Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Maladaptive schemas in non‐clinical adolescents: relations to perceived parental rearing behaviours, Big Five personality factors and psychopathological symptoms

The current study examined Jeffrey Young's (1994) maladaptive schemas in a sample of 173 non-clinical adolescents aged between 12 and 15 years. Participants completed an age-downward version of the Young Schema Questionnaire as well as self-report scales to assess perceptions of parental rearing behaviours, personality traits and psychopathological symptoms. Results indicated that detrimental rearing behaviours were associated with the presence of maladaptive schemas. Further, the personality trait of neuroticism was positively related to a broad range of maladaptive schemas. Some evidence was found indicating that neuroticism and detrimental parental rearing behaviours both accounted for a unique proportion of the variance in distorted thinking patterns. Finally, maladaptive schemas were linked to various types of psychological symptoms, including symptoms of anxiety disorders, depression, disruptive behaviour, eating problems and substance use. Altogether, these findings are well in line with Young's theory and seem to warrant more research on maladaptive schemas in young people. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Perceived Educational Barriers, Cultural Fit, Coping Responses, and Psychological Well-Being of Latina Undergraduates

Given the unique educational experiences and disproportional representation of Latinas in higher education, this study examined how Latinas’ perception of educational barriers and cultural fit influenced their coping responses and subsequent well-being in college. Participants (N = 98) were primarily second-generation Mexican-heritage women who were highly motivated to pursue advanced graduate training. Differences by generation and educational characteristics were not found. Cultural congruity and the coping response of taking a planned, positive action were the strongest predictors of psychological well-being accounting for 31% of the variance. The study’s findings challenge stereo-types of Latina students in higher education, as they valued higher education, believed that they could overcome any barriers to achieve their educational goals, and used active coping responses, which informed their positive and healthy functioning.
Preadolescents’ gendered spiritual identities and self-regulation

Research suggests that self-control or self-regulation may play a role in the connections among spirituality, health, well-being, and social behavior. Within the framework of social-cognitive developmental theory, we explore the question of how do children and adolescents learn to think of themselves as gendered and spiritual beings within the context of social and self-relationships, and learn to have control over their mental and social worlds? Specifically, we discuss how educational and developmental research has furthered discourse about theory, methodology, and practice in spirituality, self-regulation and sociocognitive development. We argue that preadolescents’ understanding of themselves as gendered, spiritual beings is part of a complex, developmental process that is dynamic and co-constructed within a community of body, mind, and spirit. We conclude the discussion with future research questions to guide developmental and educational research with precise, conceptually sound definitions, respectful and accurate research methods, and meaningful dissemination.
Association between Single-Nucleotide Polymorphisms of the Tyrosine Kinase Receptor B (TrkB) and Post-Stroke Depression in China

Background Polymorphisms of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) have been investigated as candidate genes for post-stroke depression (PSD), and its receptor, neurotrophic tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB), has been associated with depression. However, no further data have yet reported the association between PSD and polymorphisms in TrkB. This study aims to investigate whether a relationship exists between TrkB polymorphisms and PSD. Methods A total of 312 depression patients (PSD patients) and 472 non-depression patient controls (NPSD patients) were recruited. All patients were evaluated using the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HAMD) to determine depression severity, and PSD patients were diagnosed in accordance with DSM-V criteria. Three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), namely, rs1187323, rs1212171, and rs1778929, in the TrkB gene were genotyped by high-resolution melt analysis. Results The SNP rs1778929 was significantly more associated with incident PSD in participants with the TT genotype than in those with CC (OR 0.482, 95% CI: 0.313–0.744). In terms of rs1187323, stroke was significantly more associated with incident depression in participants with the AC genotype than in those with AA (OR 0.500, 95% CI: 0.368–0.680). The minor allele (T) of rs1778929 (P = 0.024, OR = 0.725, 95% CI = 0.590–0.890) and the minor allele (C) of rs1187323 (P = 0.000, OR = 0.598, 95% CI = 0.466–0.767) were found to be significantly associated with PSD. Neither genotype nor allele frequencies of rs1212171 showed statistically significant differences between PSD and NPSD patients. Conclusions The results suggest that rs1778929 and rs1187323 in the TrkB gene are significantly associated with post-stroke depression in the Chinese population. Further studies are necessary to confirm our findings.
Antitrust in Innovative Industries

We study the effects of antitrust policy in industries with continual innovation. A more protective antitrust policy may have conflicting effects on innovation incentives, raising the profits of new entrants, but lowering those of continuing incumbents. We show that the direction of the net effect can be determined by analyzing shifts in innovation benefit and supply holding the innovation rate fixed. We apply this framework to analyze several specific antitrust policies. We show that in some cases, holding the innovation rate fixed, as suggested by our comparative statics results, the tension does not arise and a more protective policy necessarily raises the rate of innovation.
LA SÍLABA COMO UNIDAD DE ACTIVACIÓN LÉXICA EN LA LECTURA DE PALABRAS TRISÍLABAS

The syllable as an activational unit in reading trisyllabic words. Several experiments in Spanish have found that the frequency of syllables influences visual word recognition. Most of these studies have employed disyllabic words and pseudowords. In the present paper we manipulated the frequency of the three syllables in trisyllabic words (trisyllabic words are more representative of the word length in Spanish) and pseudowords. Three experiments were carried out using a lexical decision task and a temporal separation technique. The data showed that the syllable is a processing unit, also in long stimuli. In addition, our results supported an activational model incorporating a syllabic level and with sequential-type properties.
Pico and nanoplankton abundance and carbon stocks along the Brazilian Bight

Pico and nanoplankton communities from the Southwest Atlantic Ocean along the Brazilian Bight are poorly described. The hydrography in this region is dominated by a complex system of layered water masses, which includes the warm and oligotrophic Tropical Water (TW), the cold and nutrient rich South Atlantic Central Water (SACW) and the Coastal Water (CW), which have highly variable properties. In order to assess how pico- and nanoplankton communities are distributed in these different water masses, we determined by flow cytometry the abundance of heterotrophic bacteria, Prochlorococcus, Synechococcus and autotrophic pico and nanoeukaryotes along three transects, extending from 23°S to 31°S and 39°W to 49°W. Heterotrophic bacteria (including archaea, maximum of 1.5 × 106 cells mL−1) were most abundant in Coastal and Tropical Water whereas Prochlorococcus was most abundant in open-ocean oligotrophic waters (maximum of 300 × 103 cells mL−1). Synechococcus(up to 81 × 103 cells mL−1), as well as autotrophic pico and nanoeukaryotes seemed to benefit from the influx of nutrient-rich waters near the continental slope. Autotrophic pico and nanoeukaryotes were also abundant in deep chlorophyll maximum (DCM) layers from offshore waters, and their highest abundances were 20 × 103 cells mL−1 and 5 × 103 cells mL−1, respectively. These data are consistent with previous observations in other marine areas where Synechococcus and autotrophic eukaryotes dominate mesotrophic waters, whereas Prochlorococcus dominate in more oligotrophic areas. Regardless of the microbial community structure near the surface, the carbon stock dominance by autotrophic picoeukaryotes near the DCM is possibly linked to vertical mixing of oligotrophic surface waters with the nutrient-rich SACW and their tolerance to lower light levels.
Motivational traits and preferences for different instructional modes in science

In this paper, the development and validation of an instrument for determining students’ motivational traits are reported, together with some general results concerning these traits. The findings broadly confirm empirically the existence of the four motivational traits proposed by Adar (1969) that are attributable to students’ need to ‘achieve’, to ‘satisfy their curiosity’, to ‘discharge a duty’ and to ‘affiliate with people’.
Methods and Results in the IEA Studies of Effects of School on Learning

In this paper, I will first examine the methods used in analysis of school and home effects in three recently-published IEA studies-in science education (Comber & Keeves, 1973), in reading comprehension (Thorndike, 1973), and in literature (Purves, 1973). The results of this examination lead to measures of effects different from those used in these studies, or in other studies of school and home effects. Using these measures, I come to somewhat different conclusions than the authors do about the effects on achievement of variations in home and variations in schools. One's first response to the IEA publications must be one of amazement and respect: amazement that such a massive set of studies of cross-national achievement of children could be successfully carried out, and respect for those who have done so. It is important to record this first impression, because the studies constitute the best models in existence for cross-national research on social institutions and social behavior. This fact should not be lost in detailed comparisons, secondary analyses, and critiques of the three studies. With their publication, the comparative study of the functioning of different societies has made an important advance.
Perception of nursing care: Views of Saudi Arabian female nurses

Abstract ‘Values are principles and standards that have meaning and worth to an individual,family, group, or community’ (Purnell & Paulanka 1998: 3). Values are central to the care provided by nurses. The provision of nursing care within the context of value clarification, has been explored from various perspectives, however, as values vary within cultures, there is a limited range of studies reflecting on Saudi Arabian nurses' perspectives of nursing care. Through a Heideggerian phenomenological research design, six nurses were enrolled through purposive sampling. Semi-structured, in-depth interviews, which were audio tape-recorded, were chosen as the methods of data collection. A seven stage framework approach was applied to analyse and organise the research findings in three conceptual themes: values in context of Islam, the nurse-patient relationship, and identity’s influence on being in the world of nursing.The findings of the research indicate that values in nursing and the perception of care are closely linked to the Islamic values of the informants. However, one of the most challenging aspects emerging from this study is related to these nurses’ experiences related to the public’s negative perception of nursing as a profession for Saudi Arabian women.
Adult attachment and emotional control.

The connection between attachment style and affect regulation, proposed by attachment theorists, was explored in the context of long‐term dating relationships. Seventy‐two couples completed questionnaire measures of attachment (using a four‐group forced‐choice item, together with scales tapping Comfort with closeness, and Anxiety over relationships) and emotional control (in which subjects rated own and partner's control of anger, sadness, and anxiety, and the extent to which partners wanted them to control these emotions). Couples in which both partners endorsed insecure attachment styles (using the forced‐choice measure) reported greater emotional control than did couples with two secure partners. Data from the attachment scales also supported the link between insecure attachment and emotional control: Comfort with closeness was negatively related both to one's own emotional control and to perceptions that partners wanted subjects to control their sadness; Anxiety over relationships was associated with perceptions that partners controlled sadness and wanted subjects to control their anger and sadness. The link between insecure attachment and the control of negative emotion remained significant when the frequency of experiencing such emotion was controlled. The association between attachment dimensions and other responses to negative emotions was also explored, and was consistent with attachment theory.
mrp, a Multigene, Multifunctional Locus inBacillus subtilis with Roles in Resistance to Cholate and to Na+ and in pH Homeostasis

ABSTRACT A 5.9-kb region of the Bacillus subtilis chromosome is transcribed as a single transcript that is predicted to encode seven membrane-spanning proteins. Homologues of the first gene of this operon, for which the designation mrp (multiple resistance and pH adaptation) is proposed here, have been suggested to encode an Na+/H+ antiporter or a K+/H+ antiporter. In the present studies of theB. subtilis mrp operon, both polar and nonpolar mutations in mrpA were generated. Growth of these mutants was completely inhibited by concentrations of added Na+ as low as 0.3 M at pH 7.0 and 0.03 M at pH 8.3; there was no comparable inhibition by added K+. A null mutant that was constructed by full replacement of the mrp operon was even more Na+ sensitive. A double mutant with mutations in both mrpA and the multifunctional antiporter-encodingtetA(L) gene was no more sensitive than themrpA mutants to Na+, consistent with a major role for mrpA in Na+ resistance. Expression of mrpA from an inducible promoter, upon insertion into the amyE locus, restored significant Na+ resistance in both the polar and nonpolarmrpA mutants but did not restore resistance in the null mutant. The mrpA disruption also resulted in an impairment of cytoplasmic pH regulation upon a sudden shift in external pH from 7.5 to 8.5 in the presence of Na+ and, to some extent, K+ in the range from 10 to 25 mM. By contrast, themrpA tetA(L) double mutant, like the tetA(L) single mutant, completely lost its capacity for both Na+- and K+-dependent cytoplasmic pH regulation upon this kind of shift at cation concentrations ranging from 10 to 100 mM; thus, tetA(L) has a more pronounced involvement thanmrpA in pH regulation. Measurements of Na+efflux from the wild-type strain, the nonpolar mrpA mutant, and the complemented mutant indicated that inducible expression ofmrpA increased the rate of protonophore- and cyanide-sensitive Na+ efflux over that in the wild-type in cells preloaded with 5 mM Na+. The mrpA and null mutants showed no such efflux in that concentration range. This is consistent with MrpA encoding a secondary, proton motive force-energized Na+/H+ antiporter. Studies of a polar mutant that leads to loss of mrpFG and its complementation in trans by mrpF ormrpFG support a role for MrpF as an efflux system for Na+ and cholate. Part of the Na+ efflux capacity of the whole mrp operon products is attributable to mrpF. Neither mrpF nor mrpFGexpression in trans enhanced the cholate or Na+resistance of the null mutant. Thus, one or more other mrpgene products must be present, but not at stoichiometric levels, for stability, assembly, or function of both MrpF and MrpA expressed intrans. Also, phenotypic differences among themrp mutants suggest that functions in addition to Na+ and cholate resistance and pH homeostasis will be found among the remaining mrp genes.
Living in two worlds: First Nations women leaders' perspectives on cultural continuity, cultural identity, and youth

This research project explores the relation between the participation of First Nations women in local governance and the well-being of First Nations youth. To explore this relation, semi-structured interviews were carried out with eleven First Nations women leaders. Special attention was paid to how these women conceptualized their relationships with youth and the differing approaches the women took to connect youth with their culture. The research aimed to identify: (1) the historical, social, and cultural influences that supported or challenged these women’s participation in government and their ability to influence youth; (2) how the women’s interest in the well-being of youth was influenced by their gender, family, and cultural roles; and (3) how these women described their contributions to the health and well-being of youth. Results point to four main themes that underpin the women’s activities as they relate to youth health and wellbeing: Identity, Relationships, Living in Two Worlds, and Holistic Caregivers.
PENYULUHAN DENGAN MEDIA AUDIO VISUAL DAN KONVENSIONAL TERHADAP PENGETAHUAN IBU ANAK BALITA

Intervensi penyuluhan dengan media audio visual merupakan salah satu metode yang dapat dilakukan sebagai upaya untuk merangsang masyarakat terutama keluarga (yaitu ibu rumah tangga) agar mampu menjadi inovator di lingkungan rumah tangganya sendiri. Audio visual merupakan alat bantu yang paling tepat saat ini. Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh penyuluhan dengan media Audio Visual dan konvensional terhadap pengetahuan ibu anak Balita yang tidak naik berat badannya di Wilayah Puskesmas Penimbung Kabupaten Lombok Barat. enelitian dilakukan di Wilayah kerja Puskesmas Penimbung yaitu Desa Dopang dan Desa Gelangsar selama kurang lebih 6 bulan, yaitu pada bulan Juni-November 2012. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan eksperimen sesungguhnya (true experimental design) dengan rancangan pretest-postest with control group design. Jumlah populasi adalah sebanyak 91 orang dengan sampel 60 rang. Data diolah dengan menggunakan analisis statistik Independent Sample t Test dan Paired Sample t Test. Tidak terdapat perbedaan rata-rata pengetahuan ibu Balita (post test) setelah dilakukan penyuluhan dengan media AV dan konvensional. Terdapat perbedaan rata-rata pengetahuan ibu Balita (post test) setelah dilakukan penyuluhan dengan media AV dengan kelompok kontrol. Terdapat pengaruh peningkatan rata-rata pengetahuan ibu Balita antara sebelum penyuluhan dengan setelah penyuluhan baik pada kelompok penyuluhan dengan media AV maupun media konvensional. Consultation intervention using audio-visual media is one of the methods that can be car-ried out as an effort to enhance the society especially family (i.e. housewife) to be able to play the role as an innovator in her own household. Audio-visual is the best assistive tool nowadays. Objective of this research is to know the influence of consultations using audio-visual and conventional media on the knowledge of mothers having toddlers with non-rising weight in Penimbung Public Heath Center's operational area, West Lombok Regency. The research was carried out in Penimbung Public Health Center's operational area i.e. Dopang Village and Gelangsar Village in approximately 6 months, from June to November 2012. This research applied the true experimental design using pretest-posttest with control group design. The population number was 91 subjects and the samples were 60 subjects. Data was processed using the Independent Sample t-Test and Paired Sample t-Test statisti-cal analysis. There was no difference in the knowledge average of mothers (posttest) after consultations using audio-visual and conventional media were conducted. There was a dif-ference in the knowledge average of mothers (posttest) after audio-visual consultation was conducted in the control group. There was an influence seen in the increase of knowledge average of mothers when compared before and after the consultations have been conducted, both in the consultation groups using audio-visual and conventional media.
Teaching composing in secondary school: a case study analysis

This article reports a case study of an experienced teacher of composing working with secondary school students in a large urban centre in Ontario, Canada. Results suggest authentic assignments connect student composing to the ‘real world’, and so have meaning and life beyond the music classroom. Teachers can facilitate the development of theoretical music knowledge by supporting and enhancing the experiential learning that students accomplish on their own, through composing. Offering suggestions for change to compositions-in-progress, and cultivating a classroom ethos where students exchange this service amongst themselves, serves to enhance composing potential. By helping students infuse their work with personal knowledge, experiences, and interests, teachers can increase students’ meaningful involvement in classroom composing.
Diarrhea associated with ingestion of Zygophyllum coccineum (tartir) in camels in the Al-Najaf desert in Iraq.

Zygophyllum coccineum is a common plant found in areas of the Eastern (Arabian) Desert. It is rich in saponins, and its extracts have a variety of pharmacological actions, including acting as a diuretic and antipyretic. After several years of drought, during which many forbs and shrubs disappeared, heavy rains in 2012 and 2013 resulted in profuse growth of Z. coccineum (called “tartir” in Arabic). Field outbreaks of diarrhea in camels due to ingestion of Z. coccineum were reported in the Al-Najaf desert in Iraq. The clinical signs observed in the field cases resembled those reproduced in experimental rats and were consistent with acute diarrhea due to poisoning. Relocation of the camels to a different grazing area led to remission of the clinical signs.
Enchanting bureaucracy: Symbolic violence and the (re)production of charismatic authority in a police apparatus

This article dissects the role of culture in securing authority relations within a militarized police apparatus. Adding structure and power to the symbolic interactionist approach to organizational culture and interests and positionality to the structural functionalist perspective on militarized organizations, the author examines how, through the preservation and imposition of a sacralized worldview and morality (symbolic violence), police officers – the commanding caste of a two-tiered type of police organization – manage to charismatically legitimate the internal distribution of authority and its exercise in the relations between commanding officers and the non-commissioned officers, turning sheer bureaucratic authority into charismatic power (symbolic power). The author draws on ethnographic observations, interview data, and a structural-semantic analysis to reconstruct the system of beliefs involved and to describe the practices and mechanisms through which intra-bureaucratic domination is charismatically legitimated and made effective. These processes are examined both in everyday relations of command and in the extraordinary event of a police mutiny.