Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CRM1 Inhibitors for Antiviral Therapy

Infectious diseases are a major global concern and despite major advancements in medical research, still cause significant morbidity and mortality. Progress in antiviral therapy is particularly hindered by appearance of mutants capable of overcoming the effects of drugs targeting viral components. Alternatively, development of drugs targeting host proteins essential for completion of viral lifecycle holds potential as a viable strategy for antiviral therapy. Nucleocytoplasmic trafficking pathways in particular are involved in several pathological conditions including cancer and viral infections, where hijacking or alteration of function of key transporter proteins, such as Chromosome Region Maintenance1 (CRM1) is observed. Overexpression of CRM1-mediated nuclear export is evident in several solid and hematological malignancies. Interestingly, CRM1-mediated nuclear export of viral components is crucial in various stages of the viral lifecycle and assembly. This review summarizes the role of CRM1 in cancer and selected viruses. Leptomycin B (LMB) is the prototypical inhibitor of CRM1 potent against various cancer cell lines overexpressing CRM1 and in limiting viral infections at nanomolar concentrations in vitro. However, the irreversible shutdown of nuclear export results in high cytotoxicity and limited efficacy in vivo. This has prompted search for synthetic and natural CRM1 inhibitors that can potentially be developed as broadly active antivirals, some of which are summarized in this review.
A DISCUSSION OF THE EVIDENCE FOR KININS AS THE AGENTS OF VASODILATOR REACTIONS *

When a naturally-occurring pharmacological agent of great potency is described, it is tempting to attribute to it many functions in the animal body. From this point of view, ATP, for instance, has experienced short, sporadic outbursts of fame as a substance responsible for manifestations of inflammation, shock and other vasodilator reactions, while histamine likewise posed for a long period of time as the agent of an even wider range of physiological and pathological reactions, before the present period of scepticism and renewed speculation. On the other hand, acetylcholine and the catechol amines solidly remain agents of universally good repute. What will be the fate of bradykinin and/or kallidin? When Dr. Lewis and I were trying to find out the nature of the substance elaborated in the submandibular salivary gland, and responsible for the great vasodilatation which accompanies secretory activity, we were fortunate indeed in having Dr. Rocha e Silva’s bradykinin on hand, for this seemed to fill the bill in every way. In our excitement, we made bradykinin responsible for vasodilator reactions of unknown origin almost everywhere. From its similarity to Dr. Werle’s kallidin and the ubiquitous appearance of kallikreins described by him and his colleagues in tissues and body fluids, we were led to suggest that activation or injury of the cells of many organs may lead to the escape of kinin-forming enzymes into the interstitial fluid, where the kininogen (or substrate) abounds. Our discussion ranged from the regulation of pancreatic blood flow, which we had not measured, to the H-substance or H-colloid of Sir Thomas Lewis and Krogh which had so far eluded identification. We even went so far as to include antidromic vasodilatation in the possible field of action of bradykinin. Rocha e Silva had naturally been interested in the pathogenesis of certain types of shock and both he and his colleague Beraldo had discussed the possible role of bradykinin in shock, anaphylaxis and inflammation. Thus, though Frey, Kraut and Schultz’s original idea (1930) of kallikrein as a circulatory hormone may not have stood the test of time, their work and that of their colleagues have made a major contribution to the present widespread interest in the role of a new group of peptides. Functional Vasodilatation
Stack and Queue Layouts of Posets

The stacknumber (queuenumber) of a poset is defined as the stacknumber (queuenumber) of its Hasse diagram viewed as a directed acyclic graph. Upper bounds on the queuenumber of a poset are derived in terms of its jumpnumber, its length, its width, and the queuenumber of its covering graph. A lower bound of $\Omega(\sqrt n)$ is shown for the queuenumber of the class of n-element planar posets. The queuenumber of a planar poset is shown to be within a small constant factor of its width. The stacknumber of n-element posets with planar covering graphs is shown to be $\Theta(n)$. These results exhibit sharp differences between the stacknumber and queuenumber of posets as well as between the stacknumber (queuenumber) of a poset and the stacknumber (queuenumber) of its covering graph.
An information-theoretic look at MIMO energy-efficient communications

One of the main objectives of this paper is to provide an information-theoretic answer on how to maximize energy-efficiency in MIMO (multiple input multiple output) systems. In static and fast fading channels, for which arbitrarily reliable communications are possible, it is shown that the best precoding scheme (which includes power allocation) is to transmit at very low power (Q → 0). Whereas energy-efficiency is maximized in this regime, the latter also corresponds to communicating at very small transmission rates (R → 0). In slow fading or quasi-static MIMO systems (where reliability cannot be ensured), based on the proposed information-theoretic performance measure, it is proven that energy-efficiency is maximized for a non-trivial precoding scheme; in particular, transmitting at zero power or saturating the transmit power constraint is suboptimal. The determination of the best precoding scheme is shown to be a new open problem. Based on this statement, the best precoding scheme is determined in several special but useful cases. As a second step, we show how to use the proposed energy-efficiency measure to analyze the important case of distributed power allocation in MIMO multiple access channels. Simulations show the benefits brought by multiple antennas for saving energy while guaranteeing the system to reach a given transmission rate target.
Occupational coping self-efficacy explains distress and well-being in nurses beyond psychosocial job characteristics

Aim: The main purpose of the present study was to extend the Job Demand Control Support (JDCS) model analyzing the direct and interactive role of occupational coping self-efficacy (OCSE) beliefs. Background: OCSE refers to an individual’s beliefs about their ability to cope with occupational stressors. The interplay between occupational stressors, job resources, and self-efficacy beliefs is poorly investigated. The present research attempts to address this gap. Design: Cross-sectional survey. Method: Questionnaire data from 1479 nurses (65% response) were analyzed. Hierarchical regression analyses were used to test the direct and moderating role of OCSE in conjunction with job demands (i.e., time pressure), and two job resources: job control (i.e., decision latitude and skill discretion) and social support (i.e., supervisor support and coworker support) in predicting psychological distress and well-being. Results: Our findings indicated that high demands, low job control, and low social support additively predicted the distress/well-being outcomes (job satisfaction, emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, psychological distress, and somatic complaints). Beyond the main effects, no significant interactive effects of demands, control, and support were found. OCSE accounted for an additional 1–4% of the variance in the outcomes, after controlling for the JDCS variables. In addition, the results indicate that OCSE buffers the association between low job control and the distress dimensions emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and psychological distress. Low control was detrimental only for nurses with low OCSE. Conclusion: Our results suggest expanding the JDCS model incorporating individual characteristics such as OCSE beliefs, for predicting psychological distress and well-being. Limitations of the study and practical implications are discussed.
Predicting Victory in a Hybrid Online Competitive Game: The Case of Destiny

Competitive multi-player game play is a common feature in major commercial titles, and has formed the foundation for esports. In this paper, the question whether it is possible to predict match outcomes in First Person Shooter-type multi-player competitive games with mixed genres is addressed.The case employed is Destiny, which forms a hybrid title combining Massively Multi-player Online Role-Playing game features and First-Person Shooter games. Destiny provides the opportunity to investigate prediction of the match outcome, as well as the influence of performance metrics on the match results in a hybrid multi-player major commercial title. Two groups of models are presented for predicting match results: One group predicts match results for each individual game mode and the other group predicts match results in general, without considering specific game modes. Models achieve a performance between 63% and 99%in terms of average precision, with a higher performance recorded for the models trained on specific multi-player game modes, of which Destiny has several. We also analyzed performance metrics and their influence for each model. The results show that many key shooter performance metrics such as Kill/Death ratio are relevant across game modes, but also that some performance metrics are mainly important for specific competitive game modes. The results indicate that reliable match prediction is possible in FPS-type esports games.
Immunoassays Based on Penicillium marneffei Mp1p Derived from Pichia pastoris Expression System for Diagnosis of Penicilliosis

Background Penicillium marneffei is a dimorphic fungus endemic in Southeast Asia. It can cause fatal penicilliosis in humans, particularly in HIV-infected people. Diagnosis of this infection is difficult because its clinical manifestations are not distinctive. Specialized laboratory tests are necessary to establish a definitive diagnosis for successful management. We have demonstrated previously that a cell wall mannoprotein Mp1p, abundant in P. marneffei, is a potential biomarker for diagnosis of P. marneffei infections. In the present study, we describe immunoassays based on Mp1p derived from the yeast Pichia pastoris expression system. Methodology/Principal Findings We generated monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and rabbit polyclonal antibodies (PAbs) against Mp1p expressed in P. pastoris. Subsequently, we developed two Mp1p antigen capture ELISAs which employed MAbs for both the capture and detecting antibodies (MAb-MAb pair) or PAbs and MAbs as the capture and detecting antibodies (PAbs-MAb pair) respectively. The two Mp1p antigen ELISAs detected Mp1p specifically in cultures of P. marneffei yeast phase at 37–40°C and had no cross-reaction with other tested pathogenic fungi. The sensitivities and specificities of the two antigen assays were found to be 55% (11/20) and 99.6% (538/540) for MAb-MAb Mp1p ELISA, and 75% (15/20) and 99.4% (537/540) for PAbs-MAb Mp1p ELISA performed using 20 sera with culture-confirmed penicilliosis, and 540 control sera from 15 other mycosis patients and 525 healthy donors. Meanwhile, we also developed an anti-Mp1p IgG antibody ELISA with an evaluated sensitivity of 30% (6/20) and a specificity of 98.5% (532/540) using the same sera. Furthermore, combining the results of Mp1p antigen and antibody detection improved the sensitivity of diagnosis to 100% (20/20). Conclusions/Significance Simultaneous detection of antigen and antibody using the immunoassays based on Mp1p derived from P. pastoris greatly improves detection sensitivity. The procedures should be useful for the routine diagnosis of penicilliosis.
A Biomarker Validation Study of Prenatal Chlorpyrifos Exposure within an Inner-City Cohort during Pregnancy

Background We previously documented significant decreases in chlorpyrifos concentrations in maternal personal and indoor air samples among pregnant African-American and Dominican women from New York City after the 2000–2001 restrictions on its residential use. Objective We undertook a biomarker validation study within the same cohort to evaluate trends over time in multiple biomarkers of prenatal chlorpyrifos exposure. Methods Subjects were enrolled between February 2001 and May 2004 (n = 102). We measured 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy) in postpartum meconium (n = 83), repeat prenatal maternal spot urine samples (n = 253), and postnatal urine from the mothers (n = 73) and newborns (n = 59). We measured chlorpyrifos in postnatal maternal (n = 92) and umbilical cord (n = 65) blood. Results We did not detect TCPy in infant urine, but all other biomarkers showed a highly significant decrease in detection frequencies (χ2 = 7.8–34.0, p ≤ 0.005) and mean ranks (p ≤ 0.006, Kruskal–Wallis) among subjects enrolled in 2003–2004 compared with those enrolled in 2001–2002. Chlorpyrifos in maternal personal and indoor air declined 2- to 3-fold over the same period (p < 0.05). In 2001–2002 samples, TCPy levels in repeat prenatal urine were positively correlated (r = 0.23–0.56), but within-subject variability exceeded between-subject variability (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.43); indoor air levels explained 19% of the variance in prenatal urine TCPy (p = 0.001). Meconium TCPy concentrations were positively correlated with chlorpyrifos in maternal and cord blood (r = 0.25–0.33, p < 0.05) and with TCPy in maternal urine (r = 0.31, p < 0.01). Conclusions Results suggest the biomarkers are reliable dosimeters to differentiate between groups with prenatal chlorpyrifos exposures varying by a factor of 2 or more and vividly illustrate the efficacy of residential restriction on chlorpyrifos to reduce the internal dose during pregnancy.
DIFFUSER AUGMENTEDRUN THE RIVER AND TIDAL PICO-HYDROPOWER GENERATION SYSTEM

At our current state of technological development, the designs being proposed for the “channeling of a turbine” based on wind power, commonly called DAWT (Diffuser-Augmented) or CWAT (Compact-Acceleration), utilize a diffuser (divergent) shaped as an airfoil. Further developments of the concept have brought about the introduction of other wingedprofiled ring structures behind or in front of the entrance to the divergent making the design more complicated as well as more expensive due to the difficulty of producing correct contours. Even though this results in an increase in power, it usually is limited to slightly more than a four-fold increase at most. In addition, brims (wing-lens) have been recently added around the external edges of the diffuser. Nonetheless, brims thus designed, are not suitable for use in a river due to the significant stress that the structure as a whole needs to withstand. No design, proposed until now, includes a convergent at the entrance to a turbine due to the obstruction effect that it has on the flow of water into the turbine, slowing it down and thereby reducing the acceleration produced by the “channelizing” divergent. This article will introduce an innovative convergent-divergent to which can be inserted a hydro-kinetic turbine which will increase the maximum output power available 12.7 times compared with a free turbine.
STUDYING FACTORS THAT AFFECT INTELLECTUAL CAPITAL PERFORMANCE IN LISTED BANKS IN TEHRAN STOCK EXCHANGE

Intellectual capital, knowledge management and intangible assets are three important factors for determining the value of an organization, since, in the present era they have attracted much attentions, we study the impact of some financial ratios on the value added of intellectual capital in the banking industry and the method of this study is correlation, the correlation between financial ratios and value added of intellectual capital. We used Rahavard Novin software for data collection and SPSS and EVIES software for data analysis. The research period is from 2007 to 2012 and we used multiple regression models for statistical method. The results of the research hypotheses testing indicate there is no significant relation between intellectual capital performance and relative efficiency of the bank, however, there is a negative relation between intellectual capital performance and barriers to entry, and banking and ratio of staff costs, and there is a direct, positive relation between intellectual capital performance, banks profitability and bank risk.
Computing on an anonymous ring

The computational capabilities of a system of n indistinguishable (anonymous) processors arranged on a ring in the synchronous and asynchronous models of distributed computation are analyzed. A precise characterization of the functions that can be computed in this setting is given. It is shown that any of these functions can be computed in O(r? ) messages in the asynchronous model. This is also proved to be a lower bound for such elementary functions as AND, SUM, and Orientation. In the synchronous model any computable function can be computed in O(n log n) messages. A ring can be oriented and start synchronized within the same bounds. The main contribution of this paper is a new technique for proving lower bounds in the synchronous model. With this technique tight lower bounds of O(nlogn) (for particular n) are proved for XOR, SUM, Orientation, and Start Synchronization. The technique is based on a string-producing mechanism from formal language theory, first introduced by Thue to study square-free words. Two methods for generalizing the synchronous lower bounds to arbitrary ring sizes are presented.
Succession of Bacterial Communities during Early Plant Development: Transition from Seed to Root and Effect of Compost Amendment

ABSTRACT Compost amendments to soils and potting mixes are routinely applied to improve soil fertility and plant growth and health. These amendments, which contain high levels of organic matter and microbial cells, can influence microbial communities associated with plants grown in such soils. The purpose of this study was to follow the bacterial community compositions of seed and subsequent root surfaces in the presence and absence of compost in the potting mix. The bacterial community compositions of potting mixes, seed, and root surfaces sampled at three stages of plant growth were analyzed via general and newly developed Bacteroidetes-specific, PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis methodologies. These analyses revealed that seed surfaces were colonized primarily by populations detected in the initial potting mixes, many of which were not detected in subsequent root analyses. The most persistent bacterial populations detected in this study belonged to the genus Chryseobacterium (Bacteroidetes) and the family Oxalobacteraceae (Betaproteobacteria). The patterns of colonization by populations within these taxa differed significantly and may reflect differences in the physiology of these organisms. Overall, analyses of bacterial community composition revealed a surprising prevalence and diversity of Bacteroidetes in all treatments.
Long-term surgical outcomes of porous polyethylene orbital implants: a review of 314 cases

Purpose This study reports on the long-term surgical outcomes after the insertion of porous Medpor orbital implants into anophthalmic sockets. Methods A retrospective chart review of 314 eyes from 314 patients who underwent evisceration, enucleation and secondary procedures using Medpor orbital implants was completed focusing on implant-associated complications and their corrective methods as surgical outcomes. Results The mean follow-up was 50 months (range 6–107 months). The most common complication was blepharoptosis (n=33, 10.5%). Other postoperative complications were exposure (n=14, 4.5%) and implant infection (n=3, 1%). The complications were successfully managed by surgical repair and/or conservative care. Conclusion Using Medpor resulted in similar surgical outcomes, in terms of the types and frequencies of complications, as other kinds of porous orbital implants.
Lectin‐based electrophoretic analysis of the expression of the 35 kDa inter‐α‐trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 fragment in sera of patients with five different malignancies

A 35 kDa glycoprotein whose abundance was previously demonstrated to be enhanced in sera of patients with endometrial adenocarcinoma (n = 12), was isolated from pooled sera of three of the cancer patients using champedak galactose‐binding lectin affinity chromatography in the present study. Subjecting it to 2‐DE and MS/MS, the glycoprotein was identified as the O‐glycosylated fragment of inter‐α‐trypsin inhibitor heavy chain H4 (ITIH4). When compared to control sera (n = 17), expression of the 35 kDa ITIH4 cleavage fragment was demonstrated to be significantly enhanced in sera of patients with breast carcinoma (n = 10), epithelial ovarian carcinoma (n = 10), and germ cell ovarian carcinoma (n = 10) but not in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (n = 13) and osteosarcoma (n = 7). The lectin‐based electrophoretic bioanalytical method adopted in the present study may be used to assess the physiological relevance of ITIH4 fragmentation and its correlation with different malignancies, their stages and progression.
Simultaneous confidence bands for Yule–Walker estimators and order selection

Let $\{X_k,k\in{\mathbb{Z}}\}$ be an autoregressive process of order $q$. Various estimators for the order $q$ and the parameters ${\bolds \Theta}_q=(\theta_1,.,\theta_q)^T$ are known; the order is usually determined with Akaike's criterion or related modifications, whereas Yule-Walker, Burger or maximum likelihood estimators are used for the parameters ${\bolds\Theta}_q$. In this paper, we establish simultaneous confidence bands for the Yule--Walker estimators $\hat{\theta}_i$; more precisely, it is shown that the limiting distribution of ${\max_{1\leq i\leq d_n}}|\hat{\theta}_i-\theta_i|$ is the Gumbel-type distribution $e^{-e^{-z}}$, where $q\in\{0,. ,d_n\}$ and $d_n=\mathcal {O}(n^{\delta})$, $\delta >0$. This allows to modify some of the currently used criteria (AIC, BIC, HQC, SIC), but also yields a new class of consistent estimators for the order $q$. These estimators seem to have some potential, since they outperform most of the previously mentioned criteria in a small simulation study. In particular, if some of the parameters $\{\theta_i\}_{1\leq i\leq d_n}$ are zero or close to zero, a significant improvement can be observed. As a byproduct, it is shown that BIC, HQC and SIC are consistent for $q\in\{0,. ,d_n\}$ where $d_n=\mathcal {O}(n^{\delta})$.