Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Recovery From Traumatic Loss: A Study Of Women Living Without Children After Infertility

RECOVERY FROM TRAUMATIC LOSS: A STUDY OF WOMEN LIVING WITHOUT CHILDREN AFTER INFERTILITY Marni Rosner Ram A. Cnaan, Ph.D., Dissertation Supervisor Infertility, from a mental health perspective, is known to have a profound effect on the lives and identities of women. Although many women resolve their infertility by incorporating non-biological children into their conception of family, some women are either unable or unwilling to do so, and live without children. This qualitative study focused on the long-term transition to living without children after pursuing treatment for infertility, and the impact living without children after infertility has had on marriages, relationships with family and friends, and identity. In-depth interviews were conducted with 12 women, aged 35-54, who pursued treatment for infertility, are now living without children (either biological, conceived through thirdparty reproduction, or adopted), and have not pursued treatment for at least three years. Findings include themes of experiencing trauma; actively deciding to end treatment; moving into living without children; a sense of profound loss and grief; processing the grief; acceptance and choice; reestablishing identity and turning toward the future; growth and opportunity; improved spousal relationships, and enduring issues. Like most stage models, progressing through these phases was not systematic. Findings suggest that it took, on average, 3-4 years for the women to fully emerge from feeling like being infertile was their primary identity. Implications for clinical practice and future research are also discussed. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Social Work (DSW) First Advisor Ram A. Cnaan, Ph.D. Second Advisor Lina Hartocollis, Ph.D. Third Advisor Marilyn S. Paul, Ph.D.
A two-step iterative inexact-Newton method for electromagnetic imaging of dielectric structures from real data

A recently proposed inverse scattering method is assessed against some of the real input data measured by the Institut Fresnel (Marseille, France). The method is based on the application of an inexact-Newton method to the Lippmann–Schwinger integral equation of the inverse scattering problem within the second-order Born approximation. The localization and shaping capabilities of the approach are evaluated by considering the reconstruction of multiple dielectric cylinders. The approximated reconstruction of the dielectric inhomogeneous cross sections is also quantified.
Route Management Strategies for Grade of Service Differentiation in Optical Networks

In the paper we propose three route management strategies that allow an optical network operator to achieve differentiated service for two classes of lightpath requests. Simulation results show that all three strategies achieve the stated goal, which is to maintain blocking probability of high priority requests below an assumed value in a broad range of network loads. Moreover, the presented strategies require only little support from the control plane. Detailed algorithms are presented in two versions, one suitable for networks with centralized control, and the other for networks with distributed control.
ABORIGINAL OVER-REPRESENTATION AND DISCRETIONARY DECISIONS IN THE NSW JUVENILE JUSTICE SYSTEM

We would also like to thank Phil Anderson for his assistance with statistical analysis and Joy Wundersitz for information about research in South Australia. This is a project supported by a grant from the Criminology Research Council. The views expressed are the responsibility of the authors and are not necessarily those of the Council. Introduction This paper presents the final findings from an analysis of all court appearances and police cautions in NSW during 1990. Using a combination of police, welfare and Aboriginal Legal Service data the authors have identified the Aboriginally of all those with formal police interventions in that year. This has allowed the first analysis of the treatment of Aboriginal children at all stages of the criminal justice system in NSW. The aims of this research report are: * to illuminate the causes of over-representation of Aboriginal children in the NSW justice system, at least to the extent that discretionary decision-making affects Aboriginal young people; * to suggest detailed strategies to reduce this over-representation. Background The present study has grown from a lack of comprehensive information about how the police and courts deal with young Aboriginal people. Only one study, by Gale et al (1990), has compared the treatment of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people throughout a justice system. This report used official data to look at all young people dealt with in South Australia during the early 1980's. The study also provides important methodological considerations in the study of over-representation. The context in which the current research was developed was the fact that Aboriginal ymith comprise around 25% of juveniles held in NSW juvenile detention centres, and that it had been claimed that NSW had the highest rate for Aboriginal juvenile incarceration in Australia (Wootten, 1989, p.79). More recent research indicates that Western Australia exceeds NSW in the rate of Aboriginal juvenile detentions (Cunneen, 1990, p. 15). However the basic point concerning the high level of over-representation of Aboriginal juveniles at the most serious end of the NSW juvenile justice system remain? In NS\V there have been valuable but limited insights into the treatment of Aboriginal juveniles Early research established that some communities in NSW have large numbers of Aboriginal youth appearing before the Children's Court for criminal matters and have relatively high rates of committals to institutions (Chisholm, 1984; Luke, 1988a; Cunneen & Robb, 1987). Chisholm's (1984) research indicated important differences in juvenile criminal charge patterns …
β-Amyloid Monomers Are Neuroprotective

The 42-aa-long β-amyloid protein—Aβ1-42—is thought to play a central role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) (Walsh and Selkoe, 2007). Data from AD brain (Shankar et al., 2008), transgenic APP (amyloid precursor protein)-overexpressing mice (Lesné et al., 2006), and neuronal cultures treated with synthetic Aβ peptides (Lambert et al., 1998) indicate that self-association of Aβ1-42 monomers into soluble oligomers is required for neurotoxicity. The function of monomeric Aβ1-42 is unknown. The evidence that Aβ1-42 is present in the brain and CSF of normal individuals suggests that the peptide is physiologically active (Shoji, 2002). Here we show that synthetic Aβ1-42 monomers support the survival of developing neurons under conditions of trophic deprivation and protect mature neurons against excitotoxic death, a process that contributes to the overall neurodegeneration associated with AD. The neuroprotective action of Aβ1-42 monomers was mediated by the activation of the PI-3-K (phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase) pathway, and involved the stimulation of IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor-1) receptors and/or other receptors of the insulin superfamily. Interestingly, monomers of Aβ1-42 carrying the Arctic mutation (E22G) associated with familiar AD (Nilsberth et al., 2001) were not neuroprotective. We suggest that pathological aggregation of Aβ1-42 may also cause neurodegeneration by depriving neurons of the protective activity of Aβ1-42 monomers. This “loss-of-function” hypothesis of neuronal death should be taken into consideration when designing therapies aimed at reducing Aβ burden.
(Gap/S)ETH hardness of SVP

We prove the following quantitative hardness results for the Shortest Vector Problem in the ℓp norm (SVP_p), where n is the rank of the input lattice. For “almost all” p > p0 ≈ 2.1397, there is no 2n/Cp-time algorithm for SVP_p for some explicit (easily computable) constant Cp > 0 unless the (randomized) Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis (SETH) is false. (E.g., for p ≥ 3, Cp < 1 + (p+3) 2−p + 10 p2 2−2p. ) For any 1 ≤ p ≤ ∞, there is no 2o(n)-time algorithm for SVP_p unless the non-uniform Gap-Exponential Time Hypothesis (Gap-ETH) is false. Furthermore, for each such p, there exists a constant γp > 1 such that the same result holds even for γp-approximate SVP_p. For p > 2, the above statement holds under the weaker assumption of randomized Gap-ETH. I.e., there is no 2o(n)-time algorithm for γp-approximate SVP_p unless randomized Gap-ETH is false. See http://arxiv.org/abs/1712.00942 for a complete exposition.
Cryopreservation of Bermudagrass Germplasm by Encapsulation Dehydration

Genetic conservation of vegetatively-propagated grasses requires intensive care of pot cultures or carefully separated field plots. Even with intensive care, there is high risk of mechanical contamination and loss of plants to biotic and abiotic stresses. Medium- and long-term storage of this germplasm would be more cost effective and provide a backup for field or greenhouse germplasm collections. Cynodon spp. (bermudagrass and stargrass) germplasm is typically maintained as growing plants in breeders' collections. The development of a long-term storage protocol for Cynodon in liquid nitrogen (LN) could provide a secure backup of these collections. A diverse group of Cynodon taxa was evaluated for long-term storage in LN at - -196°C. The encapsulation and dehydration (ED) cryopreservation protocol was most effective when combined with a 1- to 4-wk cold-acclimation period and dehydration to 19 to 23% moisture before exposure to LN. Nineteen of the 25 accessions (76%) had >40% regrowth. Thirty shoot tips of each of 25 Cynodon accessions are now stored at the National Clonal Germplasm Repository (NCGR), Corvallis, and 50 shoot tips are held at the National Center for Germplasm Resources Preservation (NCGRP) in Fort Collins, CO, as a long-term backup in LN.
Comparative investigation of double-layer and double-side micro-channel cooling for power electronics packaging

In present work, micro-channel heat sink (MCHS) is integrated inside direct bond copper (DBC) for power electronics cooling. Based on commercial CFD code ANSYS Fluent, micro-channels are designed in back Cu-layer of DBC substrate with liquid water as coolant. Two advanced cooling structures, including double-layer (DL) and double-side (sandwich) micro-channel, are investigated. The sandwich structure with counter flows shows reduction in thermal resistance by 59%, 52% and 53% when compare with single-layer (SL), DL with unidirectional flows and DL with counter flows respectively. It also promises uniform temperature-distribution.
Light‐Induced Conformational Changes in the Plant Cryptochrome Photolyase Homology Region Resolved by Selective Isotope Labeling and Infrared Spectroscopy

Plant cryptochromes are photoreceptors that regulate flowering, circadian rhythm and photomorphogenesis in response to blue and UV‐A light. It has been demonstrated that the oxidized flavin cofactor is photoreduced to the neutral radical state via separate electron and proton transfer. Conformational changes have been found in the C‐terminal extension, but few studies have addressed the changes in secondary structure in the sensory photolyase homology region (PHR). Here, we investigated the PHR of the plant cryptochrome from the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by light‐induced infrared difference spectroscopy in combination with global 13C and 15N isotope labeling. Assignment of the signals is achieved by establishing a labeling strategy for cryptochromes that preserves the flavin at natural abundance. We demonstrate by UV/vis spectroscopy that the integrity of the sample is maintained and by mass spectrometry that the global labeling was highly efficient. As a result, difference bands are resolved at full intensity that at natural abundance are compensated by the overlap of flavin and protein signals. These bands are assigned to prominent conformational changes in the PHR by blue light illumination. We postulate that not only the partial unfolding of the C‐terminal extension but also changes in the PHR may mediate signaling events.
Plasmodium falciparum Produce Lower Infection Intensities in Local versus Foreign Anopheles gambiae Populations

Both Plasmodium falciparum and Anopheles gambiae show great diversity in Africa, in their own genetic makeup and population dynamics. The genetics of the individual mosquito and parasite are known to play a role in determining the outcome of infection in the vector, but whether differences in infection phenotype vary between populations remains to be investigated. Here we established two A. gambiae s.s. M molecular form colonies from Cameroon and Burkina Faso, representing a local and a foreign population for each of the geographical sites. Experimental infections of both colonies were conducted in Cameroon and Burkina Faso using local wild P. falciparum, giving a sympatric and allopatric vector-parasite combination in each site. Infection phenotype was determined in terms of oocyst prevalence and intensity for at least nine infections for each vector-parasite combination. Sympatric infections were found to produce 25% fewer oocysts per midgut than allopatric infections, while prevalence was not affected by local/foreign interactions. The reduction in oocyst numbers in sympatric couples may be the result of evolutionary processes where the mosquito populations have locally adapted to their parasite populations. Future research on vector-parasite interactions must take into account the geographic scale of adaptation revealed here by conducting experiments in natural sympatric populations to give epidemiologically meaningful results.
Fatores Psicológicos e Sociais Associados ao Bullying Social and Psychological Factors Associated with Bullying Factores Psicológicos y Sociales Asociados con la Intimidación

The objective of this essay is to analyze the relationship between some social factors, more specifically educational, some psychological factors and bullying. Such factors are expressed in the established hierarchies among students in the school; in authoritarianism and in the lack of individual autonomy. To do this, we introduce some concepts and research data about bullying and then we discussed the relationship of those factors with this form of violence in the light of the Critical Theory of Society and psychoanalysis.
INTENSE DISTURBANCE ENHANCES PLANT SUSCEPTIBILITY TO HERBIVORY: NATURAL AND EXPERIMENTAL EVIDENCE

Following Hurricane Lili, which passed directly over the site of our ongoing study in Great Exuma, Bahamas, herbivory increased on devastated islands exposed to the storm surge, but not on protected islands. Observations suggested that foliage sprouting on severely damaged shrubs was more susceptible to herbivores than was new foliage on undamaged shrubs. To test this hypothesis, we conducted a controlled field experiment: hurricane damage was simulated by pruning shrubs on replicated islands. Seven months after the manipulation, herbivory was 68% higher on pruned shrubs than on controls. Leaf size and percentage of nitrogen were higher, and leaf toughness and trichome density were lower on pruned shrubs than on controls. The experimental results indicate that enhanced herbivory on exposed islands following Hurricane Lili was caused, at least in part, by increased susceptibility of the sprouted foliage to herbivorous arthropods. Because sprouting occurs on many woody plants following natural or anthropogenic disturbances, the findings in this study may have broad implications.
Are the Drivers and Role of Online Trust the Same for All Web Sites and Consumers? A Large-Scale Exploratory Empirical Study

The authors develop a conceptual model that links Web site and consumer characteristics, online trust, and behavioral intent. They estimate this model on data from 6831 consumers across 25 sites from eight Web site categories, using structural equation analysis with a priori and post hoc segmentation. The results show that the influences of the determinants of online trust are different across site categories and consumers. Privacy and order fulfillment are the most influential determinants of trust for sites in which both information risk and involvement are high, such as travel sites. Navigation is strongest for information-intensive sites, such as sports, portal, and community sites. Brand strength is critical for high-involvement categories, such as automobile and financial services sites. Online trust partially mediates the relationships between Web site and consumer characteristics and behavioral intent, and this mediation is strongest (weakest) for sites oriented toward infrequently (frequently) purchased, high-involvement items, such as computers (financial services).
For Better or for Worse: An Australian Counsellor's Perspective on Trends in Composition of Families

In the previous edition of Family Matters, Robyn Parker discussed international perspectives on the retreat from marriage, the growth of cohabitation, and whether marriage is valued, concluding with some thoughts on the what the future of marriage might be. In this article the author and Michele Simons were invited to respond to the issues raised in the article by Parker. The author of this article looks at the change in the meaning of marriage and the place it has in people's lives. She reviews the need for in-depth Australian research to determine what marriage and cohabitation means to people and how it influences their choices and long term relationships.
Male teachers of color take a lesson from each other

The author tells of the experience of cofounding a group of male teachers of color within the Boston Teacher Residency program. The group’s theory of action was that professional development focused on addressing the unique challenges of male teachers of color would help these teachers develop tools and strategies to navigate their school environment. More importantly, these male teachers of color would be better able to focus on creating conditions that facilitated learning for students -- the majority of whom were of color and from working class families.
Alcohol Affects Neuronal Substrates of Response Inhibition but Not of Perceptual Processing of Stimuli Signalling a Stop Response

Alcohol impairs inhibitory control, including the ability to terminate an initiated action. While there is increasing knowledge about neural mechanisms involved in response inhibition, the level at which alcohol impairs such mechanisms remains poorly understood. Thirty-nine healthy social drinkers received either 0.4g/kg or 0.8g/kg of alcohol, or placebo, and performed two variants of a Visual Stop-signal task during acquisition of functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data. The two task variants differed only in their instructions: in the classic variant (VSST), participants inhibited their response to a “Go-stimulus” when it was followed by a “Stop-stimulus”. In the control variant (VSST_C), participants responded to the “Go-stimulus” even if it was followed by a “Stop-stimulus”. Comparison of successful Stop-trials (Sstop)>Go, and unsuccessful Stop-trials (Ustop)>Sstop between the three beverage groups enabled the identification of alcohol effects on functional neural circuits supporting inhibitory behaviour and error processing. Alcohol impaired inhibitory control as measured by the Stop-signal reaction time, but did not affect other aspects of VSST performance, nor performance on the VSST_C. The low alcohol dose evoked changes in neural activity within prefrontal, temporal, occipital and motor cortices. The high alcohol dose evoked changes in activity in areas affected by the low dose but importantly induced changes in activity within subcortical centres including the globus pallidus and thalamus. Alcohol did not affect neural correlates of perceptual processing of infrequent cues, as revealed by conjunction analyses of VSST and VSST_C tasks. Alcohol ingestion compromises the inhibitory control of action by modulating cortical regions supporting attentional, sensorimotor and action-planning processes. At higher doses the impact of alcohol also extends to affect subcortical nodes of fronto-basal ganglia- thalamo-cortical motor circuits. In contrast, alcohol appears to have little impact on the early visual processing of infrequent perceptual cues. These observations clarify clinically-important effects of alcohol on behaviour.
MPC for tracking with optimal closed-loop performance

In this paper, a novel model predictive control (MPC) formulation has been proposed to solve tracking problems, considering a generalized offset cost function. Sufficient conditions on this function are given to ensure the local optimality property. This novel formulation allows to consider as target operation points, states which may be not equilibrium points of the linear systems. In this case, it is proved in this paper that the proposed control law steers the system to an admissible steady state (different to the target) which is optimal with relation to the offset cost function. Therefore, the proposed controller for tracking achieves an optimal closed-loop performance during the transient as well as an optimal steady state in case of not admissible target. These properties are illustrated in an example.
Modeling Associative Recognition : A Comparison of Two-High-Threshold , Two-High-Threshold Signal Detection , and Mixture Distribution Models By :

The study of associative recognition is concerned with mechanisms underlying the recognition of the associations between two items. Studies for investigating associative recognition of word pairs typically involve test sets consisting of three different types of word pairs: (a) intact pairs, (b) rearranged pairs, and (c) lure pairs. Assume that in an initial learning phase the pairs and had been studied (letters stand for words). In the testing phase, three types of pairs can be presented: (a) and are , (b) and are (with the order of items preserved) resulting from recombining words from different study pairs; (c) are consisting of entirely new words. Participants provide recognition judgments on a 6-point confidence scale (1 = to 6 = ). A B C D
The efficiency of bank branches

Article history: Received March 5, 2015 Received in revised format August 16 2015 Accepted September 31 2015 Available online October 9 2015 Banking industry has significant contribution in development of economies of developing countries. Most banks execute their operations through different branches. Therefore it is important to measure the relative efficiencies of these branches. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is one of the most useful tools in measuring banks’ performance. The present paper aims to extract ranking pattern of banks based on performance evaluation using DEA analysis. In the present research, 120 bank branches of Bank Shahr in city of Tehran were selected and their efficiencies were evaluated using DEA technique. The results are discussed and compared with similar studies. Growing Science Ltd. All rights reserved. 5 © 201
Information theoretic measures for clusterings comparison: is a correction for chance necessary?

Information theoretic based measures form a fundamental class of similarity measures for comparing clusterings, beside the class of pair-counting based and set-matching based measures. In this paper, we discuss the necessity of correction for chance for information theoretic based measures for clusterings comparison. We observe that the baseline for such measures, i.e. average value between random partitions of a data set, does not take on a constant value, and tends to have larger variation when the ratio between the number of data points and the number of clusters is small. This effect is similar in some other non-information theoretic based measures such as the well-known Rand Index. Assuming a hypergeometric model of randomness, we derive the analytical formula for the expected mutual information value between a pair of clusterings, and then propose the adjusted version for several popular information theoretic based measures. Some examples are given to demonstrate the need and usefulness of the adjusted measures.