Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A flash resident file system for embedded sensor networks

Many embedded devices, especially those designed for environmental sensor logging, have extremely limited RAM, often less than several kilobytes. Logged data is stored on flash memory and needs to be easily managed at low energy cost. A file system is required to efficiently manage the device, specifically dealing with wear leveling of the flash memory. Previous flash file systems, even those designed for small memory devices, still consume a reasonable amount of RAM (1K or more). In this paper, we present a flash file system that supports record level consistency with the entire file system and address mapping functionality stored on flash memory. Although this results in a marginally higher read cost, RAM utilization is less than 150 bytes and the read cost in terms of energy usage is less. The key idea is that NOR flash used on these devices supports direct byte reads not supported by NAND memory which allows page translation and data storage to require less memory and consume less energy.
Does Immigration Crowd Natives Into or Out of Higher Education?

Over the past several decades, the United States has experienced some of its largest immigrant inflows since the Great Depression. This higher level of immigration has generated significant debate on the effects of such inflows on receiving markets and natives. Education market studies have found that inflows of immigrant students can displace some natives from enrollment. Meanwhile, labor market studies have primarily examined the impact of immigrant labor inflows on the wages of similarly and dissimilarly skilled natives, with mixed results. The lack of consensus in the wage studies has spurred a growing line of research on whether natives respond endogenously to immigrant worker inflows. Yet, it remains unexplored whether native responses in the higher education market also contribute to the absorption of immigrants into the labor market and the effects on equilibrium in both markets. In a unified framework of the education and labor markets this paper addresses whether skill level via college enrollment is another margin on which natives endogenously adjust to immigrant inflows of students and labor. This study differs from previous research by separately identifying native human capital accumulation responses to both immigrant labor and student inflows at the college margin, where such responses may be strongest due to the high school-college wage gap. The analysis also contributes to our understanding of how local markets respond to immigrant inflows.
An Investigation of the Relationship between Self-Efficacy Beliefs about Technology Integration and Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) among Preservice Teachers

Abstract This exploratory study investigated the relationship between measures of Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) and the self-efficacy beliefs of preservice teachers about technology integration. Within a single-group, pretest-posttest design, a correlational analysis identified several knowledge domains in the TPACK model that the researcher found to have a significant and positive correlation with self-efficacy beliefs about technology integration. A multiple regression analysis of pretest and posttest data indicated a change over time in the predictive relationship between the measures of knowledge in TPACK domains and self-efficacy beliefs. Findings from the study illustrate the changing nature of the complex relationship between knowledge and self-efficacy beliefs and high-light the potential areas of knowledge in TPACK domains that influence preservice teachers’ beliefs about technology integration.
FATORES ASSOCIADOS À SATISFAÇÃO DO ACOMPANHANTE COM O CUIDADO PRESTADO À PARTURIENTE

O objetivo foi avaliar a satisfacao do acompanhante com o cuidado prestado a mulher durante o trabalho de parto e nascimento e estimar fatores associados. Estudo transversal, realizado em Hospital Universitario no Sul do Brasil, foram entrevistados 369 acompanhantes de marco a setembro 2015. As associacoes foram investigadas em analises bivariadas, razao de chance bruta e ajustada, atraves da regressao logistica. A chance de satisfacao foi maior nos acompanhantes que nao presenciaram violencia a mulher no trabalho de parto (RCaj 16,05; IC95% 6,35-40,52) e nascimento (RCaj 14,25; IC95% 4,81-42,20), que acompanharam trabalho de parto que culminou em parto vaginal (RCaj 2,84; IC95% 1,31-6,17), que consideraram que as vontades da mulher foram respeitadas (RCaj 8,16; IC95% 3,41-19,54) e cujas queixas foram atendidas (RCaj 3,21; IC95% 2,07-4,99). O relacionamento, atitudes e condutas dos profissionais de saude influenciam na satisfacao dos acompanhantes com o cuidado a mulher, independente das suas caracteristicas sociodemograficas.
Fasudil hydrochloride, a potent ROCK inhibitor, inhibits corneal neovascularization after alkali burns in mice

Purpose To investigate the effects and mechanisms of fasudil hydrochloride (fasudil) on and in alkali burn-induced corneal neovascularization (CNV) in mice. Methods To observe the effect of fasudil, mice with alkali-burned corneas were treated with either fasudil eye drops or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) four times per day for 14 consecutive days. After injury, CNV and corneal epithelial defects were measured. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and heme oxygenase-1(HO-1) was measured. The infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) and the mRNA expressions of CNV-related genes were analyzed on day 14. Results The incidence of CNV was significantly lower after treatment with 100 μM and 300 μM fasudil than with PBS, especially with 100 μM fasudil. Meanwhile, the incidences of corneal epithelial defects was lower (n=15, all p<0.01). After treatment with 100 μM fasudil, the intensity of DHE ﬂuorescence was reduced in the corneal epithelium and stroma than with PBS treatment (n=5, all p<0.01), and the number of filtrated PMNs decreased. There were significant differences between the expressions of VEGF, TNF-a, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in the 100 μM fasudil group and the PBS group (n=8, all p<0.05). The production of HO-1 protein in the 100 μM fasudil group was 1.52±0.34 times more than in the PBS group (n=5 sample, p<0.05). Conclusions 100 μM fasudil eye drops administered four times daily can significantly inhibit alkali burn-induced CNV and promote the healing of corneal epithelial defects in mice. These effects are attributed to a decrease in inflammatory cell infiltration, reduction of ROS, and upregulation of HO-1 protein after fasudil treatment.
Approximate and exact parallel scheduling with applications to list, tree and graph problems

We study two parallel scheduling problems and their use in designing parallel algorithms. First, we define a novel scheduling problem; it is solved by repeated, rapid, approximate reschedulings. This leads to a first optimal PRAM algorithm for list ranking, which runs in logarithmic time. Our second scheduling result is for computing prefix sums of logn bit numbers. We give an optimal parallel algorithm for the problem which runs in sublogarithmic time. These two scheduling results together lead to logarithmic time PRAM algorithms for the connectivity, biconnectivity and minimum spanning tree problems. The connectivity and biconnectivity algorithms are optimal unless m = o(nlog*n), in graphs of n vertices and m edges.
Nonstationary-volatility robust panel unit root tests and the great moderation

This paper argues that typical applications of panel unit root tests should take possible nonstationarity in the volatility process of the innovations of the panel time series into account. Nonstationary volatility arises, for instance, when there are structural breaks in the innovation variances. A prominent example is the reduction in GDP growth variances enjoyed by many industrialized countries, known as the ‘Great moderation. ’ It also proposes a new testing approach for panel unit roots that is, unlike many existing tests, robust to such volatility processes. The panel test is based on Simes’ (Biometrika 73:751–754, 1986) classical multiple test, which combines evidence from time series unit root tests of the series in the panel. As time series tests, we employ the recent proposals of Cavaliere and Taylor (J Time Ser Anal 29:300–330, 2008b). The panel test is robust to general patterns of cross-sectional dependence and yet is straightforward to implement, only requiring valid $$p$$p values of time series tests, and no resampling. Simulations show other panel unit root tests to suffer from sometimes severe size distortions under nonstationary volatility and that this can be remedied using the test proposed here. We use the methods to test for unit roots in OECD panels of gross domestic products and inflation rates, yielding inference robust to the ‘Great moderation’. We find little evidence of trend stationarity and mixed evidence regarding inflation stationarity.
Distinct Gamma-Band Components Reflect the Short-Term Memory Maintenance of Different Sound Lateralization Angles

Oscillatory activity in human electro- or magnetoencephalogram has been related to cortical stimulus representations and their modulation by cognitive processes. Whereas previous work has focused on gamma-band activity (GBA) during attention or maintenance of representations, there is little evidence for GBA reflecting individual stimulus representations. The present study aimed at identifying stimulus-specific GBA components during auditory spatial short-term memory. A total of 28 adults were assigned to 1 of 2 groups who were presented with only right- or left-lateralized sounds, respectively. In each group, 2 sample stimuli were used which differed in their lateralization angles (15° or 45°) with respect to the midsagittal plane. Statistical probability mapping served to identify spectral amplitude differences between 15° versus 45° stimuli. Distinct GBA components were found for each sample stimulus in different sensors over parieto-occipital cortex contralateral to the side of stimulation peaking during the middle 200–300 ms of the delay phase. The differentiation between “preferred” and “nonpreferred” stimuli during the final 100 ms of the delay phase correlated with task performance. These findings suggest that the observed GBA components reflect the activity of distinct networks tuned to spatial sound features which contribute to the maintenance of task-relevant information in short-term memory.
Gravity Induced C-Deformation

We study F-terms describing coupling of the supergravity to N = 1 supersymmetric gauge theories which admit large N expansions. We show that these F-terms are given by summing over genus one non-planar diagrams of the large N expansion of the associated matrix model (or more generally bosonic gauge theory). The key ingredient in this derivation is the observation that the chiral ring of the gluino fields is deformed by the supergravity fields, generalizing the C-deformation which was recently introduced. The gravity induced part of the C-deformation can be derived from the Bianchi identities of the supergravity, but understanding gravitational corrections to the F-terms requires a non-traditional interpretation of these identities.
The HELLAS2XMM survey – XII. The infrared/submillimetre view of an X-ray selected type 2 quasar at z≈ 2

We present multi-wavelength observations (from optical to sub-millimeter, including Spitzer and SCUBA) of H2XMMJ 003357.2−120038 (also GD 158 19), an X-ray selected, luminous narrow-line (Type 2) quasar at z=1.957 selected from the HELLAS2XMM survey. Its broadband properties can be reasonably well modeled assuming three components: a stellar component to account for the optical and near-IR emission, an AGN component (i.e., dust heated by an accreting active nucleus), dominant in the mid-IR, with an optical depth at 9.7 µm along the line of sight (close to the equatorial plane of the obscur ing matter) of τ(9.7) = 1 and a full covering angle of the reprocessing matter (torus) of 140 degrees, and a far-IR starburst component (i.e., dust heated by star formation) to reproduce th e wide bump observed longward of 70 µm. The derived star-formation rate is ≈ 1500 M⊙ yr −1 . The overall modeling indicates that GD 158 19 is a high-redshift X-ray luminous, obscured quasar with coeval powerful AGN activity and intense star formation. It is probably caught b efore the process of expelling the obscuring gas has started, thus quenching the star formation.
Enriching Educational Leadership Through Community Equity Literacy: A Conceptual Foundation

ABSTRACT Educational leaders are essential to fostering authentic and equitable partnerships between schools and communities. Yet, many aspiring principals leave preparation programs underprepared to develop these partnerships, counter inequitable neighborhood conditions, and work in solidarity with community stakeholders. Therefore, this article describes work to develop a conceptual framework around community equity literacy (CEL) to build educational leaders’ capacity, an assessment instrument to measure CEL, and a future research agenda. The CEL conceptual framework is anchored in leadership theories, research on school–community partnerships, and the national Professional Standards for Educational Leaders. This article concludes with implications for leader preparation and further research.
Pyramidal cells in V1 of African rodents are bigger, more branched and more spiny than those in primates

Pyramidal cells are characterized by markedly different sized dendritic trees, branching patterns, and spine density across the cortical mantle. Moreover, pyramidal cells have been shown to differ in structure among homologous cortical areas in different species; however, most of these studies have been conducted in primates. Whilst pyramidal cells have been quantified in a few cortical areas in some other species there are, as yet, no uniform comparative data on pyramidal cell structure in a homologous cortical area among species in different Orders. Here we studied layer III pyramidal cells in V1 of three species of rodents, the greater cane rat, highveld gerbil, and four-striped mouse, by the same methodology used to sample data from layer III pyramidal cells in primates. The data reveal markedly different trends between rodents and primates: there is an appreciable increase in the size, branching complexity, and number of spines in the dendritic trees of pyramidal cells with increasing size of V1 in the brain in rodents, whereas there is relatively little difference in primates. Moreover, pyramidal cells in rodents are larger, more branched and more spinous than those in primates. For example, the dendritic trees of pyramidal cells in V1 of the adult cane rat are nearly three times larger, and have more than 10 times the number of spines in their basal dendritic trees, than those in V1 of the adult macaque (7900 and 600, respectively), which has a V1 40 times the size that of the cane rat. It remains to be determined to what extent these differences may result from development or reflect evolutionary and/or processing specializations.
Machine printed handwritten text discrimination using Radon transform and SVM classifier

Discrimination of machine printed and handwritten text is deemed as major problem in the recognition of the mixed texts. In this paper, we address the problem of identifying each type by using the Radon transform and Support Vector Machines, which is conducted at three steps: preprocessing, feature generation and classification. New set of features is generated from each word using the Radon transform. Classification is used to distinguish printed text from handwritten. The proposed system is tested on IAM databases. The recognition rate of the proposed method is calculated to be over 98%.
Prioritisation of factors influencing teachers' job satisfaction in the UAE

This study is the first to include four main factors with proven influence on teachers' job satisfaction in a comprehensive model for the UAE: motivation, school leadership style, job characteristics, and cultural intelligence (CQ). The objectives of this empirical study are (a) to provide an overview of the 20 sub-factors associated with each main factor, (b) to determine the preferences and priority that UAE private school teachers attribute to the four main factors of job satisfaction and their 20 sub-factors, and (c) to summarise these findings into a new analytical hierarchical model. An analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method has been chosen to resolve this multi-criteria decision-making dilemma to construct a comprehensive model. 'Recognition', 'pay', and 'autonomy' scored as the teachers' highest concerns. Focusing on these aspects should, therefore, be a priority for private school management in order to decrease teacher turnover.
Computational Analysis of Collective Intelligence in Conversational Text

Collective intelligence refers to the intelligence that emerges from local interactions among individual people. In the last few decades, Web 2.0 technologies have enabled new forms of collective intelligence that allow massive numbers of loosely organized individuals to interact and create high quality intellectual artifacts. In computer and information science disciplines, automated computational methods are developed to analyze Web-based collective intelligence and the factors that may influence the phenomenon. To set the research agenda in this direction, we reviewed the relevant studies focusing on those that analyzed different aspects of discourse-centric collective intelligence. We present here our review results, the identified gaps, and our suggested directions.
Migration and capital accumulation: Evidence from rural Mexico

This paper studies the link between migration, remittances and productive assets accumulation for a panel of poor rural households in Mexico over the period 1997- 2006. In a context of financial markets imperfections, migration may act as a substitute for imperfect credit and insurance provision (through remittances from migrants) and, thus, exert a positive effect on investment. However, it may well be the case that remittances are channelled towards increasing consumption and leisure goods. Exploiting within family variation and an instrumental variable strategy, we show that migration indeed accelerates productive assets accumulation. Moreover, when we look at the effect of migration on consumption of non-productive assets (durable goods), we find instead a negative effect. Our results then suggest that poor rural families resort to migration as a way to mitigate constraints that prevent them from investing in productive assets.
Selective laser sintering fabrication of nano-hydroxyapatite/poly-ε-caprolactone scaffolds for bone tissue engineering applications

The regeneration of functional tissue in osseous defects is a formidable challenge in orthopedic surgery. In the present study, a novel biomimetic composite scaffold, here called nano-hydroxyapatite (HA)/poly-ε-caprolactone (PCL) was fabricated using a selective laser sintering technique. The macrostructure, morphology, and mechanical strength of the scaffolds were characterized. Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) showed that the nano-HA/PCL scaffolds exhibited predesigned, well-ordered macropores and interconnected micropores. The scaffolds have a range of porosity from 78.54% to 70.31%, and a corresponding compressive strength of 1.38 MPa to 3.17 MPa. Human bone marrow stromal cells were seeded onto the nano-HA/PCL or PCL scaffolds and cultured for 28 days in vitro. As indicated by the level of cell attachment and proliferation, the nano-HA/PCL showed excellent biocompatibility, comparable to that of PCL scaffolds. The hydrophilicity, mineralization, alkaline phosphatase activity, and Alizarin Red S staining indicated that the nano-HA/PCL scaffolds are more bioactive than the PCL scaffolds in vitro. Measurements of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) release kinetics showed that after nano-HA was added, the material increased the rate of rhBMP-2 release. To investigate the in vivo biocompatibility and osteogenesis of the composite scaffolds, both nano-HA/PCL scaffolds and PCL scaffolds were implanted in rabbit femur defects for 3, 6, and 9 weeks. The wounds were studied radiographically and histologically. The in vivo results showed that both nano-HA/PCL composite scaffolds and PCL scaffolds exhibited good biocompatibility. However, the nano-HA/PCL scaffolds enhanced the efficiency of new bone formation more than PCL scaffolds and fulfilled all the basic requirements of bone tissue engineering scaffolds. Thus, they show large potential for use in orthopedic and reconstructive surgery.
Precarious collaboration: Business survival after partners shut down or form new partnerships

Businesses often benefit by forming alliances with other firms but risk becoming dependent on their partners. We discuss two situations in which dependence may create serious problems: first, if a partner shuts down and, second, if a partner forms a relationship with a new partner. We examine collaborative relationships formed by businesses operating in the U.S. hospital software systems industry during the 1961-91 period. We find that businesses faced increased risk of dissolution if they did not form new partnerships after partners shut down or formed collaborative relationships with new partners. The results have implications for developing an evolutionary theory of business strategy and performance. Our approach implies that the performance of a focal business often depends on how the strategies of its business partners evolve over time. An evolutionary theory of strategy must incorporate key characteristics of actions and relationships throughout a web of business partnerships. The dual nature of interfirm relationships, which both help a business survive at one time and inhibit its ability to adapt at another, helps explain why so many successful businesses fail when their environments change.
Pengaruh Motivasi Dan Gaya Kepemimpinan Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Melalui Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan Sebagai Variabel Intervening Di Pd Bpr Bkk Wonosobo

Motivation and leadership styles are variables that affect the performance of the employee, either directly or indirectly through intervening variables such as job satisfaction. Number of respondents in this study 78 people were taken from all employees PD . BPR BKK Wonosobo unless the Board of Directors. Methods of data collection is done by means of a questionnaire that the results are the primary data for further analysis using multiple regression analysis and regression analysis of two lines, using SPSS.17 program. The results of analysis show that the variable motivation and leadership styles, both individually and together, the positive and significant effect on performance. Variable motivation and leadership styles together positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Variable motivation, leadership style and job satisfaction together positive and significant effect on performance. Variable motivation and leadership styles each have a positive and significant impact indirectly on performance, through the variable job satisfaction. Through the analysis of the results of the adjusted determination coefficient (adjusted R 2) of the analytical model regesi two pathways by which performance is affected by motivation, leadership style and job satisfaction, it is known that 62.1 % of the variation in performance can be explained by the variable employee motivation, leadership style and satisfaction work; while 37.9 % is explained by other factors outside the model. Key word : Motivation, leadership style, job satisfaction, performance