Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Analysis of a Mobile Platform's In-app Advertising Contract under Agency Pricing for App Sales an Analysis of a Mobile Platform's In-app Advertising Contract under Agency Pricing for App Sales Introduction

We develop a two-sided market model that captures two unique features of the in-app mobile advertising market: the joint structure of the adverting platform and agency pricing for the app sales channel. In the joint structure of the mobile advertising platform, both the platform owner and the app developer jointly control the provisioning of ads compared to the platform owner alone in the traditional advertising platform. We analyze the platform owner’s optimal in-app advertising contract that will drive the advertisers and app developer to engage in publishing ads within apps. Our results reveal the market conditions that dictate when the platform owner can profit by raising the app developer’s revenue sharing percentage in the in-app advertising contract, and when an app developer can benefit from the growth of the advertiser side of the market. We also investigate the impact of agency pricing for app sales on the platform owner’s in-app advertising contract. We show that the advertising revenue-sharing contract fails to coordinate the advertising platform in the presence of agency pricing for app sales, which may lead to higher app prices for app users.
Probabilistic analysis of counting protocols in large-scale asynchronous and anonymous systems

We consider a large system populated by n anonymous nodes that communicate through asynchronous and pair-wise interactions. The aim of these interactions is for each node to converge toward a global property of the system, that depends on the initial state of each node. In this paper we focus on both the counting and proportion problems. We show that for any δ ∊ (0, 1), the number of interactions needed per node to converge is O(ln(n/δ)) with probability at least 1−δ. We also prove that each node can determine, with any high probability, the proportion of nodes that initially started in a given state without knowing the number of nodes in the system. This work provides a precise analysis of the convergence bounds, and shows that using the 4-norm is very effective to derive useful bounds.
The application of First World War aerial photography to archaeology: the Belgian images

The First World War left its mark on the ground surface of Europe as perhaps no other human catastrophe before or since. The author applies modern digital mapping technology to the aerial photographs taken by the intrepid early pilots, and creates a landscape of military works that would not have been known in detail to either historians or generals at the time. The GIS inventory has great potential for historians of the war and is a vital instrument for the management of this increasingly important heritage.
Color compatibility from large datasets

This paper studies color compatibility theories using large datasets, and develops new tools for choosing colors. There are three parts to this work. First, using on-line datasets, we test new and existing theories of human color preferences. For example, we test whether certain hues or hue templates may be preferred by viewers. Second, we learn quantitative models that score the quality of a five-color set of colors, called a color theme. Such models can be used to rate the quality of a new color theme. Third, we demonstrate simple proto-types that apply a learned model to tasks in color design, including improving existing themes and extracting themes from images.
How do Indian Multinationals Affect Exports from Home Country

Since 1990s a large number of Indian firms emerged as multinational corporations with ever increasing outflows of foreign direct investment (FDI). The present paper examines how these emerging multinationals have affected the exports from the home country. The findings from this study suggest that Indian multinationals have played an important role in promoting Indian exports in the global markets. Therefore, instituting favourable policies for promoting outward FDI (OFDI) activities of Indian multinationals could be instrumental in boosting India’s export performance.
Syddansk Universitet The association between Act-Belong-Commit indicators and problem drinking among older Irish adults Findings from a prospective analysis of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing ( TILDA )

The Act-Belong-Commit campaign is the world's first comprehensive, population-wide, community-based program to promote mental health. However, its potential for preventing substance use disorders is unknown. Further, a literature gap is evident concerning behavioral modification strategies to prevent such disorders. The aim of this study was to prospectively assess the association between indicators of the Act-Belong-Commit behavioral domains and the development of problem drinking. Data from two waves of the Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA) were analyzed. The sample consisted of 3950 adults aged≥50 years. A validated scale for problem drinking was used. The number of social/recreational activities engaged in was used as an indicator of Act, social network integration as an indicator of Belong, and frequency of participation in these social/recreational activities as an indicator of Commit. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to assess associations between baseline indicators of Act-Belong-Commit and the development of problem drinking at two-year follow-up. Each increase in the number of social/recreational activities (Act) inversely predicted the onset of problem drinking. Similarly, being well integrated into social networks (Belong) was negatively associated with the development of problem drinking. Finally, frequency of participation in social/recreational activities (Commit) also inversely predicted the onset of problem drinking. These associations were apparent regardless of the presence of baseline common mental disorders. Act-Belong-Commit indicators are shown to be associated with a reduced risk for problem drinking. This lends further support to the Act-Belong-Commit domains and has wide-ranging implications for preventing substance use disorders in the aging community.
Incomplete caries removal in deep lesions: a 10-year prospective study.

PURPOSE To follow-up teeth with deep caries lesions submitted to incomplete caries removal over a 10-year period. METHODS 27 subjects (32 permanent posterior teeth) with deep caries lesions composed the sample. In this single-arm long-term prospective study, the inclusion criteria were risk of pulp exposure during caries excavation, positive response to the cold test, absence of spontaneous pain or sensitivity during percussion, and radiographic absence of a periapical lesion. Subjects were submitted to the following procedures: complete caries removal from the surrounding cavity walls, incomplete caries removal from the pulpal wall, capping with a calcium hydroxide cement, and sealing with a modified zinc oxide-eugenol cement. After 6-7 months, the temporary sealing was removed for methodological purposes (no further excavation was performed), and teeth were capped with a calcium hydroxide cement and filled with resin composite. Clinical and radiographic assessments were conducted after 6-7 months, 1.5, 3, 5 and 10 years. Success was defined as clinical and radiographic signs and symptoms of pulp sensitivity while failure was defined as endodontic treatment need. RESULTS Over 10 years, one tooth was excluded from the sample (pulp exposure during treatment), five were lost to recall, 10 had therapy failure (five fractures and four necroses leading to endodontic treatment need, and one extraction) and 16 had therapy success (pulp sensitivity). Overall survival rates were 97%, 90%, 82% and 63% at 1.5-, 3-, 5- and 10-year follow-ups, respectively. Teeth with two or more restored surfaces failed significantly more than teeth with one restored surface (P= 0.01).
Linking adaptation processes to team performance in high-tempo, high-stakes teamwork: a large-scale gaming perspective

Abstract This study surveys and synthesises prior research on the processes by which teams adapt when collaborating on high-tempo, high-stakes work. Of principal concern are adaptation processes within teams operating in extreme environments, whether precipitated by changes within the team itself (such as loss or gain of new members) or within the team’s operational environment (such as unplanned-for contingencies). Propositions concerning three aspects of adaptation are developed: changes in the distribution of workflow across team members, improvisation of team members’ individual roles, and emergent behaviours intended to compensate for fluctuations in team member performance. Issues and opportunities for addressing these propositions in highly instrumented environments are then identified, taking as a test case the multiplayer online battle arena combat game, League of Legends. This article concludes with a discussion of opportunities and challenges in using detailed and voluminous naturally occurring data from highly instrumented environments – whether real or virtual – to address the propositions presented here.
Associations of extremely hot weather and cardiovascular disease mortality: Results from 2011 to 2017, Jinan City, China

Objective: The main objective of this study is to investigate the acute effects of extremely high-temperature weather and heat waves on the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) resulting in the death in Jinan City, China. Methods: We collected the daily CVD death cases of permanent residents, daily weather data, and air pollution data (PM2.5, SO2, NO2, and O3) from Jinan, China, from 2011 to 2017 for May–September, when the temperatures are their highest. Three levels of extremely high-temperature weather were defined by the 90th percentile (29.5°C), the 95th percentile (30.6°C), or the 99th percentile (32.4°C) of daily mean temperature. They are represented by P90, P95, and P99, respectively. The definition of heat wave also included three levels, namely, Heat Wave I, Heat Wave II, and Heat Wave III for the P90, P95, and P99 of daily average temperatures that lasted for 3 days or longer. A time-stratified case-crossover study was used to assess the acute effects of extremely hot weather and heat waves on the risk of CVD death with a lag time of 6 days. Results: A total of 54,374 CVD deaths were detected during the study, with an average of 52 deaths/day. No Heat Wave III was present between 2011 and 2017. The maximum effect of P90, P95, and P99 on CVD death occurred in Lag 1 with odds ratio values of 1.21 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.16-1.66), 1.25 (95% CI: 1.18–1.32), and 1.28 (95% CI: 1.13-1.45). At Lag 1, Heat Wave I increased the risk of CVD death by 1.30 (95% CI: 1.23–1.37); at Lag 2, Heat Wave II increased the risk of CVD death by 1.47 (95% CI: 1.36–1.59). Conclusions: A 7-year analysis of Jinan City, China, found that extremely high-temperature weather and heat waves can lead to a significant increase in the risk of death from CVD, suggesting that a health-risk management and response mechanism should be established that include both extreme high temperatures (day effect) and heat waves (sustained effect).
Acoustic excitations and elastic heterogeneities in disordered solids

Significance What makes the difference when sound propagation is investigated in a crystal or in a glass? One hundred years ago, Debye rationalized the former case in terms of phonons. In contrast, years of effort have failed to provide a convincing picture for vibrations in disordered solids. We provide a contribution to this issue by reporting clear evidence that a mechanical feature, elastic heterogeneity at the nanoscale, profoundly affects the main properties and even the very nature of sound waves. Our picklock is the numerical study of a toy model that, at fixed macroscopic thermodynamical conditions, allows to investigate in a unified framework the perfect crystal, increasingly defective ordered phases, and the fully developed amorphous state. In the recent years, much attention has been devoted to the inhomogeneous nature of the mechanical response at the nanoscale in disordered solids. Clearly, the elastic heterogeneities that have been characterized in this context are expected to strongly affect the nature of the sound waves which, in contrast to the case of perfect crystals, cannot be completely rationalized in terms of phonons. Building on previous work on a toy model showing an amorphization transition, we investigate the relationship between sound waves and elastic heterogeneities in a unified framework by continuously interpolating from the perfect crystal, through increasingly defective phases, to fully developed glasses. We provide strong evidence of a direct correlation between sound wave features and the extent of the heterogeneous mechanical response at the nanoscale.
Credit Constraints and the Measurement of Time Preferences

Abstract Incentivized experiments are often used to identify the time preferences of households in developing countries. We argue theoretically and empirically that experimental measures may not identify preference parameters, but are a useful tool for understanding financial shocks and constraints. Using data from an experiment in Mali, we find that subject responses vary with savings and financial shocks, meaning they provide information about credit constraints and can be used to test models of risk sharing.
Multi-Etiological Nature of Tuberculosis-Like Lesions in Condemned Pigs at the Slaughterhouse

Tuberculosis-like lesions (TBL) in pigs have been associated with microorganisms other than mycobacteria. In this work a histopathological and microbiological evaluation of TBL in pigs is shown. A total of 352 samples belonging to 171 pigs totally condemned at slaughterhouse due to generalized TBL were sampled and selected for analysis. Pyogranulomatous (56.2%) and granulomatous lesions (20.2%) were observed in all analysed organs. Most of the granulomas observed in both lymph nodes and lungs belonged to more advanced stages of development (stages III and IV) whereas in the liver and the spleen most of lesions belonged to intermediate stages (stages II and III). Different microorganisms were simultaneously detected from TBL in the 42.7% of the animals. Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTC) (38%), coryneform bacteria (40.3%) and streptococci (28.1%) were the main groups of microorganisms detected after bacteriological analysis, with Trueperella pyogenes and Streptococcus suis as the most frequently isolated species. Mycobacteria belonging to MTC were the most frequently detected pathogens in granulomatous and pyogranulomatous lesions in submandibular lymph nodes (32.7%) and coryneform bacteria were the microorganisms more frequently isolated from lungs (25.9%) and spleen samples (37.2%). These results may provide new insights into the pathogenesis and diagnosis of this pathology. The importance of coryneform bacteria and streptococci in such processes must be evaluated in future studies.
The role of phonological and executive working memory resources in simple arithmetic strategies

The current study investigated the role of the central executive and the phonological loop in arithmetic strategies to solve simple addition problems (Experiment 1) and simple subtraction problems (Experiment 2). The choice/no-choice method was used to investigate strategy execution and strategy selection independently. The central executive was involved in both retrieval and procedural strategies, but played a larger role in the latter than in the former. Active phonological processes played a role in procedural strategies only. Passive phonological resources, finally, were only needed when counting was used to solve subtraction problems. No effects of working memory load on strategy selection were observed.
Polymorphisms of MDM4 and risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Purpose Mouse double minute 4 (MDM4), a homolog of MDM2, is one of the key negative regulators of p53, and its amplification or overexpression contributes to carcinogenesis by inhibiting the p53 tumor suppressor activity. We investigated the association between MDM4 polymorphisms and the risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN). Methods We genotyped three MDM4 tagging polymorphisms, two in the 3′ untranslated region (rs11801299G>A and rs10900598G>T) and one in intron 1 (rs1380576C>G), in a case–control study of 1075 non-Hispanic white SCCHN patients and 1079 cancer-free controls, and evaluated their associations with SCCHN risk. Results Although none of these three polymorphisms individually had a statistically significant effect on the risk of SCCHN, nor did their combined number of putative risk genotypes (i.e. rs11801299GG, rs1380576CG+GG, and rs10900598GG) [odds ratio (OR)=1.16; 95% confidence interval (95% CI) =0.93–1.45], we found that individuals with 1–3 risk genotypes had statistically significant increased risk of oropharyngeal cancer (OR=1.32; 95% CI=1.00–1.73), particularly for those with T1–2 stage (OR=1.40; 95% CI=1.02–1.94), those with regional lymph node metastases (N1–3) (OR=1.44; 95% CI=1.07–1.95), and those with late stages (III and IV) (OR=1.34; 95% CI=1.01–1.77). Conclusion These results suggest that the joint effect of MDM4 variants may contribute to the risk of oropharyngeal cancer in non-Hispanic whites. Additional studies are warranted to unravel whether the particular stage distribution of oropharyngeal cancer with the strongest association (T1–2, N1–3, and III–IV) is a possible link with human papillomavirus-related oropharyngeal cancers.
Post-translational regulation of the cleaved fragment of Par-4 in ovarian and endometrial cancer cells

We recently reported the caspase3-dependent cleavage of Par-4 resulting in the accumulation of a 25kDa cleaved-Par-4 (cl-Par-4) fragment and we investigated in the present study the mechanisms regulating this fragment using cl-Par-4-expressing stable clones derived from ovarian and endometrial cancer cell lines. Cl-Par-4 protein was weakly express in all stable clones despite constitutive expression. However, upon cisplatin treatment, cl-Par-4 levels increased up to 50-fold relative to baseline conditions. Treatment of stable clones with proteasome and translation inhibitors revealed that cisplatin exposure might in fact protect cl-Par-4 from proteasome-dependent degradation. PI3K and MAPK pathways were also implicated as evidenced by an increase of cl-Par-4 in the presence of PI3K inhibitors and a decrease using MAPK inhibitors. Finally using bioinformatics resources, we found diverse datasets showing similar results to those we observed with the proteasome and cl-Par-4 further supporting our data. These new findings add to the complex mechanisms regulating Par-4 expression and activity, and justify further studies addressing the biological significance of this phenomenon in gynaecological cancer cells.
Information behaviour of Australian men experiencing stressful life events: the role of social networks and confidants

Introduction. This paper discusses the findings of a qualitative study into the information behaviour of a group of Australian men who had experienced a stressful life event. It examined sources of information and the gaps and barriers experienced in the information search. The information value of social networks and confidants was explored. Method. Sense-making interviews were conducted with fifteen men who had experienced a period of significant life stress. A self-report sheet was used to collect additional data from the help-seeking men. A semi-structured interview was held with six professionals who offer information and help to members of the community. Analysis. Interview transcripts were examined for themes within the help-seeking episode. A thematic analysis was also undertaken in the interviews with the professionals. Results. Results indicate the use of a variety of information behaviour strategies, including avoidance, during stressful life events. A key finding is the important role of women in assisting men's information behaviour both in terms of facilitating help-seeking, and assisting men to stay on task during help-seeking. Conclusions. These findings indicate the need for greater understanding of the information behaviour of men experiencing stressful life events. The findings have implications for health policy, particularly the development of support services for men.
The interaction of the F plasmid killer protein, CcdB, with DNA gyrase: induction of DNA cleavage and blocking of transcription.

We have studied the interaction of the F plasmid killer protein CcdB with its intracellular target DNA gyrase. We confirm that CcdB can induce DNA cleavage by gyrase and show that this cleavage reaction requires ATP hydrolysis when the substrate is linear DNA, but is independent of hydrolysis when negatively supercoiled DNA is used. The 64 kDa domain of the gyrase A protein, which can catalyse DNA cleavage in the presence of the B protein and quinolone drugs, is unable to cleave DNA in the presence of CcdB unless the C-terminal 33 kDa domain of the gyrase A protein is also present. CcdB-induced DNA cleavage by gyrase requires a minimum length of DNA (> approximately 160 bp), whereas in the presence of quinolone drugs gyrase can cleave much shorter DNA molecules. We show that CcdB, like quinolones, can form a complex with gyrase which can block transcription by RNA polymerase. A model for the interaction of CcdB with gyrase involving the trapping of a post-strand-passage intermediate is suggested. We conclude that CcdB can stabilise a cleavage complex between DNA gyrase and DNA in a manner distinct from quinolones but, like the quinolone-induced cleavage complex, the CcdB-stabilised complex can also form a barrier to the passage of polymerases.
Locally Delivered Tetracycline Fibres in the Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis

Background: Chronic periodontitis is a highly prevalent and recurrent form of periodontal disease and locally delivered tetracycline fibres are considered to exert tremendous benefits for its treatment. Aim: The aim of the study was to observe the clinical results of locally delivered tetracycline fibres in the treatment of chronic periodontitis. Materials and Methods: Patients aged 35-54 years diagnosed with chronic periodontitis of both gender fulfilling the inclusion criteria were selected. A sample size of 30 was calculated and total number of 60 posterior sites were selected. These sites were divided into two sets in a split mouth design as control sites treated with SRP alone and test sites treated with SRP plus tetracycline fibres. Results: A combination of scaling, root planing and local drug delivery in the form of tetracycline fibres resulted in added benefits in the control of chronic periodontitis on the basis of the clinical findings from this study. Conclusion: This study further adds to the evidence that tetracycline fibres as locally delivered agent are safe and effective adjunct to scaling and root planing, and can produce significant clinical benefits when compared to scaling and root planing alone in the treatment of chronic periodontitis.