Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Multi-Paradigm Modeling Framework to Simulate Dynamic Reciprocity in a Bioreactor

Despite numerous technology advances, bioreactors are still mostly utilized as functional black-boxes where trial and error eventually leads to the desirable cellular outcome. Investigators have applied various computational approaches to understand the impact the internal dynamics of such devices has on overall cell growth, but such models cannot provide a comprehensive perspective regarding the system dynamics, due to limitations inherent to the underlying approaches. In this study, a novel multi-paradigm modeling platform capable of simulating the dynamic bidirectional relationship between cells and their microenvironment is presented. Designing the modeling platform entailed combining and coupling fully an agent-based modeling platform with a transport phenomena computational modeling framework. To demonstrate capability, the platform was used to study the impact of bioreactor parameters on the overall cell population behavior and vice versa. In order to achieve this, virtual bioreactors were constructed and seeded. The virtual cells, guided by a set of rules involving the simulated mass transport inside the bioreactor, as well as cell-related probabilistic parameters, were capable of displaying an array of behaviors such as proliferation, migration, chemotaxis and apoptosis. In this way the platform was shown to capture not only the impact of bioreactor transport processes on cellular behavior but also the influence that cellular activity wields on that very same local mass transport, thereby influencing overall cell growth. The platform was validated by simulating cellular chemotaxis in a virtual direct visualization chamber and comparing the simulation with its experimental analogue. The results presented in this paper are in agreement with published models of similar flavor. The modeling platform can be used as a concept selection tool to optimize bioreactor design specifications.
A Frame-Based Theory of Information Behavior: A Grounded Theory Study

s on Human factors in computing systems. Richardson, G. P., Andersen, D. F. , Maxwell, T. A. , & Stewart, T. R. (1994). Foundations of mental model research. Proceedings of the 1994 International System Dynamics Conference (pp. 181–192). Rittel, H. W. , & Webber, M. M. (1973). Dilemmas in a general theory of planning. Policy sciences, 4(2), 155–169. Rorty, R. (1989). Contingency, Irony, and Solidarty. New York: Cambridge University Press. Sartre, J.-P., Elkaïm-Sartre, A. , & Hoare, Q. (2006). Critique of Dialectical Reason. Verso. Savolainen, R. (1997). Everyday life communication and information seeking in networks. Internet Research-Electronic Networking Applications and Policy, 7(1), 69–70. Schön, D. A. , & Rein, M. (1994). Frame reflection: toward the resolution of intractable policy controversies. New York: Basic Books. Sen, A. (1970). Collective choice and social welfare. North-Holland Publishing Co. Senge, P. M. (1994). The fifth discipline : the art and practice of the learning organization. New York :: Doubleday/Currency. Shannon, C. E. (1948). A Mathematical Theory of Communication. Bell System Technical Journal, 27, 379–423.
Generalized Envelope Theorems

We develop new envelope theorems for a broad class of parameterized nonsmooth optimization problems typical of economic applications where nonconvexities play a key role. We provide su¢ cient conditions for the value function of a nonconvex and nonsmooth Lipschitz program to be locally Lipschitz. We obtain bounds for upper and lower Dini derivatives of this value function, as well as su¢ cient conditions for the
Anticancer Compound Plumbagin and Its Molecular Targets: A Structural Insight into the Inhibitory Mechanisms Using Computational Approaches

Plumbagin (5-hydroxy-2-methyl-1,4-naphthoquinone) is a naphthoquinone derivative from the roots of plant Plumbago zeylanica and belongs to one of the largest and diverse groups of plant metabolites. The anticancer and antiproliferative activities of plumbagin have been observed in animal models as well as in cell cultures. Plumbagin exerts inhibitory effects on multiple cancer-signaling proteins, however, the binding mode and the molecular interactions have not yet been elucidated for most of these protein targets. The present study is the first attempt to provide structural insights into the binding mode of plumbagin to five cancer signaling proteins viz. PI3Kγ, AKT1/PKBα, Bcl-2, NF-κB, and Stat3 using molecular docking and (un)binding simulation analysis. We validated plumbagin docking to these targets with previously known important residues. The study also identified and characterized various novel interacting residues of these targets which mediate the binding of plumbagin. Moreover, the exact modes of inhibition when multiple mode of inhibition existed was also shown. Results indicated that the engaging of these important interacting residues in plumbagin binding leads to inhibition of these cancer-signaling proteins which are key players in the pathogenesis of cancer and thereby ceases the progression of the disease.
Using Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict the protein and energy digestibility of lupin kernel meals when fed to rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss

This study examined the potential of using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to predict the nutrient composition, energy density and the digestible protein and digestible energy values of lupin kernel meals when fed to rainbow trout. A series of 136 lupin kernel meals were assessed for their protein and energy digestibilities using the diet-substitution approach in a series of 10 experiments over a 6-year period from 2002 to 2008. Two reference diets were also included in each experiment. Minimal variance in the digestibility parameters of both reference diets was observed among the experiments ensuring that there was a high degree of robustness in the across-experiment evaluations. The same lupin kernel meal samples were also scanned using a diode array near infrared spectrophotometer (DA-NIRS). The spectra obtained by the DA-NIRS were chemometrically calibrated against both the chemical composition and the digestible value data using multivariate analysis software. The cross validation tests used in this study provide a valid indication of the potential to predict the nutrient composition, energy value and digestible protein and energy values of the lupin kernel meals as used in diets for rainbow trout. That the standard errors of cross validation (SECV) of the parameters investigated were generally commensurate with the cross trial variation seen in the reference sample indicating robust calibrations for the two target parameters of digestible protein and digestible energy. Therefore this study demonstrates that within one raw material type that not only does significant variability in the digestible value of the raw materials exist, but that it is possible to use NIRS technology to provide rapid estimates of the digestible value of those raw materials in near real-time.
The soft X-ray properties of quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

We use the ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RASS) to study the soft X-ray properties of a homogeneous sample of 46 420 quasars selected from the third data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Optical luminosities, both at rest frame 2500 angstrom (L-2500) and in [O III] (L-[O III]) span more than three orders of magnitude, while redshifts range over 0.1 < z < 5.4. We detect 3366 quasars directly in the observed 0.1-2.4 keV band. Subsamples of radio-loud quasars (RLQs) and radio-quiet quasars (RQQs) are obtained by cross-matching with the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-cm (FIRST) catalogue. We study the distribution of X-ray luminosity as a function of optical luminosity, redshift and radio power using both individual detections and stacks of complete sets of similar quasars. At every optical luminosity and redshift log L-2keV is, to a good approximation, normally distributed with dispersion similar to 0.40, at least brightwards of the median X-ray luminosity. This median X-ray luminosity of quasars is a power law of optical luminosity with index similar to 0.53 for L-2500 and similar to 0.30 for L-[O III]. RLQs are systematically brighter than RQQs by about a factor of 2 at given optical luminosity. The zero-points of these relations increase systematically with redshift, possibly in different ways for RLQs and RQQs. Evolution is particularly strong at low redshift and if the optical luminosity is characterized by L-[O III]. At low redshift and at given L-[O III] the soft X-ray emission from type II active galactic nucleus (AGN) is more than 100 times weaker than that from type I AGN.
Collusive Bidder Behavior at Single-Object Second-Price and English Auctions

Models of collusive bidder behavior at single-object second-price and English auctions are provided. The ind ependent private values model is generalized to permit the formulatio n of coalitions and a strategic response by the auctioneer. Cooperati ve strategies are found to be dominant in these models; coalitions of any size are viable, and the payoff to each member increases with th e size of the coalition. In addition, the collusive strategies of the coalition represent a noncooperative equilibrium. The optimal respon se of the auctioneer is to establish a reserve price that is a functi on of the coalition's size. These and other features of the model are found to be consistent with the essential features of actual behavio r. Copyright 1987 by University of Chicago Press.
The impact of critical success factors across the stages of enterprise resource planning implementations

The paper describes the impact of critical success factors (CSFs) across the stages of enterprise resource planning (ERP) implementations using the responses from 86 organizations that completed or are in the process of completing an ERP implementation. Our results provide advice to management on how best to utilize their limited resources to choose those CSFs that are most likely to have an impact upon the implementation of the ERP system.
Links between Tenure Security and Food Security: Evidence from Ethiopia

This study uses five rounds of household panel data from Tigray, Ethiopia, collected in the period 1998–2010 to assess the impacts of a land registration and certification program that aimed to strengthen tenure security and how it has contributed to increased food availability and, thus, food security in this food-deficit region. Results show that land certification appears to have contributed to enhanced calorie availability (calorie intake), and more so for female-headed households, either through enhanced land rental market participation or increased investment and productivity on owner-operated land. Results also show that members of households that accessed additional land through the land rental market had a significantly higher body mass index.
Comparison of the Modified Transtibial Technique, Anteromedial Portal Technique and Outside-in Technique in ACL Reconstruction

Purpose To compare clinical and radiographic results of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction using modified transtibial technique (mTT), anteromedial (AM) portal technique and outside-in (OI) technique. Materials and Methods From March 2007 to December 2012, ACL reconstruction was performed using the mTT, AM portal technique and OI technique in 20 patients each. Anteroposterior and rotational stability were assessed using the GNRB arthrometer and pivot-shift test. Femoral tunnel obliquity was measured on the anteroposterior and lateral radiographs. Results Tegner score, Lysholm score, International Knee Documentation Committee score, pivot-shift test were improved at final follow-up in all three groups. However, statistical difference was not shown. Side-to-side difference in GNRB arthrometer was average of 1.4 mm, 1.0 mm and 0.9 mm in mTT, AM and OI group, showing the signicant difference between mTT and AM/OI groups (p<0.001). The mean femoral tunnel obliquity was 56.4° in the mTT group, 39.4° in the AM group and 33.6° in the OI group, showing significant intergroup difference (p<0.001). It showed the significant difference among three groups (p<0.001). Conclusions Clinical results were improved in all three groups. Femoral tunnel obliquity in AM and OI were more horizontal on the coronal plane. They are thought to have more benefits in oblique positioning of the grafted ACL in rotational stability; however, there was no significant difference among three techniques in pivot-shift test to assess the rotational stability in this study.
Oral health in female patients with eating disorders

Abstract The study aimed to evaluate oral health in women with eating disorders. The clinical study covered 30 patients aged 14-36 years suffering from diagnosed eating disorders and treated in closed psychiatric institutions. The control group comprised 30 healthy women at the mean age corresponding to that of the patient group. No relationships were confirmed between eating disorders and the intensity of dental caries. Eating disorders contribute to increased loss of dental hard tissues. In women suffering from eating disorders non-specific lesions in oral cavity are more common than in healthy women.
A Large Stellar Evolution Database for Population Synthesis Studies. II. Stellar Models and Isochrones for an α-enhanced Metal Distribution

We present a large, new set of stellar evolution models and isochrones for an α-enhanced metal distribution typical of Galactic halo and bulge stars; it represents a homogeneous extension of our stellar model library for a scaled-solar metal distribution already presented by Pietrinferni et al. The effect of the α-element enhancement has been properly taken into account in the nuclear network, opacity, equation of state, and for the first time in the bolometric corrections and color transformations. This allows us to avoid the inconsistent use—common to all α-enhanced model libraries currently available—of scaled-solar bolometric corrections and color transformations for α-enhanced models and isochrones. We show how bolometric corrections to magnitudes obtained for the U, B portion of stellar spectra for Teff ≤ 6500 K are significantly affected by the metal mixture, especially at the higher metallicities. Our models cover both an extended mass range (between 0.5 and 10 M☉, with a fine mass spacing) and a broad metallicity range, including 11 values of the metal mass fraction Z, corresponding to the range -2.6 ≤ [Fe/H] ≤ 0.05. The initial He mass fraction is Y = 0.245 for the most metal-poor models, and it increases with Z, according to ΔY/ΔZ = 1.4. Models with and without the inclusion of overshoot from the convective cores during the central H-burning phase are provided, as well as models with different mass loss efficiencies. We also provide complete sets of evolutionary models for low-mass, He-burning stellar structures cover the whole metallicity range. This database, used in combination with our scaled-solar model library, is a valuable tool for investigating both Galactic and extragalactic simple and composite stellar populations, using stellar population synthesis techniques.
Changes in the characteristics of turkey ejaculated semen and ductus deferens semen with repeated ejaculations.

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Changes in the characteristics of turkey ejaculated semen and ductus deferens semen with repeated ejaculations M. R. Bakst, Helene C. Cecil
Designing a web-based application to support Peer Instruction for very large Groups

In this research, we introduce a web-based open source solution that enables the transfer of the widely established Peer Instruction approach to lectures with in excess of 350 participants. The proposed solution avoids several existing technical flaws that currently hinder the further adoption of Peer Instruction. We test our solution in a series of lectures with over 500 participants. Within these tests, we evaluate our prototype using the Technology Acceptance Model, the System Usability Scale, as well as qualitative interviews. Both the evaluation results and the feedback from course participants indicate that our new solution is a useful artifact for implementing Peer Instruction in lectures with very large groups.
Effort-reward imbalance, procedural injustice and relational injustice as psychosocial predictors of health: complementary or redundant models?

Objective: Effort-reward imbalance at work is an established psychosocial risk factor but there are also newer conceptualisations, such as procedural injustice (decisions at work lack consistency, openness and input from all affected parties) and relational injustice (problems in considerate and fair treatment of employees by supervisors). The authors examined whether procedural injustice and relational injustice are associated with employee health in addition to, and in combination with, effort-reward imbalance. Methods: Prospective survey data from two cohorts related to public-sector employees: the 10-Town study (n = 18 066 (78% women, age range 19–62) and the Finnish Hospital Personnel study (n = 4833, 89% women, age range 20–60). Self-rated poor health, minor psychiatric morbidity and doctor-diagnosed depression were assessed at baseline (2000–2) and at follow-up (2004). To determine incident morbidity, baseline cases were excluded. Results: In multivariate models including age, sex, occupational status and all three psychosocial factors as predictors, high effort-reward imbalance and either high procedural injustice or high relational injustice were associated with increased morbidity at follow-up in both cohorts. After combining procedural and relational injustice into a single measure of organisational injustice, high effort-reward imbalance and high injustice were both independently associated with health. For all outcome measures, a combination of high effort-reward imbalance and high organisational injustice was related to a greater health risk than high effort-reward imbalance or injustice alone. Conclusion: Evidence from two independent occupational cohorts suggests that procedural and relational components of injustice, as a combined index, and effort-reward imbalance are complementary risk factors.
The interrelationship of nutritional risk factors, indicators of nutritional risk, and severity of disability among home-delivered meal participants.

PURPOSE This study examines the direct and indirect relationships between individual components of nutritional risk and increased severity of disability among a large and diverse sample of homebound older adults. DESIGN AND METHODS Using routinely collected nutrition and function data, structural equation modeling of recursive and nonrecursive models examined the interrelationships of nutritional risk factors, indicators of nutritional risk, and disability severity among 1,010 home-delivered meals program participants in Wake County, NC. RESULTS The equally good fit for both the recursive and nonrecursive structural models revealed that specific nutritional risk factors were directly and indirectly associated with indicators of nutritional risk and increased severity of disability. The nonrecursive model also revealed significant reciprocal associations of increased disability with unintended weight change and medication use. IMPLICATIONS The findings from this study acknowledge aspects of the complex direct and indirect relationships between nutrition and function among homebound older persons. This knowledge will help service providers with the development of effective elderly nutrition programs with nutritional and functional status outcomes.
Turning Personal Experience into Political Attitudes: The Effect of Local Weather on Americans’ Perceptions about Global Warming

How do people translate their personal experiences into political attitudes? It has been difficult to explore this question using observational data, because individuals are typically exposed to experiences in a selective fashion, and self-reports of exposure may be biased and unreliable. In this study, we identify one experience to which Americans are exposed nearly at random—their local weather—and show that weather patterns have a significant effect on people’s beliefs about the evidence for global warming.
Transformation of General Binary MRF Minimization to the First-Order Case

We introduce a transformation of general higher-order Markov random field with binary labels into a first-order one that has the same minima as the original. Moreover, we formalize a framework for approximately minimizing higher-order multilabel MRF energies that combines the new reduction with the fusion-move and QPBO algorithms. While many computer vision problems today are formulated as energy minimization problems, they have mostly been limited to using first-order energies, which consist of unary and pairwise clique potentials, with a few exceptions that consider triples. This is because of the lack of efficient algorithms to optimize energies with higher-order interactions. Our algorithm challenges this restriction that limits the representational power of the models so that higher-order energies can be used to capture the rich statistics of natural scenes. We also show that some minimization methods can be considered special cases of the present framework, as well as comparing the new method experimentally with other such techniques.
Genetic Variation, Heritability, and Diversity Analysis of Upland Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Genotypes Based on Quantitative Traits

Upland rice is important for sustainable crop production to meet future food demands. The expansion in area of irrigated rice faces limitations due to water scarcity resulting from climate change. Therefore, this research aimed to identify potential genotypes and suitable traits of upland rice germplasm for breeding programmes. Forty-three genotypes were evaluated in a randomised complete block design with three replications. All genotypes exhibited a wide and significant variation for 22 traits. The highest phenotypic and genotypic coefficient of variation was recorded for the number of filled grains/panicle and yields/plant (g). The highest heritability was found for photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, intercellular CO2, and number of filled grains/panicle and yields/plant (g). Cluster analysis based on 22 traits grouped the 43 rice genotypes into five clusters. Cluster II was the largest and consisted of 20 genotypes mostly originating from the Philippines. The first four principle components of 22 traits accounted for about 72% of the total variation and indicated a wide variation among the genotypes. The selected best trait of the number of filled grains/panicle and yields/plant (g), which showed high heritability and high genetic advance, could be used as a selection criterion for hybridisation programmes in the future.
On stochastic balancing related model reduction

We propose a general method based on the balanced stochastic truncation (BST) approach for the model reduction of stable linear systems. The new method relies on a recent general inner-outer factorization result and extends the applicability of the BST method to systems with infinite zeros. A computational algorithm with enhanced accuracy for the new BST model reduction approach is presented. The capabilities and advantages of the new approach are illustrated on an example.