Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Human Capital and Worker Productivity: Direct Evidence from Linked Employer-Employee Data

The long literatures on the determinants of wage rates at the individual level and on the empirical relation between productivity and wage rates intersect when attention is focused on longitudinally linked employer-employee data. We estimate separate statistical components of wage rates associated with the observable individual characteristics, unobservable individual heterogeneity and unobservable employer heterogeneity. We define general human capital as the portable components of the full-time, full-year wage rate. Within each employer in the linked sample, we create employer-aggregates of the general human capital. We then estimate the relation between sales per employee, general human capital, and employer wage heterogeneity using micro data for the employing firms. The results reveal direct statistical links between the productivity outcome (sales/worker) and general human capital, controlling for firm-specific wage rate heterogeneity, which can be interpreted as specific human capital or as part of a firm-specific compensation strategy.
Behavioral Inhibition as a Precursor of Peer Social Competence in Early School Age: The Interplay With Attachment and Nonparental Care

A sample of 81 children was followed longitudinally to assess the contributions of behavioral inhibition, early attachment security, and experience of nonparental care to individual differences in social competence. Additive, mediational, and moderator models were tried. Attachment security was assessed in the Strange Situation at 15 months of age. Behavioral inhibition at 13-15 months and 4 years, and social competence at 8 years, were captured through aggregates of ratings and observations. Social competence was predicted by all three predictor variables, but for behavioral inhibition this was true only for the 4-year measure. The effects of attachment, nonparental care, and 4-year behavioral inhibition were found to be additive, supporting a view of social competence as multiply determined. There was also support for a moderating effect of attachment, meaning that a secure attachment relationship was particularly important for infants who started out as highly inhibited.
Factor IX-Padua enhances the fibrinolytic resistance of plasma clots

Summary Hypercoagulable conditions may determine a hypofibrinolytic state by increasing the activation of thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI). Factor (F)IX-Padua is a mutated FIX with an eight-fold increased clotting activity and associates with a higher venous thrombotic risk. We evaluated the influence of FIX-Padua on TAFI-mediated regulation of fibrinolysis. A subject hemizygous for FIX-Padua, two family members (heterozygous and normal) and six healthy controls were studied. Clot lysis, TAFI activation and thrombin generation were evaluated in contact-inhibited plasma challenged with low concentrations of tissue factor. Fibrinolysis times were significantly longer in FIX-Padua carriers than controls. The difference disappeared when activated TAFI (TAFIa) was inhibited, when TAFI activation was avoided or when clotting was made independent of FIX. TAFIa generation was markedly enhanced in FIX-Padua carriers as compared to controls, and this could be explained by a greater thrombin generation in the former. Hyperactive FIX, but not wild-type FIX, enhanced fibrinolytic resistance also when the FXI-dependent positive feedback was blocked by a neutralising anti-FXI antibody. This thrombin-mediated, TAFI-dependent down-regulation of fibrinolysis provides new clues for explaining the heightened thrombotic risk in subjects carrying the FIXPadua mutation.
Use of Teacher Perceptions in School Environment Research.

ABSTRACT The usefulness of teacher perceptual data in school environment research is illustrated by a study of Catholic and Government schools in Queensland Australia. A new 57 item instrument was developed to assess the seven dimensions of mission consensus, empowerment, student support, affiliation, professional interest, resource adequacy and work pressure. Comparisons of environment in Catholic non‐order (co‐educational), Catholic girls’, Catholic boys’ and Government co‐educational schools revealed statistically significant differences on three scales, namely empowerment, student support and mission consensus. Catholic non‐order and Catholic girls’ schools had more positive environments than Government schools. In the Catholic schools teachers of religion perceived their school environment to have higher empowerment and resource adequacy compared with teachers of science. A comparison of male and female teacher perceptions of their school environment revealed no statistically significant differences.
E XPECTATION D ISCONFIRMATION AND T ECHNOLOGY A DOPTION : P OLYNOMIAL M ODELING AND R ESPONSE S URFACE A NALYSIS 1

Individual-level information systems adoption research has recently seen the introduction of expectation–disconfirmation theory (EDT) to explain how and why user reactions change over time. This prior research has produced valuable insights into the phenomenon of technology adoption beyond traditional models, such as the technology acceptance model. First, we identify gaps in EDT research that present potential opportunities for advances—specifically, we discuss methodological and analytical limitations in EDT research in information systems and present polynomial modeling and response surface methodology as solutions. Second, we draw from research on cognitive dissonance, realistic job preview, and prospect theory to present a polynomial model of expectation–
Model order reduction approach to uncertainty quantification in eddy current problems

An approach based on Model Order Reduction and Polynomial Chaos Expansion is proposed for uncertainty quantification in eddy current problems due to randomness in material parameters. Corresponding deterministic problems are solved with the Finite Integration Technique. As a test case, the method is applied to a simplified geometry of a typical system for resistance welding in ac conditions.
The relationship between aggression and fear of annihilation in Israel

From its inception, modern Zionism offered a Jewish identity of strength and courage as an alternative to what was seen as weakness and helplessness. Following the Holocaust, death anxiety was deflected into aggressive energy when combating the invading Arab armies during Israel's War of Independence. The balance between aggression and fear of annihilation was severely upset by the threat of trauma repetition priot to the Six-Day War and the resulting release of strength, power, and aggression, which threw the country into a position of fear-denying omnipotence.
General Multiprocessor Task Scheduling: Approximate Solutions in Linear Time

We study the problem of scheduling a set of n independent tasks on a fixed number of parallel processors, where the execution time of a task is a function of the subset of processors assigned to the task. We propose a fully polynomial approximation scheme that for any fixed Ɛ > 0 finds a preemptive schedule of length at most (1 + Ɛ) times the optimum in O(n) time. We also discuss the non-preemptive variant of the problem, and present a polynomial approximation scheme that computes an approximate solution of any fixed accuracy in linear time. In terms of the running time, this linear complexity bound gives a substantial improvement of the best previously known polynomial bound [5].
The Roles of Interleukin-6 in the Pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Several clinical studies have demonstrated that the humanized anti-interleukin-6 (IL-6) receptor antibody tocilizumab (TCZ) improves clinical symptoms and prevents progression of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, the precise mechanism by which IL-6 blockade leads to the improvement of RA is not well understood. IL-6 promotes synovitis by inducing neovascularization, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and synovial hyperplasia. IL-6 causes bone resorption by inducing osteoclast formation via the induction of RANKL in synovial cells, and cartilage degeneration by producing matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in synovial cells and chondrocytes. Moreover, IL-6 is involved in autoimmunity by altering the balance between Th17 cells and Treg. IL-6 also acts on changing lipid concentrations in blood and on inducing the production of hepcidin which causes iron-deficient anemia. In conclusion, IL-6 is a major player in the pathogenesis of RA, and current evidence indicates that the blockade of IL-6 is a beneficial therapy for RA patients.
Big Stuff, Little Stuff: A Decennial Measurement of Executives' and Academics' Reactions to Questionable Usage Elements

Many factors, such as word choice, organization, suitability to reader and dis course community, and numerous other rhetorical considerations, influence read ers' perception of "good writing. " The factor provoking instant and powerful abre action from a reader, however, is often a perceived error in grammar or usage. This study tests the extent to which business executives and business communica tion academics were bothered by selected examples of these questionable usage ele ments. Results show usage elements that troubled readers most were basic sen tence-structure errors such as run-ons, fragments, nonparallel structure, and danglers. Several usage errors, such as the use of "disinterested" for "uninter ested" and the use of qualifiers with absolutes such as "unique," may be in transi tion to acceptability. The error of completing a linking verb with an adverbial clause troubled few. Executive readers were bothered less by the questionable usage elements, overall, than academic readers, and younger readers less than older readers. Acknowledging to students that usage changes, clarifying differences between written and spoken dialects, and exemplifying and explaining the most bothersome errors (using a minimum of traditional grammar terminology) can help students overcome some writing weaknesses.
LINE BUNDLES ON PROJECTIVE SPACES PRELIMINARY DRAFT

0.1. Notations and Conventions. During this note, we will fix a base field k (e.g. the complex numbers C). The multiplicative group of the field k will be denoted by Gm. All the vector spaces considered will be finite dimensional vector spaces over the field k. For a given vector space V of dimension≥ 1, we will denote the dual vector space, the projective space parameterizing 1-dimensional subspace in V and the projective space parameterizing subspaces of codimension 1 in order by V, P(V) and P(V) = P(V). By the projectivization of the vector space V , we will mean the projective space P(V). The projective space P(V) is called the dual projective space. Notice that the dimensions of the projective space P(V) and P(V) are one less than that of the vector space V . More generally, one can fix an integer l ≤ dim(V) and consider the variety parameterizing l-planes in the vector space V . The resulting variety is called the Grassmannian of l-planes in V and is denoted by Grass(l, V). If L is a line in the vector space V , we will denote the corresponding point in the projective space by [L ⊂ V], or [L] for short. More generally, if S is an l-dimensional plane in V , the corresponding point in the Grassmannian Grass(l, V) will be denoted by [S ⊂ V], or [S] for short. Notice that by definition, the equalities Grass(1, V) = P(V) and Grass(dim(V) − 1, V) = P(V) hold. The isomorphism classes of line bundles on a smooth variety X is denoted by Pic(X). Under the tensor product, the set Pic(X) becomes a an Abelian group, where the trivial element of the group is the trivial bundle,OX and the inverse of a line bundle is determined by the equation L⊗L = OX. Therefore, for a given line bundle L, the dual bundle is called the inverse of L or L inverse , and it is denoted by L. For arbitrary integer n, we define the nth multiple of the line bundle L by the formula:
Predictors of needs in mothers with infants in the neonatal intensive care unit

Forty‐six mothers with infants in an urban hospital's neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) were asked to rate the importance of having various needs met in five categories: (1) support (the need for interpersonal emotional support); (2) comfort (the need for personal physical comfort); (3) information (the need to obtain realistic information about the infant); (4) proximity (the need to remain near the infant); and (5) assurance (the need to feel confident about the infant's outcome). Overall, mothers viewed needs in the area of assurance as most important and needs in the area of support as least important to have fulfilled. Multiple regression analyses revealed significant predictive relationships between annual household income and mothers' needs in the area of support, and infant length of stay in the NICU and mothers' information needs. The findings from this study can be used by professionals when interacting with families, as well as during the design and implementation of parent support programs in the NICU.
Who Cares about Justice? The Moderating Effect of Values on the Link between Organisational Justice and Work Behaviour

On s’est demande, dans cette recherche, si les valeurs moderent la relation entre les perceptions de la justice procedurale et les variables d’intervention au travail. Selon le modele relationnel d’autorite (Tyler et Lind 1992), l’effet de la justice procedurale sur l’engagement dans l’organisation, sur les aspects facilitants et dynamiques du comportement extra-role dependraient des orientations axiologiques des individus. Les resultats montrent que les employes de structures britanniques et germaniques qui font montre d’ouverture au changement (Schwartz 1992) sont plus influences dans leur engagement dans leur entreprise et le comportement extra-role par l’absence de justice percue que ceux qui n’endossent pas les valeurs d’ouverture au changement. Les effets du comportement extra-role etaient plus forts parmi les sujets britanniques. Les valeurs de conservation attenuent la relation entre la justice et l’engagement dans l’organisation uniquement chez les Allemands. Ces resultats permettent de mieux comprendre la facon dont la mesure des valeurs peut expliquer des differences culturelles dans les effets de la perception de la justice. This study examined whether values moderate the relationship between procedural justice perceptions and work outcome variables. Based on the relational model of authorities (Tyler & Lind, 1992), it was predicted that the effect of procedural justice on organisational commitment and on self-reported compliant and proactive aspects of extra-role behaviour would depend on the value orientations of individuals. It was found that employees from British and German organisations who endorsed Schwartz's (1992) openness to change values were more influenced in their organisational commitment and compliant extra-role behaviour by the absence of perceived justice than those who do not endorse openness values. The effects found for extra-role behaviour were stronger among UK respondents. Conservation values moderated the relation between justice and organisational commitment only among Germans. These moderation findings extend our understanding of the way that value measures can explain cultural differences in the effects of perceived organisational justice.
Different Sources of Nitric Oxide Mediate Neurovascular Coupling in the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus of the Cat

Understanding the link between neuronal responses (NRs) and metabolic signals is fundamental to our knowledge of brain function and it is a milestone in our efforts to interpret data from modern non invasive optical techniques such as fMRI, which are based on the close coupling between metabolic demand of active neurons and local changes in blood flow. The challenge is to unravel the link. Here we show, using spectrophotometry to record oxyhaemoglobin and methemoglobin (surrogate markers of cerebral flow and nitric oxide levels respectively) together with extracellular neuronal recordings in vivo and applying a multiple polynomial regression model, that the markers are able to predict up about 80% of variability in NR. Furthermore, we show that the coupling between blood flow and neuronal activity is heavily influenced by nitric oxide (NO). While NRs show the typical saturating response, blood flow shows a linear behaviour during contrast-response curves, with nitric oxide from different sources acting differently for low and high intensity.
Test of the Additive-Factor Method of Choice Reaction Time Analysis

In a test of Sternberg's (1969) additive-factor method of reaction time (RT) analysis, stimulus quality (intact, degraded), relative stimulus frequency (70:15:15), and S-R compatibility (naming, naming-plus-one), each had significant effects on RT in a number-naming task. Additivity of the means, variances, and third cumulants of RT for the quality and compatibility factors showed the RT components attributable to the two stages influenced by these two variables to be stochastically independent. Relative stimulus frequency interacted with both quality and compatibility in determining RT. It was concluded that the effect of stimulus quality arose at the stimulus encoding stage, and the effect of compatibility at the S-R translation stage, while the duration of both stages was influenced by relative stimulus frequency.
Evaluation of three types of Instructional Strategy for Learner Acquisition of Intervals

The current study examined the question of what type of instructional strategy most effectively facilitates the learning of music intervals for beginning music majors. The three types of instructional strategy were programmed instruction in the form of a linear programmed text, mastery learning using computer-assisted instruction (CAI), and self-practice using a textbook-study approach. This study also explored the variable of information retention over time. The delayed-retention test was given 48 hours after the test of immediate retention. Results on the dependent measure of retention indicated that mastery leaming-CAl was a significantly better instructional strategy for learning music intervals than programmed instruction or self-practice. The results indicated a significantly higher performance score for mastery leaming-CAl and programmed instruction over self-practice. The self-practice condition was left at a disadvantage in this regard because the learner had to decide what was relevant and what must be learned from what should be ignored. The attitude measure result indicated that learners prefer instructional information to be well organized.
Messy Problems and Lay Audiences: Teaching Critical Thinking Within the Finance Curriculum

This article investigates the critical thinking difficulties of finance majors when asked to address ill-structured finance problems. The authors build on previous research in which they asked students to analyze an ill-structured investment problem and recommend a course of action. The results revealed numerous critical thinking weaknesses, including a failure to address the client's problem, use analytical tools systematically, construct rhetorically useful graphics, or translate finance concepts and methodologies into lay language. The present research aims to understand more deeply why students struggle with ill-structured problems. Using think-aloud protocols, audiotaped interviews, and other strategies, the authors explore causes of finance students' difficulties and suggest strategies for addressing them. The results suggest that the homework tasks typically given them, such as quantitative problem sets using algorithmic procedures, do not prepare them to confront ill-structured problems requiring disciplinary arguments aimed at specified audiences. Research further suggests that teaching audience adaptation—especially for nonexpert audiences—is helpful in promoting critical thinking.
When mice consume like elephants: instant messaging applications

A recent surge in the usage of instant messaging (IM) applications on mobile devices has brought the energy efficiency of these applications into focus of attention. Although IM applications are changing the message communication landscape, this work illustrates that the current versions of IM applications differ vastly in energy consumption when using the third generation (3G) cellular communication. This paper shows the interdependency between energy consumption and IM data patterns in this context. We analyse the user interaction pattern using a IM dataset, consisting of 1043370 messages collected from 51 mobile users. Based on the usage characteristics, we propose a message bundling technique that aggregates consecutive messages over time, reducing the energy consumption with a trade-off against latency. The results show that message bundling can save up to 43% in energy consumption while still maintaining the conversation function. Finally, the energy cost of a common functionality used in IM applications that informs that the user is currently typing a response, so called typing notification, is evaluated showing an energy increase ranging from 40-104%.
Asset Allocation with a High Dimensional Latent Factor Stochastic Volatility Model

We investigate the implications of time-varying expected return and volatility on asset allocation in a high dimensional setting. We propose a dynamic factor multivariate stochastic volatility (DFMSV) model that allows the first two moments of returns to vary over time for a large number of assets. We then evaluate the economic significance of the DFMSV model by examining the performance of various dynamic portfolio strategies chosen by mean-variance investors in a universe of 36 stocks. We find that the DFMSV dynamic strategies significantly outperform various benchmark strategies out of sample. This outperformance is robust to different performance measures, investor's objective functions, time periods, and assets. Copyright 2006, Oxford University Press.
A Randomized Trial Study of a Preschool Literacy Curriculum: The Importance of Implementation

Abstract In this 1-year experimental study of 254 students across 27 high-poverty preschool classrooms in an urban setting in the northeast, use of a technology-based prekindergarten literacy curriculum in addition to the district curriculum was compared with the use of the district curriculum alone. Results indicated no main effects for the experimental curriculum. Following the initial analyses, fidelity of implementation in the experimental classrooms was examined and results indicated that children in classrooms rated as having high fidelity of implementation significantly outperformed low-implementing classrooms on two important phonological awareness measures. This trend favoring high-implementing classrooms was also evident on measures of letter-name knowledge, and beginning sounds. These findings suggest that program implementation may be a significant variable when examining the potential effects of literacy curricula on learning outcomes for young at-risk children.
Developmental and Individual Differences in Reading Comprehension

Two experiments investigated developmental and individual differences in children's story comprehension and recall, as a function of story organization and presentation modality. In Experiment 1, children in Grades 3 to 6 read silently, read orally, or listened to well-organized and poorly organized stories. Both amount recalled and reliance on text organization increased with grade. Performance did not differ for passages that were read silently versus listened to, but oral reading facilitated the comprehension of good stories, especially for the poorest readers. At each grade level, a group of poor readers was identified who showed little sensitivity to story organization in either silent reading or listening. The second experiment showed that for these poor readers the oral-reading advantage occurred for well-organized but not for poorly organized stories. The poorest comprehenders also gained from an advance organizer that stressed the problem structure of the stories. Theoretical and instructional im.