Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Emerging Role of Antineoplastic Agents in the Treatment of Keloids and Hypertrophic Scars: A Review

The management of keloids and hypertrophic scars continues to challenge health-care providers. Though both forms of pathologic scarring are distinct entities at the macro and microscopic level, their etiologies and treatment are often similar. Potential treatment approaches are progressing, and combinations of treatment options have been proposed in the literature with promising outcomes. The treatment evolution has reached a level where molecular therapeutic modalities are being investigated. Currently, no gold standard treatment exists. Overall success rates and patient satisfaction seem to be slowly climbing, but additional investigational studies must continue to be performed. Several studies have investigated antineoplastic agents, and there seems to be a marked improvement in rates of recurrence, patient satisfaction, and overall quality of scar when these agents are used. Intralesional injection and/or wound irrigation with interferon-a2b, interferon-g, mitomycin-C, bleomycin, or 5-fluorouracil seems to have a positive effect on the reduction of pathologic scars. There is mounting evidence that these drugs used alone or in combination therapy, have the potential to be an integral part of the treatment paradigm for hypertrophic scars and keloids.
Basic reproduction number of coxsackievirus type A6 and A16 and enterovirus 71: estimates from outbreaks of hand, foot and mouth disease in Singapore, a tropical city-state

SUMMARY Coxsackievirus A6 (CV-A6), coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) and enterovirus 71 (EV-A71) were the major enteroviruses causing nationwide hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) epidemics in Singapore in the last decade. We estimated the basic reproduction number (R 0) of these enteroviruses to obtain a better understanding of their transmission dynamics. We merged records of cases from HFMD outbreaks reported between 2007 and 2012 with laboratory results from virological surveillance. R 0 was estimated based on the cumulative number of reported cases in the initial growth phase of each outbreak associated with the particular enterovirus type. A total of 33 HFMD outbreaks were selected based on the inclusion criteria specified for our study, of which five were associated with CV-A6, 13 with CV-A16, and 15 with EV-A71. The median R 0 was estimated to be 5·04 [interquartile range (IQR) 3·57–5·16] for CV-A6, 2·42 (IQR 1·85–3·36) for CV-A16, and 3·50 (IQR 2·36–4·53) for EV-A71. R 0 was not significantly associated with number of infected children (P = 0·86), number of exposed children (P = 0·94), and duration of the outbreak (P = 0·05). These enterovirus-specific R 0 estimates will be helpful in providing insights into the potential growth of future HFMD epidemics and outbreaks for timely implementation of disease control measures, together with disease dynamics such as severity of the cases.
Multinational study of oestrogen and progesterone receptor immunocytochemistry on breast carcinoma fine needle aspirates

Ž. P. Marinšek, N. Nolde, I. Kardum‐Skelin, R. Nizzoli, B. Önal, T. Rezanko, E. Tani, K. T. Ostović, P. Vielh, F. Schmitt and G. Kocjan Multinational study of oestrogen and progesterone receptor immunocytochemistry on breast carcinoma fine needle aspirates
Knowledge Issues in the Introduction of CRM Systems: Tacit Knowledge, Psychological Contracts, Subcultures and Impacts

This exploratory case study research applies a processual analysis (Pettigrew, 1997) to the implementation of a Customer Relationship Management (CRM) system from a knowledge management perspective to a contemporary (1999-2004) situation within Birmingham City Council. A specific focus is given to areas neglected in previous CRM studies - sub-cultures, psychological contracts, how tacit knowledge is surfaced and transferred, and with what effects on implementation. It investigates how the system stakeholders and the information system (IS) itself evolved through encountering barriers, sharing knowledge, finding new uses, inventing work-arounds. A rich picture emerges of sub-cultural silos of knowledge linked with psychological contracts and power-based relationships influencing and inhibiting adoption and acceptance of the CRM system.
Characteristics of Land Use/Cover and Macroscopic Ecological Changes in the Headwaters of the Yangtze River and of the Yellow River over the Past 30 Years

Based on land use and land cover (LULC) datasets in the late 1970s, the early 1990s, 2004 and 2012, we analyzed characteristics of LULC change in the headwaters of the Yangtze River and Yellow River over the past 30 years contrastively, using the transition matrix and LULC change index. The results showed that, in 2012, the LULC in the headwaters of the Yellow River were different compared to those of the headwaters of the Yangtze River, with more grassland and wet- and marshland. In the past 30 years, the grassland and wet- and marshland increasing at the expense of sand, gobi, and bare land and desert were the main LULC change types in the headwaters of the Yangtze River, with the macro-ecological situation experiencing a process of degeneration, slight melioration, and continuous melioration, in that order. In the headwaters of the Yellow River, severe reduction of grassland coverage, shrinkage of wet- and marshland and the consequential expansion of sand, gobi and bare land were noticed. The macro-ecological situation experienced a process of degeneration, obvious degeneration, and slight melioration, in that order, and the overall change in magnitude was more dramatic than that in the headwaters of the Yangtze River. These different LULC change courses were jointly driven by climate change, grassland-grazing pressure, and the implementation of ecological construction projects.
Sense of coherence among the elderly in relation to their perceived life history in an Eriksonian perspective

Abstract The concept of 'sense of coherence' has been shown to be an important factor influencing wellbeing and health. In addition, remembrance of the past affects the wellbeing of the elderly. The present study investigated the relationship between sense of coherence and the perceived life history of elderly persons. We hypothesized that the manner in which the past is recalled and evaluated is influenced by, and in turn influences, the sense of coherence. Fifty-eight elderly individuals reported and evaluated their personal life stories, according to Erik H. Erikson's psychosocial stages of development. The sense of coherence was assessed using a Swedish translation of Antonovsky's original scale. Results indicated that the more positive the evaluation of the life history, the stronger the sense of coherence. Four of the Eriksonian developmental stages were found to be significantly correlated with sense of coherence: the conflicts about trust/mistrust, autonomy/shame, identity/identity diffusion, and .
Age Differences and Measurement Invariance of Working Memory in 5- to 12-Year-Old Children

In this study, we investigated working memory structure and measurement invariance of working memory in children between 5 and 12 years. In a sample of 1,669 children, we administered a battery of 12 computer-based working memory subtests. We found the same tripartite structure of working memory with a phonological loop, a visual-spatial sketchpad, and a central executive in the age groups 5–6 years, 7–9 years, and 10–12 years; interrelations of the latent factors were invariant across the age groups. Only the relationships between the phonological loop and the central executive were weaker in the 5- to 6-year-olds than in the older age groups. The results corroborate the tripartite working memory model developed by Baddeley (1986) and show that the functional relationships between working memory components are mostly invariant through childhood. In addition, the findings indicate that future research should focus on extending the model by a fourth factor representing inhibition.
Social and Psychological Wellbeing of Children from Divorced Families: Australian Research Findings

Abstract Several commentators have proposed that overseas research on the adverse sequelae of parental divorce is not applicable to Australia. Arguments supporting this are critically assessed and rejected. Australian studies show that parental divorce is associated with many problems in adolescence and adulthood: poor academic achievement, low self-esteem, psychological distress, delinquency, recidivism, substance use, sexual precocity, adult criminal offending, depression, and suicidal behaviour. Less is known about childhood outcomes. There is no scientific justification for disregarding the social and psychological significance of parental divorce, and the importance of support services for children and parents should not be underestimated.
An Empathetic Approach to Physical Education Teacher Education

The current crisis in societal obesity and other inactivity-related chronic health disorders has become a widespread concern in the United States. Physical Education (PE), with its propensity for physical activity, has the potential to provide solutions to many chronic health issues. However, a large body of literature suggests that generations of students have been “turned off” to lifelong physical activity because of negative experiences in traditional PE classes. A more student-centered approach may be needed to ensure that all students have an opportunity to lead a healthy, physical life. The purpose of this research study was to determine the effect of a semester-long empathy-focused educational intervention on empathy levels in 59 college-level students studying in Physical Education Teacher Education (PETE) Programs at three East-coast universities. A quantitative pre-post quasi-experimental design with control groups was used to measure changes in pre-existing empathy levels among participants. Subjects were given the Davis Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) empathy scale and a reflective essay assignment. Experimental groups participated in a curricular intervention involving an emphasis on empathy and affective educational practices. ANCOVA results revealed statistically significant findings in “Higher Order” empathy levels in the experimental groups, F (1, 49) = 4.36, p = . 04. Analysis of reflective essays also suggested a change in experimental group subjects’ personal view of PE toward an empathetic approach. Study strengths, weaknesses, and implications for future research and practice are discussed. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to express my most sincere appreciation to Dr. Susan Roush who spent countless hours working with me to make this project worthy of a dissertation. Thank you for your insight, guidance and belief in my work. Thank you to committee member Dr. Karen Castagno, for contributing valuable instruction, assistance, and enthusiasm, and to committee member Dr. Lori Ciccomascolo, for being a strong contributor and supporter of my professional endeavors. Thank you to committee member Dr. Roger Eldridge and committee Chair Dr. Margie Rogers for coming on board to help me when
Motivations of aspiring male and female entrepreneurs

SUMMARY This study examines the motives that stimulate individuals into becoming business proprietors. More specifically, it aims to discover if entrepreneurs have multiple motives for creating their enterprises, if non-economic motives predominate over economic ones, and if men and women have similar reasons for business founding. Results, based on personal interviews with 35 men and 34 women, indicate that both genders do have a variety of reasons for founding and that women, as well as men, are primarily motivated by autonomy, achievement, a desire for job satisfaction and other non-economic
The international student sojourn, identity conflict and threats to well-being

ABSTRACT This article reports findings from a qualitative (interview) study of the identity conflict experienced by five international students at a university in the south of England for whom real and perceived challenges to national self-image were shown to be unsettling. The article suggests that our cultures of origin are centrally important to our private and personal sense of self and it argues that counsellor educators and counsellors need to understand their students' and clients' emotional and behavioural problems in the context of their cultural identities. In this research, there was a strong emotional response to threats to collective identity, which appeared to be influenced by both the degree of students' cultural identification and their country's global standing. The following themes were generated from a thematic analysis and capture the essence of student responses to perceived derogation of their national identity: re-identifying with the culture of origin; allying with the West; resisting the discourse of western supremacy; and acquiescence with stigma. Of importance to all participants' perceptions of derogation was their location in the western world.
Special Education Implications of Point and Cumulative Prevalence for Children With Emotional or Behavioral Disorders

Prevalence of children with emotional or behavioral disorders (EBD) is a critical component in the discussion of underidentification of children served in special education. This discussion has previously focused almost exclusively on point prevalence or the number of children with EBD presumably needing services at any single point in time. Cumulative prevalence, on the other hand, is the number of children who have had EBD at some point in their lives before high school graduation. In the authors’ review of both types of prevalence, they found that estimates of the latter far exceed those of the former, significantly highlighting the service gap that exists between prevalence estimates and special education identification. Even when point prevalence is limited just to children with moderate or severe disorder, special education identification in the emotional disturbance category appears restricted to less than the bottom tenth of all children in need. Implications for special education are discussed, including issues around underidentification, misidentification, underservice, and related issues concerning children with EBD.
Attitudes Toward Teaching Children With Disabilities: Review of Literature and Research Paradigm

This review explores the known literature with respect to attitudes and introduces a criterion paradigm to aid future researchers in studying links to attitude behavior. Prior writing has varied from a more atheoretical study of attitude behavior to a focus using theories from other disciplines, most notably the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen, 1985). The premise of this paper is that attitude study should progress beyond basic description regarding profiles of pre and inservice teachers to the study of teacher and learner behaviors as a function of known attitude profiles and other mediating variables.
Tenascin-C and type I and III collagen expression in total Achilles tendon rupture. An immunohistochemical study.

UNLABELLED Tendon tissue degeneration and changes in collagen composition play a role in spontaneous rupture of the human Achilles tendon. Tenascin-C has been shown to be present in the tissue pathology and changes in tissue loading. We made an immunohistological study of the expression of tenascin-C and type I and III collagens in ruptured human Achilles tendons. METHODS Three tissue samples in ten individuals, one from the Achilles tendon rupture and two control samples from four and sixteen centimeters proximal in same tendon were collected at surgery. The specimen were fixed and labelled with specific antibodies to type I and III procollagens (PICP, PINP and PIIINP), mature type III collagen (IIINTP) and tenascin-C. The amount of reacting tissue was evaluated visually and graded on a semiquantitative scale. RESULTS No difference in the expression of tenascin-C was found between the sites. Instead, mature type III collagen content (p=0.008) and type III collagen synthesis (p=0.016) were significantly increased at the rupture site relative to the control site 2. The amount of newly synthesized type I collagen (PINP, PICP) was relatively high at all sites, as expected. CONCLUSION The expression of type III collagen is increased at the rupture site in the human Achilles tendon, but that of tenascin-C remains unchanged. This finding supports a tissue composition alteration background for Achilles tendon rupture, while the role of mechanical loading at the rupture site remains controversial.
Informational Centrality and Member Participation During Group Decision Making

This study examined whether participation during group decision-making discussions is affected by the degree to which members hold predominantly shared versus predominantly unshared decision-relevant information. Altogether, 115 three-person, same-sex groups completed a decision-making task in which a majority of the information held by a randomly selected target member either was also held by other members of the group (shared information) or was held by the target member alone (unshared information). It was found that in comparison to target members who held mostly shared information, targets who held only unshared information claimed fewer speaking turns and contributed fewer information-based comments during discussion. Further, holding unshared information appeared to depress participation to a greater extent than holding shared information facilitated participation, relative to a standard of equal participation across all members. These participation effects subsequently influenced target members’ agreement with their group’s eventual decision, with lower participation resulting in lower agreement. Thus, in addition to the negative consequences that unequally distributed information can have for the group as a whole, the present findings highlight a parallel set of negative consequences that can exist for individual members of the group.
4D CAF for localization of co-located, moving, and RF coincident emitters

The current state of the art for attempting to geolocate co-located, moving RF coincident emitters employs sensing from multiple moving sensors. In this case the RF coincident emitters will be transmitting similar but not identical RF signals overlapping temporally, spectrally and spatially, e.g. two nodes near each other simultaneously transmitting Wifi and Bluetooth. We use a set of distributed sensors to capture RF emissions, distribute compressed sample data to perform 4D cross ambiguity function (CAF), i.e. time difference of arrival (TDOA), frequency difference of arrival (FDOA), frequency rate difference of arrival (FRDOA), and cyclostationary feature extraction via spectral correlation function (SCF) to uniquely identify, categorize, geolocate and track each emitters.
Reply to Erceg-Hurn

clusions of the same abstract, we say that STPP may be effective for a range of medical and physical conditions. We further state that future research should include high-quality randomized and clinical effectiveness studies paying attention to healthcare use and costs. In the first paragraph of the discussion, we say that within the limitations of study quality and the effects of heterogeneity on statistical interpretability, our review suggests that STPP methods merely show promise as adjunct treatment or monotherapy. These caveats are underscored in our discussion of In response to the critique of our publication [1] we would like to provide the following comments. First, in contrast to Erceg-Hurn’s statement, our aim was studying both randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and pre-post design studies: this is clearly stated in the methods section. This was thus a parallel study to the one of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) [2] for somatic disorders, which also included RCTs, non-RCTs, and individual and group formats of CBT. In relation to fixedversus random-effect modeling, the latter is not a panacea for addressing heterogeneity [3] . Heterogeneity has to be handled in a number of ways, all of which we have done. Firstly, and most importantly, we highlighted the issue and urged caution when interpreting the results. Secondly, we have attempted to explore the reasons for the heterogeneity and tried to explain it. Thirdly, we have considered the effect of excluding poorer-quality studies from the review in terms of RCT designs and study quality scores. In addition, the random-effect approach relies on assumptions that the studies are a random sample from a hypothetical population of studies and that the heterogeneity between studies can be represented by a single variance. With this group of studies, this is unlikely the case. There is also the concern that random-effect modeling places more weight on the results of smaller studies than the fixedeffect approach. Such studies are often of poorer quality and may be more susceptible to publication bias than larger studies [3] . Sensitivity analyses of the effect of using one model or another are one way of exploring the issue, which is again what we did [3] . Erceg-Hurn states that in our paper we assert, without qualification, ‘that short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) has significant effects on physical symptoms, psychiatric symptoms and social adjustment, which were maintained at long-term follow-up’. This could not be further from the truth. In the conReceived: September 6, 2010 Accepted: September 8, 2010 Published online: March 9, 2011
Effect of field stimulation on cellular repolarization in rabbit myocardium. Implications for reentry induction.

We have investigated the effects of electric field stimulation on membrane repolarization in rabbit papillary muscles and assessed the consequences of these effects for the dispersion of intracellular potentials and the production of a propagation wave front or unidirectional block in relatively refractory tissue. The stimuli studied had electric field strength of 0.25-14 V/cm, duration of 2 msec, and field orientation along or across the myocardial fibers. The field strengths to excite the muscles in diastole were 0.68 or 1.23 V/cm for stimuli oriented along or across the fibers, respectively (p less than 0.01, along versus across). A 2.5-V/cm stimulus given near the end of the action potential (AP) produced either no response or, after increasing the stimulus delay only 2-3 msec, a full response with almost no AP durations that were intermediate. For stimulation along and across the fibers, respectively, given at 70% of the AP duration, a 4-V/cm stimulus produced AP prolongation (measured at 90% repolarization) of 20% and 4% (p less than 0.05), an 8-V/cm stimulus produced AP prolongation of 36% and 20% (p less than 0.05), and a 14-V/cm stimulus produced AP prolongation of 36% and 30% (p = NS). For either orientation, AP prolongation by stimuli of 8 V/cm or 14 V/cm increased gradually as the stimulus delay was increased. The different effects in relatively refractory tissue of stimuli of 2.5 V/cm compared with 8 V/cm can explain the propagation wave front and block that occur with electrically induced functional reentry in the heart. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Rhythm in Music: What is it? Who has it? And Why?

This article explores human rhythmic abilities and behaviors within a framework of evolutionary theory highlighting the need for research in this area to be grounded upon solid psychologically valid definitions of rhythm. A wide-ranging cross-species comparison of rhythmic or quasi-rhythmic behaviors is presented with a view to exploring possible homologies and homoplasies to rhythm in human music. Sustained musical pulse and period correction mechanisms are put forward as human-specific and music-specific traits. Finally hypotheses as to why these abilities may have been selected for—and uniquely selected for—in the course of human evolution are explored.