Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What factors influence coopetitive relationships within an inter-organisational network?

Coopetition is a concept that describes the simultaneous cooperation and competition between organisations. The purpose of this research is to examine how certain factors that are perceived to be significant influence coopetitive relationships between 19 competing arts organisations and asks how much of an effect these factors have on those relationships. This research uses a thematic network as the framework for understanding and analysing multiple dyadic relationships and as such, employs the use of qualitative data collection methods: including semi-structured interviews and observational data to investigate the relationships between competing non-profit arts-based organisations in an inter-organisational network. The research findings demonstrate that the factors identified within this research can pose both challenges and successes to the coopetitive relationships found within the network. Four factors in particular (i.e. proximity, building relationships, expectations and management) have been found to influence coopetitive relationships. Although these factors are found to be crucial for the success of the coopetitive network, these factors also create tensions between member organisations. Specifically, this study makes two key contributions to coopetition literature. First, it extends our understanding of coopetitive relationships through a conceptualisation of coopetition using empirical data. It builds on previous work by Bengtsson and Kock (2000) who conceptualise coopetition as being one of three parts: cooperation between partners; competition between partners and the interaction between cooperation and competition. By conceptualising coopetition, this study discusses whether the factors for coopetition between single dyads can also apply in the context of a network of multiple dyads, and to what extent organisations can benefit or face challenges in coopetition. The aim is to enable a deeper understanding of coopetition and will also show how coopetitive networks operate. Secondly, the role of tension in coopetitive relationships is explored. Traditionally in literature, tensions in inter-organisational relations have been linked to paradoxical influences such as value creation versus value appropriation. As it will be discussed in later chapters, coopetition itself is considered paradoxical and unpredictable suggesting that managing it can be quite challenging; particularly if organisations aim to balance the mutual benefits afforded through cooperation with separate strategic goals from being competitors. Thus, the role tension plays in inter-organisation relationships is critical for understanding the relationship between cooperation and competition; which remains to date relatively under-researched in coopetition literature (Chen, 2008; Das and Teng, 2000; Luo, 2007). Through the case study and the qualitative study, this thesis demonstrates that an organisation's ability to manage its coopetitive ties is linked to how the concept of coopetition is viewed.
Fattributions: Exploring a female target-driven communication strategy for reducing blame in a fatist culture

This study explores whether anti-fat bias is reduced when obesity in women is perceived to be the result of an uncontrollable versus controllable factor. An experiment was designed to test whether manipulating the causal attribution in favor of the target (i.e., offering an uncontrollable attribution that removes all responsibility from the target for her obesity) would have an impact on perceivers' anti-fat attitudes, beliefs about weight controllability, and tendency to blame a woman for her weight. The exploration of this topic was conducted within a greater context of obesity-related issues including body image, social stigma, responsibility, and a culture of blame. Equally important in this endeavor was gaining insight into the reasons why women are blamed more for their obesity than their male counterparts. Attribution theory (Heider, 1958) serves as the primary theoretical framework. One hundred and eighty undergraduates from a large, southwestern university participated in the study. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the following six conditions, five of which contained a version of the treatment embedded in an essay: Uncontrollable attribution, controllable attribution, potentially controllable attribution, manifest mention of weight, no mention of weight or control. The potentially controllable attribution was ultimately determined to be insufficiently manipulated and responses generated in response to it were not included in the data analysis. All participants completed a survey comprised of various measures designed to gauge anti-fat attitudes, beliefs about weight controllability, and blame tendency. A mediated model examining the relationships among the above three variables was also tested. Additionally, participants completed the Obesity-Induced Blame Scale (OIBS); a
Computing the unmeasured: an algebraic approach to Internet mapping

Distance estimation is important to many Internet applications. It can aid a World Wide Web client when selecting among several potential candidate servers or among candidate peer-to-peer servers. It can also aid in building efficient overlay or peer-to-peer networks that react dynamically to changes in the underlying Internet. One of the approaches to distance (i.e., time delay) estimation in the Internet is based on placing tracer stations in key locations and conducting measurements between them. The tracers construct an approximated map of the Internet after processing the information obtained from these measurements. This work presents a novel algorithm, based on algebraic tools, that computes additional distances, which are not explicitly measured. As such, the algorithm extracts more information from the same amount of measurement data. Our algorithm has several practical impacts. First, it can reduce the number of tracers and measurements without sacrificing information. Second, our algorithm is able to compute distance estimates between locations where tracers cannot be placed. To evaluate the algorithm's performance, we tested it both on randomly generated topologies and on real Internet measurements. Our results show that the algorithm computes up to 50%-200% additional distances beyond the basic tracer-to-tracer measurements.
Modulating early visual processing by language

It is commonly assumed that language refers to high-level visual concepts while leaving low-level visual processing unaffected. This view dominates the current literature in computational models for language-vision tasks, where visual and linguistic input are mostly processed independently before being fused into a single representation. In this paper, we deviate from this classic pipeline and propose to modulate the \emph{entire visual processing} by linguistic input. Specifically, we condition the batch normalization parameters of a pretrained residual network (ResNet) on a language embedding. This approach, which we call MOdulated RESnet (\MRN), significantly improves strong baselines on two visual question answering tasks. Our ablation study shows that modulating from the early stages of the visual processing is beneficial.
Psychotherapy after Brain Injury: Principles and Techniques

1. Introduction and Overview. 2. Guidelines for Early Psychotherapy Sessions and General Treatment Considerations. 3. Increasing Patients' Self-awareness. 4. S. M. Myles, Sense of Self and Identity. 5. Increasing Acceptance. 6. Life Skills Training. 7. E. Koberstein, Family Life. 8. Communication and Social Skills. 9. Adjustment and Treatment Termination. 10. Psychotherapist Self-care: Managing Stress and Avoiding Burnout.
Time from pre-eclampsia diagnosis to delivery affects future health prospects of children

Abstract Background and objectives Pre-eclampsia often has detrimental health effects for pregnant women and their fetuses, but whether exposure in the womb has long-term health-consequences for children as they grow up remains poorly understood. We assessed overall morbidity of children following exposure to either mild or severe pre-eclampsia up to 30 years after birth and related disease risks to duration of exposure, i.e. the time from diagnosis to delivery. Methodology We did a registry-based retrospective cohort study in Denmark covering the years 1979–2009, using the separate diagnoses of mild and severe pre-eclampsia and the duration of exposure as predictor variables for specific and overall risks of later disease. We analysed 3 537 525 diagnoses for 14 disease groups, accumulated by 758 524 singleton children, after subdividing deliveries in six gestational age categories, partialing out effects of eight potentially confounding factors. Results Exposure to mild pre-eclampsia appeared to have consistent negative effects on health later in life, although only a few specific disease cases remained significant after corrections for multiple testing. Morbidity risks associated with mild pre-eclampsia were of similar magnitude as those associated with severe pre-eclampsia. Apart from this overall trend in number of diagnoses incurred across disease groups, hazard ratios for several disorders also increased with the duration of exposure, including disorders related to the metabolic syndrome. Conclusions and implications Maternal pre-eclampsia has lasting effects on offspring health and differences between exposure to severe and mild pre-eclampsia appear to be less than previously assumed. Our results suggest that it would be prudent to include the long-term health prospects of children in the complex clinical management of mild pre-eclampsia.
Bacterial Diversity in Human Subgingival Plaque

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to determine the bacterial diversity in the human subgingival plaque by using culture-independent molecular methods as part of an ongoing effort to obtain full 16S rRNA sequences for all cultivable and not-yet-cultivated species of human oral bacteria. Subgingival plaque was analyzed from healthy subjects and subjects with refractory periodontitis, adult periodontitis, human immunodeficiency virus periodontitis, and acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) bacterial genes from DNA isolated from subgingival plaque samples were PCR amplified with all-bacterial or selective primers and cloned into Escherichia coli. The sequences of cloned 16S rDNA inserts were used to determine species identity or closest relatives by comparison with sequences of known species. A total of 2,522 clones were analyzed. Nearly complete sequences of approximately 1,500 bases were obtained for putative new species. About 60% of the clones fell into 132 known species, 70 of which were identified from multiple subjects. About 40% of the clones were novel phylotypes. Of the 215 novel phylotypes, 75 were identified from multiple subjects. Known putative periodontal pathogens such asPorphyromonas gingivalis, Bacteroides forsythus, and Treponema denticola were identified from multiple subjects, but typically as a minor component of the plaque as seen in cultivable studies. Several phylotypes fell into two recently described phyla previously associated with extreme natural environments, for which there are no cultivable species. A number of species or phylotypes were found only in subjects with disease, and a few were found only in healthy subjects. The organisms identified only from diseased sites deserve further study as potential pathogens. Based on the sequence data in this study, the predominant subgingival microbial community consisted of 347 species or phylotypes that fall into 9 bacterial phyla. Based on the 347 species seen in our sample of 2,522 clones, we estimate that there are 68 additional unseen species, for a total estimate of 415 species in the subgingival plaque. When organisms found on other oral surfaces such as the cheek, tongue, and teeth are added to this number, the best estimate of the total species diversity in the oral cavity is approximately 500 species, as previously proposed.
Distributed Virtual Reality: Supporting Remote Collaboration in Vehicle Design

Gathering a group of remotely located engineers to design a vehicle can be difficult, especially if they live in different countries. To overcome this obstacle, we-a team at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) in the US in partnership with Germany's National Research Center for Information Technology (GMD) developed a collaborative virtual prototyping system for Caterpillar. The Virtual Prototyping System (VPS) will let engineers in Belgium and the US work together on vehicle designs using distributed virtual reality. The system supports collaborative design review and interactive redesign. Integrated real-time video transmissions let engineers see other participants in a shared virtual environment at each remote site's viewpoint position and orientation. Any number of remotely located sites may join in the shared VE, communicating via multicast. The system has been tested with three sites at NCSA.
An Official Journal of the American Heart Association 1971 NO . 4 Histamine and Interstitial Pulmonary Edema in the Dog

Histamine, administered to dogs by various routes, produced peribronchial interstitial edema. Using colloidal carbon as an electron-dense tracer, it was shown that bronchial venules had become leaky at the same time that the minute blood vessels of the pulmonary circulation remained unaffected by the histamine. The effect of histamine was rapid and brief in duration: wide interendothelial gaps appeared in the walls of bronchial venules through which blood and tracer escaped into the interstitium. This action of histamine seemed to be related to the presence in the bronchial venular endothelium of abundant cytoplasmic fibrils that presumably have contractile capacity. Water content of the lungs was consistent with morphologic evidence that histamine promoted the accumulation of fluid in the lungs. The same pattern of response was observed after bradykinin or compound 48/80, a mast cell degranulator. In contrast to these three agents, serotonin did not affect bronchial venular permeability to colloidal carbon. Consideration of these observations in the light of the large extent of the bronchial venular plexus, raises the possibility that the bronchial venular system may play an important reabsorptive role under normal circumstances and that it may also be involved in the genesis of certain types of interstitial pulmonary edema.
Identification of a novel founder mutation in the DYSF gene causing clinical variability in the Spanish population.

BACKGROUND Mutations in the dysferlin (DYSF) gene cause 3 different phenotypes of muscular dystrophies: Miyoshi myopathy, limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B, and distal anterior compartment myopathy. OBJECTIVE To present the results of clinical and molecular analysis of 8 patients with dysferlinopathy from 5 unrelated families. DESIGN Clinical assessment was performed with a standardized protocol. A muscle biopsy specimen was obtained and studied by immunohistochemistry. Genetic analysis was performed using single-stranded conformation polymorphism and direct sequencing of genomic DNA. RESULTS All the patients presented the R1905X mutation in the DYSF gene in homozygosity, and the haplotype analysis at the DYSF locus revealed that it was a novel and founder mutation. A C-to-T transition at nucleotide position 6086 changes an arginine into a stop codon, leading to premature termination of translation. This mutation was expressed as 3 different clinical phenotypes (limb-girdle muscular dystrophy type 2B, Miyoshi distal myopathy, and distal anterior dysferlinopathy), but only 1 phenotype was found in the same family. CONCLUSIONS The new R1905X DYSF founder mutation produced the 3 possible dysferlinopathy phenotypes without intrafamilial heterogeneity. This homogeneous population in Sueca, Spain, should be helpful in studying the modifying factors responsible for the phenotypic variability.
Thiazolidinedione Induces Apoptosis and Monocytic Differentiation in the Promyelocytic Leukemia Cell Line HL60

Thiazolidinedione (TZD) is known to be a potent activator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), a nuclear receptor that constitutes a heterodimer with retinoid X receptor (RXR). Since a considerable amount of PPARγ is expressed in various hematopoietic cells, the present study was undertaken to examine the effect of TZD in the absence or presence of LG100268, an RXR-selective ligand, on a cultured promyelocytic leukemia cell line, HL60. Treatment with TZD (25–50 µM troglitazone or pioglitazone) markedly suppressed cell proliferation of HL60. A cell cycle analysis revealed that the suppressive effect of troglitazone on HL60 cell proliferations was caused by G0/G1 cell cycle arrest as well as by an apoptotic effect. Treatment with the same concentration of troglitazone also induced the monocytic differentiation of HL60 cells. The apoptotic or the differentiating effect of TZD on HL60 cells was synergistically enhanced by the combined treatment with 1 µM LG100268, while LG100268 alone neither had an apoptotic nor a differentiating effect on HL60 cells. These results suggest that these actions are mediated through the nuclear receptor system constituted by the PPARγ: RXR heterodimer.
Diagnostic efficiency of low-dose CT angiography compared with conventional angiography in peripheral arterial occlusions.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess the diagnostic efficiency and radiation dose of peripheral arterial CT angiography (CTA) performed at a low tube voltage of 70 kV in comparison with conventional angiography. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Thirty consecutive patients (body mass index ≤ 25 kg/m(2)) with known or suspected peripheral arterial occlusion diseases underwent both CTA at a low tube voltage of 70 kV and conventional angiography. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value (NPV), and accuracy of peripheral arterial CTA were evaluated. The radiation dose was recorded. RESULTS Diagnostic CTA images were obtained in all patients. CTA allowed accurate identification, characterization, and measurement of all peripheral arterial occlusive diseases. In conventional angiography, 360 diseased segments were found among the 810 segments evaluated. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and accuracy of CTA were 100% (95% CI, 98.81-100%), 93.5% (90.96-95.36%), 90.86% (87.38-93.45%), 100% (99.17-100%), and 96.05% (94.48-97.19%), respectively, with a kappa value of 0.92 (excellent agreement). The mean CT dose index was 3.71 ± 0.8 mGy, and the dose-length product was 446.6 ± 35.7 mGy × cm. The effective dose was 1.94 ± 0.21 mSv for CTA and 4.41 ± 0.64 mSv for conventional angiography. CONCLUSION CTA of peripheral arteries with a low tube voltage of 70 kV provides reliable information and serves as a rapidly performed and easily available "one-stop-shop" imaging modality in the diagnosis of peripheral arterial occlusion diseases.
Clinicopathological study and management of liver abscess in a tertiary care center

Background: Liver abscess is a burning problem in tropical nations, with often lethal consequences and diagnostic/therapeutic challenges. We have determined etiopathology, clinical, radiological, and bacteriological characteristics of this condition and review its management strategies. Materials and Methods: During the period of the month from May 2007 to September 2009, a prospective study was performed involving 125 patients admitted to the in-patient ward of the Department of General Surgery of N.R. S Medical College their diagnosis was made on the basis of clinical features (such as right upper abdomen pain, and fever), laboratory investigations and radiological evidence of liver abscess. Results: Amoebic liver abscess was the most common (88%) type of liver abscess among the study groups. There was a strong correlation with the occurrence of liver abscesses and addiction to alcohol, history of diabetes mellitus and low socioeconomic status. The most common etiology of pyogenic liver abscess was Escherichia coli. Ultrasonography (USG) of the abdomen was accurate and cost-effective in diagnosis of liver abscesses. Percutaneous catheter drainage was the most effective method of treatment (with a 100% success rate). Conclusion: Most patients in our study had liver abscess of amoebic origin and had temporal relationship with diabetes, alcoholism, and staggering socioeconomic status. We suggest early recognition of clinical features and prompt abdominal USG as cost-effective means for treatment initiation and reducing complications.
Children and Their Incarcerated Parents: The Importance of Kids' Days at Tasmania's Risdon Prison

It is unfortunate that in an era when progressive thinking is celebrated, human rights are on many people’s agenda, and both government and non-government organisations are supposedly working to create a more sustainable life for those considered to be marginalised, the difficulties that families of offenders face rarely take centre stage in political forums or policy debates. Imprisonment, largely based on a model of retribution, is immune to the plight of families, caught up in the ‘ripple effect’ that extends well beyond the incarcerated family member.The following discussion examines the challenges encountered by the children of offenders and considers the emotional, social and financial toll that arises as a result of parental incarceration as well as the potential risks of intergenerational criminality. National and international initiatives aimed at fostering and maintaining the relationship between incarcerated parents and their children are examined. Attention is drawn to ‘Shine For Kids’, a New South Wales non-government organisation created to assist prisoners’ children. Kids’ Days, operating successfully in Tasmania’s Risdon Prison, is a program intended to improve contact and interaction between children and their imprisoned parents. Kids’ Days recognise the rights of children to know and interact with their parents, and for parents, regardless of their status as offenders, to know and interact with their children.
B-IFDMA - A Power Efficient Multiple Access Scheme for Non-frequency-adaptive Transmission

Within the EU FP6 Integrated Projects WINNER and WINNER II, multiple access schemes for frequency-adaptive and non-frequency-adaptive transmission for a future broadband mobile wireless system are investigated. This paper presents a novel power efficient multiple access scheme for non-frequency-adaptive uplink transmission denoted Block Interleaved Frequency Division Multiple Access (B-IFDMA), which provides large frequency-diversity, potential power savings by user terminal sleep mode, modest high power amplifier backoff and robustness to frequency-offsets, and phase noise.