Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Agent communication pragmatics : the cognitive coherence approach Action editor : Vasant Honavar

Different approaches have investigated the syntax and semantics of agent communication languages. However, these approaches have not indicated how agents should dynamically use communications. Instead of filling this pragmatics gap, most approaches have mainly focused on the structure of dialogues even though developers are more interested in agents capabilities of having useful automated conversations with respect to their goals rather than in their abilities to structure dialogues. This led us to work on a theory of the use of conversations between agents. In this paper, we propose a pragmatics theory which extends and adapts the cognitive dissonance theory (a major theory of social psychology) to multi-agent systems by unifying it with the theory of coherence in thought and action that issues from computational philosophy of mind. Precisely, we show how this theory allows us to provide generic conceptual tools for the automation of both agent communicational behavior and attitude change processes. This new motivational model is formulated in terms of constraints and elements of cognition and allows us to define cognitive incoherences and dialogue utility measures. We show how these measures could be used to solve common problems and answer some critical questions concerning agent communication frameworks use. Finally, our exploration in applying the cognitive coherence pragmatics theory as a new communication layer over classical BDI agents is presented. It relies on our dialogue games based agent communication language (DIAGAL) and our dialogue games simulator toolbox (DGS). The resulting framework provides the necessary theoretical and practical elements for implementing our theory. In doing so, it brings in a general scheme for automatizing agents communicational behavior as it is exemplified in this article. 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. 1389-0417/$ see front matter 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.cogsys. 2005.03. 002 * Corresponding author. E-mail addresses: pasquier@iad.ift.ulaval.ca (P. Pasquier), chai@iad.ift.ulaval.ca (B. Chaib-draa). URLs: http://www.damas. ift.ulaval.ca/~pasquier/ (P. Pasquier), http://www.damas. ift.ulaval.ca/~chaib/ (B. Chaib-draa). P. Pasquier, B. Chaib-draa / Cognitive Systems Research 6 (2005) 364–395 365
Relationships between self‐efficacy, social support and stress coping strategies in Chinese primary and secondary school teachers

This study explored whether stress coping strategies could be predicted by general self-efficacy and social support. Primary and secondary teachers (n = 530) completed measures of coping strategies, general self-efficacy and social support. The results showed that teachers' general self-efficacy and social support had direct and indirect predictive effects on different coping strategies, and they have more significant predictive effects on certain types of coping strategies. Teachers with higher general self-efficacy and social support tended to adopt adaptive coping strategies or emotion-oriented coping strategies. The study suggested that social support and self-efficacy should be important factors to be considered when designing a prevention or intervention programme in the guidance of teachers' coping strategies and psychological counselling. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Higher-Order Associative Learning in Amnesia: Evidence from the Serial Reaction Time Task

Patients with anterograde amnesia are commonly believed to exhibit normal implicit learning. Research with the serial reaction time (SRT) task suggests that normal subjects can implicitly learn visuospatial sequences through a process that is sensitive to higher-order information that is more complex than pairwise associations between adjacent stimuli. The present research reexamined SRT learning in a group of amnesic patients with a design intended to specifically address the learning of higher-order information. Despite seemingly normal learning effects on average, the results suggest that amnesic patients do not learn higher-order information as well as control subjects. These results suggest that amnesic patients have an associative learning impairment, even when learning is implicit, and that the medial temporal lobe and/or diencephalic brain areas typically damaged in cases of amnesia normally contribute to implicit sequence learning.
Learning, experienced emotions, relationships and innovation in HRD

Purpose – This paper aims to explore the introduction of a new experience‐based learning process in the learning and teaching of human resource development (HRD) within a professionally accredited curriculum in a UK University.Design/methodology/approach – An action enquiry approach is taken, and qualitative data gathered over a full academic year from tutors and students are analysed to examine how those involved made sense of and learned about HRD.Findings – Influences on the experience of an innovative HRD pedagogy are identified as: assessment processes and expectations; relationships and behaviours within the learning and teaching process; the experienced emotions of those involved; and the extent to which students feel clarity about what is expected.Research limitations/implications – The qualitative nature of the data and the focus on one particular UK institutional taught module limits the generalisability; in particular, the experience of full‐time students or those involved in courses that focus.
Spring thaw ionic pulses boost nutrient availability and microbial growth in entombed Antarctic Dry Valley cryoconite holes

The seasonal melting of ice entombed cryoconite holes on McMurdo Dry Valley glaciers provides oases for life in the harsh environmental conditions of the polar desert where surface air temperatures only occasionally exceed 0°C during the Austral summer. Here we follow temporal changes in cryoconite hole biogeochemistry on Canada Glacier from fully frozen conditions through the initial stages of spring thaw toward fully melted holes. The cryoconite holes had a mean isolation age from the glacial drainage system of 3.4 years, with an increasing mass of aqueous nutrients (dissolved organic carbon, total nitrogen, total phosphorus) with longer isolation age. During the initial melt there was a mean nine times enrichment in dissolved chloride relative to mean concentrations of the initial frozen holes indicative of an ionic pulse, with similar mean nine times enrichments in nitrite, ammonium, and dissolved organic matter. Nitrate was enriched twelve times and dissolved organic nitrogen six times, suggesting net nitrification, while lower enrichments for dissolved organic phosphorus and phosphate were consistent with net microbial phosphorus uptake. Rates of bacterial production were significantly elevated during the ionic pulse, likely due to the increased nutrient availability. There was no concomitant increase in photosynthesis rates, with a net depletion of dissolved inorganic carbon suggesting inorganic carbon limitation. Potential nitrogen fixation was detected in fully melted holes where it could be an important source of nitrogen to support microbial growth, but not during the ionic pulse where nitrogen availability was higher. This study demonstrates that ionic pulses significantly alter the timing and magnitude of microbial activity within entombed cryoconite holes, and adds credence to hypotheses that ionic enrichments during freeze-thaw can elevate rates of microbial growth and activity in other icy habitats, such as ice veins and subglacial regelation zones.
Exploring the relationship between experienced students' preference for open- and closed-book examinations, approaches to learning and achievement

The relationship between university students' approaches to learning and preference for the open- and closed-book examinations was investigated for 144 Greek undergraduate (56 third- and 88 fourth-year) students attending a Philosophy, Education and Psychology Department. The approaches were explored by the Approaches and Study Skills Inventory for Students (ASSIST). Examination preferences for open- or closed-book exams were assessed by 3 self-report questions. Students who preferred the open-book examination scored lower on “Time management”, “Achieving”, and “Unrelated memorising”. The study provides links between the students' study orchestrations/profiles, assessment preference, and achievement. The deep profile students (mainly 3rd-year students) seem to prefer the open-book exam but appear unorganised in their study in a similar extent to surface-profile students. They also reported low achievement. The study cautiously suggests the influence of the year of study on students' assessment preference. The results are discussed in relation to recent literature.
MUsE - A Framework for Reception-based Gaming Research

Game studies are approached from very different faculty cultures and research perspectives. As the reception based view usually examines the process of game usage and its environment, there are still several different entries into the field. Many theoretical approaches and empirical studies concentrate on single phases or theoretical constructs of game reception. Sometimes this is done very detailed, sometimes in a more superficial way. This article delivers a more holistic model for reception based gaming research called MUsE, which describes a whole cycle of game usage and also can be used in longitudinal study designs. Additionally, results of a first prototype study are presented at a glance.
From giftedness to talent: A developmental model and its impact on the language of the field

The present text addresses the laxity in terminology that afflicts our field, especially the definitions of our two central constructs: giftedness and talent. A differentiated model is proposed, based on a distinction between two types of abilities, natural abilities and systematically developed skills, labeled respectively gifts (or aptitudes) and talents. Both types of abilities are clearly described and exemplified. The model also specifies the developmental relationship between these two types of abilities, aptitudes being the constituent elements of talents, the crucial role of learning and practice in the transformation of natural abilities into the systematically developed skills of a talent field, and the contributive role of various related constructs (motivation, temperament, surroundings, significant persons, events, etc.) to that developmental process. The model is then used as a guide for a series of comments on the appropriate use of labels to describe more accurately our target population(s.
International Journal of Hospitality Management Consumer-based Chain Restaurant Brand Equity, Brand Reputation, and Brand Trust

Keywords: Visit purpose Brand equity Chain restaurant Brand reputation Brand trust a b s t r a c t This study develops and tests a consumer-based chain restaurant brand equity(CBCRBE) model and investigates the mediating effects of brand reputation on the relationship between CBCRBE and brand trust. Using a structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis, the four dimensions of CBCRBE-food & service quality, brand affect, brand awareness, and brand association-are found to have positive effects on brand reputation. Moreover, it is demonstrated that brand reputation has a positive effect on brand trust. The results of study confirm that brand reputation partially mediates the effects of food & service quality, brand affect, and brand awareness on brand trust. In addition, the effect of brand association on brand trust is fully mediated via brand reputation. The study of CBCRBE offers insights into the efficient strategies that can be used to enhance brand reputation and secure brand trust in the restaurant industry. Finally, based on the result of the relationship between CBCRBE, brand reputation, and brand trust, the study compares the differences among the groups according to the consumer visit purposes in relation to the CBCRBE dimensions. The results of the study contribute to improve understanding of the complex psychological processes involved in consumer selection criteria for a chain restaurant or relevant service industry.
Supplementing corn-soybean meal diets with microbial phytase maximizes phytate phosphorus utilization by weanling pigs.

Two experiments were conducted with crossbred weanling pigs to determine the optimal dietary supplement of Aspergillus niger phytase activity to a low-P, corn-soybean meal basal diet (BD). In Exp. 1, 50 pigs (7.61 +/- .56 kg BW) received the BD supplemented with 750, 1,050, 1,250, or 1,350 phytase units (PU)/g, or . 21% P as mono-dibasic calcium phosphate (MDCaP) for 4 wk. In Exp. 2, 12 pigs (6.39 +/- .74 kg BW) were individually housed in metabolism cages and received BD, BD plus the optimal phytase activity (1,200 PU/g), or BD plus . 21% P as MDCaP for 2 wk. In Exp. 1, additions of phytase > 1,050 PU/g of BD did not improve ADG, ADFI, gain/feed, or plasma AP activity. Quadratic relationships between dietary phytase activity and these measures were found and their stationary points were at approximately 1,200 PU/g of BD. Estimated maximum responses of these measures in pigs fed phytase were > or = 90% compared with MDCaP. Pigs fed 1,250 PU/g of BD maintained normal plasma P and Ca concentrations. In Exp. 2, pigs that received 1,200 PU/g of BD utilized dietary P more effectively (P < .05) than pigs fed the BD or the BD plus MDCaP. Although they consumed 44% less P per day, these pigs retained only 7% less P than pigs that received MDCaP. One thousand units of phytase activity supported retention of 1.1 mg of P from the BD, and this level of phytase supplementation was equivalent in effect to . 91 mg of P from MDCaP. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The involvement of T cell receptor peptide-specific regulatory CD4+ T cells in recovery from antigen-induced autoimmune disease

Experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a prototype for CD4+ T cell-mediated autoimmune diseases. Immunization with myelin basic protein (MBP) in B10.PL mice results in EAE, and a majority of animals recover permanently from the disease. Most MBP-reactive encephalitogenic T cells recognize an immunodominant NH2-terminal peptide, Ac1-9, and predominantly use the T cell receptor (TCR) V beta 8.2 gene segment. Here we report that in mice recovering from MBP- induced EAE, peripheral T cells proliferate in response to a single immunodominant TCR peptide from the V beta 8.2 chain (amino acids 76- 101), indicating natural priming during the course of the disease. Cloned T cells, specific for this TCR peptide, specifically downregulate proliferative responses to Ac1-9 in vivo and also protect mice from MBP-induced EAE. These regulatory T cells express CD4 molecules and recognize a dominant peptide from the TCR variable framework region of V beta 8.2, in the context of the major histocompatibility complex class II molecule, I-Au, and predominantly use the TCR V beta 14 gene segment. This is the first demonstration of the physiological induction of TCR peptide-specific CD4+ T cells that result from MBP immunization and that are revealed only during the recovery from disease. The downregulation of disease-causing T cells by TCR peptide-specific T cells offers a mechanism for antigen-specific, network-induced recovery from autoimmune disease.
Generic Statistical Relational Entity Resolution in Knowledge Graphs

Entity resolution, the problem of identifying the underlying entity of references found in data, has been researched for many decades in many communities. A common theme in this research has been the importance of incorporating relational features into the resolution process. Relational entity resolution is particularly important in knowledge graphs (KGs), which have a regular structure capturing entities and their interrelationships. We identify three major problems in KG entity resolution: (1) intra-KG reference ambiguity; (2) inter-KG reference ambiguity; and (3) ambiguity when extending KGs with new facts. We implement a framework that generalizes across these three settings and exploits this regular structure of KGs. Our framework has many advantages over custom solutions widely deployed in industry, including collective inference, scalability, and interpretability. We apply our framework to two real-world KG entity resolution problems, ambiguity in NELL and merging data from Freebase and MusicBrainz, demonstrating the importance of relational features.
Impact of mode of delivery on the milk microbiota composition of healthy women

Breast milk constitutes one of the most important sources of postnatal microbes. However, the influence of perinatal factors on the milk microbiome is still poorly understood. The aim of our study was to assess the impact of mode of delivery on the microbiome composition and diversity present in breast milk of healthy mothers. Mature milk samples (n=10) were taken from mothers after 1 month of exclusively breastfeeding. Microbiomes from milk samples were analyzed with 16S ribosomal RNA gene pyrosequencing and targeted quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Despite inter-individual variability in bacterial composition, The Principal Coordinates Analysis clearly separated milk microbiome from mothers with vaginal delivery (n=6) from those who undergo C-section (n=4). In addition, higher bacterial diversity and richness was found in milk samples from vaginal deliveries. Quantitative PCR data showed that higher levels of Bifidobacterium spp. were related significantly to lower levels of Staphylococcus spp. Despite the low sample size, our data suggest that mode of delivery has an important impact on milk microbiome composition. Further studies with larger sample sizes are needed to confirm these results and to understand the biological effects of C-section associated microbes on infant’s health.
Relationship of the Masculinity-Femininity Scale of the MMPI to Intellectual Functioning

In a group of 97 male chronic alcoholics and other addicts (M age 37.7 yr., SD = 12.5), scores on the Raven's Matrices and on a multiple choice version of the WAIS Vocabulary subtest were significantly related to scores on the Masculinity-Femininity Scale of the MMPI: higher scorers on the scale had better intellectual skills.
Predictors of workplace deviant behaviour: HRD agenda for Malaysian support personnel

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a theoretical model of the determinants of workplace deviant behaviour among support personnel in Malaysian Public Service organisations. Design/methodology/approach – This study is based on reviews of past studies on workplace deviant behaviour. To conduct the literature review, several keywords were identified. Several electronic databases available at the university ' s library such as Springer, Proquest, SAGE, Emerald, EBSCOHost, Science Direct, and Blackwell Synergy were used to search for supporting materials and resources. Findings – In the reviews, the authors found three potential groups of workplace deviant behaviour determinants among support personnel. The determinants are individual-related factors, organisational-related factors, and work-related factors. The paper established job satisfaction as a mediating variable between the three potential groups of determinants and workplace deviant behaviour. Practical implications – Future research co.
The Role of Self-Schema in Linking Intentions with Behavior

It was hypothesized that self-schema would moderate the relationship between dieting female undergraduates' dieting intentions and their behavior. The predicted pattern was found: Schematics showed a significant correlation between their intentions and theirdietingbehaviorover8 weeks, but aschematics did not. This finding held even when dieting experience was taken into account. Although the groups showed similar stability of specific dieting intentions, schematics had more stable general dieting intentions. The pattern of correlations over time showed that schematics and aschematics were comparable in initial attempts to act on their intentions, both lapsed during semester break, but only schematics recovered from their lapse. Implications for the role of the self in the implementation of "costly" intentions are discussed.
Aspects of Quality of Life in Old Age: Studies on Life Events, Bereavement and Health

Psychological reactions and health-related quality of life were studied in relation to stressful life events, such as bereavement and ill health, among younger elderly persons (70–76 years) living in their own homes. The present studies are part of the gerontological and geriatric population studies in Goteborg, Sweden.I. Grief reactions studied in 50 newly bereaved subjects were characterised by loneliness, low mood, fatigue, anxiety and perceived cognitive dysfunctioning, generally diminishing during the one-year follow-up. Post-bereavement hallucinations and illusions one month after death of the spouse were feeling presence (illusions) (52%), seeing, hearing and talking to the deceased (26%, 30%, 30%), and being touched (6%). There was no spontaneous disclosure of hallucinations/illusions, although almost all subjects found it comforting and helpful. The quality of life was significantly lower among the bereaved than among married people.II. Stressful life events were experienced by 2/3 of the sample .
The Evolution of the IEA: A Memoir

The IEA appears to have been so named first in Hamburg, West Germany, at the Unesco Institute for Education on April 17, 1961, as a footnote to the agenda of the meeting of the Evaluation of Intellectual Processes Group: "An opportunity will be taken during the week to hold a brief discussion devoted to the International Project on the Evaluation of Educational Attainment (IEA). " Such an undramatic baptism followed a lengthy gestation. An informal group of educational researchers had met at the Unesco Institute since 1955, drawn together by W. D. Wall of England to discuss various common concerns. Torsten Husen suggests that the gestation came about because of Sputnik, which made U.S. educators aware of the fact that others might do things better. Simultaneously in Europe there was an increasing interest in comprehensive schools and the provision of secondary education to a larger proportion of the agegroup. The desire for change prompted a looking beyond one's borders. Coupled with this desire was an increasing interest in educational measurement on both sides of the Atlantic and, with it, an interest in quantitative and explanatory data rather than the narrative description then prevalent in comparative education.
Mechanical properties of single-layer black phosphorus

The mechanical properties of single-layer black phosphorus under uniaxial deformation are investigated using first-principles calculations. Both the Young's modulus and ultimate strain are found to be highly anisotropic and nonlinear as a result of its quasi-two-dimensional puckered structure. Specifically, the in-plane Young's modulus is 41.3 GPa in the direction perpendicular to the pucker and 106.4 GPa in the parallel direction. The ideal strain is 0.48 and 0.11 in the perpendicular and parallel directions, respectively.