Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Power, Status, and Abuse at Work: General and Sexual Harassment Compared

Workplace harassment can be devastating for employees and damaging for organizations. In this article, we expand the literature by identifying common and distinct processes related to general workplace harassment and workplace sexual harassment. Using both structural equation modeling and in-depth case immersion, we analyze content-coded data from the full population of workplace ethnographies—ethnographies that provide in-depth information on the nature and causes of both general and sexual harassment that would otherwise be difficult to gather. Importantly, both forms of harassment emerge in settings characterized by physically demanding work and minority work groups. In such contexts, both general and sexual harassment enforce formal and informal status hierarchies and social exclusion. Grievance mechanisms and “team models” of workplace organization reduce sexual harassment but have no effect on general harassment. We conclude with a discussion of theoretical, legal, and policy implications for identifying and remedying harassment as a widespread and devastating form of inequality and social exclusion in organizations.
Tolerance to the discriminative stimulus and reinforcing effects of ketamine

In order to examine whether tolerance develops to the discriminative stimulus and reinforcing effects of ketamine, rats were trained either to discriminate ketamine (10 mg/kg) from saline or to self-administer ketamine (1.1 mg/kg/injection), and then treated with chronic ketamine (32 rag/kg), administered i.p. every 8 hours for 7 days. No shift in the dose-response curve for either paradigm was obtained following this chronic regimen. However, following a 2-week rest period in which animals had no exposure to ketamine, the dose-response curve was shifted two-fold to the left, indicating increased sensitivity to the drug. Reinstatement of training shifted the dose-response curve back to the right in both paradigms. These results suggest that tolerance to the discriminative stimulus and reinforcing effects of ketamine develops during training. Examination of the self-administration training data support this assumption, since inter-reinforcer time decreases, reflecting an increase in ketamine intake over training sessions.
Query Analytics over Probabilistic Databases with Unmerged Duplicates

Recent entity resolution approaches exhibit benefits when addressing the problem through unmerged duplicates: instances describing real-world objects are not merged based on apriori thresholds or human intervention, instead relevant resolution information is employed for evaluating resolution decisions during query processing using “possible worlds” semantics. In this paper, we present the first known approach for efficiently handling complex analytical queries over probabilistic databases with unmerged duplicates. We propose the ENTITY-JOIN operator that allows expressing complex aggregation and iceberg/top-k queries over joins between tables with unmerged duplicates and other database tables. Our technical content includes a novel indexing structure for efficient access to the entity resolution information and novel techniques for the efficient evaluation of complex probabilistic queries that retrieve analytical and summarized information over a (potentially, huge) collection of possible resolution worlds. Our extensive experimental evaluation verifies the benefits of our approach.
Personality features of patients with primary affective disorder

personality variables were assessed in outpatients with primary affective disorder by use of the Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI) and the Marke Nyman Temperament Scale (MNTS). Significant differences between diagnostic groups were initially noted for the extraversion and neuroticism scales of the MPI. However, when mood was more rigorously controlled for, these differences largely disappeared, while interdiagnostic differences for the solidity scale of the MNTS emerged. The findings suggest that these measured aspects of personality may be quite state (mood) dependent even when patients are given test instructions previously reported to minimize mood effects. This was born out in a follow‐up study for the N scale, but not the E scale, of the MPI. These data indicate that assessment of neutroticism in affectively ill patients will be contaminated by the presence of even mild depressive symptoms, a finding that has important implications for studies of personality in affective disorder.
The Ties that Divide: Regional Press Campaigns, Community and Populism

Increasingly under corporate ownership, UK city evening papers are seen as potentially very profitable. Achieving maximum sales, however, requires reaching an audience which is socially, demographically and culturally increasingly diverse. The newspapers must produce a flow of locality-based news in a context where the locus of political and economic decisions is becoming more centralized and globalized. It is argued that the currently favoured solution to this dilemma, campaigning, holds real risks for the quality of public debate. Campaigns tend to be framed in common-sense populist terms. At best, readers are addressed as consumers rather than responsible citizens; at worst, an indefensible `outsider' is mobilized to consolidate the shaky coalition of `insiders'.
Sport Stereotypes and Gender

Two samples were used to assess the sex linkage of a wide range of sports. One sample rated each of 68 sports (Matteo, 1984) on perceived acceptability and likelihood of participation for both females and males. The other judged the same 68 sports for masculinity-femininity and perceived complexity. Additionally, all 68 sports were compared to Metheny's (1965) physical activities criteria for perceived appropriateness for female participation. Results indicated that masculinity-femininity judgments were similar to those obtained by Matteo (1984) and that correlations of sex linkage of sport with acceptability and likelihood of participation were high, especially for judgments about female participants. Agreement between sex-type categories for sports and Metheny's (1965) criteria was most consistent for sports receiving either the most extreme masculine or most extreme feminine ratings. It appears that perceptions of the masculinity or femininity of sports are influenced by the gender of who actually part.
Is there a place for emotions within leadership preparation programmes

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the argument that leadership preparation programmes in the new millennium should be required to train school leaders emotionally as well as cognitively. A number of scholars have stressed that leaders are increasingly working within roles that are politically sensitive, conflicted and complex, resulting in role anxiety, emotional stress, and professional burnout. Principals and vice‐principals are frustrated because they are being forced to manage the marketplace, curriculum change, and governance factors with an increased emphasis on accountability, marketability, and globalisation, often at the expense of their primary role as educators.Design/methodology/approach – Such a discussion is framed within a sociological perspective of emotions and presents the importance of acknowledging the primacy of school leaders' emotions in leadership preparation programs.Findings – Sociological aspects of emotions are examined within a context of the globalisation, mar.
Field Investigations of Glyphosate in Urine of Danish Dairy Cows

In the present study, thirty dairy cows from each of eight Danish dairy farms were investigated for excretion of glyphosate in urine. Blood serum parameters indicative of cytotoxicity as alkaline phosphatase (AP), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH), glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT), creatinine kinase CK), nephrotoxicity, (urea, creatine), cholesterol and the trace elements as manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), selenium (Se), copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) were investigated. All cows excreted glyphosate in their urine but in varying concentrations. Increased levels of GLDH, GOT and CK in cows from all farms demonstrate a possible effect of glyphosate on liver and muscle cells. High urea levels in some farms could be due to nephrotoxicity of glyphosate. Also the unexpected very low levels of Mn and Co were observed in all animals which could be explained due to a strong mineral chelating effect of glyphosate. In contrast the mean levels of Cu, Zn and Se were within the normal reference range. In conclusion, this study gives the first documentation to which extent Danish dairy cattle are exposed to Glyphosate and its impact on blood parameters.
Measuring the outcomes of information literacy: Perception vs evidence-based data

This paper emphasizes the significance of using evidence-based data (EBD) in measuring the outcomes of Information Literacy programs. The paper highlights the differences between data collected from evidence which is based on the actual performance of individuals who have gone through IL programs, as opposed to just perception-based data (PBD) which is predicated primarily on opinions (whether laymen or experts). The author contends that the outcomes of IL programs can be better measured based on the tangible performance of individuals who have completed an IL program, rather than by the perceptions of students or librarians. Evidence-based data are particularly useful for managers because they provide concrete evidences about specific areas of strengths and weaknesses that need improvement, and/or are otherwise valuable in planning and implementing IL programs in general.
A Social Identity Model of Deindividuation Phenomena

This chapter challenges traditional models of deindividuation. These are based on the assumption that such factors as immersion in a group and anonymity lead to a loss of selfhood and hence of control over behaviour. We argue that such models depend upon an individualistic conception of the self, viewed as a unitary construct referring to that which makes individuals unique. This is rejected in favour of the idea that self can be defined at various different levels including the categorical self as well as the personal self. Hence a social identity model of deindividuation (SIDE) is outlined. Evidence is presented to show that deindividuation manipulations gain effect, firstly, through the ways in which they affect the salience of social identity (and hence conformity to categorical norms) and, secondly, through their effects upon strategic considerations relating to the expression of social identities. We conclude that the classic deindividuation paradigm of anonymity within a social group, far from lead.
Human monoclonal rheumatoid factors derived from the polyclonal repertoire of rheumatoid synovial tissue: production and characterization.

A panel of 20 human monoclonal antibodies was produced from cells derived from the synovial tissue of two rheumatoid arthritis patients and one polyarticular juvenile rheumatoid arthritis patient. Fourteen IgM monoclonal antibodies were classical rheumatoid factors (RFs) with specificities restricted to IgG and included twelve kappa and two lambda proteins. Two of them were pan-specific for IgG and reacted with all four human subclasses. Nine showed the Ga specificity, i.e. they reacted with IgG1, IgG2 and IgG4 subclass proteins. Two showed the 'new Ga-related' specificity, i.e. they reacted with IgG1, IgG2 and IgG4 subclass proteins, and also with the Ge3m(st) allotype proteins. One RF demonstrated an anti-G3m(u) anti-allotypic specificity. Five IgM(lambda) monoclonal antibodies and one IgM(kappa) monoclonal antibody demonstrated polyreactivity against various antigens including DNA, human thyroglobulin, human serum albumin and tetanus toxoid.
Study goals and procrastination tendencies at different stages of the undergraduate degree

Study goals and effective management of study time are both linked to academic success for undergraduates. Mastery goals in particular are associated with study enjoyment and positive educational outcomes such as conceptual change. Conversely, poor self-regulation, in the form of procrastination, is linked to a range of negative study behaviours. Many researchers have treated goal orientations and procrastination tendency as stable traits and few have examined differences across academic levels. This study reports a cross-sectional measure of study goal orientation and procrastination tendency profiles at different academic levels on two undergraduate programmes. Findings concur with other studies in revealing a significant decline in mastery goals, particularly between the first and second years of study. Procrastination tendency is significantly higher in the second year. Potential causes of these differences and their implications are discussed, alongside considerations for positive learning environments.
Is the Glass Ceiling a Unique Form of Inequality?

A recent paper by Cotter, Hermsen, Ovadia, and Vanneman explicates four criteria for distinguishing the glass ceiling as a unique form of inequality. First, a glass ceiling exists when artificial barriers impede the advancement of women and minorities, and second, these barriers are more severe at higher occupational levels. Third, the glass ceiling must be investigated with longitudinal data, and fourth, a glass ceiling is manifested in increasing inequality over the life course. This paper extended these criteria by conducting a longitudinal analysis of managerial attainment (satisfying the second and third criteria). The presence of artificial barriers was assessed by estimating the salience of race and gender to the process of managerial attainment. Additional estimations showed that the gap in managerial attainment between White men and other groups grew over the life course. Thus, findings from this study do satisfy the Cotter et al. criteria regarding the existence and uniqueness of the glass ceiling. The paper concludes with a call for additional research.
The culture of mnemosyne: open‐book assessment and the theory and practice of legal education

The concept of open book assessment is inherently controversial, not least because it contradicts a basic condition of examinations, one so basic to the event that we rarely question it: the single confrontation of examinee with exam question, the element of isolated and unaided struggle Jacob wrestling with the mysterious Other. Surely it is cheating to allow texts into an exam-hall? What is the point of the exercise then?
THE DISTRIBUTION OF VALUES OF A CERTAIN CLASS OF ARITHMETIC FUNCTIONS AT CONSECUTIVE INTEGERS

The purpose of this paper is to study several aspects of the problem of the distribution of values of certain arithmetic functions, especially of the values at consecutive integers. Our main motivation is the function a(n), which represents the number of nonisomorphic Abelian groups with n elements. This is a well-known multiplicative function which satisfies atpa) =PhL where henceforth p will denote primes and P(k) will denote the number of (unrestricted) partitions of k. It is known that a(n) possesses a positive mean value, and more precisely one has
The Psychology of Gambling

An analysis of the gambling process, a review of gambling research, and a survey of philosophical, phenomenological, and theoretical interpretations of gambling suggest that the motives for gambling are highly complex. However, many similarities were found between anecdotal accounts of gamblers' experiences and the philosophical, phenomenological, and theoretical interpretations of the gambling process. Many of the research studies corroborated both the anecdotal accounts and the interpretations. The most fruitful and veridical findings seem to come from studies that recognized gambling as adult play. The significance of studying gambling as play readily revealed itself, and it is hoped that future research expands on the existential and transpersonal nature of this aspect of gambling. We have come a long way in increasing our knowledge of gambling since Bergler's original interpretation of gambling as psychic masochism. Gambling may be psychic masochism for some, but it is without doubt psychic play pleasure for the vast majority of persons who gamble.
Type Evolution and Instance Adaptation

Schema evolution support is an important facility for object-oriented database (OODB) systems. While existing OODB systems provide for limited forms of evolution, including modification to the database schema and reorganization of affected instances, we find their support insufficient. Specific deficiencies are 1) the lack of compatibility support for old applications, and 2) the lack of ability to install arbitrary changes upon the schema and database. This paper examines the limitations of existing schemes, and offers a more general framework for specifying and reasoning about the evolution of class definitions and the adaptation of existing, persistent instances to those new definitions.
Predicting the last zero of Brownian motion with drift

Given a standard Brownian motion with drift μ ∈ IR and letting g denote the last zero of before T, we consider the optimal prediction problem where the infimum is taken over all stopping times τ of B μ. Reducing the optimal prediction problem to a parabolic free-boundary problem and making use of local time-space calculus techniques, we show that the following stopping time is optimal: where the function t↦b − (t) is continuous and increasing on [0, T] with b − (T) = 0, the function t↦b +(t) is continuous and decreasing on [0, T] with b +(T) = 0, and the pair b − and b + can be characterised as the unique solution to a coupled system of nonlinear Volterra integral equations. This also yields an explicit formula for V * in terms of b − and b +. If μ = 0 then and there is a closed form expression for b ± as shown in Shiryaev (Theory Probab. Appl. in press) using the method of time change from Graversen et al. (2001, Theory Probab. Appl. 45, 125–136). The latter method cannot be extended to the case when μ ≠ 0 and the present paper settles the remaining cases using a different approach.
Regulation of somitogenesis by Ena/VASP proteins and FAK during Xenopus development

The metameric organization of the vertebrate body plan is established during somitogenesis as somite pairs sequentially form along the anteroposterior axis. Coordinated regulation of cell shape, motility and adhesion are crucial for directing the morphological segmentation of somites. We show that members of the Ena/VASP family of actin regulatory proteins are required for somitogenesis in Xenopus. Xenopus Ena (Xena) localizes to the cell periphery in the presomitic mesoderm (PSM), and is enriched at intersomitic junctions and at myotendinous junctions in somites and the myotome, where it co-localizes with β1-integrin, vinculin and FAK. Inhibition of Ena/VASP function with dominant-negative mutants results in abnormal somite formation that correlates with later defects in intermyotomal junctions. Neutralization of Ena/VASP activity disrupts cell rearrangements during somite rotation and leads to defects in the fibronectin (FN) matrix surrounding somites. Furthermore, inhibition of Ena/VASP function impairs FN matrix assembly, spreading of somitic cells on FN and autophosphorylation of FAK, suggesting a role for Ena/VASP proteins in the modulation of integrin-mediated processes. We also show that inhibition of FAK results in defects in somite formation, blocks FN matrix deposition and alters Xena localization. Together, these results provide evidence that Ena/VASP proteins and FAK are required for somite formation in Xenopus and support the idea that Ena/VASP and FAK function in a common pathway to regulate integrin-dependent migration and adhesion during somitogenesis.
Functional Autonomy GdlAm Protocol Classification Pattern in Elderly Women

Background: Functional autonomy is associated with activities of daily living (ADL), and a protocol measuring its patterns in elderly women is a welcome strategy for optimize their wellbeing. Objective: To establish a classification system of the GDLAM protocol - devised by the Group of Development Latin-American for Maturity (1) - for measuring functional autonomy in ADL in a group of elderly women stratified by age. Methods: involving 2158 volunteers elderly women randomly selected the study was conducted in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The elderly women performed the GDLAM protocol - a set of tests on main ADL movements - and had their scores stratified by age-bracket. The GDLAM Autonomy Index (AI) score was then calculated from these scores. Results: The Pearson Chi-square test between the AI score that was found via GDLAM formula and the AI score that was calculated via fuzzy classification method showed a significant association (p 0.85). Conclusion: The GDLAM protocol has shown evidence of validity to be properly utilized as an instrument to evaluate functional autonomy; it consistently classified the performance of ADL (adjusted by age) in our sample.
Te Iwi Maori: A New Zealand Population, Past, Present and Projected

This important new book gives a thorough and very interesting survey of the history of the Maori population from earliest times to the present, concentrating particularly on the demographic impact of European colonization. It also considers present and future population trends, many of which have major implications for social and resource policy. Among questions explored are the marked fertility decline of the 1970s, urbanization, emigration, especially to Australia, and regional population patterns.