Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TrueErase

One important aspect of privacy is the ability to securely delete sensitive data from electronic storage in such a way that it cannot be recovered; we call this action secure deletion. Short of physically destroying the entire storage medium, existing software secure-deletion solutions tend to be piecemeal at best -- they may only work for one type of storage or file system, may force the user to delete all files instead of selected ones, may require the added complexities of encryption and key storage, may require extensive changes and additions to the computer's operating system or storage firmware, and may not handle system crashes gracefully. We present TrueErase, a holistic secure-deletion framework for individual systems that contain sensitive data. Through design, implementation, verification, and evaluation on both a hard drive and NAND flash, TrueErase shows that it is possible to construct a per-file, secure-deletion framework that can accommodate different storage media and legacy file systems, require limited changes to legacy systems, and handle common crash scenarios. TrueErase can serve as a building block by cryptographic systems that securely delete information by erasing encryption keys. The overhead is dependent on spatial locality, number of sensitive files, and workload (computational- or I/O-bound).
Effects of duration and timing of heat stress on Monarch Butterfly (Danaus plexippus) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) development

Exposure to temperatures above 29? C has been shown to be detrimental to the de velopment of Monarch Butterfly (Danaus plexippus L.) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) larvae, while it has been assumed that temperatures above 33? are lethal. However, the details of larval sensitiv ity to high temperatures are not clearly understood. We examined the effects of different lengths and timing of high-temperature exposure on larval and pupal mortality, development time, and adult mass. The experimental high temperature was 36? , while 27? was the moderate temperature at which individuals were kept when not exposed to the high temperature. In three experiments, larvae and pupae were subjected either to constant exposure to 36? initiated at various developmental stages or to fluctuating temperatures (daily high-temperature pulses of 6 or 12 hours) throughout devel opment. In general, we found that increasing lengths of constant exposure resulted in increasingly higher mortality, longer development time, and lighter adult mass, while daily temperature fluctua tions resulted in very little mortality and shorter development times. Mortality, development time, and adult size were affected differently by the initiation of high-temperature treatment at the vari ous stages of development. Because faster development is likely to be beneficial to Monarchs, cer tain high-temperature regimes that allow for shortened time to adulthood may not be as detrimen tal to larvae and pupae as previously was assumed. key words: Danaus plexippus, heat stress, larval development, Monarch Butterfly, thermoperiod
Assessment of auditory processing in children demonstrating symptoms of (Central) Auditory processing disorder (C)APD

(Central) auditory processing describes functions such as sound localization and lateralization; auditory discrimination; auditory pattern recognition; temporal aspects of audition (e.g., temporal gap detection), temporal ordering, and temporal masking; auditory performance in competing acoustic signals (including dichotic listening); and auditory performance with degraded acoustic signals. Poor performance in one or more of these abilities without signs of degraded abilities of higher order cognitive/communicative and/or language-related functions might be a symptom for (Central) Auditory processing disorder, (C)APD. For school- aged children, (C)APD can manifest itself in difficulties in learning, speech, language, social, and related functions. However, depending on individual combinations of “bottom-up” and “top-down” abilities, the same aspect of auditory processing deficit may influence different children in different ways, which makes standardised ways of a diagnostic approach difficult to establish. During the last two years, a multidisciplinary team at Uppsala University Hospital has worked on diagnosis and management of children demonstrating symptoms of (C)APD. Results of measurements of auditory processing of 50 children as well as approaches to manage their problems are presented and discussed.
Implementing a Sparse Matrix Vector Product for the SELL-C / SELL-C-σ formats on NVIDIA GPUs

Numerical methods in sparse linear algebra typically rely on a fast and efficient matrix vector product, as this usually is the backbone of iterative algorithms for solving eigenvalue problems or linear systems. Against the background of a large diversity in the characteristics of high performance computer architectures, it is a challenge to derive a cross-platform efficient storage format along with fast matrix vector kernels. Recently, attention focused on the SELL-C-σ format, a sliced ELLPACK format enhanced by row-sorting to reduce the fill in when padding rows with zeros. In this paper we propose an additional modification resulting in the padded sliced ELLPACK (SELLP) format, for which we develop a sparse matrix vector CUDA kernel that is able to efficiently exploit the computing power of NVIDIA GPUs. We show that the kernel we developed outperforms straight-forward implementations for the widespread CSR and ELLPACK formats, and is highly competitive to the implementations in the highly optimized CUSPARSE library.
Transcriptomic Analysis of the Anterior Silk Gland in the Domestic Silkworm (Bombyx mori) – Insight into the Mechanism of Silk Formation and Spinning

Silk proteins are synthesized in the middle and posterior silk glands of silkworms, then transit into the anterior of the silk gland, where the silk fibers are produced, stored and processed. The mechanism of formation and spinning of the silk fibers has not been fully elucidated, and transcriptome analyses specific to the anterior silk gland have not been reported. In the present study, we explored gene expression profiles in five regions of silk gland samples using the RNA-Seq method. As a result, there were 959,979,570 raw reads obtained, of which 583,068,172 reads were mapped to the silkworm genome. A total of 7419 genes were found to be expressed in terms of reads per kilobase of exon model per million mapped reads ≥ 5 in at least one sample. The gene numbers and expression levels of the expressed genes differed between these regions. The differentially expressed genes were analyzed, and 282 genes were detected as up-regulated in the anterior silk gland, compared with the other parts. Functions of these genes were addressed using the gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes databases, and seven key pathways were enriched. It suggested that the ion transportation, energy metabolism, protease inhibitors and cuticle proteins played essential roles in the process of silk formation and spinning in the anterior silk gland. In addition, 210 genes were found differently expressed between males and females, which should help to elucidate the mechanism of the quality difference in silk fibers from male and female silkworms.
Seroepidemiology of Toxocariasis in Children (5–15 yr Old) Referred to the Pediatric Clinic of Imam Hossein Hospital, Isfahan, Iran

Background: Human toxocariasis, a helminthozoonosis, is due to the migration of Toxocara species larvae into human organisms. Humans, especially children become infected by ingesting of embryonated eggs from soil, dirty hands, and raw vegetables. Seroprevalence of this infection is high in developed countries, especially in rural areas. The aim of this study was to investigate the seroepidemiology of Toxocariasis in children referred to the pediatric clinic of Imam Hossein hospital, Isfahan, Iran. Methods: In this cross sectional study the sera of children aged 5 to 15 years old, admitted to Imam Hossein Pediatric Hospital were collected during 2013–14. Then the sera were examined for anti Toxocara canis antibodies using commercial ELISA kit. Results: From 427 children, 196 (45.9%) were female and 231(54.1%) were male. 107(25.1%) were from rural and 320 (74.9%) were from urban area. Of them 129 (30.2%) were contacted with dog. One child (0.2%) had hypereosinophilia, 33 (7.7%) eosinophlia, and 6 (1.39%) were positive for T. canis IgG (two male and four female). Four of infected children with T. canis were from urban (1.25%) and two from rural areas (1.9%). There was no significant correlation between education of parents, gender, age, place of living and contact with dog with ELISA results test. Conclusion: Toxocariasis is prevalent in the children of Isfahan region. Results suggest a low Toxocara exposure in children in this area. Therefore, more risk factors associated with Toxocara exposure should be identified in the further investigation.
Decellularization and Characterization of Porcine Superflexor Tendon: A Potential Anterior Cruciate Ligament Replacement

The porcine superflexor tendon (SFT) was identified as having appropriate structure and properties for development of a decellularized device for use in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. SFTs were decellularized using a combination of freeze–thaw and washes in hypotonic buffer and 0.1% (w/v) sodium dodecyl sulfate in hypotonic buffer plus proteinase inhibitors, followed by nuclease treatment and sterilization using peracetic acid. The decellularized biological scaffold was devoid of cells and cell remnants and contained only 13 ng/mg (dry weight) residual total DNA. Immunohistochemistry showed retention of collagen type I and III and tenascin-C. Quantitative analysis of sulfated sugar and hydroxyproline content revealed a loss of glycosaminoglycans compared with native tissue, but no loss of collagen. The decellularized SFT was biocompatible in vitro and in vivo following implantation in a mouse subcutaneous model for 12 weeks. Uniaxial tensile testing to failure indicated that the gross material properties of decellularized SFTs were not significantly different to native tissue. Decellularized SFTs had an ultimate tensile strength of 61.8 ± 10.3 MPa (±95% confidence limits), a failure strain of 0.29 ± 0.04, and a Young's modulus of the collagen phase of 294.1 ± 61.9 MPa. Analysis of the presence of the α-Gal (galactose-α-1,3-galactose) epitope by immunohistochemistry, lectin binding, and antibody absorption assay indicated that the epitope was reduced, but still present post decellularization. This is discussed in light of the potential role of noncellular α-Gal in the acceleration of wound healing and tissue regeneration in the presence of antibodies to α-Gal.
An increased prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus infection in young patients suggests a possible etiology for systemic lupus erythematosus.

An unknown environmental agent has been suspected to induce systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus) in man. Prompted by our recent immunochemical findings, we sought evidence for an association between Epstein-Barr virus infection and lupus. Because the vast majority of adults have been infected with Epstein-Barr virus, we chose to study children and young adults. Virtually all (116 of 117, or 99%) of these young patients had seroconverted against Epstein-Barr virus, as compared with only 70% (107 of 153) of their controls (odds ratio 49.9, 95% confidence interval 9.3-1025, P < 0. 00000000001). The difference in the rate of Epstein-Barr virus seroconversion could not be explained by serum IgG level or by cross-reacting anti-Sm/nRNP autoantibodies. No similar difference was found in the seroconversion rates against four other herpes viruses. An assay for Epstein-Barr viral DNA in peripheral blood lymphocytes established Epstein-Barr virus infection in the peripheral blood of all 32 of the lupus patients tested, while only 23 of the 32 matched controls were infected (odds ratio > 10, 95% confidence interval 2.53-infinity, P < 0.002). When considered with other evidence supporting a relationship between Epstein-Barr virus and lupus, these data are consistent with, but do not in themselves establish, Epstein-Barr virus infection as an etiologic factor in lupus.
Approximate Range Counting Revisited

We study range-searching for colored objects, where one has to count (approximately) the number of colors present in a query range. The problems studied mostly involve orthogonal range-searching in two and three dimensions, and the dual setting of rectangle stabbing by points. We present optimal and near-optimal solutions for these problems. Most of the results are obtained via reductions to the approximate uncolored version, and improved data-structures for them. An additional contribution of this work is the introduction of nested shallow cuttings.
Quantitative MR evaluation of atrophy, as well as perfusion and diffusion alterations within hippocampi in patients with Alzheimer’s disease and mild cognitive impairment

Background The aim of this study was to evaluate atrophy rates, perfusion, and diffusion disturbances within the hippocampus, which is the site of characteristic changes in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Material/Methods Thirty patients with AD (mean age 71.2 yrs) – 34 with MCI (mean age 67.7 yrs) and 20 healthy controls (mean age 68.1 yrs) – underwent structural MR examination followed by perfusion and diffusion-weighted imaging on a 1.5 T scanner. Visual rating of hippocampal atrophy, planimetric measurements of hippocampal formation (HF) and perihippocampal fluid spaces (PFSs), and values of relative cerebral blood volume (rCBV) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) were assessed. The results were correlated with the MMSE scores. Results In AD we found decreased size of HF and increased diameters of PFSs and ADC values, compared to MCI and control group. Compared to normal controls, the MCI group showed decreased HF size and increased diameters of only medial PFS. There were no differences in rCBV values among all the subject groups. Planimetric measurements of hippocampal atrophy showed the highest accuracy in diagnosing AD and MCI. In all patients, the increased rates of hippocampal atrophy correlated with the increased ADC values. In MCI, MMSE scores correlated with the HF size and ADC values. Conclusions In AD and MCI, hippocampal atrophy is associated with decreased tissue integrity without coexisting perfusion disturbances. Of all evaluated hippocampal measurements, atrophy rates seem to be the most useful parameters in detecting changes among AD, MCI, and control subjects.
Beetroot Juice Supplementation Improves High-Intensity Intermittent Type Exercise Performance in Trained Soccer Players

It has been shown that nitrate supplementation can enhance endurance exercise performance. Recent work suggests that nitrate ingestion can also increase intermittent type exercise performance in recreational athletes. We hypothesized that six days of nitrate supplementation can improve high-intensity intermittent type exercise performance in trained soccer players. Thirty-two male soccer players (age: 23 ± 1 years, height: 181 ± 1 m, weight: 77 ± 1 kg, playing experience: 15.2 ± 0.5 years, playing in the first team of a 2nd or 3rd Dutch amateur league club) participated in this randomized, double-blind cross-over study. All subjects participated in two test days in which high-intensity intermittent running performance was assessed using the Yo-Yo IR1 test. Subjects ingested nitrate-rich (140 mL; ~800 mg nitrate/day; BR) or a nitrate-depleted beetroot juice (PLA) for six subsequent days, with at least eight days of wash-out between trials. The distance covered during the Yo-Yo IR1 was the primary outcome measure, while heart rate (HR) was measured continuously throughout the test, and a single blood and saliva sample were collected just prior to the test. Six days of BR ingestion increased plasma and salivary nitrate and nitrite concentrations in comparison to PLA (p < 0.001), and enhanced Yo-Yo IR1 test performance by 3.4 ± 1.3% (from 1574 ± 47 to 1623 ± 48 m; p = 0.027). Mean HR was lower in the BR (172 ± 2) vs. PLA trial (175 ± 2; p = 0.014). Six days of BR ingestion effectively improves high-intensity intermittent type exercise performance in trained soccer players.
Electrophysiological correlates of cognitive inhibition in college students with schizotypal traits

Objective: We investigated cognitive inhibition in non-clinical individuals with schizotypal traits using event-related potentials. Methods: College students with psychometrically defined schizotypal traits (n = 16) and normal controls (n = 15) participated. The computerized Stroop task with three types of stimuli, i.e., congruent, incongruent, and neutral words, was used to measure cognitive inhibition. Results: The schizotypal-trait group committed significantly more errors in response to incongruent words than did the control group. The control group showed frontal negativity (FN) of significantly greater amplitude in response to incongruent than to congruent and neutral stimuli, whereas the schizotypal-trait group showed no significant difference in FN amplitude between incongruent and congruent/neutral stimuli at 300 - 400 ms poststimulus. A source localization analysis conducted in different waveforms for incongruent minus congruent conditions at 300-400 ms poststimulus showed reduced activation in the left cingulate cortex and in the middle/medial prefrontal cortex in the schizotypal-trait group compared with the control group. The two groups did not differ in the sustained potential amplitudes observed at 550-650 ms after stimulus-onset at parietal sites. Conclusions: These results suggest that individuals with schizotypal traits have difficulties in conflict detection and cognitive inhibition, possibly mediated by the cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex.
Racism Here, Racism There, Racism Everywhere: The Racial Realities of Minoritized Peer Socialization Agents at a Historically White Institution

Abstract: I critically examined the ways racially minoritized college students who served as peer socialization agents (i.e., orientation leaders, tour guides) experienced their campus climate in relation to their racial identities and student ambassador positions. Framed by critical race theory, the counternarratives of 11 racially minoritized peer socialization agents at a historically White institution illuminated the ways racially minoritized student leaders experienced pervasive racism despite their prestigious status at the institution. The results of this study suggest implications for practice and future research.
The ‘Polychronicity - Multiple Media Use’ (P-MMU) scale: a multi-dimensional scale to measure polychronicity in the context of multiple media use

ABSTRACT Our paper details the development of a new multidimensional scale to measure polychronicity, ‘the preference for multiple media use’ (the P-MMU). Previous measures of polychronicity are predominantly developed for an organisational context, or do not reflect the complexity required for the measurement of the behavioural phenomenon of multiple media use, within the context of Integrated Marketing Communications. Scale development procedures follow a review of literature and prior qualitative study, uncovering motives for individuals’ preference for multiple media use. The nine dimensional P-MMU scale demonstrates stability across two data sets, using a total sample of 317 Digital Natives. In the evolving research area of multiple media use, the P-MMU scale provides an appropriate measure for the study of this phenomenon.
Moufang loops of small order. I

The main result of this paper is the determination of all nonassociative Moufang loops of orders *31. Combinatorial type methods are used to consider a number of cases which lead to the discovery of 13 loops of the type in question and prove that there can be no others. All of the loops found are isomorphic to all of their loop isotopes, are solvable, and satisfy both Lagrange's theorem and Sylow's main theorem. In addition to finding the loops referred to above, we prove that Moufang loops of orders p, p , p or pq (for p and q prime) must be groups. Finally, a method is found for constructing nonassociative Moufang loops as extensions of nonabelian groups by the cyclic group of order 2. L Introduction. In studying algebraic objects, it is frequently useful to have many examples at one's fingertips. In the case of Moufang loops that are not groups, the scarcity of manageable examples is one of the difficulties that we have encountered. It is the purpose of this paper to begin to remedy this situation by finding all Moufang loops of order < 31.0) There are 13 such loops-one of order 12, five of order 16, one of order 20, five of order 24, and one of order 28. The order structures, nuclei and subloops of these loops are given (Tables 3, 4 and 5). All of the loops are G-loops (i.e. they are isomorphic to all of their loop isotopes) and they are solvable. Lagrange's theorem and Sylow's main theorem hold in all of them. In terms of the M^-laws of Pflugfelder [10], some of the loops are M}-loops, some are M7-loops, and some are strictly Moufang. In the course of studying these loops, we find a general method of constructing nonassociative Moufang loops as extensions of groups (see Theorem 1). We also prove that, for p and q being primes, Moufang loops of order pq or of order p" for n < 3 are groups. Presented to the Society, July 15, 1971; received by the editors November 15, 1971. AUS (MOS) subject classifications (1970). Primary 20N05.
Consistencies and rates of convergence of jump-penalized least squares estimators

We study the asymptotics for jump-penalized least squares regression aiming at approximating a regression function by piecewise constant functions. Besides conventional consistency and convergence rates of the estimates in L 2 ([0,1)) our results cover other metrics like Skorokhod metric on the space of cadlag functions and uniform metrics on C([0, 1]). We will show that these estimators are in an adaptive sense rate optimal over certain classes of "approximation spaces. " Special cases are the class of functions of bounded variation (piecewise) Holder continuous functions of order 0 < α ≤ 1 and the class of step functions with a finite but arbitrary number of jumps. In the latter setting, we will also deduce the rates known from change-point analysis for detecting the jumps. Finally, the issue of fully automatic selection of the smoothing parameter is addressed.
Repair of Articular Cartilage Defects with a Novel Injectable In-situ Forming Material in a Canine Model

INTRODUCTION: Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) is an ideal procedure for articular cartilage defects. However, recent comparative clinical trials have demonstrated no significant superiority of this procedure over other procedures. A potential reason for this unexpected outcome is the adverse effects resulting from invasive procedures such as periosteal coverage and wide arthrotomy, and from donor site morbidity. To overcome these limitations, we developed a cellular implantation system of bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) using a novel in-situ forming material based on alginate gel. Additionally, for its clinical application, the endotoxity of this material was successfully reduced by the ultra-purification of alginate. Our previous study demonstrated that autologous BMSCs implantation using this system enhanced cartilage repair in osteochondral defects in rabbits [1]. For our novel system to become a clinical reality, we need to evaluate this technique using a larger animal model that more closely relates to the human clinical setting than does the rabbit model. The aims of this study were to evaluate the potential of treatment with BMSCs implanted using the current cellular vehicle system to enhance cartilage repair in a canine model and to determine whether this system was able to be arthroscopically performed in cadaveric knees.