Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Surprised Loser

People tend to predict their preferred political candidate will win an election. The resulting “surprised losers” are examined as playing a role in the established gap between electoral winners and losers on such important outcomes as trust in government and satisfaction with the electoral process and democracy. Exposure to Fox News programming can increase wishful thinking among Republican candidate supporters, but among surprised losers, it does not increase negative attitudes.
Glossolalia and altered states of consciousness in two New Zealand religious movements

This article examines the prevalence of altered states of consciousness among Christian tongue speakers and compares it to experiences of glossolalia among meditators in a yoga‐based purificatory group called the Golden Light. The article is based on close interaction and interviews with participants over an eight‐year period. The results showed that, by self‐report, most Pentecostals and Charismatics did not experience altered states except during the baptism of the Spirit and that those who did constructed a meaning for their glossolalia. In contrast, all of the meditators described frequent intense altered states, of which speaking in tongues was an occasional manifestation. I suggest that there are two types of glossolalia—spontaneous glossolalia and context‐dependent glossolalia—and that the former is more likely to occur in groups that are radical, experiential, and charismatically led.
The Relationship Between Approaches to Learning and Reflection Upon Practice

This study examined the association between students' approaches to learning and stages of reflective thinking. The revised version of the Study Process Questionnaire was used to measure deep and surface approaches to learning and the Reflection Questionnaire was used to distinguish four stages of reflective and nonreflective thinking. Both questionnaires were completed by 402 undergraduates from all years of study from a health science faculty in a university in Hong Kong. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test possible associations. The results showed that only the habitual action scale correlated significantly to surface approach to learning. Understanding, reflection and critical reflection correlated with deep approach but had no correlation to surface approach. Understanding, reflection and critical reflection correspond to the use of a deep approach with increasing levels of meaningful personal assimilation. These findings provide evidence of close association between approaches to learning and stages of reflection upon practice. The results also provide evidence for the convergent validity of both questionnaires.
European climate response to tropical volcanic eruptions over the last half millennium

We analyse the winter and summer climatic signal following 15 major tropical volcanic eruptions over the last half millennium based on multi‐proxy reconstructions for Europe. During the first and second post‐eruption years we find significant continental scale summer cooling and somewhat drier conditions over Central Europe. In the Northern Hemispheric winter the volcanic forcing induces an atmospheric circulation response that significantly follows a positive NAO state connected with a significant overall warm anomaly and wetter conditions over Northern Europe. Our findings compare well with GCM studies as well as observational studies, which mainly cover the substantially shorter instrumental period and thus include a limited set of major eruptions.
Implementation of evidence based guidelines for paediatric asthma management in a teaching hospital

Aims: To evaluate a systematic approach to the development and implementation of evidence based asthma management guidelines. Methods: Comparative study of children (2–18 years) with acute asthma; a control cohort (cohort 1) was recruited before implementation of the guidelines and two cohorts were recruited after implementation (cohorts 2 and 3). Results: There was no difference in the proportion of patients who reattended in the six months following initial presentation for cohort 1 (21.5%), cohort 2 (27.8%), or cohort 3 (25.4%) and no difference in readmission rates (11.4%, 11.3%, 11.0% respectively). There was no difference in measures of asthma morbidity between the cohorts at 3 and 6 months across three domains: interval symptoms, exercise limitation, and bronchodilator use. Of those who did not have a management plan before presentation, one was provided to 46.9% of cohort 1, 74.8% of cohort 2, and 81.1% of cohort 3. There was no difference comparing cohort 2 or cohort 3 with cohort 1 regarding quality of life for either the subjects or their parents. Conclusions: Implementation of our evidence based guidelines was associated with the improved provision of asthma management plans, but there was no effect on reattendance or readmission to hospital, asthma morbidity, or quality of life. Future efforts to improve asthma management should target specific components of asthma care.
PATTERN OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THERAPY AMONG DIABETIC HYPERTEN- SIVE PATIENTS IN ZEWDITU MEMORIAL HOSPITAL, ADDIS ABABA.

INTRODUCTION Diabetes mellitus is becoming a common chronic disease in both developed and developing nations and is associated with significant cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality. The presence of hypertension in patients with diabetes mellitus doubles the risk of cardiovascular disease including coronary heart disease, congestive heart failure, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, renalfailure and peripheral arterial disease. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to assess the pattern of antihypertensive drug therapy among diabetic hypertensive patients in Zewditu Memorial Hospital Diabetic Clinic in Addis Ababa. METHODS This is a hospital based retrospective review of medical records of 382 diabetic-hypertensive patients who visited the Zewditu Memorial Hospital Diabetic Clinic in the period between August 2014 and January 2015. RESULTS The most frequently prescribed antihypertensive drug classes were angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor in 321 (84%) followed by calcium channel blocker in 229 (60%) and beta blocker in 145 (38%) patients. Enalapril, nifedipine, atenolol, losartan and hydrochlorthiazide were the only angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, calcium channel blocker, beta blocker, angiotensin receptor blocker and diuretic prescribed, respectively. Enalapril was used as a monotherapy in 73 (19%) and nifedipine in 26(7%), patients. The recommended target systolic blood pressure < 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg was achieved in only 57 (15%) patients while the remaining 325 (85%) did not attain the target blood pressure. Renal function was assessed in 351(92%) patients, of whom 23 (6%) had renal impairment with an estimated glomerular filtrate rate < 60 ml/min. CONCLUSION The pattern of antihypertensive drug therapy in our patients was consistent with the current treatment guidelines. However, the majority of diabetic-hypertensive patients did not reach target blood pressure.
Electrical Conduction in 3-Percent Carbon-Filied Polyethylene-Part 11: High-Field Results

The high-field conduction properties of 3% carbon-filled polyethylene were investigated. Detailed step-response measurements were made as a function of temperature and applied field. A near-quadratic dependence of the steadystate conduction current upon applied voltage was observed. The steady-state and transient absorption and resorption currents are discussed in the framework of physical models of space-charge limited conduction and charge carrier trapping.
Should i stay or should i go? Attachment and personality in stable and instable romantic relationships

Attachment, relationship satisfaction and personality were measured in a representative longitudinal sample of young adults over 8 years with three measurement occasions. The dynamics between personality and relationship development were examined in two groups: stable continuers (N = 133), who remained with the same partner, and relationship changers (N = 92), who ended their partnership and entered into a new relationship. Partnership satisfaction but not personality predicted relationship stability. Neuroticism and attachment quality were more stable in continuers than in changers. Cross‐lagged analyses of personality and relationship quality revealed a more consistent pattern of reciprocal influences in stable relationships, showing that dynamic transactions between personality and relationship quality are more likely to occur in stable social environments. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
BRAF mutation and microsatellite instability status in colonic and rectal carcinoma: context really does matter.

References 1. Gomez SL, Noone A-M, Lichtensztajn, DY, et al. Cancer incidence trends among Asian-American populations in the United States, 1990-2008 J Natl Cancer Inst. 2013;105(15):1096–1110. 2. Liu L, Noone A-M, Gomez SL, et al. Cancer incidence trends among Native Hawaiians and other Pacific Islanders in the United States, 19902008 J Natl Cancer Inst. 2013;105(15):1086–1095. 3. Buell P, Dunn JE. Cancer mortality among Japanese Issei and Nisei of California. Cancer. 1965;18(5):656–664. 4. Kolonel L, Hinds MW and Hankin JH. 1980. Cancer patterns among migrant and native-born Japanese in Hawaii in relation to smoking drinking and dietary habits. In: Gelboin HV, MacMahon B, Matsushima T, Sugimura T, Takayama S, Takebe H, ed. Genetic and Environmental Factors in Experimental and Human Cancer. Tokyo: Japan Scientific Societies Press; 1980: 327–340. 5. Kolonel L, Wilkens LR. Migrant Studies. In: Schottenfeld D, Fraumeni JF Jr, eds. Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention. 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press; 2006:189–201. 6. Ziegler RG, Hoover RN, Pike MC, et al. 1993. Migration patterns and breast cancer risk in Asian-American women. J Natl Cancer Inst. 1993;85(22):1819–1827. 7. Center for Immigration Studies. Immigration Policy at the Edges: International Migration to and Through the U.S. Island Territories, 2003. http:www.cis. org/USIslandTerratories-IntrnationalMigration.html. Accessed June 10, 2013. 8. Countries and their Cultures. Polynesians History and Cultural Relations. http://www.everyculture. com/North-America/Polynesians-History-andCulture-Relations.html. Accessed June 10, 2013. 9. Wikipedia. History of Asian American Immigration. http://en.wikipedia.org/ wiki/History_of_Asian_American_immigration. Accessed June 10, 2013. 10. Wikipedia. Japanese American. http://www.en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_ American. Acccessed June 10, 2013. 11. US Census Bureau. An Older and More Diverse Nation by Midcentury. http:// www.census. gov/newsroom/releases/archives/population/cb08-123.html. Accessed June 27, 2013. 12. US Department of Health and Human Services. Hepatitis and Asian Americans. http://minorityhealth.hhs. gov/templates/content.aspx? lvl=3& lvlid=541I40(1):43–68.
The ‘Deserving’ and the ‘Undeserving’: Practice in an Urban, Local Social Security Office

Abstract This article describes the processes of assessment and administration of certain aspects of the supplementary benefit scheme in a social security office in Northern Ireland. Based on evidence obtained observing staff-claimant interaction and interviews with over fifty unemployed claimants, the analysis attempts to demonstrate that a combination of resource constraints, staff attitudes and beliefs, and claimant tactics gives rise to practices which sustain and reproduce the categories ‘deserving’ and ‘undeserving’ at the very same time that staff insist that such practices are actually intended to vitiate this distinction.
Measurement of anti‐D intrinsic affinity with unlabeled antibodies

BACKGROUND: The method most commonly used for measuring the affinity of MoAbs specific for the D antigen is a binding assay using 125I‐labeled MoAb. Although the method is relatively simple, there are several drawbacks that can lead to inaccurate results. The objective of the present work was to develop a method for the deter‐mination of the affinity of anti‐D MoAb using unlabelled antibodies.
Social Predictors of Female Academics’ Career Growth and Leadership Position in South-West Nigerian Universities

1. Adepeju Olaide Oti (Nee Aderogba)[1][1] 1. 1Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria 1. Adepeju Olaide Oti (Nee Aderogba), Lead City University, Ibadan, Nigeria. Email: pejuoti2002{at}yahoo.com This study examined the efficacy of social predictors of female academics’ career growth and leadership position in Nigerian universities. Results show that the composite effect of the social predictors are significant ( F = 37.888; p .05), academic men collegial support (β = .419; p < .05), parental influence (β = .368; p < .05), and spousal support (β = .250; p < .05) contributed to leadership position. Parental influence ( B = −.12; t = −4.89; p < .05) and spousal support ( B = .13; t = 4.26; p < .05) predicted career growth, while academic men attitude toward women ( B = .947; t = 3.755; p < .05), academic men collegial support ( B = −1.080; t = −3.648; p < .05), parental influence ( B = −.220; t = −9.050; p < .05), and spousal support ( B = .191; t = 6.343; p < .05) predicted leadership position. The implications are that parental influence and spousal supports are essential for career growth, while all four factors are crucial for female academics’ leadership attainment. [1]: #aff-1
A Group-Theoretic Setting for Some Intersecting Sperner Families

Using a group-theoretic approach, we derive some Erdős-Ko-Rado-type results for certain Sperner families of chains and antichains in partial orders. In particular, we establish Bollobás-type inequalities for arbitrary Sperner families of intersecting affine subspaces, and special intersecting Sperner families in generalized Boolean algebras.
Towards an Integration of Security and Quality of Service in IP-Based Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Security and quality of service (QoS) are two areas of mobile ad hoc network (MANET) research which have so far been largely carried out separately. Some of the unique characteristics of MANETs make them extremely vulnerable to security attacks, and these attacks have a direct impact on QoS provisioning. We therefore argue that integrating security and QoS may be the most effective way of providing QoS in MANETs which contain malicious nodes, and hypothesize that context-aware adaptive multi-path routing may mitigate the damaging effects of denial of availability (DoA) attacks, thus bettering QoS provisioning. As our first step towards validating this hypothesis, this paper investigates whether a single path should be sought using a reservation-based or a non-reservation-based approach. We compare INSIGNIA, an adaptive, reservation-based approach to QoS in MANETs, with Dynamic Source Routing (DSR), a best-effort MANET routing protocol, using simulation. The performance of these two approaches is evaluated in the presence of a variable number of malicious nodes executing blackhole and grayhole data packet forwarding attacks and a denial of QoS request attack. The simulation results show that INSIGNIA outperforms DSR in terms of packet delivery ratios when the traffic load is at a low-to-medium level and the threat level is at a medium-to-high level, although these delivery ratios are much lower than those achieved in a non-malicious network environment. These findings indicate that under certain conditions, e.g., when the network traffic level is high and the threat level is medium-to-high, INSIGNIA's single-path adaptation mechanism is no longer sufficient, and adaptive multi-path routing may help to better QoS support.
Bendamustine hydrochloride in patients with refractory soft tissue sarcoma

For patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma (STS), no standard treatment is established after previous chemotherapy with anthracyclines and ifosfamide. Bendamustine hydrochloride is a bifunctional alkylating agent that is not cross‐resistant to other DNA‐interacting substances including anthracyclines and oxazaphosphorines. It has shown single‐agent activity in refractory lymphoma, myeloma, and some solid tumors. A phase 2 study was initiated to evaluate the efficacy of bendamustine in previously treated patients.
Survival rates of a lithium disilicate-based core ceramic for three-unit esthetic fixed partial dentures: a 10-year prospective study.

PURPOSE The aim of this prospective study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy and long-term survival rate of three-unit fixed partial dentures (FPDs) made from lithium disilicate-based core ceramic. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-one three-unit FPDs were placed in 19 patients to replace single lost teeth in the esthetic area, following a study protocol that took clinical, esthetic, and radiologic aspects into consideration. Each case was reviewed at 1 week following placement, at 6 months, and then annually for 10 years. Statistical analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis. RESULTS Out of the 19 patients, 14.3% presented reversible postoperative sensitivity. Recession was observed in 24% of dental posts, and 7.1% presented marginal discoloration. Treatment did not increase either Bleeding or Plaque Index scores at prepared teeth; secondary caries did not appear either. The restorations' survival rate at the 10-year follow-up was 71.4%; six FPDs had fractured and one debonded. CONCLUSIONS Fracture failure rate was 28.6% after 10 years; a high percentage corresponded to connector fractures and occurred during the first 5 years. Lithium disilicate glass-ceramic FPDs present a higher risk of fracture than standard therapies (metal-ceramic) or other more recently developed ceramic materials. The prognosis for survival improves for Class I occlusion and nonparafunctional patients.
Evidence for icaADBC-Independent Biofilm Development Mechanism in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clinical Isolates

ABSTRACT Synthesis of a polysaccharide adhesin by icaADBC-encoded enzymes is currently the best-understood mechanism of staphylococcal biofilm development. In four methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates, environmental activation of icaADBC did not always correlate with increased biofilm production. Moreover, glucose-mediated biofilm development in these isolates was icaADBC independent. Apparently, an environmentally regulated, ica-independent mechanism(s) of biofilm development exists in S. aureus clinical isolates.
A Hypercontractive Inequality for Matrix-Valued Functions with Applications to Quantum Computing and LDCs

The Bonami-Beckner hypercontractive inequality is a powerful tool in Fourier analysis of real-valued functions on the Boolean cube. In this paper we present a version of this inequality for matrix-valued functions on the Boolean cube. Its proof is based on a powerful inequality by Ball, Carlen, and Lieb. We also present a number of applications. First, we analyze maps that encode n classical bits into m qubits, in such a way that each set of k bits can be recovered with some probability by an appropriate measurement on the quantum encoding; we show that if m < 0.7 n, then the success probability is exponentially small in k. This result may be viewed as a direct product version of Nayak's quantum random access code bound. It in turn implies strong direct product theorems for the one-way quantum communication complexity of Disjointness and other problems. Second, we prove that error-correcting codes that are locally decodable with 2 queries require length exponential in the length of the encoded string. This gives what is arguably the first "non-quantum" proof of a result originally derived by Kerenidis and de Wolf using quantum information theory.
Scalable State-Machine Replication

State machine replication (SMR) is a well-known technique able to provide fault-tolerance. SMR consists of sequencing client requests and executing them against replicas in the same order, thanks to deterministic execution, every replica will reach the same state after the execution of each request. However, SMR is not scalable since any replica added to the system will execute all requests, and so throughput does not increase with the number of replicas. Scalable SMR (S-SMR) addresses this issue in two ways: (i) by partitioning the application state, while allowing every command to access any combination of partitions, and (ii) by using a caching algorithm to reduce the communication across partitions. We describe Eyrie, a library in Java that implements S-SMR, and Volery, an application that implements Zookeeper's API. We assess the performance of Volery and compare the results against Zookeeper. Our experiments show that Volery scales throughput with the number of partitions.
Religion as a bridge between theory and practice in work on violence against women in Rajasthan

This article shows how a focus on religion can highlight how and why violence is so deeply engrained in the lives of women in Rajasthan whilst also, through insights into ritual, illuminating those moments when women use religion as a source of strength and courage in responding to violence. Interviews with some secular NGOs working to end violence against women in Rajasthan reveal their focus on the negative impact of patriarchal religion in sustaining male dominance, thereby sanctioning the use of violence against women. Ethnographic research looking at women-only ritual spaces reveals how positive religion can be for many women as a social and spiritual space where they work through their problems both internally and with others. A simultaneously positive and negative view of religion could help outsiders understand why violence exists whilst also supporting creative and sensitive activism working with those women most affected.
Mortality in the Medicare Population and Chronic Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution in Urban Centers (2000–2005)

Background Prospective cohort studies constitute the major source of evidence about the mortality effects of chronic exposure to particulate air pollution. Additional studies are needed to provide evidence on the health effects of chronic exposure to particulate matter ≤ 2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) because few studies have been carried out and the cohorts have not been representative. Objectives This study was designed to estimate the relative risk of death associated with long-term exposure to PM2.5 by region and age groups in a U.S. population of elderly, for the period 2000–2005. Methods By linking PM2.5 monitoring data to the Medicare billing claims by ZIP code of residence of the enrollees, we have developed a new retrospective cohort study, the Medicare Cohort Air Pollution Study. The study population comprises 13.2 million participants living in 4,568 ZIP codes having centroids within 6 miles of a PM2.5 monitor. We estimated relative risks adjusted by socioeconomic status and smoking by fitting log-linear regression models. Results In the eastern and central regions, a 10-μg/m3 increase in 6-year average of PM2.5 is associated with 6.8% [95% confidence interval (CI), 4.9–8.7%] and 13.2% (95% CI, 9.5–16.9) increases in mortality, respectively. We found no evidence of an association in the western region or for persons ≥ 85 years of age. Conclusions We established a cohort of Medicare participants for investigating air pollution and mortality on longer-term time frames. Chronic exposure to PM2.5 was associated with mortality in the eastern and central regions, but not in the western United States.