Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Leveraging an Agile RF Transceiver for Rapid Prototyping of Small-Cell Systems

This paper describes a new software-defined radio (SDR) platform targeted for rapid prototyping of small-cell systems. The SDR hardware combines the signal processing power of Xilinx ML605 Virtex-6 FPGA board with the Nutaq Radio420X frequency-agile transceiver and reconfigurable antennas to form a highly versatile platform for spectrum sensing, spectrum access, and cooperative communications. We evaluate the platform with two example applications: an offline OFDM physical processing flow based on WARPLab, and a real-time online automatic gain control mechanism. The results show that our SDR platform can reliably handle both offline and online processing demands with the added benefit of frequency agility offered by a state-of-the-art radio transceiver.
Inferring relative numbers of human leucocyte genome

Summary Genome duplication inevitably results in replication errors. A priori, the more times a genome is copied, the greater the average number of replication errors. This principle could be used to ‘count’ mitotic divisions. Although somatic mutations are rare, cytosine methylation is also copied after DNA replication, but measurably increases with aging at certain CpG rich sequences in mitotic tissues, such as the colon. To further test whether such age-related methylation represents replication errors, these CpG rich ‘clock’ sequences were measured in leucocytes. Leucocytes within an individual have identical chronological ages (time since birth) but their mitotic ages (numbers of divisions since the zygote) may differ. Neutrophils, B-lymphocytes, and red cell progenitors are produced from relatively quiescent stem cells throughout life, but T-lymphocyte production largely ceases after puberty when the thymus disappears. However, T-lymphocyte genomes may continue to replicate throughout life in response to immunological stimulation. Consistent with this biology, clock methylation significantly increased with aging for T-lymphocyte genomes, but no significant increase was measured in other cell populations. Moreover, this methylation was greater in genomes isolated from their corresponding neoplastic populations. These studies tentatively support the hypothesis that methylation at certain CpG rich sequences in leucocytes could record their mitotic ages.
Optimal voltage allocation techniques for dynamically variable voltage processors

This paper presents important, new results of a study on the problem of task scheduling and voltage allocation in dynamically variable voltage processors, the purpose of which was minimization of processor energy consumption. The contributions are twofold: (1) For given multiple discrete supply voltages and tasks with arbitrary arrival-time/deadline constraints, we propose a voltage allocation technique that produces a feasible task schedule with optimal processor energy consumption. (2) We then extend the problem to include the case in which tasks have nonuniform loads (i.e.; switched) capacitances and solve it optimally. The proposed technique, called Alloc-vt, in (1) is based on the prior results in [Yao, Demers and Shenker. 1995. In Proceedings of IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science. 374--382] (which is optimal for dynamically continuously variable voltages, but not for discrete ones) and [Ishihara and Yasuura. 1998. In Proceedings of International Symposium on Low Power Electronics and Design. 197--202] (which is optimal for a single task, but not for multiple tasks), whereas the proposed technique, called Alloc-vtcap, in (2) is based on an efficient linear programming (LP) formulation. Both techniques solve the allocation problems optimally in polynomial time.
INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT IN KHARIF BLACKGRAM (Vigna mungo L.) UNDER MIDDLE GUJARAT CONDITIONS

at 40 DAS (T8), quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 0.1 kg/ha as PoE (T9), fenoxaprop-p-ethyl @ 0.05 kg/ha as PoE (T10), fenoxaprop-p-ethyl @ 0.05 kg/ha as PoE + HW at 40 DAS (T11) and fenoxaprop-pethyl @ 0.1 kg/ha as PoE (T12) were conducted in Randomized Block Design with four replications. Periodical weed counts at 30 and 60 DAS and at harvest indicated that the least number of monocot, dicot, sedges and total weeds were observed under the treatment of IC + HW at 20 and 40 DAS (T3) followed by HW twice at 20 and 40 DAS (T2), pendimethalin @ 0.5 kg/ha as PE + HW at 40 DAS (T5), quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 0.1 kg/ha as PoE (T9) and fenoxaprop-pethyl @ 0.1 kg/ha as PoE (T12), whereas, significantly the highest count of monocot, dicot and sedges weeds were observed under treatment weedy check (T1). The dry weight of weeds recorded at harvest were significantly lower in the treatment of pendimethalin @ 0.5 kg/ha as PE + HW at 40 DAS (T5) followed by pendimethalin @ 0.5 kg/ha as PE (T4), quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 0.05 kg/ha as PoE (T7), quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 0.05 kg/ha as PoE + HW at 40 DAS (T8) and fenoxaprop-p-ethyl @ 0.05 kg/ha as PoE + HW at 40 DAS (T11). Among cultural weed control treatments, significantly lower weed dry weight was noted under HW twice at 20 and 40 DAS (T2), followed by IC + HW at 20 and 40 DAS as compared to other treatments. Treatment pendimethalin @ 0.5 kg/ha as PE + HW at 40 DAS (T5), fenoxaprop-p-ethyl @ 0.05 kg/ha as PoE + HW at 40 DAS (T11), quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 0.05 kg/ha as PoE + HW at 40 DAS (T8) and quizalofop-p-ethyl @ 0.05
Resource allocation for heterogeneous cognitive radio networks

Cognitive radio (CR) network is currently an emerging technology for future wireless communications. In this paper, the problem of resource allocation for heterogeneous users in an underlay CR network is addressed. The objective is to maximize the weighted sum of the data rate for all the categories of secondary users within the network. The problem is first formulated as a non-linear optimization problem which is non-deterministic polynomial-time (NP) hard. The problem is then cleverly re-formulated as an integer linear programming problem and solved through branch-and-bound method. The impact of the weights on the different categories of users is also investigated. The results obtained show that through the approach developed by the authors, optimal resource allocation is achievable for heterogeneous CR networks.
A corpus-based evaluation method for Distributional Semantic Models

Evaluation methods for Distributional Semantic Models typically rely on behaviorally derived gold standards. These methods are difficult to deploy in languages with scarce linguistic/behavioral resources. We introduce a corpus-based measure that evaluates the stability of the lexical semantic similarity space using a pseudo-synonym same-different detection task and no external resources. We show that it enables to predict two behaviorbased measures across a range of parameters in a Latent Semantic Analysis model.
Lizards as model organisms for linking phylogeographic and speciation studies

Lizards have been model organisms for ecological and evolutionary studies from individual to community levels at multiple spatial and temporal scales. Here we highlight lizards as models for phylogeographic studies, review the published population genetics/phylogeography literature to summarize general patterns and trends and describe some studies that have contributed to conceptual advances. Our review includes 426 references and 452 case studies: this literature reflects a general trend of exponential growth associated with the theoretical and empirical expansions of the discipline. We describe recent lizard studies that have contributed to advances in understanding of several aspects of phylogeography, emphasize some linkages between phylogeography and speciation and suggest ways to expand phylogeographic studies to test alternative pattern‐based modes of speciation. Allopatric speciation patterns can be tested by phylogeographic approaches if these are designed to discriminate among four alternatives based on the role of selection in driving divergence between populations, including: (i) passive divergence by genetic drift; (ii) adaptive divergence by natural selection (niche conservatism or ecological speciation); and (iii) socially‐mediated speciation. Here we propose an expanded approach to compare patterns of variation in phylogeographic data sets that, when coupled with morphological and environmental data, can be used to to discriminate among these alternative speciation patterns.
Asymptotic behaviour of solutions to the stationary Navier–Stokes equations in two-dimensional exterior domains with zero velocity at infinity

We investigate analytically and numerically the existence of stationary solutions converging to zero at infinity for the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations in a two-dimensional exterior domain. Physically, this corresponds for example to fixing a propeller by an external force at some point in a two-dimensional fluid filling the plane and to ask if the solution becomes steady with the velocity at infinity equal to zero. To answer this question, we find the asymptotic behaviour for such steady solutions in the case where the net force on the propeller is nonzero. In contrast to the three-dimensional case, where the asymptotic behaviour of the solution to this problem is given by a scale invariant solution, the asymptote in the two-dimensional case is not scale invariant and has a wake. We provide an asymptotic expansion for the velocity field at infinity, which shows that, within a wake of width |x|2/3, the velocity decays like |x|-1/3, whereas outside the wake, it decays like |x|-2/3. We check numerically that this behaviour is accurate at least up to second order and demonstrate how to use this information to significantly improve the numerical simulations. Finally, in order to check the compatibility of the present results with rigorous results for the case of zero net force, we consider a family of boundary conditions on the body which interpolate between the nonzero and the zero net force case.
Five New Transits of the Super-Neptune HD 149026b

We present new photometry of HD 149026 spanning five transits of its “super-Neptune” planet. In combination with previous data, we improve on the determination of the planet-to-star radius ratio: Rp/R⋆ = 0.0491+ 0.0018−0.0005. We find the planetary radius to be 0.71 ± 0.05 RJup, in accordance with previous theoretical models invoking a high metal abundance for the planet. The limiting error is the uncertainty in the stellar radius. Although we find agreement among four different ways of estimating the stellar radius, the uncertainty remains at 7%. We also present a refined transit ephemeris and a constraint on the orbital eccentricity and argument of pericenter, ecos ω = − 0.0014 ± 0.0012, based on the measured interval between primary and secondary transits.
A Universal Model for Spike-Frequency Adaptation

Spike-frequency adaptation is a prominent feature of neural dynamics. Among other mechanisms, various ionic currents modulating spike generation cause this type of neural adaptation. Prominent examples are voltage-gated potassium currents (M-type currents), the interplay of calcium currents and intracellular calcium dynamics with calcium-gated potassium channels (AHP-type currents), and the slow recovery from inactivation of the fast sodium current. While recent modeling studies have focused on the effects of specific adaptation currents, we derive a universal model for the firing-frequency dynamics of an adapting neuron that is independent of the specific adaptation process and spike generator. The model is completely defined by the neuron's onset f-I curve, the steady-state f-I curve, and the time constant of adaptation. For a specific neuron, these parameters can be easily determined from electrophysiological measurements without any pharmacological manipulations. At the same time, the simplicity of the model allows one to analyze mathematically how adaptation influences signal processing on the single-neuron level. In particular, we elucidate the specific nature of high-pass filter properties caused by spike-frequency adaptation. The model is limited to firing frequencies higher than the reciprocal adaptation time constant and to moderate fluctuations of the adaptation and the input current. As an extension of the model, we introduce a framework for combining an arbitrary spike generator with a generalized adaptation current.
Trends in the Development of Machinery and Associated Technology ” TMT 2010 , Mediterranean Cruise , 11-18 September 2010 COMPARATION OF SOME VIBRATION BASED DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION METHODS IN BEAMS

The paper presents the results of four damage identification methods in beams. The first technique was developed by the author in [1] and presented in [2]. The comparison was conducted on the base of the available results presented in [3,4,5]. The identification of damage location and its depth in the first technique relays on previously established numerical model and regression relations between changes in natural frequencies and damage parameters. The other methods take into account changes in modal energy and stiffness variation with damage characteristics. Although the use of regression analysis makes the first method approximate, the results are quite satisfactory and at least as good as the results obtained by the other compared methods.
The Role of Cognitive Control and Emotions in Decision-making: a Neuroeconomics Perspective "

One of the problems with treating cognitive control in economic decision-making is that there is a resilient idea that control makes behavior rational and that emotions make it irrational. The relatively dualistic or unitary nature of decision processes is critically compared from a neuroeconomics perspective in different well known behavioral settings, such as loss aversion, temporal discounting, ambiguity aversion, framing effects and strategic interactions. We claim that neither dualistic models – that stress the relative independence of sub-systems that can independently generate a decision nor unitary models, capture some important aspects of how the brain processes decisions. Our interpretation of the neural data will be in line with a “weak” dual model approach. Such a model constitutes, arguably, an example of how decision theory might go beyond descriptive adequacy thanks to the balanced use of traditional modeling approaches and neuroscientific ones.
Discovering local structure in gene expression data: the order-preserving submatrix problem

This paper concerns the discovery of patterns in gene expression matrices, in which each element gives the expression level of a given gene in a given experiment. Most existing methods for pattern discovery in such matrices are based on clustering genes by comparing their expression levels in all experiments, or clustering experiments by comparing their expression levels for all genes. Our work goes beyond such global approaches by looking for local patterns that manifest themselves when we focus simultaneously on a subset G of the genes and a subset T of the experiments. Specifically, we look for order-preserving submatrices (OPSMs), in which the expression levels of all genes induce the same linear ordering of the experiments (we show that the OPSM search problem is NP-hard in the worst case). Such a pattern might arise, for example, if the experiments in T represent distinct stages in the progress of a disease or in a cellular process, and the expression levels of all genes in G vary across the stages in the same way.We define a probabilistic model in which an OPSM is hidden within an otherwise random matrix. Guided by this model we develop an efficient algorithm for finding the hidden OPSM in the random matrix. In data generated according to the model the algorithm recovers the hidden OPSM with very high success rate. Application of the methods to breast cancer data seems to reveal significant local patterns.Our algorithm can be used to discover more than one OPSM within the same data set, even when these OPSMs overlap. It can also be adapted to handle relaxations and extensions of the OPSM condition. For example, we may allow the different rows of G x T to induce similar but not identical orderings of the columns, or we may allow the set T to include more than one representative of each stage of a biological process.
Physicochemical and bacteriological parameters of surface water quality in part of Oban Massif, Nigeria

The present study presents preliminary investigation on the physico-chemical and bacteriological parameters of surface water samples collected, during the wet and dry seasons, from streams in Orem and environs, a typical Basement terrain in southeastern Nigeria. The intension was to evaluate the suitability of the water for domestic and agricultural uses. Results generally indicate normal water temperature, especially for the tropic; pH reflecting slightly acidic conditions; low EC and water hardness which respectively qualifies the water as excellent and soft; turbidity values that points to the water as a possible sources of water-borne diseases; DO values that are reasonable, to support good fish production, throughout the year; low levels of nutrients and heavy metals that pose no detrimental effect for the aquatic ecosystem; and low Salinity and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) that reflects water of low mineralization. The major dissolved cations points to a possible geogenic source for the major ions, while the anion levels supports agricultural and anthropogenic pollutions. Values recorded during the dry season were frequently higher than those recorded during the wet season, possibly reflecting dilution and evaporation effects during the wet and dry seasons, respectively. With minor exceptions, the levels of almost all the tested parameters were within the respective permissible limits of the Nigerian standards for drinking water quality (NSDWQ). Among the exceptions in this regards, is the unacceptable and alarmingly high volume of bacteriological inputs recorded for the waters. Clearly, this renders the water unfit for consumption and various other usage, in its present form.
Anti-human immunodeficiency virus type 1 activity of hydroxyurea in combination with 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides.

The effects of hydroxyurea (HU), an inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase, on the replication of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells were studied. The inhibition of HIV-1 replication by HU alone was dose dependent, with a 90% inhibitory concentration of 0.4 mM, a plasma concentration tolerated by patients with oncological diseases. HU at lower concentrations (< 0.1 mM) was found to potentiate the antiviral activity of 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (ddl), 3'-azido-2',3'- dideoxythymidine, and 2',3'-dideoxycytidine against HIV-1, with the potentiation being ddl greater than 3'-azido-2',3'- dideoxythymidine = 2',3'-dideoxycytidine. In the presence of 0.1 mM HU, the 90% inhibitory concentration of ddl was reduced by 6-fold in activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells. The potentiating effect of HU on ddl action was time dependent, with the greatest inhibition of HIV-1 growth being seen when HU was present during and after virus adsorption, i.e., apparently coinciding with the time of proviral DNA synthesis. A brief incubation of activated cells with HU and ddl at low concentrations before virus exposure reduced p24 production by > 50%. Analyses using high performance liquid chromatography and enzymatic assays suggested that the greater degree of potentiation by HU of the action of ddl, compared with the other dideoxynucleosides, is due to the more effective inhibition by HU of dATP synthesis, compared with the synthesis of the other deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dGTP, dTTP, and dCTP). The present study suggests that, for appropriate agents, pharmacological reduction of deoxynucleoside triphosphate levels represents a potential therapeutic approach for inhibition of HIV-1 replication.
Quotient groups of the fundamental groups of certain strata of the moduli space of quadratic differentials

In this paper, we study fundamental groups of strata of the moduli space of quadratic differentials. We use certain properties of the Abel‐Jacobi map, combined with local surgeries on quadratic differentials, to construct quotient groups of the fundamental groups for a particular family of strata. 30F30; 14D20 Little is currently known about the fundamental groups of strata of the moduli spaces of either abelian or quadratic differentials. In this paper we construct a quotient group of the fundamental group for a certain family of strata of quadratic differentials. We do so by mapping a stratum into a larger configuration space of points on surfaces and showing that the image of the fundamental group of the stratum under this map is in the kernel of a version of the Abel‐Jacobi map. We then construct a set of generators for the kernel of the Abel‐Jacobi map and show that in some cases the image of the fundamental group of the stratum in the fundamental group of the configuration space is equal to this kernel. More specifically, let Qg be the space of quadratic differentials over Teichm¨ uller
Automated Adaptive Brightness in Wireless Capsule Endoscopy Using Image Segmentation and Sigmoid Function

Wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) plays an important role in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal (GI) diseases by capturing images of human small intestine. Accurate diagnosis of endoscopic images depends heavily on the quality of captured images. Along with image and frame rate, brightness of the image is an important parameter that influences the image quality which leads to the design of an efficient illumination system. Such design involves the choice and placement of proper light source and its ability to illuminate GI surface with proper brightness. Light emitting diodes (LEDs) are normally used as sources where modulated pulses are used to control LED's brightness. In practice, instances like under- and over-illumination are very common in WCE, where the former provides dark images and the later provides bright images with high power consumption. In this paper, we propose a low-power and efficient illumination system that is based on an automated brightness algorithm. The scheme is adaptive in nature, i.e., the brightness level is controlled automatically in real-time while the images are being captured. The captured images are segmented into four equal regions and the brightness level of each region is calculated. Then an adaptive sigmoid function is used to find the optimized brightness level and accordingly a new value of duty cycle of the modulated pulse is generated to capture future images. The algorithm is fully implemented in a capsule prototype and tested with endoscopic images. Commercial capsules like Pillcam and Mirocam were also used in the experiment. The results show that the proposed algorithm works well in controlling the brightness level accordingly to the environmental condition, and as a result, good quality images are captured with an average of 40% brightness level that saves power consumption of the capsule.