Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What Color Is Your Parachute?: A Practical Manual for Job-Hunters and Career-Changers

From the Publisher What Color is Your Parachute? has been Ten Speed's best-selling book for nearly three decades, and it continues to be the job-hunter's bible—even in times of a strong, robust economy, when conventional wisdom says "Job-hunting books don't sell. " Parachute is a fixture on best-seller lists, from amazon.com to Business Week; has well over six million copies in print; and exists in ten languages around the world.
Immunophenotypic analysis of erythroid dysplasia in myelodysplastic syndromes. A report from the IMDSFlow working group

Current recommendations for diagnosing myelodysplastic syndromes endorse flow cytometry as an informative tool. Most flow cytometry protocols focus on the analysis of progenitor cells and the evaluation of the maturing myelomonocytic lineage. However, one of the most frequently observed features of myelodysplastic syndromes is anemia, which may be associated with dyserythropoiesis. Therefore, analysis of changes in flow cytometry features of nucleated erythroid cells may complement current flow cytometry tools. The multicenter study within the IMDSFlow Working Group, reported herein, focused on defining flow cytometry parameters that enable discrimination of dyserythropoiesis associated with myelodysplastic syndromes from non-clonal cytopenias. Data from a learning cohort were compared between myelodysplasia and controls, and results were validated in a separate cohort. The learning cohort comprised 245 myelodysplasia cases, 290 pathological, and 142 normal controls; the validation cohort comprised 129 myelodysplasia cases, 153 pathological, and 49 normal controls. Multivariate logistic regression analysis performed in the learning cohort revealed that analysis of expression of CD36 and CD71 (expressed as coefficient of variation), in combination with CD71 fluorescence intensity and the percentage of CD117+ erythroid progenitors provided the best discrimination between myelodysplastic syndromes and non-clonal cytopenias (specificity 90%; 95% confidence interval: 84–94%). The high specificity of this marker set was confirmed in the validation cohort (92%; 95% confidence interval: 86–97%). This erythroid flow cytometry marker combination may improve the evaluation of cytopenic cases with suspected myelodysplasia, particularly when combined with flow cytometry assessment of the myelomonocytic lineage.
Endogenous Strength of Intellectual Property Rights: Implications for Economic Development and Growth

The key institution that determines sustained growth in R&D-based growth models is the strength of intellectual property rights, which are usually assumed to be exogenous. In this paper we endogenize the strength of the intellectual property rights and show how private incentives to protect these rights affect economic development and growth. Our model explains endogenous differences in intellectual property rights across countries as private incentives to invest in property rights generate multiple equilibria. We show that the resulting institutional threshold offers an explanation for why the effect of a transfer of institutions from one country to another depends on the quality of the institutions that were imported.
60-GHz PA and LNA in 90-nm RF-CMOS

60-GHz power (PA) and low-noise (LNA) amplifiers implemented in a 90-nm RF-CMOS process with thick 9-metal layer copper backend and transistor fT/fmax of 140GHz/170GHz are reported. The PA operates from a 1.5V supply with 5.2dB power gain, a 3-dB bandwidth >13GHz, a P1dBof +6.4dBm with 7% PAE and a saturated output power of +9.3dBm at 60GHz. The LNA features 14.6dB gain, an IIP3 of -6.8dBm, and a simulated NF of 4.5dB, while drawing 16mA from a 1.5V supply. Both circuits employ inductors which reduce the total PA and LNA die sizes to 0.35 times 0.43 mm2 and 0.35 times 0.40 mm2, respectively
Stream Computations Organized for Reconfigurable Execution (SCORE): Introduction and Tutorial

A primary impediment to wide-spread exploitation of reconfigurable computing is the lack of a unifying computational model which allows application portability and longevity without sacrificing a substantial fraction of the raw capabilities. We introduce SCORE (Stream Computation Organized for Reconfigurable Execution), a streambased compute model which virtualizes reconfigurable computing resources (compute, storage, and communication) by dividing a computation up into fixed-size “pages” and time-multiplexing the virtual pages on available physical hardware. Consequently, SCORE applications can scale up or down automatically to exploit a wide range of hardware sizes. We hypothesize that the SCORE model will ease development and deployment of reconfigurable applications and expand the range of applications which can benefit from reconfigurable execution. Further, we believe that a well engineered SCORE implementation can be efficient, wasting little of the capabilities of the raw hardware. In this paper, we introduce the key components of the SCORE system.
Youth's Intention To Pirate Digital Products: Antecedents And Consequences

Objective of this work is to explore the antecedents and consequences of the digital piracy, adapting the theory of reasoned action. This paper focuses on Thai youths’ piracy behavior since Thailand has a high piracy rate and young consumers are the main piracy group. Qualitative approach with survey questionnaires is applied. Two hundred and twenty three samples are collected. Findings reveal that three important factors to the intention to download or buy illegitimate products are subjective norms, attitudes towards digital piracy, and perceived moral obligation. High perceived moral obligation also lower the subjective norms and attitudes towards the digital piracy. The general intention to commit digital piracy has significant influence on downloading or buying software, movies, and music. Female youths have less intention to pirate than male youths. Implications for copyrighted owners, parents, and teachers are discussed.
Automated detection of vulnerabilities in privileged programs by execution monitoring

Presents a method for detecting exploitations of vulnerabilities in privileged programs by monitoring their execution using audit trails, where the monitoring is with respect to specifications of the security-relevant behavior of the programs. Our work is motivated by the intrusion detection paradigm, but is an attempt to avoid ad hoc approaches to codifying misuse behavior. Our approach is based on the observation that although privileged programs can be exploited (due to errors) to cause security compromises in systems because of the privileges accorded to them, the intended behavior of privileged programs is, of course, limited and benign. The key, then, is to specify the intended behavior (i.e. the program policy) and to detect any action by a privileged program that is outside the intended behavior and that imperils security. We describe a program policy specification language, which is based on simple predicate logic and regular expressions. In addition, we present specifications of privileged programs in Unix, and a prototype execution monitor for analyzing audit trails with respect to these specifications. The program policies are surprisingly concise and clear, and in addition, capable of detecting exploitations of known vulnerabilities in these programs. Although our work has been motivated by the known vulnerabilities in Unix, we believe that by tightly restricting the behavior of all privileged programs, exploitations of unknown vulnerabilities can be detected. As a check on the specifications, work is in progress on verifying them with respect to an abstract security policy. <<ETX>>
Speed/accuracy trade-offs in target-directed movements

This target article presents a critical survey of the scientific literature dealing with the speed/accuracy trade-offs in rapid-aimed movements. It highlights the numerous mathematical and theoretical interpretations that have been proposed in recent decades. Although the variety of points of view reflects the richness of the field and the high degree of interest that such basic phenomena attract in the understanding of human movements, it calls into question the ability of many models to explain the basic observations consistently reported in the field. This target article summarizes the kinematic theory of rapid human movements, proposed recently by R. Plamondon (1993b; 1993c; 1995a; 1995b), and analyzes its predictions in the context of speed/accuracy trade-offs. Data from human movement literature are reanalyzed and reinterpreted in the context of the new theory. It is shown that the various aspects of speed/ accuracy trade-offs can be taken into account by considering the asymptotic behavior of a large number of coupled linear systems, from which a delta-lognormal law can be derived to describe the velocity profile of an end-effector driven by a neuromuscular synergy. This law not only describes velocity profiles almost perfectly, it also predicts the kinematic properties of simple rapid movements and provides a consistent framework for the analysis of different types of speed/accuracy trade-offs using a quadratic (or power) law that emerges from the model.
One Stage Is Not Enough

WE WELCOME THE OPPORTUNITY to offer our reflections on Philip Gerrans’ interesting paper. Our opinion is that on fundamental issues we agree quite a bit—but there are clear differences when it comes to details. The most basic issue concerns the nature of the enterprise. Like Gerrans, we think that it is possible to create testable accounts of the formation and maintenance of what would otherwise seem bizarre and inexplicable delusions, and that these accounts should be grounded in theoretical models of factors that underpin our everyday perception and reasoning. This general approach certainly forms part of what has been called cognitive neuropsychiatry. However, we disagree with Gerrans in that we see cognitive neuropsychiatry as an attempt to draw on the underlying logic of cognitive neuropsychology, rather than (as Gerrans implies) its current methods. The underlying logic of cognitive neuropsychological approaches has been to try to understand the effects of brain injury in terms of disruption of different components of theoretical models of normal abilities. In this approach, a model of normal performance is tested by its ability to account for the effects of brain injury. Where the model of normal performance also provides a convincing account of brain injury it is retained, and when it fails to account for effects of brain injury, it is revised or abandoned. In cognitive neuropsychiatry, the key theoretical move has been to argue that an adequate model of normal performance should be able to account for any disordered pattern (Ellis and Young 1990). The same logic of seeking to explain disordered performance by reference to models of normal function is then attempted, but for disorders that would usually fall within the province of psychiatry. In our opinion, however, cognitive neuropsychiatry will not simply involve importing the methods of cognitive neuropsychology into the new domain; they will need to be developed and adapted to fit the new agenda (Young 2000). In cognitive neuropsychology, progress has often come from the careful investigation of people with stable, selective deficits of fundamental cognitive functions involved in sensory analysis, memory, and verbal or motor output. In contrast, delusional beliefs can be relatively unstable; often they are only held for a few weeks or even days. When the delusions change, patients may modify or abandon them as suddenly as they seemed to form them, or they may give them up much more slowly and reluctantly. At the very least, this creates difficulties in the timing of investigations and in interpreting the relation of deficits and symptoms, which may be recorded on separate dates. These methodological prob-
Molecular Diagnosis of Malaria Infection: A Survey in a Hospital in Central Italy

Malaria is a dramatic disease caused by the protozoan parasites of Plasmodium genus, with Plasmodium falciparum being the deadliest. Up to date 212 million malaria cases estimated worldwide in 2015 [1] and 429 thousand deaths. The diagnosis based on only the clinical symptoms is often not sufficient since this disease shows a wide range of nonspecific symptomsun distinguishable by other diseases [2]. For this reason, in non-endemic areas, malaria continues to pose challenges in diagnosis and management [3]. Common malaria symptoms are headache and myalgia. Other symptoms like feverfor up to two days, fatigue, loss of appetite and body pains can be observed. Other symptoms may include nausea, vomiting, dry cough, icterus, confusion and respiratory distress [3].
Prophylactic cranial irradiation in small cell lung cancer.

Prophylatic cranial irradiation (PCI) in patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a treatment under evaluation for about 30 years. Since the first randomized trials, it was clear that its use significantly decreased the brain metastasis rate. However, its effect on overall survival was not demonstrated. Retrospective reviews suggested that PCI could induce late neurologic damage. In recent years, two large randomized trials did not confirm this deleterious effect and even suggested a beneficial effect on survival. A recent meta-analysis including almost 1,000 randomized patients confirmed an improvement in overall survival. We discuss here the different aspects of this preventive treatment in a potentially curable disease.
Optimal and robust epidemic response for multiple networks

We study the optimization of malicious software removal or patch deployment processes across multiple networks. The well-known classical epidemic model is adapted to model malware propagation in this multi-network framework. We capture the trade-off between the infection spread and the patching costs in a cost function, leading to an optimal control problem. We linearize the system to derive feedback controllers using pole-placement, linear quadratic regulator (LQR) optimal control, and Hinfin optimal control, where we explicitly model measurement errors in the number of infected clients. The resulting patching strategies are analyzed numerically and their results are compared. The proportional response that is typically assumed for the classical epidemic model is shown to be sub-optimal.
Biosynthesis, membrane association, and release of N-CAM-120, a phosphatidylinositol-linked form of the neural cell adhesion molecule

The neural cell adhesion molecule (N-CAM) of rodents comprises three distinct proteins of Mr 180,000, 140,000, and 120,000 (designated N-CAM- 180, -140, and -120). They are expressed in different proportions by different tissues and cell types. but the individual contribution of each form to cell adhesion is presently unknown. Previous studies have shown that the two N-CAM species of higher relative molecular mass span the membrane whereas N-CAM-120 lacks a transmembrane domain and can be released from the cell surface by phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C. In this report, we provided evidence that N-CAM-120 contained covalently bound phosphatidylinositol and studied N-CAM-120 from its biosynthesis to its membrane insertion and finally to its release from the cell surface. Evidence was presented showing that the lipid tail of N-CAM-120 contained ethanolamine as is the case for other lipid-linked molecules. The phospholipid anchor was attached to the protein during the first minutes after completion of the polypeptide chain. This process took place in the endoplasmic reticulum as judged from endoglycosidase H digestion experiments. Immediately after a 2-min pulse with [35S]methionine, we detected also a short-lived precursor that had not yet acquired the lipid tail. Pulse-chase studies established that N-CAM-120 was transported to the cell surface from which it was slowly released into the extracellular milieu. The molecules recovered in the incubation medium appeared to have lost all of their bound fatty acid but only around half of the ethanolamine. Upon fractionation of brain tissue, approximately 75% of N-CAM-120 was recovered with a membrane fraction and approximately 25% in a membrane- free supernatant. A small proportion (approximately 6%) was found to be resistant to extraction by non-ionic detergent. A major posttranslational modification of N-CAM is polysialylation. Our results showed that also N-CAM-120 was polysialylated in the young postnatal brain and released in this form from cultured cerebellar cells. The presence of N-CAM in a form that can be released from the cell surface and accumulates in the extracellular fluid suggests a novel mechanism by which N-CAM-mediated adhesion may be modulated.
Evidence Favoring the Use of an &agr;2-Selective Vasopressor Agent for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation

Background—Both &agr;1- and &bgr;-adrenergic agonists increase the severity of global myocardial ischemic injury. We hypothesized that combined &bgr;- and &agr;1-adrenergic blockade would improve initial resuscitation and postresuscitation myocardial and neurological functions. We further hypothesized that the resulting &agr;2-actions of relatively brief duration would favor improved functions compared with the more prolonged effect of nonadrenergic vasopressin. Methods and Results—Three groups of 5 male domestic pigs weighing 37±3 kg were investigated. Ventricular fibrillation was untreated for 7 minutes before the start of precordial compression, mechanical ventilation, and attempted defibrillation. Animals were randomized to receive central venous injections of equipressor doses of (1) epinephrine, (2) epinephrine in which both &agr;1- and &bgr;-adrenergic effects were blocked by previous administration of prazosin and propranolol, and (3) vasopressin during CPR. All but 1 animal were successfully resuscitated. After injection of epinephrine, significantly better cardiac output and fractional area change, together with lesser increases in troponin I, were observed after &agr;1- and &bgr;-adrenergic blockade. Postresuscitation neurological function was also improved after &agr;1- and &bgr;-block in comparison with unblocked epinephrine and after vasopressin. Conclusions—Equipressor doses of epinephrine, epinephrine after &agr;1- and &bgr;-adrenergic blockade, and vasopressin were equally effective in restoring spontaneous circulation after prolonged ventricular fibrillation. However, combined &agr;1- and &bgr;-adrenergic blockade, which represented a predominantly selective &agr;2-vasopressor effect, resulted in improved postresuscitation cardiac and neurological recovery.
Exercising Social Responsibility in Downsizing: Enrolling and Mobilizing Actors at a Swedish High-Tech Company

This paper critically examines the claim made by previous research that companies exercise corporate social responsibility (CSR) by responding to stakeholder interests. It is based on a field study of the events following the announcement of collective redundancies at a Swedish high-tech company. Although more than 10,000 workers were dismissed, the company was accepted as being socially responsible. The study reveals that this outcome was the result of a process whereby corporate representatives managed to enrol and mobilize a network of actors into being faithful to, and defending, their definition of social responsibility. This indicates that a company can assume an active role in the construction of the same network of actors that it is asked to respond to and impose upon other actors its own definition of what it means to be socially responsible. As a result, the translation of CSR within the network of actors may reinforce the powerful position of the company, rather than curb it.
Youth Tobacco Product Use in the United States

BACKGROUND: Noncigarette tobacco products are increasingly popular among youth, especially cigarette smokers. Understanding multiple tobacco product use is necessary to assess the effects of tobacco products on population health. This study examines multiple tobacco product use and associated risk factors among US youth. METHODS: Estimates of current use were calculated for cigarettes, cigars, smokeless tobacco, hookah, e-cigarettes, pipes, bidis, kreteks, snus, and dissolvable tobacco by using data from the 2012 National Youth Tobacco Survey (n = 24 658), a nationally representative sample of US middle and high school students. Associations between use patterns and demographic characteristics were examined by using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS: Among youth, 14.7% currently use 1 or more tobacco products. Of these, 2.8% use cigarettes exclusively, and 4% use 1 noncigarette product exclusively; 2.7% use cigarettes with another product (dual use), and 4.3% use 3 or more products (polytobacco use). Twice as many youth use e-cigarettes alone than dual use with cigarettes. Among smokers, polytobacco use was significantly associated with male gender (adjusted relative risk ratio [aRRR] = 3.71), by using flavored products (aRRR = 6.09), nicotine dependence (aRRR = 1.91), tobacco marketing receptivity (aRRR = 2.52), and perceived prevalence of peer use of tobacco products (aRRR = 3.61, 5.73). CONCLUSIONS: More than twice as many youth in the United States currently use 2 or more tobacco products than cigarettes alone. Continued monitoring of tobacco use patterns is warranted, especially for e-cigarettes. Youth rates of multiple product use involving combustible products underscore needs for research assessing potential harms associated with these patterns.
Developing a children's Filipino speech corpus for application in automatic detection of reading miscues and disfluencies

Recognizing the potential benefit that the current speech processing technology offers to improve children's literacy, researchers in the past few years have devoted their efforts in developing reading miscue detectors (RMDs) and automated reading tutors (ARTs). A primary challenge however in developing speech technologies for children may be the unavailability of a dedicated children's speech corpus that can be used for system design and test. In the past few years, children's speech corpora have been developed for languages such as English, Dutch, Chinese Mandarin, Italian, German and Swedish. But since Filipino has features and orthography that are distinct from other languages, the focus of this study is the development of a children's Filipino speech corpus (CFSC). In this paper, we present the CFSC design, reading text, data collection procedure and speech transcription method. We also performed initial analysis of the reading miscues and disfluencies found in the CFSC. The results of the miscue analysis suggest possible ways for modeling the reading miscues and possible methods for detecting them. Among these methods are acoustic model likelihood calculation and analysis of duration-based prosodic features. The CFSC presented in this study will be used for the development of an RMD and an ART for Filipino.