Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Joint Location - Inventory Model

We consider a joint location-inventory problem involving a single supplier and multiple retailers. Associated with each retailer is some variable demand. Due to this variability, some amount of safety stock must be maintained to achieve suitable service levels. However, risk-pooling benefits may be achieved by allowing some retailers to serve as distribution centers (and therefore inventory storage locations) for other retailers. The problem is to determine which retailers should serve as distribution centers and how to allocate the other retailers to the distribution centers. We formulate this problem as a nonlinear integer-programming model. We then restructure this model into a set-covering integer-programming model. The pricing problem that must be solved as part of the column generation algorithm for the set-covering model involves a nonlinear term in the retailerdistribution-center allocation terms. We show that this pricing problem can (theoretically) be solved efficiently, in general, and we show how to solve it practically in two important cases. We present computational results on several instances of sizes ranging from 33 to 150 retailers. In all cases, the lower bound from the linear-programming relaxation to the set-covering model gives the optimal solution.
Place of mTOR inhibitors in management of BKV infection after kidney transplantation

Context: BK virus (BKV) viremia and BKV-associated nephropathy (BKVAN) have become a serious nuisance to kidney transplant (KT) patients since the mid-nineties, when the incidence of this disease has increased significantly. Evidence Acquisition: Directory of open access journals (DOAJ), EMBASE, Google Scholar, PubMed, EBSCO, and Web of Science have been searched. Results: Many hypothesis have been made as to why this phenomenon has developed; it is of general opinion that a more potent immunosuppression is at the core of the problem. The use of the association of tacrolimus (TAC) with mycophenolic acid (MPA) has gained momentum in the same years as the increase in BKV viremia incidence making it seem to be the most likely culprit. m-TOR inhibitors (m-TORIs) have been shown to have antiviral properties in vitro and this fact has encouraged different transplant teams to use these agents when confronted with BKV infection (viremia or nephropathy). However, the results are mitigated. There had been conflicting results for example when converting from TAC-to sirolimus-based immunosuppression in the setting of established BKVAN. Conclusions: In order to prevent BKV infection we have to minimize to some extent immunosuppression, but it is not always possible, e.g. in high immunological risk patients. Conversely, we could use m-TORIs associated with low-dose calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs). This could be actually the key to a safe immunosuppression regimen both from the immunological stand point and from the viral one.
PENGARUH KEPUASAN KERJA, LINGKUNGAN KERJA, DAN KOMPENSASI TERHADAP TURNOVER INTENTION KARYAWAN DENGAN LAMA KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI (Studi Kasus pada CV. Sukses Sejati Computama)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Turnover Intention karyawan; (2) Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Turnover Intention karyawan dengan Lama Kerja sebagai variabel pemoderasi; (3) Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Turnover Intention karyawan; (4) Pengaruh Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Turnover Intention karyawan dengan Lama Kerja sebagai variabel pemoderasi; (5) Pengaruh Kompensasi terhadap Turnover Intention karyawan; dan (6) Pengaruh Kompensasi terhadap Turnover Intention karyawan dengan Lama Kerja sebagai variabel pemoderasi pada CV. Sukses Sejati Computama. Metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian ini adalah metode sensus menggunakan kuesioner dengan populasi sebesar 132 karyawan. Jumlah kuesioner yang dapat diolah dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 123 kuesioner. Teknik analisis data penelitian ini menggunakan uji asumsi klasik, analisis regresi linear sederhana, dan moderated regression analysis (MRA). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa: (1) Kepuasan Kerja berpengaruh negatif terhadap Turnover Intention karyawan dengan koefisien regresi sebesar -0,367 pada signifikansi 0,000 dan nilai > sebesar -4,470>1,675; (2) Lama Kerja tidak dapat memperkuat pengaruh negatif Kepuasan Kerja terhadap Turnover Intention karyawan dengan koefisien regresi sebesar -0,024 pada signifikansi 0,807 dan nilai sebesar -4,276>1,675; (4) Lama Kerja tidak dapat memperkuat pengaruh negatif Lingkungan Kerja terhadap Turnover Intention karyawan dengan koefisien regresi sebesar -0,047 pada signifikansi 0,544 dan nilai sebesar -4,470>1,675; dan (6) Lama Kerja tidak dapat memperkuat pengaruh negatif Kompensasi terhadap Turnover Intention karyawan dengan koefisien regresi sebesar -0,027 pada signifikansi 0,764 dan nilai < sebesar -0,301<1,675.
UNSTEADY AERODYNAMIC PERFORMANCE OF MODEL WINGS AT LOW REYNOLDS NUMBERS

The synthesis of a comprehensive theory of force production in insect flight is hindered in part by the lack of precise knowledge of unsteady forces produced by wings. Data are especially sparse in the intermediate Reynolds number regime (10<Re<1000) appropriate for the flight of small insects. This paper attempts to fill this deficit by quantifying the time-dependence of aerodynamic forces for a simple yet important motion, rapid acceleration from rest to a constant velocity at a fixed angle of attack. The study couples the measurement of lift and drag on a two-dimensional model with simultaneous flow visualization. The results of these experiments are summarized below. 1. At angles of attack below 13.5°, there was virtually no evidence of a delay in the generation of lift, in contrast to similar studies made at higher Reynolds numbers. 2. At angles of attack above 13.5°, impulsive movement resulted in the production of a leading edge vortex that stayed attached to the wing for the first 2 chord lengths of travel, resulting in an 80 % increase in lift compared to the performance measured 5 chord lengths later. It is argued that this increase is due to the process of detached vortex lift, analogous to the method of force production in delta-wing aircraft. 3. As the initial leading edge vortex is shed from the wing, a second vortex of opposite vorticity develops from the trailing edge of the wing, correlating with a decrease in lift production. This pattern of alternating leading and trailing edge vortices generates a von Karman street, which is stable for at least 7.5 chord lengths of travel. 4. Throughout the first 7.5 chords of travel the model wing exhibits a broad lift plateau at angles of attack up to 54°, which is not significantly altered by the addition of wing camber or surface projections. 5. Taken together, these results indicate how the unsteady process of vortex generation at large angles of attack might contribute to the production of aerodynamic forces in insect flight. Because the fly wing typically moves only 2–4 chord lengths each half-stroke, the complex dynamic behavior of impulsively started wing profiles is more appropriate for models of insect flight than are steady-state approximations.
Angular momentum transport in protostellar discs

Angular momentum transport in protostellar discs can take place either radially, through turbulence induced by the magnetorotational instability (MRI), or vertically, through the torque exerted by a large-scale magnetic field that threads the disc. Using semi-analytic and numerical results, we construct a model of steady-state discs that includes vertical transport by a centrifugally driven wind as well as MRI-induced turbulence. We present approximate criteria for the occurrence of either one of these mechanisms in an ambipolar diffusion-dominated disc. We derive ‘strong field’ solutions in which the angular momentum transport is purely vertical and ‘weak field’ solutions that are the stratified-disc analogues of the previously studied MRI channel modes; the latter are transformed into accretion solutions with predominantly radial angular momentum transport when we implement a turbulent-stress prescription based on published results of numerical simulations. We also analyse ‘intermediate field strength’ solutions in which both modes of transport operate at the same radial location; we conclude, however, that significant spatial overlap of these two mechanisms is unlikely to occur in practice. To further advance this study, we have developed a general scheme that incorporates also the Hall and Ohm conductivity regimes in discs with a realistic ionization structure.
Bacterially‐mediated authigenesis of clays in phosphate stromatolites

Authigenic clays in close textural relation to carbonate fluorapatite within finely laminated phosphate stromatolites of Upper Jurassic age have been studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and analytical electron microscopy (AEM). Stromatolite laminae consist of hexagonal prisms of francolite (sizes ranging between 0·1 and 1 μm) that are surrounded by poorly crystalline smectite and amorphous Fe–Si–Al oxyhydroxides. Microanalyses show that smectite is Fe rich, with highly variable composition, particularly regarding Fe and Si contents. Smectite has significant beidellitic, montmorillonitic and non‐tronitic substitutions. Although the lack of fringe contrast in some areas adjacent to the smectite packets with 1·0–1·3 nm spacing is due to differences in orientation of layers, textural and analytical data clearly indicate the presence of Fe–Si–Al amorphous phases intimately intergrown with smectite. The occurrence of poorly crystalline smectite and associated amorphous phases within microbially precipitated stromatolite laminae, both as envelopes around, and as pore‐fillings between extremely small calcium phosphate crystals, demonstrates authigenic smectite growth from a precursor Fe–Si–Al amorphous material. This material is formed in close association with a phosphate‐rich precursor. The textural and structural relations, the preservation of chemical precursors of glauconite such as nontronitic montmorillonite, and the presence of Fe–Si–Al amorphous mineral phases, imply crystallization of the observed crystalline phases from synsedimentary (bacterially precipitated) amorphous precursors during early diagenesis in postoxic environments. Carbonate fluorapatite was the first phase to crystallize from the primary gel; smectite and associated amorphous Fe–Si–Al oxyhydroxides were the residual material of the crystallization process. The slow rate of transformation (at low temperatures) from Fe–Si–Al‐rich gels to smectite, explains the textural relations between the poorly crystalline phases and the phosphate crystals, as well as the preservation of amorphous substances in relation to clays. Authigenic smectite represents the first step in glauconitization.
As Secure as Possible Eventual Consistency: Work in Progress

Eventual consistency (EC) is a relaxed data consistency model that, driven by the CAP theorem, trades prompt consistency for high availability. Although, this model has shown to be promising and greatly adopted by industry, the state of the art only assumes that replicas can crash and recover. However, a Byzantine replica (i.e., arbitrary or malicious) can hamper the eventual convergence of replicas to a global consistent state, thus compromising the entire service. Classical BFT state machine replication protocols cannot solve this problem due to the blocking nature of consensus, something at odd with the availability via replica divergence in the EC model. In this work in progress paper, we introduce a new secure highly available protocol for the EC model that assumes a fraction of replicas and any client can be Byzantine. To respect the essence of EC, the protocol gives priority to high availability, and thus Byzantine detection is performed off the critical path on a consistent data offset. The paper concisely explains the protocol and discusses its feasibility. We aim at presenting a more comprehensive and empirical study in the future.
Membrane Interactions of S100A12 (Calgranulin C)

S100A12 (Calgranulin C) is a small acidic calcium-binding peripheral membrane protein with two EF-hand structural motifs. It is expressed in macrophages and lymphocytes and highly up-regulated in several human inflammatory diseases. In pigs, S100A12 is abundant in the cytosol of granulocytes, where it is believed to be involved in signal modulation of inflammatory process. In this study, we investigated the interaction of the porcine S100A12 with phospholipid bilayers and the effect that ions (Ca2+, Zn2+ or both together) have in modifying protein-lipid interactions. More specifically, we intended to address issues such as: (1) is the protein-membrane interaction modulated by the presence of ions? (2) is the protein overall structure affected by the presence of the ions and membrane models simultaneously? (3) what are the specific conformational changes taking place when ions and membranes are both present? (4) does the protein have any kind of molecular preferences for a specific lipid component? To provide insight into membrane interactions and answer those questions, synchrotron radiation circular dichroism spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, and surface plasmon resonance were used. The use of these combined techniques demonstrated that this protein was capable of interacting both with lipids and with ions in solution, and enabled examination of changes that occur at different levels of structure organization. The presence of both Ca2+ and Zn2+ ions modify the binding, conformation and thermal stability of the protein in the presence of lipids. Hence, these studies examining molecular interactions of porcine S100A12 in solution complement the previously determined crystal structure information on this family of proteins, enhancing our understanding of its dynamics of interaction with membranes.
User experience over time: an initial framework

A recent trend in Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) research addresses human needs that go beyond the instrumental, resulting in an increasing body of knowledge about how users form overall evaluative judgments on the quality of interactive products. An aspect largely neglected so far is that of temporality, i.e. how the quality of users' experience develops over time. This paper presents an in-depth, five-week ethnographic study that followed 6 individuals during an actual purchase of the Apple iPhone". We found prolonged use to be motivated by different qualities than the ones that provided positive initial experiences. Overall, while early experiences seemed to relate mostly to hedonic aspects of product use, prolonged experiences became increasingly more tied to aspects reflecting how the product becomes meaningful in one's life. Based on the findings, we promote three directions for CHI practice: designing for meaningful mediation, designing for daily rituals, and designing for the self.
Sex Differences in Childhood Bullying Victimization and Trajectories of Substance Use From Adolescence to Adulthood

Recent research has found that repeated bullying victimization increases the risk of developing several unhealthy habits later in life including periodic substance use. Comparatively less research, however, has examined whether the association between bullying victimization and developmental growth in substance use is different for males and females. The present study addressed this gap in the literature by analyzing data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997. Results from a series of sex-specific latent growth curve models reveal that bullied males experience faster increases in cigarette and marijuana use from adolescence to young adulthood compared to non-bullied males, while bullied females experience faster increases in cigarette use compared to non-bullied females. Bullied males also experience slower declines in cigarette and marijuana use from adolescence to middle adulthood, while bullied females experience slower declines in alcohol and cigarette use. Implications of these findings for research on sex differences in bullying victimization and developmental patterns of substance use are discussed.
Fast , Accurate MicroArchitecture Simulation

Computers are fast becoming an integral part of everybody’s life, influencing almost everything we do in our day-to-day life. The workhorse in any computer system is its microprocessor (CPU). Modern day microprocessors pack several million transistors into a tiny package that is capable of crunching numbers for a variety of applications ranging from missile guidance to gene-sequencing. Microprocessor design is becoming an increasingly challenging task due to the complexity involved. As in other fields, simulation is extensively used in the design of microprocessors. Every aspect of a newly proposed design is first studied on simulators before any realization in silicon is made. It is estimated that detecting design flaws during the simulation phase saves millions of dollars for every newly built chip. Thus, a good simulator saves money, time and effort. One of the most popular simulators used in computer architecture research is SimpleScalar [1], which gathers a large set of processor performance statistics by ‘executing’ various standardized programs (benchmarks) on a simulated processor model. However, the main drawback of micro-architecture simulators like SimpleScalar is that they take an extremely long time to execute some of the contemporary benchmarks such as SPEC2000 [2]. Simulations often run into many weeks before statistics are available. Various techniques have been proposed by researchers to speed up computer architecture simulations. However, most of these methods sacrifice accuracy resulting in significant errors in the final statistics. In this research, we propose a novel method that has a potential to greatly speed-up architecture simulations without sacrificing much accuracy. We propose to parallelize SimpleScalar. By doing so, several machines that are geographically separated can participate in the simulation of a benchmark. Simulation speed-up achieved by this method is proportional to the number of participating machines. On our tests, we achieve a speed-up of close to 10 using 16 machines with a near-zero error in the results.
The Linkage Between Parental Alienation Behaviors and Child Alienation

ABSTRACT One hundred and nine college students completed an anonymous and confidential survey regarding their childhood exposure to parental alienation strategies by each parent as well as their own actions and attitudes toward each parent. Results revealed statistically significant associations between parental alienation behaviors and behaviors of an alienated child, even after controlling for the quality of parenting of the rejected parent. The findings are discussed in light of attachment theory, social learning theory, and family systems theory.
Tiling the Integers with Translates of One Finite Set

Abstract A set tiles the integers if and only if the integers can be written as a disjoint union of translates of that set. We consider the problem of finding necessary and sufficient conditions for a finite set to tile the integers. For sets of prime power size, it was solved by D. Newman (1977, J. Number Theory 9 , 107–111). We solve it for sets of size having at most two prime factors. The conditions are always sufficient, but it is unknown whether they are necessary for all finite sets.
Wnt3/RhoA/ROCK signaling pathway is involved in adhesion-mediated drug resistance of multiple myeloma in an autocrine mechanism

Adhesion of myeloma cells to bone marrow stromal cells is now considered to play a critical role in chemoresistance. However, little is known about the molecular mechanism governing cell adhesion–mediated drug resistance (CAM-DR) of myeloma cells. In this study, we focused our interests on the implication of the Wnt signal in CAM-DR. We first screened the expression of Wnt family in myeloma cell lines and found that Wnt3 was overexpressed in all the myeloma cells examined. KMS-5 and ARH77, which highly expressed Wnt3 protein, tightly adhered to human bone marrow stromal cells, and accumulation of β-catenin and GTP-bounded RhoA was observed in these myeloma cell lines. Conversely, RPMI8226 and MM1S, which modestly expressed Wnt3 protein, rather weakly adhered to human bone marrow stromal. We then examined the relevance of Wnt3 expression to adhesive property to stromal cells and to CAM-DR of myeloma cells. KMS-5 and ARH-77 exhibited apparent CAM-DR against doxorubicin. This CAM-DR was significantly reduced by anti-integrin β1 antibody, anti-integrin α6 antibody and a Wnt-receptor competitor, secreted Frizzled-related protein-1, and Rho kinase inhibitor Y27632, but not by the specific inhibitor of canonical signaling (Dickkopf-1), indicating that Wnt-mediated CAM-DR that is dependent on integrin α6/β1 (VLA-6)–mediated attachment to stromal cells is induced by the Wnt/RhoA/Rho kinase pathway signal. This CAM-DR was also significantly reduced by Wnt3 small interfering RNA transfer to KMS-5. These results indicate that Wnt3 contributes to VLA-6–mediated CAM-DR via the Wnt/RhoA/ROCK pathway of myeloma cells in an autocrine manner. Thus, the Wnt3 signaling pathway could be a promising molecular target to overcome CAM-DR of myeloma cells. [Mol Cancer Ther 2007;6(6):1774–82]
Hypoxia Silences Retrotrapezoid Nucleus Respiratory Chemoreceptors via Alkalosis

In conscious mammals, hypoxia or hypercapnia stimulates breathing while theoretically exerting opposite effects on central respiratory chemoreceptors (CRCs). We tested this theory by examining how hypoxia and hypercapnia change the activity of the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN), a putative CRC and chemoreflex integrator. Archaerhodopsin-(Arch)-transduced RTN neurons were reversibly silenced by light in anesthetized rats. We bilaterally transduced RTN and nearby C1 neurons with Arch (PRSx8-ArchT-EYFP-LVV) and measured the cardiorespiratory consequences of Arch activation (10 s) in conscious rats during normoxia, hypoxia, or hyperoxia. RTN photoinhibition reduced breathing equally during non-REM sleep and quiet wake. Compared with normoxia, the breathing frequency reduction (ΔfR) was larger in hyperoxia (65% FiO2), smaller in 15% FiO2, and absent in 12% FiO2. Tidal volume changes (ΔVT) followed the same trend. The effect of hypoxia on ΔfR was not arousal-dependent but was reversed by reacidifying the blood (acetazolamide; 3% FiCO2). ΔfR was highly correlated with arterial pH up to arterial pH (pHa) 7.5 with no frequency inhibition occurring above pHa 7.53. Blood pressure was minimally reduced suggesting that C1 neurons were very modestly inhibited. In conclusion, RTN neurons regulate eupneic breathing about equally during both sleep and wake. RTN neurons are the first putative CRCs demonstrably silenced by hypocapnic hypoxia in conscious mammals. RTN neurons are silent above pHa 7.5 and increasingly active below this value. During hyperoxia, RTN activation maintains breathing despite the inactivity of the carotid bodies. Finally, during hypocapnic hypoxia, carotid body stimulation increases breathing frequency via pathways that bypass RTN.
Elite schools, class disavowal and the mystification of virtues

ABSTRACT Elite schools claim an enticing array of virtues – superior educational standards and an elevated morality. This paper examines their moral claims and their relationship to such schools’ social class practices. Through research at seven elite schools around the world, we distil their appeals to moral discourses and show how they involve both class avowal and disavowal. We incorporate insights from Karl Marx on the ideological functioning of capitalist social relations and Alasdair MacIntyre on modern moral understanding. We argue that while elite schools profess particular virtues in claiming and disclaiming their elite-ness, in both cases virtues are employed to assert status and to deflect criticism.