Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Physical and Mechanical Properties of Resin Matrix with Two Photoinitiator Systems in Dental Adhesives

This study evaluated the physical and mechanical properties of resin matrices in dental adhesives with two photoinitiator systems. Resin matrix specimens were made with five different kinds of photoinitiators. Neat resin consisted of 60% 2,2-bis[4-2(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropoxy)phenyl]propane (Bis-GMA) and 40% hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) by weight, along with camphorquinone (CQ, 1 mol %) and additional components (1 mol % each) as follows: Group 1, 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA); Group 2, ethyl-4-(dimethylamino) benzoate (EDMAB); Group 3, diphenyliodonium hexafluorphosphate (DPIHFP); Group 4, DMAEMA+DPIHFP; Group 5, EDMAB+DPIHFP. The degree of conversion (DC), flexural strength, flexural modulus, microhardness, and ultimate tensile strength were tested. The contribution of each photoinitiator to the DC in a selected group was analyzed with contour plots. One-way ANOVA and Tukey tests (p < 0.05) were used for statistical analyses. The DC of Groups 2, 4, and 5 was similar. The flexural strength was similar in all groups, but flexural modulus was significantly different. Group 3 had the lowest values for all physical and mechanical properties. Among all methods, the microhardness test revealed the greatest degree of difference among the five specimens. CQ, EDMAB, and DPIHFP were the most effective photoinitiators and CQ was the most influential factor for the DC rate.
Gr-1+CD11b+ myeloid cells efficiently home to site of injury after intravenous administration and enhance diabetic wound healing by neoangiogenesis

Vascularization is an important factor that affects diabetic wound healing. There is increasing evidence that myeloid cell lineages play a role in neovascularization. In this study, the efficiency of Gr‐1+CD11b+ myeloid cells to home to the site of injury and enhance diabetic wound healing by neoangiogenesis after intravenous administration was investigated. Gr‐1+CD11b+ myeloid cells were injected into tail vein after establishment of dorsal window chamber, hindlimb ischaemia and ear‐punch injury in diabetic or non‐diabetic mice. The Gr‐1+CD11b+ myeloid cells efficiently homed to the site of injury after intravenous administration and increased neoangiogenesis. The chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) is robustly expressed by Gr‐1+CD11b+ myeloid cells. Inhibition of CXCR4 decreases the homing ability of Gr‐1+CD11b+ myeloid cells to the site of injury, which indicates that the CXCR4/SDF‐1 axis plays an important role in the homing of Gr‐1+CD11b+ myeloid cells to the site of injury. In addition, Gr‐1+CD11b+ myeloid cells were found to improve blood flow recovery of ischaemic limb and enhance wound healing in diabetic mice by neoangiogenesis after intravenous administration. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that Gr‐1+CD11b+ myeloid cells may serve as a potential cell therapy for diabetic wound healing.
Waist-to-height ratio is independently associated with chronic kidney disease in overweight type 2 diabetic patients

Abstract Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most serious complications in obesity-induced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) are recognised as sensitive obesity measures. We aimed to investigate the association of BMI, WC, WHR and WHtR with CKD prevalence in overweight T2DM patients. Design, Subjects and Methods: We obtained 125 overweight T2DM patients coming for their in-patient annual visit. Metabolic profiles and anthropometric indices were measured and calculated. Urine albumin excretion (UAE) was determined as the mean of 24-h urine from two consecutive days. Serum creatinine was measured from fasting blood sample in order to calculate the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration formula. Patients were divided into two groups according to CKD prevalence. Results: Thirty-six (28.8%) patients met diagnostic criteria for CKD. The WHtR and WC were higher in the group with CKD. WHtR correlated positively with UAE (r = 0.828, p < 0.001) and negatively with eGFR (r = −0.262, p = 0.015). No significant correlation was observed with WC in relation to UAE (p = 0.335) nor eGFR (p = 0.121). WHtR yielded the significant and great OR in association with nephropathy after adjustment for all confounding risk factors. Conclusion: WHtR might be of a greater importance in association to CKD compared to other anthropometric parameters that indicate central obesity. Whether it is a best measure of central obesity and its exact role in CKD pathology is yet to be investigated.
Ontology Learning by Clustering Based on Fuzzy Formal Concept Analysis

Ontology is an important tool of knowledge representation, but its construction is a difficult and tedious task. Ontology constructed by formal concept analysis is quite complicated in terms of the number of concepts generated and can not deal with the vague and uncertain information in practice. A new method is developed to create fuzzy ontology by clustering on Fuzzy Formal Concept Analysis. In the end, experimental results on artificially generated datasets are produced which shows that the learning algorithm has excellent performance on the time-spatial complexity.
Acetylome of Acinetobacter baumannii SK17 Reveals a Highly-Conserved Modification of Histone-Like Protein HU

Lysine acetylation is a prevalent post-translational modification in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Whereas this modification is known to play pivotal roles in eukaryotes, the function and extent of this modification in prokaryotic cells remain largely unexplored. Here we report the acetylome of a pair of antibiotic-sensitive and -resistant nosocomial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii SK17-S and SK17-R. A total of 145 lysine acetylation sites on 125 proteins was identified, and there are 23 acetylated proteins found in both strains, including histone-like protein HU which was found to be acetylated at Lys13. HU is a dimeric DNA-binding protein critical for maintaining chromosomal architecture and other DNA-dependent functions. To analyze the effects of site-specific acetylation, homogenously Lys13-acetylated HU protein, HU(K13ac) was prepared by genetic code expansion. Whilst not exerting an obvious effect on the oligomeric state, Lys13 acetylation alters both the thermal stability and DNA binding kinetics of HU. Accordingly, this modification likely destabilizes the chromosome structure and regulates bacterial gene transcription. This work indicates that acetyllysine plays an important role in bacterial epigenetics.
The Effect of Hypothermia and Tissue Perfusion on Extended Myocutaneous Flap Viability

The salutary effect of hypothermia and tissue perfusion on extending the ischemic tolerance of the canine latissimus dorsi myocutaneous flap was demonstrated in this experimental study. A total of 175 flaps from 89 adult mongrel dogs were elevated with one-half the flaps perfused with iced Collins renal preservation solution. With the exception of control flaps kept at ambient temperature, the remaining flaps were stored at 4 degrees C for periods ranging from 24 to 192 hours followed by transplantation into the groins of recipient dogs, with anastomosis of the thoracodorsal artery and vein in an end-to-side manner to the femoral artery and vein, respectively. The study was divided into two distinct sections. The acute phase involved the transplantation of 77 flaps into random recipient dogs, and following a 3-hour period of systemic perfusion, the flaps were removed, weighed, and sectioned for later histologic study. Progressive increase in flap weight was observed up to 96 hours of hypothermia with a sharp decline in weight at 120 hours of hypothermia. The increase in flap weight in the nonperfused flaps was significantly greater than the previously perfused flaps. Histologically, at 120 hours of hypothermia, loss of vascular integrity was noted, suggestive of a no-reflow phenomenon. In the second, or extended-flap, study, 98 flaps were transplanted into the groins of the original donor animal and allowed to remain in situ for a 2-week period. The flaps were then carefully observed for viability, removed, and sectioned for histologic study. Hypothermic support of up to 96 hours extended viability in both perfused and nonperfused flaps, although beyond this hypothermic period viability was seen only in previously perfused flaps. The clinical implications of this study include hypothermic perfusion of a major-extremity amputation prior to replantation or the temporary storage of a free myocutaneous flap.
Achieving Temporal Fairness in Multi-Rate 802.11 WLANs with Capture Effect

This paper proposes new MAC layer transmission opportunity (TXOP) adaptation algorithms for achieving temporal fairness in multi-rate 802.11 WLANs, which take underlying capture effect into account. Due to capture effect, a frame with the strongest received signal strength can be correctly decoded at the receiver even in the presence of transmission collisions from multiple contending stations. This effect introduces significant imbalance in channel access probabilities, and consequently the use of equal TXOP for each contending station cannot achieve temporal fairness. We develop a centralized and a distributed TXOP adaptation algorithm that compensate the stations with less channel access opportunities by giving them larger TXOPs. In the proposed centralized scheme, the access point estimates the successful TXOP acquisition probability of each associated station and allocates appropriate TXOPs to the contending stations. In the proposed distributed algorithm, each station estimates its own share of channel occupation time and adjusts its TXOP individually. We present the conditions that ensure the convergence of the distributed algorithm. Simulation results show that our proposed schemes can effectively achieve "true" temporal fairness.
Consensus of Multi-Agent Systems With Unbounded Time-Varying Delays

In this note, the consensus problem with infinite time-varying delays for linearly coupled static network is investigated. The delay affects only the off-diagonal terms in continuous-time equations. At first, we define an effective consensus ability index. Then, by using the graph theory and a new concept of consensus, we prove that under some mild conditions, the network can realize consensus. An example is given to show the validity of obtained results.
Coupling of the Common Land Model to the NCAR Community Climate Model

Abstract The Common Land Model (CLM), which results from a 3-yr joint effort among seven land modeling groups, has been coupled with the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Community Climate Model (CCM3). Two 15-yr simulations of CCM3 coupled with CLM and the NCAR Land Surface Model (LSM), respectively, are used to document the relative impact of CLM versus LSM on land surface climate. It is found that CLM significantly reduces the summer cold bias of surface air temperature in LSM, which is associated with higher sensible heat fluxes and lower latent heat fluxes in CLM, and the winter warm bias over seasonally snow-covered regions, especially in Eurasia. CLM also significantly improves the simulation of the annual cycle of runoff in LSM. In addition, CLM simulates the snow mass better than LSM during the snow accumulation stage. These improvements are primarily caused by the improved parameterizations in runoff, snow, and other processes (e.g., turbulence) in CLM. The new land boundary data (.
A Self-Correcting Variable-Metric Algorithm for Stochastic Optimization

An algorithm for stochastic (convex or nonconvex) optimization is presented. The algorithm is variable-metric in the sense that, in each iteration, the step is computed through the product of a symmetric positive definite scaling matrix and a stochastic (mini-batch) gradient of the objective function, where the sequence of scaling matrices is updated dynamically by the algorithm. A key feature of the algorithm is that it does not overly restrict the manner in which the scaling matrices are updated. Rather, the algorithm exploits fundamental self-correcting properties of BFGS-type updating--properties that have been overlooked in other attempts to devise quasi-Newton methods for stochastic optimization. Numerical experiments illustrate that the method and a limited memory variant of it are stable and outperform (mini-batch) stochastic gradient and other quasi-Newton methods when employed to solve a few machine learning problems.
T-Shaped III-V Heterojunction Tunneling Field-Effect Transistor

In this paper, we propose and investigate a novel heterojunction T-shaped tunneling field-effect transistor (TTFET) using Sentaurus technology computer-aided design (TCAD) simulations. The electrical characteristics of InP/In<sub>0.53</sub>Ga<sub>0.47</sub>As heterojunction TTFET are compared with an L-shaped tunneling field-effect transistor (LTFET) and are found to be superior. The proposed T-shape of device increases the tunneling cross-sectional area of the TTFET. This results in <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4.3\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> improvement in the drive current, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$4\boldsymbol \times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> improvement in the transconductance, and <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.36\times $ </tex-math></inline-formula> improvement in the cutoff frequency as compared to the LTFET. Besides this, the gate–drain overlapped structures of TTFET and LTFET reduce the ambipolarity of the device in comparison to the conventional LTFET. The distribution of source and channel of the TTFET in vertical direction enhances the scalability of the device.
The effect of Workers' Compensation on clinical outcomes of arthroscopic-assisted autogenous patellar tendon anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction in an acute population.

PURPOSE To assess the effect of Workers' Compensation (WC) benefits on subjective outcomes of patients following anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. TYPE OF STUDY Prospective study of ACL reconstruction with bone-patellar tendon-bone in an acute population. METHODS From October 1991 through June 1997, 1,015 patients underwent ACL reconstruction, 769 with bone-patellar tendon-bone autografts; 235 met the criteria for this study. All chronic injuries, failed and/or bilateral reconstructions were excluded making the total population 139. The final populations included 115 patients in a non-WC group and 24 patients in a WC group. Average follow-up for was 34.5 months for the WC group and 33.6 months for the non-WC group. All patients had equal objective evaluations, which allowed the subjective criteria to be analyzed. RESULTS The results revealed a significant difference in the subjective data of patients with WC benefits. Uniformly, WC patients rated subjective criteria as far worse than the non-WC group in postoperative stages. The average of the 15-item visual analog scale showed statistically significant (P <.01) differences between the WC and non-WC groups. Average postoperative Tegner scores were 3.05 for the WC group and 6.02 for the non-WC group, which was statistically significant. The WC group did not return to their preinjury Tegner score. CONCLUSIONS The data show that the patients' perception of their knee function drastically differs from the objective findings on examination; therefore, it should be anticipated that the WC patient might have lower subjective outcomes from surgical treatment when compared with their non-WC counterparts.
Glossopharyngeal neuralgia with cardiac syncope treated by glossopharyngeal rhizotomy and microvascular decompression.

A glossopharyngeal neuralgia case with cardiac asystole is presented. The sinus mode dysfunction and subsequent syncope with pain appears to be the most important life-threatening symptom in the late period of the disease. Because of cardiac symptoms induced by intense vagal stimulation, this case was considered to be vagoglossopharyngeal neuralgia. Several medical and surgical alternatives have been proposed for its treatment. In the presented case the cause of disease was compression of lower cranial nerves in the right cerebello-pontine angle (CPA) by the vertebro-basilar arterial system. Carbamazepine and pacing were determined ineffective, so the patient was treated surgically by cutting the glossopharyngeal nerve and by decompression of the vagal nerve at the CPA. The sinus arrest and paroxysmal pain attacks disappeared and the patient's life returned to normal.
Methane Oxidation and the Competition for Oxygen in the Rice Rhizosphere

ABSTRACT A mechanistic approach is presented to describe oxidation of the greenhouse gas methane in the rice rhizosphere of flooded paddies by obligate methanotrophic bacteria. In flooded rice paddies these methanotrophs compete for available O2 with other types of bacteria. Soil incubation studies and most-probable-number (MPN) counts of oxygen consumers show that microbial oxygen consumption rates were dominated by heterotrophic and methanotrophic respiration. MPN counts of methanotrophs showed large spatial and temporal variability. The most abundant methanotrophs (a Methylocystis sp.) and heterotrophs (a Pseudomonas sp. and aRhodococcus sp.) were isolated and characterized. Growth dynamics of these bacteria under carbon and oxygen limitations are presented. Theoretical calculations based on measured growth dynamics show that methanotrophs were only able to outcompete heterotrophs at low oxygen concentrations (frequently <5 μM). The oxygen concentration at which methanotrophs won the competition from heterotrophs did not depend on methane concentration, but it was highly affected by organic carbon concentrations in the paddy soil. Methane oxidation was severely inhibited at high acetate concentrations. This is in accordance with competition experiments betweenPseudomonas spp. and Methylocystis spp. carried out at different oxygen and carbon concentrations. Likely, methane oxidation mainly occurs at microaerophilic and low-acetate conditions and thus not directly at the root surface. Acetate and oxygen concentrations in the rice rhizosphere are in the critical range for methane oxidation, and a high variability in methane oxidation rates is thus expected.
Correlation filters with limited boundaries

Correlation filters take advantage of specific properties in the Fourier domain allowing them to be estimated efficiently: O(N D log D) in the frequency domain, versus O(D3 + N D2) spatially where D is signal length, and N is the number of signals. Recent extensions to correlation filters, such as MOSSE, have reignited interest of their use in the vision community due to their robustness and attractive computational properties. In this paper we demonstrate, however, that this computational efficiency comes at a cost. Specifically, we demonstrate that only 1/D proportion of shifted examples are unaffected by boundary effects which has a dramatic effect on detection/tracking performance. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to correlation filter estimation that: (i) takes advantage of inherent computational redundancies in the frequency domain, (ii) dramatically reduces boundary effects, and (iii) is able to implicitly exploit all possible patches densely extracted from training examples during learning process. Impressive object tracking and detection results are presented in terms of both accuracy and computational efficiency.
Relationship between smoking and weight control efforts among adults in the united states.

BACKGROUND The effect of weight control concerns on smoking among adults is unclear. We examined the association between smoking behavior and weight control efforts among US adults. METHODS A total of 17 317 adults responded to the Year 2000 Supplement of the 1995 National Health Interview Survey (83% combined response rate). Respondents provided sociodemographic and health information, including their smoking history and whether they were trying to lose weight, maintain weight, or gain weight. RESULTS Rates of smoking were lower among adults who were trying to lose or maintain weight than among those not trying to control weight (25% vs 31%; P<.001). After adjustment for sex, race, education, income, marital status, region of the country, and body mass index, the relationship between trying to lose weight and current smoking varied according to age. Among adults younger than 30 years, those trying to lose weight were more likely to smoke currently (odds ratio, 1.36 [95% confidence interval, 1.09-1.70]), whereas older adults trying to lose weight were as likely or less likely to smoke compared with adults not trying to control weight. After adjustment, smokers of all ages who were trying to lose weight were more likely to express a desire to quit smoking. Results were similar after stratification by sex and body mass index. CONCLUSIONS Adults younger than 30 years are more likely to smoke if they are trying to lose weight. However, smokers of all ages who are trying to lose weight are more likely to want to stop smoking. Patients' weight control efforts should not discourage clinicians from counseling about smoking cessation. Education about smoking and healthy weight control methods should target young adults.
Multifocal electroretinography in patients with Stargardt’s macular dystrophy

AIMS To describe the topography of multifocal electroretinograms (ERGs) and to explore its diagnostic value in patients with Stargardt’s macular dystrophy (SMD). METHODS 51 patients with SMD were examined by means of the m-sequence technique to characterise the topography of electroretinographic responses in the central visual field. The results were compared with data from 30 normal volunteers. RESULTS In 49 of 51 patients with SMD, macular electroretinographic activity was markedly diminished or non-detectable. Towards more peripheral areas, ERG responses of the SMD patients approached those of normals. Implicit times were not markedly delayed at any eccentricity. CONCLUSION In contrast with Ganzfeld electroretinography, multifocal electroretinography is useful to detect foveal dysfunction in SMD. Areas of dysfunction were found to be usually larger than expected from psychophysical measurements and morphological alteration. In early stages of the disease it was possible to detect foveal dysfunction, even in patients lacking morphological fundus changes and with good visual acuity.
Interactions of radio galaxies and the intracluster medium in Abell 160 and Abell 2462

We present Chandraand VLA observations of two galaxy clusters, Abell 160 and Abell 2462, whose brightest cluster galaxies (BCGs) host wide angle tailed radio galaxies (WATs). We search for evidence of interactions between the radio emission and the hot, X-ray emitting gas, and test various jet termination models. We find that bot h clusters have cool BCGs at the cluster centre, and that the scale of these cores (�30-40 kpc for both sources) is of approximately the same scale as the length of the radio jets. For both sources, the jet flaring point is coincident with a steepening in the host cluster’s temper ature gradient, and similar results are found for 3C465 and Hydra A. However, none of the published models of WAT formation offer a satisfactory explanation as to why this may be the case. Therefore it is unclear what causes the sudden transition between the jet and the plume. Without accurate modelling, we cannot ascertain whether the steepening of the temperature gradient is the main cause of the transition, or merely a tracer of an underlying process.