Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Laboratory Evidence on How Managers Intuitively Value Real Growth Options

We asked 82 experienced managers to value, in effect, a set of real options, by taking decisions on invented case studies. The classic Black Scholes model should set an upper bound for rational valuations of these options (since it assumes a risk neutral discount rate, which may be optimistic). The managers valued their options erratically, and generally optimistically, though their responses to changes in moneyness, volatility and maturity tended to be in the 'correct' directions. Oil industry managers over-valued least, relative to Black-Scholes, and Brewery managers most. Questionnaires explored managers' perceptions of the real option parameters encountered in their workplaces. Copyright Blackwell Publishers Ltd 1997.
Growth and Redistribution: Is there 'Trickle Down' Effect in the Philippines?

This paper aims to explore the determinants of household income and expenditure growth, and assess whether the poor are benefiting from economic development. Using regression analysis, five factors were examined: (1) location of the household, (2) access to infrastructure, (3) changes in rice prices, (4) peace situation, and (5) initial household endowments. The most important finding is that impacts of the five factors vary significantly across households belonging to different income groups--the rich benefit more than the poor. This calls for an effective policy intervention in targeting the poor.
Innovation policy at the local and national levels: The case of Emilia‐Romagna

Abstract The article describes the main Italian policy instruments for innovation and how these have been used by companies located in the Region of Emilia‐Romagna. It also describes the role played by structures set up at the local level in the enactment of innovation policies in Emilia‐Romagna. In the first part, the article analyzes the current organization and legislation of Italian innovation policy; and in the second part, it examines the reasons which have led to the recognition of the importance of the local level of innovation policy, looking more closely at innovation initiatives in the Region of Emilia‐Romagna. In the third part, it draws the conclusions. In particular the article underlines that Italian local governments, even without legislative and financial autonomy, can play an important role in modernizing the industrial system through initiatives which do not require vast sums of money but which identify and meet specific local needs.
Impairing the microRNA biogenesis pathway induces proteome modifications characterized by size bias and enrichment in antioxidant proteins

Perturbation of individual microRNAs, or of the microRNA pathway, plays a role in carcinogenesis. In certain cancer cells, inhibition of the microRNA biogenesis pathway leads to a growth arrest state (CoGAM for Colony Growth Arrest induced by Microprocessor inhibition), which can be rescued by re‐expression of individual microRNAs such as miR‐20a. We now report that inhibition of the microRNA biogenesis pathway induced proteome changes characterized by a size bias in differentially expressed proteins, with induction of small proteins and inhibition of large ones. This size bias was observed in cells undergoing CoGAM, as well as in CoGAM‐resistant cells, and in CoGAM‐sensitive cells rescued by miR‐20a. In this case, GO analysis of induced proteins identified by mass spectrometry revealed a significant enrichment in proteins involved in resistance to oxidative stress. In addition, H2O2 treatment of Saccharomyces cerevisiae or mammalian cells led to similarly size‐biased proteome modifications. Our results point to size bias as a relevant readout of proteome modifications, in particular in conditions of stress such as inhibition of the microRNA biogenesis pathway or oxidative stress. They also suggest research avenues to study the role of the microRNA pathway in proteostasis.
Determining competitive advantage: The analytic hierarchy process

Fundamental changes initiated by globalisation, new technologies, intensive competition, fluctuating demand of consumers, as well as economical and political changes encourage managers to be pro‐active, take greater risks and choose innovative strategies. Besides that, a company's ability to gain competitive advantage becomes an urgent problem. However, the managers lack a clear approach to the determination of competitive advantage. That is why the article analyses some important aspects concerning company's competitive advantage and presents the results of the determination of company's competitive advantage by using analytic hierarchy process.
LAB/NTAL/Lat2: a force to be reckoned with in all leukocytes?

LAB/NTAL/Lat2 is a transmembrane adaptor protein closely related to LAT. It is expressed in various myeloid and lymphoid cells, many of which also express LAT. Phosphorylation of LAB occurs following engagement of various ITAM‐ and non‐ITAM‐linked receptors and can play positive and negative roles following receptor engagement. LAT binds PLCγ directly, resulting in efficient Ca2+ flux and degranulation. However, LAB does not contain a PLCγ‐binding motif and only binds PLCγ indirectly, possibly via Grb2, thereby resulting in suboptimal signaling. As LAT can signal more efficiently than LAB, competition between the 2 for space/substrates in the lipid rafts can attenuate signaling. This competition model requires coexpression of LAT; however, LAB is repressive, even in cells lacking substantial LAT expression such as macrophages and mature B cells. The reported interaction between LAB and the ubiquitin E3‐ligase c‐Cbl suggests 1 possible mechanism for LAT‐independent inhibition by LAB, but such a model requires further investigation. Given the wide‐reaching expression pattern of LAB, LAB has the ability to modulate signaling in virtually every type of leukocyte. Regardless of its ultimate mode of action, the potent regulatory capability of LAB proves this protein to be a complex adaptor that warrants continued, substantial scrutiny by biochemists and immunologists alike.
Lives on the boundary : a moving account of the struggles and achievements of America's educationally underprepared

Searching for a lot of marketed publication or reading source worldwide? We supply them done in layout kind as word, txt, kindle, pdf, zip, rar and ppt. one of them is this professional lives on the boundary a moving account of the struggles and achievements of americas educationally un derprepared that has actually been composed by Still puzzled how you can get it? Well, merely review online or download by registering in our site here. Click them.
The Effects of Trade with Developing Countries on the Regional Demand for Skill in the U.S.: Evidence from County Data

Using county-level data from the 1980s and 1990s and a county-level trade measure that incorporates the county's industrial mix and patterns of international trade across industries, I provide new evidence that trade with developing countries raises the demand for skill and the skill premium in the U.S. Consistent with Heckscher–Ohlin, I find that trade driven by differences in factor endowments has an economically significant impact on local labor markets. The evidence suggests that when trade with developing countries rises, counties with higher skill endowment and greater employment in industries with larger trade shares experience greater relative demand for high-skilled labor.
Against the Wind: Bargaining Recentralisation and Wage Inequality in Norway 1987-91

In the late 1980s, Norway's labor market experienced similar supply and demand shifts for skills to other countries but, unlike other OECD nations, Norway's wage setting system became more centralized. The pay distribution in Norway became more compressed at the bottom from 1987 to 1991, while low wage workers in other countries lost ground relatively. Using Norwegian microdata for 1987 and 1991, the author found that changing labor market prices helped cause this wage compression. Further, the less educated had declining relative overall employment but increasing relative public sector employment, both possible labor market responses to the wage compression.
Antecedents of Destination Brand Loyalty for a Long-Haul Market: Australia's Destination Loyalty Among Chilean Travelers

ABSTRACT Limited extant research examines Latin American consumers' perceptions of holiday destinations. This article measures destination brand equity for Australia as a long-haul destination in the emerging Chilean market. Specifically, it develops a model of consumer-based brand equity (CBBE) to explain attitudinal destination loyalty. The proposed model is tested using data from a sample of Chilean travelers. The findings suggest that brand salience, brand image, and brand value are positively related to brand loyalty for Australia. Further, while brand salience for Australia is strong, as a long-haul destination the country faces significant challenges in converting awareness into intent to visit. Australia is a more compelling destination brand for previous visitors than nonvisitors. This implies that a word-of-mouth recommendation from previous visitors, a key component of attitudinal loyalty, is a positive indicator of future growth opportunities for Australia's destination marketers to capitalize on.
CyaC-mediated activation is important not only for toxic but also for protective activities of Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase-hemolysin

Bordetella pertussis adenylate cyclase-hemolysin (AC-Hly), encoded by the cyaA gene, belongs to the RTX family of toxins with extensive glycine-rich repeats in the carboxy-terminal portion. AC-Hly possesses both adenylate cyclase toxic and hemolytic activities that depend on a posttranslational modification mediated by the product of the cyaC gene. An improved system for AC-Hly synthesis and activation in Escherichia coli was developed. The results show that with purified AC-Hly (i) increased expression of the cyaC gene leads to a higher proportion of activated AC-Hly, (ii) the increase in protective activity of the activated recombinant AC-Hly correlates with the increase in its invasive and hemolytic activities, and (iii) the activated recombinant AC-Hly, but not the nonactivated recombinant AC-Hly, is a protective antigen against B. pertussis infection in a murine respiratory model. This suggests that possibly an immunodominant epitope required for protective activity is linked to the CyaC-mediated modification. Surprisingly, the protective and hemolytic activities of activated recombinant AC-Hly were lower than those of AC-Hly produced by B. pertussis, while its invasive activity was higher. This indicates that the modification of AC-Hly in B. pertussis and that in E. coli may differ.
The use of CRF-41 in the differential diagnosis of Cushing's syndrome and obesity.

The use of a standard CRF test, using 100 micrograms i.v. synthetic ovine CRF-41, has been assessed in 22 patients with surgically-proven Cushing's disease and one patient with the ectopic ACTH syndrome secondary to a bronchial carcinoid. Three of the 22 patients, and the single patient with the ectopic ACTH syndrome, failed to produce a rise in serum cortisol to above the normal range in response to CRF-41. However, 18/22 patients with Cushing's disease had an enhanced cortisol response to CRF, including four patients who were resistant to high-dose dexamethasone. One patient with Cushing's disease responded to CRF-41 with an excessive cortisol response on one occasion, and a rise within the normal range on a second. Ten patients with simple obesity (mean weight 101 kg) were given CRF 0.5 microgram/kg, and their results compared to a control group of seven normal weight females (mean weight 58 kg). Peak serum cortisol responses to CRF were significantly less than in the control group, even when the dose was increased to 1 microgram/kg in six of the obese patients. Peak plasma ACTH responses were not significantly different between control and patient groups. It is concluded that the serum cortisol response to CRF is enhanced in the majority (but not all) of patients with Cushing's disease, and is attenuated in simple obesity. The reason for this attenuation requires further study.
Optimal spinning reserve procurement using demand response in simultaneous clearing process

The objective of this paper is to study the effect of Demand Response (DR) in the optimal spinning reserve scheduling process. A probabilistic method is proposed which considers the probabilistic nature of contingencies and the value that customers consider for their electricity consumption continuity. The method does not use any pre defined external reliability index constraint or risk proxy as the criteria and considers interruption cost explicitly in the objective function. In this paper also the effect of single and double outage consideration in the interruption cost and its effect on DR utilization have been analyzed. The method has been tested on a 7 unit test case and the numerical results have been presented.
Assessing the sustainability of London based black African SMEs

This study seeks to assess the sustainability of black African Small/Medium Enterprises (BASMEs) in London – by identifying how several unique factors might impinge on their propensity to flourish, falter or fail. In acknowledging the importance of break‐out to the sustainability of these businesses, this study explores whether an escapist mindset and low levels of acculturation could impinge on an entrepreneur’s willingness to overcome embeddedness, by reducing dependence on community linkages. Combining a synthesis of existing literature with a modicum of empirical research, this study finds that majority of the respondents were not “escapists entrepreneurs”. However, the escapists were more likely to operate businesses which may be failure‐prone as they were more likely to neglect pre‐start‐up preparations, less likely to approach institutional support systems for business support and more likely to favour embeddedness. Furthermore, acculturation levels were not found to have any effect on the entrepreneurs’ attitudes towards overcoming embeddedness and approaching institutions for business support. This study has both practical and social implications – as outlined in the main body of the paper.
Economic and Social Impact of Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM) Scheme: A Case Study in Kedah and Terengganu

Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM) was established in 1987. The main objective of its establishment was to uplift households out of poverty through providing small loan to the rural poor. Most studies of AIM have concentrated only on the impact of this scheme on its members. They do not compare the conditions with non‐members within the same community. This paper attempts to analyse an economic and social impact of AIM in the selected areas in Kedah and Terengganu. The analysis will be based on the data collected in 1993, which comprise 100 respondents of which 60 respondents are members of AIM and the other 40 are non‐members and 20 non‐members and the other 50 respondents in Terengganu with the same composition. Since the data comprises of members and non‐members of AIM, the comparative analysis of economic and social impact is made possible. Aspects that will be emphasised include levels of income, expenditure, decision‐making process, empowerment for instant ownership of asset and saving, self‐esteem and health and participation in social, economic and political organisations.
How technological capability influences business performance

Purpose – This study seeks to address three research questions: how technology capability impact business performance? Does the linkage between technology capability and business performance depend on specific contexts? Why do some high‐tech firms of strong technological capability fail? Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws on various theoretical perspectives to develop hypotheses that propose a direct relationship between technological capability and business performance (both new product development and overall business performance), the mediating role of customer value, the possible moderating effects of business environment and other important contingent factors such as learning orientation. A conceptual framework is devised and tested that examines these relationships in general and in various contexts, which is believed more important and useful for firms to manage their technological capability more effectively.Findings – Findings from high‐tech firms in China confirm the validity of the fr.
Distinct Interactions of Human β1- and β2-Adrenoceptors with Isoproterenol, Epinephrine, Norepinephrine, and Dopamine

Fluorescence studies with purified human β2-adrenoceptor (β2AR) revealed that the endogenous catecholamines, (-)-epinephrine (EPI), (-)-norepinephrine (NE), and dopamine (DOP), stabilize distinct active receptor conformations. However, the functional relevance of these ligand-specific conformations is as yet poorly understood. We addressed this question by studying fusion proteins of the β1-adrenoceptor (β1AR) and β2AR with the short and long splice variants of Gsα (GsαS and GsαL), respectively. Fusion proteins ensure efficient receptor/G-protein coupling and defined stoichiometry of the coupling partners. EPI, NE, DOP, and the prototypical synthetic βAR agonist, (-)-isoproterenol (ISO), showed marked differences in their efficacies at stabilizing the high-affinity ternary complex at β1AR-Gsα and β2AR-Gsα fusion proteins. Ternary complex formation was more sensitive to disruption by GTP with the β2AR than with the β1AR. Generally, in steady-state GTPase assays, ISO, EPI, and NE were full agonists, and DOP was a partial agonist. Exceptionally, at β1AR-GsαL, NE was only a partial agonist. Generally, in adenylyl cyclase assays, ISO, EPI, and NE were full agonists, and DOP was a partial agonist. At β2AR-GsαL, NE was only a partial agonist. There was no correlation between efficacy at stabilizing the ternary complex and activating GTPase, and there were also dissociations between Ki values for high-affinity agonist binding and EC50 values for GTPase activation. In contrast to synthetic partial agonists, DOP did not exhibit increased efficacy at βAR-GsαL versus βAR-GsαS fusion proteins. In conclusion, our data with βAR-Gsα fusion proteins show that endogenous catecholamines and ISO stabilize distinct conformations in the β1AR and β2AR.
Glycaemic index of different coconut (Cocos nucifera)-flour products in normal and diabetic subjects

The glycaemic index (GI) of commonly consumed bakery products supplemented with increasing levels of coconut (Cocos nucifera) flour was determined in ten normal and ten diabetic subjects. Using a randomized crossover design, the control and test foods were fed in random order on separate occasions after an overnight fast. Blood samples were collected through finger prick before and after feeding and were analysed for glucose levels using a clinical chemistry analyser. The significantly low-GI (< 60) foods investigated were: macaroons (GI 45·7 (sem 3·0)) and carrot cake (GI 51·8 (sem 3·3)), with 200–250 g coconut flour/kg (P<0·05). The test foods with 150 g coconut flour/kg had GI ranging from 61·3 to 71·4. Among the test foods, pan de sal (GI 87·2 (sem 5·5)) and multigrain loaf (GI 85·2 (sem 6·8)) gave significantly higher GI with 50 and 100 g coconut flour/kg respectively (P<0·05). On the other hand, granola bar and cinnamon bread with 50 and 100 g coconut flour/kg respectively gave a GI ranging from 62·7 to 71·6 and did not differ significantly from the test foods with 150 g coconut flour/kg (P < 0·05). A very strong negative correlation (r– 0·85, n 11, P < 0·005) was observed between the GI and dietary fibre content of the test foods supplemented with coconut flour. In conclusion, the GI of coconut flour-supplemented foods decreased with increasing levels of coconut flour and this may be due to its high dietary fibre content. The results of the present study may form a scientific basis for the development of coconut flour as a functional food. However, the fat content of coconut flour-supplemented food should always be considered to optimize the functionality of coconut fibre in the proper control and management of diabetes mellitus.
Investment decisions and the role of debt, liquid assets and cash flow: evidence from Italian panel data

In this paper we study the consequences of imperfect substitutability between internal and external sources of finance for firmś real decisions. The relationship between financial variables and investment when capital markets are imperfect is analysed at both the theoretical and empirical level, using two panels of individual Italian firms. Under the hypothesis that the firm incurs costs of agency and financial distress, we derive both a Q and a Euler equation model for investment, which are then estimated together with a more loosely specified investment equation. The empirical results provide support for a significant departure from the hypothesis of perfect substitutability between internal and external sources of finance.
Seasonal Resource Selection and Distributional Response by Elk to Development of a Natural Gas Field

Abstract Global energy demand is predicted to increase dramatically, suggesting the need to understand the role of disturbance from energy development better and to develop more efficient conservation strategies for affected wildlife populations. We evaluated elk (Cervus elaphus) response to disturbance associated with natural gas development in summer and winter, including shifts in resource selection and concomitant distribution. We collected elk locations prior to (1992–1995) and during (2008–2010) coal bed natural gas (CBNG) development in the ∼ 498-km2 Fortification Creek Area (FCA) of northeastern Wyoming, USA, where approximately 700 CBNG wells and 542 km of collector, local, and resource roads were developed from 2000 through 2010. We developed resource selection functions for summer and winter using coordinate data from VHF-collared female elk prior to CBNG development and similar location data from GPS-collared female elk during CBNG development to assess spatial selection shifts. By pooling across all locations we created population level models for each time period (e.g., pre- and during development) and incorporated individual variation through bootstrapping standard errors for parameter estimates. Comparison of elk resource selection prior to and during natural gas development demonstrated behavioral and distributional shifts whereby during development, elk demonstrated a higher propensity to use distance and escape cover to minimize exposure to roads. Specifically, during-development elk selected areas with greater Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus scopulorum Sarg.) cover, increased terrain ruggedness, and farther from CBNG roads than prior to development. Elk distributional changes resulting from avoidance behavior led to a loss of high-use areas by 43.1% and 50.2% in summer and winter, respectively. We suggest reducing traffic, protecting woody escape cover, and maintaining refugia within the energy-development footprint to promote persistence of elk within energy fields.
Revisiting the one type permanent shocks hypothesis: Aggregate fluctuations in a multi-sector economy

This paper relies on sectoral-level data to interpret aggregate fluctuations of labor productivity and employment in US as due to exogenous disturbances. A shock determining permanent effect on the real investment good price may reasonably be interpreted as an investment-specific technology shock, since it mainly produces long-run effect on labor productivity in the durable goods producing sector. A transitory shock on the real investment price may instead be interpreted as a sectorneutral disturbance since it homogeneously affects the labor productivity across sectors. Finally, sectoral evidence suggests that the near-zero correlation between aggregate productivity and employment growth rates may be explained as the overall outcome of positive and negative correlations within, respectively, the durable and nondurable goods producing sectors.