Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tele Adjusting: Using Path Coding and Opportunistic Forwarding for Remote Control in WSNs

On-air access of individual sensor node (called remote control) is an indispensable function in operational wireless sensor networks, for purposes like network management and real-time information delivery. To realize reliable and efficient remote control in a wireless sensor network (WSN), however, is extremely challenging, due to the stringent resource constraints and intrinsically unrealizable wireless communication. In this paper, we propose TeleAdjusting, a ready-to-use protocol to remotely control any individual node in a WSN. We develop a coding scheme for addressing on the cost-optimal reverse routing tree. In the address of each node, all its upstream relaying nodes are implicitly encoded. Then through a distributed prefix matching process between the local address and the destination address, a packet used for remote control is forwarded along a cost-optimal path. Moreover, TeleAdjusting incorporates opportunistic forwarding into the addressing process, so as to improve the network performance in terms of reliability and energy efficiency. We implement TeleAdjusting with TinyOS and evaluate its performance through extensive simulations and experiments. The results demonstrate that compared to the existing protocols, TeleAdjusting can provide high performance of remote control, which is as reliable as network-wide flooding and much more efficient than remote control through a pre-determined path.
Expression of glomerular heparan sulphate domains in murine and human lupus nephritis.

BACKGROUND Recently, we identified specific N- and 6-O-sulphated heparan sulphate (HS) domains on activated glomerular endothelial cells. In this study, we evaluated in lupus nephritis the expression of different HS domains on glomerular endothelium and in the glomerular basement membrane (GBM). METHODS The expression of specific glomerular HS domains and the presence of immunoglobulins (Ig) were determined by immunofluorescence staining of kidney sections of patients with nephritis due to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and MRL/lpr lupus mice. The expression/presence of glomerular HS domains and Ig was also evaluated after eluting Ig from renal sections of lupus mice using two elution methods, and in renal sections of lupus mice treated with heparinoids. RESULTS Both MRL/lpr mice and patients with lupus nephritis showed a decreased expression of HS in the GBM. The expression of N- and 6-O-sulphated HS domains on glomerular endothelium was decreased in MRL/lpr mice, but increased in SLE patients. MRL/lpr mice had more extensive glomerular Ig deposits than SLE patients. After elution of Ig, the glomerular endothelial expression of N- and 6-O-sulphated HS domains in MRL/lpr mice was recovered and even increased above normal levels, while the expression of HS in the GBM was restored to normal levels. Treatment with heparinoids prevented Ig deposition and preserved the expression of glomerular HS domains at normal levels in lupus mice. CONCLUSION The expression of specific HS domains on glomerular endothelium and in the GBM is changed during lupus nephritis due to masking by Ig deposits and induction of inflammatory N- and 6-O-sulphated HS domains.
Human papillomaviruses in non-melanoma skin cancer.

Recent data suggest that additional factors, other than UV radiation, are involved in the etiology of non-melanoma skin cancer. These include alterations in the tumor suppressor genes, p53, p16$L*I*U$LINK4a$L*I$L/CDKN2A, p21$L*I*U$LWAF1/CIP1$L*I$L and the PTCH gene, as well as cytokines. Papillomavirus infections have been implicated in the etiology of non-melanoma skin cancer. The interaction of tumor suppressor genes and cytokines with the oncoproteins of high-risk mucosal HPV types have been studied in detail, but very little is known about the cutaneous HPV types. We have studied the effect of UV radiation on the URRs of HPV 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 20, 23, 27, 38, 41, and 77. Neither the CAT-expression and promoter activity of these HPV types, nor presence or absence of wild-type or mutated p53 in the cell lines used, could be related to the DNA sequence homology between the different HPV types or their biological behavior.
Review of Robot-Assisted Gait Rehabilitation after Stroke

Abstract: Regarding classical rehabilitation techniques, there is insufficient evidence to state that a particular approach is more effective in promoting gait recovery than robotic devices. More constraining devices, such as Lokomat, could be helpful at the beginning of rehabilitation and with more severely affected patients, whereas end-effector devices and then treadmill gait training with body weight support, could be more effective in more advanced stages of rehabilitation and/or in less affected patients. Robotic devices need further research to show their suitability for walking training and their effects on over-ground gait.
Consumer attitudes towards online shopping: The effects of trust, perceived benefits, and perceived web quality

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine consumer attitudes toward online shopping in Jordan. The paper introduces an integrated model which includes trust, perceived benefits, perceived web quality, and electronic word of mouth (eWOM) along with their relationships in order to examine their effects on consumer attitudes toward online shopping. Design/methodology/approach – A structured and self-administered online survey was employed targeting online shoppers of a reputable online retailer in Jordan; i.e. MarkaVIP. A sample of 273 online shoppers was involved in the online survey. A series of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were used to assess the research constructs, unidimensionality, validity, and composite reliability. Structural path model analysis was also used to test the hypothesized relationships of the research model. Findings – The empirical findings of this study indicate that consumer attitudes toward online shopping is determined by trust and perceived benefits. Trust .
Immunomodulation in Plasmodium falciparum malaria: experiments in nature and their conflicting implications for potential therapeutic agents

Effective Plasmodium falciparum immunity requires a precisely timed and balanced response of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory immune regulators. These responses begin with innate immune effectors and are modulated over the course of an infection and between episodes to limit inflammation. To date, there are no effective immunomodulatory therapies for severe malaria. Some of the most potent immunomodulators are naturally occurring infections, including helminthic and chronic viral infections. This review examines malaria coinfection with these organisms, and their impact on malaria morbidity and immune responses. Overall, there is compelling evidence to suggest that chronic coinfections can modulate deleterious malaria-specific immune responses, suggesting that therapeutic agents may be effective if utilized early in infection. Examination of the mechanisms of these effects may serve as a platform to identify more targeted and effective malaria immunomodulatory therapeutics.
The antioxidant properties of carnitine in vitro

Many of the effects of carnitine are ascribed to its antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant properties of carnitine in vitro. Carnitine was found to decolorize ABTS•+, and to protect fluorescein against bleaching induced by AAPH-derived peroxyl radicals and peroxynitrite, thiol groups against oxidation induced by hydrogen peroxide, peroxyl radicals, hypochlorite and peroxynitrite, and erythrocytes against hemolysis induced by peroxyl radicals and hypochlorite. These results show that carnitine has a direct antioxidant action against physiologically relevant oxidants.
The Risk Anomaly Tradeoff of Leverage

Higher-beta and higher-volatility equities do not earn commensurately higher returns, a pattern known as the risk anomaly. In this paper, we consider the possibility that the risk anomaly represents mispricing and develop its implications for corporate leverage. The risk anomaly generates a simple tradeoff theory: At zero leverage, the overall cost of capital falls as leverage increases equity risk, but as debt becomes riskier the marginal benefit of increasing equity risk declines. We show that there is an interior optimum and that it is reached at lower leverage for firms with high asset risk. Empirically, the risk anomaly tradeoff theory and the traditional tradeoff theory are both consistent with the finding that firms with low-risk assets choose higher leverage. More uniquely, the risk anomaly theory helps to explain why leverage is inversely related to systematic risk, holding constant total risk; why leverage is inversely related to upside risk, not just downside risk; why numerous firms maintain low or zero leverage despite high marginal tax rates; and, why other firms maintain high leverage despite little tax benefit.
Chronic Disease and Its Risk Factors Among Refugees and Asylees in Massachusetts, 2001-2005

Introduction Better understanding of the health problems of refugees and people who are granted political asylum (asylees) in the United States may facilitate successful resettlement. We examined the prevalence of risk factors for and diagnoses of chronic disease among these groups in Massachusetts. Methods We retrospectively analyzed health screening data from 4,239 adult refugees and asylees who arrived in Massachusetts from January 1, 2001, through December 31, 2005. We determined prevalence of obesity/overweight, hypertension, coronary artery disease (CAD), diabetes, and anemia. Analyses included multivariate logistic regression to determine associations between CAD and diabetes with region of origin. Results Almost half of our sample (46.8%) was obese/overweight, and 22.6% had hypertension. CAD, diabetes, and anemia were documented in 3.7%, 3.1%, and 12.8%, respectively. People from the Europe and Central Asia region were more likely than those from other regions to have CAD (odds ratio, 5.55; 95% confidence interval, 2.95-10.47). Conclusions The prevalence of obesity/overweight and hypertension was high among refugees and asylees, but the prevalence of documented CAD and diabetes was low. We noted significant regional variations in prevalence of risk factors and chronic diseases. Future populations resettling in the United States should be linked to more resources to address their long-term health care needs and to receive culturally appropriate counseling on risk reduction.
An analysis of mOSAIC ontology for Cloud resources annotation

The easiness of managing and configuring resources and the low cost needed for setup and maintaining Cloud services have made Cloud Computing widespread. Several commercial vendors now offer solutions based on Cloud architectures. More and more providers offer new different services every month, following their customers needs. Anyway, it is very hard to find a single provider which offers all services needed by end users. Furthermore, different vendors propose different architectures for their Cloud systems and usually these are not compatible. Very few efforts have been done in order to propose a unified standard for Cloud Computing. This is a problem, since different Cloud systems and vendors have different ways to describe and invoke their services, to specify requirements and to communicate. Hence a way to provide a common access to Cloud services and to discover and use required services in Cloud federations is appealing. mOSAIC project addresses these problems by defining a common ontology and it aims at developing an open-source platform that enables applications to negotiate Cloud services as requested by users. The main problem in defining the mOSAIC ontology is in the heterogeneity of terms used by Clouds vendors, and in the number of standards which refer to Cloud Systems with different terminology. In this work the mOSAIC Cloud Ontology is described. It has been built by analysing Cloud standards and proposals. The Ontology has been then refined by introducing individuals from real Cloud systems.
SRI-Sarnoff AURORA System at TRECVID 2012 Multimedia Event Detection and Recounting

In this paper, we describe the evaluation results for TRECVID 2012 Multimedia Event Detection (MED) and Multimedia Event Recounting (MER) tasks as a part of SRI-Sarnoff AURORA system that is developed under the IARPA ALDDIN program. In AURORA system, we incorporated various low-level features that capture color, appearance, motion, and audio information in videos. Based on these low-level features, we developed Fixed-Pattern and Object-Orientated spatial feature pooling, which result in significant performance improvement to our system. In addition, we collected more than 1800 concepts and designed a set of concept pooling approaches to build the Concept Based Event Representation (CBER, i.e., high-level features). We submitted six runs exploring various fusions of low-level features, high-level features, and ASR/OCR features for MED task. All runs achieve satisfactory results. In particular, two EK10Ex runs for both pre-specified events (PS-Events) and ad-hoc events (AH-Events) obtain relatively better results. In MER task, we developed an approach to provide a breakdown of the evidences of why the MED decision has been made by exploring the SVM-based event detector. Furthermore, we designed evidence specific verification and detection to reduce uncertainty and improve key evidence discovery. Our MER evaluation results for MER-to-Event are very good.
Dealing with the Trilemma: Optimal Capital Controls with Fixed Exchange Rates

We lay down a standard macroeconomic model of a small open economy with a fixed exchange rate and study optimal capital controls (defined as maximizing the utility of a representative household). We provide sharp analytical and numerical characterizations for a variety of shocks. We find that capital controls are employed to respond to some shocks but not others. They are particularly effective to address risk-premium shocks that affect the interest rate differential foreign investors require in a particular country. We also discuss how the solution depends on the degree of nominal rigidity and the openness of the economy. We show that capital controls may be optimal even if the exchange rate is not fixed in response to risk premium shocks or if wages, in addition to prices, are sticky. Finally, we compare the single country's optimum to a coordinated world solution. Our results show a limited need for coordination. However, the uncoordinated solution features the same capital controls as the coordinated solution.
Men Smelling Women: Null Effects of Exposure to Ovulatory Sweat on Men's Testosterone

Males of many species, humans included, exhibit rapid testosterone increases after exposure to conspecific females. Female chemical stimuli are sufficient to trigger these responses in many nonhuman species, which raises the possibility of similar effects in humans. Recently, Miller and Maner (2010) reported that smelling T-shirts worn by women near ovulation can trigger testosterone responses in men; however, men were aware that they were smelling women's scents, and thus mental imagery associated with that knowledge may have contributed to the hormone responses. Here, we collected axillary sweat samples from women on days near ovulation. In a crossover design, men who were not explicitly aware of the specific stimuli smelled the sweat samples in one session and water samples in a second session. There were no differences in testosterone responses across the experimental conditions. Our null findings suggest that the relevant chemical signal is not found in axillary sweat, and/or that knowledge of the stimulus source is necessary for hormone responses. These results thus suggest boundary conditions for the effects reported in Miller and Maner (2010), and recommend further research to define the precise circumstances under which men's testosterone may respond to chemosensory cues from women.
Cross-Lingual Morphological Tagging for Low-Resource Languages

Morphologically rich languages often lack the annotated linguistic resources required to develop accurate natural language processing tools. We propose models suitable for training morphological taggers with rich tagsets for low-resource languages without using direct supervision. Our approach extends existing approaches of projecting part-of-speech tags across languages, using bitext to infer constraints on the possible tags for a given word type or token. We propose a tagging model using Wsabie, a discriminative embeddingbased model with rank-based learning. In our evaluation on 11 languages, on average this model performs on par with a baseline weakly-supervised HMM, while being more scalable. Multilingual experiments show that the method performs best when projecting between related language pairs. Despite the inherently lossy projection, we show that the morphological tags predicted by our models improve the downstream performance of a parser by +0.6 LAS on average.
An empirical investigation of the relationship between strategic performance measurement systems , role clarity , psychological empowerment and work outcomes

This study examines the effect of strategic performance measurement systems (PMS) on managers’ role clarity, psychological empowerment, job satisfaction and managerial performance. Data were collected using a survey of 83 strategic business unit managers from Australian manufacturing organisations. Consistent with the need to define the underlying theoretical properties of management accounting practices (Luft and Shields 2003), the study identifies comprehensiveness as an information characteristic of strategic PMS. Results show that strategic PMS is not directly associated with managerial performance. Rather, strategic PMS has an indirect positive association with managerial performance through psychological empowerment and role clarity. Results show that strategic PMS is positively associated with all four dimensions of psychological empowerment (meaning, competence, self-determination and impact), with dimensions of psychological empowerment positively associated with job satisfaction and managerial performance. Further results show that strategic PMS is positively associated with two dimensions of role clarity (goal clarity and process clarity), which, in turn, is positively associated with psychological empowerment, job satisfaction and managerial performance. The results indicate that the comprehensiveness of strategic PMS provides performance information that improves managers’ psychological empowerment and clarifies managers’ role expectations, which, in turn, improve managerial performance.
International Journal of Hospitality Management the Effects of Transaction-specific Satisfactions and Integrated Satisfaction on Customer Loyalty

Integrated resorts provide different leisure services including casinos, hotels, food and beverage (F&B), and shopping. Tourists staying in an integrated resort would experience a wide range of transactional services. This study aims to investigate the relative influence of each transactional service on the level of integrated satisfaction within an integrated resort and their effects on customer loyalty. Partial least squares analysis is used to analyze the data collected from 601 tourists in Macau. The main findings are as follows: integrated satisfaction is influenced by transaction-specific satisfactions in different levels; integrated satisfaction has a strong direct influence on customer loyalty; and integrated satisfaction has a fully mediating effect on F&B satisfaction/customer loyalty, a partially mediating effects on hotel and casino satisfaction/customer loyalty, and a partially mediating and moderating effect on shopping satisfactions/customer loyalty.
Spectrum of low density lipoprotein receptor mutations in Czech hypercholesterolemic patients

The aim of our study was to define mutations causing familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) phenotype in Czech hypercholesterolemic individuals. A combination of heteroduplex analysis, SSCP, DGGE, DNA sequencing and PCR/restriction analysis was used for this purpose. Molecular searching in the promoter region and coding sequence of the low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) gene in 130 patients from 68 unrelated families resulted in the identification of 37 sequence variations. Thirty of them are most likely disease causing mutations. Nineteen mutations were novel (two nonsense, five missense, six nucleotide(s) insertions and six nucleotide(s) deletions). Their pathological effect can be predicted on the basis of their position with respect to previously reported mutations with an estimated reduction of the receptor activity and/or premature termination of translation. These results expand our knowledge of mutations responsible for FH. Seven nucleotide variations were characterized as silent polymorphisms. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Perisaccadic Mislocalization Orthogonal to Saccade Direction Whereas under normal conditions perceptual stability is preserved during saccades , the perception of the position of objects flashed shortly before or during a

This effect even Germany occurs for objects flashed before the start of the sac-cade (Honda, 1995; Cai et al., 1997). With background illumination or visual references available, objects pre-Summary sented beyond the target position are shifted backward along saccade direction toward the target (Ross et al., Saccadic eye movements transiently distort percep-1997; Morrone et al., 1997; Lappe et al., 2000). These tual space. Visual objects flashed shortly before or short-term perceptual errors are believed to be related during a saccade are mislocalized along the saccade to the processes that subserve transsaccadic percep-direction, resembling a compression of space around tual stability of vision. the saccade target. These mislocalizations reflect tran-A model of these observed mislocalizations was sient errors of processes that construct spatial stabil-based on the retinal eccentricity of the mapping of the ity across eye movements. They may arise from errors flashed object on the retina (Morrone et al., 1997). The of reference signals associated with saccade direction calculation of the perceived position involved three and amplitude or from visual or visuomotor remapping components: the shift of the coordinate system caused processes focused on the saccade target's position. by the saccade, the compression of the metric of space The second case would predict apparent position during saccades, and the eye position at object presen-shifts toward the target also in directions orthogonal tation time. While the shift component in this model to the saccade. We report that such orthogonal mislo-could correspond to an efference copy signal, the origin calization indeed occurs. Surprisingly, however, the of the compression component is less obvious. A contri-orthogonal mislocalization is restricted to only part of bution of visual factors is likely, because the compres-the visual field. This part comprises distant positions in sion component is strongest when visual reference ob-saccade direction but does not depend on the target's jects are present at saccade offset (Lappe et al., 2000). position. Our findings can be explained by a combina-Several brain structures have been hypothetically tion of directional and positional reference signals that linked to effects of perisaccadic mislocalization. As mis-varies in time course across the visual field. localization occurred for objects presented before the saccade, regions active before saccade onset are possi-Introduction ble candidates. In the superior colliculus (SC), for example , neurons are active about 40 ms after target presen-Saccades are quick, goal-directed eye movements that tation and 200 ms before the start of a saccade (Walker …