Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructural studies on developing parotid gland of the rat at early postnatal periods.

An electron microscopic study of the exocrine and myoepithelial cells of the parotid gland of the rat between days 2 and 40 of the postpartum was undertaken. Besides confirming morphological data of the literature on the evolution of the acinar cells, the following observations are reported. 1. At early postnatal development in some acini "mucous-like" cells containing secretory granules with light and dense parts may be observed. Cells with these types of granules were not found after day 20. 2. Morphological differentiation and maturation of the myoepithelial cells were followed. A parallelism was observed between the maturation of these myoepithelial cells and of the acinar cells. Myofilaments first appear around the nucleus at day 5 and between days 20 and 30 a considerable amount of these filaments is found in the already typical myoepithelial cells. 3. Active morphogenesis seems to be occurring in all cellular compartments namely at very early postnatal periods, e.g., between days 2 to 15. 4. The distribution and amount of thin and intermediate sized microfilaments in cells of these compartments varied visibly by various orders of magnitude.
Peroxy radical concentrations measured and calculated from trace gas measurements in the Mauna Loa Observatory Photochemistry Experiment 2

Measurements of peroxy radical concentrations ([HO 2 ] + [RO 2 ]) were made by the chemical amplifier technique during the four intensives of the Mauna Loa Observatory Photochemistry Experiment 2 (MLOPEX 2) at the Mauna Loa Observatory in 1991-1992. In this study these data are compared with the theoretical values of the peroxy radical concentrations obtained from steady state analysis of the complete suite of trace gas measurements and other relevant parameters also measured during the experiment. The data from 33 days of the study contain time overlap of the concentration and physical data which allow a meaningful theoretical treatment. The experimental results for [HO 2 ] + [RO 2 ] agree well with theory for many of the days, but are significantly suppressed from the theoretical expectations on other days. Two hypotheses are presented and tested to explain the observed suppression. The first involves the reaction of the peroxy radicals at aerosol surfaces. The second proposes the loss of [OH] through its reaction with unknown and undetected species to develop peroxy radicals subsequently to which the chemical amplifier is insensitive. Evidence at hand does not allow a clear choice between these or possible alternative explanations. The data suggest that the net rate of O 3 generation in the free troposphere is about -1.5 parts per billion by volume per day (ppbv d -1 ; 24-hour average).
Global free oscillations of the atmosphere and secondary planetary waves in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere region during August/September time conditions

[1] Wind measurements made using ground-based mesosphere and lower thermosphere radar systems at Sheffield, UK (2°W, 53°N) and Saskatoon, Canada (107°W, 52°N) show an increase in long-period planetary wave (PW) activity at the end of August until the middle of September 1993. Some of these waves can be identified with the well-known normal atmospheric modes; however, the westward propagating wave with zonal wave number one (m = 1) and a period of about 6.5 days observed during this time interval cannot be explained using the classical theory of free atmospheric oscillations. Analysis of the UKMO assimilated fields shows that in the stratosphere the 7-day wave with m = 2 increases in amplitude during the time interval considered, and there exists a strong stationary planetary wave (SPW) with m = 1. A steady state two-dimensional numerical model of planetary waves has been used to simulate the free atmospheric oscillations and secondary planetary wave, which arises from a nonlinear interaction between the second asymmetric normal mode with m = 2 (the 7-day wave) and SPW with m = 1. The results of simulation show that an increase in long-period PW activity during August/September can be explained by seasonal changes of the zonal mean flow, which influence the wave propagation conditions, and that one of the possible sources for the 6.5-day wave is a nonlinear interaction between the 7-day wave and SPW with m = 1. It is suggested that the 6.5-day wave with m = 1 be referred to as a “secondary normal mode,” which has been generated by random meteorological motions in the lower atmosphere and involving interaction with a SPW of wave number 1.
PERFORMANCE ON THE RIGHT HAND SIDE: ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE AS AN INDEPENDENT VARIABLE

Organizational performance in most survey-based management control research appears on the “left hand side of the equation” as a dependent variable. The objective typically being to identify, predict or model the effects of management control variables presumed to be causally antecedent. However, the effects of organizational performance acting as an independent variable has received surprisingly little attention in management control research. We argue that without taking into consideration the recursive effects of organizational performance, such models are likely to be incomplete and provide a distorted picture of the true causal structure of performance. Based on a questionnaire survey, and follow-up interviews with CEOs and senior executives in Australian Not-for-profit (NFP) organizations, our quantitative results do not support this contention. Our qualitative results however, reveal broader considerations that may explain this finding. We discuss the theoretical implications of these findings, and propose directions for further research in this area.
Ostracod biostratigraphy in the Lower Cretaceous of the Iberian chain (eastern Spain)

Lower Cretaceous ostracod associations (marine and nonmarine) have been studied from 34 sections of the Iberian chain or, geologically spoken, the Iberian basin (eastern Spain), in order to contribute to the chronostratigraphic correlation of the various predominantly nonmarine lithostratigraphic units in the Cameros, Maestrazgo, and South Iberian sub-basins (and the Central Iberian high in between). We have combined 87 ostracod species from 22 genera to 11 associations, each typical for certain stratigraphic levels (mostly stages) and ecologies. Nonmarine associations (dominated by the genera Cypridea and Theriosynoecum) prevailed from the Berriasian to the Barremian interval, whereas marine-brackish associations (much more diverse on the generic level) prevailed during the Aptian and Albian, and to a lesser extent during the Berriasian and Barremian. In most cases, our new ostracod data are consistent with previous correlative charts, as based upon other biostratigraphic data, mainly from charophytes, but also from few marine fossils in marine intercalations, and on depositional sequence stratigraphy. But in a few cases, our results are more or less different from those of established charts, namely in the eastern Cameros sub-basin (the Urbion group considered Late Berriasian in age instead of Valanginian-Barremian, and the Enciso group considered Late Valanginian-Barremian instead of Late Barremian-Aptian), in the northeastern Maestrazgo sub-basin (the Polacos Formation considered Late Berriasian-Early Hauterivian instead of Late Berriasian only), and in the uppermost part of the Lower Cretaceous in the South Iberian sub-basin (the Contreras and El Caroig Formations considered Albian instead of Aptian). Finally, we evaluate the usability of ostracod biostratigraphy in the Lower Cretaceous of eastern Spain and conclude that, if treated with great care especially under consideration of the biogeography and reproduction/dispersal strategies of the various groups, it should be given priority over pure lithostratigraphic correlations in conflicting cases.
de Almeida-Thouless instability in short-range Ising spin glasses.

We use high-temperature series expansions to study the ±J Ising spin glass in a magnetic field in d-dimensional hypercubic lattices for d=5-8 and in the infinite-range Sherrington-Kirkpatrick (SK) model. The expansions are obtained in the variable w=tanh^{2}J/T for arbitrary values of u=tanh^{2}h/T complete to order w^{10}. We find that the scaling dimension Δ associated with the ordering-field h^{2} equals 2 in the SK model and for d≥6. However, in agreement with the work of Fisher and Sompolinsky [Phys. Rev. Lett. 54, 1063 (1985)PRLTAO0031-900710.1103/PhysRevLett.54. 1063], there is a violation of scaling in a finite field, leading to an anomalous h-T dependence of the de Almeida-Thouless (AT) [J. Phys. A 11, 983 (1978)JPHAC50305-447010.1088/0305-4470/11/5/028] line in high dimensions, whereas scaling is restored as d→6. Within the convergence of our series analysis, we present evidence supporting an AT line in d≥6. In d=5, the exponents γ and Δ are substantially larger than mean-field values, but we do not see clear evidence for the AT line in d=5.
Development and Application of a Most-Probable-Number–PCR Assay To Quantify Flagellate Populations in Soil Samples

ABSTRACT This paper reports on the first successful molecular detection and quantification of soil protozoa. Quantification of heterotrophic flagellates and naked amoebae in soil has traditionally relied on dilution culturing techniques, followed by most-probable-number (MPN) calculations. Such methods are biased by differences in the culturability of soil protozoa and are unable to quantify specific taxonomic groups, and the results are highly dependent on the choice of media and the skills of the microscopists. Successful detection of protozoa in soil by DNA techniques requires (i) the development and validation of DNA extraction and quantification protocols and (ii) the collection of sufficient sequence data to find specific protozoan 18S ribosomal DNA sequences. This paper describes the development of an MPN-PCR assay for detection of the common soil flagellate Heteromita globosa, using primers targeting a 700-bp sequence of the small-subunit rRNA gene. The method was tested by use of gnotobiotic laboratory microcosms with sterile tar-contaminated soil inoculated with the bacterium Pseudomonas putida OUS82 UCB55 as prey. There was satisfactory overall agreement between H. globosa population estimates obtained by the PCR assay and a conventional MPN assay in the three soils tested.
Evaluation of Erectile Function and Quality of Life in Patients Undergoing Methadone Maintenance Treatment

The controversial data for erectile function and quality of life of patients undergoing methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) and lack of questionnaire-based studies, providing information about these bio-psycho-social issues, in Bulgaria motivated the investigators to examine the frequency of erectile dysfunction among patients on methadone maintenance treatment, and to identify quality of life among these subjects. For these needs cross-sectional, observational with no intervention, case-control, questionnaire-based study was performed which included participants from 18 to 40 years of age undergoing MMT for at least six months and clinically healthy people. A total of 91 patients from 5 clinical programs for MMT in Bulgaria took part in the study and 27 clinically healthy people from the same age and without a history of drug abuse, psychiatric and somatic diseases which served as a control group. All participants signed informed consent. For evaluating erectile function International Index of Erectile Function survey was used. SF 36 v.2 quality of life survey was used for assessing the quality of the participants. When comparing results of the quality of life survey in Patient and Control group significant differences were found in all of the components of the survey (p<0.05) with lower results in the Patient group. When analysing results from the IIEF survey significantly lower total scores were present for all components of the survey in the patient as compared to the group of healthy men (p<0.05).
Clinical and angiographic experience with a third-generation drug-eluting Orsiro stent in the treatment of single de novo coronary artery lesions (BIOFLOW-I): a prospective, first-in-man study.

AIMS To report the four-month and nine-month angiographic results as well as one-year clinical follow-up from the first-in-man study with the silicon carbide and sirolimus-eluting bioabsorbable polymer (poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) polymer) -coated cobalt-chromium Orsiro stent. METHODS AND RESULTS A group of 30 patients with documented myocardial ischaemia related to a single de novo coronary stenosis up to 22 mm in length, in vessels with a 2.5 to 3.5 mm reference diameter, and between >50% and <90% diameter stenosis were enrolled at two sites. The primary endpoint of the study was in-stent late lumen loss at nine months. The secondary endpoints included major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at one year defined as the composite of cardiac death, ischaemia-driven target lesion revascularisation (TLR) and target vessel myocardial infarction (MI). Procedural success was 100%. Angiographic late lumen loss was 0.12±0.19 mm and 0.05±0.22 mm at four and nine months respectively. At one-year clinical follow-up, the composite MACE was 10% with one patient who died from cardiac death and two patients who had ischaemia-driven target lesion revascularisation. There was no report of MI or stent thrombosis. CONCLUSIONS The Orsiro drug-eluting stent demonstrated potency with low rates of in-stent neointimal hyperplasia and cardiovascular events but warrants further evaluation in a larger population cohort with longer follow-up time points.
Support-Vector-Based Fuzzy Neural Networks

In this paper, novel fuzzy neural networks (FNNs) combining with support vector learning mechanism called support-vector-based fuzzy neural networks (SVFNNs) are proposed for pattern classification and function approximation. The SVFNNs combine the capability of minimizing the empirical risk (training error) and expected risk (testing error) of support vector learning in high dimensional data spaces and the efficient human-like reasoning of FNN in handling uncertainty information. A learning algorithm consisting of three learning phases is developed to construct the SVFNNs and train the parameters. In the first phase, the fuzzy rules and membership functions are automatically determined by the clustering principle. In the second phase, the parameters of FNN are calculated by the SVM and SVR with the proposed adaptive fuzzy kernel function for pattern classification and function approximation, respectively. In the third phase, the relevant fuzzy rules are selected by the proposed fuzzy rule reduction method. To investigate the effectiveness of the proposed SVFNNs, they are applied to the Iris and Vehicle datasets for classification, and oneand twovariable functions for approximation, respectively. Experimental results show that the proposed SVFNNs can achieve good pattern classification and function approximation performance with drastically reduced number of fuzzy kernel functions (fuzzy rules).
Combined Use of the JAK3 Inhibitor CP-690,550 with Mycophenolate Mofetil to Prevent Kidney Allograft Rejection in Nonhuman Primates

Background. Immunosuppression via Janus kinase (JAK) 3 inhibition affords significant prolongation of allograft survival. We investigated the effects of an immunosuppressive regimen combining the JAK3 inhibitor CP-690,550 with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) in nonhuman primates (NHPs). Methods. Life-supporting kidney transplantations were performed between ABO-compatible, MLR-mismatched NHPs. Animals were treated orally twice a day with CP-690,550 and MMF (n=8) or MMF alone (n=2) and were euthanized at day 90 or earlier due to allograft rejection. Results. Mean survival time (±SEM) in animals treated with MMF alone (23±1 days) was significantly extended in animals that concurrently received CP-690,550 (59.5±9.8 days, P=0.02). Combination animals exposed to higher levels of CP-690,550 had a significantly better survival (75.2±8.7 days) than animals that received less CP-690,550 (33.3±12.6 days, P=0.02). Three combination therapy animals were euthanized at day 90 with a subnormal renal function and early-stage acute graft rejection. Rejection, delayed by treatment, ultimately developed in other animals. Anemia and gastrointestinal intolerance was seen in combination therapy animals that otherwise did not show evidence of viral or bacterial infection besides signs consistent with subclinical pyelonephritis (n=3). One incidental lymphosarcoma was noted. Conclusions. Addition of CP-690,550 to MMF significantly improved allograft survival. The observed side effects appear amenable to improvements upon alteration of dosing strategies. Efficacy of this combination regimen suggests that it could become the backbone of calcineurin inhibitor-free regimens.
Identifying and Characterizing the Circular RNAs during the Lifespan of Arabidopsis Leaves

Leaf growth and senescence are controlled by tight genetic factors involved regulation at multiple levels. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have recently been reported as the microRNA sponge to accomplish corresponding regulatory roles. This study aims to explore the expression profile and functional role of circRNAs in Arabidopsis leaf growth and senescence. We used publically available RNA-seq data of Arabidopsis leaves to identify the circular RNA expression profile and used quantitative real-time PCR to validate our identified circRNAs. The functions of circRNAs were explored using distinct bioinformatics methods including analysis of network, gene ontology and KEGG pathway. We identified 168 circRNAs, including 40 novel circRNAs, in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves, with 158 (94.1%) circRNAs arising from the exons of genes. Real-time PCRs were used to verify 4 highly expressed circRNAs and they all showed consistent expression patterns with the RNA-seq results. Interestingly, 6 and 35 circRNAs were differentially expressed at G- to -M stage and M- to -S stage, respectively. The circRNAs display an upregulation trend during the lifespan of Arabidopsis leaves. Moreover, the expression of circRNAs during senescence is independent of host gene expression to a certain degree. The gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analysis of the targeted mRNA of circRNA–miRNA–mRNA network showed that the circRNAs may be involved in plant hormone signal transduction, Porphyrin and chlorophyll metabolism during leaves senescence. Our comprehensive analysis of the expression profile of circRNAs and their potential functions during leaf growth and senescence suggest that circRNAs may function as new post-transcriptional regulators in the senescence of Arabidopsis leaves.
Performance of an Anaerobic Baffled Filter Reactor in the Treatment of Algae-Laden Water and the Contribution of Granular Sludge

This study investigated the performance and stability of an anaerobic baffled filter reactor in the treatment of algae-laden water from Taihu Lake at several organic loading rates. The study also evaluated the capability of soft filler to train granule sludge and improve the anaerobic environment and sludge activity in the anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR), thereby enhancing the treatment efficiency. The ABR consisted of five rectangular compartments, each of which was 120 cm long, 80 cm wide, 80 cm high, and packed with soft filler. The anaerobic baffled filter reactor was found to be an efficient reactor configuration for the treatment of algae-laden water. The reactor was operated at an organic loading rate of 1.5 kg chemical oxygen demand (COD)/(m3d) and an ambient temperature of 30 °C; under these conditions, the COD removal efficiency was 80% and the biogas production rate was 293 mL/(Ld). Moreover, the soft filler increased the biomass retention time and decreased the rate at which solids were washed out from the reactor, promoting an improved spatial distribution of the microbial communities within the compartments. Methanoregula, Methanobacteriaceae, Methanosaeta, Methanoculleu, and Thermogymnomonas were the dominant archaeal species in each compartment during an operational period of approximately 100 days. The protease activity in the reactor decreased longitudinally down the reactor from Compartments 1 to 5, whereas the activity of coenzyme F420 increased. The soft filler played a key role in successfully treating algae-laden water with the anaerobic baffled filter reactor.
Decay of Mount Pinatubo aerosol at midlatitudes in the northern and southern hemispheres

Conjugate in situ observations of the stratospheric aerosol following the 1991 Mount Pinatubo eruption were made over Laramie, Wyoming (41°N), and Lauder, New Zealand (45°S), using balloon-borne backscattersondes. The results show similar aerosol loading and decay rates occurring over both midlatitude locations. A comparison with the 1982 El Chichon eruption as observed over Laramie indicates only somewhat higher mass mixing ratios for the Pinatubo eruption and very similar decay rates. As in the past, a strong correlation between local tropopause pressure and stratospheric aerosol mass loading was observed at the stations involved. Such a feature would be potentially useful for putting local measurements into a global prospective.
Feedback-Mediated Upper Extremities Exercise: Increasing Patient Motivation in Poststroke Rehabilitation

Purpose. This proof-of-concept study investigated whether feedback-mediated exercise (FME) of the affected arm of hemiplegic patients increases patient motivation and promotes greater improvement of motor function, compared to no-feedback exercise (NFE). Method. We developed a feedback-mediated treatment that uses gaming scenarios and allows online and offline monitoring of both temporal and spatial characteristics of planar movements. Twenty poststroke hemiplegic inpatients, randomly assigned to the FME and NFE group, received therapy five days a week for three weeks. The outcome measures were evaluated from the following: (1) the modified drawing test (mDT), (2) received therapy time—RTT, and (3) intrinsic motivation inventory—IMI. Results. The FME group patients showed significantly higher improvement in the speed metric (P < 0.01), and smoothness metric (P < 0.01), as well as higher RTT (P < 0.01). Significantly higher patient motivation is observed in the FME group (interest/enjoyment subscale (P < 0.01) and perceived competence subscale (P < 0.01)). Conclusion. Prolonged endurance in training and greater improvement in certain areas of motor function, as well as very high patient motivation and strong positive impressions about the treatment, suggest the positive effects of feedback-mediated treatment and its high level of acceptance by patients.