Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stage of development , governance and performance of inter-firm innovation cooperation : a conceptual model and propositions

This paper presents a framework for the dyadic study of inter-firm innovation cooperation, beyond the boundaries of collaborative innovation projects. In order to understand how two firms can maximizethe performance of their relationship, we performed a literature review combined with interviews with practitioners. The result of this study is amodel associated with propositions on the interactions between its different elements, which are (i) the governance of the relationship, (ii) its performance, (iii) its level of development and (iv) the degree of innovation of the collaborative projects. This paper concludes by suggesting future researches and stating implications for managers.
VERTEX MODELS WITH ALTERNATING SPINS

The diagonalisation of the transfer matrices of solvable vertex models with alternating spins is given. The crystal structure of (semi-)inflnite tensor products of flnite dimensional Uq(b sl2) crystals with alternating dimensions is determined. Upon this basis the vertex models are formulated and then solved by means of Uq(b sl2) intertwiners.
Contemplating systematic software reuse in a project-centric company

Systematic software reuse is still the most promising strategy for increasing productivity and improving quality in the software industry. Although it is simple in concept, successful software reuse implementation is difficult in practice. A reason put forward for this is the dependence of software reuse on the context in which it is implemented. This paper describes an interpretive case study aimed at investigating the potential for the implementation of systematic software reuse in a project-centric company. The study confirmed the need for systematic software reuse and identified the reuse issues that could present challenges. The study also revealed a number of problems relating to the project-centric structure for which systematic reuse provides potential solutions.
Blind equalization in the cepstral domain for robust telephone based speech recognition

An adaptive filter in a blind equalization scheme has recently been proposed to reduce telephone line effects for speech recognizers. The implementation of the blind equalization scheme using a circular-convolution frequency domain adaptive filter has been described in a previous paper. This paper presents a new implementation of this blind equalization scheme in the cepstral domain. The property of a constant long-term cepstrum of speech helps to compute the gradient used for adapting the weights. The performances of the spectral domain and the cepstral domain implementations are then compared. These filters prove to be efficient for the channel equalization task. Furthermore, speech recognition experiments show that the cepstral domain on-line adaptive filter outperforms the cepstral trajectories high-pass filter (on-line approach). This technique offers almost the same performance as the conventional cepstral substraction technique (off-line approach).
‘The Supposed Paradise of Pen and Ink’: Self-education and Social Mobility in the London Public Library (1880–1930)

ABSTRACT Borrowing from prosopography, collective biography, sociology and genealogy, this article describes the ‘bookish’ workplace experiences of 90 chief and deputy public librarians to revisit debates around the upwardly mobile metropolitan lower middle class in the long nineteenth century. It finds that the border between the manual and white-collar classes was more easily (and enduringly) breached than previously supposed. It also suggests that those moving from the former group to the latter retained elements of their ‘working class’ origins and character across the late-Victorian period. These discoveries complicate historical assessments of the lower middles, but support sociological surveys that propose more fluid and open class borders from the mid-nineteenth century.
Association Between PM10 and O3 Levels and Hospital Visits for Cardiovascular Diseases in Bangkok, Thailand

Background The association between air pollution and cardiovascular diseases is well known, but previous studies only assessed mortality and hospital admissions in North America, Europe, and Northeast Asia. Few studies have been conducted in less-developed countries in regions with a tropical climate. This study evaluated whether short-term exposures to fine particulate matter (PM10) and ozone (O3) were associated with hospital visits for cardiovascular diseases (CVD; ICD-10th, I00–I99) in central Bangkok, Thailand. Methods Data from hospital records were obtained from 3 major government hospitals. All hospital visits were stratified by age group and category of CVD. Daily PM10 and O3 levels reported by the Pollution Control Department from April 2002 to December 2006 (1736 days) were used in a time-series analysis with a generalized additive model procedure. Results Exposure on the previous day to PM10 and O3 had a positive association with hospital visits for CVD among elderly (≥65 years) individuals. The increase in CVD hospital visits in this age group was 0.10% (95% CI, 0.03–0.19) with a 10 µg/m3 increase in PM10, and 0.50% (95% CI, 0.19–0.81) with an increase in O3. Conclusions In central Bangkok, a short-term association was observed between increases in daily levels of PM10 and O3 and the number of daily emergency hospital visits for CVD, particularly among individuals aged ≥65 years.
Semiotics in Information Systems Engineering

1. Introduction Part I. Semiotic Framework and Methods: 2. Understanding semiotics 3. A semiotic framework for information systems 4. A semiotic approach to information systems development 5. Knowledge representation and information analysis 6. Semantic analysis 7. Pragmatics and communication 8. The social layer: modelling organisations as information systems Part II. Applications: 9. From semiotic analysis to systems design 10. Semantic temporal databases 11. Normbase: a new approach to information management 12. Case study: development of a land resources information system 13. Case study: development of a test construction system Appendix A. Semantic templates and surrogate specification Appendix B. LEGOL applications in the CRIS case References Index.
Interneurons Produced in Adulthood Are Required for the Normal Functioning of the Olfactory Bulb Network and for the Execution of Selected Olfactory Behaviors

Olfactory bulb (OB) interneurons are continuously renewed throughout an animal's lifespan. Despite extensive investigation of this phenomenon, little is known about bulbar circuitry functioning and olfactory performances under conditions of ablated arrival of new neurons into the adult OB. To address this issue we performed morphological, electrophysiological, and behavioral analysis in mice with suppressed bulbar neurogenesis. Infusion of the antimitotic drug AraC to the lateral ventricle via 28 d osmotic minipumps abolished the arrival of newly born neurons into the adult OB without affecting the total number of granule cells. The number, dendritic arborization, and spine density of interneurons generated in adulthood, before pump installation, were also not affected by AraC treatment. As a result of ablated neurogenesis, mitral cells—the principal output neurons in the OB—receive fewer inhibitory synapses, display reduced frequency of spontaneous IPSCs, experience smaller dendrodendritic inhibition, and exhibit decreased synchronized activity. Consequently, short-term olfactory memory was drastically reduced in AraC-treated mice. In contrast, olfactory performances of AraC-treated animals were undistinguishable from those of control mice in other odor-associated tests, such as spontaneous odor discrimination and long-term odor-associative memory tasks. Altogether, our data highlight the importance of adult neurogenesis for the proper functioning of the OB network and imply that new bulbar interneurons are involved in some, but not all, odor-associated tasks.
Human Coding Synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms at Ramp Regions of mRNA Translation

According to the ramp model of mRNA translation, the first 50 codons favor rare codons and have slower speed of translation. This study aims to detect translational selection on coding synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (sSNP) to support the ramp theory. We investigated fourfold degenerate site (FFDS) sSNPs with A↔G or C↔T substitutions in human genome for distribution bias of synonymous codons (SC), grouped by CpG or non-CpG sites. Distribution bias of sSNPs between the 3rd ∼50th codons and the 51st ∼ remainder codons at non-CpG sites were observed. In the 3rd ∼50th codons, G→A sSNPs at non-CpG sites are favored than A→G sSNPs [P = 2.89×10−3], and C→T at non-CpG sites are favored than T→C sSNPs [P = 8.50×10−3]. The favored direction of SC usage change is from more frequent SCs to less frequent SCs. The distribution bias is more obvious in synonymous substitutions CG(G→A), AC(C→T), and CT(C→T). The distribution bias of sSNPs in human genome, i.e. frequent SCs to less frequent SCs is favored in the 3rd ∼50th codons, indicates translational selection on sSNPs in the ramp regions of mRNA templates.
Outcome after combined reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction, combining pre-hospital thrombolysis with immediate percutaneous coronary intervention and stent.

BACKGROUND Primary therapies in acute myocardial infarction (thrombolysis and angioplasty) have inherent limitations which may be overcome by combining them. So far, no trial has demonstrated a clinical benefit in combining mechanical and pharmacological treatment strategies. METHODS From January 1995 to December 1999, out of 1010 patients admitted to our institution for acute myocardial infarction, 148 had received pre-hospital full dose thrombolysis within 12 h of onset. One hundred and thirty-one patients were included and underwent immediate angioplasty and stenting when suitable, independent of the infarct-artery patency (TIMI grade flow 0-3). In-hospital outcome was assessed and clinical information was collected for a mean (+/-SD) of 2+/-1 years. RESULTS Ninety-minute angiography revealed a patent (TIMI grade 3) infarct artery in 65 patients (49%). Immediate angioplasty was performed in 119 patients (91%) with stent implantation in 114 (96%). Angioplasty achieved TIMI 2, 3 flow in 98%, and complete patency (TIMI 3 flow) in 92%. Six other patients underwent deferred revascularization (surgery in one patient, angioplasty in five) and six received medical treatment. Stent thrombosis and reinfarction occurred in three patients (2.3%). In-hospital death occurred in six patients (4.6%), including four patients presenting with cardiogenic shock. Major bleeding was observed in 2.3% of cases. No patient had emergency surgery. Freedom from death and reinfarction at 2 years was 90% and freedom from death, reinfarction and target vessel revascularization was 83%. CONCLUSION A strategy of combined reperfusion using full dose pre-hospital thrombolysis and immediate angioplasty with stent implantation in a non-selected acute myocardial infarction population is safe and achieves high and early patency rates. This preliminary experience suggests that a combined strategy in acute myocardial infarction may have a significant impact on both early and long-term outcomes.
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for the Treatment of Vocal Fold Scarring: A Systematic Review of Preclinical Studies

Objectives Therapy with mesenchymal stem cells exhibits potential for the development of novel interventions for many diseases and injuries. The use of mesenchymal stem cells in regenerative therapy for vocal fold scarring exhibited promising results to reduce stiffness and enhance the biomechanical properties of injured vocal folds. This study evaluated the biomechanical effects of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for the treatment of vocal fold scarring. Data Sources PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library and Google Scholar were searched. Methods Controlled studies that assessed the biomechanical effects of mesenchymal stem cell therapy for the treatment of vocal fold scarring were included. Primary outcomes were viscoelastic properties and mucosal wave amplitude. Results Seven preclinical animal studies (n = 152 single vocal folds) were eligible for inclusion. Evaluation of viscoelastic parameters revealed a decreased dynamic viscosity (η’) and elastic modulus (G’), i.e., decreased resistance and stiffness, in scarred vocal folds treated with mesenchymal stem cells compared to non-treated scarred vocal folds. Mucosal wave amplitude was increased in scarred vocal folds treated with mesenchymal stem cells vs. non-treated scarred vocal folds. Conclusion The results from these studies suggest an increased regenerative effect of therapy with mesenchymal stem cells for scarred vocal folds and are encouraging for further clinical studies.
Examining dorsal striatum in cognitive effort using Parkinson's disease and fMRI

Understanding cognition mediated by the striatum can clarify cognitive deficits in Parkinson's disease (PD). Previously, we claimed that dorsal striatum (DS) mediates cognitive flexibility. To refute the possibility that variation in cognitive effort confounded our observations, we reexamined our data to dissociate cognitive flexibility from effort. PD provides a model for exploring DS‐mediated functions. In PD, dopamine‐producing cells supplying DS are significantly degenerated. DS‐mediated functions are impaired off and improved on dopamine replacement medication. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) can confirm striatum‐mediated functions.
New Governance in the Teeth of Human Frailty: Lessons from Financial Regulation

New Governance scholarship has made important theoretical and practical contributions to a broad range of regulatory arenas, including securities and financial markets regulation. In the wake of the global financial crisis, question about the scope of possibilities for this scholarship are more pressing than ever. Is new governance a full-blown alternative to existing legal structures, or is it a useful complement? Are there essential preconditions to making it work, or can a new governance strategy improve any decision making structure? If there are essential preconditions, what are they? Is new governance “modular” – that is, does it still confer benefits when applied partially or imperfectly, or does it fail to achieve good regulatory results unless all the elements are in place? This article starts from the conviction that new governance is a promising response to the fluidity and complexity of contemporary regulatory environments. It then draws on three essentially unhappy narratives from recent financial markets regulation (around securities law enforcement, capital adequacy, and the impact of securitization), in an attempt to identify lessons for new governance scholarship at the level of practical implementation. These are not narratives about the failure of new governance structures. However, central to each narrative are components, or incomplete versions of components, that are also central to new governance structures. The paper considers the significance of incrementalism, regulatory capacity, and destabilization and complexity for regulatory design. It closes with some preliminary recommendations for making new governance structures effective, even as implemented by flawed human actors.
The Calyx of Held Develops Adult-Like Dynamics and Reliability by Hearing Onset in the Mouse In Vivo

The development of the auditory system has received increasing attention since the mechanisms of patterned, spontaneous activity in prehearing mammals were discovered. This early activity originates in the cochlea and is assumed to be of importance for the establishment and refinement of synaptic connections in the auditory system. In the present study we investigate synaptic transmission and its interplay with spontaneous discharges in the developing auditory system. We used the calyx of Held as a model system, where this question can be investigated in vivo over a broad range of ages [postnatal day 8 (P8)–P28]. To precisely quantify the timing and reliability of synaptic transmission, we developed a novel fitting approach which decomposes the extracellularly recorded signal into its presynaptic and postsynaptic components. In prehearing mice, we found signal transmission to be unreliable, with high variability in the transmission delay and in the amplitude of postsynaptic components. These timing and amplitude changes were strongly correlated with the preceding activity. Around hearing onset (P12–P14), the properties of signal transmission converged to the adult-like state which was characterized by high transmission reliability as well as high consistency in timing and amplitude. Although activity-dependent depression was still found in action potentials, EPSP depression no longer played a prominent role. In conclusion, the maturation of synaptic transmission at the calyx of Held seems to be precisely timed to achieve its adult potential by the time acoustically evoked signal processing commences.
Can stretch sensors measure knee range of motion in healthy adults?

Abstract Study aim: There are currently limited methods available to access dynamic knee range of motion (ROM) during free-living activities. This type of method would be valuable for monitoring and progressing knee rehabilitation. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the functioning of stretch sensors for the measurement of knee ROM and to assess the level of the measurement error. Material and methods: Nine healthy participants were included in the study. Three stretch sensors (StretchSense™, Auckland, NZ) were attached on the participants’ right knees by Kinesiotape®. A Cybex dynamometer was used to standardise movement speed of the knee joint. Data was recorded through the StretchSense™ BLE application. Knee angles were obtained from the video clips recorded during the testing and were analysed by MaxTraq® 2D motion analysis software. The knee angles were then synchronised with the sensor capacitance through R programme. Results: Seven out of the nine participants presented with high coefficient of determination (R2) (>0.98) and low root mean square error (RMSE) (<5°) between the sensor capacitance and knee angle. Two participants did not confirm good relationship between capacitance and knee angle as they presented high RMSE (>5°). The equations generated from these 7 participants’ data were used individually to predict knee angles. Conclusions: The stretch sensors can be used to measure knee ROM in healthy adults during a passive, non-weight-bearing movement with a clinically acceptable level of error. Further research is needed to establish the validity and reliability of the methodology under different conditions before considered within a clinical setting.
The cytosolic exonuclease TREX1 inhibits the innate immune response to human immunodeficiency virus type 1

1005 Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) introduces its single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) genome into a cell in the reverse-transcription complex, which matures into the preintegration complex. This complex delivers reverse-transcribed HIV DNA to the nucleus for chromosomal integration. Few copies of HIV DNA integrate, leaving behind HIV DNA in the cytosol to be cleared by host enzymes. Although nucleic acids in the reverse-transcription complex might be shielded from nucleic acid sensors, viral DNA in the preintegration complex is accessible to exogenous endonucleases1 and thus is potentially accessible to cytosolic sensors of innate immunity. The endoplasmic reticulum–associated SET complex, which contains three DNases (APE1, NM23-H1 and TREX1) and other proteins (SET, pp32 and HMGB2), binds to the HIV preintegration complex and protects the integrase-activated DNA ends from self attack in suicidal autointegration2. Suppressing the expression of any gene encoding a molecule of the SET complex increases autointegration and interferes with chromosomal integration. TREX1 is the most abundant 3′-5′ DNase in cells2. Treatment with TREX1-specific small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhibits HIV replication more profoundly than do siRNAs specific for other SET complex components, decreasing viral production by a log2. TREX1 mutations are associated with inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, including Aicardi-Goutieres syndrome, chilblain lupus, and systemic lupus erythematosus, some of which have more type I interferon3–5. TREX1 binds to transfected immunostimulatory DNA, and Trex1−/− cells accumulate cytoplasmic DNA derived from endogenous retroelements, which activates interferon expression dependent on interferon-regulatory factor 3 (IRF3)6–8. Like HIV, endogenous retroelements undergo cytoplasmic reverse transcription. We therefore investigated whether HIV might use TREX1 to avoid triggering antiviral innate immunity.
Predicting, diagnosing and improving automatic language identification performance

Language-identification (LID) techniques that use multiple single-language phoneme recognizers followed by n-gram language models have consistently yielded top performance at NIST evaluations. In our study of such systems, we have recently cut our LID error rate by modeling the output of n-gram language models more carefully. Additionally, we are now able to produce meaningful confidence scores along with our LID hypotheses. Finally, we have developed some diagnostic measures that can predict performance of our LID algorithms.
Neuropeptide S facilitates cue-induced relapse to cocaine seeking through activation of the hypothalamic hypocretin system

Drug addiction is a chronic relapsing disorder characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use. Environmental conditioning factors are among the major determinants of relapse in abstinent cocaine users. Here we describe a role of the neuropeptide S (NPS) system in regulating relapse. In rats with a history of cocaine self-administration, presentation of stimuli predictive of drug availability reinstates drug seeking, triggering relapse. Intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of NPS increased conditioned reinstatement of cocaine seeking, whereas peripheral administration of the NPS receptor antagonist SHA 68 reduced it. Manipulation of the NPS receptor system did not modify cocaine self-administration. We also found that ICV NPS administration activates c-Fos expression in hypocretin-1/orexin-A (Hcrt-1/Ox-A) immunoreactive neurons in the lateral hypothalamus (LH) and in the perifornical area (PeF). Of note, intra-LH and intra-PeF administration of NPS increased conditioned reinstatement of cocaine responding, an effect that was selectively blocked with the Hcrt-1/Ox-A receptor selective antagonist SB334867. Finally, results showed that intra-LH injection of the NPS antagonist [D-Cys(tBu) (5)]NPS blocked cue-induced cocaine seeking, indicating a role for this system in the pathophysiology of drug relapse.