Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“Peace through speech or peace through strength”? The European Parliament’s views on the EU’s security role in the East

Despite its limited formal competences in foreign policy, the European Parliament is active in trying to present a specific vision for the EU’s external action. Debates on the EU’s role as a security provider in the Eastern neighbourhood are useful to analyse the security ambitions set forth by the Members of the EP. Using the qualitative grounded theory method, this paper demonstrates that the EP wants the EU to have a more active security role in the East, for external as well as internal reasons. A preliminary quantitative study of the MEPs’ individual involvement in the debates also highlight the importance of national factors in understanding the EP’s functioning, as well as the existence of a clear East-West divide on security matters relating to the EU’s Eastern neighbourhood.
Toward a Theory of Family Capital and Entrepreneurship: Antecedents and Outcomes

We propose that family capital—human, social, and financial—influences entrepreneurial activity and self‐employment rates. Furthermore, family capital has some unique advantages: It is difficult to imitate, can be mobilized quickly, has low transaction costs, and can be transferred efficiently across generations. We propose a model describing the relationship between family capital and entrepreneurial outcomes based on: (1) family patterns, (2) family capital, and (3) entrepreneurial outcomes. We also propose several moderator variables that would affect the formation and transfer of family capital. Recent family trends (e.g., marriage and fertility rates, cohabitation, divorce, and out‐of‐wedlock birthrates) may affect family capital in the nited States and elsewhere.
Husbands at home : the domestic economy in a post-industrial society

List of Figures. List of Tables. Acknowledgements. PART 1: HOUSEHOLD WORK STRATEGIES IN A DE-INDUSTRIALISING ECONOMY Setting the Scene 1: The Wearside Empirical Study Chapter 1: Introduction: The household sector in total economic activity Setting the Scene 2: Changing Employment Experiences Chapter 2: The gender and spatial impact of structural economic change Setting the Scene 3: Unemployed men and Housework Chapter 3: Models of Relevance to Household Work Strategies PART 2: REARTICULATION OF THE DIVISIONS OF LABOUR: GENDER, THE FAMILY AND THE CHANGING NATURE OF WORK Setting the scene 4: Changing Household Divisions of Labour Chapter 4 : Divisions of labour within the domestic economy and the process of change Setting the Scene 5: The Influence of Tradition and of the state benefit system Chapter 5: Motivations and Household work strategies: Gender, Conflict and the Family Conclusions: Monopoly capitalism, the domestic economy and the changing nature of work.
Diabetes mellitus in cystic fibrosis: genetic and immunological markers

Family history, as well as genetic and immunological markers of diabetes mellitus, were studied in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with and without diabetes mellitus. Positive family history of diabetes mellitus in first‐degree relatives was found in only 6 of 210 (3%) CF patients, with no difference between non‐diabetic and diabetic patients. The frequency distributions of the HLA types DR3, DR4 and DR3/4, which normally confer susceptibility to insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus and of HLA‐DR2, which normally confers resistance to insulin‐dependent diabetcs mellitus, were not different in non‐diabetic CF patients, diabetic CF patients and normal subjects. The genotypic frequencies of tumor necrosis factor‐β and of heat shock protein 70, located within the HLA region on chromosome 6, in CF patients with diabetes were not different from those in patients with insulin‐dependent diabetes mellitus, while non‐diabetic CF patients and normal subjects shared other patterns. The frequencies of the interleukin‐1β alleles, located on chromosome 2, were not different in non‐diabetic and diabetic CF patients, insulin‐dependent diabetic patients and normal subjects. Islet cell cytoplasmic antibodies. measured before, at and after the diagnosis of diabetes in 33 diabetic CF patients and in 32 matched non‐diabetic CF patients, were detected in only 2 of 236 (0.8%) serum samples; m a pre‐diabetic patient and in a non‐diabetic control patient. Birth weights were not different in diabetic and non‐diabetic CF patients, arguing against the importance of the intrauterine environment as a determinant in the transmission of diabetes mellitus in CF patients. We conclude that diabetes mellitus in CF is without family history of diabetes mellitus, HLA‐DR association, and serological evidence for autoimmune destruction of the β‐cells. The significance of similar frequcncies of tumor necrosis factor‐β and heal shock protein 70 alleles in insulin‐dependent diabetic patients and diabetic CF patients remains to bc determined.
Organizational effectiveness at seaports: a systems approach

Organizational Effectiveness (OE) is a rather new concept in the port business literature and not widely studied before. From the systems perspective, this concept focuses on the goals of the organization, the resources needed to achieve these goals, and the relationship between the organization and its environment. The reason behind choosing a systems approach is the significant role of seaports as open systems affected by changes and developments in world trade, supply chain and logistics trends, maritime transport, and technological developments. While seaports are multi-faceted organizations that constitute different interdependent and integrated units in their structure, they can also be regarded as the subsystems of the supply chain system. As being the social and technical systems, port organizations have unique characteristics that should be examined in detail to assess their effectiveness. To assess the effectiveness of port organizations, principally a set of effectiveness measures applicable to seaports should be determined. The main aim of this study is to assess the relative importance of the main effectiveness criteria in seaports and to determine the significance of main inputs and port subsystems which can be referred as the means to achieve effectiveness. By using the systems approach, the inputs, the processes, and the outputs of the port organizations are clearly defined with a conceptual model. Thirty-three statements have been developed under the main categories in the systems model and a two-round delphi survey is conducted, and qualitative analysis of the experts’ opinions is carried out. The results of the delphi survey show that the main port inputs are port infrastructure, equipments, technology, and port labor; the major port processes are ship and cargo operations together with the logistics services, safety and security, information technologies, and marketing; and the most important effectiveness measures for the seaports are productivity, efficiency, service quality, adaptability, information and communication management, profitability, human resource quality, and customer satisfaction.
Implementation and governance: Current and future research on climate change policies

Central policymakers, governments, climate researchers, and research funders emphasize the necessity to develop, design, and implement climate change policies. This article investigates how this is dealt with in current social science research by analyzing relevant articles published in international academic journals. The search covers both interdisciplinary and more discipline-specific journals, focusing on publications within international relations, political science, public administration, and sociology. The results show that although climate change is a major contemporary research topic, there seems to be a lack of research focusing on existing government actions, multilevel governance, and implementation. The existing research is largely empirical and case-oriented. Cross-country comparisons are rare, and relatively few studies explicitly focus on theory development. A major proportion of the research is published in interdisciplinary journals, where vital insights from political science and public administration research might be lacking. This paper, through an analysis of extant research, will add to the body of literature on climate change policy from a public policy implementation perspective.
Effects of a Thromboxane A2 Analogue and Prostacyclin on Lung Fluid Balance in Newborn Lambs

We have previously shown that the pulmonary venoconstriction produced by a stable thromboxane A2 analogue (STA2) is attenuated by prostacyclin (PGI2), but PGI2 increases the STA2-induced edema. The present study was designed to determine the effects of STA2 and PGI2 on the fluid balance in isolated blood-perfused newborn lamb lungs. Vascular permeability was evaluated by use of the fluid flitration coefficient (Kf) and the osmotic reflection coefficient for total proteins (σ, hematocrit-protein double indicator technique), and pulmonary capillary pressure (Pc) was estimated by the double occlusion technique. All lungs had a period of hydrostatic stress induced by elevation of the left atrial pressure from 5 to 20 mm Hg to promote fluid filtration, and the rate of lung weight gain (ΔW/ΔT) during this period was determined. Studies were made in four groups; before the hydrostatic stress, lungs were given 1) STA2 (50 μg, n =6), 2) PGI2 (0.4 μg/kg/min, n =6), 3) both PGI2 and STA2 (n =6), or 4) vehicles (control, n =5). Measurements of Kf were made at the baseline period and after the hydrostatic stress. Kf was significantly increased by 76% with STA2, by 121% with PGI2, and by 157% with both PGI2 and STA2, but remained constant in controls. In comparison with control lungs, a similar ΔW/ΔT was observed with less of an increase in Pc during the hydrostatic stress in the STA2 group, and greater values of ΔW/ΔT were obtained with smaller elevations in Pc in the groups receiving PGI2 or both PGI2 and STA2. The σ 0.66 ± 0.07 in the control group was the highest in these experiments. Treatments with STA2 and/or PGI2 significantly decreased σ. These results suggest that both STA2 and PGI2 may increase pulmonary microvascular permeability to protein. Furthermore, PGI2 may increase fluid filtration by increasing vascular surface area.
The Rise of the Western World: A New Economic History

A radically new interpretation, offering a unified explanation for the growth of Western Europe between 900 A. D. and 1700, provides a general theoretical framework for institutional change geared to the general reader. North and Thomas seek to explain the "rise of the Western world" by illuminating the causal importance of an efficient economic organization that guarantees a wide latitude of property rights and both incentives and protection for economic growth. Although they pay homage to both Marxian and neoliberal theory, they take a theoretical middle ground that privileges the sociopolitical backdrop of economic affairs (as opposed to solely private or class-based activity) and in doing so identifies the roots of modernization as far back as the 10th Century. To justify the novelty and originality of this approach, they write that most analysts have misidentified the symptoms of modern economic growth (technological change, human capital, economies of scale) as the causes. In doing so, previous scholars have failed to answer the question "if all that is required for economic growth is investment and innovation, why have some societies missed this desirable outcome? " (2). Their answer is that some societies (England and the Netherlands) were better than others (France and Spain) at providing an efficient economic organization that could guarantee conditions favorable to per capita economic growth among a rapidly growing population.
Efficient image classification by using improved dual Hahn Moment Invariants

The discrete orthogonal moments and moment invariants are powerful descriptors for image analysis and computer vision. However, until now obtaining moment invariants had always needed much computation time and numerical accuracy, which has not been resolved well. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper is to introduce an efficient set of discrete orthogonal moment invariants, named Improved dual Hahn Moment Invariants (IDHMI). The proposed IDHMI are based on a recursive methods for the computation of dual-Hahn polynomials coefficients. These recursive methods permits the fast and accurate computation of the dual Hahn Moment Invariants. In fact, this new set can be used to extract invariant shape features regardless the change of shape's orientation, size and position. Consequently, a series of numerical experiment are performed in order to evaluate the performance of the proposed moment invariants, with regard to the numerical stability, computational time and recognition accuracy. The theoretical and experimental results clearly show the applicability and the efficiency of the proposed method.
On the Robustness of Behaviour in Experimental ‘Beauty Contest’ Games

We report and compare results from several different versions of an experimental interactive guessing game first studied by Nagel (1995), which we refer to as the ‘beauty contest’ game following Keynes (1936). In these games, groups of subjects are repeatedly asked to simultaneously guess a real number in the interval [0, 100] that they believe will be closest to 1/2 times either the median, mean, or maximum of all numbers chosen. We also use our experimental data to test a simple model of adaptive learning behaviour.
24.1 A 770pJ/b 0.85V 0.3mm2 DCO-based phase-tracking RX featuring direct demodulation and data-aided carrier tracking for IoT applications

We propose an ultra-low-power (ULP) and low-voltage phase-tracking RX for IoT applications. Several popular standards are defined for IoT, e.g., IEEE802.15. 4 and Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), where they envision massive numbers of interconnected sensors; however, the cost of replacing/recharging batteries can become an impediment to their massive deployment. In this work, aggressively improving the transceiver energy efficiency, lowering the supply, and simultaneously reducing the cost (die area) of the design are our primary goals. Hence, we propose a digitally-controlled oscillator (DCO)-based phase-tracking RX, which efficiently combines frequency downconversion, channel selection, carrier generation and signal demodulation, all of which lead to an ultra-low-power, low-voltage and low-cost RX.
Experimental Evidence on the Effects of Financial Education on Elementary School Students' Knowledge, Behavior, and Attitudes

type="main" xml:id="joca12058-abs-0001"> As the financial landscape for consumers becomes increasingly complex, the importance of facilitating financial capability increases. Although most financial decisions are made by adults, there is a burgeoning interest in providing financial education to children in the hope that they will develop the skills needed to successfully manage their finances in adulthood. This study uses an experimental design to evaluate a set of standardized financial education lessons delivered to fourth and fifth graders in two different school districts. We find that even a relatively brief program results in knowledge gains that persist one year later. While measuring financial behaviors in this age group is challenging, students exposed to financial education have more positive attitudes about personal finance and appear more likely to save. These results show that younger students can learn financial topics and that learning is associated with improved attitudes and behaviors which, if sustained, may result in increased financial capability later in life.
Development of Reduced‐intensity Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in the National Cancer Center Hospital, Japan

Abstract: Reduced‐intensity hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (RIST) is a new approach of stem cell transplantation, which has shown promising features as reported in multiple phase I and II studies. Elderly patients, who are not eligible for conventional myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), are now treatable with RIST. It has also reduced regimen‐related toxicity and provided better prognosis in short‐term follow‐up than that of conventional HSCT. Favorable results have been reported particularly in hematological malignancies, such as chronic myelocytic leukemia and malignant lymphoma. Among solid tumors, metastatic renal cell carcinoma was found to respond well to RIST. Clinical studies are currently being conducted to evaluate the efficacy of RIST in other types of solid tumors. However, the mechanism of graft‐versus‐host disease and graft‐versus‐tumor remains unclear. More knowledge on the mechanism is crucial to enhance antitumor effect and to further improve the prognosis.
CA-RNN: Using Context-Aligned Recurrent Neural Networks for Modeling Sentence Similarity

The recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have shown good performance for sentence similarity modeling in recent years. Most RNNs focus on modeling the hidden states based on the current sentence, while the context information from the other sentence is not well investigated during the hidden state generation. In this paper, we propose a context-aligned RNN (CA-RNN) model, which incorporates the contextual information of the aligned words in a sentence pair for the inner hidden state generation. Specifically, we first perform word alignment detection to identify the aligned words in the two sentences. Then, we present a context alignment gating mechanism and embed it into our model to automatically absorb the aligned words' context for the hidden state update. Experiments on three benchmark datasets, namely TREC-QA and WikiQA for answer selection and MSRP for paraphrase identification, show the great advantages of our proposed model. In particular, we achieve the new state-of-the-art performance on TREC-QA and WikiQA. Furthermore, our model is comparable to if not better than the recent neural network based approaches on MSRP.
Method to Design General RNS Reverse Converters for Extended Moduli Sets

In recent years, research on residue number systems (RNS) has targeted larger dynamic ranges (DRs) in order to further explore their inherent parallelism. In this brief, we start from the traditional three-moduli set {2n, 2n - 1, 2n + 1}, with an equivalent 3 n-bit DR; propose horizontal and vertical extensions to scale the DR; and improve the parallelism according to the requirements. This brief also introduces a method to design general reverse converters for extended moduli sets with the desired DRs, whereas the existing state of the art allows to achieve at most (8n + 1) bit. The experimental results suggest that the proposed moduli set extensions allow for larger and more balanced moduli sets, in comparison with the state of the art, resulting in an improvement of the overall RNS performance at the cost of a slower reverse conversion operation.
Comparative study of retinal nerve fibre layer measurement by RTVue OCT and GDx VCC

Aim To evaluate the diagnostic performances and correlations of retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) thickness measured by RTVue OCT and GDx variable corneal compensation (VCC). Methods The total and regional RNFL thickness were measured by RTVue OCT and GDx VCC in 62 normal eyes and 72 glaucomatous eyes of Chinese subjects. The RNFL thickness profiles of normal and glaucomatous eyes by RTVue OCT are plotted. Correlations of RNFL thickness measured by RTVue OCT and GDx VCC were assessed using the Pearson correlation. The discriminating abilities of the two techniques for detection of glaucoma were compared by the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC). Results RTVue OCT demonstrated double hump patterns in the RNFL profiles. In both normal and glaucomatous subjects, the peaks were located in the superotemporal (ST) and inferotemporal (IT) regions, and the troughs were located at the nasal (NU+NL) and temporal (TU+TL) regions. Despite poor agreement, a high correlation (r=0.821) was found between the mean RNFL measurements by RTVue OCT and GDx VCC. For RTVue OCT, the highest AUCs were mean RNFL (AUC=0.914) and inferior mean RNFL (AUC=0.909). The nerve fibre indicator (AUC=0.856) and inferior RNFL (AUC=0.852) achieved the highest AUCs among all the GDx VCC measurements. The mean RNFL in RTVue OCT had the greatest AUC in the two devices. There was a significant difference in comparing the AUCs of the mean RNFL thickness obtained by RTVue OCT and GDx VCC (p=0.009). Conclusions Although there were absolute value differences in RNFL thickness, a high correlation was observed between RTVue OCT and GDx VCC. RTVue OCT shows a reasonable ability to distinguish normal from glaucomatous eyes.
Intra-Day Realized Volatility for European and USA Stock Indices

The paper constructs measures of intra-day realized volatility for 17 European and USA stock indices. We utilize a model-free de-noising method by assembling the realized volatility in sampling frequency selected according to the volatility signature plot, which minimizes the microstructure effects. Having verified the stylized facts of realized volatility, the dynamic behavior of correlation between realized volatilities is investigated. The correlation among realized volatilities is positive and extremely high, although for some periods, it decreases dramatically. The correlation of volatilities within USA (or Europe) is much higher than the correlation of volatilities across USA and Europe. Moreover, we provide evidence that the inter-day adjusted realized volatility reduces significantly the underestimation of the true variability.
Congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia, type I, in a Caucasian patient with retinal angioid streaks (homozygous arg1042trp mutation in codanin‐1)

A congenital dyserythropoietic anaemia (CDA) was recognised in a French Caucasian male patient. Blood smears showed a pronounced aniso‐poikilocytosis. Bone marrow light microscopy showed signs of dyserythropoesis, but no internuclear chromatin bridges. Electron microscopy disclosed erythroblast nuclei with the Swiss cheese aspect and the presence of cytoplasmic organelles, assessing the diagnosis of CDA I. The presence of internuclear chromatin bridges may thus be missing in CDA I. The patient proved to be homozygous for the Arg1042Trp mutation in codanin‐1 (the ‘Bedouin mutation’). By the age of 25, the patient’s vision started to deteriorate as a result of retinal angioid streaks and macular abnormalities. Evolution was controlled and the patient, being nearly 50 yr old now, still has a partial use of his eyes. This second case of retinal angioid streaks reported in CDA I adds to the non‐haematological features likely to be associated with this condition.