Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Net Migration and State Labor Market Dynamics

Existing empirical estimates of net migration models are not identified because they lack an explicit measure of expected future conditions. I find that using actual one‐period‐ahead net migration at the state level to control for expectations reduces the strength of the relationship between current wages and net migration by more than one‐third. I use the case of Michigan to show how existing empirical models mischaracterize the response of migration to shocks that are expected to be transitory. I add migration to a labor market model and simulate responses to permanent and transitory demand shocks.
A Graph Transformation Approach for Automatic Test Cases Generation from UML Activity Diagrams

The automatic test cases generation from the UML specification reduces the time and the cost of software development. UML Activity Diagram is one of the behavioral models used for modeling the global behavior of systems. In this paper, we use the graph transformation techniques and AToM3 tool to generate test cases from UML Activity Diagrams. For this purpose, we propose two graph grammars. The first one transforms the UML Activity Diagram into an intermediate graph which we call EADG (Extended Activity Dependency Graph). The EADG model is an extension of Activity Dependency Graph that captures all features of the Activity Diagram relevant to the test cases generation. The second graph grammar generates the set of test cases from the EADG model according to the hybrid coverage criteria. An example has been presented to illustrate our approach.
Exercise Tolerance in Extracardiac Total Cavopulmonary Connection

Cardiopulmonary adaptation during exercise was compared in patients with an extracardiac total cavopulmonary connection and controls with biventricular repair of Fallot's tetralogy. Heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory frequency, and transcutaneous oxygen saturation increased with treadmill exercise intensity below grade 3 in patients who had undergone extracardiac total cavopulmonary connection. When exercise intensity exceeded grade 4, blood pressure and oxygen saturation decreased continuously, respiratory rate kept increasing, and heart rate showed no significant change. In cases of fenestrated cavopulmonary connection, heart rate peaked at grade 5 exercise intensity, and blood pressure at grade 4; but both peaked at grade 3 in nonfenestrated patients. During all exercise testing, fenestrated patients had a higher respiratory rate but lower oxygen saturation than those without fenestration. Exercise tolerance was below normal after a cavopulmonary connection, but patients still adapted to exercise below grade 3 with appropriate increases in heart rate and respiratory rate. Due to insufficient right heart systems, patients with a cavopulmonary connection showed obvious exercise limitation at exercise intensity grade 3 or more. Total exclusion of the right heart system may also have adverse effects on the sinoatrial node, leading to impaired heart rate regulation.
Scaling predictive analysis of concurrent programs by removing trace redundancy

Predictive trace analysis (PTA) of concurrent programs is powerful in finding concurrency bugs unseen in past program executions. Unfortunately, existing PTA solutions face considerable challenges in scaling to large traces. In this article, we identify that a large percentage of events in the trace are redundant for presenting useful analysis results to the end user. Removing them from the trace can significantly improve the scalability of PTA without affecting the quality of the results. We present a trace redundancy theorem that specifies a redundancy criterion and the soundness guarantee that the PTA results are preserved after removing the redundancy. Based on this criterion, we design and implement TraceFilter, an efficient algorithm that automatically removes redundant events from a trace for the PTA of general concurrency access anomalies. We evaluated TraceFilter on a set of popular concurrent benchmarks as well as real world large server programs. Our experimental results show that TraceFilter is able to significantly improve the scalability of PTA by orders of magnitude, without impairing the analysis result.
On the Uniqueness of Unbounded Viscosity Solutions Arising in an Optimal Terminal Wealth Problem with Transaction Costs

We study the uniqueness of viscosity solutions of a Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equation which arises in a portfolio optimization problem in which an investor maximizes expected utility of terminal wealth in the presence of proportional transaction costs. Our main contribution is that the comparison theorem can be applied to prove the uniqueness of the value function in the portfolio optimization problem for logarithmic and power utility.
Characterization and Comparative Expression Profiling of Browning Response in Medinilla formosana after Cutting

Plant browning is a recalcitrant problem for in vitro culture and often leads to poor growth of explants and even failure of tissue culture. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying browning-induced physiological processes remain unclear. Medinilla is considered one of the most difficult genera for tissue culture owning to its severe browning. In the present study, intact aseptic plantlets of Medinilla formosana Hayata previously obtained by ovary culture, were used to explore the characteristics and molecular mechanism of the browning response. Successive morphological and anatomical observations after cutting showed that the browning of M. formosana was not lethal but adaptive. De novo transcriptome and digital gene expression (DGE) profiling using Illumina high-throughput sequencing were then used to explore molecular regulation after cutting. About 7.5 million tags of de novo transcriptome were obtained and 58,073 unigenes were assembled and annotated. A total of 6,431 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at three stages after cutting were identified, and the expression patterns of these browning-related genes were clustered and analyzed. A number of putative DEGs involved in signal transduction and secondary metabolism were particularly studied and the potential roles of these cutting-responsive mRNAs in plant defense to diverse abiotic stresses are discussed. The DGE profiling data were also validated by quantitative RT-PCR analysis. The data obtained in this study provide an excellent resource for unraveling the molecular mechanisms of browning processes during in vitro tissue culture, and lay a foundation for future studies to inhibit and eliminate browning damage.
Effect of background music in a computer word processing task

BACKGROUND: The relaxing effect of music has been shown to reduce stress induced subjective anxiety and improve the performance of stressful cognitive tasks. OBJECTIVE: This experimental study evaluated the effect of music and induced mental load in a word processing task in terms of correct strokes and accuracy, typing force, variability of typing force and EMG (electromyography) of extensor digitorum muscle. METHODS: Eight subjects participated in the study. A 2 × 2 repeated measure design was adopted, with or without background music, and with or without induced mental load. A computer algorithm detected the shift, drift and fidget patterns of finger and hand movements, which caused the variation of the typing force. RESULTS: Although the overall typing productivity was compromised by music by 3.1%, the beneficial effect of music was the reduction of standard deviation of typing force by 23.2%, indicating a smoother or less erratic hand movement during typing. CONCLUSIONS: The behavior change by music resulted in reduction in hand motions during typing may reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorder related to typing task.
Association between dislocation, impingement, and articular geometry in retrieved acetabular polyethylene cups

We used a novel analysis technique and retrieved acetabular polyethylene liners to investigate relationships between impingement damage, dislocation history, and polyethylene liner geometry. Forty‐eight polyethylene liners with neutral rim elevation were visually assessed for peripheral rim damage consistent with impingement between the liner rim and femoral component. Liner articular geometry was measured using a digital stylus, and the geometric relationships between the liner rim and center of the femoral head were characterized by lip height, head center inset, and head penetration into the polyethylene liner. Thirteen (27%) retrieved liners had rim impingement damage and 12 (25%) had a history of dislocation. The proportion of liners with impingement was not significantly different among dislocated and stable liners. Lip height, head center inset, and head penetration were not significantly different between liners with and without impingement damage. Dislocated liners had a significantly shorter head center inset, with significantly less head penetration because of shorter functional duration. Designing polyethylene liners with a sufficiently deep articular surface that exceeds 0.95 mm may prove beneficial for decreasing the prevalence of early dislocation, independent of impingement damage. © 2007 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 25:1401–1407, 2007
Spine Surgery in Athletes With Low Back Pain-Considerations for Management and Treatment

While degenerative lumbar spine conditions are common in the general population, there are unique considerations when diagnosed in high-level athletes. Genetic factors have been identified as a more significant contributor to the development of degenerative disc disease than occupational risks, however, some have postulated that the incessant training of young, competitive athletes may put them at a greater risk for accelerated disease. The evidence-based literature regarding lumbar disc herniation in elite athletes suggests that it is reasonable to expect excellent clinical outcomes and successful return-to-sport after either operative or non-operative treatment regardless of sport played. However, those athletes who require repetitive torque on their lumbar spines may have poorer long-term outcomes if surgical treatment is required for this condition. Painful spondylolysis in the athlete can often be treated successfully with non-operative treatment, however, if surgery is required, pars repair techniques provides a motion-sparing alternative that may lead to successful return to sport.
Sensitivity to input variability of the Adjuvant! Online breast cancer prognostic model.

PURPOSE Adjuvant! Online (www.adjuvantonline.org) is a software model that predicts the benefit of adjuvant therapy for women with early-stage breast cancer. The model has been validated, is widely consulted, and has been shown to influence patient choices in the clinical setting. Adjuvant! requires the clinician to input patient age, tumor size, grade, hormone receptor status, number of positive lymph nodes, and comorbidity level. Because comorbidity is strongly and independently associated with survival, this study tested the hypothesis that Adjuvant! predictions would be sensitive to comorbidity inputs. METHODS Investigators used single-variable deterministic sensitivity analysis to evaluate the effect of varying each input of the model independently for three representative case examples based on National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines (NCCN). The main outcome of interest was 10-year mortality prediction. RESULTS The analyses show that Adjuvant! 's 10-year mortality predictions are most sensitive to patients' comorbidity levels and the extent of nodal involvement for the cases, particularly among older women. Comorbidity was the most influential input except in younger women, aged 40 years. CONCLUSION The Adjuvant! model is sensitive to patient comorbidity, and impact on the model outputs are significant enough that they are likely to affect physician recommendations and patients' treatment choices. For example, incorrect assessments of comorbidities could lead physicians to overtreat or undertreat a patient who is in a gray zone relative to the NCCN guidelines. These results point to the importance of accurately assessing comorbidities in patients with breast cancer when using Adjuvant! and highlight the need for a standardized process of comorbidity ascertainment.
Routine Culturing for Legionella in the Hospital Environment May Be a Good Idea: A Three‐Hospital Prospective Study

ABSTRACT: The source for nosocomial Legionnaires' disease is the water distribution system. However, the implications for legionella contamination in a hospital without known Legionnaires' disease is unclear. Therefore, culturing for Legionella pneumophila in the environment has not been routinely recommended. The authors conducted a prospective pneumonia study in three hospitals, none of which was known to have a major problem with endemic legionellosis. The water system of Hospital 1 was colonized with L. pneumophila, serogroup 1; Hospital 2 was colonized by L. pneumophila, serogroup 5 (which is rarely associated with disease); Hospital 3 was essentially free of L. pneumophila. Sputum culture on selective legionella media, direct fluorescent antibody testing, and serology were performed for all nosocomial pneumonias regardless of clinical impression. At the end of the study the incidence of nosocomial legionnaires' disease was found to be 9%, 0%, and 0% in Hospitals 1, 2, and 3, respectively. In Hospital 1, monoclonal antibody subtyping confirmed that the patient isolates were identical to the environmental isolates. The authors conclude that environmental culturing, despite the absence of known Legionnaires' disease, is useful. Positive cultures from the hospital water supply would mandate the introduction of legionella testing into the laboratory and stimulate physicians to consider Legionnaries' disease when encountering nosocomial pneumonias.
Decreasing Divorce in U.S. Army Couples: Results from a Randomized Controlled Trial Using PREP for Strong Bonds

Findings from a large, randomized controlled trial of couple education are presented in this brief report. Married U.S. Army couples were assigned to either PREP for Strong Bonds (n = 248) delivered by U.S. Army chaplains or to a no-treatment control group (n = 228). One year after the intervention, couples who received PREP for Strong Bonds had one-third the rate of divorce of the control group. Specifically, 6.20% of the control group divorced, while 2.03% of the intervention group divorced. These findings suggest that couple education can reduce the risk of divorce, at least in the short run with military couples.
Interpersonal Functioning in Obsessive–Compulsive Personality Disorder

The core symptoms of obsessive–compulsive personality disorder (OCPD) often lead to interpersonal difficulties. However, little research has explored interpersonal functioning in OCPD. This study examined interpersonal problems, interpersonal sensitivities, empathy, and systemizing, the drive to analyze and derive underlying rules for systems, in a sample of 25 OCPD individuals, 25 individuals with comorbid OCPD and obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), and 25 healthy controls. We found that OCPD individuals reported hostile-dominant interpersonal problems and sensitivities with warm-dominant behavior by others, whereas OCPD+OCD individuals reported submissive interpersonal problems and sensitivities with warm-submissive behavior by others. Individuals with OCPD, with and without OCD, reported less empathic perspective taking relative to healthy controls. Finally, we found that OCPD males reported a higher drive to analyze and derive rules for systems than OCPD females. Overall, results suggest that there are interpersonal deficits associated with OCPD and the clinical implications of these deficits are discussed.
Vertical Reduction Mammaplasty Combined With a Superomedial Pedicle in Gigantomastia

Vertical reduction mammaplasty using a superomedial pedicle is a well-accepted technique giving good results in mild to moderate breast hypertrophy. We describe modifications of the vertical reduction technique to achieve safe reductions even for very large breasts and minimize unsightly scarring, skin necrosis and poor shape. Over the past 4 years, 162 patients have undergone bilateral breast reduction using the vertical mammaplasty technique with a superomedial dermoglandular pedicle. We present a retrospective study of 23 cases of gigantomastia (reductions over 1100g) who underwent bilateral reduction mammaplasty, using our technique. The mean age was 49 years, BMIs ranged from 28 to 52 kg/m2. The mean suprasternal notch-to-nipple distance was 40.5 cm on the right and 41.4 cm on the left. The average resection weight per breast was 1303 g on the right, and 1245 g on the left side. The suprasternal notch-to-nipple distance was reduced by between 13.2 and 36.0 cm (mean, 16.1 cm). Mean follow-up was 14 months. We observed a superficial infection in 2 patients, a deep hematoma in one patient, partial necrosis of the nipple-areola complex in 1, and 2 patients needed correction surgery due to dog-ear formation. By using the described modifications, the nipple and areola were safely transposed on a superomedial dermoglandular pedicle producing good breast shapes, while scarring and complications in vertical reduction mammaplasty for oversized breasts were effectively minimized.
Utilizing Critical Race Theory to Examine Race/Ethnicity, Racism, and Power in Student Development Theory and Research

Recognition of social forces (racism, privilege, power) to the extent that is required by critical race theory (CRT) results in a paradigm shift in the way that we theorize and research student development, specifically self-authorship. This paradigm shift moves the center of analysis from individual, to the individual in relation to her political, racialized, environment, which then provides a new vantage point to capture additional developmental processes. In this article, each dimension of self-authorship is reconsidered with revised questions that seek to examine the ways that race/ethnicity, racism, and power influence the self-authoring process.
Modeling of transformer characteristics using fractional order transfer functions

In the advanced maintenance techniques of the transformer, Sweep Frequency Response Analysis(SFRA) method is one of the established technique that includes the modelling of the transformer frequency response. This includes identifying the transfer function and realising into circuit parameters so that the incipient fault detection is correlated with the changes in the circuit parameters. A fractional order transfer function has been observed to be most appropriate mathematical model for almost all the real time processes, the frequency response of the transformer being one of them is modelled in this paper. For the purpose of modelling of the frequency response into the fractional order transfer function, methods like Levy's, Vinagre's and Sanathanan's and Koerner's method were studied.
Positive intergroup contact, negative intergroup contact, and threat as predictors of cognitive and affective dimensions of prejudice

Research on intergroup contact suggests that contact relates more strongly to affective than cognitive dimensions of prejudice. However, work on these forms of prejudice focuses primarily on positive contact experiences. One goal of this study is to examine whether positive and negative contact experiences differentially predict affective and cognitive dimensions of prejudice. The second goal is to examine intergroup threats as mediators of contact–prejudice relationships. Results demonstrated that negative contact more strongly predicted cognitive dimensions of prejudice such as stereotypes. Both types of contact were similarly predictive of affective dimensions of prejudice. The mediation of the negative contact–prejudice relationship was stronger across all dependent measures than mediation of the positive contact–prejudice relationship. Together these results suggest that either form of contact predicts affective prejudice but negative contact is particularly important in explaining cognitive dimensions of prejudice. Additionally, results suggest an important role for feelings of threat in explaining contact–prejudice relationships.
Nigerian Educators' Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Knowledge and Classroom Behavior Management Practices

Nigerian Educators’ Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Knowledge and Classroom Behavior Management Practices by Arthur N. Ojionuka MS, Psychology, Walden University, 2013 BS, Psychology, Walden University, 2012 ThD, Kingsway Theological Seminary, 1992 Dissertation Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Clinical Psychology
Corporate Governance in the 2007-2008 Financial Crisis: Evidence from Financial Institutions Worldwide

This paper investigates the influence of corporate governance on financial firms' performance during the 2007–2008 financial crisis. Using a unique dataset of 296 financial firms from 30 countries that were at the center of the crisis, we find that firms with more independent boards and higher institutional ownership experienced worse stock returns during the crisis period. Further exploration suggests that this is because (1) firms with higher institutional ownership took more risk prior to the crisis, which resulted in larger shareholder losses during the crisis period, and (2) firms with more independent boards raised more equity capital during the crisis, which led to a wealth transfer from existing shareholders to debtholders. Overall, our findings add to the literature by examining the corporate governance determinants of financial firms' performance during the 2007–2008 crisis.
THE ROLE OF NUTRITION IN CARIES PREVENTION AND MAINTENANCE OF ORAL HEALTH DURING PREGNANCY.

INTRODUCTION Pregnancy may pose an increased risk for the development of caries and other oral health problems. Continuous screening of oral health status, implementing appropriate preventive measures (particularly oral hygiene, healthy diet plans and education) is of paramount importance not only for oral health but also for the general health status of the future mother and her offspring. EFFECTS OF FOOD ON CARIES DEVELOPMENT: Caries prevention through healthy diet implicates the reduction in frequency and amount of intake of cariogenic food, above all ofrefined carbohydrates, i.e. sugars and sweets. Foods known to have caries-prophylactic effects should predominate in healthy diet plans. They mainly include solid foods, which have mechanical effects on teeth cleaning, as well as foods providing sufficient amounts of vitamins (A, C, D) and a variety of elements and compounds (calcium, phosphates, fluorides) favoring the preservation and remineralization of tooth structures. EDUCATION OF PREGNANT WOMEN ON HEALHY DEIT: In accomplishing these goals, education and direct positive communication between the educator and the pregnant woman play a crucial role. Educative approach is always individual and determined by the patient's specific cultural and socioeconomic features and status, as well as her habits, motivation and willingness to accept relevant recommendations. Accomplishing the aforementioned goals requires the appropriate organization and professional competence within the preventive dental service and its close cooperation with the relevant medical institutions and social support in the framework of public health protection. CONCLUSION Preserving of oral health during pregnancy is predominantly influenced by the following factors: 1) healthy diet, 2) oral hygiene, 3) patients' education, 4) regular control of oral health, 5) appropriate organization of dental services and 6) community engagement.