Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MEKK4 regulates developmental EMT in the embryonic heart

Congenital heart malformations occur at a rate of one per one hundred births and are considered the most frequent birth defects. This high incidence of cardiac defects underscores the complex developmental processes required to form the first functioning organ in mammals. The molecular cues which govern heart development are poorly defined and require an improved understanding in order to advance repair strategies for heart defects. The cytoplasmic MAP kinase kinase kinase, MEKK4, is a critical effector in cellular stress responses; however, the function of MEKK4 during embryonic development and cardiogenesis is not well understood. We have identified MEKK4 as a critical signaling molecule during cardiovascular development. We report the detection of MEKK4 transcripts to early myocardium, endocardium and to cardiac cushion cells that have executed epithelial to mesenchymal transformation (EMT). These observations suggest that MEKK4 may function during production of the cushion mesenchyme as required to create valves and the septated heart. We used a kinase inactive form of MEKK4(MEKK4KI) in an in vitro assay that recapitulates in vivo EMT, and show that MEKK4KI attenuates mesenchyme production. However, addition of a constitutively active MEKK4 into ventricular explants, a system that does not normally undergo EMT, is not able to cause mesenchymal cell outgrowth. Thus, the kinase activity of MEKK4 is essential, but not sufficient, to support developmental EMT. This knowledge provides a basis to understand how MEKK4 may integrate signaling cascades controlling heart development. Developmental Dynamics 235:2761–2770, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Wage Inequality in a Dual Economy

This paper presents necessary and sufficient conditions for unambiguous changes in wage inequality in a dual economy, based on analysis of the entire Lorenz curve. These conditions are then used to analyze the distributional consequences of various types of economic growth. In particular, it is shown that capital accumulation or technical progress in agriculture is likely to reduce wage inequality, but the effects of development in non-agriculture are typically ambiguous. The paper also discusses the implications of this analysis for the Kuznets curve.
Acceptance tests and monitoring of the next generation polarimetric weather radar network in Switzerland

MeteoSwiss has recently renewed its weather radar network with an innovative state-of-the-art solution. The main reason for such renewal was the end-of-life of the existing radar systems. During both the acceptance tests and the current operational working time, carefully planned, innovative measurements have being performed on site using both a passive and an active calibrators.
CORONARY State-ofthe-Art Paper Current Status of Rotational Atherectomy

Rotational atherectomy facilitates percutaneous coronary intervention for complex de novo lesions with severe calcification. A strategy of routine rotational atherectomy has not, however, conferred reduction in restenosis or major adverse cardiac events. As it is technically demanding, rotational atherectomy is also uncommon. At this 25-year anniversary since the introduction of rotational atherectomy, we sought to review the current state-of-the-art in rotational atherectomy technique, safety, and efficacy data in the modern era of drug-eluting stents, strategies to prevent and manage complications, including slow-flow/ no-reflow and burr entrapment, and appropriate use in the context of the broader evolution in the management of stable ischemic heart disease. Fundamental elements of optimal technique include use of a single burr with burr-to-artery ratio of 0.5 to 0.6-rotational speed of 140,000 to 150,000 rpm, gradual burr advancement using a pecking motion, short ablation runs of 15 to 20 s, and avoidance of decelerations >5,000 rpm. Combined with meticulous technique, optimal antiplatelet therapy, vasodilators, flush solution, and provisional use of atropine, temporary pacing, vasopressors, and mechanical support may prevent slow-flow/no-reflow, which in contemporary series is reported in 0.0% to 2.6% of cases. On the basis of the results of recent large clinical trials, a subset of patients with complex coronary artery disease previously assigned to rotational atherectomy may be directed instead to medical therapy alone or bypass surgery. For patients with de novo severely calcified lesions for which rotational atherectomy remains appropriate, referral centers of excellence are required. (J Am Coll Cardiol Intv 2014;7:345–53) a 2014 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation
The awakening of the CDK10/Cyclin M protein kinase

Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) play important roles in the control of fundamental cellular processes. Some of the most characterized CDKs are considered to be pertinent therapeutic targets for cancers and other diseases, and first clinical successes have recently been obtained with CDK inhibitors. Although discovered in the pre-genomic era, CDK10 attracted little attention until it was identified as a major determinant of resistance to endocrine therapy for breast cancer. In some studies, CDK10 has been shown to promote cell proliferation whereas other studies have revealed a tumor suppressor function. The recent discovery of Cyclin M as a CDK10 activating partner has allowed the unveiling of a protein kinase activity against the ETS2 oncoprotein, whose degradation is activated by CDK10/Cyclin M-mediated phosphorylation. CDK10/Cyclin M has also been shown to repress ciliogenesis and to maintain actin network architecture, through the phoshorylation of the PKN2 protein kinase and the control of RhoA stability. These findings shed light on the molecular mechanisms underlying STAR syndrome, a severe human developmental genetic disorder caused by mutations in the Cyclin M coding gene. They also pave the way to a better understanding of the role of CDK10/Cyclin M in cancer.
Design and Evaluation of Niacin Microspheres

Present study aims to prepare and evaluate niacin microspheres. Niacin-ethyl cellulose microspheres were prepared by water-in-oil-in-oil double emulsion solvent diffusion method. Spherical, free flowing microspheres having an entrapment efficiency of 72% were obtained. The effect of polymer-drug ratio, surfactant concentration for secondary emulsion process and stirring speed of emulsification process were evaluated with respect to entrapment efficiency, in vitro drug release behavior and particle size. FT-IR and DSC analyses confirmed the absence of drug-polymer interaction. The in vitro release profile could be altered significantly by changing various processing and formulation parameters to give a controlled release of drug from the microspheres. The percentage yield was 85%, particle size range was 405 to 560 μm. The drug release was controlled for 10 h. The in vitro release profiles from optimized formulations were applied on various kinetic models. The best fit with the highest correlation coefficient was observed in Higuchi model, indicating diffusion controlled principle. The in vitro release profiles of optimized formulation was studied and compared with commercially available niacin extended release formulation.
A novel objective function for improved phoneme recognition using time delay neural networks

The authors present single- and multispeaker recognition results for the voiced stop consonants /b, d, g/ using time-delay neural networks (TDNN), a new objective function for training these networks, and a simple arbitration scheme for improved classification accuracy. With these enhancements a median 24% reduction in the number of misclassifications made by TDNNs trained with the traditional backpropagation objective function is achieved. This redundant results in /b, d, g/ recognition rates that consistently exceed 98% for TDNNs trained with individual speakers; it yields a 98.1% recognition rate for a TDNN trained with three male speakers. <<ETX>>
Abiotic and biotic drivers of seedling survival in a hurricane‐impacted tropical forest

1. Many forests experience periodic, large‐scale disturbances, such as hurricanes and cyclones, which open the forest canopy, causing dramatic changes in understorey light conditions and seedling densities. Thus, in hurricane‐impacted forests, large variations in abiotic and biotic conditions likely shape seedling dynamics, which in turn will contribute to patterns of forest recovery.
Ultrastructural studies on developing follicles of the spotted ray Torpedo marmorata

Light and ultrastructural investigations on sub‐adult and adult sexually mature females, demonstrates that in Torpedo marmorata folliculogenesis starts in the early embryo and that the two ovaries in the adult contain developing follicles of various sizes and morphology. Initially, the follicle is constituted by a small oocyte, surrounded by a single layer of squamous follicle cells. The organization is completed by a basal lamina and, more externally, by a theca, that at this stage is composed by a network of collagen fibers. As the oocyte growth goes on, during previtellogenesis and vitellogenesis, the organization of the basal lamina and of the oocyte nucleus does not change significantly. The basal lamina, infact, remains acellular and constituted by fibrils intermingled in an amorphous matrix; the nucleus always shows an extended network of chromatin due to the lampbrush chromosomes, and one or two large nucleoli. By contrast, the granulosa (or follicular epithelium), the ooplasm, and the theca cells significantly change. The granulosa shows the most relevant modifications becoming multi‐layered and polymorphic for the progressive appearance of intermediate and pyriform‐like cells, located respectively next to the vitelline envelope, or spanning the whole granulosa. The appearance of intermediate cells follows that of intercellular bridges between small follicle cells and the oocyte so that one can postulate that, as in other vertebrates, small cells differentiate into intermediate, and then pyriform‐like cells, once they have fused their plasma membrane with that of the oocyte. Regarding the ooplasm, one can observe as in previtellogenic follicles, it is characterized by the presence of intermediate vacuoles containing glycogen, while in vitellogenic follicles by an increasing number of yolk globules. The theca also undergoes significant changes: initially, it is constituted by a network of collagen fibers, but later, an outermost theca esterna containing cuboidal cells and an interna, with flattened cells, can be recognized. The role of the different constituents of the ovarian follicle in the oocyte growth is discussed. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 61: 78–86, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Coherence Generalises Duality: A Logical Explanation of Multiparty Session Types

Wadler introduced Classical Processes (CP), a calculus based on a propositions-as-types correspondence between propositions of classical linear logic and session types. Carbone et al. introduced Multiparty Classical Processes, a calculus that generalises CP to multiparty session types, by replacing the duality of classical linear logic (relating two types) with a more general notion of coherence (relating an arbitrary number of types). This paper introduces variants of CP and MCP, plus a new intermediate calculus of Globally-governed Classical Processes (GCP). We show a tight relation between these three calculi, giving semantics-preserving translations from GCP to CP and from MCP to GCP. The translation from GCP to CP interprets a coherence proof as an arbiter process that mediates communications in a session, while MCP adds annotations that permit processes to communicate directly without centralised control.
New coherence and rip analysis for weak orthogonal matching pursuit

In this paper we define a new coherence index, named the global 2-coherence, of a given dictionary and study its relationship with the conventional mutual coherence and the restricted isometry constant. By exploring this relationship, we obtain more general results on sparse signal reconstruction using greedy algorithms in the compressive sensing (CS) framework. In particular, we obtain an improved bound over the best known results on the restricted isometry constant for successful recovery of sparse signals using orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP).
Ten-year growth in the scientific production of Brazilian Psychiatry: the impact of the new evaluation policies.

OBJECTIVE Developed by the Ministry of Education, the Qualis evaluation criteria have strongly impacted the scientific production of Post-Graduation Programs. A new set of more stringent criteria has been proposed for Qualis. Our aim was to evaluate the impact of the new Qualis criteria on the scientific production of Post-Graduation Programs in psychiatry over the last 10 years. METHOD We extracted data from annual reports published between 1998 and 2008, and compared performance measured in terms of the old Qualis rating criteria and the new set of criteria. RESULTS There was a 25% increase in the number of Information Science Institute-indexed articles in the second five-year period, which rose from 1,213 to 1,518. While, according to the old Qualis criteria, 84% of the Information Science Institute production would have been classified as highly-rated (IF > 1), only 17% of the papers were classified as highly-rated (A1) according to the new Qualis rating criteria. Most papers (65%) were assigned to intermediate categories (B1 and B2) with an IF < 2.29. DISCUSSION All psychiatric Post-Graduation Programs have increased their production, but by favoring quality over quantity, the new rules have proved to be more useful for discriminating among the scientific production.
Compact and printed MIMO antennas for 2G/3G and 4G — LTE mobile tablets

This paper presents four meandered MIMO antennas printed in symmetric configuration on top and bottom no-ground edges of the substrate. Two of the four MIMO antennas are coupled fed monopoles covering GSM 900/GSM 1800/1900, UMTS and WLAN frequencies whereas, the other two MIMO antennas are direct fed monopoles covering LTE 700 and WLAN 2.45 GHz. The substrate used is FR-4 with relative permittivity of 4.35 and an overall volume of 230 × 176 × 0.8 mm3. Each antenna covers an area of approximately 75 × 50 mm2. The decoupling technique used in the design involves four ground slots and two coupled ground extensions. The isolation performance of the MIMO antennas is better than 15 dB over all the cellular bands covered by the antennas. The simulated and measured results substantiate a good performance of the MIMO antennas.
Joint Learning on Relevant User Attributes in Micro-blog

User attribute classification aims to identify users' attributes (e.g., gender, age and profession) by leveraging user generated content. However, conventional approaches to user attribute classification focus on single attribute classification involving only one user attribute, which completely ignores the relationship among various user attributes. In this paper, we confront a novel scenario in user attribute classification where relevant user attributes are jointly learned, attempting to make the relevant attribute classification tasks help each other. Specifically, we propose a joint learning approach, namely Aux-LSTM, which first learns a proper auxiliary representation between the related tasks and then leverages the auxiliary representation to integrate the learning process in both tasks. Empirical studies demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approach to joint learning on relevant user attributes.
Serum Stimulates Growth of and Proteinase Secretion by Aspergillus fumigatus

ABSTRACT Serum contains iron-binding proteins, which inhibit the growth of most pathogenic microorganisms, including fungi. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of serum on growth of the opportunistic fungal pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus. Supplementing minimal essential medium (MEM) with up to 80% human serum or up to 80% fetal bovine serum (FBS) stimulated growth and increased the amount of A. fumigatus dry biomass approximately fourfold. In addition, a 100-fold increase in proteinase secretion, as measured by azocasein hydrolysis, was observed when 10% human serum or 10% FBS was added to MEM. The fungal proteinases secreted in serum-containing media were shown to degrade 3H-labeled basal lamina proteins. The factor in serum that stimulated proteinase secretion was larger than 10 kDa and was 85% inactivated when the serum was heated for 30 min at 66°C. The proportions of proteinases of each catalytic class secreted by A. fumigatus in the presence of serum were different from the proportions secreted in media containing single proteins. Proteinase secretion did not result from increased protein concentration in the medium per se because bovine serum albumin (BSA) at a concentration equivalent to the concentration of serum produced only 20% of the proteinase activity per milligram (dry weight) that was produced by FBS. Addition of BSA plus 100 μM FeCl3 to MEM resulted in the same level of growth as addition of serum, indicating that a combination of nutritional factors in serum may stimulate growth. However, the level of proteinase secretion was still only 30% of the level observed with FBS. These data indicate that serum does not inhibit the growth of A. fumigatus and that the nutrients in serum result in high levels of proteinase secretion, potentially increasing the invasiveness of this species.
Effect of saffron (Crocus sativus L.) on sodium valporate induced cytogenetic and testicular alterations in albino rats

The present study investigated the cytogenetic and testicular damage induced by the antiepileptic drug, sodium valporate (SVP) in albino rats and the effect of saffron aqueous extracts. Treating rats with SVP caused a significant increase in the chromosomal aberrations either structural or numerical and decreased the mitotic index. Besides, animals administered SVP showed DNA damage appeared in the single strand breaks (comet assay). Testis of SVP-treated rats showed many histopathological changes. A significant decrease in seminiferous tubules and their epithelial heights diameters and inhibition of spermatogenesis was recorded. In addition, the number of sperm head abnormalities was increased. Biochemical results revealed an increase in malondialdhyde (MDA) which is lipid peroxidation marker and a significant decrease in the level of serum antioxidant enzyme, catalase (CAT) and reducing antioxidant power (RAP). Animals given SVP and saffron showed an improvement in chromosomal aberrations, mitotic index, DNA damage and testicular alterations caused by SVP. Moreover, MDA decreased and CAT and RAP increased. It is concluded from the present results that the ameliorative effects of saffron extract against SVP-induced cytogenetic and testicular damage in albino rats may be due to the presence of one or more antioxidant components of saffron.
Rotator cuff rehabilitation: current theories and practice

Abstract A fully functioning, painless shoulder joint is essential to maintain a healthy, normal quality of life. Disease of the rotator cuff tendons (RCTs) is a common issue that affects the population, increasing with age, and can lead to significant disability and social and health costs. RCT injuries can affect younger, healthy patients and the elderly alike, and may be the result of trauma or occur as a result of chronic degeneration. They can be acutely painful, limited to certain activities or completely asymptomatic and incidental findings. A wide variety of treatment options exists ranging from conservative local and systemic pain modalities, to surgical fixation. Regardless of management ultimately chosen, physiotherapy of the RCT, rotator cuff muscles and surrounding shoulder girdle plays an essential role in proper treatment. Length of treatment, types of therapy and timing may vary if therapy is definitive care or part of a postoperative protocol. Allowing time for adequate RCT healing must always be considered when implementing ROM and strengthening after surgery. With current rehabilitation methods, patients with all spectrums of RCT pathology can improve their function, pain and quality of life. This manuscript reviews current theories and practice involving rehabilitation for RCT injuries.
On Two-Dimensional Convection-Diffusion Past a Circle

We consider the concentration p(x,y) of some substance at the point $(x,y)\in \mbox{\boldmath R}^2$ exterior to the unit circle. The substance diffuses in the plane and is convected to the right by a uniform field. We assume that the substance cannot penetrate the circular obstacle, so its flux must vanish on the obstacle's boundary. We also assume that the concentration is uniform far away from the obstacle, so we take $p\lraw 1$ as $x^2+y^2\lraw\infty$. The concentration satisfies a linear elliptic PDE. We explicitly solve this problem and evaluate the solution in the asymptotic limit where convection dominates diffusion (i.e., the Peclet number is large). We also develop singular perturbation methods to treat problems of this type, and these should apply to situations where the obstacle has a more complex shape. Numerical studies are used to back up the asymptotic analysis.
Design for high throughput SHA-1 hash function on FPGA

In this paper, we propose SHA-1 architectures to achieve high-throughput hardware implementations. Two techniques such as loop unfolding and pre-processing were used for high-speed SHA-1 core design. The system is made of four sub-modules to increase throughput. Xilinx Virtex-6 FPGA is used for implementation. Implemented SHA-1 module achieves a throughput of 7.35 Gbps, and its behavior has been verified by connecting with Xilinx MicroBlaze soft processor.
Endovascular vs. Open Repair of Complicated Acute Type B Aortic Dissections

Purpose: To assess the comparative effectiveness of thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) vs. open surgical repair (OSR) of complicated acute type B aortic dissections (cABAD) using decision analysis. Methods: A decision analysis comparing TEVAR and OSR for cABAD included variables extracted from the best-available evidence. Main outcomes were quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), presented with the 95% credibility intervals (CI), and number of reinterventions over the remaining lifetime. Different clinical scenarios, including age, gender, and risk profile were analyzed. Parameter uncertainty was analyzed using probabilistic sensitivity analysis. Results: In the reference case, a cohort of 55-year-old men, TEVAR was preferred over OSR: 7.07 QALYs (95% CI 6.77 to 7.38) vs. 6.34 QALYs (95% CI 6.04 to 6.66) for OSR. The difference of 0.73 QALYs (95% CI 0.29 to 1.17) is equal to 8.5 months in perfect health. TEVAR was more effective in all analyzed cases and age groups. Perioperative mortality was the most important variable affecting the difference between OSR and TEVAR, followed by the relative risk and percentage of aortic-related complications. Total expected reinterventions were 0.43/patient (TEVAR) and 0.35/patient (OSR). Conclusion: The results of this decision model for the treatment of cABAD suggest that TEVAR is preferred over OSR. Although a higher number of reinterventions is expected, the total effectiveness of TEVAR is higher for all age groups. OSR should be reserved for patients whose aortic anatomy is unsuitable for endovascular repair.
On the semantics of EPCs: A vicious circle

Recently, Nuttgens and Rump proposed a formal semantics for Event driven Process Chains (EPCs), which should be fully compliant with the informal semantics of EPCs. But, their semantics has a severe flaw. This flaw reveals that there is a fundamental problem with the informal semantics of EPCs. Here, we pin-point the cause of this problem, we show that there is no sound formal semantics for EPCs that is fully compliant with the informal semantics, and we discuss some consequences.