Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting Qualified Audit Opinions Using Financial Ratios : Evidence from the Istanbul Stock Exchange

The purpose of this study is to predict qualified audit opinions by using discriminant, logit and C5.0 decision tree based on twelve financial ratios. The sample consists of 110 firm-years data that includes 55 qualified opinions firm-year observations and 55 unqualified opinions firm-year observations listed in the industry index of Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) for the period 2010-2013. The results show that the variables X10 (retained earnings to total assets) is the significantly most effective variables to identify audit opinions by all of the models used in the study. Other significant variables in the analysis are found to be X6 (equity to total liabilities), X5 (total liabilities to total assets), X12 (net income to equity), X9 (net income to total assets), X3 (Working capital to total assets), X7 (net sales to total assets). The classification results of the models indicate that C5.0 algorithm of decision tree has the greatest classification accuracy rate for explaining unqulified and qualified opinions of the firms, compared to discriminanat and logit models.
A performance-constrained template-based layout retargeting algorithm for analog integrated circuits

Performance of analog integrated circuits is highly sensitive to layout parasitics. This paper presents an improved template-based algorithm that automatically conducts performance-constrained parasitic-aware retargeting and optimization of analog layouts. In order to achieve desired circuit performance, performance sensitivities with respect to layout parasitics are first determined. Then the algorithm applies a piecewise-sensitivity model to control parasitic-related layout geometries by directly constructing a set of performance constraints subject to maximum performance deviation due to parasitics. The formulated problem is finally solved using graph-based techniques combined with mixed-integer nonlinear programming. The proposed method has been incorporated into a parasitic-aware automatic layout optimization and retargeting tool. It has been demonstrated to be effective and efficient especially when adapting layout design for new technologies or updated specifications.
Inhabited studio: Art therapy and mindfulness, resilience, adversity and refugees

ABSTRACT This article looks at two refugee women from different countries who took part in the Inhabited Studio, an art therapy and mindfulness studio which follows an imaginative studio approach. Through these women the article highlights the use of mindfulness and art therapy practice in the context of political violence, trauma and resilience. The themes of safety, imagination, art therapy and mindfulness are explored and the distinctive role these can play in work with political violence. By incorporating both art therapy and mindfulness into one model, the Studio was able to adapt to different people, beliefs, copings skills and traumatic experiences.
Tribendimidine: Mode of Action and nAChR Subtype Selectivity in Ascaris and Oesophagostomum

The cholinergic class of anthelmintic drugs is used for the control of parasitic nematodes. One of this class of drugs, tribendimidine (a symmetrical diamidine derivative, of amidantel), was developed in China for use in humans in the mid-1980s. It has a broader-spectrum anthelmintic action against soil-transmitted helminthiasis than other cholinergic anthelmintics, and is effective against hookworm, pinworms, roundworms, and Strongyloides and flatworm of humans. Although molecular studies on C. elegans suggest that tribendimidine is a cholinergic agonist that is selective for the same nematode muscle nAChR as levamisole, no direct electrophysiological observations in nematode parasites have been made to test this hypothesis. Also the hypothesis that levamisole and tribendimine act on the same receptor, does not explain why tribendimidine is effective against some nematode parasites when levamisole is not. Here we examine the effects of tribendimidine on the electrophysiology and contraction of Ascaris suum body muscle and show that tribendimidine produces depolarization antagonized by the nicotinic antagonist mecamylamine, and that tribendimidine is an agonist of muscle nAChRs of parasitic nematodes. Further pharmacological characterization of the nAChRs activated by tribendimidine in our Ascaris muscle contraction assay shows that tribendimidine is not selective for the same receptor subtypes as levamisole, and that tribendimidine is more selective for the B-subtype than the L-subtype of nAChR. In addition, larval migration inhibition assays with levamisole-resistant Oesophagostomum dentatum isolates show that tribendimidine is as active on a levamisole-resistant isolate as on a levamisole-sensitive isolate, suggesting that the selectivity for levamisole and tribendimidine is not the same. It is concluded that tribendimidine can activate a different population of nematode parasite nAChRs than levamisole, and is more like bephenium. The different nAChR subtype selectivity of tribendimidine may explain why the spectrum of action of tribendimidine is different to that of other cholinergic anthelmintics like levamisole.
Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Insulin Resistance in Youth

Perspectives on the News commentaries are now part of a new, free monthly CME activity. The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, is designating this activity for 2.0 AMA PRA Category 1 credits. If you wish to participate, review this article and visit www.diabetes. procampus.net to complete a posttest and receive a certificate. The Mount Sinai School of Medicine is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (ACCME) to provide continuing medical education for physicians.
Quality measure attainment with dapagliflozin plus metformin extended-release as initial combination therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes: a post hoc pooled analysis of two clinical studies

Background The use of quality measures attempts to improve safety and health outcomes and to reduce costs. In two Phase III trials in treatment-naive patients with type 2 diabetes, dapagliflozin 5 or 10 mg/d as initial combination therapy with metformin extended-release (XR) significantly reduced glycated hemoglobin (A1C) from baseline to 24 weeks and allowed higher proportions of patients to achieve A1C <7% vs dapagliflozin or metformin monotherapy. Objective A pooled analysis of data from these two studies assessed the effect of dapagliflozin 5 or 10 mg/d plus metformin XR (combination therapy) compared with placebo plus metformin XR (metformin monotherapy) on diabetes quality measures. Quality measures include laboratory measures of A1C and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) as well as vital status measures of blood pressure (BP) and body mass index (BMI). The proportion of patients achieving A1C, BP, and LDL-C individual and composite measures was assessed, as was the proportion with baseline BMI ≥25 kg/m2 who lost ≥4.5 kg. Subgroup analyses by baseline BMI were also performed. Results A total of 194 and 211 patients were treated with dapagliflozin 5- or 10-mg/d combination therapy, respectively, and 409 with metformin monotherapy. Significantly higher proportions of patients achieved A1C ≤6.5%, <7%, or <8% with combination therapy vs metformin monotherapy (P<0.02). Significantly higher proportions of patients achieved BP <140/90 mmHg (P<0.02 for each dapagliflozin dose) and BP <130/80 mmHg (P<0.02 with dapagliflozin 5 mg/d only) with combination therapy vs metformin monotherapy. Similar proportions (29%–33%) of patients had LDL-C <100 mg/dL across treatment groups. A higher proportion of patients with baseline BMI ≥25 kg/m2 lost ≥4.5 kg with combination therapy. Combination therapy had a more robust effect on patients with higher baseline BMI. Conclusion Initial combination therapy with dapagliflozin 5 or 10 mg/d and metformin improved quality measures relevant to clinical outcomes and diabetes care.
Nasal Flt3 Ligand cDNA Elicits CD11c+CD8+ Dendritic Cells for Enhanced Mucosal Immunity1

Nasal immunization is an effective way to induce both mucosal and systemic immune responses. In this study, we assessed a cDNA vector for Flt3 ligand (FL) for its potential to enhance mucosal immunity or tolerance. Interestingly, tolerance was avoided and elevated levels of OVA-specific Ab responses were induced in nasal washes, fecal extracts, and saliva as well as in plasma when compared with mice given nasal OVA plus DNA plasmid without the FL gene. In addition, significant levels of OVA-specific CD4+ T cell proliferative responses and OVA-induced IL-4 and IL-2 production were noted in spleen and cervical lymph nodes. Further, marked increases in FL protein occurred in the nasal lamina propria and submandibular glands and the frequencies of CD11c+CD8+ dendritic cells (DCs) significantly increased in the mucosal tissues. Moreover, these DCs expressed high levels of CD40, CD80, CD86, and MHC class II molecules. Nasal delivery of plasmid FL with OVA resulted in FL expression in both mucosal inductive and effector sites and resulted in expanded activated lymphoid DCs. Thus, nasal plasmid FL prevents mucosal tolerance and enhances active immunity when given by a mucosal route.
Dissociation of Mechanisms Underlying Syllogistic Reasoning

A key question for cognitive theories of reasoning is whether logical reasoning is inherently a sentential linguistic process or a process requiring spatial manipulation and search. We addressed this question in an event-related fMRI study of syllogistic reasoning, using sentences with and without semantic content. Our findings indicate involvement of two dissociable networks in deductive reasoning. During content-based reasoning a left hemisphere temporal system was recruited. By contrast, a formally identical reasoning task, which lacked semantic content, activated a parietal system. The two systems share common components in bilateral basal ganglia nuclei, right cerebellum, bilateral fusiform gyri, and left prefrontal cortex. We conclude that syllogistic reasoning is implemented in two distinct systems whose engagement is primarily a function of the presence or absence of semantic content. Furthermore, when a logical argument results in a belief-logic conflict, the nature of the reasoning process is changed by recruitment of the right prefrontal cortex.
ON THE USE OF GENETIC ALGORITHMS IN GENERATING INPUT PAIRS THAT CAUSE THE MAXIMUM POWER CONSUMPTION IN CMOS COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS

We have been investigating on the generation of input pairs for combinational digital circuits that cause the maximum power consumption on them. This work shows the results we obtained using genetic algorithms (GA). We show a GA that runs almost in the same time that speed up simulated annealing algorithms and give better results than them for half of the ISCAS85 benchmark circuits.
Antioxidants, oxidative damage and oxygen deprivation stress: a review.

Oxidative stress is induced by a wide range of environmental factors including UV stress, pathogen invasion (hypersensitive reaction), herbicide action and oxygen shortage. Oxygen deprivation stress in plant cells is distinguished by three physiologically different states: transient hypoxia, anoxia and reoxygenation. Generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is characteristic for hypoxia and especially for reoxygenation. Of the ROS, hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) and superoxide (O(2)(.-)) are both produced in a number of cellular reactions, including the iron-catalysed Fenton reaction, and by various enzymes such as lipoxygenases, peroxidases, NADPH oxidase and xanthine oxidase. The main cellular components susceptible to damage by free radicals are lipids (peroxidation of unsaturated fatty acids in membranes), proteins (denaturation), carbohydrates and nucleic acids. Consequences of hypoxia-induced oxidative stress depend on tissue and/or species (i.e. their tolerance to anoxia), on membrane properties, on endogenous antioxidant content and on the ability to induce the response in the antioxidant system. Effective utilization of energy resources (starch, sugars) and the switch to anaerobic metabolism and the preservation of the redox status of the cell are vital for survival. The formation of ROS is prevented by an antioxidant system: low molecular mass antioxidants (ascorbic acid, glutathione, tocopherols), enzymes regenerating the reduced forms of antioxidants, and ROS-interacting enzymes such as SOD, peroxidases and catalases. In plant tissues many phenolic compounds (in addition to tocopherols) are potential antioxidants: flavonoids, tannins and lignin precursors may work as ROS-scavenging compounds. Antioxidants act as a cooperative network, employing a series of redox reactions. Interactions between ascorbic acid and glutathione, and ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds are well known. Under oxygen deprivation stress some contradictory results on the antioxidant status have been obtained. Experiments on overexpression of antioxidant production do not always result in the enhancement of the antioxidative defence, and hence increased antioxidative capacity does not always correlate positively with the degree of protection. Here we present a consideration of factors which possibly affect the effectiveness of antioxidant protection under oxygen deprivation as well as under other environmental stresses. Such aspects as compartmentalization of ROS formation and antioxidant localization, synthesis and transport of antioxidants, the ability to induce the antioxidant defense and cooperation (and/or compensation) between different antioxidant systems are the determinants of the competence of the antioxidant system.
Hierarchical Regularization Cascade for Joint Learning

As the sheer volume of available benchmark datasets increases, the problem of joint learning of classifiers and knowledge-transfer between classifiers, becomes more and more relevant. We present a hierarchical approach which exploits information sharing among different classification tasks, in multitask and multi-class settings. It engages a top-down iterative method, which begins by posing an optimization problem with an incentive for large scale sharing among all classes. This incentive to share is gradually decreased, until there is no sharing and all tasks are considered separately. The method therefore exploits different levels of sharing within a given group of related tasks, without having to make hard decisions about the grouping of tasks. In order to deal with large scale problems, with many tasks and many classes, we extend our batch approach to an online setting and provide regret analysis of the algorithm. We tested our approach extensively on synthetic and real datasets, showing significant improvement over baseline and state-of-the-art methods.
Does the Source of Finance Matter for Firm Growth? Evidence from China

Using a comprehensive micro dataset spanning the period 1998-2005, this paper provides a systematic investigation of the relationship between financial structure and firm growth in China, controlling for the endogeneity of the former. It finds that financial structure does matter for firm growth in China, although this does not tell the whole story. The relative importance of the different financing sources depends on firm ownership and growth channel.
Comparison of data reduction algorithms for LiDAR-derived digital terrain model generalisation

A digital terrain model (DTM) is a three-dimensional representation of the terrain relief created from discrete points related to each other through their elevations. New technologies such as satellite remote sensing, airborne laser scanning and radar interferometry are efficient methods for constructing high-quality DTMs in a cost-effective manner. The accuracy of a DTM is influenced by a number of factors, including the accuracy, density and spatial distribution of elevation points, the terrain surface characteristics, etc. In this paper, direct comparisons of absolute and relative vertical accuracies are made between data reduction algorithms for the generalisation of DTM extracted from airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data. The absolute vertical accuracies are presented in terms of the mean error (ME), the mean absolute error (MAE) and the root mean square error (RMSE) and the relative vertical accuracies are characterised as per cent slope over Mount St Helens in southwest Washington State. The results show that LiDAR datasets can be reduced to 50 per cent density level by a uniform data reduction algorithm using triangulation with a linear interpolation method for the generalisation of DTM while still maintaining the quality of the original data.
Trailing the Spawning Horseshoe Crab Tachypleus Gigas (MÃ¼ller, 1785)at Designated Natal Beaches on the East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia

Due to limited availability of literature on the spawning activity of Malaysian horseshoe crab, Tachypleus gigas (Muller, 1785), the reproduction behaviour and biology of this arthropod remains poorly understood. Hence, an investigation was carried out from April-July to trail spawning horseshoe crab amplexus at Balok and Cherating, the only known T. gigas spawning grounds on the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Through visual tracking during daytime full moon spring tides, the release of air bubbles indicate nest digging by female crabs. While air bubble formation aggravated, flagged aluminium poles were carefully driven into the sediment to mark the nest. Out of the 13 spawning T. gigas amplexus tracked, only one pair was able to dig up to 12 nests and release up to 2,575 eggs within the 2.5 hour spawning period. The female crabs dug nests at the intertidal regions, ranging 1.3-43.2 m from the highest tide marking on the beach. Interestingly after spawning, the horseshoe crabs returned to high seas during the residing tides as amplexus because the male crabs remained clinging onto the female crab’s opisthosoma. The incidence of recapturing a tagged female crab with different attached male crab at Cherating indicates this spawning ground as natal beach. In addition, the presence of 8 horseshoe crab amplexus at Balok compared to only 5 amplexus at Cherating highlight preferable beach settings for spawning and/or the presence of larger spawning crab assemblages at the former beach. Since only 13 spawning horseshoe crab pairs were witnessed at Balok and Cherating, identification of factors that alter beach sediment composition and water chemistry as well as gender-specific poaching and excessive boating activities should be regulated to restore wild T. gigas populations.
Superstars and Giant Gravitons in M-theory

Following hep-th/0109127, we show that a certain class of BPS naked singularities (superstars) found in compactifications of M--theory can be interpreted as being composed of giant gravitons. More specifically, we study superstars which are asymptotically AdS7×S4 and AdS4×S7 and show that these field configurations can be interpreted as being sourced by continuous distributions of spherical M2- and M5-branes, respectively, which carry internal momenta and have expanded on the spherical component of the space-time.
Diversity of meiofauna and free-living nematodes in hydrothermal vent mussel beds on the northern and southern East Pacific Rise

The ecology and biogeography of meiofauna at deep-sea hydrothermal vents have historically received less attention than those of mega- and macrofauna. This study examines the composition of major meiofaunal taxa in beds of the mussel Bathymodiolus thermophilus at hydrothermal vents on the northern and southern East Pacific Rise (EPR) and presents the first comparison of species assemblages of the dominant taxon, the nematodes, among sites spanning 27 degrees of latitude. Meiofaunal samples were collected by submersible from three mussel beds at 9°N on the EPR and four mussel beds between 17 and 18°S in 1999. Estimated ages of the mussel beds at the time of sampling range from 4 to >20 years, enabling investigation of the influence of mussel bed age on meiofaunal assemblages. Overall, the meiofauna of the mussel beds was dominated by nematodes, with copepods constituting the second most abundant meiofaunal group. There was variation in the ratio of nematodes to copepods between sites, however, with copepods more abundant than nematodes in the youngest mussel beds. Apart from polychaete larvae, other meiofaunal groups were generally present at very low abundance (<1%) in the samples and restricted in diversity to gastropod larvae, acari, foraminifera, ostracoda and turbellaria. Seventeen nematode species from 14 genera and 11 families were found in the samples, with no evidence of endemicity to hydrothermal vents at the generic level. Four genera present were not previously recorded at hydrothermal vents. Nematode species richness, species:genus ratios and abundances were low compared with other deep-sea habitats, though the ecological relevance of comparisons with soft-sediment benthos is discussed. Nematode assemblages exhibited high dominance by a few species, with one species of Thalassomonhystera most abundant at five of the seven vent sites. Multivariate analysis of nematode assemblages reveals similarities among sites that do not match geographical proximity. The youngest mussel beds were most similar to each other and exhibited lower species richness than other sites, consistent with colonization of mussel bed habitat by nematodes over time. Similarity in the composition of nematode assemblages among sites separated by ~3000 km indicates that they lie within a single biogeographic province, consistent with that proposed for mussel bed macrofauna. At a generic level, samples exhibited some overlap with nematode assemblages at vents elsewhere on the EPR, on the Mid Atlantic Ridge and in the North Fiji Basin.
Molecular Gas in The Central Kpc of Starbursts and AGN

With the recent advent of large interferometric surveys, we can now probe the physical conditions, dynamics, and star-forming properties of molecular gas in the central kpc of starbursts and active galactic nuclei. We present results from the high-resolution (~ 100 pc) interferometric survey of molecular gas in the inner kpc of nearby starbursts (Jogee, Kenney, and Scoville 2001a) and the ongoing multi-transition survey of cold, warm, and dense molecular gas in a broad range of active and inactive galactic nuclei (Jogee, Baker, Sakamoto, and Scoville 2001b).
Why Do We Keep Using A Process Modelling Technique

In line with the increased popularity of process modelling, a plethora of process modelling techniques has been proposed over time. Yet, only a few have been widely accepted by practitioner communities. This in turn leads to the question of the drivers of continued acceptance (continuance) of process modelling techniques. While researchers have extensively studied continuance and acceptance of information systems, to date, there appears to be no study that has investigated the issue of process modelling technique continuance. This paper addresses this gap by identifying from prior research theories that purport to explain the formation of an intention to continue using a process modelling technique and integrating them in a hybrid research model. We subject the theoretical model to an empirical test with process modellers. The resulting model provides an in-depth understanding of a process modeller’s continuance decision.