Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Networks , Creativity and the Finest in Jazz , 1939-1979 *

Creativity is commonly viewed as a collective process involving the coordination of a variety of individuals who interact in a dense network and influence one another through time. In this paper, the evolution of the network of collaboration among artists in the particular case of the Blue Note jazz label is studied. By analyzing the extent to which the collaboration structure relies on a star production model and the extent to which it relies on integrated and cohesive groups, the question raised is how the label combined creativity and the market for creative ideas so as to guarantee its economic viability. In fact, the different artists and styles should not be considered as independent from each other, but rather should be considered as having emerged from an interconnected core. The Blue Note label has therefore been able to put forth simultaneously creative talents as well as established artists, which have all contributed in their own way to shape the evolution of jazz. * Direct correspondence to David Grandadam, HEC Montréal, Service de l’Enseignement des Affaires Internationales, 3000 Chemin de la Côte-Sainte Catherine, Montréal (Québec) Canada H3T 2A7. Email: david.grandadam@hec.ca
Energy, Popularity, and the Circumplex

The circumplex model of affect claims that emotions can be understood in terms of their relative positions along two dimensions, namely pleasant-unpleasant and active-sleepy; and numerous studies of small samples of music have yielded data consistent with this. The present research tests whether the energy and beats per minute (proxies for the arousal dimension) and popularity as expressed in terms of sale charts (a possible proxy for the pleasantness dimension) could predict scores on six moods in 143,353 musical pieces. Findings concerning energy were clearly consistent with the circumplex model; findings for beats per minute were consistent though more equivocal; and findings concerning popularity yielded only limited support. Numerous relationships between popularity and mood were indicative of the commercial market for specific genres; and evidence demonstrated considerable differences in the mood scores between genres. In addition to the circumplex model and aesthetic responses, the findings have implications for music marketing, therapy, and everyday listening.
Versatile Route Descriptions for Pedestrian Guidance in Buildings - Conceptual Model and Systematic Method

In this paper, we tackle the challenging problem of guiding pedestrians in buildings. We propose a conceptual model for indoor environments, based only on regions and their boundaries. It needs to be computed just once. Our approach covers different phenomena, in particular irregular, non-convex regions which are not trivial. Visibility is modelled implicitly and can be determined efficiently. We illustrate by examples how route descriptions can be derived from the model.
Attachment Theory and Cognitive Science: Commentary on Fonagy and Target

P Fonagy and Mary Target present a broad and provocative argument for the potential contributions of attachment theory to clinical psychoanalysis, together with an analysis of why these contributions have thus far not been realized. Central to the authors’ discussion is the claim that the movement within contemporary cognitive science known as “embodied cognition” provides the theoretical machinery to bring attachment theory and psychoanalysis together. This conclusion depends on two claims about attachment theory’s relationship to cognitive science. First, Fonagy and Target argue that attachment theory as originally developed by Bowlby was based on a concept of mental representation derived from classical, “disembodied” cognitive science. Second, they argue that what is new about contemporary cognitive science is its turn to embodied cognition. These claims support their conclusion that attachment theory should be revised by bringing it more into line with contemporary cognitive science. Our perspective is that of working cognitive scientists—one of us is a philosopher of mind and the other a cognitive neuroscientist. From our perspective, the conceptual map presented by Fonagy and Target has recognizable landmarks, but deviates from our experience of the terrain. To begin with, attachment theory is not nearly so well aligned with classical cognitive science as they suggest; on the contrary, it shares at least as much ground with embodied cognition, if not ja p a
Madden‐Julian oscillation as simulated by the MPI Earth System Model: Over the last and into the next millennium

The Madden‐Julian oscillation (MJO), as represented by the Max Planck Institute for Meteorology Earth System Model (MPI‐ESM), is analyzed for the first time over time periods ranging from decades to more than a millennium. Particular attention is paid to the behavior of the MJO index as calculated from the leading pair of empirical orthogonal functions (EOFs) derived from a multivariate EOF analysis. The analysis of 1000 year simulations with the MPI‐ESM and its predecessor reveals significant interannual (2–6 years) to interdecadal (10–20 years) internal variability of the MJO but relatively little evidence of significant variability at longer timescales in unforced runs. A 1200 year experiment forced by the best estimates of solar variability, volcanism, and changing atmospheric composition indicates that the MJO simulated in the twentieth century is very similar to the MJO simulated since AD 800. The analysis of sensitivity experiments shows the influence of different external forcings: solar variability may contribute to MJO variability on 11 and 22 year periods, but this is difficult to separate from internal variability; and there is a hint of enhanced decadal variability associated with volcanic forcing. Land use change and changes associated with anthropogenic forcing over the twentieth century have no detectable effect on the simulated MJO. An increase of the CO2 concentrations by 1% per year starting in AD 1850 leads to an increase in the MJO strength in the twenty‐first century, as does the warming associated with an abrupt quadrupling of the atmospheric CO2 concentration, suggesting that the MJO may intensify with warming.
Down-Regulation of mir-424 Contributes to the Abnormal Angiogenesis via MEK1 and Cyclin E1 in Senile Hemangioma: Its Implications to Therapy

Background Senile hemangioma, so-called cherry angioma, is known as the most common vascular anomalies specifically seen in the aged skin. The pathogenesis of its abnormal angiogenesis is still unclear. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study, we found that senile hemangioma consisted of clusters of proliferated small vascular channels in upper dermis, indicating that this tumor is categorized as a vascular tumor. We then investigated the mechanism of endothelial proliferation in senile hemangioma, focusing on microRNA (miRNA). miRNA PCR array analysis revealed the mir-424 level in senile hemangioma was lower than in other vascular anomalies. Protein expression of MEK1 and cyclin E1, the predicted target genes of mir-424, was increased in senile hemangioma compared to normal skin or other anomalies, but their mRNA levels were not. The inhibition of mir-424 in normal human dermal microvascular ECs (HDMECs) using specific inhibitor in vitro resulted in the increase of protein expression of MEK1 or cyclin E1, while mRNA levels were not affected by the inhibitor. Specific inhibitor of mir-424 also induced the cell proliferation of HDMECs significantly, while the cell number was decreased by the transfection of siRNA for MEK1 or cyclin E1. Conclusions/Significance Taken together, decreased mir-424 expression and increased levels of MEK1 or cyclin E1 in senile hemangioma may cause abnormal cell proliferation in the tumor. Senile hemangioma may be the good model for cutaneous angiogenesis. Investigation of senile hemangioma and the regulatory mechanisms of angiogenesis by miRNA in the aged skin may lead to new treatments using miRNA by the transfection into senile hemangioma.
Predicting local violence

Riots, murders, lynchings, and other forms of local violence are costly to security forces and society at large. Identifying risk factors and forecasting where local violence is most likely to occur should help allocate scarce peacekeeping and policing resources. Most forecasting exercises of this kind rely on structural or event data, but these have many limitations in the poorest and most war-torn states, where the need for prediction is arguably most urgent. We adopt an alternative approach, applying machine learning techniques to original panel survey data from Liberia to predict collective, interpersonal, and extrajudicial violence two years into the future. We first train our models to predict 2010 local violence using 2008 risk factors, then generate forecasts for 2012 before collecting new data. Our models achieve out-of-sample AUCs ranging from 0.65 to 0.74, depending on our specification of the dependent variable. The models also draw our attention to risk factors different from those typically emphasized in studies aimed at causal inference alone. For example, we find that while ethnic heterogeneity and polarization are reliable predictors of local violence, adverse economic shocks are not. Surprisingly, we also find that the risk of local violence is higher rather than lower in communities where minority and majority ethnic groups share power. These counter-intuitive results illustrate the usefulness of prediction for generating new stylized facts for future research to explain. Ours is one of just two attempts to forecast local violence using survey data, and we conclude by discussing how our approach can be replicated and extended as similar datasets proliferate.
The Relation between Reading Skills and Eye Movement Patterns in Adolescent Readers: Evidence from a Regular Orthography

Over the past decades, the relation between reading skills and eye movement behavior has been well documented in English-speaking cohorts. As English and German differ substantially with regard to orthographic complexity (i.e. grapheme-phoneme correspondence), we aimed to delineate specific characteristics of how reading speed and reading comprehension interact with eye movements in typically developing German-speaking (Austrian) adolescents. Eye movements of 22 participants (14 females; mean age = 13;6 years;months) were tracked while they were performing three tasks, namely silently reading words, texts, and pseudowords. Their reading skills were determined by means of a standardized German reading speed and reading comprehension assessment (Lesegeschwindigkeits- und -verständnistest für Klassen 6−12). We found that (a) reading skills were associated with various eye movement parameters in each of the three reading tasks; (b) better reading skills were associated with an increased efficiency of eye movements, but were primarily linked to spatial reading parameters, such as the number of fixations per word, the total number of saccades and saccadic amplitudes; (c) reading speed was a more reliable predictor for eye movement parameters than reading comprehension; (d) eye movements were highly correlated across reading tasks, which indicates consistent reading performances. Contrary to findings in English-speaking cohorts, the reading skills neither consistently correlated with temporal eye movement parameters nor with the number or percentage of regressions made while performing any of the three reading tasks. These results indicate that, although reading skills are associated with eye movement patterns irrespective of language, the temporal and spatial characteristics of this association may vary with orthographic consistency.
Executive Functions as Moderators of the Worked Example Effect: When Shifting Is More Important Than Working Memory Capacity

Worked examples have proven to be effective for knowledge acquisition compared with problem solving, particularly when prior knowledge is low (e.g., Kalyuga, 2007). However, in addition to prior knowledge, executive functions and fluid intelligence might be potential moderators of the effectiveness of worked examples. The present study examines the roles of the executive functions of working memory capacity and shifting, as well as the role of fluid intelligence for knowledge acquisition in the presence or absence of worked examples. Seventy-six university students learned to solve statistical problems either with worked examples or through problem solving (the absence of worked examples). Results showed that shifting and fluid intelligence, but not prior knowledge and working memory capacity, moderated the effect of the presence of worked examples on knowledge acquisition. The higher the shifting ability and fluid intelligence were, the lower was the benefit of worked examples compared with problem solving. Learning environments did not differ with respect to cognitive load, and cognitive load was not correlated with working memory capacity, but it was correlated with fluid intelligence. These findings suggest that other important cognitive functions, such as shifting and fluid intelligence, might be more important than prior knowledge or working memory when worked examples are compared with problem solving. Future research can further examine whether the relative contribution of the different functions is likely to depend on the characteristics of the respective tasks—that is, whether a task puts a high or low demand on these cognitive functions. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)
Correlating decoding events with errors in Statistical Machine Translation

This work investigates situations in the decoding process of Phrase-based SMT that cause particular errors on the output of the translation. A set of translations post-edited by professional translators is used to automatically identify errors based on edit distance. Binary classiﬁers predicting the sentence-level existence of an error are ﬁtted with Logistic Regression, based on features from the decoding search graph. Models are ﬁtted for 3 common error types and 6 language pairs. The statistically signiﬁcant coefﬁcients of the logistic function are used to analyze parts of the decoding process that are related to the particular errors.
Advances in aggregate-functions MoM approaches

Aggregate-functions approaches construct efficient MoM basis functions by suitably grouping standard (e.g. Rao-Wilton-Glisson, RWG) functions. The application domains, objectives and related means of achieving them can be significantly different. In this communication we review some recent advances in aggregate-functions methods. We will discuss matrix compression, multi-resolution sets, and high-frequency constructs. They can reduce the degrees of freedom of the problem so as to allow a direct, iteration-free solution, or can accelerate the convergence rate of iterative methods. They are complementary in nature, and can be combined together.
The Estimation of Laplace Random Vectors in AWGN and the Generalized Incomplete Gamma Function

This paper develops and compares the MAP and MMSE estimators for spherically-contoured multivariate Laplace random vectors in additive white Gaussian noise. The MMSE estimator is expressed in closed-form using the generalized incomplete gamma function. We also find a computationally efficient yet accurate approximation for the MMSE estimator. In addition, this paper develops an expression for the mean square error MSE for any estimator of spherically-contoured multivariate Laplace random vectors in AWGN, the development of which again depends on the generalized incomplete gamma function. The estimators are motivated and tested on the problem of wavelet-based image denoising. ∗This work was supported by ONR under grant N00014-03-1-0217.
Finite sum-product logic.

In this paper we describe a deductive system for categories with finite products and coproducts, prove decidability of equality of morphisms via cut elimination, and prove a “Whitman theorem” for the free such categories over arbitrary base categories. This result provides a nice illustration of some basic techniques in categorical proof theory, and also seems to have slipped past unproved in previous work in this field. Furthermore, it suggests a type-theoretic approach to 2–player input–output games.
Terrain Referenced Navigation of AUVs and Submarines Using Multibeam Echo Sounders

Most AUV and submarine navigation systems are based on accurate low drift inertial navigation systems (INS) designed to sustain submerged operation for long periods of time. Regardless of velocity aiding sensor and INS quality, the position accuracy will eventually decrease necessitating position updates. When GPS surface fixes are not allowed due to vulnerability, covertness or efficiency, terrain referenced bathymetric navigation is a well-suited method for submerged position updates. In principle terrain navigation runs on any sensor providing bathymetric data. The paper focuses on use of multibeam echo sounder (MBE), which is particularly attractive because of its wide coverage. MBEs are also ideal sensors for terrain mapping. In rapid environmental assessment (REA) and intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition and reconnaissance (ISTAR) scenarios, bathymetric mapping is an important capability. MBEs typically come with software for in-situ chart production and seabed classification. A FFI developed terrain navigation system is integrated with the inertial navigation system on the HUGIN AUV. A Norwegian submarine is equipped with a multibeam echo sounder in an experimental set-up.
Predictive controller design for bilateral teleoperation systems with time varying delays

In this paper, a new predictive approach is proposed for the impedance control of the bilateral teleoperation systems. In this approach, two predictors with the same structures are applied in the controller design both in master and slave sides. The controller can use the transmitting signals at current time, which are estimated by the predictors, instead of the measurable delayed signals only. Hence the influence of the delay on the whole system can be minimized and performance can be improved. System knowledge such as the human operator dynamics, the measurement of the instantaneous time varying delays and the environmental impedance model are incorporated as well. The system stability and the convergence of the proposed approach are analyzed.
Herbal Formula, PM014, Attenuates Lung Inflammation in a Murine Model of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), which is characterized by airway obstruction, leads to, as the two major forms of COPD, chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of herbal formula, PM014, in a murine model of COPD. Balb/c mice were treated once with each herb extract in PM014 or PM014 mixture via an oral injection. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or elastase/LPS were administrated to the mice to induce a disease that resembles COPD. PM014 treatment significantly attenuated the increased accumulation of immune cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) compared to control mice. In addition, the TNF-α and IL-6 levels in BALF were decreased in the PM014 mice. Furthermore, histological analysis demonstrated that PM014 attenuated the hazardous effects of lung inflammation. These data suggest that PM014 exerts beneficial effects against forms of COPD such as lung inflammation.
New simultaneous switching noise analysis and modeling for high-speed and high-density CMOS IC package design

A new simple but accurate simultaneous-switching-noise (SSN) model for complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) integrated circuit (IC) package design was developed. Since the model is based on the sub-micron metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) device model, it can predict the SSN for today's sub-micron-based very large scale integration (VLSI) circuits. In order to derive the SSN model, the ground path current is determined by taking into account all the circuit components such as the transistor resistance, lead inductance, load capacitance, and oscillation frequency of the noise signal. Since the current slew rate is not constant during the device switching, a rigorous analysis to determine the current slew rate was performed. Then a new simple but accurate closed-form SSN model was developed by accurately determining current slew rate for SSN with the alpha-power-law of a sub-micron transistor drain current. The derived SSN model implicitly includes all the critical circuit performance and package parameters. The model is verified with the general-purpose circuit simulator, HSPICE. The model shows an excellent agreement with simulation even in the worst case (i.e., within a 10% margin of error but normally within a 5% margin of error). A package design methodology is presented by using the developed model.
Creating Community-Inclusive Organizations: Managerial Accountability Framework

Based on a community psychology perspective, this qualitative study explores the community-inclusion effort of one of the largest pulp and paper companies in the world. Extending the literature on workforce diversity/inclusion, we present the community-inclusive organizational framework, which signifies the dynamics of community inclusiveness of organizations highlighting key managerial accountabilities (i.e., cultural, collective, relational, and structural accountabilities) based on the community psychology perspective. Theoretical and practical implications are presented for promoting community-inclusive organizations, along with avenues for further research.
Changes in Mediterranean circulation and water characteristics due to restriction of the Atlantic connection: a high-resolution ocean model

Abstract. A high-resolution parallel ocean model is set up to examine how the sill depth of the Atlantic connection affects circulation and water characteristics in the Mediterranean Basin. An analysis of the model performance, comparing model results with observations of the present-day Mediterranean, demonstrates its ability to reproduce observed water characteristics and circulation (including deep water formation). A series of experiments with different sill depths in the Atlantic–Mediterranean connection is used to assess the sensitivity of Mediterranean circulation and water characteristics to sill depth. Basin-averaged water salinity and, to a lesser degree, temperature rise when the sill depth is shallower and exchange with the Atlantic is lower. Lateral and interbasinal differences in the Mediterranean are, however, largely unchanged. The strength of the upper overturning cell in the western basin is proportional to the magnitude of the exchange with the Atlantic, and hence to sill depth. Overturning in the eastern basin and deep water formation in both basins, on the contrary, are little affected by the sill depth. The model results are used to interpret the sedimentary record of the Late Miocene preceding and during the Messinian Salinity Crisis. In the western basin, a correlation exists between sill depth and rate of refreshment of deep water. On the other hand, because sill depth has little effect on the overturning and deep water formation in the eastern basin, the model results do not support the notion that restriction of the Atlantic–Mediterranean connection may cause lower oxygenation of deep water in the eastern basin. However, this discrepancy may be due to simplifications in the surface forcing and the use of a bathymetry different from that in the Late Miocene. We also tentatively conclude that blocked outflow, as found in experiments with a sill depth l10 m, is a plausible scenario for the second stage of the Messinian Salinity Crisis during which halite was rapidly accumulated in the Mediterranean. With the model setup and experiments, a basis has been established for future work on the sensitivity of Mediterranean circulation to changes in (palaeo-)bathymetry and external forcings.