Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Authorization Enforcement in Workflows: Maintaining Realizability Via Automated Reasoning

We investigate automated reasoning techniques as a means of supporting authorization enforcement functions of security-aware workflow management systems. The aim of such support is that one may statically or dynamically guarantee the realizability of a workflow instance given the security constraints of the underlying workflow specification. We develop two such automated reasoning methods and experimentally evaluate their suitability for giving such support. One method uses a propositional encoding of realizability implemented through binary decision diagrams, another method uses a linear-time temporal logic encoding implemented via bounded model checking. We chose these particular methods and implementations since they render representations that, at least in principle, capture many potential solutions so that dynamic guarantees of realizability can be made through efficient queries on these representations. Preliminary experimental results identify issues of scalability and of balancing flexibility in task allocation with complexity of computing such allocations.
Genetic polymorphism in exon 2 of cathepsin D is not associated with vascular dementia

Jeong B‐H, Lee K‐H, Lee Y‐J, Yun J, Park Y‐J, Kim Y‐H, Cho Y‐S, Choi E‐K, Carp RI, Kim Y‐S. Genetic polymorphism in exon 2 of cathepsin D is not associated with vascular dementia. Acta Neurol Scand: 2011: 123: 419–423. © 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
Interpersonal Metadiscourse in Persuasive Journalism: A Study of Texts by American and Iranian EFL Columnists

Interpersonal metadiscourse refers to aspects of a text which reflect the writer’s position towards both the content in the text and the reader. This study aimed to explore the role of interpersonal metadiscourse markers in persuasive writing. For this purpose, two elite newspapers in the United States and Iran, The New York Times and Tehran Times respectively, were chosen. Based on a textual analysis of 12 opinion articles (6 from each newspaper), this investigation intended to find out whether American and Iranian EFL writers employed the same amounts of interpersonal markers (hedges, certainty markers, commentaries, attitude markers, and attributors) in their texts. The findings revealed that interpersonal metadiscourse was present in both sets of data, but that there were significant differences between the two groups regarding the occurrences of interpersonal markers, specifically in the case of commentaries. The results suggested that different factors interacted in the choice of metadiscourse markers in newspaper opinion articles written by American and Iranian EFL columnists: culture-driven preferences, genredriven conventions, and Iranian EFL writers’ extent of foreign language experience. The study also stressed the need for more contrastive studies in the area of metadiscourse and more attention to this important element in L2 writing courses.
Satisfaction and Commitment of American and Japanese Collegiate Coaches

Male coaches from NCAA Division I (n = 297), Division III (n = 294), and Japanese universities (n = 254) responded to the Coach Satisfaction Questionnaire measuring satisfaction with supervision, coaching job, autonomy, facilities, media and community support, pay, team performance, amount of work, colleagues, athletes’ academic performance, and job security; and Blau, Paul, and St. John's (1993) General Index of Work Commitment. Japanese coaches expressed significantly lower satisfaction than American coaches with seven facets (supervision, coaching job, autonomy, team performance, colleagues, athletes' academic performance, and job security). American coaches were significantly more committed to their occupation than the Japanese coaches who were significantly more committed to their organizations than American coaches.
Steroidogenic Capacity of Residual Ovarian Tissue in 4-Vinylcyclohexene Diepoxide-Treated Mice1

Abstract Menopause is an important public health issue because of its association with a number of disorders. Androgens produced by residual ovarian tissue after menopause could impact the development of these disorders. It has been unclear, however, whether the postmenopausal ovary retains steroidogenic capacity. Thus, an ovary-intact mouse model for menopause that uses the occupational chemical 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) was used to characterize the expression of steroidogenic genes in residual ovarian tissue of follicle-depleted mice. Female B6C3F1 mice (age, 28 days) were dosed daily for 20 days with either vehicle or VCD (160 mg kg−1 day−1) to induce ovarian failure. Ovaries were collected on Day 181 and analyzed for mRNA and protein. Acyclic aged mice were used as controls for natural ovarian senescence. Relative to cycling controls, expression of mRNA encoding steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (Star); cholesterol side-chain cleavage (Cyp11a1); 3beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (Hsd3b); 17alpha-hydroxylase (Cyp17a1); scavenger receptor class B, type 1 (Scarb1); low-density lipoprotein receptor (Ldlr); and luteinizing hormone receptor (Lhcgr) was enriched in VCD-treated ovaries. In acyclic aged ovaries, mRNA expression for only Cyp17a1 and Lhcgr was greater than that in controls. Compared to cycling controls, ovaries from VCD-treated and aged mice had similar levels of HSD3B, CYP17A1, and LHCGR protein. The pattern of protein immunofluorescence staining for HSD3B in follicle-depleted (VCD-treated) ovaries was homogeneous, whereas that for CYP17A1 was only seen in residual interstitial cells. Circulating levels of FSH and LH were increased, and androstenedione levels were detectable following follicle depletion in VCD-treated mice. These findings support the idea that residual ovarian tissue in VCD-treated mice retains androgenic capacity.
IMPACT Is a Developmentally Regulated Protein in Neurons That Opposes the Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2α Kinase GCN2 in the modulation of Neurite Outgrowth*

Background: IMPACT inhibits GCN2, a kinase that directs stress remedial responses by attenuating translation and controls feeding behavior and memory. Results: Neuronal IMPACT is developmentally up-regulated, promoting protein synthesis and neuritogenesis, opposing GCN2. Conclusion: GCN2 and IMPACT modulate an early step in neuronal differentiation. Significance: A neuron-specific developmental program is controlled by two evolutionarily conserved translational regulators. The product of the mouse Imprinted and Ancient gene, IMPACT, is preferentially expressed in neurons. We have previously shown that IMPACT overexpression inhibits the activation of the protein kinase GCN2, which signals amino acid starvation. GCN2 phosphorylates the α-subunit of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 (eIF2α), resulting in inhibition of general protein synthesis but increased translation of specific messages, such as ATF4. GCN2 is also involved in the regulation of neuronal functions, controlling synaptic plasticity, memory, and feeding behavior. We show here that IMPACT abundance increases during differentiation of neurons and neuron-like N2a cells, whereas GCN2 displays lowered activation levels. Upon differentiation, IMPACT associates with translating ribosomes, enhances translation initiation, and down-regulates the expression of ATF4. We further show that endogenous IMPACT promotes neurite outgrowth whereas GCN2 is a strong inhibitor of spontaneous neuritogenesis. Together, these results uncover the participation of the GCN2-IMPACT module of translational regulation in a highly controlled step in the development of the nervous system.
Do Parents’ Causal Attributions Predict the Accuracy and Bias in their Children’s Self‐Concept of Maths Ability? A longitudinal study

The present study investigated the extent to which parents’ causal attributions predict the accuracy of, and bias in, their children’s self‐concept of maths ability. Participants were 207 children and their 182 mothers and 167 fathers, who were assessed during the children’s first and second primary school years. The results showed that the more parents thought that their children succeeded because of ability, the more accurate the children’s self‐concept of maths ability became. In contrast, the more the parents attributed their children’s success to effort, the less accurate and more optimistic the children’s self‐concept of ability became.
EFFECTS OF FOOD, ANTACID, AND DOSAGE FORM ON THE PHARMACOKINETICS AND RELATIVE BIOAVAILABILITY OF SERTINDOLE IN HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS

The pharmacokinetic disposition and relative bioavailability of sertindole administered as a tablet dosage form under fasting conditions, in the presence of food, in the presence of antacid, and as solution was studied in a four‐way crossover in young healthy male volunteers. Overall, tablet dosing after a meal or Maalox had no effect on t1/2 or AUC values when compared to fasting conditions, but increased the tmax and decreased the Cmax values slightly. The mean relative bioavailabilities of sertindole administered as tablets after fasting, with food, and with Maalox are 99, 104, and 98%, respectively, compared to sertindole solution. Therefore, sertindole can be administered with and without food and without regard to coadministration of antacids. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The effects of reasoning, prior mood, and personality on emotion

Whether performing a syllogistic reasoning task (SRT) affects emotional state in different prior moods was tested using eighty participants in either a positive, negative, or neutral mood. A film mood induction procedure (MIP) was used and affective state was assessed before the MIP, after the MIP and after the SRT. The affective reactivity hypothesis - that personality influences the magnitude of affective change to an MIP - was also tested by having participants fill out the Eysenck Personality Inventory. Participants in a positive, but not in a negative or neutral, prior mood moved more negative after the SRT. Participants' pattern of affective reactivity partly replicated previous research but contrary to prediction in the positive condition extraversion was inversely related to increases in positive (in the MIP) and negative (in the SRT) affect. These results suggest that, under some conditions, people may adaptively move to the mood-state that is most conducive to the type of cognitive task they must perform.
Clarifying the purposes of educational assessment

This article concerns the importance of clarity in thinking and talking about certain core concepts of educational assessment. It begins by identifying three quite distinct interpretations of the term ‘assessment purpose’. It continues by challenging the supposed distinction between ‘formative’ and ‘summative’—arguing that the latter only applies to a kind of assessment result while the former only applies to a kind of use of assessment results. It ends by illustrating the wide range of uses to which assessment results might be put and stresses the importance of not concealing important distinctions by locating multiple discrete purposes within a small number of misleading categories.
Compositional Distributional Semantics with Long Short Term Memory

We are proposing an extension of the recursive neural network that makes use of a variant of the long short-term memory architecture. The extension allows information low in parse trees to be stored in a memory register (the `memory cell') and used much later higher up in the parse tree. This provides a solution to the vanishing gradient problem and allows the network to capture long range dependencies. Experimental results show that our composition outperformed the traditional neural-network composition on the Stanford Sentiment Treebank.
Maximizing Venous Outflow after Right Hepatic Living Donor Liver Transplantation with a Venous Graft Patch

Between March 2002 and September 2004, 36 patients at Mie University Hospital underwent living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) of a right lobe graft without the middle hepatic vein. The patients were divided into two groups: group I (n = 25) received ordinary hepatic vein anastomoses, and group II (n = 11) received a venous graft patch in the subsequent procedure. Between groups, we compared hepatic vein blood flow (ultrasound), liver volume (CT scan), laboratory data, and ascitic fluid volume. Outflow block developed as a complication in 1 patient in group I. Hepatic vein blood flow on postoperative day (POD) 3 was significantly better in group II, and hepatic vein waveforms of most group II patients showed the triphasic pattern, especially on PODs 3 and 5. The total bilirubin and aspartate aminotransferase values on POD 1 were significantly better in group II, and daily ascitic fluid volume on PODs 3 and 5 was significantly lower in group II. Thus, modified venoplasty with a graft patch in the right hepatic LDLT not only improved hepatic vein hemodynamics (based on the ultrasound findings), but also improved liver function and decreased daily ascitic fluid volume.
Research Burnout in Tenured Marketing Professors: An Empirical Investigation

In 1988, an American Marketing Association (AMA) task force expressed concern that a large number of senior marketing academicians were turning into "burnouts. " This article reports findings from a large-scale study that defined and measured the research burnout construct and explored its relationship to several variables. Findings indicate that research burnout is not as widespread as envisaged by the task force. Five correlates-intrinsic motivation for research, collaborative research efforts, failure to keep up with knowledge developments, lack of performance-contingent rewards, and weak doctoral training-account for 61% of the variation in research burnout.
Bateria de habilidades cognitivas Woodcock-Johnson III: validade de construto

The purpose of this research was to investigate the construct validity of the Woodcock-Johnson III battery (WJ-III) to assess Brazilians' cognitive abilities. Two studies were conducted. The first sample was composed of 375 participants (220 women, 155 men), ages 7-18, and the second of 64 children (36 girls, 28 boys), ages 7-12. Eight subtests of the WJ-III and the Human Figure Drawing Test (DFH-III) were administered. The results indicated the internal consistency of WJ-III items, by means of Pearson's Correlation, as well as significant differences among ages on the sub tests scores, shown by Multivariate and Univariate Analyses of Variance. Significant correlations were observed between WJ-III and the DFH-III in spatial, fluid and processing speed abilities. In conclusion, the construct validity of the WJ-III for Brazilian children and youngsters was demonstrated.
Toward an Asset Orientation in the Study of U.S. Latina/o Youth

Despite their significant and growing demographic importance, U.S. Latina/o youth are rarely the focus of research and almost never studied from a perspective that reflects counseling psychologists’ emphases on social justice and the strengths of individuals. Such a perspective is likely to result in more effective approaches to the understanding and prevention of adverse outcomes and can expand the understanding of variables that have been traditionally used to study U.S. Latina/o youth. In this study, two specific asset variables—leadership and social responsibility—were used to test hypotheses about the role of biculturalism in adaptive psychological functioning among U.S. Latina/o youth. Results suggest that bicultural identity is meaningfully associated with asset variables, whereas bicultural involvement is not. Implications for research and practice are discussed.
Cumulus Cell Transcripts Transit to the Bovine Oocyte in Preparation for Maturation

ABSTRACT So far, the characteristics of a good quality egg have been elusive, similar to the nature of the physiological, cellular, and molecular cues leading to its production both in vivo and in vitro. Current understanding highlights a strong and complex interdependence between the follicular cells and the gamete. Secreted factors induce cellular responses in the follicular cells, and direct exchange of small molecules from the cumulus cells to the oocyte through gap junctions controls meiotic arrest. Studying the interconnection between the cumulus cells and the oocyte, we previously demonstrated that the somatic cells also contribute transcripts to the gamete. Here, we show that these transcripts can be visualized moving down the transzonal projections (TZPs) to the oocyte, and that a time course analysis revealed progressive RNA accumulation in the TZPs, indicating that RNA transfer occurs before the initiation of meiosis resumption under a timetable fitting with the acquisition of developmental competence. A comparison of the identity of the nascent transcripts trafficking in the TZPs, with those in the oocyte increasing in abundance during maturation, and that are present on the oocyte's polyribosomes, revealed transcripts common to all three fractions, suggesting the use of transferred transcripts for translation. Furthermore, the removal of potential RNA trafficking by stripping the cumulus cells caused a significant reduction in maturation rates, indicating the need for the cumulus cell RNA transfer to the oocyte. These results offer a new perspective to the determinants of oocyte quality and female fertility, as well as provide insight that may eventually be used to improve in vitro maturation conditions.
A Computational Perspective on Visual Attention

Although William James declared in 1890, "Everyone knows what attention is," today there are many different and sometimes opposing views on the subject. This fragmented theoretical landscape may be because most of the theories and models of attention offer explanations in natural language or in a pictorial manner rather than providing a quantitative and unambiguous statement of the theory. They focus on the manifestations of attention instead of its rationale. In this book, John Tsotsos develops a formal model of visual attention with the goal of providing a theoretical explanation for why humans (and animals) must have the capacity to attend. He takes a unique approach to the theory, using the full breadth of the language of computation--rather than simply the language of mathematics--as the formal means of description. The result, the Selective Tuning model of vision and attention, explains attentive behavior in humans and provides a foundation for building computer systems that see with human-like characteristics. The overarching conclusion is that human vision is based on a general purpose processor that can be dynamically tuned to the task and the scene viewed on a moment-by-moment basis. Tsotsos offers a comprehensive, up-to-date overview of attention theories and models and a full description of the Selective Tuning model, confining the formal elements to two chapters and two appendixes. The text is accompanied by more than 100 illustrations in black and white and color; additional color illustrations and movies are available on the book's Web site
2 Threshold for balance and weak balance

In this work we deal with questions on balance and weak balance in random graphs. The theory of balance goes back to Heider [12] who asserted that a social system is balanced if there is no tension and that unbalanced social structures exhibit a tension resulting in a tendency to change in the direction of balance. Since this first work of Heider, the notion of balance has been extensively studied by many mathematicians and psychologists [7, 17]. From a mathematical point of view, the most appropriate model for studying structural balance is that of signed graphs. Formally, a signed graph (G,σ) is a graph G = (V, E) together with a function σ : E → {+,−}, which associates each edge with the sign + or −. In such a signed graph, a subset H of E(G) is said to be positive if it contains an even number of negative edges; otherwise it is said to be negative. A signed graph G is balanced if each cycle of G is positive. Otherwise it is unbalanced. In 1956, Cartwright and Harary [4] obtained the following important result which states an equivalent definition of balance.
Improved Immunological Tolerance Following Combination Therapy with CTLA-4/Ig and AAV-Mediated PD-L1/2 Muscle Gene Transfer

Initially thought as being non-immunogenic, recombinant AAVs have emerged as efficient vector candidates for treating monogenic diseases. It is now clear however that they induce potent immune responses against transgene products which can lead to destruction of transduced cells. Therefore, developing strategies to circumvent these immune responses and facilitate long-term expression of transgenic therapeutic proteins is a main challenge in gene therapy. We evaluated herein a strategy to inhibit the undesirable immune activation that follows muscle gene transfer by administration of CTLA-4/Ig to block the costimulatory signals required early during immune priming and by using gene transfer of PD-1 ligands to inhibit T cell functions at the tissue sites. We provide the proof of principle that this combination immunoregulatory therapy targeting two non-redundant checkpoints of the immune response, i.e., priming and effector functions, can improve persistence of transduced cells in experimental settings where cytotoxic T cells escape initial blockade. Therefore, CTLA-4/Ig plus PD-L1/2 combination therapy represents a candidate approach to circumvent the bottleneck of immune responses directed toward transgene products.
New multiparty authentication services and key agreement protocols

Many modern computing environments involve dynamic peer groups. Distributed simulation, multiuser games, conferencing applications, and replicated servers are just a few examples. Given the openness of today's networks, communication among peers (group members) must be secure and, at the same time, efficient. This paper studies the problem of authenticated key agreement in dynamic peer groups with the emphasis on efficient and provably secure key authentication, key confirmation, and integrity. It begins by considering two-party authenticated key agreement and extends the results to group Diffie-Hellman (1976) key agreement. In the process, some new security properties (unique to groups) are encountered and discussed.
Growing Up and Growing Older: Feminism as a Context for Women's Lives

Social science research shows that contemporary women endorse feminist goals at rates similar to women in the 1970s. However, generations may differ in some aspects of their relationship to feminism. This study of 333 university alumnae examined expressions of feminism across three generations. We provide the first empirical evidence to support Stewart and Healy's (1989) prediction about the impact of social events experienced in childhood; only the youngest cohort recalled holding feminist beliefs as children. Additionally, each cohort identified feminist influences from the period coinciding with their own identity-forming adolescence as most important, although feminism was related to other beliefs in a similar way for each cohort. The Women's Movement appears to be internalized differently depending on developmental life stage.