Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sentiment and the CAPM

We consider whether sentiment affects the validity of CAPM. We hypothesize that pessimistic periods have low levels of noise trading because co stly short-selling mutes trading on negative sentiment. On the other hand optimistic sentiment stimulates long positions that are easier to establish, and optimistic periods may also attract more naive investors, stimulating greater noise trading. Thus, optimistic periods may suppress rat ional pricing while pessimistic ones may accentuate the phenomenon. Empirically, using a st andard Fama and French (1992) approach, and controlling for other well-known cross-sectiona l return determinants, we find that beta is strongly and positively significant in pessimistic periods (but not in optimistic ones), with a tstatistic exceeding three, and a reasonable estimat e of the market risk premium. The evidence survives several robustness checks and supports the notion that rational asset pricing holds when the populace of agents trading in the market is mor e likely to be predominantly rational.
Using Genetic Search for Reverse Engineering of Parametric Behavior Models for Performance Prediction

In component-based software engineering, existing components are often reused in new applications. Correspondingly, the response time of an entire component-based application can be predicted from the execution durations of individual component services. These execution durations depend on the runtime behavior of a component which itself is influenced by three factors: the execution platform, the usage profile, and the component wiring. To cover all relevant combinations of these influencing factors, conventional prediction of response times requires repeated deployment and measurements of component services for all such combinations, incurring a substantial effort. This paper presents a novel comprehensive approach for reverse engineering and performance prediction of components. In it, genetic programming is utilized for reconstructing a behavior model from monitoring data, runtime bytecode counts, and static bytecode analysis. The resulting behavior model is parameterized over all three performance-influencing factors, which are specified separately. This results in significantly fewer measurements: The behavior model is reconstructed only once per component service, and one application-independent bytecode benchmark run is sufficient to characterize an execution platform. To predict the execution durations for a concrete platform, our approach combines the behavior model with platform-specific benchmarking results. We validate our approach by predicting the performance of a file sharing application.
ON PHILLIPS–PERRON-TYPE TESTS FOR SEASONAL UNIT ROOTS

In this paper we consider a semiparametric version of the test for seasonal unit roots suggested by Hylleberg, Engle, Granger, and Yoo (1990, Journal of Econometrics 44, 215–238). The asymptotic theory is based on the analysis of a simple regression problem, and the results apply to tests at any given frequency in the range (0,π]. Monte Carlo simulations suggest that the test may have more power than the parametric test of Hylleberg et al. (1990). On the other hand, the semiparametric version suffers from severe size distortions in some situations.
Leveraging probabilistic segmentation to document clustering

In this paper a novel approach to document clustering has been introduced by defining a representative-based document similarity model that performs probabilistic segmentation of documents into chunks. The frequently occuring chunks that are considered as representatives of the document set, may represent phrases or stem of true words. The representative based document similarity model, containing a term-document matrix with respect to the representatives, is a compact representation of the vector space model that improves quality of document clustering over traditional methods.
Changes in teachers’ epistemic cognition about self–regulated learning as they engaged in a researcher-facilitated professional learning community

ABSTRACT Research into teachers’ epistemic cognition is emerging as a key to understanding the quality of teachers’ knowledge for teaching. Typically, investigations into the quality of teachers’ knowledge have been situated within traditional subject areas, such as science or maths. However, developing good quality teacher knowledge about improving students’ abilities to engage in self-regulated learning (SRL), across subject areas, is equally important. Studies have demonstrated gaps in teachers’ knowledge and epistemic beliefs about SRL – the foundations for teachers’ epistemic cognition about SRL. This paper introduces a model of teachers’ epistemic cognition about SRL, and reports a micro-analytic study with four secondary science teachers who undertook a 12-week researcher-facilitated Professional Learning Community (PLC). Thematic and numerical analysis of interviews and lesson plans indicated that the PLC facilitated teachers’ reflexive examination of their knowledge and their epistemic beliefs about SRL. Improvements in SRL content knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge and constructivist beliefs were observed consistently for three of the four teachers. Providing opportunities, such as a facilitated PLC, to enable teachers to reflexively examine their epistemic cognition about a generic subject such as SRL, may be a necessary step in translating research about learning and instruction into classroom practices.
Creativity in Digital Art Education Teaching Practices

19 Since the introduction of personal computers, art educators increasingly have adopted new digital technologies into their pedagogy, yet overall that adoption has been a slow process (Black, 2002; Browning, 2006; Degennaro & Mak, 2002-2003; Flood & Bamford, 2007; Gude, 2007; Leonard & Leonard 2006; Lu, 2005; Mayo, 2007). Many teachers remain still infrequent users of technology or avoid using new learning technologies in art classrooms (Degennaro & Mak, 2002-2003; Gregory, 2009). Why is this the case? Creativity in Digital Art Education Teaching Practices
International Student Mobility Trends 2015: An Economic Perspective

International students contributed almost $27 billion dollars to the U.S. economy in 2014. The growth has been driven largely by students from upper-middle-income economies and countries with large national scholarship programs, which marks a significant shift from before the 2008 financial crisis.The purpose of this article is to reflect on the economic impact these new mobility trends and drivers are having on host countries at the national, local, and institutional levels. We first compare enrollments of international students in the top four English-speaking host countries (the U.S., UK, Australia, and Canada), before looking in more depth at the economic contribution of international students to the U.S. economy and select U.S. universities. We conclude with a look at the implications of the economics of student mobility for international enrollment management at U.S. institutions of higher education.
Management of infiltrating spinal epidural angiolipoma

Angiolipomas of the spine are rare benign tumors commonly presenting with compressive myelopathy. The present report describes a case of spinal angiolipoma with thoracic mediastinal extension in a 50-year-old woman. She presented with a long-standing history of mid-back pain with progressive lower extremities weakness. An MRI showed a heterogeneously enhancing mass located in the posterior epidural space of the thoracic spine with mediastinal extension. Histopathological examination demonstrated features consistent with spinal angiolipoma. This report emphasizes the diagnosis and therapeutic management options of infiltrating spinal angiolipomas.
SERIE ETUDES ET DOCUMENTS DU CERDI Public expenses, credit and natural capital: Substtuton or complementarity?

Improving access to capital through credit and public spendings is an important step toward development and poverty alleviaton. At the same tme, deforestaton-related actvites, like agricultural expansion, can be seen as relying on natural capital, through the depleton of forest resources and the use of land in an extensive way. It is then important to beter understand how a beter access to capital infuence the use of land as a natural capital. This paper assesses the relatonship between fnancial development, public spendings and deforestaton. Are they substtute or complement? Our econometric analysis shows that deforestaton is positvely correlated to access to credit and public spendings, which gives some evidence that natural capital is a complement to credit and public spendings. Mots clés /
Variable block size based adaptive watermarking in spatial domain

In this paper, watermarking for still images is proposed. Image watermarking is performed in the spatial domain which is not only easy but also provides a good result. A watermark image as binary image is embedded onto an original image by using a method whereby gray levels of pixels in the original image blocks are modified to an appropriate intensity of block. Variation of watermark image bits in order to embed the original image block selected affects the embedded block intensity and also it depends on the original image block intensity. The block size is adapted as the intensity of the original image and the capacity of the watermark image in order to embed. With the method of varying block size proposed, the effect of block size adaptation is good and also the watermark image is robust to a number of types of degradation. With the proposed method, the quality of the original image is least affected.
An unsupervised clustering approach for leukaemia classification based on DNA micro-arrays data

DNA micro-arrays provide thousands of genomic expressions on the same subject. A main issue is then to find the subset of genes whose degeneration is responsible of a certain type of cancer. In this paper, starting from a paradigmatic classification problem of two kinds of Leukaemia, we discuss the use of data-mining techniques in such a context. Particular attention is devoted not only to the classification method but also to all the data analysis steps including data pre-processing and information retrieval.
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences the Opera Hypothesis: Assumptions and Clarifications

Recent research suggests that musical training enhances the neural encoding of speech. Why would musical training have this effect? The OPERA hypothesis proposes an answer on the basis of the idea that musical training demands greater precision in certain aspects of auditory processing than does ordinary speech perception. This paper presents two assumptions underlying this idea, as well as two clarifications, and suggests directions for future research.
Superficially Projecting Principal Neurons in Layer V of Medial Entorhinal Cortex in the Rat Receive Excitatory Retrosplenial Input

Principal cells in layer V of the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC) have a nodal position in the cortical–hippocampal network. They are the main recipients of hippocampal output and receive inputs from several cortical areas, including a prominent one from the retrosplenial cortex (RSC), likely targeting basal dendrites of layer V neurons. The latter project to extrahippocampal structures but also relay information to the superficial layers of MEC, closing the hippocampal–entorhinal loop. In the rat, we electrophysiologically and morphologically characterized RSC input into MEC and conclude that RSC provides an excitatory input to layer V pyramidal cells. Ultrastructural analyses of anterogradely labeled RSC projections showed that RSC axons in layer V of MEC form predominantly asymmetrical, likely excitatory, synapses on dendritic spines (90%) or shafts (8%), with 2% symmetrical, likely inhibitory, synapses on shafts and spines. The overall excitatory nature of the RSC input was confirmed by an optogenetic approach. Patterned laser stimulation of channelrhodopsin-expressing presynaptic RSC axons evoked exclusively EPSPs in recorded postsynaptic layer V cells. All responding layer V pyramidal cells had an axon extending toward the white matter. Half of these neurons also sent an axon to superficial layers. Confocal imaging of RSC synapses onto MEC layer V neurons shown to project superficially by way of retrogradely labeling from superficial layers confirmed that proximal dendrites of superficially projecting cells are among the targets of inputs from RSC. The excitatory RSC input thus interacts with both entorhinal–cortical and entorhinal–hippocampal circuits.
Tag Elimination - or - Type Specialisation is a Type-Indexed Effect

In response to a challenge posed by Jones (over thirteen years ago), Hughes and Danvy each proposed a di erent avour of what has been called \type specialisation". Until recently, however, there were no technical results regarding either proposal. This paper proposes a simple transformation called \Tag Elimination", and proves that it eliminates a large class of super uous tags from programs. Furthermore, we give the rst semantic characterisation of a \type specialising" transformation as a type-indexed e ect. Our work can be viewed as a unifying synthesis of the previous works by Hughes and Danvy that has enabled new technical results and insights. Our work is novel in that it emphasises that tag elimination can be performed as an independent postprocessing phase after traditional partial evaluation.
LIS1 Regulates Osteoclast Formation and Function through Its Interactions with Dynein/Dynactin and Plekhm1

Microtubule organization and lysosomal secretion are both critical for the activation and function of osteoclasts, highly specialized polykaryons that are responsible for bone resorption and skeletal homeostasis. Here, we have identified a novel interaction between microtubule regulator LIS1 and Plekhm1, a lysosome-associated protein implicated in osteoclast secretion. Decreasing LIS1 expression by shRNA dramatically attenuated osteoclast formation and function, as shown by a decreased number of mature osteoclasts differentiated from bone marrow macrophages, diminished resorption pits formation, and reduced level of CTx-I, a bone resorption marker. The ablated osteoclast formation in LIS1-depleted macrophages was associated with a significant decrease in macrophage proliferation, osteoclast survival and differentiation, which were caused by reduced activation of ERK and AKT by M-CSF, prolonged RANKL-induced JNK activation and declined expression of NFAT-c1, a master transcription factor of osteoclast differentiation. Consistent with its critical role in microtubule organization and dynein function in other cell types, we found that LIS1 binds to and colocalizes with dynein in osteoclasts. Loss of LIS1 led to disorganized microtubules and aberrant dynein function. More importantly, the depletion of LIS1 in osteoclasts inhibited the secretion of Cathepsin K, a crucial lysosomal hydrolase for bone degradation, and reduced the motility of osteoclast precursors. These results indicate that LIS1 is a previously unrecognized regulator of osteoclast formation, microtubule organization, and lysosomal secretion by virtue of its ability to modulate dynein function and Plekhm1.
Violation of Bell Inequalities as a Violation of Fair Sampling in Threshold Detectors

Photomultiplier tubes and avalanche photodiodes, which are commonly used in quantum optic experiments, are sometimes referred to as threshold detectors because, in photon counting mode, they cannot discriminate the number of photoelectrons initially extracted from the absorber in the detector. We argue that they can be called threshold detectors on more account than that. We point out that their their functioning principle relies on two thresholds that are usually thought unimportant individually in the context of EPR‐Bell discussion. We show how the combined effect of these threshold can lead to a significant sampling selection bias in the detection of pairs of pulses, resulting in an apparent violation of Bell inequalities.
Role of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Rheumatoid Arthritis Pathogenesis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by abnormal proliferation of synoviocytes, leukocyte infiltration, and angiogenesis. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is the site of biosynthesis for all secreted and membrane proteins. The accumulation of unfolded proteins in the ER leads to a condition known as ER stress. Failure of the ER's adaptive capacity results in abnormal activation of the unfolded protein response. Recently, we have demonstrated that ER stress-associated gene signatures are highly expressed in RA synovium and synovial cells. Mice with Grp78 haploinsufficiency exhibit the suppression of experimentally induced arthritis, suggesting that the ER chaperone GRP78 is crucial for RA pathogenesis. Moreover, increasing evidence has suggested that GRP78 participates in antibody generation, T cell proliferation, and pro-inflammatory cytokine production, and is therefore one of the potential therapeutic targets for RA. In this review, we discuss the putative, pathophysiological roles of ER stress and GRP78 in RA pathogenesis.
Salivary Cortisol as a Biomarker of Stress in Mothers and their Low Birth Weight Infants and Sample Collecting Challenges

Summary Background: Salivary cortisol measurement is a non-invasive method suitable for use in neonatal research. Mother-infant separation after birth represents stress and skin-to-skin contact (SSC) has numerous benefits. The aim of the study was to measure salivary cortisol in mothers and newborns before and after SSC in order to assess the effect of SSC on mothers’ and infants’ stress and to estimate the efficacy of collecting small saliva samples in newborns. Methods: Salivary cortisol was measured in 35 mother-infant pairs before and after the first and the fifth SSC in small saliva samples (50 μL) using the high sensitivity Quantitative ELISA-Kit (0.0828 nmol/L) for low cortisol levels detection. Samples were collected with eye sponge during 3 to 5 minutes. Results: Cortisol level in mothers decreased after SSC: the highest levels were measured before and the lowest after SSC and the differences in values were significant during both the first (p<0.001) and the fifth SSC (p<0.001). During the first SSC the cortisol level decrease was detected in 14 (40%) and an increase in 21 (60%) newborns, and during the fifth SSC a decrease was detected in 16 (45.7%) and an increase in 19 (54.3%) newborns, without confirmed significance of the difference. Saliva sampling efficacy using eye sponge was 75%. Conclusions: Cortisol level decrease in mothers proves the stress reduction during SSC, while variable cortisol levels in infants do not indicate stress reduction and imply the need for further research. The used sampling method appeared to be one of the most optimal considering the sample volume, sampling time and efficacy.
ADAPTIVE DESIGNS FOR STOCHASTIC ROOT-FINDING

The Robbins-Monro procedure (1951) for stochastic root-finding is a nonparametric approach. Wu (1985, 1986) has shown that the convergence of the sequential procedure can be greatly improved if we know the distribution of the re- sponse. Wu's approach assumes a parametric model and therefore its convergence rate slows down when the assumed model is different from the true model. This article proposes a new approach that is robust to the model assumptions. The approach gives more importance to observations closer to the root, which improves the fit to the true model around the root and makes the convergence faster. Sim- ulation study shows that the new approach gives a superior performance over the existing methods.
Auction Design without Commitment Hannu Vartiainen

We study auction design when parties cannot commit to the mechanism. The seller may change the rules of the game any (finite) number of times and the buyers choose their outside option at all stages. The mechanism is playable in truthful stratgies if the seller can commit to implement the outcomes of the mechanism. A consistency and one-deviation property are defined that characterize the seller’s dynamic mechanism selection problem. The unique consistent mechanism selection rule that meets the one-deviation property and stationarity is English auction.
Jitter-free probability bounds for video streaming over random VBR channel

In this paper, we study the optimal streaming of variable bit-rate (VBR) videos over random VBR channels. We define the main performance metric of a streaming system as the probability of un-interrupted video presentation, or jitter-free probability. Previous literature has described solutions to estimate the jitter-free probability by assuming either independence in the encoded data process or simplistic channel models. In this work, we present an novel analytical framework, which requires only the maximum channel bit rate and some statistical information of an arbitrary VBR channel, to bound the probability of jitter-free playback under the constraint of initial playback delay and receiver buffer size. Both the infinite and finite buffer cases are considered. This technique is then applied to investigate streaming over a wireless system modelled by an extended Gilbert channel with ARQ transmission control. Experimental results with MPEG-4 VBR encoded videos show that the proposed analysis provides close bounds to the actual system performance. Finally, we show that the proposed analysis provides a theoretical foundation to quantify the tradeoff between initial playback delay, receiver buffer size, and the jitter free probability for a general class of VBR video streaming over random VBR channels.
QurSim: A corpus for evaluation of relatedness in short texts

This paper presents a large corpus created from the original Quranic text, where semantically similar or related verses are linked together. This corpus will be a valuable evaluation resource for computational linguists investigating similarity and relatedness in short texts. Furthermore, this dataset can be used for evaluation of paraphrase analysis and machine translation tasks. Our dataset is characterised by: (1) superior quality of relatedness assignment; as we have incorporated relations marked by well-known domain experts, this dataset could thus be considered a gold standard corpus for various evaluation tasks, (2) the size of our dataset; over 7,600 pairs of related verses are collected from scholarly sources with several levels of degree of relatedness. This dataset could be extended to over 13,500 pairs of related verses observing the commutative property of strongly related pairs. This dataset was incorporated into online query pages where users can visualize for a given verse a network of all directly and indirectly related verses. Empirical experiments showed that only 33% of related pairs shared root words, emphasising the need to go beyond common lexical matching methods, and incorporate -in addition- semantic, domain knowledge, and other corpus-based approaches.