Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Patient perceptions and expectations of an anticoagulation service: a quantitative comparison study of clinic‐based testers and patient self‐testers

Background Government initiatives see the provision of technology‐assisted self‐care as one of the key areas in which there is capacity for improving quality of care whilst reducing costs. However, levels of patient engagement in self‐testing and management (STM) remain low. Little emphasis has been placed on understanding the patients' perspectives of the reasons for this limited engagement. Typically, patient engagement in STM is achieved via the provision of patient education programmes, which aim to enable patients to make the changes necessary to become competent self‐carers. However, placing the onus to change on the individual patient is unrealistic. If levels of patient engagement are to be improved, patient needs and expectations of clinical services must be better understood and service provision must be adapted accordingly. Objective Explore patient perceptions and expectations of clinical service provision and their views of having and making choices about care. Methods Participants [N = 191, 103 patient self‐tester managers (PSTMs) and 87 clinic‐based testers (CBTs)] completed the SERVQUAL and ChQ instruments to capture perspectives on service quality and choice, respectively. A comparative statistical analysis explored the similarities and differences between PSTMs' and CBTs' responses. Results Clinic‐based testers' perceptions of service quality were significantly more positive than PSTMs', as were their expectations of the ‘tangible’ aspects of service delivery. PSTMs' expectations of service quality were significantly higher than their perceptions. PSTMs attributed significantly more value to making choices compared with CBTs. Conclusions and recommendations To close the gap between PSTMs expectations and perceptions of service quality and better cater for their choice preferences, service providers may benefit from taking into account the following practice considerations: maintain frequent, timely, personalised and direct interactions with PSTMs; prioritise investment in resources to facilitate patient/practitioner interaction over tangible facilities; ensure that PSTMs are given the opportunity to make choices about their care.
Congestion pricing based on historical data: a new approach to congestion control

Congestion pricing-based transmission control protocol (TCP) congestion control can be used for dynamic pricing. It is believed by the Internet community that this type of pricing is more appropriate for Internet users. There are a number of congestion pricing-based congestion control schemes that can be found in the literature. They incorporate an active queue management (AQM) scheme and some explicit feedback from the network. This feedback is generated by setting the congestion experienced (CE) bit in the header of the packets traveling in the forward direction, and the destination sending the pricing information gathered from the receiving packets to the sender by an acknowledgement segment traveling in the reverse direction. However, fairness of these methods depends on the parameters selected. The approach presented in this paper uses historical data to find the congestion-price of a connection. Once the price is found, it can be used to calculate the appropriate rate of the connection. This method uses only the naturally available round trip time (RTT). Hence, it does not have to use the CE bit in the header of the IP packets thereby reducing the processing time at the routers.
The Video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) of Semicircular Canal Function – Age-Dependent Normative Values of VOR Gain in Healthy Subjects

Background/hypothesis The video Head Impulse Test (vHIT) is now widely used to test the function of each of the six semicircular canals individually by measuring the eye rotation response to an abrupt head rotation in the plane of the canal. The main measure of canal adequacy is the ratio of the eye movement response to the head movement stimulus, i.e., the gain of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). However, there is a need for normative data about how VOR gain is affected by age and also by head velocity, to allow the response of any particular patient to be compared to the responses of healthy subjects in their age range. In this study, we determined for all six semicircular canals, normative values of VOR gain, for each canal across a range of head velocities, for healthy subjects in each decade of life. Study design The VOR gain was measured for all canals across a range of head velocities for at least 10 healthy subjects in decade age bands: 10–19, 20–29, 30–39, 40–49, 50–59, 60–69, 70–79, 80–89. Methods The compensatory eye movement response to a small, unpredictable, abrupt head rotation (head impulse) was measured by the ICS impulse prototype system. The same operator delivered every impulse to every subject. Results Vestibulo-ocular reflex gain decreased at high head velocities, but was largely unaffected by age into the 80- to 89-year age group. There were some small but systematic differences between the two directions of head rotation, which appear to be largely due to the fact that in this study only the right eye was measured. The results are considered in relation to recent evidence about the effect of age on VOR performance. Conclusion These normative values allow the results of any particular patient to be compared to the values of healthy people in their age range and so allow, for example, detection of whether a patient has a bilateral vestibular loss. VOR gain, as measured directly by the eye movement response to head rotation, seems largely unaffected by aging.
Associations of Job Stress Indicators with Oxidative Biomarkers in Japanese Men and Women

Some researchers have suggested that oxidative damage may be one of the mechanisms linking job stress with coronary heart disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between job stress indicators and oxidative biomarkers. The study included 567 subjects (272 men, 295 women) who answered questionnaires related to their work and underwent a medical examination. Job stress evaluated using the demands-control-support model was measured using the Job Content Questionnaire. Effort-reward imbalance was measured using the Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire. Urinary hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were measured by the modified ferrous ion oxidation xylenol orange version-1 method and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. In men, the changes in the odds ratios for high urinary H2O2 associated with a 1-standard-deviation (SD) increase in worksite social support were 0.69 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.53, 0.91) univariately and 0.68 (95%CI 0.51, 0.90) after adjustment for covariates. The change in the odds ratio for high urinary H2O2 associated with a 1-SD increase in effort-reward ratio was 1.35 (95% CI 1.03, 1.78) after adjustment for covariates. In women, there were no significant associations of the two job stress indicators with urinary H2O2 and 8-OHdG levels after adjustment for covariates (p > 0.05).
Information Systems Diversity: Metaphor, Meaning and Myth

Diversity pervades our lives being bo th a salient feature of the world around us and an unavoidable characteristic of the human endeavor. In the IS discipline there have been great discussions over the many issues stemming from diversity in our research. However, much of the discussion has overlooked the more fundamental issue of research diversity itself. This paper contributes to current understandings of research diversity by making research diversity the prime focus. Theoretically, it looks at diversity through the alternative lens of concepts. Empirically, it explores the conceptual diversity of the organization – a key disciplinary concept. Grounded in Lakoff and Johnson’s (1980) work with metaphors, the results show that the discipline’s research may not be as diverse as initially thought. Of the three primary views of the organization; machine, organism and culture – the study finds a distinct bias toward conceptualizing the organization as a machine.
Differential involvement of RASSF2 hypermethylation in breast cancer subtypes and their prognosis

Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease that can be subdivided into clinical, histopathological and molecular subtypes (luminal A-like, luminal B-like/HER2-negative, luminal B-like/HER2-positive, HER2-positive, and triple-negative). The study of new molecular factors is essential to obtain further insights into the mechanisms involved in the tumorigenesis of each tumor subtype. RASSF2 is a gene that is hypermethylated in breast cancer and whose clinical value has not been previously studied. The hypermethylation of RASSF1 and RASSF2 genes was analyzed in 198 breast tumors of different subtypes. The effect of the demethylating agent 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine in the re-expression of these genes was examined in triple-negative (BT-549), HER2 (SK-BR-3), and luminal cells (T-47D). Different patterns of RASSF2 expression for distinct tumor subtypes were detected by immunohistochemistry. RASSF2 hypermethylation was much more frequent in luminal subtypes than in non-luminal tumors (p = 0.001). The re-expression of this gene by lentiviral transduction contributed to the differential cell proliferation and response to antineoplastic drugs observed in luminal compared with triple-negative cell lines. RASSF2 hypermethylation is associated with better prognosis in multivariate statistical analysis (P = 0.039). In conclusion, RASSF2 gene is differently methylated in luminal and non-luminal tumors and is a promising suppressor gene with clinical involvement in breast cancer.
Learn from the Past : Improving Model-Directed Optimization by Transfer Learning Based on Distance-Based Bias

For many optimization problems it is possible to define a problem-specific distance metric over decision variables that correlates with the strength of interactions between the variables. Examples of such problems include additively decomposable functions, facility location problems, and atomic cluster optimization. However, the use of such a metric for enhancing efficiency of optimization techniques is often not straightforward. This paper describes a framework that allows optimization practitioners to improve efficiency of model-directed optimization techniques by combining such a distance metric with information mined from previous optimization runs on similar problems. The framework is demonstrated and empirically evaluated in the context of the hierarchical Bayesian optimization algorithm (hBOA). Experimental results provide strong empirical evidence that the proposed approach provides significant speedups and that it can be effectively combined with other efficiency enhancements. The paper demonstrates how straightforward it is to adapt the proposed framework to other model-directed optimization techniques by presenting several examples.
Functional Networking of Human Divergently Paired Genes (DPGs)

Divergently paired genes (DPGs), also known as bidirectional (head-to-head positioned) genes, are conserved across species and lineages, and thus deemed to be exceptional in genomic organization and functional regulation. Despite previous investigations on the features of their conservation and gene organization, the functional relationship among DPGs in a given species and lineage has not been thoroughly clarified. Here we report a network-based comprehensive analysis on human DPGs and our results indicate that the two members of the DPGs tend to participate in different biological processes while enforcing related functions as modules. Comparing to randomly paired genes as a control, the DPG pairs have a tendency to be clustered in similar “cellular components” and involved in similar “molecular functions”. The functional network bridged by DPGs consists of three major modules. The largest module includes many house-keeping genes involved in core cellular activities. This module also shows low variation in expression in both CNS (central nervous system) and non-CNS tissues. Based on analyses of disease transcriptome data, we further suggest that this particular module may play crucial roles in HIV infection and its disease mechanism.
Measuring Enterprise Systems Success: A Preliminary Model

The business value of Enterprise Systems (ES), and in general large software implementations, has been extensively debated in both the popular press and in the academic literature for over three decades. Organizations have invested heavily in Enterprise Systems (and related infrastructure), presumably expecting positive outcomes to the organization. Some studies have reported large productivity improvements and substantial benefits from Enterprise Systems, while others have reported that Enterprise Systems have not had any bottom-line improvements. This paper discusses preliminary findings from a study of evaluating ES success in 27 organizations in Queensland, Australia. Two surveys, an exploratory survey followed by a confirmatory survey, were conducted and data from four hundred and fifty four respondents was analyzed. An a priori model of ES success with five constructs and forty-two sub-constructs was tested. Validation of the model constructs through exploratory factor analysis identified four dimensions of ES success.
Sources of Funds and Specialization Patterns of European Venture Capital Investments

This paper analyses the link between venture capitalists' sources of funds, such as banks and pension funds, and the specialization pattern of venture capital investments in particular industries and particular stages of enterprises' development. Based on a panel data set of Western European countries, the results of the analysis show that sources of funds and investment specialization patterns are linked. For example, the specialization in the early stage of enterprises' development depends positively on the importance of pension funds and negatively on the importance of banks as sources of funds. These results reject models that assume independence of sources of funds and investment patterns.
Correlation of Gas Permeability in a Metal-Organic Framework MIL-101(Cr)–Polysulfone Mixed-Matrix Membrane with Free Volume Measurements by Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS)

Hydrothermally stable particles of the metal-organic framework MIL-101(Cr) were incorporated into a polysulfone (PSF) matrix to produce mixed-matrix or composite membranes with excellent dispersion of MIL-101 particles and good adhesion within the polymer matrix. Pure gas (O2, N2, CO2 and CH4) permeation tests showed a significant increase of gas permeabilities of the mixed-matrix membranes without any loss in selectivity. Positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) indicated that the increased gas permeability is due to the free volume in the PSF polymer and the added large free volume inside the MIL-101 particles. The trend of the gas transport properties of the composite membranes could be reproduced by a Maxwell model.
Classification using partial least squares with penalized logistic regression

MOTIVATION One important aspect of data-mining of microarray data is to discover the molecular variation among cancers. In microarray studies, the number n of samples is relatively small compared to the number p of genes per sample (usually in thousands). It is known that standard statistical methods in classification are efficient (i.e. in the present case, yield successful classifiers) particularly when n is (far) larger than p. This naturally calls for the use of a dimension reduction procedure together with the classification one. RESULTS In this paper, the question of classification in such a high-dimensional setting is addressed. We view the classification problem as a regression one with few observations and many predictor variables. We propose a new method combining partial least squares (PLS) and Ridge penalized logistic regression. We review the existing methods based on PLS and/or penalized likelihood techniques, outline their interest in some cases and theoretically explain their sometimes poor behavior. Our procedure is compared with these other classifiers. The predictive performance of the resulting classification rule is illustrated on three data sets: Leukemia, Colon and Prostate.
Structure and Overlaps of Ground-Truth Communities in Networks

One of the main organizing principles in real-world networks is that of network communities, where sets of nodes organize into densely linked clusters. Even though detection of such communities is of great interest, understanding the structure communities in large networks remains relatively limited. In particular, due to the unavailability of labeled ground-truth data, it was traditionally very hard to develop accurate models of network community structure. Here we use six large social, collaboration, and information networks where nodes explicitly state their ground-truth community memberships. For example, nodes in social networks join into explicitly defined interest based groups, and we use such groups as explicitly labeled ground-truth communities. We use such ground-truth communities to study their structural signatures by analyzing how ground-truth communities emerge in networks and how they overlap. We observe some surprising phenomena. First, ground-truth communities contain high-degree hub nodes that reside in community overlaps and link to most of the members of the community. Second, the overlaps of communities are more densely connected than the non-overlapping parts of communities. We show that this in contrast to the conventional wisdom that community overlaps are more sparsely connected than the non-overlapping parts themselves. We then show that many existing models of network communities do not capture dense community overlaps. This in turn means that most present models and community detection methods confuse overlaps as separate communities. In contrast, we present the community-affiliation graph model (AGM), a conceptual model of network community structure. We demonstrate that AGM reliably captures the overall structure of networks as well as the overlapping and hierarchical nature of network communities.
Expression of Constitutively Active CDK1 Stabilizes APC-Cdh1 Substrates and Potentiates Premature Spindle Assembly and Checkpoint Function in G1 Cells

Mitotic progression in eukaryotic cells depends upon the activation of cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (CDK1), followed by its inactivation through the anaphase-promoting complex (APC)/cyclosome-mediated degradation of M-phase cyclins. Previous work revealed that expression of a constitutively active CDK1 (CDK1AF) in HeLa cells permitted their division, but yielded G1 daughter cells that underwent premature S-phase and early mitotic events. While CDK1AF was found to impede the sustained activity of APC-Cdh1, it was unknown if this defect improperly stabilized mitotic substrates and contributed to the occurrence of these premature M phases. Here, we show that CDK1AF expression in HeLa cells improperly stabilized APC-Cdh1 substrates in G1-phase daughter cells, including mitotic kinases and the APC adaptor, Cdc20. Division of CDK1AF-expressing cells produced G1 daughters with an accelerated S-phase onset, interrupted by the formation of premature bipolar spindles capable of spindle assembly checkpoint function. Further characterization of these phenotypes induced by CDK1AF expression revealed that this early spindle formation depended upon premature CDK1 and Aurora B activities, and their inhibition induced rapid spindle disassembly. Following its normal M-phase degradation, we found that the absence of Wee1 in these prematurely cycling daughter cells permitted the endogenous CDK1 to contribute to these premature mitotic events, since expression of a non-degradable Wee1 reduced the number of cells that exhibited premature cyclin B1oscillations. Lastly, we discovered that Cdh1-ablated cells could not be forced into a premature M phase, despite cyclin B1 overexpression and proteasome inhibition. Together, these results demonstrate that expression of constitutively active CDK1AF hampers the destruction of critical APC-Cdh1 targets, and that this type of condition could prevent newly divided cells from properly maintaining a prolonged interphase state. We propose that this more subtle type of defect in activity of the APC-driven negative-feedback loop may have implications for triggering genome instability and tumorigenesis.
The Influence of Newspaper Prose Organization on Core Proposition Recall and Reader Proposition Production

This research study asked whether journalistic writing, as found in daily newswriting, facilitated or hindered the recall of main ideas and the recall of ideas developed by the reader. Comparisons were made to the recall of main ideas and the recall of reader developed ideas after reading condensed versions of ttrhe same materials. The questions asked by the study are based on a review of literature that identified overall prose passage organization as a readability factor important to reader retention of main ideas. A review of current research based on theories of story and prose passage structures and on memory structures was made. The development of techniques for observing the results of reader interaction with material read was noted. Study subjects read two short daily news articles, similar in length, prose organization, numbers of core propositions, and numbers of overall propositions in their original form or in a condensed form that utilized only core propositions (i.e., main ideas). Twenty-five high school seniors read and responded to two tasks by recalling passage,ideas and their own ideas. A practice day preceded two days of testing. Results identified no significant differences in the recall of main ideas after reading an original news story or after reading a condensed news story. However; using a ratio of ideas generated by the reader to ideas read, idea prodv~tion was significantly greater after reading the condensed material. Incidental findings identified order of response as making a significant difference in the nwnber of main ideas recalled. A greater number of passage ideas was retained when recall of main ideas was the first task. Avenues for continued research include: exploration of the limits of this study's findings; identification of the relationship of recall error to prose organization; the refinement of observation techniques; understanding of atypical organization in reader recall; the relationship of prose structure to quality of reader-developed ideas; and understanding idea development as a process. Skilled readers should be able to utilize daily news articles for retention of factual ideas. However, within the organization of this study, the condensed material produced the same recall in fewer words. If the reader's goal is to remember what is read, recall of text ideas should precede the reader's production of ideas that are his own. Observation of retellings enable the teacher to closely observe the reader's retention resulting from interaction with the text. Observation will be less channeled by external influences such as questions, workbook tasks or teacher assignments.