Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Time-resolved optical observations of five cataclysmic variables detected by INTEGRAL

The European Space Agency γ-ray telescope, INTEGRAL, is detecting relatively more intrinsically rare cataclysmic variables (CVs) than were found by surveys at lower energies. Specifically, a large fraction of the CVs that are INTEGRAL sources consists of asynchronous polars and intermediate polars (IPs). IP classifications have been proposed for the majority of CVs discovered by INTEGRAL, but, in many cases, there is very little known about these systems. In order to address this, I present time-resolved optical data of five CVs discovered through INTEGRAL observations. The white dwarf spin modulation is detected in high-speed photometry of three of the new CVs (IGR J15094-6649, IGR J16500-3307 and IGR J17195-4100), but two others (XSS J12270-4859 and IGR J16167-4957) show no evidence of magnetism, and should be considered unclassified systems. Spectroscopic orbital period (P orb ) measurements are also given for IGR J15094-6649, IGR J16167-4957, IGR J16500-3307 and IGR J17195-4100.
An Instance-weighting Method to Induce Cost-sensitive Trees

ÐWe introduce an instance-weighting method to induce cost-sensitive trees. It is a generalization of the standard tree induction process where only the initial instance weights determine the type of tree to be inducedÐminimum error trees or minimum high cost error trees. We demonstrate that it can be easily adapted to an existing tree learning algorithm. Previous research provides insufficient evidence to support the idea that the greedy divide-and-conquer algorithm can effectively induce a truly cost-sensitive tree directly from the training data. We provide this empirical evidence in this paper. The algorithm incorporating the instance-weighting method is found to be better than the original algorithm in terms of total misclassification costs, the number of high cost errors, and tree size in two-class data sets. The instance-weighting method is simpler and more effective in implementation than a previous method based on altered priors.
Personality and Social Psychology Review 1 –24 the Impact of Asking Intention or Self- Prediction Questions on Subsequent Behavior: a Meta-analysis

Article The question–behavior effect (QBE) refers to the impact of asking questions about a behavior (vs. not asking such questions) on subsequent performance of that behavior. This effect is also known as the mere-measurement effect, the self-prophecy effect, self-erasing errors of prediction, and self-generated validity (Sprott, Spangenberg, Block, et al., 2006). An illustrative study by Williams, Block, and Fitzsimons (2006) showed that asking students about their intentions to exercise increased subsequent self-reported exercise rates from 14% to 26% 2 months later. Although the QBE has also been assessed using questions about attitudes and past behavior, the vast majority of studies ask self-prediction or intention questions, which form the focus of the present review. We report a meta-analysis that updates and extends previous narrative (Dholakia, 2010) and quantitative reviews, and tests conceptual and methodological moderators using both univariate and multi-variate analyses. The QBE has been observed in a variety of research domains, and most often for health, consumer, and prosocial behaviors. Within the health domain, a large number of studies have demonstrated that the QBE can be harnessed as an effective intervention, increasing uptake of health checks Abstract The current meta-analysis estimated the magnitude of the impact of asking intention and self-prediction questions on rates of subsequent behavior, and examined mediators and moderators of this question–behavior effect (QBE). Random-effects meta-analysis on 116 published tests of the effect indicated that intention/prediction questions have a small positive effect on behavior (d + = 0.24). Little support was observed for attitude accessibility, cognitive dissonance, behavioral simulation, or processing fluency explanations of the QBE. Multivariate analyses indicated significant effects of social desirability of behavior/behavior domain (larger effects for more desirable and less risky behaviors), difficulty of behavior (larger effects for easy-to-perform behaviors), and sample type (larger effects among student samples). Although this review controls for co-occurrence of moderators in multivariate analyses, future primary research should systematically vary moderators in fully factorial designs. Further primary research is also needed to unravel the mechanisms underlying different variants of the QBE.
Interstitial eosinophilic aggregates in diabetic nephropathy: allergy or not?

BACKGROUND Interstitial eosinophilic aggregates (IEA) in renal biopsies often suggest allergic tubulointerstitial nephritis, yet clear associations with drug reactions are often difficult to establish. IEA are also encountered in diabetic nephropathy (DN) and thought to be attributed to medication exposure. METHODS Native medical kidney biopsies performed at the University of Washington Medical Center were reviewed, including DN (n = 64), IgA nephropathy (IgAN, n = 28), membranous nephropathy (MN, n = 14), focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS, n = 27) and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN, n = 28). IEA were defined as ≥5 eosinophils per high power field. The severity of interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IFTA) was scored semi-quantitatively as minimal, mild, moderate or severe. RESULTS IEA were remarkably more prevalent in DN (41%), when compared with IgAN (7%, P = 0.001), MN (8%, P = 0.017) or MPGN (14%, P = 0.013), but not FSGS (26%, P = 0.18). In DN cases, univariate analysis revealed that IEA were associated with greater IFTA severity, but not with the percentage of glomerulosclerosis, mesangial expansion, history of drug allergy, number of prescribed medications or particular class of medications (antibiotics, NSAIDs, aspirin, thiazide, loop diuretics, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, calcium channel blockers, beta blockers, insulin, sulfonylurea, metformin or allopurinol). Multivariate analysis showed that the severity of IFTA was the only significant predictor for IEA (P < 0.01) after stepwise adjustment for age, number of medications, drug allergy, diabetes type, % global glomerulosclerosis and mesangial expansion. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows that IEA are more common in DN, when compared with other types of glomerulopathy. In DN, IEA are associated with the severity of IFTA but not with prescribed medications or clinical history of allergy. This suggests that in DN IEA are often associated with chronic tubulointerstitial injury and are not diagnostic of an allergic interstitial nephritis.
Reflexões sobre a presença da Educação Física na primeira etapa da educação básica

This essay aims to reflect about some aspects related to the inclusion, legitimacy and teaching practice of physical education in the Children education. Discussions are developed considering elements that contribute to the process of reflection about the area and the collaboration possibilities for the qualification of pedagogical practices in children education. To this end, it presents some elements that could justify the relevance of the interventions with the training and the expertise of Physical Education. Also presents some specific methodological theoretical subsidies about the intervention of Physical Education in children education.
Removal of translation bias when using subspace methods

Given estimates of the motion field (optic flow) from an image sequence, it is possible to recover translational direction, T/spl I.oarr/, using a variety of techniques. One such technique, known as "subspace methods, generates constraints which are perpendicular to T/spl I.oarr/, so that two distinct constraints allow a solution for T/spl I.oarr/. In practice many constraints are used in a least-squares solution, but it has been observed that the recovered estimates for T/spl I.oarr/ are biased towards the optical axis. While the cause of the bias is well known, previous attempts to remove it have been flawed. This paper outlines a new method which removes the bias. The technique is simple to apply and computationally efficient.
How transformational leadership facilitates innovative behavior of Korean workers Examining mediating and moderating processes

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership (TL) and the innovative behavior of Korean workers. To this end, this paper also examines whether knowledge sharing and perceived organizational support (POS) influence the above causal relationship. Design/methodology/approach – The paper used a cross-sectional design, with questionnaires administered to 356 employees working in Korea manufacturing firms to test the relationship between TL and innovative behavior through knowledge sharing and the moderating role of POS. Findings – TL was significantly related to both employee innovative behavior and knowledge sharing. The results also shown that knowledge sharing mediated and POS positively moderated the relationship between TL and innovative behavior of employees. Research limitations/implications – Future research should examine antecedents of knowledge sharing and measure the effect of TL in other level such as team level, to enhance generalizabi.
Rotation distance, triangulations, and hyperbolic geometry

A rotation in a binary tree is a local restructuring that changes the tree into another tree. Rotations are useful in the design of tree-based data structures. The rotation distance between a pair of trees is the minimum number of rotations needed to convert one tree into the other. In this paper we establish a tight bound of In 6 on the maximum rotation distance between two A2-node trees for all large n, using volumetric arguments in hyperbolic 3-space. Our proof also gives a tight bound on the minimum number of tetrahedra needed to dissect a polyhedron in the worst case, and reveals connections 1 This is a revised and expanded version of a paper that appeared in the 18th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, [9]. 2 Partial support provided by DARPA, ARPA order 4976, amendment 19, monitored by the Air Force Avionics Laboratory under contract F33615-87-C-1499, and by the National Science Foundation under grant CCR-8658139. 3 Partial support provided by the National Science Foundation under grant DCR-8605962. 4 Partial support provided by the National Science Foundation under grants DMR-8504984 and DCR8505517.
Relationship between Study Habits and Test Anxiety of Higher Secondary Students.

The present study aims to probe the relationship between study habits and test anxiety of higher secondary students. In this normative study survey method was employed. The population for the present study consisted of higher secondary students studying in Tirunelveli district. The investigator used the simple random sampling technique. The sample consisted of 300 students from 10 higher secondary schools. The investigator used the Study Habits Scale by Santhy, K. R. (2010) and Test Anxiety Scale by Sharma, V. P. (1997). For analyzing and interpreting the data the investigator used percentile analysis, standard deviation, „t‟ test, and Pearson‟s product moment correlation as the statistical techniques. The findings show that (i) the level of study habits and test anxiety of the higher secondary students were moderate (ii) there was no significant relationship between study habits and test anxiety of higher
An Analysis of Prerequisite Skills for Reading Comprehension

In this paper, we focus on the synthetic understanding of documents, speciﬁcally reading comprehension (RC). A current problem with RC is the need for a method of analyzing the RC system performance to realize further development. We propose a methodology for examining RC systems from multiple viewpoints. Our methodology consists of three steps: deﬁne a set of basic skills used for RC, manually annotate questions of an existing RC task, and show the performances for each skill of existing systems that have been proposed for the task. We demonstrated the proposed methodology by annotating MCTest, a freely available dataset for testing RC. The results of the annotation showed that answering RC questions requires combinations of multiple skills. In addition, our deﬁned RC skills were found to be useful and promising for decomposing and analyzing the RC process. Finally, we discuss ways to improve our approach based on the results of two extra annotations.
Attentional Bias towards Threatening and Neutral Facial Expressions in High Trait Anxious Children

Research suggests anxious children display increased attentional biases for threat-related stimuli. However, findings based upon spatial domain research are equivocal. Moreover, few studies allow for the independent analysis of trials containing neutral (i.e., potentially ambiguous) faces. Here, we report two temporal attentional blink experiments with high trait anxious (HTA) and low trait anxious (LTA) children. In an emotive experiment, we manipulated the valence of the second target (T2: threatening/positive/neutral). Results revealed that HTA, relative to LTA, children demonstrated better performance on neutral trials. Additionally, HTA children demonstrated a threat-superiority effect whereas LTA children demonstrated an emotion-superiority effect. In a non-emotive control experiment, no differences between HTA and LTA children were observed. Results suggest trait anxiety is associated with an attentional bias for threat in children. Additionally, the neutral face finding suggests HTA children bias attention towards ambiguity. These findings could have important implications for current anxiety disorder research and treatments.
Young Clusters in the Nuclear Starburst of M83

We present a photometric catalog of 45 massive star clusters in the nuclear starburst of M83 (NGC 5236), observed with the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Planetary Camera 2, in both broadband (F300W, F547M, and F814W) and narrowband (F656N and F487N) filters. By comparing the photometry with theoretical population synthesis models, we estimate the age and mass of each cluster. We find that over 75% of the star clusters more massive than 2 × 104 M⊙ in the central 300 pc of M83 are less than 10 Myr old. Among the clusters younger than 10 Myr and more massive than 5 × 103 M⊙, 70% are between 5 and 7 Myr old. We list an additional 330 objects that are detected in our F300W images but not in the shallower F547M and F814W images. The clusters are distributed throughout a semicircular annulus that identifies the active region in the galaxy core, between 50 and 130 pc from the optical center of M83. Clusters younger than 5 Myr are preferentially found along the northwestern end of the semicircular annulus, and the northwest region also corresponds to the highest equivalent widths of the Hα emission [EW(Hα)] values. The cluster ages are consistent with a burst of star formation that began ≲10 Myr ago. However, the current data cannot exclude a longer duration of activity, because the star clusters may dissolve on a ∼10 Myr timescale. We discuss both possible scenarios.
The supramodal brain: implications for auditory perception

ABSTRACT The perceptual brain is designed around multisensory input. Areas once thought dedicated to a single sense are now known to work with multiple senses. It has been argued that the multisensory nature of the brain reflects a cortical architecture for which task, rather than sensory system, is the primary design principle. This supramodal thesis is supported by recent research on human echolocation and multisensory speech perception. In this review, we discuss the behavioural implications of a supramodal architecture, especially as they pertain to auditory perception. We suggest that the architecture implies a degree of perceptual parity between the senses and that cross-sensory integration occurs early and completely. We also argue that a supramodal architecture implies that perceptual experience can be shared across modalities and that this sharing should occur even without bimodal experience. We finish by briefly suggesting areas of future research.
Data Mining: A prediction for Student's Performance Using Classification Method

Currently the amount huge of data stored in educational database these database contain the useful information for predict of students performance. The most useful data mining techniques in educational database is classification. In this paper, the classification task is used to predict the final grade of students and as there are many approaches that are used for data classification, the decision tree (ID3) method is used here.
A Method for Prepartitioning of Petri Net Models for Parallel Embedded Real-Time Systems

In this paper we describe a method for prepartitioning of models for parallel embedded real-time systems. The method is part of a design methodology for embedded real-time systems, that we are actually working on. Since the methodology is based on high-level Petri Nets as unique formal model, the presented partitioning method also applies to Petri Net models. Starting from a high-level description of the system allows us to take into account some system properties and structures, that are not visible on lower abstraction levels. The prepartitioning computed by our algorithm forms a basis for the nal partitioning of the system, where each partition is realized as parallel software or dedicated hardware. Its beneet is a minimal communication overhead for the parallel implementation of the system.
Variational analysis of spectral functions simplified

Spectral functions of symmetric matrices -- those depending on matrices only through their eigenvalues -- appear often in optimization. A cornerstone variational analytic tool for studying such functions is a formula relating their subdifferentials to the subdifferentials of their diagonal restrictions. This paper presents a new, short, and revealing derivation of this result. We then round off the paper with an illuminating derivation of the second derivative of twice differentiable spectral functions, highlighting the underlying geometry. All of our arguments have direct analogues for spectral functions of Hermitian matrices, and for singular value functions of rectangular matrices.
Assessing impacts of unconventional natural gas extraction on microbial communities in headwater stream ecosystems in Northwestern Pennsylvania

Hydraulic fracturing and horizontal drilling have increased dramatically in Pennsylvania Marcellus shale formations, however the potential for major environmental impacts are still incompletely understood. High-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene was performed to characterize the microbial community structure of water, sediment, bryophyte, and biofilm samples from 26 headwater stream sites in northwestern Pennsylvania with different histories of fracking activity within Marcellus shale formations. Further, we describe the relationship between microbial community structure and environmental parameters measured. Approximately 3.2 million 16S rRNA gene sequences were retrieved from a total of 58 samples. Microbial community analyses showed significant reductions in species richness as well as evenness in sites with Marcellus shale activity. Beta diversity analyses revealed distinct microbial community structure between sites with and without Marcellus shale activity. For example, operational taxonomic units (OTUs) within the Acetobacteracea, Methylocystaceae, Acidobacteriaceae, and Phenylobacterium were greater than three log-fold more abundant in MSA+ sites as compared to MSA− sites. Further, several of these OTUs were strongly negatively correlated with pH and positively correlated with the number of wellpads in a watershed. It should be noted that many of the OTUs enriched in MSA+ sites are putative acidophilic and/or methanotrophic populations. This study revealed apparent shifts in the autochthonous microbial communities and highlighted potential members that could be responding to changing stream conditions as a result of nascent industrial activity in these aquatic ecosystems.
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells contribute to A2B adenosine receptor-induced VEGF production and angiogenesis in a mouse melanoma model

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is an angiogenic factor critically involved in tumor progression. Adenosine A2B receptor plays a pivotal role in promoting tumor growth. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) in the pro-angiogenic effects of A2B and to determine whether A2B blockade could enhance the effectiveness of anti-VEGF treatment. Mice treated with Bay60-6583, a selective A2B receptor agonist, showed enhanced tumor VEGF-A expression and vessel density. This effect was associated with accelerated tumor growth, which could be reversed with anti-VEGF treatment. Bay60-6583 increased the accumulation of tumor CD11b+Gr1+ cells. Depletion of MDSCs in mice significantly reduced A2B-induced VEGF production. However, A2B receptor stimulation did not directly regulate VEGF expression in isolated tumor myeloid cells. Mechanistically, Bay60-6583-treated melanoma tissues showed increased STAT3 activation. Inhibition of STAT3 significantly decreased the pro-tumor activity of Bay60-6583 and reduced tumor VEGF expression. Pharmacological blockade of A2B receptor with PSB1115 significantly reduced tumor growth by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and increasing T cells numbers within the tumor microenvironment. These effects are, at least in part, dependent on impaired tumor accumulation of Gr1+ cells upon A2B receptor blockade. PSB1115 increased the effectiveness of anti-VEGF treatment.
Cortical Response Variation with Different Sound Pressure Levels: A Combined Event-Related Potentials and fMRI Study

Introduction Simultaneous recording of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) provides high spatial and temporal resolution. In this study we combined EEG and fMRI to investigate the structures involved in the processing of different sound pressure levels (SPLs). Methods EEG data were recorded simultaneously with fMRI from 16 healthy volunteers using MR compatible devices at 3 T. Tones with different SPLs were delivered to the volunteers and the N1/P2 amplitudes were included as covariates in the fMRI data analysis in order to compare the structures activated with high and low SPLs. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and ROI analysis were also performed. Additionally, source localisation analysis was performed on the EEG data. Results The integration of averaged ERP parameters into the fMRI analysis showed an extended map of areas exhibiting covariation with the BOLD signal related to the auditory stimuli. The ANOVA and ROI analyses also revealed additional brain areas other than the primary auditory cortex (PAC) which were active with the auditory stimulation at different SPLs. The source localisation analyses showed additional sources apart from the PAC which were active with the high SPLs. Discussion The PAC and the insula play an important role in the processing of different SPLs. In the fMRI analysis, additional activation was found in the anterior cingulate cortex, opercular and orbito-frontal cortices with high SPLs. A strong response of the visual cortex was also found with the high SPLs, suggesting the presence of cross-modal effects.