Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
2-year follow-up report on micromotion of a short tibia stem

Background and purpose — A shortened tibial stem could influence the early prosthetic fixation. We therefore compared the short stem to the standard-length stem using radiostereometric analysis (RSA) as primary outcome measure. Patients and methods — 60 patients were randomized to receive a cemented Triathlon total knee arthroplasty (TKA) with a tibial tray of either standard or short stem length. The patients were blinded regarding treatment allocation. The micromotion of the tibial component was measured by RSA postoperatively, at 3 months, and after 1 and 2 years; clinical outcome was measured with the American Knee Society score (AKSS) and the knee osteoarthritis and injury outcome score (KOOS). Results — The maximum total point motion (MTPM) for the standard stem was 0.36 (SD 0.16) mm at 3 months, 0.51 (SD 0.27) mm at 1 year, and 0.54 (SD 0.28) mm at 2 years. For the short stem, it was 0.42 (0.24) mm, 0.59 (0.43) mm, and 0.61 (0.39) mm. 4 short-stemmed components and 2 standard-stemmed components had more than 0.2 mm of migration between the first- and second-year follow-up, and were classified as continuously migrating. Interpretation — The short-stemmed cemented tibial prosthesis showed an early prosthetic migratory pattern similar to that of the standard-stemmed cemented Triathlon knee prosthesis. The number of continuously migrating tibial plates in each group is predictive of a lower revision rate than 5% at 10 years.
Sugar Accumulation Cycle in Sugar Cane. II. Relationship of Invertase Activity to Sugar Content & Growth Rate in Storage Tissue of Plants Grown in Controlled Environments.

Immature internodes of sugar cane contain an acid invertase with optimum activity between pH 5.0 and 5.5 (1,2). The level of this enzyme shows marked seasonal variation, being high when growth is rapid and low otherwise. Acid invertase is absent from mature internodes of sugar cane varieties with a high capacity for sugar storage, which instead contain a neutral invertase with optimum activity at pH 7.0. In this paper, we report measurements of acid and neutral invertase activities, rates of elongation of internodes, and sugar contents of plants which were subjected to different temperature and water regimes in controlled environment greenhouses.
The Relationship Between Psychotherapist Burnout and Satisfaction with Leisure Activities

This study investigated the relationship between involvement in leisure time activities and psychotherapist burnout. A 404 response rate was obtained from a randomized sample of psychologifts from Divisions 29 and 42 of the American Psychological Association. Subjects completed a demographic questionnaire, the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), and the Leisure Satisfaction Scale (LSS). Results confirmed that leisure satisfaction was significantly correlated with decreased burnout. Specific burnout and leisure variables were examined, including various types of leisure and professional activities. Relaxational leisure activities correlated significantly with decreased burnout, and psychological testing and report writing correlated significantly with increased burnout. Various other demographic characteristics wcrc also found to be significantly correlated with burnout.
Spatial Continuum Models of Rods Undergoing Large Deformation and Inflation

Quaternions without unity constraint are used as configuration variables for rotational degrees of freedom of Cosserat rod models, thereby naturally incorporating inflation as well as bending, twisting, extension, and shear deformations of elongate robotic manipulators. The configuration space becomes isomorphic to a subspace of 7-D real-valued functions; thus, an unconstrained local minimizer of total potential energy is a static equilibrium. The ensuing calculus of variations is automated by computer algebra to derive weak-form integral equations that are easily translated to a finite-element package for efficient computation using internal forces. Discontinuities in strain variables are handled in a numerically reliable way. Inextensible, unshearable rod models are derived simply by taking limits of corresponding stiffness parameters. The same procedure facilitates unified software code for both flexible and rigid segments. Simulation experiments with an inflating tube, a helical coil, and a magnetic catheter produce good-quality results and indicate that the computational effort of the proposed method is about two orders of magnitude less than common 3-D finite-element models of large deformation nonlinear elasticity.
Achieving high mass‐throughput of therapeutic proteins through parvovirus retentive filters

Parvovirus retentive filters that assure removal of viruses and virus‐like particles during the production of therapeutic proteins significantly contribute to total manufacturing costs. Operational approaches that can increase throughput and reduce filtration area would result in a significant cost savings. A combination of methods was used to achieve high throughputs of an antibody or therapeutic protein solution through three parvovirus retentive filters. These methods included evaluation of diatomaceous earth or size‐based prefilters, the addition of additives, and the optimization of protein concentration, temperature, buffer composition, and solution pH. An optimum temperature of 35°C was found for maximizing throughput through the Virosart CPV and Viresolve Pro filters. Mass‐throughput values of 7.3, 26.4, and 76.2 kg/m2 were achieved through the Asahi Planova 20N, Virosart CPV, and Viresolve Pro filters, respectively, in 4 h of processing. Mass‐throughput values of 73, 137, and 192 kg/m2 were achieved through a Millipore Viresolve Pro filter in 4.0, 8.8, and 22.1 h of processing, respectively, during a single experiment. However, large‐scale parvovirus filtration operations are typically controlled to limit volumetric throughput to below the level achieved during small‐scale virus spiking experiments. The virus spike may cause significant filter plugging, limiting throughput. Therefore newer parvovirus filter spiking strategies should be adopted that may lead to more representative viral clearance data and higher utilization of large‐scale filter capacity. © 2010 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog. , 2010
Research Area Markets and Political Economy Research Unit Market Processes and Governance Forschungsschwerpunkt Markt Und Politische Ökonomie Abteilung Marktprozesse Und Steuerung Electoral Poaching and Party Identification

This paper studies electoral competition in a model of redistributive politics with deterministic voting and heterogeneous voter loyalties to political parties. We construct a natural measure of "party strength" based on the sizes and intensities of a party's loyal voter segments and demonstrate how party behavior varies with the two parties' strengths. In equilibrium, parties target or "poach" a strict subset of the opposition party's loyal voters: offering those voters a high expected transfer, while "freezing out" the remainder with a zero transfer. The size of the subset of opposition voters frozen out and, consequently, the level of inequality in utilities generated by a party's equilibrium redistribution schedule is increasing in the opposition party's strength. We also construct a measure of "political polarization" that is increasing in the sum and symmetry of the parties' strengths, and find that the expected ex-post inequality in utilities of the implemented policy is increasing in political polarization. des Nutzens der implementierten Politik ansteigt, je stärker die politische Polarisierung ist.
Platelet‐associated antibodies, cellular immunity and FCGR3a genotype influence the response to rituximab in immune thrombocytopenia

Rituximab is widely used in autoimmune diseases including immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), although the mechanism of effect remains unclear. This study describes the effects of rituximab on platelet‐associated antibodies (PA‐APAs), B and T cell counts and clonality ( IGHV and TRG@ gene rearrangements), FCGR3A (FcγRIIIa) and FCGR2A (FcγRIIa) polymorphisms and correlation to anti‐CD40 ligand (CD40L) response. PA‐APA levels fell more frequently in responders (6/8) than in non‐responders (2/10: P = 0·08–0·15). Two responders had no PA‐APAs. Two non‐responders with a fall in PA‐APAs had very high CD8 levels. One non‐responder had a B cell clone, one responder and one non‐responder had a T cell clone. 15/16 patients had the same responses to rituximab and antiCD40L. Patients with FCGR3A V/V polymorphisms were more likely to respond to rituximab (P = 0·03). In summary, the fall in PA‐APAs in responders confirms the humoural effect of rituximab. Failure to respond in patients with very high CD8 levels, despite PA‐APA fall indicates a role for T cell‐mediated platelet/megakaryocyte destruction. Concordance of response to anti‐CD40L suggests autoantibody‐producing cells are under T cell control. Finally, the effect of FCGR polymorphisms on response confirms the importance of FCGR‐mediated depletion of B cells in autoimmunity. This has implications on the pathology of ITP as well as the immunological effect of B cell depletion.
Entropy Based Pruning for Non-Negative Matrix Based Language Models with Contextual Features

Non-negative matrix based language models have been recently introduced [1] as a computationally efficient alternative to other feature-based models such as maximum-entropy models. We present a new entropy based pruning algorithm for this class of language models, which is fast and scalable. We present perplexity and word error rate results and compare these against regular n-gram pruning. We also train models with location and personalization features and report results at various pruning thresholds. We demonstrate that contextual features are helpful over the vanilla model even after pruning to a similar size.
Radio Frequency Heating Coils for Shock Wave Experiments

Radio-frequency eddy current heating of metallic samples in shock wave, ultrasonic and diamond anvil apparatus provides a methodology for obtaining hot samples or hot metallic gaskets (containing a sample) and yet not heating the entire target, ultrasonic assembly or diamond cell. Analysis of a previous design of a radio-frequency (∼0.5 MHz) coil demonstrated that the center of 13 mm diameter shock wave experiment sample discs were underheated and the experimental temperatures achieved resulted from conduction of heat from the overheated sample edges relative to the center of the sample. We show, using the Biot-Savant law, that the ratio of magnetic field in the center to that at the edge of the sample, f, can be maximized to a value of f=1.8, by decreasing the radius of the heater coil, relative to the 13 mm diameter of sample. A simple analysis provides the thermal gradient across the sample thickness. An electric skin depth for iron of ∼1 mm for the 0.45 MHz frequency of the heater power supply of our system is obtained. This leads to a maximum temperature gradient of ∼52 K over the 4 mm thickness of the shock wave sample discs.
Transgenic mice as a model to study the regulation of human transferrin expression in Sertoli cells.

BACKGROUND Understanding the regulation of proteins secreted by human Sertoli cells is important for identifying the causes of infertility in men. However, experiments with Sertoli cells purified from healthy testes are difficult to perform, for obvious ethical reasons. Therefore, experiments with transgenic mouse models could provide an alternative approach to study the function and regulation of a human gene in Sertoli cells. METHODS To validate this approach, transgenic mice were generated using phage P1 containing an 80 kbp insert encompassing the complete human transferrin (hTf) gene. The expression pattern of hTf in the mouse background was analysed by isolating Sertoli cells from transgenic mice and comparing the regulation of the human and mouse Tf genes by hormones, retinoids and a cytokine in vitro. RESULTS The hTf gene in transgenic mice shows a tissue-specific expression pattern that mimics the pattern observed in the human. In Sertoli cell cultures, FSH, insulin, retinol or tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) stimulated hTf secretion, while testosterone alone had no effect. A combination of FSH, insulin, retinol and testosterone or a combination of TNF-alpha and retinol stimulated hTf secretion, but no additive effect was observed. CONCLUSION Besides their well-known advantages, transgenic mice seem to be useful models to recapitulate the normal regulation of a human gene.
Receipt of vaginal brachytherapy is associated with improved survival in women with stage I endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterus: A National Cancer Data Base study

Randomized controlled trials have consistently shown that the use of postoperative radiotherapy (RT) for stage I endometrial cancer leads to a reduction in the incidence of pelvic recurrences without a corresponding reduction in overall mortality. It was hypothesized that a reduction in mortality associated with the receipt of RT could be identified in a large data set with greater statistical power.
Tumor Targeting with Radiolabeled v 3 Integrin Binding Peptides in a Nude Mouse Model

The v 3 integrin is expressed on proliferating endothelial cells such as those present in growing tumors, as well as on tumor cells of various origin. Tumor-induced angiogenesis can be blocked in vivo by antagonizing the v 3 integrin with small peptides containing the Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) amino acid sequence. This tripeptidic sequence, naturally present in extracellular matrix proteins, is the primary binding site of the v 3 integrin. Because of selective expression of v 3 integrin in tumors, radiolabeled RGD peptides are attractive candidates for v 3 integrin targeting in tumors. We studied the in vivo behavior of the radiolabeled dimeric RGD peptide E-[c(RGDfK)]2 in the NIH:OVCAR-3 s.c. ovarian carcinoma xenograft model in BALB/c nude mice. Conjugation of the 1,4,7,10-tetraazadodecane-N,N ,N ,N -tetraacetic acid (DOTA) and hydrazinonicotinamide (HYNIC) chelators enabled efficient radiolabeling with In/Y and Tc, respectively. The radiolabeled peptide was rapidly excreted renally. Uptake in nontarget organs such as liver and spleen was considerable. Tumor uptake peaked at 7.5% injected dose (ID)/g (In-DOTA-E-[c(RGDfK)]2) or 6.0%ID/g ( Tc-HYNIC-E[c(RGDfK)]2) at 2 and 1 h postinjection, respectively. Integrin v 3 receptor binding specificity was demonstrated by reduced tumor uptake after injection of the scrambled control peptide In-DOTA-E-[c(RDKfD)]2 (0.28%ID/g at 2 h p.i.) and after coinjection of excess nonradioactive In-DOTA-E-[c(RGDfK)]2 (0.22%ID/g at 2 h p.i.). A single injection of Y-DOTA-E-[c(RGDfK)]2 at the maximum-tolerated dose (37 MBq) in mice with small s.c. tumors caused a significant growth delay as compared with mice treated with 37 MBq Y-labeled scrambled peptide or untreated mice (median survival of 54 versus 33.5 versus 19 days, respectively). In conclusion, the radiolabeled RGD peptides In-DOTAE-[c(RGDfK)]2 and Tc-HYNIC-E-[c(RGDfK)]2 demonstrated high and specific tumor uptake in a human tumor xenograft. Injection of Y-DOTA-E-[c(RGDfK)]2 induced a significant delay in tumor growth. Potentially, these peptides can be used for peptide receptor radionuclide imaging as well as therapy.
Urinary Tract Infection in Postmenopausal Women

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the most common bacterial infection in women in general and in postmenopausal women in particular. Two groups of elderly women with recurrent UTI should be differentiated regarding age and general status: healthy, young postmenopausal women aged 50 to 70 years who are neither institutionalized or catheterized and elderly institutionalized women with or without a catheter. Bacteriuria occurs more often in elderly functionally impaired women, but in general it is asymptomatic. However, the risk factors associated with recurrent UTI in elderly women are not widely described. In a multivariate analysis it was found that urinary incontinence, a history of UTI before menopause, and nonsecretor status were strongly associated with recurrent UTI in young postmenopausal women. Another study described the incidence and risk factors of acute cystitis among nondiabetic and diabetic postmenopausal women. Independent predictors of infection included insulin-treated patients and a lifetime history of urinary infection. Borderline associations included a history of vaginal estrogen cream use in the past month, kidney stones, and asymptomatic bacteriuria at baseline. Another important factor in postmenopausal women is the potential role that estrogen deficiency plays in the development of bacteriuria. There are at least two studies showing a beneficial effect of estrogen in the management of recurrent bacteriuria in elderly women. One of these studies showed that vaginal estrogen cream reduced vaginal pH from 5.5±0.7 to 3.6±1.0, restored lactobacillus, and decreased new episodes of UTI. Another study reported similar results using an estriol vaginal ring. However, contradictory results are found in the literature. For example, additional studies found that the use of estriol-containing vaginal pessaries was less effective than oral nitrofurantoin macrocrystals in preventing UTI in postmenopausal women. Two other studies also did not find any benefit in the reduction of UTI by oral estrogen therapy. Unfortunately, the use of estrogen in preventing UTI in postmenopausal women remains questionable. New strategies have been researched for reducing the use of antibiotics in the prevention and treatment of UTI. Two of them are probiotics and cranberry juice or capsules. Although several studies regarding probiotics and cranberry juice or capsules have reported a reduction of episodes of UTI, there is no conclusive evidence that they are useful in the prevention of UTI in postmenopausal women. As for the optimal drug, dosage, and length of treatment for UTI in the elderly, there are no studies comparing these data with the treatment for young women.
The Young Age of the Extremely Metal-deficient Blue Compact Dwarf Galaxy SBS 1415+437

We use Multiple Mirror Telescope (MMT) spectrophotometry and Hubble Space Telescope (HST) Faint Object Spectrograph (FOS) spectra and Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 (WFPC2) V and I images to study the properties and evolutionary status of the nearby (D = 11.4 Mpc) extremely metal-deficient blue compact dwarf (BCD) galaxy SBS 1415+437 (≡CG 389). The oxygen abundance in the galaxy is 12 + log(O/H) = 7.60 ± 0.01 or Z☉/21. The helium mass fraction in SBS 1415+437 is Y = 0.246 ± 0.004, which agrees with the primordial helium abundance determined by Izotov & Thuan using a much larger sample of BCDs. The α elements-to-oxygen abundance ratios (Ne/O, S/O, Ar/O) are in very good agreement with the mean values for other metal-deficient BCDs and are consistent with the scenario that these elements are made in massive stars. The Fe/O abundance ratio is ~2 times smaller than the solar ratio. The Si/O ratio is close to the solar value, implying that silicon is not significantly depleted into dust grains. The values of the N/O and C/O ratios imply that intermediate-mass stars have not had time to evolve in SBS 1415+437 and release their nucleosynthesis products and that both N and C in the BCD have been made by massive stars only. This sets an upper limit of ~100 Myr on the age of SBS 1415+437. The V and I surface brightness profiles of SBS 1415+437 are well fitted by exponentials implying that the galaxy is a disklike system. The velocity distribution derived from the Hα and [O III] 5007 Å emission lines indicates a solid-body rotation with a rotational velocity of 80 km s-1. The dynamical mass is ~13 times larger than the gas mass, implying that most of the mass in SBS 1415+437 is in the form of dark matter. The (V-I) color of the low surface brightness component of the galaxy is blue (≲0.4 mag), indicative of a very young underlying stellar population. The (V-I) versus I color-magnitude diagrams of the resolved stellar populations in different regions of SBS 1415+437 suggest propagating star formation from the northeast side of the galaxy to the southwest. All regions in SBS 1415+437 possess very blue spectral energy distributions (SED). By comparing the observed SEDs to theoretical SEDs that include both stellar and gaseous emission, we find that the ages of the stellar populations in SBS 1415+437 to range from a few Myr to 100 Myr. Thus chemical abundances, color profiles and spectral energy distributions all say that SBS 1415+437 is a truly young galaxy that did not start to make stars until ~100 Myr ago.
Changes in Nitric Oxide Releases of the Contralateral Acupoint during and after Laser Acupuncture at Bilateral Same-Name Acupoints in Human

Objective The purpose of the study was to examine the effects of laser acupuncture (LA) at right Neiguan (RPC6)/left Neiguan (LPC6) acupoints on the releases of nitric oxide (NO) in the treated and contralateral/nontreated PC6, compared to the nonacupoint control area. Methods 24 mW LA at RPC6, LPC6, and nonacupoint in 22 healthy subjects for 40 min: sterilized dialysis tube was taped to the nontreated PC6/nonacupoint during the treatment and immediately taped to the treated and nontreated PC6/nonacupoint after LA removal. NO-scavenging compound was injected into the tube for 40 min to absorb the molecular which was tested by spectrophotometry in a blinded fashion. Results LA-induced NO releases over PC6 acupoints for the nontreated and treated sides all significantly increased after LA removal, but for the nontreated acupoints they did not change during LA stimulation. LA at RPC6 induced the more release of the NO at contralateral side than stimulating LPC6, but not on nonacupoints. The results suggest that LA-induced NO release over contralateral acupoint and NO release resulting from the lateralized specificity all are different and specific to the acupoint within different time course. Conclusions LA-evoked NO release over acupoints could improve the neurogenic, endothelial activity of the vessel wall to further facilitate microcirculation.
Identical Functional Organization of Nonpolytene and Polytene Chromosomes in Drosophila melanogaster

Salivary gland polytene chromosomes demonstrate banding pattern, genetic meaning of which is an enigma for decades. Till now it is not known how to mark the band/interband borders on physical map of DNA and structures of polytene chromosomes are not characterized in molecular and genetic terms. It is not known either similar banding pattern exists in chromosomes of regular diploid mitotically dividing nonpolytene cells. Using the newly developed approach permitting to identify the interband material and localization data of interband-specific proteins from modENCODE and other genome-wide projects, we identify physical limits of bands and interbands in small cytological region 9F13-10B3 of the X chromosome in D. melanogaster, as well as characterize their general molecular features. Our results suggests that the polytene and interphase cell line chromosomes have practically the same patterns of bands and interbands reflecting, probably, the basic principle of interphase chromosome organization. Two types of bands have been described in chromosomes, early and late-replicating, which differ in many aspects of their protein and genetic content. As appeared, origin recognition complexes are located almost totally in the interbands of chromosomes.