Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physical and Biochemical Characteristics of Sharhabiel Reservoir water , NW

Jordan relies heavily on rainwater stored in reservoirs because it has extremely limited alternative water resources. These reservoirs are essential for drinking water and irrigation, so monitoring their water quality is extremely important. Variations in physical and biochemical conditions were investigated at Sharhabiel Reservoir (Jordan). Water quality monitoring of Sharhabiel Dam, from January to December 2013 indicates that the dam is subject to agricultural runoff. It also revealed that mineral dissolution, sediment load, rainfall evaporation and pumping, are the major contributors to variations in water quality. The water chemistry of the impounded Sharnabiel Reservoir showed that Na, Ca, Mg, HCO3, and Cl are the principal ions, reflecting the dominance of calcareous weathering, with some contribution of silicates. The pH values showed an irregular pattern with highest values observed in the spring months. Total dissolved solids (TDS), Ca, Mg, and HCO3 are primarily related to leaching and evaporation, with elevated levels that occurred in the winter months. In contrast, seasonal patterns in Na, K, Cl, and NH4–N contents showed decreased values in wet months. Peaks in NO3–N observed in winter are strongly associated with agricultural runoff. Changes in chlorophyll-a level were coincided with low ratio of TN to TP. BOD5 and COD peaks in spring corresponding with high algal growth. No significant changes in most of physical and biochemical parameters with depth, probably due to shallow depth, high annual sedimentation rate and heavy pumping rate in dry months. No available recorded data for long-term monitoring of Sharhabiel reservoir water to emphasize the self-purification capacity of dam.
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Manifesting as Lactococcus Endocarditis: A Case Report and Review of the Association of Lactococcus with Underlying Gastrointestinal Disease

A 45-year-old male with a prosthetic aortic valve presented to the hospital with several months of generalized malaise. On admission, he was noted to have anemia of unclear etiology and subsequently became febrile with multiple blood cultures growing Lactococcus garvieae. Inpatient workup was concerning for infectious endocarditis (IE) secondary to Lactococcus. The patient was discharged home with appropriate antimicrobial therapy; however, he was readmitted for persistent, symptomatic anemia and underwent colonoscopy, which revealed innumerable colonic polyps consistent with Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP) that was later confirmed with genetic testing. Surveillance computed tomography (CT) imaging of the aortic repair later demonstrated valve dehiscence with surrounding fluid collection; he underwent redo surgery and was found to have destruction of the aortic annulus and a large pseudoaneurysm. Histopathology of the valve prosthesis confirmed IE. It is suspected that the patient developed Lactococcus IE from enteric translocation. Review of the literature provides several reports of Lactococcus infections in association with underlying gastrointestinal disease, including colorectal cancer. Given this association, we raise the question of whether the diagnosis of Lactococcus IE should evoke suspicion and encourage evaluation for gastrointestinal pathology, as occurs with Streptococcus bovis.
Effects of a scripted and intense reading intervention program on the reading comprehension of fifth grade students with learning disabilities

v List of Figures . viii List of Tables . ix Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Purpose Statement . 3 Statement of Research Problem and Question . 4 Story of the Question . 4 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 7 Theories of Writing . 7 Writing Workshop in the Elementary Classroom . 10 Student Choice . 11 Enthusiasm . 12 Conferencing and Self-Efficacy . 12 Gendered Writing. 13 Conclusion . 15 Chapter 3: Context . 16 Community . 16 School . 16 Classroom . 17 Students . 18 Research Design/Methodology . 21 Procedures of Study . 22
A Case Study on Elementary CSL Learners’ Reading Anxiety

Abstract This paper reports a case study that explores elementary learners’ reading anxiety over Chinese as a second language (CSL). Two elementary CSL learners were chosen as research participants. Lived experience descriptions, think-aloud, retrospective interviews, field observations, and research journal writings were used to investigate the sources of elementary CSL learners’ reading anxiety and the ways employed to reduce their reading anxiety. The data were analyzed by Moustakas’ (1994) data analysis procedures, Creswell’s (2007) three steps, and Bogdon & Biklen’s (1992) data analysis methods. Results show that elementary CSL learners do have reading anxiety in their reading process and the sources of the anxiety include cross-linguistic differences between English and Chinese expressions, lack of previous knowledge, difficult and complex vocabulary, wrong guesses, and comprehension difficulties. Both participants tried to use strategies such as guessing, looking up words, understanding two character words based on the meaning of each character, skipping and keeping reading, and using previous knowledge to predict the rest of the text to reduce their reading anxiety. The present study provides both theoretical and pedagogical implications in the field of CSL reading learning and teaching.
Broad-band three-port and four-port stripline ferrite coupled line circulators

The broad-band characteristics of a stripline ferrite coupled line (FCL) section are verified through measurements, for the first time. Subsequent simulations and measurements on a 17-GHz three-port circulator employing a stripline FCL section shows a 65% bandwidth, from 11.5 to 22.5 GHz. A four-port FCL circulator, which is a modification of that proposed earlier by Masur and Mrozowski and Queck and Davis is also realized by connecting the two lines together at the center of the FCL section, i.e. within the ferrite region. Compared to the four-port circulator consisting of an FCL section and a hybrid coupler, it has the advantage of much broader bandwidth. Simulations and measurements confirm its circulating behavior and also show a similar 65% bandwidth, from 12.0 to 23.5 GHz.
Aspirational Preferences and Their Representation by Risk Measures

This is the appendix to "Aspirational Preferences and Their Representation by Risk Measures," which can be found at: http://papers.ssrn. com/sol3/papers.cfm? abstract_id=1406399We consider choice over uncertain, monetary payoffs and study a general class of preferences. These preferences favor diversification, except perhaps on a subset of sufficiently disliked acts, over which concentration is instead preferred. This structure encompasses a number of known models (e.g., expected utility and several variants under a concave utility function). We show that such preferences share a representation in terms of a family of measures of risk and targets. Specifically, the choice function is equivalent to selection of a maximum index level such that the risk of beating the target at that level is acceptable. This representation may help to uncover new models of choice. One that we explore in detail is the special case when the targets are bounded. This case corresponds to a type of satisfying and has descriptive relevance. Moreover, the model is amenable to large-scale optimization.
Perception of Gradient in Haptic Graphs : a Comparison of Virtual and Physical Stimuli

We report an experiment in which people were asked to make a judgement about the gradient of a simple line graph. As part of the MultiVis project on data visualisation for blind people our aim was to discover how accurately linear graphs can be rendered using relatively simple technology: raised paper, and a haptic force-feedback mouse. Results show that both media allowed very accurate performance.
Isolation of Reovirus T3D Mutants Capable of Infecting Human Tumor Cells Independent of Junction Adhesion Molecule-A

Mammalian Reovirus is a double-stranded RNA virus with a distinctive preference to replicate in and lyse transformed cells. On that account, Reovirus type 3 Dearing (T3D) is clinically evaluated as oncolytic agent. The therapeutic efficacy of this approach depends in part on the accessibility of the reovirus receptor Junction Adhesion Molecule-A (JAM-A) on the target cells. Here, we describe the isolation and characterization of reovirus T3D mutants that can infect human tumor cells independent of JAM-A. The JAM-A-independent (jin) mutants were isolated on human U118MG glioblastoma cells, which do not express JAM-A. All jin mutants harbour mutations in the S1 segments close to the region that encodes the sialic acid-binding pocket in the shaft of the spike protein. In addition, two of the jin mutants encode spike proteins with a Q336R substitution in their head domain. The jin mutants can productively infect a wide range of cell lines that resist wt reovirus T3D infection, including chicken LMH cells, hamster CHO cells, murine endothelioma cells, human U2OS and STA-ET2.1 cells, but not primary human fibroblasts. The jin-mutants rely on the presence of sialic-acid residues on the cell surface for productive infection, as is evident from wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) inhibition experiments, and from the jin-reovirus resistance of CHO-Lec2 cells, which have a deficiency of sialic-acids on their glycoproteins. The jin mutants may be useful as oncolytic agents for use in tumors in which JAM-A is absent or inaccessible.
Named entity recognition: Exploring features

We study a comprehensive set of features used in supervised named entity recognition. We explore various combinations of features and compare their impact on recognition performance. We build a conditional random field based system that achieves 91.02% F1-measure on the CoNLL 2003 (Sang and Meulder, 2003) dataset and 81.4% F1-measure on the OntoNotes version 4 (Hovy et al., 2006) CNN dataset, which, to our knowledge, displays the best results in the state of the art for those benchmarks respectively. We demonstrate statistical significance of the boost of performance over the previous top performing system. We also obtained 74.27% F1-measure on NLPBA 2004 (Kim et al., 2004) dataset.
Econometrics of Testing for Jumps in Financial Economics Using Bipower Variation

In this article we provide an asymptotic distribution theory for some nonparametric tests of the hypothesis that asset prices have continuous sample paths. We study the behaviour of the tests using simulated data and see that certain versions of the tests have good finite sample behavior. We also apply the tests to exchange rate data and show that the null of a continuous sample path is frequently rejected. Most of the jumps the statistics identify are associated with governmental macroeconomic announcements. Copyright 2006, Oxford University Press.
3D Cameras Benchmark for Human Tracking in Hybrid Distributed Smart Camera Networks

This article presents a comparison between the different types of depth sensors that are currently on the market after the unavailability of the PrimeSense technology. Several academic research projects in 3D computer vision use this sensor technology. In order to find a substitution to this camera in terms of quality and price, we developed a study of the available 3D geometric sensors that can be used in real-time and low-cost applications. This work is part of our SHuKB SDK for detecting and counting people in hybrid smart camera networks. Our main contribution pertains the quantitative and qualitative assessment of the accessible sensors on the market to improve products identification, close to our needs and provide feasible replacements. This objective intends to avoid the consequences of a sudden loss of sensor products, such as the PrimeSense sensor. This assessment is based on a set of properties and relevant features for people detection and sensing. We present the results of this study and provide an analysis of the different 3D sensors, along with our vision of their fields of application, focused on the smart camera networks and people tracking.
A Dispositional Theory of Reputation Costs

Abstract Politicians frequently turn to reputational arguments to bolster support for their proposed foreign policies. Yet despite the prevailing belief that domestic audiences care about reputation, there is very little direct evidence that publics care about reputation costs, and very little understanding of how. We propose a dispositional theory of reputation costs in which citizens facing ill-defined strategic situations turn to their core predispositions about foreign affairs in order to weigh competing reputational dimensions. Employing a diverse array of methodological tools—from vignette-based survey experiments to automated text analysis—we show that the mass public has a “taste” for reputation, but understands it in fundamentally different ways, with hawks concerned about the negative reputational consequences of inconsistency, and doves equally concerned with the negative reputational consequences of belligerence and interventionism. In illustrating how reputation costs are in our heads, our findings offer both good and bad news for theories of reputation in IR.
Burden of mental illness: a review in an Indian context

ABSTRACT Mental disorders pose a major challenge to the community due to early onset, chronic progressively deteriorating course, frequent relapses and disability. They are associated with tremendous distress both for the patient and the caregiver, and can produce significant disability, especially when not treated in a timely manner. This review aims to discuss the burden of mental illness in terms of economic cost, family burden, disability and unemployment in India. After a conceptual overview of burden, barriers to mental health and treatment gaps are discussed. Finally, progress made in the area of mental health, recent government initiatives and future directions to address the growing problems associated with mental disorders are discussed.
Can the endurance training change the pacing strategy during 10 km running performance?

Abstract The aim of this study was to verify the effect of endurance training on the pacing strategy and analyse the risk of premature fatigue during the 10-km performance in moderately trained runners. Study participants were 14 runners (18–35 years) who had training prescribed with peak velocity (Vpeak) and its time limit (tlim). Three tests were performed on a treadmill: two maximum incrementals for VO2max and Vpeak and one for tlim. The 10-km running performance was evaluated on a 400-m track. The mean velocity, heart rate (HR) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) were monitored at each trial of 10-km running performance. Evaluations were collected pre and after 4 weeks of endurance training. The RPE and HR increased linearly throughout the test, and the risk of fatigue decreased after 3 km. The pacing strategy used by the participants was the “U” running pace in pre- and post-training. There was improvement in the 10-km run after training (40.8 ± 2.8 vs. 39.6 ± 2.7 min). The study showed that 4 weeks of endurance training does not change the pacing strategy and the risk of premature fatigue. However, the training was responsible for improving the 10-km running performance.
Learning Functions Represented as Multiplicity Automata

Interpolation of sparse multivariate polynomials over large nite elds with applications. An eecient membership-query algorithm for learning DNF with respect to the uniform distribution. On zero-testing and interpolation of k-sparse multivariate polynomials over nite elds. Fast parallel algorithms for sparse multivariate polynomial interpolation over nite elds. 21 Denote by A the set of indices from f0; : : :; k ? 1g that appear among the rst k indices under the order. Denote by B the set of indices i such that i + k appears among the last k indices under the order. Both A and B are subsets of f0; : : : ; k ? 1g and by the assumption, jAj; jBj k=2. Deene A t = fij(i+t mod k) 2 Ag. We now show that for some t the size of A t \B is (k). For this, write P k? 1 t=0 jA t \Bj = P j2B jftjj 2 A t gj = jAjjBj k 2 =4. Let t 0 be such that S = A t 0 \ B has size jSj k=4. Denote by G the matrix corresponding to g 2k;k;t 0. In particular let G 0 be the submatrix of G with rows that are all strings x of length k (according to the order) whose bits out of S are xed to 0's and with columns that are all strings y of length k whose bits which are not of the form i + k, for some i 2 S, are xed to 0's. This matrix is the same matrix obtained in the proof for f k;k=2 whose rank is therefore 2 k=2 ? 1. Corollary 5.2 The following classes are not learnable as automata (over any eld K) even if the best order is known:
A novel imaging algorithm with random phase error mitigation for the FMCW SC-SAR system

In this paper, millimeter-wave frequency modulated continuous wave (FMCW) imaging of foreign object debris (FOD) which is potential hazard on airport runway is studied with the help of Spotlight Circular Synthetic Aperture Radar (SC-SAR) system. First, the signal model of FMCW SC-SAR is analyzed. Then, a novel imaging algorithm with random phase error mitigation is developed by virtual of the advanced Range-Doppler method and phase gradient autofocus (PGA). Finally, the experimental results are presented to show the validity of our proposed imaging method for the FMCW SC-SAR system with random phase error.
Learning and adaptive estimation for marker-dependent counting processes

We consider the problem of statistical learning for the intensity of a counting process with covariates. In this context, we introduce an empirical risk, and prove risk bounds for the corresponding empirical risk minimizers. Then, we give an oracle inequality for the popular algorithm of aggregation with exponential weights. This provides a way of constructing estimators that are adaptive to the smoothness and to the structure of the intensity. We prove that these estimators are adaptive over anisotropic Besov balls. The probabilistic tools are maximal inequalities using the generic chaining mechanism, which was introduced by Talagrand (2005), together with Bernstein’s inequality for the underlying martingales.
An Introduction to Affine Arithmetic

Affine arithmetic (AA) is a model for self-validated computation which, like standard interval arithmetic (IA), produces guaranteed enclosures for computed quantities, taking into account any uncertainties in the input data as well as all internal truncation and roundoff errors. Unlike standard IA, the quantity representations used by AA are first-order approximations, whose error is generally quadratic in the width of input intervals. In many practical applications, the higher asymptotic accuracy of AA more than compensates for the increased cost of its operations.
OFD1 and Flotillins Are Integral Components of a Ciliary Signaling Protein Complex Organized by Polycystins in Renal Epithelia and Odontoblasts

Mutation of the X-linked oral-facial-digital syndrome type 1 (OFD1) gene is embryonic lethal in males and results in craniofacial malformations and adult onset polycystic kidney disease in females. While the OFD1 protein localizes to centriolar satellites, centrosomes and basal bodies, its cellular function and how it relates to cystic kidney disease is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that OFD1 is assembled into a protein complex that is localized to the primary cilium and contains the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and domain organizing flotillin proteins. This protein complex, which has similarity to a basolateral adhesion domain formed during cell polarization, also contains the polycystin proteins that when mutant cause autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Importantly, in human ADPKD cells where mutant polycystin-1 fails to localize to cilia, there is a concomitant loss of localization of polycystin-2, OFD1, EGFR and flotillin-1 to cilia. Together, these data suggest that polycystins are necessary for assembly of a novel flotillin-containing ciliary signaling complex and provide a molecular rationale for the common renal pathologies caused by OFD1 and PKD mutations.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: over here and over there

In the United States, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been the subject of unprecedented attention. As a result, ADHD has undergone an explosive growth in terms of the number of professional publications appearing in journals, presentations at national conferences, and media exposure devoted to this topic. However, ADHD continues to generate a great deal of controversy regarding its etiology, diagnostic criteria, and approaches to treatment. In addition, there appears to be pronounced disparities between American and European perspectives on ADHD. In this article we describe the American view of ADHD, discuss factors that have produced an ‘ADHD epidemic’, and contrast American and British perspectives. We then argue that, for non-medical practitioners, functional analysis, which focuses on intervention rather than diagnosis, is the most effective approach.
Detecting Cold Gas at Intermediate Redshifts: Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope Survey Using Mg II Systems

Intervening H I 21 cm absorption systems at z ≥ 1.0 are very rare, and only four confirmed detections have been reported in the literature. Despite their scarcity, they provide interesting and unique insights into the physical conditions in the interstellar medium of high-z galaxies. Moreover, they can provide independent constraints on the variation of fundamental constants. We report three new detections based on our ongoing Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) survey for 21 cm absorbers at 1.10 ≤ zabs ≤ 1.45 from candidate damped Lyα systems. The 21 cm lines are narrow for the zabs = 1.3710 system toward SDSS J0108-0037 and zabs = 1.1726 system toward SDSS J2358-1020. Based on line FWHM, the kinetic temperatures are ≤5200 and ≤800 K, respectively. The 21 cm absorption profile of the third system, zabs = 1.1908 system toward SDSS J0804+3012, is shallow, broad, and complex, extending up to 100 km s-1. The centroids of the 21 cm lines are found to be shifted with respect to the corresponding centroids of the metal lines derived from SDSS spectra. This may mean that the 21 cm absorption is not associated with the strongest metal-line component.