Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Epirubicin, Cisplatin, and Capecitabine for Primary Platinum-Resistant or Platinum-Refractory Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Objective Primary platinum-resistant epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is an area of unmet medical need. There is limited evidence from small studies that platinum-based combinations can overcome “resistance” in a proportion of patients. We investigated the efficacy and toxicity of platinum-based combination chemotherapy in the platinum-resistant and platinum-refractory setting. Methods Epirubicin, cisplatin, and capecitabine (ECX) combination chemotherapy was used at our institution for the treatment of relapsed EOC. From the institutional database, we identified all patients with primary platinum-refractory or platinum-resistant relapse treated with ECX as second-line therapy between 2001 and 2012. We extracted demographic, clinical, treatment, and toxicity data and outcomes. We used logistic and Cox regression models to identify predictors of response and survival respectively. Results Thirty-four 34 patients (8 refractory, 26 resistant) were treated with ECX. Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) response rate was 45%, median progression-free survival (PFS) was 6.4 months, and overall survival (OS) was 10.6 months. Platinum-resistant patients had better outcomes than did platinum-refractory patients (response rate, 54% vs 0%, P = 0.047; PFS 7.2 vs 1.8 months, P < 0.0001; OS 14.4 vs 3 months, P < 0.001). In regression models, time to progression after first-line treatment and platinum-refractory status were the strongest predictors of response and PFS or OS, respectively. Patients with time to progression after first-line treatment longer than 3 months showed PFS and OS of 7.9 and 14.7 months, respectively. Toxicity was manageable, with only 13% of cycles administered at reduced doses. Conclusions Epirubicin, cisplatin, and capecitabine seems to be active in platinum-resistant relapsed EOC with manageable toxicity. Further prospective investigation of platinum-anthracycline combinations is warranted in patients who relapse 3 to 6 months after first-line platinum-taxane treatment.
An overall decline both in recollection and familiarity in healthy aging.

BACKGROUND In the area of recognition memory, the experimental data have been inconsistent about whether or not familiarity declines in healthy aging. A recent meta-analysis concluded that familiarity is impaired when estimated with the remember-know procedure, but not with the process-dissociation procedure. METHOD We present an associative recognition experiment with remember-know judgments that allow us to estimate both recollection and familiarity using both procedures in the same task and with the same participants (a sample of healthy older people and another sample of young people). Moreover, we performed a within-subjects manipulation of the type of materials (pairs of words or pairs of pictures), and the repetition or not of the pairs during the study phase. RESULTS The results show that familiarity, estimated using both estimation procedures, declines significantly with age, although the effect size obtained with the process-dissociation procedure is significantly smaller than the one obtained with the remember-know procedure. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that aging is associated with significant decreases both in recollection and, to a lesser extent, familiarity.
Correction

The distribution of cystic fibrosis (CF) transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) genotypes is not well characterised in patients with CF diagnosed after childhood, the majority of whom are compound heterozygotes for ΔF508. 1 We describe such a patient with a rare genotype more commonly associated with inherited infertility in males. A 54 year old man who had never smoked was referred with bilateral bronchiectasis and chronic sinusitis. He had no known allergy, no history of pancreatitis, and no family history of CF or consanguinity. Obstructive infertility with azoospermia had been established by spermography. The patient reported recurrent lower respiratory tract infections since childhood and pneumonia at the age of 45. He had undergone sinus surgery for nasal polyposis. CF was suspected. A first sweat test was positive with a chloride concentration of 65 mmol/l (normal <40 mmol/l). The patient had chronic cough productive of purulent sputum, mild dyspnoea, chronic nasal obstruction with …
A Computational Model of a Descending Mechanosensory Pathway Involved in Active Tactile Sensing

Many animals, including humans, rely on active tactile sensing to explore the environment and negotiate obstacles, especially in the dark. Here, we model a descending neural pathway that mediates short-latency proprioceptive information from a tactile sensor on the head to thoracic neural networks. We studied the nocturnal stick insect Carausius morosus, a model organism for the study of adaptive locomotion, including tactually mediated reaching movements. Like mammals, insects need to move their tactile sensors for probing the environment. Cues about sensor position and motion are therefore crucial for the spatial localization of tactile contacts and the coordination of fast, adaptive motor responses. Our model explains how proprioceptive information about motion and position of the antennae, the main tactile sensors in insects, can be encoded by a single type of mechanosensory afferents. Moreover, it explains how this information is integrated and mediated to thoracic neural networks by a diverse population of descending interneurons (DINs). First, we quantified responses of a DIN population to changes in antennal position, motion and direction of movement. Using principal component (PC) analysis, we find that only two PCs account for a large fraction of the variance in the DIN response properties. We call the two-dimensional space spanned by these PCs ‘coding-space’ because it captures essential features of the entire DIN population. Second, we model the mechanoreceptive input elements of this descending pathway, a population of proprioceptive mechanosensory hairs monitoring deflection of the antennal joints. Finally, we propose a computational framework that can model the response properties of all important DIN types, using the hair field model as its only input. This DIN model is validated by comparison of tuning characteristics, and by mapping the modelled neurons into the two-dimensional coding-space of the real DIN population. This reveals the versatility of the framework for modelling a complete descending neural pathway.
Detachment and flow behaviour of anode slimes in high nickel copper electrorefining

Most of the world’s copper is produced via copper electrorefining, where nickel is the most abundant impurity in the process. Previously it has been suggested that nickel affects the adhesion of anode slimes on the anode as well as the porosity of the slime layer that forms. This paper investigates the effects of nickel, oxygen, sulphuric acid and temperature on the detachment of anode slimes from the anode surface. The detachment of particles as a function of both anode and electrolyte composition was studied on laboratory scale using a camera connected to a Raspberry Pi, and particle detection and movement analysed using TrackPy. The results revealed four different slime detachment mechanisms: cloud formation, individual particle detachment, cluster detachment and avalanche. These were found to be dependent on the electrolyte (0, 10, 20, 30 g/dm3 Ni2+ & 100, 200 g/dm3 H2SO4), with increasing nickel concentration promoting cluster detachment and increasing sulphuric acid concentration favouring detachment of individual particles. Anode composition (0.05-0.44 wt% O and 0.07-0.64 wt% Ni) was shown to affect the flow direction of anode slimes, with increasing nickel leading to more upward-flowing slimes. Typical particle movement velocities were from -0.5 to 1.0 mm/s regardless of the electrolyte and anode composition, and regardless of the operating temperature (25 °C & 60 °C) for small particles (<0.5 mm). The results also support previous findings that increasing the nickel concentration of the electrolyte leads to a more porous anode slime layer on the anode.
Heart Activity Monitoring on Smartphone

Heart related diseases kill more and more people every year. The cost to detect and treat cardiovascular disease is too high. Monitoring and assessing the health of the heart for every cardiac cycle is of important and essential. A simple, easy to used heart activity monitoring system was designed and tested. The activity includes electrocardiogram and seismocardiography. A tri-axis accelerometer is used as a sensor to detect seismocardiography in 3-D. Bluetooth wireless is used to send the heart activity to a smartphone to be displayed, relayed, and stored in a network for further assessment.
Comparison of cefuroxime axetil and amoxicillin-clavulanate suspensions in treatment of acute otitis media with effusion in children

Two hundred sixty-three pediatric patients from the ages of 3 months to 11 years were enrolled in a randomized, investigator-blinded, multicenter study comparing the clinical and bacteriological efficacies and safety of cefuroxime axetil suspension (CAE) with those of amoxicillin-clavulanate suspension (AMX-CL) in the treatment of acute otitis media with effusion. Patients received CAE at 30 mg/kg of body weight per day (n = 165) in two divided doses or AMX-CL at 40 mg/kg/day (n = 98) in three divided doses for 10 days. The primary pathogens among 200 isolates from pretreatment cultures of middle ear fluid were identified as follows: Haemophilus influenzae (39%), over a third of which were beta-lactamase positive; Streptococcus pneumoniae (34%); and Moraxella catarrhalis (16%). Pathogens were eradicated or presumed to be eradicated from 81% (95 of 118) and 76% (50 of 66) of bacteriologically evaluable patients in the CAE and AMX-CL groups, respectively. A satisfactory clinical response (cure or improvement with or without resolution of effusion) occurred in 113 (77%) of 146 clinically evaluable patients in the CAE group and in 66 (74%) of 89 evaluable patients in the AMX-CL group. Clinical failure or recurrence (within 2 weeks following the completion of treatment) occurred in 22 and 26% of CAE- and AMX-CL-treated patients, respectively. Drug-related adverse events occurred in 18% of CAE-treated patients, whereas they occurred in 39% of AMX-CL-treated patients (P < 0.001); diarrhea or loose stools was the most commonly reported adverse event (CAE, 12%; AMX-CL, 31%; P < 0.001). These results indicate that CAE given twice daily is as effective as AMX-CL given three times daily in the treatment of acute otitis media with effusion in pediatric patients, but CAE was associated with significantly fewer drug-related adverse events.
Treating Hypothyroidism with Thyroxine/Triiodothyronine Combination Therapy in Denmark: Following Guidelines or Following Trends?

Background: Five to ten percent of patients with hypothyroidism describe persistent symptoms despite being biochemically well regulated on levothyroxine (L-T4). Thyroxine (T4)/triiodothyronine (T3) combination therapy [L-T4/liothyronine (L-T3) or desiccated thyroid] are still regarded as experimental with no evidence of superior effect on persistent symptoms according to meta-analyses. However, some randomized controlled trials have demonstrated patients' preference for T4/T3 combination therapy as compared to L-T4 monotherapy. In 2013, attention to combination therapy increased in Denmark after a patient published a book describing her experiences with hypothyroidism and treatment. Objective: To investigate current Danish trends in the use of T4/T3 combination therapy. Methods: We used an Internet-based questionnaire, distributed as a link via two Danish patient fora. Further, information was obtained from the Division of Pharmacies and Reimbursement at the Danish Health and Medicines Authority and from the only pharmacy in Denmark producing desiccated thyroid and L-T3 tablets. Results: A total of 384 patients answered the questionnaire, and 293 responders were included. Sixty-nine percent of the responders had six or more symptoms, and 84% reported a treatment effect. Forty-four percent of the responders received their prescriptions from general practitioners; 50% received desiccated thyroid and 28% reported that they adjust their dose themselves. Responders followed by general practitioners more frequently received desiccated thyroid and adjusted their dose themselves. Conclusions: Increased media focus has changed the prescription pattern of thyroid hormones; European guidelines on T4/T3 combination therapy are not always followed in Denmark and many patients adjust their medication themselves and may therefore be at risk of overtreatment.
Magnetic structure of an oceanic core complex at the southernmost Central Indian Ridge: Analysis of shipboard and deep‐sea three‐component magnetometer data

We investigated the magnetic structure of an oceanic core complex (OCC) at the southernmost Central Indian Ridge (CIR) near 25°S on the basis of newly collected magnetic and bathymetric data and submersible dives. The OCC is located off‐axis on the western flank of the CIR and is characterized by typical megamullion morphology with flow line–parallel corrugations. The OCC is similar in size to those found along the Mid‐Atlantic Ridge (MAR), but the CIR OCC formed in an estimated 0.8 Ma, which is slightly shorter than the average time for the formation of OCCs along the MAR. The magnetization intensity over the CIR OCC is quite weak compared to that over adjacent seafloor of the same age. Mostly gabbroic rocks were recovered from outcrops during submersible dives. Fault rocks were also recovered from the corrugated surface, suggesting that the OCC surface represents the plane of a detachment fault. Although the magnetization intensity is rather low, we were able to identify the Brunhes‐Matuyama boundary and the Jaramillo and Olduvai subchrons on and around the OCC using vector magnetic analysis. Over the OCC, the Jaramillo subchron, which cannot be recognized from magnetic data acquired at the sea surface, was identified using data from a magnetometer attached to a submersible. The locus of this subchron is consistent with that observed over the seafloor adjacent to the OCC. Combining the results of magnetic survey and rock sampling, we would like to point out the possibility that the gabbroic rocks constituted the OCC and preserved seafloor‐spreading history, although there are several interpretations of the low magnetization.
Observational Cohort Study of Ventricular Arrhythmia in Adults with Marfan Syndrome Caused by FBN1 Mutations

Background Marfan syndrome is associated with ventricular arrhythmia but risk factors including FBN1 mutation characteristics require elucidation. Methods and Results We performed an observational cohort study of 80 consecutive adults (30 men, 50 women aged 42±15 years) with Marfan syndrome caused by FBN1 mutations. We assessed ventricular arrhythmia on baseline ambulatory electrocardiography as >10 premature ventricular complexes per hour (>10 PVC/h), as ventricular couplets (Couplet), or as non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (nsVT), and during 31±18 months of follow-up as ventricular tachycardia (VT) events (VTE) such as sudden cardiac death (SCD), and sustained ventricular tachycardia (sVT). We identified >10 PVC/h in 28 (35%), Couplet/nsVT in 32 (40%), and VTE in 6 patients (8%), including 3 with SCD (4%). PVC>10/h, Couplet/nsVT, and VTE exhibited increased N-terminal pro–brain natriuretic peptide serum levels(P<.001). All arrhythmias related to increased NT-proBNP (P<.001), where PVC>10/h and Couplet/nsVT also related to increased indexed end-systolic LV diameters (P = .024 and P = .020), to moderate mitral valve regurgitation (P = .018 and P = .003), and to prolonged QTc intervals (P = .001 and P = .006), respectively. Moreover, VTE related to mutations in exons 24–32 (P = .021). Kaplan–Meier analysis corroborated an association of VTE with increased NT-proBNP (P<.001) and with mutations in exons 24–32 (P<.001). Conclusions Marfan syndrome with causative FBN1 mutations is associated with an increased risk for arrhythmia, and affected persons may require life-long monitoring. Ventricular arrhythmia on electrocardiography, signs of myocardial dysfunction and mutations in exons 24–32 may be risk factors of VTE.
MERLIN observations of relativistic ejections from GRS 1915+105

We present high resolution MERLIN radio images of multiple relativistic ejections from GRS 1915+105 in 1997 October / November. The observations were made at a time of complex radio behaviour, corresponding to multiple optically-thin outbursts and several days of rapid radio flux oscillations. This activity followed � 20 days of a plateau state of inverted-spectrum radio emission and hard, quasi-stable X-ray emission. The radio imaging resolved four major ejection events from the system. As previously reported from earlier VLA observations of the source, we observe apparent superluminal motions resulting from intrinsically relativistic motions of the ejecta. However, our measured proper motions are significantly greater than those observed on larger angular scales with the VLA. Under the assumption of an intrinsically symmetric ejection, we can place an upper limit on the distance to GRS 1915+105 of 11.2 ± 0.8 kpc. Solutions for the velocities unambiguously require a higher intrinsic speed by about 0.1c than that derived from the earlier VLA observations, whilst the angle to the line-of-sight is not found to be significantly different. At a distance of 11 kpc, we obtain solutions of v = 0.98 +0.02 0.05c and � = 66±2 degrees. The jet also appears to be curved on a scale which corresponds to a period of around 7 days. We observe significant evolution of the linear polarisation of the approaching component, with large rotations in position angle and a general decrease in fractional polarisation. This may be due to increasing randomisation of the magnetic field within the ejected component. We do not at any time detect significant linear polarisation from the core, including periods when the flux density from this region is dominated by radio oscillations. The power input into the formation of the jet is very large, � 10 38 erg s 1 at 11 kpc for a pair plasma. If the plasma contains a cold proton for each electron, then the mass outflow rate, � 10 18 g s 1 is comparable to inflow rates
Measurement Error and Causal Discovery

Algorithms for causal discovery emerged in the early 1990s and have since proliferated [4, 10]. After directed acyclic graphical representations of causal structures (causal graphs) were connected to conditional independence relations (the Causal Markov Condition1 and dseparation2), graphical characterizations of Markov equivalence classes of causal graphs (patterns) soon followed, along with pointwise consistent algorithms to search for patterns. Researchers in Philosophy, Statistics, and Computer Science have produced constraint-based algorithms, score-based algorithms, information-theoretic algorithms, algorithms for linear models with non-Gaussian errors, algorithms for systems that involve causal feedback, algorithms for equivalence classes that contain unmeasured common causes, algorithms for time-series, algorithms for handling both experimental and non-experimental data, algorithms for dealing with datasets that overlap on a proper subset of their variables, and algorithms for discovering the measurement model structure for psychometric models involving dozens of “indicators”. In many cases we have proofs of the asymptotic reliability of these algorithms, and in almost all cases we have simulation studies that give us some sense of the finite-sample accuracy of these algorithms. The FGES algorithm (Fast Greedy Equivalence Search, [6]), which we feature here, is highly accurate in a wide variety of circumstances and is computationally tractable on a million variables for sparse graphs. Many algorithms have been applied to serious scientific problems like distinguishing between Autistic and neurotypical subjects from fMRI data [2], and interest in the field seems to be exploding.
The evolution of Sidoarjo hot mudflow (Lusi), Indonesia

A spectacular hot mudflow in Sidoarjo on May 29, 2006 seized the attention of many people ranging from the general public, government, to experts related from within the local and abroad. Sidoarjo hot mudflow until now still flowing and this geological evidence has not shown any signs of stopping in the near future and causing a great impact on the surrounding environment and socio-economic life of the community as well as raising other speculation against to this geological evidence. The regional geology of hot mud discharge areas in between the edge of a volcanic arc and back arc basin. This event shows the discharge of material from subsurface layer containing a higher pressure clay from hydrostatic pressure (over pressure shale), very plastic and possibly even in mobile (hydrodynamic) conditions. It is very common in the ellisional basin called mud volcano, although there are differences in the characteristics of LUSI with other mud volcanoes, which are temperature about 100 °C on the surface with a discharge of 150,000 m3 / day. For nearly 12 (twelve) years of flowing, observation activities and measurement of characteristics and behavior continue to be convergence with geological, geochemical, geophysical and geodetic approaches. The results of the fluid geochemical analysis show that LUSI has already related to geothermal phenomena [16,18]. The result of geological structure analysis shows the existence of piercement structure crossing through the center of eruption while the geodesy analysis using InSAR indicates there are some areas that subsidence and some are uplifted [1] . Based on the results of various approaches and a comprehensive analysis shows that the hot mudflow Sidoarjo has evolved for characteristics, the ratio of the enlarged water, the constant temperature around 100 °C that show to the of volcano signature or it is making of the Neovolcanism.