Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emotional and behavioral problems among highly intellectually gifted youth

There is some controversy in the literature regarding the relationship between exceptionally high intellectual ability and psychosocial adjustment. Despite some evidence to the contrary, myths persist about an inverse relationship. Using a well standardized scale of emotional and behavioral problems, this study examined this relationship with 191 intellectually gifted youth ages 13 to 15 years. Results indicated that the youth's scores on the scale were well within normative ranges and the most highly gifted of the group tended to exhibit fewer problems than the moderately gifted. Thus, these findings are contrary to some popular myths about highly intellectually gifted youth.
The effect of green tea and olive oil on the mutagenic activity of heterocyclic amines extracted from common food consumed in Saudi Arabia

The effect of green tea (GT) and green tea with olive oil (GT+OL) as antioxidants on the formation and mutagenic activity of heterocyclic aromatic amines (HCAs) extracted from beef shawerma, grilled chicken and fried beef liver was examined. HCAs were extracted by blue rayon, analyzed as spiked and unspiked samples with high-performance liquid chromatography and its mutagenic response was assessed by Sallmonela typhimurium 100 in the Ames test. Surprisingly, GT and GT+OL augmented HCAs measured in beef shawerma and grilled chicken but total HCAs measured in GT+OL were less than GT treatment. Both treatments altered the HCA profile as imidazoquinoline type became the most abundant. In control and GT+OL fried beef liver no HCAs were detected, but Trp-P1 was detected in GT treatment. Generally, the mutagenic response of HCAs measured in GT+OL was less than GT in beef shawerma and grilled chicken. However, the mutagenic response of control and 2% GT+OL fried liver was negative. These data suggest that GT concentrations used in this study may induce free radical formation during the Millared reaction due to its pro-oxidative effect, which augmented the HCAs formed and its mutagenic response. In order to optimize both safety and quality of our diets, more need to be done to fully understand the risk of HCAs in food.
ON THE SELF-DISPLACEMENT OF DEFORMABLE BODIES IN A POTENTIAL FLUID FLOW

Understanding fish-like locomotion as a result of internal shape changes may result in improved underwater propulsion mechanism. In this paper, we study a coupled system of partial differential equations and ordinary differential equations which models the motion of self-propelled deformable bodies (called swimmers) in a potential fluid flow. The deformations being prescribed, we apply the least action principle of Lagrangian mechanics to determine the equations of the inferred motion. We prove that the swimmers' degrees of freedom solve a second-order system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Under suitable smoothness assumptions on the boundary of the fluid's domain and on the given deformations, we prove the existence and regularity of the bodies rigid motions, up to a collision between two swimmers or between a swimmer with the boundary of the fluid. Then we compute explicitly the Euler–Lagrange equations in terms of the geometric data of the bodies and of the value of the fluid's harmonic potential on the boundary of the fluid.
Outcomes in patients with splenic marginal zone lymphoma and marginal zone lymphoma treated with rituximab with or without chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone

The optimal management of patients with splenic marginal zone lymphoma/marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) is controversial. The objective of this retrospective study was to compare the outcomes of patients with SMZL who received treatment with rituximab, rituximab plus chemotherapy, or chemotherapy alone.
The Justice of Equity, Equality, and Need in Reward Distributions: A Comparison of French and American Respondents

La justice de l’equite, de l’egalite et des besoins dans la distribution des recompenses : une comparaison entre Francais et AmericainsDes Francais et des Americains de sexe masculin ou feminin ont participe a deux experimentations concernant la distribution de recompenses. Dans la premiere experience, les participants devaient allouer des fonds a des candidats fictifs a des postes de vacataire. Alors qu’ils ont applique la regle de l’equite dans une certaine mesure, il y avait une tendance marquee pour preferer l’utilisation des besoins specifiques des candidats afin de determiner les allocations, et cet effet etait plus important pour les participants francais. Dans l’experience 2, les participants ont evalue la justesse des allocations distribuees selon les regles de l’equite, de l’egalite, ou des besoins specifiques. Les evaluations etaient les plus favorables face a des allocations qui tenaient compte des besoins. L’utilisation des besoins etait consideree comme la regle la plus juste pour les Francais comme pour les Americains. Entre autres, les resultats sont discutes en termes d’implications pour les programmes de lutte contre la discrimination.
Loxoscelism: Proposal of a New Protocol for Treatment

Loxoscelism is a rare but often underestimated cause of dermonecrosis in emergency departments. Different kinds of treatment are proposed in literature, but a shared management protocol is not yet available. We propose a therapeutic protocol considering a case which occurred in our emergency department, managed with the support of the Poison Control Center (PCC) and the Hyperbaric Unit. In particular, focusing on the risk of bacterial superinfection and necrotizing fasciitis, we suggest to consider the use of hyperbaric therapy.
Draft Genome Sequence of 11399, a Transformable Citrus-Pathogenic Strain of Xylella fastidiosa

ABSTRACT The draft genome of Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca strain 11399, a transformable citrus-pathogenic strain, is reported here. The 11399 genome size is 2,690,704 bp and has a G+C content of 52.7%. The draft genome of 11399 reveals the absence of four type I restriction-modification system genes.
Gemeinsame Wissenskonstruktion in computervermittelter Kommunikation: Welche Kooperationsskripts fördern Partizipation und anwendungsorientiertes Wissen?

Goal of this study is the facilitation of participation and knowledge acquisition in cooperative, computer-mediated learning environments. Two cooperative scripts with respect to discourse contents and interaction were developed to pre-structure communication. Both scripts were analyzed with respect to their influence on participation and application-oriented knowledge in computer-mediated learning environments. The factors "content-related cooperative script" and "interaction-related cooperative script" were independently varied in a 2x2-factorial design. 105 students of Pedagogy participated in the experiment. Results show that interaction-related cooperative scripts substantially foster participation and individual acquisition of application-oriented knowledge, while content-related cooperative scripts facilitate the process of joint problem solving, but show substantial negative effects with respect to knowledge acquisitio
Neural correlates of the LSD experience revealed by multimodal neuroimaging

Significance Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), the prototypical “psychedelic,” may be unique among psychoactive substances. In the decades that followed its discovery, the magnitude of its effect on science, the arts, and society was unprecedented. LSD produces profound, sometimes life-changing experiences in microgram doses, making it a particularly powerful scientific tool. Here we sought to examine its effects on brain activity, using cutting-edge and complementary neuroimaging techniques in the first modern neuroimaging study of LSD. Results revealed marked changes in brain blood flow, electrical activity, and network communication patterns that correlated strongly with the drug’s hallucinatory and other consciousness-altering properties. These results have implications for the neurobiology of consciousness and for potential applications of LSD in psychological research. Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is the prototypical psychedelic drug, but its effects on the human brain have never been studied before with modern neuroimaging. Here, three complementary neuroimaging techniques: arterial spin labeling (ASL), blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) measures, and magnetoencephalography (MEG), implemented during resting state conditions, revealed marked changes in brain activity after LSD that correlated strongly with its characteristic psychological effects. Increased visual cortex cerebral blood flow (CBF), decreased visual cortex alpha power, and a greatly expanded primary visual cortex (V1) functional connectivity profile correlated strongly with ratings of visual hallucinations, implying that intrinsic brain activity exerts greater influence on visual processing in the psychedelic state, thereby defining its hallucinatory quality. LSD’s marked effects on the visual cortex did not significantly correlate with the drug’s other characteristic effects on consciousness, however. Rather, decreased connectivity between the parahippocampus and retrosplenial cortex (RSC) correlated strongly with ratings of “ego-dissolution” and “altered meaning,” implying the importance of this particular circuit for the maintenance of “self” or “ego” and its processing of “meaning. ” Strong relationships were also found between the different imaging metrics, enabling firmer inferences to be made about their functional significance. This uniquely comprehensive examination of the LSD state represents an important advance in scientific research with psychedelic drugs at a time of growing interest in their scientific and therapeutic value. The present results contribute important new insights into the characteristic hallucinatory and consciousness-altering properties of psychedelics that inform on how they can model certain pathological states and potentially treat others.
Verbatim and Semantic Imitation in Indexing Resources on the Web: A Fuzzy-trace Account of Social Tagging

Summary Social tagging is a widespread phenomenon on the Web allowing users to tag resources, such as photos, by freely chosen labels. Imitation of other users' tagging behavior is deemed to increase the inter-individual consistency of tag assignments. Both verbatim and semantic mechanisms have been proposed where the first case suggests reuse of the exact words and the second reuse of the concept without necessarily the word form. Here, we present a multinomial model of assigning tags that integrates these perspectives. On the basis of the fuzzy-trace theory, the model includes separate parameters for the retrieval of verbatim and gist traces of encountered tags. Results of two experiments demonstrate that both types of memory traces contribute substantially and independently to tag productions. We conclude that the imitation of tags may be explained within one fuzzy-trace framework that contributes to our understanding of emergent phenomena in social information systems. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Comparison of static and dynamic splinting regimens for extensor tendon repairs in zones V to VII

Abstract The aim of this prospective, randomised, controlled trail was to compare two methods of rehabilitating extensor tendon repairs in zones V–VII. Patients who incurred simple and complete lacerations of their extensor tendons in zones V–VII enrolled into the study and underwent either static splinting (n = 25) or dynamic splinting (n = 27) after primary acute repair of tendons. Extension lag, flexion deficit, total active motion (TAM), grip strength, and functional status of upper extremities were measured. TAM was improved in the dynamic group when compared with the static group in the injured digits at 4 weeks (p = 0.001), at 12 weeks (p = 0.05), and at 6 months (p = 0.001). Grip strength outcomes demonstrated improved grip force for the dynamic group when compared with the static group at 12 weeks (p = 0.001). There were no ruptures in either group. Also, a better functional level was found in the dynamic splinting group at 6 months (p = 0.001). The findings of the current study suggest that dynamic splinting of complex lacerations of the extensor tendons in zones V–VII provides improved functional outcomes at 4 and 12 weeks and 6 months when compared with static splinting.
Role of the Transcriptional Coactivator CBP/p300 in Linking Basic Helix-Loop-Helix and CREB Responses for Follicle-Stimulating Hormone-Mediated Activation of the Transferrin Promoter in Sertoli Cells

Abstract Sertoli cells are the epithelial cells responsible for the onset of pubertal development and the maintenance of spermatogenesis in the adult. Transferrin is one of the major secretory products expressed by differentiated Sertoli cells. Investigation of the transcriptional control of transferrin gene expression provides insight regarding the regulation of Sertoli cell differentiation. The optimal activation of the mouse transferrin promoter (mTf) by FSH requires the synergistic actions of the cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) binding to the cAMP response element-like proximal region II (PRII) and the basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) binding to the E-box. Proximal region II alone is sufficient for cAMP-mediated activation. The proximity of the PRII and E-box (220 base pairs apart) suggests the possibility of interaction between CREB and bHLH proteins. Such an interaction can be mediated by transcriptional integrators such as CREB-binding protein (CBP) and/or p300 and may stabilize the binding of trans-acting factors to their respective cis-elements. Such an interaction may also provide a mechanism for cell-specific promoter activation. The hypothesis tested in this study was that CBP/p300 is required for the synergistic activation of the transferrin promoter involving PRII and E-box through the formation of a ternary complex. In the Sertoli cells, both CBP and p300 proteins are expressed. The effect of CBP/p300 on transferrin promoter activation and, hence, Sertoli cell function was studied by using antisense oligonucleotides (AS-oligo). In the presence of CBP/p300 AS-oligo, activity of the FSH-induced mTf-chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) was significantly lower as compared to the respective controls. Interestingly, AS-oligo had no effect on cAMP-induced activation of the transferrin promoter reporter construct (mTf-CAT). Mutations in the E-box (EB*) significantly reduced the FSH response. The presence of AS-oligo had no further effect on the FSH-mediated activation of the EB*-mTf-CAT construct but reduced cAMP-mediated activation. Mutations in the CRE-like PRII (PRII*) also significantly reduced the FSH response. Activation of the PRII*-mTf-CAT in response to cAMP was completely abolished. The presence of AS-oligo had no further effect on the FSH- or cAMP-mediated activation of the PRII*-mTf-CAT construct. In Sertoli cells, CBP/p300 was coimmunoprecipitated with CREB and the bHLH protein E47. These observations suggest that CBP/p300 appears to be involved in regulating FSH-mediated activation of the transferrin promoter by linking bHLH and CREB activities.
Efektivitas Penerapan Pendekatan Kontekstual dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika Siswa Kelas VIII SMPN 9 Padang

Sebagian besar siswa kelas VIII SMPN 9 Padang tahun pelajaran 2012-2013 belum mampu menyelesaikan soal-soal matematika yang berkaitan dengan pemechan masalah. Salah satu penyebab adalah dalam proses pembelajaran matematika guru kurang menekankan bagaimana mengakaitkan masalah kontektual dengan soal -soal pemecahan masalah matematika. Penerapan pendekatan kontekstual dalam pembelajaran matematika merupakan salah satu alternatif yang dapat di gunakan. Rumusan masalah penelitian ini adalah bagaimanakah keefektifan penerapanan pendekatan kontekstual terhadap peningkatan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa bila dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran langsung? Jenis penelitian ini adalah quasi eksperimen dengan rancangan Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMPN 9 Padang tahun pelajaran 2012-2013. Sampel penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII5 sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII6 sebagai kelas kontrol, yang dipilih secara acak. Instrumen penelitian ini adalah tes ( pretest dan posttest ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan pendekatan kontekstual dalam pembelajaran matematika cukup efektif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecaham masalah matematika siswa, bila dibandingkan dengan pembelajaran langsung. K eywords -- Pendekatan Kontekstual, Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Matematika
Creative Tensions? Young Offenders, Restorative Justice and the Introduction of Referral Orders

This article examines the introduction of Referral Orders into the youth justice system in England and Wales. Placing the new Orders within the recent history of youth justice within this jurisdiction, it considers the experience of the eleven pilot areas in attempting to recruit and train the cohort of volunteers required to enable youth offender panels to operate. Using data from a Home Office-funded evaluation of the pilots it examines the first nine months of Referral Orders, the operation of Youth Offender Panels and the attitudes of sentencers towards the new disposal.
Discrimination in the Handling of Juvenile Offenders by Social-Control Agencies

Do social-control agencies base decisions concerning the hand ling of offenders upon sex, ethnic background, and socio economic status? This study, utilizing a universe of juvenile offenses (N=9,023) in a single community during a five-year period, tests long-accepted hypotheses relating each of these variables to the severity of disposition accorded juvenile offen ders by (1) the police, (2) the probation department, and (3) the juvenile court. Each hypothesis was rejected at each stage of the process. The findings indicate the need for greater caution in assessing the functions of control agencies and for further inten sive research to explicate the complex factors involved.
Using UPLC-MS/MS for Characterization of Active Components in Extracts of Yupingfeng and Application to a Comparative Pharmacokinetic Study in Rat Plasma after Oral Administration

Yupingfeng (YPF), a famous traditional Chinese medicine, which contains a large array of compounds, has been effectually used in health protection. A two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) combined with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (QTOF-MS) method was firstly established to separate and identify chemical components in YPF. A total of 33 compounds were identified, including 15 constituents (flavonoids and saponins) in Astragali radix; seven constituents (sesquiterpenoids and polysaccharide) in Atractylodis rhizoma; and 11 constituents (chromone and coumarins) in Saposhnikoviae radix. The corresponding fragmentation pathway of typical substances was investigated. Then, seven active constituents (astragaloside, calycosin, formononetin, cimicifugoside, 4-O-beta-d-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol, sec-O-glucosylhamaudol, and atractylenolide II) derived from three medicinal plants were chosen to further investigate the pharmacokinetic behavior of YPF formula using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with triple quadrupole mass spectrometry system. The method was sensitive, accurate and reliable. We also used the area under the plasma concentration–time curve from zero to infinity (AUC0−∞) as weighting factor to make an integrated pharmacokinetic curve. Results show that the constituents of Saposhnikoviae radix have the best absorption and pharmacokinetic behavior and may play important role in leading to the changes of overall therapeutic effects of YPF. Further study is needed to confirm the association between them.
The Nature of Collective Resilience: Survivor Reactions to the 2005 London Bombings

Accounts from over 90 survivors and 56 witnesses of the 2005 London bombings were analysed to determine the relative prevalence of mass behaviors associated with either psychosocial vulnerability (e.g. ‘selfishness’, mass panic) or collective resilience (e.g. help, unity). ‘Selfish’ behaviors were found to be rare; mutual helping was more common. There is evidence for (a) a perceived continued danger of death after the explosions; (b) a sense of unity amongst at least some survivors, arising from this perceived danger; (c) a link between this sense of unity and helping; and (d) risk-taking to help strangers. We suggest a novel explanation for this evidence of ‘collective resilience’, based on self-categorization theory, according to which common fate entails a redefinition of self (from ‘me’ to ‘us’) and hence enhanced concern for others in the crowd.
A Course in Probability Theory

Since the publication of the first edition of this classic textbook over thirty years ago, tens of thousands of students have used A Course in Probability Theory. New in this edition is an introduction to measure theory that expands the market, as this treatment is more consistent with current courses. While there are several books on probability, Chung's book is considered a classic, original work in probability theory due to its elite level of sophistication.
Mining Positive and Negative Co-regulation Patterns from Microarray Data

Currently, pattern-based and tendency-based models are very popular for clustering co-regulated genes. In this paper, we propose another novel model, namely g-Cluster. The proposed model has the following advantages: (1) find positive and negative co-regulated genes in a shot, (2) get away from the restriction of magnitude transformation relationship among genes, and (3) guarantee quality of clusters and significance of regulations using a novel similarity measurement gCode and two user-specified thresholds, called wave constraint threshold and regulation threshold respectively. We also design a novel tree-based clustering algorithm, FBTD, combined with efficient pruning rules to identify all maximal g-Clusters. The extensive experiments on real and synthetic datasets show that (1) our algorithm can effectively and efficiently find an amount of co-regulated gene clusters missed by previous models, which are potentially of high biological significance, and (2) our algorithm is superior to the existing approaches
Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behaviour

Provides the essential foundation for psychology students, this is a revised and updated version of the most trusted introduction written by the bestselling psychology author Richard Gross. Psychology: The Science of Mind and Behaviour has helped over half a million students worldwide. It is the essential introduction to psychology, covering all students need to know to understand and evaluate classic and contemporary topics. - Enables students to easily access psychological theories and research with colourful, user-friendly content and useful features including summaries, critical discussion and research updates - Helps students to understand the research process with contributions from leading psychologists including Elizabeth Loftus, Alex Haslam and David Canter - Ensures students are up to date with the latest issues and debates with this fully updated edition