Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep neural network for person re-identification in a non-overlapping camera network

Person re-identification is important and challenging parts in a non-overlapping camera network. In this paper, we propose the person re-identification framework which consists of kernel size into convolutional layers considering the person ratio and relationship matrix that train the relationship information related to neighborhoods. Our framework deals with global feature extracted from the whole body. The features generated by suitable kernel size are different to the local featured making by separated body images. The approaches of local feature extracted from divided bodies tend to lose salient information because of cutting the characteristic of products. The extracted features are used as elements to learn a relationship matrix which plays a role in distinction function. Our proposed framework outperforms state-of-the-art methods on challenging datasets.
Impact of Resolution and Optimized ECCO Forcing on Simulations of the Tropical Pacific

Abstract The sensitivity of the dynamics of a tropical Pacific Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) general circulation model (MITgcm) to the surface forcing fields and to the horizontal resolution is analyzed. During runs covering the period 1992–2002, two different sets of surface forcing boundary conditions are used, obtained 1) from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis project and 2) from the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO) assimilation consortium. The “ECCO forcing” is the “NCEP forcing” adjusted by a state estimation procedure using the MITgcm with a 1° × 1° global grid and the adjoint method assimilating a multivariate global ocean dataset. The skill of the model is evaluated against ocean observations available in situ and from satellites. The model domain is limited to the tropical Pacific, with open boundaries located along 26°S, 26°N, and in the Indonesian throughflow. To account for l.
A Social Capital Perspective of Participant Contribution in Open Source Communities: The Case of Linux

Drawing upon a perspective of social capital, we investigate the extent to which several key dimensions of social capital accumulated during the growing stage of thread evolution influence both the quantitative and qualitative aspects of participant contribution in open source software development communities. To validate our hypotheses, we collected data from 223 Linux kernel threads, in which intensive intellectual and social interactions occur among the participants. The results suggest that the structural dimension of network capital (network centralization) is significantly associated with contribution quality, but not with contribution quantity. In contrast, the relational (network strength) and the dynamic (network growing speed) dimensions of network capital are significantly associated with contribution quantity, but not with contribution quality. The governance dimension (administrator participation) of network capital was found to be negatively significant on both the quality and quantity of contribution. Finally, no significant relationship was found between contribution quantity and contribution quality.
Bulk-driven feed-forward compensated sub-threshold low-voltage OTA to drive high capacitive load

This paper presents a three-stage low-voltage bulk-driven sub-threshold class AB current mirror load operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) which utilizes FVF based input core and feed-forward compensation techniques for its low-voltage operation to drive high capacitive load. This three-stage OTA provides a gain of 94.4 dB, gain bandwidth (GBW) of 14.2 kHz and phase margin (PM) of 64 degree with load capacitor (Cl) and two small compensation capacitors (Cc1 and Cc2) of 100 pF, 2 pF and 0.02 pF, respectively. This OTA has ensured the total harmonic distortion (THD) of −49 dB for 0.5 Vpp input signal of 200 Hz frequency, while driving 100 pF load in its unity gain configuration. Biased with a single supply of 0.5 V it has consumed quiescent power of 104 nW. It offered high common mode rejection ratio (cMRR) and power supply rejection ratio (PSRR) of 138 dB and 81 dB, respectively at 1 Hz. Simulations results are performed using standard n-tub 180 nm CMOS process with UMc technology file in cadence spectre environment.
Disease Resistance in Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar): Coinfection of the Intracellular Bacterial Pathogen Piscirickettsia salmonis and the Sea Louse Caligus rogercresseyi

Background Naturally occurring coinfections of pathogens have been reported in salmonids, but their consequences on disease resistance are unclear. We hypothesized that 1) coinfection of Caligus rogercresseyi reduces the resistance of Atlantic salmon to Piscirickettsia salmonis; and 2) coinfection resistance is a heritable trait that does not correlate with resistance to a single infection. Methodology In total, 1,634 pedigreed Atlantic salmon were exposed to a single infection (SI) of P. salmonis (primary pathogen) or coinfection with C. rogercresseyi (secondary pathogen). Low and high level of coinfection were evaluated (LC = 44 copepodites per fish; HC = 88 copepodites per fish). Survival and quantitative genetic analyses were performed to determine the resistance to the single infection and coinfections. Main Findings C. rogercresseyi significantly increased the mortality in fish infected with P. salmonis (SI mortality = 251/545; LC mortality = 544/544 and HC mortality = 545/545). Heritability estimates for resistance to P. salmonis were similar and of medium magnitude in all treatments (h 2 SI = 0.23±0.07; h 2 LC = 0.17±0.08; h 2 HC = 0.24±0.07). A large and significant genetic correlation with regard to resistance was observed between coinfection treatments (rg LC-HC = 0.99±0.01) but not between the single and coinfection treatments (rg SI-LC = −0.14±0.33; rg SI-HC = 0.32±0.34). Conclusions/Significance C. rogercresseyi, as a secondary pathogen, reduces the resistance of Atlantic salmon to the pathogen P. salmonis. Resistance to coinfection of Piscirickettsia salmonis and Caligus rogercresseyi in Atlantic salmon is a heritable trait. The absence of a genetic correlation between resistance to a single infection and resistance to coinfection indicates that different genes control these processes. Coinfection of different pathogens and resistance to coinfection needs to be considered in future research on salmon farming, selective breeding and conservation.
Telomere length and telomerase levels delineate subgroups of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia with different biological characteristics and clinical outcomes

Background B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia is a clinically heterogeneous disease; some patients rapidly progress and die within a few years of diagnosis, whereas others have a long life expectancy with minimal or no treatment. Telomere length and telomerase levels have been proposed as prognostic factors; however, very few cases have been characterized for both parameters and no study has analyzed the prognostic value of the telomere/telomerase profile. Design and Methods One hundred and seventy-three cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia were characterized for telomere lengths and telomerase levels by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Data were correlated with established prognostic markers, IGVH mutational status and chromosomal aberrations, and clinical outcome. Results Telomere lengths were inversely correlated with telomerase levels (rs= −0.213; P=0.012), and most of the cases of chronic lymphocytic leukemia with high levels (above median) of telomerase had short (below median) telomeres (P=0.0001). Telomerase levels were higher and telomeres were shorter in unmutated IGVH cases than in mutated IGVH ones (P<0.0001). Chronic lymphocytic leukemias with 11q, 17p deletion or 12 trisomy had significantly higher levels of telomerase and shorter telomeres than those with no chromosomal aberration or the sole 13q deletion (P<0.001). Telomere length/telomerase level profiles identified subgroups of patients with different clinical outcomes (P<0.0001), even within the subsets of chronic lymphocytic leukemia defined by IGVH mutational status or chromosomal aberrations. Short telomere/high telomerase profile was independently associated with more rapid disease progression. Conclusions Comprehensive analyses of telomeres, telomerase, chromosomal aberrations, and IGVH mutational status delineate groups of chronic lymphocytic leukemias with distinct biological characteristics and clinical outcomes. The telomere/telomerase profile may be particularly useful in refining the prognosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients with mutated IGVH and no high-risk chromosomal aberrations.
Complete modules and torsion modules

Suppose that R is a ring and that A is a chain complex over R. Inside the derived category of differential graded A-modules there are naturally defined subcategories of A-torsion objects and of A-complete objects. Under a finiteness condition on A, we develop a Morita theory for these subcat egories, find conceptual interpretations for some associated algebraic functors, and, in appropriate commutative situations, identify the associated functors as local homology or local cohomology. Some of the results are suprising even in the case R = Z and A = Z/p. 1. Introduction. Let R be a ring and R-mod the derived category of chain complexes of left /? -modules (see Section 1.2). We choose a fixed complex A which is perfect, in other words, isomorphic in /? -mod to a complex of finite length in which the entries are finitely generated projective /? -modules. We de clare another complex N to be A-trivial if Hom/? (A,A0 = 0, where Hom^(-,) denotes the chain complex of morphisms in R-mod. Going further, we say that X is A-torsion if Hom/? (X, AT) = 0 for all A-trivial N9 and that X is A-complete if HomR(N9X) = 0 for all A-trivial N. We then study the category Ators of A-torsion complexes and the category Acomp of A-complete complexes (both of these are triangulated full subcategories of R-mod). It turns out that these categories are equivalent to one another, and also equivalent to the derived category of dif ferential graded modules over the endomorphism complex of A. We construct approximation functors CelU: R-mod ? > At0rs and (-)A: R-mod ? > Acomp. For an object M of R-mod9 the complex CelU(M) is a kind of A-cellular approxi mation to M, in the sense that it is the best approximation to M which can be cobbled together from A and its suspensions; the complex MA is the Bousfield localization of M with respect to a homology theory on R-mod derived from A. We provide algebraic formulas for the functors, and find that the functors are related in interesting ways, one of which involves an arithmetic square. We also show that if CcIIa(R) has certain finite-dimensionality properties, then an object M of R-mod is A-torsion or A-complete if and only if the homology groups 77/M individually satisfy appropriate torsion or completeness conditions. Suppose now that R is a commutative ring, that 7 C R is a finitely generated ideal, that A = R/I9 and that K is the associated Koszul complex. The complex A
Celiac Disease in Association with a Congenital Heart Disease

Celiac disease is a form of enteropathy affecting the (small) intestine in genetically predisposed children and adults, precipitated by the ingestion of gluten-containing foods. It is also referred to as celiac sprue, gluten- sensitive enteropathy, and nontropical sprue. Though its presentation is commonly associated with the gastrointestinal system other systemic associations like hepatobiliary system, nervous system, hematologic system, cardiovascular system are not uncommon. We hereby present a case of a 14 year old girl with a history of global growth retardation. Systemic examination suggested severe anemia, massive pleural and pericardial effusions subsequently confirmed by chest x ray and echocardiography which also revealed an underlying atrial septal defect. Raised levels of serum anti-transglutaminase antibody (IgA) arose suspicion of Celiac disease which was confirmed after the histopathological study of the duodenal biopsy. We are reporting this case to highlight a rare association of celiac disease with a congenital heart disease.
Prognostic significance and therapeutic potential of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) in hepatocellular carcinoma

Using comparative proteomic and genomic approaches, the authors identified eukaryotic translation initiation factor 5A (eIF5A) as an oncofetal molecule highly abundant in mouse embryonic livers and human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines. To evaluate the oncogenic role and prognostic significance of eIF5A in HCC, we investigate the expression patterns of the two isoforms (eIF5A1 and eIF5A2) in a cohort of 258 HCC cases by cDNA microarray. Both eIF5A isoforms were expressed in the tumors, and clinically correlated eIF5A1 with more numbers of tumor nodules and eIF5A2 with tumor venous infiltration in HCC. In a separate cohort of 50 HCCs, high level of eIF5A2, but not eIF5A1, was associated with elevated levels of deoxyhypusine synthase and deoxyhypusine hydroxylase that catalyze post‐translational hypusination of eIF5A protein. Interestingly, N1‐guanyl‐1,7‐diaminoheptane (GC7), which is an inhibitor for the first step of eIF5A hypusination, was shown to significantly impair the cell proliferation and invasion of primary HCC cells (HepG2 and Hep3B). To further demonstrate the tumorigenic role associated with eIF5A, a drastic reduction of cell proliferation was associated with suppression of eIF5A2 by transfecting Hep3B, H2‐P and H2‐M HCC cells expressing high level of this isoform using small interfering RNA (siRNA) against eIF5A2. For these assays, a milder response was usually observed in normal hepatocyte cell line. Therefore, these findings suggest that eIF5A plays an important role in HCC tumorigenesis and metastasis, and targeting eIF5A hypusination by GC7 inhibitor or eIF5A2 by RNA interference (RNAi) may offer new therapeutic alternatives to HCC patients.
Leukemia inhibitory factor enhances the regeneration of transected rat sciatic nerve and the function of reinnervated muscle

The cytokine leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) favors the survival and growth of axons in vitro and in vivo. Fibronectin has been shown to enhance nerve regeneration when added in combination with various growth factors including LIF. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of LIF plus fibronectin on the regeneration of transected nerve and functional recovery of reinnervated skeletal muscle, in one experimental model of peripheral nerve repair, at two recovery times. The rat sciatic nerve was cut at mid‐thigh level and a silicone cuff containing either saline (control), LIF, or LIF plus fibronectin (L + F) was used to bridge the proximal and distal nerve stumps leaving a 1 cm gap between them. Rats were then explored at 6 or 12 weeks following the initial surgery. Regenerating nerves were assessed by measuring the diameter of myelinated axons, conduction velocity, and number of myelinated fibers. Muscle reinnervation was assessed by measuring muscle mass, force of contraction, and histologically for changes in muscle fiber type (type I and type II). In this report we demonstrate that at 6 weeks there were significant increases in 1) nerve conduction velocity, 2) myelinated axon diameter, and 3) number of myelinated axons over that of control (saline‐treated) animals. Both LIF groups demonstrated a shift in type II muscle fiber area compared to saline‐treated controls, with the L + F group having a significant increase in muscle mass. At 12 weeks there was an improved recovery over and above that demonstrated at 6 weeks. Muscle mass was 65% and 42% greater than control for LIF and L + F, respectively. Force of contraction, conduction velocity, myelinated fiber number, and diameter were also significantly greater for both LIF‐ and L + F‐ treated rats than saline‐treated rats. These results demonstrate that LIF significantly improves the regeneration of damaged peripheral nerves and the preservation of muscle viability, resulting in greatly enhanced recovery of skeletal muscle function. J. Neurosci. Res. 47:208–215, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Metadata Embeddings for User and Item Cold-start Recommendations

I present a hybrid matrix factorisation model representing users and items as linear combinations of their content features' latent factors. The model outperforms both collaborative and content-based models in cold-start or sparse interaction data scenarios (using both user and item metadata), and performs at least as well as a pure collaborative matrix factorisation model where interaction data is abundant. Additionally, feature embeddings produced by the model encode semantic information in a way reminiscent of word embedding approaches, making them useful for a range of related tasks such as tag recommendations.
Techniques for efficient processing in runahead execution engines

Runahead execution is a technique that improves processor performance by pre-executing the running application instead of stalling the processor when a long-latency cache miss occurs. Previous research has shown that this technique significantly improves processor performance. However, the efficiency of runahead execution, which directly affects the dynamic energy consumed by a runahead processor, has not been explored. A runahead processor executes significantly more instructions than a traditional out-of-order processor, sometimes without providing any performance benefit, which makes it inefficient. In this paper, we describe the causes of inefficiency in runahead execution and propose techniques to make a runahead processor more efficient, thereby reducing its energy consumption and possibly increasing its performance. Our analyses and results provide two major insights: (1) the efficiency of runahead execution can be greatly improved with simple techniques that reduce the number of short, overlapping, and useless runahead periods, which we identify as the three major causes of inefficiency; (2) simple optimizations targeting the increase of useful prefetches generated in runahead mode can increase both the performance and efficiency of a runahead processor. The techniques we propose reduce the increase in the number of instructions executed due to runahead execution from 26.5% to 6.2%, on average, without significantly affecting the performance improvement provided by runahead execution.
Neural stem cells for the treatment of disorders of the enteric nervous system: Strategies and challenges

The main goal of this review is to summarize the status of the research in the field of stem cells transplantation, as it is applicable to the treatment of gastrointestinal motility. This field of research has advanced tremendously in the past 10 years, and recent data produced in our laboratories as well as others is contributing to the excitement on the use of neural stem cells (NSC) as a valuable therapeutic approach for disorders of the enteric nervous system characterized by a loss of critical neuronal subpopulations. There are several sources of NSC, and here we describe therapeutic strategies for NSC transplantation in the gut. These include using NSC as a relatively nonspecific cellular replacement strategy in conditions where large populations of neurons or their subsets are missing or destroyed. As with many other recent “breakthroughs” stem cell therapy may eventually prove to be overrated. However, at the present time, it does appear to provide the hope for a true cure for many currently intractable diseases of both the central and the peripheral nervous system. Certainly more extensive research is needed in this field. We hope that our review will encourage new investigators in entering this field of research ad contribute to our knowledge of the potentials of NSC and other cells for the treatment of gastrointestinal dysmotility. Developmental Dynamics 236:33–43, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Replication-Defective Gammaherpesvirus Efficiently Establishes Long-Term Latency in Macrophages but Not in B Cells In Vivo

ABSTRACT Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 (γHV68 or MHV68) is genetically related to the human gammaherpesviruses Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), providing a useful system for in vivo studies of the virus-host relationship. To begin to address fundamental questions about the mechanisms of the establishment of gammaherpesvirus latency, we previously generated a replication-defective γHV68 lacking the expression of the single-stranded DNA binding protein encoded by orf6. In work presented here, we demonstrate that this mutant virus established a long-term infection in vivo that was molecularly identical to wild-type virus latency. Thus, despite the absence of an acute phase of lytic replication, the mutant virus established a chronic infection in which the viral genome (i) was maintained as an episome and (ii) expressed latency-associated, but not lytic replication-associated, genes. Macrophages purified from mice infected with the replication-defective virus harbored viral genome at a frequency that was nearly identical to that of wild-type γHV68; however, the frequency of B cells harboring viral genome was greatly reduced in the absence of lytic replication. Thus, this replication-defective gammaherpesvirus efficiently established in vivo infection in macrophages that was molecularly indistinguishable from wild-type virus latency. These data point to a critical role for lytic replication or reactivation in the establishment or maintenance of latent infection in B cells.
Disrupted Functional Connectivity of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex in Cirrhotic Patients without Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy: A Resting State fMRI Study

Background To evaluate the changes of functional connectivity of the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in patients with cirrhosis without overt hepatic encephalopathy (HE) using resting state functional MRI. Methodology/Principal Findings Participants included 67 cirrhotic patients (27 minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE) and 40 cirrhotic patients without MHE (non-HE)), and 40 age- and gender- matched healthy controls. rsfMRI were performed on 3 Telsa scanners. The pregenual ACC resting-state networks (RSNs) were characterized by using a standard seed-based whole-brain correlation method and compared between cirrhotic patients and healthy controls. Pearson correlation analysis was performed between the ACC RSNs and venous blood ammonia levels, neuropsychological tests (number connection test type A [NCT-A] and digit symbol test [DST]) scores in cirrhotic patients. All thresholds were set at P<0.05, with false discovery rate corrected. Compared with controls, non-HE and MHE patients showed significantly decreased functional connectivity in the bilateral ACC, bilateral middle frontal cortex (MFC), bilateral middle cingulate cortex (MCC), bilateral superior temporal gyri (STG)/middle temporal gyri (MTG), bilateral thalami, bilateral putamen and bilateral insula, and increased functional connectivity of bilateral precuneus and left temporo-occipital lobe and bilateral lingual gyri. Compared with non-HE patients, MHE showed the decreased functional connectivity of right MCC, bilateral STG/MTG and right putamen. This indicates decreased ACC functional connectivity predominated with the increasing severity of HE. NCT-A scores negatively correlated with ACC functional connectivity in the bilateral MCC, right temporal lobe, and DST scores positively correlated with functional connectivity in the bilateral ACC and the right putamen. No correlation was found between venous blood ammonia levels and functional connectivity in ACC in cirrhotic patients. Conclusions/Significance Disrupted functional connectivity in ACC was found in cirrhotic patients which further deteriorated with the increasing severity of HE and correlated cognitive dysfunction in cirrhotic patients.