Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The CAEP Standards and Research on Educator Preparation Programs: Linking Clinical Partnerships With Program Impact

Responding to the challenge of more rigorous and outcome-oriented program evaluation criteria of the Council for the Accreditation of Educator Preparation (CAEP), authors take a critical look at the intersection of two standards: Clinical Partnerships and Practice (Standard 2) and Program Impact (Standard 4). Illustrating one aspect of a secondary education teacher preparation program, authors consider how clinical partnerships can be designed in light of these standards to have a positive impact on P-12 student learning. Focusing on the program evaluation framework, authors describe a spectrum of diverse formative and summative growth measures that document the scope of impact for all stakeholders, including students. In light of the Feuer, Floden, Chudowsky, and Ahn (2013) questioning framework, authors assess program outcomes. In closing, the authors (a) conclude that comprehensive evaluation models are needed to document complex outcomes, which will make program impact more visible and measureable; (b) recommend using the Feuer et al. decision-making framework to initiate and guide programmatic design and evaluation model development; and (c) affirm CAEP's expectations—clinical partnerships go beyond positive relationships, coselection of mentor teachers and candidates, and commitment to diverse settings to ensuring P-12 student achievement—as attainable goals for educator preparation accreditation.
Computer-Mediated Collaborative Learning: An Empirical Evaluation

National commissions and scholarly reports on the status of contemporary higher education have frequently been critical of the college experience; the emphasis on transmitting fixed bodies of information and a failure to develop problem solving and critical thinking skills have been cited as serious weaknesses in higher education systems. Colleges and universities have additional reasons to redevelop central pedagogies for students. Individuals need to learn at higher rates of effectiveness and efficiency than ever before because of rapidly growing bodies of relevant information and the escalation of knowledge and skill requirements for most jobs.Recent developments incomputer hardware, software, and communication technologies create exciting new opportunities for the educational use of these technologies. The objective of this study is to go beyond the traditional classroom instructional modesl (e.g., lectures and class discussions) to develop and evaluate computer-supported pedagogical approaches. More specifically, this study investigates whether the use of a group decision support system (GDSS) in a collaborative learning process enhances student learning and evaluation of classroom experiences.The findings of a study involving 127 MBA students indicate that GDSS-supported collaborative learning leads to higher levels of perceived skill development, self-reported learning, and evaluation of classroom experience in comparison with non-GDSS supported collaborative learning. Furthermore, the final test grades of the group of students who were exposed to GDSS-supported collaborative learning were significantly higher than those of the other groups of students who participated in the experiment.
The Complexity of Equivalence Relations

To determine if two given lists of numbers are the same set, we would sort both lists and see if we get the same result. The sorted list is a canonical form for the equivalence relation of set equality. Other canonical forms for equivalences arise in graph isomorphism and its variants, and the equality of permutation groups given by generators. To determine if two given graphs are cospectral, however, we compute their characteristic polynomials and see if they are the same; the characteristic polynomial is a complete invariant for the equivalence relation of cospectrality. This is weaker than a canonical form, and it is not known whether a canonical form for cospectrality exists. Note that it is a priori possible for an equivalence relation to be decidable in polynomial time without either a complete invariant or canonical form. Blass and Gurevich (“Equivalence relations, invariants, and normal forms, I and II”, 1984) ask whether these conditions on equivalence relations – having an FP canonical form, having an FP complete invariant, and simply being in P – are in fact different. They showed that this question requires non-relativizing techniques to resolve. Here we extend their results using generic oracles, and give new connections to probabilistic and quantum computation. We denote the class of equivalence problems in P by PEq, the class of problems with complete FP invariants Ker, and the class with FP canonical forms CF; CF ⊆ Ker ⊆ PEq, and we ask whether these inclusions are proper. If x ∼ y implies |y| ≤ poly(|x|), we say that ∼ is polynomially bounded; we denote the corresponding classes of equivalence relation CFp, Kerp, and PEqp. Our main results are: • If CF = PEq then NP = UP = RP and thus PH = BPP; • If CF = Ker then NP = UP, PH = ZPP NP , integers can be factored in probabilistic polynomial time, and deterministic collision-free hash functions do not exist;
Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory Networks for Relation Classification

Relation classification is an important semantic processing, which has achieved great attention in recent years. The main challenge is the fact that important information can appear at any position in the sentence. Therefore, we propose bidirectional long short-term memory networks (BLSTM) to model the sentence with complete, sequential information about all words. At the same time, we also use features derived from the lexical resources such as WordNet or NLP systems such as dependency parser and named entity recognizers (NER). The experimental results on SemEval-2010 show that BLSTMbased method only with word embeddings as input features is sufficient to achieve state-of-the-art performance, and importing more features could further improve the performance.
Subchronic treatment with amino acid mixture of L-lysine and L-arginine modifies neuroendocrine activation during psychosocial stress in subjects with high trait anxiety

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate possible modulatory effect of the treatment with L-lysine and L-arginine on neuroendocrine activation during psychosocial stress in healthy subjects with relatively high trait anxiety in a randomized, double blind placebo controlled trial. In 29 healthy subjects at the upper limit of the normal range of a trait anxiety scale, a mixture of L-lysine and L-arginine (3g each/day) was administered for 10 days followed by exposure to a psychosocial stress procedure based on public speech. Hormone levels, cardiovascular activation and skin conductance were measured. Amino acid treatment resulted in enhanced adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, adrenaline and noradrenaline levels and galvanic skin responses during stress compared to those in placebo-treated group. Increases in the heart rate and blood pressure in response to public speaking task were not influenced by amino acid treatment. Results of the present study support the hypothesis that L-lysine in combination with L-arginine, which may induce anxiolytic effects, modify hormonal responses during psychosocial stress in humans. Such action may represent a normalization of hormone levels to the pattern observed previously in subjects with low trait anxiety.
Reading Aloud: A Worthwhile Investment.

In light of the tremendous pressure teachers face to ensure that all their students meet state and federal [EDITOR’S NOTE: Some kids call her “The book lady. ” Most teachers I know simply call her “amazing. ” Teri knows more information about more young adult books than anyone else I know. She knows authors, publishers, genre, students’ reading interests, and trends. She’s been a part of this journal since 1999, and I’m pleased to report will continue her role as trade book review editor under the new editorial leadership. The new editors asked her to do this because she’s the best. And she’s the best because she doesn’t seem to understand the concept of being too busy to take on one more task. Twice during these seven years, I asked her to step far beyond her role as a column editor and to really help shape an entire issue. Look back to the justpublished March 2006 issue on multicultural literature and further back to the December 2001 issue that, in part, spotlighted young adult literature, and know Teri’s help made those issues far more than I could have ever done alone. I must offer here, publicly, many thanks to Teri for seven years of never missing a deadline, of always providing our readers with great information, and for, above all else, always being a good friend. ]
Insufficient Radiofrequency Ablation Promotes Angiogenesis of Residual Hepatocellular Carcinoma via HIF-1α/VEGFA

Background The mechanism of rapid growth of the residual tumor after radiofrequency (RF) ablation is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of hyperthermia on HepG2 cells and generated a subline with enhanced viability and dys-regulated angiogenesis in vivo, which was used as a model to further determine the molecular mechanism of the rapid growth of residual HCC after RF ablation. Methodology/Principal Findings Heat treatment was used to establish sublines of HepG2 cells. A subline (HepG2 k) with a relatively higher viability and significant heat tolerance was selected. The cellular protein levels of VEGFA, HIF-1α and p-Akt, VEGFA mRNA and secreted VEGFA were measured, and all of these were up-regulated in this subline compared to parental HepG2 cells. HIF-1α inhibitor YC-1 and VEGFA siRNA inhibited the high viability of the subline. The conditioned media from the subline exerted stronger pro-angiogenic effects. Bevacizumab, VEGFA siRNA and YC-1 inhibited proangiogenic effects of the conditioned media of HepG2 k cells and abolished the difference between parental HepG2 cells and HepG2 k cells. For in vivo studies, a nude mouse model was used, and the efficacy of bavacizumab was determined. HepG2 k tumor had stronger pro-angiogenic effects than parental HepG2 tumor. Bevacizumab could inhibit the tumor growth and angiogenesis, and also eliminate the difference in tumor growth and angiogenesis between parental HepG2 tumor and HepG2 k tumor in vivo. Conclusions/Significance The angiogenesis induced by HIF1α/VEGFA produced by altered cells after hyperthermia treatment may play an important role in the rapid growth of residual HCC after RF ablation. Bevacizumab may be a good candidate drug for preventing and treating the process.
Taking it with you when you go: How perturbations to the freshwater environment, including temperature, dams, and contaminants, affect marine survival of salmon.

Most anadromous fish undergo physiological and behavioral changes that are preparatory and adaptive for seawater entry. In anadromous salmonids, these preparatory changes are collectively known as smolting. Smolt development is regulated by environmental factors such as photoperiod and temperature and mediated by the neuroendocrine system. In this paper, we review evidence that a variety of anthropogenic factors can influence smolt development and affect marine survival. Hatchery rearing can affect the size of smolts and the extent and timing of smolt development. Smolt development is reversible, and the period of peak physiological preparedness in salmon smolts is limited by time and temperature. By influencing temperature and the duration of the migratory period, climate change and dams will have negative effects on smolt survival beyond direct lethal impacts. Contaminants acting on developmental physiology or underlying endocrine control mechanisms can also reduce marine survival. Exposure to estrogenic compounds prior to or during smolt development can reduce seawater tolerance and preference. Acid and aluminum exposure can reverse the development of seawater tolerance and reduce adult return rates. We conclude that environmental conditions in freshwater can affect physiological development, estuarine and ocean behavior, early seawater survival, and long-term seawater growth and homing, thus having influences on adult returns and long-term population sustainability of anadromous fishes.
Epidermal growth factor-based cancer vaccine for non-small-cell lung cancer therapy.

BACKGROUND The role that growth factors and their receptors play in human cancer growth and progression makes them interesting targets for novel treatment modalities. Our approach consisted of active immunotherapy with the epidermal growth factor (EGF). Two pilot clinical trials were conducted to examine the safety and immunogenicity of a five-dose immunization protocol and to compare different adjuvants and treatment designs. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer were enrolled in both trials. They were randomized to be treated with aluminum hydroxide or montanide ISA 51 as adjuvants in the EGF vaccine preparation. The use of cyclophosphamide prevaccination treatment was evaluated in the second trial. RESULTS Pooled data from both trials showed that the use of montanide as adjuvant increased the percentage of good antibody responders (GAR). Cyclophosphamide prevaccination treatment did not provoke improvements in antibody response. GAR had a significant increase in survival as compared with poor antibody responders. Response duration was also related to a significant improvement in survival rates. CONCLUSIONS Vaccination with five doses of EGF vaccine is safe and immunogenic. Montanide ISA 51 increased the percentage of GAR. There is a direct relationship between anti-EGF antibody titers and immune response duration with survival time.
Social work services to victims of xenophobia

The ongoing reports of xenophobic incidents in South Africa require, amongst other things, that the role of the social work profession be explored to ensure that effective services are developed and implemented. This qualitative study explored and described social workers’ perceptions regarding the profession’s role in service delivery to victims of xenophobia in an attempt to make recommendations in this regard. The findings highlight that there is a need for clear guidelines, that programmes and resources should be available, that social workers must receive education and training related to xenophobia, and that services must be related to the specific needs of the victims
Immigration Detention in the Community: Research on the Experiences of Migrants Released from Detention Centres in the UK

This paper argues that immigration detention results in immigration detainees being treated as anomalies within the liberal, democratic state – not only within detention centres but also post-release. Given that most released detainees remain destitute and without entitlement or resolution of their immigration cases, many report feelings of being continuously ‘detained’ even after release. This paper addresses a gap in the literature on the ongoing experience of released detainees. The authors draw on qualitative interview data from former detainees as a first step towards a better understanding of the issues. We discuss wider questions of why the detention regime fails to prepare detainees for release as well as how this omission can undermine their capacity to lead productive and socially meaningful lives. This paper argues that the lack of concern for the well-being of former immigration detainees has considerable and far-reaching implications for the former detainees and their communities. Finally, we link the situation of former detainees and their liminal states of exception, to discourses of slavery and civil death.
HYDROTHERMAL LIQUEFACTION OF FOOD WASTE AND MODEL FOOD WASTE COMPOUNDS

Solid waste is generated at a rate of more than 4 lb per person per day. A significant portion of the non-recyclable waste is food waste, with high water content and low energy density. While most thermochemical conversion processes require a relatively dry feedstock, hydrothermal liquefaction uses subcritical water as the reaction medium and is therefore compatible with high-moisture feedstocks. We have studied the viability of converting high-moisture food waste into a liquid fuel. A surrogate food waste stream was formulated and the yield and bio-oil quality were measured at various process conditions. Yields as high as 45% on a dry mass basis were observed at a reactor temperature of 315 °C. To further understand hydrothermal liquefaction of food waste, three model food compounds were studied—starch, soybean oil, and casein. The reaction mechanism, product distribution, and product yields for each compound were investigated at reactor temperatures ranging from 250–315 °C, using a sodium carbonate catalyst and a syngas head gas. The pure-component data were compared to data collected for the surrogate food waste under the same operating conditions. A lumped kinetic model describing the hydrothermal liquefaction of starch is also proposed.
The role of women's employment programmes in influencing fertility regulation in rural Bangladesh.

This study compares fertility control among women participating in income-generation programs and among a socioeconomically similar comparison group in Bangladesh. Interviews were conducted among a sample of about 100 currently married women from each of four income-generation programs in Bangladesh: the government's Women's Program of the Bangladesh Rural Development Board (BRDB), the Women's Entrepreneurship Development Program of Bangladesh's Small and Cottage Industries Corporation (BSCIC), the Grameen Bank, and the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC) Women's Program. There were 417 women in the sample and 389 women in the comparison group. These programs provided credit to women for activities, such as paddy husking and poultry keeping. The BSCIC did not provide any direct or indirect family planning input. The BRDB encouraged women to use modern contraceptives. The Grameen and BRAC educated participants about the benefits of small families. Three groups, with the exception of BRAC, used women's groups. The sample group had almost eight times the average household income of the comparison group. About 20% of the sample group were engaged in nontraditional activities. Almost 20% worked outside the home. 18% were engaged in wage work. Over 40% worked more than 5 hours per day. 75% were members of informal groups. The sample and comparison groups differed in the context of productive work and contraceptive use. Multivariate findings show strong support for the direct and significant effect of employment programs on fertility-regulating behavior of poor respondents. Nongovernmental groups with a women's group approach were more effective in raising income levels and physical mobility. The BSCIC had much lower contraceptive prevalence. Program participants had higher sterilization rates, but actual fertility was also higher.
The Climate and Environment of Byzantine Anatolia: Integrating Science, History, and Archaeology

The integration of high-resolution archaeological, textual, and environmental data with longer-term, low-resolution data affords greater precision in identifying some of the causal relationships underlying societal change. Regional and microregional case studies about the Byzantine world—in particular, Anatolia, which for several centuries was the heart of that world—reveal many of the difficulties that researchers face when attempting to assess the influence of environmental factors on human society. The Anatolian case challenges a number of assumptions about the impact of climatic factors on socio-political organization and medium-term historical evolution, highlighting the importance of further collaboration between historians, archaeologists, and climate scientists.
HLA-B27-Transfected (Salmonella Permissive) and HLA-A2-Transfected (Salmonella Nonpermissive) Human Monocytic U937 Cells Differ in Their Production of Cytokines

ABSTRACT The cytokine secretion of the Salmonella-permissive, HLA-B27-positive U937 cells was examined, as it was previously shown that these cells kill Salmonella less efficiently than controls. Salmonella-permissive U937 cells showed upregulated production of interleukin 10 and to a lesser extent tumor necrosis factor alpha. HLA-B27-associated modulation of cytokine responses may have importance in the pathogenesis of reactive arthritis.
Assessment of Pre-Service Teachers’ Misconceptions in Geometrical Optics via a Three-Tier Misconception Test (Öğretmen Adaylarının Geometrik Optik Konusundaki ...) Doi: 10.14686/BUEFAD.2015111057

This study was undertaken to describe pre-service elementary teachers’ misconceptions about various aspects of light, shadow and mirror images before they learn the geometrical optics at the university level. The participants of the study were 317 junior and sophomore level students studying at the departments of science and computer education. Students’ misconceptions were assessed via a revised three-tier geometrical optics misconception test. Its’ validity and reliability evidences were rechecked. The findings denoted that the revised test is a valid and reliable measuring tool for assessing pre-service elementary teachers' misconceptions of geometrical optics. The internal consistency of the test was measured via Cronbach alpha and it was found as 0.65. The results revealed that most of the pre-service elementary teachers have limited conceptual understanding and they hold 12 prevalent misconceptions in geometrical optics. The instructors can consider the findings of current study while making their teaching plans for geometrical optics for pre-service science and computer elementary teachers.
Improving Web Search through Collaborative Query Recommendation

Search engines are the primary means by which people locate information on the Web. Unfortunately most Web users are not information retrieval experts and there is a tendency for Web queries to be ambiguous and under-specified. Query expansion and recommendation techniques offer one way to solve the ambiguous query problem in Web search, by automatically identifying and adding new terms to a vague query in order to focus the search. In this paper we describe and evaluate a novel query recommendation technique based on reusing previous search histories. This is achieved by selecting, ranking, and then recommending previously successful queries to users. Its novelty stems from the way in which queries are scored and ranked using relevance and coverage factors in order to prioritise those queries that are most likely to be successful in the current search context. We demonstrate that these recommendations can lead to improved search performance based on live-user data.
A phase 2 trial of pomalidomide and dexamethasone rescue treatment in patients with AL amyloidosis.

Immunomodulatory drugs are active agents in light-chain (AL) amyloidosis. However, previous studies could not show a survival advantage for patients with AL amyloidosis responding to salvage treatment with pomalidomide. In this phase 2 trial, we assessed the safety and efficacy of pomalidomide and dexamethasone (PDex) in patients with AL amyloidosis who were previously exposed to bortezomib, alkylators, and other immunomodulatory drugs. Twenty-eight patients were enrolled. Three patients received pomalidomide 2 mg/d with no dose-limiting toxicity. The remaining patients received 4 mg/d. Pomalidomide was administered continuously and dexamethasone was given once per week at a dose of 20 or 40 mg. Fifteen patients experienced grade 3 to 4 adverse events; the most common were fluid retention and infection. Hematologic response was observed in 68% of patients (very good partial response or complete response in 29%), as well as improved survival. Median time to response was 1 month. PDex is a rapidly active regimen and improves survival in responding, heavily pretreated patients with AL amyloidosis. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials. gov as #NCT01510613.