Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
3D statistical neuroanatomical models from 305 MRI volumes

Recently, there has been a rapid growth in the use of 3D multi-modal correlative imaging for studies of the human brain. Regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) changes indicate brain areas involved in stimulus processing. These focal changes are often too small (<10%) to be discerned from a single subject and the experiment is repeated in a series of individuals. To investigate the extent of residual variability the authors have collected over 300 MRI volumetric datasets from normal individuals and transformed these datasets into stereotaxic space using a 3D linear re-sampling algorithm. The authors then generated a series of statistical measures which express this population nonlinear variability in the form of parametric volumes, e.g. mean intensity, intensity variance. A model for anatomical variability, expressed as the width of a Gaussian blurring kernel applied to an ideal single subject, was developed and tested against the observed data. <<ETX>>
Australian Gay Men Describe the Details of Their HIV Infection Through a Cross-Sectional Web-Based Survey

Background With emerging opportunities for preventing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission, it remains important to identify those at greatest risk of infection and to describe and understand the contexts in which transmissions occur. Some gay and bisexual men with recently diagnosed HIV infection are initially unable to identify high-risk behaviors that would explain their HIV infection. We explored whether Web-based data collection could assist them in identifying the circumstances of their infection. Objective To assess the capacity of a Web-based survey to collect reliable self-report data on the event to which gay and bisexual men ascribe their HIV infection. Methods The HIV Seroconversion Study included a Web-based survey of gay and bisexual men with recently diagnosed HIV infection in Australia. Participants were asked if they could identify and describe the event they believe led to their infection. Men were also asked about their sexual and other risk practices during the 6 months before their diagnosis. Results Most (403/506, 79.6%) gay and bisexual men with newly diagnosed HIV infection were able to identify and describe the circumstances that likely led to their infection. Among those who were initially unable to identify possible exposure events, many could nonetheless provide sensible information that ostensibly explained their seroconversion. Free-text responses allowed men to provide more detailed and contextual information, whereas questions about the totality of their sexual behavior before diagnosis provided opportunities for men to describe their sexual risk behavior in general. Overall, 84.0% indicated having engaged in condomless anal intercourse before their HIV diagnosis, including 71.8% in the receptive position. Conclusions This study demonstrates the effectiveness of using Internet-based technologies to capture sensitive information about the circumstances in which HIV infection occurs among gay and bisexual men. By providing a range of opportunities for relaying experience, this research reveals some of the complexity in how individuals come to understand and explain their HIV infection. These findings may assist in obtaining detailed sexual history in the clinical setting.
The Contribution of School Counselors' Altruism to Their Degree of Burnout

The school counselor role embodies altruistic intention and behavior, but may lead to burnout. This study tested the hypothesized directional relationship that school counselors scoring at higher levels of altruism would have lower levels of burnout (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, personal accomplishment). The results of the statistical analyses supported the hypothesized relationship, indicating that altruism contributes to lower levels of burnout. This article discusses implications for school counselors and school counselor educators.
Glucagon and insulin have opposite effects on tissue chromium distribution in an obese mouse model

Previous studies have suggested that chromium (Cr) is an essential cofactor for normal carbohydrate metabolism and affects insulin sensitivity, especially in rodent models. Several factors, such as insulin challenge, high carbohydrate intake, and response to stress (e.g., in obesity), alter Cr excretion or distribution. Glucagon is known to regulate carbohydrate metabolism and hyperglucagonemia plays a role in the development of hyperglycemia in diabetic subjects.
Deformation of a Capsule in a Power-Law Shear Flow

An immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method is developed for fluid-structure interactions involving non-Newtonian fluids (e.g., power-law fluid). In this method, the flexible structure (e.g., capsule) dynamics and the fluid dynamics are coupled by using the immersed boundary method. The incompressible viscous power-law fluid motion is obtained by solving the lattice Boltzmann equation. The non-Newtonian rheology is achieved by using a shear rate-dependant relaxation time in the lattice Boltzmann method. The non-Newtonian flow solver is then validated by considering a power-law flow in a straight channel which is one of the benchmark problems to validate an in-house solver. The numerical results present a good agreement with the analytical solutions for various values of power-law index. Finally, we apply this method to study the deformation of a capsule in a power-law shear flow by varying the Reynolds number from 0.025 to 0.1, dimensionless shear rate from 0.004 to 0.1, and power-law index from 0.2 to 1.8. It is found that the deformation of the capsule increases with the power-law index for different Reynolds numbers and nondimensional shear rates. In addition, the Reynolds number does not have significant effect on the capsule deformation in the flow regime considered. Moreover, the power-law index effect is stronger for larger dimensionless shear rate compared to smaller values.
Independence of nitrogen supply and seed growth in soybean: studies using an in vitro culture system

The effect of N supply on soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) seed growth was investigated using an in vitro liquid culture system. Sucrose was maintained at 200 mM and N was supplied by asparagine and methionine in a 6.25 : 1 molar ratio. Media N concentrations from zero to 270 mM had little effect on cultured cotyledon dry matter accumulation rate for 7 or 14 d, but rates approached zero after 21 d when there was no N in the media. Only 17 mM N was required for maximum cotyledon growth rate up to 21 d. Cotyledon N accumulation and concentration increased in direct proportion to the N concentration in the media. The N concentration in cotyledons from a high protein genotype was higher than a normal genotype at all media N levels (0-270 mM). Soluble sugar and oil concentrations in the cotyledons were highest at zero media N and decreased as media N increased. These data suggest that the concept of seed N demand, which is thought to cause senescence in soybean, is incorrect. Soybean seeds can accumulate dry matter without accumulating N and apparently need only minimal supplies of N (17 mM) to maintain the metabolic enzymes necessary to sustain dry matter accumulation. Genetic differences in seed protein concentration seem to be regulated by the cotyledons not the supply of N.
The Bayesian bridge

We propose the Bayesian bridge estimator for regularized regression and classification. Two key mixture representations for the Bayesian bridge model are developed: a scale mixture of normal distributions with respect to an α‐stable random variable; a mixture of Bartlett–Fejer kernels (or triangle densities) with respect to a two‐component mixture of gamma random variables. Both lead to Markov chain Monte Carlo methods for posterior simulation, and these methods turn out to have complementary domains of maximum efficiency. The first representation is a well‐known result due to West and is the better choice for collinear design matrices. The second representation is new and is more efficient for orthogonal problems, largely because it avoids the need to deal with exponentially tilted stable random variables. It also provides insight into the multimodality of the joint posterior distribution, which is a feature of the bridge model that is notably absent under ridge or lasso‐type priors. We prove a theorem that extends this representation to a wider class of densities representable as scale mixtures of beta distributions, and we provide an explicit inversion formula for the mixing distribution. The connections with slice sampling and scale mixtures of normal distributions are explored. On the practical side, we find that the Bayesian bridge model outperforms its classical cousin in estimation and prediction across a variety of data sets, both simulated and real. We also show that the Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm for fitting the bridge model exhibits excellent mixing properties, particularly for the global scale parameter. This makes for a favourable contrast with analogous Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms for other sparse Bayesian models. All methods described in this paper are implemented in the R package BayesBridge. An extensive set of simulation results is provided in two on‐line supplemental files.
Representing and scheduling procedural generation using operator graphs

In this paper, we present the concept of operator graph scheduling for high performance procedural generation on the graphics processing unit (GPU). The operator graph forms an intermediate representation that describes all possible operations and objects that can arise during a specific procedural generation. While previous methods have focused on parallelizing a specific procedural approach, the operator graph is applicable to all procedural generation methods that can be described by a graph, such as L-systems, shape grammars, or stack based generation methods. Using the operator graph, we show that all partitions of the graph correspond to possible ways of scheduling a procedural generation on the GPU, including the scheduling strategies of previous work. As the space of possible partitions is very large, we describe three search heuristics, aiding an optimizer in finding the fastest valid schedule for any given operator graph. The best partitions found by our optimizer increase performance of 8 to 30x over the previous state of the art in GPU shape grammar and L-system generation.
The Impacts of Gender Discrimination, Socio-Economic Capital & University Enrollment Plans: A Case Study in Ankara Distinct

Drawing on a sample of 726 non-clinical adolescents (aged 17-18 years) from high schools in Ankara/ Turkey, this study investigated the interacting relationships between Turkish adolescents’ university plans and personal capital variables such as gender, school achievement, self-esteem, anxiety/depression, goal setting, course attendance and family atmosphere such as parental supporting, parental monitoring, parental separation and socio-economic capital variables, such as family income, parental education parental occupation, family size, and cultural capital such as parental expectations for university attendance. Findings suggest that gender, school achievement, family size, parental university expectations and preparatory courses are significant predictors for educational demands of adolescents.
Inference of S-system models of genetic networks using a cooperative coevolutionary algorithm

MOTIVATION To resolve the high-dimensionality of the genetic network inference problem in the S-system model, a problem decomposition strategy has been proposed. While this strategy certainly shows promise, it cannot provide a model readily applicable to the computational simulation of the genetic network when the given time-series data contain measurement noise. This is a significant limitation of the problem decomposition, given that our analysis and understanding of the genetic network depend on the computational simulation. RESULTS We propose a new method for inferring S-system models of large-scale genetic networks. The proposed method is based on the problem decomposition strategy and a cooperative coevolutionary algorithm. As the subproblems divided by the problem decomposition strategy are solved simultaneously using the cooperative coevolutionary algorithm, the proposed method can be used to infer any S-system model ready for computational simulation. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we apply it to two artificial genetic network inference problems. Finally, the proposed method is used to analyze the actual DNA microarray data.
Data Model Metrics

Due to the central role that conceptual data models play in the design of databases, it is crucial to assure their quality since the early phases of database life cycle. For assessing (and if it is necessary improving) conceptual data model quality it is necessary to dispose of quantitative and objective measures in order to avoid bias in the quality evaluation process. Is in this context where software measurement can help IS designers to make better decision during design activities. The main interest of this article is to provide a state of the art of measures for conceptual data models.
Hubungan Antara Gaya Belajar, Kemandirian Belajar, dan Minat Belajar dengan Hasil Belajar Biologi Siswa

The students’ learning results in Biology are influenced by two factors, namely internal and external factors. The internal factors that can influence learning results are learning style, learning independence, and learning interest. The research aims to discover the relation of learning style, learning independence and learning interest with Biology learning results of the students at SMAN 1 Tonra in Bone District.The research is ex post facto. The population of the research were the students of class IPA at SMAN 1 Tonra in Bone District of academic year 2016/2017. The samples were 194 students taken by using stratified random sampling technique. Data were collected by employing questionnaire and documentation. The data of the research were analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics techniques. The results of the research reveal that (i) the students’ learning style tends to be in visual type, (ii) the students’ learning independence is in high category, (iii) the students’ learning interest is in high category, (iv) the students’ Biology learning results is in high category, (v) there is strong relation between learning style and the students’ Biology learning results, (vi) there is fairly strong relation between learning independence and the students’ Biology learning results, (vii) there is strong relation between learning interest and the students’ Biology learning results, and (viii) there is very strong relation between learning style, learning independence, and learning interest toword Biology learning results of the students at SMAN 1 Tonra in Bone District.
A Bourdieuen analysis of learners’ expectations of sexuality education: implications for teacher education

English: Much research has been done on Sexuality Education because of the importance of this topic. In South Africa Sexuality Education forms part of the Life Orientation curriculum and falls under the personal well-being outcome (Department of Basic Education, 2008:8). Life Orientation promotes the development of skills, knowledge and attitudes that learners can use to respond to life’s challenges. Learners should be taught what sexuality is, which includes their attitudes, values and beliefs regarding this topic. They should be assisted in understanding their attitudes towards sexuality and in taking control of their sexual behaviour. School-based Sexuality Education programmes are an effective vehicle to improve young people’s sexual health through the development of sexual competence. The effectiveness of these programmes depends largely on how comfortable and confident the teacher is with sexual learning content. During training LO teachers are not equipped to teach Sexuality Education with confidence, which influences the effectiveness of Sexuality Education programmes. It is widely recognised that not enough attention is paid to Sexuality Education in tertiary institutions because there exists no mandated national curriculum for Sexuality Education. Each tertiary institution decides to what degree it wants to include Sexuality Education in its pre- service training curriculum. To improve the efficacy of Sexuality Education programmes the voices of those being taught should be heard. The most significant and relevant background to sexual behaviour are the teenagers’ own sexual beliefs, attitudes and skills. Young people should be acknowledged as good judges of what content they need. This will empower them with the ability to make positive sexual decisions. Young people want Sexuality Education to move away from a sex-negative approach to a sex- positive one. In this regard numerous studies criticise the preventative slant of sexuality programmes and appeal for programmes that take learners’ needs into consideration.
Low-cost fully integrated BiCMOS transceiver for pulsed 24-GHz automotive radar sensors

This work presents the performance of a 24-GHz transceiver for automotive short-range radar. Complying with the pulsed radar sensor requirements, this single-chip is the first silicon realization with this high-level of integration. The single-chip results were obtained at 24 GHz using a standard 0.13 mum BiCMOS SiGe 170 GHz fT featuring 1.7 V BVceo. This allows a receive path of 47 dB gain with 3 dBDSB noise figure providing a dynamic range of 31 dB. In the transmission section, 1-ns pulses modulated at 24 GHz are also obtained using an RF switch, which is able to deliver a continuous wave output power of 0 dBm.
Living Apart Together: is it an effective form of asset protection on relationship breakdown?

ABSTRACT Studies in Britain and Australia show that Living Apart Together (LAT) is a significant modern-day relationship form, accounting for 9–10% of the single adult population. For many people in LAT relationships, how their property will be divided at the end of a relationship is an important consideration; one which they would like to influence. While the general perception of those LAT is that they are free from the reach of family law when it comes to dividing assets at the end of their relationship, the situation is less clear cut from a legal position. There is a complex mix of factors to be considered when deciding whether a LAT relationship has crossed the line to become a de facto relationship with potential financial consequences. This article draws on case studies from two Australian LAT studies to provide a timely discussion of the potential financial implications for those LAT.
Gender Specific Mutation Incidence and Survival Associations in Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (CCRCC)

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is diagnosed in >200,000 individuals worldwide each year, accounting for ~2% of all cancers, but the spread of this disease amongst genders is distinctly uneven. In the U.S. the male:female incidence ratio is approximately 2:1. A potential hypothesis is mutation spectra may differ between tumors dependent upon the gender of the patient, such as mutations of X chromosome encoded genes being more prevalent in male-derived tumors. Combined analysis of three recent large-scale clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC) mutation sequencing projects identified a significantly increased mutation frequency of PBRM1 and the X chromosome encoded KDM5C in tumors from male patients and BAP1 in tumors from female patients. Mutation of BAP1 had previously been significantly associated with poorer overall survival; however, when stratified by gender, mutation of BAP1 only significantly affected overall survival in female patients. Mutation of chromatin remodeling genes alters gene regulation, but the overall effect of these alterations may also be modified by the presence of other gender specific factors. Thus, the combination of gender and mutation of a specific gene, such as BAP1, may have implications not only for prognosis but also for understanding the role of chromatin remodeling gene mutations in kidney cancer progression.
Different mechanisms of adaptation to cyclic water stress in two South Australian bread wheat cultivars

In the South Australian wheat belt, cyclic drought is a frequent event represented by intermittent periods of rainfall which can occur around anthesis and post-anthesis in wheat. Three South Australian bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, Excalibur, Kukri, and RAC875, were evaluated in one greenhouse and two growth-room experiments. In the first growth-room experiment, where plants were subjected to severe cyclic water-limiting conditions, RAC875 and Excalibur (drought-tolerant) showed significantly higher grain yield under cyclic water availability compared to Kukri (drought-susceptible), producing 44% and 18% more grain compared to Kukri, respectively. In the second growth-room experiment, where plants were subjected to a milder drought stress, the differences between cultivars were less pronounced, with only RAC875 showing significantly higher grain yield under the cyclic water treatment. Grain number per spike and the percentage of aborted tillers were the major components that affected yield under cyclic water stress. Excalibur and RAC875 adopted different morpho-physiological traits and mechanisms to reduce water stress. Excalibur was most responsive to cyclic water availability and showed the highest level of osmotic adjustment (OA), high stomatal conductance, lowest ABA content, and rapid recovery from stress under cyclic water stress. RAC875 was more conservative and restrained, with moderate OA, high leaf waxiness, high chlorophyll content, and slower recovery from stress. Within this germplasm, the capacity for osmotic adjustment was the main physiological attribute associated with tolerance under cyclic water stress which enabled plants to recover from water deficit.
Medical Representatives' Intention to Use Information Technology in Pharmaceutical Marketing

Objectives Electronic detailing (e-detailing), the use of electronic devices to facilitate sales presentations to physicians, has been adopted and expanded in the pharmaceutical industry. To maximize the potential outcome of e-detailing, it is important to understand medical representatives (MRs)' behavior and attitude to e-detailing. This study investigates how information technology devices such as laptop computers and tablet PCs are utilized in pharmaceutical marketing, and it analyzes the factors influencing MRs' intention to use devices. Methods This study has adopted and modified the theory of Roger's diffusion of innovation model and the technology acceptance model. To test the model empirically, a questionnaire survey was conducted with 221 MRs who were working in three multinational or eleven domestic pharmaceutical companies in Korea. Results Overall, 28% and 35% of MRs experienced using laptop computers and tablet PCs in pharmaceutical marketing, respectively. However, the rates were different across different groups of MRs, categorized by age, education level, position, and career. The results showed that MRs' intention to use information technology devices was significantly influenced by perceived usefulness in general. Perceived ease of use, organizational and individual innovativeness, and several MR characteristics were also found to have significant impacts. Conclusions This study provides timely information about e-detailing devices to marketing managers and policy makers in the pharmaceutical industry for successful marketing strategy development by understanding the needs of MRs' intention to use information technology. Further in-depth study should be conducted to understand obstacles and limitations and to improve the strategies for better marketing tools.