Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Response to Fergusson and Boden: The psychological impact of major disasters

Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry, 48(8) McManus F, Surawy C, Muse K, et al. (2012) A randomized clinical trial of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy versus unrestricted services for health anxiety (hypochondriasis). Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 80: 817–828. Muse K, McManus F, Leung C, et al. (2012) Cyberchondriasis: Fact or fiction? A preliminary examination of the relationship between health anxiety and searching for health information on the Internet. Journal of Anxiety Disorders 26: 189–196. Starcevic V (2013) Hypochondriasis and health anxiety: Conceptual challenges. British Journal of Psychiatry 202: 7–8. Starcevic V (2014) Should we deplore the disappearance of hypochondriasis from DSM-5? Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 48: 373–374. Sunderland M, Newby JM and Andrews G (2013) Health anxiety in Australia: Prevalence, comorbidity, disability and service use. British Journal of Psychiatry 202: 56–61. Tyrer P, Cooper S, Salkovskis P, et al. (2014a) Clinical and cost-effectiveness of cognitive behaviour therapy for health anxiety in medical patients: A multicentre randomised controlled trial. Lancet 383: 219–225. Tyrer P, Salkovskis P, Tyrer H, et al. (2014b) Cognitive behaviour therapy for health anxiety. Lancet 383: 1295–1296.
Hypotensive resuscitation strategy reduces transfusion requirements and severe postoperative coagulopathy in trauma patients with hemorrhagic shock: preliminary results of a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND Trauma is a leading cause of death worldwide and is thus a major public health concern. Previous studies have shown that limiting the amount of fluids given by following a strategy of permissive hypotension during the initial resuscitation period may improve trauma outcomes. This study examines the clinical outcomes from the first 90 patients enrolled in a prospective, randomized controlled trial of hypotensive resuscitation, with the primary aim of assessing the effects of a limited transfusion and intravenous (IV) fluid strategy on 30-day morbidity and mortality. METHODS Patients in hemorrhagic shock who required emergent surgery were randomized to one of the two arms of the study for intraoperative resuscitation. Those in the experimental (low mean arterial pressure [LMAP]) arm were managed with a hypotensive resuscitation strategy in which the target mean arterial pressure (MAP) was 50 mm Hg. Those in the control (high MAP [HMAP]) arm were managed with standard fluid resuscitation to a target MAP of 65 mm Hg. Patients were followed up for 30 days. Intraoperative fluid requirements, mortality, postoperative complications, and other clinical data were prospectively gathered and analyzed. RESULTS Patients in the LMAP group received a significantly less blood products and total i.v. fluids during intraoperative resuscitation than those in the HMAP group. They had significantly lower mortality in the early postoperative period and a nonsignificant trend for lower mortality at 30 days. Patients in the LMAP group were significantly less likely to develop immediate postoperative coagulopathy and less likely to die from postoperatively bleeding associated with coagulopathy. Among those who developed coagulopathy in both groups, patients in the LMAP group had significantly lower international normalized ratio than those in the HMAP group, indicating a less severe coagulopathy. CONCLUSIONS Hypotensive resuscitation is a safe strategy for use in the trauma population and results in a significant reduction in blood product transfusions and overall IV fluid administration. Specifically, resuscitating patients with the intent of maintaining a target minimum MAP of 50 mm Hg, rather than 65 mm Hg, significantly decreases postoperative coagulopathy and lowers the risk of early postoperative death and coagulopathy. These preliminary results provide convincing evidence that support the continued investigation and use of hypotensive resuscitation in the trauma setting.
A Comparison of Male Heterosexual and Male Homosexual Patterns of Sexual Arousal

We examined both self‐reported and physiologically measured sexual arousal of male heterosexual and homosexual subjects to explore various parameters of sexual response in these two groups. Results clearly support previous work with these groups, demonstrating that films produce more arousal than either slides or audiotaped stimuli and that arousal to lesbian and male homosexual stimuli content were best able to discriminate heterosexual and homosexual arousal patterns for well matched groups of subjects. The previous finding that the correlation between the subjective and physiological measures is lower for male homosexual subjects than for male heterosexual subjects was replicated, but it was demonstrated that this result is a confound of the stimulus content employed. When the level of arousal, pleasantness of the stimulus, or quantity of partner preference cues was controlled, the group differences in correlation were no longer present. Finally, decreased sexual experience and information were found t.
Factors for Successful e‑Government Adoption: a Conceptual Framework

Canada has been the world's leader in e‑Government maturity for the last five years. The global average for government website usage by citizens is about 30%. In Canada, this statistic is over 51%. The vast majority of Canadians visit government websites to obtain information, rather than interacting or transacting with the government. It seems that the rate of adoption of e‑Government has globally fallen below expectations although some countries are doing better than others. Clearly, a better understanding of why and how citizens use government websites, and their general dispositions towards e‑Government is an important research issue. This paper initiates discussion of this issue by proposing a conceptual model of e‑Government adoption that places users as the focal point for e‑Government adoption strategy.
Automobility, materiality and Don DeLillo’s Cosmopolis

In this paper I argue that an examination of changing patterns of mobility and automobility in contemporary literature can demonstrate ways that literary forms both reflect and produce cultural and social change. Focusing more specifically on automobility in Don DeLillo’s 21st century novel Cosmopolis, I take into account the car as it functions symbolically in the discursive realm with its promises of freedom and liberation, and its part in discourses of power, wealth and the ecological. I also acknowledge the impact of its presence as a material object that operates within global systems of production and consumption and integrated systems of roads. I conclude that the car in DeLillo’s novel not only contains ideas of automobility from the past, but also points the way forward to one future where the relative immobility of the congested automobile is countered by the mobility of the networking functions it contains.
A Systematic Evidence Review on Suicide in Kosovo

The after-war Kosovo society was characterized by an increasing number of suicides. The aims of the study were the identification, appraisal, selection, and synthesis of studies on suicide in Kosovo. A classical theoretical approach has been used to analyze studies in known databases as well as dissertations and presentations at national conferences. Fifteen studies that met our selection criteria were analyzed. These studies were psychiatric/psychological, forensic, sociological, epidemiological, and legal type. We have not found any study of qualitative, physiological, or anthropological character. None of these studies noticed the focus on specific cultural elements. The investigation of social elements did not provide valuable data. Most of the studies focused on adolescents. Neither research has convinced us for it comprehensible view of suicide phenomenon. Only two studies analyzed predictors of suicide. Identification of the protective/risk factors is difficult because the reviewed studies have many methodological shortcomings. Although the studies analyzed include many valuable data of epidemiological nature, they do not allow us to develop a model for suicide.
Acquired Defects of Glycogen Synthase Activity in Cultured Human Skeletal Muscle Cells: Influence of High Glucose and Insulin Levels

To determine whether defects of muscle glycogen synthase (GS) activity can be acquired by exposure to elevated glucose or insulin levels, human skeletal muscle cells obtained by needle biopsy from normal control subjects were grown in culture for 4–6 weeks followed by 4 days of fusion and differentiation in media containing either normal (5.5 mmol/l glucose and 22 pmol/l insulin) or increased concentrations of glucose (20 mmol/l), insulin (30 micromol/l), or both. After fusion in normal media, acute stimulation by 33 nmol/l insulin for 1 h increased GS fractional velocity (FV) ∼ twofold (from 9.01 ± 1.26 to 16.31 ± 2.40, P < 0.05). Increasing the media glucose concentration alone to 20 mmol/l during fusion had no effect on basal FV but caused a marginal impairment of the insulin-stimulated GS response (from 8.51 ± 1.33 to 12.99 ± 1.90, P = 0.08). Increasing the media insulin concentration to 30 micromol/l during fusion at 5.5 mmol/l glucose also did not alter basal GS FV (10.61 ± 1.69%) but completely abolished the normal insulin-stimulated increase in GS activity (to 11.63 ± 1.55%, NS). The combination of high insulin (30 micromol/l) and high glucose (20 mmol/l) during fusion had no greater effect on the FV of either basal (11.66 ± 2.16%, NS) or insulin-stimulated (9.20 ± 1.80%, NS) GS activity than high insulin alone. Fusion in hyperinsulinemic media altered the kinetic parameters of GS with a near doubling of the basal Km0.1 and Vmax0.1 for uridinediphospho-glucose. Hyperinsulinemia also totally prevented the normal insulin-stimulated threefold increase in the Vmax0.1 and the 65% decrease in the A0.5 for glucose-6-phosphate. GS mRNA and protein expression, determined by RNase protection assay and immunoblotting, respectively, were unaffected by changes in media conditions. We conclude that exposure of human skeletal muscle cells primarily to high insulin induces severe insulin resistance through multiple acquired posttranslational defects, which affect both the kinetic characteristics and absolute activity of the GS enzyme.
Lone Mothers and Paid Work - Rational Economic Man or Gendered Moral Rationalities?

In this article we examine the inadequacies of the rational economic man approach for understanding individual economic decision-making, and we suggest an alternative concept which we call ''gendered moral rationalities. '' We carry out this critique in the context of research on lone motherhood and paid work. This is an important social and political issue where analyses commonly use the rational economic man approach (although often only implicitly). However, these analyses have not, we argue, been able to understand the social processes by which lone mothers take up, or do not take up, paid work. In this paper we take the debate further by using recent empirical work on the employment position and values of lone mothers in Britain, integrating information from interviews with census data. The results suggest that it is nonmarket, collective relations and understandings about motherhood and employment which are the primary factors in explaining lone mothers' uptake of paid work. We term these ''gendered moral rationalities. '' While individual levels of human capital and policy constraints remain important, in a causal sense these are best seen as contingent, secondary factors. The source of economic rationality therefore, at least in this case, primarily lies outside the market and in the domain of collective, and highly gendered, understandings about proper social behavior. This critique parallels recent work by feminist economists who call for a complete restructuring in how economists think and conduct their research.
Corticotropin-Releasing Factor in Brain: A Role in Activation, Arousal, and Affect Regulation

Organisms exposed to challenging stimuli that alter the status quo inside or outside of the body are required for survival purposes to generate appropriate coping responses that counteract departures from homeostasis. Identification of an executive control mechanism within the brain capable of coordinating the multitude of endocrine, physiological, and functional coping responses has high utility for understanding the response of the organism to stressor exposure under normal or pathological conditions. The corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF)/urocortin family of neuropeptides and receptors constitutes an affective regulatory system due to the integral role it plays in controlling neural substrates of arousal, emotionality, and aversive processes. In particular, available evidence from pharmacological intervention in multiple species and phenotyping of mutant mice shows that CRF/urocortin systems mediate motor and psychic activation, stimulus avoidance, and threat recognition responses to aversive stimulus exposure. It is suggested that affective regulation is exerted by CRF/urocortin systems within the brain based upon the sensitivity of local brain sites to CRF/urocortin ligand administration and the appearance of hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical activation following stressor exposure. Moreover, these same stress neuropeptides may constitute a mechanism for learning to avoid noxious stimuli by facilitating the formation of so-called emotional memories. A conceptual framework is provided for extrapolation of animal model findings to humans and for viewing CRF/urocortin activation as a continuum measure linking normal and pathological states.
Individual Readiness for Organizational Change and Its Implications for Human Resource and Organization Development

Individual readiness for organizational change reflects the concept of unfreezing proposed by Lewin (1947/1997b) and is critical to successful change implementation. Understanding the conditions conducive to individual readiness for organizational change, instead of the more traditional focus on resistance to change, can be useful for designing and implementing effective human resource and organization development (HROD) interventions. In this conceptual article, we examine the concept of individual readiness for organizational change as well as its relationship to change strategies and organizational culture. A review of literature on change strategies and a learning culture suggests that individuals are more likely to have higher levels of readiness for organizational change when (a) they experience normative-reeducative change strategies and when (b) they perceive their work environment to have the characteristics associated with a learning culture.
The Metamorphosis of Marginality: Four Generations in the Favelas of Rio de Janeiro

This article is based on a four-generational study of residents in three squatter communities (favelas) in Rio de Janeiro from 1968 to 2003. It shows how the marginalization of the urban poor has deepened over the past thirty-five years through drug-related violence, the failure of democracy to deliver on its promise of voice for the disenfranchised, the stigma of place and race, the increase in unemployment, and the inability to translate educational gains into concomitant income or occupational gains. Despite significant improvements in consumption of collective urban services, household goods, and schooling, few have been successful enough to move into “good neighborhoods” or into professional jobs. Gang violence creates a pervasive sense of fear and diminishes the social capital of the communities. Despite the promise of the end of the dictatorship in 1984, favela residents feel they are more excluded. Yet they still have hope that their lives will improve in the future.
Safety of Unilateral Endovascular Occlusion of the Cervical Segment of the Vertebral Artery without Antecedent Balloon Test Occlusion

The safety of unilateral vertebral artery occlusion without prior balloon test occlusion was retrospectively assessed in 59 patients who underwent postprocedure CT or MR imaging. No patients had clinical or imaging evidence of postprocedural infarctions. Both dominant and non-dominant vertebral arteries were safely occluded. BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Antecedent balloon test occlusion is often performed prior to vertebral artery sacrifice, but there is limited data to suggest this adds a significant clinical benefit, especially in the setting of trauma. Furthermore, balloon test occlusion can be time-consuming, add to the technical complexity of the procedure, and increase the overall cost of treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine the safety of unilateral vertebral artery occlusion without antecedent balloon test occlusion as part of the treatment regimen in patients with traumatic vertebral artery dissection, cervical tumor, or intracranial aneurysm. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The medical records and imaging studies of 59 patients in whom unilateral endovascular cervical vertebral artery occlusion was performed were retrospectively reviewed. Procedure-related stroke was defined as imaging evidence of acute infarct in the vascular territories supplied by the occluded vertebral artery or new focal neurologic deficit developing in the first 30 days after vertebral artery occlusion attributable to infarction in the posterior circulation. RESULTS: Fifty-nine patients underwent unilateral endovascular cervical vertebral artery occlusion to prevent potential thromboembolic complications of vertebral artery injury, for treatment of intracranial aneurysms, or for presurgical embolization of a cervical vertebral tumor. Unilateral occlusion was performed when endovascular reconstruction was considered impossible or deemed more risky than deconstruction. Fifty-eight of the 59 patients underwent vertebral artery occlusion without antecedent balloon test occlusion. None of the 59 patients had clinical or imaging evidence of a postprocedural infarct. CONCLUSIONS: In this series, endovascular occlusion of a cervical segment of 1 vertebral artery was safely performed without antecedent balloon test occlusion. As long as both vertebral arteries were patent and converged at the vertebrobasilar junction, there was anatomic potential for retrograde filling of the distal intracranial vertebral artery to the level of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery origin, and there was no major vascular supply to the spinal cord arising from the target segment of the affected vessel. Dominant and nondominant vertebral arteries were safely occluded, and no infarcts were attributed to the treatment.
Memory Effects of Different Relational Links between Brands and Sponsored Events

Sport sponsorship is an important marketing communication tool, and stakes in sponsorship deals are high. Therefore, sponsors strive to ensure that their investments are effective and protected from competitors—that is, ambusher marketers’ attacks. Still, little is known about how ambush marketing affects sponsor identification and misidentification of ambushers as sponsors. This study investigates levels of sponsor and ambusher identification in three experimental settings, controlling for the presence/absence of an ambusher, communication modality, and response formats. A field study in the context of a large sports event demonstrates the external validity of the findings. The results provide evidence of a nondestructive interference of ambush marketing, indicating that ambush marketing does not necessarily harm sponsor identification. Misidentification of nonsponsors as sponsors occurs because of the indirect link established between the event and the company through ambush marketing, but not as a consequence of other communication activities by a competitor with no link to the event. Finally, a combined sponsor–ambusher perspective indicates that sponsors do not necessarily have a consistent “official sponsor” advantage over ambushers. Findings are discussed with emphasis on implications for sponsors, ambushers, and marketing researchers.
Risk Studies: The French Contribution

Since the late 1980s risks have been at the centre of numerous debates in France, as in many other countries. This phenomenon is related to the growth of environmental issues, accompanied by a mounting awareness of the vulnerability of our societies and of the ambivalent role of science and technology as a source of progress but also of new risks (Fabiani and Theys, 1987). More recently, a series of health crises and scandals has further heightened consciousness in this respect. In this context, the issue of risk is crucial since it raises questions on the constitution of our societies: the role of the state which protects but simultaneously restricts freedoms; the evolving relations between knowledge and power; new forms in the legitimization of action; society’s relationship with its own development, and so on. Hence, as in many countries, French researchers’ interest in risks stems from a feeling, shared by many, that risks are one of the perspectives from which society producing itself can be observed. Like Ulrich Beck, with his ‘‘risk society’’ thesis, François Ewald sees in the current period a new political regime, the ‘‘state of precaution’’, in which risk plays a role in the development of a new governmentality (Ewald, 2005). The ‘‘new risks’’ of the state of precaution (Godard et al., 2003) are complex and systemic, fraught with uncertainties, objects of controversial knowledge. Their very definition is the subject of debates, and they lend themselves to phenomena of publicization and politicization. The new governmentality is therefore marked by an increasingly frequent use of scientific expertise, which is a strategic political resource for many actors in the regulation of risks.
What Can the Brain Teach Us about Winemaking? An fMRI Study of Alcohol Level Preferences

Over the last few decades, wine makers have been producing wines with a higher alcohol content, assuming that they are more appreciated by consumers. To test this hypothesis, we used functional magnetic imaging to compare reactions of human subjects to different types of wine, focusing on brain regions critical for flavor processing and food reward. Participants were presented with carefully matched pairs of high- and low-alcohol content red wines, without informing them of any of the wine attributes. Contrary to expectation, significantly greater activation was found for low-alcohol than for high-alcohol content wines in brain regions that are sensitive to taste intensity, including the insula as well as the cerebellum. Wines were closely matched for all physical attributes except for alcohol content, thus we interpret the preferential response to the low-alcohol content wines as arising from top-down modulation due to the low alcohol content wines inducing greater attentional exploration of aromas and flavours. The findings raise intriguing possibilities for objectively testing hypotheses regarding methods of producing a highly complex product such as wine.