Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On the Role of Transmit Correlation Diversity in Multiuser MIMO Systems

Correlation across transmit antennas in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems has been studied in various scenarios and has been shown to be detrimental or provide benefits depending on the particular system and underlying assumptions. In this paper, we investigate the effect of transmit correlation on the capacity of the Gaussian MIMO broadcast channel, with a particular interest in the large-scale array (or massive MIMO) regime. To this end, we introduce a new type of diversity, referred to as <italic>transmit correlation diversity</italic>, which captures the fact that the channel vectors of different users may have different channel covariance matrices spanning often nearly mutually orthogonal subspaces. In particular, when taking the cost of downlink training properly into account, transmit correlation diversity can yield significant capacity gains in all regimes of interest. Our analysis shows that the system multiplexing gain can be increased by a factor up to <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\lfloor {M}/{r}\rfloor $ </tex-math></inline-formula>, where <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the number of antennas and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$r\le M$ </tex-math></inline-formula> is the common rank of the users channel covariance matrices, with respect to standard schemes that are agnostic of the transmit correlation diversity and treat the channels as if they were isotropically distributed. Thus, this new form of diversity reveals itself as a valuable “new resource” in multiuser communications.
Assessment of Patient Satisfaction and Lidocaine Requirement During Flexible Bronchoscopy Without Sedation

BackgroundBronchoscopy is usually performed under sedation to improve patient comfort and willingness to accept a repeat procedure. Bronchoscopy with a low dose of sedation does not necessarily improve patient comfort, and overt sedation may be dangerous for those with preexisting lung diseases. ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the visual analogue scale for cough, pain, nausea, choking sensation, and overall discomfort level during flexible bronchoscopy without sedation. Acceptance of repeat bronchoscopy and requirement of lidocaine during the procedure were also evaluated. MethodsWe evaluated 70 consecutive patients who underwent flexible bronchoscopy without sedation at our hospital. None received any premedication, and lidocaine was used as a topical anesthetic during the procedure. After the bronchoscopy, a questionnaire containing the visual analogue scale for cough, pain, nausea, choking sensation, and overall discomfort during the procedure was administered. Total requirement of lidocaine and patients' willingness to return for repeat bronchoscopy were recorded. ResultsVisual analogue scale ratings of cough, pain, nausea, and choking sensation during the study procedure were mild to moderate in 38.6% to 94.3% of the patients. The mean dose of lidocaine used during the bronchoscopy was 7.44±2.09 mg/kg. The visual analogue scale of any symptom score had no correlation with the amount of lidocaine used (P>0.05). Only 27.1% would definitely accept repeat bronchoscopy, if required. ConclusionsBronchoscopy without sedation is quite a well-tolerated procedure, and the required amount of lidocaine during the procedure does not exceed the recommended dose. However, acceptance of repeat bronchoscopy is low.
The Dissociation of Emotion Expression from Emotion Experience: A Personality Perspective

When we want to know what others are feeling, we look to the face for clues. However, individual differences matter: Some faces are more expressive than others. Do both emotion experience and dispositional expressivity predict emotion expression? Based on an analysis of display rules, the authors hypothesized that expressivity would moderate the relation between experience and expression for negative, but not for positive, emotion. Study 1 examined the relation between habitual emotion experience and peer-rated expressive behavior and showed the predicted moderator effect for negative emotion: Experience was related to expression only for dispositionally high-expressivity participants, not for low-expressivity participants. For positive emotion, however, experience was related to expression for both groups. Study 2 replicated these findings using momentary emotion experience and objectively coded expressive behavior during films that elicited amusement and sadness. Results are interpreted in terms of low-expressivity individuals' propensity to dynamically regulate negative emotion-expressive behavior.
Efficiency of a semiautomated coding and review process for notification of critical findings in diagnostic imaging.

OBJECTIVE When a significant unexpected finding such as malignancy is noted on a study, the standard of care generally holds that the radiologist communicate the findings to the referring physician and document the communication in the radiology report. Despite this standard, for a variety of reasons it remains possible that the direct care provider might receive such notification but not initiate an appropriate workup. On the basis of prior root cause analysis, we developed and instituted a semiautomated process for notification of critical diagnostic imaging findings. We now report our 12-month experience with the process. MATERIALS AND METHODS A diagnostic code was attached to every radiology report. When a significant unexpected finding occurred, our radiologists, in addition to contacting the appropriate clinician, gave the report the designation code 8. On a weekly basis, a list of code 8 cases was passed to the cancer registrar at our institution, who tracked the cases to ensure that they were appropriately followed up. RESULTS In the 12-month period after initiation of this system, we performed 37,736 radiologic examinations at our institute. Of these, 395 cases were given code 8. All code 8 cases were followed up by the tumor registrar. In 35 cases, no workup was documented after 2 weeks. Of these, eight cases would have been completely lost to follow-up if this safety net had not been in place. CONCLUSION Failures of communication, documentation errors, and various system failures may lead to an untoward outcome for the patient. We devised a simple system to ensure that significant unexpected findings on imaging received appropriate attention. An additional level of redundancy has increased the probability of optimal patient outcome.
Are the differences between CLIL and non-CLIL groups in Andalusia due to CLIL? A reply to Lorenzo, Casal and Moore (2010)

Lorenzo et al. (2010) attribute some quite astounding average FL language score differences between Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) and non-CLIL groups in Andalusia, Spain, precisely favoring the CLIL initiative. However, there are a number of methodological research questions that jeopardize any verifiable conclusions that can be drawn from the study as described by the authors, beginning with the interpretation of the scores. Three other significant factors are considered, before a plea is made for more disinterested research, which does not ignore the less privileged.
The Experience City: Planning of Hybrid Cultural Projects

This article takes its point of departure in the pressure of the experience economy on European cities—a pressure which in recent years has found its expression in a number of comprehensive transformations of the physical and architectural environments, and new eventscapes related to fun and cultural experience are emerging. The physical, cultural and democratic consequences of this development are discussed in the article, as well as the problems and the new opportunities in the “experience city”. It focuses on the design of the “Danish experience city” with a special emphasis on hybrid cultural projects and on performative urban spaces. “Hybrid cultural projects” are characterized by a conscious fusion between urban transformation and new knowledge centres, cultural institutions and experience environments. “Performative urban spaces” are characterized by stages for performance, learning and experience. The performative activity can take on the guise of events—something temporary, but still recurring, which influences the shape and identity of the space. The article contains four sections. In the first section, we present three European cases outside Denmark in order to relate to the wider international debate and development. In Section 2, we present the main theoretical concepts and framings that will guide the understanding and the analysis of the experience city. In Section 3, we focus on the design of the “Danish experience city” and present the first research findings. The projects are categorized according to their content, structure and urban localization. In particular, the cases are labelled in relation to their strategic and urban planning importance, their social and cultural content and their architectural representation and the programmes they contain. The article ends in a discussion of the trajectory for future research.
‘A Child has Many Mothers’

This article examines 20 fostering arrangements in a growing urban community in northwestern Cameroon from the perspectives of those involved. Analysis of interviews with caregivers and birth mothers suggests that the nature of adult relationships is central to children’s living arrangements. Three caregiver-mother relationship profiles are described: the joint venture, the ambivalent takeover and the tug-of-war. These profiles are compared with views of the ideal fostering arrangement and subsequently discussed in relation to the adjustments sub-Saharan families have made and continue to make to contemporary realities.
Commonalities in Development of Pure Breeds and Population Isolates Revealed in the Genome of the Sardinian Fonni's Dog

The island inhabitants of Sardinia have long been a focus for studies of complex human traits due to their unique ancestral background and population isolation reflecting geographic and cultural restriction. Population isolates share decreased genomic diversity, increased linkage disequilibrium, and increased inbreeding coefficients. In many regions, dogs and humans have been exposed to the same natural and artificial forces of environment, growth, and migration. Distinct dog breeds have arisen through human-driven selection of characteristics to meet an ideal standard of appearance and function. The Fonni’s Dog, an endemic dog population on Sardinia, has not been subjected to an intensive system of artificial selection, but rather has developed alongside the human population of Sardinia, influenced by geographic isolation and unregulated selection based on its environmental adaptation and aptitude for owner-desired behaviors. Through analysis of 28 dog breeds, represented with whole-genome sequences from 13 dogs and ∼170,000 genome-wide single nucleotide variants from 155 dogs, we have produced a genomic illustration of the Fonni’s Dog. Genomic patterns confirm within-breed similarity, while population and demographic analyses provide spatial identity of Fonni’s Dog to other Mediterranean breeds. Investigation of admixture and fixation indices reveals insights into the involvement of Fonni’s Dogs in breed development throughout the Mediterranean. We describe how characteristics of population isolates are reflected in dog breeds that have undergone artificial selection, and are mirrored in the Fonni’s Dog through traditional isolating factors that affect human populations. Lastly, we show that the genetic history of Fonni’s Dog parallels demographic events in local human populations.
An Evaluation of Digital Image Correlation Criteria for Strain Mapping Applications

Abstract: The performance of four digital image correlation criteria widely used in strain mapping applications has been critically examined using three sets of digital images with various whole‐field deformation characteristics. The deformed images in these image sets are digitally modified to simulate the less‐than‐ideal image acquisition conditions in an actual experiment, such as variable brightness, contrast, uneven local lighting and blurring. The relative robustness, computational cost and reliability of each criterion are assessed for precision strain mapping applications. Recommendations are given for selecting a proper image correlation criterion to efficiently extract reliable deformation data from a given set of digital images.
Effect of the Matter of Balance Program on Balance Confidence in Older Adults

Abstract. This pre/posttest study investigated the effect of A Matter of Balance: Managing Concerns about Falls (MOB) on balance confidence in older adults. MOB is an evidence-based program designed to decrease fear of falling and increase activity in older adults. Thirty-three participants completed the Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC) pre- and postprogram. Significant differences were found for 3 items: reach for small can off a shelf at eye level (p = .006), walk outside the house to a car parked in the driveway (p = .028), and walk outside on icy sidewalks (p = .009); and for total ABC scores (p = .024). The findings support the efficacy of MOB for increasing balance confidence through a combination of education and exercise.
Organizational Values and Police Officer Evaluation: A Content Comparison Between Traditional and Community Policing Agencies

Although criminal justice literature has suggested that the values and objectives of the community policing philosophy differ from traditional law enforcement, little is known about the specifics of how this approach may have changed formal performance expectations for individual officers. This study incorporates a content analysis of 1,474 individual rating items on 150 officer evaluation instruments from agencies across the United States to determine whether organizational values and performance criteria differ between traditional and community policing agencies. Evaluation content was compared according to five key officer appraisal elements: (a) stakeholder focus, (b) police officer role emphasis, (c) level of service expectation, (d) employee traits encouraged, and (e) type of reinforcement (motivation) utilized. Results indicate that most evaluation content remains focused on the organization, emphasizes internal process aspects of performance, and has little to do with investigation, enforcement, patrol, community service, or other forms of activities that are specific to police work.
Achievement Styles of Women Leaders and Their Peers: Toward an Understanding of Women and Leadership

Women's achievement was examined by studying the achievement styles and leadership outcomes of women college leaders as compared with those of a control sample of undergraduate men and women (Study 1) and with those of men college leaders (Study 2). Women leaders scored significantly higher than control women on six of nine achievement styles, scored higher than control men on three of nine, and derived satisfaction from a greater number of achievement sources than did women or men controls. Women leaders perceived more support from their institutions and attached more importance to contributing to their community and becoming an authority in their field than did men or women controls. Achievement style was related to leadership role, with endorsement of six styles correlated with attaining leadership. Achievement profiles of women leaders were replicated in Study 2. Men and women college leaders showed similar profiles on eight of nine achievement styles. However, women leaders were significantly less likely to derive satisfaction from competitive achievement than were men leaders.
Understanding the health of lorry drivers in context: A critical discourse analysis

This article moves beyond previous attempts to understand health problems in the lives of professional lorry drivers by placing the study of drivers’ health in a wider social and cultural context. A combination of methods including focus groups, interviews and observations were used to collect data from a group of 24 lorry drivers working at a large transport company in the United Kingdom. Employing a critical discourse analysis, we identified the dominant discourses and subject positions shaping the formation of drivers’ health and lifestyle choices. This analysis was systematically combined with an exploration of the gendered ways in which an almost exclusively male workforce talked about health. Findings revealed that drivers were constituted within a neoliberal economic discourse, which is reflective of the broader social structure, and which partly restricted drivers’ opportunities for healthy living. Concurrently, drivers adopted the subject position of ‘average man’ as a way of defending their personal and masculine status in regards to health and to justify jettisoning approaches to healthy living that were deemed too extreme or irrational in the face of the constraints of their working lives. Suggestions for driver health promotion include refocusing on the social and cultural – rather than individual – underpinnings of driver health issues and a move away from moralistic approaches to health promotion.
Distributional Smoothing with Virtual Adversarial Training

We propose local distributional smoothness (LDS), a new notion of smoothness for statistical model that can be used as a regularization term to promote the smoothness of the model distribution. We named the LDS based regularization as virtual adversarial training (VAT). The LDS of a model at an input datapoint is defined as the KL-divergence based robustness of the model distribution against local perturbation around the datapoint. VAT resembles adversarial training, but distinguishes itself in that it determines the adversarial direction from the model distribution alone without using the label information, making it applicable to semi-supervised learning. The computational cost for VAT is relatively low. For neural network, the approximated gradient of the LDS can be computed with no more than three pairs of forward and back propagations. When we applied our technique to supervised and semi-supervised learning for the MNIST dataset, it outperformed all the training methods other than the current state of the art method, which is based on a highly advanced generative model. We also applied our method to SVHN and NORB, and confirmed our method's superior performance over the current state of the art semi-supervised method applied to these datasets.
Benchmarking the codes VORPAL, OSIRIS, and QuickPIC with Laser Wakefield Acceleration Simulations

Three-dimensional laser wakefield acceleration (LWFA) simulations have recently been performed to benchmark the commonly used particle-in-cell (PIC) codes VORPAL, OSIRIS, and QuickPIC. The simulations were run in parallel on over 100 processors, using parameters relevant to LWFA with ultra-short Ti-Sapphire laser pulses propagating in hydrogen gas. Both first-order and second-order particle shapes were employed. We present the results of this benchmarking exercise, and show that accelerating gradients from full PIC agree for all values of a0 and that full and reduced PIC agree well for values of a0 approaching 4.
Can Control at Work and Social Support Moderate Psychological Consequences of Job Insecurity? Results from a Quasi-experimental Study in the Steel Industry

A quasi-experimental field investigation was conducted with blast furnace workers from two German steel companies. Of the 180 workers participating in the study 123 blast furnace workers at comparable work places were taken into the analysis. 48 blast furnace workers of a company offering only highly insecure employment ("Experimental Group", EG) and 75 from a company with no job insecurity ("Control Group", CG) were compared by means of perceived job insecurity, three aspects of well-being and strain (job satisfaction, irritation/strain, psychosomatic complaints), five facets of social support, and five facets of control at work. First, statistical comparisons confirm the strong difference in job security between EG and CG by means of perceived job insecurity and though the validity of the independent variable. Moreover, for the EG comparisons show no substantive increase in psychosomatic complaints or job strain but diminished job satisfaction, they also indicate reduced collective control, hope for con.
Superior gluteal nerve entrapment between two bellies of piriformis muscle

A double belly composition of piriformis muscle with superior gluteal nerve entrapment between the two muscle masses was detected. Piriformis muscle and its relation to sciatic nerve has been suggested as a cause of piriformis syndrome. Patients suffering from buttock pain are most often diagnosed as having piriformis syndrome, where anatomical variation of the piriformis is an important contributor. The present variation showed two distinct bellies of piriformis muscle. Interestingly the superior gluteal nerve was interposed between the two bellies. Such incidental findings on cadavers may help the clinicians to establish a rare yet important cause of piriformis syndrome. Furthermore, such observations are also relevant to the radiologists while interpreting MRI scans in cases of undiagnosed chronic gluteal pain.
Effects of External and Internal Motivation to Control Prejudice on Implicit Prejudice: The Mediating Role of Efforts to Control Prejudiced Responses

We examined the effects of internal and external motivation to control prejudice on implicit prejudice, focusing on identifying a mediator of the relation between external motivation and implicit prejudice. White participants completed internal and external motivation to control prejudice measures several weeks before completing the Implicit Association Test (IAT). Participants who were more internally motivated showed less implicit prejudice, whereas those who were more externally motivated displayed more implicit prejudice. Consistent with an ironic processes explanation, the effect of external motivation on increased implicit prejudice was mediated by efforts to control prejudiced responses.
GENOTYPIC EVALUATION OF ETRAVIRINE SENSITIVITY OF CLINICAL HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1 (HIV-1) ISOLATES CARRYING RESISTANCE MUTATIONS TO NEVIRAPINE AND EFAVIRENZ

Abstract Background: Etravirine is a second-generation non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) with a pattern of resistance mutations quite distinct from the current NNRTIs. Methods: We collected all routine samples of HIV-1 patients followed in the AIDS reference laboratory of UCLouvain (in 2006 and 2007) carrying resistance-associated mutations to nevirapine (NVP) or efavirenz (EFV). The sensitivity to Etravirine was estimated using three different drug resistance algorithms: ANRS (July 2008), IAS (December 2008) and Stanford (November 2008). We also verified whether the mutations described as resistance mutations are not due to virus polymorphisms by the study of 58 genotypes of NNRTI-naïve patients. Results: Sixty one samples harboured resistance to NVP and EFV: 41/61 had at least one resistance mutation to Etravirine according to ANRS-IAS algorithms; 42/61 samples had at least one resistance mutation to Etravirine according to the Stanford algorithm. 48 and 53 cases were fully sensitive to Etravirine according to ANRS-IAS and Stanford algorithms, respectively. Three cases harboured more than three mutations and presented a pattern of high-degree resistance to Etravirine according to ANRS-IAS algorithm, while one case harboured more than three mutations and presented high degree resistance to Etravirine according to the Stanford algorithm. The V106I and V179D mutations were more frequent in the ARV-naïve group than in the NNRTI-experienced one. Conclusions: According to the currently available algorithms, Etravirine can still be used in the majority of patients with virus showing resistance to NVP and/or EFV, if a combination of other active drugs is included.