Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of thermal imaging for people detection in outdoor scenarios

In this work we evaluate the performance of a trained people detector like Implicit Shape Models (ISM) on thermal images. We compare its performance against two baseline algorithms. One is a simple thresholding approach that detects high temperature blobs in the same thermal images, an approach which is commonly used. Additionally, we compare the results on thermal data to results of the same detector working on images from the visible spectrum that are taken from a camera mounted close to the thermal one. Experiments are conducted on both indoor and outdoor data. Outdoor data was recorded at different temperatures and with a moving robot. The conclusion of this paper is that for indoor usage under normal circumstances simple blob detectors are sufficient. But outdoors a trained people detector outperforms the blob detector by far. Also, the results of the blob detector get much worse on warmer days which hints in the direction that blob detectors will also fail during unusual circumstances indoors, like during a fire. The use of thermal images helps the ISM detector to distinguish people from background clutter and, therefore, the performance of the detector is better on thermal images than on images from the visible spectrum showing the same scene.
EL PERFIL DE LOS CORREDORES Y SU PROPENSIÓN AL ACCIDENTE DEPORTIVO

Se evalua las relaciones entre el perfil sociodemografico, la accidentabilidad y la propension al accidente de los participantes en tres eventos deportivos: Zurich Marato de Barcelona, Cros de Muntanya Can Caralleu, y Marato Borreda-Xtrail. Una adaptacion del cuestionario de propension al accidente deportivo (PAD-22) de Latorre y Pantoja (2013) fue administrado a un total de 237 corredores. Los principales resultados muestran que: los corredores tienden a ser mayoritariamente varones, de entre 30 y 46 anos, asalariados, con estudios postobligatorios, con experiencia previa en eventos de larga distancia, entrenan una media de 4 veces y un total de 7 horas a la semana; y los corredores de la maraton por asfalto tienen una sobreestimacion de la Competencia Percibida y grados de Competitividad mayores a los corredores por montana.
The Institutional Marketplace and Faculty Attrition.

o say that faculty are a national resource imperiled 1 is one thing; to raise an institution's awareness that i t s f a c u l t y may be at risk is quite another. In the last decade, studies have begun to document a changing set of realities for fac-u l t y. Yet institutional policies and practices related to these new realities have been slow to change. One new reality: an increased number of faculty are likely to retire in the next decade, bringing the potential for faculty shortages. But we know little about how to retain those faculty we presently have and how to successfully recruit new people into the academic ranks. This study aims to fill this void in our knowledge by examining the realities, policies, and practices related to faculty attrition and retention. The increasing costs of recruitment, coupled with the increasing costs in salary and benefits associated with a positive tenure decision, magnify the institutional impact and implications of each hiring and tenure decision. 2 Yet studies indicate that the selection process is not a good predictor of long-term job success. 3 What happens to assistant and associate faculty as they move through probation and beyond that impedes or facilitates progress? Why do some assistant professors leave the institution before their tenure review? Why do some tenured associate professors continue to see their careers tied to single institutions, while others pursue advancement in other institutional settings? Are the circumstances of departure specific only to the individual or are there institution-Marilyn J. A m e y is an associate professor of higher education administration at the University of Kansas. Her areas of teaching and research emphasis include administration , governance, leadership, and faculty issues. Amey is currently completing a sabbatical research project on the roles of department chairs and their influence on faculty roles and responsibilities. She has recently co-authored a monograph on faculty compensation.
Gendered performances and identity construction among UK female soccer players and netballers: a comparative study

Abstract This paper examines the gendered performances and identity construction of UK female University soccer players and netballers (n = 31). Focus group interviews explored their sporting experiences with reference to body perceptions, and perceptions of their sporting bodies outside sporting contexts. Three themes resulted from data analysis, these being; (1) UK culture, body performances and femininity, (2) sporting culture, body performances and femininity and (3) transiency of body satisfaction across sport and non-sport contexts. Findings suggest that sport may not always provide an opportunity to challenge and resist dominant discourses. In both netball and soccer, a range of surveillance and management practices were used that served to perpetuate the value of a ‘feminine’ and assumed heterosexual body, and legitimize their sport participation through an emphasis on a hyper-femininity. The influence of sport subcultures on gendered performances and identity construction, along with implications for marketing sports participation to women are discussed.
A Hard-to-Soft State Transition during a Luminosity Decline of Aquila X-1

We have discovered a spectral transition from the low/hard (LH) state to the high/soft (HS) state when Aquila X-1 was declining in observations made with the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) . The 2-200 keV energy flux corresponding to the state transition is 1.1 × 10-9 ergs cm-2 s-1, an order of magnitude lower than observed in the past. The 2-200 keV peak flux of the following HS state is 1.6 × 10-9 ergs cm-2 s-1. The relation between the luminosity of the hard-to-soft state transition and the peak luminosity of the following HS state confirms the linear relation found previously. This implies that the luminosity of the hard-to-soft state transition is not determined solely by the mass accretion rate, but appears to be determined by the peak luminosity of the soft X-ray outburst. We also found that the LH-to-HS state transition occurred at a luminosity similar to that of the corresponding HS-to-LH state transition; i.e., there is no apparent hysteresis. These results provide additional evidence that the mass in the accretion disk affects the luminosity of the hard-to-soft state transition, and that the accretion flow that powers the LH state is related to the accretion flow that powers the HS state at a later time.
Pain-related psychological correlates of pediatric acute post-surgical pain

Background Post-surgical pain is prevalent in children, yet is significantly understudied. The goals of this study were to examine gender differences in pain outcomes and pain-related psychological constructs postoperatively and to identify pain-related psychological correlates of acute post-surgical pain (APSP) and predictors of functional disability 2 weeks after hospital discharge. Methods Eighty-three children aged 8–18 (mean 13.8 ± 2.4) years who underwent major orthopedic or general surgery completed pain and pain-related psychological measures 48–72 hours and 2 weeks after surgery. Results Girls reported higher levels of acute postoperative anxiety and pain unpleasantness compared with boys. In addition, pain anxiety was significantly associated with APSP intensity and functional disability 2 weeks after discharge, whereas pain catastrophizing was associated with APSP unpleasantness. Conclusion These results highlight the important role played by pain-related psychological factors in the experience of pediatric APSP by children and adolescents.
Ju l 2 00 7 Quantum light from a carbon nanotube

Carbon nanotubes provide a unique paradigm for mesoscopic p hysics [1]: while strong one-dimensional (1D) confinement enhanced Coulomb interac tions lead to striking new phenomena such as spin-charge separation, absence of spin-orb it and hyperfine interactions promise ultra-long electron spin coherence for applications in quantum information processing. Since the first observation of photoluminescence ( PL) from semiconducting singlewalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [2], a basic understanding o f their linear optical properties such as the role of strong exciton binding [3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8] and chirality dictated optical excitations [9] of CNTs has emerged. However, all optical expe riments on CNTs to date can be explained using classical Maxwell’s equations. Here, we r port the first observation of quantum correlations in PL from a single CNT. Remarkably, the degree of antibunching that we obtain in photon correlation measurements indicates that a nanotube emits photons predominantly one-by-one, with a probability of two-photon emission that can be less than 5%. Unintentional carrier localization in random quan tum dots (QDs) appears to be important in the CNTs that we studied: however, antibunching in photon cross-correlation measurements [10] on nanotubes that exhibits two distinct P L lines, most likely originating from two different QDs within the same CNT, strongly suggestthat inhibition of two-exciton generation by Auger processes [11, 12] is playing a dominant role in ensuring that photons are generated one at a time. In this sense, CNTs differ from at oms or molecules since they exhibit an optical anharmonicity primarily induced by inte ractions rather than phase-space ∗ These authors have contributed equally to this work. † To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: hoegel e@phys.ethz. ch (A.H.); imamoglu@phys.ethz. ch (A.I.).
Two New Parameters Based on Distances in a Receiver Operating Characteristic Chart for the Selection of Classification Models

There are several indices that provide an indication of different types on the performance of QSAR classification models, being the area under a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve still the most powerful test to overall assess such performance. All ROC related parameters can be calculated for both the training and test sets, but, nevertheless, neither of them constitutes an absolute indicator of the classification performance by themselves. Moreover, one of the biggest drawbacks is the computing time needed to obtain the area under the ROC curve, which naturally slows down any calculation algorithm. The present study proposes two new parameters based on distances in a ROC curve for the selection of classification models with an appropriate balance in both training and test sets, namely the following: the ROC graph Euclidean distance (ROCED) and the ROC graph Euclidean distance corrected with Fitness Function (FIT(λ)) (ROCFIT). The behavior of these indices was observed through the study on the mutagenicity for four genotoxicity end points of a number of nonaromatic halogenated derivatives. It was found that the ROCED parameter gets a better balance between sensitivity and specificity for both the training and prediction sets than other indices such as the Matthews correlation coefficient, the Wilk's lambda, or parameters like the area under the ROC curve. However, when the ROCED parameter was used, the follow-on linear discriminant models showed the lower statistical significance. But the other parameter, ROCFIT, maintains the ROCED capabilities while improving the significance of the models due to the inclusion of FIT(λ).
Se p 19 95 On Orthogonal and Symplectic Matrix Ensembles

The focus of this paper is on the probability, Eβ(0; J), that a set J consisting of a finite union of intervals contains no eigenvalues for the finite N Gaussian Orthogonal (β = 1) and Gaussian Symplectic (β = 4) Ensembles and their respective scaling limits both in the bulk and at the edge of the spectrum. We show how these probabilities can be expressed in terms of quantities arising in the corresponding unitary (β = 2) ensembles. Our most explicit new results concern the distribution of the largest eigenvalue in each of these ensembles. In the edge scaling limit we show that these largest eigenvalue distributions are given in terms of a particular Painlevé II function.
Mathematik in den Naturwissenschaften Leipzig Interacting Brownian motions and the Gross-Pitaevskii formula by

We review probabilistic approaches to the Gross-Pitaevskii theory describing interacting dilute systems of particles. The main achievement are large deviations principles for the mean occupation measure of a large system of interacting Brownian motions in a trapping potential. The corresponding rate functions are given as variational problems whose solution provide effective descriptions of the infinite system.
Antimicrobial Polymers with Metal Nanoparticles

Metals, such as copper and silver, can be extremely toxic to bacteria at exceptionally low concentrations. Because of this biocidal activity, metals have been widely used as antimicrobial agents in a multitude of applications related with agriculture, healthcare, and the industry in general. Unlike other antimicrobial agents, metals are stable under conditions currently found in the industry allowing their use as additives. Today these metal based additives are found as: particles, ions absorbed/exchanged in different carriers, salts, hybrid structures, etc. One recent route to further extend the antimicrobial applications of these metals is by their incorporation as nanoparticles into polymer matrices. These polymer/metal nanocomposites can be prepared by several routes such as in situ synthesis of the nanoparticle within a hydrogel or direct addition of the metal nanofiller into a thermoplastic matrix. The objective of the present review is to show examples of polymer/metal composites designed to have antimicrobial activities, with a special focus on copper and silver metal nanoparticles and their mechanisms.
Emerging Role of PPAR-β/δ in Inflammatory Process Associated to Experimental Periodontitis

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the contribution of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR-β/δ) in animal model of periodontitis. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were lightly anaesthetized with pentobarbitone (35 mg/kg). Sterile, 2-0 black braided silk thread was placed around the cervix of the lower left first molar and knotted medially. Animals received GW0742 (0.3 mg/kg, 10% DMSO, i.p. after the ligature placement and daily for eight days). At day 8, the gingivomucosal tissue encircling the mandibular first molar was removed. One the eighth day after placement of the ligature, we evaluated (1) NF-κB expression, (2) cytokines expression, (3) iNOS expression, (5) the nitration of tyrosine, (6) apoptosis, and (8) the degree of gingivomucosal tissues injury. Administration of GW0742 significantly decreased all of the parameters of inflammation as described above. Taken together, these results demonstrate that GW0742 exerts an anti-inflammatory role during experimental periodontitis and is able to ameliorate the tissue damage.
A Progressive Approach to Handling Message-Dependent Deadlock in Parallel Computer Systems

Handling deadlocks is essential for providing reliable communication paths between processing nodes in parallel computer systems. The existence of multiple message types and associated inter-message dependencies may cause message-dependent deadlocks in networks that are designed to be free of routing deadlock. Most methods currently used for dealing with message-dependent deadlocks require more system resources than are necessary and/or do not use system resources efficiently. This may have an adverse effect on system performance if resources are scarce. In this paper, we characterize the frequency of message-dependent deadlocks in multiprocessor/multicomputer systems. We also propose a handling technique for message-dependent deadlocks based on progressive deadlock recovery and evaluate its performance with other approaches. Results show that message-dependent deadlocks occur very infrequently under typical circumstances thus, rendering approaches based on avoiding them overly restrictive in the common case. The proposed technique relaxes restrictions considerably, allowing the routing of packets and the handling of message-dependent deadlocks to be much more efficient-particularly when network resources are scarce.
Structural human brain networks: hot topics in diffusion tractography.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW After more than 10 years of methodological developments and clinical applications, diffusion imaging tractography has reached a crossroad. Although the method is still in its infancy, the time has come to address some important questions. Can tractography reproduce reliably known anatomy or describe new anatomical pathways? Are interindividual differences, for example in tract lateralization, important to understand heterogeneity of clinical manifestations? Do novel tractography algorithms provide a real advantage over previous methods? Here we focus on some of the most exciting recent advancements in diffusion tractography and critically highlight their advantages and limitations. RECENT FINDINGS A flourishing of diffusion methods and models are bringing new solutions to the well known limitations of classical tractography based on the tensor model. However, these methods pose also new challenges and require the convergence and integration of different disciplines before they can replace what is currently widely available. SUMMARY Rigorous postmortem validation, clinical optimization and experimental confirmation are obligatory steps before advanced diffusion technologies can translate into clear benefits for neurological patients.
Evaluating the effects of the introduction of off-sale alcohol outlets on violent crime.

AIMS To examine the effects on violence of a policy change that ended prohibition of off-sale alcohol outlets in Lubbock, Texas. METHODS Time-series analysis of violent crime data from police records comparing the periods before and after the policy change. RESULTS The effect of the policy change on both total violent crime and aggregated assault was small and did not approach statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS Increased availability of alcohol through off-sale premises may not influence the type of violence reported to the police in Lubbock, Texas.
Rhizoremediation of lindane by root‐colonizing Sphingomonas

We used a two‐step enrichment approach to isolate root‐colonizing hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH)‐degrading microorganisms. The first step consists of the use of classical liquid enrichment to isolate γ‐HCH degraders. The γ‐HCH‐degrading microbes were attached in mass to corn seeds sown in soil with γ‐HCH, and after plant development we rescued bacteria growing on root tips. Bacteria were then subjected to a second enrichment round in which growth on liquid medium with γ‐HCH and inoculation of corn seeds were repeated. We then isolated bacteria on M9 minimal medium with γ‐HCH from root tips. We were able to isolate four Sphingomonas strains, all of which degraded α‐, β‐, γ‐ and δ‐HCH. Two of the strains were particularly good colonizers of corn roots, reaching high cell density in vegetated soil and partly removing γ‐HCH. In contrast, these bacteria performed poorly in unplanted soils. This study supports the hypothesis that the removal of persistent toxic chemicals can be accelerated by combinations of plants and bacteria, a process generally known as rhizoremediation.
High diversity and morphological convergence among melanised fungi from rock formations in the Central Mountain System of Spain

Melanised fungi were isolated from rock surfaces in the Central Mountain System of Spain. Two hundred sixty six isolates were recovered from four geologically and topographically distinct sites. Microsatellite-primed PCR techniques were used to group isolates into genotypes assumed to represent species. One hundred and sixty three genotypes were characterised from the four sites. Only five genotypes were common to two or more sites. Morphological and molecular data were used to characterise and identify representative strains, but morphology rarely provided a definitive identification due to the scarce differentiation of the fungal structures or the apparent novelty of the isolates. Vegetative states of fungi prevailed in culture and in many cases could not be reliably distinguished without sequence data. Morphological characters that were widespread among the isolates included scarce micronematous conidial states, endoconidia, mycelia with dark olive-green or black hyphae, and mycelia with torulose, isodiametric or moniliform hyphae whose cells develop one or more transverse and/or oblique septa. In many of the strains, mature hyphae disarticulated, suggesting asexual reproduction by a thallic micronematous conidiogenesis or by simple fragmentation. Sequencing of the internal transcribed spacers (ITS1, ITS2) and 5.8S rDNA gene were employed to investigate the phylogenetic affinities of the isolates. According to ITS sequence alignments, the majority of the isolates could be grouped among four main orders of Pezizomycotina: Pleosporales, Dothideales, Capnodiales, and Chaetothyriales. Ubiquitous known soil and epiphytic fungi species were generally absent from the rock surfaces. In part, the mycota of the rock surfaces shared similar elements with melanised fungi from plant surfaces and fungi described from rock formations in Europe and Antarctica. The possibility that some of the fungi were lichen mycobionts or lichen parasites could not be ruled out.
The Small World of File Sharing

Web caches, content distribution networks, peer-to-peer file-sharing networks, distributed file systems, and data grids all have in common that they involve a community of users who use shared data. In each case, overall system performance can be improved significantly by first identifying and then exploiting the structure of community's data access patterns. We propose a novel perspective for analyzing data access workloads that considers the implicit relationships that form among users based on the data they access. We propose a new structure-the interest-sharing graph-that captures common user interests in data and justify its utility with studies on four data-sharing systems: a high-energy physics collaboration, the Web, the Kazaa peer-to-peer network, and a BitTorrent file-sharing community. We find small-world patterns in the interest-sharing graphs of all four communities. We investigate analytically and experimentally some of the potential causes that lead to this pattern and conclude that user preferences play a major role. The significance of small-world patterns is twofold: it provides a rigorous support to intuition and it suggests the potential to exploit these naturally emerging patterns. As a proof of concept, we design and evaluate an information dissemination system that exploits the small-world interest-sharing graphs by building an interest-aware network overlay. We show that this approach leads to improved information dissemination performance.
Financial distress and firm performance : Evidence from the Asian financial crisis

Using a sample of 277 firms from eight East Asian economies, the relationship between financial distress and firm performance during the Asian Financial Crisis of 1997-1998 was tested. The crisis provides an exogenous shock which reduces the endogeneity issues between firm performance and leverage. The results from this study reaffirm that firms with low financial leverage tend to perform better than firms with high financial leverage. Additionally, the crisis magnifies the negative relationship between financial distress and firm performance. Highleverage firms experience worse performance during a crisis.