Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lack of Insight in Bipolar Disorder: The Impact on Treatment Adherence, Adverse Clinical Outcomes and Quality of Life

Insight is a multidimensional construct, defined as the awareness of having a mental dis - order, of specific symptoms and their attribution to the disorder, the awareness of social consequences, and of need for treatment. Although insight has been studied specifically in schizophrenia and its study in mood disorders has traditionally received limited atten tion, the evaluation of this concept in mood disorders is also very important because of the impact on treatment compliance and outcome. In bipolar disorder (BD), clinical insight varies substantially over time. Most researchers observed that insight is more impaired during an illness episode than during remission, in mixed than in pure manic episodes, in bipolar II than in bipolar I patients, and in pure mania than in bipolar or unipolar depression. Lack of insight is a consistent factor of non-adherence to medication in bipolar patients, along with severity of BD, side effects of medication, effectiveness, and patient-related factors. Also, impaired insight into treatment and a great number of previous hospitalizations are associated with poorer clinical outcomes (psychiatric hospitalization, emergency room visits, violent or suicidal behavior) among the patients with bipolar I disorder. In the management of bipolar disorder, improving quality of life (QoL) and outcome should be one the most important goals. retardation. affective more intense hypochondriac each category, as follows: poor insight, disavowal toward medication, distressful effects of medication, fam ily or social support, access to mental health-care providers, poor therapeutic alliance, and stigma for the first category and substance abuse, cognitive impairment, depression, family and social support, access to mental health care, and social functioning for the second cat -egory. A total of 20 insight-related studies (11 prospective and 9 cross-sectional) analyzed the relationship between insight and adherence. Several prospective studies have shown that a better insight, evaluated through three insight scores, was associated with an improved adherence in both schizophrenic and bipolar patients [69]. Patients with bipolar disorder pre sented poor awareness of their disease after acute mania treatment, associating a higher prob ability of non-adherence during the maintenance therapy Cross-sectional studies have shown that, in patients over 50 years old diagnosed with bipolar disorder, a poor insight is associated with non-adherence Poor insight was identified as a cause for non-adherence in more than half of the studies, followed by substance abuse, a negative attitude toward med -ication, side effects, and cognitive impairments. Having a negative attitude toward medica tion is a determinant factor of intentional non-adherence, being considered to mediate effects of insight and of the therapeutic alliance.
Role of Exclusive Enteral Nutrition in the Preoperative Optimization of Patients With Crohn's Disease Following Immunosuppressive Therapy

AbstractWe conducted a study to evaluate the impact of the exclusive enteral nutrition (EEN) on perioperative outcome in Crohn's disease (CD) patients following immunosuppressive therapy.Patients with CD followed at a referral center between January 2001 and March 2014 who underwent abdominal surgery were identified. Patients were divided into 4 groups: patients not exposed to immunosuppressive agents in the previous 8 weeks before surgery (group 1); patients received immunosuppressive medications without preoperative drug-free interval (group 2); patients had preoperative immunosuppressants-free interval (group 3); patients treated with adding EEN to preoperative immunosuppressants-free interval regimen (group 4). Urgent operation requirement, stoma creation, postoperative complications, readmission, and reoperation were compared in patients among groups.Overall, 708 abdominal surgeries performed in 498 CD patients were identified. Three hundred seventy-six (53.11%) surgeries performed in those receiving preoperative immunosuppressive medications. Compared with other groups, group 2 had increased postoperative complications, more frequent urgent operation, and higher rate of stoma creation. Patients in group 4 were found to have better outcome including lower rate of stoma creation (P < 0.05), and decreased incidence of postoperative complications (P < 0.05) compared with group 2 and group 3. Additionally, decreased urgent operation requirement (P < 0.05) and extended preoperative drug-free interval (P < 0.001) were observed in the group 4 than those in the group 3.Preoperative optimization of CD following immunosuppressive therapy by EEN prolongs the immunosuppressants-free interval, reduces the risk of urgent surgery and reoperation, and most importantly, decreases complications after abdominal surgery.
FLIP the Switch: Regulation of Apoptosis and Necroptosis by cFLIP

cFLIP (cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein) is structurally related to caspase-8 but lacks proteolytic activity due to multiple amino acid substitutions of catalytically important residues. cFLIP protein is evolutionarily conserved and expressed as three functionally different isoforms in humans (cFLIPL, cFLIPS, and cFLIPR). cFLIP controls not only the classical death receptor-mediated extrinsic apoptosis pathway, but also the non-conventional pattern recognition receptor-dependent apoptotic pathway. In addition, cFLIP regulates the formation of the death receptor-independent apoptotic platform named the ripoptosome. Moreover, recent studies have revealed that cFLIP is also involved in a non-apoptotic cell death pathway known as programmed necrosis or necroptosis. These functions of cFLIP are strictly controlled in an isoform-, concentration- and tissue-specific manner, and the ubiquitin-proteasome system plays an important role in regulating the stability of cFLIP. In this review, we summarize the current scientific findings from biochemical analyses, cell biological studies, mathematical modeling, and gene-manipulated mice models to illustrate the critical role of cFLIP as a switch to determine the destiny of cells among survival, apoptosis, and necroptosis.
Overlapping distributions of orexin/hypocretin‐ and dopamine‐β‐hydroxylase immunoreactive fibers in rat brain regions mediating arousal, motivation, and stress

A double‐label immunohistochemical study was carried out to investigate overlap between dopamine‐β‐hydroxylase (DβH) ‐immunopositive projections and the projections of hypothalamic neurons containing the arousal‐ and feeding‐related peptide, orexin/hypocretin (HCRT), in rat brain. Numerous intermingled HCRT‐immunopositive and DβH‐immunopositive fibers were seen in a ventrally situated corridor extending from the hypothalamus to deep layers of the infralimbic cortex. Both fiber types avoided the nucleus accumbens core, caudate putamen, and the globus pallidus. In the diencephalon, overlap was observed in several hypothalamic areas, including the perifornical, dorsomedial, and paraventricular nuclei, as well as in the paraventricular thalamic nucleus. Intermingled HCRT‐containing and DβH‐containing fibers extended from the hypothalamus into areas within the medial and central amygdala, terminating at the medial border of the lateral subdivision of the central nucleus of the amygdala. Dense overlap between the two fiber types was also observed in the periaqueductal gray, particularly in the vicinity of the dorsal raphe, as well as (to a lesser extent) in the ventral tegmental area, the retrorubral field, and the pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus. Hypocretin‐containing cell bodies, located in the perifornical and lateral hypothalamus, were embedded within a dense plexus of DβH‐immunopositive fibers and boutons, with numerous cases of apparent contacts of DβH‐containing boutons onto HCRT‐immunopositive soma and dendrites. HCRT‐containing fibers were observed amid the noradrenergic cells of the locus coeruleus, and in the vicinity of the A1, A2, and A5 cell groups. Hence, the projections of these two arousal‐related systems, originating in distinctly different parts of the brain, jointly target several forebrain regions and brainstem monoaminergic nuclei involved in regulating core motivational processes. J. Comp. Neurol. 464:220–237, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fab: content-based, collaborative recommendation

The problem of recommending items from some fixed database has been studied extensively, and two main paradigms have emerged. In content-based recommendation one tries to recommend items similar to those a given user has liked in the past, whereas in collaborative recommendation one identifies users whose tastes are similar to those of the given user and recommends items they have liked. Our approach in Fab has been to combine these two methods. Here, we explain how a hybrid system can incorporate the advantages of both methods while inheriting the disadvantages of neither. In addition to what one might call the “generic advantages” inherent in any hybrid system, the particular design of the Fab architecture brings two additional benefits. First, two scaling problems common to all Web services are addressed—an increasing number of users and an increasing number of documents. Second, the system automatically identifies emergent communities of interest in the user population, enabling enhanced group awareness and communications. Here we describe the two approaches for contentbased and collaborative recommendation, explain how a hybrid system can be created, and then describe Fab, an implementation of such a system. For more details on both the implemented architecture and the experimental design the reader is referred to [1]. The content-based approach to recommendation has its roots in the information retrieval (IR) community, and employs many of the same techniques. Text documents are recommended based on a comparison between their content and a user profile. Data
Polarimetric properties and modeling of the power delay profile in large hall scenarios

A full-polarimetric model of the power delay profile (PDP) is proposed in a large hall scenario and validated with polarimetric measurements of a large open hall radio channel under Line-of-Sight conditions at 1.3 GHz. The measured radio channels were processed by the high-resolution parametric estimator RiMAX to estimate both the polarimetric specular multipath components (SMC) and dense multipath components (DMC). The model of the full-polarimetric distance-dependent PDP was derived from which the depolarization mechanisms are presented. In addition, it is demonstrated that the room electromagnetics theory applies to our scenario across all polarization links. The validity of the proposed model is provided by the good agreement between the polarimetric data and models. The results of this contribution highlight the fact that a complete polarimetric description of all propagation mechanisms is desired in polarimetric radio channel models.
The Effect of Couched Peer Feedback through Face to Face and Facebook Interaction toward Students’ Writing Ability and Engagement

The purpose of this study was to find out how the implementation of couched peer feedback writing technique through direct interaction in the class and Facebook instruction influenced students’ writing ability and how they engaged in learning activities viewed from student’ level of writing anxiety. The research was conducted at two paragraph writing classes at one State Islamic University in Palembang. Mixed method data collection was used in this study. The quantitative data were collected by using Likert-scale questionnaire used to measure students’ level of writing anxiety and paragraph writing test. Meanwhile, the qualitative data were gained by using observation and interview. Students’ paragraph writing test scores were analyzed by using Two Way Anova statistical analysis. Then, observation and interview data were transcribed and coded. The findings showed that first, the difference feedback writing techniques had different effects on students' writing ability. Next, differences in students' anxiety levels in writing also had different effects on their writing performance. Then, there was no interaction between the application of feedback writing techniques, the level of writing anxiety and writing performance. Finally, students had varying engagement to the learning process in terms of behavioral, affective and cognitive aspects.
Knowing and Being Known. Approaching Australian Indigenous Tourism Through Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Politics of Knowing

ABSTRACT Based on ethnographic research conducted with Bardi and Jawi people, two Indigenous groups from the Northwestern Kimberley region of Western Australia, the aim of this paper is to approach the complexities related to Indigenous tourism in Australia through the politics of knowing and not-knowing as embodied by Indigenous tour guides and non-Indigenous tourists. It examines the notion of knowing (or not-knowing) and its usages by Indigenous and non-Indigenous people in the context of their tourist encounter. ‘Knowing’ represents an important aspect through which Aboriginal people and their non-Indigenous guests negotiate their interactions. In particular, the paper shows how Indigenous and non-Indigenous expectations from tourism lead actors to adopt divergent positions and to assert renewed claims in relation to knowledge or knowing, casting new light on issues of self-representation and empowerment in the domain of Indigenous tourism.
A Unifying Pair of Cournot-Nash Equilibrium Existence Results

Abstract For games with a measure space of players a tandem pair, consisting of a mixed and a pure Cournot–Nash equilibrium existence result, is presented. Their generality causes them to be completely mutually equivalent. This provides a unifying pair of Cournot–Nash existence results that goes considerably beyond the central result of E. J. Balder (1995, Int. J. Game Theory 24 , 79–94, Theorem 2.1). The versatility of this pair is demonstrated by the following new applications: (i) unification and generalization of the two equilibrium distribution existence results by K. P. Rath (1996, J. Math. Econ. 26 , 305–324) for anonymous games, (ii) generalization of the equilibrium existence result of T. Kim and N. C. Yannelis (1997, J. Econ. Theory 77 , 330–353) for Bayesian differential information games, (iii) inclusion of the Bayesian Nash equilibrium existence results of P. R. Milgrom and R. J. Weber (1985, Math. Oper. Res. 10 , 619–632) and E. J. Balder (1988, Math. Operations Res. 13 , 265–276) for games with private information in the sense of J. C. Harsanyi (1967, Manage. Sci. 14 , 159–182). Journal of Economic Literature Classification Number: C72.
Opportunistic Buffered Decode-Wait-and-Forward (OBDWF) Protocol for Mobile Wireless Relay Networks

In this paper, we propose an opportunistic buffered decode-wait-and-forward (OBDWF) protocol to exploit both relay buffering and relay mobility to enhance the system throughput and the end-to-end packet delay under bursty arrivals. We consider a point-to-point communication link assisted by K mobile relays. We illustrate that the OBDWF protocol could achieve a better throughput and delay performance compared with existing baseline systems such as the conventional dynamic decode-and-forward (DDF) and amplified-and-forward (AF) protocol. In addition to simulation performance, we also derived closed-form asymptotic throughput and delay expressions of the OBDWF protocol. Specifically, the proposed OBDWF protocol achieves an asymptotic throughput ΘL(log2 K) with ΘL(1) total transmit power in the relay network. This is a significant gain compared with the best known performance in conventional protocols (ΘL(log2 K) throughput with ΘL(K) total transmit power). With bursty arrivals, we show that both the stability region and average delay of the proposed OBDWF protocol can achieve order-wise performance gain ΘL(K) compared with conventional DDF protocol.
A flexible hash table design for 10GBPS key-value stores on FPGAS

Common web infrastructure relies on distributed main memory key-value stores to reduce access load on databases, thereby improving both performance and scalability of web sites. As standard cloud servers provide sub-linear scalability and reduced power efficiency to these kinds of scale-out workloads, we have investigated a novel dataflow architecture for key-value stores with the aid of FPGAs which can deliver consistent 10Gbps throughput. In this paper, we present the design of a novel hash table which forms the centre piece of this dataflow architecture. The fully pipelined design can sustain consistent 10Gbps line-rate performance by deploying a concurrent mechanism to handle hash collisions. We address problems such as support for a broad range of key sizes without stalling the pipeline through careful matching of lookup time with packet reception time. Finally, the design is based on a scalable architecture that can be easily parametrized to work with different memory types operating at different access speeds and latencies. We deployed this hash table in a memcached prototype to index 2 million entries in 24GBytes of external DDR3 DRAM while sustaining 13 million requests per second for UDP binary encoded memcached packets which is the maximum packet rate that can be achieved with memcached on a 10Gbps link.
Recent Advances in Literature Based Discovery

Literature Based Discovery (LBD) is a process that searches for hidden and important connections among information embedded in published literature. Employing techniques from Information Retrieval and Natural Language Processing, LBD has potential for widespread application yet is currently implemented primarily in the medical domain. This article examines several published LBD systems, comparing their descriptions of domain and input data, techniques to locate important concepts from text, models of discovery, experimental results, visualizations, and evaluation of the results. Since there is no comprehensive “gold standard,” or consistent formal evaluation methodology for LBD systems, the development and usage of effective metrics for such systems is also discussed, providing several options. Also, since LBD is currently often time-intensive, requiring human input at one or more points, a fully-automated system will enhance the efficiency of the process. Therefore, this article considers methods for automated systems based on data mining.
Diabetes Enhances Vulnerability to Particulate Air Pollution–Associated Impairment in Vascular Reactivity and Endothelial Function

Background—Epidemiological studies suggest that people with diabetes are vulnerable to cardiovascular health effects associated with exposure to particle air pollution. Endothelial and vascular function is impaired in diabetes and may be related to increased cardiovascular risk. We examined whether endothelium-dependent and -independent vascular reactivity was associated with particle exposure in individuals with and without diabetes. Methods and Results—Study subjects were 270 greater-Boston residents. We measured 24-hour average ambient levels of air pollution (fine particles [PM2.5], particle number, black carbon, and sulfates [SO42−]) ≈500 m from the patient examination site. Pollutant concentrations were evaluated for associations with vascular reactivity. Linear regressions were fit to the percent change in brachial artery diameter (flow mediated and nitroglycerin mediated), with the particulate pollutant index, apparent temperature, season, age, race, sex, smoking history, and body mass index as predictors. Models were fit to all subjects and then stratified by diagnosed diabetes versus at risk for diabetes. Six-day moving averages of all 4 particle metrics were associated with decreased vascular reactivity among patients with diabetes but not those at risk. Interquartile range increases in SO42− were associated with decreased flow-mediated (−10.7%; 95% CI, −17.3 to −3.5) and nitroglycerin-mediated (−5.4%; 95% CI, −10.5 to −0.1) vascular reactivity among those with diabetes. Black carbon increases were associated with decreased flow-mediated vascular reactivity (−12.6%; 95% CI, −21.7 to −2.4), and PM2.5 was associated with nitroglycerin-mediated reactivity (−7.6%; 95% CI, −12.8 to −2.1). Effects were stronger in type II than type I diabetes. Conclusions—Diabetes confers vulnerability to particles associated with coal-burning power plants and traffic.
Are mast cells instrumental for fibrotic diseases?

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a fatal lung disorder of unknown etiology characterized by accumulation of lung fibroblasts and extracellular matrix deposition, ultimately leading to compromised tissue architecture and lung function capacity. IPF has a heterogeneous clinical course; however the median survival after diagnosis is only 3–5 years. The pharmaceutical and biotechnology industry has made many attempts to find effective treatments for IPF, but the disease has so far defied all attempts at therapeutic intervention. Clinical trial failures may arise for many reasons, including disease heterogeneity, lack of readily measurable clinical end points other than overall survival, and, perhaps most of all, a lack of understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of the progression of IPF. The precise link between inflammation and fibrosis remains unclear, but it appears that immune cells can promote fibrosis by releasing fibrogenic factors. So far, however, therapeutic approaches targeting macrophages, neutrophils, or lymphocytes have failed to alter disease pathogenesis. A new cell to garner research interest in fibrosis is the mast cell. Increased numbers of mast cells have long been known to be present in pulmonary fibrosis and clinically correlations between mast cells and fibrosis have been reported. More recent data suggests that mast cells may contribute to the fibrotic process by stimulating fibroblasts resident in the lung, thus driving the pathogenesis of the disease. In this review, we will discuss the mast cell and its physiological role in tissue repair and remodeling, as well as its pathological role in fibrotic diseases such as IPF, where the process of tissue repair and remodeling is thought to be dysregulated.
IREM‐1 is a novel inhibitory receptor expressed by myeloid cells

Using a three‐hybrid strategy, we have identified a novel cell surface molecule which interacts with the Src homology 2 (SH2) domains of SH2 domain‐containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (SHP‐1), termed “immune receptor expressed on myeloid cells 1” (IREM‐1). The full‐length cDNA coding for a polypeptide of 290 amino acids presents an extracellular single V‐type Ig domain, a transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic tail with five tyrosine residues, two of which are in the context of an immunoreceptor tyrosine‐based inhibitory motif. Moreover, cDNA encoding for three other splicing forms of IREM‐1, named IREM‐1 splice variant (Sv)1, Sv2 and Sv3 were cloned by reverse transcription (RT)‐PCR. The gene encoding for IREM‐1 contains nine exons, is located on human chromosome 17 (17q25.1) and is homologous to previously identified molecules termed CMRF‐35 and IRp60. RT‐PCR, northern blot and FACS analysis with specific monoclonal antibodies indicated that IREM‐1 is expressed on monocytes, granulocytes, and myeloid leukemia cell lines. Western blot analysis confirmed the recruitment of SHP‐1 to IREM‐1 and demonstrated that phosphotyrosine residue 205 is the main docking site for this interaction. Finally, cross‐linking of IREM‐1 results in the inhibition of FcRϵ‐induced activation. Our results indicate that IREM‐1 is a novel inhibitory receptor of the Ig superfamily in myeloid cells.