Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Nature of the Relationship Between Neurocognition and Theory of Mind Impairments in Stroke Patients

Objective: Theory of mind (ToM) is a complex, high-level cognitive function that allows people to infer the cognitive and affective mental states of others. Previous studies have produced limited and frequently contradictory findings on the neuropsychological underpinnings of ToM performance in patients with stroke. The aim of the present study is to investigate neuropsychological mechanisms of cognitive and affective theory of mind dysfunctions in patients with stroke. Method: Fifty-eight patients with stroke and 22 healthy controls matched in age, gender, and education level underwent robust neuropsychological examination of their pragmatic abilities, executive functions, attention, memory, psychomotor speed, and visuospatial abilities as well as a cognitive and affective ToM assessment. Results: Patients with stroke demonstrated impaired performance in all ToM tasks. While pragmatic competence and, to a lesser degree, executive functions had the strongest contribution to ToM impairments, attention and general cognitive functioning did not directly affect mentalizing abilities, as demonstrated by a path analysis. Our study reveals the different roles of cognitive functions in cognitive and affective components of ToM. Executive functions contributed only to the cognitive components of ToM. Conclusion: Deficits in cognitive aspects of ToM are best explained by impairment of pragmatic competence and executive functions. In contrast, executive dysfunction does not affect the ability to understand the affective mental states of others.
Temporal Variability of Oral Microbiota over 10 Months and the Implications for Future Epidemiologic Studies

Background: Few studies have prospectively evaluated the association between oral microbiota and health outcomes. Precise estimates of the intrasubject microbial metric stability will allow better study planning. Therefore, we conducted a study to evaluate the temporal variability of oral microbiota. Methods: Forty individuals provided six oral samples using the OMNIgene ORAL kit and Scope mouthwash oral rinses approximately every two months over 10 months. DNA was extracted using the QIAsymphony and the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified and sequenced using the MiSeq. To estimate temporal variation, we calculated intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for a variety of metrics and examined stability after clustering samples into distinct community types using Dirichlet multinomial models (DMMs). Results: The ICCs for the alpha diversity measures were high, including for number of observed bacterial species [0.74; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.65–0.82 and 0.79; 95% CI: 0.75–0.94] from OMNIgene ORAL and Scope mouthwash, respectively. The ICCs for the relative abundance of the top four phyla and beta diversity matrices were lower. Three clusters provided the best model fit for the DMM from the OMNIgene ORAL samples, and the probability of remaining in a specific cluster was high (59.5%–80.7%). Conclusions: The oral microbiota appears to be stable over time for multiple metrics, but some measures, particularly relative abundance, were less stable. Impact: We used this information to calculate stability-adjusted power calculations that will inform future field study protocols and experimental analytic designs. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 27(5); 594–600. ©2018 AACR.
Characterization of Essential Oil Composition in Different Basil Species and Pot Cultures by a GC-MS Method

Basil (Ocimum L.) species are used as medicinal plants due to their essential oils exhibiting specific biological activity. The present work demonstrated that both the variety and season/conditions of cultivation had a significant effect on (i) the produced amount (extraction yield), (ii) qualitative, as well as (iii) quantitative profile of basil essential oil. Among studied basil varieties, a new variety, ‘Mánes’, was characterized for the first time. Based on our quantitative evaluation of GC-MS profiles, the following chemotypes and average concentrations of a main component were detected in the studied basil varieties: ‘Ohře’, ‘Lettuce Leaf’, ‘Purple Opaal’, ‘Dark Green’ (linalool, 5.99, 2.49, 2.34, 2.01 mg/mL, respectively), and ‘Mammolo Genovese’, ‘Mánes’, ‘Red Rubin’ (eucalyptol, 1.34, 0.96, 0.76 mg/mL, respectively). At the same time, when considering other compounds identified in GC-MS profiles, all the studied varieties, except from ‘Lettuce Leaf’, were methyl eugenol-rich with a strong dependence of the eugenol:methyl eugenol ratio on the seasonal changes (mainly solar irradiation, but also temperature and relative humidity). More complex and/or variable (depending on the season and cultivation) chemotypes were observed with ‘Lettuce Leaf’ (plus estragole, 2.27 mg/mL), ‘Dark Green’ (plus eucalyptol, 1.36 mg/mL), ‘Mammolo Genovese’ (plus eugenol, 1.19 mg/mL), ‘Red Rubin’ (plus linalool and eugenol, 0.46 and 0.56 mg/mL, respectively), and ‘Mánes’ (plus linalool and eugenol, 0.58 and 0.40 mg/mL, respectively). When considering superior extraction yield (ca. 17 mL·kg−1, i.e., two to five times higher than other examined varieties) and consistent amounts (yields) of essential oil when comparing inter-seasonal or inter-year data (RSD and inter-year difference in mean yield values ˂2.5%), this new basil variety is very promising for use in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries.
Immediate implant placement and provisionalization of maxillary anterior single implants

An inevitable loss of soft and hard tissue after tooth extraction often results in a compromised site for anterior implant esthetics in both vertical and horizontal dimensions. Immediate implant placement and provisionalization has been a viable option for replacing failing maxillary anterior teeth as it preserves the vertical existing osseous and gingival architecture. With the simultaneous addition of soft- and hard-tissue grafts, the peri-implant horizontal tissue topography can also be maintained. The esthetic success of immediate implant placement and provisionalization procedures is influenced by a number of factors that can be identified as patient-dependent or clinician-dependent. This article describes in detail the process of patient selection, indications, contraindications, diagnosis, treatment planning and treatment execution required to achieve functional and esthetic success with immediate implant placement and provisionalization.
Interval-Based Analysis of Software Processes

A typical characteristic of complex embedded systems is their large software share that consists of software processes either being directly written in an implementation language like C, or being created from abstract modeling tools (e. g. Simulink or StateMate) using standard code generators, or being reused from previous designs (e. g. legacy code). A major challenge is the safe integration of these separately designed system parts. This paper focuses on the formal analysis of software processes with respect to their non-functional properties like timing or power consumption. The proposed approach yields safe upper and lower bounds on these properties and has advantages over previous work in terms of accuracy and efficiency. Further, it is shown how the results of this process-level analysis can be utilized to generate a model for the system-wide validation of non-functional properties. The applicability of the approach is demonstrated using an example of a filter process operating on a packet stream.
NF‐κB and androgen receptor variant 7 induce expression of SRD5A isoforms and confer 5ARI resistance

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is treated with 5α‐reductase inhibitors (5ARI). These drugs inhibit the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone resulting in apoptosis and prostate shrinkage. Most patients initially respond to 5ARIs; however, failure is common especially in inflamed prostates, and often results in surgery. This communication examines a link between activation of NF‐κB and increased expression of SRD5A2 as a potential mechanism by which patients fail 5ARI therapy.
ALDH2 Glu504Lys Confers Susceptibility to Schizophrenia and Impacts Hippocampal‐Prefrontal Functional Connectivity

Abstract Although previous evidence suggested that ALDH2 is a candidate gene for schizophrenia, the association and underlying mechanisms have never been investigated. Therefore, we investigated ALDH2 as a susceptibility gene for schizophrenia and explored the effect of its polymorphisms on brain functions. In the discovery stage, we detected a positive association between a dominant‐negative mutant, Glu504Lys, and schizophrenia (P= 8.01E−5, OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.16‐1.55). This association was confirmed in the validation stage (P= 3.48E−6, OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.15‐1.42). The combined P reached a genome‐wide significance (Pcombined= 1.32E−9, OR = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.20‐1.42). To investigate the neural mechanism linking Glu504Lys to schizophrenia, we calculated the functional connectivity (FC) and applied an imaging genetics strategy using resting‐state fMRI data. The imaging analysis revealed a significant interaction of diagnostic group by genotype for FC between the left hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex. In the Glu homozygotes, hippocampal‐prefrontal FC correlated inversely with memory performance in the healthy controls and with the PANSS negative score in the schizophrenia patients. Our results supported a role for ALDH2 in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Moreover, variation at Glu504Lys disrupts hippocampal‐prefrontal FC, which might be the neural mechanism linking it to the disease.
Single- and Multiple-Dose Study To Determine the Safety, Tolerability, Pharmacokinetics, and Food Effect of Oral MRX-I versus Linezolid in Healthy Adult Subjects

ABSTRACT A multipart phase 1 study was conducted to determine the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, and food effect of the novel oral oxazolidinone, MRX-I, in healthy adults, as well as the tolerability of longer-term exposure of both oral MRX-I and linezolid. Thirty subjects in part 1 received single ascending doses of MRX-I or placebo under fasting or fed condition in a double-blind crossover design. Twelve subjects in part 2 received MRX-I at 800 mg every 12 h (q12h) for 14 days in a double-blind, placebo-controlled design. In part 3, 24 subjects were randomized to receive 28 days of MRX-I at 800 mg q12h or oral linezolid at 600 mg q12h for 28 days in a double-blind, double-dummy design. Oral MRX-I was associated with a greater bioavailability and exposure when administered with food, and minimal accumulation of MRX-I occurred after multiple-dose administration. Oral MRX-I was well tolerated at single doses of up to 1,200 and 800 mg q12h for up to 28 days; all adverse events were mild to moderate in severity, and there was no drug discontinuation due to adverse events. These data support further clinical development of oral MRX-I in the treatment of resistant Gram-positive bacterial infections.
High-throughput, low-loss, low-cost, and label-free cell separation using electrophysiology-activated cell enrichment

Significance Cell separation is a fundamental process in biomedicine, but is presently complicated, cumbersome, and expensive. We present a technique that can sort cells at a rate equivalent to or faster than gold-standard techniques such as fluorescence- and magnetic-activated cell sorting, but can do it label-free and with very low cell loss. The system uses dielectrophoresis to sort cells electrostatically, using an electrode chip that eschews microfabrication in favor of a laminate drilled with 397 electrode-bearing wells. This high level of parallelization makes the system immune to the bubbles that limit labs-on-chip, while also increasing capacity and throughput to levels comparable with high-throughput FACS and MACS, whereas the chip is cheap enough to be disposable, preventing interseparation contamination. Currently, cell separation occurs almost exclusively by density gradient methods and by fluorescence- and magnetic-activated cell sorting (FACS/MACS). These variously suffer from lack of specificity, high cell loss, use of labels, and high capital/operating cost. We present a dielectrophoresis (DEP)-based cell-separation method, using 3D electrodes on a low-cost disposable chip; one cell type is allowed to pass through the chip whereas the other is retained and subsequently recovered. The method advances usability and throughput of DEP separation by orders of magnitude in throughput, efficiency, purity, recovery (cells arriving in the correct output fraction), cell losses (those which are unaccounted for at the end of the separation), and cost. The system was evaluated using three example separations: live and dead yeast; human cancer cells/red blood cells; and rodent fibroblasts/red blood cells. A single-pass protocol can enrich cells with cell recovery of up to 91.3% at over 300,000 cells per second with >3% cell loss. A two-pass protocol can process 300,000,000 cells in under 30 min, with cell recovery of up to 96.4% and cell losses below 5%, an effective processing rate >160,000 cells per second. A three-step protocol is shown to be effective for removal of 99.1% of RBCs spiked with 1% cancer cells while maintaining a processing rate of ∼170,000 cells per second. Furthermore, the self-contained and low-cost nature of the separator device means that it has potential application in low-contamination applications such as cell therapies, where good manufacturing practice compatibility is of paramount importance.
Optimal DoF Region of the $K$ -User MISO BC With Partial CSIT

We consider the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-user multiple-input-single-output broadcast channel, where the transmitter, equipped with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$M$ </tex-math></inline-formula> antennas, serves <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K$ </tex-math></inline-formula> users, with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$K \leq M$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The transmitter has access to a partial channel state information of the users. This is modeled by letting the variance of the channel state information at the transmitter error of user <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$i$ </tex-math></inline-formula> scale as <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(P^{-\alpha _{i}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) for the signal-to-noise ratio <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$P$ </tex-math></inline-formula> and some constant <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\alpha _{i} \geq 0$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. In this letter, we derive the optimal degrees-of-freedom region in such setting, and we show that rate-splitting is the key scheme to achieve such a region.
Friction welding for cladding applications : processing, microstructure and mechanical properties of inertia friction welds of stainless steel to low carbon steel and evaluation of wrought and welded austenitic stainless steels for cladding applications in acid-chloride service

iii LIST OF FIGURES . xi LIST OF TABLES . xvi LIST OF SYMBOLS . xviii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . xxiii CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Industrial Relevance . 1 1.2 Motivation for the Research . 1 1.3 Current Processes for Producing CR Lined Pipe . 1 1.4 A Proposed Process for Producing CR Lined Pipe . 4 1.5 Objectives . 4 1.6 Approach . 5 CHAPTER 2 : LITERATURE REVIEW . 6 2.1 Cladding of Steel Pipe for Corrosion Resistance . 6 2.2 Dissimilar Welding and Fusion Cladding Issues . 6 2.2.1 Power Plant Applications . 6 2.2.2 Nuclear Applications . 7 2.2.3 Petrochemical Processing Applications: . 7 2.2.4 Partial Mixing and Martensite Formation . 8 2.3 Friction Welding . 9 2.3. 1 Thermal Models of Friction Welding . 11 2.3. 2 Thermo-Mechanical Models . 12 2.3. 3 Friction Welding of Stainless Steels . 13 2.3. 4 Friction Welding of Low Alloy Steels . 14 2.3. 5 Friction Welding of Stainless Steel to Low Alloy Steel . 14 2.4 Corrosion of Stainless Steel . 16
Enrichment and detection of live antigen‐specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells based on cytokine secretion

Following appropriate antigen‐specific stimulation, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes rapidly express cytokines. Based on this stimulation‐induced cytokine secretion and using cell suface affinity matrix technology we have developed a new method that permits specific, rapid and efficient detection, isolation and characterization of live antigen‐specific CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. The power of this technique is demonstrated here for HLA‐A0201‐restricted influenza matrix protein peptide 58‐66‐specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes, influenza A virus‐ and recombinant tetanus toxin C fragment‐specific Th1 cells and tetanus toxoid‐specific Th2 cells.
Drug Off-Target Effects Predicted Using Structural Analysis in the Context of a Metabolic Network Model

Recent advances in structural bioinformatics have enabled the prediction of protein-drug off-targets based on their ligand binding sites. Concurrent developments in systems biology allow for prediction of the functional effects of system perturbations using large-scale network models. Integration of these two capabilities provides a framework for evaluating metabolic drug response phenotypes in silico. This combined approach was applied to investigate the hypertensive side effect of the cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitor torcetrapib in the context of human renal function. A metabolic kidney model was generated in which to simulate drug treatment. Causal drug off-targets were predicted that have previously been observed to impact renal function in gene-deficient patients and may play a role in the adverse side effects observed in clinical trials. Genetic risk factors for drug treatment were also predicted that correspond to both characterized and unknown renal metabolic disorders as well as cryptic genetic deficiencies that are not expected to exhibit a renal disorder phenotype except under drug treatment. This study represents a novel integration of structural and systems biology and a first step towards computational systems medicine. The methodology introduced herein has important implications for drug development and personalized medicine.
Mechanical and fracture properties of glass fiber reinforced geopolymer concrete

This paper investigates the effect of inclusion of glass fibers on mechanical and fracture properties of binary blend geopolymer concrete produced by using fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag. To study the effect of glass fibers, the mix design parameters like binder content, alkaline solution/binder ratio, sodium hydroxide concentration and aggregate grading were kept constant. Four different volume fractions (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3% and 0.4%) and two different lengths (6 mm, 13 mm) of glass fibers were considered in the present study. Three different notch-depth ratios (0.1, 0.2, and 0.3) were considered for determining the fracture properties. The test results indicated that the addition of glass fibers improved the flexural strength, split tensile strength, fracture energy, critical stress intensity factor and critical crack mouth opening displacement of geopolymer concrete. 13 mm fibers are found to be more effective than 6 mm fibers and the optimum dosage of glass fibers was found to be 0.3% (by volume of concrete). The study shows the enormous potential of glass fiber reinforced geopolymer concrete in structural applications.
Pandapower—An Open-Source Python Tool for Convenient Modeling, Analysis, and Optimization of Electric Power Systems

Pandapower is a Python-based BSD-licensed power system analysis tool aimed at automation of static and quasi-static analysis and optimization of balanced power systems. It provides power flow, optimal power flow, state estimation, topological graph searches, and short-circuit calculations according to IEC 60909. pandapower includes a Newton–Raphson power flow solver formerly based on pypower, which has been accelerated with just-in-time compilation. Additional enhancements to the solver include the capability to model constant current loads, grids with multiple reference nodes, and a connectivity check. The pandapower network model is based on electric elements, such as lines, two- and three-winding transformers, or ideal switches. All elements can be defined with nameplate parameters and are internally processed with equivalent circuit models, which have been validated against industry standard software tools. The tabular data structure used to define networks is based on the Python library pandas, which allows comfortable handling of input and output parameters. The implementation in Python makes pandapower easy to use and allows comfortable extension with third-party libraries. pandapower has been successfully applied in several grid studies as well as for educational purposes. A comprehensive publicly available case study demonstrates a possible application of pandapower in an automated time-series calculation.
Metastasis Seeding Cells: Lone Invaders or Mass Migrators?

Lymph node metastases are among the best predictors of recurrence and of cancer-related death in early-stage colorectal cancers. Yet, despite their clinical and biological relevance, it remains elusive how lymph node metastases develop and whether metastatic seeding is a major bottleneck that restrains genetic heterogeneity of metastatic disease. Clin Cancer Res; 24(9); 2032–4. ©2018 AACR. See related article by Ulintz et al., p. 2214
Increased basement membrane turnover and strongly attenuated interstitial matrix turnover is a key pathological feature of haemophilia

1. Medina SS, Ozelo MC. Zika virus and inherited bleeding disorders. Haemophilia. 2017;23:177-179. 2. Yasri S, Wiwanitkit V. Platelet count in Zika virus infection: A summary on 26 cases. Ann Trop Med Public Health. 2016;9:428. 3. Wijayaratne D, Ranasinghe P, Mohotti SP, Dilrukshi SA, Katulanda P. Dengue fever in a patient with severe haemophilia: a case report. BMC Res Notes. 2015;8:78. 4. Wiwanitkit S, Wiwanitkit V. Afebrile, asymptomatic and nonthrombocytopenic Zika virus infection: Don’t miss it! Asian Pac J Trop Med. 2016;9:513.
Formula Feeding Predisposes Neonatal Piglets to Clostridium difficile Gut Infection

Spontaneous outbreaks of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) occur in neonatal piglets, but the predisposing factors are largely not known. To study the conditions for C. difficile colonization and CDI development, 48 neonatal piglets were moved into isolators, fed bovine milk-based formula, and infected with C. difficile 078. Analyses included clinical scoring; measurement of the fecal C. difficile burden, toxin B level, and calprotectin level; and postmortem histopathological analysis of colon specimens. Controls were noninfected suckling piglets. Fecal specimens from suckling piglets, formula-fed piglets, and formula-fed, C. difficile-infected piglets were used for metagenomics analysis. High background levels of C. difficile and toxin were detected in formula-fed piglets prior to infection, while suckling piglets carried about 3-fold less C. difficile, and toxin was not detected. Toxin level in C. difficile-challenged animals correlated positively with C. difficile and calprotectin levels. Postmortem signs of CDI were absent in suckling piglets, whereas mesocolonic edema and gas-filled distal small intestines and ceca, cellular damage, and reduced expression of claudins were associated with animals from the challenge trials. Microbiota in formula-fed piglets was enriched with Escherichia, Shigella, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, and Ruminococcus species. Formula-fed piglets were predisposed to C. difficile colonization earlier as compared to suckling piglets. Infection with a hypervirulent C. difficile ribotype did not aggravate the symptoms of infection. Sow-offspring association and consumption of porcine milk during early life may be crucial for the control of C. difficile expansion in piglets.