Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Comparison of Psychological Problems Between Parents of Intellectual Disabilities Children and Parents of Normal Children

For the purpose of studying psychological programs in parents with intellectual disabilities children 100 parents with mentally retarded child were selected and compared with 100 having normal children. The subjects were parents of student's studying in exceptional and normal primary schools of Arak grades Second to fifth. That was selected by sample random sampling method. Of the total simple 100 subjects were mothers and the remaining 100 were fathers that are 50 mothers and 50 fathers of intellectual disabilities children on the other hand. Also the existence of psychological problems in parents with intellectual disabilities children were studied and compared. The finding of the independent t-test for to groups showed that parents with intellectual disabilities children experienced more psychological problems as compared with those having normal children and their difference as regards hostility, Anxiety, obsessive compulsive, interpersonal senility, psychotics, summarization and depression were significant and as regards phobic-and paranoid states, there were no significant differences between parents of the two groups. The findings of the dependent t-test for examining difference existed between mothers and fathers with intellectual disabilities children showed that mothers tolerated those problems more than fathers. That there existed a significant difference between fathers and mothers as regards hostility behavior, depression, summarization inter personality senility and anxiety and obsessive-compulsive and there was no significant difference between fathers and mothers of intellectual disabilities children as regards psychotics, phobic and paranoid states.
Combined Effects of Gamma and Ultraviolet Radiation Plus Heat on Fibrous Polyamides

Several types of fibrous polyamides were exposed to gamma, ultraviolet (uv), and thermal radiation, singly and in combination, under controlled conditions. The unexposed and exposed specimens were examined by the techniques of solution viscosity, melting point, infrared (ir) spectra, uv absorption and light microscopy. Tensile strength was mea sured in some instances. The combined results give insight into the changes taking place as a result of irradiation. Most polyamides are degraded by long exposure to uv radiation. One was degraded by uv alone and not affected by gamma or heat alone. When exposed to gamma first followed by uv, the degradation was decreased. Simultaneous exposure to gamma and uv gave the same result.
Oscillatory Mechanisms of Response Conflict Elicited by Color and Motion Direction: An Individual Differences Approach

Abstract Goal-directed behavior requires control over automatic behavior, for example, when goal-irrelevant information from the environment captures an inappropriate response and conflicts with the correct, goal-relevant action. Neural oscillations in the theta band (∼6 Hz) measured at midfrontal electrodes are thought to form an important substrate of the detection and subsequent resolution of response conflict. Here, we examined the extent to which response conflict and associated theta-band activity depend on the visual stimulus feature dimension that triggers the conflict. We used a feature-based Simon task to manipulate conflict by motion direction and stimulus color. Analyses were focused on individual differences in behavioral response conflict elicited across different stimulus dimensions and their relationship to conflict-related midfrontal theta. We first confirmed the presence of response conflict elicited by task-irrelevant motion and stimulus color, demonstrating the usefulness of our modified version of the Simon task to assess different sensory origins of response conflict. Despite titrating overall task performance, we observed large individual differences in the behavioral manifestations of response conflict elicited by the different visual dimensions. These behavioral conflict effects were mirrored in a dimension-specific relationship with conflict-related midfrontal theta power, such that, for each dimension, individual midfrontal theta power was generally higher when experienced response conflict was high. Finally, exploratory analyses of interregional functional connectivity suggested a role for phase synchronization between frontal and parietal scalp sites in modulating experienced conflict when color was the task-relevant visual dimension. Highlighting the importance of an individual differences approach in cognitive neuroscience, these results reveal large individual differences in experienced response conflict depending on the source of visual interference, which are predicted by conflict-related midfrontal theta power.
Design of an efficient medium for insect cell growth and recombinant protein production

SummaryWe report the development of a new serum-free medium based on the use of factorial experiments. At first, a variety of hydrolysates were screened using a fractional factorial approach with High-Five cells. From this experiment yeastolate ultrafiltrate was found to have, by far, the most important effect on cell growth. Furthermore, Primatone RL® was found to remarkably prolong the stationary phase of Sf-9 and High-Five cell cultures. The optimal concentrations for yeastolate and Primatone were determined to be 0.6 and 0.5%, respectively, on the basis of a complete factorial experiment. This new medium, called YPR, supported good growth of both Sf-9 and High-Five cells in batch cultures, with maximal densities of 5.4 and 6.1×106 cells/ml, respectively. In addition, both cell lines achieved good growth in bioreactor batch culture and had a prolonged stationary phase of 3–4 d in YPR medium compared to Insect-XPRESS medium. The ability of the new medium to support recombinant protein expression was also tested by infecting Sf-9 or High-Five cells at high density (2×106 cells/ml) with a baculovirus expressing secreted placental alkaline phosphatase (SEAP). The maximum total SEAP concentration after 7 d was about 43 IU/ml (58 mg/L) and 28 IU/ml (39 mg/L) for High-Five and Sf-9 cells, respectively.
Immunogenicity and antigenicity of endotoxic lipopolysaccharides: reversible effects of temperature on immunogenicity.

13. M611er, G. [ed.]. Immunological tolerance. Effect of antigen on different cell populations. Transpl. Rev. 8:3-136, 1972. 14. Sj6berg, O. Antigen-binding cells in mice immune or tolerant to Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide. J. Exp. Med. 133:1015-1025, 1971. 15. M611er, E. , Sjbberg, O. Antigen-binding cells in immune and tolerant animals. Transpl. Rev. 8:2649, 1972. 16. M6ller, E. , Sjdberg, O. , Miikeldi, O. Immunological unresponsiveness against the 4-hydroxy-3,5-dinitro-phenacetyl (NNP) hapten in different lymphoid cell populations. Eur. J. Immunol. 218-220, 1971.
On Max-Min Fair Congestion Control for Multicast ABR Service in ATM

In the ATM Forum activities, considerable efforts have focused on the congestion control of point-to-point available bit rate (ABR) service. We present a novel approach that extends existing point-to-point (unicast) congestion control protocols to a point-to-multipoint (multicast) environment. In particular, we establish a unified framework to derive a multicast congestion control protocol for an ABR service from a given rate-based unicast protocol. We generalize a known necessary and sufficient condition on the max-min fairness of unicast rate allocation for a multicast service. Using this condition, we show that the resulting multicast protocol derived using our framework preserves the fairness characteristics of the underlying unicast protocol. The practical significance of our approach is illustrated by extending a standard congestion control mechanism for an ABR service to a multicast environment. The performance of the resulting multicast protocol is examined using benchmark network configurations suggested by the traffic management subworking group at the ATM Forum, and simulation results are presented to substantiate our claims.
Correlation and diagnostic performance of the prostate-specific antigen level with the diagnosis, aggressiveness, and bone metastasis of prostate cancer in clinical practice

Purpose The common tool for diagnosing prostate cancer is serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing and digital rectal examination, but the disadvantage of the high sensitivity and low specificity of PSA testing in the diagnosis of prostate cancer is a problem in clinical practice. We studied the correlation and diagnostic performance of the PSA level with cancer diagnosis, aggressiveness of prostate cancer (Gleason score>7), and bone metastasis. Methods A total 1,116 patients who underwent transrectal ultrasound and prostate biopsy were retrospectively studied. The patients were divided into subgroups by baseline PSA level as follows: ≤4, 4.1–10, 10.1–20, 20.1–50, 50.1–100, and >100 ng/mL. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AuROC), sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, positive likelihood ratio, and negative likelihood ratio of each PSA level were evaluated for correlation and diagnostic performance with positive biopsy, Gleason score for aggressiveness, and bone metastasis. Results A positive biopsy result was found in 395 patients (35.39%). The PSA level corresponded well with the diagnosis of prostate cancer and a positive bone scan but moderately well with Gleason score as shown by AuROC for diagnosis of prostate cancer (0.82), positive bone scan (0.88), and Gleason score>7 (0.78). The specificity of a PSA level of 4.1–10, 10.1–20, 21.1–50, 50.1–100, and >100 ng/mL in the diagnosis prostate cancer was 9.3, 55.5, 87.5, 98.2, and 99.7, respectively. Conclusions The data showed a strong correlation of PSA level with tumor diagnosis, tumor aggressiveness, and bone metastasis. The prevalence of prostate cancer in this cohort was 35.39%. The chance of diagnosis of prostate cancer was greater than that for benign prostatic hyperplasia when the PSA level was higher than 20 ng/mL.
Neonatal Mastitis: A Clinico-Microbiological Study

Objective:Neonatal breast hypertrophy is a common phenomenon in term infants, superadded infection can lead to mastitis and that can progress to breast abscess with short and long term detrimental effects. Our effort is to study the prevalence, risk factors, the current microbial profile and sensitivity pattern in these infections in order to suggest an optimal treatment plan for these patients. Design: Case series. Setting: Hospital based study conducted in Kashmir on the native population. Duration: 2011 to 2013. Materials and Methods: 32 neonates with features of mastitis or abscess were included in the study. Demographic and clinical data, laboratory work-up were recorded for all these patients in a patient form. Gram stain of the purulent nipple discharge or pus obtained on drainage was done and the specimens were culture plated. Antibiotic sensitivity was determined by disk diffusion and categorized by current Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. Results:Most babies were full term, the age range was 6-48 days. Peak incidence for mastitis was in the 2nd week and for abscess in the 4th week. The ratio of male: female was 1:2 in the entire group, there was greater preponderance of female involvement with increasing age. Massage for expression of secretions a common practice in the study population had been done in 15 patients, especially in male babies. The babies were generally well and associated skin pustulosis was common. Laboratory workup showed polymorphonuclear leucocytosis and CRP positivity. Gram staining showed gram positive cocci in 13 patients and gram negative rods in 1 patient. Culture revealed Staphylococcus aureus in 18, E.col in 2, klebsiella in 1 patient and was sterile in 2 patients. Most strains of Staphylococcus aureus were resistant to macrolides and penicillins. Fifteen were methicillin sensitive and 3 were resistant but were sensitive to amikacin, ofloxacin and vancomycin. Gram negative rods were sensitive to, aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, quinolones, piperacillin-tazobactum and cefoperazone-sulbactum, but were resistant to cephalosporins including third generation cephalosporins. Treatment with oral antibiotic was not successful. Patients responded well to open drainage via a stab incision away from the breast mound; 4 patients were managed by repeated needle aspirations. IV antibiotics were prescribed in all patients for 2-5 days, followed by oral continuation therapy of 7-14 days. Conclusion: From our study, we can conclude that parental counseling to avoid massage, and early treatment for pustulosis is important to prevent mastitis. Intravenous antibiotics should be used for this condition guided by gram stain or culture sensitivity once available. Empirically a drug with good anti-staph cover may be instituted till appropriate reports are available. Incision drainage gives uniformly good results, though; multiple sittings of needle drainage may obviate the need for incision drainage. Therapy can be shifted to oral drugs once clinical improvement is seen.
Interfacial characterisation of flax fibre‐thermoplastic polymer composites by the pull‐out test

The interface between flax fibres and thermoplastic polymer matrices has been investigated. Two types of flax fibres have been used: dew retted and upgraded Duralin fibres. The latter fibres have been treated by a novel treatment process for improved moisture and rot sensitivity. The apparent shear strength of dew-retted and upgraded Duralin fibres embedded in high and low density polyethylene, polypropylene and maleic anhydride modified polypropylene, respectively, has been calculated from the maximum force measured from the pull-out test using the Kelly-Tyson equation. Higher apparent shear strength values have been measured in the case of high density polyethylene. An improvement in the interfacial shear strength by the use of upgraded flax fibres has not been clearly observed. The curves of pull-out force versus displacement for all samples are typical of a brittle fracture mixed mode interface behaviour. The pull-out test of flax fibre-polymer matrices exhibit similar characteristics with the pull-out test of synthetic fibre-polymer systems.
Cluster analysis of the impact of air back-trajectories on aerosol optical properties at Hornsund, Spitsbergen

Abstract. In this paper, spectra of aerosol optical thickness from the AERONET (AErosol RObotic NETwork) station at Hornsund in the southern part of Spitsbergen were employed to study the impact of air mass history on aerosol optical thickness for wavelength λ=500 nm – AOT(500) – and the Angstrom exponent. Backward trajectories computed, using the NOAA HYSPLIT model, were used to trace air history. It was found that in spring, the changes in AOT values over the Hornsund station were strongly influenced by air mass trajectories 8 days or longer in duration, arriving both in the free troposphere and at an altitude of 1 km above sea level. Nevertheless, free tropospheric advection was dominant. AOT variability in summer was best explained by the local direction and speed of advection (1-day trajectories) and was dominated by the effectiveness of cleansing processes. During the ASTAR 2007 campaign, the aerosols near Hornsund displayed low AOT values ranging from 0.06 to 0.09, which is lower than the mean AOT(500) for spring seasons from 2005 to 2007 (0.110±0.007; mean ± standard deviation of mean). 9 April 2007 with AOT(500)=0.147 was exceptional. The back-trajectories belonged to clusters with low and average cluster mean AOT. Apart from the maximum AOT of 9 April 2007, the observed AOT values were close to or lower than the means for the clusters to which they belonged.
Quantitative interactions between the A‐type K+ current and inositol trisphosphate receptors regulate intraneuronal Ca2+ waves and synaptic plasticity

• Active calcium signal propagation occurs when an initial calcium trigger elicits calcium release through endoplasmic reticulum (ER) receptors. A high concentration of the calcium trigger in thin‐calibre dendrites would suppress release of calcium through hippocampal inositol trisphosphate receptors (InsP3Rs). • Could the high‐density expression of A‐type K+ channels in thin‐calibre dendrites be a mechanism for inhibiting this suppression, thereby restoring the utility of the ER as a substrate for active calcium propagation? • Quantitative analyses involving experimentally constrained models reveal a bell‐shaped dependence of calcium released through InsP3Rs on the A‐type K+ channel density, during the propagation of a calcium wave. • A‐type K+ channels regulated the relative contribution of ER calcium to the induction of synaptic plasticity in the presence of model metabotropic glutamate receptors. • These results identify a novel form of interaction between active dendrites and the ER membrane and suggest that A‐type K+ channels are ideally placed for inhibiting the suppression of InsP3Rs in thin‐calibre dendrites.
ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION AS A RISK FACTOR FOR INCIDENT HEART FAILURE: THE ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK IN COMMUNITIES (ARIC) STUDY

Heart failure causes significant morbidity and mortality. Distinguishing risk factors for incident heart failure can help identify at-risk individuals. Orthostatic hypotension may be a risk factor for incident heart failure; however, this association has not been fully explored, especially in nonwhite populations. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study included 12,363 adults free of prevalent heart failure with baseline orthostatic measurements. Orthostatic hypotension was defined as a decrease of systolic blood pressure ≥20 mm Hg or diastolic blood pressure ≥10 mm Hg with position change from supine to standing. Incident heart failure was identified from hospitalization or death certificate disease codes. Over 17.5 years of follow up, orthostatic hypotension was associated with incident heart failure with multivariable adjustment (hazard ratio 1.54, 95% CI 1.30-1.82). This association was similar across race and gender groups. A stronger association was identified in younger individuals ≤55 years old (hazard ratio 1.90, 95% CI 1.41-2.55) than in older individuals >55 years old (hazard ratio 1.37, 95% CI 1.12-1.69, interaction p=0.034). The association between orthostatic hypotension and incident heart failure persisted with exclusion of those with diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, and those on anti-hypertensives, psychiatric or Parkinson’s medications. However, exclusion of those with hypertension somewhat attenuated the association (hazard ratio 1.34, 95% CI 1.00-1.80). Address for correspondence: Christine DeLong Jones, MD UNC Preventive Medicine Residency Program 121B MacNider Building CB# 7240 Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7240 Phone: 919-843-8267 Fax: 919-843-1201 cdjones@unch.unc. edu. Disclosures Conflicts of Interest: Christine DeLong Jones (none), Laura Loehr (none), Nora Franceschini (none), Wayne Rosamond (none), Patricia Chang (none), Eyal Shahar (none), David Couper (none), Kathy Rose (none), This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. NIH Public Access Author Manuscript Hypertension. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2013 May 01. Published in final edited form as: Hypertension. 2012 May ; 59(5): 913–918. doi:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.111. 188151. N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript N IH PA Athor M anscript We identified orthostatic hypotension as a predictor of incident heart failure among middle-aged individuals, particularly those 45-55 years of age. This association may be partially mediated through hypertension. Orthostatic measures may enhance risk stratification for future heart failure development.
Relapses from acute malnutrition and related factors in a community-based management programme in Burkina Faso.

Community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) is effective in treating acute malnutrition. However, post-discharge follow-up often lacks. We aimed at assessing the relapse rate and the associated factors in a CMAM programme in Burkina Faso. Discharged children from the community nutrition centre were requested to return at least every 3 months for follow-up. The data of recovered children (weight-for-height z-score ≥-2) who were discharged between July 2010 and June 2011 were collected in 45 villages, randomly selected out of 210 in January 2012. Sociodemographic data, economic variables, information on household food availability and the child's food consumption in the last 24 h were collected from the parents. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression was used to identify the factors associated to relapse. Of the 637 children, 14 (2.2%) died and 218 (34.2%) were lost to follow-up. The relapse rate [95% confidence interval] among the children who returned for follow-up was 15.4 [11.8-19.0] per 100 children-years. The associated factors to relapses in multivariate Cox regression model were mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) at discharge below 125 mm, no oil/fat consumption during the last 24 h and incomplete vaccination. To limit relapses, CMAM programmes should avoid premature discharge before a MUAC of at least 125 mm. Nutrition education should emphasize fat/oil as inexpensive energy source for children. Promoting immunization is essential to promote child growth. Periodic monitoring of discharged children should be organized to detect earlier those who are at risk of relapse. The relapse rate should be a CMAM effectiveness indicator.
Binding of nonspecific cross-reacting antigen, a granulocyte membrane glycoprotein, to Escherichia coli expressing type 1 fimbriae

Nonspecific cross-reacting antigen (NCA) is a well-characterized membrane glycoprotein on granulocytes, macrophages, and lung epithelium. Structural studies at the protein and genomic levels have revealed that NCA is a member of the immunoglobulin supergene family, and hybridization studies showed that the transcript level of NCA is induced by treatment with gamma interferon. These studies, as well as the expression of NCA on granulocytes, suggest a role for NCA in immune response. For a first step in studying this possible role, we have examined the binding of two glycoforms of NCA designated NCA-50 (Mr, 50,000) and TEX-75 (Mr, 75,000). Here we report the results from binding assays which demonstrate carbohydrate-mediated binding of Escherichia coli expressing type 1 fimbriae and of isolated type 1 fimbriae to NCA-50. TEX-75 did not bind to the purified fimbriae but bound slightly to the bacterial strain. Inhibition studies showed that the binding to NCA-50 involved interaction of mannose moieties on NCA-50 and lectins on the fimbriae. The binding of NCA-50 to bacterial fimbriae was confirmed by electron microscopy studies, using immunolabeling techniques. In addition, we show that the surface expression of NCA-50 (and presumably of other NCA species) on isolated polymorphonuclear leukocytes is increased following activation with the bacterial peptide formylmethionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine, consistent with a role for NCA in immune response.