Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PERBEDAAN DEPRESI ANTARA PRIA DAN WANITA DI POSYANDU LANSIA DESA WINONGGO MADIUN

Usia lanjut adalah tahap akhir dari siklus hidup manusia. Pada tahap ini individu mengalami banyak perubahan seperti perubahan fisik, psikologis, dan mental sehingga berpotensi menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan baik secara fisik maupun mental, gangguan mental yang sering dialami pada usia lanjut adalah depresi. Depresi lebih sering ditemui pada wanita dibandingkan dengan pria dan wanita pun mempunyai resiko dua kali mengalami depresi.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui perbedaan depresi pada lansia antara pria dan wanita di Posyandu Lansia kelurahan Winongo Kecamatan Manguharjo Kota Madiun. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah Komparatif dengan pendekatan cross-sectional. Sampel diambil dari seluruh populasi yaitu sebanyak 60 lansia terdiri dari 27 lansia pria dan 33 lansia wanita. Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah total sampling . Instrumen yang digunakan untuk pengumpulan data adalah kuesioner depresi Beck & Deck. Analisa data menggunakan uji beda dua mean (Rumus uji T-test). Hasil perhitungan uji T (T-test) = 4,23 dan diperoleh T tabel dengan df = 58 dan taraf signifikansi 0,05 (untuk uji dua pihak/two tail test) adalah 2,00 (T hitung > T tabel) yang berarti Ho ditolak, sehingga dapat diartikan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara depresi pada lansia pria dan lansia wanita di Posyandu Lansia Kelurahan Winongo Kecamatan Manguharjo Kota Madiun. Dari hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara depresi pada lansia pria dan lansia wanita. Hal ini disebabkan oleh karakteristik wanita yang lebih mengedepankan emosional daripada rasional, lebih mudah merasa bersalah dan mudah cemas. Selain itu tingkat pendidikan, status sosial ekonomi, kehilangan pasangan, keaktifan dalam kegiatan masyarakat juga dapat mempengaruhi terjadinya depresi pada lansia dan cara penanganannya dengan menganjurkan lansia agar tetap berpikir positif dan menjaga hubungan sosial yang baik
Dust Absorption and the Cosmic Ultraviolet Flux Density

We study the evolution of the galaxy UV luminosity density as a function of redshift in the Hubble Deep Field-North (HDF-N). We estimate the amount of energy absorbed by dust and hidden from optical observations by analyzing the HDF-N photometric data with the spectral energy distribution fitting method. According to our results, at redshifts of 1 ≤ z ≤ 4.5, the global energy observed in the UV rest frame at λ = 1500 Å corresponds to only 7%-11% of the stellar energy output, the rest of it being absorbed by dust and reemitted in the far-IR. Our estimates of the comoving star formation rate density in the universe from the extinction-corrected UV emission are consistent with the recent results obtained with Submillimeter Common-User Bolometric Array (SCUBA) at faint submillimeter flux levels.
Well-Water Consumption and Parkinson’s Disease in Rural California

Introduction Investigators have hypothesized that consuming pesticide-contaminated well water plays a role in Parkinson’s disease (PD), and several previous epidemiologic studies support this hypothesis. Objectives We investigated whether consuming water from private wells located in areas with documented historical pesticide use was associated with an increased risk of PD. Methods We employed a geographic information system (GIS)–based model to estimate potential well-water contamination from agricultural pesticides among 368 cases and 341 population controls enrolled in the Parkinson’s Environment and Genes Study (PEG). We separately examined 6 pesticides (diazinon, chlorpyrifos, propargite, paraquat, dimethoate, and methomyl) from among 26 chemicals selected for their potential to pollute groundwater or for their interest in PD, and because at least 10% of our population was exposed to them. Results Cases were more likely to have consumed private well water and to have consumed it on average 4.3 years longer than controls (p = 0.02). High levels of possible well-water contamination with methomyl [odds ratio (OR) = 1.67; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.00–2.78]), chlorpyrifos (OR = 1.87; 95% CI, 1.05–3.31), and propargite (OR = 1.92; 95% CI, 1.15–3.20) resulted in approximately 70–90% increases in relative risk of PD. Adjusting for ambient pesticide exposures only slightly attenuated these increases. Exposure to a higher number of water-soluble pesticides and organophosphate pesticides also increased the relative risk of PD. Conclusion Our study, the first to use agricultural pesticide application records, adds evidence that consuming well water presumably contaminated with pesticides may play a role in the etiology of PD.
Interactions between Urinary 4-tert-Octylphenol Levels and Metabolism Enzyme Gene Variants on Idiopathic Male Infertility

Octylphenol (OP) and Trichlorophenol (TCP) act as endocrine disruptors and have effects on male reproductive function. We studied the interactions between 4-tert-Octylphenol (4-t-OP), 4-n- Octylphenol (4-n-OP), 2,3,4-Trichlorophenol (2,3,4-TCP), 2,4,5-Trichlorophenol (2,4,5-TCP) urinary exposure levels and polymorphisms in selected xenobiotic metabolism enzyme genes among 589 idiopathic male infertile patients and 396 controls in a Han-Chinese population. Ultra high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to measure alkylphenols and chlorophenols in urine. Polymorphisms were genotyped using the SNPstream platform and the Taqman method. Among four phenols that were detected, we found that only exposure to 4-t-OP increased the risk of male infertility (P trend = 1.70×10−7). The strongest interaction was between 4-t-OP and rs4918758 in CYP2C9 (P inter = 6.05×10−7). It presented a significant monotonic increase in risk estimates for male infertility with increasing 4-t-OP exposure levels among men with TC/CC genotype (low level compared with non-exposed, odds ratio (OR) = 2.26, 95% confidence intervals (CI) = 1.06, 4.83; high level compared with non-exposed, OR = 9.22, 95% CI = 2.78, 30.59), but no associations observed among men with TT genotype. We also found interactions between 4-t-OP and rs4986894 in CYP2C19, and between rs1048943 in CYP1A1, on male infertile risk (P inter = 8.09×10−7, P inter = 3.73×10−4, respectively). We observed notable interactions between 4-t-OP exposure and metabolism enzyme gene polymorphisms on idiopathic infertility in Han-Chinese men.
Are Differences Between Men and Women in Rotated Pattern Recognition Due to the Use of Different Cognitive Strategies

A recursive hypothesis suggests that gender differences in spatial abilities, including mental rotation tasks, are the result of differences in the strategies that men and women use to process information. To address this issue, we systematically explored men and women’s performance for rotated patterns by assessing recognition, confidence rating and response time, thought to be fundamental to spatial processing, with classical methods, and with signal detection theory (SDT) parameters (d-prime and c-bias). Among our findings, we highlight d-prime as the most robust parameter to assess gender differences and predict group membership. Furthermore, we conclude that better performance by men is due to their strategy of transforming a mental rotation task into a simpler task comparing the alignment of test stimuli to the surrounding experimental environment.
Retention of Movement Cues by Visually Impaired Persons

Describes the results of an experiment which examined whether kinesthetic movement information in a short memory paradigm of visually impaired persons was superior to that of sighted individuals. It was expected that visually impaired subjects would have developed a more sophisticated and refined kinesthetic modality and thus would produce less absolute and variable error than that of the sighted subjects on a movement retention task. It was found that the visually impaired and sighted subjects were equally effective in using the kinesthetic system to retain distance and location cues but the visually impaired subjects were significantly more variable in movement reproduction than were sighted subjects.
Adaptive power-fidelity in energy-aware wireless embedded systems

Energy aware system operation, and not just low power hardware, is an important requirement for wireless embedded systems. These systems, such as wireless multimedia terminals or wireless sensor nodes, combine (soft) real-time constraints on computation and communication with requirements of long battery lifetime. In this paper, we present an OS-directed dynamic power management technique for such systems that goes beyond conventional techniques to provide an adaptive power vs. fidelity trade-off. The ability of wireless systems to adapt to changing fidelity in the form of data losses and errors is used to tradeoff against energy consumption. We also exploit system workload variation to proactively manage energy resources by predicting processing requirements. The supply voltage, and clock frequency are set according to predicted computation requirements of a specific task instance, and an adaptive feedback control machanism is used to keep system fidelity (deadline misses) within specifications. We present the theoretical framework underlying our approach in the context of both a static priority-based preemptive task scheduler as well as a dynamic priority based one, and present simulation-based performance analysis that shows that our technique provides large energy savings (up to 76%) with little loss in fidelity (<4%). Further, we describe the implementation of our technique in the eCos real-time operating system (RTOS) running on a StrongARM processor to illustrate the issues involved in enhancing RTOSs for energy awareness.
Automated refinement and inference of analytical models for metabolic networks

The reverse engineering of metabolic networks from experimental data is traditionally a labor-intensive task requiring a priori systems knowledge. Using a proven model as a test system, we demonstrate an automated method to simplify this process by modifying an existing or related model-–suggesting nonlinear terms and structural modifications–-or even constructing a new model that agrees with the system's time series observations. In certain cases, this method can identify the full dynamical model from scratch without prior knowledge or structural assumptions. The algorithm selects between multiple candidate models by designing experiments to make their predictions disagree. We performed computational experiments to analyze a nonlinear seven-dimensional model of yeast glycolytic oscillations. This approach corrected mistakes reliably in both approximated and overspecified models. The method performed well to high levels of noise for most states, could identify the correct model de novo, and make better predictions than ordinary parametric regression and neural network models. We identified an invariant quantity in the model, which accurately derived kinetics and the numerical sensitivity coefficients of the system. Finally, we compared the system to dynamic flux estimation and discussed the scaling and application of this methodology to automated experiment design and control in biological systems in real time.
An algorithm for the clinical assessment of nutritional status in hospitalized patients

Upon admission to hospital, 30–50% of patients either are or become malnourished. There is no generally accepted definition of malnutrition or guidelines on the best way to establish nutritional status. We consider it self-evident that the nursing staff have an important role in screening patients at risk of malnutrition on admission and thereafter at regular times. This is why we developed the nursing nutritional screening form (NNSF). The NNSF was tested by nurses, dietitians and clinicians, in pairs, to establish the extent of agreement in two phases on sixty-nine and forty patients. Later, the form was used in practice by nursing staff on five wards (334 patients). Based on the results of the NNSF, patients were referred to a dietitian. The dietitian established whether the patient was indeed at risk, or was actually malnourished, using a complete nutritional history. The degree of concurrence within pairs was reasonable to good. The same applied to the concurrence between nursing staff and dietitians, but concurrence between clinicians and nursing staff was less. In total, 334 patients were screened and sixty-nine of them were referred to the dietitian. It was established that 86% of the referred patients were potentially at risk of malnutrition or were malnourished. Without the NNSF, 39% (n 27) of the patients referred to the dietitian would not have been referred, or would have been referred much later. The NNSF makes it possible for nurses to detect malnourished patients or patients at risk of malnutrition at an early stage of their hospitalization.
Cats in Positive Energy Balance Have Lower Rates of Adipose Gain When Fed Diets Containing 188 versus 121 ppm L-Carnitine

L-carnitine (LC) is included in select adult feline diets for weight management. This study investigated whether feeding adult cats with diets containing either 188 ppm of LC (LC188) or 121 ppm of LC (LC121) and feeding them 120% of maintenance energy requirement (MER) resulted in differences in total energy expenditure (EE), metabolic fuel selection, BW, body composition, and behavior. Cats (n = 20, 4 ± 1.2 yrs) were stratified for BCS and randomly assigned to one of two dietary treatments and fed for 16 weeks. BW was measured weekly, and indirect calorimetry, body composition, physical activity, play motivation, and cognition were measured at baseline and throughout the study. A mixed, repeated measures, ANCOVA model was used. Cats in both treatments gained BW (P < 0.05) throughout the study, with no differences between treatments at any time point (P > 0.05). There were no differences in body composition between groups at baseline; however, body fat (g) and body fat : lean mass ratio were greater in cats fed LC121 in contrast to cats fed LC188 (P < 0.05) on week 16. No other outcomes differed between treatments (P > 0.05). Supplying dietary LC at a dose of at least 188 ppm may be beneficial for the health and well-being of cats fed above MER.
Combination treatment of db/db mice with exendin‐4 and gastrin preserves β‐cell mass by stimulating β‐cell growth and differentiation

Aim/Introduction: Preservation of β‐cell mass is crucial for maintaining long‐term glucose homeostasis. Therapies based on incretin and its mimetics are expected to achieve this goal through various biological functions, particularly the restoration of β‐cell mass. Here we tested the effects of gastrin and exendin‐4 in type 2 diabetic animals.
Diagnosing Musculoskeletal Tumours

In 1993 we became aware of a worrying increase in apparent errors in the histopathological diagnosis of musculoskeletal tumours in our Unit. As a result all cases seen over the past 8 years were reviewed by an independent panel. Of the 1996 cases reviewed there was an error in 87. In 54 cases (2.7%) this had led to some significant change in the active management of the patient. The main areas where errors arose were in those very cases where clinical and radiological features were not helpful in confirming or refuting the diagnosis. The incidence of errors rose with the passage of time, possibly related to a deterioration in the pathologist’s health. The error rate in diagnosing bone tumours in previously published series ranges from 9 to 40%. To ensure as accurate a rate of diagnosis as possible multidisciplinary working and regular audit are essential.
Infant educators’ beliefs about infant language development in long day care settings

Abstract This study examined infant educators’ beliefs about infant language development in the context of early childhood classrooms. Participants were 59 educators who were employed to work directly with under-two-year-old children. Educators were interviewed to determine their understandings of infant language development and Grounded Theory qualitative techniques were used to develop a conceptual model which illustrates their perceptions of the relationships between contextual, personal and teaching and learning components of their classroom contexts. The model provides a means of conceptualising ‘insider’ practitioner voices on how, as a dynamic system, contextual, individual and pedagogical components mutually interact to bring about the kinds of experiences and interactions that can shape language development. Findings have implications for understanding educators’ perspectives on infant room quality, suggesting that issues related to educator-infant ratios, staff consistency, qualifications and professional knowledge about language development processes may impact efforts to provide intentional language development support.
Music-induced Mood Biases Decision Strategies during the Ultimatum Game

Recently, an increasing attempt has been made to understand the influence of mood on socioeconomic decision-making. We tested in this study whether an unpleasant mood would lead to unfavorable decisions more frequently than a pleasant mood, and whether decisions under different moods can be explained in different ways. Healthy volunteers were assigned to either a pleasant or unpleasant mood group and listened to musical excerpts to induce pleasant or unpleasant mood. Both groups completed the ultimatum game as a responder with an unacquainted partner who was actually a confederate. The proposer’s offers were made in six different ratios of split (1:9, 2:8, 3:7, 4:6, 5:5, 6:4) in a preprogramed manner unbeknownst to the participants. After the completion of the task as a responder, the participant rated subjectively perceived fairness and emotional feelings about each split of offer. The statistical results showed that the unpleasant mood group rejected unfair offers more often compared to the pleasant mood group. Self-reported ratings of perceived fairness and emotional feelings did not statistically differ between the two groups. Interestingly, however, only in the unpleasant mood group, rejection rates of unfair offers were negatively correlated with perceived fairness. Both the pleasant and unpleasant mood groups showed a negative correlation between rejection rates of unfair offers and self-reported happiness. These results suggest a possibility that different decision strategies operate under different mood during a socioeconomic exchange.
Kecemasan Matematika Siswa SMA Berdasarkan Gender

Penelitian ini adalah penellitian deskriptif kuantitatif yang bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan tingkat kecemasan matematika siswa SMP berdasarkan gender dan hubungannya dengan prestasi matematika. Sebanyak 113 siswa perempuan dan 80 siswa laki-laki menjadi responden dalam penelitian ini. Angket diolah menggunakan uji t, anova, dan korelasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa siswa perempuan memiliki tingkat kecemasan matematika yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan siswa laki-laki. Kecemasan memiliki hubungan positif terhadap prestasi pada kelompok siswa kemampuan bawah, sebaliknya kecemasan memiliki hubungan negatif terhadap prestasi pada kelompok siswa kemampuan atas, sehingga siswa dengan kemampuan rata-rata cenderung memiliki kecemasan matematika yang tinggi. Indikator dengan tingkat kecemasan paling tinggi adalah ketika siswa akan menghadapi ulangan dadakan. Khusus siswa perempuan terdapat dua indikator lain dengan tingkat kecemasan matematika tertinggi yaitu ketika siswa khawatir memikirkan nilai tidak memenuhi batas tuntas dan ketika waktu mengerjakan ulangan akan habis. Hasil penelitian ini direkomendasikan sebagai salah satu pertimbangan dalam merancang strategi pembelajaran matematika pada siswa SMA. Kata kunci: kecemasan matematika, prestasi matematika, gender. ABSTRACT This descriptive kuantitative study aims to describe level of highschool students’ mathematics anxiety based on gender and its relation towards mathematics achievement. A total of 113 girls and 80 boys were presented with mathematics anxiety questionnaire. It was analized by t-test and anova. The result show that the girls have higher level of mathemathics anxiety than boys. For both girls and boys, mathematics anxiety has positive correlation towards mathematics achievement for low-achiever students, while it has negative correlation for high-achiever students. It means the middle achiever students tends to have high level of mathematics achievement. Indicator which gets the highest mathematics anxiety level is when the students face pop quiz/test. There are two more indicators for the girls; when the student worries about his/her score can not pass the minimum criteria. This article is recomended as one of referrence to design mathematics learnign strategy for highschool students. Keywords: mathematics anxiety, gender, junior high school.
Modulation of Arachidonic Acid Metabolism in the Rat Kidney by Sulforaphane: Implications for Regulation of Blood Pressure

Background. We investigated the effects of sulforaphane (SF), the main active isothiocyanate in cruciferous vegetables, on arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism in the kidney and its effect on arterial blood pressure, using spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) as models. Methods. Rats were treated for 8 weeks with either drinking water alone (control) or SF (20 or 40 mg/kg) added to drinking water. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured at 7-day intervals throughout the study. At the end of treatment rats were euthanized, and kidneys were harvested to prepare microsomes and measure enzymes involved in regulation of vasoactive metabolites: CYP4A, the key enzyme in the formation of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, and the soluble epoxide hydrolase, which is responsible for the degradation of the vasodilator metabolites such as epoxyeicosatetraenoic acids. Effect of SF on kidney expression of CYP4A was investigated by immunoblotting. Results. We found that treatment with SF leads to significant reductions in both, the expression and activity of renal CYP4A isozymes, as well as the activity of soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH). Consistent with these data, we have found that treatment with SF resisted the progressive rise in MAP in the developing SHR in a dose-dependent manner. Conclusion. This is the first demonstration that SF modulates the metabolism of AA by both P450 enzymes and sEH in SHR rats. This may represent a novel mechanism by which SF protects SHR rats against the progressive rise in blood pressure.
Individual Differences in Uncertainty Responsiveness and Stroop Interference

The study of metacognition is rooted in the observation of behaviors under states of uncertainty (e.g., Smith et al., 1995). Individuals who are more responsive to uncertainty tend to show greater interference effects in a Stroop color-word naming task compared to those who are less responsive to uncertainty (Washburn, Smith, & Taglialatela, 2005). Individual differences in Stroop interference also have been shown to reflect relative differences in response competition (Washburn, 1994) and rule-maintenance ability (Kane & Engle, 2003). Why would individuals who respond to uncertainty most adaptively be characterized by the worst attention-control skills? The current study was designed to measure the individual contribution of sensitivity to response competition and rule maintenance ability to the pre-established relationship between Stroop interference and uncertainty responsiveness. Though participants performed as expected in both tasks, the previously reported relationship between Stroop interference and uncertainty responsiveness was not observed. INDEX WORDS: Stroop interference, Uncertainty responsiveness, Attention control, Metacognition INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN UNCERTAINTY RESPONSIVENESS AND STROOP INTERFERENCE