Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wavelet Packet Transform Modulation for Multiple Input Multiple Output Applications

into the wavelet packet transform (WPT) modulation scheme for Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) band-limited systems is presented. The implementation involves using the WPT as the base multiplexing technology at baseband, instead of the traditional Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) common in Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems. An investigation for a WPT-MIMO multicarrier system, using the Alamouti diversity technique, is presented. Results are consistent with those in the original Alamouti work. The scheme is then implemented for WPT-MIMO and FFT- MIMO cases with extended receiver diversity, namely 2 ×Nr MIMO systems, where Nr is the number of receiver elements. It is found that the diversity gain decreases with increasing receiver diversity and that WPT-MIMO systems can be more advantageous than FFT-based MIMO-OFDM systems.
Chlamydial TARP is a bacterial nucleator of actin

Chlamydia trachomatis entry into host cells results from a parasite-directed remodeling of the actin cytoskeleton. A type III secreted effector, TARP (translocated actin recruiting phosphoprotein), has been implicated in the recruitment of actin to the site of internalization. To elucidate the role of TARP in actin recruitment, we identified host cell proteins that associated with recombinant GST-TARP fusions. TARP directly associated with actin, and this interaction promoted actin nucleation as determined by in vitro polymerization assays. Domain analysis of TARP identified an actin-binding domain that bears structural and primary amino acid sequence similarity to WH2 domain family proteins. In addition, a proline-rich domain was found to promote TARP oligomerization and was required for TARP-dependent nucleation of new actin filaments. Our findings reveal a mechanism by which chlamydiae induce localized cytoskeletal changes by the translocated effector TARP during entry into host cells.
Racial and ethnic differences in willingness to participate in psychiatric genetic research

Objective The National Institute of Mental Health's effort to rectify the underrepresentation of American Blacks in the genetic studies of psychiatric disorders has met with mixed success. This study was designed to understand some of the barriers to recruitment. Methods Men and women, who were of Black, White or Hispanic race/ethnicity, aged 18–79 years (N = 353), were recruited from clinical and community settings in New York City. Participants responded to a survey that was designed to measure willingness to participate and attitudes toward genetic research. Principal components analyses generated eight factors including perceived benefits, concerns about, and drawbacks of genetic research, and beliefs about genetic or environmental contributions to psychopathology. Analysis of variance assessed within-ethnic group differences on factor scores, as they related to willingness to participate in genetic research. Results Ethnic groups did not differ significantly in stated willingness to participate in genetic research; more than 70% in each group were willing to participate. Among Blacks and Hispanics, mistrust and wariness, and stigma were significantly increased in those unwilling to participate; for Whites, perceived benefit to society and perceived importance for knowledge/education were associated with willingness to participate. For Blacks and Hispanics, youth (aged 18–29 years) and college education reduced, but did not eliminate the association between wariness and mistrust and willingness to participate. Conclusion Findings suggest that recruitment efforts aimed at increasing the representation of Blacks should be aware of the barriers among those who are less educated, and involve interactive community collaborations, to fully address the mistrust in this population.
The Hippocampus Plays an Important Role in Eyeblink Conditioning with a Short Trace Interval in Glutamate Receptor Subunit δ2 Mutant Mice

Mutant mice lacking the glutamate receptor subunit δ2 exhibit changes in the structure and function of the cerebellar cortex. The most prominent functional feature is a deficiency in the long-term depression (LTD) at parallel fiber–Purkinje cell synapses. These mutant mice exhibit severe impairment during delay eyeblink conditioning but learn normally during trace eyeblink conditioning without the cerebellar LTD, even with a 0 trace interval. We investigated the hippocampal contribution to this cerebellar LTD-independent “0 trace interval” learning. The mutant mice whose dorsal hippocampi were aspirated exhibited severe impairment in learning, whereas those that received post-training hippocampal lesions retained the memory. The wild-type mice showed no impairment in either case. These results suggest that the hippocampal component of the eyeblink conditioning task becomes dominant when cerebellar LTD is impaired.
Preserving User Preferences in Automated Document-Category Management: An Evolution-Based Approach

Analysis of prevalent document management practices shows the popular use of categories (e.g., folders) to organize documents for subsequent searches and retrievals. The coherence and distinction of an existing document category can diminish considerably as influxes of new documents arrive over time. The complexity of and effort requirements for document-category management favor an automated approach that can be supported by appropriate document-clustering techniques. A review of the extant literature shows a predominant focus on document content analysis in automated document-category management, which cannot preserve the user's document-grouping preferences. This research develops two advanced evolution-based techniques for preserving user preferences in their management of document categories. The first technique (CE2), which supports the automated evolution of a set of flat (i.e., nonhierarchical) document categories, extends a promising evolution-based technique (category evolution, CE) by addressing its fundamental limitations inherent to the use of holistic measures. The second technique, category hierarchy evolution (CHE), is developed on the basis of CE2 to support scenarios where document categories are organized with a hierarchical structure. Empirical evaluations of the effectiveness of each technique in various category evolution scenarios created using two different document corpora (i.e., news documents from Reuters and research articles from the ACM digital library), as compared with those of associated salient techniques for benchmark purposes, show that CE2 and CHE outperform their respective benchmark techniques. Their performance is reasonably robust and appears more effective when the quality (coherence) of the previously created categories does not deteriorate excessively. According to our results, the evolution-based approach is viable, appealing, and capable of preserving user preferences in automatic reorganizations of document categories.
Quasi-linear Stokes phenomenon for the second Painlevé transcendent

Using the Riemann–Hilbert approach, we study the quasi-linear Stokes phenomenon for the second Painleve equation yxx = 2y3+xy−α. The precise description of the exponentially small jump in the dominant solution approaching α/x as |x|→∞ is given. For the asymptotic power expansion of the dominant solution, the coefficient asymptotics is computed.
Expansion of CCR5+ CD4+ T-lymphocytes in the course of active pulmonary tuberculosis

Nonsyncytium inducing, macrophage tropic HIV strains predominate in the course of active tuberculosis (TB). The present study assesses the expression of CCR5 in CD4+ T-lymphocytes from blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) of TB patients, non-TB lung disease controls and healthy controls. Memory (CD45RO+), recently activated (CD69+), proliferating (Ki67+) CCR5+ or CCR3+ CD4+ T-lymphocytes were determined by multiparametric flow cytometry analysis. Results show that BAL CD4+ T-lymphocytes expressing CCR5 or CCR3 were significantly increased when compared to peripheral blood both in patients and in healthy controls. However, the data show that the proportions of peripheral blood CCR5+ CD4+ and CCR3+ CD4+ T-lymphocytes and BAL CCR5+ CD4+ T-lymphocytes, but not BAL CCR3+ CD4+ T-lymphocytes, were significantly increased in TB patients. Furthermore, the observation that BAL CCR5+ CD4+ T-lymphocytes from TB patients expressed early activation markers, were not proliferating and showed down-regulation of CCR5 expression suggests recruitment and trapping at the site of disease. Altogether, these results suggest that the lower respiratory tract mucosa may provide cellular targets accessible for efficient transmission of macrophage tropic HIV-1 variants and that tuberculosis may enhance this phenomenon.
Accuracy Evaluation of On-Wafer Load-Pull Measurements

The paper investigates the residual uncertainties effects in on-wafer load pull test sets. After the systematic error correction, based on traditional error-box model, the residual uncertainties on absolute power levels measurements can dramatically affect the accuracy of typical non-linear parameters such as power added efficiency, intermodulation distortion and output power levels for different load conditions. The main causes of residual errors are highlighted, a detailed theoretical analysis is given and the uncertainties effects experimentally evaluated.
Multi-agent formation maneuvering and target interception with double-integrator model

This paper introduces distance-based control laws for the multi-agent formation maneuvering and target interception problems using a double-integrator agent model and rigid graph theory. The proposed controls consist of a formation acquisition term, dependent on the graph rigidity matrix, and a formation maneuvering or target interception term. The control laws are only a function of the relative position/velocity of agents in an infinitesimally and minimally rigid graph, the agent's own velocity, and either the desired velocity of the formation or the target's relative position to the leader and velocity. The target interception control includes a variable structure-type term to compensate for the unknown target acceleration. A Lyapunov-based stability analysis is used to prove that the control objectives are met.
Stochastic dominance and bank liquidity risk : Evidence from the Lehman crisis

We propose a new framework for analysing bank liquidity risk using stochastic dominance methods. Based on Call Report data, we examine the liquidity position of U.S. commercial banks around the Lehman crisis. We shed some light on the issue of liquidity-risk diversi cation across asset and liability classes and provide evidence of banksheterogeneous response to liquidity shocks, depending on size. Since the onset of the global nancial crisis, small banks relied extensively on securities holdings to meet their liquidity needs and undo the ensuing tightening in funding conditions. During the deleveraging process that followed, large banks appeared relatively unconstrained by loan illiquidity and were able to scale down loan exposures more aggressively than smaller banks. Non-transaction deposits played a key role in boosting funding liquidity of larger banks during the Lehman crisis. In contrast, transaction deposits supported the funding position of small banks only after the crisis. In relation to the Basel III set of rules on liquidity bu¤ers, the results suggest that the pool of eligible assets in the de nition of liquidity coverage ratio for large banks could be broadened. Keywords: banking, liquidity risk, stochastic dominance e¢ ciency JEL classi cation codes: C14, C44, G11, G18, G21 Correspondence to be addressed to Spyros Pagratis. yDepartment of Economics, Athens University of Economics and Business, E-mail: spagratis@aueb.gr zDepartment of International & European Economic Studies, Athens University of Economics and Business, E-mail: nikolas@aueb.gr
A Comparison of Shanghai Housing Price Index Forecasting

We forecast Shanghai housing price index using the classical time series analysis method: auto-regressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) model and two nonparametric techniques: artificial neural networks (NN) and support vector machines (SVMs). By evaluating prediction errors, we find that NN method and SVM method are obviously superior to ARIMA for the long-term forecast. It shows that NN model and SVM model are better the ability of generalization. Our study also shows that the forecasting results ofNN method and SVM method are more accurate than ARIMA in the short-time forecast.
The Merkel Cell Polyomavirus Minor Capsid Protein

The surface of polyomavirus virions is composed of pentameric knobs of the major capsid protein, VP1. In previously studied polyomavirus species, such as SV40, two interior capsid proteins, VP2 and VP3, emerge from the virion to play important roles during the infectious entry process. Translation of the VP3 protein initiates at a highly conserved Met-Ala-Leu motif within the VP2 open reading frame. Phylogenetic analyses indicate that Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCV or MCPyV) is a member of a divergent clade of polyomaviruses that lack the conserved VP3 N-terminal motif. Consistent with this observation, we show that VP3 is not detectable in MCV-infected cells, VP3 is not found in native MCV virions, and mutation of possible alternative VP3-initiating methionine codons did not significantly affect MCV infectivity in culture. In contrast, VP2 knockout resulted in a >100-fold decrease in native MCV infectivity, despite normal virion assembly, viral DNA packaging, and cell attachment. Although pseudovirus-based experiments confirmed that VP2 plays an essential role for infection of some cell lines, other cell lines were readily transduced by pseudovirions lacking VP2. In cell lines where VP2 was needed for efficient infectious entry, the presence of a conserved myristoyl modification on the N-terminus of VP2 was important for its function. The results show that a single minor capsid protein, VP2, facilitates a post-attachment stage of MCV infectious entry into some, but not all, cell types.
An Interactive, Multifaceted Approach to Enhancing Pharmacy Students’ Health Literacy Knowledge and Confidence

Objective. To implement and evaluate the effectiveness of an interactive health literacy program by measuring pharmacy students’ knowledge and confidence. Design. A health literacy module consisting of a lecture and workshop was incorporated into a self-care course for first-year pharmacy students. Active-learning activities included practicing health literacy tools, discussing faculty-created video vignettes, and improving readability of patient education monographs. A non-validated survey assessed knowledge and confidence before and after training. Assessment. Fifty-three students (88%) completed a pre-training survey, and 60 (100%) completed a post-training survey. Students’ confidence improved in six of seven areas (p<.001). Students’ knowledge significantly improved in three of 14 areas (p<.01) pertaining to the average American reading level, high-risk age groups, and correlation of late prescription refills to low health literacy. Although knowledge increased in other areas, the improvements were not significant. Conclusion. An interactive, multifaceted health literacy training program significantly improved pharmacy students’ knowledge and confidence in recognizing and being able to assist patients with low health literacy.
Dynamic Entity Representations in Neural Language Models

Understanding a long document requires tracking how entities are introduced and evolve over time. We present a new type of language model, EntityNLM, that can explicitly model entities, dynamically update their representations, and contextually generate their mentions. Our model is generative and flexible; it can model an arbitrary number of entities in context while generating each entity mention at an arbitrary length. In addition, it can be used for several different tasks such as language modeling, coreference resolution, and entity prediction. Experimental results with all these tasks demonstrate that our model consistently outperforms strong baselines and prior work.
Investigating the Origins of Dark Matter Halo Density Profiles

Although high-resolution N-body simulations make robust empirical predictions of the density distribution within cold dark matter halos, these studies have yielded little physical insight into the origins of the distribution. We therefore attempt to investigate the problem using analytic and semianalytic approaches. Simple analytic considerations suggest that the inner slope of the central cusps in dark matter halos cannot be steeper than α = 2 (where ρ ∝ r-α), with α = 1.5-1.7 being a more realistic upper limit. Moreover, our analysis suggests that any number of effects, whether real (e.g., angular momentum imparted by tidal torques and secondary perturbations) or artificial (e.g., two-body interactions, the accuracy of the numerical integrator, round-off errors) will result in shallower slopes. We also find that the halos should exhibit a well-defined relationship between rperi/rapo and jθ/jr. We derive this relationship analytically and speculate that it may be "universal. " Using a semianalytic scheme based on Ryden & Gunn, we further explore the relationship between the specific angular momentum distribution in a halo and its density profile. For present purposes, we restrict ourselves to halos that form primarily via the nearly smooth accretion of matter, and consider only the specific angular momentum generated by secondary perturbations associated with the cold dark matter spectrum of density fluctuations. Compared to those formed in N-body simulations, our "semianalytic" halos are more extended, have flatter rotation curves, and have a higher specific angular momentum, even though we have not yet taken into account the effects of tidal torques. Whether the density profile of numerical halos is indeed the result of loss in angular momentum outside the central region, and whether this loss is a feature of hierarchical merging and major mergers in particular, is under investigation.
Relationship between stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity and plasma triglycerides in human and mouse hypertriglyceridemia Published, JLR Papers in Press, August 16, 2002. DOI 10.1194/jlr.M200189-JLR200

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) is expressed at high levels in several human tissues and is required for the biosynthesis of oleate (18:1) and palmitoleate (16:1). These monounsaturated fatty acids are the major components of phospholipids, triglycerides, wax esters, and cholesterol esters. Mice with a targeted disruption of the SCD1 gene have very low levels of VLDL and impaired triglyceride and cholesterol ester biosynthesis. In the HYPLIP mouse, a model of hyperlipidemia, there was a 4-fold increase in hepatic SCD activity, a 1.8-fold increase in the desaturation index, and a 2-fold increase in plasma triglycerides. We used the plasma ratio of 18:1/18:0 (the “desaturation index”) as an in vivo measure of SCD activity in human subjects. In human subjects with triglycerides ranging from 0.3 to 20 mM, the desaturation ratio accounted for one-third of the variance in plasma triglyceride levels. A 2-fold increase in the desaturation index was associated with a 4-fold increase in plasma triglycerides. In human subjects exposed to a high carbohydrate diet, the desaturation index explained 44% of the variance in triglycerides. We propose that many of the factors that influence plasma triglyceride levels do so by converging upon the regulation of SCD activity.
Probing Theories of Speech Timing using Optimization Modeling

We implement two theories about the temporal organization of speech in an optimization-based model of speech timing and conduct simulation experiments in order to test whether both theories can account for the phenomenon of foot-level shortening (FLS) observed in English speech corpora. Results suggest that a model that induces compensatory timing relations between syllables and feet predicts empirical results very accurately. However, we also observe that the FLS effect can equally well be explained under the assumption that suprasegmental timing is confined to localized lengthening effects at the heads and edges of prosodic domains. Implications for theories of speech timing are discussed.
The Neurofibromatosis 2 Protein, Merlin, Regulates Glial Cell Growth in an ErbB2- and Src-Dependent Manner

ABSTRACT Individuals with the inherited cancer predisposition syndrome neurofibromatosis 2 (NF2) develop several central nervous system (CNS) malignancies, including glial cell neoplasms (ependymomas). Recent studies have suggested that the NF2 protein, merlin (or schwannomin), may regulate receptor tyrosine kinase signaling, intracellular mitogenic growth control pathways, or adherens junction organization in non-nervous-system cell types. For this report, we used glial fibrillary acidic protein conditional knockout mice and derivative glia to determine how merlin regulates CNS glial cell proliferation. We show that the loss of merlin in glial cells results in increased proliferation in vitro and in vivo. Merlin regulation of glial cell growth reflects deregulated Src activity, such that pharmacologic or genetic inhibition of Src activation reduces Nf2−/− glial cell growth to wild-type levels. We further show that Src regulates Nf2−/− glial cell growth by sequentially regulating FAK and paxillin phosphorylation/activity. Next, we demonstrate that Src activation results from merlin regulation of ErbB2 activation and that genetic or pharmacologic ErbB2 inhibition reduces Nf2−/− glial cell Src/Src effector activation and proliferation to wild-type levels. Lastly, we show that merlin competes with Src for direct binding to ErbB2 and present a novel molecular mechanism for merlin regulation of ErbB2-dependent Src signaling and growth control.
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The ability to re-represent information—i.e., to see things in new ways—is essential for human reasoning, creativity, and learning. It forms the foundation of insight problem solving and scientific explanation, and is hypothesized to play a pivotal role in concept development in children. Re-representation is useful because it allows a cognizer to make sense of things in ways that were previously impossible. Yet, invoking this operation can quickly become computationally intractable in light of the combinatorial explosion of re-representation options to consider. Although this intractability may explain why discovering useful ways of re-representing information can be cognitively challenging at times (as in insight puzzles and creativity), it seems difficult to reconcile with automatic and apparently effortless forms of re-representation (as in everyday analogizing and children’s development of concepts). To get more insight into the conditions that can make re-representation tractable, we performed computational complexity analyses of a formal model of re-representation as invoked in analogy derivation. We will discuss how our complexity results can help explain when and why rerepresentation can be invoked effectively and efficiently.
On the constrained controllability of dynamical systems with multiple delays in the state

Linear stationary dynamical systems with multiple constant delays in the state are studied. Their relative and approximate controllability properties with constrained controls are discussed. Definitions of various types of controllability with constrained controls for systems with delays in the state are introduced. Some theorems concerning the relative and the approximate relative controllability with constrained controls for dynamical systems with delays in the state are established. Various types of constraints are considered. Numerical examples illustrate the theoretical analysis. An example of a real technical dynamical system is given to indicate one of possible practical applications of the theoretical results.