Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relation Classification via Convolutional Deep Neural Network

The state-of-the-art methods used for relation classification are primarily based on statistical machine learning, and their performance strongly depends on the quality of the extracted features. The extracted features are often derived from the output of pre-existing natural language processing (NLP) systems, which leads to the propagation of the errors in the existing tools and hinders the performance of these systems. In this paper, we exploit a convolutional deep neural network (DNN) to extract lexical and sentence level features. Our method takes all of the word tokens as input without complicated pre-processing. First, the word tokens are transformed to vectors by looking up word embeddings 1 . Then, lexical level features are extracted according to the given nouns. Meanwhile, sentence level features are learned using a convolutional approach. These two level features are concatenated to form the final extracted feature vector. Finally, the features are fed into a softmax classifier to predict the relationship between two marked nouns. The experimental results demonstrate that our approach significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art methods.
Leadership Behaviors of School Administrators: Do Men and Women Differ?

In this study, the reasons why men and women behave di erently in leadership roles in schools were investigated because of recent research on the indirect nature of the school principal's impact on learning and on gender di erences in leadership behaviors. Practicing principals (109 males, 172 females) from two Southwestern states were surveyed regarding their relational leadership behaviors. Findings in this study were not congruent with the typical stereotypes that surround gender issues in leadership behavior. Implications of these ndings and suggestions for future research are discussed. note: This module has been peer-reviewed, accepted, and sanctioned by the National Council of Professors of Educational Administration (NCPEA) as a scholarly contribution to the knowledge base in educational administration. In addition to publication in the Connexions Content Commons, this module is published in the International Journal of Educational Leadership Preparation at: http://ijelp.expressacademic. org
Prevalence of childhood and adolescent overweight and obesity in Benue State, Nigeria

Objective To evaluate demographic variation in the prevalence of overweight (OW) and obesity (OB) among 3240 children and adolescents (girls: n = 1714; boys: n = 1526) aged 9–16 years attending primary and secondary schools in Benue State of Nigeria.
GABA Exerts Stimulatory and Inhibitory Influences on Gonadotropin II Secretion in the Atlantic Croaker (Micropogonias undulatus)

Possible involvement of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the control of gonadotropin II (GTH II) secretion was investigated during different phases of the seasonal gonadal cycle of the Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus). Intraperitoneal administration of GABA (100 µg/g) elicited a significant increase in plasma GTH II levels in croaker with regressed or pre-recrudescence phase gonads, whereas it did not significantly affect GTH II levels during the early- to mid-recrudescence phase of the gonadal cycle in this species. On the other hand, GABA induced a dose-related inhibition of GTH II secretion in fish with fully recrudesced gonads. Similar opposite changes in GTH II levels were observed when croaker with regressed and fully recrudesced gonads were injected with the GABA transaminase inhibitor, γ-vinyl GABA (10 and 100 µg/g). This suggests an involvement of endogenous GABA in the control of GTH II secretion. GABA (1–100 µM) did not significantly alter GTH II release from pituitary fragments from regressed or fully recrudesced fish incubated in vitro, suggesting the lack of a major direct influence at the pituitary level. Muscimol (GABAA receptor agonist, 1 µg/g) treatment mimicked both the stimulatory and inhibitory effects of GABA, whereas injection of baclofen (GABAB receptor agonist, 1 µg/g) had no significant effect on basal or a gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analog-induced GTH II secretion. Pretreatment of fish with bicuculline (1 µg/g), a GABAA antagonist, completely blocked the stimulatory influence of GABA on GTH II secretion in croaker with regressed gonads and partially blocked the inhibitory effect in individuals with fully recrudesced gonads. The results demonstrate that GABA exerts opposite influences on GTH II secretion at two different stages of the gonadal cycle of croaker, and acts primarily via GABAA type receptors. Thus, GABAergic pathways may be important in mediating seasonal influences on GTH II secretion in this species.
“Coming out” among gay Latino and gay White men: implications of verbal disclosure for well-being

Abstract We examined how verbal disclosure affects subjective well-being among gay Latino and White men. In Study 1, increased gay identification predicted increased verbal disclosure for gay White men but not for gay Latino men, who reported verbal disclosure levels in line with a tacit coming out strategy (expressing one’s sexual orientation to others more non-verbally) regardless of their gay identification. Moreover, low verbal disclosure hindered subjective well-being only for gay White men. In Study 2, we show that increased intrinsic self-expression and higher relational self-construal explained the positive relationship between verbal disclosure and well-being among gay White men. This mediational model did not hold for gay Latino men. We discuss verbal disclosure in relation to mainstream understandings of coming out.
3EG J2016+3657: Confirming an EGRET Blazar behind the Galactic Plane

We recently identified the blazar-like radio source G74.87+1.22 (B2013+370) as the counterpart of the high-energy γ-ray source 3EG J2016+3657 in the Galactic plane. However, since most blazar identifications of EGRET sources are only probabilistic in quality even at high Galactic latitude, and since there also exists a population of unidentified Galactic EGRET sources, we sought to obtain additional evidence to support our assertion that 3EG J2016+3657 is a blazar. These new observations consist of a complete set of classifications for the 14 brightest ROSAT X-ray sources in the error circle, of which B2013+370 remains the most likely source of the γ-rays. We also obtained further optical photometry of B2013+370 itself which shows that it is variable, providing additional evidence of its blazar nature. Interestingly, this field contains, in addition to the blazar, the Crab-like supernova remnant CTB 87, which is too distant to be the EGRET source, and three newly discovered cataclysmic variables, all five of these X-ray sources falling within 16′ of each other. This illustrates the daunting problem of obtaining complete identifications of EGRET sources in the Galactic plane.
Writing Persuasive Documents: The Role of Students’ Verbal Aptitude and Evaluation Anxiety

AbstractTwo experiments examined the role that college students’ verbal aptitude, a cognitive variable, and evaluation anxiety, an affective variable, play in the production of persuasive letters. In both experiments, the students with higher verbal aptitude tended to obtain higher holistic ratings of letter quality, with fewer punctuation and spelling errors, than the students with lower aptitude. In addition, the students’ verbal aptitude and anxiety were inversely related. In Experiment 1, where time limits were imposed to pressure students, there was a weak relationship between anxiety and letter quality. There was also some support for the notion that poor verbal aptitude leads to anxiety. In Experiment 2, where time was unlimited, the relationship between anxiety and letter quality was no longer significant. Taken together, these findings suggest that students’ evaluation anxiety has little, if any, influence on the overall quality of their writing. In general, the findings were interpreted as provi.
Operative and Nonoperative Management of Achilles Tendon Ruptures in Active Duty Military Population

Background: The optimal management of Achilles tendon ruptures continues to be a subject of debate in orthopedics. These injuries are common in the active duty military population. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively compare the results of operative and nonoperative management of Achilles tendon ruptures in the active duty military population following the publication of a landmark level I study that has influenced practice patterns. Methods: All Achilles tendon injuries in active duty patients were identified at a single military institution from January 1, 2011, to January 1, 2014. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were applied and charts were reviewed. Demographic and treatment information were recorded along with return to duty status, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), rerupture, and other complication data. Rates of DVT, rerupture, other complications, and return to duty (including time to return) were then compared. Demographic data were described. Fifty-seven male patients met inclusion criteria with an average age of 31 years. There were 27 in the operative group and 30 in the nonoperative group. There were no significant differences in group demographics. Results: There were no DVTs in either treatment group. There were no wound complications in the operative group. There were no significant differences in the rates of rerupture, return to duty, or other complications. There were 2 reruptures in the nonoperative group. Both were treated nonoperatively. There was one rerupture in the operative group that was treated nonoperatively. All reruptures were partial tears. Two patients underwent repair with flexor hallucis longus augmentation. Both of these patients were initially managed nonoperatively. When available data on time to return to duty was analyzed, patients who underwent operative management returned to duty on average approximately one and a half months earlier (6.7 vs 8.2 months) than nonoperative patients (P = .04). In 2011, 12% of injuries were treated nonoperatively; in 2012, 57%; and in 2013, 84%. Conclusions: Similar to previously published work, this retrospective analysis found no significant difference in complication, DVT, or rerupture rates. The rate of rerupture in this study was slightly higher than previously published work in the era of functional rehabilitation, but the sample size was small. The data were limited with respect to functional outcome for comparison; however, the rate of return to active duty was not significantly different. The data also demonstrate a shift in institutional treatment pattern for Achilles injuries in this population over the 3-year study period. Operatively treated patients did have a statistically significant reduction in the time required to return to active duty of approximately one and a half months, which may represent a clinically significant difference in highly active workers or highly active people. Level of Evidence: Level III, retrospective comparative series.
Student Peer Assessment in Higher Education: A Meta-Analysis Comparing Peer and Teacher Marks

Forty-eight quantitative peer assessment studies comparing peer and teacher marks were subjected to meta-analysis. Peer assessments were found to resemble more closely teacher assessments when global judgements based on well understood criteria are used rather than when marking involves assessing several individual dimensions. Similarly, peer assessments better resemble faculty assessments when academic products and processes, rather than professional practice, are being rated. Studies with high design quality appear to be associated with more valid peer assessments than those which have poor experimental design. Hypotheses concerning the greater validity of peer assessments in advanced rather than beginner courses and in science and engineering rather than in other discipline areas were not supported. In addition, multiple ratings were not found to be better than ratings by singletons. The study pointed to differences between self and peer assessments, which are explored briefly. Results are discussed and fruitful areas for further research in peer assessment are suggested.
Occult hepatitis B virus infection in hemodialysis patients with chronic HCV infection.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of occult hepatitis B infection in hemodialysis patients with chronic HCV infection and to compare it with that of HCV-infected patients with normal renal function. METHODS Forty-nine patients on maintenance hemodialysis and 48 HCV-infected but otherwise normal patients, both groups HCV RNA-positive and HBsAg-negative and matched for age and sex, were evaluated for the presence of HBV DNA in serum by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A proportion of patients (11/49 and 39/48, respectively) were also examined for HBV antigens in hepatocytes by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS HBV DNA was detected by PCR in 10/49 (20.4%) hemodialysis patients and in 3/48 (6.3%) patients with normal renal function (p=0.041). HBV DNA concentrations were low (<10 3 copies/mL) in both groups. HBV DNA-positive hemodialysis patients had a significantly lower prevalence of past HBV vaccination and lower anti-HBs titers in serum than HBV DNA-negative patients of the same group. No positive staining for HBsAg or HbcAg was observed in the liver biopsies of either group. CONCLUSIONS Occult HBV infection is more frequent in HCV-infected hemodialysis patients than otherwise normal patients with chronic HCV infection, probably because of impaired immune function in uremic patients and high risk of parenteral exposure to HBV. The clinical significance of this finding is unknown, but HBV vaccination of hemodialysis patients and staff could be an effective way of limiting the risk of transmission of HBV infection within dialysis units.
The S4–S5 Linker Acts as a Signal Integrator for hERG K+ Channel Activation and Deactivation Gating

Human ether-à-go-go-related gene (hERG) K+ channels have unusual gating kinetics. Characterised by slow activation/deactivation but rapid inactivation/recovery from inactivation, the unique gating kinetics underlie the central role hERG channels play in cardiac repolarisation. The slow activation and deactivation kinetics are regulated in part by the S4–S5 linker, which couples movement of the voltage sensor domain to opening of the activation gate at the distal end of the inner helix of the pore domain. It has also been suggested that cytosolic domains may interact with the S4–S5 linker to regulate activation and deactivation kinetics. Here, we show that the solution structure of a peptide corresponding to the S4–S5 linker of hERG contains an amphipathic helix. The effects of mutations at the majority of residues in the S4–S5 linker of hERG were consistent with the previously identified role in coupling voltage sensor movement to the activation gate. However, mutations to Ser543, Tyr545, Gly546 and Ala548 had more complex phenotypes indicating that these residues are involved in additional interactions. We propose a model in which the S4–S5 linker, in addition to coupling VSD movement to the activation gate, also contributes to interactions that stabilise the closed state and a separate set of interactions that stabilise the open state. The S4–S5 linker therefore acts as a signal integrator and plays a crucial role in the slow deactivation kinetics of the channel.
Experimental observations of an installed-on-pylon contra-rotating open rotor with equal blade number in pusher and tractor configuration

Noise from contra-rotating open rotors is a major obstacle to the adoption of this fuel efficient technology as a viable aircraft propulsion system. A better understanding of both contra-rotating open rotor noise generation and reduction has been achieved due to ongoing extensive research. One of the most recent research activities is the WENEMOR (wind tunnel tests for the evaluation of the installation effects of Noise EMissions of an open rotor advanced regional aircraft) project, which has been developed in response to the requirements described in the Clean Sky-Integrated Technology Demonstrators under the heading of Green Regional Aircraft. The project investigates the airframe installation effects of a 1 / 7 th scale model of a regional aircraft equipped with two contra-rotating open rotors of the same rotor diameter, the same rotational speed and equal blade number. For this case, the blade passing frequency of rotor-alone tones and the frequency of relevant interaction tones cannot be distinguished due to the equal blade count of the two rotors. This study presents the tone directivity plots up to 4 × blade passing frequency of the isolated WENEMOR single pylon contra-rotating open rotor engine in both pusher and tractor configurations at various angles of incidence and flow velocities. A linear array of 13 microphones is deployed for the far field sound measurements. The tone directivity trends show the efficient on-axis acoustic radiation at all blade passing frequency tones with the contra-rotating open rotor tone at 2 × blade passing frequency dominating in the vast majority of the tests. The main objective is to compare the acoustic emission of pusher and tractor configurations tested under the same flow velocities and angles of incidence. The results suggest that the pusher configuration of the isolated contra-rotating open rotor tends to be slightly louder than the tractor at 2 × blade passing frequency. However, it is shown that the acoustic performance of the isolated contra-rotating open rotor is complicated and sensitive to any change in the flow velocity and the angle of incidence. The increasing flow velocity and the increasing angle of incidence show limited consistency in proportional trends in the directivity plots of sound pressure levels. It is anticipated that the findings will be different for a more realistic case of installed-on-model contra-rotating open rotor.
Historical narratives and post-conflict reconciliation: An experiment in Azerbaijan

How malleable are the attitudes of people in a post-conflict society toward their former adversaries? I conduct a laboratory experiment in Azerbaijan, which fought a war against its neighbor Armenia in the 1990s, to investigate whether reconsideration of the roots of the conflict can influence interethnic attitudes. Subjects are assigned differing interpretations of the conflict and asked to think about or discuss their reactions. The results indicate that the most effective interventions work through, rather than against, existing beliefs. Discussion also plays a critical role in provoking the introspection that is necessary to challenge longstanding prejudices. The analysis provides insight into the social psychological processes of prejudice reduction and offers caveats to conventional policy interventions to encourage reconciliation.
Accurate seeing measurements with MASS and DIMM

Astronomical seeing is quantified by a single parameter, the turbulence integral, in the framework of the Kolmogorov turbulence model. This parameter can be routinely measured by a Differential Image Motion Monitor (DIMM). A new instrument, the multi-aperture scintillation sensor (MASS), permits one to measure the seeing in the free atmosphere above ∼0.5 km and, together with a DIMM, to estimate the ground-layer seeing. The absolute accuracy of both methods is studied here using analytical theory, numerical simulation and experiments. A modification of the MASS data processing to compensate for partially saturated scintillation is developed. We find that the DIMM can be severely biased by optical aberrations (e.g. defocus) and propagation. Seeing measurements with DIMM and MASS can reach absolute accuracy of ∼ 10 per cent when their biases are carefully controlled. Pushing this limit to 1 per cent appears unrealistic because the seeing itself is just a model-dependent parameter of a non-stationary random process.
Adapting business process redesign concepts to learning processes

This paper investigates the use of process redesign tools and techniques in education. We argue that process thinking is an important strategy for improving education. An adaptation of business process redesign to learning is presented by integrating together concepts from educational theory, computer mediated communication, and business process redesign. Three conventional educational processes ‐ questioning, discussion, and document exchange ‐ are analyzed and redesigned with electronic mail, bulletin board, and World Wide Web technologies. The characteristics of each technology and its potential for process redesign are outlined. The results of an exploratory case study show that learning process redesign is viable and can impact ON educational outcomes. We conclude with suggestions for future research.
Hyperornithinemia, hyperammonemia, and homocitrullinuria. A new disorder of amino acid metabolism associated with myoclonic seizures and mental retardation.

THE Krebs-Henseleit urea cycle is the only biochemical pathway for the conversion of ammonia to urea in man (Fig 1). It is known to involve five enzymatic reactions and, so far, four genetically determined disease states have been described, each of which is characterized by a deficiency of one of the urea cycle enzymes. 1 All of these states are associated with varying degrees of hyperammonemia which, as would be expected, are most severe in the disorders of steps 1 and 2, and least severe in argininosuccinic aciduria where it usually occurs only after a protein load. The clinical picture of all these disorders includes a reluctance to eat high protein foods, intermittent ataxia, irritability, lethargy or even coma, and mental retardation. There are several instances in which a low protein diet simultaneously caused clinical improvement and reduction or elimination of hyperammonemia. For this and other reasons, it is likely
Discovery of a Very Extended Emission-Line Region around the Seyfert 2 Galaxy NGC 4388

We found a very large, ~35 kpc, emission-line region around the Seyfert type 2 galaxy NGC 4388, using deep narrowband imaging with the prime focus camera (Suprime-Cam) of the Subaru Telescope. This region consists of many faint gas clouds, or filaments, and extends northeastward from the galaxy. The typical Hα luminosity L(Hα) of the clouds is ~1037 ergs s-1, and the total L(Hα) of the region within 10 kpc of the nucleus is ~2 × 1038 ergs s-1, which corresponds to an ionized gas mass of ~105 M☉. The map of the emission-line intensity ratio I([O III])/I(Hα) indicates that the inner (r < 12 kpc) region of the very extended emission-line region (VEELR) may be excited by nuclear ionizing radiation. The excitation mechanism of the outer (r > 12 kpc) region is unclear, but it is likely that the nuclear radiation is also a dominant source of its ionization. We discuss the origin of the ionized gas. Two plausible origins of the gas in the VEELR are (1) the tidal debris resulting from a past interaction with a gas-rich dwarf galaxy, i.e., a minor merger, and (2) the interstellar medium of NGC 4388, stripped by the ram pressure of the hot intracluster medium of the Virgo Cluster.
Structural Analysis of Compound Words in Japanese Using Semantic Dependency Relations*

Structural analysis of compound words is a necessary and important process in natural language processing. Proposed here is a corpus- and statistics-based method for the structural analysis of compound words in Japanese. We determine the structure of a compound word by using an Internet corpus and calculating the strength of word association among its constituent words. Experiments with 5, 6, 7, and 8 kanji compound words show that our method works well and its performance is better than those of other comparable studies.