Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
WEB‐BASED AND PAPER‐AND‐PENCIL TESTING OF APPLICANTS IN A PROCTORED SETTING: ARE PERSONALITY, BIODATA, AND SITUATIONAL JUDGMENT TESTS COMPARABLE?

This quasi-experimental study compares the equivalence of proctored Web-based tests to paper-and-pencil tests in a selection setting. The predictor battery was composed of measures of Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Emotional Stability, a biodata form, and a situational judgment test. Three samples were administered the same test items, but differed with respect to context and test format: 425 incumbents completed a paper-and-pencil version, 2,544 applicants completed a paper-and-pencil version, and 2,356 applicants completed an identical Web-based version (although these individuals were not randomly assigned to test format, the job and organization were the same for all samples). The results found effects for both context and test format. Relative to the applicants completing the paper-and-pencil measures, the Web-based measures showed (a) better distributional properties, (b) lower means, (c) more variance, (d) higher internal consistency reliabilities, and (e) stronger intercorrelations. Although the applicant context resulted in higher mean responses than the incumbent context, this difference was about twice as large for the paper-and-pencil test than for the Web-based test. All such differences were greater for personality measures than for biodata and situational judgment tests. Overall, these results suggest that proctored Web-based testing has some positive benefits relative to paper-and-pencil measures, and we identify several implications of these findings for research and practice.
A Near Optimal Localized Heuristic for Voice Multicasting over Ad Hoc Wireless Networks

Providing real-time voice multicasting over multi-hop ad hoc wireless networks is a challenging task. The unique characteristics of voice traffic (viz. small packet size, high packet rate, and soft real-time nature) make conventional multicasting protocols perform quite poorly, hence warranting application centric approaches in order to provide robustness against packet losses and lower the overhead due to high packet rate. In this paper, we first show that the optimal voice multicasting tree (OVMT) problem is NP-complete and then propose a localized distributed heuristic for minimum number of transmissions (LDMT). By incorporating LDMT in ADMR protocol, extensive simulations are done in NS-2 framework to measure the performance of LDMT for voice applications. We observed that LDMT reduces the redundant transmissions in transmitting voice packets from the source to all multicast receivers (thus reducing the overall voice traffic considerably), thereby making it suitable for voice multicasting in AWNs.
Leveraging Deep Neural Networks and Knowledge Graphs for Entity Disambiguation

Entity Disambiguation aims to link mentions of ambiguous entities to a knowledge base (e.g., Wikipedia). Modeling topical coherence is crucial for this task based on the assumption that information from the same semantic context tends to belong to the same topic. This paper presents a novel deep semantic relatedness model (DSRM) based on deep neural networks (DNN) and semantic knowledge graphs (KGs) to measure entity semantic relatedness for topical coherence modeling. The DSRM is directly trained on large-scale KGs and it maps heterogeneous types of knowledge of an entity from KGs to numerical feature vectors in a latent space such that the distance between two semantically-related entities is minimized. Compared with the state-of-the-art relatedness approach proposed by (Milne and Witten, 2008a), the DSRM obtains 19.4% and 24.5% reductions in entity disambiguation errors on two publicly available datasets respectively.
Gunslinger: Subtle Arms-down Mid-air Interaction

We describe Gunslinger, a mid-air interaction technique using barehand postures and gestures. Unlike past work, we explore a relaxed arms-down position with both hands interacting at the sides of the body. It features "hand-cursor" feedback to communicate recognized hand posture, command mode and tracking quality; and a simple, but flexible hand posture recognizer. Although Gunslinger is suitable for many usage contexts, we focus on integrating mid-air gestures with large display touch input. We show how the Gunslinger form factor enables an interaction language that is equivalent, coherent, and compatible with large display touch input. A four-part study evaluates Midas Touch, posture recognition feedback, pointing and clicking, and general usability.
Change of values and future of the Galician language

In response to the observation that the Galician language finds itself in a situation of potential danger, we will reflect on some parameters that may help to define the situation. Beginning with an analysis of issues such as the socio-structural transition that Galician has experienced over the past few decades and making use of sociolinguistic data provided by some recent investigations such as the Mapa Sociolinguistico de Galicia (Sociolinguistic Map of Galicia), we will endeavour to present some interpretive advice inspired by sociological theory of culture and values, and also based upon a contrast with data proceeding from a study recently conducted in Valencia. This analysis will help us to defend the idea that the latest data available concerning the strong decline in exclusive Galician speakers must be viewed in the context that a change in culture and values is beginning. This possible change is destined to have a direct effect on the way in which the community of Galicia assumes and makes possible its own identitary plan.
Investigating goal conflict as a source of mixed emotions

This research investigated whether (1) the experience of mixed emotions is a consequence of activating conflicting goals and (2) mixed emotions are distinct from emotional conflict. A preliminary experiment (Study 1, N = 35) showed that an elicited goal conflict predicted more mixed emotions than a condition where the same goals were not in conflict. The second experiment was based on naturally occurring goal activation (Study 2, N = 57). This illustrated that mixed emotions were experienced more following conflicting goals compared with a facilitating goals condition—on both a direct self-report measure of mixed emotions and a minimum index measure. The results also showed that mixed emotions were different to emotional conflict. Overall, goal conflict was found to be a source of mixed emotions, and it is feasible that such states have a role in resolving personal dilemmas.
Attitudes toward Suicide and Conservatism: A Comparison of Chinese and United States Samples

The Suicide Opinion Questionnaire and the Conservatism Scale were administered to two samples of respondents: seventy-three mainland Chinese adults and seventy-three United States adults of comparable age, gender, and socioeconomic level. The results indicated significant mean differences on all eight SOQ scales and on Conservatism. Chinese mean scores reflected higher agreement on the SOQ scales of mental illness, cry for help, and aggression, and higher disagreement on the right to die, religion, impulsivity, normality, and moral evil scales. Chinese scored in the more conservative direction, but in both samples the pattern of correlations between conservatism and SOQ scales was highly similar.
Answering allegations: the use of the corporate website for restorative ethical and social disclosure

Company websites have become increasingly ambitious and elaborate in their functionality (Adams & Frost 2003). From websites that contained information that was little more than an electronic rendering of hard copy publications (e.g. accounting reports), advancing technology, increasing sophistication and interactivity have precipitated an information-transfer environment in which websites can not only contain a much broader range of information but also provide for the information needs of a broader (in historical terms) range of stakeholders. Companies have employed website technology for an increasing number of purposes. These have included marketing, selling (Lymer 1999), reporting (Xiao et al. 2002; Marston 2003) and, in a recent study (Adams & Frost 2003), reputation management was cited as a possible function. In order to explore the usefulness of websites as a possible vehicle for ‘ethical’ reputation management communication (and in so doing, address an empirical deficit), a method was developed for testing for website responses to public allegations of specific ethical malpractice or faux pas. In addition to informing the question as to the uses that corporate websites may be put, a second purpose of this paper is to explore qualitative and quantitative aspects of content analysis method relevant to website interrogation. Eight large organisations were selected on the basis that they had had one or more publicly made allegations of an ethical nature against them. Upon interrogating their websites in the summer of 2002, all were found to provide voluntary website disclosures pertaining to the allegations although the ‘quality’ and ‘quantity’ of the responses were not consistent. The responses to the allegations did not appear to be affected by the ‘age’ of the allegation, thus suggesting that a threat to an otherwise good reputation may be long-lasting. The remainder of this paper proceeds as follows. In the next section, the literature relating to the uses of websites in disclosure and reporting is reviewed. Some of the issues surrounding the pros and cons of using websites over hard copy for reporting purposes are discussed. The method used in the study is then discussed and the results are presented. A discussion of the findings concludes the paper.
The Influence of Chronic Control Concerns on Counterfactual Thought

The present study investigated relationships between counterfactual thinking, control motivation, and depression. Mildly depressed and nondepressed participants described negative life events that might happen again (repeatable event condition) or probably will not happen again (nonrepeatable event condition) and then made upward counterfactuals about these events. Compared to nondepressed participants, depressed participants made more counterfactuals about controllable than uncontrollable aspects of the events they described, and this effect was mediated by general control loss perceptions in the repeatable event condition. Making more counterfactuals about controllable than uncontrollable aspects also enhanced retrospective control perceptions, but only in the repeatable event condition. Functional and dysfunctional implications of making counterfactuals about controllable features of events are discussed.
Local Injection of Endothelin-1 Produces Pain-Like Behavior and Excitation of Nociceptors in Rats

Neurobehavioral and neurophysiological actions of the peptide endothelin-1 (ET-1) were investigated after subcutaneous plantar hindpaw injections in adult male Sprague Dawley rats. Hindpaw flinching developed within minutes after ET-1 (8–16 nmol) injection, peaked at 30 min, lasted for 60 min, and was strongly inhibited by the endothelin-A (ETA) receptor antagonist, BQ-123 (3.2m). In separate experiments, impulse activity of single, physiologically characterized sensory C-, Aδ-, and Aβ-fibers was recorded from the sciatic nerve in anesthetized rats after subcutaneous injections of endothelin-1 (1–20 nmol), alone or together with BQ-123 (3.2 m), into the plantar hindpaw receptive fields of these units. All nociceptive C-fibers (31 of 33 C-fibers studied) were excited by ET-1 (1–20 nmol) in a dose-dependent manner. For doses of 16–20 nmol, the mean latency for afferent activation after injection of ET-1 was 3.16 ± 0.31 min, and the mean and maximum response frequency were 2.02 ± 0.48 impulses (imp)/sec and 14.0 ± 3.2 imp/sec, respectively. All 10 nociceptive Aδ-fibers (of 12 Aδ-fibers studied) also responded to 1–20 nmol of ET-1 in a dose-dependent manner with a mean latency of 3.5 ± 0.12 min and mean response frequency of 3.3 ± 2.3 imp/sec. In contrast, most Aβ-fibers (9 of 12) did not respond to ET-1. BQ-123, when coinjected with ET-1, blocked ET-1-induced activation in all C- and Aδ-fibers tested. These data demonstrate that subcutaneous administration of ET-1 to the rat plantar hindpaw produces pain-like behavior and selective excitation of nociceptive fibers through activation of ETAreceptors.
Reaching target hemoglobin level and having a functioning arteriovenous fistula significantly improve one year survival in twice weekly hemodialysis.

INTRODUCTION This is a prospective study of a cohort of 1011 patients maintained on regular hemodialysis (HD) in Khartoum, Sudan, studied in the year 2009 and reevaluated one year later. Their survival rates in November 2010 were related to their baseline characteristics. METHODS Demographic and clinical data of studied patients was collected by direct patient interviews and dialysis records revision. Survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan Meier method. RESULTS Patients had a median age of 45 years and a median duration on dialysis of 25 months. Two thirds of patients were males and 4.2% were children. Studied patients had a one-year survival rate of 86%. Most patients (74.8%) received twice weekly HD, and their survival rate was lower than patients receiving thrice weekly HD (85% versus 89%, P = 0.06). The strongest independent predictors of mortality were lack of a documented measure of dialysis adequacy (HR = 2.7, P = 0.00), poor functional capacity (HR = 2.4, P = 0.00), lack of a functioning AV fistula (HR = 2.0, P = 0.00), age ≥ 65 years (HR = 1.6, P = 0.02) and cardiovascular disease (HR = 1.5, P = 0.04). Patients with hemoglobin level < 10 g/dl had significantly lower survival rates (81% versus 92%, P = 0.00) compared to other patients. HD patients' perception of their own general health was also significantly correlated to their survival rates (P = 0.00). CONCLUSION Patients on thrice weekly HD did marginally better than those on twice weekly HD. In the latter group, however, having an AV fistula and a hemoglobin level of > 10 g/dl appeared to have a positive effect on their survival. Twice weekly HD could be acceptable for many patients provided other aspects of renal care are cared for adequately.
Factors determining the career success of doctorate holders: evidence from the Spanish case

This paper analyses the determining factors of PhDs' career success. Earnings have been used as an objective measure, and a subjective measure of success was constructed based on the individuals' assessments of broader aspects of their job position. When analysing the data by field of knowledge and gender, it was found that males and PhD holders in the field of sciences achieve greater career success in terms of earnings. However, the theory of the glass ceiling does not appear to apply. On the basis of a subjective measure of career success, on the other hand, it is women and PhD holders in humanities and social sciences that are more successful. Regardless of the measure of success used, the most important determining factor in career success is job satisfaction, thus reinforcing the theory that PhD holders are a group of workers with a more complex conception of career success.
The Role of Situational Authenticity in English Language Textbooks

This study assesses the extent to which situational authenticity has been implemented in three commercial ELT textbook series in Hong Kong, which are designed to reflect the local sociolinguistic setting. The analysis involved the quantification and categorization of both written and spoken texts in the textbooks. The results of this analysis were subsequently compared with empirical evidence about Hong Kong people’s real-life language use. The findings suggest that a close alignment between the language-using contexts in textbooks and the real world is unrealistic, inappropriate and virtually impossible at school. The paper discusses the actual challenges faced by textbook writers, particularly in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) contexts, namely the difficulties in dealing with (1) the contrast between real-world and classroom language needs, (2) local educational constraints, (3) the restricted societal role of English in EFL societies and (4) the lack of a needs analysis of the local language-using contexts for textbook design. It recommends that textbook writers adopt a more straightforward approach to designing tasks and highlights the important role of teachers in promoting interactional authenticity in the classroom.
Sobrecarga de familiares cuidadores em relação ao diagnóstico de pacientes psiquiátricos

Objective This study aimed to compare the degree of objective and subjective burden felt by family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and by family caregivers of patients with major depression, as well as the associated factors and life dimensions most affected in each group. Methods Participated in this study 50 family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia and 50 family caregivers of patients with major depression. These subjects participated in a structured interview for the application of the FBIS-BR burden scale and a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire. Results The results indicated significant differences in the degree of burden of the two family caregivers groups, in the analysis of specific scale items. The family caregivers of patients with schizophrenia showed significantly higher objective burden in the subscale “Assistance in Everyday Life”, particularly in the tasks related to medication administration and financial management, and they also had more feeling of financial burden. Caregivers of patients with major depression had a higher frequency of self-injurious behaviors supervision, more concern with the social life of patients and a greater feeling of discomfort in the service tasks in everyday life. No difference was observed between groups regarding the scale global scores. Conclusion The differences found in this study pointed out the need for mental health services to plan specific interventions for each group of family caregivers.
Long-term changes in body composition and prevalence of overweight and obesity in girls (aged 3–18 years) from Kraków (Poland) from 1983, 2000 and 2010

Abstract Background: Body mass disorders are an increasing problem, especially in industrialized countries. Aim: Determination of time- and age-related differences in the prevalence of overweight, obesity and in body composition in girls from 1983, 2000 and 2010. Subject and methods: In 2010 an anthropological study was conducted on 1970 girls aged 3–18 years living in Kraków (Poland). Data on selected skin-folds, BMI, muscle mass and bone mass were compared to two studies on analogous populations carried out in 1983 and 2000. Results: Compared to 1983, the share of overweight girls in 2010 had decreased (from 12.4% to 11.2%), while the obesity rate had increased slightly from 2.3% to 3.2%. Girls from 2010 had lower overall body fat content than their peers studied in 1983. However, in 2010 suprailiac adiposity prevalence was higher, while triceps, subscapular and abdominal adiposity rates were lower. They also had higher muscle mass and lower bone mass. Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight and obesity has not changed significantly over the last 30 years. However, significant changes have occurred in body composition. Girls measured in 2010 had lower total adipose tissue, although they also showed a tendency towards increased central adiposity.
One‐Step Reforming of CO2 and CH4 into High‐Value Liquid Chemicals and Fuels at Room Temperature by Plasma‐Driven Catalysis

Abstract The conversion of CO2 with CH4 into liquid fuels and chemicals in a single‐step catalytic process that bypasses the production of syngas remains a challenge. In this study, liquid fuels and chemicals (e.g., acetic acid, methanol, ethanol, and formaldehyde) were synthesized in a one‐step process from CO2 and CH4 at room temperature (30 °C) and atmospheric pressure for the first time by using a novel plasma reactor with a water electrode. The total selectivity to oxygenates was approximately 50–60 %, with acetic acid being the major component at 40.2 % selectivity, the highest value reported for acetic acid thus far. Interestingly, the direct plasma synthesis of acetic acid from CH4 and CO2 is an ideal reaction with 100 % atom economy, but it is almost impossible by thermal catalysis owing to the significant thermodynamic barrier. The combination of plasma and catalyst in this process shows great potential for manipulating the distribution of liquid chemical products in a given process.
[MRI-morphology and staging of congenital mesoblastic nephroma: evaluation of a collection with 20 patients].

PURPOSE To differentiate classic and cellular type of congenital mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) in MRI and to evaluate MRI for staging according to the Societe Internationale de Oncologie Pediatrique (SIOP). MATERIAL AND METHODS MRI examinations of 20 children with CMN (age 1st to 16th months, classic type n = 11, cellular type n = 7, mixed type n = 2) were analyzed retrospectively. Cysts, necrosis, hemmorhage in the tumor, signal intensity, tumor structure, thrombosis and dilatation of renal vein, crossing of the body midline, peripheral contrast-enhancement, tumor volume and existence of a tumor pseudocapsule in contrast to the residual kidney were described. The radiologic stage was compared with the histopathologic stage (infiltration of perirenal fat and infiltration of the renal sinus). RESULTS Tumors of the classic type (mean volume 67.9 ml) had necrosis in 1 case, crossed the midline in 1 case, had no cysts or bleeding, and had a peripheral contrast-enhancement in 1 case, and were heterogeneous in 9 cases. The cellular type (mean volume 302.8 ml) had tumor necrosis in 6 cases, bleeding in 3 cases, cysts in 3 cases, crossed the midline in 4 cases, and peripheral contrast enhancement in 2 cases, and was predominantly heterogeneous. Mixed tumor types (7 ml and 202 ml) had tumor necrosis in 1 case and crossed the midline in 1 case, a peripheral contrast enhancement in 2 cases and a homogenous structure in 1 case. The signal intensity in T1 w and T2 w images was not specific. The renal vein was inconspicuous in all children. The evaluation of the infiltration in perirenal fatty tissue was true positive in 1 case, true negative in 10 cases, false negative in 4 cases and false positive in 5 cases. The infiltration of the renal hilus was true positive in 10 children, false positive in 8 cases and true negative in 2 cases. CONCLUSION A typical finding of CMN in MRI is a heterogeneous tumor without demarcation from the rest of the kidney parenchyma by a pseudocapsule. The cellular type of CMN tends to have a higher tumor volume and shows more necrosis, bleeding and cysts than the classic type in MRI. A peripheral contrast-enhancement in MRI is not characteristic for any type of CMN. Local tumor staging is not possible with MRI.