Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in the temperature sensitivity of SOM decomposition with grassland succession: implications for soil C sequestration

Understanding the temperature sensitivity (Q10) of soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition is important for predicting soil carbon (C) sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems under warming scenarios. Whether Q10 varies predictably with ecosystem succession and the ways in which the stoichiometry of input SOM influences Q10 remain largely unknown. We investigate these issues using a grassland succession series from free-grazing to 31-year grazing-exclusion grasslands in Inner Mongolia, and an incubation experiment performed at six temperatures (0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25°C) and with four substrates: control (CK), glucose (GLU), mixed grass leaf (GRA), and Medicago falcata leaf (MED). The results showed that basal soil respiration (20°C) and microbial biomass C (MBC) logarithmically decreased with grassland succession. Q10 decreased logarithmically from 1.43 in free-grazing grasslands to 1.22 in 31-year grazing-exclusion grasslands. Q10 increased significantly with the addition of substrates, and the Q10 levels increased with increase in N:C ratios of substrate. Moreover, accumulated C mineralization was controlled by the N:C ratio of newly input SOM and by incubation temperature. Changes in Q10 with grassland ecosystem succession are controlled by the stoichiometry of newly input SOM, MBC, and SOM quality, and the combined effects of which could partially explain the mechanisms underlying soil C sequestration in the long-term grazing-exclusion grasslands in Inner Mongolia, China. The findings highlight the effect of substrate stoichiometry on Q10 which requires further study.
The (post-)feminist condition: women filmmakers in Spain

Abstract Spain did not experience first- or second-wave feminism simultaneously with its European neighbours due primarily, albeit not exclusively, to the Franco dictatorship (1939–1975). Following the transition to democracy, the twenty-first century media-scape often appears to be firmly committed to the discourse of post-feminism, an adscription that might be construed as a paradigmatic example of cultural and social normalisation. There is, nevertheless, a paradox in undergoing a transition from what we might term pre- to post-feminism; is it possible to disavow and supersede a movement that never genuinely took root? This essay critically interrogates the assumption that Spanish cultural production is committed to post-feminism, focussing on the eight films directed by Spanish women that received general domestic distribution in a twelve-month period commencing in September 2007. I draw upon personal interviews with women filmmakers alongside a general discussion of the films themselves in an attempt to contextualise the on- and off-screen gender(ed) politics of women in front of and behind the camera within both wider socio-broader practices in Spain, and the transnational idiom of (post-)feminism. My hypothesis is that the most compelling cinematic response to the machismo and misogyny of Spanish film and society is to be found in middle-brow melodrama, a genre all too often dismissed by Spanish critics.
Extracellular high mobility group box-1 inhibits R5 and X4 HIV-1 strains replication in mononuclear phagocytes without induction of chemokines and cytokines

Objective:High mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear chromatin protein. Furthermore, it induces chemotaxis and inflammation once released in the extracellular milieu, and it has been reported to upregulate, but also to inhibit HIV-1 replication in different cell types. We here investigated the potential role of extracellular HMGB1 in both R5 and X4 HIV-1 replication in primary human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) and U937 promonocytic cells, respectively. Design:MDM or U937 cells were infected with R5 and X4 HIV-1 strains, respectively, in the presence or absence of endotoxin-free recombinant (r) HMGB1 or necrotic cell supernatants either containing or depleted of endogenous HMGB1. Methods:HIV replication was measured by means of virion-associated reverse transcriptase activity in culture supernatants and cell-associated viral protein expression. Cytokine and chemokine production were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; cell surface expression of CD4, CC chemokine receptor 5, receptor for advanced glycation end-products, Toll-like receptor-2 and Toll-like receptor-4 were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results:Both rHMGB1 and necrotic cell supernatant-associated HMGB1 inhibited replication of R5 HIV-1 in MDM. Surprisingly enough, no upregulation of CC chemokine receptor 5-binding chemokines or of other chemokines and cytokines was observed in rHMGB1-stimulated MDM. HMGB1 also induced chemotaxis and strongly inhibited the replication of X4 HIV-1 in the ‘Minus’ subset of U937 cell clones expressing high levels of putative HMGB1 receptors (receptor for advanced glycation end-products, Toll-like receptors 2 and 4). Conclusion:Extracellular HMGB1 is a potent inhibitor of both R5 and X4 HIV-1 replication in mononuclear phagocytic cells without inducing the release of HIV-Modulatory chemokines or cytokines.
A Role for CREB Binding Protein and p300 Transcriptional Coactivators in Ets-1 Transactivation Functions

ABSTRACT The Ets-1 transcription factor plays a critical role in cell growth and development, but the means by which it activates transcription are still unclear (J. C. Bories, D. M. Willerford, D. Grevin, L. Davidson, A. Camus, P. Martin, D. Stehelin, F. W. Alt, and J. C. Borles, Nature 377:635–638, 1995; N. Muthusamy, K. Barton, and J. M. Leiden, Nature 377:639–642, 1995). Here we show that Ets-1 binds the transcriptional coactivators CREB binding protein (CBP) and the related p300 protein (together referred to as CBP/p300) and that this interaction is required for specific Ets-1 transactivation functions. The Ets-1- and c-Myb-dependent aminopeptidase N (CD13/APN) promoter and an Ets-1-dependent artificial promoter were repressed by adenovirus E1A, a CBP/p300-specific inhibitor. Furthermore, Ets-1 activity was potentiated by CBP and p300 overexpression. The transactivation function of Ets-1 correlated with its ability to bind an N-terminal cysteine- and histidine-rich region spanning CBP residues 313 to 452. Ets-1 also bound a second cysteine- and histidine-rich region of CBP, between residues 1449 and 1892. Both Ets-1 and CBP/p300 formed a stable immunoprecipitable nuclear complex, independent of DNA binding. This Ets-1–CBP/p300 immunocomplex possessed histone acetyltransferase activity, consistent with previous findings that CBP/p300 is associated with such enzyme activity. Our results indicate that CBP/p300 may mediate antagonistic and synergistic interactions between Ets-1 and other transcription factors that use CBP/p300 as a coactivator, including c-Myb and AP-1.
Reversible sodium dodecyl sulfate activation of latent peach polyphenol oxidase by cyclodextrins.

The reversibility of the SDS-mediated activation of latent peach PPO has been studied using cyclodextrins as strip detergent agent. Cyclodextrins produced a combined inhibitory effect on enzymatic activity of latent peach PPO due to the complexation of detergent and the hydrophobic substrate 4-tert-butylcatechol (TBC) molecules. To study the reversibility of the activation process, this combined effect has to be separated. On the one hand, the enzyme was activated by acid-shocking and the activity was measured in the presence of cyclodextrins, using TBC as substrate. The inhibition curves obtained permitted study of the complexation of TBC into cyclodextrins. On the other hand, the enzyme was activated by SDS and the activity in the presence of cyclodextrins was measured using the highly hydrophilic o-diphenol dopamine as substrate. In this case, the inhibition curves obtained indicated the reversibility of the activation process when SDS was trapped by cyclodextrins. In addition, the complexation constant between SDS and 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrins was calculated by measuring conductivity (K(s) = 3500 M(-1)).
International Business

The textbook describes the current trends in the development of international business in the context of the globalization of the world economy. The presentation of the educational material and tasks for students ' independent work are based on the principles of a competence-based approach. Prepared in accordance with the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation in the direction of training 38.03. 01 "Economics" for the profiles "World economy and international business", "Foreign Economic activity". For students and teachers of economic universities, researchers and practitioners, as well as anyone interested in the problems of international business and foreign economic activity.
The Effect of a Telephone-based Health Coaching Disease Management Program on Medicaid Members With Chronic Conditions

Background:Despite the growing popularity of disease management programs for chronic conditions, evidence regarding the effect of these programs has been mixed. In addition, few peer-reviewed studies have examined the effect of these programs on publicly insured populations. Objectives:To examine the effect of a telephone-based health coaching disease management program on healthcare utilization and expenditures in Medicaid members with chronic conditions. Research Design:Using a difference-in-differences analysis, we examined changes in hospitalizations, emergency department (ED) visits, ambulatory care visits, and Medicaid expenditures among program members for 1 year before and 2 years after their enrollment compared with a matched comparison group. Subjects:Medicaid members aged 18 to 64 with a diagnosis of qualifying chronic conditions and 2 acute health service events of hospitalizations and/or ED visits within a 12-month period. Results:Changes in acute hospitalizations, ambulatory care visits, and Medicaid expenditures before and after program enrollment were similar between the 2 study groups. However, during the second year after enrollment, program members had a significantly smaller decrease in ED visits than the comparisons (8% in program members and 23% in comparisons, P value=0.03). Conclusions:Compared with a matched comparison group, the telephone-based health coaching disease management program did not demonstrate significant effects on healthcare utilization and expenditures in Medicaid members with chronic conditions.
Relationship Between Daily Protein Distribution and Body Composition in Elite Gymnasts

The Master's Thesis Advisory Committee members, as representatives of the faculty, certify that this thesis has met all standards of excellence and scholarship as determined by the faculty. In presenting this thesis as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the advanced degree from Georgia State University, I agree that the library of Georgia State University shall make it available for inspection and circulation in accordance with its regulations governing materials of this type. I agree that permission to quote, to copy from, or to publish this thesis may be granted by the professor under whose direction it was written, by the Byrdine F. Lewis School of Nursing and Health Professions director of graduate studies and research, or by me. Such quoting, copying, or publishing must be solely for scholarly purposes and will not involve potential financial gain. It is understood that any copying from or publication of this thesis, which involves potential financial gain will not be allowed without my written permission. Notice to Borrowers All theses deposited in the Georgia State University library must be used in accordance with the stipulations prescribed by the author in the preceding statement.
Cite4Me: Semantic Retrieval and Analysis of Scientific Publications

This paper presents the Cite4Me Web application and its features created for the LAK Challenge 2013. The Web application focuses on two main directions: (i) interlinking of the LAK dataset with related data sources from the Linked Open Data cloud; and (ii) providing innovative search, visualization, retrieval and recommendation of scientific publications from the LAK dataset and related interlinked resources. Our approach is based on semantic and cooccurrence relations to provide new browsing experiences to Web users and an overview of scientific data available. Furthermore, we present a detailed analysis of the LAK dataset along with applications which contributes to the development of the learning analytics field.
The Italian experience and its implications

In May 1978, the Italian Parliament passed Law 180, the main aims of which were gradually to dismantle the mental hospitals and to institute a comprehensive and integrated system of community psychiatric care. Thus, Italy provides an important opportunity for assessing the effect of extensive change in the pattern of provision of psychiatric care. Systematic evaluative studies of the Italian psychiatric reform are becoming more frequent, although there exist in the English language literature many accounts of relatively short visits to Italian psychiatric services. These latter exemplify a wide range of views, from overt enthusiasm on the one hand (e.g. Lacey, 1984), to hostility on the other (e.g. Jones & Poletti, 1985). This editorial attempts a brief review of the reform and its effects, with particular emphasis on quantitative aspects, and we consider issues which may be relevant with regard to changes in the organization of psychiatric care in countries other than Italy.
Effects of crystalloid and colloid resuscitation on hemorrhage-induced vascular hyporesponsiveness to norepinephrine in the rat.

BACKGROUND We have shown previously that hemorrhagic hypotension is associated with a progressive development of vascular hyporeactivity to norepinephrine (NE). The present study investigated whether select crystalloid or colloid resuscitation fluids would ameliorate this effect. METHOD Anesthetized male rats were hemorrhaged to and maintained at a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 50 mm Hg for 60 minutes. Rats (n = 7 per group) were then resuscitated with lactated Ringer's (LR), 7.5% hypertonic saline (HS) for 1 hour followed by LR (HS-LR), Hespan, or Hextend to restore and maintain MAP to 70 mm Hg over 4 hours. Additional hemorrhaged groups were resuscitated with LR to the baseline MAP (LR-BL) or received no resuscitation. A sham hemorrhage group served as controls. The responses of MAP and the blood flow of the superior mesenteric, celiac, left renal, and left femoral arteries to NE (3 microg/kg administered intravenously) were measured at BL (prehemorrhage); at the end of the hypotensive period; and at 1, 2, and 4 hours after resuscitation. RESULTS Hemorrhagic hypotension significantly (p < 0.01) reduced the NE-induced pressor response in MAP and significantly reduced the contractile responses (reflected by the reduction of blood flow after NE administration) of the four arteries to NE. Hespan and Hextend infusion improved the NE response of MAP and the contractile responses of the observed arteries to NE significantly better than LR, HS-LR, or LR-BL. The colloids improved the vascular contractile responses to NE in the superior mesenteric and left femoral arteries and the pressor response of MAP to NE, to 80% to 90% of their basal response level compared with 40% to 60% with the crystalloid fluids (p < 0.05). LR-BL infusion resulted in hemodilution, with no added benefit to vascular responsiveness. CONCLUSION These data suggest that hypotensive resuscitation to 70 mm Hg with colloids was better than crystalloids in improving vascular responsiveness to the pressor effects of NE and required smaller volumes. Normotensive resuscitation with LR was not better than hypotensive resuscitation. Not all vasculatures improved equally after fluid resuscitation.
Internal Fixation of Intertrochanteric Hip Fractures: A Clinical Comparison of Two Implant Designs

Objective. To compare two internal fixation devices clinically in stabilisation of intertrochanteric femur fractures. Methods. Eighty-seven patients were randomised upon their admission to the hospital using a sealed envelope method. Forty-five were treated with proximal femur nail antirotation (PFNA) and 42 with reverse less invasive stabilisation system (LISS). The perioperative data were recorded and compared in relation to fracture type. Results. In each type of fractures, no significant differences were found with respect to the blood loss, the quality of reduction, the time to bony healing, and the Harris hip score between the 2 groups. The mean duration of surgery was significantly longer in reverse LISS group than in PFNA group. Conclusion. Both the PFNA and the reversed LISS are effective in the treatment of different types of intertrochanteric femur fractures. PFNA is superior to reverse LISS in terms of surgical time, weight-bearing, and perhaps fluoroscopy time.
Stabilization of Grid Frequency Through Dynamic Demand Control

Frequency stability in electricity networks is essential to the maintenance of supply quality and security. This paper investigates whether a degree of built-in frequency stability could be provided by incorporating dynamic demand control into certain consumer appliances. Such devices would monitor system frequency (a universally available indicator of supply-demand imbalance) and switch the appliance on or off accordingly, striking a compromise between the needs of the appliance and the grid. A simplified computer model of a power grid was created incorporating aggregate generator inertia, governor action and load-frequency dependence plus refrigerators with dynamic demand controllers. Simulation modelling studies were carried out to investigate the system's response to a sudden loss of generation, and to fluctuating wind power. The studies indicated a significant delay in frequency-fall and a reduced dependence on rapidly deployable backup generation.
Persistently Elevated Right Ventricular Index of Myocardial Performance in Preterm Infants with Incipient Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Objectives Elevated pulmonary vascular resistance occurs during the first days after birth in all newborn infants and persists in infants at risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). It is difficult to measure in a non-invasive fashion. We assessed the usefulness of the right ventricular index of myocardial performance (RIMP) to estimate pulmonary vascular resistance in very low birth weight infants. Study Design Prospective echocardiography on day of life (DOL) 2, 7, 14, and 28 in 121 preterm infants (median [quartiles] gestational age 28 [26]–[29] weeks, birth weight 998 [743–1225] g) of whom 36 developed BPD (oxygen supplementation at 36 postmenstrual weeks). Results RIMP derived by conventional pulsed Doppler technique was unrelated to heart rate or mean blood pressure. RIMP on DOL 2 was similar in infants who subsequently did (0.39 [0.33–0.55]) and did not develop BPD (0.39 [0.28–0.51], p = 0.467). RIMP declined steadily in non-BPD infants but not in BPD infants (DOL 7: 0.31[0.22–0.39] vs. 0.35[0.29–0.48], p = 0.014; DOL 14: 0.23[0.17–0.30] vs. 0.35[0.25–0.43], p<0.001; DOL 28: 0.21[0.15–0.28] vs. 0.31 [0.21–0.35], p = 0.015). Conclusions In preterm infants, a decline in RIMP after birth was not observed in those with incipient BPD. The pattern of RIMP measured in preterm infants is commensurate with that of pulmonary vascular resistance.
CTG repeat-targeting oligonucleotides for down-regulating Huntingtin expression

Abstract Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal, neurodegenerative disorder in which patients suffer from mobility, psychological and cognitive impairments. Existing therapeutics are only symptomatic and do not significantly alter the disease progression or increase life expectancy. HD is caused by expansion of the CAG trinucleotide repeat region in exon 1 of the Huntingtin gene (HTT), leading to the formation of mutant HTT transcripts (muHTT). The toxic gain-of-function of muHTT protein is a major cause of the disease. In addition, it has been suggested that the muHTT transcript contributes to the toxicity. Thus, reduction of both muHTT mRNA and protein levels would ideally be the most useful therapeutic option. We herein present a novel strategy for HD treatment using oligonucleotides (ONs) directly targeting the HTT trinucleotide repeat DNA. A partial, but significant and potentially long-term, HTT knock-down of both mRNA and protein was successfully achieved. Diminished phosphorylation of HTT gene-associated RNA-polymerase II is demonstrated, suggestive of reduced transcription downstream the ON-targeted repeat. Different backbone chemistries were found to have a strong impact on the ON efficiency. We also successfully use different delivery vehicles as well as naked uptake of the ONs, demonstrating versatility and possibly providing insights for in vivo applications.
Dynamic scheduling methods for computational grid environments

In this paper, we propose an adaptive and dynamic scheduling method, called most fit task first (MFTF), for a class of computational grids, which are characterized by heterogeneous computing nodes and dynamic task arrivals. Some existing static scheduling methods assume that tasks arrive statically and may not perform well in the case of dynamic task arrivals. Our method can get stable task execution times whether tasks arrive statically or dynamically. We compare the task execution time with other methods to show the performance of the scheduling method.
High versus Low Aggressive Priming During Video Game Training: Effects on Game Violence, State Affect, Heart Rate, and Blood Pressure

Playing violent video games is related to increased negative affect and cardiovascular reactivity. We examined the influence of high and low aggressive priming during video-game training on violence during game play (e.g., shooting, choking), hostility, frustration with game play, blood pressure, and heart rate. Male undergraduates (N = 36) were assigned to a high aggressive or low aggressive video-game priming condition. After training, they played Metal Gear Solid™, which allows players to advance by using stealth, violence, or both. Participants in the high aggressive priming condition used significantly more violent action during game play and reported more hostility than those in the low aggressive priming condition. Heart rate was correlated with feelings of hostility. These findings indicate that both aggressive priming and use of game violence influence arousal and negative affect and might increase behavioral aggression.