Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Mortality and Prehospital Monitoring Limitations in Blunt Trauma Patients

This study aimed at determining predictors of in-hospital mortality and prehospital monitoring limitations in severely injured intubated blunt trauma patients. We retrospectively reviewed patients' charts. Prehospital vital signs, Injury Severity Score (ISS), initial Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), Revised Trauma Score (RTS), arterial blood gases, and lactate were compared in two study groups: survivors (n = 40) and nonsurvivors (n = 30). There were no significant differences in prehospital vital signs between compared groups. Nonsurvivors were older (P = 0.006), with lower initial GCS (P < 0.001) and higher ISS (P < 0.001), along with higher lactate (P < 0.001) and larger base deficit (BD; P = 0.006), whereas RTS (P = 0.001) was lower in nonsurvivors. For predicting mortality, area under the curve (AUC) was calculated: for lactate 0.82 (P < 0.001), for ISS 0.82 (P < 0.001), and for BD 0.69 (P = 0.006). Lactate level of 3.4 mmol/L or more was 82% sensitive and 75% specific for predicting in-hospital death. In a multivariate logistic regression model, ISS (P = 0.037), GCS (P = 0.033), and age (P = 0.002) were found to be independent predictors of in-hospital mortality. The AUC for regression model was 0.93 (P < 0.001). Increased levels of lactate and BD on admission indicate more severe occult hypoperfusion in nonsurvivors whereas vital signs did not differ between the groups.
Parental Divorce and Couples’ Adjustment During the Transition to Parenthood: The Role of Parent-Adult Child Relationships

In this study, the authors examined the associations between parental divorce, quality of relationships with parents, and dyadic adjustment during transition of 114 couples to parenthood. Data were collected during the third trimester of pregnancy and at 9 months postpartum. As predicted, the authors found that women from divorced families reported more conflict, less support, and less depth in the relationships with their fathers. However, it was the extent to which their relationships with their mothers were characterized by support that predicted women’s adjustment during their first pregnancy. Also as expected, for men, the link between parental divorce and both prenatal dyadic adjustment and residualized change scores of dyadic adjustment over time was mediated by the quality of their relationships with their fathers.
Relevance Theory and the in second language acquisition

This article considers the implications of Sperber and Wilson’s (1986/95) Relevance Theory for the acquisition of English the by second language (L2) learners whose first language (L1) does not have an article system. On the one hand, Relevance Theory provides an explicit characterization of the semantics of the, which suggests ways of devising more accurate guidelines for teaching/learning than are available in current textbooks. On the other hand, Relevance Theoretic assumptions about human communication together with some effects of transfer from L1 provide the basis for a number of predictions about the types of L2 learners’ errors in the use of the.I argue that data from previous research (Trenkić, 2002) lend support to these predictions, and I try to show that examples drawn from the data I have collected provide evidence for the view that L2 learning is not influenced only by general pragmatic principles and hypotheses about L2 based on transfer from L1, but that learners also devise and test tacit hypotheses which are idiosyncratic to them.
Accumulation of hepatic acetaldehyde and reduced alcohol drinking in transgenic mice carrying the Oriental variant of the human aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene

The major enzymes involved in ethanol metabolism in mammalian liver are the alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) and the mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH2). ADH isozymes oxidize ethanol into acetaldehyde and the mitochondrial, low Km ALDH2 catalyzes the conversion of acetaldehyde to acetic acid. Both human ADH and ALDH2 utilize NAD as a cofactor for the catalysis and both are polymorphic with alleles with different kinetic properties (Harada et al., 1982; Goedde et al., 1983). The most notable Abstract
Approaches to the Iron Cage

Is there a metaphor for bureaucracy relevant to organizations in the 1990s? The author explores this question by reconstructing Weber's "iron cage. " After defining bureaucracy using the two traditional metaphors, the author sets forth the notion of the iron cage as playground apparatus. This metaphor is developed in an idiosyncratic vignette. The author stresses that the "monkey bars" (bureaucratic structures) are, in themselves, neutral but become whatever we make them by the imposition of our visions, values, and vitalities. The author closes by defending his metaphoras worthy of investigation by public administration scholars and practitioners.
How environments speak: everyday mobilities, impersonal speech and the geographies of commentary

This paper examines commentary as a mode of speaking that has not received sufficient attention by social and cultural geographers. In contrast to a representational understanding of commentary, where commentary is the expert interpretation of an environment, this paper develops a more passive understanding of commentary where the commentator is a figure through which the affective, material forces that constitute environments become expressed. Based on qualitative fieldwork in Sydney, Australia, the paper examines three modes of everyday commentary related to commuting. The commentaries of reportage, anecdote and autoventriloquy each demonstrate in different ways how the affective, material environments of commuting become spoken. The paper shows, first, how commentary is a constitutive rather than derivative aspect of the experience of commuting. Second, it shows that commentary is an expression of affective, material environments, rather than either the willed self-expression of the speaker, or the manifestation of socially and historically contingent discourses. Third, it shows that commentary can both close down and draw out specific affective, material environments. Fourth, it shows how commentary modulates the powers of existence in the zone of the commute, transforming the affective possibilities immanent to different situations.
pathTiMEx: Joint Inference of Mutually Exclusive Cancer Pathways and Their Progression Dynamics

High-throughput sequencing technologies have facilitated the generation of an unprecedented amount of genomic cancer data, opening the way to a more profound understanding of tumorigenesis. In this endeavor, two fundamental questions have emerged, namely (1) which alterations drive tumor progression and (2) in which order do they occur? Answering these questions is crucial for therapeutic decisions involving targeted agents. Because of interpatient heterogeneity, progression at the level of pathways is more reproducible than progression at the level of single genes. In this study, we introduce pathTiMEx, a generative probabilistic graphical model that describes tumor progression as a partially ordered set of mutually exclusive driver pathways. pathTiMEx employs a stochastic optimization procedure to jointly optimize the assignment of genes to pathways and the evolutionary order constraints among pathways. On real cancer data, pathTiMEx recapitulates previous knowledge on tumorigenesis, such as the temporal order among pathways which include APC, KRAS, and TP53 in colorectal cancer, while also proposing new biological hypotheses, such as the existence of a single early causal event consisting of the amplification of CDK4 and the deletion of CDKN2A in glioblastoma. pathTiMEx is available as an R package.
Dis/entangling critical disability studies

Recently there has been discussion about the emergence of critical disability studies. In this paper I provide an inevitably partial and selective account of this trans-disciplinary space through reference to a number of emerging insights, including theorizing through materialism, bodies that matter, inter/trans-sectionality, global disability studies, and self and Other. I briefly disentangle these themes and suggest that while we may well start with disability, we often never end with it as we engage with other transformative arenas including feminist, critical race and queer theories. Yet critical disability studies reminds us of the centrality of disability when we consider the politics of life itself. In this sense, then, disability becomes entangled with other forms of oppression and revolutionary responses.
Academic Persistence Among Native American College Students

Qualitative interviews with 15 successful Native American college students who grew up on reservations identified the following themes related to their persistence in college: (a) family support, (b) structured social support, (c) faculty/staff warmth, (d) exposure to college and vocations, (e) developing independence and assertiveness, (f) reliance on spiritual resources, (g) dealing with racism, (h) nonlinear path, and (i) paradoxical cultural pressure. The results indicated a need for stable mentoring relationships and programmatic support.
FeSCH: A Feature Selection Method using Clusters of Hybrid-data for Cross-Project Defect Prediction

Cross project defect prediction (CPDP) is a challenging task since the predictor built on the source projects can hardly generalize well to the target project. Previous studies have shown that both feature mapping and feature selection can alleviate the differences between the source and target projects. In this paper, we propose a novel method FeSCH (Feature Selection using Clusters of Hybrid-data). In particular it includes two phases. The first is the feature clustering phase, which uses a density-based clustering method DPC to group highly co-related features into clusters. The second is the feature selection phase, which selects beneficial features from each cluster. We design three ranking strategies to choose appropriate features. During the empirical studies, we design experiments based on real-world software projects, and evaluate the prediction performance of FeSCH by analyzing the influence of ranking strategies. The experimental results show that FeSCH can outperform three baseline methods (i.e., WPDP, ALL, and TCA+) in most cases, and its performance is independent of the used classifiers.
Sexual Sensation Seeking, Social Stress, and Coping Styles as Predictors of HIV/STD Risk Behaviors in Adolescents

The aim of this study was to assess whether coping styles, social stress, and sexual sensation seeking were predictors of HIV/STD risk behaviours in adolescents. A representative sample of 4,456 female and male Spanish high school students aged 13 to 18 years participated. A stratified random sampling procedure was used. Self-report questionnaires on coping styles, social stress, sexual sensation seeking, and sexual behavior were administered to participants at their high schools. Sexual sensation seeking predicted whether sex was with a casual partner and whether drugs were used at the last sexual intercourse in males and females. Nonproductive coping was a risk factor in the use of drugs at the last sexual intercourse in males. Problem-solving coping style was related to a lower likelihood in the use of drugs at the last sexual encounter in females and to a higher likelihood of condom use at last sexual intercourse in males. Social stress increased the likelihood of having used drugs at last sexual intercourse in females. This study highlights the need to incorporate sexual sensation seeking, social stress, and coping styles in HIV/STD prevention programs aimed at adolescents.
Dependencia alcohólica con y sin trastornos psiquiátricos asociados

Objetivos. Determinar si la presencia de comorbilidad influye en la respuesta al tratamiento y evolucion asi como si es un criterio util para establecer subtipos dentro de la dependencia alcoholica. Diseno. Se compararon dos submuestras de dependientes del alcohol: A (n = 120) con comorbilidad, B (n = 41) sin comorbilidad, en funcion de variables sociodemograficas, clinicas, respuesta al tratamiento y evolucion 5-7 anos. Setting. Programa de tratamiento ambulatorio de problemas relacionados con el alcohol en un servicio de salud mental de Madrid. Participantes. 161 casos nuevos que iniciaron tratamiento entre 1989 y 1991, con un diagnostico de dependencia alcoholica. Medidas. Criterios diagnosticos DSM III-R, patrones de consumo segun Miller y Marlatt, cuestionario de personalidad EPQ (A), tasas de abandono y tasas de abstinencia absoluta como criterios de respuesta al tratamiento y evolucion. Hallazgos. Una menor edad en los dependientes del alcohol con comorbilidad. No diferencias en las caracteristicas clinicas, respuesta al tratamiento y evolucion entre dependientes con y sin comorbilidad asociada. Conclusiones. La comorbilidad en su conjunto no influye en la respuesta al tratamiento y evolucion ni es un criterio util para establecer subtipos dentro de la dependencia alcoholica.
Treatment of Severe Pulmonary Hypertension in the Setting of the Large Patent Ductus Arteriosus

Treatment of the large patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in the setting of pulmonary hypertension (PH) is challenging. Left patent, the large PDA can result in irreversible pulmonary vascular disease. Occlusion, however, may lead to right ventricular failure for certain patients with severe PH. Our center has adopted a staged management strategy using medical management, noninvasive imaging, and invasive cardiac catheterization to treat PH in the presence of a large PDA. This approach determines the safety of ductal closure but also leverages medical therapy to create an opportunity for safe PDA occlusion. We reviewed our experience with this approach. Patients with both severe PH and PDAs were studied. PH treatment history and hemodynamic data obtained during catheterizations were reviewed. Repeat catheterizations, echocardiograms, and clinical status at latest follow-up were also reviewed. Seven patients had both PH and large, unrestrictive PDAs. At baseline, all patients had near-systemic right ventricular pressures. Nine catheterizations were performed. Two patients underwent 2 catheterizations each due to poor initial response to balloon test occlusion. Six of 7 patients exhibited subsystemic pulmonary pressures during test occlusion and underwent successful PDA occlusion. One patient did not undergo PDA occlusion. In follow-up, 2 additional catheterizations were performed after successful PDA occlusion for subsequent hemodynamic assessment. At the latest follow-up, the 6 patients who underwent PDA occlusion are well, with continued improvement in PH. Five patients remain on PH treatment. A staged approach to PDA closure for patients with severe PH is an effective treatment paradigm. Aggressive treatment of PH creates a window of opportunity for PDA occlusion, echocardiography assists in identifying the timing for closure, and balloon test occlusion during cardiac catheterization is critical in determining safety of closure. By safely eliminating the large PDA, this treatment algorithm can halt the perilous combination of the large shunting from the PDA and PH in a population at high risk of morbidity and mortality.
Testing the Internet's Effect on Democratic Satisfaction: A Multi-Methodological, Cross-National Approach

ABSTRACT While recent events spotlighted the Internet's capacity to make political organization more efficient once disaffected citizens are moved to action, this article tests another component of the Internet's potential to influence the cost-benefit calculus of political behavior: how the Internet influences the motivation to act or organize in the first place. After introducing two causal mechanisms—the Internet's mirror-holding and window-opening functions—this article tests the Internet's influence on citizens' (dis)satisfaction with the way that “democracy” functions in their own countries. This includes a random effects regression of panel data at the country level and a mixed-level regression of cross-sectional survey data at the individual level. The next section of this article presents the results from a randomized field experiment conducted in Bosnia and Herzegovina, enabling a direct test of the causal relationship shared by Internet use and (dis)satisfaction. The findings uncovered in each of these tests substantiate the Internet's clear, consistent, and considerable influence on democratic satisfaction. Whereas the Internet is correlated with enhanced satisfaction in advanced democracies, it is associated with depressed satisfaction in nations with weak democratic practices. [Supplementary materials are available for this article. Go to the publisher's online edition of Journal of Information Technology & Politics to view the free supplemental files. ]
First Draft Genome Sequence of Staphylococcus condimenti F-2T

ABSTRACT This report describes the draft genome sequence of S. condimenti strain F-2T (DSM 11674), a potential starter culture. The genome assembly comprised 2,616,174 bp with 34.6% GC content. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first documentation that reports the whole-genome sequence of S. condimenti.
Do we need more scientists? A long‐term view of patterns of participation in UK undergraduate science programmes

This paper reports the findings from an ESRC funded study which examined patterns of participation in higher education science programmes. Using data on applications and acceptances to university, the paper describes trends in the numbers of candidates who choose to study science and science‐related degree programmes in the UK over the last two decades. Two main findings emerge. The first shows that overall the sciences have retained their share of the undergraduate population during a period in which the sector has expanded rapidly. We find no evidence of a ‘swing’ from science. Indeed it is not the case that undergraduates are not studying science, rather, it is the type of science courses they are studying which has changed. The second finding suggests that large and small‐scale initiatives to increase recruitment to the sciences have had little lasting impact on the higher education participation data.
Prevalence of primary spinal tumors: 15-year data from Siriraj Hospital.

OBJECTIVE To determine prevalence, demographic data and clinical presentation of primary vertebral tumors. MATERIAL AND METHOD A retrospective study of the primary spine tumor specimens from Siriraj bone tumor registry from 1996 to 2010. RESULTS From the study, primary spinal tumors constituted 85 of 1,679 bone tumor cases (5.06%). The common benign spinal tumors were giant cell tumor and hemangioma. The common malignant spinal tumors were chordoma, chondrosarcoma, and osteosarcoma. The mean age ofpresentation was 44.68 years. Fifty-three percent of tumors occurred in females. Pain was the most common presenting symptom, occurring in 73.53% of malignant and 52.94% of benign tumors. Neurological involvement occurred in 25% of malignant tumor Malignant lesions predominated in the sacral region while the most common location ofbenign specimens was thoracic region. CONCLUSION The present study was the first demographic study ofprimary spinal tumor in Thai showed variety of prevalence when compared with similar studies based on Western patients. Whether these results reflect differences in the population, race and data collection method.
What price presentation? The effects of typographic variables on essay grades

The marks awarded to 130 second‐year undergraduate word‐processed essays were assessed in relation to their use of different typographic features. By and large most of these features had little effect on the essay grades. However, essays printed in 12‐point type gained significantly higher marks (mean = 56.8) than essays printed in 10‐point type (mean = 52.7), and essays using a combination of popular features (Times Roman, 12‐point, double‐spaced unjustified text, and a line‐space to denote new paragraphs) gained significantly higher marks (mean = 59.6) than those using other combinations (mean = 55.8).
The treatment of atopic dermatitis with licorice gel

Glycyrrhiza glabra L. has been used in herbal medicine for skin eruptions, including dermatitis, eczema, pruritus and cysts. The effect of licorice extract as topical preparation was evaluated on atopic dermatitis. The plant was collected and extracted by percolation with suitable solvent. The extract was standardized, based on Glycyrrhizinic acid by using a titrimetry method. Different topical gels were formulated by using different co‐solvents. After standardizing of topical preparations, the best formulations (1% and 2%) were studied in a double–blind clinical trial in comparison with base gel on atopic dermatitis over two weeks (30 patients in each group). Propylene glycol was the best co‐solvent for the extract and Carbopol 940 as gelling agent showed the best results in final formulations. The quantity of glycyrrhizinic acid was determined 20.3% in the extract and 19.6% in the topical preparation. Two percent licorice topical gel was more effective than 1% in reducing the scores for erythema, oedema and itching over two weeks (p<0.05). The results showed that licorice extract could be considered as an effective agent for treatment of atopic dermatitis.
Simulated climate change provokes rapid genetic change in the Mediterranean shrub Fumana thymifolia

Rapid climate change will impose strong directional selection pressures on natural plant populations. Climate‐linked genetic variation in natural populations indicates that an evolutionary response is possible. We investigated such a response by comparing individuals subjected to elevated drought and warming treatments with individuals establishing in an unmanipulated climate within the same population. We report that reduction in seedling establishment in response to climate manipulations is nonrandom and results from the selection pressure imposed by artificially warmed and droughted conditions. When compared against control samples, high single‐locus genetic divergence occurred in drought and warming treatment samples, with genetic differentiation up to 37 times higher than background (mean neutral locus) genetic differentiation. These loci violate assumptions of selective neutrality, indicating the signature of natural selection by drought. Our results demonstrate that rapid evolution in response to climate change may be widespread in natural populations, based on genetic variation already present within the population.
High-flux source of polarization-entangled photons from a periodically poled KTiOPO 4 parametric down-converter

We have demonstrated a high-flux source of polarization-entangled photons using a type-II phase-matched periodically poled KTiOPO{sub 4} parametric down-converter in a collinearly propagating configuration. We have observed quantum interference between the single-beam down-converted photons with a visibility of 99% together with a measured coincidence flux of 300 s{sup -1}/mW of pump. The Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt version of Bell's inequality was violated with a value of 2.711{+-}0.017.