Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Teaching young adults with intellectual disabilities about early parent-child attachment behaviors using an educational DVD

Background: Previous research has largely focused on evaluating the impact of teaching practical parenting skills to parents with intellectual disabilities. Teaching them about the importance and nature of early attachment behaviors has not yet been explored. This study investigates whether knowledge of early attachment behavior of young adults with an intellectual disability who are not yet parents, can be increased using an educational DVD. Method: A sample of students with intellectual disabilities (N = 25) were asked to complete the ‘parent-child questionnaire’ at three stages: pre-intervention, post-intervention, and two to three week follow-up. The questions that make up this questionnaire relate to early attachment behaviors. Results: Statistical analyses show that there was a statistically significant increase in knowledge of attachment behavior following the intervention (t(24) = −3.48, p < 0.05) and this increase was maintained at follow-up (t(24) = −3.27, p < 0.05). Increase in knowledge was not significantly associated with any of the demographic factors (gender, age, intelligence quotient, main carer, number of siblings, family history of intellectual disabilities, and previous teaching on childcare). Conclusion: It is concluded that the use of an educational DVD is an effective way of teaching young adults with an intellectual disability about early attachment behaviors between parents and young babies.
Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Orthogonal Least Squares

In this paper, we study the orthogonal least squares (OLS) algorithm for sparse recovery. On the one hand, we show that if the sampling matrix $\mathbf{A}$ satisfies the restricted isometry property (RIP) of order $K + 1$ with isometry constant $$ \delta_{K + 1} < \frac{1}{\sqrt{K+1}}, $$ then OLS exactly recovers the support of any $K$-sparse vector $\mathbf{x}$ from its samples $\mathbf{y} = \mathbf{A} \mathbf{x}$ in $K$ iterations. On the other hand, we show that OLS may not be able to recover the support of a $K$-sparse vector $\mathbf{x}$ in $K$ iterations for some $K$ if $$ \delta_{K + 1} \geq \frac{1}{\sqrt{K+\frac{1}{4}}}. $$
The Multidimensional Constructs of Organizational Justice and Organizational Commitment: Empirical Evidence From Public and Private Organizations in Indonesia

<p><em>The multidimensional </em><em>construct </em><em>of organizational justice and organizational commitment has attracted longstanding attention and debate among </em><em>managers</em><em>, researchers and academic</em><em>ian</em><em>s. To achieve significant progress, studies in this area should be directed to investigate the two sides simultaneously, construct validity and substantive validity. </em><em>So that</em><em> the progress achieved can be balanced between the conceptualization and definition of the construct itself as well as the relationship and its effect on other constructs. Therefore, </em><em>current</em><em> study </em><em>intents to test the validity dan reliability </em><em>of </em><em>four-</em><em>factors </em><em>of </em><em>organizational justice </em><em>(FFOJ) construct, and to test</em><em> </em><em>its</em><em> effect on organizational commitment dimensions. </em><em> </em><em>The research respondents were </em><em>264 private employees and civil servants who studying in 3 graduate programs at University of Bengkulu</em><em>, choosen using stratified random sampling</em><em>. </em><em>Two-hundred-and-fifty-seven </em><em>respondents participated in the study. Data analysis </em><em>used</em><em> Factor Analysis, reliability test, and Hierarchical Regression Analysis (HRA). </em><em> </em><em>The conclusions of this study provide strong support for the </em><em>FFOJ</em><em> conceptualization. Of the 20 items </em><em>questionnaire</em><em> included in factor analysis, 19 items </em><em>loaded in </em><em>4 dimensions</em><em>, which is </em><em>distributive justice (4 items), procedural justice (6 items), interactional justice (4 items), and informational justice (5 items). The reliability </em><em>of all dimension are good</em><em>, with Cronbach 'Alpha (α) score greater than 0.7. Almost all dimensions of </em><em>FFOJ</em><em> affect the dimensions of organizational commitment, except the interactional justice that has no effect on the affective commitment. </em><em> Further investigation is</em><em> highly recommended so that organizational justice measurement becomes more workable in explaining the phenomena of justice in the daily life of the organization. The empirical evidence also further emphasize</em><em>d</em><em> the important role of organizational justice in order to foster, enhance, and maintain organizational commitment. Attempts to acquire employees with high organizational commitment will face serious obstacles when </em><em>the</em><em> employees still perceive </em><em>there is no </em><em>fair</em><em>ness</em><em> in the</em><em>ir</em><em> organization. </em><em></em></p><p><strong><em>Keywords: </em></strong><em>afective commitment</em><em>, </em><em>continuance commitment</em><em>, </em><em>distributive justice</em><em>, </em><em>interactional justice</em><em>, </em><em>informational justice; procedural justice</em><em>, </em><em>normative commitment</em></p>
The Power of Normalization: Faster Evasion of Saddle Points

A commonly used heuristic in non-convex optimization is Normalized Gradient Descent (NGD) - a variant of gradient descent in which only the direction of the gradient is taken into account and its magnitude ignored. We analyze this heuristic and show that with carefully chosen parameters and noise injection, this method can provably evade saddle points. We establish the convergence of NGD to a local minimum, and demonstrate rates which improve upon the fastest known first order algorithm due to Ge e al. (2015). The effectiveness of our method is demonstrated via an application to the problem of online tensor decomposition; a task for which saddle point evasion is known to result in convergence to global minima.
TOWARD A MODEL OF CORPORATE SOCIAL STRATEGY FORMULATION

This paper explores the conditions that foster a positive relationship between corporate social responsibility and financial performance by developing a model of corporate social strategy. The paper defines corporate social strategy and elaborates a typology of generic social strategies extant in the literature: differentiation, cost leadership, and strategic interaction. It then develops a framework for formulating social strategy by exploring the relationship of industry structure, firm resources, corporate values and ideology, and stakeholders to the generic strategies in order to create competitive advantages that are valuable, rare and imperfectly imitable.
Kif4 Is Essential for Mouse Oocyte Meiosis

Progression through the meiotic cell cycle must be strictly regulated in oocytes to generate viable embryos and offspring. During mitosis, the kinesin motor protein Kif4 is indispensable for chromosome condensation and separation, midzone formation and cytokinesis. Additionally, the bioactivity of Kif4 is dependent on phosphorylation via Aurora Kinase B and Cdk1, which regulate Kif4 function throughout mitosis. Here, we examine the role of Kif4 in mammalian oocyte meiosis. Kif4 localized in the cytoplasm throughout meiosis I and II, but was also observed to have a dynamic subcellular distribution, associating with both microtubules and kinetochores at different stages of development. Co-localization and proximity ligation assays revealed that the kinetochore proteins, CENP-C and Ndc80, are potential Kif4 interacting proteins. Functional analysis of Kif4 in oocytes via antisense knock-down demonstrated that this protein was not essential for meiosis I completion. However, Kif4 depleted oocytes displayed enlarged polar bodies and abnormal metaphase II spindles, indicating an essential role for this protein for correct asymmetric cell division in meiosis I. Further investigation of the phosphoregulation of meiotic Kif4 revealed that Aurora Kinase and Cdk activity is critical for Kif4 kinetochore localization and interaction with Ndc80 and CENP-C. Finally, Kif4 protein but not gene expression was found to be upregulated with age, suggesting a role for this protein in the decline of oocyte quality with age.
Environmental Kuznets Curve for Carbon Intensity : a Global Survey

The Environmental Kuznets Curve is an inverted U-shaped relationship which demonstrates how environmental degradation increases as countries begin to develop and lowers as they become wealthier. The classical EKC measures the effects of GDP per capita (a country’s wealth) on pollu-tion. This paper is a study of the connection of a number of factors- GDP per capita, fossil fuels, al-ternative and nuclear energy, rural population and life expectancy at birth to the Environmental Kuznets Curve. Two econometric approaches are applied in order to test whether the variables have a more pronounced linear or quadratic form. Four income groups of countries are investigated in order to check if the state of development plays a crucial role in environmental deterioration. The results of the study point out that EKC does not apply for the chosen variables. From the regression for GDP, however, it can be concluded that EKC forms in 1990s.
Oncostatin M is a neuroprotective cytokine that inhibits excitotoxic injury in vitro and in vivo

Oncostatin M (OsM) is a member of the interleukin (IL)‐6 family of cytokines and is well known for its role in inflammation, cell proliferation, and hematopoiesis. OsM, together with its glycoprotein 130 containing receptor complex, is expressed and regulated in most cells of the central nervous system (CNS), yet the function of OsM within this compartment is poorly understood. Here we have investigated the effect of OsM using in vitro and in vivo models of excitotoxic injury. Using primary cultures of mouse cortical neurons, OsM was shown to reduce N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate (NMDA) ‐induced neuronal death by 50% when added simultaneously with NMDA while pretreatment of neurons with OsM fully prevented NMDA toxicity indicating a profound protective effect of this cytokine. OsM was also shown to inhibit NMDA‐mediated increase in levels of free intracellular calcium and to selectively reduce neuronal expression of the NR2C subunit of the NMDA receptor. Finally, using an in vivo model of excitotoxic injury, OsM significantly reduced the NMDA‐induced lesion volume when coinjected with NMDA into the mouse striatum. Taken together, these results identify OsM as a powerful neuroprotective cytokine and provide a rational foundation to explore the therapeutic potential for OsM in diseases of the CNS. —Weiss, T. W. , Samson, A. L. , Niego, B. , Daniel, P. B. , Medcalf, R. L. Oncostatin M is a neuroprotective cytokine that inhibits excitotoxic injury in vitro and in vivo. FASEB J. 20, E1636 –E1645 (2006)
Central changes associated with chronic pelvic pain and endometriosis.

BACKGROUND Chronic pelvic pain (CPP) is a significant public health problem with 1 million affected women in the UK. Although many pathologies are associated with CPP, the pain experienced is often disproportionate to the extent of disease identified and frequently no pathology is found (chronic pelvic pain syndrome). The central nervous system (CNS) is central to the experience of pain and chronic pain conditions in general are associated with alterations in both the structure and function of the CNS. This review describes the available evidence for central changes in association with conditions presenting with CPP. METHODS A detailed literature search was performed to identify relevant papers, however, this is not a systematic review. RESULTS CPP is associated with central changes similar to those identified in other pain conditions. Specifically these include, alterations in the behavioural and central response to noxious stimulation, changes in brain structure (both increases and decreases in the volume of specific brain regions), altered activity of both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and psychological distress. CONCLUSIONS The evidence reviewed in this paper demonstrates that CPP is associated with significant central changes when compared with healthy pain-free women. Moreover, the presence of these changes has the potential to both exacerbate symptoms and to predispose these women to the development of additional chronic conditions. These findings support the use of adjunctive medication targeting the CNS in these women.
Macro process of knowledge management for continuous innovation

Purpose – The purpose of this research is to explore the mechanisms of knowledge management (KM) for innovation and provide an approach for enterprises to leverage KM activities into continuous innovation.Design/methodology/approach – By reviewing the literature from multidisciplinary fields, the concepts of knowledge, KM and innovation are investigated. The physical, human and technological perspectives of KM are distinguished with the identification of two core activities for innovation: knowledge creation and knowledge usage. Then an essential requirement for continuous innovation – an internalization phase – is defined. The systems thinking and human‐centered perspectives are adopted for providing a comprehensive understanding about the mechanisms of KM for innovation.Findings – A networking process of continuous innovation based on KM is proposed by incorporating the phase of internalization. Three sources of organizational knowledge assets in innovation are identified. Then, based on the two core ac.
Essays on Foreign Direct Investment, Agglomeration and Productivity

This dissertation investigates the role of foreign direct investment and agglomeration economies in the process of industrial development, with a focus on the productivity of manufacturing firms. The first chapter analyzes the importance of the source of foreign direct investment on the performance of domestic Chinese firms. The second chapter studies the interaction between foreign and domestic manufacturing firms operating in the same industry and located within the same Chinese city. The third chapter examines the response of multinational companies to changes in domestic institutions. My findings highlight the importance of the source of foreign direct investment, proximity to economic activity, and strong institutional incentives in enhancing firm performance in developing economies. ESSAYS ON FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, AGGLOMERATION, AND PRODUCTIVITY
Laparoscopic nephroureterectomy with transvesical single-port distal ureter and bladder cuff dissection: points of technique and initial surgical outcomes with five patients

Although a variety of techniques have been used to manage the distal ureter during laparoscopic radical nephroureterectomy (LNU), a consensus has not yet been established. Recently, some authors have used a single-port transvesical approach to excise the distal ureter and bladder cuff following LNU. The aim of the study was to present our initial experience in „en bloc” dissection of the distal ureter and bladder cuff during LNU, using a transvesical single-port approach (T-LESS) and standard laparoscopic instruments. From April to October 2012, 5 patients aged 45 to 73 years with upper urinary tract urothelial tumors were subjected to LNU/T-LESS. After a standard LNU was performed, a TriPort+® device was introduced into the bladder and the pneumovesicum was established. A bladder cuff with a distal ureter was dissected and put in the paravesical tissue. The bladder wall defect was closed with the V-loc® 3/0 suture. The LNU was then completed in the flank position. All procedures were completed successfully. No significant blood loss or complications were observed. The mean operative time was 250 min (range: 200–370) for a total procedure and 59 min (range: 42–80) for the T-LESS stage. The postoperative hospital stay was 5.2 days (range: 4–9). Pathologic examination revealed no positive margin in any of the cases. The LNU/T-LESS approach is an efficient and safe procedure. A well-visualized dissection of the distal ureter, closing the defect of the bladder, the use of standard laparoscopic instruments and a good cosmesis are advantages of the method.
In Vivo Resetting of the Hamster Circadian Clock by 5-HT7 Receptors in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

Serotonin (5-HT) has been strongly implicated in the regulation of the mammalian circadian clock located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN); however, its role in behavioral (nonphotic) circadian phase resetting remains elusive. Central to this issue are divergent lines of evidence that the SCN may, or may not, be a target for the phase-resetting effects of 5-HT. We have addressed this question using a novel reverse-microdialysis approach for timed perfusions of serotonergic and other agents to the Syrian hamster SCN with durations equivalent to the increases in in vivo 5-HT release during phase-resetting behavioral manipulations. We found that 3 hr perfusions of the SCN with either 5-HT or the 5-HT1A,7receptor agonist 2-dipropylamino-8-hydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-naphthalene (8-OH-DPAT) at midday advanced the phase of the free-running circadian rhythm of wheel-running assessed using an Aschoff type II procedure. Phase shifts induced by 8-OH-DPAT were enhanced more than threefold by pretreatment with the 5-HT synthesis inhibitorpara-chlorophenylalanine. Phase advances induced by SCN 8-OH-DPAT perfusion were significantly inhibited by the 5-HT2,7 receptor antagonist ritanserin and by the more selective 5-HT7 receptor antagonist DR4004, implicating the 5-HT7 receptor in mediating this phase resetting. Concurrent exposure to light during the 8-OH-DPAT perfusion abolished the phase advances. Furthermore, coperfusion of the SCN with TTX, which blocked in vivo 5-HT release, did not suppress intra-SCN 8-OH-DPAT-induced phase advances. These results indicate that 5-HT7 receptor-mediated phase resetting in the SCN is markedly influenced by the degree of postsynaptic responsiveness to 5-HT and by photic stimulation. Finally, 5-HT may act directly on SCN clock cells to induce in vivo nonphotic phase resetting.
Pilot contamination precoding for interference reduction in large scale antenna systems

A large scale antenna system (LSAS) entails a large number of base station (BS) antennas serving a much smaller number of terminals. LSAS demonstrates large gain in spectral-efficiency and energy-efficiency compared with conventional MIMO schemes. In the regime of infinite number of BS antennas, the performance of LSAS can be improved unboundedly by using a multi-cell cooperation method called pilot contamination precoding (PCP). As the number of BS antennas grows PCP completely cancels inter-cell interference resulted from unavoidable use of nonorthogonal pilot sequences in neighboring cells. In this paper, we consider downlink PCP design in the finite antenna regime, where besides pilot contamination, three other types of interference become prominent. We formulate the PCP design as maximizing the minimum signal to interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) subject to network sum power constraint. We propose optimal and simple suboptimal algorithms for finding PCP matrices. We show that in a practical scenario, say with M = 100 antennas, these approaches give very significant improvement over conventional LSASs.
Differential processing of excitation by GABAergic gain modulation in canine caudal ventral respiratory group neurons.

The discharge frequency (F(n)) patterns of medullary respiratory premotor neurons are subject to potent tonic GABAergic gain modulation. Studies in other neuron types suggest that the synaptic input for tonic inhibition is located on the soma where it can affect total neuronal output. However, our preliminary data suggested that excitatory responses elicited by highly local application of glutamate receptor agonists are not gain modulated. In addition, modulation of the amplitude of spike afterhyperpolarizations can gain modulate neuronal output, and this mechanism is located near the spike initiation zone and/or soma. The purpose of this study was to determine if these two gain-modulating mechanisms have different functional locations on the somatodendritic membrane of bulbospinal inspiratory and expiratory neurons. Four-barrel micropipettes were used for extracellular single-neuron recording and pressure ejection of drugs in decerebrate, paralyzed, ventilated dogs. The net increases in F(n) due to repeated short-duration picoejections of the glutamate receptor agonist, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA), was quantified before and during locally induced antagonism of GABA(A) receptors by bicuculline or small-conductance, calcium-activated potassium channels by apamin. The AMPA-induced net increases in F(n) were not significantly altered by BIC, although it produced large increases in the respiratory-related activity. However, the AMPA-induced net responses were amplified in accordance with the gain increase of the respiratory-related activity by apamin. These findings suggest that GABAergic gain modulation may be functionally isolated from the soma/spike initiation zone, e.g., located on a dendritic shaft. This could allow other behavioral signals requiring strong neuronal activation (e.g., coughing, sneezing, vomiting) to utilize the same neuron without being attenuated by the GABAergic modulation.
Induction of Antimicrobial 3-Deoxyflavonoids in Pome Fruit Trees Controls Fire Blight

Abstract Fire blight, a devastating bacterial disease in pome fruits, causes severe economic losses worldwide. Hitherto, an effective control could only be achieved by using antibiotics, but this implies potential risks for human health, livestock and environment. A new approach allows transient inhibition of a step in the flavonoid pathway, thereby inducing the formation of a novel antimicrobial 3-deoxyflavonoid controlling fire blight in apple and pear leaves. This compound is closely related to natural phytoalexins in sorghum. The approach does not only provide a safe method to control fire blight: Resistance against different pathogens is also induced in other crop plants.
Three-dimensional Simulation of Flow Pattern at the Lateral Intake in Straight Path, using Finite-Volume Method

Channel junctions can be analyzed in two ways of division (lateral intake) and combined flows (confluence). The present paper investigates 3D flow pattern at lateral intake using Navier-Stokes equation and ε κ − (RNG) turbulent model. The equations are solved by Finite-Volume Method (FVM) and results are compared with the experimental data of (Barkdoll, B.D., 1997) to test the validity of the findings. Comparison of the results with the experimental data indicated a close proximity between the two sets of data which suggest a very close simulation. Results further indicated an inverse relation between the effects of discharge ratio ( r Q ) on the length and width of the separation zone. In other words, as the discharge ration increases, the length and width of separation zone decreases. Keywords—90 junction, flow division, turbulent flow, numerical modeling, flow separation zone.