Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Aripiprazole effects on alcohol consumption and subjective reports in a clinical laboratory paradigm--possible influence of self-control.

INTRODUCTION There has been increasing interest in the use of medications that affect the dopamine receptor in the treatment of alcoholism. Aripiprazole has the unique pharmacology of being a partial dopamine agonist serving to stabilize brain dopamine systems in both frontal cortical and subcortical areas. As such, it might act to dampen alcohol reinforcement and craving and/or alter control over alcohol use. The current clinical laboratory study was conducted to evaluate the safety and efficacy of aripiprazole as a potential agent to alter drinking and objective effects of alcohol. METHODS Thirty nontreatment seeking alcoholics were enrolled in a subacute human laboratory study and received double-blind treatment with up to 15 mg of aripiprazole (n = 15) or identical placebo (n = 15) for 8 days. Tolerability and utility of aripiprazole was monitored during natural drinking over the first 6 days of medication treatment and also during a free choice limited access alcohol consumption paradigm following an initial drink of alcohol in a bar-lab setting on Day 8. RESULTS Aripiprazole was well tolerated and reduced drinking in nontreatment seeking alcoholics over 6 days of natural drinking--especially in those with lower self control (more impulsive). It also reduced drinks in the bar-lab after a priming drink and broke the link between priming drink induced stimulation and further drinking. During the bar-lab drinking session, there were no differences in subjective high, intoxication, or craving between subjects treated with aripiprazole or placebo. DISCUSSION This study joins several others in demonstrating the utility of subacute dosing laboratory paradigms for evaluating medication effects in alcoholics. Aripiprazole was well tolerated and lowered alcohol use, especially in those with lower impulse control. Further study is needed to determine the safety and utility of aripiprazole in the treatment of alcoholism and if subgroups of alcoholics are more likely to respond.
Transfer and Occurrence of Large Mercury Resistance Plasmids in River Epilithon

In situ mating experiments were done in the River Taff, South Wales, United Kingdom, by using a natural mercury resistance plasmid (pQM1) isolated from a mixture of epilithic bacteria in vitro. The river temperature from March to November was found to influence transfer frequencies strongly (6.8 × 10−9 to 1.5 × 10−2 per recipient). A linear relationship existed between log10 transfer frequency and river temperature (6 to 21°C), a 2.6°C change in temperature giving a 10-fold change in transfer frequency. In vitro experiments showed that pQM1 transferred most efficiently between fluorescent pseudomonads and that one epilithic isolate (Pseudomonas fluorescens) was an efficient donor in situ. Experiments with a P. putida recipient showed that intact epilithic bacterial communities could transfer mercury resistance plasmids in situ at frequencies of up to 3.75 × 10−6 per recipient. Nineteen of the large (>250-kilobase) plasmids isolated by transfer into P. putida were studied in detail and grouped into seven types by restriction digests. Mercury resistance and UV resistance were found to be common linked phenotypes in 19 of the 23 plasmids tested.
High sensitivity test for the early diagnosis of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. IV. Early detection of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia by the computation of a hyperbaric index.

UNLABELLED The aims of this study were to examine whether the combined approach of 1) establishing tolerance intervals for the circadian variability of blood pressure as a function of gestational age, and 2) computing the hyperbaric index by comparison of any patient's blood pressure profile (obtained by ambulatory monitoring) with the tolerance limits, provides a new highly sensitive test for the early detection of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia. We analyzed a total of 745 blood pressure series sampled by ambulatory monitoring for about 48 hours in each of several occasions in 189 women with uncomplicated pregnancies, 71 with gestational hypertension, and 29 with preeclampsia. After synchronization of all data by expressing times of sampling in hours from bed-time, circadian tolerance limits were first computed from the normotensive subjects as a function of trimester of pregnancy. The hyperbaric index and the percentage time of excess were then computed for each individual blood pressure series. The maximum hyperbaric index was below 15 mmHg X hour for normotensive pregnant women in all trimesters of pregnancy, and mostly above that value for women who subsequently developed gestational hypertension or preeclampsia. Sensitivity of the test based on the maximum hyperbaric index was 97% for women sampled during the first trimester of gestation, and increased up to 100% in the third trimester. The positive predictive value was 100% in all trimesters. Moreover, the computation of the hyperbaric index provided, on the average, an early identification of gestational hypertension or preeclampsia 20 weeks prior to the clinical confirmation of the disease. CONCLUSIONS Ambulatory monitoring of blood pressure during gestation provides sensitive endpoints for use in early risk assessment and as a guide for establishing preventive interventions. The approach presented here represents a simple, reproducible, non-invasive, and highly sensitive test for the very early identification of gestational hypertension and preeclampsia.
Measuring graduate students' teaching and research skills through self-report: Descriptive findings and validity evidence

This study extends research on graduate student development by examining descriptive findings and validity of a self-report survey designed to capture graduate students’ assessments of their teaching and research skills. Descriptive findings provide some information about areas of growth among graduate students’ in the first years of their graduate studies. Validity is examined using a retrospective think-aloud method and by exploring the relationship between responses to the self-report survey and other measures of participants’ teaching and research skills. Findings indicate that several factors contribute to graduate students’ perceptions of their research and teaching skills such as their personal values and research and teaching practices. Additionally, participants’ self-reported teaching and research skills were inconsistent with the perceptions of their students and researchers, respectively. These findings support previous research indicating that the interpretation of personal efficacy instruments may be problematic (Tshannen-Moran et al., 1998).
Radiosensitivity and Induction of Apoptosis by High LET Carbon Ion Beam and Low LET Gamma Radiation: A Comparative Study

Cancer treatment with high LET heavy ion beam, especially, carbon ion beam (12C), is becoming very popular over conventional radiotherapy like low LET gamma or X-ray. Combination of Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor with xenotoxic drugs or conventional radiation (gamma or X-ray) is the newer approach for cancer therapy. The aim of our study was to compare the radiosensitivity and induction of apoptosis by high LET 12C and low LET gamma radiation in HeLa and PARP-1 knocked down cells. We did comet assay to detect DNA breaks, clonogenic survival assay, and cell cycle analysis to measure recovery after DNA damage. We measured apoptotic parameters like nuclear fragmentation and caspase-3 activation. DNA damage, cell killing, and induction of apoptosis were significantly higher for 12C than gamma radiation in HeLa. Cell killing and apoptosis were further elevated upon knocking down of PARP-1. Both 12C and gamma induced G2/M arrest although the 12C had greater effect. Unlike the gamma, 12C irradiation affects DNA replication as detected by S-phase delay in cell cycle analysis. So, we conclude that high LET 12C has greater potential over low LET gamma radiation in killing cells and radiosensitization upon PARP-1 inhibition was several folds greater for 12C than gamma.
The contribution of lead-contaminated house dust and residential soil to children's blood lead levels. A pooled analysis of 12 epidemiologic studies.

In 1992, the U.S. Congress passed the Residential Lead-Based Paint Hazard Reduction Act, which requires the promulgation of health-based dust lead and soil lead standards for residential dwellings to prevent undue lead exposure in children. Unfortunately, the levels of lead in house dust and soil that are associated with elevated blood lead levels among U.S. children remain poorly defined. This pooled analysis was done to estimate the contributions of lead-contaminated house dust and soil to children's blood lead levels. The results of this pooled analysis, the most comprehensive existing epidemiologic analysis of childhood lead exposure, confirm that lead-contaminated house dust is the major source of lead exposure for children. These analyses further demonstrate that a strong relationship between interior dust lead loading and children's blood lead levels persists at dust lead levels considerably below the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development's current postabatement standards and the Environmental Protection Agency's guidance levels. Finally, these analyses demonstrate that a child's age, race, mouthing behaviors, and study-site specific factors influence the predicted blood lead level at a given level of exposure. These data can be used to estimate the potential health impact of alternative health-based lead standards for residential sources of lead exposure.
14 Spontaneous Retrieval in Prospective Memory

O ur chapter, like others in this volume, focuses on episodic memory. Other chapters have approached episodic memory as a process or system to preserve an individual's mental record of his or her past. Here we take a broader view that episodic memory also allows people to mentally place themselves forward in time. Tulving (2004) has termed this process proscopic chronesthesia. Proscopic chronesthesia, likely unique to humans, supports forward looking activities, the anticipation of what we will be doing in the near and long term, what we are likely to feel in anticipated events, what we hope to accomplish, and the planning activities that accompany this future oriented behavior. Closely aligned with such mental time-travel is prospective memory, which is the focus of the present chapter. Prospective memory is memory for activities that we intend to perform in the future. More specifically, prospective memory refers to remembering to perform an intended action at an appropriate moment in the future. With even minimal thought, it is clear that everyday living is replete with prospective memory tasks. We need to remember to give colleagues messages, to pack a desired item in our work bag, to remember to pick up some grocery item on the way home from work, and to remember to attend scheduled appointments. For one of us, the last prospective memory challenge is especially salient because recently, at the time that a faculty meeting was scheduled, MAM forgot about the meeting (his colleagues were much amused that a prospective memory researcher would forget the meeting). Prospective memory is also needed for handling health-related needs such as remembering to exercise, monitor various bodily indices like blood pressure or blood-sugar levels, and to take medication. The latter is increasingly frequent as the Center for Disease Control and Prevention reports that 44% of Americans (http://www.cdc.gov/nchs.hus.htm) have taken a prescription medication over the past month and 17% have taken three or more medications. Despite the prevalence of prospective memory in every day life, the scientific study of memory dating from Ebbinghaus (1885/1964) has not included
Design and CAD methodologies for low power gate-level monolithic 3D ICs

In a gate-level monolithic 3D IC (M3D), all the transistors in a single logic gate occupy the same tier, and gates in different tiers are connected using nano-scale monolithic inter-tier vias. This design style has the benefit of the superior power-performance quality offered by flat implementations (unlike block-level M3D), and zero total silicon area overhead compared to 2D (unlike transistor-level M3D). In this paper we develop, for the first time, a complete RTL-to-GDSII design flow for gate-level M3D. Our tool flow is based on commercial tools built for 2D ICs and enhanced with our 3D-specific methodologies. We use this flow along with a 28nm PDK to build layouts for the OpenSPARC T2 core. Our simulations show that at the same performance, gate-level M3D offers 16% total power reduction with 0% area overhead compared to commercial quality 2D IC designs.
Homologous Recombination as a Replication Fork Escort: Fork-Protection and Recovery

Homologous recombination is a universal mechanism that allows DNA repair and ensures the efficiency of DNA replication. The substrate initiating the process of homologous recombination is a single-stranded DNA that promotes a strand exchange reaction resulting in a genetic exchange that promotes genetic diversity and DNA repair. The molecular mechanisms by which homologous recombination repairs a double-strand break have been extensively studied and are now well characterized. However, the mechanisms by which homologous recombination contribute to DNA replication in eukaryotes remains poorly understood. Studies in bacteria have identified multiple roles for the machinery of homologous recombination at replication forks. Here, we review our understanding of the molecular pathways involving the homologous recombination machinery to support the robustness of DNA replication. In addition to its role in fork-recovery and in rebuilding a functional replication fork apparatus, homologous recombination may also act as a fork-protection mechanism. We discuss that some of the fork-escort functions of homologous recombination might be achieved by loading of the recombination machinery at inactivated forks without a need for a strand exchange step; as well as the consequence of such a model for the stability of eukaryotic genomes.
Hierarchy of Ventricular Pacemakers

To characterize the pattern of pacemaker dominance in the ventricular specialized conduction system (VSCS), escape ventricular pacemakers were localized and quantified in vivo and in vitro, in normal hearts and in hearts 24 hoars after myocardial infarction. Escape pacemaker fod were localized in vivo during vagally induced atria! arrest by means of electrograms recorded from the His bundle and proximal bundle branches and standard electrocardiographk limb leads. The VSCS was isolated using a modified Ellzari preparation or preparations of each bundle branch. Pacemakers were located by extra- and lntracellu-lar recordings. Escape pacemaker foci in vivo were always in the proximal conduction system, usually the left bundle branch. The rate was 43 ± 11 (mean ± sd) beats/min. After β-adrenergic blockade, the mean rate fell to 31 ± 10 beats/min, bat there were no shifts in pacemaker location. In the infarcted hearts, pacemakers were located in the peripheral left bundle branch. The mean rate was 146 ± 20 beats/min. In isolated normal preparations, the dominant pacemakers usually were in the His bundle, firing at a mean rate of 43 ± 10 beats/min. The rates of pacemakers diminished with distal progression. In infarcted hearts, the pacemakers invariably were in the infant zone. The mean firing rates were not influenced by β-adrenergic blockade. The results indicate that the dominant pacemakers are normally in the very proximal VSCS, bnt after myocardial infarction pacemaker dominance is shifted into the infarct. Distribution of pacemaker dominance is independent of sympathetic influence.
A Case of Sinonasal Melanoma With Unusual Primary Exon 17 KIT D820G Mutation

Sinonasal melanomas are rare neoplasms with poor prognosis that may harbor KIT and NRAS genes mutations. Molecular alterations represent possible targets of tailored therapeutic approaches. We describe the case of a 74-year-old patient with primary melanoma of the nasal cavity. Mutational analysis of KIT demonstrated a point missense mutation D820G in exon 17. This represents, to our knowledge, the first case of sinonasal melanoma harboring this specific KIT mutation. Although KIT mutations confer sensibility to thyrosine-kinase inhibitor, it has been proved that this is strongly dependent on the region in which this alteration occurs. Thus it seems very important to perform an accurate gene mutational analysis to provide a biological rationale to the tailored therapy.
On complete Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional techniques for uncertain systems with fast‐varying delays

Stability of linear systems with norm‐bounded uncertainties and uncertain time‐varying delays is considered. The delay is supposed to be bounded and fast varying (without any constraints on the delay derivative). Sufficient stability conditions are derived by direct Lyapunov method based on the complete Lyapunov–Krasovskii functional (LKF). A novel complete LKF construction is presented: the derivative condition for the nominal LKF (i.e. for the LKF, which corresponds to the system with the nominal values of the coefficients and of the delay) depends on the ‘present’ state only. The comprehensive technique for stability analysis of uncertain time‐delay systems is extended to the case of complete LKF: the application of free weighting matrices (instead of descriptor model transformation) and of Jensen's inequality (instead of the cross‐terms bounding). Numerical examples illustrate the efficiency of the method, and complete the paper. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sectoral social dialogue at EU level : Current issues and prospects Presenting author : Berndt Keller or

In spring 2010 the Commission will issue its most recent Communication on social dialogues focusing this time exclusively on sectoral social dialogues (SSD). We take this official declaration of political plans and outline of future procedural structuring as the opportunity to elaborate on more recent developments and perspectives with a focus on sectoral social dialogues. In other words, where are SSD headed? The aim of the paper is neither to present a complete historical overview nor to provide a detailed empirical analysis of the current state of play. The objective is to cope with fundamental difficulties of the present stage of development, especially obvious problems of implementation including procedures of follow-up and monitoring, and to deal with various relevant prospects. In any case implementation must not be neglected in the analysis because it constitutes an important and even necessary phase of the policy cycle as well as an integrated part of policy making in the multilevel EU polity.
A Skin for Thought: Interviews with Gilbert Tarrab on Psychology and Psychoanalysis

A French analyst discusses the interface between psychoanalysis and psychology. A Skin for Thought takes the form of ten transcribed discussions between Didier Anzieu and Gilbert Tarrab, recorded in Montreal during Anzieu's lecture tour there. A practitioner and theoretician of individual and group analysis, Anzieu speaks frankly of the origins and development of his vocation, the stages of his training, and the evolution of his research, and explains the principal ideas he has developed: group illusion; the psychic tasks of creativity, and 'the Skin Ego'. In answer to Gilbert Tarrab's probing questions, Didier Anzieu recalls the distinctive atmosphere of his childhood, a first analysis with Lacan, the events of May 1968 at Nanterre, his literary ambitions, and his enthusiasm for psychodrama. By turns, the discussion focuses on the concept of the body, the group and the institution, and, from a psychological viewpoint, reflects critically upon the fascination of idealizes and the struggle for power, the structure and dynamics if the social unconscious, the decline of the University, and the ecological significance of the psychoanalytic situation.
Echocardiographic Determinants of the Clinical Condition in Patients with a Systemic Right Ventricle

Background: Ventricular systolic and diastolic function, as measured by echocardiography, are diminished in patients with a systemic right ventricle (RV). As the clinical implications of these finding remained unknown, we aimed to identify echocardiographic parameters of systolic and diastolic ventricular function that are independent determinants of the clinical condition in these patients. Methods: Forty‐six adult patients (61% male; mean age 33 [range 18–69] years) with a systemic RV underwent echocardiography to assess qualitative and quantitative systolic and diastolic function of the systemic RV and the subpulmonary left ventricle (LV). Uni‐ and multivariate linear regression analyses were performed to identify independent echocardiographic determinants for NYHA class, maximal exercise capacity (V’O2peak) and NT‐proBNP levels. Results: We found qualitative assessment of RV and LV function to be significantly associated with NYHA class (RV: β= 0.26; P = 0.05 and LV: β= 0.82; P < 0.01), V’O2peak (RV: β=−10.4; P < 0.05 and LV: β=−18.4; P < 0.05) and NT‐proBNP levels (RV: β= 0.58; P < 0.01 and LV: β= 1.40; P < 0.001). Tricuspid annulus plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) was significantly associated with NYHA class (β=−0.92; P = 0.001), V’O2peak (β= 18.5; P = 0.05), and serum NT‐proBNP levels (β=−1.00; P < 0.05). Associations between quantitative parameters of systolic subpulmonary LV function and clinical parameters were less distinct. We found no associations between RV and LV diastolic function and clinical parameters. Conclusions: Qualitative function of the systemic RV and the subpulmonary LV, and TAPSE, are determinants of clinical condition in patients with a systemic RV. These patients’ clinical condition could not be determined by echocardiographically measured diastolic RV function, and systolic and diastolic LV function. (Echocardiography 2010;27:1247‐1255)
COMPLEX POPULATION DYNAMICS IN THE REAL WORLD: MODELING THE INFLUENCE OF TIME-VARYING PARAMETERS AND TIME LAGS

We propose a class of complex population dynamic models that combines new time-varying parameters and second-order time lags for describing univariate ecological time series data. The Kalman filter and likelihood function were used to estimate parameters of all models in the class for 31 data sets, and Schwarz’s information criterion (SIC) was used to select the best model for each data set. Using the SIC method, models containing density-dependent processes were selected for 23 of the 31 cases examined, while models containing complex density-dependent processes were selected in 19 of these 23 density dependence cases. The density-dependent models identified by SIC had various linear or nonlinear forms, suggesting variable patterns of population regulation in nature. Population dynamics may combine density-dependent, inversely density-dependent, and density-independent processes, which may operate at different times and under different density ranges. These results suggest that our approach offers an adv.
The Problem of Psilocybin Mushroom Abuse

1 We have reviewed the clinical features and management of 44 consecutive patients presenting to hospital over a 5 week period during an outbreak of ingestion of psilocybin containing mushrooms. 2 Patients presented to hospital usually because of dysphoric effects an average of 3.8 h after ingesting the mushrooms. 3 Mydriasis was present in 40 patients but fewer than half showed other sympathomimetic features - tachycardia, hypertension or hyperreflexia. 4 Twenty-three patients experienced nausea and vomiting. 5 Distortions of perception chiefly visual were frequent as were paraesthesiae and feelings of depersonalization. 6 The effects of the mushrooms were short-lived and had worn off within 12 h in all but one patient. 7 Inducing emesis did not appear to hasten recovery from the effects of the mushrooms.