Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Poor outcome of revised resurfacing hip arthroplasty

Background and purpose Recent years have seen a rapid increase in the use of resurfacing hip arthroplasty despite the lack of literature on the long-term outcome. In particular, there is little evidence regarding the outcome of revisions of primary resurfacing. The purpose of this analysis was to examine the survivorship of primary resurfacing hip arthroplasties that have been revised. Patients and methods Over 12,000 primary resurfacing hip arthroplasties were recorded by the Australian Orthopaedic Association National Joint Replacement Registry between September 1, 1999 and December 31, 2008. During this time, 397 revisions for reasons other than infection were reported for these primary resurfacings and classified as acetabular, femoral, or both acetabular and femoral revisions. The survivorship of the different types of revisions was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method and compared using proportional hazard models. Additionally, the outcome of a femoral-only revision was compared to that of primary conventional total hip arthroplasty. Results Acetabular-only revision had a high risk of re-revision compared to femoral-only and both acetabular and femoral revision (5-year cumulative per cent revision of 20%, 7%, and 5% respectively). Femoral-only revision had a risk of re-revision similar to that of revision of both the acetabular and femoral components. Femoral-only revision had over twice the risk of revision of primary conventional total hip arthroplasty. Interpretation Revision of a primary resurfacing arthroplasty is associated with a major risk of re-revision. The best outcome is achieved when either the femoral-only or both the acetabular and femoral components are revised. Technically straightforward femoral-only revisions generally have a worse outcome than a primary conventional total hip arthroplasty.
Causal Impact for App Store Analysis

App developers naturally want to know which of their releases are successful and which are unsuccessful. Such information can help with release planning and requirements prioritisation and elicitation. To address this problem, I performed causal analysis on 52 weeks of popular app releases from Google Play and Windows Phone Store. The results reveal properties of successful releases in multiple app stores, and showcase causal analysis as a useful technique for developers seeking to know more about their software releases.
Body weight gain and serum leptin levels of non-overweight and overweight/obese pregnant women

Background Our objective was to evaluate changes in serum leptin levels during pregnancy in overweight/obese and non-obese women and to assess total and percent weight gain during pregnancy as possible factors that influence leptin levels. Material/Methods In a prospective study of 42 low-risk pregnant women receiving prenatal care, we assessed serum leptin levels at gestational weeks 9–12, 25–28, and 34–37. Based on their pre-pregnancy body mass indices (BMIs), the cohort was divided into: non-overweight (BMI <25 kg/m2) and overweight/obese (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) subjects. Results We found a progressive increase in maternal weight gain during pregnancy in both groups. There was also a progressive increase in leptin levels in the 2 strata; however, the increase was significantly higher in the non-overweight patient group. We found that non-overweight pregnant women had a noticeably larger total weight gain. When analyzing the percent weight gain during pregnancy compared to the pre-pregnancy weight, the non-overweight group had a significantly greater percent weight gain than the overweight/obese group. Conclusions Our results suggest that the greater increase in leptin levels in non-overweight pregnant women can be explained by the higher percent weight gain in this group compared to overweight/obese women. These findings suggest that controlling the percent weight gain may be an important preventive measure when controlling leptin levels during pregnancy and subsequent medical complications.
Role of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and CD146 in epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated angiogenesis in salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) of the salivary gland in the head and neck is characterized by indolent yet persistent growth, multiple local recurrences and early hematogenous metastasis. Considering the possible association between the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling pathway and angiogenesis in various types of cancer and the overexpression of EGFR in AdCC, it is reasonable to examine the correlation between angiogenesis and the EGFR signaling pathway in this carcinoma. In the present study, the expression of EGFR, CD31, CD146 and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) were evaluated by immunohistochemical staining with tissue microarray containing normal salivary gland (NSG), pleomorphic adenoma (PMA) and AdCC tissues. Pearson's correlation coefficient was conducted to demonstrate the correlation between EGFR, CD31, CD146 and HIF-1α. To determine their similarity and intimacy, hierarchical analysis was performed with Cluster 3.0 and then visualized using TreeView software. Immunohistochemical results of tissue microarrays were quantified, revealing that the expression of EGFR, CD146 and HIF-1α increased in AdCC compared with in PMA and NSG tissues. The association between the expression of EGFR and CD31 was significant and positive. The expression of CD146 and HIF-1α was positively correlated with EGFR and CD31, respectively. These findings suggest that the EGFR signaling pathway has a vital role in AdCC progression and may be associated with HIF-1α-mediated angiogenesis. These results may enhance our understanding of the mechanism underlying AdCC progression and provide potential clinical therapeutic strategies based on the inhibition of EGFR.
An Improved Genetic Algorithm

In this paper, an improved Genetic Algorithm is proposed. We introduce Support Vector Machines (SVM) into Genetic Algorithm (GA) based on the traditional GA. Through forecasting the gene encoding to divide the chromosomes, it reduces the searching range of gene. Finally, the experimental results prove that the improved algorithm has reached the aim of accelerating the constringency speed and shortening the computing time.
The 2dF QSO Redshift Survey – XII. The spectroscopic catalogue and luminosity function

We present the final catalogue of the 2dF QSO Redshift Survey (2QZ), based on Anglo-Australian Telescope 2dF spectroscopic observations of 44 576 colour-selected (ub J r) objects with 18.25 < b J < 20.85 selected from automated plate measurement scans of UK Schmidt Telescope (UKST) photographic plates. The 2QZ comprises 23 338 quasi-stellar objects (QSOs), 12 292 galactic stars (including 2071 white dwarfs) and 4558 compact narrow emission-line galaxies. We obtained a reliable spectroscopic identification for 86 per cent of objects observed with 2dF. We also report on the 6dF QSO Redshift Survey (6QZ), based on UKST 6dF observations of 1564 brighter (16 < b J < 18.25) sources selected from the same photographic input catalogue. In total, we identified 322 QSOs spectroscopically in the 6QZ. The completed 2QZ is, by more than a factor of 50, the largest homogeneous QSO catalogue ever constructed at these faint limits (b J < 20.85) and high QSO surface densities (35 QSOs deg -2 ). As such, it represents an important resource in the study of the Universe at moderate-to-high redshifts. As an example of the results possible with the 2QZ, we also present our most recent analysis of the optical QSO luminosity function and its cosmological evolution with redshift. For a flat, Ω m = 0.3 and Ω A = 0.7, universe, we find that a double power law with luminosity evolution that is exponential in look-back time, τ, of the form L* bJ (z) α e 6. 15τ , equivalent to an e-folding time of 2 Gyr, provides an acceptable fit to the redshift dependence of the QSO LF over the range 0.4 < z < 2.1 and M bJ < -22.5. Evolution described by a quadratic in redshift is also an acceptable fit, with L* bJ (z) α 10 1.39 z-0.29z 2 .
Epidemiological and Virological Characteristics of Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) School Outbreaks in China in 2009

Background During the 2009 pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus (pH1N1) outbreak, school students were at an increased risk of infection by the pH1N1 virus. However, the estimation of the attack rate showed significant variability. Methods Two school outbreaks were investigated in this study. A questionnaire was designed to collect information by interview. Throat samples were collected from all the subjects in this study 6 times and sero samples 3 times to confirm the infection and to determine viral shedding. Data analysis was performed using the software STATA 9.0. Findings The attack rate of the pH1N1 outbreak was 58.3% for the primary school, and 52.9% for the middle school. The asymptomatic infection rates of the two schools were 35.8% and 37.6% respectively. Peak virus shedding occurred on the day of ARI symptoms onset, followed by a steady decrease over subsequent days (p = 0.026). No difference was found either in viral shedding or HI titer between the symptomatic and the asymptomatic infectious groups. Conclusions School children were found to be at a high risk of infection by the novel virus. This may be because of a heightened risk of transmission owing to increased mixing at boarding school, or a lack of immunity owing to socio-economic status. We conclude that asymptomatically infectious cases may play an important role in transmission of the pH1N1 virus.
Kernel-based identification of Hammerstein systems for nonlinear acoustic echo-cancellation

Traditional acoustic echo cancelers use a linear model to represent the echo path. Nevertheless, many consumer devices include loudspeakers and audio power amplifiers that may generate significant nonlinear distortions, creating the need for acoustic echo cancelers to produce a nonlinear filter response. To address this issue, we propose a nonlinear acoustic echo cancellation algorithm based on the framework of kernel methods. We model the echo path as a Hammerstein system, and we propose a resource-efficient strategy to identify the nonlinear and linear parts. While the basic algorithm is presented as an iterative batch method, we show that a simple extension allows it to be used in online scenarios as well. Results for both types of scenarios show that the algorithm produces good results on a system with a clipping nonlinearity and a realistic room impulse response.
Formal education level versus self-rated literacy as predictors of cognitive aging.

OBJECTIVES To compare the prediction of cognitive functioning by formal education and self-rated literacy and the differences in prediction across younger and older cohorts. METHOD Data on 28,535 respondents were drawn from a cross-sectional representative sample of community-dwelling older individuals (≥50), participating in the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe. Education level was classified according to the International Standard Classification of Education 1997 (ISCED-1997) self-rated literacy was determined by having respondents rate their reading and writing on 1-5 scales. Cognitive functioning was measured by verbal recall, word fluency, and arithmetic ability. RESULTS Structural equation modeling demonstrated that self-rated literacy was more strongly associated with cognitive functioning than was education level, with or without additional exogenous variables (age, sex, household income, medical conditions, activities of daily living, reading eyesight, and country). The association between education level and cognitive functioning was weaker in older than in younger age groups, whereas the association between self-rated literacy and cognitive functioning showed the opposite trend. DISCUSSION Self-rated literacy was found to be a better predictor of late-life cognitive functioning than was the level of formal education. The results have implications for studies of age-related differences in which education level is taken into account.
The Role of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Mutations and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Lung Cancer

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases comprise approximately 85% of the lung cancer cases. Before the era of target therapy, platinum-based doublet chemotherapy only led to a median survival of 8–9 months and a one-year survival of 30%–40% in patients with advanced NSCLC. In July 2002, gefitinib, a small-molecule epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), was approved for the treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC in Japan. After the widespread use of gefitinib in the treatment of NSCLC, there have been many new studies regarding the association between the clinical anticancer efficacy of gefitinib and the somatic EGFR mutation status in patients with NSCLC. This article summarizes the role of EGFR mutations in lung cancer and the use of EGFR antagonists in the treatment of lung cancer and its associated adverse effects.
Revisiting Azusa Street: A Centennial Retrospect

April 2006 I April 2006 North American Pentecostals mark the centenary of an event that stands at the core of their myth of origins. It happened in Los Angeles and takes its name from its location—Azusa Street, an unremarkable thoroughfare that became a byword to thousands of devout women and men who mingled with the merely curious between 1906 and 1908 at a modest building known as the Azusa Street Mission. There from mid-April 1906 through at least 1908, revival meetings ran almost continuously. Along with traditional revival rhetoric about sin and salvation, visitors heard exhortations to pursue heart purity and spiritual power. But more compelling than the rhetoric or the hearty singing and agonized prayers that filled the hours were the gifts of the Holy Spirit in action. At Azusa Street one could see and hear the “utterance gifts” listed in 1 Corinthians 12:8–10: tongues, interpretations of tongues, prophecies, and words of knowledge and wisdom. Seekers travailed in prayer for the baptism with the Holy Spirit, an experience they expected would be attested by speaking in tongues. Since they were told it “came only on the sanctified life,” confession of sin and inner conviction of forgiveness also had a prominent place. People who had “broken through” to Spirit baptism interpreted tongues and prophesied; the sick came for healing; the curious and scoffers came, too, drawn by newspaper cartoons or word-of-mouth, or perhaps by the bedlam. Startling claims became commonplace among the faithful: from visions to the ability to converse readily in unknown foreign languages, participants in the Azusa Street revival dealt daily in the miraculous. They concluded that they held center stage in God’s plan for the last days; events at the Azusa Street Mission were nothing less than a “new Pentecost”—a long-awaited “restoration of the faith once delivered to the saints” that would issue in an unprecedented burst of evangelism before the end of time. Their name, Apostolic Faith Movement, captured their conviction that they stood in continuity with New Testament Christian experience; the label “Pentecostal” came a little later and pointed to the centrality of the first Christian Pentecost in their self-understanding.1 Now, a century later, no one knows how many Pentecostal Christians there are. In the United States, Pentecostal denominations boast over 10 million members. If one adds the persons in other Christian churches who embrace Pentecostal-like beliefs and practices, the number more than doubles. In addition, estimates suggest at least 500 million adherents abroad, making Revisiting Azusa Street: A Centennial Retrospect
Presenting Survey Items One at a Time Compared to All at Once Decreases Missing Data without Sacrificing Validity in Research with Internet Volunteers

In two large web-based studies, across five distinct criteria, presenting survey items one-at-a-time was psychometrically either the same or better than presenting survey items all-at-once on a single web page to volunteer participants. In the one-at-a-time format, participants were no more likely to drop-out of the study (Criterion 1), and were much more likely to provide answers for the survey items (Criterion 2). Rehabilitating participants who otherwise would not have provided survey responses with the one-at-a-time format did not damage internal consistency of the measures (Criterion 3) nor did it negatively affect criterion validity (Criterion 4). Finally, the one-at-a-time format was more efficient with participants completing it more quickly than the all-at-once format (Criterion 5). In short, the one-at-a-time format results in less missing data with a shorter presentation time, and ultimately more power to detect relations among variables.
IL-17 Induces an Expanded Range of Downstream Genes in Reconstituted Human Epidermis Model

Background IL-17 is the defining cytokine of the Th17, Tc17, and γδ T cell populations that plays a critical role in mediating inflammation and autoimmunity. Psoriasis vulgaris is an inflammatory skin disease mediated by Th1 and Th17 cytokines with relevant contributions of IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-17. Despite the pivotal role IL-17 plays in psoriasis, and in contrast to the other key mediators involved in the psoriasis cytokine cascade that are capable of inducing broad effects on keratinocytes, IL-17 was demonstrated to regulate the expression of a limited number of genes in monolayer keratinocytes cultured in vitro. Methodology/Principal Findings Given the clinical efficacy of anti-IL-17 agents is associated with an impressive reduction in a large set of inflammatory genes, we sought a full-thickness skin model that more closely resemble in vivo epidermal architecture. Using a reconstructed human epidermis (RHE), IL-17 was able to upregulate 419 gene probes and downregulate 216 gene probes. As possible explanation for the increased gene induction in the RHE model is that C/CAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP) -β, the transcription factor regulating IL-17-responsive genes, is expressed preferentially in differentiated keratinocytes. Conclusions/Significance The genes identified in IL-17-treated RHE are likely relevant to the IL-17 effects in psoriasis, since ixekizumab (anti-IL-17A agent) strongly suppressed the “RHE” genes in psoriasis patients treated in vivo with this IL-17 antagonist.
Apical Localization of Sodium-Dependent Glucose Transporter SGLT1 is Maintained by Cholesterol and Microtubules

A GFP-labeled sodium-dependent glucose transporter SGLT1 (SGLT-GFP) was transfected into MDCK cells. SGLT-GFP was localized at the apical membrane in confluent cells. When cellular cholesterol was depleted by methyl-β-cyclodextrin (MβCD) treatment, the localization of SGLT-GFP gradually switched from apical to whole plasma membrane. Time-lapse microscopy revealed that the effect of MβCD appeared within 30 min, and that the transition of SGLT-GFP to the whole plasma membrane was completed within 2 hr after the administration. Immunofluorescence microscopy revealed that the tight junction framework remained steady during this process. The effect of MβCD on SGLT-GFP localization was counterbalanced by the addition of cholesterol into the culture medium. Disruption of microtubules by colcemid also perturbed SGLT-GFP localization. SGLT-GFP localized to the whole plasma membrane by colcemid treatment, and apical localization was restored within 1 hr after removal of colcemid. Inhibition of protein synthesis by cycloheximide had no effect on the transition of SGLT-GFP induced by the MβCD or colcemid. These results indicated that the apical localization of SGLT-GFP is maintained by cellular cholesterol and microtubules, possibly with an apical recycling machinery.
Racial Discrimination Among NBA Referees

The NBA provides an intriguing place to test for taste-based discrimination: referees and players are involved in repeated interactions in a high-pressure setting with referees making the type of split-second decisions that might allow implicit racial biases to become evident. Moreover, the referees receive constant monitoring, and feedback on their performance. (Commissioner Stern has claimed that NBA referees “are the most ranked, rated, reviewed, statistically analyzed and mentored group of employees of any company in any place in the world.”) The essentially arbitrary assignment of refereeing crews to basketball games, and the number of repeated interactions allow us to convincingly test for own-race preferences. We find that—even conditioning on player and referee fixed effects (and specific game fixed effects)—that more personal fouls are awarded against players when they are officiated by an opposite-race officiating crew than when officiated by an own-race refereeing crew. These biases are sufficiently large that we find appreciable differences in whether predominantly black teams are more likely to win or lose, according to the racial composition of the refereeing crew. JEL codes: K42, J15, J71
Outcomes of Early Risk Stratification and Targeted Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Implantation After ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction Treated With Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention

Background— Methods to identify high-risk patients and timing of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapy after ST-elevation myocardial infarction need further optimization. Methods and Results— We evaluated outcomes of early ICD implantation in patients with inducible ventricular tachycardia. Consecutive patients treated with primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction underwent early left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) assessment. Patients with LVEF >40% were discharged (group 1); patients with LVEF ≤40% underwent risk stratification with electrophysiological study. If no ventricular tachycardia was induced, patients were discharged without an ICD (group 2). If sustained monomorphic ventricular tachycardia (≥200-ms cycle length) was induced, an ICD was implanted before discharge (group 3). Follow-up was obtained up to 30 months in all patients and up to 48 months in a subgroup of patients with LVEF ≤30% without an ICD. The primary end point was total mortality. Group 1 (n=574) had a mean LVEF of 54±8%; group 2 (n=83), 32±6%; and group 3 (n=32), 29±7%. At a median follow-up of 12 months, there was no significant difference in survival between the 3 groups (P=0.879), with mortality rates of 3%, 3%, and 6% for groups 1 through 3, respectively. In the subgroup of group 2 patients with LVEF ≤30% and no ICD (n=25), there was 9% mortality at a median follow-up of 25 months. In group 3, 19% had spontaneous ICD activation resulting from ventricular tachycardia. Conclusions— Early ICD implantation limited to patients with inducible ventricular tachycardia enables a low overall mortality in patients with impaired LVEF after primary percutaneous coronary intervention for ST-elevation myocardial infarction.