Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Benefits and challenges of supervising occupational therapy fieldwork students: Supervisors’ perspectives

Background/aim: Increased enrolments in occupational therapy education programs, together with changes in the employment patterns of practising occupational therapists, have resulted in a crisis in fieldwork education in Australia. This study aimed to investigate fieldwork supervisors’ perspectives regarding the benefits and challenges of providing fieldwork placements, explore the potential link between providing student placements and later workforce recruitment, and document currently employed models of fieldwork supervision. Methods: Participants included past, present and potential future fieldwork supervisors, sourced from fieldwork coordinators’ databases at The University of Queensland and James Cook University. Using an online, purpose-designed questionnaire, descriptive data (frequencies and percentages)were gathered from forced-choice questions. For open-ended questions, content analysis was conducted to identify categories and themes. Results: One hundred and thirty-two surveys were completed. Benefits of fieldwork placements related to opportunities for later recruitment of fieldwork students,students conducting projects and developing resources, a sense of contributing to the occupational therapy profession, and the development of employee skills. Challenges related to staffing issues, lack of physical resources and prohibitive workload pressures. Multiple models of supervision were employed in supervisors’ workplaces, and almost all participants responsible for workplace employment had employed fieldwork students they had previously supervised. Conclusions: The results demonstrate a strong link between supervision and later recruitment of fieldwork students, suggesting that supervision of students is of considerable advantage to the host organisations in the recruitment of appropriately prepared employees. The study also demonstrates additional benefits to be promoted to supervisors and organisations to encourage and support fieldwork placements.
On the multicell processing capacity of the cellular MIMO uplink channel in correlated rayleigh fading environment

In the context of cellular systems, it has been shown that multicell processing can eliminate inter-cell interference and provide high spectral efficiencies with respect to traditional interference-limited implementations. Moreover, it has been proved that the multiplexing sum-rate capacity gain of multicell processing systems is proportional to the number of base station (BS) antennas. These results have been also established for cellular systems, where BSs and user terminals (UTs) are equipped with multiple antennas. Nevertheless, a common simplifying assumption in the literature is the uncorrelated nature of the Rayleigh fading coefficients within the BSUT MIMO links. In this direction, this paper investigates the ergodic multicell-processing sum-rate capacity of the Gaussian MIMO cellular multiple-access channel in a correlated fading environment. More specifically, the multiple antennas of both BSs and UTs are assumed to be correlated according to the Kronecker product model. Furthermore, the current system model considers Rayleigh fading, uniformly distributed UTs over a planar coverage area and power-law path loss. Based on free probabilistic arguments, the empirical eigenvalue distribution of the channel covariance matrix is derived and it is used to calculate both optimal joint decoding and minimum mean square error (MMSE) filtering capacity. In addition, numerical results are presented, where the per-cell sum-rate capacity is evaluated while varying the cell density of the system, as well as the level of fading correlation. In this context, it is shown that the capacity performance is greatly compromised by BS-side correlation, whereas UT-side correlation has a negligible effect on the system's performance. Furthermore, MMSE performance is shown to be greatly suboptimal but more resilient to fading correlation in comparison to optimal decoding.
Resilience Training for Firefighters: A Proposed Approach

In the course of doing their jobs, firefighters unavoidably experience stressful and even traumatic situations that can lead to emotional and behavioral health problems including anxiety, burnout, depression, alcoholism, substance abuse, post-traumatic stress disorder, and suicide. Current approaches to addressing these problems tend to focus on assistance and treatment that takes place following traumatic events, or after symptoms emerge. While these important efforts must continue, the science of positive psychology can suggest a more proactive approach through the development of resilience skills, which prepare individuals to resist the negative effects of stressful events and situations, and support overall well-being. Resilience training teaches thinking and coping skills that can be employed on the job as well as at home and in other circumstances. Existing evidence-based resilience training programs used in military and educational settings are reviewed, as well as literature addressing factors specific to firefighter and emergency responder populations. A firefighter resilience training program is recommended that takes into account the fire service culture and focuses on developing increased self-efficacy through increased social support and flexible, accurate thinking habits that promote optimism. Suggested interventions and measures are presented, along with ideas for fostering an environment of resilience within the fire department.
The Nitrosopumilus maritimus CdvB, but Not FtsZ, Assembles into Polymers

Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota are two major phyla of archaea which use distinct molecular apparatuses for cell division. Euryarchaea make use of the tubulin-related protein FtsZ, while Crenarchaea, which appear to lack functional FtsZ, employ the Cdv (cell division) components to divide. Ammonia oxidizing archaeon (AOA) Nitrosopumilus maritimus belongs to another archaeal phylum, the Thaumarchaeota, which has both FtsZ and Cdv genes in the genome. Here, we used a heterologous expression system to characterize FtsZ and Cdv proteins from N. maritimus by investigating the ability of these proteins to form polymers. We show that one of the Cdv proteins in N. maritimus, the CdvB (Nmar_0816), is capable of forming stable polymers when expressed in fission yeast. The N. maritimus CdvB is also capable of assembling into filaments in mammalian cells. However, N. maritimus FtsZ does not assemble into polymers in our system. The ability of CdvB, but not FtsZ, to polymerize is consistent with a recent finding showing that several Cdv proteins, but not FtsZ, localize to the mid-cell site in the dividing N. maritimus. Thus, we propose that it is Cdv proteins, rather than FtsZ, that function as the cell division apparatus in N. maritimus.
Dynamics of ruminal ciliated protozoa in feedlot cattle

Fluctuations in ciliated protozoan concentrations were monitored in 40 individually fed crossbred heifers that were stepped up to an 85% concentrate diet either slowly (12 days) or rapidly (3 days), with or without monensin (30 ppm). Ruminal fluid was withdrawn from all animals by stomach tube at the start of the study, after each group reached full feed, and at 14-day intervals thereafter throughout the finishing period until termination (day 119). Neither monensin nor speed of step-up affected (P greater than 0.10) total protozoan concentrations, ruminal pH, or lactic acid concentrations. Average protozoan concentrations peaked on day 5, progressively declined until day 56, and then increased (P less than 0.05), suggesting an adaptation to ruminal conditions. Concentrations of Isotricha spp. were higher (P less than 0.05) on the final two sampling dates than at any other time. After day 28, Entodinium, Isotricha, and Polyplastron were the only surviving genera. Protozoa were not detected in 11 heifers on day 42 and day 56, but only two animals were defaunated on day 119, indicating either exogenous or endogenous refaunation. Average protozoan concentrations were not different (P greater than 0.25) between ruminal samples collected by stomach tube the day before slaughter (2.8 x 10(5)/g) and digesta samples collected the next day (1.6 x 10(5)/g). In feedlot cattle, defaunation apparently is transitory and individual animals harbor a dynamic protozoan population that fluctuates in response to changing ruminal conditions.
Famílias em risco psicossocial: desafios para a avaliação e intervenção = Families at psychosocial risk: challenges for assessment and intervention

As familias em risco psicossocial enfrentam graves problemas, vivem em contextos carentes de recursos e acumulam multiplos acontecimentos de vida estressantes. Estas circunstâncias pessoais e relacionais dificultam ou limitam as suas competencias parentais, comprometendo a sua capacidade para exercer uma parentalidade adequada e o desenvolvimento dos seus filhos. Nas ultimas decadas, os sistemas sociais de protecao a infância e as familias mudaram de uma perspetiva assistencial para uma perspetiva centrada na preservacao e fortalecimento familiar. Neste sentido, e crucial analisar as trajetorias vitais dos adultos, as suas relacoes interpessoais e circunstâncias contextuais, nao so para conhecer com maior profundidade a dinâmica familiar, como tambem porque a eficacia das intervencoes depende em grande parte do grau em que se ajustam as necessidades destas familias. Nesta conferencia serao analisadas as caracteristicas das familias em situacao de risco psicossocial no Algarve e discutidas as principais necessidades de apoio e as areas de intervencao a serem tomadas em consideracao pelos profissionais. Families at psychosocial risk generally face serious problems, live in deprived contexts and tend to accumulate multiple stressful life events. These circumstances hinder their parenting competences and compromise their ability to provide appropriate parenting, consequently jeopardizing children’s development. In the last decades, child protection systems have shifted from a deficit-focused perspective to a perspective of family strengthening and preservation. In this context, it is crucial to analyze adults’ life trajectories, their interpersonal relationships and external circumstances. This assessment allows us to obtain a deeper knowledge about family dynamics and to increase interventions’ efficacy, because it largely depends on the extent to which it responds to at-risk families needs. In this conference, we will analyze the characteristics of families at psychosocial risk from the Algarve. We will also discuss their main support needs and the intervention areas that should be taken into account by professionals. Palavras-chave / Keywords Familia, Risco psicossocial, Parentalidade, Preservacao familiar, Infância. Family, Psychosocial risk, Parenting, Family preservation, Childhood.
Immediate occlusal loading of implants in the partially edentate mandible: a prospective 1-year radiographic and 4-year clinical study.

PURPOSE The purpose of the present prospective clinical study was to evaluate the radiographic and clinical outcome of immediately loaded implants in the partial edentulous mandible over a 4-year follow-up period using a modified surgical protocol, primary implant stability criteria, and splinting for inclusion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients in need of implant treatment in the partial edentate mandible were consecutively included in the study. The implant sites were underprepared to obtain maximal stability. Inclusion criteria for the study were torque of a least 30 Ncm before final seating of the implant and an ISQ greater than 60. A provisional fixed partial denture was delivered within 24 hours and a definitive fixed partial denture within 3 months. The patients were monitored with clinical and radiographic follow-up examinations for up to 4 years. Stability of the implants was measured with resonance frequency analysis at placement and after 6 months. RESULTS Ninety-six patients were evaluated, and 77 patients who met the inclusion criteria were included. A total of 111 fixed partial dentures supported by 257 Brånemark System implants (77 turned and 180 TiUnite implants) were delivered. Four (1.6%) of the 257 implants did not osseointegrate, giving an overall survival rate of 98.4% after 4 years. Three turned (3.9%) implants and 1 oxidized implant (0.6%) failed after 4 to 13 months. The average marginal bone resorption was 0.7 mm (SD 0.78) during the first year in function. Turned implants showed an average bone loss of 0.5 mm (SD 0.8) and oxidized implants an average of 0.7 mm (SD 0.8). Resonance frequency analysis showed a mean implant stability quotient of 72.2 (SD 7.5) at placement and 72.5 (SD 5.7) after 6 months of loading. CONCLUSION It is concluded that immediate loading of implants with firm primary stability in partially edentulous areas of the mandible appears to be a viable procedure with predictable outcome.
Transcription Repressor Slug Promotes Carcinoma Invasion and Predicts Outcome of Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma

Purpose: In a previous genome-wide gene expression profiling analysis using an invasion cancer cell lines model, we have identified Slug as selectively overexpressed in the highly invasive cancer cells. Here, we investigated the clinical significance of Slug in lung adenocarcinoma and the role of Slug in the process of cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Experimental Design: Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR was used to investigate Slug mRNA in surgically resected lung adenocarcinoma of 54 patients and its correlation with survival. We overexpressed Slug in a lung adenocarcinoma cell line with very low Slug levels and investigated the in vitro and in vivo effects of Slug expression. Results: High expression of Slug mRNA in lung cancer tissue was significantly associated with postoperative relapse (P = 0.03) and shorter patient survival (P < 0.001). The overexpression of Slug enhanced xenograft tumor growth and increased microvessel counts in angiogenesis assay. Both inducible and constitutive overexpression of Slug suppressed the expression of E-cadherin and increased the in vitro invasive ability. Zymography revealed increased matrix metalloproteinase-2 activity in Slug overexpressed cells. ELISA, reverse transcription-PCR, and immunohistochemistry confirmed the increase of matrix metalloproteinase-2 proteins and mRNA in Slug overexpressed cells and xenograft tumors. Conclusions:Slug expression can predict the clinical outcome of lung adenocarcinoma patients. Slug is a novel invasion-promoting gene in lung adenocarcinoma.
Sevoflurane Induces Coherent Slow-Delta Oscillations in Rats

Although general anesthetics are routinely administered to surgical patients to induce loss of consciousness, the mechanisms underlying anesthetic-induced unconsciousness are not fully understood. In rats, we characterized changes in the extradural EEG and intracranial local field potentials (LFPs) within the prefrontal cortex (PFC), parietal cortex (PC), and central thalamus (CT) in response to progressively higher doses of the inhaled anesthetic sevoflurane. During induction with a low dose of sevoflurane, beta/low gamma (12–40 Hz) power increased in the frontal EEG and PFC, PC and CT LFPs, and PFC–CT and PFC–PFC LFP beta/low gamma coherence increased. Loss of movement (LOM) coincided with an abrupt decrease in beta/low gamma PFC–CT LFP coherence. Following LOM, cortically coherent slow-delta (0.1–4 Hz) oscillations were observed in the frontal EEG and PFC, PC and CT LFPs. At higher doses of sevoflurane sufficient to induce loss of the righting reflex, coherent slow-delta oscillations were dominant in the frontal EEG and PFC, PC and CT LFPs. Dynamics similar to those observed during induction were observed as animals emerged from sevoflurane anesthesia. We conclude that the rat is a useful animal model for sevoflurane-induced EEG oscillations in humans, and that coherent slow-delta oscillations are a correlate of sevoflurane-induced behavioral arrest and loss of righting in rats.
Stable, uncleaved HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp140 forms a tightly folded trimer with a native-like structure

Significance Many proposed strategies for HIV-1 vaccine development require use of a recombinant protein that mimics the native, functional HIV-1 envelope spike. The uncleaved ectodomain of trimeric (gp160)3, gp140, has been used as a surrogate for the native state of the cleaved, viral spike. Because of recent claims that uncleaved gp140 adopts an irrelevant, nonnative structure, with three gp120s flexibly associated with a postfusion (“triggered”) trimeric gp41, we have inserted a 20-residue, flexible linker between gp120 and gp41 into one of our previously characterized, stable, uncleaved gp140 trimers. We show that these trimers indeed form a compact, native-like structure with many antigenic properties expected for the functional envelope spike. Thus, they are promising envelope immunogens for inducing neutralizing antibody responses. The HIV-1 envelope spike [trimeric (gp160)3, cleaved to (gp120/gp41)3] is the mediator of viral entry and the principal target of humoral immune response to the virus. Production of a recombinant preparation that represents the functional spike poses a challenge for vaccine development, because the (gp120/gp41)3 complex is prone to dissociation. We have reported previously that stable HIV-1 gp140 trimers, the uncleaved ectodomains of (gp160)3, have nearly all of the antigenic properties expected for native viral spikes. Because of recent claims that uncleaved gp140 proteins may adopt a nonnative structure with three gp120 moieties “dangling” from a trimeric gp41 ectodomain in its postfusion conformation, we have inserted a long, flexible linker between gp120 and gp41 in our stable gp140 trimers to assess their stability and to analyze their conformation in solution. The modified trimer has biochemical and antigenic properties virtually identical to those of its unmodified counterpart. Both forms bind a single CD4 per trimer, suggesting that the trimeric conformation occludes two of the three CD4 sites even when a flexible linker has relieved the covalent constraint between gp120 and gp41. In contrast, an artificial trimer containing three gp120s flexibly tethered to a trimerization tag binds three CD4s and has antigenicity nearly identical to that of monomeric gp120. Moreover, the gp41 part of both modified and unmodified gp140 trimers has a structure very different from that of postfusion gp41. These results show that uncleaved gp140 trimers from suitable isolates have compact, native-like structures and support their use as candidate vaccine immunogens.
Combined chitosan-thyme treatments with modified atmosphere packaging on a ready-to-cook poultry product.

In the present study, natural antimicrobials chitosan and thyme, and their combination, were evaluated for their effect on the shelf life of a ready-to-cook (RTC) chicken-pepper kebab (skewer) stored under modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) conditions at 4 +/- 0.5 degrees C for 14 days. The following treatments were examined: control samples stored under aerobic packaging (A), samples stored under MAP (M), samples treated with 1.5% chitosan (vol/wt) and stored under MAP (M-CH), samples treated with 0.2% thyme essential oil (vol/wt) (M-T), and samples treated with 1.5% chitosan (vol/wt) and 0.2% thyme essential oil (vol/wt) and stored under MAP (M-CH-T). Treatment M-CH-T significantly affected aerobic plate counts and counts of lactic acid bacteria, Pseudomonas spp. , Brochothrix thermosphacta, Enterobacteriaceae, and yeasts and molds during the entire storage period. Similarly, lipid oxidation of the RTC product was retarded (M-CH-T treatment) during storage, whereas redness was maintained in M-T, M-CH, and M-CH-T samples. Based primarily on sensory data (taste attribute), M-CH and M-T treatments extended RTC product shelf life by 6 days, whereas M-CH-T treatment resulted in a product with a shelf life of 14 days that maintained acceptable sensory characteristics (shelf life of the control was 6 days).
Logical models of argument

Logical models of arguement formalize commonsense reasoning while taking process and computation seriously. This survey discusses the main ideas that characterize different logical models of argument. It presents the formal features of a few features of a few main approaches to the modeling of argumentation. We trace the evolution of argumentation from the mid-1980s, when argument systems emerged as an alternative to nonmonotonic formalisms based on classical logic, to the present, as argument in embedded in different complex systems for real-world applications, and allow more formal work to be done in different areas, such as AI and Law, case-based reasoning and negotiation among intelligent agents.
Heavy chain variable region. Multiple gene segments encode anti-4- (hydroxy-3-nitro-phenyl)acetyl idiotypic antibodies

The hapten (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl (NP), when conjugated to carrier proteins, elicits a characteristic idiotypic response (NPb) in C57BL/6 mice. The response can be divided serologically into two distinct NPb-positive groups of antibodies. The first group consists of four crossreacting subgroups (I-IV), the second of two subgroups (V, VI). Some antibodies of subgroups I and II have been shown to express the unmutated heavy chain variable region (VH) germline gene 186.2. Antibodies of subgroups V and VI crossreact extensively with the NPa- positive antibodies of BALB/c mice. We sequenced heavy chain complementary DNA from eight hybridomas producing anti-NP antibodies. Six of these belong to subgroups V and VI, and two were NPa-positive hybridomas of BALB/c origin. All sequences were homologous to each other, and differed by approximately 80 basepairs from the 186.2 C57BL/6 germline VH gene. From our sequence and Southern blot analyses we suggest: (a) the NPb idiotypic response is the product of several VH germline genes, (b) some of these genes are very homologous to the gene coding for the BALB/c NPa idiotype, and might represent the C57BL/6 allelic forms of this gene, (c) the diversity regions of NPb and NPa- positive antibodies are diverse in length and amino acid composition, except for the first residue, which is always tyrosine, (d) all four heavy chain joining region gene segments are expressed without mutation. We discuss our data in terms of diversity in the germline VH gene repertoire, as well as diversity created by gene segment-joining events and somatic mutation.
Lepton masses, mixings, and flavor-changing neutral currents in a minimal S 3 -invariant extension of the standard model

The mass matrices of the charged leptons and neutrinos, previously derived in a minimal S{sub 3}-invariant extension of the standard model, were reparametrized in terms of their eigenvalues. We obtained explicit, analytical expressions for all entries in the neutrino mixing matrix, V{sub PMNS}, the neutrino mixing angles, and the Majorana phases as functions of the masses of charged leptons and neutrinos in excellent agreement with the latest experimental values. The resulting V{sub PMNS} matrix is very close to the tribimaximal form of the neutrino mixing matrix. We also derived explicit, analytical expressions for the matrices of the Yukawa couplings and computed the branching ratios of some selected flavor-changing neutral current processes as functions of the masses of the charged leptons and the neutral Higgs bosons. We find that the S{sub 3}xZ{sub 2} flavor symmetry and the strong mass hierarchy of the charged leptons strongly suppress the FCNC processes in the leptonic sector well below the present experimental upper bounds by many orders of magnitude.