Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Now That I’m Sad, It’s Hard to Be Mad: The Role of Cognitive Appraisals in Emotional Blunting

People often encounter one emotion-triggering event after another. To examine how an emotion experience affects those that follow, the current article draws on the appraisal-tendency framework and cognitive appraisal theories of emotion. The emotional blunting hypothesis predicts that a specific emotion can carry over to blunt the experience of a subsequent emotion when defined by contrasting appraisal tendencies. Results support the hypothesis: Inducing sadness blunted subsequent anger (Studies 1 and 2), and inducing anger blunted subsequent sadness (Study 2). Situational (human) agency appraisals mediated the effect of anger (sadness) on subsequent sadness (anger) elicitation (Study 2). Priming agency appraisals (Study 3) also moderated results. Finally, the effect of emotional blunting carried over to cognitive outcomes in each of the three studies. Together, the results reveal the importance of examining the sequence of emotional experiences. Implications for emotion and judgment in applied settings (e.g., the courtroom) are discussed.
Yoga for women with hyperkyphosis: results of a pilot study.

The thoracic region of the spine is normally kyphotic, or anteriorly concave. Hyperkyphosis, colloquially called “dowager’s hump,” refers to excessive kyphotic curvature; however, there is no criterion standard, nor are there any outcome-based definitions of the condition. A kyphosis angle ≥ 40°—the 95th percentile value for young adults—is currently used to define hyperkyphosis.1,2 Hyperkyphosis may be associated with physical and emotional limitations3–11 and may have multiple precipitants.4,12–14 Yoga could be an optimal intervention for hyperkyphosis in that it may improve physical and emotional functioning as well as combat some of the underlying muscular and biomechanical causes. We conducted a single-arm, nonmasked intervention trial to assess the effects on anthropometric and physical function of yoga among women with hyperkyphosis.
Design of a voltage reference circuit based on subthreshold and triode MOSFETs in 90nm CMOS

This work presents a new design of a precision voltage reference circuit using MOSFET transistor devices operating in the subthreshold region. Also, a triode region MOSFET has been deployed instead of using resistors. The circuit has been designed and simulated in 90 nm CMOS technology. A reference voltage of 281 mV is obtained with Line Sensitivity, LS, of 0.23% in a supply voltage range of (0.8 V-1.65 V). The Temperature Coefficient, TC, is 125 ppm/°C through a temperature range of (0-85) °C The Power Supply Rejection Ratio (PSRR) is -48 dB at 50 Hz and -26 dB at 1 MHz. Finally, the power consumption is 11.31 μW and the coefficient of process variations is 0.29%. The design has been simulated using Synopsys Custom Designer and HSPICE CAD tools.
Analysis of Transcription Factor mRNAs in Identified Oxytocin and Vasopressin Magnocellular Neurons Isolated by Laser Capture Microdissection

The oxytocin (Oxt) and vasopressin (Avp) magnocellular neurons (MCNs) in the hypothalamus are the only neuronal phenotypes that are present in the supraoptic nucleus (SON), and are characterized by their robust and selective expression of either the Oxt or Avp genes. In this paper, we take advantage of the differential expression of these neuropeptide genes to identify and isolate these two individual phenotypes from the rat SON by laser capture microdissection (LCM), and to analyze the differential expression of several of their transcription factor mRNAs by qRT-PCR. We identify these neuronal phenotypes by stereotaxically injecting recombinant Adeno-Associated Viral (rAAV) vectors which contain cell-type specific Oxt or Avp promoters that drive expression of EGFP selectively in either the Oxt or Avp MCNs into the SON. The fluorescent MCNs are then dissected by LCM using a novel Cap Road Map protocol described in this paper, and the purified MCNs are extracted for their RNAs. qRT-PCR of these RNAs show that some transcription factors (RORA and c-jun) are differentially expressed in the Oxt and Avp MCNs.
Effect of Ginger, Curcumin and Their Mixture on Blood Glucose and Lipids in Diabetic Rats

The present study was conducted to evaluate the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and antioxidant effect of curcumin, ginger and their mixture in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Material and Methods: Male albino rats (n=35) weighing (180-195 g) were divided into two main groups; first group: negative control (n=7) fed standard diet and second group: diabetic rats (n=28), which divided equally to four subgroups as follows: diabetic untreated rats (positive control), diabetic rats treated with curcumin (0.5 % of diet), diabetic rats treated with ginger (3% of diet) and diabetic rats treated with their mixture. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitonial injection of STZ (65 mg/kg body weight). Results: The results reported that the STZ-induced diabetic group exhibited very highly significant (p<0.001) hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, elevated in malondialdehyde (MDA) accompanied with weight loss and reduced in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzyme activities when compared with control negative group. Treatment with curcumin, ginger or their mixture reported very highly significant (p< 0.001) improvement in biological evaluation, glucose, insulin, lipid profile, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzymes activities when compared with untreated diabetic group. Histopathological investigation of liver and pancreatic tissues of diabetic rats represented the presence of sever changes, meanwhile treatment overcome this changes, the majority of the cells tend to be normal, this improvement in the cells may explain the antidiabetic effect of the plants under study especially in their mixture. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that the curcumin and ginger mixture possesses significant reduction in hyperglycemic and hyperlipidemic, as well as antioxidant effect in diabetic rats. Therefore, it recommends using mixture of curcumin and ginger to alleviate the oxidative stress caused by diabetes. Further research is required to find out the exact mechanisms of curcumin and ginger responsible for antidiabetic and antioxidant activities. (Hala A. H. Khattab, Nadia S. Al-Amoudi and Al-Anood A. Al-Faleh. Effect of Ginger, Curcumin and Their Mixture on Blood Glucose and Lipids in Diabetic Rats. Life Sci J 2013;10(4):428-442) (ISSN: 1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com . 56
Political discourse in transition in Europe 1989-1991

1. Acknowledgments 2. Preface 3. Note on Contributors 4. Introduction: Political Discourse and the European Transformation 5. A Chronology of Change (by Ilyin, Mikhail V.) 6. Making Sense of the Cold War's Collapse (by Chilton, Paul) 7. The Pragmatics of Transition (by Mey, Jacob L.) 8. I. The Collapse of Soviet Discourse 9. The Collapse of Empire and Search for Cultural Identity (by Sergeyev, Victor M.) 10. Processes of Political Communication in the USSR (by Pocheptsov, Georgii) 11. The Restructuring of Soviet Political Discourse (by Bourmeyster, Alexandre) 12. II. Political Vocabulary in Transition 13. From Comrades to Consumers: Interpersonal Aspects of the Lexicon (by Minaeva, Ludmila) 14. Breakthrough and Blind Alley: The Lexicon of Perestroika (by Kaul, Marina) 15. Opposition Discourse in Russia: Political Pamphlets 1989-91 (by Borisova, Elena) 16. Justice, Equality and Freedom: The Structure of Value Concepts (by Baranov, Anatolii N.) 17. Continuity and Change: German Discourse after Unification (by Schaffner, Christina) 18. Translating the Transition: What is the Russian for 'Perestroika'? (by Richardson, Kay P.) 19. III. Discourse, Identity and Conflict 20. The Construction of Nation and State: Discourse and Social Space (by Achard, Pierre) 21. Cognitive Dimensions of Identity: Ethnic Stereotypes in Poland (by Kurcz, Idalia) 22. Defining Democracy: Transitional Discourse in Georgia 1990-91 (by Teichmann, Christina) 23. Language and Identity in Bosnia-Herzegovina (by Levinger, Jasna)
gln3 Mutations Dissociate Responses to Nitrogen Limitation (Nitrogen Catabolite Repression) and Rapamycin Inhibition of TorC1*

Background: Gln3 localization is hypothesized to be co-regulated by TorC1 and nitrogen limitation. Results: gln3 mutations abrogating Gln3-Tor1 interaction abolish the Gln3 response to rapamycin without adversely affecting its response to nitrogen limitation. Conclusion: Different Gln3 regions mediate responses to rapamycin and nitrogen limitation. Significance: Controlled Gln3 localization occurs via two separable regulatory pathways, both of which are required for overall WT Gln3 control. The GATA family transcription activator, Gln3 responds to the nitrogen requirements and environmental resources of the cell. When rapidly utilized, “good” nitrogen sources, e.g., glutamine, are plentiful, Gln3 is completely sequestered in the cytoplasm, and the transcription it mediates is minimal. In contrast, during nitrogen-limiting conditions, Gln3 quickly relocates to the nucleus and activates transcription of genes required to scavenge alternative, “poor” nitrogen sources, e.g., proline. This physiological response has been designated nitrogen catabolite repression (NCR). Because rapamycin treatment also elicits nuclear Gln3 localization, TorC1 has been thought to be responsible for NCR-sensitive Gln3 regulation. However, accumulating evidence now suggests that GATA factor regulation may occur by two separate pathways, one TorC1-dependent and the other NCR-sensitive. Therefore, the present experiments were initiated to identify Gln3 amino acid substitutions capable of dissecting the individual contributions of these pathways to overall Gln3 regulation. The rationale was that different regulatory pathways might be expected to operate through distinct Gln3 sensor residues. We found that C-terminal truncations or amino acid substitutions in a 17-amino acid Gln3 peptide with a predicted propensity to fold into an α-helix partially abolished the ability of the cell to sequester Gln3 in the cytoplasm of glutamine-grown cells and eliminated the rapamycin response of Gln3 localization, but did not adversely affect its response to limiting nitrogen. However, overall wild type control of intracellular Gln3 localization requires the contributions of both individual regulatory systems. We also found that Gln3 possesses at least one Tor1-interacting site in addition to the one previously reported.
DROPPING OUT OR DROPPING IN?

Semi-structured interviews were carried out with six individuals who unilaterally discontinued long-term psychoanalytic psychotherapy. Their six therapists were separately interviewed. The twelve interviews were analysed using qualitative methodology. The results suggest that individuals who ‘drop-out’ of therapy could be seen as having ‘dropped-in’ – as part of shopping around for a therapy that suits them or in order to explore a particular therapeutic approach and the extent to which they can tolerate or benefit from it. Most of the therapists felt intensely affected by their patient's decision to leave, and the paper examines how they manage these feelings.
Virgin Coconut Oil Supplementation Prevents Bone Loss in Osteoporosis Rat Model

Oxidative stress and free radicals have been implicated in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Therefore, antioxidant compounds have the potential to be used in the prevention and treatment of the disease. In this study, we investigated the effects of virgin coconut oil (VCO) on bone microarchitecture in a postmenopausal osteoporosis rat model. VCO is a different form of coconut oil as it is rich with antioxidants. Three-month-old female rats were randomly grouped into baseline, sham-operated, ovariectomized control (Ovx), and ovariectomized rats fed with 8% VCO in their diet for six weeks (Ovx+VCO). Bone histomorphometry of the right femora was carried out at the end of the study. Rats supplemented with VCO had a significantly greater bone volume and trabecular number while trabecular separation was lower than the Ovx group. In conclusion, VCO was effective in maintaining bone structure and preventing bone loss in estrogen-deficient rat model.
Multiple Spinal Intradural-Intramedullary Involvement by Metastatic Carcinoma with Neuroendocrine Differentiation with Occult Primary—An Unusual Case Report and Review of Literature

Although vertebral column is recognized as the most common site for bony metastasis in patient with systemic malignancy, intramedullary metastases to the spinal cord is infrequent. Between 5% - 10% of cancer patients develop spinal metastasis during the course of their diseases. Intramedullary tumors are rare, comprising 3.5% of spinal metastasis. Most metastatic spinal lesions (70%) are found at the thoracic level, 20% in lumbar region and 10% in the cervical region. We report a rare biopsy proven case of intramedullary spinal metastatic carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation because of its unusual presentation, involving spine at multiple noncontiguous levels, which appeared as irregular small nodules on MRI. The primary tumor was most likely from occult primary in lung. Biopsy from the spinal lesion established the diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation. Therefore, in patients with spinal metastasis, a thorough work up is advised to evaluate primary site. This would help to delineate the nature and the extent of the systemic disease. We highlighted herein the clinical presentation, radiological findings particularly MRI and role of biopsy in the diagnosis and treatment of intramedullary spinal metastasis.
The use of an adapted version of the Dependency Grid to investigate social support for young people in care

Social support is strongly associated with resilience and positive outcomes in children who have experienced risk and adversity, including children and young people in care. However, research suggests that children in care are often disadvantaged in their ability to benefit from social support due to disrupted relationships and multiple placements. Whilst a number of measures have been developed to assess the support networks of children, few are able to adequately assess and describe the complex network of relationships that exist for young people in care.The aim of this exploratory study was to investigate the use of a Dependency Grid to assess social support in young people who are looked after. The Dependency Grid is an interview technique derived from George Kelly? s (1955) Theory of Personal Constructs and was administered to ten individuals aged 11-17 years who were either in foster care or residential care. Qualitative and quantitative methods of data analysis were used to explore its utility to assess social support with each case. The appropriateness and ease of completing the Dependency Grid was evaluated through participant feedback interviews. The views and opinions of the young people? s social workers and a reference group consisting of social care practitioners were also obtained.The Dependency Grid was found to be a useful tool for examining the support networks of young people in care, with many advantages over existing measures. The Dependency Grid revealed similarities and differences in the way participants distributed their dependencies. Most of the participants had dispersed dependency grids and carers and friends were the most significant providers of support. Levels of social support did not vary with the increasing size of the support network (r = 0.198) and the felt ? closeness? of relationships, as measured using the Four Field Map, was poorly related to the allocation of dependencies (r = -0.243). Some evidence was found in relation to the validity of the Dependency Grid for individual cases using qualitative methods. The strengths and limitations of the Dependency Grid are discussed and the methodological challenges with the study and opportunities for further research are considered.
Quality of interaction in the interaction between the mother - son with social anxiety in children

Introduction: His temperament characteristics of children and the quality and quantity of care that will affect her parenting methods and similarly perverse features of the characteristics of the child and his influence . Method: This study aimed to determine the quality of interaction between parent - child Separation anxiety and generalized anxiety disorder in children between 11 and 12 years old sari was designed for. The sample consisted of 200 girls and 200 boys 11 to 12 years and 400 mothers who had a multi-stage random sampling method and the schools were selected of two sites 1 and 2.To evaluate the relationship between mother and child from the mother's assessment - children with anxiety disorders in children, Robert Roth and a questionnaire Birmaher (with parent and child forms) were used. Using multiple regression analysis. Results: The results showed that the Between more limited support of Gary and mother with social anxiety disorder children , there is a significant positive relationship. Between maternal rejection negatively associated with social anxiety (negative) are significant in. And mothers with their styles of impairment accepted highest averages in acceptance and lowest averages in over indulgence. Conclusion: The findings appear to support styles of interaction over another and predict social anxiety rejection parents of children in the future. Parental indifference and rejection, as well as the support of other parents over their children social anxiety.
Usability evaluation of ontology editors

Ontology editors are software tools that allow the creation and maintenance of ontologies through a graphical user interface. As the semantic web effort grows, a larger community of users for this kind of tool is expected. New users include people not specifically skilled in the use of ontology formalisms. In consequence, the usability of ontology editors can be viewed as a key adoption precondition for semantic web technologies. In this paper, the usability evaluation of several representative ontology editors is described. This evaluation is carried out by combining a heuristic pre-assessment with a subsequent user-testing phase. The target population is comprised of people with no specific ontology-creation skills that have a general knowledge about domain modelling. For this kind of user, current editors are adequate for the creation and maintenance of simple ontologies. Also, there is room for improvement, especially in browsing mechanisms, help systems, and visualization metaphors.
Early metabolic development of posteromedial cortex and thalamus in humans analyzed via in vivo quantitative magnetic resonance spectroscopy

The posteromedial cortex (PMC) including the posterior cingulate, retrosplenial cortex, and medial parietal cortex/precuneus is an epicenter of cortical interactions in a wide spectrum of neural activity. Anatomic connections between PMC and thalamic components have been established in animal studies, but similar studies do not exist for the fetal and neonatal period. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) allows for noninvasive measurement of metabolites in early development. Using single‐voxel 3‐T MRS, healthy term neonates (n = 31, mean postconception age 41.5 weeks ± 3.8 weeks) were compared with control children (n = 23, mean age 9.4 years ± 5.1 years) and young adults (n = 10, mean age 24.1 years ± 2.6 years). LCModel‐based calculations compared metabolites within medial parietal gray matter (colocalizing to the PMC), posterior thalamus, and parietal white matter voxels. Common metabolic changes existed for neuronal−axonal maturation and structural markers in the PMC, thalamus, and parietal white matter with increasing NAA and glutamate and decreasing myoinositol and choline with age. Key differences in creatine and glucose metabolism were noted in the PMC, in contrast to the thalamic and parietal white matter locations, suggesting a unique role of energy metabolism. Significant parallel metabolite developmental changes of multiple other metabolites including aspartate, glutamine, and glutathione with age were present between PMC and parietal white matter but not between PMC and thalamus. These findings offer insight into the metabolic architecture of the interface between structural and functional topology of brain networks. Further investigation unifying metabolic changes with functional and anatomic pathways may further enhance the understanding of the PMC in posterior default mode network development. J. Comp. Neurol. 522:3717–3732, 2014. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
The temporal spotlight of attention : computational and electrophysiological explorations

Abstract The study of attention aims to understand how the visual system focuses its resources on salient targets presented amongst competing distractors. In a continuously changing environment, temporal attention must pick out targets presented in between spatially coincident distractors that are offset in time. Cognitive theories have proposed that this task is mediated by a temporal spotlight of attention. This thesis combines evidence from behaviour and electrophysiology (EEG) with theoretical insights from neural network modelling to investigate the interplay between this spotlight and conscious perception. The experiments described in this thesis investigate the electrophysiology of temporal visual perception using the Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) paradigm. Building upon behavioural research, we use EEG to investigate the influence of target discriminability, the Attentional Blink (AB) and feature integration on the temporal dynamics of visual perception. These findings characterise the influence of pre-attentional processes on attentional deployment, and the subsequent influence of this deployment on perception and behaviour. In addition, they provide the basis for a complementary computational elucidation. The theoretical component of this thesis is based on the ST2 neural network model. The notion of Transient Attentional Enhancement (TAE) embodied therein is the computational equivalent of the temporal spotlight. Its function is evaluated within the ST2 model and in relation to other modelling approaches. In addition, human ERP (Event-Related Potential) data from the experiments are compared with the models equivalent activation traces, termed Virtual ERPs. This combination of theory and experiment broadens our understanding of temporal visual perception, and in conjunction, highlights the role of neural modelling in informing EEG research. xiii