Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
IPHealth: Plataforma inteligente basada en open, linked y big data para la toma de decisiones y aprendizaje en el ámbito de la salud

El proyecto IPHealth tiene como principal objetivo disenar e implementar una plataforma con servicios que permitan un acceso integrado e inteligente a la informacion relacionada para conseguir la extraccion de conocimiento util. Se proponen tres escenarios de uso: (i) la asistencia a los profesionales sanitarios durante el proceso de toma de decisiones en el ambito clinico, (ii) el acceso a informacion relevante sobre su estado de salud a pacientes cronicos y dependientes y (iii) el soporte a la formacion basada en la evidencia de los nuevos estudiantes de medicina. Se propondran tecnicas mas efectivas para diversas tecnicas de PLN y extraccion de informacion de grandes conjuntos de datos tanto provenientes de sensores como utilizando conjuntos de datos y texto de libre acceso. Se disenara una arquitectura y un framework de aplicaciones Web que permita la integracion de procesos y tecnicas de mineria de texto y datos e integracion de informacion de una forma rapida, uniforme y reutilizable (mediante plugins)
Pineal melatonin is a circadian time-giver for leptin rhythm in Syrian hamsters

Nocturnal secretion of melatonin from the pineal gland may affect central and peripheral timing, in addition to its well-known involvement in the control of seasonal physiology. The Syrian hamster is a photoperiodic species, which displays gonadal atrophy and increased adiposity when adapted to short (winter-like) photoperiods. Here we investigated whether pineal melatonin secreted at night can impact daily rhythmicity of metabolic hormones and glucose in that seasonal species. For that purpose, daily variations of plasma leptin, cortisol, insulin and glucose were analyzed in pinealectomized hamsters, as compared to sham-operated controls kept under very long (16 h light/08 h dark) or short photoperiods (08 h light/16 h dark). Daily rhythms of leptin under both long and short photoperiods were blunted by pinealectomy. Furthermore, the phase of cortisol rhythm under a short photoperiod was advanced by 5.6 h after pinealectomy. Neither plasma insulin, nor blood glucose displays robust daily rhythmicity, even in sham-operated hamsters. Pinealectomy, however, totally reversed the decreased levels of insulin under short days and the photoperiodic variations in mean levels of blood glucose (i.e., reduction and increase in long and short days, respectively). Together, these findings in Syrian hamsters show that circulating melatonin at night drives the daily rhythmicity of plasma leptin, participates in the phase control of cortisol rhythm and modulates glucose homeostasis according to photoperiod-dependent metabolic state.
Efficient Eager XPath Filtering over XML Streams

We address the embedding existence problem (often referred to as the ﬁl-tering problem) over streaming XML data for Conjunctive XPath (CXP). Ramanan (2009) considered Downward CXP, a fragment of CXP that involves downward navigational axes only, and presented a streaming algorithm which solves the problem in O ( | P || D | ) time using only O ( | P | height ( D )) bits of space, where | P | and | D | are the sizes of a query P and an XML data D , respectively, and height ( D ) denotes the tree height of D . Unfortunately, the algorithm is lazy in the sense that it does not necessarily report the answer even after enough information has been gathered from the input XML stream. In this paper, we present an eager streaming algorithm that solves the problem with same time and space complexity. We also show the algorithm can be easily extended to Backward CXP a larger fragment of CXP.
A Population Model of Integrative Cardiovascular Physiology

We present a small integrative model of human cardiovascular physiology. The model is population-based; rather than using best fit parameter values, we used a variant of the Metropolis algorithm to produce distributions for the parameters most associated with model sensitivity. The population is built by sampling from these distributions to create the model coefficients. The resulting models were then subjected to a hemorrhage. The population was separated into those that lost less than 15 mmHg arterial pressure (compensators), and those that lost more (decompensators). The populations were parametrically analyzed to determine baseline conditions correlating with compensation and decompensation. Analysis included single variable correlation, graphical time series analysis, and support vector machine (SVM) classification. Most variables were seen to correlate with propensity for circulatory collapse, but not sufficiently to effect reasonable classification by any single variable. Time series analysis indicated a single significant measure, the stressed blood volume, as predicting collapse in situ, but measurement of this quantity is clinically impossible. SVM uncovered a collection of variables and parameters that, when taken together, provided useful rubrics for classification. Due to the probabilistic origins of the method, multiple classifications were attempted, resulting in an average of 3.5 variables necessary to construct classification. The most common variables used were systemic compliance, baseline baroreceptor signal strength and total peripheral resistance, providing predictive ability exceeding 90%. The methods presented are suitable for use in any deterministic mathematical model.
Photoacclimation of Prochlorococcus sp. (Prochlorophyta) Strains Isolated from the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea

Two Atlantic (SARG and NATL1) strains and one Mediterranean (MED) strain of Prochlorococcus sp. , a recently discovered marine, free-living prochlorophyte, were grown over a range of “white” irradiances (lg) and under low blue light to examine their photoacclimation capacity. All three strains contained divinyl (DV) chlorophylls (Chl) a and b, both distinguishable from “normal” Chls by their red-shifted blue absorption maximum, a Chl c-like pigment at low concentration, zeaxanthin, and [alpha]-carotene. The presence of two phaeophytin b peaks in acidified extracts from both Atlantic strains grown at high lg suggests that these strains also had a normal Chl b-like pigment. In these strains, the total Chl b to DV-Chl a molar ratio decreased from about 1 at 7.5 [mu]mol quanta m-2 s-1 to 0.4 to 0.5 at 133 [mu]mol quanta m-2 s-1. In contrast, the MED strain always had a low DV-Chl b to DV-Chl a molar ratio, ranging between 0.13 at low lg and 0.08 at high lg. The discrepancies between the Atlantic and MED strains could result from differences either in the number of light-harvesting complexes (LHC) II per photosystem II or in the Chl b-binding capacity of the apoproteins constituting LHC II. Photosynthesis was saturated at approximately 5 fg C(fg Chl)-1 h-1 or 6 fg C cell-1 h-1, and growth was saturated at approximately 0.45 d-1 for both MED and SARG strains at 18[deg]C, but saturating irradiances differed between strains. Atlantic strains exhibited increased light-saturated rates and quantum yield for carbon fixation under blue light.
The Case for Mindless Economics

Neuroeconomics proposes radical changes in the methods of economics. This essay discusses the proposed changes in methodology, together with the the neuroeconomic critique of standard economics. We do not assess the contributions or promise of neuroeconomic research. Rather, we offer a response to the neuroeconomic critique of standard economics. † This research was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation. We thank Drew Fudenberg and Philipp Sadowski for helpful comments and suggestions.
The Transit Light Curve (TLC) Project. VI. Three Transits of the Exoplanet TrES-2

Of the nearby transiting exoplanets that are amenable to detailed study, TrES-2 is both the most massive and the one with the largest impact parameter. We present z-band photometry of three transits of TrES-2. We improve on the estimates of the planetary, stellar, and orbital parameters, in conjunction with the spectroscopic analysis of the host star by Sozzetti and coworkers. We find the planetary radius to be Rp = 1.222 ± 0.038 RJup and the stellar radius to be R⋆ = 1.003 ± 0.027 R☉. The quoted uncertainties include the systematic error due to the uncertainty in the stellar mass (M⋆ = 0.980 ± 0.062 M☉). The timings of the transits have an accuracy of 25 s and are consistent with a uniform period, thus providing a baseline for future observations with the NASA Kepler satellite, whose field of view will include TrES-2.
Content-Based Collaborative Filtering for News Topic Recommendation

News recommendation has become a big attraction with which major Web search portals retain their users. Two effective approaches are Content-based Filtering and Collaborative Filtering, each serving a specific recommendation scenario. The Content-based Filtering approaches inspect rich contexts of the recommended items, while the Collaborative Filtering approaches predict the interests of long-tail users by collaboratively learning from interests of related users. We have observed empirically that, for the problem of news topic displaying, both the rich context of news topics and the long-tail users exist. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a Content-based Collaborative Filtering approach (CCF) to bring both Content-based Filtering and Collaborative Filtering approaches together. We found that combining the two is not an easy task, but the benefits of CCF are impressive. On one hand, CCF makes recommendations based on the rich contexts of the news. On the other hand, CCF collaboratively analyzes the scarce feedbacks from the long-tail users. We tailored this CCF approach for the news topic displaying on the Bing front page and demonstrated great gains in attracting users. In the experiments and analyses part of this paper, we discuss the performance gains and insights in news topic recommendation in Bing.
Intrasubject between-day variability of PD20 methacholine assessed by the dosimeter inhalation test.

The intrasubject between-day variability of the methacholine inhalation test (MIT) was estimated in a group of 30 patients (15 males, mean age 29 yr), representative of a wide range of degrees of nonspecific bronchial responsiveness (from normal to severely increased). In each patient, an MIT with the dosimeter method was carried out on three separate occasions within one week, keeping as constant as possible both the technical and patient-related factors (FEV1 within +/- 5 percent, no recent airway inflammation) and independently from operator-related factors (three tests, three different operators blinded with regard to previous MIT results). On each occasion, twofold increasing doses of methacholine were given from 6.25 to 3,200 micrograms as cumulative doses, at five-minute intervals by means of a dosimeter Me.far MB3 (nebulization time 0.8 +/- 0.2s, output 5 +/- 0.2 microliters/puff). The FEV1 was measured initially and 1.5 and 3 minutes after each inhalation. The test was continued until either a fall of 20 percent or more in FEV1 was obtained or the last dose was reached. The results were expressed in terms of PD20, ie, the dose of methacholine producing a 20 percent fall in FEV1. Under these carefully controlled conditions, the 95 percent confidence intervals (as based on a single determination) corresponded to +/- 0.22 on a log10 scale or, in a more meaningful way, +/- 1.66 fold-difference in PD20 from one visit to the other.
NEW OBSERVATIONS ON MICROBODIES

The liver of male rats has been studied after CPIB stimulation by using the peroxidase reaction for localizing catalase in hepatic cells. CPIB administration leads to an increase in the number of microbodies, and it is suggested that one mechanism by which microbody proliferation occurs is a process of fragmentation or budding from preexisting microbodies. Reaction product was observed not only within the microbody matrix, but outside the limiting membrane of the microbody and in association with ribosomes of adjacent rough endoplasmic reticulum. This localization of reaction product is interpreted as evidence that catalase after synthesis on rough endoplasmic reticulum may accumulate near microbodies and may be transferred directly into these organelles without traversing the cisternae of the endoplasmic reticulum or Golgi apparatus.
PR3 and Elastase Alter PAR1 Signaling and Trigger vWF Release via a Calcium-Independent Mechanism from Glomerular Endothelial Cells

Neutrophil proteases, proteinase-3 (PR3) and elastase play key roles in glomerular endothelial cell (GEC) injury during glomerulonephritis. Endothelial protease-activated receptors (PARs) are potential serine protease targets in glomerulonephritis. We investigated whether PAR1/2 are required for alterations in GEC phenotype that are mediated by PR3 or elastase during active glomerulonephritis. Endothelial PARs were assessed by flow cytometry. Thrombin, trypsin and agonist peptides for PAR1 and PAR2, TFLLR-NH2 and SLIGKV-NH2, respectively, were used to assess alterations in PAR activation induced by PR3 or elastase. Endothelial von Willebrand Factor (vWF)release and calcium signaling were used as PAR activation markers. Both PR3 and elastase induced endothelial vWF release, with elastase inducing the highest response. PAR1 peptide induced GEC vWF release to the same extent as PR3. However, knockdown of PARs by small interfering RNA showed that neither PAR1 nor PAR2 activation caused PR3 or elastase-mediated vWF release. Both proteases interacted with and disarmed surface GEC PAR1, but there was no detectable interaction with cellular PAR2. Neither protease induced a calcium response in GEC. Therefore, PAR signaling and serine protease-induced alterations in endothelial function modulate glomerular inflammation via parallel but independent pathways.
A cluster of genes controlling three enzymes in histidine biosynthesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

HE difference in the distribution of genes on the chromosomes of eucaryotes Tas compared with the gene distribution in procaryotes is often cited as a major evolutionary divergence. Recent studies on a large number of auxotrophic mutants of Salmonella typhimurium ( DEMEREC 1964) indicate that in this procaryote the majority of gene loci that represent phenotypically related groups are ar-ranged in clusters of two or more on the bacterial chromosome. For example, all ten genes specifying the histidine biosynthetic enzymes are clustered in a small region of the Salmonella chromosome (AMES and HARTMAN 1963). The genes within some of these clusters do not function autonomously; rather, they appear to constitute a polarized unit of integrated expression, an operon (JACOB and MONOD 1961 ) . In the eucaryotes such clustering is generally not observed. By contrast with the close linkage of the histidine genes in Salmonella, the histidine loci of yeast are in general distributed throughout the genome (HAWTHORNE and 1960) as are the histidine loci of Neurospora crassa (WEBER and 1960). However, more detailed investigations in Neurospora (AHMED, and GILES 1964) have revealed that the hist-3 region controls three steps in histidine biosynthesis and appears to be partially analogous to the more extensive histidine operon in Salmonella. These studies structural enzymes, identical Salmonella on different chromosomes. hi-4 functionally diverse: mutants ethyl methanesul-fonate This enzyme catalyzes the reaction, L-histidino1-I- 2 NAD+ -2 NADH -l- H + + L-histidine. The assays were carried out on partially purified extracts as follows: to 0.25 ml of 0.2 M triethanolamine-HC1 buffer, pH 8.5, were added 0.05 ml of the ex- tract, 0.05 ml of 8 mM NAD+, and 0.02 ml of 100 mM ~-histidinol.2 HCl. The blank contained H,O in place of the histidinol. The change in optical density at 340 mp was recorded.
Adaptive caching with heterogeneous devices in mobile peer to peer network

In the (upcoming) 3G age, many applications such as multimedia streaming, file sharing and so on will be widely used in the wireless environments. In such a mobile environment, users may carry heterogeneous mobile devices with different transmission ranges, latency, and even cache sizes. These devices not only can get services from a Mobile Support Station (MSS), but also they can form/generate a mobile peer-to-peer (P2P) network to provide services to each other. For such a mobile P2P network, an effective cache framework that can handle heterogeneous devices is required. In this paper, we propose a flexible cache scheme which is adaptive to the actual device condition and that of its neighbors. Our scheme encourages the "strong" peers to keep hot data and do service, and meanwhile to protect and best utilize the "weak" nodes with their limited cache space. Simulation and mathematic analysis results show the effectiveness of our scheme.
Anions Govern Cell Volume: A Case Study of Relative Astrocytic and Neuronal Swelling in Spreading Depolarization

Cell volume changes are ubiquitous in normal and pathological activity of the brain. Nevertheless, we know little about the dynamics of cell and tissue swelling, and the differential changes in the volumes of neurons and glia during pathological states such as spreading depolarizations (SD) under ischemic and non–ischemic conditions, and epileptic seizures. By combining the Hodgkin–Huxley type spiking dynamics, dynamic ion concentrations, and simultaneous neuronal and astroglial volume changes into a comprehensive model, we elucidate why glial cells swell more than neurons in SD and the special case of anoxic depolarization (AD), and explore the relative contributions of the two cell types to tissue swelling. Our results demonstrate that anion channels, particularly Cl−, are intrinsically connected to cell swelling and blocking these currents prevents changes in cell volume. The model is based on a simple and physiologically realistic description. We introduce model extensions that are either derived purely from first physical principles of electroneutrality, osmosis, and conservation of particles, or by a phenomenological combination of these principles and known physiological facts. This work provides insights into numerous studies related to neuronal and glial volume changes in SD that otherwise seem contradictory, and is broadly applicable to swelling in other cell types and conditions.
REPORT RAPPORT

This is a survey paper on (cid:13)uid queues, with a strong emphasis on recent attempts to represent phenomena like long-range dependence. The central model of the paper is a (cid:13)uid queueing system fed by N independent sources that alternate between silence and activity periods. The distribution of the activity periods of at least one source is assumed to be long-tailed, which may give rise to long-range dependence. We consider the e(cid:11)ect of this tail behaviour on the steady-state distributions of the bu(cid:11)er content at embedded points in time and at arbitrary time, and on the busy period distribution. Both exact results and bounds are discussed.
Mistake Bounds for Binary Matrix Completion

We study the problem of completing a binary matrix in an online learning setting. On each trial we predict a matrix entry and then receive the true entry. We propose a Matrix Exponentiated Gradient algorithm [1] to solve this problem. We provide a mistake bound for the algorithm, which scales with the margin complexity [2, 3] of the underlying matrix. The bound suggests an interpretation where each row of the matrix is a prediction task over a finite set of objects, the columns. Using this we show that the algorithm makes a number of mistakes which is comparable up to a logarithmic factor to the number of mistakes made by the Kernel Perceptron with an optimal kernel in hindsight. We discuss applications of the algorithm to predicting as well as the best biclustering and to the problem of predicting the labeling of a graph without knowing the graph in advance.
BoNT/E prevents seizure-induced activation of caspase 3 in the rat hippocampus

Clinical and experimental studies clearly demonstrate that prolonged seizures and status epilepticus induce neuronal cell death in the brain. Recent evidence suggests that induction of apoptosis contributes greatly to seizure-induced brain damage. We recently demonstrated that intrahippocampal delivery of botulinum neurotoxin E (BoNT/E) in the rat hippocampus is able to prevent neuronal loss, which occurs after kainic-acid-induced seizures. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of BoNT/E-mediated neuroprotection. We found that intrahippocampal administration of BoNT/E prevents the upregulation of apoptotic proteins (phosphorylated c-Jun and cleaved caspase 3), which occurs in hippocampal neurones following kainic acid seizures. These results demonstrate that the neuroprotective action of BoNT/E on seizure-injured hippocampal neurons involves the blockade of well-characterized apoptotic pathways.
Activation of TRPM3 by a potent synthetic ligand reveals a role in peptide release

Significance The cation channel TRPM3 is highly expressed in the sensory system, where it plays a key role in the detection of noxious heat and the development of inflammatory heat hypersensitivity. Our understanding of the physiological role of TRPM3 in the sensory system and other tissues is hampered by the lack of potent pharmacologic tools, however. This study describes CIM0216, a small-molecule TRPM3 agonist. Our results indicate that CIM0216 is much more potent than established TRPM3 agonists, particularly owing to its ability to open two distinct cation-permeable pores in TRPM3. Using CIM0216 as a pharmacologic tool, we reveal that activation of TRPM3 evokes the release of calcitonin gene-related peptide from sensory nerve terminals and of insulin from pancreatic islets. Transient receptor potential (TRP) cation channel subfamily M member 3 (TRPM3), a member of the TRP channel superfamily, was recently identified as a nociceptor channel in the somatosensory system, where it is involved in the detection of noxious heat; however, owing to the lack of potent and selective agonists, little is known about other potential physiological consequences of the opening of TRPM3. Here we identify and characterize a synthetic TRPM3 activator, CIM0216, whose potency and apparent affinity greatly exceeds that of the canonical TRPM3 agonist, pregnenolone sulfate (PS). In particular, a single application of CIM0216 causes opening of both the central calcium-conducting pore and the alternative cation permeation pathway in a membrane-delimited manner. CIM0216 evoked robust calcium influx in TRPM3-expressing somatosensory neurons, and intradermal injection of the compound induced a TRPM3-dependent nocifensive behavior. Moreover, CIM0216 elicited the release of the peptides calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) from sensory nerve terminals and insulin from isolated pancreatic islets in a TRPM3-dependent manner. These experiments identify CIM0216 as a powerful tool for use in investigating the physiological roles of TRPM3, and indicate that TRPM3 activation in sensory nerve endings can contribute to neurogenic inflammation.