Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Selenate and selenite sorption on iron oxides : An infrared and electrophoretic study

The authors studied selenate and selenite sorption by amorphous Fe oxide [am-Fe(OH){sub 3}] and goethite ({alpha}-feOOH) as a function of time, pH, ionic strength, and total Se concentration. They examined sorbed selenate and selenite by in situ attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform (DRIFT) spectroscopy, and electrophoresis to deduce sorption mechanisms. Sorption of both selenate and selenite reached equilibrium in <25 min and the sorption isotherm was not reversible. Increasing ionic strength decreased selenate sorption but did not affect selenite sorption. The presence of either selenate or selenite lowered the electrophoretic mobility (EM) and decreased the point of zero charge (PZC) of both sorbents, suggesting inner-sphere complexation for both selenate and selenite species. Both in situ ATR-FTIR and DRIFT difference spectra showed bidentate complexes of selenate with am-Fe(OH){sub 3}. The structure of selenite complexes in am-Fe(OH){sub 3}-solution interface was uncertain due to insensitivity of the in situ ATR-FTIR technique. The DRIFT spectra of selenite on am-Fe(OH){sub 3} showed {nu}{sub 3} splitting as evidence of complexation. The DRIFT spectra of selenite on goethite showed bridging bidentate complex of selenite. The authors conclude that the influence of ionic strength on Se sorption cannot be usedmore » as a criterion for distinguishing outer- vs. inner-sphere complex formation. « less
Thermal physiology of Amazonian lizards (Reptilia: Squamata)

We summarize thermal-biology data of 69 species of Amazonian lizards, including mode of thermoregulation and field-active body temperatures (Tb). We also provide new data on preferred temperatures (Tpref), voluntary and thermal-tolerance ranges, and thermal-performance curves (TPC’s) for 27 species from nine sites in the Brazilian Amazonia. We tested for phylogenetic signal and pairwise correlations among thermal traits. We found that species generally categorized as thermoregulators have the highest mean values for all thermal traits, and broader ranges for Tb, critical thermal maximum (CTmax) and optimal (Topt) temperatures. Species generally categorized as thermoconformers have large ranges for Tpref, critical thermal minimum (CTmin), and minimum voluntary (VTmin) temperatures for performance. Despite these differences, our results show that all thermal characteristics overlap between both groups and suggest that Amazonian lizards do not fit into discrete thermoregulatory categories. The traits are all correlated, with the exceptions of (1) Topt, which does not correlate with CTmax, and (2) CTmin, and correlates only with Topt. Weak phylogenetic signals for Tb, Tpref and VTmin indicate that these characters may be shaped by local environmental conditions and influenced by phylogeny. We found that open-habitat species perform well under present environmental conditions, without experiencing detectable thermal stress from high environmental temperatures induced in lab experiments. For forest-dwelling lizards, we expect warming trends in Amazonia to induce thermal stress, as temperatures surpass the thermal tolerances for these species.
Feasibility and effects of a combined adjuvant high-intensity interval/strength training in breast cancer patients: a single-center pilot study

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate feasibility of an exercise intervention consisting of high-intensity interval endurance and strength training in breast cancer patients. Methods: Twenty-six women with nonmetastatic breast cancer were consecutively assigned to the exercise intervention- (n= 15, mean age 51.9 ± 9.8 years) and the control group (n = 11, mean age 56.9 ± 7.0 years). Cardiopulmonary exercise testing that included lactate sampling, one-repetition maximum tests and a HADS-D questionnaire were used to monitor patients both before and after a supervised six weeks period of either combined high-intensity interval endurance and strength training (intervention group, twice a week) or leisure training (control group). Results: Contrarily to the control group, endurance (mean change of VO2, peak 12.0 ± 13.0%) and strength performance (mean change of cumulative load 25.9 ± 11.2%) and quality of life increased in the intervention group. No training-related adverse events were observed. Conclusions: Our guided exercise intervention could be used effectively for initiation and improvement of performance capacity and quality of life in breast cancer patients in a relatively short time. This might be especially attractive during medical treatment. Long-term effects have to be evaluated in randomized controlled studies also with a longer follow-up. Implications for Rehabilitation High-intensity interval training allows improvement of aerobic capacity within a comparable short time. Standard leisure training in breast cancer patients is rather suitable for the maintenance of performance capacity and quality of life. Guided high-intensity interval training combined with strength training can be used effectively for the improvement of endurance and strength capacity and also quality of life. After exclusion of contraindications, guided adjuvant high-intensity interval training combined with strength training can be safely used in breast cancer patients
Distinct pattern of P3a event-related potential in borderline personality disorder

P3a and P3b event-related brain potentials to auditory stimuli were recorded for 17 unmedicated patients with borderline personality disorder, 17 matched healthy controls and 100 healthy control participants spanning five decades. Using high-resolution fragmentary decomposition for single-trial event-related potential analysis, distinctive disturbances in P3a in borderline personality disorder patients were found: abnormally enhanced amplitude, failure to habituate and a loss of temporal locking with P3b. Normative age dependencies from 100 controls suggest that natural age-related decline in P3a amplitude is reduced in borderline personality disorder patients and is likely to indicate failure of frontal maturation. On the basis of the theories of Hughlings Jackson, this conceptualization of borderline personality disorder is consistent with an aetiological model of borderline personality disorder.
Immunologic and Clinical Responses to Rituximab in a Child With Opsoclonus-Myoclonus Syndrome

Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome (OMS) is an autoimmune disorder with serious neurodevelopmental morbidity and limited treatment options. We treated a toddler with moderately severe OMS with rituximab, a monoclonal anti-B cell antibody. The patient's clinical response was documented on videotape and scored with the OMS Evaluation Scale. Cerebrospinal fluid lymphocyte subsets were evaluated by flow-cytometric immunophenotyping, with a comprehensive panel of monoclonal antibodies. Eradication of cerebrospinal fluid B cells, which previously were expanded, was associated with dramatic clinical improvement. There also were secondary changes in other lymphocyte subsets that might be relevant to the clinical response and lack of serious infections. In addition to clarifying the immune response to B-cell depletion, these data reveal a promising new therapy for OMS that warrants a phase I clinical trial.
High temperature flow stress behavior of as-extruded 7075 aluminum alloy and neural network constitutive model

The flow stress behavior of the as-extruded 7075 aluminum alloy was studied through single-pass compression experiment by using Gleeble 1500D simulator within a temperature range of 250-450 ℃ and a strain rate range of 0.01-10 s-1.The results indicate that the flow stress curves show the characteristics of dynamic recovery when the temperature is no higher than 350 ℃. Above 350 ℃,the dynamic recrystallization occurs in local zone.Compared with the as-cast 7075 alloy,the peak stress and steady stress of the as-extruded 7075 alloy are larger,and the dynamic softening is prone to occur at high temperature.The constitutive relationship model of the as-extruded 7075 alloy was constructed based on BP neural network.The global error is less than 5.35%,while the fitting degree is 2.48%. It is evident that the model can be used to describe the flow stress behavior of the 7075 alloy at high temperature,and can be used for analysis and finite element simulation of 7075 alloy in hot working process.
Euglena gracilis Rhodoquinone:Ubiquinone Ratio and Mitochondrial Proteome Differ under Aerobic and Anaerobic Conditions*

Euglena gracilis cells grown under aerobic and anaerobic conditions were compared for their whole cell rhodoquinone and ubiquinone content and for major protein spots contained in isolated mitochondria as assayed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry sequencing. Anaerobically grown cells had higher rhodoquinone levels than aerobically grown cells in agreement with earlier findings indicating the need for fumarate reductase activity in anaerobic wax ester fermentation in Euglena. Microsequencing revealed components of complex III and complex IV of the respiratory chain and the E1β subunit of pyruvate dehydrogenase to be present in mitochondria of aerobically grown cells but lacking in mitochondria from anaerobically grown cells. No proteins were identified as specific to mitochondria from anaerobically grown cells. cDNAs for the E1α, E2, and E3 subunits of mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase were cloned and shown to be differentially expressed under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Their expression patterns differed from that of mitochondrial pyruvate:NADP+ oxidoreductase, the N-terminal domain of which is pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase, an enzyme otherwise typical of hydrogenosomes, hydrogen-producing forms of mitochondria found among anaerobic protists. The Euglena mitochondrion is thus a long sought intermediate that unites biochemical properties of aerobic and anaerobic mitochondria and hydrogenosomes because it contains both pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase and rhodoquinone typical of hydrogenosomes and anaerobic mitochondria as well as pyruvate dehydrogenase and ubiquinone typical of aerobic mitochondria. Our data show that under aerobic conditions Euglena mitochondria are prepared for anaerobic function and furthermore suggest that the ancestor of mitochondria was a facultative anaerobe, segments of whose physiology have been preserved in the Euglena lineage.
Preliminary evaluation of graphite in the FMIT test cell

A design for the Test Cell of the Fusion Materials Irradiation Test facility includes composite steel-graphite cooling/shielding panels. A graphite damage fluence of about 3.2 x 10/sup 20//cm/sup 2/ at about 80/sup 0/C can be expected over 20 years of operation. This review defines the potential problem areas (stored energy and dimensional changes) and recommends approaches to avoid or alleviate those problems. It is concluded that the design is viable and that no insurmountable problems are likely to be encountered.
Landscape Management of Fire and Grazing Regimes Alters the Fine-Scale Habitat Utilisation by Feral Cats

Intensification of fires and grazing by large herbivores has caused population declines in small vertebrates in many ecosystems worldwide. Impacts are rarely direct, and usually appear driven via indirect pathways, such as changes to predator-prey dynamics. Fire events and grazing may improve habitat and/or hunting success for the predators of small mammals, however, such impacts have not been documented. To test for such an interaction, we investigated fine-scale habitat selection by feral cats in relation to fire, grazing and small-mammal abundance. Our study was conducted in north-western Australia, where small mammal populations are sensitive to changes in fire and grazing management. We deployed GPS collars on 32 cats in landscapes with contrasting fire and grazing treatments. Fine-scale habitat selection was determined using discrete choice modelling of cat movements. We found that cats selected areas with open grass cover, including heavily-grazed areas. They strongly selected for areas recently burnt by intense fires, but only in habitats that typically support high abundance of small mammals. Intense fires and grazing by introduced herbivores created conditions that are favoured by cats, probably because their hunting success is improved. This mechanism could explain why, in northern Australia, impacts of feral cats on small mammals might have increased. Our results suggest the impact of feral cats could be reduced in most ecosystems by maximising grass cover, minimising the incidence of intense fires, and reducing grazing by large herbivores.
ACFS: a completely fair scheduler for asymmetric single-isa multicore systems

Single-ISA (instruction set architecture) asymmetric multicore processors (AMPs) were shown to deliver higher performance per watt and area than symmetric CMPs (Chip Multi-Processors) for applications with diverse architectural requirements. A large body of work has demonstrated that this potential of AMP systems can be realizable via OS scheduling. Yet, existing schedulers that seek to deliver fairness on AMPs do not ensure that equal-priority applications experience the same slowdown when sharing the system. Moreover, most of these schemes are also subject to high throughput degradation and fail to effectively deal with user priorities. In this work we propose ACFS, an asymmetry-aware completely fair scheduler that seeks to optimize fairness while ensuring acceptable throughput. Our evaluation on real AMP hardware, and using scheduler implementations on a general-purpose OS, demonstrates that ACFS achieves an average 11% fairness improvement over state-of-the-art schemes, while providing better system throughput.
Use of hormone replacement therapy improves the prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer: A population‐based study in Sweden

The association between hormone therapy (estrogen, with or without progesterone) and colorectal cancer (CRC) has received considerable scientific interest but previous research has generated inconsistent results. We aimed to examine whether post‐diagnostic use of hormone therapy might protect against CRC mortality and all‐cause mortality. Women diagnosed with CRC between January 2007 and December 2012 were identified from the Swedish Cancer Registry and linked to the Swedish Prescribed Drug Register to retrieve hormone therapy users after CRC diagnosis. A total of 1,109 patients were diagnosed with CRC and used hormone therapy post‐CRC diagnosis. Time‐dependent Cox regression with 1‐year lag was used to calculate the hazard ratio (HR) of CRC mortality and all‐cause mortality associated with post‐diagnostic use of hormone therapy. Use of hormone therapy after CRC diagnosis was associated with a 26% risk reduction in CRC mortality (HR = 0.67, 95%CI 0.56–0.79) and a 30% risk reduction in all‐cause mortality (HR = 0.68, 95%CI 0.59–0.77). The risk reduction was even stronger if women also used hormone therapy before the diagnosis of CRC and for women with higher cumulative doses of hormone therapy. The risk reduction was largely consistent irrespective of CRC severity. Our data suggests that use of hormone therapy after CRC diagnosis is associated with a decreased risk of cancer‐related mortality and all‐cause mortality.
Experimental investigation into the multiscale behaviour of asphalt concrete

Multiscale modelling is an increasingly popular technique for understanding the mechanisms affecting the performance of asphalt concrete. Significant efforts have been made in computational modelling techniques; however, relatively little experimental data have been gathered on the effect of volumetric composition on the material behaviour, and no published data have been found assessing the sensitivity of computational models to these effects. It is believed that the overall importance of identifying and utilising the material with proper characteristics in these computational models has been largely overlooked. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the findings of an extensive experimental programme to identify the sensitivity of the dynamic shear modulus to changes in material composition. Tests were performed on four different material scales (asphalt binder to asphalt mixture). It is found that these materials can be very sensitive to changes in the volumetric composition, particularly in the case of asphalt mastics.
Development of a New USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map for the United States

AbstractIn many regions of the world, the extremes of winter cold are a major determinant of the geographic distribution of perennial plant species and of their successful cultivation. In the United States, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) Plant Hardiness Zone Map (PHZM) is the primary reference for defining geospatial patterns of extreme winter cold for the horticulture and nursery industries, home gardeners, agrometeorologists, and plant scientists. This paper describes the approaches followed for updating the USDA PHZM, the last version of which was published in 1990. The new PHZM depicts 1976–2005 mean annual extreme minimum temperature, in 2.8°C (5°F) half zones, for the conterminous United States, Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico. Station data were interpolated to a grid with the Parameter-Elevation Regressions on Independent Slopes Model (PRISM) climate-mapping system. PRISM accounts for the effects of elevation, terrain-induced airmass blockage, coastal effects, temperature inversions, and.
Modeling and optimization of lipid accumulation by Yarrowia lipolytica from glucose under nitrogen depletion conditions

Oleaginous yeasts have been seen as a feasible alternative to produce the precursors of biodiesel due to their capacity to accumulate lipids as triacylglycerol having profiles with high content of unsaturated fatty acids. The yeast Yarrowia lipolytica is a promising microorganism that can produce lipids under nitrogen depletion conditions and excess of the carbon source. However, under these conditions, this yeast also produces citric acid (overflow metabolism) decreasing lipid productivity. This work presents two mathematical models for lipid production by Y. lipolytica from glucose. The first model is based on Monod and inhibition kinetics, and the second one is based on the Droop quota model approach, which is extended to yeast. The two models showed good agreements with the experimental data used for calibration and validation. The quota based model presented a better description of the dynamics of nitrogen and glucose dynamics leading to a good management of N/C ratio which makes this model interesting for control purposes. Then, quota model was used to evaluate, by means of simulation, a scenario for optimizing lipid productivity and lipid content. For that, a control strategy was designed by approximating the flow rates of glucose and nitrogen with piecewise linear functions. Simulation results achieved productivity of 0.95 g L−1 hr−1 and lipid content fraction of 0.23 g g−1, which indicates that this strategy is a promising alternative for the optimization of lipid production.
Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) and International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD) 2018 guidelines for the management of patients with bipolar disorder

The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) previously published treatment guidelines for bipolar disorder in 2005, along with international commentaries and subsequent updates in 2007, 2009, and 2013. The last two updates were published in collaboration with the International Society for Bipolar Disorders (ISBD). These 2018 CANMAT and ISBD Bipolar Treatment Guidelines represent the significant advances in the field since the last full edition was published in 2005, including updates to diagnosis and management as well as new research into pharmacological and psychological treatments. These advances have been translated into clear and easy to use recommendations for first, second, and third‐ line treatments, with consideration given to levels of evidence for efficacy, clinical support based on experience, and consensus ratings of safety, tolerability, and treatment‐emergent switch risk. New to these guidelines, hierarchical rankings were created for first and second‐ line treatments recommended for acute mania, acute depression, and maintenance treatment in bipolar I disorder. Created by considering the impact of each treatment across all phases of illness, this hierarchy will further assist clinicians in making evidence‐based treatment decisions. Lithium, quetiapine, divalproex, asenapine, aripiprazole, paliperidone, risperidone, and cariprazine alone or in combination are recommended as first‐line treatments for acute mania. First‐line options for bipolar I depression include quetiapine, lurasidone plus lithium or divalproex, lithium, lamotrigine, lurasidone, or adjunctive lamotrigine. While medications that have been shown to be effective for the acute phase should generally be continued for the maintenance phase in bipolar I disorder, there are some exceptions (such as with antidepressants); and available data suggest that lithium, quetiapine, divalproex, lamotrigine, asenapine, and aripiprazole monotherapy or combination treatments should be considered first‐line for those initiating or switching treatment during the maintenance phase. In addition to addressing issues in bipolar I disorder, these guidelines also provide an overview of, and recommendations for, clinical management of bipolar II disorder, as well as advice on specific populations, such as women at various stages of the reproductive cycle, children and adolescents, and older adults. There are also discussions on the impact of specific psychiatric and medical comorbidities such as substance use, anxiety, and metabolic disorders. Finally, an overview of issues related to safety and monitoring is provided. The CANMAT and ISBD groups hope that these guidelines become a valuable tool for practitioners across the globe.
Afraid To Be A Nerd: Effects of Nerd Stereotypes on Women’s Math Performance

The purpose of this research was to examine whether nerd stigma affects math performance. Specifically, it was hypothesized that women exposed to the nerd stigma would perform worse on a mathematics test than women not exposed to the nerd stigma. The current study also aimed to compare the effects of the nerd stigma on women’s math performance with the effects of gender stereotype threat. Gender identity, nerd identity, and fear of social exclusion were examined as possible mediating and moderating variables. Results did not support that nerd stigma affected math performance in either men or women, thus mediational analyses were not warranted. Mixed results were found for the moderator analyses. Results showed that nerd identity moderated the effect of the nerd stigma in women, unexpectedly suggesting that women high in nerd identity performed worse on the math test when exposed to the nerd stigma condition. The results also showed a stereotype boost effect for men, such that men performed better on the math exam under the gender stereotype condition. The results found in this study provide a better understanding of the relationship between nerd stigma and its effect on women’s math performance. The implication of these results is that nerd stigma effects may help to explain the gender gap in math performance and further research is warranted. INDEX WORDS: Nerd, stigma, stereotype threat