Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceived Stigma and Health-Related Quality of Life in the Working Uninsured: Does Thwarted Belongingness Play a Role?

The extent to which individuals perceive stigma from others and internalize stigmatizing beliefs is increasingly recognized as a contributor to psychological and physical distress. Individuals in poverty may feel increasingly stigmatized as a result of financial hardship; however, little research has examined the linkage of financial stigma to health outcomes, nor the potential underlying explanatory mechanisms of such an association. According to self-determination theory, loss of social capital, which often occurs when a person is stigmatized, may deleteriously affect health outcomes, yet this premise has not been tested. We assessed the incremental impact of sociodemographic characteristics, and experienced and internalized financial stigma, on health-related quality of life (HRQL), as well as the mediating effect of belongingness, in a sample of 100 working, uninsured primary care patients. Results confirmed that experienced and internalized perceived stigma contributed additional variance, over the effects of sociodemographic factors, to poor HRQL, and belongingness was a significant mediator. Financial stigma may increase isolation, reducing opportunities for meaningful social connections, thereby deleteriously impacting mental and physical health outcomes. Therapeutically addressing stigma, and bolstering social connectedness, may improve HRQL in the underserved and impoverished.
Massive Supergravity and Deconstruction

We present a simple superfield Lagrangian for massive supergravity. It comprises the minimal supergravity Lagrangian with interactions as well as mass terms for the metric superfield and the chiral compensator. This is the natural generalization of the Fierz-Pauli Lagrangian for massive gravity which comprises mass terms for the metric and its trace. We show that the on-shell bosonic and fermionic fields are degenerate and have the appropriate spins: 2, 3/2, 3/2 and 1. We then study this interacting Lagrangian using goldstone superfields. We find that a chiral multiplet of goldstones gets a kinetic term through mixing, just as the scalar goldstone does in the non-supersymmetric case. This produces Planck scale (Mpl) interactions with matter and all the discontinuities and unitarity bounds associated with massive gravity. In particular, the scale of strong coupling is (Mpl m^4)^1/5, where m is the multiplet's mass. Next, we consider applications of massive supergravity to deconstruction. We estimate various quantum effects which generate non-local operators in theory space. As an example, we show that the single massive supergravity multiplet in a 2-site model can serve the function of an extra dimension in anomaly mediation.
Anterior Insula Integrates Information about Salience into Perceptual Decisions about Pain

The decision as to whether a sensation is perceived as painful does not only depend on sensory input but also on the significance of the stimulus. Here, we show that the degree to which an impending stimulus is interpreted as threatening biases perceptual decisions about pain and that this bias toward pain manifests before stimulus encounter. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging we investigated the neural mechanisms underlying the influence of an experimental manipulation of threat on the perception of laser stimuli as painful. In a near-threshold pain detection paradigm, physically identical stimuli were applied under the participants' assumption that the stimulation is entirely safe (low threat) or potentially harmful (high threat). As hypothesized, significantly more stimuli were rated as painful in the high threat condition. This context-dependent classification of a stimulus as painful was predicted by the prestimulus signal level in the anterior insula, suggesting that this structure integrates information about the significance of a stimulus into the decision about pain. The anticipation of pain increased the prestimulus functional connectivity between the anterior insula and the midcingulate cortex (MCC), a region that was significantly more active during stimulation the more a participant was biased to rate the stimulation as painful under high threat. These findings provide evidence that the anterior insula and MCC as a “salience network” integrate information about the significance of an impending stimulation into perceptual decision-making in the context of pain.
Estimating the causes of 4 million neonatal deaths in the year 2000.

BACKGROUND Information on cause-of-death is lacking for 98% of the world's 4 million neonatal deaths that occur in countries with inadequate vital registration (VR). Our aim was to estimate, by country for the year 2000, the distribution of neonatal deaths across programme-relevant causes including: asphyxia, preterm birth, congenital abnormalities, sepsis/pneumonia, neonatal tetanus, diarrhoea, and 'other'. METHODS Two sources of neonatal cause-of-death data were examined: VR datasets for countries with high coverage (>90%), and published and unpublished studies identified through systematic searches. Multinomial regression was used to model the distribution of neonatal deaths. A VR-based model was used to estimate the distribution of causes of death for 37 low-mortality countries without national data. A study-based model was applied to obtain estimates for 111 high-mortality countries. Uncertainty estimates were derived using the jackknife approach. RESULTS Data from 44 countries with VR (96 797 neonatal deaths) and from 56 studies (29 countries, 13 685 neonatal deaths) met inclusion criteria. The distribution of reported causes of death varied substantially between countries and across studies. Based on 193 countries, the major causes of neonatal death globally were estimated to be infections (sepsis/pneumonia, tetanus, and diarrhoea, 35%), preterm birth (28%), and asphyxia (23%). Regional variation is important. Substantial uncertainty surrounds these estimates. CONCLUSIONS This exercise highlights the lack of reliable cause-of-death data in the settings in which most neonatal deaths occur. Complex statistical models are not a panacea. Representative data with comparable case definitions and consistent hierarchical cause-of-death attribution are required.
A trombosis story and PRES

Trombosis is seen in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia during or after L-asparaginase treatment. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a complex syndrome characterized with sudden hypertension, headache, nausea, vomiting, alteration in the state of consciousness, vision defect and seizures. The cases related to this syndrome have been reportedly seen after eclampsia, organ transplantation, immunsuppressive treatments, autoimmune diseases and chemotherapy. Vasogenic edema occuring in the brain parencyhma constitues the basic pathophysiology. We present a case who developed seizures during treatment for B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia and diagnosed as posterior reversible encephalopathy.
Loss of Hope and Suicide Risk in Hungarian College Students

We examined hope and family support as predictors of suicide risk (viz., anxious symptoms, depressive symptoms, and suicide ideation) in a sample of 502 Hungarian college students. Results of hierarchical regression analyses indicated that the inclusion of family support provided further incremental validity in predicting all three indices of suicide risk beyond the variance accounted for by hope. Consistent with the notion that family support might moderate the beneficial effects of hope on suicide risk, evidence for a significant Hope × Family Support interaction effect in predicting all three indices of suicide risk was found. Additionally, a significant interaction effect in predicting suicide ideation remained, even after controlling for psychological symptoms. Beyond the role of hope in predicting suicide risk in Hungarian college students, the present findings show how family support both additively and interactively represents a positive psychological resource that should be considered in understanding suicide risk among students.
The (surprising?) nonchalance of migration control agents

ABSTRACT This paper sheds light onto the processes of controlling irregular migration in Germany, based on ethnographic fieldwork with immigration officials, police forces, home office bureaucrats and non-state actors. Several studies have examined the policies and tools of migration control available to state officials and contracted third parties and generally found a trend towards greater restrictiveness and securitisation with regard to irregular migration. However, relatively few analyse their actual implementation. This paper seeks to fill this gap, and to act as slight corrective by highlighting the relatively limited nature by which migration control was exercised. In fact, the practice of detecting, identifying, detaining and deporting irregular immigrants was far removed from the politicised discourse that surrounds it in the public sphere and academia, and instead influenced by pragmatism and nonchalance. However, in contrast to explanations that see lenience towards irregular migrants as motivated by economic factors, here the limits of migration control were directly related to officials’ sense of duty, as well as working conditions and a lack of institutional oversight. In this sense, the enhanced possibilities of control through new means of surveillance and data collection are in fact restricted because officials might just not be bothered to use them.
Composite Polytrope Models of Molecular Clouds. I. Theory

We construct spherical, hydrostatic models of dense molecular cores and Bok globules consisting of two distinct, spatially separate gas components: a central, isothermal region surrounded by a negative-index, polytropic envelope. The clouds are supported against their own self-gravity by a combination of thermal, mean magnetic, and turbulent wave pressure. The latter two are included by allowing for locally adiabatic, nonisentropic pressure components. Such models are meant to represent, in a schematic manner, the velocity and density structure of cores and globules, as inferred from molecular line and dust continuum observations. In addition, our picture reflects the theoretical expectation that MHD wave motions, which are important at scales ≳0.1 pc in typical low-mass star-forming regions, are damped at smaller scales, giving rise to a finite-sized, thermally dominated core region. We show that if the pressure components are isentropic, then the pressure drop from the center to the edge of the composite polytropes we consider is limited to 197, the square of the value for the Bonnor-Ebert sphere. If the pressure components are nonisentropic, it is possible to have arbitrarily large pressure drops, in agreement with the recent work of McKee & Holliman. However, we find that even for nonisentropic pressure components, the ratio of the mean to surface pressure in the composite polytropes we consider is less than 4. We show by explicit construction that it is possible to have dense cores comparable to the Jeans mass embedded in stable clouds of much larger mass. In a subsequent paper, we show that composite polytropes on the verge of gravitational instability can reproduce the observed velocity and density structure of cores and globules under a variety of physical conditions.
Identify factors that effecting on wood and papers student’s entrepreneurial spirit (case study: college of agricultural and natural resources of Tehran university)

The purpose of this study was to identify factors that effecting on wood and papers student’s entrepreneurial spirit. Statistical population of this research consisted of whole wood and paper students in college of agricultural and natural of Tehran University (N= 263). A stratified random sampling method was used to select 100 students applying Morgan’s table. The main tool to collect data was a researcher made questionnaire that Content validity of the questionnaire was approved, by a panel of experts and Exploratory factor analysis and its reliability, was confirmed by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient (α= 0.71- 0.79). Data was analyzed by SPSSWin20 software. Results of factor analysis showed that four factors: curriculum content, psychological, teaching method and management explained 60.87 percent of the variance of students’ entrepreneurial spirit.
Speaking the Same Language? Gender-Based Teacher Performance in the EFL Class~!2009-12-01~!2010-04-09~!2010-05-25~!

The concept of the modern-day teacher and the development of ideas such as 'teacher professionalism' have historically been gendered, often reflecting male paradigms and political theories. At the same time, there is a large body of research which shows that gender is a relevant variable which must be taken into account when explaining the function- ing of classes and teacher-student interaction. This study aims to investigate the influence of teacher gender on students of English as a foreign language (EFL) in southern Spain and provides qualitative and quantitative evidence collected from students (n=459) and teachers (n=35) from primary school through to university levels which challenges some of these gendered paradigms and provides contrasts with previous studies on preferences of teacher gender. Our contextualised in- vestigation provides evidence to suggest that the construction of more supportive and democratic learning environments are more frequently observed in our specific context among female teachers, while more prescriptive environments tradi- tionally associated with masculinized forms of teaching are perceived as being less helpful in obtaining successful learner outcomes.
Compactness Theorems for Geometric Packings

Moser asked whether the collection of rectangles of dimensions 1×12, 12×13, 13×14, ? , whose total area equals 1, can be packed into the unit square without overlap, and whether the collection of squares of side lengths 12, 13, 14, ? can be packed without overlap into a rectangle of area ? 2/6? 1. Computational investigations have been made into packing these collections into squares of side length 1+? and rectangles of area ? 2/6? 1+? , respectively, and one can consider the apparently weaker question of whether such packings are possible for every positive number ? In this paper we establish a general theorem on sequences of geometrical packings that implies, in particular, that the “for every ? ” versions of these two problems are actually equivalent to the original tiling problems.
WHO’S IN YOUR CLASSROOM? A NARRATIVE INQUIRY OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ EXPERIENCES WITH CARING INSTRUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL STRUGGLES

The purpose of this study is to better understand high school students’ perceptions of caring instruction and mathematical struggles through a narrative inquiry. Lakewood High School (pseudonym) – a large, socioeconomically and racially diverse school in the southeastern United States – was chosen conveniently yet purposefully as the site of study. The participants were three 11 grade students who have experiences with both caring instruction and mathematical struggles. Data collection included intense and highly relational co-creation of stories by the researcher and participants through conversational interviews, researcher memory recreations, artifact analysis, and other writings introduced throughout the conversations. This narrative inquiry allows for an alignment between the ethic of care (Noddings, 1984) and Deweyan experience (1938) that manifests itself through the lived experiences of the researcher and the participants. This narrative inquiry will begin to fill the gap that exists between student and teacher perceptions of caring mathematics instruction. INDEX WORDS: Caring instruction, Mathematical struggles, Narrative inquiry WHO’S IN YOUR CLASSROOM? A NARRATIVE INQUIRY OF HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS’ EXPERIENCES WITH CARING INSTRUCTION AND MATHEMATICAL STRUGGLES by ANDREW SPIRES
A ug 2 00 7 Load fluctuations drive actin network growth

The growth of actin filament networks is a fundamental biolog ical process that drives a variety of cellular and intracellular motions. During motility, eukaryotic cells and intracellular patho gens are propelled by actin networks organized by nucleation-promo ting factors, which trigger the formation of nascent filaments of f the side of existing filaments in the network. A Brownian ratchet (BR) mechanism has been proposed to couple actin polymeriza tion to cellular movements, whereby thermal motions are rec tified by the addition of actin monomers at the end of growing filaments. Here, by following actin–propelled microspheres us ing three–dimensional laser tracking, we find that beads adhere d to the growing network move via an object–fluctuating BR. Veloc ity varies with the amplitude of thermal fluctuation and inverse ly with viscosity as predicted for a BR. In addition, motion is salta tory with a broad distribution of step sizes that is correlated in time. These data point to a model in which thermal fluctuations of th e microsphere or entire actin network, and not individual fila ments, govern motility. This conclusion is supported by Monte Carl o simulations of an adhesion–based BR and suggests an importa nt role for membrane tension in the control of actin–based cell ular protrusions.
Neprilysin Regulates Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cell Phenotype Through a Platelet-Derived Growth Factor Receptor–Dependent Mechanism

Reduced neprilysin (NEP), a cell surface metallopeptidase, which cleaves and inactivates proinflammatory and vasoactive peptides, predisposes the lung vasculature to exaggerated remodeling in response to hypoxia. We hypothesize that loss of NEP in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells results in increased migration and proliferation. Pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells isolated from NEP−/− mice exhibited enhanced migration and proliferation in response to serum and platelet-derived growth factor, which was attenuated by NEP replacement. Inhibition of NEP by overexpression of a peptidase dead mutant or knockdown by small interfering RNA in NEP+/+ cells increased migration and proliferation. Loss of NEP led to an increase in Src kinase activity and phosphorylation of PTEN, resulting in activation of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR). Knockdown of Src kinase with small interfering RNA or inhibition with PP2, a src kinase inhibitor, decreased PDGFRY751 phosphorylation and attenuated migration and proliferation in NEP−/− smooth muscle cells. NEP substrates, endothelin 1 or fibroblast growth factor 2, increased activation of Src and PDGFR in NEP+/+ cells, which was decreased by an endothelin A receptor antagonist, neutralizing antibody to fibroblast growth factor 2 and Src inhibitor. Similar to the observations in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells, levels of phosphorylated PDGFR, Src, and PTEN were elevated in NEP−/− lungs. Endothelin A receptor antagonist also attenuated the enhanced responses in NEP−/− pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells and lungs. Taken together our results suggest a novel mechanism for the regulation of PDGFR signaling by NEP substrates involving Src and PTEN. Strategies that increase lung NEP activity/expression or target key downstream effectors, like Src, PTEN, or PDGFR, may be of therapeutic benefit in pulmonary vascular disease.
Effect of Tillage Practices on Soil Properties and Crop Productivity in Wheat-Mungbean-Rice Cropping System under Subtropical Climatic Conditions

This study was conducted to know cropping cycles required to improve OM status in soil and to investigate the effects of medium-term tillage practices on soil properties and crop yields in Grey Terrace soil of Bangladesh under wheat-mungbean-T. aman cropping system. Four different tillage practices, namely, zero tillage (ZT), minimum tillage (MT), conventional tillage (CT), and deep tillage (DT), were studied in a randomized complete block (RCB) design with four replications. Tillage practices showed positive effects on soil properties and crop yields. After four cropping cycles, the highest OM accumulation, the maximum root mass density (0–15 cm soil depth), and the improved physical and chemical properties were recorded in the conservational tillage practices. Bulk and particle densities were decreased due to tillage practices, having the highest reduction of these properties and the highest increase of porosity and field capacity in zero tillage. The highest total N, P, K, and S in their available forms were recorded in zero tillage. All tillage practices showed similar yield after four years of cropping cycles. Therefore, we conclude that zero tillage with 20% residue retention was found to be suitable for soil health and achieving optimum yield under the cropping system in Grey Terrace soil (Aeric Albaquept).
The Effect of Using Team Learning in an Evidence-Based Medicine Course for Medical Students

Background: We implemented team learning, an instructional method that fosters small-group learning, in an evidence-based medicine (EBM) course. Our goal was to align instructional methods with EBM practices. Description: Team learning provides an alternative to lectures in large-group settings. It involves out-of-class preparation followed by in-class readiness assurance tests and group application activities. We used the method to teach a 7-week course in EBM for 2nd-year students. We evaluated the course using student performance, external observation, and student focus groups. Evaluation: Students performed well on all written assignments, indicating attainment of learning objectives. Observation data revealed a high level of student engagement in the classroom. Focus group data indicated that desired learning behaviors tended to occur but that many students devalued the method. Conclusion: Team learning served as a useful framework, enabling a large enrollment course to have small-group experiences without large numbers of faculty. The method fostered individual accountability and promoted teamwork-behaviors consistent with effective EBM practice. Students' lack of enthusiasm for the method may stem from their comfort with didactic lectures.