Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Time of Transition: The Growth of Families Headed by Women

In this slim book, two economists have sought to cast light on the dramatic phenomenon of households headed by women. Public and professional interest in this topic stem from the rapid increase in such families and from their need for support services. Ross and Sawhill present the female-headed family as a transitional form rather than as a distinct lifestyle. Their approach i s to model the “flows” of individuals into and out of the ”stock” of such families. The primary source of in-flow to the female-headed family i s marital dissolution. Separation is the modal form of marital dissolution among nonwhites; divorce the modal form among whites. One contributing factor to the femaleheaded family is illegitimate births, especially among very young women. Changes in living arrangements i s another, equally important factor. The importance of widowhood as a contributing factor to female-headed households has declined relative to marital dissolution. Rates for events leading to female-headed families are higher for nonwhites than for whites, while remarriage rates are lower. A focus of policy concern is the 45% of these families living in poverty, many of whom are on welfare. The average annual income of femaleheaded households i s only half that of single-parent households with a male head, and even less in relation to the average income for husband-wife households. Ross and Sawhilrrely on the 1960 and 1970 censuses for most of their data. As a result, they are limited to raw demographic events and can provide neither a dynamic causal picture of household formation nor a view into the interior of female-headed households. Yet the authors cannot resist making statements about individual motivation, such as when they repeatedly assure the reader that women are not rejecting marriage. The authors seem to have a preference for the husband-wife household, which limits their scope in evaluating the policy options and lifestyles. Although they present data showing that black women and welfare mothers
Dietary fibers and bread: Attitudes, beliefs and knowledge among young population

The link between dietary fibres and prevention of non-communicable diseases is well documented in the existing scientific literature. Despite that, most of the population still do not have enough knowledge about fibres and their presence in certain food. This study intended to make an insight in the knowledge of the Serbian young population about dietary fibres and bioactive compounds through a questionnaire survey. A survey was conducted to a sample of 173 individuals, (37% male and 63% female) randomly selected among students from elementary, high school and university in the Novi Sad municipality. Topics covered by the questionnaire included knowledge of the term dietary fibre, fibre content in different bread types, the relationship between fibres and health and bioactive compounds sources in food. The results for each of the particular topics addressed varied among studied groups, but generally level of knowledge was related to the education level. The highest overall knowledge about dietary fibres and bioactive compounds was expressed by the university students, although elementary and high school students showed a considerable level of knowledge on the subject. Male participants appeared as more familiar with the questions related to bioactive compounds, while females were more informed on questions regarding dietary fibre. This survey revealed that young population in Serbia is well informed about the contribution of dietary fibre and bioactive compounds in promoting health. However, further expansion of existing knowledge will be beneficial in order to improve general health of the entire community.
Implementation of mindfulness-acceptance-commitment protocol for injured athletes : an action research study

Karn Jumroonrojana, 2017. Implementation of Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment Protocol for Injured Athletes: An Action Research Study. Master’s Thesis in Sport and Exercise Psychology. Department of Sport Sciences. University of Jyväskylä. 62p. Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment (MAC) protocol has been implemented and studied for the purpose of performance enhancement with several positive results in the past 10 years. More recently, an increasing, but limited, number of MAC studies have also been done in the field of sport injury prevention and rehabilitation. Since MAC is a protocol with flexible implementation, sport psychology consultants, especially novice, can be confused by a wide range of its strategies. It is important to study implementation because it doesn’t provide only information about the effect but also detailed contents and mechanisms of an intervention, which will reduce variability and fidelity of it. The purpose of this action research case study was to describe and evaluate implementation of the MAC protocol with injured athletes in a small group setting by a novice consultant. 4 injured athletes were included in a 6-session educational MAC program which was conducted in a period of 4 weeks. Data was collected by reviewing participants’ assignments, semi-structured interviews, feedback questionnaires, and reviewing the consultant’s reflective diary. Narrative and content analyses were used in the study. The results suggest that novice consultants who want to use the MAC protocol to work with a group of injured athletes should emphasize the importance of adequate case formulation, time management, creativity in facilitating strategies, experience of the approach and adaptation of the protocol to sport injury. Also, mindful movement technic was an effective tool. This study provides detailed description and evaluation of the program for consultants and future researchers to further develop mindfulnessand acceptance-based interventions for sport rehabilitation.
Branding Internet sovereignty: Digital media and the Chinese–Russian cyberalliance

In the 2000s, China and Russia emerged as outspoken actors with global ambitions. To communicate their status aspirations, both countries introduced a range of nation-branding institutions and initiatives. Global Internet governance – the design and administration of Internet technology and related policymaking – is among the domains where China and Russia have asserted their national brands. The Chinese and Russian governments co-advance the brand narrative of ‘Internet sovereignty’ in opposition to perceived technological and governance hegemony of the United States. Given the power that private online intermediaries wield in the political economy of the Internet, national digital media champions, China’s Baidu and Russia’s Yandex, have been integral to their countries’ Internet branding efforts. The article examines how China and Russia have forged a public–private relationship with respective digital media champions in the context of building and branding an Internet sovereignty agenda.
Bifurcation Structures of Period-Adding Phenomena in an Ocean Internal Wave Model

In this paper, we study bifurcation structures of period-adding phenomena in an internal wave model that is a mathematical model for ocean internal waves. It has been suggested that chaotic solutions observed in the internal wave model may be related to the universal property of the energy spectra of ocean internal waves. In numerical bifurcation analyses of the internal wave model, we illustrate bifurcation routes to chaos and parameter regions where chaotic behavior is observed. Furthermore, it is found that the chaotic solutions are related to the period-adding sequence, that is, successive generations of periodic solutions with longer periods as a control parameter is changed. Considering the period-adding sequence as successive local bifurcations, we discuss a mechanism of the phenomena from the viewpoint of bifurcation analysis. We also consider similarity between period-adding phenomena in the internal wave model and ones in the Lorenz model.
Immune independent crosstalk between lymphoma and myeloid suppressor CD14+HLA-DRlow/neg monocytes mediates chemotherapy resistance

We have previously reported a novel phenotype of myeloid suppressors in lymphoma patients characterized by a loss of HLA-DR expression on monocytes, CD14+HLA-DRlow/neg. These cells were directly immunosuppressive and were associated with poor clinical outcome. In this study, we found that lymphoma tumors could have more than 30% of their tumor occupied by CD14+ cells. This intimate spatial connection suggested substantial cell–cell communication. We examined cross talk between monocytes from healthy volunteers (normal) and lymphoma cells in co-culture to identify the mechanisms and consequences of these interactions. Normal CD14+HLA-DR+ monocytes lost their HLA-DR expression after co-culture with lymphoma cells. Lymphoma-converted CD14+HLA-DRlow/neg cells exhibited similar immunosuppressive functions as CD14+HLA-DRlow/neg monocytes from lymphoma patients. Unexpectedly monocyte additions to lymphoma cell cultures protected lymphoma from cytotoxic killing by chemotherapy drug doxorubicin (DOX). Monocyte mediated resistance to DOX killing was associated with decreased Caspase-3 activity and increased anti-apoptotic heat shock protein-27 (Hsp27) expression. Soluble Hsp27 was detected in supernatant and patient plasma. Increased Hsp27 in plasma correlated with increased proportion of CD14+HLA-DRlow/neg monocytes in patient blood and was associated with lack of clinical response to DOX. This is the first report to describe a non-immune function of CD14+HLA-DRlow/neg monocytes: enhanced lymphoma resistance to chemotherapy. It is also the first report in lymphoma of Hsp27 as a potential mediator of lymphoma and monocyte crosstalk and chemotherapy resistance. Together with previous reports of the prevalence of these myeloid suppressors in other cancers, our findings identify this pathway and these interactions as a potential novel therapeutic target.
The Effects of Social Information on Volunteering: A Field Experiment

Research indicates that providing social information about other people’s charitable donations can increase individual contributions. However, the effects of social information on volunteering time are underexplored. In this field experiment, we measure the effects of different levels of feedback about other people’s time contributions (very high, high, and moderate) on individuals’ hours of volunteering. The experiment was conducted with students from English universities volunteering for a variety of organizations and with a group of predominantly older people volunteering for a national charity in England. Social information did not increase volunteering for either group relative to a control group receiving individualized feedback with no social comparison. For students whose baseline volunteering time was lower than the median, social information had a demotivating effect, reducing their volunteering, suggesting that donating time is different to donating money.
Large Deviationsand Internet

Glossary 78 Bibliography 80 Preface How to read this thesis The progression of chapters in this thesis mirrors the progression in the title, from abstract probability to applied modelling of the Internet. Accordingly, each chapter concludes with a summary of what is used in those that follow. The queueing model in Chapter 3 should be read before the remaining chapters, but otherwise they can be read in any order, and indeed it might be more interesting to start with the applications and read backwards. Acknowledgements I am grateful above all to Professor Frank Kelly, my supervisor, whose enthusiasm and insight have made this work enjoyable. I have also beneeted greatly from my time with Dr Neil O'Connell at Hewlett-Packard/BRIMS and with Dr Nick Duueld at AT&T Labs.
Teacher Engagement In Grades 4-8

Teachers are central to the experience of children in schools and their influence on classroom learning is pivotal. The engagement of teachers in their work is linked to increased job satisfaction, workplace productivity, and even student engagement. Teacher engagement should be considered distinctly from general work engagement. An expanding appreciation of teacher engagement presents opportunities for leaders to improve the work environment of teachers. In a review of previous literature, this study attempted to delineate and define work engagement, generally, and teacher engagement specifically. It aimed to illuminate the importance of identifying and understanding when a teacher is engaged. This study suggested ways school leaders and policy makers could use teacher engagement to improve the teaching and learning that takes place in their schools. This study measured teacher engagement at a small independent K-8 school in two ways: (a) as a personal trait (using the Engaged Teachers Scale or ETS administered once); (b) as a state that may change over time (using an Experience Sampling Method form or ESF multiple times over the course of a work week). The ESF also measured variables on instructional format and levels of interaction with an administrator. The findings of this study described the teacher engagement of the population sampled. It weighed the relationship between trait teacher engagement and state teacher engagement. It found a significant relationship between a teacher’s engagement when measured as a static trait and that teacher’s engagement when measured as a dynamic state. The study found a significant relationship between trait teacher engagement and a teacher’s social interactions with students. It did not find a similarly significant relationship when considering state teacher engagement. This study also considered the relationship between teacher engagement and a teacher’s last TEACHER ENGAGEMENT IN GRADES 4-8 xiii interaction with an administrator. It also considered a teacher’s social engagement with colleagues. The study explored the relationships between teacher engagement and the mean number of different instructional formats used in each class period. Finally, the study considered the relationships that might be present between teacher engagement and the percentage of time that a teacher uses varying instructional formats.
Surface charge algebra in gauge theories and thermodynamic integrability

Surface charges and their algebra in interacting Lagrangian gauge field theories are constructed out of the underlying linearized theory using techniques from the variational calculus. In the case of exact solutions and symmetries, the surface charges are interpreted as a Pfaff system. Integrability is governed by Frobenius’ theorem and the charges associated with the derived symmetry algebra are shown to vanish. In the asymptotic context, we provide a generalized covariant derivation of the result that the representation of the asymptotic symmetry algebra through charges may be centrally extended. Comparison with Hamiltonian and covariant phase space methods is made. All approaches are shown to agree for exact solutions and symmetries while there are differences in the asymptotic context.
Customer Satisfaction, Analyst Stock Recommendations, and Firm Value

Although managers are interested in the financial value of customers and researchers have pointed out the importance of stock analysts who advise investors, no studies to date have explored the implications of customer satisfaction for analyst stock recommendations. Using a large-scale longitudinal data set, the authors find that positive changes in customer satisfaction not only improve analyst recommendations but also lower dispersion in those recommendations for the firm. These effects are stronger when product market competition is high and financial market uncertainty is large. In addition, analyst recommendations at least partially mediate the effects of changes in satisfaction on firm abnormal return, systematic risk, and idiosyncratic risk. Analyst recommendations represent a mechanism through which customer satisfaction affects firm value. Thus, if analysts pay attention to Main Street customer satisfaction, Wall Street investors should have good reason to listen and follow. Overall, this research reveals the impact of satisfaction on analyst-based outcomes and firm value metrics and calls attention to the construct of customer satisfaction as a key intangible asset for the investor community.
Proprotein Convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) in the Rat Alveolar Macrophage Cell Line NR8383: Localization, Trafficking and Effects on Cytokine Secretion

The proprotein convertase 1/3 (PC1/3) is an important post-translational processing enzyme for the activation of precursor proteins within the regulated secretory pathway. Well characterized for its role in the neural and endocrine systems, we recently reported an unconventional role of PC1/3 as a modulator of the Toll-like receptor innate immune response. There are only a few reports that have studied PC1/3 expression in macrophages, and more investigation is needed to better characterize its function. These studies would greatly benefit from model cell lines. Our study aims to identify and characterize PC1/3 in a relevant model macrophage cell line and to determine the links between PC1/3 and innate immune cellular responses. We describe the rat alveolar cell line, NR8383, as expressing PC1/3 and the most common Toll-like receptors. In NR8383 cells, PC1/3 is localized at the Trans-Golgi network and traffics to lysosome related vesicles upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Moreover, we report the co-localization of PC1/3 and Toll-like receptor 4 upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Down regulation of PC1/3 by shRNA produce a similar phenotype in NR8383 to what we previously reported in isolated peritoneal macrophages. PC1/3 shRNA induced changes in the cellular organization and expression of the specific trafficking regulator RAB GTPase. As a consequence, NR8383 down-regulated for PC1/3, present an abnormal cytokine secretion profile. We conclude that the NR8383 cell line represents a good model to study PC1/3 in macrophages and we present PC1/3 as an important regulator of vesicle trafficking and secretion in macrophages.
Effect of Test Parameters on the Friction Behaviour of Anodized Aluminium Alloy

The tribological behaviour of anodic oxide layer formed on Al5754, used in automotive applications, was investigated against test parameters. The friction coefficient under different normal loads, sliding speeds, and oxide thicknesses was studied using a pin on disc tribometer. Results show that the increase of load and sliding speed increase the friction coefficient. The rise of contact pressure and temperature seems to cause changes in wear mechanism. Glow-discharge optical emission spectroscopy (GDOES) was used to investigate the chemical composition of the oxide layer. Morphology and composition of the wear tracks were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). On the basis of these characterization techniques, a wear mechanism was proposed. The observed mechanical properties can be related to the morphology and the chemical composition of the layer.
How Do Suppliers Benefit from Information Technology Use in Supply Chain Relationships?

Supply chain management systems (SCMS) championed by network leaders in their supplier networks are now ubiquitous. While prior studies have examined the benefits to network leaders from these systems, little attention has been paid to the benefits to supplier firms. This study draws from organizational theories of learning and action and transaction cost theory to propose a model relating suppliers' use of SCMS to benefits. It proposes that two patterns of SCMS use by suppliers-exploitation and exploration-create contexts for suppliers to make relationship-specific investments in business processes and domain knowledge. These, in turn, enable suppliers to both create value and retain a portion of the value created by the use of these systems in interfirm relationships. Data from 131 suppliers using an SCMS implemented by one large retailer support hypotheses that relationship-specific intangible investments play a mediating role linking SCMS use to benefits. Evidence that patterns of information technology use are significant determinants of relationship-specific investments in business processes and domain expertise provides a finer-grained explanation of the logic of IT-enabled electronic integration. The results support the vendors-to-partners thesis that IT deployments in supply chains lead to closer buyer-supplier relationships (Bakos and Brynjyolfsson 1993). The results also suggest the complementarity of the transaction-cost and resource-based views, elaborating the logic by which specialized assets can also be strategic assets.
Detachment folding in the Southwestern Tian Shan – Tarim foreland , China : shortening estimates and rates

Geologic observations of the Chinese Tian Shan foreland reveal active, contractional deformation along the entire margin. To quantify the amount of shortening and understand the structural style, we mapped the stratigraphy and structure of four folds expressed at the western end of the foreland, north of Kashi. In this region, upper Tertiary through Quaternary sediments are conformable, but an abrupt transition from parallel to unconformable bedding in the uppermost strata suggests a transition from pre-fold strata to strata deposited on a growing fold. The folds have very steep (60–908) limbs and are box-like to isoclinal, suggestive of detachment folding. Total north–south shortening across the center of the region is . 9 km, of which 5–7 km occurred in the Kashi–Atushi fold system. Shortening estimates determined with excess area methods for individual folds decrease from a maximum of 6.8 km in the northwest to a minimum of 0.7 km in the southeast. Timing derived from a paleomagnetic study shows that the transition to syn-folding strata occurred ,1.2 Ma in the middle of the study area, resulting in an average shortening rate for the Kashi–Atushi fold system of ,5 mm/yr if folding was coeval. The shortening rate is high compared with foreland deformation east of the study area, suggesting that the regional stresses or response of the foreland stratigraphy are unique to the Kashi–Atushi fold system kinematics. q 2004 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Links Between Markov Models and Multilayer Perceptrons

The statistical use of a particular classic form of a connectionist system, the multilayer perceptron (MLP), is described in the context of the recognition of continuous speech. A discriminant hidden Markov model (HMM) is defined, and it is shown how a particular MLP with contextual and extra feedback input units can be considered as a general form of such a Markov model. A link between these discriminant HMMs, trained along the Viterbi algorithm, and any other approach based on least mean square minimization of an error function (LMSE) is established. It is shown theoretically and experimentally that the outputs of the MLP (when trained along the LMSE or the entropy criterion) approximate the probability distribution over output classes conditioned on the input, i.e. the maximum a posteriori probabilities. Results of a series of speech recognition experiments are reported. The possibility of embedding MLP into HMM is described. Relations with other recurrent networks are also explained. >
Skilled Migration: The Perspective of Developing Countries

This chapter focuses on the effects of skilled migration on developing countries. We first present new evidence on the magnitude of the “brain drain” at the international level. Using a stylized model of education investment in a contest of migration, we then survey the theoretical and empirical brain drain literature in a unified framework. Finally we use a particular specification of the model to discuss a number of policy issues from the perspective of developing countries