Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measuring safety climate on offshore installations

Abstract The human and organizational factors affecting safety were examined on 10 offshore installations using the Offshore Safety Questionnaire. The questionnaire contained scales measuring work pressure and work clarity, job communication, safety behaviour, risk perception, satisfaction with safety measures and safety attitudes. A total of 722 UK offshore workers (33% response rate) from a range of occupations completed and returned the questionnaire. The ‘safety climates’ on the various installations were characterized by most respondents feeling ‘safe’ with respect to a range of offshore hazards and expressing ‘satisfaction’ with safety measures. Respondents reported little risk-taking behaviour and felt positive about levels of work clarity and job communication. There was a wider diversity of opinions on the safety attitudes scale, indicating a lack of a positive, concerted ‘safety culture’ and more evidence for a range offragmented ‘safety subcultures’, which varied mainly as a function of seniori.
Revisiting the Relationship Between Students' Achievement and their Self-perceptions: A cross-national analysis based on TIMSS 1999 data

Using the Third International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) 1999 data, this study investigates the relationship between 8th graders' mathematics and science achievement and their self-perceptions. For within-country data, there is generally a positive relationship between students' achievement and three measures of their self-perception: how much they like the two subjects, their self-perceived competence in the subjects and their perceived easiness of the subjects. However, on a between-country analysis (the unit of analysis being the country) the findings are the opposite, i.e. there is a negative relationship between self-perceptions and achievement. These findings are consistent with the findings from a previous study based on TIMSS 1995 data, even though the sample of countries is different and an additional measure of self-perception is applied. Among several possible explanations, the author suggests that this pattern may reflect high academic standards in high performing countries and low academic standards in low performing countries.
Gang and Non-Gang Youth: Differences in Explanatory Factors

An apparently common assumption about juvenile gangs is that they are composed of individuals who are substantially different from other youth that are not gang members. Little empirical evidence exists to support such an assumption. This can, in part, be attributed to the fact that most knowledge about gangs has been derived from data gathered by police gang units or from observational or case studies. Very little information has been derived from surveys or interviews with a general sample of youth. In this paper, data from the Denver Youth Survey, a longitudinal study of families, are used to examine the characteristics of gang members and to explore the extent to which gang members differ from non-gang members on key theoretical variables. Findings suggest that while gang members differ from non-offending youth on a number of social psychological variables, they do not differ from other youth involved in serious "street" level offending.
People, organizations, and process improvement

In their efforts to determine how technology affects the software development process, researchers often overlook organizational and social issues. The authors report on two experiments to discover how developers spend their time. They describe how noncoding activities can use up development time and how even a reluctance to use e-mail can influence the development process. The first experiment was to see how programmers thought they spent their time by having them fill out a modified time card reporting their activities, which we called a time diary. In the second experiment, we used direct observation to calibrate and validate the use of time diaries, which helped us evaluate how time was actually being used. <<ETX>>
Psychological states and staff development

low generated his powerful description of a hierarchy of psychological states and pointed out the desirability of reaching a state of self-acceptance and actualization. 1 The new surge of interest in staff development has brought with it a concern with the nature of the "adult learner. " (What motivates teachers to learn? What learning styles characterize them? How do they deal with new ideas? ) Maslow's formulations may have much to offer the enquiry into the teacher as a learner.
Memory and Self-knowledge in Young Adults with ADHD

Memory for items encoded self-referentially was examined in college students with Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). In Study 1, memory was assessed using the standard self-reference effect (SRE) paradigm—which requires participants to access semantic trait self-knowledge to perform self-referential encoding (e.g., Klein, 2004). ADHD and control groups produced virtually identical SRE profiles: (a) better recall following self-referential encoding than following either semantic or structural encoding; and (b) greater-than-chance clustering in recall of words encoded self-referentially. In Study 2 the self-referential task was altered—its performance required access to personal events in episodic memory (e.g., Klein, Loftus, & Burton, 1989). The ADHD group differed from controls in two ways: (a) they recalled significantly fewer words in the self-referential condition; and (b) their clustering of words encoded self-referentially failed to exceed chance levels. These results suggest the ADHD participants have less well-organized personal narratives than do persons without ADHD, a finding with relevance for memory and planning difficulties documented in people with ADHD.
Computational subunits of visual cortical neurons revealed by artificial neural networks

A crucial step toward understanding visual processing is to obtain a comprehensive description of the relationship between visual stimuli and neuronal responses. Many neurons in the visual cortex exhibit nonlinear responses, making it difficult to characterize their stimulus–response relationships. Here, we recorded the responses of primary visual cortical neurons of the cat to spatiotemporal random-bar stimuli and trained artificial neural networks to predict the response of each neuron. The random initial connections in the networks consistently converged to regular patterns. Analyses of these connection patterns showed that the response of each complex cell to the random-bar stimuli could be well approximated by the sum of a small number of subunits resembling simple cells. The direction selectivity of each complex cell measured with drifting gratings was also well predicted by the combination of these subunits, indicating the generality of the model. These results are consistent with a simple functional model for complex cells and demonstrate the usefulness of the neural network method for revealing the stimulus–response transformations of nonlinear neurons.
Conceptions of Memorizing and Understanding in Learning, and Self-Efficacy Held by University Biology Majors

This study aims to explore Taiwanese university students’ conceptions of learning biology as memorizing or as understanding, and their self-efficacy. To this end, two questionnaires were utilized to survey 293 Taiwanese university students with biology-related majors. A questionnaire for measuring students’ conceptions of memorizing and understanding was validated through an exploratory factor analysis of participants’ responses. As for the questionnaire regarding the students’ biology learning self-efficacy (BLSE), an exploratory factor analysis revealed a total of four factors including higher-order cognitive skills (BLSE-HC), everyday application (BLSE-EA), science communication (BLSE-SC), and practical works (BLSE-PW). The results of the cluster analysis according to the participants’ conceptions of learning biology indicated that students in the two major clusters either viewed learning biology as understanding or possessed mixed-conceptions of memorizing and understanding. The students in the third cluster mainly focused on memorizing in their learning while the students in the fourth cluster showed less agreement with both conceptions of memorizing and understanding. This study further revealed that the conception of learning as understanding was positively associated with the BLSE of university students with biology-related majors. However, the conception of learning as memorizing may foster students’ BLSE only when such a notion co-exists with the conception of learning with understanding.
Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy: Its Use in the Management of Orbital and Intraocular Tumors

In the management of 29 patients by needle aspiration biopsy, a 100 % accuracy was obtained in the diagnosis of intra- and extra-bulbar orbital lesions. The technique did not produce any important traumatic complications; there was moderate subconjunctival hemorrhagic suffusion, which spontaneously resolved. The technique proved to be positive in the diagnostic approach to lesions with a difficult access. Its importance in the choice of treatment is discussed, and its effect on the prognosis of intraocular tumors is emphasized. It can indeed give specific indications for early treatment of malignant lesions and avoid radical surgery of pseudoneoplastic benign lesions. As in other sites, the technique is reliable if it is applied in cooperation with an experienced pathologist. It is simple and rapid, inexpensive and well accepted by patients more than other invasive diagnostic procedures.
A Study of the Expression of Bodily Posture

Resume On a projete sur un ecran des photographies d'un mannequin en 347 postures differentes du corps et on a demande a l'observateur de dire dans une serie d'experiences ce que la posture exprimait, et dans une autre serie de rapporter les idees et les emotions que l'observateur lui-meme a eues, et dans une troisieme serie d'imiter la posture vue et de rapporter la signification de la posture eprouvee. Les resultats montrent que l'expression est conditionee par (1) une attitude (Einstellung) de l'observateur, c'est-a-dire, la posture peut etre prise comme une expression d'une fonction ou d'un etat mental, ou elle peut etre prise comme une phase d'un mouvement; (2) une situation que fournit l'observateur, si l'experimentateur ne la fournit pas; (3) la nature de la posture elle-meme. Ces trois conditions sont cependant dependantes l'une de l'autre. Puisque dans nos conditions l'attitude et la situation sont fournies par l'observateur, nulle posture n'est equivoque dans son expression. Les expressions spec.
Redefining identities, redefining landscapes: indigenous identity and land rights struggles in the Brazilian Amazon

Amazonian ecological and cultural landscapes have been cause for debate between environmental and development agencies that have attempted to re-configure them into conservation regions and frontier areas for agricultural expansion. However, it has also been the diverse Amazonian peoples, through their socio-political dynamics, rights struggles, and reactions to state control of space and resources, that have re-defined their identities and landscapes. This article examines the political struggle for the revitalization of indigenous ethnic identities and the recognition of territorial rights of the Indigenous Council of the Lower Tapajós-Arapiuns (CITA) in the state of Pará, Brazil. CITA's claims became visible in 1998 within disputes between globalizing development and conservation strategies that questioned the legitimacy of indigenous land rights claims and identity. Findings indicate that essentialized notions of indigenous peoples and the Amazonian landscape have been appropriated by non-indigenous actors to strategically argue against CITA's rights claims. I argue that the changes perceived in both the Amazonian rainforest and indigenous peoples' socio-cultural formations have become a discursive strategy to legitimize the expansion of agricultural production into the secondary forest, and a way to deny the rights of indigenous peoples.
Significance of platelet activating factor receptor expression in pancreatic tissues of rats with severe acute pancreatitis and effects of BN52021.

AIM To investigate the dynamic changes and significance of platelet activating factor receptor (PAF-R) mRNA and protein in pancreatic tissues of rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and effects of BN52021 (Ginkgolide B). METHODS Wistar male rats were randomly assigned to the negative control group (NC group), SAP model group (SAP group), and BN52051-remedy group (BN group), and each of the groups was divided into 6 subgroups at different time points after operation (1 h, 2 h, 3 h, 6 h, 12 h, and 24 h) (n = 10 in each). PT-PCR and Western blot methods were used to detect PAF-RmRNA and protein expression in pancreatic tissues of rats respectively. Pathological examination of pancreatic tissues was performed and the serum amylase change was detected. RESULTS Serum amylase and pathological results showed the that SAP model was successfully prepared, BN52021 was able to decrease serum amylase, and the pathological ratings in BN group at 3 h, 6 h, and 12 h significantly decreased compared with those in the SAP group (8.85 +/- 0.39 vs 5.95 +/- 0.19, 9.15 +/- 0.55 vs 5.55 +/- 0.36, 10.10 +/- 0.65 vs 6.72 +/- 0.30, P < 0.05). The result of PAF-mRNA showed dynamic changes in SAP and BN groups, which increased gradually in early stage, reached a peak at 3 h (0.71 +/- 0.14 vs 0.54 +/- 0.14, 0.69 +/- 0.13 vs 0.59 +/- 0.04, P < 0.05), and decreased gradually later. There were significant differences at each time point except 1 h and 2 h, when compared with those in the NC group (0.71 +/- 0.14 or 0.69 +/- 0.13 vs 0.47 +/- 0.10, 0.38 +/- 0.08 or 0.59 +/- 0.04 vs 0.47 +/- 0.09, 0.25 +/- 0.07 or 0.29 +/- 0.05 vs 0.46 +/- 0.10, 0.20 +/- 0.06 or 0.20 +/- 0.04 vs 0.43 +/- 0.09, P < 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference between BN and SAP groups at each time point. The result of PAF-R protein showed that the change of PAF-R protein in the SAP group and the BN group was consistent with that of PAF-R mRNA. There were significant differences at each time point except 1 h, when compared with those in the NC group (0.90 +/- 0.02 or 0.80 +/- 0.05 vs 0.48 +/- 0.02, 1.69 +/- 0.06 or 1.58 +/- 0.02 vs 0.48 +/- 0.03, 1.12 +/-0.10 or 0.98 +/- 0.03 vs 0.49 +/- 0.09, 1.04 +/- 0.14 or 0.87 +/- 0.02 vs 0.52 +/- 0.08, 0.97 +/- 0.16 or 0.90 +/- 0.05 vs 0.49 +/- 0.10, P < 0.05), whereas there was no significant difference between the BN group and the SAP group. CONCLUSION PAF-R plays an important role in occurrence and development of SAP. BN52021 exerts biological effects through competitively inhibiting the binding of increased both PAF and PAF-R expression rather than through decreasing PAF-R expression in pancreatic tissues.
Heterogeneity and Spatial Factors as Determinants of Numeration Ability.

SIEGEL, LINDA S. Heterogeneity and Spatial Factors as Determinants of Numeration Ability. CHILD DEVELOPMEwrN, 1974, 45, 532-534. The development of the ability to associate numerals with sets of the appropriate size (numeration) was studied in 90 children age 4-0 to 5-5. Performance was compared on tasks with linear homogeneous, nonlinear homogeneous, and linear heterogeneous sets. Numeration was significantly more difficult with heterogeneous stimuli than with the other stimulus arrays. Thus, in the case of numeration, the young child has difficulty understanding that the composition of the items of a set is irrelevant to numerical size.
Navigating Interracial Borders: Black-White Couples and Their Social Worlds

formation to empirical research will require further ingenious data assembly and analysis. These challenges will likely keep Svallfors and other analysts busy developing innovative new analyses for some time to come. A second issue relates to the precise national-level (or meta-individual level) mechanism at work in theories of institutional feedback/contextual effects. In the cases of Sweden and the United States, an impressive set of literatures identify a variety of country-level sources of influence. These would include partisan governance legacies, welfare policymaking, electoral system rules and constitutional structure, and labor movement or business organization influences. Once thematic insights concerning country/contextual factors behind preferences are granted, a key question concerns the respective impacts of such factors. Of similar importance is the degree of temporal lag in which contextual factors are said to shape class effects or preferences. This issue has yet to be addressed by historical institutionalists, yet it matters considerably whether “feedback” from public policies or other country-level processes occurs with no lag (as in most versions of economic theory) or with considerable lag (as in some collective memory accounts). It is a virtue of The Moral Economy of Class that it enables a glimpse into new directions in scholarship on class analysis and comparative opinion research. For researchers within these traditions, Svallfors’s book will be a valuable resource to take seriously the challenges of understanding the national and multilevel processes that link class to individual-level behavior and attitudes. Comparativists will find compelling the complexity and patterning of differences in attitudes carefully documented by Svallfors. Finally, theorists of political economy will be pleased by this attempt to begin incorporating more closely into survey research the richness of institutional concepts and country-level processes. Navigating Interracial Borders: Black-White Couples and Their Social Worlds, by Erica Chito Childs. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2005. 248 pp. $23.95 paper. ISBN: 0813535867.
A lifelong commitment: parental memories and reflections prompted by the impending discharge of long-stay patients with learning disabilities

This paper is based on a series of interviews with parents and relatives of adults with learning disabilities who are expected to be resettled from the long-stay hospital, in which they have spent much of their lives, by the year 2000. A life story approach was used to explore these parents' feelings and experiences over time, and the six key themes that emerged were significant to all of the informants: the realization that a learning disability existed; confusion over diagnosis and prognosis, the strain of caring; the eventual admission of their relative to institutional care; difficulty in handling the transition of their child to adulthood and the enduring nature of parental involvement, which had often spanned several decades and sometimes lasted more than 50 years. Four key reasons for the maintenance of parental contact were identified, together with four factors that had acted as disincentives. It was concluded that the sense of marginalization experienced by these parents at the point of impending institutional discharge mirrored their feeling of exclusion around the time of admission, reflecting continuing confusion, conflict and uncertainty over parental roles, rights and responsibilities in relation to adults with learning disabilities.
The coeliac stomach: gastritis in patients with coeliac disease

Lymphocytic gastritis (LG) is an uncommon entity with varying symptoms and endoscopic appearances. This condition, as well as two forms of H. pylori‐negative gastritis [chronic active gastritis (CAG) and chronic inactive gastritis (CIG)], appears to be more common in patients with coeliac disease (CD) based on single‐centred studies.
Feedback activation of AMPK-mediated autophagy acceleration is a key resistance mechanism against SCD1 inhibitor-induced cell growth inhibition

Elucidating the bioactive compound modes of action is crucial for increasing success rates in drug development. For anticancer drugs, defining effective drug combinations that overcome resistance improves therapeutic efficacy. Herein, by using a biologically annotated compound library, we performed a large-scale combination screening with Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) inhibitor, T-3764518, which partially inhibits colorectal cancer cell proliferation. T-3764518 induced phosphorylation and activation of AMPK in HCT-116 cells, which led to blockade of downstream fatty acid synthesis and acceleration of autophagy. Attenuation of fatty acid synthesis by small molecules suppressed the growth inhibitory effect of T-3764518. In contrast, combination of T-3764518 with autophagy flux inhibitors synergistically inhibited cellular proliferation. Experiments using SCD1 knock-out cells validated the results obtained with T-3764518. The results of our study indicated that activation of autophagy serves as a survival signal when SCD1 is inhibited in HCT-116 cells. Furthermore, these findings suggest that combining SCD1 inhibitor with autophagy inhibitors is a promising anticancer therapy.
An Integrated System for Body Shape Analysis and Physical Fitness Test -HIMS

Exercise has been proven to be very helpful for maintaining and promoting human health. However, recent research showed that too much or inappropriate exercise may hurt human health. In order to maintain and promote human health, appropriate amount of exercise should be performed according to physical condition and appropriate exercise prescription. This paper proposes an integrated system for body shape analysis (BSA) and physical fitness test (PFT) - HIMS, which consists of 5 data acquisition modules for analyzing physiological status, an exercise load control module, a data processing module and a main control module. The data acquisition modules are integrated to carry out the tests required for exercise prescription in a systematic way. The parameters obtained from the tests include cardio-respiratory endurance, muscle strength, muscle endurance, agility, power, blood pressure at rest, blood pressure at recovery, body fat and body weight. So we can measure 7 kinds of parameters fast and conveniently on one system
Quality improvement in early years settings in Hong Kong and England

With a growing awareness of the importance of early childhood education, the governments of Hong Kong and England have both increased investment through providing fee assistance to parents for buying services and providing funding to providers for offering ‘free’ places, respectively. Alongside the increased funding of early childhood education, a heightened interest in the quality of early years settings has arisen. This paper aims to develop a framework for comparative studies by addressing the similarities and differences in quality improvement of both systems. Three key issues are discussed: relevance of the quality criteria for assessment, interpretations of the quality improvement mechanism and its use in guiding practice, and the influence of contextual factors in terms of stakeholders' views of the quality process. It is argued that these key issues are fundamental to a framework for understanding different sociocultural contexts and dynamics in shaping the quality improvement of early childhood education.