Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improved delivery of radiolabeled anti-B1 monoclonal antibody to Raji lymphoma xenografts by predosing with unlabeled anti-B1 monoclonal antibody.

A human B-cell lymphoma xenograft model was used to test whether the administration of unlabeled MoAb prior to injection of radiolabeled monoclonal antibody (MoAb) improves delivery of the radiolabeled MoAb to tumor prior to testing in clinical radioimmunotherapy trials. The anti-B1/CD20 pan-B-cell MoAb reactive with human B-cell lymphomas and leukemias but not reactive with mouse B-cells was used in this study. Athymic nude mice bearing human Raji Burkitt lymphoma xenografts were given injections of 2.5 muCi (0.3 microgram) 131I-labeled anti-B1 with or without a 2-h prior single injection of 100 micrograms of unlabeled anti-B1 antibody. Four days later the animals given injections of 131I-labeled anti-B1 and the unlabeled anti-B1 predose had a tumor uptake of 12.72 +/- 1.17% (SEM) of injected dose/g which was 44% greater than the animals receiving the 131I-labeled anti-B1 alone (P = 0.014). The uptake in most normal tissues was unchanged, although the blood level of 131I-labeled anti-B1 appeared to be greater following unlabeled anti-B1 predosing (P = 0.067). Predosing with isotype matched irrelevant MoAb did not result in a greater tumor uptake or blood concentration of 131I-labeled anti-B1 compared to the administration of 131I-labeled anti-B1 alone. In studies using 111In-labeled anti-B1, the effect of unlabeled antibody predosing was more pronounced. For animals given injections of 4.5 muCi (0.4 microgram) 111In-labeled anti-B1 and the unlabeled anti-B1 predose, the uptake in tumor was 12.37 +/- 2.07% of injected dose/g which was 162% greater than the animals receiving the 111In-labeled anti-B1 alone (P = 0.009). Predosing decreased 111In-labeled anti-B1 uptake in spleen, while the blood level was significantly greater. Predosing was more effective than simultaneous injection in improving tumor delivery. When tumor-bearing mice were either simultaneously given injections of 36 micrograms of unlabeled anti-B1 and 4 micrograms 111In-labeled anti-B1 or were given preinjections of 36 micrograms unlabeled anti-B1 3 h prior to injection of 4 micrograms 111In-labeled anti-B1, tumor uptake 3 days later was 1.3-fold higher in the animals which received the preinjection of unlabeled antibody (P = 0.011). As the quantity of unlabeled anti-B1 was increased (36, 96, 996 micrograms) in the predose, significantly greater uptake in tumor was observed, although this uptake appeared to plateau at the highest predoses. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Marine Compounds Selectively Induce Apoptosis in Female Reproductive Cancer Cells but Not in Primary-Derived Human Reproductive Granulosa Cells

Anticancer properties of tyrindoleninone and 6-bromoisatin from Dicathais orbita were tested against physiologically normal primary human granulosa cells (HGC) and reproductive cancer cell lines. Tyrindoleninone reduced cancer cell viability with IC50 values of 39 µM (KGN; a tumour-derived granulosa cell line), 39 μM (JAr), and 156 μM (OVCAR-3), compared to 3516 μM in HGC. Apoptosis in HGC’s occurred after 4 h at 391 µM tyrindoleninone compared to 20 µM in KGN cells. Differences in apoptosis between HGC and KGN cells were confirmed by TUNEL, with 66 and 31% apoptotic nuclei at 4 h in KGN and HGC, respectively. These marine compounds therefore have potential for development as treatments for female reproductive cancers.
Vitreous Fibronectin and Fibrinogen Expression Increased in Eyes With Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy After Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Therapy.

Purpose To evaluate vitreous humor (VH) protein expression profiles in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR), with and without intravitreal injection (IVI) of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) before vitrectomy. Methods We enrolled consecutive PDR patients who needed pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with or without IVI or pan-retinal photocoagulation (PRP). Visual acuity, duration, and treatment of diabetes mellitus, ocular treatment history, and fundus examinations were recorded. VH samples were collected without artificial humor infusion. Label-free quantitative proteomics analysis was performed to determine the protein expression profiles of VH samples. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were performed to validate the proteomics results. Results PDR patients who underwent IVI at a mean of 5.8 days (range, 3-8 days) before PPV (IVI group, n = 12) were younger than PDR patients with a history of PRP (PRP group, n = 29) and untreated PDR patients (control group, n = 21). The duration of diabetes mellitus was similar in the three groups. Label-free quantitative proteomics analysis showed that the signal intensities for fibronectin, fibrinogen α chain, fibrinogen β chain, fibrinogen γ chain, VEGF receptor 1 (VEGFR1), and VEGFR2 were significantly greater in the IVI group than in the other two groups. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays validated the results for fibronectin and fibrinogens, but found no significant differences in VEGF or VEGFR2 concentrations. VEGFR1 expression was significantly greater in the IVI and PRP groups than in the control group. Conclusions VH fibronectin and fibrinogen concentrations were highest in the IVI patients, which may promote fibrin-fibronectin complexation and fibrosis in eyes with PDR.
Perceptual evaluation of audiovisual cues for prominence

This paper reports on two experiments with a Talking Head that explore the ability of eyebrow movements to cue focus. The first experiment tests how listeners react to synthetic stimuli in which the eyebrow movements coincide with pitch accents versus those in which these two occur on different words. Results show that subjects prefer those utterances in which pitch and eyebrow movements are aligned on the same word. The second experiment investigates whether listeners are sensitive to eyebrow movements when they have to rate the prominence of particular words in audiovisual stimuli. This experiment shows that eyebrow movements both boost the perceived prominence of words that also receive a pitch accent, and downscale the prominence of unaccented words in the immediate context of the accented word.
Deterministic RF nulling in phased arrays for the next generation of radio telescopes

A requirement of the next generation of radio telescopes for astronomy is the ability to cope with the forever increasing problem of radio-frequency interference (RFI). Unlike conventional fixed parabolic receivers, currently used in astronomy, the application of phased-array beamforming techniques opens up the possibility to spatially null RFI in the RF domain, prior to signal digitization. This paper presents results from the second phased-array experimental demonstrator, the One Square Meter Array, on calibration and RF nulling performance. The approach is to deterministically null known RFI in the RF beamforming domain, and to adaptively remove the remaining RFI in the digital beamforming domain. A novel array-calibration technique, called the multi-element phase toggle technique (MEP), is presented. This technique allows a fast and very accurate calibration of wide-band phased-array antennas. Array calibration is shown to determine the extent to which RFI can be removed by experimental verification of simulated null depths.
Text to Ideology or Text to Party Status

A number of recent papers have used support-vector machines with word features to classify political texts — in particular, legislative speech — by ideology. Our own work on this topic led us to hypothesize that such classifiers are sensitive not to expressions of ideology but rather to expressions of attack and defence, opposition and government. We test this hypothesis by training on one parliament and testing on another in which party roles have been interchanged, and we find that the performance of the classifier completely disintegrates. Moreover, some features that are indicative of each party “swap sides” with the change of government. And combining ideologically inconsistent opposition parties together in the classifier does not in most cases seriously degrade its performance. Our results suggest that the language of attack and defence, of government and opposition, dominates and confounds any sensitivity to ideology in these kinds of classifiers.
Tracking of Maneuvering Non-Ellipsoidal Extended Object or Target Group Using Random Matrix

For non-ellipsoidal extended object and group target tracking (NEOT and NGTT), using a random matrix to simplify the extension as an ellipsoid, although efficient, may not be accurate enough because of the loss of useful information in shape and orientation. In view of this, we model a non-ellipsoidal extended object or target group as a combination of multiple ellipsoidal sub-objects, each represented by a random matrix. Different sub-objects are distinguished by different dynamic models. Based on such models, a Bayesian approach is proposed to estimate the kinematic states and the extensions of the sub-objects. For maneuvering NEOT and NGTT, a multiple-model approach is proposed. The overall maneuver model is combined with the sub-object models to describe the common and the individual motions of the sub-objects. Three simplifications of the approach are presented. Two scenarios for maneuvering and nonmaneuvering NEOT and NGTT are simulated. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed modeling and estimation approach.
Rate of force development as an adjunctive outcome measure for return-to-sport decisions after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

STUDY DESIGN Descriptive, prospective, longitudinal single-cohort study. OBJECTIVE To investigate the rate of force development to 30% (RFD(30)), 50% (RFD(50)), and 90% (RFD(90)) of maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) as an adjunct outcome measure for determining readiness for return to sport following an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. BACKGROUND One criterion of full recovery following an ACL reconstruction is the ability to achieve 85% or 90% of the maximal strength of the contralateral limb. However, the time required to develop muscular strength in many types of daily and sports activities is considerably shorter than that required to achieve maximal strength. Therefore, in addition to maximal strength, neuromuscular functions such as RFD should also be considered in the definition of recovery. METHODS Forty-five male professional soccer players who underwent an ACL reconstruction were recruited. Assessment with the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) Subjective Knee Evaluation Form, Tegner score, and KT1000 instrumented arthrometer was performed postinjury/prereconstruction and at 6 and 12 months after ACL reconstruction. MVIC, RFD(30), RFD(50), and RFD(90) testing was performed preinjury, as part of standard preseason assessment, and at 6 and 12 months post-ACL reconstruction. RESULTS The average MVIC value 6 months postreconstruction was 97% of the preinjury average value. In contrast, at 6 months, the RFD(30), RFD(50), and RFD(90) values were 80% (P = .04), 77% (P = .03), and 63% (P = .007), respectively, of the preinjury values. The mean RFD values for the reconstructed knee attained or exceeded 90% of the preinjury mean values only at the 12-month post-ACL reconstruction assessment (RFD(30), P = . 86; RFD(50), P = . 51; RFD(90), P = . 56). CONCLUSION Despite the near recovery of MVIC strength to preinjury levels, there were still significant deficits in RFD at 6 months post-ACL reconstruction. An RFD similar to the preinjury RFD was achieved at 12 months post-ACL reconstruction, following a rehabilitation program focusing on muscle power. These results suggest that, following an ACL reconstruction, RFD criteria may be a useful adjunct outcome measure for the decision to return athletes to sports. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2012;42(9):772-780, Epub 19 July 2012. doi:10.2519/jospt.2012. 3780.
Development of mid-infrared light emitting diodes to replace incandescent airfield lighting

This work studied the replacement of incandescent airfield lighting systems withlight emitting diodes. The focus was on the replacement of the infrared component of the incandescent spectra. A series of LEDs with a variety of nanostructures in different material systems were produced and tested to determine their suitability in replacing incandescent airfield lighting systems.Utilising quantum dashes in the active region, a surface emitting LED achievedan output power of 1.2mW at 1.97 um. This device had a wall-plug efficiency of0.7%, an efficiency greater than that obtained in comparable commercially avail-able surface emitting devices. The output power of this device was limited by theconnement of electrons within the quantum dashes at room temperature.Another device characterised in this study was an LED with sub-monolayerInSb/GaSb quantum dots in the active region. The sub-monolayer InSb quantumdots were grown at Lancaster on GaSb substrates using molecular beam epitaxy and fabricated into surface emitting LEDs. These were investigated using x-raydiffraction, transmission electron microscopy and electroluminescence. This is the first reported electroluminescence from such devices. Emission was measured at temperatures up to 250 K. Room temperature emission was from the quantum wells in which the quantum dots where grown, output power was 80 uW at a wavelength of 1.66 um.Further devices with InSb sub-monolayer insertions were fabricated into edgeemitting diodes. These samples were grown on GaAs using interfacial misfit arrays, defect densities were reduced through the use of defect filtering layers. The threading dislocation density decreased by a factor of 6 from 2.5x10^9/cm^2 to 4x10^8/cm^2 between the bottom and top of the defect filtering layer. The edge emitting devices achieved lasing up to 200K with a characteristic temperature of 150 K. These devices were limited by Shockley-Read-Hall recombination and weak confinement of carriers within the InSb regions. The inclusion of AlGaSb barriers improved room temperature operation with output power increasing from 2 uW to 42 uW.In addition, increased confinement also resulted in a decrease in peak wavelength from 2.01um to 1.81um. GaInSb quantum well samples were produced on GaAs substrates utilising aninterfacial misfit array. This included the first reported instances of ternary inter-facial misfit array interfaces with threading dislocation densities of <2x10^9/cm^2 for an AlGaSb/GaAs interface and 5x10^10/cm^2 for an InAlSb/GaAs interface. By utilising an AlGaSb interfacial misfit array it was possible to improve the confinement of carriers within the GaInSb quantum wells, resulting in a twenty fold increase in room temperature photoluminescence intensity.
Patient Perspectives of Dignity, Autonomy and Control at the End of Life: Systematic Review and Meta-Ethnography

Background Research in the end-of-life context has explored the sense of dignity experienced by patients with advanced disease, examining the factors associated with it. Whereas certain perspectives regard dignity as an intrinsic quality, independent of external factors, in the clinical setting it is generally equated with the person’s sense of autonomy and control, and it appears to be related to patients’ quality of life. This study aims to explore the relationship between perceived dignity, autonomy and sense of control in patients at the end of life. Methods We conducted a systematic review and meta-ethnography using reciprocal translation and line-of-argument synthesis. The search strategy used MeSH terms in combination with free-text searching of the Pubmed, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycINFO and Cochrane databases, from their inception until 2015. This identified 186 articles, after excluding duplicates. The inclusion criterion was primary qualitative studies in which dignity, autonomy and control at the end of life were explored. Studies were evaluated using the CASP guidelines. Results Twenty-one studies recording the experiences of 400 participants were identified. Three themes emerged: a) dignity mediated by the loss of functionality, linked to the loss of control; b) dignity as identity; and c) autonomy as a determining factor of perceived dignity, understood as the desire for control over the dying process and the desire for self-determination. We propose an explanatory model which highlights that those patients with an intrinsic sense of dignity maintained a positive view of themselves in the face of their illness. Conclusion This synthesis illustrates how dignity and autonomy are intertwined and can be perceived as a multidimensional concept, one that is close to the notion of personal identity. The ability to regard dignity as an intrinsic quality has a positive impact on patients, and the design of care strategies should take this into account.
Health Status Assessments Using the Veterans SF‐12 and SF‐36: Methods for Evaluating Outcomes in the Veterans Health Administration

This article describes a study in which the administration of two health surveys, the Veterans SF-36 and SF-12, by telephone and mail-out was used to assess the differences in the health surveys' costs and scores by mode of administration and determine which mode was cost-efficient. The study employed a crossover design: after 12 unsuccessful attempts to contact patients by telephone, the patients were administered the survey by mail, and after 2 unsuccessful mail-outs, up to three attempts were made to interview the patients by telephone. The analysis of the data showed that mail administration, with or without crossover to telephone, was more cost-efficient than telephone administration, having both lower average total and variable costs per completed questionnaire. Overall, telephone administration was about 30% more expensive that mail administration, primarily due to the cost of labor. The marginal cost of an additional completed Veterans SF-12 or Veterans SF-36 was also substantially lower for mail administration. Mail administration without crossover to telephone administration was the most cost-efficient strategy for administering both the Veterans SF-12 and SF-36. The results of this study strongly suggest the need to consider the mode of administration if questionnaires like the Veterans SF-12 or SF-36 are to be used to assess health outcomes within and across large health care systems.
Impact of a health promotion program on the health of primary school principals

The role of a school principal has changed dramatically in the last decade and there has been widespread concern regarding the impact of this change of role on principal health and wellbeing. Worksite health promotion programs have been used in many different settings to encourage employee health, but there is very little information on the effectiveness of such programs, particularly in improving principal health. This study evaluated the impact of a 12‐month health promotion program on a group of 50 volunteer principals. Participants in the program reported improvements in their diet and exercise habits and this was reflected in improvements in blood pressure, cholesterol and body fat measures. These results indicate that worksite health promotion can play a significant role in improving the health and wellbeing of school principals.
The Effect of Job Demands and a Lack of Job Resources on South African Educators’ Mental and Physical Resources.

Abstract In this paper, the authors report on the perceptions of educators in the Further Education and Training (FET) band in the Sedibeng West District (D8) of the Gauteng Province regarding the effect of job demands (workload) and a lack of job resources on their mental and physical resources. Educational policy changes make it difficult for educators to cope. Many educators feel that their workload affects their health and personal lives. The contribution of the paper lies in an exploration of the Job Demands-Resource (JD-R) model at FET school level in South Africa and the recommendations made to assist educators to cope better with their increased workload.
Translational Research in Acute Lung Injury and Pulmonary Fibrosis MAP 1 LC 3 B overexpression protects against Hermansky-Pudlak syndrome type-1-induced defective autophagy in vitro

Saket Ahuja, Lars Knudsen, Shashi Chillappagari, Ingrid Henneke, Clemens Ruppert, Martina Korfei, Bernadette R. Gochuico, Saverio Bellusci, Werner Seeger, Matthias Ochs, Andreas Guenther,* and Poornima Mahavadi* Department of Internal Medicine, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany; Universities of Giessen and Marburg Lung Center (UGMLC), Member of the German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Giessen, Germany; Institute of Functional and Applied Anatomy, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany; Biomedical Research in End-Stage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hannover, Germany; REBIRTH Cluster of Excellence, Hannover, Germany; Department of Pediatrics, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany; Excellence Cluster Cardiopulmonary System (ECCPS), Giessen, Germany; Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland; Member European IPF Registry/Biobank; and Lung Clinic Waldhof-Elgershausen, Greifenstein, Germany
Opportunistic power allocation and sensor selection schemes for wireless sensor networks

In this letter, we analyze a class of Opportunistic Power Allocation (OPA) and sensor selection schemes for parameter estimation in wireless sensor networks. In all cases, only sensors experiencing favorable conditions participate in the estimation process by adjusting their transmit power on the basis of local Channel State Information (CSI) and Residual Energy Information. We address a number of classical problems: the minimization of distortion and transmit power, or the enhancement of network lifetime. Furthermore, we derive an improved version which is robust to CSI imperfections. Interestingly, the performance of OPA schemes are close to the optimal approaches.
Angio-Seal Use in Patients with Peripheral Arterial Disease (ASPIRE)

Purpose: To investigate the incidence of complications after the use of an arterial closure device (Angio-Seal) in patients with peripheral arterial disease. Methods: In 105 consecutive patients after transfemoral catheterization, the puncture site was closed using a closure device (Angio-Seal). Colour-flow-duplexsonography studies were conducted 1 to 4 days before, within 3 days after and 3 month after the intervention. Results: All patients had peripheral arterial disease, 34 had calcification at the puncture site. Detection of calcification did not prevent device deployment. Complications (2 minor bleedings, 1 pseudoaneurysm) were not associated with high risk groups (these were: 69 antegrade punctures, 22 obese and 32 hypertensive patients). Three-month postinterventional diameter and blood velocity changes were <1%. Conclusions: Patients with peripheral arterial disease in the region of the puncture site and patients at higher complication risk can safely and effectively be closed with an Angio-Seal device. At the puncture site, no lumen change can be observed 3 months postinterventional.