Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social Cognitive Predictors of Exercise Intentions Among Substance Users in Recovery

The present study examined the social-cognitive predictors of exercise intention among substance abusers in recovery. An extended version of the theory of planned behavior was used, accounting for past exercise behavior and self-esteem. Members of self-help groups in Melbourne, Australia (N = 201) completed an anonymous questionnaire. Hierarchical regression, multiple mediation, and moderation analysis were used. The findings showed that attitudes and perceived behavioral control were the strongest predictors of exercise intentions, and mediated the effects of past behavior and self-esteem. Psychological interventions to promote exercise among substance abusers should target attitudinal beliefs and build self-control skills.
Frequency of gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

The purpose of this study is to assess the severity and frequency of gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and to evaluate some factors that are thought to be associated with Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD). The study was a cross-sectional study on individuals aged 18 years and over who applied to outpatient clinics in the Department of Family Medicine and Internal Medicine, Eski? ehir Osmangazi University Medical Faculty Hospital between 1 January and 31 July 2016. In the study, information from 436 individuals using face-to-face interviews and laboratory values (fasting blood sugar and HbA1C) of individuals within the last three months was recorded on questionnaire forms. In the study, the National Institutes of Health Promis Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Scale was used in the evaluation of GERD. The data were analyzed in the IBM SPSS (version 20.0) statistical package program. Chi-square test and logistic regression Backward: Wald method was used for variables. The statistical significance was accepted as p ≤ 0.05. Among the patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), 134 patients (68.0%) had gastroesophageal reflux disease. 105 diabetic patients (53.3%) had obesity, 146 diabetic patients (74.1%) had high HbA1C levels and 84 diabetic patients (42.6%) had wider waist circumference. The most common treatment modalities for individuals with DM in the study group were oral antidiabetic treatment with a ratio of 65.5% (n=129). The most common gastroesophageal reflux disease severity in the DM group was the most symptomatic (67.2%). The purpose of this study is to investigate the incidence, frequency, and severity of gastroesophageal reflux disease in patients with Type 2 DM using the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Patient- Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS®) Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) Scale. Thus helping early diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal complications that may occur in association with Type 2 DM.
Measurement of Racial Stereotype Subtyping

This study examined characteristics associated with the global racial category "Blacks" and with several subtypes of the racial category: "streetwise, `"ghetto," "welfare," "athlete, "and "businessman. " Subjects were provided with one label and were asked to generate chtaracteristics commonly associated with it. Subjects' responses were submitted to discriminant function analysis, which provides information concerning the relation of characteristics listed by subjects to dimensions that explain the variance in subjects' responses and provides measures of the degree of overlap among the subtypes. The analysis revealed three dimensions: a negative/positive dimension, an athletic dimension, and a unique characteristic dimension. There were many classification errors for the "streetwise," "welfare," and "ghetto" subtypes but few classification errors for the "businessman " and "athlete " subtypes. The global stereotype, with its partial overlap with many of the subtypes, produced a moderate number of classification errors. Discriminant function analysis as a tool for studying subtyping is discussed.
CAPTA Referrals for Infants and Toddlers

In 2003, Congress amended the Child Abuse Protection and Treatment Act (CAPTA) to require that all child victims of substantiated abuse or neglect under the age of 3 years be assessed for developmental concerns. To date, there has been little study of CAPTA’s implementation in Part C early intervention programs. The Professional Interventionist CAPTA Survey (PICS) was developed to assess perceptions of Part C providers related to serving children and families referred from child welfare. The PICS provides a measure of providers’ perceptions of the CAPTA mandate. Initial results of the PICS suggest that it holds promise for future implementation research and program assessment for Part C early childhood intervention related to CAPTA.
ING-GER-LAND AT EURO 2000

Incidents involving England's football fans at the Euro 2000 championship were widely portrayed as full-scale riots that brought disgrace upon the nation. Yet there is evidence that this portrayal does not accurately represent these incidents, and that little actual violence took place. This article identifies the tactics of the Belgian police, the threat from UEFA to expel England from the tournament and the reputation of the English fans as violent supporters, as factors leading to the exaggeration of these incidents. However, it also discusses a culture among a significant element of England's travelling support, reinforced by elements of English national culture generally, that leads to a propensity to join in with the aggressive behaviour of the small minority of hardened hooligans without wishing to get involved in any actual physical violence. In addressing these issues, a range of explanations for football hooliganism is reviewed, and the work of Marsh et al. is found particularly useful in providing insights in this case. In conclusion, football hooliganism is identified as a heterogeneous phenomenon and, consequently, the potential of each of the theoretical approaches to provide insights in relation to the particular settings in which such approaches were developed is recognized.
Differences in the Utilization of Glycerol and Glucose by Mycobacterium phlei

A basic difference was found in the kinetics of uptake and utilization of glucose and glycerol by washed suspensions of Mycobacterium phlei. With glucose, the rates of uptake, respiration, and assimilation were saturated at low external substrate concentration. With glycerol, these rates were found to increase with increasing substrate concentration and did not show saturation at any concentration tested. Qualitatively similar patterns were observed for cells grown on either glycerol or glucose. Above a saturation concentration, ratios of cell 14C to CO214C for uniformly labeled 14C-glucose were constant at a value of 0.96. Glycerol-U-14C, on the other hand, yielded cell-14C/CO2-14C ratios which were highest at the lowest glycerol concentration tested, and decreased with increasing substrate concentration. The distribution of the glucose and glycerol carbons assimilated into M. phlei were qualitatively similar. Quantitatively, however, the uptake and assimilation of glycerol was far more rapid than that of glucose for all substrate concentrations employed. These quantitative differences in the utilization of glycerol and glucose could account for the increased content of nonessential lipid and polysaccharide found in glycerol-grown M. phlei.
A formal multi-agent language for cooperative autonomous driving scenarios

This paper addresses the problem of coordinating autonomous cars to provide higher safety standards in public road traffic with limited computational resources. We present a modelling language that allows formal program verification to guarantee correctness. We apply the multi-agent coordination language ALICA that has originally been developed for the robotic football domain. To show the practical applicability and efficiency for the autonomous driving domain, we applied ALICA to two autonomous car driving scenarios. Thus, we demonstrate the benefits of using a conceptually sound methodology for the coordination of autonomous cars.
Dissociation and Compulsive Eating

ABSTRACT Numerous investigators have noted a correlation between compulsive eating patterns and dissociative symptoms, but there is no systematic explanation for how these two phenomena interact. It is not uncommon for patients with compulsive eating patterns to experience previously dissociated memories of abuse and trauma, but there are no generally accepted interventions that address both the eating disorder and the traumatic experience. Furthermore, there are no commonly accepted guidelines for assessing trauma and dissociative symptoms in the many patients with intractable compulsive eating symptoms who may initially present with no traumatic history. This article presents theoretical formulations, a review of relevant research, and a model that suggests a causal relationship between dissociation and compulsive eating. Guidelines for assessment and intervention are proposed. The theoretical constructs in this paper are based on hunger-based symptom assessment and a feminist interpretation of object r.
Convergent contemporary software peer review practices

Software peer review is practiced on a diverse set of software projects that have drastically different settings, cultures, incentive systems, and time pressures. In an effort to characterize and understand these differences we examine two Google-led projects, Android and Chromium OS, three Microsoft projects, Bing, Office, and MS SQL, and projects internal to AMD. We contrast our findings with data taken from traditional software inspection conducted on a Lucent project and from open source software peer review on six projects, including Apache, Linux, and KDE. Our measures of interest include the review interval, the number of developers involved in review, and proxy measures for the number of defects found during review. We find that despite differences among projects, many of the characteristics of the review process have independently converged to similar values which we think indicate general principles of code review practice. We also introduce a measure of the degree to which knowledge is shared during review. This is an aspect of review practice that has traditionally only had experiential support. Our knowledge sharing measure shows that conducting peer review increases the number of distinct files a developer knows about by 66% to 150% depending on the project. This paper is one of the first studies of contemporary review in software firms and the most diverse study of peer review to date.
Using images to promote reflection: an action research study in Zambia and Tanzania

This paper focuses on the use of images to promote reflection and analysis of inclusive practices. The image-based work was set in the context of a two-year action research study, which took place in Tanzania and Zambia, 2001–2003, in collaboration with researchers from the Enabling Education Network (EENET), based at the University of Manchester's School of Education. This study, entitled, ‘Understanding Community Initiatives to Improve Access to Education’ involved the use of a wide range of processes to promote reflection, analysis and documentation, including a range of different types of images. We reflect here on the learning, which took place among the researchers in all three countries in using images as a basis for reflection on inclusive education.
Solving economic dispatch with valve point loading effects by using optimization techniques

The economic dispatch problem with valve point loading effects may cause a small change in the objective function formulation. Due to valve point loading effects mechanism, complexity will come into picture and some other additionalities will include. Hence, we use strong optimization techniques to determine the minimum fuel cost for generation. The proposed optimization technique is based on a hybrid shuffled differential evolution (SDE) algorithm which combines the benefits of shuffled frog leaping algorithm and differential evolution to give optimal solution. The SDE algorithm integrates a novel differential mutation operator specifically designed to effectively address the problem under study. In order to validate the proposed methodology, detailed simulation results obtained on two standard test systems are presented and discussed. A comparative analysis with other settled nature-inspired solution algorithms demonstrates the superior performance of the proposed methodology in terms of both solution accuracy and convergence and performances.
THE PECULIAR GLOBULAR CLUSTER SYSTEM OF THE S0 GALAXY NGC 7457

We present Hubble Space Telescope photometry and Keck spectroscopy of globular clusters (GCs) in the nearby S0 galaxy NGC 7457. The V − I color–magnitude diagram of GCs lacks the clear bimodality present in most early-type galaxies; there may be a significant population of intermediate-color objects. Of 13 spectroscopically observed GCs, two are unusually metal-rich and feature bright [O iii] emission lines. We conclude that one probably hosts a planetary nebula and the other a supernova remnant. Such emission-line objects should be more common in an intermediate-age stellar population than in an old one. We therefore suggest that, in addition to the typical old metal-rich and old metal-poor GC subpopulations, there may be a third subpopulation of an intermediate age. Such a subpopulation may have been formed ∼2–3 Gyr ago, in the same star-forming event that dominates the stellar population of the center of the galaxy.
Improving the Mathematical Problem-Solving Skills of Students with Learning Disabilities

Four students with learning disabilities, whose primary difficulty in solving simple word problems involved performing the wrong operation, were taught a strategy for comprehending the problem and devising an appropriate solution. Students learned to apply the strategy first to addition word problems, then to subtraction word problems. Upon completion of instruction, students' overall performance on mixed sets of addition and subtraction word problems improved, and they were much less likely to perform the wrong operation. Although the effects of instruction generalized to a different setting, maintenance of strategy effects was mixed, perhaps due to administration of the maintenance probes during summer vacation.
Evolutionary theory as a guide to socioscientific decision-making

Evolutionary theory serves as the fundamental cornerstone to all life science; yet students frequently possess misconceptions regarding evolution or resist learning the idea altogether. This study, which emerged from alarger project focused on informal reasoning, explores how college students' conceptions of evolutionary theoryaffect their reasoning in the context of genetic engineering issues. Thirty students, 15 biology majors and 15non-science majors were interviewed individually and asked about their positions on gene therapy and cloning.Whereas none of the non-science majors alluded to evolution, many of the biology majors (8 of 15) adoptedevolutionary perspectives as they negotiated genetic engineering issues. Some student responses revealedmisconceptions such as teleological and deterministic interpretations of evolution, but others discussed moreappropriate evolutionary implications, such as reduced genetic variability and the propagation of unfit genes asa result of cloning. Applications of these findings for both evolution instruction and assessment are discussed.
Shift Work Related to Job Attitudes, Social Participation and Withdrawal Behavior: A Study of Nurses and Industrial Workers.

The present study investigates the relationship between shift schedules and mental health, job satisfaction, social participation, organizational commitment, anticipated turnover, absenteeism and tardiness among nurses (N=440) in two hospitals and among rank-and-file workers (N=383) in a manufacturing organization. Results are generally supportive of the model which projected that workers on fixed work schedules (high routine-oriented) would be better off than workers on rotating work schedules (low routine-oriented) in terms of mental health, job satisfaction, organizational commitment and social participation. In addition, workers on fixed shift schedules are found to be lower on anticipated turnover, absenteeism and tardiness than workers on rotating shift schedules. Six potential moderators: age, marital status, place of socialization, cultural background, seniority and respondent's sex, were measured and their association with these relationships analyzed. Results are discussed in the light of the previous empirical evidence.
A Survey of Algorithms in FCIM

Frequent closed itemsets (FCI) is a condensed representation method for frequent item-sets. FCI reduces the redundant rules and increases the performance of mining. In recent years, a large number of algorithms have been proposed about frequent closed itemsets mining due to the importance of them In this paper, we generally review and compare the most important FCI algorithms with each other. Results show that each algorithm based on its applied strategy has some advantages and disadvantages for mining in dense and sparse datasets. However, DCI-Closed algorithm is more effective than other ones.
Substitution of an Alanine Residue for Glycine 146 in TMP Kinase from Escherichia coli Is Responsible for Bacterial Hypersensitivity to Bromodeoxyuridine

ABSTRACT The wild-type TMP kinases from Escherichia coli and from a strain hypersensitive to 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine were characterized comparatively. The mutation at codon 146 causes the substitution of an alanine residue for glycine in the enzyme, which is accompanied by changes in the relative affinities for 5-Br-UMP and TMP compared to those of the wild-type TMP kinase. Plasmids carrying the wild-type tmk gene from Escherichia coli orBacillus subtilis, but not the defective tmkgene, restored the resistance to bromodeoxyuridine of an E. coli mutant strain.
Use and Non-use of Humor in Academic ESL Classrooms

A substantial body of research emphasizes the importance of humor in teaching/learning processes; however, research on the reasons for non-use of humor in academic contexts has enjoyed scant attention. Addressing this gap, this study examines the reasons for instructors’ humor avoidance taking into account student perceived benefits of using humor in academic ESL classrooms. Data were collected through an open-response questionnaire. Participants in a university in Malaysia were asked to provide their views on: (a) the reasons some instructors avoid using humor, and (b) the benefits of using humor in L2 classes. Responses were grouped into relating categories and content analyzed. “Humor is not in their personality,” “they lack competence to create humor in L2,” and “they are more syllabus-oriented” were the most frequently cited reasons for the non-use of instructor humor. Perceived benefits of instructor humor were placed into three major categories: psychological, social and instructional. Implications of these findings are explored within the content of second language education.
Design Considerations for Web-Based Learning Systems

The problem and the solution. The introduction of Internet and Web-based technologies has resulted in changes in the way instructional design models are applied in the creation of instruction delivered via the new media. New resources and constraints must be considered and new questions must be asked and answered.This chapter describes how the traditional instructional design model is modified when designing instruction for these new technologies.
Teacher development for formative assessment.

This article reports on the teacher development that occurred during a two-year research project on the formative assessment practices of primary and secondary school teachers of science. The teacher development involved the teachers' professional, personal and social development. The project focused on clarifying what it was that served as formative assessment in the classroom. Personal development focused upon appreciating the risks and uncertainties involved in responding to what students are learning and acknowledging the importance of teacher confidence. Social development involved a re-examination of the nature of student-teach er interactions and of the complex and often contradicting roles of the teacher in relation to teaching, learning and assessment.
Task and Institutional Influences on Managers' Mental Models of Competition

From institutional theory, we argue (a) that the competitive, or task environment may encourage divergence of management cognition between organizations, management functions and amongst senior managers, and (b) that the institutional environment may encourage cognitive convergence at the level of the industry, the strategic group and within institutionalized practices linked to management functions and level. Using management cognition of competition as a vehicle and two cognitive mapping methods, we test a series of competing propositions amongst 32 managers in the UK personal financial services industry, an industry that evidences both task and institutional characteristics. Our findings indicate neither the superiority of exclusively task nor institutional explanations of management cognition. However, the results do indicate some influence of the institutional environment, most noticeably through the convergence of mental models within middle managers across the industry. The results also indicate some influence of the task environment, through cognitive differences across organizations and greater differentiation amongst senior managers' mental models. We interpret our results by referring to the usefulness of distinguishing between task and institutional environments in management cognition and strategic management research.
A Longitudinal Examination of the Comparative Criterion-Related Validity of Additive and Referent-Shift Consensus Operationalizations of Team Efficacy

Using a longitudinal design, the authors examined the criterion-related validity of two operationalizations of task-specific team efficacy that differed in their approximation to the level of analysis of the criterion, team performance. Data were obtained from 85 highly interdependent dyadic teams trained over a 2-week period to perform a complex perceptual-motor skill task. Results indicated that, as expected, the operationalization with a team-level referent (referent-shift consensus) was superior to the operationalization with an individual-level referent (additive) across all three data collection periods. For the referent-shift consensus operationalization, within-team agreement and the criterion-related validity improved between the first and second data collection periods but not between the second and third. However, for both operationalizations, despite the increased strength of the team efficacy and team performance relationships, efficacy ratings collected later in the study protocol did not explain unique variance in subsequent team performance once the effect of previous performance was statistically controlled.
Design alternatives for the evaluation of design science research artifacts

Within a consideration of cost effectiveness the evaluation of design science research artifacts is of major importance. In the past, a plenitude of approaches has been developed for this purpose -- partly artifact-specific, partly artifact-neutral. Nonetheless, there is a lack of a comprehensive overview over existing methods as well as a systemization of those with regard to fundamental structuring criteria. The paper at hand surveys existing methods and introduces a framework that equally supports the designer and the user of artifact evaluation approaches. Subsequent to the embedding of the framework into the design science research process two exemplary application scenarios are described.