Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ultrastructural identification of uncoated caveolin-independent early endocytic vehicles

Using quantitative light microscopy and a modified immunoelectron microscopic technique, we have characterized the entry pathway of the cholera toxin binding subunit (CTB) in primary embryonic fibroblasts. CTB trafficking to the Golgi complex was identical in caveolin-1null (Cav1−/−) mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) and wild-type (WT) MEFs. CTB entry in the Cav1−/− MEFs was predominantly clathrin and dynamin independent but relatively cholesterol dependent. Immunoelectron microscopy was used to quantify budded and surface-connected caveolae and to identify noncaveolar endocytic vehicles. In WT MEFs, a small fraction of the total Cav1-positive structures were shown to bud from the plasma membrane (2% per minute), and budding increased upon okadaic acid or lactosyl ceramide treatment. However, the major carriers involved in initial entry of CTB were identified as uncoated tubular or ring-shaped structures. These carriers contained GPI-anchored proteins and fluid phase markers and represented the major vehicles mediating CTB uptake in both WT and caveolae-null cells.
Self-handicapping strategies for learning of preservice teachers

The aim of the study was to investigate self-handicapping strategies applied by students in an academic context and to analyze the relationship between the use of these strategies and the students' gender, age and course year. The sample consisted of 164 students of both genders aged 18 to 48 years and enrolled in the second and fourth years of the undergraduate program in pedagogy at Brazilian public universities. The data were collected through open-ended questions and a self-reported Likert scale instrument. Students reported applying several self-handicapping strategies, such as procrastination and not reading the recommended texts. Young students and women reported a more frequent use of these strategies. The importance of identifying the self-handicapping behavior of college students is discussed in this article.
The effects of cognitive load and lying types on deception cues

The Effects of Cognitive Load and Lying Types on Deception Cues by Nicole M Adams-Quackenbush Over the last decade, inducing cognitive load has been introduced as a possible lie detection technique (Vrij, et al., 2006). Evidence suggests that lying is a cognitively taxing task; therefore, increasing a deceiver’s cognitive demands should make lying even more difficult, and true deception cues should become apparent. The present study investigated various behavioural cues that occurred between individuals who lied by omission or falsification. Cognitive load was used to amplify deception cues within subjects on half of the interview questions. It was predicted that there would be differences between cues based on deception type. The findings in the present study have revealed a main effect of cognitive load and a main effect of lying type. There was no interaction effect between cognitive load and falsification. The individual deception cues that were responsible for the variance are identified and implications for deception detection research and law enforcement are discussed.
Clinical Significant Effect of Chloral Hydrate: Diazepam Combination in the Induction of Sedation During Auditory Brainstem Response in Children with Hearing Loss

Hearing loss is the most common sensory disability in the world, hearing loss should be early diagnosed and treated since; it leads to speech and language disorders. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) or Auditory evoked potential (AEP) is a neurologic test done by an audiologist to measure auditory evoke potential. Different types of sedation levels are used during auditory brainstem response test. Therefore, the aim of present study was evaluation of the sedative effect of chloral hydrate during auditory brainstem response (ABR) on children with hearing problems. Randomized selection of 160 children with age ranged between 1-5 years with hearing disorders, they were divided into: Group A: Received 20 mg/Kg chloral hydrate orally. Group B: Received 20 mg/Kg chloral hydrate orally plus 0.5 mg/Kg diazepam rectally. Group C: Received 40 mg/Kg chloral hydrate orally. Group D: Received 40 mg/Kg chloral hydrate orally plus 0.5 mg/Kg diazepam rectally. Regarding ABR testing results, positive ABR test was superior in combined group compared to other groups p=0.005 whereas; negative ABR test was low in combined group compared to other groups p=0.006. At the end of ABR testing 118.52±9.88 of testing children in combined group completed the test compared to other groups p=0.0139 while; 98.21±7.22 of testing children in combined group not completed ABR test compared to other groups p=0.005. In conclusion, combined chloral hydrate plus diazepam give more significant sedative effect than chloral hydrate alone during ABR testing in children with hearing disorders.
Consulting for substance abuse: Mental disorders among adolescents and their parents

Studies conducted outside of Scandinavia indicate that most adolescents with substance misuse problems suffer from co-morbid mental disorders. The present study assessed the mental health of adolescents seeking help for substance misuse problems in a large Swedish city. Parents’ mental health was also examined. The sample included 97 girls with their 90 mothers and 52 fathers, and 81 boys with their 72 mothers and 37 fathers. The adolescents completed a diagnostic interview, either the Kiddie-SADs or the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) depending on their age. Their parents underwent diagnostic interviews with the SCID. Ninety per cent of the girls and 81% of the boys met criteria for at least one disorder other than substance misuse, and on average, they suffered from three other disorders, most of which had onset before substance misuse began. Almost 80% of the mothers and 67% of the fathers met criteria for at least one mental disorder other than alcohol and drug-related disorders. The findings concur with those reported from studies conducted in North America. The results suggest that in Sweden mental disorders are not being identified and effectively treated among some children and young adolescents who subsequently abuse alcohol and/or illicit drugs. Adolescents who consult for substance abuse problems require assessments and treatment by mental health professionals.
THE EFFECTS OF CASE CHARACTERISTICS ON SUSPECT BEHAVIOUR DURING POLICE QUESTIONING

This paper is concerned with the associations between the characteristics of a suspect and case and a suspect's decision to admit or deny having committed an offence. It outlines a model to illustrate how such characteristics have a bearing on interviewing styles and thus a direct and indirect effect on suspect behavior. A random sample of 1,067 cases from nine Metropolitan Police stations was examined. In each case the suspect was interviewed by a detective. The decision to admit an allegation during questioning was primarily associated with three factors: strength of evidence, legal advice, and the criminal history of the suspect. The results are discussed in relation to the effects of different interviewing strategies on suspect behaviour.
Experiencing Attrition of Special Education Teachers Through Narrative Inquiry

In the area of special education, there exists a shortage of qualified teachers, partially due to the departure of special education teachers from the field. In this study, the attrition of special education teachers was examined through case studies of current and former special educators using a narrative inquiry style. Study participants offered insight into their role as a special educator. While these special education teachers each displayed passion for their job and their students, the differences in their personalities drove them toward unique responses to the pressures of the job, causing some to choose to stay in the field and others to leave. They also expressed a need for more cooperation between general educators and themselves.
The end-systolic pressure-volume relation and its application to the study of the contractility of the cardiac muscle

The theory of large elastic deformation is used to develop a model for the contraction of the myocardium in which the active force of the myocardium (active fibre stress) is represented by its components in three perpendicular directions as force per unit volume of the myocardium. New results have been derived in relation to the study of the contractility of the myocardium, the study of the end-systolic pressure-volume relation (espvr) and the areas enclosed under it, as well as the calculation of the active and passive stress in the myocardium. Possibility of non-invasive implementation of some of those results by using for instance M-mode echocardiography is also indicated.
Organization of area 3a in macaque monkeys: Contributions to the cortical phenotype

The detailed organization of somatosensory area 3a was examined in macaque monkeys using multiunit electrophysiological recording techniques. By examining topographic relationships, changes in receptive field size, and the type of stimulus that neurons responded to, functional boundaries of area 3a were determined and related to architectonic boundaries. One striking observation was that the location of area 3a varied with respect to the central sulcus. In one‐half of the cases area 3a was on the rostral bank and fundus of the central sulcus and in the other half of the cases it was on the caudal bank and fundus of the central sulcus. In terms of topographic organization, we found that area 3a contains a complete representation of deep receptors and musculature of the contralateral body, and that the general organization of body part representations mirrors that of the primary somatosensory area, 3b. These results as well as results from studies of area 3a in ours and other laboratories indicate that area 3a is part of a network involved in proprioception, postural control, and the generation of coordinated movements. Further, comparative analysis of area 3a in a variety of species suggests that its construction is based, to a large extent, on the use of a particular body part rather than on innervation density. J. Comp. Neurol. 471:97–111, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
“Remember, it's always whites' ball”: Descriptions of African American male communication

This paper represents a phenomenological approach to studying the communication of African American men. Through the use of critical incidents, indepth interviews, and focus group discussions, descriptions of lived experiences were collected from over thirty‐five co‐researchers over a two‐year period. Six essential themes are discussed as central to African American male communication: (1) the importance of other African Americans, (2) learning how to communicate with non‐African Americans, (3) keeping a safe distance, (4) playing the part (snap! ), (5) testing the sincerity of non‐African Americans, and (6) an intense social responsibility. Implications for further research are discussed.
Power-Mode Control of Multiphase Resonant Electronic Ballast

A wide-bandwidth power-mode-controlled triple LCpCs resonant inverter is proposed for minimizing the light flicker caused by utility voltage fluctuation in industrial environments and compensating the dc bus ripple as an alternative rather than increasing the dc bus capacitance. To keep its efficiency, the inverter is controlled at a constant switching frequency by the phase displacement Ψ of the output voltage of one class-D section referred to the others. An approximate explicit form of the small-signal transfer function from the control angle Ψ to the output power is obtained by using a reduced-order model. This transfer function presents the main pole at a frequency high enough for the loop gain to exhibit wide bandwidth with a simple integral control action that compensates the voltage fluctuations in the frequency range where human perception is sensitive to light flicker. Experimental results are given using a 400-W high-pressure sodium lamp as the load.
HOW THE SCOPE AND METHOD OF PUBLIC FUNDING AFFECT WILLINGNESS TO PAY FOR PUBLIC GOODS

This article examines the sensitivity of survey measures of willingness to pay for public goods. Visitors to a science museum in San Francisco were asked to provide estimates of their willingness to pay for saving seabirds from oil spills and for teaching English to immigrants under various experimental conditions. Willingness to pay was substantially reduced by a seemingly innocuous reminder about how many individuals would be affected by a tax or would be asked to contribute to a given cause. This finding, which cannot be explained by standard economic interpretations of willingness to pay, is consistent with previous studies showing that subtle changes in question order and wording can affect the nature of the responses. Language: en
Deficiency of NOX1/Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate, Reduced Form Oxidase Leads to Pulmonary Vascular Remodeling

Objective— Involvement of reactive oxygen species derived from nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate, reduced form (NADPH) oxidase has been documented in the development of hypoxia-induced model of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). Because the PAH-like phenotype was demonstrated in mice deficient in Nox1 gene (Nox1−/Y) raised under normoxia, the aim of this study was to clarify how the lack of NOX1/NADPH oxidase could lead to pulmonary pathology. Approach and Results— Spontaneous enlargement and hypertrophy of the right ventricle, accompanied by hypertrophy of pulmonary vessels, were demonstrated in Nox1−/Y 9 to 18 weeks old. Because an increased number of &agr;-smooth muscle actin-positive vessels were observed in Nox1−/Y, pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) were isolated and characterized by flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling staining. In Nox1−/Y PASMCs, the number of apoptotic cells was significantly reduced without any change in the expression of endothelin-1, and hypoxia-inducible factors HIF-1&agr; and HIF-2&agr;, factors implicated in the pathogenesis of PAH. A significant decrease in a voltage-dependent K+ channel, Kv1.5 protein, and an increase in intracellular potassium levels were demonstrated in Nox1−/Y PASMCs. When a rescue study was performed in Nox1−/Y crossed with transgenic mice overexpressing rat Nox1 gene, impaired apoptosis and the level of Kv1.5 protein in PASMCs were almost completely recovered in Nox1−/Y harboring the Nox1 transgene. Conclusions— These findings suggest a critical role for NOX1 in cellular apoptosis by regulating Kv1.5 and intracellular potassium levels. Because dysfunction of Kv1.5 is among the features demonstrated in PAH, inactivation of NOX1/NADPH oxidase may be a causative factor for pulmonary vascular remodeling associated with PAH.
The role of parental and peer attachment relationships and school connectedness in predicting adolescent mental health outcomes.

BACKGROUND Adolescent attachment relationships with parents and peers and the sense of connectedness with the schools attended have been established as salient predictors of psychological well-being. Few studies, however, have assessed the relative importance of each attachment or connectedness relationship and how they interrelate to influence mental health outcomes. METHOD A total of 203 adolescents (11-16 years) completed self-report measures of parental and peer attachment (Inventory of Parental & Peer Attachment - Revised; Gullone & Robinson, ); school connectedness (Psychological Sense of School Membership; Goodenow, ); conduct problems, emotional symptoms and prosocial behaviour (Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire; Goodman, ). RESULTS Multiple regression analyses demonstrated that more insecure parental attachment (although not peer attachment or school connectedness) predicted conduct problems and emotional difficulties. Peer attachment and school connectedness were significant predictors of prosocial behaviour, whereas parental attachment was not. A mediational analysis revealed that peer attachment and school connectedness both mediate the relationship between parental attachment and prosocial behaviour. No significant moderation effects of either peer attachment or school connectedness on the relationship between parental attachment and mental health outcomes were found. CONCLUSIONS Different attachment and connectedness relationships, although related, predict adolescent mental health outcomes in distinct ways. Improving parental attachment may have particular salience in reducing negative behaviours such as conduct problems and emotional difficulties, whereas improving peer attachment and school connectedness could be important for the display of prosocial behaviour.
Deep Region Hashing for Efficient Large-scale Instance Search from Images

Instance Search (INS) is a fundamental problem for many applications, while it is more challenging comparing to traditional image search since the relevancy is defined at the instance level. Existing works have demonstrated the success of many complex ensemble systems that are typically conducted by firstly generating object proposals, and then extracting handcrafted and/or CNN features of each proposal for matching. However, object bounding box proposals and feature extraction are often conducted in two separated steps, thus the effectiveness of these methods collapses. Also, due to the large amount of generated proposals, matching speed becomes the bottleneck that limits its application to large-scale datasets. To tackle these issues, in this paper we propose an effective and efficient Deep Region Hashing (DRH) approach for large-scale INS using an image patch as the query. Specifically, DRH is an end-to-end deep neural network which consists of object proposal, feature extraction, and hash code generation. DRH shares full-image convolutional feature map with the region proposal network, thus enabling nearly cost-free region proposals. Also, each high-dimensional, real-valued region features are mapped onto a low-dimensional, compact binary codes for the efficient object region level matching on large-scale dataset. Experimental results on four datasets show that our DRH can achieve even better performance than the state-of-the-arts in terms of MAP, while the efficiency is improved by nearly 100 times.
Who are the heroes? Characteristics of people who rescue others

Heroic rescuing behaviour is a male-typical trait in humans, and it is possible that life risking acts represent a costly signal, showing that a rescuing male has good underlying genetic quality. Previous research has shown that males with low status occupations are more frequent rescuers than males who have higher socio-economic statuses. This study looked at news archives of local papers in the UK in order to discover what kind of characteristics rescuers possess. It was found that males were highly more likely to rescue than females were, and that a typical rescuer was a low status male rescuing another male. Males with low socio-economic status were more likely to rescue in all the contexts (fire, drowning, violence and traffic accidents). Socio-economic status and heroism are discussed in relation to the evolutionary theory. It is suggested that heroism could be a condition dependent life history strategy and could be related to steep future discounting.
A Comparison of Simplified-Visually Rich and Traditional Presentation Styles

Microsoft PowerPoint and similar presentation tools have become commonplace in higher education, yet there is very little research on the effectiveness of different PowerPoint formats for implementing this software. This study compared two PowerPoint presentation techniques: a more traditional format employing heavy use of bullet points with text and a newer format referred to as the Simplified-Visually Rich Approach, which uses frequent visuals and minimizes on-screen text. These techniques were assessed with a quasi-experimental between-groups design that analyzed the impact of these two formats on college student satisfaction and learning outcomes in a general psychology course. No differences in learning outcomes were demonstrated, although the Simplified-Visually Rich Approach produced significantly higher student satisfaction.
Cerebral Medulloepithelioma: A Rare Aggressive Brain Tumor in Child – A Case Report

Abstract Medulloepithelioma of the central nervous system (CNS) is a rare primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET) usually occurring in early childhood. It is a highly aggressive tumor with poor outcomes despite aggressive treatment. The ideal treatment appears to be gross total surgical resection, followed by radiation therapy. We report a case of a cerebral medulloepithelioma in a child with an aggressive tumor growth despite the gross total resection, who is surviving 1 year after diagnosis.
Curriculum transition in Germany and South Africa: 1990–2010

At first sight, there is not much to compare, or any reason to compare, German and South African curricular frameworks. The history, nature of their respective transitions, level of development and educational legacies are very different. But the fall of the Berlin Wall and ending of apartheid brought both within a common neo-liberal global framework. A significant literature in comparative education points to increasing homogeneity in education systems and their curricula, while another points to how states and societies transfer, borrow, absorb or deflect such ideas in a manner that confirms difference and diversity, linked to historical specificity. The article probes these questions by comparing the history curriculum changes and their implications in both Germany and South Africa from 1990 to 2010 using a framework derived from Hayden White. It argues first that while the transitions in the 1990s were notably dissimilar, the international testing movement a decade later helped to precipitate common responses in the adoption and strengthening of standards in the early 2000s. However, despite this apparent convergence, the nature of standards developed differed substantially and these differences were linked to respective histories of history education in the transition. This article argues secondly that history curricula of both East and West Germany and a unified Germany had fully elaborated knowledge-focused curricula until the 2000s when competences were introduced. South Africa's 1997 curriculum did not build on past curricula, but its outcomes became hybridised artefacts before being abandoned in 2009 when the period of superficial convergence of form between the two countries came to an end. The article uses a combination of primary and secondary documents.