Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cancer of the esophagus: histopathological sub-types in northern Uganda.

BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer is the eighth most common cause of cancer death worldwide with squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma carcinoma as the main histopathological subtypes. Esophageal cancer is known for its marked variation by geographic region, ethnicity, and gender. Hitherto, the histopathological subtype of this cancer in Northern Uganda were not known. Therefore the aim of the study was to describe the characteristics of esophageal cancer with respect to the histopathologic subtypes, different sites of occurrence, age and gender in this region since its distribution varies with location. METHODS The study was carried out at Lacor Hospital, in northern part of Uganda. The record of 71 patients who had endoscopic and histopathological diagnosis of cancer of esophagus over a period of 3 years between January 2009 and December 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS A total of 140 patients had endoscopic diagnosis of cancer of the esophagus and of these, 71 patients had both endoscopic and histopathological diagnosis of cancer of esophagus during the three-year period covered in the study between January 2009 to December 2011. The female to male ratio was 1:3 with mean age of 55.5 years ± SD 11.8. The common histopathological pattern of cancer of esophagus was squamous cell carcinoma of esophageal consisting of 66 patients (93.o%). The ratio of squamous cell carcinoma to adenocarcinoma was 13:1.The majority of the esophageal cancers were found in the middle third with 38 patients (53.52%), followed by lower third with 27 patients (38.0%) and the upper third which was only 6 patients (8.5%). CONCLUSSIONS Squamous cell carcinoma is the most common histopathological subtype in this geographical location with overall cancer of the esophagus mainly affecting the lower 2/3 of the esophagus with the majority in the middle third.
Linking personality states, current social roles and major life goals

Employing an experience‐sampling design, the interplay between personality states, social roles and major life goals was examined as it unfolds in the stream of people's daily lives. Multilevel analyses revealed a considerable amount of both within‐ and between‐person variability in state expressions of personality traits justifying further examination of predictors at both levels of analyses. Roles proved as predictors of current personality states albeit effects differed significantly between individuals. Life goals accounted for between‐person differences in average personality states but were not effective in predicting differences in relations between personality states and roles. Altogether, findings testify to the viability of the employed research strategy to analyse the interplay between both dispositional and fluctuating influences on individuals' trait expressions in behaviour. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gamma heavy chain disease lacks the MYD88 L265p mutation associated with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma

Gamma heavy chain disease (gHCD) is defined by an abnormally truncated IgG heavy chain monoclonal protein that lacks associated light chains and is secreted by a small B-cell neoplasm with plasmacytic differentiation. [1][1],[2][2] Clinically, gHCD is associated with a female predominance and a high
14-3-3 Proteins Are Part of an Abscisic Acid–VIVIPAROUS1 (VP1) Response Complex in the Em Promoter and Interact with VP1 and EmBP1

Protein–DNA complexes were formed when nuclear extracts from embryogenic rice suspension cultures or maize embryos were incubated with an abscisic acid–VIVIPAROUS1 (VP1) response element (Em1a) from the Em promoter. Monoclonal antibodies generated to GF14, a 14-3-3 protein from plants, resulted in gel retardation of the Em1a–protein complexes. Antibodies generated to the C and N termini of GF14 detected protein isoforms in rice nuclear and cytoplasmic extracts, but no differences in distribution of the GF14 isoforms were recognized between the nucleus and cytoplasm or when abscisic acid–treated and untreated tissues were compared. When recombinant GF14 fusion proteins from rice were added to nuclear extracts, novel complexes were formed that required the dimerization domain of GF14. Chemical cross-linking showed that GF-14 interacted with the basic leucine zipper factor EmBP1, which binds specifically to Em1a, and with VP1, which transactivates Em through Em1a. GF14 proteins from rice were shown to interact with VP1 in yeast through the dimerization domain of GF14. Our results indicated that GF14 interacts with both site-specific DNA binding proteins (i.e., EmBP1) and tissue-specific regulatory factors (i.e., VP1) and may provide a structural link between VP1 and the Em1a transcriptional complex.
Feasible, Rigorous, and Relevant

Peers become increasingly influential in children’s development during late childhood and early adolescence. A large body of research has documented children’s proclivity for forming friendships with peers who share similar attributes to themselves, a phenomenon termed homophily. Researchers have used multiple procedures to operationalize homophily. However, a measure of homophily that accounts for the diversity of children in classrooms has yet to be validated in elementary and middle school settings. Using social network data collected from a racially diverse sample of 553 elementary and middle school students (53 classrooms; 7 schools), this study aims to validate a measure of friendship homophily that accounts for differential opportunity structures in classroom contexts. Using race and gender as grouping attributes, we find evidence for the reliability, as well as the convergent and predictive validity, of the friendship homophily measure. Implications for researchers and educators are discussed.
The Rumen Ciliate Epidinium in Primary Degradation of Plant Tissues

Pieces of lucerne stem suspended in a sheep rumen in nylon bags were removed after different time intervals and examined by scanning electron microscopy. By 15 min large numbers of the ciliate protozoan Epidinium Crawley were attached to damaged areas of the stem, although a complex protozoal fauna was present in the rumen contents. Highest concentrations were on cortex and phloem tissues, with densely packed protozoa forming a complete ring around the transversely cut end of the stem between the epidermis and the vascular cylinder. Within 2 h there was extensive degradation of thin-walled tissues, as indicated by the amount of exposed vascular cylinder. Epidermis was not degraded but slid down the side of the stem as the underlying tissues were removed. This rapid degradation of plant tissue is explained by direct ingestion of tissues by the protozoa on the plant fragments. Many of the epidinia attached to the stem pieces were ingesting phloem elements and chlorophyllous tissue. The rumen protozoa have not previously been shown to participate on this scale in the physical degradation of plant material.
The Fusion Rate of Calcium Sulfate With Local Autograft Bone Compared With Autologous Iliac Bone Graft for Instrumented Short-Segment Spinal Fusion

Study Design. A prospective study. Objectives. To compare the efficacy of calcium sulfate pellets plus laminectomy bone chips with a fresh autologous iliac bone graft for short-segment lumbar fusion. Summary of Background Data. Bone graft substitute material can be used to expand an existing quantity of available laminectomy bone chips. Methods. Seventy-four patients underwent surgery for instrumented one- or two-segment fusion with decompression. Autologous iliac crest bone graft was placed in one posterolateral gutter, while on the other side, an equal quantity of autogenous laminectomy bone supplemented with calcium sulfate was placed. Radiographic assessment included radiographs alone; this was performed every 3 months (3 months to 12 months), then annually. The status of fusion and the relative size of the fusion bone mass on either side of the vertebra were compared. Results. Using iliac crest bone graft (control side) versus autograft laminectomy bone with calcium sulfate (test side), there was no significant difference between the fusion rate and sizes of the fusion bone mass (P > 0.05). Follow-up periods ranged from 30 months to 34 months, averaging 32.5 months. For the 39 patients who received single-segment fusion, 34 patients (87.2%) exhibited bone fusion on the test side, and 35 patients (89.7%) had evidence of fusion on the control side. For the 35 patients who received two-segment fusion, 29 patients (82.9%) exhibited bone fusion on the test side and 30 patients (85.7%) demonstrated complete fusion on the control side. Conclusions. The fusion rate and fusion size between the two groups are similar. Calcium sulfate pellets may play a role as a bone graft extender in short-segment spinal fusion.
Perspective on the Chlorine Controversy 5 Don Mackay Human Health Effects Research : 13 Priorities and Issues

Various groups, including the International Joint Commission, have advocated a policy “to sunset the use of chlorine and chlorine containing compounds as industrial feedstocks. ” Other groups, including the chemical industry oppose this policy. The roots of the resulting controversy are first examined. Aspects of the environmental chemistry and toxicology of chlorine compounds, especially the organochlorines, are then discussed. It is shown that in addition to being a powerful and valuable oxidant, chlorine tends to confer stability and hydrophobicity on organic molecules, properties which are valuable commercially but can be troublesome environmentally. Recent judgements on this issue by various scientific groups are reviewed. A personal perspective is presented to the effect that mistakes have been made in the past, that chlorine and chlorine containing chemicals require special consideration, but that the reasoning behind the concept of a “chlorine ban” is fundamen-
“Why Won't You Speak to Me in Gaelic?” Authenticity, Integration, and the Heritage Language Learning Project

The last speakers of an endangered language often include many individuals who have acquired less than full productive proficiency in the language, language users Nancy Dorian (1977) called semi-speakers. When these individuals enter formal education and seek to learn or relearn their endangered heritage language, they are often frustrated by challenges to their authenticity as legitimate language users and by difficulties in effecting integration into local language networks. This study investigates the unique language-learning task faced by heritage learners of an endangered language, Scottish Gaelic, and shows how this task differs significantly from the task of learning and using a foreign language. I will argue that the results of this study have important implications for pedagogical practice and curriculum development for the teaching of endangered languages, particularly where language learning is understood, at least in part, as a strategy for language revitalization.
Acculturation and Latino Family Processes: How Cultural Involvement, Biculturalism, and Acculturation Gaps Influence Family Dynamics*

This study investigated how adolescent and parent acculturation (culture-of-origin and U.S. cultural involvement, biculturalism, acculturation conflicts, and parent-adolescent acculturation gaps) influenced family dynamics (family cohesion, adaptability, familism, and parent-adolescent conflict) in a sample of 402 Latino families from North Carolina and Arizona. Multiple regression and hierarchical linear models suggested that culture-of-origin involvement and biculturalism were cultural assets related to positive outcomes, whereas acculturation conflict was inversely related to positive family dynamics and positively related to parent-adolescent conflict. Parent-adolescent acculturation gaps were inversely associated with family cohesion, adaptability, and familism but were unrelated to parent-adolescent conflict. Limitations and implications for practice are discussed.
A COMPREHENSIVE VIEW OF A STRONGLY LENSED PLANCK-ASSOCIATED SUBMILLIMETER GALAXY

We present high-resolution maps of stars, dust, and molecular gas in a strongly lensed submillimeter galaxy (SMG) at z = 3.259. HATLAS J114637.9−001132 is selected from the Herschel-Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS) as a strong lens candidate mainly based on its unusually high 500 μm flux density (∼300 mJy). It is the only high-redshift Planck detection in the 130 deg2 H-ATLAS Phase-I area. Keck Adaptive Optics images reveal a quadruply imaged galaxy in the K band while the Submillimeter Array and the Jansky Very Large Array show doubly imaged 880 μm and CO(1→0) sources, indicating differentiated distributions of the various components in the galaxy. In the source plane, the stars reside in three major kpc-scale clumps extended over ∼1.6 kpc, the dust in a compact (∼1 kpc) region ∼3 kpc north of the stars, and the cold molecular gas in an extended (∼7 kpc) disk ∼5 kpc northeast of the stars. The emissions from the stars, dust, and gas are magnified by ∼17, ∼8, and ∼7 times, respectively, by four lensing galaxies at z ∼ 1. Intrinsically, the lensed galaxy is a warm (Tdust ∼ 40–65 K), hyper-luminous (LIR ∼ 1.7 × 1013 L☉; star formation rate (SFR) ∼2000 M☉ yr−1), gas-rich (Mgas/Mbaryon ∼ 70%), young (Mstellar/SFR ∼ 20 Myr), and short-lived (Mgas/SFR ∼ 40 Myr) starburst. With physical properties similar to unlensed z > 2 SMGs, HATLAS J114637.9−001132 offers a detailed view of a typical SMG through a powerful cosmic microscope.
Epsilon‐aminocaproic Acid for Treatment of Fibrinolysis during Liver Transplantation

In 97 adult patients receiving liver transplants, the coagulation system was monitored by thrombelastography and by coagulation profile including PT; aPTT; platelet count; level of factors I, II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, and XII; fibrin degradation products; ethanol gel test; protamine gel test; and euglobulin lysis time. Preoperatively, fibrinolysis defined as a whole blood clot lysis index of less than 80% was present in 29 patients (29.9%), and a euglobulin lysis time of less than 1 h was present in 13 patients. Fibrinolysis increased progressively during surgery in 80 patients (82.5%) and was most severe on reperfusion of the graft liver in 33 patients (34%). When whole blood clot lysis (F < 180 min) was observed during reperfusion of the graft liver, blood coagulability was tested by thrombelastography using both a blood sample treated in vitro with &epsis;-aminocaproic acid (0.09%) and an untreated sample. Blood treated with &epsis;-aminocaproic acid showed improved coagulation without fibrinolytic activity in all 74 tests. When whole blood clot lysis time was less than 120 min, generalized oozing occurred, and the effectiveness of &epsis;-aminocaproic acid was demonstrated in vitro during the pre-anhepatic and post-anhepatic stages, &epsis;-aminocaproic acid (1 g, single intravenous dose) was administered. In all 20 patients treated with &epsis;-aminocaproic acid, fibrinolytic activity disappeared; whole blood clot lysis was not seen on thrombelastography during a 5-h observation period, and whole blood clot lysis index improved from 28.5 ± 29.5% to 94.8 ± 7.4% (mean ± SD, P < 0.001). None of the treated patients had hemorrhagic or thrombotic complications. In patients undergoing liver transplantation, the judicious use of a small dose of &epsis;-aminocaproic acid, when its efficacy was confirmed in vitro, effectively treated the severe fibrinolysis without clinical thrombotic complications.
Relationships between body dissatisfaction and physical measurements.

Relationships among components of the Body Dissatisfaction (BD) subscale, Body Mass Index (BMl), and relevant anthropometric measurements, including waist and hip circumference and abdominal skinfold were examined in 127 freshman and sophomore women. With one exception, Spearman's rank order correlations between questions on the BD subscale and anthropometric measurements of body parts were all significant at p <. 05. These correlations were strongest between BD components and their anatomic referents. When corrected for body fatness, only the relationship between lower trunk and relevant questions from the BD subscale remained significant. In an ANCOVAR design, with hip circumference as the independent variable, BMl as the adjusted covariate, and dissatisfaction with hip size as the dependent variable, main effects were highly significant (F = 11.7, p <.001).
Measurement of Corporate Social Action

The contribution of this work is a classification of corporate social action underlying the Social Ratings Data compiled by Kinder Lydenburg Domini Analytics, Inc. We compare extant typologies of corporate social action to the results of our exploratory factor analysis. Our findings indicate four distinct latent constructs that bear resemblance to concepts discussed in prior literature. Akey finding of our research is that positive and negative social action are both empirically and conceptually distinct constructs and should not be combined in future research. Additionally, we recommend that some prior research results be reconsidered to determine whether these newly derived measures might clarify some previous findings.
An alternative approach to speech act research in the study abroad context

This research aims to contribute to a description of the breadth of opportunities for L2 contact and pragmatic development offered by the Canadian study abroad (SA) context by taking an alternative approach to speech act research. This study reports on the frequency and range of L2 speech acts and events as described by SA students in interaction logs completed with their mobile phones. Nine undergraduate SA students completed structured electronic surveys (n = 801) regarding their English oral interactions over ten-day period. The participants, from various disciplines, proficiencies and L1 backgrounds, were attending an English-speaking university in Montreal as part of a one- or two-semester academic exchange. Participants completed the two-three minute online survey each time they interacted orally in English, describing the content of each interaction, the interlocutors involved, and the location in addition to rating its difficulty. Results showed frequent exchanges on cultural issues with other international students and a low percentage of native interaction, suggesting that SA students have the opportunity to perform a range of speech acts and events but do so within their own peer community. Implications for the describing pragmatic development in SA speech act research are discussed.
Pyramid-based Image Enhancement of Fingerprints

Reliable feature extraction is crucial for accurate biometric recognition. Unfortunately feature extraction is hampered by noisy input data, especially so in case of fingerprints. We propose a method to enhance the quality of a given fingerprint with the purpose to improve the recognition performance. A Laplacian like image-scale pyramid is used for this purpose to decompose the original fingerprint into 3 smaller images corresponding to different frequency bands. In a further step, contextual filtering is performed using these pyramid levels and 1D Gaussians, where the corresponding filtering directions are derived from the frequency-adapted structure tensor. All image processing is done in the spatial domain, avoiding block artifacts while conserving the biometric signal well. We report on comparative results and present quantitative improvements, by applying the standardized NIST FIS2 fingerprint matcher to the FVC2004 fingerprint database along with our as well as two other enhancements. The study confirms that the suggested enhancement robustifies feature detection, e.g. minutiae, which in turn improves the recognition (20% relative improvement in equal error rate on DB3 of FVC2004).
A Coralline Algal-Associated Bacterium, Pseudoalteromonas Strain J010, Yields Five New Korormicins and a Bromopyrrole

The ethanol extract of Pseudoalteromonas strain J010, isolated from the surface of the crustose coralline alga Neogoniolithon fosliei, yielded thirteen natural products. These included a new bromopyrrole, 4′-((3,4,5-tribromo-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methyl)phenol (1) and five new korormicins G–K (2–6). Also isolated was the known inducer of coral larval metamorphosis, tetrabromopyrrole (TBP), five known korormicins (A–E, previously named 1, 1a–c and 3) and bromoalterochromide A (BAC-A). Structures of the new compounds were elucidated through interpretation of spectra obtained after extensive NMR and MS investigations and comparison with literature values. The antibacterial, antifungal and antiprotozoal potential of 1–6, TBP and BAC-A was assessed. Compounds 1–6 showed antibacterial activity while BAC-A exhibited antiprotozoal properties against Tetrahymena pyriformis. TBP was found to have broad-spectrum activity against all bacteria, the protozoan and the fungus Candida albicans.
Characteristics Associated with Fear of Falling in Hong Kong Chinese Elderly Residing in Care and Attention Homes

Abstract Recent studies have revealed that fear of falling is common amongst older adults, especially those who are living in nursing homes, and that it occurs both in those who have experienced a fall and those who have not. Moreover, fear of falling has a deleterious effect on physical and psychological well-being among the aged population. The objective of this study was to identify characteristics associated with fear of falling among Hong Kong Chinese older adults residing in care and attention homes. One hundred elderly residents were interviewed using a face-to-face format. Based on bivariate analysis, fear of falling was found to be significantly associated with self-rated health, sight, orthopedic injury, chronic illness, neurological disease, balance, number of falls in the preceding six months, sustaining an injury during the most recent fall, and level of activity. Multiple regression analyses showed that age, sight, history of fall-related injury, and level of activity were correlates of fear of falling. These findings confirm that effective interventions to reduce fear of falling must be multi-dimensional in approach.
Effect of acute volume overload on the magnitude of T-wave alternans.

To the Editor : I read with great interest the contribution by Narayan et al. ([1][1]) on the effect of acute volume loading on the magnitude of the T-wave alternans (TWA) in five dogs without structural heart disease. The authors showed that the acute saline infusion led to a rise of pulmonary
Beyond Team Types and Taxonomies: A Dimensional Scaling Conceptualization for Team Description

Research on teams has prompted the development of many alternative taxonomies but little consensus on how to differentiate team types. We show that there is greater consensus on the underlying dimensions differentiating teams than there is on how to use those dimensions to generate categorical team types. We leverage this literature to create a conceptual framework for differentiating teams that relies on a dimensional scaling approach with three underlying constructs: skill differentiation, authority differentiation, and temporal stability.