Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reconciling predictions of decision making under risk

Reports on a study that examines a model of risk behaviour in which the effects of risk propensity and problem framing are jointly evaluated. Managers from 58 oil industry organizations were presented with hypothetical business decisions involving significant gains and losses, and asked to choose between action alternatives resulting in certain outcomes or probabilistic outcomes. Also evaluates the notion that tendencies towards risk taking are complex, reflecting personality traits, habits and experience. There was support for a historical basis for risk propensity, but risk preferences were not found to be influential. Further, although both risk propensity and problem framing were found to be significant predictors of risk behaviour, there was no support for prospect theory predictions. For researchers, suggests the need to incorporate individual differences into models of risk behaviour. For organizations, suggests the need for management attention to members’ risk experiences.
The ability of frailty to predict outcomes in older people attending an acute medical unit.

BACKGROUND This study assessed the role of frailty assessment in the AMU. METHODS Patients were assessed for frailty and their outcomes ascertained at 90 days. RESULTS The Canadian Study on Health and Aging Clinical Frailty Scale categorised 29% of patients as moderately-severely frail. Frailty did not differentially identify those likely to be discharged within one day, nor with long stays. Mortality at 90 days was 32%; frailty was associated with the risk of dying, odds ratio 1.4. 21% of patients were readmitted at 30 days, and 33% at 90 days, but frailty was not predictive. DISCUSSION Moderate-severe frailty in people aged 70+ was common and was predictive of higher mortality, but did not appear to predict admission, length of stay or readmission.
An Investigation on the Application Developer Attitude Towards Greek Open Government Data

Public sector information (PSI) reuse and especially open data is a sector which the European Union is putting a lot of emphasis on, as it is seen as an opportunity to boost economic growth. The first results of the European Union's Open Public Data policies are already visible in Greece, however much more need still to be done. In this paper we briefly review the content of the Greek Open Government Data Portal and we present a preliminary survey that investigates the attitude of web and mobile applications developers towards open public data.
Enhancing the Effects of Power Sharing on Psychological Empowerment: The Roles of Management Control and Power Distance Orientation

In this article we test a model of bounded empowerment: the boundary conditions under which power sharing affects employees' psychological empowerment. Using data from two telecommunication companies, we investigate how management control and power distance orientation moderate the effects of supervisors' power sharing on employees' psychological empowerment. Results show that power sharing improves job performance partly through psychological empowerment. Furthermore, management control enhances rather than impedes the positive effect of power sharing on psychological empowerment. Power distance orientation further enhances management control's positive moderating effect on employee psychological empowerment. Limitations and implications for future research are also discussed.
Morphemic Analysis Awareness: A Boon or Bane on ESL Students’ Vocabulary Learning Strategy

This study investigated the impact of inflectional and derivational morphemic analysis awareness on ESL secondary school students’ vocabulary learning strategy. The quasi-experimental study was conducted with 106 low proficiency secondary school students in two experimental groups (inflectional and derivational) and one control group. The students’ vocabulary acquisition was assessed through two measures: Morphemic Analysis Test and VocabularyMorphemic Test in the pretest and posttest before and after an intervention programme. Results of ANCOVA revealed that both the experimental groups achieved a significant score in Morphemic Analysis Test and Vocabulary-Morphemic Test. However, the inflectional group obtained a fairly higher score than the derivational group. Thus, the results indicated that ESL low proficiency secondary school students performed better on inflectional morphemic awareness as compared to derivatives. The results also showed that the awareness of inflectional morphology contributed more on the vocabulary acquisition. Importantly, learning inflectional morphology can help ESL low proficiency secondary school students to develop both morphemic awareness and vocabulary gain. Theoretically, these findings show that not all morphemes are equally useful to students for their language development. Practically, these findings indicate that morphological instruction should at least be included in remediation and instructional efforts with struggling learners across all grade levels, allowing them to focus on meaning within the word before they attempt the text in large for better comprehension. Also, by methodologically, by conducting individualized intervention and assessment this study provided fresh empirical evidence to support the existing literature on morphemic analysis awareness and vocabulary learning strategy. Thus, a major pedagogical implication of the study is that morphemic analysis awareness strategy is a definite boon for ESL secondary school students in learning English vocabulary. Keywords—ESL, instruction, morphemic analysis, vocabulary.
Supporting Experimental Computer Science

The ability to conduct consistent, controlled, and repeatable large-scale experiments in all areas of computer science related to parallel, large-scale, or distributed computing and networking is critical to the future and development of computer science. Yet conducting such experiments is still too often a challenge for researchers, students, and practitioners because of the unavailability of dedicated resources, inability to create controlled experimental conditions, and variability in software. Availability, repeatability, and open sharing of electronic products are all still difficult to achieve. To discuss those challenges and share experiences in their solution, the Workshop on Experimental Support for Computer Science brought together scientists involved in building and operating infrastructures dedicated to sup- porting computer science experiments to discuss challenges and solutions in this space. The workshop was held in November 2011 and was collocated with the SC11 conference in Seattle, Washington. Our objec- tives were to share experiences and knowledge related to supporting large-scale experiments conducted on experimental infrastructures, understand user requirements, and discuss methodologies and opportunities created by emerging technologies. This report ties together the workshop presentations and discussion and the consensus that emerged on the state of the field and directions for moving forward.
Exposure to high frequency electromagnetic fields in urban environments

Recently, the evaluation and estimation of the effective amount of electromagnetic field distribution in areas connected with human activities has grown in importance, in order to satisfy public and governmental requests of information [1] [10]. Following a study performed by the Regional Agency for Environment Protection of Piedmont, in this paper a statistical comparison between different expositions in different kinds of inhabited areas is reported.
Turkish students' perceptions of their biology learning environments: the effects of gender and grade level

This study investigates the effects of gender and grade level on Turkish secondary school students’ perceptions of their biology learning environment. A total of 1474 high school students completed the What is Happening in This Classroom (WIHIC) questionnaire. The WIHIC maps several important classroom learning environment dimensions of the biology classroom environment such as the degree of investigation, cooperation, the extent of teacher support, student cohesiveness, student involvement, task orientation, and gender equity. Two-way multivariate analyses of variance (MANOVA) indicated statistically significant gender (Wilks’ Lambda=.923, F=12.505, p= .000) and grade level (Wilks’ Lambda=958, F=3.243, p= .000) differences with respect to the collective dimensions of the WIHIC. Analysis also revealed interaction between gender and grade level with respect to the collective WIHIC dimensions (Wilks’ Lambda=.974, F=2.010, p= .014).
Toward an Understanding of the Development of Ownership Feelings

Summary Psychological ownership is increasingly recognized as a core feeling in the experience of work. Within jobs and the work context, there is a wide range of opportunities to experience psychological ownership. Yet empirical work on how feelings of ownership develop is lacking, and thus ways to develop psychological ownership in the workplace are not well understood. We explore the routes traveled to feelings of ownership by using job complexity as one example of work environment structure that affects the formation of psychological ownership. In two studies, we develop measures of the routes and confirm that perceived differences in one's work meaningfully predict psychological ownership. Collectively, the two studies provide insight into and offer suggestions for how ownership develops and ways in which managers might foster employee feelings of ownership toward their work. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Effects of Written Feedback and Revision on Learners’ Accuracy in Using Two English Grammatical Structures

The study compared the effects of two types of form-focused written feedback—direct corrective feedback (DCF) and metalinguistic explanation (ME) given to the whole class—on Japanese university students’ accuracy of use of two grammatical structures: indefinite article and the hypothetical conditional. Both types of feedback were given with and without an opportunity to rewrite. Accuracy of use was measured in new pieces of writing. The feedback led to increased accuracy for the hypothetical conditional but not for the indefinite article. The effectiveness of the DCF proved longer lasting than the ME. Also, providing opportunity for revision enhanced the effect of the feedback. Overall, DCF followed by revision proved the most effective type of feedback. The results suggest that when form-focused written feedback is directed at two features that vary in saliency and complexity, learners are likely to focus on the structure that contributes more to the global meaning of the text. The results also indicate that directly correcting the errors learners make with respect to a complex syntactical structure is more beneficial than giving them a metalinguistic explanation.
A Short History of Sociological Thought

Part 1 Foundations: origins of sociology human nature and social order Vico - science and history Montesquieu the Scottish enlightenment problems of method the emergence of class the dialectics of social change industrialisation and the rise of sociological positivism: empiricism and positivism the French Revolution and sociology the concept of industrial society - Saint-Simon Comte and positive science positivism and determinism sociology, political economy and the division of labour evolutionism and sociological positivism - Mill and Spencer Marxism - a positive science of capitalist development the development of Marxism alienation of labour the concept of ideology Marx's method - materialism and dialectics calss formation and class consciousness laws of development - the problem of historical determinism. Part 2 Classical sociology: critique of positivism - 1 Durkheim Durkheim and the development of sociology positivism and morality division of labour, social cohesion and conflict anomie suicide and social solidarity functionalism, holism and political theory critique of positivism - 11 social action inderstanding and the social sciences - Dilthey formal sociology - Simmel and sociation understanding and the problem of method - Weber ideal types and social action religion and social action - capitalism and the Priotestant ethic capitalism and culture - Sombart and Simmel social action and social system - Pareto the socioloy of class and domination Marx's theory of domination the state and class domination the theory of class - Weber capitalism, bureaucracy and democracy - Weber's theory of domination Marxism and sociology Marxism after Marx Marxism as revolutionary consciousness - Lukacs and the concept of totality culture and domination - Gramsci and the concept of hegemony Marxism and the sociology of intellectuals - Gramsci Lukacs and Gramsci on sociology Marxism and sociology - the Austro-Marxists conclusion. Part 3 Modern sociology: functionalism sociological functionalism - general features the concept of system functionalism and the dialectic of social life - Merton functionalism, social conflict and social change functionalism and stratification self, society and the sociology of everyday life action theory and the concept of slef - the early and later Parsons psycho-analysis and self - Freud the social self - Mead and symbolic interactionism sociological phenomenology - Schutz and the reality of everyday life structuralism the development of structuralism - Saussure post-Saussurian structuralism - language and culture Marxism and structuralism. (part contents)
First records of the uristid lysianassoids from Korean waters: redescription of Anonyx abei Takekawa & Ishimaru, 2001 and description of Anonyx exilipes sp. n. (Crustacea, Amphipoda, Uristidae)

Abstract The uristid lysianassoids are reported for the first time from Korean waters with a redescription of Anonyx abei Takekawa & Ishimaru, 2001 and the description of Anonyx exilipes sp. n. Anonyx abei is characterized by a distinctively small projection of the posterodistal corner on epimeron 3, different from all species of the Anonyx nugax group which share a constriction at the point of insertion of a distal seta on the inner ramus of uropod 2. Anonyx exilipes sp. n. is included in the Anonyx laticoxae group characterized by the unconstricted inner ramus of uropod 2. This new species is distinguished from other A. laticoxae group species by the longer and more slender carpus and propodus of pereopod 6, and the non-lobate merus of pereopod 7.
A Pumping Lemma and Decidability Problems for Recognizable Tree Series

In the present paper we show that given a tree series S, which is accepted by (a) a deterministic bottom-up finite state weighted tree automaton (for short: bu-w-fta) or (b) a non-deterministic bu-w-fta over a locally finite semiring, there exists for every input tree t ∈ supp(S) a decomposition t = C'[C[s]] into contexts C, C' and an input tree s as well as there exist semiring elements a, a', b, b', c such that the equation (S, C'[Cn[s]]) = a' ⊙ an ⊙ c ⊙ bn ⊙ b' holds for every non-negative integer n. In order to prove this pumping lemma we extend the power-set construction of classical theories and show that for every non-deterministic bu-w-fta over a locally finite semiring there exists an equivalent deterministic one. By applying the pumping lemma we prove the decidability of a tree series S being constant on its support, S being constant, S being boolean, the support of S being the empty set, and the support of S being a finite set provided that S is accepted by (a) a deterministic bu-w-fta over a commutative semiring or (b) a non-deterministic bu-w-fta over a locally finite commutative semiring.
The amalgamation spectrum

Abstract We study when classes can have the disjoint amalgamation property for a proper initial segment of cardinals. For every natural number k, there is a class Kk, defined by a sentence in Lω1,ω that has no models of cardinality greater than ℶk + 1, but Kk has the disjoint amalgamation property on models of cardinality less than or equal to ℵk − 3 and has models of cardinality ℵk − 1. More strongly, we can have disjoint amalgamation up to ℵ∝ for ∝ < ω1, but have a bound on size of models. For every countable ordinal ∝, there is a class K∝ defined by a sentence in Lω1,ω that has no models of cardinality greater than ℶω1, but K does have the disjoint amalgamation property on models of cardinality less than or equal to ℵ∝. Finally we show that we can extend the ℵ∝ to ℶ∝ in the second theorem consistently with ZFC and while having ℵi ≪ ℶi for 0 < i < ∝. Similar results hold for arbitrary ordinals ∝ with ∣∝∣ = k and Lk + ω.
Examining the Effectiveness of Climate Change Frames in the Face of a Climate Change Denial Counter-Frame

Prior research on the influence of various ways of framing anthropogenic climate change (ACC) do not account for the organized ACC denial in the U.S. media and popular culture, and thus may overestimate these frames' influence in the general public. We conducted an experiment to examine how Americans' ACC views are influenced by four promising frames for urging action on ACC (economic opportunity, national security, Christian stewardship, and public health)-when these frames appear with an ACC denial counter-frame. This is the first direct test of how exposure to an ACC denial message influences Americans' ACC views. Overall, these four positive frames have little to no effect on ACC beliefs. But exposure to an ACC denial counter-frame does significantly reduce respondents' belief in the reality of ACC, belief about the veracity of climate science, awareness of the consequences of ACC, and support for aggressively attempting to reduce our nation's GHG emissions in the near future. Furthermore, as expected by the Anti-Reflexivity Thesis, exposure to the ACC denial counter-frame has a disproportionate influence on the ACC views of conservatives (than on those of moderates and liberals), effectively activating conservatives' underlying propensity for anti-reflexivity.
Evidence of Apis cerana Sacbrood virus Infection in Apis mellifera

ABSTRACT Sacbrood virus (SBV) is one of the most destructive viruses in the Asian honeybee Apis cerana but is much less destructive in Apis mellifera. In previous studies, SBV isolates infecting A. cerana (AcSBV) and SBV isolates infecting A. mellifera (AmSBV) were identified as different serotypes, suggesting a species barrier in SBV infection. In order to investigate this species isolation, we examined the presence of SBV infection in 318 A. mellifera colonies and 64 A. cerana colonies, and we identified the genotypes of SBV isolates. We also performed artificial infection experiments under both laboratory and field conditions. The results showed that 38 A. mellifera colonies and 37 A. cerana colonies were positive for SBV infection. Phylogenetic analysis based on RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) gene sequences indicated that A. cerana isolates and most A. mellifera isolates formed two distinct clades but two strains isolated from A. mellifera were clustered with the A. cerana isolates. In the artificial-infection experiments, AcSBV negative-strand RNA could be detected in both adult bees and larvae of A. mellifera, although there were no obvious signs of the disease, demonstrating the replication of AcSBV in A. mellifera. Our results suggest that AcSBV is able to infect A. mellifera colonies with low prevalence (0.63% in this study) and pathogenicity. This work will help explain the different susceptibilities of A. cerana and A. mellifera to sacbrood disease and is potentially useful for guiding beekeeping practices.
From Hydra Regeneration to Human Brain Structural Plasticity: A Long Trip through Narrowing Roads

Regeneration is a strategy to maintain form and function throughout life. Studies carried out on animal models throughout the phylogenetic tree have flourished in the last decades in search of mechanisms underlying the regenerative processes. The development of such studies is strictly linked with stem cell research and both are viewed as one of the most promising outcomes for regenerative medicine; yet, regeneration, stem cells, and tissue repair do not seem to follow a logical path through the different animal species and tissues. As a result, some mammalian organs, e.g., kidney and brain, have lost most of their regenerative capacity. The human nervous system, although harboring neural stem cells, is placed at the extreme of “perennial” tissues. In addition, it is affected by neurodegenerative diseases, whose heavy burden is heightened by enhanced life spans. This review, starting from the basic principles of tissue regeneration viewed in a comparative context, tries to answer this question: To which extent can regenerative medicine be figured out in a mammalian brain equipped with many anatomical/evolutionary constraints?
Who's Who in Kindergarten Literacy Skill Groups: What Really Matters?

Who’s Who in Kindergarten Literacy Skill Groups: What Really Matters? E. Imani Mitchell American kindergartners enter schools with varying levels of emergent literacy skills. The present study examined the nature of variation of these skills through the lens of distinct literacy skill groups. Using the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study – Kindergarten (ECLS-K) data set, the literacy skill sets of over 10,000 children were examined at kindergarten and third grade. Latent class cluster analysis was used to demonstrate the presence of these groups through the analysis of proficiency probabilities of mastery of the following skills: 1) letter recognition; 2) beginning sound recognition; 3) ending sound recognition; 4) sight word recognition; 5) reading words in context; 6) literal inference; 7) extrapolation; and 8) evaluation. Three groups emerged for kindergarten based on skills 1-5, and three groups for third grade based on skills 4-8. Latent class multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the influence of contextual factors on determining group membership at both time points. Findings indicate that phonological awareness skills have the largest influence on determining literacy skill sets at kindergarten, most children enter kindergarten without mastery of the skills to be ready to learn to read, ethnicity does not have a significant effect once a comprehensive set of contextual factors (i.e., child, family, maternal, school, and family environment characteristics) are considered, and the family literacy environment has one of the strongest effects above and beyond the rest. By third grade, comprehension skills have the largest influence on determining skill sets. As for contextual factors, the patterns of influence appear to be lasting with consistency in group membership over time. Taken together these results have the potential implications supporting parents throughout the nation.