Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non-native language teachers : perceptions, challenges, and contributions to the profession

Contributing -Authors -Acknowledgments -Looking at the perceptions, challenges, and contributions or the importance of being a non-native teacher -PART I: Setting up the stage: Non-native teachers in the twenty-first century -A history of research on non-native speaker English teachers -Cultural studies, foreign language teaching and learning practices, and the NNS practitioner -PART II: NNS teachers in the classroom -Basing teaching on the L2 user -Codeswitching in the L2 classroom: A communication and learning strategy -Constructing social relationships and linguistic knowledge through non-native-speaking teacher talk -Non-native speaker teachers and awareness of lexical difficulty in pedagogical texts -PART III: Perspectives on NNS teachers-in-training -Non-native TESOL students as seen by practicum supervisors -Chinese graduate teaching assistants teaching freshman composition to native English speaking students -Pragmatic perspectives on the preparation of teachers of English as a second language: Putting the NS/NNS debate in context -PART IV: Students' perceptions of NNS teachers -Differences in teaching behaviour between native and non-native speaker teachers: As seen by the learners -What do students think about the pros and cons of having a native speaker teacher? -'Personality not nationality': Foreign students' perceptions of a non-native speaker lecturer of English at a British university -PART V: NNS teachers' self-perceptions -Mind the gap: Self and perceived native speaker identities of EFL teachers -Non-native speaker teachers of English and their anxieties: Ingredients for an experiment in action research -Index.
Global Metabolomics Reveals Urinary Biomarkers of Breast Cancer in a MCF-7 Xenograft Mouse Model

Global metabolomics analysis has the potential to uncover novel metabolic pathways that are differentially regulated during carcinogenesis, aiding in biomarker discovery for early diagnosis and remission monitoring. Metabolomics studies with human samples can be problematic due to high inter-individual variation; however xenografts of human cancers in mice offer a well-controlled model system. Urine was collected from a xenograft mouse model of MCF-7 breast cancer and analyzed by mass spectrometry-based metabolomics to identify metabolites associated with cancer progression. Over 10 weeks, 24 h urine was collected weekly from control mice, mice dosed with estradiol cypionate (1 mg/mL), mice inoculated with MCF-7 cells (1 × 107) and estradiol cypionate (1 mg/mL), and mice dosed with MCF-7 cells (1 × 107) only (n = 10/group). Mice that received both estradiol cypionate and MCF-7 cells developed tumors from four weeks after inoculation. Five urinary metabolites were identified that were associated with breast cancer; enterolactone glucuronide, coumaric acid sulfate, capric acid glucuronide, an unknown metabolite, and a novel mammalian metabolite, “taurosebacic acid”. These metabolites revealed a correlation between tumor growth, fatty acid synthesis, and potential anti-proliferative effects of gut microbiota-metabolized food derivatives. These biomarkers may be of value for early diagnosis of cancer, monitoring of cancer therapeutics, and may also lead to future mechanistic studies.
The Impact of Consumer Credit Access on Employment, Earnings and Entrepreneurship

How does consumer credit access impact job flows, earnings, and entrepreneurship? To answer this question, we build a new administrative dataset which links individual employment and entrepreneur tax records to TransUnion credit reports, and we exploit the discrete increase in consumer credit access following bankruptcy flag removal. After flag removal, individuals flow into self-employment. New entrants earn more, borrow significantly using unsecured and secured consumer credit, and are more likely to become an employer business. In addition, after flag removal, non-employed and self-employed individuals are more likely to find unemployment-insured "formal" jobs at larger firms that pay greater wages. These estimates imply that firms believe previously bankrupt workers are 3.8% less productive than non-bankrupt workers, on average. These results suggest that consumer credit access matters for each stage of entrepreneurship and that credit-checks may be limiting formal sector employment opportunities.
Pathways to eliciting aid: The effects of visual representations of human suffering on empathy and help for people in need

This dissertation investigates how the media representation of a victim of a chronic problem can induce empathy and help for the victim group and whether taking the perspective of the victim is necessary for experiencing empathy for him or her. Three characteristics of media messages examined here are the overt emotional expressions, geographic proximity and sensory proximity (manifested via a picture of a victim’s suffering experience and facial close-ups used to frame the victim) of a victim. Two experiments were conducted to test the effects of these characteristics on the audience’s empathic concern, perspective taking, attitudes toward the interventions that benefit the victim group, and personal helping behavior to the group. According to the two studies, the actual geographic distance between a suffering victim and the audience has little effects on the outcome variables, whether a picture of the victim is present or not. Exposure to the picture, however, elicits empathic concern for the victim; the evoked empathic concern, in turn, produces favorable attitudes toward the interventions and helping behavior. In contrast to the positive effect of the picture on empathic concern, seeing the picture reduces perspective taking on the part of the audience. Furthermore, exposure to a victim’s overt emotional expressions increases empathic concern but reduces perspective taking. The positive effect of the emotional expressions on empathic concern is also more evident when the victim is framed in close-ups than when s/he is portrayed from medium perspectives. However, neither the positive effect of the emotional expressions nor the interaction between the emotional expressions and camera perspectives on empathic concern results in favorable attitudes toward the interventions or helping behavior. Facial close-ups of a victim do not heighten the audience’s empathic feelings for the victim, nor do the close-ups produce support for the interventions or personal aid. Finally, the strengths and limitations of each study, the theoretical and practical implications of the findings and possible directions for future research are discussed. Degree Type Dissertation Degree Name Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Department Communication First Advisor Dr. Diana Carole Mutz Second Advisor Dr. Katherine Sender
Evaluation of the Effects of Various Exercise Interventions on Parkinson’s Disease

The overall purpose of the current thesis was to evaluate the influence of various exercise strategies on Parkinson's disease (PD). While countless exercise interventions have been investigated in PD, results have been weak and inconclusive at best. As such, there are currently no scientifically-validated recommendations for an optimal exercise intervention. The four studies comprising this thesis have attempted to address the shortcomings of previous literature, namely, inconsistent use of outcome measures, lack of PD symptomatic measures, varying lengths of exercise interventions, absence of a non-exercise control group, continued assessment of participants after exercise has ended, and verifying replicability of findings. The first study was focused on identifying objective outcome measures that are predictive or reflective of the classic symptoms associated with PD. Symptomatic assessment was conducted using the Unified Parkinson's disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), the current gold standard for assessment of PD symptom severity. Objective outcome measures included the timed-up-and-go (TUG), grooved pegboard (GP), and spatiotemporal aspects of self-paced gait (velocity, step length). Backward elimination regression analysis demonstrated that the place phase of the GP was the most predictive of UPDRS score. Interestingly, no objective outcome measures were strongly correlated with change on the symptomatic subsets that they were believed to be theoretically evaluating. The results point to the continued need to identify objective outcome measures reflective of symptomatic assessment. Further, exercise rehabilitation trials should combine outcome measures with symptomatic assessment to ensure that improvements are reflective of symptomatic improvement.
PENGARUH BUDAYA ORGANISASIONAL TERHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN MELALUI SELF EFFICACY DAN TEMPERAMEN DI PT. NUTRIFOOD SURABAYA

Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kausal dilakukan untuk menguji pengaruh budaya organisasional terhadap kinerja karyawan melalui self efficacy dan temperamen di PT. Nutrifood Surabaya dan data yang dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner, populasi berjumlah 47 orang karyawan PT. Nutrifood surabaya, dengan menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Penelitian ini menggunakan Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) berbasis Partial Least Square (PLS) untuk menjawab rumusan masalah. Ditemukan bahwa jenis budaya organisasional berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan, jenis budaya organisasional berpengaruh terhadap self efficacy , jenis budaya organisasional berpengaruh terhadap temperamen, temperamen berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan, temperamen berpengaruh terhadap self efficacy , self efficacy tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan, budaya organisasional memiliki pengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan melalui self efficacy , dan budaya organisasional memiliki pengaruh terhadap kinerja karyawan melalui temperamen. Oleh karena itu manajemen puncak perlu mengintensifkan sosialisasi kepada seluruh karyawan, melakukan penilaian kinerja karyawan secara berkala dan turut memberikan dorongan yang relalistis yang nantinya dapat memberikan dampak pada usaha karyawan untuk lebih berusaha keras dalam bekerja dan menjadi sukses dengan turut memberikan kontribusi bagi perusahaan. Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table Normal"; mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0; mso-tstyle-colband-size:0; mso-style-noshow:yes; mso-style-priority:99; mso-style-parent:""; mso-padding-alt:0cm 5.4pt 0cm 5.4pt; mso-para-margin-top:0cm; mso-para-margin-right:0cm; mso-para-margin-bottom:10.0pt; mso-para-margin-left:0cm; line-height:115%; mso-pagination:widow-orphan; font-size:11.0pt; font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif"; mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman"; mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;}
AdaBoost-based handwritten/printed discrimination on single character

Handwritten and machine-printed characters are recognized separately in most OCR systems due to their distinct difference. In applications where both kinds of characters are involved, it is necessary to judge a character’s handwritten/printed property before feeding it into the proper recognition engine. In this paper, a new method to discriminate between handwritten and machine-printed character is proposed. Unlike most previous works, the discrimination we carried out in this paper is totally based on single character. Five kinds of statistical features are extracted from character image, then feature selection and classification are implemented simultaneously by a learning algorithm based on AdaBoost. Experiments on large data sets have demonstrated the effectiveness of the method.
Assessing The Quality In Different U S Early Childhood Education Programs

Bu calismanin temel amaci Amerika Birlesik Devletleri’nde bulunan farkli turlerdeki okuloncesi egitim kurumlarinin kalitelerini olcmektir. Calismanin orneklemi, Amerika Birlesik Devletleri’nin Ortabati bolgesinde bir universite sehrinde bulunan, birbirinden farkli 10 okuloncesi egitim kurumunu kapsamaktadir. Bu calisma, gozlemlenen kurumlardaki yapisal ve islevsel ozellikleri, “Early Childhood Environment Rating Scale Revised Edition” degerlendirme olcegi kullanarak elde edilen sonuclar dogrultusunda ortaya cikarmaktadir. ECERS-R degerlendirme olcegi su kategorileri kapsamaktadir: (1) sinif ortami ve mobilyalar; (2) kisisel bakim duzeni; (3) dil ve nedenleme; (4) aktiviteler; (5) etkilesim; (6) program yapisi; (7) aile ve personel. Okul oncesi kurumlari yukarida verilen kategoriler bazinda karsilastirilmistir. Bu calismada incelenen butun kurumlar farkli yapilarda olmalarina ragmen gerekli olan kabul edilebilir en dusuk kalite seviyesi ortalamasini tutturmuslardir. Universite destekli kurumlar diger kurumlara gore, Head Start programlarina gore daha yuksek seviyede kaliteye sahiptirler. Butun kurumlar karsilastirildiginda ortaya cikan sonuclar gosteriyor ki universite destekli kurumlar daha genis alana, sayisal ve cesitlilik bakimindan daha fazla oyuncak ve materyale, cocuklar icin daha iyi kisisel bakim kosullarina, daha iyi arkadas ve ogretmen-ogrenci iletisimine ve ogretmenler icin daha iyi calisma kosullarina sahiptirler. Bu calisma ayrica gosteriyor ki okuloncesi kurumlarinin egitim kalitelerinin yuksekligi, o kurumda egitim alan ogrencilerin okuloncesi egitimin gerektirdigi ogrenme ve oyun gibi aktivitelerden maksimum seviyede yararlanabilmelerine olanak saglamaktadir.
Design of Embedded Hybrid Fuzzy-GA Control Strategy for Speed Control of DC Motor: A Servo Control Case Study

paper, DC motor speed control models were mathematically extracted and implemented using artificial intelligence techniques. Due to multivariable and non-linear in nature, it is difficult to achieve the optimum speed of the motor. Conventional PI controller gives the maximum overshoot problem. To overcome the maximum overshoot, artificial intelligence techniques have been incorporated in the controller architecture. Fuzzy logic controlled model of DC motor is implemented, investigated and further optimised by the genetic algorithm for the optimal fuzzy rule base. Digital signal processor TMS320LF2407A is also tested to control the speed of servo motor. The transient time, steady state response and the performance criteria IAE and ITAE of the above controllers have been investigated. The result shows that the fuzzy logic- GA integrated approach has minimum overshoot, and minimum transient and steady state parameters, which shows the more effectiveness and efficiency of FLC-GA hybridisation than FLC and conventional PI model to control the speed of the motor.
Ablation of Ventricular Myosin Regulatory Light Chain Phosphorylation in Mice Causes Cardiac Dysfunction in Situ and Affects Neighboring Myofilament Protein Phosphorylation*

There is little direct evidence on the role of myosin regulatory light chain phosphorylation in ejecting hearts. In studies reported here we determined the effects of regulatory light chain (RLC) phosphorylation on in situ cardiac systolic mechanics and in vitro myofibrillar mechanics. We compared data obtained from control nontransgenic mice (NTG) with a transgenic mouse model expressing a cardiac specific nonphosphorylatable RLC (TG-RLC(P-). We also determined whether the depression in RLC phosphorylation affected phosphorylation of other sarcomeric proteins. TG-RLC(P-) demonstrated decreases in base-line load-independent measures of contractility and power and an increase in ejection duration together with a depression in phosphorylation of myosin-binding protein-C (MyBP-C) and troponin I (TnI). Although TG-RLC(P-) displayed a significantly reduced response to β1-adrenergic stimulation, MyBP-C and TnI were phosphorylated to a similar level in TG-RLC(P-) and NTG, suggesting cAMP-dependent protein kinase signaling to these proteins was not disrupted. A major finding was that NTG controls were significantly phosphorylated at RLC serine 15 following β1-adrenergic stimulation, a mechanism prevented in TG-RLC(P-), thus providing a biochemical difference in β1-adrenergic responsiveness at the level of the sarcomere. Our measurements of Ca2+ tension and Ca2+-ATPase rate relations in detergent-extracted fiber bundles from LV trabeculae demonstrated a relative decrease in maximum Ca2+-activated tension and tension cost in TG-RLC(P-) fibers, with no change in Ca2+ sensitivity. Our data indicate that RLC phosphorylation is critical for normal ejection and response to β1-adrenergic stimulation. Our data also indicate that the lack of RLC phosphorylation promotes compensatory changes in MyBP-C and TnI phosphorylation, which when normalized do not restore function.
A theoretical study of neutral point voltage balancing problem in three-level neutral- point-clamped PWM VSI

This paper investigates the neutral point voltage balancing problem in three-level NPC PWM VSI theoretically. Current vector is introduced to model the disturbance of NP voltage due to middle voltage vectors and small voltage vectors. The ripple of NP voltage is consisting of two parts, one is low-frequency and the other is high frequency. The low frequency is three order of frequency of VSI output. The condition of modulation index and power factor angle that NP voltage can balance in one sample cycle is proposed. And in some condition, the NP voltage can balance in one sixth of VSI output cycle.
Marital Satisfaction and Work-Life Balance: A Viewpoint Indispensable to Mitigating Fertility Decline (Japanese)

This paper seeks to show that: 1) wives' marital satisfaction and their confidence in their husbands' ability to provide emotional support and financial security, a major component of marital satisfaction, affect their desire to give birth; and 2) wives' marital satisfaction and their confidence in their husbands - though also subject to the influence of household economic conditions such as the husband's income, household assets, and husband's unemployment - are far more affected by the way in which a married couple budgets its time, such as hours spent in companionship and for conversation between husband and wife, and husband's share in childrearing. Based on the results of the analysis, the paper discusses specific measures to achieve work-life balance that enhances wives' marital satisfaction.
D-branes and SQCD in non-critical superstring theory

Using exact boundary conformal field theory methods we analyze the D-brane physics of a specific four-dimensional non-critical superstring theory which involves the = 2 SL(2)/U(1) Kazama-Suzuki model at level 1. Via the holographic duality of [1] our results are relevant for D-brane dynamics in the background of NS5-branes and D-brane dynamics near a conifold singularity. We pay special attention to a configuration of D3- and D5-branes that realizes = 1 supersymmetric QCD and discuss the massless spectrum and classical moduli of this setup in detail. We also comment briefly on the implications of this construction for the recently proposed generalization of the AdS/CFT correspondence by Klebanov and Maldacena within the setting of non-critical superstrings.
Activation of Erk1/2 phosphorylation but not of Akt/Pkb through an inducible CSF1R/IRR-receptor construct in INS-1E β-cells

Context: The insulin receptor-related receptor (IRR) is an orphan receptor belonging to the insulin receptor (IR) family. Despite its unknown function, the specific tissue expression and the high sequence homology with the IR and the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) suggest a biological role in β-cells. Objectives: In this study we investigated the influence of a stimulatable IRR-tyrosine kinase on major IR/IGF1R signaling pathways and on proliferation and apoptosis of INS-1E β-cells. Methods: INS-1E cells were stably transfected with a colony stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R)/IRR construct activated by a macrophage colony stimulating factor. Results and conclusion: After stimulation the construct showed time and dose dependent autophosphorylation and transient extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2 activation. Protein kinase b was not phosphorylated and also an effect on proliferation and apoptosis of INS-1E could not be demonstrated. Thus, no obvious biologic function of the IRR is present in INS-1E β-cells.
Physiotherapeutic interventions and physical activity for children in Northern Sweden with cerebral palsy: a register study from equity and gender perspectives

ABSTRACT Background: Young people with disabilities, especially physical disabilities, report worse health than others. This may be because of the disability, lower levels of physical activity, and discrimination. For children with cerebral palsy, access to physiotherapy and physical activity is a crucial prerequisite for good health and function. To date, there is limited knowledge regarding potential gender bias and inequity in habilitation services. Objectives: To map how physiotherapeutic interventions (PTI), physical leisure activity, and physical education are allocated for children with cerebral palsy regarding sex, age, level of gross motor function, and county council affiliation. This was done from a gender and equity perspective. Methods: A register study using data from the Cerebral Palsy follow-Up Program (CPUP). Data included 313 children ≤18 years with cerebral palsy from the five northern counties in Sweden during 2013. Motor impairment of the children was classified according to the expanded and revised Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS). Results: In three county councils, boys received more physiotherapy interventions and received them more frequently than girls did. Differences between county councils were seen for frequency and reasons for physiotherapy interventions (p < 0.001). The physiotherapist was involved more often with children who had lower motor function and with children who had low physical leisure activity. Children with lower motor function level participated in physical leisure activity less often than children with less motor impairment (p < 0.001). Boys participated more frequently in physical education than did girls (p = 0.028). Conclusion: Gender and county council affiliation affect the distribution of physiotherapy interventions for children with cerebral palsy, and there are associations between gender and physical activity. Thus, the intervention is not always determined by the needs of the child or the degree of impairment. A gender-bias is indicated. Further studies are needed to ensure fair interventions.
Cytoskeletal mechanics during Shigella invasion and dissemination in epithelial cells

The actin cytoskeleton is key to the barrier function of epithelial cells, by permitting the establishment and maintenance of cell–cell junctions and cell adhesion to the basal matrix. Actin exists under monomeric and polymerized filamentous form and its polymerization following activation of nucleation promoting factors generates pushing forces, required to propel intracellular microorganisms in the host cell cytosol or for the formation of cell extensions that engulf bacteria. Actin filaments can associate with adhesion receptors at the plasma membrane via cytoskeletal linkers. Membrane anchored to actin filaments are then subjected to the retrograde flow that may pull membrane‐bound bacteria inside the cell. To induce its internalization by normally non‐phagocytic cells, bacteria need to establish adhesive contacts and trick the cell into apply pulling forces, and/or to generate protrusive forces that deform the membrane surrounding its contact site. In this review, we will focus on recent findings on actin cytoskeleton reorganization within epithelial cells during invasion and cell‐to‐cell spreading by the enteroinvasive pathogen Shigella, the causative agent of bacillary dysentery.