Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Erdős‐Sós Conjecture for trees of diameter four

The Erdős‐Sós Conjecture is that a finite graph G with average degree greater than k − 2 contains every tree with k vertices. Theorem 1 is a special case: every k‐vertex tree of diameter four can be embedded in G. A more technical result, Theorem 2, is obtained by extending the main ideas in the proof of Theorem 1. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 49: 291–301, 2005
Location Factors for Non-Ferrous Exploration Investments

This paper analyzes the relative importance of geological potential and investment climate for nonferrous minerals exploration investments. The analysis is based on log-linear and truncated models of exploration funding with geological potential and investment environment as location factors. In order to account for countries sizes, we include the population variable. Models are estimated using the Metals Economics Group’s exploration expenditures data, one measure of geological potential, and one indicator of investment climate. Our analysis shows that exploration does not simply follow geological potential. The investment environment plays a significant role in allocating exploration budgets by mining companies. This result confirms that a mineral rich country cannot expect large amounts of exploration money without establishing a favorable investment climate.
Journal of Knowledge Management Knowledge management driven firm performance : the roles of business process capabilities and organizational learning

Knowledge management driven firm performance: the roles of business process capabilities and organizational learning Ing-Long Wu Jian-Liang Chen Article information: To cite this document: Ing-Long Wu Jian-Liang Chen , (2014),"Knowledge management driven firm performance: the roles of business process capabilities and organizational learning", Journal of Knowledge Management, Vol. 18 Iss 6 pp. 1141 1164 Permanent link to this document: http://dx.doi. org/10.1108/JKM-05-2014-0192
The genus Pleurotus in Argentina

Macro- and micromorphological characters of specimens of the genus Pleurotus (Fr.) P. Kumm. in Argentina obtained in the field and from different national herbaria were analyzed. Cultivation techniques were used to obtain basidiomata, allowing for a macro- and micromorphological study of fresh developing fruit bodies. We concluded that in Argentina there are, so far, six species, namely P. albidus, P. cystidiosus, P. ostreatus, P. pulmonarius, P. rickii and P. djamor, the latter with three varieties: var. djamor, var. cyathiformis and var. roseus.
Cremona transformations with an invariant rational sextic

I t is well known that a Cremona transformation T with ten or fewer jF-points will transform a rational sextic S into a rational sextic S' when the F-points of T are all located at the nodes of S. I have shown (cf. [ l ] , p. 248, (9); [2], p. 255, (5)) that, even though the number of transformations T of the type indicated is infinite, the transforms S' are all included in 2 • 31 -51 classes, the members of any one class being all protectively equivalent and a member of one class being projectively distinct from a member of another class. The sextic 5 itself is in one of these classes, T being then the identity. If S' is in the same class as 5, and if C is the collineation which carries S' into 5, then TC is a Cremona transformation of the same type as T which transforms S into itself. There is thus an infinite group of Cremona transformations which carry 5 into itself. If / is a parameter on 5, the effect of an element of such a group on the points of 5 is represented by
Managing culture change: can it ever be ethical?

Considers corporate culture management as an area where ethical concern and analysis has been weak. Examines justification of corporate culture management as an essential ingredient for corporate success, and finds little evidence to support a consequentialist ethic. Proceeds to identify areas where ethical issues might arise in the process of corporate culture change, particularly the role of change agents, and the ethical outcomes of the “unfreeze‐change‐refreeze” process. Illustrates these by reference to two case studies of corporate culture change programmes. Finally, concludes with reflection on potential ethical frameworks for the interpretation and guidance of corporate culture management initiatives. Makes a case for communitarian ethics, and outlines their implications for culture management.
Surveying the agrarian question (part 1): unearthing foundations, exploring diversity

This two-part article surveys the origin, development, and current meaning of the ‘agrarian question’. Part one of the survey explores the history of the agrarian question, elaborating its origin in the work of Marx, Engels, Kautsky, and Lenin, and its development in the work of Preobrazhensky, Dobb, Brenner, and others. Part two of the survey identifies seven current variants of the agrarian question and critically interrogates these variants in order to understand whether, and if so, how, the location of small-scale petty commodity food and farm production within contemporary capitalism has been reconfigured during the era of neoliberal globalisation. Together, the two parts of the survey argue that the agrarian question continues to offer a rigorously flexible framework by which to undertake a historically-informed and country-specific analysis of the material conditions governing rural production, reproduction, and the process of agrarian accumulation or its lack thereof, a process that can now be located within the law of value and market imperatives that operate on a world scale.
Multiple-Locus Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Assay Analysis of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strains

ABSTRACT Our objective was to determine if a multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat assay (MLVA) for Staphylococcus aureus could predict pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) types (i.e., USA types), thus allowing us to replace PFGE with a simpler and more rapid typing method. One hundred three well-characterized isolates representing 13 major lineages of S. aureus were tested by both PFGE and MLVA. MLVA was performed using a rapid DNA extraction technique and PCR primers for sdrCDE, clfA, clfB, sspA, and spa. PFGE was performed with genomic DNA fragments generated using SmaI, as per CDC protocols. Banding patterns were analyzed both visually and with BioNumerics software. All isolates were typeable with MLVA and PFGE. MLVA patterns were highly reproducible. PFGE separated the isolates into 13 types with 42 subtypes. Using any band difference to designate a novel MLVA type, MLVA produced 45 types, including 9 clusters containing multiple isolates. Using BioNumerics and a cutoff of >75% relatedness, MLVA produced 28 types, 11 of which contained >1 isolate. Epidemiologically related outbreak isolates of USA300-0114 from five states clustered in one MLVA pattern. USA100 isolates were present in several unrelated (<40%) MLVA types. A cutoff of >80% separated outbreak strains of USA300-0114 into three distinct MLVA types. MLVA did not differentiate community methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) lineages (USA300, USA400, USA1000, and USA1100) from health care MRSA lineages (USA100, USA200, or USA500). The ability of MLVA to differentiate among strains that are indistinguishable by PFGE may be of epidemiologic value and warrants further study.
Performance management practices and managed performance: the moderating influence of organisational culture and climate in public universities in Uganda

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to explore and explain the existence and implementation of performance management practices in four public universities in Uganda.Design/methodology/approach – A mixed‐method study approach (qualitative and quantitative) was adopted. A sample of 900 employees was drawn using a disproportionate stratified purposive sampling approach that yielded a 53 per cent response rate. Of the participants, 12 were purposively selected from top management members and interviewed using a semi‐structured interview guide. Using Nvivo software and Miles and Huberman approaches, interview data were managed and analysed.Findings – Qualitative data results revealed that employees in public universities built relationships, utilised available resources, adapted to external environment, set goals and targets. This was made possible through planning, mobilising resources, problem solving, evaluating performance and adopting ICT to deliver cost‐effective quality services/products. The hypo.
THE PSYCHOLOGICAL OWNERSHIP OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ORGANIZATIONS: THEORETICAL AND MODEL DEVELOPMENT

ABSTRACT In entrepreneurship theory, ownership is most often associated with the amount of equity controlled by an individual entrepreneur. However, several scholars acknowledge that feelings of ownership often exist in the absence of objective control. As such, we explore emerging literature on psychological ownership to provide a theoretical basis for explaining how the psychological state of ownership can persist apart from the amount of equity an entrepreneur controls. Specifically, we show how key determinants of psychological ownership interact and relate to specific entrepreneurship processes, develop a theoretical model, and examine the contribution of this work back to the psychological ownership literature. Several empirical implications of our model and directions for future research are discussed as well. INTRODUCTION Prior studies on entrepreneurial ownership have generally considered ownership to be an equity-based notion referring to the percentage of equity a given stakeholder has in the firm. Several theoretical perspectives have been used to facilitate our understanding of the entrepreneurial process from an equity-based perspective. For example, agency theory (Jensen & Meckling, 1976) has been used to address the misalignment between entrepreneurs and hired managers. This perspective suggests that the best way to resolve the agency problem is to optimize both the compensation contract and the agent’s equity ownership (Audretsch, Lehmann, & Plummer, 2009). Transaction cost economics scholars focus on the efficient governance between the founder and other partners or stakeholders. Several scholars (e.g. Katila, Rosenberger & Eisenhardt, 2008) have examined this decision when the firm seeks capital; thereby entering into an equity relationship with either an equity investor or an acquiring firm. However, both of these perspectives focus solely on equity ownership without consideration to other avenues of ownership even though many scholars have noted that founders of firms often have a strong psychological tie to the venture in which they have created (Cardon, Zietsma, Saparito, Matherne, & Davis, 2005). In order to better examine entrepreneurial ownership we use the emerging literature on psychological ownership to explain how ownership can exist apart from the equity controlled. We contribute not only to the entrepreneurship literature, but also back to the psychological ownership perspective because we propose that the causal determinants of psychological ownership (control, intimate knowledge, and self-investment) are complementary rather than additive. This has important implications because the synergistic effect between any two factors may result in high 1Townsend et al.: PSYCHOLOGICAL OWNERSHIP OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ORGANIZATIONSFrontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 2009
Supporting Ethnic Minority Business: A Review of Business Support for Ethnic Minorities in City Challenge Areas

In England, the use of targeted training and employment initiatives directed at particular localities, particular sectors of the local economy or particular social groups characterised both mainstream urban regeneration initiatives of the early and mid-1990s, such as Training and Enterprise Councils (TECs), and special urban regeneration initiatives, such as City Challenge and the Single Regeneration Budget Challenge Fund (SRBCF). This paper focuses specifically on business support for ethnic minority groups in City Challenge areas.
Uncertainty, Risk-Neutral Measures and Security Price Booms and Crashes

Abstract This paper provides a general analysis of intertemporal utility based on the multiple-priors model of aversion to "Knightian" uncertainty. Then the existence of equilibrium is proven for a representative agent security market model. It is shown that uncertainty aversion can invalidate the existence of a risk-neutral measure representation for prices. In addition, an example suggests an intriguing link between uncertainty aversion and the possibility of abrupt changes in security prices. The analysis relies heavily on a Fubini-type theorem for analytic functions due to Dellacherie and Meyer, (= Probabilities and Potential C, North-Holland, New York, 1988). Journal of Economic Literature Classification Numbers: G12, D81, D90.
The provision of non-audit services and the pricing of audit fees

There have been a number of studies examining audit fees and this research has covered various nations. Recent legislation in Norway requires a company to disclose information on the audit fee and the fees for non-audit services paid to its auditor. Using this data, models of audit fee structure are developed. As with other studies, the size of the company is a major determinant of the audit fee. Payments for non-audit services are positively and significantly associated with audit fees; this relationship is difficult to explain although it parallels some research in the United States. Overall, the models explain about 75 per cent of the variability in audit fees. Copyright Blackwell Publishers Ltd 1997.
Critical surveys edited by Stephen Roper innovation and space: A critical review of the literature

Simmie J. (2005) Innovation and space: a critical review of the literature. Regional Studies 39 , 789–804. This review examines the relationships between innovation and space. It does so by tracing the historical development of innovation theory and its subsequent linking at different stages with spatial and agglomeration theory in order to provide explanations about why the firms, organizations and institutions located in a minority of city‐regions generate so much more innovation than those in the majority of cities. It addresses the key question about why a relative handful of city‐regions are home to higher absolute and relative concentrations of innovation than most other types of area.
Economic recession and investment on human resource information systems (HRIS): Perspectives on some South African firms

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of an economic recession on human resource information systems (HRIS) investment decisions by asking: Are there high levels of disinvestment in HRIS during a recession? Are there low levels of trust and confidence in HRIS during a recession? Could there be an absence of concerted commitment in leveraging technology, even in the face of an economic crunch? Design/methodology/approach – An HRIS impact questionnaire was used, targeting human resource and financial managers. The data obtained were analyzed using Statistical Programme for Social Sciences (SPSS). Findings – The findings suggest that while a recession is acknowledged, the continued use of HRIS is not considered a risk factor that warrants cost cutting.Originality/value – This is an original study. It will add value by indicating to management the significance of strategic decision making. The study also points out the need for further research in order to make more sense of certain varia.
Strategies for Managing Heparin Therapy in Patients with Antiphospholipid Antibody Syndrome

Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS) is a common acquired thrombophilia. The diagnosis of APS is based on both clinical and laboratory criteria. The clinical criteria include vascular thrombosis or pregnancy morbidity. The laboratory criteria include a positive test for lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies, or anti–β2‐glycoprotein I (anti‐β2GPI) antibodies on two or more occasions at least 12 weeks apart. Antiphospholipid antibodies with lupus anticoagulant activity may prolong phospholipid‐dependent coagulation tests such as the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) and the activated clotting time (ACT). This prolongation adds a level of complexity to monitoring heparin therapy in patients with APS who have thrombosis. A literature search of the PubMed database was conducted for relevant articles published from 1995‐April 2011. The usual management approach in nonsurgical patients with APS is to switch to low‐molecular‐weight heparin. In patients in whom heparin remains the agent of choice, management options include monitoring heparin antifactor Xa levels, determining an individualized therapeutic aPTT range, targeting an aPTT goal of 2 times the baseline aPTT, or using an aPTT reagent insensitive to lupus anticoagulant. An algorithm for anticoagulation management in nonsurgical patients with APS who require heparin is provided. The strategies to monitor intraoperative heparin in patients undergoing cardiac surgery include measuring heparin concentrations by an automated protamine titration device, targeting twice the baseline ACT, using preoperative in vitro heparin‐ACT titration curves, and measuring heparin antifactor Xa levels. The available published case reports on the use of these strategies are reviewed. Each institution should determine an approach to managing heparin in patients with APS that best meets its needs and resources.
How Effective are Public Policies to Increase Health Insurance Coverage Among Young Adults

This paper assesses the impact of policies to increase insurance coverage for young adults. The introduction of SCHIP in 1997 enabled low-income teens up to age 19 to gain access to public health insurance. More recent policies enabled young adults between the ages of 19 and (typically) 24 to remain covered under their parents' health insurance. We use the discrete break in coverage at age 19 to evaluate the impact of SCHIP, and quasi-experimental variation to evaluate the impact of "extended parental coverage" laws. Our results suggest that both types of policies were effective at increasing health insurance coverage. (JEL G22, H75, I18, J13)
Maintenance and changing masculinities as sources of gender conflict in contemporay (sic) Johannesburg.

ii Declaration.iii Dedication . iv Acknowledgements . v List of Tables . x List of Abbreviations.xi Chapter One: Introduction . 1 Chapter Two: Literature Review and Theoretical Framework . 9 2.
Analytical Effectiveness of Mathematical Models for R&D Project Selection

Four mathematical programming models for R&D project selection and funding are developed, based on similar models and results in the literature. Project selection and funding decision planning data for thirty actual R&D projects are collected and the models are used with these data to ascertain which of the available projects to select and how much to spend on them. The portfolios prescribed by each model are compared with a prorata benchmark allocation, an ex post optimum allocation based on the success/fail project outcomes and the allocations actually used by management. The results indicate that these models may be effective decision aids when used at appropriate project life cycle periods, with the choice of the particular model form being influenced by the manager's objectives and viewpoints of the project selection problem.
Wellness Tourism in China: Resources, Development and Marketing

China's natural and cultural resources are the foremost offerings of the country's wellness tourism sector. Although wellness tourism in China is in its infancy, it can offer new opportunities in, and strengthen the overall competitiveness of, China's tourism industry. To achieve this, the assessment and development of wellness tourism resources in China are required. This study examines the potential for wellness tourism development in terms of resources and promotion from the point of view of wellness tourism experts. It surveys professionals working in tourism, health and education in China. The results reveal that environmental assets, including fresh air, clean water and natural features, are considered the most important attributes for the development of wellness tourism in China and that the promotion of wellness tourism can best be achieved through advertising in mass media, governmental support and organizing new regional events. The study implications and future research directions are discussed. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
In-vitro Anthelmintic Activity of Methanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Achyranthes aspera linn. (Amaranthaceae) Stems

The Anthelmintic activities of methanolic and aqueous extracts of stems of Achyranthes aspera linn. were evaluated separately on Indian adult earthworms Pheretima posthuma (Annelida). For this work the stems were extracted separately with methanol and distilled water by following maceration method. Various concentrations (2.5, 5, 10, 20 mg/ml) of each extract were tested for anthelmintic activity which involved the determination of time of paralysis and time of death of the worms. The phytochemical screening of the crude extract showed the presence of saponins A and B, terpenoids, volatile oils. All extracts were able to show anthelmintic activity at all concentrations. The activities are well comparable with the standard drug, Albendazole as positive control. All the methanolic extracts showed better anthelmintic activity than the standard drug as well as the aqueous extract. Tween 20 (1%) with saline was used as negative control, did not showed any anthelmintic activity.
Comparison of Conventional Papanicolaou Smears and a Fluid‐Based, Thin‐Layer System for Cervical Cancer Screening

Objective To compare the cytologic diagnoses and specimen adequacy of a fluid-based, thin-layer preparation and conventional Papanicolaou tests. Methods A total of 7360 women from six separate sites—three screening centers and three hospitals—participated in split-sample/matched-pair, double-masked clinical trials. A conventional Papanicolaou test was performed, after which residual material on the sampling device was rinsed into a fluid preservative from which a thin-layer slide (ThinPrep) was prepared using the ThinPrep 2000 automated slide processor (Cytyc Corp., Boxborough, MA). Conventional and ThinPrep slides were read independently. Cytologic diagnoses and specimen adequacy were classified using the Bethesda system. Results For the three screening centers, 65% more diagnoses of low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and higher were made on the ThinPrep slides (P <.001); for the three hospital centers, 6% more of these diagnoses were made with the ThinPrep method (P = .294). Comparison of specimen adequacy showed a significant increase in satisfactory specimens and a reduction in the number of “satisfactory but limited by” specimens using the ThinPrep method (P <.001). Conclusion The fluid-based, ThinPrep method of sample preparation resulted in a statistically significant increase in cytologic diagnosis of cervical cancer precursors and in specimen adequacy compared with the conventional Papanicolaou testing method.