Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Communication between nurses and family caregivers of hospitalised older persons: a literature review

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To review the literature concerning the feelings, thoughts and behaviours of nurses and family caregivers of hospitalised older persons when they communicate with one another. BACKGROUND Communication between nurses and family caregivers of hospitalised older persons is not always optimal. Improving the frequency and quality of this communication might be a way to make the most of available human capital in order to better care for hospitalised older people. DESIGN A literature review was carried out of qualitative, quantitative and mixed-design studies relating to communication between nurses and family caregivers. Findings were analysed thematically. RESULTS Family caregiver thoughts, feelings and behaviours relative to nurse control and authority, nurse recognition of their contribution, information received from and shared with nurses and care satisfaction could influence communication with nurses. Nurse thoughts regarding usefulness of family caregivers as care partners and their lack of availability to meet family caregiver demands could influence communication with family caregivers. CONCLUSIONS The thoughts, feelings and behaviours of family caregivers and nurses that might create positive or negative circular patterns of communication are evidenced. Further research is required to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Nurses must be trained in how to communicate with family caregivers in order to form a partnership geared to preventing complications in hospitalised older persons. Results could be used to inform policy regarding the care of hospitalised older persons.
CFD Simulation and Validation of Flap Type Wave-Maker

A general purpose viscous flow solver Ansys CFX was used to solve the unsteady three-dimensional (3D) Reynolds Averaged Navier-Stokes Equation (RANSE) for simulating a 3D numerical viscous wave tank. A flap-type wave generator was incorporated in the computational domain to generate the desired incident waves. Authors have made effort to study the physical behaviors of Flap type wave maker with governing parameters. Dependency of the water fill depth, Time period of oscillations and amplitude of oscillations of flap were studied. Effort has been made to establish relations between parameters. A validation study was also carried out against CFD methodology with wave maker theory. It has been observed that CFD results are in good agreement with theoretical results. Beaches of different slopes were introduced to damp the wave, so that it should not cause any reflection from boundary. As a conclusion this methodology can simulate the experimental wave-maker for regular wave generation for different wave length and amplitudes. Keywords—CFD, RANSE, Flap type, wave-maker, VOF, seakeeping, numerical method. NOMENCLATURE Af = flap stroke length Aw = wave amplitude H = wave height hf = Height of stationary wall below flap hw = water height S= stroke length Tp = Time period Ө = rotation angle of flap Xdisp = displacement of flap at z Pi = point location for wave elevation SUBSCRIPTS f = flap w = wave p = period of flap movement
Heterogeneity in the Infection Biology of Campylobacter jejuni Isolates in Three Infection Models Reveals an Invasive and Virulent Phenotype in a ST21 Isolate from Poultry

Although Campylobacter is the leading cause of bacterial foodborne gastroenteritis in the world and the importance of poultry as a source of infection is well understood we know relatively little about its infection biology in the broiler chicken. Much of what we know about the biology of Campylobacter jejuni is based on infection of inbred or SPF laboratory lines of chickens with a small number of isolates used in most laboratory studies. Recently we have shown that both the host response and microbial ecology of C. jejuni in the broiler chicken varies with both the host-type and significantly between C. jejuni isolates. Here we describe heterogeneity in infection within a panel of C. jejuni isolates in two broiler chicken breeds, human intestinal epithelial cells and the Galleria insect model of virulence. All C. jejuni isolates colonised the chicken caeca, though colonisation of other parts of the gastrointestinal tract varied between isolates. Extra-intestinal spread to the liver varied between isolates and bird breed but a poultry isolate 13126 (sequence type 21) showed the greatest levels of extra-intestinal spread to the liver in both broiler breeds with over 70% of birds of the fast growing breed and 50% of the slower growing breed having C. jejuni in their livers. Crucially 13126 is significantly more invasive than other isolates in human intestinal epithelial cells and gave the highest mortality in the Galleria infection model. Taken together our findings suggest that not only is there considerable heterogeneity in the infection biology of C. jejuni in avian, mammalian and alternative models, but that some isolates have an invasive and virulent phenotype. Isolates with an invasive phenotype would pose a significant risk and increased difficulty in control in chicken production and coupled with the virulent phenotype seen in 13126 could be an increased risk to public health.
Culturally Diverse Mental Health: The Challenges of Research and Resistance

Section 1. Resistance to Multiculturalism 1. Modern Forms of Resistance to Multiculturalism: Keeping our Eyes on the Prize 2. Expanding Our Understanding of White Racism and Resistance for Change in the Fields of Counseling and Psychology 3. Resistance to Multiculturalism: The "Indian Problem" 4. To Be Included in the Multicultural Discussion: Check One Box Only 5. Manifestations of Resistance to Diversity and Multiculturalism in Organizations 6. Building Bridges in the 21st Century: Allies and the Power of Human Connection across Demographic Divides Section 2. Diverse Ethnic Minority Populations 7. African Americans in the New Millennium: A Continued Search for Our True Identity 8. African American Couples: Their Importance to the Stability of African American Families and Their Mental Health Issues 9. Latinos and Mental Health: At Least You Should Know This 10. Clinical Psychology Issues Among Asian/Pacific Islander Americans 11. South Asian Americans: Culture, Concerns and Therapeutic Strategies 12. American Indian Mental Health Service Delivery: Persistent Challenges and Future Prospects 13. Not Just Black and White: Interracial Relationships and Multiracial Individuals Section 3. Diverse Non-Ethnic Populations 14. Women's Mental Health Research: History, Current Status, and Future Directions 15. Violence Against Women: A Silent Pandemic 16. Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Psychology: Past, Present, and Future Directions 17. Aging and Mental Health 18. Deaf: Moving from Hearing Loss to Diversity 19. Perspective on Spirituality and Psychology in Ethnic Populations
Twitter content classification

This paper delivers a new Twitter content classification framework based sixteen existing Twitter studies and a grounded theory analysis of a personal Twitter history. It expands the existing understanding of Twitter as a multifunction tool for personal, profession, commercial and phatic communications with a split level classification scheme that offers broad categorization and specific sub categories for deeper insight into the real world application of the service.
Protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B restrains mammary alveologenesis and secretory differentiation

Tyrosine phosphorylation plays a fundamental role in mammary gland development. However, the role of specific tyrosine phosphatases in controlling mammary cell fate remains ill defined. We have identified protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) as an essential regulator of alveologenesis and lactogenesis. PTP1B depletion increased the number of luminal mammary progenitors in nulliparous mice, leading to enhanced alveoli formation upon pregnancy. Mechanistically, Ptp1b deletion enhanced the expression of progesterone receptor and phosphorylation of Stat5, two key regulators of alveologenesis. Furthermore, glands from Ptp1b knockout mice exhibited increased expression of milk proteins during pregnancy due to enhanced Stat5 activation. These findings reveal that PTP1B constrains the number of mammary progenitors and thus prevents inappropriate onset of alveologenesis in early pregnancy. Moreover, PTP1B restrains the expression of milk proteins during pregnancy and thus prevents premature lactogenesis. Our work has implications for breast tumorigenesis because Ptp1b deletion has been shown to prevent or delay the onset of mammary tumors.
ORIGINS OF MINDFULNESS & MEDITATION INTERPLAYOF EASTERN & WESTERN PSYCHOLOGY

“The East and the West must unite to provide one another with what is lacking” Abdu'l Baha in Sinha & Sinha, 1997 Mindfulness & meditation are gaining popularity in the West­ern psychological practice in the past 4-5 decades, especially within psychotherapeutic approaches, health promotion, and stress reduction. The origins and the broader context, however, seem to be overlooked in some of these practices. This article focuses on the origin of these phenomena in the first part, as it is important for both their interpretation and appli­cation in the current Western context. As these practices, entered Western psychology through India, basic assumptions about hu­man nature in Indian psychology, monoism of body-mind, cen­trality of consciousness and meditation as a part of daily conduct are presented. The basic constructs of Buddhism, an integral part of Indian psychology, in relation to mindfulness and meditation, are also delineated as illustrations of these assumptions. The second part reflects on the application of the meditative practices through cognitive existential study of mindfulness (Ka­bat-Zinn, 2003) and a study on the phenomenology of medita­tion (Madsen, 2007). Both emphasize an experienced instructor, regular practice as a part of daily life, conceptual consciousness understandings for beneficial effects of these practices. The last part reflects critically on perils of mindfulness and meditation in the context of modernity. There is an appeal for considering these as a part of daily life, not just a technique, along with considering their origin and aspects such as spiritu­ality considered as compassion and interconnectednes, spiritua­lity as compassion, interplay between the Eastern and Western psychological understandings and the broader context.
Microcin J25 Has Dual and Independent Mechanisms of Action in Escherichia coli: RNA Polymerase Inhibition and Increased Superoxide Production

ABSTRACT Microcin J25 (MccJ25) uptake by Escherichia coli requires the outer membrane receptor FhuA and the inner membrane proteins TonB, ExbD, ExbB, and SbmA. MccJ25 appears to have two intracellular targets: (i) RNA polymerase (RNAP), which has been described in E. coli and Salmonella enterica serovars, and (ii) the respiratory chain, reported only in S. enterica serovars. In the current study, it is shown that the observed difference between the actions of microcin on the respiratory chain in E. coli and S. enterica is due to the relatively low microcin uptake via the chromosomally encoded FhuA. Higher expression by a plasmid-encoded FhuA allowed greater uptake of MccJ25 by E. coli strains and the consequent inhibition of oxygen consumption. The two mechanisms, inhibition of RNAP and oxygen consumption, are independent of each other. Further analysis revealed for the first time that MccJ25 stimulates the production of reactive oxygen species (O2·−) in bacterial cells, which could be the main reason for the damage produced on the membrane respiratory chain.
Distinguishing logic from association in the solution of an invisible displacement task by children (Homo sapiens) and dogs (Canis familiaris): using negation of disjunction.

Prior research on the ability to solve the Piagetian invisible displacement task has focused on prerequisite representational capacity. This study examines the additional prerequisite of deduction. As in other tasks (e.g., conservation and transitivity), it is difficult to distinguish between behavior that reflects logical inference from behavior that reflects associative generalization. Using the role of negation in logic whereby negative feedback about one belief increases the certainty of another (e.g., a disjunctive syllogism), task-naive dogs (Canis familiaris; n=19) and 4- to 6-year-old children (Homo sapiens; n=24) were given a task wherein a desirable object was shown to have disappeared from a container after it had passed behind 3 separate screens. As predicted, children (as per logic of negated disjunction) tended to increase their speed of checking the 3rd screen after failing to find the object behind the first 2 screens, whereas dogs (as per associative extinction) tended to significantly decrease their speed of checking the 3rd screen after failing to find the object behind the first 2 screens.
The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Ageing and Bilingualism: Absence of a " Bilingual Advantage " in Stroop Interference in a Nonimmigrant Sample

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Term Graph Representations for Cyclic Lambda-Terms

We study various representations for cyclic lambda-terms as higher-order or as first-order term graphs. We focus on the relation between 'lambda-higher-order term graphs' (lambda-ho-term-graphs), which are first-order term graphs endowed with a well-behaved scope function, and their representations as 'lambda-term-graphs', which are plain first-order term graphs with scope-delimiter vertices that meet certain scoping requirements. Specifically we tackle the question: Which class of first-order term graphs admits a faithful embedding of lambda-ho-term-graphs in the sense that (i) the homomorphism-based sharing-order on lambda-ho-term-graphs is preserved and reflected, and (ii) the image of the embedding corresponds closely to a natural class (of lambda-term-graphs) that is closed under homomorphism? We systematically examine whether a number of classes of lambda-term-graphs have this property, and we find a particular class of lambda-term-graphs that satisfies this criterion. Term graphs of this class are built from application, abstraction, variable, and scope-delimiter vertices, and have the characteristic feature that the latter two kinds of vertices have back-links to the corresponding abstraction. This result puts a handle on the concept of subterm sharing for higher-order term graphs, both theoretically and algorithmically: We obtain an easily implementable method for obtaining the maximally shared form of lambda-ho-term-graphs. Furthermore, we open up the possibility to pull back properties from first-order term graphs to lambda-ho-term-graphs, properties such as the complete lattice structure of bisimulation equivalence classes with respect to the sharing order.
Spotlight on ibrutinib and its potential in frontline treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most prevalent leukemia in the adult population. Current efforts are focused on better understanding the intricate pathophysiology of the disease to develop successful targeted therapies. Ibrutinib is emerging as an important agent in this new age of targeted treatment for CLL. As a Bruton’s tyrosine kinase inhibitor, it blocks the signaling pathway that malignant B-lymphocytes need for growth and maturation. Ibrutinib’s role in therapy was further expanded recently when the US Food and Drug Administration approved its use in both frontline and salvage treatment for patients with CLL. This review assesses the effectiveness of ibrutinib in the frontline setting, its efficacy in various types of patients with CLL, and its safety and tolerability.
Gender-specific modulation of short-term neuroplasticity in the visual cortex induced by transcranial direct current stimulation

Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive method of modulating levels of cortical excitability. In this study, data gathered over a number of previously conducted experiments before and after tDCS, has been re-analyzed to investigate correlations between sex differences with respect to neuroplastic effects. Visual evoked potentials (VEPs), phosphene thresholds (PTs), and contrast sensitivity measurements (CSs) are used as indicators of the excitability of the primary visual cortex. The data revealed that cathodally induced excitability effects 10 min post stimulation with tDCS, showed no significant difference between genders. However, stimulation in the anodal direction revealed sex-specific effects: in women, anodal stimulation heightened cortical excitability significantly when compared to the age-matched male subject group. There was no significant difference between male and female subjects immediately after stimulation. These results indicate that sex differences exist within the visual cortex of humans, and may be subject to the influences of modulatory neurotransmitters or gonadal hormones which mirror short-term neuroplastic effects.
Surface- and deep-level dissimilarity effects on social integration and individual effectiveness related outcomes in work groups: a meta-analytic integration

Prior research linking demographic (e.g., age, ethnicity/race, gender, and tenure) and underlying psychological (e.g., personality, attitudes, and values) dissimilarity variables to individual group member's work-related outcomes produced mixed and contradictory results. To account for these findings, this study develops a contingency framework and tests it using meta-analytic and structural equation modelling techniques. In line with this framework, results showed different effects of surface-level (i.e., demographic) dissimilarity and deep-level (i.e., underlying psychological) dissimilarity on social integration, and ultimately on individual effectiveness related outcomes (i.e., turnover, task, and contextual performance). Specifically, surface-level dissimilarity had a negative effect on social integration under low but not under high team interdependence. In return, social integration fully mediated the negative relationship between surface-level dissimilarity and individual effectiveness related outcomes under low interdependence. In contrast, deep-level dissimilarity had a negative effect on social integration, which was stronger under high and weaker under low team interdependence. Contrary to our predictions, social integration did not mediate the negative relationship between deep-level dissimilarity and individual effectiveness related outcomes but suppressed positive direct effects of deep-level dissimilarity on individual effectiveness related outcomes. Possible explanations for these counterintuitive findings are discussed.
Allergenic activity of an air‐oxidized ethoxylated surfactant

Ethoxylated surfactants are used in household and industrial cleaners, topical pharmaceuticals, cosmetics and laundry products. Polyethers, e.g. ethoxylated surfactants and polyethylene glycols, are oxidized by atmospheric oxygen (autoxidized) when stored and handled. We have previously shown that a chemically well‐defined non‐ionic surfactant, the ethoxylated alcohol penta‐ethylene glycol mono‐n‐dodecyl ether (C12E5), forms a complex mixture of autoxidation products when exposed to air. Predictive testing in guinea pigs showed that the surfactant itself is a non‐sensitizer, but that oxidation products formed are skin sensitizers. The aim of this study was to investigate the sensitizing capacity of a total oxidation mixture of C12E5 obtained after autoxidation. The allergenic activity of different oxidation products is discussed as well as the clinical importance of the findings. This study shows that the non‐ionic surfactant C12E5 containing 20% oxidation products is a sensitizing mixture. The result accords with what is observed for other compounds that are unstable when in contact with air, e.g. limonene and linalool, major fragrance terpenes. Studies regarding the clinical relevance of our findings should be performed. However, it is already clear from this study that precautions must be taken in handling and storage of ethoxylated surfactants to avoid formation of allergenic mixtures.
Positive alternatives to exclusion

1.Introducing the Positive Alternatives to School Exclusion project 2.Anne Fine primary school 3.Virginia Woolf High School (1) 4.Virginian Woolf High School (2) 5.T. S. Eliot High School 6.Ogden Nash upper school 7.William Shakespeare upper school 8.Rudyard Kipling Further Education College 9.Using insights from the case studies: frameworks for understanding and developing practice 10.Making human sense: the importance of personal experience 11.Research as development
Human microRNAs co-silence in well-separated groups and have different predicted essentialities

BACKGROUND Short regulating RNAs guide many cellular processes. Compared with transcription factor proteins they appear to provide more specialized control and their deletions are less frequently lethal. RESULTS We find large differences between computationally predicted lists of human microRNA (miRNA)-target pairs. Instead of integrating these lists we use the two most accurate of them. Next, we construct the co-regulation network of human miRNAs as nodes by computing the correlation (link weight) between the gene silencing scores of individual miRNAs. In this network, we locate groups of tightly co-regulating nodes (modules). Despite explicitly allowing overlaps the co-regulation modules of miRNAs are well separated. We use the modules and miRNA co-expression data to define and compute miRNA essentiality. Instead of focusing on particular biological functions we identify a miRNA as essential, if it has a low co-expression with the miRNAs in its module. This may be thought of as having many workers performing the same tasks together in one place (non-essential miRNAs) as opposed to a single worker performing those tasks alone (essential miRNA). CONCLUSIONS On the system level, we quantitatively confirm previous findings about the specialized control provided by miRNAs. For knock-out tests we list the groups of our predicted most and least essential miRNAs. In addition, we provide possible explanations for (i) the low number of individually essential miRNAs in Caenorhabdtits elegans and (ii) the high number of ubiquitous miRNAs influencing cell and tissue-specific miRNA expression patterns in mouse and human.
Function Sequence Genetic Programming for pattern classification

Pattern classification is one of the most researched problems in Artificial Intelligence. Genetic Programming (GP) has been used to construct classifiers by many researchers. Function Sequence Genetic Programming (FSGP) is a new variant of GP, base on which constructing classifier has not been investigated now. This paper explores the application of FSGP to pattern classification. Base on FSGP, binary classifier and multi-classifier are constructed. Experiments on four well-known data sets are made to demonstrate the classification performance of FSGP.