Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinicopathological profile of patients with abdominal tuberculosis.

BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is not a uncommon problem throughout the world particularly in the developing countries like Nepal, India and Bangladesh. Abdominal Tuberculosis accounts for nearly 2% of tuberculosis worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinicopathological profile with the help of other investigations in the diagnosis of patients with abdominal TB and their response to anti-tubercular therapy. This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted in the department of Gastroenterology, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka during the period of October 2002 to June 2009. METHODS Total 53 patients with abdominal TB diagnosed on the basis of clinical profile and supported investigation data like gross morphological findings at endoscopy, colonoscopy, diagnostic laparoscopy , laparotomy or histologically proven caseating granulomas were selected for this study. Detailed demographic, clinical profile, investigations and treatment response were recorded properly in a predesigned data collection sheet which were analyzed and compared with other studies. RESULTS Out of the 53 patients, 33 were males and 20 females with age ranging 16-70 (Mean 30.01±11.7) years. Abdominal pain was the most common presenting symptom in 47 (88.68%), fever in 45 (84.9%) and weight loss in 37 (69.81%) cases. Anemia was found in 41 (77.36%), cachexia 40 (75.47%), ascites 20 (37.74%), palpable abdominal mass in 14 (26.42%) and features of intestinal obstruction in 5 (9.43%) cases. Five patients had positive family history of TB and five had past history of pulmonary TB. The diagnosis of abdominal TB was confirmed microscopically in 5 (9.43%), histopathologically in 31 (58.49%) and the remaining 17 (32.07%) cases were diagnosed by a positive response to anti-TB therapy. According to site of involvement, 31 (58.51%), patients had intestinal TB, 9 (16.98%) had peritoneal TB and disseminated TB in 20 (37.74%) of the case. Twenty seven patients were given 3 drugs regimen for 12 months and 26 patients received 4 drugs regimen for 9 months under close supervision. By 9 months of therapy 51 patients become symptom free and no pathological findings were observed thereafter at follow up visits after 6 months. Response was not satisfactory in two patients and subsequent follow up investigation revealed to have crohn's disease rather than TB and none of them died. CONCLUSIONS Abdominal TB is an important clinical entity having varied mode of clinical presentation. So the diagnosis of abdominal TB is difficult and careful approach to the patients and supportive investigation data are necessary to make the final diagnosis. Neither clinical features, laboratory, radiological and Endoscopic methods nor bacteriological and histopathological findings by themselves provide a gold standard in the diagnosis of abdominal TB. In this series of abdominal TB, intestinal TB was the most frequent clinical type and the common presenting symptoms were abdominal pain, fever and weight loss. If diagnosed early, it can be treated successfully with anti-TB drugs.
Taxonomy of Factors Causing Integration Failure during Global Software Development

Controlling integration failure is one of the major challenges in global software development (GSD) that remains hidden during the development phase and surfaces during the system integration. The integration failures occur as a result of incompatibilities and integration complexities that subsequently lead to delays, extra cost, affect the overall quality, and can even throw the entire GSD project into chaos. A very good understanding of integration failures may help to overcome the integration challenges. The objective of this paper is to explore comprehensively the integration failure factors. This paper thoroughly reviews the available literature. Moreover, the authors have conducted an industrial survey to more closely explore the integration failure factors. This paper largely contributes by devising a detailed taxonomy of 40 integration failure factors. The classification allows to better understand the relationships between the various factors and helps in creating a holistic solution to deal with integration problems in the context of GSD.
Towards a security and privacy co-creation method

Cyber collaboration supports and increases the expansion of value co-creation amongst companies and customers by defining innovative business models and by exploiting new types of infrastructures like those dedicated to social media, collaborative workspaces, or e-supply chains for instance. This proliferation of new types of collaboration generates new types of security and privacy threats to be handled by the companies. The deployment of the appropriate controls to cope with the latter is of great value for the continuity of the day to day business. Therefore, in this paper, we investigate how security and privacy may be regarded as types of value and how they may be considered, in collaborative environments, through the lens of value co-creation. Acknowledging the similarities between security, privacy, and value, we afterwards propose a method to co-create security and privacy and we illustrate how the latter may be deployed in the frame of a financial case-study.
Effect of acupuncture on sperm parameters of males suffering from subfertility related to low sperm quality.

The aim of this prospective controlled study was to assess the effect of acupuncture on the sperm quality of males suffering from subfertility related to sperm impairment. Semen samples of 16 acupuncture-treated subfertile patients were analyzed before and 1 month after treatment (twice a week for 5 weeks). In parallel, semen samples of 16 control untreated subfertile males were examined. Two specimens were taken from the control group at an interval of 2-8 months. The expanded semen analysis included routine and ultramorphological observations. The fertility index increased significantly (p < or = .05) following improvement in total functional sperm fraction, percentage of viability, total motile spermatozoa per ejaculate, and integrity of the axonema (p < or = .05), which occurred upon treatment. The intactness of axonema and sperm motility were highly correlated (corr. = .50, p < or = .05). Thus, patients exhibiting a low fertility potential due to reduced sperm activity may benefit from acupuncture treatment.
Direct and Indirect Associations Between Diabetes and Intraocular Pressure: The Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases Study.

Purpose The association between diabetes and IOP is controversial; diabetes is associated with thicker central corneal thickness (CCT), and thicker CCT is associated with higher IOP. We therefore aimed to clarify the diabetes-IOP association, considering CCT as a potential mediator. Methods We included 8636 participants from the Singapore Epidemiology of Eye Diseases (SEED) Study. Associations of diabetes, serum glucose, or HbA1c with IOP were assessed using regressions models, with adjustments for potential confounding factors. Regression-based mediation (path) analyses were further performed to evaluate the indirect effects of diabetes on IOP through the mediator (CCT), in addition to the direct effect of diabetes on IOP. Results Of the 8636 participants, 2524 (29.23%) had diabetes. Diabetes, higher serum glucose, or HbA1c levels were all associated with higher IOP (all P < 0.01). The effect of diabetes on IOP was partially and minimally mediated through CCT; the proportion of mediating effect of CCT was 11.09% of the total effect of diabetes on IOP. Axial length and spherical equivalent were not mediating variables in the diabetes-IOP association. Findings were consistent across three ethnicity groups. Conclusions Diabetes or higher long-term hyperglycemia was associated with higher IOP. CCT contributed a small proportion of mediating effect to the total effect of diabetes on IOP. We conclude that high IOP observed in diabetes is mainly due to the direct association of diabetes and IOP, and this finding may have pathophysiologic significance with respect to the risk of glaucoma among persons with diabetes.
Review of Quantitative Ultrasound: Envelope Statistics and Backscatter Coefficient Imaging and Contributions to Diagnostic Ultrasound

Conventional medical imaging technologies, including ultrasound, have continued to improve over the years. For example, in oncology, medical imaging is characterized by high sensitivity, i.e., the ability to detect anomalous tissue features, but the ability to classify these tissue features from images often lacks specificity. As a result, a large number of biopsies of tissues with suspicious image findings are performed each year with a vast majority of these biopsies resulting in a negative finding. To improve specificity of cancer imaging, quantitative imaging techniques can play an important role. Conventional ultrasound B-mode imaging is mainly qualitative in nature. However, quantitative ultrasound (QUS) imaging can provide specific numbers related to tissue features that can increase the specificity of image findings leading to improvements in diagnostic ultrasound. QUS imaging can encompass a wide variety of techniques including spectral-based parameterization, elastography, shear wave imaging, flow estimation, and envelope statistics. Currently, spectral-based parameterization and envelope statistics are not available on most conventional clinical ultrasound machines. However, in recent years, QUS techniques involving spectral-based parameterization and envelope statistics have demonstrated success in many applications, providing additional diagnostic capabilities. Spectral-based techniques include the estimation of the backscatter coefficient (BSC), estimation of attenuation, and estimation of scatterer properties such as the correlation length associated with an effective scatterer diameter (ESD) and the effective acoustic concentration (EAC) of scatterers. Envelope statistics include the estimation of the number density of scatterers and quantification of coherent to incoherent signals produced from the tissue. Challenges for clinical application include correctly accounting for attenuation effects and transmission losses and implementation of QUS on clinical devices. Successful clinical and preclinical applications demonstrating the ability of QUS to improve medical diagnostics include characterization of the myocardium during the cardiac cycle, cancer detection, classification of solid tumors and lymph nodes, detection and quantification of fatty liver disease, and monitoring and assessment of therapy.
Airfoils Supporting Non-unique Transonic Solutions for Unsteady Viscous Flows

Non-unique numerical solutions of transonic flows have been found, first for potential flow equation, and later for Euler and RANS equations. The studies conducted so far have been mostly limited to steady state flow simulations. It is believed that unsteady simulations are needed to gain a better understanding of the evolution and stability of these flows. This paper re-examined a set of four recently designed symmetric airfoils that have been found to support non-unique solutions in steady transonic flows in a narrow band of transonic Mach numbers. Unsteady RANS solutions have been performed for these four airfoils in the transonic regime. Results indicate that all four airfoils exhibit unsteady non-unique transonic solutions. The unsteady non-unique solutions occur over a wider band of transonic Mach numbers than the steady non-unique solutions.
Ebolaviruses: New roles for old proteins

In 2014, the world witnessed the largest Ebolavirus outbreak in recorded history. The subsequent humanitarian effort spurred extensive research, significantly enhancing our understanding of ebolavirus replication and pathogenicity. The main functions of each ebolavirus protein have been studied extensively since the discovery of the virus in 1976; however, the recent expansion of ebolavirus research has led to the discovery of new protein functions. These newly discovered roles are revealing new mechanisms of virus replication and pathogenicity, whilst enhancing our understanding of the broad functions of each ebolavirus viral protein (VP). Many of these new functions appear to be unrelated to the protein’s primary function during virus replication. Such new functions range from bystander T-lymphocyte death caused by VP40-secreted exosomes to new roles for VP24 in viral particle formation. This review highlights the newly discovered roles of ebolavirus proteins in order to provide a more encompassing view of ebolavirus replication and pathogenicity.
Associations Between the Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Sleep Parameters Vary by Age

Objective To examine whether the relationship between the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and various sleep parameters [sleep duration, symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), and sleep disturbances] varies by age. Methods Waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting glucose were used to determine MetS status in a cohort (N = 19,691) of middle-aged (aged 45–64 years) and older (aged ≥65 years) subjects. Habitual sleep duration (short, ≤6 h/day; normal, 7–8 h/day; and long ≥9 h/day), sleep disturbances (such as problems with falling and staying asleep), and symptoms of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB, such as snoring and sleep apneas) were measured by questionnaires. Results Among the participants, 4,941 subjects (25.1%) fulfilled the criteria for MetS. In the entire sample, both short and long sleep durations were associated with higher prevalence of MetS as compared to normal sleep duration. When stratified by age, a similar pattern was observed for middle-aged subjects (<65 years old; prevalence ratio (PR) [95% CI], 1.13 [1.06–1.22] for short sleep and 1.26 [1.06–1.50] for long sleep duration). In contrast, in older individuals (≥65 years old), only long sleep duration was linked to a higher prevalence of MetS (1.26 [1.12–1.42]; P < 0.01 for sleep duration × age). In the entire cohort, having at least one SDB symptom ≥4 times per week was linked to an increased prevalence of MetS; however, the PR was higher in middle-aged subjects compared with older subjects (1.50 [1.38–1.63] vs. 1.36 [1.26–1.47], respectively; P < 0.001 for SDB × age). Finally, independent of subjects’ age, reports of sleep disturbances (i.e., at least one symptom ≥4 times per week) were associated with a higher likelihood of having MetS (1.12 [1.06–1.18]; P > 0.05 for sleep disturbance × age). Conclusion Our results suggest that age may modify the associations between some sleep parameters and the prevalence of MetS.
Heart rates of emperor penguins diving at sea: implications for oxygen store management

Heart rate (ƒH) contributes to control of blood oxygen (O2) depletion through regula- tion of the magnitude of pulmonary gas exchange and of peripheral blood flow in diving verte- brates such as penguins. Therefore, we measured ƒH during foraging trip dives of emperor pen- guins Aptenodytes forsteri equipped with digital electrocardiogram (ECG) recorders and time depth recorders (TDRs). Median dive ƒH (total heartbeats/duration, 64 beats min �1 ) was higher than resting ƒH (56 beats min �1 ) and was negatively related to dive duration. Median dive ƒH in dives greater than the 5.6 min aerobic dive limit (ADL; dive duration associated with the onset of a net accumulation of lactic acid above resting levels) was significantly less than the median dive ƒH of dives less than the ADL (58 vs. 66 beats min �1 ). ƒH profile patterns differed between shallow ( 250 m), with values usually declining to levels near resting ƒH in shal- low, short-duration dives, and to levels as low as 10 beats min �1 during the deepest segments of deep dives. The total number of heartbeats in a dive was variable in shallow dives and consistently high in deep dives. A true bradycardia (ƒH below resting levels) during segments of 31% of shal- low and deep dives of emperor penguins is consistent with reliance on myoglobin-bound O2 stores for aerobic muscle metabolism that is especially accentuated during the severe bradycardias of deep dives. Although ƒH is low during the deepest segments of deep dives, the total number and distribution of heartbeats in deep, long dives suggest that pulmonary gas exchange and peripheral blood flow primarily occur at shallow depths.
Inkjet Printing of Single‐Crystalline Bi2Te3 Thermoelectric Nanowire Networks

Large‐scale and low‐cost fabrication techniques are needed to commercialize highly efficient, nanomaterial‐based thermoelectric generators (TEGs) for use in small‐scale, flexible applications (e.g., wearable energy harvesters). This study presents the first demonstration of inkjet‐printed networks of phase‐pure, single‐crystalline Bi2Te3 thermoelectric nanowires (BTNWs) that are amenable to large‐scale production. The BTNWs are synthesized via chemical batch processing and formulated into a jettable ink that is printed onto glass substrates and subsequently annealed in nitrogen and forming gas environments. The inkjet‐printed BTNWs annealed in forming gas provide the most favorable results with comparable thermoelectric performances to bulk Bi2Te3 materials (Seebeck coefficient up to 140 µV K−1) while approximately utilizing only 1% to 3% of the telluride materials found in their bulk counterparts. Thus, these printed BTNWs help pave the way for the development of low‐cost and scalable TEGs.
Themes in Literature Related to Incidence, Risk, and Prevention of Cancer in Solid-Organ Transplantation Recipients on Immunosuppressive Therapy

Background Solid-organ transplants provide a second chance to thousands of critically ill patients with end-organ failure each year. Immunosuppressants are administered to patients to prevent graft rejection of a transplanted organ, such as a heart, kidney, or liver, while placing the recipient at greater risk for infection and cancer. Objective The literature provides evidence of various cancers that have been found to develop in patients’ posttransplantation. The purpose of this comprehensive review is to investigate the incidence, risk, and prevention of cancer in solid-organ transplantation recipients on immunosuppressive therapy. Methods Google Scholar, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and Ovid databases were searched to identify research articles in peer-reviewed journals from 2011 to 2016. Variables under examination included cancer risk, cancer type, incidence, demographic characteristics, prevention, screening modalities, and education tools. Results Six articles met the inclusion criteria. Results indicate that malignancy is a prominent postoperative finding in at least 4% to 5% of solid-organ transplant recipients, with evidence of various cancer types. Risk factors include male sex, increased age, number of years posttransplant, fair skin, white race, and UV exposure. Screening intervals and educational tools have been found to increase awareness and target those at greater risk. Conclusion Skin cancer and non-Hodgkin lymphoma were the most commonly diagnosed cancers in transplant recipients. Implications for Practice Practitioners may find utility in screening tools, self-examination education for patients, and follow-up protocols to prevent further complications in this patient population. Early detection of cancer and those at risk may help decrease morbidity and mortality rates in organ recipients.
Anaerobic Parameters of Division I Collegiate Male and Female Tennis Players

Simpson, AE, Helm, KD, Saez, GM, Smith, JR. Anaerobic Paramenters of Division I Collegiate Male and Female Tennis Players. JEPonline 2017;20(1):177-187. The purpose of the study was: (a) to determine the anaerobic capacity (AC), anaerobic power (AP), fatigue indices (FI), total work (TW), and blood lactate (BLa) concentration of Division I collegiate male and female tennis players; and (b) to establish Wingate anaerobic testing data on collegiate tennis players via an electronically braked cycle ergometer. Fifteen National Collegiate Athletic Association Division I tennis players (7 males and 8 females) performed a 30-sec WAnT on an electronically braked cycle ergometer at a torque resistance of 8.5% of their body weight (kg). Velotron RacerMate software computed AC, AP, FI, and TW. BLa was assessed with a Lactate Plus Blood Lactate Meter. Male and female AP values were 16.27 W·kg (± 1.16) and 14.82 W·kg (± 0.84), respectively; AC values were 11.17 W·kg (± 1.02) and 9.34 W·kg (± 4.2), respectively. The FI values were 44.03% (± 13.28) and 43.92% (± 12.49), respectively. The TW values were 24,351 J (± 2,615) and 17,463 J (± 1,412), respectively, and the BLa values were 12.33 mmol·L (± 3.14) and 11.50 mmol·L (± 2.88), respectively. Although the results of the present study are similar to the anaerobic parameters reported in other studies of athletes, it is best to use caution when attempting to objectively compare the results of the present study with other Wingate norms.
Detection of Altered Adhesion Molecule Expression in Experimental Tumors by a Radiolabeled Monoclonal Antibody

Adhesion molecules play a major role in the processes of invasion and metastasis of malignant tumors. Their expression within tumors has been reported to be quantitatively and qualitatively altered according to the invasiveness and metastatic potential of the tumor. The present study tested whether the intratumoral expression of integrin α3 can be detected by a radiolabeled monoclonal antibody. The in vitro hinding study with four different human cancer cells showed that radioiodinated GA17 antibody recognizing integrin “3 bound specifically to these cells to varying degrees, according to the antigen density on each cell. The biodistribution study with 125I– and 111In–labeled antibodies showed specific localization of radiolabeled GA17 to the xenografts. However, the in vivo tumor localization was not proportional to the antigen density calculated in vitro, and antibody metabolism varied among the tumors, as was also confirmed by in vitro radionuclide retention assay. The intratumoral distribution of radioactivities varied reflecting the antigen expression within the tumor. These results indicate that 1) integrin α3 was expressed in various kinds of tumors and could he localized by the radiolabeled antibody, and 2) the expression of integrin “3 and the metabolism of the radiolabeled antibody after binding to the antigen within the tumor were variable among the tumors, which affected the radionuclide distribution characteristics. The expression of adhesion molecules within these tumors was noninvasively detected by a radiolabeled antibody. It may be possible to use integrin a3, when it is overexpressed, as a target of therapy with antibodies radiolabeled with a or β emitters.