Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aphasic variant of Alzheimer disease

Objective: To identify features of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) associated with Alzheimer disease (AD) neuropathology. A related objective was to determine whether logopenic PPA is a clinical marker for AD. Methods: A total of 139 prospectively enrolled participants with a root diagnosis of PPA constituted the reference set. Those with autopsy or biomarker evidence of AD, and who had been evaluated at mild disease stages (Aphasia Quotient ≥85), were included (n = 19). All had quantitative language testing and APOE genotyping. Fifteen had MRI morphometry. Results: Impaired word-finding was the universal presenting complaint in the aphasic AD group. PPA clinical subtype was logopenic (n = 13) and agrammatic (n = 6). Fluency, repetition, naming, and grammaticality ranged from preserved to severely impaired. All had relative preservation of word comprehension. Eight of the 15 aphasic participants with AD showed no appreciable cortical atrophy at the individual level on MRI. As a group, atrophy was asymmetrically concentrated in the left perisylvian cortex. APOE ε4 frequency was not elevated. Conclusions: There is a close, but not obligatory, association between logopenic PPA and AD. No language measure, with the possible exception of word comprehension, can confirm or exclude AD in PPA. Biomarkers are therefore essential for diagnosis. Asymmetry of cortical atrophy and normal APOE ε4 prevalence constitute deviations from typical AD. These and additional neuropathologic features suggest that AD has biological subtypes, one of which causes PPA. Better appreciation of this fact should promote the inclusion of individuals with PPA and positive AD biomarkers into relevant clinical trials.
Symptoms of posttraumatic stress in young adult survivors of childhood cancer.

PURPOSE This study assessed the prevalence of posttraumatic stress symptoms in young adult survivors of childhood cancer and the association of posttraumatic stress with anxiety, adjustment, perceptions of illness and treatment, and medical data extracted from oncology records. PATIENTS AND METHODS Seventy-eight young adults (ages 18 to 40 years) who had been treated for childhood cancer completed questionnaires and psychiatric interviews assessing posttraumatic stress, anxiety, perceptions of their illness and treatment, and symptoms of psychologic distress. Data on treatment intensity and severity of medical late effects were collected via chart review. RESULTS Of the patient sample, 20.5% met American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) at some point since the end of their treatment. Clinically significant levels of intrusive (9%) and avoidant (16.7%) symptoms were reported. Participants also reported elevated state and trait anxiety. Participants with PTSD reported higher perceived current life threat, more intense treatment histories, and higher (and clinically significant) levels of psychologic distress than those who did not have PTSD. CONCLUSION One-fifth of this sample of young adult survivors of childhood cancer met criteria for a diagnosis of PTSD, with clinically significant symptoms of intrusion and avoidance reported. As in other samples, PTSD in young adult survivors was associated with anxiety and other psychologic distress. Survivors' perceptions of treatment and its effects were more highly associated with posttraumatic stress than were more objective medical data. The data suggest that cancer-related posttraumatic stress may emerge in young adulthood and may affect the achievement of developmental milestones and orientation toward health care.
Time series prediction and online learning

We present a series of theoretical and algorithmic results for time series prediction leveraging recent advances in the statistical learning analysis of this problem and on-line learning. We prove the first generalization bounds for a hypothesis derived by online-to-batch conversion of the sequence of hypotheses output by an online algorithm, in the general setting of a non-stationary non-mixing stochastic process. Our learning guarantees hold for adapted sequences of hypotheses both for convex and non-convex losses. We further give generalization bounds for sequences of hypotheses that may not be adapted but that admit a stability property. Our learning bounds are given in terms of a discrepancy measure, which we show can be accurately estimated from data under a mild assumption. Our theory enables us to devise a principled solution for the notoriously difficult problem of model section in the time series scenario. It also helps us devise new ensemble methods with favorable theoretical guarantees for forecasting non-stationary time series.
Technologies

: With the continuous developments of information technology, advanced computer technology and information technology have been promoted and used in the ﬁeld of music. As one of the products of the rapid development of information technology, Artiﬁcial Intelligence (AI) involves many interdisciplinary subjects, adding new elements to music education. By analyzing the advantages of AI in music education, this paper systematically summarizes the application of AI in music education and discusses the development prospects of AI in music education. With the aid of AI, the combination of intelligent technology and on-site teaching solves the lack of individuation in the traditional mode and enhances students’ interest in learning
Percussion-related Semantic Descriptors of Music Audio Files

Automatic extraction of semantic music content descriptors has traditionally focused on melodic, rhythmic and harmonic aspects. In the present paper, we will present several music content descriptors that are related to percussion instrumentation. The “percussion index” estimates the amount of percussion that can be found in a music audio file and yields a (numerical or categorical) value that represents the amount of percussion detected in the file. A further refinement is the “percussion profile”, which roughly indicates the existing balance between drums and cymbals. We finally present the percussivity descriptor, which represents the overall impulsiveness or abruptness of the percussive events. Data from initial evaluations, both objective and subjective will also be presented and discussed.
Consensus Guidelines for the Treatment of Peritonitis in Pediatric Patients Receiving Peritoneal Dialysis

The Children’s Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, U.S.A. ; University Children’s Hospital,1 Heidelberg, Germany; U.C. L.A. Hospital,2 Los Angeles, California; Stanford University Medical Center,3 Stanford, California; University of Pittsburgh,4 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. ; Baxter Limited, Japan,5 Tokyo, Japan; Baxter SA,6 Brussels, Belgium; Tokyo Metropolitan Children’s Hospital,7 Tokyo, Japan; Renal Division,8 Baxter Healthcare Corporation, Deerfield, Illinois, U.S.A. ; G. Gaslini Children’s Hospital,9 Genoa, Italy
Implications of urine F2-isoprostane metabolite concentration in horses with colic and its potential use as a predictor for surgical intervention.

REASONS FOR PERFORMING STUDY F2-isoprostanes have been used extensively to quantify lipid peroxidation in association with risk factors in various diseases. Horses with colic may have intestinal ischaemia and/or inflammation characterised by oxidative stress and increased production of isoprostanes. OBJECTIVES To gather preliminary data regarding the feasibility of using urine F2-isoprostanes and isoprostane metabolites as early screening tools for the presence of gastrointestinal disease requiring surgical intervention in horses and ultimately develop a stall-side test capable of identifying these horses as early as possible for timely referral. METHODS Concentrations of urine isoprostane and isoprostane metabolite were determined by mass spectroscopy and normalised to urine creatinine (Cr) concentrations in urine samples from 42 healthy control horses and 43 horses with gastrointestinal pain or colic. RESULTS Horses with colic were treated medically (n = 21) or surgically (n = 22). Mean ± s.d. concentrations of urine isoprostane and isoprostane metabolite were significantly higher in horses with colic (2.94 ± 1.69 and 0.31 ± 0.22 ng/mg Cr, respectively), compared to control horses (1.89 ± 1.39 and 0.22 ± 0.08 ng/mg Cr, respectively). Mean urine isoprostane metabolite concentrations were significantly higher in horses undergoing surgery (0.38 ± 0.28 ng/mg Cr) compared to controls and medical colics (0.26 ± 0.11 ng/mg Cr). Nonsurvivors had significantly higher mean urine isoprostane metabolite concentrations (0.47 ± 0.39 ng/mg Cr) than control or surviving colic horses (0.29 ± 0.24 ng/mg Cr). CONCLUSIONS Measurement of urine isoprostane metabolite concentration may be a useful prognostic indicator in equine colic. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE Urine isoprostane metabolites may aid in early recognition of surgical colic. Isoprostanes are a potential therapeutic target to prevent further systemic and gastrointestinal tissue injury in horses with colic.
Rapid Assessment of Southern Pine Decayed by G. Trabeum by Near Infrared Spectra Collected from the Radial Surface

The use of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for predicting levels of degradation in southern pine ( Pinus spp.) by Gloeophyllum trabeum for periods over 1-8 da was investigated. NIR spectra collected from the center of the radial face of each sample after laboratory soil block decay tests were used to develop calibrations. Calibrations were developed for mass loss, compression strength, and exposure period using data measured from prior methods and untreated and mathematically treated (multiplicative scatter correction and first and second derivative) NIR spectra from various ranges of wavelengths by partial least squares regression. Strong relationships were derived from the calibrations with the strongest R 2 values of 0.97 (exposure period), 0.94 (compression strength), and 0.91 (mass loss). Calibrations for exposure period showed the strongest statistics for predicting wood decay of the validation test set (R 2 = 0.92; RPD p [ratio of the standard deviation of the measured data to the standard error of prediction] = 3.95 [first derivative, 1100-2250 nm]), while predictions for mass loss of the decayed samples resulted in R 2 = 0.86 and an RPD p = 3.17 (multiplicative scatter correction, 1100-2500 nm), and the strongest compression strength prediction resulted in R 2 = 0.76 and an RPD p = 2.50 (second derivative, 1100-2500 nm). These results suggest that NIR spectroscopy can adequately predict wood decay from spectra collected from the radial face of southern pine.
JOURNAL OF LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTIC STUDIES

The current study investigated the nuances among Qur’ānic near-synonyms and the reflection of such semantic differences in English and French translations. Initially, it aimed to highlight the contextual meanings of the selected sets of Qur’ānic near-synonyms in the light of the exegeses of the Holy Qur’ān. Moreover, it explicated the nuances which exist in the selected sets of Qur’ānic near-synonyms in terms of denotative and connotative meanings and how these nuances are reflected in the selected English and French translations of the Holy Qur’ān. The present study adopted the Relation by Contrast Approach to Synonyms by Murphy (2003) as a theoretical framework for the analysis of the selected data. Moreover, it adopted the qualitative approach for selecting and analyzing the data of the study. The findings of the study revealed that there exist some nuances among the selected sets of Qur’ānic near-synonyms and that the nuances among some Qur’ānic near-synonyms are not reflected in the English and French translations. Based on the obtained findings, the study recommends that the translators of the Holy Qur’ān must pinpoint the nuances among the Qur’ānic near-synonyms and then reflect such nuances in their translation. The present study provides recommendations which could be useful for readers as well as translators of the Qur’ān.
Visual categorization and the primate prefrontal cortex: neurophysiology and behavior.

The ability to group stimuli into meaningful categories is a fundamental cognitive process. To explore its neuronal basis, we trained monkeys to categorize computer-generated stimuli as "cats" and "dogs. " A morphing system was used to systematically vary stimulus shape and precisely define a category boundary. Psychophysical testing and analysis of eye movements suggest that the monkeys categorized the stimuli by attending to multiple stimulus features. Neuronal activity in the lateral prefrontal cortex reflected the category of visual stimuli and changed with learning when a monkey was retrained with the same stimuli assigned to new categories. Further, many neurons showed activity that appeared to reflect the monkey's decision about whether two stimuli were from the same category or not. These results suggest that the lateral prefrontal cortex is an important part of the neuronal circuitry underlying category learning and category-based behaviors.
Using Dijkstra's algorithm to incrementally find the k-Nearest Neighbors in spatial network databases

One of the most important kinds of queries in Spatial Network Databases (SNDB) to support Location-Based Services (LBS) is the k-Nearest Neighbors (k-NN) query. Given a point in a network, e.g. a location of a car on a road network, and a set of points of interests, e.g. hotels, gas stations, etc., the k-NN query returns the k points of interest closest to the query point. The network distance is used in such a query instead of the Euclidean distance. Dijkstra's algorithm is a well known solution to this problem. In this paper, we propose a storage schema with a set of index structures to support an efficient execution of a slightly modified version of the Dijkstra's algorithm. We show in an experimental evaluation with generated data sets that our proposal is more efficient than the state-of-the-art solution to this problem.
Lymphoma Classification in Goats

Lymphoma has been described in individual cases for goats but not systematically characterized in a larger cohort. This study aimed to subtype caprine lymphoma based on topographic and subgross distribution, immunophenotype, and cellular morphology following the World Health Organization classification system for hematopoietic tumors in domestic animals. Fifteen caprine lymphoma cases were assessed with 6 submitted as biopsy and 9 for postmortem examination. Goats were predominantly young adult (median 3 years) and dwarf breeds (Pygmy and Pygora). The sexes were similarly represented. Nuclear size was measured relative to red blood cells (RBCs) and then adjusted for species-specific differences and designated small (<3× RBCs), intermediate (3–4× RBCs), or large (>4× RBCs). Using immunohistochemistry, 11 of 15 (73%) goats had T-cell lymphoma (TCL; CD3 positive, CD79α negative) and 4 of 15 (27%) had B-cell lymphoma (BCL; CD79α positive, CD3 negative). A multicentric distribution was most common. TCL generally involved the thoracic cavity and/or neck, suggestive of thymic origin or homing. TCLs were further classified as lymphoblastic lymphomas (3/11; 27%), large granular lymphocyte lymphoma (1/11; 9%), diffuse small lymphocytic lymphomas (3/11; 27%), or peripheral/mature T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) not otherwise specified (4/11 [36%], of which 3 were high grade and 1 intermediate grade). In 1 goat with PTCL, lymph nodes had either paracortical expansion or diffuse infiltrates suggesting transition from nodular to diffuse PTLC. BCLs were classified as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (2/4; 50%) or B-cell lymphocytic lymphoma intermediate type (2/4; 50%). In contrast to dogs and horses, lymphomas in goats are predominantly TCL and frequently involve the mediastinum.
Clinicopathological features and outcomes in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer with tailored therapy

Abstract Context: Lung cancer is an important cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. There is an increasing incidence of lung cancer in never smokers and a shift of histology from squamous cell to adenocarcinoma globally in the recent past. Data on treatment outcomes with newer platinum doublets is scant from India. Aims: To study the clinicopathological features, response rates (RRs), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), and the 1, 2, and 3 years survival, in patients with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and Methods: Data of all patients who received chemotherapy for Stage IIIB and IV NSCLC between January 2010 and June 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. Statistical Analysis Used: Univariate analysis for OS was done by plotting Kaplan–Meier curves and the log-rank test was used to calculate P values. Logistic regression analysis for OS was carried out using MedCalc statistical software. Results: A total of 353 patients received chemotherapy. Of these, 256 were evaluable for outcome parameters. The median age at presentation was 58 years with a male:female ratio of 2.53:1. The smoker:nonsmoker ratio was 1:1. Adenocarcinomatous histology was the most common both in smokers and nonsmokers reported in 70.8% patients. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation and echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4-anaplastic lymphoma kinase translocation were seen in 35% and 3% of patients, respectively. The RR, median PFS, OS, 1, 2, and 3 years survival were 80%, 8 months, 12.1 months, 51.5%, 12.7%, and 4.2%, respectively. There was no significant survival difference among the treatment regimen used but the response to I line chemotherapy impacted survival. Female gender, performance status, and nonsquamous histology were significant predictors of OS (P = 0.0443, P = 0.0003, P = 0.048, respectively). Conclusions: There was an increase in the incidence of nonsmokers. Adenocarcinoma was the most common histology in both smokers and nonsmokers. Treatment outcomes in advanced lung cancer were better compared to the past with the advent of newer platinum doublets and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors. The response to first-line chemotherapy significantly impacts outcomes in advanced NSCLC.
Rural areas, rural population, and rural space in central Europe (JCEA countries): Research visualization in Scopus and Web of Science

This study, based on bibliometrics (related to scientometrics) and science mapping, along with some sociological analytical insights, assesses contexts of the concept 'rural' in articles written by authors affiliated to JCEA (Journal of Central European Agriculture) member countries: Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Croatia, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia (with addition of Austria because of geographical proximity and historical ties), using citation databases Scopus and Web of Science (WoS), and visualization software VOSviewer. Most papers are published outside the scope of agricultural production studies, clustered strongly in the fields of medicine, physical environment, social sciences, and ecological interactions. A small proportion of the reference to “rural” in agricultural science seems self-assumed in the general association of agricultural production with rural space. The papers mainly refer to geographical area, space or territory where interactions between specific social and natural processes take place. Topics tackling rural space as a societal form and arrangements, e.g. sustainable rural development and transformation, are the most recent. National and regional journals show strong recent presence but papers are also published in principal international journals. Co-author networking (countries / institutions / affiliations) indicates strong regional co-operation which is strongest in the immediate neighborhood. Co-authorship based on spatial proximity can be partly explained by less ambitious internationalization of research activities. Although publication patterns in both databases show similar traits, some database effect can be observed, also due to the inclusion of ESCI (Emerging Sources Citation Index) in 2015.
A Design-Optimized Continuous-Time Delta–Sigma ADC for WLAN Applications

A third-order continuous-time delta-sigma (DeltaSigma) analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is presented for the conversion of an input signal bandwidth of 10 MHz. Design optimization towards minimal power consumption is demonstrated for the high-speed low-power building blocks of the DeltaSigma modulator. From this point of view, it is shown that GmC integrators are preferred over RC integrators in the low-pass filter of the modulator because they show a better tradeoff between power, speed, and accuracy. A new single-bit quantizer topology is presented that incorporates a local feedback path that improves stability using a switched-voltage technique. Finally, a design methodology for the single-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC) in the feedback loop is proposed, focusing on the impact of high sampling rates on the stability of the converter. The presented continuous-time ADC achieves a simulated dynamic range of 72 dB and a signal-to-noise-and-distortion-ratio of 66 dB in a 10-MHz signal bandwidth. Therefore, it can be applied for WLAN broadband communication. The power consumption of the DeltaSigma modulator is limited to 7.5 mW. The chip is designed in a 0.18-mum triple-well CMOS technology
Structural analysis of online criminal social networks

Over the last decade, a sophisticated underground economy has emerged over the Internet in which cybercriminals collaborate and trade different goods and services. This study takes a unique approach towards understanding the functioning of the underground economy by focusing on the social dynamics between the cybercriminals. Using anonymized private messaging records from four underground forums formerly operating as online black markets, this study aims to examine the structural properties of the networks of personal interactions between the cybercriminals and to turn the findings into actionable intelligence for tackling the problem of profit-driven cybercrime.
Biogenesis of the crystalloid endoplasmic reticulum in UT-1 cells: evidence that newly formed endoplasmic reticulum emerges from the nuclear envelope

The crystalloid endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a specialized smooth ER of the compactin-resistant UT-1 cell, is composed of multiple membrane tubules packed together in a hexagonal pattern. This membrane contains large amounts of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase, an integral membrane protein that enzymatically regulates endogenous cholesterol biosynthesis. Using morphological and immunocytochemical techniques, we have traced the sequence of events in the biogenesis of this ER when compactin-withdrawn UT-1 cells, which do not have a crystalloid ER, are incubated in the presence of compactin. After 15 h of incubation in the presence of compactin, many cells had profiles of ER cisternae that were juxtaposed to the nuclear envelope and studded with ribosomes on their outer membrane. Both the outer nuclear membrane and the ER membrane contained HMG CoA reductase; however, there was little or no detectable enzyme in rough ER that was free in the cytoplasm. With longer times of incubation in the presence of compactin, these cells had lamellar stacks of smooth ER next to the nuclear envelope that contained HMG CoA reductase. Coordinate with the appearance of the smooth ER, crystalloid ER appeared in the same cell. Often regions of continuity were found between the membrane of the smooth ER and the membrane of the crystalloid ER tubules. These studies suggest that HMG CoA reductase is synthesized along the outer nuclear membrane and in response to increased enzyme synthesis, a membrane emerges from the outer nuclear membrane as smooth ER cisternae, which then transforms into crystalloid ER tubules.