Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating models of working memory: FMRI and behavioral evidence on the effects of concurrent irrelevant information

FMRI and behavioral methods were used to examine working memory impairments resulting from articulatory suppression, irrelevant speech, and irrelevant nonspeech. While the deleterious effects of these three irrelevant information types are well established in the behavioral literature, theoretical models provide conflicting accounts of the origins of these effects. To adjudicate between these accounts, two experiments were conducted. Experiment 1 examined fMRI signal changes in a delayed probed recall task with articulatory suppression, irrelevant speech, or irrelevant nonspeech imposed during the encoding and delay periods. Within the principally frontal and left-lateralized network of brain regions engaged by the task, articulatory suppression caused a relative increase in activity early in the trial, while both irrelevant speech and nonspeech conditions caused relative reductions in regional activity later in the trial. In a subsequent behavioral experiment (Experiment 2), the specific timing of interference was manipulated to further explore apparent differences in the temporal specificity of the effects. Subjects performed a delayed serial recall task while irrelevant information was imposed during specific trial stages: encoding, delay, or recall. Articulatory suppression was found to be most effectual when it coincided with item encoding, while both irrelevant speech and irrelevant nonspeech were most effectual when presented during the post-presentation delay. Taken together, these experiments provide convergent evidence for a dissociation of articulatory suppression from the two irrelevant sound conditions, but suggest that the effects of irrelevant speech and irrelevant nonspeech are functionally equivalent. This pattern of dissociation is predicted by the Embedded-Processes model (Cowan, 1995), but proves challenging to explain in the context of alternative theories.
DISTINGUISHING CONTROL FROM LEARNING IN TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT: A CONTINGENCY PERSPECTIVE

The singular emphasis on control that has characterized traditional approaches to total quality management (TQM) implementation are not well suited to conditions of high task uncertainty, a limitation that has not been recognized in the popular TQM movement. Although the fundamental precepts advocated by founders of the quality movement can accommodate conditions of high uncertainty, the way that these basic TQM precepts have been articulated, extended, and applied has not reflected the distinct, learning-oriented requirements associated with higher levels of uncertainty. A broader, more theory-driven perspective on TQM is proposed to clearly distinguish control from learning goals and, thus, to begin to address limitations in the way TQM has been conceptualized and applied in the past.
Succession Narratives in Family Business: The Case of Alessi

One of the most significant challenges facing family firms is how to successfully manage succession from one generation of leaders to the next. In this paper, we contribute to existing understandings of this complex and difficult process by exploring how successors use family business succession narratives to legitimate their succession. Building on a case study of Alessi, a family–owned Italian design firm, we draw on the literature on organizational narratives to develop a framework for understanding family business succession narratives and present a typology of some of the narrative strategies that can be used during succession. We conclude with a discussion of the theoretical and practical ramifications of a narrative view of succession in family firms.
A framework for usable and secure system design

Despite existing work on dealing with security and usability concerns during the early stages of design, there has been little work on synthesising the contributions of these fields into processes for specifying and designing systems. Without a better understanding of how to deal with both concerns at an early stage, the design process risks disenfranchising stakeholders, and resulting systems may not be situated in their contexts of use. The research problem this thesis addresses is how techniques and tools can be integrated and improved to support the design of usable and secure systems. To develop this understanding, we present IRIS (Integrating Requirements and Information Security) --- a framework for specifying usable and secure systems. IRIS considers the system design process from three different perspectives --- Usability, Security, and Requirements --- and guides the selection of techniques towards integrative Security, Usability, and Requirements Engineering processes. This thesis claims that IRIS is an exemplar for integrating existing techniques and tools towards the design of usable and secure systems. In particular, IRIS makes three significant contributions towards the stated research problem. First, a conceptual model for usable secure Requirements Engineering is presented, upon which the IRIS framework is founded; this meta-model informs changes to elicitation and specification techniques for improved interoperability in the design process. Second, several characteristics of tool-support needed to elicit and specify usable and secure systems are introduced; the CAIRIS (Computer Aided Integration of Requirements and Information Security) software tool is presented to illustrate how these characteristics can be embodied. Third, we describe how the results of applying IRIS can be used to improve the design of existing User-Centered Design techniques for secure systems design. We validate the thesis by applying the IRIS framework to three case studies. In the first, IRIS is used to specify requirements for a software repository used by a UK water company. In the second, IRIS is used to specify security requirements for a meta-data repository supporting the sharing of medical research data. In the final case study, IRIS is used to analyse a proposed security policy at a UK water company, and identify missing policy requirements. In each case study, IRIS is applied within the context of an Action Research intervention, where findings and lessons from one case study are fed into the action plan of the next.
Location and type of mutation in the LIS1 gene do not predict phenotypic severity

Background: Lissencephaly is a neuronal migration disorder leading to absent or reduced gyration and a broadened but poorly organized cortex. The most common form of lissencephaly is isolated, referred as classic or type 1 lissencephaly. Type 1 lissencephaly is mostly associated with a heterozygous deletion of the entire LIS1 gene, whereas intragenic heterozygous LIS1 mutations or hemizygous DCX mutations in males are less common. Methods: Eighteen unrelated patients with type 1 lissencephaly were clinically and genetically assessed. In addition, patients with subcortical band heterotopia (n = 1) or lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia (n = 2) were included. Results: Fourteen new and seven previously described LIS1 mutations were identified. We observed nine truncating mutations (nonsense, n = 2; frameshift, n = 7), six splice site mutations, five missense mutations, and one in-frame deletion. Somatic mosaicism was assumed in three patients with partial subcortical band heterotopia in the occipital-parietal lobes or mild pachygyria. We report three mutations in exon 11, including a frameshift which extends the LIS1 protein, leading to type 1 lissencephaly and illustrating the functional importance of the WD domains at the C terminus. Furthermore, we present two patients with novel LIS1 mutations in exon 10 associated with lissencephaly with cerebellar hypoplasia type a. Conclusion: In contrast to previous reports, our data suggest that neither type nor position of intragenic mutations in the LIS1 gene allows an unambiguous prediction of the phenotypic severity. Furthermore, patients presenting with mild cerebral malformations such as subcortical band heterotopia or cerebellar hypoplasia should be considered for genetic analysis of the LIS1 gene.
The Development and Validation of the Computer Apathy and Anxiety Scale

A new computer attitudes scale entitled The Computer Apathy and Anxiety Scale is presented. The scale is shown to have a stable factor structure, and consists of three subscales, interpreted as Computer Apathy, Computer Anxiety, and Societal Overemphasis of Computers. The first of these reflects a behavioral component, the second an affective component and the third a cognitive component. It is argued that the constructs of computer apathy and anxiety are highly related, but distinct. Possible uses of the scale are discussed in the context of a brief review of the literature on computer anxiety and computer dependency, the emphasis being on gender-related issues.
The Effect of Reading Anxiety and Motivation on EFL Learners’ Choice of Reading Strategies

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between reading anxiety and motivation, and the effect of reading anxiety and motivation level on the choice of global, supportive and problem solving reading strategies. To this end, 120 EFL female preuniversity students were given three questionnaires: FLRAS, SORS, and AMQ. The findings showed a significant low positive relationship between reading anxiety and motivation. It was also found that motivation level influences EFL learners’ choice of reading strategies. However, no statistically significant differences were found among the effects of reading anxiety levels on the choice of reading strategies.
Integrated Systems and Technologies Optical Metabolic Imaging Identi fi es Glycolytic Levels , Subtypes , and Early-Treatment Response in Breast Cancer

Abnormal cellular metabolism is a hallmark of cancer, yet there is an absence of quantitative methods to dynamically image this powerful cellular function. Optical metabolic imaging (OMI) is a noninvasive, highresolution, quantitative tool for monitoring cellular metabolism. OMI probes the fluorescence intensities and lifetimes of the autofluorescent metabolic coenzymes reduced NADH and flavin adenine dinucleotide. We confirm that OMI correlates with cellular glycolytic levels across a panel of human breast cell lines using standard assays of cellular rates of glucose uptake and lactate secretion (P < 0.05, r 1⁄4 0.89). In addition, OMI resolves differences in the basal metabolic activity of untransformed from malignant breast cells (P < 0.05) and between breast cancer subtypes (P < 0.05), defined by estrogen receptor and/or HER2 expression or absence. In vivoOMI is sensitive to metabolic changes induced by inhibition of HER2 with the antibody trastuzumab (herceptin) in HER2-overexpressing human breast cancer xenografts in mice. This response was confirmed with tumor growth curves and stains for Ki67 and cleaved caspase-3. OMI resolved trastuzumab-induced changes in cellular metabolism in vivo as early as 48 hours posttreatment (P < 0.05), whereas fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography did not resolve any changes with trastuzumab up to 12 days posttreatment (P > 0.05). In addition, OMI resolved cellular subpopulations of differing response in vivo that are critical for investigating drug resistance mechanisms. Importantly, OMI endpoints remained unchanged with trastuzumab treatment in trastuzumabresistant xenografts (P > 0.05). OMI has significant implications for rapid cellular-level assessment of metabolic response to molecular expression and drug action, which would greatly accelerate drug development studies. Cancer Res; 73(20); 6164–74. 2013 AACR.
Race Differences in Intergenerational Financial Assistance

Recent studies consistently report that Whites are more likely than African Americans to receive economic assistance from their families. Explanations of why Whites receive more assistance, however, have not been adequately explored. The current research hypothesizes that financial transfers from parents to adult children are guided by both the needs of children and the resources of their parents. Yet, the majority of prior research has considered the characteristics of only one end of the transfer flow—either the giver or the receiver, but not both. When both needs and resources are taken into account, and when family structure is adequately controlled, it is expected that race differences in the receipt of financial assistance will be reduced or eliminated. Probit models are used to examine the probability of receiving assistance, and a censored regression tobit model examines the amount received.
Anxiety and EFL: does multilingualism matter?

The current study is motivated by the gap in the current literature about foreign language classroom anxiety, namely the underlying construct of FL anxiety with regard to the understudied relationship between anxiety, proficiency, and multilingualism. The evidence for the effect of language anxiety on achievement is well-documented. More recently, there has been evidence that anxiety is inversely proportional to the number of languages studied; however, this notion of the relationship between multilingualism and anxiety is under-researched. This study analyzes the anxiety profiles of low-level multilingual (LLM) versus high-level multilingual (HLM) learners of English, using 123 EFL college students in Korea. The participants completed the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS); a factor analysis, and subsequently discriminant function analyses show the differences in language learning anxiety from a variety of perspectives. An intriguing new factor emerged from the data: fear of ambiguity in English, a factor which has previously not been discussed in the language anxiety research. Additionally, the English language anxiety profiles of the LLM versus the HLM participants were also distinct, answering the question of the effect of various levels of multilingualism on language learning anxiety.
Intimidating Buildings

This study tested the hypothesis that courthouse architecture may affect the feelings of hypothetical users as well as their estimates of likelihood of conviction. Participants (N = 120) from Northern Italy were asked to imagine a hypothetical trial to which they accompanied a wrongly accused friend; the trial either took place in a medieval or in a modern “high-style” courthouse. Compared to the old courthouse, the modern courthouse elicited significantly greater discomfort in participants already familiar with the respective building. Regardless of familiarity, participants estimated a greater likelihood that the friend would be convicted when the trial took place in the new building. Although the two courthouses were judged equally attractive on general dimensions of aesthetics, the new one was judged as more intimidating. Links between architectural features and social-cognitive processes are discussed.
Energy taxation and renewable energy: Testing for incentives, framing effects and perceptions of justice in experimental settings

This paper presents an experimental investigation of individual preferences for the consumption of green electricity under alternative payment vehicles for the promotion of renewables. The experimental design involves individual choice treatments as well as public choice treatments. We study differences in subjectspsila demand behaviour for green electricity with respect to free-riding, crowding-out effects and some other behavioral effects such as fiscal illusion. Our data highlight the large extent of free-riding in the private provision of the public good ldquoenvironmental qualityrdquo. Under the public choice treatments, subjects are willing to pay far higher contributions to green electricity than under the individual choice treatments. Moreover, regression analysis shows the sensitivity of average WTP to some subjective fiscal variables and identifies crowding-in as well as crowding-out effects. The conclusion can be drawn that individuals prefer binding collective contributions rather than individual market-driven activities in this field.
Interpersonal competence configurations and peer relations in early elementary classrooms: Perceived popular and unpopular aggressive subtypes

Social relations of second grade students (247 boys, 290 girls) were examined in rural elementary classrooms. Cluster analysis of teacher ratings was used to identify interpersonal competence configurations including perceived unpopular-aggressive (i.e., Troubled ) and perceived popular-aggressive (i.e., Tough) subtypes for both boys and girls. Troubled children tended to have rejected status and were more likely to be either socially isolated or members of peer groups that did not contain popular classmates. Tough children were perceived by peers as being socially prominent (i.e., popular, cool, leaders) and they tended to associate with perceived popular peers. Tough boys had elevated levels of rejected or controversial sociometric status while Tough girls were distributed at expected levels across sociometric status classifications. The implications for intervention are discussed.
Ritual associated with participation in physical education

Physical education (PE) is steeped in history, tradition and ritual. The accepted tradition of excuse notes allowing pupils to self-exempt from lessons is one such ritual associated with the subject in schools. This paper explores the impact of this phenomenon, focusing on participation and engagement levels within PE lessons. Data was collected over a five-year period, through the use of surveys, focus group interviews, field-notes, brief case studies and analysis of documentation including excuse notes. Participants included parents, PE teachers, trainee teachers and pupils from across 10 UK secondary schools (age range 11–18) situated in the east of England. Grounded theory methodology informed an emergent model highlighting that ritual associated with excuse notes served to facilitate non-participation in PE. The notion of power as a theoretical construct emerged as a result of constant comparison between the testimonies of the parents, pupils, teachers and trainee teachers, highlighting the seemingly ‘agreed acceptance’ of excuse notes by those key stakeholders involved in pupil participation. It is perceived that the policy of excuse notes attributes power to parents and pupils to self-exempt from participating in PE. Parents will provide an excuse note for their child if they do not believe PE holds much value. The condoning of pupil self-exemption by parents is influenced by their values towards PE, embedded by their own school experiences and dispositions. Whilst acknowledging the value of the use of a note to communicate issues associated with health and physical wellbeing, the paper suggests that one solution is to re-position the perceived authority afforded the excuse note, in order to facilitate positive attitudes towards greater participation in lessons. The adoption of an alternate policy at a micro level, that requires pupils to change into PE kit even if they have a note, can foster an inclusive learning climate in which all pupils will have the opportunity to learn to enjoy being active, whether as a performer, coach or official. A fully inclusive model of participation, supported by parental education on the types of learning opportunities within lessons, may contribute to PE becoming viewed as an inherent part of a child’s day at school and not as a subject that a pupil can easily self-exempt from participating in a lesson.
Age‐adjusted Charlson comorbidity score is associated with treatment decisions and clinical outcomes for patients undergoing radical cystectomy for bladder cancer

By using the age‐adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI), the authors characterized the impact of age and comorbidity on disease progression and overall survival after radical cystectomy (RC) for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. Also evaluated was whether ACCI was associated with clinicopathologic and treatment characteristics.
Effects of Associating with Musical Genres on Heterosexual Attraction

Male and female college undergraduates estimated numerous behavioral traits and evaluated the desirability of a potential heterosexual date. Following videodating conventions, the date provided information about her-or himself in a videotaped presentation. This presentation was manipulated. With other revelations about self held constant, the date disclosed her or his love of classical music, country music, soft rock, or heavy metal rock music. A musical preference was not articulated in a control condition. Disclosure of musical preference was found to influence heterosexual attraction as well as the perception and evaluation of pertinent traits. A date's devotion to country music was found to diminish attraction in respondents of both genders. In contrast, devotion to classical music and to heavy metal rock proved to be gender specific. Fascination with heavy metal rock greatly enhanced the appeal of men, but it proved detrimental to that of women. Adoration of classical music produced the reverse consequences. It tended to facilitate the appeal of women, but to diminish that of men. The effects of sharing musical preferences also proved to vary with gender. Men were more strongly attracted to women with whom they shared musical tastes than to women with whom they did not. The sharing of musical tastes had only a negligible effect on women's attraction to men, however.
DIGGING THE DIRT AND STAYING CLEAN

This article draws upon the authors' work on the global politics of world football and related studies of other sports and methodological issues, in order to argue for the retrieval of the investigative mode of sociological inquiry. In the context of a general critical interpretative framework, the gonzo style of Hunter S. Thompson and the investigative epistemology of Jack Douglas are evaluated and synthesized in a framework that challenges the assumptions of the standpoint epistemology position. Citing their unique fieldwork experiences researching FIFA (the governing body of world football), particularly in South Africa and France, they demonstrate the importance and persisting value of an investigative framework for any critical sociology of sport.
The Sacred and the Secular University

FOREWORD ix ACKNOWLEDGMENTS xiii INTRODUCTION BY JOHN F. WILSON 3 PART ONE: THE SCIENCES 17 CHAPTER ONE Religion, Science, and Higher Education 19 CHAPTER TWO The Emergence of the Human Sciences 43 CHAPTER THREE Knowledge and Inquiry in the Ascendant 61 PART TWO: THE HUMANITIES 73 CHAPTER FOUR The Triumph of the Humanities 75 CHAPTER FIVE The Boon and Bane of Specialization 83 CHAPTER SIX Two Ideals of Knowledge 95 CHAPTER SEVEN For and against Secularization 107 NOTES 123 INDEX 177
A Low-Profile Broadband 32-Slot Continuous Transverse Stub Array for Backhaul Applications in $E$ -Band

A high-gain, broadband, and low-profile continuous transverse stub antenna array is presented in E-band. This array comprises 32 long slots excited in parallel by a uniform corporate parallel-plate-waveguide beamforming network combined to a pillbox coupler. The radiating slots and the corporate feed network are built in aluminum whereas the pillbox coupler and its focal source are fabricated in printed circuit board technology. Specific transitions have been designed to combine both fabrication technologies. The design, fabrication, and measurement results are detailed, and a simple design methodology is proposed. The antenna is well matched ( $S_{11} < -13.6$ dB) between 71 and 86 GHz, and an excellent agreement is found between simulations and measurements, thus validating the proposed design. The antenna gain is higher than 29.3 dBi over the entire bandwidth, with a peak gain of 30.8 dBi at 82.25 GHz, and a beam having roughly the same half-power beamwidth in E- and H-planes. This antenna architecture is considered as an innovative solution for long-distance millimeter-waves telecommunication applications such as fifth-generation backhauling in E-band.