Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Responsiveness of Self‐Reported and Objective Measures of Disease Severity in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Responsiveness, the ability to detect meaningful clinical change, is a critical attribute of instruments used to evaluate outcomes of treatments. The authors hypothesized that self-administered symptom severity and functional status questionnaires are more responsive to clinical improvement after carpal tunnel release than traditional physical examination measures of strength and sensibility. Data were obtained from a randomized clinical trial of endoscopic versus open carpal tunnel release conducted in four university medical centers. Patients were evaluated before surgery and 3 months after surgery. Seventy-four patients indicating that they were more than 80% satisfied with the results of surgery were assumed to have clinically meaningful improvement and were the focus of the analysis. Evaluations included questionnaires assessing symptom severity, functional status, and activities of daily living as well as measurement of grip, pinch, and abductor pollicus brevis strength, and 2-point discrimination and Semmes-Weinstein pressure sensibility. Responsiveness was calculated with the standardized response mean (mean change/standard deviation of change) as well as the effect size (mean change/standard deviation of baseline values). The symptom severity scale was four times as responsive, and the functional status and activities of daily living scales were twice as responsive, as the measures of strength and sensibility. Self-administered symptom severity and functional status scales are much more responsive to clinical improvement than measures of neuromuscular impairment and should serve as primary outcomes in clinical studies of therapy for carpal tunnel syndrome.
Arthropod Cladistics: Combined Analysis of Histone H3 and U2 snRNA Sequences and Morphology

Morphological, developmental, ultrastructural, and gene order characters are catalogued for the same set of arthropod terminals as we have scored in a recent study of histone H3 and U2 snRNA sequences (D. J. Colgan et al., 1998, Aust. J. Zool. 46, 419–437). We examine the implications of separate and simultaneous analyses of sequence and non‐sequence data for arthropod relationships. The most parsimonious trees based on 211 non‐sequence characters (273 apomorphic states) support traditional higher taxa as clades, including Mandibulata, Crustacea, Atelocerata, Myriapoda, and Hexapoda. Combined analysis of morphology with histone H3 and U2 sequences with equal character weights differs from the morphological results alone in supporting Progoneata + Hexapoda (= Labiophora) in favor of a monophyletic Myriapoda, resolves the entognathous hexapods as a grade, and supports pycnogonids as sister group to Euchelicerata (rather than as basal euarthropods). Monophyly of Chelicerata (including pycnogonids), Mandibulata, Crustacea, Progoneata, Chilopoda, and Hexapoda is maintained under a range of transition/transversion and third codon weights, whereas Atelocerata and Myriapoda/Labiophora do not withstand all sensitivity analyses.
THE FINITE VERTEX-PRIMITIVE AND VERTEX-BIPRIMITIVE s-TRANSITIVE GRAPHS FOR s ≥ 4

A complete classification is given for finite vertex-primitive and vertex-biprimitive s-transitive graphs for s ≥ 4. The classification involves the construction of new 4-transitive graphs, namely a graph of valency 14 admitting the Monster simple group M, and an infinite family of graphs of valency 5 admitting projective symplectic groups PSp(4, p) with p prime and p ≡ ±1 (mod 8). As a corollary of this classification, a conjecture of Biggs and Hoare (1983) is proved.
Cognition in the Berlin Aging Study (BASE): The First 10 Years

This paper summarizes and expands research on cognitive aging from the Berlin Aging Study (BASE), a longitudinal, multidisciplinary, and population-based investigation of old and very old individuals. First, we describe previously reported research on five key themes: (a) experimental and mortality-associated components of longitudinal selectivity; (b) comparisons between cross-sectional and cross-sectional/longitudinal convergence age gradients; (c) old-age dedifferentiation of inter-individual differences; (d) possible reasons for the age-based increase in the link between intellectual and sensory domains; and (e) limits to cognitive plasticity in very old age. Second, we make use of multilevel modeling to determine the magnitude and direction of retest effects. Retest effects are classified as either flat (step function from the first to the second measurement occasion) or growing (linear increase after the first measurement occasion). Five of the eight longitudinally administered cognitive tests are found to display significant retest effects of either or both types. Retest adjustment increased the linear negative and decreased the quadratic negative component of cross-sectional/longitudinal convergence gradients in measures of intellectual abilities.
Assessing Effects of a Media Literacy-Based Intervention on US Adolescents' Responses to and Interpretations of Sexual Media Messages

This study, a pretest-posttest quasi-experiment conducted in the field (n = 1098), examined a media literacy curriculum to determine its influence on adolescents' responses to and interpretations of sexual media messages. Main effects were confirmed on seven of eight dependent variables tested. Treatment-group participants increased their understanding that media influence teens' decisions regarding sex and media depictions often misrepresent sexual behavior. They also became more likely to believe sexual abstinence is normative among adolescents, lowered their expectancies for engaging in sex and increased their efficacy for delaying sexual activity as compared to control-group participants. Sex-based differences independent of the curriculum existed on participants' attitudes toward delaying sexual activity and expectancies for engaging in sex.
Shifting Terrains: Mapping Education within a Global Landscape

In this article, the authors draw on critical social theory and educational theory and research to review and deconstruct educational discourses that have become common in this era of mass globalization. Key issues embedded within these discourses include addressing the educational needs of children from marginalized social and cultural groups, preparing students for the information-based jobs of the future, restructuring schools to fit with the reterritorialization of urban and suburban spaces, and gauging the effects of mass media on stereotypical notions of youths, schools, and schooling. The authors deploy Arjun Appadurai's model of ever shifting and interrelated global flows to bring into relief how various aspects of globalization both enable and constrain different kinds of social, spatial, and economic mobility for today's youths. They conclude by suggesting new ways to understand the complex and paradoxical effects of globalization on education and schooling.
Effects of a Cognitive Acceleration Programme in a Low Socioeconomic High School in Regional Australia

This paper presents research on the effects of a cognitive acceleration intervention in science lessons on low socioeconomic students in a government high school in regional Western Australia. Thinking Science Australia is a programme currently being implemented in Australian junior high school classes. The research was conducted for over two years as a case study in one school with students as they entered high school in Year 8 (n = 71). Findings show that significant cognitive gains were made, with concomitant improvement in the state-wide testing in science when participating students were in Year 9, aged 13 and 14. Teachers reported changes to the ways they teach and described the challenges in implementing the intervention programme.
Do male and female forensic patients with learning disabilities differ on subscales of the Novaco Anger Scale and Provocation Inventory (NAS‐PI)?

Purpose – High levels of anger have been associated with forensic learning disabled populations. The role of gender within the experience of anger is not clear. This study aims to start exploring the question “Do female forensic patients with learning disabilities have different needs in relation to anger? ”Design/methodology/approach – This study used a between‐subjects design with one independent variable: gender. The Novaco Anger Scale and Provocation Inventory was applied. Scores obtained by 12 females were compared with those of 23 males within a forensic psychiatric service for learning disabled patients.Findings – Significant differences were found between scores, suggesting female forensic patients with learning disabilities experience higher levels of anger than do males, particularly in the arousal domain, and demonstrate difficulties in regulating anger.Research limitations/implications – The use of a single measure of anger and the small, forensic nature of the sample limits this study. It is r.
Vuoti di memoria. Usi e abusi della storia nella vita pubblica italiana

and future Paul VI, and allegedly the man who suggested to Pius XII the idea of giving the Salesians permission to start the school, was also a frequent visitor as were DC officials like Alcide De Gasperi and Giulio Andreotti. Rarely did these visitors venture outside the confines of the Borgo, which was separated by a sort of ‘no man’s land’ of green space, a barrier that often symbolized the distance between the Borgo and borgata. Challenging the growing influence of the left on working class Romans was part of the Borgo’s mission. One Salesian priest interviewed for the book admitted using the children as a means of spreading the Gospel to their parents. Meanwhile, the leftwing parties which dominated local politics engaged in a decades-long struggle to reclaim the land around the Forte Prenestino which the Borgo occupied: ‘In those years’, Portelli writes ‘the left considered the Borgo as a colony of clericalism in proletarian territory and, therefore, an occupation of space that properly belonged to everyone’ (p. 115). This conflict was only resolved in the 1980s in favour of the Salesians. Once Cold War tensions abated, the misapprehensions and distrust continued and flared up again in the 1970s after the disappearance and subsequent murder of a student that was blamed on one of the Salesian priests (he was later absolved). In the end, Portelli’s book presents a vivid picture of working class Rome in the postwar years. This is emphasized through the author’s decision to keep the subjects’ colloquial speech unedited. My only criticism is the rather threadbare commentary which is found between the lengthy quotes. A broader theoretical framework would have helped as well. Portelli wants the subjects to speak for themselves, however, and the result is an evocative picture of one section of the Eternal City and its inhabitants in the first decades of the Italian Republic. Paul Baxa Ave Maria University a 2009 Paul Baxa
A downturn in intergalactic C iv as redshift 6 is approached

We present the results of the largest survey to date for inter galactic metals at redshifts z > 5, using near-IR spectra of nine QSOs with emission redshifts zem > 5.7. We detect three strong C IV doublets at zabs = 5.7‐5.8, two low ionisation systems at zabs > 5, and numerous Mg II absorbers at zabs = 2.5‐2.8. We find, for the first time, a change in the comoving mass density of C IV ions as we look back to redshifts z > 5. At a mean h zi = 5.76, we deduce C IV = (4.4 ± 2.6) × 10 −9 which implies a drop by a factor of ∼ 3.5 compared to the value at z ∼ 10 −4 Z⊙. The early-type stars responsible for synthesising these metals would have emitted only about one Lyman continuum photon per baryon prior to z = 5.8; such a background is insufficient to keep the IGM ionised and we speculate on possible factors which could make up the required shortfall.
Intelligence and Birth Order in Family

Resume Le but de cette etude a ete de decouvrir une relation qui pourrait exister entre l'intelligence des enfants et leur ordre de naissance. L'etude est basee sur les evaluations de l'intelligence de 10,000 eleves des ecoles publiques et les donnees de questionnaires obtenus des parents sur l'ordre de naissance de leurs enfants. Les quotients d'intelligence obtenus dans chacun de quatre differents tests collectifs d'intelligence ont ete traduits en leurs resultats equivalents. On a employe seulement les resultats des enfants de la meme famille dans cette etude. Pour controler la grandeur de la famille et les facteurs economiques et sociaux on a mis les resultats en paires de sorte qu'on compare aux resultats de chaque premier-ne les resultats de son frere ou soeur deuxieme-ne, aux resultats de ce deuxieme-ne on compare les resultats de son frere ou soeur troisieme-ne, etc., jusqu'aux huitiemes-nes y compris. On presente trois methodes distinctes de solution du probleme. La comparaison des resultats de c.
Will User Involvement Always be the Case? The Effect of Service Procurement on Customer Perceived Value in Servitization

As service is becoming increasingly important, many industrial firms have implemented “servitization” strategy and many marketing and management researchers have discussed the topic of business service. This paper focuses on business service types and its impacts from the buyer’s perceptive, especially whether user involvement always takes effects on the process of servitization. Using a large sample survey, this study examines the relationship between two types of business service and customer perceived value in terms of economic value, relational /support value and technical/core value as well as the moderating effect of user involvement on this relationship in China fine chemical industry. The results show that both two service types can bring economic value and technical/core value to the buyers, the difference here is the relational/ support value can only be perceived if the buyer purchases the operant resource based service. The results also suggest that user involvement is a moderator in the relationship between both operand and operant resource based service on customer perceived technical/core value.
The Relationship Between Environmental Commitment and Managerial Perceptions of Stakeholder Importance

Do firms committed to stewardship of the natural environment differ from less environmentally committed firms in their perceptions of the relative importance of different stakeholders in influencing their environmental practices? Using cluster analysis on six responses to questions describing a firm's practices, we classified 400 firms into four environmental profiles: reactive, defensive, accommodative, and proactive. Results indicate that firms with more proactive profiles do differ from less environmentally committed firms in their perceptions of the relative importance of different stakeholders.
BEYOND SIGNIFICANT YET MEANINGLESS RESULTS IN PSYCHOTHERAPY RESEARCH

The long-standing problem of "statis- tical vs. clinical" significance is examined in the context of the apparent over-dependence on, and naive interpretation of, levels of statistical sig- nificance. Issues of statistical inference, partic- ularly the magnitude (vs. the significance) of an effect, are discussed and a few basic measures for estimating the magnitude of an effect or (clinical) treatment are noted as well as suggestions for further reading.
Varieties of Industrial Relations Research: Take-Over, Convergence or Divergence?

Industrial relations (IR) research faces various pressures of internationalization. Not only do global economic forces increasingly shape the subject of the discipline, employment relations, but also the academic community itself is becoming more international. The article discusses whether and in what ways IR research is affected by these trends. It is based on a comparative, longitudinal study of journal publications in the USA, Britain and Germany. The findings reveal significantly different patterns of IR research across the three countries. In particular, the strong variation between US and British research patterns challenges the common notion of a homogeneous Anglo-Saxon style in conducting social science research. The analysis suggests that despite growing internationalization, IR research continues to be strongly embedded in nationally specific research cultures and traditions.
Does Participation in Conjugal Visitations Reduce Prison Violence in Mississippi? An Exploratory Study

Few studies have examined the relationship between participation in conjugal visitation programs and threats of or actual violent behavior facilities. In the present study, 256 men and women incarcered in two Mississippi prisons completed an anonymous questionnaire concerning institutional violence and participation in the conjugal visitation program. Using multiple regression analyses, this study was intended to determine whether conjugal visits reduce threats of and actual incidents of violent behavior in prison. Although a relationship was not uncovered between participation in conjugal visitation programs and the threat of or actual commission of violence, the study did reveal that inmates who had committed index crimes were more likely to commit violence against another inmate than inmates who had committed non-index crimes.
Maternal perceptions of insufficient milk supply in breastfeeding.

PURPOSE Improving the duration of exclusive breastfeeding is a national and international priority. Insufficient milk supply is one of the most commonly cited reasons for early cessation or decreased exclusivity in women who have initiated breastfeeding. This paper is an integrative review of current research pertaining to perceived insufficient milk (PIM). DESIGN AND METHODS CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PubMed were searched combining "human milk" and "milk supply" and "perceived milk supply. " Articles were limited to original research studies related to healthy, full-term breastfeeding dyads conducted over the past 10 years. Critical review indicated robust findings, limitations, and gaps in this body of literature. FINDINGS A lot of women discontinue breastfeeding during the first few weeks of the post-partum period because of PIM and approximately 35% of all women who wean early report PIM as the primary reason. Many women utilize infant satisfaction cues as their main indication of milk supply and many researchers, clinicians, and breast-feeding women do not evaluate actual milk supply. The relationships between PIM and socioeconomic or demographic variables as well as early breastfeeding behaviors have not been adequately addressed in the literature. CONCLUSIONS Recommendations include improvement of maternal education about behaviors to ensure adequate supply, assessment of milk supply, and infant cues as well as further research into the root causes of PIM. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Practitioners involved with maternal child health can improve their care of women and infants by understanding the subjective nature and questionable accuracy of PIM and changing assessment of milk supply.
Starting with Lives

• Summary: A recent summary of research findings concluded that social policy and practice should use older people's lives as the starting point to plan and evaluate services (Joseph Rowntree Foundation, 2004). Based on the findings of a small-scale qualitative study and related research, this article explores the strategies and ways of coping used by older people to manage changes and difficulties that accompany ageing. • Findings: It is suggested that older people's strategies and ways of coping can be understood as efforts to sustain a sense of self in later life and a model of some key processes involved is presented. The empirical findings of the study are related to theoretical models of ageing and identity management. Attention is directed to the interaction between structural resources and constraints, dominant cultural norms and values, and older people's individual capacities for reflexivity and interpretation. • Applications : It is argued that this understanding has significant implications for the planning and delivery of social work and social care services that aim to promote the well-being of older people. In particular, practitioners need to understand the meaning and significance that difficulties and different approaches to managing them have for individuals. Interventions should be sensitive to, and seek to support, older people's cognitive ways of coping, as well as their practical strategies.
Pathways to Legitimacy Among Consumer Loan Providers in New York City, 1914-1934

In this paper, I study the early development of two organizational forms: credit unions and Morris Plan banks which, in the early twentieth century became socially acceptable money-lenders. Three forms of legitimacycognitive, moral, and pragmaticare important in understanding their evolution and social integration. Cognitive legitimacy corresponds to what is usually considered by organizational ecologists to be legitimacy as 'taken-for-grantedness'. Organizations have moral legitimacy in so far as they have the moral approval of most members of society. Pragmatic legitimacy 'rests on the self-interested calculations of an organization's most immediate audiences' (Suchman 1995). The analysis goes beyond previous work in two ways. First, new mechanisms of legitimation are introduced into models of organizational founding and growth. Second, organizations are assumed to be able to deliberately influence their legitimacy by their actions. Empirical tests combine quantitative analyses of founding and growth rates with a qualitative analysis of historical material. In addition to density-dependent processes of legitimation, the organizations are found to act in a social-movement-like manner, thereby enhancing their moral legitimacy. This increases their founding and growth rates, and gives them a competitive advantage over earlier forms of money-lending that lacked moral legitimacy. I also find evidence that pragmatic legitimacy is spread via social networks.
Creative Climate: A Leadership Lever for Innovation.

The working atmosphere within an organization has an important influence on its level of innovative productivity. Organizational leaders influence innovative productivity as well as the climate for creativity and innovation. This exploratory study included 140 respondents from 103 different organizations, 31 industries, and 10 countries, all of whom completed an online survey focused on examining the intervening nature of the climate for creativity and innovation. First, those who perceived more leadership support for innovation had significantly better creative climate scores. Second, those who perceived higher levels of innovative productivity also had better climate scores. Finally, organizational climate as an intervening variable between leadership behavior and innovation was confirmed through partial correlation and mediation analysis. The findings of this study support the pivotal role that creative climate plays between leadership behavior and innovative productivity.