Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Learning-by-Licensing: How Chinese Firms Benefit From Licensing-In Technologies

This paper explores how interfirm variations in their in-licensed technology portfolios influence subsequent innovation performance. Existing studies mainly assume licensed technologies are homogeneously accessible to firms, and a prevailing explanation as to why firms vary in their innovation performance lies in differences of absorptive capacity. In this study, we intend to relax this assumption and use data about 186 Chinese indigenous firms to investigate how differences in in-licensing portfolios lead to different effects on innovation performance. We find that firms benefit from prior in-licensing technologies and the result is related to four dimensions of their licensing portfolios. We find that 1) the scale of firms' technology in-licensing has an inverted-U relationship with their subsequent innovation performance; 2) firms that license-in foreign technologies tend to outperform those that predominantly license-in technologies from domestic sources; 3) the newness of firms' technology in-licensing yields a positive effect on subsequent innovation performance; and 4) a diverse portfolio of licensors from whom technologies are licensed-in has an inverted-U relationship with firms' subsequent technological diversity.
Performance implications of three-mirror Fabry-Perot demultiplexers for 10-Gb/s WDM dispersion-supported transmission with 0.5-nm channel spacing

This letter assesses the performance of dispersion-supported transmission (DST) for three 10-Gb/s WDM channels separated 0.5 nm, using a three-mirror Fabry-Perot demultiplexer. It is shown that the use of three-mirror demultiplexers reduces the crosstalk penalty to less than 1 dB in the region of small linear increase of dispersion penalty of the DST method, while double-cavity Fabry-Perot demultiplexers are less suitable to operate at this channel spacing. Compared with published performance studies for WDM-DST systems with 1 nm of channel spacing, these results indicate the channel spacing may be cut in a half, if a three-mirror filter is used as demultiplexer.
Color and Gloss of Nano-Filled Resin-Modified Glass Ionomers and Resin Composites.

OBJECTIVE The study aims to compare in vitro stain resistance, color stability, gloss, and gloss retention of a nano-filled resin-modified glass ionomers (RMGIs) to a traditional RMGI and resin-based composites (RBCs). MATERIALS AND METHODS Specimens (N = 20) were fabricated from a nano-filled RBC (Filtek Supreme Plus, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA), a nanohybrid RBC (Clearfil Majesty Esthetic, Kuraray; Tokyo, Japan), a nano-filled RMGI (Ketac Nano, 3M ESPE), and traditional RMGI (Fuji II LC, GC America, Chicago, IL, USA). L*a*b* values were recorded with a spectrophotometer, and gloss was measured with a glossmeter. For each material, 10 specimens were stored in distilled water in darkness for 1 week and 10 specimens were placed in a staining solution for 1 week. After storage, specimens were cleaned and L*a*b* and gloss measurements were remeasured. RESULTS Data were analyzed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey analyses. Regarding color change, materials ranked: Ketac = Fuji > Filtek > Clearfil in water, and Ketac > Fuji > Filtek > Clearfil in staining solution. Prior to storage, the initial gloss of the materials ranked: Filtek ≥ Clearfil ≥ Ketac > Fuji. After storage, the materials ranked: Filtek = Clearfil > Ketac > Fuji in water, and Filtek > Clearfil > Ketac > Fuji in staining solution. Gloss retention was similar for all materials in water and gloss retention ranked: Filtek = Clearfil > Ketac = Fuji in staining solution. CONCLUSIONS The nano-RMGI showed less stain resistance but higher gloss than the traditional RMGI. Both RMGIs had more color change, less stain resistance, lower gloss and less gloss retention than the RBCs. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The clinician should be aware that the use of a nano-RMGI may improve the gloss of an RMGI restoration; however, color change will likely occur, particularly if the patient consumes a staining diet.
Efficient algorithm for sparse coding and dictionary learning with applications to face recognition

Abstract. Sparse representation has been successfully applied to pattern recognition problems in recent years. The most common way for producing sparse coding is to use the l1-norm regularization. However, the l1-norm regularization only favors sparsity and does not consider locality. It may select quite different bases for similar samples to favor sparsity, which is disadvantageous to classification. Besides, solving the l1-minimization problem is time consuming, which limits its applications in large-scale problems. We propose an improved algorithm for sparse coding and dictionary learning. This algorithm takes both sparsity and locality into consideration. It selects part of the dictionary columns that are close to the input sample for coding and imposes locality constraint on these selected dictionary columns to obtain discriminative coding for classification. Because an analytic solution of the coding is derived by only using part of the dictionary columns, the proposed algorithm is much faster than the l1-based algorithms for classification. Besides, we also derive an analytic solution for updating the dictionary in the training process. Experiments conducted on five face databases show that the proposed algorithm has better performance than the competing algorithms in terms of accuracy and efficiency.
Comparison of Physical and Physiological Profiles in Elite and Amateur Young Wrestlers

Abstract Demirkan, E, Koz, M, Kutlu, M, and Favre, M. Comparison of physical and physiological profiles in elite and amateur young wrestlers. J Strength Cond Res 29(7): 1876–1883, 2015—The aim of this study is to examine the physical and physiological determinants of wrestling success between elite and amateur male wrestlers. The wrestlers (N = 126) were first assigned to 3 groups based on their competitive level (top elite, elite, and amateur) and then to 6 groups according to their body mass (light, middle, and heavy weight) and their competitive level (elite and amateur). Top elite and elite wrestlers had significantly (p ⩽ 0.05) more training experiences and maximal oxygen uptake compared with the amateur group. In separating weight classes, light- and middle-weight elite (MWE) wrestlers had significantly (p ⩽ 0.05) more training experience (7–20%) compared with the light- and middle-weight amateur (MWA) wrestlers. No significant differences were detected between elite and amateur groups (light-, middle-, and heavy-weight wrestlers) for age, body mass, height, body mass index, and body fat (p > 0.05), with the exception of height for heavy wrestlers. Leg average and peak power values (in watts and watts per kilogram) in MWE were higher than MWA (6.5 and 13%, p ⩽ 0.05). Relative leg average power value in heavy-weight elite (HWE) (in watts per kilogram) was higher than heavy-weight amateur (HWA) (9.6%, p ⩽ 0.05). It was seen that elite wrestlers in MWE and HWE statistically possessed a higher V[Combining Dot Above]O2max (12.5 and 11.4%, respectively) than amateur middle- and heavy-weight wrestlers (p ⩽ 0.05). The results of this study suggest that training experience, aerobic endurance, and anaerobic power and capacity will give a clear advantage for the wrestlers to take part in the elite group.
Long‐term coevolution between avian brood parasites and their hosts

Coevolutionary theory predicts that the most common long‐term outcome of the relationships between brood parasites and their hosts should be coevolutionary cycles based on a dynamic change selecting the currently least‐defended host species, given that when well‐defended hosts are abandoned, hosts will be selected to decrease their defences as these are usually assumed to be costly. This is assumed to be the case also in brood parasite‐host systems. Here I examine the frequency of the three potential long‐term outcomes of brood parasite–host coevolution (coevolutionary cycles, lack of rejection, and successful resistance) in 182 host species. The results of simple exploratory comparisons show that coevolutionary cycles are very scarce while the lack of rejection and successful resistance, which are considered evolutionary enigmas, are much more frequent. I discuss these results considering (i) the importance of different host defences at all stages of the breeding cycle, (ii) the role of phenotypic plasticity in long‐term coevolution, and (iii) the evolutionary history of host selection. I suggest that in purely antagonistic coevolutionary interactions, such as those involving brood parasites and their hosts, that although cycles will exist during an intermediate phase of the interactions, the arms race will end with the extinction of the host or with the host acquiring successful resistance. As evolutionary time passes, this resistance will force brood parasites to use previously less suitable host species. Furthermore, I present a model that represents the long‐term trajectories and outcomes of coevolutionary interactions between brood parasites and their hosts with respect to the evolution of egg‐rejection defence. This model suggests that as an increasing number of species acquire successful resistance, other unparasitized host species become more profitable and their parasitism rate and the costs imposed by brood parasitism at the population level will increase, selecting for the evolution of host defences. This means that although acceptance is adaptive when the parasitism rate and the costs of parasitism are very low, this cannot be considered to represent an evolutionary equilibrium, as conventional theory has done to date, because it is not stable.
Organized colorectal cancer screening programmes: how to optimize efficiency among general practitioners

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is an important public health issue in France, justifying a screening policy adapted to individual risk. The general practitioner (GP) is most commonly the initiator of CRC screening. The EDIFICE 2 survey, carried out in 2008 among 600 GPs, showed that 83% of GPs were convinced of the importance of screening, but that only 30% of GPs systematically recommended the procedure. The main underlying reasons were that only 50% of GPs declared themselves sufficiently trained, GPs needed clear guidelines and information supports for patients and a better implication in the programme's overall organization. This important role was confirmed by patients as the second most important reason for not undergoing screening: the absence of recommendation from their treating physician. The optimization of the screening procedure thus requires a stronger implication of GPs, by confirming their pivotal role in CRC screening and by relying on clear reference documentation guaranteeing quality assurance of a national organized screening programme.
Low-Temperature Properties of Silver

Pure silver is used extensively in the preparation of high-temperature superconductor wires, tapes, films, and other configurations in which the silver not only shields the superconducting material from the surrounding materials, but also provides a degree of flexibility and strain relief, as well as stabilization and low-resistance electrical contact. Silver is relatively expensive, but at this stage of superconductor development, its unique combination of properties seems to offer the only reasonable means of achieving usable lengths of conductor. In this role, the low-temperature physical (electrical, thermal, magnetic, optical) and mechanical properties of the silver all become important. Here we present a collection of properties data extracted from the cryogenic literature and, to the extent possible, selected for reliability.
Ion mobility spectrometry in breath research

The number of publications in the field of breath analysis using different types of ion mobility spectrometers (IMS) has increased over the last few years. In this paper, the publications between 2010 and 2013 are reviewed with respect to different types of IMS such as differential mobility spectrometers, high-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometers and multi-capillary columns coupled to conventional IMS. The analytes detected by IMS and declared with significance to a specific medical question were considered further with respect to medical and analytical questions. In total, 42 different analytes were found to be detected using IMS on a high significance level and were compared to findings using other analytical methods with respect to the individual analyte.
Role of pelvic translation and lower-extremity compensation to maintain gravity line position in spinal deformity.

OBJECT Previous forceplate studies analyzing the impact of sagittal-plane spinal deformity on pelvic parameters have demonstrated the compensatory mechanisms of pelvis translation in addition to rotation. However, the mechanisms recruited for this pelvic rotation were not assessed. This study aims to analyze the relationship between spinopelvic and lower-extremity parameters and clarify the role of pelvic translation. METHODS This is a retrospective study of patients with spinal deformity and full-body EOS images. Patients with only stenosis or low-back pain were excluded. Patients were grouped according to T-1 spinopelvic inclination (T1SPi): sagittal forward (forward, > 0.5°), neutral (-6.3° to 0.5°), or backward (< -6.3°). Pelvic translation was quantified by pelvic shift (sagittal offset between the posterosuperior corner of the sacrum and anterior cortex of the distal tibia), hip extension was measured using the sacrofemoral angle (SFA; the angle formed by the middle of the sacral endplate and the bicoxofemoral axis and the line between the bicoxofemoral axis and the femoral axis), and chin-brow vertical angle (CBVA). Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to compare the parameters and correlation with the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). RESULTS In total, 336 patients (71% female; mean age 57 years; mean body mass index 27 kg/m(2)) had mean T1SPi values of -8.8°, -3.5°, and 5.9° in the backward, neutral, and forward groups, respectively. There were significant differences in the lower-extremity and spinopelvic parameters between T1SPi groups. The backward group had a normal lumbar lordosis (LL), negative SVA and pelvic shift, and the largest hip extension. Forward patients had a small LL and an increased SVA, with a large pelvic shift creating compensatory knee flexion. Significant correlations existed between lower-limb parameter and pelvic shift, pelvic tilt, T-1 pelvic angle, T1SPi, and sagittal vertical axis (0.3 < r < 0.8; p < 0.001). ODI was significantly correlated with knee flexion and pelvic shift. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to describe full-body alignment in a large population of patients with spinal pathologies. Furthermore, patients categorized based on T1SPi were found to have significant differences in the pelvic shift and lower-limb compensatory mechanisms. Correlations between lower-limb angles, pelvic shift, and ODI were identified. These differences in compensatory mechanisms should be considered when evaluating and planning surgical intervention for adult patients with spinal deformity.
The causality of supply relationships : A comparison between the US, Japan and Europe

This study examines the 'logic' or underlying causality of supply relationships. It develops and tests hypotheses, in a LISREL model, on detailed data for 553, 450 and 226 supply relationships in the US, Japanese and European automobile industries. The differences found between the three regions seem small, given the received view that there are fundamental differences between 'Japanese' and 'Western' contracting. However, the differences that remain suggest that in the US perhaps the 'Japanese system' has been surpassed, in a 'third way' that combines the advantages of sufficiently durable relations with the advantages of an open system with great variety. 5001-6182 Business 5546-5548.6 5548.7-5548.85 Office Organization and Management Industrial Psychology Library of Congress Classification (LCC) HD 41 Competition and Cooperation M Business Administration and Business Economics M 10 L 2 Business Administration: general Firm Objectives, Organization and Behaviour Journal of Economic Literature (JEL) L14 Transactional Relationships; Contracts and Reputation 85 A Business General 100B 240 B Organization Theory (general) Information Systems Management European Business Schools Library Group (EBSLG) 260 N 270 K Production planning Joint ventures Gemeenschappelijke Onderwerpsontsluiting (GOO) 85.00 Bedrijfskunde, Organisatiekunde: algemeen 85.05 85.08 Management organisatie: algemeen Organisatiesociologie, organisatiepsychologie Classification GOO 85.10 Strategisch beleid Bedrijfskunde / Bedrijfseconomie Organisatieleer, informatietechnologie, prestatiebeoordeling
Socio-demographic determinants of caregiving in older adults of low- and middle-income countries.

BACKGROUND caregivers make substantial contributions to health and social systems, but many low-resource settings lack reliable data about the determinants and experiences of older adults who are caregivers. OBJECTIVE we identified socio-demographic determinants of caregiving among older adults of low- and middle-income countries, and compared determinants of specific categories of caregiving tasks. SUBJECTS a total of 34,289 adults aged 60 or older from a pooled sample of 48 low- and middle-income countries. METHODS prevalence values for caregiving and categories of caregiving tasks were calculated according to socio-demographic variables, for the overall sample and for each study country. Multivariate analyses assessed associations between caregiving variables and socio-demographic determinants, adjusting for health score and country of residence. RESULTS overall, 15% of older adults provided care, with varying prevalence according to study country. The prevalence of caregiving was significantly higher in women, and among adults aged 60-69, the college educated, the wealthy, those living in a household of two people and urban residents. No prevalence differences were reported for the employment status or health score. The odds of caregiving were greater for women, younger age groups and higher education levels, controlling for confounders. The likelihood of participating in specific categories of caregiving differed by sex, age, marital status, education, employment status and household size, but was not associated with household economic status, area of residence or health score.
Pickler combinators

The tedium of writing pickling and unpickling functions by hand is relieved using a combinator library similar in spirit to the well-known parser combinators. Picklers for primitive types are combined to support tupling, alternation, recursion, and structure sharing. Code is presented in Haskell; an alternative implementation in ML is discussed.
Investigations of the efficacy of diphenylcyclopropenone immunotherapy for the treatment of warts

Diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) immunotherapy has been used to treat warts, particularly in patients, such as children, who cannot endure treatment‐related pain and in patients with large numbers of warts. However, the efficacy of DPCP immunotherapy remains subject to much controversy. Specifically, cure rates and treatment durations have varied across reports, primarily because of the lack of large‐scale studies.
The Influences of Loop Length and Raw Material on Bursting Strength Air Permeability and Physical Characteristics of Single Jersey Knitted Fabrics

This paper reports the effect of loop length and raw material on the air permeability and the bursting strength of plain knitted fabrics. In this study, a series of plain knitted fabrics were produced on a circular knitting machine with cotton, polyester, acrylic and viscose by Ne 30/1 yarns. Each fabric type was produced with four different stitch lengths. All the fabrics were knitted at the same machine setting in order to determine the effect of their structure on the fabric properties. Their geometrical and physical properties were experimentally investigated. The influences of the loop length and the raw material on the number of the courses per cm, number of the wales per cm, loop shape factor, thickness, fabric unit weight, tightness factor, air permeability and bursting strength are analyzed. Statistical analysis indicates that raw material and loop length significantly parameters affect the air permeability and the bursting strength properties of the fabrics.
Substructure-Based Support Vector Machine Classifiers for Prediction of Adverse Effects in Diverse Classes of Drugs

Unforeseen adverse effects exhibited by drugs contribute heavily to late-phase failure and even withdrawal of marketed drugs. Torsade de pointes (TdP) is one such important adverse effect, which causes cardiac arrhythmia and, in some cases, sudden death, making it crucial for potential drugs to be screened for torsadogenicity. The need to tap the power of computational approaches for the prediction of adverse effects such as TdP is increasingly becoming evident. The availability of screening data including those in organized databases greatly facilitates exploration of newer computational approaches. In this paper, we report the development of a prediction method based on a support machine vector algorithm. The method uses a combination of descriptors, encoding both the type of toxicophore as well as the position of the toxicophore in the drug molecule, thus considering both the pharmacophore and the three-dimensional shape information of the molecule. For delineating toxicophores, a novel pattern-recognition method that utilizes substructures within a molecule has been developed. The results obtained using the hybrid approach have been compared with those available in the literature for the same data set. An improvement in prediction accuracy is clearly seen, with the accuracy reaching up to 97% in predicting compounds that can cause TdP and 90% for predicting compounds that do not cause TdP. The generic nature of the method has been demonstrated with four data sets available for carcinogenicity, where prediction accuracies were significantly higher, with a best receiver operating characteristics (ROC) value of 0.81 as against a best ROC value of 0.7 reported in the literature for the same data set. Thus, the method holds promise for wide applicability in toxicity prediction.
A Novel Behavioral Intervention in Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Improves Glycemic Control

Purpose The purpose of this study was to develop and pilot-test an innovative behavioral intervention in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) incorporating structured care of a pet to improve glycemic control. Methods Twenty-eight adolescents with A1C > 8.5% (69 mmol/mol) were randomly assigned to either the intervention group (care of a Betta splendens pet fish) or the control group (usual care). Adolescents in the intervention group were given instructions to associate daily and weekly fish care duties with diabetes self-management tasks, including blood glucose testing and parent-adolescent communication. Results After 3 months, the participants in the intervention group exhibited a statistically significant decrease in A1C level (−0.5%) compared with their peers in the control group, who had an increase in A1C level (0.8%) (P = .04). The younger adolescents (10-13 years of age) demonstrated a greater response to the intervention, which was statistically significant (−1.5% vs 0.6%, P = .04), compared with the older adolescents (14-17 years of age). Conclusions Structured care of a pet fish can improve glycemic control in adolescents with T1DM, likely by providing cues to perform diabetes self-management behaviors.