Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simultaneous Determination of Ferulic Acid and Phthalides of Angelica Sinensis Based on UPLC-Q-TOF/MS

The radix of Angelica sinensis (AS) is one of the most commonly used as a herbal medicine. To investigate the geoherbalism and quality evaluation of AS, an ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-Q-TOF/MS) method was established to analyze and identify ferulic acid and phthalides in AS. The results showed that among samples collected in four regions, the relative contents of ferulic acid and phthalides were highest in samples collected in Gansu, and the samples from the four different regions were apparently classified into four groups. Meanwhile, the relative content in non-fumigated root was higher than after sulfur-fumigation and the sulfur-fumigated and non-fumigated samples were obviously divided into two groups by PCA. The paper establishes a systematic and objective evaluation system to provide a scientific basis for evaluating the quality of AS.
Interaction between pancreatic cancer cells and tumor‐associated macrophages promotes the invasion of pancreatic cancer cells and the differentiation and migration of macrophages

In this study, the impact of pancreatic cancer cell interaction with macrophages on the differentiation and function of macrophages and the behaviors of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro is evaluated. The expression of immunocompetent cell‐associated markers in 22 pancreatic cancer specimens was characterized by immunohistochemistry. The impact of pancreatic cancer cells (PANC‐1 and BxPC‐3) on the differentiation and migration of human U937 monocytes and the effect of U937‐derived macrophages on the proliferation and invasion of PANC‐1 and BxPC‐3 were determined by transwell assays. The potential effect on U937‐derived macrophages or on the behaviors of pancreatic cancer cells following coculture in a transwell system was analyzed by quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction. The high levels of macrophage‐related CD68 and CD163 expression were detected in the pancreatic cancer specimens. Pancreatic cancer cells promoted the differentiation of U937 cells and migration of U937‐derived macrophages, but decreased the mRNA transcripts of macrophage polarization‐related genes of interleukin (IL)‐10, IL‐12p40, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and CD163, particularly for iNOS. Furthermore, U937‐derived M2 macrophages inhibited the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells, but promoted their invasion. Coculture of pancreatic cancer cells with U937‐derived macrophages upregulated the mRNA expression of genes associated with the epithelial–mesenchymal transition process, angiogenesis, and stemness of pancreatic cancer, but downregulated the expression of E‐cadherin in pancreatic cancer cells. The interaction between pancreatic cancer cells and tumor‐associated macrophages may play a pivotal role in the progression of pancreatic cancer. © 2014 IUBMB Life, 66(12):835–846, 2014
Serum Collagen Type II Cleavage Epitope and Serum Hyaluronic Acid as Biomarkers for Treatment Monitoring of Dogs with Hip Osteoarthritis

The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of serum type II collagen cleavage epitope and serum hyaluronic acid as biomarkers for treatment monitoring in osteoarthritic dogs. For this purpose, a treatment model based on mesenchymal stem cells derived from adipose tissue combined with plasma rich in growth factors was used. This clinical study included 10 dogs with hip osteoarthritis. Both analytes were measured in serum at baseline, just before applying the treatment, and 1, 3, and 6 months after treatment. These results were compared with those obtained from force plate analysis using the same animals during the same study period. Levels of type II collagen cleavage epitope decreased and those of hyaluronic acid increased with clinical improvement objectively verified via force plate analysis, suggesting these two biomarkers could be effective as indicators of clinical development of joint disease in dogs.
Analyzing the professions: the case for the neo-Weberian approach

This paper makes the case for the neo-Weberian approach for analyzing the professions. It starts by reviewing the difficulties of other main approaches to the sociology of professions ‐ including the trait approach, functionalism, interactionism, Marxism and Foucauldianism. It is argued that the issues they pose are largely addressed by the neo-Weberian approach, the key features of which are outlined and illustrated with reference to the pivotal case of health care. The neo-Weberian approach itself is then critically evaluated. The paper concludes that, despite the recent emergence of a broader approach to analyzing occupational groups centred on the discourse of professionalism, the neo-Weberian approach remains the most incisive and empirically fruitful perspective on the sociology of professions.
Universities in Transition: The Promise and the Challenge of New Technologies

This essay reviews two interrelated sets of changes that are having a major influence on higher education now and for the future. Our primary concern is with the changes wrought by the incorporation of new information and communication technologies into the teaching activities of colleges and universities. Today these are normally discussed under the rubric of “distance education,” but we believe this label misconceives the importance of online technologies in blurring the distinctions between on- and off-campus teaching. We consider a number of ethical and policy issues arising from these changes and the ways in which the uses of these new technologies affect and are affected by a second set of changes affecting universities, the conditions of globalization. In general, we want to question the forced options of boosterism or rejectionism, along with other unhelpful dichotomies that have characterized much of the discussion of these issues up until now.
Cyberbullying involvement among students with ADHD: relation to loneliness, self-efficacy and social support

Cyberbullying is defined as an intentional online act via electronic media, to harm, embarrass and/or humiliate another person. As adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at a higher risk in being involved in bullying behaviour as perpetrators or victims, the main purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence of their cyber experience and its impact on loneliness, perceived self-efficacy and social support. The study population included 140 adolescent students with ADHD taking part in general classes and 332 students without disabilities, all of whom completed four self-report questionnaires (cyberbullying, perceived feelings of loneliness, self-efficacy and social support). The findings show no significant differences between students with or without ADHD regarding the time spent on the net and their perceived usage expertise. Most participants with ADHD were familiar with the internet and spent a similar amount of time surfing as the adolescents without ADHD. Results revealed significant differences between the student groups (ADHD/Non-ADHD) and some of the social-emotional measures: students with ADHD who were cybervictims and students with ADHD who were cyberwitnesses reported on greater feelings of emotional loneliness and a lower belief in their social self-efficacy than the non-ADHD students. Furthermore, ADHD student cyberwitnesses also reported on feelings of greater social loneliness. Findings revealed that girls were significantly more often cybervictims than boys. However, boys reported on significantly more involvement as cyberperpetrators than girls.
Psychosocial Factors for Successful Ageing

This paper aims to present the major psychological factors for successful ageing and mental health in old age. In particular, ways of maintaining and enhancing high quality of life in late adulthood are discussed. The major factors are: (1) physical health; (2) personal income and financial stability; (3) family dynamics and cohesiveness; (4) social support networks; (5) meaning of life - goal setting and subjective evaluation; (6) maintenance of optimal level of cognitive functioning; (7) personal control and prevention of depression; (8) diversity of stress-coping strategies; (9) mastery of bereavement and widowhood; (10) self-justification mechanism of negative life outcomes. In order to check generality andlor universality across various cultures, the cross-cultural approach was adopted.
Human motion signatures: analysis, synthesis, recognition

Human motion is the composite consequence of multiple elements, including the action performed and a motion signature that captures the distinctive pattern of movement of a particular individual. We develop an algorithm that is capable of extracting these motion elements and recombining them in novel ways. The algorithm analyzes motion data spanning multiple subjects performing different actions. The analysis yields a generative motion model that can synthesize new motions in the distinctive styles of these individuals. Our algorithms can also recognize people and actions from new motions by comparing motion signatures and action parameters.
How does learning (not) take place in problem-based learning activities in workplace contexts?

The paper discusses problem-based learning (PBL) as a mediating factor in generating a variety of learning networks in workplace contexts. It is argued that informal learning in experiential circumstances can be systematized to encourage deep learning at the individual and collective level. Given the distinct problem-solving opportunities in PBL, learners can increase their capacity to acquire new knowledge through self-inquiry, reflection and dialogue. The repositioning of learning attitudes also leads to an enlargement of communities of practice wherein double and triple-loop learning cycles intersect to create rigorous learning. An integrated model is proposed to explain the dynamics of PBL operating within the constraints of workplace contexts.
Interpreting policy language and managing organisational change: The case of Queensland Rugby Union

This paper uses Derrida's (1976, 1978, 1981, 1982) postmodern theories of deconstruction and ‘differance’ to analyse organisational change in Queensland Rugby Union (QRU) during the 1990s. Specifically, it aims to examine the ways in which internal policy and planning documents produced by QRU were formulated, and subsequently interpreted by the many volunteer officials at the local and community level. Derrida's constructs provided a framework within which to explain the potential for policy and planning documents to produce fragmented organisational outcomes. This approach to the interpretation of texts proved a valuable tool for exploring the paradoxes, biases, and contradictions in social and organisational behaviour. Data was collected through semi‐structured interviews with individuals at differing functional levels within the QRU hierarchy. The interview data was supplemented by content analysis of policy and planning documents developed by the QRU. The results showed that policy and planning documents were not only interpreted differently at the different functional levels of the QRU, but when used to guide change, often met resistance that was not anticipated. The ambiguity of these documents therefore complicated the organisational change process because organisational sub‐units frequently gave meanings to the text that were not intended by senior management.
Efficiency of Classification as a Function of Number of Jobs, Per Cent Rejected, and the Validity and Intercorrelation of Job Performance Estimates

An earlier article (2) presented the average productivity of men assigned by a classification battery as a function of several relevant factors. The present paper develops a more exact and general solution to the major problems of the earlier article and extends certain aspects of the findings. In particular, only two job categories were previously used in computing the efficiency of classification for correlated estimates of job performance. Also, an approximate technique had to be used in estimating efficiency of classification for uncorrelated estimates of job performance when the number of jobs exceeded two. The present article seeks to correct these two limitations.
Perceptual and Psychological Factors in Career Decision-Making of Adolescents with and without Cognitive Disabilities

The selection of a career or a job is a complex process involving the consideration and eventual compromise of multiple factors. These factors include economic and financial variables, societal and familial expectations and individual strengths, weaknesses and interests. Super (1953) emphasized the developmental and phenomenological components of career choice while others have pointed to the lifelong aspects of career development (Clark, Carlson, Fisher, Cook & D’Alonzo, 1991). Among these phenomenological factors is the recognition that career choice is influenced by both the expectations and perceptions of others about the student and the expectations and perceptions of the student him or herself.
Old Industrial Regions, Technology, and Innovation: Tensions of Obduracy and Transformation

Work on regions and technologically informed innovation has often focused on high-tech regions as exemplars of apparent success in economic development. This paper, by contrast, focuses on understanding how regions transform themselves in respect of pervasive pressures, in relation to old industrial regions. In particular, the possible tensions between pressures for transformation and the potential obduracy of social, cultural, and institutional interrelationships are highlighted by reflection on the broad body of work termed the ‘new regionalism’. Four issues are raised and then are integrated to develop an approach to researching the tensions between pressures for transformation and the obduracy of old industrial regions. The paper examines a case study of the early stages of a particular technologically informed innovation—a hydrogen economy development—in an old industrial ‘region’: Teesside in northeast England. After consideration of this case study I highlight four important issues in the conclusion that are raised during exploration of tensions of obduracy and transformation in an old industrial region.
Attributing leadership personality and effectiveness from the leader's face: an exploratory study

Purpose – The paper aims to explore the processes by which individuals make attributions about a leader's personality and effectiveness based upon information contained within a photograph of a leader's face.Design/methodology/approach – A mixed methodology approach is taken which combines an individual survey with a follow‐up focus group conducted with five classes of MBA students. In the survey, respondents were asked to rate the photographic images of ten CEOs for personality traits and leadership effectiveness that were apparent in the face; in the focus group, they were asked to reflect upon the processes they had utilized in order to make their attributions.Findings – The study demonstrated that the vast majority of the participants actively used the face to attribute personality traits of the leaders as well as their ability to lead. The survey revealed that perceived leadership effectiveness was positively correlated to perceived extraversion, agreeableness, openness, conscientiousness, and narcis.
Push, scream, or leave: how do consumers cope with crowded retail stores?

Purpose – The paper examines coping strategies that consumers use within crowded retail stores. Specifically, this study explores and identifies coping strategies that consumers use, investigates whether the Folkman or Duhachek coping frameworks adequately capture all of the ways consumers cope, and looks at the implications these coping strategies may have on consumers and retailers.Design/methodology/approach – A three‐stage qualitative study was conducted. Stage One consisted of informal interviews with customers. Stage Two was a pilot study of airport passengers. Stage Three was an online qualitative survey.Findings – Many of Duhachek's and Folkman's coping strategies were operative within a crowded retail setting. The coping strategies that were frequently used were distancing, avoidance, social support, rational thinking, action, escape, positive thinking, emotional venting, and confrontive. The study also found that further refinement of coping strategies and scales is needed.Research limitations/i.
DIMENSIONS OF STUDY BEHAVIOUR: ANOTHER LOOK AT ATI

Summary. This paper reports a series of studies in the development of a Study Behaviour Questionnaire (SBQ), for use with university students. The major problem in the present research was to determine optimal ways of combining SBQ item scores: by sorting people's responses to items (R-analysis), or by sorting items on the basis of how they discriminate between people (Q-analysis). 464 Arts and Science first-year students completed the SBQ. The responses were analysed in both R and Q designs, and the resulting scale scores for each student were merged with his high school and university performance data. In the R-analysis, 102 items were selected to sample 10 domains of study behaviour, and responses to these items were subjected to an oblique multiple group method of factor analysis. The 10 domains of study behaviour were confirmed although there was some significant intercorrelation between domains. In the Q-analysis, four students were chosen at random from the Ability (high, medium, low) × Faculty (Arts, Science) × Sex matrix, replicated once. These categories were called ‘tests,’ and the items ‘people. ’ Using an oblique Procrustes method of factoring, three Q-scales were obtained. Factor scores on each of the 10 R and three Q scales were obtained for each student, and relationships with sex, faculty and performance were investigated.
Mapping of prosodic structure onto words and phrases in children's and adults' speech production

Direct recordings of lip and jaw movement were obtained to investigate how children and adults differentiate prosodic structure both within iambic and trochaic words and across word boundaries. It was hypothesised that children, especially those with less language skills, would be particularly likely to produce strong-weak (or trochaic) sequences. This experiment examined children's (both normally developing and specifically language impaired, aged 4–6 years) and adults’ productions of prosodic sequences that were controlled for syntactic and phonetic content, but that differed in rhythmic alternations, both within words (i. e., iambs vs. trochees) and across words (i. e., optimal strong-weak vs. stress gap or stress clash). To avoid final position effects, target words were in utterance internal position. Analyses included kinematic measures of prosodic structure (i. e., amplitude and duration of movements in weak vs. strong syllables; ratios of weak-to-strong movements). Consistent with prior work, weak syllables in iambs were produced differentially from those in trochees; though these effects were now observed in utterance position. However, in noun-noun sequences within a phrase, even when the rhythm rule was violated, prosodic foot structure was not reorganised as a function of rhythmic properties of the utterance. Overall, children with the least mature language skills demonstrated poor control of temporal and amplitude aspects of movement, especially in weak syllables. Findings are related to the organisation of speech production units across prosodic levels.
Between power and powerlessness: a meta-ethnography of sources of resilience in young refugees

Objective. This article reviews available qualitative studies that report young refugees’ ways of dealing with adversity to address their sources of resilience. Design. We searched five electronic databases. Twenty-six empirical studies were included in the review. A meta-ethnography approach was used to synthesize these qualitative studies. Results. Six sources of resilience emerged: (1) social support, (2) acculturation strategies, (3) education, (4) religion, (5) avoidance, and (6) hope. These sources indicated social as well as personal factors that confer resilience in young refugees, but most of them also had counterproductive aspects. Conclusion. The results, from an ecological developmental perspective, stressed the interplay between protective and risk processes in the mental health of young refugees who had resettled in Western countries, and they emphasized the variability as well as the universality of resilience-promoting processes. Further research is needed to explore the cultural shape of resilience and the long-term consequences of war and migration on young refugees.
An Examination of Recreationists' Relationships with Activities and Settings

The place attachment construct has demonstrated utility for explaining a variety of leisure behavior in outdoor recreation contexts. Preliminary evidence suggests that recreationists' involvement with leisure activities is an antecedent to their attachment to specific settings. Multidimensional measures of these constructs, however, indicate that linear interpretations of their relations may be misleading. Given that both involvement and place attachment examine recreationists' association with activities and settings, the potential for variation among activity and setting types is high. Thus, the purpose of this investigation was to further examine the relationship between involvement and place attachment for hikers along the Appalachian Trail, boaters (i.e., kayakers and rafters) along the South Fork of the American River in California, and anglers in New England. The results illustrated that recreationists' relationships with activities and settings varied among the three groups examined. That is, the effect of involvement on place attachment differed among these groups of recreationists.
Prosodic Realization of Rhetorical Structure in Chinese Discourse

The research reported in this paper is an acoustic experiment attempting to elucidate the relationship between prosodic variation and rhetorical structure in discourse. Based on Rhetorical Structure Theory, facets of discourse structure such as hierarchy, relation, and the relative importance of discourse segment were identified. Five speakers of standard Chinese were recorded reading ten paragraphs with two repetitions. Boundary pause duration, f0 max, f0 min, and pitch range of the segments were measured. It was found that speakers realized longer pauses at boundaries of higher hierarchy. Furthermore, compared with segments linked by nucleus-satellite relation, segments linked by multinuclear relation were found to have wider pre-boundary pitch range. Additionally, important segments were found to be articulated with wider pitch range than unimportant segments. These results suggest that rhetorical structure is reliably conveyed by prosodic parameters in standard Chinese.