Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Golgi Structure in Three Dimensions: Functional Insights from the Normal Rat Kidney Cell

Three-dimensional reconstructions of portions of the Golgi complex from cryofixed, freeze-substituted normal rat kidney cells have been made by dual-axis, high-voltage EM tomography at ∼7-nm resolution. The reconstruction shown here (∼1 × 1 × 4 μm3) contains two stacks of seven cisternae separated by a noncompact region across which bridges connect some cisternae at equivalent levels, but none at nonequivalent levels. The rest of the noncompact region is filled with both vesicles and polymorphic membranous elements. All cisternae are fenestrated and display coated buds. They all have about the same surface area, but they differ in volume by as much as 50%. The trans-most cisterna produces exclusively clathrin-coated buds, whereas the others display only nonclathrin coated buds. This finding challenges traditional views of where sorting occurs within the Golgi complex. Tubules with budding profiles extend from the margins of both cis and trans cisternae. They pass beyond neighboring cisternae, suggesting that these tubules contribute to traffic to and/or from the Golgi. Vesicle-filled “wells” open to both the cis and lateral sides of the stacks. The stacks of cisternae are positioned between two types of ER, cis and trans. The cis ER lies adjacent to the ER-Golgi intermediate compartment, which consists of discrete polymorphic membranous elements layered in front of the cis-most Golgi cisterna. The extensive trans ER forms close contacts with the two trans-most cisternae; this apposition may permit direct transfer of lipids between ER and Golgi membranes. Within 0.2 μm of the cisternae studied, there are 394 vesicles (8 clathrin coated, 190 nonclathrin coated, and 196 noncoated), indicating considerable vesicular traffic in this Golgi region. Our data place structural constraints on models of trafficking to, through, and from the Golgi complex.
A sketch-based interactive framework for real-time mesh segmentation

Meaningful mesh segmentation plays a more and more important role in various graphics applications, such as texture mapping, shape retrieval, and high-quality metamorphosis. This paper proposes a sketch-based interactive framework for real-time mesh segmentation. With an easy-to-use tool, the user can freely segment a 3D mesh while needing little eﬀort or skill. In order to meaningfully segment the mesh, two dimension-less feature sensitive metrics are proposed, which are independent of the model and part size. We show that these metrics give the clear physical meaning to illustrate discrete diﬀerential geometric features, such as the curvature tensor and the curve length of gaussian image. Finally, we discuss three kinds of boundary smoothing methods, and present two fast topology-invariant, geometry-invariant adjustment algorithms based on convex hull features and angle features. Compared with previous methods, our method can easily achieve multi-level segmentation in just one session.
Simulating Coalitionally Stable Burden Sharing Agreements for the Climate Change Problem

In this paper we introduce the CLIMNEG World Simulation (CWS) model for simulating cooperative game theoretic aspects of global climate negotiations. The model is derived from the seminal RICE model by Nordhaus and Yang (1996). We first state the necessary conditions that determine optimal investment and emission abatement paths under alternative cooperation regimes, and then we test empirically with a numerical version of the CWS model whether the cooperative game theoretic "core" property of the transfer scheme advocated by Germain, Toint and Tulkens (1997) holds. Under this transfer scheme no individual country, nor any subset of countries, should have an interest in leaving the international environmental agreement. For the numerical specification of the CWS model used here, we obtain the result that this is indeed the case.
ON THE EMERGENT SPECTRA OF HOT PROTOPLANET COLLISION AFTERGLOWS

We explore the appearance of terrestrial planets in formation by studying the emergent spectra of hot molten protoplanets during their collisional formation. While such collisions are rare, the surfaces of these bodies may remain hot at temperatures of 1000–3000 K for up to millions of years during the epoch of their formation (of duration 10–100 Myr). These objects are luminous enough in the thermal infrared to be observable with current and next-generation optical/IR telescopes, provided that the atmosphere of the forming planet permits astronomers to observe brightness temperatures approaching that of the molten surface. Detectability of a collisional afterglow depends on properties of the planet's atmosphere—primarily on the mass of the atmosphere. A planet with a thin atmosphere is more readily detected, because there is little atmosphere to obscure the hot surface. Paradoxically, a more massive atmosphere prevents one from easily seeing the hot surface, but also keeps the planet hot for a longer time. In terms of planetary mass, more massive planets are also easier to detect than smaller ones because of their larger emitting surface areas—up to a factor of 10 in brightness between 1 and 10 M⊕ planets. We present preliminary calculations assuming a range of protoplanet masses (1–10 M⊕), surface pressures (1–1000 bar), and atmospheric compositions, for molten planets with surface temperatures ranging from 1000 to 1800 K, in order to explore the diversity of emergent spectra that are detectable. While current 8 to 10 m class ground-based telescopes may detect hot protoplanets at wide orbital separations beyond 30 AU (if they exist), we will likely have to wait for next-generation extremely large telescopes or improved diffraction suppression techniques to find terrestrial planets in formation within several AU of their host stars.
Solvent Effects on Ionization Potentials of Guanine Runs and Chemically Modified Guanine in Duplex DNA: Effect of Electrostatic Interaction and Its Reduction due to Solvent

We examined the ionization potential (IP) corresponding to the free energy of a hole on duplex DNA by semiempirical molecular orbital theory with a continuum solvent model. As for the contiguous guanines (a guanine run), we found that the IP in the gas phase significantly decreases with the increasing number of nucleotide pairs of the guanine run, whereas the IP in water (OP, oxidation potential) only slightly does. The latter result is consistent with the experimental result for DNA oligomers in water. This decrease in the IP is mainly due to the attractive electrostatic interaction between the hole and a nucleotide pair in the duplex DNA. This interaction is reduced in water, which results in the small decrease in the IP in water. This mechanism explains the discrepancy between the experimental result and the previous computational results obtained by neglecting the solvent. As for the chemically modified guanine, the previous work showed that the removal of some solvent (water) molecules due to the attachment of a neutral functional group to a guanine in a duplex DNA stabilizes the hole on the guanine. One might naively have expected the opposite case, since a polar solvent usually stabilizes ions. This mechanism also explains this unexpected stabilization of a hole as follows. When some water molecules are removed, the attractive electrostatic interaction stabilizing the hole increases, and thus, the hole is stabilized. In order to design the hole energetics by a chemical modification of DNA, this mechanism has to be taken into account and can be used.
Global Static Separation of Duty in Multi-domains

Separation of duty (SoD) is an important control principle in computer security. In the context of role-based access control, the Static SoD (SSoD) policies can be enforced by Statically Mutually Exclusive Roles (SMER) constraints. This paper studies the problem of SSoD in multi-domains in the context of IRBAC model firstly. Then investigates a question related to multi-domains: the Global SSoD (GSSoD) policy in order to satisfy the global requirements. It shows that directly enforce the problem is coNP-complete. Finally, enforcing GSSoD policies by the Global Statically Mutually Exclusive Roles (GSMER) constraints in IRBAC model is given.
Fluorescent antibody localization of myosin in the cytoplasm, cleavage furrow, and mitotic spindle of human cells

We have studied the distribution of myosin molecules in human cells using myosin-specific antibody coupled with fluorescent dyes. Rabbits were immunized with platelet myosin or myosin rod. They produced antisera which precipitated only myosin among all the components in crude platelet extracts. From these antisera we isolated immunoglobulin- G (IgG) and conjugated it with tetramethylrhodamine or fluorescein. We separated IgG with 2-5 fluorochromes per molecule from both under- and over-conjugated IgG by ion exchange chromatography and used it to stain acetone-treated cells. The following controls established the specificity of the staining patterns: (a) staining with labeled preimmune IgG; (b) staining with labeled immune IgG adsorbed with purified myosin; (c) staining with labeled immune IgG mixed with either unlabeled preimmune or immune serum; and (d) staining with labeled antibody purified by affinity chromatography. In blood smears, only the cytoplasm of platelets and leukocytes stained. In spread Enson and HeLa cells, stress fibers stained strongly in closely spaced 0.5 mum spots. The cytoplasm stained uniformly in those cells presumed to be motile before acetone treatment. In dividing HeLa cells there was a high concentration of myosin-specific staining in the vicinity of the contractole ring and in the mitotic spindle, especially the region between the chromosomes and the poles. We detected no staining of erythrocytes, or nuclei of leukocytes and cultured cells, or the surface of platelets and cultured cells.
Language impairment in neurodegenerative disease : a clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging study

16 DECLARATION . 17 COPYRIGHT STATEMENT . 18 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 19 THE AUTHOR . 20 FORMAT OF THESIS . 22 PERSONAL CONTRIBUTIONS AND CONTRIBUTIONS FROM OTHER AUTHORS . 22 CHAPTER 1. GENERAL INTRODUCTION . 23 1.1. OVERVIEW OF THE THESIS . 23 1.2. ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE . 24 1.2.1. Historical perspectives on Alzheimer’s disease 24 1.2. 2. Demographics of Alzheimer’s disease 25 1.2. 3. Clinical features of Alzheimer’s disease 26 1.2. 4. Aetiology of Alzheimer’s disease 29 1.3. FRONTOTEMPORAL LOBAR DEGENERATION. 31 1.3. 1. Historical perspectives on frontotemporal lobar degeneration 31 1.3. 2. Demographics of frontotemporal lobar degeneration 34 1.3. 3. Clinical features of frontotemporal lobar degeneration 35 1.3. 4. Aetiology of frontotemporal lobar degeneration 41 1.3. 5. Genetics of frontotemporal lobar degeneration 42 1.3. 6. Frontotemporal lobar degeneration pathology and genetics 43 1.4. LANGUAGE DISORDERS IN NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE . 45 1.4. 1. Logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia 46 1.5. SUMMARY: ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE AND FRONTOTEMPORAL LOBAR DEGENERATION . 47 CHAPTER 2. ADVANCED NEUROIMAGING IN PROGRESSIVE LANGUAGE DISORDERS . 49 2.1. DIFFUSION WEIGHTED MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING . 49
Towards autonomic workload provisioning for enterprise Grids and clouds

This paper explores autonomic approaches for optimizing provisioning for heterogeneous workloads on enterprise Grids and clouds. Specifically, this paper presents a decentralized, robust online clustering approach that addresses the distributed nature of these environments, and can be used to detect patterns and trends, and use this information to optimize provisioning of virtual (VM) resources. It then presents a model-based approach for estimating application service time using long-term application performance monitoring, to provide feedback about the appropriateness of requested resources as well as the system's ability to meet QoS constraints and SLAs. Specifically for high-performance computing workloads, the use of a quadratic response surface model (QRSM) is justified with respect to traditional models, demonstrating the need for application-specific modeling. The proposed approaches are evaluated using a real computing center workload trace and the results demonstrate both their effectiveness and cost-efficiency.
Inflammatory markers in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and the protective role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors

Background Experimental and clinical studies have shown the importance of inflammation in the pathophysiology of atrial fibrillation (AF). The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) may play an important role in the pathogenesis of AF in correlation with the inflammatory process. RAAS inhibition may have important therapeutic value in limiting AF. The aim of this study was the correlation between inflammatory markers and recurrent episodes of AF in patients with known paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, with and without treatment with RAAS inhibitors. Methods and results We studied 82 patients with paroxysmal AF recorded at “Niculae Stancioiu” Heart Institute Cluj-Napoca, divided into two groups: group A treated with angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) and group B without this medication. All patients underwent clinical examination, ECG, echocardiography and determination of plasma levels of inflammatory markers represented by high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). In the group treated with ACE inhibitors/ARBs, AF burden was significantly lower than in patients without treatment. We obtained a strong positive correlation between blood levels of high-sensitivity CRP and those of IL-6 (r=0.64, p<0.001), the number of yearly AF episodes (r=0.570, p<0.001), LA diameter (r=0.5, p<0.001) and LA volume (r=0.5, p<0.001). We found moderate positive correlations between blood levels of IL-6 and LA diameter (r=0.305, p=0.01), LA volume (r=0.314, p=0.01), the number of yearly AF episodes (r=0.489, p<0.001), the total number of AF episodes (r=0.304, p<0.001), BMI (r=0.473, p<0.001), LA area (r=0.458, p<0.001), LA area index (r=0.334, p=0.007) and LA volume index (r=0.304, p=0.01). The number of yearly AF episodes and BMI values influenced IL-6 blood levels (t=3.46, p=0.001, respectively t=2.17, p=0.03). Conclusions Inflammation is present in patients with AF, with or without treatment with RAAS inhibitors and is correlated with longer duration of AF, left atrial diameter and left atrial volume. ACE inhibitors and ARBs, acting on cardiac substrate and reducing the inflammatory process, may have a therapeutic protective role of decreasing AF burden.
Effects of ram pressure on the gas distribution and star formation in the Large Magellanic Cloud

We use high resolution N-body/SPH simulations to study the hydrodynamical interaction between the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and the hot halo of the Milky Way. We investigate whether ram-pressure acting on the satellite’s ISM can explain the peculiarities observed in the HI distribution and the location of the recent star formation activity. Due to the present nearly edge-on orientation of the disk with respect to the orbital motion, compression at the leading edge can explain the high density region observed in HI at the south-east border. In the case of a face-on disk (according to Mastropietro et al. 2008 the LMC was moving almost face-on before the last perigalactic passage), ram-pressure directed perpendicularly to the disk produces a clumpy structure characterized by voids and high density filaments that resemble those observed by the Parkes HI survey. As a consequence of the very recent edge-on motion, the Hα emission is mainly concentrated on the eastern side where 30 Doradus and most of the supergiant shells are located, although some Hα complexes form a patchy distribution on the entire disk. In this scenario only the youngest stellar complexes show a progression in age along the leading border of the disk.
The effect of a fluorocarbon surfactant on the surface tension of the endodontic irrigant, sodium hypochlorite. A preliminary report.

A fluorochemical surfactant was used to reduce the surface tension of 4 per cent sodium hypochlorite from 70 mN/m to 27 mN/m. The solution was stable for more than one month when tested for reduced surface tension, available chlorine, and protein solvent ability. No chemical residue remained on the root canal wall when viewed using scanning electron microscopy.
Utopia for Realists and How We Can Get There

Whites? ’ (xvi) According to Itagaki, in a post-civil rights, post-industrial and post-Cold War America, where intensely segregated and discriminatory conditions have awkwardly persisted alongside claims that society is ‘post-racial’, the politics of ‘racial civility’ have most often been deployed by whites – both liberals and conservatives, Republicans and Democrats – to defuse, redirect, diminish, denigrate, ignore or exclude altogether legitimate racial critique and protest. She calls this attempt to use the politics of civility to blunt racial grievance ‘civil racism’. Organized around the rhetoric of ‘race neutrality’, ‘colorblindness’ and ‘equal treatment’, civil racism represents a retreat from the promises and commitments of the civil rights era into a neoliberal framework of individual rights. Itagaki explores these themes by looking at a series of ‘cultural eruptions’ (novels, documentary films and a theatrical production) that were created after the 1992 racial disturbance in LA. She uses these works to explore how different people crafted narratives to explain what happened there. In the process, these artists also revealed some of the conflicted expectations and biases around race, class and gender in modern America. According to Itagaki, the ‘writers, playwrights, and filmmakers’ in the book ‘challenge popular representations of the unprecedented interracial violence in their attempts to imagine new ways of achieving a more just world built from the ashes of Los Angeles’ (33). They ‘self-consciously experimented with their art and challenged their audiences’ expectations in order to transform the way we think about racism, inequality, and justice’ (xvii). Civil Racism is broken into two major sections. The first half of the book focuses on discreet groups – Korean-Americans, African Americans and Latinos – and the way ‘racial civility’ is promoted within societal institutions, like the family, schools or the neighbourhood. In the second half of the book, Itagaki focuses on two texts that she argues adopt a ‘multicultural perspective’ and challenge ‘manifestations of civil racism’ by establishing a ‘counter-discourse of civility’ (29). Itagaki uses the epilogue to suggest some of the ways contemporary #BlackLivesMatter activists have continued to marshal ‘counter-discourses of civility’ against civil racism. The book is filled with a number of interesting insights about the intersections of race and civility in the recent past and, I suspect, will appeal to scholarly readers to the degree that they appreciate literary and cultural analysis over traditional historical analysis. For me, the most important and intellectually significant portion of the book is the introduction, which provides a lengthy discussion and critique of the politics of race and civility, broadly. Here, Itagaki offers a lucid and very helpful explication of the politics of civility in the post-civil rights era, as well as a strong racial critique.
Why supervisors make idiosyncratic deals: antecedents and outcomes of i‐deals from a managerial perspective

Purpose – Idiosyncratic deals are personalized employment conditions individual workers have negotiated. This study aims to investigate influences on supervisors' authorization of i‐deals and their evaluation of these arrangements.Design/methodology/approach – Structural modeling was used to analyze survey data from n=263 supervisors managing telecommuting employees in the German public administration.Findings – Supervisors differentiated among i‐deals regarding development, flexibility, and workload reduction. Their authorization of developmental i‐deals was influenced by employee initiative. Supervisors viewed these i‐deals to have positive implications for employee motivation and performance. Flexibility i‐deals were influenced by structural conditions such as the type of work the employee performed. Supervisors viewed these i‐deals to enhance work‐life benefits. Supervisors tended to grant workload reduction i‐deals in the context of unfulfilled organizational obligations towards employees.Research li.
OPTIMISM, SOCIAL SUPPORT AND SELF-EFFICACY AMONG IRANIAN STUDENTS

Iranian students encounter difficulties and challenges during their study in Malaysia. The effects of these challenges increase psychological problems such as stress, anxiety, tension and depression. Obviously, students need to be aware of what can help them to reduce the negative effects of migration on their mental health and what actions to take for better adjustment and academic success. Confidence in the ability to use control over an individual’s behavior, social environment, and motivation can be reflected by self-efficacy, or students’ belief in their own abilities to manage specific conditions. Self-efficacy can play a role in not only how students feel about themselves, but whether or not they successfully achieve their goals and will help to better adjustment. Lack of comprehensive research on self-efficacy and its related factor among Iranian students in Malaysia motivated the researchers to conduct this study. This study examines the relationship between optimism, dimensions of social support, demographic variables and self-efficacy among Iranian students of University Putra Malaysia (UPM). To achieve the aims of the study particular objectives were designed as follows: 1 To investigate significant differences in self-efficacy level across selected demographic variables (gender and marital status) among Iranian students in UPM, 2 To investigate the relationship between optimism, dimensions of social support and self-efficacy among Iranian students in UPM, 3 To investigate the extent to which optimism and dimensions of social support significantly predict the level of selfefficacy among Iranian students in UPM. This study employed a descriptive correlational design. A number of 251 Iranian students from UPM participated in this research. Simple random sampling was used to collect the data. The result of independent sample t-test showed no significant difference in level of self-efficacy across gender and marital status among Iranian students. The results of Pearson Correlation revealed positive correlation between optimism and dimensions of social support (family support, friends support and support from significant others) and self-efficacy. Moreover, the result of linear regression discovered that optimism and friends support were two significant predictors of self-efficacy among Iranian students. The findings of the study provide practical contributions to the field of educational psychology. This study offers valuable information to lecturers, educators, counselors, psychologist about factors which contribute to self-efficacy. Moreover, the result can help authorities develop approaches to improve students’ self-efficacy. The findings also provide social and psychological researchers with some features of personality and behaviors among individuals that need to be probed further.