Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Antibiotic susceptibilities, streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin gene profiles among clinical isolates of group C or G Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis & of group G S. anginosus group at a tertiary care centre

Background & objectives: Group C and group G streptococci (together GCGS) are often regarded as commensal bacteria and their role in streptococcal disease burden is under-recognized. While reports of recovery of GCGS from normally sterile body sites are increasing, their resistance to macrolides, fluoroquinolone further warrants all invasive β haemolytic streptococci to be identified to the species level and accurately tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. This study was aimed to determine the prevalence, clinical profile, antimicrobial susceptibility and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin gene profile (speA, speB, speC, speF, smeZ, speI, speM, speG, speH and ssa) of GCGS obtained over a period of two years at a tertiary care centre from north India. Methods: The clinical samples were processed as per standard microbiological techniques. β-haemolytic streptococci (BHS) were characterized and grouped. Antimicrobial susceptibility of GCGS was performed using disk diffusion method. All GCGS were characterized for the presence of streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins (spe) and spe genes were amplified by PCR method. Results: GCGS (23 GGS, 2GCS) comprised 16 per cent of β haemolytic streptococci (25/142 βHS, 16%) isolated over the study period. Of the 25 GCGS, 22 (88%) were recovered from pus, two (8%) from respiratory tract, whereas one isolate was recovered from blood of a fatal case of septicaemia. Of the total 23 GGS isolates, 18 (78%) were identified as Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp equisimilis (SDSE, large-colony phenotype), five (21%) were Streptococcus anginosus group (SAG, small-colony phenotype). The two GCS were identified as SDSE. All GCGS isolates were susceptible to penicillin, vancomycin, and linezolid. Tetracycline resistance was noted in 50 per cent of SDSE isolates. The rates of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance in SDSE were low. Twelve of the 20 SDSE isolates were positive for one or more spe genes, with five of the SDSE isolates simultaneously carrying speA+ speB+ smeZ+ speF or speB+ smeZ+speF, speI+speM+speG+speH or, speI+spe M+speH or speA+ speB+ speC+ smeZ+ speF. One notable finding was the presence of spe B in four of the five isolates of the Streptococcus anginosus group. No isolate was positive for ssa. Interpretation & conclusions: Our study showed no association between GCGS isolates harbouring streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxins and disease severity. This might be attributed to the small sample size of spe-positive isolates.
Applying undertaker cost functions to model quality assessment

Undertaker is a program designed to help predict protein structure using alignments to proteins of known structure and fragment assembly. The program generates conformations and uses cost functions to select the best structures from among the generated conformations. This paper describes the use of Undertaker's cost functions for model quality assessment. We achieve an accuracy that is similar to other methods, without using consensus‐based techniques. Adding consensus‐based features further improves our approach substantially. We report several correlation measures, including a new weighted version of Kendall's τ (τ3) and show model quality assessment results superior to previously published results on all correlation measures when using only models with no missing atoms. Proteins 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Sex-Segregation of Fields of Study: Trends during the College Years.

The field of study chosen by students represents an important part of the college experience. The organization of courses of study into "majors" or "fields of concentration" has been termed "the dominant feature of undergraduate education today" [41, p. 28]. The vast majority of colleges and universities require students to select a primary field of study. The extent of requirements for majors varies but is generally substantial: 30-40 percent of the total course load is typical of bachelor of arts programs and 40-50 percent is typical of bachelor of science programs [41, pp. 32-33]. The field of study constitutes a social as well as an intellectual environment for the student. College majors facilitate frequent contact between students having similar interests, shaping patterns of acquaintance and friendship [25]. Some evidence suggests important differences in the social dimensions of instruction between majors [33]. Other studies indicate that within colleges there is substantial variation between majors in the effort devoted to instruction [60, 53] and in the quality of instruction provided [32]. Political attitudes and grades also vary systematically across college majors [11]. Finally, and perhaps most importantly, college majors influence later-life occupations and earnings. Bielby has linked the field of study chosen by women in college to subsequent employment in female-
Low Complexity Zeroforcing Precoder Design Under Per-Antenna Power Constraints

The K-user multiple-input single-output broadcast channel is considered under per-antenna power constraints, i.e., each transmit antenna must satisfy its own power constraint. A low complexity zeroforcing (ZF) precoder is proposed when the number of transmit antennas M is greater than K. The proposed precoder design significantly reduces computational complexity for the precoder construction while attaining the sum spectral efficiency close to that achievable by the optimal ZF precoder.
Parameter estimation with additional information

This PhD thesis deals with the problem of estimating unknown parameters from noisy data using additional information. By additional information we denote any domain knowledge that is available to us except the data itself. Such prior domain knowledge very often arises naturally from the estimation problem at hand if the context is taken into account. The motivation to incorporate the prior domain knowledge is twofold: First, it allows us to ensure that the estimate will fulfill physical constraints which are given and second, we can also expect a better estimation performance. Diese Arbeit untersucht die Schatzung von Parametern aus verrauschten Beobachtungen mit zusatzlicher Information. Mit zusatzlicher Information ist dabei jegliches Wissen gemeint, welches neben den eigentlichen Beobachtungen zur Verfugung steht. In praktischen Anwendungen taucht solches Wissen meist auf ganz naturliche Art und Weise auf, namlich dann, wenn der Kontext der Anwendung mit berucksichtigt wird. Die Motivation zur Betrachtung solcher Parameterschatzprobleme ist zum einen, dass dadurch sichergestellt werden kann, dass physikalische Randbedingungen auch eingehalten werden. Zum anderen erlauben sie es, den Schatzfehler zu reduzieren, insbesondere in Fallen mit hoher Ungenauigkeit in den Beobachtungen.
The Instrumental Use of European Union Conditionality: Regionalization in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

Numerous Central and Eastern European countries have restructured their regional level of public administration in the context of their accession to the European Union. Focusing on the Czech Republic and Slovakia, the article studies how the EU has influenced the institutionalization of regions and regional self-government. Regionalization may have been driven mainly by EU conditionality or, as a competing explanation suggests, more by domestic factors. The article argues that the EU altered the opportunity structure faced by domestic actors but that its role was more complementary than decisive. Czech and Slovak governments instrumentalized a perceived EU conditionality to promote their own political objectives. These findings demonstrate that a top-down concept of conditionality lends itself to fallacies and should be substantiated by reconstructing the domestic politics of Europeanization.
Successful eculizumab treatment of recurrent postpartum atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome after kidney transplantation

Postpartum atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) is a rare disorder associated with poor maternal and fetal outcomes. We describe a case of severe postpartum aHUS with recurrence in a kidney allograft after a second pregnancy. The patient had initially presented age 28 years with aHUS that developed after her first delivery. In spite of treatment with plasma exchange, she developed end-stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring years of hemodialysis before receiving a kidney transplant from a living unrelated donor. Two years later, she became pregnant again and at 26 weeks gestation she presented to our hospital with hypertension and proteinuria. Within 48 hours of delivery she developed hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and oliguric acute kidney injury (AKI) culminating in the need for dialysis. There was no response to therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE). However, treatment with eculizumab led to prompt, successful resolution of hemolysis, thrombocytopenia, and AKI. Three months after therapy was stopped, her disease relapsed causing renal failure again requiring dialysis. At that time, an allograft biopsy revealed severe thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA). Eculizumab was resumed without plasma exchange leading to resolution of aHUS and return of kidney function. Now, her baby is nearly 2 years old. She remains on maintenance eculizumab therapy 1,200 mg every 2 weeks without dialysis. She has excellent renal function with creatinine of 1.2 mg/dL, eGFR 52 mL/min/1.73 m, and proteinuria 0.35 g/day. She will likely be on eculizumab for the remainder of her life.
Sector Blurring and Nonprofit Centers: The Case of the United Kingdom

Fifteen years have passed since the Centre for Voluntary Organisation was founded in London. In reviewing the history of research on the voluntary sector in the United Kingdom, the author asks whether the progressive blurring of boundaries between the governmental, proprietary, and voluntary sectors means that in the long run the third sector will disappear. He argues that it will not, proposing that the core of the voluntary sector is the associational base out of which organizations grow. In turn, that base has connections to the personal, nonorganizational sector of life. Sector blurring occurs at the boundaries between the sectors, but mixed form organizations generally do not have associational bases.
Misperceptions of Freedom of Religion or Belief

Freedom of religion or belief has been recognized as an international human right; however, some recent conceptualizations may blur its status as a human right by undermining the principles of universalism, freedom, and equality. This happens under different auspices, such as: combating defamation of religions, preserving a state imposed interreligious harmony, or promoting ideological versions of state secularism. In addition, some question the interrelatedness of freedom of religion and other human rights. By discussing typical misperceptions, this article aims to rebuild a consensus on the significance of freedom of religion or belief as a universal human right.
Existential and Atmospheric Feelings in Depressive Comportment

The goal of this paper is to give an account of typical changes of existential and atmospheric feelings in depressive comportment. It seems quite obvious that patterns of depressive experience and behavior differ in many respects from ‘normal’ patterns of encounters with the world. Although these patterns are manifested by a variety of surface behaviors, our interest lies rather in the general structure that underlies depressive comportment (here, particularly as it is expressed by more specific experiences, evaluative patterns, and behaviors). To understand how severe the changes are that are characteristic of depressive comportment, we first introduce a structure that implicitly underlies most of our encounters with the world, namely affective intentionality. The concept of affective intentionality captures the experiential unity of phenomenality and intentionality, as well as the bodily aspects, which are expressed in human comportments. To develop, eventually, in more detail how depressive comportment differs from nondepressive comportments, we provide a detailed analysis of narratives found in autobiographical reports of depressed persons published over the last 40 years. We also take into account responses to an online survey that was conducted as part of a philosophical study of depression at the University of Durham with the support of SANE, London. The analysis unfolds along the dimensions of both elementary and non-elementary existential feelings, as well as atmospheric feelings.
Dimensions of Organization Structure and their Context: A Replication

This study presents a replication of the work of Pugh et al. on aspects of organization structure. On a sample of nine manufacturing organizations it is found that the structural dimensions of specialization, formalization and standardization form one related group, and centralization and lack of autonomy form another. The first group of `structuring' variables are related to the size of the organization. The second group of `authority' variables are related to dependence on other organizations. These findings closely parallel those of Pugh et al. and because of the nature of the sample extend them somewhat.
Learning to parse liaison-initial words: An eye-tracking study*

This study investigates the processing of resyllabified words by native English speakers at three proficiency levels in French and by native French speakers. In particular, it examines non-native listeners’ development of a parsing procedure for recognizing vowel-initial words in the context of liaison, a process that creates a misalignment of the syllable and word boundaries in French. The participants completed an eye-tracking experiment in which they identified liaison- and consonant-initial real and nonce words in auditory stimuli. The results show that the non-native listeners had little difficulty recognizing liaison-initial real words, and they recognized liaison-initial nonce words more rapidly than consonant-initial ones. By contrast, native listeners recognized consonant-initial real and nonce words more rapidly than liaison-initial ones. These results suggest that native and non-native listeners used different parsing procedures for recognizing liaison-initial words in the task, with the non-native listeners’ ability to segment liaison-initial words being phonologically abstract rather than lexical.
On the Path towards a Competence-based Theory of the Firm

Exploiting the potential and tackling the problems of resource-based and competence-based research, this paper develops a proposal for a competence-based theory of the firm (CbTF). The CbTF is based on the fundamentals of market process theory and is independent of existing approaches to explaining the nature of the firm. The paper addresses the basics of the theory in terms of the philosophy of science by referring to the Lakatos model and the position of CbTF in organization theory. The fundamental question of the nature of the firm is approached by the notion of an organizational `ambiente' and by using findings of entrepreneurship research.
The Challenges Facing Landlocked Developing Countries

In spite of technological improvements in transport, landlocked developing countries continue to face structural challenges to accessing world markets. As a result, landlocked countries often lag behind their maritime neighbours in overall development and external trade. While the relatively poor performance of many landlocked countries can be attributed to distance from coast, this paper argues that several aspects of dependence on transit neighbours are also important. Four such types of dependence are discussed: dependence on neighbours’ infrastructure; dependence on sound cross-border political relations; dependence on neighbours’ peace and stability; and dependence on neighbours’ administrative practices. These factors combine to yield different sets of challenges and priorities in each landlocked country. The paper concludes with a brief set of policy recommendations. A detailed appendix presents maps and regional overviews that outline key challenges facing the landlocked countries in each region.
An exploration of factors predicting work alienation of knowledge workers

Purpose – There is limited research on the work alienation of knowledge workers in management studies. This paper seeks to address this gap by exploring the extent and reasons for the alienation of knowledge workers.Design/methodology/approach – In the absence of a comprehensive framework for understanding the work alienation of knowledge workers, various factors such as structural elements of centralization and formalization, work characteristics of autonomy, variety, creativity, meaningfulness and self‐expressiveness, quality of work relationships and justice perceptions were examined as predictors of work alienation. Survey data were collected from six different organizations in the information technology sector (n=1,142) in India.Findings – Around 20 percent of the sample was found to be alienated from work. The strongest predictors of work alienation for knowledge workers were found to be lack of meaningful work, inability of work to allow for self‐expression, and poor quality work relationships.Rese.
Job Satisfaction, Job Reward Characteristics, and Employees' Problem Drinking Behaviors

Studies of job-based influences on employees' drinking have focused on the effects of structural and stress-producing features of jobs on alcohol consumption. Unexplored is the possibility of mediation of job-to-drinking effects via levels of job satisfaction. Using data from a large national probability sample of full-time workers, the current study tests a model that incorporates worker satisfaction as a mediating variable. Our analyses reveal that a complex interplay of stressors, rewards, and work-related affect influence employees' problematic drinking behaviors. Further, satisfied workers are significantly less likely to drink problematically. This lends support to the “spillover” model of work effects, namely, that work has important effects on the adjustment and behavior of workers in nonwork settings.
Factors influencing the resilience of carers of individuals with dementia

Most individuals with dementia live in the community, receiving care from family or lay carers. Carers’ wellbeing, and the quality of the care they provide, depends on their resilience in the face of the challenges associated with caring for someone with dementia. However, factors associated with carers’ resilience are not yet fully understood. The aim of this review is to present a narrative synthesis of factors, materials and resources associated with carers’ resilience. Electronic and hand searches identified relevant published literature, which was narratively synthesized. A framework consisting of three inter-related domains of factors influencing carers’ resilience emerged, encompassing: social and cultural factors; properties of the care relationship; and carers’ psychological factors. Holistic assessment based on this framework can help practitioners to identify vulnerable carers and to target help on factors that help to make them vulnerable but that are amenable to change.
Godly Play Nourishing Children's Spirituality: A Case Study

Abstract Godly Play, an approach to Religious Education in early childhood devised by Jerome W. Berryman, has been utilized by many Christian denominations in Sunday school contexts and it is currently influencing the design of early years’ Religious Education curricula in many Catholic dioceses. One of the appealing qualities of the Godly Play process is that it is understood to nurture the spiritual dimension of children's lives. But how exactly does it do this? In drawing on the author's own research, this exploratory article examines, through a case study, the way in which four particular characteristics of children's spirituality—the felt sense, integrating awareness, weaving the threads of meaning, and spiritual questing—are brought to the fore and are nurtured during the Godly Play process. In this way, the article attempts to demonstrate how, in a practical sense, the Godly Play process may nurture the spirituality of children who engage in this process.
Making It Groove! Entrainment, Participation and Discrepancy in the 'Conversation' of a Jazz Trio

Abstract Focusing on a live performance by a jazz trio, this case study examines the wordless dialogical 'groove' between musicians. Building on ethnomusicological theories of interaction in conjunction with the notion of entrainment, the study makes use of in-depth temporal analysis of musical interaction alongside the reported phenomenal experiences of the participating musicians. This approach provides an intriguing triangulation between subjective experience and 'hard' temporal data and thus moves to a consideration of musical meaning away from the formal properties of a work and towards the dynamic interactions of the players. While the study of pragmatics has undoubtedly been important in the refinement of scholarly research into music performance, this article suggests that a turn to 'groove' may be of use in broadening our conceptions of linguistic interchange.
Culture and leadership: women in nonprofit and for-profit leadership positions within the European Union

Research has shown that women commonly hold positions of leadership within nonprofit organizations, while men typically hold the leadership positions within for-profit organizations. However, little research on women's leadership roles has been conducted within European Union countries. The purpose of this article is to examine women's leadership positions within nonprofit and for-profit organizations within the European Union and, using Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions Theory, to further investigate a potential correlation between national culture and female leadership. Fifty-one companies were examined based on type, country characteristics and gender dominance. A significant difference was found between organization type (nonprofit/for-profit) and organizational dominance (masculine/feminine). The findings suggest that the European Union has patterns of gendered leadership positions similar to patterns found previously in the USA. However, countries that were characterized as feminine had more than expected nonprofit organizations, while masculine countries had more for-profit organizations.
Multinationals in the Services and Manufacturing Sectors: A firm-level analysis using Japanese data

Using Japanese firm-level data, I investigate multinational enterprises (MNEs) in the services and manufacturing sectors. I examine whether MNEs are more productive than non-MNEs in the services sector as they are in the manufacturing sector. I employ the Kolmogorov-Smirnov (KS) test to compare the overall distribution of productivity by internationalized status, after estimating the productivity premia of MNEs. The results indicate that MNEs are more productive than non-MNEs in the services sector as they are in the manufacturing sector and suggest that the standard firm heterogeneity model can well explain foreign direct investment (FDI) by firms in the services sector.