Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On Clinical Diagnostics of Social Cognition in Patients with Epilepsies

Patienten mit Epilepsie leiden häufiger an interpersonellen Problemen und kommunikativen Schwierigkeiten als Patienten mit anderen chronischen Erkrankungen. Heute können wir davon ausgehen, dass zumindest bei Patienten mit fokalen Epilepsien frontalen und temporalen Ursprungs Strukturen in ihrer funktionellen Integrität beeinträchtigt sind, die für die soziale Kognition eine grosse Bedeutung haben. Der Funktionsbereich der sozialen Kognition umfasst komplexe Fähigkeiten der interpersonellen Zuschreibung mentaler Zustände wie auch basalere Prozesse der Emotionserkennung. Der Artikel stellt von den Autoren favorisierte neuropsychologische Testverfahren zur Diagnostik sozialer Fähigkeiten vor. Im zweiten Teil werden spezifische Ergebnisse aus Studien zur sozialen Kognition bei Patienten mit Temporallappenepilepsien präsentiert, die eine erhöhte Vulnerabilität dieses Funktionsbereiches belegen.
Microfungal oasis in an oligotrophic desert: diversity patterns and community structure in three freshwater systems of Cuatro Ciénegas, Mexico

The Cuatro Ciénegas Basin (CCB) comprises several oligotrophic aquatic ecosystems limited by phosphorus. These aquatic systems are dominated by a high prokaryotic diversity, shaped by the stress of low nutrient supplies and interspecific competition. Although fungi constitute a diverse and important component of microbial diversity, the microfungal diversity in the CCB remains to be unveiled. With the aim to explore microfungal diversity and ecological patterns in this area, we present the first investigation analyzing cultivable taxa from sediment and water, as well as lignocellulolytic taxa obtained from incubated submerged plant debris, and wood panels in three contrasting freshwater systems in the CCB: Churince, Becerra and Pozas Rojas. We chose a culture-based approach to analyze sediment and water samples in order to obtain fungal cultures, providing opportunities for a posteriori studies, and the possibility of ex situ preservation of the diversity. We evaluated sequence data from the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer including the 5.8 rDNA region for 126 isolates, revealing 37 OTUs. These OTUs were phylogenetically affiliated to several genera in the fungal phyla: Zygomycota, Basidiomycota, and Ascomycota. We recorded two OTUs with saline affinity, agreeing with previous findings on the prokaryotic communities with ancestral marine resemblances. All the studied systems showed moderate diversity levels, however discrepancies among the diversity indexes were observed, due to the occurrence of abundant taxa in the samples. Our results indicated that lignocellulolytic microfungal communities are dominated by transient fungal taxa, as resident species were not recorded perhaps as a result of the long-term strong competition with the highly adapted prokaryotic community. Moreover, the obtained microfungal taxa occurred mostly on the resident plant debris, rather than submerged wood panels, perhaps as a result of the high adaptation to specific environmental conditions. In conclusion, the CCB possess a moderate taxonomical diversity compared to other arid environments, probably as a result of high selective pressures. Nonetheless, due to high spatial and temporal heterogeneity, the functional fungal diversity was considerable as predicted by the intermediate disturbance hypothesis. Decisively, the assessment of microfungal diversity freshwater systems is relevant, since this ecological group of microorganisms represents an important indicator of trophic complexity and biotic interactions among microbial communities, having important implications for understanding eukaryotic survival at the oligotrophic limit for life.
Subject Choice by Students in Year 12 in Australian Secondary Schools. Longitudinal Surveys of Australian Youth Research Report.

The Longitudinal Surveys of Australian Youth (LSAY) project studies the progress of several groups of young Australians as they move from school into post-secondary education and/or work. The oldest group in the project was born in 1961 while the youngest were in Year 9 in 1995. Issues investigated in the LSAY project include school achievement and school completion, students in part-time work and employment and unemployment levels. This study looks at the diverse range of students who now stay to complete secondary school and the range of choices available to them in their selection of subjects, since it is argued that those choices influence differences in access to higher education, vocational education and training, and labour market outcomes. This report uses data from the 1995 cohort participating in the LSAY project, particularly the 1998 data on year 12 subject choice and the 1995 data relating to student demographics and achievement in literacy and numeracy. It examines patterns of subject enrolments in year 12 in Australian schools, and the relationship of those patterns to characteristics such as gender, socio-economic background, ethnic background, location of school, school system and earlier school enrolment.
Fundamental trade-offs on green wireless networks

Traditional mobile wireless network mainly design focuses on ubiquitous access and large capacity. However, as energy saving and environmental protection become global demands and inevitable trends, wireless researchers and engineers need to shift their focus to energy-efficiency-oriented design, that is, green radio. In this article, we propose a framework for green radio research and integrate the fundamental issues that are currently scattered. The skeleton of the framework consists of four fundamental tradeoffs: deployment efficiency-energy efficiency, spectrum efficiency-energy efficiency, bandwidth-power, and delay-power. With the help of the four fundamental trade-offs, we demonstrate that key network performance/cost indicators are all strung together.
Individualism, Uncertainty Avoidance and the Profitability of Momentum Strategies in International Markets

Prior research shows that momentum returns are unlikely to be explained by risk-based theories. Daniel, Hirshleifer, and Subrahmanyam (1998) show that momentum effect can be explained by investors overconfidence and self-attribution bias while Barberis, Shleifer, and Vishny (1998) and Hong and Stein (1999) document that momentum effect can be explained by investors under-reaction to information. Chui et al. (2010) document that cultural differences influence the returns of momentum strategies. Motivated by these studies, we examine the relationship between cognitive biases and the profitability of price and earnings momentum strategies in international markets. Specifically, we address two questions. First, we investigate the relationship between individualism, uncertainty avoidance and price momentum returns. Second, we investigate the relationship between individualism, uncertainty avoidance and earnings momentum returns. Using data from 41 countries we show that (1) the level of individualism in different countries is positively associated with the profitability of price and earnings momentum strategies, (2) the degree of uncertainty avoidance is negatively associated with the earnings momentum profits, but not correlated with price momentum profits. Collectively, our findings suggest that the variation in the profitability of price and earnings momentum strategies can be attributed to cognitive biases.
Attracting the Best: The Use of Honors Programs To Compete for Students.

This paper examines the development and role of honors programs and colleges at U.S. institutions of higher education. The creation of honors programs may be in response to increased competition between colleges for high-achieving students and heightened concerns in some states about brain drain. Little is known about the rate of growth of honors programs, their function within higher education, and the effects they have on host institutions and students. Using an empirical data set compiled from several sources, this study examined the types of colleges that have created honors programs and the characteristics and structures of these programs. It also considers how the development of honors programs has changed over time and how it relates to larger trends in higher education. The presence of honors programs appears widespread in the U.S. educational system, although they are a relatively new phenomenon. Nearly half of all public four-year colleges and universities have an honors program, and many are found at private institutions. Honors programs are most likely to be found at institutions ranked as very competitive or competitive, larger institutions, those with the Carnegie classification of research, or doctoral. Institutional patterns suggest that honors programs are indeed used as a competitive tool to attract high-achieving students. (Contains 10 tables and 17 references.) (SLD) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Attracting the Best: The Use of Honors Programs to Compete for Students U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) 1411)is document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. ID Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. Bridget Terry Long Harvard Graduate School of Education
Toxic leadership: emotional distress and coping strategy

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to elucidate the distressing impact of toxic leadership on the mental state of the subordinates and examine the unique coping mechanisms used by them to deal with such leaders. The paper also examined the relationship between psychological distress and coping strategy used by subordinates to deal with the toxic leader. Design/methodology/approach This study presents a validity testing of two scales. The first scale was designed to measure experienced psychological distress emanating from exposure to toxic leaders, and the second scale aims to assess the coping strategies utilized by subordinates to deal with the toxic leaders. Data were collected from 570 employees working in public as well as private organizations in India. Findings The results of this paper supported the theorized two three-dimensional tools to measure: psychological distress (loss of self-worth, withdrawal and agitated) and coping strategies to deal with toxic leaders (assertive coping, avoidance coping and adaptive coping). Reliability estimates and construct validity of both the tools were established. The results also suggest that the loss of self-worth was negatively related with assertive coping, avoidance coping and adaptive coping. However, withdrawal was positively related with assertive coping and avoidance coping. Finally, agitation was positively related with avoidance and adaptive coping. Originality/value To the authors’ knowledge, this is one of the rare studies to examine together the phenomenon of both psychological distress experienced by subordinates and the coping strategies utilized by them to deal with toxic leaders.
Joint Correspondence and Background Modeling Based on Tree Dynamic Programming

Foreground segmentation with moving camera is a challenging task due to the presence of parallax effect, registration error, scene variations in out door, and etc. Currently, background modeling techniques either assumes correspondence among pixels in concurrent frames or do not model it explicitly. The contribution by this paper is in two folds. First, we achieve a new background model by introducing correspondence into it. Second, we pose foreground segmentation and correspondence estimation as a labeling problem. Spatial context is enforced in shape of tree structure and global optimal label at each node is computed using dynamic programming. Finally, based on the optimal correspondence, background model is updated. Resultantly, parallax effect and registration error are reduced significantly. Primary experiments proved our algorithm to be robust in performance
The Identification research of bipolar disorder based on CNN

Bipolar disorder (BD), as a type of mood disorder, refers to the disease that has both manic episodes and depressive episodes. At present, the clinical diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder is often unsatisfactory, the disease always has a high rate of misdiagnosis and recurrence. The specific pathogenesis of bipolar disorder is still unclear, but related studies have shown that bipolar disorder is highly heritable, so a large number of studies have been carried out around the genomics of the disease, including some research combined with machine learning. Motivated by these research, we use the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) which through the Genome-wide association analysis (GWAS) obtained as molecular genetic markers, combined with Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) constructing a recognition model for bipolar disorder. The experimental results show that the overall recognition rate can up to 79%, compared to similar studies, our model has achieved excellent performance. In addition, unlike traditional GWAS for finding pathogenic sites, our study first attempted to use it as a feature selection method of data preprocessing in machine learning, the experimental results prove the feasibility of this method. We believe that our research will provide some new ideas for the precision diagnosis and treatment of bipolar disorder in the future.
Nonlinear simulation of digital RF transmitters under modulated excitation

A technology push towards digital radio frequency (RF) transmitters (DRFTx) is all apparent due to the many beneficial properties they offer. However, their distortion mechanisms pose a challenging problem for practical realizations. To a significant extend this is caused by the nature of the excitation signal. DRFTx are driven by a binary signal with rates in the Gbit/s domain and only a fraction of this signal constitutes the desired modulated RF output. All other signal components are required to achieve an energy efficient operation of the DRFTx's PA stage. Such significant cross dependencies call for nonlinear simulations that predict the behavior of a circuit in question. This paper addresses this issue by demonstrating a method that allows to predict a DRFTx's output time-domain waveform in a computational efficient manner. The underlying nonlinear model is based on readily available nonlinear transistor models within RF computer aided design (CAD) tools. Additionally this simulations are compared to measurements of the same amplifier in a lab setup.
Plectosphaerella species associated with root and collar rots of horticultural crops in southern Italy

Plectosphaerella cucumerina, most frequently encountered in its Plectosporium state, is well known as a pathogen of several plant species causing fruit, root and collar rot, and collapse. It is considered to pose a serious threat to melon (Cucumis melo) production in Italy. In the present study, an intensive sampling of diseased cucurbits as well as tomato and bell pepper was done and the fungal pathogens present on them were isolated. Phylogenetic relationships of the isolates were determined through a study of ribosomal RNA gene sequences (ITS cluster and D1/D2 domain of the 28S rRNA gene). Combining morphological, culture and molecular data, six species were distinguished. One of these (Pa. cucumerina) is already known. Four new species are described as Plectosphaerella citrullae, Pa. pauciseptata, Pa. plurivora and Pa. ramiseptata. Acremonium cucurbitacearum is shown to be a synonym of Nodulisporium melonis and is transferred to Plectosphaerella as Plectosphaerella melonis comb. nov. A further three known species of Plectosporium are recombined in Plectosphaerella.
An Audit of Literature Reviews Published in Australian Social Work (2007–2017)

ABSTRACT This study examined the nature of literature reviews published in Australian Social Work between 2007 and 2017. An audit was conducted to determine the number of reviews; types of reviews (systematic, meta-analysis, metasynthesis, scoping, narrative, conceptual, critical); and elements that were commonly reported (based on items drawn from the PRISMA checklist) including quality appraisal. A total of 21 reviews were identified. Results showed the overall number of reviews published remained relatively consistent across the decade. In relation to review types, systematic and scoping reviews appeared with greater frequency in more recent years. Most reviews reported significant proportions of the elements consistent with the type of review undertaken, although a minority did not report the search strategies and only one review included a quality appraisal. In conclusion, the reviews published over the last decade provide a strong foundation upon which further advances in the diversity and quality of reviews can be built. IMPLICATIONS Literature reviews are an indispensable tool for accessing knowledge to inform social work practice. This first audit of literature reviews in Australian Social Work found a growing sophistication in the reviews published over the past decade. Continued improvements in the design, conduct, and reporting of literature reviews will be an invaluable resource in equipping the profession to respond successfully to the growing complexity of demands placed on social work practice in the 21st century.
Environmental Correlates of Physical Activity: Implications for Campus Recreation Practitioners

Recent research has illustrated that young people tend to develop poor physical activity behaviors before the college years and maintain poor behaviors throughout the college experience. The undergraduate experience (ages 18–24) is an opportunity to affirm positive physical activity behaviors. Campus recreation facilities and programs are positioned to contribute to this effort because they provide easily accessible recreation opportunities to students, faculty, and staff. This being the case, campus recreation professionals should consider the factors that encourage and promote physical activity. One set of factors, environmental, might be of particular interest to campus recreation professionals. Although environmental factors are often considered for the purposes of operation and safety, their correlation with physical activity might not be considered as much. The current article presents a literature review of 3 environmental correlates of physical activity: proximity, access, and aesthetics. Implications for campus recreation professionals are also presented.
Numerical Drift-Diffusion Simulation of GaAs p-i-n and Schottky-Barrier Photodiodes for High-Speed AIIIBV On-Chip Optical Interconnections

In this paper, we consider the problem of the research and development of high-speed semiconductor photodetectors suitable for operation as parts of on-chip optical interconnections together with the high-speed laser modulators based on the AIIIBV nanoheterostructures. This research is aimed at the development of the models and modelling aids designed for the simulation of carrier transport and accumulation processes taking place in on-chip photosensitive devices during the detection of subpicosecond laser pulses. Another aim of the paper is to apply the aforementioned aids for the investigation of GaAs p-i-n and Schottky-barrier photodiodes. We propose the non-stationary drift-diffusion models, an original numerical simulation technique and the applied software allowing one to simulate the photosensitive devices with different electrophysical, constructive and technological parameters. We have taken into account different kinds of carrier generation and recombination processes, the effects of electron intervalley transition and carrier drift velocity saturation in order to improve the simulation results’ adequacy. We have concluded that the influence of these effects on the performance of photodetectors for on-chip optical interconnections is significant. The response time of GaAs p-i-n and Schottky-barrier photodiodes calculated taking into account the drift velocity dependence on electric field intensity is insufficient for the adequate detection of subpicosecond laser pulses. According to the simulation results, it is reasonable to develop the methods aimed at the increase in the drift velocity of charge carriers in the photodetector active region by means of built-in electric field reduction.
Psychedelic Agents in Creative Problem-Solving: A Pilot Study

Based on the frequently reported similarities between creative and psychedelic (drug-induced, consciousness-expansion) experiences, a preliminary study was conducted to explore the effects of psychedelic agents (LSD-25, mescaline) on creative problem-solving ability. Twenty-seven professionally employed males were given a single psychedelic experience in 1 of 7 small groups (ns = 3 or 4) following extensive selection and preparatory procedures. This drug-induced problem-solving session was carefully structured with particular focus on establishing Ss' expectancies and a psychosocial milieu conducive to creative activity. Tentative findings based on tests of creativity, on subjective reports and self ratings, and on the utility of problem solutions suggested that, if given according to this carefully structured regimen, psychedelic agents seem to facilitate creative problem-solving, particularly in the “illumination phase. ” The results also suggest that various degrees of increased creative ability may continue for at least some weeks subsequent to a psychedelic problem-solving session.
Dependence of the Intraday Nikkei Stock Index Futures

This paper examines the dependence of the Intraday Nikkei Stock Index Futures returns using Markov chain methodology and offers an alternative viewpoint to explain the contradictory empirical evidences of market efficiency and inefficiency. The current log price returns significantly influence the subsequent two 5-minute interval returns. Therefore the intraday Nikkei futures prices do not follow a random walk based on 5-minute and 10-minute intervals. However, the current returns have no effect on the third (and more than third) 5-minute returns. Thus the random walk hypothesis cannot be rejected at the third lag of 5-minute intervals. Moreover, the 5-minute returns show a pattern of strong mean reversion, but this pattern turns to persistence for 10-minute returns. Those findings suggest that the test intervals play a role in the efficiency test of security prices, a 'horizon effect'. We explore further that if the short-term inefficiency is due to bid-ask bounce or some other factors, e.g. short term overreaction, or mean-reverting component of prices.