Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Three-Dimensional Tibiofemoral Kinematics of the Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Deficient and Reconstructed Knee during Walking *

Background It is possible that gait abnormalities may play a role in the pathogenesis of meniscal or chondral injury as well as osteoarthritis of the knee in patients with anterior cruciate ligament deficiency. Hypothesis The three-dimensional kinematics of anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knees are changed even during low-stress activities, such as walking, but can be restored by reconstruction. Study Design Case control study. Methods Using a three-dimensional optoelectronic gait analysis system, we examined 13 patients with anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knees, 21 patients with anterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed knees, and 10 control subjects with uninjured knees during walking. Results Normal patterns of knee flexion-extension, abduction-adduction, and internal-external rotation during the gait cycle were maintained by all subjects. A significant difference in tibial rotation angle during the initial swing phase was found in anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knees compared with reconstructed and control knees. The patients with anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knees rotated the tibia internally during the initial swing phase, whereas the others rotated externally. Conclusions Patients with anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knees experienced repeated episodes of rotational instability during walking, whereas patients with reconstruction experienced tibial rotation that is closer to normal. Clinical Relevance Repeated episodes of knee rotational instability may play a role in the development of pathologic knee conditions.
GLP-1 Receptor Agonists: Nonglycemic Clinical Effects in Weight Loss and Beyond

Glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonists are indicated for treatment of type 2 diabetes since they mimic the actions of native GLP‐1 on pancreatic islet cells, stimulating insulin release, while inhibiting glucagon release, in a glucose‐dependent manner. The observation of weight loss has led to exploration of their potential as antiobesity agents, with liraglutide 3.0 mg day−1 approved for weight management in the US on December 23, 2014, and in the EU on March 23, 2015. This review examines the potential nonglycemic effects of GLP‐1 receptor agonists.
Rank Dependent Preferences and Auctions ⇤

This paper studies independent private value auctions where bidders have rank dependent preferences. We derive equilibrium bidding functions for the first price, second price and all pay auctions. By placing basic assumptions on the probability weighting function, we show that with sufficiently many bidders, the all pay auction yields greater expected revenues than the first or second price auction. This result confirms findings in the experimental literature. Yet, in all three mechanisms, bidders with relatively high valuations disproportionately underweigh their chance of winning the auction via the certainty effect. With sufficiently many bidders, a revenue maximizing auctioneer may better exploit bidders' weighing of outcomes by constructing a carefully structured lottery. We construct a lottery which approaches a revenue upper bound for any individually rational mechanisms fitting a " No-Casino " condition. Auctions that only assign the good to a bidder with the highest valuation do not approach this revenue upper bound. 1 Introduction Models of rank dependent preferences have been popularized for their tractability and descriptive validity. The work of Quiggin (1982) and Tversky and Kahneman (1992) provides both a parsimonious and positive model of decision making under risk. The success of their models can be seen in the varied contexts which they have been applied. Authors have used rank dependent preferences explain phenomenon well as participants at the Yale Microeconomic Theory Lunch Seminar for helpful comments and conversations regarding this project.
Development of an Exhaled Breath Monitoring System with Semiconductive Gas Sensors, a Gas Condenser Unit, and Gas Chromatograph Columns

Various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in breath exhaled by patients with lung cancer, healthy controls, and patients with lung cancer who underwent surgery for resection of cancer were analyzed by gas condenser-equipped gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) for development of an exhaled breath monitoring prototype system involving metal oxide gas sensors, a gas condenser, and gas chromatography columns. The gas condenser-GC/MS analysis identified concentrations of 56 VOCs in the breath exhaled by the test population of 136 volunteers (107 patients with lung cancer and 29 controls), and selected four target VOCs, nonanal, acetoin, acetic acid, and propanoic acid, for use with the condenser, GC, and sensor-type prototype system. The prototype system analyzed exhaled breath samples from 101 volunteers (74 patients with lung cancer and 27 controls). The prototype system exhibited a level of performance similar to that of the gas condenser-GC/MS system for breath analysis.
Circuit model for compact wideband combline resonators using interresonator taps and capacitive loading

In this paper, design of wideband microwave filters in combline configuration using interresonator taps and interdigitally-coupled capacitive loading is described. The design is based on increasing the loading capacitance at the open end of each combline resonator, thus reducing the resonant frequency and hence it is required to reduce the physical length to get the desired frequency. The filter is physically compact and its spurious response is pushed away from the edge of passband. In this work, a simple circuit model comprised only of lumped elements is developed to model the interresonator tapped-in coupling mechanism between symmetric resonators that are capacitively loaded with interdigital capacitors. This circuit model is used to explain the behavior of coupling phenomena and its relation to the physical parameters of coupling section.
Singularities of mean curvature flow and flow with surgeries

We collect in this paper several results on the formation of singularities in the mean curvature flow of hypersurfaces in euclidean space, under various kinds of convexity assumptions. We include some recent estimates for the flow of 2-convex surfaces, i.e. the surfaces where the sum of the two smallest principal curvatures is positive everywhere. Such results enable the construction of a flow with surgeries for these surfaces similar to the one introduced by Hamilton and Perelman for the Ricci flow. The topological applications of the construction are also described.
Polyandry Is a Common Event in Wild Populations of the Tsetse Fly Glossina fuscipes fuscipes and May Impact Population Reduction Measures

Background Glossina fuscipes fuscipes is the main vector of human and animal trypanosomiasis in Africa, particularly in Uganda. Attempts to control/eradicate this species using biological methods require knowledge of its reproductive biology. An important aspect is the number of times a female mates in the wild as this influences the effective population size and may constitute a critical factor in determining the success of control methods. To date, polyandry in G.f. fuscipes has not been investigated in the laboratory or in the wild. Interest in assessing the presence of remating in Ugandan populations is driven by the fact that eradication of this species is at the planning stage in this country. Methodology/Principal Findings Two well established populations, Kabukanga in the West and Buvuma Island in Lake Victoria, were sampled to assess the presence and frequency of female remating. Six informative microsatellite loci were used to estimate the number of matings per female by genotyping sperm preserved in the female spermathecae. The direct count of the minimum number of males that transferred sperm to the spermathecae was compared to Maximum Likelihood and Bayesian probability estimates. The three estimates provided evidence that remating is common in the populations but the frequency is substantially different: 57% in Kabukanga and 33% in Buvuma. Conclusions/Significance The presence of remating, with females maintaining sperm from different mates, may constitute a critical factor in cases of re-infestation of cleared areas and/or of residual populations. Remating may enhance the reproductive potential of re-invading propagules in terms of their effective population size. We suggest that population age structure may influence remating frequency. Considering the seasonal demographic changes that this fly undergoes during the dry and wet seasons, control programmes based on SIT should release large numbers of sterile males, even in residual surviving target populations, in the dry season.
ENERGY-EFFICIENT WINDOW FOR CLASSROOM IN WARM TROPICAL AREA

Shading device, window to wall ratio, window height, and glazing are important factors in determining building energy consumption in the tropics. This study employed the four factors in designing energy-efficient window for classroom to reduce the energy consumption for supplemented lighting and mechanical ventilation. The method was based on Ecotect simulations under some parameters, i.e. heat gains through the building fabrics, illuminance level, and daylight factor. This study concluded that projected clerestory is the most energy-efficient window design. It should be applied on classroom with considering the Window to Wall Ratio, the clerestory height to room height ratio, the window to floor area ratio, and using low visible transmittance of the view window glazing to achieve even horizontal daylight distribution.
Anatomy of a confrontation : the rise of communal politics in India

* Preface * 1. Introduction - Sarvepalli Gopal * 2. A Historical Overview - K.N. Panikkar * 3. How the British Saw the Issue - Sushil Srivastava * 4. Legal Aspects to the Issue - A.G. Noorani * 5. Competing Symbols and Shared Codes: Inter-Community Relations in Modern India - Mushirul Hasan * 6. Myth, History and the Politics of Ramjanmabhumi - Neeladri Bhattacharya * 7. A Historical Perspective on the Story of Rama - Romila Thapar * 8. Colonialism and Communalism - Aditya Mukherjee * 9. Hindu-Muslim Relations Before and After 1947 - Ashgar Ali Engineer * 10. Predatory Commercialization and Communalism in India - Amiya Kumar Bagchi * Notes on the Contributors * Chronology of Events * Appendix * Index
Organizational disempowerment : an opportunity for personal, social and political capacity development.

This thesis addresses the capacity development needs of white-collar employees within large organizations. Common employee problems of violation and diminishment of potential are ignored by mainstream organizational theory and management practice. Because these problems are unarticulated in any formal sense they lack legitimacy in the mainstream discourse. I label such problems, that result from unequal social relations, as problems of "disempowerment". This labelling re-conceptualizes the large organizational context as a political community with an institutionalized capacity to disempower employees, stunt their personal, social and political development, and inhibit any challenge to the existing privileged arrangements. The re-labelling of common employee problems in this way positions the research challenge in the political domain, stimulates the capacity to redefine problematic social relations in creative ways and opens the way for different possibilities and different solutions. An analytical examination of multi-disciplinary scholarship reveals articulation of a common theme that can be viewed as facets of the problem which I identify as one of disempowerment. The main body of the thesis examines these disciplines and collates the literature of concern into a structured argument. The main thrust of the argument is that the alternative debate to mainstream organizational theory and management practice has been marginalized and lacks legitimacy. This situation allows the orthodox view, with its focus on technical problem solving and efficiency, to ignore the more humane aspects of organizational life that demand the socio-political development of employees in order for them to make a meaningful contribution. Although there is a rhetoric of empowerment in organizational development thrusts, these do not address the political challenge of organizational life. The thesis suggests that employees, in collectively picking up the challenge of their own personal, social and political development, can transform organizations into becoming more humane ones that promote capacity development as a common benefit. This initiative would require the institutionalized support of academe in legitimizing and disseminating an alternative debate.
Gem: A New International Macroeconomic Model

Over the past two years, the IMF staff has been developing a new multicountry macroeconomic model called the Global Economy Model (GEM). This paper explains why such a model is needed, how GEM differs from its predecessor model, and how the new features of the model can improve the IMF’s policy analysis. The paper is aimed at a general audience and avoids technical detail. It outlines the motivation, structure, strengths, and limitations of the model; examines three simulation exercises that have been completed; and discusses the future path of GEM.
SIRT1 mRNA Expression May Be Associated With Energy Expenditure and Insulin Sensitivity

OBJECTIVE Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is implicated in the regulation of mitochondrial function, energy metabolism, and insulin sensitivity in rodents. No studies are available in humans to demonstrate that SIRT1 expression in insulin-sensitive tissues is associated with energy expenditure and insulin sensitivity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Energy expenditure (EE), insulin sensitivity, and SIRT1 mRNA adipose tissue expression (n = 81) were measured by indirect calorimetry, hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, and quantitative RT-PCR in 247 nondiabetic offspring of type 2 diabetic patients. RESULTS High EE during the clamp (r = 0.375, P = 2.8 × 10−9) and high ΔEE (EE during the clamp − EE in the fasting state) (r = 0.602, P = 2.5 × 10−24) were associated with high insulin sensitivity. Adipose tissue SIRT1 mRNA expression was significantly associated with EE (r = 0.289, P = 0.010) and with insulin sensitivity (r = 0.334, P = 0.002) during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. Furthermore, SIRT1 mRNA expression correlated significantly with the expression of several genes regulating mitochondrial function and energy metabolism (e.g., peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor γ coactivator-1β, estrogen-related receptor α, nuclear respiratory factor-1, and mitochondrial transcription factor A), and with several genes of the respiratory chain (e.g., including NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] 1α subcomplex 2, cytochrome c, cytochrome c oxidase subunit IV, and ATP synthase). CONCLUSIONS Impaired stimulation of EE by insulin and low SIRT1 expression in insulin-sensitive tissues is likely to reflect impaired regulation of mitochondrial function associated with insulin resistance in humans.
Follow The Sun Software Development: New Perspectives, Conceptual Foundation, and Exploratory Field Study

Follow The Sun (FTS) is a special case of global software development. FTS means that software work is handed off every day from one development site to the next -- many time zones away. The main benefit is reduction in development duration. Surprisingly, unlike the broader trend of offshore outsourcing, FTS is practiced rarely and misunderstood often.In this article we present a foundation for understanding FTS including a definition, a description of its place in the life cycle, and choice of methodologies. We also present the outcomes of a first quasi-experiment designed to test FTS and measure the speed of software work. This quasi-experiment is part of our comprehensive research to explore FTS and its implications.
Relocation and Realignment: How the Great Migration Changed the Face of the Democratic Party

After a history of hostility toward Black people, what motivated the Democratic Party of the 1960s to change its position on civil rights? My dissertation examines one of the most significant developments in American political history—the shift of the U.S. political parties on racial issues. In Relocation and Realignment: How the Great Migration changed the face of the Democratic Party, I argue that increasing competition between the parties for the presidency and the mass movement of Black people out of the South coincided to drive the Democratic Party’s change on racial issues. Through examination of primary sources and a fresh perspective on existing research, I show that the Democratic Party changed their stance in an effort to secure support from Black voters in the North—who often constituted the balance of power (BOP) in important elections. Relocation and Realignment is an important contribution to the study of American politics for its attention to the political impact of the Great Migration and for its focus on Black voters before the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Relocation and Realignment: How the Great Migration Changed the Face of the Democratic Party Keneshia Nicole Grant B.S. Florida A&M University, 2005 M.A.S.S. Florida A&M University, 2006 M.A. Syracuse University, 2009
First Price Auctions in the Asymmetric N Bidder Case

The first price auction is the auction procedure awarding the item to the highest bidder at the price equal to his bid. Much attention has been devoted to the two bidder case or to the symmetric case where the bidders' valuations are identically and independently distributed. We consider the general case where the valuations' distributions may be different. Furthermore, we allow an arbitrary number of bidders as well as mixed strategies. We show that every Bayesian equilibrium is an " essentially " pure equilibrium formed by bid functions whose inverses are solutions of a system of differential equations with boundary conditions. We then prove the existence of a Bayesian equilibrium. We prove the uniqueness of the equilibrium when the valuation distributions have a mass point at the lower extremity of the support. When every bidder's valuation distribution is one of two atomless distributions, we give assumptions under which the equilibrium is unique. The n-tuples of distributions that result from symmetric settings after some bidders have colluded satisfy these assumptions. We establish inequalities between equilibrium strategies when relations of stochastic dominance exist between valuation distributions.
Male Perspectives on Incorporating Men into Antenatal HIV Counseling and Testing

Background Male partner involvement in antenatal voluntary HIV counseling and testing (VCT) has been shown to increase uptake of interventions to reduce the risk of HIV transmission in resource-limited settings. We aimed to identify methods for increasing male involvement in antenatal VCT and determine male correlates of accepting couple counseling in these settings. Methodology/Principal Findings We invited women presenting to a Nairobi antenatal clinic to return with their male partners for individual or couples VCT. Male attitudes towards VCT and correlates of accompanying female partners to antenatal clinic and receiving couple counseling were determined. Of 1,993 women who invited their partner, 313 (16%) returned with their partners to ANC. Men attending antenatal clinic were married (>99%), employed (98%), and unlikely to report prior HIV testing (14%). Wanting an HIV test (87%) or health information (11%) were the most commonly cited reasons for attending. Most (95%) men who came to antenatal clinic accepted HIV testing and 39% elected to receive counseling as a couple. Men who received counseling with partners were younger, had fewer children, and were less knowledgeable about prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) than those who received counseling individually (p<0.05). Only 27% of men stated they would prefer HIV testing at a site other than the ANC. There was agreement between male and female reports for sociodemographic characteristics; however, men were more likely to report HIV preventive behaviors and health communication within the partnership than their partners (p<0.05). Conclusions/Significance Offering VCT services to men at antenatal clinic with options for couple and individual counseling is an important opportunity and acceptable strategy for increasing male involvement in PMTCT and promoting male HIV testing.
Weekly docetaxel and capecitabine is not effective in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer: a phase II study.

BACKGROUND Capecitabine and docetaxel have demonstrated preclinical antitumor synergy and activity in advanced gastric cancer. We assessed the clinical activity and the toxicity of weekly docetaxel in combination with capecitabine in untreated patients with advanced gastric cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS A total of 38 patients were treated with docetaxel 36 mg/m2 on days 1, 8, and 15 i.v. , plus capecitabine, 625 mg/m2 bid per os on days 5 to 18 repeated every 4 weeks. RESULTS All patients were assessable for response to treatment and for toxicity. Major responses were observed in eight patients (21%), with three patients achieving a CR (7.8%) and five showing a PR (13%). The median time to progression was 5.4 months and the overall survival was 7.7 months. The safety profile of this schedule was acceptable with a low rate of myelossuppression, diarrhoea and hand-foot syndrome. CONCLUSIONS The combination of docetaxel and capecitabine at the doses and schedule investigated in this study is safe, but does not show significant activity in untreated patients with advanced gastric cancer.
Convergence With A Twist: East Asian Welfare Capitalism In Comparative Perspective

This chapter deals exclusively with social policy arrangements found in the region, and it restricts itself to the five presently most advanced exemplars of East Asian welfare capitalism, i.e. Japan and the four ? tigers. The main function of Singapore? s Central Provident Fund (CPF), which is a compulsory savings scheme for employees, is to set aside a limited amount of money that can be drawn upon after retirement. Gilbert (2002) has argued that the (Western) welfare state is undergoing a transformation that goes beyond mere adjustments, because it changes its very nature. Health care and education are two fields in which East Asia can teach continental Europe important lessons. Without a good education, people are increasingly marginalised in the labour market, and this is true especially of highwage economies, because in such economies many unskilled or lowskilled workers become virtually unemployable. Keywords: East Asian welfare capitalism; education; Europe; Gilbert; health care; Japan; labour market; Singapore; welfare state
Delay-dependent robust resilient guaranteed cost control for uncertain singular time-delay systems

In this paper, the delay-dependent robust resilient guaranteed cost control for singular time-delay systems with norm-bounded parametric uncertainty is investigated. First, based on the delay-dependent stability criterion for the nominal singular time-delay system, a sufficient condition of the existence of the robust resilient guaranteed cost controller is established. Then the problem of robust resilient guaranteed cost control is solved via a resilient controller with respect to additive and multiplicative controller gain variations, which guarantees that the closed-loop system is regular, impulse free and asymptotically stable for all admissible uncertainties, and satisfies a cost bound. The explicit expression for the desired robust resilient guaranteed cost controller is designed by using the LMIs and the cone complementarity linearization iterative algorithm.