Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“Quiet Ego” Functioning: The Complementary Roles of Mindfulness, Authenticity, and Secure High Self-Esteem

disorders: A functional dimensional approach to diagnosis and treatment. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 64, 1152-1168. Healy, O. , Barnes, D. , & Smeets, P.M. (1998). Derived relational responding as an op? rant: The effects of between-session feed back. Psychological Record, 48, 511-536. Kuhl, J., & Kazen, M. (1994). Self-discrimination and memory: State orientation and false self-ascription of assigned activi ties. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 66, 1103 1115. Longmore, R. J., & Worrell, M. (2007). Do we need to challenge thoughts in cognitive behavior therapy? Clinical Psychology Review, 27, 173-187. Lundgren, T. , & Dahl, J. (2005, May). Development and evaluation of an integrative health model in treatment of epilepsy: A ran domized controlled trial investigating the effects of a short-term ACT intervention compared to attention control in South Africa. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Association for Behavior Analysis, Chicago, IL. Martin, J. R. (1997). Mindfulness: A proposed common factor. Jour nal of Psychotherapy Integration, 7, 291-312. Masuda, A. , Hayes, S. C, Sackett, C. F. , & Twohig, M. P. (2004). Cognitive defusion and self-relevant negative thoughts: Exam ining the impact of a ninety-year-old technique. Behaviour Re search and Therapy, 42, 477^85. McCracken, L. M. , Vowles, K. E. , & Eccleston, C. (2004). Ac ceptance of chronic pain: component analysis and a revised assessment method. Pain, 107,159-166. McHugh, L. , Barnes-Holmes, Y, & Barnes-Holmes, D. (2004). Perspective-taking as relational responding: A developmental profile. The Psychological Record, 54, 115-144. Murphy, C, Barnes-Holmes, D. , & Barnes-Holmes, Y. (2005). De rived manding in children with autism: Synthesizing Skinner's verbal behavior with relational frame theory. Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis, 38, 445-462. O'Hora, D. , Pelaez, M. , & Barnes-Holmes, D. (2005). Derived re lational responding and performance on verbal subtests of the WAIS-III. Psychological Record, 55, 55-175. Ryan, R. M. , & Deci, E. L. (2000). Self-determination theory and the facilitation of intrinsic motivation, social development, and well-being. American Psychologist, 55, 68-78. Shear, J., & Jevning, R. (1999). Pure consciousness: Scientific ex ploration of meditation techniques. In F. J. V? rela, & J. Shear (Eds.), The view from within (pp. 189-209). Thorverton, UK: Imprint Academics. Takahashi, M. , Muto, T. , Tada, M. , & Sugiyama, M. (2002). Ac ceptance rationale and increasing pain tolerance: Acceptance based and FE AR-based practice. Japanese Journal of Behavior Therapy, 28, 35-46. Teasdale, J. D. , Moor, R. G. , & Hayhurst, H. (2002). Metacognitive awareness and prevention of relapse in depression: Empirical evidence. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 70, 275-287.
Compensatory viewing training improves practical fitness to drive of subjects with impaired vision

In many countries strict legal requirements for obtaining a driver's license are in effect for visual acuity and visual field. We studied the relationship between these characteristics and driving safety and driving proficiency in an on-the-road test of practical fitness to drive in subjects with visual disorders, including many subjects scoring below current criteria. We further studied how far the relationship between the on-the-road test and visual measures improved if compensatory eye movements and visual attention were included in the criteria. Lastly, we studied the effects of training compensatory viewing strategies. METHODS: In two studies subjects with visual field defects due to retinal pathology (n = 100) and post-chiasmal damage (n = 28) performed the on-the-road test before and after training. Training consisted of laboratory and mobility training, including driving instruction. Visual function assessment included acuity, visual field, contrast sensitivity, visual attention, compensatory view.
Passive water and ion transport by cotransporters

1 The rabbit Na+‐glucose (SGLT1) and the human Na+‐Cl−‐GABA (GAT1) cotransporters were expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, and passive Na+ and water transport were studied using electrical and optical techniques. Passive water permeabilities (Lp) of the cotransporters were determined from the changes in oocyte volume in response to osmotic gradients. The specific SGLT1 and GAT1 Lp values were obtained by measuring Lp in the presence and absence of blockers (phlorizin and SKF89976A). In the presence of the blockers, the Lp values of oocytes expressing SGLT1 and GAT1 were indistinguishable from the Lp of control oocytes. Passive Na+ transport (Na+ leak) was obtained from the blocker‐sensitive Na+ currents in the absence of substrates (glucose and GABA). 3 Passive Na+ and water transport through SGLT1 were blocked by phlorizin with the same sensitivity (inhibitory constant (Ki), 3‐5 μM). When Na+ was replaced with Li+, phlorizin also inhibited Li+ and water transport, but with a lower affinity (Ki, 100 μM). When Na+ was replaced by choline, which is not transported, the SGLT1 Lp was indistinguishable from that in Na+ or Li+, but in this case water transport was less sensitive to phlorizin. 4 The activation energies (Ea) for passive Na+ and water transport through SGLT1 were 21 and 5 kcal mol−1, respectively. The high Ea for Na+ transport is comparable to that of Na+‐glucose cotransport and indicates that the process is dependent on conformational changes of the protein, while the low Ea for water transport is similar to that of water channels (aquaporins). 5 GAT1 also behaved as an SKF89976A‐sensitive water channel. We did not observe passive Na+ transport through GAT1. 6 We conclude that passive water and Na+ transport through cotransporters depend on different mechanisms: Na+ transport occurs by a saturable uniport mechanism, and water permeation is through a low conductance water channel. In the case of SGLT1, we suggest that both the water channel and water cotransport could contribute to isotonic fluid transport across the intestinal brush border membrane.
In : Arsenic Exposure and Health Effects IV .

Reduction of iron oxyhydroxide (FeOOH) and release of its sorbed arsenic load to solution is an important mechanism by which groundwater worldwide becomes polluted with arsenic. In the Bengal Basin of Bangladesh and West Bengal (India), it is the main mechanism by which arsenic pollutes groundwater. Arsenic pollution does not arise from oxidation of sedimentary sulfides nor from ion-exchange with phosphorus derived from fertilizer (or other sources). The concentration of arsenic in the sediments of the Bengal Basin is not exceptional and the occurrence of reducing conditions alone is insufficient to explain the extreme degree and extent of arsenic pollution. Extreme pollution by arsenic occurs because biodegradation of buried peat deposits drives extreme degrees of FeOOH reduction and supplies high concentrations of arsenic to groundwater (hundreds of μg l). Sources of organic matter other than peat are neither reactive enough nor abundant enough to generate the amount and degree of reduction necessary to cause such severe arsenic pollution but may account for pervasive low-level contamination (< 50 μg l). The distribution of known peat basins, and their ages, correlates to some degree with the surface distribution and depth profiles of arsenic. The distribution of peat and arsenic can be related to the Late Pleistocene and Holocene evolution of the Bengal basin. Because this evolution is controlled largely by climatic fluctuations and sea-level changes, a general model emerges for predicting the occurrence of groundwater that is naturally polluted by arsenic.
gang membership, race, and social class: a test of the group hazard and master status hypotheses

This article examines the extent to which gang membership, race, and social class affect a youth's chances of being arrested, independent of their self-reported delinquent behavior. We couple the concepts of group hazard and master status to frame our theoretical predictions. Using data from the Seattle Youth Study (Hindelang, Hirschi, and Weis 1981), we find that the odds of being arrested are roughly similar for gang and nongang members, controlling for the nature and level of self-reported delinquency. While being a gang member does not pose a group hazard to being arrested, a youth's master status based on race and social class is associated with arrest risk. Both being black and lower class increases a youth's odds of being arrested, independent of delinquency. Neither race nor class effects can be accounted for by the frequency with which youth hang out with their best friends. We propose several recommendations for reducing race and class profiling. Language: en
CHP1-Mediated NHE1 Biosynthetic Maturation Is Required for Purkinje Cell Axon Homeostasis

Axon degeneration is a critical pathological feature of many neurodegenerative diseases. Misregulation of local axonal ion homeostasis has been recognized as an important yet understudied mechanism for axon degeneration. Here we report a chemically induced, recessive mouse mutation, vacillator (vac), which causes ataxia and concomitant axon degeneration of cerebellar Purkinje cells. By positional cloning, we identified vac as a point mutation in the calcineurin-like EF hand protein 1 (Chp1) gene that resulted in the production of mutant CHP1 isoforms with an amino acid substitution in a functional EF-hand domain or a truncation of this motif by aberrant splicing and significantly reduced protein levels. CHP1 has been previously shown to interact with the sodium hydrogen exchanger 1 (NHE1), a major regulator of intracellular pH. We demonstrated that CHP1 assists in the full glycosylation of NHE1 that is necessary for the membrane localization of this transporter and that truncated isoforms of CHP1 were defective in stimulating NHE1 biosynthetic maturation. Consistent with this, membrane localization of NHE1 at axon terminals was greatly reduced in Chp1-deficient Purkinje cells before axon degeneration. Furthermore, genetic ablation of Nhe1 also resulted in Purkinje cell axon degeneration, pinpointing the functional convergence of the two proteins. Our findings clearly demonstrate that the polarized presynaptic localization of NHE/CHP1 is an important feature of neuronal axons and that selective disruption of NHE1-mediated proton homeostasis in axons can lead to degeneration, suggesting that local regulation of pH is pivotal for axon survival.
Teaching English Language Learners: Literacy Strategies and Resources for K-6

should include the following core content: Teaching English Language Learners Knowledge, selection and use of a variety of instructional strategies and scaffolds appropriate to the varying needs of English language learners (such as dual language strategies, visual aids, vocabulary instruction, guided reading, writing scaffolds) Knowledge, selection and use of pair, small-group and whole-class oral language strategies to encourage English language learners Knowledge, selection and use of a variety of classroom assessment strategies that take into consideration the learning needs of English language learners Knowledge, selection and use of strategies to assess, and account for, English language learners’ prior knowledge Knowledge, selection and use of a variety of learning resources to meet the varying needs, interests and ethno-cultural backgrounds of English language learners
Exploring the conjunction fallacy within a category learning framework

The literature presents two major theories on the cause of the conjunction fallacy. The first attributes the conjunction fallacy to the representativeness heuristic. The second suggests that the conjunction fallacy is caused by people combining p(A) and p(B) into p(A&B) in an inappropriate manner. These two theories were contrasted in two category-learning experiments. As predicted by the latter theory, data showed that participants that could assess p(A&B) directly made fewer conjunction fallacies than participants who had to compute p(A) and p(B) separately and then combine them into p(A&B). Least conjunction fallacies were observed in the cases where the representativeness heuristic was applicable. Overall, data showed that an inability to appropriately combine probabilities is one of the key cognitive mechanisms behind the conjunction fallacy. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prevalence and Determinants of Depressive Disorders in Primary Care Practice in Spain

Objective: Depressive disorders are considered to be a public health problem. Primary health care plays an important role in the treatment of such disorders. Our aim is to determine the prevalence and determinant factors of major depression and dysthymia in consecutive primary care attenders. Method: The study took place in medical consultations in 10 Primary Care Centers in Tarragona (Spain). It was designed as a two-phase cross-sectional study. In the first phase we screened 906 consecutive patients according to Zung's Self-Rating Depression Scale. In the second phase the 209 patients whose results were positive and 97 patients whose results were negative (1/7 chosen at random) were given the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, plus a series of questionnaires. We evaluated the link between major depression and dysthymia and several sociodemographic and clinical variables using non-conditional logistic regression. Results: Weighted prevalence was 14.3% (CI 95%: 11.2–17.4) for major depression and 4.8% (CI 95%: 2.8–6.8) for dysthymia. Independently linked to the presence of major depression were female sex, panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, frequency of primary care visits, and clinical presentation in the form of explicitly psychosocial symptoms as opposed to exclusively somatic symptoms. Independently linked to the presence of dysthymia were age, generalized anxiety disorder and psychosocial symptoms. Conclusion: In our area, depressive disorders in primary care attenders are very common. General practitioners should be aware of this fact so that these disorders can be detected and treated correctly.
Proteasome inhibition mediates p53 reactivation and anti-cancer activity of 6-Gingerol in cervical cancer cells

Human papilloma virus (HPV) expressing E6 and E7 oncoproteins, is known to inactivate the tumor suppressor p53 through proteasomal degradation in cervical cancers. Therefore, use of small molecules for inhibition of proteasome function and induction of p53 reactivation is a promising strategy for induction of apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. The polyphenolic alkanone, 6-Gingerol (6G), present in the pungent extracts of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) has shown potent anti-tumorigenic and pro-apoptotic activities against a variety of cancers. In this study we explored the molecular mechanism of action of 6G in human cervical cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. 6G potently inhibited proliferation of the HPV positive cervical cancer cells. 6G was found to: (i) inhibit the chymotrypsin activity of proteasomes, (ii) induce reactivation of p53, (iii) increase levels of p21, (iv) induce DNA damage and G2/M cell cycle arrest, (v) alter expression levels of p53-associated apoptotic markers like, cleaved caspase-3 and PARP, and (vi) potentiate the cytotoxicity of cisplatin. 6G treatment induced significant reduction of tumor volume, tumor weight, proteasome inhibition and p53 accumulation in HeLa xenograft tumor cells in vivo. The 6G treatment was devoid of toxic effects as it did not affect body weights, hematological and osteogenic parameters. Taken together, our data underscores the therapeutic and chemosensitizing effects of 6G in the management and treatment of cervical cancer.
First report of multinodular pulmonary fibrosis associated with equine herpesvirus 5 in Belgium

A 20-year-old horse was evaluated for symptoms of weight loss, anorexia, fever and lethargy. Clinical examination revealed tachypnea, poor body condition and increased breath sounds on auscultation. Ultrasound showed multiple consolidations on the lungs. Thoracic radiography revealed a severe nodular pattern. The horse was treated with antibiotics, corticoids and supportive medication. Since no improvement was observed, the horse was euthanized. At necropsy, numerous coalescing fibrous nodules were present in the lungs. Histology revealed diffuse interstitial fibrosis and macrophages containing abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and oval eosinophilic to amphophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies. Tissue samples tested positive for the presence of equine herpes virus 5 (EHV 5) on the basis of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test. A diagnosis of equine multinodular pulmonary fibrosis (EMPF) was made. This is the first report of EMPF in Belgium. EMPF can be suspected based on the ultrasonographic, radiographic and histological changes. EMPF is associated with EHV 5, but the etiological role of EHV 5 still remains to be proven. SAMENVATTING
2 optimal semistable stabilisation for linear discrete-time dynamical systems with applications to network consensus

In this article, we develop ℋ2 semistability theory for linear discrete-time dynamical systems. Using this theory, we design ℋ2 optimal semistable controllers for linear dynamical systems. Unlike the standard ℋ2 optimal control problem, a complicating feature of the ℋ2 optimal semistable stabilisation problem is that the closed-loop Lyapunov equation guaranteeing semistability can admit multiple solutions. An interesting feature of the proposed approach, however, is that a least squares solution over all possible semistabilising solutions corresponds to the ℋ2 optimal solution. It is shown that this least squares solution can be characterised by a linear matrix inequality minimisation problem. Finally, the proposed framework is used to develop ℋ2 optimal semistable controllers for addressing the consensus control problem in networks of dynamic agents.
Undergraduate Instrumental Music Education Majors' Approaches to Score Study in Various Musical Contexts

Participants in the study (N = 21) engaged in two one-on-one interview sessions with the investigator. During each session, participants "thought out loud" as they studied one solo score and one full score of music by various composers. Interviews were conducted in an effort to assess preexisting knowledge of the music being studied and to assess participants' perceptions about score study. Results indicated three primary themes: (1) a lack of transfer of preexisting knowledge into certain score-study procedures, (2) an increase in specificity of verbal responses that seemed to correspond with education and experience, and (3) a lack of audible sound used during score preparation within full-score settings. Other findings suggest a contextual basis for score-study procedures and reflect changes in score-study patterns that seem influenced by experience and education.
An examination of different explanations for the mere exposure effect

This article investigates two competing explanations of the mere exposure effect—the cognition-based perceptual fluency/misattribution theory (PF/M) and the affect-based hedonic fluency model (HFM)—under incidental exposure conditions. In two studies, the classical mere exposure effect is replicated in the context of banner advertising. The findings rule out the cognition-based PF/M and suggest that the spontaneous affective reaction resulting from perceptual fluency is a crucial link between fluency and evaluation. The studies provide strong evidence that the spontaneous affect influences evaluative judgments through a more complex process, likely by coloring the interpretation of the fluency experience and the nature of resulting metacognitions relating fluency to liking. Theoretical and managerial implications of the findings are mentioned.
Youth Gang Members: Psychiatric Disorders and Substance Use

Objective: Approximately 260,000 of youth in the United States are gang-affiliated. There is a paucity of data available to identify the prevalence of mental health disorders in this population. Gang members share many of the features of “at risk” or juvenile justice involved youth who deny gang membership. The authors identified rates of psychiatric disorders within a juvenile justice population delineated in three categories: gang members, friends of gang members, and non-gang members. M ethods : A retrospective review of records obtained by a juvenile probation department. A large detention center conducted mental health screenings on 7,615 youth aged 13–17. The mental health screenings were performed by either a master level or doctoral level mental health professional. Odds ratios were computed as an effect size for gender, race/ethnic differences, and gang-membership associations with self-reported psychiatric and substance use disorders. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the risk for psychiatric and substance use disorders among gang-members and friends of gang members. Diagnostic information was generated through a clinical interview and flexible battery. Results : Of the 7,615 youth in this study, ~50% had contact with gangs; 11% were self-identified gang-members, and 38% acknowledged having at least one friendship with a gang member. Similar to other studies, being male was a risk-factor for gang-membership (2.31 odds). In this multi-racial and ethnic study, Latinos had a greater affiliation with gang membership and association with gang members as friends (1.44 odds). Gang members were found to have increased rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (1.77 odds), current substance abuse (2.58 odds), oppositional defiant disorder, (1.24 odds) and conduct disorder (4.05 odds); however, they were less likely to have an adjustment disorder than non-gang members (0.70 odds). Conclusions : Juveniles who received a mental health assessment in this study were found to have differences in rates of psychiatric disorders and substance use based upon gang-affiliation or association. Current data is limited and inconsistent in the delineation of individual, family, peer, school and community characteristics specific to gang members. These differences warrant further investigation for intervention and treatment.
Yara Parser: A Fast and Accurate Dependency Parser

Dependency parsers are among the most crucial tools in natural language processing as they have many important applications in downstream tasks such as information retrieval, machine translation and knowledge acquisition. We introduce the Yara Parser, a fast and accurate open-source dependency parser based on the arc-eager algorithm and beam search. It achieves an unlabeled accuracy of 93.32 on the standard WSJ test set which ranks it among the top dependency parsers. At its fastest, Yara can parse about 4000 sentences per second when in greedy mode (1 beam). When optimizing for accuracy (using 64 beams and Brown cluster features), Yara can parse 45 sentences per second. The parser can be trained on any syntactic dependency treebank and dierent options are provided in order to make it more flexible and tunable for specific tasks. It is released with the Apache version 2.0 license and can be used for both commercial and academic purposes. The parser can be found at https: //github.com/yahoo/YaraParser.