a spatial and intertemporal model of renewable resource exploitation to investigate the effects of marine reserve creation. The model combines the H. S. Gordon/Vernon Smith hypothesis of a rent dissipation process with Ricardian notions that resources are exploited across space in a pattern dependent upon relative profitabilities. The metapopulation model employed here incorporates modern biological ideas that stress patch heterogeneity, linkages, and dispersal processes between patches. The spatial bioeconomic model is then used to simulate the effects of reserve creation under various ecological structures. We find, under certain parameter configurations and ecological linkages, that there is potential for a "double-dividend" where both aggregate biomass and harvest increase after an area of the fishery is set aside and protected from exploitation.
PROTEIN STRUCTURE PREDICTION BY MEANS OF SEQUENTIAL PATTERN MINING

Mining frequent pattern is a NP-hard problem and has become a hot topic in recent researches. Moreover, protein dataset contains distinct Pattern that can be used in many areas such as drug discovery, disease prediction, etc. In early decades, pattern discovery and protein fold recognition was determined by biophysics and biochemistry approach; and X-ray and NMR have been used for protein structure prediction which are very expensive and time consuming while, a mathematical approach can reduce the cost of such laboratory experiments. Many computer based tests have been applied for the protein fold detection such as graph based algorithms and data mining viewpoints like classification or clustering, and all have their advantages and drawbacks. Pattern matching in protein sequential dataset for fold recognition plays a meaningful role in the field of bioinformatics since it evolved prediction of unknown protein function. There are lots of pattern recognition algorithms but in this work we used PrefixSpan. The reason of selecting this algorithm will be discussed below in section 2. For evaluating the result of experiments we used SCOPE dataset which is a classified protein dataset and ASTRAL, a discriminative sequential dataset of SCOPE.
IMF Working Paper African Department Who Can Explain The Mauritian Miracle : Meade , Romer , Sachs or Rodrik ? Prepared

The views expressed in this Working Paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent those of the IMF or IMF policy. Working Papers describe research in progress by the author(s) and are published to elicit comments and to further debate. This paper examines different explanations—initial conditions, openness to trade and FDI, and institutions—of the Mauritian growth experience since the mid-1970s. We show that arguments based on openness to trade and FDI are either misleading or incomplete, and the transmission mechanism insufficiently identified. However, even when correctly articulated, openness appears to be a proximate rather than an underlying explanation for the Mauritian experience. The institution-based explanation offers greater promise. Ultimately, however, the econometric results indicate that existing explanations may be incomplete. Some idiosyncratic factors, particularly Mauritian diversity and the responses to managing it, may provide the missing pieces in the story of Mauritius’s success. JEL Classification Numbers: F1, F4, O0, O1, O2, O4, O5
Successful use of tablet personal computers and wireless technologies for the 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey

Using tablet personal computers and wireless technologies in place of paper-based questionnaires to administer the Nepal DHS in a geographically diverse setting appeared to improve data quality and reduce data collection time. Challenges include inconsistent electricity supply, safe storage and transport of equipment, and screen readability issues under direct sunlight, which limited confidential interview spaces. Using tablet personal computers and wireless technologies in place of paper-based questionnaires to administer the Nepal DHS in a geographically diverse setting appeared to improve data quality and reduce data collection time. Challenges include inconsistent electricity supply, safe storage and transport of equipment, and screen readability issues under direct sunlight, which limited confidential interview spaces. ABSTRACT Computer-Assisted Personal Interviewing (CAPI), coupled with the use of mobile and wireless technology, is growing as a data collection methodology. Nepal, a geographically diverse and resource-scarce country, implemented the 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, a nationwide survey of major health indicators, using tablet personal computers (tablet PCs) and wireless technology for the first time in the country. This paper synthesizes responses on the benefits and challenges of using new technology in such a challenging environment from the 89 interviewers who administered the survey. Overall, feedback from the interviewers indicate that the use of tablet PCs and wireless technology to administer the survey demonstrated potential to improve data quality and reduce data collection time—benefits that outweigh manageable challenges, such as storage and transport of the tablet PCs during fieldwork, limited options for confidential interview space due to screen readability issues under direct sunlight, and inconsistent electricity supply at times. The introduction of this technology holds great promise for improving data availability and quality, even in a context with limited infrastructure and extremely difficult terrain.
CUDA Implementation of Deformable Pattern Recognition and its Application to MNIST Handwritten Digit Database

In this study we propose a deformable pattern recognition method with CUDA implementation. In order to achieve the proper correspondence between foreground pixels of input and prototype images, a pair of distance maps are generated from input and prototype images, whose pixel values are given based on the distance to the nearest foreground pixel. Then a regularization technique computes the horizontal and vertical displacements based on these distance maps. The dissimilarity is measured based on the eight-directional derivative of input and prototype images in order to leverage characteristic information on the curvature of line segments that might be lost after the deformation. The prototype-parallel displacement computation on CUDA and the gradual prototype elimination technique are employed for reducing the computational time without sacrificing the accuracy. A simulation shows that the proposed method with the k-nearest neighbor classifier gives the error rate of 0.57% for the MNIST handwritten digit database.
Probabilistic Planning for Multi-Robot Systems

Christopher Amato∗, Shayegan Omidshafiei†, Ali-akbar Agha-mohammadi‡, George Konidaris§, Jonathan P. How† and Leslie P. Kaelbling¶ ∗Department of Computer Science, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 †LIDS, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 ‡Qualcomm, San Diego, CA 92121 §Departments of Computer Science and Electrical and Computer Engineering, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708 ¶CSAIL, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139
Work Groups and Teams in Organizations: Review Update

This review chapter examines the literature on work team effectiveness. To begin, we consider their nature, define them, and identify four critical conceptual issues—context, workflow, levels, and time—that serve as review themes and discuss the multitude of forms that teams may assume. We then shift attention to the heart of the review, examining key aspects of the creation, development, operation, and management of work teams. To accomplish objectives of breadth and integration, we adopt a lifecycle perspective to organize the review. Topics involved in the team lifecycle include: (1) team composition; (2) team formation, socialization, and development; (3) team processes, effectiveness, and enhancements; (4) team leadership and motivation; (5) and team continuance and decline. We characterize representative theory and research, identify thematic limitations, and highlight work that is beginning to push the boundaries on our critical conceptual issues. We also address application concerns where possible. Finally, we close with a discussion that reflects back on the topics, considers the state of progress regarding our critical conceptual themes, and suggests directions for new research to foster continued progress and development.
A Method of Morphing Spectral Envelopes of the Singing Voice for Use with Backing Vocals

The voice morphing process presented in this paper is based on the observation that, in many styles of music, it is often desirable for a backing vocalist to blend his or her timbre with that of the lead vocalist when the two voices are singing the same phonetic material concurrently. This paper proposes a novel application of recent morphing research for use with a source backing vocal and a target lead vocal. The function of the process is to alter the timbre of the backing vocal using spectral envelope information extracted from both vocal signals to achieve varying degrees of blending. Several original features are proposed for the unique usage context, including the use of LSFs as voice morphing parameters, and an original control algorithm that performs crossfades between synthesized and unsynthesized audio on the basis of voiced/unvoiced decisions.
Quality of Life and Quality of Care in Patients With Diabetes Experiencing Different Models of Care

OBJECTIVE To study variation in quality of life and quality of care in patients with diabetes experiencing three different models of care: traditional hospital care, hospital/general practitioner (GP) shared care, and structured GP care. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A cross-sectional study involving 1,456 patients with diabetes (71% response rate) was conducted. Quality of life was assessed with the Audit of Diabetes-Dependent Quality of Life (ADDQoL) instrument and quality of care with a 10-point process-of-care report card. RESULTS The adjusted odds ratio (OR) for a high (upper quartile) ADDQoL score was significantly increased in the structured care relative to the traditional hospital care group (OR 1.7 [95% CI 1.2–2.5]). A significantly higher proportion of structured GP care patients reported compliance with seven or more key process-of-care measures compared with the other models of care. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes quality of life may be enhanced when care is provided in a primary care setting without compromising quality of care.
Proteomic Analysis of Duodenal Tissue from Escherichia coli F18-Resistant and -Susceptible Weaned Piglets

Diarrhea and edema disease in weaned piglets due to infection by Escherichia coli F18 is a leading cause of economic loss in the pig industry. Resistance to E. coli F18 depends on expression of receptors on intestinal epithelial cells, and individual immunity. This study was conducted in Sutai pig E. coli F18-resistant and -susceptible full sib-pair individuals, identified on the basis of resource populations and verification of adhesion assays. The molecular mechanism underlying E. coli F18 resistance was investigated through analysis of the expression of E. coli F18 receptor associated and innate immunity proteins, using proteomics and bioinformatics techniques. Two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis revealed a total of 20 differentially expressed proteins in E. coli F18-resistant and -susceptible groups (10 upregulated and 10 downregulated). A total of 16 differentially expressed proteins were identified by MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectral analysis. According to gene ontology and pathway analysis, differentially expressed proteins were mainly involved in cell adhesion, immune response and other biologically relevant functions. Network analysis of interactions between differentially expressed proteins indicated a likelihood of their involvement in E. coli F18 infection. The expression levels of several important proteins including actin beta (ACTB), vinculin (VCL), heat stress proteins (HSPs) and transferrin (TF) in E. coli F18-resistant and -susceptible individuals were verified by Western blotting, supporting the identification of ACTB, VCL, HSPs and TF as promising candidate proteins for association with E. coli F18 susceptibility.
Wearable Intelligent Systems for E-Health

Due to the increasingly aging population, there is a rising demand for assistive living technologies for the elderly to ensure their health and well-being. The elderly are mostly chronic patients who require frequent check-ups of multiple vital signs, some of which (e.g., blood pressure and blood glucose) vary greatly according to the daily activities that the elderly are involved in. Therefore, the development of novel wearable intelligent systems to effectively monitor the vital signs continuously over a 24 hour period is in some cases crucial for understanding the progression of chronic symptoms in the elderly. In this paper, recent development of Wearable Intelligent Systems for e-Health (WISEs) is reviewed, including breakthrough technologies and technical challenges that remain to be solved. A novel application of wearable technologies for transient cardiovascular monitoring during water drinking is also reported. In particular, our latest results found that heart rate increased by 9 bpm (P
Multi-path, context dependent SC-HMM architectures for improved connected word recognition

Connected Word Recognition (CWR) systems are needed for many consumer applications. In such applications cost is a major factor. Several architectures for HMM based CWR are examined to provide an optimal cost effective configuration. Three architectures were examined: a simple LTR with no skips, LTR with skips (LTR-WS) and Multi-Path LTR. The LTR-WS and the MP-LTR were shown to be superior to the simple LTR. The MP-LTR exhibited the best results with long strings.
Local Barriers and Solutions to Improve Care-Seeking for Childhood Pneumonia, Diarrhoea and Malaria in Kenya, Nigeria and Niger: A Qualitative Study

We present qualitative research findings on care-seeking and treatment uptake for pneumonia, diarrhoea and malaria among children under 5 in Kenya, Nigeria and Niger. The study aimed to determine the barriers caregivers face in accessing treatment for these conditions; to identify local solutions that facilitate more timely access to treatment; and to present these findings as a platform from which to develop context-specific strategies to improve care-seeking for childhood illness. Kenya, Nigeria and Niger are three high burden countries with low rates of related treatment coverage, particularly in underserved areas. Data were collected in Homa Bay County in Nyanza Province, Kenya; in Kebbi and Cross River States, Nigeria; and in the Maradi and Tillabéri regions of Niger. Primary caregivers of children under 5 who did not regularly engage with health services or present their child at a health facility during illness episodes were purposively selected for interview. Data underwent rigorous thematic analysis. We organise the identified barriers and related solutions by theme: financial barriers; distance/location of health facilities; socio-cultural barriers and gender dynamics; knowledge and information barriers; and health facility deterrents. The relative importance of each differed by locality. Participant suggested solutions ranged from community-level actions to facility-level and more policy-oriented actions, plus actions to change underlying problems such as social perceptions and practices and gender dynamics. We discuss the feasibility and implications of these suggested solutions. Given the high burden of childhood morbidity and mortality due to pneumonia, diarrhoea and malaria in Kenya, Nigeria and Niger, this study provides important insights relating to demand-side barriers and locally proposed solutions. Significant advancements are possible when communities participate in both problem identification and resolution, and are engaged as important partners in improving child health and survival.
Use of HbA1c in Predicting Progression to Diabetes in French Men and Women

OBJECTIVE—Early identification of subjects at high risk for diabetes is essential, and random HbA1c (A1C) may be more practical than fasting plasma glucose (FPG). The predictive value of A1C, in comparison to FPG, is evaluated for 6-year incident diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—From the French cohort study Data from an Epidemiological Study on the Insulin Resistance Syndrome (DESIR), 1,383 men and 1,437 women, aged 30–65 years, were volunteers for a routine health check-up. Incident diabetes was defined by FPG ≥7.0 mmol/l or treatment by antidiabetic drugs. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to predict diabetes at 6 years. Receiver operating characteristic curves compared the predictive values of A1C and FPG. RESULTS—At 6 years, 30 women (2.1%) and 60 men (4.3%) had developed diabetes. Diabetes risk increased exponentially with A1C in both sexes (P < 0.001). After stratifying on FPG, A1C predicted diabetes only in subjects with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (FPG ≥6.10 mmol/l): the odds ratio (95% CI) for a 1% increase in A1C was 7.20 (3.00–17.00). In these subjects, an A1C of 5.9% gave an optimal sensitivity of 64% and specificity of 77% to predict diabetes. CONCLUSIONS—A1C predicted diabetes, even though the diagnosis of diabetes was based on FPG, but it was less sensitive and specific than FPG. It could be used as a test if fasting blood sampling was not available or in association with FPG. In subjects with IFG, A1C is better than glucose to evaluate diabetes risk, and it could be used to select subjects for intensive early intervention.
Inflation Targeting in Emerging Market and Transition Economies: Lessons after a Decade

Starting in the early 1990s, several emerging market and transition economies (EMEs) have adopted inflation targeting (IT). In this paper we discuss a number of issues that arise in this context: (a) the definition of IT, (b) the role of preconditions for IT, (c) the use of intermediate exchange rate targets, and (d) the specification of inflation targets. Our overall conclusion is that, suitably modified, IT is a useful policy strategy for EMEs.