Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Análise da produção científica no campo de estudo das redes em periódicos nacionais e internacionais

Este estudo teve como objetivo mensurar a producao de pesquisas de redes, atraves do produto final das pesquisas – as publicacoes cientificas. Diversas abordagens teoricas sobre o tema redes oferecem potencial dialogo entre os varios ramos das ciencias sociais aplicadas. Autores contemporâneos afirmam que as empresas em busca de competitividade, encontraram na formacao de redes uma alternativa estrategica. Desde os primeiros trabalhos nos anos 1980, o conhecimento sobre o tema cresceu no Brasil e no mundo. Expandindo-se de maneira nao linear, o estado da arte se ampliou sem, contudo, dar uma resposta unissona sobre questoes simples, ate mesmo sobre o conceito de redes. Levando em conta o escopo deste trabalho, optou-se pela abordagem do tipo quantitativa, por meio de uma pesquisa documental, utilizando-se a bibliometria, aplicada em periodicos nacionais e internacionais (Qualis A), que concentraram a publicacao em estrategia, no periodo de 2000 a 2005, na area de Ciencias da Administracao. Os resultados apontam a predominância do termo redes nos estudos nacionais e internacionais; cerca de 30% dos periodicos pesquisados publicaram aproximadamente 45% dos artigos encontrados sobre o tema; a quantidade de publicacoes em 2000 estava em um patamar superior ao de 2002-2003, mas que voltou a crescer em 2005; e, por fim, ha diferencas entre os estudos realizados no Brasil e aqueles efetuados no exterior.
Progressive activation of adult microglial cells in vitro

Bulk‐isolated microglial cells from the adult rat brain grown in N2 medium supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum survived for at least 2 weeks, and their purity was > 99% at day 1 and > 93% at day 7. The phenotype of freshly plated cells was comparable to that of “resting,” ramified microglia in vivo. With time in culture and with different schedules, depending on the parameter considered, microglia acquired antigenic (e.g., positivity for vimentin, ED1, major histocompatibility complex class I antigens, leukocyte common antigen, and to a lesser extent CD4) and functional (e.g., proliferation, phagocytosis) features characteristic of “activated” microglia as described in situ. Production of nitrite and prostaglandin E2 in response to lipopolysaccharide increased greatly with time in culture. Phagocytosis was also accompanied by increased release of nitrite and prostaglandin E2, the latter being more affected than the first by the age of the cultures. The culture system described may be suitable to study the factors that can modulate “activation” of adult microglia. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Still the Middle Way

This article focuses on the process of hybridization of political campaigns, using Sweden as a case study, and raises three main research questions. First, how do global campaign practices influence the national campaign context in Sweden? Second, how does the Swedish political structure and political culture influence the adaptation of global trends in this area? Third, how can a possible hybridization of political campaigning be characterized in Sweden? The data in this study are mainly based on structured interviews with party secretaries and campaign officials in all seven parties with seats in the Swedish Parliament. The results indicate that the hybridization of political communication practices in Sweden is characterized by a growing use of global campaign practices. Marketing tools are frequently used for opinion analyses, but there are substantial obstacles to a complete implementation of modern practices. To some extent this can be explained by existing laws and regulations but, above all, by public perceptions of parties, politics, and elections. Sweden is a country with a structural framework where global campaign features can be transformed to a large extent. However, a political culture more influenced by a national campaign context somewhat curtails this transformation process.
Family involvement and organizational ambidexterity in later-generation family businesses: A framework for further investigation

Purpose – How family businesses (FBs) manage to survive in the long term is still not well understood in FB research. A promising concept to explain survivability, that is currently heavily discussed in the management literature is organizational ambidexterity (OA) – the ability to balance exploring and exploiting activities at the same time. However, FB research has not yet taken sufficient advantage of the potential of OA to contribute to explaining the ability of later-generation FBs to survive. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach – Using central tenets of agency theory, this conceptual paper draws together findings from the FB literature and the OA literature to create a framework for the relationship between family involvement and the ability to reach high levels of OA. Findings – Seven propositions are developed which suggest that the level of family involvement in ownership and management affect the ability of later-generation FBs to reach high levels of OA. They furth.
The Performance of Credit Markets under Asymmetric Information about Project Means and Variances

Generalizes existing models of credit markets under asymmetric information. The general model accommodates the adverse selection arguments of Stiglitz and Weiss and the favourable selection arguments of de Meza and Webb, and contains their models as special cases. Market equilibrium may exhibit credit rationing, while aggregate investment may be above or below the first-best level. A novel issue presented is that inefficiencies may involve not merely the volume of investment but also its composition.
White Concern About Black Favoritism in a Biracial Presidential Election

Party affiliation has been identified as the most powerful factor explaining citizens’ political attitudes and voting decisions. However, history provides several examples of Black Democratic candidates who failed to garner votes from White Democrats during biracial elections. Focusing on perceived concern about Black favoritism and political ambivalence, this study investigates why White citizens’ party affiliation loses its influence on candidate evaluation and vote choice in biracial political contests. Relying on the 2008 National Presidential Election between Barack Obama and John McCain as an analytic case study, this research provides evidence that White citizens’ concern about Black favoritism in biracial political contests is a consequential factor in (a) reducing favorability toward a Black political candidate among White Democrats and Independents, (b) creating political ambivalence toward the presidential candidate among White Democrats, and thereby (c) increasing the probability of cross-party voting and nonvoting among White Democrats.
Pleiotropic phenotypes of fission yeast defective in ubiquinone‐10 production. A study from the abc1Sp (coq8Sp) mutant

We previously constructed two Schizosaccahromyces pombe ubiquinone‐10 (or Coenzyme Q10) less mutants, which are either defective for decaprenyl diphosphate synthase or p‐hydroxybenzoate polyprenyl diphosphate transferase. To further confirm the roles of ubiquinone in S. pombe, we examined the phenotype of the abc1Sp (coq8Sp) mutant, which is highly speculated to be defective in ubiquinone biosynthesis. We show here that the abc1Sp defective strain did not produce UQ‐10 and could not grow on minimal medium. The abc1Sp‐deficient strain required supplementation with antioxidants such as cysteine or glutathione to grow on minimal medium. In support of the antioxidant function of ubiquinone, the abc1Sp‐deficient strain is sensitive to H2O2 and Cu2+. In addition, expression of the stress inducible ctt1 gene was much induced in the ubiquinone less mutant than wild type. Interestingly, we also found that the abc1‐deficient strain as well as other ubiquinone less mutants produced a significant amount of H2S, which suggests that oxidation of sulfide by ubiquinone may be an important pathway for sulfur metabolism in S. pombe. Thus, analysis of the phenotypes of S. pombe ubiquinone less mutants clearly demonstrate that ubiquinone has multiple functions in the cell apart from being an integral component of the electron transfer system.
Interorganisational Relations and Goal Consensus: An Exploratory Study in Two Local Dutch Service Delivery Networks

Abstract The present study explores how similarity in policy preferences within pairs of organisations in service delivery networks (that is, goal consensus) is related to existing bilateral interorganisational relations. We distinguish between different types of interorganisational relations and hypothesise that stronger relations are positively associated with goal consensus. A social network analysis is performed using data on 546 ties in two complete service delivery networks in a medium-sized city in the Netherlands. Results indicate that the strongest association is between goal consensus and types of interorganisational relations that imply more strategic information exchange between members of the organisations – especially managerial interaction.
Population-based 20-year survival among people diagnosed with thin melanomas in Queensland, Australia.

PURPOSE The 20-year survival rates are unknown for the majority of melanoma patients-those with thin melanomas. We determined 20-year survival rates of patients diagnosed with thin melanomas (≤ 1.00 mm) in the general population and also determined the main prognostic factors. PATIENTS AND METHODS Available clinical and histologic data from the Queensland Cancer Registry were obtained for all patients diagnosed with a single thin invasive melanoma from 1982 to 2006 and matched against national death registration data. Melanoma-specific survival estimates to December 31, 2007, were assessed, and subgroup differences in prognosis were determined by fitting multivariate Cox proportional hazard models. RESULTS Among 26,736 people in the state of Queensland diagnosed with thin melanomas, the 20-year survival was 96%. The most influential determinants of prognosis were tumor thickness ≥ 0.75 mm (adjusted hazard ratio [HR], 4.33; 95% CI, 2.8 to 6.8 compared with tumors < 0.25 mm) and patient age at diagnosis older than 65 years (HR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.8 to 4.5) compared with age younger than 25 years. Acral lentiginous and nodular tumors, male sex, tumor site on the scalp or neck, or tumor invasion of the entire papillary dermis each independently increased the risk of dying from thin invasive melanoma. CONCLUSION The outlook for patients with thin invasive melanoma is positive, although continued clinical vigilance is warranted for patients with nodular melanoma and those with the thickest tumors.
Radiobiological Characterization of Human Tumor Cell Multilayers after Conventional and Particle Irradiation

Abstract Topsch, J., Scholz, M. and Mueller-Klieser, W. Radiobiological Characterization of Human Tumor Cell Multilayers after Conventional and Particle Irradiation. Radiat. Res. 167, 645–654 (2007). The goal of this study was to establish planar multilayers from human tumor cells (WiDr and SiHa) as a model for irradiation of solid tumors. In addition to using conventional X rays (250 kV) as a reference standard, multilayers were tested for their suitability in cell survival studies with heavy-ion irradiation (12C6+) in the plateau and the extended Bragg peak with a scanned ion beam. Multilayers of both cell lines showed decreased survival compared to the corresponding monolayers after both X and heavy-ion irradiation. This multicellular sensitization effect is in contrast to the multicellular resistance or contact effect commonly described in the literature. Flow cytometry measurements showed an arrest of irradiated SiHa cells in G2/M phase. In contrast to the transient arrest of the monolayers, the multilayers stayed in a prolonged arrest. After Bragg-peak irradiation of monolayers, the arrest time was increased by 12–24 h, and more cells were arrested than with X rays. For multilayers, there were no differences between G2 arrest after X rays and heavy ions for the entire observation period.
RACE/ETHNIC DIFFERENCES IN AD SURVIVAL IN US ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE CENTERS

I read with interest the article by Mehta et al.1 on race/ethnic differences in Alzheimer disease (AD). Race/ethnicity was classified as Latino/non-Latino white, African American, Asian/Pacific Islander (Asian), American Indian, and of other or unknown race. This classification stems from a governmental designation of race and ethnicity.2 Within each of these racial/ethnic groups there is tremendous genetic and cultural heterogeneity due to the heterogeneous extraction of racial/ethnic groups in the United States. These differences may obscure possible conclusions regarding the finding that African American and Latino populations have longer survival compared to white populations with AD. Further details regarding the Latino/Hispanic subjects are not included in the text. The racial makeup of this group is unclear (i.e., African American, mulatto, Mestizo, Native American, Caucasian). Given our multicultural society, we should strive to use more precise markers of genotypic, cultural, and …
Developing a Manufacturing Strategy within a Capital‐Investment Process – A Case Study

This article is a description and an analysis of a capital investment project from the perspective of manufacturing strategy. The case will illustrate the development of a manufacturing strategy when an idea of investing in a new production concept is the starting‐point, and application of new technology is important. Attention to market criteria and the need for changes in the infrastructure can be developed during the investment process. This development, however, presupposes that the actors can perceive the implications and demands on other parts of the firm as well as on the market.
Effects of replacement of a double bond by a cyclopropane ring in phosphatidylethanolamines: a 2H NMR study of phase transitions and molecular organization.

The thermotropic behavior and molecular properties of 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (POPE) and 1-palmitoyl-2-dihydrosterculoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (PDSPE) have been investigated by 2H NMR spectroscopy using samples selectively labeled at the 5'-, 9'-, 10'-, and 16'-positions of the sn-2 chains. Comparison with the corresponding phosphocholine analogues (POPC and PDSPC), obtained as intermediate synthetic products, was used to monitor the role of the polar head group. Replacement of the choline moiety by ethanolamine increased the gel to liquid-crystal transition temperature by 10-32 degrees C and led to a significantly higher ordering of the fatty acyl chains in the liquid-crystalline bilayer state. The lateral compression effect, due to the smaller area per polar head group in PE, results in a bilayer to hexagonal phase transition at elevated temperatures. The effects on both PC and PE due to replacement of the olefinic group by a cyclopropane unit are similar. A decrease in the temperature of the gel to liquid-crystal phase transition, Tc, is observed upon introduction of a cyclopropane ring; it goes from 26 degrees C in POPE to approximately 10 degrees C in PDSPE. In addition, a very significant broadening of the transition profile is observed. These observations are consistent with the poor packing ability of mixed saturated and cyclopropane-containing chains due to the bulky substituent effect. The temperature of the bilayer-hexagonal phase transition of PE samples was decreased by 15-20 degrees C on replacement of oleoyl chains by dihydrosterculoyl chains at the sn-2 position. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Transparency of Central Bank Preferences

Abstract In this paper, we examine whether the transparency of the central bank’s preferences is desirable. We make two major points. First, in the literature on preference transparency variance-reduction frameworks are often adopted. As a consequence a change in the degree of transparency affects the magnitude of information asymmetries, but at the same time it implies a rather arbitrary effect on the distribution of preferences. We present a clean framework without this problem. Second, using a very general specification of shocks to the central bank’s preferences, we show that society prefers transparency if it sufficiently values the employment target, whereas it prefers opacity if it estimates inflation as sufficiently important.
Reconstituting the state: City powers and exposures in Chicago’s infrastructure leases

In the 2000s, cities across North America began leasing existing infrastructure to global investment consortia. Previous evaluations of infrastructure leases focus on the lack of transparency of the privatisation process and the terms of the arrangements negotiated by the public sector and the private concessionaires. In this research, we argue that such approaches fall short by failing to investigate the significant repositioning of the local state relative to financial markets produced by their involvement in major asset lease deals. We develop this argument through a case study of the institutional transformation of the City of Chicago, the US’s most aggressive instigator of infrastructure asset leases. Even as the concession agreements seemingly protect the City from the claims of investors, creditors and counterparties and provide it with new powers, they enmesh the City in a set of financial relationships that expose it to liabilities not accounted for in lease agreements and create an institutional bias towards managing the collateral effects of financialisation.
National and local agency support for Scottish SME internationalisation activity: lessons for small transition economies

This paper identifies the continuing and new threats to peripheral old industrial areas from EU enlargement and restructuring of inward investment flows. It recognises a key role in regional and national economic development strategies has been assigned to indigenous small and medium enterprises. Research is reported on interventions and frameworks established by national and local agencies in Scotland to initiate and develop export activities by SMEs. This offers a better understanding of which factors create successful foreign market entry strategies and behaviour. The paper assesses whether there are lessons from these strategies which are appropriate for the new member states of the EU.
Regional Integration Agreements and Rent-Seeking in Africa

This paper explores the motives behind the formation of intra-African regional integration agreements (RIAs). We aim to see whether rent-seeking can be identified as a statistically significant driving force of African integration. The traditional reason for economic integration, the static and dynamic effects, predict no or even a negative effect on welfare. Moreover, many of the new regionalism theories are conditional on strong economic integration. Two exceptions are rent-seeking behavior and the regime boosting hypothesis. Not only can they credibly explain the proliferation of African trade agreements in the absence of a positive effect on welfare, they can also account for the lack of progress in clearing away the many obstructions to regional trade. Because most African agreements involve more than two partner countries, the decision to enter a RIA cannot be analyzed by examining agreements between pairs of countries. Instead, we propose regressing whether a country is a member of a certain agreement on the characteristics of both country and agreement. We find that corruption does have an effect on the willingness to join RIAs, but that it is strongly dependent on the level of GDP. Moreover, for a given level of GDP the effect of corruption is non-linear.
Hisse senedi fiyat-hacim ilişkisi: İMKB’de işlem gören bankalar için doğrusal ve doğrusal olmayan Granger nedensellik analizi

Bu calismanin amaci, IMKB’de islem goren 10 banka icin hisse senedi fiyati ve islem hacmi arasindaki nedensellik iliskisini dogrusal ve dogrusal olmayan Granger nedensellik testleri kullanarak test etmektir. 01.01. 2003–29.12. 2006 donemini kapsayan veri setinde gunluk gozlemler kullanilmistir. Dogrusal Granger nedensellik analizi icin Granger (1969) ve Dolado ve Lutkepohl (1996) tarafindan gelistirilen testlere yer verilmistir. Dogrusal olmayan Granger nedensellik analizi icin ise Hiemstra ve Jones(1994) ve Diks ve Panchenko (2006) tarafindan gelistirilen parametrik olmayan testler kullanilmistir. Dogrusal Granger nedensellik testi sonuclari 10 bankanin besi icin fiyat ve hacim arasindan nedensellik iliskisi olmadigini gostermektedir. Ayni dogrultuda, yapilan Dogrusal olmayan Granger nedensellik testilerinde de, genel anlamda, secilen bankalar icin fiyat ve hacim arasinda nedensellik iliskisi olmadigi sonucuna ulasilmistir.
Surveillance report on typhoid fever epidemiology and risk factor assessment in district Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan

Background: Typhoid fever caused by the Salmonella typhi is a communicable disease and still a major health concern in developing countries. This study was carried to access the disease burden in Gujrat, Pakistan and associated risk factors. Methodology: Data was collected from confirmed typhoid patients (n382) visiting different public and private sector hospitals through structured questionnaire prepared with the help of physician. Results: The typhoid incidence seems higher in females 52.62% as compared to males 47.38. 160 patients (42.32%) belong to age group 21-30 years. 82.46% patients were suffered from typhoid infection during summer season (July-September). 64.81% of patients got infectioned are non-vaccinated and 58.37% are drinking non-filtered water. Most of the patients (76.17%) were got typhoid fever infection once. In our study majority of patients 61.24% were diagnosed early. Maximum 101 patients get rid of typhoid fever after two weeks of medication. The main complain observed was fever follow by diarrhoea cases and abdominal pain with 99.7%, 98.95% and 98.42% prevalence respectively. Conclusion: The age group 21-30 was highly affected by typhoid infection. Water quality, vaccination and season have great impact on burden of typhoid fever in population. Fever, diarrhoea and abdominal pain are the major symptoms associated with typhoid fever.