Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti-tumoral effect of the non-nucleoside DNMT inhibitor RG108 in human prostate cancer cells.

BACKGROUND Current therapeutic strategies for advanced prostate cancer (PCa) are largely ineffective. Because aberrant DNA methylation associated with inappropriate gene-silencing is a common feature of PCa, DNA methylation inhibitors might constitute an alternative therapy. In this study we aimed to evaluate the anti-cancer properties of RG108, a novel non-nucleoside inhibitor of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT), in PCa cell lines. METHODS The anti-tumoral impact of RG108 in LNCaP, 22Rv1, DU145 and PC-3 cell lines was assessed through standard cell viability, apoptosis and cell cycle assays. Likewise, DNMT activity, DNMT1 expression and global levels of DNA methylation were evaluated in the same cell lines. The effectiveness of DNA demethylation was further assessed through the determination of promoter methylation and transcript levels of GSTP1, APC and RAR-β2, by quantitative methylation-specific PCR and RT-PCR, respectively. RESULTS RG108 led to a significant dose and time dependent growth inhibition and apoptosis induction in LNCaP, 22Rv1 and DU145. LNCaP and 22Rv1 also displayed decreased DNMT activity, DNMT1 expression and global DNA methylation. Interestingly, chronic treatment with RG108 significantly decreased GSTP1, APC and RAR-β2 promoter hypermethylation levels, although mRNA reexpression was only attained for GSTP1 and APC. CONCLUSIONS RG108 is an effective tumor growth suppressor in most PCa cell lines tested. This effect is likely mediated by reversion of aberrant DNA methylation affecting cancer related-genes epigenetically silenced in PCa. However, additional mechanism might underlie the anti-tumor effects of RG108. In vivo studies are now mandatory to confirm these promising results and evaluate the potential of this compound for PCa therapy.
The ABCDEs of Co-Teaching

Flamingo Elementary School in Miami. For the past 3 years she has co-taught language arts and social studies for part of the school day with Joyce Duryea, a special education teacher. For both teachers, the idea of working coUaboratively with another teacher was not part of their original plan for teaching. Joyce said: When I was preparing to be a special education teacher it never occurred to me that I would need to know how to co-teach in a general education classroom. I always thought I would have my group of students with special needs and that is the way it would be.
Time-based and strain-based work-family conflict in the South African Police Service : examining the relationship with work characteristics and exhaustion

The objectives of this study were 1) to investigate the relationship between work characteristics, work-family conflict (WFC) and exhaustion, and 2) to determine whether time-based and strain-based WFC mediate the relationship between different work characteristics and exhaustion. A random sample was taken of 224 inspectors in the South African Police Service in the North West Province. It was hypothesised that 1) work characteristics are related to time-based WFC, strain-based WFC and exhaustion, 2) time-based and strain-based WFC are related to exhaustion, and 3) time-based and strain-based WFC partially mediate the relationship between work characteristics and exhaustion. Multiple regression analyses were used to test these hypotheses. The results showed that overload, organisational support, growth opportunities and contact possibilities with colleagues were related to both types of WFC and to exhaustion. Time-based and strain-based WFC were also related to exhaustion. In the regression analyses, all the work characteristics and both types of WFC contributed significantly to exhaustion levels. None of the WFC types mediated between overload, organisational support, growth opportunities and exhaustion. However, a full mediating effect of both time-based and strain-base WFC was evident between contact possibilities with colleagues and exhaustion.
Conceptualising Irish rural youth migration: a biographical approach.

This paper explores the usefulness of a biographical approach in studying Irish rural youth migration. There have been calls recently for an approach to migration study that involves conceptualizing migration as part of individual biographies as well as social structures. However there is little research that explicitly adopts a biographical approach. This paper presents the theoretical underpinnings methodological issues and findings of a recent study that was guided by the principles of a biographical approach to migration. The study was an exploration of life-path formation among Irish rural youth from the 1970s to the 1990s. The paper focuses on the three key elements of a biographical approach to migration and relates them to Irish rural youth migration. Firstly migration is considered as part of an individuals biography and the methodological implications of this are explored. Secondly it is argued drawing on the research in Ireland that migration decision-making is a multilayered process. In the case of Irish rural youth migration a biographical approach highlights the complexity of migration decision-making revealing the tensions and struggles that lie behind each move and thus raises questions over the tendency towards simplification of the migration process. Finally it is argued that migration is a cultural phenomenon but that this assertion needs careful qualification. This paper problematizes the role of culture in migration processes by untangling the systems of competing discourses of migration that underlie societal norms regarding migration thereby challenging the view of migration as "normal" for particular societies or cultures. (authors)
Not all negative: Macro justice principles predict positive attitudes towards asylum seekers in Australia

Abstract Objective Public opinion towards asylum seekers within Australia has become increasingly hostile over the past decade. In particular, such negative attitudes are associated with questioning the legitimacy of those who seek asylum and the fairness of granting their refugee status. The major aim of this paper is to test the role of macro and micro principles of social justice in predicting attitudes towards asylum seekers, beyond the established role of social dominance orientation (SDO) and right‐wing authoritarianism (RWA). Method A sample of 100 students (Mage = 22.83 years, SDage = 8.26 years) responded to measures of macro and micro principles of social justice, SDO, RWA, and a measure of Attitudes Towards Asylum Seekers. Results Using multiple hierarchical regression analyses, we show that macro justice social principles (i.e., the belief in equal distribution of resources across a society) predict positive attitudes towards asylum seekers beyond the variation accounted for by SDO and RWA in predicting negative attitudes. Conclusions These results underscore the importance of taking into account individual orientations towards justice; we argue that these findings have important implications for the development of communication designed to reduce prejudice towards asylum seekers.
The fundamental role of endothelial cells in hantavirus pathogenesis

Hantavirus, a genus of rodent- and insectivore-borne viruses in the family Bunyaviridae, is a group of emerging zoonotic pathogens. Hantaviruses cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in man, often with severe consequences. Vascular leakage is evident in severe hantavirus infections, and increased permeability contributes to the pathogenesis. This review summarizes the current knowledge on hantavirus interactions with hematopoietic and endothelial cells, and their effects on the increased vascular permeability.
Coevolution of vocal communication and sociality in primates

Understanding the rules that link communication and social behaviour is an essential prerequisite for discerning how a communication system as complex as human language might have evolved. The comparative method offers a powerful tool for investigating the nature of these rules, since it provides a means to examine relationships between changes in communication abilities and changes in key aspects of social behaviour over evolutionary time. Here we present empirical evidence from phylogenetically controlled analyses indicating that evolutionary increases in the size of the vocal repertoire among non-human primate species were associated with increases in both group size and time spent grooming (our measure of extent of social bonding).
A Darlington-Enhanced CMOS Oscillator Architecture

A fully differential CMOS oscillator using Darlington composite pMOS transistors is presented. The composite transistor structure increases gain of the negative-Gm stage for a reliable startup and improves device reliability due to use of high-voltage transistors. To achieve good phase noise available with large voltages and the speed of small active devices in a modern CMOS process, a higher (2.8 V) power supply requiring a combination of low- and high-voltage transistors is used. In addition, the oscillator uses negative feedback to reduce amplitude variation due to LC-tank loading. Circuit functionality is confirmed with a test circuit fabricated in a standard 130-nm CMOS process. The oscillator reaches a phase noise better than -121.2 dBc/Hz at 1-MHz offset across a tuning range of 3015 to 5298 MHz while consuming a less than 10.6-mA current from a 2.8-V power supply.
Data Reduction to Improve the Performance of One-Class Classifiers on Highly Imbalanced Big Data

We propose and demonstrate a data reduction technique to improve the performance of one-class classifiers for highly imbalanced Big Data. We focus on insurance fraud detection in Medicare Part D prescription drug claims data. An initial comparison of the performance One-Class Support Vector Machines (SVMs) and One-Class Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs) showed One-Class GMMs significantly out-performing One-Class SVMs. Therefore, we utilize One-Class Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs). To enable faster training, we experiment with different levels of reduction in the size of the training data. Our novel application of a data reduction technique to one-class classification maintains model performance in terms of Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve (AUC) and Area Under the Precision Recall Curve (AUPRC) scores, while simultaneously lowering model training time and computational resource consumption. Statistical tests confirm models trained on 20 percent of the training data perform equally well in terms of AUC and AUPRC. Furthermore, models trained on five percent of the training data yield AUC scores equivalent to models trained with all available training data. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to demonstrate a viable data reduction technique for one-class classifiers applied to severely imbalanced Big Data.
Efficacy of Isokinetic Exercise on Functional Capacity and Pain in Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome

Alaca R, Yilmaz B, Goktepe AS, Mohur H, Kalyon TA: Efficacy of isokinetic exercise on functional capacity and pain in patellofemoral pain syndrome. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2002;81:807–813. Objective To assess the effect of an isokinetic exercise program on symptoms and functions of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Design A total of 22 consecutive patients with the complaint of anterior knee pain who met the inclusion criteria were recruited to assess the efficacy of isokinetic exercise on functional capacity, isokinetic parameters, and pain scores in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome. A total of 37 knees were examined. Six-meter hopping, three-step hopping, and single-limb hopping course tests were performed for each patient with the measurements of the Lysholm scale and visual analog scale. Tested parameters were peak torque, total work, average power, and endurance ratios. Results Statistical analyses revealed that at the end of the 6-wk treatment period, functional and isokinetic parameters improved significantly, as did pain scores. There was not statistically significant correlation between different groups of parameters. Conclusion The isokinetic exercise treatment program used in this study prevented the extensor power loss due to patellofemoral pain syndrome, but the improvement in the functional capacity was not correlated with the gained power.
Patient‐centred care to improve dietetic practice: an integrative review

BACKGROUND Patient-centred care (PCC) is associated with significant improvements in patients' health outcomes and healthcare systems. There is an opportunity to better understand PCC in dietetics. Thus, the present integrative review aims to critically synthesise literature relating to PCC in dietetics. METHODS A systematic literature search was conducted between February and March 2016. Studies were included if they (i) involved dietitians and/or patients who had participated in an individual dietetic consultation; (ii) related to one or more components of PCC; and (iii) were empirical full-text studies in English, involving adult participants, published between 1997 and 2016. Following title and abstract screening, full texts were retrieved and independently assessed for inclusion by two of the investigators. Two independent investigators conducted data extraction and quality assessment using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Study findings were analysed thematically using meta-synthesis. Twenty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS Six themes were discovered inductively: (i) establishing a positive dietitian-patient relationship; (ii) displaying humanistic behaviours; (iii) using effective communication skills; (iv) individualising and adapting care; (v) redistributing power to the patient; and (vi) lacking time for PCC practices. The first three themes were closely related. Studies used a broad range of methodological designs. Limitations of the studies included a lack of reflexivity and a lack of representativeness of the study population. CONCLUSIONS It is apparent that dietitians require good communication skills and humanistic qualities to build positive relationships with patients. Patients strongly desire individualised nutrition care and greater involvement in care. Ensuring dietitians are able to incorporate patient-centred practises during care requires further research.
KUMMS: optimising DRAM locality with Kernel-user behaviours

DRAM accesses from operating system and user applications are analysed together in the existing researches, which try to improve the DRAM efficiency. In this paper, we find that Kernel and user perform different behaviours while accessing DRAM and interfere with each other greatly. Based on the observations, we divide the DRAM into Kernel-space, user-space and reserved-space. Different policies are designed for different spaces. We also introduce a new lock algorithm for the buddy system to deal with the page requests contentions in the multicore system. Experimental results show that the DRAM locality are averagely improved by more than 10% in the bank:row:column scheme and about 5% in the row:bank:column scheme. The improvements of RBH increase the system throughput without affecting the fairness, and averagely reduce the execution times of different benchmarks by 7.00% and 5.20% in the bank:row:column scheme and row:bank:column scheme, respectively.
Automatic formal verification of MPI-based parallel programs

The Toolkit for Accurate Scientific Software (TASS) is a suite of tools for the formal verification of MPI-based parallel programs used in computational science. TASS can verify various safety properties as well as compare two programs for functional equivalence. The TASS front end takes an integer n ≥ 1 and a C/MPI program, and constructs an abstract model of the program with n processes. Procedures, structs, (multi-dimensional) arrays, heap-allocated data, pointers, and pointer arithmetic are all representable in a TASS model. The model is then explored using symbolic execution and explicit state space enumeration. A number of techniques are used to reduce the time and memory consumed. A variety of realistic MPI programs have been verified with TASS, including Jacobi iteration and manager-worker type programs, and some subtle defects have been discovered. TASS is written in Java and is available from http://vsl.cis. udel.edu/tass under the Gnu Public License.
Understanding Participation in Secondary Career and Technical Education in the 21st Century: Implications for Policy and Practice

We examine participation in Career and Technical Education (CTE) using a typology that better reflects the CTE credit-taking experience of all public high school students, and it is based on the several changes in academic requirements that all students need to meet in order to graduate, including those considered CTE students. We argue that the more traditional approach of classifying students as either academic or vocational concentrators does not reflect the current requirements. We propose this typology using restricted data from the Education Longitudinal Study of 2002. Our analyses show that the typology provides a more effective means of understanding the credit-taking experience of high school students than analyses based on dichotomous, CTE versus academic classifications. About 17% of all high school students complete high-intensity CTE in addition to their academic requirements. Although CTE has historically targeted low-income and special populations, our study reveals high levels of participation among higher income students and those with parents with higher levels of educational achievement. Positive results were also found for academic outcomes, such as a high rate of high-intensity CTE participation among students who were also enrolled in advanced mathematics and, to a lesser extent, in advanced science classes.
Teachers’ professional development: a theoretical review

Background and purpose: The article reviews studies that focus on the professional development of teachers after they have completed their basic teacher training. Teacher professional development is defined as teachers’ learning: how they learn to learn and how they apply their knowledge in practice to support pupils’ learning. The research question addressed in the article is: How do experienced teachers learn? Main argument: The review is framed by theories within the constructivist paradigm. From this perspective, knowledge is perceived as the construction of meaning and understanding within social interaction. The social surroundings are seen as decisive for how the individual learns and develops. It is argued that courses and lectures, or ‘times for telling’, and teachers’ development of a metacognitive attitude are decisive factors for teachers’ learning within a constructivist frame of reference. Sources of evidence and method: To attempt to answer the research question, a search was conducted of the subject of pedagogy in the ISI WEB of Science (search undertaken 9 August 2011) using the search strings ‘teacher learning’, ‘teacher development’ and ‘teacher professional development’, and covering the period from 2009 to 2011 to probe the most recent decade of research. Articles that dealt with basic education, primary and secondary school, were selected, and articles that dealt with learning using digital tools and the internet and newly trained teachers were rejected. A set of 31 articles was selected from this search. To ensure width and depth of coverage, this was supplemented by a selection of review studies and research on further education in respect of teachers’ learning. The texts were analysed by means of open and axial coding, developing main and sub-categories. Conclusions: The review of articles shows that both individual and organisational factors impact teachers’ learning. Teacher co-operation has importance for how they develop, and some of the teachers can lead such learning activities themselves. Moreover, a positive school culture with a good atmosphere and understanding of teachers’ learning, in addition to co-operation with external resource persons, may impact the professional development of teachers. The article concludes with the reflection that learning in school is the best arena for further development of teachers.
Transversality and Transition: Green Innovation and New Regional Path Creation

Since Paul David first published his economic histories of path-dependent innovation, the subject has exerted fascination upon scholars of innovation and technological change and, latterly, regional scientists and economic geographers. This paper speaks of the third and fourth of these communities in the main, though it may have theoretical and empirical elements of interest to the first two as well. It begins with an overview of recent perspectives and critiques concerning the relevance of the path dependence concept to the understanding of regional economic development and its associated governance. It then goes on to discuss the contribution of evolutionary economic geography to thinking about “branching” from path dependence and the creation of new paths. Evidence for key generic spatial processes of path transition is provided before the main content of the paper concludes with new insights into the contributions of regional innovation policy to path evolution. Conclusions are then drawn.
Vav Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors Regulate Atherosclerotic Lesion Development in Mice

Objective—Atherosclerosis requires migration of monocytes to the arterial intima, with subsequent differentiation into foam cells. We showed previously that the scavenger receptor CD36 contributes to the activation of Vav family guanine nucleotide exchange factors (Vavs) in aortae from hyperlipidemic apoE-null mice and that oxidatively modified low-density lipoprotein induced CD36-dependent activation of macrophage Vavs in vitro. We also discovered that CD36-dependent uptake of oxidized low-density lipoprotein and foam cell formation were reduced in Vav-deficient macrophages. We now tested the hypothesis that Vavs play a role in atherosclerotic lesion development. Approach and Results—We showed that apoE/vav1 double-null mice fed a Western diet had significant reduction in total aortic lesion area (by en face analysis) compared with apoE-null mice, with no significant differences in body weight or plasma lipid profiles. Histological analysis of aortic sinus lesions showed fewer macrophages and foam cells in double-null mice compared with apoE-null mice, indicating impaired foam cell generation and homing of macrophages to atherosclerotic lesions. An intravital video microscopy–based adhesion assay with fluorescent (Qtracker655)-labeled monocytes showed reduced adhesion of vav1-null monocytes to hyperlipidemic carotid arteries compared with wild-type monocytes. Furthermore, fewer fluorescently labeled vav1-null monocytes accumulated in aortic sinus lesions in hyperlipidemic apoE-null mice. We also found that activation of RhoGTPase Rac and mitogen-activated protein kinase c-Jun N-terminal kinase-2 by CD36-specific oxidized phospholipids was dependent on Vavs. Conclusions—These results for the first time link Vavs to atherosclerotic lesion development and suggest that Vavs act as critical molecular links coupling hyperlipidemia with proatherogenic monocyte/macrophage responses.
What is AIDS in Guadeloupe? A descriptive and comparative study

Since the pathogen ecology differs between Caribbean regions, specific differences in the most frequent clinical presentations of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) may be expected. We therefore conducted the present retrospective cohort study in order to describe the main AIDS-defining events in Guadeloupe and to compare them with those observed in Metropolitan France and in French Guiana. We discuss the local pathogen ecology, the diagnostic limitations of hospitals in overseas territories and the drivers of the epidemic.