Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clustering Characteristics of Millimeter Wave Indoor Channels

Temporal-Angular channel sounding measurements of an indoor millimeter wave channel (60 GHz) is analyzed to determine whether ray arrivals at the receiver form clusters in the two-dimensional time-angle space. The channel behavior and cluster energy distribution for directional antennas (with various 3 dB beamwidths) at the transmitter are discussed. Geometric interpretation of the results is also provided.
Dating Violence on Small Rural College Campuses: Are Administrator and Student Perceptions Similar?

OF DISSERTATION DATING VIOLENCE ON SMALL RURAL COLLEGE CAMPUSES: ARE ADMINISTRATOR AND STUDENT PERCEPTIONS SIMILAR? In recent years dating violence has become more and more prevalent on college campuses. Reports of the range of dating violence vary widely, with studies reporting from 20% to 85% of college women experiencing dating violence. However, almost all research has been conducted among urban and/or large colleges and universities, with virtually no attention to what is happening on small and/or rural college and university campuses. When a possible 20% of college women have experienced dating violence on college campuses, there becomes a crucial need for administration at a college to have an accurate assessment of the college’s liability, and of the adequacy of the college’s programs and policies relative to dating violence. This study sought to determine whether administrators and female students on small rural college campuses have the same perceptions of the type and incidence of dating violence on their campus, and of the programs and policies the college has put into place to prevent and respond to dating violence. Two domains of perceptions were addressed, dating violence beliefs and experience, and dating violence policy knowledge. The same question was examined to determine if perceptions of resident and commuter students were the same, and if perceptions of under and upper class students were the same. The investigator surveyed 52 college administrators and 306 female students at a total of four small rural college campuses to determine whether administrator and female student perceptions of dating violence incidence/type and dating violence program/policy knowledge at the college were similar. Results were that administrators tended to have similar perceptions to students as regards dating violence beliefs and experience, although not specific types of dating violence. Students did not exhibit a strong knowledge of dating violence policy. Resident and commuter students displayed similar perceptions to each other, as did under class and upper class students.
Rapid evolution of the env gene leader sequence in cats naturally infected with feline immunodeficiency virus

Analysing the evolution of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) at the intra-host level is important in order to address whether the diversity and composition of viral quasispecies affect disease progression. We examined the intra-host diversity and the evolutionary rates of the entire env and structural fragments of the env sequences obtained from sequential blood samples in 43 naturally infected domestic cats that displayed different clinical outcomes. We observed in the majority of cats that FIV env showed very low levels of intra-host diversity. We estimated that env evolved at a rate of 1.16×10−3 substitutions per site per year and demonstrated that recombinant sequences evolved faster than non-recombinant sequences. It was evident that the V3–V5 fragment of FIV env displayed higher evolutionary rates in healthy cats than in those with terminal illness. Our study provided the first evidence that the leader sequence of env, rather than the V3–V5 sequence, had the highest intra-host diversity and the highest evolutionary rate of all env fragments, consistent with this region being under a strong selective pressure for genetic variation. Overall, FIV env displayed relatively low intra-host diversity and evolved slowly in naturally infected cats. The maximum evolutionary rate was observed in the leader sequence of env. Although genetic stability is not necessarily a prerequisite for clinical stability, the higher genetic stability of FIV compared with human immunodeficiency virus might explain why many naturally infected cats do not progress rapidly to AIDS.
PARS: stimulating cooperation for power-aware routing in ad-hoc networks

Power-aware routing has proven to be effective in maximizing the life time of ad-hoc networks. However, all the previous research focused on the power-aware routing algorithms in a cooperative network, where all the nodes honestly report battery usage. However, selfish nodes in ad-hoc networks have incentives to misreport lower residual energy to maximize their own usage. In this paper, we first show that it is a dominant strategy for a selfish node to report lower residual energy in a power-aware ad-hoc network, which diminishes the benefits of power-aware routing algorithms. We then propose a novel power-aware reputation system (PARS), to stimulate cooperation on power-aware routing in ad-hoc networks. Analysis and simulation results show that PARS is effective in supporting power-aware routing in selfish ad-hoc networks.
Bad Credit, No Problem? Credit and Labor Market Consequences of Bad Credit Reports

Credit reports are used in nearly all consumer lending decisions and, increasingly, in hiring decisions in the labor market, but the impact of a bad credit report is largely unknown. We study the effects of credit reports on financial and labor market outcomes using a difference-in-differences research design that compares changes in outcomes over time for Chapter 13 filers, whose personal bankruptcy flags are removed from credit reports after 7 years, to changes for Chapter 7 filers, whose personal bankruptcy flags are removed from credit reports after 10 years. Using credit bureau data, we show that the removal of a Chapter 13 bankruptcy flag leads to a large increase in credit scores, and an economically significant increase in credit card balances and mortgage borrowing. We study labor market effects using administrative tax records linked to personal bankruptcy records. In sharp contrast to the credit market effects, we estimate a precise zero effect of flag removal on employment and earnings outcomes. We conclude that credit reports are important for credit market outcomes, where they are the primary source of information used to screen applicants, but are of limited consequence for labor market outcomes, where employers rely on a much broader set of screening mechanisms.
Skin and Surface Lead Contamination, Hygiene Programs, and Work Practices of Bridge Surface Preparation and Painting Contractors

A 2005 regulatory review of the lead in construction standard by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) noted that alternative pathways of exposure can be as significant as inhalation exposure and that noncompliance with the standard pertaining to hygiene facilities and practices was the second most commonly violated section of the standard. Noncompliance with provisions of the standard and unhealthy work and hygiene practices likely increase the likelihood of take-home lead via contaminated clothing, automobiles, and skin, thus contributing to elevated blood lead levels (BLL) among construction workers and their family members. We performed a cross-sectional study of bridge painters working for small contractors in Massachusetts to investigate causes of persistent elevated BLLs and to assess lead exposures. Thirteen work sites were evaluated for a 2-week period during which surface and skin wipe samples were collected and qualitative information was obtained on personal hygiene practices, decontamination and hand wash facilities, and respiratory protection programs. Results showed lead contamination on workers' skin, respirators, personal automobiles, and the decontamination unit, indicating a significant potential for take-home lead exposure. Overall, the geometric mean (GM) skin lead levels ranged from 373 μg on workers' faces at end of shift to 814 μg on hands at break time. The overall GM lead level inside respirators was 143 μg before work and 286 μg after work. Lead contamination was also present inside workers' personal vehicles as well as on surfaces inside the clean side of the decontamination unit. Review of the respiratory protection programs, work site decontamination and hand wash facilities, and personal hygiene practices indicated that these factors had significant impact on skin and surface contamination levels and identified significant opportunities for improving work site facilities and personal practices. Elevated lead exposure and BLL can be minimized by strict adherence to the OSHA provisions for functioning decontamination and hygiene facilities and healthy personal hygiene practices.
The Luminosity Distribution in Galaxy Clusters: A Dwarf Population-Density Relation?

Recent work suggests that rich clusters of galaxies commonly have large populations of dwarf (i.e., low-luminosity) members, that is, their luminosity function turns up to a steep slope at the faint end. This population, or more particularly the relative numbers of dwarfs to giants, appears to be very similar for clusters of similar morphology but may vary between cluster types. We have previously suggested that dwarfs may be more common in less compact, spiral-rich clusters. Similarly, we have found evidence for population gradients across clusters, in that the dwarf population appears more spatially extended. In the present Letter, we summarize the current evidence and propose, in an analogy to the well-known morphology-density relation, that what we are seeing is a dwarf population-density relation: dwarfs are more common in lower density environments. Finally, we discuss recent semianalytic models of galaxy formation in the hierarchical clustering picture, which may give clues as to the origin of our proposed relation.
Realising evidence based practice: a systemic investigation of core knowledge processes in mental health

Aims To investigate the systemic circumstances required for mental health professionals to engage in the core processes of evidence based practice. Background Successful evidence based practice is the function of inter-related processes including knowledge acquisition, generation, and application, which occur in complex and dynamic circumstances. Dominant models and approaches to facilitating the use of knowledge in practice by health professionals remain based on linear, technical processes which aim to instigate behavioural changes at the individual level. Emergent conceptualisations argue the need for strategies that consider systemic factors which can impede or facilitate the processes underpinning the operation of evidence based practices in mental health. As yet no efforts have been made to actively apply systems thinking in efforts to improve evidence based practice in mental health. Method A collective case-study research design was developed by adapting Soft Systems Methodology. Three cases were examined, each selected due to their ability to provide information about one of the core processes under investigation; knowledge acquisition, knowledge generation and knowledge application. Data was collected iteratively from thirteen participants through focus groups and semi-structured interviews. Analysis was undertaken through the inductive open coding of data into sub-categories, following which key categories were identified and considered against individual, group and organisational systems levels. Findings This study identified twenty-four key categories across the cases and located these against the three systems levels. As anticipated, complex dynamic interactions between different elements at the different levels were identified including, the role of motivation, perception and skill at the individual level, the importance of team wisdom, support and decision making, and the need for organisations to provide adequate infrastructures, ensure access to specialist expertise and a number of elements contributing to a culture of space and support for evidence based practice.
The CM-5 Connection Machine: a scalable supercomputer

The CM-5 Connection Machine is a scalable homogeneous multiprocessor designed for large-scale scientific and business applications. In this article we describe its architecture and implementation from the standpoint of the programmer or user of parallel machines. In particular, we emphasize three features of the Connection Machine architecture: scalability, distributed memory/global addressing, and distributed execution/global synchronization. We believe that architectures of this type will replace most other forms of supercomputing in the foreseeable future. Examples of the current applications of the machine are included, focusing particularly on the machine's ability to support a variety of programming models
Improving Patients Experience in Peadiatric Emergency Waiting Room

When visiting the emergency department, the perception of the time spent in the waiting room before the beginning of the care, may influence patients' experience. Based on models of service evaluation, highlighting the importance of informing people about their waiting process and their place in the queue, we have developed an innovative information screen aiming at improving perception of time by patients. Following an iterative process, a group of experts including computer scientists, ergonomists and caregivers designed a solution adapted to the pediatric context. The solution includes a screen displaying five lanes representing triage levels. Patients are represented by individual avatars, drawn sequentially in the appropriate line. The interface has been designed using gamification principle, aiming at increasing acceptance, lowering learning curve and improving satisfaction. Questionnaire based evaluation results revealed high satisfaction from the 278 respondents even if the informative content was not always completely clear.
Moral sensitivity and its dimensions in Iranian nursing students

As future providers of health services, nursing students should learn about ethical concepts over the course of their education. These concepts are currently taught in nursing schools, yet the degree of moral sensitivity in nursing students before entering clinical settings is a topic of controversy. This was a cross-sectional study on the nursing students studying for a bachelor’s degree in Qazvin University of Medical Sciences selected through census sampling (n = 205). Data were collected by Lutzen's Moral Sensitivity Questionnaire and analyzed through statistical tests using SPSS 16. The level of significance was P < 0.05. In order to conduct the study, permission was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences. The mean of moral sensitivity was found to be 66.1 + 8.1, which is a moderate level. Of all the dimensions of moral sensitivity, "expressing benevolence" had the highest (16.9 ± 4.04) and "structuring moral sense" had the lowest (5.2 ± 1.45) mean scores. Among demographic variables, age was found to have a significant positive correlation with the score of moral sensitivity (r = 0.2, P = 0.01). Nursing students are relatively familiar with the ethical concepts of patient care, but that does not seem to be sufficed, as moral sensitivity is an extremely crucial factor in care. It is therefore recommended that the necessary training be provided to develop moral sensitivity in nursing students both in educational and practical environments.
A review of ghost fishing: scientific approaches to evaluation and solutions

Research on ghost fishing became active in the late 1980s. Ghost fishing has been confirmed for traps, gillnets, trammel-nets and small seine nets. Some lost traps are functional for a long period of time, even in shallow waters. Consequences for gillnets after loss depend on seabed conditions. The ghost fishing function of gillnets remaining on flat seabeds declines rapidly with decreasing heights and increasing visibility. Gillnets left tangled around an artificial reef, for example, three-dimensionally maintain the initial magnitude of ghost fishing for a long period of time, even after badly fouled. There are increasing numbers of researches working on the total number of mortality per gear after gear loss for gillnets and trammel-nets. It has become also possible to estimate the total number of mortality for a unit period of time in a certain fishing sector. This paper reviews research which has provided evidence and quantitative data on ghost fishing, and proposes five items important for future studies on ghost fishing.
The early socialization of aggressive victims of bullying.

This study reports the first prospective investigation of the early family experiences of boys who later emerged as both aggressive and bullied (i.e., aggressive victims) during their middle childhood years. It was hypothesized that a history of violent victimization by adults leads to emotion dysregulation that results in a dual pattern of aggressive behavior and victimization by peers. Interviews with mothers of 198 5-year-old boys assessed preschool home environments. Four to 5 years later, aggressive behavior and peer victimization were assessed in the school classroom. The early experiences of 16 aggressive victims were contrasted with those of 21 passive (nonaggressive) victims, 33 nonvictimized aggressors, and 128 normative boys. Analyses indicated that the aggressive victim group had experienced more punitive, hostile, and abusive family treatment than the other groups. In contrast, the nonvictimized aggressive group had a history of greater exposure to adult aggression and conflict, but not victimization by adults, than did the normative group, whereas the passive victim group did not differ from the normative group on any home environment variable.
Modernity and Islamic Spirituality in Indonesia's New Sufi Networks

Throughout much of the twentieth century, Indonesian Sufi traditions were subject to a dual marginalizanon. This came from within the local Muslim community by Muslim Modernists and, from the outside looking in, by social scientists using the Indonesian case to test theories about how religions fare m the process of modernization. At the turn into the twentieth century, Muslim Modernists in the Dutch East Indies, inspired by reformers in the Islamic heartlands of the Near East, undertook a new kind of revitalization of their religion (Azra, 2004; Noer, 1973). Not only did they seek to expunge local accretions to the pure faith of the Prophet Muhammad, as so many reformers had done in the past, but they sought to reopen Islam's canonical texts, the Qur'an and Hadith, to new interpretations (jjtihad) unprecedented in scope. Teir goal was to free the faith of archaisms and release its potential for spiritual leadership in the modem world.
Dielectric charging mechanisms in RF-MEMS capacitive switches

In this paper we present for the first time the simultaneous action of dipolar and space charge polarization charging mechanisms in the dielectric film of capacitive RF MEMS switches. These mechanisms charge the film surface with opposite charges. At room temperature the dominant mechanism is the space charge polarization while at higher temperatures the dipolar polarization prevails. In Si3N4 the transition occurs at about 380 K where the average charging is minimized, an information that can be used to engineer the dielectric properties so that the transition occurs at room temperature.
The Use of PLS When Analyzing Formative Constructs: Theoretical Analysis and Results From Simulations

Partial Least Squares (PLS) has become an increasingly popular approach to testing research models with multiple proposed causality links. Moreover, recent interest in the specification of constructs in a formative manner has accentuated this tendency, given the purported ability of PLS to handle this methodological development. While a review of the literature reveals an extensive use of PLS in this capacity, there is neither theoretical nor empirical evidence supporting this property of the technique. An examination of the inner workings of PLS shows several limitations of PLS when used in 'formative' (Mode B) estimation, and compares it to linear regression and covariance-based approaches. Results from Monte Carlo simulations comparing the performance of PLS and covariance-based techniques in estimating models with formatively specified constructs in either exogenous or endogenous positions reveals important biases for PLS, but not for covariance-based SEM. The results are discussed and recommendations for researchers are proposed.
Hair reduction using a new intense pulsed light irradiator and a normal mode ruby laser

OBJECTIVE : The main purpose of this clinical study was to compare the effectiveness of an intense pulsed light irradiator system (IPL) and a normal mode ruby laser for hair removal. MATERIALS AND METHODS : Thirty-one patients were treated 3 times with a new IPL system on one side of the chin and neck and with a normal mode ruby laser on the other side. After 6 months, nine of the patients received 3 additional IPL treatments and 11 patients received 3 additional ruby laser treatments. All treatment intervals were 2 months. Hair reduction was measured by hair counts on close-up photographs. RESULTS : Hair reduction was obtained by 93.5% of the patients after 3 IPL treatments and by 54.8% after 3 ruby laser treatments. The average hair count was reduced by 49.3% after IPL treatments and by 21.3% after ruby laser treatments. Three additional IPL treatments following 3 IPL treatments resulted in only 6.6% further hair reduction - in total 55.9%, whereas 3 IPL treatments following 3 ruby laser treatments resulted in an additional 35.5% hair reduction - in total 56.8%. CONCLUSIONS : The IPL was found to be 3.94 times more effective than the ruby laser for hair removal. In the chin and neck region, more than 3 treatments with the IPL did not improve the therapeutic result significantly.
Australian and New Zealand clinical practice guidelines for the management of adult deliberate self-harm.

BACKGROUND The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists is co-ordinating the development of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) in psychiatry, funded under the National Mental Health Strategy (Australia) and the New Zealand Health Funding Authority. METHOD For these guidelines, the CPG Team for Deliberate Self-harm reviewed the treatment outcome literature (including meta-analyses) and consulted with practitioners and patients. TREATMENT RECOMMENDATIONS (i) Organization of general hospital services to provide: emergency department admission; a safe environment; integrated medical and psychiatric management; risk assessment; identification of psychiatric morbidity, and adequate follow-up. (ii) Detection and treatment of any psychiatric disorder. (iii) Dialectical behaviour therapy, psychoanalytically orientated partial hospitalization or home-based interpersonal therapy (for certain patients) to reduce repetition of deliberate self-harm (DSH). CONCLUSION Deliberate self-harm is common and is costly in terms of both individual distress and service provision. General hospitals are often the first point of clinical contact, but may not be appropriately organized to care for these patients. Evidence for the effectiveness of psychological treatments is based on single RCTs without replication. The three recommended psychological treatments are not widely available in Australia and New Zealand, and the interventions that are, such as cognitive behaviour therapy, problem solving and 'green cards' (an agreement guaranteeing access to services), do not reduce repetition of DSH. The effect of follow-up in psychiatric hospitals or in the community is poorly understood. We need to develop and evaluate interventions that will reduce repetition of both fatal and non-fatal deliberate self-harm and improve the person's functioning and quality of life.