Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Natural ventilation greenhouse

The invention discloses a natural ventilation greenhouse which comprises a concrete foundation, a main framework, walls and roofs. The natural ventilation greenhouse is characterized in that ridges are arranged on the roofs in the east-west direction, the roofs are connected in the south-north direction and the roofs are of asymmetric slope structures which are long in the southern sides and short in the northern sides. The ridge point southern roof is a lighting ventilation roof or a fixed lighting roof and the ridge point northern roof is a lighting ventilation roof. Vertical middle-suspension lighting windows are formed in the middle of the peripheral walls. Lighting boards are arranged on the upper portions of the peripheral walls. The natural ventilation greenhouse has the advantages of being capable of naturally regulating the environment along with season and weather changes, reducing investment of corresponding environment regulating facilities in construction of the greenhouse, reducing the environment regulating energy consumption as the greenhouse is used for a long time and reducing the use cost of the greenhouse. The ventilation performance of the greenhouse is greatly enhanced, the ideal crop growing environment can be achieved in the greenhouse in hot seasons, and therefore the quality and the yield of growth of crops are improved. Meanwhile, the physical and mental health of workers can be protected and the service life of construction materials of the greenhouse is prolonged.
A review of vaccines for HIV prevention

HIV/AIDS has become the most devastating pandemic in recorded history. It has killed 40 million people in the last 20 years and the World Health Organisation estimated that at least 14 000 new infections occurred daily in 2001. There will be up to 100 million new infections in the next 10 years (for current updates, visit http://www.unaids.org/epidemic_update/).
Voluntary Alcohol Consumption Is Controlled via the Neuropeptide Y Y1 Receptor

We have shown previously that voluntary ethanol consumption and resistance to ethanol-induced sedation are inversely related to neuropeptide Y (NPY) levels in NPY-knock-out (NPY(-/-)) and NPY-overexpressing mice. In the present report, we studied knock-out mice completely lacking the NPY Y1 receptor (Y1(-/-)) to further characterize the role of the NPY system in ethanol consumption and neurobiological responses to this drug. Here we report that male Y1(-/-) mice showed increased consumption of solutions containing 3, 6, and 10% (v/v) ethanol when compared with wild-type (Y1(+/+)) control mice. Female Y1(-/-) mice showed increased consumption of a 10% ethanol solution. In contrast, Y1(-/-) mice showed normal consumption of solutions containing either sucrose or quinine. Relative to Y1(+/+) mice, male Y1(-/-) mice were found to be less sensitive to the sedative effects of 3.5 and 4.0 gm/kg ethanol as measured by more rapid recovery from ethanol-induced sleep, although plasma ethanol levels did not differ significantly between the genotypes. Finally, male Y1(-/-) mice showed normal ethanol-induced ataxia on the rotarod test after administration of a 2.5 gm/kg dose. These data suggest that the NPY Y1 receptor regulates voluntary ethanol consumption and some of the intoxicating effects caused by administration of ethanol.
Shock Waves in the Treatment of Muscle Hypertonia and Dystonia

Since 1997, focused shock waves therapy (FSWT) has been reported to be useful in the treatment of muscle hypertonia and dystonia. More recently, also radial shock wave therapy (RSWT) has been successfully used to treat muscle hypertonia. The studies where FSWT and RSWT have been used to treat muscle hypertonia and dystonia are reviewed in this paper. The more consistent and long lasting results were obtained in the lower limb muscles of patients affected by cerebral palsy with both FSWT and RSWT and in the distal upper limb muscles of adult stroke patients using FSWT. The most probable mechanism of action is a direct effect of shock waves on muscle fibrosis and other nonreflex components of muscle hypertonia. However, we believe that up to now the biological effects of shock waves on muscle hypertonia and dystonia cannot be clearly separated from a placebo effect.
RBFNN-based hole identification system in conducting plates

We propose a radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) approach to the identification of holes in conducting plates, in the context of an eddy current testing (ECT) signal processing system. The system aims to localise holes in the specimen under inspection by using a two-stage approach, namely, a RBFNN followed by a least squares post-processing block. The RBFNN stage estimates the distances between the hole and the sensor probes; the least squares stage identifies the hole on the basis of the distances computed by the previous neural block. The efficacy of the proposed approach is tested on artificial data and compared with different approaches based on a feedforward multilayer perceptron (MLP) and on a radial basis function neural network. The robustness of the system to the introduction of white Gaussian noise on the simulated data is also successfully tested.
The Social and Personal Identities Scale: A Measure of the Differential Importance Ascribed to Social and Personal Self-Categorizations

A new measure sensitive to differences in the importance that people ascribe to their social (group) and personal identities is described. The Social and Personal Identities (SIPI) scale distinguishes between the interpersonal level of self which differentiates the individual as unique from others, and the social identity level of self whereby the individual is identified by his or her group memberships. In contrast to perspectives that emphasize the context-dependence of self-conception, our measure was designed to capture individual differences in participants' readiness to categorize themselves using group and personal self-categories as measured by the degree of importance or centrality assigned to each. Factor and reliability analyses support the scale's stability as a two-factor structure with high internal consistency, and these factors are modestly correlated. Results from six studies substantiate the scale's criterion and construct validity.
Implementation of Extended Statistical Entropy Analysis to the Effluent Quality Index of the Benchmarking Simulation Model No. 2

Extended statistical entropy analysis (eSEA) is used to assess the nitrogen (N) removal performance of the wastewater treatment (WWT) simulation software, the Benchmarking Simulation Model No. 2 (BSM No. 2 ). Six simulations with three different types of wastewater are carried out, which vary in the dissolved oxygen concentration (O2,diss.) during the aerobic treatment. N2O emissions generated during denitrification are included in the model. The N-removal performance is expressed as reduction in statistical entropy, ΔH, compared to the hypothetical reference situation of direct discharge of the wastewater into the river. The parameters chemical and biological oxygen demand (COD, BOD) and suspended solids (SS) are analogously expressed in terms of reduction of COD, BOD, and SS, compared to a direct discharge of the wastewater to the river (ΔEQrest). The cleaning performance is expressed as ΔEQnew, the weighted average of ΔH and ΔEQrest. The results show that ΔEQnew is a more comprehensive indicator of the cleaning performance because, in contrast to the traditional effluent quality index (EQ), it considers the characteristics of the wastewater, includes all N-compounds and their distribution in the effluent, the off-gas, and the sludge. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that realistically expectable N2O emissions have only a moderate impact on ΔEQnew.
Oxytocin and Vasopressin Receptor Gene Variation as a Proximate Base for Inter- and Intraspecific Behavioral Differences in Bonobos and Chimpanzees

Recent literature has revealed the importance of variation in neuropeptide receptor gene sequences in the regulation of behavioral phenotypic variation. Here we focus on polymorphisms in the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) and vasopressin receptor gene 1a (Avpr1a) in chimpanzees and bonobos. In humans, a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the third intron of OXTR (rs53576 SNP (A/G)) is linked with social behavior, with the risk allele (A) carriers showing reduced levels of empathy and prosociality. Bonobos and chimpanzees differ in these same traits, therefore we hypothesized that these differences might be reflected in variation at the rs53576 position. We sequenced a 320 bp region surrounding rs53576 but found no indications of this SNP in the genus Pan. However, we identified previously unreported SNP variation in the chimpanzee OXTR sequence that differs from both humans and bonobos. Humans and bonobos have previously been shown to have a more similar 5′ promoter region of Avpr1a when compared to chimpanzees, who are polymorphic for the deletion of ∼360 bp in this region (+/− DupB) which includes a microsatellite (RS3). RS3 has been linked with variation in levels of social bonding, potentially explaining part of the interspecies behavioral differences found in bonobos, chimpanzees and humans. To date, results for bonobos have been based on small sample sizes. Our results confirmed that there is no DupB deletion in bonobos with a sample size comprising approximately 90% of the captive founder population, whereas in chimpanzees the deletion of DupB had the highest frequency. Because of the higher frequency of DupB alleles in our bonobo population, we suggest that the presence of this microsatellite may partly reflect documented differences in levels of sociability found in bonobos and chimpanzees.
The Effect of Mode of Delivery on Postpartum Sexual Function and Sexual Quality of Life in Primiparous Women

Pregnancy and delivery are one of the most significant periods of women's life that causes hormonal and bodily alterations which could have major effects on sexual function and sexual quality of life. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of mode of delivery on postpartum sexual function and sexual quality of life in primiparous women. A comparative descriptive design was used. The study was conducted at the family planning outpatient clinic of Benha teaching hospital. A purposive sample of 277 primiparous women were divided in two groups vaginal delivery (n= 140) and cesarean section (n=137). Three tools were used for data collection; 1) Structured interviewing questionnaire to collect data about the women' demographic characteristics, gynecologic and sexual history. 2) Female sexual function index was used to evaluate sexual function of the studied women. 3) Sexual quality of life-female questionnaire. The study results showed that 65% of vaginal delivery group and 57.7% of cesarean section group had poor sexual function level, 76.4% of vaginal delivery group and 75.9% of cesarean section group had average level of sexual quality of life after delivery, which revealed no statistically significant differences (P > 0.05) between the two groups as regard to postpartum sexual function and sexual quality of life. Moreover, there was a positive highly statistically significant correlation (P < 0.01) between the women' sexual function scores and their sexual quality of life scores. The study concluded that there were no statistically significant differences between vaginal delivery and cesarean section groups as regard to postpartum sexual function and sexual quality of life. The study recommended that nurses should provide sexual education for women during postpartum period to enhance sexual functioning and sexual quality of life.
In Vitro Activities of Cefminox against Anaerobic Bacteria Compared with Those of Nine Other Compounds

ABSTRACT The agar dilution MIC method was used to test the activity of cefminox, a β-lactamase-stable cephamycin, compared with those of cefoxitin, cefotetan, moxalactam, ceftizoxime, cefotiam, cefamandole, cefoperazone, clindamycin, and metronidazole against 357 anaerobes. Overall, cefminox was the most active β-lactam, with an MIC at which 50% of isolates are inhibited (MIC50) of 1.0 μg/ml and an MIC90 of 16.0 μg/ml. Other β-lactams were less active, with respective MIC50s and MIC90s of 2.0 and 64.0 μg/ml for cefoxitin, 2.0 and 128.0 μg/ml for cefotetan, 2.0 and 64.0 μg/ml for moxalactam, 4.0 and >128.0 μg/ml for ceftizoxime, 16.0 and >128.0 μg/ml for cefotiam, 8.0 and >128.0 μg/ml for cefamandole, and 4.0 and 128.0 μg/ml for cefoperazone. The clindamycin MIC50 and MIC90 were 0.5 and 8.0 μg/ml, respectively, and the metronidazole MIC50 and MIC90 were 1.0 and 4.0 μg/ml, respectively. Cefminox was especially active against Bacteroides fragilis(MIC90, 2.0 μg/ml), Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (MIC90, 4.0 μg/ml), fusobacteria (MIC90, 1.0 μg/ml), peptostreptococci (MIC90, 2.0 μg/ml), and clostridia, including Clostridium difficile (MIC90, 2.0 μg/ml). Time-kill studies performed with six representative anaerobic species revealed that at the MIC all compounds except ceftizoxime were bactericidal (99.9% killing) against all strains after 48 h. At 24 h, only cefminox and cefoxitin at 4× the MIC and cefoperazone at 8× the MIC were bactericidal against all strains. After 12 h, at the MIC all compounds except moxalactam, ceftizoxime, cefotiam, cefamandole, clindamycin, and metronidazole gave 90% killing of all strains. After 3 h, cefminox at 2× the MIC produced the most rapid effect, with 90% killing of all strains.
Arctic-Wide Sea Ice Thickness Estimates From Combining Satellite Remote Sensing Data and a Dynamic Ice-Ocean Model with Data Assimilation During the CryoSat-2 Period

Exploiting the complementary character of CryoSat-2 and Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity satellite sea ice thickness products, daily Arctic sea ice thickness estimates from October 2010 to December 2016 are generated by an Arctic regional ice-ocean model with satellite thickness assimilated. The assimilation is performed by a Local Error Subspace Transform Kalman filter coded in the Parallel Data Assimilation Framework. The new estimates can be generally thought of as combined model and satellite thickness (CMST). It combines the skill of satellite thickness assimilation in the freezing season with the model skill in the melting season, when neither CryoSat-2 nor Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity sea ice thickness is available. Comparisons with in situ observations from the Beaufort Gyre Exploration Project, Ice Mass Balance Buoys, and the NASA Operation IceBridge demonstrate that CMST reproduces most of the observed temporal and spatial variations. Results also show that CMST compares favorably to the Pan-Arctic Ice-Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System product and even appears to correct known thickness biases in the Pan-Arctic Ice-Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System. Due to imperfect parameterizations in the sea ice model and satellite thickness retrievals, CMST does not reproduce the heavily deformed and ridged sea ice along the northern coast of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago and Greenland. With the new Arctic sea ice thickness estimates sea ice volume changes in recent years can be further assessed.
Design and Test of a Biosensor-Based Multisensorial System: A Proof of Concept Study

Sensors are often organized in multidimensional systems or networks for particular applications. This is facilitated by the large improvements in the miniaturization process, power consumption reduction and data analysis techniques nowadays possible. Such sensors are frequently organized in multidimensional arrays oriented to the realization of artificial sensorial systems mimicking the mechanisms of human senses. Instruments that make use of these sensors are frequently employed in the fields of medicine and food science. Among them, the so-called electronic nose and tongue are becoming more and more popular. In this paper an innovative multisensorial system based on sensing materials of biological origin is illustrated. Anthocyanins are exploited here as chemical interactive materials for both quartz microbalance (QMB) transducers used as gas sensors and for electrodes used as liquid electrochemical sensors. The optical properties of anthocyanins are well established and widely used, but they have never been exploited as sensing materials for both gas and liquid sensors in non-optical applications. By using the same set of selected anthocyanins an integrated system has been realized, which includes a gas sensor array based on QMB and a sensor array for liquids made up of suitable Ion Sensitive Electrodes (ISEs). The arrays are also monitored from an optical point of view. This embedded system, is intended to mimic the working principles of the nose, tongue and eyes. We call this setup BIONOTE (for BIOsensor-based multisensorial system for mimicking NOse, Tongue and Eyes). The complete design, fabrication and calibration processes of the BIONOTE system are described herein, and a number of preliminary results are discussed. These results are relative to: (a) the characterization of the optical properties of the tested materials; (b) the performance of the whole system as gas sensor array with respect to ethanol, hexane and isopropyl alcohol detection (concentration range 0.1–7 ppm) and as a liquid sensor array (concentration range 73–98 μM).
Controlling mRNA stability and translation with the CRISPR endoribonuclease Csy4

The bacterial CRISPR endoribonuclease Csy4 has recently been described as a potential RNA processing tool. Csy4 recognizes substrate RNA through a specific 28-nt hairpin sequence and cleaves at the 3′ end of the stem. To further explore applicability in mammalian cells, we introduced this hairpin at various locations in mRNAs derived from reporter transgenes and systematically evaluated the effects of Csy4-mediated processing on transgene expression. Placing the hairpin in the 5′ UTR or immediately after the start codon resulted in efficient degradation of target mRNA by Csy4 and knockdown of transgene expression by 20- to 40-fold. When the hairpin was incorporated in the 3′ UTR prior to the poly(A) signal, the mRNA was cleaved, but only a modest decrease in transgene expression (∼2.5-fold) was observed. In the absence of a poly(A) tail, Csy4 rescued the target mRNA substrate from degradation, resulting in protein expression, which suggests that the cleaved mRNA was successfully translated. In contrast, neither catalytically inactive (H29A) nor binding-deficient (R115A/R119A) Csy4 mutants were able to exert any of the effects described above. Generation of a similar 3′ end by RNase P-mediated cleavage was unable to rescue transgene expression independent of Csy4. These results support the idea that the selective generation of the Csy4/hairpin complex resulting from cleavage of target mRNA might serve as a functional poly(A)/poly(A) binding protein (PABP) surrogate, stabilizing the mRNA and supporting translation. Although the exact mechanism(s) remain to be determined, our studies expand the potential utility of CRISPR nucleases as tools for controlling mRNA stability and translation.
Eosinophilic esophagitis in adults, an emerging cause of dysphagia. Description of 9 cases.

BACKGROUND Eosinophilic esophagitis is a rare condition mainly affecting children, although the number of cases reported in adults is on the increase. It is characterized by intense infiltration of eosinophilic leukocytes in the esophageal mucosa, without involvement of other sections of the alimentary canal. MATERIAL AND METHODS Over the past year, following the performance of endoscopies and biopsies, our service identified nine patients who were diagnosed with suffering from this disorder. Each patient sought medical help for episodes of long-term, self-limited dysphagia or food impaction in the alimentary canal. RESULTS Endoscopy revealed esophageal stenosis in the form of simultaneous contraction rings or regular stenosis. In six cases, the manometric study showed a nonspecific motor disorder of severe intensity affecting the esophageal body, and another patient had a disorder characterized by the presence of simultaneous waves and secondary peristaltic waves in the three thirds of the organ. These disorders are presumably due to eosinophilic infiltration of the muscular layer or ganglionar cells of the esophagus, and account for symptoms in these patients. Although the etiopathogenesis of this illness is uncertain, it is clearly an immunoallergic manifestation. CONCLUSIONS As the number of diagnosed cases is on the increase, eosinophilic esophagitis is in adults a specific entity within the differential diagnosis of dysphagia in young males with a history of allergies. Eosiniphilic esophagitis responds in a different number of ways to therapies used. We successfully used fluticasone propionate, a synthetic corticoid applied topically, which proved to be efficient in the treatment of this illness by acting on the pathophysiological basis of the process. It does not have any adverse effects, thus offering advantages over other therapies such as systematic corticoids or endoscopic dilations.
Effects of nelfinavir and its M8 metabolite on lymphocyte P‐glycoprotein activity during antiretroviral therapy

The efflux pump P‐glycoprotein decreases drug penetration into cells and tissues. To determine whether nelfinavir or its metabolites inhibit P‐glycoprotein in lymphocytes from a healthy volunteer, whole blood cells from human immunodeficiency virus‐negative donors were incubated either in human plasma to which nelfinavir or its M8 metabolite were added ex vivo or in plasma from human immunodeficiency virus‐positive patients receiving nelfinavir. The 50% P‐glycoprotein inhibitory concentrations of purified nelfinavir and M8 were 10.9 μmol/L and 29.5 μmol/L, respectively, for CD4+ T cells and 19.3 μmol/L and >48 μmol/L, respectively, for CD8+ T cells. Significant inhibitory activity was present in plasma from 27 of 46 patients (59%) receiving nelfinavir. Plasma nelfinavir concentrations correlated with percent inhibition on CD4+ (ρ = 0.85, P < .0001) and CD8+ (ρ = 0.83, P < .0001) T cells. The M8 concentrations correlated weakly with both inhibition and nelfinavir concentrations. On the basis of our findings in lymphocytes from a healthy volunteer exposed to plasma from human immunodeficiency virus‐positive patients, we believe it is likely that CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes in patients receiving nelfinavir as therapy for human immunodeficiency virus may have P‐glycoprotein inhibited by plasma concentrations of nelfinavir.
Estradiol valerate and dienogest: a new approach to oral contraception

Most combination oral contraceptives contain ethinyl estradiol and a progestin. A new and novel oral contraceptive formulation combines estradiol valerate (E2V) with dienogest (DNG) in a four-phase dosing regimen. 17β-estradiol is a naturally-occurring estrogen, and a contraceptive pill containing such an estrogen offers potential benefits with regard to metabolic side effects and adverse events. Dienogest is derived from 19-nortestosterone and exerts profound progestational effects on the endometrium, but it differs from other progestins in its class by its antiandrogenic activity. Estradiol valerate plus dienogest (E2V/DNG) is now available in a four-phasic regimen that integrates an estrogen stepdown and progestin stepup dosing approach along with a short two-day hormone-free interval. This regimen offers safe, reliable contraception and has been shown to be an effective treatment for heavy menstrual bleeding. Metabolic effects and adverse events appear similar to those reported with oral contraceptives containing ethinyl estradiol.