Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effect of remote emotion on receiver skin conductance:a failure to confirm

This study is an attempt to conceptually replicate a study by Ramakers, Stevens and Morris (2005) using a measure of electrodermal activity skin conductance (EDA) to evaluate the possibility of telepathy occurring between biologically and/or emotionally related senders and receivers. Ten negatively valenced and highly arousing target pictures were mixed with 10 blank control pictures in 10 blocks, with one of each kind in each block. The order of presentation of the target and control pictures within the block was determined randomly by a computer program. The series of 20 pictures were shown for the sender on a computer screen. Relaxation for the receiver was facilitated by soft music. It was hypothesized that there would be significantly more variance in the receiver EDA when the sender was exposed to negative arousing pictures, than to blank pictures. The results failed to show a significant difference in EDA variance between negative arousing and blank pictures, and did thus not support the telepathy hypothesis. It was recommended that future replications allocate more time for relaxation for the receiver.
Improving research on thinking and deciding by executives

While a meta-analysis is necessary to test the claim that the logic dominates the majority of studies, most studies by academic scholars on thinking and actions by executives appear to rely on cross-sectional surveys that use self-reports by executives via scaled (e.g. strongly disagree to strongly agree) instruments whereby one executive per firm completes the instrument and data are collected for 50 to 500 firms. Useable response rates in these studies are almost always below 30 percent of the distributions of the surveys. While these studies are sometimes worthwhile for learning how respondents assess concepts and relationships among concepts, perspectives on the severe limits to the value of such studies rings true: such surveys reveal more about executives’ sensemaking processes than the actual processes. The limitations of using one-shot, one-person-per-firm, self-reports as valid indicators of causal relationships of actual processes are so severe that academics should do more than think twice before using such surveys as the main method for collecting data— if scholars seek to understand and describe actual processes additional methods are necessary for data collection. The relevant literature includes several gems of exceptionally high quality, validity, and usefulness in the study of actual processes; identifying these studies is a useful step toward reducing the reliance on oneshot self-report surveys.
Mutual Life, Limited: Islamic Banking, Alternative Currencies, Lateral Reason

List of Illustrations and Tables xi Preface xiii Acknowledgments xvii A Note on Transliteration xxi INTRODUCTION: Lateral Reasons for a Post-reflexive Anthropology 1 CHAPTER 1: In the Matter of Islamic Banking and Local Currencies 24 CHAPTER 2: Of Law and Belief 55 CHAPTER 3: Of Monetary Alternatives and the Limits of Values Past 77 CHAPTER 4: Innumerate Equivalencies: Making Change with Alternative Currencies 100 CHAPTER 5: Wiseman's and Fool's Gold 122 CHAPTER 6: Mutual Life, Limited: Insurance, Moral Value, and Bureaucratic Form 136 CONCLUSION: Restaging Abstraction and Adequation 154 Notes 169 References Cited 185 Index 205
Automatic Application Level Set Approach in Detection Calcifications in Mammographic Image

Breast cancer is considered as one of a major health problem that constitutes the strongest cause behind mortality among women in the world. So, in this decade, breast cancer is the second most common type of cancer, in term of appearance frequency, and the fifth most common cause of cancer related death. In order to reduce the workload on radiologists, a variety of CAD systems; Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CADi) and Computer-Aided Detection (CADe) have been proposed. In this paper, we interested on CADe tool to help radiologist to detect cancer. The proposed CADe is based on a three-step work flow; namely, detection, analysis and classification. This paper deals with the problem of automatic detection of Region Of Interest (ROI) based on Level Set approach depended on edge and region criteria. This approach gives good visual information from the radiologist. After that, the features extraction using textures characteristics and the vector classification using Multilayer Perception (MLP) and k-Nearest Neighbours (KNN) are adopted to distinguish different ACR (American College of Radiology) classification. Moreover, we use the Digital Database for Screening Mammography (DDSM) for experiments and these results in term of accuracy varied between 60 % and 70% are acceptable and must be ameliorated to aid radiologist.
Implications for a gesture design tool

Interest in pen-based user interfaces is growing rapidly. Onepotentially useful feature of pen-based user interfaces isgestures, that is, a mark or stroke that causes a command toexecute. Unfortunately, it is difficult to design gestures that areeasy 1) for computers to recognize and 2) for humans to learn andremember. To investigate these problems, we built a prototype tooltypical fo those used for designing gesture sets. An experiment wasthen performed to gain insight into the gesture design process andto evaluate this style of tool. The experiment confirmed thatgesture design is very difficult and suggested several ways inwhich current tools can be improved. The most important improvementis to make the tools more active and provide more guidance fordesigners. This paper describes the gesture design tool, theexperiment, and its results.
Distributed Relaxation Processes in Sensory Adaptation

Dynamic description of most receptors, even in their near-linear ranges, has not led to understanding of the underlying physical events—in many instances because their curious transfer functions are not found in the usual repertoire of integral-order control-system analysis. We have described some methods, borrowed from other fields, which allow one to map any linear frequency response onto a putative weighting over an ensemble of simpler relaxation processes. One can then ask whether the resultant weighting of such processes suggests a corresponding plausible distribution of values for an appropriate physical variable within the sensory transducer. To illustrate this approach, we have chosen the fractional-order low-frequency response of Limulus lateral-eye photoreceptors. We show first that the current "adapting-bump" hypothesis for the generator potential can be formulated in terms of local first-order relaxation processes in which local light flux, the cross section of rhodopsin for photon capture, and restoration rate of local conductance-changing capability play specific roles. A representative spatial distribution for one of these parameters, which just accounts for the low-frequency response of the receptor, is then derived and its relation to cellular properties and recent experiments is examined. Finally, we show that for such a system, nonintegral-order dynamics are equivalent to nonhyperbolic statics, and that the efficacy distribution derived to account for the small-signal dynamics in fact predicts several decades of near-logarithmic response in the steady state. Encouraged by the result that one plausible proposal can account approximately for both the low-frequency dynamics (the transfer function sk) and the range-compressing statics (the Weber-Fechner relationship) measured in this photoreceptor, we have described some formally similar applications of these distributed effects to the vertebrate retina and to analogous properties of mechanoreceptors and chemoreceptors.
Adaptive Probabilistic Tracking Embedded in a Smart Camera

Tracking applications based on distributed and embedded sensor networks are emerging today, both in the field of surveillance (airports, lab facilities, train stations, museums, public spots) and industrial vision (visual servoing, factory automation). Traditional centralized approaches offer several drawbacks, due to limited communication bandwidth, computational requirements and thus also limited spatial camera resolution and framerate. In this paper, we present a network-enabled Smart Camera for probabilistic tracking. It is capable of tracking objects adaptively in real-time and offers a very bandwidthconservative approach, as the whole computation is performed embedded in the Smart Camera, and only the tracking results are transmitted which are on a higher level of abstraction.
Instrumental Music Education: Teaching with the Musical and Practical in Harmony

Unit 1. A Philosophy of Teaching: Sound-to-Symbol 1. An Introduction to Sound to Symbol 2. Teaching Rhythm & Rhythm Reading 3. Tonality, Melody, and Singing 4. Teaching Improvisation and Composition 5. The History Instrumental Music Education and Its Philosophy 6. Special topics: Two Models of Instructional Design Unit 2. Directing Bands and Orchestras 7. Classroom Management 8. Curriculum, Assessment and Grading 9. Repertoire 10. Score Study 11. Large Ensemble Set-Up 12. Rehearsals - (in 3 Parts) 13. Intonation 14. Directing Other Ensembles 15. Special topics: Motivation Unit 3. Administrative Issues 16. Recruiting, Organizing, and Starting the Band & Orchestra 17. Planning and Managing a Concert/Concert Etiquette 18. Promotion and Advocacy 19. Communication 20. The Music Budget 21. Copyrights 22. Managing Sound Levels 23. Special topics: Leadership, Mentors and Professional Development References Additional Chapters for the DVD/Website: The Job Search & Interview The Rehearsal Toolkit
Components of morality: A professional ethics perspective on moral motivation, moral sensitivity, moral reasoning and related constructs among university students

Tiivistelmä-Referat-Abstract Tutkimuksen tavoitteena oli selvittää moraalin eri osatekijöiden välisiä suhteita. Moraalista toimintaa tarkastellaan erityisesti ammattieettisestä näkökulmasta ja tutkimukseen vastanneita korkeakouluopiskelijoita tulevina asiantuntija-ammattien edustajina. Työn viitekehyksenä on James Restin (1986) moraalisen toiminnan neljän komponentin malli. Mallin mukaan moraalisessa toiminnassa on eroteltavissa ainakin neljä psykologista prosessia: moraalinen sensitiivisyys (tilanteen tulkitseminen moraaliseksi ongelmatilanteeksi), moraaliarviointi (teon arviointi oikeaksi tai vääräksi), moraalinen motivaatio (toimintaa ohjaavat arvot) sekä moraalinen luonne (kyky toimia moraalisten periaatteittensa mukaisesti). Tässä tutkimuksessa malliin sisällytetään myös ajattelun monimutkaisuus moraalisissa päätöksentekotilanteissa, menettelytapojen oikeudenmukaisuuden periaatteiden käyttö kuvaamassa moraaliajattelun sisältöä sekä empatia, jonka oletetaan myös motivoivan moraalista toimintaa. Moraalista luonnetta ei kuitenkaan tutkita tässä yhteydessä. Työn erityisenä kiinnostuksen kohteena on arvojen yhteys muihin moraalin osatekijöihin. Väitöskirja koostuu neljästä erillisestä tutkimuksesta, joista kaksi on korrelaatiotutkimusta, yksi opetusinterventio sekä yksi kokeellinen asetelma. Tutkimuksissa on käytetty neljää korkeakouluopiskelija-aineistoa sekä yhtä kirjallista aineistoa. Arvoja on mitattu Schwartzin arvomittarilla, moraaliarviointeja soveltamalla Colbyn ja Kohlbergin (1987) moraaliarviointien pisteytystä ei-Kohlbergilaisiin dilemmoihin, ajattelun monimutkaisuutta integrativiisen kompleksisuuden teorian avulla (Suedfeld, Tetlock & Streufert, 1992), sekä empatiaa Mehrabianin ja Epsteinin (1972) empatiamittarilla. Tutkimusta varten on kehitetty lisäksi moraalisen herkkyyden mittari. Tutkimuksen tulokset tukevat teoreettisesti oletettuja, mutta empiirisesti vähemmän tutkittuja yhteyksiä moraalin eri osatekijöiden välillä. Ne myös osoittavat arvojen merkityksen moraaliselle pohdinnalle. Päätuloksena voidaan pitää havaintoa, jonka mukaan itsensä ylittämisarvot ovat positiivisesti yhteydessä moraalin muihin osatekijöihin: moraaliseen sensitiivisyyteen, ajattelun monimutkaisuuteen ja empatiaan, kun vastaavasti itsensä korostamisarvojen yhteydet näihin tekijöihin ovat negatiivisia. Tukeakseen opiskelijoiden eettistä kehitystä, yliopistojen tulisi kiinnittää huomiota millaiseen arvomaailmaan he opiskelijoita sosiaalistavat opintojen aikana. Samoin yliopistoissa tarjottavan ammattietiikan opetuksen tulisi kattaa kaikki moraalisen toiminnat komponentit ollakseen tehokasta.
Microbial, nutritional and physical quality of commercial and hospital prepared tube feedings in Saudi Arabia.

OBJECTIVE Blenderized tube feedings (BTF) may present disadvantages over commercially prepared formulas (CPF). This study compares the microbial safety, nutritional content, and physical properties of BTF versus CPF. METHODS A total of 18 samples of BTF were collected from 3 hospitals in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia from August 1999 through to November 1999. Samples of a CPF were collected for comparison. All samples were analyzed for nutritional content, microbial quality (aerobic plate counts, coliform counts, microorganism growth) and physical characteristics (viscosity, osmolality). RESULTS The nutrient content of BTF varied significantly within and between sites. The average intra site variability for all sites ranged from 16-50%. The average variability of the CPF was 4-7%. Between sites, the mean concentration of most nutrients varied by 2-3 fold. The BTF had considerable differences between actual and expected nutrient concentrations, reaching statistical significance in 12 nutrients. The measured concentration of most nutrients in the CPF was within 10% of expected values. The BTF samples had higher viscosity and osmolality than the CPF. All samples of BTF had detectable aerobic plate counts that increased significantly over 4 hours (p<0.0005). Coliform contamination varied between sites, with 100% contamination at one site. No aerobic plate counts or coliform counts were detected in the CPF samples. CONCLUSION There is a high degree of variability in nutrient content and physical properties with BTF. Furthermore, BTF are highly contaminated, increasing the risk of nosocomial infections. For these reasons, CPF should replace BTF.
Intracellular excision and reintegration dynamics of the ICEclc genomic island of Pseudomonas knackmussii sp. strain B13

Genomic islands are DNA elements acquired by horizontal gene transfer that are common to a large number of bacterial genomes, which can contribute specific adaptive functions, e.g. virulence, metabolic capacities or antibiotic resistances. Some genomic islands are still self‐transferable and display an intricate life‐style, reminiscent of both bacteriophages and conjugative plasmids. Here we studied the dynamical process of genomic island excision and intracellular reintegration using the integrative and conjugative element ICEclc from Pseudomonas knackmussii B13 as model. By using self‐transfer of ICEclc from strain B13 to Pseudomonas putida and Cupriavidus necator as recipients, we show that ICEclc can target a number of different tRNAGly genes in a bacterial genome, but only those which carry the GCC anticodon. Two conditional traps were designed for ICEclc based on the attR sequence, and we could show that ICEclc will insert with different frequencies in such traps producing brightly fluorescent cells. Starting from clonal primary transconjugants we demonstrate that ICEclc is excising and reintegrating at detectable frequencies, even in the absence of recipient. Recombination site analysis provided evidence to explain the characteristics of a larger number of genomic island insertions observed in a variety of strains, including Bordetella petri, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Burkholderia.
PATer: A Hardware Prefetching Automatic Tuner on IBM POWER8 Processor

Hardware prefetching on IBM's latest POWER8 processor is able to improve performance of many applications significantly, but it can also cause performance loss for others. The IBM POWER8 processor provides one of the most sophisticated hardware prefetching designs which supports 225 different configurations. Obviously, it is a big challenge to find the optimal or near-optimal hardware prefetching configuration for a specific application. We present a dynamic prefetching tuning scheme in this paper, named prefetch automatic tuner (PATer). PATer uses a prediction model based on machine learning to dynamically tune the prefetch configuration based on the values of hardware performance monitoring counters (PMCs). By developing a two-phase prefetching selection algorithm and a prediction accuracy optimization algorithm in this tool, we identify a set of selected key hardware prefetch configurations that matter mostly to performance as well as a set of PMCs that maximize the machine learning prediction accuracy. We show that PATer is able to accelerate the execution of diverse workloads up to 1.4×.
Incident Dementia in a Defined Older Chinese Population

Background Current knowledge about incident dementia is mainly derived from studies undertaken in the West, showing that dementia is related to older age, low socio-economic status, lack of social network, depression and cardiovascular disease risk factors. We know little about incidence and predictors of dementia in China, where the prevalence is increasing and the patterns of risk factors are different. Methods Using a standard interview method, we examined 1526 non-demented people aged ≥65 years who had at least minimal educational level in China in a 7.5-year follow up. Incident dementia was diagnosed by GMS-AGECAT algorithms and psychiatrists. Results Age-standardised incidence of dementia was 14.7 per 1000 person-years (95%CI 11.3–18.2 per 1000 person-years). The increased risk was significantly associated with age, female gender (adjusted odds ratio 2.48, 95%CI 1.20–5.13), low educational levels, smoking, angina (2.58, 1.01–6.59) and living with fewer family members. Among participants with low educational level, the increased risk was associated with higher income, and with the highest and lowest occupational classes; adjusted odds ratio 2.74 (95%CI 1.12–6.70) for officers/teachers, 3.11 (1.61–6.01) for manual labourers/peasants. Conclusions Our findings of high incidence of dementia and increased risk among people having low education levels but high income suggest a more potential epidemic and burden of dementia populations in China. Maintaining social network and activities and reducing cardiovascular factors in late life could be integrated into current multi-faceted preventive strategies for curbing the epidemic of dementia.
Antinephrolithiatic and antioxidative efficacy of Dolichos biflorus seeds in a lithiasic rat model

Abstract Context: Dolichos biflorus sensu auct non L. (Fabaceae) is widely used for the treatment of kidney stones, leucorrhoea, urinary disorders, and menstrual troubles, and is known for its antioxidant activity. Objectives: To evaluate the preventive effect of hydro-alcoholic extract of Dolichos biflorus seeds (DBE) in ethylene glycol induced nephrolithiasis. Materials and methods: In vitro antioxidative capacity of DBE was estimated in terms of reducing power, superoxide radical, 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical, and nitric oxide scavenging activity. A validated HPLC method was used for standardization using quercetin as a marker. Adult female Wistar rats were administered with DBE (150 and 300 mg/kg body weight/day) along with ethylene glycol (0.75%, v/v) for 28 d. The various biochemical parameters were measured in urine, serum, and kidney followed by histochemistry. Results: Ethylene glycol caused a significant increase in calcium, oxalate, phosphate, and total protein in urine as well as in kidney whereas decrease in calcium, sodium, and magnesium in serum was observed (p < 0.001). Ethylene glycol also caused a significant increase in lipid peroxidation and concurrent decrease in activities of antioxidant enzymes in kidney (p < 0.001). However, the seed extract of D. biflorus caused significant restoration of all these parameters (p < 0.001). Histopathological and histochemical studies also showed the reduced calcifications in kidney of seed extract treated rats. Discussion and conclusion: These results indicated that seeds of D. biflorus have significant prophylactic effect in preventing the nephrolithiasis, which might be due to the antioxidant activity of the active compounds of the plant.
Identifying Code of Individual Features in Client-Side Web Applications

Web applications are one of today's fastest growing software systems. Structurally, they are composed of two parts: the server side, used for data access and business logic, and the client side, used as a user interface. In recent years, with developers building complex interfaces, the client side is playing an increasingly important role. Unfortunately, the techniques and tools used to support development are not as advanced as in other disciplines. From the user's perspective, the client side offers a number of features that are relatively easy to distinguish. However, the same cannot be said for their implementation details. This makes the understanding, maintenance, and reuse of code difficult. The goal of the work presented in this paper is to improve reusability, maintainability, and performance of client-side web applications by identifying the code that implements a particular feature. We have evaluated the approach based on three different experiments: extracting features, extracting library functionalities, and page optimization. The evaluation shows that the method is able to identify the implementation details of individual features, and that by extracting the identified code, a considerable reduction in code size and increase in performance can be achieved.
Automata-based Verification of Linear Temporal Logic Models with Bounded Variability

A model has variability bounded by v/k when the state changes at most v times over any linear interval containing k time instants. When interpreted over models with bounded variability, specification formulae that contain redundant metric information -- through the usage of next operators -- can be simplified without affecting their validity. This paper shows how to harness this simplification in practice: we present a translation of LTL into Büchi automata that removes redundant metric information, hence makes for more efficient verification over models with bounded variability. To show the feasibility of the approach, we also implement a proof-of-concept translation in ProMeLa and verify it using the Spin off-the-shelf model-checker.
Jean-Baptiste Say and the Classical Canon in Economics: The British Connection in French Classicism

This book explores the perceived paradigmatic conflict within British classical economics between the so called 'Ricardo School' and the contemporary French Economics of Jean-Baptiste Say. Samuel Hollander provides the reader with extensive evidence, utilising all editions of Say's main texts and his lesser-known writings, in order to demonstrate Say's adherence to much of Ricardian theory. The book focuses on selected doctorinal issues and the surrounding debates including: * value and distribution with extension to growth theory * real income and its measurement with implications for trade and taxation * 'Law of Markets' This intriguing book will interest all serious historians of economic thought and will find a place on the bookshelves of many economists across the world.