Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pan-neuronal screening in Caenorhabditis elegans reveals asymmetric dynamics of AWC neurons is critical for thermal avoidance behavior

Understanding neural functions inevitably involves arguments traversing multiple levels of hierarchy in biological systems. However, finding new components or mechanisms of such systems is extremely time-consuming due to the low efficiency of currently available functional screening techniques. To overcome such obstacles, we utilize pan-neuronal calcium imaging to broadly screen the activity of the C. elegans nervous system in response to thermal stimuli. A single pass of the screening procedure can identify much of the previously reported thermosensory circuitry as well as identify several unreported thermosensory neurons. Among the newly discovered neural functions, we investigated in detail the role of the AWCOFF neuron in thermal nociception. Combining functional calcium imaging and behavioral assays, we show that AWCOFF is essential for avoidance behavior following noxious heat stimulation by modifying the forward-to-reversal behavioral transition rate. We also show that the AWCOFF signals adapt to repeated noxious thermal stimuli and quantify the corresponding behavioral adaptation. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.19021. 001
Evaluation time Nurses for non-nursing tasks and text services in nursing shifts: a cross-sectional study

Introduction: for patient care, nurses are responsible for numerous tasks that sometimes some of these tasks away them from their primary mission, which is patient care. Therefore, the aim of this study is, evaluated time nurses for non-nursing tasks and text services in nursing shifts. Material and Methods: This study is a descriptive-analytic study. Community nurses working in Imam Reza and Ghaem and Montaserieh hospital in Mashhad city. Questionnaire derived from the checklist Bradshaw & Harrison and reliable sources nursing. After assessing the validity and reliability of the questionnaire was used and results were analyzed using the software spss16. Results: The results showed that from the perspective of nurses, nurses spend more time answering phone calls and different things (3.60) and in response to repeated questions about patients and their family appointment by specialists (7.56). The Spearman correlation coefficient direct connection between the nurses on unnecessary tasks with age (p=0.01, r=0.22) and work experience (P>0.001, r=-0.39) there was a significant inverse relation. Conclusion: The results indicate a lot of time nursing and non-nursing for written assignments, it is recommended Nursing managers with a better understanding of the scientific principles of business management and ability to apply these skills to more accurate monitoring and the use of management time, with regulatory reform and reduce some of the non-nursing tasks by designing a care plan correctly, to provide care targeted and enhance the quality of care and more satisfied patients.
Continuous phase modulation of spectrally efficient FQPSK signals

A continuous phase modulation (CPM) implementation alternative of a recently standardized class of Feher-patented quadrature phase-shift keying (FQPSK-B) modulation is proposed. It is based on the fact that the FQPSK-B signal has quasi-constant amplitude and continuous phase characteristics, allowing CPM interpretation. Based on this, we derive the modulation index, premodulation filter and alternating change monitor differential encoder for the CPM generated FQPSK-B signal, to be fully compatible with the original I/Q-modulated one. It is shown that the power spectral density and the bit error rate performance of the CPM generated FQPSK-B signal are almost the same as those of the I/Q modulated FQPSK-B signal.
Timing Tracking Algorithms for Impulse Radio (IR) Based Ultra Wideband (UWB) Systems

Recently, we have proposed low power transceiver architectures for impulse radio (IR) based ultra wideband (UWB) systems. Low power consumption is achieved thanks to the low duty cycle of UWB-IR signals, which allows to switch on the radio front-ends only for the instants where UWB pulses must be transmitted or received. Therefore, accurate synchronization of the receiver's timing reference with the incoming UWB signal's timing is critical in this context to avoid dramatic performance loss. Before data demodulation, the receiver's timing reference is usually aligned with the incoming signal's timing by using timing acquisition algorithms that rely on a known preamble. However, during data demodulation that is after timing acquisition algorithms, the offset between the crystal oscillators used at the transmitter and receiver still causes the receiver's timing reference to gradually drift away from the incoming signal's timing. In this paper, we first show that this problem causes dramatic performance degradation if not addressed. We then propose three low-complexity algorithms that allow tracking and compensating for the timing drift in our low duty-cycle context. Our simulation results show that the proposed algorithms are able to cope with the offset corresponding to the accuracy of typical crystal oscillators with minimal performance degradation. Moreover, one of the proposed algorithms is able to partially compensate for potential errors of timing acquisition algorithms that result in misalignments of the incoming UWB signal's timing and receiver's timing reference at the start of data demodulation.
Formation of Projection Pathways from the Arcuate Nucleus of the Hypothalamus to Hypothalamic Regions Implicated in the Neural Control of Feeding Behavior in Mice

The arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH) is a critical component of forebrain pathways that regulate a variety of neuroendocrine functions, including an important role in relaying leptin signals to other parts of the hypothalamus. However, neonatal rodents do not lose weight in response to leptin treatment in the same way as do adults, suggesting that certain aspects of leptin signaling pathways in the hypothalamus may not be mature. We tested this possibility by using DiI axonal labeling to examine the development of projections from the ARH to other parts of the hypothalamus in neonatal mice, paying particular attention to the innervation of the paraventricular nucleus (PVH), the dorsomedial nucleus (DMH), and the lateral hypothalamic area (LHA), each of which have been implicated in the regulation of feeding. The results indicate that ARH projections are quite immature at birth and appear to innervate the DMH, PVH, and LHA in succession, within distinct temporal domains. The projections from the ARH to the DMH develop rapidly and are established by the sixth postnatal day (P6), whereas those to the PVH develop significantly later, with the mature pattern of innervation first apparent between postnatal day 8 (P8)-P10. Furthermore, the ability of leptin to activate Fos in the PVH, DMH, and LHA appears to be age-dependent and correlates with the arrival of ARH projections to each nucleus. Taken together, these findings provide new insight into development of hypothalamic circuits and suggest an anatomical basis for the delayed postnatal regulation of food intake and body weight by leptin.
All-trans retinoic acid upregulates VEGF expression in glioma cells in vitro

All-trans retinoid acid (ATRA) is one of the most potent and most thoroughly studied differentiation inducers that induce the differentiation and apoptosis of glioma cells. However, the effect of ATRA on angiogenesis of glioma remains poorly understood. We examined the effect of ATRA on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in different glioma cell lines and investigated the underlying mechanism, intending to partially reveal the effects of ATRA on angiogenesis of glioma. Glioma cells were treated by ATRA at 5 and 10 µmol/L. The VEGF mRNA transcript levels were determined by real-time RT-PCR and the protein levels of VEGF in glioma cells were evaluated by Western blotting assays. Moreover, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) mRNA expression was analyzed by using real-time RT-PCR. After treatment with 5 and 10 µmol/L ATRA, the VEGF mRNA transcript levels in glioma cells increased remarkably, compared with that in the control group, and the relative protein expression of VEGF was also up-regulated. Meanwhile, the HIF-1α mRNA expression also increased. ATRA increases the expression of VEGF in glioma cells at both transcriptional and translational levels.
Development of Innovative Picture Storybooks to Empower Parents and Teachers for Early Childhood Education in Nutrition and Social-Behavior in Jakarta

Indonesia is experiencing a double burden of malnutrition, especially in young children. Many studies show that community empowerment and nutrition education are effective at reducing the risk of malnutrition when combined with attractive tools and appropriate nutrition and parenting messages. Therefore, we developed innovative picture storybooks as a fun learning tool to equip teachers and parents with a way to improve their understanding and awareness of the quality of early childhood dietary habits and social behavior. The study consisted of three stages, including formative research, book development, and evaluation. Our formative research triangulated information on preferences and key messages on food, nutrition, parenting, and child characteristics through focus group discussions (FGDs), in-depth interviews (IDIs), and observations of school food environments. The FGDs were held for the children (n=6), teachers (n=6), and mothers (n=6). The IDIs explored opinions from a story teller, a nutritionist, a communication expert, a child psychologist, and an illustrator team. Finally, books were developed by the researcher and evaluated by the expert team (n=10) and teachers (n=8). The study took place in early childhood education centers and kindergartens in Central Jakarta’s urban areas. Children preferred picture storybooks that represented a unique condition of magical power and provided characters from the fantasy genre. Following the IDI’s recommendations and observations, three picture storybook series were developed: healthy snacking, integrated with messages to stimulate a child’s disciplined behavior; eating vegetables, especially green ones, with the motivation to increase truthfulness; and a healthy eating portion guide with a variety of foods combined with messages to motivate grateful attitudes. The book content integrated key messages on nutrition, parenting, and social behavior with unique characters and colorful pictures. The expert team recommended the appropriate development of the picture storybooks and emphasized paying attention to clear genres, text structure, content, themes and ideas, language, vocabulary, illustrations and graphic design, and messages delivered. The picture storybooks present key messages on nutrition, parenting, and child behavior using an attractive, colorful and unique appearance. These books can be used to teach early childhood nutrition and parenting intervention by integrating them with other approaches such as story-telling, eating meals together, and other supporting activities.
An Examination of the Motivational Determinants of Academic Achievement Through a Dual-Process Perspective: The Case of the Integrative Process in Self-Determination Theory

In previous research, autonomous motivation (AM) has been found to be associated with school achievement but the relation has been largely heterogeneous across studies. AM has typically been assessed with explicit measures like self-report questionnaires. Recent selfdetermination theory (SDT) research has suggested that converging implicit and explicit measures can be taken to characterize the integrative process in SDT. Drawing from dual-process theories, we contended that explicit AM is likely to promote school achievement when it is part of an integrated cognitive system that combines easily accessible mental representations (i.e. implicit AM) and efficient executive functioning. A sample of 272 university students completed a questionnaire and a lexical decision task to assess their explicit and implicit AM, respectively, and they also completed working memory capacity measures. Grades were obtained at the end of the semester to examine the short-term prospective effect of implicit and explicit AM, working memory, and their interaction. Results of moderation analyses have provided support for a synergistic interaction in which the association between explicit AM and academic achievement was positive and significant only for individuals with high level of implicit AM. Moreover, working memory was moderating the synergistic effect of explicit and implicit AM. Explicit AM was positively associated with academic achievement for students with average to high levels of working memory capacity, but only if their motivation operated synergistically with high implicit AM. The integrative process thus seems to hold better proprieties for achievement than the sole effect of explicit AM. Implications for SDT are outlined.
Emerging Perspectives: The Usefulness of the Construct of Transformational Leadership in Educational Organizations.

Most research on transformational leadership has used the multifactor leadership questionnaire (MLQ) developed by Bass and his associates. This paper examines the extent to which the MLQ measures the dimensions that it purports to measure in school organization, also assessing the relevance of idealized influence (charisma) in stable school organizations. Previous research has suggested that charismatic leadership would be more likely found in a new and struggling organization. The paper discusses empirical results from previous studies that have used the MLQ. It also presents the results from three studies that examined the conceptual adequacy and psychometric qualities of the MLQ. In Study 1 (WoodersonPerzan, 2000), a content adequacy assessment of the transformational leadership items was conducted. In Study 2 (Wooderson-Perzan and Lunenburg, 2001) and in Study 3 (Blair and Lunenburg, 2002), a series of confirmatory factor analyses, internal consistency estimates, and correlations were conducted on a revised set of transformational leadership items. The paper concludes that, despite the MLQ's shortcomings, it does identify several leader behaviors that appear to be components of transformational leadership. It finds empirical support for three behaviorally oriented dimensions of transformational leadership that are consistent with theoretical propositions (intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration, and inspirational motivation). (Contains 24 references.) (SM) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Emerging Perspectives 1 Running Head: EMERGING PERSPECTIVES Emerging Perspectives: The Usefulness of the Construct of Transformational Leadership in Educational Organizations Fred C. Lunenburg, Ph.D. Professor & Senior Research Fellow Center for Research & Doctoral Studies in Educational Leadership Sam Houston State University P.O. Box 2119 1908 Bobby K. Marks Drive, Suite 319 Huntsville, Texas 77341-2119 936-294-3838 E-mail: edu_fcl@shsu.edu PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY
Preferential Binding to Elk-1 by SLE-Associated IL10 Risk Allele Upregulates IL10 Expression

Immunoregulatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) is elevated in sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) correlating with disease activity. The established association of IL10 with SLE and other autoimmune diseases led us to fine map causal variant(s) and to explore underlying mechanisms. We assessed 19 tag SNPs, covering the IL10 gene cluster including IL19, IL20 and IL24, for association with SLE in 15,533 case and control subjects from four ancestries. The previously reported IL10 variant, rs3024505 located at 1 kb downstream of IL10, exhibited the strongest association signal and was confirmed for association with SLE in European American (EA) (P = 2.7×10−8, OR = 1.30), but not in non-EA ancestries. SNP imputation conducted in EA dataset identified three additional SLE-associated SNPs tagged by rs3024505 (rs3122605, rs3024493 and rs3024495 located at 9.2 kb upstream, intron 3 and 4 of IL10, respectively), and SLE-risk alleles of these SNPs were dose-dependently associated with elevated levels of IL10 mRNA in PBMCs and circulating IL-10 protein in SLE patients and controls. Using nuclear extracts of peripheral blood cells from SLE patients for electrophoretic mobility shift assays, we identified specific binding of transcription factor Elk-1 to oligodeoxynucleotides containing the risk (G) allele of rs3122605, suggesting rs3122605 as the most likely causal variant regulating IL10 expression. Elk-1 is known to be activated by phosphorylation and nuclear localization to induce transcription. Of interest, phosphorylated Elk-1 (p-Elk-1) detected only in nuclear extracts of SLE PBMCs appeared to increase with disease activity. Co-expression levels of p-Elk-1 and IL-10 were elevated in SLE T, B cells and monocytes, associated with increased disease activity in SLE B cells, and were best downregulated by ERK inhibitor. Taken together, our data suggest that preferential binding of activated Elk-1 to the IL10 rs3122605-G allele upregulates IL10 expression and confers increased risk for SLE in European Americans.
Enhancing self-efficacy to enable tourism microentrepreneurship: a quasi-experiment

ABSTRACT This study evaluates the impact of a microentrepreneurship-focused pedagogical intervention in a college level tourism course aimed at increasing students’ tourism e-microentrepreneurial self-efficacy (TeMSE). Given that high entrepreneurial self-efficacy is associated with enterprise success, enhancing levels of TeMSE is warranted to grow a more just tourism economy in a sector largely controlled by profit-oriented large corporations. However, tourism and hospitality departments have largely neglected the importance of developing entrepreneurial potential, instead striving to service the corporate sector with a plug-and-play workforce. Conversely, we believe that the focus should be on equipping students with microentrepreneurial skills and abilities necessary to tap into the opportunities afforded by the burgeoning peer-to-peer economy. Accordingly, we developed a battery of hands-on learning tools to enhance students’ efficacy beliefs in their tourism entrepreneurial skills. Analysis of pre-post data suggests improvements only in the students’ efficacy to pursue innovation.
Academic anxieties: which type contributes the most to low achievement in methodological courses?

Abstract Students’ academic achievement in courses with a high mathematical content can be affected by their levels of trait, math and test anxiety. In this study, 180 university students were assessed on these types of anxiety and the relationships between them and students’ performance were evaluated. Higher levels of math anxiety were related to a low academic achievement, but a high level of test anxiety was related only to an increase in the number of errors. Moreover, although women reported higher levels of trait, math and test anxiety than their male peers, their academic achievement was similar. We conclude that math anxiety is the main emotional factor that can affect students’ performance in these courses and some proposals to help highly math-anxious students are discussed.
A Dyadic Examination of Daily Health Symptoms and Emotional Well-Being in Late-Life Couples*

This study investigated the link between daily health symptoms and spousal emotional well-being in a sam- ple of 96 older dyads. Higher negative mood and lower positive mood were associated with spousal symptoms in couples wherein husbands or wives reported higher average levels of symptoms. For wives, partner effects were mod- erated by husbands' marital satisfaction and illness severity. Specifically, higher husband marital satisfaction and ill- ness severity were associated with higher negative mood and lower positive mood for wives on days where husbands reported higher symptom levels. In their work with later-life families, practitioners and educators should address long-term and daily health-related relationship stressors.
Coded Hopfield networks

Error-correcting coding is introduced in associative memories based on Hopfield networks in order to increase the learning diversity as well as the recall robustness in presence of erasures and errors. To achieve this, the graph associated with the classical Hopfield network is transformed into a bipartite graph in which incoming information is linked to orthogonal or quasi-orthogonal codes. Whereas learning is similar to that of classical (i.e. Hebbian) Hopfield networks, memory retrieval relies on error correction decoding which offers strong discrimination properties between the memorized patterns.
The Impact of Atmospheric Conditions on the Baseball Totals Market

A study of the physics of baseball has shown that air density plays a significant role in the distance a batted baseball will travel. Air density is a function of altitude, temperature, humidity, and barometric pressure. This paper tests if air density impacts the totals market in Major League Baseball by influencing the number of runs in a game above and beyond the betting market total. Through regression analysis and betting simulations of the 2012 season, it is shown that air density has an inverse relationship with total runs scored and simple betting strategies are constructed that yield positive returns.
A randomized, open-label trial of iron isomaltoside 1000 (Monofer®) compared with iron sucrose (Venofer®) as maintenance therapy in haemodialysis patients

Background Iron deficiency anaemia is common in patients with chronic kidney disease, and intravenous iron is the preferred treatment for those on haemodialysis. The aim of this trial was to compare the efficacy and safety of iron isomaltoside 1000 (Monofer®) with iron sucrose (Venofer®) in haemodialysis patients. Methods This was an open-label, randomized, multicentre, non-inferiority trial conducted in 351 haemodialysis subjects randomized 2 : 1 to either iron isomaltoside 1000 (Group A) or iron sucrose (Group B). Subjects in Group A were equally divided into A1 (500 mg single bolus injection) and A2 (500 mg split dose). Group B were also treated with 500 mg split dose. The primary end point was the proportion of subjects with haemoglobin (Hb) in the target range 9.5–12.5 g/dL at 6 weeks. Secondary outcome measures included haematology parameters and safety parameters. Results A total of 351 subjects were enrolled. Both treatments showed similar efficacy with >82% of subjects with Hb in the target range (non-inferiority, P = 0.01). Similar results were found when comparing subgroups A1 and A2 with Group B. No statistical significant change in Hb concentration was found between any of the groups. There was a significant increase in ferritin from baseline to Weeks 1, 2 and 4 in Group A compared with Group B (Weeks 1 and 2: P < 0.001; Week 4: P = 0.002). There was a significant higher increase in reticulocyte count in Group A compared with Group B at Week 1 (P < 0.001). The frequency, type and severity of adverse events were similar. Conclusions Iron isomaltoside 1000 and iron sucrose have comparative efficacy in maintaining Hb concentrations in haemodialysis subjects and both preparations were well tolerated with a similar short-term safety profile.