Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CXCL14 and NOS1 expression in specimens from patients with stage I–IIIA nonsmall cell lung cancer after curative resection

Abstract Many studies show that CXC chemokine ligand 14 (CXCL14) is highly expressed in tumor-associated stromal cells, promoting tumor cell growth, and invasion. Because of its unclear receptors, CXCL14-initiated intracellular signal cascades remain largely unknown. However, CXCL14 can regulate nitric oxide synthase 1 (NOS1) as its intracellular molecular target. In this paper, we investigated the expression of CXCL14 and NOS1 in specimens from patients with stage I–IIIA nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after curative resection, and evaluated the prognostic significance of this gene expression in stromal fibroblasts and cancer cells. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of CXCL14 and NOS1 in 106 formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens from patients with stage I-IIIA NSCLC. The chi-square test was performed to examine the correlation of CXCL14 and NOS1 expression level with clinicopathological features. The effects of the expression of CXCL14 or NOS1 on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were determined by Kaplan–Meier and Cox hazard proportional model. The percentages of high CXCL14 expression in stromal fibroblasts and that in cancer cells were 46.2% (49/106) and 23.6% (25/106), respectively. The positive expression rates of NOS1 in cancer cells were 42.5% (45/106). The result indicated that there was a significant positive correlation between CXCL14 expression level in stromal fibroblasts and that in cancer cells (&khgr;2 = 4.158, P = .041). In addition, the expression of CXCL14 in stromal fibroblasts was significantly correlated with NOS1 expression in cancer cells (&khgr;2 = 16.156, P < .001). The 5-year PFS rates with low and high CXCL14 expression in stromal fibroblasts were 66.7% and 14.3% (&khgr;2 = 44.008, P < .001), respectively, and the 5-year OS rates with those were 87.1% and 43.5% (&khgr;2 = 21.531, P < .001), respectively. The 5-year PFS rates with negative and positive expression of NOS1 in cancer cells were 62.3% and 15.6% (&khgr;2 = 33.756, P < .001), respectively, and the 5-year OS rates with those were 86.4% and 40.1% (&khgr;2 = 24.430, P < 0.01), respectively. Both the high expression of CXCL14 in stromal fibroblasts and the positive expression of NOS1 in cancer cells are independent negative predictors of PFS and OS in patients with stage I–IIIA NSCLC after curative resection.
Graft outcomes following diagnosis of post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disease in pediatric kidney recipients: a retrospective study

Data related to graft outcomes following post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) in pediatric kidney transplantation are scarce. Data were analyzed retrospectively from 12 children (eight boys) for 3 years after diagnosis of PTLD, with a loss of follow‐up after 2 years in two of 12. In all cases, intensity of immunosuppressive therapy was reduced, which switched from calcineurin inhibitor to a mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor in ten cases. Nine children were treated with six doses of rituximab according to the PED‐PTLD‐2005 protocol, with additional treatment in one child as per protocol. One patient received EuroNet‐PHL C1. In four patients, donor‐specific antibodies were detected after PTLD diagnosis at 3, 4, 5 and 7 years, respectively. One patient developed chronic antibody‐mediated rejection (cAMR) 12 years after diagnosis, losing the graft 1 year later. Three patients with recurrence of the original disease also lost their grafts, one at the time of diagnosis of PTLD, and two after 4 years. Range‐based analysis of variance showed that there was no decrease in estimated GFR at 1, 2, or 3 years after diagnosis of PTLD (P = 0.978). In conclusion, treatment of PTLD with reduced immunosuppression is safe and efficient. This may be due to B‐cell‐depleting therapy of PTLD with rituximab.
Ionization potential depression in an atomic-solid-plasma picture

Exotic solid density matter such as heated hollow crystals allow extended material studies while their physical properties and models such as the famous ionization potential depression are presently under renewed controversial discussion. Here we develop an atomic-solid-plasma (ASP) model that permits ionization potential depression studies also for single and multiple core hole states. Numerical calculations show very good agreement with recently available data not only in absolute values but also for Z-scaled properties while currently employed methods fail. For much above solid density compression, the ASP model predicts increased K-edge energies that are related to a Fermi surface rising. This is in good agreement with recent quantum molecular dynamics simulations. For hot dense matter a quantum number dependent optical electron finite temperature ion sphere model is developed that fits well with line shift and line disappearance data from dense laser produced plasma experiments. Finally, the physical transparency of the ASP picture allows a critical discussion of current methods.
H3F3A mutation in giant cell tumour of the bone is detected by immunohistochemistry using a monoclonal antibody against the G34W mutated site of the histone H3.3 variant

Giant cell tumour of the bone (GCTB) is a neoplasm predominantly of long bones characterized by the H3F3A mutation G34W. Conventional diagnosis is challenged by the tumour's giant cell‐rich morphology, which overlaps with other giant cell‐containing lesions of the bone. Recently, a monoclonal antibody specific for the H3F3A mutation has been generated. Our aim was to test this antibody on a cohort of giant cell‐containing lesions.
The nested graft acts by inducing the process of de‐senescence of the fibroblasts in chronic venous ulcers

Senescent fibroblasts, which are present in chronic ulcers, are the reason for the wound becoming chronic. In this study, we introduce full‐thickness micro skin grafts in the ulcer, a surgical technique known as a ‘nested graft’, which gave encouraging results leading to complete wound healing in all patients. The assessment of fibroblast cultures taken from the wound before and after treatment and comparison with fibroblasts from healthy skin showed that the fibroblasts taken from the ulcer after the nested graft treatment acquire morpho‐functional characteristics overlapping those of fibroblasts from healthy skin. This surgical approach is, therefore, able to lead to the healing of chronic ulcers through the de‐senescence of the fibroblasts.
Intensive training accelerates the recovery of motor functions following cerebral ischemia-reperfusion in MCAO rats.

OBJECTIVE Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion is the major pathophysiological process in stroke and can cause severe and lasting sequel. However, an intensive exercise training can potentially effect a quick and efficient recovery. We used swimming training on rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR) and explore the underlying neuroprotective mechanism(s), including the effects of intensive training on the expression of semaphorin 3A (Sema3A) and its receptor Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1). MATERIALS AND METHODS The middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) model was established by inserting a thread into the middle cerebral artery of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, and randomly dividing into the control group and training groups for different training intensities. The control group and the sham group received no training. All the rats in various groups were further randomly divided into three sub-groups for different postoperative time points (3, 7, and 14 days after operation). The apoptosis and the expression of Sema3A and NRP-1 were analyzed using immunohistochemistry (IHC), RT-PCR, and Western blotting methods respectively. RESULTS The intensive training resulted in significant neurological function improvements at all the time points after MCAO, compared to that in the control group (p<0.05), with training group 3 (highest training intensity) showing the most remarkable recovery. The Sema3A and NP-1 expressions were significantly lower than those of the control group at all the time points (p<0.05), with training group 3 having the lowest levels (best recovery). CONCLUSIONS Intensive training can reduce cerebral damage after ischemia and reperfusion in rats, inhibit the MCAO-induced Sema3A and NRP-1 expression, and accelerate the restoring process of motor nerve functions.
Translational profiling of B cells infected with the Epstein-Barr virus reveals 5′ leader ribosome recruitment through upstream open reading frames

Abstract The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome encodes several hundred transcripts. We have used ribosome profiling to characterize viral translation in infected cells and map new translation initiation sites. We show here that EBV transcripts are translated with highly variable efficiency, owing to variable transcription and translation rates, variable ribosome recruitment to the leader region and coverage by monosomes versus polysomes. Some transcripts were hardly translated, others mainly carried monosomes, showed ribosome accumulation in leader regions and most likely represent non-coding RNAs. A similar process was visible for a subset of lytic genes including the key transactivators BZLF1 and BRLF1 in cells infected with weakly replicating EBV strains. This suggests that ribosome trapping, particularly in the leader region, represents a new checkpoint for the repression of lytic replication. We could identify 25 upstream open reading frames (uORFs) located upstream of coding transcripts that displayed 5′ leader ribosome trapping, six of which were located in the leader region shared by many latent transcripts. These uORFs repressed viral translation and are likely to play an important role in the regulation of EBV translation.
Dynamics of vegetative growth of Hevea brasiliensis in determining tapping norms.

A study to determine norms for the tapping of Hevea brasiliensis was carried out in Cote d'Ivoire. This was aimed at defining age and minimum girth for the panel opening of Hevea which takes into account the notion of physiological maturity. The modelled vegetative growth curve is a sigmoid with a change in the gradient at the third phase which is a plausible solution to the problems of this study. Analysis of growth dynamics shows that this point hardly varies, irrespective of the growth class of the clone, and takes place at the sixth year after planting. In addition, several observations on the growth of Hevea under different conditions support the proposal of a minimum tapping girth linked with the growth class, thus combining the notion of age and size. (Resume d'auteur)
Inpatient utilization and disparities: The last year of life of adolescent and young adult oncology patients in California

Studies of adolescent and young adult (AYA) oncology end‐of‐life care utilization are critical because cancer is the leading cause of nonaccidental AYA death and end‐of‐life care contributes significantly to health care expenditures. This study was designed to determine the quantity of and disparities in inpatient utilization in the last year of life of AYAs with cancer.
Communication of Energy Harvesting Tags

We solve the problem of designing an affordable optimal transmission strategy for the recently proposed system of energy-harvesting active networked tags (EnHANTs), that is adapted to the identification request and the energy harvesting dynamic. We assume that the system operates in a time-slotted fashion, so that the problem is formulated as a Markov decision process (MDP). Both a static exhaustive search method and a modified policy iteration algorithm are employed to obtain the optimal transmission policy. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate that the obtained transmission policy can considerably improve the overall system performance which takes into consideration of both the system activity-time and the communication reliability.
Vitamin D supplementation in adolescents with irritable bowel syndrome: Is it useful? A randomized controlled trial

Background/Aim: Vitamin D deficiency is common in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). There is growing interest in the role of vitamin D in pediatric IBS. We aimed to evaluate the effect of vitamin D supplementation in adolescents with IBS and vitamin D deficiency. Patients and Methods: One hundred and twelve adolescents with IBS and vitamin D deficiency were randomly divided into two groups of matched age and sex. The first group received oral vitamin D3 2000IU/day for 6 months and the second group received placebo for 6 months. Vitamin D status as well as different IBS score systems (IBS-SSS, IBS-QoL, and total score) were evaluated before and 6 months after treatment. Results: IBS patients who received vitamin D supplementation for 6 months showed significant improvement in IBS-SSS (P < 0.001), IBS-QoL (P < 0.001), and total score (P = 0.02) compared to IBS placebo group. IBS patients treated with vitamin D showed two folds increase in their serum vitamin D levels (from 17.2 ± 1.3 to 39 ± 3.3) ng/ml with P < 0.001. While in the placebo group, their serum vitamin D levels were not significantly changed (P = 0.66). Vitamin D was tolerated well without any recorded adverse effects during the study period. Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation can be effective in treating adolescents with IBS and vitamin D deficiency.
Non-malleable extractors and non-malleable codes: partially optimal constructions

The recent line of study on randomness extractors has been a great success, resulting in exciting new techniques, new connections, and breakthroughs to long standing open problems in several seemingly different topics. These include seeded non-malleable extractors, privacy amplification protocols with an active adversary, independent source extractors (and explicit Ramsey graphs), and non-malleable codes in the split state model. Previously, the best constructions are given in [54]: seeded non-malleable extractors with seed length and entropy requirement O(log n + log(1/∈) log log(1/∈)) for error ∈; two-round privacy amplification protocols with optimal entropy loss for security parameter up to Ω(k/ log k), where k is the entropy of the shared weak source; two-source extractors for entropy O(log n log log n); and non-malleable codes in the 2-split state model with rate Ω(1/ log n). However, in all cases there is still a gap to optimum and the motivation to close this gap remains strong. In this paper, we introduce a set of new techniques to further push the frontier in the above questions. Our techniques lead to improvements in all of the above questions, and in several cases partially optimal constructions. This is in contrast to all previous work, which only obtain close to optimal constructions. Specifically, we obtain: 1. A seeded non-malleable extractor with seed length O(log n) + log1+o(1) (1/∈) and entropy requirement O(log log n + log(1/∈)), where the entropy requirement is asymptotically optimal by a recent result of Gur and Shinkar [40]; 2. A two-round privacy amplification protocol with optimal entropy loss for security parameter up to Ω(k), which solves the privacy amplification problem completely;1 3. A two-source extractor for entropy [EQUATION], which also gives an explicit Ramsey graph on N vertices with no clique or independent set of size (log N) [EQUATION]; and 4. The first explicit non-malleable code in the 2-split state model with constant rate, which has been a major goal in the study of non-malleable codes for quite some time. One small caveat is that the error of this code is only (an arbitrarily small) constant, but we can also achieve negligible error with rate Ω(log log log n/ log log n), which already improves the rate in [54] exponentially. We believe our new techniques can help to eventually obtain completely optimal constructions in the above questions, and may have applications in other settings.
Selective and regulated trapping of nicotinic receptor weak base ligands and relevance to smoking cessation

To better understand smoking cessation, we examined the actions of varenicline (Chantix) during long-term nicotine exposure. Varenicline reduced nicotine upregulation of α4β2-type nicotinic receptors (α4β2Rs) in live cells and neurons, but not for membrane preparations. Effects on upregulation depended on intracellular pH homeostasis and were not observed if acidic pH in intracellular compartments was neutralized. Varenicline was trapped as a weak base in acidic compartments and slowly released, blocking 125I-epibatidine binding and desensitizing α4β2Rs. Epibatidine itself was trapped; 125I-epibatidine slow release from acidic vesicles was directly measured and required the presence of α4β2Rs. Nicotine exposure increased epibatidine trapping by increasing the numbers of acidic vesicles containing α4β2Rs. We conclude that varenicline as a smoking cessation agent differs from nicotine through trapping in α4β2R-containing acidic vesicles that is selective and nicotine-regulated. Our results provide a new paradigm for how smoking cessation occurs and suggest how more effective smoking cessation reagents can be designed. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.25651. 001
Effect of Priming With Seasonal Influenza A(H3N2) Virus on the Prevalence of Cross-Reactive Hemagglutination-Inhibition Antibodies to Swine-Origin A(H3N2) Variants

Background Recent outbreaks of swine-origin influenza A(H3N2) variant (H3N2v) viruses have raised public health concerns. Previous studies indicated that older children and young adults had the highest levels of hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) antibodies to 2010-2011 H3N2v viruses. However, newly emerging 2013 H3N2v have acquired antigenic mutations in the hemagglutinin at amino acid position 145 (N145K/R). We estimated the levels of serologic cross-reactivity among humans primed with seasonal influenza A(H3N2) (sH3N2), using postinfection ferret antisera. We also explored age-related HI antibody responses to 2012-2013 H3N2v viruses. Methods Human and ferret antisera were tested in HI assays against 1 representative 2012 H3N2v (145N) and 2 2013 H3N2v (145K/R) viruses, together with 9 sH3N2 viruses circulating since 1968. Results Low levels of cross-reactivity between the H3N2v and sH3N2 viruses from the 1970s-1990s were observed using postinfection ferret antisera. The overall seroprevalence among the sH3N2-primed population against 2012-2013 H3N2v viruses was >50%, and age-related seroprevalence was observed. Seroprevalence was significantly higher to 2013 H3N2v than to 2012 H3N2v viruses among some children likely to have been primed with A/Sydney/5/97-like (145K) or A/Wuhan/359/95-like viruses (145K). Conclusions A single substitution (N145K/R) was sufficient to affect seropositivity to H3N2v viruses in some individuals. Insight into age-related antibody responses to newly emerging H3N2v viruses is critical for risk assessment and pandemic preparedness.
Synchronous Langat Virus Infection of Haemaphysalis longicornis Using Anal Pore Microinjection

The tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) serocomplex of flaviviruses consists of arboviruses that cause important diseases in animals and humans. The transmission of this group of viruses is commonly associated with tick species such as Ixodes spp. , Dermacentor spp. , and Hyalomma spp. In the case of Haemaphysalis longicornis, the detection and isolation of flaviviruses have been previously reported. However, studies showing survival dynamics of any tick-borne flavivirus in H. longicornis are still lacking. In this study, an anal pore microinjection method was used to infect adult H. longicornis with Langat virus (LGTV), a naturally attenuated member of the TBEV serocomplex. LGTV detection in ticks was done by real-time PCR, virus isolation, and indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. The maximum viral titer was recorded at 28 days post-inoculation, and midgut cells were shown to be the primary replication site. The tick can also harbor the virus for at least 120 days and can successfully transmit LGTV to susceptible mice as confirmed by detection of LGTV antibodies. However, no transovarial transmission was observed from the egg and larval samples. Taken together, our results highly suggest that anal pore microinjection can be an effective method in infecting adult H. longicornis, which can greatly assist in our efforts to study tick and virus interactions.
DENTUREPLAQUEAND ADHERENCEOF CANDIDAALBICANSTO DENTURE-BASE MATERIALS INVIVOAND INVITRO

Theaimofthis paper istoreview ourunderstanding ofthemechanisms andclinical significance ofadhesion of C albkicans todenture-base materials inrelation todenture plaque anddenture-related stomatitis. Earlier reports inthelitera- ture ofa65%prevalence level ofdenture-related stomatitis seemtobeexaggerated. Morerecent studies indicate that den- ture-related stomatitis isconsiderably less common, particularly innormal healthy subjects. Theetiology ofthecondition is discussed inthis review, andalthough muchoftheliterature supports theviewthat thecondition isstrongly associated with C albicans, this isnotalways so.Insomesubjects, thecause appears toberelated toanon-specific plaque. This review also considers therole ofdenture plaque inthepathogenesis ofdenture-related stomatitis, thesequential development ofdenture plaque, andits colonization byCandida organisms. Designing controlled invivo studies isdifficult, andasaconsequence, many investigators havehadtoresort toinvitro studies. Themajority ofthese studies haveattempted toinvestigate thehydropho- bicity ofC.albicans, relating thesurface free-energy ofdenture-base materials, particularly acrylic resin, tothat oftheorganism. Surprisingly little workhasbeendirected atsurface roughness andhowitaffects retention oforganisms. Further, noattention hasbeenpaidtotheproperties andcharacter ofthesurface, other thanaverage surface roughness, asitaffects adhesion. A comparison ofresults frominvitro studies ontheeffect onadhesion ofpre-coating thesurfaces ofdenture-base materials with saliva hasproduced equivocal conclusions. This islargely duetolittle standardization ofexperimental protocols between stud- ies, particularly inthecollection andhandling ofthesaliva used. Inconclusion, thereview strongly supports thesuggestion that adherence ofC.albicans todenture-base materials invitro isrelated tothehydrophobicity oftheorganism. Theclinical sig- nificance oftheobservation andthemechanisms forthedevelopment andmaturation ofdenture plaque areyettobeunder- stood. There isaclear needforfurther investigation ofother factors that maymoderate theadhesion oforganisms andsub- sequent colonization ofdenture-base materials.