Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Slope of the Cluster Elliptical Red Sequence: A Probe of Cluster Evolution

The current formation models for cluster elliptical galaxies, which incorporate a mechanism for the metallicity enhancement of massive elliptical galaxies, predict a change in the observed slope of the red sequence of elliptical galaxies as a function of redshift. This change occurs primarily because the metal-rich galaxies become redder faster than the more metal-poor galaxies with increasing age. This effect is most pronounced within ~4 Gyr of formation. Observations of the change of the slope of the red sequence with redshift may thus be used to constrain the formation epoch for galaxy clusters. We examine the red sequence of cluster elliptical galaxies using publicly available Hubble Space Telescope imaging data for a set of six 0.75 > z > 0.2 clusters and a sample of 44 Abell clusters at z < 0.15, imaged with the KPNO 0.9 m. We compare the derived slopes of the red sequences with a set of cluster elliptical evolution models and find good agreement. We demonstrate that such a comparison provides a useful constraint on the formation epoch for clusters, which can be made independently from considerations of absolute color evolution and scatter in the red sequence. From our initial comparison of the observed and model slopes as a function of redshift, we conclude, conservatively, that most of the elliptical galaxies in the cores of clusters must form at z > 2.0 and that these galaxies are coeval and passively evolving.
SPAND: Shared Passive Network Performance Discovery

In the Internet today, users and applications must often make decisions based on the performance they expect to receive from other Internet hosts. For example, users can often view many Web pages in low-bandwidth or high-bandwidth versions, while other pages present users with long lists of mirror sites to chose from. Current techniques to perform these decisions are often ad hoc or poorly designed. The most common solution used today is to require the user to manually make decisions based on their own experience and whatever information is provided by the application. Previous efforts to automate this decision-making process have relied on isolated, active network probes from a host. Unfortunately, this method of making measurements has several problems. Active probing introduces unnecessary network traffic that can quickly become a significant part of the total traffic handled by busy Web servers. Probing from a single host results in less accurate information and more redundant network probes than a system that shares information with nearby hosts. In this paper, we propose a system called SPAND (Shared Passive Network Performance Discovery) that determines network characteristics by making shared, passive measurements from a collection of hosts. In this paper, we show why using passive measurements from a collection of hosts has advantages over using active measurements from a single host. We also show that sharing measurements can significantly increase the accuracy and timeliness of predictions. In addition, we present a initial prototype design of SPAND, the current implementation status of our system, and initial performance results that show the potential benefits of SPAND.
ALGORITHMS FOR THE MATRIX SECTOR FUNCTION

In this paper we consider algorithms for the matrix sector func tio , which is a generalization of the matrix sign function. We develop algorithms for computing the ma trix sector function based on the (real) Schur decompositions, with and without reordering and the Parlett recurrence. We prove some results on the convergence regions for the specialized versions of Newton’s and Halley ’s methods applied to the matrix sector function, using recent results of Iannazzo for the principal matrix pth root. Numerical experiments comparing the properties of algorithms developed in this paper illustrate the differenc es in the behaviour of the algorithms. We consider the conditioning of the matrix sector function and the stability of Newton’s and Halley’s methods. We also prove a characterization of the Fr échet derivative of the matrix sector function, which is a gen eralization of the result of Kenney and Laub for the Fr échet derivative of the matrix sign function, and we provide a way of computing it by Newton’s iteration.
The Impact of HIV Co-Infection on the Genomic Response to Sepsis

HIV patients have an increased risk to develop sepsis and HIV infection affects several components of the immune system involved in sepsis pathogenesis. We hypothesized that HIV infection might aggrevate the aberrant immune response during sepsis, so we aimed to determine the impact of HIV infection on the genomic host response to sepsis. We compared whole blood leukocyte gene expression profiles among sepsis patients with or without HIV co-infection in the intensive care unit (ICU) and validated our findings in a cohort of patients admitted to the same ICUs in a different time frame. To examine the influence of HIV infection per se, we also determined the expression of genes of interest in a cohort of asymptomatic HIV patients. We identified a predominantly common host response in sepsis patients with or without HIV co-infection. HIV positive sepsis patients in both ICU cohorts showed overexpression of genes involved in granzyme signaling (GZMA, GZMB), cytotoxic T-cell signaling (CD8A, CD8B) and T-cell inhibitory signaling (LAG3), compared to HIV negative patients. Enhanced expression of CD8A, CD8B and LAG3 was also unmasked in asymptomatic HIV patients. Plasma levels of granzymes in sepsis patients were largely below detection limit, without differences according to HIV status. These results demonstrate that sepsis is characterized by a massive common response with few differences between HIV positive and HIV negative sepsis patients. Observed differences in granzyme signaling, cytotoxic T-cell signaling and T-cell inhibitory signaling appear to be changes commonly observed in asymptomatic HIV patients which persist during sepsis.
Degrees of expatriate management adjustment : a study of expatriate managers working in the Libyan oil industry

In this study my focus/aim/main concern is the successful or unsuccessful adjustment of non- Libyans from across the world who have worked in Libyan oil companies. I want to know what factors create success. To help me to do this I also ask some Libyan managers (who have worked out of Libya) what they think makes for success. From this data, I have derived a model which identifies the differences between all the other process models for expatriate success and my own Libyan contextual model. The study of socio-cultural and psychological adjustment in the literature on cross-cultural adjustment has maintained that there is a difference between these forms of adjustment, however I wanted to investigate the possibility that there might be a close relation between the two. My study is relevant as international mobility and cross-cultural adjustment is becoming a common experience for a growing number of employees sent on long-term international assignments. The methodology used initially starts with the collection of quantitative data then moves toward a more interpretive stance; with the collection of qualitative data therefore I adopted an interpretivist paradigm using numbers and words. In my study a questionnaire was distributed to a group of participants because of quantitative analysis of the data collected a subsequent group were identified who are at either end of the cross-cultural adjustment scale and they were invited to take part in an interview. Because of the qualitative analysis of data gathered from these interviews an exploration was carried out using thematic analysis to discover whether managerial, organisational or societal factors have had an impact on these individuals’ feelings of adjustment. A key aim was to clearly identify the factors that affect adjustment. My process model for an Arabic nation is based on the adjustment of expatriate managers working in the Libyan oil industry and highlighting the key factors that influence their ability to adjust. My findings indicate that a manager coming from an individualised society to a more collective one or vice versa, may have difficulty in adjusting or feeling they are a part of the group. Such feelings are related to the theories of social identity and social categorisation. There has been very little previous expatriate adjustment research carried out using an interpretivist methodology, which I have conducted to find out these managers’ actual perceptions hence can talk about their levels of adjustment and the need for experience
La formación pedagógica y el uso de las tecnologías de la información y comunicación dentro del proceso enseñanza aprendizaje como una propuesta para mejorar su actividad docente

Resumen: La presente investigacion surge de un especial interes por conocer cual es el Impacto de la Formacion Pedagogica y el uso de las Tecnologias de la Informacion y Comunicacion dentro del proceso ensenanza aprendizaje como propuesta para su profesionalizacion del docente de la Universidad Tecnologica de Mexico Campus Sur, la cual se encuentra ubicada en Calzada Ermita Iztapalapa, Colonia Granjas Esmeralda de la Delegacion Iztapalapa en la Ciudad de Mexico. El diseno de la investigacion consiste en un estudio de caso unico inclusivo, en el cual se combinan las caracteristicas del diseno a partir de muestras. La solucion metodologica, expresion del cumplimiento del objetivo, se presenta como principal componente en una propuesta metodologica de un curso para docentes en dos niveles: basico y avanzado, ademas de otra propuesta para el desarrollo de un programa instruccional en el que los profesores podran elaborar sus propios cursos en linea. Palabras claves: Formacion Pedagogica, Tecnologias de la Informacion y Comunicacion, Procesos de Ensenanza-aprendizaje. Abstract: The present research arises from a special interest to know what is the Impact of Pedagogical Training and the use of Information and Communication Technologies within the teaching learning process as a proposal for its professionalization of the teacher of the Technological University of Mexico Campus Sur, which is located in Calzada Ermita Iztapalapa, Colonia Esmeralda Farm of the Iztapalapa Delegation in Mexico City. The research design consists of a single inclusive case study, in which the characteristics of the design are combined from samples. The methodological solution, an expression of the fulfillment of the objective, is presented as the main component in a methodological proposal of a course for teachers at two levels: basic and advanced, as well as another proposal for the development of an instructional program in which teachers can elaborate their own online courses. KEY WORDS: Pedagogical Training, Information and Communication Technologies, Teaching-learning processes.
Coordinated Beamforming for MISO Interference Channel: Complexity Analysis and Efficient Algorithms

In a cellular wireless system, users located at cell edges often suffer significant out-of-cell interference. Assuming each base station is equipped with multiple antennas, we can model this scenario as a multiple-input single-output (MISO) interference channel. In this paper we consider a coordinated beamforming approach whereby multiple base stations jointly optimize their downlink beamforming vectors in order to simultaneously improve the data rates of a given group of cell edge users. Assuming perfect channel knowledge, we formulate this problem as the maximization of a system utility (which balances user fairness and average user rates), subject to individual power constraints at each base station. We show that, for the single-carrier case and when the number of antennas at each base station is at least two, the optimal coordinated beamforming problem is NP-hard for both the harmonic mean utility and the proportional fairness utility. For general utilities, we propose a cyclic coordinate descent algorithm, which enables each transmitter to update its beamformer locally with limited information exchange and establish its global convergence to a stationary point. We illustrate its effectiveness in computer simulations by using the space matched beamformer as the benchmark.
EXTENDED LATTICE BOLTZMANN EQUATION FOR SIMULATION OF FLOWS AROUND BLUFF BODIES IN HIGH REYNOLDS NUMBE R

The Lattice Boltzmann method, a molecule kinetic-ba sed approach, is presented to solve fluid dynamics. Based on the theory of turbul ence and molecule kinetics, an extended Lattice Boltzmann equation is put forward to solve turbulent flow with high Reynolds number, in which sub-grid turbulence model is used to simul ate vortex viscosity as well as turbulence relaxation time is introduced to modify the normal LBGK equation. The method to evaluate the turbulence relaxation time with particle distri bution function is proposed combining with Smagorinsky turbulence model. Further more, the ext ended Lattice Boltzmann method is applied to simulate the flows around square cylinde r in the range of Reynolds number from 10 to 100,000 and circular cylinder with Reynolds n umbers from 10 to 140,000.
Hierarchical Cluster Analysis of a Convection-Allowing Ensemble during the Hazardous Weather Testbed 2009 Spring Experiment. Part II: Ensemble Clustering over the Whole Experiment Period

AbstractTwenty-member real-time convection-allowing storm-scale ensemble forecasts with perturbations to model physics, dynamics, initial conditions (IC), and lateral boundary conditions (LBC) during the NOAA Hazardous Weather Testbed Spring Experiment provide a unique opportunity to study the relative impact of different sources of perturbation on convection-allowing ensemble diversity. In Part II of this two-part study, systematic similarity/dissimilarity of hourly precipitation forecasts among ensemble members from the spring season of 2009 are identified using hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) with a fuzzy object-based threat score (OTS), developed in Part I. In addition to precipitation, HCA is also performed on ensemble forecasts using the traditional Euclidean distance for wind speed at 10 m and 850 hPa, and temperature at 500 hPa.At early lead times (3 h, valid at 0300 UTC) precipitation forecasts cluster primarily by data assimilation and model dynamic core, indicating a dominating impact of mo.
CSAE WPS / 2006-08 Housing Wealth , Credit Conditions and Consumption

There is widespread disagreement about the role of housing wealth in explaining consumption. Much of the empirical literature is marred by poor controls for the common drivers both of house prices and consumption, including income, income growth expectations, interest rates, credit supply conditions, other assets and indicators of income uncertainty (such as changes in the unemployment rate). For instance, while the easing of credit supply conditions is usually followed by a house price boom, failure to control for the direct effect of credit liberalization on consumption can over-estimate the effect of housing wealth or collateral on consumption. This paper suggests an empirical model grounded in theory with more complete controls than hitherto used. It is applied to modeling consumption in the UK and South Africa. Both countries experienced substantial credit market liberalization and rising consumption to income ratios. However, South Africas circumstances in the 1980s prevented an asset price boom, thus allowing the illumination of the direct role of credit liberalization. The paper incorporates methodological improvements in the measurement of credit conditions, and also clarifies the multi-faceted effects of credit liberalization on consumption. _________________________________________________________________________________________ * This is a revised and extended version of Aron and Muellbauer (2000b), incorporating UK evidence, and updating the South African wealth data. We are grateful for comments on earlier drafts from Olympia Bover, Angus Deaton, Jim Poterba and seminar participants at the IMF. We are very grateful for data discussions to Michael Kock, Danie Meyer, Coen Pretorius, Johan Prinsloo and Johan van den Heever of the South African Reserve Bank. This research was funded by the Department for International Development (grant numbers R7291, R7911 and R8311), an Economic and Social Research Council Research Fellowship (H52427003594), and ESRC grant (R000237500). The U.K. Department for International Development (DFID) supports policies, programmes and projects to promote international development. DFID provided funds for this study as part of that objective but the views and opinions expressed are those of the authors alone. Our South African research can be found at: http://www.csae. ox.ac. uk/, link to The South African Macroeconomic Research Programme.
Binary tree-structured vector quantization approach to clustering and visualizing microarray data

MOTIVATION With the increasing number of gene expression databases, the need for more powerful analysis and visualization tools is growing. Many techniques have successfully been applied to unravel latent similarities among genes and/or experiments. Most of the current systems for microarray data analysis use statistical methods, hierarchical clustering, self-organizing maps, support vector machines, or k-means clustering to organize genes or experiments into 'meaningful' groups. Without prior explicit bias almost all of these clustering methods applied to gene expression data not only produce different results, but may also produce clusters with little or no biological relevance. Of these methods, agglomerative hierarchical clustering has been the most widely applied, although many limitations have been identified. RESULTS Starting with a systematic comparison of the underlying theories behind clustering approaches, we have devised a technique that combines tree-structured vector quantization and partitive k-means clustering (BTSVQ). This hybrid technique has revealed clinically relevant clusters in three large publicly available data sets. In contrast to existing systems, our approach is less sensitive to data preprocessing and data normalization. In addition, the clustering results produced by the technique have strong similarities to those of self-organizing maps (SOMs). We discuss the advantages and the mathematical reasoning behind our approach.
Eye-tracking to model and adapt to user meta-cognition in intelligent learning environments

In this paper we describe research on using eye-tracking data for on-line assessment of user meta-cognitive behavior during the interaction with an intelligent learning environment. We describe the probabilistic user model that processes this information, and its formal evaluation. We show that adding eye-tracker information significantly improves the model accuracy on assessing user exploration and self-explanation behaviors.
PENGARUH MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INKUIRI TERBIMBING TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KOGNITIF PEMECAHAN MASALAH SAINS ANAK KELOMPOK B

Abstract: This quantitative research has purpose to know the effect of guided inquiry-based learning to student’s cognitive in science problem solving of the second grade at the kindergarten of Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal 60 Tambaksari, Surabaya. The objects of the study are 20 students at the kindergarten of Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal 60 Tambaksari, Surabaya at the second grade. Data were collected by observing and interviewing. The analysis was made by using wilcoxon test fasillitated by SPSS for windows v.15. From analyzing the data, it showed that p= 0.000 was less than α=0.05, so, Ha was acceptable and Ho was rejected. Thus it can be concluded that guided inquiry-based learning can effect to student’s cognitive in science problem solving of the second grade at kindergarten of Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal 60 Tambaksari, Surabaya. Keywords: Guided inkuiri-based learning, Cognitive in science problem solving Abstrak: Penelitian kuantitatif ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing terhadap kemampuan kognitif pemecahan masalah sains anak kelompok B di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal 60 Tambaksari Surabaya. Sampel pada penelitian ini yaitu anak kelompok B TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal 60 Tambaksari Surabaya yang berjumlah 20 anak. Teknik pengumpulan data penelitian ini yaitu observasi dan dokumentasi. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan yaitu uji wilcoxon dengan bantuan software SPSS for windows v.15. Hasil analisis data menunjukkan bahwa =0,000 lebih kecil dari =0,05, sehingga Ha diterima dan Ho ditolak. Dengan demikian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing dapat mempengaruhi kemampuan kognitif pemecahan masalah sains anak kelompok B di TK Aisyiyah Bustanul Athfal 60 Tambaksari Surabaya. Kata Kunci: Model pembelajaran inkuiri terbimbing, Kemampuan kognitif pemecahan masalah sains
NOTES ON THE FIDELITY OF SYMPLECTIC QUANTUM ERROR-CORRECTING CODES

Two observations are given on the fidelity of schemes for quantum information processing. In the first one, we show that the fidelity of a symplectic (stabilizer) code, if properly defined, exactly equals the "probability" of the correctable errors for general quantum channels. The second observation states that for any coding rate below the quantum capacity, exponential convergence of the fidelity of some codes to unity is possible.
Are the Magellanic Clouds on Their First Passage about the Milky Way?

Recent proper-motion measurements of the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC, respectively) by Kallivayalil and coworkers suggest that the 3D velocities of the Clouds are substantially higher (~100 km s-1) than previously estimated and now approach the escape velocity of the Milky Way (MW). Previous studies have also assumed that the Milky Way can be adequately modeled as an isothermal sphere to large distances. Here we reexamine the orbital history of the Clouds using the new velocities and a ΛCDM-motivated MW model with virial mass Mvir = 1012 M☉ (e.g., Klypin and coworkers). We conclude that the LMC and SMC are either currently on their first passage about the MW or, if the MW can be accurately modeled by an isothermal sphere to distances ≳200 kpc (i.e., Mvir > 2 × 1012 M☉), that their orbital period and apogalacticon distance must be a factor of 2 larger than previously estimated, increasing to 3 Gyr and 200 kpc, respectively. A first passage scenario is consistent with the fact that the LMC and SMC appear to be outliers when compared to other satellite galaxies of the MW: they are irregular in appearance and are moving faster. We discuss the implications of this orbital analysis for our understanding of the star formation history, the nature of the warp in the MW disk and the origin of the Magellanic Stream (MS), a band of H I gas trailing the LMC and SMC that extends ~100° across the sky. Specifically, as a consequence of the new orbital history of the Clouds, the origin of the MS may not be explainable by current tidal and ram pressure stripping models.