Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“How Can You Deal With That?” Coping Strategies Among Young Residents of a Rural Community in New South Wales

Rather than presume to understand the ways in which young people think about and effectively resolve their problems, it is important to learn from their successes. Therefore, exploration into young people’s perspectives can provide valuable insight into how young people have made the transition into adulthood, negotiated their way through difficult issues and circumstances, and understood their social environments. This paper explores the concept of coping through interviews with 30 young people in a small, rural community in New South Wales, Australia. Young people identified their problems and coping strategies, and talked about how they understood and resolved issues. Young people did not feel that they could address problems with people in authority nor issues about their future. Generally, they were not effective in dealing with interpersonal relationships. This raises doubt about the coping strategies used by young people and their ability to employ effective problem-solving techniques.
In Vivo Proton Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Human Spinal Mass Lesions

Objective To observe metabolic differences between spinal tumor and other diseases in human spinal mass lesions, in vivo 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was attempted to obtain metabolic signals in patients with various spinal mass lesions. Methods 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra were obtained from 14 patients before surgery using a receive-only surface coil on a 1.5 T clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) unit. MRS findings were compared with the histopathologic results from biopsy. In addition, tumor spectra were compared with the spectra of other benign diseases including disc herniation, which can mimic spinal cord tumor. In vitro 1H-NMR spectra were also collected from perchloric acid extracts of some spinal tumors. Results Typical water resonance line widths were in the 6- to 10-Hz range, but the metabolic signals observed were sufficiently resolved to be assigned from comparison with the 1H spectra of brain tissue. Choline was detected in all tumor spectra (n = 6) except ependymoma, whereas it was absent in other benign diseases including disc herniation (mimicking spinal cord tumors), dermoid cyst, tuberculosis, and non–multiple sclerosis myelitis. Spectral patterns of meningiomas, schwannomas, metastasis from renal cell carcinoma, and ependymomas in the spinal cord were similar to those of central nervous system (CNS) tumors. It was not possible to observe distinctive metabolic differences between benign diseases owing to relatively larger line broadening of some signals compared with that in CNS tissue. Conclusions It appeared that acquisition of in vivo 1H-NMR signals was possible in human spinal mass lesions on a 1.5 T clinical MRI unit. Detection of choline only in the spinal tumors may indicate that there is some potential in using in vivo 1H-MRS to distinguish spinal tumors from disc herniation mimicking spinal cord tumors, non–multiple sclerosis myelitis, and dermoid cysts. On the basis of our NMR findings, however, it was not possible to distinguish between benign diseases.
General Relativistic Radiant Shock Waves in the Post-Quasistatic Approximation

An evolution of radiant shock wave front is considered in the framework of a recently presented method to study self-gravitating relativistic spheres, whose rationale becomes intelligible and finds full justification within the context of a suitable definition of the post-quasistatic approximation. The spherical matter configuration is divided into two regions by the shock and each side of the interface having a different equation of state and anisotropic phase. In order to simulate dissipation effects due to the transfer of photons and/or neutrinos within the matter configuration, we introduce the flux factor, the variable Eddington factor and a closure relation between them. As we expected the strong of the shock increases the speed of the fluid to relativistic ones and for some critical values is larger than light speed. In addition, we find that energy conditions are very sensible to the anisotropy, specially the strong energy condition. As a special feature of the model, we find that the contribution of the matter and radiation to the radial pressure are the same order of magnitude as in the mant as in the core, moreover, in the core radiation pressure is larger than matter pressure.
Effect of vasopressin on sodium excretion and plasma antinatriferic activity in the dog.

Vasopressin (VP) was administered for 1 h intravenously to hydropenic, anesthetized dogs in doses of 1.0-1.25 mU/kg per min. In 14 experiments, sodium excretion (UNA V) increased from a mean of 13 +/- 5 to a peak of 96 +/- 21 mueq/min 40 min after beginning infusion (P less than .001). Urine flow and potassium excretion increased from 0.18 +/-. 04 ml/min and 20 +/- 2 meuq/min to peak values of 0.6 +/- . 08 ml/min and 61 +/- 9 mueq/min, respectively (P less than .001), with no significant increase in glomerular filtration rate. No significant changes in UNA V occurred in eight sham control experiments of in six experiments in which VP was given at 75 muU/kf per min. To test the hypothesis that VP might be natriuretic indirectly by releasing a natriuretic substance, plasms ultrafiltrates were tested for toad bladder antinatriferic activity(AA). During steady-state control, AA was -10 +/- 3%. Thirty and sixty minutes after beginning VP, AA increased to -24 +/- 3% (P less than .05) and -26 +/- 2% (P less than .001), respectiviely. No significant change in plasma AA occurred in either sham controls or in animals given the subnatriuretic VP dose. Incubation of plasma with 1,000 muU/ml VP caused no increase in AA. The data show that VP natriuresis is accompanied by an increase in plasms AA. The results suggest that vasopressin natriuresis in hydropenic dogs at least in part to the release of a humoral inhibitor of renal tubular sodium transport.
T‐cell lymphoma: morphology, immunophenotype and clinical features

The histology, immunophenotype and clinical presentation of 43 cases of T‐cell lymphoma are described. Cases were classified into nine types; T‐lymphocytic lymphoma (three), mycosis fungoides (six), Sézary syndrome (two), T‐zone lymphoma (13), angio‐immunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AIL)‐like T‐cell lymphoma (five), pleomorphic medium cell (one), large cell immunoblastic (four), large cell polylobated (five) and lymphoblastic (four). The patients comprised 26 males and 17 females aged between 15 and 86 years. The majority showed disseminated disease at the time of diagnosis (18 stage IV, nine stage III, five stage II, eight stage I and three cases not staged). Thirty‐one patients showed lymph node involvement. Cutaneous involvement was a common finding (18 cases, 10 cases excluding mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome). Details of therapy and clinical follow‐up were obtained in 37 cases. With simple chemotherapy only one complete response (7%, 1/16) was obtained. With aggressive therapy 48% (13/27) of patients showed complete responses. Twenty patients died during the follow‐up period. Life table analysis showed a 58% probability of surviving 1 year and 36% probability of surviving 3 years. There was a significant difference in survival probability between low/intermediate‐grade (lymphocytic, Sézary syndrome, mycosis fungoides and T‐zone lymphoma including AIL‐type) lymphomas and high‐grade (large cell immunoblastic and polylobated and lymphoblastic) lymphomas (P<0.025). However, when survival of T‐zone and AIL‐like T‐cell lymphoma was compared with survival of large cell immunoblastic and polylobated lymphomas no significant difference was detected. Age (< 50 years) and stage I or II disease were associated with significantly better survival (P<0.005 and P<0.05).
Eustress, distress and their interpretation in primary and secondary occupational stress management interventions: which way first?

Purpose – To develop an argument for the retention of secondary approaches to stress management (those that focus on the individual within the organization) as first interventions, prior to the employment of primary approaches (those that focus on the organization's processes and structures). This is based on a reconsideration of eustress versus distress and a review of current empirical evidence on the effectiveness of stress management interventions.Design/methodology/approach – Major empirical studies and reviews are critically reviewed and placed within a theoretical framework derived from both early and more recent work in the field.Findings – There is little empirical evidence on which to base recommendations for organization‐based stress management interventions as first or sole approaches and therefore the value of these as first or sole approaches is questioned. Instead secondary, individual‐focused, approaches are recommended as first‐line interventions prior to the adoption of organization‐base.
Fetal acoustic stimulation test for early intrapartum fetal monitoring.

INTRODUCTION The fetal acoustic stimulation test (FAST) is a simple cost effective screening test for antenatal fetal monitoring. The aim of the study was to evaluate the FAST as a screening test for early intrapartum fetal well being. METHODS An initial non stress test (NST) followed by a FAST using corometric model 146 was carried out in 486 participants in early labour with uncomplicated singleton pregnancies and > 32 weeks gestation. A repeat NST was recorded in the participants who had an initial non reactive NST. The results of the NST and FAST were compared with fetal outcome. Maternal perception of fetal movements after FAST, results of NST before and after FAST, and the babies' 5 minute APGAR scores were measured. RESULTS Of the 486 participants 413 (85%) noticed fetal movements after FAST. Initial NST was non reactive in 203 (42%) but 149 (31%) became reactive after FAST. Compared to the NST, FAST had a better sensitivity (97% vs 62%, p < 0.001), specificity (100% vs 87%, p = 0.017), positive predictive value (100% vs 98%, p = 0.024), negative predictive value (79% vs 17%, p < 0.001) and accuracy (99%vs 64%, p < 0.001) in predicting 5 minute APGAR < 7 in the baby. CONCLUSIONS FAST is a reliable screening test for assessing fetal well being in early labour. It complements the NST and is better than the NST alone.
The literacy abilities of 11 year-old students from socially disadvantaged backgrounds

This study investigated the literacy skills of all children in Year 6 of a Queensland school in a socially disadvantaged area who were exposed to a “whole language” approach to the learning of written language. Standardized tests of non-word spelling and reading comprehension (including written sentence responses) revealed a large group of children with literacy difficulties. This group of 11-year-old children, and a group of matched controls, were further assessed on measures of phonological awareness and letter sound knowledge. The results indicated that the means of both groups were below those of the standardization populations, and that the children had particular difficulty writing short answers to questions. The group of children identified as performing poorly on the non-word spelling test was heterogeneous. Some had poor phonological awareness skills, some had limited sound-letter correspondence knowledge, some children had problems with both skills. The data demonstrated the need for assessment to identify the specific sub-skills with which individuals have difficulty, in order to allow for appropriate intervention rather than a generic phonological awareness intervention package for all children with literacy difficulties irrespective of age or social status.
Individual Characteristics Influencing Physicians’ Perceptions of Job Demands and Control: The Role of Affectivity, Work Engagement and Workaholism

The first purpose of the present study was to investigate the role of individual characteristics, i.e., positive and negative affectivity, in explaining the different perception of job control and job demands in a particularly demanding environment such as the healthcare setting. In addition, we aimed to explore the mediational role of work engagement and workaholism using the Job Demands-Resources Model as a theoretical framework. Data were collected using a sample of 269 Italian head physicians working in nine general hospitals. To test our hypotheses, the collected data were analyzed with structural equation modeling. Moreover, Sobel Test and bootstrapping were employed to assess the mediating hypotheses. Our results indicated that positive affectivity is related to work engagement, which, in its turn, showed a positive association with job control. In addition, workaholism mediated the relationship between negative affectivity and job demands. All in all, this study represents a first attempt to explore the role of trait affectivity as a dispositional characteristic able to foster the level of work engagement and workaholism exhibited by employees and, in turn, to increase the perceived levels of job control and job demands.
Politics and Pain in Managing Information Technology: A Case Study from Insurance

Drawing on case study material, this paper explores the politics of career and resource competition that is a medium and outcome of IT investment strategies and system development priorities. This is achieved by examining the manner in which different managers and operating divisions in the case study organization perceive and pursue distinct IT priorities. This they do by involving particular constructions of 'markets', 'technology', and 'organization'. The paper argues that the difficulties encountered around the development of IT systems in the case study company are symptomatic of tensions which are a condition and conse quence of struggles over resource allocation and career advancement within management. These activities necessarily generate considerable political activity which has potentially painful consequences for actors tied into power/identity relations in the modem organization.
Compact model for amorphous layer thickness formed by ion implantation over wide ion implantation conditions

In this paper, a through dose parameter /spl Phi//sub a/c/, which is defined by the dose of ions passing through the amorphous/crystal (a/c) interface, is proposed, and the use of /spl Phi//sub a/c/ combined with parameters for ion-implantation profiles to model the thickness of the amorphous layer d/sub a/ is demonstrated. It is shown that /spl Phi//sub a/c/ is independent of ion-implantation conditions but depends on the impurities. /spl Phi//sub a/c/ for Ge, Si, As, P, B, In, and Sb is evaluated. Consequently, d/sub a/ over a wide range of ion-implantation conditions for various ions was predicted.
Title : Arc-Routing via Column Generation and Iterated Local Search in a Permutation Set-Covering Framework Corresponding

We propose a method that combines the paradigms of Column Generation (CG) and Iterated Local Search (ILS) to solve the Capacitated Arc-Routing problem. One of the goals is to integrate into the ILS (some of) the duality information that underpins the CG. We consider a space of permutations and sub-permutations (sequences) of the set of required edges [ 1.m ] . This space is explored by an ILS process and a CG process that run in parallel and that can repeatedly exchange sub-permutations. The ILS uses an exact decoder that maps any permutation s : [ 1.m ] → [ 1.m ] to a list of sequences (routes) of minimum cost that services [ 1.m ] in the order s(1), s(2), . , s(m). The first use of the CG paradigm in ILS is the following: all sequences discovered by the CG process are sent to the ILS process that can inject them into the current ILS solution. The second application of CG in ILS consists of a “CG improver” that starts from the current ILS solution and tries to improve it by running several CG iterations. The first half of the paper describes the proposed method in a general framework based on sequences, permutations and set covers. The second part is devoted to more specialized Arc-Routing techniques. For instance, the CG convergence could be accelerated by factors of tens or even hundreds by exploiting two ideas in the Dynamic Programming (DP) pricing: (i) avoid as much as possible to traverse edges without service before the end of the CG process, and (ii) detect and prune dominated DP states by recording them in a fast data structure that relies on an array and a red-black tree. Regarding the ILS, we show that the permutation-level search can be substantially improved if the exact decoder is reinforced with a deterministic post-decoding operator that acts on explicit routes. The overall results are competitive (reducing the best-known gap of five instances) and certain ideas could be potentially useful for other set-covering or permutation search problems.
A systems biology approach to understanding atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disease of the vascular system, presents significant challenges to developing effective molecular diagnostics and novel therapies. A systems biology approach integrating data from large‐scale measurements (e.g. transcriptomics, proteomics and genomics) is successfully contributing to deciphering regulatory networks underlying the response of many different cellular systems to perturbations. Such a network analysis strategy using pathway information and data from multiple measurement platforms, tissues and species is a promising approach to elucidate the mechanistic underpinnings of complex diseases. Here, we present our views on the contributions that a systems approach can bring to the study of atherosclerosis, propose ways to tackle the complexity of the disease in a systems manner and review recent systems‐level studies of the disease.
Meta-Analysis supports Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) as a promising method for improving communication skills of children with autism spectrum disorders

This review provides a summary and appraisal commentary on the treatment review by Flippin, M. , Reszka, S. , & Watson, L. R. (2010). Effectiveness of the Picture Exchange Communication System (PECS) on communication and speech for children with autism spectrum disorders: A meta-analysis. American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, 19, 178–195. Doi: 10.1044/1058–0360(2010/09–0022). Source of funding and disclosure of interest: No source of funding reported, and the original authors of this research report no conflicts of interest.
Cross-Case Study of Self-Regulated Learning as a Series of Events

This exploratory cross-case study: (a) examined self-regulated learning (SRL) during 3 studying episodes, and (b) explored ways 8 students of varying proficiencies productively self-regulated their learning. Profiles of SRL were constructed by examining traces of studying activity, test performance, and student reflections. Profiles were used to: (a) identify individual strengths and weaknesses, (b) compare pairs of High, Low, Average, and Improving students, and (c) construct a model of SRL proficiency. SRL proficiency (skill, will, and adaptation) was not consistent with performance. This study illustrates the importance of collecting multiple measures of SRL as a series of events over time.
Group Psychotherapy: Frame of Reference for Training

Summary The International Congress of Medical Psychotherapy in 1979 gives the group psychotherapies a place on equal footing with other forms of psychotherapy. This paper follows first the evolution of the group psychotherapies as a frame of reference in therapy to than go on to the subject of training in this ambit. There are many forms of group psychotherapy which emerge from different models of the human being and different philosophies. Should group psychotherapists be trained in all these techniques? The author does not think so. He thinks that there is a place for many different forms of training and practice, and that experience and investigation will help us find an adequate fit between treatment and the needs of the patients as well as training and the personality and capacity of the future professional. The paper centers particularly on analytic group psychotherapies, their process of separation/individuation from the “paternal matrix” of psychoanalysis and their specific characteristics as a frame of reference in the training of professionals.
Deploying Rural Community Wireless Mesh Networks

Inadequate Internet access is widening the digital divide between town and countryside, degrading both social communication and business advancements in rural areas. Wireless mesh networking can provide an excellent framework for delivering broadband services to such areas. With this in mind, Lancaster University deployed a WMN in the rural village of Wray over a three-year period, providing the community with Internet service that exceeds many urban offerings. The project gave researchers a real-world testbed for exploring the technical and social issues entailed in deploying WMNs in the heart of a small community.
A schematic processing model of sex typing and stereotyping in children.

MARTIN, CAROL LYNN, and HALVERSON, CHARLES F. , JR. A Schematic Processing Model of Sex Typing and Stereotyping in Children. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1981, 52, 1119-1134. The thesis of the present paper is that sex stereotyping is a normal cognitive process and is best examined in terms of information-processing constructs. A model is proposed in which stereotypes are assumed to function as schemas that serve to organize and structure information. The particular schemas involved in stereotyping are described, and the functions and biases associated with these schemas are elaborated. Both the development and maintenance of stereotypes are explained using the schematic processing model. The schematic model is found to be useful for explaining many of the results from sex-typing and stereotyping studies, as well as indicating areas needing further investigation. To describe the relation between sex schemas and other types of schemas, a typology is proposed which divides schemas according to whether they are potentially self-defining and according to their salience or availability. Using the typology, stereotyping and sex stereotyping are said to occur because the schemas involved are self-defining and salient. The role of salience in mediating the use of schemas is discussed.
Thromboelastographic Profile of Patients with Hyperparathyroidism Secondary to Chronic Kidney Failure Submitted to Total Parathyroidectomy

Coagulopathy in surgical patients can cause perioperative complications, as both bleeding and thromboembolic events increase surgical morbimortality. The recognition of preexisting disorders and the understanding of the dynamic changes in hemostasis during surgery are prerequisites of safe patient management. The perioperative management of patients with chronic kidney failure is a huge challenge due to both the hypercoagulable state and increased risk of bleeding. Classic laboratory exams performed for the evaluation of blood clotting seem insufficient regarding the determination of the risk of bleeding and thrombosis in surgical patients. As patients with chronic kidney failure develop secondary hyperparathyroidism, the aim of the present study was to describe a case series and correlate the perioperative thromboelastographic profile of patients with chronic kidney failure submitted to parathyroidectomy with their secondary hyperparathyroidism.