Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical Presentation and Surgical Outcome in Patients With Solitary Rectal Ulcer Syndrome

Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome is a poorly understood clinical condition, and the schema of treatment has not yet been defined. This study reviewed the clinical spectra and outcome of various surgical treatments in patients with solitary rectal ulcer syndrome. The medical records of all patients with solitary rectal ulcer syndrome between 1992 and 1998 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients in the study population with symptoms and histopathologic findings suggestive of solitary rectal ulcer syndrome were placed in the primary solitary rectal ulcer syndrome group, and patients who underwent surgery for other diseases in whom histopathology confirmed concomitant solitary rectal ulcer syndrome were in the incidental group. Clinical features and outcomes of surgical treatment were documented. Improvement was considered as resolution of presenting symptoms, and nonimprovement was considered if presenting symptoms persisted or worsened. The study cohort comprised 49 patients: 20 in the primary group and 29 in the incidental group. Ulcerative morphology was seen predominantly in the primary group (70%); erythematous (45%) and polypoid lesions (34%) were predominant in the incidental group (P= .0025). Clinical improvement after surgery was seen in 74% of patients with primary and 79% with incidental solitary rectal ulcer syndrome (P= NS). Manifestations such as tenesmus and digitation correlated with poorer outcome after surgery in both groups. Solitary rectal ulcer syndrome is a clinical condition associated with functional anorectal evacuatory disorders. The results of this study show the positive role of surgical treatment for underlying functional disorders in the improvement of incidental solitary rectal ulcer syndrome.
Exploring the Effects of China's Two-tier Board System and Ownership Structure on Firm Performance and Earnings Informativeness

This study empirically explores whether, and how, selected attributes of China's two-tier board system affect Chinese firms' performance and earnings informativeness. Using a database of 4,623 firm-year observations over the 1999 to 2003 period, we find some effects that mirror ones reported in non-Chinese settings, such as positive correlations between firm performance and the proportion of independent board of directors members (BoD) and the frequency of supervisory committee (SC) meetings;; as well as positive correlations between earnings informativeness and the proportions of independent BoD and SC members. These exploratory findings provide impetus for further research in the Chinese setting.
The association between histological chorioamnionitis, funisitis and neonatal outcome in women with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes

Abstract Objective: To determine the impact of histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) and funisitis on neonatal outcome in preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PPROM) pregnancies. Methods: Women with PPROM between 24 + 0 to 36 + 6 weeks of gestation, admitted to the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the University Hospital Hradec Kralove in the Czech Republic, between July 2008 and October 2010, were enrolled in the study (n = 231). Results: The incidence of early-onset sepsis (EOS) differed significantly in neonates born to women with and without HCA, after adjustment for gestational age (11% versus 1%, p = 0.011). The incidence of EOS in neonates was also significantly different, after adjustment for gestational age, in cases with and without funisitis (18% versus 4%, p = 0.002). The same was also found for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) cases with and without funisitis (23% versus 4%, p = 0.014), after adjustment for gestational age. Conclusions: HCA and funisitis increase the risk of adverse perinatal outcome in PPROM pregnancies.
Impact of income-detection technology and other factors on aggregate income tax evasion:the case of the United States

This study empirically investigates the impact of improving income-detectiontechnology, as well as a variety of other factors, on aggregate income taxevasion. The study focuses on the U.S., using available data for the 1975-97 period. The empirical findings indicate that improving income-detection technology appears to have significantly reduced the degree of aggregate income-tax evasion in theU.S. over time. In addition, the estimates indicate that federal income tax evasionappears to be an increasing function not only of the federal personal income tax rate but also of the public's dissatisfaction with government. Furthermore, income taxevasion appears to be a decreasing function both of penalties imposed by the IRS on unpaid taxes and IRS audit rates.
Why don't they join? Analyzing the Nature and Consequences of Complementors' Costs in Platform Ecosystems

Platforms enable third-parties to develop new software artefacts like applications and become the locus of digital innovation. Prior studies have mainly focused on the benefits that initially motivate external complementors to join an ecosystem. However, little is known about the costs that are associated with this choice and how such costs actually influence the decision to interrelate with a platform owner. We develop the overarching idea that the complementor´s costs are mainly influenced by the interplay of the micro-architecture of single extensions and control modes applied to govern the ecosystem. The purpose of our research is therefore to shed light on the nature of complementors’ costs on the micro-level of transactions between the platform owner and the complementor and their effects on the intention to join an ecosystem. Using data from a quantitative survey among complementors of five leading platforms in the Enterprise Application Software industry hypothesized relationships are tested.
Competitive Priorities, Plant Improvement and Innovation Capabilities, and Operational Performance: A Test of Two Forms of Fit

Purpose – Examining the strategic contingency of plant improvement capability and innovation capability. Two forms of fit between the two capabilities and competitive priorities were empirically tested. Design/Methodology/Approach – Data collected from a sample of 238 manufacturing plants were used to test the hypotheses using regression. Findings – The results provide partial support for fit as mediation. However, there was no evidence supporting fit as moderation. We found that improvement capability and innovation capability are associated with different competitive priorities and also have varying impact on different operational performance dimensions. Research limitations/implications – There are two limitations to this research: only three operations management (OM) practices are included in each capability examined; somewhat limited measures of competitive priorities and operational performance.Originality/value – This study examines multiple forms of fit between competitive priorities and operations capabilities. The findings can inform managers to selectively implement OM practices for developing the needed operations capabilities given the chosen competitive priorities.
Ideias de ativismo regional: a transformação das leituras brasileiras da região

This piece studies change in Brazil's readings of its regional environment since the 1990s. It begins by characterizing Brazil's latest pattern of regional activism, with an emphasis to the obstacles and ambiguities that inhere. It then presents the range of new strategic concepts that have informed Brazilian behavior in South America. The conclusion highlights the silences that recur.
Divisia money in a composite leading indicator of inflation

The principal objective of this paper is to compare the performance of the Divisia M4 monetary index with the standard Simple Sum measure of broad money in the context of composite leading indicators of inflation in the United Kingdom. Inflation targeting is an important component of current UK monetary policy and the construction of composite leading indicators of inflation is a potential advance over the current practice of monitoring a range of indicators of inflation. The leading indicators proposed provide useful turning point information for inflation and advocate principal component analysis as a more sophisticated weighting mechanism for the constituent components. Indicators constructed using a Divisia index measure of money were found to be more closely related to the inflation reference cycle than indicators using their Simple Sum counterparts when a principal components weighting mechanism was used.
Intra‐household transfers and old‐age security in America, 1890–1950

This paper explores the economic status of the elderly in late nineteenth and early twentieth century America. It has been widely believed that reduced earnings of ageing workers in these periods were fully supplemented by increased earnings of children. The patterns of individual consumption expenditures, however, indicate that children's supports were no longer an important means of old‐age security after the end of the nineteenth century. Older males who were out of the labour force were much poorer than active workers of a similar age. The retired were not as much protected by family support as active workers. This result indicates that the previous studies based mainly on active workers overstate the extent of economic progress of the entire elderly population in the industrial era. This study tends to support the conventional belief that the rise of the welfare state was a response to the emerging social problems in the era of industrialization such as unemployment, poverty, and dependence of the elderly.
[Prognostic significance of neuroendocrine differentiation in non-small cell lung cancer patients' survival].

BACKGROUND To observe the relationship between non-small cell lung cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation (NSCLC-NE) and patients' postoperative survival. METHODS During April 1997 to April 1999, ninety-eight patients with lung cancer who were surgical treated were enrolled in this study. The tumor specimens were stained by NE markers: neuron specific enolase (NSE) and synaptophysin (SY). The NE marker reactions were divided as +, ++ and +++ scale groups. The same specimens were also examined by electron microscope for the specific neuroendocrine granule. All enrolled patients were followed up to 36 months, and the maximum follow-up time was 60 months. The Cox proportional hazard model multivariate analysis was applied to observe the relationship between the NSCLC-NE and the patients' postoperative survival. RESULTS Ninety-one cases were diagnosed as NSCLC. In these patients, 63.7% (58/91) were positive for NE stain. Among them, 59.3% (54/91) were NSE-positive, and 24.1%(22/91) were SY-positive. The specific NE granules were found by the electron microscope examination in 33.0%(30/91). Combination of NE marker stain reaction and electronic microscope examination results, 48.4% (44/91) were considered as NSCLC-NE. The Cox proportional hazard model multivariate analysis showed that the NSCLC-NE patients' survival was significantly reduced (P=0.048). The following factors were related to NSCLC-NE patients' survival: lung cancer cell differentiation (P=0.006), stages of the cancer (P=0.001), and the NE markers reaction (P=0.054). CONCLUSIONS NSCLC-NE is significantly related to the cancer cell differentiation and the patients' postoperative survival. The NE markers should be applied clinically as one of prognostic factors to evaluate the postoperative survival for NSCLC patients.
Foodservice employee substance abuse: is anyone getting the message?

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate foodservice industry employees’ experiences and perceptions related to substance abuse prevention measures in the workplace. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative approach was used for this foundational study, and data collection occurred by conducting in-depth interviews with 30 foodservice employees. Findings – Participants reported that, in their perceptions, substance abuse prevention measures were virtually non-existent at their places of employment. The few participants that were aware of such policies indicated that they had never seen the policy actually enforced. Practical implications – The results of this exploratory study suggest that foodservice employees may not be receiving adequate messages about workplace substance abuse prevention policies nor are they developing an adequate awareness of such policies. Further, where such policies are in place, they may not being adequately enforced, implying negligent business practices. Failur.
Motivations and Self-Presentation Strategies on Korean-Based "Cyworld" Weblog Format Personal Homepages

The main purposes of this study are to find out individuals' motives and interpersonal self-presentation strategies on constructing Korean weblog format personal homepage (e.g., "Cyworld mini-homepage"). The study also attempts to find predictor motives that lead to the activities of posting and maintaining a homepage and compare the self-presentation strategies used on the Web with those commonly used in interpersonal situations. By using a principal component factor analysis, four salient self-presentation strategy factors and five interpretable mini-homepage hosting motive factors were identified. Accompanying multiple regression analysis shows that entertainment and personal income factors are major predictors in explaining homepage maintenance expenditures and frequencies of updating.
The impact of FDI on regional technological capabilities: evidence from China

Purpose – Whether foreign direct investment (FDI) can promote technology progress in the host country, or not, has become an issue in recent decades. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the impact of FDI on regional technological capabilities.Design/methodology/approach – This paper first analyzes the spillover effects of FDI with reference to actual conditions in foreign‐funded enterprises in China, then uses correlation analysis and regression analysis to show the impact of FDI on technological capabilities. This paper compares the RD FDI has little use for enhancing indigenous innovation capability. The regions with higher technological capabilities will attract the higher quality of inward FDI, and the powerful technological capabi.
Endometrial Cancer Insulin-Like Growth Factor 1 Receptor (IGF1R) Expression Increases with Body Mass Index and Is Associated with Pathologic Extent and Prognosis

Background: Obesity is a main risk factor for endometrial carcinoma (EC). Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) expression may influence this association. Methods: IGF1R IHC was performed on a tissue microarray with 894 EC and scored according to the percentage and intensity of staining to create immunoreactivity scores, which were dichotomized into low and high IGF1R expression groups. Logistic regression modeling assessed associations with body mass index (BMI), age, histology, pathologic extent of disease (pT), and lymph node metastasis (pN). Overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) were compared between IGF1R expression groups using Kaplan–Meier curves and log-rank tests. Results: The proportion of patients with high IGF1R expression increased as BMI (<30, 30–39, and 40+ kg/m2) increased (P = 0.002). The adjusted odds of having high IGF1R expression was 1.49 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.05–2.10, P = 0.024] for patients with BMI 30 to 39 kg/m2 compared with <30 kg/m2 and 1.62 (95% CI, 1.13–2.33, P = 0.009) for patients with BMI 40+ kg/m2 compared with <30 kg/m2. High IGF1R expression was associated with pT and pN univariately and with pT after adjusting for BMI, pN, age, and histologic subtype. DFS and OS were better with high IGF1R expression, P = 0.020 and P = 0.002, respectively, but DFS was not significant after adjusting for pT, pN, and histologic subtype of the tumor. Conclusions: There is an association between BMI and EC IGF1R expression. Higher IGF1R expression is associated with lower pT and better DFS and OS. Impact: These findings suggest a link between IGF1R EC expression and obesity, as well as IGF1R expression and survival. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(3); 438–45. ©2015 AACR.
A Multifactor Model of the Quality Option in Treasury Futures Contracts

The values of quality options in Treasury futures contracts are set relative to the prices of all coupon bonds in their respective deliverable sets. As a result, any model used to value the quality option should set its price relative to the set of observed bond prices. This requirement rules out the use of most simple equilibrium models that represent all bond prices in terms of a finite number of state variables. We use the two-factor Heath-Jarrow-Morton model, which permits claims to be priced relative to observable bond prices, to investigate the potential value of the quality option in Treasury bond and note futures. We show that the quality option has significantly more value in a two-factor interest rate economy than in a single-factor economy, and that ignoring it could lead to significant mispricing.
Combining Service and Learning in Higher Education

Abstract : The Policy Debate In the past decade, colleges and universities have made greater efforts to involve students in community service, particularly service-learning, a special form of community service designed to promote student learning and development. Proponents of service-learning believe that it stimulates academic performance, increases students' understanding of the responsibilities of living in a democratic society, and encourages students to become involved in the social problems facing their communities. Hundreds of college and university presidents, most of the major higher education associations, and a number of highly influential scholars actively support the development of service-learning programs on college campuses. At the same time, service-learning has its critics, particularly among faculty, many of whom are skeptical of its benefits. Critics contend that service waters down the curriculum, further weakening the quality of higher education, and that the time students spend volunteering in community agencies as part of a course might be better spent in the library or laboratory.
Teacher Mobility and Allocation.

Abstract : The paper presents results from an examination of teacher flows within a large city school system. The focus is primarily on the mobility of teachers among schools within the system, the movement of teachers into and out of the system, and the effect of these flows on the allocation of teachers among different types of schools. The data cover the movement of teachers in San Diego between the 1970-71 and 1971-72 school years. However, the theoretical framework used and many of the empirical results should be directly relevant to school personnel systems in large cities throughout the United States.
Key predictors of creative MBA students' performance

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to establish the key predictors of Master of Business Administration (MBA) students' performance, considering the interaction between personality type, learning approaches and educational achievement. A structural equation model is formulated to check out the relationship perfection between the construct variables.Design/methodology/approach – The study subjects were 208 MBA students at Zhejiang University. A questionnaire encompassing three sections was presented to the respondents. The first section is the revised two‐factor version of the study process questionnaire (R‐SPQ‐2F) developed by Biggs et al. The second section consists of 20 items developed based on a review of the International Personality Item Pool (IPIP) Five‐Factor Personality Inventory (Buchanan, 2001). The third section is about the respondents' background and personal information such as age, gender and their performance represented by their scores in the National Admission Examination System and.
The Role of Fiscal Policy

The article evaluates the fiscal policy initiatives during the Great Recession in the United States. It argues that, although the nonconventional fiscal policies targeted to the financial sector dwarfed conventional countercyclical stabilization efforts directed to the real sector, the relatively disappointing impact on employment was due not only to misdirected funding priorities but to an exclusive and ill-advised focus on the output gap rather than on the employment gap. The paper argues further that conventional pump priming policies are incapable of closing this employment gap. To tackle the formidable labor market challenges observed in the United States over the past few decades, policy can benefit from a fundamental reorientation away from trickle-down Keynesianism and toward what is termed here "a bottom-up approach" to fiscal policy. This approach also reconsiders the nature of countercyclical government stabilizers.
Quantifying the Impact of ICT Capital on Output Growth: A Heterogeneous Dynamic Panel Approach

Using industry data for the United States and the United Kingdom, we provide new evidence on the impact of information and communications technology (ICT) capital on real output growth. The traditional industry panel data analysis fails to find a positive contribution. We argue that this is due to heterogeneity across industries, particularly in the time dimension. Pooling the data for the two countries and using a dynamic panel data estimation method yield a positive and significant effect of ICT on output growth. Individual country estimates suggest a strong impact in the United States, while results are less conclusive in the United Kingdom.
CT percutaneous biopsy guns: comparison of end-cut and side-notch devices in cadaveric specimens.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacies of four different types of end-cut biopsy guns with the side-notch Tru-cut biopsy gun. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 25 liver, 15 kidney, 10 pancreas, and 15 breast biopsies were performed in the tissue from five autopsies with each of 12 different biopsy devices/biopsy depths. The tissue obtained was evaluated by an experienced cytopathologist who, not knowing which gun was used to obtain each specimen, used a predetermined grading scheme. RESULTS When tissue was obtained, the end-cut biopsy guns performed equivalently to the side-notch biopsy gun in all four tissues. However, the end-cut guns had a significant number of "zero" biopsies (biopsy attempts during which no tissue was obtained). The proportion of zero biopsies with the end-cut guns ranged from up to 28% in the liver to 60% and 73% in the breast and kidney, respectively. CONCLUSION The end-cut biopsy guns are easy to use and potentially can obtain high-quality specimens. However, the rate of zero biopsies during which no tissue is obtained is a serious deficiency. As a result, the use of the end-cut biopsy gun should be encouraged only for use with an introducer, with which multiple biopsy specimens can easily be obtained without additional needle punctures.
The clinical management of bipolar disorder complexity using a stratified model

Malhi GS, Bargh DM, Cashman E, Frye MA, Gitlin M. The clinical management of bipolar disorder complexity using a stratified model. Bipolar Disord 2012: 14 (Suppl. 2): 66–89. © 2012 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S.