Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Alleviation of Adverse Effects of Salt Stress in Wheat by Foliar Treatment with Ascobin(SKNAU)

ENGLISH HINDHI . LIST OF TABLES Table No Particulars Page No 1 Effect of salinity and Ascobin on chlorophyll content of wheat ------2 Effect of salinity and Ascobin on relative water content of wheat ------3 Effect of salinity and Ascobin on cell membrane stability of wheat ------4 Effect of salinity and Ascobin on proline content of wheat ------5 Effect of salinity and ascobin on protein content of wheat ------6 Effect of salinity and ascobin on reducing sugar of wheat ------7 Effect of salinity and ascobin on plant height at harvest of wheat ------8 Effect of salinity and ascobin on number of effective tillers per plant at harvest of wheat ------9 Effect of salinity and ascobin on leaf area at anthesis stage of wheat ------10 Effect of salinity and ascobin on number of seeds per spike and number of spikes per plant of wheat ------11 Effect of salinity and ascobin on number of length of spike per plant and test weight of wheat -------
High Dimensional Dynamic Stochastic Copula Models

We build a class of copula models that captures time-varying dependence across large panels of financial assets. Our models nest Gaussian, Student’s t, grouped Student’s t, and generalized hyperbolic copulas with time-varying correlations matrices, as special cases. We introduce time-variation into the densities by writing them as factor models with stochastic loadings. The proposed copula models have flexible dynamics and heavy tails yet remain tractable in high dimensions due to their factor structure. Our Bayesian estimation approach leverages a recent advance in sequential Monte Carlo methods known as particle Gibbs sampling which can draw large blocks of latent variables efficiently and in parallel. We use this framework to model an unbalanced, 200-dimensional panel consisting of credit default swaps and equities for 100 US corporations. Our analysis shows that the grouped Student’s t stochastic copula is preferred over seven competing models.
Ethnopharmacological Approaches for Therapy of Jaundice: Part II. Highly Used Plant Species from Acanthaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Asteraceae, Combretaceae, and Fabaceae Families

In many developing countries, jaundice is the common symptom of hepatic diseases which are a major cause of mortality. The use of natural product-based therapies is very popular for such hepatic disorders. A great number of medicinal plants have been utilized for this purpose and some facilitated the discovery of active compounds which helped the development of new synthetic drugs against jaundice. However, more epidemiological studies and clinical trials are required for the practical implementation of the plant pharmacotherapy of jaundice. The focus of this second part of our review is on several of the most prominent plants used against jaundice identified in the analysis performed in the first part of the review viz. Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees, Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. , Terminalia chebula Retz. , Glycyrrhiza glabra L. and some species of genus Phyllanthus. Furthermore, we discuss their physiological effects, biologically active ingredients, and the potential mechanisms of action. Some of the most important active ingredients were silybin (also recommended by German commission), phyllanthin and andrographolide, whose action leads to bilirubin reduction and normalization of the levels of relevant serum enzymes indicative for the pathophysiological status of the liver.
Post-hemorrhagic shock mesenteric lymph activates human pulmonary microvascular endothelium for in vitro neutrophil-mediated injury: the role of intercellular adhesion molecule-1.

BACKGROUND Splanchnic hypoperfusion is believed to be central in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic shock-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure. Our previous work focused on the portal circulation as the conduit for gut-derived mediators of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Our current focus is the proinflammatory effects of postshock mesenteric lymph. We hypothesize that postshock lymph induces neutrophil (PMN)-mediated endothelial cell damage in an intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1)-dependent fashion, and devised a two-insult model to test this hypothesis. METHODS Rats (n > or = 5) underwent hemorrhagic shock (mean arterial pressure, 40 mm Hg for 30 minutes) and resuscitation (shed blood plus two times crystalloid) with lymph collection. Human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) were divided into three groups and grown to near confluence. Group 1 was incubated for 6 hours in 1% preshock or postshock lymph and ICAM-1 was measured by flow cytometry. Group 2 consisted of coculture of HMVECs and PMNs after endothelial cell activation to determine whether postshock lymph would stimulate PMN adherence. Group 3 was incubated under identical conditions, but PMNs were added for 30 minutes, and then activated with 4.5 micromol/L lysophosphatidylcholine (lyso-PC) for 1 hour to ascertain cytotoxicity. HMVEC density was measured using microscopy and recorded as HMVECs per millimeter squared. ICAM-1-blocking antibody and isotype control were used to assess the effects of ICAM-1 on PMN cytotoxicity. A buffer control was used for comparison using analysis of variance with Tukey's correction. RESULTS Postshock lymph activated HMVECs for increased surface expression of ICAM-1 and stimulated PMNs to adhere to endothelial cell monolayers. Activation of PMNs with lyso-PC in the presence of postshock lymph resulted in marked HMVEC death. The addition of an ICAM-1-blocking antibody abrogated this effect. Neither postshock lymph alone (758 +/- 35 HMVECs/mm(2)), nor postshock lymph in the presence of quiescent PMNs alone (734 +/- 28 HMVECs/mm(2)), nor lymph plus lyso-PC (834 +/- 21 HMVECs/mm(2)) provoked endothelial cell damage. CONCLUSION Postshock mesenteric lymph activates endothelial cells for increased ICAM-1 expression and PMN adherence. Furthermore, postshock lymph acts as an inciting event in a two-event in vitro model of PMN-mediated endothelial cell injury. These findings further substantiate the key mechanistic role of mesenteric lymph in hemorrhagic shock-induced acute lung injury and suggest that ICAM-1 expression is pivotal in the two-event model of multiple organ failure.
Energy-efficient content retrieval in mobile cloud

Mobile cloud computing (MCC) has recently been drawing increased attention in academia as well as industry. Content retrieval is a critical service, for many mobile cloud applications and in turns relies on other resources and tools, e.g., internal storage, content searching and sharing, etc. Previous studies have shown that conventional ICN interest query schemes and content searching architectures, if not properly designed, can cause significant performance degradation and energy consumption, especially for large scale MANETs. In this paper, we specifically address the scalability and energy efficiency of the content retrieval scheme in mobile cloud computing. We propose a direction-selective forwarding scheme for the content query method that decreases traffic overhead and energy cost caused by duplicate copies of the query packets. We also advocate the parallel search method of multiple caches to increase the hit rate. Simulation experiments show that the proposed scheme yields significant improvements in efficiency and scalability for the content retrieval in large scale MANETs.
Scalable and Efficient Web Search Result Diversification

It has been shown that top-k retrieval quality can be considerably improved by taking not only relevance but also diversity into account. However, currently proposed diversification approaches have not put much attention on practical usability in large-scale settings, such as modern web search systems. In this work, we make two contributions toward this goal. First, we propose a combination of optimizations and heuristics for an implicit diversification algorithm based on the desirable facility placement principle, and present two algorithms that achieve linear complexity without compromising the retrieval effectiveness. Instead of an exhaustive comparison of documents, these algorithms first perform a clustering phase and then exploit its outcome to compose the diverse result set. Second, we describe and analyze two variants for distributed diversification in a computing cluster, for large-scale IR where the document collection is too large to keep in one node. Our contribution in this direction is pioneering, as there exists no earlier work in the literature that investigates the effectiveness and efficiency of diversification on a distributed setup. Extensive evaluations on a standard TREC framework demonstrate a competitive retrieval quality of the proposed optimizations to the baseline algorithm while reducing the processing time by more than 80% and up to 97%, and shed light on the efficiency and effectiveness tradeoffs of diversification when applied on top of a distributed architecture.
Repair of Acute Achilles Tendon Rupture Using a Double-Ended Needle

Purpose. To compare the results of Achilles tendon repair using a standard open procedure or a minimally invasive technique using a double-ended needle, and to determine whether the latter technique reduces the incidence of sural nerve injury and soft-tissue complications. Methods. Between the period February 1995 and September 2000 inclusive, 68 consecutive patients with acute Achilles tendon rupture underwent surgical repair in our hospitals. A standard open repair was performed on 43 patients (mean age 36 years and range 17–74 years, 30 males), while 25 patients (mean age 34 years and range 19–68 years, 17 males) elected to undergo the minimally invasive procedure involving a double-ended needle. Postoperative protocols were identical for the 2 groups. Patients were assessed for re-rupture, calf muscle strength, calf atrophy, wound healing, and ability to return to pre-injury activity. The mean follow-up period was 65.5 (range, 34–90) months. Results. One late re-rupture and one sural nerve injury occurred in the standard open repair group. No re-rupture or sural nerve injury occurred in those having minimally invasive surgery, they also reported fewer complications related to wound healing and a shorter hospital stay. Calf atrophy was also significantly less in this group (p<0.05). Conclusion. This double-ended needle repair technique is simple and reproducible. The needle is easy to make using a standard mini Steinmann pin with minimal cost. Combined with appropriate rehabilitation, the technique achieves good results and is associated with a low morbidity and complications.
Computational aspects of preference aggregation

In a preference aggregation setting, a group of agents must jointly make a decision, based on the individual agents' privately known preferences. To do so, the agents need some protocol that will elicit this information from them, and make the decision. Examples include voting protocols, auctions, and exchanges. Mechanism design is the study of designing preference aggregation protocols in such a way that they work well in the face of strategic (self-interested) agents. In most real-world settings, mechanism design is confronted with various computational issues. One is the complexity of executing the mechanism. Particularly in expressive preference aggregation settings (such as combinatorial auctions), many mechanisms become hard to execute. Another is the complexity of designing the mechanism. When general mechanisms do not apply to, or are suboptimal for, the setting at hand, a custom mechanists needs to be designed for it, which is a nontrivial problem that is best solved by computer (automated mechanism design). Finally, there is the complexity of participating in the mechanism. In complex settings, agents with limited computational capabilities (bounded agents) will not necessarily be able to act optimally, which should be taken into account in the mechanism design process. My thesis statement is that we can employ the study of computational aspects of the mechanism design process to significantly improve the generated mechanisms in a hierarchy of ways, leading to better outcomes (and a more efficient process). The dissertation outlines this hierarchy, and illustrates and addresses representative issues at various levels of the hierarchy with new results. It also serves as a significant step towards a longer-term research goal: realizing a mechanism design approach that addresses all of these issues simultaneously, comprehensively, and optimally, in settings with real-world complexity.
DNA Damage Repair and Bacterial Pathogens

All species require DNA repair pathways to maintain the integrity of their genomes. Bacterial damage repair mechanisms have broader roles encompassing responses to stress, long-term colonization, as well as virulence. The SOS response regulates DNA repair and damage tolerance genes in many bacterial species. This article highlights the bacterial SOS response and its significance in bacterial adaptation and pathogenesis, as well as DNA damage responses provoked by bacterial pathogens in the mammalian host.
The relationship between electromyogram and muscle force

Some guidelines are given for the interpretation of the electromyogram (EMG). In static isometric contractions there is, usually a linear, relationship between muscle force and smoothed rectified EMG (SRE). It should be considered, however, that most of the time several muscles are active simultaneously around a joint. This finding implies that the relationship between the SRE of a single muscle and the total joint moment needs not be linear. During movements, the force-length-velocity relationship and the elastic properties of muscle should be taken into account. Also, EMGs during concentric movements are larger than those measured during isometric actions. A further consideration in relating force to EMG is that the force signal has a much lower frequency content than the rectified EMG. Finally, the limited speed of the activation and deactivation process results in a 50 to 200 ms delay of the muscle force relative to the EMG.
An Improvement Project in Reducing After-Visit Phone Calls in a Community Pediatric Neurology Clinic

Background and Objective Physicians strive to provide high-quality clinical care, yet after-visit patient telephone calls create extra demands on a clinician's time. Pediatric neurologists are particularly affected by this challenge given the number of patients with chronic illnesses they serve and the volume of worried parents they support. Added workload coupled with a busy office practice increases the likelihood of early physician burnout, which can have downstream effects on the quality of patient care and patient satisfaction. Using the IHI model for quality improvement (abbreviated QI moving forward), QI methodology was used to determine volume and key drivers of patient/family communications after a visit to a pediatric neurology clinic. Interventions aimed at reducing telephone messages by 15% over a 6-month period were put into place. Methods A baseline audit of clinic phone calls was completed in 2019 to develop an overview of after-visit communications. After-visit telephone calls and web-based portal messages were then tracked for 3-week periods in 2019, 2020, and 2021 to understand key trends. A key driver diagram of patient/family communications after a clinic visit was created, and interventions aimed at reducing telephone messages were discussed. These interventions included optimizing MD-RN workflows, synchronous and asynchronous educational initiatives, and changes to our clinic's voicemail phone tree. Our primary outcome measure was the average monthly telephone call volume, and this measure was tracked monthly from November 2020 through December 2022. Similarly, electronic portal message volume was tracked and served as our balancing measure. Results Physicians, nurses, and patients were primary drivers of phone call volume. After interventions were in place, the average monthly call volume decreased by 30% from a baseline of 293 calls to 203 calls. This change was sustained for at least 1 year. The average monthly portal message volume remained consistent throughout the study period at 359 messages. Discussion Both physicians and nurses agree that after-visit patient communication affects their workload. This study illustrates that QI methodology can be used to plan and implement interventions aimed at decreasing after-visit telephone calls.
Comparison of Neoadjuvant Nab-Paclitaxel+Carboplatin vs Nab-Paclitaxel+Gemcitabine in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Randomized WSG-ADAPT-TN Trial Results

Background Pathological complete response (pCR) is associated with improved prognosis in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). The optimal chemotherapy regimen is unclear. Weekly nab-paclitaxel vs conventional paclitaxel or addition of carboplatin to anthracycline-taxane results in higher pCR rates with uncertain survival impact. We evaluated carboplatin vs gemcitabine with a nab-paclitaxel backbone as a short 12-week A-free regimen with a focus on early response. Methods Patients with TNBC (estrogen receptor/progesterone receptor < 1%, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative, cT1c-cT4c, cN0/+) were randomly assigned to A: nab-paclitaxel 125 mg/m2/gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 d1,8 three times weekly (q3w); vs B: nab-paclitaxel 125 mg/m2/carboplatin AUC2 day 1,8 q3w. The trial was powered for a pCR (ypT0/is ypN0) comparison by therapy arm and early response (defined as Ki-67 decrease >30% or < 500 invasive tumor cells in the three-week serial biopsy). All statistical tests were two-sided. Results A total of 336 patients were enrolled (48 centers, arms A/B: n = 182/154). The median age was 50 years. At baseline (A vs B), 62.6% and 62.9% had cT2-4c tumors; 86.8% and 90.9% completed therapy per protocol, respectively. pCR favored arm B (28.7%, 95% CI = 0.22 to 0.36, vs 45.9%, 95% CI = 0.38 to 0.54; 95% CI(dBA) = 6.2% to 27.9%, P = . 002) and was lower in nonresponders than in early responders (19.5% vs 44.4%, P < .001) or in patients with unclassifiable early response (50.0%). The nab-paclitaxel/gemcitabine was associated with more frequent dose reductions (20.6% vs 11.9%, P = .04), treatment-related serious adverse events (11.1% vs 5.3%, P = .07), grade 3-4 infections (7.2% vs 2.6%, P = .07), and grade 3-4 ALAT elevations (11.7 vs 3.3%, P = .01). Conclusions This first large randomized trial suggests high efficacy and excellent tolerability of a neoadjuvant nab-paclitaxel/carboplatin regimen, superior to nab-paclitaxel/gemcitabine in TNBC. De-escalation of further chemotherapy in patients with early pCR after a short anthracycline-free regimen is a promising field of future research. Early necrotic morphological changes and/or proliferation decrease after the first therapy cycle seem to be associated with subsequent pCR.
Actuator outage fault detection for linear uncertain servo systems with nonzero bounded reference input

This paper studies the fault detection problem for linear uncertain systems with actuator outage faults. A state feedback controller and a detection weighting matrix are designed simultaneously, through which the closed-loop system is stabilized for both fault-free and actuator outage cases, and the actuator outage faults can be detected through the residual signal generated by recombining system states with the detection weighting matrix. Additionally, a set of isolation weighting matrices are designed to identify the locations of the actuators that are of outage, each corresponding to a particular actuator. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
Arabidopsis S-Sulfocysteine Synthase Activity Is Essential for Chloroplast Function and Long-Day Light-Dependent Redox Control[W]

S-sulfocysteine synthase is a newly discovered enzymatic activity located in chloroplasts of Arabidopsis thaliana. It plays an important role in chloroplast function and is essential for light-dependent redox regulation within the chloroplast. The loss of this activity results in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species and dramatic changes in phenotype that are dependent on the light regime. In bacteria, the biosynthesis of Cys is accomplished by two enzymes that are encoded by the cysK and cysM genes. CysM is also able to use thiosulfate as a substrate to produce S-sulfocysteine. In plant cells, the biosynthesis of Cys occurs in the cytosol, mitochondria, and chloroplasts. Chloroplasts contain two O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase homologs, which are encoded by the OAS-B and CS26 genes in Arabidopsis thaliana. An in vitro enzymatic analysis of the recombinant CS26 protein demonstrated that this isoform possesses S-sulfocysteine synthase activity and lacks O-acetylserine(thiol)lyase activity. In vivo functional analysis of this enzyme in knockout mutants demonstrated that mutation of CS26 suppressed the S-sulfocysteine synthase activity that was detected in the wild type; furthermore, the cs26 mutants exhibited a reduction in size and showed paleness, but penetrance of the growth phenotype depended on the light regime. The cs26 mutant plants also had reductions in chlorophyll content and photosynthetic activity (neither of which were observed in oas-b mutants) as well as elevated glutathione levels. However, cs26 leaves were not able to properly detoxify reactive oxygen species, which accumulated to high levels under long-day growth conditions. The transcriptional profile of the cs26 mutant revealed that the mutation had a pleiotropic effect on many cellular and metabolic processes. Our findings reveal that S-sulfocysteine and the activity of S-sulfocysteine synthase play important roles in chloroplast function and are essential for light-dependent redox regulation within the chloroplast.
Knowledge of genital herpes infection among antenatal clinic attendees in South-Eastern Nigeria.

BACKGROUND Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a major cause of genital ulcer disease worldwide and a significant factor for increased risk of acquisition and transmission of the Human Immune Deficiency Virus (HIV). The determination of the level of knowledge of genital herpes is necessary for the design and implementation of its specific preventive strategies as well as the reduction of the contribution of genital herpes to HIV transmission. OBJECTIVE To determine antenatal women's knowledge on genital herpes infection. DESIGN A cross sectional descriptive study. SETTING Antenatal clinic of Abia State University Teaching, Hospital, Aba, Nigeria. SUBJECTS Three hundred and fifty consecutive and consenting antenatal clinic attendees of Abia State University Teaching Hospital (ABSUTH), Aba, South Eastern, Nigeria. RESULTS Seventy nine respondents (22.6%) had ever heard of genital herpes whilst sixty two (17.7%) had ever had recurrent blisters around their genitals. Two hundred and sixteen respondents (61.7%) reported having had cold sores or blisters around the lips or mouth following an episode of fever. Seventy four (21.1%) of the respondents knew that the virus that causes cold sores or blisters can be sexually transmitted. Higher educational levels attained and occupations other than being a housewife or farmer were associated with a greater awareness of genital herpes (p < 0.05) among the subjects. CONCLUSION The antenatal attendees showed a poor knowledge of genital herpes infection. Discussion of genital herpes should be considered in the antenatal clinic setting along with the counselling of pregnant women regarding genital herpes, HIV infection and maternal-to-child transmission of both HSV and HIV.