Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression of S-100, EMA, CD34 and presence of mast cells in eight oral neurofibromas, and a review of 127 cases of the literature.

Introduction: The rarity of oral neurofibromas (ONs) generates problems regarding their epidemiological and immunohistochemical characterization. Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of different markers in ONs and review epidemiologic data reported in the literature. Material and methods: Clinicopathologic, immunohistochemical (markers S-100, epithelial membrane antigen [EMA], CD34) and histochemical (modified-Ziehl-Neelsen-method) studies were performed in eight cases of ON diagnosed in the Department of Pathology and Legal Medicine (DPML), Universidade Federal do Ceara (UFC), Ceara, Brazil, between 1994 and 2010. Results: Oral neurofibromas represented 0.2% of the oral lesions diagnosed by our service in 16 years, and the buccal mucosa was the most frequent oral site (71.4%). Seven (87.5%) and 8 (100.0%) cases were positive for S-100 and CD34, respectively, and none for EMA. Mast cells were identified in seven cases (87.5%). The literature search indicated that solitary ONs are more common and occur preferentially in females, affecting patients between 30 and 40 years old. The alveolar ridge is the most commonly involved site. Conclusion: S-100- and CD34 markers proved to be of great value as a diagnostic tool, unlike EMA staining. Identification of mast cells in most cases suggests their involvement in this tumor pathogenesis. The clinicopathologic data retrieved from the literature enabled the establishment of a more consistent epidemiological profile.
Noise correlations in data simultaneously acquired from multiple surface coil arrays

Multiple images acquired simultaneously from an array of surface coils can be combined to give a composite image with an improved signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR) and a large field of view. The composite images' SNR can be optimized by taking advantage of noise correlations between coils and phase shifts induced by surface coil reception. Methods are derived for making optimal composite images with uniform noise or with uniform sensitivity. A simplified model is used to provide an intuitive understanding of the interaction of noise correlation and phase shift phenomena. © 1990 Academic Press, Inc.
Perspectives and Experiences of Off-field Problematic Behaviour Among Elite New Zealand Athletes

In recent years, the off-field problematic behaviour of elite athletes has received considerable media interest and attention. However, such behaviour has been investigated largely in college/university athlete populations and has focused predominantly on specific sports and onfield behaviours. This qualitative study examined perspectives and experiences of off-field problematic behaviour among elite New Zealand athletes. Semi-structured interviews with 10 athletes (five female and five male) from seven sporting codes were completed. Interview transcripts were analysed and interpreted using thematic analysis. Five key themes emerged from the data, which provided insight into the development of off-field problematic behaviour in the current context and the wider consequences such behaviour has for athletes and others. The findings suggest that a range of off-field problematic behaviour is present within the elite New Zealand sporting environment. Alcohol misuse was the most prevalent type of behaviour discussed. A number of other problematic behaviours were also reported, such as risk-taking, violence, inappropriate sexual behaviour, disordered eating, and psychological manipulation. Participants’ definitions of ‘problematic behaviour’ were broad and included a number of less severe behaviours that were considered to be problematic within the elite sporting context. The main factors that appeared to increase the likelihood of off-field problematic behaviour were the influence of the media, pressures associated with professionalism, and the impact of management-athlete relationships. Having an elite public profile and the influence of drinking culture were identified as added pressures for participants, specific to the New Zealand sporting context. Furthermore, being on tour or competing overseas appeared to exacerbate potential vulnerabilities and provided unique opportunities for athletes to engage in off-field problematic behaviour. Numerous stressor factors appeared to have dual functions and, at times, also had protective value. Having stable support networks and positive athlete-coach relationships were protective factors central to the current study. Barriers to seeking help in relation to off-field problematic behaviour were also identified as an interesting finding in this study. Mistrust of professionals and breaches of confidentiality greatly impacted
Linkage Analysis and Association Mapping QTL Detection Models for Hybrids Between Multiparental Populations from Two Heterotic Groups: Application to Biomass Production in Maize (Zea mays L.)

Identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) involved in the variation of hybrid value is of key importance for cross-pollinated species such as maize (Zea mays L.). In a companion paper, we illustrated a new QTL mapping population design involving a factorial mating between two multiparental segregating populations. Six biparental line populations were developed from four founder lines in the Dent and Flint heterotic groups. They were crossed to produce 951 hybrids and evaluated for silage performances. Previously, a linkage analysis (LA) model that assumes each founder line carries a different allele was used to detect QTL involved in General and Specific Combining Abilities (GCA and SCA, respectively) of hybrid value. This previously introduced model requires the estimation of numerous effects per locus, potentially affecting QTL detection power. Using the same design, we compared this “Founder alleles” model to two more parsimonious models, which assume that (i) identity in state at SNP alleles from the same heterotic group implies identity by descent (IBD) at linked QTL (“SNP within-group” model) or (ii) identity in state implies IBD, regardless of population origin of the alleles (“Hybrid genotype” model). This last model assumes biallelic QTL with equal effects in each group. It detected more QTL on average than the two other models but explained lower percentages of variance. The “SNP within-group” model appeared to be a good compromise between the two other models. These results confirm the divergence between the Dent and Flint groups. They also illustrate the need to adapt the QTL detection model to the complexity of the allelic variation, which depends on the trait, the QTL, and the divergence between the heterotic groups.
Family and Human Development Across Cultures: A View From the Other Side

Contents: M. B. Smith, Foreword. Preface. Introduction. Part I:Human Development, Family, Culture. Development in Context. Socialization for Competence. Culture and Self. Family and Family Change. Part II:Induced Change: Early Enrichment. Induced Change: The Role of Psychology. Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE): An Overview. The Turkish Early Enrichment Project. Search for Integration and Policy Relevance.
DeepID3: Face Recognition with Very Deep Neural Networks

The state-of-the-art of face recognition has been significantly advanced by the emergence of deep learning. Very deep neural networks recently achieved great success on general object recognition because of their superb learning capacity. This motivates us to investigate their effectiveness on face recognition. This paper proposes two very deep neural network architectures, referred to as DeepID3, for face recognition. These two architectures are rebuilt from stacked convolution and inception layers proposed in VGG net and GoogLeNet to make them suitable to face recognition. Joint face identification-verification supervisory signals are added to both intermediate and final feature extraction layers during training. An ensemble of the proposed two architectures achieves 99.53% LFW face verification accuracy and 96.0% LFW rank-1 face identification accuracy, respectively. A further discussion of LFW face verification result is given in the end.
Compression-Based Regularization With an Application to Multitask Learning

This paper investigates, from information theoretic grounds, a learning problem based on the principle that any regularity in a given dataset can be exploited to extract compact features from data, i.e., using fewer bits than needed to fully describe the data itself, in order to build meaningful representations of a relevant content (multiple labels). We begin studying a multitask learning (MTL) problem from the average (over the tasks) of misclassification probability point of view and linking it with the popular cross-entropy criterion. Our approach allows an information theoretic formulation of an MTL problem as a supervised learning framework, in which the prediction models for several related tasks are learned jointly from common representations to achieve better generalization performance. More precisely, our formulation of the MTL problem can be interpreted as an information bottleneck problem with side information at the decoder. Based on that, we present an iterative algorithm for computing the optimal tradeoffs and some of its convergence properties are studied. An important feature of this algorithm is to provide a natural safeguard against overfitting, because it minimizes the average risk taking into account a penalization induced by the model complexity. Remarkably, empirical results illustrate that there exists an optimal information rate minimizing the excess risk, which depends on the nature and the amount of available training data. Applications to hierarchical text categorization and distributional word clusters are also investigated, extending previous works.
Alcohol-related brain damage: Narrative storylines and risk constructions

To date, the voice and experience of people with alcohol-related brain damage has been silent in the literature. Using narrative research methodology and a focus on risk and quality of life, this paper outlines the analysis of interviews with six people with alcohol-related brain damage who were resident on a specialist care unit for the condition. Of the six participants, four were interviewed twice in line with the study protocol and separate interviews were conducted with a key worker on the unit, a social worker and a relative of one of the female participants. Analysis of the interviews revealed three dominant, narrative storylines: Five Minute Memory; Fractured Lives; and Believing in Recovery. Risk was constructed and experienced in a variety of ways under each of these narrative storylines, but each participant was particularly vulnerable to the assimilation of alcohol-related brain damage as a component and projection of self and identity. In addition, the process of ‘prompting’ emerged as a way that care staff constructed and discharged their rehabilitative function on the care unit and worked to minimise risk factors. A more co-ordinated, robust and transparent funding, policy, education and service structure for people with alcohol-related brain damage is called for.
Automatic Identification of Non-Compositional Multi-Word Expressions using Latent Semantic Analysis

Making use of latent semantic analysis, we explore the hypothesis that local linguistic context can serve to identify multi-word expressions that have non-compositional meanings. We propose that vector-similarity between distribution vectors associated with an MWE as a whole and those associated with its constituent parts can serve as a good measure of the degree to which the MWE is compositional. We present experiments that show that low (cosine) similarity does, in fact, correlate with non-compositionality.
Food Composition of the Diet in Relation to Changes in Waist Circumference Adjusted for Body Mass Index

Background Dietary factors such as low energy density and low glycemic index were associated with a lower gain in abdominal adiposity. A better understanding of which food groups/items contribute to these associations is necessary. Objective To ascertain the association of food groups/items consumption on prospective annual changes in “waist circumference for a given BMI” (WCBMI), a proxy for abdominal adiposity. Design We analyzed data from 48,631 men and women from 5 countries participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Anthropometric measurements were obtained at baseline and after a median follow-up time of 5.5 years. WCBMI was defined as the residuals of waist circumference regressed on BMI, and annual change in WCBMI (ΔWCBMI, cm/y) was defined as the difference between residuals at follow-up and baseline, divided by follow-up time. The association between food groups/items and ΔWCBMI was modelled using centre-specific adjusted linear regression, and random-effects meta-analyses to obtain pooled estimates. Results Higher fruit and dairy products consumption was associated with a lower gain in WCBMI whereas the consumption of white bread, processed meat, margarine, and soft drinks was positively associated with ΔWCBMI. When these six food groups/items were analyzed in combination using a summary score, those in the highest quartile of the score – indicating a more favourable dietary pattern –showed a ΔWCBMI of −0.11 (95% CI −0.09 to −0.14) cm/y compared to those in the lowest quartile. Conclusion A dietary pattern high in fruit and dairy and low in white bread, processed meat, margarine, and soft drinks may help to prevent abdominal fat accumulation.
Factors and Coping Strategies that Impact Children and Adolescents with Alopecia Areata: An Exploratory Factor Analysis

FACTORS AND COPING STRATEGIES THAT IMPACT CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS WITH ALOPECIA AREATA: AN EXPLORATORY FACTOR ANALYSIS Janice J. Wolf, Ph.D. George Mason University, 2014 Dissertation Director: Dr. Pamela Hudson Baker People are often curious, and concerned when encountering individuals who are losing or have lost all of their hair. While hair loss is mostly associated with individuals undergoing chemotherapy, alopecia areata (AA) also causes individuals to lose the hair on their scalp and elsewhere on the body. This loss can be particularly devastating to children and adolescents, and can affect their psychological well-being. This research proposed to explore the factors that impact children and adolescents with AA as well as the coping strategies they use. A mixed method research design was used to combine survey data with interview transcripts and field notes to capture a more detailed picture of AA and its effect on children and adolescents. The 56-question survey included nine demographic items, four independent variable items (age, gender, age of onset, duration of diagnosis) and 43 dependent variable items (28 assessing impact factors, 15 assessing coping strategies). The interview protocol included seven questions with field notes that helped to document observations indicating appearance, emotions, and body language. Two exploratory factor analyses revealed five impact factors and five types of coping strategies, which linked to both the literature overview and qualitative findings. The impact factors identified were: Confidence/Self-Esteem, Psychological Effects, Appearance/Acceptance, Socialization, and Communication. The coping strategies identified were: Physiological, Cover-up/Avoidance, Outside Support, Social Network, and Family Support. Female participants reported significantly greater difficulty adjusting and managing AA than did their male counterparts. No significant differences were present based on having AA for a short time or a long time. Younger participants expressed significantly lower psychological impacts than did mid-level or older participants. Participants with later onset of AA reported having a significantly more difficult time adjusting to their new appearance than those having earlier onset. The item offering the greatest frequency of response overall was the support of family and friends. The prompt, My family help support me received a 98% (agree/strongly agree) response. The least frequently cited response was to the question, I have had individual counseling for my AA at 22.4% (agree/strongly agree). The emergent themes from the qualitative analysis centered on the topics of: Acceptance, social issues, and coping. Providing education and awareness can help alleviate misconceptions about this condition.
Teachers' Perception of Children's Behavioral Adjustment in Tanzanian Preprimary Schools and Their Relationship to Teachers' Cultural Beliefs Regarding Obedience, Cooperation, and Play

This article addresses teachers' perception of behavioral adjustment in preprimary school children and how they relate to teachers' cultural beliefs and to the behavioral management strategies used by the teachers. The sample consisted of 120 preprimary teachers from 60 schools in 3 regions of the mainland of Tanzania. Teachers' perception of children's behavioral adjustment and teachers' behavioral management strategies were reported by teachers through interviews, whereas teachers' cultural beliefs were measured by questionnaires. About 70% of the teachers perceived children to display externalizing behaviors in class, which ranged from moderate (13%) to high (60%) proportions of children, and teachers reported applying supportive and restrictive behavioral management strategies to stimulate behavioral adjustment in children. Teachers' use of a restrictive behavioral management strategy was positively related to teachers' perception of children's externalizing behaviors. Furthermore, children in urban schools were perceived to display more externalizing behaviors than children in rural schools. It is argued that current urbanization processes are affecting traditional, collectivist educational strategies in Tanzania. Implications for future research and educational policy are discussed.
Cognitive Orientation to (Daily) Occupational Performance: Changes in Strategy and Session Time Use over the Course of Intervention

Cognitive Orientation to (daily) Occupational Performance (CO-OP) is a cognitive intervention that was developed to assist children with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) enhance their motor performance in everyday activities. Using a computer-based analysis of 10 videotaped treatment sessions for each of four boys with DCD who were 6 to 9 years of age, this study investigated changes in cognitive strategy use and session time use over the course of intervention. Cognitive strategy use focused on the child's use of global and domain-specific strategies during intervention. Session time use referred to the duration of Talking About Task (describing the task or plans that will be executed), Practicing Task (actually doing the task or activity), and Dual Tasking (both talking and doing) coded during video segments observations. Trends in strategy and session time use over 10 sessions appeared to be child- and goal-specific, with few systematic patterns observed. This article discusses the use of specific strategies over time both within and across the four participants. Individual results were varied and highlight the unique child—task—environment interactions that occur during intervention, reinforcing the individualized and client-centered focus of the CO-OP.
An Exploration of the Utilization of Supervision Feedbacks: The Case of Some Secondary Schools in Jimma Zone

The purpose of this qualitative case study is to explore how secondary schools use the feedback they receive from the supervisors. Qualitative approach is holistic, contextual and focuses on design, and procedures to gain real, rich and deep data to have a wide understanding of the entire situation which is also applicable to this study. With this understanding therefore, qualitative approach was employed for this study. Accordingly, data were collected from Woreda education offices, school administration board, principals, vice-principals, supervisors, department heads, and senior teachers through in depth interview, FGD and document analysis. Then, the data were analyzed qualitatively theme by theme through narrative descriptions. The finding revealed that, there no difference among the schools concerning the importance of utilizing supervision feedbacks in improving teaching learning activities in schools. On the contrary, the actual utilization of supervision feedback is not as per the intended in all the schools under the study which indicates supervision feedback utilization is under challenge. Thus, majority of the schools have mentioned the followings as problems. These are supervision roles are simplified by the respective offices, low readiness of teachers to positively see the comments of supervisor, supervisor's lack of supervision skills to supervise teachers in giving objective feedback, lack of close cooperation from the side of Woreda education offices. They are criticizing the school being at a distance rather than arranging conditions to work in collaboration. Finally, measures to be taken by the concerned bodies to alleviate the problems were suggested both by research participants and researchers.
Landscape, mobility, practice

This paper is an edited transcript of a panel discussion on ‘Landscape, Mobility and Practice’ which was held at the Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers) Annual Conference in September 2006. In the paper the panel engage with the work of geographers and others who have been drawing upon theories of practice to explore issues of mobility and how we encounter, apprehend, inhabit and move through landscapes. The contributors discuss the usefulness of conceptions of landscape vis-à-vis place and space, and different traditions of apprehending, practising and articulating the more-than-representational dimensions of landscapes. The panel discuss the entwining of issues of power and politics with different representations, practices and understandings of landscape/landscaping, and a number of the panellists position their thinking on the politics of landscape in relation to recent work on the politics of affect.
Transmission Rate Scheduling and Stopping Time for Time-Sensitive Multicast Stream Traffic in Cellular Networks

Opportunistic multicast schemes for time-sensitive stream traffic are studied for cellular networks where erasure coded packets are transmitted over discrete-time quasi-static forward-link fading channels. Assume that to successfully decode a transmitted stream fragment, it suffices that one receives k packets from the fragment. Two important issues are thus raised on when to stop transmitting a fragment and how to minimize the stopping time (ST) through transmission rate scheduling. Based on available channel state information and scheduled history, we tackle them particularly for small k required for short latency. If the distribution of IID channel states is available, the scheme is to compute and use the optimal constant transmission rate and minimum fixed ST subject to a reliability constraint. We show that the minimum ST grows with the logarithm of multicast group size. If channel state information is available, we propose to minimize random ST through selecting each optimal instantaneous transmission rate for a utility function. The utility function is specifically designed to exploit system transient states and dynamics. Results show that the scheme with an exponential weighted residual work achieves the least mean ST but the scheme maximizing instantaneous effective sum throughput has an edge of low complexity.