Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modulating Social Cognition: Effectiveness of Oxytocin Application and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation

Previous studies have shown that Oxytocin (OXT) enhances social cognitive processes. It has also been demonstrated that OXT does not uniformly facilitate social cognition. The effects of OXT administration strongly depend on the exposure to stressful experiences in early life. Emotional facial recognition is crucial for social cognition. However, no study has yet examined how the effects of OXT on the ability to identify emotional faces are altered by early life stress (ELS) experience. Given the role of OXT in modulating social motivational processes, we specifically aimed to investigate its effects on the recognition of approachand avoidance-related facial emotions. In a double-blind, between-subjects, placebo-controlled design, 82 male participants performed an emotion recognition task with faces taken from the “Karolinska Directed Emotional Faces” set. We clustered the six basic emotions along the dimensions approach (happy, surprise, anger) and avoidance (fear, sadness, disgust). ELS was assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). Our results showed that OXT improved the ability to recognize avoidance-related emotional faces as compared to approach-related emotional faces. Whereas the performance for avoidance-related emotions in participants with higher ELS scores was comparable in both OXT and placebo condition, OXT enhanced emotion recognition in participants with lower ELS scores. Independent of OXT administration, we observed increased emotion recognition for avoidance-related faces in participants with high ELS scores. Our findings suggest that the investigation of OXT on social recognition requires a broad approach that takes early life stress experiences as well as motivational processes into account. 2 Oxytocin Study _____________________________________________________________________________________________________
Introduction to Radar Systems

1 An Introduction to Radar 2 The Radar Equation 3 MTI and Pulse Doppler Radar 4 Tracking Radar 5 Detection of Signals in Noise 6 Information from Radar Signals 7 Radar Clutter 8 Propogation of Radar Waves 9 The Radar Antenna 10 Radar Transmitters 11 Radar Receiver
Desmopressin orally disintegrating tablet effectively reduces nocturia: Results of a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial

The primary objective was to investigate the efficacy of desmopressin orally disintegrating tablet versus placebo in patients with nocturia. Pharmacodynamics, safety and patient‐reported quality of life (QoL) outcomes were also evaluated. One of several benefits of the new formulation is increased bioavailability. Exploring lower doses allows for a better evaluation of therapeutic effect versus tolerability.
Predicate Structures, Gesture, and Simultaneity in the Representation of Action in British Sign Language: Evidence From Deaf Children and Adults

British Sign Language (BSL) signers use a variety of structures, such as constructed action (CA), depicting constructions (DCs), or lexical verbs, to represent action and other verbal meanings. This study examines the use of these verbal predicate structures and their gestural counterparts, both separately and simultaneously, in narratives by deaf children with various levels of exposure to BSL (ages 5;1 to 7;5) and deaf adult native BSL signers. Results reveal that all groups used the same types of predicative structures, including children with minimal BSL exposure. However, adults used CA, DCs, and/or lexical signs simultaneously more frequently than children. These results suggest that simultaneous use of CA with lexical and depicting predicates is more complex than the use of these predicate structures alone and thus may take deaf children more time to master.
Trauma scores, accident deformity codes, and car restraints in children.

The importance and effectiveness of the appropriate use of automobile restraints by young children has been emphasized in several studies. Once the child has entered the emergency care system, however, restraint use may not be the best predictor of injury severity. This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship of restraint status to morbidity and mortality in children examined in a hospital emergency facility following involvement in a motor vehicle crash (MVC). The emergency room charts of 101 children under 18 years of age, who were victims of MVCs, were reviewed and the following trauma scores were calculated: Glascow Coma Scale, Pediatric Trauma Score, Revised Trauma Score, Injury Severity Score, and Maximum Abbreviated Injury Score. In addition, the Traffic Accident Damage (TAD) score, an estimate of crash severity determined by the police at the accident scene, was recorded. The patients were age stratified as follows: 0 to 4 years (n = 24), 5 to 11 years (n = 29), and 12 to 17 years (n = 48). Fifty patients were appropriately restrained at the time of the crash. There was a significant correlation between mean trauma scores and mean TAD codes (P < .05). There were no significant differences in mean trauma scores between improperly restrained (n = 11) and unrestrained (n = 40) children (P > .05) across all age groups, and these children were grouped together as "unrestrained" in further analyses. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Mobility increases the capacity of ad-hoc wireless networks

The capacity of ad-hoc wireless networks is constrained by the mutual interference of concurrent transmissions between nodes. We study a model of an ad-hoc network where n nodes communicate in random source-destination pairs. These nodes are assumed to be mobile. We examine the per-session throughput for applications with loose delay constraints, such that the topology changes over the time-scale of packet delivery. Under this assumption, the per-user throughput can increase dramatically when the nodes are mobile rather than fixed. This improvement can be achieved by exploiting node mobility as a type of multiuser diversity.
Can Short-Sellers Predict Returns? Daily Evidence

We test whether short-sellers in U.S. stocks are able to predict future returns based on new SEC-mandated data for 2005. There is a tremendous amount of short-selling activity during the sample: short-sales represent 24 percent of NYSE and 31 percent of Nasdaq share volume. Short-sellers increase their trading following positive returns and they correctly predict future negative abnormal returns. These patterns are robust to controlling for voluntary liquidity provision and for opportunistic risk-bearing by short-sellers. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that short-sellers are trading on short-term overreaction in stock returns. A trading strategy based on daily short-selling activity generates significant positive returns during the sample period.
Reward-Related Attentional Bias and Adolescent Substance Use: A Prognostic Relationship?

Current cognitive-motivational addiction theories propose that prioritizing appetitive, reward-related information (attentional bias) plays a vital role in substance abuse behavior. Previous cross-sectional research has shown that adolescent substance use is related to reward-related attentional biases. The present study was designed to extend these findings by testing whether these reward biases have predictive value for adolescent substance use at three-year follow-up. Participants (N = 657, mean age = 16.2 yrs at baseline) were a sub-sample of Tracking Adolescents’ Individual Lives Survey (TRAILS), a large longitudinal community cohort study. We used a spatial orienting task as a behavioral index of appetitive-related attentional processes at baseline and a substance use questionnaire at both baseline and three years follow-up. Bivariate correlational analyses showed that enhanced attentional engagement with cues that predicted potential reward and nonpunishment was positively associated with substance use (alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis) three years later. However, reward bias was not predictive of changes in substance use. A post-hoc analysis in a selection of adolescents who started using illicit drugs (other than cannabis) in the follow-up period demonstrated that stronger baseline attentional engagement toward cues of nonpunishment was related to a higher level of illicit drug use three years later. The finding that reward bias was not predictive for the increase in substance use in adolescents who already started using substances at baseline, but did show prognostic value in adolescents who initiated drug use in between baseline and follow-up suggests that appetitive bias might be especially important in the initiation stages of adolescent substance use.
INTRACEREBRAL INFUSATE DISTRIBUTION BY CONVECTION‐ENHANCED DELIVERY IN HUMANS WITH MALIGNANT GLIOMAS: DESCRIPTIVE EFFECTS OF TARGET ANATOMY AND CATHETER POSITIONING

OBJECTIVE Convection-enhanced delivery (CED) holds tremendous potential for drug delivery to the brain. However, little is known about the volume of distribution achieved within human brain tissue or how target anatomy and catheter positioning influence drug distribution. The primary objective of this study was to quantitatively describe the distribution of a high molecular weight agent by CED relative to target anatomy and catheter position in patients with malignant gliomas. METHODS Seven adult patients with recurrent malignant gliomas underwent intracerebral infusion of the tumor-targeted cytotoxin, cintredekin besudotox, concurrently with 123I-labeled human serum albumin. High-resolution single-photon emission computed tomographic images were obtained at 24 and 48 hours and were coregistered with magnetic resonance imaging scans. The distribution of 123I-labeled human serum albumin relative to target anatomy and catheter position was analyzed. RESULTS Intracerebral CED infusions were well-tolerated and some resulted in a broad distribution of 123I-labeled human serum albumin, but target anatomy and catheter positioning had a significant influence on infusate distribution even within non-contrast-enhancing areas of brain. Intratumoral infusions were anisotropic and resulted in limited coverage of the enhancing tumor area and adjacent peritumoral regions. CONCLUSIONS CED has the potential to deliver high molecular weight agents into tumor-infiltrated brain parenchyma with volumes of distribution that are clinically relevant. Target tissue anatomy and catheter position are critical parameters in optimizing drug delivery.
What's Civic About Technical Communication? Technical Communication and the Rhetoric of "Community"

Although the concept of community has been advanced in technical communication as a moral reference point for civic rhetorical action, this concept is typically used in romantic, redemptive, and essentializing ways. This article argues for a radical and symbolic/rhetorical view of community, regarding it a discursive construct purposefully invoked by technical writers for strategic reasons.
A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of intravenous recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator and emergency coronary angioplasty in patients with acute myocardial infarction.

To determine the role of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) and immediate percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) in treating patients with evolving transmural myocardial infarction, 50 patients received t-PA (1.25 mg/kg iv over 3 hrs) or placebo according to 3:1 double-blind randomization 3.8 +/- 1.1 hr after onset of symptoms. At emergency coronary arteriography, patency of the infarct-related vessel was demonstrated in 32 of 38 (84%) patients receiving t-PA vs two of 12 (17%) receiving placebo (p less than .001). Of the 32 patients with recanalization after t-PA, 28 had a residual stenosis of at least 50% and underwent randomization a second time to immediate (n = 15) or no PTCA (n = 13). Immediate PTCA of the infarct-related vessel was successful in all 15 patients, with reduction of the residual diameter stenosis from 80.8 +/- 8.2% to 32.5 +/- 15.6% (p less than .001). The incidence of postinfarction angina (greater than or equal to 20 min of chest discomfort and reversible electrocardiographic changes) and reinfarction (documented by recurrent creatine kinase isoenzyme elevation) was reduced in the patients receiving t-PA and PTCA (2/15) compared with that in patients receiving t-PA alone (7/13; p = .006). At 1 week there was no difference in patency of the infarct-related vessel (12/15 t-PA and PTCA vs 9/13 t-PA only) or in global ventricular functional change between the two groups (0.5 +/- 10.4 SD/chord for t-PA and PTCA vs -2.1 +/- 8.2 SD/chord for t-PA only). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Review of Skull Base Reconstruction Using Locoregional Flaps and Free Flaps in Children and Adolescents

Tumors of the skull base are rare in children, and reconstruction in such patients has rarely been reported. We reviewed 16 cases of skull base reconstruction in patients under 18 years. The study group consisted of 10 boys and 6 girls, whose ages ranged from 2 to 17 years. Of the 16 cases, eight tumors were benign and eight were malignant. Defects were anterior in six cases, lateral in eight cases, and anterolateral in two cases. Reconstruction was performed with locoregional flaps in 11 cases and with free flaps in 5 cases. No significant difference was found between locoregional flaps and free flaps in total operative time, intraoperative blood loss, or postoperative hospital stay. However, in some cases, total operative time, reconstruction time, and blood loss increased to a degree unacceptable for pediatrics. Minor complications occurred in three patients and a major complication occurred in one case. Of four patients, three patients with postoperative complications had undergone chemoradiotherapy. Because of the physical weakness of pediatric patients, complicated reconstructive procedure should be avoided. We believe locoregional flaps will become the first choice for reconstruction. However, if patients have large, complex defects and have received radiotherapy, appropriate free flaps should be used to avoid postoperative complications.
Reflexes from pulmonary arterial baroreceptors in dogs: interaction with carotid sinus baroreceptors

Non‐technical summary Specialized nerve endings in the walls of various blood vessels are sensitive to alterations in the distending pressure. An increase in the blood pressure inside several arteries, including aorta, carotid and coronary arteries, generates sensory activity which causes reflex changes in the heart and circulation to reduce blood pressure. They operate as a negative feedback control and stabilise blood pressure. In this study we show that stimulation of pressure receptors in the walls of the pulmonary artery (low pressure) results in responses that differ from those originating from high pressure arteries. Instead of causing decreases in blood pressure and vascular resistance, their effect is to increase them. We also show that the effects on nervous activity to the kidney are different; stimulation of arterial receptors decreases renal nerve activity whereas stimulation of pulmonary arterial receptors increases it. There is interaction between the two reflexes. In other words, the level of stimulation of one reflex affects the responses from the other. We suggest that pulmonary arterial receptors are likely to have important physiological and pathophysiological consequences; they could contribute to causing the blood pressure increase during exercise as well as being involved in blood pressure control as the body changes orientation. They may also be involved in blood pressure control in heart failure and in the high pulmonary arterial pressures that are seen, for example, at high altitudes.
Sexy Girls, Heroes and Funny Losers. Gender Representations in Children's TV Around the World edited by Maya Gotz and Dafna Lemish

Gotz and Lemish have brought together in this volume a range of research which derives from the project they initiated in 2007 from the International Central Institute for Youth and Educational Television (IZI). Researchers in 24 countries around the world participated in this unique project, and the results, discussed at the 2008 and 2010 Prix Jeunesse International, prompted hopes that the producers of children’s television would be persuaded to pay more concerted attention to issues of gender in their programming. Whether or not such a utopian outcome might be expected from this initiative is open to future question. For our immediate purposes however, the value of this collection is that it draws together in one volume some of the results from both the original quantitative survey and the subsequent qualitative analyses that examined specific themes emerging from the data. The authors in this edited volume are all concerned with the representations of gender that are presented to their young audiences by contemporary television programmes made for children: whether from simply counting the numbers of images of girl heroes and boy heroes; measuring the bodily proportions of male and female characters; or textual analyses of the sexualisation of girl characters in popular global programmes, the aim is to map the ways in which gender infuses and informs the narratives of children’s programming, and to offer understandings of the implications of such representations. Readers in South Africa may ask what such a volume can offer, given the particularities of our local context which is characterised by violent hegemonic masculinities, correspondingly high rates of rape and child abuse, and single-parent or child-headed households, all of which contribute to a social and cultural landscape that is not particularly favourable for children and their development. The link is clear when considering the kinds of programmes available for the majority of South African children. The 2012 Media Monitoring report (Dibetso and Smith, 2012) demonstrates that scant attention is paid by the public broadcaster, despite its mandate, to issues of gender in general. Within this broader context, while children’s free-to-air terrestrial programming on SABC 1, 2 and 3 is regulated by Independent Communications Authority of South Africa (ICASA) to provide at least some local content, much comes from abroad, and it is likely that the local content within the stipulated 20 hours of programming each week is not drama but educational or magazine type programming. Of the drama programmes, the majority is imported (mostly from the USA), and animated, a scenario which mirrors the situation of many of the non-western countries who participated in this global survey.
National embeddedness and calculative human resource management in US subsidiaries in Europe and Australia

This article presents a study of the degree to which national institutional settings impact on the application of management practices in foreign subsidiaries of multinational companies. Applying the national business systems approach our study centres on the use of calculative human resource management (HRM) practices by subsidiaries of US multinational companies in the UK, Ireland, Germany, Denmark/Norway and Australia, respectively, in comparison with these countries’ indigenous firms.The analysis indicates that while US subsidiaries adapt to the local setting in terms of applying calculative HRM practices, they also diverge from indigenous firm practices.
Cross-Language Transfer of Morphological Awareness in Chinese-English Bilinguals.

This study examined cross-language transfer of morphological awareness in Chinese–English bilingual children. One hundred and thirty-seven first to fourth graders participated in the study. The children were tested on parallel measures of compound awareness, vocabulary, word reading and reading comprehension in Chinese and English. They also received measures of English derivational awareness, English phonological awareness and nonverbal reasoning. Structural equation modelling was used to compare a baseline model with only within-language paths to a model with cross-language paths. The cross-language model fit significantly better than the within-language model, suggesting transfer of morphological awareness between English and Chinese. In particular, we observed a bidirectional relationship between English compound awareness and Chinese vocabulary. Furthermore, English compound awareness was a significant predictor of Chinese reading comprehension. The conditions that support transfer of morphological awareness and the impact of transfer on literacy development in Chinese and English are discussed.
Does Job Embeddedness Mediate the Effect of Work Engagement on Job Outcomes? A Study of Hotel Employees in Cameroon

We develop and test a research model that investigates the mediating role of job embeddedness in the relationship between work engagement and two organizationally valued job outcomes. Data for this empirical investigation were obtained from full-time frontline hotel employees with a time lag of one month and their immediate supervisors in Cameroon. The hypothesized relationships were tested using hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The results reveal that all hypotheses receive support from the data. Specifically, the results indicate that job embeddedness partially mediates the impact of work engagement on turnover intentions and job performance. Implications of the results are discussed and future research directions are offered.
Benchmarking Software Maintenance Based on Working Time

Software maintenance is an important activity on the software lifecycle. Software maintenance does not mean only removing faults found after software release. Software needs extensions or modifications of its functions due to changes in a business environment, and software maintenance also indicates them. In this research, we try to establish a benchmark of work efficiency for software maintenance. To establish the benchmark, factors affecting work efficiency should be clarified, using a dataset collected from various organizations (cross-company dataset). We used dataset includes 134 data points collected by Economic Research Association in 2012, and analyzed factors affected work efficiency of software maintenance. We defined the work efficiency as number of modified modules divided by working time. The main contribution of our research is illustrating factors affecting work efficiency, based on the analysis using cross-company dataset and working time. Also, we showed work efficiency, classified the factor. It can be used to benchmark an organization. We empirically illustrated that using Java and restriction of development tool affect to work efficiency.