Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
STRENGTH TRAINING AFTER STROKE: EFFECTS ON MUSCLE FUNCTION, GAIT PERFORMANCE AND PERCEIVED PARTICIPATION Flansbjer, Ulla-Britt

6 List of publications . 8 Abbreviations and definitions . 9 Background. 11 Stroke. 11 Consequences of stroke . 12 Rehabilitation and health – the ICF framework . 13 Muscle strength training . 14 Physiotherapy after stroke . 15 Strength training after stroke . 17 Outcome measurements. 18 Reliability . 20 The rationale for this thesis . 21 Objectives . 23 General aim. 23 Specific aims. 23 Design of the studies . 24 Reliability. 25 Relationships between different domains of health . 25 Effects of progressive resistance training . 25 Subjects. 26 Paper I-III. 26 Paper IV . 26 Outcome measurements. 29 Isokinetic strength. 29 Dynamic strength . 30 Muscle tone. 31 Gait performance . 32 Perceived participation . 34 Statistics. 35 Reliability statistics. 35 Statistical evaluation . 36 Ethical considerations. 36 Results and discussion. 38 Reliability . 39 Relationships between different domains of health. 41 Effects of progressive resistance training. 44 General discussion. 49 Post-stroke rehabilitation. 49 Strength training in chronic stroke . 50 Future studies. 53 Main conclusions of this thesis . 54 Populärvetenskaplig sammanfattning på svenska . 55 Acknowledgements . 58 References . 61 Paper I-IV . 77
Climate Change Influences on the Global Potential Distribution of the Mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus, Vector of West Nile Virus and Lymphatic Filariasis

Rapid emergence of most vector-borne diseases (VBDs) may be associated with range expansion of vector populations. Culex quinquefasciatus Say 1823 is a potential vector of West Nile virus, Saint Louis encephalitis virus, and lymphatic filariasis. We estimated the potential distribution of Cx. quinquefasciatus under both current and future climate conditions. The present potential distribution of Cx. quinquefasciatus showed high suitability across low-latitude parts of the world, reflecting the current distribution of the species. Suitable conditions were identified also in narrow zones of North Africa and Western Europe. Model transfers to future conditions showed a potential distribution similar to that under present-day conditions, although with higher suitability in southern Australia. Highest stability with changing climate was between 30°S and 30°N. The areas present high agreement among diverse climate models as regards distributional potential in the future, but differed in anticipating potential for distribution in North and Central Africa, southern Asia, central USA, and southeastern Europe. Highest disparity in model predictions across representative concentration pathways (RCPs) was in Saudi Arabia and Europe. The model predictions allow anticipation of changing distributional potential of the species in coming decades.
Continuously Informing Vibrotactile Displays in Support of Attention Management and Multitasking in Anesthesiology

Objective: A novel vibrotactile display type was investigated to determine the potential benefits for supporting the attention and task management of anesthesiologists. Background: Recent research has shown physiological monitoring and multitasking performance can benefit from displaying patient data via alarm-like tactile notifications and via continuously informing auditory displays (e.g., sonifications). The current study investigated a novel combination of these two approaches: continuously informing tactile displays. Method: A tactile alarm and two continuously informing tactile display designs were evaluated in an anesthesia induction simulation with anesthesiologists as participants. Several performance measures were collected for two tasks: physiological monitoring and anesthesia induction. A multi-task performance score equivalently weighted components from each task, normalized across experimental scenarios. Subjective rankings of the displays were also collected. Results: Compared to the baseline (visual and auditory only) display configuration, each tactile display significantly improved performance in several objective measures, including multitask performance score. The continuously informing display that encoded the severity of patient health into the salience of its signals supported significantly better performance than the other two tactile displays. Contrasting the objective results, participants subjectively ranked the tactile alarm display highest. Conclusion: Continuously informing tactile displays with alarm-like properties (e.g., salience mapping) can better support anesthesiologists’ physiological monitoring and multitasking performance under the high task demands of anesthesia induction. Adaptive display mechanisms may improve user acceptance. Application: This study can inform display design to support multitasking performance of anesthesiologists in the clinical setting and other supervisory control operators in work domains characterized by high demands for visual and auditory resources.
Prosthetic Rehabilitation After Fibular Free Flap Surgery of Mandibular Defects in a Patient With Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Objective:This report is to present the treatment procedure and clinical considerations of prosthodontic management of a patient who had undergone a partial mandibulectomy and fibular free flap surgery. Design:A 59-year-old man with a squamous cell carcinoma received a partial mandibular resection. Microsurgical reconstruction with a fibular free flap surgery and implant-supported zirconia-fixed prosthesis produced by computer-aided manufacturing led to successful results for the oral rehabilitation of mandibular defects. Conclusions:The implant-supported zirconia-fixed prosthesis can be recommended for use in patients with mandibulectomy and fibular free flaps. Close cooperation between the surgeon and the prosthodontist is mandatory for the satisfaction of the patient.
Non-elliptic Shimura curves of genus one

We present explicit models for non-elliptic genus one Shimura curves X0(D, N) with Γ0(N)-level structure arising from an indefinite quaternion algebra of reduced discriminant D, and Atkin-Lehner quotients of them. In addition, we discuss and extend Jordan’s work [10, Ch. III] on points with complex multiplication on Shimura curves.
Computing Circumscriptive Databases by Integer Programming: Revisited (Extended Abstract)

In this paper, we consider a method of computing minimal models in circumscription using integer programming in propositional logic and first-order logic with domain closure axioms and unique name axioms. This kind of treatment is very important since this enable to apply various technique developed in operations research to nonmonotonic reasoning. Nerode et al. (1995) are the first to propose a method of computing circumscription using integer programming. They claimed their method was correct for circumscription with fixed predicate, but we show that their method does not correctly reflect their claim. We show a correct method of computing all the minimal models not only with fixed predicates but also with varied predicates and we extend our method to compute prioritized circumscription as well.
Early deactivation of slower muscle fibres at high movement frequencies

Animals produce rapid movements using fast cyclical muscle contractions. These types of movements are better suited to faster muscle fibres within muscles of mixed fibre types as they can shorten at faster velocities and achieve higher activation–deactivation rates than their slower counterparts. Preferential recruitment of faster muscle fibres has previously been shown during high velocity contractions. Additionally, muscle deactivation takes longer than activation and therefore may pose a limitation to fast cyclical contractions. It has been speculated that slower fibres may be deactivated before faster fibres to accommodate their longer deactivation time. This study aimed to test whether shifts in muscle fibre recruitment occur with derecruitment of slow fibres before faster fibres at high cycle frequencies. Electromyographic (EMG) signals were collected from the medial gastrocnemius at an extreme range of cycle frequencies and workloads. Wavelets were used to resolve the EMG signals into time and frequency space and the primary sources of variability within the EMG frequency spectra were identified through principal component analysis. Early derecruitment of slower fibres was evident at the end of muscle excitation at higher cycle frequencies, as determined by reduced low-frequency EMG content, and additional slower fibre recruitment was present at the highest cycle frequency. The duration of muscle excitation reached a minimum of about 150 ms and did not change for the three highest cycle frequencies, suggesting a duration limit for the medial gastrocnemius. This study provides further evidence of modifications of muscle fibre recruitment strategies to meet the mechanical demands of movement.
The relation between the surface electromyogram and muscular force.

1. Motor units in the first dorsal interosseus muscle of normal human subjects were recorded by needle electrodes, together with the surface electromyogram (e.m.g.). The wave form contributed by each motor unit to the surface e.m. g. was determined by signal averaging. 2. The peak‐to‐peak amplitude of the wave form contributed to the surface e.m. g. by a motor unit increased approximately as the square root of the threshold force at which the unit was recruited. The peak‐to‐peak duration of the wave form was independent of the threshold force. 3. Large and small motor units are uniformly distributed throughout this muscle, and the muscle fibres making up a motor unit may be widely dispersed. 4. The rectified surface e.m. g. was computed as a function of force, based on the sample of motor units recorded. The largest contribution of motor unit recruitment occurs at low force levels, while the contribution of increased firing rate becomes more important at higher force levels. 5. Possible bases for the common experimental observation that the mean rectified surface e.m. g. varies linearly with the force generated by a muscle are discussed. E.m. g. potentials and contractile responses may both sum non‐linearly at moderate to high force levels, but in such a way that the rectified surface e.m. g. is still approximately linearly related to the force produced by the muscle.
Quality of Life Following Liver Transplantation: A Preliminary Report

Although the quality of life attained after heart transplantation has been assessed, there is no equivalent information for recipients of liver grafts in this country. In this paper we report a cross-sectional survey of 81 adult patients in the Cambridge/King's College Hospital joint programme using the Nottingham Health Profile which is a validated measurement of the quality of life. The results show the quality of life to be high, and broadly similar to the levels expected in the general population. The data suggest an increase in the problems related to physical mobility (two-fold) and a reduction in problems of emotional reaction (a halving).
On the Duality Gap Convergence of ADMM Methods

This paper provides a duality gap convergence analysis for the standard ADMM as well as a linearized version of ADMM. It is shown that under appropriate conditions, both methods achieve linear convergence. However, the standard ADMM achieves a faster accelerated convergence rate than that of the linearized ADMM. A simple numerical example is used to illustrate the difference in convergence behavior.
A hydrophobic gate in an ion channel: the closed state of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

The nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) is the prototypic member of the ‘Cys-loop’ superfamily of ligand-gated ion channels which mediate synaptic neurotransmission, and whose other members include receptors for glycine, γ-aminobutyric acid and serotonin. Cryo-electron microscopy has yielded a three-dimensional structure of the nAChR in its closed state. However, the exact nature and location of the channel gate remains uncertain. Although the transmembrane pore is constricted close to its center, it is not completely occluded. Rather, the pore has a central hydrophobic zone of radius about 3 Å. Model calculations suggest that such a constriction may form a hydrophobic gate, preventing movement of ions through a channel. We present a detailed and quantitative simulation study of the hydrophobic gating model of the nicotinic receptor, in order to fully evaluate this hypothesis. We demonstrate that the hydrophobic constriction of the nAChR pore indeed forms a closed gate. Potential of mean force (PMF) calculations reveal that the constriction presents a barrier of height about 10 kT to the permeation of sodium ions, placing an upper bound on the closed channel conductance of 0.3 pS. Thus, a 3 Å radius hydrophobic pore can form a functional barrier to the permeation of a 1 Å radius Na+ ion. Using a united-atom force field for the protein instead of an all-atom one retains the qualitative features but results in differing conductances, showing that the PMF is sensitive to the detailed molecular interactions.
Genetic Assessments and Parentage Analysis of Captive Bolson Tortoises (Gopherus flavomarginatus) Inform Their “Rewilding” in New Mexico

The Bolson tortoise (Gopherus flavomarginatus) is the first species of extirpated megafauna to be repatriated into the United States. In September 2006, 30 individuals were translocated from Arizona to New Mexico with the long-term objective of restoring wild populations via captive propagation. We evaluated mtDNA sequences and allelic diversity among 11 microsatellite loci from the captive population and archived samples collected from wild individuals in Durango, Mexico (n = 28). Both populations exhibited very low genetic diversity and the captive population captured roughly 97.5% of the total wild diversity, making it a promising founder population. Genetic screening of other captive animals (n = 26) potentially suitable for reintroduction uncovered multiple hybrid G. flavomarginatus×G. polyphemus, which were ineligible for repatriation; only three of these individuals were verified as purebred G. flavomarginatus. We used these genetic data to inform mate pairing, reduce the potential for inbreeding and to monitor the maintenance of genetic diversity in the captive population. After six years of successful propagation, we analyzed the parentage of 241 hatchlings to assess the maintenance of genetic diversity. Not all adults contributed equally to successive generations. Most yearly cohorts of hatchlings failed to capture the diversity of the parental population. However, overlapping generations of tortoises helped to alleviate genetic loss because the entire six-year cohort of hatchlings contained the allelic diversity of the parental population. Polyandry and sperm storage occurred in the captives and future management strategies must consider such events.
Visualizing 3D Flow

We discuss volume line integral convolution (LIC) techniques for effectively visualizing 3D flow, including using visibility-impeding halos and efficient asymmetric filter kernels. Specifically, we suggest techniques for selectively emphasizing critical regions of interest in a flow; facilitating the accurate perception of the 3D depth and orientation of overlapping streamlines; efficiently incorporating an indication of orientation into a flow representation; and conveying additional information about related scalar quantities such as temperature or vorticity over a flow via subtle, continuous line width and color variations.
SOCS1 Mutation Subtypes Predict Divergent Outcomes in Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma (DLBCL) Patients

Suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) is frequently mutated in primary mediastinal and diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL). Currently, the prognostic relevance of these mutations in DLBCL is unknown. To evaluate the value of the SOCS1 mutation status as a prognostic biomarker in DLBCL patients, we performed full-length SOCS1 sequencing in tumors of 154 comprehensively characterized DLBCL patients. We identified 90 SOCS1 mutations in 16% of lymphomas. With respect to molecular consequences of mutations, we defined two distinct subtypes: those with truncating (major) and those with non-truncating mutations (minor), respectively. The SOCS1 mutated subgroup or the minor/major subtypes cannot be predicted on clinical grounds; however, assignment of four established gene-expression profile-based classifiers revealed significant associations of SOCS1 major cases with germinal center and specific pathway activation pattern signatures. Above all, SOCS1 major cases have an excellent overall survival, even better than the GCB-like subgroup. SOCS1 minor cases had a dismal survival, even worse than the ABC gene signature group. The SOCS1 mutation subsets retained prognostic significance in uni- and multivariate analyses. Together our data indicate that assessment of the SOCS1 mutation status is a single gene prognostic biomarker in DLBCL.
Multi-Agent Based Simulation to Explore the Dynamics in the Diffusion of Innovation Phenomenon

— The diffusion of innovation theory, presented by Everett Rogers, provides a classification of the individuals in a social system related to how long an innovation takes to spread into the system. Also, his work describes how people form clusters based on the homophily concept. This paper brings two hypotheses for the diffusion of innovation and puts them into test using a multi-agent based simulation. Also, the Swarm multi-agent based framework is used to implement the simulations. Rogers' theory is briefly presented as well as concepts from the multi-agent based simulation area. Finally, the simulation and its results are shown.
Mastoid emissary foramina: an anatomical morphological study with discussion on their evolutionary and clinical implications

The identification of mastoidal emissary veins is of importance in the neurosurgical practice to diagnose abnormal and normal structures. In the present study, the objectives were to estimate the prevalence rate of mastoidal emissary foramina in the temporal bones of the adult skull and to study their number and morphology. The present study included 48 adult human skulls which were obtained from the gross anatomy laboratory of our institution. The mastoid parts of 96 temporal bones were macroscopically observed for the prevalence, number and morphology of the emissary foramina. It is observed that, the mastoidal emissary foramen was present in 88 temporal bones (91.7%) of our specimens. The foramen was observed single in 60 temporal bones (62.5%), double in 22 bones (22.9%), and triple in 6 temporal bones (6.2%). The mastoidal emissary foramen was absent in 8 (8.3%) temporal bones. The foramen was bilaterally absent in 3 (3.1%) skulls. It was unilaterally absent in 2 (2.1%) skulls and both were on the left side. The mastoidal emissary vein is prevalent in a large number (91.7%) of cases. It was observed that the accessory mastoidal emissary foramina were present in 29.1% of cases. Recognition of the mastoid emissary veins and accessory mastoid emissary veins during the otologic surgery is critical to avoid the significant bleeding. In the neurosurgical practice, the knowledge is important due to variability in the number of mastoidal emissary veins and their connection to the venous sinuses.
Protocol Composition in Horus

Horus is a communication architecture that treats a protocol as an abstract data type. Protocol layers can be stacked on top of each other in a variety of ways, at run-time. This paper starts out with describing the many classes of protocols that can be supported this way. Next, we describe the Horus object model that we designed for this technology, and the interface between the layers that makes it all work. We then present an example layer which implements a group membership protocol. Then, we look at a example stack of protocols, which provides fault-tolerant, totally ordered communication between a group of processes. We conclude with presenting some remaining challenges in our project.
Improved algorithms for DNA sequence alignment and revision of scoring matrix

Sequence alignment is the procedure of comparing two (pair-wise alignment) or more (multiple sequence alignment) sequences by searching for a series of individual characters or character patterns that are in the same order in the sequences. Classical methods like Needleman-Wunsch (for global alignment) and Smith-Waterman (for local alignment) suffer from the drawback that it involves a large number of computational steps and has to statically allocate a large section of memory for computer implementation. Moreover the PAM matrix used as a scoring scheme for sequence comparison is unsuitable when we are considering only a few of the total 20 amino acids. In this paper, we propose alternate methods to obtain global and local alignment between two sequences using direct comparison and compare the performance of our algorithms with that of the classical method. We also propose an alternate scoring scheme based on fuzzy concept and discuss its advantage over conventional PAM matrix.
Irreversible effects of hygrothermal aging on DGEBA/DDA epoxy resin

Irreversible hygrothermal aging effects on DGEBA/DDA epoxy resin were studied by FTIR, gravimetric tests, and DMTA. The results show that water immersion at 50, 70, and 90°C leads to the introduction of carbonyl groups in the resin and chain scission of the crosslinked structure. These irreversible structural changes induce the addition of water to the polymer initially and weight loss of the material eventually. They also lead to the irreversible decrease of the glass transition temperature of DGEBA/DDA. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 69: 363–369, 1998
CAHIER DU LAMSADE 217 Mai 2004 Completeness in standard and differential approximation classes : Poly ( D ) APX-and PTAS-completeness

Several problems are known to be APX-, DAPX-, PTAS-, or Poly-APX-PB-complete under suitably defined approximation-preserving reductions. But, to our knowledge, no natural problem is known to be PTAS-complete and no problem at all is known to be Poly-APX-complete. On the other hand, DPTASand Poly-DAPX-completeness have not been studied until now. We first prove in this paper the existence of natural Poly-APXand Poly-DAPX-complete problems under the well known PTASreduction and under the DPTAS-reduction (defined in “G. Ausiello, C. Bazgan, M. Demange, and V. Th. Paschos, Completeness in differential approximation classes, MFCS’03”), respectively. Next, we deal with PTASand DPTAS-completeness. We introduce approximation preserving reductions, called FT and DFT, respectively, and prove that, under these new reductions, natural problems are PTAS-complete, or DPTAS-complete. Then, we deal with the existence of intermediate problems under our reductions and we partially answer this question showing that the existence of NPO-intermediate problems under Turing-reduction is a sufficient condition for the existence of intermediate problems under both FTand DFT-reductions. Finally, we show that   is DAPX-complete under the DPTASreduction. This is the first DAPX-complete problem that is not simultaneously APX-complete.