Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Applied Pure Bending Strain on Critical Current for CuNb/Nb3Sn Superconducting Wires

We have developed a CuNb-reinforced Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn (CuNb/Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn) wire. Critical current (I<sub>c</sub>) of prebent CuNb/Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn coils with various diameters was investigated in order to develop a Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn superconducting magnet by a react-and-wind (R&W) method. It was found that the prebending treatment enhances I<sub>c</sub> of the small pure bending coil. In the small pure bending strain region, I<sub>c</sub> of the prebent coil with over 96-mm outer diameter is larger than that of the as-reacted coil. However, the as-reacted coils exhibited large I<sub>c</sub> in the large pure bending strain region. Calculated results on the basis of the perfect current transfer model with a neutral axis shift successfully indicated the enhancement behavior of I<sub>c</sub> by pure bending strains. Hence, we can understand the relationship between coil diameter and prebending treatment for the R&W method using CuNb/Nb<sub>3</sub>Sn wires.
Last Generation Triazoles for Imported Eumycetoma in Eleven Consecutive Adults

Background Optimal management of eumycetoma, a severely debilitating chronic progressive fungal infection of skin, disseminating to bone and viscera, remains challenging. Especially, optimal antifungal treatment and duration are ill defined. Methodology/Principal Findings We conducted a monocentric retrospective study of 11 imported cases of eumycetoma treated by voriconazole or posaconazole for at least 6 months. Response to treatment was assessed through evolution of clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (1→3) ß-D-glucan (BG) and positron emission tomography using [18F] fluorodeoxyglucose (PET/CT) results were also assessed. Identified species were Fusarium solani complex (n = 3); Madurella mycetomatis, (n = 3), and Exophiala jeanselmei, (n = 1). Moreover, two coelomycetes and one phaeohyphomycetes strains without species identification were retrieved. Serum BG and PET/CT were abnormal in 7/8 and 6/6 patients tested, respectively. Patients received last generation azoles for a mean duration of 25.9±18 months. Complete response (major clinical and MRI improvement) was observed in 5/11 patients, partial response (minor MRI improvement or stable MRI findings) in 5 and failure (MRI evidence of disease progression) in one, with a 73±39 [6–132] months mean follow-up. Relapse occurred in 2 patients after treatment discontinuation. Optimal outcome was associated with fungal species, initiation of last generation triazole therapy (<65 months since first symptoms), negative serum BG and PET/CT normalization. Conclusions/Significance MRI, PET/CT and serum BG appear as promising tools to assess optimal time of antifungal treatment for eumycetoma.
EFFECT OF PHOTOPERIOD SENSITIVITY ON YIELD AND OTHER ECONOMIC TRAITS OF NEW STRAINS OF BASMATI RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.)

Photoperiod sensitivity is one of the most important character which acts as an indicator to distinguish a basmati variety from non-basmati variety. Twelve rice promising lines i.e., 98801, 98410, 98316, 99417, 97502, 99512, 98410, 99513, 98506, 98408, 5261-1-2 along with Super Basmati as check variety were transplanted on six different dates (16May to 1 st August) with an interval of fifteen days to test the basmati behavior of new strains. Super Basmati in all the six dates flowered in the last week of September and first week of October irrespective of its time of transplanting. Super Basmati showed a remarked increase in plant height in first (138 cm) and 2nd date (127cm) due to prolonged vegetative period while it showed a considerable decrease in plant height in last date (101cm) due to reduced vegetative phase. New strains 98316, 99417and 98408 reflected the same behavior and appeared to be true basmati strains. Whereas rest of the strains performed equally good in all the dates and remained unaffected by the different transplanting dates and appeared to be non-basmati strains. Most of the promising lines gave good yield when transplanted from 1 st July to 16 th July. 99512 and 99513 behaved differently, paddy yield of these genotypes reduced when transplanted late. In conclusion, photoperiod sensitivity is an important character of basmati rice. Super basmati is an improved form of Basmati rice and photosensitivity is its major character. Besides this variety, 98316, 99417 and 98408 are also true basmati strains.
Infant Feeding

the upper end of the parietal incision. Omentum was packed round the tube in the abdominal cavity, which itself was not drained. The abdominal wall was closed in layers in the usual manner. The gall-bladder was not interfered with, as the patient's condition was not very good at the end of the operation. During and after operation two litres of stored blood and two litres of glucose and saline solution were administered by drip transfusion. On the following day the patient's condition was much improved. The respiration was now fifteen per minute, and no cyanosis was present. The pulse rate was 100 per minute on the average, and the temperature was normal. The tube was draining a little clear fluid only. His condition continued to improve, and the tube was removed on the eighth day after operation, as it was not draining. PIe was allowed up on the eleventh day and the sutures were removed from the wound, which was healed. On the thirteenth day after operation he felt some pain in the epigastrium and vomited. His temperature rose to 100 0 F. , and a swelling was noticed deep to the upper end of the wound. At the same time it was reported that his freces were pale, bulky and creamy in consistency for the first time during his hospital stay. They contained undigested meat fibres. Their fat content was 18'7% (a more or less normal figure), of which 55% was split fat and 45% unspltt fat, the normal figures being 80% and 20% respectively. The serum amylase index was not raised, being 28 units, but the urinary diastatic index was 100 units, the normal varying from 10 to 25 units. The wound then discharged copious quantities of somewhat turbid-looking fluid through the site of the drainage tube. This fluid had a diastatic index of 2000 units, and some lipase and trypsinogen were found in it. It also contained some pus cells, and some Gram-negative, lactosefermenting bacilli were grown from it on culture. From the above observations it was obvious that there was a communication between the main pancreatic duct and the remains of the Cyst, sidetracking the pancreatic juice from the bowel. This sometimes occurs in these cases, though Vecchi(8' states that it is uncommon. The discharge lasted for ten days, during which time no wound digestion occurred. On the twenty-third day after operation the fistula closed and the freces became normal in appearance and consistency; their split fat content had now risen to 69% of the total fat content. The patient was discharged from hospital thirty-one days after admission. He was feeling well, and there were no signs of the cyst. Nine months later a follow-up examination showed that the patient was physically well and had had no further symptoms referable to the cyst. He was also rid of the troublesome flatulence which he had always had prior to operation.
Effects of Musical Experience on Different Components of MEG Responses Elicited by Sequential Piano-Tones and Chords

Magnetoencephalographic (MEG) studies have revealed enhancement of neural activity of the N1m response of auditory evoked fields in long-term trained musicians, reflecting neuroplastic modification of the representation of the auditory cortex. In contrast, the amplitude of the P2 response of auditory evoked potentials is modified by musical experience, with no alteration of N1. Here, we performed a comprehensive MEG study using stimulation of successive musical-instrument tones to examine how the neural activities of different MEG responses are modified in long-term experienced musicians who commenced musical lessons at ages of ∼5 years and had continued to practice. The dipole moment of the P2m response occurring at 160–180 ms was significantly enlarged in musicians compared with that in individuals who had not received musical lessons. The enlargement was found for the dipole moment of N1m occurring at 100–120 ms in a restricted condition but not for the moment of P1m at 50–60 ms. Furthermore, the dipole moment of P2m for successive stimuli, normalized by the moment for the first stimulus, was significantly larger for chord tones than single tones and was significantly larger in the musicians than controls. These results suggest that the P2m response is susceptible to be modified by musical training in a period of neural maturation, with a short refractory period of neural activity for the auditory input of composite tones. The P2m activity may be specialized to the processing of multifrequency sounds, such as musical timbre consisting of abundant harmonics.
Evaluation and error recovery methods of an IVR based real time speech recognition application

Field trial and evaluation of any real world speech recognition application using Interactive Voice Response technology are likely to be a daunting task. It has to face challenges regarding spoken language conventions, pronunciation variations, recognition issues in noisy environment, limitations of human cognition, working memory and differences between users. Present study illustrates the entire evaluation process of such an agricultural information retrieval system mainly targeted towards semi-literate or illiterate farmers. A new set of evaluation metrics as per the designed evaluation strategies, details of field trial processes, feedback analysis and finally system performance results are presented in a well organized way. Additionally to meet users' expectations, distinctive error recovery methods like Signal Analysis and Decision, Confidence Measure and Polling, Complementary Information, Runtime model generation etc. are introduced and incorporated to confirm performance enhancement in final trial. Evaluation methods and metrics used here are domain independent and applicable to similar systems.
Failures in Mitochondrial tRNAMet and tRNAGln Metabolism Caused by the Novel 4401A>G Mutation Are Involved in Essential Hypertension in a Han Chinese Family

We report here on the clinical, genetic, and molecular characterization of 1 Han Chinese family with maternally transmitted hypertension. Three of 7 matrilineal relatives in this 4-generation family exhibited the variable degree of essential hypertension at the age at onset, ranging from 35 to 60 years old. Sequence analysis of the complete mitochondrial DNA in this pedigree identified the novel homoplasmic 4401A>G mutation localizing at the spacer immediately to the 5′ end of tRNAMet and tRNAGln genes and 39 other variants belonging to the Asian haplogroup C. The 4401A>G mutation was absent in 242 Han Chinese controls. Approximately 30% reductions in the steady-state levels of tRNAMet and tRNAGln were observed in 2 lymphoblastoid cell lines carrying the 4401A>G mutation compared with 2 control cell lines lacking this mutation. Failures in mitochondrial metabolism are apparently a primary contributor to the reduced rate of mitochondrial translation and reductions in the rate of overall respiratory capacity, malate/glutamate-promoted respiration, succinate/glycerol-3-phosphate–promoted respiration, or N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine/ascorbate-promoted respiration in lymphoblastoid cell lines carrying the 4401A>G mutation. The homoplasmic form, mild biochemical defect, late onset, and incomplete penetrance of hypertension in this family suggest that the 4401A>G mutation itself is insufficient to produce a clinical phenotype. Thus, the other modifier factors, eg, nuclear modifier genes and environmental and personal factors, may also contribute to the development of hypertension in these subjects carrying this mutation. These data suggest that mitochondrial dysfunctions, caused by the 4401A>G mutation, are involved in the development of hypertension in this Chinese pedigree.
Model selection in spatio-temporal electromagnetic source analysis

Several methods [model selection procedures (MSPs)] to determine the number of sources in electroencephalogram (EEG) and magnetoencphalogram (MEG) data have previously been investigated in an instantaneous analysis. In this paper, these MSPs are extended to a spatio-temporal analysis if possible. It is seen that the residual variance (RV) tends to overestimate the number of sources. The Akaike information criterion (AIC) and the Wald test on amplitudes (WA) and the Wald test on locations (WL) have the highest probabilities of selecting the correct number of sources. The WA has the advantage that it offers the opportunity to test which source is active at which time sample.
Flexural Strengthening of RC Beams with Cement-Based Composites

In this paper, the effectiveness of fiber-reinforced cementitious matrix (FRCM) materials for the strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) beams is experimentally investigated. Bending tests on RC beams strengthened with different FRCM materials, made out of (1) carbon fiber nets; and (2) poliparafenilenbenzobisoxazole (PBO) fiber nets embedded in cement-based matrix, are performed. For case (2), different net shapes, cementitious matrices, and a number of net layers were considered. Depending on the type of fibers and matrix, different flexural debonding failure modes are identified. The fiber strain at debonding is evaluated by comparing the experimental results with those obtained with two different theoretical models. The results obtained in this study confirm the effectiveness of FRCM materials for the strengthening of RC structures and encourage further experimental and theoretical work on the topic. A better understanding of the debonding phenomenon is crucial for an optimal design of the strength.
Recent Surveys in the Forests of Ulu Segama Malua, Sabah, Malaysia, Show That Orang-utans (P. p. morio) Can Be Maintained in Slightly Logged Forests

Background Today the majority of wild great ape populations are found outside of the network of protected areas in both Africa and Asia, therefore determining if these populations are able to survive in forests that are exploited for timber or other extractive uses and how this is managed, is paramount for their conservation. Methodology/Principal Findings In 2007, the “Kinabatangan Orang-utan Conservation Project” (KOCP) conducted aerial and ground surveys of orang-utan (Pongo pygmaeus morio) nests in the commercial forest reserves of Ulu Segama Malua (USM) in eastern Sabah, Malaysian Borneo. Compared with previous estimates obtained in 2002, our recent data clearly shows that orang-utan populations can be maintained in forests that have been lightly and sustainably logged. However, forests that are heavily logged or subjected to fast, successive coupes that follow conventional extraction methods, exhibit a decline in orang-utan numbers which will eventually result in localized extinction (the rapid extraction of more than 100 m3 ha−1 of timber led to the crash of one of the surveyed sub-populations). Nest distribution in the forests of USM indicates that orang-utans leave areas undergoing active disturbance and take momentarily refuge in surrounding forests that are free of human activity, even if these forests are located above 500 m asl. Displaced individuals will then recolonize the old-logged areas after a period of time, depending on availability of food sources in the regenerating areas. Conclusion/Significance These results indicate that diligent planning prior to timber extraction and the implementation of reduced-impact logging practices can potentially be compatible with great ape conservation.
Prosodic Realization of Discourse Topic in Mandarin Chinese: Comparing Professional with Non-professional Speakers

This study investigated prosodic realization of discourse topic by comparing professional and non-professional speakers’ production of four discourses. In each discourse, the target sentence, as the discourse topic, was either at the discourse initial position or at a non-initial position. Six professional and 20 non-professional speakers read aloud all the discourses with two repetitions. Extensive acoustic analysis revealed that: (1) Sentences in the discourse initial position started with higher maximum F0 and longer duration, mostly in the first prosodic phrases, with the biggest effect on the first word; (2) Professional speakers raised discourse-initial F0 by a much larger amount and in a more consistent way than non-professional speakers; (3) The two groups of speakers both lengthened discourse-initial duration, and there was no difference between the two groups in terms of duration lengthening.
Physical Ageing and Annealing in Fibers and Textile Materials

The theory of viscoelasticity in textile assemblies reported in Part I of this series of papers is extended to blended textile materials. The complex effects of ageing or an nealing or both of these on the stress relaxation processes in a blended textile material are separated into several regions according to the demarcation provided by the glass transition temperature of the constituent fibers in the blend. The influence of ageing or annealing processes on the mechanical properties contributed by constituent fibers in the blend can be represented by horizontally shifting the stress relaxation curves of the fibers in the logarithmic time scale. The time shift factors for each individual group of fibers in the blend take into account the changes in temperature and ageing or annealing history. The sufficient condition to obtain a single effective time shift factor for the blend is that all viscoelastic component fibers must have only one identical time shift factor with respect to the same reference state. The theory predicts that, in most real situations, there should be no single time shift factor obtainable for textile blends owing to the differences between the shift factor of the component fibers. The interaction between the fiber components in a blended fabric represents an important aspect of its viscoelastic behavior. An experimental study reveals that the interaction between fiber blend components in wool/polyester fabrics is influenced by the differ ences in the stress relaxation behavior of the blend constituents, blend composition, and fabric weave construction. The study also indicates that the annealing process improves the viscoelastic properties of wool/polyester blended fabrics. Optimum an nealing conditions occur when these fabrics are heated in the vicinity of the glass transition temperaure of wool fibers at the equilibrium moisture regain corresponding to 20°C and 65% RH.
Profiling novel classification algorithms Artificial Immune Systems

In this paper we present an approach for bench-marking and profiling novel classification algorithms. We apply it to AIRS, an artificial immune system algorithm inspired by how the natural immune system recognizes and remembers intruders. We provide basic benchmarking results for AIRS, to our knowledge the first such test under standardised conditions. We also investigate how data set properties (data set size) relate to AIRS performance, and what other algorithms produce similar patterns over over- and underperformance on specific data sets. We present three methods for computing algorithm similarity that may be useful for profiling novel algorithms in general.
Sexual counselling for patients with cardiovascular disease: protocol for a pilot study of the CHARMS sexual counselling intervention

Introduction Sexual problems are common with cardiovascular disease, and can negatively impact quality of life. To address sexual problems, guidelines have identified the importance of sexual counselling during cardiac rehabilitation, yet this is rarely provided. The Cardiac Health and Relationship Management and Sexuality (CHARMS) intervention aims to improve the provision of sexual counselling in cardiac rehabilitation in Ireland. Methods and analysis This is a multicentre pilot study for the CHARMS intervention, a complex, multilevel intervention delivered within hospital-based cardiac rehabilitation programmes. The intervention includes (1) training in sexual counselling for staff, (2) a staff-led patient education and support intervention embedded within the cardiac rehabilitation programme, (3) a patient information booklet and (4) an awareness raising poster. The intervention will be delivered in two randomly selected cardiac rehabilitation centres. In each centre 30 patients will be recruited, and partners will also be invited to participate. Data will be collected from staff and patients/partners at T1 (study entry), T2 (3-month follow-up) and T3 (6-month follow-up). The primary outcome for patients/partners will be scores on the Sexual Self-Perception and Adjustment Questionnaire. Secondary outcomes for patients/partners will include relationship satisfaction; satisfaction with and barriers to sexual counselling in services; sexual activity, functioning and knowledge; physical and psychological well-being. Secondary outcomes for staff will include sexuality-related practice; barriers to sexual counselling; self-ratings of capability, opportunity and motivation; sexual attitudes and beliefs; knowledge of cardiovascular disease and sex. Fidelity of intervention delivery will be assessed using trainer self-reports, researcher-coded audio recordings and exit interviews. Longitudinal feasibility data will be gathered from patients/partners and staff via questionnaires and interviews. Ethics and dissemination This study is approved by the Research Ethics Committee (REC) of the National University of Ireland, Galway. Findings will be disseminated to cardiac rehabilitation staff, patients/partners and relevant policymakers via appropriate publications and presentations.
Cell Surface Antigen Expression of First Trimester Chorionic Villus Samples

ABSTRACT: First trimester chorionic villi obtained by chorionic villus sampling at approximately 9 weeks of gestation were investigated by indirect immunofluorescence to demonstrate trophoblast cell surface antigen expression. Villous trophoblast expressing the trophoblast specific markers transferrin receptor, human placental lactogen, and cytokeratin was also found to express a monomorphic major histocompatibility complex class I determinant recognized by the monoclonal antibody W6/32. W6/32 positive regions included sparsely scattered regions of villous trophoblast and fanning outgrowths of trophoblast. The class I antigenic determinant expressed by first trimester trophoblast was found to be recognized exclusively by W6/32 when assayed with a panel of anti‐class I determinant monoclonal antibodies. Trophoblast W6/32 determinant expression was not increased after 24 hour organ culture in the presence of 200 U of interferon gamma. Exposure to interferon gamma resulted in increased class I antigen expression by mesenchyme and low level de novo mesenchyme class II antigen expression. These data suggest that early gestational stage villous trophoblast express non‐classical class I antigens which do not seem to be subject to the regulatory effects of interferon gamma.
Minimum Quality Standards , Industry Self Regulation , and Economic Welfare

We analyze the impact of an endogenous minimum quality standard (MQS) imposed on an industry collectively by producers based upon a profit criterion, a situation common to agricultural industries. A MQS can enhance net welfare in these settings because it may correct for deficient production of high-quality product by the industry in the absence of a MQS. However, we show that any MQS imposed voluntarily by a profit-maximizing producer organization decreases the welfare of all consumers of the product and is also highly likely to reduce net (producer plus consumer) welfare.