Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Starting Over: A Preliminary Study of Early Lexical and Syntactic Development in Internationally Adopted Preschoolers

To explore early language acquisition in internationally adopted preschoolers, we collected parental reports (CDI-2) and speech samples from 14 children adopted from China between the ages of 2 years, 7 months and 5 years, 1 month. Their lexical and syntactic development was qualitatively similar to infants acquiring English as a first language: nouns and social words dominated early vocabularies; verbs and closed-class items became more frequent as vocabulary size increased; and lexical and syntactic development were tightly correlated. This research has several implications for clinicians. First, it demonstrates that parental reports provide valid information during the first year after adoption and could be useful in identifying preschool children in need of further assessment. Nine to 15 months after arrival many children reached the ceiling of the CDI-2, suggesting that this instrument has limited utility after the first year. Finally, the rapid lexical and syntactic growth of these children suggests that many of them may eventually catch up with their native-born peers.
The high energy emission line spectrum of NGC 1068

We present and discuss the high energy ($E>4$ keV) XMM– Newton spectrum of the Seyfert 2 galaxy, NGC 1068. Possible evidence for flux variability in both the neutral and ionized reflectors with respect to a BeppoSAX observation taken 3.5 years before is found. Several Fe and Ni emission lines, from both neutral and highly ionized material, are detected. The intensity of the iron K α Compton shoulder implies that the neutral reflector is Compton–thick, likely the visible inner wall of the $N_{\rm H} > 10^{25}$ cm -2 absorber. From the equivalent width of the ionized iron lines a column density of a few $\times 10^{21}$ cm -2 is deduced for the hot ionized reflector. Finally, an iron (nickel) overabundance, when compared to solar values, of about 2 (4) with respect to lower Z elements, is found.
Trastuzumab: A Picky Partner?

Preclinical and clinical models of HER2-positive breast cancer show that human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapy with trastuzumab adds significant benefits and modest risks to conventional cytotoxic therapies. Building on this advance will likely depend on elucidation of relevant signaling pathways and mechanisms of action for effective HER2-targeted therapies. (Clin Cancer Res 2009;15(20):6311–3)
Stress management techniques: evidence-based procedures that reduce stress and promote health

Purpose: According to the World Health Organization, stress is a significant problem of our times and affects both physical as well as the mental health of people. Stress is defined as a situation where the organism‘s homeostasis is threatened or the organism perceives a situation as threatening. Stress coping methods are the cognitive, behavioral and psychological efforts to deal with stress. Method: After a thorough literature review in major databases (MEDLINE, Scopus, Science Direct) the following techniques were identified and are presented and briefly discussed here: progressive muscle relaxation, autogenic training, relaxation response, biofeedback, emotional freedom technique, guided imagery, diaphragmatic breathing, transcendental meditation, cognitive behavioral therapy, mindfulness-based stress reduction and emotional freedom technique. Conclusion: These are all evidence-based techniques, easy to learn and practice, with good results in individuals with good health or with a disease.
Local Trinary Patterns for human action recognition

We present a novel action recognition method which is based on combining the effective description properties of Local Binary Patterns with the appearance invariance and adaptability of patch matching based methods. The resulting method is extremely efficient, and thus is suitable for real-time uses of simultaneous recovery of human action of several lengths and starting points. Tested on all publicity available datasets in the literature known to us, our system repeatedly achieves state of the art performance. Lastly, we present a new benchmark that focuses on uncut motion recognition in broadcast sports video.
Family Processes in Child and Adolescent Anxiety and Depression

Anxiety and depression tend to run in families. This paper reviews some of the family processes that are implicated in the development, maintenance, and treatment of these problems in children and adolescents. Empirical studies and our theoretical review show that social learning processes within the context of intimate relationships are important in the development of anxiety and depression. Family processes have been shown to be important in the treatment of anxiety disorders but parallel evidence is lacking with regard to depression in adolescents. Two models are shown to have demonstrated explanatory power and empirical support: social learning theory and attachment theory. Examples are given of how these models can be contrasted and integrated at both clinical and theoretical levels.
Stock market trend prediction using a sparse Bayesian framework

The aim of this study is to develop a relevance vector machine-a RVM classifier for trend prediction of the BELEX15 index of the Belgrade Stock Exchange. In addition, the RVM model is compared to two `similar' methods: support vector machines - SVMs and least squares support vector machines - LS-SVMs to analyze their classification precisions and complexity. The test results indicate tha tRVMs outperform benchmarking models and are suitable for short-term stock market trend predictions.
The Interplay of Subjective Essentialism and Entitativity in the Formation of Stereotypes

In line with our subjective essentialist view of stereotypes (Yzerbyt, Rocher, & Schadron, 1997), we propose that two classes of factors that mutually reinforce each other influence the perception of groups. The perception of a strong level of similarity and organization among group members (i.e., group entitativity) suggests the existence of a deep essence that would account for the detected regularities. Conversely, the existence of naïve theories regarding the presence of an underlying core encourages the search for resemblances and connections within the group. After a short presentation of the recent literature dealing with the concepts of entitativity and essentialism, we review a series of studies from our laboratory showing the impact of entitativity on essentialism as well as the influence of essentialism on entitativity. We also provide empirical evidence for this bidirectional process from both the outsider and the insider perspective. Finally, we examine the potential role of cultural differences both in the ascription of a fundamental nature to an entitative assembly of people and in the use of a priori naïve theories to create surface similarity among group members. As a set, these efforts point to the importance of taking into account the constant dialogue between perceiver's theory-based explanations and group member's perceptual characteristics if one wishes to understand group stereotypes.
Late points for random walks in two dimensions

Let τ n (x) denote the time of first visit of a point x on the lattice torus Z 2 n = 2 2 /nZ 2 by the simple random walk. The size of the set of a, n-late points £ n (α) = {x ∈ Z 2 n : Tn(x) ≥ α4 π (n log n) 2 } is approximately n 2(1-α) , for α ∈ (0,1) [£ n (α) is empty if a > 1 and n is large enough]. These sets have interesting clustering and fractal properties: we show that for β e (0, 1), a disc of radius n β centered at nonrandom x typically contains about n 2β(1-α/β2) points from £ n (α) (and is empty if β < √α), whereas choosing the center x of the disc uniformly in £ n (α) boosts the typical number of α, n-late points in it to n 2β(1-α) . We also estimate the typical number of pairs of a, n-late points within distance n β of each other; this typical number can be significantly smaller than the expected number of such pairs, calculated by Brummelhuis and Hilhorst [Phys. A 176 (1991) 387-408]. On the other hand, our results show that the number of ordered pairs of late points within distance n β of each other is larger than what one might predict by multiplying the total number of late points, by the number of late points in a disc of radius n β centered at a typical late point.
PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI ORGANISASI, STRES KERJA, DAN MOTIVASI KERJA TERHADAP EFEKTIVITAS KERJA KARYAWAN DENGAN KEPUASAN KERJA SEBAGAI VARIABEL INTERVENING PADA PT UNGARAN SARI GARMENTS III PRINGAPUS UNIT PRINGAPUS III DEPARTEMEN SEWING ASSEMBLY LINE

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh komunikasi organisasi, stres kerja, dan motivasi kerja terhadap efektivitas kerja dengan kepuasan kerja sebagai variabel intervening pada karyawan di departemen sewing assembly line unit Pringapus III PT Ungaran Sari Garments III Pringapus. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode Purposive Random Sampling terhadap 87 karyawan di departemen sewing assembly line unit Pringapus III PT Ungaran Sari Garments III Pringapus dan dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda dengan SPSS versi 20.0 for windows. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi organisasi mempunyai pengaruh positif signifikan paling besar terhadap kepuasan kerja dibandingkan stres kerja dan motivasi kerja. Pengujian Goodness of Fit menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi organisasi dan motivasi kerja berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepuasan kerja. Pengujian koefisien determinasi menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi organisasi, stres kerja, dan motivasi kerja mempunyai pengaruh 75,2% terhadap kepuasan kerja, sedangkan kepuasan kerja mempunyai pengaruh 79,7% terhadap efektivitas kerja. Kata kunci : komunikasi organisasi, stres kerja, motivasi kerja, kepuasan kerja, efektivitas kerja
Galton's Fallacy and Tests of the Convergence Hypothesis (Now published in Scandinavian Journal of Economics 95 (4), 1993, pp.427-443.)

Recent tests for the convergence hypothesis derive from regressing average growth rates on initial levels: a negative initial coefficient is interpreted as convergence. These tests turn out to be plagued by Galton's classical fallacy of regression towards the mean. Using a dynamic version of Galton's fallacy, I establish that coefficients of arbitrary signs in such regressions are consistent with an unchanging cross-section distribution of incomes. Alternative, more direct empirics used here show a tendency for divergence, rather than convergence, of cross-country incomes.
Electrical activity-triggered glucagon-like peptide-1 secretion from primary murine L-cells

Non‐technical summary Glucagon like peptide 1 (GLP‐1) based therapies are now widely used for the treatment of diabetes. The physiological source of the hormone is the intestinal L‐cell, and attempts to boost secretion have been hindered by difficulties in distinguishing these cells from their epithelial neighbours and our consequent limited understanding of their physiology. Using recently developed transgenic mice with fluorescently labelled L‐cells, we show that these cells are electrically active and use voltage‐gated ion channels to couple the presence of nutrients to the secretion of GLP‐1. We present the identification and characterisation of the ion channels. This improves our understanding of enteroendocrine physiology and will support therapeutic programmes aiming to target gut hormone secretion.
Asset Liquidity and Stock Liquidity: International Evidence

This study examines the relationship between asset liquidity and stock liquidity across 47 countries. In support of the valuation uncertainty hypothesis, we find that firms with greater asset liquidity on average have higher stock liquidity. More importantly, our study shows that asset liquidity plays a more significant role in resolving valuation uncertainty in countries with poor information environment. For example, we find that the asset–stock liquidity relationship is stronger in countries with poor accounting standards. We further find evidence that after the adoption of IFRS, the improved accounting information environment results in a weaker asset–stock liquidity relation, but only in countries with a strong legal regime. Finally, our study shows that the positive asset–stock liquidity relationship may be attributed to transparency and/or liquidity reasons.
First steps in the FabLab: experiences engaging children

Fabrication Laboratories (FabLabs) all over the world aim to provide widespread access to computer controlled machines for personal fabrication. However while they are enjoying increasing popularity worldwide, there is little understanding of children's interactions with technologies in FabLabs and how to support them. In this paper, we reflect on our experiences running five out-of-school workshops in the Vienna FabLab over the period of half a year with 50 children aged 10 to 14 years old. We introduce the workshop activities and trace how children's assumptions developed throughout the workshop towards the technologies. The insight gained from this work is a valuable first step for future developments engaging children with digital fabrication technologies.
Metacognitive Habits: Contradiction in Terms or Valid Theoretical Concept? The Role of Metacognition in Habitual Behavior

ABSTRACT The aim of the present article is to present data showing that habitual actions might be conceptualized as metacognitive habits. The study is based on 3 data collections assessing smoking and school attendance. Habits were measured by a self-report habit index (SRHI) scale that assesses the level in which given behaviors are performed without self-awareness. Metacognitions were measured by the Mental Constructions (MCs) scale that assesses the level of awareness in performing behaviors in question. The results show that MCs and SRHI have (a) moderate to strong positive correlations and (b) similar relations to dependent variables. The study concludes that the further explorations of metacognitive habits are warranted.
Response of Sea Ice to the Arctic Oscillation

Abstract Data collected by the International Arctic Buoy Programme from 1979 to 1998 are analyzed to obtain statistics of sea level pressure (SLP) and sea ice motion (SIM). The annual and seasonal mean fields agree with those obtained in previous studies of Arctic climatology. The data show a 3-hPa decrease in decadal mean SLP over the central Arctic Ocean between 1979–88 and 1989–98. This decrease in SLP drives a cyclonic trend in SIM, which resembles the structure of the Arctic Oscillation (AO). Regression maps of SIM during the wintertime (January–March) AO index show 1) an increase in ice advection away from the coast of the East Siberian and Laptev Seas, which should have the effect of producing more new thin ice in the coastal flaw leads; 2) a decrease in ice advection from the western Arctic into the eastern Arctic; and 3) a slight increase in ice advection out of the Arctic through Fram Strait. Taken together, these changes suggest that at least part of the thinning of sea ice recently observed ov.
Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation of Sugar Beet Pulp for Efficient Bioethanol Production

Sugar beet pulp, a byproduct of sugar beet processing, can be used as a feedstock in second-generation ethanol production. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of pretreatment, of the dosage of cellulase and hemicellulase enzyme preparations used, and of aeration on the release of fermentable sugars and ethanol yield during simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) of sugar beet pulp-based worts. Pressure-thermal pretreatment was applied to sugar beet pulp suspended in 2% w/w sulphuric acid solution at a ratio providing 12% dry matter. Enzymatic hydrolysis was conducted using Viscozyme and Ultraflo Max (Novozymes) enzyme preparations (0.015–0.02 mL/g dry matter). Two yeast strains were used for fermentation: Ethanol Red (S. cerevisiae) (1 g/L) and Pichia stipitis (0.5 g/L), applied sequentially. The results show that efficient simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of sugar beet pulp was achieved. A 6 h interval for enzymatic activation between the application of enzyme preparations and inoculation with Ethanol Red further improved the fermentation performance, with the highest ethanol concentration reaching 26.9 ± 1.2 g/L and 86.5 ± 2.1% fermentation efficiency relative to the theoretical yield.
The Giotto Methodology Separating Reactivity from Scheduling

trol software development based on Giotto [2], a domain-specific high-level programming language for control applications. A Giotto program explicitly specifies the exact real-time interaction of software components with the physical world. The Giotto compiler automatically generates timing code that ensures the specified behavior on a given platform. This article illustrates the Giotto methodology by reimplementing the controller for an autonomously flying model helicopter originally developed at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich [3]. We demonstrate that Giotto introduces a negligible overhead and at the same time increases the reliability and reusability of the control software. The article begins with a conceptual overview of the Giotto methodology. We explain how Giotto helps to automate the control software development process and to improve the quality of the resulting code. We then report on the Giotto helicopter project. We use the autopilot software for the helicopter to guide an informal presentation of the Giotto language and of the Simulink/Giotto (S/G) translator, which extracts a Giotto program from a Giotto control model specified in Simulink. This is followed by a brief discussion of the compilation and execution of the Giottobased control system. The article concludes with a summary of available Giotto implementations and pointers to related work.
The challenge of training supervisors to use direct assessments of clinical competence in CBT consistently: a systematic review and exploratory training study

Abstract Evaluating and enhancing supervisee competence is a key function of supervision and can be aided by the use of direct assessments of clinical competence, e.g. the Cognitive Therapy Scale – Revised (CTS-R). We aimed to review the literature regarding inter-rater reliability and training on the CTS and CTS-R to present exploratory data on training raters to use this measure. We employed a systematic review. An exploratory study evaluated the outcomes of a CTS-R supervisor training workshop (n = 34), including self-reported familiarity with and confidence in using the tool, and inter-rater consistency on three CTS-R subscales, pre- and post-training. CTS and CTS-R inter-rater reliability was variable, with evidence of rater training enhancing reliability, although the form, duration and frequency of such training is unclear. The exploratory study found that supervisors rated themselves as more familiar with and confident in using the CTS-R at the end of training compared to at the beginning. However, inter-rater reliability was poor at the beginning and end of the training. Rating competence requires supervisors to make qualitative judgements, which is inherently variable. Training raters has been shown to improve rater reliability, although this was not demonstrated in the exploratory study. Practice implications and future research priorities are identified.
Insights into molecular mechanisms of contact hypersensitivity gained from gene knockout studies

Contact hypersensitivity (CHS), a dendritic‐cell (DC)‐dependent, T‐cell‐mediated skin immune response to reactive haptens, has been a subject of intense research for many years. The molecular mechanisms underlying CHS are complicated and are not fully understood. During the past few years, varieties of gene‐targeted knockout mice have been used in the study of CHS. Such studies have contributed significantly to our understanding of the mechanisms responsible for the initiation of CHS. This review focuses on insights into molecular requirements for CHS gained from knockout studies.
Accessibility of Hotels for People with Visual Impairments: From Research to Practice

Introduction Standards are available to guide tourism facilities in providing barrier-free environments for the independence, convenience, and safety of people with disabilities. These standards can be especially beneficial to individuals who face many barriers in daily life and tourism activities, such as those with visual impairments. On the other hand, some barriers faced by individuals with visual impairments in this arena are specific and may not be improved by only these regulations. Purpose The purpose of this study was to find the main barriers in hotels and evaluate the accessibility of hotels for people with visual impairments. Methods Qualitative research methods were used to explore determinants of barriers to the accessibility of tourism facilities for people with visual impairments. Semi-structured, open-ended questions were distributed to individuals with visual impairments. Results Sixty-six participants with visual impairments shared their experiences with hotels. Themes that emerged from the data were categorized into three settings: entrance, guest rooms, and other hotel settings. People with visual impairments discussed all hotel settings with regard to signage; braille; lighting, color, and contrast; and layout. Discussion Those with visual impairments expressed needs that related specifically to their own disabilities. Their problems are clear and can be solved if hotel managers focus on their needs. Standards and checklists can be helpful to solve many problems, but they are not meaningful without real audits. The needs of people with visual impairments do not require considerable investments but rather a transformation in existing attitudes and policies. Implications for practitioners From the findings, an accessibility checklist was developed for hotel managers to address barriers for people with visual impairments.
Effect of horror clips on the physiology of ANS & heart using ECG signal classification

The present study reports the effect of showing horror movie clip on the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and the physiology of the conduction pathway of the heart of the volunteers. The volunteers were in the age group of 21-23 years of age and were of multi-ethnic culture. Horror clip was used to modulate the emotional states of the volunteers. The physiology of the ANS was studied non-invasively using heart rate variability (HRV) features. The changes in the physiology of the conduction pathway were monitored using ECG features and wavelet processed ECG signals. The HRV features suggested parasympathetic dominance during post-stimulus period. The time domain features were found to be significantly different using non-linear classifiers. Automated neural network based classification suggested > 80 % classification efficiency.
The X-Ray-faint Emission of the Supermassive Nuclear Black Hole of IC 1459

Chandra observations of the supermassive black hole in the nucleus of IC 1459 show a weak (LX = 8 × 1040 ergs s-1, 0.3-8 keV), unabsorbed nuclear X-ray source, with a slope Γ = 1.88 ± 0.09, and no strong Fe K line at 6.4 keV (EW < 382 eV). This describes a normal active galactic nucleus (AGN) X-ray spectrum but lies at 3 × 10-7 below the Eddington limit. The spectral energy distribution of the IC 1459 nucleus is extremely radio-loud compared to normal radio-loud quasars. The nucleus is surrounded by a hot interstellar medium (kT ~ 0.5-0.6 keV) with an average density of 0.3 cm-3, within the central ~180 pc radius, which is comparable to the gravitational capture radius, rA ~ 140 pc. We estimate that for a standard AGN efficiency of 10%, the Bondi accretion would correspond to a luminosity of ~6 × 1044 ergs s-1, nearly 4 orders of magnitude higher than LX. ADAF solutions can explain the X-ray spectrum, but not the high radio/X-ray ratio. A jet model fits the radio-100 μm and X-ray spectra well. The total power in this jet is ~10% of LBondi, implying that accretion close to the Bondi rate is needed.