Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
FACTORS RELATED TO DEPRESSION AMONG HISPANIC WOMEN

Depression is known as one of the most common mental disorders found in the general population. Research that attempts to look specifically at depression and how it relates to Hispanic women however, is rare in contrast to the volumes of literature on depression itself. The purpose of this paper is to acknowledge, review, and critique the literature that focuses on depression among Hispanic women. While Hispanics are the fastest growing ethnic minority group in the United States, research which pertains specifically to this group is rare. This review examined those factors that may relate to depression among Hispanic women: marital status, education, employment, social support, and immigration/acculturation. Issues of prevalence, gender, and age are also discussed. Several conclusions afe made regarding future research of depression as it related to Hispanic women. In particular, mention is made of the many diversities among Hispanic women themselves which need to be addressed in this area of research. Contains 37 references. (Author/JBJ) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. * * *************i.AAAAAA***********A;:****;,*AA*AAAAA************************ FACTORS RELATED TO DEPRESSION AMONG HISPANIC WOMEN A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
Cell Wall Lipopolysaccharides from Xanthomonas Species

Volk, Wesley A. (University of Virginia, Charlottesville). Cell wall lipopolysaccharides from Xanthomonas species. J. Bacteriol. 91:39–42. 1966. —The lipopolysaccharides from 20 species of Xanthomonas were extracted and purified. Biological studies suggest that these lipopolysaccharides are analogous to the endotoxins extracted from enteric organisms, as judged by their mouse lethality and their ability to provoke the local Shwartzman reaction in rabbits. Studies on the composition of the polysaccharides revealed that all contained uronic acid, glucose, mannose, and a compound apparently identical to the 2-keto-3-deoxyoctonate previously described in enteric organisms. The polysaccharide also contains organic phosphate, and additional carbohydrates such as rhamnose, xylose, fucose, and galactose are found in some, but not all, species. In contrast to the composition of the enteric lipopolysaccharides, heptose was not found in any of the lipopolysaccharides of the Xanthomonas species studied.
Innovation and Economic Growth: Evidence from Nigeria

The paper examines the impact of innovation on economic growth in the Nigerian economy during the period 1970-2011. Applying the Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares model, we find evidence in support of positive impact of innovation, proxied by technology-embodied capital imports, on economic growth. Other variables with significant positive impact are human capital and structure of the economy. On the other hand, factors such as openness to trade, high share of government expenditure as well as institutional quality are found to associate negatively with growth.
Brand Equity and Firm Sustainable Performance: The Mediating Role of Analysts’ Recommendations

Current literature has overlooked the signaling effects of the brand on a firm’s sustainable performance through financial analysts. This study posits that financial analysts may serve as the information bridge connecting brand equity and a firm’s sustainable performance by providing professional recommendations of stock investments to public investors. Using a longitudinal archived dataset of Chinese listed firms, we found that: (1) brand equity improves the level of analysts’ recommendations for a focal firm’s stock, and also reduces the inconsistency of analysts’ recommendations; (2) industrial competition further strengthens the positive impact of brand equity on analysts’ recommendation level and strengthen its negative impact on recommendation inconsistency; (3) analyst recommendations mediate the relationship between brand equity and a firm’s sustainable performance in terms of abnormal return, systematic and idiosyncratic risk. These findings emphasize the importance of financial analysts’ recommendations in influencing the value of brand equity on sustainable firm performance.
Transplantation of Neuronal and Glial Restricted Precursors into Contused Spinal Cord Improves Bladder and Motor Functions, Decreases Thermal Hypersensitivity, and Modifies Intraspinal Circuitry

Transplanting neuronal and glial restricted precursors (NRP/GRP) into a midthoracic injury 9 d after contusion improved bladder and motor function, diminished thermal hypersensitivity, and modified lumbosacral circuitry compared with operated controls (OP-controls). Histological analysis showed that NRP/GRP survived, filled the lesion site, differentiated into neurons and glia, and migrated selectively. Volume of spinal cord spared was increased in NRP/GRP recipients, suggesting local protection. Bladder areflexia developed in both operated groups, but NRP/GRP recipients exhibited an accelerated recovery, with decreased micturition pressure and fewer episodes of detrusor hyperreflexia. Because noradrenergic receptors proliferate after spinal injury and descending noradrenergic pathways contribute to regulation of bladder control, we examined the effects of administering an α-1A-adrenergic antagonist, Tamsulosin, on urodynamics. This improved all cystometric parameters in both operated groups, and micturition pressure in NRP/GRP rats recovered to normal levels. Both operated groups initially showed increased sensitivity to a thermal stimulus applied to the tail; the NRP/GRP rats showed significant improvement over time. NRP/GRP grafts also produced greater recovery of hindlimb function in several tests, although both groups showed persistent and similar deficits in locomotion on a grid. Because bladder, hindlimb, and tail sensory and motor functions are organized through lumbosacral cord, we examined descending and primary afferent projections at L6-S1. The density of serotonergic, noradrenergic, and corticotrophin releasing factor-positive fibers increased in the NRP/GRP group compared with OP-controls, suggesting some sparing and/or sprouting of these modulatory pathways. Immunocytochemical staining density of dorsal root axons in the dorsal horn increased in the OP-controls but appeared normal in the NRP/GRP group. Synaptophysin immunoreactivity in the lumbosacral dorsal horn was similar among groups, consistent with restoration of synaptic density in both groups of operated animals but by different pathways. We suggest that local protection provided by NRP/GRP resulted in increased sparing/sprouting of descending pathways, which prevented sprouting by dorsal root axons, and that this modification in lumbosacral circuitry contributes to the recovery of function.
Translation Quality Estimation for Indian Languages

Translation Quality Estimation (QE) aims to estimate the quality of an automated machine translation (MT) output without any human intervention or reference translation. With the increasing use of MT systems in various cross-lingual applications, the need and applicability of QE systems is increasing. We study existing approaches and propose multiple neural network approaches for sentence-level QE, with a focus on MT outputs in Indian languages. For this, we also introduce five new datasets for four language pairs: two for English–Gujarati, and one each for English–Hindi, English–Telugu and English–Bengali, which includes one manually post-edited dataset for English– Gujarati. These Indian languages are spoken by around 689M speakers world-wide. We compare results obtained using our proposed models with multiple state-of-the-art systems including the winning system in the WMT17 shared task on QE and show that our proposed neural model which combines the discriminative power of carefully chosen features with Siamese Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) works best for all Indian language datasets.
Face Anti-spoofing Based on General Image Quality Assessment

A new face anti-spoofing method based on general image quality assessment is presented. The proposed approach presents a very low degree of complexity which makes it suitable for real-time applications, using 14 image quality features extracted from one image (i.e., the same acquired for face recognition purposes) to distinguish between legitimate and impostor samples. The experimental results, obtained on two publicly available datasets, show very competitive results compared to other state-of-the-art methods tested on the same benchmarks. The findings presented in the work clearly suggest that the analysis of the general image quality of real face samples reveals highly valuable information that may be very efficiently used to discriminate them from fake images.
5 Motivational Intervention and Nicotine Replacement Therapies for Smokers : Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial

The World Health Organization (WHO, 2003, 2011) estimated that at international level approximately 1.3 million people currently smoke cigarettes or other products. Almost one billion men and 250 million women, and about 6 million people die each year from diseases related to smoking. Related diseases comprise different types of cancer (lung, larynx, oral cavity), cardiovascular (atherosclerosis, stroke), respiratory diseases (acute and chronic), alterations in the reproductive system, dental problems (leukoplakia, gingivitis, among others), peptic ulcer and some diseases of eye, diabetes.
Metabolic Effects Associated with ICS in Patients with COPD and Comorbid Type 2 Diabetes: A Historical Matched Cohort Study

Background Management guidelines for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) recommend that inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are prescribed to patients with the most severe symptoms. However, these guidelines have not been widely implemented by physicians, leading to widespread use of ICS in patients with mild-to-moderate COPD. Of particular concern is the potential risk of worsening diabetic control associated with ICS use. Here we investigate whether ICS therapy in patients with COPD and comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has a negative impact on diabetic control, and whether these negative effects are dose-dependent. Methods and Findings This was a historical matched cohort study utilising primary care medical record data from two large UK databases. We selected patients aged ≥40 years with COPD and T2DM, prescribed ICS (n = 1360) or non-ICS therapy (n = 2642) between 2008 and 2012. The primary endpoint was change in HbA1c between the baseline and outcome periods. After 1:1 matching, each cohort consisted of 682 patients. Over the 12–18-month outcome period, patients prescribed ICS had significantly greater increases in HbA1c values compared with those prescribed non-ICS therapies; adjusted difference 0.16% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.05–0.27%) in all COPD patients, and 0.25% (95% CI: 0.10–0.40%) in mild-to-moderate COPD patients. Patients in the ICS cohort also had significantly more diabetes-related general practice visits per year and received more frequent glucose strip prescriptions, compared with those prescribed non-ICS therapies. Patients prescribed higher cumulative doses of ICS (>250 mg) had greater odds of increased HbA1c and/or receiving additional antidiabetic medication, and increased odds of being above the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) target for HbA1c levels, compared with those prescribed lower cumulative doses (≤125 mg). Conclusion For patients with COPD and comorbid T2DM, ICS therapy may have a negative impact on diabetes control. Patients prescribed higher cumulative doses of ICS may be at greater risk of diabetes progression. Trial Registration ENCePP ENCEPP/SDPP/6804
Manipulating achievement motivation in physical education by manipulating the motivational climate

This study examined the effect of manipulating the motivational climate on achievement goal orientations, satisfaction/boredom, and perceived competence in physical education (PE). Participants were 40 English students (M age = 15.9, SD = 0.51) participating either in an experimental group that included a series of highly task involving lessons, based on the manipulation of Epstein's (18, 19) TARGET structures, or a group receiving the school's existing style of PE lessons. Results of MANOVA and 2 × 2 (Group × Time) mixed factor ANOVAs on the pre- and post-intervention data indicated that students in the mastery climate experienced significantly (all p < .05) higher levels of task orientationand perceptions of competence, and were more satisfied and less bored, post-intervention compared to pre-intervention and compared to the other group at either time. The mastery climate group's ego orientation also significantly decreased from pre- to postintervention, but did not significantly differ from the other group. The findings are discussed with regard to the implications of manipulating the task structure in PE and organized youth sport.
The Chromatin Remodelling Factor dATRX Is Involved in Heterochromatin Formation

Despite extensive study of heterochromatin, relatively little is known about the mechanisms by which such a structure forms. We show that the Drosophila homologue of the human α-thalassemia and mental retardation X-linked protein (dATRX), is important in the formation or maintenance of heterochromatin through modification of position effect variegation. We further show that there are two isoforms of the dATRX protein, the longer of which interacts directly with heterochromatin protein 1 (dHP-1) through a CxVxL motif both in vitro and in vivo. These two proteins co-localise at heterochromatin in a manner dependent on this motif. Consistent with this observation, the long isoform of the dATRX protein localises primarily to the heterochromatin at the chromocentre on salivary gland polytene chromosomes, whereas the short isoform binds to many sites along the chromosome arms. We suggest that the establishment of a regular nucleosomal organisation may be common to heterochromatin and transcriptionally repressed chromatin in other locations, and may require the action of ATP dependent chromatin remodelling factors.
Effects of soy isoflavone on hepatic steatosis in high fat-induced rats

Soy isoflavone has benefits for metabolic syndrome but the mechanism is not completely understood. This study was designed to determine the effects of soy isoflavone on hepatic fat accumulation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) rats induced by high fat diet (HFD). Sprague-Dawley rats were administrated with a normal fat diet (control), HFD (NAFLD model), HFD with 10 or 20 mg/kg soy isoflavone daily for 12 weeks. Hepatic and serum lipid contents, liver histopathological examination, serum alanine transaminase (ALT), protein and mRNA expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP)-1c, fatty acid synthase (FAS), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α were assayed respectively. Our study found that soy isoflavone reduced HFD-induced lipid accumulation in liver, serum ALT and improved liver lobule structure. In addition, the expression of SREBP-1c and FAS was lower, whereas protein level of PPARα was higher in two soy isoflavone groups than that of the HFD group. Collectively, these results demonstrate that soy isoflavone is capable of alleviating hepatic steatosis and delaying the progression of NAFLD via inhibiting lipogenesis and promoting fatty acid oxidation in liver.
Role of Capsaicin-Sensitive Nerve Fibers in Uterine Contractility in the Rat1

Abstract The possible participation of capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves in the modulation of neurogenic contractions was studied in nonpregnant and term pregnant rat uteri. Neurogenic contractions were elicited by electric field stimulation (40 V, 1–70 Hz, 0.6 msec) in intact uteri and uteri that were previously exposed to capsaicin in vitro. In capsaicin pretreated preparations obtained both from nonpregnant and term pregnant rats, a dose-dependent increase in the amplitude of uterine contractions was detected. Prior systemic treatment of the rats with capsaicin (130 mg/kg, s.c.) abolished the effect of in vitro capsaicin administration on the amplitude of neurogenic contractions. Use of a specific antagonist of calcitonin gene-related peptide revealed that depletion of this peptide, which normally elicits uterine smooth muscle relaxation, may be responsible for the increased responsiveness of the uterus to low-frequency stimulation. Experiments on the localization of calcitonin gene-related peptide in uterine tissue specimens exposed to capsaicin revealed dose-dependent depletion of calcitonin-gene related peptide-immunoreactive nerves innervating blood vessels and the myometrium. The findings indicate that capsaicin-sensitive afferent nerves, by the release of sensory neuropeptides, significantly contribute to the modulation of uterine contractility both in nonpregnant and term pregnant rats. It is suggested that uterine sensory nerve activation may be part of a trigger mechanism leading to preterm contractions evoked by, for example, inflammation.
In vitro antimicrobial susceptibilities of Nocardia species

The in vitro activities of various quinolones, two new aminoglycosides, a new cephamycin analog (cefmetazole) and a new spectinomycin analog (trospectomycin), imipenem, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole against 26 isolates of Nocardia asteroides, 7 isolates of N. brasiliensis, and 6 isolates of N. caviae were determined by a broth microdilution method. The three new quinolones, PD 117558, PD 117596 and PD 112739, inhibited 90% of N. asteroides at 1 to 2 micrograms/ml, and two new aminoglycosides, SCH 21420 and SCH 22591, inhibited 90% of N. asteroides at 2 to 4 micrograms/ml. Among the beta-lactams, cefmetazole was more active than imipenem. N. brasiliensis and N. caviae isolates were also very susceptible to the three quinolones (MICs for 50% of the isolates, 0.25 to 1 microgram/ml) and the two aminoglycosides (MICs for 50% of the isolates, 1 to 2 micrograms/ml). Cefmetazole was moderately active against N. brasiliensis, whereas imipenem showed poor activity against both of these species.
Regulation of cytokinesis and its consequences for human health

The tumor suppressor activity of Beclin 1 (BECN1), a subunit of class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase complex, has been attributed to its regulation of apoptosis and autophagy. Here, we identify FYVE-CENT (ZFYVE26), a phosphatidylinositol 3phosphate binding protein important for cytokinesis, as a novel interacting protein of Beclin 1. A mutation in FYVE-CENT (R1945Q) associated with breast cancer abolished the interaction between FYVE-CENT and Beclin 1, and reduced the localization of these proteins at the intercellular bridge during cytokinesis. Breast cancer cells containing the FYVE-CENT R1945Q mutation displayed a significant increase in cytokinetic profiles and bi multinuclear phenotype. Both Beclin 1 and FYVE-CENT were found to be downregulated in advanced breast cancers. These findings suggest a positive feedback loop for recruitment of FYVE-CENT and Beclin 1 to the intercellular bridge during cytokinesis, and reveal a novel potential tumor suppressor mechanism for Beclin 1. Citation: Sagona AP, Nezis IP, Bache KG, Haglund K, Bakken AC, et al. (2011) A Tumor-Associated Mutation of FYVE-CENT Prevents Its Interaction with Beclin 1 and Interferes with Cytokinesis. PLoS ONE 6(3): e17086. doi:10.1371/journal.pone. 0017086 Editor: Andreas Bergmann, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, United States of America Received November 11, 2010; Accepted January 17, 2011; Published March 24, 2011 Copyright: 2011 Sagona et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Funding: A.P.S. is a Ph.D. student supported by ENDOCYTE Research training network of the European Union Marie Curie Program and by the FUGE Program of the Research Council of Norway. I.P.N. is a postdoctoral fellow of European Research Council. K.G. B. is a postdoctoral fellow and K.H. a senior research fellow of the Research Council of Norway. R.I. S. is a group leader supported by the Norwegian Cancer Society, and A.C. B. is a research associate supported by the Research Council of Norway. This work was supported by an Advanced Grant from the European Research Council (to H.S.). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. * E-mail: stenmark@ulrik.uio. no
I MPACT OF THE FERMENTATION PROCESS WITH IMMOBILIZED YEAST CELLS ON THE AROMA PROFILE AND SENSORY QUALITY OF DISTILLATES PRODUCED FROM CAROB PODS ( C ERATONIA SILIQUA L . )

The aim of this research was to investigate the influence of immobilized cell fermentation on aroma and sensory characteristics of distillates produced from carob pods (Ceratonia siliqua L.) commonly grown in coastal Croatia. Distillate samples were produced both by classical and immobilized yeast technology. The aroma profile was determined using GC/FID and a sensory analysis was conducted according to the German DLG model. Results showed that a immobilized cell technique gave distillates with lower ester contents, nevertheless satisfying sensory quality.
Performance of Exchange Traded Funds During the Brexit Referendum: An Event Study

In today’s interrelated economies, financial information travel at speed of light to reach investors around the globe. Global financial markets experience regular shocks that transmit negative waves to other equity markets and different asset classes. Given the unique characteristics of exchange-traded funds (ETFs), this paper examines how different ETFs that are traded on London Financial center reacted to the Brexit event in 23 June 2016. The unexpected referendum result the day after is viewed as the next significant financial event since 2008. The paper employs an event study market model on daily and abnormal returns of the selected ETFs with respect to FTSE 250 around the event date. Contrary to what is expected, the world equities fund experienced significant positive abnormal return on the event day. Emerging markets again proved to be a preferred investment destination in times of financial turmoil; the emerging equities fund gained 3% while enjoying an 11.5% positive significant abnormal returns. The US T-Bond fund recorded a 9% return with a significant 7.2% abnormal return. The gold fund soared as much as 4% as investors seeks refuge from Brexit, and the oil fund retraced 1% amid concerns of slowing global demand.
Effect of continuous positive airway pressure on soluble CD40 ligand in patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

BACKGROUND Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis. CD40-CD40 ligand interaction promotes several proinflammatory mediators and plays a pivotal role in the various stages of atherosclerotic diseases. The present study examines whether CD40 ligation contributes to outcomes in patients with OSAS. METHODS The study population comprised OSAS patients with an apnea hypopnea index (AHI) > or = 30 (n = 35) and control subjects (AHI < 5; n = 16). We measured serum levels of soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) before and after nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) therapy for 3 months. RESULTS Baseline levels of sCD40L were significantly higher in patients with OSAS (6.93 +/- 4.64 ng/mL) [mean +/- SD] than in control subjects (3.43 +/- 2.11 ng/mL, p < 0.01). Baseline levels of sCD40L positively correlated with TNF-alpha but not with hsCRP. The elevation of sCD40L was improved for 1 night after nCPAP therapy (3.83 +/- 2.78 ng/mL, p < 0.001). Even though patients with severe OSAS did not receive any other medication to control atherosclerotic risk factors for 3 months, nCPAP was continued to reduce the levels of sCD40L. CONCLUSION The present study suggested that sCD40L is a key factor that links OSAS and atherosclerotic progression.