Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Falcon: on-line monitoring and steering of large-scale parallel programs

Falcon is a system for on-line monitoring and steering of large-scale parallel programs. The purpose of such program steering is to improve the application's performance or to affect its execution behavior. This paper presents the framework of the Falcon system and its implementation, and then evaluates the performance of the system. A complex sample application, a molecular dynamics simulation program (MD), is used to motivate the research as well as to measure the performance of the Falcon system. <<ETX>>
Image inpainting via Weighted Sparse Non-negative Matrix Factorization

This paper proposes a novel patch propagation inpainting algorithm based on Weighted Sparse Non-negative Matrix Factorization (WSNMF). Unlike existing methods, we cast the inpainting task as a sequential low-rank matrix recovery and completion problem, where the incomplete data matrix consists of the image patch to be inpainted and several similar intact candidate patches under the assumption that they can be described using a low-dimensional linear model. Besides, the non-negativity and sparsity constraints are enforced for the additive sparse linear combination. The WSNMF, based on the Expectation-Maximization (EM) procedure, is then introduced to predict missing values. Experimental results show that this approach exploits the available information from the source region more adequately and thus has capabilities to recover both structure and composite textures more effectively as well as preventing unwanted artifacts compared to current exemplar-based techniques.
Somatosensory cortex of prosimian Galagos: Physiological recording, cytoarchitecture, and corticocortical connections of anterior parietal cortex and cortex of the lateral sulcus

Compared with our growing understanding of the organization of somatosensory cortex in monkeys, little is known about prosimian primates, a major branch of primate evolution that diverged from anthropoid primates some 60 million years ago. Here we describe extensive results obtained from an African prosimian, Galago garnetti. Microelectrodes were used to record from large numbers of cortical sites in order to reveal regions of responsiveness to cutaneous stimuli and patterns of somatotopic organization. Injections of one to several distinguishable tracers were placed at physiologically identified sites in four different cortical areas to label corticortical connections. Both types of results were related to cortical architecture. Three systematic representations of cutaneous receptors were revealed by the microelectrode recordings, S1 proper or area 3b, S2, and the parietal ventral area (PV), as described in monkeys. Strips of cortex rostral (presumptive area 3a) and caudal (presumptive area 1–2) to area 3b responded poorly to tactile stimuli in anesthetized galagos, but connection patterns with area 3b indicated that parallel somatosensory representations exist in both of these regions. Area 3b also interconnected somatotopically with areas S2 and PV. Areas S2 and PV had connections with areas 3a, 3b, 1–2, each other, other regions of the lateral sulcus, motor cortex (M1), cingulate cortex, frontal cortex, orbital cortex, and inferior parietal cortex. Connection patterns and recordings provided evidence for several additional fields in the lateral sulcus, including a retroinsular area (Ri), a parietal rostral area (PR), and a ventral somatosensory area (VS). Galagos appear to have retained an ancestoral preprimate arrangement of five basic areas (S1 proper, 3a, 1–2, S2, and PV). Some of the additional areas suggested for lateral parietal cortex may be primate specializations. J. Comp. Neurol. 457:263–292, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Is a Functional Component of the Autonomous Circadian System in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus

The suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) is the master circadian pacemaker driving behavioral and physiological rhythms in mammals. Circadian activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase [MAPK; also known as ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase)] is observed in vivo in the SCN under constant darkness, although the biological significance of this remains unclear. To elucidate this question, we first examined whether MAPK was autonomously activated in ex vivo SCN slices. Moreover, we investigated the effect of MAPK inhibition on circadian clock gene expression and neuronal firing rhythms using SCN-slice culture systems. We show herein that MAPK is autonomously activated in the SCN, and our data demonstrate that inhibition of the MAPK activity results in dampened rhythms and reduced basal levels in circadian clock gene expression at the SCN single-neuron level. Furthermore, MAPK inhibition attenuates autonomous circadian neuronal firing rhythms in the SCN. Thus, our data suggest that light-independent MAPK activity contributes to the robustness of the SCN autonomous circadian system.
Model-Based Deep Hand Pose Estimation

Previous learning based hand pose estimation methods does not fully exploit the prior information in hand model geometry. Instead, they usually rely a separate model fitting step to generate valid hand poses. Such a post processing is inconvenient and sub-optimal. In this work, we propose a model based deep learning approach that adopts a forward kinematics based layer to ensure the geometric validity of estimated poses. For the first time, we show that embedding such a non-linear generative process in deep learning is feasible for hand pose estimation. Our approach is verified on challenging public datasets and achieves state-of-the-art performance.
The Haunting Question of Textual Agency: Derrida and Garfinkel on Iterability and Eventfulness

In this article, I propose to broaden and deepen the concept of agency by focusing on what is called textual agency, the capacity of texts to do things in specific settings, and from that analysis, I draw implications for the way one conceives of how interaction works. This concept is drawn from complementary elements in Derrida's (1988, 1994) and Garfinkel's (1967, 2002) work in which deconstruction shows that for order to be found in situ, for order to be endogenously produced, as ethnomethodology contends, it is also the product of a variety of sources beyond the scope of people's ethnomethods. People's ethnomethods are crucial and intractable aspects of this order, but they do not exhaust the variety of its sources.
Learning styles: self-reports versus thinking-aloud measures.

BACKGROUND Learning styles are often assessed through students' self-reports on instruments such as Vermunt's Inventory of Learning Styles (ILS). Recent research, however, has questioned the adequacy of questionnaires for the assessment of learning styles. AIMS The objective of this paper is to evaluate methods of learning style assessment as a means for identifying students at risk. Therefore, the ILS as a self-report instrument will be compared with the students' actual study processes, assessed through the thinking-aloud method. SAMPLE In the first study 1,060 students from the Technical University of Delft participated. Thirty-three of them were selected on the ILS for participation in the second study. METHOD The ILS was administered to the 1,060 participants and their study results (GPA and credit points) were collected. Next, the selected 33 participants studied a technical text while thinking aloud. Knowledge acquisition was measured by means of a post-test. Thinking-aloud protocols were analysed on frequencies of study activities, thus representing process measures of learning styles. RESULTS The ILS proved to be a rather weak predictor of study results in Study 1. Results from Study 2 show hardly any correspondence between ILS and study process measures, although principal component structures of both measures were highly similar. Furthermore, study process measures outweighed the ILS in the prediction of study results (post-test, GPA and credit points). CONCLUSIONS Learning style theory was confirmed by results on the study process measures. The assessment of learning styles through self-report instruments such as the ILS, however, should be reconsidered.
Assessing Sex Typing and Androgyny in Children: The Children's Sex Role Inventory.

A measure of sex typing and androgyny in children was developed based on the Bem Sex Role Inventory (BSRI; Bem, 1974). The Children's Sex Role Inventory (CSRI) was correlated with the BSRI in an adult sample to establish the equivalence of the two inventories for use in developmental research spanning middle childhood and adulthood. Ss were 145 third, fourth, sixth, and seventh graders, 130 of whom were tested 1 year later
Statistical Approaches for the Study of Cognitive and Brain Aging

Neuroimaging studies of cognitive and brain aging often yield massive datasets that create many analytic and statistical challenges. In this paper, we discuss and address several limitations in the existing work. (1) Linear models are often used to model the age effects on neuroimaging markers, which may be inadequate in capturing the potential nonlinear age effects. (2) Marginal correlations are often used in brain network analysis, which are not efficient in characterizing a complex brain network. (3) Due to the challenge of high-dimensionality, only a small subset of the regional neuroimaging markers is considered in a prediction model, which could miss important regional markers. To overcome those obstacles, we introduce several advanced statistical methods for analyzing data from cognitive and brain aging studies. Specifically, we introduce semiparametric models for modeling age effects, graphical models for brain network analysis, and penalized regression methods for selecting the most important markers in predicting cognitive outcomes. We illustrate these methods using the healthy aging data from the Active Brain Study.
Evaluating a scalable model for implementing electronic health records in resource-limited settings

Current models for implementing electronic health records (EHRs) in resource-limited settings may not be scalable because they fail to address human-resource and cost constraints. This paper describes an implementation model which relies on shared responsibility between local sites and an external three-pronged support infrastructure consisting of: (1) a national technical expertise center, (2) an implementer's community, and (3) a developer's community. This model was used to implement an open-source EHR in three Ugandan HIV-clinics. Pre-post time-motion study at one site revealed that Primary Care Providers spent a third less time in direct and indirect care of patients (p<0.001) and 40% more time on personal activities (p=0.09) after EHRs implementation. Time spent by previously enrolled patients with non-clinician staff fell by half (p=0.004) and with pharmacy by 63% (p<0.001). Surveyed providers were highly satisfied with the EHRs and its support infrastructure. This model offers a viable approach for broadly implementing EHRs in resource-limited settings.
Corporate Performance and CEO Turnover: The Role of Performance Expectations

We are grateful to Lynch, Jones, and Ryan, Inc. for use of the I/B/E/S data base and to Lawrence Brown, James Meindl, Jerry Newman, Gerald Salancik, participants in the Northeastern University Human Resources Management research seminar, and the ASQ reviewers for their valuable comments. We would also like to thank Linda Pike for her editorial insights. The authors are listed in alphabetical order. This paper proposes that the inconsistent findings in previous studies of the relationship between corporate performance and CEO turnover may be due to insufficient attention to the type of performance indicator used by the individuals responsible for making CEO turnover decisions, namely, the board of directors. We argue that the board develops expectations of corporate performance, which it then uses to judge the CEO's performance. The study reported here analyzes financial analysts' forecasts of corporate performance, as a surrogate for the expectations board members could be expected to have, and then examines the relationship of forecasts to turnover. The principal finding is that turnover occurs when reported annual earnings per share fall short of expectations. For a sample of 408 CEOs under the age of retirement, this measure of corporate performance is a predictor of CEO turnover, whereas mechanical algorithms of abnormal security returns and historical accounting ratios are not. '
How Chinese Children's Commercials Differ from Those of the United States: A Content Analysis

Abstract A content analysis was conducted of children's television commercials from China and the United States that were recorded over a period of eighteen months. We describe how the content of the two sets of commercials differs and the underlying reasons for the differences, including cultural, economic, and social conditions. The results suggest that, for the most part, Chinese children's commercials reflect China's traditional cultural values and its social and economic development level. However, the analysis was able to detect a shifting in power in Chinese society from the elderly to the young, resulting mainly from its one-child policy implemented during the past two decades. We also found some evidence of Western values creeping into Chinese children's commercials. Limitations are noted, and suggestions are offered for additional research that will corroborate these findings.
Developing behavioural training services to meet defined standards within an Australian statewide disability service system and the associated client outcomes*

Abstract Background LaVigna, Christian, and Willis (2005) reported on a project where Institute for Applied Behaviour Analysis (IABA) staff trained a professional team in New Zealand (NZ) to provide behavioural services that met defined criteria. The NZ team was then trained to train other practitioners to meet the same professional standards. However, no client outcomes were reported in that study. Method This study replicates the NZ study within disability services in Tasmania, Australia. Further, this study examined the associated client outcomes and the impact of the training on severity ratings of subsequent referrals. Results Tasmanian trainers trained participants to provide behavioural services that met the same professional standards. Client behavioural outcome data showed significant improvement. Referral data showed decreases in severity ratings. Conclusions The trainer of trainers process is effective in training staff to meet defined professional standards, including desired client outcomes, and to effectively make positive behaviour support accessible to a large number of people.
Children's Ideas about the Solar System and the Chaos in Learning Science.

Findings from a quasi-experimental study of children's ideas about the solar system and how these ideas changed in response to a 10-week intervention period of formal astronomy teaching at a single primary school in England are presented in detail. Initial interviews with all of the 9- to 11-year-olds involved revealed a relatively poorly developed prior knowledge base, and this was reflected in the predominantly intuitive and transitional nature of the different mental models expressed and used when answering questions and completing tasks. Following intervention, progression was evident in many different forms and this could be described and measured both qualitatively and quantitatively. The routes and pathways toward scientific conceptualization were often direct, and most changes could be attributed largely to the processes of weak and radical knowledge restructuring. Together with the retention of newly formed ideas over time, learning outcomes were considered particularly encouraging. In order to explain findings more fully, evidence is presented which lends some support to the notion of chaos in cognition. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed90:124–147, 2006
Mitigation of biased measurement in location estimation

The distance measurements are biased for various reasons in location systems, e.g. non-line-of-sight path, propagation speed, and sensor calibration error. The impact of measurement biases is investigated in the time of arrival (TOA) systems and time difference of arrival (TDOA) systems. The TDOA estimator is robust to biases when measurements bias their true values toward the same direction, either positive or negative. We thus present group biased-TOA difference (GBD) method to combat the mix of biased and unbiased measurements in location systems. The distance measurements are divided into biased group and unbiased group and time difference operation is conducted in the biased group. We verify the effectiveness of GBD through simulation and experiment by using an ultrasound location system.
Conservative Protestant Child Discipline: The Case of Parental Yelling

Conservative Protestant child discipline has recently become the subject of considerable social research and public controversy. However, no systematic empirical evidence has been brought to bear on conservative Protestant rates of parental yelling, which we view as a key indicator of an authoritarian style of parenting. We review parenting advice offered by conservative Protestant elites, who articulate child-rearing schemata grounded in both religious and psychological rationales for the discipline of youngsters. Notably, conservative Protestant family specialists advocate corporal punishment while discouraging the parental use of yelling at children. Data drawn from the 1987-88 National Survey of Families and Households (NSFH) indicate that conservative Protestant parents of preschoolers and school-age children are significantly less likely to report yelling at their children. Moreover, the estimated effects of denominational affiliation on the parental use of yelling are partly mediated by conservative theological views. We conclude by calling for research that analyzes the effects of the distinctive conservative Protestant approach to discipline on child well-being.
Stories about learning in narrative biographical research

This article discusses the relation between narrating a story and experiencing a learning process—for both the research subjects and the researcher—as an inherent feature of narrative biographical research. It is argued that in order to do justice to the particularity, the interpretation and the agency of the research subjects and thus to the revelatory character and transformative power of their life story, the researcher has to be personally and critically engaged in the research process. Besides acknowledging the learning process of the research subjects, it is necessary to reflect on the research process itself in terms of a narrative and a learning process. Radically living up to the starting points of narrative biographical research implies consequences for the position of the researcher in the research process, for the research results and for the research report.
Multi-valued Asynchronous Reliable Broadcast with a Strict Honest Majority

Asynchronous reliable broadcast is a fundamental primitive in secure distributed computing. In an asynchronous system of n mutually distrusting parties with t of them being Byzantine corrupted, reliable broadcast is possible if and only if t < n/3. With t < n/3 there exists multi-valued asynchronous reliable broadcast protocol with optimal communication complexity of O(nℓ) bits for broadcasting ℓ-bit messages, provided ℓ is sufficiently large. In this work, we give a multi-valued asynchronous reliable broadcast protocol with t < n/2 and with communication complexity O(nℓ) bits for sufficiently large ℓ. To beat the lower bound of t < n/3, we deploy a non-equivocation mechanism, which can be instantiated using cryptography, along with a trusted hardware set-up. Such a mechanism prevents a corrupted party from sending conflicting messages to different (honest) parties. The applicability of non-equivocation mechanism has been investigated in the past to improve the fault-tolerance of secure distributed protocols in the asynchronous setting. This is the first work for deploying the non-equivocation mechanism to improve the communication complexity of asynchronous protocols.
Is Liberalism “All we Need”?

Etude de la relation entre ethique et politique dans la philosophie de Levinas. Soulevant la question de la double contrainte en reference a Derrida, l'A. interroge la pertinence du liberalisme comme consensus demoncratique, comme reponse pratique a la raison totalisante, et comme politique moderne de l'hospitalite.
Notch Signaling Contributes to Lung Cancer Clonogenic Capacity In Vitro but May Be Circumvented in Tumorigenesis In Vivo

The Notch signaling pathway is a critical embryonic developmental regulatory pathway that has been implicated in oncogenesis. In non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), recent evidence suggests that Notch signaling may contribute to maintenance of a cancer stem or progenitor cell compartment required for tumorigenesis. We explored whether intact Notch signaling is required for NSCLC clonogenic and tumorigenic potential in vitro and in vivo using a series of genetically modified model systems. In keeping with previous observations, we find that Notch3 in particular is upregulated in human lung cancer lines and that downregulation of Notch signaling using a selective γ-secretase inhibitor (MRK-003) is associated with decreased proliferation and clonogenic capacity in vitro. We show that this phenotype is rescued with the expression of NICD3, a constitutively active cleaved form of Notch3 not affected by γ-secretase inhibition. Using an inducible LSL-KRASG12D model of lung cancer in vivo, we show a transient upregulation of Notch pathway activity in early tumor precursor lesions. However, a more rigorous test of the requirement for Notch signaling in lung oncogenesis, crossing the LSL-KRASG12D mouse model with a transgenic with a similarly inducible global dominant-negative suppressor of Notch activity, LSL-DNMAML (dominant-negative mastermind-like), reveals no evidence of Notch pathway requirement for lung tumor initiation or growth in vivo. Distinct Notch family members may have different and potentially opposing activities in oncogenesis, and targeted inhibition of individual Notch family members may be a more effective anticancer strategy than global pathway suppression. Mol Cancer Res; 9(12); 1746–54. ©2011 AACR.
Childhood

CHILDHOOD Beyond the Best Interests of the Child. By JOSEPH Gousrxn@r, A@A Fa@un and ALBERT J. Sou@rr. New York: The Free Press (a division of Macmillan Publishing Co. Inc.). 1973. Pp. xiv+ I 70. Index 7 pp. Price hardcover Â£4; paperback Â£â€ ̃. In this excellent book the authors, representing Yale Law School, the Hampstead Child Therapy @Jlinicand the Child Study Centre at Yale, argue convincingly the need for new guide-lines in disputes concerning child placement. They discuss the con cepts of child-parent relationships, and provide working definitions of the â€ ̃¿ psychological parent' who has day to day care of, and interaction with, the child but who may or may not be the biological parent ; of the â€ ̃¿ wanted child' and of the â€ ̃¿ common law parent-child relationship' which has not been forma lized in law as in adoption. They ask that the child in the dispute should be represented by independent counsel. The guide-lines offered are based on difference between the child's sense of time and that of the adult and on the need for continuity and for the â€ ̃¿ least detrimental available alternative'. The arguments are clearly expressed, and case illustrations are used to show how the suggested guide-lines would influence decisions. Footnotes with details of the cases cited are found at the end of the book. This is a concise, beautifully written book on a subject whose importance is not only being highlighted by publicized cases but is repeatedly confirmed in clinical practice. It is strongly recommended to all who may have a say in the placement of a child, particularly psychiatrists, social workers and lawyers. ANN GATH.