Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intraoperative biomarkers in renal transplantation

The emerging need for biomarkers in the management of renal transplantation is highlighted by the severity of related complications such as acute renal failure and ischaemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) and by the increasing efforts to identify novel markers of these events to predict and monitor delayed graft function (DGF) and long‐term outcome. In clinical studies candidate markers such as kidney injury molecule‐1, neutrophil gelatinase‐associated lipocalin and interleukin‐18 have been demonstrated to be valid biomarkers with high predictive value for DFG in a post‐transplant setting. However, studies investigating biomarkers for early diagnosis of IRI and assumable DGF as well as identification of potential graft recipients at increased risk at the time point of transplantation lack further confirmation and translation into clinical practice. This review summarizes the current literature on the value of IRI biomarkers in outcome prediction following renal transplantation as well their capacity as surrogate end points from an intraoperative perspective.
Learning Like a Child: Fast Novel Visual Concept Learning from Sentence Descriptions of Images

In this paper, we address the task of learning novel visual concepts, and their interactions with other concepts, from a few images with sentence descriptions. Using linguistic context and visual features, our method is able to efficiently hypothesize the semantic meaning of new words and add them to its word dictionary so that they can be used to describe images which contain these novel concepts. Our method has an image captioning module based on with several improvements. In particular, we propose a transposed weight sharing scheme, which not only improves performance on image captioning, but also makes the model more suitable for the novel concept learning task. We propose methods to prevent overfitting the new concepts. In addition, three novel concept datasets are constructed for this new task, and are publicly available on the project page. In the experiments, we show that our method effectively learns novel visual concepts from a few examples without disturbing the previously learned concepts. The project page is: www.stat.ucla.edu/junhua. mao/projects/child_learning. html.
Mechanical Properties of Fine-Grained and Ultrafine-Grained Ti-6Al-4V with Equiaxed and Bimodal Microstructures

With the purpose of fabricating equiaxed and bimodal Ti-6Al-4V alloy with different grain/primary α (αp) sizes, thermomechanical processing and additional annealing were carried out on samples with martensite initial microstructure. Deformation at 700°C with a strain rate of 0.01s-1 to a true strain of 0.8 could effectively break the martensite initial microstructure into ultrafine-grained (UFG) equiaxed microstructure (mean grain size of 0.51μm) with reasonable uniformity. Subsequent annealing at 930°C with different periods were conducted to change the equiaxed microstructure into bimodal microstructures. The holing time proved to be more critical than heating rate for determining the αp size. An UFG bimodal Ti-6Al-4V with the average αp size of 0. 55μm was successfully obtained for the first time by annealing the UFG equiaxed Ti-6Al-4V at 930°C for 2 seconds. The mechanical properties of the equiaxed and bimodal Ti-6Al-4V with different grain/αp sizes were evaluated by tensile tests at room temperature. The bimodal Ti-6Al-4V showed superior balance between strength and uniform elongation than that of the equiaxed Ti-6Al-4V. Moreover, the uniform elongation in the bimodal Ti-6Al-4V was nearly unaffected by reduction of the αp size.
State Resident Neuroticism Accounts for Life Satisfaction Differences Between Conservative and Liberal States of the USA

Past research indicates associations between higher conservatism and higher life satisfaction, lower neuroticism and higher life satisfaction, and higher conservatism and lower neuroticism. Qualified deduction led to the following hypothesis: Neuroticism can account for the association between higher conservatism and higher life satisfaction. The 50 American states served as the units of analysis. Responses of 619,397 residents to the 44-item Big Five Inventory in an internet survey conducted from 1999 to 2005 provided mean neuroticism scores for each state. Conservative-liberal leaning of over 84,000 respondents to CBS News/New York Times polls from 1999 to 2003 and the percent voting Republican in each state in the 2000 to 2008 presidential elections combined to form a conservatism score for each state. The Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index provided life satisfaction scores for over 1,000,000 respondents, transforming to a 2008 to 2010 composite score for each state. In a sequential multiple regression equation with life satisfaction as the criterion, state socioeconomic status and white population percent entered first as a block, conservatism entered second, and neuroticism entered third, the demographic controls accounted for 45.7% of the variance, conservatism accounted for another 10.4%, and neuroticism accounted for an additional 10.6%. However, with the entry order of conservatism and neuroticism reversed, neuroticism accounted for another 19.6% but conservatism accounted for only an additional nonsignificant 1.4%. Therefore, the hypothesis was supported. Three alternative explanations suggested by other researchers were not supported in the state-level analysis.
Risk factors for motorcycle loss-of-control crashes

ABSTRACT Objective: The present article identifies and assesses the effect of critical factors on the risk of motorcycle loss-of-control (LOC) crashes. Method: Data come from a French project on road crashes, which include all fatal road crashes and a random sample of 1/20th of nonfatal crashes in France in 2011, based on police reports. A case–control study was carried out on a sample of 903 crashes for 444 LOC motorcycle riders (case) and 470 non-LOC and nonresponsible motorcycle riders (control). The sample was weighted due to the randomization of nonfatal crashes. Missing values were imputed using multiple imputation. Results: Road alignment and surface conditions, human factors, and motorcycle type played important roles in motorcycle LOC crashes. Riding in a curve was associated with a 3-fold greater risk of losing control of motorcycle than riding in a straight line. Poor road adhesion significantly increased the risk of losing control; the risk increased more than 20-fold when deteriorated road adhesion was encountered unexpectedly, due to loose gravel, ice, oil, bumps, road marking, metal plates, etc. For motorcyclists, riding with a positive blood alcohol concentration (over or equal to the legal limit of 0.5 g/L) was very dangerous, often resulting in losing control. The risk of LOC crash varied for different types of motorcycle: Riders of roadsters and sports bikes were more likely to have an LOC crash greater than that of riders of basic or touring motorcycles. In addition, LOC risk increased with speed; a model using the square of the traveling speed showed better fit than one using speed itself. Conclusion: The LOC crash factors related to riders, vehicles, and road infrastructure identified here were expected but were rarely identified and taken simultaneously into account in previous studies. They could be targeted by countermeasures to improve motorcyclist safety.
Accurate Determination of the Frequency Response Function of Submerged and Confined Structures by Using PZT-Patches †

To accurately determine the dynamic response of a structure is of relevant interest in many engineering applications. Particularly, it is of paramount importance to determine the Frequency Response Function (FRF) for structures subjected to dynamic loads in order to avoid resonance and fatigue problems that can drastically reduce their useful life. One challenging case is the experimental determination of the FRF of submerged and confined structures, such as hydraulic turbines, which are greatly affected by dynamic problems as reported in many cases in the past. The utilization of classical and calibrated exciters such as instrumented hammers or shakers to determine the FRF in such structures can be very complex due to the confinement of the structure and because their use can disturb the boundary conditions affecting the experimental results. For such cases, Piezoelectric Patches (PZTs), which are very light, thin and small, could be a very good option. Nevertheless, the main drawback of these exciters is that the calibration as dynamic force transducers (relationship voltage/force) has not been successfully obtained in the past. Therefore, in this paper, a method to accurately determine the FRF of submerged and confined structures by using PZTs is developed and validated. The method consists of experimentally determining some characteristic parameters that define the FRF, with an uncalibrated PZT exciting the structure. These parameters, which have been experimentally determined, are then introduced in a validated numerical model of the tested structure. In this way, the FRF of the structure can be estimated with good accuracy. With respect to previous studies, where only the natural frequencies and mode shapes were considered, this paper discuss and experimentally proves the best excitation characteristic to obtain also the damping ratios and proposes a procedure to fully determine the FRF. The method proposed here has been validated for the structure vibrating in air comparing the FRF experimentally obtained with a calibrated exciter (impact Hammer) and the FRF obtained with the described method. Finally, the same methodology has been applied for the structure submerged and close to a rigid wall, where it is extremely important to not modify the boundary conditions for an accurate determination of the FRF. As experimentally shown in this paper, in such cases, the use of PZTs combined with the proposed methodology gives much more accurate estimations of the FRF than other calibrated exciters typically used for the same purpose. Therefore, the validated methodology proposed in this paper can be used to obtain the FRF of a generic submerged and confined structure, without a previous calibration of the PZT.
Two-Implant-Supported Mandibular Overdentures: Do Clinical Denture Quality and Inter-Implant Distance Affect Patient Satisfaction?

PURPOSE To investigate the following three null hypotheses in patients rehabilitated with a mandibular overdenture supported by two unsplinted implants: (1) patient satisfaction is not related to the clinical quality of the dentures; (2) inter-implant distance (IID) has no effect on the clinical quality of the dentures; and (3) IID does not influence patient satisfaction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty edentulous patients who were rehabilitated with a two-implant-supported mandibular overdenture participated in the study. Independent investigators evaluated the dentures on the basis of five clinical criteria using the validated Denture Quality Evaluation Form, and the patients completed the validated Denture Satisfaction Scale. Irreversible hydrocolloid impressions of the mandible were made and poured immediately in die stone. The IID was measured by adapting an orthodontic wire to the mandibular alveolar ridge crest, extending from the center of one implant to the center of the other. Spearman correlation analyses were used to identify possible correlations, with a significance level set at P < . 05. RESULTS The clinicians' overall mean rating of the clinical quality of the dentures was 91.5% (standard deviation 6.27%). The stability of the mandibular overdenture and of the maxillary conventional complete denture was significantly related to satisfaction (r = 0.389 and r = 0.44, respectively). Significant associations were found between the mandibular stability items and satisfaction with both maxillary and mandibular dentures. The stability of the maxillary denture was significantly associated with patient satisfaction with mandibular denture retention, stability, and comfort. None of the 12 denture satisfaction items were significantly associated with IID. Similarly, IID did not have an effect on the quality of either denture in terms of retention, stability, or occlusion. CONCLUSION Denture stability was the feature that had the most influence on patient satisfaction with the mandibular overdenture and with the maxillary conventional denture. IID had no effect on the clinical quality of either denture and did not influence patient satisfaction.
Comparison of Patients’ and Doctors’ Reports on Health-related Quality of Life in Celiac Disease

Objective: To investigate whether implementation of a celiac disease (CD)–specific health-related quality of life (HRQOL) questionnaire would add value to CD follow-up visits; we compared patients’ self-reported CD-specific HRQOL with the physician's report provided during a regular CD follow-up visit in children and young adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study in the control group of a study on self-management in CD (CoelKids). Eligible patients had CD for ≥1 year and were 25 years or younger. They completed a CD-specific HRQOL questionnaire (CDDUX) after their regular follow-up visit. Their physicians were unaware of the present study's objectives or self-reported HRQOL. Primary outcome: agreement between physician-reported and self-reported HRQOL. Secondary outcomes: patient variables predicting a discrepancy between reports, or a lower HRQOL. Results: Physician-reported HRQOL was available in 70 of 78 enrolled patients. The self-reported and physician-reported HRQOL were concordant in 30 of 70 (K = 0.093), 6 of them had a poor self-reported HRQOL. Reports were discrepant in 40 of 70; all 40 self-reported a poor HRQOL. Discrepancies occurred more frequently in patients with a disease duration <9 years (32/40 with discrepant reports were diagnosed <9 years ago vs 17/30 with no discrepancy, P<0.001) and in females (35/40 with discrepant reports were girls versus 16 of 30 with no discrepancy, P = 0.001). Both factors were predictors of a poorer HRQOL. Conclusions: During regular CD follow-up visits, physicians did not report a poor HRQOL in 40 of 46 children and young adults with a poor self-reported HRQOL. This is consistent with previous studies examining other chronic diseases and supports the implementation of self-reported CD-specific HRQOL measurements in CD follow-up visits.
Fatty acid composition of spermatozoa is associated with BMI and with semen quality

High body mass index (BMI) is negatively associated with semen quality. In addition, the composition of fatty acids of spermatozoa has been shown to be important for their function. The aim of the study was to examine the association between BMI and the composition of spermatozoa fatty acids in men spanning a broad BMI range. We also analysed the relation between fatty acid composition of spermatozoa and semen characteristics, and the relationship between serum fatty acids and spermatozoa fatty acids. One hundred forty‐four men with unknown fertility status were recruited from the general population, from couples with identified female infertility and from morbid obesity centres. Standard semen analysis (WHO) and sperm DNA integrity (DFI) analysis were performed. Fatty acid compositions were assessed by gas chromatography. When adjusted for possible confounders, BMI was negatively associated with levels of sperm docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (p < 0.001) and palmitic acid (p < 0.001). The amount of sperm DHA correlated positively with total sperm count (r = 0.482), sperm concentration (r = 0.469), sperm vitality (r = 0.354), progressive sperm motility (r = 0.431) and normal sperm morphology (r = 0.265). A negative association was seen between DHA levels and DNA fragmentation index (r = −0.247). Levels of spermatozoa palmitic acid correlated positively with total sperm count (r = 0.227), while levels of linoleic acid correlated negatively (r = −0.254). When adjusted for possible confounders, only the levels of arachidonic acid showed positive correlation between spermatozoa and serum phospholipids (r = 0.262). Changes in the fatty acid composition of spermatozoa could be one of the mechanisms underlying the negative association between BMI and semen quality. The relationship between fatty acids of spermatozoa and serum phospholipids was minor, which indicates that BMI affects fatty acid composition of spermatozoa through regulation of fatty acid metabolism in the testis. The role of dietary intake of fatty acids on the spermatozoa fatty acid composition remains to be elucidated.
Differing impacts of resolution changes in latitude and longitude on the midlatitudes in the LMDZ atmospheric GCM

This article examines the sensitivity of the Laboratoire de Meteorologie Dynamique Model with Zoom Capability (LMDZ), a gridpoint atmospheric GCM, to changes in the resolution in latitude and longitude, focusing on the midlatitudes. In a series of dynamical core experiments, increasing the resolution in latitude leads to a poleward shift of the jet, which also becomes less baroclinic, while the maximum eddy variance decreases. The distribution of the jet positions in time also becomes wider. On the contrary, when the resolution increases in longitude, the position and structure of the jet remain almost identical, except for a small equatorward shift tendency. An increase in eddy heat flux is compensated by a strengthening of the Ferrel cell. The source of these distinct behaviors is then explored in constrained experiments in which the zonal-mean zonal wind is constrained toward the same reference state while the resolution varies. While the low-level wave sources always increase with resolution in that case, there is also enhanced poleward propagation when increasing the resolution in longitude, preventing the jet shift. The diverse impacts on the midlatitude dynamics hold when using the full GCM in a realistic setting, either forced by observed SSTs or coupled to an ocean model. © 2011 American Meteorological Society.
Base-Position Error Rate Analysis of Next-Generation Sequencing Applied to Circulating Tumor DNA in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Prospective Study

Background Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is an approved noninvasive biomarker to test for the presence of EGFR mutations at diagnosis or recurrence of lung cancer. However, studies evaluating ctDNA as a noninvasive “real-time” biomarker to provide prognostic and predictive information in treatment monitoring have given inconsistent results, mainly due to methodological differences. We have recently validated a next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach to detect ctDNA. Using this new approach, we evaluated the clinical usefulness of ctDNA monitoring in a prospective observational series of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods and Findings We recruited 124 patients with newly diagnosed advanced NSCLC for ctDNA monitoring. The primary objective was to analyze the prognostic value of baseline ctDNA on overall survival. ctDNA was assessed by ultra-deep targeted NGS using our dedicated variant caller algorithm. Common mutations were validated by digital PCR. Out of the 109 patients with at least one follow-up marker mutation, plasma samples were contributive at baseline (n = 105), at first evaluation (n = 85), and at tumor progression (n = 66). We found that the presence of ctDNA at baseline was an independent marker of poor prognosis, with a median overall survival of 13.6 versus 21.5 mo (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.82, 95% CI 1.01–3.55, p = 0.045) and a median progression-free survival of 4.9 versus 10.4 mo (adjusted HR 2.14, 95% CI 1.30–3.67, p = 0.002). It was also related to the presence of bone and liver metastasis. At first evaluation (E1) after treatment initiation, residual ctDNA was an early predictor of treatment benefit as judged by best radiological response and progression-free survival. Finally, negative ctDNA at E1 was associated with overall survival independently of Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) (HR 3.27, 95% CI 1.66–6.40, p < 0.001). Study population heterogeneity, over-representation of EGFR-mutated patients, and heterogeneous treatment types might limit the conclusions of this study, which require future validation in independent populations. Conclusions In this study of patients with newly diagnosed NSCLC, we found that ctDNA detection using targeted NGS was associated with poor prognosis. The heterogeneity of lung cancer molecular alterations, particularly at time of progression, impairs the ability of individual gene testing to accurately detect ctDNA in unselected patients. Further investigations are needed to evaluate the clinical impact of earlier evaluation times at 1 or 2 wk. Supporting clinical decisions, such as early treatment switching based on ctDNA positivity at first evaluation, will require dedicated interventional studies.
Steady-state and Time-resolved Spectroscopic Studies of Benzanilides

Steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic studies of benzanilide (I) and jV-methylbenzanilide (II) were performed at 298 and 77 K in various solvents. The results indicate that benzanilide fluorescencein non-polar solvents at room temperature involves three independent modes of emission: F1 (LE) normalfluorescence from the initially excited state S1 (LE) with λmax = 320 nm, F2´(PT) fluorescence from the proton transfer tautomer with λmax = 468 nm, F2″CT) fluorescence from the species where intramolecular charge transfer appears, with λmax = 510 nm. At 77 K in MCH a new fluorescence band, Fag, appears at λmax=415 nm instead of the F2(PT) and F2″CT) fluorescence. This new emission originates from benzanilide dipolar aggregates or cis-imidol dimers. The decay times of these emission modes aredifferent. N-methylbenzanilide, dissolved in nonpopular and weakly polar solvents at room temperature and at 77 K, shows only two fluorescence modes, i.e., the normal and the charge-transfer emissions at 320 nm and 520 nm, respectively. The fluorescence is deactivated with two decay times, 30 ps and 2.05 ns, in MCH solution.
Optical Spring Effect in Micro-Bubble Resonators and Its Application for the Effective Mass Measurement of Optomechanical Resonant Mode

In this work, we present a novel approach for obtaining the effective mass of mechanical vibration mode in micro-bubble resonators (MBRs). To be specific, the effective mass is deduced from the measurement of optical spring effect (OSE) in MBRs. This approach is demonstrated and applied to analyze the effective mass of hollow MBRs and liquid-filled MBRs, respectively. It is found that the liquid-filled MBRs has significantly stronger OSE and a less effective mass than hollow MBRs, both of the extraordinary behaviors can be beneficial for applications such as mass sensing. Larger OSE from higher order harmonics of the mechanical modes is also observed. Our work paves a way towards the developing of OSE-based high sensitive mass sensor in MBRs.