Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Percutaneous Surgical Technique for Persistent Tennis Elbow: A Comparative Study

“Tennis Elbow” or Lateral Epicondylitis is a painful syndrome of the elbow which affects a large portion of the adult population, such as heavy labour workers and athletes. The aim of this comparative study is the investigation of the results of the percutaneous technique as a surgical treatment method compared to the conservative treatment for people suffering from this syndrome. Fourty-six patients with 52 suffering elbows constituted the group that was treated surgically and 51 patients with 59 suffering elbows constituted the group that was treated conservatively. The Verhaar et al. scoring system was used for the evaluation of the treatment results both preoperatively or before the beginning of the conservative treatment and 15 days and one, two, four and six months postoperatively. The Verhaar et al. scoring system was also used for the evaluation of the pain, the local sensitivity, the hand grip with the use of a dynamometer and the elbow’s and forearm’s range of motion (ROM) with the use of a goniometer. It has been demonstrated that the percutaneous technique is superior to the conservative treatment because it provides better results. In addition, the patients who were treated with the percutaneous technique developed a greater range of motion (ROM) in the elbow extension, the supination and mainly in the pronation of the forearm in the reevaluations compared to the conservatively treated group. In conclusion, the percutaneous release of the extensor tendons in the elbow, in cases of the “Tennis Elbow” syndrome, provides very good results. At the same time it is an easier and safer procedure compared to other surgical techniques.
THE COMPARISON STUDY OF 5 FLUOROURACIL VS. CRYOTHERAPY IN THE TREATMENT OF THE BACKHAND RESISTANT COMMON WART

Introduction: Wart is a common disease which is caused by a group of viruses called Human Papilloma Virus. The most prevalent type of wart is common wart and the most prevalent site of involvement is hands. Complete recovery, no recurrency and effectiveness in all patients are not obtained by any of therapeutic methods, so in this study we decided to compare therapeutic effects of 5 Fluorouracil (FU) with cryotherapy in treatment of common warts of backhand. Material and Methods: In this study, in a one year period from March 2012 to March 2013, 60 patients that referred to dermatology clinic of Sina hospital included the study with the diagnosis of backhand wart . Patients were divided into two groups of treatment, one treated with cryotherapy (30 patients) and one threated with 5 FU (30 patients). Age and gender of patients, number of lesions and duration of involvement were documented. Treatment by topical 5 FU was implemented for 4 weeks, twice a day for 4 hours each course. Second group was treated by cryotherapy (liquid nitrogen spray, two sessions with a two-week interval between sessions). Their response to treatment was evaluated as good, moderate and weak. Results: There was no difference in age, gender and mean of duration of involvement and number of lesions between two groups. Response to treatment was considerably better in 5 FU group (p=0.02). Also rate of relapse and complications were lower in 5 FU group of treatment, with a statistically significant difference compared to the cryotherapy group (P<0.001). In separate evaluation of complications only scar formation was equal in two groups and pain and bullae formation were lower in 5 FU group with a statistically significant difference (P<0.001 both). Conclusions: According to limited studies in this field, results of this study could be the base of more comprehensive studies in evaluating the efficacy of 5 FU in treatment of common warts. Appropriate therapeutic response in addition to lower rates of relapse and complications by 5 FU treatments can make a major change and lower the psychosocial burden of this disease dramatically.
Practical determination of impulse sample power boosting factor in impulse postfix OFDM systems

An impulse postfix OFDM (IP-OFDM) system, which performs channel estimation in time-domain by exploiting the IP instead of pilot tones, has recently been proposed by Chang et al. Although the proposed system can achieve the enhanced bit error rate (BER) performance compared to that of conventional OFDM systems, there is an important peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) issue of using the IP that needs to be resolved. In this letter, we propose decision criteria for determining the power boosting factor (PBF) of IP in practical IP-OFDM systems with a high power amplifier (HPA). The analysis is performed with two criteria, the complementary cumulative distribution function of signal PAPR and the input back-off to determine the PBF of IP. The best PBF can be the one which gives an equal power to the IP and the rest of the OFDM symbol. From the analytic results, however, the PBF maximizing the power of the IP out of the HPA turns out to be the best one due to the non-linearities of the HPA. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed decision criteria for IP-OFDM systems.
Gender Differences in Periodontal Status and Oral Hygiene of Non-Diabetic and Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Background: This study investigated gender dependent differences by the comparison of periodontal status and oral hygiene between diabetic patients and non-diabetic subjects. Methods: 517 mostly obese subjects (171 non-diabetic, 205 type 2 diabetic with oral and 141 with insulin therapy; mean: 59 years) completed an oral hygiene questionnaire and had a clinical examination, including periodontal screening and recording (PSR), percentage of bleeding teeth (PBT), probing pocket depth (PD), gingivitis index (GI), and number of teeth (Tn). Main parameters were “periodontitis” and “oral hygiene behaviour”, each defined by 5 sub-parameters. For a comparison of all results, each sub-parameter was set 0.2. The “low performance index“ (LoP) was the sum of significantly worse sub-parameters in the compared groups (maximum of low performing = 1.0). Results: Gender comparison: In non-diabetic and diabetic patients with oral medication, males performed worse (LoP: periodontitis 0.6 - 0.8; oral hygiene 0.4 - 0.6). The male insulin group performed worse oral hygiene (LoP: 0.4) than females with insulin therapy, whereas the periodontal status showed no difference. Diabetic and non-diabetic groups: Females: Diabetic groups performed worse than non-diabetics (LoP: periodontitis 0.2 - 1.0; oral hygiene 0.4). Insulin patients had worse periodontal status and showed no difference in oral hygiene when compared to diabetic patients with oral medication (LoP: 0.2). Males: Diabetic group with oral medication had worse periodontal status than non-diabetics (LoP: 0.6). Conclusions: The periodontal status was mainly due to oral hygiene behaviour, which was worse in men. Apparently behaviour and not diabetes is the major determinant of periodontitis. Men apparently need much more advise than women.
Wireless Link Scheduling With Power Control and SINR Constraints

The problem of determining a minimal length schedule to satisfy given link demands in a wireless network is considered. Links are allowed to be simultaneously active if no node can simultaneously transmit and receive, no node can transmit to or receive from more than one node at a time, and a given signal-to-interference and noise ratio (SINR) is exceeded at each receiver when transmitters use optimally chosen transmit powers. We show that a) the general problem is at least as hard as the MAX-SIR-MATCHING problem, which is easier to describe and b) when the demands have a superincreasing property the problem is tractable
Effect of carbohydrate limitation on degradation and utilization of casein by mixed rumen bacteria.

Mixed rumen bacteria were incubated in media containing salts, ammonia, vitamins, volatile fatty acids, sulfide, and casein. When initial cell density was 1.0 absorbance unit and mixed carbohydrates (glucose, sucrose, maltose, cellobiose, and soluble starch) were provided at 0, 40, 80, and 160 mg/liter per h, cell growth was limited by carbohydrates, average bacterial growth rate was slow (less than .07/h), and types of bacteria did not appear to change during 7 h. Growth was small if casein was the sole source of energy. Addition of casein to incubations fed carbohydrates caused cell yield to double. Casein hydrolysis was accompanied by marked accumulation of peptides that were metabolized slowly by rumen bacteria. High pressure liquid chromatography indicated that the peptide pool was composed primarily of four fractions. Carbohydrate availability or bacterial growth had little influence on proteolysis or peptide accumulation. Ammonia production was always inversely proportional to rate of carbohydrate feeding. Nitrogen-15 labeling studies indicated that 66% of the cell nitrogen was derived directly from casein at all rates of carbohydrate addition. If average bacterial growth rate was approximately . 07/h, little casein entered the ammonia pool even though large amounts of peptide or casein remained undegraded.
Evolution of dust in the Orion Bar with Herschel

Context . Interstellar dust is a key element in our understanding of the interstellar medium and star formation. The manner in which dust populations evolve with the excitation and the physical conditions is a first step in comprehending the evolution of interstellar dust. Aims . Within the framework of the Evolution of interstellar dust Herschel key programme, we have acquired PACS and SPIRE spectrophotometric observations of various photodissociation regions, to characterise this evolution. The aim of this paper is to trace the evolution of dust grains in the Orion Bar photodissociation region. Methods . We used Herschel /PACS (70 and 160 μm) and SPIRE (250, 350 and 500 μm) together with Spitzer /IRAC observations to map the spatial distribution of the dust populations across the Bar. Brightness profiles were modelled using the DustEM model coupled with a radiative transfer code. Results . Thanks to Herschel , we are able to probe in great detail the dust emission of the densest parts of the Orion Bar with a resolution from 5.6″ to 35.1″. These new observations allow us to infer the temperature of the biggest grains at different positions in the Bar, which reveals a gradient from ~70 K to 35 K coupled with an increase of the spectral emissivity index from the ionization front to the densest regions. Combining Spitzer /IRAC observations, which are sensitive to the dust emission from the surface, with Herschel maps, we were able to measure the Orion Bar emission from 3.6 to 500 μm. We find a stratification in the different dust components that can be quantitatively reproduced by a simple radiative transfer model without dust evolution (diffuse interstellar medium abundances and optical properties). However, including dust evolution is needed to explain the brightness in each band. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) abundance variations, or a combination of PAH abundance variations with an enhancement of the biggest grain emissivity caused by coagulation give good results. Another hypothesis is to consider a length of the Bar along the line of sight different at the ionization front than in the densest parts.
New interpretive criteria for danofloxacin antibacterial susceptibility testing against Mannheimia haemolytica and Pasteurella multocida associated with bovine respiratory disease

Danofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibacterial agent approved for use in veterinary medicine to treat and control bovine respiratory disease caused by Mannheimia haemolytica or Pasteurella multocida. Susceptible minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) breakpoint (≤0.25 µg/mL) and disk diffusion interpretive criteria (≥22 mm) values for danofloxacin against M. haemolytica and P. multocida were first approved by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) in 2003. However, intermediate and resistant breakpoint values were not established because only susceptible wild-type populations were evident at the time of breakpoint approvals. Since then, nonsusceptible isolates of M. haemolytica and P. multocida have been identified. We report danofloxacin intermediate MIC breakpoint (0.5 µg/mL) and disk diffusion interpretive criteria (18–21 mm), as well as danofloxacin-resistant MIC breakpoint (≥1 µg/mL) and disk diffusion interpretive criteria (≤17 mm), based on scattergram plots of MIC values versus disk zone diameters and calculated error-bound rates using M. haemolytica and P. multocida isolates recovered from bovine respiratory disease in North America in 2004–2014. These newly established intermediate and resistant clinical breakpoint values have been endorsed by CLSI and can be used for interpreting results from antibacterial susceptibility testing of danofloxacin against M. haemolytica and P. multocida isolated from bovine respiratory disease.
Internet Use by Transition-Aged Youths with Visual Impairments in the United States: Assessing the Impact of Postsecondary Predictors

Introduction Youths and adults without disabilities have been increasing the regularity of their online connectivity at a rapid pace, as previous research has indicated. The study presented here examined the degree to which transition-aged youths with visual impairments have used the Internet and what outcomes they have achieved following their graduation from high school. Methods The authors conducted a secondary analysis of the National Longitudinal Transition Study–2 (NLTS2) database and assessed a nationally representative sample of youths with visual impairments who were making the transition from high school to further education or work. The descriptive analysis showed estimates of Internet use among these youths during three periods (2005, 2007, and 2009). Multilevel longitudinal modeling was used to analyze the change in the prevalence of Internet use as the youths matured and to assess the impact of postsecondary opportunities on online communication. Results Across the three waves of data collection, an average of 43% of the transition-aged youths with visual impairments used the Internet regularly for online communication. There was no significant change in the use of the Internet as these young people matured (p = .06). The youths who used the Internet for regular online communication were significantly more likely to be engaged in postsecondary work (p < .01), education or training (p < .01), or volunteering and engaging in community service (p < .01). Discussion The study showed that transition-aged youths with visual impairments are not progressing at rates commensurate with their peers without disabilities in the vital area of Internet use. Their best performance, in Wave 5, was 49%; compared to 93% of youths without disabilities in the same year. The positive impact of participation in postsecondary opportunities on the likelihood of online connectivity is demonstrated. Implications for practitioners Implications for lifelong success in today's technology-driven society are discussed.
Individual differences in pitch perception

This thesis reports a number of experiments investigating individual differences in pitch perception. Experiment 1 identified otherwise normally hearing adult listeners who were relatively insensitive to the direction of small but detectable frequency changes between sequential pure tones. Following previous research, an important feature of the stimuli used in Experiment 1 was that the standard frequency was varied randomly—or ‘roved’—over a wide range (400–2000.1 Hz) over trials. Subsequent psychoacoustical experiments (Experiments 2–6) revealed that the insensitivity to pitch-change direction observed in some individuals appeared to depend critically on the use of a relatively wide frequency-roving range, and the possible origins of this effect were investigated in detail. A compelling hypothesis that emerged was that roving introduced random, irrelevant frequency changes to the stimulus ensemble that interfered with pitch-direction identification (but not pitch-change detection) in some listeners. The results of Experiments 1–6 were considered under the framework of signal detection theory, and were compared to the predictions of several phenomenological models of frequency discrimination. The pre-existing models from the literature were not able to account for many aspects of the present findings without modification. The listeners taking part in the psychoacoustical experiments completed questionnaires assessing their everyday hearing experiences and musical ability. Listeners’ thresholds were weakly or moderately correlated with some aspects of their self-reports, including sound segregation and musical experience/perception, and uncorrelated with other aspects, such as sound localisation and speech intelligibility. Experiment 7 used magnetoencephalography to test the hypothesis that insensitivity to pitch-change direction is associated with a greater-than-normal involvement of left-hemisphere cortical areas when listening to and identifying the direction of frequency changes. The results suggested that the extent to which the two hemispheres contributed to the recorded signals varied considerably across individuals, and contrary to the results of an earlier study, poor pitch-discrimination ability was associated with stronger right-hemisphere auditory-evoked fields.
Spectroscopic Observations of Convective Patterns in the Atmospheres of Metal-poor Stars

Convective line asymmetries in the optical spectrum of two metal-poor stars, Gmb 1830 and HD 140283, are compared to those observed for solar metallicity stars. The line bisectors of the most metal-poor star, the subgiant HD 140283, show a significantly larger velocity span that the expectations for a solar-metallicity star of the same spectral type and luminosity class. The enhanced line asymmetries are interpreted as the signature of the lower metal content, and therefore opacity, in the convective photospheric patterns. These findings point out the importance of the three-dimensional convective velocity fields in the interpretation of the observed line asymmetries in metal-poor stars and, in particular, urge caution when deriving isotopic ratios from observed line shapes and shifts using one-dimensional model atmospheres. The mean line bisector of the photospheric atomic lines is compared with those measured for the strong Mg I b1 and b2 features. The upper parts of the bisectors are similar, and—assuming they overlap—the bottom ends of the stronger lines, which are formed higher in the atmosphere, go much farther to the red. This is in agreement with the expected decreasing of the convective blueshifts in upper atmospheric layers, and is compatible with the high-velocity redshifts observed in the chromosphere, transition region, and corona in late-type stars.
Value and limitation of meta-analysis

Meta-analysis is a valuable method of aggregating data sets of different trials which are inadequate or unconvincing on their own. There are strict rules on the retrieval and selection of data which are crucial in terms of the validity of a meta-analysis. Many so-called meta-analyses are flawed because of lack of a protocol or non adherence to it. Also underreporting of clinical trials is haunting the validity of meta-analysis. This hidden information is not a random process but is affecting mainly trials with negative results. To avoid this publication bias all clinical trials should enter an international online database.
The effects of teacher presentation rate and praise on LD students' oral reading performance.

Summary. Four learning disabled students were taught beginning reading with a Direct Instruction programme. The teacher systematically varied the rate of instructional presentation (rapid pace vs. slow pace) and frequency of praising (praise vs. no praise). A modified reversal design was used to evaluate both the isolated and interactive effects of the individual instructional components. Experimentation lasted 25 school days. The results indicated that increases in teacher presentation rate and increased use of praise lead to improvement in levels of on-task behaviour and correct student responding. Each of the variables in isolation has an effect. Praise appears to be more powerful than presentation rate. The combination of the two variables has the most powerful effect. These findings extend the research of earlier studies to learning disabled students.
Infant temperament and maternal anxiety and depressed mood in the early postpartum period.

Although difficult infant temperament has been associated with maternal postpartum anxiety and depressed mood in later infancy, the emergence of this association in the early postpartum period has not been explored. In a survey study of 296 mothers of healthy term newborns during the first postpartum month, the relationship of infant temperament with maternal anxiety and depressed mood was explored. Maternal ratings of infant temperament were measured by the Early Infancy Temperament Questionnaire. Postpartum anxiety was measured by the State Scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and depressed mood by the Beck Depression Inventory. The State Scale and Beck Depression Inventory correlated positively with ratings of infant activity, rhythmicity, approach, distractibility, and overall temperamental difficulty. In addition, the State Scale correlated positively with ratings of adaptability and intensity. In regression analyses, controlling for other factors, ratings of overall temperamental difficulty we.
Measuring fast gene dynamics in single cells with time-lapse luminescence microscopy

Beetle luciferases and time-lapse luminescence microscopy were optimized to measure the dynamics of cell cycle genes in yeast with subminute time resolution. This method is faster and the cells are smaller than in previous work. It is shown that luciferase reporters are better than fluorescent proteins at tracking gene expression.