Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Accuracy of cardiac output measurements during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting: according to the vessel anastomosis sites

Background During beating heart surgery, the accuracy of cardiac output (CO) measurement techniques may be influenced by several factors. This study was conducted to analyze the clinical agreement among stat CO mode (SCO), continuous CO mode (CCO), arterial pressure waveform-based CO estimation (APCO), and transesophageal Doppler ultrasound technique (UCCO) according to the vessel anastomosis sites. Methods This study was prospectively performed in 25 patients who would be undergoing elective OPCAB. Hemodynamic variables were recorded at the following time points: during left anterior descending (LAD) anastomosis at 1 min and 5 min; during obtuse marginal (OM) anastomosis at 1 min and 5 min: and during right coronary artery (RCA) anastomosis at 1 min and 5 min. The variables measured including the SCO, CCO, APCO, and UCCO. Results CO measurement techniques showed different correlations according to vessel anastomosis site. However, the percent error observed was higher than the value of 30% postulated by the criteria of Critchley and Critchley during all study periods for all CO measurement techniques. Conclusions In the beating heart procedure, SCO, CCO and APCO showed different correlations according to the vessel anastomosis sites and did not agree with UCCO. CO values from the various measurement techniques should be interpreted with caution during OPCAB.
Exchange Rates and Jobs: What Do We Learn from Job Flows?

Currency fluctuations provide a substantial source of movements in relative prices that is largely exogenous to the firm. This paper evaluates empirically and theoretically the importance of exchange-rate movements on job reallocation across and within sectors. The objective is (1) to provide accurate estimates of the impact of exchange-rate fluctuations and (2) to further our understanding of how reallocative shocks propagate through the economy. The empirical results indicate that exchange rates have a significant effect on gross and net job flows in the traded goods sector. Moreover, the paper finds that job creation and destruction comove positively, following a real-exchange-rate shock. Appreciations are associated with additional turbulence, and depreciations with a "chill. " The paper then argues that existing nonrepresentative agent reallocation models have a hard time replicating the salient features of the data. The results indicate a strong tension between the positive comovements of gross flows in response to reallocative disturbances and the negative comovement in response to aggregate shocks.
ASSESSING THE LAND USE AND LAND COVER CHANGES DUE TO URBAN GROWTH IN ACCRA, GHANA

Information on urban growth, land use and land cover change study is very important to local government and urban planners for the betterment of future planning for sustainable development of cities and urban centres. Land use and land cover (LULC) change has become one of the main focus for assessing environmental changes and its impact on natural resources. Conversion of most of Land use/Land cover (woodland, grassland, savannah and forest) into cropland and pasture has been on ascendency during the last decade. Urbanization has brought serious losses of agricultural land, vegetation land and water bodies. This study assessed the Changes in land use/land cover in Accra, the capital city of Ghana over 25-year period using Landsat Thematic Mapper and Enhanced Thematic Mapper from 1985 and 2010 respectively. Accuracy assessment of the post classification comparison was done using 1985 and 2010 aerial photographs of the study area as the ground truth data. From-to change analysis was used to quantify the change in the land use/land cover. The results show that the forests, agricultural lands and water bodies decreased by 38%, 48% and 3% respectively in the 25 years period. The rate of infrastructure development (urban) was very high and Built-Up went up by 59% within the same period. The presence of clouds and shadows in the 1985 image limit the total quantification of the various land cover.
The power of parameterization in coinductive proof

Coinduction is one of the most basic concepts in computer science. It is therefore surprising that the commonly-known lattice-theoretic accounts of the principles underlying coinductive proofs are lacking in two key respects: they do not support compositional reasoning (i.e. breaking proofs into separate pieces that can be developed in isolation), and they do not support incremental reasoning (i.e. developing proofs interactively by starting from the goal and generalizing the coinduction hypothesis repeatedly as necessary). In this paper, we show how to support coinductive proofs that are both compositional and incremental, using a dead simple construction we call the parameterized greatest fixed point. The basic idea is to parameterize the greatest fixed point of interest over the accumulated knowledge of "the proof so far". While this idea has been proposed before, by Winskel in 1989 and by Moss in 2001, neither of the previous accounts suggests its general applicability to improving the state of the art in interactive coinductive proof. In addition to presenting the lattice-theoretic foundations of parameterized coinduction, demonstrating its utility on representative examples, and studying its composition with "up-to" techniques, we also explore its mechanization in proof assistants like Coq and Isabelle. Unlike traditional approaches to mechanizing coinduction (e.g. Coq's cofix), which employ syntactic "guardedness checking", parameterized coinduction offers a semantic account of guardedness. This leads to faster and more robust proof development, as we demonstrate using our new Coq library, Paco.
Causes and Effects of Change Orders on Construction Projects in Kuwait

This research investigates the change orders in public and private construction projects in Kuwait. The study in this research presents the results of a questionnaire surveying the owners, contractors and consultants on a sample comprising 385 engineers representing the construction industry. The responses to the questionnaire help in identifying the general characteristics of the construction industry in Kuwait as well as ranking the most common causes of changes, their effects on the projects and the control measures to address the changes. The results of the questionnaire indicate that the owner is the most responsible party causing changes. The study identifies that the first cause is change of plans by owner, otherwise increase in cost of the project is the first effect. All changes to design documents are checked and reviewed is the first control. Keywords-: Causes of change order, change orders, control of change order, and effects of change order.
Expression Profiling of RNA Transcripts during Neuronal Maturation and Ischemic Injury

Neuronal development is a pro-survival process that involves neurite growth, synaptogenesis, synaptic and neuronal pruning. During development, these processes can be controlled by temporal gene expression that is orchestrated by both long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs. To examine the interplay between these different components of the transcriptome during neuronal differentiation, we carried out mRNA, long non-coding RNA and microRNA expression profiling on maturing primary neurons. Subsequent gene ontology analysis revealed regulation of axonogenesis and dendritogenesis processes by these differentially expressed mRNAs and non-coding RNAs. Temporally regulated mRNAs and their associated long non-coding RNAs were significantly over-represented in proliferation and differentiation associated signalling, cell adhesion and neurotrophin signalling pathways. Verification of expression of the Axin2, Prkcb, Cntn1, Ncam1, Negr1, Nrxn1 and Sh2b3 mRNAs and their respective long non-coding RNAs in an in vitro model of ischemic-reperfusion injury showed an inverse expression profile to the maturation process, thus suggesting their role(s) in maintaining neuronal structure and function. Furthermore, we propose that expression of the cell adhesion molecules, Ncam1 and Negr1 might be tightly regulated by both long non-coding RNAs and microRNAs.
Is silence golden? An empirical analysis of firms that stop giving quarterly earnings guidance

We investigate firms that stop providing earnings guidance (“stoppers”) either by publicly announcing their decision (“announcers”) or doing so quietly (“quiet stoppers”). Relative to firms that continue guiding, stoppers have poorer prior performance, more uncertain operating environments, and fewer informed investors. Announcers commit to non-disclosure because they (i) do not expect to report future good news or (ii) have lower incentives to guide due to the presence of long-term investors. The three-day return around the announcement is negative. Stoppers subsequently experience increases in analyst forecast dispersion and decreases in forecast accuracy but no change in return volatility or analyst following.
Prognostic Value of ATRX and p53 Status in High-Grade Glioma Patients in Morocco

Introduction: Glioblastoma and astrocytoma, grade 4, are the most common and aggressive brain tumors. Several biomarkers, such as the isocitrate dehydrogenase mutation (IDH-1), alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation, and the X-linked mutation (ATRX), enable more accurate glioma classification and facilitate patient management. This study aimed to determine the prognostic value of clinical and molecular factors (IDH, TP53, and ATRX mutations). We also studied the relationship between these molecular markers and the overall survival (OS) of 126 patients with grade 4 glioblastoma/astrocytoma. Methods: The immunohistochemical study was conducted using antibodies namely, IDH1, R132H, p53, and ATRX. Statistical tests were used to investigate factors that might influence overall survival using IBM SPSS Statistics, version 25.0 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY). Results: The median age at diagnosis was 51.5 years. Patients with a Karnofsky performance score (KPS) <70 presented less favorable survival outcomes compared to those with a KPS ≥70. The median OS for patients was found to be 11.17 months. Expression of IDH1 R132H was found in 13.5% of patients, p53 overexpression was identified in 55.6% of cases, and loss of ATRX expression was detected in 11.9%. The group of patients with IDH mutant/ATRX mutant/p53 wild-type had the best prognosis (OS = 27.393 months; p = 0.015). Our results were in line with previous studies. Conclusion: The clinical value of IDH and ATRX mutations in prognostic assessment was confirmed (p ≤0.05). The overexpression of p53 had no significant impact on OS (p = 0.726). Therefore, p53 alone cannot predict survival in glioblastoma patients. Based on the results, these biomarkers may be a potential therapeutic target to prolong patient survival, hence the need for further investigations.
Lipid rafts of mouse liver contain nonextended and extended acetylcholinesterase variants along with M3 muscarinic receptors

The observation of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) type H (AChEH), which is the predominant AChE variant in visceral organs and immune cells, in lipid rafts of muscle supports functional reasons for the raft targeting of glypiated AChEH. The search for these reasons revealed that liver AChE activity is mostly confined to rafts and that the liver is able to make N‐extended AChE variants and target them to rafts. These results prompted us to test whether AChE and muscarinic receptors existed in the same raft. Isolation of flotillin2‐rich raft fractions by their buoyancy in sucrose gradients, followed by immunoadsorption and matrix‐assisted laser desorption ionization‐time of flight‐mass spectrometry application, gave the following results: 1) most hepatic AChE activity emanates from AChE‐H mRNA, and its product, glypiated AChEH, accumulates in rafts; 2) N‐extended N‐AChE readthrough variant, nonglypiated N‐AChEH, and N‐AChE tailed variant were all identified in liver rafts; and 3) M3 AChRs were observed in rafts, and coprecipitation of raft‐confined N‐AChE and M3 receptors by using anti‐M3 antibodies showed that enzyme and receptor reside in the same raft unit. A raft domain that harbors tightly packed muscarinic receptor and AChE may represent a molecular device that, by means of which, the intensity and duration of cholinergic inputs are regulated. —Montenegro, M. F. , Cabezas‐Herrera, J., Campoy, F. J., Muñoz‐Delgado, E. , Vidal, C. J. Lipid rafts of mouse liver contain non‐extended and extended acetylcholinesterase variants along with M3 muscarinic receptors. FASEB J. 31, 544–555(2017). www.fasebj. org
Bidirectional variability in motor cortex excitability modulation following 1 mA transcranial direct current stimulation in healthy participants

Due to the high interindividual response variability following transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), it is apparent that further research of the long‐lasting effects of the stimulation technique is required. We aimed to investigate interindividual variability following anodal tDCS and cathodal tDCS in a large‐scale prospective cross‐over study. Motor cortex physiology measurements were obtained using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in 59 healthy participants comparing motor‐evoked potential (MEP) magnitudes following two tDCS paradigms: 1 mA anodal tDCS for 13 min and 1 mA cathodal tDCS for 9 min. Analysis compared MEP changes over time for both polarities. Additionally, we applied hierarchical cluster analysis to assess the dynamics of poststimulation changes. Overall, anodal tDCS resulted in a significant increase in corticospinal excitability lasting for 40 min poststimulation, whereas cathodal tDCS did not alter corticospinal excitability. Cluster analysis revealed for cathodal tDCS both a cluster showing significant stable MEP reduction and a second cluster displaying MEP increase over time. Two diametrical clusters were also found for anodal tDCS. Regardless of polarity, individuals with MEP increase following stimulation showed steeper cortical recruitment curves compared to the clusters with decreased MEP magnitudes. The observed findings confirm a bidirectional modulation of corticospinal excitability following 1 mA tDCS in separate subgroups and the relationship to cortical recruitment.
Reusing historical interaction data for faster online learning to rank for IR

Online learning to rank for information retrieval (IR) holds promise for allowing the development of "self-learning" search engines that can automatically adjust to their users. With the large amount of e.g., click data that can be collected in web search settings, such techniques could enable highly scalable ranking optimization. However, feedback obtained from user interactions is noisy, and developing approaches that can learn from this feedback quickly and reliably is a major challenge. In this paper we investigate whether and how previously collected (historical) interaction data can be used to speed up learning in online learning to rank for IR. We devise the first two methods that can utilize historical data (1) to make feedback available during learning more reliable and (2) to preselect candidate ranking functions to be evaluated in interactions with users of the retrieval system. We evaluate both approaches on 9 learning to rank data sets and find that historical data can speed up learning, leading to substantially and significantly higher online performance. In particular, our pre-selection method proves highly effective at compensating for noise in user feedback. Our results show that historical data can be used to make online learning to rank for IR much more effective than previously possible, especially when feedback is noisy.
Eggs weight of Japanese quail vs. eggs quality after storage time and hatchability results

The aim of the performed investigations was to compare eggs of Japanese quail layers of different weights with regard to their shape, selected traits of the content following various times of their storage as well as the results of hatchability and body weight of one-day old chicks. Hatching eggs were divided into four groups: group S – up to 10.50 g, group M – from 10.51 to 11.50 g, group L – from 11.51 to 12.50 g and group xL – from 12.51 g. In experiment I, on days: 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10 of storage, the following traits were assessed in 20 eggs from each group: egg weight (g) and yolk and albumen index as well as the number of Haugh units. In experiment II, five hatches were carried out. The total of 480 eggs were incubated in each hatch (120 eggs for each group). On the 15th day of incubation, the eggs were weighed. After hatching, 30 chicks from each group were weighed. Basic hatchability indices were also determined. Eggs with the smallest weight, stored for 1 day, with the smallest yolks were characterized by their highest content contrary to the eggs with the highest weight (the biggest yolks but with their smallest percentage content). In eggs with the higher weight (groups L and xL), a certain increase in weight and proportion (%) of yolk was observed after 3, 5, 7 and 10 days. The highest albumen percentage content was determined in eggs from groups L and xL, whereas in the remaining groups the albumen content was the smallest. With the lengthening of the egg storage, the albumen weight did not undergo significant changes. After one-day storage, the yolk and albumen index as well as Haugh units were slightly higher for eggs of smaller weight than for bigger ones. Eggs from groups S and M were more spherical. Eggs from groups L and xL had smaller weight losses during hatching. Eggs from group L were characterized by the best fertilization, hatchability results and proportion of dead embryos and unhatched chicks. The heaviest chicks were obtained from eggs of the highest weight, while the lightest – from eggs of the smallest weight. The obtained results appear to indicate that Japanese quail eggs of 10.51-12.50 g are the best for hatching.
Luminous Red Stars in Local Group Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies: An Intermediate-Age Population?

In this Letter, we show that the optically bright stars above the tip of the first red giant branch (TRGB) in the color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) of nearby dwarf elliptical (dE) galaxies, commonly interpreted as indication of the existence of an intermediate-age population, may be, in certain circumstances, an artifact of observational effects on a pure old population system. For this purpose, model CMDs have been computed, simulating the observational effects that can be found in different regions of a Local Group dE galaxy. The starting synthetic CMD represents a pure old system, with star formation extending only from 15 to 12 Gyr ago. Based on those model diagrams, we analyze the conclusions that a hypothetical ground-based observer might reach concerning the presence of a population of stars above the TRGB, which could be interpreted as an intermediate-age population, by using two age indicators extensively employed in the literature: (1) the bolometric magnitude at the tip of the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) phase and (2) the ratio of AGB to red giant branch (RGB) stars present in the CMD. Our analysis shows that, if observational effects are overlooked, then application of both methods would result in finding a fictitious intermediate-age population in the inner regions of the galaxy, where crowding is more severe.
Using the Web to Interactively Learn to Find Objects

In order for robots to intelligently perform tasks with humans, they must be able to access a broad set of background knowledge about the environments in which they operate. Unlike other approaches, which tend to manually define the knowledge of the robot, our approach enables robots to actively query the World Wide Web (WWW) to learn background knowledge about the physical environment. We show that our approach is able to search the Web to infer the probability that an object, such as a "coffee,'' can be found in a location, such as a "kitchen. '' Our approach, called ObjectEval, is able to dynamically instantiate a utility function using this probability, enabling robots to find arbitrary objects in indoor environments. Our experimental results show that the interactive version of ObjectEval visits 28% fewer locations than the version trained offline and 71% fewer locations than a baseline approach which uses no background knowledge.
The Effect of ESG Disclosure, Manager Qualification and Workplace Safety on Firm Value with Firm Size and Financial Leverage as Control Variables In Manufacturing Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange year 2020-2022

The purpose of this study, which was designed with firm size and financial leverage acting as control variables, was to ascertain the impact of management qualification, workplace safety, and ESG disclosure on firm value as estimated by Tobin's Q. Manufacturers (mining, metal, and cement) that are listed on the IDX in 2020–2022 make up the study's community. This study employed multiple linear regression-ordinary least squares along with hypothesis testing, where the regression coefficient is tested using the t test. The findings show that Manager Qualification (MQ) has a significant positive impact on Firm Value (FV), Financial Leverage (FL) has a substantial negative impact on Firm Value (FV). While ESG disclosure, Workplace Safety (WS) and Firm Size (FS) have no substantial influence on Firm Value (FV). The variable that has the highest significant level (0.008 < 0.005) but the coefficient is negative is Financial Leverage (FL) due to the calculated t value of -2.71, followed by the Manager Qualification (MQ) variable with a significant level (0.023 < 0.05) with a positive coefficient. And followed by the Firm Size (FS) variable, the Workplace Safety (WS) variable, and ESG disclosure does not have a substantial impact because the coefficient value obtained is 0.116; 0.196; and 0.451, respectively, where the coefficient value is higher than 0.05. The outcomes demonstrated that Firm Value (FV) increases along with the increase in Manager Qualification (MQ) and Financial Leverage (FL) has a substantial negative impact on Firm Value (FV). While Firm Size (FS), Workplace Safety (WS), and ESG disclosure variables have no significant effect.
Validation et application de biomarqueurs lipidiques pour la reconstruction des changements environnementaux en Afrique de l’Est

La Province Volcanique du Rungwe (PVR) en Afrique de l’Est abrite diverses archives continentales (sequence de loess-paleosols, tourbieres, lacs) permettant d’etudier les changements environnementaux passes des zones tropicales continentales. Ce travail s’est interesse a l’applicabilite des alkyl tetraethers de glycerol (tetraethers) et des n-alcanes comme biomarqueurs de ces changements passes. Leur analyse le long de transects altitudinaux a permis de rendre compte de la capacite des tetraethers a enregistrer de faibles changements de temperature de l’air dans la region. En consequence, une calibration regionale a ete etablie afin d’ameliorer les reconstructions de temperature de l’air en Afrique de l’Est. Au contraire, il est apparu que la composition isotopique de l’hydrogene des n-alcanes (δ²Hwax) etait impactee par des parametres physiques et biologiques supplementaires ce qui complique son utilisation pour suivre les changements de temperature a l’echelle regionale. L’etude des variations de ces deux biomarqueurs le long d’une carotte de tourbe et d’une carotte de sediment lacustre prelevees dans la PVR a revele l’existence synchrone d’une periode climatique plus chaude au cours de l’Holocene tardif. Par ailleurs, il a ete observe dans la carotte de tourbe une transition d’un lac a une tourbiere il y a ca. 2000 ans BP. Le present travail demontre donc que les tetraethers et les n-alcanes sont des biomarqueurs prometteurs, notamment parce qu’ils sont sensibles a de faibles variation climatiques ; cependant, afin de les interpreter correctement, il est necessaire d’adopter une approche multi-marqueurs.