Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The STAXI as a measure of inmate anger and a predictor of institutional offending

A sample of 285 federal offenders admitted to a psychiatric hospital in Canada participated in consecutive runs of a six-month intensive anger management program over a 15-year period. The State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory (STAXI) test scores before and after the programs were collected and analysed, together with data on anger-related institutional offending. Statistical analysis revealed a significant decrease in the composite STAXI score and in the trait subscale score. Improvement in STAXI scores was accompanied by a decrease in institutional offending compared to baseline, suggesting that the anger management program had beneficial clinical and correctional results and that the STAXI, when used together with offending data, is a valuable assessment tool.
Association of dual-earner parents' perceptions of time-stress with leisure participation: an analysis of gender and social context

With a population-based sample of dual-earner parents (951 women and 1059 men), we examined the association of paid work hours and perceived time-stress with two forms of leisure participation and the ways gender may shape the social context of that participation. We expected that although work hours and time-stress would be associated with a lower likelihood of leisure participation, the typically gendered nature of childcare would mean women would be unlikely to reduce time spent with children, but men would. The two forms of leisure, watching TV and walking or jogging, were selected based on the nature and frequency of participation in these activities and the opportunity to do so in a variety of social contexts, namely alone, with another adult or with a child present. In bivariate and multivariate analyses, results showed greater paid work hours were associated with a lower likelihood of leisure participation, but the association of time-stress with likelihood of leisure participation was less consistent. Although women had higher levels of perceived time-stress than men and also more instances of reduced leisure participation (e.g., less TV watching than men), time-stress did not reduce likelihood of leisure with children, and there was also no gender difference in this association. The present study highlights the potential of using social context data from national surveys to gain further insight on how perceptions of time-stress relate to leisure.
Learning from Culture: The Importance of the Museums and Galleries Education Program (Phase I) in England

Abstract During 1999–2002, the British government invested £3 million (roughly $5.5 million) in an unprecedented set of initiatives that explored the potential of museums and galleries for educating students in novel and compelling ways. The Museums and Galleries Education Program (Phase 1), or MGEP1, consisted of 65 projects linking schools and museums of all kinds. Projects took many forms and were spread across England, reaching students between the ages of 5 and 16. They also enlisted the talents and energies of creative professionals, such as artists and media producers, and involved parents, community members, and museum workers. This paper describes MGEP1, gives a “before and after” picture of museums and education in England, and assesses the program's impact. Learning outcomes for pupils and teachers are discussed, and the importance for museum education policy and practice is outlined.
Hybridization of Efficient Modeling Techniques for Fast Analysis of Large-Scale Antenna Structures in the Context of the Square Kilometre Array Project

We provide an overview of the modeling techniques that have been combined to solve large-scale antenna problems within the framework of the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) project. These numerically efficient techniques have been integrated into a software tool named CAESAR1, which enables us to solve large antenna problems, both at antenna, and at system level. The latter is essential in determining the receiver sensitivity of the entire instrument, which is the main figure of merit. In the present paper we summarize how the conventional method of moments (MoM) has been enhanced using a hybridization of the characteristic basis function method (CBFM) in conjunction with a number of acceleration techniques so as to greatly reduce the overall execution time without compromising the accuracy. Representative examples are shown of realistically large and complex antenna systems that have been examined only recently.
The transmission of parenting behaviour within the family : an empirical study across three generations

"Why do parents parent the way they do? " is a very important question. The aim of the current research is to study whether and to what extent the way parents have been parented influences the way they parent. Original data were collected from 48 families across three generations. Grandparents, parents and young adults were asked to report on how they had been parented, how they themselves had parented in the case of the grandparents' and parents' generations, or how they were planning to parent in the case of young adults without children. We tested the hypothesis of a "childrearing tradition" across three generations of respondents in a cross-sectional study with a non-clinical sample. Some arguments in favour of continuities have been found, in particular for supportive rather than for controlling parenting. The results hence suggest that reports on parenting behaviour correlate from one generation to the next and even across two non-consecutive generations. The similarities that have been displayed result from the influence of the parenting individuals have received on the way they themselves parent. Our results also suggest that such an influence may be higher for childrearing attitudes such as warmth that have consistently been regarded as desirable, than for those that have been regarded as more controversial in society, such as harsh discipline.
Chasing Clarity: Rumination as a Strategy for Making Sense of Emotions

Research is needed on the affective mechanisms that motivate people to ruminate. One possibility is that some people might ruminate in response to deficits in emotional clarity because not knowing how they feel might be intolerable to them. We tested the hypothesis that the relationship between low emotional clarity and rumination would be moderated by intolerance of ambiguity. Participants in a longitudinal online study (N = 195) provided self-reports of intolerance of ambiguity and rumination and reported state emotional clarity following an idiographic mood induction; three weeks later they reported on rumination again. As predicted, participants with low emotional clarity at Time 1 ruminated more three weeks later, but only if they were intolerant of ambiguity. Findings support the notion that rumination sometimes functions as a search for answers about emotions. We discuss implications for understanding the affective disturbances perpetuating vicious cycles of rumination and for rumination-focused clinical interventions.
Between the ‘Local’ and the ‘Global’: South African Geography after Apartheid

South Africa's higher education system has undergone significant change since the end of apartheid. A central theme in the debates on higher education transformation has been the tension between the global imperatives of development and the need for universities to respond to the legacy of apartheid. This paper explores this tension by considering recent changes in geographical teaching and research. The paper argues that many of the tensions evident in higher education between the global and the local, which are as yet unresolved, find expression within South African geographical scholarship.
A Belief-Based Theory of Homophily

We introduce a model of homophily that does not rely on the assumption of homophilous preferences. Rather, it builds on the dual process account of Theory of Mind in psychology which focuses on the role of introspection in decision making. Homophily emerges because players find it easier to put themselves into the shoes of a member of their own group. Endogenizing the drivers of homophily permits us to derive novel comparative statics results and to explain commonly observed features of social and economic networks.
Single source photoplethysmograph transducer for local pulse wave velocity measurement

Cuffless evaluation of arterial blood pressure (BP) using pulse wave velocity (PWV) has received attraction over the years. Local PWV based techniques for cuffless BP measurement has more potential in accurate estimation of BP parameters. In this work, we present the design and experimental validation of a novel single-source Photoplethysmograph (PPG) transducer for arterial blood pulse detection and cycle-to-cycle local PWV measurement. The ability of the transducer to continuously measure local PWV was verified using arterial flow phantom as well as by conducting an in-vivo study on 17 volunteers. The single-source PPG transducer could reliably acquire dual blood pulse waveforms, along small artery sections of length less than 28 mm. The transducer was able to perform repeatable measurements of carotid local PWV on multiple subjects with maximum beat-to-beat variation less than 12%. The correlation between measured carotid local PWV and brachial BP parameters were also investigated during the in-vivo study. Study results prove the potential use of newly proposed single-source PPG transducers in continuous cuffless BP measurement systems.
Analysis of biosurfactants from industrially viable Pseudomonas strain isolated from crude oil suggests how rhamnolipids congeners affect emulsification property and antimicrobial activity

Rhamnolipid biosurfactants produced mainly by Pseudomonas sp. had been reported to possess a wide range of potential industrial application. These biosurfactants are produced as monorhamnolipid (MRL) and di-rhamnolipid (DRL) congeners. The present study deals with rhamnolipid biosurfactants produced by three bacterial isolates from crude oil. Biosurfactants produced by one of the strains (named as IMP67) was found to be very efficacious based on its critical micelle concentration value and hydrocarbon emulsification property. Strikingly, antimicrobial, and anti-biofilm potential of this biosurfactant were higher than biosurfactants produced by other two strains. Thin layer chromatography analysis and rhamnose quantification showed that the rhamnolipids of IMP67 had more MRL congeners than biosurfactants of the other two strains. Emulsification and antimicrobial actions were affected by manual change of MRL and DRL congener proportions. Increase of MRL proportion enhanced emulsification index and antimicrobial property to Gram negative bacteria. This result indicated that the ratio of MRL and DRL affected the emulsification potentials of rhamnolipids, and suggested that high emulsification potentials might enhance rhamnolipids to penetrate the cell wall of Gram negative bacteria. In line with this finding, rhamnolipids of IMP67 also reduced the MIC of some antibiotics against bacteria, suggesting their synergistic role with the antibiotics.
Many roads lead to Rome: Mapping users’ problem-solving strategies

There is more than one path to a solution, especially when it comes to ill-defined problems like complex, real-world tasks. Until now, the evaluation of information visualizations has often been restricted simply to a measuring of outcomes (time and error) or insights into the data set. A more detailed look into the processes that facilitate or hinder task completion is provided by analysing user problem-solving strategies. The study presented in this paper illustrates how such processes can be assessed and how the resulting knowledge can be used in participatory design to improve a visual analytics tool. For users to be equipped with a problem-solving scaffold, the tools used should allow them to choose their own path to the solution – their own route to Rome. We also discuss how the evaluation of problem-solving strategies can shed more light on the ‘exploratory minds’ of users.
Oncoplastic Breast Surgery

Centrally located tumours have long been considered to be more serious, multifocal and more likely to recur. In fact, this is not the case; the only real problem is ensuring that the breast is preserved with a “normal” form following breast-conserving surgery and adjuvant radiotherapy. As with more peripheral tumours, central tumours may also benefi t from breast-conserving surgery. Several techniques have been used depending on the tumour and the size and form of the breast.
Kinetic Evidence for Near Irreversible Nonionic Micellar Entrapment of N-(2′-Methoxyphenyl)phthalimide (1) under the Typical Alkaline Reaction Conditions

The values of pseudo-first-order rate constants (k obs) for alkaline hydrolysis of 1, obtained at 1.0 mM NaOH and within [ CmEnT] (total concentration of CmEn) range of 3.0–5.0 mM for C12E23 and 10–20 mM for C18E20, fail to obey pseudophase micellar (PM) model. The values of the fraction of near irreversible CmEn micellar trapped 1 molecules (F IT1) vary in the range ~0–0.75 for C12E23 and ~0–0.83 for C18E20 under such conditions. The values of F IT1 become 1.0 at ≥10 mM C12E23 and 50 mM C18E20. Kinetic analysis of the observed data at ≥10 mM C12E23 shows near irreversible micellar entrapment of 1 molecules under such conditions.
Longitudinal analysis of cytokines and chemokines in the cerebrospinal fluid of a patient with Neuro-Sweet disease presenting with recurrent encephalomeningitis.

BACKGROUND Neuro-Sweet disease (NSD) has recently been identified as Sweet disease with central nervous system (CNS) involvement characterized by multisystem neutrophilic infiltration. However, the pathogenesis of this disease remains unknown. Neutrophil and other inflammatory cell activities are influenced by many cytokines and chemokines, but to date, no studies have examined the levels of these factors in patients with NSD. PATIENT AND METHODS The patient presented with encephalomeningitis twice in one year and was diagnosed with NSD. We measured the levels of cytokines (i.e., IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IFN-gamma, and TNF-alpha) and chemokines (i.e., CCL2, CCL3, CCL5, CXCL8, CXCL10 and GM-CSF) in 10 CSF samples from the patient longitudinally for one year including those during two episodes of encephalomeningitis. RESULTS The elevations of IL-6, IFN-gamma, CXCL8 (IL8) and CXCL10 (IP10) were markedly higher than the levels in uninfected control subjects with neurological disorders. The levels of these cytokines and chemokines were statistically correlated with total CSF cell counts (p <0.01). CONCLUSION CD4+ helper T (Th) cells can be divided into the Th1 and Th2 subtypes according to their cytokine secretion patterns, and IFN-gamma and IP10 are the Th1-type cytokine and chemokine indicating the involvement of Th1 cells in NSD. In addition, the level of IL8, a specific neutrophil chemoattractant, correlated well with the neutrophil cell counts in CSF. Our data suggest the important roles of Th1 cells and IL8 in the pathogenesis of NSD.
MR imaging of tuberculous arthritis: Clinical and experimental studies

Signal‐intensity characteristics of magnetic resonance (MR) images were assessed in five patients and in 10 rabbits with tuberculous arthritis. MR imaging findings were compared with histologic findings in the animal study. In both of clinical and experimental cases, tuberculous lesions showed both intermediate and high signal intensity on T2‐weighted images, while they showed heterogeneously intermediate signal intensity on T1‐weighted images. As T2‐weighted images were compared with pathologic specimens, intermediate signal intensity corresponded to caseous necrosis, whereas high signal intensity related to granulomas or effusion. Postcontrast T1‐weighted images showed enhancement at the peripheries rather than the centers of tuberculous lesions. These results indicate that tuberculous arthritis should be included in the differential diagnosis when intra‐articular lesions with low or intermediate signal intensity are found on T2‐weighted images.
Using portfolios to stimulate critical thinking in social work education

Each generation of social work educators has grappled with the best way to teach students to become competent social workers. Critical thinking has become one goal in social work education. This paper is premised on the assumption that social work students can develop critical thinking abilities through portfolios. The theory behind the use of portfolios in social work education is a 'hand-in-glove fit' with critical thinking. In addition, portfolios are consonant with social work values of self-determination and individualisation. Portfolios are compendiums of purposefully selected student work to show that the objectives of a programme have been met. They are also useful as an alternative method of student evaluation. Portfolios and critical thinking are partners in educating students to become competent social workers.
Isolated Diastolic Hypertension among Adults in Saudi Arabia: Prevalence, Risk Factors, Predictors and Treatment. Results of a National Survey.

BACKGROUND In the past, diastolic hypertension was the main criterion for treatment, but currently, systolic pressure is the main criterion because it was thought that Isolated Diastolic Hypertension (IDH) is not associated with complications. Studies later revealed that IDH carries significant risks. Quantifying the magnitude and risk factors of IDH in the community is essential for all intervention strategies. AIMS This study aims to determine the prevalence, risk factors, predictors, treatment modalities and lifestyle practices of IDH adult patients in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. METHODS A community-based cross-sectional study using STEPwise approach among adults using a multistage, stratified, cluster random sample was carried out. Data were collected using questionnaires which included socio-demographics, blood pressure, biochemical, anthropometric measurements and lifestyle practices. Statistical analysis included calculating means and standard deviations, proportions, univariate and multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Of a total 4562 subjects, 180 (3.95%) suffered from IDH, which was significantly related to age, gender, employment, smoking, diabetes mellitus, obesity and hypercholesterolemia. More than 93% were using some form of treatment, with 77.2% on prescribed drugs, 63% using diet, and 23% using exercise. Significant predictors of IDH were retirement and hypercholesterolemia. CONCLUSION IDH is associated with some sociodemographic characteristics and co-morbidity. Given the risk of cardiovascular disease associated with IDH, the findings of this study emphasize the need for diagnosing the disease in middle-aged persons focusing on the modifiable risk factors of IDH.
Use and interpretation of ambulatory blood pressure monitoring: recommendations of the British Hypertension Society

Over the past 20 years or so, the accuracy of using the conventional Riva-Rocci sphygmomanometer and Korotkoff's sounds to measure blood pressure has been questioned, and efforts have been made to improve measurements with automated devices.1 2 In the same period, the phenomenon of white coat hypertension has been recognised—whereby some patients who apparently have raised blood pressure actually have normal blood pressure when the measurement is repeated away from the medical environment; this has focused attention on methods of measurement that provide profiles of blood pressure rather than rely on isolated measurements made under circumstances that may influence blood pressure.3 These methods have included repeated measurements of blood pressure using the traditional technique, self measurement of blood pressure in the home or workplace, and ambulatory blood pressure measurement using automated devices.2 Ambulatory monitoring is advantageous because it gives multiple measurements throughout the day and night This paper considers only the ambulatory measurement of blood pressure in adults. Its purpose is not to make a case for or against ambulatory measurement; others have already done so.4 5 Although the results of a number of ongoing, longitudinal studies are forthcoming, there is now firm evidence that ambulatory blood pressure measurement is a more sensitive predictor of cardiovascular outcome than conventional measurement.6 We have not considered the complex issues of health economics that the increasing use of ambulatory measurement raises.7 We realise that this technique is being used more often and that doctors who find ambulatory measurement useful in the day to day management of patients with high blood pressure need recommendations from those who have experience. However, regardless of the technique used to diagnose hypertension it is only one factor in determining a patient's risk profile and must be assessed in relation to concomitant disease, …
Crystal Multiplication without Nucleation

Disk-shaped ice crystals grow out from the surface of polycrystalline ice in undercooled water. The rupture of the neck of the attached disk is a means of multiplying the number of viable crystals in the surrounding undercooled water. This is a source of frazil ice in streams and a source of new crystals in metal castings which are grain-refined by stirring.
Molecular Assays for Detection of Human Metapneumovirus

ABSTRACT The recent description of the respiratory pathogen human metapneumovirus (hMPV) has highlighted a deficiency in current diagnostic techniques for viral agents associated with acute lower respiratory tract infections. We describe two novel approaches to the detection of viral RNA by use of reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR). The PCR products were identified after capture onto a solid-phase medium by hybridization with a sequence-specific, biotinylated oligonucleotide probe. The assay was applied to the screening of 329 nasopharyngeal aspirates sampled from patients suffering from respiratory tract disease. These samples were negative for other common microbial causes of respiratory tract disease. We were able to detect hMPV sequences in 32 (9.7%) samples collected from Australian patients during 2001. To further reduce result turnaround times we designed a fluorogenic TaqMan oligoprobe and combined it with the existing primers for use on the LightCycler platform. The real-time RT-PCR proved to be highly reproducible and detected hMPV in an additional 6 out of 62 samples (9.6%) tested during the comparison of the two diagnostic approaches. We found the real-time RT-PCR to be the test of choice for future investigation of samples for hMPV due to its speed, reproducibility, specificity, and sensitivity.