Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Prorocentrum elegans and Prorocentrum levis (Dinophyceae) from the southeastern Bay of Biscay by morphology and molecular phylogeny

Benthic Prorocentrum species can produce toxins that adversely affect animals and human health. They are known to co‐occur with other bloom‐forming, potentially toxic, benthic dinoflagellates of the genera Ostreopsis, Coolia, and Gambierdiscus. In this study, we report on the presence of P. elegans M.Faust and P. levis M.A.Faust, Kibler, Vandersea, P.A. Tester & Litaker from the southeastern Bay of Biscay. Sampling was carried out in the Summer‐Autumn 2010–2012 along the Atlantic coast of the Iberian Peninsula, but these two species were only found in the northeastern part of the Peninsula. Strains were isolated from macroalgae collected from rocky‐shore areas bordering accessible beaches. Morphological traits of isolated strains were analyzed by LM and SEM, whereas molecular analyses were performed using the LSU and internal transcribed spacer (ITS)1‐5.8S‐ITS2 regions of the rDNA. A bioassay with Artemia fransciscana and liquid chromatography–high‐resolution mass spectrometry analyses were used to check the toxicity of the species, whose results were negative. The strains mostly corresponded to their species original morphological characterization, which is supported by the phylogenetic analyses in the case of P. levis, whereas for P. elegans, this is the first known molecular characterization. This is also the second known report of P. elegans.
Message framing and physical activity: One size fits all versus a tailored approach

vi CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION . 1 Background of the Study . 1 Statement of the Problem . 3 Rationale and Theoretical Framework . 4 Purpose and Research Questions of the Study . 7 Significance of the Study . 7 Definitions of Terms . 8 Thesis Organization . 9 CHAPTER 2. THEORETICAL CONCEPTUALIZATION FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY MESSAGES . 10 Abstract . 10 Introduction . 10 Person-Centered Theory . 12 Self-Discrepancy Theory . 13 Regulatory Focus Theory . 15 Fundamental needs. 15 Goals / Standards . 15 Sensitivity to psychological outcomes . 15 Strategies . 16 Emotions . 16 Operant-Conditioning Theory . 18 Prospect Theory . 21 Regulatory Fit Theory . 24 Conclusions . 25
Location prediction of mobility management using neural network techniques in cellular network

This work describes the neural network technique to solve location management problem. A multilayer neural model is designed to predict the future prediction of the subscriber based on the past predicted information of the subscriber. In this paper a prediction based location management scheme is proposed for locating a mobile terminal in a communication without losing quality maintain a good response. There are various methods of location management schemes for prediction of the mobile user. Based on individual characteristic of the user, prediction based location management can be implemented. This work is purely analytical which need the past movement of the subscriber. The movement of the mobile target is considered as regular and uniform. An artificial neural network model is used for mobility management to reducing the total cost. Single or multiple mobile targets can be predicted. Among all the neural techniques multilayer perceptron is used for this work. The records is collected from the past movement and is used to train the network for the future prediction. The analytical result of the prediction method is found to be satisfactory.
PCA detection and denoising of Zeeman signatures in polarised stellar spectra

Aims. Our main objective is to develop a denoising strategy to increase the signal to noise ratio of individual spectral lines of stellar spectropolarimetric observations. Methods. We use a multivariate statistics technique called Principal Component Analysis. The cross-product matrix of the observations is diagonalized to obtain the eigenvectors in which the original observations can be developed. This basis is such that the first eigenvectors contain the greatest variance. Assuming that the noise is uncorrelated a denoising is possible by reconstructing the data with a truncated basis. We propose a method to identify the number of eigenvectors for an efficient noise filtering. Results. Numerical simulations are used to demonstrate that an important increase of the signal to noise ratio per spectral line is possible using PCA denoising techniques. It can be also applied for detection of magnetic fields in stellar atmospheres. We analyze the relation between PCA and commonly used techniques like line addition and least-squares deconvolution. Moreover, PCA is very robust and easy to compute.
The priority-based coloring approach to register allocation

Global register allocation plays a major role in determining the efficacy of an optimizing compiler. Graph coloring has been used as the central paradigm for register allocation in modern compilers. A straightforward coloring approach can suffer from several shortcomings. These shortcomings are addressed in this paper by coloring the graph using a priority ordering. A natural method for dealing with the spilling emerges from this approach. The detailed algorithms for a priority-based coloring approach are presented and are contrasted with the basic graph-coloring algorithm. Various extensions to the basic algorithms are also presented. Measurements of large programs are used to determine the effectiveness of the algorithm and its extensions, as well as the causes of an imperfect allocation. Running time of the allocator and the impact of heuristics aimed at reducing that time are also measured.
Resampling Phase III Data to Assess Phase II Trial Designs and Endpoints

Purpose: The best phase II design and endpoint for growth inhibitory agents is controversial. We simulated phase II trials by resampling patients from a positive (sorafenib vs. placebo; TARGET) and a negative (AE941 vs. placebo) phase III trial in metastatic renal cancer to compare the ability of various designs and endpoints to predict the known results. Experimental Design: A total of 770 and 259 patients from TARGET and the AE 941 trial, respectively, were resampled (5,000 replicates) to simulate phase II trials with α = 0.10 (one-sided). Designs/endpoints: single arm, two-stage with response rate (RR) by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST; 37 patients); and randomized, two arm (20–35 patients per arm) with RR by RECIST, mean log ratio of tumor sizes (log ratio), progression-free survival (PFS) rate at 90 days (PFS-90), and overall PFS. Results: Single-arm trials were positive with RR by RECIST in 55% and 1% of replications for sorafenib and AE 941, respectively. Randomized trials versus placebo with 20 patients per arm were positive with RR by RECIST in 55% and 7%, log ratio in 88% and 25%, PFS-90 in 64% and 15%, and overall PFS in 69% and 9% of replications for sorafenib and AE 941, respectively. Conclusions: Compared with the single-arm design and the randomized design comparing PFS, the randomized phase II design with the log ratio endpoint has greater power to predict the positive phase III result of sorafenib in renal cancer, but a higher false positive rate for the negative phase III result of AE 941. Clin Cancer Res; 18(8); 2309–15. ©2012 AACR.
Human psychopharmacology of second generation antidepressants.

Any compound which has the potential to disrupt cognitive and psychomotor performance will exacerbate the impairments which are a feature of depressive illness. The consequences of this include compromising the patient in terms of recovery from depression, reducing the quality of life and increasing the risk of accident. A critical review of the literature on the effects of antidepressants on performance in healthy volunteer and depressed patient populations showed that the older tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) impaired cognitive and psychomotor performance, whereas the newer antidepressants appeared to have little or no effect. This review also revealed that there were tests which were sensitive to the effects of antidepressants on human information processing, but only when used in appropriately designed experiments. On the basis of these findings, seven experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of the second generation antidepressants moclobemide, brofaromine, paroxetine, litoxetine, fluvoxamine, citalopram and fengabine in healthy volunteers. These antidepressants either improved performance on the battery of tests or were no different to placebo, whereas the TCAs dothiepin and amitriptyline produced impairments throughout. The eighth experiment evaluated the effects of fluoxetine versus dothiepin in depressed patients treated in general practice. Although fluoxetine and dothiepin were equipotent in reducing clinical ratings of depression, the cognitive and psychomotor abilities of patients in the fluoxetine group were superior to those in the dothiepin group. It is generally accepted that there is little to choose between antidepressants in terms of efficacy, however, the data presented in this thesis suggest that there are differences in the extent to which these drugs affect performance. These factors should be taken into consideration in the management of depression in ambulant outpatients.
Race, Ethnicity, Class and Identity: Implications for Study Abroad

ABSTRACT This study addresses study abroad and second language acquisition. The number of U.S. students studying abroad is increasing. However, students’ cultural and linguistic immersion experiences abroad can be disconcerting, challenging their sociocultural identities, values, learning objectives, and expectations. This study employed critical race theory to explore how a Black male student’s race, ethnicity, and class affected his interactions with locals and his language and culture learning, and how his experiences had strong repercussions on his identity negotiation process. The results of this study had strong implications for this student’s full immersion and academic learning. This article concludes with considerations for study abroad programs and how they should address discrimination, racial microaggressions, and racial battle fatigue.
Fault detection of broken rotor bars in induction motor using a global fault index

Induction motors play a very important part in the safe and efficient running of any industrial plant. Early detection of abnormalities in the motor would help to avoid costly breakdowns. Accordingly, this work presents a technique for the diagnosis of broken rotor bars in induction motor. Stator voltage and current in an induction motor were measured and employed for computation of the input power of one stator phase. Waveforms of the instantaneous power and line current were subsequently analyzed using the Bartlett periodogram. Different global fault indexes on the instantaneous power spectrum and on the line current spectrum for the fault detection are evaluated. Several rotor cage faults of increasing severity were studied with various load effects. Experimental results prove the efficiency of the employed method.
Using graphs to find the best block designs

A statistician designing an experiment wants to get as much information as possible from the data gathered. Often this means the most precise estimate possible (that is, an estimate with minimum possible variance) of the unknown parameters. If there are several parameters, this can be interpreted in many ways: do we want to minimize the average variance, or the maximum variance, or the volume of a confidence region for the parameters? In the case of block designs, these optimality criteria can be calculated from the concurrence graph of the design, and in many cases from its Laplacian eigenvalues. The Levi graph can also be used. The various criteria turn out to be closely connected with other properties of the graph as a network, such as number of spanning trees, isoperimetric number, and the sum of the resistances between pairs of vertices when the graph is regarded as an electrical network. In this chapter, we discuss the notions of optimality for incomplete-block designs, explain the graph-theoretic connections, and prove some old and new results about optimality.
White Dwarfs near Black Holes: A New Paradigm for Type I Supernovae

We present calculations indicating the possibility of a new class of Type I supernovae. In this new paradigm, relativistic terms enhance the self-gravity of a carbon-oxygen white dwarf as it passes or orbits near a black hole. This relativistic compression can cause the central density to exceed the threshold for pycnonuclear reactions so that a thermonuclear runaway ensues. We consider three possible environments: (1) white dwarfs orbiting a low-mass (~10-20 M☉) black hole, (2) white dwarfs encountering a massive [~(1-3) × 103 M☉] black hole in a dense globular cluster, and (3) white dwarfs passing a supermassive (~106-109 M☉) black hole in a dense galactic core. We estimate the rate at which such events could occur out to a redshift z ≈ 1. Event rates are estimated to be significantly less than the rate of normal Type Ia supernovae for all three classes. Nevertheless, such events may be frequent enough to warrant a search for this new class of supernova. We propose several observable signatures that might be used to identify this type of event and speculate that such an event might have produced the observed "mixed-morphology" Sgr A East supernova remnant in the Galactic core.
Lateralization of Prefrontal Activity during Episodic Memory Retrieval: Evidence for the Production-Monitoring Hypothesis

We propose a new hypothesis concerning the lateralization of prefrontal cortex (PFC) activity during verbal episodic memory retrieval. The hypothesis states that the left PFC is differentially more involved in semantically guided information production than is the right PFC, and that the right PFC is differentially more involved in monitoring and verification than is the left PFC. This production-monitoring hypothesis differs from the existing systematic-heuristic hypothesis, which proposes that the left PFC is primarily involved in systematic retrieval operations, and the right PFC in heuristic retrieval operations. To compare the two hypotheses, we measured PFC activity using positron emission tomography (PET) during the performance of four episodic retrieval tasks: stem cued recall, associative cued recall, context recognition (source memory), and item recognition. Recall tasks emphasized production processes, whereas recognition tasks emphasized monitoring processes. Stem cued recall and context-recognition tasks underscored systematic operations, whereas associative cued recall and item-recognition tasks underscored heuristic operations. Consistent with the production-monitoring hypothesis, the left PFC was more activated for recall than for recognition tasks and the right PFC was more activated for recognition than for recall tasks. Inconsistent with the systematic-heuristic hypothesis, the left PFC was more activated for heuristic than for systematic tasks and the right PFC showed the converse result. Additionally, the study yielded activation differences outside the PFC. In agreement with a previous recall/recognition PET study, anterior cingulate, cerebellar, and striatal regions were more activated for recall than for recognition tasks, and the converse occurred for posterior parietal regions. A right medial temporal lobe region was more activated for stem cued recall and context recognition than for associative cued recall and item recognition, possibly reflecting perceptual integration. In sum, the results provide evidence for the production-monitoring hypothesis and clarify the role of different brain regions typically activated in PET and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies of episodic retrieval.
Methodological Implications of Critical Realism for Mixed-Methods Research

Building on recent developments in mixed methods, we discuss the methodological implications of critical realism and explore how these can guide dynamic mixed-methods research design in information systems. Specifically, we examine the core ontological assumptions of CR in order to gain some perspective on key epistemological issues such as causation and validity, and illustrate how these shape our logic of inference in the research process through what is known as retroduction. We demonstrate the value of a CR-led mixed-methods research approach by drawing on a study that examines the impact of ICT adoption in the financial services sector. In doing so, we provide insight into the interplay between qualitative and quantitative methods and the particular value of applying mixed methods guided by CR methodological principles. Our positioning of demi-regularities within the process of retroduction contributes a distinctive development in this regard. We argue that such a research design enables us to better address issues of validity and the development of more robust meta-inferences.
Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Type 2 Diabetic Patients Regarding Obesity: Study in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh

Prevention and management of obesity largely depends on patient motivation and education and these, in turn, can be greatly facilitated by adequate baseline data on the knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of patients. The aim of this study is to assess KAP on obesity among Bangladeshi type 2 diabetics. Under a cross-sectional design 160 type 2 diabetics were selected from outpatient department of Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders. A standard questionnaire was constructed in local language and interview was administrated. Age and body mass index (BMI) of the respondents were 45.17±5.68 years and 25.6 ±4 kg/m2 respectively. Among them 45% were male, 38% had primary education, 25% belonged to normal weight, 1/2 of them were overweight and rest were obese. KAP score of the respondents was [mean ±SD(%)] 60.03±13.82, 79.30±8.27, 55.50±19.21 respectively. Majority were unaware about ideal body weight, energy requirement and the weight measurement techniques. A substantial proportion of the respondents considered fast food, soft drinks, mayonnaise as healthier food. Majority of them positively agreed on willingness to follow proper diet, maintaining ideal body weight, dietary management and exercise. More than half of the normal weight and overweight respondents did exercise >45 min, while 1/3 obese did not do exercise (35%). KAP score were significantly associated with respondents’ level of education (P=0.0001, P=0.007, P=0.05 respectively) practice score was significantly associated with sex (P=0.0001), occupation (P=0.003) and BMI (P=0.0001). There is a need for increased effort towards developing and making education programs focusing on empowering the persons to transform their knowledge and attitude into practice.
The Effects of Study Abroad on Spanish Teachers’ Self-Efficacy: A Multiple Case Study

The relationship between studying abroad and language proficiency is well documented in the foreign language literature (Brecht, Davidson, & Ginsberg, 1995; Collentine, 2004; Freed, 1995; Jochum, 2014; Schmidt-Rinehart & Knight, 2004; Segalowitz & Freed, 2004; Swender, 2003). Yet, very few researchers have studied the effect of study abroad on current or inservice foreign language teachers, who must maintain or improve their language skills throughout their career. Additionally, the concept of self-efficacy, or people’s judgments of their abilities to successfully complete a task (Bandura, 1997), is a strong predictor of foreign language achievement (Cubillos, & Ilvento, 2012, p. 497). As a result, Spanish teachers’ feelings of self-efficacy can provide an important measure of their abilities to be effective in the classroom and, perhaps, affect student achievement. There is a need for qualitative research focused on the lived experiences of inservice foreign language teachers while they are immersed in the target culture in order to better understand how those experiences can affect their instructional practices and teacher efficacy.
Video transmission over CDMA channels with bit-rate allocation and power optimization

In this paper, a novel video transmission scheme for transmission of three Dimensional Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (3D-SPIHT) video coding streams over the CDMA channels is proposed. The main idea behind this scheme is that the output of the 3D-SPIHT video coding will be send related to its significant information. The modified 3D-SPIHT coder will generate three groups of bitstream. The significant bits, the sign bits, and the refinement bits are transmitted in three different groups. The optimal Unequal Error Protection (UEP) of these groups is proposed. The RS code is used to test the effectiveness of the proposed scheme. In addition to UEP, the power optimization over the Code-Division Multiple Access channels (CDMA) is done which increases the performance of our system. The simulation results indicate that the proposed scheme provides significantly better PSNR performance in comparison with the well-known robust coding schemes.
Characterization of the Brain 26S Proteasome and its Interacting Proteins

Proteasome-mediated proteolysis is important for synaptic plasticity, neuronal development, protein quality control, and many other processes in neurons. To define proteasome composition in brain, we affinity purified 26S proteasomes from cytosolic and synaptic compartments of the rat cortex. Using tandem mass spectrometry, we identified the standard 26S subunits and a set of 28 proteasome-interacting proteins that associated substoichiometrically and may serve as regulators or cofactors. This set differed from those in other tissues and we also found several proteins that associated only with either the cytosolic or the synaptic proteasome. The latter included the ubiquitin-binding factor TAX1BP1 and synaptic vesicle protein SNAP-25. Native gel electrophoresis revealed a higher proportion of doubly-capped 26S proteasome (19S-20S-19S) in the cortex than in the liver or kidney. To investigate the interplay between proteasome regulation and synaptic plasticity, we exposed cultured neurons to glutamate receptor agonist NMDA. Within 4 h, this agent caused a prolonged decrease in the activity of the ubiquitin-proteasome system as shown by disassembly of 26S proteasomes, decrease in ubiquitin-protein conjugates, and dissociation of the ubiquitin ligases UBE3A (E6-AP) and HUWE1 from the proteasome. Surprisingly, the regulatory 19S particles were rapidly degraded by proteasomal, not lysosomal degradation, and the dissociated E3 enzymes also degraded. Thus the content of proteasomes and their set of associated proteins can be altered by neuronal activity, in a manner likely to influence synaptic plasticity and learning.