Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Approaches to biology teaching and learning: science teaching and learning across the school--university divide--cultivating conversations through scientist-teacher partnerships.

Partnerships between members of the scientific community at institutes of higher education and the K–12 education community are an increasingly popular approach to science education reform (Atkin, 1989 ; Chatman, 2002 ; Sussman, 1993 ; NSF, 2003a , 2003b ). Although the word partnership can mean many things to many people, we use the term scientist–teacher partnership here to mean a collaboration among a group of college or university scientists and K–12 teachers, with the goal of improving science education along the kindergarten through postgraduate educational continuum, although many other varieties of partnerships can and do exist through museum and industry collaborations. Since the inception of Cell Biology Education, we have used the space of this column to highlight pedagogical approaches or topics that could be useful to readers in reflecting on and improving their own teaching practice in biology education. We have explored a variety of science teaching issues, including the anatomy of the questions we ask our students (Allen, 2002 ), how we group students in the learning process (Tanner, 2003 ), the role of problem-based learning in developing higher-order thinking skills (Allen, 2003 ), and even the critical importance of simply how long we wait in the classroom to hear answers to questions (Tanner, 2002 ). We've attempted to provide resources and rationales that would be useful to the broad audience of readers, including those new and veteran to teaching, those who view teaching as their primary profession and those who combine teaching with scientific research or administration. In selecting topics and writing this column, it has been no small influence that the primary co-authors of this column function in two different professional realms of science teaching and learning, one predominantly focused on the undergraduate level and the other on K–12 classrooms. We have been engaged in our own partnership, of sorts, and thought it appropriate to highlight the potential role of partnerships between members of the K–12 community and the college and university communities as a promising avenue for improving the teaching practice of all of us in K–16+ classrooms. Indeed, we propose that partnerships across the divide between K–12 schools and institutions of higher education are essential in increasing the coherency of science education in the American educational system from the first days of kindergarten through the undergraduate years.
Metal Decoration Effects on the Gas-Sensing Properties of 2D Hybrid-Structures on Flexible Substrates

We have investigated the effects of metal decoration on the gas-sensing properties of a device with two-dimensional (2D) molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) flake channels and graphene electrodes. The 2D hybrid-structure device sensitively detected NO2 gas molecules (>1.2 ppm) as well as NH3 (>10 ppm). Metal nanoparticles (NPs) could tune the electronic properties of the 2D graphene/MoS2 device, increasing sensitivity to a specific gas molecule. For instance, palladium NPs accumulate hole carriers of graphene/MoS2, electronically sensitizing NH3 gas molecules. Contrarily, aluminum NPs deplete hole carriers, enhancing NO2 sensitivity. The synergistic combination of metal NPs and 2D hybrid layers could be also applied to a flexible gas sensor. There was no serious degradation in the sensing performance of metal-decorated MoS2 flexible devices before/after 5000 bending cycles. Thus, highly sensitive and endurable gas sensor could be achieved through the metal-decorated 2D hybrid-structure, offering a useful route to wearable electronic sensing platforms.
Racial/ethnic disparities on self-reported hypertension in New York City: examining disparities among Hispanic subgroups.

OBJECTIVES To investigate differences in self-reported hypertension among Hispanic subgroups as they compare to Asian, non-Hispanic Black and non-Hispanic White groups; and whether these differences depend on nativity status in the New York City Community Health Survey 2006-2008. DESIGN Cross-sectional. SETTING New York City. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Self-reported hypertension. METHODS Log-binomial regression was used to estimate the strength of the association between race/ethnicity and self-reported hypertension before and after adjusting for selected covariates. RESULTS In adjusted analyses, Puerto Ricans, Dominicans and Blacks had 17%, 28% and 34% greater probability of reporting hypertension than Whites. The association between race/ethnicity and self-reported hypertension appears to vary with nativity status/length of stay in the United States. (P=.08). CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the need to investigate the prevalence of hypertension among subgroups of the Hispanic population. This issue is also relevant to Asians and Blacks, who are very heterogeneous populations regarding subgroups and nativity status.
Parathyroid hormone‐related protein and hypercalcemia

The discovery of parathyroid hormone‐related protein (PTH‐rP) arose from interest in the mechanisms by which certain cancers cause hypercalcemia without necessarily metastasizing to bone. The humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM) had for a long time been ascribed to inappropriate production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) by cancers. The amino‐terminal portions of PTH‐rP and PTH have essentially identical actions through a common receptor for PTH/PTH‐rP: to elevate plasma calcium by promoting bone resorption and decreasing calcium excretion. Assays for plasma PTH‐rP fail to detect protein convincingly in normal plasma, but measurable levels have been found in up to 100% of patients with HHM, in 75% of patients with breast carcinoma metastatic to bone, and in some hypercalcemic patients with miscellaneous cancers. Whereas PTH‐rP clearly functions as a hormone in those cancers in which it is produced in excess, in normal circumstances it is produced locally in many tissues in which it is a paracrine effector. There appears to be little doubt that PTH‐rP is the major mediator of hypercalcemia in patients with HHM, although it is possible that other factors (e.g., bone resorbing cytokines) also could contribute in some patients. In the case of breast carcinoma, another possible role arises for PTH‐rP. The high incidence of PTH‐rP production by primary breast carcinomas, elevated plasma levels in 60% of those with hypercalcemia and lytic metastases, and higher incidence of PTH‐rP production in skeletal versus those with nonskeletal metastases have led to the hypothesis that PTH‐rP might contribute to breast carcinoma growth in bone. Experimental evidence currently is available to support this hypothesis. The discovery of PTH‐rP has contributed greatly to current understanding of the skeletal complications of cancer. Cancer 1997; 80:1564‐71. © 1997 American Cancer Society.
Eradication Rate by Duration of Third-line Rescue Therapy with Levofloxacin after Helicobacter pylori Treatment Failure in Clinical Practice.

Background/Aims This study evaluated the eradication rate of levofloxacin-containing rescue therapy by treatment duration in patients in whom previous first- and second-line treatment failed. Methods Fifty-five patients with persistent Helicobacter pylori infection after first-line therapy and second-line therapy were studied in a single referral academic center. We compared the eradication rates by the treatment duration of third-line therapy. Results Of 55 patients, 12 (21.8%) received rescue therapy for seven days, 24 (43.6%) received rescue therapy for 10 days, and 19 (34.5%) received rescue therapy for 14 days. The eradication rates of therapy with levofloxacin were 65.5% in the 55 enrolled patients and 73.5% in the 49 patients who underwent follow-up testing. In cases where follow-up testing was performed, the eradication rate of 7-day therapy was 58.3%, of 10-day 68.2%, and of 14-day therapy 93.3%. Eradication rate of 14-day therapy was higher than 7-day (p=0.06) and 10-day (p=0.108), but chance could not be ruled out in the difference among groups. Conclusions This study showed somewhat increasing of H. pylori eradication rate by extending the duration of levofloxacin-containing rescue therapy to 14 days.
The Human OFC, vmPFC, and ACC : Development and Evolution

The prefrontal cortex is made up of several subdivisions. I will consider three of these, the orbitofrontal cortex, the ventromedial prefrontal cortex, and the anterior cingulate cortex. These areas make up the agranular and dysgranular portion of the prefrontal cortex and have extensive connections with the neocortex as well as several subcortical structures. They play a critical role in emotional/social regulation, reward based learning, attention and error correction. Through these functions they contribute to decision making processes. Here I will discuss the anatomy, functions, development, and evolution through reviews of comparative studies of great apes
KF-1 Ubiquitin Ligase: An Anxiety Suppressor

Anxiety is an instinct that may have developed to promote adaptive survival by evading unnecessary danger. However, excessive anxiety is disruptive and can be a basic disorder of other psychiatric diseases such as depression. The KF-1, a ubiquitin ligase located on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), may prevent excessive anxiety; kf-1−/− mice exhibit selectively elevated anxiety-like behavior against light or heights. It is surmised that KF-1 degrades some target proteins, responsible for promoting anxiety, through the ER-associated degradation pathway, similar to Parkin in Parkinson's disease (PD). Parkin, another ER-ubiquitin ligase, prevents the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons by degrading the target proteins responsible for PD. Molecular phylogenetic studies have revealed that the prototype of kf-1 appeared in the very early phase of animal evolution but was lost, unlike parkin, in the lineage leading up to Drosophila. Therefore, kf-1−/− mice may be a powerful tool for elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in emotional regulation, and for screening novel anxiolytic/antidepressant compounds.
Neck Muscle Load Distribution in Lateral, Frontal, and Rear-End Impacts: A Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis

Study Design. A finite element (FE) model of the human neck was used to study the distribution of neck muscle loads during multidirectional impacts. The computed load distributions were compared to experimental electromyography (EMG) recordings. Objective. To quantify passive muscle loads in nonactive cervical muscles during impacts of varying direction and energy, using a three-dimensional (3D) continuum FE muscle model. Summary of Background Data. Experimental and numerical studies have confirmed the importance of muscles in the impact response of the neck. Although EMG has been used to measure the relative activity levels in neck muscles during impact tests, this technique has not been able to measure all neck muscles and cannot directly quantify the force distribution between the muscles. A numerical model can give additional insight into muscle loading during impact. Methods. An FE model with solid element musculature was used to simulate frontal, lateral, and rear-end vehicle impacts at 4 peak accelerations. The peak cross-sectional forces, internal energies, and effective strains were calculated for each muscle and impact configuration. The computed load distribution was compared with experimental EMG data. Results. The load distribution in the cervical muscles varied with load direction. Peak sectional forces, internal energies, and strains increased in most muscles with increasing impact acceleration. The dominant muscles identified by the model for each direction were splenius capitis, levator scapulae, and sternocleidomastoid in lateral impacts, splenius capitis, and trapezoid in frontal impacts, and sternocleidomastoid, rectus capitis posterior minor, and hyoids in rear-end impacts. This corresponded with the most active muscles identified by EMG recordings, although within these muscles the distribution of forces and EMG levels were not the same. Conclusion. The passive muscle forces, strains, and energies computed using a continuum FE model of the cervical musculature distinguished between impact directions and peak accelerations, and on the basis of prior studies, isolated the most important muscles for each direction.
High performance top-gated multilayer WSe2 field effect transistors

In this paper, high performance top-gated WSe2 field effect transistor (FET) devices are demonstrated via a two-step remote plasma assisted ALD process. High-quality, low-leakage aluminum oxide (Al2O3) gate dielectric layers are deposited onto the WSe2 channel using a remote plasma assisted ALD process with an ultrathin (∼1 nm) titanium buffer layer. The first few nanometers (∼2 nm) of the Al2O3 dielectric film is deposited at relatively low temperature (i.e. 50 °C) and remainder of the film is deposited at 150 °C to ensure the conformal coating of Al2O3 on the WSe2 surface. Additionally, an ultra-thin titanium buffer layer is introduced at the WSe2 channel surface prior to ALD process to mitigate oxygen plasma induced doping effects. Excellent device characteristics with current on–off ratio in excess of 106 and a field effect mobility as high as 70.1 cm2 V–1 s–1 are achieved in a few-layer WSe2 FET device with a 30 nm Al2O3 top-gate dielectric. With further investigation and careful optimization, this method can play an important role for the realization of high performance top gated FETs for future optoelectronic device applications.
Methods for the estimation of three vitamin dependent red cell enzymes.

The estimation of vitamin dependent red cell enzymes before and after in vitro vitamin supplement offers a new approach to the assessment of vitamin nutritional state. To facilitate the clinical application of the principle involved, enzyme assay and aspartate aminotransferase have been made suitable for routine use. Reference ranges have been obtained for enzyme activity and vitamin effect, and the coefficients of variation for the techniques under normal use have been calculated. The assays are useful for hospital patients suspected of poor vitamin B nutrition i.e. the elderly, and chronic alcoholics.
Invisible Work: Bilingualism, language choice and childrearing in intermarried families

There is growing recognition that ‘context’ is important for bilingual language development, but understanding of that context remains underdeveloped. This innovative study, spanning the fields of bilingualism, ethnicity and family studies, shows how language use in intermarried families is deeply intertwined with the experience of everyday childrearing, in specific socio-historical contexts. This is why, despite good intentions, expert advice and effort, bilingual-child rearing often encounters difficulties. Conversely, drawing on in-depth interviews of twenty eight Japanese mother — British father families in the UK, the study uses a focus on language issues to portray actual childrearing dynamics and ‘situated ethnicity’ in intermarried families. Presenting a vivid picture of the ‘invisible work’ of mothers in these families, and how they attempt to resolve conflicting pressures and demands over childrearing, language and education, the author shows the importance of ‘recognition’ and shared responsibility. This book will interest researchers, practitioners and parents interested in bilingualism, ethnically diverse families and multicultural education.
WiFi-ID: Human Identification Using WiFi Signal

Prior research has shown the potential of device-free WiFi sensing for human activity recognition. In this paper, we show for the first time WiFi signals can also be used to uniquely identify people. There is strong evidence that suggests that all humans have a unique gait. An individual's gait will thus create unique perturbations in the WiFi spectrum. We propose a system called WiFi-ID that analyses the channel state information to extract unique features that are representative of the walking style of that individual and thus allow us to uniquely identify that person. We implement WiFi-ID on commercial off-the-shelf devices. We conduct extensive experiments to demonstrate that our system can uniquely identify people with average accuracy of 93% to 77% from a group of 2 to 6 people, respectively. We envisage that this technology can find many applications in small office or smart home settings.
Expanding Knowledge-Flow Theory through Computational Analy- sis of Knowledge Specialization

In this article we investigate empirically the theoretical split between emphases upon specialist versus trans-specialist knowledge in the organization—or more generally between exploitation and exploration. This split divides knowledge-flow theory at present, and hence represents an important issue for Knowledge Management (KM). We review the relevant literature, articulate hypotheses, and employ computational experimentation to test them empirically. Our findings provide novel, insightful understanding of the factors that contribute toward understanding the relative balance between specialist versus trans-specialist knowledge in particular, and exploitation versus exploration more generally. We offer three main contributions: 1) we critique extant theory relating to the substitutability of specialist and interspecialist knowledge; 2) we offer new conceptual insight and empirical evidence concerning substitutability of these knowledge types in the organization; and 3) we demonstrate the empirical power of computational experimentation to examine KM questions of both theoretical and practical interest.
International Education and Schools: Moving Beyond the First 40 Years

Notes on Contributors Introduction, Richard Pearce (International School of London, UK) Part I: A Historical Overview 1. International Schools: Antecedents, Current Issues and Metaphors for the Future, Mary Hayden (University of Bath, UK) and Jeff Thompson (University of Bath, UK) 2. Charting the Growth of International Schools, Nicholas Brummitt (International School Consultancy Group, UK) and Anne Keeling (ISC Research, UK) 3. The Effects of Children's Education and Supporting Organizational Policy and Practice on Corporate Expatriation, Susan Shortland (London, Metropolitan University, UK) Part II: Emerging Themes 4. Student Diversity: The Core Challenge of International Schools, Richard Pearce (International School of London, UK) 5. English Language Teaching: The Change in Students' Language from 'English Only' to 'Linguistically Diverse', Maurice Carder (Language Matters in International Education, Austria) 6. The Pestalozzi Influence on International Education, David Wilkinson (education consultant, UK) and Veronica Wilkinson (education consultant, UK) 7. International Education and Global Engagement: Education for a better world? , Boyd Roberts (global education consultant, UK) 8. Understanding International Education Through Discourse Theory: Multinational, international, multicultural or intercultural? , Michael Allan (International School of Amsterdam, The Netherlands) Part III: The New Critique 9. The International Baccalaureate and the Role of the 'Pioneer' International Schools, Tristan Bunnell (Copenhagen International School, Denmark) 10. Dilemmas of International Education: A Bernsteinian Analysis, James Cambridge (Global Education Today, UK) 10. Boundaries and Boundary Management in International Schools: Psychodynamics and Organizational Politics, Richard Caffyn (International School Telemark, Norway) References Index
Performance Analysis of Hybrid Forecasting Model In Stock Market Forecasting

This paper presents performance analysis of hybrid model comprise of concordance and Genetic Programming (GP) to forecast financial market with some existing models. This scheme can be used for in depth analysis of stock market. Different measures of concordances such as Kendalls Tau, Ginis Mean Difference, Spearmans Rho, and weak interpretation of concordance are used to search for the pattern in past that look similar to present. Genetic Programming is then used to match the past trend to present trend as close as possible. Then Genetic Program estimates what will happen next based on what had happened next. The concept is validated using financial time series data (S&P 500 and NASDAQ indices) as sample data sets. The forecasted result is then compared with standard ARIMA model and other model to analyse its performance.
Improving student engagement in preschool classrooms with developmentally appropriate read aloud opportunities

v Chapter I: Introduction 1 Purpose statement 2 Statement of the Problem and Research Question 5 Story of the Question 5 Organization of the Research 7 Chapter II: Review of the Literature 8 Introduction 8 Defining Engagement 9 Benefits of Read Aloud in Preschool 10 Planning for Diverse Preschool Populations 11 Improving Engagement through Various forms of Read Aloud 13 Conclusion 18 Chapter III: Research Design/Methodology 20 Procedure of Study 21 Context of Study 24
Fit for Life: Older Women's Commitment to Exercise

The article explores the lived experiences of older women with a high commitment to exercise. The methods of investigation were in-depth interviews with 17 women fitness instructors for the over-50s and the author's observations as a participant in a variety of exercise programs. The subjective experience of embodiment of older women, the ways in which the body is constructed discursively, and the objective processes of aging are explored. The women's narratives are placed in the wider context of consumption, lifestyle, and identity construction. The study analyzes whether older women's commitment to exercise is a reflection of a climate of constraint, in which individuals seek to shape and manage the body lo combat the effects of aging, or is one of empowerment and enablement. More important, the article explores the ways in which the women used fitness programs as a means of constructing intimacy, a sense of community, and satisfaction in interpersonal relations.
Growth in children after bone marrow transplantation: busulfan plus cyclophosphamide versus cyclophosphamide plus total body irradiation.

Growth was assessed during the first and second years following bone marrow transplantation (BMT) in 47 children treated by either busulfan plus cyclophosphamide (BU/CY) (n = 24) or cyclophosphamide plus fractionated total body irradiation (CY/TBI) (n = 23). Before transplant, the median height was only 0.2 SD below age- and sex-adjusted means (range, -2.5 to +3.0). Height was greater than 2.0 SD below normal in only three patients (6%). The pretransplant heights were comparable in the BU/CY and CY/TBI groups (-0.1 v -0.6 SD, P = .35). Following transplant, median 1- and 2-year heights were 0.7 and 0.9 SD below normal, respectively. Growth rates were 2.2 SD and 1.4 SD below normal during the first and second years, respectively. Growth rates were greater than 2.0 SD below normal in 24 of 47 (51%) at 1 year and in 12 of 31 (39%) at 2 years after transplant. Growth rates in patients treated with BU/CY were comparable to those treated with CY/TBI during both years: -2.5 versus -1.7 SD during the first year (P = .19, Wilcoxon), and -1.5 versus -1.1 SD during the second year (P = .61). Growth rates during the second year correlated with growth rates during the first year (r = .36, P = .046). Growth rates during the first year were lower in patients who had been given prior cranial irradiation, those who were near pubertal age at the time of transplant, and those who were transplanted for a disease other than acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). During the second year, poor rates of growth were associated only with the use of corticosteroids after transplant.