Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Revisiting the role of miscue analysis in effective teaching

Miscue analysis has been used by teachers and reading specialists for more than 30 years. Its purpose is to reveal strengths and weaknesses in how children process text and thereby inform instruction for individual learners. But is it still a useful approach? The authors assert that miscue analysis can indeed be a useful tool, though not for all the reasons its advocates have asserted over the years. Instead, educators should use miscue analysis more narrowly to monitor children's use of particular strategies during reading, particularly as they move from context dependency to automatic decoding.
Does Policy Matter? On Governments' Attempts to Control Unwanted Migration

Public policy making on asylum takes place in an environment of intense public scrutiny, strong institutional constraints and international collective action problems. By assessing the relative importance of key pull factors of international migration, this article explains why, even when controlling for their differences in size, some states receive a much larger number of asylum seekers than others. The analysis of 20 OECD countries for the period 1985-1999 further shows that some of the most high profile public policy measures—safe third country provisions, dispersal and voucher schemes—aimed, at least in part, at deterring unwanted migration and at addressing the highly unequal distribution of asylum burdens have often been ineffective. This is because the key determinants of an asylum seeker’s choice of host country are historical, economic and reputational factors that largely lie beyond the reach of asylum policy makers. Finally, the paper argues that the effectiveness of unilateral policy measures will be further undermined by multilateral attempts to harmonise restrictive policies and that current efforts such as those by the European Union will consolidate, rather than effectively address, existing disparities in the distribution of asylum burdens.
Synchronization of two dimensional digital images using NMSE measure

The article presents a problem of impact of digital images' synchronization on readings of objective measures used to assess digital image quality. The authors propose a method of unifying results to ensure correlation of an objective assessment method with subjective ratings. The proposed algorithm is based on the Normalized Mean Square Error analysis (NMSE). The algorithm proposed in the article may be also used in other issues related to digital image processing.
Risk Assessment in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia and a Normal Karyotype

Purpose: The recognition of a number of leukemia-specific cytogenetic abnormalities and their role as independent prognostic factors have provided considerable insights into leukemia pathogenesis and have paved the way to adopt risk-adapted treatment. However, ∼50% of newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have a normal karyotype. There has therefore been much interest in identifying molecular markers that could help to improve the prognostic stratification of patients with normal-karyotype AML. Experimental Design: Consecutive untreated AML patients (n = 67) from a single institution all with normal karyotype were analyzed for the presence of mutations in the myeloid transcription factor gene CEBPA (for CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α), for internal tandem duplications (ITD) of the tyrosine kinase receptor gene FLT3 (for fms-like tyrosine kinase 3), and for expression of the BAALC gene (for brain and acute leukemia, cytoplasmic). Results: 17.9% of normal-karyotype AML had mutations in the CEBPA gene, and 28.4% had FLT3-ITD; 65.7% (44 of 67) had high BAALC expression and 34.3% (23 of 67) had low BAALC expression. Patients with CEBPA mutations had a very favorable course of their disease. Median disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were 33.5 and 45.5 months, respectively, compared with 10 (e.g., 12 months in patients without CEBPA mutations; P = 0.0017; P = 0.0007). AML patients with FLT3-ITD had significantly shorter median DFS (P = 0.0328) and OS (P = 0.0148) than patients without FLT3-ITD. High BAALC expression predicted for a shorter DFS (P = 0.0152) and OS (P = 0.0210) compared with AML with low BAALC expression; 53.7% of normal-karyotype AML had neither FLT3-ITD nor CEBPA mutations. We found that high BAALC expression in normal-karyotype AML with neither FLT3-ITD nor CEBPA mutations (18 of 67) indicates adverse prognosis for both DFS and OS (P = 0.0001; e.g., P = 0.0001) compared with the group with low BAALC expression and absent FLT3-ITD and CEBPA mutations (18 of 67). Thus, BAALC expression represents a novel prognostic marker particularly for normal-karyotype AML patients with neither FLT3-ITD nor CEBPA mutations. Conclusions: Assessment of CEBPA mutations, FLT3-ITD, and BAALC expression permits to split normal-karyotype AML into clinically distinct subgroups.
Between Conformity and Critique. Developing ‘Activism’ and Active Citizenship: Dangerous Pedagogies?

The authors discuss the concept of active/engaged citizenship from both Brazilian and Canadian perspectives and relate their discussion specifically to Language Teacher Education (LTE). The text, thus, centers on research, practices and theories on the issue, considering the socio-political histories of education and language teaching through which the development of such modes of citizenship reveal their relevance in the respective countries. Believing that ‘engaged citizenship’ can greatly contribute to programs that seek to foster critical literacies, the authors examine the potential for citizenship practices to promote social participation and ‘critical making’ in second/foreign language settings. As the authors argue, active citizenship work is always potentially “dangerous” (cf. Foucault)—a contradictory and delicate balance between conformity and critique when actualized in classroom settings. Specific examples from the classroom will be discussed and related to theory. Conformity is potentially realized when citizenship practices celebrate neoliberal approaches to volunteerism and self-reliance. Critique potentially arises when critical awareness of the state’s complicity in neoliberal values are integrated in teachers’ practices. In the former case, students are encouraged to affirm a reduced role for the state by valorizing volunteerism and self-reliance, while in the latter, they develop critical awareness of the state’s complicity in beliefs that affirm neoliberal values of self-reliance and reduced state responsibilities.
Intelligent Energy-Aware Networks

Today the energy consumption of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) industry is a significant contributor to the total energy demand in many developed countries. Recent studies show that the ICT industry is responsible for about 2% of the global emission of CO2 and this percentage is predicted to increase as the Internet expands in bandwidth and reach. In this chapter we highlight different approaches for energy efficiency in communication networks. Firstly we review the techniques proposed to reduce the energy consumption of communication networks at the equipment and network levels. Secondly we investigate the use of renewable energy to reduce the CO2 emission of IP over WDM networks. Issues including how to use renewable energy (solar in this work) more effectively, how to reduce the nonrenewable energy consumption of transponders (the second most energy consuming device in a node), how to select the location of nodes using renewable energy, and load dependent energy consumption are considered. Thirdly we discuss workload migration using virtualization technologies in data centers as an approach of energy consumption minimization. Finally we consider some of the photonic systems advances which have the potential to reduce significantly the energy consumption within Ethernet switches and IP routers in the datacenter, showing how integrated photonic switch fabrics are starting to have the performance required for energy efficient high switching applications.
Outsourcing Responsibility for Indulgent Food Consumption to Prevent Negative Affect

To many consumers, indulging in unhealthy treats is a “vice” and can cause unpleasant feelings, such as guilt. Nonetheless, consumers do not want to give up indulgences altogether and find ways to allow themselves guilt-free gratification. We propose a novel, calculated tactic that consumers use to avoid unpleasant feelings often associated with unhealthy eating. Four studies demonstrate that consumers proactively and strategically confer responsibility for indulgences to other people to prevent looming negative feelings about consuming the same item. In laboratory and field experiments, for unhealthy (compared to healthy) foods consumers exhibit a preference for being served a chosen food instead of serving themselves. Moderation and mediation show that this preference is driven by anticipated negative self-conscious affect, which gives rise to a motivation to avoid responsibility. Across our studies, people seek to alter the social context surrounding indulgent food consumption in this way, despite making their own food choices.
Searching for Faint Traces of Managerial Opportunism in French Diversifying Acquisitions

We are looking for traces of managerial opportunism in french diversifying acquisitions. Indeed, following various theories, diversification is seeking by managers. Furthermore, recent empiric evidences show that corporate diversification is value destructive for shareholders. Using classical OLS methodology with diversification, management ownership and performance variables, we find some evidence of managerial opportunism. But classical methodology presents two shortages. First, it supposed a unique sense of causality. In particular, firm diversification is supposed to impact firm performance without considering the inverse relationship (from performance to diversification). This one-way analysis can create biases in the estimated results. Second, this OLS methodology doesn? t permit to take simultaneously the relationship between our variables. Noticing that this classical methodology is not well adapted to the problem, we submit our data to a system of simultaneous equations. Using this system, according to us better adapted, the faint traces of managerial opportunism vanishes. This is the case in particular because the negative impact of diversification on performance disappears when we consider a non recursive relation between the variables. We derive others surprising results from our simultaneaous equations framework. Management stake in the equity can influence or be influenced by the performance depending on wether the performance is measured at the firm or at the operation (acquisition) level. Together, these results suggest that we have to be cautious when searching for managerial opportunism in sample and statistical studies. If manager opportunist inclination can be suspected in this kind of studies, it has to be distinguished from manager opportunist behavior which is far more difficult to exhibit.
Electrophysiological Evidence for Impaired Attentional Engagement with Phonologically Acceptable Misspellings in Developmental Dyslexia

Event-related potential (ERP) studies of word recognition have provided fundamental insights into the time-course and stages of visual and auditory word form processing in reading. Here, we used ERPs to track the time-course of phonological processing in dyslexic adults and matched controls. Participants engaged in semantic judgments of visually presented high-cloze probability sentences ending either with (a) their best completion word, (b) a homophone of the best completion, (c) a pseudohomophone of the best completion, or (d) an unrelated word, to examine the interplay of phonological and orthographic processing in reading and the stage(s) of processing affected in developmental dyslexia. Early ERP peaks (N1, P2, N2) were modulated in amplitude similarly in the two groups of participants. However, dyslexic readers failed to show the P3a modulation seen in control participants for unexpected homophones and pseudohomophones (i.e., sentence completions that are acceptable phonologically but are misspelt). Furthermore, P3a amplitudes significantly correlated with reaction times in each experimental condition. Our results showed no sign of a deficit in accessing phonological representations during reading, since sentence primes yielded phonological priming effects that did not differ between participant groups in the early phases of processing. On the other hand, we report new evidence for a deficient attentional engagement with orthographically unexpected but phonologically expected words in dyslexia, irrespective of task focus on orthography or phonology. In our view, this result is consistent with deficiency in reading occurring from the point at which attention is oriented to phonological analysis, which may underlie broader difficulties in sublexical decoding.
Application of 3-Dimensional Printing Technology to Construct an Eye Model for Fundus Viewing Study

Objective To construct a life-sized eye model using the three-dimensional (3D) printing technology for fundus viewing study of the viewing system. Methods We devised our schematic model eye based on Navarro's eye and redesigned some parameters because of the change of the corneal material and the implantation of intraocular lenses (IOLs). Optical performance of our schematic model eye was compared with Navarro's schematic eye and other two reported physical model eyes using the ZEMAX optical design software. With computer aided design (CAD) software, we designed the 3D digital model of the main structure of the physical model eye, which was used for three-dimensional (3D) printing. Together with the main printed structure, polymethyl methacrylate(PMMA) aspherical cornea, variable iris, and IOLs were assembled to a physical eye model. Angle scale bars were glued from posterior to periphery of the retina. Then we fabricated other three physical models with different states of ammetropia. Optical parameters of these physical eye models were measured to verify the 3D printing accuracy. Results In on-axis calculations, our schematic model eye possessed similar size of spot diagram compared with Navarro's and Bakaraju's model eye, much smaller than Arianpour's model eye. Moreover, the spherical aberration of our schematic eye was much less than other three model eyes. While in off- axis simulation, it possessed a bit higher coma and similar astigmatism, field curvature and distortion. The MTF curves showed that all the model eyes diminished in resolution with increasing field of view, and the diminished tendency of resolution of our physical eye model was similar to the Navarro's eye. The measured parameters of our eye models with different status of ametropia were in line with the theoretical value. Conclusions The schematic eye model we designed can well simulate the optical performance of the human eye, and the fabricated physical one can be used as a tool in fundus range viewing research.
The Sustained Delivery of Resveratrol or a Defined Grape Powder Inhibits New Blood Vessel Formation in a Mouse Model of Choroidal Neovascularization

The objective of this study was to determine whether resveratrol or a defined, reconstituted grape powder can attenuate the formation of new blood vessels in a mouse model of choroidal neovascularization (CNV). To accomplish this objective, C57BL/6J mice were randomized into control or treatment groups which received either resveratrol or grape powder by daily oral gavage, resveratrol or grape powder delivered ad libitum through the drinking water, or resveratrol by slow release via implanted osmotic pumps. A laser was used to rupture Bruch’s membrane to induce CNV which was then detected in sclerochoroidal eyecups stained with antibodies against intercellular adhesion molecule-2. CNV area was measured using fluorescence microscopy and Image J software. Ad libitum delivery of both resveratrol and grape powder was shown to significantly reduce the extent of CNV by 68% and 57%, respectively. Parallel experiments conducted in vitro demonstrated that resveratrol activates p53 and inactivates Akt/protein kinase B in choroidal endothelial cells, contributing to its anti-proliferative and anti-migratory properties. In addition resveratrol was shown to inhibit the formation of endothelial cell networks, augmenting its overall anti-angiogenic effects. The non-toxic nature of resveratrol makes it an especially attractive candidate for the prevention and/or treatment of CNV.
Effects of Exercise Interventions and Physical Activity Behavior on Cancer Related Cognitive Impairments: A Systematic Review

This systematic review analyzes current data on effects of exercise interventions and physical activity behavior on objective and subjective cancer related cognitive impairments (CRCI). Out of the 19 studies which met all inclusion criteria, five RCTs investigated rodents, whereas the other 14 trials explored humans and these included six RCTs, one controlled trial, two prospective noncontrolled trials, one case series, one observational study, and three cross-sectional studies. The results from animal models revealed positive effects of exercise during and after chemotherapy or radiation on structural alterations of the central nervous system, physiological as well as neuropsychological outcomes. The overall study quality in patient studies was poor. The current data on intervention studies showed preliminary positive effects of Asian-influenced movement programs (e.g., Yoga) with benefits on self-perceived cognitive functions as well as a reduction of chronic inflammation for breast cancer patients in the aftercare. Exercise potentially contributes to the prevention and rehabilitation of CRCI. Additional RCTs with standardized neuropsychological assessments and controlling for potential confounders are needed to confirm and expand preliminary findings.
A MODEL OF USER ADOPTION OF MOBILE PORTALS

The purpose of the study is to present a conceptual model of user adoption of mobile portals. This model identifies factors that may potentially influence an individual’s decision whether to start or continue utilizing wireless portals. The major distinction of the proposed model from those of prior MIS technology adoption projects is that it includes not only widely employed MIS constructs but also the perceived value construct of a mobile portal. This construct is adapted from the marketing literature. It reflects the perceived level of a wireless service quality relative to the airtime cost. The rationale for the introduction of perceived value in terms of an individual’s direct financial expenses lies in the unique nature of mobile communication device usage. The proposed model also identifies two individual-specific antecedents and five portal-specific antecedents of those key constructs because they may potentially explicate the variance of users’ perceptions of portal experiences. In addition, the paper presents a survey of real-life users of mobile portals, designs a questionnaire, and selects appropriate data-analysis techniques. CHAPTER 4
THE PERCEIVED VALUE OF BUILDING INFORMATION MODELING IN THE U . S . BUILDING INDUSTRY

Although measuring the business value of BIM has attracted the attention of practitioners and researchers, there has been a lack of consistent cost-benefit benchmarking associated with BIM process enhancements and innovations. An increase in the availability of cost-benefit information will be significant, as one of the primary motivators for professionals in the building industry to adopt new technologies is the opportunity for direct benefits in their own operations. This paper presents findings from an industry-wide online survey that was carried out in the spring of 2009. The study aims to understand the perceived value of BIM in the U.S. building industry, as seen by various participants in the industry. The survey specifically focuses on tangible benefits and costs associated with BIM use at the project level.
Movement Coupling at the Ankle During the Stance Phase of Running

The purpose of this study was to quantify movement coupling at the ankle during the stance phase of running using bone-mounted markers. Intracortical bone pins with reflective marker triads were inserted under standard local anaesthesia into the calcaneus and the tibia of five healthy male subjects. The three-dimensional rotations were determined using a joint coordinate system approach. Movement coupling was observed in all test subjects and occurred in phases with considerable individual differences. Between the shoe and the calcaneus coupling increased after midstance which suggested that the test shoes provided more coupling for inversion than for eversion. Movement coupling between calcaneus and tibia was higher in the first phase (from heel strike to midstance) compared with the second phase (from midstance to take-off). This finding is in contrast to previous in-vitro studies but may be explained by the higher vertical loads of the present in-vivo study. Thus, movement coupling measured at the bone level changed throughout the stance phase of running and was found to be far more complex than a simple mitered joint or universal joint model.
Relations Between the Conditional Normalized Maximum Likelihood Distributions and the Latent Information Priors

We reveal the relations between the conditional normalized maximum likelihood (CNML) distributions and Bayesian predictive densities based on the latent information priors (LIPs). In particular, CNML3, which is one type of CNML distributions, is investigated. The Bayes projection of a predictive density, which is an information projection of the predictive density on a set of Bayesian predictive densities, is considered. We prove that the sum of the Bayes projection divergence of CNML3 and the conditional mutual information is asymptotically constant. This result implies that the Bayes projection of CNML3 (BPCNML3) is asymptotically identical to the Bayesian predictive density based on LIP. In addition, under some stronger assumptions, we show that BPCNML3 exactly coincides with the Bayesian predictive density based on LIP.
Extending the definition of modularity to directed graphs with overlapping communities

Complex network topologies present interesting and surprising properties, such as community structures, which can be exploited to optimize communication, to find new efficient and context-aware routing algorithms or simply to understand the dynamics and meaning of relationships among nodes. Complex networks are gaining more and more importance as a reference model and are a powerful interpretation tool for many different kinds of natural, biological and social networks, where directed relationships and contextual belonging of nodes to many different communities is a matter of fact. This paper starts from the definition of a modularity function, given by Newman to evaluate the goodness of network community decompositions, and extends it to the more general case of directed graphs with overlapping community structures. Interesting properties of the proposed extension are discussed, a method for finding overlapping communities is proposed and results of its application to benchmark case-studies are reported. We also propose a new data set which could be used as a reference benchmark for overlapping community structures identification.