Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Stranger's Cold Shoulder Makes the Heart Grow Fonder: Why Not Being Mimicked by a Stranger Enhances Longstanding Relationship Evaluations

Lack of mimicry in interpersonal interactions may thwart an individual’s sense of belonging. Nonmimicked individuals are hypothesized to compensate for this by upgrading their personal relationships. In line with this hypothesis, Experiment 1 showed that nonmimicked participants enhanced their evaluation of their current romantic relationship, compared to both mimicked participants and those who had no prior interaction. Experiment 2 showed the impact of nonmimicry on a variety of close relationship evaluations using a pre- versus postmeasure design. Mediation analyses further revealed that the link between mimicry and relationship evaluations is mediated by increased belongingness needs, specifically for the nonmimicked participants. These studies show that after an interaction even with a perfect stranger, nonmimicry may frustrate one’s belongingness needs and therefore lead to strengthened bonds with one’s close others. Implications for (non)mimicry as a behavioral indicator of social exclusion and the presumed buffer function of close relationships are discussed.
Peramivir is as effective as oral oseltamivir in the treatment of severe seasonal influenza

The clinical efficacy of peramivir in the treatment of severe seasonal influenza in critically ill patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) is not well established. The aim of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of peramivir with that of oseltamivir in such critically ill patients. From September 2010 through March 2014, sixty patients with influenza confirmed by RT‐PCR and hospitalized in our ICU were enrolled and reviewed retrospectively. Thirty‐four and twenty‐six patients received initial peramivir and oseltamivir, respectively. The median sequential organ failure assessment score was higher in the patients treated with peramivir (11 vs. 8.5, P= 0.029). There was no significant difference between the two groups in the median duration of use of antiviral agents. There were also no significant differences between the groups in 14‐day (17.6% in peramivir vs. 7.7% in oseltamivir, P = 0.446), or 28‐day mortality (35.3% in peramivir vs. 34.6% in oseltamivir, P = 0.813) or in the median length of ICU stay (11 days in peramivir vs. 12 days in oseltamivir, P=0.852). Peramivir has the similar clinical efficacy to oseltamivir in the treatment of severe seasonal influenza in the critically ill patients admitted to ICU. J. Med. Virol. 87:1649–1655, 2015. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Functional Dissection of the Conjugative Coupling Protein TrwB

ABSTRACT The conjugative coupling protein TrwB is responsible for connecting the relaxosome to the type IV secretion system during conjugative DNA transfer of plasmid R388. It is directly involved in transport of the relaxase TrwC, and it displays an ATPase activity probably involved in DNA pumping. We designed a conjugation assay in which the frequency of DNA transfer is directly proportional to the amount of TrwB. A collection of point mutants was constructed in the TrwB cytoplasmic domain on the basis of the crystal structure of TrwBΔN70, targeting the nucleotide triphosphate (NTP)-binding region, the cytoplasmic surface, or the internal channel in the hexamer. An additional set of transfer-deficient mutants was obtained by random mutagenesis. Most mutants were impaired in both DNA and protein transport. We found that the integrity of the nucleotide binding domain is absolutely required for TrwB function, which is also involved in monomer-monomer interactions. Polar residues surrounding the entrance and inside the internal channel were important for TrwB function and may be involved in interactions with the relaxosomal components. Finally, the N-terminal transmembrane domain of TrwB was subjected to random mutagenesis followed by a two-hybrid screen for mutants showing enhanced protein-protein interactions with the related TrwE protein of Bartonella tribocorum. Several point mutants were obtained with mutations in the transmembranal helices: specifically, one proline from each protein may be the key residue involved in the interaction of the coupling protein with the type IV secretion apparatus.
The demand-control-support model: Methodological challenges for future research.

The demand-control-support model was developed by R. Karasek and his colleagues during the 1980s. The model operates with three main dimensions: job demands, job decision latitude and job social support. According to the model, workers with jobs characterized by high demands, low decision latitude and low social support (so-called iso-strain) have a higher risk of poor psychological well-being and cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The model has been tested in relation to CVD in 16 epidemiological studies of which only two have been negative. Moreover, the model has been used in studies with a large number of other endpoints. Recently the model and the methods used in connection with the model have been criticized by several research workers. In this article the studies on iso-strain and CVD are reviewed and a number of methodological problems are discussed. It is recommended that future studies are prospective and use non-representative population samples of well-chosen occupations. Each of the key variables -job stressors, stress and sickness - should be measured in three independent ways in order to increase the methodological and theoretical strength of the research performed.
Immigration from an attachment perspective

The current literature on attachment and immigration is reviewed and attachment theory is used to illuminate immigrants’ responses during the stages of premigration, transit, settlement, and adjustment/adaptation. The author argues that immigrants are more likely than nonimmigrants to have an insecure attachment representation, and considers both causes and effects of immigration from an attachment theory perspective. It is suggested that long-term implications of immigration experience may include increased vulnerability to attachment trauma, and that understanding social support and clinical aspects of immigrants’ needs will benefit from the application of attachment theory. The author considers the usefulness of applying attachment theory to the experiences of nonimmigrant groups including expatriate employees, members of the armed services, government employees stationed abroad, and even foreign students. Several attachment-based research focuses to examine attachment among immigrants are proposed.
Translational repression of SLC 26 A 3 by miR-494 in intestinal epithelial cells

Arivarasu N. Anbazhagan, Shubha Priyamvada, Anoop Kumar, Daniel B. Maher, Alip Borthakur, Waddah A. Alrefai, Jaleh Malakooti, John H. Kwon, and Pradeep K. Dudeja Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois; and Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
Show, Adapt and Tell: Adversarial Training of Cross-Domain Image Captioner

Impressive image captioning results are achieved in domains with plenty of training image and sentence pairs (e.g., MSCOCO). However, transferring to a target domain with significant domain shifts but no paired training data (referred to as cross-domain image captioning) remains largely unexplored. We propose a novel adversarial training procedure to leverage unpaired data in the target domain. Two critic networks are introduced to guide the captioner, namely domain critic and multi-modal critic. The domain critic assesses whether the generated sentences are indistinguishable from sentences in the target domain. The multi-modal critic assesses whether an image and its generated sentence are a valid pair. During training, the critics and captioner act as adversaries – captioner aims to generate indistinguishable sentences, whereas critics aim at distinguishing them. The assessment improves the captioner through policy gradient updates. During inference, we further propose a novel critic-based planning method to select high-quality sentences without additional supervision (e.g., tags). To evaluate, we use MSCOCO as the source domain and four other datasets (CUB-200-2011, Oxford-102, TGIF, and Flickr30k) as the target domains. Our method consistently performs well on all datasets. In particular, on CUB-200-2011, we achieve 21.8% CIDEr-D improvement after adaptation. Utilizing critics during inference further gives another 4.5% boost.
A Pairing Strategy for Tic-Tac-Toe on the Integer Lattice with Numerous Directions

We consider a tic-tac-toe game played on the $d$-dimensional integer lattice. The game that we investigate is a Maker–Breaker version of tic-tac-toe. In a Maker–Breaker game, the first player, Maker, only tries to occupy a winning line and the second player, Breaker, only tries to stop Maker from occupying a winning line. We consider the bounded number of directions game, in which we designate a finite set of direction-vectors ${\cal S} \subset{\Bbb Z}^d$ which determine the set of winning lines. We show by a simple pairing strategy that Breaker can win this game if the length of each winning line is at least $3|{\cal S}|. $ It should be noted that Breaker's winning strategy can be used as a drawing strategy for Player 2 in the strong version of this game.
SIRT1 controls lipolysis in adipocytes via FOXO1-mediated expression of ATGL[S]

Recent studies have established SIRT1 as an important regulator of lipid metabolism, although the mechanism of its action at the molecular level has not been revealed. Here, we show that knockdown of SIRT1 with the help of small hairpin RNA decreases basal and isoproterenol-stimulated lipolysis in cultured adipocytes. This effect is attributed, at least in part, to the suppression of the rate-limiting lipolytic enzyme, adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), at the level of transcription. Mechanistically, SIRT1 controls acetylation status and functional activity of FoxO1 that directly binds to the ATGL promoter and regulates ATGL gene transcription. We have also found that depletion of SIRT1 decreases AMP-dependent protein kinase (AMPK) activity in adipocytes. To determine the input of AMPK in regulation of lipolysis, we have established a stable adipose cell line that expresses a dominant-negative α1 catalytic subunit of AMPK under the control of the inducible TET-OFF lentiviral expression vector. Reduction of AMPK activity does not have a significant effect on the rates of lipolysis in this cell model. We conclude, therefore, that SIRT1 controls ATGL transcription primarily by deacetylating FoxO1.
Age and Heat Stress as Determinants of Telomere Length in a Long-Lived Fish, the Siberian Sturgeon

Telomeres shorten at each cell division due to the end-replication problem but also in response to oxidative stress. Consequently, telomeres shorten with age in many endotherms, and this shortening is accelerated under stressful environmental conditions. Data in ectotherm vertebrates remain scarce so far, so our goal was to review existing data for fish and to test the influence of age and stress on telomere length in a very long-lived fish, the Siberian sturgeon (Acipenser baerii). Our review of the literature revealed age-related telomere shortening in approximately half of the published studies. In the Siberian sturgeon, we found a significant telomere shortening with age, both at the intraindividual level using red blood cells (−12.5% in 16 mo) and at the interindividual level using cross-sectional samples of fin over an age range of 8 yr. We also found that heat stress (30°C) significantly reduced telomere length by 15.0% after only 1 mo of exposure. Our results highlight that both age and stressful environmental conditions might be important determinants of telomere length in fish.
A simulation study of replication control protocols using volatile witnesses

Voting protocols guarantee the consistency of replicated data objects by disallowing all access requests that cannot gather a sufficient quorum of replicas. The performance of voting protocols can be greatly enhanced by adding to the replicas small independent entities that hold no data but can attest to the state of the replicated data object. It has been recently proposed to store these witnesses in volatile storage. Volatile witnesses respond faster to write requests than those stored in stable storage. They can also be more easily regenerated as many local area networks contain a majority of diskless sites. The authors present a simulation study of the availability afforded by two voting protocols using volatile witnesses and investigate the impact of access rates, network topology and witness placement on the availability of the replicated data. <<ETX>>
GENERATIVE ADVERSARIAL NETS

Estimating individualized treatment effects (ITE) is a challenging task due to the need for an individual’s potential outcomes to be learned from biased data and without having access to the counterfactuals. We propose a novel method for inferring ITE based on the Generative Adversarial Nets (GANs) framework. Our method, termed Generative Adversarial Nets for inference of Individualized Treatment Effects (GANITE), is motivated by the possibility that we can capture the uncertainty in the counterfactual distributions by attempting to learn them using a GAN. We generate proxies of the counterfactual outcomes using a counterfactual generator, G, and then pass these proxies to an ITE generator, I, in order to train it. By modeling both of these using the GAN framework, we are able to infer based on the factual data, while still accounting for the unseen counterfactuals. We test our method on three real-world datasets (with both binary and multiple treatments) and show that GANITE outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
Parietal Lobe Lesions Disrupt Saccadic Remapping of Inhibitory Location Tagging

Maintaining a coherent percept of the visual scene while eye position continuously changes requires that saccades be accompanied by remapping of the visual environment. We studied saccadic remapping in patients with unilateral lesions in the intraparietal sulcus and healthy controls, using inhibition of return (IOR)an inhibitory tag that enables efficient visual search. In healthy controls, IOR was found at both retinal and environmental locations of the cue, indicating that the inhibitory tag had been remapped into environmental coordinates. In contrast, right parietal patients demonstrated IOR only at the retinal location of the cue, indicating that the intraparietal sulcus is involved in remapping of the environment after eye movements to afford a stable, environmentally based reference frame. Note that patients did not show environmental IOR in either visual field. These results also suggest that this region may be the neural substrate for encoding inhibitory spatial tags in an environmentally based reference frame.
The predictive validity of the verbal aggressiveness scale

This study examined the predictive validity of Infante and Wigley's (1986) 20‐item Verbal Aggressiveness Scale (VAS) and the 10‐item aggression and 10‐item benevolence components of the VAS proposed by Beatty, Rudd, and Valencic (1999). Individuals’ scores on the 20 self‐report VAS items were obtained and approximately four weeks later their aggressive communication during an interaction was assessed. Results indicate that the 20‐item VAS and the proposed 10‐item benevolence component of the VAS predicted frequency and rate of aggressive communication, while the proposed 10‐item aggression component of the VAS and aggressive communication were not related at a statistically significant level.
A Psicologia e as demandas atuais do Direito de família

A interdisciplinaridade entre Psicologia e Direito exige uma busca de conhecimentos muitas vezes nao adquiridos ao longo da formacao academica dos psicologos. Dentre esses conhecimentos, foram selecionados tres topicos para serem discutidos no presente artigo: guarda compartilhada, sindrome de alienacao parental e falsas alegacoes de abuso sexual. Objetiva-se apresentar uma revisao teorica desses assuntos, abordando aspectos conceituais e historicos. Alem da revisao teorica, sao apresentados os resultados de uma pesquisa que investigou a formacao extracurricular, o conhecimento e a opiniao de psicologos com experiencia na area do Direito de familia a respeito desses assuntos emergentes. Os resultados revelaram que a maioria dos participantes conhece e tem experiencia nas demandas questionadas. Ainda assim, a discussao dos resultados apontou a necessidade de abordar esses e outros assuntos referentes a Psicologia juridica durante a formacao em Psicologia. Os resultados reforcam a importância de o psicologo juridico estar familiarizado com questoes do Direito de familia e considerar em sua avaliacao os vinculos afetivos saudaveis ao desenvolvimento da crianca.
Purification and characterization of a unique high molecular weight form of insulin-like growth factor II.

A form of insulin-like growth factor II (IGF-II) with a mol wt of 15,000 has been purified to homogeneity from human Cohn fraction IV1-4. This protein has an amino-terminal sequence through the first 28 residues that is identical to 7.5K IGF-II. The amino acid composition of 15K IGF-II, however, indicates that its carboxyl-terminal region may be different from that predicted from the analysis of IGF-II cDNA clones. The affinities of 15K IGF-II for receptors on rat placental membranes and for an IGF-binding protein that was isolated from the medium of cultured buffalo rat liver cells were similar to those of the 7.5K form of the growth factor. A best-fit analysis of data from the binding of the two mol wt forms of IGF-II to receptors on rat placental membranes by the LIGAND program was consistent with a model in which 7.5K and 15K IGF-II bound to one site with Kd values of 0.27 +/- 0.03 and 0.38 +/- 0.04, respectively. There was an indication that 15K IGF-II also bound to a second low affinity site on the membrane. In mitogenesis assays performed on human fibroblasts isolated from the skin of two fetuses of an early gestational age, 15K IGF-II stimulated the incorporation of [3H]thymidine into DNA at a half-maximal concentration, i.e. ED50, of 5.7 and 5.0 nM. In these experiments, the ED50 values for 7.5K IGF-II were 8.7 and 15 nM.
Scalable Sensor Network Field Reconstruction with Robust Basis Pursuit

We study a scalable approach to information fusion for large sensor networks. The algorithm, field inversion by consensus and compressed sensing (FICCS), is a distributed method for detection, localization, and estimation of a propagating field generated by an unknown number of point sources. The approach combines results in the areas of distributed average consensus and compressed sensing to form low dimensional linear projections of all sensor readings throughout the network, allowing each node to reconstruct a global estimate of the field. Compressed sensing is applied to continuous source localization by quantizing the potential locations of sources, transforming the model of sensor observations to a finite discretized linear model. We study the effects of structured modeling errors induced by spatial quantization and the robustness of `1 penalty methods for field inversion. We develop a perturbations method to analyze the effects of spatial quantization error in compressed sensing and provide a model-robust version of noise-aware basis pursuit with an upperbound on the sparse reconstruction error. Numerical simulations illustrate system design considerations by measuring the performance of decentralized field reconstruction, detection performance of point phenomena, comparing trade-offs of quantization parameters, and studying various sparse estimators. The method is extended to time-varying systems using a recursive sparse estimator that incorporates priors into `1 penalized least squares. This thesis presents the advantages of inter-sensor measurement mixing as a means of efficiently spreading information throughout a network, while identifying sparse estimation as an enabling technology for scalable distributed field reconstruction systems.
Factor Structure of the 12-Item General Health Questionnaire in the Korean General Adult Population

ObjectivesZZThe 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) has been used extensively in a variety of settings across countries. The objectives of this study were to test the factor structure and internal consistency of the GHQ-12 in the Korean general population and to test relationships among the scales, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) and the EuroQoL-5 Dimension Index (EQ-5D). MethodsZZData were acquired from a sample of 6,510 Koreans, aged 18 to 64 years old, who were randomly selected based on the 2005 census (2,581 men and 3,929 women). Participants completed the GHQ-12, the CES-D, and the EQ-5D. Exploratory factor analysis was performed for extraction of factor structures of the GHQ-12. Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was used for assessment of internal consistency. Finally, correlation analysis was performed for assessment of the relationships among the three instruments. ResultsZZResults of principal axis factoring with oblique rotation solution showed that the GHQ12 was a measure of psychological distress with a two-factor structure that jointly accounted for 38% of the variance. The internal consistency of the GHQ-12 was high (Cronbach’s α=0.79). Concurrent validity indicated a significant positive correlation with the CES-D (r=0.68, p<0.01) and a significant negative correlation with the EQ-5D(r=-0.36, p<0.01). ConclusionZZFindings of this study demonstrated that the Korean version of the GHQ-12 has a two-factor structure and is a reliable and valid instrument that can be used for measurement of psychological distress in Korean adults. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc 2012;51:178-184
A remarkably stable kissing-loop interaction defines substrate recognition by the Neurospora Varkud Satellite ribozyme

The Neurospora VS ribozyme contains a stem–loop substrate domain and a stem–loop catalytic domain that form a kissing-loop interaction. This article uses a variety of thermodynamic techniques to demonstrate that this interaction is 7–8 kcal/mol more stable than a comparable duplex of Watson–Crick base pairs.
Length, frequency, and predictability effects of words on eye movements in reading

We tested the effects of word length, frequency, and predictability on inspection durations (first fixation, single fixation, gaze duration, and reading time) and inspection probabilities during first‐pass reading (skipped, once, twice) for a corpus of 144 German sentences (1138 words) and a subset of 144 target words uncorrelated in length and frequency, read by 33 young and 32 older adults. For corpus words, length and frequency were reliably related to inspection durations and probabilities, predictability only to inspection probabilities. For first‐pass reading of target words all three effects were reliable for inspection durations and probabilities. Low predictability was strongly related to second‐pass reading. Older adults read slower than young adults and had a higher frequency of regressive movements. The data are to serve as a benchmark for computational models of eye movement control in reading.