Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Induced Size-Ramsey Number of Cycles

For a graph H and an integer r ≥ 2, the induced r-size-Ramsey number of H is defined to be the smallest integer m for which there exists a graph G with m edges with the following property: however one colours the edges of G with r colours, there always exists a monochromatic induced subgraph H′ of G that is isomorphic to H. This is a concept closely related to the classical r-size-Ramsey number of Erdős, Faudree, Rousseau and Schelp, and to the r-induced Ramsey number, a natural notion that appears in problems and conjectures due to, among others, Graham and Rödl, and Trotter. Here, we prove a result that implies that the induced r-size-Ramsey number of the cycle Cℓ is at most crℓ for some constant cr that depends only upon r. Thus we settle a conjecture of Graham and Rödl, which states that the above holds for the path Pℓ of order ℓ and also generalise in part a result of Bollobás, Burr and Reimer that implies that the r-size Ramsey number of the cycle Cℓ is linear in ℓ Our method of proof is heavily based on techniques from the theory of random graphs and on a variant of the powerful regularity lemma of Szemerédi.
Studies of intrapersonal conflict and its implications

The three papers included in this dissertation all examine intrapersonal conflict, or the conflict people experience when deciding between doing what they want (e.g., watching lowbrow films, spending as if they were wealthier, and eating unhealthy but tasty foods) and what they should (e.g., watching highbrow films, spending more responsibly, and eating healthy foods). The first paper relies on archival data from an online DVD rental company to demonstrate that people procrastinate more about watching should films than want films in the field and that experience reduces this effect. The second paper relies on archival data from an online grocery company to demonstrate that customers buy more expensive baskets of groceries (a want behavior) when they receive an unexpected $10 windfall, and customers also buy more items they would not typically purchase following the receipt of a windfall. The third paper relies on a series of laboratory studies to demonstrate that uncertainty about the future increases an individual's preference for wants over shoulds and that this effect is strongest when uncertainty pertains to similar outcomes.
Aggregation of Induction Motor Loads for Transient Stability Studies

This study investigates the dynamic representation of a group of induction motors by one or more equivalent motors. The unknown parameters of the equivalent are estimated through a weighted-least-squares procedure. Verification of simulated results with experimental ones suggests that a fifth order dynamic model of the aggregate with a ninth order parameter model is appropriate. The least squares technique was found to provide good convergence characteristics subject to satisfaction of the following conditions good initial estimate of the parameters, proper selection of acceleration factors and homogenity of the motor group.
Educating the Orang Asli children: Exploring indigenous children's practices and experiences in schools

ABSTRACT The author is concerned with the education available for the Orang Asli, an indigenous minority community in Malaysia. Literature written about Orang Asli and education mostly assumes a deficit perspective where the lack of educational achievement among the Orang Asli children is often attributed to their culture and community. Therefore, rather than taking a perspective that Orang Asli students perform poorly in schools because of their own personal failure attributed to their culture and community, the author explores and analyses schooling experiences of the Orang Asli children to investigate the roles and responsibilities of schools to provide the necessary support for successful educational outcomes for these children.
Allometric scaling of compartmental fluxes of phosphorus in freshwater algae

The time courses of uptake, distribution, and excretion of radioactive PO, were determined for 11 species of freshwater algae. Uptake of PO4 by algae was rapid, reaching a steady‐state asymptote within an hour and maintaining that maximum for at least 10 h. Uptake could be described as a biphasic exponential function. The rate constants for uptake decreased with cell volume raised to a power of ∼‒0.25, whereas the uptake rates per cell increased with cell size to a power of ∼0.75, suggesting that small cells were much more efficient at sequestering PO4. Excretion of PO4 by algae was fast during the first 10–20 min; thereafter, there was a slower prolonged loss of PO4 for the remaining period. A two‐compartment model could be convincingly fitted directly to the excretion time‐course data. Both rate constants and flux rates of PO4 excretion and intercompartmental exchanges showed a similar size‐dependency to those of PO4 uptake. The net uptake of PO4 by algae increased proportionately to cell volume raised to a normalized power of 0.75. The allometric compartment model yielded estimates for net PO4 uptake rates one order of magnitude higher than those determined by means of the Michaelis‐Menten model.
The prevalence of HPV types in women with CIN 2-3 or cervical cancer in Haifa district, Israel.

BACKGROUND Human papilloma virus (HPV) is classified as a biologic carcinogen causing cervical cancer. Our aim was to identify all the HPV types responsible for cervical cancer and pre-cervical cancer in Israel. METHODS This study included 226 women, diagnosed with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2-3 and 115 women diagnosed with cervical cancer, and tested for all HPV typing during the period of January 2006 to May 2013. RESULTS HPV was detected in 92.9% of women with CIN 2-3 and high-risk HPV (HR-HPV) was detected in 85.8% of them. In women with cervical cancer, HPV was positive in 96.5%, HR-HPV detected in 93%. In the CIN 2-3 group the most common HPV types were 16 (42%), 31 (8.8%) and 18 (4.9%) and in the cancer group HPV 16 (57.4%), 45 (9.6%), and 18 (7.8%). Multiple HPV types were seen in 12.8% of CIN 2-3 group but only in 0.9% of cancer group. The chief complaint led to cancer diagnosis was post menopause bleeding (27%), while abnormal Papanicolaou (Pap) test lead to CIN 2-3 diagnosis in 75.2% of the women. Only 22.6% of women diagnosed with cancer were diagnosed due to abnormal Pap test and 76.9% of them were diagnosed at stage I, as compared to women diagnosed with cancer because of bleeding or abnormal mass, of them 57.1 % were diagnosed at stage I (P<0.07). CONCLUSIONS HR-HPV types were found in 93% of cancer group and 85.8% of CIN 2-3 group, and low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) was detected in 3.5% and 7.1% of women with cervical cancer and CIN 2-3 respectively. The most common HPV types in cervical cancer women were 16, 45 and 18. Women diagnosed with cancer because abnormal Pap test were in earlier stage compared to women diagnosed because of complains. Including LR-HPV types in screening HPV can increase the sensitivity of the test.
Systolic long axis function of the left ventricle. Global and regional information

Objective—To compare global systolic measurements of mitral annular motion by M‐mode and tissue velocity time integral, and annular velocity by pulsed and colour Doppler for precision and bias. Secondly, to compare the ability of annular motion to identify regional dysfunction with segmental analysis by strain rate imaging. Design—Nineteen normal subjects and 19 patients with myocardial infarction were studied with echocardiography. Results—There were significant correlations between ejection fraction (EF) and annular motion/velocity by all methods, ranging from 60 to 80%. Measurements had 95% limits of agreement intervals between 7.7 and 15.6 mm for annulus excursion and 8.8 cm/s for annulus velocities with biases between methods of 0.7–1.9 mm and 2.6 cm/s. Annular motion and velocity were reduced in the patients compared with the control group, but were depressed at all points so the infarcted region could not be identified. Only segmental analysis could identify the region of dyssynergy. Conclusion—Annular motion and velocity measure global function, but have high variability and measurements are method dependent. Only segmental analysis can identify regional dyssynergy. This is possible with strain rate imaging, but the precision is still too low for clinical use.
Bacterial Profile and Antibiotic Resistance in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcer in Guangzhou, Southern China: Focus on the Differences among Different Wagner's Grades, IDSA/IWGDF Grades, and Ulcer Types

Objective To understand the bacterial profile and antibiotic resistance patterns in diabetic foot infection (DFI) in different Wagner's grades, IDSA/IWGDF grades, and different ulcer types in Guangzhou, in order to provide more detailed suggestion to the clinician about the empirical antibiotic choice. Methods 207 bacteria were collected from 117 DFIs in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from Jan.1, 2010, to Dec.31, 2015. The clinical data and microbial information were analyzed. Results The proportion of Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) was higher than Gram-positive bacteria (GPB) (54.1% versus 45.9%), in which Enterobacteriaceae (73.2%) and Staphylococcus (65.2%) were predominant, respectively. With an increasing of Wagner's grades and IDSA/IWGDF grades, the proportion of GNB bacterial infection, especially Pseudomonas, was increased. Neuro-ischemic ulcer (N-IFU) was more susceptible to GNB infection. Furthermore, with the aggravation of the wound and infection, the antibiotic resistance rates were obviously increased. GPB isolated in ischemic foot ulcer (IFU) showed more resistance than the N-IFU, while GNB isolates were on the opposite. Conclusions Different bacterial profiles and antibiotic sensitivity were found in different DFU grades and types. Clinician should try to stay updated in antibiotic resistance pattern of common pathogens in their area. This paper provided them the detailed information in this region.
Advances in Chinese Medicine Diagnosis: From Traditional Methods to Computational Models

Ancient Chinese medicine practitioners deduced about 5,000 years ago that the exterior appearance of the body was closely related to the functions of the internal organs and viscera. They sought for explanations for this interior-exterior connection by establishing relationships between human beings and Nature. Other natural philosophers also applied such reasoning, e.g. Aristotle [384-322 BC], Leonardo Da Vinci [1452-1519], and Rene Descartes [1596-1650]. Although it is not possible to say that Chinese medicine practitioners were unique in this task, they organized those relationships in a pioneer manner long before their Western counterparts. Chinese and Western physicians were not distinct in their conceptual framework, but their respective medical practices evolved on different cultures and historical contexts. Therefore, it is expected that the advances on medical knowledge represent this cultural divergence. Many efforts have been made to integrate the ancient, traditional knowledge of Chinese medicine into contemporary, Eastern medical practice. Diagnosis is a key element in this integration of medical systems since it links the patient’s needs to the available therapeutic resources. The art of Chinese medicine diagnosis was enriched throughout history but it main traditional aspect remains unchanged: the exclusive use of information available to the naked senses. Clinical information provided by vision, hearing, smelling, and touching is interpreted in a framework of Chinese medicine theories of physiology. No equipment or instrument was developed with specific diagnostic purposes or based on Chinese medicine theories. However, advances in computation and biomedical instruments allowed more powerful analysis of clinical data and quantification of parameters otherwise assessed only in a qualitative fashion. As a consequence, computer models for diagnosis in Chinese medicine were developed and tested in the last few decades and are promising tools in the clinical environment. This chapter introduces the traditional methods of diagnosis in Chinese medicine and introduces their evolution into computational models. Current methods for validation of computational model by the assessment of their diagnostic accuracy and possible sources of errors are also presented. Finally, perspectives on the issue of computational diagnosis are discussed.
Knowledge and attitude regarding euthanasia among medical students in the public and private medical schools of Karachi.

OBJECTIVE To assess the awareness about and perception of euthanasia among medical students of Karachi. METHOD The cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2011 to March 2012 among students of private-sector and one public-sector medical college in Karachi. Data was analysed using SPSS version 17, and associations were worked out using chi-square test. RESULTS Out of the 493 students, 226 (46%) were from the matriculation system and 194 (39%) from the Cambridge system, while the remaining 15% were from the American High School. The male-female ratio was 1:3. There were 284 (58%) students from the private medical college. Majority of the private medical school students (n = 284; 99.6%) knew about euthanasia, compared to the public-sector facility where only 161 (77%) knew of it. Of the total, 405 (82%) students agreed that it is physician-assisted suicide; 255 (52%) agreed to the idea of palliative care, claiming it was sufficient to maintain life; 226 (54%) disagreed that a doctor should not be allowed to administer a lethal dose while only 162 (33%) agreed to the idea of it; 285 (58%) disagreed that a law regarding the practice of euthanasia should not be introduced, whereas 134 (27%) agreed to it; 70 (14%) agreed to the practice of euthanasia, while 311 (63%) disagreed, mostly for religious reasons. CONCLUSION The awareness of euthanasia was high, but a very small proportion of students approved of it. There is need to include palliative care and euthanasia in the Behavioural Science module in the under-graduation programme of both public and private medical schools.
The IRST English-Spanish translation system for european parliament speeches

This paper presents a full-ﬂedged spoken language translation system developed at IRST during the TC-STAR project. The system integrates automatic speech recognition with machine translation through the use of confusion networks, which permit to represent a huge number of transcription hypotheses generated by the speech recognizer. Confusion networks are ef-ﬁciently decoded by a statistical machine translation system which computes the most probable translation in the target language. This paper presents the whole architecture developed for the translation of political speeches held at the European and Spanish parliaments from English to Spanish and vice versa
Incidence and estimates of the diease burden of rotavirus in Sweden

Laboratory and hospitalization data from two children's hospitals with large primary catchment areas and national laboratory and hospitalization data for children under 4 y of age with acute diarrhoea were compiled to estimate the number of hospitalizations and the cost burden associated with rotavirus diarrhoea in Sweden. According to our estimates 1500‐1700 rotavirus‐associated hospitalizations occur annually in Sweden in children under 4 y of age (3.7 hospitalizations/lOOO children/y). This number represents 2.3% of admissions for all diagnoses in children of this age group. The cost of these hospitalizations is 13.5–15 million Swedish crowns (US$1.8–2 million). Serotyping by PCR for two years revealed that serotype 1 (GI) was the most common (49% and 58%, respectively) identified. Serotypes 2‐4 were identified in the following proportions G2 (23% and 5%), G3 (21% and 0%) and G4 (7% and 16%). The national laboratory report data for 1993‐96 show that as much as 7‐13% of rotavirus infections occur in elderly people. □G‐typing, incidence, rotavirus
Phospho-serine-118 estrogen receptor-alpha detection in human breast tumors in vivo.

PURPOSE To determine whether estrogen receptor (ER)-alpha specifically phosphorylated at Ser(118) is detectable in multiple human breast cancer biopsy samples. To gain insight into possible roles for P-Ser(118)-ERalpha in human breast cancer in vivo. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A specific antibody for P-Ser(118)-ERalpha was validated for immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western blot analysis confirmed IHC results. IHC was used to determine the relationship of P-Ser(118)-ERalpha to known prognostic markers and active mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK; erk1/2) expression. RESULTS P-Ser(118)-ERalpha was significantly correlated with the expression of total ER, determined by ligand binding assay (r = 0.442, P = 0.002), but not with progesterone receptor expression or nodal status. P-Ser(118)-ERalpha was inversely correlated with histological grade (r = -0.34, P = 0.023), reflecting a similar trend for total ER (r = -0.287, P = 0.056). Categorical contingency analysis confirmed that P-Ser(118)-ERalpha was more frequently associated with lower than higher grade breast tumors (P = 0.038). In addition P-Ser(118)-ERalpha was significantly associated with detection of active MAPK (Erk1/2; Spearman r = 0.649, P < 0.0001; Fisher's exact test, P = 0.0004). CONCLUSIONS P-Ser(118)-ERalpha detection is associated with a more differentiated phenotype and other markers of good prognosis in human breast cancer. P-Ser(118)-ERalpha is correlated with active MAPK in human breast tumor biopsies, suggesting the possibility that active MAPK either directly or indirectly has a role in the regulation of P-Ser(118)-ERalpha expression in vivo. These data provide evidence for a role of P-Ser(118)-ERalpha in human breast cancer in vivo.
The Chase Procedure and its Applications in Data Exchange

The initial and basic role of the chase procedure was to test logical implication between sets of dependencies in order to determine equivalence of database instances known to satisfy a given set of dependencies and to determine query equivalence under database constrains. Recently the chase procedure has experienced a revival due to its application in data exchange. In this chapter we review the chase algorithm and its properties as well as its application in data exchange.
Effects of Walkability on Property Values and Investment Returns

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of walkability on property values and investment returns. Walkability is the degree to which an area within walking distance of a property encourages walking for recreational or functional purposes. It is of particular concern to developers, investors and others interested in sustainable and responsible property investing because of its potential social and environmental benefits. We used data from the National Council of Real Estate Investment Fiduciaries (NCREIF) and Walk Score to examine the effects of walkability on the market value and annual investment returns of nearly 11,000 office, apartment, retail and industrial properties over the past decade in the USA. We find that, all else being equal, the benefits of walkability are capitalized into office, retail, apartment and industrial property values with more walkable sites commanding higher property values. On a 100 point scale, a 10 point increase in walkability increases property values by 5 to 8 percent, depending on property type. We also find that walkability is associated with lower cap rates and higher incomes, suggesting that the higher values are caused by both higher incomes and expectations of less risk, greater income growth or slower depreciation. Walkability only had a positive effect on historical investment returns for offices. It negatively affected returns for retail and apartments and had no effect on industrial property. The negative effect on retail was mostly due to slower appreciation, suggesting the price premium may have been too high and was adjusting during the study period, so walkable retail could earn a market return going forward. For apartments the negative effect on total return was caused by lower income returns (lower cap rate), suggesting either that they were considered less risky, which could justify the lower total returns, or greater income and price appreciation was anticipated than materialized. All walkable property types generated higher income and therefore have the potential to generate returns as good as or better than less walkable properties, as long as they are priced correctly. Moreover, developers should be willing to develop more walkable properties as long as they do not have to pay too high a premium for more walkable locations and related development expenses. 1 Professor of Planning, Professor of Natural Resources and Senior Fellow, University of Arizona, gpivo@u.arizona. edu, 520-3498090 2 Director, Benecki Center for Real Estate Studies and Charles H. and Barbara F. Dunn Professor of Real Estate, Indiana University
The Economic Incentives for Sharing Security Information

Given that information technology (IT) security has emerged as an important issue in the last few years, the subject of security information sharing among firms, as a tool to minimize security breaches, has gained the interest of practitioners and academics. To promote the disclosure and sharing of cyber security information among firms, the U.S. federal government has encouraged the establishment of many industry-based Information Sharing and Analysis Centers (ISACs) under Presidential Decision Directive (PDD) 63. Sharing security vulnerabilities and technological solutions related to methods for preventing, detecting, and correcting security breaches is the fundamental goal of the ISACs. However, there are a number of interesting economic issues that will affect the achievement of this goal. Using game theory, we develop an analytical framework to investigate the competitive implications of sharing security information and investments in security technologies. We find that security technology investments and security information sharing act as "strategic complements" in equilibrium. Our results suggest that information sharing is more valuable when product substitutability is higher, implying that such sharing alliances yield greater benefits in more competitive industries. We also highlight that the benefits from such information-sharing alliances increase with the size of the firm. We compare the levels of information sharing and technology investments obtained when firms behave independently (Bertrand-Nash) to those selected by an ISAC, which maximizes social welfare or joint industry profits. Our results help us predict the consequences of establishing organizations such as ISACs, Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT), or InfraGard by the federal government.