Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pharmacological Analyses of Protein Kinases Regulating Egg Maturation in Marine Nemertean Worms: A Review and Comparison with Mammalian Eggs

For development to proceed normally, animal eggs must undergo a maturation process that ultimately depends on phosphorylations of key regulatory proteins. To analyze the kinases that mediate these phosphorylations, eggs of marine nemertean worms have been treated with pharmacological modulators of intracellular signaling pathways and subsequently probed with immunoblots employing phospho-specific antibodies. This article both reviews such analyses and compares them with those conducted on mammals, while focusing on how egg maturation in nemerteans is affected by signaling pathways involving cAMP, mitogen-activated protein kinases, Src-family kinases, protein kinase C isotypes, AMP-activated kinase, and the Cdc2 kinase of maturation-promoting factor.
Expression of the cell–cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin in tongue carcinoma cell lines

Abstract A reduction in cell adhesiveness and cell invasion are essential steps in tumour progression. In the present study six tongue carcinoma cell lines were compared with regard to their invasive potential in two in vitro invasion assay systems and for their patterns of expression of the cell–cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin. The three cell lines negative for E-cadherin expression were invasive in both assays. One cell line with strong E-cadherin expression was strongly invasive and one weakly invasive. One cell line with reduced E-cadherin expression was weakly invasive. There was no significant pattern to these findings (x2 = 0.375; p = 0.54). This supports previous studies from this group that suggest that E-cadherin is only one of the presumably many molecules involved in tumour progression in squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue.
Exposure and responses to pre-incident behavior in a college student sample

A. , "Exposure and responses to pre-incident behavior in a college student sample" (2015). Campus threat assessment has included gathering, assessing, and intervening in situations with pre-incident behavior. However, with limited general population examination, concerns regarding the prevalence, assault correspondence, and reporting of pre-incident behavior exist. With an undergraduate student sample (n = 1,063), this dissertation utilized a survey regarding exposure and response to campus safety concerns. In comparison to students not witnessing concerns, students seeing problematic behavior had higher self-reported antisocial history and campus connectedness. Students witnessing physical assault were more likely to see multiple pre-incident behaviors, multiple incidents of pre-incident behavior, threatening statements, and threatening gestures from the perpetrator than students witnessing sexual assault / touching or safety issues besides assault. In comparison to students not informing authorities upon exposure to concerning behavior, reporting students indicated observing more types of concerning behavior and victims. Reporting students were more likely to be male and less likely to be freshmen. These students had less self-reported antisocial involvement and more campus connectedness. Additionally, in comparison to students not informing authorities upon exposure to concerning behavior, reporting students indicated having more contact with campus police, more positive contact with campus police, and greater ability to recall slogans from campus police advertisements. Overall, campus assaults appeared rare with diverse locations and offenders. Most assaults included observed pre-incident behavior from the perpetrator, and pre-incident behavior significantly corresponded with witnessed physical assault. Thus, pre-incident behavior appeared to relate to heightened campus violence risk, and further application of campus threat assessment to an array of problem areas appears warranted. Additionally, this dissertation had implications for pre-incident reporting improvement efforts and suggested messaging regarding precursors to violence could be incorporated into existing community policing outreach and bystander training for sexual assault prevention. Program, I have been afforded clinical and didactic opportunities allowing progress in pertinent psychological understanding and ability. My advisor and dissertation chair, Dr. Mario Scalora, has supervised a collaborative targeted violence research team with many intelligent and helpful team members, like Bulling has promoted the importance of thorough understanding of threat assessment literature. provided extensive training regarding violence risk assessment and forensic writing. Dr. Mario Scalora has assisted in my broad professional development in the forensic psychology field. which has enhanced the dissertation through improving methodology, adding relevant measures, and integrating applicable criminological and crime prevention findings. Throughout life, I have been surrounded by encouraging and …
Assessing Quality of Life in Older Adults With Cognitive Impairment

Objective This article discusses theoretical, psychometric, and practical considerations of quality of life assessment in older adults with cognitive impairment. It describes a new measure of quality of life in dementia, the QOL-AD, and examines the reliability and validity of patient and caregiver reports of patient quality of life. Methods Subjects were 177 patient/caregiver dyads. Patient Mini Mental State Exam scores ranged from 0 to 29, with a mean score of 16 (SD = 7). Each patient and caregiver rated the patient’s quality of life on the QOL-AD. Patient functional and cognitive status, psychological state, physical function, and behavior problems were also assessed. Reliability and validity of patient QOL-AD reports were examined across three levels of cognitive impairment. Results One hundred, fifty-five patients were able to complete the QOL-AD. Completers scored between 4 and 29 on the Mini Mental State Exam, whereas noncompleters all scored 10 or lower. Reliability for both patient and caregiver reports on the QOL-AD was good (&agr; values ranged from 0.83 to 0.90). Validity of patient and caregiver reports across cognitive levels was supported by correlation with measures of depression (r = −0.41 to −0.65), day-to-day functioning (r = −0.10 to −0.45), and pleasant events frequency (r = 0.18 to 0.51). Intraclass correlation between patient and caregiver reports was positive across all cognitive levels (r = 0.14 to 0.39). Conclusions The QOL-AD seems to be reliable and valid for individuals with MMSE scores greater than 10. Further research is needed to clarify the relationship between patient and caregiver reports of patient quality of life and to identify factors that influence quality of life throughout the progression of dementia.
Core formation and core composition from coupled geochemical and geophysical constraints

Significance We combine, for the first time to our knowledge, two approaches to study Earth’s core composition: a geochemical approach based on trace element depletion in the mantle and a geophysical approach based on a seismically lighter and faster (than pure iron−nickel) core. The joint approach allows making strong statements; first of all, as opposed to the current belief, Earth must have accreted material that is more oxidized than the present-day mantle, similar to that of planetesimals such as 4-Vesta, and got reduced to its present state during core formation. Secondly, core light-element concentrations in those conditions are 2.7% to 5% oxygen alongside 2% to 3.6% silicon; the oxygen concentrations in the core are higher than previously thought, and, conversely, silicon concentrations are lower than previous estimates. The formation of Earth’s core left behind geophysical and geochemical signatures in both the core and mantle that remain to this day. Seismology requires that the core be lighter than pure iron and therefore must contain light elements, and the geochemistry of mantle-derived rocks reveals extensive siderophile element depletion and fractionation. Both features are inherited from metal−silicate differentiation in primitive Earth and depend upon the nature of physiochemical conditions that prevailed during core formation. To date, core formation models have only attempted to address the evolution of core and mantle compositional signatures separately, rather than seeking a joint solution. Here we combine experimental petrology, geochemistry, mineral physics and seismology to constrain a range of core formation conditions that satisfy both constraints. We find that core formation occurred in a hot (liquidus) yet moderately deep magma ocean not exceeding 1,800 km depth, under redox conditions more oxidized than present-day Earth. This new scenario, at odds with the current belief that core formation occurred under reducing conditions, proposes that Earth’s magma ocean started oxidized and has become reduced through time, by oxygen incorporation into the core. This core formation model produces a core that contains 2.7–5% oxygen along with 2–3.6% silicon, with densities and velocities in accord with radial seismic models, and leaves behind a silicate mantle that matches the observed mantle abundances of nickel, cobalt, chromium, and vanadium.
The 1997 HTK broadcast news transcription system

This paper presents the recent development of the HTK broadcast news transcription system. Previously we have used data type specific modelling based on adapted Wall Street Journal trained HMMs. However, we are now using data for which no manual preclassification or segmentation is available and therefore automatic techniques are required and compatible acoustic modelling strategies must be adopted. A number of recognition experiments are presented that compare data-type specific and non-specific models; differing amounts of training data; the use of gender-dependent modelling and the effects of automatic data-type classification. Based on these experiments, the HTK system for the 1997 broadcast news evaluation was designed. A detailed description of this system is given which includes a class-based language modelling component. The complete system yields an overall word error rate of 22.0% on the 1996 unpartitioned broadcast news development test data and just 15.8% on the 1997 evaluation test set.
Hypermethylation of yeast telomerase RNA by the snRNA and snoRNA methyltransferase Tgs1

Telomerase in Saccharomyces cerevisiae consists of three protein subunits and the RNA moiety TLC1, which together ensure the complete replication of chromosome ends. TLC1 shares several features with snRNA, among them the presence of a trimethylguanosine (m3G) cap structure at the 5′ end of the RNA. Here, we report that the yeast snRNA and snoRNA methyltransferase Tgs1 is responsible for TLC1 m3G cap formation. The absence of Tgs1 caused changes in telomere length and structure, improved telomeric silencing and stabilized telomeric recombination. Genetic analyses implicated a role for the TLC1 m3G cap in the coordination between telomerase and DNA polymerase for end replication. Furthermore, tgs1Δ cells displayed a shortened replicative lifespan, suggesting that the loss of the m3G cap of TLC1 causes premature aging.
Evaluation of coma and vegetative states.

The Coma/Near-Coma (CNC) scale was designed to measure small clinical changes in patients with severe traumatic and nontraumatic brain injuries who were functioning at very low levels characteristic of near-vegetative and vegetative states. In 20 patients followed for 16 weeks the scale identified 25% who ultimately showed modest improvement. Interrater reliability was high (r = .95); validity was supported by significant correlations between CNC- and brain-multimodality evoked potential abnormality scores as well as between scores on the CNC and the Disability Rating Scale. The CNC scale was easily learned and it could be completed quickly and cost effectively. Staff found it useful in recognizing among relatively homogeneous low-level patients those most likely to respond to further rehabilitation care. The CNC appears to be useful for justifying ongoing intensive rehabilitation and for preventing premature transfer to lower levels of care.
Wireless Resource Scheduling Based on Backoff for Multiuser Multiservice Mobile Cloud Computing

Mobile cloud computing (MCC) can significantly improve the processing/storage capacity and standby time of mobile terminals by migrating data processing and storage to the remote cloud. However, due to the wireless resource limitations of access points/base stations, data streaming of MCC suffers poor quality-of-service (QoS) in multiuser multiservice scenarios, such as long buffering time and intermittent disruptions. In this paper, we propose a backoff-based wireless resource scheduling (BWRS) scheme, in which real-time services have higher priority than non-real-time services. BWRS can improve the QoS of real-time streams and the overall performance of MCC networks. We formulate an M/M/1 queueing model and propose a queueing-delay-optimal control algorithm to minimize the average queueing delay of non-real-time services. Furthermore, a delay-constrained control algorithm is developed not only to minimize the queueing delay of non-real-time services of multiservice users but to support users' non-real-time services under delay constraints as well. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can minimize the average queueing delay while still meeting the delay requirement and can significantly improve blocking probability and channel utilization.
Modelling chromosome missegregation in tumour evolution

Cancer is a disease in which the controls that usually ensure the coordinated behaviour of individual cells break down. This rarely happens all at once. Instead, the clone of cells that grows into a developing tumour is under high selection pressure, leading to the evolution of a complex and diverse population of related cells that have accumulated a wide range of genetic defects. One of the most evident but poorly characterized of these genetic abnormalities is a disorder in the number of chromosomes, or aneuploidy. Aneuploidy can arise though several different mechanisms. The project explores one such mechanism - chromosome missegregation during cell division- and its role in oncogenesis. To address the role that chromosome missegregation may have in the development of cancer a computational model was devised. We then defined the behaviour of individual cells, their genomes and a tissue niche, which could be used in simulations to explore the different types of cell behaviour likely to arise as the result of chromosome missegregation. This model was then used to better understand how defects in chromosome segregation affect cancer development and tumour evolution during cancer therapy. In stochastic simulations, chromosome missegregation events at cell division lead to the generation of a diverse population of aneuploid clones that over time exhibit hyperplastic growth. Significantly, the course of cancer evolution depends on genetic linkage, as the structure of chromosomes lost or gained through missegregation events and the level of genetic instability function in tandem to determine whether tumour growth is driven primarily by the loss of tumour suppressors or by the overexpression of oncogenes. As a result, simulated cancers diff er in their level of genetic stability and in their growth rates. We then used this system to investigate the consequences of these differences in tumour heterogeneity for anti¬cancer therapies based on surgery and anti-mitotic drugs that selectively target proliferating cells. Results show that simulated treatments induce a transient delay in tumour growth, and reveal a significant difference in the efficacy of different therapy regimes in treating genetically stable and unstable tumours. These data support clinical observations in which a poor prognosis is correlated with a high level of chromosome missegregation. However, simulations run in parallel also exhibit a wide range of behaviours, and the response of individual simulations (equivalent to single tumours) to anti-cancer therapy prove extremely variable. The model therefore highlights the difficulties of predicting the outcome of a given anti-cancer treatment, even in cases in which it is possible to determine the genotype of the entire set of cells within the developing tumour.
Hypergamy, Cross-Boundary Marriages, and Family Behavior

We study the rise in marriages between residents of HK and China following the handover of HK to China in 1997. Cross-boundary marriages accounted for almost half the marriages registered in HK in 2006. Because of large differences in male income between China and HK, marriages of HK men with Mainland women outnumbered those of HK women with mainland men sevenfold. Following the handover, HK women had lower marriage, higher divorce and higher emigration rates. These outcomes are predicted by our matching model and contradict the hypothesis that cross-boundary marriages were driven by rising education of HK women.
Radiation therapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration revisited

The success of anti-VEGF monotherapy for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has set new standards by which all new AMD therapies must be evaluated. Any new treatment for choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) due to AMD must be better than the current anti-VEGF agents, ranibizumab or bevacizumab, demonstrated either by significantly improved efficacy (ie, higher rates of visual improvement) or by a safer and/or more convenient mode of delivery. Combinations of therapies must also be evaluated according to these criteria. In this issue of the BJO , Avila and coauthors (see page 305) present the 12-month results of a study investigating the application of epiretinal radiation therapy in combination with bevacizumab for neovascular age-related macular degeneration.1 Early data on radiation as a treatment for choroidal neovascularisation were reported in the early 1990s.2 Subsequently, randomised trials utilising conventional external beam radiation at low doses were performed with disappointing results.3–4 Additionally, other studies of external beam irradiation using higher doses, various sources of brachytherapy and proton beam irradiation revealed conflicting results.6–11 The development of an intraocular strontium-90 applicator enabling delivery to a small volume of tissue involving the CNV complex has given new life to the idea of radiation treatment for CNV. Unlike the prior studies of other radiation modalities, this trial evaluates radiation in combination with the anti-VEGF …
Fluctuations of the corner growth model with geometric weights

The corner growth model describes a random region growing over time in the first quadrant of the plane, and is closely related to totally asymmetric simple exclusion process (TASEP), queues in series and last-passage percolation; we refer the reader to [26] for a detailed introduction. The discrete-time version of the model made its early appearances in [5], [19] and [25], and can be formulated as follows. Represent the first quadrant with N. Each site pi, jq P N receives a separate coin with tails probability q P p0, 1q. The region is initially empty and evolves according to the following rule. Each pi, jq waits for pi ́ 1, jq (if i ą 1) and pi, j ́ 1q (if j ą 1) to be in the region, then flips its coin at each time step onwards until heads comes up and immediately joins the region. Thus, if W pi, jq is the amount of time pi, jq spends for the coin flips, then the random variables tW pi, jq : i, j P Nu are independent and their joint distribution P satisfies
Changes in work intensification and intensified learning: challenge or hindrance demands?

Purpose – Increasing speed in many life domains is currently being discussed under the term “social acceleration” as a societal phenomenon which not only affects western societies, but may also lead to job demands arising from accelerated change. Demands such as work intensification and intensified learning and their changes over time may increase emotional exhaustion, but may also induce positive effects. The purpose of this paper is to examine how increases in demands arising from accelerated change affect employee well-being. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 587 eldercare workers provided data on work intensification and intensified learning as well as on exhaustion and job satisfaction at two points in time. Findings – Work intensification was negatively related to future job satisfaction and positively related to future emotional exhaustion, whereas intensified learning was positively associated with future job satisfaction and negatively with future emotional exhaustion. Social implications .
Effects of continuous supplementations of ascorbic acid, aspirin, vitamin E and selenium on some haematological parameters and serum superoxide dismutase level in broiler chickens

1. This study was conducted using male broiler chickens to determine the effects of ascorbic acid, aspirin, ascorbic acid+aspirin, vitamin E+selenium and ascorbic acid+aspirin+vitamin E+selenium supplementations on haematological parameters and serum superoxide dismutase concentration. 2. One hundred and twenty day-old male Hubbunt broiler chicks were randomly divided into 6 experimental groups of 20 chicks each and placed in different pens. Groups 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 were given a diet supplemented with ascorbic acid, aspirin (in water), ascorbic acid+aspirin, vitamin E+selenium and ascorbic acid+aspirin+vitamin E+selenium, respectively for 45 d while group 1 was given a commercial broiler diet. 3. There was no significant effect of ascorbic acid, aspirin, ascorbic acid+aspirin, vitamin E+selenium supplementations on any of the haematological parameters (red blood cell, haemoglobin, haematocrit, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, mean corpuscular haemoglobin) in broilers but ascorbic acid+aspirin+vitamin E+selenium supplementation significantly decreased the white blood cell counts. 4. In addition to this, ascorbic acid, aspirin, ascorbic acid+aspirin and ascorbic acid+aspirin+vitamin E+selenium supplementations had no significant effect on the serum superoxide dismutase level, but vitamin E+selenium supplementation increased the serum superoxide dismutase level.
Families, Social Support, and Self-Care among Older African-American Women with Chronic Illness

Purpose. This study describes the specific type and extent of social support provided by family members to older African-American women managing chronic disease. Design. Qualitative study with multiple in-depth interviews conducted over a 2-year time period. Setting. Participants were interviewed in their homes in a large Midwestern city. Participants. This was a purposeful study group of 12 middle-aged and older African-American women with diagnosed early-stage heart disease and other comorbidities. Methods. Data were collected on women's beliefs about their heart disease and their descriptions of how family members helped or inhibited their self-care practices. Women's descriptions of family social support were analyzed as to the type and influence. Results. Most women lived in interdependent, multigenerational situations with family members providing: instrumental support; a passive form of informational support based on family history of heart disease that was used to make health comparisons and evaluate heart health; and behavioral support, which emerged, in terms of reinforcement or discouragement of lifestyle behavior changes, as a sometimes significant barrier to practicing chronic illness self-care. Conclusion. These findings, while not statistically representative, demonstrate the significant influence that family members have on older women's chronic illness self-care activities. The positive and sometimes negative effects of living with multiple generations suggest the need for culturally relevant, family-based, chronic illness interventions for African-Americans.