Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Author ' s personal copy Monograph Work – nonwork boundary management pro fi les : A person-centered approach

In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier's archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t The goal of this paper is to advance the measurement and theory of work–nonwork boundary management styles. Boundary management styles are defined as the approaches individuals use to demarcate boundaries and attend to work and family and other nonwork roles, given identity centralities and perceived boundary control. We argue that research should be augmented with a person-centered approach, which examines how psychological measures are integrated into configurations. Integrating role and boundary theories, we identify three main characteristics of work-nonwork boundary management: (1) cross-role interruption behaviors (work to nonwork, and nonwork to work interruptions); (2) identity centrality of work and family roles, and (3) perceived control of boundaries. Using a variable-centered approach, we refined and validated these measures to create an assessment (Work–Life Indicator) that captured boundary management profiles. The profiles reflect how interruption behaviors, identity centralities, and boundary control interrelate to cluster into profiles, a set of psychological characteristics organized into a pattern of work–nonwork boundary functioning. We identify boundary management profiles and examine their relationships to key work-family outcomes. Regardless of the level and direction of interruption behaviors and centrality of work–family identities, we found that low control boundary management profiles (reactors, job warriors) tended to experience more negative work and family outcomes than did high control profiles (fusion lovers, dividers, family guardians, eclectics).
Fourteen Pedagogical Patterns

The following fourteen patterns form the beginning approaches to a pattern language for Computer Science course development. They might have application to other fields as well. The patterns are not all at the same level of scale. Some speak to the overall course organization and some to very low level things. The general flow is from large structure (semester courses) to small scale (daily activities). A long term goal is to develop them into a proper language. This will require supplementing them with others as well.
Real-time object detection for "smart" vehicles

This paper presents an efficient shape-based object detection method based on Distance Transforms and describes its use for real-time vision on-board vehicles. The method uses a template hierarchy to capture the variety of object shapes; efficient hierarchies can be generated offline for given shape distributions using stochastic optimization techniques (i.e. simulated annealing). Online, matching involves a simultaneous coarse-to-fine approach over the shape hierarchy and over the transformation parameters. Very large speed-up factors are typically obtained when comparing this approach with the equivalent brute-force formulation; we have measured gains of several orders of magnitudes. We present experimental results on the real-time detection of traffic signs and pedestrians from a moving vehicle. Because of the highly time sensitive nature of these vision tasks, we also discuss some hardware-specific implementations of the proposed method as far as SIMD parallelism is concerned.
On the identification of parametric underspread linear systems

Identification of time-varying linear systems, which introduce both time-shifts (delays) and frequency-shifts (Doppler-shifts), is a central task in many engineering applications. This paper studies the problem of identification of underspread linear systems (ULSs), defined as time-varying linear systems whose responses lie within a unit-area region in the delay-Doppler space, by probing them with a known input signal. The main contribution of the paper is that it characterizes conditions on the bandwidth and temporal support of the input signal that ensure identification of ULSs described by a finite set of delays and Doppler-shifts, and referred to as parametric ULSs, from single observations. In particular, the paper establishes that sufficiently-underspread parametric linear systems are identifiable as long as the time-bandwidth product of the input signal is proportional to the square of the total number of delay-Doppler pairs in the system. In addition, the paper describes a procedure that enables identification of parametric ULSs from an input train of pulses in polynomial time by exploiting recent results on sub-Nyquist sampling for time delay estimation and classical results on recovery of frequencies from a sum of complex exponentials.
Lipid Emulsion for Local Anesthetic Systemic Toxicity

The accidental overdose of local anesthetics may prove fatal. The commonly used amide local anesthetics have varying adverse effects on the myocardium, and beyond a certain dose all are capable of causing death. Local anesthetics are the most frequently used drugs amongst anesthetists and although uncommon, local anaesthetic systemic toxicity accounts for a high proportion of mortality, with local anaesthetic-induced cardiac arrest particularly resistant to standard resuscitation methods. Over the last decade, there has been convincing evidence of intravenous lipid emulsions as a rescue in local anesthetic-cardiotoxicity, and anesthetic organisations, over the globe have developed guidelines on the use of this drug. Despite this, awareness amongst practitioners appears to be lacking. All who use local anesthetics in their practice should have an appreciation of patients at high risk of toxicity, early symptoms and signs of toxicity, preventative measures when using local anesthetics, and the initial management of systemic toxicity with intravenous lipid emulsion. In this paper we intend to discuss the pharmacology and pathophysiology of local anesthetics and toxicity, and the rationale for lipid emulsion therapy.
Revista Española De Cirugía Ortopédica Y Traumatología Knee Arthrodesis in Rescue Surgery: a Study of 18 Cases

Background: The aim of the study is to evaluate the functional outcome, complications and general health in patients undergoing knee arthrodesis. Methods: Eighteen patients undergoing knee arthrodesis due to contraindication of primary or revision of a total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Anatomical arthrodesis was performed if there was a good contact of the two bone surfaces, whereas if it was not possible to achieve adequate femoral-tibial contact, artificial arthrodesis was performed. Function was assessed using the WOMAC score, and the health status using the SF-36. Results: Four patients were diagnosed with anatomical non-union arthrodesis and required a secondary surgical procedure to achieve fusion. Patients with artificial fusion did not have any secondary procedure. Patients less than 65 years old and the patients with anatomical fusion had a better outcome in the physical role and body pain area using the SF-36 score. WOMAC index outcomes were similar in all patients, regardless of age and fusion type. Conclusions: Anatomical and artificial arthrodesis of the knee achieved pain relief, acceptable function of the limb and an adequate quality of life, with the best results in patients less than 65 years old.
Argumentation Based Constraint Acquisition

Efficient acquisition of constraint networks is a key factor for the applicability of constraint problem solving methods. Current techniques learn constraint networks from sets of training examples, where each example is classified as either a solution or non-solution of a target network. However, in addition to this classification, an expert can usually provide arguments as to why examples should be rejected or accepted. Generally speaking domain specialists have partial knowledge about the theory to be acquired which can be exploited for knowledge acquisition. Based on this observation, we discuss the various types of arguments an expert can formulate and develop a knowledge acquisition algorithm for processing these types of arguments which gives the expert the possibility to input arguments in addition to the learning examples. The result of this approach is a significant reduction in the number of examples which must be provided to the learner in order to learn the target constraint network.
Thrombospondin‐1‐induced apoptosis of brain microvascular endothelial cells can be mediated by TNF‐R1

Thrombospondin‐1 (TSP‐1) treatment of dermal microvascular endothelial cells (MvEC) has been shown to upregulate Fas ligand (FasL) and to induce apoptosis by a mechanism that requires caspase‐8 activity. We have examined the potential anti‐angiogenic effects of TSP‐1 on primary human brain MvEC. The addition of TSP‐1 to primary human brain MvEC cultured as monolayers on type 1 collagen, induced cell death and apoptosis (evidenced by caspase‐3 cleavage) in a dose‐ (5–30 nM) and time‐dependent (maximal at 17 h) manner. TSP‐1 treatment for 17 h induced caspase‐3 cleavage that required caspase‐8 activity and the tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNF‐R1). We did not find a requirement for Fas, or the tumor necrosis‐related apoptosis‐inducing ligand receptors (TRAIL‐R) 1 and 2. We confirmed the findings using caspase inhibitors, blocking antibodies and small interfering RNA (siRNA). Further analysis indicated that the TSP‐1 induction of caspase‐3 cleavage of primary human brain MvEC adherent to collagen required the synthesis of new message and protein, and that TSP‐1 induced the expression of TNFα mRNA and protein. Consistent with these findings, when the primary human brain MvEC were propagated on collagen gels mAb anti‐TNF‐R1 reversed the inhibitory effect, in part, of TSP‐1 on tube formation and branching. These data identify a novel mechanism whereby TSP‐1 can inhibit angiogenesis‐through induction of apoptosis in a process mediated by TNF‐R1. J. Cell. Physiol. 218: 94–103, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Proximal tubular dysfunction and kidney injury associated with tenofovir in HIV patients: a case series

Background Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) may cause acute kidney injury and proximal tubular dysfunction. However, no detailed studies document urinary phosphate wasting as a marker of TDF-induced tubulopathy. Methods Records of HIV-infected patients with presumed TDF toxicity were reviewed. We describe the characteristics and clinical course of 15 patients who had documented elevated (>20%) fractional excretion of phosphate (FEphos). Results Patients were predominantly Caucasian and male (73 and 80%, respectively), with a mean age of 56 years (range 38–76). Of the 15 patients, 11 had a estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of >90 mL/min/1.732 at time of TDF initiation. The mean duration of TDF therapy prior to diagnosis of TDF toxicity was 64 months. Mean FEphos was 34% (range 20–62). The mean eGFR at TDF initiation was 104 mL/min/1.73 m2 [standard deviation (SD) 17.0] with a gradual decline to 69 mL/min/1.73 m2 (SD 19.0) by the time of TDF discontinuation. Of 10 patients with repeated FEphos after TDF discontinuation, 9 had improvement of their FEphos. Of these individuals, 6 had normalization of their FEphos. Estimated GFR improved in 12 patients after discontinuation of TDF, though importantly, none returned to their baseline eGFR. Conclusions Urinary phosphate wasting is a sensitive marker for TDF-induced proximal tubulopathy and is associated with unrecognized and permanent renal function decline. Tubular dysfunction can develop after years of TDF therapy in those with normal kidney function at the time of drug initiation. This suggests that continuing vigilance be maintained in all those on TDF.
Anabolic steroids in COPD: a review and preliminary results of a randomized trial

Patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) commonly develop weight loss, muscle wasting, and consequently poor survival. Nutritional supplementation and anabolic steroids increase lean body mass, improve muscle strength, and survival in patients enrolled in comprehensive rehabilitation programs. Whether anabolic steroids are effective outside an intensive rehabilitation program is not known. We conducted a prospective, double-blind, placebo-controlled, 16-week trial to study the benefits of anabolic steroids in patients with severe COPD who did not participate in a structured rehabilitation program. Biweekly intramuscular injections of either the drug (nandrolone decanoate) or placebo were administered. Sixteen patients with severe COPD were randomized to either placebo or nandrolone decanoate. The placebo group weighed 55.32 ± 11.33 kg at baseline and 54.15 ± 10.80 kg at 16 weeks; the treatment group weighed 68.80 ± 6.58 at baseline and 67.92 ± 6.73 at 16 weeks. Lean body mass remained unchanged, 71 ± 6 vs. 71 ± 7 kg in placebo group and 67 ± 7 vs. 67 ± 7 in treatment group, at baseline and 16 weeks respectively. The distance walked on 6 min was unchanged at baseline, 8 weeks, and 16 weeks in placebo (291.17 ± 134.83, 282.42 ± 115.39, 286.00 ± 82.63 m) and treatment groups (336.13 ± 127.59, 364.83 ± 146.99, 327.00 ± 173.73 m). No improvement occurred in forced expiratory volume in one second, forced vital capacity, maximal inspiratory pressure, maximal expiratory pressure, VO2 max or 6-min walk distance or health related quality of life. Administration of anabolic steroids (nandrolone decanoate) outside a dedicated rehabilitation program did not lead to either weight gain, improvement in physiological function, or better quality of life in patients with severe COPD.
IEEE-1588TM STANDARD FOR A PRECISION CLOCK SYNCHRONIZATION PROTOCOL FOR NETWORKED MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL SYSTEMS

Temporal relationships have always been an important element in the measurement and control of industrial physical systems. In small closed systems time is usually implicit in the operation of electronic circuits or in the execution patterns of computer programs. As these industrial systems become more complex with sensors, actuators, and computers distributed in space and communicating via networks, the explicit representation of time is often necessary for robust implementations. The temporal and other implementation requirements on industrial systems differ considerably from those found in typical office distributed computing environments. IEEE-1588-2002, ‘Standard for a Precision Clock Synchronization Protocol for Networked Measurement and Control Systems’ was designed to serve the clock synchronization needs of industrial systems.
Genetic Diversity of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Infection in Goats in Southwestern China

Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) affects cows, pigs, sheep, goats, and other ruminants, as well as some wild animals. BVDV causes considerable economic losses every year and many countries have developed programs aimed at the eradication of this disease. The genetic diversity of BVDV in diseased goats has never been described in southwestern China. Thus, in this study, we applied antigen-capture ELISA and RT-PCR to survey the infection rate of BVDV in diseased goats in this region. Our results demonstrated that the average BVDV infection rate in goats was 17.51%, with all positive samples indicating infection by BVDV-1 and not BVDV-2, BVDV-3, or Border disease virus. The molecular characteristics of the 5′-untranslated region (5′-UTR) of BVDV-1 were recognized as belonging predominantly to the BVDV-1a, 1b, 1c, 1m, and 1p subtypes. BVDV-1b and 1m were the most abundant subtypes identified in this region, similar to the BVDV epidemics in cattle in other regions of China. This is the first study that describes the genetic characterization of BVDV in sick goats from southwestern China and is important for future studies and control programs.
Quasi-oppositional Differential Evolution

In this paper, an enhanced version of the opposition-based differential evolution (ODE) is proposed. ODE utilizes opposite numbers in the population initialization and generation jumping to accelerate differential evolution (DE). Instead of opposite numbers, in this work, quasi opposite points are used. So, we call the new extension quasi- oppositional DE (QODE). The proposed mathematical proof shows that in a black-box optimization problem quasi- opposite points have a higher chance to be closer to the solution than opposite points. A test suite with 15 benchmark functions has been employed to compare performance of DE, ODE, and QODE experimentally. Results confirm that QODE performs better than ODE and DE in overall. Details for the proposed approach and the conducted experiments are provided.
The National Trajectory Project of Individuals Found Not Criminally Responsible on Account of Mental Disorder in Canada. Part 1: Context and Methods

The National Trajectory Project examined longitudinal data from a large sample of people found not criminally responsible on account of mental disorder (NCRMD) to assess the presence of provincial differences in the application of the law, to examine the characteristics of people with serious mental illness who come into conflict with the law and receive this verdict, and to investigate the trajectories of NCRMD–accused people as they traverse the mental health and criminal justice systems. Our paper describes the rationale for the National Trajectory Project and the methods used to collect data in Quebec, Ontario, and British Columbia, the 3 most populous provinces in Canada and the 3 provinces with the most people found NCRMD.
Prevalence of obesity, overweight and abdominal obesity and its association with physical activity in a federal university.

A cross sectional study to investigate the prevalence of obesity, overweight and abdominal obesity and its association with the level of physical activity (PA) measured in employees of a Rio de Janeiro University according to the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). 299 employees selected by random sampling were interviewed. The association between PA and anthropometric markers was estimated by Poisson models (robust variance). The prevalence of obesity was 27.4% (men 22.8% and 36.3% women), the prevalence of overweight was 63.5% (men 65.0% and women 65.8%) and the prevalence of abdominal obesity was 45.2% (men 35.5% and 63.7% women). Women reported a higher prevalence of low PA (42.2%) compared to men (33.0%). The models adjusted for socio-demographic and behavioral variables and habits related to health, showed a significant association between PA and the outcomes analyzed. The low level of practice of PA (high level reference) has remained associated with the occurrence of obesity (PR = 1.89; 95%CI 1.05 - 3.42) and overweight (PR = 1.40; 95%CI 1.08 - 1.80). For the abdominal obesity, both the mid level (PR = 1.70; 95%CI 1.11 - 2.58) and the low level (PR = 1.74; 95%CI 1.14 - 2.66) were related. This study found inverse association between the practice of PA and obesity in line with what has been recommended by the WHO, and it reinforces the use of IPAQ in population studies. Specifically in relation to abdominal obesity, a remarkable gradient was not observed between levels of PA, suggesting that what is important is the high level of practice of PA.
Mini-Flank Supra-12th Rib Incision for Open Partial Nephrectomy Compared with Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy and Traditional Open Partial Nephrectomy

Purpose The purpose of this study was to report our approach of partial nephrectomy (PN) using a supra-12th rib mini-flank incision. We compared mini-incision open partial nephrectomy (MI-OPN) with open partial nephrectomy (OPN) and laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) to verify whether MI-OPN can be an alternative to OPN and LPN. Methods This was a retrospective single-center study including 194 patients who underwent partial nephrectomy (PN) between February 2005 and December 2010. Demographic, perioperative, and complication data were compared among the MI-OPN group, OPN group and LPN group. Results No statistical differences were reported in either group for age, sex, BMI, tumour side (right or left kidney), RENAL nephrometry scores, PADUA score and preoperative eGFR. The operative time was longer in LPN group when compared with MI-OPN and OPN group (all P<0.001). The warm ischemia time of LPN group was longer than MI-OPN group (P = 0.032) and OPN group (P = 0.005). The length of stay of LPN group was shorter than OPN group (P = 0.018), but was similar to MI-OPN group (P = 0.094). The incidence of renal artery clamping was lower in OPN group when compared with MI-OPN and LPN group (all P<0.001). More estimated blood loss was found in OPN group when compared with MI-OPN group (p = 0.003) and LPN group (P = 0.014). The overall incidence of postoperative complications was similar. Conclusions The approach of MI-OPN can couple the benefits of both minimally invasive and open partial nephrectomy techniques with less estimated blood loss, shorter operative time, shorter length of stay, less postoperative complications, and a smaller incision. MI-OPN may be an effective alternative to laparoscopic or traditional open approaches, which maybe more suitable for the tumors with high RENAL nephrometry score or PADUA score.
The Impact of DC Pension Systems on Population Dynamics

Abstract This study investigates the risk inherent in defined contribution (DC) pension plans on an individual and aggregate basis, based on U.S. data. Our aim is to gain insight into the consequences of a DC pension scheme becoming the predominant pillar of retirement income for an entire society. Using the stochastic simulated output of a DC flexible age-of-retirement model, we first determine the optimal investment strategies. We then examine the demographic retirement dynamics of an entire population of DC pension plan participants. We observe that even for the most risk-averse plan members there is a high level of uncertainty in an individual’s age at retirement. At the aggregate population level, we find that this uncertainty does not get dampened to any great extent by a diversification effect. Instead, the central role played by the market in determining retirement dates results in significant variation in the dependency ratio (the ratio of retirees to workers) over time. In addition, an attempt to ameliorate the outcome by introducing additional realistic features in the DC population modeling did little to dampen this volatility, which suggests that countries dominated by DC schemes of this type may, over time, be exposed to significant risk in the size of its labor force.
Innate Immune Responses to AAV Vectors

Gene replacement therapy by in vivo delivery of adeno-associated virus (AAV) is attractive as a potential treatment for a variety of genetic disorders. However, while AAV has been used successfully in many models, other experiments in clinical trials and in animal models have been hampered by undesired responses from the immune system. Recent studies of AAV immunology have focused on the elimination of transgene-expressing cells by the adaptive immune system, yet the innate immune system also has a critical role, both in the initial response to the vector and in prompting a deleterious adaptive immune response. Responses to AAV vectors are primarily mediated by the TLR9–MyD88 pathway, which induces the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by activating the NF-κB pathways and inducing type I IFN production; self-complementary AAV vectors enhance these inflammatory processes. Additionally, the alternative NF-κB pathway influences transgene expression in cells transduced by AAV. This review highlights these recent discoveries regarding innate immune responses to AAV and discusses strategies to ablate these potentially detrimental signaling pathways.