Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The increasing prevalence of HIV/Helicobacter pylori co-infection over time, along with the evolution of antiretroviral therapy (ART)

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is one of the most common human bacterial infections with prevalence rates between 10–80% depending upon geographical location, age and socioeconomic status. H. pylori is commonly found in patients complaining of dyspepsia and is a common cause of gastritis. During the course of their infection, people living with HIV (PLHIV) often have a variety of gastrointestinal symptoms including dyspepsia and while previous studies have reported HIV and H. pylori co-infection, there has been little data clarifying the factors influencing this. The aim of this case-control study was to document the prevalence of H. pylori co-infection within the HIV community as well as to describe endoscopic findings, gastritis topography and histology, along with patient demographic characteristics across three different periods of time during which antiretroviral therapy (ART) has evolved, from pre- highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) to early and modern HAART eras. These data were compared to well-matched HIV negative controls. Two hundred and twelve PLHIV were compared with 1,617 controls who underwent their first esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) to investigate dyspepsia. The prevalence of H. pylori co-infection among PLHIV was significantly higher in the early (30.2%) and modern HAART period (34.4%) compared with those with coinfection from the pre-HAART period (18.2%). The higher rates seen in patients from the HAART eras were similar to those observed among HIV negative controls (38.5%). This prevalence increase among co-infected patients was in contrast to the fall in prevalence observed among controls, from 60.7% in the early period to 52.9% in the second observed period. The three PLHIV co-infected subgroups differed regarding gastritis topography, morphology and pathology. This study suggests that ART has an important impact on the endoscopic and histological features of gastritis among HIV/H. pylori co-infected individuals, raising the possibility that H. pylori-induced gastritis could be an immune restoration disease.
Underreporting of anger in men on probation

ABSTRACT Self-reports of anger in men and women who were self-referred or mandated for anger management were examined. Mandated and self-referred anger management clients completed the Novaco Anger Scale and Provocation Inventory. Probationers, overall, reported significantly less anger and more anger control than nonprobationers. Men did not report significantly less anger and more anger control than women. Significant differences among groups were largely accounted for by low reports of anger and high reports of anger control in men on probation. The authors highlight the underreporting of anger in male probationers and discuss treatment recommendations.
Multiple Interactions between Transmembrane Helices Generate the Oligomeric α1b-Adrenoceptor

Combinations of coimmunoprecipitation, single-cell fluorescence resonance energy transfer, and cell-surface time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer demonstrated protein-protein interactions and quaternary structure for the α1b-adrenoceptor. Self-association of transmembrane domain 1 and its interaction with the full-length receptor indicated a symmetrical interface provided by this domain. Lack of effect of mutation of the glycophorin-A dimerization-like region within this helix demonstrated that this did not provide the molecular mechanism. Multiple interactions were observed between the α1b-adrenoceptor and fragments derived from its sequence. Fragments comprising transmembrane domains 3 and 4 and transmembrane domains 5 and 6, but not transmembrane domain 7, were also able to interact with the full-length receptor. Transmembrane domain 7 failed to interact significantly with any element of the receptor and was not transported to the cell surface after coexpression with the full-length receptor. Symmetrical interactions were also noted between fragments incorporating transmembrane domain 4, but this segment of the receptor failed to interact with transmembrane domains 1 and 2 or transmembrane domains 5 and 6. Time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer studies were also consistent with contributions of transmembrane domains 1 and/or 2 and transmembrane domains 3 and/or 4 to protein-protein interactions within the quaternary structure of the α1b-adrenoceptor, and with a contribution of transmembrane domains 5 and/or 6. These data are consistent with a complex oligomeric quaternary structure of the α1b-adrenoceptor in which major, symmetrical interactions may define intradimeric contacts with other contributions, providing interdimer contacts to generate oligomeric complexes akin to those observed for murine rhodopsin. A model derived from this was developed.
Auditory temporal processing, phonological awareness, and oral language ability in prereaders: Can we identify children at risk for reading disability more accurately?

Abstract A longitudinal study was designed to investigate the possibility of improving current accuracy in prediction of reading disability, using phonological awareness (PA), oral language, and auditory temporal processing (ATP) as predictors. Preschoolers (n = 106) were tested on PA, and two groups were selected from the upper and lower quartiles of the PA distribution for initial testing as prereaders on ATP and oral language, and later testing on reading and oral language at the end of years 1, 2 , and 3. Oral language markedly improved levels of prediction previously achieved using PA alone. However, although ATP is related to PA and oral language in prereaders, it contributed little to prediction of reading achievement beyond that afforded by measures of PA and oral language. Options for improving the levels of prediction achieved here by increasing the sensitivity of our measure of AJP are discussed.
mTOR inhibition decreases SOX2-SOX9 mediated glioma stem cell activity and temozolomide resistance

ABSTRACT Background: SOX2 and SOX9 are commonly overexpressed in glioblastoma, and regulate the activity of glioma stem cells (GSCs). Their specific and overlapping roles in GSCs and glioma treatment remain unclear. Methods: SOX2 and SOX9 levels were examined in human biopsies. Gain and loss of function determined the impact of altering SOX2 and SOX9 on cell proliferation, senescence, stem cell activity, tumorigenesis and chemoresistance. Results: SOX2 and SOX9 expression correlates positively in glioma cells and glioblastoma biopsies. High levels of SOX2 bypass cellular senescence and promote resistance to temozolomide. Mechanistic investigations revealed that SOX2 acts upstream of SOX9. mTOR genetic and pharmacologic (rapamycin) inhibition decreased SOX2 and SOX9 expression, and reversed chemoresistance. Conclusions: Our findings reveal SOX2-SOX9 as an oncogenic axis that regulates stem cell properties and chemoresistance. We identify that rapamycin abrogate SOX protein expression and provide evidence that a combination of rapamycin and temozolomide inhibits tumor growth in cells with high SOX2/SOX9.
Ribosomal Protein S 15 A Augments Human Osteosarcoma Cell Proliferation In Vitro

As a highly conserved housekeeping gene, the biological implications of ribosomal protein S15A (RPS15A) during various processes, including carcinogenesis, remain elusive. Herein, the authors reported that knockdown of RPS15A expression significantly inhibited human osteosarcoma U2OS cell proliferation and colony formation in vitro by using a lentivirus-mediated RNA interference (RNAi) system. Moreover, an excess accumulation of cells in the G0/G1 phase was observed in U2OS cells transduced with lentivirus targeting RPS15A, suggesting that the growth inhibition mediated by RPS15A knockdown in osteosarcoma cells was probably due to the induction of cell cycle arrest. Taken together, this study highlights the crucial role of RPS15A in promoting osteosarcoma cell proliferation, and provides a foundation for further study into the clinical potential of inhibition of RPS15A for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
Simulations of ice and liquid water over a range of temperatures using the fluctuating charge model

The temperature dependence of the thermodynamic and dynamical properties of liquid water using the polarizable fluctuating charge (FQ) model is presented. The properties of ice Ih, both for a perfect lattice with no thermal disorder and at a temperature of 273 K, are also presented. In contrast to nonpolarizable models, the FQ model has a density maximum of water near 277 K. For ice, the model has a dipole moment of the perfect lattice of 3.05 Debye, in good agreement with a recent induction model calculation. The simulations at 273 K and the correct density find that thermal motion decreases the average dipole moment to 2.96 D. The liquid state dipole moment is less than the ice value and decreases with temperature.
Constraints to Pastoral Care for Distressed Children: Opinions of Head Teachers

Although initially focusing on the parental diagnosis of cancer, the findings reported in this paper have a much wider significance for pastoral care. Earlier research suggested that parental disclosure of diagnosis was not handled sensitively by some secondary schools. The earlier research dealt with the responses of parents and pupils, whilst this research focuses on the perceptions of head teachers. Using unstructured interviews, three key areas were investigated: the recommended procedures for parental contact with the school in relation to confidential issues; the policies or procedures which help or constrain staff from helping distressed children on an individual basis; the needs and concerns of headteachers and staff related to pastoral care in schools. The data provide important insights into the perceptions and issues concerning pastoral care in the current climate.
Relationship between Perceived Autonomy - Supportive Behaviors of Coaches and Self- Determined Motivation of Elite Female Players

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between perceived autonomy-supportive behaviors of coaches and self-determined motivation of elite female players in team sport fields. The research design was a descriptive- survey one which was conducted as a filed study. The research population included all female athletes in premier league team sports such as futsal, volleyball, basketball and handball, in the year 2011-12, which were about 530 people. 30 people were selected randomly from among each sport field and totally 120 athletes were tested as research samples. Autonomy-supportive behaviors of coaches and self-determined motivation were assessed through using perceived autonomy support scale for exercise settings (PASSES) and sport motivation scale (SMS) respectively. Moreover, demographic questionnaire was also distributed. The validity and reliability of mentioned questionnaires were measured and modified. In order to analyze the data, descriptive statistics, and to ascertain the relationship and predict the amount of the self-determined motivation through autonomy-supportive behaviors of coaches stepwise regression and SPSS software were used. The findings showed that autonomy-supportive behaviors of coaches had a significant positive and correlation with intrinsic motivation, interjected regulation and identified regulation of team players (α =0.05) in other words, these variables can be predicted in athletes through autonomy-supportive behaviors of coaches. While there was no significant correlation at (α =0.05) level between autonomy-supportive behaviors of coaches and a motivation of team players. The results of stepwise regression showed that autonomy-supportive behaviors of coaches can predict the players’ a motivation in reverse form. It can be inferred from the findings that autonomy-supportive behaviors of coaches directly influence the self-determined motivation of the players.
Approaches to User-Based Studies in Information Seeking and Retrieval: A Sheffield Perspective

The paper traces the development of user-based research in the Department of Information Studies at the University of Sheffield over the past 40 years, and highlights and assesses the different research questions addressed and main characteristics of projects undertaken. Four phases of user-based studies relating to information seeking and retrieval are identified including: preliminary studies on library users; empirical studies on information user groups by the Centre for research on User Studies; the development of a theoretical framework for user studies; and the integration of information seeking and retrieval research. The review concludes that user-based studies have evolved linking together studies on information use and provision, information seeking behaviour and the design and evaluation of actual retrieval systems. The unifying element has been the emphasis placed on methodological issues. More recent work is transcending user-orientated and system perspectives giving way to a more integrated approach and emergent interaction paradigm for user studies.
Responsible Cruise Tourism: Issues of Cruise Tourism and Sustainability

Cruise tourism is the fastest growing segment of leisure tourism. With its growth has come concern about the impact of cruise tourism on coastal and marine environments, local economies, and on the sociocultural nature of port communities. These three areas are key elements in analyses focused on responsible tourism, and form a critical base from which to consider strategies to ensure the sustainable development of cruise tourism. The goal of this article is to illustrate how a responsible tourism lens measures the impact of cruise tourism and, with its focus on the perceptions of host communities, more effectively addresses grassroots concerns. Case examples are used to identify and describe challenges faced by governments, communities, and the cruise industry. Analysis of these issues and challenges gives direction for how cruise tourism can grow in ways that are both sustainable and responsible.
Occurrence of ochratoxin A in Danish wheat and rye, 1992-99

Ochratoxin A concentrations in rye and wheat in Denmark for 1992–99 are reported. The results show that the concentration of ochratoxin A is higher in rye than in wheat for both conventionally and organically grown rye and wheat. The levels in organically grown rye are higher than in conventionally grown based on multiyear mean contents. However, the difference between the two groups of cereals has decreased since the Danish food-monitoring system for ochratoxin A was started in 1986; 2.0% of all samples exceeded the Danish maximum limit of 5 μg kg-1 introduced in 1995. For rye samples, 3.2% exceeded the maximum limit, and for wheat samples, 0.5% exceeded the maximum limit.
DT-CGRA: Dual-track coarse-grained reconfigurable architecture for stream applications

This paper presents a new type of coarse-grained reconfigurable architecture (CGRA) for the object inference domain in machine learning. The proposed CGRA is optimized for stream processing and a correspondent programming model called dual-track model is proposed. The CGRA is realized in Verilog HDL and implemented in SMIC 55 nm process, with the footprint of 3.79 mm2 and consuming 1.79 W at 500 MHz. To evaluate the performance, eight machine-learning algorithms including HOG, CNN, k-means, PCA, SPM, linear-SVM, Softmax and Joint-Bayesian are selected as benchmarks. These algorithms cover a general machine learning flow in object inference domain: feature extraction, feature selection and inference. The experimental results show that the proposed CGRA can gain 1443× average energy efficiency comparing to the Intel i7-3770 CPU and 7.82× energy efficiency comparing to a high performance FPGA solution [19].
Unsupervised Learning of Morphological Forests

This paper focuses on unsupervised modeling of morphological families, collectively comprising a forest over the language vocabulary. This formulation enables us to capture edge-wise properties reflecting single-step morphological derivations, along with global distributional properties of the entire forest. These global properties constrain the size of the affix set and encourage formation of tight morphological families. The resulting objective is solved using Integer Linear Programming (ILP) paired with contrastive estimation. We train the model by alternating between optimizing the local log-linear model and the global ILP objective. We evaluate our system on three tasks: root detection, clustering of morphological families, and segmentation. Our experiments demonstrate that our model yields consistent gains in all three tasks compared with the best published results.
RF Performance of a Commercial SOI Technology Transferred Onto a Passivated HR Silicon Substrate

In this paper, we investigate the impact of a passivation layer on the performance of a commercial high-resistivity (HR) SOI CMOS technology. The passivation layer consists of a 300-nm-thick polysilicon cover located directly below the buried oxide (BOX). Both passive and active devices are studied. It is demonstrated that substrate passivation completely suppresses substrate losses that are usually induced by parasitic surface conduction at the substrate/BOX interface in oxidized HR Si substrates. We also report no effect of the underlying polysilicon on the dc and RF behavior of MOSFETs devices. The results shown here strongly suggest that substrate passivation using polysilicon is a promising tool to eradicate substrate losses in HR SOI wafers, thereby increasing the performance of functional SOI logic and high-speed circuits.
Engaged in Engagement: We Are Delighted We Did It

We emphasize that science and practice issues are equally salient when pursuing thinking and research on employee engagement. We agree with much of what the commentaries have to say, especially that organizational competitive advantage is the relevant focus of engagement research and practice and that engagement is not a new construct but one that required clarification vis-a-vis existing constructs. We also agree that state engagement can be highly variable, that disengagement needs study, that negative situations can induce engagement behaviors, that engagement surveys should yield actionable data, and that people can be hired who are more likely to be engaged. We disagree with the idea that all employee attitudes are essentially equal and that existing conceptualizations of performance make engagement behavior a nonuseful construct.
Enhancing the Preparation of Special Educators through Service Learning: Evidence from Two Preservice Courses

A challenge for teacher educators in special education is to impact the beliefs and attitudes of preservice teachers in ways that cultivate or strengthen dispositions and inform practice. This study investigated the impact of service-learning experiences on the development of professional dispositions by undergraduate students in two preservice special education courses. A constant comparative analysis of student focus-group transcripts and reflective journal entries uncovered two convergent themes. First, students in both courses developed a sense of professional efficacy. Secondly, students developed positive regard for the abilities of students with disabilities and the contributions of parents as partners in their children’s education. Recommendations are provided for designing service-learning experiences in ways that maximize the impact of the experiences on preservice teachers’ perceptions and attitudes toward working with students with disabilities and their families.
Biocompatibility of PEG-Based Hydrogels in Primate Brain

Degradable polymers have been used successfully in a wide variety of peripheral applications from tissue regeneration to drug delivery. These polymers induce little inflammatory response and appear to be well accepted by the host environment. Their use in the brain, for neural tissue reconstruction or drug delivery, also could be advantageous in treating neurodegenerative disorders. Because the brain has a unique immune response, a polymer that is compatible in the body may not be so in the brain. In the present study, polyethylene glycol (PEG)-based hydrogels were implanted into the striatum and cerebral cortex of nonhuman primates. Four months after implantation, brains were processed to evaluate the extent of astrogliosis and scaring, the presence of microglia/macrophages, and the extent of T-cell infiltration. Hydrogels with 20% w/v PEG implanted into the brain stimulated a slight increase in astrocytic and microglial/macrophage presence, as indicated by a small increase in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and CD68 staining intensity. This increase was not substantially different from that found in the sham-implanted hemispheres of the brain. Staining for CD3+ T cells indicated no presence of peripheral T-cell infiltration. No gliotic scarring was seen in any implanted hemisphere. The combination of low density of GFAP-positive cells and CD68-positive cells, the absence of T cells, and the lack of gliotic scarring suggest that this level of immune response is not indicative of immunorejection and that the PEG-based hydrogel has potential to be used in the primate brain for local drug delivery or neural tissue regeneration.
From inequity to burnout: the role of job stress.

This research examined burnout (i.e., emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and lack of personal accomplishment) among 2 samples of Dutch teachers as a function of inequity and experienced job stress in 3 different exchange relationships (with students, colleagues, and the school). It was hypothesized that inequity would be linked to burnout through the stress resulting from this inequity. Analysis of a cross-sectional sample (N = 271) revealed that this was indeed the case. Findings were replicated longitudinally using an independent sample of 940 teachers. It is concluded that the often-reported effect of inequity on burnout can partly be interpreted in terms of elevated levels of job stress. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Ontology-Driven Information Retrieval System for Customers' Complaints of Mobile Communication Services

Ontology has been one of the hottest topic issues in artificial intelligence, knowledge engineering, especially in information process. In this paper, we propose an ontology-driven information retrieval (IR) system used for mining the interesting patterns in the domain of customers' complaints of mobile communication services. As the primary research of ontology model itself is about concept, properties of concept, relations between concepts etc, out of question ontology model considers the semantic relationships of the rich document content. Therefore ontology-driven information retrieval system can conform to the thought mode of human being unlike the keyword-based system that ignores the semantic relationships between words. Applying the proposed IR system to the given domain can make the managers of mobile communication companies retrieve the customers' complaints information more precisely and hence make decisions more reasonably