Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cyclobenzaprine and back pain: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND Back pain is a common problem for which cyclobenzaprine hydrochloride is frequently prescribed. OBJECTIVE To perform a systematic review of cyclobenzaprine's effectiveness in the treatment of back pain. METHODS We searched MEDLINE, PsycLIT, CINAHL, EMBASE, AIDSLINE, HEALTHSTAR, CANCERLIT, the Cochrane Library, Micromedex, Federal Research in Progress, and the references of reviewed articles, and contacted Merck, Sharpe and Dohme for English-language, randomized, placebo-controlled trials of cyclobenzaprine in adults with back pain. Outcomes included global improvement and 5 specific domains of back pain (local pain, muscle spasm, range of motion, tenderness to palpation, and activities of daily living). Study quality was assessed using the methods of Jadad. Summary outcomes were obtained using a random-effects model. RESULTS Patients treated with cyclobenzaprine were nearly 5 times (odds ratio, 4.7; 95% confidence interval, 2.7-8.1) as likely to report symptom improvement by day 14 as were those treated with placebo. Slightly fewer than 3 individuals (2.7; 95% confidence interval, 2.0-4.2) needed treatment for 1 to improve. The magnitude of this improvement was modest, with an effect size of 0.38 to 0.58 in all 5 outcomes (local pain, muscle spasm, tenderness to palpation, range of motion, and activities of daily living). Treatment efficacy for these 5 outcomes was greatest early, in the first few days of treatment, declining after the first week. Patients receiving cyclobenzaprine also experienced more adverse effects, the most common being drowsiness. CONCLUSIONS Cyclobenzaprine is more effective than placebo in the management of back pain; the effect is modest and comes at the price of greater adverse effects. The effect is greatest in the first 4 days of treatment, suggesting that shorter courses may be better. Studies comparing the relative value of acetaminophen, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and cyclobenzaprine individually and in combination in the treatment of back pain are needed.
I Would Like to Be Truthful, But…: A Systemic Study of Academic Dishonesty From Conscientiousness, Performance Goal Orientation, Competition, and Peer Influence Perspectives

Academic dishonesty is any behavior in the learning process which violates the principles of justice and integrity, in order to get higher marks. The complexity of the phenomenon requires a systemic analysis which considers individual and contextual factors. This research used the incidental sampling survey method. The research subjects were 535 Faculty of Psychology students from the 2013 to 2016 classes of Universitas Surabaya. The research goal was to examine the role of individual factors, including conscientiousness and performance goal orientation, and also contextual factors, including competition and peer influence, regarding academic cheating. The research results showed that conscientiousness, performance goal orientation, competition, and peer influence together contributed to academic cheating in the amount of 11.6% (R = 0.340, p = .000). The analysis of each factor showed that there are three factors influencing academic cheating, these being conscientiousness (partial correlation = - .262, p = .000), competition (partial correlation = .129, p = .003), and peer influence (partial correlation = .189, p = .000). However, performance goal orientation did not play any role (partial correlation = .066, p = .128). This implied the existence of other factors, such as self-efficacy, academic achievement, and university regulations.
Serum thymidine kinase 1 levels predict cancer-free survival following neoadjuvant, surgical and adjuvant treatment of patients with locally advanced breast cancer

In this study, the use of serum thymidine kinase 1 protein (STK1p) concentration for the prognosis of the overall survival of patients with locally advanced breast cancer (n=51) following routine treatment (neoadjuvant treatment, surgery and chemotherapy) was investigated. The patients were followed up for 44 months and the STK1p values were determined by a high-sensitivity enhanced chemiluminescence (ECL) dot blot assay. The variables investigated in relation to metastasis and survival were STK1p, clinical stage, tumor size and age, by the Kaplan-Meier method, the log-rank test and Cox uni- and multivariate analyses. Patients with high STK1p values (≥2.0 pM) 3–6 months after surgery exhibited a positive correlation to clinical stage, tumor size, occurrence of metastasis and survival. The hazard risk for the development of metastatic disease and mortality among breast cancer patients was 11–12 times higher in patients with high compared to those with low STK1p values (<2.0 pM). Notably, patients with stage III/IV disease and low STK1p values exhibited statistically significantly improved survival compared to patients with high STK1p values. A multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that the STK1p levels 6 months after surgery was the only independent prognostic factor for metastasis and survival. In conclusion, STK1p is a prognostic marker in patients with locally advanced breast cancer and it may help identify a subgroup of stage III/IV patients with improved cancer-free survival expectancy, enabling personalized treatment.
Burial of the polar magnetic field of an accreting neutron star – II. Hydromagnetic stability of axisymmetric equilibria

The theory of polar magnetic burial in accreting neutron stars predicts that a mountain of accreted material accumulates at the magnetic poles of the star, and that, as the mountain spreads equatorward, it is confined by, and compresses, the equatorial magnetic field. Here, we extend previous, axisymmetric, Grad-Shafranov calculations of the hydromagnetic structure of a magnetic mountain up to accreted masses as high as M a = 6 x 10 -4 M ⊙ , by importing the output from previous calculations (which were limited by numerical problems and the formation of closed bubbles to M a < 10 -4 M ⊙ ) into the time-dependent, ideal-magnetohydrodynamic code zEUS-3D and loading additional mass on to the star dynamically. The rise of buoyant magnetic bubbles through the accreted layer is observed in these experiments. We also investigate the stability of the resulting hydromagnetic equilibria by perturbing them in zEUS-3D. Surprisingly, it is observed that the equilibria are marginally stable for all M a ≤6 x 10 -4 M ⊙ ; the mountain oscillates persistently when perturbed, in a combination of Alfven and acoustic modes, without appreciable damping or growth, and is therefore not disrupted (apart from a transient Parker instability initially, which expels < 1 per cent of the mass and magnetic flux).
Dynamics of Scene Representations in the Human Brain revealed by MEG and Deep Neural Networks

Human scene recognition is a rapid multistep process evolving over time from single scene image to spatial layout processing. We used multivariate pattern analyses on magnetoencephalography (MEG) data to unravel the time course of this cortical process. Following an early signal for lower-level visual analysis of single scenes at ∼ 100ms, we found a marker of real-world scene size, i.e., spatial layout processing, at ∼ 250ms indexing neural representations robust to changes in unrelated scene properties and viewing conditions. For a quantitative explanation that captures the complexity of scene recognition, we compared MEG data to a deep neural network model trained on scene classification. Representations of scene size emerged intrinsically in the model, and resolved emerging neural scene size representation. Together our data provide a first description of an electrophysiological signal for layout processing in humans, and a novel quantitative model of how spatial layout representations may emerge in the human brain. The supplemental materials are available at: http://brainmodels.csail. mit.edu/scene-size
Multiphoton microscopy in the diagnostic assessment of pediatric solid tissue in comparison to conventional histopathology: results of the first international online interobserver trial

Purpose: Clear resection margins are paramount for good outcome in children undergoing solid tumor resections. Multiphoton microscopy (MPM) can provide high-resolution, real-time, intraoperative microscopic images of tumor tissue. Objective: This prospective international multicenter study evaluates the diagnostic accuracy, feasibility, and interobserver congruence of MPM in diagnosing solid pediatric tissue and tumors for the first time. Material and methods: Representative fresh sections from six different neonatal solid tissues (liver, lung, kidney, adrenal gland, heart muscle, testicle) and two types of typical pediatric solid tumors (neuroblastoma, rhabdomyosarcoma) with adjacent nonneoplastic tissue were imaged with MPM and then presented online with corresponding H&E stained slides of the exact same tissue region. Both image sets of each tissue type were interpreted by 38 randomly selected international attending pediatric pathologists via an online evaluation software. Results: The quality of MPM was sufficient to make the diagnosis of all normal tissue types except cardiac muscle in >94% of assessors with high interobserver congruence and 95% sensitivity. Heart muscle was interpreted as skeletal muscle in 55% of cases. Based on MPM imaging, participating pathologists diagnosed the presented pediatric neoplasms with 100% specificity, although the sensitivity reached only about 50%. Conclusion: Even without prior training, pathologists are able to diagnose normal pediatric tissues with valuable accuracy using MPM. While current MPM imaging protocols are not yet sensitive enough to reliably rule out neuroblastoma or rhabdomyosarcoma, they seem to be specific and therefore useful to confirm a diagnosis intraoperatively. We are confident that improved algorithms, specific training, and more experience with the method will make MPM a valuable future alternative to frozen section analysis. Registration: The trial was registered at www.researchregistry. com, registration number 2967.
Retrospective patterns of differential mortality and common year-effects experienced by spring and summer chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) of the Columbia River

We used spawnerrecruit data to estimate the instantaneous differential mortality (µ) experienced by seven Snake River spring and summer chinook (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) stocks relative to six lower Columbia River stocks. We applied 37 Ricker stockrecruit models to these data, incorporating different assumptions about measurement error, transport survival, intrinsic productivity, methods of estimating µ, and common year-effects that affect the survival of all stocks. Estimates of mean µ for the 12 best models ranged from 0.55 to 1.90 (mean of 1.09), implying that passage from Lower Granite Dam to John Day Dam reduced recruitment of 19701990 Snake River broods by an average of 4285% (mean of 66%). Differential mortality was cyclical and moderately high in the 1970s brood years, low for 19801983, near average in 19841989, and high in 1990. Our empirical estimates of µ showed low bias and were between those produced by two mechanistic passage models. The best empirical models included common year-effe.
Corybantic: towards the modular composition of SDN control programs

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) promises to enable vigorous innovation, through separation of the control plane from the data plane, and to enable novel forms of network management, through a controller that uses a global view to make globally-valid decisions. The design of SDN controllers creates novel challenges; much previous work has focused on making them scalable, reliable, and efficient. However, prior work has ignored the problem that multiple controller functions may be competing for resources (e.g., link bandwidth or switch table slots). Our Corybantic design supports modular composition of independent controller modules, which manage different aspects of the network while competing for resources. Each module tries to optimize one or more objective functions; we address the challenge of how to coordinate between these modules to maximize the overall value delivered by the controllers' decisions, while still achieving modularity.
Change Leadership: The Role of Emotional Intelligence

This article presents the role of emotional intelligence in leading change in an organization. Specifically, the article highlights the different perspectives of emotional intelligence, and the related five components—self-awareness, self-regulation, self-motivation, empathy, and social skill—are discussed. In furtherance, I propose how emotional intelligence contributes to change leadership focusing on building a team to affect change, and overcoming resistance to change.
Empirical Evaluation of a Replanning Algorithm

In this paper, we present and discuss the empirical evaluation of a replanning algorithm for a utility-based, hierarchical planner. The algorithm is embedded in a BDI agent architecture which includes a meta-deliberation component. The aim of the experimental setting is to investigate, given a utilitybased notion of plan failure, the role of replanning in different domains, and to evaluate the preferability of replanning versus planning from scratch when the plan fails during execution.
Melphalan-prednisone versus alternating combination VAD/MP or VND/MP as primary therapy for multiple myeloma: final analysis of a randomized clinical study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In the absence of a cure for multiple myeloma (MM) with standard-dose therapy, any strategy that can be expected to increase tumor reduction and to extend survival duration is likely to be of clinical relevance. The primary end-point of the present study was to investigate whether the alternating combination of vincristine-doxorubicin-dexamethasone (VAD) and melphalan-prednisone (MP) or vincristine-mitoxantrone-dexamethasone (VND) and MP could improve the clinical outcome of MM patients thus treated in comparison with those receiving MP alone. DESIGN AND METHODS Between November 1990 and April 1994, 527 previously untreated, stage I-III, MM patients from 29 Italian institutions were randomized to receive one of three remission induction chemotherapy regimens consisting of 8-monthly courses of either MP alone or alternating VAD/MP or VND/MP. RESULTS On an intent-to-treat basis, the objective response rates were 53% with MP (objective + minor: 67%), 47% with VAD/MP (objective + minor: 61%) and 49% with VND/MP (objective + minor: 61%). Median survival duration was 36.5 months with MP, 29 months with VAD/MP and 32.5 months with VND/MP. The difference among these groups was not statistically significant, even after stratifying patients into high-risk and low-risk subgroups, as assessed by a multifactor proportional hazard analysis. In both younger and elderly patients, severe granulocytopenia and related infections were significantly more frequent with VND/MP compared to the remaining arms of treatment (p < 0.001 and p = 0.009, respectively). Similarly, the frequency of WHO grade III-IV cardiovascular events was significantly higher for patients receiving anthracycline-containing regimens (VND/MP and VAD/MP) than for those treated with MP alone (p = 0.04). INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS Alternating VAD/MP and VND/MP failed to improve the clinical outcome for MM patients, at the cost of increased toxicity and morbidity. Resistance to standard-dose chemotherapy remains a significant obstacle to the treatment of MM.
B-Course: A Web-Based Tool for Bayesian and Causal Data Analysis

B-Course is a free web-based online data analysis tool, which allows the users to analyze their data for multivariate probabilistic dependencies. These dependencies are represented as Bayesian network models. In addition to this, B-Course also offers facilities for inferring certain type of causal dependencies from the data. The software uses a novel "tutorial stylerdquo; user-friendly interface which intertwines the steps in the data analysis with support material that gives an informal introduction to the Bayesian approach adopted. Although the analysis methods, modeling assumptions and restrictions are totally transparent to the user, this transparency is not achieved at the expense of analysis power: with the restrictions stated in the support material, B-Course is a powerful analysis tool exploiting several theoretically elaborate results developed recently in the fields of Bayesian and causal modeling. B-Course can be used with most web-browsers (even Lynx), and the facilities include features such as automatic missing data handling and discretization, a flexible graphical interface for probabilistic inference on the constructed Bayesian network models (for Java enabled browsers), automatic prettyHyphen;printed layout for the networks, exportation of the models, and analysis of the importance of the derived dependencies. In this paper we discuss both the theoretical design principles underlying the B-Course tool, and the pragmatic methods adopted in the implementation of the software.
Order in Product Customization Decisions: Evidence from Field Experiments

Differentiated product models are predicated on the belief that a product’s utility can be derived from the summation of utilities for its individual attributes. In one framed field experiment and two natural field experiments, we test this assumption by experimentally manipulating the order of attribute presentation in the product customization process of custom‐made suits and automobiles. We find that order affects the design of a suit that people configure and the design and price of a car that people purchase by influencing the likelihood that they will accept the default option suggested by the firm.
Tertiary Students’ Perceptions about Their Prospects of Employability: The Case of Students in Ghana

ABSTRACT The soaring rate of graduate unemployment in Ghanahas continued to engage the attention of government and other stakeholders in finding a lasting and sustainable solution to the problem. However, the critical question that always arises is how students in tertiary institutions perceive their employability and what the extent of their knowledge of the requirements in the labour market is. Empirical information on this critical question will help guide employment policy formulation, skills training and entrepreneurial development. It is in this vein that this article presents an analysis of students’ perceptions about the prospects of employability in the job market among students of the University for Development Studies (UDS) and Tamale Polytechnic. Purposive and convenience sampling techniques were used in selecting 368 students from the two institutions and interviewing them by means of a semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and probit regression analysis were applied in analysing the data. The analysis revealed that students prefer to be employed in public or private organisations than engage in self-employed enterprises. The results of the survey indicated that students generally are aware of the job market requirements but are, however, not confident about their employability. The students’ age, residential status, and access to entrepreneurial training as well as prospects of securing a preferred job, work experience and level of studies were found to be significant determinants of their perceived prospects of employability. There is the need for entrepreneurial training and orientation of students in tertiary institutions in order to equip and inspire them in terms of self-employed enterprise creation and skills development.
Cluster-based probability model and its application to image and texture processing

We develop, analyze, and apply a specific form of mixture modeling for density estimation within the context of image and texture processing. The technique captures much of the higher order, nonlinear statistical relationships present among vector elements by combining aspects of kernel estimation and cluster analysis. Experimental results are presented in the following applications: image restoration, image and texture compression, and texture classification.
Oscillating Disc Technology for Rock Excavation: DEM for non-linear rock cutting tools

Rock cutting is a challenging process. Heavy equipment, large cutting forces, high wear rates and large amounts of required energy are common challenges when cutting rock. Traditionally, rock cutting is based on a linear motion of the cutting tool. However, a significant improvement on the cutting performance is expected when using non-linear cutting techniques. Non-linear cutting can be achieved by using an actuator to create a vibrating or oscillating motion on top of the linear forward motion of the cutting tool. The focus in this paper is on the oscillating undercutting disc cutter. This disc attacks the rock like a chisel or pickpoint, aiming at a cutting process dominated by tensile failures. Although the discrete element method has been successfully used for various rock cutting processes, all these processes are based on linear rock cutting tools and most of these researches are based on 2D simulations. The use of a 3D approach is necessary to enable the simulation of oscillatory rock cutting tools. This paper utilizes discrete element method in 3D to investigate non-linear cutting processes, especially the effects of the design parameters such as frequency, velocity and eccentricity of the cutting tool. To resemble rock-like materials the particles are placed in a dense particle assembly and they are bonded together through perfect brittle elastic bonds. The bonds can fail in shear and in tension, allowing the dominant failure mechanisms, i.e. shear and tensile cracks, to occur. After failure of these bonds, particles can still interact through collisions. The simulation results show the effect of the tested design parameters and are compared with analytical models and actual experiments of oscillating undercutting discs.
Biopterin Metabolism and eNOS Expression during Hypoxic Pulmonary Hypertension in Mice

Tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), which fosters the formation of and stabilizes endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) as an active dimer, tightly regulates eNOS coupling / uncoupling. Moreover, studies conducted in genetically-modified models demonstrate that BH4 pulmonary deficiency is a key determinant in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension. The present study thus investigates biopterin metabolism and eNOS expression, as well as the effect of sepiapterin (a precursor of BH4) and eNOS gene deletion, in a mice model of hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. In lungs, chronic hypoxia increased BH4 levels and eNOS expression, without modifying dihydrobiopterin (BH2, the oxidation product of BH4) levels, GTP cyclohydrolase-1 or dihydrofolate reductase expression (two key enzymes regulating BH4 availability). In intrapulmonary arteries, chronic hypoxia also increased expression of eNOS, but did not induce destabilisation of eNOS dimers into monomers. In hypoxic mice, sepiapterin prevented increase in right ventricular systolic pressure and right ventricular hypertrophy, whereas it modified neither remodelling nor alteration in vasomotor responses (hyper-responsiveness to phenylephrine, decrease in endothelium-dependent relaxation to acetylcholine) in intrapulmonary arteries. Finally, deletion of eNOS gene partially prevented hypoxia-induced increase in right ventricular systolic pressure, right ventricular hypertrophy and remodelling of intrapulmonary arteries. Collectively, these data demonstrate the absence of BH4/BH2 changes and eNOS dimer destabilisation, which may induce eNOS uncoupling during hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension. Thus, even though eNOS gene deletion and sepiapterin treatment exert protective effects on hypoxia-induced pulmonary vascular remodelling, increase on right ventricular pressure and / or right ventricular hypertrophy, these effects appear unrelated to biopterin-dependent eNOS uncoupling within pulmonary vasculature of hypoxic wild-type mice.