Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neurobiological Foundations of Acupuncture: The Relevance and Future Prospect Based on Neuroimaging Evidence

Acupuncture is currently gaining popularity as an important modality of alternative and complementary medicine in the western world. Modern neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging, positron emission tomography, and magnetoencephalography open a window into the neurobiological foundations of acupuncture. In this review, we have summarized evidence derived from neuroimaging studies and tried to elucidate both neurophysiological correlates and key experimental factors involving acupuncture. Converging evidence focusing on acute effects of acupuncture has revealed significant modulatory activities at widespread cerebrocerebellar brain regions. Given the delayed effect of acupuncture, block-designed analysis may produce bias, and acupuncture shared a common feature that identified voxels that coded the temporal dimension for which multiple levels of their dynamic activities in concert cause the processing of acupuncture. Expectation in acupuncture treatment has a physiological effect on the brain network, which may be heterogeneous from acupuncture mechanism. “Deqi” response, bearing clinical relevance and association with distinct nerve fibers, has the specific neurophysiology foundation reflected by neural responses to acupuncture stimuli. The type of sham treatment chosen is dependent on the research question asked and the type of acupuncture treatment to be tested. Due to the complexities of the therapeutic mechanisms of acupuncture, using multiple controls is an optimal choice.
Generating Sentiment Lexicons for German Twitter

Despite a substantial progress made in developing new sentiment lexicon generation (SLG) methods for English, the task of transferring these approaches to other languages and domains in a sound way still remains open. In this paper, we contribute to the solution of this problem by systematically comparing semi-automatic translations of common English polarity lists with the results of the original automatic SLG algorithms, which were applied directly to German data. We evaluate these lexicons on a corpus of 7,992 manually annotated tweets. In addition to that, we also collate the results of dictionary- and corpus-based SLG methods in order to find out which of these paradigms is better suited for the inherently noisy domain of social media. Our experiments show that semi-automatic translations notably outperform automatic systems (reaching a macro-averaged F1-score of 0.589), and that dictionary-based techniques produce much better polarity lists as compared to corpus-based approaches (whose best F1-scores run up to 0.479 and 0.419 respectively) even for the non-standard Twitter genre.
Ambulatory Mental Health Services Utilization in Three Provider Plans

This article examines the use of mental health services in three insurance plans: Blue Cross (BC), a health maintenance organization (HMO), and an independent practice association (IPA) in which the primary care physician was to manage all care for an individual. Approximately 7.3% of the enrollees in all three plans used some mental health care in the 18-month study period. The percent of enrollees with mental health utilization was lower in BC than in the other two plans, but the total quantity of mental health care use per enrollee and per user was much higher in BC than in the HMO and the IPA. Use was highest in the 19-44-year-old age group, and there were no significant differences between men and women in use of mental health services. There were substantial differences by race in all three plans: white persons were more likely to use any mental health care and had more visits than nonwhite persons after seeking mental health use. A similar study was conducted in the early 1970s on a poverty-level population enrolled in BC and die HMO. The findings of this study are similar, except that in the low-income study mental health care use was lower, and males used-less mental health care than females. These differences might be attributable to the difference in enrollees' socioeconomic status in the two studies or to the increasing acceptability of mental health care utilization, particularly formales.
Numerical simulation of falling/heavy weight deflectometer test considering linear viscoelastic behaviour in bituminous layers and inertia effects

Falling (or Heavy) Weight Deflectometer (F/HWD) is a widely used non-destructive device for pavement evaluation. The falling mass system of this device can generate a load representative of a wheel. Deflections are monitored by geophones at several distances from the loading centre. Interpretation of F/HWD deflections is classically done using a static elastic method. However, the F/HWD test is clearly dynamic and the mechanical behaviour of bituminous materials is most likely linear viscoelastic at the temperature and strain conditions of the test. This paper aims at exploring the differences due to the consideration of dynamic and viscoelastic effects of the pavement structure in the numerical simulation of the F/HWD test. Deflections of an existing pavement structure were numerically simulated through a time-domain finite element method. Four numerical simulations are proposed: static elastic, dynamic elastic, static viscoelastic and dynamic viscoelastic. This study shows that dynamic and viscoelastic effects significantly affect time-history and peak values of simulated deflections.
BK virus sequences in specimens from aborted fetuses

Given the conflicting results of the few published studies, the aim of this retrospective molecular‐based study of 10 aborted fetuses that underwent complete autopsy and 10 placentas was carried out to determine whether BK polyomavirus (BKV) can be transmitted transplacentally. The interruption of pregnancy was due to a miscarriage (five cases) or a prenatal diagnosis of severe intrauterine malformations (five cases). Samples from the brain, heart, lung, thymus, liver, and kidney were taken from each fetus, and two samples were obtained from all of the placentas. The presence of BKV was investigated by means of PCR using primers specific for the transcription control region (TCR) and viral capsidic protein 1 (VP1) and DNA extracted from formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded tissue. BKV genome was detected in 22 of 60 samples (36.6%) from seven fetuses (70%), regardless of the cause of abortion: VP1 was amplified in 12 samples (54%), TCR in seven (32%), and both in three (14%). VP1 was also detected in one placental sample. BKV sequences were most frequently detected in heart and lung (five cases), but sequence analyses of TCR and VP1 revealed a high degree of genomic variability among the samples taken from different organs and the placenta. These results indicate that BKV can cross the placenta during pregnancy and become latent in fetal organs other than the kidney and brain (previously considered the main targets of BKV latency). This may happen in early pregnancy and does not seem to be associated with an increased risk of abortion. J. Med. Virol. 82:2127–2132, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
How Psychological Stress Affects Emotional Prosody

We explored how experimentally induced psychological stress affects the production and recognition of vocal emotions. In Study 1a, we demonstrate that sentences spoken by stressed speakers are judged by naïve listeners as sounding more stressed than sentences uttered by non-stressed speakers. In Study 1b, negative emotions produced by stressed speakers are generally less well recognized than the same emotions produced by non-stressed speakers. Multiple mediation analyses suggest this poorer recognition of negative stimuli was due to a mismatch between the variation of volume voiced by speakers and the range of volume expected by listeners. Together, this suggests that the stress level of the speaker affects judgments made by the receiver. In Study 2, we demonstrate that participants who were induced with a feeling of stress before carrying out an emotional prosody recognition task performed worse than non-stressed participants. Overall, findings suggest detrimental effects of induced stress on interpersonal sensitivity.
The mass and temperature distribution in the protoplanetary nebula M 1-92: ^13^CO interferometric observations.

We present high-resolution 13CO J=1–0 maps of the protoplanetary nebula M 1-92, Minkowski’s Footprint, obtained with the IRAM interferometer at Plateau de Bure. Previous 12CO J=1–0 maps and single dish observations of the J=1–0, J=2–1, and J=3–2 transitions in both isotopic substitutions are also discussed. The cartography confirms the axial symmetry and complex structure already found from 12CO data. The gas velocity presents a dominant axial component that increases in absolute value from the center, up to a (deprojected) velocity of 70 km s−1. Most of the observed emission is at velocities clearly above the expected AGB expansion kinematics. This fact, together with a remarkable continuity found along the axis in the structure and velocity of the nebula, is interpreted as showing that the present CO nebula has been shaped by momentum transport from the fast post-AGB flow to the rest of the (AGB) envelope, probably by means of a bow-like shock. The comparison of the different transitions is used to deduce the physical conditions in the molecular gas. Most of the observed (post-shock) material is found to have a low temperature of about 15 K, indicating that the cooling processes are efficient after the passage of the shock. Typical densities of 3 104 – 2 105 cm−3 are deduced, corresponding to a total gas mass of about 1 M . This high value shows that most of the nebular material is molecular and probed by the CO observations. Therefore, our maps effectively represent the disruption of the AGB envelope by the passage of a shock, allowing a description of the physical conditions present in the nebula during this evolutionary phase.
A combined experimental and theoretical charge density study of the chemical bonding and magnetism in 3-amino-propanolato Cu(II) complexes containing weakly coordinated anions.

The experimental (100 K) and theoretical charge densities in the binuclear complexes [Cu2(ap)2(L)2] (ap = 3-aminopropanolate) 1 (L = nitrite), 2 (L = nitrate), and 3 (L = formate) have been examined. These complexes contain the same centrosymmetric alkoxy-bridged motif, where each strongly Jahn-Teller distorted Cu(II) ion is ligated to three O atoms and one N atom in a square-planar arrangement. This primary coordination sphere is augmented by a long contact with the O atom of a pendant L anion from an adjacent molecule in the crystal lattice. Topological analyses of the experimental and theoretical densities according to the quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM) are in excellent agreement. Consideration of a number of topological indicators including rho(r), vector differential(2)rho(r), the delocalization indices delta(A,B), and the contour integral(A intersection B) rho(r) of the density over the zero flux surface shared by the two atoms confirms that the Cu-O and Cu-N bonding in the primary coordination sphere has a strong covalent component, but the weak Cu.O interactions are primarily electrostatic in nature. In this first investigation of the source function in a coordination complex, it is shown to provide an insight into the differing electrostatic and covalent contributions to the chemical bonds. The two Cu(II) centers are strongly antiferromagnetically coupled, but the topological analyses indicates the lack of any direct Cu.Cu interaction. The molecular graph suggests an exchange pathway via the bridging O-atoms, thus providing experimental support of the classical superexchange mechanism. Periodic DFT calculations on 2 and 3 show that the intradimer coupling proceeds via spin-delocalization and provide values of the magnetic coupling constants -2 J of 324.5 and 244.8 cm(-1), respectively, which compare well with the previously determined experimental values.
Specialized service use for psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders by age 14 in Finland.

OBJECTIVE Most studies on the diagnostic patterns of usage of specialized services for childhood psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders have been cross-sectional, and the aim of this study was to provide longitudinal data. METHODS The Medical Birth Register and the Finnish Hospital Discharge Register were used to study the use of inpatient or public outpatient specialized services for psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders between birth and age 14 in 2010 (cumulative incidence) and in year 2010 at age 14 (one-year prevalence) among Finnish children born in 1996 (N=58,538 singleton live births). RESULTS The cumulative incidence of specialized service use for any psychiatric or neurodevelopmental disorders between birth and age 14 was 12.9%, and the one-year prevalence in 2010 at 14 years was 4.2%. The cumulative incidence by age 14 was 5.5% for learning and coordination disorders, 2.2% for anxiety disorders, 2.0% for hyperkinetic disorders, 1.7% for conduct disorders, 1.4% for depression, 1.0% for autism spectrum disorders, and . 7% for stress and adjustment disorders. Learning and coordination, hyperkinetic, and autism spectrum disorders were more prevalent among boys, were often diagnosed before school age, and had 9%-51% lifetime comorbidity with each other. Depressive, anxiety, and stress and adjustment disorders had similar distributions between the sexes, were often diagnosed in early adolescence, and showed 8%-31% lifetime comorbidity with each other. CONCLUSIONS Every eighth Finnish child had visited specialized services for psychiatric or neurodevelopmental disorders sometime between birth and age 14. Learning and coordination disorders were diagnosed more than twice as often as anxiety, hyperkinetic, and conduct disorders.
mClock: Handling Throughput Variability for Hypervisor IO Scheduling

Virtualized servers run a diverse set of virtual machines (VMs), ranging from interactive desktops to test and development environments and even batch workloads. Hypervisors are responsible for multiplexing the underlying hardware resources among VMs while providing them the desired degree of isolation using resource management controls. Existing methods provide many knobs for allocating CPU and memory to VMs, but support for control of IO resource allocation has been quite limited. IO resource management in a hypervisor introduces significant new challenges and needs more extensive controls than in commodity operating systems. This paper introduces a novel algorithm for IO resource allocation in a hypervisor. Our algorithm, mClock, supports proportional-share fairness subject to minimum reservations and maximum limits on the IO allocations for VMs. We present the design of mClock and a prototype implementation inside the VMware ESX server hypervisor. Our results indicate that these rich QoS controls are quite effective in isolating VM performance and providing better application latency. We also show an adaptation of mClock (called dmClock) for a distributed storage environment, where storage is jointly provided by multiple nodes.
Congenital Microphthalmia, Anophthalmia and Coloboma among Live Births in Denmark

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aims to quantify the occurrence of the congenital eye malformations anophthalmia (AO), microphthalmia (MO) and coloboma among liveborn infants in Denmark, and to estimate the rate of chromosomal abnormalities in this group of patients. Methods: A cohort of patients born in 1995–2012 with diagnoses of MO/AO or coloboma was identified from the Danish National Patient Registry (DNPR), and their ocular and extra-ocular diagnoses were reviewed. In order to assess the occurrence of chromosomal abnormalities in the cohort, the data were cross-referenced with the Danish Cytogenetic Central Registry (DCCR). Results: We identified 415 patients with MO/AO/coloboma in the DNPR. The total number of live births from 1995–2012 was 1,174,299, and the average birth prevalence of MO/AO/coloboma was 3.6/10,000 live births and of MO/AO was 1.2/10,000 live births. Extra-ocular abnormalities were observed in 32.1% of MO/AO cases and 21.7% of coloboma cases. Chromosome analysis was performed in 36.1% of the cohort, and 14.7% of cases had an abnormal karyotype. In 8.7% of the cohort, a chromosome microarray analysis was performed, and in 44.4% of cases, a possibly pathogenic copy number variation was observed. Conclusion: The birth prevalence of MO/AO/coloboma in Denmark has been steady at 3.6/10,000 live births during the last 17 years. The rate of syndromic cases was lower compared to other studies. A relatively high rate of pathogenic chromosomal aberrations was observed, suggesting an important role for cytogenetic analysis in this group of patients.
Coordinate expression and functional profiling identify an extracellular proteolytic signaling pathway

A multidisciplinary method combining transcriptional data, specificity profiling, and biological characterization of an enzyme may be used to predict novel substrates. By integrating protease substrate profiling with microarray gene coexpression data from nearly 2,000 human normal and cancerous tissue samples, three fundamental components of a protease-activated signaling pathway were identified. We find that MT-SP1 mediates extracellular signaling by regulating the local activation of the prometastatic growth factor MSP-1. We demonstrate MT-SP1 expression in peritoneal macrophages, and biochemical methods confirm the ability of MT-SP1 to cleave and activate pro-MSP-1 in vitro and in a cellular context. MT-SP1 induced the ability of MSP-1 to inhibit nitric oxide production in bone marrow macrophages. Addition of HAI-1 or an MT-SP1-specific antibody inhibitor blocked the proteolytic activation of MSP-1 at the cell surface of peritoneal macrophages. Taken together, our work indicates that MT-SP1 is sufficient for MSP-1 activation and that MT-SP1, MSP-1, and the previously shown MSP-1 tyrosine kinase receptor RON are required for peritoneal macrophage activation. This work shows that this triad of growth factor, growth factor activator protease, and growth factor receptor is a protease-activated signaling pathway. Individually, MT-SP1 and RON overexpression have been implicated in cancer progression and metastasis. Transcriptional coexpression of these genes suggests that this signaling pathway may be involved in several human cancers.
Use of application characteristics and limited preemption for run-to-completion parallel processor scheduling policies

The performance potential of run-to-completion (RTC) parallel processor scheduling policies is investigated by examining whether (1) application execution rate characteristics such as average parallelism (avg) and processor working set (PWS) and/or (2) limited preemption can be used to improve the performance of these policies. We address the first question by comparing policies (previous as well as new) that differ only in whether or not they use execution rate characteristics and by examining a wider range of the workload parameter space than previous studies. We address the second question by comparing a simple two-level queueing policy with RTC scheduling in the second level queue against RTC policies that don't allow any preemption and against dynamic equiallocation(EQ). Using simulation to estimate mean response times we find that for promising RTC policies such as adaptive static partitioning (ASP) and shortest demand first (SDF), a maximum allocation constraint that is for all practical purposes independent of avg and pws provides greater and more consistent improvement in policy performance than using avg or pws. Also, under the assumption that job demand information is unavailable to the scheduler we show that the ASP-max policy outperforms all previous high performance RTC policies for workloads with coefficient of variation in processing requirement greater than one. Furthermore, a two-level queue that allows at most one preemption per job outperforms ASP-max but is not competitive with EQ.
Highly π‐Extended Copolymers with Diketopyrrolopyrrole Moieties for High‐Performance Field‐Effect Transistors

Two donor-acceptor (D-A) copolymer PDVTs based on diketopyrrolopyrole and (E)-2-(2-(thiophen-2-yl)vinyl)thiophene (TVT) units are synthesized for solution-processed field-effect transistors (FETs). The highly π-extended TVT units strengthen the coplanarity of the polymer backbone. FETs based on PDVTs show high mobilities above 2.0 cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) with a current on/off ratio of 10(5)-10(7) , high shelf storage, and operation stability.
Differences in plasma and sputum biomarkers between COPD and COPD–asthma overlap

The pathophysiological features of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)–asthma overlap are poorly understood and there has been no study of plasma or sputum biomarkers in overlap patients. In order to clarify the similarity and differences between overlap and COPD or asthma, we have investigated four potential biomarkers of COPD: surfactant protein A (SP-A), soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE), myeloperoxidase (MPO) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL). SP-A and sRAGE are pneumocyte-derived markers. MPO and NGAL are neutrophil-derived molecules, but NGAL can also be expressed by respiratory epithelial cells. Plasma levels of SP-A and sRAGE and induced sputum levels of MPO and NGAL were measured by enzyme immunoassay/ELISA in 134 subjects: nonsmokers (n=26), smokers (n=23), asthma (n=32), COPD (n=39) and COPD–asthma overlap patients (n=14). In patients with COPD–asthma overlap, sputum MPO and plasma SP-A were significantly elevated whereas plasma sRAGE levels were reduced compared with asthma patients. Only sputum NGAL was significantly elevated in COPD–asthma overlap compared with COPD (p=0.00016) and could be used to differentiate patients with overlap from those with COPD. Increased induced sputum levels of NGAL might be a characteristic feature of overlap, suggesting enhanced neutrophilic airway inflammation and/or airway epithelial injury in COPD–asthma overlap. Increased sputum levels of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in COPD–asthma overlap versus COPD/asthma patients http://ow.ly/qxC8X
Detection of JC Virus Type 1 in Peripheral Lymphocytes, Brain and Cerebrospinal Fluid from Two Korean AIDS Patients with Progressive Multifocal Leukoencephalopathy

The human polyomavirus JC virus (JCV) is the etiologic agent of the fatal demyelinating central nervous system disease progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), which occurs in 4–7% of AIDS patients. Two Korean AIDS patients with PML were assayed for JCV, and the virus was genotyped by polymerase chain reaction, DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Using immunohistochemical analysis, we also examined the distribution of JCV antigen in the brains of the patients. The JCV genome was detected in peripheral lymphocytes, brain and cerebrospinal fluid from these Korean PML patients. Although type 2 is the most common genotype in Asia, the genotype of the JCV in these two AIDS patients was characterized as type 1, which is of European origin. We found that JCV antigen was selectively detected in oligodendrocytes and astrocytes of the brains from these patients. Compared to the prototype type 1 (Mad-1), two different nucleotides (G→C) in the KOR-1 strain identified here were found at positions 2488 and 2490 of the major capsid protein VP1 gene. In summary, this is the first report of PML in Korean AIDS patients; it is also the first isolation of JCV type 1 in PML in East Asians.