Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EXPLORING THE DYNAMICS OF KNOWLEDGE IN PRACTICE : COMPARING BUNDLES OF KNOWLEDGE OF EXPERTS AND NOVICES

One of the streams which is gaining more importance within the knowledge management field is the one which focuses on the study of “knowing” which is inherent in action. By contrast knowledge and its types are conceded little attention. Drawing on the study of knowing and practice as a reference, this paper aims to explore how we know in practice or, what it is the same, which are the knowledge dynamics in action. These are key aspects which may help to reconcile both approaches in theoretical and practical ways. Through the analysis of a case study carried out in a Spanish labor placement company, we study the practice of expert and novice practitioners with the objective of identifying the “bundles of knowledge” linked to this practice and how these bundles are articulated in action and evolve. The first results have shown evidence that although expert and novice perform the same act, their bundles of knowledge and their concept of the activity are not the same. Even more, the expert seems to be the one who is able to reframe or reinterpret his practice. These findings have made us reflect about the theory of expertise and how experts become experts which are aspects intimately related to knowledge types, knowing, practice and learning.
A Multidimensional Approach to Product Advertisement in the Virtual Retail Environment

This study was partly conducted within the context of the ACTIVE project (EP 27046), ESPRIT Programme (Framework IV), Commission of the European Union. Abstract-Internet presents a new business environment with great potential for marketers. Virtual retailing / e-shops, in particular, own the unique property of combining advertising practices and on-line sales functionality. In that context, the consumer buying process may be completed from start to end, from the need recognition stage, initiated by advertising, to the purchase decision stage, in an easy and integrated way. Thus, the role of interactive advertisement in this environment is crucial. In this paper, we examine the characteristics and potential of interactive advertisement in virtual retailing and propose a multidimensional approach to product advertisement in the virtual store, taking into account the consumer, retailer and supplier perspective.
Combined IFN-α and 5-FU treatment as a postoperative adjuvant following surgery for hepatocellular carcinoma with portal venous tumor thrombus

The efficacy of combination therapy with subcutaneous interferon (IFN)-α and intra-arterial 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) as a postoperative adjuvant for resectable advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) invading the major branches of the portal vein (PVTT) was examined. The prognosis of HCC with PVTT (Vp3 or 4) is extremely poor. Recently, we reported the possibility of combination therapy with IFN-α and intra-arterial 5-FU for intractable HCC with PVTT as a postoperative adjuvant and this is the second report. Patients with HCC with PVTT were included (n=50). Thirty consecutive patients with HCC and PVTT were treated with 3 cycles of a combination therapy consisting of arterial 5-FU infusion (300 mg/mm3/day, 5 days/week, for the initial 2 weeks) and IFN subcutaneous injection (5 MIU, 3 times/week, 4 weeks) as a postoperative adjuvant following hepatic resection; another 20 patients receiving no IFN/5-FU chemotherapy acted as controls. Results for the IFN/5-FU adjuvant treatment group were as follows: disease-free survival (n=9, 15–109 months), survival with recurrence (n=6, 30–92 months), cancer death (n=9, 14–60 months), death from other causes but no recurrence (n=5, 13–87 months) and death from other causes with recurrence (n=1, 22 months). The 1-year survival rate was 100% in patients treated with IFN/5-FU, and 30% in those without IFN/5-FU as historical controls (n=20). There was a significant difference in disease-free and overall survival rates between the two groups (P<0.0001). In conclusion, IFN/5-FU combination therapy may be a very promising postoperative adjuvant treatment for HCC with PVTT.
Behavioral abnormalities in prion protein knockout mice and the potential relevance of PrPC for the cytoskeleton

The cellular prion protein (PrPC) is a highly conserved protein, which is anchored to the outer surface of the plasma membrane. Even though its physiological function has already been investigated in different cell or mouse models where PrPC expression is either upregulated or depleted, its exact physiological role in a mammalian organism remains elusive. Recent studies indicate that PrPC has multiple functions and is involved in cognition, learning, anxiety, locomotion, depression, offensive aggression and nest building behavior. While young animals (3 months of age) show only marginal abnormalities, most of the deficits become apparent as the animals age, which might indicate its role in neurodegeneration or neuroprotection. However, the exact biochemical mechanism and signal transduction pathways involving PrPC are only gradually becoming clearer. We report the observations made in different studies using different Prnp0/0 mouse models and propose that PrPC plays an important role in the regulation of the cytoskeleton and associated proteins. In particular, we showed a nocodazole treatment influenced colocalization of PrPC and α tubulin 1. In addition, we confirmed the observed deficits in nest building using a different backcrossed Prnp0/0 mouse line.
YES1 Activation Elicited by Heat Stress Is Anti-Apoptotic in Mouse Pachytene Spermatocytes1

ABSTRACT Deregulated expression of protein tyrosine phosphorylation has been implicated in testicular response to different stimuli. Herein, YES1, a nonreceptor protein tyrosine kinase, was found to be significantly up-regulated in pachytene spermatocytes (PS) during early recovery from a transient testicular heat stress. Coculture of PS with Sertoli cells (SCs) could enhance the hyperthermia-induced YES1 activation, indicative of a positive regulation of the paracrine signaling. Moreover, SU6656, a selective YES1 inhibitor, was shown to effectively block YES1 activity, thereafter resulting in a dramatic increase of heat stress-induced apoptosis in primary cultured PS. Mechanistically, the antiapoptotic effect of YES1 activation in response to testicular heat insult may mediate via the regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)/metastasis-associated 1 (MTA1) cascade. From a clinical standpoint, a notably higher level of YES1 expression was observed in the pathological testis from varicocele patients as compared to a negligible staining in the control group. Taken together, our present results provide the first evidence that the YES1/ERK/MTA1/p53 cascade may serve as a naturally occurring, indispensable self-defensive mechanism maintaining apoptotic balance during meiotic heat stress. Our study may have also partially answered the question of how activation of signal pathways at the cell membrane surface interacts with the key regulatory events occurring in the nucleus during testicular heat shock.
Preoperative symptoms of body dysmorphic disorder determine postoperative satisfaction and quality of life in aesthetic rhinoplasty.

1. Pace MM, Chatterjee A, Merrill DG, Stotland MA, Ridgway EB. Local anesthetics in liposuction: Considerations for new practice advisory guidelines to improve patient safety. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2013;131:820e–826e. 2. Albright GA. Cardiac arrest following regional anesthesia with etidocaine or bupivacaine. Anesthesiology 1979;51:285–287. 3. Failey CL, Vemula R, Borah GL, Hsia HC. Intraoperative use of bupivacaine for tumescent liposuction: The Robert Wood Johnson experience. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2009;124:1304–1311. 4. Swanson E. Prospective study of lidocaine, bupivacaine and epinephrine levels and blood loss in patients undergoing liposuction and abdominoplasty. Plast Reconstr Surg. 2012;130:702–722; discussion 723–725.
Accelerated Increase in Serum Interleukin-1 Receptor Antagonist Starts 6 Years Before Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE Although interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) treatment is associated with improved β-cell function and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes, its role in the development of type 2 diabetes remains unclear. We used repeated measurements to characterize IL-1Ra trajectories in individuals who developed type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This case-cohort study, nested within the Whitehall II cohort, was based on 335 incident type 2 diabetes cases and 2,475 noncases. We measured serum IL-1Ra levels at up to three time points per individual and estimated retrospective trajectories of IL-1Ra before diabetes diagnosis (case subjects) or end of follow-up (control subjects) using multilevel analysis. Models were adjusted for age, sex, and ethnicity. RESULTS IL-1Ra levels were already higher in the case than control subjects 13 years before diabetes diagnosis/end of follow-up (mean [95% CI] 302 [290–314] vs. 244 [238–249] pg/ml). In control subjects, IL-1Ra levels showed a modest linear increase throughout the study period. In case subjects, IL-1Ra trajectories were parallel to those in control subjects until 6 years (95% CI 7.5–4.5) before diagnosis and then rose steeply to 399 (379–420) pg/ml at the time of diagnosis (P < 0.0001 for slope difference). Adjustment for BMI and waist circumference as time-varying covariates had little impact on these trajectories. CONCLUSIONS We show elevated IL-1Ra levels for 13 years and an accelerated increase during the last 6 years before type 2 diabetes diagnosis, indicating the presence of an anti-inflammatory response that may act to counterbalance the metabolic and immunologic disturbances that precede type 2 diabetes.
Temperature-controlled radiofrequency treatment of tonsillar hypertrophy for reduction of upper airway obstruction in pediatric patients.

OBJECTIVES To determine if temperature-controlled radiofrequency (TCRF) tonsil reduction and adenoidectomy (TCRF&A) and conventional tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy (T&A) are statistically similar in outcome and to compare morbidity between TCRF&A and conventional T&A. DESIGN Randomized control trial. SETTING Tertiary care children's hospital. PARTICIPANTS The study population comprised 23 patients aged 2.6 to 12.5 years with symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea, hypertrophic tonsils with no other areas of upper airway obstruction with the exception of hypertrophic adenoids, and a body mass index (calculated as weight in kilograms divided by the square of height in meters) of less than 30. INTERVENTION Temperature-controlled radiofrequency tonsil reduction (mean +/- SD, 12.6 +/- 1.5 ablations per patient and 994.68 +/- 91.88 J per insertion) and adenoidectomy or traditional bovie T&A. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcomes were respiratory distress index and total volume reduction. Secondary outcomes include postoperative pain, daytime sleepiness, speech and swallowing problems, weight and diet, narcotic use, and analogue snoring scale. RESULTS The respiratory distress index difference for TCRF&A was 5.63 vs 6.56 for standard T&A. On postoperative day 1 for the 13 patients who underwent TCRF&A, 0 reported severe pain, 11 (85%) had mild to moderate pain, and 2 (15%) had no pain. In the 10 patients who underwent standard T&A, 1 (10%) had severe pain and 9 (90%) had mild to moderate pain. By postoperative week 1, all TCRF&A patients experienced mild or no pain, whereas 1 (10%) of the standard T&A patients still had moderate pain. Mean visual analogue snore scores (0-10) 4 weeks after surgery were less than 1 for both groups. The mean +/- SD weight loss at postoperative week 1 for TCRF tonsil reduction patients was 1.0 +/- 3.5 lb (0.45 +/- 1.58 kg) vs 4.6 +/- 3.9 lb (2.07 +/- 1.76 kg) for standard T&A patients. Return to normal diet at postoperative week 1 occurred in 11 TCRF&A patients (85%) and 0 standard T&A patients. CONCLUSIONS The respiratory distress indexes were similar for TCRF&A patients and standard T&A patients. In addition, there were similar analog snoring scales, decreased pain, and weight loss.
Polymorphic regions in the interleukin-1 gene and susceptibility to chronic periodontitis: a genetic association study.

OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were to determine the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL1B (-511, +3954), IL1A (-889, +4845), and the variable number of tandem repeats (VNTRs) polymorphism in the IL-1RN gene with chronic periodontitis susceptibility and to analyze gene-gene interactions in a hospital-based sample population from South India. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 400 individuals were recruited for this study; 200 individuals with healthy gingiva and 200 chronic periodontitis patients. Genomic DNA was isolated from peripheral blood samples and genotyping was performed for the above-mentioned single nucleotide and VNTR polymorphisms by polymerase chain reaction, DNA sequencing, and agarose gel electrophoresis. RESULTS A higher proportion of the variant alleles were observed in the chronic periodontitis group for all the SNPs examined. The SNP at +3954 (C>T) in the IL1B gene was found to be significantly associated with chronic periodontitis (p=0.007). VNTR genotypes (χ(2) value: 5.163, df=1, p=0.023) and alleles (χ(2) value: 6.818, df=1, p=0.009) were found to have a significant association with chronic periodontitis susceptibility. CONCLUSION In the study population examined, the SNP in the IL1B gene (+3954) and VNTR polymorphisms in the IL1RN gene were found to have a significant association with chronic periodontitis susceptibility.
Accountability as a deterrent to self-enhancement: the search for mechanisms.

Although self-enhancement is linked to psychological benefits, it is also associated with personal and interpersonal liabilities (e.g., excessive risk taking, social exclusion). Hence, structuring social situations that prompt people to keep their self-enhancing beliefs in check can confer personal and interpersonal advantages. The authors examined whether accountability can serve this purpose. Accountability was defined as the expectation to explain, justify, and defend one's self-evaluations (grades on an essay) to another person ("audience"). Experiment 1 showed that accountability curtails self-enhancement. Experiment 2 ruled out audience concreteness and status as explanations for this effect. Experiment 3 demonstrated that accountability-induced self-enhancement reduction is due to identifiability. Experiment 4 documented that identifiability decreases self-enhancement because of evaluation expectancy and an accompanying focus on one's weaknesses.
The TheaterLoc Virtual Application

Although much has been written about various information integration technologies, little has been said regarding how to combine these technologies together to build an entire “virtual” application. In this paper, we describe the design and implementation of TheaterLoc, an information integration application that allows users to retrieve information about theaters and restaurants for a variety of cities in the United States, including an interactive map depicting their relative locations and video trailers of the movies playing at the selected theaters. The data retrieved by TheaterLoc comes from five distinct heterogeneous and distributed sources. The enabling technology used to achieve the integration includes the Ariadne information mediator and wrappers for each of the web-based data sources. We focus in detail on the mediator technologies, such as data modeling, source axiom compilation, and query planning. We also describe how the wrappers present an interface for querying data on web sites, aiding in information retrieval used during data integration. Finally, we discuss some of the major integration challenges we encountered and our plans to address them.
Socioeconomic, Temporal and Regional Variation in Body Mass Index among 188,537 Swiss Male Conscripts Born between 1986 and 1992

Background Rising levels of overweight and obesity are important public-health concerns worldwide. The purpose of this study is to elucidate their prevalence and trends in Switzerland by analyzing variations in Body Mass Index (BMI) of Swiss conscripts. Methods The conscription records were provided by the Swiss Army. This study focussed on conscripts 18.5–20.5 years of age from the seven one-year birth cohorts spanning the period 1986–1992. BMI across professional status, area-based socioeconomic position (abSEP), urbanicity and regions was analyzed. Two piecewise quantile regression models with linear splines for three birth-cohort groups were used to examine the association of median BMI with explanatory variables and to determine the extent to which BMI has varied over time. Results The study population consisted of 188,537 individuals. Median BMI was 22.51 kg/m2 (22.45–22.57 95% confidence interval (CI)). BMI was lower among conscripts of high professional status (−0.46 kg/m2; 95% CI: −0.50, −0.42, compared with low), living in areas of high abSEP (−0.11 kg/m2; 95% CI: −0.16, −0.07 compared to medium) and from urban communities (−0.07 kg/m2; 95% CI: −0.11, −0.03, compared with peri-urban). Comparing with Midland, median BMI was highest in the North-West (0.25 kg/m2; 95% CI: 0.19–0.30) and Central regions (0.11 kg/m2; 95% CI: 0.05–0.16) and lowest in the East (−0.19 kg/m2; 95% CI: −0.24, −0.14) and Lake Geneva regions (−0.15 kg/m2; 95% CI: −0.20, −0.09). Trajectories of regional BMI growth varied across birth cohorts, with median BMI remaining high in the Central and North-West regions, whereas stabilization and in some cases a decline were observed elsewhere. Conclusions BMI of Swiss conscripts is associated with individual and abSEP and urbanicity. Results show regional variation in the levels and temporal trajectories of BMI growth and signal their possible slowdown among recent birth cohorts.
The acute effects of static stretching on peak force, peak rate of force development and muscle activity during single- and multiple-joint actions in older women

Abstract The present study investigated the acute effects of static stretching on peak force, peak rate of force development and integrated electromyography (iEMG) in 27 older women (65 ± 4 years; 69 ± 9 kg; 157 ± 1 cm; 28 ± 4 kg · m−2). The participants were tested during two exercises (leg press and knee extension) after two conditions: stretching and control. The data were collected on four days (counterbalanced with a 24-hour rest period). In the stretching condition, the quadriceps muscle was stretched (knee flexion) for three sets of 30 s with 30 s rest intervals. No significant difference was detected for peak force and peak rate of force development during the single- and multiple-joint exercises, regardless of the following interactions: condition (stretching and control) vs. time (pre x post x 10 x 20 x 30 minutes post; P > 0.05) and exercise vs. time (P > 0.05). Additionally, no significant interaction was found for the iEMG activity (condition vs. time; P > 0.05) in the single- and multiple-joint exercises. In conclusion, a small amount of stretching of an agonist muscle (quadriceps) did not affect the peak force, peak rate of force development and EMG activity in older women during single- and multiple-joint exercises.
New compactly supported scaling and wavelet functions derived from Gegenbauer polynomials

A new family of scaling and wavelet functions is introduced; it is derived from Gegenbauer polynomials. The link of ordinary 2nd order differential equations to multiresolution filters is employed to construct these new functions. These functions, termed as ultraspherical harmonic or Gegenbauer scaling and wavelet functions, possess compact support and generalized linear phase. This is an interesting property since, from the computational point of view, only half the number of filter coefficients is required to be computed. By using an alpha factor that is within the orthogonality range of such polynomials, scaling and wavelet functions are generated by frequency selective FIR filters. Potential applications of such wavelets include fault defection in transmission lines of power systems.
Bone grafts and bone graft substitutes in orthopaedic trauma surgery. A critical analysis.

[Graphic][1] Osteoinduction is a process that supports the mitogenesis of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells, leading to the formation of osteoprogenitor cells that form new bone. [Graphic][2] The human skeleton has the ability to regenerate itself as part of the repair process. [Graphic][3] Recombinant bone morphogenetic protein has osteoinductive properties, the effectiveness of which is supported by Level-I evidence from current literature sources. [Graphic][4] Osteoconduction is a property of a matrix that supports the attachment of bone-forming cells for subsequent bone formation. [Graphic][5] Osteogenic property is a relatively new term that can be defined as the generation of bone from bone-forming cells. Orthopaedic trauma surgery requires the regular use of bone grafts to help provide timely healing of musculoskeletal injuries. The iliac crest autologous graft remains the gold standard. The morbidity associated with the harvest of bone graft has caused practitioners to seek methods of enhancing healing with bone graft substitutes. The term bone graft substitute describes a spectrum of products that have various effects on bone-healing. Unfortunately, there is little information in the literature about when and where to use these devices. In general, we categorize the properties of bone graft substitutes as osteoinductive, osteoconductive, or osteogenic. Going through the operating room storage areas in our institutions, we find many of these products available, with various trade names that can be misleading and confusing. The purpose of this review is to give the practicing surgeon a basic fund of knowledge on the topic of bone graft substitutes as well as an opinion on the levels of evidence in the current literature supporting the use of the various materials. The answers to the most difficult questions regarding bone graft substitutes require multicenter prospective randomized studies. These are extremely difficult to design and execute, with the cost being the most onerous obstacle. Industrial funding has been one of … [1]: /embed/inline-graphic-1.gif [2]: /embed/inline-graphic-2.gif [3]: /embed/inline-graphic-3.gif [4]: /embed/inline-graphic-4.gif [5]: /embed/inline-graphic-5.gif
Application of the MOAA for the optimization of CORAIL assemblies for nuclear reactors

The Multi-objective Alliance Algorithm (MOAA), a recently introduced optimization algorithm, is used for the optimization of heterogeneous low-enriched uranium (LEU) + mixed-oxide fuel (MOX) assemblies for pressurized water reactors (PWRs). This is a constrained nuclear problem with two objectives and a mixed-integer solution space. The efficacy of the algorithm is demonstrated through comparisons with NSGA-II for between 300 and 2000 function evaluations. Through the epsilon and hypervolume indicators and the Kruskal-Wallis statistical test, we show that the MOAA outperforms NSGA-II on this problem. The MOAA was also able to find a set of solutions that are better than the `expert solution' for this problem.