Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mapping Journalism Culture: A Theoretical Taxonomy and Case Studies from Indonesia

Given the persistent variation in the ways journalism works across cultural boundaries, researchers are often quick to speak of ‘journalistic’ or ‘ professional cultures’ without conceptual clarity. Consequently, ‘journalism culture’ has become an increasingly vague concept, inviting misunderstanding and theoretical ambiguity. This paper, therefore, introduces a taxonomy of journalism cultures, consisting of the territorial, essentialist, value-centered, milieu-specific, organizational and professional journalism cultures. Empirical evidence is provided for three of these cultures, drawing on data from a survey of 385 professional journalists in Indonesia. The results suggest that if culture has some kind of severe impact on journalism, it is not likely to appear on the level of the individual (micro) and organization (meso), but rather on the societal level (macro).
Underlying mechanisms linking music education and cognitive modifiability

This study evaluated the impact of a music program designed to foster cognitive development and social esteem among high-risk elementary school children. Addressing the central question of how music education may help children develop general learning skills, the research design interconnected between three components: (1) the content of the music lessons; (2) interactive, educational frameworks (mediated learning environments); and (3) specific learning skills to be fostered during the music lessons. All of the participants (N = 81) attended the Jaffa Institute Child-Care Centers. Children in the experimental group (n = 45) partook in two to three hours a week of music enrichment (music appreciation, performance, creativity) conducted within mediated learning environments over a period of 2 years, while children in the control group (n = 36) did not. Pre and post assessments evaluated the development of cognitive skills (Raven, Complex Figure Tests) and social esteem (Fitts). Results indicated significant differences between the groups in the development of the targeted cognitive skills.
The prognosis for patients with new-onset angina who have undergone cardiac catheterization.

We investigated the prognostic significance of new-onset angina in patients in whom coronary anatomic characteristics were known. New onset angina was defined as angina of less than 3 months duration. Consecutive patients (n = 1727) with significant coronary artery disease (diagnosed at cardiac catheterization) and who had not had a prior myocardial infarction or congestive heart failure were studied. In patients with new-onset angina (n = 329) there was a higher incidence of single-vessel disease (43% vs 27%) and a lower incidence of triple-vessel (23% vs 35%) and left main artery (5% vs 10%) disease compared with patients with chronic angina (n = 1398). Patients were classified by the presence or absence of preinfarction angina (severe and prolonged angina at rest requiring hospitalization to rule out myocardial infarction). In patients treated without surgery and who did not have preinfarction angina, survival at 1 year was 97% for patients with new-onset angina and 98% for those with chronic angina (p = .27). Among patients not treated surgically who did not have preinfarction angina, at 1 year 16% with new-onset angina and 7% with chronic angina had suffered a cardiac event (nonfatal myocardial infarction or death, p = .006). In patients treated surgically who did not have preinfarction angina, survival at 1 year was 96% both for those with new-onset angina and those with chronic angina (p = .99). The risk of an event in patients treated surgically at 1 year was not statistically different in patients with new-onset angina and those with chronic angina (12% vs 11%, p = .27). Survival and event-free rates were lower in patients with preinfarction angina than in patients who did not have it. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Steering a class of redundant mechanisms through end-effector generalized forces

A particular class of underactuated systems is obtained by considering kinematically redundant manipulators for which all joints are passive and the only available inputs are forces/torques acting on the end-effector. Under the assumption that the degree of redundancy is provided by prismatic joints located at the base, we address the problem of steering the robot between two arbitrary equilibrium configurations. By performing a preliminary partial feedback linearization, the dynamic equations take a convenient triangular form, which is further simplified under additional hypotheses. We give sufficient conditions for controllability of this kind of mechanisms. With a PPR robot as a case study, an algorithm is proposed for computing end-effector commands that produce the desired reconfiguration in finite time. Simulation results and a discussion on possible generalizations are given.
Spindle Power Is Not Affected after Spontaneous K-Complexes during Human NREM Sleep

K-complexes and sleep spindles often grouped together characterize the second stage of NREM sleep and interest has been raised on a possible interaction of their underlying mechanisms. The reported inhibition of spindles power for about 15 seconds following evoked K-complexes has implications on their role in arousal. Our objective was to assess this inhibition following spontaneous K-complexes. We used time-frequency analysis of spontaneous K-complexes selected from whole-night EEG recordings of normal subjects. Our results show that spindles are most often observed at the positive phase following the peak of a spontaneous KC (70%). At latencies of 1–3 s following the peak of the K-complex, spindles almost disappear. Compared to long-term effects described for evoked KCs, sleep spindle power is not affected by spontaneous KCs for latencies of 5–15 s. Observation of the recurrence rate of sporadic spindles suggests that the reduction of power at 1–3 s most likely reflects a refractory period of spindles lasting for 1–2 s, rather than an effect of KCs. These results suggest that the mechanisms underlying spontaneous KCs do not affect spindle power as in the case of evoked KCs.
Usefulness of Dismissing and Changing the Coach in Professional Soccer

Whether a coach dismissal during the mid-season has an impact on the subsequent team performance has long been a subject of controversial scientific discussion. Here we find a clear-cut answer to this question by using a recently developed statistical framework for the team fitness and by analyzing the first two moments of the effect of a coach dismissal. We can show with an unprecedented small statistical error for the German soccer league that dismissing the coach within the season has basically no effect on the subsequent performance of a team. Changing the coach between two seasons has no effect either. Furthermore, an upper bound for the actual influence of the coach on the team fitness can be estimated. Beyond the immediate relevance of this result, this study may lead the way to analogous studies for exploring the effect of managerial changes, e.g., in economic terms.
The Sym35 Gene Required for Root Nodule Development in Pea Is an Ortholog of Nin from Lotus japonicus 1

Comparative phenotypic analysis of pea (Pisum sativum) sym35 mutants and Lotus japonicus nin mutants suggested a similar function for thePsSym35 and LjNin genes in early stages of root nodule formation. Both the pea and L.japonicus mutants are non-nodulating but normal in their arbuscular mycorrhizal association. Both are characterized by excessive root hair curling in response to the bacterial microsymbiont, lack of infection thread initiation, and absence of cortical cell divisions. To investigate the molecular basis for the similarity, we cloned and sequenced the PsNin gene, taking advantage of sequence information from the previously cloned LjNin gene. An RFLP analysis on recombinant inbred lines mapped PsNinto the same chromosome arm as the PsSym35 locus and direct evidence demonstrating that PsNin is thePsSym35 gene was subsequently obtained by cosegregation analysis and sequencing of three independent Pssym35mutant alleles. L. japonicus and pea root nodules develop through different organogenic pathways, so it was of interest to compare the expression of the two orthologous genes during nodule formation. Overall, a similar developmental regulation of thePsNin and LjNin genes was shown by the transcriptional activation in root nodules of L. japonicus and pea. In the indeterminate pea nodules,PsNin is highly expressed in the meristematic cells of zone I and in the cells of infection zone II, corroborating expression of LjNin in determinate nodule primordia. At the protein level, seven domains, including the putative DNA binding/dimerization RWP-RK motif and the PB1 heterodimerization domain, are conserved between the LjNIN and PsNIN proteins.
Service Outsourcing

This article reviews the Operations Management (OM) research on service outsourcing, a common practice among today’s businesses. We focus on recent literature in three areas: capacity planning and supplier coordination, service outsourcing under information asymmetry, and quality concerns. Additionally, a mathematical framework is presented that can be used to analyze service outsourcing supply chains. We conclude with discussions on some promising future research areas.
A Comparison of Eyewitness and Physical Evidence on Mock-Juror Decision Making

Two studies compared the effectiveness of eyewitness testimony and physical evidence on mock-juror decision making. Jury-eligible participants were randomly assigned to read one of eight versions of a hypothetical murder scenario and were each asked to render a verdict, to recommend a sentencing option, and to make other evaluative judgments of the defendant. In Study 1, either eyewitness testimony or physical evidence was presented, whereas in Study 2, both types of evidence were presented together. Also, in both studies, the strength of evidence varied. Log linear analysis confirmed that mock jurors’ verdicts and evaluative judgments were influenced to a greater extent by physical evidence than by eyewitness testimony. Strong evidence produced more guilty verdicts than weak evidence. However, combining strong evidence of both types was no more effective than presenting strong evidence of either type. Implications of these factors for prosecutors and defense attorneys in criminal proceedings are discussed.
Proximity of Clothing to Self: Evolution of a Concept

Proximity of clothing to self is a multifaceted concept conceived as the psychological closeness of clothing to self and indicated by the extent to which clothing is (1) perceived as one with the self or as a component of the self, (2) recognized as an aspect of appearance by which the self is established and validated, (3) recognized as a significant symbol of one's identity, mood, or attitude, (4) perceived as an expression of self-regard or self-worth, (5) recognized as an element of an affective response to self-evaluation, or (6) related to body cathexis. Perceptions were obtained by asking 116 wives and 116 husbands to respond to an open-ended question regarding their reasons for feeling as they do about their clothing. A three-point rating scale, the first version o f the Proximity o f Clothing to Self Scale (hereafter cited as PCS Scale) was developed as an indicator o f the concept. Points on the PCS Scale were ordered and described by degree of agreement and explicitness of the perception of the six elements of proximity of clothing to self. Responses possessing one or more o f these six elements were assigned to one o f the three points on the PCS Scale by two trained coders and an arbiter. Intercoder reliability determined by two methods was . 90 and . 89. On the basis of this scaling procedure, four nominal groups were formed: high PCS women, high PCS men, low PCS women, and low PCS men. Affective evaluation of clothing and affective evaluation of self were separately measured using a seven-point Delighted- Terrible Scale. The correlation between these two variables was substantially higher for those scaled with high proximity of clothing to self than for those scaled with low proximity of clothing to self. This result lends construct validity to the PCS Scale as an indicator of proximity of clothing to self. Recommendations are made for refinement of the concept and the PCS Scale.
Gaussian Processes for Machine Learning (GPML) Toolbox

The GPML toolbox provides a wide range of functionality for Gaussian process (GP) inference and prediction. GPs are specified by mean and covariance functions; we offer a library of simple mean and covariance functions and mechanisms to compose more complex ones. Several likelihood functions are supported including Gaussian and heavy-tailed for regression as well as others suitable for classification. Finally, a range of inference methods is provided, including exact and variational inference, Expectation Propagation, and Laplace's method dealing with non-Gaussian likelihoods and FITC for dealing with large regression tasks.
World Asset Markets and the Global Financial Cycle

We find that one global factor explains an important part of the variance of a large cross section of returns of risky assets around the world. Using a model with heterogeneous investors, we interpret the global factor as reflecting aggregate realised variance and the time-varying degree of market-wide risk aversion. A medium-scale Bayesian VAR allows us to analyse the workings of the "Global Financial Cycle", i.e. the interaction between US monetary policy, real activity and global financial variables such as credit spreads, cross-border credit flows, bank leverage and the global factor in asset prices. We find evidence of large monetary policy spillovers from the US to the rest of the world.
Selegiline Transdermal System (STS) for HIV-Associated Cognitive Impairment: Open-Label Report of ACTG 5090

Abstract Objective: To assess the long-term safety (primary aim) and efficacy (secondary aim) of the MAO-B inhibitor Selegiline Transdermal System (STS) for the treatment of HIV-associated cognitive impairment. Background: HIV infection is associated with increased oxidative stress. In vitro and animal studies have shown that selegiline can reduce oxidative stress levels while enhancing the synthesis of neurotrophic factors. We conducted and reported a 24-week, double-blind, placebo-controlled study with STS in HIV-infected individuals with cognitive impairment (ACTG 5090). We now report the results of the 24-week open-label follow-up. Method: Subjects received either 3 mg/24 h or 6 mg/24 h STS daily. The primary efficacy endpoint was changes in the mean of z scores of six neuropsychological tests (NPZ-6). Additional outcomes included NPZ-8 and NPZ scores by cognitive domain. Results: 86 subjects were enrolled. There were few severe adverse experiences (n = 13). There was no significant change in NPZ-6 score, whereas significant changes were observed in NPZ-8 score and several cognitive domains. Conclusion: Long-term use of selegiline was safe and well tolerated in this HIV cohort of HIV with cognitive impairment. Cognitive improvement may be delayed in neuroprotective trials, suggesting that trials longer than 6 months may be necessary to assess the efficacy of putative neuroprotective agents.
A study of directional MEMS dual-fences gauge

In this paper, MEMS surface fence gauges are developed to measure simultaneously the magnitude and direction of wall shear stress in wind tunnel under two-dimensional turbulent boundary layers. The dual-fences are packaged together orthogonal to each other. In order to avoid the mutual influence caused by the flow field disturbance, the optimization analysis of the relative location of the two fences is carried out, and the simulation results indicate that the coupling influence between dual-fences was basically eliminated while the separation distance of two fences is four times its own length. Comparison experiments are made to verify the correctness of the flow simulation results, and the directional sensitivities of dual MEMS surface fence are calibrated, which indicated that MEMS dual-fences are equipped to distinguish direction of wall shear stress.
The Media and the Public Sphere

A slide fastener for installation on a garment wherein the carrier tapes carry layers of liquid activated adhesive such that the slide fastener can be temporarily held in place by moistening the layers of liquid activated adhesive prior to permanent installation of the slide fastener on the garment by sewing or by applying heat to layers of heat bondable adhesive carried on the carrier tapes.
IRM: Integrated File Replication and Consistency Maintenance in P2P Systems

In peer-to-peer file sharing systems, file replication and consistency maintenance are widely used techniques for high system performance. Despite significant interdependencies between them, these two issues are typically addressed separately. Most file replication methods rigidly specify replica nodes, leading to low replica utilization, unnecessary replicas and hence extra consistency maintenance overhead. Most consistency maintenance methods propagate update messages based on message spreading or a structure without considering file replication dynamism, leading to inefficient file update and hence high possibility of outdated file response. This paper presents an Integrated file replication and consistency maintenance mechanism (IRM), that integrates the two techniques in a systematic and harmonized manner. It achieves high efficiency in file replication and consistency maintenance at a significantly lower cost. Instead of passively accepting replica and update, each node determines file replication and update polling by dynamically adapting to time-varying file query and update rates, which avoids unnecessary file replications and updates. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of IRM in comparison with other approaches. It dramatically reduces overhead and yields significant improvements on the efficiency of both file replication and consistency maintenance approaches.
Alignment of 3D point clouds with a dominant ground plane

This paper reports on a novel two-step algorithm for the estimation of full 6-degree-of-freedom (DOF) [t<inf>x</inf>, t<inf>y</inf>, t<inf>z</inf>, θ<inf>x</inf>, θ<inf>y</inf>, θ<inf>z</inf>] rigid body transformation between any two overlapping point-clouds that have a dominant ground plane. We first estimate the ground plane (X-Y plane) from the two 3D point-clouds and align them to obtain a good estimate of the distance between the ground planes (i.e. t<inf>z</inf>) and rotations θ<inf>x</inf> and θ<inf>y</inf> about the X and Y axis respectively using the Rodrigues rotation formula. The remaining parameters (t<inf>x</inf>, t<inf>y</inf>, θ<inf>z</inf>) are then estimated by maximizing the total mutual information (MI) between the 2D feature maps generated from the multi-modal sensor data. Experimental results using scans obtained by a vehicle equipped with a 3D laser scanner and an omnidirectional camera are used to validate the robustness of the proposed algorithm over a wide range of initial conditions. The proposed method provides an efficient framework for multi-modal sensor data fusion and provides a robust solution to the scan alignment problem.
Association between day of delivery and obstetric outcomes: observational study

Study question What is the association between day of delivery and measures of quality and safety of maternity services, particularly comparing weekend with weekday performance? Methods This observational study examined outcomes for maternal and neonatal records (1 332 835 deliveries and 1 349 599 births between 1 April 2010 and 31 March 2012) within the nationwide administrative dataset for English National Health Service hospitals by day of the week. Groups were defined by day of admission (for maternal indicators) or delivery (for neonatal indicators) rather than by day of complication. Logistic regression was used to adjust for case mix factors including gestational age, birth weight, and maternal age. Staffing factors were also investigated using multilevel models to evaluate the association between outcomes and level of consultant presence. The primary outcomes were perinatal mortality and—for both neonate and mother—infections, emergency readmissions, and injuries. Study answer and limitations Performance across four of the seven measures was significantly worse for women admitted, and babies born, at weekends. In particular, the perinatal mortality rate was 7.3 per 1000 babies delivered at weekends, 0.9 per 1000 higher than for weekdays (adjusted odds ratio 1.07, 95% confidence interval 1.02 to 1.13). No consistent association between outcomes and staffing was identified, although trusts that complied with recommended levels of consultant presence had a perineal tear rate of 3.0% compared with 3.3% for non-compliant services (adjusted odds ratio 1.21, 1.00 to 1.45). Limitations of the analysis include the method of categorising performance temporally, which was mitigated by using a midweek reference day (Tuesday). Further research is needed to investigate possible bias from unmeasured confounders and explore the nature of the causal relationship. What this study adds This study provides an evaluation of the “weekend effect” in obstetric care, covering a range of outcomes. The results would suggest approximately 770 perinatal deaths and 470 maternal infections per year above what might be expected if performance was consistent across women admitted, and babies born, on different days of the week. Funding, competing interests, data sharing The research was partially funded by Dr Foster Intelligence and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Imperial Patient Safety Translational Research Centre in partnership with the Health Protection Research Unit (HPRU) in Healthcare Associated Infection and Antimicrobial Resistance at Imperial College London. WLP was supported by the National Audit Office.
Rule-dependent Activity for Prosaccades and Antisaccades in the Primate Prefrontal Cortex

Everyday life typically requires behavior that involves far more than simple stimulus-response associations. Environmental cues are often ambiguous and require different actions depending on the situation. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is thought to be crucial for this flexible control of behavior. An important task that probes this ability is the antisaccade task in which subjects have to suppress a glance towards a suddenly presented peripheral stimulus and instead look away from the stimulus to its mirror location. Here we recorded the activity of PFC neurons in monkeys trained to alternate between blocks of prosaccade and antisaccade trials with no external instruction cues. We found that the activity of many neurons was different between the two tasks during the fixation period before the peripheral stimulus was presented. These differences were already present on the first correct trials after a task switch. The activity of these neurons also discriminated between correct responses and errors. We hypothesize that the PFC provides bias signals to saccade-related areas that are necessary to preset the oculomotor system for different tasks.