Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strategies to handle the challenges of intimacy in night-time home care services

ABSTRACT The provision of intimate and personal care constitutes a challenge for both careworkers and care recipients and is still a neglected area of research. An observational study of the interaction between the careworkers and care recipients in night-time home care services was conducted in a large municipality in Sweden. The results were analysed in light of previous research and theorising on strategies for handling intimacy in intimate care. The study highlights what appears to be a tension between the ways in which the recipient of care is conceptualised as an active consumer of care in present-day guidelines and the strategies chosen on the part of both caregivers and care recipients, when intimacy and integrity is most at stake, and framed as it is by the care recipients’ situation of dependency and vulnerability. Home care services night-time was shown to be a case that markedly differs from many other settings of intimate care, but in the interactional routines intimate care came forth as a smooth and minimally obtrusive activity. The careworkers and care recipients engaged in strategies such as disattention, eye-discipline, middle-distance orientation, and objectification, thereby serving the purpose of balancing the transgressions of thresholds of intimacy.
Cognition and Competency Restoration: Using the RBANS to Predict Length of Stay for Patients Deemed Incompetent to Stand Trial

Intact cognition is a foundational component of one’s ability to be competent to stand trial. Given the cost of assessing and treating incompetence, it is recommended that clinicians develop efficient methods to identify individuals who are most likely to require intensive competence-related treatment interventions. This study sought to ascertain whether a brief cognitive screening instrument, the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), could predict the length of stay required to restore trial competency among 288 forensic psychiatric inpatients undergoing competency restoration treatment. Results indicated that incompetent defendants who were older or demonstrated poorer overall RBANS performance required longer hospitalizations to be deemed restored to trial competence. Interestingly, incompetent defendants scoring in the 51–60 range on the RBANS Total Scale Index were almost three times more likely to require hospitalization beyond the average length of stay. Findings support the use of the RBANS to identify individuals early in the treatment process who may require and benefit from intensive restoration treatment.
A complexity-effective architecture for accelerating full-system multiprocessor simulations using FPGAs

Functional full-system simulators are powerful and versatile research tools for accelerating architectural exploration and advanced software development. Their main shortcoming is limited throughput when simulating systems with hundreds of processors or more. To overcome this bottleneck, we propose the PROTOFLEX simulation architecture, which uses FPGAs to accelerate simulation. Prior FPGA approaches that prototype a complete system in hardware are either too complex when scaling to large-scale configurations or require significant effort to provide full-system support. In contrast, PROTOFLEX reduces complexity by virtualizing the execution of many logical processors onto a consolidated set of multiple-context execution engines on the FPGA. Through virtualization, the number of engines can be judiciously scaled, as needed, to deliver on necessary simulation performance. To achieve low-complexity full-system support, a hybrid simulation technique called transplanting allows implementing in the FPGA only the frequently encountered behaviors, while a software simulator preserves the abstraction of a complete system We have created a first instance of the PROTOFLEX simulation architecture, which is an FPGA-based, full-system functional simulator for a 16-way UltraSPARC III symmetric multiprocessor server hosted on a single Xilinx Virtex-II XCV2P70 FPGA. On average, the simulator achieves a 39x speedup (and as high as 49x) over comparable software simulation across a suite of applications, including OLTP on a commercial database server.
Maternal Malaria and Perinatal HIV Transmission, Western Kenya,

To determine whether maternal placental malaria is associated with an increased risk for perinatal mother-to-child HIV transmission (MTCT), we studied HIV-positive women in western Kenya. We enrolled 512 mother-infant pairs; 128 (25.0%) women had malaria, and 102 (19.9%) infants acquired HIV perinatally. Log10 HIV viral load and episiotomy or perineal tear were associated with increased perinatal HIV transmission, whereas low-density malaria (<10,000 parasites/μL) was associated with reduced risk (adjusted relative risk [ARR] 0.4). Among women dually infected with malaria and HIV, high-density malaria (>10,000 parasites/μL) was associated with increased risk for perinatal MTCT (ARR 2.0), compared to low-density malaria. The interaction between placental malaria and MTCT appears to be variable and complex: placental malaria that is controlled at low density may cause an increase in broad-based immune responses that protect against MTCT; uncontrolled, high-density malaria may simultaneously disrupt placental architecture and generate substantial antigen stimulus to HIV replication and increase risk for MTCT.
The Use of a Microcomputer to Teach Color Concepts: Effectiveness and Relationship Between Attitudes and Learning Styles

The purposes of this project were to develop a microcomputer-assisted instruction (MCAI) lesson on color concepts, evaluate it's effectiveness, and determine whether relationships existed between achievement and attitudes or preferred learning styles. Students enrolled in an introductory college level course in design and clothing construction completed the MCAI lesson, a pre- and post-test, an Attitude Measure, and a Learning Style Preference Inventory. Results indicated that the MCAI lesson was effective in increasing the knowledge of students about the specific color concepts included in the lesson. Furthermore, a relationship existed between achievement and student attitudes. The attitude subset which contributed to predicting the posttest score was clarity of the lesson. High correlations were also found between clarity and two other subsets: (1) instructional value, and (2) freedom and responsibility felt. Generally the more positive the attitude, the higher the posttest score was. No significant relationship was found between achievement and preferences for particular learning styles.
A systems thinking approach to address the complex issue of plastic surgery in South Korea

Bodily shape and facial appearances which do not remain the same with aging varies across culture and continents and these are impacted by racism, class prejudice and ableism. As a result many people with less self-esteem resort to varying beauty therapy including plastic surgery. More than 5.8 million enhancements with photos of celebrities to emulate them are done by people every year in Asia. But people who are dissatisfied request repeat procedures or experience depression and adjustment problems, social isolation, family problems, self-destructive behaviours and anger toward the surgeon and staffs. To date, no solution has been put into place to reduce the number of plastic surgeries. This study therefore uses a systems thinking approach to identify the key variables that are affecting this trend. Casual loop diagrams developed reveal and foster integrated planning for governments to intervene the lustic interest in plastic surgery to minimise negative consequences and reduce impersonations and the wrong motives such as; undergoing plastic surgery to achieve success in life. The Bayesian models developed will help decision makers anticipate the long-term consequences of their decisions and actions, as well as avoid the unintended consequences of plastic surgery on the health system.
Integral equation formulation for scatter density problem

Integral equation formulation for the problem of finding a circularly symmetric scatter density (SD) around the mobile is deduced, and the SD is computed assuming that the distribution of angle-of-arrival (AoA) in the base station is known. The corresponding integral equation is solved by using the spline collocation method. Thus, instead of fitting a priori selected SD to estimated AoA distribution, the SD is solved based on AoA characteristics.
Development of a simplified slow sand filter for water purification

This study reports the development of a simplified slow sand filter with granular carbon for water purification which could be used for teaching. It was fabricated using transparent perspex glass for the filter chamber, PVC pipe, fine sand, coarse sand and granular carbon for removal of physicochemical and pathogens in the contaminated water. The filter has a50 litres storage tank from which raw water flows into the filter chamber through the pipe. The filter chamber (30 by 30 cm and 100 cm high) has 10 cm layer of granular carbon, three sand layers as the filter bed (30cm depth with grain size 0.20 mm, 20 cm with grain size 0.35 mm and 10 cm with gravel 6.00 mm). Water samples were collected from Asa River. The water sample was poured into the water filter; water samples were collected and analyzed. The filter has a capacity for producing 15.25 litres/h of clean water. The values of turbidity, pH, Electrical conductivity, Calcium, Magnesium, Sodium, Potassium, Iron II, Colonies growing on nutrient agent at 37°C in 24 hours and E-Coli for the filtered water were 0.91mg/l, 6.7, 26. 8μS/cm, 12.6mg/l, 16.0mg/l, 0.82mg/l, 0.31mg/l, 0.12mg/l, 12 and 8, respectively while the corresponding values for non-filtered water were 6.7mg/l, 7.2, 83. 7μS/cm, 28.0mg/l, 20.0mg/l, 1.63mg/l, 0.72mg/l, 0.65mg/l, 40 and 13. The filter reduced E-Coli present in the water by 69%. The slow sand water filter could be used in the school laboratory as a water treatment prototype device for teaching students. Keywords: slow sand filter, water quality, water treatment, granular carbon
Conformational Dependence of Intracellular NADH on Metabolic State Revealed by Associated Fluorescence Anisotropy*♦

Global analysis of fluorescence and associated anisotropy decays of intrinsic tissue fluorescence offers a sensitive and non-invasive probe of the metabolically critical free/enzyme-bound states of intracellular NADH in neural tissue. Using this technique, we demonstrate that the response of NADH to the metabolic transition from normoxia to hypoxia is more complex than a simple increase in NADH concentration. The concentration of free NADH, and that of an enzyme bound form with a relatively low lifetime, increases preferentially over that of other enzyme bound NADH species. Concomitantly, the intracellular viscosity is reduced, likely due to the osmotic swelling of mitochondria. These conformation and environmental changes effectively decrease the tissue fluorescence average lifetime, causing the usual total fluorescence increase measurements to significantly underestimate the calculated concentration increase. This new discrimination of changes in NADH concentration, conformation, and environment provides the foundation for quantitative functional imaging of neural energy metabolism.
Honeybees can learn the relationship between the solar ephemeris and a newly-experienced landscape

SUMMARY Many species learn the sun's daily pattern of azimuthal movement (the solar ephemeris function) for use in sun-compass orientation. In honeybees, this learning is accomplished with much innate guidance and yields stubborn, imprinting-like retention of certain aspects of the stored information. One such case involves the failure of transplanted bees to update their memories of the relationship between the solar ephemeris and a new landscape, even after many days' experience at the new site. In the present study, I ask whether the bees in previous transplantation experiments failed to update their memories of the relationship between the sun and landscape because the source and recipient landscapes were (rotated) panoramic twins of each other, each dominated by a conspicuous treeline. To test this hypothesis, I transplanted bees from their natal site at the bottom of a valley to a panoramically different, treelined site and later tested the bees' knowledge of the sun's course in relation to the treeline. The test involved observing the bees' communicative dances under overcast skies at a second treeline that was a mirror image of the first. The cloudy-day dances show that the bees had indeed learned the relationship between sun's pattern of movement and the (panoramically novel) treelined site, indicating that the bees' memory of the relationship between the ephemeris function and the landscape is not incapable of revision as the earlier results had suggested. I discuss these results in the context of a brief summary of our current understanding of solar ephemeris learning in bees.
Adults' Motivation for Physical Activity: Differentiating Motives for Exercise, Sport, and Recreation

Physical inactivity continues to be a significant problem that adversely impacts adult health. An important construct to consider in researching adult physical activity adherence is motivation. Factors motivating participation in two types of physical activity, exercise and sport, have been compared; however, factors motivating participation in another type of physical activity, recreation, have often been left out of the comparison. The current study compared motivation to partake in physical activity among adults whose primary type of physical activity was exercise, sport, or recreation. Results indicate that participation motivation significantly varied among physical activity types (exercise, sport, and recreation). It was found that the participants who engaged in recreation as their primary form of physical activity and the participants who took part in exercise as their primary form of physical activity had motivations that were more similar to one another's than to those of the participants who use sport as their primary form of physical activity. Specifically, the findings suggest that participants who use exercise and recreation activities as their primary form of physical activity are motivated by more extrinsic constructs, compared to those who engage in sport as their primary form of physical activity. Findings provide insight that can be used to facilitate improved adherence to physical activity recommendations.
An Advanced Pre-Processing Pipeline to Improve Automated Photogrammetric Reconstructions of Architectural Scenes

Automated image-based 3D reconstruction methods are more and more flooding our 3D modeling applications. Fully automated solutions give the impression that from a sample of randomly acquired images we can derive quite impressive visual 3D models. Although the level of automation is reaching very high standards, image quality is a fundamental pre-requisite to produce successful and photo-realistic 3D products, in particular when dealing with large datasets of images. This article presents an efficient pipeline based on color enhancement, image denoising, color-to-gray conversion and image content enrichment. The pipeline stems from an analysis of various state-of-the-art algorithms and aims to adjust the most promising methods, giving solutions to typical failure causes. The assessment evaluation proves how an effective image pre-processing, which considers the entire image dataset, can improve the automated orientation procedure and dense 3D point cloud reconstruction, even in the case of poor texture scenarios.
Promoting Hispanic student retention in two Texas community colleges

Texas’ Hispanic population has increased dramatically since 2000 as have Hispanic enrollments in higher education (+118%). Despite having the largest spike in college enrollment, Hispanic students’ completion rates remain the lowest among all ethnic groups. To identify institutional practices that might encourage Hispanic student retention, researchers surveyed 100 first-time students at two Hispanic-serving metropolitan community colleges in Texas during the 2012-2013 academic year. Survey response data were analyzed using a variety of statistical methods. Results indicated that Hispanic students chose to attend college because they wanted a better future (80%) or wanted to learn new skills (41%) and that the majority was paying for college with cash. In terms of institutional practices, students identified meal plans, on-campus child care, mandatory orientation, and work-study opportunities as most important campus services to help them balance academic and social obligations and stay in school. Institutional initiatives to build parental and peer support were valued as were non-traditional forms of financial aid such as book vouchers, supplemental education services, and club scholarships. Community colleges often attract students who are less prepared for college than those who attend 4-year institutions, and with the growth of the Hispanic student demographic, it is important for them to devise institutional practices that support these students’ retention and completion.
Effect of austenite grain size and bainite morphology on overall kinetics of bainite transformation in steels

AbstractAn attempt is made to rationalise some contradictory observations on the effect of austenite grain size on the overall kinetics of the bainite transformation in steels. Experiments have been carried out on two steels which show opposite effects of austenite grain size on the reaction rate. General equations describing the reaction rate are derived by taking into account the morphology of the bainite in each steel. The equations derived can explain the contradictory effects of the austenite grain size on the overall reaction rate. The results are also found to be in good agreement with the published data.
Correcting Satellite Passive Microwave Brightness Temperatures in Forested Landscapes Using Satellite Visible Reflectance Estimates of Forest Transmissivity

Forest cover attenuation of microwave emission is a significant challenge to the estimation of snow accumulation from remote sensing microwave observations because canopy biomass attenuates the understory snowcover emission and produces additional emission to that generated by the snowpack and subnivean surface. Transmissivity of radiation is an important variable that describes how a tree canopy attenuates microwave emission from the ground. Although it can be measured in the field or estimated by models using field data at the <italic>in situ</italic> scale, the estimation of transmissivity at regional to global scales is a challenge. Following the work of Metsämäki <italic>et al.</italic> (2005), a transmissivity model that uses reflectance data from the moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer is applied to estimate transmissivity at global scales. The influence of the vegetation attenuation and the emission on the brightness temperature (Tb), which is observed by advanced microwave scanning radiometer-Earth observing system sensor <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\rm{(Tb}}_{{\rm{vegetation}}})$</tex-math> </inline-formula>, can be calculated by comparing the Tb of the ground below-canopy <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\rm{(Tb}}_{{\rm{ground}}})$</tex-math></inline-formula> with the Tb above the forest canopy <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\rm{(Tb}}_{{\rm{ac}}})$</tex-math></inline-formula> during the presnow season. Linear regression models derived between transmissivity estimates and the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\rm{Tb}}_{{\rm{vegetation}}}$</tex-math></inline-formula> had significant <italic>R </italic><sup>2</sup> values of 0.76 (0.96) at 18 GHz vertical (horizontal) polarization and 0.91 (0.91) at 36 GHz vertical (horizontal) polarization.
Aquagenic wrinkling of the palms in cystic fibrosis: comparison with controls and genotype-phenotype correlations.

OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of aquagenic wrinkling of the palms (AWP) in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) compared with control patients, and evaluate for genotype-phenotype correlations. Since its first description over 30 years ago, AWP has frequently been anecdotally associated with CF, but this association has not been confirmed in a rigorous prospective case-control study. DESIGN Blinded comparison. SETTING The CF and dermatology clinics at St Louis Children's Hospital. PARTICIPANTS Forty-four individuals with CF from a CF clinic and 26 controls from a dermatology clinic. Intervention Participants were tested for AWP using 3 minutes of water immersion with room-temperature tap water. Main Outcome Measure The degree of AWP was scored from 0 (no wrinkling) to 4 (severe wrinkling) by 3 blinded physicians. For genotype-phenotype correlations, patients with CF were divided into those homozygous for the DeltaF508 mutation and those with other genotypes. RESULTS The mean AWP score of the CF group was significantly higher than the mean score of the control group (1.5 vs 0.6; P < .001). Patients with CF who were homozygous for the DeltaF508 mutation (n = 27) had significantly higher scores than patients with CF who were not homozygous for the DeltaF508 mutation (n = 17) (1.7 vs 1.1; P = .02). The 17 patients with CF who were not homozygous for the DeltaF508 mutation still had higher scores than the control group (1.1 vs 0.6; P = .03). There was no correlation between sweat chloride concentrations measured at the time of diagnosis and AWP score. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm the association between AWP and CF. Among patients with CF, greater AWP occurs in those who are homozygous for the DeltaF508 mutation.
Multivariate Generalized Gaussian Distribution: Convexity and Graphical Models

We consider covariance estimation in the multivariate generalized Gaussian distribution (MGGD) and elliptically symmetric (ES) distribution. The maximum likelihood optimization associated with this problem is non-convex, yet it has been proved that its global solution can be often computed via simple fixed point iterations. Our first contribution is a new analysis of this likelihood based on geodesic convexity that requires weaker assumptions. Our second contribution is a generalized framework for structured covariance estimation under sparsity constraints. We show that the optimizations can be formulated as convex minimization as long the MGGD shape parameter is larger than half and the sparsity pattern is chordal. These include, for example, maximum likelihood estimation of banded inverse covariances in multivariate Laplace distributions, which are associated with time varying autoregressive processes.
The Value Orientations of Today's Young People

In the process of the transformation of Russian society in the 1990s, the concept of upbringing just about disappeared from the sphere of education and youth policy in this country, as well as from the work of the mass media. The idea that labor training, patriotic indoctrination, and moral upbringing should be components of civic education, an idea that had been validated in practice, began to fade into oblivion. Very quickly it became clear, however, that these areas of work with young people must not be ignored. One reaction designed to make up for gaps in upbringing was the Russian Federation Government Decree of 16 February 2001, spelling out the state program “Patriotic Education of Citizens of the Russian Federation for 2001–5. ” A new government document came out in July 2005 concerning a similar program for 2006–10, and the program itself was published [1]. What is happening with our young people at the beginning of the