Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Organizational Ethics: A Practical Approach

Introduction Part I Laying an Ethical Foundation Chapter 1 Ethical Perspectives Part II Practicing Individual Ethics in the Organization Chapter 2 Personal Ethical Development Chapter 3 Ethical Decision Making and Action Part III Practicing Interpersonal Ethics in the Organization Chapter 4 Ethical Interpersonal Communication Chapter 5 Exercising Ethical Influence Chapter 6 Ethical Conflict and Negotiation Part IV Practicing Group, Leadership, and Followership Ethics Chapter 7 Improving Group Ethical Performance Chapter 8 Leadership Ethics Chapter 9 Followership Ethics Part V Practicing Ethics in Organizational Systems Chapter 10 Building an Ethical Organization Chapter 11 Managing Ethical Hot Spots in the Organization Chapter 12 Promoting Organizational Citizenship in a Global Society
Impact of Elevated CO2 on Tobacco Caterpillar, Spodoptera litura on Peanut, Arachis hypogea

Abstract If the carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration in the atmosphere changes in the future, as predicted, it could influence crops and insect pests. The growth and development of the tobacco caterpillar, Spodoptera litura (Fabricius) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera), reared on peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) foliage grown under elevated CO2 (550 ppm and 700 ppm) concentrations in open top chambers at Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, India, were examined in this study. Significantly lower leaf nitrogen, higher carbon, higher relative proportion of carbon to nitrogen and higher polyphenols content expressed in terms of tannic acid equivalents were observed in the peanut foliage grown under elevated CO2 levels. Substantial influence of elevated CO2 on S. litura was noticed, such as longer larval duration, higher larval weights, and increased consumption of peanut foliage by S. litura larvae under elevated CO2 compared with ambient CO2. Relative consumption rate was significantly higher for S. litura larva fed plants grown at 550 and 700 ppm than for larvae fed plants grown at ambient condition. Decreased efficiency of conversion of ingested food, decreased efficiency of conversion of digested food, and decreased relative growth rate of larvae was observed under elevated CO2. The present results indicate that elevated CO2 levels altered the quality of the peanut foliage, resulting in higher consumption, lower digestive efficiency, slower growth, and longer time to pupation (one day more than ambient).
Market Mechanisms with Non-Price-Taking Agents

The paper develops a decentralized resource allocation mechanism for allocating divisible goods with capacity constraints to non-price-taking agents with general concave utilities. The proposed mechanism is always budget balanced, individually rational, and it converges to an optimal solution of the corresponding centralized problem. Such a mechanism is very useful in a network with general topology and no auctioneer where the competitive agents/users want different type of services.
Statistical Strategies for Small Sample Research

On the Performance of Multiple Imputation for Multivariate Data with Small Sample Size - John W Graham and Joseph L Schafer Maximizing Power in Randomized Designs When N is Small - Anre Venter and Scott E Maxwell Effect Sizes and Significance Levels in Small-Sample Research - Sharon H Kramer and Robert Rosenthal Statistical Analysis Using Bootstrapping - Yiu-Fai Yung and Wai Chan Concepts and Implementation Meta-Analysis of Single-Case Designs - Scott L Hershberger et al Exact Permutational Inference for Categorical and Nonparametric Data - Cyrus R Mehta and Nitin R Patel Tests of an Identity Correlation Structure - Rachel T Fouladi and James H Steiger Sample Size, Reliability and Tests of Statistical Mediation - Rick H Hoyle and David A Kenny Pooling Lagged Covariance Structures Based on Short, Multivariate Time Series for Dynamic Factor Analysis - John R Nesselroade and Peter C M Molenaar Confirmatory Factor Analysis - Herbert W Marsh and Kit-Tai Hau Strategies for Small Sample Sizes Small Samples in Structural Equation State Space Modeling - Johan H L Oud, Robert A R G Jansen and Dominique M A Haughton Structural Equation Modeling Analysis with Small Samples Using Partial Least Squares - Wynne W Chin and Peter R Newsted
Pharmacogenomic Identification of c-Myc/Max-Regulated Genes Associated with Cytotoxicity of Artesunate towards Human Colon, Ovarian and Lung Cancer Cell Lines

Development of novel therapy strategies is one of the major pressing topics of clinical oncology to overcome drug resistance of tumors. Artesunate (ART) is an anti-malarial drug, which also exerts profound cytotoxic activity towards cancer cells. We applied a gene-hunting approach using microarray-based transcriptome-wide mRNA expression profiling and COMPARE analyses. We identified a set of genes, whose expression was associated either with high IC50 values or low IC50 values for ART. Therefore, these genes may function as resistance or sensitivity factors for response of tumor cells towards ART. This viewpoint is conceivable for genes involved in ribosomal activity, drug transport, cellular antioxidant defense, apoptosis, cell proliferation, cell cycle progression etc. An investigation of underlying signal transduction by pathway analysis suggested a role of the signaling pathways related to tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and the tumor suppressor p53. On the other hand, there were genes without obvious functional link to cellular response to ART, such as genes involved in the survival of cochlear outer and inner hair cells etc. We proved the hypothesis that ART influences the activity of transcription factors regulating downstream genes involved or not involved in response of cancer cells towards ART. This would explain the identification of genes with and without obvious relation to the cytotoxic activity of ART by microarray and COMPARE analyses. By analysis of the binding motifs for the transcription factors c-Myc and Max, we indeed found that 53 of 56 genes contained one or more binding sites for c-Myc/Max upstream of the gene-location. We conclude that c-Myc and Max-mediated transcriptional control of gene expression might contribute to the therapeutic effects of ART in cancer cells, but may also confer unwanted side effects by affecting therapy-unrelated genes.
Semantic Topic Multimodal Hashing for Cross-Media Retrieval

Multimodal hashing is essential to cross-media similarity search for its low storage cost and fast query speed. Most existing multimodal hashing methods embedded heterogeneous data into a common low-dimensional Hamming space, and then rounded the continuous embeddings to obtain the binary codes. Yet they usually neglect the inherent discrete nature of hashing for relaxing the discrete constraints, which will cause degraded retrieval performance especially for long codes. For this purpose, a novel Semantic Topic Multimodal Hashing (STMH) is developed by considering latent semantic information in coding procedure. It first discovers clustering patterns of texts and robust factorizes the matrix of images to obtain multiple semantic topics of texts and concepts of images. Then the learned multimodal semantic features are transformed into a common subspace by their correlations. Finally, each bit of unified hash code can be generated directly by figuring out whether a topic or concept is contained in a text or an image. Therefore, the obtained model by STMH is more suitable for hashing scheme as it directly learns discrete hash codes in the coding process. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms several state-of-the-art methods.
Primary cup fixation with different designs of trapeziometacarpal total joint trapezium components: a radiostereometric analysis in a pig bone model

High loosening rates of the trapezium components of trapeziometacarpal total joint prostheses have been reported. The purpose of this study was to compare the primary press fit fixation of two different, uncemented cup designs (MOTEC and Elektra) with the primary fixation of a cemented polyethylene cup (DLC) in a pig bone model. We did a push out test to measure the maximal load strength of the implants and a low-pressure cyclic loading test combined with radiostereometric analysis to measure the micromotion of the implants. There was no significant difference in fixation strength between the two uncemented screw cup designs or between the two uncemented screw cups and the cemented polyethylene cup. However, we found that threading of the bone before insertion of the Electra screw cup weakens the primary fixation strength of the implant. The results indicate that focus should be on the insertion technique as well as on the cup design of uncemented trapezium cup implants. Further studies of trapezium implant migration in a clinical setting are needed.
Quality of life and related factors in patients with newly diagnosed advanced lung cancer: a longitudinal study

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To examine the changes in quality of life (QOL), symptoms, self-efficacy for coping with cancer, and factors related to those changes in patients with newly diagnosed advanced lung cancer. DESIGN Longitudinal and correlational. SETTING Oncology inpatient wards and outpatient departments of a medical center in northern Taiwan. SAMPLE 101 patients newly diagnosed with stage IIIB or IV lung cancer. METHODS Questionnaires were used to assess patients' QOL, symptoms, and self-efficacy before treatment and at one and three months following treatment. Factors related to the changes in global QOL and five functional dimensions were analyzed using six generalized estimating equation models. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES QOL, symptoms, and self-efficacy for coping with cancer. FINDINGS Patients reported moderate levels of global QOL, symptom severity, and self-efficacy for coping with cancer. They also reported high physical and cognitive functions, but relatively low role and social functions. Factors were significantly related to the most functional dimensions, including self-efficacy, fatigue, pain, sleep difficulties, and demographic- and disease-related factors. Self-efficacy was the most robust factor for predicting QOL. CONCLUSIONS Patients with advanced lung cancer experience a compromised global QOL and relatively low social and role functioning during the first three months following cancer diagnosis. Levels of self-efficacy and symptoms significantly affected changes in QOL and functioning. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Applying a systematic assessment of changes in QOL and developing comprehensive interventions with self-efficacy training and symptom management are strongly recommended for clinical care to improve the QOL of patients with advanced lung cancer.
Electromyographic Test to Differentiate Mild Diplegic Cerebral Palsy and Idiopathic Toe-Walking

The purpose of this study was to determine whether children with mild spastic diplegic cerebral palsy (CP) could be differentiated from those with idiopathic toe-walking (ITW) based on an obligatory coactivation during voluntary contraction of the quadriceps or gastrocnemius. Twenty-four subjects participated in this study, eight children with mild spastic diplegia CP, eight with ITW, and eight age-matched controls. Measurements included passive range of motion and surface electromyographic recordings of the lateral quadriceps and lateral gastrocnemius. Electromyographic recordings were obtained during resisted knee extension with knee flexed 30°, isometric quadriceps contraction with knee extended (quad set), active plantarflexion, and during gait. The range-of-motion values were not different between the CP and ITW subjects, with the exception of the popliteal angle, which was greater in subjects with CP, with an overlap in values. Gait electromyography showed premature firing of gastrocnemius in swing in both groups of subjects compared with controls. During resisted knee extension and quad set, the mean duration of gastrocnemius coactivation in subjects with CP was high: 86% and 86% compared with 20% and 35% for the subjects with ITW and 0.4% and 3% for controls, respectively. Voluntary plantarflexion did not consistently elicit coactivation of the quadriceps. The results suggest that electromyographic testing of resisted knee extension and quad set to identify gastrocnemius coactivation can help differentiate patients with mild CP from those with ITW.
Doppler spectra from contrast agents crossing an ultrasound field

When contrast agents are injected in a fluid, it is implicitly assumed that they move at the same velocity as the fluid itself. However, a series of in vitro tests performed by using air-filled microbubbles suspended in distilled water, have shown that the Doppler spectrum generated in this case may be notably different from that obtained from non-resonating scatterers. In this paper, we show, through a simple simulation model, that the actual movement of microbubbles may be predicted as the result of the complex balance between two forces: the ultrasound radiation force, which tends to move the particles along the sound beam direction, and the fluid drag force, which tends to move the particles along the fluid stream. The contrast agents turn out to be displaced only during the passage of the ultrasound burst; during the remaining time, they are maintained at the fluid velocity by the drag force. Based on the total particle displacement estimated between consecutive pulses, a series of Doppler spectra corresponding to different intensity levels was computed. This series was shown to be in excellent agreement with the experimental spectra obtained in vitro using Levovist(R) (Schering AG, Berlin, Germany) particles suspended in distilled water flowing at a steady rate.
The Relationship between Attachment Status and Personality Disorders.

This research paper provides information that would be useful to practicing counselors and counselors in training. It reviews the relevant research pertaining to the relationship between attachment status and personality disorders. It also critiques methodological issues, including major assessment instruments and frequently used research designs. Discussion begins with an overview of the relationship between attachment status and general psychopathology and progresses to personality disorders. Several specific disorders and their correlations to specific attachment disorders are discussed, including Borderline, Schizoid, Avoidant, and Dependent Personality Disorders. Implications for further research and treatment are discussed. Of particular interest is a 1988 study that found that attachment status not only affects the individuals themselves, but also those in relationships with them. Parents who were described as having avoidant attachment tended to be the parents of insecure-avoidant children. Likewise, parents described as having a preoccupied attachment and who had often idealized their relationships with their own parents frequently had children categorized as insecure-ambivalent. A final group of parents who had experienced the death of an attachment figure in childhood and had not successfully resolved that loss had infants described as insecure-disorganized/disoriented. (Contains 36 references.) (MKA) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ATTACHMENT STATUS AND PERSONALITY
Assessment of propranolol in angina pectoris. Clinical dose response curve and effect on electrocardiogram at rest and on exercise.

mg, range 80I-280). Progressively less benefit was seen with hal this dose, one-quarter, and one-eighth dose, though even one-eighth dose was signuficantly superior to placebo. As dosage was increased there was a progressive reduction in pulse rate. In 6 hypertensive patients in the trial blood pressure fell as dose was increased up to halffull strength, but there was no further fall on doubling to full dose.
Learning and cognition in education

This collection of 58 articles from the recently-published third edition of the "International Encyclopedia of Education" focuses on learning, memory, attention, problem solving, concept formation, and language. Learning and cognition is the foundation of cognitive psychology and encompasses many topics including attention, memory, categorization, etc. Most books in the area either focus on one subtopic in-depth (e.g. an entire book on memory) or cover the gamut of subjects in a series of long, technical handbook-like chapters. This concise reference offers researchers and professors teaching in the area a new take on the material that is comprehensive in breadth, but lighter in depth - focusing on main findings, established facts, and minimizing the amount of space taken up by large, multi-volume references. This title offers an introduction to a complex field via summaries of main topics in this discipline. It contains contributions from the foremost international researchers in the field. It makes content available to individual cognitive psychology researchers.
Susceptibility of CBA/N mice to infection with Salmonella typhimurium: influence of the X-linked gene controlling B lymphocyte function.

CBA/N mice have an X-linked immune defect that is associated with the absence of a subpopulation of mature or late developing B lymphocytes. The effect of this B cell defect on susceptibility of mice to Salmonella typhimurium was investigated. The 50% lethal dose (LD50) of S. typhimurium for CBA/N mice was 1000-fold less than for the immunologically normal, histocompatible CBA/CaHN strain. Genetic analysis revealed that the susceptibility of the CBA/N strain to S. typhimurium, like the immune defect, was X-linked since immune-defective F1 male mice derived from crosses between CBA/N and immunologically normal strains were susceptible to S. typhimurium (LD50 ≤ 20), whereas immunologically normal F1 males and females derived from these matings were resistant (LD50 ≥ 5 × 103). By contrast, both immune-defective and normal F1 mice were resistant to another facultative intracellular parasite, Listeria monocytogenes. Deaths among the immune-defective mice occurred primarily late in the course of infection (>10 days) whereas deaths of immunologically normal, S. typhimurium-susceptible strains (e.g., C57BL/6 and BALB/c) occurred early in the infectious process. To determine if the increased susceptibility of B cell-defective mice to S. typhimurium and the expression of the X-linked immune-deficiency gene (xid) were actually linked, F2 and backcross mice were phenotyped for the immune defect by measuring serum IgM levels and then challenged with the organism. Although no formal linkage was established, there was a close correlation between low serum IgM levels and susceptibility, since 93% of such mice succumbed to infection. These studies suggest that B cells play an important role in those events that govern the development of resistance to S. typhimurium late in the course of infection.
The pulse pressure/heart rate ratio as a marker of stroke volume changes during hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation in anesthetized swine

BACKGROUND Emergency physicians and anesthesiologists need accurate estimates of stroke volume when massive unexpected hemorrhage occurs. Using an animal model of hemorrhagic shock under general anesthesia, we hypothesized that the pulse pressure–heart rate ratio (PP/HR) would be an accurate marker of stroke volume changes during hemorrhage and resuscitation. METHODS In 16 swine under bispectral index-controlled, intravenous propofol-remifentanil anesthesia, pressure-controlled hemorrhagic shock was induced to achieve 30 mm Hg of mean arterial pressure, after which treatment was randomized to fluid (HES, n = 4), norepinephrine (NE, n = 4), both (HES + NE, n = 4), or neither (control, n = 4). Pulmonary artery thermodilution continuous cardiac output, stroke volume, and central arterial pressures were recorded at baseline (T0), after 30 minutes (T30) and 60 (T60) minutes of hemorrhage, during treatment (T90 and T120) and after blood retransfusion (T180). RESULTS At T60, blood withdrawal was 995 (301) mL (38 [8] mL/kg), resulting in a 70% decrease in stroke volume and a 3.3-fold decrease in PP/HR (each p < 0.01). When stroke volume data pointed at T0, T30 and T60 were plotted against the various hemodynamic variables under study, the PP/HR ratio exhibited the strongest relationship to stroke volume (r2 = 0.72). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve set to detect a 15% stroke volume decrease was larger for PP/HR (0.95 [0.94–0.97]) than for mean arterial pressure (0.91 [0.89–0.93]) (p < 0.013). During resuscitation in the HES and NE groups, correlation coefficients were significantly higher between stroke volume and PP/HR (0.75 [0.63–0.84] and 0.79 [0.67–0.86]) than between stroke volume and mean arterial pressure (0.52 [0.32–0.67], p = 0.042, and 0.49 [0.28–0.65], p = 0.0018, respectively). CONCLUSION The PP/HR ratio was strongly related to stroke volume during hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation in anesthetized swine.
MicroRNA-144 Is Regulated by Activator Protein-1 (AP-1) and Decreases Expression of Alzheimer Disease-related A Disintegrin and Metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10)*

Background: MicroRNA (miR) dysregulation is found in Alzheimer disease (AD). A disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10) prevents generation of amyloid β (Aβ) and decrease AD pathology. Results: miR-144 suppresses ADAM10 expression and is up-regulated by activator protein-1. Conclusion: miR-144 is a negative regulator of ADAM10 and may be involved in AD pathogenesis. Significance: The first work to demonstrate the function of miRNA-144 and its regulation in the pathogenesis of AD. Amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) accumulating in the brain of Alzheimer disease (AD) patients is believed to be the main pathophysiologcal cause of the disease. Proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein by α-secretase ADAM10 (a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10) protects the brain from the production of the Aβ. Meanwhile, dysregulation or aberrant expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) has been widely documented in AD patients. In this study, we demonstrated that overexpression of miR-144, which was previously reported to be increased in elderly primate brains and AD patients, significantly decreased activity of the luciferase reporter containing the ADAM10 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) and suppressed the ADAM10 protein level, whereas the miR-144 inhibitor led to an increase of the luciferase activity. The negative regulation caused by miR-144 was strictly dependent on the binding of the miRNA to its recognition element in the ADAM10 3′-UTR. Moreover, we also showed that activator protein-1 regulates the transcription of miR-144 and the up-regulation of miR-144 at least partially induces the suppression of the ADAM10 protein in the presence of Aβ. In addition, we found that miR-451, a miRNA processed from a single gene locus with miR-144, is also involved in the regulation of ADAM10 expression. Taken together, our data therefore demonstrate miR-144/451 is a negative regulator of the ADAM10 protein and suggest a mechanistic role for miR-144/451 in AD pathogenesis.
Support staff working in intellectual disability services: The importance of relationships and positive experiences

The quality of the work that paid support staff carry out within services for individuals with intellectual disability is clearly crucial to achieving positive quality of life outcomes for service users. Despite this fact, support staff have been relatively neglected as a focus for research within our field. That is not necessarily to say that there is no meaningful research with support staff as participants. The neglect is more to do with a lack of attention to theory and specifically to building a theoretical/ conceptual understanding of the role that support staff fulfil. The purpose of this Opinions & Perspectives piece is to discuss this neglect and to encourage systematic and theoretically rich research in future.