Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Invariant Discretization Schemes for the Shallow-Water Equations

Invariant discretization schemes are derived for the one- and two-dimensional shallow-water equations with periodic boundary conditions. While originally designed for constructing invariant finite difference schemes, we extend the use of difference invariants to allow construction of invariant finite volume methods as well. It is found that the classical invariant schemes converge to the Lagrangian formulation of the shallow-water equations. These schemes require redistribution of the grid points according to the physical fluid velocity; i.e., the mesh cannot remain fixed in the course of the numerical integration. Invariant Eulerian discretization schemes are proposed for the shallow-water equations in computational coordinates. Instead of using the fluid velocity as the grid velocity, an invariant moving mesh generator is invoked in order to determine the location of the grid points at the subsequent time level. The numerical conservation of energy, mass, and momentum is evaluated for both the invariant.
Physical Symptoms, Perceived Social Support, and Affect in Adolescents with Cancer

Treatment for cancer among adolescents is often more intense and lasts longer than treatment for older or younger patients. It typically causes pain, fatigue, and nausea and affects social and emotional well-being. This study examined the relationships among demographics, physical symptoms, perceived social support from friends and family, and affect (positive and negative) in 102 adolescents (age 13–19) with cancer using correlational analyses. Additionally, perceived social support was explored as a mediator and moderator of the relationship between physical symptoms and affect using regression. Females reported significantly lower friend support and higher negative affect compared to males. Minority participants were more likely to endorse physical symptoms and less negative affect compared to White respondents. Higher report of physical symptoms was significantly related to greater negative affect, whereas higher perceived social support from friends was related to higher positive affect. Adolescents consistently reported high levels of social support from family and friends. Additionally, adolescents tended to report average levels of positive affect and low levels of negative affect compared to healthy populations. No significant mediation or moderation effects were found. This research highlights that females and minorities, and those with greater physical symptoms, may be more vulnerable to poor adjustment to cancer during adolescence. However, overall this study lends support to the notion that adolescents with cancer are an especially resilient population, as these patients endorsed generally high levels of social support and positive affect, with low levels of negative affect.
Human Neuroscience

contrast, several studies have shown that expressive suppression During suppression, individuals refrain from displaying emotional expressions so that an outside observer would be unable to discern their internal emotional state. In addition to being associated with diminished memory performance, suppression is generally inferior to reappraisal in reducing negative affect after viewing negative film clips (Goldin et al., 2008) and negative pictures (Richards and Gross, 2000), and prior to broaching a relationship conflict with a romantic partner (Richards et al., 2003). Taken together, the available evidence suggests that engaging in cognitive reappraisal may actually be beneficial for memory even in the throes of emotional distress, whereas suppression may lead to the formation of incomplete representations of the negative event. The observation that cognitive reappraisal is associated with enhanced memory and reduced arousal presents a dilemma for neurobiological theories of emotional memory. The memory modulation hypothesis (McGaugh, 2004) states that the amygdala is critical for modulating hippocampal-dependent consolidation processes as a function of arousal, a finding that has received substantial support across species and neuroscientific methods
Cross-Cultural Competence

Introduction Or The Shadow Of The Tower Of Babel Chapter 1: The Ends, Means And Meanings Of Cultures Or The Language Connection Ends of Cultural Software Means: Objective knowledge? Meanings: Learning cultural codes as languages Ends, Means And Meanings Of Culture The language connection Professional Bureaucracy In Action: The case of the BBC Chapter 2: Clashing Civilizations or the Global Connection Cross Cultural Aspects of Globalization Two Cassandras of Globalization: Huntington and Ritzer Cross-Cultural Compromises and Multiculturalism Shifting Cultural Identities: The global connection The Case of Integrating Kazakh Immigrants in Poland Chapter 3: Networking Organizations or the Management Connection Organizational Cultures by Design The Police Case Cultural Due Diligence in Mergers and Acquisitions The Case of Cross-Border Nordic Ventures Knowledge, Management, Criticism The Case of International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies From Controlling to Coaching: Democracy beyond factory (office) door The case of panoptic control in a public company Manager as a Narrator: The organizational discourse The case of managerial discourse in countries divided by common languageor practice: Austria versus Germany and Germany versus Great Britain Chapter 4: Creative Communications and the Multimedia Connection Media are the Message the shift to digital communications The Uses of the Extremes or 'Merry Christmas, Lawrence' Power and Ideology 'The Underground' Dynamics of socialization or democracy behind the factory door '12 Angry Men' Conclusions: Managing cross-cultural competence Notes Literature
Acoustical Quality Assessment of the Classroom Environment

Teaching is one of the most important factors affecting any education system. Many research efforts have been conducted to facilitate the presentation modes used by instructors in classrooms as well as provide means for students to review lectures through web browsers. Other studies have been made to provide acoustical design recommendations for classrooms like room size and reverberation times. However, using acoustical features of classrooms as a way to provide education systems with feedback about the learning process was not thoroughly investigated in any of these studies. We propose a system that extracts different sound features of students and instructors, and then uses machine learning techniques to evaluate the acoustical quality of any learning environment. We infer conclusions about the students' satisfaction with the quality of lectures. Using classifiers instead of surveys and other subjective ways of measures can facilitate and speed such experiments which enables us to perform them continuously. We believe our system enables education systems to continuously review and improve their teaching strategies and acoustical quality of classrooms.
Off-body wireless link simulation framework using deterministic channel modeling

Body-centric communication concerns wireless links in which the human body represents the central element, exchanging data by means of wearable antennas with a different node in the external environment or on the human body itself. During the link design phase, it is very advantageous to be able to model the link and predict its performance before its real implementation, resulting in reduction of design time and costs. In the present contribution, we propose a novel computer simulation framework to describe a complete off-body communication link between a human user and a remote base station, including all the components of the communication link such as wearable and fixed antennas, human body and propagation channel at the physical level, also taking into account the digital data transmission at link level. The proposed framework was constructed by applying the most appropriate modeling tools for each component, including ray tracing for the deterministic channel modeling. The framework provides as output the most common link performance parameters such as Bit-Error-Rate (BER), received Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and channel correlations. The validity of the proposed method was verified by comparing the figures of merit of a real off-body communication link, studied during a previous measurement campaign, with the ones obtained by the proposed simulation framework. A good agreement is obtained in terms of both BERs and SNRs.
Cooperative Synthesis of Ultra Long-Chain Fatty Acid and Ceramide during Keratinocyte Differentiation

The lipid lamellae in the stratum corneum is important for the epidermal permeability barrier. The lipid lamellae component ceramide (CER), comprising an ultra long-chain (ULC) fatty acid (FA) of ≥26 carbons (ULC CER), plays an essential role in barrier formation. ULC acyl-CoAs, produced by the FA elongase ELOVL4, are converted to ULC CERs by the CER synthase CERS3. In the presented study, we observed that ELOVL4 and CERS3 mRNAs increased during keratinocyte differentiation in vivo and in vitro. We also determined that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ is involved in the up-regulation of the mRNAs. Knockdown of CERS3 caused a reduction in the elongase activities toward ULC acyl-CoAs, suggesting that CERS3 positively regulates ULCFA. Thus, we reveal that the two key players in ULC CER production in epidermis, CERS3 and ELOVL4, are coordinately regulated at both the transcriptional and enzymatic levels.
Predictors of coupling between structural and functional cortical networks in normal aging

Understanding how the mammalian neocortex creates cognition largely depends on knowledge about large‐scale cortical organization. Accumulated evidence has illuminated cortical substrates of cognition across the lifespan, but how topological properties of cortical networks support structure‐function relationships in normal aging remains an open question. Here we investigate the role of connections (i.e., short/long and direct/indirect) and node properties (i.e., centrality and modularity) in predicting functional‐structural connectivity coupling in healthy elderly subjects. Connectivity networks were derived from correlations of cortical thickness and cortical glucose consumption in resting state. Local‐direct connections (i.e., nodes separated by less than 30 mm) and node modularity (i.e., a set of nodes highly interconnected within a topological community and sparsely interconnected with nodes from other modules) in the functional network were identified as the main determinants of coupling between cortical networks, suggesting that the structural network in aging is mainly constrained by functional topological properties involved in the segregation of information, likely due to aging‐related deficits in functional integration. This hypothesis is supported by an enhanced connectivity between cortical regions of different resting‐state networks involved in sensorimotor and memory functions in detrimental to associations between fronto‐parietal regions supporting executive processes. Taken collectively, these findings open new avenues to identify aging‐related failures in the anatomo‐functional organization of the neocortical mantle, and might contribute to early detection of prevalent neurodegenerative conditions occurring in the late life. Hum Brain Mapp 35:2724–2740, 2014. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
PITFALLS IN THE CARE OF PATIENTS WITH TUBERCULOSIS: COMMON ERRORS AND THEIR ASSOCIATION WITH THE ACQUISITION OF DRUG RESISTANCE

OBJECTIVE To determine, among a group of patients with multidrug-resistant pulmonary tuberculosis, whether there had been management practices that deviated from established guidelines, and whether these decisions were associated with the acquisition of multidrug resistance and adverse medical sequelae. DESIGN Case series. SETTING Referral center. PATIENTS All patients with pulmonary tuberculosis admitted to the National Jewish Center for Immunology and Respiratory Medicine in 1989 through 1990. INTERVENTIONS The records of all patients referred to this institution for the treatment of tuberculosis in 1989 through 1990 were reviewed to ascertain the nature of management decisions that might have been associated with the acquisition of drug resistance. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Standards of practice as defined by the American Thoracic Society, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the American College of Chest Physicians were compared with these management decisions to determine whether "errors" had been made, resulting in treatment failure and the development of acquired drug resistance. RESULTS Among the 35 study patients, errors were detected in the management decisions in 28; there was an average of 3.93 errors per patient. The most common errors were the addition of a single drug to a failing regimen, failure to identify preexisting or acquired drug resistance, initiation of an inadequate primary regimen, failure to identify and address noncompliance, and inappropriate isoniazid preventive therapy. The multidrug resistance acquired through the errors resulted in prolonged hospitalizations, treatment with more toxic drugs, and high-risk resectional surgery. The costs for this "salvage therapy" were extraordinary, averaging $180,000 per patient. CONCLUSIONS Aggressive professional education, tighter control on the provisions of care for tuberculosis patients, and the committing of additional resources to tuberculosis control programs are vital in improving the care of tuberculosis patients and limiting the development of acquired drug resistance.
Loss of Wild-Type Trp53 Protein in Mouse Fibroblasts Leads to Increased Radioresistance with Consequent Decrease in Repair of Potentially Lethal Damage

Abstract Alsbeih, G. , Torres, M. , Al-Harbi, N. and Alsubael, M. Loss of Wild-Type Trp53 Protein in Mouse Fibroblasts Leads to Increased Radioresistance with Consequent Decrease in Repair of Potentially Lethal Damage. Radiat. Res. 161, 185–192 (2004). It has been reported that the loss of function of Trp53 protein is associated with a reduction in the expression of radiation-induced potentially lethal damage (PLD). These studies, however, were carried out using either transformed or transfected cell lines, and other factors may have existed that could interfere with PLD repair. In this study, we used isogenic fibroblasts derived from Trp53 knockout mice to study radiation sensitivity, PLD repair, and repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs). Experiments were carried out using wild-type (Trp53+/+), heterozygous (Trp53+/−) and homozygous mutant (Trp53−/−) cells. This is an ideal system because the only difference in the three cell strains is the status of the Trp53 protein. DSB repair was measured by pulsed-field-gel electrophoresis (PFGE), while radiosensitivity and PLD repair were studied using the clonogenic survival assay. Cells were irradiated in plateau phase and then trypsinized and plated either immediately or 24 h later to allow for PLD repair. The results of Western blot analyses showed that Trp53−/− cells expressed a putative mutant form of Trp53 that was unable to transcriptionally activate Cdkn1a (p21) protein in response to irradiation. The Trp53−/− cells were significantly more radioresistant than the Trp53+/+ cells, and this was associated with a moderate reduction in PLD repair. DNA repair experiments showed no difference in DSB rejoining capability between the two cell lines. In conclusion, our results show that loss of wild-type Trp53 leads to increased radioresistance with consequent reduction in PLD repair but with no effect on DNA DSB repair.
Health technology assessment

Health technology assessment (HTA) (1), also known as healthcare technology assessment or medical technology assessment, is a form of policy research that systematically examines short- and long-term consequences of the application of a health technology, a set of related technologies, or an issue related to technology. The goal of HTA is to provide input to decision making in policy and practice. The essential properties of HTA are this orientation to decision making and its multidisciplinary and comprehensive nature.
The Relationship Between Video Game Use and Couple Attachment Behaviors in Committed Romantic Relationships

The Relationship Between Video Game Use and Couple Attachment Behaviors in Committed Romantic Relationships Jamie M. Smith School of Family Life, BYU Master of Science This study examines whether the single or shared leisure activity of video gaming or a report of it as a problem is negatively related to couple attachment behaviors (accessibility, responsiveness, and engagement). The model suggests that individual frequency of violent video game use, individual frequency of nonviolent video game use, and couple video game use frequency predict negative couple attachment behaviors. In addition, video game playing that is perceived as a problem in the relationship serves as a mediator variable in the model. Data were collected using the Relationship Evaluation questionnaire (RELATE). The sample includes 2,112 couples who reported seriously dating, engagement, or marriage. The measures include assessing couple attachment behaviors and questions assessing video game use rates. Results indicated that male’s violent video game use predicted the female’s attachment behaviors, while the female’s nonviolent video game use predicted the male’s attachment behaviors. The male’s violent video game use and the female’s nonviolent video game use predicted his/her perception and their partner’s perception that video games were a problem in the relationship, and their perception predicted less attachment behaviors, which was a fully mediated relationship for both. The female’s view that video games were a problem negatively predicted both her and her partner’s attachment behaviors, while the male’s view only predicted his attachment behaviors. Future research directions and clinical implications for couples are discussed.
A pilot study of the effectiveness of home teleconsultations in paediatric palliative care

Summary We conducted a pilot study to investigate the effectiveness of a home telehealth service for paediatric palliative care consultations. Over a 10 week period, 14 of the 17 caregivers approached to be part of the study agreed to participate. Families were allocated, non-randomly, to a control group (usual care) or an intervention group (usual care with the addition of home telehealth consultations). The primary outcome measure was quality-of-life score. Caregivers were surveyed for up to 99 days following recruitment. A descriptive analysis of the quality-of-life data showed no differences between caregivers in the two groups. However, important lessons were learnt regarding factors which influence the success of studies in this population group, and the domains of caregiver quality-of-life that warrant intervention. Palliative care is complex, and multiple interventions and supports are required if care is to be managed at home. Home telehealth consultations are a feasible and acceptable means of facilitating a palliative care consultation which can reduce the burden on families at a distressing time.
Process Based Evaluation of Computer Generated Poetry

This paper presents and evaluates a novel sys-tem for computer generated poetry. Framed within contemporary theoretical trends in the evaluation of computational creativity, we investigate how evidence of generative process inﬂuences readers’ opinions of computer generated textual output. In addition to a technical description of our system, we present re-sults from a study asking respondents to evaluate short computer generated poems prefaced with different types of descriptions, in some cases objectively presenting the poem as the product of a statistical analysis of corpora and in some cases subjectively presenting the computer as a self-aware agent.
Robust head pose estimation using contourlet transform

Head pose estimation is an important pre-processing step in many pattern recognition and computer vision systems such as face recognition. Since the performance of face recognition systems is greatly affected by the pose of the face, how to estimate the accurate pose of the face is still a challenging problem. In this paper, we present a novel method for head pose estimation. To enhance the efficiency of the estimation, we first use contourlet transform for feature extraction which is a multi-resolution, multi-directional transform. In order to reduce the feature space dimension and obtain appropriate features, principal component analysis (PCA) and linear discriminant analysis (LDA) are used to remove inefficient features. Then, K-nearest neighbor (KNN) and minimum distance classifiers are applied separately to classify the pose of head. We use the public available FERET database to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. Simulation results indicate the efficiency of the proposed method in comparison with previous methods.
Acetabular Morphometry for Determining Hip Dysplasia in the Singaporean Population

Purpose. To assess and evaluate the usefulness of 7 morphological measurements of the acetabulum in establishing the prevalence of acetabular dysplasia in the Singaporean population. Methods. Standardised plain anteroposterior radiographs of 522 hip joints of 261 asymptomatic patients (mean age, 60 years; range, 16–99 years) were evaluated. The 7 morphological measurements were centre-edge angle, acetabular angle, depth-to-width ratio, roof obliquity, extrusion index, lateral subluxation, and peak-to-edge distance. Results. 19 (7.3%) patients were acetabular dysplastic (centre-edge angle of <20 degrees). The mean centre-edge angle was 31.2 degrees (range, 5–52 degrees), acetabular angle 39.46 degrees (range, 10–58 degrees), depth-to-width ratio 0.32, roof obliquity 7.86 degrees, extrusion index 0.18, lateral subluxation 9.9 mm, and the peak-to-edge distance 15.65 mm. Conclusion. Centre-edge angle was the most useful measurement and correlated significantly with acetabular angle, extrusion index, peak-to-edge distance, and roof obliquity. These preliminary results show a relatively higher rate (7.3%) of acetabular dysplasia in the Singaporean population, compared with other similar but larger Asian studies performed in Hong Kong (1.1%) and Korea (1.8%).
A proposed new diagnostic for Herbig disc geometry: FWHM versus J of CO ro-vibrational lines

Aims. CO ro-vibrational lines observed from Herbig group II discs are seen to be often broad while the same lines observed from group I discs are often narrow. This difference is not well understood. In this paper we explore the underlying cause for this difference and provide a pathway for a better understanding of the geometry and structure of the inner discs around Herbig Ae/Be stars. Methods. High-spectral-resolution infrared spectra of CO ro-vibrational emission from six Herbig Ae/Be candidate stars were taken with CRIRES (CRyogenic high-resolution InfraRed Echelle Spectrograph) at the VLT (Very Large Telescope). From these spectra, we produce individual and co-added CO ro-vibrational line profiles. We investigate line profile shape differences, and we explore the FWHM (Full Width Half Maximum) variations with J quantum number in the context of disc geometry. Furthermore, we put our new sources into the context of earlier observed sources to study a large sample. For comparison, we also investigate the FWHM variations with J of modelled CO ro-vibrational lines from two typical disc geometries produced with the thermo-chemical disc modelling code ProDiMo. Results. - abbreviated - Comparing dust and gas inner disc geometries (inferred by SED and CO ro-vibrational emission) for the expanded sample of observed Herbig discs, we find no clear correspondence between the SED groups of the sources and their inner CO radius. Conclusions. The FWHM versus J is a potential new gas diagnostic for the inner disc with e.g. a constant FWHM versus J indicating the presence of a large gas hole or gap. Both models and observations indicate the potential of this new diagnostic. - abbreviated -