Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Role of Arousal and “Gating” Systems in the Neurology of Impaired Consciousness

Summary A brief taxonomy of neurologic disorders resulting in global impairments of consciousness is presented. Particular emphasis is placed on focal injuries of subcortical structures that may produce disorders that are otherwise associated to large bilateral cortical injuries. A distinction between subcortical arousal and “gating” systems is developed. Both clinical and experimental studies are reviewed in the context of these disorders and their possible underlying mechanisms.
Optimal Shape Design of Steadily Loaded Journal Bearings using Genetic Algorithms

This puller describes an implementation of a genetic algorithm scheme suitable to the optimal shape design of finite-width, iso-viscous, fluid film journal bearings under steady load and steady journal rotation. Assuming perfect journal cylindricity, the optimization objective is to determine the circumferential variation of sleeve geometry that maximizes bearing load capacity, subject to specified minimum film thickness. Particular emphasis is placed on the selection of the number of design variables, chromosomes per generation, crossover and mutation probabilities, and the number of generations that promote convergence to one or more optimal designs. Optimal film thickness specifications obtained using this genetic algorithm are found to be generally superior to random search methods and comparable with previously published results based on traditional optimization strategies. For finite-width bearings, optimal bearing geometry is found to offer a small improvement in load capacity and a substantial improvement in oil flow over purely cylindrical designs. Presented as a Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Paper at the ASME/STLE Tribology Conference in Cancun, Mexico October 27–30, 2002
A comparison of two aerobic training methods (running vs rope jumping) on health-related physical fitness in 10 to 12 years old boys

The purpose of this study was to compare of two aerobic training methods on health-related physical fitness in 10 to 12 years old boys. Thirty-three male students (age 11.27±0.64 year, weight 40.58±9.03 kg, height 151.45±6.34 cm) were recruited from preliminary school and randomly were assigned into rope-jump training (n=12), running training (n=11) and control (n=10) groups. Due to the grouping, each for 8 weeks did the rope jumping or running. Before and after the 8-week training period, factors of health-related fitness, including flexibility, muscular endurance, aerobic power and fat Percentage of the subjects were measured. The results indicated a significant positive effect of rope-jumping training on aerobic power, muscular endurance and body composition and meaningful improvement of aerobic power and body composition by running training (P≤0.05). Due to increasing urbanization and lack of space in homes and schools, rope-jump training can be a good alternative rather than running for physical fitness promotion.
A restatement of recent advances in the natural science evidence base concerning neonicotinoid insecticides and insect pollinators

A summary is provided of recent advances in the natural science evidence base concerning the effects of neonicotinoid insecticides on insect pollinators in a format (a ‘restatement') intended to be accessible to informed but not expert policymakers and stakeholders. Important new studies have been published since our recent review of this field (Godfray et al. 2014 Proc. R. Soc. B 281, 20140558. (doi:10.1098/rspb.2014.0558)) and the subject continues to be an area of very active research and high policy relevance.
When Fair Is Not Equal

Growing evidence has highlighted the importance of social norms in promoting prosocial behaviors in economic games. Specifically, individual differences in norm adherence—captured by the politeness aspect of Big Five agreeableness—have been found to predict fair allocations of wealth to one’s partner in the dictator game. Yet, most studies have used neutrally framed paradigms, where players may default to norms of equality in the absence of contextual cues. In this study (N = 707), we examined prosocial personality traits and dictator allocations under salient real-world norms of equity and need. Extending on the previous research, we found that—in addition to politeness—the compassion aspect of agreeableness predicted greater allocations of wealth when they were embedded in real-world norms. These results represent an important step in understanding the real-world implications of laboratory-based research, demonstrating the importance of both normative context and prosocial traits.
A novel soft set theoretic prisoners' dilemma game model

A game is a mechanism to deal with decision making situation involving multiple players. Each of the individual players has his/her objectives that may conflict with each other. The set of players indulge in the game; generally make their decision uundernder condition of uncertainty. Sometimes, this uncertainty in conditions may bear vagueness in information processing. In this paper, a soft set theoretic approach is proposed to resolve the strategic game problem in which pure strategy set for each player is defined. A soft set theoretic game has been constructed and contemporary version classical pure strategic Prisoners' Dilemma game model is introduced. Finally, Soft Nash Equilibrium has been defined and derived.
The Dusty Starburst Nucleus of M33

We have thoroughly characterized the ultraviolet to near-infrared (0.15-2.2 μm) spectral energy distribution (SED) of the central parsec of the M33 nucleus through new infrared photometry and optical/near-infrared spectroscopy, combined with ultraviolet/optical observations from the literature and the Hubble Space Telescope archive. The SED shows evidence for a significant level of attenuation, which we model through a Monte Carlo radiative transfer code as a shell of clumpy Milky Way-type dust (τV ~ 2 ± 1). The discovery of Milky Way-type dust (with a strong 2175 Å bump) internal to the M33 nucleus is different from previous work, which has found SMC-like dust (no bump) near starburst regions. The amount by which dust can be processed may be related to the mass and age of the starburst as well as the extent to which the dust can shield itself. Our starburst models include the effects of this dust and can fit the SED if the nucleus was the site of a moderate (~108 L☉ at 10 Myr) episode of coeval star formation about 70 Myr ago. This result is quite different from previous studies, which resorted to multiple stellar populations (between two and seven) attenuated by either no or very little internal dust. The M33 nuclear starburst is remarkably similar to an older version (70 versus 10 Myr) of the ultracompact starburst in the center of the Milky Way.
Prediction of hypertension by different anthropometric indices in adults: the change in estimate approach

Abstract Objective To examine the relative contribution for the prediction of hypertension by waist circumference (WC), waist:stature ratio (WSR) or waist:hip ratio (WHR) with that by BMI, to ascertain if WC, WSR or WHR enhances the prediction of hypertension by BMI. Design Population-based, cross-sectional study. A change of ≥10 % in the prevalence ratio of BMI (PR) or the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (AUC) when WC, WSR or WHR was added to a model with BMI was used as the criterion for significant contribution to the prediction of hypertension by BMI. For greater contributions (≥10 %) these waist measures were considered as better predictors. Setting Nine provinces in China. Subjects Chinese adults aged 18 to 65 years (n 7336) who participated in the 2004 China Health and Nutrition Survey. Results The prevalence of hypertension (17 % and 23 % for women and men, respectively) was significantly related to increased BMI, WC, WSR and WHR (P for trend <0·001). Although there was a better model fit when WC, WSR or WHR was added to a model with BMI (P < 0·05; likelihood ratio test), the changes in PR and AUC were <10 % and <5 %, respectively. The sex-specific AUC for the prediction of hypertension by BMI (of 0·7–0·8) was similar to that by WC, WSR or WHR. Conclusions The waist indices do not perform better than BMI or markedly enhance the prediction of increased hypertension risk by BMI in Chinese adults.
Urbanization, Counterurbanization, and Rural–Urban Communities Facing Growing Horizontal Mobility

This article examines contemporary forms of urbanization, suburbanization, and counterurbanization, exploring their many facets as the physical movement of populations and changes in lifestyle and values orientation, including the phenomenon of “downshifting. ” Incomplete urbanization and the polarization of the socioeconomic space have given rise to two powerful opposite outpourings: the centrifugal seasonal flow from cities to dachas and the centripetal labor migration of Russian citizens from rural areas and small towns to major urban centers.
The naming profile in Alzheimer patients parallels that of elderly controls

Controversy exists as to whether semantic disruption in Alzheimer's disease (AD) systematically impairs the naming of living things. Moreover, little is known about performance across more specific subcategories. We investigated picture naming in 28 AD patients and 24 controls. To deal with nonnormal distributions, we created 1,000 bootstrap hierarchical regressions and determined which variables (the “nuisance” variables familiarity, word frequency, age of acquisition and visual complexity; category; and control naming) best predicted AD patient naming. Nuisance variables combined, control naming, and category uniquely accounted for 39%, 36%, and 3% of patient naming variance, respectively. Finally, analysis of the AD naming profile across the 10 subcategories mirrored that of controls. Taken together, these findings indicate that while AD naming is, of course, quantitatively worse than that of controls, it does not qualitatively differ—that is, it is an exaggerated normal profile.
The Euro Area Bank Lending Survey Matters: Empirical Evidence for Credit and Output Growth

This study examines empirically the information content of the euro area Bank Lending Survey for aggregate credit and output growth. The responses of the lending survey, especially those related to loans to enterprises, are a significant leading indicator for euro area bank credit and real GDP growth. Notwithstanding the short history of the survey, the findings are robust across various specifications, including “horse races” with other well-known leading financial indicators. Our results are supportive of the existence of a bank lending, balance sheet, and risk-taking channel of monetary policy. They also suggest that price as well as non-price conditions and terms of credit standards do matter for credit and business cycles. Finally, we discuss the implications for the 2007/2009 financial and economic crisis. JEL Classification: C23, E32, E51, E52, G21, G28
PENGARUH PENERAPAN LKPD BERBASIS INKUIRI TERBIMBING DI MAN 1 KOTA BIMA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) Perbedaan hasil belajar pengetahuan antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. (2) Perbedaan sikap ilmiah antara kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol. (3) Tingkat keterlaksanaan sintaks inkuiri terbimbing kelas eksperimen. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu eksperimen semu atau quasi experimental design. Sampel pada penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas XI IPA 1 sebagai kelas kontrol dan peserta didik kelas XI IPA 2 MAN 1 Kota Bima sebagai kelas eksperimen. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini terdiri dari: pedoman wawancara, lembar validasi, angket, tes, dan lembar observasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Hasil belajar pengetahuan peserta didik diukur menggunakan normalized gain (N-Gain). Nilai Gain Score ternormalisasi tersebut kemudian dianalisis menggunakan SPSS 18. Penilaian sikap ilmiah peserta didik dianalisis menggunakan penilaian Permendikbud No.81A Tahun 2013. Sedangkan penilaian keterlaksanaan sintaks dianalisis menggunakan analisis secara deskriptif kualitatif dengan menentukan persentase sub variabel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulakan: (1) Rata-rata perolehan N-Gain hasil belajar pengetahuan peserta didik kelas eksperimen lebih tinggi dibanding kelas kontrol. (2) Penilaian sikap ilmiah peserta didik kelas eksperimen menunjukkan kategori “SANGAT BAIK”, sedangkan kelas kontrol menunjukkan kategori “BAIK”. Dan (3) Keterlaksanaan sintaks inkuiri terbimbing pada kelas eksperimen menunjukkan kategori “SANGAT BAIK”.
A preliminary synopsis on amber scorpions with special reference to Burmite species: an extraordinary development of our knowledge in only 20 years

Abstract A preliminary study on fossil scorpions found in amber, from the Lower Cretaceous through the Palaeocene and up to the Miocene is proposed. Scorpions remain rare among the arthropods found trapped in amber. Only 24 specimens are known from Cretaceous amber, representing eight families and subfamilies, ten genera and 21 species; in parallel, 10 specimens have been recorded from Baltic amber representing seven genera and ten species. A few more recent fossils from Dominican and Mexican amber have also been described. The present study of a new scorpion specimen from the Cretaceous amber of Myanmar (Burmite) resulted in the description of one new species, Betaburmesebuthus bellus sp. n. – belonging to the subfamily Palaeoburmesebuthinae Lourenço, 2015. The new description brings further elements to the clarification of the status of this subfamily, which is now raised to family level. Once again, this new Burmite element attests to the considerable degree of diversity in the Burmese amber-producing forests.
Cree following optic neuritis vascular changes in neuromyelitis optica Distinctive retinal nerve fibre layer and

http://jnnp.bmj. com/content/80/9/1002.full. html Updated information and services can be found at: These include: References http://jnnp.bmj. com/content/80/9/1002.full. html#related-urls Article cited in: http://jnnp.bmj. com/content/80/9/1002.full. html#ref-list-1 This article cites 23 articles, 9 of which can be accessed free at: service Email alerting the box at the top right corner of the online article. Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up in Collections Topic
Florida’s task force approach to combat human trafficking: an analysis of county-level data

Abstract Since emerging in the USA during the 1990s, the multi-agency task force has become the preferred organizational structure for enforcing human trafficking laws and providing assistance to victims. These task forces often work across county lines and typically include law enforcement agencies, as well as social service and non-governmental organizations. The effect of collaborations with other types of agencies on law enforcement’s human trafficking arrests is unknown. County-level arrest data for human trafficking first became available through the Federal Bureau of Investigation in 2014. In this paper, we present findings from county-level analyses with human trafficking arrests in the State of Florida as the dependent variable. Independent variables include the presence of a task force, sociodemographic characteristics, tourism measures, and police officers per capita. The strongest predictor of human trafficking arrests is the presence of a task force.
General Design of n-Way Multi-Frequency Unequal Split Wilkinson Power Divider Using Transmission Line Transformers

In this paper, a new N-way multi-frequency unequal split Wilkinson power divider (WPD) is proposed. The dividers are composed of multi-section transmission line transformers (TLT) and isolation resistors, which provide high isolation and very good input/output ports matching simultaneously at arbitrary design frequencies. To verify the validity of the design, several multi-frequency power dividers are designed and simulated. Speciflcally, a 3-way unequal split dual-frequency WPD operating at 900 and 1800MHz, a 3-way unequal split triple-frequency WPD operating at 1, 2, 3GHz, and a 4-way equal split quad-frequency WPD operating at 1, 2, 3, 4GHz, are designed.
Modeling The Dividend-Price Ratio: The Role Of Fundamentals Using A Regime-Switching Approach

Using annual data over the post-World War I-period, we estimate a fundamentals-based empirical model for the dividend-price ratio of Danish stocks. The key fundamentals-variable is a time-varying discount rate, decomposed into time-varying measures for the growth-adjusted real interest rate and the risk premium on stocks. In addition, the model includes real dividends and the lagged dividend-price ratio as explanatory variables. Results show that the model suffers from structural breaks over the sample. Using a two-state regime-switching approach to capture non-modeled shifts in the economic environment, we find that all fundamentals are highly significant in at least one regime and, moreover, obtain a good fit. The model identifies two very persistent regimes characterized by a ‘low’, respectively, ‘high’ dividend-price ratio.
Levels and patterns of genetic diversity differ between two closely related endemic Arabidopsis species

Theory predicts that a small effective population size leads to slower accumulation of mutations, increased levels of genetic drift and reduction in the efficiency of natural selection. Therefore endemic species should harbor low levels of genetic diversity and exhibit a reduced ability of adaptation to environmental changes. Arabidopsis pedemontana and Arabidopsis cebennensis, two endemic species from Italy and France respectively, provide an excellent model to study the adaptive potential of species with small distribution ranges. To evaluate the genome-wide levels and patterns of genetic variation, effective population size and demographic history of both species, we genotyped 53 A. pedemontana and 28 A. cebennensis individuals across the entire species ranges with Genotyping-by-Sequencing. SNPs data confirmed a low genetic diversity for A. pedemontana although its effective population size is relatively high. Only a weak population structure was observed over the small distribution range of A. pedemontana, resulting from an isolation-by-distance pattern of gene flow. In contrary, A. cebennensis individuals clustered in three populations according to their geographic distribution. Despite this and a larger distribution, the overall genetic diversity was even lower for A. cebennensis than for A. pedemontana. A demographic analysis demonstrated that both endemics have undergone a strong population size decline in the past, without recovery. The more drastic decline observed in A. cebennensis partially explains the very small effective population size observed in the present population. In light of these results, we discuss the adaptive potential of these endemic species in the context of rapid climate change.
The Hartree equation for infinitely many particles, II: Dispersion and scattering in 2D

We consider the nonlinear Hartree equation for an interacting gas containing infinitely many particles and we investigate the large-time stability of the stationary states of the form $f(-\Delta)$, describing an homogeneous Fermi gas. Under suitable assumptions on the interaction potential and on the momentum distribution $f$, we prove that the stationary state is asymptotically stable in dimension 2. More precisely, for any initial datum which is a small perturbation of $f(-\Delta)$ in a Schatten space, the system weakly converges to the stationary state for large times.
The effects of mood and perceived cost on self-disclosure of deviant sexual fantasies and behavior

THE EFFECTS OF MOOD AND PERCEIVED COST ON SELF-DISCLOSURE OF DEVIANT SEXUAL FANTASY AND BEHAVIOUR by JORDAN STUART MAILE Advisor: Professor Maureen Allwood The present study examined the effects of mood state (happy vs. neutral vs. sad) and perceptions of cost (anonymous vs. “non-anonymous”) on self-disclosure of deviant sexual fantasies and behavior (e.g. pedophilic, coercive). Research suggests that mood may affect decision making in “risky” situations, such that a positive mood state may increase risky decision making. It could be argued that disclosure of deviant sexual fantasies and behavior can be conceptualized as a “risky” situation; therefore, it is hypothesized that a positive mood state would increase disclosure of deviant sexual fantasies and behavior, but only when doing so is perceived to be “low” in cost (i.e., anonymous). Online survey data was collected from 331 adult male and female community members recruited through an online posting service, and online and print advertisements in a weekly commuter publication. Participants provided demographic information; had their cost perception related to disclosing manipulated via different assurances of anonymity (i.e., anonymous vs. “non-anonymous”); and were induced into a happy, sad, or neutral mood state via an emotionally valenced autobiographical memory recall task. Participants then answered questions about deviant sexual fantasies, masturbatory fantasies, and behaviours; and attitudes toward sexual material; social desirability; trait happiness; and trait sadness. Results found that high cost perception (i.e., “non-anonymous”), compared to low cost perception (i.e., anonymous), depressed the number and frequency of deviant sexual fantasies and masturbatory fantasies, but not behaviours, reported by participants. Mood did not significantly affect sexual
MicroRNAs Are Intensively Regulated during Induction of Somatic Embryogenesis in Arabidopsis

Several genes encoding transcription factors (TFs) were indicated to have a key role in the induction of somatic embryogenesis (SE), which is triggered in the somatic cells of plants. In order to further explore the genetic regulatory network that is involved in the embryogenic transition induced in plant somatic cells, micro-RNA (miRNAs) molecules, the products of MIRNA (MIR) genes and the common regulators of TF transcripts, were analyzed in an embryogenic culture of Arabidopsis thaliana. In total, the expression of 190 genes of the 114 MIRNA families was monitored during SE induction and the levels of the primary (pri-miRNAs) transcripts vs. the mature miRNAs were investigated. The results revealed that the majority (98%) of the MIR genes were active and that most of them (64%) were differentially expressed during SE. A distinct attribute of the MIR expression in SE was the strong repression of MIR transcripts at the early stage of SE followed by their significant up-regulation in the advanced stage of SE. Comparison of the mature miRNAs vs. pri-miRNAs suggested that the extensive post-transcriptional regulation of miRNA is associated with SE induction. Candidate miRNA molecules of the assumed function in the embryogenic response were identified among the mature miRNAs that had a differential expression in SE, including miR156, miR157, miR159, miR160, miR164, miR166, miR169, miR319, miR390, miR393, miR396, and miR398. Consistent with the central role of phytohormones and stress factors in SE induction, the functions of the candidate miRNAs were annotated to phytohormone and stress responses. To confirm the functions of the candidate miRNAs in SE, the expression patterns of the mature miRNAs and their presumed targets were compared and regulatory relation during SE was indicated for most of the analyzed miRNA-target pairs. The results of the study contribute to the refinement of the miRNA-controlled regulatory pathways that operate during embryogenic induction in plants and provide a valuable platform for the identification of the genes that are targeted by the candidate miRNAs in SE induction.