Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
1H NMR Fingerprinting of Soybean Extracts, with Emphasis on Identification and Quantification of Isoflavones

1H NMR spectra were recorded of methanolic extracts of seven soybean varieties (Glycine max.), cultivated using traditional and organic farming techniques. It was possible to identify signals belonging to the groups of amino acids, carbohydrates, organic acids and aromatic substances in the spectra. In the aromatic zone, the isoflavone signals were of particular interest: genistein, daidzein, genistin, daidzin, malonylgenistin, acetylgenistin, malonyldaidzin signals were assigned and these compounds were quantified, resulting in accordance with published data, and further demonstrating the potential of the NMR technique in food science.
We "Line" Because we're having fun

As smartphones become more and more popular, uses of social media on mobile devices have grown explosively. Previous studies have investigated usage behaviors of social networks in various ways, but few of them emphasized the activities on smartphones and social applications. In this study, we develop a research framework based on the network externalities and cognitive absorption to explain users’ actual utilization and satisfaction of a popular social mobile messaging app in Asia: LINE. Two different contexts information sharing and game playing were examined in this research. We tested our research model using 331 data collected via online survey and we found that (1) network externalities (the number of peers) had a positive effect on an individual’s actual usage; (2) cognitive absorption positively affected an individual’s actual usage of and satisfaction toward LINE; (3) LINE users’ actual utilization had a significant impact on their satisfaction; (4) LINE users’ intrinsic motivation (measured by cognitive absorption) is more important than extrinsic motivation (measured by network externalities); and (5) tasks with higher hedonic motives such as game playing may be a stronger trigger of LINE users’ actual utilization.
Analysis of IgE Antibodies from a Patient with Atopic Dermatitis: Biased V Gene Usage and Evidence for Polyreactive IgE Heavy Chain Complementarity-Determining Region 31

To better understand V gene usage, specificity, and clonal origins of IgE Abs in allergic reactions, we have constructed a combinatorial Ab library from the mRNA of an adult patient with atopic dermatitis. Sequence analysis of random clones revealed that 33% of clones used the IGHV6-1 H chain V gene segment, the only member of the VH6 gene family. IGHV6-1 is rarely used in the expressed adult repertoire; however, it is associated with fetal derived Abs. Features of the VH6 rearrangements included short complementarity-determining region 3, frequent use of IGHD7-27 D gene, and little nucleotide addition at the D-J junction. There was also a low level of mutation compared with VH1, VH3, and VH4 rearrangements. The library was expressed as phage-Fab fusions, and specific phage selected by panning on the egg allergen ovomucoid. Upon expression as soluble IgE Fabs, 12 clones demonstrated binding to ovomucoid, skim milk, and BSA by ELISA. Nucleotide sequencing demonstrated that the IGHV6-1 V gene segment encoded each of the 12 multiply reactive IgE Fabs. A cyclic peptide was designed from the complementarity-determining region 3 of several of these clones. The cyclic peptide bound both self and nonself Ags, including ovomucoid, human IgG, tetanus toxoid, and human and bovine von Willebrand factor. These results suggest that some IgE Abs may bind more than one Ag, which would have important implications for understanding the multiple sensitivities seen in conditions such as atopic dermatitis.
Training and Supervision Through the Written Word: A Description and Intern Feedback

Interns support the use of transcription as a method for feedback during supervision. Thirty of 45 master’s level interns who experienced supervision with transcripts returned a transcription survey and indicated positive outcomes for this type of supervision. Positive characteristics included efficiency, concreteness (what was actually said), and ease in analyzing and constructing productive responses. The supervisor’s reinforcement (written) was provided as often as was necessary. Negative aspects of using transcriptions included anxiety associated with the visual reminder of the lack of developed skills, loss of nonverbal behaviors, and less personal interaction between the supervisor and intern.
Schedulability analysis of real-time traffic in WorldFIP networks: an integrated approach

The WorldFIP protocol is one of the profiles that constitute the European fieldbus standard EN-50170. It is particularly well suited to be used in distributed computer-controlled systems where a set of process variables must be shared among network devices. To cope with the real-time requirements of such systems, the protocol provides communication services based on the exchange of periodic and aperiodic identified variables. The periodic exchanges have the highest priority and are executed at run time according to a cyclic schedule. Therefore, the respective schedulability can be determined at pre-run-time when building the schedule table. Concerning the aperiodic exchanges, the situation is different since their priority is lower and they are bandied according to a first-come-first-served policy. In this paper, a response-time-based schedulability analysis for the real-time traffic is presented. Such analysis considers both types of traffic in an integrated way, according to their priorities. Furthermore, a fixed-priorities-based policy is also used to schedule the periodic traffic. The proposed analysis represents an improvement relative to previous work and it can be evaluated online as part of a traffic online admission control. This feature is of particular importance when a planning scheduler is used, instead of the typical offline static scheduler, to allow online changes to the set of periodic process variables.
Phase locking and multiple oscillating attractors for the coupled mammalian clock and cell cycle

Significance In tissues such as bone marrow, intestinal mucosa, or regenerating liver, the daily rhythm of cell division is controlled by the cell’s circadian clock. Determining how this clock organizes important processes such as cell division, apoptosis, and DNA damage repair is key to understanding the links between circadian dysfunction and malignant cell proliferation. We show that in proliferating mouse fibroblasts there is more than one way in which the clock and cell cycle synchronize their oscillations and that one of them is the biological equivalent of the phase locking first discovered by Huygens in the 17th century when he coupled two clocks together. When phase-locked two coupled oscillators have a fixed relative phase and oscillate with a common frequency. Daily synchronous rhythms of cell division at the tissue or organism level are observed in many species and suggest that the circadian clock and cell cycle oscillators are coupled. For mammals, despite known mechanistic interactions, the effect of such coupling on clock and cell cycle progression, and hence its biological relevance, is not understood. In particular, we do not know how the temporal organization of cell division at the single-cell level produces this daily rhythm at the tissue level. Here we use multispectral imaging of single live cells, computational methods, and mathematical modeling to address this question in proliferating mouse fibroblasts. We show that in unsynchronized cells the cell cycle and circadian clock robustly phase lock each other in a 1:1 fashion so that in an expanding cell population the two oscillators oscillate in a synchronized way with a common frequency. Dexamethasone-induced synchronization reveals additional clock states. As well as the low-period phase-locked state there are distinct coexisting states with a significantly higher period clock. Cells transition to these states after dexamethasone synchronization. The temporal coordination of cell division by phase locking to the clock at a single-cell level has significant implications because disordered circadian function is increasingly being linked to the pathogenesis of many diseases, including cancer.
Impact of Coordinated Response to Intimate Partner Violence on Offender Accountability

ABSTRACT This report presents findings on the impact of a coordinated community response effort on offender accountability. A quantitative analysis approach was applied to dispositional data from all intimate partner violence arrests (1,079) occurring between August 1, 1999 and July 31, 2000. Results of the quantitative statistical analyses support that the community coordinated response under investigation resulted in perpetrators of intimate partner violence being held more accountable. Police officers in the specialized Domestic Violence Unit (DVU) made 35.1% of all intimate partner violence arrests while comprising about 1.6% of the total force. Arrests by the DVU were more likely to be felonies and remain so at disposition; and DVU average jail sentences, probation, and time conditionally discharged were longer.
Dual-loop adaptive decoupling control for single wheeled robot: Based on Neural PID controller

This paper proposes a dual-loop adaptive decoupling control method based on single neuron PID controller (DADC-SNPID), balancing the single wheeled robot. A unique mechanical and control hardware structure of single wheeled robot is designed and its simplified mathematical model is established using the Newton-Euler equations according to the actual parameters of the designed robot. A new balance and motion control method is proposed as dual-loop adaptive decoupling control method based on single neuron PID controller to control the robot. Results of simulation and physical experiments are conducted to illustrate effectiveness of the designed robot system and its controller under certain conditions.
Variations in Carrier Pulse Rate and the Perception of Amplitude Modulation in Cochlear Implant Users

Objectives: A major focus of recent attempts to enhance cochlear implant (CI) systems has been to increase the rate at which pulses are delivered to the electrode array. One basis for these attempts has been the expectation that faster stimulation rates would lead to an enhanced representation of temporal modulation information. However, there is recent physiological and behavioral evidence to suggest that the reverse may be the case. Here, the effects of stimulation rate on the perception of amplitude modulation were assessed using both modulation detection and modulation frequency discrimination tasks for a range of pulse rates extending considerably higher than the highest rate tested in previous studies and for different speech-relevant modulation frequencies. Design: Detection of sinusoidal amplitude modulation was assessed in five CI users using monopolar pulse trains presented to a single electrode at rates of 482, 723, 1447, 2894, and 5787 pulses per second (pps). Adaptive procedures were used to find the minimal detectable modulation depth at modulation frequencies of 10 and 100 Hz and at carrier levels of 25%, 50%, and 75% of the electrode’s dynamic range. Discrimination of modulation frequency was examined for the same range of pulse rates for the highest carrier level. Similar adaptive procedures determined the minimum increase in modulation frequency that could be detected relative to reference modulation frequencies of 10, 100, and 200 Hz. In both tasks, level roving was implemented to minimize possible loudness cues. Results: Consistent with previous evidence, modulation detection thresholds were better for higher carrier levels and lower modulation frequencies. When modulation depth at threshold was expressed in terms of the ratio of the depth of the modulation and the carrier level in dB (i.e., 20 log m), performance was significantly better at lower pulse rates. However, when modulation depth was expressed relative to dynamic range, the effect of pulse rate was no longer significant, reflecting the fact that dynamic range increases with pulse rate. Modulation frequency discrimination clearly worsened with increasing modulation frequency, but there was no significant effect of pulse rate. Conclusions: In contrast to some recent evidence, no clearly harmful effect of higher pulse rates on modulation perception was found. However, even with very fast stimulation rates, tested over a wide range of modulation frequencies and with two different tasks, there is no evidence of benefit from faster stimulation rates in the perception of amplitude modulation.
Predictors of Death among Patients Who Completed Tuberculosis Treatment: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Background Mortality among patients who complete tuberculosis (TB) treatment is still high among vulnerable populations. The objective of the study was to identify the probability of death and its predictive factors in a cohort of successfully treated TB patients. Methods A population-based retrospective longitudinal study was performed in Barcelona, Spain. All patients who successfully completed TB treatment with culture-confirmation and available drug susceptibility testing between 1995–1997 were retrospectively followed-up until December 31, 2005 by the Barcelona TB Control Program. Socio-demographic, clinical, microbiological and treatment variables were examined. Mortality, TB Program and AIDS registries were reviewed. Kaplan-Meier and a Cox regression methods with time-dependent covariates were used for the survival analysis, calculating the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results Among the 762 included patients, the median age was 36 years, 520 (68.2%) were male, 178 (23.4%) HIV-infected, and 208 (27.3%) were alcohol abusers. Of the 134 (17.6%) injecting drug users (IDU), 123 (91.8%) were HIV-infected. A total of 30 (3.9%) recurrences and 173 deaths (22.7%) occurred (mortality rate: 3.4/100 person-years of follow-up). The predictors of death were: age between 41–60 years old (HR: 3.5; CI:2.1–5.7), age greater than 60 years (HR: 14.6; CI:8.9–24), alcohol abuse (HR: 1.7; CI:1.2–2.4) and HIV-infected IDU (HR: 7.9; CI:4.7–13.3). Conclusions The mortality rate among TB patients who completed treatment is associated with vulnerable populations such as the elderly, alcohol abusers, and HIV-infected IDU. We therefore need to fight against poverty, and promote and develop interventions and social policies directed towards these populations to improve their survival.
Les valeurs de base de la personne : théorie, mesures et applications

Le concept de valeur en sciences sociales a souffert d’une absence de consensus, que ce soit sur la definition des valeurs, sur leur contenu ou sur la structure des relations qu’elles entretiennent les unes avec les autres ; il a egalement souffert de l’absence de methodes fiables permettant de mesurer les valeurs. Pour valider une theorie destinee a combler, du moins partiellement, cette lacune, cet article presente des donnees provenant de plus de soixante-dix pays et utilisant deux instruments de mesure differents. On traite ici des valeurs de base que les individus reconnaissent comme telles dans toutes les cultures. La theorie distingue dix valeurs de base differentes et decrit la dynamique des oppositions et des compatibilites entre elles. Cette dynamique determine une structure des relations entre valeurs, structure commune a des groupes appartenant a des cultures differentes, ce qui conduit a penser qu’il existerait une organisation universelle des motivations humaines. Les individus, comme les groupes, se distinguent par les priorites qu’ils donnent a ces valeurs. On examine ici d’ou proviennent les differences de priorite que les individus accordent aux valeurs, et les consequences en termes d’attitudes et de comportements qui decoulent de ces differences de priorites. On traite ainsi des processus qui influent sur les valeurs, et de ceux par lesquels elles influent sur l’action.
Independence of neutrophil respiratory burst oxidant generation from the early cytosolic calcium response after stimulation with unopsonized Candida albicans hyphae

We previously noted differences between neutrophil responses to unopsonized Candida albicans hyphae and responses to other particulate stimuli such as opsonized hyphae or zymosan; these differences include delayed rises in cytosolic calcium [( Ca2+]i), 1,4,5-inositol trisphosphate, and superoxide release and the total absence of early membrane depolarization. Respiratory burst stimulation is required for killing of C. albicans hyphae. Since an early rise in [Ca2+]i may act as a second messenger for burst activation by most agonists, we chelated (Ca2+)i and extracellular Ca2+ [( Ca2+)e] to compare requirements for superoxide responses to hyphae and other stimuli. Intracellular chelation, which ablated early [Ca2+]i rises, eliminated the fMet-Leu-Phe-induced respiratory burst and profoundly reduced that response to opsonized zymosan (by 96.7%), but chelation of both (Ca2+)i and (Ca2+)e only partially inhibited responses to opsonized and unopsonized hyphae (60.5 and 23.3%, respectively; the latter exceeded absolute responses evoked by opsonized zymosan, a 12-fold-more-potent stimulus for unchelated cells). Simultaneous (Ca2+)i and (Ca2+)e chelation further decreased superoxide responses to opsonized zymosan and hyphae (99.4 and 90.4%, respectively) but not to unopsonized hyphae (26.7% inhibition). Though both ingestible (zymosan) and uningestible (hyphae) opsonized particulate stimuli elicited reduced but significant respiratory bursts without early [Ca2+]i rises, the greater superoxide responses and sensitivity to chelation with opsonized zymosan suggest important differences in initiation and/or regulation of responses to these particulate stimuli. In contrast, the respiratory burst elicited by unopsonized hyphae appeared largely Ca2+ independent. If different events mediate neutrophil activation by opsonized and unopsonized hyphae, candidacidal activity in vivo may vary under divergent conditions with specific localized sites of infection.
A Chinese beauty story: how college women in China negotiate beauty, body image, and mass media

This study examines how young Chinese women negotiate beauty and body image in context with mass media, paying particular attention to the relationship between ongoing sociocultural change in contemporary Chinese society and the attitudes and behaviors among young women towards beauty. Qualitative in nature, this study explores the “beauty stories” of 13 college women in mainland China through in-depth interviews. Several distinctive themes were found: (1) These women believed the ideal beautiful Chinese woman should have a tall and thin body, big eyes, a watermelon seed-shaped face, fair skin, and qi zhi (inner beauty); (2) Body image issues were centralized in these women's everyday experiences, and they were under significant cultural, societal, familial, and peer pressure to pursue physical beauty; (3) Cultural and media influences on their perceptions of beauty were complex and multi-layered; and (4) The women were hopeful of both potential positive social change and the liberation of Chinese women, and they were concerned about the superficiality and extreme beauty standards advocated in the media. The findings suggest that the contemporary Chinese beauty story is essentially different from the Western one, extending the existing literature on beauty and body image to include an Eastern and Chinese perspective.
SPONTANEOUS PAIN AND OTHER SUBJECTIVE SENSORY DISTURBANCES: A CLINICOPATHOLOGIC STUDY

The types of sensation described as "hyperaffectivity," "hyperpathia," "central pain," "spontaneous pain" and "dysesthesia" have been the topic of many contributions. All of these sensations were first described by Dejerine 1 as forming the syndrome thalamique , and the subject was elaborated on later by his pupil Roussy 2 in the well known monograph entitled "La couche optique. " According to Roussy the syndrome is characterized by "spontaneous pain," hemianesthesia, little or no hemiplegia, hemiataxia and choreo-athetoid movements. Of these symptoms "spontaneous pain" has received the most consideration. Head and Holmes 3 and others have shown that the acute paroxysmal pains, frequently intolerable and not amenable to any form of treatment, are caused by lesions of the lateral nucleus of the thalamus. The other symptoms are produced by lesions in the structures adjacent to the thalamus. In 1911 Head and Holmes expressed the belief that "the feeling tone of somatic or visceral
PET imaging of neurokinin‐1 receptors with [18F]SPA‐RQ in human subjects: Assessment of reference tissue models and their test–retest reproducibility

[18F]SPA‐RQ (substance P antagonist receptor quantifier) labels the substance P‐preferring (NK1) receptor in human brain. A prior study showed that [18F]SPA‐RQ brain uptake can be quantified with a reference tissue method and thereby avoid invasive blood sampling. The purposes of this study were to compare three different reference tissue methods and to assess test–retest reproducibility. Eight healthy subjects underwent two [18F]SPA‐RQ scans. We calculated the binding potential (BP), which is proportional to receptor density, from both regional volume of interest and voxel‐wise data. We compared three reference tissue methods: simplified reference tissue model, multilinear reference tissue model (MRTM), and its two‐parameter version (MRTM2). The three methods generated equivalent values of regional BP, but MRTM2 was the most resistant to noise. Temporally stable values of BP were obtained with 240 min of imaging data. MRTM2 had excellent test–retest reproducibility, with high reliability (intraclass correlation > 0.9) and low variability (< 10%). In addition to regional volume of interest analysis, we also created parametric images of BP, variability, and reliability based on voxel‐wise time–activity data. The reproducibility of parametric BP was also good, with variability < 20% and reliability > 0.7 in gray matter regions. In conclusion, a two‐parameter reference tissue method (MRTM2) provided reproducible and reliable measurements of [18F]SPA‐RQ brain uptake using 240 min of both regional and voxel‐wise data. Synapse 61:242–251, 2007. Published 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Good is up—spatial metaphors in action observation

Positive objects or actions are associated with physical highness, whereas negative objects or actions are related to physical lowness. Previous research suggests that metaphorical connection (“good is up” or “bad is down”) between spatial experience and evaluation of objects is grounded in actual experience with the body. Prior studies investigated effects of spatial metaphors with respect to verticality of either static objects or self-performed actions. By presenting videos of object placements, the current three experiments combined vertically-located stimuli with observation of vertically-directed actions. As expected, participants’ ratings of emotionally-neutral objects were systematically influenced by the observed vertical positioning, that is, ratings were more positive for objects that were observed being placed up as compared to down. Moreover, effects were slightly more pronounced for “bad is down,” because only the observed downward, but not the upward, action led to different ratings as compared to a medium-positioned action. Last, some ratings were even affected by observing only the upward/downward action, without seeing the final vertical placement of the object. Thus, both, a combination of observing a vertically-directed action and seeing a vertically-located object, and observing a vertically-directed action alone, affected participants’ evaluation of emotional valence of the involved object. The present findings expand the relevance of spatial metaphors to action observation, thereby giving new impetus to embodied-cognition research.