Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatic scoring of online discussion posts

Online discussions forums, known as forums for short, are conversational social cyberspaces constituting rich repositories of content and an important source of collaborative knowledge. However, most of this knowledge is buried inside the forum infrastructure and its extraction is both complex and difficult. The ability to automatically rate postings in online discussion forums, based on the value of their contribution, enhances the ability of users to find knowledge within this content. Several key online discussion forums have utilized collaborative intelligence to rate the value of postings made by users. However, a large percentage of posts go unattended and hence lack appropriate rating. In this paper, we focus on automatic rating of postings in online discussion forums. A set of features derived from the posting content and the threaded discussion structure are generated for each posting. These features are grouped into five categories, namely (i) relevance, (ii) originality, (iii) forum-specific features, (iv) surface features, and (v) posting-component features. Using a non-linear SVM classifier, the value of each posting is categorized into one of three levels High, Medium, or Low. This rating represents a seed value for each posting that is leveraged in filtering forum content. Experimental results have shown promising performance on forum data.
Polymorphism of the DNA Base Excision Repair Genes in Keratoconus

Keratoconus (KC) is a degenerative corneal disorder for which the exact pathogenesis is not yet known. Oxidative stress is reported to be associated with this disease. The stress may damage corneal biomolecules, including DNA, and such damage is primarily removed by base excision repair (BER). Variation in genes encoding BER components may influence the effectiveness of corneal cells to cope with oxidative stress. In the present work we genotyped 5 polymorphisms of 4 BER genes in 284 patients and 353 controls. The A/A genotype of the c. –1370T>A polymorphism of the DNA polymerase γ (POLG) gene was associated with increased occurrence of KC, while the A/T genotype was associated with decreased occurrence of KC. The A/G genotype and the A allele of the c.1196A>G polymorphism of the X-ray repair cross-complementing group 1 (XRCC1) were associated with increased, and the G/G genotype and the G allele, with decreased KC occurrence. Also, the C/T and T as well as C/C genotypes and alleles of the c.580C>T polymorphism of the same gene displayed relationship with KC occurrence. Neither the g.46438521G>C polymorphism of the Nei endonuclease VIII-like 1 (NEIL1) nor the c.2285T>C polymorphism of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) was associated with KC. In conclusion, the variability of the XRCC1 and POLG genes may play a role in KC pathogenesis and determine the risk of this disease.
All That Glitters is not Gold: A Critically-Constructive Analysis of Positive Organizational Behavior

Positive Organizational Behavior (POB) is taking its momentum in management studies, but it is far from its fullest potential as it is not yet developing integrative comprehensive explanatory models of organizational behavior. This article discusses the biased character of POB revealed in its focus on the positive outcomes of positive psychological capabilities and lack of consideration for the negative side of positive capabilities. We argue that this results from a confirmatory bias also featured in mainstream psychology towards the negative outputs of negative psychological states. We discuss counterintuitive empirical evidence that positive psychological capabilities can produce either positive or negative outputs the same way negative psychological states do. On that basis, we propose three new avenues for further advancement of POB: exploring nonlinear frameworks, focusing on contextual relations, and adopting counterintuitive research techniques.
The new standards framework for Scottish teachers: facilitating or constraining reflective practice?

This article describes the development of the new framework of professional standards for Scottish teachers as an attempt to enhance professional learning and development and promote a model of extended professionalism within which reflective practice is a clear expectation. In particular, it focuses on the derivation of the standard through a four‐stage research process that yielded a model of chartered teacher comprising four principal elements: professional values and commitments; professional knowledge and understanding; professional attributes; and abilities and professional action. The model is discussed and its implications for reflective practice are examined. The idea that defining professional standards may serve to facilitate rather than constrain professional development is not uncontested. However, the article argues that professional standards, defined authentically to reflect the voices of teachers, can indeed foster reflective practice and that the current professional context in Scotland provides opportunities which may facilitate the development of collaborative forms of reflective teaching.
Allograft-prosthesis Composites after Bone Tumor Resection at the Proximal Tibia

The survival of irradiated allograft-prosthesis composites at the proximal tibia is mostly unknown. However, allograft-prosthesis composites have proved beneficial at other reconstruction sites. We presumed allograft-prosthesis composites at the proximal tibia would improve survival and facilitate reattachment of the extensor mechanism compared with that of conventional (megaprostheses) reconstructions. We retrospectively reviewed 26 patients who underwent resection of proximal tibia tumors followed by reconstruction with allograft-prosthesis composites. Patients received Guepar® massive custom-made fully constrained prostheses. Allografts were sterilized with gamma radiation, and the stems were cemented into the allograft and host bone. The minimum followup was 6 months (median, 128 months; range, 6-195 months). Fourteen patients had one or more components removed. The median allograft-prosthesis composite survival was 102 months (95% confidence interval, 64.2-infinity). Of the 26 allografts, seven fractured, six showed signs of partial resorption, and six had infections develop. Seven allografts showed signs of fusion with the host bone. Six extensor mechanism reconstructions failed. Allograft-prosthesis composites sterilized by gamma radiation yielded poor results for proximal tibial reconstruction as complications and failures were common. We do not recommend irradiated allograft-prosthesis composites for proximal tibia reconstruction.Level of Evidence: Level IV, therapeutic study. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
Effects of new leptons in electroweak precision data

We obtain limits on generic vectorlike leptons at the TeV scale from electroweak precision tests. These limits are complementary to the ones obtained from lepton flavor violating processes. In general, the quality of the global electroweak fit is comparable to the one for the standard model. In the case of an extra neutrino singlet mixing with the muon or electron, the global fit allows for a relatively large Higgs mass (M{sub H} < or approx. 260 GeV at 90% C.L.), thus relaxing the tension between the direct CERN LEP limit and the standard model fit.
Apoptosis in the areas of squamous differentiation of irritated seborrheic keratosis

Seborrheic keratosis (SK) consists of a localized proliferation of basaloid keratinocytes, often accompanied by hyperkeratosis and hyperpigmentation. In irritated SK, these features are associated with areas of squamous differentation with larger keratinocytes and squamous cell eddies. This work is concerned with the evaluation of apoptosis, as demonstrated by the TUNEL method, in the different varieties of SK. Apoptosis was highly expressed in the areas of squamous differentiation of irritated SK, but only mildly increased in the other varieties of SK. These data support the hypothesis that apoptosis has a role in the squamous differentiation of irritated SK. In consideration also of previous data showing that irritated SK is associated with downregulation of EGF‐R expression and 125I‐EGF binding, we postulate that the morphologic features of irritated SK could correspond to an involution phase of the disease, characterized by altered cell balance with inadequate cell renewal and increased cell loss.
Embracing the diversity of practice: indigenous knowledge and mainstream social work practice

This paper examines the way in which Maori cultural frameworks have influenced mainstream social work practice. Using the example of indigenous practice developed by Maori social workers in Aotearoa New Zealand, the paper explores five sets of constructs that have provided a framework for thinking in mainstream social work practice. These constructs bring a richness to practice which encourages practitioners to critically reflect on the philosophies and practice knowledge that inform their work with clients. Of particular significance is building an understanding of the ways in which context shapes experience and the implications this has for practice. These emerging perspectives in mainstream practice have the potential to create practice that is more responsive to diverse populations and that recognises the central place of cultural frameworks in effective social work practice.
Political activism, racial identity and the commercial endorsement of athletes

With a focus on African American male athletes as product endorsers, the purpose of this study was to examine the influence of activism type and level of racial identity on perceptions of trustworthiness and athlete-product fit. Participants (N = 73 White undergraduate students) participated in a 2 (activism type: anti-obesity, anti-war) × 2 (level of racial identity: low, high) experimental study. Results indicate that perceptions of trustworthiness were highest when the athlete was engaged in non-controversial activism and had a strong racial identity. These perceptions were significantly associated with endorser-product (i.e. New Balance shoes) fit, even beyond the effects of activism type, level of racial identity, and athlete attractiveness. Results are discussed in terms of theoretical and practical implications.
The (im)possibilities of clinical democracy

Abstract In this article, we argue that homogenising discussions of medical dominance on the meta-level of professions do not fully capture the complexity that characterises current clinical care in multidisciplinary health care teams. We illustrate this through an empirical study of a multidisciplinary team attempting to enact their work in a clinically democratic way. The challenges that arose in putting this into practice highlight the depth and complexity of enculturated medical dominance in Australian hospital practice. Our study shows that effective facilitation of clinician reflexivity has the potential to challenge and change deeply embedded structures and behaviours.
PREDICTING BASIC TRAINING ATTRITION

Given the considerable resources spent by military organizations on the training of new recruits, understanding the factors that lead to the successful completion of training is of utmost importance. A previous analysis of recruits who enrolled in the Canadian Forces (CF) between 2003 and 2005 emphasized the significance of good overall health (e.g., excellent self-rated health, minimal somatisation) and resilient personality (e.g., high mastery, low neuroticism), in addition to background factors, over more specific aspects of health and lifestyle as predictors of attrition from basic training (Lee, McCreary, & Villeneuve, 2010). In 2006, pre-enrolment physical fitness screening was eliminated and an in-house training program was initiated at the recruit school to help those recruits who do not meet the minimum standard for enrolment into basic training reach acceptable levels of physical fitness. In turn, this policy change has led to concerns about the health status, injury risk, and attrition rates of new recruits (Attrition and Retention Team of DGMPRA, 2009). The purpose of the present study was to re-examine the risk factors for basic training attrition among recruits who enrolled under this new policy. Baseline health data from over 6,000 CF recruits (85% men) collected using the CF Recruit Health Questionnaire (RHQ) between 2007 and 2008 were linked with administrative data on basic training releases. Logistic regression analyses emphasized the importance of a similar set of background and personality factors as predictors of basic training attrition as did the previous analysis. However, results demonstrated a greater importance of BMI and lifestyle (e.g., smoking, alcohol use, physical activity) in this group of recruits. Potential factors contributing to differences between results of this analysis and of the previous analysis will be discussed.
Hypoglossal-facial anastomosis (HFA) over a 10 mm gap bridged by a Y-tube-conduit enhances neurite regrowth and reduces collateral axonal branching at the lesion site.

PURPOSE The outcome of severe peripheral nerve injuries requiring surgical repair (transection and suture) is usually poor. Recent work suggests that direct suture of nerves increases collagen production and provides unfavourable conditions for a proper axonal regrowth. We tested whether entubulation of the hypoglossal nerve into a Y-tube conduit connecting it with the zygomatic and buccal facial nerve branches would improve axonal pathfinding at the lesion site, quality of muscle reinnervation and recovery of vibrissal whisking. METHODS For hypoglossal-facial anastomosis (HFA) over a Y-tube (HFA-Y-tube) the proximal stump of the hypoglossal nerve was entubulated and sutured into the long arm of a Y-tube (isogeneic abdominal aorta with its bifurcation). The zygomatic and buccal facial branches were entubulated and sutured to the short arms of the Y-tube. Restoration of vibrissal motor performance, degree of collateral axonal branching at the lesion site and quality of neuro-muscular junction (NMJ) reinnervation were compared to animals receiving HFA-Coaptation (no entubulation) after 4 months. RESULTS HFA-Y-tube reduced collateral axonal branching. However it failed to reduce the proportion of polyinnervated NMJ and did not improve functional outcome when compared to HFA-Coaptation. CONCLUSION Elimination of compression by tightly opposed nerve fragments improved axonal pathfinding. However, biometric analysis of vibrissae movements did not show positive effects suggesting that polyneuronal reinnervation - rather than collateral branching - may be the critical limiting factor. Since polyinnervation of muscle fibers is activity-dependent and can be manipulated, the present findings raise hopes that clinically feasible and effective therapies after HFA could be soon designed and tested.
Mini-scar inguinal herniotomy in selected children: comparative analysis of safety, effectiveness, and parents' satisfaction.

INTRODUCTION Inguinal herniotomy in children is still dominated by conventional open inguinal herniotomy (COIH) as laparoscopic techniques have yet to demonstrate clear advantages. A technical modification that minimizes the incision of COIH in selected children can offer another minimally invasive alternative. A comparative analysis of safety, efficacy, and parental attitudes between mini-scar inguinal herniotomy (MSIH) and COIH was performed. MATERIALS AND METHODS All inguinal herniotomy cases performed between January 2008 and April 2010 were reviewed. Patients who were younger than 6 months, presented with complicated hernias, or had an associated hydrocele were excluded. In the MSIH group the final scar length was prospectively measured and then retrospectively compared with a matched group of COIH. Parents in both groups were then interviewed using a standardized questionnaire to inquire about operative outcomes, their satisfaction level, and perception of the incision size. RESULTS Of the 145 patients identified, 113 (79%) had completed the parental phone interview at a mean interval of 275±212 days. Forty (35%) underwent MSIH with a mean final incision length of 7.7±2 mm, and 73 (65%) underwent COIH. The two groups were similar in age, sex, and hernias' sides. Postoperative complication including recurrence rates did not differ between MSIH and COIH (2.5% versus 6.8%, P=.4). However, parents in the MSIH group were more likely to notice that the scar was smaller than what they have expected (odds ratio, 4.9; 95% confidence interval, 2.1-11.9) and were more likely to be very satisfied (odds ratio, 10.8; 95% confidence interval, 3.1-38). CONCLUSION The safety and efficacy of MSIH are comparable to those of COIH. However, in the MSIH group, parents are more likely to notice the smaller scar, which might improve their satisfaction.
Reflections on the Efficacy of a Constructivist Approach to Teaching and Learning in a First-Year Bachelor of Environmental Management Topic

The dynamism of Environmental Management in the 21st century has predicted the need for students to emerge from tertiary programmes with a set of skills that are functional and more widely applicable in the contemporary workplace. To foster the development of such tools and skill sets, there has been an increasing trend amongst teaching practitioners to move from objectivist to constructivist views of learning and teaching. Using the theoretical heritage of constructivism, we in this paper offer an example of the effectiveness of constructive alignment in teaching tools and assessment methods for first year Environmental Management students. Drawing inspiration from the successes reported by Biggs et al. (2010) and Park (2003), we offer further discussion on the merits of such approaches, but from a first-year undergraduate cohort. Through a discursive analysis of student writings and formal feedback received through course evaluation questionnaires, we in this paper demonstrate how this combination of teaching methods led to a cohort that actively participated in their own learning. The results revealed that such methods could be successfully implemented at earlier stages of Environmental Management degree programmes, to encourage normally pragmatic, minimalist work ethic, first-year students, to be active, enthusiastic learners both within and outside the University.
Automatic color palette

Color palettes are an important tool for color image analysis, since they are the initial point of different techniques such as quantization or indexing. This paper presents a new method for the automatic construction of a color palette, which adjusts dynamically its number of colors according to the visual content of the image. The method is based on appropriately segmenting the HSI color space, which is achieved by individually partitioning the histograms associated to each color component. As a result we obtain a hierarchical color palette, which represents the color image with a reduced number of colors.
Sleeping abroad but working at home: cross‐border residential mobility between transnationalism and (re)bordering

Abstract Cross‐border residential mobility (CBRM) has so far largely been approached from a transnational perspective. However, recent developments in border studies and transnationalism give rise to certain doubts. While border studies have come to include mental borders next to physical borderlands, transnationalism today refers not just to cross‐border movements but also to identities trans‐cending the national. But border studies have shown that the increased crossing of borders is not necessarily coupled with their diminished significance. CBRM is a particularly interesting phenomenon as it entails the continuous crossing of a physical border, but the question is whether it also implies the erosion of mental borders and the emergence of transnational ties. While drawing on experiences from parallel cases, my study focuses on Poles from Szczecin moving just across the boundary to Vorpommern, Germany. Some are integrating there, but their large majority appears to carry on with everyday life in Poland as before moving. This settlement has triggered considerable resentment among local Germans, who as a reaction mark the borderland discursively and physically. As my survey shows, while both groups regularly cross the physical border, many even among the cross‐border residents consider it as a necessary dividing line or prefer cooperation to be reserved to some activities. Hence, unlike longdistance migration leading either to diaspora identities or to gradual dissolution in the majority culture, CBRM appears as a specific form of international migration where the physical proximity allows such intensive links with the country of origin that transnational effects are mitigated.
Expert analogy use in a naturalistic setting

The use of analogy is an important component of human cognition. The type of analogy we produce and communicate depends heavily on a number of factors, such as the setting, the level of domain expertise present, and the speaker's goal or intent. In this observational study, we recorded economics experts during scientific discussion and examined the categorical distance and structural depth of the analogies they produced. We also sought to characterize the purpose of the analogies that were generated. Our results supported previous conclusions about the infrequency of superficial similarity in subject-generated analogs, but also showed that distance and depth characteristics were more evenly balanced than in previous observational studies. This finding was likely due to the nature of the goals of the participants, as well as the broader nature of their expertise. An analysis of analogical purpose indicated that the generation of concrete source examples of more general target concepts was most prevalent. We also noted frequent instances of analogies intended to form visual images of source concepts. Other common purposes for analogies were the addition of colorful speech, inclusion (i.e., subsumption) of a target into a source concept, or differentiation between source and target concepts. We found no association between depth and either of the other two characteristics, but our findings suggest a relationship between purpose and distance; i.e., that visual imagery typically entailed an outside-domain source whereas exemplification was most frequently accomplished using within-domain analogies. Overall, we observed a rich and diverse set of spontaneously produced analogical comparisons. The high degree of expertise within the observed group along with the richly comparative nature of the economics discipline likely contributed to this analogical abundance.
Arousability in sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome patients

Sleep disruption and daytime sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnoea/hypopnoea syndrome (OSAHS) patients result from recurrent apnoeas/hypopnoeas and arousals from sleep. Around 30% of apnoeas/hypopnoeas are not terminated by visible cortical arousals. The current authors tested the hypotheses that arousal induction is linked to sleep stage, oxygen desaturation, event type, event duration and time of occurrence during the night. Fifteen patients with OSAHS of varying severity were studied and all their apnoeas/hypopnoeas were evaluated. Eight of 15 patients had apnoeas/hypopnoeas in all sleep stages, and all their 610 apnoeas/hypopnoeas were analysed in the between stages comparison; data from all 15 patients were included in other comparisons. Thirty-four per cent of apnoeas/hypopnoeas during slow wave sleep (SWS) were associated with arousal, significantly less than the 77% during nonrapid eye movement (NREM) 1 and 2 and 62% during rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Arousal induction was not affected by oxygen desaturation, event type, duration or time of the night. The apnoea/hypopnoea index was 39·h−1 in NREM 1 and 2, significantly higher compared to 17·h−1 in REM or to 11·h−1 in SWS sleep. In conclusion, apnoeas/hypopnoeas in slow wave sleep are associated with fewer cortically apparent, visually detected arousals.