Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Photo-Induced Antitumor Effect of 3,6-Bis(1-methyl-4-vinylpyridinium) Carbazole Diiodide

We have applied a fluorescent molecule 3,6-bis(1-methyl-4-vinylpyridinium) carbazole diiodide (BMVC) for tumor targeting and treatment. In this study, we investigated the photo-induced antitumor effect of BMVC. In vitro cell line studies showed that BMVC significantly killed TC-1 tumor cells at light dose greater than 40 J/cm2. The fluorescence of BMVC in the tumor peaked at 3 hours and then gradually decreased to reach the control level after 24 hours. In vivo tumor treatment studies showed BMVC plus light irradiation (iPDT) significantly inhibited the tumor growth. At day 24 after tumor implantation, tumor volume was measured to be 225 ± 79 mm3, 2542 ± 181 mm3, 1533 ± 766 mm3, and 1317 ± 108 mm3 in the iPDT, control, light-only, and BMVC-only groups, respectively. Immunohistochemistry studies showed the microvascular density was significantly lower in the iPDT group. Taken together, our results demonstrated that BMVC may be a potent tumor-specific photosensitizer (PS) for PDT.
A Hybrid Lossless Compression Scheme for Efficient Delivery of Medical Image Data over the Internet

Medical imaging applications generate large volumes of medical data leading to challenges for transmission and storage. In this paper, a novel lossless 3D compression scheme for medical image delivery is proposed. It is based on Prediction by Partial Matching (PPM) in combination with 3D JPEG-4 compression. This scheme is intended for accelerating the delivery of data over the Internet and consequently we are concerned with both compression ratio and decompression time. Experimental results illustrate that the proposed scheme is efficient and feasible in terms of both compression ratio and decompression speed.
Intelligent Parking Space Detection System Based on Image Processing

technique that capture and process the brown rounded image drawn at parking lot and produce the information of the empty car parking spaces. It will be display at the display unit that consists of seven segments in real time. The seven segments display shows the number of current available parking lots in the parking area. This proposed system, has been developed in software and hardware platform.
Histone Deacetylase 8 Is Required for Centrosome Cohesion and Influenza A Virus Entry

Influenza A virus (IAV) enters host cells by endocytosis followed by acid-activated penetration from late endosomes (LEs). Using siRNA silencing, we found that histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8), a cytoplasmic enzyme, efficiently promoted productive entry of IAV into tissue culture cells, whereas HDAC1 suppressed it. HDAC8 enhanced endocytosis, acidification, and penetration of the incoming virus. In contrast, HDAC1 inhibited acidification and penetration. The effects were connected with dramatic alterations in the organization of the microtubule system, and, as a consequence, a change in the behavior of LEs and lysosomes (LYs). Depletion of HDAC8 caused loss of centrosome-associated microtubules and loss of directed centripetal movement of LEs, dispersing LE/LYs to the cell periphery. For HDAC1, the picture was the opposite. To explain these changes, centrosome cohesion emerged as the critical factor. Depletion of HDAC8 caused centrosome splitting, which could also be induced by depleting a centriole-linker protein, rootletin. In both cases, IAV infection was inhibited. HDAC1 depletion reduced the splitting of centrosomes, and enhanced infection. The longer the distance between centrosomes, the lower the level of infection. HDAC8 depletion was also found to inhibit infection of Uukuniemi virus (a bunyavirus) suggesting common requirements among late penetrating enveloped viruses. The results established class I HDACs as powerful regulators of microtubule organization, centrosome function, endosome maturation, and infection by IAV and other late penetrating viruses.
Adult attachment styles and childhood experiences of parenting of men diagnosed with personality disorder, detained in a high security psychiatric hospital : an exploratory study

This study examined the relationships between retrospective recall of childhood experiences of parenting and abuse, and self report measures of adult attachment styles and personality disorder, in a sample of men diagnosed with personality disorder and detained in a high security psychiatric hospital for committing serious criminal offences. The results found predominantly insecure attachment styles within this sample and an association between attachment anxiety and severity of personality disorder. Recalled repeated separations from attachment figures were related to severity of personality disorder. Specific characteristics of parenting and abuse were related to severity of attachment anxiety and avoidance in adult intimate relationships. Furthermore, greater attachment anxiety was found for participants with a history of sex offences against children, compared with participants who had committed violent non-sex offences. These results suggest that adult attachment styles may play a mediating role between childhood experiences and severity of personality disorder. These results provide further support for the applicability of attachment theory to the understanding of offending. The results highlight clinical implications for individual therapy, ward interventions, patient selection and service organisation. In particular the interaction between staff attachment styles and effectiveness of interventions is discussed. This study suggests areas for future research including more detailed research of childhood experiences, attachment theory and personality disorder.
Spectroscopic ages and metallicities of stellar populations : validation of full spectrum fitting

Fitting whole spectra at intermediate spectral resolution (R= 1000–3000), to derive physical properties of stellar populations, appears as an optimized alternative to methods based on spectrophotometric indices: it uses all the redundant information contained in the signal. This paper addresses the validation of the method and it investigates the quality of the population models together with the reliability of the fitting procedures. Our method compares observed optical spectra with models to derive the age, metallicity and line broadening due to the internal kinematics. It is insensitive to the shape of the continuum and the results are consistent with Lick indices but three times more precise. We are using two algorithms: steckmap, a non-parametric regularized program and nbursts a parametric non-linear minimization. We compare three spectral synthesis models for single stellar populations (SSPs): Pegase-HR, Galaxev and Vazdekis/Miles, and we analyse spectra of Galactic clusters whose populations are known from studies of colour–magnitude diagrams (CMD) and spectroscopy of individual stars. We find the following. (1) The quality of the models critically depends on the stellar library they use, and in particular on its coverage in age, metallicity and surface gravity of the stars. Pegase-HR and Vazdekis/Miles are consistent, while the comparison between Pegase-HR and Bruzual & Charlot shows some systematics reflecting the limitations of the stellar library (STELIB) used to generate the latter models. (2) The two fitting programs are consistent. (3) For globular clusters and M67 spectra, the method restitutes metallicities in agreement with spectroscopy of stars with a precision of 0.14 dex. (4) The spectroscopic ages are very sensitive to the presence of a blue horizontal branch (BHB) or of blue stragglers. A BHB morphology results in a young SSP-equivalent age. Fitting a free amount of blue stars in addition to the SSP model to mimic the BHB improves and stabilizes the fit and restores ages in agreement with CMDs studies. This method is potentially able to disentangle age or BHB effects in extragalactic clusters. Full spectrum fitting is reliable method to derive the parameters of a stellar population.
A Network Analysis on Movie Producing Teams and Their Success

We perform social network analysis on movie producing teams formed by directors, producers and writers, using data from IMDb. We assemble an evolving social network by linking agents that worked together throughout history. After, we proceed to calculate topological and non-topological metrics from this network and its teams through time. We present the evolution of topological and non-topological metrics. We analyze the correlation between these metrics and two success parameters: movie's ratings and gross income.
Interactive Effects of Elevated [CO2] and Water Stress on Physiological Traits and Gene Expression during Vegetative Growth in Four Durum Wheat Genotypes

The interaction of elevated [CO2] and water stress will have an effect on the adaptation of durum wheat to future climate scenarios. For the Mediterranean basin these scenarios include the rising occurrence of water stress during the first part of the crop cycle. In this study, we evaluated the interactive effects of elevated [CO2] and moderate to severe water stress during the first part of the growth cycle on physiological traits and gene expression in four modern durum wheat genotypes. Physiological data showed that elevated [CO2] promoted plant growth but reduced N content. This was related to a down-regulation of Rubisco and N assimilation genes and up-regulation of genes that take part in C-N remobilization, which might suggest a higher N efficiency. Water restriction limited the stimulation of plant biomass under elevated [CO2], especially at severe water stress, while stomatal conductance and carbon isotope signature revealed a water saving strategy. Transcript profiles under water stress suggested an inhibition of primary C fixation and N assimilation. Nevertheless, the interactive effects of elevated [CO2] and water stress depended on the genotype and the severity of the water stress, especially for the expression of drought stress-responsive genes such as dehydrins, catalase, and superoxide dismutase. The network analysis of physiological traits and transcript levels showed coordinated shifts between both categories of parameters and between C and N metabolism at the transcript level, indicating potential genes and traits that could be used as markers for early vigor in durum wheat under future climate change scenarios. Overall the results showed that greater plant growth was linked to an increase in N content and expression of N metabolism-related genes and down-regulation of genes related to the antioxidant system. The combination of elevated [CO2] and severe water stress was highly dependent on the genotypic variability, suggesting specific genotypic adaptation strategies to environmental conditions.
Learning processes in neural networks.

We study the learning dynamics of neural networks from a general point of view. The environment from which the network learns is defined as a set of input stimuli. At discrete points in time, one of these stimuli is presented and an incremental learning step takes place. If the time between learning steps is drawn from a Poisson distribution, the dynamics of an ensemble of learning processes is described by a continuous-time master equation. A learning algorithm that enables a neural network to adapt to a changing environment must have a nonzero learning parameter. This constant adaptability, however, goes at cost of fluctuations in the plasticities, such as synapses and thresholds. The ensemble description allows us to study the asymptotic behavior of the plasticities for a large class of neural networks. For small learning parameters, we derive an expression for the size of the fluctuations in an unchanging environment. In a changing environment, there is a trade-off between adaptability and accuracy (i.e., size of the fluctuations). We use the networks of Grossberg [J. Stat. Phys. 48, 105 (1969)] and Oja [J. Math. Biol. 15, 267 (1982)] as simple examples to analyze and simulate the performance of neural networks in a changing environment. In some cases an optimal learning parameter can be calculated.
Viral vector-mediated selective and reversible blockade of the pathway for visual orienting in mice

Recently, by using a combination of two viral vectors, we developed a technique for pathway-selective and reversible synaptic transmission blockade, and successfully induced a behavioral deficit of dexterous hand movements in macaque monkeys by affecting a population of spinal interneurons. To explore the capacity of this technique to work in other pathways and species, and to obtain fundamental methodological information, we tried to block the crossed tecto-reticular pathway, which is known to control orienting responses to visual targets, in mice. A neuron-specific retrograde gene transfer vector with the gene encoding enhanced tetanus neurotoxin (eTeNT) tagged with enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) under the control of a tetracycline responsive element was injected into the left medial pontine reticular formation. 7–17 days later, an adeno-associated viral vector with a highly efficient Tet-ON sequence, rtTAV16, was injected into the right superior colliculus. 5–9 weeks later, the daily administration of doxycycline (Dox) was initiated. Visual orienting responses toward the left side were impaired 1–4 days after Dox administration. Anti-GFP immunohistochemistry revealed that a number of neurons in the intermediate and deep layers of the right superior colliculus were positively stained, indicating eTeNT expression. After the termination of Dox administration, the anti-GFP staining returned to the baseline level within 28 days. A second round of Dox administration, starting from 28 days after the termination of the first Dox administration, resulted in the reappearance of the behavioral impairment. These findings showed that pathway-selective and reversible blockade of synaptic transmission also causes behavioral effects in rodents, and that the crossed tecto-reticular pathway clearly controls visual orienting behaviors.
Shape of the right ventricular outflow Doppler envelope and severity of pulmonary hypertension.

BACKGROUND It is now well known that timing of right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT) spectral Doppler signals change with increasing pulmonary hypertension severity. We devised a study to determine whether visual assessment of these RVOT Doppler signals can be useful identifying the severity of pulmonary hypertension. METHODS Visual inspection of pulsed RVOT Doppler signals from 120 consecutive patients (mean age of 55 ± 12, range 29-89 years; 45 males); with a mean pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) of 59 ± 29, (ranging from 18 to 150 mmHg), of whom 78 patients had PASP >40 mmHg, was performed and correlated with standard echo Doppler variables of right ventricular performance. RESULTS Visual inspection of RVOT spectral Doppler signals from the 120 patients showed four dynamic patterns and on a stepwise multiple regression analysis, PASP was the only echocardiographic variable that correlated with these different types of RVOT spectral Doppler signals. Furthermore, receiver operator curve analysis of these RVOT spectral Doppler signals correlated well with different ranges of PASP. CONCLUSIONS Visual assessment of RVOT spectral signals demonstrates the presence of four dynamic patterns, independent of the aetiology of the pulmonary hypertension, that not only correlate with the severity of pulmonary hypertension, but also are useful in identifying a range of PASP with great accuracy that minimizes subjective interpretation. These simple visual assessments of RVOT Doppler signals can be done routinely when evaluating patients with pulmonary hypertension without the need of additional sophisticated equipment.
Gamma-Ray Bursts: Multiwaveband Spectral Predictions for Blast Wave Models

In almost any scenario for cosmological gamma-ray bursts (and in many models where they originate in our own Galaxy), the initial energy density is so large that the resulting relativistic plasma expands with v ∼ c producing a blast wave ahead of it and a reverse shock moving into the ejecta, as it ploughs into the external medium. We evaluate the radiation expected from these shocks, for both cosmological and galactic bursts, for various assumptions about the strength of the magnetic field and the particle acceleration mechanisms in the shocks. The spectra are evaluated over the whole range from the IR to greater than GeV, and are compared with the variety of spectral behavior reported by BATSE, and with the X-ray and optical constraints
Smoking and incidence of diabetes among U.S. adults: findings from the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study.

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to determine the association between smoking and incident diabetes among U.S. adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS) was a prospective study of the associations of insulin sensitivity and cardiovascular risk factors. We examined the relationship between smoking status categories (never, former, and current) and incident 5-year type 2 diabetes among 906 participants free of diabetes at baseline. We also considered the effect of pack-year categories (never, former <20 pack-years, former > or = 20 pack-years, current <20 pack-years, and current > or = 20 pack-years) upon diabetes incidence. RESULTS Of current smokers, 96 (25%) developed diabetes at 5 years, compared with 60 (14%) never smokers. After multivariable adjustment, current smokers exhibited increased incidence of diabetes compared with never smokers (odds ratio [OR] 2.66, P = 0.001). Similar results were found among current smokers with > or = 20 pack-years with normal glucose tolerance (5.66, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Smoking shares a robust association with incident diabetes, supporting the current Surgeon General's warnings against cigarette smoking.
Use of thiazolidinediones and risk of heart failure in people with type 2 diabetes: a retrospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE To compare the incidence of heart failure in individuals with type 2 diabetes receiving thiazolidinediones (TZDs) versus other oral antihyperglycemic agents. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study using a health insurance claims database. The study sample included patients with type 2 diabetes who received an oral antihyperglycemic agent between January 1995 and March 2001. Those with any claims for TZDs were designated "exposed," and each was compared with five randomly selected unexposed patients. Those with diagnoses of heart failure or who received digoxin or a diuretic in the year before their index date were excluded. The primary measure of interest was incidence of heart failure, which was defined as a hospitalization or outpatient visit with a diagnosis of heart failure. RESULTS TZD patients (n = 5441) were younger than control subjects (n = 28103) but more likely to have coronary artery disease or diabetes complications, receive ACE inhibitors, beta-blockers, metformin, or insulin, and have undergone HbA(1c) tests or eye exams; they also had more comorbidities and higher costs (all P < 0.05). However, TZD use was predictive of heart failure even after controlling for these variables (hazard ratio = 1.7, P < 0.001). Adjusted incidence of heart failure at 40 months was 8.2% for TZD patients and 5.3% for control subjects. CONCLUSIONS The results of this observational study suggest that TZDs may increase the risk of heart failure. Physicians should use TZDs with caution in patients with heart failure, remain vigilant for manifestations of heart failure in those receiving these drugs (especially patients with cardiovasculopathy), and consider alternate therapies for patients who develop symptoms of heart failure, such as shortness of breath.
Secure Message Distribution Scheme with Configurable Privacy for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks

Security and privacy of wireless sensor networks are key research issues recently. Most existing researches regarding wireless sensor network security consider homogenous sensor networks. To achieve better security and performance, we adopt a heterogeneous wireless sensor network (HWSN) model that consists of physically different types of sensor nodes. This paper presents a secure message distribution scheme with configurable privacy for HWSNs, which takes advantage of powerful high-end sensor nodes. The scheme establishes a message distribution topology in an efficient and secure manner. The sensor node can only generate one signature for all the messages for all the users, which can greatly save the communication and computation costs of the sensor node. On the other hand, the user can only know the messages intended for him based on a pre-set policy, which can meet the requirement of the privacy. We show that the scheme has small bandwidth requirements and it is resilient against the node compromise attack.
Highlight sound effects detection in audio stream

This paper addresses the problem of highlight sound effects detection in audio stream, which is very useful in fields of video summarization and highlight extraction. Unlike researches on audio segmentation and classification, in this domain, it just locates those highlight sound effects in audio stream. An extensible framework is proposed and in current system three sound effects are considered: laughter, applause and cheer, which are tied up with highlight events in entertainments, sports, meetings and home videos. HMMs are used to model these sound effects and a log-likelihood scores based method is used to make final decision. A sound effect attention model is also proposed to extend general audio attention model for highlight extraction and video summarization. Evaluations on a 2-hours audio database showed very encouraging results.
What Makes a Social Encounter Meaningful: The Impact of Social Encounters of Homeschooled Children on Emotional and Behavioral Problems

In modern society, a large part of the socialization process occurs in schools. Therefore, one of the most significant questions raised with regard to homeschooling concerns the impact of this type of education on the emotional world of the child. However, there is almost no mention in the research of how the nature of the social activity of homeschooled children affects their emotional world. In the present research, we examined the quantity and character of the social interactions of homeschooled children and their influence on the children’s emotional and behavioral problems. The findings suggested a negative correlation between meetings with other homeschooled children and emotional and behavioral problems, and a similar relationship between the child’s number of siblings and such problems. In comparison, we found a relationship between meetings with school-going children and such problems only in the younger age group, and only with regard to problems of internalization.
Communicating Brand Personality - The Moderating Role of Human Personality

This research investigates the influence of individual personality on perception of brand personality when information is processed from advertisement. An experiment was designed to investigate the role of individual personality and personal relevance in moderating the relationship between advertising and brand personality perceptions. Results reveal that advertising or communication program plays a key role in perception of brand personality. Further analysis with MANCOVA indicates that, individual’s personality dimensions do influence certain brand personality dimensions. This implies that communicating a designated brand personality is influenced by the personality traits of the target audience.