Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physical Dating Violence Among College Students in Chile

Dating violence is a serious public health concern both per se and because victimization in the young adult years can be a precursor to more severe incidents of domestic violence later, in the context of cohabitation or marriage. To date, no quantitative studies have examined dating violence among college students in Chile. To address this gap, a survey on this topic was administered to students at a major public university. The present analyses focused on the female sample (n=441). Generalized ordered logit models were used to assess factors associated with physical victimization since age 14, considering three categories: no victimization, victimization with no injury, and victimization with injury. Approximately 21% of subjects reported one or more incidents of physical dating violence not involving injury since age 14, and another 5.0% reported at least one incident resulting in injury during this time period. The corresponding figures for the past 12 months were 12.9% and 2.4%, respectively. Childhood sexual abuse and witnessing domestic violence as a child were associated with substantially elevated odds of physical victimization later in life. Low parental education was also associated with higher vulnerability, in part because of its linkage with childhood experiences with aggression. Protective factors included maternal employment and religious service participation at age 14, residence in the parental home during the college years, and never having had sexual intercourse. The findings suggest that it would be desirable to develop public health initiatives to prevent and respond to this form of violence among Chilean college students.
Developing patterns of parenting in two cultural communities

This paper is aimed at analyzing verbal and nonverbal strategies in terms of body contact, face-to-face contact, and discourse style during the first three months of life in two cultural communities that have been characterized as embodying different cultural models of parenting: German middle-class, and Nso farmer families. It can be demonstrated that the Nso mothers have significantly higher rates of body contact during the assessments of free-play interactions during the first 12 weeks than the German women. The German women on the other hand demonstrate the expected increase of face-to-face contact, whereas the Nso women demonstrate a significantly lower and stable pattern of face-to-face contact over the assessments. The German mothers use an agentic discourse style, whereas the Nso mothers use a relational discourse style. Moreover, body contact and a relational discourse style form one parenting strategy, whereas face-to-face contact and the agentic discourse style form another parenting strategy. The results demonstrate culture-specific parenting strategies that not only differ with respect to the amount of behaviors expressed, but also the developmental course of particular behaviors. It is also evident that socialization strategies are expressed in different behavioral channels. The role of sociodemographic variables is particularly discussed with respect to their impact for defining sociocultural environments.
MRI of the knee ligaments and menisci: comparison of isotropic-resolution 3D and conventional 2D fast spin-echo sequences at 3 T.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of sampling perfection with application-optimized contrasts using different flip-angle evolutions (SPACE) 3D fast spin-echo acquisition relative to conventional 2D fast spin-echo acquisition in the 3-T MRI evaluation of the menisci and ligaments of the knee. MATERIALS AND METHODS Images from all MRI knee examinations performed with a single 3-T system from September 2008 to January 2009 were reviewed. Seventy-one examinations of patients who subsequently underwent knee arthroscopy and an additional 29 examinations of patients who did not undergo surgery were selected for a total of 100 examinations. All imaging was performed with multiplanar conventional 2D and SPACE 3D fast spin-echo acquisitions. Six musculoskeletal radiologists independently reviewed the images. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was calculated for the menisci and anterior cruciate ligament with arthroscopy as the reference standard. Disagreement between the two acquisitions was calculated for the posterior cruciate ligament and medial and lateral collateral ligaments. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare each reader's confidence scores for the two techniques. RESULTS For the medial meniscus, the average area under the ROC curve was statistically significantly larger (p = 0.01) with the conventional 2D (0.931) than with the SPACE 3D (0.893) technique. Average confidence in diagnosing medial meniscal tears also was statistically significantly greater with the 2D than with the 3D technique (p = 0.001). No statistically significant differences were found for the lateral meniscus or anterior cruciate ligament. The rate of discordance between findings with the 2D and 3D techniques was low for the posterior cruciate ligament and medial and lateral collateral ligaments (range, 4.2-5.7%). CONCLUSION In evaluation of menisci with 3-T MRI, readers performed better with conventional 2D acquisition than with SPACE 3D acquisition. In evaluation of ligaments, the readers had similar performance with the two acquisition methods.
Developing the scholarship of teaching: what is the role of e-teaching and learning?

Discourse about the scholarship of teaching and learning appears to represent some views about higher education more than others. For example, disciplinary perspectives have been acknowledged, and ideas from critical theory and phenomenography have been presented, with the role of reflection receiving considerable attention. While approaches to e-teaching have been examined as examples of scholarship, there has been limited exploration of whether e-learning discourse has potential to extend the concept of scholarship. In this paper we ask: Can ideas about e-learning add to current understandings about the nature of the scholarship of teaching and learning? If so, what additional perspectives might they add? We begin by reviewing some conceptual and contextual dimensions of the scholarship of teaching and learning, before exploring the role that understandings from e-teaching and e-learning might play in developing the concept of scholarship. We use an academic professional development programme from our institution as an illustration.
Hippocampal Long-Term Potentiation Is Disrupted during Expression and Extinction But Is Restored after Reinstatement of Morphine Place Preference

Learned associations between environmental cues and morphine use play an important role in the maintenance and/or relapse of opioid addiction. Although previous studies suggest that context-dependent morphine treatment alters glutamatergic transmission and synaptic plasticity in the hippocampus, their role in morphine conditioned place preference (CPP) and reinstatement remains unknown. We investigated changes in synaptic plasticity and NMDAR expression in the hippocampus after the expression, extinction, and reinstatement of morphine CPP. Here we report that morphine CPP is associated with increased basal synaptic transmission, impaired hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), and increased synaptic expression of the NR1 and NR2b NMDAR subunits. Changes in synaptic plasticity, synaptic NR1 and NR2b expression, and morphine CPP were absent when morphine was not paired with a specific context. Furthermore, hippocampal LTP was impaired and synaptic NR2b expression was increased after extinction of morphine CPP, indicating that these alterations in plasticity may be involved in the mechanisms underlying the learning of drug–environment associations. After extinction of morphine CPP, a priming dose of morphine was sufficient to reinstate morphine CPP and was associated with LTP that was indistinguishable from saline control groups. In contrast, morphine CPP extinguished mice that received a saline priming dose did not show CPP and had disrupted hippocampal LTP. Finally, we found that reinstatement of morphine CPP was prevented by the selective blockade of the NR2b subunit in the hippocampus. Together, these data suggest that alterations in synaptic plasticity and glutamatergic transmission play an important role in the reinstatement of morphine CPP.
High‐Density Lipoprotein Aggregated by Oxidation Induces Degeneration of Neuronal Cells

Abstract: We have previously reported that high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) exhibits antineuritogenic effects on chicken cerebral cells in culture. In the present study, we show the effects of HDLs, oxidized by UV irradiation or heating, on chicken cerebral neurons in culture. Both treatments produced several physical and chemical changes in the HDLs, i.e., formation of lipid peroxides, enlargement of HDL diameters, an increased exposure of the tryptophan groups of the apolipoprotein A‐I to a more hydrophilic environment, formation of bityrosines, and cross‐linking of apolipoprotein A‐I. When these treatments were performed in the absence of EDTA, most of the modifications described above were more intense and HDLs formed a macroaggregate that displays a rosette‐like structure. The aggregated HDLs produced neurodegeneration and death when added to both undifferentiated and differentiated cerebral neurons in culture. This process was accompanied by the disorganization of the cellular microtubular cytoskeleton and hyperphosphorylation of the microtubule‐associated protein tau. Native HDL or HDLs treated in the presence of EDTA inhibited the neuritogenesis of undifferentiated neurons but did not show any significant effect on the differentiated neurons in culture. The effects on the cellular cytoskeleton and morphology of aggregated HDLs recall those of the fibrillar β‐amyloid peptide. The present results suggest that aggregated HDLs could participate in neurodegeneration associated with oxidative stress in the CNS.
A review of conceptual and measurement issues and a way forward

Griliches’ seminal contribution on “Output measurement in the service sectors” (1992) is now more than twenty years old. The aim of this paper is to review and systematise the scholarship that has been produced since, to identify any step forward in the conceptualisation of service output, the measurement of service productivity and the account of technical change in affecting productivity in services that might have occurred. An agenda for both innovation and service scholars is proposed.
Genetic Basis of Ureterocele

Congenital anomalies of the kidney and urinary tract (CAKUT) form a group of heterogeneous disorders that affect the kidneys, ureters and bladder, with frequent asynchronous presentations and multiple CAKUT associations in the same individual. Urinary tract formation is a complex process, dependent of the interaction of multiple genes and their sub-product. The same genic alterations can lead to different molecular expressions and different morphological anomalies. The ureterocele is a cystic dilation of the distal intramural ureter, resulting in obstruction of urine flow, dilation of the ureter and renal pelvis and loss of renal function. Two key steps in the urinary tract ontogenesis may be related to ureterocele development: formation and migration of the ureteric bud and its incorporation in the bladder. This review aims to describe the morphological, cellular and biochemical steps, as well as the genes involved in the occurrence of this anomaly.
Multiple Instance Curriculum Learning for Weakly Supervised Object Detection

When supervising an object detector with weakly labeled data, most existing approaches are prone to trapping in the discriminative object parts, e.g., finding the face of a cat instead of the full body, due to lacking the supervision on the extent of full objects. To address this challenge, we incorporate object segmentation into the detector training, which guides the model to correctly localize the full objects. We propose the multiple instance curriculum learning (MICL) method, which injects curriculum learning (CL) into the multiple instance learning (MIL) framework. The MICL method starts by automatically picking the easy training examples, where the extent of the segmentation masks agree with detection bounding boxes. The training set is gradually expanded to include harder examples to train strong detectors that handle complex images. The proposed MICL method with segmentation in the loop outperforms the state-of-the-art weakly supervised object detectors by a substantial margin on the PASCAL VOC datasets.
Generating multi-style paper pop-up designs using 3D primitive fitting

Paper pop-ups are fascinating three-dimensional books that impart stories and information more vividly to their readers. The design and construction of these pop-up books, however, are generally done by hand, and given the lack of expertise in this area, have necessitated the need for automated or computer-assisted design of paper pop-ups. This paper presents an automatic algorithm and the underlying theory for producing paper pop-up designs from 3D models. Existing studies on paper pop-ups have mainly focused on individual styles and proposed formulations for only a limited set of mechanisms. In our work, we design multi-style pop-ups by combining the formulations of previously studied styles with our derived validity conditions for box-style pop-ups. We use a mesh abstraction technique that fits volumetric primitives unto a 3D mesh, which are later automatically mapped to selected mechanisms. We also preserve important texture and shape contours using a hybrid object- and image-space approach. Finally, we generate printable design layouts and the corresponding assembly instructions to facilitate the actual production, which verifies the feasibility of our pop-ups.
Discrimination of intonation by hearing-impaired children

ABSTRACT Earlier research has shown that sentence intonation involves frequencies of 500 Hz or less. The present research verified the hypothesis that most hearing-impaired children whose auditory input is limited to those low frequencies do perceive differences in intonation. Their performance was influenced by their response tendencies but was clearly evident across three different acoustic listening conditions and two psychophysical tests. The educational implications of this are discussed briefly.
Rapid Publication Total Energy Expenditure and the Level of Physical Activity Correlate With Plasma Leptin Concentrations in Five-Year-Old Children

Leptin, the product of the ob gene, is a hormone secreted by adipocytes that is known to decrease food intake and increase energy expenditure in ob/ob mice. In humans, variants in the OB gene have not been detected and very little is known about the action of leptin on food intake and energy expenditure, although circulating leptin concentrations are positively correlated to body fat stores. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between fasting plasma leptin concentrations and energy expenditure in 123 5-yrold Pima Indian children (67 males/76 females). Body composition was assessed by isotopic water dilution ( 18 O) whereas total energy expenditure (TEE) and resting metabolic rate (RMR) were measured using doubly labeled water and indirect calorimetry, respectively. The physical activity level was calculated as the ratio of TEE:RMR. Plasma leptin concentrations were positively correlated to percent body fat ( r 5 0.84, P , 0.0001), but were similar in boys and girls after adjusting for percent body fat. Most importantly, we found that, independent of the percentage of body fat, plasma leptin concentrations correlated with TEE (in absolute values, r 5 0.37, P , 0.0001, or adjusted for body size r 5 0.42; P , 0.0001) and with physical activity level ( r 5 0.26, P , 0.01), but not RMR. These results suggest that, as in animal models, leptin plays a role in energy expenditure in humans. ( J. Clin. Invest. 1997. 99:592–595.)
Investigational histone deacetylase inhibitors for non-Hodgkin lymphomas

Importance of the field: Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs) have been shown effective as single agents for cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, peripheral T-cell lymphomas, and B-cell lymphomas, such as follicular lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma. Of interest, HDIs in combination with other drugs can be a treatment for Epstein–Barr virus-associated lymphoproliferative disorders. Our data of gene expression profiles in PBMCs of responders to vorinostat was discussed. Areas covered in this review: This review summarizes recent clinical trials of HDIs in non-Hodgkin lymphomas, the effects of HDIs in in vitro and mouse models, and the possibility of future combination treatments. What the reader will gain: The HDI dosing schedule is crucial to optimize outcomes and avoid irreversible adverse effects. Responses to HDIs are slow, highlighting the need to continue treatment until the maximum response is achieved. HDIs cause hyperacetylation of histone and nonhistone proteins, resulting in various effects on neoplastic cells and immune responses in their microenvironment. Take home message: Even though HDIs are not potent as single agents, they are likely to provide promising therapeutic options when combined with other agents, i.e., BCL2/BCL-XL antagonists and proteasome inhibitors. Future studies should seek to identify biomarkers that predict patient responses to HDIs.
Model for predicting the optical performance of the eye in refractive surgery.

BACKGROUND Predicting the outcome of refractive surgical procedures is one of the chief goals of the refractive surgeon. Besides perfecting the change required to nullify a refractive error, the optical quality of the postsurgical eye should be maximized. METHODS A model eye useful for predicting the likely effects on the optical performance of the eye as a result of refractive surgical intervention is presented. The model features aspheric ocular interfaces, a gradient refractive index within the lens, and a uni-index cornea. The dimensions of the model parameters are taken from the literature. Baker's method of ray tracing through aspheric surfaces is used to predict the lateral spherical aberration of the eye for specific pupil sizes. The results for various operational conditions such as number of lens layers and corneal shape were calculated. RESULTS The model predicts that optimal optical imagery is produced when the corneal profile is represented by a flattening ellipse (shape factor = .65 to .85). Ideally, in refractive surgery involving the cornea, the postoperative corneal contour should conform to this flattening ellipse.
Dichotomy and perceptual distortions in absolute pitch ability

Absolute pitch (AP) is the rare ability to identify the pitch of a tone without the aid of a reference tone. Understanding both the nature and genesis of AP can provide insights into neuroplasticity in the auditory system. We explored factors that may influence the accuracy of pitch perception in AP subjects both during the development of the trait and in later age. We used a Web-based survey and a pitch-labeling test to collect perceptual data from 2,213 individuals, 981 (44%) of whom proved to have extraordinary pitch-naming ability. The bimodal distribution in pitch-naming ability signifies AP as a distinct perceptual trait, with possible implications for its genetic basis. The wealth of these data has allowed us to uncover unsuspected note-naming irregularities suggestive of a “perceptual magnet” centered at the note “A. ” In addition, we document a gradual decline in pitch-naming accuracy with age, characterized by a perceptual shift in the “sharp” direction. These findings speak both to the process of acquisition of AP and to its stability.
Some families of non-congruent numbers

Let E_k denote the elliptic curve defined by y^2 = x(x^2 - k^2). We consider the curves with k = pl, p = l = 1 mod 8 primes, and show that the density of rank-0 curves among them is at least 1/2 by explicitly constructing nontrivial elements in the 2-part of the Tate-Shafarevich group of E_k.
Swipt through eigen-decomposition of mimo channels

In this paper, we theoretically investigate a new technique for simultaneous wireless information and power transfer in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) point-to-point with radio frequency energy harvesting capabilities. The proposed technique exploits the spatial decomposition of the MIMO channel and uses the eigenchannels either to convey information or to transfer energy. An optimization problem that minimizes the total transmitted power subject to maximum power per eigenchannel, information and energy constraints is formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear program and solved to optimality using mixed-integer second-order cone programming.
Unveiling Seductions beyond Societies of Control: Affect, Security, and Humour in Spaces of Aeromobility

Taking the bare bodies that starred in the recent Air New Zealand in-flight safety demonstration and advertising campaign as its starting point, this paper stages an encounter between bareness and security in order to think about how affective atmospheres might be engineered and manipulated within spaces of aeromobility. From a representational perspective the bare bodies appeal to a particular economy of truth through the unveiling of the corporation, parodying the bareness that is a central technique associated with airport securitisation. But the bareness in the in-flight safety demonstration generates a different kind of intimacy between the corporation and the passenger that facilitates the emergence of affective atmospheres which hinge around fun and lightness. In light of theorisations that invoke the corporation as a model of the control society we finish by drawing out some of the tensions that hinge around figures of veiling and unveiling to demonstrate how affect necessarily exceeds its capture and engineering.
An obstacle detection method by fusion of radar and motion stereo

In order to avoid collision with an object that blocks the course of a vehicle, measuring the distance to it and detecting positions of its side boundaries, are necessary. In the paper, an object detection method achieved by the fusion of millimeter-wave radar and a single video camera is proposed. We consider the method as the least expensive solution because at least one camera is necessary for lane marking detection. In the method, the distance is measured by the radar, and the boundaries are found from an image sequence, based on a motion stereo technique with the help of the distance measured by the radar. Since the method does not depend on the appearance of objects, it is capable of detecting not only an automobile but also other objects. Object detection by the method was confirmed through an experiment. In the experiment, both a stationary and a moving object were detected and a pedestrian as well as a vehicle was detected.