Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN THINKING STYLES AND OVERCONFIDENCE by CRISTINA

Overconfidence is a pervasive reasoning bias and refers to unwarranted confidence in one’s knowledge or judgment. Most reasoning theories acknowledge that people reason both analytically and intuitively. Past research has revealed that intuitivelyoriented individuals commit more reasoning biases. The hypothesis of this study was that heuristic processing contributes to the overconfidence bias. Two hundred seventeen participants completed a general-knowledge calibration task assessing overconfidence and Epstein’s Rational Experiential Inventory (REI) measuring analytic and intuitive thinking styles. Results supported the hypothesis that intuitive thinking style is a significant predictor of overconfidence.
A 19S proteasomal subunit cooperates with an ERK MAPK-regulated degron to regulate accumulation of Fra-1 in tumour cells

SUMMARY The timely synthesis and degradation of short-lived transcriptional regulators is required to orchestrate gene expression responses to extracellular signals. Aberrant turnover of the Fra-1 component of AP-1 transcription factor complexes can result in its overexpression in cancers, which is linked to increased proliferation, migration and invasion. A major unresolved issue is how Fra-1 undergoes proteasomal degradation without requiring prior ubiquitylation. We found that this process involves association of Fra-1 with TBP-1, a subunit of the 19S proteasome. TBP-1 does not bind to, but cooperates with a previously described ERK-regulated degron to regulate Fra-1 degradation. These findings provide a molecular insight into control of Fra-1 turnover and highlight a role for the 19S proteasome in regulating AP-1-dependent gene expression.
On Usage Of EEG Brain Control For Rehabilitation Of Stroke Patients

This paper demonstrates rapid prototyping of a stroke rehabilitation system consisting of an interactive 3D virtual reality computer game environment interfaced with an EEG headset for control and interaction using brain waves. The system is intended for training and rehabilitation of partially monoplegic stroke patients and uses lowcost commercial-off-the-shelf products like the Emotiv EPOC EEG headset and the Unity 3D game engine. A number of rehabilitation methods exist that can improve motor control and function of the paretic upper limb in stroke survivors. Unfortunately, most of these methods are commonly characterised by a number of drawbacks that can limit intensive treatment, including being repetitive, uninspiring, and labour intensive; requiring one-on-one manual interaction and assistance from a therapist, often for several weeks; and involve equipment and systems that are complex and expensive and cannot be used at home but only in hospitals and institutions by trained personnel. Inspired by the principles of mirror therapy and game-stimulated rehabilitation, we have developed a first prototype of a game-like computer application that tries to avoid these drawbacks. For rehabilitation purposes, we deprive the patient of the view of the paretic hand Corresponding author: Robin T. Bye. while being challenged with controlling a virtual hand in a simulated 3D game environment only by means of EEG brain waves interfaced with the computer. Whilst our system is only a first prototype, we hypothesise that by iteratively improving its design through refinements and tuning based on input from domain experts and testing on real patients, the system can be tailored for being used together with a conventional rehabilitation programme to improve patients’ ability to move the paretic limb much in the same vain as mirror therapy. Our proposed system has several advantages, including being game-based, customisable, adaptive, and extendable. In addition, when compared with conventional rehabilitation methods, our system is extremely low-cost and flexible, in particular because patients can use it in the comfort of their homes, with little or no need for professional human assistance. Preliminary tests are carried out to highlight the potential of the proposed rehabilitation system, however, in order to measure its efficiency in rehabilitation, the system must first be improved and then run through an extensive field test with a sufficiently large group of patients and compared with a control group.
Fabric Hand: Tactile Sensory Assessment

The assessment of fabric hand involves two major classes of variables: fabrics as stimuli with certain physical properties, and people as judges with certain traits. This research investigated the tactile sensory assessment of selected fabrics that varied in specified physical dimensions—namely : stiffness, roughness, and thickness—replicated in two fiber contents: cotton and polyester. In the analysis- of-variance design, physical dimensions of fabrics were taken as fixed, rather than random, variables, and judges as blocks. The subjective-hand properties were measured by polar adjectives using a 99-point certainty scale, transformed to normal deviates. Sensory responses of judges to the nine pairs of polar adjectives differed significantly with respect to all four main effects: fiber content, stiffness, roughness, and thickness. The sensitivity of the 99-point certainty scale resulted in a wide range of F values; various interactions were clarified by graphic analysis. Editing of data for suspected errors in responses caused few changes in the ANOVA results.
Effects Of A Post-Weaning Cafeteria Diet In Young Rats: Metabolic Syndrome, Reduced Activity And Low Anxiety-Like Behaviour

Among adolescents, overweight, obesity and metabolic syndrome are rapidly increasing in recent years as a consequence of unhealthy palatable diets. Animal models of diet-induced obesity have been developed, but little is known about the behavioural patterns produced by the consumption of such diets. The aim of the present study was to determine the behavioural and biochemical effects of a cafeteria diet fed to juvenile male and female rats, as well as to evaluate the possible recovery from these effects by administering standard feeding during the last week of the study. Two groups of male and female rats were fed with either a standard chow diet (ST) or a cafeteria (CAF) diet from weaning and for 8 weeks. A third group of males (CAF withdrawal) was fed with the CAF diet for 7 weeks and the ST in the 8th week. Both males and females developed metabolic syndrome as a consequence of the CAF feeding, showing overweight, higher adiposity and liver weight, increased plasma levels of glucose, insulin and triglycerides, as well as insulin resistance, in comparison with their respective controls. The CAF diet reduced motor activity in all behavioural tests, enhanced exploration, reduced anxiety-like behaviour and increased social interaction; this last effect was more pronounced in females than in males. When compared to animals only fed with a CAF diet, CAF withdrawal increased anxiety in the open field, slightly decreased body weight, and completely recovered the liver weight, insulin sensitivity and the standard levels of glucose, insulin and triglycerides in plasma. In conclusion, a CAF diet fed to young animals for 8 weeks induced obesity and metabolic syndrome, and produced robust behavioural changes in young adult rats, whereas CAF withdrawal in the last week modestly increased anxiety, reversed the metabolic alterations and partially reduced overweight.
Baicalin positively regulates osteoclast function by activating MAPK/Mitf signalling

Activation of osteoblasts in bone formation and osteoclasts in bone resorption is important during the bone fracture healing process. There has been a long interest in identifying and developing a natural therapy for bone fracture healing. In this study, we investigated the regulation of osteoclast differentiation by baicalin, which is a natural molecule extracted from Eucommiaulmoides (small tree native to China). It was determined that baicalin enhanced osteoclast maturation and bone resorption activity in a dose‐dependent manner. Moreover, this involves the activation of MAPK, increased Mitf nuclear translocation and up‐regulation of downstream osteoclast‐related target genes expression. The baicalin‐induced effect on osteoclast differentiation can be mimicked by specific inhibitors of p‐ERK (U0126) and the Mitf‐specific siRNA, respectively. Protein–ligand docking prediction identified that baicalin might bind to RANK, which is the upstream receptor of p‐ERK/Mitf signalling in osteoclasts. This indicated that RANK might be the binding target of baicalin. In sum, our findings revealed baicalin increased osteoclast maturation and function via p‐ERK/Mitf signalling. In addition, the results suggest that baicalin can potentially be used as a natural product for the treatment of bone fracture.
Boundary value problems for Dirac-type equations

Abstract We prove regularity for a class of boundary value problems for first order elliptic systems, with boundary conditions determined by spectral decompositions, under coefficient differentiability conditions weaker than previously known. We establish Fredholm properties for Dirac-type equations with these boundary conditions. Our results include sharp solvability criteria, over both compact and non-compact manifolds; weighted Poincaré and Schrödinger-Lichnerowicz inequalities provide asymptotic control in the noncompact case.
A controlled trial of rasagiline in early Parkinson disease: the TEMPO Study.

CONTEXT Monotherapy with rasagiline mesylate may be useful in early Parkinson disease (PD). OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of the selective monoamine oxidase type B inhibitor rasagiline. DESIGN Multicenter, 26-week, parallel-group, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. SETTING Academically based movement disorders clinics. PATIENTS Patients with early PD not requiring dopaminergic therapy (n = 404). INTERVENTION Research participants were randomized to rasagiline mesylate at dosages of 1 mg or 2 mg per day or matching placebo. A 1-week escalation period was followed by a 25-week maintenance period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE The primary prespecified measure of efficacy was the change in the total Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scal score between baseline and 26 weeks of treatment, comparing each active treatment group with the placebo group. RESULTS Monotherapy with rasagiline was effective in this 26-week study. The adjusted effect size for the total Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale was -4.20 units comparing 1 mg of rasagiline and placebo (95% confidence interval, -5.66 to -2.73 units; P<.001) and -3.56 units comparing a 2-mg dosage and placebo (95% confidence interval, -5.04 to -2.08 units; P<.001). There were no meaningful differences in the frequency of adverse events or premature withdrawals among the treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS Rasagiline is effective as monotherapy for patients with early PD. The 2 dosages in this trial were both effective relative to placebo. Further study is warranted to evaluate the longer-term effects of rasagiline in PD.
Lysine acetylome profiling uncovers novel histone deacetylase substrate proteins in Arabidopsis

Histone deacetylases have central functions in regulating stress defenses and development in plants. However, the knowledge about the deacetylase functions is largely limited to histones, although these enzymes were found in diverse subcellular compartments. In this study, we determined the proteome‐wide signatures of the RPD3/HDA1 class of histone deacetylases in Arabidopsis. Relative quantification of the changes in the lysine acetylation levels was determined on a proteome‐wide scale after treatment of Arabidopsis leaves with deacetylase inhibitors apicidin and trichostatin A. We identified 91 new acetylated candidate proteins other than histones, which are potential substrates of the RPD3/HDA1‐like histone deacetylases in Arabidopsis, of which at least 30 of these proteins function in nucleic acid binding. Furthermore, our analysis revealed that histone deacetylase 14 (HDA14) is the first organellar‐localized RPD3/HDA1 class protein found to reside in the chloroplasts and that the majority of its protein targets have functions in photosynthesis. Finally, the analysis of HDA14 loss‐of‐function mutants revealed that the activation state of RuBisCO is controlled by lysine acetylation of RuBisCO activase under low‐light conditions.
MORPHOLOGY DEVELOPMENT DURING THE INITIAL STAGES OF POLYMER-POLYMER BLENDING

The morphology of polymer blend is directly connected with its mechanical properites. In this paper, the initial mechanism of morphology development during the polymer blending process was introduced. During the initial stages of blending, the dispersed phase forms sheets at first, then breaks into submicron particles. The paritcle size changes less after the polymers are completely melted. Both non reactive and reactive polymer blends follow the mechanism. For systems such as dispersion of rubbers in thermoplastic matrices, the rubber phase softens first and initially becomes the continuous phase. The dispersion during compounding under mix melting conditions follows a four step inversion mechanism. The mechanism is also suitable for reactive polymer blends, but the phase inversion is delayed and intensifed.
Fully Recessed Schottky Barrier Diodes with a Digital Etching on AlGaN/GaN Heterostructures

Abstract An effective digital etching technique and its application on fully recessed Schottky barrier diode (SBD) are described in this paper. Etch rate and roughness of the digitally etched Al0.25GaN surface were 0.6 nm/cycle and 0.58-nm which is almost identical with a non-recessed surface. Hall-effect measurement revealed a negligible damage on GaN surface was generated after digital etching. Fabricated SBD with a digital etching showed an improved Schottky contact which has ideality factor of 1.19 and Schottky barrier height of 0.73 eV, respectively. The on-resistance and reverse breakdown voltage were 1.13 mΩ-cm and 566 V, respectively.
Antifungal Chemical Compounds Identified Using a C. elegans Pathogenicity Assay

There is an urgent need for the development of new antifungal agents. A facile in vivo model that evaluates libraries of chemical compounds could solve some of the main obstacles in current antifungal discovery. We show that Candida albicans, as well as other Candida species, are ingested by Caenorhabditis elegans and establish a persistent lethal infection in the C. elegans intestinal track. Importantly, key components of Candida pathogenesis in mammals, such as filament formation, are also involved in nematode killing. We devised a Candida-mediated C. elegans assay that allows high-throughput in vivo screening of chemical libraries for antifungal activities, while synchronously screening against toxic compounds. The assay is performed in liquid media using standard 96-well plate technology and allows the study of C. albicans in non-planktonic form. A screen of 1,266 compounds with known pharmaceutical activities identified 15 (∼1.2%) that prolonged survival of C. albicans-infected nematodes and inhibited in vivo filamentation of C. albicans. Two compounds identified in the screen, caffeic acid phenethyl ester, a major active component of honeybee propolis, and the fluoroquinolone agent enoxacin exhibited antifungal activity in a murine model of candidiasis. The whole-animal C. elegans assay may help to study the molecular basis of C. albicans pathogenesis and identify antifungal compounds that most likely would not be identified by in vitro screens that target fungal growth. Compounds identified in the screen that affect the virulence of Candida in vivo can potentially be used as “probe compounds” and may have antifungal activity against other fungi.
ePrescribing: Reducing Costs through In-Class Therapeutic Interchange

Summary Introduction Spending on pharmaceuticals in the US reached $373.9 billion in 2014. Therapeutic interchange offers potential medication cost savings by replacing a prescribed drug for an equally efficacious therapeutic alternative. Methods Hard-stop therapeutic interchange recommendation alerts were developed for four medication classes (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, serotonin receptor agonists, intranasal steroid sprays, and proton-pump inhibitors) in an electronic prescription-writing tool for outpatient prescriptions. Using prescription data from January 2012 to June 2015, the Compliance Ratio (CR) was calculated by dividing the number of prescriptions with recommended therapeutic interchange medications by the number of prescriptions with non-recommended medications to measure effectiveness. To explore potential cost savings, prescription data and medication costs were analyzed for the 45,000 Vanderbilt Employee Health Plan members. Results for all medication classes, significant improvements were demonstrated – the CR improved (proton-pump inhibitors 2.8 to 5.32, nasal steroids 2.44 to 8.16, statins 2.06 to 5.51, and serotonin receptor agonists 0.8 to 1.52). Quarterly savings through the four therapeutic interchange interventions combined exceeded $200,000 with an estimated annual savings for the health plan of $800,000, or more than $17 per member. Conclusion A therapeutic interchange clinical decision support tool at the point of prescribing resulted in increased compliance with recommendations for outpatient prescriptions while producing substantial cost savings to the Vanderbilt Employee Health Plan – $17.77 per member per year. Therapeutic interchange rules require rational targeting, appropriate governance, and vigilant content updates. Citation: Stenner SP, Chakravarthy R, Johnson KB, Miller WL, Olson J, Wickizer M, Johnson NN, Ohmer R, Uskavitch DR, Bernard GR, Neal EB, Lehmann CU. eprescribing: reducing costs through in-class therapeutic interchange.
Theoretical Analysis on Strain Transfer Error of FBG Sensors Attached on Steel Structures Subjected to Fatigue Load

Fibre Bragg grating (FBG) sensors have been increasingly adopted to detect the dynamic strain of structures. When the sensor is attached on the surface, adhesive material is employed to assist the installation, which leads to indirect contact of sensing fibre and the monitored structure. To correct the strain transfer error induced by the shear lag effect and improve the measurement accuracy of FBG sensors under dynamic response, strain transfer mechanism of a three‐layered testing model constituted of sensing fibre, adhesive layer and host material has been studied in this paper. Laboratory test on steel beam attached with FBG sensor under fatigue load has been projected to investigate the feasibility of the derived strain transfer formula, and numerical simulation by MATLAB has been used as a supporting tool to offer the reference dynamic strain. Based on the analysis, sensitive parameters that affect the strain transfer coefficient have been discussed to instruct the application design of FBG sensors. Results indicate that strain transfer coefficient under dynamic response is much lower than that in static state, and error modification is particularly significant; in the dynamic testing model, bonded length, shear modulus and thickness of adhesive layer are more sensitive, which should be precisely selected in practical engineering to guarantee the effective strain measurement.
Title: The Protective Role of Self-Efficacy against Workplace Incivility and Burnout in Nursing:A Time-lagged Study Running Head: Self-efficacy, incivility, and burnout

Background: Incivility has negative consequences in the workplace and remains a prevalent issue in nursing. Research has consistently linked incivility to nurse burnout and, in turn, to poor mental health and turnover intentions. To retain high quality nurses it is important to understand what factors might protect nurses from the negative effects of workplace mistreatment. Purpose: This study investigated the role of relational occupational coping self-efficacy in protecting nurses from workplace incivility and related burnout and turnover intentions. Methodology: A two-wave national sample of 596 Canadian nurses completed mail surveys both at Time 1 and one year later at Time 2. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesized model. Results: The model showed a good fit and most of the hypothesized paths were significant. Overall, the results supported the hypothesized protective effect of relational occupational coping self-efficacy against incivility and later burnout, mental health, and turnover intentions. Conclusion: Relational occupational coping self-efficacy is an important protective factor against negative work behavior. Practice Implications: Organizations should provide nurses with opportunities to build their coping strategies for managing job demands and difficult interpersonal interactions. Similarly, providing exposure to effective role models and providing meaningful verbal encouragement are other sources of efficacy information for building nurses’ relational coping self-efficacy.
Micro-structural characterisation of water-based magnetic fluid

The present paper elucidates microstructure analysis of aqueous base dilution insensitive magnetic fluid using different experimental techniques. The structure of the particle was characterised using powder X-ray diffractometer, and it shows single phase spinel structure. The particle size (diameter) and lattice parameters obtained from the analysis are 8.4 ± 0.2 nm and 0.8338 nm, respectively. Average particle diameter and polydispersity index (PDI) obtained from dynamic light scattering experiment are 17 nm and 0.34, respectively. This gives a thickness of 4.3 nm around the particle. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) image shows that particles are widely distributed with an average diameter 8.0 ± 1.3 nm. The in-field small angle neutron scattering analysis reveals a difference between the nuclear and magnetic radius of 0.7 nm, which results into a reduction of magnetisation by 40%. The observed higher value of field induced relative change in viscosity, Δη/ η0, indicates the formation of chain structure in the fluid. The maximum chain length is of five to six particles and is observed to be reversible.
Dual-Band Filtering Balanced-to-Unbalanced Impedance-Transforming Power Divider With High Frequency Ratio and Arbitrary Power Division

This paper presents a novel dual-band filtering balanced-to-unbalanced impedance-transforming out-of-phase power divider using a simple admittance inverter with an extreme high frequency ratio and arbitrary power division, which is composed of stepped-impedance transmission lines. Based on the traditional transmission-line theory and ABCD/Y matrix, the closed-formed analytical equations and complete design procedure are derived and provided for the filtering differential-mode transmission with high frequency ratio and good dual-band common-mode suppression. For demonstration, a designed prototype operating at 1 and 6.4 GHz are simulated, fabricated, and measured. The measured results agree well with the EM simulation perfectly.
Influence of Mould Temperature on the Thickness of a Skin Layer and Impact Strength in the Microcellular Injection Moulding Process

The thickness of a skin layer on the parts made by a microcellular injection moulding process may influence its properties, including impact and tensile strength, density and sound transmission. Therefore it is necessary to study the variations in skin layer thickness with processing parameters. In this paper, the influences of temperatures in the mould cavity on the skin layer's thickness are addressed. In addition, the relationship between the temperature distributions across the cavity of the mould, with impact strength on parts made using a microcellular injection moulding process, was addressed. *TSL, the temperature at which the skin layer forms, was proposed. According to previous studies, TSL is expected to be similar to the polymer melting point for semi-crystalline polymer and the glass transition temperature for amorphous materials. In addition, a method to predict variations in skin layer thickness with mould temperature is discussed.