Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Brazilian coffee genome project: an EST-based genomic resource

Coffee is one of the most valuable agricultural commodities and ranks second on international trade exchanges. The genus Coffea belongs to the Rubiaceae family which includes other important plants. The genus contains about 100 species but commercial production is based only on two species, Coffea arabica and Coffea canephora that represent about 70 % and 30 % of the total coffee market, respectively. The Brazilian Coffee Genome Project was designed with the objective of making modern genomics resources available to the coffee scientific community, working on different aspects of the coffee production chain. We have single-pass sequenced a total of 214,964 randomly picked clones from 37 cDNA libraries of C. arabica, C. canephora and C. racemosa, representing specific stages of cells and plant development that after trimming resulted in 130,792, 12,381 and 10,566 sequences for each species, respectively. The ESTs clustered into 17,982 clusters and 32,155 singletons. Blast analysis of these sequences revealed that 22 % had no significant matches to sequences in the National Center for Biotechnology Information database (of known or unknown function). The generated coffee EST database resulted in the identification of close to 33,000 different unigenes. Annotated sequencing results have been stored in an online database at http://www.lge. ibi.unicamp. br/cafe. Resources developed in this project provide genetic and genomic tools that may hold the key to the sustainability, competitiveness and future viability of the coffee industry in local and international markets.
Feasibility of Combined Unipolar and Bipolar Voltage Maps to Improve Sensitivity of Endomyocardial Biopsy

Background—Endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) has a low sensitivity. Electroanatomic voltage mapping (EVM) is effective in guiding EMB thanks to its ability in identifying and locating low-voltage regions. The analysis of unipolar EVM can correlate with epicardial pathological involvement. We evaluated the unipolar EVM in EMB areas to determine whether it can increase EMB sensitivity in diagnosing epicardial diseases. Methods and Results—We performed endocardial bipolar EVM-guided EMBs in 29 patients and we analyzed unipolar EVM at withdrawal sites. Eighty myocardial samples were collected (mean, 2.8±0.9; median, 3 fragments per patient) and 60 were suitable for histological analysis. Ten specimens (17%) were collected from an area with discordant normal bipolar/low-voltage unipolar EVM and they were diagnostic or suggestive for arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia/cardiomyopathy in 6 patients, for myocarditis and sarcoidosis in 1 patient each. Six samples (10%) were collected from an area with discordant low-voltage bipolar/normal unipolar EVM and they showed nonspecific features. The sensitivity of unipolar EVMs for a diagnostic biopsy finding EMB was significantly higher compared with bipolar EVMs analyzed according to samples (P<0.01) and patients (P=0.008). The specificity of unipolar EMB was better than bipolar EMB when analyzed for all samples (P=0.0014) but the difference did not reach statistical significance when analyzed by patient (P=0.083). The diagnostic yield was 63.3% for the bipolar and 83.3% for the unipolar EVM. Conclusions—These findings suggest that use of a combined bipolar/unipolar map may be able to improve the diagnostic yield of endomyocardial ventricular biopsy.
Relations of Central Hemodynamics and Aortic Stiffness with Left Ventricular Structure and Function: The Framingham Heart Study

Background The differing relations of steady and pulsatile components of central hemodynamics and aortic stiffness with cardiac dimensions and function have not been fully elucidated. Methods and Results Central hemodynamics and carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity (CFPWV, a measure of aortic stiffness) were measured by arterial tonometry in 5799 participants of the Framingham Heart Study (mean age 51 years, 54% women) and related to echocardiographic left ventricular (LV) dimensions and systolic and diastolic function using multivariable‐adjusted partial Pearson correlations. Mean arterial pressure (MAP, steady component of central blood pressure) was associated positively with LV wall thickness (r=0.168; P<0.0001) but showed only a weak direct association with LV diastolic dimension (r=0.035, P=0.006). Central pulse pressure (pulsatile component of central blood pressure) showed a direct correlation with both LV diastolic dimension and LV wall thickness (r=0.08 and 0.044, both P<0.0001 in multivariable models that included MAP). CFPWV was not associated with LV structure (all P≥0.27) in MAP‐adjusted models). Both MAP and CFPWV were associated inversely with LV diastolic function (E′; r=−0.140 and −0.153, respectively; both P<0.0001), and these associations persisted after additional adjustment for LV mass and central pulse pressure (r=−0.142 and −0.108, both P<0.0001). MAP and CFPWV were not associated with LV fractional shortening (P≥0.10), whereas central pulse pressure was positively related (r=0.064, P<0.0001). Conclusions Pulsatile and steady components of central pressure are conjointly yet variably related to LV structure. CFPWV is related to LV diastolic function but not to systolic function. Additional studies are warranted to confirm these observations.
Characterization of Species Differences in Tissue Diltiazem Deacetylation Identifies Ces2a as a Rat-Specific Diltiazem Deacetylase

Diltiazem, a calcium channel blocker, is mainly metabolized via demethylation or deacetylation in humans. Diltiazem demethylation is catalyzed by cytochrome P450 2D6 and 3A4. Although it was previously reported that the area under the curve ratio of deacetyldiltiazem to diltiazem after oral dosing with diltiazem in rats was sevenfold higher than in humans, the molecular mechanisms underlying this species difference remain to be clarified. In the present study, we compared the diltiazem deacetylase activity in liver, intestinal, renal, and pulmonary microsome preparations of human and experimental animal tissues to identify the specific deacetylase enzyme(s) involved in deacetylation. Diltiazem deacetylase activity was detected in rat liver and small intestine microsome preparations, but not in those from human, monkey, dog, and mouse tissues. Further purification of rat liver microsome (RLM) proteins identified four carboxylesterase (Ces) enzymes (Ces1d, Ces1e, Ces1f, and Ces2a) as potential candidate deacetylases. On the basis of their tissue distribution, the Ces2a enzyme was considered to be the enzyme that was responsible for diltiazem deacetylation. Furthermore, recombinant rat Ces2a expressed in Sf21 cells displayed efficient diltiazem deacetylase activity with similar Km values as RLM. In addition, the inhibitory characteristics of various chemical inhibitors were similar between recombinant rat Ces2a and RLM. In conclusion, we determined that only rat tissues were able to catalyze diltiazem deacetylation. The characterization of Ces enzymes in animal species, as undertaken in this study, will prove useful to predict the species-specific pharmacokinetics differences between the in vivo models used for drug development.
Searching for jet rotation in Class 0/I sources observed with GEMINI/GNIRS

Context. In recent years, there has been a number of detections of gradients in the radial velocity profile across jets from young stars. The significance of these results is considerable. They may be interpreted as a signature of jet rotation about its symmetry axis, thereby representing the only existing observational indications supporting the theory that jets extract angular momentum from stardisk systems. However, the possibility that we are indeed observing jet rotation in pre-main sequence systems is undergoing active debate. Aims. To test the validity of a rotation argument, we must extend the survey to a larger sample, including younger sources. Methods. We present the latest results of a radial velocity analysis on jets from Class 0 and I sources, using high resolution data from the infrared spectrograph GNIRS on GEMINI South. We obtained infrared spectra of protostellar jets HH 34, HH 111-H, HH 212 NK1 and SK1. Results. The [Fe II] emission was unresolved in all cases and so Doppler shifts across the jet width could not be accessed. The H2 emission was resolved in all cases except HH 34. Doppler profiles across the molecular emission were obtained, and gradients in radial velocity of typically 3 km s −1 identified. Conclusions. Agreement with previous studies implies they may be interpreted as jet rotation, leading to toroidal velocity and angular )
Continuous task-priority rearrangement during motion execution with a mixture of torque controllers

When controlling highly redundant humanoid robots multiple motion tasks can be accomplished simultaneously by employing several reactive torque-control modules. Flexible task-prioritization for these modules during motion generation is an open research problem. Null-space based approaches for redundant robots implement a strict, hierarchical prioritization and are not suited for changing the priority-order of the underlying control modules. In contrast, the mixture of controller approach superposes torques from several control modules and thereby enables flexible and continuous task-priority rearrangement. Here we show how to react to environmental changes by blending the corresponding priorities during motion execution. Additionally, we investigate the advantage of regularization when learning new mixture coefficients. The proposed framework is demonstrated for the full 11 DOF upper body of the compliant humanoid robot COMAN in simulation.
How effective are patient safety initiatives? A retrospective patient record review study of changes to patient safety over time

Objectives To assess whether, compared with previous years, hospital care became safer in 2011/2012, expressing itself in a fall in preventable adverse event (AE) rates alongside patient safety initiatives. Design Retrospective patient record review at three points in time. Setting In three national AE studies, patient records of 2004, 2008 and 2011/2012 were reviewed in, respectively, 21 hospitals in 2004, 20 hospitals in 2008 and 20 hospitals in 2011/2012. In each hospital, 400, 200 and 200 patient records were sampled, respectively. Participants In total, 15 997 patient admissions were included in the study, 7926 patient admissions from 2004, 4023 from 2008 and 4048 from 2011/2012. Interventions The main patient safety initiatives in hospital care at a national level between 2004 and 2012 have been small as well as large-scale multifaceted programmes. Main outcome measures Rates of both AEs and preventable AEs. Results Uncorrected crude overall AE rates showed no change in 2011/2012 in comparison with 2008, whereas preventable AE rates showed a reduction of 45%. After multilevel corrections, the decrease in preventable AE rate in 2011/2012 was still clearly visible with a decrease of 30% in comparison to 2008 (p=0.10). In 2011/2012, fewer preventable AEs were found in older age groups, or related to the surgical process, in comparison with 2008. Conclusions Our study shows some improvements in preventable AEs in the areas that were addressed during the comprehensive national safety programme. There are signs that such a programme has a positive impact on patient safety.
Query Indexing and Velocity Constrained Indexing: Scalable Techniques for Continuous Queries on Moving Objects

Moving object environments are characterized by large numbers of moving objects and numerous concurrent continuous queries over these objects. Efficient evaluation of these queries in response to the movement of the objects is critical for supporting acceptable response times. In such environments, the traditional approach of building an index on the objects (data) suffers from the need for frequent updates and thereby results in poor performance. In fact, a brute force, no-index strategy yields better performance in many cases. Neither the traditional approach nor the brute force strategy achieve reasonable query processing times. This paper develops novel techniques for the efficient and scalable evaluation of multiple continuous queries on moving objects. Our solution leverages two complimentary techniques: Query Indexing and Velocity Constrained Indexing (VCI). Query Indexing relies on 1) incremental evaluation, 2) reversing the role of queries and data, and 3) exploiting the relative locations of objects and queries. VCI takes advantage of the maximum possible speed of objects in order to delay the expensive operation of updating an index to reflect the movement of objects. In contrast to an earlier technique that requires exact knowledge about the movement of the objects, VCI does not rely on such information. While Query Indexing outperforms VCI, it does not efficiently handle the arrival of new queries. Velocity constrained indexing, on the other hand, is unaffected by changes in queries. We demonstrate that a combination of Query Indexing and Velocity Constrained Indexing enables the scalable execution of insertion and deletion of queries in addition to processing ongoing queries. We also develop several optimizations and present a detailed experimental evaluation of our techniques. The experimental results show that the proposed schemes outperform the traditional approaches by almost two orders of magnitude.
Section Ii-exercise Physiology & Sports Medicine Effectiveness of Injury Prevention Programs on Developing Quadriceps and Hamstrings Strength of Young Male Professional Soccer Players

Authors submitted their contribution of the article to the editorial board. In conclusion, both warm-up programs improve quadriceps strength. The 11+ demonstrated improvement in hamstring strength while the HarmoKnee program did not indicate any improvement. We suggest adding eccentric hamstring components such as Nordic hamstring exercise to the HarmoKnee program in order to enhance hamstring strength.
The Effects of Empagliflozin, an SGLT2 Inhibitor, on Pancreatic β-Cell Mass and Glucose Homeostasis in Type 1 Diabetes

The novel sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor empagliflozin has recently been reported to improve glycemic control in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats in an insulin-independent manner, via an increase in urinary glucose output. We investigated the potential of empagliflozin to recover insulin pathways in type 1 diabetes by improving pancreatic β-cell mass. Blood glucose homeostasis was assessed by an intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test. Serum insulin levels and insulin mRNA expression were determined using commercial insulin ELISA kits and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, respectively. Immunohistochemistry was used to investigate β-cell areas, β-cell proliferation, apoptosis of pancreatic β-cells, and reactive oxygen species production in the pancreatic β-cells. Results showed that glucose tolerance was significantly improved in streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic mice treated with empagliflozin. Empagliflozin-treated mice also showed an increase in insulin mRNA expression. Higher serum insulin levels were detected in mice treated with empagliflozin compared with the vehicle group. Immunohistochemistry indicated that β-cell area/total pancreatic area and the expression of cell proliferation marker Ki-67 (co-stained with insulin) were significantly enhanced by empagliflozin treatment. These effects were due, probably, to a reduction in apoptosis and reactive oxygen species in the pancreatic β-cells. Taken together, the results of this study indicate that empagliflozin may have a beneficial effect on preserving β-cell regeneration, thus improving blood glucose homeostasis in type 1 diabetes mellitus, probably via the protection of pancreatic β-cell from glucotoxicity-induced oxidative stress.
On the Heterogeneity and Classification of Author Self-Citations

The heterogeneity of author self‐citations is highlighted and a systematic scheme for their classification is presented. Self‐citations are either synchronous or diachronous and each of these classes or genera has four subclasses or species. The distribution of self‐citations among the four species is governed by a number of factors including collaborative tendencies in the discipline or research specialty and the relative statuses of the collaborating authors. The classification of self‐citations may be applied to study aspects of research collaboration and the matter of egotism in scholarly work.
Secondary students' self-regulated engagement in reading: researching self- regulation as situated in context

In this research, we drew on a model of self-regulated learning (SRL) (Butler & Cartier, 2005; Cartier & Butler, 2004) to investigate student engagement in learning through reading (LTR) as situated in context. Our overarching goals were to enhance theoretical understanding about SRL as situated, identify patterns in self-regulated learning through reading (LTR) for secondary students within and across classrooms, and continue developing productive methodological strategies for investigating SRL and LTR. To those ends, we employed a mixed-methods design to find patterns within and across 31 classrooms at multiple levels of aggregation. Participants were 646 secondary students engaged in curriculum-based LTR activities. Findings were derived from two coupled assessments: A self-report questionnaire and a performance-based measure of LTR. We used frequency, factor analytic, and cluster analyses to create descriptive profiles of SRL (across emotion, motivation, cognition, and metacognition). Main findings were: (1) important mismatches between students’ self-reported LTR engagement and the demands of LTR activities; (2) four coherent profiles of LTR engagement (actively engaged; disengaged; high stress/actively inefficient; passive/inactively efficient), (3) moderate links between students’ self-reported LTR profiles and LTR performance; and (4) differences in SRL profiles that reflected individual-context interactions. We close by distilling implications for understanding, researching, and fostering SRL as situated within naturalistic settings.
Slow Trading and Stock Return Predictability

The state of market returns positively predicts the size premium (or the difference in the return on small and large firms). A simple trading strategy that buys small firms and sells large firms following positive market return states, and switches to selling small firms and buying large firms after negative market states yields large, risk-adjusted monthly profits of 1.8%, 3.0% or 4.3% when rebalanced monthly, weekly or daily. Moreover, this predictability is also present in actively traded ETFs and in recent years. We uncover that trading patterns by institutional investors contribute to the predictability. Specifically, when rebalancing portfolios, institutional investors appear to execute trades in large-cap stocks swiftly, but are slower in trading small firms.
Optimal reliability over a class of binary-input channels with feedback

This paper considers the problem of variable-length coding over a binary-input channel with noiseless feedback. A deterministic sequential coding scheme is proposed and shown to attain the optimal error exponent for any binary-input channel whose capacity is achieved by the uniform input distribution. The proposed scheme is deterministic and has only one phase of operation, in contrast to all previous coding schemes that achieve the optimal error exponent.
Cross‐modal plasticity of the motor cortex while listening to a rehearsed musical piece

Learning a musical piece requires the development of a strong linkage between sensory and motor representations. Audition plays a central role and a tight cortical auditory–motor corepresentation is a characteristic feature of music processing. Recent works have indicated the establishment of a functional connection between auditory and motor cortices during the learning of a novel piece, although no causal relation has yet been demonstrated. Here transcranial magnetic stimulation of the cortical motor representation involved in musical performance was used to test excitability changes in piano players during auditory presentation of a rehearsed and a non‐rehearsed piece. Results showed an increased motor excitability for the rehearsed but not for the non‐rehearsed piece. Moreover, we observed an increase of excitability over time as intracortical facilitation was already present after 30 min of training whereas cortico‐spinal facilitation increased after a longer training period (5 days).
Biodegradation of the Alkaline Cellulose Degradation Products Generated during Radioactive Waste Disposal

The anoxic, alkaline hydrolysis of cellulosic materials generates a range of cellulose degradation products (CDP) including α and β forms of isosaccharinic acid (ISA) and is expected to occur in radioactive waste disposal sites receiving intermediate level radioactive wastes. The generation of ISA's is of particular relevance to the disposal of these wastes since they are able to form complexes with radioelements such as Pu enhancing their migration. This study demonstrates that microbial communities present in near-surface anoxic sediments are able to degrade CDP including both forms of ISA via iron reduction, sulphate reduction and methanogenesis, without any prior exposure to these substrates. No significant difference (n = 6, p = 0.118) in α and β ISA degradation rates were seen under either iron reducing, sulphate reducing or methanogenic conditions, giving an overall mean degradation rate of 4.7×10−2 hr−1 (SE±2.9×10−3). These results suggest that a radioactive waste disposal site is likely to be colonised by organisms able to degrade CDP and associated ISA's during the construction and operational phase of the facility.
Factors Associated With Parents’ Intent to Vaccinate Adolescents for Human Papillomavirus: Findings From the 2014 National Immunization Survey–Teen

Introduction While factors associated with receipt of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination have been well characterized, less is known about the characteristics associated with parents’ intent to have their adolescent children vaccinated. This study aimed to examine factors associated with parental intention toward HPV vaccination. Methods We analyzed data on 10,354 adolescents aged 13 to 17 years from the 2014 National Immunization Survey–Teen. Weighted multivariable logistic regression was used to examine associations between sociodemographic characteristics of mothers and adolescents, as well as a health care provider recommendation with parents’ intention to have their children receive HPV vaccine. Results Among unvaccinated adolescents, Hispanic ethnicity (boys adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.87, 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.34–2.61; and girls AOR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.05–2.35), mothers with less than a high school diploma (boys AOR, 2.41; 95% CI, 1.58–3.67; and girls AOR, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.02–3.38), and having a health care provider recommend the vaccine (boys AOR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.52–2.31; and girls AOR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.05–1.82) were significantly associated with parents’ intention to have their adolescent child vaccinated within the next 12 months. In addition, non-Hispanic black race was a significant predictor of parents’ intent to vaccinate for boys (AOR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.35–2.65). Conclusion Maternal education and Hispanic ethnicity were the strongest predictors of parental intent to vaccinate against HPV, followed by provider recommendation. As HPV vaccination rates in the United States remain below the Healthy People 2020 goal, messages may need to be targeted based on maternal education, race/ethnicity, and provider recommendation.