Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Immunoglobulin localization in benign and malignant lesions of the human mammary gland

Using direct immunofluorescence, lesions from 266 human breast specimens were studied for the presence of IgA, IgM, or IgG localization. The lesions included benign elements from 66 subcutaneous mastectomy specimens in which the absence of simultaneous breast malignancy was documented, primary breast carcinomas from 153 mastectomy specimens, and 47 biopsies containing metastatic breast cancer. A statistically significant association of IgA and IgM with benign lesions was contrasted to the association of IgG with malignant lesions. In both primary and metastatic lesions, IgG localization was associated with estrogen‐receptor‐poor primary cancers as compared with estrogen‐receptor‐rich primary cancers. Among primary breast cancer patients, IgG localization in the tumor correlated with relative lymphopenia. A shorter disease‐free interval was noted in association with IgG localization among the metastatic breast lesions. No statistically significant association between stage of disease and immunoglobulin presence was demonstrable. Moderate‐to‐severe intraductal epithelial hyperplasias were more often associated with immunoglobulin G localization than were other benign lesions.
A literature review of nursing turnover costs.

AIM To report the findings of a literature review of studies examining nursing staff turnover costs published between 1990 and 2010. BACKGROUND Nurse turnover is a global concern that is both costly for health-care organizations and, in the context of the work environment, affects quality and safety. EVALUATION We reviewed past literature and describe the conceptualization of nurse turnover, evaluate the methodologies and calculation of costs, identify the reported range of turnover costs and provide suggestions for future study. KEY ISSUES We report inconsistencies in past studies in terms of the conceptualization and measurement of nurse turnover and turnover rates, the methodologies for gathering data and the data sources used, the approaches for calculating turnover costs and the resulting nursing staff turnover costs estimated. CONCLUSION Past studies reached different conclusions about nurse turnover. We still need to explore the actual costs and benefits of nurse turnover and retention. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT This study should be helpful for nurse executives as they build a business case to address nurse turnover in their organizations, and for policy-makers as they develop policies about turnover.
Factors associated with self-reported outcome in adaptation of hearing aid

Abstract Objective: This investigation evaluated the associated factors with self-reported outcome in hearing aid users by adopting the Korean version of International Outcome Inventory for Hearing Aids (IOI-HA) and Hearing Handicap Inventory for the Elderly (HHIE). Methods: Two hundred and eight participants were enrolled in this study. Participants completed the HHIE at pre-fitting, HHIE and the IOI-HA at 1 and 3 months after fitting. The outcomes of both questionnaires were analyzed with regard to the variable factors reported or expected to be associated with the outcome of hearing aid use. Results: The hearing-related handicap evaluated by HHIE score at pre-fitting had significant associations with age and the severity of hearing impairment. The IOI-HA score with hearing aid use was significantly correlated with WRS and the severity of hearing impairment. The improvement of HHIE score showed a significant correlation with WRS. Conclusion: Word recognition score (WRS) is the most significantly associated factor for outcome of hearing aid use. In addition, audiometric configuration, previous experience of hearing aid use, and initial hearing handicap should be considered as associated factors with hearing aid outcome.
The influence of letrozole on serum lipid concentrations in postmenopausal women with primary breast cancer who have completed 5 years of adjuvant tamoxifen (NCIC CTG MA.17L).

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in serum lipid parameters {cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, triglycerides and lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)]}, in postmenopausal women receiving letrozole or placebo after adjuvant tamoxifen for early stage breast cancer (NCIC CTG MA.17L). PATIENTS AND METHODS MA.17L is a substudy of MA.17, a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of letrozole 2.5 mg taken daily for 5 years in postmenopausal women with primary breast cancer completing approximately 5 years of prior adjuvant tamoxifen. Patients consenting to participate in this companion study had blood drawn and lipid parameters (total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, Lp(a), triglycerides) evaluated at baseline, 6 months, 12 months and yearly thereafter until completion of protocol therapy. It was required that women be non-hyperlipidemic and not taking lipid-lowering drugs at time of entry on this trial. RESULTS Three hundred and forty seven women were enrolled in the study. The letrozole and the placebo groups demonstrated marginally significant differences in the percentage change from baseline in HDL cholesterol at 6 months (P=0.049), in LDL cholesterol at 12 months (P=0.033) and triglycerides at 24 months (P=0.036). All comparisons of lipid parameters at other time points were not significantly different between the two treatment groups. No statistically significant differences in the number of patients exceeding the thresholds defined for the lipid parameters were found between the two treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS The MA.17 trial demonstrated a significant improvement in disease-free survival with the use of letrozole as extended adjuvant therapy post tamoxifen. Results from this study suggests that letrozole does not significantly alter serum cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides or Lp(a) in non-hyperlidiemic postmenopausal women with primary breast cancer treated up to 36 months following at least 5 years of adjuvant tamoxifen therapy. These findings further support the tolerability of extended adjuvant letrozole in postmenopausal women following standard tamoxifen therapy.
Genellenebilirlik Kuramı ve SPSS ile GENOVA Programlarıyla Hesaplanan G ve K Çalışmalarına İlişkin Sonuçların Karşılaştırılması

In generalizability theory, it is possible to estimate one reliability value according to several different sources of measurement error and their interaction into one study. However, in classical test theory, different reliability values can be obtained for situations in more than one source of variance. Generalizability theory is an extension of the classical test theory which considers multiple sources of measurement error simultaneously. Analyses related to generalizability theory were generally done with GENOVA computer packet program. Because using the program is hard and complex to understand, it is a major problem in studies related to generalizability theory. Musquash and O’Connor (2006) described to use SPSS (also SAS and MATLAB) for conducting the analyses about generalizability theory. In this study, generalizability and dependability coefficients for both generalizability (G) study and decision (D) studies were presented by using both GENOVA and SPSS computer packet programs. This study also provides an illustrative example and comparison of the results on both programs.
Qualitative Motif Detection in Gene Regulatory Networks

This paper motivates the use of Qualitative Probabilistic Networks (QPNs) in conjunction with or in lieu of Bayesian Networks (BNs) for reconstructing gene regulatory networks from microarray expression data. QPNs are qualitative abstractions of Bayesian Networks that replace the conditional probability tables associated with BNs by qualitative influences, which use signs to encode how the values of variables change. We demonstrate that the qualitative influences defined by QPNs exhibit a natural mapping to naturally-occurring patterns of connections, termed network motifs, embedded in Gene Regulatory Networks and present a model that maps QPN constructs to such motifs.The contribution of this paper is that of discovering motifs by mapping their time-series experimental data to QPN influences and using the discovered motifs to aid the process of reconstructing the corresponding gene regulatory network via Dynamic Bayesian Networks (DBNs). The general aim is to compile a model that uses qualitative equivalents of Dynamic Bayesian Networks to explore gene expression networks and their regulatory mechanisms. Although this aim remains under development, the results we have obtained shows success for the discovery of regulatory motifs in Saccharomyces Cerevisiae and their effectiveness in improving the results obtained in terms of reconstruction using DBNs.
Evaluation of a Program for Parenting

The Plainfield Teen Parenting Program, a component of Plainfield High School School-Based Youth Service in Plainfield, New Jersey, provides a comprehensive in-school program to adolescent mothers and their children. The program stresses continued achievement in school, economic self-sufficiency, and positive parenting. Data from 31 mothers who participated in the program and a comparison group indicate that participation was related to improved self-esteem, high school graduation, and postgraduation employment or continued education. The data further suggest that program participation may reduce the frequency of additional births.
Predicting Student Misbehavior, Responsibility and Distraction from Schoolwork from Classroom Management Techniques: The Students' Views.

This study reports students’ perceptions of the classroom management techniques utilized in fourteen classrooms at eight junior high schools in one province in Vietnam. It examines data from 498 students in fifteen high schools in one district in Vietnam in grades 10 to 12 to identify how teachers’ use of various management techniques, and the extent to which these relate to outcome variables - student misbehavior, responsibility and distraction from schoolwork. The results indicate that Vietnamese teachers use least punishment and aggression, and most discussion, recognition, and hinting. The results obtained from multiple regression analyses also show that techniques of the classroom management as predictors of student misbehavior, responsibility and distraction from schoolwork. Of the five classroom management techniques investigated, students’ perceptions of teachers’ use of punishment, aggression, discussion, and recognition had the most powerful effect on outcome variables. Among school management techniques, punishment and aggression negatively related to student responsibility, while discussion, recognition, and hinting positively related to student misbehavior and distraction from schoolwork. Implications of these findings are discussed.
In Pursuit of Effective Schools: From Western Perspective.

This review paper begins by asking what makes few schools outstanding. What makes them successful? What have we learned from last two decades of studying School Effectiveness (SE)? To answer those questions, this paper attempts to identify the patterns and trends of Studying School effectiveness from western perspective. The main purpose of this review study was to understand and fix the criteria of assessing SE. A brief literature review was carried out to bring those factors that contribute SE. The focus is on the substantive findings that emerged from the review. Literature gives an insight that educationists have given more importance to enrolment, retention, and dropout rates, whereas many have viewed SE in terms of classroom pedagogy or teaching and learning, the content aspect etc. The large section of effectiveness studies have focused exclusively on students' cognitive outcomes in the areas such as reading, mathematics or public examination results. However, there is less evidence about the studies on school processes indicators that are important in determining the schools' success. The results from reviewed literature reveals that many SE factors, three broad key process indicators have found to be the most frequent ones, i.e. effective leadership of school heads, positive school culture and environment of teaching and learning. The critical perspective of previous literature are useful in understanding how this set of key variables as a whole defines the quality of schools at all levels. Finally, it provides few recommendations for policy development to bring about improvement.
Squat Jump Training at Maximal Power Loads vs. Heavy Loads: Effect on Sprint Ability

Harris, NK, Cronin, JB, Hopkins, WG, and Hansen, KT. Squat jump training at maximal power loads vs. heavy loads: effect on sprint ability. J Strength Cond Res 22(6): 1742-1749, 2008-Training at a load maximizing power output (Pmax) is an intuitively appealing strategy for enhancement of performance that has received little research attention. In this study we identified each subject's Pmax for an isoinertial resistance training exercise used for testing and training, and then we related the changes in strength to changes in sprint performance. The subjects were 18 well-trained rugby league players randomized to two equal-volume training groups for a 7-week period of squat jump training with heavy loads (80% 1RM) or with individually determined Pmax loads (20.0-43.5% 1RM). Performance measures were 1RM strength, maximal power at 55% of pretraining 1RM, and sprint times for 10 and 30 m. Percent changes were standardized to make magnitude-based inferences. Relationships between changes in these variables were expressed as correlations. Sprint times for 10 m showed improvements in the 80% 1RM group (−2.9 ± 3.2%) and Pmax group (−1.3 ± 2.2%), and there were similar improvements in 30-m sprint time (−1.9 ± 2.8 and −1.2 ± 2.0%, respectively). Differences in the improvements in sprint time between groups were unclear, but improvement in 1RM strength in the 80% 1RM group (15 ± 9%) was possibly substantially greater than in the Pmax group (11 ± 8%). Small-moderate negative correlations between change in 1RM and change in sprint time (r ≈ −0.30) in the combined groups provided the only evidence of adaptive associations between strength and power outputs, and sprint performance. In conclusion, it seems that training at the load that maximizes individual peak power output for this exercise with a sample of professional team sport athletes was no more effective for improving sprint ability than training at heavy loads, and the changes in power output were not usefully related to changes in sprint ability.
Genomic Comparison of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Sheep and Cattle Strains by Microarray Hybridization

ABSTRACT Microarray-based comparisons of three Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis isolates, including one sheep strain and two cattle strains, identified three large genomic deletions in the sheep strain, totaling 29,208 bp and involving 24 open reading frames. These deletions may help explain some of the differences in pathogenicity and host specificity observed between the cattle and sheep strains of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis.
Variational Adaptive-Newton Method for Explorative Learning

We present the Variational Adaptive Newton (VAN) method which is a black-box optimization method especially suitable for explorative-learning tasks such as active learning and reinforcement learning. Similar to Bayesian methods, VAN estimates a distribution that can be used for exploration, but requires computations that are similar to continuous optimization methods. Our theoretical contribution reveals that VAN is a second-order method that unifies existing methods in distinct fields of continuous optimization, variational inference, and evolution strategies. Our experimental results show that VAN performs well on a wide-variety of learning tasks. This work presents a general-purpose explorative-learning method that has the potential to improve learning in areas such as active learning and reinforcement learning.
Cerebellar nucleo‐olivary projections in the rat: An anterograde tracing study with Phaseolus vulgaris‐leucoagglutinin (PHA‐L)

In order to evaluate the reciprocity of olivo‐cerebellar and cerebello‐olivary connections, a detailed description of the cerebellar nucleo‐olivary projection in the rat is presented using small, iontophoretic injections of the anterograde tracer Phaseolus vulgaris‐leucoagglutinin.
Functional Ito calculus and stochastic integral representation of martingales

We develop a non-anticipative calculus for functionals of a continuous semimartingale, using an extension of the Ito formula to path-dependent functionals which possess certain directional derivatives. The construction is based on a pathwise derivative, introduced by B Dupire, for functionals on the space of right-continuous functions with left limits. We show that this functional derivative admits a suitable extension to the space of square-integrable martingales. This extension denes a weak derivative which is shown to be the inverse of the Ito integral and which may be viewed as a non-anticipative \lifting" of the Malliavin derivative. These results lead to a constructive martingale representation formula for Ito processes. By contrast with the Clark-Haussmann-Ocone formula, this representation only involves nonanticipative quantities which may be computed pathwise.
TEACHING ABOUT AGING IN THE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL: A ONE‐YEAR FOLLOW‐UP

This study followed up on a 7‐day, 5th‐grade intergenerational project on aging. The “Age Doesn't Matter” (ADM) project was interdisciplinary; incorporating dance, health education, history, art, and poetry to teach about growing older. Older adults came to the school to interact with the students and the students also went on field trips to a nursing home and a retirement hotel. Thirteen of the original 19 ADM students were still in the same school 1 year after the project's completion. These students were matched by grade, gender, and race with a comparison group (n = 13) one year after the project's completion. Three experts in the field of gerontology were asked to blindly review the students' responses to open‐ended questions about aging and to rate each student concerning his or her attitudes toward aging. The ADM students were judged to have significantly (p < .05) more positive attitudes toward aging than the comparison group students.
Comparison of two bone anchored hearing instruments: BP100 and Ponto Pro

Abstract Objective: This study aimed at investigating if there were differences in auditory performance, operation, or user preference between the Ponto Pro or the BP100, two bone anchored hearing instruments (BAHI) with modern sound processing technology. Design: Subjects wore the devices in daily life in a crossover study for periods ranging from 25 to 63 days. A speech-in-noise test was carried out as well as measures of noise reduction and feedback suppression algorithms. User satisfaction was reported using the NSH and the GHABP questionnaires. At the end of the test, subjects selected one of the devices for permanent use. Study sample: Twelve first-time users of BAHIs. Results: Eight subjects selected the Ponto Pro; four selected the BP100. The Ponto Pro was rated as easier to operate than the BP100, the visual appearance of the Ponto Pro was rated as nicer than that of the BP100, and speech understanding was rated higher with the Ponto Pro than with the BP100. Speech-in-noise tests showed improvements using directional microphones with the Ponto Pro. Conclusions: 67% of the subjects opted for permanent use of the Ponto Pro, which, compared to the BP100, was rated to have a nicer look, to be easier to operate, and to yield better speech intelligibility. Sumario Objetivo: Se propuso este estudio para investigar si existen diferencias en el rendimiento auditivo, la operación o la preferencia del usuario, entre los instrumentos auditivos osteo-integrados (BAHI) Ponto Pro y el BP100, con tecnología moderna de procesamiento de sonidos. Diseño: Los sujetos usaron estos instrumentos en la vida diaria en un estudio cruzado, por períodos que fueron de 25 a 63 días. Se llevó a cabo una prueba de lenguaje-en-ruido y también se midieron la reducción de ruido y los algoritmos de supresión de la retroalimentación. Se reportó la satisfacción del usuario usando los cuestionarios NSH y el GHABP. Al final de la prueba, los sujetos seleccionaron uno de los dos instrumentos para uso permanente. Muestra de estudio: Doce usuarios por primera vez, de BAHI. Resultados: Ocho sujetos seleccionaron el Ponto Pro y cuatro, el BP100. El Ponto Pro se consideró como más fácil de operar que el BP100; la apariencia visual del Ponto Pro, como mejor que la del BP100 y la comprensión del lenguaje como mayor con el Ponto Pro que con el BP100. Las pruebas de lenguaje-en-ruido mostraron mejoría con el uso de micrófonos direccionales del Ponto Pro. Conclusiones: 67% de los sujetos optaron por el uso permanente del Ponto Pro el cual, comparado con el BP100 se clasificó como de mejor apariencia, más fácil de operar y que proporciona mejor inteligibilidad del lenguaje.
Periodontal status, sociodemographic, and behavioral indicators in subjects attending a public dental school in Brazil: analysis of clinical attachment loss.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence, extent, and severity of clinical attachment loss (AL) and their association with sociodemographic and behavioral parameters of subjects attending a public dental school in Brazil. METHODS A total of 491 consenting participants (21 to 70 years of age) submitted to a full-mouth periodontal clinical examination, assessment of missing teeth, and anamnesis questionnaires. The data were analyzed by multivariable models using logistic regression analyses. The dependent variables were moderate (> or =5 mm) and severe (> or =7 mm) clinical AL. RESULTS The prevalence of individuals with at least one site with clinical AL > or =5 or > or =7 mm was 72.1% and 60.9%, respectively. The mean clinical AL ranged from 2.9 to 3.9 mm, according to age. The mean frequency of sites with moderate (5 to 6 mm) and severe (> or =7 mm) clinical AL was 15.8% and 9.1%, respectively. Multivariate analyses identified smoking (odds ratio [OR] = 8.93), bleeding on probing (BOP) in >10% of sites (OR = 6.82 to 22.53), and > or =4 missing teeth (OR = 2.52) as risk indicators for clinical AL > or =5 mm in > or =10% of sites, whereas an age of 36 to 50 years (OR = 1.72), smoking (OR = 7.66), and BOP in >10% of sites (OR = 6.84 to 24.89) were considered risk indicators for clinical AL > or =7 mm in at least one site. CONCLUSIONS This particular Brazilian population presented a high prevalence and extent of severe periodontal disease. Age, smoking, and BOP were risk indicators associated with moderate and severe AL in this population.
Effect of artificial weathering on the wood impregnated with nano-zinc oxide.

In this study, the resistance of poplar wood (populous deltoides) impregnated with nano zinc oxide against color change was investigated. For this purpose, the samples were impregnated with three concentrations of nano zinc oxide, 0.5, 0.75 and 1%, by full cell method. Then, the samples were exposed to artificial weathering test duration of 200, 400 and 600 hours. With completion of weathering in each stage, the amount of samples color change ( E ) was measured by using of spectrophotometer system. The results * showed that the amount of color change of samples treated with nano zinc oxide was less than untreated one. so that, with increasing of concentration, the changes was reduced and the best resistance was observed in samples treated with concentrations of 1.5%. Although with increasing of time, browning slowly was occurred in all samples. From these observations had result that nano zinc oxide can be used as an important material, separated or combined with other materials in wood preservation in the external environment.