Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TEACHERS’ PERSPECTIVE ON THE CHALLENGES OF TEACHING ENGLISH FOR SPECIFIC PURPOSES IN INDONESIA

Many studies related to EFL investigate that a mismatch betweenteaching and learning styles cause learning failure, frustration, anddemotivation. The implementation of ESP in Indonesia mostly adoptsContent-Based Instruction which requires a lot of effort from the teacher.The teachers’ perspectives are important to reveal the actual challenges inthe classroom to determine the best solution. A questionnaire wasdistributed to around thirty lecturers of ESP to be analyzed statistically byusing the Likert scale to show their views on the obstacles and challengesof teaching ESP. There are four domains that are analyzed which are,opinions, attitudes, preferences, and perceptions of the subjects. Theresearcher counted and found out the average score, middle point in thescore distribution, point where the most score was obtained, finding theaverage deviation of each score from the mean, and percentage of theproportion of the group population. From all of those calculation results,the researcher derives conclusion by comparing to the result of theinterview as well. It comes to the conclusion that from four fields thathad been studied, attitudes and preferences take the highest rank of theteachers’ challenge.
42 TFlops hierarchical N-body simulations on GPUs with applications in both astrophysics and turbulence

As an entry for the 2009 Gordon Bell price/performance prize, we present the results of two different hierarchical N-body simulations on a cluster of 256 graphics processing units (GPUs). Unlike many previous N-body simulations on GPUs that scale as O(N2), the present method calculates the O(N log N) treecode and O(N) fast multipole method (FMM) on the GPUs with unprecedented efficiency. We demonstrate the performance of our method by choosing one standard application -a gravitational N-body simulation- and one non-standard application -simulation of turbulence using vortex particles. The gravitational simulation using the treecode with 1,608,044,129 particles showed a sustained performance of 42.15 TFlops. The vortex particle simulation of homogeneous isotropic turbulence using the periodic FMM with 16,777,216 particles showed a sustained performance of 20.2 TFlops. The overall cost of the hardware was 228,912 dollars. The maximum corrected performance is 28.1TFlops for the gravitational simulation, which results in a cost performance of 124 MFlops/$. This correction is performed by counting the Flops based on the most efficient CPU algorithm. Any extra Flops that arise from the GPU implementation and parameter differences are not included in the 124 MFlops/$.
Revisiting Jablonski (1993): cladogenesis and range expansion explain latitudinal variation in taxonomic richness

Abstract The increase in diversity towards the equator arises from latitudinal variation in rates of cladogenesis, extinction, immigration and/or emigration of taxa. We tested the relative contribution of all four processes to the latitudinal gradient in 26 marine invertebrate orders with extensive fossil records, examined previously by David Jablonski. Coupling Jablonski's estimates of latitudinal variation in cladogenesis with new data on patterns of extinction and current distributions, we show that the present‐day gradient in diversity is caused by higher rates of cladogenesis and subsequent range expansion (immigration) at lower latitudes. In contrast, extinction and emigration were not important in the creation of the latitudinal gradient in ordinal richness. This work represents one of the first simultaneous tests of the role of all four processes in the creation of the latitudinal gradient in taxonomic richness, and suggests that low tropical extinction rates are not essential to the creation of latitudinal diversity gradients.
Demographic and Lifestyle Characteristics, but Not Apolipoprotein E Genotype, Are Associated with Intelligence among Young Chinese College Students

Background Intelligence is an important human feature that strongly affects many life outcomes, including health, life-span, income, educational and occupational attainments. People at all ages differ in their intelligence but the origins of these differences are much debated. A variety of environmental and genetic factors have been reported to be associated with individual intelligence, yet their nature and contribution to intelligence differences have been controversial. Objective To investigate the contribution of apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, which is associated with the risk for Alzheimer’s disease, as well as demographic and lifestyle characteristics, to the variation in intelligence. Methods A total of 607 Chinese college students aged 18 to 25 years old were included in this prospective observational study. The Chinese revision of Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (the fourth edition, short version) was used to determine the intelligence level of participants. Demographic and lifestyle characteristics data were obtained from self-administered questionnaires. Results No significant association was found between APOE polymorphic alleles and different intelligence quotient (IQ) measures. Interestingly, a portion of demographic and lifestyle characteristics, including age, smoking and sleep quality were significantly associated with different IQ measures. Conclusions Our findings indicate that demographic features and lifestyle characteristics, but not APOE genotype, are associated with intelligence measures among young Chinese college students. Thus, although APOE ε4 allele is a strong genetic risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease, it does not seem to impact intelligence at young ages.
Growth and Competition in the Italian Seafood Chain

The Italian seafood chain is experiencing strong evolutionary pressures. Domestic operators, especially at catch level suffer from weak organisational structures and poor logistics, fragmentation and lack of specialisation. Based on an analysis of the sector's strengths and weaknesses, the authors present three recommendations for bringing about the n ecessary changes. Whereas institutional support and investments are needed, the catalysts of change are found in the system itself and brought about by the operators.
Cinnamomum cassia Bark in Two Herbal Formulas Increases Life Span in Caenorhabditis elegans via Insulin Signaling and Stress Response Pathways

Background Proving the efficacy and corresponding mode of action of herbal supplements is a difficult challenge for evidence-based herbal therapy. A major hurdle is the complexity of herbal preparations, many of which combine multiple herbs, particularly when the combination is assumed to be vitally important to the effectiveness of the herbal therapy. This issue may be addressed through the use of contemporary methodology and validated animal models. Methods and Principal Findings In this study, two commonly used traditional herbal formulas, Shi Quan Da Bu Tang (SQDB) and Huo Luo Xiao Ling Dan (HLXL) were evaluated using a survival assay and oxidative stress biomarkers in a well-established C. elegans model of aging. HLXL is an eleven herb formula modified from a top-selling traditional herbal formula for the treatment of arthritic joint pain. SQDB consists of ten herbs often used for fatigue and energy, particularly in the aged. We demonstrate here that SQDB significantly extend life span in a C. elegans model of aging. Among all individual herbs tested, two herbs Cinnamomum cassia bark (Chinese pharmaceutical name: Cinnamomi Cortex, CIN) and Panax ginseng root (Chinese pharmaceutical name: Ginseng Radix, GS) significantly extended life span in C. elegans. CIN in both SQDB and HLXL formula extended life span via modulation of multiple longevity assurance genes, including genes involved in insulin signaling and stress response pathways. All the life-span-extending herbs (SQDB, CIN and GS) also attenuated levels of H2O2 and enhanced small heat shock protein expression. Furthermore, the life span-extending herbs significantly delayed human amyloid beta (Aβ)-induced toxicity in transgenic C. elegans expressing human Aβ. Conclusion/Significance These results validate an invertebrate model for rapid, systematic evaluation of commonly used Chinese herbal formulations and may provide insight for designing future evidence-based herbal therapy(s).
Performance of a log ( n ) Distributed Mutual Exclusion Algorithm in case of Non-Equiprobability of Processes

RÉSUMÉ. L’algorithme distribué d’exclusion mutuelle de NaimiTréhel est fondé sur une structure dynamique d’arbre enraciné: quand un processusdemande la se ction critique, il envoie une requête qui chemine jusqu’à la racine de l’arbre, puis il devient la nouvell e racine de l’arbre réorganisé. Quand les demandes des processus sont équiprobables, l’algorithme ne req uiert queHn 1 (de l’ordre delogn) messages en moyenne, n étant le nombre de processus en réseau. Cet article étudi e le cas de non-équiprobabilité et montre que le nombre de messages est toujours inférieur à Hn 1. De plus, il propose une relation entre la variance de la distribution des probabilités de requête e t la complexité de l’algorithme.
The cerebellum: a new key structure in the navigation system

Early investigations of cerebellar function focused on motor learning, in particular on eyeblink conditioning and adaptation of the vestibulo-ocular reflex, and led to the general view that cerebellar long-term depression (LTD) at parallel fiber (PF)–Purkinje cell (PC) synapses is the neural correlate of cerebellar motor learning. Thereafter, while the full complexity of cerebellar plasticities was being unraveled, cerebellar involvement in more cognitive tasks—including spatial navigation—was further investigated. However, cerebellar implication in spatial navigation remains a matter of debate because motor deficits frequently associated with cerebellar damage often prevent the dissociation between its role in spatial cognition from its implication in motor function. Here, we review recent findings from behavioral and electrophysiological analyses of cerebellar mutant mouse models, which show that the cerebellum might participate in the construction of hippocampal spatial representation map (i.e., place cells) and thereby in goal-directed navigation. These recent advances in cerebellar research point toward a model in which computation from the cerebellum could be required for spatial representation and would involve the integration of multi-source self-motion information to: (1) transform the reference frame of vestibular signals and (2) distinguish between self- and externally-generated vestibular signals. We eventually present herein anatomical and functional connectivity data supporting a cerebello-hippocampal interaction. Whilst a direct cerebello-hippocampal projection has been suggested, recent investigations rather favor a multi-synaptic pathway involving posterior parietal and retrosplenial cortices, two regions critically involved in spatial navigation.
Electric current and magnetic field geometry in flapping magnetotail current sheets

Using four-point magnetic field measurements by the Cluster spacecraft, we statistically analyze the magnetic field and electric current configurations during rapid cross- ings of the current sheet observed in July-October 2001 at geocentric distances of 19 RE. The database includes 78 crossings, specially selected to apply multi-point data analy- sis techniques to calculate vector derivatives. Observed bipo- lar variations of jz, often with |jz|>jy , indicate that the elec- tric currents follow kinks of the current sheet. The current density varies between 5-25 nA/m 2 . The half-thickness of the current sheet during flapping varies over a wide range, from 1 to 20 ion thermal gyroradii (Lcp, calculated from av- erage temperature and lobe magnetic field for each crossing). We found no relationship between the tilt angle of the cur- rent sheet normal and the half-thickness. In 68 cases the magnetic field curvature vector has a positive (earthward) X-component. Ten cases with a negative (tailward) cur- vature, associated with reconnection, were detected within 0<YGSM<7RE. The minimum curvature radii vary mainly between 1 and 10Lcp, and the adiabaticity parameter 1 for 73% of the events. The electric current density during flapping is often off-central, i.e. the main current density is shifted from the neutral sheet (|Bx|<5 nT) to the Northern or Southern Hemisphere. This is most likely a temporal ef- fect related to the flapping. The analysis shows that the flap- ping motion of the current sheet is associated with kink-like waves on the sheet surface. The kink fronts, tilted in the Y Z plane, moved toward dawn in the morning half and to- ward dusk in the evening half of the magnetotail.
GENDER DIFFERENCES ON ATTITUDES, COMPUTER USE AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AMONG GREEK UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

The aim of this study was to discover any possible relation(s) between the subject of computer, the involvement in physical activity examine and the attitudes of Greek Physical Education students, divided by gender. The sample consisted of 165 freshmen students, 93 males and 72 females. They completed: a) the “Computer Attitude Scale” questionnaire (Selwyn, 1997), and b) the “Planned Behavior Theory” questionnaire (Ajzen & Madden, 1986; Theodorakis, 1994; Theodorakis, et al., 1995). The results indicated gender differences on two factors, “affect” and “perceived usefulness”. No gender differences were indicated on the sample attitudes towards PA.
1 FINITE ELEMENT STUDIES IN THE TWO-WAY OUT-OF-PLANE FAILURE OF UNREINFORCED MASONRY

The paper describes finite element studies of an unreinforced masonry wall panel supported on the bottom and sides, and unsupported on the top, with no vertical surcharge. The analysis is based on a discrete cracking model, termed a block-interface model, using elastic volume elements to model masonry material, and surface contact elements to model mortar joints. After discussing the effects of mesh configuration, the behavior of the model is interpreted in terms of yield line theory, and a modified version of yield line theory is presented, using simplifying assumptions to account for the observed behavior of the finite element model. Comparison of the finite element results with the yield line results shows that the yield line analysis predicts a somewhat lower failure load, but reasonably approximates the pattern of failure. The paper concludes that the computationally intensive block-interface model is primarily useful in developing deeper knowledge of the two-way behavior of unreinforced walls in order to develop more practical methods such as the modified yield line method presented in the paper. 1 Assistant Professor of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Department of Architecture, University of Virginia, Charlottesville VA 22903
Swarms of micro aerial vehicles stabilized under a visual relative localization

A stabilization and control technique developed for steering swarms of unmanned micro aerial vehicles is proposed in this paper. The presented approach based on a visual relative localization of swarm particles is designed for utilization of multi-robot teams in real-world dynamic environments. The core of the swarming behaviour is inspired by Reynold's BOID model proposed for 2D simulations of schooling behaviour of fish. The idea of the simple BOID model, with three simple rules: Separation, Alignment and Cohesion, is extended for swarms of quadrotors in this paper. The proposed solution integrates the swarming behaviour with the relative localization and with a stabilization and control mechanism, which respects fast dynamics of unmanned quadrotors. The proposed method aspires to be an enabling technique for deployment of swarms of micro areal vehicles outside laboratories that are equipped with precise positioning systems. The swarming behaviour as well as the possibility of swarm stabilization with the visual relative localization in the control feedback are verified by simulations and partly by an experiment with quadrotors in this paper.
Expression of the murine small heat shock proteins hsp 25 and alpha B crystallin in the absence of stress

Stress induces the synthesis of several large and small heat shock proteins (hsp's). Two related small hsp's, hsp25 and alpha B crystallin exist in mice. alpha B crystallin is an abundant protein in several tissues even in the absence of stress. Particularly high amounts accumulate in the eye lens. Here we show that hsp25 is likewise constitutively expressed in many normal adult tissues. In the absence of stress the protein is most abundant in the eye lens, heart, stomach, colon, lung, and bladder. The stress-independent expression pattern of the two small hsp's is distinct. In several tissues the amount of hsp25 exceeds that accumulating in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts in response to heat stress. hsp25, like alpha B crystallin, exists in a highly aggregated form in the eye lens. The expression of hsp25 and alpha B crystallin in normal tissues suggests an essential, but distinct function of the two related proteins under standard physiological conditions.
Hostility May Explain the Association between Depressive Mood and Mortality: Evidence from the French GAZEL Cohort Study

Background: Depressive mood is associated with mortality. Because personality has been found to be associated with depression and mortality as well, we aimed to test whether depressive mood could predict mortality when adjusting for several measures of personality. Methods: 20,625 employees of the French national gas and electricity companies gave consent to enter in the GAZEL cohort in 1989. Questionnaires were mailed in 1993 to assess depressive mood, type A behavior pattern, hostility, and the six personality types proposed by Grossarth-Maticek and Eysenck. Vital status and date of death were obtained annually for all participants. The association between psychological variables and mortality was measured by the Relative Index of Inequality (RII) computed through Cox regression. Results: 14,356 members of the GAZEL cohort (10,916 men, mean age: 49 years; 3,965 women, mean age: 46 years) completed the depressive mood scale and at least one personality scale. During a mean follow-up of 14.8 years, 687 participants had died. Depressive mood predicted mortality, even after adjustment for age, sex, education level, body mass index, alcohol consumption, and smoking [RII (95% CI) = 1.56 (1.16–2.11)]. However, this association was dramatically reduced (RII reduction: 78.9%) after further adjustment for cognitive hostility (i.e. hostile thoughts) [RII (95% CI) = 1.12 (0.80–1.57)]. Cognitive hostility was the only personality measure remaining associated with mortality after adjustment for depressive mood [RII (95% CI) = 1.97 (1.39–2.77)]. Conclusions: Cognitive hostility may either confound or mediate the association between depressive mood and mortality.
Self-organized flexible leadership promotes collective intelligence in human groups

Collective intelligence refers to the ability of groups to outperform individual decision-makers. At present, relatively little is known about the mechanisms promoting collective intelligence in natural systems. We here test a novel mechanism generating collective intelligence: self-organization according to information quality. We tested this mechanism by performing simulated predator detection experiments using human groups. By continuously tracking the personal information of all members prior to collective decisions, we found that individuals adjusted their response time during collective decisions to the accuracy of their personal information. When individuals possessed accurate personal information, they decided quickly during collective decisions providing accurate information to the other group members. By contrast, when individuals had inaccurate personal information, they waited longer, allowing them to use social information before making a decision. Individuals deciding late during collective decisions had an increased probability of changing their decision leading to increased collective accuracy. Our results thus show that groups can self-organize according to the information accuracy of their members, thereby promoting collective intelligence. Interestingly, we find that individuals flexibly acted both as leader and as follower depending on the quality of their personal information at any particular point in time.
Undercoverage of the elderly institutionalized population: The risk of biased estimates and the potentials of weighting

In most social surveys, the elderly institutionalized population is not part of the target population because it is considered as hard-to-reach and hard-to-interview. The deliberate exclusion of institutionalized elderly from survey samples might cause bias, like previous studies investigating institutionalized elderly persons and their transition to institutions implied. We use a Monte Carlo simulation based on cross-national samples of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) to test whether the noncoverage and undercoverage of the elderly institutionalized population lead to biased estimates. Moreover, we examined to what extent weights could be used to correct for the underrepresentation of the institutionalized population. Our results show that noncoverage leads to biased estimates in two health-related variables. With respect to undercoverage, the precision of all estimates is better, especially if weights accounting for the hard-to-survey population are applied.
MIMO Multiway Relaying With Pairwise Data Exchange: A Degrees of Freedom Perspective

In this paper, we study achievable degrees of freedom (DoF) of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) multiway relay channel (mRC) where K users, each equipped with M antennas, exchange messages in a pairwise manner via a common N-antenna relay node. A novel and systematic way of joint beamforming design at the users and at the relay is proposed to align signals for efficient implementation of physical-layer network coding (PNC). It is shown that, when the user number K=3, the proposed beamforming design can achieve the DoF capacity of the considered mRC for any (M,N) setups. For the scenarios with K > 3, we show that the proposed signaling scheme can be improved by disabling a portion of relay antennas so as to align signals more efficiently. Our analysis reveals that the obtained achievable DoF is always piecewise linear, and is bounded either by the number of user antennas M or by the number of relay antennas N. Further, we show that the DoF capacity can be achieved for M/N ∈ (0,[(K-1)/(K(K-2))] and M/N ∈ [1/(K(K-1))]+1/2,∞), which provides a broader range of the DoF capacity than the existing results. Asymptotic DoF as K→∞ is also derived based on the proposed signaling scheme.
Cultural Aspects for Technology Acceptance: Asian Perspectives and Research Techniques

This study continues previous research on the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) (Davis, 1986) conducted in Australia (Evers & Day, 1997) by reporting findings from data collected in the Peoples’ Republic of China. This study extends the TAM model by introducing cultural preferences for interface design features. It finds a strong relationship between perceived usefulness and attitude of satisfaction as well as confirming many other relationships between the constructs in the extended TAM model. Secondly, it addresses an important issue in cross-cultural empirical research: the potential impact of administering surveys in respondents’ native languages rather than in the researchers’ own languages and finds that responses of a single culture (Chinese) differ between indigenous Chinese and ex-patriot Chinese.