Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reducing Stigma and Encouraging Help Seeking Intentions Through a Mental Health Literacy Program

Reducing Stigma and Fostering Help-seeking Intentions Through a Mental Health Literacy Program by Nicole Loreto MSc, Syracuse University, 2001 BS, Laurentian University, 1986 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Health Psychology Walden University October 2017 Abstract Many individuals do not seek help for a mental health problem due to stigma and fear ofMany individuals do not seek help for a mental health problem due to stigma and fear of rejection by peers and family. Researchers have highlighted that the age group least likely to seek help is youth. Stigma acts as an important barrier to help-seeking. Evidence indicating how mental health literacy can reduce stigma and encourage help-seeking remains inconclusive. In this study, the health belief model was used to understand how college students perceived an individual’s susceptibility to mental illness and the barriers associated with seeking help. A posttest-only randomized controlled trial evaluated the impact of the Is It Just Me? mental health literacy program among college students and assessed whether the program was effective in generating changes in knowledge, lessening stigma, and encouraging help-seeking intentions should students experience a mental health problem. Gender and age data were collected for background information. The results of 2-tailed t tests showed less stigma p = . 047, t = -2.02 in the experimental (M= 18.30, SD (2.21) compared to the control condition (M 17.02, SD (3.78)), with no effect on knowledge. With respect to help-seeking intentions, the control condition scored significantly higher than the experimental condition. In conclusion, college students who participated in this short-term mental health literacy program reported less stigma but also less help-seeking. Thus, the program contributed to a greater understanding and acceptance of people living with mental illness. Breaking down stigma and encouraging early intervention for students to seek help if they experience mental health problems can lead to better recovery outcomes and healthier trajectories. Reducing Stigma and Fostering Help-seeking Intentions Through a Mental Health Literacy Program by Nicole Loreto MSc, Syracuse University, 2001 BS, Laurentian University, 1986 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Health Psychology Walden University October 2017 Dedication This dissertation is dedicated to my fiancé and children, who have been so supportive in this major milestone for me.
Grit and academic performance among first-year university students: A brief report

This study examined grit and academic performance among a sample of South African university students (n = 121, mean age = 19.55, SD = 1.77, female = 57.85%). Data were collected using the Grit Scale and academic performance was assessed over one academic semester. Simple regression analysis was computed to predict students’ academic achievement from components of their self-reported grit. The grit component of consistency of interest accounted for 3% of the variance in the student’s academic achievement scores. Similarly, the grit component of perseverance of effort explained 9% of the variance in scores. Students who scored high on the Grit Scale also obtained higher academic marks compared to participants who scored low on the same instrument. The findings suggest that grit is an important personal resource for higher education students.
Net-Activism. How digital technologies have been changing individual and collective actions

Recently, the digital architectures of interaction have also become, more than a new information architecture, a new ecology of dialogue and participation. In addition to the new forms of debate and interaction which are expressed far beyond the dynamics of modern public opinion, the digital networks have opened spaces of experimentation for new decision-making collaborative practices. In several areas, the creation of platforms and architectures of debate and deliberations is putting new questions about the technological possibility of overcoming the representative democracy. Finally, this new digital ecology has been changing social actions in everyday life. The book analyzes these phenomena both through a theoretical reflection (first part) and by some case studies (second part), as the result of the activities promoted by the Net-Activism International Research Network based on Atopos Lab in Universidade de Sao Paulo. At the Network join: Universita degli Studi “Roma Tre”, Universidade Lusofona do Porto, Universite de Lille 2, Fondation Maison des Sciences de l’Homme, Paris. Francesco Antonelli is Research Fellow in Sociology at the Department of Political Sciences, Universita degli Studi “Roma Tre”. Recent publications: “European Politics of Numbers: Sociological Perspectives on Official Statistics. General Trends”, International Review of Sociology , 26,3, 2016; L’Europa del dissenso. Teorie e analisi sociopolitiche , Milano, Franco Angeli 2016.
The Implicit Association Test at Age 7: A Methodological and Conceptual Review

A mong earthly organisms, humans have a unique propensity to introspect or look inward into the contents of their own minds, and to share those observations with others. With the ability to introspect comes the palpable feeling of " knowing, " of being objective or certain, of being mentally in control of one's thoughts, aware of the causes of one's thoughts, feelings, and actions, and of making decisions deliberately and rationally. Among the noteworthy discoveries of 20th century psychology was a challenge posed to this assumption of rationality. From the groundbreaking theorizing of Herbert Simon (1955) and the mind-boggling problems posed by Kahneman, Slovik, and Tversky (1982) to striking demonstrations of illusions of control (Wegner, 2002), the paucity of introspection (Nisbett and Wilson, 1977), and the automaticity of everyday thought (Bargh, 1997), psychologists have shown the frailties of the minds of their species. As psychologists have come to grips with the limits of the mind, there has been an increased interest in measuring aspects of thinking and feeling that may not be easily accessed or available to consciousness. Innovations in measurement have been undertaken with the purpose of bringing under scrutiny new forms of cogni-tion and emotion that were previously undiscovered and especially by asking if traditional concepts such as attitude and preference, belief and stereotype, self-concept and self-esteem can be rethought based on what the new measures reveal. These newer measures do not require introspection on the part of the subject. For many constructs this is considered a valuable, if not essential, feature of measurement; for others, avoiding introspection is greeted with suspicion and skepticism. For example, one approach to measuring math ability would be to ask " how good are you at math? " whereas an alternative approach is to infer math ability via a performance on a math skills test. The former requires introspection to assess the relevant construct, the latter does not. And yet, the latter is accepted
Environmentally induced epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of sperm epimutations promote genetic mutations

A variety of environmental factors have been shown to induce the epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of disease and phenotypic variation. This involves the germline transmission of epigenetic information between generations. Exposure specific transgenerational sperm epimutations have been previously observed. The current study was designed to investigate the potential role genetic mutations have in the process, using copy number variations (CNV). In the first (F1) generation following exposure, negligible CNV were identified; however, in the transgenerational F3 generation, a significant increase in CNV was observed in the sperm. The genome-wide locations of differential DNA methylation regions (epimutations) and genetic mutations (CNV) were investigated. Observations suggest the environmental induction of the epigenetic transgenerational inheritance of sperm epimutations promote genome instability, such that genetic CNV mutations are acquired in later generations. A combination of epigenetics and genetics is suggested to be involved in the transgenerational phenotypes. The ability of environmental factors to promote epigenetic inheritance that subsequently promotes genetic mutations is a significant advance in our understanding of how the environment impacts disease and evolution.
Large Eddy Simulation of Shallow Cumulus Convection during BOMEX: Sensitivity to Microphysics and Radiation

A number of large eddy simulations with the Regional Atmospheric Modeling System have been made to study the sensitivity of shallow marine cumulus convection to different microphysics and radiation schemes. In particular, the sensitivity of shallow marine cumulus convection to drizzle and radiation effects, and how drizzle and radiation modify turbulent fluxes, are investigated. It is shown that for the case of prescribed radiative heating, drizzle—albeit very slight—leads to reduced buoyancy fluxes and less turbulence. Consequently, drizzling boundary layers appear to entrain less than their nondrizzling counterpart. Heavy drizzle events are simulated in association with deeper clouds as high as 2 km, even though the majority of clouds are only a few hundred meters deep. A heavier and longer lasting drizzle episode associated with a deeper boundary layer is produced when a two-stream radiative parameterization replaces the prescribed radiative heating in the simulation. Simulated surface precipitation rates agree reasonably well with observations. The greatest alteration in boundary layer structure is obtained when radiative heating interacts explicitly with the broadened drop distribution associated with drizzle formation.
The Degree Sequence of a Scale-Free Random Graph Process with Hard Copying

In this paper we consider a simple model of random graph process with {\it hard} copying as follows: At each time step $t$, with probability $0<\alpha\leq 1$ a new vertex $v_t$ is added and $m$ edges incident with $v_t$ are added in the manner of {\it preferential attachment}; or with probability $1-\alpha$ an existing vertex is copied uniformly at random. In this way, while a vertex with large degree is copied, the number of added edges is its degree and thus the number of added edges is not upper bounded. We prove that, in the case of $\alpha$ being large enough, the model possesses a mean degree sequence as $ d_{k}\sim Ck^{-(1+2\alpha)}$, where $d_k$ is the limit mean proportion of vertices of degree $k$.
Spatially Aware Melanoma Segmentation Using Hybrid Deep Learning Techniques

In this paper, we proposed using a hybrid method that utilises deep convolutional and recurrent neural networks for accurate delineation of skin lesion of images supplied with ISBI 2017 lesion segmentation challenge. The proposed method was trained using 1800 images and tested on 150 images from ISBI 2017 challenge.
Improving type error diagnosis

We present a number of methods for providing improved type error reports in the Haskell and Chameleon programming languages. We build upon our previous work [19] where we first introduced the idea of discovering type errors by translating the typing problem into a constraint problem and looking for minimal unsatisfiable subsets of constraints. This allowed us to find precise sets of program locations which are in conflict with each other. Here we extend this approach by extracting additional useful information from these minimal unsatisfiable sets. This allows us to report errors as conflicts amongst a number of possible, candidate types. The advantage of our approach is that it offers implementors the flexibility to employ heuristics to select where, amongst all the locations involved, an error should be reported. In addition, we present methods for providing improved subsumption and ambiguity error reporting.
A Semi-Analytic Approach to Euler Singularities

This paper reviews the efforts to construct (or prove the impossibility of) singular solutions of the Euler equations for three dimensional incompressible flow. A semi-analytic approach to this problem is formulated based on numerical computation of complex traveling wave solutions, followed by perturbation construction of a real solution, for axisymmetric flow with swirl. The perturbation analysis depends on small amplitude of the singularity in the traveling wave solution, for small swirl in the underlying background flow.
Variation in Form and Function in Jewish English Intonation

Intonation has long been noted as a salient feature of American Jewish English speech (Weinreich, 1956); however, there has not been much systematic study of how, exactly Jewish English intonation is distinct, and to what extent Yiddish has played a role in this distinctness. This dissertation examines the impact of Yiddish on Jewish English intonation in the Jewish community of Dayton, Ohio, and how features of Yiddish intonation are used in Jewish English. 20 participants were interviewed for a production study. The participants were balanced for gender, age, religion (Jewish or not), and language background (whether or not they spoke Yiddish in addition to English). In addition, recordings were made of a local Yiddish club. The production study revealed differences in both the form and function in Jewish English, and that Yiddish was the likely source for that difference. The Yiddish-speaking participants were found to both have distinctive productions of rise-falls, including higher peaks, and a wider pitch range, in their Yiddish, as well as in their English produced during the Yiddish club meetings. The younger Jewish English participants also showed a wider pitch range in some situations during the interviews. The Jewish English participants also showed an increased use of rising pitch accents in listing contexts, as well as (! )H-L% boundary tones in narratives and a discourse completion task. The source of this increased use of (! )H-L% contours appears to be in Yiddish, as similar boundaries, as a part of a rise-fall contour, were found to be used in similar scenarios in the Yiddish DCT task by the Yiddish speakers. It is hypothesized that these contours can function more readily as a way of linking clauses together in Yiddish and Jewish English, compared to Standard English. The Yiddish speakers also showed other distinctions, in the
Attitudes towards science: A review of the literature and its implications

This article offers a review of the major literature about attitudes to science and its implications over the past 20 years. It argues that the continuing decline in numbers choosing to study science at the point of choice requires a research focus on students' attitudes to science if the nature of the problem is to be understood and remediated. Starting from a consideration of what is meant by attitudes to science, it considers the problems inherent to their measurement, what is known about students' attitudes towards science and the many factors of influence such as gender, teachers, curricula, cultural and other variables. The literature itself points to the crucial importance of gender and the quality of teaching. Given the importance of the latter we argue that there is a greater need for research to identify those aspects of science teaching that make school science engaging for pupils. In particular, a growing body of research on motivation offers important pointers to the kind of classroom environment and activities that might raise pupils' interest in studying school science and a focus for future research.
On Learning to Think: Algorithmic Information Theory for Novel Combinations of Reinforcement Learning Controllers and Recurrent Neural World Models

This paper addresses the general problem of reinforcement learning (RL) in partially observable environments. In 2013, our large RL recurrent neural networks (RNNs) learned from scratch to drive simulated cars from high-dimensional video input. However, real brains are more powerful in many ways. In particular, they learn a predictive model of their initially unknown environment, and somehow use it for abstract (e.g., hierarchical) planning and reasoning. Guided by algorithmic information theory, we describe RNN-based AIs (RNNAIs) designed to do the same. Such an RNNAI can be trained on never-ending sequences of tasks, some of them provided by the user, others invented by the RNNAI itself in a curious, playful fashion, to improve its RNN-based world model. Unlike our previous model-building RNN-based RL machines dating back to 1990, the RNNAI learns to actively query its model for abstract reasoning and planning and decision making, essentially "learning to think. " The basic ideas of this report can be applied to many other cases where one RNN-like system exploits the algorithmic information content of another. They are taken from a grant proposal submitted in Fall 2014, and also explain concepts such as "mirror neurons. " Experimental results will be described in separate papers.
Weight Distribution and Bounds of Turbo-Code with 3 Dimensions

— To evaluate the performance of the code, it is indispensable to know how to calculate the probability of error in decoding. The weight distribution and the enumerator polynomial input-output of the code are very useful in studying the probability of error that occurs when using a maximum likelihood decoding. In this paper, we are interested the performances of turbo-code 3 dimensional (TC-3D) when it is decoded on optimizing criterion the maximum likelihood. First, we determine the mean weight distribution and the enumerator polynomial input-output of this code, which provides an upper bound on its minimum distance. Then we deduce from this distribution the bound probability of error by bit and by word on the Gaussian channel.
Association between Asthma and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Meta-Analysis

Objective We conducted a meta-analysis to summarize the evidence from epidemiological studies of the association between asthma and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Methods A literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library for studies published before February 2nd, 2016. Observational studies investigating the association between asthma and ASD were included. A random effects model was used to calculate the pooled risk estimates for the outcome. Subgroup analysis was used to explore potential sources of heterogeneity and publication bias was estimated using Begg's and Egger's tests. Results Ten studies encompassing 175,406 participants and 8,809 cases of ASD were included in this meta-analysis. In the cross-sectional studies, the prevalence of asthma in ASD was 20.4%, while the prevalence of asthma in controls was 15.4% (P < 0.001). The pooled odds ratio (OR) for the prevalence of asthma in ASD in the cross-sectional studies was 1.26 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.98–1.61) (P = 0.07), with moderate heterogeneity (I2 = 65.0%, P = 0.02) across studies. In the case-control studies, the pooled OR for the prevalence of asthma in ASD was 0.98 (95% CI: 0.68–1.43) (P = 0.94), and there was no evidence of an association between asthma and ASD. No evidence of significant publication bias on the association between asthma and ASD was found. Conclusions In conclusion, the results of this meta-analysis do not suggest an association between asthma and ASD. Further prospective studies ascertaining the association between asthma and ASD are warranted.
Distributed Scientiic Data Processing Using the Dbc

The Distributed Batch Controller DBC supports scienti c batch data processing The DBC dis tributes batch jobs to one or more pools of workstations and monitors and controls their execution The pools themselves may be geographically distributed and need not be dedicated to process ing batch jobs We describe the use of the DBC in a large scienti c data processing application namely the generation of atmospheric temperature and humidity pro les from satellite data This application shows that the DBC can be an e ective platform for distributed batch processing It also highlights several design and implementation issues that arise in distributed data processing systems
Welcome Insider Ownership and Corporate Value : Evidences from Real Estate Investment Trusts ¤

Real estate investment trusts (REITs) provides us a unique laboratory to study the relation between insider ownership and ̄rm value, since REITs have to satisfy special regulations which render alternative mechanisms to control agency problems ine®ective. After controlling for unobserved ̄rm heterogeneity, we still ̄nd a signi ̄cant nonlinear relation between REIT insider ownership and Tobin's Q that is positive at low levels and negative at high levels of insider ownership. Additional hypotheses are tested on the Umbrella Partnership REITs (UPREITs) which have two forms of ownership. Property owners can contribute their properties to the UPREIT in exchange for Operating Partnership Units (OP units). Their capital gains taxes remain deferred as long as they hold onto their OP units and the UPREIT does not sell the properties they contributed. The property owners have incentive and expertise to monitor ̄rm management, but their interests diverge from the common shareholders because their tax bases are much lower. Empirically, we ̄nd that Tobin's Q of the UPREITs increases with the amount of OP units held by the property owners. However, too much OP units in the hands of insiders detracts ̄rm value.
The complexity of resolution refinements

Resolution is the most widely studied approach to propositional theorem proving. In developing efficient resolution-based algorithms, dozens of variants and refinements of resolution have been studied from both the empirical and analytical sides. The most prominent of these refinements are: DP (Davis-Putnam) (ordered), DLL (tree), semantic, negative, linear and regular resolution. In this paper, we characterize and study these six refinements of resolution. We give a nearly complete characterization of the relative complexities of all six refinements. While many of the important separations and simulations were already known, many new ones are presented in this paper; in particular, we give the first separation of semantic resolution from general resolution. As a special case, we obtain the first exponential separation of negative resolution from general resolution. We also attempt to present a unifying framework for studying all of these refinements.
Validation of the Polish adaptation of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire

In this research study the Polish adaptation of the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ; Baer, Smith, Hopkins, Krietemeyer, & Toney, 2006) was developed based on strong results of empirical research. A model of mindfulness was presented in which five factors (Acting With Attention, Nonreactivity, Nonjudging, Observing, and Describing) are cited as essential in facilitating health and well-being. In this study the English version of 39-item FFMQ was used to develop the Polish adaptation. The psychometric properties of the Polish FFMQ were assessed in a sample of 800 people (200 artistically gifted young people aged 15-19 years and 600 adults aged 20-50 years) through a validation procedure (reliability analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and analysis of correlations with other tests measuring psychological variables such as neuroticism, emotional stability, rumination, openness to experience, extraversion, and reflection). The results confirmed the reliability of the test (Cronbach’s α = .73-.86), except in the case of the Nonreactivity scale (α = 0,65-0,66) as well as the validity (4-factor hierarchical model without the Observing scale) of the Polish FFMQ for nonclinical populations aged 15-50 years. Replications in meditating samples and in patients are needed.