Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prune Your Neurons Blindly: Neural Network Compression through Structured Class-blind Pruning

High performance of deep learning models typically comes at cost of considerable model size and computation time. These factors limit applicability for deployment on memory and battery constrained devices such as mobile phones or embedded systems. In this work, we propose a novel pruning technique that eliminates entire filters and neurons according to their relative L1-norm as compared to the rest of the network, yielding more compression and decreased parameters’ redundancy. The resulting network is non-sparse, however, much more compact and requires no special infrastructure for deployment. We prove the viability of our method by achieving 97.4%, 86.1%, 47.8% and 53% compression of LeNet-5, VGG-16, ResNet-56 and ResNet-110 respectively, exceeding state-of-the-art compression results reported on VGG-16 and ResNet without losing any performance compared to the baseline. Our approach does not only exhibit good performance but is also easy to implement.
ABSENCE OR PRESENCE OF TAPETUM LUCIDUM: MACRO AND MICROSCOPIC INVESTIGATIONS IN DONKEY (EQUUS ASINUS), CAT (FELIS DOMESTICA) AND ONE-HUMPED CAMEL (CAMELUS DROMEDARIUS)

For explanation eye-shine phenomenon, we used both eyes of five healthy adult donkeys ( Equus asinus ), cats ( Felis domestica ) and one-humped camels ( Camelus dromedarius ). The eyes of a live animal of the three species were photographed under existing light and with a flash. The donkey's pupils appeared black centrally situated and horizontal in direction at daylight. Under flash, the light condensed centrally and the color changed to green or blue . The cat's pupils were oval vertically slit-like and colored yellow to red orange under flash. The camel's pupils characterized by presence of a small centrally spot of light with flash. Tapetum of the donkey was horizontal triangular in shape under the weak light colored indigo with dark blue spots changed into semicircular appearance under strong light. In the cat, Tapetum appeared semicircular in outline with yellow color under weak and strong light. The fundus of camel appeared divided into dark proximal half and lighter distal one under the weak light. Under flash, the two halves appeared transparent white. Microscopically, Tapetum lucidum of the donkey was fibrous in its texture while in cat, it was cellular. In camel, there was a brush's membrane and no Tapetum lucidum . In donkey, the thickness of the tapetal tissue and the degree of pigmentation in the retinal epithelium differed according to the region of Tapetum . The thick tapetal tissue and the unpigmented retinal epithelium combination created the greater reﬂectance of light. So the absence or presence of Tapetum , the tapetal tissue thickness, the degree of pigmentation in the retinal epithelium and the degree of illumination controlled the eye-shine phenomenon. Key words: eye-shine; Tapetum fibrosum ; Tapetum cellulosum ; brush's membrane; choriocapillaries
Controlling the Rate of Planning Generation Population through Counseling by Using Simulation Game Model

Planning Generation Program (GenRe) was ranked first in the contribution of the population rate. Due to the increasing of early teen marriage who has no knowledge of GenRe either from their self or their parents. Parental involvement as an effort to suppress the population rate is a reality of the field that must be done. One of the effort is to increase the knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of parents about GenRe through simulation modeling. The assumption used is the more parents have knowledge, attitude, and behavior about GenRe, teenagers are not trapped in early marriage, then it will suppress the population rate. This descriptive study was conducted in three villages in Sidoarjo, Mojokerto, and Jombang. The results showed that knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of parents toward GenRe in those three villages of each district was increased after getting counseling through the simulation game model. The results of these studies are manifested in the form of high parental understanding of eight family functions. Keywords—component; planning generation; knowledge; attitudes; behaviour; counseling; simulation.
Genome-Wide Association Studies for Growth and Meat Production Traits in Sheep

Background Growth and meat production traits are significant economic traits in sheep. The aim of the study is to identify candidate genes affecting growth and meat production traits at genome level with high throughput single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) genotyping technologies. Methodology and Results Using Illumina OvineSNP50 BeadChip, we performed a GWA study in 329 purebred sheep for 11 growth and meat production traits (birth weight, weaning weight, 6-month weight, eye muscle area, fat thickness, pre-weaning gain, post-weaning gain, daily weight gain, height at withers, chest girth, and shin circumference). After quality control, 319 sheep and 48,198 SNPs were analyzed by TASSEL program in a mixed linear model (MLM). 36 significant SNPs were identified for 7 traits, and 10 of them reached genome-wise significance level for post-weaning gain. Gene annotation was implemented with the latest sheep genome Ovis_aries_v3. 1 (released October 2012). More than one-third SNPs (14 out of 36) were located within ovine genes, others were located close to ovine genes (878bp-398,165bp apart). The strongest new finding is 5 genes were thought to be the most crucial candidate genes associated with post-weaning gain: s58995.1 was located within the ovine genes MEF2B and RFXANK, OAR3_84073899. 1, OAR3_115712045. 1 and OAR9_91721507. 1 were located within CAMKMT, TRHDE, and RIPK2 respectively. GRM1, POL, MBD5, UBR2, RPL7 and SMC2 were thought to be the important candidate genes affecting post-weaning gain too. Additionally, 25 genes at chromosome-wise significance level were also forecasted to be the promising genes that influencing sheep growth and meat production traits. Conclusions The results will contribute to the similar studies and facilitate the potential utilization of genes involved in growth and meat production traits in sheep in future.
Childhood and adolescent depression: a review of the past 10 years. Part I.

OBJECTIVE To qualitatively review the literature of the past decade covering the epidemiology, clinical characteristics, natural course, biology, and other correlates of early-onset major depressive disorder (MDD) and dysthymic disorder (DD). METHOD A computerized search for articles published during the past 10 years was made and selected studies are presented. RESULTS Early-onset MDD and DD are frequent, recurrent, and familial disorders that tend to continue into adulthood, and they are frequently accompanied by other psychiatric disorders. These disorders are usually associated with poor psychosocial and academic outcome and increased risk for substance abuse, bipolar disorder, and suicide. In addition, DD increases the risk for MDD. There is a secular increase in the prevalence of MDD, and it appears that MDD is occurring at an earlier age in successive cohorts. Several genetic, familial, demographic, psychosocial, cognitive, and biological correlates of onset and course of early-onset depression have been identified. Few studies, however, have examined the combined effects of these correlates. CONCLUSIONS Considerable advances have been made in our knowledge of early-onset depression. Nevertheless, further research is needed in understanding the pathogenesis of childhood mood disorders. Toward this end, studies aimed at elucidating mechanisms and interrelationships among the different domains of risk factors are needed.
Medical Synonym Extraction with Concept Space Models

In this paper, we present a novel approach for medical synonym extraction. We aim to integrate the term embedding with the medical domain knowledge for healthcare applications. One advantage of our method is that it is very scalable. Experiments on a dataset with more than 1M term pairs show that the proposed approach outperforms the baseline approaches by a large margin.
Making an AS Act Like a Single Node : Toward Intrinsically Correct Interdomain Routing

Although interconnecting independently-administered ne tworks is one of the main purposes of the Internet, the roles and responsibilities of an Autonomous System (AS) remain vaguely defined. An AS is often viewed as an tomicentity that behaves like a single node with a clearly-defined routing policy, although these notions are also ill-defined. In t his paper, we describe precisely what it means for an AS to be atomic by introducing three necessary conditions that capture an AS’s responsibilities to its neighbors while achiev ing its own policy goals. For example, an AS should export “consistent” routes at all connections to the same peer. We show that BGP violates the necessary conditions, making it difficult for an AS to adhere to its routing policy without resorting to unwieldy constraints on the network configuration. We then propose modest enhancements to how BGP routes are selected, disseminated, and used within an AS to make the network “intrinsically atomic. ” These changes are easily implementable in practice, introduce minimal overhead, and, since they are local to an AS, can be deployed incrementally. We show that making ASes intrinsically atomic enables the designers of interdomain routing protocols to i gnore intra-AS detailswithout sacrificing correctness .
The Dynamic in vivo Distribution of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells after Infusion

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential to differentiate along different mesenchymal lineages including those forming bone, cartilage, tendon, fat, muscle and marrow stroma that supports hematopoiesis. This differentiation potential makes MSCs candidates for cell-based therapeutic strategies for mesenchymal tissue injuries and for hematopoietic disorders by both local and systemic application. In the present study, rat marrow-derived MSCs were ex vivo culture-expanded, labeled with 111In-oxine, and infused into syngeneic rats via intra-artery (i.a.), intravenous (i.v.) and intraperitoneal cavity (i.p.) infusions. In addition, for i.a. and i.v. infusions, a vasodilator, sodium nitroprusside, was administered prior to the cell infusion and examined for its effect on MSC circulation. The dynamic distribution of infused MSCs was monitored by real-time imaging using a gamma camera immediately after infusion and at 48 h postinfusion. After 48 h, radioactivity in excised organs, including liver, lungs, kidneys, spleen and long bones, was measured in a gamma well counter and expressed as a percentage of injected doses. After both i.a. and i.v. infusion, radioactivity associated with MSCs was detected primarily in the lungs and then secondarily in the liver and other organs. When sodium nitroprusside was used, more labeled MSCs cleared the lungs resulting in a larger proportion detected in the liver. Most importantly, the homing of labeled MSCs to the marrow of long bones was significantly increased by the pretreatment with vasodilator. These results indicate multiple homing sites for injected MSCs and that the distribution of MSCs can be influenced by administration of vasodilator.
Odorant‐Binding Proteins: Expression and Function

ABSTRACT: Odorant‐binding proteins (OBPs) are a major constituent of the aqueous perireceptor compartment in vertebrates and in insects. Although different in primary structure, they are supposed to serve similar functions in both animal groups: (i) OBPs may act as solubilizers and carriers of the lipophilic odorants in the aqueous mucus or sensillum lymph; (ii) OBPs may act in addition as peripheral filters in odor discrimination by selectively binding certain classes of odorants; (iii) OBPs may present the stimulus molecule in a particular way to the receptor proteins to facilitate signal transduction; (iv) OBPs may clean the perireceptor space from unwanted and toxic compounds; (v) OBPs may rapidly deactivate odorants after stimulation of the receptors. Experimental evidence in favor of this multiple role of OBPs is reviewed.
Proteomic Identification of Novel Differentiation Plasma Protein Markers in Hypobaric Hypoxia-Induced Rat Model

Background Hypobaric hypoxia causes complex changes in the expression of genes, including stress related genes and corresponding proteins that are necessary to maintain homeostasis. Whereas most prior studies focused on single proteins, newer methods allowing the simultaneous study of many proteins could lead to a better understanding of complex and dynamic changes that occur during the hypobaric hypoxia. Methods In this study we investigated the temporal plasma protein alterations of rat induced by hypobaric hypoxia at a simulated altitude of 7620 m (25,000 ft, 282 mm Hg) in a hypobaric chamber. Total plasma proteins collected at different time points (0, 6, 12 and 24 h), separated by two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE) and identified using matrix assisted laser desorption ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF/TOF). Biological processes that were enriched in the plasma proteins during hypobaric hypoxia were identified using Gene Ontology (GO) analysis. According to their properties and obvious alterations during hypobaric hypoxia, changes of plasma concentrations of Ttr, Prdx-2, Gpx -3, Apo A-I, Hp, Apo-E, Fetub and Nme were selected to be validated by Western blot analysis. Results Bioinformatics analysis of 25 differentially expressed proteins showed that 23 had corresponding candidates in the database. The expression patterns of the eight selected proteins observed by Western blot were in agreement with 2-DE results, thus confirming the reliability of the proteomic analysis. Most of the proteins identified are related to cellular defense mechanisms involving anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. Their presence reflects the consequence of serial cascades initiated by hypobaric hypoxia. Conclusion/Significance This study provides information about the plasma proteome changes induced in response to hypobaric hypoxia and thus identification of the candidate proteins which can act as novel biomarkers.
Maximum metabolic rate, relative lift, wingbeat frequency and stroke amplitude during tethered flight in the adult locust Locusta migratoria

SUMMARY Flying insects achieve the highest mass-specific aerobic metabolic rates of all animals. However, few studies attempt to maximise the metabolic cost of flight and so many estimates could be sub-maximal, especially where insects have been tethered. To address this issue, oxygen consumption was measured during tethered flight in adult locusts Locusta migratoria, some of which had a weight attached to each wing (totalling 30–45% of body mass). Mass-specific metabolic rate increased from 28±2 μmol O2 g−1 h−1 at rest to 896±101 μmol O2g−1 h−1 during flight in weighted locusts, and to 1032±69 μmol O2 g−1 h−1 in unweighted locusts. Maximum metabolic rate of locusts during tethered flight (ṀmO2; μmol O2 h−1) increased with body mass (Mb; g) according to the allometric equation ṀmO2=994Mb0.75±0.19, whereas published metabolic rates of moths and orchid bees during hovering free flight (ṀhO2) are approximately 2.8-fold higher, ṀhO2=2767Mb0.72±0.08. The modest flight metabolic rate of locusts is unlikely to be an artefact of individuals failing to exert themselves, because mean maximum lift was not significantly different from that required to support body mass (95±8%), mean wingbeat frequency was 23.7±0.6 Hz, and mean stroke amplitude was 105±5 deg in the forewing and 96±5 deg in the hindwing – all of which are close to free-flight values. Instead, the low cost of flight could reflect the relatively small size and relatively modest anatomical power density of the locust flight motor, which is a likely evolutionary trade-off between flight muscle maintenance costs and aerial performance.
Azelnidipine, Not Amlodipine, Induces Secretion of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor From Smooth Muscle Cells and Promotes Endothelial Tube Formation

Background We previously reported that the calcium channel blocker (CCB) nifedipine-induced secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from human coronary smooth muscle cells (HCSMCs) promoted human coronary endothelial cell (HCEC) tube formation. Therefore, we analyzed whether other CCBs, azelnidipine and amlodipine, also induced the secretion of VEGF and promoted HCEC tube formation, and the underlying molecular mechanisms. Methods To evaluate the tube formation, HCECs were grown on Matrigel for 18 hours in the supernatants from HCSMCs that had been treated with different kinds of reagents. Concentrations of VEGF in cultured HCSMCs were determined by specific enzyme immunoassays. Nuclear extracts from HCSMCs were prepared, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation was measured by EZ-DetectTM Transcription Factor Kits for NF-κB p50 or p65. Results Although azelnidipine dose-dependently stimulated the significant secretion of VEGF from HCSMCs and this stimulation was abolished by a protein kinase C inhibitor, amlodipine-induced secretion of VEGF was significantly lower than that induced by azelnidipine. The medium derived from azelnidipine (at up to 2 μM)-treated HCSMCs led to HCEC tube formation, whereas that obtained with amlodipine did not. Azelnidipine-induced tube formation was blocked by an inhibitor of kinase insert domain-containing receptor/fetal liver kinase-1 tyrosine kinase. Azelnidipine at up to 2 μM induced NF-κB activation. Conclusions Azelnidipine, but not amlodipine, stimulated the secretion of VEGF from HCSMCs and induced HCEC tube formation. This secretion is mediated at least in part via the activation of NF-κB. Azelnidipine may have a novel beneficial effect in improving coronary microvascular blood flow in addition to its main effect of lowering blood pressure.
Affinities of the family Sollasellidae (Porifera, Demospongiae). II. Molecular evidence

This is the second part of a revision and re-classification of the demosponge family Sollasellidae, and an example of a successful use of combined morphological and molecular data. Sollasella had been a poorly known, long forgotten taxon, placed incertae sedis in the order Hadromerida in the last major revision of the demosponges. It has recently been suggested to belong to Raspailiidae in the order Poecilosclerida due to striking morphological similarities. The present analysis verified this re-classification using molecular markers. Comparing 28S rDNA fragments of Sollasella cervicornis, a newly described species S. moretonensis and a representative set of raspailiid and hadromerid samples. In our analyses Sollasella clearly clusters inside the Raspailiidae clade, and distantly from hadromerid taxa. Supporting morphological hypothesis of Van Soest et al. (2006), that Sollasella is a raspailiid sponge.
Practical Projective Structure from Motion (P2SfM)

This paper presents a solution to the Projective Structure from Motion (PSfM) problem able to deal efficiently with missing data, outliers and, for the first time, large scale 3D reconstruction scenarios. By embedding the projective depths into the projective parameters of the points and views, we decrease the number of unknowns to estimate and improve computational speed by optimizing standard linear Least Squares systems instead of homogeneous ones. In order to do so, we show that an extension of the linear constraints from the Generalized Projective Reconstruction Theorem can be transferred to the projective parameters, ensuring also a valid projective reconstruction in the process. We use an incremental approach that, starting from a solvable sub-problem, incrementally adds views and points until completion with a robust, outliers free, procedure. Experiments with simulated data shows that our approach is performing well, both in term of the quality of the reconstruction and the capacity to handle missing data and outliers with a reduced computational time. Finally, results on real datasets shows the ability of the method to be used in medium and large scale 3D reconstruction scenarios with high ratios of missing data (up to 98%).
Tumor Escape Mutants Develop within an Immune-Privileged Environment in the Absence of T Cell Selection

The establishment of tumor escape mutants, which can be driven by innate and/or adaptive immune effector cells, presents a significant obstacle in the development of successful tumor immunotherapies. Our study documents that tumors growing within an immune-privileged site within the eye develop a tumor escape phenotype in the absence of selective T cell pressure. P815 tumor cells that are recovered from progressively growing tumors within the anterior chamber of the eye escape elimination when injected into the flanks of a second group of syngeneic DBA/2 mice that were previously immunized against P815 tumor cells. The escape phenotype of eye-derived P815 tumors was stable and permanent when the tumor cells were cultured in vitro. Eye-derived tumor cells recovered from the anterior chamber of CB-17 SCID mice also escaped elimination when injected into the flanks of immunized mice, demonstrating that selective pressure by tumor Ag-specific T cells did not contribute to the development of the escape phenotype. In vitro studies demonstrated that eye-derived tumor cells were not lysed by specific CTL and were unable to restimulate primed Ag-specific T cells. Immune escape of eye-derived tumor cells was not due to down-regulation of either MHC class I or ICAM-1. Our data demonstrate that the immune-privileged environment within the eye induces a tumor escape phenotype that is not driven by selective T cell pressure. We predict that immune escape within the eye is driven by the unique ocular environment that permanently alters gene expression in eye-derived tumor cells.
A2U2: A stream cipher for printed electronics RFID tags

The design of hardware-oriented ciphers has an increasingly important role to play with emerging ubiquitous and pervasive computing devices, such as low cost passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) tags. The importance of such ciphers are further highlighted by novel manufacturing technologies, such as printed ink to develop extremely low cost RFID tags. Such developments bring new challenges, especially in terms of providing security, both to protect privacy as well as to enable applications dependent on security, such as e-tickets. In this paper we present a new stream cipher, A2U2, which uses principles of stream cipher design and approaches from block cipher design. Our lightweight cryptographic primitive has taken into consideration the extremely resource limited environment of printed ink tags, to develop a cipher that can be implemented with less than 300 gates, with the added benefit of high throughput provided by stream ciphers.