Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Finite size Giant Magnons in the string dual of N=6 superconformal Chern-Simons theory

We find the exact solution for a finite size Giant Magnon in the SU(2) × SU(2) sector of the string dual of the = 6 superconformal Chern-Simons theory recently constructed by Aharony, Bergman, Jafferis and Maldacena. The finite size Giant Magnon solution consists of two magnons, one in each SU(2). In the infinite size limit this solution corresponds to the Giant Magnon solution of arXiv:0806.4959. The magnon dispersion relation exhibits finite-size exponential corrections with respect to the infinite size limit solution.
Parenting and Adolescent Identity

This article examines the ancestral and acculturated cultural meanings in immigrant Indian parenting and adolescent identity using the independence-interdependence dimension as the focus. Forty Indian parents and their adolescents in Delhi, India, and Geneva, Switzerland, were interviewed using open-ended questions and scenarios. Adolescents also completed a contextual version of the Twenty Statements Test. Results showed beliefs and practices to be similar for the two groups of parents except that immigrant parents in Geneva placed greater emphasis on traditional Indian culture at home. Self-other constructions of identity measures showed Geneva adolescents to have fewer attributes of interdependence compared to their counterparts in Delhi. Case study analysis further demonstrated how immigrant adolescents construct their self-other relations to synthesize the ancestral and acculturated values of their parents and the host society.
Toward practical knowledge-based tools for battle planning and scheduling

Use of knowledge-based decision aids can help alleviate the challenges of planning complex military operations. We describe the CADET system, a knowledge-based tool capable of producing automatically (or with human guidance) Army battle plans with realistic degree of detail and complexity. In ongoing experiments, it compared favorably with human planners. Tight interleaving of planning, adversary estimates, scheduling, routing, attrition and consumption processes comprise the computational approach of this tool. Although originally developed for Army large-unit operations, the technology is generic. In this paper, we focus particularly on the engineering tradeoffs in the design of the tool, and on the experimental comparative evaluation of the tool's performance.
The Effects of Failure on Children's Ability to Perform a Musical Test

This study investigated children's affective and behavioural responses during an evaluative musical testing situation. In particular, the study focused on the effects of test-failure on children's musical test-performance. Fifty-one children (aged 6-10) were individually administered a standardised Melodic Direction Test (Trial 1). Then, they were taught to perform a similar experimenter-devised test on which they encountered success (Trial 2) followed by experimenter-induced failure (Trial 3). After both Trial 2 and 3 they were asked to give their self-perceptions of competence and to predict their performance on subsequent tests. Results showed that, following failure, over half the children experienced a deterioration (maladaptive "helpless" behaviour) in their test-performance on a test identical to Trial 2 (Trial 4); the test-performance of the other children either remained the same or improved (adaptive "mastery" behaviour). Additionally, it was found that children who reported low confidence following failure experienced more performance deterioration than children who reported high post-failure confidence. No differences were found in the test-performance of children identified as mastery and helpless on the standardised test (Trial 1); however, helpless children scored higher than mastery children on the success condition (Trial 2). The study demonstrates that children's performance on tests of music cognition is influenced not only by their levels of cognitive skill but also by their affective and behavioural states during testing. Implications for music practitioners are discussed.
Identifying vulnerable older people: insights from Thailand

This paper explores the usefulness of the ‘asset vulnerability framework’, as devised by Moser (1998), for assessing the economic wellbeing of older people living in poor rural and urban communities in Thailand. Gaining an accurate view of older people's material situation is essential for the development of policies that target the needs of older people in contexts of resource scarcity. The paper shows the limitations and potential biases of assessments based purely on reported income levels. It then sets out the key principles of the asset vulnerability framework, which seeks to combine information about exposure to different economic risks with the relative capacity to deal with them. Drawing on survey data, the paper maps resilience to economic risk, finding that the very old and those living in rural communities are in the most precarious position, whereas gender differences are less apparent. The asset vulnerability framework is then applied to specific forms of risk: catastrophic health expenditure and the death of a child caused by HIV/AIDS. Patterns of vulnerability revealed by the framework roughly accord with those revealed by reported income, but there are important differences, such as the size of the vulnerability gap between rural and urban populations. The framework provides a much fuller picture of why some groups of older people are in a more precarious economic situation than others. The paper recommends that future surveys draw on Moser's framework, and place emphasis on identifying the risks that older people consider most important.
A Fully Integrated Multistage Cross-Coupled Voltage Multiplier With No Reversion Power Loss in a Standard CMOS Process

This brief presents a fully integrated cross-coupled voltage multiplier for boosting dc-to-dc converter applications. The proposed design applies a new structure of cross-coupled voltage doubler (CCVD) and a clock scheme that eliminates all of the reversion power loss and increases the power efficiency (PE). In addition, this design is scalable to multiple-stage voltage doubler (voltage multiplier) as the maximum gate-to-source/drain or drain-to-source voltage does not exceed the nominal power supply <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_\mathrm{dd}$</tex-math></inline-formula>. As a result, such a design is compatible with the standard CMOS process without any overstress voltage. The proposed single-stage CCVD and three-stage cross-coupled voltage multiplier are implemented in 0.13-<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu\text{m}$</tex-math></inline-formula> IBM CMOS process with maximum PE values of 88.16% and 80.2%, respectively. The maximum voltage conversion efficiency reaches 99.8% under the supply voltage of 1.2 V.
Metabolism of Diosbulbin B In Vitro and In Vivo in Rats: Formation of Reactive Metabolites and Human Enzymes Involved

Diosbulbin B (DB), a major constituent of the furano-norditerpenes in Dioscorea bulbifera Linn, exhibits potential antineoplasmic activity and hepatotoxicity. The metabolism and reactive metabolites of DB in vitro (with human and animal liver microsomes) and in vivo in rats were investigated. The human enzymes involved in DB metabolism were identified. DB was first catalyzed into reactive metabolites of 2-butene-1,4-dial derivatives dependent on NADPH and then trapped by Tris base or oxidized to hemiacetal lactones (M12 and M13) in microsomal incubations. Tris base was used as buffer constituent and as a trapping agent for aldehyde. Methoxylamine and glutathione (GSH) were also used as trapping agents. DB metabolism in vivo in rats after oral administration was consistent with that in vitro. The structures of M12 and M13, as well as mono-GSH conjugates of DB (M31), were confirmed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the chemically synthesized products. The bioactivation enzymes of DB were identified as CYP3A4/5, 2C9, and 2C19. CYP3A4 was found to be the primary enzyme using human recombinant cytochrome P450 enzymes, specific inhibitory studies, and a relative activity factor approach for pooled human liver microsomes. Michaelis-Menten constants Km and Vmax were determined by the formation of M31. The reactive metabolites may be related to the hepatotoxicity of DB. The gender difference in CYP3A expression in mice and rats contributed to the gender-related liver injury and pharmacokinetics in mice and rats, respectively.
The Effects of Self-Discordance, Self-Concordance, and Implementation Intentions on Health Behavior

Building upon previous research on implementation intentions, the present study hypothesized that implementation intentions would be beneficial for participants who endorsed self-concordant and self-discordant forms of motivation. Self-concordance describes the extent to which goals are congruent with organismic needs for self-determination, competence, and relatedness whereas self-discordance describes the extent to which goals and behaviors are incongruent with these needs. Results showed that implementation intentions were beneficial for people who endorsed self-discordant forms of motivation. In addition, a statistically nonsignificant trend was observed for implementation intentions to be beneficial among individuals who endorsed self-concordant forms of motivation. It is concluded that implementation exercises are beneficial for individuals who endorse self-discordant motivation.
Identification of irregular motion in automotive navigation systems using novelty detection

Automated display testing for visual unpleasant and erroneous navigation sequences is an important step to preserve a high quality standard for premium vehicle manufacturers. This paper presents a novel error detection algorithm for navigation sequences based on novelty detection on motion parameters obtained from real world navigation sequences. Motion parameters are accumulated through key point matching using BRISK and subsequent homography calculation. With these parameters one is able to describe the motion between two successive frames. Combinations of translational and rotational components allow the novelty detection algorithm to predict outliers. These outliers either show positioning errors or abnormal motion behaviour which are both unacceptable for high quality. Experimental results demonstrate that this algorithm works significantly better than state of the art, where one has to know errors before analysing the data set in order to determine thresholds for particular errors. The gains in precision and recall are 49.67% and 6.06% respectively, the accuracy is 1.37% higher compared to optimized threshold results.
Religious Fundamentalism and Terror Management: Differences by Interdependent and Independent Self-construal

Two studies tested the hypothesis that religious fundamentalism and self-construal are associated with systematic differences in death awareness. We hypothesized that, for individuals low in religious fundamentalism, who presumably experience less of an anxiety buffer based on worldview, interdependent self-construal (a sense of the self as encompassing connections to close others) should be associated with reduced baseline death awareness — because relational processes may have anxiety buffering functions. Results from both studies supported this notion, showing that chronic and primed interdependence were associated with reduced death-awareness for low fundamentalists. Among persons scoring high on religious fundamentalism levels of death awareness were unrelated to self-construal. These studies suggest that fundamentalism and self-conceptions interact to influence the terror-management process.
Bullying among Korean Adolescents: The Role of Empathy and Attachment.

In efforts to increase the field and society's understanding of bullying, the authors investigated how various forms of attachment (mother, peer, and school) are directly and indirectly related to bullying behavior through empathy, and whether these relationships are moderated by gender. Adolescents, of grades 7 through 9, from one middle school in Seoul were surveyed. Using structural equation modeling, the study identified significant gender differences in the direct and indirect effects of attachment on bullying behavior. For male students, greater school attachment was directly related to less bullying behavior and maternal and peer attachment had indirect effects on bullying behavior, mediated by student cognitive empathy. For female students greater maternal attachment was directly related to less bullying behavior, and peer attachment had an indirect effect on bullying behavior, mediated by student affective empathy. The study provides evidence supporting increased emphasis on empathy development in bullying prevention programs.
Leadership Development Using Three Modes of Educational Delivery: Online, Blended and Face to Face

The use of information communication technology (ICT) to deliver educational programs is now well established in the higher education sector (Ellis, Ginns et al. 2009). Learning management systems have also evolved significantly over the past ten years and enrolments in online education programs have increased significantly. For example, growth rates in online enrolments in higher education have increased up to 3550 per cent (Sun, Tsai et al. 2008) and continue to grow. During 2007 – 2008, online course enrolments in the United States of America increased by 12.9 per cent in excess of total higher education student enrolments (Baker 2010). With the advent of WEB 2.0 technology, virtual interaction with students has become significantly easier (Halsne and Gatta 2002) and this enhanced interactivity will no doubt strongly influence enrolment growth in online education.
Why Are the Longest Insurgencies Low Violence? Politician Motivations, Sons of the Soil, and Civil War Duration

There is a puzzle yet unanswered by theorists of civil war – why are the longest insurgencies low levels of violence? I argue that medium capacity states with multiple insurgencies tend to choose a counter insurgency strategy of containment vis-à-vis peripheral sons of the soil insurgencies, causing them to become stalemated low scale conflicts. While the current literature focuses on commitment problems, or low state capacity to explain such persistent low intensity insurgencies, my theory suggests that central politicians of these medium capacity states try to follow a policy of containment, particularly vis-à-vis the peripheral ethnic ‘sons of the soil’ insurgencies which are of low priority in terms of threat to political survival of these central politicians. The theory is tested on the Fearon (2004) data-set, and shows that those medium capacity states with multiple conflicts and sons of the soil insurgencies tend to have these low intensity long lasting insurgencies. This paper contributes to the literature on civil war duration, and also to the literature on sons of the soil conflicts. It investigates the different conditions under which state elites do not have sufficient incentives to try and eliminate rebels, because it is unacceptably costly to do so.
The diversity of school organizational configurations

School reform on a large scale has largely been unsuccessful. Approaches designed to document and understand the variety of organizational conditions that comprise our school systems are needed so that reforms can be tailored and results scaled. Therefore, this article develops a configurational framework that allows a systematic analysis of many school organizational forms. The approach is adapted from the logic of Charles Ragin's comparative method and qualitative comparative analysis; it allows researchers to analyse many schools while still preserving them as holistic entities. Each school is depicted as a particular constellation of coordination and control elements, and these configurations are linked to important instructional patterns. To demonstrate the approach, data on the elementary schools in the Chicago Public School (CPS) system are analysed. The distribution of the different configurations that comprise CPS is documented, and multiple regressions of the configurations indicate their varied instructional patterns. The results show that CPS schools exhibit a wide variety of organizational configurations, and these different configurations vary in patterned ways with respect to instructional coherence and academic achievement. Implications for tailoring reform efforts to distinct groups of schools so that results can be scaled are discussed.
Evaluating the Effectiveness of Peer-Scheduled Practice on Motor Learning

Giving learners a choice over how to schedule practice benefits motor learning. Here we studied peer scheduling to determine whether this benefit is related to the adaptive nature of practice or decisions about how to switch between skills. Forty-eight participants were paired and assigned to self- or peer-scheduled groups. Within each pair, one person (Actor) physically practiced 3 keystroke sequences, each with different timing goals. Self-scheduled Actors chose the sequence before each practice trial while their Partner watched. Peer-scheduled Actors had their practice directed by their Partner. Both peer schedulers and self-schedulers showed performance-dependent practice, making decisions to switch based on timing error. However, peer schedulers generally chose to switch more than self-schedulers although this was not related to retention for either group. Importantly, self-scheduled Actors did not differ in retention from peer-scheduled Actors, but the Actors generally performed with lower error in .
The calculation of business, or the business of calculation? Accounting as organizing through everyday communication

This article examines the language of numbers as it is used in talk within a contemporary organization to provide a better understanding of the ways speech acts, performed during the construction of accounts, contribute to the process of organizing. Based on an in-depth case study of the site budgetary control process in a French construction firm, it shows that the business of doing calculations through talk generates respective obligations and, in turn, plays a central role in the constitution of the organization. Hence, this article shows how accounting, in all of its manifestations, produces the organization and does not simply occur within it.
Identifying Segment Topics in Medical Dictations

In this paper, we describe the use of lexical and semantic features for topic classification in dictated medical reports. First, we employ SVM classification to assign whole reports to coarse work-type categories. Afterwards, text segments and their topic are identified in the output of automatic speech recognition. This is done by assigning work-type-specific topic labels to each word based on features extracted from a sliding context window, again using SVM classification utilizing semantic features. Classifier stacking is then used for a posteriori error correction, yielding a further improvement in classification accuracy.
Effect of indoor wall climbing on self-efficacy and self-perceptions of children with special needs.

The impact of a six-week indoor wall climbing on the perceptions of self for children with special needs aged 6-12 years was explored. Participants (n = 46) were randomly assigned to the intervention (girls, n = 4; boys, n = 19) and control groups (girls, n = 5; boys, n = 18). Belayers' and children's perceptions of efficacy were measured using specifically designed questionnaires and perceptions of competence and global self-worth were measured using Harter's (1985) Self-Perception Profile for Children for participants with an adaptive age of 8 years or higher. Children's self-efficacy and belayers' ratings of children's efficacy improved significantly, t(21) = 3.9, p = . 001, d= . 84 and F(2, 44) = 30.03, p < . 001, respectively. The children's judgments of their athletic and social competence and global self-worth, however, did not change over time or differ from the wait-listed control group (p > .05). These results suggest that it is likely that many experiences that enhance self-efficacy may be needed to improve self-perceptions.
Beyond the census. Reconstructing Dutch women's labour market participation in agriculture in the Netherlands, ca. 1830–1910

Many historians have pointed out for various countries that nineteenth-century national censuses do not accurately reflect women's economic activity. This was no different for the Dutch national censuses. In this article, we argue that under-recording was especially severe in agriculture, and that this problem increased towards the end of the century. The rise in under-recording was partly due to an increased irregularity of women's work on farms, but it also reflected changing living standards and ideologies, in which work was increasingly defined as undesirable for women. In relative terms, agriculture did become less important to men and women alike because of mechanization and industrialization. Nevertheless, agriculture continued to employ many women, especially married women and daughters working on their husbands' and fathers' farms. By offering additional source material and methods for estimating women's labour force participation in agriculture on a regional level, such as relating their occupational status to their husbands', and estimating the number of days worked, we aim to offer an enhanced methodology for gauging the work of women in agriculture, which may be applied to future research.
Conhecimentos técnicos, políticas públicas e participação: o caso do Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (Conama)

O artigo explora a relacao entre as esferas politica e tecnica nos conselhos gestores de politicas ambientais no Brasil, com base em pesquisa realizada junto ao Conselho Nacional do Meio Ambiente (Conama). A literatura sobre conselhos enfatiza que a presenca dos conhecimentos especializados pode gerar relacoes assimetricas de poder entre os atores, favorecendo o dominio do processo politico e deliberativo por setores mais capacitados. A partir disso, a presenca dos conhecimentos tecnicos nos conselhos poderia levar a uma despolitizacao desses espacos, que seria demonstrada pelo uso de termos e expedientes tecnicocientificos, juridicos e burocraticos que esvaziariam a funcao politica dos conselhos. Conforme os obstaculos apontados, a literatura advoga que devem ser feitos esforcos no sentido de uma reducao dos expedientes tecnicos em favor de uma repolitizacao desses espacos. Os resultados do estudo aqui desenvolvido confirmam parcialmente os elementos presentes na literatura. A conclusao aponta que os conhecimentos especializados sao um elemento inerente ao funcionamento dos conselhos ambientais. O esvaziamento do elemento tecnico poderia gerar prejuizo no que se refere a qualidade dos atos e deliberacoes emanadas no Conama, gerando prejuizos para o aparato legal da legislacao ambiental brasileira, com reflexos negativos na implementacao de politicas publicas.
Explicitness and Conservation: Social Class Differences

The performance of 5-, 6-, 7-, and 8-year-old children in liquid conservation tasks was studied in four conditions. In the first two conditions (Standard and Incidental) the initial comparison in the task was made perceptually. In the other two conditions (Quantity and Money) the child was not allowed to make a direct perceptual comparison and the initial comparison was made by measurement. The children did much better when they measured the quantities than when they simply made perceptual comparisons, and this effect was stronger with working class children than with middle class children. Contrary to previous reports, there was no difference between the Standard and the Incidental conditions. We conclude that children in general, and working class children in particular, are helped when the nature of the task is made more explicit.