Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Network Features Based Co-hyponymy Detection

Distinguishing lexical relations has been a long term pursuit in natural language processing (NLP) domain. Recently, in order to detect lexical relations like hypernymy, meronymy, co-hyponymy etc., distributional semantic models are being used extensively in some form or the other. Even though a lot of efforts have been made for detecting hypernymy relation, the problem of co-hyponymy detection has been rarely investigated. In this paper, we are proposing a novel supervised model where various network measures have been utilized to identify co-hyponymy relation with high accuracy performing better or at par with the state-of-the-art models.
The experience sampling method: its potential use in occupational therapy research

Occupational therapists rely on being able to understand which occupations are of value to clients and also appropriate to their needs. The Experience Sampling Method (ESM) was developed as a tool to study the experience of engaging in activities in everyday life. The purpose of this paper is to report on the findings of an ESM study of a group of final year occupational therapy students and to examine the strengths and limitations of this methodology. A modified version of an Experience Sampling Form (ESF) was used to measure flow. Of the 508 ESFs completed by the 11 participants over a one week period, 177 (31%) were found to be in flow, 51 (10%) anxiety, 104 (20%) boredom and 176 (35%) apathy. Many high flow experiences occurred while studying, usually alone and while reading and/or writing. The results indicate that ESM has the potential to be useful for describing in minutiae the patterns of an individual's daily experience. The major advantage of ESM is that it allows one to study the dynamics of emotions and other subjective states while a person engages in their normal daily occupations. The methodology has potential for use in clinical research as participants have the opportunity to describe their emotions while engaging in occupation. Copyright © 1996 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
Interaction of the central analgesic, tramadol, with the uptake and release of 5‐hydroxytryptamine in the rat brain in vitro

1 Tramadol is a centrally acting analgesic with low opioid receptor affinity and therefore presumably other mechanisms of analgesic action. Tramadol inhibits noradrenaline uptake but since 5‐hydroxytryptamine (5‐HT) is also involved in the modulation of pain perception, we tested the effects of tramadol on 5‐HT uptake and release in vitro. 2 Tramadol inhibited the uptake of [3H]‐5‐HT into purified rat frontal cortex synaptosomes with an IC50 of 3.1 μm. The (+)‐enantiomer was about four times more potent than the (−)‐enantiomer; the main metabolite of tramadol, O‐desmethyltramadol, was about ten times less potent. 3 Rat frontal cortex slices were preincubated with [3H]‐5‐HT, then superfused and stimulated electrically. Tramadol facilitated the basal outflow of [3H]‐5‐HT, at concentrations greater than 1 μm, while the uptake inhibitor 5‐nitroquipazine enhanced both basal and stimulation‐evoked overflow. Effects of the (+)‐enantiomer were more potent than either the racemate, the (−)‐enantiomer or the principal metabolite. 4 The effects of tramadol on the basal outflow of [3H]‐5‐HT were almost completely abolished when the superfusion medium contained a high concentration of the selective 5‐HT uptake blocker, 6‐nitroquipazine. 5 The results provide evidence for an interaction of tramadol with the neuronal 5‐HT transporter. An intact uptake system is necessary for the enhancement of extraneuronal 5‐HT concentrations by tramadol indicating an intraneuronal site of action.
Attitudes Toward the Treatment of Animals: A Study of Christian Groups in Australia

AbstractOne hundred and eighty-seven active churchgoers were surveyed regarding their attitudes toward the treatment of animals. Participants were members of five Christian denominations selected as representing theological positions ranging from liberal to conservative. The chief expectation of the study—that a more positive (i.e., humane) attitude would relate to a more liberal theological position—was confirmed.
Strengthening Africa’s Contributions to Child Development Research: Introduction

Abstract— The articles in this Special Section are based on contributions to an SRCD-sponsored invitational conference held in Victoria, Canada, in February 2009. This introductory article establishes the rationale for focusing on Africa as part of an effort to advance a more inclusive science of child development, provides a brief overview of the thrust of the other articles in the section, describes 2 research capacity-building initiatives that emerged from the conference, and concludes with reflective perspectives on conceptual and methodological considerations for a future African child development field.
Phonocardiography Signal Processing

Abstract The auscultation method is an important diagnostic indicator for hemodynamic anomalies. Heart sound classification and analysis play an important role in the auscultative diagnosis. The term phonocardiography refers to the tracing technique of heart sounds and the recording of cardiac acoustics vibration by means of a microphone-transducer. Therefore, understanding the nature and source of this signal is important to give us a tendency for developing a competent tool for further analysis and processing, in order to enhance and optimize cardiac clinical diagnostic approach. This book gives the reader an inclusive view of the main aspects in phonocardiography signal processing. Table of Contents: Introduction to Phonocardiography Signal Processing / Phonocardiography Acoustics Measurement / PCG Signal Processing Framework / Phonocardiography Wavelets Analysis / Phonocardiography Spectral Analysis / PCG Pattern Classification / Special Application of Phonocardiography / Phonocardiography Acoustic Im.
The Multidimensional and Dynamic Nature of Ethnic Identity

Abstract The present study explores the extent to which ethnic identity is multidimensional and susceptible to changes in social context. Two groups of Welsh adolescents were asked to write an essay either related or unrelated to English-Welsh conflicts. The y were then administered a multidimensional scaling questionnaire which involved having them make similarity judgments between various stimulus labels including certain Welsh and English social groups. It was found that both groups of subjects conceptualized the stimulus labels multidimensionally in terms of a Welsh-English cultural dimension and a radical separatist-conservative integrationist dimension. In addition, it was found that increasing the salience of intergroup conflict led Welshmen to closer affiliation with ingroups and an accentuated polarization of outgroups on the former dimension.
The Family Office as a Coordinating Mechanism Within the Ruling Class

er theorists also have argued that big businessmen and their descendants may still control, as well as own, the large corporations that dominate the economy (e.g. Burch, 1972; Dunn, 1974; Zeitlin, 1974; Sonquist and Koenig, 1975). In recent years yet another organization has come to the attention of power structure researchers that may operate to facilitate class cohesion and corporate control. This relatively unknown form of organization-the &dquo;family office&dquo;-may prove to be one of the more important means avail-
‘We are all vulnerable’

Ironically, while scholars and policy-makers have long referred to hate crime as a ‘message crime’, the assumption that those beyond the immediate victim are likewise intimidated by the violence has gone untested. Grounded in a recent study of the community impacts of hate crime, we offer some insights into these in terrorem effects of hate crime. We present here some of our qualitative findings. Interestingly, our findings suggest that, in many ways, awareness of violence directed toward another within an identifiable target group yields strikingly similar patterns of emotional and behavioural responses among vicarious victims. They, too, note a complex syndrome of reactions, including shock, anger, fear/vulnerability, inferiority, and a sense of the normativity of violence. And, like the proximal victim, the distal victims often engage in subsequent behavioural shifts, such as changing patterns of social interaction. On a positive note, there is also some evidence that these reactions can culminate not in withdrawal, but in the potential for community mobilization.
Why do so many people vote ‘unnaturally’? A cultural explanation for voting behaviour

The traditional class approach to politics maintains that the working class 'natu- rally' votes for left-wing parties because they represent its economic interests. Such tradi- tional voting patterns have, however, become less typical, giving rise to the 'Death of Class Debate' in political sociology. Against this background, using data collected in the Nether- lands in 1997, this article examines why so many people, working and middle class alike, vote for parties that do not represent their 'real class interests'. Critically elaborating Lipset's work on working-class authoritarianism and Inglehart's on postmaterialism, the article confirms that 'natural' voting complies with the logic of class analysis. 'Unnatural' voting, however, is not driven by economic cues and class. Right-wing working-class voting behaviour is caused by cultural conservatism that stems from limited cultural capital. The pattern of voting for the two small leftist parties in Dutch politics underscores the signifi- cance of this cultural explanation: those with limited cultural capital and culturally conser- vative values vote for the Socialist Party ('Old Left') rather than the Greens ('New Left'). Breaking the traditional monopoly of the one-sided class approach and using a more eclec- tic and open theoretical approach enables political sociologists once again to appreciate the explanatory power of the class perspective.
Different Training Modalities Improve Energy Cost and Performance in Master Runners

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of continuous moderate-intensity and discontinuous high-intensity training on running performance in master runners. Methods: Thirty-four male master runners (47.2 ± 7.4 years) were assigned to three different groups: continuous moderate-intensity training (CMIT), discontinuous high-intensity training (DHIT), and control group (CON). CMIT and DHIT performed 8-week of supervised training (3 session·wk−1; ~35 km·wk−1) while CON maintained their normal training habits (3–4 session·wk−1; ~50 km·wk−1). Peak oxygen consumption (V˙O2peak) and peak running speed (vpeak) during incremental treadmill exercise, gas exchange threshold (GET), speed at GET, energy cost of running (Cr), and 5-km performance were evaluated before and after training. Results: Following the training period, both CMIT and DHIT significantly reduced Cr (−4.4 and −4.9%, respectively, P < 0.05), increased speed at GET (3.4 and 5.7%, P < 0.05) and improved 5-km time-trial performance (3.1 and 2.2%, P < 0.05) whereas no differences were found for V˙O2peak and GET (as %V˙O2peak). After training, vpeak improved only for DHIT (6%, P < 0.05). No differences were found in any variable for CON. Conclusions: This study indicates that both CMIT and DHIT may positively affect running performance in middle-aged master runners. This improvement was achieved despite a significant reduction of the amount of weekly training volume.
Membrane Type 1 Matrix Metalloproteinase Regulates Monocyte Migration and Collagen Destruction in Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a global pandemic and drug resistance is rising. Multicellular granuloma formation is the pathological hallmark of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. The membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP or MMP-14) is a collagenase that is key in leukocyte migration and collagen destruction. In patients with TB, induced sputum MT1-MMP mRNA levels were increased 5.1-fold compared with matched controls and correlated positively with extent of lung infiltration on chest radiographs (r = 0.483; p < 0.05). M. tuberculosis infection of primary human monocytes increased MT1-MMP surface expression 31.7-fold and gene expression 24.5-fold. M. tuberculosis–infected monocytes degraded collagen matrix in an MT1-MMP–dependent manner, and MT1-MMP neutralization decreased collagen degradation by 73%. In human TB granulomas, MT1-MMP immunoreactivity was observed in macrophages throughout the granuloma. Monocyte–monocyte networks caused a 17.5-fold increase in MT1-MMP surface expression dependent on p38 MAPK and G protein–coupled receptor-dependent signaling. Monocytes migrating toward agarose beads impregnated with conditioned media from M. tuberculosis–infected monocytes expressed MT1-MMP. Neutralization of MT1-MMP activity decreased this M. tuberculosis network–dependent monocyte migration by 44%. Taken together, we demonstrate that MT1-MMP is central to two key elements of TB pathogenesis, causing collagen degradation and regulating monocyte migration.
Library leadership in times of crisis and change

Purpose – This paper addresses the coverage of issues related to crisis and societal change in the scholarly literature in relation to libraries, information services, and access to information and the leadership role of librarians and libraries in addressing such issues.Design/methodology/approach – The paper provides an overview and analysis of the general issue of change in the literature review, as well as a discussion of war and terrorism, civil and natural disasters, social movements, medical and healthcare crises and needs, and large‐scale economic and technological shifts. The research results address the extent to which these major economic, political, technological and social changes have been addressed in four quarterly, peer‐reviewed library and information science journals over the past six years and the extent to which the focus of the published research and discussion has shifted over the past six years.Findings – Research based on analysis of the journal literature reflects the documentati.
Algorithm 628: An algorithm for constructing canonical bases of polynomial ideals

The notion of GrGbner bases for polynomial ideals, which is central to this paper, is given by the following: Definition. A finite set F of polynomials in K[xl, . , x,] is called a canonical basis or Grtibner basis (for the ideal generated by F) if and only if (GB) for arbitrary polynomials f, g, h E K[xl, . , x,]: if f +F g, f “F h, and g, h are irreducible modulo +F, then g = h. Here, ‘f +‘I? g” means that ‘f may be reduced to g modulo F m by applying a certain reduction process that may be considered as a “generalized division. ” For the exact definition of this reduction relation and examples, we refer to [4] and [6]. (GB) is equivalent to the assertion that ‘F has the Church-Rosser property, whose fundamental importance in rewrite systems is well known (see, e.g., [22]). The problem of constructing Grijbner bases for polynomial ideals is characterized by the following:
Efficient Generic Zero-Knowledge Proofs from Commitments

Even though Zero-knowledge has existed for more than 30 years, few generic constructions for Zero-knowledge exist. In this paper we present a new kind of commitment scheme on which we build a novel and efficient Zero-knowledge protocol for circuit satisfiability. We can prove knowledge of the AES-key which map a particular plaintext to a particular ciphertext in less than 4 seconds with a soundness error of 2−40. Our protocol only requires a number of commitments proportional to the security parameter with a small constant (roughly 5).
Normative Influences on Impulsive Buying Behavior

Although consumer researchers have investigated impulse buying for nearly 50 years, almost no research has empirically examined its normative aspects. This article presents conceptual and empirical evidence that consumers' normative evaluations (i.e., judgments about the appropriateness of engaging in impulse buying behavior) moderate the relationship between the impulse buying trait and consumers' buying behaviors. Specifically, the relationship between the buying impulsiveness trait and related buying behaviors is significant only when consumers believe that acting on impulse is appropriate. The findings from two studies across student and retail customer samples converge and support the hypothesized moderating role of consumers' normative evaluations.
Conformists or rebels? Relative risk aversion, educational decisions and social class reproduction

This paper tests the theory of Relative Risk Aversion (RRA), which argues that educational decisions are intended to minimize the risk of downward social class mobility. We propose a structural model which distinguishes the instantaneous utility of educational decisions from the future utility of these decisions with respect to reproducing one’s parents’ social class position. We analyse British data and find that RRA accounts for some of the observed social class differences in educational decisions. We also find that while more than 90% of individuals derive utility from reproducing their parents’ social class position (RRA ‘conformists’), a small group of individuals experience disutility from reaching their parents’ social class position (RRA ‘rebels’). Individuals who experience disutility from reproducing their parents’ social class position are characterized by low cognitive ability and a high incidence of behavioural problems in childhood.
Analyzing Campus Crime And Police Resources: Implications For Policy-Makers*

Today, college faculty, students, administrators and legislators have become increasingly concerned about the frequency and magnitude of crimes occurring within the campus setting. In many states campus law enforcement departments provide general police services and are the direct link to the criminal justice system. This paper describes the systematic collection and analysis of comparative data regarding campus crime rates and police resources in one of the nation's largest state university systems. Policy and decision-making implications derived from the data analysis process are identified.
Implementing and evaluating aphasia therapy targeted at couples' conversations: A single case study

Background: In recent years conversation has become an area of interest for aphasia therapy, with several studies using conversation analysis (CA) to target and evaluate therapy. Most of these studies have focused on the main conversation partner of the person with aphasia, and in particular have targeted the partner's pedagogic behaviours in relation to the person with aphasia. Evaluations of therapy have primarily taken the form of qualitative analyses of change in conversational behaviours. Aims: This single-case intervention study aims to advance research into interaction-focused intervention for aphasia in the following ways: by targeting intervention at the person with aphasia and the main conversation partner as a couple; by focusing on conversational behaviours where the person with aphasia can be seen to be restricted by the conversational actions of the conversation partner, in particular by recurrent questioning using closed questions and yes/no interrogatives; and by using a novel combination of qualitative and quantitative approaches to evaluate the intervention. Methods & Procedures: CA was used to target and evaluate interaction-focused intervention for a couple where one partner has aphasia. Evidence for change was evaluated using qualitative and quantitative evidence of change in conversational behaviours; evidence from naïve raters of pre- and post-intervention conversation extracts; and interview/other feedback from the conversation partner. Outcomes & Results: There was evidence that the intervention had changed the couple's conversational behaviours. In particular, the conversational behaviours of the non-aphasic partner were in general less restricting for the person with aphasia in that she was now using fewer questions and more instance of other types of turns, such as paraphrases. Following intervention the person with aphasia had also changed in that he was now producing turns that had more sentences, or attempts at sentences, and which developed the topic of talk across several of his turns. Conclusions: The study provides evidence that directly targeting the conversational behaviours of the person with aphasia and/or a main conversational partner can produce positive change, and can achieve this in a way that is ecologically valid. In particular, it highlights the usefulness of targeting conversational behaviours that are proving to be maladaptive for the participants. It provides further evidence that creating change in the non-aphasic partner's conversational behaviour may facilitate change in the person with aphasia's conversational and linguistic performance.
BODY IMAGE AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN PEOPLE LIVING WITH HEART DISEASE

Context: Little is known about body image and its relationship with physical activity (PA) among people living with heart disease. Purpose: To determine the prevalence and stability of body image issues over time in heart patients, and to determine the bi-directional relationship between body image and PA over time. Method: Participants who completed cardiac rehabilitation (CR; n = 31), and who declined CR (n = 28) were recruited. Participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing body image and PA at two time intervals, three months apart. Results: Up to 9.7% of participants in CR and 10.7% of those not in CR reported high body image concerns. Repeated measures ANOVAs revealed body image changed over time in people not in CR (body surveillance, Wilk’s λ = .768, F = 8.15, p = .008; control beliefs, Wilk’s λ = .837, F = 5.28, p = .030). Linear regressions showed that minutes of moderate PA predicted body image (body shame, β = -.372, t = -.2.12, p = .043) in people in CR, and that body image (control beliefs) predicted minutes of moderate PA (β = .384, t =2.12, p = .044) in people not in CR. Conclusion/Implications: This research has the potential to lead to the development of more effective PA interventions, thus improving the longevity and quality of life of heart patients.
Model Minority and Learning Disabilities: Double Jeopardy for Asian Immigrant Children in the USA

There exists a scarcity of discourse in the education of ethnic Asian students with disabilities in the USA, due to their historical under-representation in the disability population and the ‘model minority’ thesis. This colloquium aims to examine the ramifications of the model minority label with regard to equitable access and schooling for Asian immigrant students with learning disabilities. The colloquium briefly analyzes the political and social impact of the model minority thesis, before exploring how the model minority label has negatively influenced the opportunities of post-1965 Asian immigrant children with learning disabilities for equitable education, in the hope of bringing greater awareness of the needs of these children. Here, it is argued that the model minority label and learning disabilities have invisibly marginalized and deprived Asian immigrant and Asian American students of equitable education.