Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi-Query Optimization for Subgraph Isomorphism Search

Existing work on subgraph isomorphism search mainly focuses on a-query-at-a-time approaches: optimizing and answering each query separately. When multiple queries arrive at the same time, sequential processing is not always the most efficient. In this paper, we study multi-query optimization for subgraph isomorphism search. We first propose a novel method for efficiently detecting useful common sub-graphs and a data structure to organize them. Then we propose a heuristic algorithm based on the data structure to compute a query execution order so that cached intermediate results can be effectively utilized. To balance memory usage and the time for cached results retrieval, we present a novel structure for caching the intermediate results. We provide strategies to revise existing single-query subgraph isomorphism algorithms to seamlessly utilize the cached results, which leads to significant performance improvement. Extensive experiments verified the effectiveness of our solution.
Delivery of herpesvirus and adenovirus to nude rat intracerebral tumors after osmotic blood-brain barrier disruption.

The delivery of viral vectors to the brain for treatment of intracerebral tumors is most commonly accomplished by stereotaxic inoculation directly into the tumor. However, the small volume of distribution by inoculation may limit the efficacy of viral therapy of large or disseminated tumors. We have investigated mechanisms to increase vector delivery to intracerebral xenografts of human LX-1 small-cell lung carcinoma tumors in the nude rat. The distribution of Escherichia coli lacZ transgene expression from primary viral infection was assessed after delivery of recombinant virus by intratumor inoculation or intracarotid infusion with or without osmotic disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). These studies used replication-compromised herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV; vector RH105) and replication-defective adenovirus (AdRSVlacZ), which represent two of the most commonly proposed viral vectors for tumor therapy. Transvascular delivery of both viruses to intracerebral tumor was demonstrated when administered intraarterially (i.a.) after osmotic BBB disruption (n = 9 for adenovirus; n = 7 for HSV), while no virus infection was apparent after i.a. administration without BBB modification (n = 8 for adenovirus; n = 4 for HSV). The thymidine kinase-negative HSV vector infected clumps of tumor cells as a result of its ability to replicate selectively in dividing cells. Osmotic BBB disruption in combination with i.a. administration of viral vectors may offer a method of global delivery to treat disseminated brain tumors.
Cardiac Biomarkers in Haemodialysis Patients: The Prognostic Value of Amino-Terminal Pro-B-Type Natriuretic Peptide and Cardiac Troponin T

Cardiac biomarkers such as amino-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and cardiac troponin T (cTNT) provide information on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with normal renal function. In a considerable number of chronic haemodialysis patients, both biomarkers – NT-proBNP and cTNT – are elevated despite the absence of cardiac ischaemia. The elevation of cardiac biomarkers in chronic haemodialysis patients is of prognostic value with respect to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. They provide a useful rationale for the screening of occult cardiac disease and optimization of the dialysis procedure with respect to volume control.
What did they expect? Exploring a link between students’ expectations, attendance and attrition on English language enhancement courses

This article reports on and discusses the findings of an investigation carried out to explore the expectations of an English language enhancement course (ELEC) held by a group of undergraduate students at an Australian university. For the study, a mixed-methods approach was utilised, with two instruments: a survey with a combination of closed- and open-ended questions and semi-structured interviews. The research was guided by the following three questions: (1) What do the students expect to learn on the course? (2) How are they developing their expectations? (3) Are the students’ expectations being met? The literature concerning student expectations foregrounds the complexity and multi-faceted nature of the concept, the satisfaction of which can impact on student engagement, satisfaction, performance, retention and attrition. Findings show that the participants’ expectations of the course content and teaching staff were largely met; nonetheless, a lack of class attendance was noted throughout. Expectations were reported to have been developed largely through consultation with previous students of the course (43 per cent) and information materials provided by the university (42 per cent). The article concludes with a discussion regarding the implications of the findings for universities and education providers both in Australia and abroad.
Levels of measured hopelessness in the general population

Beck's Hopelessness scale was administered to a sample of 400 randomly selected adults in order to derive norms for the scale for the general population. The mean HS score was 4·45 with a standard deviation of 3·9, approximately one standard deviation lower than the reported means for clinical groups. The relationship between HS scores and the demographic variables, sex, age, socio-economic status and marital status, was also examined.
Aged mouse ovaries possess rare premeiotic germ cells that can generate oocytes following transplantation into a young host environment

Of all the major organ systems in the body, the ovaries of females are the first to exhibit impaired function with advancing age. Until recently, traditional thinking was that female mammals are provided with a non-renewable pool of oocyte-containing follicles at birth that are depleted during postnatal life to exhaustion, driving ovarian failure. However, a growing body of evidence, including the isolation of germline stem cells (GSC) from adult mouse ovaries that produce developmentally-competent oocytes, has challenged this belief. In addition, rare germline stem-like cells capable of generating oocytes in vitro that undergo parthenogenesis to form blastocyst-like structures have recently been identified in postmenopausal human ovaries. Here we show that the germline-specific meiosis-commitment genes,Stimulated by retinoic acid gene 8 (Stra8) and Deleted in azoospermia-like (Dazl), are highly expressed in aged mouse ovaries. However, histological and marker analyses fail to demonstrate the presence of oocytes, supporting that Stra8 and Dazl are expressed in premeiotic germ cells that do not undergo further differentiation. Through the use of aged germline-specific GFP-expressing transgenic mice, we further show that these germ cells can generate GFP-positive oocytes that co-express the primordial oocyte marker NOBOX and form follicles when grafted into young adult wild-type female hosts. Thus, aged mouse ovaries possess a rare population of premeiotic germ cells that retain the capacity to form oocytes if exposed to a young host environment.
Public Agencies, Gendered Organizations: The future of gender studies in public management

Abstract Studying gendered norms, practices, and processes represents the future of research on gender in public management, not tracking numbers over time. Gendered norms are rules governing behaviour that are institutionalized in organizational practices and processes, and are produced and reproduced through repeated interpersonal interactions. Theories of gendered norms have been developed in sociology, but it must be public administrationists who refine them for public-sector organizations, because the government context is unique, and equity is the third pillar upon which public administration rests. We conclude with a discussion of research projects taking a gendered-organizations approach and propose topics for further inquiry.
World of Empowered IoT Users

In a world deploying an Internet of Things, sensors and actuators are owned, accessed, and activated by a plethora of individuals and organizations. Access to the data produced by this world can both be beneficial and have drawbacks to society. This data potentially represents the activities of millions of individuals and their possessions collected by billions of "things'. Aggregations of this data can be analyzed through the Internet and Clouds. This raises possible privacy, security, moral and ethical challenges whose solutions will require flexible protection mechanisms. How do we "acquire" and "distribute" data at the IoT world scale while retaining the rights of individuals and organizations to protect, use, and share their data? Clearly a well-defined mechanism and control needs to regulate access to the data and its aggregations. Our paper describes a user-centric multi-level multiple granularity mechanism to share the data from these devices to people and organizations. Revisiting the fundamental mechanisms in security for providing protection, our solution uses capabilities, access lists, and access rights following well-understood formal notions for reasoning about access. Our contribution is to describe an auditable, transparent, distributed, decentralized, publication-subscription based, robust mechanism and automation of these ideas in the IoT realm that is well-matched to the current generation of clouds. It is based on well-tested principles and practices used in crypto currencies exploiting block chains of transactions. The scheme puts users (including organizational entities) in the center of control over the access to their collections of sensory data. In our paper, we describe a deployment of these ideas for health care, smart cities, and autonomous cars.
Long-term, open-label, safety study of once-daily ropinirole extended/prolonged release in early and advanced Parkinson's disease

Long-term safety of once-daily ropinirole extended/prolonged release (ropinirole XL/PR) was evaluated in subjects with early and advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) in this study, 101468/248. Subjects (n = 419) who completed one of three prior studies evaluating ropinirole XL/PR for the treatment of PD were enrolled in this open-label, multicenter, extension study, and were to be followed for up to 73 months. Ropinirole XL/PR was titrated/continued, and adjusted as appropriate during the maintenance phase (maximum 24 mg/d). Levodopa (L-dopa) and other nondopamine agonist PD medications were permitted. Safety outcomes that were investigated included frequency of adverse events (AEs). Subjects’ preference regarding once daily versus three times daily study medication regimens was also investigated in a subset of the study population. The median duration of ropinirole XL/PR exposure was 1275 d. Most subjects (87%) reported at least one AE, with the most common (≥ 10%) AEs being, back pain (14%), hallucinations (13%), somnolence (11%) and peripheral edema (11%). Twenty-five percent of subjects discontinued the study prematurely due to an AE during the treatment period. Long-term treatment with ropinirole XL/PR was not associated with any new or unexpected safety concerns in patients with early and advanced PD, and a majority of subjects preferred the once-daily dosing regimen.
And Then I Lost That Life: A Shared Narrative of Four Young Men with Schizophrenia

A qualitative research study was conducted to explore the occupational needs and interests of young men, aged 18–30 years, who had been diagnosed with schizophrenia. Four men participated in two focus groups and described their daily occupations, both before and after diagnosis. The constant comparative method of data analysis was used to generate the categories inductively, yielding several common themes and stories. A shared narrative was subsequently identified, which best reflected the collective lost dreams, disruptions and losses resulting from a diagnosis of schizophrenia. The chapters of the participants' narrative describe a common struggle of attempting to rebuild lives in spite of persistent perceived barriers. The research sheds light upon the use of occupation in assisting young men to reclaim lost dreams and lives, as well as upon the impact of diagnosis on occupational engagement.
Study on Subclinical Hypothyroidism and its Association with Various Inflammatory Markers.

INTRODUCTION Subclinical hypothyroidism shows the mimic reaction more like to frank hypothyroidism which creates the dilemma. Inflammatory markers can be helpful in assessment of adverse effects of subclinical hypothyroidism, are not very well studied in the past. So the aim of this study was to investigate the role of inflammatory markers in Subclinical hypothyroidism patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study population consisted of 154 patients with recently diagnosed subclinical hypothyroidism and 100 healthy controls. TSH, FT4 & T3 were estimated by enzyme linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL-C were estimated by spectrophotometric method. LDL - C was calculated by Friedewald formula. Inflammatory markers (ESR, C-reactive protein & Interleukin 6) were also estimated by enzyme linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS In this study the level of TSH Mean ± SD (11.12±4.17 vs 2.73±0.80) and T3 Mean ± SD (0.96±0.17 vs 1.08±0.26) were significantly higher (<0.001) in subclinical hypothyroidism. Serum concentration of FT4 was not significantly different between the groups. Total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL-C were significantly higher in patients group. While the level of HDL-C was significantly lower in SCH patients compared to euthyroid group. TSH level was positively correlated with inflammatory markers in subclinical hypothyroidism, which were significantly different in subclinical hypothyroidism. CONCLUSION This study suggests that subclinical hypo-thyroidism patients have increased inflammatory markers along with dyslipidemia and due to that future risk of further development of cardiovascular disorder can occur. Level of inflammatory markers increases in patients as disease progress if left untreated.
The pros and cons of interactive whiteboards in relation to the key stage 3 strategy and framework

Abstract The article describes data emerging from a study of a group of language teachers integrating use of the interactive whiteboard (IWB) into their classroom practice. Data collection tools were developed which allowed participants freedom of action and expression whilst providing a framework for reflection designed to focus on pedagogy rather than technology. The teachers focused primarily on developing their use of PowerPoint for presenting and practising language, using a selection of interactive websites to provide further variety. Analysis revealed varied pedagogical awareness and a range of developmental needs. The research team linked emerging themes to principles underlying the Key Stage 3 National Strategy: Framework for Teaching Modern Foreign Languages (DfES, 2003). Participant' views largely reflected recent publications suggesting that use of the IWB can greatly enhance teaching by supporting classroom management, pace and variety and the drawing of attention to grammatical features and patterns. Participants also felt that use of the IWB had very positive effects on pupils' memorisation skills and writing development, though further long-term research is needed to test the accuracy of these intuitions. The study raised important caveats: the need to become comfortable with the technology before being ready to engage in pedagogical discussion; the dramatic increase in preparation time to support full exploitation; the danger of being lured into a ‘tell and show’ interpretation of teaching; the need for IWB use to be underpinned by a sound understanding of language teaching methodology; the need for a balance of activities to ensure opportunities for kinaesthetic and tactile learners; and the difficulty of finding web-based material at the right level for language learning. Use of the IWB was linked firmly to participants' immediate needs for daily classroom survival. However, some participants were gradually becoming aware of the transformational potential of ICT.
What are the Benefits of Study Support? A review of opinion and research

Given the proposed expansion in study support for children and young people, it seems timely to examine what is known about its benefits. This report is based on a critical review of descriptions and research studies published in the last 10 years, most of which originated from the UK. The review also included interviews with ten experts in the field of study support. The paper summarises evidence for the benefits of study support for academic, social and personal outcomes and identifies the need for further research in this field.
Neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy and pathological complete response in rectal cancer

The management of rectal cancer has evolved significantly in the last few decades. Significant improvements in local disease control were achieved in the 1990s, with the introduction of total mesorectal excision and neoadjuvant radiotherapy. Level 1 evidence has shown that, with neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (CRT) the rates of local recurrence can be lower than 6% and, as a result, neoadjuvant CRT currently represents the accepted standard of care. This approach has led to reliable tumor down-staging, with 15–27% patients with a pathological complete response (pCR)—defined as no residual cancer found on histological examination of the specimen. Patients who achieve pCR after CRT have better long-term outcomes, less risk of developing local or distal recurrence and improved survival. For all these reasons, sphincter-preserving procedures or organ-preserving options have been suggested, such as local excision of residual tumor or the omission of surgery altogether. Although local recurrence rate has been stable at 5–6% with this multidisciplinary management method, distal recurrence rates for locally-advanced rectal cancers remain in excess of 25% and represent the main cause of death in these patients. For this reason, more recent trials have been looking at the administration of full-dose systemic chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting (in order to offer early treatment of disseminated micrometastases, thus improving control of systemic disease) and selective use of radiotherapy only in non-responders or for low rectal tumors smaller than 5 cm.
Ethical guidelines for research with children: A review of current research ethics documentation in New Zealand

Abstract Children's rights to participate in matters affecting them, including research, have gained increasing recognition over recent decades. This recognition, and the growth in research with children as participants, has given rise to greater attention from researchers to ethical issues related to child research. This article reviews the current ethics documentation in New Zealand. The findings indicate that considerable variation exists between ethical codes and guidelines in relation to research with children. The dominant focus is on attending to issues of consent and protection from harm, at the outset of the research, rather than recognition of the ongoing nature of ethical issues throughout the research process. Although the findings indicate an increase in the consideration of ethical issues, the existing documentation is inconsistent and inadequate in attending to specific child‐related issues. Suggestions are made to enhance children's participation in research and demonstrate a respect for their participation rights.
Hovering and intermittent flight in birds

Two styles of bird locomotion, hovering and intermittent flight, have great potential to inform future development of autonomous flying vehicles. Hummingbirds are the smallest flying vertebrates, and they are the only birds that can sustain hovering. Their ability to hover is due to their small size, high wingbeat frequency, relatively large margin of mass-specific power available for flight and a suite of anatomical features that include proportionally massive major flight muscles (pectoralis and supracoracoideus) and wing anatomy that enables them to leave their wings extended yet turned over (supinated) during upstroke so that they can generate lift to support their weight. Hummingbirds generate three times more lift during downstroke compared with upstroke, with the disparity due to wing twist during upstroke. Much like insects, hummingbirds exploit unsteady mechanisms during hovering including delayed stall during wing translation that is manifest as a leading-edge vortex (LEV) on the wing and rotational circulation at the end of each half stroke. Intermittent flight is common in small- and medium-sized birds and consists of pauses during which the wings are flexed (bound) or extended (glide). Flap-bounding appears to be an energy-saving style when flying relatively fast, with the production of lift by the body and tail critical to this saving. Flap-gliding is thought to be less costly than continuous flapping during flight at most speeds. Some species are known to shift from flap-gliding at slow speeds to flap-bounding at fast speeds, but there is an upper size limit for the ability to bound (∼0.3 kg) and small birds with rounded wings do not use intermittent glides.
Immigration, diversity and crime: an analysis of Belgian national crime statistics, 2001-6

In this article we investigate the assumed relationship between immigrant concentrations and crime at the community level in Belgium for the period 2001—6. Multivariate analysis shows that unemployment levels have a very strong effect on crime, thus rendering the ethnic composition of the community non-significant. We distinguished various groups depending on ethnic origins. Controls include the concentration of migrants and the number of incoming immigrants. Our conclusion is that deprivation (and especially unemployment) is more important than direct immigration effects in explaining community-level crime rates. We end with some theoretical and policy considerations regarding the relation between ethnic diversity and crime.
Job Satisfaction Behind Walls and Fences

Health care staff serve important humanitarian, legal, and security functions inside prisons. Although medical and health staff have become critical to daily life in prisons, little is known about their work attitudes and outcomes. This article examines the job satisfaction of 430 health care practitioners in the federal prison system. Ordinary least squares regression is used to analyze responses to a global measurement of job satisfaction. This analytic procedure was chosen after tests determined that prison-level characteristics would have very little influence on the job satisfaction of this sample. Work-related variables were stronger predictors of job satisfaction than personal characteristics. Feeling effective in dealing with inmates had the strongest impact on job satisfaction. Health care staff also had higher job satisfaction when they perceived greater flexibility and effectiveness in organizational operations and when they had more positive feelings about supervision. Significant personal characteristics that influenced job satisfaction included race and education level.