Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Normative Data and Psychometric Properties of the Child Behavior Checklist and Teacher Rating Form in an Iranian Community Sample

Objective The objective of this study was to determine the normative data and psychometric properties of the parent and teacher rating form of the child behavior checklist (CBCL) in an Iranian community sample. Methods A sample of 6-12 year old students was randomly selected from ten elementary schools in Tehran, Iran. The parent's and teacher's versions of CBCL were accomplished. Clinical interview and the kiddie schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia – present and lifetime version, Persian version (K-SADS-PL-PV) were used to evaluate the validity and the cut-off point of CBCL and the teacher rating form (TRF). Findings Among 600 recruited students with mean age of 9.11 years (SD=1.45), 54.16% were girls (n=325). Girls had significantly lower scores in Attention Problems, Delinquent Behavior, Aggressive Behavior, Externalizing and Total Problems than boys (P<0.01). The relation was significant between the CBCL Internalizing and students' ages (β=0.124, P=0.002). The Internal consistency, the correlation among the CBCL and TRF scales, and the inter-rater correlations for CBCL/TRF scales were good to high for most indices and subscales. Based on the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis the best convergences were between the CBCL Attention Problems subscale and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) diagnosis, the CBCL Total Problems and any disorders, the CBCL Externalizing and ADHD+ODD diagnosis. The sensitivities and specificities of the CBCL subscales were higher than the TRF except for Externalizing/ADHD+ oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) which was reverse. Conclusion These results support the multicultural CBCL/TRF findings. CBCL is a useful instrument to consider ADHD and any disorders in community samples.
MSBR: a multi-path routing approach based on end-to-end reliability

This paper presents the MSBR protocol. MSBR is a Quality of Service (QoS) reactive protocol which uses a new metric to choose reliable and stable multiple routes among those found during the discovery phase. To determine the best selection of routes among those returned, MSBR uses a new metric, the "combined reliability based on trust" to determine the most reliable paths among those found. A single path version of MSBR, called SBR, can also be used to find paths with a minimum required end-to-end reliability. The multiple paths chosen by MSBR are used to send data simultaneously on multiple routes. In MSBR, the route reconstruction phase can be partial or complete. Both versions were evaluated. Simulation results show that the new metric describes well the reliability of the discovered routes. They also show that MSBR with complete route reconstruction makes a good usage of network resources by achieving a better average delivery rate and a lower end-to-end delay
Infectious Agents As Markers of Human Migration toward the Amazon Region of Brazil

Infectious agents are common companions of humans and since ancient times they follow human migration on their search for a better place to live. The study of paleomicrobiology was significantly improved in its accuracy of measurement with the constant development of better methods to detect and analyze nucleic acids. Human tissues are constantly used to trace ancient infections and the association of anthropological evidences are important to confirm the microbiological information. Infectious agents which establish human persistent infections are particularly useful to trace human migrations. In the present article, the evidence of infection by viral agents such as human T-lymphotropic virus 1, human T-lymphotropic virus 2, human herpes virus-8, JC virus, and a bacterium, Chlamydia trachomatis, was described using different methodologies for their detection. Their presence was further used as biomarkers associated with anthropological and other relevant information to trace human migration into the Amazon region of Brazil. The approach also evidenced their microbiological origin, emergence, evolution, and spreading. The information obtained confirms much of the archeological information available tracing ancient and more recent human migration into this particular geographical region. In this article, the paleomicrobiological information on the subject was summarized and reviewed.
An Application of Capacitive Electrode for Detecting Electrocardiogram of Neonates and Infants

A new system has been developed for obtaining electrographic potential through thin underwear inserted between the measuring electrodes and the skin of a neonate or an infant when lying supine. The system is based on capacitive coupling involving the electrode, the underwear, and the skin. Validation of the system revealed the following: (1) the signal detected using the system displayed a periodic waveform synchronized with the simultaneously recorded ECG, even when thin underwear was inserted between the electrode and the skin, (2) the gain of the system when the cloth was inserted decreased as the frequency increased. The present system appears promising for application to bedding as a non-invasive and awareness-free method for ECG monitoring of neonates or infants. However, there is still room for improvement in terms of its practical use, because the high-frequency component of the signal was depressed in comparison with the reference ECG
Effects of low-fat dairy intake on blood pressure, endothelial function, and lipoprotein lipids in subjects with prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension

Objective This randomized crossover trial assessed the effects of 5 weeks of consuming low-fat dairy (one serving/day each of 1% fluid milk, low-fat cheese, and low-fat yogurt) versus nondairy products (one serving/day each of apple juice, pretzels, and cereal bar) on systolic and diastolic blood pressures (SBP and DBP), vascular function (reactive hyperemia index [RHI] and augmentation index), and plasma lipids. Methods Patients were 62 men and women (mean age 54.5 years, body mass index 29.2 kg/m2) with prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension (mean resting SBP/DBP 129.8 mmHg/80.8 mmHg) while not receiving antihypertensive medications. A standard breakfast meal challenge including two servings of study products was administered at the end of each treatment period. Results Dairy and nondairy treatments did not produce significantly different mean SBP or DBP in the resting postprandial state or from premeal to 3.5 hours postmeal (SBP, 126.3 mmHg versus 124.9 mmHg; DBP, 76.5 mmHg versus 75.7 mmHg), premeal (2.35 versus 2.20) or 2 hours postmeal (2.33 versus 2.30) RHI, and premeal (22.5 versus 23.8) or 2 hours postmeal (12.4 versus 13.2) augmentation index. Among subjects with endothelial dysfunction (RHI ≤ 1.67; n = 14) during the control treatment, premeal RHI was significantly higher in the dairy versus nondairy condition (2.32 versus 1.50, P = 0.002). Fasting lipoprotein lipid values were not significantly different between treatments overall, or in subgroup analyses. Conclusion No significant effects of consuming low-fat dairy products, compared with low-fat nondairy products, were observed for blood pressures, measures of vascular function, or lipid variables in the overall sample, but results from subgroup analyses were consistent with the hypothesis that dairy foods might improve RHI in those with endothelial dysfunction.
L'insertion professionnelle des jeunes. À la recherche d'une définition conventionnelle

Jean Vincens, Auf der Suche nach einer konventionellen Definition der beruflichen Integration Jugendlicher. ; Als Reaktion auf ein gesellschaftliches Bedurfnis (Suche nach Losungsmoglichkeiten fur die Arbeitslosigkeit, Ausgrenzung, Anpassung des Bildungssystems) haben sich die Forschungsansatze im Bereich beruflicher Eingliederung vervielfacht, wobei sich diese Ansatze in ihren Zielsetzungen, Methoden, Datengrundlage und Ausmassen unterscheiden. Daraus resultiert letztlich eine absolute Unklarheit innerhalb dieses Forschungsbereichs. Um den Ausgangspunkt fur die Unstimmigkeiten und Widerspuche festzumachen, gibt der Verfasser dieses Beitrags einen Uberblick uber die Behandlung dieses Themas in der Fachliteratur. Die "Veranderung des Zustands" und der "Prozes, in dessen Rahmen sich diese Verânderung vollzieht" erscheinen in alien Ansatzen als die beiden wichtigsten Komponenten : ; - die fur den "Ausgangs-" sowie "Endzustand" gegebenen Definitionen, die alien objektiven oder subjektiven Untersuchungen zugrunde liegen, sind uberaus vielfaltig und erschweren somit, den Prozes der beruflichen Integration genauer festzumachen ; je nach Art der gesellschaftlichen Forderung (Ausbildung-Beschaftigung oder Ausgrenzung) legen die Untersuchungsmethoden eher einen objektiven (Definition, die einem Individuum aufgezwungen wird) oder einen subjektiven (Einschatzung seines Zustandes durch das Individuum) Ansatzpunkt zugrunde ; ; - die Untersuchung des Prozesses erfordert das Zusammenstellen von Zeitreihen auf der Grundlage von Befragungen uber den Werdegang, der chronologische Daten der einzelnen Situationen beinhaltet. Diese Befragungen, die durchgefuhrt wurden, um den Behorden bei der Entscheidungsfindung zu helfen, stellen daruberhinaus eine durchaus wertvolle Grundlage fur statistische und okonometrische Arbeiten dar, wenn man sich dabei der Grenzen bewust ist und die Bedeutung der erfasten individuellen Situationen kritisch hinterfragt : Arbeitslosigkeit, unsicheres Beschaftigungsverhaltnis, Praktikum, Studien. Im Hinblick darauf, die momentan greifenden Masnahmen in diesem Bereich besser auf einander abzustimmen, stellt der Verfasser dieses Beitrags abschliesend eine konventionelle Definition der beruflichen Intergration fur eine Kohorte vor. Dabei bleib allerdings die Frage bestehen - zumindest fur die Wirtschaftsexperten -, ob es eine individuelle Vorstellung der Integration gibt.
Investigations on the lung and kidney function in workers exposed to cadmium.

The kidney seems more sensitive to the chronic effect of cadmium than the lung. Only minor impairments of lung function (mild form of obstructive lung disease) were found after long-term occupational exposure (less than 20 yr) to moderate concentration of cadmium oxide dust and fume. This conclusion, cannot, however be extrapolated to acute or subacute inhalational exposure. The nephrotoxicity of cadmium consists in a tubular dysfunction characterized by an increased excretion of beta 2-microglobulin and giving rise to the classical tubular proteinuria and in a glomerular dysfunction evidenced by an increased excretion of high molecular weight proteins and increased levels of beta 2-microglobulin and creatinine in plasma and giving rise to a glomerular type proteinuria. These renal changes were mainly found in workers whose cadmium concentration at time of the survey exceeded 1 microgram Cd/100 ml in blood and 10 microgram Cd/g creatinine in urine. It should, however, be stressed that higher levels of Cd in blood and in urine are not necessarily associated with the presence of excessive proteinuria. In newly exposed workers, the Cd level in blood increases progressively to a plateau after several weeks. Cadmium level in urine fluctuates more. In workers exposed for several months to an airborne concentration exceeding 200 microgram/m3, Cd concentration in urine seems mainly influenced by recent exposure. ImagesFIGURE 1.
PENGARUH GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN DAN MOTIVASI TERRHADAP KINERJA KARYAWAN PADA PT. BANK NEGARA INDONESIA,TBK (REGIONAL SALES MANADO)

Abstract . The purpose of this study was to examine the influence leadership style and work motivation on employee performance (Studies in employees of PT. Bank Negara Indonesia Tbk (Regional Sales Manado)). The analytical method used is descriptive method with a quantitative approach and the multiple correlation and multiple regression using SPSS version 18.0. Based on the results of data analysis equations, regression obtained are as follows: Y = 4.240 + 0.270 x1 + 0,542 X2 Based on hypothesis testing using T test that the style of leadership and motivation positive and significant impact of motivation on employee performance. Results of studies simultaneously using the F test, indicating that all of the independent variables significantly affect the performance of employees. Rated R Square of 0.637 which means that the effect of variable X (leadership style and motivation) to variable Y (employee performance) is at 63.7% while the remaining 36.3% influenced by other variables beyond the variables studied. Keywords : leadership style, motivation, employee performance Abstrak . Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan dan motivasi terhadap kinerja karyawan (Studi kasus pada karyawan PT. Bank Negara Indonesia Tbk (Regional Sales Manado)). Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan korelasi ganda dan regresi ganda dan menggunakan program SPSS version 18.0. Berdasarkan hasil data persamaan analisis, regresi yang diperoleh adalah sebagai berikut: Y = 4.240 + 0.270 x1 + 0,542 X2 Berdasarkan pengujian hipotesis menggunakan uji T bahwa gaya kepemimpinan dan motivasi pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Hasil penelitian secara simultan dengan menggunakan uji F, menunjukkan bahwa semua variabel bebas berpengaruh secara signifikan terhadap kinerja karyawan. Nilai R Square sebesar 0,637 yang dapat diartikan bahwa pengaruh variabel X (gaya kepemimpinan dan motivasi) terhadap variabel Y (kinerja karyawan) adalah sebesar 63,7% sedangkan sisanya 36,3% dipengaruhi variabel lain diluar variabel yang diteliti Kata kunci : gaya kepemimpinan, motivasi, kinerja karyawan
Elastic model-based segmentation of 3-D neuroradiological data sets

This paper presents a new technique for the automatic model-based segmentation of three-dimensional (3-D) objects from volumetric image data. The development closely follows the seminal work of Taylor and Cootes on active shape models, but is based on a hierarchical parametric object description rather than a point distribution model. The segmentation system includes both the building of statistical models and the automatic segmentation of new image data sets via a restricted elastic deformation of shape models. Geometric models are derived from a sample set of image data which have been segmented by experts. The surfaces of these binary objects are converted into parametric surface representations, which are normalized to get an invariant object-centered coordinate system. Surface representations are expanded into series of spherical harmonics which provide parametric descriptions of object shapes. It is shown that invariant object surface parametrization provides a good approximation to automatically determine object homology in terms of sets of corresponding sets of surface points. Gray-level information near object boundaries is represented by 1-D intensity profiles normal to the surface. Considering automatic segmentation of brain structures as their driving application, the authors' choice of coordinates for object alignment was the well-accepted stereotactic coordinate system. Major variation of object shapes around the mean shape, also referred to as shape eigenmodes, are calculated in shape parameter space rather than the feature space of point coordinates. Segmentation makes use of the object shape statistics by restricting possible elastic deformations into the range of the training shapes. The mean shapes are initialized in a new data set by specifying the landmarks of the stereotactic coordinate system. The model elastically deforms, driven by the displacement forces across the object's surface, which are generated by matching local intensity profiles. Elastical deformations are limited by setting bounds for the maximum variations in eigenmode space. The technique has been applied to automatically segment left and right hippocampus, thalamus, putamen, and globus pallidus from volumetric magnetic resonance scans taken from schizophrenia studies. The results have been validated by comparison of automatic segmentation with the results obtained by interactive expert segmentation.
The Fourth R: The Arts and Learning

In this article, the authors bring together the central ideas of the prominent thinkers in arts education and arts in learning to construct a comprehensive case for the importance of the arts in every child's education. The roles of the arts in cognition, equitable access to meaning, student motivation, and cultural representation and understanding are explored. Illustrations are drawn from visible national projects translating the ideas into practice. Teacher voices on the power of the arts in the. learning of their children are introduced.
GUEST EDITOR'S INTRODUCTION TO SPECIAL ISSUE ON ATTACHMENT THEORY, SEPARATION, AND DIVORCE: FORGING COHERENT UNDERSTANDINGS FOR FAMILY LAW

Every day in family law courts and mediation rooms across the world, complex decisions are made about postseparation parenting that affect the developmental outcomes of countless children. Attorneys, judges, parents, and even mental health professionals are often poorly equipped to accurately apply developmental knowledge to these decisions, including knowledge from the vast field of attachment theory. A mounting body of research from developmental psychology and neuroscience confirms attachment relationships to be a central axis of the child's developmental pathway, in every family, in every culture throughout the world. The health of a child's attachments can influence multiple and far-reaching outcomes. As such, attachment theory and knowledge deserve a place in the family court's deliberations and planning for children, but to date, that place remains ill defined. Inconsistencies and misunderstandings, conundrums and complexities of applying attachment knowledge to divorce and separation matters are evident throughout the field. This Special Issue went in search of a shared praxis of meaning about attachment. The resulting collection of papers and interviews documents the views of multiple, eminent attachment experts, who discuss advances in the theory and consider guidelines for legal and mental health practitioners in applying attachment concepts to post-separation decision making. This opening paper charts the course of this project and summarizes the major points of convergence.
Effect of oxygen treatment on heart rate after abdominal surgery.

BACKGROUND Cardiac complications are common during the postoperative period and may be associated with hypoxemia and tachycardia. Preliminary studies in high-risk patients after operation have shown a possible beneficial effect of oxygen therapy on arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate. METHODS The authors studied the effect of oxygen therapy on arterial oxygen saturation and heart rate in 100 consecutive unselected patients randomly and double blindly allocated to receive air or oxygen therapy between the first and fourth day after major abdominal surgery. RESULTS The median arterial oxygen saturation rate increased significantly from 96% to 99% (P < 0.0001) and the heart rate decreased significantly from 85 beats/min to 81 beats/min (P < 0.0001) during oxygen supplementation compared with air administered by a binasal catheter. The greatest decrease in heart rate occurred in patients with the lowest oxygen saturation or the highest heart rate values before oxygen supplementation. Overall, 73% of this unselected group of patients responded with decreased heart rate during supplemental oxygen therapy. No significant differences in changes in heart rate after oxygen supplementation were found between patients with or without an epidural catheter or between the postoperative day studied. CONCLUSION Postoperative oxygen therapy increased arterial oxygen saturation and decreased heart rate after uncomplicated abdominal surgery in a consecutive unselected group of patients who received routine postoperative care.
Religiousness as a Predictor of Alcohol Use in High School Students

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between religiousness and alcohol use of adolescents. A sample of high school seniors was drawn based on the second follow-up National Educational Longitudinal Study of 1988 (NELS:88). Multiple regression was employed using a hierarchical strategy to determine the impact of religiousness on alcohol use when accounting for other factors that have been shown to affect alcohol use. The results provide support for examining religiousness variables as predictors of alcohol use patterns for adolescents. Also, inconsistent patterns between Asian-American, Hispanic, African-American, and Caucasian students were detected. Implications of the study and suggestions for future research are offered.
Chalcone Synthase (CHS) Gene Suppression in Flax Leads to Changes in Wall Synthesis and Sensing Genes, Cell Wall Chemistry and Stem Morphology Parameters

The chalcone synthase (CHS) gene controls the first step in the flavonoid biosynthesis. In flax, CHS down-regulation resulted in tannin accumulation and reduction in lignin synthesis, but plant growth was not affected. This suggests that lignin content and thus cell wall characteristics might be modulated through CHS activity. This study investigated the possibility that CHS affects cell wall sensing as well as polymer content and arrangement. CHS-suppressed and thus lignin-reduced plants showed significant changes in expression of genes involved in both synthesis of components and cell wall sensing. This was accompanied by increased levels of cellulose and hemicellulose. CHS-reduced flax also showed significant changes in morphology and arrangement of the cell wall. The stem tissue layers were enlarged averagely twofold compared to the control, and the number of fiber cells more than doubled. The stem morphology changes were accompanied by reduction of the crystallinity index of the cell wall. CHS silencing induces a signal transduction cascade that leads to modification of plant metabolism in a wide range and thus cell wall structure.