Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emotional reframing as a mediator of the relationships between transformational school leadership and teachers’ motivation and commitment

Purpose Empirical evidence links transformational school leadership to teachers’ autonomous motivation and affective organizational commitment. Little empirical research, however, has focused on the emotional mechanisms behind these relations. Following the argument in the literature that transformational leadership can transform followers’ emotions, the purpose of this paper is to examine whether teacher’s experience of emotional reframing by principal mediates the relationships between transformational school leadership and these work-related outcomes (i.e. teachers’ motivation and commitment). Design/methodology/approach Questionnaires were used to collect information from 639 primary school teachers nested in 69 randomly sampled schools. The data were analyzed using multilevel path analysis software. Findings The results indicated that the effect of transformational school leadership behaviors on teachers’ autonomous motivation was fully mediated by emotional reframing, and that the effect of transformational school leadership on affective organizational commitment was partially mediated by it. The authors further found an indirect relationship of transformational school leadership with affective organizational commitment through emotional reframing and autonomous motivation. Originality/value The present study makes a unique contribution to the literature by confirming that teachers’ sense of emotional reframing is a key affective mechanism by which school leaders influence teachers’ motivation and commitment.
How Do Organizational Capabilities Shape Industry Dynamics

This paper aims to reconcile the logic behind stochastic models of firm growth and the notion of organizational capabilities as drivers of economic performance. In the proposed behavioral model of bounded rational firms, two mechanisms drive growth: independent stochastic growth of individual opportunities and the process by which firms capture new opportunities. To extend the stochastic framework, this research incorporates behavioral assumptions about the interactions between the firm and the business environment and the mechanism by which firms sense and seize business opportunities. The model generates statistical regularities in firm size, growth rates, and profit differentials between firms that are consistent with observed patterns in real-world settings. The greater the selective power of organizational capabilities, the more the steady-state distribution of firm size appears to deviate from log normality, which provides a potential explanation of various observed departures from the Law of Proportionate Effect. With regard to firm diversity, the distribution of opportunities per firm is skewed; just a few entities account for most of the business opportunities that arise during the simulation period. Moreover, the interaction between the external environment and the internal structure of firms influences heterogeneity in the value of the opportunities that they capture, as well as the persistence of long-run profits.
Why Quasar Pairs are Binary Quasars and Not Gravitational Lenses

We use simple comparisons of the optical and radio properties of the wide separation (3″<Δθ<10″) quasar pairs to demonstrate that they are binary quasars rather than gravitational lenses. The most likely model is that all of the pairs are binary quasars, with a one-sided 2 σ (1 σ) upper limit of 22% (8%) on the lens fraction. Simple models for the expected enhancement of quasar activity during galaxy mergers that are consistent with the enhancement observed at low redshift can explain the incidence, separations, redshifts, velocity differences, and radio properties of the binary quasar population. Only a modest fraction (≲5%) of all quasar activity need be associated with galaxy mergers to explain the binary quasars.
Incorporating Labour Market Frictions into an Optimising-Based Monetary Policy Model

This paper examines the effects of introducing a non Walrasian labour market into the "New Neoclassical Synthesis'' framework. A dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model is formulated, solved, and calibrated in order to evaluate its ability to replicate the main features of the Euro area economy. This framework allows us to study the effects of labour market rigidities, nominal rigidities, and other frictions to give account of the impact of monetary policy, technology, public spending, and preference shocks. Our simulations show that: (i) real rigidities complement but do not supplant nominal rigidities, (ii) the Beveridge and Phillips relations are reproduced, (iii) hours worked are too sensitive an adjustment variable, and (iv) the real wage dynamics is still procyclical.
Influence of occlusal loading on peri-implant clinical parameters. A pilot study

Objectives: To investigate the relation between occlusal loading and peri-implant clinical parameters (probing depth, bleeding on probing, gingival retraction, width of keratinized mucosa, and crevicular fluid volume) in patients with implant-supported complete fixed prostheses in both arches. Material and Methods: This clinical study took place at the University of Valencia (Spain) dental clinic. It included patients attending the clinic for regular check-ups during at least 12 months after rehabilitation of both arches with implant-supported complete fixed ceramo-metallic prostheses. One study implant and one control implant were established for each patient using the T-Scan®III computerized system (Tesco, South Boston, USA). The maxillary implant closest to the point of maximum occlusal loading was taken as the study implant and the farthest (with least loading) as the control. Occlusal forces were registered with the T-Scan® III and then occlusal adjustment was performed to distribute occlusal forces correctly. Peri-implant clinical parameters were analyzed in both implants before and two and twelve months after occlusal adjustment. Results: Before occlusal adjustment, study group implants presented a higher mean volume of crevicular fluid (51.3±7.4 UP) than the control group (25.8±5.5 UP), with statistically significant difference. Two months after occlusal adjustment, there were no significant differences between groups (24.6±3.8 UP and 26±4.5 UP respectively) (p=0.977). After twelve months, no significant differences were found between groups (24.4±11.1 UP and 22.5±8.9 UP respectively) (p=0.323). For the other clinical parameters, no significant differences were identified between study and control implants at any of the study times (p>0.05). Conclusions: Study group implants receiving higher occlusal loading presented significantly higher volumes of crevicular fluid than control implants. Crevicular fluid volumes were similar in both groups two and twelve months after occlusal adjustment. Key words:Occlusal loading, crevicular fluid, peri-implant clinical parameters, T-Scan®.
Associations of HLA-DP Variants with Hepatitis B Virus Infection in Southern and Northern Han Chinese Populations: A Multicenter Case-Control Study

Background Human leukocyte antigen DP (HLA-DP) locus has been reported to be associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in populations of Japan and Thailand. We aimed to examine whether the association can be replicated in Han Chinese populations. Methodology/Principal Findings Two HLA-DP variants rs2395309 and rs9277535 (the most strongly associated SNPs from each HLA-DP locus) were genotyped in three independent Han cohorts consisting of 2 805 cases and 1 796 controls. By using logistic regression analysis, these two SNPs in the HLA-DPA1 and HLA-DPB1 genes were significantly associated with HBV infection in Han Chinese populations (P = 0.021∼3.36×10−8 at rs2395309; P = 8.37×10−3∼2.68×10−10 at rs9277535). In addition, the genotype distributions of both sites (rs2395309 and rs9277535) were clearly different between southern and northern Chinese population (P = 8.95×10−5 at rs2395309; P = 1.64×10−9 at rs9277535). By using asymptomatic HBV carrier as control group, our study showed that there were no associations of two HLA-DP variants with HBV progression (P = 0.305∼0.822 and 0.163∼0.881 in southern Chinese population, respectively; P = 0.097∼0.697 and 0.198∼0.615 in northern Chinese population, respectively). Conclusions Our results confirmed that two SNPs (rs2395309 and rs9277535) in the HLA-DP loci were strongly associated with HBV infection in southern and northern Han Chinese populations, but not with HBV progression.
Retirement climate in organisations : its relationship to intended retirement age : a thesis presented in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Industrial/Organisational Psychology at Massey University

As the 'baby boomer' generation approaches retirement and begins to leave the workforce, birth and death trends have alerted researchers of an impending labour shortage in the near future. Despite these trends, the climate toward older workers in organisations can be negati ve. Negative attitudes toward older workers and age discrimination can be manifested in policies that encourage early retirement, and send messages to older workers that they are not valued. As a strategy to combat projected labour shortages, older workers who are phys ically able could be encouraged to stay in the workforce. The present study explored how older workers' (55 years and over) perceptions of organisational attitudes and behaviours influenced their retirement decision. A new variable , Retirement Climate (RC) operational ised employee's perceptions of o rganisational attitudes and behaviours directed to o lder workers. The re lationships of RC and other independent variables (organ isationa l policies and pressure to retire) to intended retirement age (IRA), and the moderating effects of job satisfaction, organi sationa l commitment and job involvement on the relationship between RC and fRA, were explored. Results indicated that RC was not re lated to IRA, but was related to perceptions of pressure to retire. Pressure to retire was also in turn significantly re lated to IRA, suggesting that pressure to retire may act as a mediati ng variable. Organisational policies showed no significant relationships with dependent variables, and none of the predicted moderator variables showed any moderating effect on the relationship between RC and IRA. Possible explanations for the results are discussed, and avenues for future research are suggested. Practical implications of the findings for organisations to encourage longer workforce participation of older workers are also presented.
The Impact of Gender Inequality in Education and Employment on Economic Growth in Developing Countries : Updates and Extensions

Using cross-country and panel regressions, we investigate to what extent gender gaps in education and employment reduce economic growth. Using most recent data and investigating a long time period (1960-2000), we update the results of previous studies on education gaps on growth and extend the analysis to employment gaps using panel data. the combined ‘costs’ of education and employment gaps in Middle East and North Africa and South Asia amount respectively to 0.9-1.7 and 0.1-1.6 percentage point differences in growth compared to East Asia. Gender gaps in employment appear to have an increasing effect on economic growth differences between regions, with the Middle East and North Africa and South Asia suffering from slower growth in female employment. 1 A version of this paper was written as a background paper for the World Bank Flagship Report “Gender and Development in the Middle East and North Africa. Women in the public sphere” (2004). Funding from the World Bank in support of this work is gratefully acknowledged. We would like to thank Nadereh Chamlou, Susan Razzazz, four anonymous referees, participants at the MENA consultative council meeting on gender at the World Bank, Paula Lorgelly and participants at seminars in Munich and Cambridge for helpful comments and discussion.
Bottom-up Instance Segmentation using Deep Higher-Order CRFs

Traditional Scene Understanding problems such as Object Detection and Semantic Segmentation have made breakthroughs in recent years due to the adoption of deep learning. However, the former task is not able to localise objects at a pixel level, and the latter task has no notion of different instances of objects of the same class. We focus on the task of Instance Segmentation which recognises and localises objects down to a pixel level. Our model is based on a deep neural network trained for semantic segmentation. This network incorporates a Conditional Random Field with end-to-end trainable higher order potentials based on object detector outputs. This allows us to reason about instances from an initial, category-level semantic segmentation. Our simple method effectively leverages the great progress recently made in semantic segmentation and object detection. The accurate instance-level segmentations that our network produces is reflected by the considerable improvements obtained over previous work.
Does Social Class Make a Difference?

'The record of sociology in its application to the study and practice of education since the war is a sorry story. Quite apart from its tragic practical consequences, one wonders at the intellectual shoddiness of it all, the spectacle of people of modest talents on the make. It has been a tawdry, overhasty but curiously bombastic exercise as reviewed in this book, pretentious and arrogant, often with careless, incompetent, or none-too-scrupulous treatment of evidence either through cowardice in the face of fashion or perhaps unawareness that truth matters' (p.193),1
‘Because the ego started to grow bigger than the project itself’: a case study of founder’s syndrome on an educational community of practise

ABSTRACT In 2010 I worked at Green Shoots, a nonprofit service-learning urban farming school started by John Browne. Despite an openly egalitarian community of practise ethic, Browne used his leadership to create a hierarchy at the school that eventually led to a walk-out by staff in which he responded by outright firing them. Using the theory of founder’s syndrome, or the tendency of a founder to subvert the aims of their organization, I examine Browne’s leadership and how his attitude destroyed the community of practise at Green Shoots. Findings reveal a character profile of Browne as a charming and inspirational teacher who engaged in a dominating leadership that contradicted the community of practise's ideals, creating further contradictions which resulted in disrespected students, disillusioned staff, and a founder unable to take responsibility for his leadership. Finally, I discuss the importance of addressing the power of founders so that founder’s syndrome does not impede the important work of educational nonprofits.
Population Subdivision of Japanese Flounder Paralichthys olivaceus in the Pacific Coast of Tohoku Japan Detected by Means of Mitochondrial Phylogenetic Information

This study deals with mitochondrial phylogenetic information of Japanese flounder in the Pacific coast of Tohoku Japan to estimate the genetic population subdivision that was undetectable by conventional population statistics. We determined complete sequences of mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit-2 (ND2) and subunit-5 (ND5) genes for 151 individuals from northern (Aomori and Iwate prefectures, 40–41°N) and southern (Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures, 37–38°N) waters. Samples from both waters showed high genetic diversity, including 126 haplotypes. These haplotypes were located at mixed and nested positions on an inferred phylogenetic tree, and traditional F-statistics indicated no significant population divergence (ϕST = −0.00335, p > 0.05), corroborating our previous study. Three variable sites, however, showed significant base composition heterogeneity between samples from the northern and southern waters (Fisher’s exact-test, p < 0.01). Nucleotide substitutions at the three sites converged on an apical clade, which consisted of the five southern individuals, whereas its sister clade consisted only of the three northern individuals. This phylogenetic information corroborates previous ecological studies indicating the presence of separate stocks in the northern and southern waters.
Sultan Qaboos University Students’ Attitudes towards Inclusion of Their Peers with Disabilities

The present study aimed to identify attitudes of students of Sultan Qaboos University towards the inclusion of disabled peers. To achieve the objective of the study, the researchers used a scale to measure students' attitudes towards inclusion. The final version of the scale consisted of 34 items after verification of validity and reliability. The results showed no significant difference between students of colleges of science and humanities in their attitudes towards the inclusion of their disabled peers. However, there were statistically significant differences in attitudes towards the inclusion of students with disabilities in terms of gender; in favor of females domain and the total score. There were differences in attitudes towards the inclusion of students with disabilities among males and females in the college of science, and in favor of females on all domains of the scale. Also, there was significant interaction effect (gender by academic level). Meanwhile, the results of the study did not show statistically significant differences in attitudes between male and female students in the College of Humanities The exception was in behavioral domain, where female students’ attitudes were more positive towards inclusion than male students. In light of these results, the study recommended to study the attitudes of both administration and academic staff towards the inclusion of students with disabilities in Sultan Qaboos University.
r-regular shape reconstruction from unorganized points

Abstract In this paper, the problem of reconstructing a surface, given a set of scattered data points is addressed. First, a precise formulation of the reconstruction problem is proposed. The solution is mathematically defined as a particular mesh of the surface called the normalized mesh. This solution has the property to be included inside the Delaunay graph. A criterion to detect faces of the normalized mesh inside the Delaunay graph is proposed. This criterion is proved to provide the exact solution in 2D for points sampling a r-regular shapes with a sampling path e sin ( π 8 )r . In 3D, this result cannot be extended and the criterion cannot retrieve every face. A heuristic is proposed in order to complete the surface.
Comparison of Back Handspring Technique Performed by Advanced Artistic Gymnasts – A Case Study

Introduction. The aim of this case study was to compare selected kinematic parameters that characterise the back handspring technique performed by advanced artistic gymnasts. Material and methods. Three elite gymnasts with varied training experience were examined in the study. The athletes performed back handsprings video-recorded at a frequency of 120 Hz. The values of selected kinematic parameters were determined using SkillSpector v.1. 3.2 computer software. Results. The most substantial differences between athletes were found in the values of the horizontal velocity of the centre of mass (CoM) at the end of the back handspring. The athlete with the longest training experience achieved values which were three times higher (1.04 m/s) than those obtained by the other two athletes with shorter experience (Gymnast 2: 0.36 m/s; Gymnast 3: 0.37 m/s). The horizontal CoM velocity at the end of the back handspring declined for all the gymnasts, with the smallest decrease observed for the athlete with the longest training experience (two-fold decrease from 1.95 to 1.04 m/s) and the biggest one found for the athlete with the shortest training experience (six-fold decrease from 2.18 to 0.37 m/s). The vertical CoM velocity increased in all the athletes in the consecutive phases of the back handspring; this increase was the biggest for the athlete with the longest training experience (five-fold increase from 0.71 to 3.42 m/s) and the lowest for the athlete with the shortest training experience (three-fold increase from 1.08 to 3.24 m/s). Conclusions. The results obtained in this study demonstrated both similarities and substantial differences in the technique of performing the back handspring in artistic gymnasts with many years of training experience. In most cases, the directions of linear CoM velocities and angular velocities were similar in the joints analysed. Very similar values of angular positions were also obtained. Furthermore, the values which turned out to be the most varied were those recorded for angular velocity.
Social Capital, Government Expenditures, and Growth

This paper shows that social capital increases economic growth by raising government investment in human capital. We present a model of stochastic endogenous growth with imperfect political agency. Only some people correctly anticipate the future returns to current spending on public education. Greater social diffusion of information makes this knowledge more widespread among voters. As a result, we find it alleviates myopic political incentives to underinvest in human capital, and it helps the selection of politicians that ensure high productivity in public education. Through this mechanism, we show that social capital raises the equilibrium growth rate of output and reduces its volatility. We provide evidence consistent with the predictions of our model. Individuals with higher social capital are more informed about their government. Countries with higher social capital spend a higher share of output on public education.
Psychometric evaluation of the revised Sense of Humor Scale and the construction of a parallel form

Abstract McGhee (1996, Health, healing and the amuse system: Humor as survival training. Dubuque: Kendall/Hunt; 1999, Health, healing and the amuse system: Humor as survival training (3rd edition). Dubuque: Kendall/Hunt) proposed a model of the sense of humor including the six “humor skills” of enjoyment of humor, laughter, verbal humor, finding humor in everyday life, laughing at yourself, and humor under stress, measured with the Sense of Humor Scale (SHS). The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the SHS (revised version from 1999) and to develop a parallel form of the SHS to double the amount of items for each humor skill. Combing these two forms should yield reliable and factorially valid scales of the six humor skills. Participants in two online studies (n=315 and 542) completed the SHS and its parallel form, along with measures of various outcomes. The psychometric properties of the SHS were of mixed quality, and those of the parallel form were uniformly good. The parallel-test reliability was sufficiently high to regard the two scales as parallel versions. Combining the two measures resulted in reliable and distinguishable scales of the six humor skills. All humor skills correlated positively with humor-related attitude and mood, cheerfulness, and life satisfaction. Importantly, they spanned different dimensions of the sense of humor, underscoring the usefulness of each humor skill.
Assortative matching in the labour market? Stylised facts about workers and plants

This paper presents evidence on the sorting of heterogenous workers across heterogenous establishments. Individuals’ wages are decomposed into a time-varying component, an individual effect, and an establishment specific effect. Individual and establishment specific effects are furthermore decomposed into an observable and an unobservable part. In terms of the observable part of the productivity effects, we find evidence of positive sorting between workers and establishments. In terms of unobservable characteristics, we find a negative correlation. We also find evidence of positive matching in terms of both observed and unobserved productivity components, between workers from different educational groups. JEL-codes: J21, J31, J41