Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mass democracy, the welfare state and European integration: A neo-Weberian analysis

During the twentieth century, the European nation-state witnessed a spectacular phase shift: from the so-called Rechtsstaat, based on the rule of law and a limited set of civil freedoms, to the mass democratic welfare state, based on full political and social rights. This shift affected not only the articulation of the state as an organization, but also the nature of the polity and of politics tout court, understood as an autonomous sphere of social interaction. The power and functions of government have significantly increased; the civil and political rights of citizenship have been consolidated and a new generation of social rights has been added, greatly expanding people’s life chances (Marshall, 1950). Around the middle of the century, this epochal double expansion of vertical authority and horizontal powers started to transcend the boundaries of the nation-state, giving rise to a new form of political organization: the European Union. While gradually turning into extensive welfare states, an increasing number of the sovereign political communities of the Old Continent have also become member states of a supra-national community, with a relatively autonomous authoritative center (Sbragia, 1994; Bickerton, 2012). In the last 15 years, a new strand of political studies has started to interpret European integration as a new juncture in the evolution of the European state system. (Flora, 2000; Bartolini, 2005; Ferrera, 2005; Börner and Eigmüller, 2015). Aimed at capturing both the political nature of the EU as such and its impact on the nation-state, this literature has
Evaluation of a low-cost alternative communication device with brain control

This study seeks to evaluate the performance reliability of a prototype of AAC(Augmentative and alternative communication) device with BCI technology. Ten subjects were required to control cursor movements and activate switches from the AAC by using mental focus control and eye-winking directional control. Focus levels were monitored through EEG data extracted from the frontal cortical location. Attention shifts from low to high attention levels correlating with each task-onset were analyzed. Results showed positive performance reliability for controlling the AAC device using these parameters. No significant correlations were shown between test performance and familiarity with the device. The results of this study provide evidence that brain-focus and eye-winks could be useful and reliable tools to incorporate into AAC technology developments.
Rumination as a Mediator of Chronic Stress Effects on Hypertension: A Causal Model

Chronic stress has been linked to hypertension, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly specified. We suggest that chronic stress poses a risk for hypertension through repeated occurrence of acute stressors (often stemming from the chronic stress context) that cause activation of stress-mediating physiological systems. Previous models have often focused on the magnitude of the acute physiological response as a risk factor; we attempt to extend this to address the issue of duration of exposure. Key to our model is the notion that these acute stressors can emerge not only in response to stressors present in the environment, but also to mental representations of those (or other) stressors. Consequently, although the experience of any given stressor may be brief, a stressor often results in a constellation of negative cognitions and emotions that form a mental representation of the stressor. Ruminating about this mental representation of the stressful event can cause autonomic activation similar to that observed in response to the original incident, and may occur and persist long after the event itself has ended. Thus, rumination helps explain how chronic stress causes repeated (acute) activation of one's stress-mediating physiological systems, the effects of which accumulate over time, resulting in hypertension risk.
SFDHT: A DHT Designed for Server Farm

DHT (Distributed Hash Table) algorithms are very efficient for distributed data storage and retrieval. As one kind of P2P overlay, DHT overlay also has the advantages of high reliability, high scalability and low cost. DHT has not only been applied to form user nodes' overlays, but also been proposed to form DHT-based server farms, such as DHT-based SIP server farm, HSS server farm, DNS server farm, CDN server farm, etc. However, seldom DHT algorithms consider server farm's stringent requirement on system capacity, and only a handful of DHT algorithms take server into consideration. This paper presents our DHT algorithm called SFDHT for high throughput DHT server farm. Compared with existing DHTs, SFDHT considers the characters and requirements of DHT server farm and maximizes system capacity. SFDHT is a one-hop DHT with novel built-in load balancing solution. The proposed load balancing solution produces much less overhead that existing solutions do. Both theoretical analysis and simulation results show that SFDHT can reduce overhead, balance load and improve system capacity.
An investigation of implicit vs. explicit oral corrective feedback on Chinese pupils' use of past tense

This experimental study investigated the relative effectiveness of two broad categories of oral corrective feedback (i.e., implicit vs. explicit feedback) on primary pupilsâ€™ use of past tense. Data was collected from a primary school in Hong Kong involving 24 pupils in two experimental groups and one control group. A pre-test was given in the first week to ensure the three groups were equivalent at the beginning. Afterwards, students were asked to retell a story, during which students in one experimental group received implicit oral feedback on their use of past tense, while those in the other experimental group received explicit feedback. The control group did not receive immediate oral feedback. All three groups received an immediate post-test at the end of story retelling, and a delayed post-test two weeks later. Test scores were analysed to examine changes within each group and differences across groups. The study found both experimental groups outperformed the control group, but there was no significant difference between the two experimental groups, except that the group receiving explicit feedback tended to outperform the implicit group, especially in repairing regular verbs. The findings suggest both types of oral corrective feedback could be given to ESL learners during form-related classroom instruction.
Common Fixed Point Theorems For Finite Number Of Mappings Without Continuity And Compatibility In Menger Spaces

The purpose of this paper is to prove some common fixed point theorems for finite number of discontinuous, noncompatible mappings on non complete Menger spaces. Our results extend, improve and generalize several known results in Menger spaces. We give formulas for total number of commutativity conditions for finite number of mappings.
Linking Work–Family Enrichment to Job Satisfaction through Job Well-Being and Family Support: A Moderated Mediation Analysis of Social Workers across India

Social workers often experience stress from competing work and family demands, which negatively affects their job well-being and subsequently their job satisfaction. Yet, social workers can experience enrichment from participating in both work and family roles, which positively influences their job well-being and job satisfaction. The present study aimed to examine the mediating role of job well-being on the relationship between work-family enrichment and job satisfaction, and the moderating role of family support on the relationship between work-family enrichment and job well-being, and subsequently on job satisfaction for social workers. Data were collected from professional social workers employed in various governmental and non-governmental agencies across fifteen states and territories (n = 428) in India using a paper-and-pencil questionnaire. We found that social workers who experienced work-family enrichment also experienced job well-being and subsequently job satisfaction, particularly at higher levels of family support. These findings highlight the importance of the synergistic combination of work and family resources such as family support, work-family enrichment and job well-being to enhance the job satisfaction of social workers. We discuss the implications of these findings for social service organisations and recommend ways in which work-family enrichment can be enhanced.
On Completeness and Consistency in Nonparametric Instrumental Variable Models

This paper provides positive testability results for the identification condition in a nonparametric instrumental variable model, known as completeness, and it links the outcome of the test to properties of an estimator of the structural function. In particular, I show that the data can provide empirical evidence in favor of both an arbitrarily small identified set as well as an arbitrarily small asymptotic bias of the estimator. This is the case for a large class of complete distributions as well as certain incomplete distributions. As a byproduct, the results can be used to estimate an upper bound of the diameter of the identified set and to obtain an easy to report estimator of the identified set itself.
Gravitational waves from resolvable massive black hole binary systems and observations with Pulsar Timing Arrays

Massive black holes are key components of the assembly and evolution of cosmic structures, and a number of surveys are currently on going or planned to probe the demographics of these objects and to gain insight into the relevant physical processes. Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTAs) currently provide the only means to observe gravitational radiation from massive black hole binary systems with masses 10 7 M� . The whole cosmic population produces a stochastic background that could be detectable with upcoming PTAs. Sources sufficiently close and/or massive generate gravitational radiation that significantly exceeds the level of the background and could be individually resolved. We consider a wide range of massive black hole binary assembly scenarios, investigate the distribution of the main physical parameters of the sources, such as masses and redshift, and explore the consequences for PTAs observations. Depending on the specific massive black hole population model, we estimate that on average at least one resolvable source produces timing residuals in the range ∼5–50 ns. PTAs, and in particular the future Square Kilometre Array, can plausibly detect these unique systems, although the events are likely to be rare. These observations would naturally complement on the high-mass end of the massive black hole distribution function future surveys carried out by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna.
The High-Energy Spectra of Accreting Black Holes: Observational Evidence for Bulk-Motion Infall

We discuss the emergent spectra from accreting black holes, considering in particular the case where the accretion is characterized by relativistic bulk motion. We suggest that such accretion is likely to occur in a wide variety of black hole environments, where the strong gravitational field is expected to dominate the pressure forces, and that this is likely to lead to a characteristic high-energy spectroscopic signature: an extended power-law tail. It is in the high (soft) state that matter impinging upon the event horizon can be viewed directly, and the intrinsic power law is seen. Certain types of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) may represent the extragalactic analog of the high-soft state accretion, which would further support our ideas, demonstrating the stability of the (α~1.8) power law. This stability is a result of the asymptotic independence of the spectral index on the mass accretion rate and its weak dependence on plasma temperatures. We have computed the expected spectral energy distribution for an accreting black hole binary in terms of our three model parameters: the disk color temperature, a geometric factor related to the illumination of the black hole site by the disk, and a spectral index related to the efficiency of the bulk-motion up-scattering. We emphasize that this is a fully self-consistent approach, and it is not to be confused with the more common phenomenological methods employing additive power law and blackbody or multicolor disk. A test of the model is presented using observational data from the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory (CGRO) and the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE), covering ≃2-200 keV for two recent galactic black hole X-ray nova outbursts. The resulting model fits are encouraging and, along with some observational trends cited from the literature, they support our bulk-motion hypothesis.
Integrating Personality and Social Networks: A Meta-Analysis of Personality, Network Position, and Work Outcomes in Organizations

Using data from 138 independent samples, we meta-analytically examined three research questions concerning the roles of personality and network position in organizations. First, how do different personality characteristics-self-monitoring and the Big Five personality traits-relate to indegree centrality and brokerage, the two most studied structurally advantageous positions in organizational networks? Second, how do indegree centrality and brokerage compare in explaining job performance and career success? Third, how do these personality variables and network positions relate to work outcomes? Our results show that self-monitoring predicted indegree centrality across expressive and instrumental networks and brokerage in expressive networks after controlling for the Big Five traits. Self-monitoring, therefore, was especially relevant for understanding why people differ in their acquisition of advantageous positions in social networks. But the total variance explained by personality ranged between 3% and 5%. Surprisingly, we found that indegree centrality was more strongly related to job performance and career success than brokerage. We also found that personality predicted job performance and career success above and beyond network position and that network position partially mediated the effects of certain personality variables on work outcomes. This paper provides an integrated view of how an individual's personality and network position combine to influence job performance and career success.
On Solving Univariate Polynomial Equations over Finite Fields and Some Related Problems

We show deterministic polynomial time algorithms over some family of finite fields for solving univariate polynomial equations and some related problems such as taking nth roots, constructing nth nonresidues, constructing primitive elements and computing elliptic curve “nth roots”. In additional, we present a deterministic polynomial time primality test for some family of integers. All algorithms can be proved by elementary means (without assuming any unproven hypothesis). The problem of solving polynomial equations over finite fields is a generalization of the following problems over finite fields • constructing primitive nth roots of unity, • taking nth roots, • constructing nth nonresidues, • constructing primitive elements (generators of the multiplicative group) for any positive n dividing the number of elements of the underlying field. By the Tonelli-Shanks square root algorithm [21, 19] and its generalization for taking nth roots, constructing nth nonresidues and taking nth roots are polynomial time equivalent for all n. It is clear that primitive nth roots of unity can be computed efficiently from any nth nonresidue when n is prime. It is obvious that a primitive element is also an nth nonresidue. In [20], we showed that, for some families of finite fields, once we can compute a primitive nth root of unity for some suitably chosen n, we can take square roots. The problem of solving polynomial equations is a special case of the problem of polynomial factoring. There is a deterministic polynomial time algorithm, Lenstra-Lenstra-Lovász [15], for factoring polynomials over rational numbers. For polynomial factoring over finite fields, we have Berlekamp’s algorithm [4], which is deterministic but exponential time. So it only works well in small finite fields. There is a probabilistic version of Berlekamp’s algorithm [5] for large finite fields. We also have Cantor-Zassenhaus [7], which is a probabilistic algorithm, for polynomial factoring over finite fields. For a survey of polynomial factoring, see [10]. The problem of solving polynomial equations is to find the solutions of f(x) = 0 over Fq, where Fq is a finite field with q elements and f(x) ∈ Fq[x] is a polynomial with deg f = O(poly(log q)). We may assume f is a product of distinct linear factors since squarefree factorization1 (see [26] and Suppose the input polynomial is a product of some irreducible factors with multiplicity ≥ 1. Squarefree factorization is the process finding the product of the same set of irreducible factors with multiplicity equal 1.
THE MONTHLY EFFECT IN INTERNATIONAL STOCK MARKETS: EVIDENCE AND IMPLICATIONS

A monthly effect has been reported in several international stock markets. This study investigated seven countries’ stock markets that have not been studied thoroughly. Three of the seven countries’ markets had a monthly effect. An inverted monthly effect was found in a Pacific basin market. It was also determined that the January effect, although significant, was not capable of explaining the presence of monthly effect where they exist.
Biosynthesis and Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Phoenix dactylifera Fruits Extract and their In Vitro Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Effects

In this article, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized by the biological green technique, using the aqueous extracts obtained from fruits of Phoenix dactylifera (date palm). This method is simple, rapid, non-toxic, and sustainable, and substitutes for the conventional physical/chemical methods. The cytotoxic activities of AgNPs derived from date fruit extract have not been mentioned in the earlier studies. The biosynthesized AgNPs are analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), UV-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) methods. The assessment of antimicrobial effect towards human pathogenic microbial strains and their potential cytotoxicity against human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7) were also evaluated. FT-IR spectral studies showed that phytomolecules such as carbohydrates, phenolic acids and flavonoids present in date fruits extract are involved in the reduction and capping of the AgNPs. UV-vis spectrum revealed Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) at 425 nm which attributes the presence of AgNPs in aqueous extract. TEM micrographs showed that AgNPs particle diameter is ranged from 20 nm to 100 nm with spherical morphology. The biosynthesized AgNPs exhibited significant antimicrobial activity towards human microbial strains. Phytosynthesized NPs also induce cytotoxicity via necrosis, apoptosis and mitodepressive mechanisms that can disturb the cellular components at various stages of cell cycle. The present study concludes that biologically synthesized AgNPs using Phoenix dactylifera is cost-effective, rapid, non-toxic, and sustainable and can be effectively used as an adjunct for the treatment of breast carcinoma.
Quality of Work Life in Nurses: Family, Career and Psych Contextual Associations

Objective: This study sought to evaluate the relationship and the role of structural job stress, emotion regulation, and family satisfaction in predicting of the quality of working life. Methods: The sample of the study, all the nurses working in hospitals supported by the army of Islamic Republic of Iran. In order to choose the desired samples of the study, first a multi-stage cluster sampling method was used, and then, simple random sampling method was used (n=400). Data collection tools Walton Quality of life scale (1973), Spiel-Berger job stress scale, Gross and John emotional Regulation(Gross and John 2003, Rose, Beh et al. 2006), and Olson and Wilson (1982) family satisfaction scale (FSS). Data were analyzed by SPSS software and information in the form of descriptive and inferential statistics were expressed. Results: The data analysis showed that the quality of life working, have positive and significant relationship with the components of emotional regulation and family satisfaction, and also a significant negative relationship with job stress. Conclusion: These three structures in total can anticipate 30% of the quality of life working changes and can have a significant impact on the quality of work in organizations.
Cenozoic Methane-Seep Faunas of the Caribbean Region

We report new examples of Cenozoic cold-seep communities from Colombia, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Trinidad, and Venezuela, and attempt to improve the stratigraphic dating of Cenozoic Caribbean seep communities using strontium isotope stratigraphy. Two seep faunas are distinguished in Barbados: the late Eocene mudstone-hosted ‘Joes River fauna’ consists mainly of large lucinid bivalves and tall abyssochrysoid gastropods, and the early Miocene carbonate-hosted ‘Bath Cliffs fauna’ containing the vesicomyid Pleurophopsis, the mytilid Bathymodiolus and small gastropods. Two new Oligocene seep communities from the Sinú River basin in Colombia consist of lucinid bivalves including Elongatolucina, thyasirid and solemyid bivalves, and Pleurophopsis. A new early Miocene seep community from Cuba includes Pleurophopsis and the large lucinid Meganodontia. Strontium isotope stratigraphy suggests an Eocene age for the Cuban Elmira asphalt mine seep community, making it the oldest in the Caribbean region. A new basal Pliocene seep fauna from the Dominican Republic is characterized by the large lucinid Anodontia (Pegophysema). In Trinidad we distinguish two types of seep faunas: the mudstone-hosted Godineau River fauna consisting mainly of lucinid bivalves, and the limestone-hosted Freeman’s Bay fauna consisting chiefly of Pleurophopsis, Bathymodiolus, and small gastropods; they are all dated as late Miocene. Four new seep communities of Oligocene to Miocene age are reported from Venezuela. They consist mainly of large globular lucinid bivalves including Meganodontia, and moderately sized vesicomyid bivalves. After the late Miocene many large and typical ‘Cenozoic’ lucinid genera disappeared from the Caribbean seeps and are today known only from the central Indo-Pacific Ocean. We speculate that the increasingly oligotrophic conditions in the Caribbean Sea after the closure of the Isthmus of Panama in the Pliocene may have been unfavorable for such large lucinids because they are only facultative chemosymbiotic and need to derive a significant proportion of their nutrition from suspended organic matter.