Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Morphology of Isolated Colonic Crypts

The traditional paradigm of colonic fluid and electrolyte transport includes a spatial separation of absorptive and secretory processes to surface and crypt cells, respectively. Recent studies of isolated microperfused colonic crypts revealed constitutive Na-dependent fluid absorption while secretion is regulated by one or more neurohumoral agonists. One obvious reason for the difference found in microdissected crypts is their separation from the lamina propria milieu. While it has been shown that isolated crypts are devoid of obvious lamina propria elements, including pericryptal fibroblasts, detailed morphologic information of the content of isolated crypts has been lacking. To characterize the morphology of the isolated crypt, we performed transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunofluorescence on microdissected and Ca2+ chelated crypts. Crypt cell type analysis was carried out separately on intact rat colon using light microscopy. TEM revealed a complete lack of either lamina propria cells or extracellular material in crypts isolated by either technique. TEM also revealed a subtle difference between the two isolation methods, with intact basal membranes in microdissected crypts but focal disruption of basal membranes in Ca2+- chelated crypts. Immunofluorescent stains for two basement membrane components (laminin and collagen type IV) revealed the presence of adherent basement membrane only on microdissected crypts; evidence that the plane of separation differs in these two preparations. Crypt cell type analysis on intact rat colon revealed an equal proportion of goblet cells in the right and left colon (approximately 50%) when measuring the middle 70% of the crypts – the area studied during crypt microperfusion. This morphologic analysis will increase our understanding of the observed physiology of isolated colonic crypts.
Effects of sport education and teaching style on cardiovascular activation of HRV during physical and mental conditions in female students

HRV Mase werden als Indikatoren fur Gesundheit und korperliche Fitness diskutiert. Sportliche Aktivitat ist bekannt fur seine positive Wirkung auf das kardiovaskulare System und verringert Muskelspannungen und korperliche Schmerzen. In letzter Zeit nahm die Anzahl der Beschwerden des Muskel- und Bewegungsapparates vor allem unter Schulern und Studenten immer mehr zu und viele Studien bringen dies mit erhohter Computer und Laptop Anwendung sowie Stress und mentale Herausforderungen in Verbindung. Ziel dieser Studie war es die Auswirkungen einer rhythmisch-musikalischen Bewegungserziehung und einer traditionellen Leibeserziehung auf Parameter der HRV zu erforschen. Auserdem wurde die HRV von Schulerinnen aus Laptop-Klassen mit jenen Schulerinnen aus Nicht-Laptop-Klassen miteinander verglichen. Insgesamt nahmen an der Studie 49 Schulerinnen aus der 9. und 10. Klasse einer Wiener Handelsakademie teil. HRV Parameter des Zeit- und Frequenzbereichs wurden wahrend eines mentalen und korperlichen Studienprotokolls zu Beginn und am Ende des Schulsemesters analysiert. Daneben wurden psychologische Indikatoren (Ausmas sportlicher Aktivitat, korperliche Beschwerden und Computerverwendung) mittels PDA-Fragebogen erhoben und ihre Beziehung zu HRV Parameter in Ruhebedingung untersucht. Ergebnisse: Es konnten keine signifikanten Auswirkungen von unterschiedlichen Bewegungserziehungsstilen, sowie unterschiedlichen Unterrichtsarten, mit oder ohne Laptop, auf Parameter der HRV festgestellt werden. Weiters konnten keine Unterschiede zwischen Laptop-Schulerinnen und Nicht-Laptop-Schulerinnen hinsichtlich ihres korperlichen Beschwerdeempfindens beobachtet werden. Bezuglich der psychologischen Indikatoren ergaben die Korrelationen mit der HRV in Ruhebedingung folgende signifikante Ergebnisse: Je hoher der BMI, desto hoher die durchschnittliche Herzrate. Hohere subjektive sportliche Aktivitat wirkt sich durch erhohte Sympathikusaktivitat in Form von langeren Atrial Werten aus. Langere Computernutzung zu Hause fuhrt ebenfalls zu erhohter Sympathikusaktivitat in Form von erhohter log LF/HF Komponente und verlangerten Atrial Werten. Insgesamt ist es schwierig die Ergebnisse zu vergleichen, da die Effekte der Sportgruppen und der Klassen uber ein Semester gemessen sehr gering sind. Auserdem unterscheiden sich die Sportgruppen in der Baseline sehr stark durch den vorangegangenen, unterschiedlich anstrengenden Sportunterricht.
Common Viral Integration Sites Identified in Avian Leukosis Virus-Induced B-Cell Lymphomas

ABSTRACT Avian leukosis virus (ALV) induces B-cell lymphoma and other neoplasms in chickens by integrating within or near cancer genes and perturbing their expression. Four genes—MYC, MYB, Mir-155, and TERT—have previously been identified as common integration sites in these virus-induced lymphomas and are thought to play a causal role in tumorigenesis. In this study, we employ high-throughput sequencing to identify additional genes driving tumorigenesis in ALV-induced B-cell lymphomas. In addition to the four genes implicated previously, we identify other genes as common integration sites, including TNFRSF1A, MEF2C, CTDSPL, TAB2, RUNX1, MLL5, CXorf57, and BACH2. We also analyze the genome-wide ALV integration landscape in vivo and find increased frequency of ALV integration near transcriptional start sites and within transcripts. Previous work has shown ALV prefers a weak consensus sequence for integration in cultured human cells. We confirm this consensus sequence for ALV integration in vivo in the chicken genome. IMPORTANCE Avian leukosis virus induces B-cell lymphomas in chickens. Earlier studies showed that ALV can induce tumors through insertional mutagenesis, and several genes have been implicated in the development of these tumors. In this study, we use high-throughput sequencing to reveal the genome-wide ALV integration landscape in ALV-induced B-cell lymphomas. We find elevated levels of ALV integration near transcription start sites and use common integration site analysis to greatly expand the number of genes implicated in the development of these tumors. Interestingly, we identify several genes targeted by viral insertions that have not been previously shown to be involved in cancer. Avian leukosis virus induces B-cell lymphomas in chickens. Earlier studies showed that ALV can induce tumors through insertional mutagenesis, and several genes have been implicated in the development of these tumors. In this study, we use high-throughput sequencing to reveal the genome-wide ALV integration landscape in ALV-induced B-cell lymphomas. We find elevated levels of ALV integration near transcription start sites and use common integration site analysis to greatly expand the number of genes implicated in the development of these tumors. Interestingly, we identify several genes targeted by viral insertions that have not been previously shown to be involved in cancer.
Error performance for relaying protocols with multiple decode‐and‐forward relays

This paper investigates the error performance of three relaying protocols with multiple decode‐and‐forward relays. In the first protocol, relays that can decode correctly will forward the signals from source. Nevertheless, selection cooperation (SC) and opportunistic relaying (OR) are adopted to select only a single relay to forward in the other two protocols, respectively. At sufficiently high signal‐to‐noise ratio, the upper bounds on bit error probability are derived for three protocols, where the developments apply for various channel fading models. Simulation results are provided to verify the tightness of the analytical bounds, and the performance comparisons among different relaying protocols are presented. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein Is a Molten Globule under Native Conditions

The von-Hippel Lindau tumor suppressor protein (pVHL) is conserved throughout evolution, as its homologues are found in organisms ranging from mammals to the Drosophila melanogaster and Anopheles gambiae insects and the Caenorhabditis elegans nematode. Although the physiological role of pVHL is not fully understood, it has been shown to interact with a large number of unrelated proteins and was suggested to play a role in protein degradation as an E3 ubiquitin ligase component in the ubiquitin pathway. To gain insight into the molecular basis of pVHL activity, we analyzed its folding and stability in solution under physiologically relevant conditions. Dynamic light-scattering and gel filtration chromatography of the purified pVHL clearly indicated that the Stokes radius of the protein is larger than what would be expected from its crystal structure. However, under these conditions, the protein shows a clear secondary structure as determined by far-UV circular dichroism. Yet, the near-UV CD experiments show an absence of a tertiary structure. Upon the addition of urea, even at very low concentrations, the protein unfolds in a non-reversible manner, leading to the formation of amorphous aggregates. Furthermore, a large increase in fluorescence (>50-fold) is observed upon the addition of pVHL into a solution containing 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid. We therefore conclude that, under native conditions, the non-bound pVHL has a molten globule configuration with marginal stability. Although molten globular structures can be induced in many proteins under extreme conditions, this is one of the few reported cases of such a structure under the physiological conditions of pH, ionic strength, and temperature. The significance of the pVHL structural properties is being discussed in the context of its physiological activities.
Local bond-slip numerical simulation based on ANSYS contact analysis

This paper has conducted contact analysis of pull-out specimens with FE code ANSYS10.0. A series of numerical simulation technologies such as defining material, establishing FE model, generating contact element and post-processing are studied. This paper has paid special attention to setting up 3-D contact pair with element TARGE170 and CONTA174. Both friction coefficient of Coulomb friction model and adhesion strength are recommended. Finally, bond-slip numerical simulation is carried out based on contact analysis. Contact friction, contact pressure and contact state can be studied by this method, which makes up the deficiency of macro test. Comparison with experiments shows that this method is feasible to simulate bond-slip relationship during pull-out test.
Vitamin D supplementation and recombinant human erythropoietin utilization in vitamin D-deficient hemodialysis patients.

INTRODUCTION We sought to examine the impact of ergocalciferol (ERGO) on recombinant human erythropoietin (EPO) use in a cohort of 25-OH vitamin D (25-D)-deficient hemodialysis (HD) patients. METHODS Baseline 25-D levels were obtained for all patients who received HD >6 months in our unit. Patients with levels between 10 and 30 ng/mL received ERGO 50,000 IU x 4 doses and patients with levels <10 ng/mL received 50,000 IU x 6 doses over a 4-month period. Monthly dose of EPO was recorded at baseline and after ERGO supplementation. RESULTS Baseline 25-D levels were <30 ng/mL in 89% of tested patients. Eighty-one patients were included in this study. Mean baseline 25-D level was 15.3 ± 7.1 ng/mL and increased to 28.5 ± 8.6 ng/mL after ERGO (p<0.0001), and median baseline EPO dose was 21,933 U/month (interquartile range [IQR] 13,867-35,967) and decreased to 18,400 U/month (IQR 11,050-33,000) after ERGO (p=0.17). Forty-six patients (57%) required less EPO after ERGO compared with baseline: 15,450 U/month (IQR 10,056-23,575) vs. 26,242 U/month (IQR 15,717-40,167), respectively (p<0.0001). Thirty-five patients (43%) required a higher dose of EPO after ERGO, 26,350 U/month (IQR 15,875-46,075) vs. 17,667 U/month (IQR 12,021-23,392), respectively (p=0.016). Mean age, sex, vintage, diabetes status, race and 25-D levels did not differ in these 2 groups of patients, either at baseline or after ERGO. Monthly hemoglobin, iron saturation, albumin, intact parathyroid hormone, calcium and phosphorus were unchanged after ERGO in these 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS ERGO use in 25-D-deficient HD patients may lessen the need for EPO. We recommend more aggressive supplementation with ERGO in future studies to achieve levels >30 ng/mL.
HLA-B*5901 is strongly associated with methazolamide-induced Stevens-Johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis.

AIMS The carbonic anhydrase inhibitor methazolamide infrequently causes Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN). An association between these diseases and the HLA-B59 serotype has been suggested in case reports. This study examined the disease-associated B*59 allele and investigated the association of these diseases with other HLA class I alleles. METHODS We performed high-resolution HLA-A, -B and -C genotyping in five patients with methazolamide-induced SJS/TEN using a PCR-sequencing-based typing method and analyzed the association between HLA-class I alleles and occurrence of methazolamide-induced SJS/TEN. RESULTS B*5901 and Cw*0102 alleles were observed in all patients and A*2402 was observed in four patients. The B*5901 allele showed the strongest association with methazolamide-induced SJS/TEN (p < 0.001; odds ratio: 249.8; 95% CI: 13.4-4813.5), followed by Cw*0102 (p = 0.004; odds ratio: 22.1; 95% CI: 1.2-414.3), when compared with the general population as a control. The frequency of the patients carrying B*5901, Cw*0102 and A*2402 simultaneously was significantly higher than that in the general population (p < 0.001; odds ratio: 110.1; 95% CI: 11.7-1038.6). CONCLUSION A strong association was observed between HLA-B*5901 and methazolamide-induced SJS/TEN in Korean patients. HLA-B*5901 may be a useful screening marker for predicting methazolamide-induced SJS/TEN in patients of Korean and Japanese ancestry.
Effect on Structural and Magnetic Properties of CaMn0.9Mo0.1O3 Employing Glow Discharge in the Synthesis Route

In this paper, we use the abnormal glow discharge (AGD) in the synthesis process of the CaMn0.9Mo0. 1O3 perovskite, varying the conventional route by solid-state reaction method, and the AGD was employed in decarbonizing, annealing, and sintering steps. Structural characterization was carry out by the Rietveld refinement of X-ray diffraction on samples after sintering step at room temperature. Magnetic properties were analyzed through magnetization curves as a function of temperature for applied magnetic field of 1 kOe by the zero-field-cooled-field-cooled method. CaMn0.9Mo0. 1O3 perovskite was also produced by conventional method in resistive furnace, and its behavior was compared with these obtained for samples AGD produced. The X-ray analysis reveals that samples crystallize in a P nma structure. The magnetization measurements allow analyzing the behavior of the sample, at low temperatures, and comparing the magnetic transitions in the samples produced by both the methods. The results show that AGD can be an alternative to produce these ceramic materials with an important reduction in the production time with respect to conventional method.
Beyond NPM-anaplastic lymphoma kinase driven lymphomagenesis: alternative drivers in anaplastic large cell lymphoma

Purpose of reviewAnaplastic large cell lymphomas (ALCLs) are rare entities whose somatic genetic lesions have been identified only in a subset of patients. Thus, an integrated and massive discovery programme is required to define their tumourigenic alterations and to design more successful tailored therapies. Recent findingsThe discovery of anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) fusions has provided the basis for the characterization of distinct subsets among ALCL patients. Although the oncogenic addiction of ALK signalling is proven, the tumorigenic contribution of coactivating lesions is still missing. As ALK− and ALK+ share common signatures, it is plausible that analogous mechanisms of transformation may be operating in both subsets, as confirmed by the dysregulated activation of c-MYC, RAS and NF&kgr;B, and the loss of Blimp-1 and p53/p63 axis. Nonetheless, recurrent genetic alterations for ALK− ALCL or refractory leukaemic ALK+ ALCL are lacking. Moreover, although conventional chemotherapies (anthracycline-based) are most successful, that is in ALK+ ALCL patients, the implementation of ALK inhibitors or of anti-CD30 based treatments provides innovative solutions, particularly in paediatric ALK+ ALCL and in chemorefractory/relapsed patients. SummaryThe complete portrayal of the landscape of genetic alterations in ALCL will dictate the development of innovative chemotherapeutic and targeted therapies that will fit most with the molecular and clinical profiling of individual patients.
INTRINSIC FUNDAMENTAL FREQUENCY RELATED TO LEXICAL STRESS IN THE SPEECH OF PEOPLE WITH PARKINSON’S DISEASE

Intrinsic fundamental frequency (IF0) refers to a systematic difference in f0 between vowels of different heights in a similar phonetic context: high vowels tend to have higher f0 than lower vowels. Various hypotheses as to the cause of IF0 have been raised, differing mainly on the nature they attribute to the phenomenon: whether it is passive (automatic), resulting from articulatory movements that reach these segments without intending IF0 specifically; or active (controlled), deliberately generated due to reasons of perception or compensatory processes. In this article, we hope to contribute to the debate with f0 data obtained from patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease (PD). 631 / a, i / vowels were analysed from recordings of an extract of text read aloud. As a result, IF0 was observed not only in participants from the control group, but also from the PD group, and the trends for participants with dysarthria were no different from those in the control group in the stressed syllable. The fact that we did not observe significant differences between the groups favours the hypothesis that IF0 is automatic. As dysarthric subjects have impaired motor control, the fact that they display IF0 with no difference from the individuals in the control group suggests that the mechanism involved in the phenomenon is similar for both. Our data does not permit us to indicate clearly which biomechanical mechanism would be the best causal explanation for these differences between high and low vowels, but they appear to be consistent with the hypotheses that emphasize the importance of tongue height.
Mild Dissonance Preferred Over Consonance in Single Chord Perception

Previous research on harmony perception has mainly been concerned with horizontal aspects of harmony, turning less attention to how listeners perceive psychoacoustic qualities and emotions in single isolated chords. A recent study found mild dissonances to be more preferred than consonances in single chord perception, although the authors did not systematically vary register and consonance in their study; these omissions were explored here. An online empirical experiment was conducted where participants (N = 410) evaluated chords on the dimensions of Valence, Tension, Energy, Consonance, and Preference; 15 different chords were played with piano timbre across two octaves. The results suggest significant differences on all dimensions across chord types, and a strong correlation between perceived dissonance and tension. The register and inversions contributed to the evaluations significantly, nonmusicians distinguishing between triadic inversions similarly to musicians. The mildly dissonant minor ninth, major ninth, and minor seventh chords were rated highest for preference, regardless of musical sophistication. The role of theoretical explanations such as aggregate dyadic consonance, the inverted-U hypothesis, and psychoacoustic roughness, harmonicity, and sharpness will be discussed to account for the preference of mild dissonance over consonance in single chord perception.
Dynamics, Multiplicity and Conceptual Blends in HCI

Discussions on what makes user interfaces "natural" or "intuitive" have led researchers to apply Fauconnier and Turner's theory of Conceptual Blends to explain how users rely on familiar and real-world concepts when they learn to use new digital technologies -- as a blend of experiences from the --physical and the "digital" world. This pursuit has multiple challenges of which we address four: The continuous dynamic development of experiences; the multiplicity and complexity involved; the distinction between "real" and "virtual" experiences, and finally applying descriptive concepts predictively. Based on our background in activity theoretical HCI we discuss two cases to nuance the discussion of conceptual blends and HCI. We provide an understanding of conceptual blends beyond one-to-one static blends, and immediately recognizable concepts. We focus on multiplicity, dynamics and learning, and in that we provide a more advanced methodological scaffolding of analyses of conceptual blends, hence we propose that designers need to seed blends in design.
Effects of task-oriented training on upper extremity function and performance of daily activities in chronic stroke patients with impaired cognition

[Purpose] This study aimed to determine the effects of task-oriented training on upper extremity function and performance of daily activities in chronic stroke patients with impaired cognition. [Subjects and Methods] In this study, 2 chronic hemiplegic stroke patients underwent task-oriented training. The training was conducted once a day for 30 minutes, 5 times/week, for 2 weeks. The patients were evaluated 3 times before and after the task-oriented training. Changes in upper extremity function were assessed using the manual function test, and changes in the ability to carry out daily activities were assessed using the functional independence measure. [Results] The patients showed improvement in both the upper extremity function and ability to perform daily activities after task-oriented training. [Conclusion] Task-oriented training was proven effective in improving upper extremity function and ability to perform daily activities in chronic hemiplegic stroke patients with impaired cognition.
Factors affecting home care patients' acceptance of a web-based interactive self-management technology

OBJECTIVE With the advent of personal health records and other patient-focused health technologies, there is a growing need to better understand factors that contribute to acceptance and use of such innovations. In this study, we employed the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology as the basis for determining what predicts patients' acceptance (measured by behavioral intention) and perceived effective use of a web-based, interactive self-management innovation among home care patients. DESIGN Cross-sectional secondary analysis of data from a randomized field study evaluating a technology-assisted home care nursing practice with adults with chronic cardiac disease. MEASUREMENT AND ANALYSIS: A questionnaire was designed based on validated measurement scales from prior research and was completed by 101 participants for measuring the acceptance constructs as part of the parent study protocol. Latent variable modeling with item parceling guided assessment of patients' acceptance. RESULTS Perceived usefulness accounted for 53.9% of the variability in behavioral intention, the measure of acceptance. Together, perceived usefulness, health care knowledge, and behavioral intention accounted for 68.5% of the variance in perceived effective use. Perceived ease of use and subjective norm indirectly influenced behavioral intention, through perceived usefulness. Perceived ease of use and subjective norm explained 48% of the total variance in perceived usefulness. CONCLUSION The study demonstrates that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, subjective norm, and healthcare knowledge together predict most of the variance in patients' acceptance and self-reported use of the web-based self-management technology.