Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Home and school connections in schools of the future: Implications of research on parent involvement

Schools are at the crossroads of yesterday's traditions, today's demographics, and tomorrow's technologies. This three-way intersection is, at this time, a hazardous crossing. We are getting a variety of messages about whether and how to proceed to improve schools. We are seeing red signals to stop and head back toward traditional curricular designs with all students taking the same courses, as if all students were headed in the same direction. We are seeing yellow signals of caution about innovative curricula, school and business partnerships, changing teachers' roles, and changing the structures for teachers' salaries. We are getting green signals to go quickly in many directions with technological advances, to invigorate the students' role away from passive toward active learning, and to prepare students for the demands of society in the future. Although it may be easier and safer not to cross the street at all, it is more interesting to step, with due caution, in new directions to improve education. One new direction involves parents. Schools of the future will improve, it is believed, if schools and families, teachers and parents, understand each other's potential for improving the education of the children they share. Studies have been conducted
Probabilistic-Based Semantic Image Feature Using Visual Words

This paper presents a new image feature that is based on a semantic-level perspective in order to bridge the semantic gap between low-level features of images and high-level concepts of human perception. In this work, low-level image features are first quantized into a set of visual words, and then we apply probabilistic Latent Semantic Analysis model to automatically analyze what kinds of hidden concepts between visual words and images are involved. Therefore, we collect discovered concepts of an image and filter a part of unreliable concepts out to build a semantic-based image feature. We also discuss in detail how to define parameters for extracting the proposed feature. Several experiments are presented to show the efficiency of this work.
Brain Networks Involved in Early versus Late Response Anticipation and Their Relation to Conflict Processing

Previous electrophysiological studies have clearly identified separable neural events underlying early and late components of response anticipation. Functional neuroimaging studies, however, have so far failed to account for this separation. Here, we performed functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) of an anticipation paradigm in 12 healthy adult subjects that reliably produced early and late expectancy waves in the electroencephalogram. We furthermore compared fMRI activations elicited during early and late anticipation to those associated with response conflict. Our results demonstrate the existence of distinct cortical and subcortical brain regions underlying early and late anticipation. Although late anticipatory behavior was associated with activations in dorsal ACC, frontal cortex, and thalamus, brain responses linked to the early expectancy wave were localized mainly in motor and premotor cortical areas as well as the caudate nucleus. Additionally, late anticipation was associated with increased activity in midbrain dopaminergic nuclei, very likely corresponding to the substantia nigra. Furthermore, whereas regions involved in late anticipation proved to be very similar to activations elicited by response conflict, this was not the case for early anticipation. The current study supports a distinction between early and late anticipatory processes, in line with a plethora of neurophysiological work, and for the first time describes the brain structures differentially involved in these processes.
Spironolactone Attenuates Bleomycin-Induced Pulmonary Injury Partially via Modulating Mononuclear Phagocyte Phenotype Switching in Circulating and Alveolar Compartments

Background Recent experimental studies provide evidence indicating that manipulation of the mononuclear phagocyte phenotype could be a feasible approach to alter the severity and persistence of pulmonary injury and fibrosis. Mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) has been reported as a target to regulate macrophage polarization. The present work was designed to investigate the therapeutic potential of MR antagonism in bleomycin-induced acute lung injury and fibrosis. Methodology/Principal Findings We first demonstrated the expression of MR in magnetic bead-purified Ly6G-/CD11b+ circulating monocytes and in alveolar macrophages harvested in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from C57BL/6 mice. Then, a pharmacological intervention study using spironolactone (20mg/kg/day by oral gavage) revealed that MR antagonism led to decreased inflammatory cell infiltration, cytokine production (downregulated monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, transforming growth factor β1, and interleukin-1β at mRNA and protein levels) and collagen deposition (decreased lung total hydroxyproline content and collagen positive area by Masson’ trichrome staining) in bleomycin treated (2.5mg/kg, via oropharyngeal instillation) male C57BL/6 mice. Moreover, serial flow cytometry analysis in blood, BALF and enzymatically digested lung tissue, revealed that spironolactone could partially inhibit bleomycin-induced circulating Ly6Chi monocyte expansion, and reduce alternative activation (F4/80+CD11c+CD206+) of mononuclear phagocyte in alveoli, whereas the phenotype of interstitial macrophage (F4/80+CD11c-) remained unaffected by spironolactone during investigation. Conclusions/Significance The present work provides the experimental evidence that spironolactone could attenuate bleomycin-induced acute pulmonary injury and fibrosis, partially via inhibition of MR-mediated circulating monocyte and alveolar macrophage phenotype switching.
Vocational Services as Intervention for Substance Abuse Rehabilitation: Implications for Addiction Studies Education

ABSTRACT This study examined factors influencing employment outcomes of people with substance-related disorders (SRDs) in state vocational rehabilitation (VR) agencies. The sample included 34,774 VR clients with SRDs from fiscal year 2001. Mean age of participants was 38.35 years. Predictor variables included personal and service variables and the criterion was employment. The chi-squared automatic interaction detector (CHAID) analysis indicated that job placement was the most significant predictor of employment for people with SRDs. Additional variables predicting employment were other services, substantial counseling, restoration services, case expenditures, being married, and work disincentives. The CHAID analysis provided useful information about effective VR services for people with SRDs. Implications for addictive studies education were discussed.
Stable same-sex friendships with higher achieving partners promote mathematical reasoning in lower achieving primary school children.

This study was designed to investigate friend influence over mathematical reasoning in a sample of 374 children in 187 same-sex friend dyads (184 girls in 92 friendships; 190 boys in 95 friendships). Participants completed surveys that measured mathematical reasoning in the 3rd grade (approximately 9 years old) and 1 year later in the 4th grade (approximately 10 years old). Analyses designed for dyadic data (i.e., longitudinal actor-partner interdependence model) indicated that higher achieving friends influenced the mathematical reasoning of lower achieving friends, but not the reverse. Specifically, greater initial levels of mathematical reasoning among higher achieving partners in the 3rd grade predicted greater increases in mathematical reasoning from 3rd grade to 4th grade among lower achieving partners. These effects held after controlling for peer acceptance and rejection, task avoidance, interest in mathematics, maternal support for homework, parental education, length of the friendship, and friendship group norms on mathematical reasoning.
What Is an Output?

A recurrent idea in the history of psychology is that one is conscious of outputs but not of the complex processes underlying the generation of outputs, which is evident in the out-of-the-blue, “eureka-like” experiences associated with intuition. We examine how this idea may suffer from a logical fallacy and may thus have inadvertently hindered progress on the study of the intimate liaisons among high-level central processes, intuition, and overt action. It is proposed that, for various reasons, the only undisputable output in the nervous system is overt action. Once this is accepted, the overlooked relationship between conscious central processes and overt action can be examined. A review of the evidence reveals that conscious processing is in the business of, not low-level perceptual processing, motor control, or action production per se, but of constraining a peculiar form of knowledge-based, integrated action-goal selection, which can lead to integrated actions such as holding one's breath. Unconscious processing can influence behavior indirectly, by producing these conscious constraining dimensions that modulate action-goal selection, or directly, through unintegrated actions such as reflexively inhaling or responding to a subliminal stimulus. From this standpoint, eureka-like intuitions reflect not an atypical brain process but the general nature by which unconscious machinations influence action either directly or indirectly, through the limited purview of consciousness.
Managing depression in medical outpatients.

Depression is second only to hypertension as the most common chronic condition encountered in general medical practice.1 At least 1 in 10 outpatients has major depression, but most cases are unrecognized or inappropriately treated,2–4 leading to loss of productivity, functional decline, and increased mortality.5–9 Appropriate therapy improves the daily functioning and overall health of patients with depression.10,11 Diagnosis Major depression is defined by depressed mood or loss of interest in nearly all activities (or both) for at least two weeks, accompanied by a minimum of three or four of the following symptoms (for a total of at .
Journal of Translational Medicine the Changes of Cd4+cd25+/cd4+ Proportion in Spleen of Tumor-bearing Balb/c Mice

CD4+CD25+ regulatory T lymphocytes (T R) constitute 5–10% of peripheral CD4+ T cells in naive mice and humans, and play an important role in controlling immune responses. Accumulating evidences show that T R cells are involved in some physiological processes and pathologic conditions such as autoimmune diseases, transplantation tolerance and cancer, and might be a promising therapeutic target for these diseases. To evaluate the change of CD4+CD25+ T R cells in mouse tumor models, CD4+CD25+ subset in peripheral blood and spleen lymphocytes from normal or C26 colon-carcinoma-bearing BABL/c mice were analyzed by flow cytometry using double staining with CD4 and CD25 antibodies. The proportion of CD4+CD25+/CD4+ in spleen lymphocytes was found to be higher than that in peripheral blood lymphocytes in normal mice. No difference was observed in the proportion in peripheral blood lymphocytes between tumor bearing mice and normal mice, while there was a significant increase in the proportion in spleen lymphocytes in tumor bearing mice as compared with normal mice. Moreover, the proportion increased in accordance with the increase in the tumor sizes. The increase in the proportion was due to the decrease in CD4+ in lymphocytes, which is resulted from decreased CD4+CD25-subset in lymphocytes. Our observation suggests the CD4+CD25+/CD4+ proportion in spleen lymphocytes might be a sensitive index to evaluate the T R in tumor mouse models, and our results provide some information on strategies of antitumor immunotherapy targeting CD4+CD25+ regulatory T lymphocytes.
2-Cyanoquinolin-1-ium hydrogen sulfate

The title salt, C10H7N2 +·HSO4 −, is formed by the transfer of a proton from H2SO4 to the N atom of 2-cyanoquinoline during crystallization. The quinoline ring system is approximately planar with a maximum deviation of 0.013 (3) Å. In the crystal, the cations are linked to the anions via intermolecular N—H⋯O, O—H⋯O and C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming a layered network.
The neuronal endoplasmic reticulum: its cytochemistry and contribution to the endomembrane system. I. Cell bodies and dendrites.

The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and its contribution to the endomembrane system (i.e., membranes of cell organelles) in the neuron have been investigated in brains of mice by applying electron microscopic enzyme cytochemistry for demonstration of glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) activity. The phosphohydrolytic activity of G6Pase is a well-known cytochemical marker for the ER in numerous cell types. Of the different substrates employed, glucose-6-phosphate and mannose-6-phosphate were the only two with which G6Pase reaction product was seen in the neuronal ER and organelles related morphologically to the ER. G6Pase activity in cell bodies and dendrites was localized consistently within the lumen of the nuclear envelope, rough and smooth ER, lamellar bodies, hypolemmal and subsurface cisternae, and frequently in the cis saccules of the Golgi apparatus. The G6Pase reactive ER appeared as a network of saccules and tubules pervading the cell body and its dendrites. Possible membrane continuities were identified between the ER and the other reactive structures, including the cis half of the Golgi apparatus. Neither G6Pase activity nor reactive ER was associated with the trans Golgi saccules or GERL. G6Pase activity thus serves as a reliable marker for the perikaryal and dendritic ER and related structures. These observations support the theory that the ER is an integral component of the neuronal endomembrane system associated with the transfer of membrane or membrane molecules among intracellular compartments, the packaging and transport of exportable protein, and energy metabolism. G6Pase activity in the ER of axons and terminals is considered in detail in part two of this study.
Manuels scolaires et culture régionale en Martinique

Dans cet article, est traitee l’insertion de la culture regionale antillaise a partir d’un echantillon de manuels scolaires utilises dans l’enseignement secondaire, a la rentree 2001-2002, en Martinique. Est abordee, en premier lieu, la portee des nouvelles instructions officielles dans l’elaboration des ouvrages, le but principal de ces instructions etant de tenir compte le mieux possible de la culture regionale, de l’histoire et de l’environnement geographique. Apres avoir defini la notion de « culture », est examine ensuite le contenu particulier des ouvrages en y recherchant la dimension culturelle des DOM. Enfin, les references a la litterature et a la culture antillaises sont recherchees dans les programmes elabores depuis la France. Si ces dernieres sont traditionnellement limitees, on constate tout de meme l’edition de nouveaux manuels qui proposent l’etude de l’histoire et de la geographie des Antilles, ce qui devrait permettre a terme aux apprenants de cette region de construire une identite qui leur soit propre.
Turkish EFL Teachers’ Assessment Preferences and Practices in the Context of Constructivist Instruction

The Ministry of Education in Turkey has been launching education programs based on constructivist learning since 2005 and this approach has led to innovation and renewal in education and teaching environments. This shift in education applications may have caused some changes in the education process, in educational tools and materials, in the design of learning environments and in testing and assessment. With a constructivist approach, multiple assessments for multiple learning applications are required to evaluate the extent to which the goals of an education program are being realized. However, assessment practices and purposes are mostly affected by teachers’ beliefs and attitudes about assessment. In this sense, the aim of this school survey is to investigate the assessment practices and habits of Turkish teachers of the English language. Further, this study investigates the teachers’ preferences, views, thoughts and feelings about assessment. This study was conducted with the participation of 95 Turkish EFL teachers working at primary and secondary schools in different districts of a city in Turkey. The data was collected through a questionnaire. The descriptive results showed that the teachers give less importance to listening and writing skills and also that speaking is perceived as the most challenging skill to assess. Furthermore, the inferential statistical results showed that male and female teachers have similar assessment preferences in their teaching process. Class size impacts upon the teachers’ assessment preferences significantly. Further, the teachers do not change their assessment preferences even if they receive assessment training during or before service and they frequently rely upon their personal assessment preferences. Finally, teaching hours and the number of quizzes did not affect their assessment preferences. The implications for education policy and practices are highlighted.
Temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma: Analyzing prognosis with univariate and multivariate models

Temporal bone squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is an uncommon malignancy accounting for less than 0.2% of head and neck cancers. Despite advances in its early diagnosis, skull base microsurgery, radiotherapy, and integrated treatments, prognosis in advanced SCCs remains dismal. The present study aimed to analyze the clinicopathological variables potentially influencing outcome in a series of temporal bone SCCs.
Grounding Social Identity for Professional Practice

This article describes sociocultural theory as a way to ground social identity for clinical and research practices in speech-language pathology. The purpose is to (1) outline the fundamentals of the theory and (2) link the focal unit of analysis from the theory, mediated action, to social identity to (3) support the clinical utility of mediated action for work with social identity. Published literature is the informational source. A glossary of terms is included as an appendix.
Assessment of the contractile reserve in patients with intermediate coronary lesions: a strain rate imaging study validated by invasive myocardial fractional flow reserve.

AIMS The present study aims to compare the change of left ventricular deformation during dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) with the reference standard of invasive myocardial fractional flow reserve (FFR) to assess the haemodynamic significance of intermediate coronary lesions. METHODS AND RESULTS In 30 patients with an intermediate coronary artery stenosis in one epicardial coronary artery, FFR measurements were performed during coronary catheterization. In case of an FFR < 0.75 after intracoronary adenosine administration, the stenosis was considered significant, indicating ischaemia. In addition, during DSE, peak systolic strain rate and systolic strain of the region of interest (supplied by the stenotic vessel) and of a non-ischaemic remote region were assessed at baseline and at peak stress. Thirteen patients had an FFR >or= 0.75, indicating normal flow reserve (non-ischaemic group). The remaining 17 patients with an FFR < 0.75 comprised the ischaemic group. At baseline DSE, mean values of strain rate (-1.2 +/- 0.3 s(-1)) and strain (-17 +/- 8%) were not significantly different between both groups. In the ischaemic group, in the target region, strain at peak stress decreased to - 10 +/- 8%, whereas strain rate remained unchanged. In contrast, in the non-ischaemic group, strain at peak stress remained unchanged (-18 +/- 7%), whereas strain rate increased to - 2.5 +/- 1.1 s(-1). The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed the change in strain rate as the best parameter to detect ischaemia, with a sensitivity of 89% and a specificity of 86%. In the remote region, in both groups, strain rate (-1.4 +/- 0.4 s(-1)) and strain values (-20 +/- 7%) were not significantly different at baseline, and strain rate doubled and strain remained unchanged at DSE peak stress. CONCLUSION Non-invasive evaluation of regional deformation, using strain rate imaging during DSE, predicted the relevance of intermediate coronary stenosis. In this context, strain rate is superior to strain measurements for the quantification of the contractile reserve.
Remaining in an Abusive Relationship: An Investment Model Analysis of Nonvoluntary Dependence

Rusbult's investment model is used to understand the conditions under which individuals are likely to remain in abusive relationships. Analyses of data from intake interviews at a shelter for battered women provided good support for model predictions. Consistent with hypotheses, feelings of commitment were greater among women who had poorer-quality economic alternatives, were more heavily invested in their relationships (e.g., were married), and experienced lesser dissatisfaction (e.g., reported less severe abuse). Also consistent with hypotheses, commitment was strongly linked to stay/leave behavior, significantly distinguishing between women who returned to their partners immediately on leaving the shelter and women who did not. Causal modeling analyses suggested that commitment may mediate the effects of alternatives, investments, and satisfaction on stay/leave decisions. Implications for our knowledge of nonvoluntary dependence, as well as for social policy regarding family violence, are discussed.
International Organisations and the Politics of Migration

The last two decades have seen major shifts in the way international organisations (IOs) address migration. While state sovereignty remains central in the politics of migration, IOs are increasingly developing their visions regarding how the cross-border movements of people should be governed (or ‘managed’) and, in some cases, they have become important actors in the design and implementation of migration policy. Research on the role and functions of IOs remains scarce, however, and there are major uncertainties, concerning not only their actual influence, but also the political context in which they operate and the outcome of their initiatives. According to their advocates, the involvement of IOs would enable greater international cooperation, which would lead to policies that pay greater attention to human rights and development imperatives. Yet, at times, interventions by IOs seem to reinforce existing imbalances, as these organisations primarily tend to align themselves with the interests and agenda of developed receiving states. In addition, the work of IOs is embedded in a complex institutional setting, characterised by sometimes-problematic institutional relations between them, as well as between IOs and other international cooperation mechanisms.