Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prognosis and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in prospective study of hypertensive patients with obstructive sleep apnea syndrome in St Petersburg, Russia

Summary Background To assess the impact of obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) on prognosis and cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in relation to other major cardiovascular risk factors. Material/Methods This prospective study recruited 234 patients from an out-patient clinic. Based on the Berlin questionnaire, 147 patients (90 males, mean age 52.1±10.4 years) with highly suspected sleep breathing disorders were included in the study. Based on cardiorespiratory monitoring, patients were divided into 2 groups: 42 patients without sleep breathing disorders (SBD), and 105 patients with OSAHS. Among these, 12 patients started CPAP therapy and formed the third group. Results The mean follow-up period was 46.4±14.3 months. Event-free survival was lowest in the untreated OSAHS patients (log rank test 6.732, p=0.035). In the non-adjusted regression model, OSAHS was also associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events (OR=8.557, 95% CI 1.142–64.131, p=0.037). OSAHS patients demonstrated higher rates of hospitalization compared to the control group without SBD (OR 2.750, 95%CI 1.100–6.873, p=0.04). Conclusions OSAHS hypertensive patients, and in particular, according to our model, patients with severe OSAHS (AHI ≥30/h), are at higher risk of fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events. Moreover, untreated OSAHS patients demonstrate higher rates of hospitalization caused by the onset or deterioration of cardiovascular disease.
Multiparameter processes with stationary increments: Spectral representation and integration

In this article, a class of multiparameter processes with wide-sense stationary increments is studied. The content is as follows. (1) The spectral representation is derived; in particular, necessary and sufficient conditions for a measure to be a spectral measure is given. The relations to a commonly used class of processes, studied e.g. by Yaglom, is discussed. (2) Some classes of deterministic integrands, here referred to as predomains, are studied in detail. These predomains consist of functions or, more generally, distributions. Necessary and sufficient conditions for completeness of the predomains are given. (3) In a framework covering the classical Walsh-Dalang theory of a temporal-spatial process which is white in time and colored in space, a class of predictable integrands is considered. Necessary and sufficient conditions for completeness of the class are given, and this property is linked to a certain martingale representation property.
Faces capture attention: Evidence from inhibition of return

The human face is a visual pattern of great social and biological importance. While previous studies have shown that attention may be preferentially directed and engaged longer by faces, the current study presents a new methodology to test the notion that faces can capture attention. The present study uses the occurrence of inhibition of return (IOR) as a diagnostic tool to determine the allocation of attention in visual space. Because previous research suggested that IOR at a location in space only occurs after attention has been reflexively moved to that location, the current finding of IOR at the location of the face provides converging support for the claim that faces do have the ability to summon attention.
Interleukin (IL)-22 and IL-17 are coexpressed by Th17 cells and cooperatively enhance expression of antimicrobial peptides

Th17 cells are a distinct lineage of effector CD4+ T cells characterized by their production of interleukin (IL)-17. We demonstrate that Th17 cells also expressed IL-22, an IL-10 family member, at substantially higher amounts than T helper (Th)1 or Th2 cells. Similar to IL-17A, IL-22 expression was initiated by transforming growth factor β signaling in the context of IL-6 and other proinflammatory cytokines. The subsequent expansion of IL-22–producing cells was dependent on IL-23. We further demonstrate that IL-22 was coexpressed in vitro and in vivo with both IL-17A and IL-17F. To study a functional relationship among these cytokines, we examined the expression of antimicrobial peptides by primary keratinocytes treated with combinations of IL-22, IL-17A, and IL-17F. IL-22 in conjunction with IL-17A or IL-17F synergistically induced the expression of β-defensin 2 and S100A9 and additively enhanced the expression of S100A7 and S100A8. Collectively, we have identified IL-22 as a new cytokine expressed by Th17 cells that synergizes with IL-17A or IL-17F to regulate genes associated with skin innate immunity.
Virtual and Augmented Reality: New Frontiers for Clinical Psychology

In the last decades, the applied approach for the use of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) on clinical and health psychology has grown exponentially. These technologies have been used to treat several mental disorders, for example, phobias, stress-related disorders, depression, eating disorders, and chronic pain. The importance of VR/AR for the mental health field comes from three main concepts: (1) VR/AR as an imaginal technology, people can feel “as if they are” in a reality that does not exist in external world; (2) VR/AR as an embodied technology, the experience to feel user’s body inside the virtual environment; and (3) VR/AR as connectivity technology, the “end of geography’. In this chapter, we explore the opportunities provided by VR/AR as technologies to improve people’s quality of life and to discuss new frontiers for their application in mental health and psychological well-being promotion.
Education for Sustainability Curriculum and Pedagogy in Higher Education Institution: Using Complex Adaptive System as a Framework

This paper presents the study on the interaction between Education for Sustainability (EfS) curriculum and pedagogy with EfS systems structure. Complex Adaptive System (CAS) was used as a framework in analysing the data. This study identified the EfS curriculum and pedagogy has being stimulated by socio-cultural factors, local sustainability issues and global sustainability agenda.
The pleasure of receiving a head massage from a robot

Tactile interaction is at the heart of human-robot relationships. The physical presence of the robot is what distinguishes human-robot interaction from human-virtual agent interaction. Although first attempts for tactile human-robot interaction have been made, robots are still far inferior to the abilities of humans in providing tactile experiences. This study investigates if a head massage given by others is more pleasurable than a massage given oneself and if a simple robot is significantly worse in giving a head massage. Furthermore we investigate if the physical experience with a robot changes the participants' attitudes towards robots. We ran a within-participants experiment with 18 subjects. The results show that receiving a massage by a human masseur is significantly more enjoyable than receiving it by a robot or by oneself. However, the participants displayed significantly more facial expressions of happiness in the robot condition. The participants did not significantly change their attitudes towards robots due their experience with the robot. We conclude that a robotic massage is a promising field for human robot interaction for further investigation.
The Impact of Visual, Auditory, and Kinesthetic Learning Styles on Economics Education Teaching

The purpose of this research is to analysis the impacts of visual, auditory, kinesthetic learning styles on economics education teaching. One of the most important uses learning styles is that it makes it easy for teachers to incorporate them into their teaching. There are various styles of learning. Three of the most popular are visual, auditory, and kinesthetic, in way students take the information. While students use all of their senses to take the information, they seem to have preferences in how they learn best. In order to help students to learn, teachers need to teach as many of these preferences as possible. Teachers can incorporate these learning styles in their curriculum activities so that students are able to succeed in their classes. The purpose of this study is to increase faculty awareness and understanding of the effect of learning styles on the teaching process. This study aims to conduct an analysis of learning styles for Economics Education students. A review of the literature will determine how learning styles affect the teaching process. A total of 100 students completed questionnaires to determine their learning styles. The findings show that most Economics Education students prefer visual learning style.
"For the love or the Republic" Education, Secularism, and Empowerment

We exploit a change in compulsory schooling laws in Turkey to estimate the causal effects of education on religiosity and women's socio-economic status. A new law, implemented in 1998 bound individuals born after a specific date to 8 years of schooling while those born earlier could drop out after 5 years. This allows the implementation of a Regression Discontinuity (RD) Design and the estimation of meaningful causal estimates of schooling. Using the 2008 Turkish Demographic Health Survey, we show that the reform resulted in a one-year increase in years of schooling among women on average, although it did not increase schooling among men. Over a period of ten years, this education increase resulted in women having lower religiosity, greater decision rights over marriage and fertility, and higher household wealth. We find that a muted average RD effect on labor force participation shrouds heterogenous effects depending on socioeconomic background; women from more socially conservative backgrounds tend to obser ve no increase in labor force participation whereas women from less conservative backgrounds experience a large increase. Education thus empowers women across a wide spectrum of a Muslim society, yet faces limits in allowing women in the conservative communities from realizing their full potential through the labor market. JEL Classification: J16, I25, Z12
Can Bahraini patients accept e-health systems?

PURPOSE The purpose of this paper is to examine whether Bahraini individuals accept e-health system and the prominent factors affecting e-health system adoption in Bahrain. DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH The authors adopted a quantitative and qualitative approach, i.e., a self-administered questionnaire, unstructured and a semi-structured interview, which were used to collect the data. A questionnaire was distributed to Bahraini residents selected randomly. The framework was based on the technology acceptance model (TAM) and theory of reasoned action (TRA). Important variables from both the TAM model and TRA theory were extracted and jointly used to build the research model. FINDINGS The findings indicated that the most factors affecting e-health adoption are trust, health literacy and attitude. Additionally, people in the private and government sectors understand e-health benefits. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS If healthcare professionals understand the factors affecting e-health system adoption from an individual and organisational perspective, then nurses, pharmacists and others will be more conscious about e-health and its adoption status. ORIGINALITY/VALUE E-health system adoption has become increasingly important to governments, individuals, and researchers in recent years. A novel research framework, based on TAM and TRA, was used to produce a new integrated model.
Support for NRG1 as a susceptibility factor for schizophrenia in a northern Swedish isolated population.

CONTEXT Neuregulin 1 (NRG1), a growth factor involved in neurodevelopment, myelination, neurotransmitter receptor expression, and synaptic plasticity, first joined the list of candidate genes for schizophrenia when a 7-marker haplotype at the 5' end of the gene (Hap(ICE)) was shown to be associated with the disorder in the Icelandic population. Since then, more genetic and functional evidence has emerged, which supports a role for NRG1 in the development of schizophrenia. OBJECTIVE To determine the contribution of NRG1 to susceptibility for schizophrenia in a northern Swedish isolated population. DESIGN Detailed linkage disequilibrium (LD)-based patient-control association study. This is the first study to type and analyze the 7 Hap(ICE) markers and a set of 32 HapMap tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that represents variants with a minor allele frequency of at least 1% and fully characterizes the LD structure of the 5' part of NRG1. SETTING Outpatient and inpatient hospitals. PARTICIPANTS A total of 486 unrelated patients with schizophrenia and 514 unrelated control individuals recruited from a northern Swedish isolated population. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Association between markers and disease. RESULTS Analysis of the Hap(ICE) markers showed the association of a 7-marker and 2-microsatellite haplotype, different from the haplotypes associated in the Icelandic population and overrepresented in northern Swedish control individuals. Subsequently, a more detailed analysis that included all 37 genotyped SNPs was performed by investigating haplotypic association, dependent and independent of LD block structure. We found significant association with 5 SNPs located in the second intron of NRG1 (.007 </= P </= .04). Also, 2-, 3-, and 4-SNP windows that comprise these SNPs were associated (P < 3 x 10(-4)). One protective haplotype (0% vs 1.8%; P <5 x 10(-5)) and 1 disease risk-causing haplotype (40.4% vs 34.9%, P = .02) were defined. CONCLUSION The NRG1 gene contributes to the susceptibility for schizophrenia in the northern Swedish population.
Unsupervised Phrasal Near-Synonym Generation from Text Corpora

Unsupervised discovery of synonymous phrases is useful in a variety of tasks ranging from text mining and search engines to semantic analysis and machine translation. This paper presents an unsupervised corpus-based conditional model: Near-Synonym System (NeSS) for finding phrasal synonyms and near synonyms that requires only a large monolingual corpus. The method is based on maximizing information-theoretic combinations of shared contexts and is parallelizable for large-scale processing. An evaluation framework with crowd-sourced judgments is proposed and results are compared with alternate methods, demonstrating considerably superior results to the literature and to thesaurus look up for multi-word phrases. Moreover, the results show that the statistical scoring functions and overall scalability of the system are more important than language specific NLP tools. The method is language-independent and practically useable due to accuracy and real-time performance via parallel decomposition.
The Language, Tone and Prosody of Emotions: Neural Substrates and Dynamics of Spoken-Word Emotion Perception

Rapid assessment of emotions is important for detecting and prioritizing salient input. Emotions are conveyed in spoken words via verbal and non-verbal channels that are mutually informative and unveil in parallel over time, but the neural dynamics and interactions of these processes are not well understood. In this paper, we review the literature on emotion perception in faces, written words, and voices, as a basis for understanding the functional organization of emotion perception in spoken words. The characteristics of visual and auditory routes to the amygdala—a subcortical center for emotion perception—are compared across these stimulus classes in terms of neural dynamics, hemispheric lateralization, and functionality. Converging results from neuroimaging, electrophysiological, and lesion studies suggest the existence of an afferent route to the amygdala and primary visual cortex for fast and subliminal processing of coarse emotional face cues. We suggest that a fast route to the amygdala may also function for brief non-verbal vocalizations (e.g., laugh, cry), in which emotional category is conveyed effectively by voice tone and intensity. However, emotional prosody which evolves on longer time scales and is conveyed by fine-grained spectral cues appears to be processed via a slower, indirect cortical route. For verbal emotional content, the bulk of current evidence, indicating predominant left lateralization of the amygdala response and timing of emotional effects attributable to speeded lexical access, is more consistent with an indirect cortical route to the amygdala. Top-down linguistic modulation may play an important role for prioritized perception of emotions in words. Understanding the neural dynamics and interactions of emotion and language perception is important for selecting potent stimuli and devising effective training and/or treatment approaches for the alleviation of emotional dysfunction across a range of neuropsychiatric states.
The Potential Effectiveness of Self-Compassion, Cognitive Emotion Regulation and Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction Training as Stress-Management Strategies for Teachers Working in an International Context

This thesis explored the relationships between 1) Self-compassion 2) Cognitive Emotion Regulation and 3) Mindfulness Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and teacher stress in a foreign international school setting. The retrospective, multi-tiered study investigated a total of 177 expatriated teachers working in multiple international schools around the globe; at least 17 of whom indicated that they had completed a MBSR course. A mixedmethods approach was used over three stages utilising the following instruments: 1) an adapted stress impact survey, 2) Teacher Interview Protocol (TIP), 3) the short forms of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ-SF), the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS-SF), and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-4). Results suggest that teachers’ beliefs about stress correlate with job satisfaction; 82.6% of respondents who reported that stress has ‘hardly any effect’ also reported that they liked their job overall; whereas, 76.9% and 36.4% of respondents that believed stress had affected their teaching ‘some’ or ‘a lot’ reported liking their job, respectively. Results also indicate that higher perceived stress is strongly correlated with both 1) decreased self-compassion (r = .491, p<.001) and 2) increased use of non-adaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies, such as Catastrophizing (r= <0.392, p< .001). All five adaptive cognitive coping strategies were positively correlated with Self-Compassion, four were significant; only Refocus on Planning failed to reach significance at p<. 05. The data indicated no statistically significant differences between MBSR and non-MBSR participants, regarding perceptions of stress (PSS-4), self-compassion (SCS-SF), and eight of the nine coping strategies (CERQ-S), with the exception being that MBSR participants experienced reduced Self-Blame (p < 0.007). Conclusions find that policies and practices aimed at supporting the three aspects of self-compassion offer one possible avenue to reducing teacher stress and maladaptive thinking strategies, and thereby increasing job satisfaction, for teachers working in a foreign country.
A systematic literature review of the etiology of borderline personality disorder from an ecological systems PERSPECTIVE

ABSTRACT Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) is one of the most common, complex, costly, and severely impairing personality disorders, affecting an estimated 2% to 9% of the general population and 40% to 44% of the inpatient psychiatric population. A review of the literature was conducted using a systematic methodology. By incorporating an ecological systems perspective, a holistic and comprehensive critique of the literature surrounding the etiology of BPD is presented. The findings reveal that the etiology of BPD is a complex integration of psychological, biological, and social factors. More specifically, however, this review found that: (1) the etiology of BPD is complex and has many factors, (2) the dominant discourse about the etiology of BPD is based primarily in the psychological and biological literature, and (3) the examination of BPD etiology has focused solely on the individual and microsystems levels, neglecting to consider systemic factors such as the impact of discriminatory health and mental healthcare practices. Findings and future directions are explored through the ecological systems theory lens.
Productivity Shocks in a Model with Vintage Capital and Heterogeneous Labor

We construct a vintage capital model in which worker skills lie along a continuum and workers can be paired with dierent vintages (as tech- nology evolves) under a matching rule of "best worker with the best machine". Labor reallocation in response to technology shocks has two key implications for the wage premium. First, it limits both the magnitude and duration of change in the wage premium following a (permanent) embodied technology shock, so empirically plausible shocks do not lead to the kind of increases in the wage premium observed in the U.S. during the 1980s and early 1990s (though an increase in labor force heterogeneity does). Second, positive dis- embodied technology shocks tend to push up the wage premium as well, and while this eect
What is successful ageing and who should define it?

The substantial increases in life expectancy at birth achieved over the previous century, combined with medical advances, escalating health and social care costs, and higher expectations for older age, have led to international interest in how to promote a healthier old age and how to age "successfully. " Changing patterns of illness in old age, with morbidity being compressed into fewer years and effective interventions to reduce disability and health risks in later life, make the goal of ageing successfully more realistic. Debate continues about whether disability has been postponed, although the Berlin ageing study and the US MacArthur study of ageing showed that greater longevity has resulted in fewer, not more, years of disability. A forward looking policy for older age would be a programme to promote successful ageing from middle age onwards, rather than simply aiming to support elderly people with chronic conditions. But what is successful ageing? And who should define it?
Computational Modeling of the Mechanism of Urease

In order to elucidate aspects of the mechanism of the hydrolytic enzyme urease, theoretical calculations were undertaken on a model of the active site, using density functional theory. The bridging oxygen donor that has been found in the crystal structures was determined to be a hydroxide ion. The initial coordination of urea at the active site occurs most likely through the urea oxygen to the nickel ion with the lowest coordination number. This coordination can be made without much gain in energy. The calculations also showed that weak coordination of one of the urea amine nitrogen atoms to the second nickel atom is energetically feasible. Furthermore, a proposed mechanism including a tetrahedral intermediate generated by hydrolytic attack on the urea carbon by the bridging hydroxide was modeled, and the tetrahedral intermediate was found to be energetically unfavorable relative to terminal coordination of the substrate (urea).