Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Observed Workplace Incivility toward Women, Perceptions of Interpersonal Injustice, and Observer Occupational Well-Being: Differential Effects for Gender of the Observer

The present study examined perceptions of interpersonal injustice as a mediator of the relationship between observed incivility toward women at work and employees' occupational well-being. We also examined gender of the observer as a moderator of these mediational relationships. Using online survey data from 1702 (51% women; 92% White) employees, results showed that perceptions of injustice partially mediated the relationship between observed incivility toward women and job satisfaction, turnover intentions, and organizational trust. Men reported greater perceptions of injustice than did women the more they observed the uncivil treatment of women at work, and the indirect effects of observed incivility toward women on well-being were stronger for men compared to women. Observed incivility toward women also had direct relationships with the occupational well-being outcomes over and above the impact mediated through injustice, particularly for women. Specifically, observing incivility toward female coworkers directly related to lowered job satisfaction and perceptions of safety for female bystanders. In addition, although both male and female bystanders reported heightened turnover intentions and lowered trust in the organization with higher levels of observed incivility toward women, these relationships were stronger for female than male observers. Our findings both replicate and extend past research on vicarious workplace incivility toward women.
Longitudinal Investigations on the Anterograde and Retrograde Degeneration in the Pyramidal Tract following Pontine Infarction with Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Background: Secondary degeneration following supratentorial stroke has been detected by some studies using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), but the anterograde and retrograde degeneration in pyramidal tract after pontine infarction and its potential clinical significance are not well understood. Methods: Fourteen patients with a recent pontine infarct underwent three DTIs at week 1, week 4, and week 12 after onset. Fourteen age- and gender-matched controls underwent DTI once. Mean diffusivity and fractional anisotropy (FA) were measured. Neurological deficit, motor deficit and life independence were assessed with the NIH Stroke Scale, Fugl-Meyer scale and Barthel index, respectively, 2 h before each DTI examination. Results: FA values at the ipsilateral medulla and the proximal portion of the pyramidal tract, including centrum semiovale, internal capsule and cerebral peduncle, significantly decreased progressively from week 1 to week 12 (p < 0.01). The NIH Stroke Scale decreased; Fugl-Meyer scale and Barthel index increased significantly over the time points (p < 0.01). The absolute values of percent reduction of FA value at the ipsilateral medulla and the proximal portion of pyramidal tract correlated negatively with the absolute values of percent reduction of the NIH Stroke Scale and percent increase of the Fugl-Meyer scale. Conclusions: Progressive anterograde and retrograde degeneration in pyramidal tract revealed by DTI may hinder the process of neurological recovery after a pontine infarct. To confirm the clinical significance, future studies with a longer observation period and a larger sample size of patients with more homogeneous pontine infarcts are still needed.
Discriminative stimulus properties of cocaine in relation to dopamine D2 receptor function in rats.

Previous studies indicate that the discriminative stimulus effects of cocaine are mediated predominantly by indirect activation of dopamine (DA) D2 postsynaptic receptors, although DA D1 receptors may also be involved. In the present study, full or partial D2 agonists and D2 antagonists were tested for their ability to substitute for, potentiate or antagonize the stimulus effects of cocaine in rats (n = 15) trained to discriminate cocaine (10 mg/kg) from saline in a two-lever, water-reinforced task. The full D2 agonists bromocriptine (1.25-20 mg/kg) and quinpirole (0.013-0.2 mg/kg) engendered substantial cocaine-lever responding (> 80% drug-lever responding), whereas the partial D2 agonists preclamol (2.5-10 mg/kg) and terguride (0.313-1.25 mg/kg) produced less than 50% cocaine-lever responding. Co-administration of a threshold dose of cocaine (1.25 mg/kg) with low doses of bromocriptine (1.25-5 mg/kg) or quinpirole (0.025-0.1 mg/kg) induced higher percentages of cocaine-lever responding as compared with occasions when these D2 agonists were given alone. However, co-administration of this dose of cocaine with preclamol (2.5-10 mg/kg) or terguride (0.313-1.25 mg/kg) did not alter the percentage of cocaine-lever responding observed when these partial D2 agonists were administered alone. Pretreatment with the D2 antagonists bromuride (0.25-1 mg/kg) and haloperidol (0.125-0.5 mg/kg) significantly reduced the percentage of cocaine-lever responding. Preclamol (0.625-10 mg/kg) and terguride (0.019-5 mg/kg), but not bromocriptine (2.5-20 mg/kg) or quinpirole (0.01-0.08 mg/kg), significantly reduced the percentage of cocaine-lever responding. These results suggest that full D2 agonists substitute completely for cocaine, whereas partial D2 agonists do not produce cocaine-like responding. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Operational transformation in real-time group editors: issues, algorithms, and achievements

Rd-time group editors dow a group of users to view and edit, the same document at the same time horn geograpbicdy di. ~ersed sites connected by communication networks. Consistency maintenance is one of the most si@cant &alwiges in the design and implementation of thwe types of systems. R=earch on rd-time group editors in the past decade has invented au inuolative tetique for consistency maintenance, ded operational transformation This paper presents an integrative review of the evolution of operational tra=formation techniques, with the go~ of identifying the major is-m~s, dgotiths, achievements, and remaining Mlenges. In addition, this paper contribut= a new optimized generic operational transformation control algorithm. Ke~vords Consistency maint enauce, operational transformation, convergence, CauS*ty pras~ation, intention pre~tion, group e&tors, groupware, distributed computing.
Immunolocalization of cytoplasmic and myelin mcalpain in transfected Schwann cells: II. Effect of withdrawal of growth factors

We have examined the reversal of the regulatory effect of growth factors on calpain/calpastatin activity in transfected Schwann cells (tSc) after their subsequent withdrawal. Removal of nerve growth factor (NGF) or cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) from tSc resulted in a smaller loss of μcalpain (37%) and mcalpain (36.5%) activity compared to treated cells from which the growth factors were not withdrawn. The μcalpain activity increased approximately 12% following withdrawal of acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) and basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) at 24 hr, while the increased mcalpain activity was more than 30–40% compared with that of cells that were continuously treated. The activity of both isoforms returned to their normal levels (untreated) at 48–72 hr following withdrawal of various growth factors, including NGF, cAMP, aFGF, bFGF, platelet‐derived growth factor aa (PDGFaa), and PDGFbb. The inhibitory activity of calpastatin was greater than control following withdrawal of NGF, cAMP, PDGFaa, or PDG‐Fbb at 24 hr and this inhibitory activity was less with treatment by aFGF and bFGF. The control activity was restored at 48 hr following withdrawal of these factors. The intensity of the cytoplasmic calpain immunoreactivity was significantly decreased in the nuclear and non‐nuclear regions of the cytoplasm, respectively, following withdrawal of cAMP at 144 hr. Removal of bFGF from the medium resulted in an increase of cytoplasmic calpain immunoreactivity in the nuclear regions and cytoplasm, while there was dramatic loss of myelin calpain immunoreactivity from both the nuclear region and cytoplasm. The changes in calpain activity and immunoreactivity in tSc following withdrawal of growth factors suggest that release of calpain from membrane to cytosol may be regulated by these factors. J. Neurosci. Res. 47:609–616, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Music Signal Spotting Retrieval by a Humming Query Using Start Frame Feature Dependent Continuous Dynamic Programming

We have developed a music retrieval method that takes a humming query and finds similar audio intervals (segments) in a music audio database. This method can also address a personally recorded video database containing melodies in its audio track. Our previous retrieving method took too much time to retrieve a segment: for example, a 60-minute database required about 10-minute computation on a personal computer. In this paper, we propose a new high-speed retrieving method, called start frame feature dependent continuous Dynamic Programming, which assumes that the pitch of the interval start point is accurate. Test results show that the proposed method reduces retrieval time to about 1/40 of present methods.
A Kalman-filter method for power control in broadband wireless networks

A Kalman-filter method for power control is proposed for broadband, packet-switched TDMA wireless networks. By observing the temporal correlation of cochannel interference when transmitters can send data contiguously, a Kalman filter is used to predict interference power in the future. Based on the predicted interference and estimated path gain between the transmitter and receiver, the transmission power is determined to achieve a desired signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). Performance results reveal that the Kalman-filter method for power control provides a significant performance improvement. Specifically, when a message consists of 10 packets on average, the 90 and 95 percentile of the SINR by the new method are 3.94 and 5.53 dB above those when no power control is in use, and lie just 0.73 and 1.04 dB below the upper-bound performance of the optimal power control, respectively, in a system with 4-sector cells and an interleaved frequency assignment of a reuse factor of 2/8. As a by-product, these results show that the cell layout and assignment scheme combined with the new method for power control can be used to support high-speed data services.
GROMACS: Fast, flexible, and free

This article describes the software suite GROMACS (Groningen MAchine for Chemical Simulation) that was developed at the University of Groningen, The Netherlands, in the early 1990s. The software, written in ANSI C, originates from a parallel hardware project, and is well suited for parallelization on processor clusters. By careful optimization of neighbor searching and of inner loop performance, GROMACS is a very fast program for molecular dynamics simulation. It does not have a force field of its own, but is compatible with GROMOS, OPLS, AMBER, and ENCAD force fields. In addition, it can handle polarizable shell models and flexible constraints. The program is versatile, as force routines can be added by the user, tabulated functions can be specified, and analyses can be easily customized. Nonequilibrium dynamics and free energy determinations are incorporated. Interfaces with popular quantum‐chemical packages (MOPAC, GAMES‐UK, GAUSSIAN) are provided to perform mixed MM/QM simulations. The package includes about 100 utility and analysis programs. GROMACS is in the public domain and distributed (with source code and documentation) under the GNU General Public License. It is maintained by a group of developers from the Universities of Groningen, Uppsala, and Stockholm, and the Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research in Mainz. Its Web site is http://www.gromacs. org. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem 26: 1701–1718, 2005
Concept-based Short Text Classification and Ranking

Most existing approaches for text classification represent texts as vectors of words, namely ``Bag-of-Words. '' This text representation results in a very high dimensionality of feature space and frequently suffers from surface mismatching. Short texts make these issues even more serious, due to their shortness and sparsity. In this paper, we propose using ``Bag-of-Concepts'' in short text representation, aiming to avoid the surface mismatching and handle the synonym and polysemy problem. Based on ``Bag-of-Concepts,'' a novel framework is proposed for lightweight short text classification applications. By leveraging a large taxonomy knowledgebase, it learns a concept model for each category, and conceptualizes a short text to a set of relevant concepts. A concept-based similarity mechanism is presented to classify the given short text to the most similar category. One advantage of this mechanism is that it facilitates short text ranking after classification, which is needed in many applications, such as query or ad recommendation. We demonstrate the usage of our proposed framework through a real online application: Channel-based Query Recommendation. Experiments show that our framework can map queries to channels with a high degree of precision (avg. precision=90.3%), which is critical for recommendation applications.
Conventional and wavelet coherence applied to sensory-evoked electrical brain activity

The use of coherence is a well-established standard approach for the analysis of biomedical signals. Being entirely based on frequency analysis, i.e., on spectral properties of the signal, it is not possible to obtain any information about the temporal structure of coherence which is useful in the study of brain dynamics, for example. Extending the concept of coherence as a measure of linear dependence between realizations of a random process to the wavelet transform, this paper introduces a new approach to coherence analysis which allows to monitor time-dependent changes in the coherence between electroencephalographic (EEG) channels. Specifically, we analyzed multichannel EEG data of 26 subjects obtained in an experiment on associative learning, and compare the results of Fourier coherence and wavelet coherence, showing that wavelet coherence detects features that were inaccessible by application of Fourier coherence.
Orthography and Phonology: The Psychological Reality of Orthographic Depth*

The representation of meaning by words is the basis of the human linguistic ability. Spoken words have an underlying phonologic structure that is formed by combining a small set of phonemes. The purpose of alphabetic orthographies is to represent and convey these phonologic structures in a graphic form. Just as languages differ one from the other, orthographic systems represent the various languages' phonologies in different ways. This diversity has. been a source of interest for both linguists and psychologists. However, while linguistic inquiry aims to explain and describe the origins and characteristics of different orthographies, psychological investigation aims to examine the possible effects of these characteristics on human performance. Consequently, reading research is often concerned with the question of what is universal in the reading process across diverse languages, and what aspects of reading are unique to each language's orthographic system. My first objective in this chapter is to outline the properties of different alphabetic systems that might affect visual word processing. The second objective is to provide some empirical evidence to support the claim that reading processes are determined in part by the language's orthography.
Trial Registration Numbers Are Underreported in Biomedical Publications

Context Since September 2005, the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) has required that randomised controlled trials (RCTs) are prospectively registered in a publicly accessible database. After registration, a trial registration number (TRN) is assigned to each RCT, which should make it easier to identify future publications and cross-check published results with associated registry entries, as long as the unique identification number is reported in the article. Objective Our primary objective was to evaluate the reporting of trial registration numbers in biomedical publications. Secondary objectives were to evaluate how many published RCTs had been registered and how many registered RCTs had resulted in a publication, using a sample of trials from the Netherlands Trials Register (NTR). Design, Setting Two different samples of RCTs were examined: 1) RCTs published in November 2010 in core clinical journals identified in MEDLINE; 2) RCTs registered in the NTR with a latest expected end date of 31 August 2008. Results Fifty-five percent (166/302) of the reports of RCTs found in MEDLINE and 60% (186/312) of the published reports of RCTs from the NTR cohort contained a TRN. In both samples, reporting of a TRN was more likely in RCTs published in ICMJE member journals as compared to non-ICMJE member journals (MEDLINE 58% vs. 45%; NTR: 70% vs. 49%). Thirty-nine percent of published RCTs in the MEDLINE sample appear not to have been registered, and 48% of RCTs registered in the NTR seemed not to have been published at least two years after the expected date for study completion. Conclusion Our results show that further promotion and implementation of trial registration and accurate reporting of TRN is still needed. This might be helped by inclusion of the TRN as an item on the CONSORT checklist.
Epidemiology of Infant Salmonellosis in the United States, 1996-2008: A Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network Study.

BACKGROUND Infants have increased risk for salmonellosis; but epidemiologic information is limited. METHODS We reviewed Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network reports of laboratory-confirmed non-Typhi Salmonella infections in infants from 1996-2008. We calculated incidence, estimated relative risks, and assessed trends over the duration of the study period, using the first 3 years as reference. RESULTS Average annual incidence of salmonellosis per 100 000 infants was 177.8 (95% confidence interval [CI], 152.7-202.8) in blacks, 129.7 (95% CI, 94.8-164.7) in Asians, and 81.1 (95% CI, 70.2-92.0) in whites. Our analysis of ethnicity independent of race showed salmonellosis incidence of 86.7 (95% CI, 74.6-98.9) in Hispanics and 69.4 (95% CI, 54.8-84.1) in non-Hispanics. Salmonellosis was invasive more often in blacks (9.4%) and Asians (6.4%) than whites (3.6%, P <.001 and P = .01, respectively). Asian infants with salmonellosis were older (median, 31 weeks [range, 0-52]) than black (24 weeks [range, 0-52], P < .001) or white infants (23 weeks [range, 0-52], P < .001). Incidence of all salmonellosis remained stable for whites from 1996-1998 through 2008, but blacks had a sustained decrease, with relative risk of 0.48 (95% CI, .37-.63) in 2008 compared with 1996-1998. However, 2008 incidence remained highest among blacks (141.0 of 100 000 vs 113.5 of 100 000 among whites and 109.9 of 100 000 among Asians). CONCLUSION Black infants had a greater risk of salmonellosis and invasive disease than other racial groups, and despite the greatest decrease in incidence over the study period, they continued to have the highest incidence of salmonellosis. The decrease in salmonellosis in black infants suggests that future improvements may be possible for other population subgroups.
EFFECT OF IMMOBILIZATION AND COLD STRESS ON VISUAL EVOKED POTENTIALS

The main aim of our research was to study the effects of immobilization and/or cold stress on amplitudes and latencies of visual evoked potentials (VEPs) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Forty healthy male albino rats, aged three months, were used. The rats were equally divided into four groups: Control group (C), the group exposed to cold stress (CS), the group exposed to immobilization stress (IS), and the group exposed to both cold and immobilization stress (CIS). Plasma corticosterone concentrations were significantly increased in all stress groups. Lipid peroxidation was increased in brain and retina of all stress groups as indicated by the significant increase in TBARS levels compared to the C group. Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in brain and retina increased in the CS group, but decreased in the IS group relative to the C group. GSH-Px activity also increased in the brain, but not in the retina in the CIS group with respect to the C group. The mean latencies of P1, N1, P2, N2, and P3 components were significantly prolonged in all stress groups compared with the C group. The results suggest that stress induced lipid peroxidation may influence VEPs.
The rise and fall of XMRV

Due to the relatively recent emergence of the human T‐lymphotropic and the human immunodeficiency viruses, enthusiasm for the identification of novel viruses, especially retroviruses, with pathogenic potential in humans, remains high. Novel technologies are now available with the ability to search for unknown viruses, such as gene arrays and new generation sequencing of tissue and other samples. In 2006, chip technology identified a novel retrovirus in human prostate cancer (PCa) tissue samples. Due to close homology to a mouse retrovirus, the virus was named xenotropic murine leukaemia virus‐related virus (XMRV). Ever since the initial disease association with PCa, XMRV has stirred a lot of attention and concern worldwide for the medical community, public health officials and in particular global transfusion services. Public response, in this new era of electronic communication and advocacy was rapid, wide and unprecedented. In this review, we outline the course of biomedical research efforts that were put forward internationally in the process of determining the risk to the human population, the response of the blood banking community and review the current state of knowledge of xenotropic murine retroviruses. Although XMRV is no longer regarded as an infection of humans, a lesson was learnt in modern virology that holds deeper implications for biomedical research, particularly stem cell generation and transplantation practices.
Rapid prototyping of fault tolerant VLSI systems

We relate fault-tolerance constraints to chip area and present a methodology for rapidly compiling an algorithmic description into area-efficient fault-tolerant VLSI ICs. Whereas detection and recovery from environment induced transient faults is accomplished by checkpointing and rollback, uninterrupted operation for the lifetime of a mission is ensured by injecting redundancy. Towards validating this methodology, we synthesized fault tolerant implementations of a 16-point FIR filter starting from an algorithmic description. These fault-tolerant designs were then critically appraised. <<ETX>>