Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antiinflammatory Effects of Tetradecylthioacetic Acid Involve Both Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor α–Dependent and –Independent Pathways

Objective—Tetradecylthioacetic acid (TTA) is a hypolipidemic antioxidant with immunomodulating properties involving activation of peroxisome proliferator–activated receptors (PPARs). Human endothelial cells express PPARs. We hypothesized that TTA could modulate endothelial cell activation at least partly through PPAR-related mechanisms. Methods and Results—We explored this hypothesis by different experimental approaches involving both in vitro studies in human endothelial cells (HUVECs) and in vivo studies in humans and PPAR-α−/− mice. Our main findings were as follows: (1) TTA suppressed the tumor necrosis factor α–induced expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1) and interleukin 8 (IL-8) in HUVECs. (2) No TTA-mediated attenuation of VCAM-1 and chemokine expression was seen in the liver of PPAR-α−/− mice. (3) Whereas TTA markedly enhanced PPAR-α–target genes in the liver of wild-type, but not of PPAR-α−/−, mice, no such effect on PPAR-α–target genes was seen in HUVECs. (4) The relevance of our findings to human disease was suggested by a TTA-mediated downregulation of serum levels of soluble VCAM-1 and IL-8 in psoriasis patients. Conclusion—We show that TTA has the ability to attenuate tumor necrosis factor α–mediated endothelial cell activation, further supporting antiinflammatory effects of this fatty acid, possibly involving both PPAR-α–dependent and –independent pathways.
Dynamics and Stability Issues of a Single-Inductor Dual-Switching DC–DC Converter

A single-inductor two-input two-output power electronic dc-dc converter can be used to regulate two generally nonsymmetric positive and negative outputs by means of a pulsewidth modulation with a double voltage feedback. This paper studies the dynamic behavior of this system. First, the operation modes and the steady-state properties of the converter are addressed, and, then, a stability analysis that includes both the power stage and control parameters is carried out. Different bifurcations are determined from the averaged model and from the discrete-time model. The Routh-Hurwitz criterion is used to obtain the stability regions of the averaged (slow-scale) dynamics in the design parameter space, and a discrete-time approach is used to obtain more accurate results and to detect possible (fast-scale) subharmonic oscillations. Experimental measurements were taken from a system prototype to confirm the analytical results and numerical simulations. Some possible nonsmooth bifurcations due to the change in the switching patterns are also illustrated.
Lessons about likelihood functions from nuclear physics

Least‐squares data analysis is based on the assumption that the normal (Gaussian) distribution appropriately characterizes the likelihood, that is, the conditional probability of each measurement d, given a measured quantity y, p(d|y). On the other hand, there is ample evidence in nuclear physics of significant disagreements among measurements, which are inconsistent with the normal distribution, given their stated uncertainties. In this study the histories of 99 measurements of the lifetimes of five elementary particles are examined to determine what can be inferred about the distribution of their values relative to their stated uncertainties. Taken as a whole, the variations in the data are somewhat larger than their quoted uncertainties would indicate. These data strongly support using a Student t distribution for the likelihood function instead of a normal. The most probable value for the order of the t distribution is 2.6±0.9. It is shown that analyses based on long‐tailed t‐distribution likelihoods .
East Asian Monsoon History and Paleoceanography of the Japan Sea Over the Last 460,000 Years

The Japan Sea is directly influenced by the Asian monsoon, a system that transports moisture and heat across southeast Asia during the boreal summer, and is a major driver of the Earth's ocean‐atmospheric circulation. Foraminiferal and facies analyses of a 460‐kyr record from Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Expedition 346 Site U1427 in the Japan Sea reveal a record of nutrient flux and oxygenation that varied due to sea level and East Asian monsoon intensity. The East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) was most intense during marine isotope stage (MIS) 5e, MIS 7e, MIS 9e, and MIS 11c when the Tsushima Warm Current flowed into an unrestricted well‐mixed normal salinity Japan Sea, whereas East Asian winter monsoon (EAWM) conditions dominated MIS 2, MIS 4, MIS 6, and MIS 8 when sea level minima restricted the Japan Sea resulting in low‐salinity and oxygen conditions in the absence of Tsushima flow. Reduced oxygen stratified, low‐salinity, and higher productivity oceanic conditions characterize Terminations TV, TIII, TII, and TI when East China Sea coastal waters breached the Tsushima Strait. Chinese loess, cave, and Lake Biwa (Japan) and U1427 proxy records suggest EASM intensification during low to high insolation transitions, whereas the strongest EAWM prevailed during lowest insolation periods or high to low insolation transitions. Ice sheet/CO2 forcing leads to the strongest EAWM events in glacials and enhanced EASM in interglacials. Mismatches between proxy patterns suggest that latitudinal and land/sea thermal contrasts played a role in East Asian monsoon variability, suggesting that a complex interplay between ice sheet dynamics, insolation, and thermal gradients controls monsoonal intensity.
A Comparison of WordNet and Roget’s Taxonomy for Measuring Semantic Similarity

This paper presents the results of using Roget’s International Thesaurus as the taxonomy in a semantic similarity measurement task. Four similarity metrics were taken from the literature and applied to Roget’s. The experimental evaluation suggests that the traditional edge counting approach does surprisingly well (a correlation of r=0.88 with a benchmark set of human similarity judgements, with an upper bound of r=0.90 for human subjects performing the same task.)
StellaBase: The Nematostella vectensis Genomics Database

StellaBase, the Nematostella vectensis Genomics Database, is a web-based resource that will facilitate desktop and bench-top studies of the starlet sea anemone. Nematostella is an emerging model organism that has already proven useful for addressing fundamental questions in developmental evolution and evolutionary genomics. StellaBase allows users to query the assembled Nematostella genome, a confirmed gene library, and a predicted genome using both keyword and homology based search functions. Data provided by these searches will elucidate gene family evolution in early animals. Unique research tools, including a Nematostella genetic stock library, a primer library, a literature repository and a gene expression library will provide support to the burgeoning Nematostella research community. The development of StellaBase accompanies significant upgrades to CnidBase, the Cnidarian Evolutionary Genomics Database. With the completion of the first sequenced cnidarian genome, genome comparison tools have been added to CnidBase. In addition, StellaBase provides a framework for the integration of additional species-specific databases into CnidBase. StellaBase is available at http://www.stellabase. org.
Cropping Systems and their Diversity in Khulna Region

This study includes the existing cropping pattern, cropping intensity and crop diversity of Khulna region. A pre-designed and pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect the information and validated through organizing workshop. Single T. Aman cropping pattern was the most dominant cropping pattern in Khulna region existed in 17 out of 25 upazilas. Boro-Fallow-T. Aman cropping pattern ranked the second position distributed almost in all upazilas. Boro-Fish was the third cropping pattern in the region distributed to 17 upazilas with the major share in Chitalmari, Dumuria, Rupsha, Tala, Kalaroa, Mollahat, Terokhada, Bagerhat sadar, Fakirhat, Rampal and Phultala upazilas. Single Boro rice was recorded as the fourth cropping pattern covered 18 upazilas with the higher share in waterlogged area of Dumuria, Mollahat, Tala, Bagerhat sadar, Fakirhat and Rampal. The highest number of cropping patterns was recorded in Kalaroa (26) followed by Tala (24) and the lowest was reported in Mongla (5). The overall crop diversity index (CDI) for the region was 0.93. The highest CDI was in Tala (0.95) and the lowest in Dacope (0.42). The average cropping intensity (CI) of the Khulna region was 171% with the lowest in Mongla (101%) and the highest in Kalaroa (224%). Bangladesh Rice j. 2017, 21(2): 203-215
Forecasting Hourly Water Demands With Seasonal Autoregressive Models for Real‐Time Application

Consumer water demands are not typically measured at temporal or spatial scales adequate to support real‐time decision making, and recent approaches for estimating unobserved demands using observed hydraulic measurements are generally not capable of forecasting demands and uncertainty information. While time series modeling has shown promise for representing total system demands, these models have generally not been evaluated at spatial scales appropriate for representative real‐time modeling. This study investigates the use of a double‐seasonal time series model to capture daily and weekly autocorrelations to both total system demands and regional aggregated demands at a scale that would capture demand variability across a distribution system. Emphasis was placed on the ability to forecast demands and quantify uncertainties with results compared to traditional time series pattern‐based demand models as well as nonseasonal and single‐seasonal time series models. Additional research included the implementation of an adaptive‐parameter estimation scheme to update the time series model when unobserved changes occurred in the system. For two case studies, results showed that (1) for the smaller‐scale aggregated water demands, the log‐transformed time series model resulted in improved forecasts, (2) the double‐seasonal model outperformed other models in terms of forecasting errors, and (3) the adaptive adjustment of parameters during forecasting improved the accuracy of the generated prediction intervals. These results illustrate the capabilities of time series modeling to forecast both water demands and uncertainty estimates at spatial scales commensurate for real‐time modeling applications and provide a foundation for developing a real‐time integrated demand‐hydraulic model.
Developmental expression of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate glutamate receptor 1 splice variants in the chick retina

Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate retina. The N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate glutamate receptor (NMDAR) is assembled as a tetramer containing NR1 and NR2, and possibly NR3 subunits, NR1 being essential for the formation of the ion channel. The NMDAR1 (NR1) gene encodes for mRNAs that generate at least eight functional variants by alternative splicing of exon 5 (cassette N1), 21 (cassette C1), or 22 (cassettes C2 or C2′). NR1 splice variants were identified in the mature chick retina, and their variation during embryonic development (ED) was analyzed. NR1 was shown to lack N1 in early ED, shifting to N1‐containing variants in the mature retina, which could contribute to explaining the distinct biochemical properties of retinal NMDARs compared with the CNS. Sequence analysis of C‐terminal variants containing C1 and C2 cassettes suggests a membrane‐targeting mechanism for avian NMDARs distinct from that in mammals. An NR1 variant containing a novel alternative C‐terminal splice exon named C3 was found, which encodes six amino acids containing a predicted casein kinase II phosphorylation site. This new variant is expressed in the retina during a restricted period of ED, coincident with the generation of spontaneous calcium activity waves, which precedes synapse formation in the retina, suggesting its participation in this process. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Representing 2-Dimensional Critical Pairs

Polygraphs generalize to n-categories the usual notion of equational theory, thus allowing one to describe a category by the means of generators and relations. When the relations are oriented, such a presentation can be considered as a rewriting system and one might wonder whether the rewriting system is confluent and terminating in order to provide a notion of canonical representative of morphisms modulo equations (the normal forms of the morphisms). In term rewriting systems, confluence is often proved by computing the critical pairs, which are in finite number, and showing that they are joinable. We extend here this methodology to polygraphs presenting 2-categories. This task is not straightforward because a finite polygraph might admit an infinite number of critical pairs. This leads us to introduce the multicategory of contexts of the free compact 2-category generated by a 2-category, in which we can embed the original 2-category generated by the polygraph and compute a finite number of morphisms which generate all the critical pairs. We also introduce polygraphic nets, which are a concrete representation of contexts. These theoretical tools allow us to finally describe an algorithm for computing generating families of critical pairs in 2-dimensional polygraphs. Term rewriting systems have proven very useful to reason about terms modulo equations. In some cases, the equations can be oriented and completed in a way giving rise to a convergent (that is both confluent and terminating) rewriting system, thus providing a notion of canonical representative of equivalence classes of terms. Usually, the terms are freely generated by a signature (Σn)n∈N, which consists of a family of sets Σn of generators of arity n, and one considers equational theories on such a signature, which consist of equations formalized by pairs of terms freely generated by the signature. For example, the equational theory of monoids contains two generators m and e, whose arities are respectively 2 and 0, and three equations m(m(x, y), z) = m(x,m(y, z)) m(e, x) = x and m(x, e) = x (1) ∗CEA LIST, Laboratory for the Modelling and Analysis of Interacting Systems, Point Courrier 94, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. E-mail: samuel.mimram@cea.fr. This work was started while I was in the PPS team (CNRS – Univ. Paris 7) and has been supported by the CHOCO (“Curry Howard pour la Concurrence”, ANR-07-BLAN-0324) French ANR.
LightNet: A Lightweight 3D Convolutional Neural Network for Real-Time 3D Object Recognition

With the rapid growth of 3D data, accurate and efficient 3D object recognition becomes a major problem. Machine learning methods have achieved the state-of-the-art performance in the area, especially for deep convolutional neural networks. However, existing network models have high computational cost and are unsuitable for real-time 3D object recognition applications. In this paper, we propose LightNet, a lightweight 3D convolutional neural network for real-time 3D object recognition. It achieves comparable accuracy to the state-of-the-art methods with a single model and extremely low computational cost. Experiments have been conducted on the ModelNet and Sydney Urban Objects datasets. It is shown that our model improves the VoxNet model by relative 17.4% and 23.1% on the ModelNet10 and ModelNet40 benchmarks with less than 67% of training parameters. It is also demonstrated that the model can be applied in real-time scenarios.
Effect of Phosphorus and Bio-fertilizers on Yield, Nutrient Content and Uptake of Urban [Vigna mungo (l.) Hepper]

Pulses are the main source of dietary protein particularly for vegetarians and contribute about 14 per cent of the total protein of average Indian diet. Urdbean [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper] is among the major pulses grown throughout the country during both in summer and rainy season. It is a self pollinated leguminous crop containing 24% protein. The duration of the crop is very short; it fits well in various multiple and intercropping systems. After removing pods, its plant may be used as good quality green or dry fodder or green manure. Being a legume, it also enriches soil by fixing atmospheric nitrogen. Phosphorus is a universally deficient plant nutrient in most of the soils of Rajasthan, particular in light textured soils. Application of phosphorus to pulse crop has been found very effective and International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 5 (2017) pp. 2144-2151 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com
Measuring network security using dynamic bayesian network

Given the increasing dependence of our societies on networked information systems, the overall security of these systems should be measured and improved. Existing security metrics have generally focused on measuring individual vulnerabilities without considering their combined effects. Our previous work tackle this issue by exploring the causal relationships between vulnerabilities encoded in an attack graph. However, the evolving nature of vulnerabilities and networks has largely been ignored. In this paper, we propose a Dynamic Bayesian Networks (DBNs)-based model to incorporate temporal factors, such as the availability of exploit codes or patches. Starting from the model, we study two concrete cases to demonstrate the potential applications. This novel model provides a theoretical foundation and a practical framework for continuously measuring network security in a dynamic environment.
Workaholism: are physicians at risk?

BACKGROUND Work addiction (WA), often called 'workaholism', is a relatively recent concept that has not yet been clearly defined. Ongoing studies have found prevalence rates that are highly variable due to the diversity of the models used and the populations studied. AIMS To assess the characteristics of WA among hospital medical staff. METHODS All physicians practising at a French university hospital were invited to participate in a survey based on two questionnaires: the Work Addiction Risk Test (WART) for WA and the Job Contents Questionnaire (JCQ) to assess psychosocial constraints at work. RESULTS There were 444 responding physicians. The response rate was 45%. Thirteen per cent of respondents were considered to be highly work addicted and a further 35% were considered mildly work addicted. Professors had the highest average WART score, but neither age nor sex was associated with WA. Furthermore, all 3D scores obtained using the JCQ correlated with the WART score; the highest correlation coefficient being obtained between the WART score and the job demands score, indicating that workaholics experienced high job demands. CONCLUSIONS WA especially affects professors, who have the highest status amongst doctors in the hospital hierarchy. This study highlights the importance of constraints and workload, which are consistent with individual vulnerability factors. These factors may help identify ways of preventing and managing this type of addiction, through improvement of working conditions and organizational structures.
Cardiolipin-mediated procoagulant activity of mitochondria contributes to traumatic brain injury-associated coagulopathy in mice.

Cardiolipin (CL) is an anionic phospholipid located exclusively in the mitochondrial inner membrane. Its presence in blood indicates mitochondrial damage and release from injured cells. Here, we report the detection of CL-exposed brain-derived mitochondrial microparticles (mtMPs) at 17 547 ± 2677/μL in the peripheral blood of mice subjected to fluid percussion injury to the brain. These mtMPs accounted for 55.2% ± 12.6% of all plasma annexin V-binding microparticles found in the acute phase of injury. They were also released from cultured neuronal and glial cells undergoing apoptosis. The mtMPs synergized with platelets to facilitate vascular leakage by disrupting the endothelial barrier. The disrupted endothelial barrier allowed the release of mtMPs into the systemic circulation to promote coagulation in both traumatically injured and mtMP- or CL-injected mice, leading to enhanced fibrinolysis, vascular fibrin deposition, and thrombosis. This mtMP-induced coagulation was mediated by CL transported from the inner to the outer mitochondrial membrane and was blocked by the scavenging molecule lactadherin. The mtMP-bound CL was ∼1600 times as active as purified CL in promoting coagulation. This study uncovered a novel procoagulant activity of CL and CL-exposed mitochondria that may contribute to traumatic brain injury-associated coagulopathy and identified potential pathways to block this activity.
Ficin-Treated Red Cells Help Identify Clinically Significant Alloantibodies Masked as Reactions of Undetermined Specificity in Gel Microtubes

Non-specific antibodies or antibodies of undetermined significance (AUS) often pose problems for a blood bank technologist and physician. It is well known that antibodies can weaken and evanesce over time, thus eluding detection by routine blood bank techniques. Special enhancement techniques exist (eg, ficin treatment); however, they are often underutilized due to concerns over expense. Ficin is known to enhance reactivity caused by antibodies in the ABO, Rh, Kidd, Lewis, I, and P blood group systems, while destroying reactivity of antibodies in the Duffy, and MNS blood group systems. Herein, we discuss our protocol for using ficin treatment to determine the specificity of antibodies that would otherwise be classified as AUS. Of the 97 AUS specimens that were treated with ficin, we were able to identify 25 new alloantibodies that would have otherwise been missed without ficin treatment. Thus, we believe our protocol enhances transfusion safety, while minimizing additional workload and cost.
Série Scientifique Scientific Series 2009 s-32 Option Valuation with Conditional Heteroskedasticity and Non-Normality

We provide results for the valuation of European style contingent claims for a large class of specifications of the underlying asset returns. Our valuation results obtain in a discrete time, infinite state-space setup using the no-arbitrage principle and an equivalent martingale measure. Our approach allows for general forms of heteroskedasticity in returns, and valuation results for homoskedastic processes can be obtained as a special case. It also allows for conditional non-normal return innovations, which is critically important because heteroskedasticity alone does not suffice to capture the option smirk. We analyze a class of equivalent martingale measures for which the resulting risk-neutral return dynamics are from the same family of distributions as the physical return dynamics. In this case, our framework nests the valuation results obtained by Duan (1995) and Heston and Nandi (2000) by allowing for a time-varying price of risk and non-normal innovations. We provide extensions of these results to more general equivalent martingale measures and to discrete time stochastic volatility models, and we analyze the relation between our results and those obtained for continuous time models.