Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
School Variation in Students’ Experiences of High School Relationship and Marriage Education Courses

Previous research on high school relationship and marriage education (RME) has shown small but positive course effects. However, these studies have pooled results across schools, without exploring differences in outcomes by school. This article examines variations in students’ RME course experiences by school, captured in interviews. It compares these against the average change in students’ relationship skills from pre- to postexposure at each school, measured in surveys. Results show that at schools where students show quantitative gains in relationship skills during the course, qualitative differences are also visible—students discuss learning a wide variety of course lessons, relevant to both adolescent and adult relationships. At schools where students do not show quantitative gains in relationship skills, they describe learning a limited number of lessons. Findings confirm the importance of exploring variation in course effects across schools and demonstrate that successful courses affect students in a variety of respects simultaneously.
Severe stress, depressive symptoms, and changes in lymphocyte subsets in human immunodeficiency virus-infected men. A 2-year follow-up study.

BACKGROUND This study examined how severe stress and depressive symptoms were related to changes in immune measures during a 2-year period in a sample of gay men with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. These analyses follow up our initial cross-sectional observations that severe stress was correlated with lower levels of natural killer (NK) cells and CD8+ T lymphocytes in these men. METHODS Data were collected in North Carolina as part of an ongoing, longitudinal study, the Coping in Health and Illness Project. Sixty-six HIV-infected gay men, who were asymptomatic at baseline, were assessed systematically at 6-month intervals. RESULTS Severe stress and depressive symptoms were independently related to decreases on immune measures from entry to 2-year follow-up, that is, declines in CD8+ T cells and CD56+ and CD16+ NK cell subsets. Subjects most likely to have decreases on these immune measures were those who scored above the median on both stress and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Our findings are among the first prospective data showing that stress and depressive symptoms, especially when they occur jointly, are associated with decreased number of NK and CD8+ T lymphocytes in HIV-infected men. Since these immune cells may play a protective role in the progression of HIV infection, our data suggest that stress and depressive symptoms may have clinical implications for the course of this disease.
Integrating Service Learning and Difficult Dialogues Pedagogy to Advance Social Justice Training

The integration of service learning and difficult dialogues pedagogy is one avenue for enhancing counseling psychology social justice training. We provide an illustration of this integrative model including advocacy and systems perspectives, and propose that the model can be applied to other service learning foci within counseling psychology training. The article presents an ongoing project that provides counseling graduate students the opportunity to implement skills in career and employment counseling with homeless and near homeless individuals, as well as to develop greater cultural sensitivity and humility. The model provides a structural framework for understanding poverty, homelessness, and bureaucratic systems of care as essential to knowledge, awareness, and skill development for social justice advocacy regarding social class and economic inequalities. Difficult dialogues are incorporated during pre-service, engagement, and debriefing stages of the training experience as a means of promoting best practices for social justice training in counseling psychology.
Raising the Voice: Teaching Through a Multicultural Lens

Questions pertaining to racial and cultural identification are salient among social work educators in their role as teachers in the classroom. In the context of the 21st century, as an increasing number of people cannot be classified by race, an awareness of the complexities of cultural and racial identity is more important than ever. For social work pedagogy there is a need for critical reflection, increased awareness, sensitivity to multiculturalism, and cultural diversity. As social work educators, it is crucial for us to teach through the lens of multiculturalism and create spaces for voices of students who belie traditional racial and ethnic categories. This article elevates the voices of Black ethnic women, underscoring the complexity of identity construction within the United States. Qualitative interviews explore the dynamic social constructions of identification for 10 women who identify as Black and ethnic, as one example of a nuanced differentiation of race and culture. This article is a discussion of research findings and includes implications for teaching social work practice that broaden our range of understanding and highlight representations of women with marginal identities, thus furthering our social justice mission.
Sexual Harassment in Sport

Sexual harassment at institutions of higher learning is not a new phenomenon, but discussions of this problem in the sporting arena and in related research are still scarce. Most studies have focused on student-instructor relationships, while few analyses have analysed coach-athlete relationships. This study examines American female college athletes' experiences with, and emotional responses to, sexual harassment in sport by coaches. The findings clearly demonstrate that the athletic world does not differ with regard to occurrences of sexual harassment compared to other social domains. Thus, in order to guarantee a safe learning environment in athletics for all participants, it is necessary to formulate clear guidelines, set up educational workshops and implement intervention programs.
The Effect of Mid-Season Coach Turnover on Team Performance: The Case of the National Hockey League (1989–2003)

This study investigated the effects of 15 mid-season coaching turnovers on team performance in the National Hockey League (NHL) from 1989 to 2003. Team performance was tracked for one full season before the turnover (T1), the season of transition before and after the turnover (T2 and T3 respectively) and one full season following the year of transition (T4). Overall team performance improved from . 35 at T2 to . 45 at T3 of available points earned. Furthermore, team performance continued to improve to 51 at T4. When coaching experience was considered, results showed that incoming coaches had less experience as an NHL head coach than their replaced counterparts. The current findings suggest that mid-season coach turnover does lead to improved team performance in the short-term and at least the full season following the turnover. Results also show that team performance improved despite the fact that inexperienced coaches replaced experienced coaches.
Bmc Cell Biology Smad7 and Protein Phosphatase 1α Are Critical Determinants in the Duration of Tgf-β/alk1 Signaling in Endothelial Cells

Background: In endothelial cells (EC), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) can bind to and transduce signals through ALK1 and ALK5. The TGF-β/ALK5 and TGF-β/ALK1 pathways have opposite effects on EC behaviour. Besides differential receptor binding, the duration of TGF-β signaling is an important specificity determinant for signaling responses. TGF-β/ALK1-induced Smad1/5 phosphorylation in ECs occurs transiently.
Selective Attention from Voluntary Control of Neurons in Prefrontal Cortex

The activity of neurons with both visual and motor properties in the frontal eye field can be controlled voluntarily. Animals can learn to voluntarily control neuronal activity within various brain areas through operant conditioning, but the relevance of that control to cognitive functions is unknown. We found that rhesus monkeys can control the activity of neurons within the frontal eye field (FEF), an oculomotor area of the prefrontal cortex. However, operantly driven FEF activity was primarily associated with selective visual attention, and not oculomotor preparation. Attentional effects were untrained and were observed both behaviorally and neurophysiologically. Furthermore, selective attention correlated with voluntary, but not spontaneous, fluctuations in FEF activity. Our results reveal a specific association of voluntarily driven neuronal activity with “top-down” attention and suggest a basis for the use of neurofeedback training to treat disorders of attention.
Evaluation of constrained and unconstrained SESSMPC applied in five-phase PMSM

This work presents a comparative analysis of a successively evaluated state space model-based predictive control approach used to drive a five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor. It is presented a five-phase motor modelling and control theoretical basis main concept, including the prediction model preparation, as well unconstrained and constrained formulations. Both formulations are used and compared to drive the motor, in the simulation results. The results satisfactorily demonstrate the advantages of the model-based predictive control to drive this motor, specially due to the constraints treatment.
Effects of tobacco smoking and gender on interhemispheric cognitive function: performance and confidence measures

Cognitive function in tasks involving interhemispheric processing of verbal and spatial information was studied in 31 college students in a 22 factorial design with chronic smoking status [smoker (10+cigarettes per day) versus non-smoker (no history of smoking)] and gender as the main between-subject factors. The subjects participated in two sessions on two consecutive days. The same task was repeated within the same session with a 15 min interval: smokers were tested before and after smoking whereas non-smokers rested during the interval. Dependent behavioral variables included those of performance (speed and accuracy) and confidence (low rate of non-responding). The verbal task yielded an expected female advantage, and smoking had the gender-specific effect of increasing both speed and accuracy more clearly in males. In addition, smoking decreased the rate of non-responding (increase confidence) in women, thereby affecting preferred strategies for problem solving by shifting the female pattern towards the male pattern. The spatial task, which probably involved a more perceptual, rather than cognitive, level of functioning, produced no clear effects of smoking and gender, and yielded some laterality effects. The acute within-subject smoking manipulation wherein, among smokers, the first test was preceded by 10 + h of deprivation, whereas the second repeated task was preceded by the smoking of a cigarette (i.e. deprivation followed by partial release) did not affect the behavioral measures. In conclusion, smoking had a gender-specific effect on cognitive function: it improved the performance of males in a verbal task and increased the subjective confidence of females thereby affecting the preferred cognitive strategies for problem solving.
Types of bullying behaviour and their correlates

Bjorkqvist, Lagerspetz, and Kaukiainen [(1992): Aggressive Behavior 18:117-127] suggested that there are significant differences in the types of aggressive behaviour-direct physical, direct verbal, and indirect-engaged in and experienced by boys and girls of different ages. This study reports on similar age and sex differences in the types of bullying behaviour found in British schools, based on a survey of 7,000 primary and secondary school pupils. It further relates these types of bullying to where victims were bullied, who bullied them, and whether an adult was told about bullying. Our analyses focused on whether age and sex differences characteristically found for these latter items could be explained by differences in types of bullying, or whether other factors were responsible. We also compare Olweus' measure of indirect bullying with our own.
A Feminist Theory of Corruption: Lessons from Iceland

Half a decade into a new global economic crisis, most policymakers, pundits, and scholars discuss the situation in nongendered ways, carting out long-standing criticisms of bloated states or of neoliberalism, despite powerful feminist critiques. At the same time, feminist scholars, particularly those within feminist political science (FPS) studying advanced democracies, have been struggling with a “central paradox . … The widespread formal adoption and development of … gender equality … initiatives … [but] their partial and variable institutionalization in terms of impact on institutional practices, norms, and outcomes” (Mackay, Monro, and Waylen 2009, 254–55). In this article, we make a case for a feminist theory of political corruption that can help explain both the economic crisis and this paradox of “strong equality policy, weak practice. ”
Test of a Theory of Delinquency

Farley's (1973) arousal/sensation-seeking model of delinquency was tested in part on a sample of adult male institutionalized addicts. The dependent measure was the type of discharge from the institution. Two categories of discharge were employed—a "good" discharge, meaning the subject left the hospital with consent of staff, having completed the program, and a "bad" discharge, meaning one or more serious rule infractions were involved in the discharge. The latter was essentially a delinquent discharge, and the former a normal discharge. Physiological (Reticular Activating System) arousal was measured by the two-flash threshold, and sensation-seeking by the Sensation-Seeking Scale. The prediction from theory that a greater frequency of "bad" discharges would be found in low arousal/high sensation-seeking persons relative to high arousal/low sensation-seeking persons, and that the latter would demonstrate more "good" discharges relative to the former, was significantly (p<.01) supported. The important implications of the environment for this biological approach to delinquency were discussed, and research directions suggested.
Visual Evoked Responses During Standing and Walking

Human cognition has been shaped both by our body structure and by its complex interactions with its environment. Our cognition is thus inextricably linked to our own and others’ motor behavior. To model brain activity associated with natural cognition, we propose recording the concurrent brain dynamics and body movements of human subjects performing normal actions. Here we tested the feasibility of such a mobile brain/body (MoBI) imaging approach by recording high-density electroencephalographic (EEG) activity and body movements of subjects standing or walking on a treadmill while performing a visual oddball response task. Independent component analysis of the EEG data revealed visual event-related potentials that during standing, slow walking, and fast walking did not differ across movement conditions, demonstrating the viability of recording brain activity accompanying cognitive processes during whole body movement. Non-invasive and relatively low-cost MoBI studies of normal, motivated actions might improve understanding of interactions between brain and body dynamics leading to more complete biological models of cognition.
Characterization of Catheter Dynamics During Percutaneous Transluminal Catheter Procedures

Remote catheter navigation systems are being developed to reduce the occupational risk of the intervening physician. Despite the success of such systems, development has occurred with little fundamental knowledge of the catheter dynamics applied by the interventionalist. This paper characterizes the kinematics of a catheter during manipulation, the minimum applied force/torque during interventional procedures, and the maximum force/torque applied by an operator to overcome vasculature friction. Ten operators manipulated a 6F catheter inside a specialized catheter movement sensor to determine the velocities and accelerations of catheter motion. A mass-spring apparatus was constructed to measure the forces and torques required to overcome introducer sheath and vasculature friction. Results showed the catheter was manipulated at peak velocities and accelerations of (muplusmnsigma) : 360 plusmn 180 mmldrs-1 and 22200 plusmn 14000 mmldrs-2, and 19 plusmn 7 radldrs-1 and 900 plusmn 510 radldrs-2, for axial and radial directions of motion, respectively. A minimum force of 0.29 plusmn 0.06 N and a torque of 1.15 plusmn0.3 mNldrm was required to move the catheter through the introducer sheath; while the observed maximum applied torque was 15 mNldrm to overcome vasculature friction. The implications of these results for future design optimization of an intuitive remote catheter navigation system are considered.
An in vitro evaluation of the anthelmintic activity of Hedychium spichatum rhizomes and Zingiber zerumbet rhizomes on the Pheritima Posthuma model: A comparative study

Ethanolic extracts of Hedychium spichatum rhizomes and Zingiber zerumbet rhizomes were taken for in vitro comparative studies on the anthelmintic activity against Pheritima posthuma. Different concentrations (25, 50, 100 mg/ml) of both the extracts were used for the activity. Varying albendazole concentrations (25, 50, 100 mg/ml) were used as a reference standard and normal saline (0.9% NaCl) was used for the control treatment. The results were expressed in terms of time in minutes to report the paralysis and time of death of the earthworms. The results obtained from the study indicate toward the anthelmintic activity, supporting folk use of both the plants when compared with the standard. The results also established that Z. zerumbet was a more potent candidature of as compared with H. spichatum.
On Becoming a Counsellor: Challenges and Opportunities to Support Interpersonal Skills Training

Well-developed interpersonal skills are crucial for all social interactions. However, understanding how interpersonal skills are taught or learned, and how technology can play a part in this, is yet an under-researched area in CSCW and HCI research. To start addressing this gap, our research explores the learning processes of counselling students, for whom developing interpersonal skills forms a fundamental part of their university education. We followed an iterative process to gain an in-depth understanding of a specific counselling program in the UK, combining interviews and low-fidelity technology prompts. Overall, 26 participants comprising tutors, students and expert counsellors took part. Our findings first provide insights into the highly collaborative and social learning process of the students. We highlight the complexity of interpersonal reflection as a crucial process for developing counselling skills, and identify the challenges to learning that students face. Second, we build on this understanding to draw out empirically grounded design considerations around opportunities for technology innovation in this setting.
Högläsning i förskola och förskoleklass : hur vanligt är det?

Vikten av att sprakstimulera barn i forskolan och forskoleklassen har i styrdokument och andra officiella texter fatt okat utrymme under det senaste decenniet. Detta har skett samtidigt som studier visar att boklasning i hemmiljo minskar i vissa grupper. Denna studie har genomforts for att fa en uppfattning om i vilken grad barn i aldern 1–6 ar erfar boklasning i forskolan och forskoleklassen. Syftet ar att undersoka hur frekvensen av hoglasning varierar mellan forskolor och mellan forskoleklasser samt om man laser for hela barngruppen samtidigt eller delar in bar- nen i sma grupper vid hoglasningstillfallena. Ytterligare ett syfte har varit att prova validiteten i datainsamlingsinstrumenten. Det empiriska materialet bestar av 384 enkater fran blivande larare med inriktning mot forsko- la/forskoleklass som under sin verksamhetsforlagda utbildning noterat den boklasning som fo- rekommit. Studenterna genomforde sin vfu under 2005–2007. Resultaten visar att flertalet studenter upplevde lasning nastan dagligen, men fa rapporterade daglig lasning for barnen. I forskolan var det vanligast att dela upp barnen i sma grupper vid lasning men i forskoleklassen laste man vanligen for alla samtidigt. I bade forsleklass forekommer det studenter som inte varit med om nagon hoglasning.
Does relative age influence motor test performance of fourth grade pupils?

The aim of the current study was to explore relative age’s influence on physical and motor tests among fourth grade children (9 to 10 years) from Germany. Data from 1218 children (49% female) who had performed the German Motor Ability Test (Bös et al., 2009) were analysed. The test battery, which was comprised of physical and motor tests, included 20 m sprint, balance backwards, jumping sideways, stand and reach, push-ups, sit-ups, standing broad jump, and six-minute run. Analyses of variance only revealed statistically significant effects for height, weight, and 20 m sprint time (p < .01) among boys, with relatively older boys performing better than relatively younger boys. For the girls, the only significant difference between quartiles was for height (p < .01), with the oldest quartiles being taller than the younger quartiles. These results may have implications for statistical vs. practical significance, sampling, and how youth are evaluated in physical education classes.
Treatment with cyclophosphamide supported by various dendritic cell-based vaccines induces diversification in CD4+ T cell response against MC38 colon carcinoma

The present study shows that an application of cyclophosphamide (CY) supported by dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccines affected differentiation of the activity of CD4+ T cell subpopulations accompanied by an alteration in CD8+ cell number. Vaccines were composed of bone marrow-derived DCs activated with tumor cell lysate (BM-DC/TAgTNF-α) and/or genetically modified DCs of JAWS II line (JAWS II/ Neo or JAWS II/IL-2 cells). Compared to untreated or CY-treated mice, the combined treatment of MC38 colon carcinoma-bearing mice resulted in significant tumor growth inhibition associated with an increase in influx of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells into tumor tissue. Whereas, the division of these cell population in spleen was not observed. Depending on the nature of DC-based vaccines and number of their applications, both tumor infiltrating cells and spleen cells were able to produce various amount of IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 after mitogenic ex vivo stimulation. The administration of CY followed by BM-DC/TAgTNF-α and genetically modified JAWS II cells, increased the percentage of CD4+T-bet+ and CD4+GATA3+ cells and decreased the percentage of CD4+RORγt+ and CD4+FoxP3+ lymphocytes. However, the most intensive response against tumor was noted after the ternary treatment with CY + BM-DC/TAgTNF-α + JAWS II/IL-2 cells. Thus, the administration of various DC-based vaccines was responsible for generation of the diversified antitumor response. These findings demonstrate that the determination of the size of particular CD4+ T cell subpopulations may become a prognostic factor and be the basis for future development of anticancer therapy.