Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Simple Measures of Function and Symptoms in Hospitalized Heart Failure Patients Predict Short-Term Cardiac Event-Free Survival

Background. Heart failure (HF) is a prevalent chronic condition where patients experience numerous uncomfortable symptoms, low functional status, and high mortality rates. Objective. To determine whether function and/or symptoms predict cardiac event-free survival in hospitalized HF patients within 90 days of hospital discharge. Methods. Inpatients (N = 32) had HF symptoms assessed with 4 yes/no questions. Function was determined with NYHA Classification, Katz Index of Activities of Daily Living (ADLs), and directly with the short physical performance battery (SPPB). Survival was analyzed with time to the first postdischarge cardiac event with events defined as cardiac rehospitalization, heart transplantation, or death. Results. Mean age was 58.2 ± 13.6 years. Patient reported ADL function was nearly independent (5.6 ± 1.1) while direct measure (SPPB) showed moderate functional limitation (6.4 ± 3.1). Within 90 days, 40.6% patients had a cardiac event. At discharge, each increase in NYHA Classification was associated with a 3.4-fold higher risk of cardiac events (95% CI 1.4–8.5). Patients reporting symptoms of dyspnea, fatigue, and orthopnea before discharge had a 4.0-fold, 9.7-fold, and 12.8-fold, respectively, greater risk of cardiac events (95% CI 1.2–13.2; 1.2–75.1; 1.7–99.7). Conclusions. Simple assessments of function and symptoms easily performed at discharge may predict short-term cardiac outcomes in hospitalized HF patients.
Reproducing Statistical Results

The reproducibility of statistical findings has become a concern not only for statisticians, but for all researchers engaged in empirical discovery. Section 2 of this article identifies key reasons statistical findings may not replicate, including power and sampling issues; misapplication of statistical tests; the instability of findings under reasonable perturbations of data or models; lack of access to methods, data, or equipment; and cultural barriers such as researcher incentives and rewards. Section 3 discusses five proposed remedies for these replication failures: improved prepublication and postpublication validation of findings; the complete disclosure of research steps; assessment of the stability of statistical findings; providing access to digital research objects, in particular data and software; and ensuring these objects are legally reusable.
A 3-query PCP over integers

A classic result due to Haastad~hastad established that for every constant ε > 0, given an overdetermined system of linear equations over a finite field Fq where each equation depends on exactly 3 variables and at least a fraction (1-ε) of the equations can be satisfied, it is NP-hard to satisfy even a fraction (1/q+ε) of the equations. In this work, we prove the analog of Håstad's result for equations over the integers (as well as the reals). Formally, we prove that for every ε,δ > 0, given a system of linear equations with integer coefficients where each equation is on 3 variables, it is NP-hard to distinguish between the following two cases: (i) There is an assignment of integer values to the variables that satisfies at least a fraction (1-ε) of the equations, and (ii) No assignmenteven of real values to the variables satisfies more than a fraction δ of the equations.
Are PECTIN ESTERASE INHIBITOR Genes Involved in Mediating Resistance to Rhynchosporium commune in Barley?

A family of putative PECTIN ESTERASE INHIBITOR (PEI) genes, which were detected in the genomic region co-segregating with the resistance gene Rrs2 against scald caused by Rhynchosporium commune in barley, were characterized and tested for their possible involvement in mediating resistance to the pathogen by complementation and overexpression analysis. The sequences of the respective genes were derived from two BAC contigs originating from the susceptible cultivar ‘Morex’. For the genes HvPEI2, HvPEI3, HvPEI4 and HvPEI6, specific haplotypes for 18 resistant and 23 susceptible cultivars were detected after PCR-amplification and haplotype-specific CAPS-markers were developed. None of the tested candidate genes HvPEI2, HvPEI3 and HvPEI4 alone conferred a high resistance level in transgenic over-expression plants, though an improvement of the resistance level was observed especially with OE-lines for gene HvPEI4. These results do not confirm but also do not exclude an involvement of the PEI gene family in the response to the pathogen. A candidate for the resistance gene Rrs2 could not be identified yet. It is possible that Rrs2 is a PEI gene or another type of gene which has not been detected in the susceptible cultivar ‘Morex’ or the full resistance reaction requires the presence of several PEI genes.
Factors predicting surgical site infection after posterior lumbar surgery

Abstract This is a retrospective study. The purpose of this study is to explore incidence and risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) after posterior lumbar surgery. SSI is a common complication after posterior lumbar surgery, bringing mental and physical pain and prolonging hospital stay. However, predisposing factors, as reported less, remain controversial. Patients who underwent posterior lumbar surgery at 3 centers between 2006 and 2016 were included. The possible factors include 3 aspects: demographic variables-age, sex, body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip radio (WHR), hypertension, diabetes, heart disease, smoking, drinking, steroidal injection, surgical time between June and September, preoperative shower; blood test variables-white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, red blood cell (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb), total protein (TP), albumin, albumin/globulin (A/G), C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and surgical related variables-operation time, blood loss, operative level, instrumentation, incision length. Factors related with SSI were also performed by multivariate analysis. The prevalence of SSI was 3.00% (267 cases of 8879) had a postoperative wound infection. There were significant difference in WHR (0.92 vs 0.83), WBC (4.31 vs 6.69), TP (58.7 vs 65.2), albumin (36.9 vs 43.2), CRP (2.01 vs 0.57), PCT (0.097 vs 0.067), operation time (217.9 vs 195.7), blood loss (997.1 vs 915.3) and operative level (3.05 vs 2.45) and incision length (24.1 vs 20.0) between SSI group and non-SSI group. >60 years old, female, BMI <18.5 and >30.0, diabetes, male smoking, preoperative steroidal injection, surgical time between June and September, no preoperative shower, instrumentation surgery were risk factors for SSI after posterior lumbar surgery. Many factors, >60 years old, female, BMI, WHR, diabetes, male smoking, preoperative steroidal injection, surgical time between June and September, preoperative shower, WBC, TP, albumin, CRP, PCT, operation time, blood loss and operative level, instrumentation surgery and incision length, could predict SSI after posterior lumbar surgery. Measure should be taken before surgery to lower incidence of SSI after surgery.
The influence of intersensory discrepancy on visuo-haptic integration is similar in 6-year-old children and adults

When participants are given the opportunity to simultaneously feel an object and see it through a magnifying or reducing lens, adults estimate object size to be in-between visual and haptic size. Studies with young children, however, seem to demonstrate that their estimates are dominated by a single sense. In the present study, we examined whether this age difference observed in previous studies, can be accounted for by the large discrepancy between felt and seen size in the stimuli used in those studies. In addition, we studied the processes involved in combining the visual and haptic inputs. Adults and 6-year-old children judged objects that were presented to vision, haptics or simultaneously to both senses. The seen object length was reduced or magnified by different lenses. In the condition inducing large intersensory discrepancies, children's judgments in visuo-haptic conditions were almost dominated by vision, whereas adults weighted vision just by ~40%. Neither the adults' nor the children's discrimination thresholds were predicted by models of visuo-haptic integration. With smaller discrepancies, the children's visual weight approximated that of the adults and both the children's and adults' discrimination thresholds were well predicted by an integration model, which assumes that both visual and haptic inputs contribute to each single judgment. We conclude that children integrate seemingly corresponding multisensory information in similar ways as adults do, but focus on a single sense, when information from different senses is strongly discrepant.
Complexities of splashing

We study the impact of a drop of liquid onto a thin layer of the same liquid. We give an overview of the sequence of events that occur as the two most important dimensionless control parameters are varied. In particular, multiple cohorts of droplets can be ejected at different stages after impact due to different mechanisms. Edgerton's famous Milkdrop Coronet is only observed for a narrow range of parameters. Outside this range, the splash is either qualitatively different, or suffers from a much lower level of regularity.
The Concept of Home Care Nursing Workload: Analysis and Significance

The concept of home care nursing workload has not been widely studied and no evidence was found that an analysis of the concept had been undertaken. Consequently, there was a knowledge gap regarding the definition and attributes for the concept of home care nursing workload as it is currently experienced. To address that gap, a descriptive, three-phase, mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) study was conducted. In Phase One, Rodgers’ (2000) evolutionary method was used to analyze the concept of home care nursing workload based on the empirical literature. Phase Two was situated within the naturalistic inquiry paradigm and involved observation of ten home care registered nurses during their visits to 61 patients. In Phase three a questionnaire was administered to validate the draft definition and attributes for the concept of home care nursing workload. It was completed by 88 home care nursing experts from clinical practice, education, management and research. Qualitative findings were analyzed using inductive content analysis. Quantitative data were analyzed descriptively using SPSS. Data triangulation was used extensively within and between
Body image among three denominations of Jewish women in Israel

ABSTRACT Religious identity has been shown to be related to women’s healthy body image, though research is still scarce, with most of it having been carried out in the context of the Christian religion. We used measures of positive body image (Body Appreciation Scale) and negative body image (Body Image Concern Inventory) as well as body care attitude (Body Care Subscale) to study 230 women belonging to three Jewish denominations in Israel in mid 2013. Compared to modern-Orthodox and secular Jewish women, ultra-Orthodox Jewish women were found to possess a more positive and less negative body image; they also exhibited more positive attitudes regarding body care. Regarding body satisfaction, modern-Orthodox women were shown to be significantly more satisfied than were the secular women. This reflects a continuum, ranging between secular, modern-Orthodox, and ultra-Orthodox women regarding body image in all its aspects. The possible protective power of religion regarding body image is discussed in light of possible underlining mechanisms.
Boys in middle childhood placed in a clinic school : experiences of sexual abuse

This study formed part of a larger research project, which aimed to develop an intervention strategy to support sexually abused boys in their middle childhood placed in a clinic school. The experiences of these boys were explored in this study. For the purpose of this study seven sexually abused boys in their middle childhood (9-12 years) placed in two clinic schools in Gauteng fitted the criteria for inclusion in the study and were selected through purposive sampling. Data were obtained through four in-depth interviews with each participant. These data were then thematically analysed. From the results it was clear that sexually abused boys placed in clinic schools exhibit intensified emotional reactions, as well as certain problems associated with male child sexual abuse. The intensified emotional reactions included a deep sense of sadness and helplessness, a sense of guilt and shame, a sense of dissociation and numbness, avoidance of situations associated with male child sexual abuse, fear of recurring incidents and the re-experiencing of the trauma. The problems associated with male child sexual abuse included concerns regarding own sexuality, difficulties in interacting with other people, dealing with anger and aggression, displaying self-destructive behaviour and difficulties to cope with schoolwork.
How stigma gets under the skin: the role of stigma, self-stigma and self-esteem in subjective recovery from psychosis

Abstract This study examined the impact of stigma on subjective recovery from psychosis, and whether self-esteem and internalised stigma (self-directed negative attitudes and thoughts regarding one’s mental health issues) mediates the observed associations between stigmatising experiences and outcome. Fifty-nine services-users with schizophrenia or bipolar affective disorder diagnoses completed symptom (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale) and subjective recovery (Process of Recovery Questionnaire) measures, as well as stigma measures (the King Stigma Scale, Internalised Stigma of Mental Illness Scale), and the Self-Esteem Rating Scale. Diagnosis was a persistently significant factor in all analyses, suggesting a negative effect of the term “schizophrenia” on subjective recovery. In a multiple serial mediation analysis, experiences of stigma predicated subjective recovery and this effect was mediated through internalised stigma, which consequently impaired self-esteem. Internalised stigma is an important psychological mechanism in recovery. Interventions aimed at improving self-esteem and recovery feelings for psychosis-spectrum service-users may benefit from taking the role of internalised stigma into account.
Virtual Replicas for Remote Assistance in Virtual and Augmented Reality

In many complex tasks, a remote subject-matter expert may need to assist a local user to guide actions on objects in the local user's environment. However, effective spatial referencing and action demonstration in a remote physical environment can be challenging. We introduce two approaches that use Virtual Reality (VR) or Augmented Reality (AR) for the remote expert, and AR for the local user, each wearing a stereo head-worn display. Both approaches allow the expert to create and manipulate virtual replicas of physical objects in the local environment to refer to parts of those physical objects and to indicate actions on them. This can be especially useful for parts that are occluded or difficult to access. In one approach, the expert points in 3D to portions of virtual replicas to annotate them. In another approach, the expert demonstrates actions in 3D by manipulating virtual replicas, supported by constraints and annotations. We performed a user study of a 6DOF alignment task, a key operation in many physical task domains, comparing both approaches to an approach in which the expert uses a 2D tablet-based drawing system similar to ones developed for prior work on remote assistance. The study showed the 3D demonstration approach to be faster than the others. In addition, the 3D pointing approach was faster than the 2D tablet in the case of a highly trained expert.
The Impact of Different Types of Satisfaction on C2C Platform Loyalty

Online satisfaction is regarded as an important construct in both the marketing and IS literatures. However, online satisfaction has been treated primarily as a unified concept in previous research, some researchers indicate that satisfaction can be differentiated into several types. We identify four types of customer satisfaction in the C2C online shopping context, viz.: economic satisfaction, social satisfaction, transaction-specific satisfaction and overall satisfaction. In addition, we identify the different antecedents and consequences of these four types of satisfaction. The results of a survey of 239 online buyers indicate that economic satisfaction is positively related to price, product quality and service quality, while social satisfaction is positively related to relationship with the sellers and service quality. Both economic satisfaction and social satisfaction exert a positive impact on overall satisfaction with the website. Finally, all these types of satisfaction can lead to online loyalty. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
Immaturities in Reward Processing and Its Influence on Inhibitory Control in Adolescence

The nature of immature reward processing and the influence of rewards on basic elements of cognitive control during adolescence are currently not well understood. Here, during functional magnetic resonance imaging, healthy adolescents and adults performed a modified antisaccade task in which trial-by-trial reward contingencies were manipulated. The use of a novel fast, event-related design enabled developmental differences in brain function underlying temporally distinct stages of reward processing and response inhibition to be assessed. Reward trials compared with neutral trials resulted in faster correct inhibitory responses across ages and in fewer inhibitory errors in adolescents. During reward trials, the blood oxygen level–dependent signal was attenuated in the ventral striatum in adolescents during cue assessment, then overactive during response preparation, suggesting limitations during adolescence in reward assessment and heightened reactivity in anticipation of reward compared with adults. Importantly, heightened activity in the frontal cortex along the precentral sulcus was also observed in adolescents during reward-trial response preparation, suggesting reward modulation of oculomotor control regions supporting correct inhibitory responding. Collectively, this work characterizes specific immaturities in adolescent brain systems that support reward processing and describes the influence of reward on inhibitory control. In sum, our findings suggest mechanisms that may underlie adolescents’ vulnerability to poor decision-making and risk-taking behavior.
A Nonlinear Iterative Reconstruction and Analysis Approach to Shape-Based Approximate Electromagnetic Tomography

A nonlinear Helmholtz-equation-modeled electromagnetic tomographic reconstruction problem is solved for the object boundary and inhomogeneity parameters in a damped Tikhonov-regularized Gauss-Newton (DTRGN) solution framework. In this paper, the object is represented in a suitable global basis, whereas the boundary is expressed as the zero level set of a signed-distance function. For an explicit parameterized boundary-representation-based reconstruction scheme, analytical Jacobian and Hessian calculations are made to express the changes in scattered field values w.r. t. changes in the inhomogeneity parameters and the control points in a spline representation of the object boundary, via the use of a level-set representation of the object. Even though, in this paper, a homogeneous dielectric is considered and a spline representation has been used to represent the boundary, the formulation can be used for a general global basis representation of the inhomogeneity as well as arbitrary parameterizations of the boundary, and is generalizable to three dimensions. Reconstruction results are presented for test cases of landminelike dielectric objects embedded in the ground under noisy data conditions. To confirm convergence and, at times, to know which of the obtained iterates are closer to the actual unknown solution, using a perturbation theory framework, a local (Hessian-based) convergence analysis is applied to the DTRGN scheme for the reconstruction, yielding estimates of convergence rates in the residual and parameter spaces.
EVALUATION OF OHIO'S RECLAIM FUNDED PROGRAMS, COMMUNITY CORRECTIONAL FACILITIES, AND DYS FACILITIES COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS SUPPLEMENTAL REPORT

This report contains the results of analyses that supplement the RECLAIM evaluation conducted earlier in 2005. The RECLAIM evaluation report indicated that the RECLAIM funded programs were the appropriate types of placements for low and moderate risk youth. The effectiveness of RECLAIM programs with high and very-high risk youth was not substantiated; in fact the data indicated that higher risk youth were better served by residential placement in a DYS facility or CCF. The current analyses were designed to determine if the RECLAIM funded programs are cost-effective taking recidivism rates into account. The results of the current analyses indicated that the RECLAIM funded programs are less costly to operate and additional savings in lower recidivism rates are recognized for low and moderate risk youth. While use of the RECLAIM programs for high and very-high risk cases is still less expensive than the use of DYS or CCF, the slightly higher recidivism rates favor using more costly interventions.
Defining and measuring work engagement : Bringing clarity to the concept

Engagement has become a rather popular term, first in business and consultancy, and recently also in academia. The origin of the term “employee engagement” is not entirely clear, but most likely it was first used in the 1990s by the Gallup organization (Buckingham & Coffman, 1999). Although the phrases “employee engagement” and “work engagement” are typically used interchangeably we prefer the latter because it is more specific. Namely, work engagement refers to the relationship of the employee with his or her work, whereas employee engagement may also include the relationship with the organization. As we will see in the section on “Engagement in business”, by including the relationship with the organization the distinction between engagement and traditional concepts such as organizational commitment and extra-role behavior gets blurred. The current popularity of engagement is illustrated by Table 2.1. An internet search yielded almost 650,000 hits though narrowing the search down to only scholarly publications – many of them from the gray area (e.g., white papers, fact sheets, and consultancy reports) – reduced the number of hits to less than 2000. These impressive numbers stand in sharp contrast to the dearth of publications on engagement that are included in PsycINFO, the leading database of academic publications in psychology. The most comprehensive PsycINFO search revealed one hundred publications with either “employee engagement” or “work engagement” in the title or in the abstract