Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Down-Regulation of miR-129-5p Inhibits Growth and Induces Apoptosis in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma by Targeting APC

miRNAs regulate gene expression and are key mediators of tumourigenesis. miR-129 has diverse effects in tumours, but its role in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) remains unknown. This article focuses on the role of miR-129-5p in LSCC. We show miR-129-5p is upregulated in primary LSCC tumours and correlated with advanced disease. Down-regulating miR-129-5p suppressed cell proliferation and migration, and caused cell cycle arrest in Hep-2 cell lines. Downregulation of miR-129-5p alone is sufficient to induce apoptosis both in vivo and in vitro. Moreover, the growth of LSCC xenograft exposed to miR-129-5p antisense oligonucleotides (ASO) in BALB/c mice was markedly inhibited. In addition, we found that miR-129-5p targeted adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) to release inhibition of Wnt signalling causing cell growth and tumourigenesis. Our results suggest miR-129-5p functions as an oncogene in LSCC by repressing APC and is a potential therapeutic target for LSCC.
Exercise signalling to glucose transport in skeletal muscle

Contraction-induced glucose uptake in skeletal muscle is mediated by an insulin-independent mechanism that leads to translocation of the GLUT4 glucose transporter to the muscle surface membrane from an intracellular storage site. Although the signalling events that increase glucose transport in response to muscle contraction are not fully elucidated, the aim of the present review is to briefly present the current understanding of the molecular signalling mechanisms involved. Glucose uptake may be regulated by Ca2+-sensitive contraction-related mechanisms, possibly involving Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and some isoforms of protein kinase C. In addition, glucose transport may be regulated by mechanisms that reflect the metabolic status of the muscle, probably involving the 5′AMP-activated protein kinase. Furthermore, the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase may be involved in activating the GLUT4 translocated to the surface membrane. Nevertheless, the picture is incomplete, and fibre type differences also seem to be involved.
Risk Sharing in a Stochastic Overlapping Generations Economy

This paper examines the impact of government policy on the allocation of aggregate risks in a stochastic OG model with production. The market allocation of risk depends significantly on the young generationâ€™s willingness to substitute intertemporally and on government policy. Safe government debt shifts productivity risk from old to young while wage-indexed social security is essentially neutral. I also compare the market allocation to the efficient allocation of risk. The market allocation is generally inefficient, except for the special case of wage-proportional incomes and logarithmic utility. Safe government debt seems to shift risk in the wrong direction.
Precautionary Volatility and Asset Prices

Many theories of asset prices assume time-varying uncertainty in order to generate time-varying risk premia. This paper generates time-varying uncertainty endogenously, through precautionary saving dynamics. Precautionary motives prescribe that, in bad times, next period's consumption should be very sensitive to news. This time-varying sensitivity results in time-varying consumption volatility. Production makes this channel visible, and external habit preferences amplify it. An estimated model featuring this channel quantitatively accounts for excess return and dividend predictability regressions. It also matches the first two moments of excess equity returns, the risk-free rate, and the second moments of consumption, output, and investment.
Another Look at Price Levelling and Price Averaging in the Sydney Meat Market

Simultaneous equation techniques are used to re-examine the behaviour of monthly wholesale and retail price spreads for beef, lamb and pork in Sydney over the period 1971-1988, so as to understand the factors determining the relationships between the prices at the different market levels. Hypotheses tested relate to price levelling and price averaging, and to marketing cost and turnover effects. Using the preferred three-stage least squares estimates, price levelling is confirmed at both wholesale and retail for all meats, however contrary to earlier results there is no evidence of price averaging in any of the meats. Costs are only important determinants for beef at wholesale and lamb at retail, and only the beef and lamb wholesale spreads and the lamb retail spread are negatively influenced by turnover. A structural change test reveals significantly different behavioural responses in the 1980s compared to the 1970s, so the model is re-estimated for just the 1980s. The results generally agree with those from the longer sample, with the only change being at the retail level where costs become significant for beef as well as lamb. However the level of explanatory power for the 1980-1988 models is substantially reduced from that of the full sample models.
Visualization and analysis of software engineering data using self-organizing maps

There is no question that accuracy is an important requirement of classification and prediction models used in software engineering management. It is, however, just one of a number of attributes that contribute to a model being 'useful'. Understandably much research has been undertaken with the objective of maximizing model accuracy, but this has often occurred with little regard for these other model attributes, which might include cost-effectiveness, credibility and, for want of a better term, meaningfulness. The research described in this paper addresses both model accuracy and meaningfulness as conveyed by self-organizing maps (SOMs). SOMs are neural-network based representations of data distributions that provide two-dimensional depictions of multi-dimensional relationships. As such they can enable developers and project managers (and researchers) to visualize often complex interactions among and between software measurement data. We illustrate the effectiveness of SOMs by building on two previous empirical studies. Not only are the maps able to portray graphically the distributions of variables and their interrelationships, they also prove to be effective in terms of classification and prediction accuracy. As a result we believe that they could be a useful supplementary tool for researchers and managers concerned with understanding, modeling and controlling complex software projects.
Faith in Reading: Religious Publishing and the Birth of Mass Media in America

Faith in Reading tells the remarkable story of the unlikely origins of our modern media culture. In the early nineteenth century, a few visionary entrepreneurs decided the time was right to launch a true mass media in America. Though these entrepreneurs were savvy businessmen, their publishing enterprises were not commercial businesses but nonprofit religious organizations. These organizations believed it was possible - through new technology, national organization, and the grace of God - to place the same printed message into the hands of every man, woman, and child in America. Determined to combat ignorance, apathy, and infidelity with the written word, these organizations ended up giving birth to the American mass media.
Sexual Orientation Related Differences in Cortical Thickness in Male Individuals

Previous neuroimaging studies demonstrated sex and also sexual orientation related structural and functional differences in the human brain. Genetic information and effects of sex hormones are assumed to contribute to the male/female differentiation of the brain, and similar effects could play a role in processes influencing human's sexual orientation. However, questions about the origin and development of a person's sexual orientation remain unanswered, and research on sexual orientation related neurobiological characteristics is still very limited. To contribute to a better understanding of the neurobiology of sexual orientation, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in order to compare regional cortical thickness (Cth) and subcortical volumes of homosexual men (hoM), heterosexual men (heM) and heterosexual women (heW). hoM (and heW) had thinner cortices primarily in visual areas and smaller thalamus volumes than heM, in which hoM and heW did not differ. Our results support previous studies, which suggest cerebral differences between hoM and heM in regions, where sex differences have been reported, which are frequently proposed to underlie biological mechanisms. Thus, our results contribute to a better understanding of the neurobiology of sexual orientation.
Hybrid Genetic Algorithm and Local Search for Energy Demand Prediction Model

Energy demand pattern have many variables related to uncertainty behavior. These lead to a higher estimation rate of energy demand forecasting. However, two problems need to be overcome. The first problem is the fitness evaluation in energy demand forecasting model in which more than one variable are included, and the second problem is the local optimality that single algorithm fails to solve. The objective of this research is to develop energy demand forecasting model that reflects the characteristics of energy demand. A local search is used to assist the genetic algorithm in overcoming uncertainty in demand and the local optima problem and thus producing a higher estimation rate. To evaluate the performance of energy demand model, the actual demand was compared to estimation results. The findings indicate that the solution obtained using the proposed model was an improvement in quality over that obtained by a single genetic algorithm and can be applied to forecast future energy demand with higher approximation accuracy.
EAS-E: an integrated approach to application development

EAS-E (pronounced EASY) is an experimental programming language integrated with a database management system now running on VM/370 at the IBM Thomas J. Watson Research Center. The EAS-E programming language is built around the entity, attribute, and set (EAS) view of application development. It provides a means for translating operations on EAS structures directly into executable code. EAS-E commands have an English-like syntax, and thus EAS-E programs are easy to read and understand. EAS-E programs are also more compact than equivalent programs in other database languages. The EAS-E database management system allows many users simultaneous access to the database. It supports locking and deadlock detection and is capable of efficiently supporting network databases of various sizes including very large databases, consisting of several millions of entities stored on multiple DASD extends. Also available is a nonprocedural facility that allows a user to browse and update the database without writing programs.
Interaction of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-associated p85 with epidermal growth factor and platelet-derived growth factor receptors

One of the immediate cellular responses to stimulation by various growth factors is the activation of a phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase. We recently cloned the 85-kDa subunit of PI 3-kinase (p85) from a lambda gt11 expression library, using the tyrosine-phosphorylated carboxy terminus of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor as a probe (E. Y. Skolnik, B. Margolis, M. Mohammadi, E. Lowenstein, R. Fischer, A. Drepps, A. Ullrich, and J. Schlessinger, Cell 65:83-90, 1991). In this study, we have examined the association of p85 with EGF and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) receptors and the tyrosine phosphorylation of p85 in 3T3 (HER14) cells in response to EGF and PDGF treatment. Treatment of cells with EGF or PDGF markedly increased the amount of p85 associated with EGF and PDGF receptors. Binding assays with glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion proteins demonstrated that either Src homology region 2 (SH2) domain of p85 is sufficient for binding to EGF and PDGF receptors and that receptor tyrosine autophosphorylation is required for binding. Binding of a GST fusion protein expressing the N-terminal SH2 domain of p85 (GST-N-SH2) to EGF and PDGF receptors was half-maximally inhibited by 2 and 24 mM phosphotyrosine (P-Tyr), respectively, suggesting that the N-SH2 domain interacts more stably with PDGF receptors than with EGF receptors. The amount of receptor-p85 complex detected in HER14 cells treated with EGF or PDGF. Growth factor treatment also increased the amount of p85 found in anti-PDGF-treated HER14 cells, suggesting that the vast majority of p85 in the anti-P-Tyr fraction is receptor associated but not phosphorylated on tyrosine residues. Only upon transient overexpression of p85 and PDGF receptor did p85 become tyrosine phosphorylated. These are consistent with the hypothesis that p85 functions as an adaptor molecule that targets PI 3-kinase to activated growth factor receptors.
EB1 and EB3 promote cilia biogenesis by several centrosome-related mechanisms

The microtubule (MT) plus-end-tracking protein EB1 is required for assembly of primary cilia in mouse fibroblasts, but the mechanisms involved and the roles of the related proteins EB2 and EB3 in ciliogenesis are unknown. Using protein depletion experiments and expression of dominant-negative constructs we show here that EB1 and EB3, but not EB2, are required for assembly of primary cilia in cultured cells. Electron microscopy and live imaging showed that cells lacking EB1 or EB3 are defective in MT minus-end anchoring at the centrosome and/or basal body, and possess abnormally short cilia stumps surrounded by vesicles. Further, GST pull-down assays, mass spectrometry and immunoprecipitation indicated that EB1 and EB3 interact with proteins implicated in MT minus-end anchoring or vesicular trafficking to the cilia base, suggesting that EB1 and EB3 promote ciliogenesis by facilitating such trafficking. In addition, we show that EB3 is localized to the tip of motile cilia in bronchial epithelial cells and affects the formation of centriole-associated rootlet filaments. Collectively, our findings indicate that EBs affect biogenesis of cilia by several centrosome-related mechanisms and support the idea that different EB1–EB3 dimer species have distinct functions within cells.
On the Rapidly Cooling Interior of Supergalactic Winds

Here we present the steady-state numerical solution and two-dimensional hydrodynamic calculations of supergalactic winds, taking into consideration strong radiative cooling. The two possible outcomes: quasi-adiabatic and strongly radiative flows, are thoroughly discussed, together with their implications on the appearance of supergalactic winds in both the X-ray and visible line regimes.
Analysis of Production Constraints Facing Fadama Vegetable Farmers in Oyo State, Nigeria

The production of vegetable during the dry season often takes place in the fadama which is the prominent medium not only among the farmers but also unemployed youths turned famers. This study has examined constraints militating against fadama vegetable production in Oyo State, Nigeria. It has also examined involvement of male and female in the production activities. A multi-stage sampling technique was adopted to sample and administer questionnaires to 73 respondents in the study area. Data were collected and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The unavailability of credit sources, high cost of inputs (52.1%) , irregular fuel supply (24.7%), frequent pump break down (24.7%), irregularities in water pump operation (16.7%) and maintenance of the pump (9.6%) were constraints against capital use in the study area. The major constraints against labour use were the inability to hire labour. The result of the Ttest analysis showed that almost all the activities considered in the study are male dominated. Activities such as land clearing (67%), Bedding (66%), planting (54%), watering (46%) and digging of well (69%) were male dominated. It is recommended that there should be provision of credit facilities and initial take off capital for both male and female for the production of vegetable during the dry season. This will enable them to benefit from the high profit usually realized in vegetable production during the period.
Maintenance Therapy in Ovarian Cancer with Targeted Agents Improves PFS and OS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Background Maintenance therapy with targeted agents for prolonging remission for ovarian cancer patients remains controversial. As a result, a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the effectiveness and safety of using maintenance therapy with targeted agents for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Methods From inception to January 2015, we searched for randomized, controlled trials (RCTs) using the following databases: PubMed, ScienceDirect, the Cochrane Library, Clinicaltrials.gov and EBSCO. Eligible trials included RCTs that evaluated standard chemotherapy which was either followed or not followed by targeted maintenance in patients with ovarian cancer who had been previously receiving adjunctive treatments, such as cytoreductive surgery and standard chemotherapy. The outcome measures included progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and incidence of adverse events. Results A total of 13 RCTs, which were published between 2006 and 2014, were found to be in accordance with our inclusion criteria. The primary meta-analysis indicated that both PFS and OS were statistically and significantly improved in the targeted maintenance therapy group as compared to the control group (PFS: HR = 0.84, 95%CI: 0.75 to 0.95, p = 0.001; OS: HR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.84 to 0.98, p = 0.02). When taking safety into consideration, the use of targeted agents was significantly correlated with increased risks of fatigue, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and hypertension. However, no significant differences were found in incidence rates of abdominal pain, constipation or joint pain. Conclusions Our results indicate that targeted maintenance therapy clearly improves the survival of ovarian cancer patients but may also increase the incidence of adverse events. Additional randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter investigations will be required on a larger cohort of patients to verify our findings.
Approximate Bayesian Computation

Approximate Bayesian computation (ABC) constitutes a class of computational methods rooted in Bayesian statistics. In all model-based statistical inference, the likelihood function is of central importance, since it expresses the probability of the observed data under a particular statistical model, and thus quantifies the support data lend to particular values of parameters and to choices among different models. For simple models, an analytical formula for the likelihood function can typically be derived. However, for more complex models, an analytical formula might be elusive or the likelihood function might be computationally very costly to evaluate. ABC methods bypass the evaluation of the likelihood function. In this way, ABC methods widen the realm of models for which statistical inference can be considered. ABC methods are mathematically well-founded, but they inevitably make assumptions and approximations whose impact needs to be carefully assessed. Furthermore, the wider application domain of ABC exacerbates the challenges of parameter estimation and model selection. ABC has rapidly gained popularity over the last years and in particular for the analysis of complex problems arising in biological sciences (e.g., in population genetics, ecology, epidemiology, and systems biology).
The Determinants of Multidimensional Poverty in Nsukka, Nigeria

This paper explores factors that predict deprivation and are associated with multiple counts of deprivation in Nsukka, Nigeria. Different conceptions of poverty were constructed: the traditional money-metric measure and differing multidimensional constructs of poverty. Data from a survey of households in Nsukka were used. The counting and FGT methodologies were used to measure poverty and deprivation. Ordinary least squares, probit and counting models were also used to assess factors that predict poverty. The results indicate that between 70% and 78% of the population in the study is categorized as deprived or poor. The major determinants of deprivation across its various constructs include large family size, a low level of education, poor employment, rural location and poor health. In order to effectively alleviate poverty, an integrated approach that accounts for inter-linkages between factors associated with poverty is required.
Saber: Sequential Access Based cachE Replacement to Reduce the Cache Miss Penalty

Ever since a long time ago, recency and frequency are not to be sneezed at design of cache management policy. Meanwhile, hit ratio is used to estimate whether a cache replacement policy is good or not. The influence of miss penalty on cache performance is neglected incorrectly. In fact, the cache miss penalty can vary by almost one or two orders of magnitude among different policies because of tremendous divergence between sequential access rate and random access rate of disk. We notice the phenomena and propose a novel cache management policy, namely, sequential access based cache replacement, or Saber for short, where the non-uniform weights of sequentiality are dynamically assigned to buffered pages depending on page locations in the disk to determine the candidate victim. In the case, isolated pages will stay longer than neighboring ones in the memory. Hence, hard disks will work under sequential access mode as much as possible, which can improve cache performance by reducing the cache miss penalty and the mean access latency.
Cell Density-Dependent Upregulation of PDCD4 in Keratinocytes and Its Implications for Epidermal Homeostasis and Repair

Programmed cell death 4 (PDCD4) is one multi-functional tumor suppressor inhibiting neoplastic transformation and tumor invasion. The role of PDCD4 in tumorigenesis has attracted more attention and has been systematically elucidated in cutaneous tumors. However, the normal biological function of PDCD4 in skin is still unclear. In this study, for the first time, we find that tumor suppressor PDCD4 is uniquely induced in a cell density-dependent manner in keratinocytes. To determine the potential role of PDCD4 in keratinocyte cell biology, we show that knockdown of PDCD4 by siRNAs can promote cell proliferation in lower cell density and partially impair contact inhibition in confluent HaCaT cells, indicating that PDCD4 serves as an important regulator of keratinocytes proliferation and contact inhibition in vitro. Further, knockdown of PDCD4 can induce upregulation of cyclin D1, one key regulator of the cell cycle. Furthermore, the expression patterns of PDCD4 in normal skin, different hair cycles and the process of wound healing are described in detail in vivo, which suggest a steady-state regulatory role of PDCD4 in epidermal homeostasis and wound healing. These findings provide a novel molecular mechanism for keratinocytes’ biology and indicate that PDCD4 plays a role in epidermal homeostasis.