Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modeling shared cache and bus in multi-cores for timing analysis

Timing analysis of concurrent programs running on multi-core platforms is currently an important problem. The key to solving this problem is to accurately model the timing effects of shared resources in multi-cores, namely shared cache and bus. In this paper, we provide an integrated timing analysis framework that captures timing effects of both shared cache and shared bus. We also develop a cycle-accurate simulation infra-structure to evaluate the precision of our analysis. Experimental results from a large fragment of an in-orbit spacecraft software show that our analysis produces around 20% over-estimation over simulation results.
Ohio Band Directors' Perceptions of Large Group Adjudicated Events

The purpose of this study was to examine the perceptions of Ohio band directors towards concert band Large Group Adjudicated Events (LGAE). Special focus was given to factors with the potential to influence directors’ perceptions of LGAE, such as years of teaching experience, level of teaching assignment (i.e., middle vs. high school), size of band program, and teaching setting (i.e., rural, suburban, rural). Participants responded to a researcher developed survey instrument, including Likert and opened ended items, centering on the following themes: fairness and accuracy of LGAE evaluation, influence of outside agencies or stakeholders on decisions to participate in LGAE, benefits of LGAE to self and students, LGAE impact on curriculum, student growth and professional development as a result of LGAE participation, and LGAE as a requirement for career advancement. Findings showed that, although respondents agreed that LGAE is a fair and accurate assessment of concert band performance, they also agreed that LGAE is in need of improvement. Moreover, ANOVA analyses for the variables of teaching experience and school setting revealed significant differences of opinion about LGAE. Specifically, urban teachers rated several items significantly lower than their rural and suburban counterparts, indicating that LGAE does not resonate with them or their students. Likewise, mid-career teachers also viewed some aspects of LGAE less favorably than experienced and novice teachers, noting feelings that the event may not be accurately judged. Implications for LGAE in Ohio are discussed.
Reassessment of the Craniocervical Junction: Normal Values on CT

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: As the standard of care for the evaluation of the cervical spine shifts from plain radiographs to multidetector row CT (MDCT), a re-examination of the normal anatomic relationships of the occipitovertebral articulations is needed. We aimed to define the normal anatomic relationships of craniocervical articulations on MDCT and address any discrepancies with currently accepted ranges of normal on plain radiographs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 200 patients underwent an MDCT scan of the cervical spine with multiplanar reconstructions (MPR). We measured the basion-axial interval (BAI), basion-dens interval (BDI), Powers ratio, atlantodental interval (ADI), and atlanto-occipital interval (AOI) in each patient. After statistical analysis, we compared these values to previously accepted data on plain radiographs. RESULTS: Ninety-five percent of the population was found to have a BDI less than 8.5 mm compared with 12 mm on data from plain radiographs. The Powers ratio demonstrated no significant difference compared with data obtained by plain radiographs. Ninety-five percent of the population was found to have an ADI less than 2 mm, compared with 3 mm previously accepted. The AOI demonstrated 95% of the population ranged between 0.5 mm and 1.4 mm. The BAI was difficult to reproduce on CT images. CONCLUSION: Normal values for the craniocervical relationships on MDCT are significantly different from the accepted ranges of normal on plain radiographs. We propose these values as normal for the adult population.
The On-Freezing Phenomenon: Cognitive and Behavioral Aspects

Freezing of gait is a warning sign of Parkinson's disease. One could distinguish off-freezing, which is associated with dopaminergic therapy and to its titration, and it is clinically related to wearing-off phenomenon. Differently, the on-freezing phenomenon seems to be related to a neural disruption of the frontal-parietal-basal ganglia-pontine projections; clinically, it does not respond to therapy modifications or to different drug titration. In a group of patients with on-freezing, we have detected an alteration of focusing attention, an impairment of set-shifting, in addition to poor abstract reasoning and a reduction of planning. These aspects have been even more evident, when compared with the results obtained by a group of PD patients, without freezing.
Separation of Propulsive and Adhesive Traction Stresses in Locomoting Keratocytes

Strong, actomyosin-dependent, pinching tractions in steadily locomoting (gliding) fish keratocytes revealed by traction imaging present a paradox, since only forces perpendicular to the direction of locomotion are apparent, leaving the actual propulsive forces unresolved. When keratocytes become transiently “stuck” by their trailing edge and adopt a fibroblast-like morphology, the tractions opposing locomotion are concentrated into the tail, leaving the active pinching and propulsive tractions clearly visible under the cell body. Stuck keratocytes can develop ∼1 mdyn (10,000 pN) total propulsive thrust, originating in the wings of the cell. The leading lamella develops no detectable propulsive traction, even when the cell pulls on its transient tail anchorage. The separation of propulsive and adhesive tractions in the stuck phenotype leads to a mechanically consistent hypothesis that resolves the traction paradox for gliding keratocytes: the propulsive tractions driving locomotion are normally canceled by adhesive tractions resisting locomotion, leaving only the pinching tractions as a resultant. The resolution of the traction pattern into its components specifies conditions to be met for models of cytoskeletal force production, such as the dynamic network contraction model (Svitkina, T.M., A.B. Verkhovsky, K.M. McQuade, and G.G. Borisy. 1997. J. Cell Biol. 139:397–415). The traction pattern associated with cells undergoing sharp turns differs markedly from the normal pinching traction pattern, and can be accounted for by postulating an asymmetry in contractile activity of the opposed lateral wings of the cell.
Normalisation to Blood Activity Is Required for the Accurate Quantification of Na/I Symporter Ectopic Expression by SPECT/CT in Individual Subjects

The utilisation of the Na/I symporter (NIS) and associated radiotracers as a reporter system for imaging gene expression is now reaching the clinical setting in cancer gene therapy applications. However, a formal assessment of the methodology in terms of normalisation of the data still remains to be performed, particularly in the context of the assessment of activities in individual subjects in longitudinal studies. In this context, we administered to mice a recombinant, replication-incompetent adenovirus encoding rat NIS, or a human colorectal carcinoma cell line (HT29) encoding mouse NIS. We used 99mTc pertechnetate as a radiotracer for SPECT/CT imaging to determine the pattern of ectopic NIS expression in longitudinal kinetic studies. Some animals of the cohort were culled and NIS expression was measured by quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The radioactive content of some liver biopsies was also measured ex vivo. Our results show that in longitudinal studies involving datasets taken from individual mice, the presentation of non-normalised data (activity expressed as %ID/g or %ID/cc) leads to ‘noisy’, and sometimes incoherent, results. This variability is due to the fact that the blood pertechnetate concentration can vary up to three-fold from day to day. Normalisation of these data with blood activities corrects for these inconsistencies. We advocate that, blood pertechnetate activity should be determined and used to normalise the activity measured in the organ/region of interest that expresses NIS ectopically. Considering that NIS imaging has already reached the clinical setting in the context of cancer gene therapy, this normalisation may be essential in order to obtain accurate and predictive information in future longitudinal clinical studies in biotherapy.
FORMATION OF THE TEXTILE STRUCTURES FOR A SPECIFIED PURPOSE

: Woven fabrics are the most common example of flat textile materials used in the manufacturing of clothing, decorative, technical, and special purpose products. Increasing expectations regarding the variety of fabric uses have prompted researchers to seek the optimal applied properties of fabrics as well as their internal structure. Woven fabric as a complex textile product, with advantages and disadvantages of the fibres and yarns on one side as well as of the way of manufacturing and finishing on the other, is an interesting, however not thoroughly acquainted, study case. The article presents the possibility of modelling mechanical properties of a dedicated woven product, shaping the bending stiffness of technical woven structures intended for pipe conveyor belts, structures as sound-absorbing barriers and multi-axis woven structures used to reinforce composites. These are a few examples of developed, dedicated woven structures of specific purpose.
Validation of diffusion tensor imaging measures of nigrostriatal Validation of diffusion tensor imaging measures of nigrostriatal neurons in macaques neurons in macaques

Objective Interpretation of diffusion MRI in the living brain requires validation against gold standard histological measures. We compared diffusion values of the nigrostriatal tract to PET and histological results in non-human primates (NHPs) with varying degrees of unilateral nigrostriatal injury induced by MPTP, a toxin selective for dopaminergic neurons. Methods Sixteen NHPs had MRI and PET scans of three different presynaptic radioligands and blinded video-based motor ratings before and after unilateral carotid artery infusion of variable doses of MPTP. Diffusion measures of connections between midbrain and striatum were calculated. Then animals were euthanized to quantify striatal dopamine concentration, stereologic measures of striatal tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunostained fiber density and unbiased stereologic counts of TH stained nigral cells.
Mixed workload management in-memory databases

The fast-paced business environment in most industries requires analytical applications to report on the latest data of an enterprise. Today, organizations either rely on data warehouses, which make flexible reporting on up-to-date data almost impossible, or maintain copies of operational data, leading to increased costs and architectural complexity. In-memory database management systems (DBMS) on multicore CPUs are a promising platform to run analytical queries (OLAP) directly on operational data, in addition to processing load from transactional queries (OLTP). To meet response time requirements of both types of queries on a single system, some form of workload management has to be implemented to avoid system overload. Consequently, the early-stage PhD project described in this paper targets to design a workload manager optimized for mixed workloads on in-memory databases. At this stage, we envision a DBMS-internal workload management system that assigns as many resources to OLTP queries as necessary to meet response time requirements and schedules OLAP queries on the remaining resources. To minimize overall OLAP response time, we intend to leverage the underlying multicore architecture by scheduling available resources on the level of atomic database tasks, thereby considering cache behavior and the degree of parallelism. We believe that existing solutions in this area fall short for two reasons: (1) they do not consider the different response time requirements of both, operational and analytical applications, and (2) they do not take characteristics of modern in-memory DBMS, such as cache access patterns and massive parallel execution, into account. Our findings will be verified in the context of enterprise computing by using workloads from real-life enterprise systems.
A reliability-aware medium access control for unidirectional time-constrained WSNs

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are gaining in importance with an increasing need for interconnectivity in the advent of Internet of Things. A WSN typically consists of bidirectional nodes that are able to transmit and receive data. However, in applications such as home automation and body area networks, data needs to be conveyed in one direction, i.e., from sensors to a sink, in a single-hop network. Hence, unidirectional nodes can be used instead reducing costs in a considerable manner. Since unidirectional nodes are unable to acknowledge or retransmit packets, the resulting networks are strongly unreliable. To overcome this problem, we propose a medium access control (MAC) technique that can be configured to meet desired reliability requirements while fulfilling a maximum delay constraint or deadline. Our technique is based on a probabilistic analysis of packet losses in the worst case and allows, in contrast to other approaches from the literature, a more energy-efficient design. In order to evaluate the proposed technique, we present a large set of experiments and detailed simulations based on OMNeT++.
European Journal of Mathematics and Science Education

: The study investigated the impact of YouTube video assisted instructions (YVAI) on pre-service teachers’(PSTs) attitudes and academic performance in chemistry classroom. A quasi-experimental design was adopted for the study. One hundred and twenty (120) Pre-Service Teachers (PSTs) pursuing primary education programme constituted the participants of the study. Sixty (60) PSTs each were non-randomly assigned to the Experimental Group (EG) and Control Group (CG). Data on PSTs’ attitude and performance were collected with PSTAS and GCPT respectively. The SPSS software version 20 was used to analyse the data to generate descriptive and inferential statistics. A non-parametric analysis was used in the inferential statistics. The attitude means rank (MR=78.62) of EG (U = 713.000, Z=-6.924, p <.001) was statistically higher than CG (MR=42.38) (U = 713.000, Z=-6.924, p <.001) after treatment. The EG after treatment recorded a mean rank (80.86) statistically higher than CG (40.14), U = 578.500, Z = -6.441, p <. 001 after treatment. YVAI was proven as an effective instructional strategy that enhances learners’ altitudinal changes and performance. The study recommended the use of YouTube technological-driven instructions to support classroom instructions.
Would a Privacy Fundamentalist Sell Their DNA for $1000 ... If Nothing Bad Happened as a Result? The Westin Categories, Behavioral Intentions, and Consequences

Allison Woodruff Google 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy Mountain View, CA 94043 woodruff@acm.org Vasyl Pihur Google 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy Mountain View, CA 94043 vpihur@google.com Sunny Consolvo Google 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy Mountain View, CA 94043 sconsolvo@google.com Lauren Schmidt Google 1600 Amphitheatre Pkwy Mountain View, CA 94043 schmidtl@google.com Laura Brandimarte Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Av. HBH 2105C Pittsburgh, PA 15213 lbrandim@andrew.cmu. edu Alessandro Acquisti Carnegie Mellon University 5000 Forbes Av. HBH 2105C Pittsburgh, PA 15213 acquisti@andrew.cmu. edu
Application of the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System in thyroid ultrasonography interpretation by less experienced physicians

Purpose: To verify the usefulness of the Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (TI-RADS) for thyroid nodule diagnosis by less experienced physicians. Methods: From March 2012 to May 2012, ultrasonography-guided fine needle aspiration was performed in 204 thyroid nodules in 195 consecutive patients by four less experienced radiologists (<1 year in thyroid imaging). The number of suspicious ultrasonography features and the total risk score of each thyroid nodule were calculated according to the previous two models suggested by Kwak et al. The Delong method was used to compare the areas under the curve (AUCs) of the two models. Associations between the two models and the risk of malignancy were analyzed using penalized B-splines and the Cochran-Armitage trend test. Results: Among 204 thyroid nodules, 65 were malignant and 139 were benign. The probability of malignancy tended to increase as the number of suspicious ultrasonography features, and the sum of risk scores increased. There was no significant difference in the AUCs of the two models (P=0.673). The Cochran-Armitage trend test demonstrated an increased risk of malignancy as the number of suspicious ultrasonography features and the total risk score increased (P=0.001). Conclusion: Both the number of suspicious ultrasonography features and the total risk score are applicable and show comparable results in the risk stratification of thyroid nodules by less experienced radiologists in thyroid imaging.
Fractional Flow Reserve: From Homeland to Colony

IntRoductIon In current catheter research, there are 3 main directions with respect to fractional flow reserve (FFR), including instantaneous wave‐free ratio, noninvasive measurement of FFR, and FFR transferred from coronary circulation to other ischemia‐inducing circulation. Recently, an interesting study was published, in which FFR was performed to diagnose and guide stenting in chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI). [1] We herein highlighted, the implications and limitations of FFR from coronary artery to renal artery and mesenteric artery for future investigations, respectively.
Tuberculosis in Antiretroviral Treatment Services in Resource-Limited Settings: Addressing the Challenges of Screening and Diagnosis

The high burden of tuberculosis (TB) among patients accessing antiretroviral treatment (ART) services in resource-limited settings is a major cause of morbidity and mortality and is associated with nosocomial transmission risk. These risks are greatly compounded by multidrug-resistant disease. Screening and diagnosis of TB in this clinical setting is difficult. However, progress has been made in defining a high-sensitivity, standardized symptom screening tool that assesses a combination of symptoms, rather than relying on report of cough alone. Moreover, newly emerging diagnostic tools show great promise in providing more rapid diagnosis of TB, which is predominantly sputum smear–negative. These include culture-based systems, simplified versions of nucleic acid amplification tests (such as the Xpert MTB/RIF assay), and detection of lipoarabinomannan antigen in urine. In addition, new molecular diagnostics now permit rapid detection of drug resistance. Further development and implementation of these tools is vital to permit rapid and effective screening for TB in ART services, which is an essential component of patient care.
Understanding and Detecting Real-World Safety Issues in Rust

—Rust is a relatively new programming language designed for systems software development. Its objective is to combine the safety guarantees typically associated with high-level languages with the performance efﬁciency often found in executable programs implemented in low-level languages. The core design of Rust is a set of strict safety rules enforced through compile-time checks. However, to support more low-level controls, Rust also allows programmers to bypass its compiler checks by writing unsafe code. As the adoption of Rust grows in the development of safety-critical software, it becomes increasingly important to understand what safety issues may elude Rust’s compiler checks and manifest in real Rust programs. In this paper, we conduct a comprehensive, empirical study of Rust safety issues by close, manual inspection of 70 memory bugs, 100 concurrency bugs, and 110 programming errors leading to unexpected execution panics from ﬁve open-source Rust projects, ﬁve widely-used Rust libraries, and two online security databases. Our study answers three important questions: what memory-safety issues real Rust programs have, what concurrency bugs Rust programmers make, and how unexpected panics in Rust programs are caused. Our study reveals interesting real-world Rust program behaviors and highlights new issues made by Rust programmers. Building upon the ﬁndings of our study, we design and implement ﬁve static detectors. After being applied to the studied Rust programs and another 12 selected Rust projects, our checkers pinpoint 96 previously unknown bugs and report a negligible number of false positives, conﬁrming their effectiveness and the value of our empirical study.
Noise-Adaptive Margin-Based Active Learning and Lower Bounds under Tsybakov Noise Condition

We present a simple noise-robust margin-based active learn-ing algorithm to find homogeneous (passing the origin) linearseparators and analyze its error convergence when labels arecorrupted by noise. We show that when the imposed noisesatisfies the Tsybakov low noise condition (Mammen, Tsy-bakov, and others 1999; Tsybakov 2004) the algorithm is ableto adapt to unknown level of noise and achieves optimal sta-tistical rate up to polylogarithmic factors. We also derive lower bounds for margin based active learningalgorithms under Tsybakov noise conditions (TNC) for themembership query synthesis scenario (Angluin 1988). Ourresult implies lower bounds for the stream based selectivesampling scenario (Cohn 1990) under TNC for some fairlysimple data distributions. Quite surprisingly, we show that thesample complexity cannot be improved even if the underly-ing data distribution is as simple as the uniform distributionon the unit ball. Our proof involves the construction of a well-separated hypothesis set on the d-dimensional unit ball alongwith carefully designed label distributions for the Tsybakovnoise condition. Our analysis might provide insights for otherforms of lower bounds as well.
Proportion of gynecologic cancer patients using complementary and alternative medicine.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) for treatment of cancer and for supportive care of cancer patients must be clearly separated. There is encouraging evidence for CAM in the latter area, such as acupuncture and progressive muscle relaxation for chemotherapy-related nausea and vomiting, and aromatherapy for decreasing anxiety and increasing quality of life. However, there are limited data about CAM used by gynecologic cancer patients, especially in Thai women. Therefore, the authors aimed to investigate the proportion and types of CAM using in our gynecologic cancer patients. METHODS This cross-sectional survey was conducted between October to December, 2008. Totals of 50 admitted and 50 walk-in gynecologic cancer patients 1 month after diagnosis, aged more than 20 years and able to give informed consent, were selected for one-by-one interview by random walking survey. RESULTS Among the 100 interviewed patients, aged 21-69 (mean=50.12), there were 46 cases of cervical cancers, 35 of ovarian cancers, 18 of endometrial cancers (two of these also had ovarian cancers), 2 of malignant gestational trophoblastic diseases, 1 of vulvar cancer, and 1 liver cancer (in a patient with ovarian cancer). Some 67% (95% CI, 57.8-76.2%) of them used CAM. As diet modifications, 11 used Chinese vegetarian, 8 common vegetarian, 5 Cheewajit, and 1 macrobiotics. Five of them used dietary supplements while colonic detoxification was emplyed in three. As herbal medicines, 27 used Thai herbs, 4 Chinese herbs, and 1 a herbal sauna. Twelve were receiving Thai massage. As exercises, 23 used aerobics and 5 stretching. Interestingly, 62 of them used Buddhist praying while only 3 employed native magic. CONCLUSIONS The three most common forms of CAM used by our gynecologic cancer patients were Buddhist praying (62/67, 92.5%), followed by herbal medicines (27/67, 40.3%) and exercises (25/67, 37.3%).