Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
O ensino da digestão-nutrição na era das refeições rápidas e do culto ao corpo

There have been marked changes in eating habits perceptions of body image; these are currently very important with reports of nutritional deficiency and obesity, and are a large public health concern among children, adolescents, and adults. But what do children and adolescents know about the nutritiondigestion process and the basic concepts involved, and adequate eating behaviours for good health? How is this theme developed in state and private schools? These questions led to a study of the nature of practices developed by science and biology teachers and the knowledge shown by students in schools. Results revealed inadequate teaching methodology when dealing with the digestion process and the specific concepts involved in these themes, which leads to student disinterest and practically no change in their common understanding of the subject. Digestion and nutrition processes, as well as their health implications are seen as phenomena apart from student's life similar to how they are presented in the school text books. The dynamics of eating interrelations between living creatures are superficially covered in ecology and little attention is paid to the behavioural, morphological, and physiological changes involved. Considering these results we propose content based on an ecological approach directed towards specific experimental activities, games, and the co-evolutive interactions of living beings - social and biological aspects - to start students thinking about and criticising current social trends and our biological needs in relation to eating and health.
Physiological and Biochemical Changes in Brassica juncea Plants under Cd-Induced Stress

Plants of Brassica juncea L. var. RLC-1 were exposed for 30 days to different concentrations (0, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6 mM) of cadmium (Cd) to analyze the Cd uptake, H2O2 content, hormonal profiling, level of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll, carotenoid, and flavonoid), gaseous exchange parameters (photosynthetic rate, vapour pressure deficit, intercellular CO2 concentration, and intrinsic mesophyll rate), antioxidative enzymes (superoxide dismutase, polyphenol oxidase, glutathione-S transferase, and glutathione peroxidase), antioxidant assays (DPPH, ABTS, and total phenolic content), and polyphenols. Results of the present study revealed the increased H2O2 content and Cd uptake with increasing metal doses. UPLC analysis of plants showed the presence of various polyphenols. Gaseous exchange measurements were done by infrared gas analyzer (IRGA), which was negatively affected by metal treatment. In addition, LC/MS study showed the variation in the expression of plant hormones. Level of photosynthetic pigments and activities of antioxidative enzymes were altered significantly in response to metal treatment. In conclusion, the antioxidative defence system of plants got activated due to heavy metal stress, which protects the plants by scavenging free radicals.
VLSI friendly edge gradient detection based multiple reference frames motion estimation optimization for H.264/AVC

In H.264/AVC standard, motion estimation can be processed on multiple reference frames (MRF) to improve the video coding performance. The computation is also increased in proportion to the reference frame number. Many software oriented fast multiple reference frames motion estimation (MRF-ME) algorithms have been proposed. However, for the VLSI real-time encoder, the heavy computation of fractional motion estimation (FME) makes the integer motion estimation (IME) and FME must be scheduled in two macro block (MB) pipeline stages, which makes many fast MRF-ME algorithms inefficient. In this paper, one edge gradient detection based algorithm is provided to reduce the computation of MRF-ME. The image being rich of texture and sharp edges contains much high frequency signal and this nature makes MRF-ME essential. Through analyzing the edges' gradient, we just perform MRF-ME on those blocks with sharp edges, so the redundant ME computation can be efficiently reduced. Experimental results show that average 26.43% computation can be saved by our approach with the similar coding quality as the reference software. This proposed algorithm is friendly to hardwired encoder implementation. Moreover, the provided fast algorithms can be combined with other fast ME algorithms to further improve the performance.
Gene Flow by Selective Emigration as a Possible Cause for Personality Differences between Small Islands and Mainland Populations

Whether personality differences exist between populations is a controversial question. Even though such differences can be measured, it is still not clear whether they are due to individual phenotypic responses to the environment or whether they have a genetic influence. In a population survey we compared the personality traits of inhabitants of an Italian archipelago (the three Egadi islands; N = 622) with those of the closest mainland population (Trapani area; N = 106) and we found that personality differences between small populations can be detected. Islanders scored significantly lower on the personality traits of openness to experience and extraversion and higher on conscientiousness. We suggest that these personality trait differences could be an adaptive response to a confined socio–environmental niche, genetically produced by a strong, non–random gene flow in the last 20–25 generations, rather than the flexible response of islanders to environmental variables. To test this hypothesis, we compared subsets of the islander population classified by ancestry, birthplace, immigration and emigration and found that differences in extraversion can be accounted for by gene flow, while openness to experience and conscientiousness can also be accounted for by some gene–environment interactions. We propose a Personality Gene Flow hypothesis suggesting that, in small isolated communities, whenever there is strong, non–random emigration, paired with weak and random immigration, we can expect rapid genetic personality change within the population. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Polyomavirus detection in multiple sclerosis patients under natalizumab therapy: Profile and frequency of urinary shedding

Patients undergoing Natalizumab (NTZ) therapy are at risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML). Besides John Cunningham virus (JCV), BK polyomavirus might represent an additional concern for such patients since it can also infect CNS cells. Currently, data regarding the presence of anti‐JCV antibodies added to previous immunosuppressive therapy and prolonged NTZ therapy has been used to classify patients at risk of developing PML. Here, we investigated the profile shedding of JCV and BKV in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients during treatment with NTZ. Serial blood and urine samples from 97 MS patients receiving either NTZ or β‐interferon were investigated for polyomavirus shedding. While all blood samples tested negative, 36% of the patients shed polyomavirus in the urine in at least one time point. From these, 21.7%, 9.3%, and 5.1% shed JCV, BKV, and both polyomavirus, respectively. No difference was observed between the rates of urinary shedding of patients treated with NTZ (38.9%) and patients treated with other drugs (34.5%), also no PML event was diagnosed during the follow‐up. Therefore, urinary shedding might not be interfered by therapy condition. In our study, we also observed 14/27 (52%) of anti‐JCV antibodies prevalence, and nearly half of them (42%) did not present any event of urinary shedding during the follow‐up. J. Med. Virol. 89:528–534, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
COUNSELOR BEHAVIOR AS A FUNCTION OF AGE AND TEACHING EXPERIENCE

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship of age and years of teaching experience of first-year counselor education students to their end-of-practicum counseling behavior. Data were obtained from a 15-minute role-played interview which was typed and classified from typescripts by means of the Porter Interview Analysis Scale. The results showed that when counselor age and amount of prior teaching are viewed separately, they tend to have different effects on counseling behavior. Beginning students who are older prefer to use Interpretive and Information-Giving responses. With increased teaching experience, older students rely less upon Interpretation and Probing responses. The conclusion is that much of the variance in counseling behavior formerly attributed to amount of teaching experience could actually be a function of the counselor's age.
Three Structure-Selective Endonucleases Are Essential in the Absence of BLM Helicase in Drosophila

DNA repair mechanisms in mitotically proliferating cells avoid generating crossovers, which can contribute to genome instability. Most models for the production of crossovers involve an intermediate with one or more four-stranded Holliday junctions (HJs), which are resolved into duplex molecules through cleavage by specialized endonucleases. In vitro studies have implicated three nuclear enzymes in HJ resolution: MUS81–EME1/Mms4, GEN1/Yen1, and SLX4–SLX1. The Bloom syndrome helicase, BLM, plays key roles in preventing mitotic crossover, either by blocking the formation of HJ intermediates or by removing HJs without cleavage. Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutants that lack Sgs1 (the BLM ortholog) and either Mus81–Mms4 or Slx4–Slx1 are inviable, but mutants that lack Sgs1 and Yen1 are viable. The current view is that Yen1 serves primarily as a backup to Mus81–Mms4. Previous studies with Drosophila melanogaster showed that, as in yeast, loss of both DmBLM and MUS81 or MUS312 (the ortholog of SLX4) is lethal. We have now recovered and analyzed mutations in Drosophila Gen. As in yeast, there is some redundancy between Gen and mus81; however, in contrast to the case in yeast, GEN plays a more predominant role in responding to DNA damage than MUS81–MMS4. Furthermore, loss of DmBLM and GEN leads to lethality early in development. We present a comparison of phenotypes occurring in double mutants that lack DmBLM and either MUS81, GEN, or MUS312, including chromosome instability and deficiencies in cell proliferation. Our studies of synthetic lethality provide insights into the multiple functions of DmBLM and how various endonucleases may function when DmBLM is absent.
PATTERNS OF INTERDEPENDENCE IN WORK TEAMS: A TWO‐LEVEL INVESTIGATION OF THE RELATIONS WITH JOB AND TEAM SATISFACTION

A questionnaire study in 17 school and 24 engineering teams examined affective reactions to task and goal interdependence at the group and individual level of analysis. Group-level task interdependence was positively related to group members' job and team satisfaction. Within-group differences in the degree of task interdependence were unrelated to affective responses. Interactions revealed that within-group task interdependence is positively related to both job and team satisfaction only if the degree of goal interdependence in the work team is high.
Point Sources in the Context of Future SZ Surveys

We look at the impact of infrared (IR) and radio point sources on upcoming large-yield Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) cluster surveys such as those to be undertaken by the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX), the South Pole Telescope (SPT), and the Atacama Cosmology Telescope (ACT). The IR and radio point-source counts are based on observations by the Submillimeter Common-User Bolometric Array (SCUBA) and the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) instruments, respectively. We show that the contributions from IR-source counts, when extrapolated from the SCUBA frequency of 350 GHz to the operating frequencies of these surveys (~100-300 GHz), can be a significant source of additional noise, which needs to be accounted for in order to extract the optimal science from these surveys. These surveys give us an opportunity to study IR sources, their numbers and clustering properties, opening a new window to the high-redshift universe. For the radio point sources, the contribution depends on a more uncertain extrapolation from 40 GHz, but is comparable to the IR near 200 GHz. However, the radio signal may be correlated with clusters of galaxies and have a disproportionately larger effect.
Situational panic attacks: Impact on distress and impairment among patients with social phobia

To investigate the impact of situational panic attacks in social phobia, this study examined symptoms of social anxiety and avoidance, dysfunction, and associated psychopathology among individuals with social phobia who experience situational panic attacks, individuals meeting criteria for both social phobia and panic disorder, and individuals with social phobia but no report of panic attacks.
Formal Operations and Learning Style Predict Success in Statistics and Computer Science Courses

Measures of formal operations and learning style predicted success in introductory statistics and computer science courses. Using a final course grade cutoff of 80% or better as a criterion of success in the course, a discriminant analysis correctly classified 81% of the statistics students and 72% of the computer science students. Success was related to the presence of the ability to act as a formal operator and to the absence of a reliance on the concrete experiences learning style. These findings highlight the need to examine both cognitive maturity and learning style in studies of academic success at the college level.
New roles of science in society: Different repertoires of knowledge brokering

It has been suggested that in order to address current complex problems, scientists have to take on new roles that link the production and use of knowledge. However, what exactly these new roles mean is often not clearly identified. This paper contributes to this by discussing relevant literature related to different roles of science in society and by presenting the results of a study on the perspectives and activities of knowledge brokering. We identify three knowledge brokering repertoires: supplying, bridging and facilitating, which differ with respect to whether they maintain clear boundaries between knowledge production and use or set out to blur them. Based on our findings, we conclude that new roles of science not only afford, but may even strengthen traditional disciplinary scientific ideals. Thus, it is crucial to look beyond the intentions and ideals of new roles of science to how they are taken up in practice. Copyright The Author 2013. Published by Oxford University Press. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com, Oxford University Press.
Cabinet Terminations and Critical Events

We present an empirical assessment of Lupia and Strøm's noncooperative bargaining model of cabinet terminations. We construct a stochastic version of the model and derive several testable implications. As the next mandatory election approaches: (1) the probability of an early election increases; (2) a cabinet's risks of being replaced without an intermediate election may be flat or even decrease; and (3) the overall chance that a cabinet falls (for whatever reason) increases. Using nonparametric duration analysis on a 15-country data set, we find qualified support for the Lupia and Strøm model. We conclude that the strategic approach is more promising than the nonstrategic alternative, but a more fully dynamic strategic model will be required to account for the dynamics of cabinet stability.
NAADP+ initiates the Ca2+ response during fertilization of starfish oocytes

We have explored the role of the recently discovered second messenger nicotinic acid adenine nucleotide phosphate (NAADP+)inCa2+ swings that accompany the fertilization process in starfish oocytes. The injection of NAADP+ deep into the cytoplasm of oocytes matured by the hormone 1‐methylad‐enine (1‐MA), mobilized Ca2+ exclusively in the cortical layer, showing that the NAADP+‐sensitive Ca2+ pool is restricted to the subplasma membrane region of the cell. At variance with this, InsP3 initiated the liberation of Ca2+ next to the point of injection in the center of the cell. The initial cortical Ca2+ liberation induced by NAADP+ was followed by a spreading of the Ca2+ wave to the remainder of the cell and by a massive cortical granule exocytosis similar to that routinely observed on injection of InsP3. A striking difference in the responses to NAADP+ and InsP3 was revealed by the removal of the nucleus from immature oocytes, i.e., from oocytes not treated with 1‐MA. Whereas the Ca2+ response and the cortical granule exocytosis induced by NAADP+ were unaffected by the removal of the nucleus, the Ca2+ response promoted by InsP3 was significantly slowed. In addition, the cortical granule exocy‐tosis was completely abolished. When enucleated oocytes were fertilized, the spermatozoon still promoted the Ca2+ wave and normal cortical exocytosis, strongly suggesting that the Ca2+ response was mediated by NAADP+ and not by InsP3. InsP3‐sensitive Ca2+ stores may mediate the propagation of the wave initiated by NAADP+ since its spreading was strongly affected by removal of the nucleus. —Lim, D. , Kyozuka, K. , Gragnaniello, G. , Carafoli, E. , Santella, L. NAADP+ initiates the Ca2+ response during fertilization of starfish oocytes. FASEB J. 15, 2257–2267 (2001)
Charting the liquidity of online news

Terms such as liquid, dynamic and fluid news have been used to illustrate and emphasize the ever-changing, user-influenced and border-crossing nature of contemporary online news. However, although often used, what such terms actually denote often remains unspecified, and no existing studies have tried to propose a way to measure and analyse the impact of liquidity’s potential on authentic online news. The three-fold purpose of this exploratory study is therefore to move towards a clearer understanding of liquid news and to propose and explore a method of empirically measuring online news’s liquidity.
Respiratory Mechanics and Intrinsic PEEP during Ketamine and Halothane Anesthesia in Young Children

Static compliance of the respiratory system (Crs) was measured by the interrupter technique in 18 anesthetized children to compare the effects of ketamine on Crs with those of halothane. Crs was the slope of the pressure-volume (P-V) curve obtained by repeated brief airway occlusions throughout relaxed expiration, and the intercept of the P-V curve on the pressure axis was the intrinsic positive end-expiratory airway pressure (PEEPi). Expiratory time (Te) was measured during a period of quiet breathing, and the passive expiratory time constant (τ) was measured during the relaxed expiration after an end-inspiratory occlusion. Nine children were anesthetized with a continuous infusion of ketamine and a matching group of nine children inhaled halothane in oxygen. Crs was significantly greater in the ketamine group (22.8 ± 6.2 ml/cm H2O) than in the halothane group (15.7 ± 5.5 ml/cm H2O). The τ value was also significantly greater in the ketamine group. Mean PEEPi in the ketamine group was 2.3 ± 1.8 cm H2O and in the halothane group was 0.4 ± 0.8 cm H2O. PEEPi correlated inversely with Te/τ according to a logarithmic function. It was concluded that, in children anesthetized with ketamine, Crs is significantly greater than that in children anesthetized with halothane, and the resultant prolongation of ± and decreased Te/τ with ketamine anesthesia lead to increased PEEPi.
Promoter evolution in BK virus: functional elements are created at sequence junctions

The archetypal strain of BK virus directed very little early gene expression compared with rearranged laboratory strains of the virus. One laboratory strain that was analyzed in detail contained newly created AP-1 binding enhancer modules spanning the junction between adjacent sequence repeats. Introduction of these sequences into the archetype activated the previously quiescent early promoter.
Multi-criteria Recommendations through Preference Learning

In today's internet era, recommender system (RS) addresses information overload problem, which is common in many information driven domains. RS helps users chose a set of appropriate options from a plethora of options. Traditional single rating recommender systems have been playing a vital role over the decades in various domains. However, it is limited in a sense of providing user's accurate preferences about an item or services to the recommendation engine. The single rating recommender systems receive a single rating about an item, due to which these systems are inadequate to understand the reasons behind users' choice of items. On the other hand, multi-criteria rating systems allow the users to share more information about user's interest/ disinterest through multiple criteria of an item. Therefore, the multi-criteria recommender engine gets more information from the users and provides relevant recommendations to the users. In this paper, we propose a novel technique to learn and rank users' preferences over different criteria. Dominant criteria of each item are also learnt and ranked in the proposed technique. The obtained ranks are exploited to predict the overall rating by adapting the traditional user-based and item-based collaborative filtering techniques. We conducted experiments on two real world datasets (TripAdvisor and Yahoo! Movies) and our approach outperforms the traditional single rating systems and existing approaches on multi-criteria recommender systems.
Is the timing of post-vasectomy seminal analysis important?

OBJECTIVE To review the practice in two hospitals with differing protocols in the timing of seminal analysis after vasectomy. PATIENTS AND METHODS The results from 245 vasectomies carried out at Hospital A, where semen was assessed 3 months after vasectomy, were reviewed and compared with those from 100 consecutive vasectomies at Hospital B, where semen was assessed 6 months after vasectomy. The results of seminal analysis at Hospital A were also audited after changing to the 6-month protocol. The patients' preferences for the timing of seminal analysis were also obtained. RESULTS Of the 245 patients at Hospital A, 58 (24%) failed to provide samples, leaving 187 (76%) for evaluation; 528 samples were examined (mean 2.8 per patient, range 1-13). The first sample was positive in 36 (19.3%) and the second positive in 10 (5.3%), the first being negative. Four (2%) patients had persistent spermatozoa at 6 months, one subsequently undergoing exploration. Thirty-one (17%) patients provided further samples despite providing two consecutive clear ones. At Hospital B, 24 (24%) patients failed to provide samples; 10 (13%) patients had persistent spermatozoa at 6 months and live spermatozoa were detected in one patient's samples. All eventually produced clear samples, with none requiring exploration. After changing the protocol, 87 vasectomies were performed, with 18 (21%) patients failing to provide samples; seven (10%) of the samples collected showed occasional nonmotile spermatozoa at 6 months in either the first, second or both samples, with all samples clear by 8 months after vasectomy. CONCLUSIONS The complete disappearance of spermatozoa after vasectomy takes longer than is generally believed and we therefore suggest that given adequate counselling, seminal analysis 6 months after vasectomy is cost-effective and in the patient's interest.
Sahlqvist theory for hybrid logic

All these aspects are combined in the work he did in the last phase of his career: the master of logic program at the ILLC. The dialogue between the world —embodied in the highly mixed group of foreign students— and the ILLC has been enormously beneficial for both sides. We do not exaggerate if we say that the lives of all three authors of this little work have been enormously enriched through this part of Dick’s work.