Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supersymmetric Yang-Mills quantum mechanics in various dimensions

INFN, Sezione di Pisa, and Universita di PisaE-mail:Massimo.Campostrini@df.unipi. itSupersymmetric Yang-Mills quantum mechanics (SYMQM) results from the dimensional reduc-tion of the Yang-Mills ﬁeld theory in D space-time dimensions to a single point in theD−1dimensional space. It can be also viewed as the effective quantum mechanics of zero momentummodes of the original theory [1]. These systems were ﬁrst con sideredin 80’s [2] as simple modelswith supersymmetry [3]. Independently, zero-volume ﬁeld theories (especially pure Yang-Mills)were employed as the starting point of the small volume expansion, which is an important theo-retical tool complementary to early lattice calculations [4, 5, 6]. Later the models attracted a newwave of interest after the hypothesis of the equivalence, between the D = 10,SU(∞) SYMQMand a M-theory of D0 branes [7, 8, 9, 10]. In this talk some new results obtained for the D =4 system with SU(2) gauge symmetry will bepresented.XXIIIrd International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory25-30 July 2005Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
Hypothesis-consistent testing and semantic priming in the anchoring paradigm: A selective accessibility model.

Results of four studies support the notion that anchoring effects are mediated by mechanisms of hypothesis-consistent testing and semantic priming. According to the suggested Selective Accessibility Model, judges use a hypothesis-consistent test strategy to solve a comparative anchoring task. Applying this strategy selectively increases the accessibility of anchor-consistent knowledge which is then used to generate the subsequent absolute judgment. Studies 1 and 2 demonstrate that absolute estimates depend on the hypothesis implied in the comparative task, suggesting that a hypothesis-testing strategy is used to solve this task. Study 3 shows that limiting the amount of knowledge generated for the comparative task retards absolute judgments. This suggests that knowledge rendered easily accessible in the comparative judgment is used for the subsequent absolute judgment. Finally, Study 4 suggests that self-generation of knowledge contributes to the robustness of the effect, thus resolving the seeming inconsistency that anchoring effects are at the same time remarkably robust and mediated by typically fragile semantic priming mechanisms.
Wealth Gains from Tracking Stocks: Long-Run Performance and Ex-Date Returns

We examine the long-run performance of the tracking stocks, the parent stocks, and the combined companies following the issue of tracking stock, as well as the performance of the firms prior to the tracking stock issue. Our results indicate that the long-run performance is not significantly different from benchmark portfolio returns. Investigation of the ex-date returns for firms issuing tracking stocks reveals a significant mean ex-date abnormal return of 3.12 percentage points. The results suggest that the wealth gains due to the announcement effect are permanent, and they underestimate the total wealth gains from the tracking stock issues.
Reduced Cocaine Self-Administration in Muscarinic M5 Acetylcholine Receptor-Deficient Mice

The reinforcing effects of cocaine have been related to increased extracellular concentrations of dopamine in the ventral striatum. Several studies suggest that M5 muscarinic receptors facilitate striatal dopamine release. We tested the hypothesis that the reinforcing effects of cocaine are decreased in M5 receptor-deficient mice using chronic intravenous cocaine self-administration in extensively backcrossed mice. We also assessed whether operant performance generally, rather than cocaine self-administration specifically, was altered in the mutant mice. To this end, we evaluated both food-maintained operant behavior and cocaine self-administration under a fixed ratio 1 and a progressive ratio (PR) schedule of reinforcement. We also evaluated acquisition of self-administration in experimentally naive mice using several doses of cocaine. M5 receptor deletion decreased self-administration of low to moderate doses of cocaine under a PR schedule of reinforcement and diminished acquisition of self-administration of a low dose in experimentally naive mice. We found no differences between genotypes in food-maintained behavior. The present study extends our previous findings using backcrossed mice and covering various experimental conditions. Our results indicate that M5 receptor deletion diminished the reinforcing effects of low doses of cocaine and identified specific conditions under which this may be observed.
Gating of Long-Term Potentiation by Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptors at the Cerebellum Input Stage

The brain needs mechanisms able to correlate plastic changes with local circuit activity and internal functional states. At the cerebellum input stage, uncontrolled induction of long-term potentiation or depression (LTP or LTD) between mossy fibres and granule cells can saturate synaptic capacity and impair cerebellar functioning, which suggests that neuromodulators are required to gate plasticity processes. Cholinergic systems innervating the cerebellum are thought to enhance procedural learning and memory. Here we show that a specific subtype of acetylcholine receptors, the α7-nAChRs, are distributed both in cerebellar mossy fibre terminals and granule cell dendrites and contribute substantially to synaptic regulation. Selective α7-nAChR activation enhances the postsynaptic calcium increase, allowing weak mossy fibre bursts, which would otherwise cause LTD, to generate robust LTP. The local microperfusion of α7-nAChR agonists could also lead to in vivo switching of LTD to LTP following sensory stimulation of the whisker pad. In the cerebellar flocculus, α7-nAChR pharmacological activation impaired vestibulo-ocular-reflex adaptation, probably because LTP was saturated, preventing the fine adjustment of synaptic weights. These results show that gating mechanisms mediated by specific subtypes of nicotinic receptors are required to control the LTD/LTP balance at the mossy fibre-granule cell relay in order to regulate cerebellar plasticity and behavioural adaptation.
Three-Dimensional Beamforming: A new enabling technology for 5G wireless networks

It is anticipated that the mobile data traffic will grow 1,000 times higher from 2010 to 2020 with a rate of roughly a factor of two per year. This increasing demand for data in next-generation mobile broadband networks will lead to many challenges for system engineers and service providers. To address these issues and meet the stringent demands in coming years, innovative and practical solutions should be identified that are able to provide higher spectral efficiency, better performance, and broader coverage. Next generations of wireless cellular networks, which are known as fifth generation (5G) or beyond fourth generation (B4G) wireless networks, are expected to produce higher data rates for mobile subscribers in the order of tens of gigabits per second (Gbit/s) and support a wide range of services. Despite the absence of official standards for the 5G, the data rate of 1 Gbit/s per user anywhere for 5G mobile networks is expected to be deployed beyond 2020.
Evolving and Optimizing Braitenberg Vehicles by Means of Evolution Strategies

This paper presents a practical application of the evolution strategy to the evolution and optimization of Braitenberg vehicles. Braitenberg vehicles are a special class of autonomous agents. Autonomous agents are embodied systems that behave in the real world without any human control. One major goal of research on autonomous agents is to study intelligence as the result of a system environment interaction, rather than understanding intelligence on a computational level. Braitenberg vehicles are controlled by a number of parameters, which are mostly determined by hand in a trial and error process. This paper shows that a simple evolution strategy evolves Braitenberg vehicles very eeciently. Other research has used genetic algorithms for very similar tasks. A comparison of both approaches shows that the evolution strategy approach is much faster; the evolution strategy approach takes about one and a half hours, whereas the genetic algorithm approach takes more than two and a half days. Since autonomous agents are very important in the eld of new AI, the results presented in this paper suggest that this research eld should spend more attention to evolution strategies.
Some Arithmetic Aggregation Operators with Intuitionistic Trapezoidal Fuzzy Numbers and Their Application to Group Decision Making

Methods for aggregating intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy information are investigated. Some operational laws of intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy numbers are introduced. Based on these operational laws, some aggregation operators, including intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy ordered weighted averaging (ITFOWA) operator and intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy hybrid aggregation (ITFHA) operator, are proposed. Properties of these intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy information aggregation operators are also analyzed. An approach to multiple attribute group decision making (MAGDM) with intuitionistic trapezoidal fuzzy information is developed based on the ITFWAA and the ITFHA operators. Finally, an illustrative example is given to verify the developed approach and to demonstrate its practicality and effectiveness.
Essays on Macro-Finance Relationships

of The Dissertation Essays on Macro-Finance Relationships by Azamat Abdymomunov Doctor of Philosophy in Economics Washington University in St. Louis, 2010 Professor James Morley, Chair In my dissertation, I study relationships between macroeconomics and financial markets. In particular, I empirically investigate the links between key macroeconomic indicators, such as output, inflation, and the business cycle, and the pricing of financial assets. The dissertation comprises three essays. The first essay investigates how the entire term structure of interest rates is influenced by regime-shifts in monetary policy. To do so, we develop and estimate an arbitrage-free dynamic term-structure model which accounts for regime shifts in monetary policy, volatility, and the price of risk. Our results for U.S. data from 1985-2008 indicate that (i) the Fed’s reaction to inflation has changed over time, switching between “more active” and “less active” monetary policy regimes, (ii) the yield curve in the “more active” regime was considerably more volatile than in the “less active” regime, and (iii) on average, the slope of the yield curve in the “more active” regime was steeper than in the “less active” regime. The steeper yield curve in the “more active” regime reflects higher term premia that result from the risk associated with a more volatile future short-term rate given a more sensitive response to inflation. This essay is a joint work with Kyu Ho Kang
Deicer Impacts on Pavement Materials: Introduction and Recent Developments

A review of the impacts of deicers used in winter maintenance practices of Portland cement concrete and as- phalt concrete roadways and airport pavements is presented. Traditional and relatively new deicers are incorporated in this review, including sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, calcium magnesium acetate, potassium acetate, potassium formate, sodium acetate, and sodium formate. The detrimental effects of deicers on Portland cement concrete exist through three main pathways: 1) physical deterioration such as "salt scaling"; 2) chemical reactions between deicers and cement paste (a cation-oriented process, especially in the presence of magnesium chloride and calcium chloride); and 3) deicers aggrevating aggregate-cement reactions (such as the anion-oriented process in the case of chlorides, acetates, and formates affecting alkali-silica reactivity and the cation-oriented process in the case of calcium chloride and magne- sium chloride affecting alkali-carbonate reactivity). The deicer impacts on asphalt concrete pavements had been relatively mild until acetate- and formate-based deicers were introduced in recent years. The damaging mechanism seems to be a combination of chemical reactions, emulsifications and distillations, as well as the generation of additional stress in the asphalt concrete.
Maintenance, Utilization, and Depreciation along the Business Cycle

In this paper we look at the behaviour of maintenance, utilization and physical depreciation over the business cycle. We do so within the context of a real business cycle model where the decisions of firms about physical capital utilization, maintenance, and improvement or scrapping are endogenous. We distinguish between labour input devoted to output production and labour input devoted to maintaining and improving or scrapping existing capital. Firms must first decide the total number of work hours and then how to allocate workers between output production and capital maintenance. The model encompasses the baseline real business cycle model, where the depreciation rate is fixed, or versions of that model where the depreciation rate is an exogenous stochastic process. It also encompasses versions of the real business cycle model where capital utilization is an explicit endogenous variable or enters implicitly a variable work effort. Our model is capable of providing a unified explanation of several stylized facts of business cycle behaviour, including (a) a low correlation between labour productivity and output, (b) a low correlation between wages and productivity and (c) a relatively strong correlation between real wages and hours worked. Making the business cycle propagation richer reduces the variance of the Solow residual needed to match output volatility.
ITERATIVE FEEDFORWARD TUNING APPROACH AND EXPERIMENTAL VERIFICATION FOR NANO-PRECISION MOTION SYSTEMS

Feedforward control can significantly improve the performance of industrial motion systems through compensation of the servo error induced by the reference signal. Recently, new feedforward tuning algorithms have been proposed that exploit measured data from previous tasks and a suitable feedforward parametrization to attain high servo performance. The aim of this paper is to formulate a design procedure for motion feedforward tuning. Experimental results on an industrial motion system illustrate the improvement in servo performance obtained by means of the proposed tuning procedure.
Behavioral Neuroscience

designed to include opportunity for exploration, risk assessment, risk taking, shelter seeking, and approach and avoidance behavior in rodents. Unlike many traditional tests the MCSF test is not designed to provide information relevant for a particular mental condition, e.g., anxiety. Instead, the test situation involves a free choice of different environmental settings and items that provide the opportunity to detect essential features of the animal's mentality. In this way a behavioral profile is generated in one and the same test situation (Meyerson et al. In a battery combining the MCSF, open field and elevated plus maze tests, the MCSF test was found to be the most sensitive to previous experience and should be performed as the first test in order to eliminate the risk of carry over effects (Augustsson, 2004). Furthermore, the multivariate design of the MCSF generates more information than the open field and elevated plus maze tests, alone or in combination (Augustsson, 2004; Roman et al., 2007; Roman and Colombo, 2009), which suggests that the MCSF can be used as the sole test. In previous studies we have established a MS protocol including short (15 min; MS15) and prolonged (360 min; MS360) periods of daily MS and demonstrated short-and long-term alterations in neurobiology and voluntary ethanol intake in rats subjected to the different rearing conditions In these MS studies, the MCSF test was utilized to characterize behavioral profiles in the offspring previously subjected to MS15 and MS360 (Roman et al., 2006). The aim of this study was to extend the use of the MCSF test to
Hedonomics: Bridging Decision Research With Happiness Research

One way to increase happiness is to increase the objective levels of external outcomes; another is to improve the presentation and choices among external outcomes without increasing their objective levels. Economists focus on the first method. We advocate the second, which we call hedonomics. Hedonomics studies (a) relationships between presentations (how a given set of out-comes are arranged among themselves or relative to other outcomes) and happiness and (b) relationships between choice (which option among alternative options one chooses) and happiness.
Knowledge Transfer for Engagement and Inclusion: Nonprofit Organizations Striving forMission Fulfillment

The organizations analyzed in the paper, are public serving nonprofit organizations. Empirical evidence is based on the (earlier and present) research of the research team of the University of Pecs Hungary. Earlier research involves the European Capital of Culture project, the recent research, interviews in connection with professionalization of the nonprofit sector. Both the results of the EU surveys and the author’s own research show that education and training opportunities for volunteers regularly depend on the tasks that have to be carried out by them. Training is basically provided by the nonprofit organization where the volunteer helps with his skills and knowledge, and also works as a knowledge transferor between nonprofit organization and public.
Effects of government R&D on private R&D investment and productivity: a macroeconomic analysis

This article examines the effects of different government expenditures for R&D on private R&D spending and on private sector productivity. Results are consistent with the hypothesis that $1.00 of government contract R&D performed in industry induced about $. 27 of private R&D expenditure. Weak indications are obtained that government-funded R&D done in government and in universities also influenced private R&D positively. Overhead reimbursement of government contractors for R&D, however, apparently reduced private R&D outlays. A positive effect of the stock of government contract R&D on private sector productivity is estimated, but it is smaller and statistically weaker than the effect of private R&D capital.
A sociological theory of corporate finance: Societal responsibility and cost of equity in China

Purpose – The paper aims to investigate the relationship between social responsibility and equity in China. In the process, the authors utilize data on corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports (in particular, information disclosure) and equity capital (focusing on cost). The overarching hypothesis may be phrased simply as: is CSR reporting rewarded by the capital market in China? Design/methodology/approach – The data of 3,012 list corporations in China securities are used and 1,015 CSR report quality scores (Rankins CSR Ratings) are hand-gathered from HEXUN (Web site) and utilized in the process of developing the model; financial and stock market information is obtained from the Wind database and the China Stock Market and Accounting Research database. Findings – The authors’ results suggest that overall the quality of CSR report is strongly, negatively related with the cost of capital: the higher the quality of social responsibility information disclosure, the lower the cost of equity capital. Most.
A practical approach for an introductory control engineering course

A methodology of the organization of practical classes of Control Systems course is presented in this paper. There are several voices in the community of educators and researchers over the benefits of using software simulation tools comparing the classical ones for implementing laboratory classes in engineering education curriculum. The aim of this approach is to make the students see the relation between theoretical concepts, MATLAB representations and physical circuits that can be used to implement compensators.
School, What is it Good for? Useful Human Capital and the History of Public Education in Central Europe

The rise of education has featured prominently in the debate on the sources of modern long-term economic growth. Existing accounts stress the positive role of public education and the importance of political support for its provision. We argue that such an explanation for the spread of schooling is probably a poor fit for many nations' schooling histories and provide an example, using detailed data on schooling supply from the Habsburg Empire. We show that while economic development made schooling more affordable and widespread, the politics of demand for schools was not motivated by expectations of economic development but by the ongoing conflict between nationalities within the Empire. We find that public schools offered practically zero return education on the margin, yet they did enjoy significant political and financial support from local political elites, if they taught in the "right" language of instruction. Our results suggest that, for some countries at least, the main link, historically, went from economic development to public schooling, not the other way round.
Transport properties of solitons.

We calculate in this article the transport coefficients which characterize the dynamics of solitons in quantum field theory using the methods of dissipative quantum systems. We show how the damping and diffusion coefficients of soliton-like excitations can be calculated using the integral functional formalism. The model obtained in this article has new features which cannot be obtained in the standard models of dissipation in quantum mechanics.
The Effect of Exercise on Prevention of the Common Cold: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trial Studies

Background Because there is no specific treatment for the common cold, many previous studies have focused on prevention of the common cold. There were some studies reporting that regular, moderate-intensity exercise increases immunity and prevents the common cold. We conducted a meta-analysis to determine the effects of exercise on prevention of the common cold. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), CINAHL for studies released through June 2013. We manually searched the references. Two authors independently extracted the data. To assess the risk of bias of included literature, Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias was used. Review Manager ver. 5.2 (RevMan, Cochrane Collaboration) was used for statistical analysis. Results Four randomized controlled trials were identified. A total of 281 participants, 134 in the exercise group and 147 in the control group, were included. The effect of exercise on the prevention of the common cold had a relative risk (RR) of 0.73 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.56 to 0.95; I2 = 7%). The mean difference of mean illness days between exercise group and control group was -3.50 (95% CI, -6.06 to -0.94; I2 = 93%). In the subgroup analysis, the RR of under 16 weeks exercise was 0.79 (95% CI, 0.58 to 1.08). Conclusion In this meta-analysis, regular, moderate-intensity exercise may have an effect on the prevention of the common cold. But numbers of included studies and participants were too small and quality of included studies was relatively poor. Subsequent well-designed studies with larger sample size are needed to clarify the association.
Income Effects and the Value of Health

Although valuations of risk should increase with income, hedonic wage studies have not been well suited to assessing this relationship. Using survey data on consumer valuations of product safety, this paper analyzes the role of income effects for several utility functions. The methodology developed in this paper assesses the effect of income on the certainty equivalent value of the health effect (income elasticities range from 0.18 to 0.39) and on the risk-money tradeoff for small changes in risk (income elasticities range from 0.17 to 0.38). Health status is a normal economic good.