Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Organizational socialization of newcomers : a longitudinal study of organizational enculturation processes and outcomes /

Past research on organizational socialization has focused on outcomes such as task mastery, role clarity, role orientation, job satisfaction, organization commitment and turnover, but has neglected the study of the internalization of organizational beliefs and values. Organizational enculturation, a sub-domain of organizational socialization, can be broadly defined as the leaming o f the culture o f the organization. However, organizational enculturation is not just the acquisition o f cultural knowledge, it includes the process in which one embraces (or not embraces) the core organizational beliefs and values as part o f his/her self-concept. Existing theories are fragmented and not comprehensive, and few empirical studies exist. The purpose of this dissertation is to propose a framework for organizational enculturation research and to present a study that investigated some key elements and the relationships among them. Specifically, a two-wave longitudinal field study, employing the survey methodology, examined perceptions, beliefs and values change over a period of eight weeks for 718 newcomers (conscripts) in the Singapore Armed Forces which has a strong and homogeneous culture that emphasizes collectivism. The results showed that the newcomers’ perceptions o f the organizational culture did become more similar to those o f the insiders (their superiors) between week 1 and week 8. No overall change was found for the collect:vistic beliefs and values (collectivism) that relate to the newcomers’ self-concept. Their collectivism scores were relatively stable (P = .69) over the two data collection points. However, changes in collectivism that occurred at the individual level between week I and week 8 were systematically and positively related to some o f the hypothesized constructs. Newcomers who reported having positive experiences and superiors who engaged in proorganizational (collectivism) culture behavior (the latter being moderated by the superiors’ charismatic leadership behavior) showed an increase in their collectivism after controlling for their initial level. The study also showed that having self-concept related beliefs and values that were congruent with the organizational culture was directly related to perceptions o f person-organization fit and indirectly related to organizational commitment, low stress and task performance. Finally, the implications o f the study, its limitations and future directions were discussed.
Radio emission models of colliding-wind binary systems

We present calculations of the spatial and spectral distribution of the radio emission from a wide WR+OB colliding- wind binary system based on high-resolution hydrodynamical simulations and solutions to the radiative transfer equation. We account for both thermal and synchrotron radio emission, free-free absorption in both the unshocked stellar wind envelopes and the shocked gas, synchrotron self-absorption, and the Razin eect. To calculate the synchrotron emission several simplifying assumptions are adopted: the relativistic particle energy density is a simple fraction of the thermal particle energy density, in equipartition with the magnetic energy density, and a power-law in energy. We also assume that the magnetic field is tangled such that the resulting emission is isotropic. The applicability of these calculations to modelling radio images and spectra of colliding-wind systems is demonstrated with models of the radio emission from the wide WR+OB binary WR 147. Its synchrotron spectrum follows a power-law between 5 and 15 GHz but turns down to below this at lower and higher frequencies. We find that while free-free opacity from the circum-binary stellar winds can potentially account for the low-frequency turnover, models that also include a combination of synchrotron self-absorption and Razin eect are favoured. We argue that the high- frequency turn down is a consequence of inverse-Compton cooling. We present our resulting spectra and intensity distributions, along with simulated MERLIN observations of these intensity distributions. From these we argue that the inclination of the WR 147 system to the plane of the sky is low. We summarise by considering extensions of the current model that are important for models of the emission from closer colliding wind binaries, in particular the dramatically varying radio emission of WR 140.
Idiosyncratic Investment Risk in a Neoclassical Growth Economy

This paper examines the effects of idiosyncratic investment, entrepreneurial, or capital-income risk in a neoclassical growth economy, with heterogeneous infinitely-lived risk-averse households, competitive labor and product markets, and incomplete risk sharing. I consider both the case that all capital in the economy is private equity and the case that there is also public equity. I characterize the general equilibrium in closed form under standard assumptions for preferences and technologies. The presence of a risk premium on private investment leads to a lower capital stock in the steady state as compared to complete markets. The interest rate is also lower, but need not be monotonic with respect to the degree of risk sharing. In calibrated versions of the model, the reduction in the steady-state level of output is in the order of 15%. Finally, the interaction of risk premia and wealth introduces a novel propagation mechanism.
AKT Is Activated in an Ataxia-Telangiectasia and Rad3-Related-Dependent Manner in Response to Temozolomide and Confers Protection against Drug-Induced Cell Growth Inhibition

The phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT pathway is activated frequently in human cancer, and it has been implicated in tumor cell proliferation, survival, and chemoresistance. In this study, we addressed the role of AKT in cellular responses to the therapeutic methylating agent temozolomide (TMZ), and we investigated the possible link between TMZ-induced modulation of AKT function and activation of ataxia-telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR)- and ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)-dependent signaling pathways. We found that clinically relevant concentrations of TMZ caused activation of endogenous AKT in lymphoblastoid cells, and in colon and breast cancer cells, and that this molecular event required a functional mismatch repair system. Transfection of a dominant-negative kinase-dead form of AKT1 into breast cancer cells abrogated TMZ-induced activation of endogenous AKT, and it markedly enhanced cell sensitivity to the drug. Likewise, exposure of the MMR-proficient cell lines to the AKT inhibitor d-3-deoxy-2-O-methyl-myo inositol 1-[(R)-2-methoxy-3-(octadecyloxy)-propyl hydrogen phosphate] (SH-5) impaired AKT phosphorylation in response to TMZ, and it significantly increased cell chemosensitivity. Furthermore, small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated reduction of AKT1 expression in colon cancer cells potentiated the growth inhibitory effects of TMZ. Inhibition of ATM expression in colon cancer cells by siRNA did not impair TMZ-induced activation of AKT, whereas siRNA-mediated inhibition of ATR prevented AKT activation in response to the drug and increased cell chemosensitivity. These results strongly support the hypothesis that clinical benefit could be obtained by combining TMZ with inhibitors of the AKT pathway. Moreover, they provide the first evidence of a novel function of ATR as an upstream activator of AKT in response to DNA damage induced by O6-guanine-methylating agents.
Simultaneous detection and strain differentiation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis for diagnosis and epidemiology

Widespread use of DNA restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) to differentiate strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to monitor the transmission of tuberculosis has been hampered by the need to culture this slow-growing organism and by the level of technical sophistication needed for RFLP typing. We have developed a simple method which allows simultaneous detection and typing of M. tuberculosis in clinical specimens and reduces the time between suspicion of the disease and typing from 1 or several months to 1 or 3 days. The method is based on polymorphism of the chromosomal DR locus, which contains a variable number of short direct repeats interspersed with nonrepetitive spacers. The method is referred to as spacer oligotyping or "spoligotyping" because it is based on strain-dependent hybridization patterns of in vitro-amplified DNA with multiple spacer oligonucleotides. Most of the clinical isolates tested showed unique hybridization patterns, whereas outbreak strains shared the same spoligotype. The types obtained from direct examination of clinical samples were identical to those obtained by using DNA from cultured M. tuberculosis. This novel preliminary study shows that the novel method may be a useful tool for rapid disclosure of linked outbreak cases in a community, in hospitals, or in other institutions and for monitoring of transmission of multidrug-resistant M. tuberculosis. Unexpectedly, spoligotyping was found to differentiate M. bovis from M. tuberculosis, a distinction which is often difficult to make by traditional methods.
Co-Overexpression of GEP100 and AMAP1 Proteins Correlates with Rapid Local Recurrence after Breast Conservative Therapy

A major problem of current cancer research and therapy is prediction of tumor recurrence after initial treatment, rather than the simple biological characterization of the malignancy and proliferative properties of tumors. Breast conservation therapy (BCT) is a well-approved, standard treatment for patients with early stages of breast cancer, which consists of lumpectomy and whole-breast irradiation. In spite of extensive studies, only 'age' and 'Ki-67 positivity' have been identified to be well correlated with local recurrence after BCT. An Arf6 pathway, activated by GEP100 under receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and employs AMAP1 as its effector, is crucial for invasion and metastasis of some breast cancer cells. This pathway activates β1 integrins and perturbs E-cadherin-based adhesions, hence appears to be integral for epithelial-mesenchymal transdifferentiation (EMT). We here show that expression of the Arf6 pathway components statistically correlates with rapid local recurrence after BCT. We retrospectively analyzed four hundred seventy-nine patients who received BCT in Hokkaido University Hospital, and found 20 patients had local recurrence. We then analyzed pathological samples of patients who experienced local recurrence by use of Kaplan-Meier analysis, Stepwise regression analysis and the t-test, coupled with immunostaining, and found that co-overexpression of GEP100 and AMAP1 correlates with rapidity of the local recurrence. Their margin-status, node-positivity, and estrogen receptor (ER)- or progesterone receptor (PgR)-positivity did not correlated with the rapidity. This study is the first to show that expression of a certain set of proteins correlates with the rapidity of local recurrence. Our results are useful not only for prediction, but highlight the possibility of developing novel strategies to block local recurrence. We also discuss why mRNAs encoding these proteins have not been identified to correlate with local recurrence by previous conventional gene expression profiling analyses.
Going the distance for TLB prefetching: an application-driven study

The importance of the translation lookaside buffer (TLB) on system performance is well known. There is a large body of literature on prefetching for caches, and it is not clear how they can be adapted (or if the issues are different) for TLBs, how well suited they are for TLB prefetching, and how they compare with the recency prefetching mechanism. This paper presents the first detailed comparison of different prefetching mechanisms (previously proposed for caches) - arbitrary stride prefetching and Markov prefetching -for TLB entries, and evaluates their pros and cons. In addition, this paper proposes a novel prefetching mechanism, called distance prefetching, that attempts to capture patterns in the reference behavior in a smaller space than earlier proposals. Using detailed simulations of a wide variety of applications (56 in all) from different benchmark suites and all the, SPEC CPU2000 applications, this paper demonstrates the benefits of distance prefetching.
Data-Adaptive Wavelets and Multi-Scale SSA

Using multi-scale ideas from wavelet analysis, we extend singular-spectrum analysis (SSA) to the study of nonstationary time series of length N whose intermittency can give rise to the divergence of their variance. The wavelet transform is a kind of local Fourier transform within a ﬁnite moving window whose width W , proportional to the major period of interest, is varied to explore a broad range of such periods. SSA, on the other hand, relies on the construction of the lag-covariance matrix C on M lagged copies of the time series over a ﬁxed window width W to detect the regular part of the variability in that window in terms of the minimal number of oscillatory components; here W = M ∆ t , with ∆ t the time step. The proposed multi-scale SSA is a local SSA analysis within a moving window of width M ≤ W ≤ N . Multi-scale SSA varies W , while keeping a ﬁxed W/M ratio, and uses the eigenvectors of the corresponding lag-covariance matrix C M as a data-adaptive wavelets; successive eigenvectors of C M correspond approximately to successive derivatives of the ﬁrst mother wavelet in standard wavelet analysis. Multi-scale SSA thus solves objectively the delicate problem of optimizing the analyzing wavelet in the time-frequency domain, by a suitable localization of the signal’s covariance matrix. We present several examples of application to synthetic signals with fractal or power-law behavior which mimic selected features of certain climatic and geophysical time series. A real application is to the Southern Oscillation index (SOI) monthly values for 1933–1996. Our methodology highlights an abrupt periodicity shift in the SOI near 1960. This abrupt shift between 4 and 3 years supports the Devil’s staircase scenario for the El Ni˜no/Southern Oscillation phenomenon. 1
Support vector machine for EEG signal classification during listening to emotional music

An approach to recognize the emotion responses during multimedia presentation using the electroencephalogram (EEG) signals is proposed. The association between EEG signals and music-induced emotion responses was investigated in three factors, including: 1) the types of features, 2) the temporal resolutions of features, and 3) the components of EEG. The results showed that the spectrum power asymmetry index of EEG signal was a sensitive marker to reflect the brain activation related to emotion responses, especially for the low frequency bands of delta, theta and alpha components. Besides, the maximum classification accuracy was obtained around 92.73% by using support vector machine (SVM) based on 60 features derived from all EEG components with the feature temporal resolution of one second. As such, it will be able to provide key clues to develop EEG-inspired multimedia applications, in which multimedia contents could be offered interactively according to the userspsila immediate feedback.
Statistical background subtraction for a mobile observer

Statistical background modelling and subtraction has proved to be a popular and effective class of algorithms for segmenting independently moving foreground objects out from a static background, without requiring any a priori information of the properties of foreground objects. We present two contributions on this topic, aimed towards robotics where an active head is mounted on a mobile vehicle. In periods when the vehicle's wheels are not driven, camera translation is virtually zero, and background subtraction techniques are applicable. This is also highly relevant to surveillance and video conferencing. The first part presents an efficient probabilistic framework for when the camera pans and tilts. A unified approach is developed for handling various sources of error, including motion blur, subpixel camera motion, mixed pixels at object boundaries, and also uncertainty in background stabilisation caused by noise, unmodelled radial distortion and small translations of the camera. The second contribution regards a Bayesian approach to specifically incorporate uncertainty concerning whether the background has yet been uncovered by moving foreground objects. This is an important requirement during initialisation of a system. We cannot assume that a background model is available in advance since that would involve storing models for each possible position, in every room, of the robot's operating environment. Instead the background mode must be generated online, very possibly in the presence of moving objects.
Practical privacy: the SuLQ framework

We consider a statistical database in which a trusted administrator introduces noise to the query responses with the goal of maintaining privacy of individual database entries. In such a database, a query consists of a pair (S, f) where S is a set of rows in the database and f is a function mapping database rows to {0, 1}. The true answer is ΣiεS f(di), and a noisy version is released as the response to the query. Results of Dinur, Dwork, and Nissim show that a strong form of privacy can be maintained using a surprisingly small amount of noise -- much less than the sampling error -- provided the total number of queries is sublinear in the number of database rows. We call this query and (slightly) noisy reply the SuLQ (Sub-Linear Queries) primitive. The assumption of sublinearity becomes reasonable as databases grow increasingly large.We extend this work in two ways. First, we modify the privacy analysis to real-valued functions f and arbitrary row types, as a consequence greatly improving the bounds on noise required for privacy. Second, we examine the computational power of the SuLQ primitive. We show that it is very powerful indeed, in that slightly noisy versions of the following computations can be carried out with very few invocations of the primitive: principal component analysis, k means clustering, the Perceptron Algorithm, the ID3 algorithm, and (apparently! ) all algorithms that operate in the in the statistical query learning model [11].
A Remark on Prime Divisors of Lengths of Sides of Heron Triangles

A Heron triangle is a triangle having the property that the lengths of its sides as well as its area are positive integers. Let P be a fixed set of primes; let S denote the set of integers divisible only by primes in P. We prove that there are only finitely many Heron triangles whose sides a, b, c ∊ S and are reduced, that is gcd(a, b, c) = 1. If P contains only one prime ≡ 1 (mod 4), then all these triangles can be effectively determined. In case P = {2, 3, 5, 7,11}, all such triangles are explicitly given.
Learning to rank duplicate bug reports

For a large and complex software system, the project team could receive a large number of bug reports. Some bug reports could be duplicates as they essentially report the same problem. It is often tedious and costly to manually check if a newly reported bug is a duplicate of an already reported bug. In this paper, we propose BugSim, a method that can automatically retrieve duplicate bug reports given a new bug report. BugSim is based on learning to rank concepts. We identify textual and statistical features of bug reports and propose a similarity function for bug reports based on the features. We then construct a training set by assembling pairs of duplicate and non-duplicate bug reports. We train the weights of features by applying the stochastic gradient descent algorithm over the training set. For a new bug report, we retrieve candidate duplicate reports using the trained model. We evaluate BugSim using more than 45,100 real bug reports of twelve Eclipse projects. The evaluation results show that the proposed method is effective. On average, the recall rate for the top 10 retrieved reports is 76.11%. Furthermore, BugSim outperforms the previous state-of-art methods that are implemented using SVM and BM25Fext.
Role of Trapped Air on the Tsunami-Induced Transient Loads and Response of Coastal Bridges

In response to the extensive damage of coastal bridges sustained in recent tsunamis, this paper describes an investigation into tsunami-induced effects on two common bridge types, an open-girder deck with cross-frames and one with solid diaphragms. To this end, large-scale (1:5) physical models with realistic structural members and elastomeric bearings were constructed and tested under a range of unbroken solitary waves and more realistic tsunami-like transient bores. The flexible bearings allowed the superstructure to rotate and translate vertically, thus simulating the wave–structure interaction during the tsunami inundation. Detailed analysis of the experimental data revealed that for both bridge types the resistance mechanism and transient structural response is characterized by a short-duration phase that introduces the maximum overturning moment, upward movement, and rotation of the deck, and a longer-duration phase that introduces significant uplift forces but small moment and rotation due to the fact that the wave is approaching the point of rotation. In the former phase the uplift is resisted mainly by the elastomeric bearings and columns offshore of the center of gravity of the superstructure (C.G.), maximizing their uplift demand. In the latter phase the total uplift is distributed more equally to all the bearings, which tends to maximize the uplift demand in the structural members close to the C.G. The air-entrapment in the chambers of the bridge with diaphragms modifies the wave–structure interaction, introducing (a) a different pattern and magnitude of wave pressures on the superstructure due to the cushioning effect; (b) a 39% average and 148% maximum increase in the total uplift forces; and (c) a 32% average increase of the overturning moment, which has not been discussed in previous studies. Deciphering the exact effect of the trapped air on the total uplift forces is challenging because, although the air consistently increases the quasi-static component of the force, it has an inconsistent and complex effect on the slamming component, which can either increase or decrease. Interestingly, the air also has a complex effect on the uplift demand in the offshore bearings and columns, which can decrease or increase even more than the total deck uplift, and an inconsistent effect on the uplift force of different structural components introduced by the same wave. These are major findings because they demonstrate that the current approach of investigating the effect of trapped air only on the total uplift is insufficient. Last but not least, the study reveals the existence of significant differences in the effects introduced by solitary waves and transient bores, especially when air is trapped beneath the deck; it also provides practical guidance to engineers, who are advised to design the elastomeric bearings offshore of the C.G. for at least 60% and 50% of the total induced uplift force, respectively, for a bridge with cross-frames and one with diaphragms, instead of distributing the total uplift equally to all bearings.