Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nascent SecM Chain Outside the Ribosome Reinforces Translation Arrest

SecM, a bacterial secretion monitor protein, contains a specific amino acid sequence at its C-terminus, called arrest sequence, which interacts with the ribosomal tunnel and arrests its own translation. The arrest sequence is sufficient and necessary for stable translation arrest. However, some previous studies have suggested that the nascent chain outside the ribosome affects the stability of translation arrest. To clarify this issue, we performed in vitro translation assays with HaloTag proteins fused to the C-terminal fragment of E. coli SecM containing the arrest sequence or the full-length SecM. We showed that the translation of HaloTag proteins, which are fused to the fragment, is not effectively arrested, whereas the translation of HaloTag protein fused to full-length SecM is arrested efficiently. In addition, we observed that the nascent SecM chain outside the ribosome markedly stabilizes the translation arrest. These results indicate that changes in the nascent polypeptide chain outside the ribosome can affect the stability of translation arrest; the nascent SecM chain outside the ribosome stabilizes the translation arrest.
Relationship between Time Management and Academic Performance among Orphaned Secondary School Students of Kenya

The study investigated the relationship between time management and academic performance among orphaned secondary school students of Kenya. This study adopted an ex-post-facto research design with which a saturation sampling technique was employed. The study population constituted 300 secondary school going orphans and 23 principals. The sample of the study comprised 300 secondary school going orphans and 7 principals picked out through saturated and simple random sampling respectively. The research instruments that were used were students’ questionnaires, document analysis and interview guide for the head teachers. The validity of the research instrument was ensured through expert judgments by University lecturers in the department of psychology. To test the reliability of the instruments, the researcher employed the test-retest and correlation coefficient of 0.891 was reported. The Pearson Product-Moment correlation coefficient (r = .906) computed indicated that there was high positive correlation between time management and academic achievement among orphaned secondary school students. Ministry of Education in general should understand the plight of orphans and provide them with improved services like trained counselors who would be able to provide orphaned children with appropriate counseling services.
Disparities between Ophthalmologists and Patients in Estimating Quality of Life Associated with Diabetic Retinopathy

Background This study aimed to evaluate and compare the utility values associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in a sample of Chinese patients and ophthalmologists. Methods Utility values were evaluated by both the time trade-off (TTO) and rating scale (RS) methods for 109 eligible patients with DR and 2 experienced ophthalmologists. Patients were stratified by Snellen best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in the better-seeing eye. The correlations between the utility values and general vision-related health status measures were analyzed. These utility values were compared with data from two other studies. Results The mean utility values elicited from the patients themselves with the TTO (0.81; SD 0.10) and RS (0.81; SD 0.11) methods were both statistically lower than the mean utility values assessed by ophthalmologists. Significant predictors of patients’ TTO and RS utility values were both LogMAR BCVA in the affected eye and average weighted LogMAR BCVA. DR grade and duration of visual dysfunction were also variables that significantly predicted patients’ TTO utility values. For ophthalmologists, patients’ LogMAR BCVA in the affected eye and in the better eye were the variables that significantly predicted both the TTO and RS utility values. Patients’ education level was also a variable that significantly predicted RS utility values. Moreover, both diabetic macular edema and employment status were significant predictors of TTO and RS utility values, whether from patients or ophthalmologists. There was no difference in mean TTO utility values compared to our American and Canadian patients. Conclusions DR caused a substantial decrease in Chinese patients’ utility values, and ophthalmologists substantially underestimated its effect on patient quality of life.
A New Chemo-evolutionary Population Synthesis Model for Early-type Galaxies. II. Observations and Results

We present the results of applying a new chemo-evolutionary stellar population model, developed in a previous paper, to new high-quality observational data of the nuclear regions of two representative elliptical galaxies and the bulge of the Sombrero galaxy. Here we fit in detail ~20 absorption lines and six optical and near-infrared colors, following two approaches: fitting a single-age, single-metallicity model and fitting our full chemical evolutionary model. We find that all the iron lines are weaker than the best-fitting models predict, indicating that the iron abundance is anomalous and deficient. We also find that the Ca I index at 4227 Å is much lower than predicted by the models. We can obtain good fits for all the other lines and observed colors with models of old and metal-rich stellar populations and can show that the observed radial gradients are due to metallicity decreasing outward. We find that good fits are obtained both with fully evolutionary models and with single-age, single-metallicity models. This is due to the fact that in the evolutionary model more than 80% of the stars form within 1.5 Gyr after the formation of the galaxies. The fact that slightly better fits are obtained with evolutionary models indicates that these galaxies contain a small spread in metallicity.
Moser-Trudinger and Beckner-Onofri's inequalities on the CR sphere

We derive sharp Moser-Trudinger inequalities on the CR sphere. The rst type is in the Adams form, for powers of the sublaplacian and for general spectrally dened operators on the space of CR-pluriharmonic functions. We will then obtain the sharp Beckner-Onofri inequality for CRpluriharmonic functions on the sphere and, as a consequence, a sharp logarithmic Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality in the form given by Carlen and Loss.
Survey on the attention based RNN model and its applications in computer vision

The recurrent neural networks (RNN) can be used to solve the sequence to sequence problem, where both the input and the output have sequential structures. Usually there are some implicit relations between the structures. However, it is hard for the common RNN model to fully explore the relations between the sequences. In this survey, we introduce some attention based RNN models which can focus on different parts of the input for each output item, in order to explore and take advantage of the implicit relations between the input and the output items. The different attention mechanisms are described in detail. We then introduce some applications in computer vision which apply the attention based RNN models. The superiority of the attention based RNN model is shown by the experimental results. At last some future research directions are given.
A 2+1-Dimensional Non-Isothermal Magnetogasdynamic System. Hamiltonian-Ermakov Integrable Reduction

A 2+1-dimensional anisentropic magnetogasdynamic system with a polytropic gas law is shown to admit an integrable elliptic vortex reduction when $\gamma=2$ to a nonlinear dynamical subsystem with underlying integrable Hamiltonian-Ermakov structure. Exact solutions of the magnetogasdynamic system are thereby obtained which describe a rotating elliptic plasma cylinder. The semi-axes of the elliptical cross-section, remarkably, satisfy a Ermakov-Ray-Reid system.
Telepresence and Video Games: The Impact of Image Quality

This study investigates the impact of video game image quality on telepresence. Past research has demonstrated positive associations between television image quality and presence and video game technology and presence. No study to date, however, has examined the presence effects of video games played in high definition, which is becoming increasingly common due to the diffusion of new TV technologies into homes. This paper reports the results of an experiment in which image quality was manipulated. The results of the study provide some support for image quality affecting telepresence. Specifically, higher quality images in video games led to higher levels of immersion. These findings are discussed along with suggestions for future research.
redicting judged similarity of natural categories from their neural epresentations

We report a combined behavioral and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study of conceptual similarity among members of a natural category (mammals). The study examined the relationship between computed pairwise similarity of neural responses to viewed mammals (e.g. bear, camel, dolphin) and subjective pairwise similarity ratings of the same set of mammals, obtained from subjects after the scanning session. In each functional region of interest (fROI), measures of neural similarity were compared to behavioral ratings. fROIs were identified as clusters of voxels that discriminated intact ver-
Could gut microbiota serve as prognostic biomarker associated with colorectal cancer patients' survival? A pilot study on relevant mechanism

Evidences have shown that dysbiosis could promote the progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the association of dysbiosis and prognosis of CRC is barely investigated. Therefore, we used 16S rRNA gene sequencing approach to determine differences in microbiota among tumor tissues of different prognosis and found that Fusobacterium nucleatum and Bacteroides fragilis were more abundant in worse prognosis groups, while Faecalibacterium prausnitzii displayed higher abundance in survival group. To further explore the prognostic value of the found bacteria, Kaplan–Meier and Cox proportional regression analyses were used and the results exhibited that high abundance of F. nucleatum and B. fragilis were independent indicators of poor patient's survival. Besides, the expression of major inflammatory mediator were analyzed using PCR and western blot methods, and it turned out that high abundance of F. nucleatum was associated with increased expression of TNF-α, β-catenin and NF-κB, while COX-2, MMP-9 and NF-κB were positively related with high B. fragilis level, and high level of F. prausnitzii showed lower expression of β-catenin, MMP-9 and NF-κB. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis indicated that KRAS and BRAF expression were prominent in F. nucleatum and B. fragilis high abundance group, while MLH1 showed lower expression. In conclusion, F. nucleatum, B. fragilis and F. prausnitzii can be identified as useful prognostic biomarkers for CRC, and dysbiosis might worsen the patients' prognosis by up-regulating gut inflammation level.
Spokojenost se životem a zaměstnáním v České republice

The article deals with life and job satisfaction of the Czech working-age population. First it highlights concepts of happiness and satisfaction within the emerging multidimensional approaches to individual and societal well-being. Then, it resumes the data sources of those measures, with specific attention to the Module on Subjective Well-being of the survey EU-SILC. Using this data, basic characteristics and determinants of life satisfaction are shown first and basic characteristics and determinants of job satisfaction after that. Finally the relationship between these two dimensions of satisfaction is analysed. It appears that determination of life satisfaction by socio-demographic and economic characteristics of individuals and households is much higher than the determination of job satisfaction. The identity of “contradictory” categories where life satisfaction significantly outweighs job satisfaction and vice versa is weak.
Effect of methoprene on the progeny production of Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).

BACKGROUND Tribolium castaneum (red flour beetle) is a serious insect pest of stored products around the world. Current control measures for this species have several limitations: loss of registration of insecticides, insecticide resistance and consumer concerns about chemical residues in food. The objective of this study was to determine whether methoprene affects progeny production of T. castaneum. Late-instar larvae or young adults were exposed to methoprene-treated wheat, and progeny production was determined. The pairing of male and female adults was performed as untreated × untreated, treated × untreated or treated × treated, to study sex-based effects. RESULTS There were three outcomes to late-instar larvae held on methoprene-treated wheat kernels (0.001 and 0.0165 ppm): (1) failure to emerge as an adult; (2) emergence as an adult, and almost no offspring produced; (3) emergence as an adult and normal production of offspring. Male larvae were more susceptible to methoprene than female larvae. In contrast, young adults exposed to methoprene (1.67-66.6 ppm) showed no reduction in offspring production. CONCLUSION Methoprene concentrations will decline with time following its application. However, this research indicates that methoprene can still reduce populations of T. castaneum by reducing their progeny production, even if adults emerge.
Validation of a 3D CT method for measurement of linear wear of acetabular cups

Background We evaluated the accuracy and repeatability of a 3D method for polyethylene acetabular cup wear measurements using computed tomography (CT). We propose that the method be used for clinical in vivo assessment of wear in acetabular cups. Material and methods Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene cups with a titanium mesh molded on the outside were subjected to wear using a hip simulator. Before and after wear, they were (1) imaged with a CT scanner using a phantom model device, (2) measured using a coordinate measurement machine (CMM), and (3) weighed. CMM was used as the reference method for measurement of femoral head penetration into the cup and for comparison with CT, and gravimetric measurements were used as a reference for both CT and CMM. Femoral head penetration and wear vector angle were studied. The head diameters were also measured with both CMM and CT. The repeatability of the method proposed was evaluated with two repeated measurements using different positions of the phantom in the CT scanner. Results The accuracy of the 3D CT method for evaluation of linear wear was 0.51 mm and the repeatability was 0.39 mm. Repeatability for wear vector angle was 17°. Interpretation This study of metal-meshed hip-simulated acetabular cups shows that CT has the capacity for reliable measurement of linear wear of acetabular cups at a clinically relevant level of accuracy.
From Knowledge as a Commons to Organization as a Commons

Purpose : After first highlighting the volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous character of the current knowledge environment, this article shows that managing knowledge through collaborative processes (that may be characterized by the concept of the commons) appears indispensable to adaptation in this unstable setting. Finally, it is discussed the idea that managing knowledge as a commons leads to a deep alteration of the way organizations are managed. Description : In the era of the information society, of a volatile, uncertain, complex and ambiguous (VUCA) world, building knowledge collaboratively appears indispensable to adapt to the rapid changes in our environment. Further, this knowledge should be considered as a common good in a collective driven by the principles of reciprocity, autonomy, transparency, and trust. Point of view: It seems that such an approach is made possible by a view of organizations that focuses on individuals – in particular, on their freedom, their responsibility, and their well-being at work. In this context, the organization is conceived of as a commons whose sustainability depends on collaborative knowledge management, itself conceived of as a commons. Conclusions: Combining an approach to knowledge as a commons with an organization that operates as a commons should question the ways we manage our organizations.
Ventilator-induced lung injury

During mechanical ventilation, high end-inspiratory lung volume (whether it be because of large tidal volume (VT) and/or high levels of positive end-expiratory pressure) results in a permeability type pulmonary oedema, called ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). Previous injury sensitises lung to mechanical ventilation. This experimental concept has recently received a resounding clinical illustration after a 22% reduction of mortality was observed in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients whose VT had been reduced. In addition, it has been suggested that repetitive opening and closing of distal units at low lung volume could induce lung injury but this notion has been challenged both conceptually and clinically after the negative results of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome clinical Network Assessment of Low tidal Volume and Elevated end-expiratory volume to Obviate Lung Injury (ARDSNet ALVEOLI) study. Experimentally and clinically, involvement of inflammatory cytokines in VILI has not been unequivocally demonstrated. Cellular response to mechanical stretch has been increasingly investigated, both on the epithelial and the endothelial side. Lipid membrane trafficking has been thought to be a means by which cells respond to stress failure. Alterations in the respiratory system pressure/volume curve during ventilator-induced lung injury that include decrease in compliance and position of the upper inflection point are due to distal obstruction of airways that reduce aerated lung volume. Information from this curve could help avoid potentially harmful excessive tidal volume reduction.
Performance study of IEEE 802.11n WLANs

The IEEE 802.11b/g based wireless LANs (WLANs) are widely deployed across enterprise and home segments. The new IEEE 802.11n amendment aims at providing data rates up to 600 Mbps with better Quality of Service (QoS) and backward compatibility with all the legacy (IEEE 802.11a/b/g) devices. These legacy devices cannot decode 802.11n transmissions and hence all the 802.11n transmissions must follow a protection mechanism when such legacy clients are present. These protection mechanisms ensure that the legacy stations are aware of 802.11n transmissions and do not interfere with it. The cost for achieving this protection is the throughput degradation in 802.11n. This paper presents a detailed simulation study of the MAC throughput impact due to the usage of protection mechanisms in the 802.11n network. Our simulation study will cover various deployment scenarios of 802.11n which will lead to different protection mechanisms being used. Results presented will highlight the potential impact of protection on the performance of 802.11n WLANs.
Measuring Probabilistic Reasoning: The Construction of a New Scale Applying Item Response Theory

Probabilistic reasoning skills are important in various contexts. The aim of the present study was to develop a new instrument (the Probabilistic Reasoning Scale – PRS) to accurately measure low levels of probabilistic reasoning ability in order to identify people with difficulties in this domain. Item response theory was applied to construct the scale, and to investigate differential item functioning (i.e., whether the items were invariant) across genders, educational levels, and languages. Additionally, we tested the validity of the scale by investigating the relationships between the PRS and several other measures. The results revealed that the items had a low level of difficulty. Nonetheless, the discriminative measures showed that the items can discriminate between individuals with different trait levels, and the test information function showed that the scale accurately assesses low levels of probabilistic reasoning ability. Additionally, through investigating differential item functioning, the measurement equivalence of the scale at the item level was confirmed for gender, educational status, and language (i.e., Italian and English). Concerning validity, the results showed the expected correlations with numerical skills, math-related attitudes, statistics achievement, IQ, reasoning skills, and risky choices both in the Italian and British samples. In conclusion, the PRS is an ideal instrument for identifying individuals who struggle with basic probabilistic reasoning, and who could be targeted by specific interventions. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The unusually large Plasmodium telomerase reverse-transcriptase localizes in a discrete compartment associated with the nucleolus

Telomerase replicates chromosome ends, a function necessary for maintaining genome integrity. We have identified the gene that encodes the catalytic reverse transcriptase (RT) component of this enzyme in the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum (PfTERT) as well as the orthologous genes from two rodent and one simian malaria species. PfTERT is predicted to encode a basic protein that contains the major sequence motifs previously identified in known telomerase RTs (TERTs). At ∼2500 amino acids, PfTERT is three times larger than other characterized TERTs. We observed remarkable sequence diversity between TERT proteins of different Plasmodial species, with conserved domains alternating with hypervariable regions. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed that PfTERT is expressed in asexual blood stage parasites that have begun DNA synthesis. Surprisingly, rather than at telomere clusters, PfTERT typically localizes into a discrete nuclear compartment. We further demonstrate that this compartment is associated with the nucleolus, hereby defined for the first time in P.falciparum.
Texture metrics

We introduce a class of metric perceptual distances between textures. The first metric is sensitive to both rotation and scale differences, and provides a basis for two other metrics, one invariant to rotation, and the other invariant to both rotation and scale. Our metrics are based on Earth Mover's Distance computations on log-polar distributions of spatial frequency computed from Gabor filters. We show consistency of our metrics with psychophysical findings on texture discrimination and classification.