Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Symbolic rule-based classification of lung cancer stages from free-text pathology reports

OBJECTIVE To classify automatically lung tumor-node-metastases (TNM) cancer stages from free-text pathology reports using symbolic rule-based classification. DESIGN By exploiting report substructure and the symbolic manipulation of systematized nomenclature of medicine-clinical terms (SNOMED CT) concepts in reports, statements in free text can be evaluated for relevance against factors relating to the staging guidelines. Post-coordinated SNOMED CT expressions based on templates were defined and populated by concepts in reports, and tested for subsumption by staging factors. The subsumption results were used to build logic according to the staging guidelines to calculate the TNM stage. MEASUREMENTS The accuracy measure and confusion matrices were used to evaluate the TNM stages classified by the symbolic rule-based system. The system was evaluated against a database of multidisciplinary team staging decisions and a machine learning-based text classification system using support vector machines. RESULTS Overall accuracy on a corpus of pathology reports for 718 lung cancer patients against a database of pathological TNM staging decisions were 72%, 78%, and 94% for T, N, and M staging, respectively. The system's performance was also comparable to support vector machine classification approaches. CONCLUSION A system to classify lung TNM stages from free-text pathology reports was developed, and it was verified that the symbolic rule-based approach using SNOMED CT can be used for the extraction of key lung cancer characteristics from free-text reports. Future work will investigate the applicability of using the proposed methodology for extracting other cancer characteristics and types.
AS A SOURCE OF COMMERCIAL TECHNOLOGY : A DETAILED ANALYSIS OF UNIVERSITY PATENTING , 1965 – 1988

This paper explores the recent explosion in university patenting as a source of insight into the changing relationship between the university and the private sector. Before the mid-1980s, university patents were more highly cited, and were cited by more diverse patents, than a random sample of all patents. More recently several significant shifts in university patenting behavior have led to the disappearance of this difference. Thus our results suggest that between 1965 and 1988 the rate of increase of important patents from universities was much less than their overall rate of increase of patenting.
A Modular Failure-Aware Resource Allocation Architecture for Cloud Computing

The prevalence of cloud computing environments and the ever increasing reliance of large organisations on computational resources has meant that service providers must operate at unprecedented scales and levels of efficiency. Dynamic resource allocation (DRA) policies have been shown to allow service providers to improve resource utilisation and operational efficiency in presence of unpredictable demands, hence maximising profitability. However, practical considerations, such as power and space, have led service providers to adopt rack based approaches to application servicing. This co-location of computation resources, and the associated common provision of utilities it encourages, has immediate implications for system dependability. Specifically, in the presence of rack crash failures which can lead to all the servers within a rack becoming unavailable, resource allocation policies need to be cognisant of failures. In this paper, we address this issue and make the following specific contributions: (i) we present a modular architecture for failure-aware resource allocation, where a performance- oriented DRA policy is composed with a failure-aware resource allocator, (ii) we propose a metric, called Capacity Loss, to capture the exposure of an application to a rack failure, (iii) we develop an algorithm for reducing the proposed metric across all applications in a system operating under a DRA policy, and (iv) we evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed architecture on a large-scale DRA policy in context of rack failures, ultimately concluding that our approach reduces the number of failed requests as compared to a single random allocation. The main benefit of our approach is that we have developed a failure-aware resource allocation framework that can work in tandem with any DRA policy.
The effects of color scheme and brand slogan on the perception of brand personality and brand attitude: a study of the change on CVI elements in the rebranding process of Hansa

The technological progress in the last years led to a deep integration of audio-visual devices, such as smartphones, into our everyday life. Consequently, visual stimuli are omnipresent and play a crucial role in nowadays society. This development towards a visual orientation of society forces brands to rethink and reinforce their visual appearance. Furthermore, brands need to stand out in emerging markets and therefore their Corporate Visual Identity (CVI), as a key part of the visual appearance, needs to be further developed. This study researches the effects of such a modification in the CVI and focusses especially on the rebranding case of the convenience food brand hansa, which is a bulk customer brand in the sector of deep-frozen products, and functions as the practical setting of the study. More specifically, the aim of the study is to examine the relative influence of the CVI elements slogan wording, the color scheme, their interaction effect and more precisely the element congruence on the attitudes towards the brand and the perception of brand personality. In order to examine these effects this research applies a 2 (color: bright vs dark colors) x 2 (slo-gan: exciting vs competent slogan) in between subject factorial design and was conducted through an online questionnaire using the survey software Qualtrics, which was spread via social media in order to gain a sufficient and diverse participant sample. The main findings of the current study indicate a significant effect of color on the perceived brand personality. Furthermore, the congruency of the underlying semantic meaning of color scheme and brand slogan was found to affect the evaluation of the brand. Moreover, it was shown that the visual and verbal elements of the CVI influence the evaluation of the CVI differ-ently. At the same time, the attitude towards the CVI had a significant effect on the evaluation of the brand. Overall, these results provide an important contribution to elaborating previous research on the influence of CVI elements on brand associations and furthermore create a foundation for future research in this field. Moreover, the study outcomes offer a first guideline for selecting and changing CVI elements based on their congruence and on their effect on the brand personality and attitude, leading to better predictable and more successful rebranding effects. The study results emphasize the importance for companies to investigate their efforts when changing CVI elements in order to influence consumers’ brand associations.
An Investigation of Initial Trust in Mobile Banking

A global explosion in the use of electronic commerce has been witnessed in recent times with the monetary value of products and services. This Research has investigate the factors adoption of an initial trust in electronic banking. The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of initial trust on mobile banking user adoption in Kermanshah province of Iran. Based on the valid responses collected from a survey questionnaire, structural equation modeling (SEM) technology was employed to examine the research model. The sample was mainly composed of users having rich mobile Internet experience, which may affect their trust in mobile banking. Future research needs to generalize these results to other samples, such as those users without much mobile Internet experience.
Multiple roles and well-being among midlife women: testing role strain and role enhancement theories.

OBJECTIVE Research on women's multiple roles frequently adopts one of two perspectives: role strain, which argues that assuming multiple roles is detrimental to mental well-being, or role enhancement, which argues that engaging in multiple roles enhances mental well-being. We argue that the relationship between role occupancy and well-being is manifested through multiple dimensions of role experiences. We investigate the association between depressive symptomatology and various dimensions of the roles of wife, mother, paid worker, and informal caregiver to aging parents. METHODS Data are from the 1992 wave of the Health and Retirement Study. Depressive symptomatology, measured by a subset of the CES-D scale, is the dependent variable. To assess the robustness of findings relative to different functional forms of the dependent variable, we estimate multiple regression, log-linear regression, and multinomial logit models. Independent variables include demographic characteristics, measures of role occupancy, role demands, and role satisfaction. RESULTS Although the number of roles women assume affects their reports of depressive symptoms, once the demand and satisfaction associated with these roles is controlled, number has no effect; that is, the effect of the number of roles is indirect. DISCUSSION Our results highlight the importance of women's perceptions of the quality of their roles in relation to their overall well-being. Future investigations of women's multiple roles should examine how roles may provide rewards, impose constraints, or generate conflict, as well as the extent to which the willingness to assume multiple roles and the reported levels of role satisfaction and mental well-being may be jointly endogenous.
Employee development’s role in organizational commitment: a preliminary investigation comparing generation X and millennial employees

Purpose Seasoned workers often complain that their Millennial colleagues lack organizational commitment (OC). Research findings, however, are mixed. Furthermore, research suggests that employee professional development increases job satisfaction and reduces turnover. Still, few studies have examined if professional development increases commitment, particularly among Millennials. This paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach This study compared survey responses, gathered through social media, of Generation X (GenX) and Millennial employees on the relationship between employee development (ED) and OC. Findings Millennials (vs GenXers) reported significantly lower levels of continuance commitment, but no differences on normative and affective commitment. GenXers reported more affective and normative commitment than Millennials when having ED opportunities. Practical implications ED opportunities may not be similarly impactful on OC across generational cohorts. It might stimulate commitment amongst GenXers, but not Millennials. Social implications Findings also suggest that ED programs may be a normalized fixture in organizations today and that Millennials may take ED opportunities for granted. Originality/value This study is the first to identify potential factors influencing differences between GenXers and Millennials on OC. More research is needed to identify approaches to increasing Millenials’ commitment if managers want to keep their best employees or to ensure training and development is impactful.
Assessing the Relationship between Information It Businesss Strategic Alignment and Information Technology Effectiveness : An Empirical Investigation in the Bank Saderat Iran

In the recent years all of the banks have become more competitive and they have looked to improve performance and competitiveness. During last decade IT-business strategic alignment and information technology effectiveness have emerged as significant antecedents of organizational performance . This study investigates potential influences of IT-business strategic alignment on information technology effectiveness in the branches of bank Saderat Iran in the Isfahan province. Data were collected by questionnaire and the reliability coefficient of the questionnaire based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient was estimated 0.85. The results support the positive influence of on IT-business strategic alignment on information technology effectiveness.
Enhancing an Application Server to Support Available Components

Three-tier middleware architecture is commonly used for hosting enterprise-distributed applications. Typically, the application is decomposed into three layers: front end, middle tier, and back end. Front end ("Web server") is responsible for handling user interactions and acts as a client of the middle tier, while back end provides storage facilities for applications. Middle tier ("application server") is usually the place where all computations are performed. One of the benefits of this architecture is that it allows flexible management of a cluster of computers for performance and scalability; further, availability measures, such as replication, can be introduced in each tier in an application-specific manner. However, incorporation of availability measures in a multitier system poses challenging system design problems of integrating open, nonproprietary solutions to transparent failover, exactly once execution of client requests, nonblocking transaction processing, and an ability to work with clusters. This paper describes how replication for availability can be incorporated within the middle and back-end tiers, meeting all these challenges. This paper develops an approach that requires enhancements to the middle tier only for supporting replication of both the middleware back-end tiers. The design, implementation, and performance evaluation of such a middle-tier-based replication scheme for multidatabase transactions on a widely deployed open source application server (JBoss) are presented.
How Students with Mathematics Learning Disabilities Understands Fraction: A Case from the Indonesian Inclusive School

This research aims to analyze ways of understanding of students with mathematics learning disabilities when learning fraction. The research was conducted in an Inclusive Junior High School in the West Java Province, Indonesia. This study is qualitative, with the single-case (holistic) designs. The case will focus on three students who suspected of having mathematics learning disabilities when they learn fraction. The data were collected through student tests, observations, document and media analysis, and teacher interview. The data analysis was conducted using interpretational analysis. The results showed that students with mathematics learning disabilities performed two mental acts with corresponding ways of understanding and ways of thinking; those are interpreting and problem-solving. The other interesting findings were: (1) students know the common denominator method in the addition of fractions; however, they incorrectly apply the method; (2) Surprisingly, students used the common denominator approach in the multiplication of fraction; (3) in the division of fraction, students mistakenly apply the invert multiply algorithm.
Intelligent analysis of data cube via statistical methods

Data cube is a multi-dimensional structure of data representation used in data warehousing, which is analyzed using Online Analytical Process(OLAP). However, OLAP in itself is incapable of intelligent analysis in terms of generating a compact and useful data cube as well as lacks the power of predicting empty measures in data cube. Recently statistical methods have been applied for compact cube generation and prediction of empty measures in data cube. In this paper we reviewed and critically evaluated the available work done in this area. Literature review highlighted that sparsity, data redundancy and need of domain knowledge are problems in the way of intelligent analysis. Statistical methods have solved these issues in schema generation, compact cube generation and in prediction of empty measures of data cube individually. Methodology to solve these problems and then to perform an intelligent analysis has not yet been developed. In order to develop such an integrated methodology, we propose a conceptual model for intelligent analysis of data cube via statistical methods in the first stage. This model is integrating statistical methods used in generating a compact cube with a prediction mechanism. Our next target is to develop this model into a complete methodology.
Exit from the Hospital Industry

We study the exit of hospitals from the market for inpatient services. More generous hospital reimbursement significantly reduces the probability of exit throughout the 1990s. Conditional on reimbursement levels, hospital efficiency was not a significant determinant in the early 1990s but in the mid- to late 1990s, less efficient hospitals were significantly more likely to exit. Throughout the period, high-tech services increased the probability of survival, and for-profit hospitals were more likely to exit. The role of Medicare as a determinant of exit became less important in the latter half of the 1990s.
Schedulability and end-to-end latency in distributed ECU networks: formal modeling and precise estimation

Embedded control systems in automobiles are typically implemented by a set of tasks deployed on multiple Electronic Control Units (ECUs) communicating via one or more buses like CAN or FlexRay. In the case of safety-critical systems, there are hard real-time bounds on the (i) response times of tasks/messages, and (ii) end-to-end latencies of certain task/message chains. These depend on various factors like the number of tasks (and messages) involved in the processing (and communication) sequence, parameters of these tasks/messages, scheduling policies, communication protocols, clock drifts, etc. Moreover, since the data transfer among tasks/messages is typically via asynchronous buffers that are overwritable and sticky, multiple semantics are possible for end-to-end latency. Hence, precise estimation of response times and end-to-end latencies in embedded systems is a non-trivial problem. In this paper, we propose a model-checking based technique to compute worst-case response times and end-to-end latencies. We consider a distributed system made of preemptively scheduled tasks and non-preemptively scheduled messages. Given a chain in the system, we estimate two different end-to-end latencies --LIFO and LILO-- which are important in automotive domain. From a system description, we automatically synthesize a formal model based on a discrete event simulation formalism called Calendar Automata. It is then model-checked to compute response times and end-to-end latencies. Our technique is more scalable than the existing formal methods based techniques. We have illustrated this technique on reasonably large case-studies from the automotive domain.
Diophantine Equations for Second‐Order Recursive Sequences of Polynomials

Let B be a nonzero integer. Let define the sequence of polynomials Gn(x) by G0(x) = 0, G1(x) = 1, Gn+1(x) = xGn(x) +BGn−1(x), n ∈ N. We prove that the diophantine equation Gm(x) = Gn(y) for m,n ≥ 3, m 6= n has only finitely many solutions.
The BioScope corpus: annotation for negation, uncertainty and their scope in biomedical texts

This article reports on a corpus annotation project that has produced a freely available resource for research on handling negation and uncertainty in biomedical texts (we call this corpus the BioScope corpus). The corpus consists of three parts, namely medical free texts, biological full papers and biological scientific abstracts. The dataset contains annotations at the token level for negative and speculative keywords and at the sentence level for their linguistic scope. The annotation process was carried out by two independent linguist annotators and a chief annotator -- also responsible for setting up the annotation guidelines -- who resolved cases where the annotators disagreed. We will report our statistics on corpus size, ambiguity levels and the consistency of annotations.
Change of Positive Selection Pressure on HIV-1 Envelope Gene Inferred by Early and Recent Samples

HIV-1 infection has been on the rise in Japan recently, and the main transmission route has changed from blood transmission in the 1980s to homo- and/or hetero-sexual transmission in the 2000s. The lack of early viral samples with clinical information made it difficult to investigate the possible virological changes over time. In this study, we sequenced 142 full-length env genes collected from 16 Japanese subjects infected with HIV-1 in the 1980s and in the 2000s. We examined the diversity change in sequences and potential adaptive evolution of the virus to the host population. We used a codon-based likelihood method under the branch-site and clade models to detect positive selection operating on the virus. The clade model was extended to account for different positive selection pressures in different viral populations. The result showed that the selection pressure was weaker in the 2000s than in the 1980s, indicating that it might have become easier for the HIV to infect a new host and to develop into AIDS now than 20 years ago and that the HIV may be becoming more virulent in the Japanese population. The study provides useful information on the surveillance of HIV infection and highlights the utility of the extended clade models in analysis of virus populations which may be under different selection pressures.
Towards Agent-Based Coalition Formation for Service Composition

The topic of agent-based service composition has been experiencing much attention recently. Researchers are applying agent technology with the aim to improve adaptiveness and flexibility of prevailing static Web service composition solutions. One major characteristic of multi-agent systems in particular is their ability of emergent behavior that allows gaining complex system behavior from small distributed sets of simple rules. This paper describes a multi-agent-based coalition formation approach for service composition that achieves emergent behavior based on a light-weight interaction protocol and decentralized decision making. The paper also presents evaluation results of first experiments to underline the validity of the approach.
Antagonism of non‐depolarising neuromuscular block: current practice

There is now mounting evidence that even small degrees of postoperative residual neuromuscular block increases the incidence of adverse respiratory events in the Post Anaesthesia Care Unit and may increase longer‐term morbidity as well. In the absence of quantitative neuromuscular monitoring, residual block is easily missed. A very strong case can be made for the routine administration of a non‐depolarising antagonist unless it can be objectively demonstrated that complete recovery has occurred spontaneously. However, the use of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors is associated with the potential for cardiovascular and respiratory side‐effects, so there are cogent reasons for using low doses when the level of neuromuscular block is not intense. As little as 0.015–0.025 mg.kg−1 of neostigmine is required at a train‐of‐four count of four with minimal fade, whereas 0.04–0.05 mg.kg−1 is needed at a train‐of‐four count of two or three. If only a single twitch or none at all can be evoked, neostigmine should not be expected to promptly reverse neuromuscular block, and antagonism is best delayed till a train‐of‐four‐count of two is achieved.