Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Resveratrol-Loaded Lipid Nanocarriers: Correlation between In Vitro Occlusion Factor and In Vivo Skin Hydrating Effect

Lipid nanocarriers show occlusive properties that may be related to their ability to improve skin hydration. The aim of this work was to evaluate the relationship between in vitro occlusion factor and in vivo skin hydration for three types of lipid nanocarriers: nanoemulsions (NEs), solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) and nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs). These lipid nanocarriers were loaded with trans-resveratrol (RSV) and incorporated in gel vehicles. In vitro occlusion factor was in the order SLNs > NLCs > NEs. Gels containing unloaded or RSV loaded lipid nanocarriers were applied on the back of a hand of 12 healthy volunteers twice a day for one week, recording skin hydration changes using the instrument Soft Plus. An increase of skin hydration was observed for all lipid nanocarriers (SLNs > NLCs > NEs). RSV loading into these nanocarriers did not affect in vitro and in vivo lipid nanocarriers effects. A linear relationship (r2 = 0.969) was observed between occlusion factor and in vivo increase of skin hydration. Therefore, the results of this study showed the feasibility of using the occlusion factor to predict in vivo skin hydration resulting from topical application of different lipid nanocarriers loading an active ingredient with no inherent hydrating activity.
An Estimate of a Sectoral Model of Labor Mobility

This paper develops a model of sectoral labor mobility and tests its main implications. The model nests two distinct hypotheses on the origin of mobility: (a) sectoral shocks and (b) worker-employer mismatch. We estimate the relative importance of each hypothesis and find that the bulk of labor mobility is caused by mismatch rather than by sectoral shift. We then try to put a value on society's match-specific information. That is, we ask to what extent the availability of the option to change jobs raises GNP. We find that the mobility option raises expected earnings by roughly between 8.5 percent and 13 percent of labor earnings, which translates to an increase in GNP of between 6 percent and 9 percent.
Lack of effect of risperidone or olanzapine dose reduction on metabolic parameters, prolactin, and corrected QT interval in stable patients with schizophrenia.

role in the interindividual response to haloperidol at the level of AIP. Then, what could be the explanation instead? The concentration and density of dopamine transporters have consistently been reported to decline with age. This is a possible explanation for interindividual variation in effect and adverse effects of antipsychotic medication. In young patients with schizophrenia, occupancy of more than 80% of striatal D2 receptors with antipsychotics has been associated with extrapyramidal symptoms. This suggests that a minimum of 20% of the receptor population must be free for physiologic transmission to overcome extrapyramidal symptoms. With aging, there is a decline in D2 receptors, so a greater percentage of receptors must be free to provide an adequate level of physiologic transmission in elderly patients. The elderly have a decrease in the threshold for extrapyramidal symptoms. Taken together, this study shows that the main explanation for CSF concentration variation is the plasma concentration, not age or sex. Why this plasma concentration differs largely and why with the same CSF concentration some patients develop AIP and some do not are still unclear but might be caused by pharmacodynamic differences such as dopamine 2 receptor occupancy and need future research. This study contributes to a better understanding of the different factors of interindividual variation to haloperidol and in the end might lead to more evidencebased prescribing for older patients.
An empirical study of human resource management strategies and practices in Australian just‐in‐time environments

This study seeks to further examine the extent and emphasis of particular human resource management strategies in Australian JIT companies through an empirical analysis of survey data. The results indicate that the management of the human variable in Australian JIT environments can be characterised by a stronger emphasis on a number of factors, including, for example: change management; participative decision making; flexibility and multi‐skilling; and open and effective communication processes. What was particularly striking from this analysis was the evidence gained not only of the added emphasis on these issues in the JIT companies, but of the potential for “adding value” through combining management strategies. It is evident that the companies identified as being more heavily involved in JIT practices appear to be more focused on particular human resource management strategies, and as a result see the management of the human variable as critical to the success of their operation. It could perhaps be further hypothesised as a result that there is a process of organisational learning going on in these companies, creating conditions enabling these organisations to more completely and effectively tap into and develop their human potential.
National Assessment Program--ICT Literacy Years 6 & 10 Report, 2005.

The ICT Literacy Report represents the findings from the first national assessment of the ICT literacy of Australian school students. It is the third to be published as part of the National Assessment Program (NAP), which includes a cyclical three-yearly program of sample assessments of student outcomes in three critical learning areas—science; civics and citizenship; and information and communications technology. These assessments are in addition to the annual literacy and numeracy assessments conducted since 1999. The first of the sample assessments to be published was the 2003 National Year 6 Science Assessment Report, followed by the Civics and Citizenship Years 6 and 10 Report 2004. The ICT Literacy Sample Assessment was conducted in October 2005. A total of 7,393 students in Years 6 and 10 from 517 schools participated in the assessment which measured their ability to use ICT appropriately to access, manage, integrate and evaluate information; develop new understandings; and communicate with others in order to participate effectively in society. Results of the assessment show that nationally, 49 per cent of Year 6 students achieved the Year 6 proficient standard and 61 per cent of Year 10 students achieved or bettered the Year 10 proficient standard. The 'Proficient' standard is a 'challenging but reasonable' level of performance that would be expected for a student at that year level.
Crystal Morphology Engineering of Pharmaceutical Solids: Tabletting Performance Enhancement

Crystal morphology engineering of a macrolide antibiotic, erythromycin A dihydrate, was investigated as a tool for tailoring tabletting performance of pharmaceutical solids. Crystal habit modification was induced by using a common pharmaceutical excipient, hydroxypropyl cellulose, as an additive during crystallization from solution. Observed morphology of the crystals was compared with the predicted Bravais–Friedel–Donnay–Harker morphology. An analysis of the molecular arrangements along the three dominant crystal faces [(002), (011), and (101)] was carried out using molecular simulation and thus the nature of the host–additive interactions was deduced. The crystals with modified habit showed improved compaction properties as compared with those of unmodified crystals. Overall, the results of this study proved that crystal morphology engineering is a valuable tool for enhancing tabletting properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients and thus of utmost practical value.
Remittances and Economic Growth Nexus: Empirical Evidence from Nigeria, Senegal and Togo

Remittances inflow is one of the major sources of capital flows in the world. Though developing countries and especially Sub-Saharan Africa does not have a bigger share of this capital flow, remittances is noted to be very useful in promoting household welfare and health in developing countries. What is not certain is whether or not remittances lead to economic growth. Set out to investigate the causal link between remittances and economic growth in three of the leading remittances recipients in West Africa i.e. Nigeria, Senegal and Togo, the study used Grangercausality and co-integration tests under the Vector Autoregressive Regression (VAR) framework. The time series data used here is made of an annual data from 1980-2012. It is realized from the study that there is a unidirectional causal link in Nigeria and Senegal. Remittances are found to lead to economic growth while economic growth does not lead to remittances inflows. There is however no causal link between remittances and economic growth in Togo.
Efficiency and competition of Islamic banking in Malaysia

Purpose - In an attempt to enrich the literature of the efficiency of Islamic banks, this study aims to empirically investigate the efficiency of the fully fledged Islamic banks as well as Islamic windows in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach - This study measures the technical and cost-efficiencies of these banks using the non-parametric frontier method, data envelopment analysis (DEA). Findings - The findings show that, on average, the efficiency of the overall Islamic banking industry has increased during the period of study. The study also revealed that, although the fully fledged Islamic banks were more efficient than the Islamic windows, they were still less efficient than the conventional banks. Finally, Islamic windows of the foreign banks were found to be more efficient than Islamic windows of the domestic banks. Originality/value - The findings of this study will provide some empirical insights as to how these two modes of Islamic banks had fared in the competitive environment from 1997 to 2003.
A SENIOR MANAGER'S GUIDE TO INTEGRATED RISK MANAGEMENT

This paper provides an overview of corporate risk management for senior managers. The author discusses the integrated risk management framework, emphasizing that a company can implement its risk management objectives in three fundamental ways: modifying its operations, using targeted financial instruments, or adjusting its capital structure. “Integration” refers both to the aggregation of all risks faced by the firm into a net exposure and to the coordinated use of these three risk management techniques. The author provides a functional analysis of integrated risk management using a wide‐ranging set of case illustrations to show how the risk management process influences, and is influenced by, a company's overall strategy and business activities. Based on such analysis, the article concludes by sketching a framework intended to help managers design a value‐maximizing, enterprise‐wide corporate risk management system.
Effect of Glyoxylate on the Sensitivity of Net Photosynthesis to Oxygen (the Warburg Effect) in Tobacco.

The addition of glyoxylate to tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) leaf discs inhibited glycolate synthesis and photorespiration and increased net photosynthetic (14)CO(2) fixation. This inhibition of photorespiration was investigated further by studying the effect of glyoxylate on the stimulation of photosynthesis that occurs when the atmospheric O(2) level was decreased from 21 to 3% (the Warburg effect). The Warburg effect is usually ascribed to the increased glycolate synthesis and metabolism that occurs at higher O(2) concentrations. Photosynthesis in control discs increased from 59.1 to 94.7 micromoles of CO(2) per gram fresh weight per hour (a 60% increase) when the O(2) level was lowered from 21 to 3%, while the rate for discs floated on 15 millimolar glyoxylate increased only from 82.0 to 99.7 micromoles of CO(2) per gram fresh weight per hour (a 22% increase). The decrease in the O(2) sensitivity of photosynthesis in the presence of glyoxylate was explained by changes in the rate of glycolate synthesis under the same conditions.The rate of metabolism of the added glyoxylate by tobacco leaf discs was about 1.35 micromoles per gram fresh weight per hour and was not dependent on the O(2) concentration in the atmosphere. This rate of metabolism is about 10% the amount of stimulation in the rate of CO(2) fixation caused by the glyoxylate treatment on a molar carbon basis. Glyoxylate (10 millimolar) had no effect on the carboxylase/oxygenase activity of isolated ribulose diphosphate carboxylase. Although the biochemical mechanism by which glyoxylate inhibits glycolate synthesis and photorespiration and thereby decreases the Warburg effect is still uncertain, these results show that cellular metabolites can regulate the extent of the Warburg effect.
Breaking the circle of blame for sustainable buildings – evidence from Nordic countries

Purpose – The study aims to examine how the vicious circle of blame for sustainable buildings can be turned into virtuous loops of adaptation when considering sustainable buildings and what are the drivers for tenants and investors regarding sustainable buildings and gaining insights of investors’ and tenants’ corporate responsibility (CR) actions. Design/methodology/approach – The paper consists of a literature review and two surveys. The literature review concentrates on exploring investors’ and tenants’ CR and sustainability drivers. Empirical evidence was gathered via two specific surveys. The first survey targeted investors, and the second survey targeted tenants to determine the focus areas of sustainability. Findings – The findings of this study indicate that the vicious circle of blame can be turned into one of cooperation with respect to sustainable buildings if the mutual drivers for improving sustainability are linked with investor–tenant collaboration. Based on the survey, the tenants claim th.
An analysis of keywords used in the literature on green supply chain management

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the keywords used in peer-reviewed literature on green supply chain management. Design/methodology/approach – To determine the keywords that were used in this area, an analysis of 629 papers was conducted. The papers were identified through searches of 13 keywords on green supply chains. Trends in keyword usage were analyzed in detail focusing on examining variables such as the most frequently used journals/keywords, their frequencies, citation frequency and research contribution from different disciplines/countries. Findings – A number of different terms have been used for research focused on the environmental impacts of supply chains, including green supply chains, sustainable supply chains, reverse logistics and closed-loop supply chains, among others. The analysis revealed that the intensity of research in this area has more than tripled in the past six years and that the most used keyword was “reverse logistics”. The use of the terms “green supply cha.
Immigration Policy and Immigrant Quality: The Australian Points System

This paper presents the point systems used for immigrant selections under the Humanitarian and Migration programs in Australia which regulates the inflow of persons seeking permanent residence. The method used for immigrant selection in these programs may affect immigrant quality and labor-market performance. The point tests identify factors in a potential migrant that will benefit Australia or assist with the residency process. The point systems used in a number of components of the immigration program in Australia offer a means of selecting immigrants who will adjust rapidly to the situation of the Australian labor market and bring benefit to Australia. It was demonstrated immigrants are selected for entry on the basis of observable characteristics of the type generally included in empirical analysis of immigrant labor-market performance. It was further concluded that the worldwide market conditions for skilled immigrants are more likely to affect the variations in immigrant quality in Australia than by the Australian point system.
Training Transfer and Transfer Motivation in the Malaysian Banking Sector

A study of 503 participants in a financial training program at 11 Malaysian banks investigated the role and importance of training design factors—transfer design and perceived validity of content—along with individual performance self-efficacy, transfer motivation, and affective reaction in the training transfer process. As hypothesized, the study found that transfer design and perceived content validity work together to improve trainees' performance self-efficacy. The study also tested the dual role of perceived content validity and found that it not only improves trainees' performance self-efficacy level, but also positively influences their affective reaction. Furthermore, the researchers noted that performance self-efficacy has a mediating influence on perceived content validity, transfer design, and transfer motivation, and that affective reaction plays a mediating role between perceived content validity and transfer motivation. The results also indicated that transfer motivation works as a mediator on performance self-efficacy, affective reaction, and training transfer. The findings suggest that both researchers and human resources practitioners should address the factors that enhance trainees' performance self-efficacy level and their affective reaction. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Forecasting with High‐Dimensional Panel Vars

This paper develops methods for estimating and forecasting in Bayesian panel vector autoregressions of large dimensions with time-varying parameters and stochastic volatility. We exploit a hierarchical prior that takes into account possible pooling restrictions involving both VAR coefficients and the error covariance matrix, and propose a Bayesian dynamic learning procedure that controls for various sources of model uncertainty. We tackle computational concerns by means of a simulation-free algorithm that relies on an analytical approximation of the posterior distribution. We use our methods to forecast inflation rates in the eurozone and show that forecasts from our flexible specification are superior to alternative methods for large vector autoregressions.
MINIMALISASI TAX EVASION MELALUI TARIF PAJAK, TEKNOLOGI DAN INFORMASI PERPAJAKAN, KEADILAN SISTEM PERPAJAKAN, DAN KETEPATAN PENGALOKASIAN PENGELUARAN PEMERINTAH (Studi Empiris pada Wajib Pajak Orang Pribadi di Wilayah KPP Pratama Pekanbaru Senapelan)

Tax revenues are very important in securing the state budget and the balance between national economic conditions and the global economic unification. However, in reality there are many taxpayers who do not obey the tax laws by doing tax evasion. This study aimed to describe and analyze the influence of perception on tax rates, technology and information og taxation, taxation fairness, and accuracy allocation of government expenditure to minimize tax evasion. The research was conducted by survey method to individual taxpayers in Pekanbaru, which is obtained by incidental sampling. Data collection method used surveys and questionnaires, and then the data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results of this study prove that the tax rates have a positive and significant impact on tax evasion, and technology and information of taxation, taxation fairness and accuracy allocation of government expenditure have a negative and significant impact on tax evasion, both partial and simultaneous. Variable tax rates provide the greatest influence on tax evasion because it has a beta value of 0,22 while the variable technology and information of taxation provide the smallest influence on tax evasion because it has a beta value of -0.01. Variable tax rates, and technology and information of taxation, taxation fairness, and the accuracy allocation of government expenditure can be used to describe tax evasion of 78%.
Use of a three-stage continuous culture system to study the effect of mucin on dissimilatory sulfate reduction and methanogenesis by mixed populations of human gut bacteria

A mixed culture of human fecal bacteria was grown for 120 days in a three-stage continuous culture system. To reproduce some of the nutritional and pH characteristics of the large gut, each vessel had a different operating volume (0.3, 0.5, and 0.8 liter) and pH (6.0, 6.5, and 7.0). A mixture of polysaccharides and proteins was used as carbon and nitrogen sources. Measurements of H2, CH4, S2-, sulfate reduction rates, sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), and volatile fatty acids were made throughout the experiment. After 48 days of running, porcine gastric mucin (5.8 g/day) was independently fed to vessel 1 of the multichamber system. The mucin was extensively degraded as evidenced by the stimulation of volatile fatty acid production. In the absence of mucin, sulfate-reducing activity was comparatively insignificant and methanogenesis was the major route for the disposal of electrons. The reverse occurred upon the addition of mucin; sulfate reduction predominated and methanogenesis was completely inhibited. This was attributed to release of sulfate from the mucin which enabled SRB to outcompete methanogenic bacteria for H2. SRB stimulated by mucin were acetate-utilizing Desulfobacter spp. , lactate- and H2-utilizing Desulfovibrio spp. , and propionate-utilizing Desulfobulbus spp. When the mucin pump was switched off, the multichamber system reverted to a state close to its original equilibrium. These data provide further evidence that sulfated polysaccharides such as mucin may be a source of sulfate for SRB in the human large gut.
Nominal and Inflation Indexed Yields: Separating Expected Inflation and Inflation Risk Premia

This research makes joint use of the prices of nominal and inflation indexed bonds to estimate and study inflation risk premium and inflation expectations. First, I use a robust non-parametric procedure on UK data from 1983 to 1999 to extract weekly nominal and inflation indexed zero prices. Then I develop a pricing model in the spirit of the essentially affine class of Duffee (2000). I estimate the model with a Kalman filter and find that the data is best fit by a 4 factor version. The estimates support a variable, mostly significant inflation risk premium; on a 10 year zero coupon bond this is on average 2%, but is initially higher, and eventually indistinguishable from zero; its behavior follows historical events. The variability of the nominal to real yield spread is mostly due to inflation at the short end and to its premium at the long end.
Hedging in Futures and Options Markets with Basis Risk

This paper analyzes the hedging decisions for firms facing price and basis risk. Two conditions assumed in most models on optimal hedging are relaxed. Hence, (i) the spot price is not necessarily linear in both the settlement price and the basis risk and (ii) futures contracts and options on futures at different strike prices are available. The design of the first‐best hedging instrument is first derived and then it is used to examine the optimal hedging strategy in futures and options markets. The role of options as useful hedging tools is highlighted from the shape of the first‐best solution. © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 22:59–72, 2002