Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Autonomous and Controlled Motivation for Interpersonal Therapy for Depression: Between-Therapists and Within-Therapist Effects

Differences between therapists in the average outcomes their patients achieve are well documented, and researchers have begun to try to explain such differences (Baldwin & Imel, 2013). Guided by Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 2000), we examined the effects on outcome of differences between therapists in their patients’ average levels of autonomous and controlled motivation for treatment, as well as the effects of differences among the patients within each therapist’s caseload. Between and within-therapist differences in the SDT construct of perceived relational support were explored as predictors of patients’ motivation. Nineteen therapists treated 63 patients in an outpatient clinic providing manualized interpersonal therapy (IPT) for depression. Patients completed the BDI-II at pretreatment, posttreatment, and each treatment session. The Impact Message Inventory was administered at the third session and scored for perceived therapist friendliness, a core element of relational support. We created between-therapists (therapist-level) scores by averaging over the patients in each therapist’s caseload; within-therapist (patient-level) scores were computed by centering within each therapist’s caseload. As expected, better outcome was predicted by higher levels of therapist-level and patient-level autonomous motivation and by lower levels of therapist-level and patient-level controlled motivation. In turn, autonomous motivation was predicted by therapist-level and patient-level relational support (friendliness). Controlled motivation was predicted solely by patient self-critical perfectionism. The results extend past work by demonstrating that both between-therapists and within-therapist differences in motivation predict outcome. As well, the results suggest that therapists should monitor their interpersonal impact so as to provide relational support.
Introduction: Special issue: corporate governance: what do we know and what is different about banks?

This special volume of the Economic Policy Review is designed to foster a better understanding of corporate governance - particularly as it applies to banking firms - among regulators, investors, researchers, and the interested public. The contributors to the volume, specialists in governance, analyze the topic from many perspectives, including law, financial accounting, and financial economics. As they summarize and synthesize a vast literature on vital governance issues, the authors present a framework for understanding corporate governance and identify key areas of future research.
A Consistent Method for Calibrating Contingent Value Survey Data

This paper outlines a statistical method for calibrating contingent value survey data derived from the assumption that individuals make constrained utility maximizing decisions. The method proposed allows us to determine the influence of respondent characteristics on bias, as distinct from their influence on the preference parameters. A specific functional form for individual preferences was used to derive closed-form analytical expressions for willingnessto-pay and willingness-to-accept that allow systematic deviations in individual responses to be explicitly modeled by providing a structural interpretation of the error term. Promising results are obtained for both open-ended and dichotomous choice data using three CV data sets.
Corporate reporting on the internet: some implications for the auditing profession

Purpose – The exponential growth in corporate reporting on the internet has created numerous opportunities and challenges for the accounting and auditing profession, and regulators. This study aims to examine internet reporting practices of companies in Malaysia for the purpose of exploring their auditing implications.Design/methodology/approach – An examination of the 100 Kuala Lumpur Stock Exchange Composite Indexed (KLSE CI) companies in Malaysia in 2003 and 2004.Findings – Although there has been an increase in both the number of companies and the types of information provided on the internet, the quality of internet reporting information to users has little improved. This problem is compounded because auditors have little control over web contents and the changes that can be made to audited information. Further guidance to standardise the types of internet reporting information may help protect the interest of users, provide more certainty to what information needs to be audited and reduce audit risk.
What Has Been Learned about Labor Supply in the Past Twenty Years

The main advance in the study of labor supply in the past 20 years has come in recognizing and interpreting the variety of different labor supply functions that coexist in the empirical literature. A crucial theoretical distinction with important empirical payoff is that between labor supply choices at the extensive margin (i.e., labor-force participation and employment choices) and choices at the intensive margin (i.e., choices about hours of work or weeks of work for workers). Another important distinction is the one between a descriptive labor supply function and a structural supply function that can be the basis for out-of-sample policy investigations concerning responses to tax and welfare programs and evaluations of welfare losses. A full understanding of the participation-hours dichotomy leads to an appreciation of the importance of the problem of selection bias. What is the wage to impute to a nonworking person? These distinctions are a legacy of the research conducted on labor supply over the past 20 years. Many important empirical questions have been addressed. (i) How strong are the effects of taxes, welfare, and transfer programs on labor supply? (ii) How important is intertemporal substitution? Can life-cycle labor supply models explain business-cycle labor supply behavior? (iii) Has the consensus view of the 1960's of high labor supply elasticities for married women and low labor supply elasticities for married men held up? All of the empirical evidence assembled on labor supply must be called into question in the light of important research on the basic quality of the data conducted by analysts at the University of Michigan. I discuss this evidence in a concluding section. Except for my discussion of measurement issues I focus only on the major discoveries about which a general consensus has emerged.
Urinary Tract Infections in Hospitalized Newborns in Beheshti Hospital, Iran: A Retrospective Study

Early diagnosis and proper treatment including long-term follow-up are crucial in management of neonatal urinary tract infections (UTIs). To determine the pathogens responsible for UTI in newborns and the antibiotic susceptibility of these organisms, all medical records of 3,623 hospitalized newborns in the neonatal unit of Beheshti Hospital, Kashan, Iran, during a five-year period from April 2000 to March 2005 who developed UTIs were retrospectively reviewed. Urine specimen was obtained by a suprapubic bladder aspiration. Our results showed that 38 of 3,623 (1.04%) newborns had UTI. The mean age of these newborns was 8.1 days (range: 1-28 days), and 15 of them (39.5%) were less than 7 days old. UTI associated with septicemia was observed in 10.5 percent of them. Seven of 38 (18.4%) newborns were preterm, and 27 of them were boys. The most common clinical findings was jaundice which occurred in 68.4 percent of these newborns. Escherichia coli were the most common isolated organism. E. coli isolates were most susceptible to amikacin and gentamicin (5.2%), but were most resistant to cephalexin (78.9%). Cephalexin-resistant Gram-negative bacteria were the most common cause of UTI in infants of less than 29 days old. Our findings would impact clinicians in choosing appropriate empirical antibiotic for the treatment of UTI before obtaining the microbiologic results based on local surveillance of causative pathogens of UTIs and antibiotic susceptibility patterns. (J Infect Dis Antimicrob Agents 2007;24:7-11.) *Department of Pediatrics, Kashan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Kashan, Iran. ** Department of Neonatology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Kashan, Iran. *** Department of Microbiology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences and Health Services, Kashan, Iran. Received for publication: November 9, 2006. Reprint request: Rezvan Moniri, D.V.M., Ph.D., Associate Professor of Microbiology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box: 87155.111, Kashan, Iran. E-mail: moniri_re@yahoo.com
A New Class of Tests of Contagion With Applications

A new class of tests of contagion is proposed identifying transmission channels of financial market crises through changes in higher order moments of the distribution of returns such as coskewness. Applying the framework to test for contagion in real estate and equity markets following the Hong Kong crisis in 1997–1998 and the U.S. subprime crisis in 2007 shows that the coskewness-based tests of contagion detect additional channels not identified by the correlation-based tests. Implications of contagion in pricing exchange options where there is a change in higher order comoments of returns on the underlying assets are also investigated.
Effectiveness of low-level laser therapy for lateral elbow tendinopathy.

OBJECTIVE Our aim was to determine the effectiveness of low-lever laser therapy (LLLT) in the management of lateral elbow tendinopathy (LET) and to provide recommendations based on this evidence. BACKGROUND DATA LET is a common clinical condition, and a wide array of physiotherapy treatments is used for treating LET. METHODS Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) identified by a search strategy in six databases were used in combination with reference checking. RCTs that included LLLT, patients with LET, and at least one of the clinically relevant outcome measure were selected. Aqualitative analysis of the selected studies was conducted using the Chalmers' technique. RESULTS Nine RCTs fulfilled the criteria and were included in the review. Although these studies had satisfactory methodology, shortcomings were not absent; poor results were revealed as to the effectiveness of LLLT for LET management. CONCLUSIONS LLLT need not be ruled out for LET as it is a dose-response modality, and the optimal treatment dose has obviously not yet have been discovered. Further research with well-designed RCTs is needed to establish the absolute and relative effectiveness of this intervention for LET.
Stimulant and other substance use disorders in schizophrenia: Prevalence, correlates and impacts in a population sample

Objectives: Stimulants may worsen psychotic symptoms but there is limited evidence about the impact of stimulant abuse in people with schizophrenia. This study examined the prevalence and correlates of stimulant and other drug disorders in a population-based sample of people with schizophrenia, examining associations with frequent service use, physical health comorbidities and accommodation instability. Methods: New South Wales (NSW) hospital, community mental health and emergency department data were used to examine health service contact over 5 years in 13,624 people with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Associations of stimulant disorders were examined with multinomial logistic regression, comparing people with no substance disorders to those with cannabis disorders, stimulant disorders or both. Results: Of people with schizophrenia, 51% had substance disorders, including 14% with stimulant disorders. Stimulant disorders were more common in young adults and in urban areas, less common in migrants, and unrelated to initial social disadvantage. More than 80% of those with stimulant disorders also had cannabis disorders. Service use and harms were most common in this group, including frequent mental health admissions (59%), frequent emergency department presentations (52%), admissions with injury or self-harm (44%), infectious disease diagnoses (22%), multiple changes of residence (61%), movement to more disadvantaged locations (42%) and periods of homelessness (18%). People with stimulant disorders alone had higher rates of self-harm, infectious disease and non-mental health admissions than people with cannabis disorders alone. Conclusions: Stimulant disorders occur in people with schizophrenia and in first-episode psychosis at rates more than 10 times that of the broader population. Stimulant disorders are likely to worsen the burden of psychosis, and strategies are needed to engage and support the highly disadvantaged group of people with schizophrenia who have cannabis and stimulant disorders.
Monetary Returns to College Education, Student Ability, and College Quality

This paper attempts to shed new light on the extent to which college education brings financial returns. It recognizes the existence of a number of variables that are likely to affect the financial returns that education produces for a given person -particularly the student's "ability" and "motivation," and the "quality" of his schooling. It attempts to isolate returns to education from returns to these other related variables.
Cultural inflow effects on Japanese import demand for consumer products: importance of halo effects

This study investigated the effects of cultural inflow on import demand. More specifically, this research explored whether foreign cultural products can cause halo effects on Japanese import of consumer products. Our findings suggest the presence of positive cultural halo effects on the Japanese import market for consumer products. Specifically, import of cultural products has significant positive effects on certain types of consumer products of the same country of origin and negative effects on products of different origin. Additionally, the effects of cultural inflow on import demand differ depending on the type of consumer products. These findings have important implications for countries that export consumer and cultural products.
Selection of medication in hospitalised elderly patients with Angina Pectoris

Objective: To evaluate medication changes in hospitalised elderly patients diagnosed with angina pectoris and to compare the selection of medication with evidence-based treatment guidelines. Design: Review of medical notes and patient interview. Setting: St. Luke’s Hospital, Malta; January - May 2001. Subjects: 226 patients, aged 60 years or over, with a history of chronic stable angina and a discharge diagnosis of angina. Main outcome measures: Prevalence of use of antiplatelet agents, lipid lowering agents, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers, nitrates, potassium channel openers and cellular anti-ischaemic agents; presence of co-morbidities, concurrent medication and adverse effects. Results: Prior to discharge, 77% of patients were receiving antiplatelet agents and 27% were receiving lipid lowering agents. The most frequent anti-ischaemic agents used were nitrates (97%) and second-generation dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers (59%). Beta-blockers were used in 31% of patients and non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers were used in 4% of patients. Potassium channel openers (nicorandil) and cellular anti-ischaemic agents (trimetazidine) were used in 5% and 19% of patients respectively. Of patients discharged on a single anti-ischaemic agent, 96% were prescribed nitrates, while 64% of those on two agents were prescribed nitrates and dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers. Beta-blockers, nicorandil and trimetazidine were
Social Capital, Structural Holes and the Formation of an Industry Network

The formation of a network is determined by the opposition of two forces. The first is the reproduction of network structure as a general social resource for network members. The second is the alteration of network structure by entrepreneurs for their own benefit. The idea of reproduction is a conventional one in organizational sociology but has taken on increased importance due to the work of Bourdieu and Coleman. In contrast, Burt stresses the entrepreneurship of individual agents in exploiting structural holes that lie between constrained positions. Though complementary, the theories of social capital and structural holes have fundamentally different implications for network formation.This paper investigates these theories by examining empirically the formation of the interorganizational network among biotechnology firms. We propose that network structure determines the frequency with which a new biotechnology firm (or startup) establishes new relationships. Network structure indicates both where social capital is distributed in the industry and where opportunities for entrepreneurial action are located. The reproduction of network structure depends on how startups value social capital compared to these opportunities. The critical test is, consequently, whether new relationships reproduce or alter the inherited network structure. We find strong support for the power of social capital in reproducing the network over time.
The provision of nonaudit services by accounting firms to their audit clients

There has been a strong growth in accounting firms' provisions of non-audit services to their audit clients. To date, however, there have been few studies into the determinants of this joint provision of audit and non-audit services. One reason for the paucity of research is the lack of publicly available data with which to empirically examine relationships and test theories. However, recent legislation in the United Kingdom requires disclosure of non-audit fees paid to a company's auditor and this provides data with which to investigate the joint provision of consultancy and audit services. A model is developed that seeks to explain a company's decision to hire non-audit services from the auditor. The model argues that companies that face potentially high agency costs purchase relatively smaller amounts of non-audit services from their auditor. High agency cost companies require independent audits in order to reassure investors and creditors; the provision of joint services, which increases the economic bonding of the auditor to the client, may jeopardize independence or the appearance of independence. The model is tested using data observations from 500 companies and the results indicate that companies that have higher agency costs proxies are associated with smaller purchases of non-audit services from their auditors.
Real-Time Delay Estimation Based on Delay History in Many-Server Service Systems with Time-Varying Arrivals

Motivated by interest in making delay announcements in service systems, we study real-time delay estimators in manyserver service systems, both with and without customer abandonment. Our main contribution here is to consider the realistic feature of time-varying arrival rates. We focus especially on delay estimators exploiting recent customer delay history. We show that time-varying arrival rates can introduce significant estimation bias in delay-history-based delay estimators when the system experiences alternating periods of overload and underload. We then introduce refined delayhistory estimators that effectively cope with time-varying arrival rates together with non-exponential service-time and abandonment-time distributions, which are often observed in practice. We use computer simulation to verify that our proposed estimators outperform several natural alternatives.
UK IPOs: Long Run Returns, Behavioural Timing and Pseudo Timing

In this paper we examine a comprehensive set of 2,499 UK IPOs launched between mid-1975 and the end of 2004. We find compelling evidence of long run under-performance that persists for between 36 and 60 months post-flotation, depending on the precise method chosen to measure abnormal returns. Following Schultz (2003) , we ask whether our results are consistent with 'pseudo-timing'. Equally-weighted returns in calendar time provide further evidence of under-performance, a result that favours the Loughran and Ritter (2000) behavioural timing hypothesis rather than the Schultz (2003) pseudo-timing hypothesis. However, we show that this under-performance is concentrated in AIM and USM stocks. When we measure value-weighted returns in calendar time we find that abnormal returns are not significantly different from zero. Further analysis shows that, consistent with the findings of other studies, IPO under-performance is concentrated in smaller firms. Copyright (c) 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
Attentional diversion during adaptation affects the velocity as well as the duration of motion after-effects

The effects of diverting attention on early motion processing in human vision were studied with a selective adaptation technique. The velocity of motion after–effects (MAEs) produced on a stationary test grating after prolonged exposure to drifting luminance–modulated gratings was measured by matching MAE velocity with that of another physically moving grating. Initial MAE velocities decreased and their rate of decay increased with the distance of the adapting and test gratings from the fixation point. When attention was diverted from the adapting grating, by having subjects process the intermittently changing digit which formed the fixation point, initial MAE velocities were reduced and rate of decay increased, with the largest effect of diversion being found for gratings near the fixation point. The effects of varying attention mimic those of varying adapting duration, rather than adapting contrast or velocity, and appear to reflect a genuine change in motion–processing mechanisms.
Non-invasive imaging for studying anti-angiogenic therapy effects

Summary Noninvasive imaging plays an emerging role in preclinical and clinical cancer research and has high potential to improve clinical translation of new drugs. This article summarises and discusses tools and methods to image tumour angiogenesis and monitor anti-angiogenic therapy effects. In this context, micro-computed tomography (? CT) is recommended to visualise and quantify the micro-architecture of functional tumour vessels. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are favourable tools to assess functional vascular parameters, such as perfusion and relative blood volume. These functional parameters have been shown to indicate antiangiogenic therapy response at an early stage, before changes in tumour size appear. For tumour characterisation, the imaging of the molecular characteristics of tumour blood vessels, such as receptor expression, might have an even higher diagnostic potential and has been shown to be highly suitable for therapy monitoring as well. In this context, US using targeted microbubbles is currently evaluated in clinical trials as an important tool for the molecular characterisation of the angiogenic endothelium. Other modalities, being preferably used for molecular imaging of vessels and their surrounding stroma, are photoacoustic imaging (PAI), near-infrared fluorescence optical imaging (OI), MRI, positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT). The latter two are particularly useful if very high sensitivity is needed, and/or if the molecular target is difficult to access. Carefully considering the pros and cons of different imaging modalities in a multimodal imaging setup enables a comprehensive longitudinal assessment of the (micro)morphology, function and molecular regulation of tumour vessels.