Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risk Using Patient Navigators, Denver, Colorado, 2007-2009

Introduction Early identification of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk is important to reach people in need of treatment. At-risk patients benefit from behavioral counseling in addition to medical therapy. The objective of this study was to determine whether enhanced counseling, using patient navigators trained to counsel patients on CVD risk-reduction strategies and facilitate patient access to community-based lifestyle-change services, reduced CVD risk among at-risk patients in a low-income population. Methods We compared clinical characteristics at baseline and 12-month follow-up among 340 intervention and 340 comparison patients from community health centers in Denver, Colorado, between March 2007 and June 2009; all patients had a Framingham risk score (FRS) greater or equal to 10% at baseline. The intervention consisted of patient-centered counseling by bilingual patient navigators. At baseline and at 6-month and 12-month follow-up, we assessed health behaviors of intervention participants. We used an intent-to-treat approach for all analyses and measured significant differences by χ2 and t tests. Results We found significant differences in several clinical outcomes. At follow-up, the mean FRS was lower for the intervention group (mean FRS, 15%) than for the comparison group (mean FRS, 16%); total cholesterol was lower for the intervention group (mean total cholesterol, 183 mg/dL) than for the comparison group (mean total cholesterol, 197 mg/dL). Intervention participants reported significant improvements in some health behaviors at 12-month follow-up, especially nutrition-related behaviors. Behaviors related to tobacco use and cessation attempts did not improve. Conclusion Patient navigators may provide some benefit in reducing risk of CVD in a similar population.
Individual Traits and the Leap from Personal Experience to General Attitude Formation: Evidence from China’s Healthcare Service

Personal experience is directly relevant to the development of recognition or attitudes. Unlike most previous studies that have treated people as identical objects, this study extends the current knowledge of the influence of personal experience on attitude formation by incorporating individual traits. Using a large-scale household survey dataset from China, we empirically tests the hypothesized relationships among personal experience, individual traits and attitude formation, particularly examining the interactive effects between personal experience and individual traits (measured with self-reported health status in this study). The empirical results reaffirm that either personal experience of or satisfaction with public service greatly influences citizens’ general attitudes toward government. Individuals with better health status tend to show more positive attitudes toward government than individuals with poorer health status. More importantly, self-reported health status moderates the relationship between personal service experience and general attitudes toward government: the relationship is stronger for those who report poorer heath status.
Boutiques: a flexible framework to integrate command-line applications in computing platforms

Abstract We present Boutiques, a system to automatically publish, integrate, and execute command-line applications across computational platforms. Boutiques applications are installed through software containers described in a rich and flexible JSON language. A set of core tools facilitates the construction, validation, import, execution, and publishing of applications. Boutiques is currently supported by several distinct virtual research platforms, and it has been used to describe dozens of applications in the neuroinformatics domain. We expect Boutiques to improve the quality of application integration in computational platforms, to reduce redundancy of effort, to contribute to computational reproducibility, and to foster Open Science.
The International Symposium on “Biotechnologies for optimization of reproductive efficiency of farm and companion animals to improve global food security & human health” and XXVI Annual Convention of ISSAR, November 10-12. G.B.P.U.A.&T. Pantnagar, India pp 27-37

Introduction Equine obstetrics presents a complex and challenging knowledge domain to both breeders and veterinarians. The foaling process is usually swift and smooth. Abnormal conditions require efficient diagnostic and intervention skills 10 and the mastery of a broad knowledge base in order to explain and handle emergency situations (Schmid et al. 1994). Due to the seasonality in equine breeding management, obtaining experience without a good initial insight into the different possibilities of dystocia, with its inherent three dimensional aspects, is difficult. Previous experience in bovine obstetrics is very helpful to get sufficient skills in intra uterine manipulations, especially since only small 15 numbers of obstetrical cases in horses impedes winning experience (Schmid et al. 1994, Frazer 2002). Nonetheless, there is a need to gain more experience and an increased exposure to routine cases in theriogenology work, especially in large animal species since this represents a significant portion of practice activities. Especially dystocia management is a high priority in a day to day large animal practice (Kustritz et al. 2006). Providing possibilities to ameliorate education in equine obstetrics through animations and movies might be part of a solution to deliver tools 20 for distance learning (Einstein 1997, Govaere et al. 2010). In this article some of the important principles of equine obstetrics are illuminated and discussed.
Taste acuity in response to zinc supplementation in older Europeans

Taste acuity declines with age and may be dependent upon Zn status. The aim of the present double-blind, randomised controlled intervention trial has been to determine taste acuity in response to Zn supplementation (placebo, or 15 or 30 mg Zn/d). Healthy older European adults aged 70–87 years were recruited within Italy (Rome) (n 108) and France (Grenoble) (n 91) to the European Commission-funded Zenith project. A signal detection theory approach was adopted for taste assessment. The data were converted to R indices and analysed by repeated-measures ANOVA controlling for baseline taste acuity as well as serum and erythrocyte Zn. Serum Zn increased post-intervention, indicating compliance with the intervention. Results differed across geographical region. Salt taste acuity was greater in response to Zn (30 mg) than placebo post-intervention among those recruited in Grenoble. There was no apparent change in acuity for sweet, sour or bitter taste in response to Zn. Supplemented Zn may have potential to enhance salt taste acuity in those over the age of 70 years. Further research is required to determine if enhanced salt taste acuity is reflected in the eating experiences of older individuals.
Targetable Gene Fusions Associate With the IDH Wild-Type Astrocytic Lineage in Adult Gliomas

Abstract Gene fusions involving oncogenes have been reported in gliomas and may serve as novel therapeutic targets. Using RNA-sequencing, we interrogated a large cohort of gliomas to assess for the incidence of targetable genetic fusions. Gliomas (n = 390) were profiled using the ArcherDx FusionPlex Assay. Fifty-two gene targets were analyzed and fusions with preserved kinase domains were investigated. Overall, 36 gliomas (9%) harbored a total of 37 potentially targetable fusions, the majority of which were found in astrocytomas (n = 34). Within this lineage 11% (25/235) of glioblastomas, 12% (5/42) of anaplastic astrocytomas, 8% (2/25) of grade II astrocytomas, and 33% (2/6) of pilocytic astrocytoma harbored targetable fusions. Fusions were significantly more frequent in IDH wild-type tumors (12%, n = 31/261) relative to IDH mutants (4%; n = 4/109) (p = 0.011). No fusions were seen in oligodendrogliomas. The most frequently observed therapeutically targetable fusions were in FGFR (n = 12), MET (n = 11), and NTRK (n = 8). Several additional novel fusions that have not been previously described in gliomas were identified including EGFR:VWC2 and FGFR3:NBR1. In summary, targetable gene fusions are enriched in IDH wild-type high-grade astrocytic tumors, which will influence enrollment in and interpretation of clinical trials of glioma patients.
Accelerating NMT Batched Beam Decoding with LMBR Posteriors for Deployment

We describe a batched beam decoding algorithm for NMT with LMBR n-gram posteriors, showing that LMBR techniques still yield gains on top of the best recently reported results with Transformers. We also discuss acceleration strategies for deployment, and the effect of the beam size and batching on memory and speed.
Variation in sleep and metabolic function is associated with latitude and average temperature in Drosophila melanogaster

Abstract Regulation of sleep and metabolic homeostasis is critical to an animal's survival and under stringent evolutionary pressure. Animals display remarkable diversity in sleep and metabolic phenotypes; however, an understanding of the ecological forces that select for, and maintain, these phenotypic differences remains poorly understood. The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, is a powerful model for investigating the genetic regulation of sleep and metabolic function, and screening in inbred fly lines has led to the identification of novel genetic regulators of sleep. Nevertheless, little is known about the contributions of naturally occurring genetic differences to sleep, metabolic phenotypes, and their relationship with geographic or environmental gradients. Here, we quantified sleep and metabolic phenotypes in 24 D. melanogaster populations collected from diverse geographic localities. These studies reveal remarkable variation in sleep, starvation resistance, and energy stores. We found that increased sleep duration is associated with proximity to the equator and elevated average annual temperature, suggesting that environmental gradients strongly influence natural variation in sleep. Further, we found variation in metabolic regulation of sleep to be associated with free glucose levels, while starvation resistance associates with glycogen and triglyceride stores. Taken together, these findings reveal robust naturally occurring variation in sleep and metabolic traits in D. melanogaster, providing a model to investigate how evolutionary and ecological history modulate these complex traits.
The Drosophila ortholog of the Zc3h14 RNA binding protein acts within neurons to pattern axon projection in the developing brain

The dNab2 polyadenosine RNA binding protein is the D. melanogaster ortholog of the vertebrate ZC3H14 protein, which is lost in a form of inherited intellectual disability (ID). Human ZC3H14 can rescue D. melanogaster dNab2 mutant phenotypes when expressed in all neurons of the developing nervous system, suggesting that dNab2/ZC3H14 performs well‐conserved roles in neurons. However, the cellular and molecular requirements for dNab2/ZC3H14 in the developing nervous system have not been defined in any organism. Here we show that dNab2 is autonomously required within neurons to pattern axon projection from Kenyon neurons into the mushroom bodies, which are required for associative olfactory learning and memory in insects. Mushroom body axons lacking dNab2 project aberrantly across the brain midline and also show evidence of defective branching. Coupled with the prior finding that ZC3H14 is highly expressed in rodent hippocampal neurons, this requirement for dNab2 in mushroom body neurons suggests that dNab2/ZC3H14 has a conserved role in supporting axon projection and branching. Consistent with this idea, loss of dNab2 impairs short‐term memory in a courtship conditioning assay. Taken together these results reveal a cell‐autonomous requirement for the dNab2 RNA binding protein in mushroom body development and provide a window into potential neurodevelopmental functions of the human ZC3H14 protein. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 76: 93–106, 2016
Bioavailability of α-tocopherol stereoisomers in lambs depends on dietary doses of all-rac- or RRR-α-tocopheryl acetate.

When supplementing lamb diets with vitamin E, an equivalence factor of 1.36 is used to discriminate between RRR-α-tocopheryl acetate and all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate. However, more recent studies suggest a need for new equivalence factors for livestock animals. The current study aimed to determine the effect of RRR- and all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate supplementation on α-tocopherol deposition in lamb tissues. A total of 108 Rasa Aragonesa breed lambs were fed increasing amounts of all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate (0.25, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0 g/kg compound feed) or RRR-α-tocopheryl acetate (0.125, 0.25, 0.5 and 1.0 g/kg compound feed) by adding them to a basal diet that contained 0.025 g/kg feed of all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate as part of the standard vitamin and mineral mixture. The diets were fed for the last 14 days before slaughtering at 25.8±1.67 kg BW. Within 20 min after slaughter samples of muscle, heart, liver, brain and spleen were frozen at -20°C until α-tocopherol analysis. Increased supplementation of either vitamin E sources led to a significant increase (P<0.001) in α-tocopherol concentration in all tissues studied. The tissue with the highest α-tocopherol concentration was the liver followed by spleen, heart and muscle. At similar supplementation levels (0.25, 0.50 and 1.0 g/kg compound feed), α-tocopherol content in the selected tissues was not affected by α-tocopherol source. However, the ratios between RRR- and all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate increased with the increasing α-tocopherol supplementation (at 0.25 and 1.0 g/kg compound feed), from 1.06 to 1.16 in muscle, 1.07 to 1.15 in heart, 0.91 to 0.94 in liver and 0.98 to 1.10 in spleen. The highest relative proportion of Ʃ2S (sum of SSS-, SSR-, SRS- and SRR-α-tocopherol)-configured stereoisomers was found in the liver of lambs supplemented with all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate accounting for up to 35 to 39% of the total α-tocopherol retained, whereas the proportion of Ʃ2S-configured stereoisomers in the other tissues accounted for <14%. Increasing all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate supplementation was also found to affect the 2R-configured stereoisomer profile in muscle, heart and spleen with increasing proportions of RRS-, RSR- and RSS- at the cost of RRR-α-tocopherol. In all tissues, the relative proportion of all non-RRR-stereoisomers in lambs receiving RRR-α-tocopheryl acetate was lower than RRR-α-tocopherol. These results confirm that the relative bioavailability of RRR- and all-rac-α-tocopheryl acetate is dose- and tissue-dependent and that a single ratio to discriminate the two sources cannot be used.
Estimating density of animals during migratory waves: a new model applied to marine turtles at nesting sites

Migratory species are sensitive to population declines because they require good habi- tat across their broad geographic distributions. For this reason, populations of migratory species require careful monitoring to permit detection of any change in their conservation status. An easily implemented technique is a census of individuals at a particular location along the migratory route, which can be used as an index of population status. However, in most situations, censuses are only performed during a portion of a particular season, especially when the presence of the species spans several months at a remote place. To be able to make comparisons among years, it is, thus, important to correct for partial counts. Several such procedures have been developed recently for marine tur- tles at nesting sites, birds during migration and the phenology of flowering in plants. In the current paper, I review different existing approaches, and then present a new statistical framework improv- ing on those previously used. The method was tested with various time-series of marine turtle nest counts during the nesting season. Results demonstrate that the method is very efficient, and has the additional advantage of being easy to use by a wide variety of researchers.
Extended model of conditioned learning within latent inhibition

Nicolas Gomond and Jean-Marc SalottiLaboratoire de Sciences CognitivesBordeaux Victor Segalen University - FranceAbstract. Due to the various and dynamic nature of stimuli, decisionsof intelligent agents must rely on the coordination of complex cognitivesystems. This paper precisely focusses on a general learning architecturefor autonomous agents. It is based on a neural network model that enablesthe speciﬁc behaviours of classical conditioning and a biologically inspiredattentional phenomenon called latent inhibition. We propose a neuralnetwork implementation of an extended model of classical conditioningand present some results.
Prevalence and associated factors of sexual violence among private college female students in Bahir Dar city, North Western Ethiopia *

Background: Despite the higher risk victimization of young women in Ethiopia, the prevalence of sexual violence and its determinants among college students were scarce, particularly in the study area. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence and associated factors of sexual violence among female private college students in Bahir Dar city. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in April 2012 among 541 female college students in Bahir Dar city using multistage sampling technique. A pretested self-administered questionnaire was used. The data were analyzed in bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis with SPSS version 16 soft ware package. Result: The study revealed that the prevalence of sexual violence among female college students was 37.3%. Respondents whose childhood background from rural areas were more than four times likely to have had sexual violence (AOR = 4.51, 95%CI: 1.67 - 12.16). The odds of sexual violence were higher for those respondents who had a close friend who drank alcohol (AOR = 3.13, 95%CI: 1.09 - 8.97). Besides, respondents who had never discussed on reproductive health issues with their parents were more than four times likely to have had sexual violence (AOR = 4.36, 95%CI: 1.40 - 13.56). Conclusion: This study shows that sexual violence among female college students is higher. Sexual violence is associated with certain variables such as rural childhood residence, having a close friend who drank alcohol, and not discussing reproductive issues with parents. Therefore, it is recommended that sexual violence needs due attention and remedial action from policy makers, college officials, parents, students and other concerned bodies.
Adaptation to Information Technology: A Holistic Nomological Network from Implementation to Job Outcomes

Information technology (IT) implementation is a major organizational change event that substantially disrupts an employee’s work environment. We develop a model of technology adaptation behaviors that employees perform to cope with a new IT that causes such disruptions. Our model posits technology adaptation behaviors as a key linking mechanism between IT implementation and employee job outcomes, thus offering a holistic nomological network of technology adaptation behaviors. Two field studies conducted over a period of six months, with four waves of data collection each, in two organizations ( N = 211 and N = 181) implementing two different ITs, supported the model. We found that employees performed four different technology adaptation behaviors—exploration-to-innovate, exploitation, exploration-to-revert, and avoidance—based on whether they appraised an IT as an opportunity or a threat and whether they had perceptions of control over an IT. Employees’ experiential engagements (i.e., user participation and training effectiveness) and psychological engagements (i.e., user involvement and management support) during the implementation jointly determined their appraisal of an IT. Finally, we found that technology adaptation behaviors influenced changes in two key job outcomes, job performance and job satisfaction. This paper was accepted by Sandra Slaughter, information systems .
Frequency-Hopping Transmitter Fingerprint Feature Classification Based on Kernel Collaborative Representation Classifier

Noncooperation frequency-hopping (FH) transmitter fingerprint feature classification is a significant but challenging issue for FH transmitter recognition, since not only is it sensitive to noise but also it has the nonlinear, non-Gaussian and nonstability characteristics, which make it difficult to guarantee the classification in the original signal space. To address these problems, a method of frequency-hopping transmitter fingerprint feature classification based on kernel collaborative representation classifier is proposed in this paper. First, the noise suppression pretreatment of the FH transmitter signal is carried out by using the wave atoms frame method. Then, the nuances of the FH transmitters in the feature space are characterized by the surrounding-line integral bispectra features. And finally, incorporating the kernel function, a classifier which can generalize a linear algorithm to nonlinear counterpart is constructed for the final transmitter fingerprint feature classification. Extensive experiments on real-world FH transmitter “turn-on” transient signals demonstrate the robust classification of our method.
Tourists’ Experiences of Mindfulness in Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE)

ABSTRACT Mindfulness is a relatively new theoretical area that has received little research focus. This is surprising, considering the wealth of benefits to individuals and businesses who adopt a mindful philosophy. The aim of this study was to reduce this gap in knowledge by attempting to understand how mindfulness affects tourists’ experiences while holidaying in a popular tourist destination, such as Dubai. Results suggested that mindfulness appears to occur indiscriminately and, almost, haphazardly. Empirical results of the study revealed that mindfulness was a likely occurrence regardless of visitor demographics, and that mindfulness would impact what visitors remembered and why.
Efficient and adaptive parameterized algorithms on modular decompositions

We study the influence of a graph parameter called modular-width on the time complexity for optimally solving well-known polynomial problems such as Maximum Matching, Triangle Counting, and Maximum $s$-$t$ Vertex-Capacitated Flow. The modular-width of a graph depends on its (unique) modular decomposition tree, and can be computed in linear time $O(n+m)$ for graphs with $n$ vertices and $m$ edges. Modular decompositions are an important tool for graph algorithms, e.g., for linear-time recognition of certain graph classes. Throughout, we obtain efficient parameterized algorithms of running times $O(f(mw)n+m)$, $O(n+f(mw)m)$ , or $O(f(mw)+n+m)$ for graphs of modular-width $mw$. Our algorithm for Maximum Matching, running in time $O(mw^2\log mw \cdot n+m)$, is both faster and simpler than the recent $O(mw^4n+m)$ time algorithm of Coudert et al. (SODA 2018). For several other problems, e.g., Triangle Counting and Maximum $b$-Matching, we give adaptive algorithms, meaning that their running times match the best unparameterized algorithms for worst-case modular-width of $mw=\Theta(n)$ and they outperform them already for $mw=o(n)$, until reaching linear time for $mw=O(1)$.