Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physiology and pharmacology of epileptiform activity induced by 4-aminopyridine in rat hippocampal slices.

1. Conventional intracellular and extracellular recording techniques were used to investigate the physiology and pharmacology of epileptiform bursts induced by 4-aminopyridine (4-AP, 50 microM) in the CA3 area of rat hippocampal slices maintained in vitro. 2. 4-AP-induced epileptiform bursts, consisting of a 25-to 80-ms depolarizing shift of the neuronal membrane associated with three to six fast action potentials, occurred at the frequency of 0.61 +/- 0.29 (SD)/s. The bursts were generated synchronously by CA3 neurons and were triggered by giant excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs). A second type of spontaneous activity consisting of a slow depolarization also occurred but at a lower rate (0.04 +/- 0.2/s). 3. The effects of 4-AP on EPSPs and inhibitory postsynaptic potentials (IPSPs) evoked by mossy fiber stimulation were studied on neurons impaled with a mixture of K acetate and 2(triethyl-amino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl) acetamide (QX-314)-filled microelectrodes. After the addition of 4-AP, the EPSP became potentiated and was followed by the appearance of a giant EPSP. This giant EPSP completely obscured the early IPSP recorded under control conditions and inverted at -32 +/- 3.9 mV (n = 4), suggesting that both inhibitory and excitatory conductances were involved in its generation. IPSPs evoked by Schaffer collateral stimulation increased in amplitude and duration after 4-AP application. 4. The spontaneous field bursts and the stimulus-induced giant EPSP induced by 4-AP were not affected by N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists 3-3 (2-carboxy piperazine-4-yl) propyl-1-phosphonate (CPP) and DL-2-amino-5-phosphonovalerate (APV) but were blocked by quisqualate/kainate receptor antagonists 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) and 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (DNQX). CNQX also abolished the presence of small spontaneously occurring EPSPs, thereby disclosing the presence of bicuculline-sensitive (BMI, 20 microM) IPSPs. 5. Small, nonsynchronous EPSPs played an important role in the generation of 4-AP-induced epileptiform activity. 1) After the addition of 4-AP, small EPSPs appeared randomly on the baseline and then became clustered to produce a depolarizing envelope of irregular shape that progressively formed an epileptiform burst, 2) These small EPSPs were more numerous in the 100 ms period that preceded burst onset. 3) The frequency of occurrence of small EPSPs was positively correlated with the frequency of occurrence of synchronous bursts. 4) Small EPSPs and bursts were similarly decreased after the addition of different concentrations of CNQX (IC50 in both cases of approximately 1.2 microM). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Social Distance and Social Identification in Third-Person Effects

The perceived effects of advertising on body-image factors were tested in both Black andWhite college-age women. After seeing magazine ads that portrayed either Black fashion models or White fashion models, respondents rated perceived effects of these ads on body-image factors. The effects were rated on self, on other Black women on campus, andother White women on campus. When projecting perceivedeffects on others—of the same race or a different race— both Blacks and Whites indicated that media effects would be maximal when the race of the model matched the race of the respondent. However, when rating perceivedeffects on self, whereas Blacks identifiedstrongly with Black models, there was no significant difference in the way Whites identified with fashion models of either race. The results are examined within the framework of social distance and social identification.
Intelligent Agent and Virtual Game to support education in e-health

The education in e-health play an important role in particular in context of chronic diseases. The empowerment process aims at enhancing the patient knowledge and skills in order to allow them to be aware of their health status. The paper presents a serious game that is addressed to young children with type I diabetes and uses the coaching strategy. The coach has been designed and developed as an Intelligent Agent using a knowledge base about the diabetes intervenes to suggest the best action to do or to correct wrong behaviours. A first pilot test was conducted to measure the learning effectiveness and usability of the game. The results were promising. Virtual game; Intelligent game; Serious game; Coaching strategy.
Species Identification and Antifungal Susceptibility Profile of Candida Isolates from ICU Patients in Sohag University Hospital, Upper Egypt

Background: Candida species are among the most common fungal pathogens in ICU patients. Candida albicans was the predominant species, but a shift toward non-albicans Candida species has been recently observed. Objectives: To detect the prevalence of different Candida species and determine their antifungal susceptibility profile in ICU patients using phenotypic methods, the Vitek 2 system compared with CHROMagar Candida agar and a genotypic method; PCR-RFLP. Methodology: Various clinical samples were collected from 248 ICU patients in Sohag University Hospital from the period between September 2014 and May 2015. Samples were cultured on CHROMagar Candida agar. Results were compared with those of Vitek 2 system and confirmed by PCR- RFLP method and antifungal susceptibility profiles were analyzed by disc diffusion and Vitek 2 antifungal susceptibility tests. Results: The study revealed an overall isolation rate of Candida species among ICU patients was 29 % by PCR-RFLP. Candida albicans was the most frequent species isolated (40.3%). Non- albicans Candida species including Candida tropicalis (22.2%), Candida glabrata (18%), Candida krusei (12.5%), C. parapsilosis (4.2%), C. dubliniensis (1.4%) and Candida guilliermondii (1.4%) were also isolated. The sensitivity of vitek 2 with regard to correct identification of Candida species was 96%; the specificity was 100 % , also CHROMagar Candida agar enable the correct identification with sensitivity 89% , specificity 100 %. Vitek 2 antifungal susceptibility tests results were found to be an accurate method as it was compared with the disc diffusion method for fluconazole, voriconazole and amphotracin B. Conclusion : CHROMagar Candida agar supported by Vitek 2 system is a valuable method for identification of common Candida species, these methods are easy to interpret and give rapid results in comparison with the expensive PCR-RFLP method. Although amphotericin B and fluconazole are widely used in clinical practice, there was no evidence of enhanced resistance. Moreover, voriconazole could be used in treatment of fluconazole-resistant Candida species.
Physical and Mathematical Properties of a Quasi-Geostrophic Model of Intermediate Complexity of the Mid-Latitudes Atmospheric Circulation

A quasi-geostrophic intermediate complexity model is considered, providing a schematic representation of the baroclinic conversion processes which characterize the physics of the mid-latitudes atmospheric circulation. The model is relaxed towards a given latitudinal temperature profile, which acts as baroclinic forcing, controlled by a parameter TE determining the forced equator-to-pole temperature gradient. As TE increases, a transition takes place from a stationary regime to a periodic regime, and eventually to an earth-like chaotic regime where evolution takes place on a strange attractor. The dependence of the attractor dimension, metric entropy, and bounding box volume in phase space is studied by varying both TE and model resolution. The statistical properties of observables having physical relevance, namely the total energy of the system and the latitudinally averaged zonal wind, are also examined. It is emphasized that while the attractor's properties are quite sensitive to model resolution, the global physical observables depend less critically on it. For more detailed physical observables, such as the latitudinal profiles of the zonal wind, model resolution again may be critical: the effectiveness of the zonal wind convergence, acting as barotropic stabilization of the baroclinic waves, heavily relies on the details of the latitudinal structure of the fields. The necessity and complementarity of both the dynamical systems and physical approach is underlined.
Scalar Casimir effect between Dirichlet spheres or a plate and a sphere

We present a simple formalism for the evaluation of the Casimir energy for two spheres and a sphere and a plane, in case of a scalar fluctuating field, valid at any separations. We compare the exact results with various approximation schemes and establish when such schemes become useful. The formalism can be easily extended to any number of spheres and/or planes in three or arbitrary dimensions, with a variety of boundary conditions or nonoverlapping potentials/nonideal reflectors.
Relations Between Teacher Questioning and Student Talk in One Elementary ELL Classroom

The purpose of this article is to raise awareness of how the varied form and responsive and response-able use of teacher questions can invite and direct not only more student talk in classrooms but elicit specific and varied features of student talk that enhance comprehension building and provide evidence of student engagement and high-level thinking. I examine one teacher’s questioning patterns and their relationship with types of student talk and learning in an elementary English language learning (ELL) classroom. I focus on two lessons, purposefully selected for differing student talk outcomes. I present a comparative look at descriptive statistics detailing teacher questioning patterning (in terms of typology, contingency, convergence-divergence, textual, extra-textual). I then illustrate how patterns of teacher questioning influence student talk and learning across these two lessons through close discourse analysis of representative classroom talk excerpts. I show how this teacher’s questions are varied in form but consistently contingent on and responsive to students’ talk contributions, even though in one lesson students struggle to make sense of surface meaning in the focal text and in the other lesson, students easily relate to the focal text. This teacher’s willingness to listen, and wield questioning to follow and selectively support student ideas, purposes, and lines of reasoning, supports dialogic talk for thinking and learning. Student talk for thinking and learning is present, but looks different, in both lessons.
Progression of disc and field damage in early glaucoma.

To assess the temporal relationship between visual field progression and optic disc deterioration in early glaucoma, we studied 15 patients with unilateral visual field loss from primary open angle glaucoma. Planimetric optic disc measurements were compared with automated static threshold perimetry during a mean follow-up of 6.1 years. Eight (53%) of 15 eyes with an initially normal visual field showed progression of the disc; six of these eyes did not develop field abnormalities. The mean rates of rim-area loss were 1.7%/y in eyes with initially normal fields and 2.1%/y in eyes with initial field loss. The mean rate of visual field deterioration (change in corrected loss variance) was lower in the eyes with an initially normal field (0.3 dB2/y) than in eyes with initial field loss (3.6 dB2/y; P = .016). This longitudinal study documents progressive disc damage prior to field loss in early glaucoma.
Witnessing violence and self-harming behaviors in women and men with severe mental illness

ABSTRACT People with severe mental illness (SMI) report high rates of having witnessed violence resulting in injury or death, but little is known about the relationship between having witnessed violence and self-harming behaviors. With 420 women and men diagnosed with SMI, we tested the hypothesis that one or more lifetime episodes of having seen someone “seriously harmed or killed in combat, home, or crime situation” would correlate with self-harming behaviors while controlling for other correlates of self-harm. Results showed that depression and having witnessed another person being harmed or killed were significantly associated with self-harm. Limitations included the cross-sectional design.
Prognostic significance and potential therapeutic target of VEGFR2 in hepatocellular carcinoma

Background Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) has been suggested to play an important role in solid tumours. Although several reports have shown the relationship between VEGFR2 expression and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the expression pattern of VEGFR2 in HCC parenchyma or stroma, as well as the relationship between VEGFR2 expression and clinicopathological characteristics in HCC, are yet to be satisfactorily defined. Methods One-step real-time PCR, western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to characterise the expression of VEGFR2 in HCC using a self-made anti-VEGFR2 monoclonal antibody (A8H1). Results Expression of VEGFR2 in HCC cells was higher than in hepatic cells (p<0.001). Comparison of clinicopathological characteristics and immunohistochemistry by χ2 test analysis showed that the high expression of VEGFR2 in HCC was related to large tumour diameter (p=0.012), poor differentiation (p=0.007), high serum α-fetoprotein (p=0.029), multifocal gross classification (p=0.007), and less than 5 years' survival (p=0.029). Kaplan–Meier survival and Cox regression analyses showed that high VEGFR2 expression (p=0.009) and stage grouping with TNM classification (p=0.004) were independent prognotic factors. Conclusions The efficacy of A8H1 in immunohistochemistry using HCC tissues was confirmed. There was a correlation of high VEGFR2 expression with prognostic significance in HCC. Additionally, the self-made anti-VEGFR2 monoclonal antibody could be used for future anti-HCC-targeted therapy research.
The Origin of Angular Momentum in Dark Matter Halos

We propose a new explanation for the origin of angular momentum in galaxies and their dark halos, in which the halos obtain their spin through the cumulative acquisition of angular momentum from satellite accretion. In our model, the buildup of angular momentum is a random walk process associated with the mass assembly history of the halo's major progenitor. We assume no correlation between the angular momenta of accreted objects. The main role of tidal torques in this approach is to produce the random tangential velocities of merging satellites. Using the extended Press-Schechter approximation, we calculate the growth of mass, angular momentum, and spin parameter λ for many halos. Our random walk model reproduces the key features of the angular momentum of halos found in ΛCDM N-body simulations: a lognormal distribution in λ with an average of ≈ 0.045 and dispersion σλ = 0.56, independent of mass and redshift. The evolution of the spin parameter in individual halos in this model is quite different from the steady increase with time of angular momentum in the tidal torque picture. We find both in N-body simulations and in our random walk model that the value of λ changes significantly with time for a halo's major progenitor. It typically has a sharp increase due to major mergers and a steady decline during periods of gradual accretion of small satellites. The model predicts that, on average, the λ of ~1012 M☉ halos that had major mergers after redshift z = 3 should be substantially larger than the λ of those that did not. Perhaps surprisingly, this suggests that halos that host later forming elliptical galaxies should rotate faster than halos of spiral galaxies.
Controlling Large-Scale Self-Organized Networks with Lightweight Cost for Fast Adaptation to Changing Environments

Self-organization has potential for high scalability, adaptability, flexibility, and robustness, which are vital features for realizing future networks. Convergence of self-organizing control, however, is slow in some practical applications compared to control with conventional deterministic systems using global information. It is therefore important to facilitate convergence of self-organizing controls. In controlled self-organization, which introduces an external controller into self-organizing systems, the network is controlled to guide systems to a desired state. Although existing controlled self-organization schemes could achieve this feature, convergence speed for reaching an optimal or semioptimal solution is still a challenging task. We perform potential-based self-organizing routing and propose an optimal feedback method using a reduced-order model for faster convergence at low cost. Simulation results show that the proposed mechanism improves the convergence speed of potential-field construction (i.e., route construction) by at most 22.6 times with low computational and communication cost.
Expression of Escherichia coli pabA

Escherichia coli pabA encodes the glutamine amidotransferase subunit of p-aminobenzoate synthase. p-Aminobenzoate synthase catalyzes the conversion of chorismate and glutamine to 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate, which is then converted to p-aminobenzoate by a 4-amino-4-deoxychorismate lyase. The 5'-terminal segment of pabA was previously shown to be transcribed from two different promoters, one near the pabA coding sequence (P1) and one preceding fic (P2). However, a pabA-lacZ translational fusion was expressed only from the mRNA originating at P1. We have determined that expression of a pabA-lacZ chromosomal fusion is not changed by p-aminobenzoate limitation, growth rate, catabolite repression, overexpression of either p-aminobenzoate synthase subunit, or gene dosage of pabA and pabB. The lack of pabA expression from P2 appears to be the result of a stable secondary structure in the intergenic space preceding pabA that sequesters the pabA ribosome binding site. Disruption of the secondary structure by mutation allowed expression of pabA from P2, as did translation of ribosomes into the fic-pabA intergenic region.
Atypical lobular hyperplasia and lobular carcinoma in situ at core needle biopsy of the breast: An incidental finding or are there characteristic imaging findings?

BACKGROUND Atypical lobular hyperplasia and classic-type lobular carcinoma in situ, collectively known as lobular neoplasia, are classically described as incidental findings found on breast core-needle biopsy without distinguishing imaging characteristics. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate concordant imaging findings of lobular neoplasia identified at core-needle biopsy after careful radiologic-pathologic correlation. METHODS The pathology database was searched from October 1, 2006 to October 1, 2013 for breast biopsies yielding lobular neoplasia not associated with a coexistent malignancy or other high risk lesion in the biopsy specimen. RESULTS Of the 482 biopsies performed containing lobular neoplasia, 65 cases had lobular neoplasia as the highest risk lesion at core-needle biopsy. Of the 65 total cases in which lobular neoplasia was the highest risk lesion, 18 (28%) cases had concordant imaging correlates. 13 of 18 (72%) cases presented as calcifications on mammography and 5 of 18 (28%) presented on magnetic resonance imaging as a focus (n = 2) or non-mass enhancement (n = 3). CONCLUSION With careful radiologic-pathologic correlation, mammographically detected calcifications and foci or non-mass enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging can be considered concordant imaging findings of lobular neoplasia after breast core-needle biopsy.
Harmonic suppression for planar ultrawideband bandpass filters employing broadside-coupled microstrip patches

The design of a planar bandpass filter with ultra-wideband behavior and suppressed second harmonic is presented. The proposed filter utilizes broadside coupling between elliptical microstrip patches at the top and bottom layers of the filter's structure via an elliptical slot located on the ground plane on the mid layer. Short stubs are introduced in the mid layer to suppress the higher harmonics. The design procedure for a two-section broadside-coupled filter with suppressed harmonics is explained. The results of full-wave electromagnetic simulations show that the designed device has a 3 dB insertion loss bandwidth from 3.1 to 10.6 GHz, a sharp cutoff stopband, and more than 20 dB insertion loss in the stopband. The designed filter has a compact size of 1.5 cm × 2.5 cm.
Metric Construction, Stopping Times and Path Coupling

In this paper we examine the importance of the choice of metric in path coupling, and the relationship of this to stopping time analysis. We give strong evidence that stopping time analysis is no more powerful than standard path coupling. In particular, we prove a stronger theorem for path coupling with stopping times, using a metric which allows us to restrict analysis to standard one-step path coupling. This approach provides insight for the design of nonstandard metrics giving improvements in the analysis of specific problems. We give illustrative applications to hypergraph independent sets and SAT instances, hypergraph colourings and colourings of bipartite graphs. In particular we prove rapid mixing for Glauber dynamics on independent sets in hypergraphs whenever the minimum edge size m and � .
The Diagnostic Interview Schedule and anorexia nervosa in Hong Kong.

The February 1993Archivesarticle by Chen et al1is an important step toward a methodologically sound approach to the epidemiological study of psychiatric disorders in the Chinese community of Hong Kong. Only one female withDSM-IIIdiagnosis for anorexia nervosa among 7229 subjects (3786 females and 3443 males; age range, 18 to 64 years) was identified, giving a low lifetime prevalence of 0.03% in females. It confirms the customary belief that anorexia nervosa is a condition "bound" to western cultures and is extremely rare in Chinese people. However, such a presumptive belief should be tempered until factors relating to patients' presenting mode of distress, help-seeking behavior, investigators' alertness to abnormal eating behavior as psychiatric morbidity, and the diagnostic criteria used are elucidated. Regarding the Chinese, besides recent reports from Taiwan and Hong Kong2on anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, Song and Fang3described nine females with
Pancreatic α Cell Function in the Fetal Foal During Late Gestation

Plasma glucagon concentrations were measured in chronically catheterized fetal ponies and their mothers between 260 days of gestation and term (≈ 335 days). Fetal α cell responses to arginine and variations in fetal glycaemia were also examined during late gestation. Immunoreactive glucagon was present in fetal plasma at 260 days of gestation and its concentration in utero increased after 320 days and then again at birth. Maternal plasma glucagon concentrations were higher after 300 days than earlier in gestation but were lower than the corresponding fetal value throughout the period of gestation studied. Fetal α cells responded rapidly to intravenous arginine infusion but not to changes in the fetal glucose level induced by maternal fasting for 36 h or by intrafetal infusion of glucose. The maximal increment in fetal plasma glucagon in response to arginine occurred at the end of the 5 min infusion and was positively correlated to the basal pre‐infusion plasma glucagon concentrations. Fetal plasma glucagon concentrations were unaffected by either hyper‐ or hypoglycaemia. In contrast, maternal plasma glucagon levels were significantly increased by fasting. These observations indicate that equine pancreatic α cells are functional in utero but that they are unresponsive to variations in glycaemia until after birth.