Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Implementation of an In-House Innovation Learning Project

This paper reports on activities and results of a partnership approach to an in-house innovation learning project (ILP) that sought to leave a legacy of skills, expertise and experience to be retained and repeated in-house for participating owner-managed Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs). The project was geared at enhancing the competency, absorptive capacity, innovation capability, and technology transfer and licensing opportunities through engaging in activities that increased innovation capacity and organisational efficiency. The inclusion of activities for organisational efficiency was due to the fact that several SMEs in the eligible region did not have the preconditioned robust business foundations to effectively engage and harness the advantages of innovation. The project’s implementation took place between 2010 and 2013 and involved 90 owner-managed SMEs in three cohorts and three regions. These SMEs employed between six to 144 employees from various industrial sectors. Innovation consultants were contracted as facilitators, aided by specialist academics, in 12 half-day company sessions over a 12-month period in a hands-on ‘learning by doing’ customised process. This was also complemented by off-site practical learning workshops in innovation and skills development of three key people from each company, including the owner-manager. The paper tests and confirms significant improvements in sales, gross and net profits, innovation capacity, innovation skills and general business skills. A positive and significant relationship is also observed between sales turnover and the outputs of the innovation project.
Voltage-sensing phosphatase modulation by a C2 domain

The voltage-sensing phosphatase (VSP) is the first example of an enzyme controlled by changes in membrane potential. VSP has four distinct regions: the transmembrane voltage-sensing domain (VSD), the inter-domain linker, the cytosolic catalytic domain, and the C2 domain. The VSD transmits the changes in membrane potential through the inter-domain linker activating the catalytic domain which then dephosphorylates phosphatidylinositol phosphate (PIP) lipids. The role of the C2, however, has not been established. In this study, we explore two possible roles for the C2: catalysis and membrane-binding. The Ci-VSP crystal structures show that the C2 residue Y522 lines the active site suggesting a contribution to catalysis. When we mutated Y522 to phenylalanine, we found a shift in the voltage dependence of activity. This suggests hydrogen bonding as a mechanism of action. Going one step further, when we deleted the entire C2 domain, we found voltage-dependent enzyme activity was no longer detectable. This result clearly indicates the entire C2 is necessary for catalysis as well as for modulating activity. As C2s are known membrane-binding domains, we tested whether the VSP C2 interacts with the membrane. We probed a cluster of four positively charged residues lining the top of the C2 and suggested by previous studies to interact with phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2] (Kalli et al., 2014). Neutralizing those positive charges significantly shifted the voltage dependence of activity to higher voltages. We tested membrane binding by depleting PI(4,5)P2 from the membrane using the 5HT2C receptor and found that the VSD motions as measured by voltage clamp fluorometry (VCF) were not changed. These results suggest that if the C2 domain interacts with the membrane to influence VSP function it may not occur exclusively through PI(4,5)P2. Together, this data advances our understanding of the VSP C2 by demonstrating a necessary and critical role for the C2 domain in VSP function.
Faktor-faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Struktur Modal Pada Industri Manufaktur Di Bursa Efek Indonesia

The study’s purpose is to acknowledge the factors that influence the company’s capital structure. The samples are manufactures industries in Indonesian Stock Exchange for the period of 2005 up to 2008. Independent variables in this study included size, tangibility, profitability, liquidity, growth, non-debt tax shield, age and investment, whereas dependent variable is capital structure. With using purposive sampling, the total of sample in this study is 40 companies of manufactures industries. Data analysis model is multiple regression. Based on t-test, the results of the size, tangibility, profitability, liquidity, growth, dan age affect the capital structure. But the result of non-debt tax shield and invest-ment has not found significant affect the capital structure. This result indicates that the company’s management has to consider size, tangibility, profitability, liquidity, growth, dan age in capital structure decision
Individual fMRI maps of all phalanges and digit bases of all fingers in human primary somatosensory cortex

This study determined the individual maps of all fingers in Brodmann area 3b of the human primary somatosensory cortex in a single fMRI session by tactile stimulation at 19 sites across all phalanges and digit bases of the 5 right-hand digits. To quantify basic features of the digit maps within and across subjects, we applied standard descriptive measures, but also implemented a novel quantitative analysis. This so-called Direction/Order (DiOr) method tested whether subjects exhibited an ordering of peak fMRI representations along their individual direction of alignment through the set of analyzed phalanges and whether these individual directions were similar across subjects. Across-digit analysis demonstrated that for each set of homologous phalanges, the D5-to-D1 representations were successively represented along a common direction of alignment. Hence, the well-known mediolateral D5-to-D1 somatotopy was not only confirmed for the distal phalanges (p1), but could also be shown for the medial (p2) and proximal phalanges (p3). In contrast, the peak activation for the digit bases (p4) only partly elicited that digit succession. Complementary, intra-digit analysis revealed a divergent picture of map topography for the different digits. Within D5 (and in a trend: D4), an ordered p1-to-p3 succession was found across subjects, pointing to a consistent intra-digit somatotopy for D5, with p3 generally found medial-posterior to p1. In contrast, for D1, D2, and D3, most subjects did not present with ordered p1-to-p3 maps nor were directions of alignment similarly oriented between subjects. These digits therefore exhibited highly diverse representation patterns across subjects.
Earnings Management by Changing R&D Expenditure: Evidence on the Role of CEO Stock Compensation

This paper examines whether the payment of a higher portion of stock relative to cash compensation for CEOs mitigates earnings management through R&D expenditure. Results using a sample of 7,246 firm-year observations of US corporations during 1992-2001 show that CEOs are more likely to cut R&D expenditure to avoid decreases in reported earnings (i) when the cash portion of their compensation is greater than the stock portion and (ii) when the cash portion relative to the stock portion is increased over a period of time. Results also show that the positive association between cash-based compensation and R&D reduction is stronger in firms with CEOs who also serve as board chairman (CEO dominance).
Entropy Adaptive On-Line Compression

Self-Organization is based on adaptivity. Adaptivity should start with the very basic fundamental communication tasks such as encoding the information to be transmitted or stored. Obviously, the less signal transmitted the less energy in transmission used. In this paper we present a novel on-line and entropy adaptive compression scheme for streaming unbounded length inputs. The scheme extends the window dictionary Lempel-Ziv compression, is adaptive and is tailored to on-line compress inputs with non stationary entropy. Specifically, the window dictionary size is changed in an adaptive manner to fit the current best compression rate for the input. On-line Entropy Adaptive Compression scheme (EAC), that is introduced and analyzed in this paper, examines all possible sliding window sizes over the next input portion to choose the optimal window size for this portion, a size that implies the best compression ratio. The size found is then used in the actual compression of this portion. We suggest an adaptive encoding scheme, which optimizes the parameters block by block, and base the compression performance on the optimality proof of Lempel Ziv algorithm when applied to blocks. The EAC scheme was tested over files of different types (docx, ppt, jpeg, xls) and over synthesized files that were generated as segments of homogeneous Markov Chains. Our experiments demonstrate that the EAC scheme typically provides a higher compression ratio than LZ77 does, when examined in the scope of on-line per-block compression of transmitted (or compressed) files.
Climatological aspects of the extreme European rainfall of August 2002 and a trajectory method for estimating the associated evaporative source regions

Abstract. During the first half of August 2002, a sequence of extreme precipitation episodes affected many regions of central and southern Europe, culminating in one of the most severe flooding events ever experienced along sections of the river Elbe and its tributaries. In this paper, the synoptic meteorological situation during the primary flooding event, 11-13 August 2002, and its recent background is illustrated and discussed. Then, backward trajectory modelling of water vapour transport is employed to determine the sources and transport pathways of the moisture which rained out during the event. The Lagrangian trajectory model FLEXTRA is used together with high resolution operational meteorological analyses from the ECMWF to track a very large number of trajectories, initialized in a dense three-dimensional grid array over the extreme rainfall region. Specific humidity changes along each trajectory are mapped out to yield source-receptor relationships between evaporation and subsequent precipitation for the event. Regions of significant surface evaporation of moisture which later rained out were determined to be parts of the Aegean and Ligurian Seas during the initial stages of the event, while strong evaporation from eastern European land surfaces and from the Black Sea became dominant later on. The method also provides precipitation estimates based solely on specific humidity changes along Lagrangian airmass trajectories, which can be compared to ECMWF model forecast precipitation estimates.
Bargaining by Children

We study the development of bargaining behavior in children age seven through 18, using ultimatum and dictator games. We find that bargaining behavior changes substantially with age and that most of this change appears to be related to changes in preferences for fairness, rather than bargaining ability. Younger children make and accept smaller ultimatum proposals than do older children, Even young children are quite strategic in their behavior, making much smaller dictator than ultimatum proposals. Boys claim to be more aggressive bargainers than girls do, but they are not. Older girls make larger dictator proposals than older boys, but among younger children the proposals differ much more by height than by sex. We argue that the existence of systematic differences in bargaining behavior across age and sex supports the argument that culture is a determinant of economic behavior, and suggests that people acquire this culture during childhood. We argue that the height differences indicate that forces other than culture, in the usual sense of the word, are also important.
The Impact of Sexual Abuse in Patients Undergoing Colonoscopy

Background Sexual abuse has been linked to strong effects on gastrointestinal health. Colonoscopy can provoke intense emotional reactions in patients with a sexual abuse history and may lead to avoidance of endoscopic procedures. Objective To determine whether care around colonoscopy needs adjustment for patients with sexual abuse experience, thereby exploring targets for the improvement of care around colonoscopic procedures. Methods Questionnaires were mailed to patients (n = 1419) from two centers within 11 months after colonoscopy. Differences in experience of the colonoscopy between patients with and without a sexual abuse history were assessed and patients' views regarding physicians' inquiry about sexual abuse and care around endoscopic procedures were obtained. Results A total of 768 questionnaires were analyzed. The prevalence of sexual abuse was 3.9% in male and 9.5% in female patients. Patients born in a non-western country reported more sexual abuse (14.9%) than those born in a western country (6.3%; p = 0.008). Discomfort during colonoscopy was indicated on a scale from 0 to 10, mean distress score of patients with sexual abuse was 4.8(±3.47) compared to 3.5(±3.11) in patients without a sexual abuse history (p = 0.007). Abdominal pain was a predictor for higher distress during colonoscopy (β = −0.019 (SE = 0.008); p = 0.02, as well as the number of complaints indicated as reason for colonoscopy (β = 0.738 (SE = 0.276); p = 0.008). Of patients with sexual abuse experience, 53.8% believed gastroenterologists should ask about it, 43.4% said deeper sedation during colonoscopy would diminish the distress. Conclusions Sexual abuse is prevalent in patients presenting for colonoscopy. Patients with a sexual abuse history experience more distress during the procedure and indicate that extra attention around and during colonoscopy may diminish this distress.
COSMOLOGICAL STUDIES WITH RADIO GALAXIES AND SUPERNOVAE

Physical sizes of extended radio galaxies can be employed as a cosmological “standard ruler,” using a previously developed method. Eleven new radio galaxies are added to our previous sample of 19 sources, forming a sample of 30 objects with redshifts between 0 and 1.8. This sample of radio galaxies are used to obtain the best-fit cosmological parameters in a quintessence model in a spatially flat universe, a cosmological constant model that allows for nonzero space curvature, and a rolling scalar field model in a spatially flat universe. Results obtained with radio galaxies are compared with those obtained with different supernova samples, and with combined radio galaxy and supernova samples. Results obtained with different samples are consistent, suggesting that neither method is seriously affected by systematic errors. Best-fit radio galaxy and supernovae model parameters determined in the different cosmological models are nearly identical, and are used to determine dimensionless coordinate distances to supernovae and radio galaxies, and distance moduli to the radio galaxies. The distance moduli to the radio galaxies can be combined with supernovae samples to increase the number of sources, particularly high-redshift sources, in the samples. The constraints obtained here with the combined radio galaxy plus supernovae dataset in the rolling scalar field model are quite strong. The best-fit parameter values suggest that Ωm is less than about 0.35, and the model parameter α is close to zero; that is, a cosmological constant provides a good description of the data. We also obtain new constraints on the physics of engines that power the large-scale radio emission. The equation that describes the predicted size of each radio source is controlled by one model parameter, β, which parameterizes the extraction of energy from the black hole. Joint fits of radio galaxy and supernova samples indicate a best-fit value of β that is very close to a special value for which the relationship between the braking magnetic field strength and the properties of the spinning black hole is greatly simplified, and the braking magnetic field strength depends only upon the spin angular momentum per unit mass and the gravitational radius of the black hole. The best-fit value of β of 1.5 indicates that the beam power Lj and the initial spin energy of the black hole E are related by Lj ∝ E2, and that the relationship that might naively be expected for an Eddington limited system, Lj ∝ E, is quite clearly ruled out for the jets in these systems.
ARE HOPELESSNESS, DEMOGRAPHIC AND CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SUICIDAL ATTEMPTS BEING A CUE OF A NEW ATTEMPT?

Bacground: This study aimed the relationship between some demographic and clinical characteristics of suicide attempt with hopelessness, distressing life events prior to the attempt in individuals who attempted suicide and compares the outcomes with healthy volunteers with respect to several sociodemographic variables. Methods: We applied the Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I), the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), the Beck Anxiety Scale (BAS), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), the Scale for Suicide Ideation, the Suicidal Behavior Scale, the Life Events List in 50 patients who attempted suicide and 52 healthy volunteers. Results: Twenty seven patients (54%) had a suicide plan before the attempt, and 32 patients (64%) shared this plan with their immediate environment. Of these patients, 22 (44%) reported that they still had suicidal thought, and 23 (46%) reported that the stressor life event still continued. The scores of Hopelessness Scale and its subscales were significantly higher in the suicide group both with and without depression compared to the control group. Conclusion: It was concluded to be important to follow up suicidal thoughts, negative life events and hopelessness in patients who attempted suicide or at a risk of suicide attempt.
Evaluation of manufacturing tolerance using a statistical method and experimentation

This paper proposes a study of a milling process planning to determine the tolerancing for manufacturing using statistical tool. The deviation between the machined surface and the surface corresponding to the nominal one due to combined errors is expressed in terms of the small displacement torsor parameters. These parameters are considered as random variables, displacements are expresses as variances. Experimentation is realised on a set of manufactured parts which consists of measuring various defects on machine-tool. The experimental results and the simulation results are compared in this paper. (Received in March 2011, accepted in August 2011. This paper was with the authors 1 month for 1 revision.)
CYP17 genotype predicts serum hormone levels among pre-menopausal women.

BACKGROUND CYP17, which encodes cytochrome P450c17alpha, mediates both steroid 17alpha-hydroxylase and 17,20-lyase activities, and is essential for the production of glucocorticoids and sex steroids. There is evidence that a common polymorphism in CYP17 (T27C) is associated with estrogen levels, making it a potential marker of disease risk. METHODS This is the first study to examine the relationship between CYP17 and estradiol (E2) using serum sampled exclusively from the early follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. We assessed the relationship between CYP17 and serum hormone levels, menstrual cycle length, bleed length, and age at menarche in 164 pre-menopausal women. RESULTS Among women with body mass index (BMI) < or =25 kg/m2, those with the TC and CC genotypes had 19 and 42% higher E2 (P for trend 0.007) and 14 and 30% higher dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate respectively (P for trend 0.10) than women with the TT genotype. Androstenedione levels did not differ between genotypes. Among women with BMI >25 kg/m2, hormone levels did not differ by genotype. Women with the C allele were also more likely to have menstrual cycle lengths <27 days [odds ratio (OR) for TC=2.36, 95% confidence interval (CI)=1.24-4.52; OR for CC=5.59, 95% CI=1.53-20.43 compared to TT]. CYP17 genotype was not associated with menstrual bleed length or age at menarche. CONCLUSION The CYP17 T27C polymorphism may be a marker of endocrine function.
Economic Crisis and Wage Divergence: Empirical Evidence from Romania

This paper addresses the question of convergence in real wages across Romanian counties, while putting a spotlight on the recent economic crisis, which has hit hard the entire economy. Following the main methodological trends in the literature, convergence methods were applied using the traditional cross-section approach. The empirical analysis covering a 21-year period provided clear evidence in favour of β-convergence, but indicated σ-divergence (Galton’s fallacy). Wages’ dispersion seems to rise during the economic crises and persists in the first stage of recovery as well. This finding provides support to Barro and Sala-i-Martin’s theory on the temporary divergence effect induced by economic shocks.
Contextual Variables in Career Development 1 Career-related Parent Support and Career Barriers: a Closer Look at Contextual Variables College Self-efficacy and Outcome Expectations: a Closer Look at Contextual Variables College Self-efficacy and College Outcome Expectations

examined how the person and contextual variables of gender, ethnicity/race, barriers and career-related parent supportrelated to college self-efficacy and college outcome expectations for incoming first year college students. Results revealed that career-related parent support accounted for a significant portion of the variance for perceptions of barriers, coping efficacy with barriers, college self-efficacy, and college outcome expectations. Sex differences emerged as women, as compared to men, perceived significantly higher levels of career barriers but similar levels of coping efficacy in dealing with these barriers. In addition, females reported receiving more instrumental assistance, verbal encouragement, and emotional support from parents than their male peers. No significant differences on perceived barriers were reported by ethnicity/race, but an interaction between ethnicity/race and gender revealed that Asian men reported greater levels of perceived career barriers than Caucasian men. While much attention has been given to the person factors affecting college students' career development, more information is needed about the role of contextual variables (Lent, Brown, & Hackett, 2000). A useful vehicle for studying both person and contextual variables and their relationship to college students' career development is the Social Cognitive Career Theory (SCCT). The SCCT represents a model of person and contextual factors theorized to predict academic and career interests, choices, and persistence, as well as success in achieving academic noted the need to explore the role of perceived barriers as well as career support from such social influences as parents, and they have called for future research to address the contribution of these contextual forces on students' career development. Career related parent support has been linked to important career outcomes for adolescents, such as career-related task self-efficacy (Turner et al., 2003), and may also contribute to young adults' career development. Further, perceived barriers have been hypothesized to interfere with the pursuit of a particular career path despite strong self-efficacy and outcome expectations (Brown & Lent, 1996). Therefore, career-related support and perceived barriers are contextual variables worthy of further investigation.This study heeds the call put forth by Flores et al. (2008) to bring further attention to contextual forces in the SCCT model by highlightingcareer-related parent support as it relates to the additional contextual variables of perceptions of barriers and self-efficacy for coping with perceived barriers. Furthermore, career-related parent support will be examined in relation to college self-efficacy and college outcome expectations to explore whether parental influences on career outcomes continue into adulthood. Based on prior research …