Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Central pontine myelinolysis in a 7-year-old boy

In 1959, Adams, Victor, and Mancall reported four cases of a hitherto undescribed condition: a demyelinating process in the central portion of the pons which they very accurately called central pontine myelinolysis. Since that time 13 more cases have been reported in the literature and five others presented at meetings. This condition is characterized by disintegration of myelin sheaths in the centre of the pons extending from the midline raphe to more lateral portions. The extension is frequently, but not always, symmetrical. The lesion, particularly if small, may be overlooked on gross examination of the pons. In some instances a blurring of the normal structures can be seen and the area usually has a softer consistency than the surrounding structures. Some cavitation in the very centre of the lesion may be present but is usually detected only by microscopic examination. The most characteristic feature is the extensive breakdown of the myelin sheaths in the area involved. The breakdown products are sudanophilic. Axons are relatively well preserved and the neurons of the pontine nuclei may show only minimal degenerative changes. The changes usually appear to be older and more severe in the midline. Clinical findings depend on the size of the lesion and on the presence of associated diseases. Coma with gradually developing quadriplegia is frequently seen. The first three patients of Adams et al. (1959) were chronic alcoholics and the possibility of this condition being directly due to the noxious effects of alcohol has been considered but their fourth patient and almost half of the patients since reported were not alcoholics. Nearly all of these patients, however, suffered from some form of malnutrition, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, or a combination of these factors. In all the reported cases, central pontine myelinolysis entered the clinical picture as a final fatal complication in spite of the frequently successful corrective measures taken to combat dehydration, malnutrition, and electrolyte imbalance. We had the opportunity to observe this condition in a 7-year-old boy who had a craniopharyngioma surgically removed and who died after a rather stormy post-operative course.
Portrayals of Intimate Partner Violence in Music Videos: Effects on Perceptions of IPV Warning Signs

ABSTRACT The present research examined the effects of viewing music videos containing intimate partner violence (IPV) on minimization of warning signs of IPV, that is, perceiving that psychologically controlling and demeaning behaviors are not abusive. One video portrayed overt IPV in a narrative form and the other contained overt IPV but no identifiable narrative. Lyrics for both included violent content, but the music was distinctly different—one song was rap interspersed with somber singing and the other had an upbeat pop sound. The video and audio channels were combined in a 2-×-2 factorial design with an external control group so that all combinations of narrative and non-narrative video with the rap and pop music were presented to college student participants (153 participants, 53% female) in a between-subjects design. Participants showed greater minimization, that is, they were less likely to perceive the psychologically controlling and demeaning behaviors as abusive to the extent that they were transported into the video and enjoyed it. Minimizing perceptions of abuse as a function of viewing music videos that portray IPV is discussed as a negative consequence of such videos.
The Research of Thomas P. Branson

The Midwest Geometry Conference 2007 was devoted to the substantial mathe- matical legacy of Thomas P. Branson who passed away unexpectedly the previous year. This contribution to the Proceedings briefly introduces this legacy. We also take the opportunity of recording his bibliography. Thomas Branson was on the Editorial Board of SIGMA and we are pleased that SIGMA is able to publish the Proceedings.
Effect of stretching on ankle and knee angles and gastrocnemius activity during the stance phase of gait.

CONTEXT Stretching exercises are commonly prescribed for patients and healthy individuals with limited extensibility of the gastrocnemius muscle. OBJECTIVE To determine effects of gastrocnemius stretching on ankle dorsiflexion, knee extension, and gastrocnemius muscle activity during gait. DESIGN Randomized-control trial. SETTING Biomechanical laboratory. PARTICIPANTS Sixteen volunteers (9 men and 7 women, mean age = 27 y) with less than 5 degrees of passive ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion randomly assigned to an experimental or control group. INTERVENTION The experimental group performed gastrocnemius stretching for 3 wk. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Maximum ankle dorsiflexion, maximum knee extension, and EMG amplitude of the gastrocnemius muscles were measured between heel strike and heel-off before and after intervention. RESULTS No significant effect of group or time was found on maximum ankle dorsiflexion, maximum knee extension, or EMG activity of the medial or lateral gastrocnemius muscles between heel strike and heel-off. The experimental group had significantly greater passive ankle-dorsiflexion range of motion bilaterally at posttest than the control group. CONCLUSIONS Stretching did not alter joint angles or gastrocnemius muscle activity in the early to midstance phase of gait.
Comparing FTF with CMC ● Data collection ❍ Courses ❍ Modes of delivery ❍ Teachers ❍ Students ● Transcription ❍ Collecting the data ❍ Transcription procedure ● Database ❍ Description of the database

Thesis These pages are a quick and dirty conversion of my Ph.D. thesis into HTML. The files can be viewed individually here or downloaded as a lump in either . zip (220K) or . sit.hqx (304K) formats. My thesis can also be obtained conventionally through the University of Cambridge. (1997). Improved coding and data management for discourse analysis: A case study in face-to-face and computer-mediated classroom interaction. Abstract The role of language in education
Teaching career’s attraction and rejection factors: analysis of students and graduates perceptions in teacher education programs

Este articulo reporta parte de los resultados de una investigacion que busco analizar factores de atraccion, asi como de rechazo a la carrera docente, en relacion a una cohorte de estudiantes ingresantes, concluyentes y egresados de cursos de Pedagogia y Matematica de una institucion privada de educacion superior en el Distrito Federal. Fueron aplicados cuestionarios y realizadas entrevistas individuales, asi como grupos focales, utilizandose el analisis de contenido para analisis de los datos. Sus resultados revelan que los mas fuertes factores de atraccion del magisterio son intrinsecos a la profesion (gratificacion emocional, aprendizaje reciproco), mientras los factores de rechazo fueron mayoritariamente extrinsecos, tales como recompensa financiera, valoracion social, carga de trabajo, violencia escolares y mal estar. Este trabajo concluye que el magisterio, a pesar de ofrecer bajos salarios, es una carrera atractiva para candidatos menos favorecidos desde los puntos de vista social, economico y cultural.
Basic Security of the ecash Payment System

ecash TM is a payment system designed and implemented for making purchases over open networks such as the Internet. In this paper we review some of the main cryptographic techniques used throughout the ecash system. We will focus on security aspects as well as some per- formance related issues. The central notion of an electronic coin is treated in detail, and the basic protocols manipulating coins are described.
Perceptual plasticity in adverse listening conditions : factors affecting adaptation to accented and noise-vocoded speech

The University of Manchester Briony Banks Doctor of Philosophy Perceptual Plasticity in Adverse Listening Conditions: Factors Affecting Adaptation to Accented and Noise-vocoded Speech September 2015 Adverse listening conditions can be a hindrance to communication, but humans are remarkably adept at overcoming them. Research has begun to uncover the cognitive and behavioural mechanisms behind this perceptual plasticity, but we still do not fully understand the reasons for variability in individual responses. The research reported in this thesis addressed several factors which would further this understanding. Study 1 examined the role of cognitive ability in recognition of, and perceptual adaptation to, accented speech. A measure of executive function predicted greater and more rapid perceptual adaptation. Vocabulary knowledge predicted overall recognition of the accented speech, and mediated the relationship between working memory and recognition accuracy. Study 2 compared recognition of, and perceptual adaptation to, accented speech with and without audiovisual cues. The presence of audiovisual cues improved recognition of the accented speech in noise, but not perceptual adaptation. Study 3 investigated when perceivers make use of visual speech cues during recognition of, and perceptual adaptation to, audiovisual noise-vocoded speech. Listeners’ eye gaze was analysed over time and related to their performance. The percentage and duration of fixations on the speaker’s mouth increased during recognition of individual sentences, while the duration of fixations on the mouth decreased as perceivers adapted to the noise-vocoded speech over the course of the experiment. Longer fixations on the speaker’s mouth were related to better speech recognition. Results demonstrate that perceptual plasticity of unfamiliar speech is driven by cognitive processes, but can also be modified by the modality of speech (audiovisual or audio-only). Behavioural responses, such as eye gaze, are also related to our ability to respond to adverse conditions. Speech recognition and perceptual adaptation were differentially related to the factors in each study and therefore likely reflect different processes; these measures should therefore both be considered in studies investigating listeners’ response to adverse conditions. Overall, the research adds to our understanding of the mechanisms and behaviours involved in perceptual plasticity in adverse listening conditions.
Cell Cycle-dependent Tumor Necrosis Factor Apoptosis 1

To determine if tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-mediated apoptosis affects cells at defined stages of the cell cycle, WEHM64/2F (WEHI) cells were synchronized at G,,-G, after 3-day cultures in medium containing KI'Ml 1640 and 0.5% FCS (RPMI-0.5% FCS). The arrested WEHI cells (60-75% in G0-G,) showed increased sensitivity to TNF killing, measured as 48-h 3-(5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide as says, and 15-h apoptosis by propidium iodide staining and flow cytometry analysis. The TNF killing kinetics of G0-G,-arrested cells was similar to controls, and TNF did not accelerate or retard cell cycle progression of the arrested cells after feeding with fresh RPMI-0.5% FCS. However, TNF inhibited WEHI DNA synthesis as early as l h after treatment, and inhibition was proportionate to sensitivity to TNF-induced apoptosis. WEHI cells treated with TNF showed a higher percentage of cells in S phase with concomitant decrease in G(I-G, and G2-M. When cultured for 3-18 h in fresh RPMI-0.5% FCS to allow progression of the G0-G,arrested cells toward the G,-S boundary, WEHI cells became more sen sitive to TNF killing, especially at the 3-9-h time points. Moreover, TNF did not degrade [l25I]5-iodo-2'-deoxyuridine-labeled WEHI DNA if the labeled cells were precultured for 9 h in fresh RPMI-0.5% FCS to allow them to pass S phase before the addition of TNF. These results show that TNF-induced apoptosis of WEHI cells is connected to cell cycle events; WEHI targets receive the TNF cytotoxic signal mainly at the G,-S bound ary and begin to die by apoptosis as they exit from S phase.
La inclusión de TIC por estudiantes universitarios: una mirada desde el Conectivismo

El articulo deriva de un estudio basado en los supuestos del conectivismo cuyo objetivo fue conocer como se incluyen las tecnologias de la informacion y la comunicacion (TIC) en las acciones de aprendizaje de estudiantes universitarios. El trabajo de tipo cuantitativo, transversal y de alcance descriptivo se aplico a una muestra aleatoria estratificada de 684 estudiantes de licenciatura de una universidad publica del estado de Jalisco, Mexico. Incluye la validacion del instrumento que ayudo a recabar los datos que, una vez analizados, indican que la inclusion de TIC se da cuando los estudiantes las utilizan para pasar de lo confuso a lo definido y las aplican a problemas de aprendizaje que involucren la identificacion de informacion importante, asi como la fiabilidad del sitio consultado. De los participantes en el estudio, 82% han buscado informacion en bases de datos cientificas y la relacionan dandole aplicabilidad al conocimiento adquirido a traves de medios electronicos; algunas veces utilizan herramientas y dan significado a los datos elaborando organizadores graficos o resumenes, en los que expresan lo que han comprendido. El conectivismo fue un referente adecuado para interpretar la inclusion de las TIC, asi como para reconocer la influencia del contexto en que se desarrollan las acciones.
A theory of the influence of eye movements on the refinement of direction selectivity in the cat's primary visual cortex

Early in life, visual experience influences the refinement of the preferential response for specific stimulus features exhibited by neurons in the primary visual cortex. A striking example of this influence is the reduction in cortical direction selectivity observed in cats reared under high-frequency stroboscopic illumination. Although various mechanisms have been proposed to explain the maturation of individual properties of neuronal responses, a unified account of the joint development of the multiple response features of cortical neurons has remained elusive. In this study, we show that Hebbian synaptic plasticity accounts for the simultaneous refinement of orientation and direction selectivity under both normal and stroboscopic rearing, if one takes into account the spatiotemporal input to the retina during oculomotor activity. In a computational model of the LGN and V1, eye movements are sufficient to establish the patterns of thalamocortical activity required for a Hebbian refinement of both direction- and orientation-selective responses during exposure to natural stimuli. Furthermore, we show that consideration of fixational eye movements explains the simultaneous loss of direction selectivity and preservation of orientation selectivity observed as a consequence of stroboscopic rearing. These results further support a role for oculomotor activity in the refinement of the response properties of V1 neurons.
Towards the Annotation of Penn TreeBank with Information Structure

Information Structure (IS) determines the “communicative” segmentation of the meaning of an utterance, which makes it central to the semantics‐syntax‐ intonation interface and therefore also to NLP. Despite this relevance, IS has not received much attention in the context of the majority of the reference treebanks for data-driven NLP that already contain a semantic and syntactic layers of annotation. We present our work in progress on the annotation of the Penn TreeBank with the thematicity dimension of the IS as defined in the Meaning-Text Theory. We experiment with tagging and transitionbased parsing techniques. Especially the latter achieve acceptable accuracy with even very small training samples, which is promising for languages with scarce resources.
Improving systemic breast cancer therapy: time to look beyond the primary tumour?

Aim Intra and inter tumour heterogeneity is a known feature in cancer because tumour cells undergo changes at genetic and epigenetic level as they spread from their primary tumour site. Adjuvant treatment protocols in breast cancer are currently based on the biological characteristics of the primary tumour, which in most cases has been removed surgically. Considering tumour heterogeneity in metastases we examined the present status of knowledge regarding measurable differences in tumour profiling between the primary breast tumour and its synchronous axillary lymph node metastases (ALNM) and if so whether adjuvant therapy directed towards the tumour characteristics of the ALNM instead of those of the primary tumour is more effective. Methods We performed a literature search in Pubmed with the following MeSH headings: HUMAN and BREAST NEOPLASMS and RECEPTORS and ErbB-2. Results A significant change in tumour features was seen in metachronous metastases. In contrast, a high concordance of biomarker expression was reported between a primary breast tumour and its synchronous ALNM. Conclusion Tumour heterogeneity is a challenge for targeted therapy. A poor response can be explained by the diversity of tumour cells. The biological profile of synchronous ALNM measured by oestrogen (ER), progesterone (PR) and her-2-neu receptor status does not differ from the primary breast tumour and is not predictive of the tumour profile in metachronous metastasis. New techniques, such as profiling of circulating tumour cells or tumour behaviour in xenografts, are promising in directing more effective adjuvant therapy.
Voltage-fed half-bridge resonant converter for multiple lamp independent operation

In this paper, we explore the voltage-fed half-bridge LLC resonant converter for multiple lamp parallel independent operation (ILO). Based on the observation of almost invariant voltage gain relation with the resonant tank input impedance phase angle for different number of lamps, we propose the so-called phase-shift based control method. With this method, multiple lamp ILO is achieved under voltage-fed half-bridge LLC resonant converter with zero-voltage-switching (ZVS). Experimental results are presented for instant start 4-lamp TL70 F32T8.
Slug increases sensitivity to tubulin-binding agents via the downregulation of βIII and βIVa-tubulin in lung cancer cells

Transcription factor Slug/SNAI2 (snail homolog 2) plays a key role in the induction of the epithelial mesenchymal transition in cancer cells; however, whether the overexpression of Slug mediates the malignant phenotype and alters drug sensitivity in lung cancer cells remains largely unclear. We investigated Slug focusing on its biological function and involvement in drug sensitivity in lung cancer cells. Stable Slug transfectants showed typical morphological changes compared with control cells. Slug overexpression did not change the cellular proliferations; however, migration activity and anchorage‐independent growth activity with an antiapoptotic effect were increased. Interestingly, stable Slug overexpression increased drug sensitivity to tubulin‐binding agents including vinorelbine, vincristine, and paclitaxel (5.8‐ to 8.9‐fold increase) in several lung cancer cell lines but did not increase sensitivity to agents other than tubulin‐binding agents. Real‐time RT‐PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and western blotting revealed that Slug overexpression downregulated the expression of βIII and βIVa‐tubulin, which is considered to be a major factor determining sensitivity to tubulin‐binding agents. A luciferase reporter assay confirmed that Slug suppressed the promoter activity of βIVa‐tubulin at a transcriptional level. Slug overexpression enhanced tumor growth, whereas Slug overexpression increased drug sensitivity to vinorelbine with the downregulation of βIII and βIV‐tubulin in vivo. Immunohistochemistry of Slug with clinical lung cancer samples showed that Slug overexpression tended to be involved in response to tubulin‐binding agents. In conclusion, our data indicate that Slug mediates an aggressive phenotype including enhanced migration activity, anoikis suppression, and tumor growth, but increases sensitivity to tubulin‐binding agents via the downregulation of βIII and βIVa‐tubulin in lung cancer cells.
Diagnosis and Management of Infected Total Knee Arthroplasty§

Infection following total knee arthroplasty can be difficult to diagnose and treat. Diagnosis is multifactorial and relies on the clinical picture, radiographs, bone scans, serologic tests, synovial fluid examination, intra-operative culture and histology. Newer techniques including ultrasonication and molecular diagnostic studies are playing an expanded role. Two-stage exchange arthroplasty with antibiotic cement and 4-6 weeks of intravenous antibiotic treatment remains the most successful intervention for infection eradication. There is no consensus on the optimum type of interval antibiotic cement spacer. There is a limited role for irrigation and debridement, direct one-stage exchange, chronic antibiotic suppression and salvage procedures like arthrodesis and amputation. We examine the literature on each of the diagnostic modalities and treatment options in brief and explain their current significance.
Material Characterization Using Complementary Split-Ring Resonators

A microwave method based on complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) is proposed for dielectric characterization of planar materials. The technique presents advantages such as high measurement sensitivity and eliminates the extensive sample preparation procedure needed in resonance-based methods. A sensor in the shape of CSRRs working at a 0.8-1.3 GHz band is demonstrated. The sensor is etched in the ground plane of a microstrip line to effectively create a stopband filter. The frequencies at which minimum transmission and minimum reflection are observed depend on the permittivity of the sample under test. The minimum transmission frequency shifts from 1.3 to 0.8 GHz as the sample permittivity changes from 1 to 10. The structure is fabricated using printed circuit board technology. Numerical findings are experimentally verified.
FACTORS AFFECTING THE CAPITAL STRUCTURE AND EFFECT ON ITS PERFORMANCE

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi struktur modal dan pengaruhnya terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Variabel yang digunakan yaitu debt ratio, return on asset, tangibility, size, growth, dan liquidity. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan model analisis two stages least square (TSLS). Penelitian ini menggunakan target penelitian seluruh sektor perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia periode 2011-2015, kecuali sektor keuangan. Jumlah observasi dalam penelitian ini adalah 1370 observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variabel tangibility memiliki pe ngaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap struktur modal. Sedangkan variabel size, growth, dan liquidity memiliki pengaruh yang negatif dan signifikan. Pada model kedua, diperoleh hasil bahwa variabel tangibility memiliki pengaruh yang negatif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja perusahaan, sedangkan size dan growth memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap kinerja perusahaan. Variabel debt ratio memiliki pengaruh yang tidak signifikan terhadap kinerja perusahaan.
Transdermal Optical Communications

Active medical implants (AMIs) are "electronic medicators and monitors" that inject controlled currents to the heart, spine, brain, or other organs or control electromechanical medical devices such as medication dispensers. Imagine an AMI with molecular in vivo sensors for biological assay that uses these data to monitor a patient's condition and its own performance as well as diagnose, indicate status to health care providers, and automatically adjust its operation. In this scenario the AMI provides rapid, bidirectional through-skin (transdermal) data/information transfer and programming, relying on high-capacity memory storage. Future AMI communications will require a significantly increased data rate to/from an external reader-programmer in addition to improved operational aspects. This article presents early efforts to develop a high-data-rate (>1 Mbps) optical link to achieve these future requirements.