Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improving outcomes of severe disorders of consciousness.

PURPOSE To evaluate the efficacy of an Advanced Care Protocol (ACP) in improving rates of clinical progression and emergence in patients with Severe Disorders of Consciousness (SDOC). METHODS Forty-one patients with SDOC were assigned to groups: Vegetative State (VS) traumatic etiology (VS-TBI), VS non-traumatic etiology (VS-NTBI), Minimally Conscious State (MCS-TBI), MCS non-traumatic etiology (MCS-NTBI). Design was a within-subjects retrospective case series measuring pre-post ACP intervention data. The ACP was administered sequentially over 12 weeks, incorporating traditional therapies (occupational, physical, speech), pharmaceuticals, median nerve stimulation, and neutraceuticals. Main Outcome Measures were: Pre- and post-treatment Disability Rating Scale (DRS), Functional Independence Measure (FIM), Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), and Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R); clinical diagnosis (VS, MCS, emerged) using criteria from the American Academy of Neurology and Mohonk Report. RESULTS Patients significantly improved across all outcome measures, from baseline to discharge. Clinical improvement of 100% of MCS patients and 78-86% of VS patients was observed following ACP treatment. Significant differences between ACP vs. the published "standard of care" rates, in favor of the ACP, based on DRS scores and on clinical status at discharge. CONCLUSIONS These strikingly positive results of a novel multimodal intervention are a valuable contribution to this frontier of investigation.
LRC-RED: A Self-tuning Robust and Adaptive AQM Scheme

In this paper, we propose a novel active queue management (AQM) scheme based on the Random Early Detection (RED) of the loss ratio and the total sending rate control, called LRC-RED, to regulate the queue length with small variation and to achieve high utilization with small packet loss. This scheme measures the latest packet loss ratio, and uses it and the total sending rate as complements to queue length in order to dynamically adjust packet drop probability. Further, we also provide the design rules for this scheme based on the well-known TCP control model. On the basis of the design rules, we develop a simple, scalable and systematic rule for tuning the control parameters which can be adaptive to dynamic network conditions. Through ns 2 simulations, we show the faster response time and better robustness of the proposed LRC-RED as compared with the Loss Ratio based RED (LRED) [5] algorithm.
Impact of Stent Surface on Thrombogenicity and Vascular Healing: A Comparative Analysis of Metallic and Polymeric Surfaces

Background—Emerging drug-eluting stent technologies are evolving toward the elimination of polymeric component used as the method for modulating drug delivery. Although this technological approach seems to be biologically appealing, the impact of durable polymers and metallic stent surfaces on vascular healing remains unclear. In the present study, we aimed to compare the independent effect of a durable polymer and a metallic stent surface on thrombogenicity and endothelial cell coverage using different in vitro and in vivo experimental models. Methods and Results—Platinum chromium (PtCr) and polyvinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropene (PVDF-HFP)–coated surfaces were evaluated in this study. Thrombogenicity was assessed by exposing all surfaces to human blood under shear flow conditions. The inflammatory potential of the material was evaluated by measuring cytokine release from THP-1 cells exposed to all surfaces for 24 hours. Endothelial cell coverage was evaluated by detection of CD31 after the stents were exposed to human coronary artery endothelial cells for ⩽14 days. Platelet adhesion (P<0.01) and activation (P=0.03) on PVDF-HFP were greater than on PtCr. In vivo, PVDF-HFP revealed more neointimal area (P<0.01) and residual parastrut fibrin (P=0.01) at 30 days compared with PtCr. PtCr displayed higher endothelialization rates and higher vascular endothelial-cadherin expression at 7 and 14 days (P=0.02) compared with PVDF-HFP. Conclusions—Thrombogenicity and vascular healing differ among metallic and polymeric stent surfaces. PVDF-HFP exhibits higher degrees of platelet activation–adhesion and thrombus accumulation in vivo compared with PtCr. PtCr displayed higher degrees of endothelial surface coverage compared with PVDF-HFP surfaces.
TIP48/Reptin and H2A.Z Requirement for Initiating Chromatin Remodeling in Estrogen-Activated Transcription

Histone variants, including histone H2A.Z, are incorporated into specific genomic sites and participate in transcription regulation. The role of H2A.Z at these sites remains poorly characterized. Our study investigates changes in the chromatin environment at the Cyclin D1 gene (CCND1) during transcriptional initiation in response to estradiol in estrogen receptor positive mammary tumour cells. We show that H2A.Z is present at the transcription start-site and downstream enhancer sequences of CCND1 when the gene is poorly transcribed. Stimulation of CCND1 expression required release of H2A.Z concomitantly from both these DNA elements. The AAA+ family members TIP48/reptin and the histone variant H2A.Z are required to remodel the chromatin environment at CCND1 as a prerequisite for binding of the estrogen receptor (ERα) in the presence of hormone. TIP48 promotes acetylation and exchange of H2A.Z, which triggers a dissociation of the CCND1 3′ enhancer from the promoter, thereby releasing a repressive intragenic loop. This release then enables the estrogen receptor to bind to the CCND1 promoter. Our findings provide new insight into the priming of chromatin required for transcription factor access to their target sequence. Dynamic release of gene loops could be a rapid means to remodel chromatin and to stimulate transcription in response to hormones.
Noncommutative Fitting invariants and improved annihilation results

To each finitely presented module M over a commutative ring R, one can associate an R‐ideal FitR(M) which is called the (zeroth) Fitting ideal of M over R, and which is always contained in the R‐annihilator of M. In an earlier article, the second‐named author generalized this notion by replacing R with a (not necessarily commutative) 𝔬‐order Λ in a finite‐dimensional separable algebra, where 𝔬 is an integrally closed complete commutative noetherian local domain. To obtain annihilators, one has to multiply the Fitting invariant of a (left) Λ‐module M by a certain ideal ℋ(Λ) of the centre of Λ. In contrast to the commutative case, this ideal can be properly contained in the centre of Λ. In the present article, we determine explicit lower bounds for ℋ(Λ) in many cases. Furthermore, we define a class of ‘nice’ orders Λ over which Fitting invariants have several useful properties such as good behaviour with respect to direct sums of modules, computability in a certain sense and ℋ(Λ) being the best possible.
History of the diagnosis of a sexually transmitted disease is linked to normal variation in personality traits.

INTRODUCTION Stable individual differences in personality traits have well-documented associations with various aspects of health. One of the health outcomes that directly depends on people's behavioral choices, and may therefore be linked to personality traits, is having a sexually transmitted disease (STD). AIM The study examines the associations between a comprehensive set of basic personality traits and past STD history in a demographically diverse sample. METHODS Participants were 2,110 Estonians (1,175 women) between the ages of 19 and 89 (mean age 45.8 years, SD = 17.0). The five-factor model personality traits (Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness) and their specific facets were rated by participants themselves and knowledgeable informants. Sex, age, and educational level were controlled for. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE History of STD diagnosis based on medical records and/or self-report. RESULTS History of STD diagnosis was associated with higher Neuroticism and lower Agreeableness in both self- and informant-ratings. Among the specific personality facets, the strongest correlates of STD were high hostility and impulsiveness and low deliberation. CONCLUSIONS Individual differences in several personality traits are associated with a history of STD diagnosis. Assuming that certain personality traits may predispose people to behaviors that entail a higher risk for STD, these findings can be used for the early identification of people at greater STD risk and for developing personality-tailored intervention programs.
Committed activists and the reshaping of status-quo social consensus

The role of committed minorities in shaping public opinion has been recently addressed with the help of multiagent models. However, previous studies focused on homogeneous populations where zealots stand out only for their stubbornness. Here we consider the more general case in which individuals are characterized by different propensities to communicate. In particular, we correlate commitment with a higher tendency to push an opinion, acknowledging the fact that individuals with unwavering dedication to a cause are also more active in their attempts to promote their message. We show that these activists are not only more efficient in spreading their message but that their efforts require an order of magnitude fewer individuals than a randomly selected committed minority to bring the population over to a new consensus. Finally, we address the role of communities, showing that partisan divisions in the society can make it harder for committed individuals to flip the status-quo social consensus.
Who Gets to the Top ? Generalists versus Specialists in Organizations

We propose a model of communication in organizations in which the quality of communication depends on the match between senders and receivers of messages. The model allows for two dimensions of knowledge: breadth and depth. Specialists have deep knowledge of few areas while generalists have super cial knowledge of many areas. Generalists are useful because they can communicate with many di¤erent specialists. As a consequence, optimal organizational structures are such that generalists are at the top and specialists are at the bottom. Our model has implications for organization design, the optimal degree of centralization of decision making, and the depth of hierarchies. In particular, we show that an increase in the complexity of the environment together with improvements in communication technology lead to a decrease in specialization at the top. We thank Pierre-André Chiappori, Luis Garicano, Canice Prendergast, and many seminar and conference participants for their comments. E-mail addresses: d.ferreira@lse.ac. uk, sah@uchicago.edu.
Stellar population gradients in early-type cluster galaxies with VIMOS IFU*

We present results from a pilot study of radial stellar population trends in early-type galaxies using the Very Large Telescope (VLT) Visible Multi-Object Spectrograph (VIMOS) integral field unit (IFU). We observe 12 galaxies in the cluster Abell 3389 (z ≈ 0.027). For each galaxy, we measure 22 line strength indices in multiple radial bins out to at least the effective radius. We derive stellar population parameters using a grid inversion technique, and calculate the radial gradients in age, metallicity and α-abundance. Generally, the galaxies in our sample have flat radial trends in age and [α/Fe], but negative gradients in [Z/H] (-0.20 ± 0.05 dex). Combining our targets with two similar, long-slit studies to increase sample size, we find that the gradients are not correlated with the central velocity dispersion or K-band luminosity (both proxies for galaxy mass). However, we find that the age and metallicity gradients are both anticorrelated with their respective central values (to >4σ), such that galaxies with young cores have steeper positive age gradients, and those with metal-rich centres have strong negative [Z/H] gradients.
What are wait times to see a specialist? an analysis of 26,942 referrals in southwestern Ontario.

BACKGROUND Reducing wait times is a key goal of Canadian health planners and policy makers. Using data from the EMRs of 23 family physicians across southwestern Ontario, we present data on wait times to see a specialist, and evaluate these data for equity. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of EMR database of 29,303 patients and 544,398 encounters from October 2005 to July 2010. Wait time was calculated as the difference between the specialist appointment date and the family physician's referral date. Multilevel regression analysis was used to assess equity in waiting times. RESULTS The median wait was 53 days, with female patients having a slightly longer wait than males (55 vs. 51 days), and younger patients (median = 45 days) having the shortest wait. Differences were noted among practices, with a range of 42-63 days. The longest waits were for neurosurgery (median = 103 days) and the shortest for paediatricians (median = 28 days). There was no correlation between wait times and income, but significant associations were noted for patient age, sex and referral urgency. INTERPRETATION This is the first study to present data on actual wait times for a broad array of specialists over a five-year period. There is variation among specialties and by practice, and further research is needed to understand reasons for these. From a policy perspective, there is equity in wait times in southwestern Ontario, as waits are not correlated with SES. Future work should model the patient-, physician- and contextual-level factors that determine specialist wait times.
Life History of the Piked Dogfish (Squalus acanthiasL.) in Swedish Waters

A study of existing literature regarding the piked dogfish (Squalus acanthias) behaviour, sexual maturation and age analyses with comparison between the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean is presented. This study examines the life history of the piked dogfish in Swedish waters. Females of the piked dogfish from the Skagerrak were investigated on two occasions during the autumn of 1997. Fifty percent (50%) of the females were sexually mature by the age of 12–13 years and 77 cm. The average number of large eggs (>2 cm) was 8.1 and the average number of embryos was 5.8.
Social-Aware Data Dissemination via Device-to-Device Communications: Fusing Social and Mobile Networks with Incentive Constraints

Nowadays, pervasive mobile devices not only pose new challenges for existing wireless networks to accommodate the surging demands, but also offer new opportunities to support various services. For example, device-to-device (D2D) communications provide a promising paradigm for data dissemination with low resource cost and high energy efficiency. In this paper, we propose a three-phase approach for D2D data dissemination, which exploits social-awareness and opportunistic contacts with user mobility. The proposed approach includes one phase of seed selection and two subsequent phases of data forwarding. In Phase I, we build a social-physical graph model, which combines the social network and the mobile network with opportunistic transmissions. Then we partition the social-physical graph into communities using the Girvan-Newman algorithm based on edge-betweenness, and select seeds for the communities according to vertex-closeness. In Phase II, data forwarding only takes place among socially connected users. In Phase III, the base station intervenes to enable data forwarding among cooperative users. For Phases II and III, we propose the new mechanisms for message selection and cooperation pairing, which take into account both altruistic and selfish behaviors of users. The theoretical analysis for the message selection mechanism proves its truthfulness and approximation ratio in the worst case. Extensive simulation results further demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed three-phase approach with various synthetic and real tracing datasets.
Research evidence uptake in a developing country: a survey of attitudes, education and self-efficacy, engagement, and barriers among physical therapists in the Philippines.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVE Use of evidence from systematic research is critical in evidence-based physical therapy, yet this has not been described well in developing countries where its purported benefits are most needed. This study explored research evidence uptake among physical therapists in the Philippines. METHOD A probability survey of practitioners in tertiary hospitals in the Philippines' National Capital Region was conducted. RESULTS Of the 188 questionnaires distributed, 152 were returned for an 81% response rate. Positive attitudes were consistently reported (78-93%), although education and self-efficacy related to key dimensions such as searching, appraising and integrating evidence were varied (53-82%). Less than 50% reported using research evidence routinely in five of six dimensions of clinical practice, except in selecting treatments (53%). Textbooks, own observations and expert opinion were consistently relied upon (74-96%) while average-month approximations of engagement in relevant activities such as searching, reading, appraising and applying research literature were low (10-18%). Participants faced a number of barriers such as lack of time, resources, skills, access to research literature, supporting administrative policies, in-service training and authority in decision making. CONCLUSIONS The low research evidence uptake and heavy reliance on potentially biased evidence sources strongly indicate the need for effective professional education for practitioners to address current barriers as well as early intensive undergraduate education for students to ensure adequate preparation on being effective research evidence consumers. Given the profile of Filipino physical therapists, alternatives to 'from scratch' evidence searching and appraisal are required if widespread uptake is envisaged.
Morpho-anatomical adaptations to waterlogging by germplasm accessions in a tropical forage grass

Brachiaria humidicola, a tropical forage grass, is recognized for its tolerance to temporary waterlogging. Waterlogged soils are characterized by slow movement of gases and oxygen defficiency. B. humidicola accessions showed adaptations common to wetland species, including a ventilation system (aerenchyma) from shoot to root that might facilitate O2 transport and the escape of gases that usually accumulate in roots under waterlogging. Of 12 accessions tested, one accession (CIAT 26570) showed greater aerenchyma formation. Quicker growth under waterlogging of CIAT 26570 might be associated with greater aerenchyma formation.
The Comparison between Circadian Oscillators in Mouse Liver and Pituitary Gland Reveals Different Integration of Feeding and Light Schedules

The mammalian circadian system is composed of multiple peripheral clocks that are synchronized by a central pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus. This system keeps track of the external world rhythms through entrainment by various time cues, such as the light-dark cycle and the feeding schedule. Alterations of photoperiod and meal time modulate the phase coupling between central and peripheral oscillators. In this study, we used real-time quantitative PCR to assess circadian clock gene expression in the liver and pituitary gland from mice raised under various photoperiods, or under a temporal restricted feeding protocol. Our results revealed unexpected differences between both organs. Whereas the liver oscillator always tracked meal time, the pituitary circadian clockwork showed an intermediate response, in between entrainment by the light regimen and the feeding-fasting rhythm. The same composite response was also observed in the pituitary gland from adrenalectomized mice under daytime restricted feeding, suggesting that circulating glucocorticoids do not inhibit full entrainment of the pituitary clockwork by meal time. Altogether our results reveal further aspects in the complexity of phase entrainment in the circadian system, and suggest that the pituitary may host oscillators able to integrate multiple time cues.
Identification of Genes in a Partially Resistant Genotype of Avena sativa Expressed in Response to Puccinia coronata Infection

Cultivated oat (Avena sativa), an important crop in many countries, can suffer significant losses through infection by the fungus Puccinia coronata, the causal agent of crown rust disease. Understanding the molecular basis of existing partial resistance to this disease might provide targets of interest for crop improvement programs. A suppressive subtractive hybridization (SSH) library was constructed using cDNA from the partially resistant oat genotype MN841801-1 after inoculation with the pathogen. A total of 929 genes returned a BLASTx hit and were annotated under different GO terms, including 139 genes previously described as participants in mechanisms related to the defense response and signal transduction. Among these were genes involved in pathogen recognition, cell-wall modification, oxidative burst/ROS scavenging, and abscisic acid biosynthesis, as well genes related to inducible defense responses mediated by salicylic and jasmonic acid (although none of which had been previously reported involved in strong responses). These findings support the hypothesis that basal defense mechanisms are the main systems operating in oat partial resistance to P. coronata. When the expression profiles of 20 selected genes were examined at different times following inoculation with the pathogen, the partially resistant genotype was much quicker in mounting a response than a susceptible genotype. Additionally, a number of genes not previously described in oat transcriptomes were identified in this work, increasing our molecular knowledge of this crop.
Rab32 Modulates Apoptosis Onset and Mitochondria-associated Membrane (MAM) Properties*

The mitochondria-associated membrane (MAM) has emerged as an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) signaling hub that accommodates ER chaperones, including the lectin calnexin. At the MAM, these chaperones control ER homeostasis but also play a role in the onset of ER stress-mediated apoptosis, likely through the modulation of ER calcium signaling. These opposing roles of MAM-localized chaperones suggest the existence of mechanisms that regulate the composition and the properties of ER membrane domains. Our results now show that the GTPase Rab32 localizes to the ER and mitochondria, and we identify this protein as a regulator of MAM properties. Consistent with such a role, Rab32 modulates ER calcium handling and disrupts the specific enrichment of calnexin on the MAM, while not affecting the ER distribution of protein-disulfide isomerase and mitofusin-2. Furthermore, Rab32 determines the targeting of PKA to mitochondrial and ER membranes and through its overexpression or inactivation increases the phosphorylation of Bad and of Drp1. Through a combination of its functions as a PKA-anchoring protein and a regulator of MAM properties, the activity and expression level of Rab32 determine the speed of apoptosis onset.
REAKSI PASAR MODAL TERHADAP PENETAPAN PERNYATAAN STANDAR AKUNTANSI KEUANGAN BERBASIS INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL REPORTING STANDARDS DI INDONESIA

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji secara empiris apakah penetapan Pernyataan Standar Akuntansi Keuangan (PSAK) berbasis International Financial Reportin Standards (IFRS) berpengaruh terhadap reaksi pasar modal di Indonesia pada tahun 2008 – 2010 dengan melihat perioda jendela disekitar tanggal kejadian yang terkait dengan penetapan PSAK berbasis IFRS pada kurun waktu penelitian dengan menggunakan studi peristiwa (event study). Tanggal kejadian yang dipilih adalah 8 tanggal yang menurut penulis penting dan memiliki reaksi bagi perusahaan – perusahaan mengenai berbagai informasi penetapan PSAK berbasis IFRS terhadap pasar modal di Indonesia. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan abnormal return dan uji normalitas menggunakan Uji Kolmogorov-Smirnov, sedangkan uji hipotesis menggunakan One sample T test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penetapan PSAK berbasis IFRS tidak berpengaruh terhadap reaksi pasar modal di Indonesia.