Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subgroup Families Controlling p‐Local Finite Groups

A p‐local finite group consists of a finite p‐group S, together with a pair of categories which encode ‘conjugacy’ relations among subgroups of S, and which are modelled on the fusion in a Sylow p‐subgroup of a finite group. It contains enough information to define a classifying space which has many of the same properties as p‐completed classifying spaces of finite groups. In this paper, we examine which subgroups control this structure. More precisely, we prove that the question of whether an abstract fusion system F over a finite p‐group S is saturated can be determined by just looking at smaller classes of subgroups of S. We also prove that the homotopy type of the classifying space of a given p‐local finite group is independent of the family of subgroups used to define it, in the sense that it remains unchanged when that family ranges from the set of F‐centric F‐radical subgroups (at a minimum) to the set of F‐quasicentric subgroups (at a maximum). Finally, we look at constrained fusion systems, analogous to p‐constrained finite groups, and prove that they in fact all arise from groups. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classification 20J99 (primary), 55R35, 20D20 (secondary).
Revenue Management with Strategic Customers: Last-Minute Selling and Opaque Selling

Companies in a variety of industries (e.g., airlines, hotels, theaters) often use last-minute sales to dispose of unsold capacity. Although this may generate incremental revenues in the short term, the long-term consequences of such a strategy are not immediately obvious: More discounted last-minute tickets may lead to more consumers anticipating the discount and delaying the purchase rather than buying at the regular (higher) prices, hence potentially reducing revenues for the company. To mitigate such behavior, many service providers have turned to opaque intermediaries, such as Hotwire.com, that hide many descriptive attributes of the service (e.g., departure times for airline tickets) so that the buyer cannot fully predict the ultimate service provider. Using a stylized economic model, this paper attempts to explain and compare the benefits of last-minute sales directly to consumers versus through an opaque intermediary. We utilize the notion of rational expectations to model consumer purchasing decisions: Consumers make early purchase decisions based on expectations regarding future availability, and these expectations are correct in equilibrium. We show that direct last-minute sales are preferred over selling through an opaque intermediary when consumer valuations for travel are high or there is little service differentiation between competing service providers, or both; otherwise, opaque selling dominates. Moreover, contrary to the usual belief that such sales are purely mechanisms for disposal of unused capacity, we show that opaque selling becomes more preferred over direct last-minute selling as the probability of having high demand increases. When firms randomize between opaque selling and last-minute selling strategies, they are increasingly likely to choose the opaque selling strategy as the probability of high demand increases. When firms with unequal capacities use the opaque selling strategy, consumers know more clearly where the opaque ticket is from and the efficacy of opaque selling decreases.
Inclusive education in Nigeria: exploring parental attitude, knowledge and perceived social norms influencing implementation

ABSTRACT Inclusive education has become a ‘buzzword’ in the contemporary discourse on equal access to education. It has been argued that different stakeholders play a crucial role in an effort to implement inclusive education. Although teachers are key ‘architects’ who are expected to support the learning of all students in the classroom, the decisions of parents of children with and without disabilities are critical to successful implementation. In the Nigerian context, despite efforts at implementing inclusive education, only few studies have attempted to document parental perspectives. Employing Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behaviour, this study explored parental attitudes, knowledge and perceived social norms in influencing the implementation of inclusive education. A total of 708 parents completed the Parents’ Attitudes towards Inclusive Education (PATIE) survey questionnaire in two states in Nigeria. The study found that parents were ambivalent in their attitudes and had limited knowledge and slightly positive perceived social norms. The implications of the findings for policymaking are also discussed.
Influence of Inspiratory Muscle Training on Ventilatory Efficiency and Cycling Performance in Normoxia and Hypoxia

The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) on ventilatory efficiency, in normoxia and hypoxia, and to investigate the relationship between ventilatory efficiency and cycling performance. Sixteen sport students (23.05 ± 4.7 years; 175.11 ± 7.1 cm; 67.0 ± 19.4 kg; 46.4 ± 8.7 ml·kg−1·min−1) were randomly assigned to an inspiratory muscle training group (IMTG) and a control group (CG). The IMTG performed two training sessions/day [30 inspiratory breaths, 50% peak inspiratory pressure (Pimax), 5 days/week, 6-weeks]. Before and after the training period subjects carried out an incremental exercise test to exhaustion with gas analysis, lung function testing, and a cycling time trial test in hypoxia and normoxia. Simulated hypoxia (FiO2 = 16.45%), significantly altered the ventilatory efficiency response in all subjects (p < 0.05). Pimax increased significantly in the IMTG whereas no changes occurred in the CG (time × group, p < 0.05). Within group analyses showed that the IMTG improved ventilatory efficiency (VE/VCO2 slope; EqCO2VT2) in hypoxia (p < 0.05) and cycling time trial performance [WTTmax (W); WTTmean (W); PTF(W)] (p < 0.05) in hypoxia and normoxia. Significant correlations were not found in hypoxia nor normoxia found between ventilatory efficiency parameters (VE/VCO2 slope; LEqCO2; EqCO2VT2) and time trial performance. On the contrary the oxygen uptake efficiency slope (OUES) was highly correlated with cycling time trial performance (r = 0.89; r = 0.82; p < 0.001) under both conditions. Even though no interaction effect was found, the within group analysis may suggest that IMT reduces the negative effects of hypoxia on ventilatory efficiency. In addition, the data suggest that OUES plays an important role in submaximal cycling performance.
Analysis of Exact and Approximated Epidemic Models over Complex Networks

We study the spread of discrete-time epidemics over arbitrary networks for well-known propagation models, namely SIS (susceptible-infected-susceptible), SIR (susceptible-infected-recovered), SIRS (susceptible-infected-recovered-susceptible) and SIV (susceptible-infected-vaccinated). Such epidemics are described by $2^n$- or $3^n$-state Markov chains. Ostensibly, because analyzing such Markov chains is too complicated, their $O(n)$-dimensional nonlinear "mean-field" approximation, and its linearization, are often studied instead. We provide a complete global analysis of the epidemic dynamics of the nonlinear mean-field approximation. In particular, we show that depending on the largest eigenvalue of the underlying graph adjacency matrix and the rates of infection, recovery, and vaccination, the global dynamics takes on one of two forms: either the epidemic dies out, or it converges to another unique fixed point (the so-called endemic state where a constant fraction of the nodes remain infected). A similar result has also been shown in the continuous-time case. We tie in these results with the "true" underlying Markov chain model by showing that the linear model is the tightest upper-bound on the true probabilities of infection that involves only marginals, and that, even though the nonlinear model is not an upper-bound on the true probabilities in general, it does provide an upper-bound on the probability of the chain not being absorbed. As a consequence, we also show that when the disease-free fixed point is globally stable for the mean-field model, the Markov chain has an $O(\log n)$ mixing time, which means the epidemic dies out quickly. We compare and summarize the results on different propagation models.
A Delayed Parallel Filter Structure with an FIR Part Having Improved Numerical Properties

In real-world applications high-order IIR filters are often converted to series or parallel second-order sections to decrease the negative effects of coefficient truncation and roundoff noise. While series biquads are more common, the parallel structure is gaining more interest due to the possibility of full code parallelization. In addition, it is relatively simple to design a filter directly in a parallel form, which can be efficiently utilized for logarithmic frequency resolution filtering often required in audio. If the numerator order of the original transfer function is higher than that of the denominator, a parallel FIR part arises in addition to the second-order IIR sections. Unfortunately, in this case the gain of the sections and that of the FIR filter can be significantly higher than that of the final transfer function, which requires the downscaling of the filter coefficients to avoid overload. This leads to a significant loss of useful bitdeph. This paper analyzes problem and suggests delaying the IIR part so that there is no overlap between the responses of the FIR part and the second-order sections.
Influence of Students’ Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness and Time Spent Towards Students’ Continuance Intention Using MOOC Among Public University Students

With the development of technology and internet, more and more public universities in Malaysia has put in their efforts and investment in MOOC. The benefits of MOOC cannot be maximized, as there is high enrolment but low courses completion rate. The aim of this paper is to explore the influence perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use and time spent towards MOOC continuance intention among Higher Education students. Data from 447 students in Malaysian Public Universities was collected and multiple regression approach was adopted. The results revealed that perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use have a strong significant correlation with MOOC continuance intention while time spent has no significant correlation with MOOC continuance intention. The findings provide insights to MOOC providers in planning improved continuance intention towards using MOOCs.
Visual attention and representation switching in Java program debugging: a study using eye movement tracking

This paper describes a study of Java program debugging using a multiple window software debugging environment (SDE). In this study we have replicated an earlier study by Romero et al. (2002a, 2002b, 2003), but with the difference of using both the Restricted Focus Viewer and the eye tracking equipment to track the visual attention of the subjects. The study involved ten subjects debugging short Java programs using the SDE. The SDE included three different representations of the Java programs, those of the program source code, a visualization of the program, and its output concurrently in three separate panels in SDE. We used the Restricted Focus Viewer (RFV) and a remote eye tracker to collect the visual attention of the subjects. A with-in subject design, similar to Romero et al., employing both RFV/no-RVF task conditions was used. The overall results of the time distributions over three different representations of the programs agree with the study of Romero et al. But the results of visual attention switching raise some questions to be considered in later studies.
Mindfulness and eating : an exploration of effects and mediators

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Filipino Student Teachers‘ Environmental Competencies: Basis for Development of a Training Module

Teachers serve as the main element in achieving environmentally literate populace which the country needs. Hence, this study reported a comprehensive account on the level of competency on Environmental Education Content (EEC) of 21 Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEEd) pre-service teachers in one state university in the Philippines during the Academic Year 2015-2016. By employing the survey type of descriptive research with an adapted questionnaire, the study found out that the respondents are least competent on ecological foundations while they agreed that they are competent on conceptual awareness, investigation and evaluation and environmental action skills. Further, this study also revealed that the training module developed based on the findings of the study was highly valid, acceptable, and functional. With these, uplifting the environment instruction in the Teacher Education Institutions is highly recommended in this study. KeywordsElementary Education, Environmental Education Content, Environmental Competency, Teacher Education, Natural Science
Allelopathic potential of the invasive species Aster lanceolatus Willd.

Background and Purpose: Aster lanceolatus Willd. is a highly invasive plant in Serbia. However, mechanisms that allow A. lanceolatus to be so competitive and to become dominant in riverine plant communities are not clear. Several potentially allelopathic compounds have been identified in A. lanceolatus tissues and those substances could possibly contribute to the rapid spread of this species. Materials and Methods: In this paper, the allelopathic potential of Aster lanceolatus Willd. was studied. Lactuca sativa L. and Sinapis alba L. were selected as the bioassay species. Under laboratory conditions, different concentrations of aqueous extracts of A. lanceolatus were applied to determine their effect on seed germination and seedling growth of the test species. Influences of various aqueous extracts on the germination of bioassay species were tested using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). In addition, radicle and hypocotyl lengths and dry weight of seedlings were expressed as a percentage of growth inhibition of the control. Results and Conclusion: The bioassay present in this paper has shown that the aqueous extracts obtained from different vegetative organs of A. lanceolatus have an inhibitory effect on seed germination and seedling growth of the test species and that those potentially allelopathic compounds could contribute to the competitive ability of A. lanceolatus against native plants. Keywords: Aster lanceolatus Willd. , Compositae, invasive plants, allelopathy, bioassay
Radar HRRP Statistical Recognition: Parametric Model and Model Selection

Statistical modeling for radar high-resolution range profile (HRRP) is a challenging task in radar HRRP statistical recognition. Theoretical analysis and experimental results show that elements in an HRRP sample are statistically correlated and non-Gaussian distributed. First, this paper introduces three joint-Gaussian models, i.e., subspace approximation model, probability principal components analysis (PPCA) model and factor analysis (FA) model, into radar HRRP statistical recognition. Due to the experimental results, we can have the conclusion that the jointly non-Gaussian distributed HRRP samples approximately follow the joint-Gaussian distribution described by FA model. Therefore, we can apply FA model to radar HRRP statistical recognition rather than a joint-Gaussian mixture model, e.g., PPCA mixture model or FA mixture model, which is a more accurate choice for modeling non-Gaussian distributed correlations in multidimensional data but with high learning complexity and large computation burden, and the difficulty in the statistical modeling for HRRP samples is largely reduced. Second, this paper concerns model selection of FA model in radar HRRP statistical recognition, in which there are two issues, i.e., the partition of target-aspect frames and the determination of the number of factors in each frame. Based on the Akaike information criterion (AIC) and the Bayes' information criterion (BIC), an iterated algorithm for model selection is proposed in this paper, which can automatically give the optimal aspect-frame boundaries and determine the optimal number of factors in each aspect-frame. The recognition experiments based on measured data show that the proposed adaptive partition approach can further improve the recognition performance with higher recognition efficiency.
Assigning AS relationships to satisfy the Gao-Rexford conditions

Compliance with the Gao-Rexford conditions [1] is perhaps the most realistic explanation of Internet routing stability, although BGP is renowned to be prone to oscillations. Informally, the Gao-Rexford conditions assume that (i) the business relationships between Internet Service Providers (ISPs) yield a hierarchy, (ii) each ISP behaves in a rational way, i.e., it does not offer transit to other ISPs for free, and (iii) each ISP ranks routes through customers better than routes through providers and peers.
ATM regulates proteasome-dependent subnuclear localization of TRF1, which is important for telomere maintenance

Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), a PI-3 kinase essential for maintaining genomic stability, has been shown to regulate TRF1, a negative mediator of telomerase-dependent telomere extension. However, little is known about ATM-mediated TRF1 phosphorylation site(s) in vivo. Here, we report that ATM phosphorylates S367 of TRF1 and that this phosphorylation renders TRF1 free of chromatin. We show that phosphorylated (pS367)TRF1 forms distinct non-telomeric subnuclear foci and that these foci occur predominantly in S and G2 phases, implying that their formation is cell cycle regulated. We show that phosphorylated (pS367)TRF1-containing foci are sensitive to proteasome inhibition. We find that a phosphomimic mutation of S367D abrogates TRF1 binding to telomeric DNA and renders TRF1 susceptible to protein degradation. In addition, we demonstrate that overexpressed TRF1-S367D accumulates in the subnuclear domains containing phosphorylated (pS367)TRF1 and that these subnuclear domains overlap with nuclear proteasome centers. Taken together, these results suggest that phosphorylated (pS367)TRF1-containing foci may represent nuclear sites for TRF1 proteolysis. Furthermore, we show that TRF1 carrying the S367D mutation is unable to inhibit telomerase-dependent telomere lengthening or to suppress the formation of telomere doublets and telomere loss in TRF1-depleted cells, suggesting that S367 phosphorylation by ATM is important for the regulation of telomere length and stability.
Occupational exposures to blood and body fluids (BBF): Assessment of knowledge, attitude and practice among health care workers in general hospitals in Lebanon

Healthcare workers (HCWs) who are employed in traditional health care workplaces face a serious danger that may threaten their life; it is their exposure to blood and body fluids (BBF). In Lebanon, the introduction of a hospital accreditation system has put a particular emphasis on staff safety, and on the evaluation of professional practice (EPP) programs. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted amongst 277 HCWs working in 4 general hospitals in South Lebanon. Objective: 1) describe the prevalence and the risk factors for occupational exposure to BBF among HCWs; 2) evaluate knowledge, attitude, and practices of HCW concerning blood-borne pathogens and adherence to universal safety precautions. Results: The mean age of the respondents was 32.14 years (SD = 10.33), 57.4% were females. 43.3% of HCWs expressed that they use gloves all the time for every activeity of care. 67.1% were aware that needles should not be recapped after use; registered nurses and nursing students were more aware than physicians and nursing assistants (nurse) in this subject. 30% of HCWs declared having had at least one occupational exposure to BBF; 62.7% of all accidental exposure was reported to the department responsible for managing exposures. Percutaneous injuries were the most frequently reported. Vaccination coverage was 88.4% for hepatitis B, and 48.4% against influenza. The source patient was tested in 43.4% of reported BBF exposures. Accidental exposure to BBF was more frequent in older people (OR = 3.42; p = 0.03) and the more experienced. Subjects working in intensive care unit ward reported more exposure to BBF (OR = 3; p = 0.04). Participants incurring exposure to BBF resorted to different measures after the injury suggesting a lack of a uniform policy for post-exposure prophylaxis. Conclusion: Exposure to BBF represents an important and frequently preventable occupational hazard for HCWs in Lebanon that requires continuous EPP of HCWs, and a comprehensive approach for prevention and management.
Estimates for Bergman Polynomials in Domains with Corners

Let G be a bounded simply-connected domain in the complex plane C, whose boundary Γ := ∂G is a Jordan curve, and let {pn}n=0 denote the sequence of Bergman polynomials of G. This is defined as the unique sequence of polynomials {pn(z)}n=0, with positive leading coefficient, that are orthonormal with respect to the area measure on G. The asymptotic behaviour of pn(z) in the exterior of Γ, in cases when Γ is a piecewise analytic Jordan curve have been established recently in [15]. The purpose of this note is to derive, for the same class of curves, estimates for the asymptotics of pn(z) on Γ. Dedication: To Ed Saff, an outstanding mathematician, a great mentor and collaborator, and a dear friend, on the occasion of his 70th birthday.
Association between the Gensini Score and Carotid Artery Stenosis

Background and Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the extent of coronary artery disease assessed by the Gensini score and/or the SYNTAX score and the significant carotid stenosis in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). Subjects and Methods A total of 225 patients who had carotid doppler ultrasonography prior to CABG were included retrospectively. Significant coronary artery disease was assumed as a lumen diameter stenosis of ≥50% in any of the major epicardial coronary arteries. The severity of carotid stenosis was determined by B-mode and duplex ultrasonography. Clinically significant carotid stenosis was defined as peak systolic velocity greater than 125 cm/s. Results The mean value of SYNTAX score and Gensini score was highest in patients allocated to significant carotid stenosis (22.98±7.32, p<0.001 and 77.40±32.35, p<0.001, respectively). The other risk factors for significant carotid stenosis were found to be male gender (p=0.029), carotid bruit (p<0.001), diabetes (p=0.021), left main disease (p=0.002), 3-vessel disease (p=0.008), chronic total coronary occlusion (p=0.001), and coronary artery calcification (p=0.001) in univariate analysis. However, only the Gensini score (odds ratio[OR]=1.030, p=0.004), carotid bruit (OR=0.068, p<0.001), and male gender (OR=0.190, p=0.003) were the independent predictors. The Gensini score cut off value predicting significant carotid stenosis was 50.5 with 77% sensitivity (p<0.001). Conclusion The Gensini score may be used to identify patients at high risk for significant carotid stenosis prior to CABG.