Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
State of the Art on Functional Virgin Olive Oils Enriched with Bioactive Compounds and Their Properties

Virgin olive oil, the main fat of the Mediterranean diet, is per se considered as a functional food—as stated by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)—due to its content in healthy compounds. The daily intake of endogenous bioactive phenolics from virgin olive oil is variable due to the influence of multiple agronomic and technological factors. Thus, a good strategy to ensure an optimal intake of polyphenols through habitual diet would be to produce enriched virgin olive oil with well-known bioactive polyphenols. Different sources of natural biological active substances can be potentially used to enrich virgin olive oil (e.g., raw materials derived from the same olive tree, mainly olive leaves and pomaces, and/or other compounds from plants and vegetables, mainly herbs and spices). The development of these functional olive oils may help in prevention of chronic diseases (such as cardiovascular diseases, immune frailty, ageing disorders and degenerative diseases) and improving the quality of life for many consumers reducing health care costs. In the present review, the most relevant scientific information related to the development of enriched virgin olive oil and their positive human health effects has been collected and discussed.
The Neurorestorative Benefit of GW3965 Treatment of Stroke in Mice

Background and Purpose— GW3965, a synthetic liver X receptor agonist, elevates high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and has antiatherosclerosis and anti-inflammation properties. We tested the hypothesis that GW3965 treatment of stroke increases vascular remodeling, promotes synaptic protein expression and axonal growth in the ischemic brain, and improves functional outcome in mice. Methods— Mice were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion and treated without or with different doses of GW3965 (5, 10, or 20 mg/kg) starting 24 hours after middle cerebral artery occlusion daily for 14 days. Neurological functional tests, blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol measurement, and immunostaining were performed. Mouse brain endothelial cells, primary cultured artery explants, and primary cortical neurons cultures were also used in vitro. Results— GW3965 treatment of stroke significantly increased blood high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, synaptic protein expression, axonal density, angiogenesis and arteriogenesis, and Angiopoietin1, Tie2, and occludin expression in the ischemic brain and improved functional outcome compared with middle cerebral artery occlusion control animals (n=10; P<0.05). In vitro, GW3965 and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol also significantly increased capillary-like tube formation and artery explant cell migration as well as neurite outgrowth. Inhibition of Angiopoietin-1 attenuated GW3965-induced tube-formation, artery cell migration, and neurite outgrowth (n=6 per group; P<0.05). Conclusions— These data indicate, for the first time, that GW3965 promotes synaptic protein expression and axonal growth and increases vascular remodeling, which may contribute to improvement of functional outcome after stroke. Increasing Angiopoietin-1/Tie2 signaling activity may play an important role in GW3965-induced brain plasticity and neurological recovery from stroke.
Pharmacokinetics of Amikacin and Cephalothin in Bedridden Elderly Patients

Abstract: The pharmacokinetics of amikacin (5.5 mg/kg intramuscularly) and cephalothin (1000 mg/body intravenously) in bedridden elderly patients were studied in comparison with those in healthy volunteers. The eliminations of amikacin and cephalothin from the plasma followed the course of a one‐compartment open model. For amikacin, five healthy volunteers, elimination rate constant Kel was 0.396 hr−1 biologic half‐life t½ was 1.80 hour, volume of distribution Vd was 0.201 l. /kg; in five bedridden elderly patients, Kel was 0.208 hr−1, t½ was 3.55 hours, Vd was 0.376 l. /kg. Cumulative renal excretion of amikacin in 8 hours was 44 per cent of the total dose in bedridden elderly patients and 69 per cent in healthy volunteers. For cephalothin, in seven healthy volunteers, Kel was 0.0353 min−1, t½ was 19.7 min, Vd was 0.176 l. /kg; in four bedridden elderly patients, Kel was 0.0127 min−1, t½ was 56.4 min, Vd was 0.283 l. /kg. Cumulative renal excretion of cephalothin reached a plateau by 4 hours of 40.8 per cent of the total dose in bedridden elderly patients and of 56.7 per cent in healthy volunteers. These results suggest that in bedridden elderly patients decreased renal excretion of amikacin and cephalothin is related to decreased renal function and an increased Vd.
Altered Cardiovascular Rhythmicity in Children With White Coat and Ambulatory Hypertension

Adults with ambulatory hypertension or white coat hypertension (WCH) display abnormal cardiovascular rhythms. We studied cardiovascular rhythms by Fourier analysis of 24-h ambulatory blood pressure (BP) measurement profiles in 129 hypertensive children, 54 children with WCH, and 146 age-, height-, and gender-matched healthy subjects. The day/night mean arterial pressure ratio was lower in hypertensive and patients with WCH compared with controls (1.13 versus 1.16 versus 1.21, respectively; p < 0.0001). Eighty-five percent of controls were dippers compared with 74% of WCH (n.s.) and 64% of patients with ambulatory hypertension (p < 0.0001). The prevalence of 24-h rhythms was similar among the groups, but prevalence of 12-h BP rhythms was increased in hypertensive (67%) and WCH (72%) compared with controls (51%, p < 0.0001). The amplitudes of the 24-, 8-, and 6-h BP rhythms were reduced in hypertensive and WCH compared with controls (p < 0.05). Hypertensive and patients with WCH displayed delayed 24-, 12-, 8-, 6-h acrophases in comparison with controls (p < 0.05). In conclusion, hypertensive children exhibit abnormal cardiovascular rhythmicity compared with controls, especially a higher prevalence of nondipping compared with normotensive children. Abnormalities in patients with WCH are intermediate between healthy children and patients with ambulatory hypertension.
Automatic text recognition for video indexing

Efficient indexing and retrieval of digital video is an important aspect of video databases. One powerful index for retrieval is the text appearing in them. It enables content- based browsing. We present our methods for automatic segmentation and recognition of text in digital videos. The algorithms we propose make use of typical characteristics of text in videos in order to enable and enhance segmentation and recognition performance. Especially the inter-frame dependencies of the characters provide new possibilities for their refinement. Then, a straightforward indexing and retrieval scheme is introduced. It is used in the experiments to demonstrate that the proposed text segmentation and text recognition algorithms are suitable for indexing and retrieval of relevant video scenes in and from a video data base. Our experimental results are very encouraging and suggest that these algorithms can be used in video retrieval applications as well as to recognize higher semantics in video.
Feminism, Inc.: Coming of Age in Girl Power Media Culture

Introduction: A Decade After Spice: Girl Power Media Culture in the New Millennium Coming of Age in Girl Power Media Culture: Decentering Media/Centering Girls 'Wanna Get Dirty'? : Determining Authentic Sexual Subjectivity The Cloaked Body: Narrating Self& Power Through Style 'It's like, it's hard': Independence, Motherhood, Careers and the Future 'If feminism is believing that women are humans, then I am a feminist': Girls Define Feminism
Detección precoz del deterioro cognitivo ligero de la tercera edad

Early detection of mild cognitive impairment in the aged. The data provided by this study are from the first evaluation of a sample of 140 subjects aged between 58 and 87 years carried out in the Autonomous Region of Madrid to detect early mild cognitive impairment (MCI). A description of the study methodology and design is accompanied by the results of the initial classification of the participants into healthy participants and participants with MCI. The latter were further classified as amnesic MCI, non-amnesic MCI, and mixed MCI, and the classification according to the psychometric criteria used was compared with the result of a cluster analysis performed on the standardized scores of the test battery. The results indicate that the MCI subgroups, contrary to their definition in the scientific literature, do not have clear limits.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Population genetics from 1966 to 2016

We describe the astonishing changes and progress that have occurred in the ﬁ eld of population genetics over the past 50 years, slightly longer than the time since the ﬁ rst Population Genetics Group (PGG) meeting in January 1968. We review the major questions and controversies that have preoccupied population geneticists during this time (and were often hotly debated at PGG meetings). We show how theoretical and empirical work has combined to generate a highly productive interaction involving successive developments in the ability to characterise variability at the molecular level, to apply mathematical models to the interpretation of the data and to use the results to answer biologically important questions, even in nonmodel organisms. We also describe the changes from a ﬁ eld that was largely dominated by UK and North American biologists to a much more international one (with the PGG meetings having made important contributions to the increased number of population geneticists in several European countries). Although we concentrate on the earlier history of the ﬁ eld, because developments in recent years are more familiar to most contemporary researchers, we end with a brief outline of topics in which new understanding is still actively developing.
Review of Teacher Involvement in the Applied Intervention Research for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders

This review examined the involvement of teachers in the intervention research for children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) from 1996 through February 2008. Forty-nine studies involving teachers of children with ASD were coded for different types of involvement. Findings are discussed in regards to three issues: (a) the manner in which teachers have been involved in autism research, (b) how teachers were trained to implement research based practices, and (c) teachers' perceptions of interventions (i.e. social validity). Results showed that teachers have been included in a variety of meaningful ways in recent research. However, our review also highlights the need for additional research regarding teachers' perceptions and training teachers to effectively implement research-based interventions.
Evaluating Word Order Recursively over Permutation-Forests

Automatically evaluating word order of MT system output at the sentence-level is challenging. At the sentence-level, ngram counts are rather sparse which makes it difficult to measure word order quality effectively using lexicalized units. Recent approaches abstract away from lexicalization by assigning a score to the permutation representing how word positions in system output move around relative to a reference translation. Metrics over permutations exist (e.g., Kendal tau or Spearman Rho) and have been shown to be useful in earlier work. However, none of the existing metrics over permutations groups word positions recursively into larger phrase-like blocks, which makes it difficult to account for long-distance reordering phenomena. In this paper we explore novel metrics computed over Permutation Forests (PEFs), packed charts of Permutation Trees (PETs), which are tree decompositions of a permutation into primitive ordering units. We empirically compare PEFs metric against five known reordering metrics on WMT13 data for ten language pairs. The PEFs metric shows better correlation with human ranking than the other metrics almost on all language pairs. None of the other metrics exhibits as stable behavior across language pairs.
The von Restorff Effect in Visual Object Recognition Memory in Humans and Monkeys: The Role of Frontal/Perirhinal Interaction

This study reports the development of a new, modified delayed matching to sample (DMS) visual recognition memory task that controls the relative novelty of test stimuli and can be used in human and nonhuman primates. We report findings from normal humans and unoperated monkeys, as well as three groups of operated monkeys. In the study phase of this modified paradigm, subjects studied lists of two-dimensional visual object stimuli. In the test phase each studied object was presented again, now paired with a new stimulus (a foil), and the subject had to choose the studied item. In some lists one study item (the novel or isolate item) and its associated foil differed from the others (the homogenous items) along one stimulus dimension (color). The critical experimental measure was the comparison of the visual object recognition error rates for isolate and homogenous test items. This task was initially administered to human subjects and unoperated monkeys. Error rates for both groups were reliably lower for isolate than for homogenous stimuli in the same list position (the von Restorff effect). The task was then administered to three groups of monkeys who had selective brain lesions. Monkeys with bilateral lesions of the amygdala and fornix, two structures that have been proposed to play a role in novelty and memory encoding, were similar to normal monkeys in their performance on this task. Two further groups with disconnection lesions of the perirhinal cortex and either the prefrontal cortex or the magnocellular mediodorsal thalamusshowed no evidence of a von Restorff effect. These findings are not consistent with previous proposals that the hippocampus and amygdala constitute a general novelty processing network. Instead, the results support an interaction between the perirhinal and frontal cortices in the processing of certain kinds of novel information that support visual object recognition memory.
The Surface Activity of Purified Ocular Mucin at the Air-Liquid Interface and Interactions With Meibomian Lipids

Purpose: Ocular mucins are thought to contribute to the stability of the tear film by reducing surface tension. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of different mucins and hyaluronic acid (HA) alone and mixed with meibomian lipids on the surface pressure at an air-liquid interface. Methods: A Langmuir trough and Wilhelmy balance were used to measure and compare the surface activity of bovine submaxillary gland mucin (BSM), purified BSM, purified bovine ocular mucin and HA, and mixtures of these with meibomian lipids, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylglycerol. Their appearance at the surface of an air-buffer interface was examined using epifluorescence microscopy. Results: Purified ocular mucin had no surface activity even at concentrations that were 100 times more than normally occur in tears. By contrast, commercial BSM caused changes to surface pressure that were concentration dependent. The surface pressure-area profiles showed surface activity with maximum surface pressures of 12.3-22.5 mN/m depending on the concentration. Purified BSM showed no surface activity at low concentrations, whereas higher concentrations reached a maximum surface pressure of 25 mN/m. HA showed no surface activity, at low or high concentrations. Epifluorescence showed that the mucins were located at the air-buffer interface and changed the appearance of lipid films. Conclusion: Purified bovine ocular mucin and HA have no surface activity. However, despite having no surface activity in their own right, ocular mucins are likely to be present at the surface of the tear film, where they cause an increase in surface pressure by causing a compression of the lipids (a reorganization of the lipids) and alter the viscoelastic properties at the surface.
Radio-quiet quasar environments at 0.5 < z < 0.8

We quantify the galaxy environments around a sample of 0.5<=z<=0.8 radio-quiet quasars using the amplitude of the spatial galaxy-quasar correlation function, Bgq. The quasars exist in a wide variety of environments; some sources are located in clusters as rich as Abell class 1-2 clusters, whereas others exist in environments comparable to the field. We find that, on average, the quasars prefer poorer clusters of ~Abell class 0, which suggests that quasars are biased tracers of mass compared with galaxies. The mean Bgq for the sample is found to be indistinguishable from the mean amplitude for a sample of radio-loud quasars matched in redshift and optical luminosity. These observations are consistent with recent studies of the hosts of radio-quiet quasars at low to intermediate redshifts, and suggest that the mechanism for the production of powerful radio jets in radio-loud quasars is controlled by processes deep within the active galactic nucleus itself, and is unrelated to the nature of the hosts or their environments.
The CEO Pay Slice

We investigate the relation between the CEO Pay Slice (CPS)--the fraction of the aggregate compensation of the top-five executive team captured by the Chief Executive Officer--and the value, performance, and behavior of public firms. The CPS could reflect the relative importance of the CEO as well as the extent to which the CEO is able to extracts rents. We find that, controlling for all standard controls, CPS is negatively associated with firm value as measured by industry-adjusted Tobin's q. CPS also has a rich set of relations with firms' behavior and performance. In particular, CPS is correlated with lower (industry-adjusted) accounting profitability, lower stock returns accompanying acquisitions announced by the firm and higher likelihood of a negative stock return accompanying such announcements, higher odds of the CEO receiving a lucky option grant at the lowest price of the month, lower performance sensitivity of CEO turnover, and lower stock market returns accompanying the filing of proxy statements for periods when CPS increases. Taken together, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that higher CPS is associated with agency problems and indicate that CPS can provide a useful tool for studying the performance and behavior of firms.
Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination in rheumatoid arthritis patients receiving tocilizumab therapy

Objectives We assessed the impact of tocilizumab (TCZ), a humanised monoclonal anti-interleukin-6 receptor antibody, on antibody response following administration of the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23). Methods A total of 190 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) received PPV23. Patients were classified into TCZ (n=50), TCZ + methotrexate (MTX) (n=54), MTX (n=62) and RA control (n=24) groups. We measured serotype-specific IgG concentrations of pneumococcal serotypes 6B and 23F using ELISA and functional antibody activity using a multiplexed opsonophagocytic killing assay, reported as the opsonisation indices (OIs), before and 4–6 weeks after vaccination. Positive antibody response was defined as a 2-fold or more increase in the IgG concentration or as a ≥10-fold or more increase in the OI. Results IgG concentrations and OIs were significantly increased in all treatment groups in response to vaccination. The TCZ group antibody response rates were comparable with those of the RA control group for each serotype. MTX had a negative impact on vaccine efficacy. Multivariate logistic analysis confirmed that TCZ is not associated with an inadequate antibody response to either serotype. No severe adverse effect was observed in any treatment group. Conclusions TCZ does not impair PPV23 immunogenicity in RA patients, whereas antibody responses may be reduced when TCZ is used as a combination therapy with MTX.
Iris claw phakic intraocular lens for high myopia.

BACKGROUND The implantation of a Worst-Fechner iris claw intraocular lens (IOL) is one of the surgical procedures used for the correction of high myopia. This technique reduces myopia with stable refractive results; however, its potential long-term risks have not been evaluated. We report results in 94 eyes with a minimum follow-up of 3 years. METHODS We studied 94 eyes of 62 patients with myopia > or = -7.00 diopters (D) who underwent Worst-Fechner IOL implantation. Lens decentration, permeability of the blood-aqueous barrier by iris angiography, and changes in corneal endothelial density were analyzed. RESULTS Mean follow-up time was 48.9 months (range 36 to 72 mo). Three years after surgery, 58 eyes (61%) had an uncorrected visual acuity > or = 20/40, and 77 eyes (82%) gained two or more lines of spectacle-corrected visual acuity with respect to the preoperative value; 75 eyes (79%) were within +/- 1.00 D of emmetropia and 46 eyes (48%) were within +/- 0.50 D of emmetropia. The mean endothelial cell loss was 17.9% at 5 years after surgery, while the percentage of hexagonality and the coefficient of cell variation tended toward preoperative levels. No vision threatening complications were seen. CONCLUSIONS The implantation of a Worst-Fechner iris claw phakic IOL reduced high myopia with a stable refractive outcome. Endothelial cell damage was within acceptable limits. The absence of major complications makes this procedure an acceptable method for correcting high myopia.
Experimental Joint Contracture Correction with Low Torque-Long Duration Repeated Stretching

Tension is necessary to maintain and restore the mechanical properties of soft connective tissues. Conversely, reduced tension states such as produced by immobilization weaken mechanical properties and facilitate joint contracture. We assessed the effect of low torque-long duration stretching to increase the range of motion (ROM) and to restore the mechanical properties of contracted joints in 66 rat knees immobilized for 40 days. After remobilization, we randomly divided the contracted knees into four treatment groups treated with repeated stretches of diverse torques and duration: stretching with low-torque and long-duration, high-torque and short-duration, high-torque and long-duration, low-torque and short duration. We included control and natural recovery groups. Phase lag in all treatment groups recovered to the same range as in the normal controls. Dynamic stiffness, which was not altered by joint immobilization, increased in all treatment groups. Deformation and load to failure improved substantially only in the low-torque and long-duration stretching group. Low-torque and long-duration repeated stretching leads to a greater restoration of ROM with more normal mechanical properties compared to high-torque and short duration stretching.