Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Levels of (cid:1) -Secretase (BACE1) in Cerebrospinal Fluid as a Predictor of Risk in Mild Cognitive Impairment

Context : Elevated (cid:1) -secretase ( (cid:1) -site amyloid precursor protein–cleaving enzyme1 [BACE1]) activity has been found in the brains of patients with sporadic Alzheimer disease (AD) compared with controls. Now we are par-ticularly interested in whether BACE1 can be identified inthecerebrospinalfluid(CSF)ofpatientswithmildcog-nitiveimpairment(MCI),apopulationathighriskforAD. ThepossiblepresenceofBACE1intheCSFofpatientswithADandMCIhassofargoneunreported. : values for each predictor were obtained from the logistic regression analysis. In addition to the basic prediction models for each CSF-based predictor, logistic regression models combining BACE1 protein, BACE1 activity, total tau level, total A (cid:1) level, and age, entered in a feed-forward manner, were built. To investigate the relationships among BACE1 protein levels, BACE1 enzymatic activity, total A (cid:1) levels, and total tau levels, Spearman (cid:2) correlations were computed. All analyses were performed using a software program (SPSS version 11.5.1; SPSS Inc, Chicago, Ill).
Pollution Metaphors In The Uk Biotechnology Controversy

consumer groups demand non-GM food, while supermarket chains try to provide `clean’ food, i.e. free of any GM ingredients; retailers seek a statutory tolerance threshhold of inadvertent GM `contamination’ , below which GM-derived food does not legally require a `GM’ label, and this request is accommodated in law; organic farmers protest that GM pollen may contaminate their own crops; environmental regulators enforce their own rules restricting the ̄ ow of GM pollen, even by taking violators to court; government advisors warn that GM crops will encourage farmers to spray broad-spectrum herbicides, which may `sterilize’ wildlife habitats, so the government designs ® eld trials to test this risk; yet NGOs denounce the safety tests for failing to prevent `genetic contamination’ of nearby crops.
The Rebel's Dilemma

Since the mid 1960s, theorists have elaborated over two dozen different solutions to the collection action problem. During much of this same period, students of conflict have explored many questions about protest and rebellion. "The Rebel's Dilemma" examines what happens when one brings the full richness of collective action theories to bear on the many complex problems of collective dissent. " . a significant contribution to the understanding of collective behavior, protest, and rebellion. " --"Choice""The book is interesting and thought-provoking, and its insights extend beyond the narrow subject of rebellion to help illuminate many issues related to organizing groups to undertake collective action. " --"Public Choice""[Lichbach's] book is monumental and pivotal. [It] consolidates over three decades of research on collective action problems and sets the agenda for future studies of collective dissent and rebellion. [This] book is a major step forward. It will have an enormous impact in the field of conflict studies and belongs on the shelf of anyone even casually interested in dissent, rebellion, and revolution. [This] book is a major step forward. It will have an enormous impact in the field of conflict studies and belongs on the shelf of anyone even casually interested in dissent, rebellion, and revolution. " --"American Political Science Review""For scholars interested in game-theoretic analyses of politics . essential reading. " --Manus I. Midlarsky, "Journal of Politics""Lichbach has to be praised for providing valuable insight on the logic of collective dissent. " --"Political Studies"Mark Irving Lichbach is Professor of Political Science, University of Colorado.
miR-146a regulates glucose induced upregulation of inflammatory cytokines extracellular matrix proteins in the retina and kidney in diabetes

Hyperglycemic damage to the endothelial cells (ECs) leads to increased synthesis of inflammatory cytokines. We have previously shown miR-146a downregulation in ECs and in the tissues of diabetic mice. Here we investigated the role of miR-146a, in the production of specific inflammatory cytokines and extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in retina and kidneys in diabetes. We generated an endothelial specific miR-146a overexpressing transgenic mice (TG). We investigated these mice and wild type (WT) controls with or without streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes. Retinal and renal cortical tissues from the mice were examined for mRNAs for specific inflammatory markers, (ECM) proteins and inflammation inducible transcription factor by real time RT-PCR. Corresponding proteins, where possible, were examined using immunofluorescence or ELISA. In parallel, we examined ECs following incubation with various levels of glucose with or without miR-146a mimic transfection. In the retina and kidneys of WT mice with diabetes, increased expression of inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNFα, IL1β) in association augmented expression of ECM proteins (collagen 1αIV, fibronectin) and NF κB-P65 were observed, compared to WT non-diabetic controls. These changes were prevented in diabetic miR-146a TG mice along with retinal and renal functional and structural changes. In vitro studies showed similar changes in the ECs exposed to high glucose. Such changes were corrected in the cells following miR-146a mimic transfection. Further analyses of renal cortical tissues showed diabetes induced significant upregulation of two regulators of NFκB, namely Interleukin-1 associated Kinase 1 and tumour necrosis factor receptor associated factor. Such changes were prevented in diabetic TG animals. These data indicate that augmented production of inflammatory cytokines and ECM proteins in the retina and kidneys in diabetes are regulated through endothelium derived miR-146a. Identification of such novel mechanisms may potentially lead to the development of novel therapies.
The political transnationalism of Ecuadorians in Barcelona, Madrid and Milan: the role of individual resources, organizational engagement and the political context

In this article, we examine the transnational political engagement of Ecuadorians in three European cities – Barcelona, Madrid and Milan. Drawing on previous studies that emphasize the role of organizational and institutional resources for political mobilization (as well as those that take into consideration respondents’ resources and the migration process), we analyse the results of a survey conducted between 2006 and 2008 on approximately 300 Ecuadorian individuals in each of these three cities. We examine two different dimensions of Ecuadorian political transnationalism at the individual level, namely attitudinal and participatory. Contrary to previous findings, our results show that recently arrived Ecuadorians and those with less stable household conditions are more involved in transnational politics. Associational involvement shows multiple effects. Engagement in Ecuadorian associations fosters political interest in and information about Ecuador, whereas involvement in any organization promotes electoral transnational politics. The political context is only relevant when accounting for participation in Ecuadorian elections.
Who Talks Advertising? Literary Theory and Narrative “Point of View”

Abstract This paper analyzes the presenter in advertisements by means of a theoretical framework drawn from literary criticism. The paper adapts literary theory to explore the advertising “who” — the presenter of a message. It turns to dramaturgy and narratology theory to formulate a trichotomy of advertising “points of view” — first-person narrator, third-person narrator, and dramatic character. The formal and functional properties of each are discussed with advertising examples. Advertising consequences are illustrated with examples taken from Advertising Age's “Best Advertising of 1989” compilation. These are discussed in terms of media patterns, message strategy, and overall communication objectives. The discussion also suggests the need for additional research to understand hybrid and parody forms.
On the Geometry of the Strominger System

The Strominger system is a system of partial differential equations describing the geometry of compactifications of heterotic superstrings with flux. Mathematically it can be viewed as a generalization of Ricci-flat metrics on non-Kshler Calabi-Yau 3folds. In this thesis, I will present some explicit solutions to the Strominger system on a class of noncompact Calabi-Yau 3-folds. These spaces include the important local models like C' as well as both deformed and resolved conifolds. Along the way, I also give a new construction of non-Kihler Calabi-Yau 3-folds and prove a few results in complex geometry. Thesis Supervisor: Shing-Tung Yau Title: William Caspar Graustein Professor of Mathematics Thesis Supervisor: Victor Guillemin Title: Professor of Mathematics 3 . ,--,, . I'll
Using Large-Scale Databases in Evaluation: Advances, Opportunities, and Challenges

Major advances in the number, capabilities, and quality of state, national, and transnational databases have opened up new opportunities for evaluators. Both large-scale data sets collected for administrative purposes and those collected by other researchers can provide data for a variety of evaluation-related activities. These include (a) identifying or highlighting issues that invite greater client attention; (b) establishing the plausibility of policy theories of action; and (c) program evaluation. The authors illustrate through examples from the fields of education, social services, and public health both the opportunities provided by higher quality, interoperable data systems and the challenges encountered when using databases to identify issues of concern, test the plausibility of a proposed theory of action, or evaluate an existing program. The authors then explore implications for roles evaluators may need to play to support these uses of databases and for funding and infrastructure to support greater evaluator involvement in program planning and improvement.
Sustained Magnetic Fields Reveal Separate Sites for Sound Level and Temporal Regularity in Human Auditory Cortex

Magnetoencephalography was used to investigate the relationship between the sustained magnetic field in auditory cortex and the perception of periodic sounds. The response to regular and irregular click trains was measured at three sound intensities. Two separate sources were isolated adjacent to primary auditory cortex: One, located in lateral Heschl's gyrus, was particularly sensitive to regularity and largely insensitive to sound level. The second, located just posterior to the first in planum temporale, was particularly sensitive to sound level and largely insensitive to regularity. This double dissociation to the same stimuli indicates that the two sources represent separate mechanisms; the first would appear to be involved with pitch perception and the second with loudness. The delay of the offset of the sustained field was found to increase with interclick interval up to 200 ms at least, which suggests that the sustained field offset represents a sophisticated offset-monitoring mechanism rather than simply the cessation of stimulation.
The Ionization and Metallicity of the Intervening O VI Absorber at z = 0.1212 in the Spectrum of H1821+643

We use high-resolution UV spectra of the radio-quiet quasar (QSO) H1821+643 (zem = 0.297), obtained with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) and the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE), to study the ionization and metallicity of an intervening O VI absorption line system at zabs = 0.1212. This absorber has the following notable properties: (1) several galaxies are close to the sight line at the absorber redshift, including an actively star-forming galaxy at a projected distance of 144 h kpc, (2) there is a complex cluster of H I Lyα absorption lines near the O VI redshift, including at least five components spread over a velocity range of ~700 km s-1, (3) the strongest Lyα line in the cluster appears to be composed of a mildly saturated component with a typical b-value blended with a remarkably broad component with b ≈ 85 km s-1, (4) the O VI absorption is not aligned with the strongest (saturated) H I absorption, but instead is well aligned with the very broad component, and (5) the only detected species (at the 4 σ level) are O VI and H I, despite coverage of strong transitions of abundant elements (e.g., C II, C III, and C IV). Based on these constraints, we find that the absorption line properties can be produced in collisionally ionized gas with 105.3 ≤ T ≤ 105.6 K and -1.8 ≤ [O/H] ≤ -0.6. However, we find that photoionization is also viable if the path length l through the absorbing gas is long enough; simple photoionization models require 85 ≤ l ≤ 1900 kpc and -1.1 ≤ [O/H] ≤ -0.3. We briefly discuss how observations of X-ray absorption lines due to O VII and O VIII could be used, in principle, to break the ionization mechanism degeneracy, and we conclude with some comments regarding the nature of O VI absorbers.
Cross-Cultural Research on the Reliability and Validity of the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT)

Despite the rather large literature concerning emotional intelligence, the vast majority of studies concerning development and validation of emotional intelligence scales have been done in the Western countries. Hence, a major limitation in this literature is its decidedly Western focus. The aim of this research was to assess the psychometric properties of the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test (MSCEIT) in a cross-cultural comparative context involving the collectivist Pakistani (Eastern culture) and the individualist French (Western culture) students. With the exception of significant mean differences on the MSCEIT scores between two cultures, the results concerning the validity of the MSCEIT generalized nicely across both cultures. The results from multisample analysis revealed that the MSCEIT has the property of factorial invariance across both cultures, including invariance of factor loadings, unique variances, and factor variance. For both Pakistani and French students, the MSCEIT scores were distinguishable from the Big Five personality dimensions, self-report emotional intelligence measures, and cognitive intelligence. Furthermore, in both cultures, the MSCEIT scores failed to demonstrate incremental validity against well-being measures, after controlling for cognitive intelligence and the Big Five personality dimensions. Finally, within each sample, females significantly scored higher than males on the MSCEIT total scores.
Mycobacterial signaling through toll-like receptors

Studies over the past decade have helped to decipher molecular networks dependent on Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling, in mycobacteria-infected macrophages. Stimulation of TLRs by mycobacteria and their antigenic components rapidly induces intracellular signaling cascades involved in the activation of nuclear factor-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways, which play important roles in orchestrating proinflammatory responses and innate defense through generation of a variety of antimicrobial effector molecules. Recent studies have provided evidence that mycobacterial TLR-signaling cross talks with other intracellular antimicrobial innate pathways, the autophagy process and functional vitamin D receptor (VDR) signaling. In this article we describe recent advances in the recognition, responses, and regulation of mycobacterial signaling through TLRs.
Initiator Status and the Divorce Transition.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of initiator status on emotional well-being, psychological well-being, and divorce-related stress at two points during the divorce transition. A representative sample of 80 divorced parents were surveyed 6 to 12 (T1) and 18 to 24 (T2) months post decree. A major finding was that initiators and noninitiators shared similar emotional responses to the divorce. However, the timing of the responses differed. Initiators experienced more change, stress, and personal growth at Ti, whereas noninitiators reported higher levels at T2. The implications of these timing differences for clinical and educational practice were explored.
Pregnancy outcome among native Indians in Saskatchewan.

OBJECTIVE To determine the difference in pregnancy outcome between native Indians and the provincial population in Saskatchewan. DESIGN Retrospective analysis of data collected from all birth and death registration forms. SETTING Saskatchewan. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Incidence of low birth weight and rates of stillbirth and of neonatal and infant death. RESULTS The neonatal death rate was higher in the Indian population than in the provincial population during the study period; the difference between the two groups in the rate decreased markedly after 1982. The rates of stillbirth and infant death were also higher among the Indians, and the difference persisted during the study period. The incidence of low birth weight and the rate of stillbirth were highest in the youngest and oldest maternal groups in the provincial population; however, the pattern was markedly different among the Indians, teenaged mothers having the best outcomes. CONCLUSION Further studies are needed to determine the relation between maternal age and fetal outcome among native Indians.
The changing role of the support teacher and the case of Cyprus: the opportunity for a cooperative teaching approach

In this paper, the traditional role of the support teacher is analysed in regard to the individual pupil view, and it is then contrasted with the new role of the support teacher in regard to the curriculum view. The framework in which the support teacher functions in the mainstream settings of Cyprus is set, and a particular example of professional practice is presented. The changing role of the support teacher is discussed in reference to the factors in favour of and against such change. Finally, the discussion goes a step further to provide a baseline on how such change might be managed and sustained in Cyprus.
The Hospital Standardized Mortality Ratio Fallacy: A Narrative Review

Background:Outcome measures, like hospital standardized mortality ratios (HSMRs), are increasingly used to assess quality of care. The validity of HSMRs and their accuracy to reflect quality of care is heavily contested. Objective:We explored apparent and potential shortcomings and adverse effects of the HSMR in the assessment of quality of care. Research Design and Methods:For this narrative review, relevant articles were collected from Medline databases using the following search terms: “hospital standardized mortality ratio,” “standardized mortality ratio,” “HSMR,” “quality of care,” and “in-hospital mortality. ” In addition, other important articles were subtracted from the reference lists of the primary articles. Results:The current literature exhibits important shortcomings of the HSMR that in particular affect hospitals providing specialized care of a certain level of complexity. Because of the lack or insufficiency of data concerning case-mix, coding variation between hospitals, disease severity, referral bias, end-of-life care, and place of death, the current HSMR model is not able to adjust adequately for these aspects. This leads to incomparability of HSMRs between hospitals. Instead of separate aspects of continuity of care, all factors contributing to quality of care should be considered. Conclusions:Given the several shortcomings, use of the HSMR as an indicator of quality of care can be considered as a fallacy. Publication of the HSMR is not likely to lead to improvement of quality of care and might harm both hospitals and patients.
Did you hear the one about?: Typological and spousal differences in the planning of jokes and sense of humor in marriage

This study examines the rehearsal of jokes in terms of imagined interactions and sense of humor among couples who are differentiated by their philosophies and beliefs about marriage based on Fitzpatrick's (1988) marital typology. The superiority theory of humor usage claims that power is attributed to joke‐tellers and that a failure to understand the punch line renders listeners as lacking a sense of humor or being too ignorant to understand the joke. This theory has argued that gender differences in telling jokes in marriage reflect husbands telling jokes with wives reinforcing the jokes by laughing at the jokes. This pattern reinforces the idea that humor is primarily a masculine trait in marriage while humor appreciation is a feminine trait. Support was found for this theory as husbands reported a higher orientation toward humor in terms of liking and appreciating the telling of jokes compared to the wives. Participants were divided into traditional, independent, and separate marital types. Traditional.
Plasma Phospholipid Concentration of Cis-Palmitoleic Acid and Risk of Heart Failure

Background—Although plasma palmitoleic acid has been positively associated with blood pressure, inflammation, and insulin resistance, its association with heart failure has not been investigated. We assessed whether plasma phospholipid cis-palmitoleic acid was associated with heart failure risk. Methods and Results—This ancillary study of the Physicians’ Health Study used a risk set sampling method to select 788 matched pairs. For each case of incident heart failure, we randomly selected a control among subjects that were free of heart failure and alive at the time of index case diagnosis and matched on age, year of birth, race, and time of blood collection. Plasma phospholipid fatty acids were measured using gas chromatography. Heart failure was ascertained using annual follow-up questionnaire and validated in a subsample. In a multivariable conditional logistic regression, odds ratios (95% CI) for heart failure were 1.0 (ref), 1.06 (0.75–1.48), 1.20 (0.85–1.68), and 1.58 (1.11–2.25) across consecutive quartiles of cis-palmitoleic acid (P for trend 0.009). Each SD increase in plasma cis-palmitoleic acid was associated with 17% higher odds of heart failure (95% CI: 2% to 33%) in a multivariable model. In a secondary analysis, each SD increase of log-stearoyl-coA desaturase activity (16:1n-7/16:0 ratio) was positively associated with the risk of heart failure (odds ratio: 1.14 [95% CI: 1.00 to 1.29]), whereas oleic acid and cis-vaccenic acid concentrations were not related to heart failure risk. Conclusions—Our data showed a positive association between plasma phospholipid cis- palmitoleic acid and heart failure risk in male physicians.
Mothers' Perceptions of Factors Influencing the Restabilization of Homeless Families

Family homelessness has increased dramatically in the past decade, but little attention has been focused on the process by which homeless families become restabilized. The author presents findings from a qualitative study of the restabilisation process. Four factors that affect the process are discussed: children, personal resources, external resources, and socioeconomic context. The findings indicate the significant role shelter staff and other social service providers can play in assisting mothers in both emotional and instrumental ways. Implications for direct practice with homeless mothers and their families are discussed as well as implications for policy and program development.