Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Condensed Graph Microprocessor to Drive Parallel Computing

This paper discusses the implementation of a Condensed Graph (CG) Microprocessor on a Xilinx FPGA. The initial goal of the Microprocessor is to be the front-end scheduler of a meta-computer, executing applications according to the Condensed Graph Model. The second goal being the realization of a fully fledged parallel machine architecture based on the CG model. The Condensed Graph Model of Computing is a directed graph-based model that is implicitly parallel, easily exposing parallelism in applications expressed as Condensed Graphs. It has been the focus of much research in recent years and has been the centre of many parallel-computing research projects to date. The CG Microprocessor is the first hardware implementation of the CG Model, whose aim is to apply hardware acceleration to the scheduling of computations in a meta-computing environment. Some of the possible future applications that could benefit from the use of the CG Microprocessor are also discussed.
Compact anisotropic stars with membrane - a new class of exact solutions to the Einstein field equations

I report on a new class of solutions to the classical field equations of general relativity with zero cosmological constant. The solutions describe a spherically symmetric, compact self gravitating object with a smooth interior matter-distribution, residing in a static electro-vacuum space time. An outstanding feature of the new solutions is a sharp, non-continuous boundary of the matter-distribution, which is accompanied by a membrane consisting of pure tangential pressure (surface tension/stress). The interior matter state generally has a locally anisotropic pressure. A procedure to generate various new solutions is given. Some particular cases are derived explicitly and discussed briefly. To single out the physically most promising solutions, a selection principle based on the holographic principle is formulated. One solution of particular interest emerges. The so called holographic solution, short holostar, is characterized by the property, that the ”stressenergy content” of the holostar’s boundary membrane is equal to its gravitating mass. The holostar’s real membrane has identical properties to the - fictitious - membrane attributed to a black hole by the membrane paradigm. This feature guarantees, that the holostar’s dynamical action on the exterior space-time is practically identical to that of a black hole with the same mass. The holostar’s interior matter state can be interpreted as a collection of tightly packed radial strings attached to the spherical boundary membrane. The properties of the holographic solution are discussed in detail in three parallel papers. The solution provides a singularity free alternative to black holes and the standard cosmological models.
Linguistic Knowledge as Memory for Recurrent Neural Networks

Training recurrent neural networks to model long term dependencies is difficult. Hence, we propose to use external linguistic knowledge as an explicit signal to inform the model which memories it should utilize. Specifically, external knowledge is used to augment a sequence with typed edges between arbitrarily distant elements, and the resulting graph is decomposed into directed acyclic subgraphs. We introduce a model that encodes such graphs as explicit memory in recurrent neural networks, and use it to model coreference relations in text. We apply our model to several text comprehension tasks and achieve new state-of-the-art results on all considered benchmarks, including CNN, bAbi, and LAMBADA. On the bAbi QA tasks, our model solves 15 out of the 20 tasks with only 1000 training examples per task. Analysis of the learned representations further demonstrates the ability of our model to encode fine-grained entity information across a document.
Individual Behavior and Group Membership

People who are members of a group and identify with it behave differently from people who perceive themselves as isolated individuals. This paper shows that group membership affects preferences over outcomes, and saliency of the group affects the perception of the environment. We manipulate the saliency of group membership by letting a player's own group watch as a passive audience as decisions are made, and/or by making part of the payoff common for members of the group. In contrast to the minimal-group paradigm, minimal groups alone do not affect behavior in our strategic environments. However, salient group membership significantly increases the aggressive stance of the hosts (people who have their group members in the audience), and tends to reduce that of the guests. (JEL D71, Z13)
Inequalities in health by social class dimensions in European countries of different political traditions.

OBJECTIVE To compare inequalities in self-perceived health in the population older than 50 years, in 2004, using Wright's social class dimensions, in nine European countries grouped in three political traditions (Social democracy, Christian democracy and Late democracies). METHODS Cross-sectional design, including data of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (Sweden, Denmark, Austria, France, Germany, The Netherlands, Spain, Italy and Greece). The population aged from 50 to 74 years was included. Absolute and relative social class dimension inequalities in poor self-reported health and long-term illness were determined for each sex and political tradition. Relative inequalities were assessed by fitting Poisson regression models with robust variance estimators. RESULTS Absolute and relative health inequalities by social class dimensions are found in the three political traditions, but these differences are more marked in Late democracies and mainly among women. For example the prevalence ratio of poor self-perceived health comparing poorly educated women with highly educated women, was 1.75 (95% CI: 1.39-2.21) in Late democracies and 1.36 (95% CI: 1.21-1.52) in Social democracies. The prevalence differences were 24.2 and 13.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION This study is one of the first to show the impact of different political traditions on social class inequalities in health. These results emphasize the need to evaluate the impact of the implementation of public policies.
Predictors of Bullying Involvement in Young Adolescents: The Role of Internalized and Externalized Anger, Emotional Intelligence and Narcissism

This study was intended to identify unique social-emotional traits of participants involved in bullying. The participants were students in Grades 7 and 8 from five schools in Midwestern Ontario (N = 412). Measures of bullying, anger, emotional intelligence, and narcissism were administered to operationalize components of a hybrid socio-emotional model of school based bullying. Five distinct subgroups of bullies and targets were identified. These were: (1) Bullies, participants who were aggressors with a power advantage who repeatedly hurt, humiliated, or dominated peers; (2) Directly Aggressive Bullies, participants who were aggressors whose identity was known to the Target; (3) Indirectly Aggressive Bullies, participants who were aggressors whose identity was concealed from the Target; (4) Targets, participants who were recipients of repeated peer aggression for which they had limited ability to prevent; and (5) Bully-Targets, participants who met the study criteria for involvement both as Bullies and Targets. All other participants in the research were assigned to the Non-Involved Group. Boys in each of the grades and boys and girls in Grade 8 were more likely to be classified as Directly Aggressive Bullies and as Bully-Targets than Non-Involved students. Directly Aggressive Bullies were more likely to report high levels of externalized anger and to have difficulty managing their emotions. Classification as an Indirectly Aggressive Bully was predicted by higher levels of internalized anger. Lower levels of externalized anger and higher levels of internalized anger and extent of anger predicted classification as a Target. Bully-Targets also reported higher levels of externalized anger, internalized anger, and lower levels of narcissism than the Non-Involved group. These results suggest that anger management should be the central focus of interventions designed to reduce bullying. This focus is especially important for Bully-Targets who have high levels of both internalized and externalized anger. Other identified groups of students who are
Antecedents of an interviewer's fit perceptions of an applicant: the role of actual and perceived similarity

Antecedents of an Interviewer’s Fit Perceptions of an Applicant: The Role of Actual and Perceived Similarity. (August 2004) Maria Fernanda Garcia, B.S., Universidad de Buenos Aires; M.B.A., University of Houston at Clear Lake Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Adrienne Colella In this dissertation I will present and test a model linking actual applicantinterviewer demographic, human capital, and cultural capital similarity to an interviewer’s recommendation to hire. Actual similarity is proposed to influence an interviewer’s perceptions of similarity with an applicant. These perceptions, in turn, lead to the interviewer’s perceptions of the applicant’s Person-Organization (PO) fit and the applicant’s Person-Job (PJ) fit. Two main mechanisms are proposed to mediate the relationship between an interviewer’s perceptions of similarity and an interviewer’s perceptions of an applicant’s fit: liking and negative behavioral expectations. Lastly, both an interviewer’s PO and PJ fit perceptions of an applicant are posited to influence the interviewer’s recommendation to hire. A total of 118 interviewer-applicant dyads contacted through the Career Center Office at a University located in the southwestern United States participated in the study. Results partially support the model. An interviewer’s perceptions of similarity with an applicant are positively related to an interviewer’s fit evaluations. An interviewer’s negative behavioral expectations of an applicant mediate this relationship. Furthermore, perceived similarity is positively
Development of the college-attendance value scale for second-year students in Taiwan

Purpose The purpose of this paper is twofold: to develop the college-attendance value scale (CAVS) in the Taiwan context to understand undergraduates’ reasons for or benefits from college education, and to examine how the value relates to additional motivational goals, academic performance, and expected terminal degree. Design/methodology/approach Data analyses involved sophomores (n=729) who completed a learning-experience survey that included CAVS of the personal value and collective value subscales, expected terminal degree, Achievement Goal Questionnaire, and cumulative grade point average (CGPA). Construct validity evidence was substantiated by the results of exploratory factor analysis (n=364) for two-factor identification, and by the results of confirmatory factor analysis (n=365) for a good model-ﬁt. Findings The interrelations between variables in regression analysis supported the predictive validity; achievement goals were predictors of CGPA, while personal value was a sole predictor of expected terminal degree. Findings suggest that CAVS is a predictive measure for Taiwanese undergraduates’ academic performance and choices. Practical implications In terms of policy implications, college students’ values of college attendance should not only be regularly investigated by institutional research, but should be widely applied by university students, educators and administrators to facilitate the optimal learning development for each undergraduate. Originality/value The study develops a short but effective scale of college-attendance value for the Taiwanese students who usually attend college after graduating from high school. The CAVS is useful in manifesting the students’ major reasons for pursuing college education.
A PRELIMINARY THORON SURVEY IN THE UPPER MIDWEST

Although thoron (2201Zn) was recognized as a potential source of radiation exposure in homes twenty yearsago, only a few homes in the United States have been measured for thoron. Early indoor surveys suggested that thoron concentrations would generally be low, highly variable, and make a poor surrogate for thoron pro eny dose. Howeyer, 522 recent reports of significant thoron interference with some radon (Rn) detectors have renewed interest in thoron. In the upper Midwest, a region where three of the North American radon-lung cancer studies took place, basement living spaces near thoron-generating soil are common raising the possibility of thoron interference in those studies. Passive, integrating, radon-thoron discriminating detectors (ATDs) and non-discriminating detectors were developed and exposed for 90 days in 76 Minnesota homes and 19 eastern Iowa homes-at interior locations where ATD radon measurements are routinely made. The overall thoron and radon distributions are lognormal with geometric mean (geometric standard deviation); and arithmetic mean of 20 (1.8), 35 Bq m-3 respectively and 140 (2.6), 210 Bq m"3. Thoron and radon were correlated, especially for basement measurements where both isotopes had higher concentrations than on first floors. In the nondiscriminatory ATD, the median percentage of tracks attributable to thoron was 17%. This contamination was enough to cause some ATD results to be false positives for the current radon action level in some of the homes measured. The thoron interference would create a contamination of the radon-related dose estimate that averages about lo%, assuming current equilibrium ratios and dose model estimates are correct.
Neumann Series on the Recursive Moments of Copula-Dependent Aggregate Discounted Claims

We study the recursive moments of aggregate discounted claims, where the dependence between the inter-claim time and the subsequent claim size is considered. Using the general expression for the m-th order moment proposed by Leveille and Garrido (Scand. Actuar. J. 2001 , 2, 98–110), which takes the form of the Volterra integral equation (VIE), we used the method of successive approximation to derive the Neumann series of the recursive moments. We then compute the first two moments of aggregate discounted claims, i.e., its mean and variance, based on the Neumann series expression, where the dependence structure is captured by a Farlie–Gumbel–Morgenstern (FGM) copula, a Gaussian copula and a Gumbel copula with exponential marginal distributions. Insurance premium calculations with their figures are also illustrated.
Variation of Shrinkage Strain within the Depth of Concrete Beams

The variation of shrinkage strain within beam depth was examined through four series of time-dependent laboratory experiments on unreinforced concrete beam specimens. Two types of beam specimens, horizontally cast and vertically cast, were tested; shrinkage variation was observed in the horizontally cast specimens. This indicated that the shrinkage variation within the beam depth was due to water bleeding and tamping during the placement of the fresh concrete. Shrinkage strains were measured within the beam depth by two types of strain gages, surface-attached and embedded. The shrinkage strain distribution within the beam depth showed a consistent tendency for the two types of gages. The test beams were cut into four sections after completion of the test, and the cutting planes were divided into four equal sub-areas to measure the aggregate concentration for each sub-area of the cutting plane. The aggregate concentration increased towards the bottom of the beam. The shrinkage strain distribution was estimated by Hobbs’ equation, which accounts for the change of aggregate volume concentration.
Men in pink collars: Stereotype threat and disengagement among male teachers and child protection workers

Male employees are a traditionally advantaged group, but when working in a female-dominated industry they may be vulnerable to negative gender stereotypes. The current research examined stereotype threat among men in two traditionally feminine jobs. Study 1 measured stereotype threat among primary school teachers and found that men experienced more stereotype threat than women, and that feelings of stereotype threat were related to negative job attitudes for men but not women. Study 2 manipulated the direction of social comparisons to elicit stereotype threat among male child protection workers. For men but not women, upward social comparisons with a successful feminine target elicited stereotype threat. In turn, stereotype threat was associated with intentions to resign and feeling expected to perform stereotypic masculine work tasks. These results suggest that despite their advantaged status, men in pink-collar jobs are susceptible to workplace stereotype threat.
Internalisasi Nilai Kebersamaan melalui Pembelajaran Seni Gamelan (Pendidikan Karakter bagi Mahasiswa)

A BSTRACT Â The research is motivated by imbalance behaviors among the younger generation as the responsible generation for continuing the national aspiration which has been in very alarming point. These imÂ­ balance behaviors are (1) integrity crisis and promiscuity among students, (2) gang fight between students who are intellectually should set a good example to the society (3) distortion of togetherness value, and (4) widespread loss of national character or identity that caused multi dimension crisis which leads to disintegration process. Consequently, it is necessary to provide an alternative solution to restore peaceful life and uphold togetherness value as a part of distinctive Indonesian national character through formal educational dimension. Â Keywords: Togetherness ValueÂ­GamelanÂ­Character Education Â Â A B STRAK Â Penelitian ini termotivasi oleh ketidakseimbangan perilaku di kalangan generasi muda se- bagai generasi yang bertanggung jawab untuk melanjutkan aspirasi nasional yang telah berada pada titik yang sangat mengkhawatirkan. Ketidakseimbangan perilaku itu ialah (1) krisis integritas dan pergaulan bebas di kalangan mahasiswa, (2) tawuran antara ma- hasiswa yang secara intelektual seharusnya memberikan contoh yang baik kepada ma- syarakat (3) distorsi nilai kebersamaan, dan (4) hilangnya karakter atau identitas nasional secara luas yang menyebabkan krisis multi dimensi yang mengarah pada proses disinte- grasi. Oleh karena itu, perlu memberikan solusi alternatif untuk memulihkan kehidupan yang damai dan menjunjung tinggi nilai kebersamaan sebagai bagian dari karakter nasio- nal khas Indonesia melalui dimensi pendidikan formal. Â Kata kunci: nilai kebersamaan, Pembelajaran Seni Gamelan , pendidikan karakter Â Â
Constructing conditions of participation through play formats: children with hearing impairment and complex needs

ABSTRACT This article explores the processes that facilitate interaction between children with unequal prerequisites for communication. Empirical examples are gathered from Norwegian schools and kindergartens. Some of the children in the study have hearing impairment in combination with intellectual disability. The examples demonstrate how these children make use of culturally imparted play formats. These formats have a narrative structure; they are repeated and varied throughout the interaction. They consist of interchangeable roles and are dialogically organized. Participation is enabled through intersubjective processes that are situated in these play formats. The article describes how divergent communicative resources can interact in intersubjective processes that facilitate communication. The deep structures in the play formats, imparted through child culture, have a scaffolding function in communicative processes.
Shot detection method for low bit-rate H.264 video coding

This paper presents a low-complexity shot detection method for real-time, low bitrate video coding. Aimed at compression efficiency instead of frame indexing or other purposes, it is based on the macroblock intra/inter decision and the use of two thresholds. The first threshold is fixed and the second one is adaptive, providing robust scene change detection on almost all conditions (camera motion, zoom, high motion scenes or low number of frames per second). This method introduces the minimum number of necessary (but expensive in terms of bitrate) refreshing points in the video stream. The algorithm has been implemented and tested in an H.264 coder used to encode QCIF format sequences at a low, constant bitrate, for real-time, low delay communications.
Analysis of gene expression profiles in the programmed cell death rat retinal ganglion cells ( RGC-5 ) Research Article

The death of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) is the primary cause of losing vision in glaucoma, and the death of these cells may be due to the loss of neurotrophic factors. Molecular networks underlying RGCs response to serum deprivation are not fully understood. We hypothesized that there would be change in the gene expression levels associated with the biological pathways over the period of time for RGC-5 serum deprivation. The aim of this study was to further identify and characterize biological pathways for apoptotic RGC-5 time dependent programmed cell death. Agilent technology (genome-scale, long oligonucleotide microarrays) was used to characterize candidate genes involved in apoptotic signal transduction pathways in rat retinal ganglion cells. We identified the most highly up-and down-regulated genes for each time point. In addition, we identified 80 genes across all time points using one-way ANOVA (p-value <0.05). The most highly sinfigicant differentially expressed genes were imported into PathwayStudio software to build biological pathways of RGC cell death mechanisms. Gene Ontology (GO) and network analyses were employed to identify significant biological processes and regulatory networks critical for RGC-5s response to serum deprivation time courses. Microarray data was validated using Real Time PCR. For the differentially expressed genes, only the annotated genes were considered. We demonstrated that complement component 3 (C3), the major complement protein of the alternative complement pathway, was up-regulated in serum-deprived RGC-5. Immunocytochemistry and confocal microscopy showed that C3 protein was detected in isolated RGC-5, including the rat retina itself. Our results provide a detailed view of the distinct temporal changes in gene expression induced by time courses of RGC-5 serum deprivation, and demonstrates the potential for discovery in applying systems biology approaches to understanding the mechanisms underlying RGC-5s response to apoptotic signals. An understanding of the apoptotic pathway in RGCs may lead to the development of new treatments that could block the apoptotic cell process during periods of stress.
What Makes a Good MOOC: A Field Study of Factors Impacting Student Motivation to Learn

ABSTRACT Massive Online Open Course (MOOC) research indicates that lack of student motivation to learn generally plays a significant role in student attrition and dropouts. Aside from this, very little is known specifically about student motivation to learn in MOOCs. The purpose of this study is to empirically investigate the ways in which content, navigation, learning and support, accessibility, interactivity, visual design, and self-assessment and learnability impact the student motivation to learn in a MOOC. Understanding these relationships will provide MOOC educators and administrators with valuable understanding of the factors impacting student motivation to learn. Furthermore, the study analyzes the motivational factors of learners and identifies learners into different categories. The data for the study were collected from the Coursera course “iMOOC101: Mastering American e-Learning. ” The study findings indicate that content, accessibility, and interactivity significantly impact student motivation to learn, whereas navigation and learning and support marginally impact student motivation to learn. However, visual design and self-assessment and learnability were not found to be significant in student motivation to learn.