Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Development and Gendered Mobilities: Narratives from the Women of Mardin, Turkey

Abstract This paper addresses gendered mobilities in Mardin in the context of the implications of transport investments for the female labour market. I seek to illustrate that the relationship between infrastructure provision and gendered mobilities is entangled in a wider context which encompasses politics and cultural geographies. Drawing on theories of mobilities, I argue that a lack of understanding of the complementary and contradictory impacts of local context and physical infrastructure investments may undermine social and cultural conditions within communities, resulting in misguided development policies.
Disordered Eating in Female Alcohol-Dependent Inpatients: Prevalence and Associated Psychopathology

Abstract This study's aims were twofold: to examine the prevalence rate of eating disorders in women hospitalized for substance abuse treatment and to analyze differences in psychopathology of three patient groups: 25 alcohol-dependent women without comorbid eating disorders, 15 alcohol-dependent women with partial syndromes of eating disorders, and 41 eating-disordered women without comorbid psychoactive substance use disorders. A higher prevalence rate of eating disorder synptomatology (38%) was detected among inpatient alcohol-dependent women than is found in studies examining community samples. Subjects diagnosed with comorbid eating disorder symptoms and alcohol dependence scored signijicantly higher than those with alcohol dependence alone on scales measuring borderline personality disorder. Subjects with comorbidity also scored significantly higher on bonlerline, antisocial, and bbolar scales than those with single diagnoses of eating disorders. Results indicate that, for better assessment and trea.
Wise Emotion Regulation and the Power of Resilience in Experienced Hospitality Leaders

Abstract The purpose of this study is to examine how experienced general managers regulate their emotions in response to demanding leadership duties. This study has a qualitative research design and was informed by nine experienced hotel general managers, through semi-structured interviews. A three-step content analysis was performed using NVivo. Five themes emerged from the analysis: (1) positive emotions and a mindset of positivity as an antecedent to emotion regulation, (2) modifying or changing mindsets through reappraisal and deep acting, (3) putting the mask on: faking and hiding by using surface acting and suppression, (4) displaying naturally felt emotions, and (5) deep acting as a consequence of social awareness. The study suggests that wise emotion regulation implies applying a wide range of emotion regulation strategies, depending on the situation at hand. As the interviews reflect a Scandinavian perspective, further research is required to replicate this exploratory study internationally, employing both quantitative and qualitative research methods in order to triangulate the findings. Comparative studies with non-Scandinavian countries are therefore of importance. This study provides knowledge about how experienced general managers have developed resilience through extensive experience and wise emotion regulation. Results may be useful for improving hospitality management education and should be used to prepare hospitality students for handling their future jobs. To our knowledge, this is the first study of hospitality managers' emotion regulation strategies.
Crawling in and out of sleep

The goal of the study was to examine the link between motor attainments and sleep–wake regulation by comparing the sleep characteristics of infants who are crawling with the sleep of same-age infants who have not yet acquired the locomotion milestone. The participants were 59 healthy 8-month-old infants with no developmental delays, who were recruited through well-baby clinics and childcare centers. The measurements included objective sleep recordings (actigraphy), sleep questionnaire, and motor milestones checklist. The main finding was that the sleep of crawlers was more fragmented in comparison to the sleep of pre-crawlers. While the findings of this report give support to the hypothesized link between sleep regulation and motor development, more studies are needed to clarify why crawling might provide a marker of nightwaking. In discussing the results, it is proposed that the association between fragmented sleep and crawling could be related to maturational, constitutional, and relational factors. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of calming music on the level of agitation in cognitively impaired nursing home residents

This study examines the use of music as a strategy to decrease agitated behavior in cognitively impaired nursing home residents. Twenty agitated subjects, 68 to 84 years of age, were exposed to 15 minutes of calming music on two occasions. Agitated behavior scores were recorded before, during and after the musical intervention using the Agitated Behavior Scale. Results indicate that a statistically significant reduction in agitated behavior occurs both during (p. <0]) and after the musical intervention (p. <05). Calming music was shown to be an effective, nonpharmacologic strategy which nurses and other caregivers may use to reduce agitated behavior in the nursing home.
Discovery of Kilohertz Quasi-periodic Oscillations in the Z source GX 340+0

We have discovered two simultaneous kHz quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) in the Z source GX 340+0 with the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer. The X-ray hardness-intensity and color-color diagrams each show a full Z track, with an extra limb branching off the flaring branch of the Z. Both peaks moved to higher frequencies when the mass accretion rate increased. The two peaks moved from 247±6 and 567±39 Hz at the left end of the horizontal branch to 625±18 and 820±19 Hz at its right end. The higher frequency peak's rms amplitude (5-60 keV) and FWHM decreased from ~5% and 383±135 Hz to ~2% and 145±62 Hz, respectively. The rms amplitude and FWHM of the lower peak were consistent with being constant near 2.5% and 100 Hz. The kHz QPO separation was consistent with being constant at 325±10 Hz. Simultaneous with the kHz QPOs, we detected the horizontal-branch oscillation (HBO) and its second harmonic, at frequencies between 20 and 50 Hz, and 38 and 69 Hz, respectively. The normal-branch oscillations were only detected on the upper and middle normal branch and became undetectable on the lower normal branch. The HBO frequencies do not fall within the range predicted for Lense-Thirring precession, unless either the ratio of the neutron star moment of inertia to neutron star mass is at least 4, 1045g cm2 M, the frequencies of the HBOs are in fact the second harmonic oscillations, or the observed kHz peak difference is half the spin frequency and not the spin frequency. During a 1.2 day gap between two observations, the Z track in the hardness-intensity diagram moved to higher count rates by about 3.5%. Comparing data before and after this shift, we find that the HBO properties are determined by position on the Z track and not directly by count rate or X-ray colors.
Social skills and social and nonsocial cognitive functioning in schizophrenia

Background: Persons with schizophrenia show deficits across a broad range of social domains, and their social skill deficits are thought, to some extent, to be caused by cognitive dysfunction. We conducted a review and concluded that both nonsocial and social cognition were strongly related to social skills in schizophrenia. However the relationship between social and nonsocial cognition and the pathways to social skills remain unclear. Aims: In this study, we attempted to investigate how nonsocial and social cognitive functioning and psychiatric symptoms determine social skills in persons with schizophrenia. Method: Sixty-four subjects who met the ICD-10 criteria for schizophrenia were evaluated with a semi-structured role-play test, BPRS, and a psychological test battery for attention, verbal fluency, and executive functioning. Results: The ability to recognize the goal of the situation was partly determined by attention and social cognition independently. The processing of problem-solving and planning alternative behaviors was partly determined by the ability to recognize the goal, disorganization symptoms, and verbal fluency. The ability to send one's intention and emotion to others effectively was partly determined by processing skill, negative and disorganization symptoms, executive functioning, and verbal fluency. Conclusions: The structural equations model results revealed that the proposed model fitted the sample data well. The model proposed demonstrated that the cognitive chain constructs mediated the relationship between social input and behavioral output, and both social and nonsocial cognitive functioning directly influenced some step of the cognitive chain constructs.
[The OPD structure questionnaire captures the general features of personality disorder].

INTRODUCTION The alternative DSM-5 model of personality disorder (PD) links general criteria and severity of PD to impairments in self and interpersonal functioning. This approach is very similar to the Level of Structural Impairment Axis of the Operationalized Psychodynamic Diagnosis (OPD-2). In this study we investigate the relationship of these 2 approaches based on 2 new self-report questionnaires. METHODS 228 psychotherapeutic inpatients filled out the OPD Structure Questionnaire (OPD-SQ), the General Assessment of Personality Disorder (GAPD), and the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-D). RESULTS The correlation between the latent general factors of OPD-SQ and GAPD was 0,91. After controlling for depressive symptoms the correlation was 0,86. DISCUSSION The general factors of the OPD-SQ and the GAPD are almost identical. CONCLUSION The OPD-SQ captures the general features of PD in terms of self-reported impairments in self and interpersonal functioning.
Pinpointing delay and forwarding anomalies using large-scale traceroute measurements

Understanding data plane health is essential to improving Internet reliability and usability. For instance, detecting disruptions in distant networks can identify repairable connectivity problems. Currently this task is difficult and time consuming as operators have poor visibility beyond their network's border. In this paper we leverage the diversity of RIPE Atlas traceroute measurements to solve the classic problem of monitoring in-network delays and get credible delay change estimations to monitor network conditions in the wild. We demonstrate a set of complementary methods to detect network disruptions and report them in near real time. The first method detects delay changes for intermediate links in traceroutes. Second, a packet forwarding model predicts traffic paths and identifies faulty routers and links in cases of packet loss. In addition, we define an alarm score that aggregates changes into a single value per AS in order to easily monitor its sanity, reducing the effect of uninteresting alarms. Using only existing public data we monitor hundreds of thousands of link delays while adding no burden to the network. We present three cases demonstrating that the proposed methods detect real disruptions and provide valuable insights, as well as surprising findings, on the location and impact of the identified events.
Transcriptome sequencing of black grouse (Tetrao tetrix) for immune gene discovery and microsatellite development

The black grouse (Tetrao tetrix) is a galliform bird species that is important for both ecological studies and conservation genetics. Here, we report the sequencing of the spleen transcriptome of black grouse using 454 GS FLX Titanium sequencing. We performed a large-scale gene discovery analysis with a focus on genes that might be related to fitness in this species and also identified a large set of microsatellites. In total, we obtained 182 179 quality-filtered sequencing reads that we assembled into 9035 contigs. Using these contigs and 15 794 length-filtered (greater than 200 bp) singletons, we identified 7762 transcripts that appear to be homologues of chicken genes. A specific BLAST search with an emphasis on immune genes found 308 homologous chicken genes that have immune function, including ten major histocompatibility complex-related genes located on chicken chromosome 16. We also identified 1300 expressed sequence tag microsatellites and were able to design suitable flanking primers for 526 of these. A preliminary test of the polymorphism of the microsatellites found 10 polymorphic microsatellites of the 102 tested. Genomic resources generated in this study should greatly benefit future ecological, evolutionary and conservation genetic studies on this species.
Risk Factors for Different Dimensions of Adolescent Drug Use

ABSTRACT The purpose of this investigation is to analyse which risk factors in the family, school and peer domains have an effect on the use of different types of drugs (alcohol, tobacco and narcotics) and on frequencies of drug use. Another question to be addressed is whether the number of risk factors present also has an effect on the different dimensions of drug use. A total of 467 students aged 14–15 (234 boys and 233 girls) were included in the study and a series of multivariate logistic regressions were estimated. The results show that the effects of family disruption, conflict in the family, parental monitoring, academic performance, time spent with friends and peer deviance differ significantly across the various dimensions of drug use studied. Parental monitoring, time spent with friends and peer deviance showed themselves to be the most important risk factors across these various dimensions. The number of risk factors present was also found to have an effect on drug use.
Semantic priming in Alzheimer's dementia

Abstract Whilst there exists general consensus in the literature that persons with dementia of the Alzheimer's type (DAT) evidence a semantic deficit, investigations to reveal the precise nature of the deficit (i.e. whether it reflects a procedural or storage deficit) have yielded equivocal results. An experimental technique used widely in the investigation of semantic processing in DAT is the semantic priming task. It has been argued that if patients with DAT are shown to perform normally on a task of automatic semantic priming, then this would argue for the structural integrity of the store of semantic memories. To date, however, the studies investigating semantic priming in DAT have described a variety of performance features with some reporting intact priming, some no priming and some exaggerated or hyperpriming. This paper reviews in detail the specific methodologies employed by the researchers investigating semantic priming in DAT in light of current theories of semantic priming. The review will out.
Parallel Image Component Labeling With Watershed Transformation

The parallel watershed transformation used in gray scale image segmentation is reconsidered on the basis of the component labeling problem. The main idea is to break the sequentiality of the watershed transformation and to correctly delimit the extent of all connected components locally, on each processor, simultaneously. The internal fragmentation of the catchment basins, due to domain decomposition, into smaller subcomponents is finally solved by employing a global connected components operator. Therefore, in a pyramidal structure of master-slave processors, internal contours of adjacent subcomponents within the same component are hierarchically removed. Global final connected areas are efficiently obtained in log/sub 2/ N steps on a logical grid of N processors. Timings and segmentation results of the algorithm built on top of the message passing interface and tested on the Gray T3D are brought forward to justify the superiority of the novel design solution compared against previous implementations.
The Identification of Consonants and Vowels by Cochlear Implant Patients Using a 6‐Channel Continuous Interleaved Sampling Processor and by Normal‐Hearing Subjects Using Simulations of Processors with Two to Nine Channels

Objective: To compare the vowel and consonant identification ability of cochlear implant patients using a 6‐channel continuous interleaved sampling (CIS) processor and of normal‐hearing subjects using simulations of processors with two to nine channels. Design: Subjects, 10 normal‐hearing listeners and seven cochlear implant patients, were presented synthetic vowels in /bVt/ context, natural vowels produced by men, women, and girls in /hVd/ context, and consonants in /aCa/ context for identification. Stimuli for the normal‐hearing subjects were pre‐processed through simulations of implant processors with two to nine channels and were output as the sum of sinusoids at the center frequencies of the analysis filters. Results: Five implant patients' scores fell within the range of normal performance with a 6‐channel processor when the patients were tested with synthetic vowels. Four patients' scores fell within the range of normal with a 6‐channel processor when the patients were tested with multitalker vowels. Five patients' scores fell within the range of normal for a 6‐channel processor for the consonant feature "place of articulation. " Conclusion: Signal processing technology for cochlear implants has matured sufficiently to allow some patients who use CIS processors and a small number of monopolar electrodes to achieve scores on tests of speech identification that are within the range of scores established by normal‐hearing subjects listening to speech processed through a small number of channels.
Concise Report

Acro-osteolysis in systemic sclerosis is associated with digital ischaemia and severe calcinosis Abstract Objectives. Acro-osteolysis (bony resorption of the terminal digital tufts) is a well-recognized, but under-researched, manifestation of SSc. Our aim was to investigate the hypothesis that acro-osteolysis is associated with (i) the severity of digital ischaemia and (ii) the presence of calcinosis. Methods. This was a retrospective study of 101 patients with SSc in whom hand radiographs taken between 2001 and May 2008 were available for review. These radiographs were graded for severity of acro-osteolysis on a 04-point scale for each finger (0 = normal bone structure, 4 = severe pencilling of the terminal phalanges). From these scores, patients were subdivided into the following two groups: normal/ minimal acro-osteolysis and moderate/severe acro-osteolysis. The presence or absence of calcinosis (mild, moderate or severe) was also documented. Results. Of the 101 patients, 68 were grouped as normal/minimal acro-osteolysis and 33 as moderate/ severe acro-osteolysis. Forty-five had severe digital ischaemia: 25 (76%) of the patients with moderate/ severe acro-osteolysis compared with 20 (29%) of those with normal/minimal acro-osteolysis (multifac-torial analysis: P < 0.001). Patients with moderate/severe acro-osteolysis were more likely to have severe calcinosis (33% vs 13%), but this was not statistically significant after adjustment for potential confounders. Conclusion. Acro-osteolysis was strongly associated with severe digital ischaemia. The potential association with severe calcinosis merits further study. Prospective studies are required to investigate acro-osteolysis as a marker of digital vascular disease progression and of treatment response.
Near peer teaching in medical curricula: integrating student teachers in pathology tutorials

Introduction Due to increased cognitive and social congruence with their tutees, near peer teachers (NPTs) may be capable of more effectively delivering course material. This study examines NPTs as pathology tutors alongside more traditional teachers (e.g., consultants and registrars) to explore their acceptability, effectiveness, and years of ‘distance’ between tutors and tutees. Method In total, 240 first- and second-year undergraduate medical students were taught set material in a pathology tutorial setting by NPTs (fourth-year medical students), registrars, or consultants. Learners were then asked to provide feedback using a 15-item, Likert-type scale. Results On 11 of the 15 items, there were no significant differences in students’ median ratings. However, NPTs were perceived to be significantly more approachable than consultants, more aware of learning outcomes, more receptive to student input, and more invested in exam success. Compared with second-year students, first-year students showed a preference towards registrar tutors in terms of perceived gain of knowledge and use of time. In contrast, second-year students showed a preference towards NPTs, who provided more perceived knowledge gain and investment in exam success. No significant differences were found regarding consultant tutors. Discussion Perhaps due to increased congruence with tutees, NPTs show promise as tutors within medical curricula. This provides advantages not only to tutees, but also to tutors – who may gain vital teaching experience and offer an effective supplement to ‘traditional’ faculty educators.
“Dime con Quien Andas”: Notions of Chicano and Mexican American Families

Social workers, whether family practitioners or not, have historically begun their examination or analysis of what constitutes family with normative understandings. To more comprehensively intervene with families, social work practitioners need to begin with a broad understanding of family. Given U.S. ethnic demographic shifts, and changes in economic trends, social workers will have to entertain a myriad of family form in their assessments, as they necessarily interact with a multiplicity of situations that require alternative models for understanding family.
Surfactant-enhanced bioremediation of DDTs and PAHs in contaminated farmland soil

ABSTRACT Field-scale bioremediation of dichlorodiphenyl trichloroethanes (DDTs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) contaminated farmland soil from the Shenyang North New Area of China was studied using the bacteria Arthrobacter globiformis. The additive effects of different concentrations of biosurfactant rhamnolipids (RLs) and anionic–nonionic mixed surfactant (SDBS–Tween 80) were evaluated. DDT and PAH removal rates by A. globiformis after 150 days of remediation were 52.1% and 21.9%, respectively. At the optimum RL concentration of 5 mg kg−1, DDTs and PAHs had removal rates of 64.3% and 35.6%, respectively, at 150 days. This was 60.7% and 29.3% higher than the control; 36.9% and 19.8% higher than soil with RL-5 alone; and 12.2% and 13.8% higher than the A. globiformis treatment alone. RL-5 can enhance soil enzyme activity and A. globiformis reproduction during the DDT and PAH biodegradation processes. This study illustrates a highly efficient, low-cost in situ soil bioremediation technology that could have practical utility.