Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Affective responses to consumer situations

The behavioural perspective model of consumer choice (bpm) proposes three structural components of consumer situations from which consumers' verbal responses to consumption environments can be predicted. These are utilitarian reinforcement, informational reinforcement and behaviour setting scope. It is argued that pleasure, arousal and dominance, presented by Mehrabian and Russell as environmentally determined affective reactions, are respectively feasible verbal responses to these structural components. Consumers (N = 561) completed Mehrabian and Russell's measures of these affective reactions and of approach-avoidance for one of four ranges of verbally expressed consumption situations derived from the model. The results indicate that, for these theoretically grounded ranges of consumer situations, approach-avoidance is satisfactorily explained by pleasure, arousal and dominance. Further, mean differences in these affective variables between situations which, the bpm argues, show distinct patterns of rei.
Predicting Retweeting Behavior on Breast Cancer Social Networks: Network and Content Characteristics

This study explored how social media, especially Twitter, serves as a viable place for communicating about cancer. Using a 2-step analytic method that combined social network analysis and computer-aided content analysis, this study investigated (a) how different types of network structures explain retweeting behavior and (b) which types of tweets are retweeted and why some messages generate more interaction among users. The analysis revealed that messages written by users who had a higher number of followers, a higher level of personal influence over the interaction, and closer relationships and similarities with other users were retweeted. In addition, a tweet with a higher level of positive emotion was more likely to be retweeted, whereas a tweet with a higher level of tentative words was less likely to be retweeted. These findings imply that Twitter can be an effective tool for the dissemination of health information. Theoretical and practical implications for psychosocial interventions for people with health concerns are discussed.
Reduced Fat Oxidation Rates During Submaximal Exercise in Adolescents with Crohn's Disease

Background:Children with Crohn's disease (CD) suffer from malnutrition. Understanding substrate utilization during exercise may help patients with CD sustain a healthy active lifestyle without compromising nutrition. The aim of this study was to determine whether substrate utilization and bioavailability during exercise are altered in children with CD compared with controls. Methods:Seven children with CD (mean age ± SD: 15.2 ± 2.3 yr) and 7 controls (14.4 ± 2.3 yr) were matched by sex and biological age. Participants completed 60 minutes of cycling at an intensity equivalent to 50% of their peak mechanical power. Rates of total fat and carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation, the amount of fat and CHO oxidized, and the contribution of fat and CHO to total energy expenditure were calculated from expired gases collected during exercise. Blood was collected before, during, and at the end of exercise and analyzed for insulin, free fatty acids, and glucose. Results:Whole-body fat oxidation rate (expressed in mg · kg−1 of body weight per min) during exercise was lower in children with CD (5.8 ± 1.0) compared with controls (8.0 ± 2.2, P < 0.05). Children with CD relied significantly more on CHO, with approximately 10% greater contribution toward total energy expenditure (P < 0.05) than controls. There were no differences in plasma insulin, free fatty acids, or glucose between the groups. Conclusions:Fat metabolism during exercise seems to be impaired in children with CD. A greater reliance on CHO is required to meet the energy demands of submaximal exercise.
Recovery of elbow motion following pediatric lateral condylar fractures of the humerus.

BACKGROUND Temporary elbow stiffness is often seen after a lateral condylar fracture of the distal end of the humerus in children. There are scant scientific data available to assess the expected time frame for return of elbow motion after these injuries. The purpose of this study is to provide a prospective, longitudinal evaluation of elbow motion in a large group of pediatric patients undergoing treatment for a lateral condylar fracture of the distal end of the humerus. METHODS We prospectively evaluated 141 patients with lateral humeral condylar fractures at a mean age of 5.2 years and with a mean follow-up of twenty-nine weeks. The patients were treated with cast immobilization, percutaneous pinning, or open reduction and internal fixation on the basis of the initial displacement. Elbow motion was followed longitudinally at clinic visits. Relative arc of motion was calculated as a percentage of the motion of the normal, contralateral elbow. RESULTS The mean relative arc of motion at the time of cast removal was 44%, reaching 84% by week 12. By weeks 18, 24, 36, and 48, the relative arc of motion reached 87%, 90%, 93%, and 97%, respectively. Compared with fractures treated without surgery, those treated surgically had a significantly lower absolute arc of motion from the time of cast removal (p = 0.018) and up to eighteen weeks after the injury (p < 0.001); however, no significant difference was observed at eighteen weeks or beyond. For patients treated surgically, no significant difference in relative arc of motion was observed between the patients with closed or open reductions. The age of the patient (hazard ratio = 0.87, p = 0.008), length of immobilization (hazard ratio = 0.79, p = 0.03), and severity of the fracture (hazard ratio = 0.40, p < 0.0001) were independent predictors of recovery of elbow motion after a lateral humeral condylar fracture in children. CONCLUSIONS An initial rapid recovery in elbow motion can be expected after a lateral humeral condylar fracture in a child, with progressive improvements for up to one year after the injury. This recovery is slower if the patient is older, has a longer period of immobilization, and has a more severe injury.
The Nature, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Neuroticism

We highlight the role of neuroticism in the development and course of emotional disorders and make a case for shifting the focus of intervention to this higher-order dimension of personality. Recent decades have seen great emphasis placed on differentiating disorders into Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders diagnoses; however, evidence has suggested that splitting disorders into such fine categories may be highlighting relatively trivial differences. Emerging research on the latent structure of anxiety and mood disorders has indicated that trait neuroticism, cultivated through genetic, neurobiological, and psychological factors, underscores the development of these disorders. We raise the possibility of a new approach for conceptualizing these disorders—as emotional disorders. From a service-delivery point of view, we explore the possibility that neuroticism may be more malleable than previously thought and may possibly be amenable to direct intervention. The public-health implications of directly treating and even preventing the development of neuroticism would be substantial.
Posttranslational Cleavage and Adaptor Protein Complex-dependent Trafficking of Mucolipin-1*

Mucolipin-1 (ML1) is a member of the transient receptor potential ion channel superfamily that is thought to function in the biogenesis of lysosomes. Mutations in ML1 result in mucolipidosis type IV, a lysosomal storage disease characterized by the intracellular accumulation of enlarged vacuolar structures containing phospholipids, sphingolipids, and mucopolysaccharides. Little is known about how ML1 trafficking or activity is regulated. Here we have examined the processing and trafficking of ML1 in a variety of cell types. We find that a significant fraction of ML1 undergoes cell type-independent cleavage within the first extracellular loop of the protein during a late step in its biosynthetic delivery. To determine the trafficking route of ML1, we systematically examined the effect of ablating adaptor protein complexes on the localization of this protein. Whereas ML1 trafficking was not apparently affected in fibroblasts from mocha mice that lack functional adaptor protein complex (AP)-3, small interfering RNA-mediated knockdown revealed a requirement for AP-1 in Golgi export of ML1. Knockdown of functional AP-2 had no effect on ML1 localization. Interestingly, cleavage of ML1 was not compromised in AP-1-deficient cells, suggesting that proteolysis occurs in a prelysosomal compartment, possibly the trans-Golgi network. Our results suggest that posttranslational processing of ML1 is more complex than previously described and that this protein is delivered to lysosomes primarily via an AP-1-dependent route that does not involve passage via the cell surface.
Retinoic acid‐induced gut tropism improves the protective capacity of Treg in acute but not in chronic gut inflammation

Treg are endowed with immunosuppressive activities and have been proposed as promising targets for the therapy of autoimmune diseases. As the suppressive capacity of Treg depends on their migration into the affected tissues, we tested here whether modulation of Treg homing would enhance their capacity to suppress inflammation in mouse models of inflammatory bowel disease. Retinoic acid (RA) was used to induce the gut‐specific homing receptor α4β7 efficiently and, to some extent, the chemokine receptor CCR9 on in vitro expanded Treg. Upon transfer, RA‐treated Treg were indeed more potent suppressors in an acute, small intestinal inflammation model, compared with Treg stimulated without RA. By contrast, the efficacy of Treg to resolve an established, chronic inflammation of the colon in the transfer colitis model was not affected by RA‐treatment. In the latter model, a rapid loss of RA‐induced α4β7 expression and de novo induction of α4β7 on previously negative cells was observed on transferred Treg, which implies that Treg acquire gut‐seeking properties in vivo under inflammatory and/or lymphopenic conditions. Together, our data show that the induction of appropriate homing properties prior to transfer increases the protective potential of adoptively transferred Treg in acute, but not in chronic, inflammatory disorders of the gut.
Promoting research on the uses of biodiversity and correcting misconceptions

Bioprospecting has frequently been cited as a sustainable use of biodiversity. Nevertheless, the level of bioprospecting in biodiversity-rich tropical regions falls below its potential, with the result that bioprospecting has produced only limited economic benefits. "We present a bioprospecting program that, in addition to promoting drug discovery, provides economic benefits to and promotes conservation in Panama through the sustainable use of biodiversity. The program was initiated using insights from 20 years ofnonapplied ecological research to enhance the likelihood of finding treatments for human disease. Samples are not sent abroad; rather, most of the research is carried out in Panamanian laboratories. Panama has received immediate benefits for the use of its biodiversity in the form of research funding derived from sources outside Panama, training for young Panamanian scientists, and enhanced laboratory infrastructure. Over the long term, discoveries derived from bioprospecting may help to establish research-based industries in Panama.
Performance management coaching: servant leadership and gender implications

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to consider theoretically the relationships between performance management, a servant leadership style and leader gender, drawing from Hackman and Wageman's theory of team coaching to suggest a servant leadership style being optimally suited to support the different leadership roles enacted at different stages of the performance management cycle. While recent research suggests that female managers may be more likely to enact a servant leadership style, team and process‐level considerations have yet to be addressed. This paper aims to theoretically address this topic.Design/methodology/approach – This paper is conceptual based on theory with literature review.Findings – Because the theory of team coaching suggests differential leader task delivery at various points in the coaching process, servant leadership's individually‐centred approach is suited to team coaching, particularly in the execution of performance management coaching.Practical implications – Since resear.
The Genetic Overlap Between Hair and Eye Color

We identified the genetic variants for eye color by Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) in a Dutch Caucasian family-based population sample and examined the genetic correlation between hair and eye color using data from unrelated participants from the Netherlands Twin Register. With the Genome-wide Complex Trait Analysis software package, we found strong genetic correlations between various combinations of hair and eye colors. The strongest positive correlations were found for blue eyes with blond hair (0.87) and brown eyes with dark hair (0.71), whereas blue eyes with dark hair and brown eyes with blond hair showed the strongest negative correlations (-0.64 and -0.94, respectively). Red hair with green/hazel eyes showed the weakest correlation (-0.14). All analyses were corrected for age and sex, and we explored the effects of correcting for principal components (PCs) that represent ancestry and describe the genetic stratification of the Netherlands. When including the first three PCs as covariates, the genetic correlations between the phenotypes disappeared. This is not unexpected since hair and eye colors strongly indicate the ancestry of an individual. This makes it difficult to separate the effects of population stratification and the true genetic effects of variants on these particular phenotypes.
International Congress on Interdisciplinary Business and Social Science 2012 (ICIBSoS 2012) Emotional Labor and Burnout at Work: A Study from Turkey

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate which variables of emotional labor dimensions have a significant effect in explaining the levels of burnout of employees in the service sector. The study participants ranged in age from 23 years to 56 years, approximately 61% were female, 52% were married and the mean duration of their work was tically significant difference was found in the emotional labor and burnout variables from the results of the analysis according to gender. The highest relationship obtained in the emotional labor scale subdimensions was between faking emotions and hiding emotions ( r =0.44; p<0.01). In the explanation of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization levels of the employees, the hiding emotions variable of the emotional labor variable was found to be statistically significant. Keywords: Emotional labor, faking emotions, deep acting, hiding emotions, burnout 1. Introduction Hochschild (1993:7) defined emotional labor observable facial labor Morris and Feldman (1996) defined emotional labor as 12). These are primarily professions such as doctors, nurses, teachers, airline staff, social service experts, call centre employees and salespeople. In other words, occupations which have direct interaction with
Physical activity predicts gray matter volume in late adulthood

Objectives: Physical activity (PA) has been hypothesized to spare gray matter volume in late adulthood, but longitudinal data testing an association has been lacking. Here we tested whether PA would be associated with greater gray matter volume after a 9-year follow-up, a threshold could be identified for the amount of walking necessary to spare gray matter volume, and greater gray matter volume associated with PA would be associated with a reduced risk for cognitive impairment 13 years after the PA evaluation. Methods: In 299 adults (mean age 78 years) from the Cardiovascular Health Cognition Study, we examined the association between gray matter volume, PA, and cognitive impairment. Physical activity was quantified as the number of blocks walked over 1 week. High-resolution brain scans were acquired 9 years after the PA assessment on cognitively normal adults. White matter hyperintensities, ventricular grade, and other health variables at baseline were used as covariates. Clinical adjudication for cognitive impairment occurred 13 years after baseline. Results: Walking amounts ranged from 0 to 300 blocks (mean 56.3; SD 69.7). Greater PA predicted greater volumes of frontal, occipital, entorhinal, and hippocampal regions 9 years later. Walking 72 blocks was necessary to detect increased gray matter volume but walking more than 72 blocks did not spare additional volume. Greater gray matter volume with PA reduced the risk for cognitive impairment 2-fold. Conclusion: Greater amounts of walking are associated with greater gray matter volume, which is in turn associated with a reduced risk of cognitive impairment.
Semiconductor Ring Laser With On-Chip Filtered Optical Feedback for Discrete Wavelength Tuning

We introduce a novel concept of discretely tunable semiconductor lasers with on-chip filtered optical feedback. The integrated device is based on a semiconductor ring laser that can sustain two counter-propagating modes. By means of a directional coupler, part of the light emitted by the laser is coupled out to a feedback section integrated on the same chip. The feedback section contains two arrayed waveguide gratings and a set of semiconductor optical amplifiers to provide filtering of particular longitudinal modes sustained by the ring cavity. By controlling the current injected into the semiconductor optical amplifiers, single mode operation in both directions is achieved. In this paper, the design, characterization, and modeling of the device is presented.
Sexually transmitted diseases in Zimbabwe: a qualitative analysis of factors associated with choice of a health care facility.

BACKGROUND The control of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) through rapid and effective treatment is critical in reducing the transmission of HIV infection. This is only possible when STD patients access appropriate STD care services. OBJECTIVES To examine factors associated with choice of STD health care facility in Zimbabwe. METHODS Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were used to collect data from the following settings: Antenatal clinics, well baby clinics, long distance bus stops/market places, bars, areas (compounds) behind bars, factory sites and youth clubs. Data from 26 FGDs attended by 281 antenatal clinic attendees, 34 FGDs of 350 women attending well baby clinics, 8 FGDs of 82 women recruited at long distance bus stops/market places, 9 FGDs of 115 sex workers, 11 FGDs of 124 male factory workers, and 5 FGDs of 44 female adolescents belonging to youth clubs were analysed. RESULTS In total 93 FGDs were held of which 76 (81.7%) took place in urban areas and 17 in rural areas. Asked which health facility they would attend if they had an STD, all the different groups of the population mentioned a local clinic except for sex workers who preferred a hospital or a traditional practitioner, and male factory workers who preferred a factory clinic. Among the factors that would be considered in choosing a health facility were accessibility and affordability (stated by all groups), and privacy/ confidentiality, health care providers' attitudes, caring or professionalism (stated by all groups except male factory workers). CONCLUSION Although accessibility and affordability were the common factors mentioned by all the groups, it is important to consider group specific factors in the choice of health care facilities.
Vocational Risk Tolerance and Perceptions of Occupational Hazards

Opinions of three groups in occupations presenting some environmental health risks were compared with each other to determine the factors important to vocational risk perceptions and the effects of vocation on attitudes toward environmental hazards. Variation in attitudes among groups toward assessments of risk and the acceptability of risk exposure reflected outlooks toward the compensatory factors within one's vocation. These included availability and use of information to support preexisting conceptions of one's own and other vocations, social support, vocational identity, positive public image, and high salaries. Such compensatory factors may help explain why groups differ in their vocational risk tolerance and in attitudes toward environmental hazards.
Analysis of social work teaching material in India: the need for indigenous foundations

Social work education is organized mainly at master’s degree level because the US model which it copied was primarily at graduate level until the end of the 1960s. Since then institutions for undergraduate social work education in the USA have multiplied but in India not more than a dozen institutions offer the bachelor’s degree in social work. Just as in the USA, social work education originated outside the established university education system in India. The history of The New York School of Social Work, now part of Columbia University, and the Tata Institute of Social Sciences in Bombay, now an autonomous university, presents many similarities. ’ Out of nearly 140 Indian universities which cover about five thousand colleges, only fifteen universities have separate departments of social work, two institutions are deemed to be universities and all other social work institutions are private colleges affiliated to the universities. The pattern of affiliation and management of the twenty-one institutions included in this study shows that seven institutions are under public management (as well as four others which did not reply); six are related to the Christian Church and the rest are under private management (Government of India, 1965, 1968). Professional education for social work began in 1936, when a school of social work was set up in Bombay by the House of Tatas, one of the largest private industrial and business enterprises. The main inspiration for its establishment came from the USA mainly because its founding director was an American. This institute has not only provided the basic pattern in the past but continues to be the foremost institution in the field of social work education even today. The second institution was established in 1946, in Lucknow
Equity in health care across five nations: summary findings from an international health policy survey.

A common assumption is that access to care is more equitably distributed among income groups in countries that provide universal, publicly funded health insurance than in countries that do not. But does universal health coverage really eliminate disparities among income groups? Findings from The Commonwealth Fund 1998 International Health Policy Survey suggest that countries with universal coverage that require patient user fees and allow a substantial role for private insurance also experience inequities in access to care. This issue brief outlines major findings presented for the first time in “Health Insurance Markets and Income Inequality: Findings from an International Health Policy Survey,” published in the April 2000 issue of the journal Health Policy.The survey assessed disparities in access to health care, the financial burden of care, and perceived quality of care between people with above-average incomes and those with below-average incomes in five nations:Australia, Canada, Great Britain, New Zealand, and the United States.