Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A small molecule directly inhibits the p53 transactivation domain from binding to replication protein A

Replication protein A (RPA), essential for DNA replication, repair and DNA damage signalling, possesses six ssDNA-binding domains (DBDs), including DBD-F on the N-terminus of the largest subunit, RPA70. This domain functions as a binding site for p53 and other DNA damage and repair proteins that contain amphipathic alpha helical domains. Here, we demonstrate direct binding of both ssDNA and the transactivation domain 2 of p53 (p53TAD2) to DBD-F, as well as DBD-F-directed dsDNA strand separation by RPA, all of which are inhibited by fumaropimaric acid (FPA). FPA binds directly to RPA, resulting in a conformational shift as determined through quenching of intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence in full length RPA. Structural analogues of FPA provide insight on chemical properties that are required for inhibition. Finally, we confirm the inability of RPA possessing R41E and R43E mutations to bind to p53, destabilize dsDNA and quench tryptophan fluorescence by FPA, suggesting that protein binding, DNA modulation and inhibitor binding all occur within the same site on DBD-F. The disruption of p53–RPA interactions by FPA may disturb the regulatory functions of p53 and RPA, thereby inhibiting cellular pathways that control the cell cycle and maintain the integrity of the human genome.
Examining the academic experiences of minorities preparing for the professoriate

The critical need to understand the socialization experiences of prospective minority faculty is apparent today. If we can understand more about the experiences of new minority faculty members, perhaps the academy will be able to develop continued supportive strategies that enhance their development into the academic profession. The purpose of this study was to examine the academic experiences of the minority participants in the Preparing Future Faculty program (PFF). As a consequence of participating in the PFF program, the minority participants regarded that they felt ready for a faculty position, regarded that mentoring was effective, indicated that awareness of faculty roles and responsibilities were crucial, identified that cultural dissonance, inclusiveness, and an appreciation of a diverse faculty as issues of concern, and described the concept of "duality" in the socialization process as it pertains to the professoriate. Based on the data gleaned from this study, networking, mentoring, and research support stand out as major strategies for addressing the problems faced by prospective minority faculty. The respondents in the study suggested themes common to those of the literature, emphasizing an improvement in professional development opportunities for prospective minority faculty. Establishing awareness to the professional culture, understanding roles and responsibilities, and defining a relationship with senior faculty are efforts to improve recruitment, retention, and advancement for prospective faculty of color. From this study, the researcher has derived that faculty development initiatives should provide more emphasis on teaching, render service to departments and develop continued respect for the academic profession (e.g., teaching, research, and service).
Chemical Yields from Low- and Intermediate-Mass Stars

We present new sets of chemical yields from low-and intermediate-mass stars with and three choices of the metallicity, Z = 0.02, Z = 0.008, and Z = 0.004 (Marigo 2000, in preparation). These are then compared with the yields calculated by other authors on the basis of different model prescriptions, and basic observational constraints which should be reproduced
A Multigrid-Lanczos Algorithm for the Numerical Solutions of Nonlinear Eigenvalue Problems

We study numerical methods for solving nonlinear elliptic eigenvalue problems which contain folds and bifurcation points. First we present some convergence theory for the MINRES, a variant of the Lanczos method. A multigrid-Lanczos method is then proposed for tracking solution branches of associated discrete problems and detecting singular points along solution branches. The proposed algorithm has the advantage of being robust and can be easily implemented. It can be regarded as a generalization and an improvement of the continuation-Lanczos algorithm. Our numerical results show the efficiency of this algorithm.
Part-time academics’ perception of their role and academic development: a case study from Indonesia

ABSTRACT Employing part-time and casual academics is now a widely accepted practice in higher education globally. We explored the issue of the identity of part-time academics in Indonesian higher education through interviews with 14 part-time and 11 full-time academics. Both groups identified more strongly with their teaching roles than with other roles. However, they differed in their perceptions of opportunities to enact their chosen academic roles and of the kind of academic development they needed. The current standardised model of academic development needs to be rethought to offer more flexibility and to invite departments’ participation in the development of their academics.
Effectiveness of chlorhexidine-thymol varnish for caries reduction in permanent first molars of 6-7-year-old children: 24-month clinical trial.

OBJECTIVES To determine the effect of chlorhexidine varnish on the prevention of caries in permanent first molars. METHODS Two groups of 6-7-year-old school children were followed up in a clinical trial, a group of 86 children whose teeth were treated with a chlorhexidine-thymol varnish (Cervitec) and a control group of 95 children. The varnish was reapplied every 3 months and the caries increments were compared at 24 months. RESULTS The DFS (decayed and filled surfaces in permanent first molars) increment in the control group (mean = 1.85; SD = 2.27) was higher than in the test group (mean = 0.95; SD = 1.38), resulting in a 48.6% caries reduction. This difference was statistically significant (P = 0.032). CONCLUSIONS Chlorhexidine-thymol varnish is effective in preventing caries in permanent first molars.
Pooled Analysis of Two Swedish Case-Control Studies on the Use of Mobile and Cordless Telephones and the Risk of Brain Tumours Diagnosed During 1997–2003

Here we present the pooled analysis of 2 case–control studies on the association of brain tumours with mobile phone use. Use of analogue cellular phones increased the risk for acoustic neuroma by 5%, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 2-9% per 100 hrs of use. The risk increased for astrocytoma grade III—IV with latency period with highest estimates using >10-year time period from first use of these phone types. The risk increased per one year of use of analogue phones by 10%, 95% CI = 6-14%, digital phones by 11%, 95% CI = 6-16%, and cordless phones by 8%, 95% CI = 5-12%. For all studied phone types OR for brain tumours, mainly acoustic neuroma and malignant brain tumours, increased with latency period, especially for astrocytoma grade III—IV.
SMYD3 as an oncogenic driver in prostate cancer by stimulation of androgen receptor transcription.

BACKGROUND Androgen receptor (AR) is critical for prostate tumorigenesis and is frequently overexpressed during prostate cancer (PC) progression. However, few studies have addressed the epigenetic regulation of AR expression. METHODS We analyzed SMYD3 expression in human PC with Western blot and immunohistochemistry. SMYD3 expression was knocked down using short hairpin RNA (shRNA) or small interfering RNA (siRNA). Cell proliferation, colony formation, and apoptosis analyses and xenograft transplantation were performed to evaluate the impact of SMYD3 depletion on PC cells. AR expression and promoter activity were determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blot, and luciferase reporter assay. AR promoter association with Sp1, SMYD3, and histone modifications was assessed by chromatin immunoprecipitation. Differences in AR mRNA abundance and promoter activity were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank tests, SMYD3 expression was analyzed using with Mann-Whitney U tests for unpaired samples, and tumor weight was analyzed with Student t test. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS The upregulation of SMYD3 protein expression was observed in seven of eight prostate tumor specimens, compared with matched normal tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis showed a strong SMYD3 staining in the nuclei of PC tissues in eight of 25 (32%) cases and in the cytoplasm in 23 out of 25 (92%) cases, whereas benign prostate tissue exhibited weak immunostaining. Depletion of SMYD3 by siRNA or shRNA inhibited PC cell proliferation (72 hours relative to 24 hours: control shRNA vs SMYD3 shRNA 1: mean fold change = 2.76 vs 1.68; difference = 1.08; 95% confidence interval = 0.78 to 1.38, P < .001), colony formation, cell migration, invasion, and xenograft tumor formation. Two functional SMYD3-binding motifs were identified in the AR promoter region. CONCLUSIONS SMYD3 promotes prostate tumorigenesis and mediates epigenetic upregulation of AR expression.
Transcriptome profiling of immune tissues reveals habitat‐specific gene expression between lake and river sticklebacks

The observation of habitat‐specific phenotypes suggests the action of natural selection. The three‐spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) has repeatedly colonized and adapted to diverse freshwater habitats across the northern hemisphere since the last glaciation, while giving rise to recurring phenotypes associated with specific habitats. Parapatric lake and river populations of sticklebacks harbour distinct parasite communities, a factor proposed to contribute to adaptive differentiation between these ecotypes. However, little is known about the transcriptional response to the distinct parasite pressure of those fish in a natural setting. Here, we sampled wild‐caught sticklebacks across four geographical locations from lake and river habitats differing in their parasite load. We compared gene expression profiles between lake and river populations using 77 whole‐transcriptome libraries from two immune‐relevant tissues, the head kidney and the spleen. Differential expression analyses revealed 139 genes with habitat‐specific expression patterns across the sampled population pairs. Among the 139 differentially expressed genes, eight are annotated with an immune function and 42 have been identified as differentially expressed in previous experimental studies in which fish have been immune challenged. Together, these findings reinforce the hypothesis that parasites contribute to adaptation of sticklebacks in lake and river habitats.
Reducing essential eigenvalues in the boundary of the numerical range

We examine a purely geometric property of a point in the boundary of the numerical range of a (Hilbert space) operator that implies that such a point is a reducing essential eigenvalue of the given operator. Roughly speaking, such a property means that the boundary curve of the numerical range has infinite curvature at that point (we must exclude however linear verteces because they may be reducing eigenvalues without being reducing essential eigenvalues). This result allows us to give an elegant proof of a conjecture of Joel Anderson: {\it A compact perturbation of a scalar multiple of the identity operator can not have the closure of its numerical range equal to half a disk (neither equal to any acute circular sector). }
Asymmetric volatility spillovers: Revisiting the Diebold-Yilmaz (2009) spillover index with realized semivariance

Based on the negative and positive realized semivariances developed in Barndorff-Nielsen et al. (2010), we modify the volatility spillover index devised in Diebold and Yilmaz (2009). The resulting asymmetric volatility spillover indices are easy to compute and account well for negative and positive parts of volatility. We apply the modified indices on the 30 U.S. stocks with the highest market capitalization over the period 2004-2011 to study intra-market spillovers. We provide evidence of sizable volatility-spillover asymmetries and a markedly different pattern of spillovers during periods of economic ups and downs.
Efficacy of Low-Dose Ciclesonide and Fluticasone Propionate for Mild to Moderate Persistent Asthma

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of ciclesonide (80 mg/day) and fluticasone propionate (200 mg/day) for mild to moderate persistent asthma. Materials and Methods: Female and male patients older than 12 years with a history of persistent bronchial asthma for at least 6 months were enrolled. Patients were eligible to enter into a 2-week run-in period before randomization (baseline) if they had received inhaled corticosteroids (fluticasone propionate 250 μg/day or equivalent) at a constant dose during the last 4 weeks before the run-in period. In order to enter into the double blind 18-week treatment period, patients had to have a forced expiratory volume in 1s (FEV1) of 61–90% of predicted and a decrease in FEV1 throughout the run-in period of more than 10%. Patients (n =230) were assigned to ciclesonide 80 mg once daily or fluticasone propionate 100 mg twice daily group. The primary outcome variable was change in FEV1 compared to its baseline value. Secondary outcome variables were asthma-specific quality of life and asthma control. Results: Both drugs significantly increased FEV1 and other lung function parameters compared to baseline (P< 0.0001, both groups, all variables). Progress in the percentage of days with no asthma symptoms and no use of rescue medication and asthma-specific quality of life were similar in the two treatment groups. Conclusion: Ciclesonide at a dose of 80 μg once daily can provide efficient maintenance therapy for mild to moderate persistent asthma.
Cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging predictors of pregnancy outcomes in women with coarctation of the aorta.

AIMS The aim of this study was to determine associations between aortic morphometry evaluated by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) and pregnancy outcomes in women with aortic coarctation (CoA). METHODS Consecutive women with CoA seen with CMR within 2 years of delivery were reviewed. Aortic dimensions were measured on CMR angiography. Adverse outcomes (cardiovascular, obstetric, and foetal/neonatal) were documented. RESULTS We identified 28 women (4 with native and 24 with repaired CoA) who had 30 pregnancies. There were 29 live births (1 stillbirth) at mean gestation 38 ± 2 weeks. Mean maternal ages at first cardiac intervention and pregnancy were 6 ± 8 and 29 ± 6 years, respectively. There were nine cardiovascular events (hypertensive complications in five; stroke in two and arrhythmia in two) occurring in seven pregnancies. Minimum aortic dimensions were smaller in women with cardiovascular events (12.1 vs. 14.3 mm, P = 0.001), specifically in those with hypertensive complications (11.6 vs. 14.4 mm, P < 0.001). From receiver operator curve analysis, optimal discrimination for the development of adverse cardiovascular events occurred at the 12 mm diameter threshold [sensitivity 78%, specificity 91%, area under the curve 0.86 (95% CI: 0.685-1)]. All hypertensive events occurred in conjunction with a minimum aortic diameter of 12 mm (7mm/m(2)) or less. No adverse outcomes occurred if minimum diameter exceeded 15 mm. CONCLUSION Smaller aortic dimensions relate to increased risk of hypertensive events in pregnant women with CoA. CMR can aid in stratification of risk for women with CoA who are considering pregnancy.
Analysis of Cardinal and Ordinal Assumptions in Conjoint Analysis

Of twenty-three agricultural economics conjoint analyses conducted between 1990 and 2001, seventeen used interval-rating scales, with estimation procedures varying widely. This study tests cardinality assumptions in conjoint analysis when interval-rating scales are used, and tests whether the ordered probit or two-limit tobit model is the most valid. Results indicate that cardinality assumptions are invalid, but estimates of the underlying utility scale for the two models do not differ. Thus, while the ordered probit model is theoretically more appealing, the two-limit tobit model may be more useful in practice, especially in cases with limited degrees of freedom, such as with individual-level conjoint models.
Part of Speech Tagging for Bengali with Hidden Markov Model

This report describes our work on Bengali Part-of-speech tagging (POS) for the NLPAI Machine Learning contest 2006. We use a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) based stochastic tagger. The tagger makes use of morphological and contextual information of words. Since only a small labeled training set is provided (41,000 words), a HMM based approach does not yield very good results. In this work, we have used a morphological analyzer to improve the performance of the tagger. Further, we have made use of semi-supervised learning by augmenting the small labeled training set provided with a larger unlabeled training set (100,000 words). The tagger has an accuracy of about 89% on the test data provided.
Copyless Cost-Register Automata: Structure, Expressiveness, and Closure Properties

Cost register automata (CRA) and its subclass, copyless CRA, were recently proposed by Alur et al. as a new model for computing functions over strings. We study structural properties, expressiveness, and closure properties of copyless CRA. We show that copyless CRA are strictly less expressive than weighted automata and are not closed under reverse operation. To find a better class we impose restrictions on copyless CRA, which ends successfully with a new robust computational model that is closed under reverse and other extensions.
The art of maintaining everyday life: collaboration among older parents, their adult children, and health care professionals in reablement

Background: A shift in the work-divide among generations and an ageing population have altered the balance of care and support between families and welfare states. Although state policy has increasingly acknowledged that older adults ageing in place receive support from family members, how adult children perceive their collaboration with their parents and health care professionals in reablement services remains unclear. The aim of this study is to identify how adult children perceive the collaboration between older parents, family members, and health care professionals in reablement services. Methods: This study has a qualitative research design with a constructivist grounded theory approach. In total, 15 adult children – 6 sons, 8 daughters, and a daughter-in-law, aged 47–64 years – whose parents had received reablement services, participated in in-depth interviews. Results: Our findings clarify how children and their older parents’ reablement services can collaborate to support how the adult children manage and maintain both their own and their parents’ everyday lives. The core category derived from our data analysis was the art of maintaining everyday life, with four subcategories indicating the different dimensions of that process: doing what is best for one’s parents, negotiating the dilemmas of everyday life, managing parents’ reablement, and ensuring the flow of everyday life. Conclusion: To promote collaboration among older adults, their children, and health care professionals in reablement, health care professionals need to proactively involve older adults’ family members in the reablement processes, particularly because older adults and their children do not always express all of their care-related needs to reablement services.
An Explanation for Why Prior Stock Returns and Analysts' Earnings Forecast Revisions Predict Earnings Management and Forecast errors

We propose that the combination of prior stock returns and analyst forecast revisions of current earnings can predict subsequent firm earnings manipulations and analyst forecast “errors” in a setting in which investors, analysts, and managers are rational and do not behave opportunistically. We find empirical support for the prediction that firms that earn large positive abnormal returns and for which contemporaneous analyst earnings forecast revisions are positive are more likely to manage earnings up or down to beat analyst forecasts, whereas firms that earn large negative abnormal returns and for which analyst forecast revision are negative are more likely to engage in extreme income-decreasing earnings management. When combined with the argument that analysts forecast an earnings number that excludes transitory and managed components, such forms of earnings manipulations will contribute to the presence of two well-documented asymmetries in cross-sectional distributions of analysts’ forecast errors; a higher incidence and magnitude of extreme bad news surprises than extreme good news surprises, and a higher incidence of small, good news surprises than small, bad news surprises. We discuss the implications of the empirical support we find for our hypotheses for interpreting prior findings, developing hypotheses, and designing empirical tests in the analyst forecast rationality, earnings management, and earnings response coefficient literatures. An Explanation for Why Prior Stock Returns and Analysts’ Earnings Forecast Revisions Predict Earnings Management and Forecast errors
Web Service Composition - Current Solutions and Open Problems

Composition of Web services has received much interest to support business-to-business or enterprise application integration. On the one side, the business world has developed a number of XML-based standards to formalize the specification of Web services, their flow composition and execution. This approach is primarily syntactical: Web service interfaces are like remote procedure call and the interaction protocols are manually written. On the other side, the Semantic Web community focuses on reasoning about web resources by explicitly declaring their preconditions and effects with terms precisely defined in ontologies. For the composition of Web services, they draw on the goal-oriented inferencing from planning. So far, both approaches have been developed rather independently from each other. We compare these approaches and discuss their solutions to the problems of modeling, composing, executing, and verifying Web services. We discuss what makes the Web service composition so special and derive challenges for the AI planning community.