Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Noncanonical Postsynaptic Transport Route for a GPCR Belonging to the Serotonin Receptor Family

Postsynaptic receptor trafficking plays an essential role in tuning neurotransmission and signal plasticity and has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in neuropsychiatric disease. Using a novel application of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching in rat hippocampal neurons, we examined transport from the soma to dendrites of seven G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) implicated in mood disorders. Most GPCRs were delivered to dendrites via lateral diffusion, but one GPCR, the serotonin 1B receptor (5-HT1B), was delivered to the dendrites in secretory vesicles. Within the dendrites, 5-HT1B were stored in a reservoir of accessible vesicles that were recruited to preferential sites in plasma membrane, as observed with superecliptic pHluorin labeling. After membrane recruitment, 5-HT1B transport via lateral diffusion and temporal confinement to inhibitory and excitatory synapses was monitored by single particle tracking. These results suggest an alternative mechanism for control of neuronal activity via a GPCR that has been implicated in mood regulation.
The Total Impact of Wind Energy Variability on Fossil Fuel Emission Rates in Texas

In this paper we studied both direct and indirect impacts of wind energy generation on fossil fueled generator emission rates within the same interconnected region. Specifically, we examine the relationship between increased levels of wind energy generation and emissions per unit of electricity produced using historical data for electricity output and CO2, SO2 and NOx emissions in the Electric Reliability Council of Texas (ERCOT). Using EPA’s Clean Air Markets hourly emissions data, we calculate the total combustion emissions of CO2, SO2 and NOx per MWh of electricity output for the ERCOT system from 2008 – 2011. The EPA database includes CO2, SO2 and NOx emissions reported by facility owner and operators on an hourly basis in a manner that incorporates facility inefficiencies during ramping periods, allowing us to fully evaluate the emissions reductions achieved in ERCOT as a result of increased wind generation. Incorporating these impacts we find that primary impacts from wind generation outweight secondary impacts by several orders of magnitude. The paper is organized as follows: After the introduction the second section discusses regional implications of our research. The third section gives a brief overview of the existing literature covering research and analyses used to determine emissions impacts related to wind energy. The fourth section discusses the data used in our analyses, while the fifth section addresses our empirical methodology for establishing causal relationships using empirical data from ERCOT, including a comparison with existing literature. In section six we examine the results of our analysis in comparison with results found using different methodologies in the literature. We conclude our paper with a summary of estimated impacts as well as policy implications arising from our results.
Does Consumer Buying Behavior Change During Economic Crisis

Understanding of consumer buying pattern plays the most important role in the success of any business organization. Hence, the core behaviour of consumer is also of great importance and significance for a successful marketing experience and financial affluence. However, consumer purchasing behaviour can vary severely and has a very intricate trend. Consumer buying behaviour has been attracting the studies and interest of a large amount of academician for a long time. The current financial downturn had a huge influence on the economic and social aspects of consumers around the globe. Different behaviour has been shifted through different level of economies, one of which, the Indian culture purchasing pattern. For this reason, this research is aimed to focus on the changing trends in consumer buying behaviour in the present global business crisis. This paper outlines at first, a portrait of the new consumer, highlighting its main features, derived primarily from the need for authenticity, which distinguishes it from the so called traditional consumer. Global economic crisis, which turned out to be not only a financial crisis, but also one of capitalism, the new consumer behaviour has encountered a series of changes. This paper also analyze the results of some research realized in different countries in the recession period in order to highlight the main changes occurred in the consumer buying behaviour and to draw a portrait after the economic crisis.
A Power Consumption Analysis for IP-Over-WDM Core Network Architectures

As Internet traffic is estimated to substantially grow in the near future, one of the most challenging issues will concern the reduction of its power requirement. For the core/transport section of the Internet, various network architectures can be considered, typically multi-layer architectures composed of an optical wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transport layer under the classical electronic IP layer. Thus, we consider in this paper four architectures: basic IP over WDM with no optical switching, IP over synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) over WDM, and IP over WDM with transparent or translucent switching. Energy efficiency in these architectures is expected to be enabled by optical switching technologies, mainly due to the significant reduction in the number of required optical/electronic/optical conversions. However, since optical signals are subject to relevant physical layer impairments when traversing core network devices, signal regeneration is often required, which has to be accomplished either at the electronic layer by routers/digital cross connects (DXCs) or directly at the optical layer through 3R-regenerators. Therefore, it is important to know which network architecture may provide the highest energy efficiency. In this paper we perform a comprehensive comparison between the four above-mentioned optical core network architectures, by performing energy assessment of the devices used at the transport layer of a telecom network and by developing an integer linear programming formulation for an energy-minimized and impairment-aware design of each of the considered architectures. We find that optical technology can enable power savings up to 60% with respect to classical IP-over-WDM architectures with no optical switching, but the best “optical” architecture is not univocal, and it is influenced by some crucial network parameters (connectivity, geographical extension, etc.).
Natural calamities and ‘the Big Migration’: Challenges to the Mongolian health system in ‘the Age of the Market’

Beginning with the demise of the socialist state system in 1990, Mongolia embarked on a process of neoliberal economic reform, initiating what is known among the Mongols as ‘the Age of the Market’. The socialist health system has been replaced by a series of reforms initiated and substantiated by foreign donor organisations. This paper critically examines Mongolia's health system and discusses the extent to which this ‘system’, despite its provision of universal, accessible and essential primary health care services, is unable to accommodate the health needs of poor urban in-migrants and nomadic herders in remote provinces. With a particular focus on recurrent natural winter disasters (dzud) and an escalating rural to urban migration, the paper argues that the issues of access to health services and health system strengthening must be understood in relation to factors external to the health system. Ethnographic research highlights that despite a growing economy, considerable external aid and an established primary health care model, weak rural politics, environmental challenges and economic constraints create escalating health vulnerability among the poorest in Mongolia.
Iron Deficiency Anemia Coexists with Cancer Related Anemia and Adversely Impacts Quality of Life

Cancer related anemia (CRA) adversely affects patient Quality of Life (QoL) and overall survival. We prospectively studied the prevalence, etiology and the impact of anemia on QoL in 218 Indian cancer patients attending a tertiary referral hospital. The study used the sTfR/log Ferritin index to detect iron deficiency anemia and assessed patient QoL using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Anemia (FACT-An) tool, standardized for language. Mean patient age was 51±13 years and 60% were female. The prevalence of cancer related anemia in this setting was 64% (n = 139). As expected, plasma ferritin did not differ significantly between anemic (n = 121) and non-anemic cancer patients (n = 73). In contrast, plasma sTfR levels were significantly higher in anemic cancer patients compared to non-anemic cancer patients (31 nmol/L vs. 24 nmol/L, p = 0.002). Among anemic cancer patients, using the sTfR/log Ferritin index, we found that 60% (n = 83) had iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Interestingly, plasma sTfR levels were significantly higher in cancer patients with CRA+IDA (n = 83) compared with patients having CRA (n = 38) alone (39 nmol/L vs. 20 nmol/L, p<0.001). There was a significant linear correlation between Hb and QoL (Spearman ρ = 0.21; p = 0.001) and multivariate regression analysis revealed that every gram rise in Hb was accompanied by a 3.1 unit increase in the QoL score (95% CI = 0.19–5.33; p = 0.003). The high prevalence of anemia in cancer patients, a major portion of which is due to iron deficiency anemia, the availability of sensitive and specific biomarkers of iron status to detect IDA superimposed on anemia of inflammation, suggests an urgent need to diagnose and treat such patients. Despite the potential negative consequences of increasing metabolically available plasma iron in cancer, our clinical data suggest that detecting and treating IDA in anemic cancer patients will have important consequences to their QoL and overall survival. Clinical trials of iron therapy in these patients will be able to demonstrate the potential for benefit or harm.
Mit Sloan School of Management Mit Sloan School Working Paper 4762-09 Bringing Entrepreneurial Ideas to Life Bringing Entrepreneurial Ideas to Life

All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission, provided that full credit including © notice is given to the source. Abstract Organizational design in the context of new venture development is particularly challenging due to initially severe resource constraints. Deepening our understanding of differential productivity in the startup resource assembly process is therefore important. We address the twin questions of what assets are important to venture performance, and under what conditions are those assets especially important? We do so by considering initial venture idea assets and founder contracting experience. The resource-based view of the firm stresses developing the right assets, which accords with idea assets. Firm boundary theories of the firm emphasize structuring relationships in the right way given a set of organizational assets, which accords with founder contracting experience. Using unique survey data, we find that neither view by itself is as important as both theories taken together. We therefore advance an integrated perspective by showing that new ventures perform better when they both identify valuable resources and also assemble human assets with expertise in structuring organizational arrangements to commercialize those ideas. An important implication is that organizational resources have a range of potential values, and that realizing the upper range of value capture involves the additional ability to structure organizational relationships.
Stylometry and collaborative authorship: Eddy, Lovecraft, and 'The Loved Dead'

The authorship of the 1924 short story ‘The Loved Dead’ has been contested by family members of Clifford Martin Eddy, Jr. and Sunand Tryambak Joshi, a leading scholar on Howard Phillips Lovecraft. The authors of this article use stylometric methods to provide evidence for a claim about the authorship of the story and to analyze the nature of Eddy’s collaboration with Lovecraft. Further, we extend Rybicki, Hoover, and Kestemont’s (Collaborative authorship: Conrad, Ford, and rolling delta. Literary and Linguistic Computing , 2014; 29 , 422–31) analysis of stylometry as it relates to collaborations in order to reveal the necessary considerations for employing a stylometric approach to authorial collaboration.
Prediction of First Events of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke With Consideration of Adiposity

Background— Prediction of coronary heart disease (CHD) and cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) can aid healthcare providers and prevention programs. Previous reports have focused on traditional cardiovascular risk factors; less information has been available on the role of overweight and obesity. Methods and Results— Baseline data from 4780 Framingham Offspring Study adults with up to 24 years of follow-up were used to assess risk for a first CHD event (angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, or cardiac death) alone, first CeVD event (acute brain infarction, transient ischemic attack, and stroke-related death) alone, and CHD and CeVD events combined. Accelerated failure time models were developed for the time of first event to age, sex, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, diabetes mellitus (DM), systolic blood pressure, smoking status, and body mass index (BMI). Likelihood-ratio tests of statistical significance were used to identify the best-fitting predictive functions. Age, sex, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, ratio of cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and presence of DM were highly related (P<0.01 for all) to the development of first CHD events, and all of the above except sex and DM were highly related to the first CeVD event. BMI also significantly predicted the occurrence of CHD (P=0.05) and CeVD (P=0.03) in multivariable models adjusting for traditional risk factors. The magnitude of the BMI effect was reduced but remained statistically significant when traditional variables were included in the prediction models. Conclusions— Greater BMI, higher systolic blood pressure, higher ratio of cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and presence of DM were all predictive of first CHD events, and all but the presence of DM were predictive of first CeVD events. These results suggest that common pathophysiological mechanisms underlie the roles of BMI, DM, and systolic blood pressure as predictors for first CHD and CeVD events.
Joint f0 and inharmoncity estimation using second order optimization

A new method is presented for the joint estimation of the inharmonicity coefficient and the fundamental frequency of inharmonic instrument sounds. The proposed method iteratively uses a peak selection algorithm and a joint parameters estimation method based on nonlinear optimization. We further introduce an adapted tessitura model to evaluate our proposed method for piano sounds and to compare it with state-of-the-art techniques.
Vulnerability and Protection of Channel State Information in Multiuser MIMO Networks

Multiple-In-Multiple-Out (MIMO) offers great potential for increasing network capacity by exploiting spatial diversity with multiple antennas. Multiuser MIMO (MU-MIMO) further enables Access Points (APs) with multiple antennas to transmit multiple data streams concurrently to several clients. In MU-MIMO, clients need to estimate Channel State Information (CSI) and report it to APs in order to eliminate interference between them. We explore the vulnerability in clients' plaintext feedback of estimated CSI to the APs and propose two advanced attacks that malicious clients can mount by reporting forged CSI: (1) sniffing attack that enables concurrently transmitting malicious clients to eavesdrop other ongoing transmissions; (2) power attack that enables malicious clients to enhance their own capacity at the expense of others? We have implemented and evaluated these two attacks in a WARP testbed. Based on our experimental results, we suggest a revision of the current CSI feedback scheme and propose a novel CSI feedback system, called the CSIsec, to prevent CSI forging without requiring any modification at the client side, thus facilitating its deployment.
Concurrent trastuzumab and HER2/neu-specific vaccination in patients with metastatic breast cancer.

PURPOSE The primary objectives of this phase I/II study were to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of combination therapy consisting of concurrent trastuzumab and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/neu-specific vaccination in patients with HER2/neu-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Twenty-two patients with stage IV HER2/neu-positive breast cancer receiving trastuzumab therapy were vaccinated with an HER2/neu T-helper peptide-based vaccine. Toxicity was graded according to National Cancer Institute criteria, and antigen specific T-cell immunity was assessed by interferon gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot assay. Data on progression-free and overall survival were collected. RESULTS Concurrent trastuzumab and HER2/neu vaccinations were well tolerated, with 15% of patients experiencing an asymptomatic decline in left ventricular ejection fraction below the normal range during combination therapy. Although many patients had pre-existing immunity specific for HER2/neu and other breast cancer antigens while treated with trastuzumab alone, that immunity could be significantly boosted and maintained with vaccination. Epitope spreading within HER2/neu and to additional tumor-related proteins was stimulated by immunization, and the magnitude of the T-cell response generated was significantly inversely correlated with serum transforming growth factor beta levels. At a median follow-up of 36 months from the first vaccine, the median overall survival in the study population has not been reached. CONCLUSION Combination therapy with trastuzumab and a HER2/neu vaccine is associated with minimal toxicity and results in prolonged, robust, antigen-specific immune responses in treated patients.
A wideband lumped-element model for arbitrarily shaped integrated inductors

In this paper a model based on lumped elements is used to characterize integrated inductors. The method proposed allows the modelling of integrated inductors for a wide range of frequencies, thus granting the overall characterization of the device and the evaluation of important design parameters such as inductance, quality factor and resonance frequency. The model can easily be applied to any polygonal shape inductor due to its inductance calculation through self and mutual inductances. Electromagnetic simulations results are presented to demonstrate the validation of the model.
Pharmacotherapy in the cardiac catheterization laboratory: evolution and recent developments

Many recent innovations have been made in developing new antiplatelet and anticoagulant drugs in the last few years, with a total of nine new antithrombotic drugs approved by the Food and Drug Administration after the year 2000. This has revolutionized the medical therapy given to manage acute coronary syndrome and support cardiac catheterization. The concept of dual antiplatelet therapy has been emphasized, and clopidogrel has emerged as the most-popular second antiplatelet drug after aspirin. Newer P2Y12 inhibitors like prasugrel and ticagrelor have been extensively studied and compared to clopidogrel. The role of glycoprotein (Gp) IIb/IIIa inhibitors is being redefined. Other alternatives to unfractionated heparin have become available, of which enoxaparin and bivalirudin have been studied the most. Apart from these, many more drugs with novel therapeutic targets are being studied and are currently under development. In this review, current evidence on these drugs is presented and analyzed in a way that would facilitate decision making for the clinician. For this analysis, various high-impact clinical trials, pharmacological studies, meta-analyses, and reviews were accessed through the MEDLINE database. Adopting a unique interdisciplinary approach, an attempt has been made to integrate pharmacological and clinical evidence to better understand and appreciate the pros and cons of each of these classes of drugs.
Image Segmentation UsingHigher-Order Correlation Clustering

In this paper, a hypergraph-based image segmentation framework is formulated in a supervised manner for many high-level computer vision tasks. To consider short- and long-range dependency among various regions of an image and also to incorporate wider selection of features, a higher-order correlation clustering (HO-CC) is incorporated in the framework. Correlation clustering (CC), which is a graph-partitioning algorithm, was recently shown to be effective in a number of applications such as natural language processing, document clustering, and image segmentation. It derives its partitioning result from a pairwise graph by optimizing a global objective function such that it simultaneously maximizes both intra-cluster similarity and inter-cluster dissimilarity. In the HO-CC, the pairwise graph which is used in the CC is generalized to a hypergraph which can alleviate local boundary ambiguities that can occur in the CC. Fast inference is possible by linear programming relaxation, and effective parameter learning by structured support vector machine is also possible by incorporating a decomposable structured loss function. Experimental results on various data sets show that the proposed HO-CC outperforms other state-of-the-art image segmentation algorithms. The HO-CC framework is therefore an efficient and flexible image segmentation framework.
A far-infrared view of the Lockman Hole from ISO 95-μm observations – I. A new data reduction method

We report results from a new analysis of a deep 95-μm imaging survey with the photopolarimeter ISOPHOT on-board the Infrared Space Observatory, over a 40 x 40 arcmin 2 area within the Lockman Hole. To this end we exploita newly developed parametric algorithm able to identify and clean spurious signals induced by cosmic rays impacts and by transient effects and non-linearities in the detectors. These results provide us with the currently deepest -to our knowledge - far-infrared (far-IR) image of the extragalactic sky. Within the survey area, we detect 36 sources with signal-to-noise ratio S/N > 3 (corresponding to a flux of 16 mJy), making up a complete flux-limited sample for S 9 5 μ m ≥ 100 mJy. Reliable sources are detected, with decreasing but well-controlled completeness, down to S 9 5 μ m ≃ 20 mJy. The source extraction process and the completeness, the photometric and astrometric accuracies of this catalogue have been tested by us with extensive simulations accounting for all the details of the procedure. We estimate source counts down to a flux of ∼30 mJy, at which limit we evaluate that 10-20 per cent of the cosmic IR background (CIRB) has been resolved into sources (contributing to the CIRB intensity ≃2.0 × 10 - 9 W m - 2 sr - 1 ). The 95-μm galaxy counts reveal a steep slope at S 9 5 μ m < 100 mJy (α ≃ 1.6), in excess of that expected for a non-evolving source population. The shape of these counts agrees with those determined by ISO at 15 and 175 μm, and starts setting strong constraints on the evolution models for the far-IR galaxy populations.