Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Developing E-government maturity framework based on COBIT 5 and implementing in city level: Case study Depok city and South Tangerang city

The use of E-Government in achieving good governance has been done by government to serve citizen nowadays. However, not all local government were able to implement it. PeGI that has been used as a benchmark to check government's readiness rate in implementing E-Government can't describe all process that need to be assessed in developing local E-Government. Moreover, the emergence of social problems, such as organizational culture and human resource management which inhibits maturation of local E-Government. Therefore, it needs one general maturity framework which capable to guide local government to develop their own E-Government and able to address social problems that arise. This study is the incorporation of previous research results using meta-synthesis method combine with best practice, primary in COBIT 5 that has been adjusted to address a factor of social problems. The design framework begins with identifying the business principle of local government, stakeholders, concerns, requirements, and obstacles; thus, produced a model of maturity framework that has six types stages, eight types dimensions, four types main categories and 69 types sub-category of assessment processes. In the end, after the framework was tested and evaluated, we can conclude this framework already comply with PeGI's result. From local government who had the best PeGI's result, they had main problem in social issues and in documenting process. For local government with very low PeGI's result, they had common constraints related to IT (low understanding of IT governance and IT management, lack of infrastructure, human resources, and understanding how to use IT Master Plan).
Early Clinical Features of Dengue Virus Infection in Nicaraguan Children: A Longitudinal Analysis

Background Tens of millions of dengue cases and approximately 500,000 life-threatening complications occur annually. New tools are needed to distinguish dengue from other febrile illnesses. In addition, the natural history of pediatric dengue early in illness in a community-based setting has not been well-defined. Methods Data from the multi-year, ongoing Pediatric Dengue Cohort Study of approximately 3,800 children aged 2–14 years in Managua, Nicaragua, were used to examine the frequency of clinical signs and symptoms by day of illness and to generate models for the association of signs and symptoms during the early phase of illness and over the entire course of illness with testing dengue-positive. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using generalized estimating equations (GEE) for repeated measures, adjusting for age and gender. Results One-fourth of children who tested dengue-positive did not meet the WHO case definition for suspected dengue. The frequency of signs and symptoms varied by day of illness, dengue status, and disease severity. Multivariable GEE models showed increased odds of testing dengue-positive associated with fever, headache, retro-orbital pain, myalgia, arthralgia, rash, petechiae, positive tourniquet test, vomiting, leukopenia, platelets ≤150,000 cells/mL, poor capillary refill, cold extremities and hypotension. Estimated ORs tended to be higher for signs and symptoms over the course of illness compared to the early phase of illness. Conclusions Day-by-day analysis of clinical signs and symptoms together with longitudinal statistical analysis showed significant associations with testing dengue-positive and important differences during the early phase of illness compared to the entire course of illness. These findings stress the importance of considering day of illness when developing prediction algorithms for real-time clinical management.
Learning a Lexicon and Translation Model from Phoneme Lattices

Language documentation begins by gathering speech. Manual or automatic transcription at the word level is typically not possible because of the absence of an orthography or prior lexicon, and though manual phone-mic transcription is possible, it is prohibitively slow. On the other hand, translations of the minority language into a major language are more easily acquired. We propose a method to harness such translations to improve automatic phoneme recognition. The method assumes no prior lexicon or translation model, instead learning them from phoneme lattices and translations of the speech being transcribed. Experiments demonstrate phoneme error rate improvements against two baselines and the model’s ability to learn useful bilingual lexical entries.
Outcomes of population based language promotion for slow to talk toddlers at ages 2 and 3 years: Let’s Learn Language cluster randomised controlled trial

Objective To determine the benefits of a low intensity parent-toddler language promotion programme delivered to toddlers identified as slow to talk on screening in universal services. Design Cluster randomised trial nested in a population based survey. Setting Three local government areas in Melbourne, Australia. Participants Parents attending 12 month well child checks over a six month period completed a baseline questionnaire. At 18 months, children at or below the 20th centile on an expressive vocabulary checklist entered the trial. Intervention Maternal and child health centres (clusters) were randomly allocated to intervention (modified “You Make the Difference” programme over six weekly sessions) or control (“usual care”) arms. Main outcome measures The primary outcome was expressive language (Preschool Language Scale-4) at 2 and 3 years; secondary outcomes were receptive language at 2 and 3 years, vocabulary checklist raw score at 2 and 3 years, Expressive Vocabulary Test at 3 years, and Child Behavior Checklist/1.5-5 raw score at 2 and 3 years. Results 1217 parents completed the baseline survey; 1138 (93.5%) completed the 18 month checklist, when 301 (26.4%) children had vocabulary scores at or below the 20th centile and were randomised (158 intervention, 143 control). 115 (73%) intervention parents attended at least one session (mean 4.5 sessions), and most reported high satisfaction with the programme. Interim outcomes at age 2 years were similar in the two groups. Similarly, at age 3 years, adjusted mean differences (intervention−control) were −2.4 (95% confidence interval −6.2 to 1.4; P=0.21) for expressive language; −0.3 (−4.2 to 3.7; P=0.90) for receptive language; 4.1 (−2.3 to 10.6; P=0.21) for vocabulary checklist; −0.5 (−4.4 to 3.4; P=0.80) for Expressive Vocabulary Test; −0.1 (−1.6 to 1.4; P=0.86) for externalising behaviour problems; and −0.1 (−1.3 to 1.2; P=0. 92) for internalising behaviour problems. Conclusion This community based programme targeting slow to talk toddlers was feasible and acceptable, but little evidence was found that it improved language or behaviour either immediately or at age 3 years. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN20953675.
Expatriate social ties: Personality antecedents and consequences for adjustment

This expaloratory study examines the relationship between personality characteristics (extraversion, core self evaluations), social tie characteristics (number, breadth, depth), and three types of expatriate adjustment (general, interaction, and work). Data was collected at two points in time from 75 expatriate employees from one organization on international assignments around the world. Results indicate that core self-evaluations, but not extraversion, are positively related to the number of ties formed with other expatriates and host country nationals. Social ties with other expatriates were found to provide greater social support, but similar access to information, than those with host country nationals (HCNs). In general, depth and breadth of relationships with other expatriates predicted general and work adjustment; whereas, breadth and total number of relationships with HCNs predicted all three types of adjustment. Overall, these results provide initial support for the importance of social ties in facilitating expatriate adjustment.
Gastrointestinal parasites of birds in zoological gardens in south-west Nigeria.

Infections with gastrointestinal parasites are a major health issue in captive birds. However, prevalence data of gastrointestinal parasites of birds in zoological gardens in Nigeria are scarce. This study was carried out to establish the gastrointestinal parasite profile of birds kept in zoological gardens in the University of Ibadan, Obafemi Awolowo University, University of Ilorin, University of Lagos and Federal University of Agriculture Abeokuta, all in south-west Nigeria. A total of 178 fecal samples from 83 birds (14 species in eight orders) were examined using three techniques; Feacal sedimentation using ethyl acetate, McMaster Egg Counting Technique and Petri Dish-Filter Paper Slant culture technique (modified Harada-Mori Technique). A total of 39(21.9%) of the 178 samples were infected. The highest prevalence (100%) of infection was recorded in Unilag zoo and a total of five species of parasites including two protozoans (coccidian and Balantidium spp.); and three nematodes Capillaria spp. , Ascaris spp. and Strongyloides spp. ) were recorded with Capillaria spp. (14.1%) as the most prevalent gastrointestinal parasite. Mixed infections were found in 18(10.1%) samples. Strongyloides larvae were observed in 6(3.4%) samples. All Anseriformes were infected but the Struthioniformes had the highest infection rate. The geometric mean intensity of eggs ranged from 101.98 ± 10.36 to 63.00 ± 16.67 epg and oocyst counts ranged from 332.47 ± 16.67 to 297.89 ± 20.41 opg. Balantidium cyst count was 324.04 ± 25.00. Count of oocyst of coccidian species was significantly higher in all the zoos. The feacal culture yielded Strongyloides species. Regular deworming and hygienic measures are necessary to prevent gastrointestinal infections in captive birds. So also, improved funding and management are necessary to ensure sustainability of Nigerian zoological gardens.
Risk factors for severe postoperative nausea and vomiting in a randomized trial of nitrous oxide-based vs nitrous oxide-free anaesthesia.

BACKGROUND Refractory postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) requiring repeated treatment with antiemetic drugs is a miserable experience for the patient that may substantially increase the cost of care. As risk stratification may aid in prophylaxis and treatment, we explored risk factors for severe PONV in patients enrolled in a large international, randomized controlled trial (the ENIGMA trial). METHODS Two thousand and fifty patients, aged > or =18 yr and undergoing surgery anticipated to exceed 2 h in duration, were recruited. Patients were randomized to nitrous oxide (N(2)O)-based or N(2)O-free anaesthesia. Choice of other anaesthetic, analgesic, and antiemetic drugs was left to the discretion of the anaesthetist. Anaesthetic depth was adjusted according to clinical judgement and, if available, bispectral index (BIS) monitoring. Severe PONV was defined as: (i) two or more episodes of expulsion of gastric contents at least 6 h apart; (ii) received at least three doses of antiemetic medication for treatment of PONV, within 24 h of surgery; or both. We used logistic regression, and classification and regression tree analysis, to define risk factors for severe PONV. RESULTS Three hundred and thirty-three (16.6%) patients experienced severe PONV. Age <55 yr, female sex, abdominal surgery, N(2)O administration, absence of BIS monitoring, and longer duration of anaesthesia were predictors of severe PONV [area under receiver operating characteristic curve=0.70 (95% confidence interval: 0.67-0.73)]. CONCLUSIONS Severe PONV was common and risk factors for it were similar to those reported in other studies that included all patients reporting nausea, vomiting, or both.
Teaching young children a second language

This volume addresses a gamut of questions of interest to teachers of young second language learners. Why do immigrant children leave their home countries, and what are their journeys to the United States like? How do young children adjust to the new culture? What sort of dynamic prevails in immigrant families? What are young immigrants' schooling experiences like? What are language learning processes like in young children? The first part of the book contains an overview of recent ethnographic, sociological, and psycholinguistic research concerned with answering these questions. The second half of the volume focuses on classroom practice. Gordon provides an extensive overview of activities that have been proven to be effective with young language learners. Practical recommendations contained in these pages flow directly from the classroom. Gordon describes innovative second language lessons developed and implemented by ESL teachers who work with language learners enrolled in primary grades. The book places special emphasis on those instructional strategies that stir young language learners' interest while stimulating their linguistic and cognitive development.
Implant loading protocols for partially edentulous patients with extended edentulous sites--a systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to systematically review the evidence for immediate implant loading in partially edentulous patients with extended edentulous sites and evaluate potential treatment modifiers. MATERIALS AND METHODS An electronic search was performed in Medline, Embase, and Central to identify studies investigating the outcome of implants subjected to immediate loading (IL) (less than 1 week), early loading (EL) (1 week to 2 months), or conventional loading (CL) (more than 2 months) with implant-supported fixed dental prostheses (IFDPs) in partially edentulous patients with extended edentulous sites, ie, at least two adjacent teeth are missing. Only human studies with at least 10 cases and a minimum follow-up time of 12 months, reporting on solid-screw-type implants with rough surfaces and a diameter of at least 3 mm, were included. Weighted means of implant survival rates and risk ratios for implant survival at 1 year using meta-analytic tools were calculated to perform the following comparisons: IL vs EL, IL vs CL, and IL in the maxilla vs mandible. Noncomparative studies reporting on IL and EL protocols were summarized through descriptive methods. RESULTS The search provided 3,872 titles, 837 abstracts, and 444 full-text articles. A total of 24 publications that comprised six comparative studies (five randomized controlled trials, one nonrandomized controlled trial) and 18 noncomparative studies were included for analysis. The comparison of weighted mean survival rates revealed no statistically significant difference between IL (97.9%) and EL (97.8%, P = .9405), and between IL (100%) and CL (99.3%, P = .3280). Meta-analysis showed no statistically significant difference in implant survival at 1 year between IL and EL (RR 0.90; 95% CI 0.30, 2.70; P = .502). A meta-analysis comparing IL and CL could not be performed due to the low number of failures. No statistically significant difference was found for IL implants placed in the maxilla vs the mandible (RR 1.55; 95% CI 0.49, 4.84; P > .05). Due to the small number of IL implants placed in the anterior, a comparison between implant survival in anterior vs posterior zones was not performed. Treatment modifiers were bone quality, primary stability, insertion torque, ISQ values, implant length, the need for substantial bone augmentation, the timing of implant placement, and the presence of parafunctional and smoking habits. CONCLUSIONS IL presents similar implant survival rates as EL or CL for partially edentulous patients with extended edentulous sites in the posterior zone, as long as strict inclusion/exclusion criteria are followed. There is a lack of evidence for IL of multiple implants in the anterior zone of partially edentulous patients. Preliminary evidence suggests that IL may be equally successful in either the maxilla or mandible. Further research is needed before IL in partially edentulous patients with extended edentulous sites can be recommended in everyday practice.
Arsenic Sulfide Promotes Apoptosis in Retinoid Acid Resistant Human Acute Promyelocytic Leukemic NB4-R1 Cells through Downregulation of SET Protein

Tetra-arsenic tetra-sulfide (As4S4) is an arsenic compound with anti-tumor activity, especially in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) that are resistant to retinoic acid (RA). Although recent studies revealed that the therapeutic action of As4S4 is closely associated with the induction of cellular apoptosis, the exact molecular mechanism of action of As4S4 in RA-resistant APL remains to be clarified. In this study, we found that As4S4-induced apoptosis was accompanied by reduced mRNA and protein expression of SET gene in RA-resistant NB4-R1 cells. Moreover, RNAi knockdown of SET gene further promoted As4S4-induced apoptosis, while SET over-expression inhibited it, suggesting that As4S4 induces apoptosis through the reduction of SET protein in NB4-R1 cells. We also demonstrated that the knockdown of SET gene resulted in the upregulation of protein phosphatase 2 (PP2A) expression and the downregulation of promyelocytic leukemia and retinoic acid receptor α fusion gene (PML-RARα) expression, which were enhanced by As4S4 treatments. By contrast, over-expression of SET gene resulted in PP2A downregulation and PML-RARα upregulation, which were abolished by As4S4 pretreatment. Since PP2A is a pro-apoptotic factor and PMLRARα is an anti-apoptotic factor, our results suggest that As4S4-induced apoptosis in NB4-R1 cells is through the downregulation of SET protein expression, which in turn increases PP2A and reduces PML-RARα expressions to lead to cell apoptosis.
Raffinose and Stachyose Accumulation, Galactinol Synthase Expression, and Winter Injury of Contrasting Alfalfa Germplasms

Large differences in winter hardiness exist among alfalfa (Medicago saliva L.) cultivars, but the physiological and molecular bases for these differences are not understood. Our objective was to determine how raffinose family oligosaccharide (RFO) accumulation and steady state mRNA levels for galactinol synthase (GaS) in roots relate to genetic variation in alfalfa winter survival. A GaS cDNA was isolated that possesses over 70% identity with GaS clones from other plant species. Induction of GaS transcripts in crowns of winter hardy alfalfa cultivars occurred within 8 h of exposure to 2°C, and was intensified by exposing plants to -2°C for 2 wk. Galactinol synthase transcripts increased in November in crown and root tissues of winter hardy alfalfa plants. This increase was accompanied by large increases in root RFO concentrations between October and December. A close positive association between RFO accumulation in roots in December and genetic differences in winter survival was observed in these alfalfa populations. Although roots and crowns of nondormant alfalfa cultivars accumulated both GaS transcripts and RFO, accumulation was delayed until December and these cultivars did not survive winter. Understanding the mechanisms regulating GaS gene expression and subsequent RFO accumulation in roots and crowns provides opportunity to genetically improve alfalfa winter hardiness.
Decomposition responses of pine (Pinus massoniana) needles with two different nutrient-status to N deposition in a tropical pine plantation in southern China

Abstract• The effect of nitrogen (N) deposition on the decomposition of pine (Pinus massoniana) needles in a tropical pine plantation was studied. The pine needles with two different nutrient status (nutrient-rich and nutrient-poor) were used, followed by 3-levels of N treatments (Control: no N addition, Low- N: 5 g N m−2 y−1, and Medium-N: 10 g N m−2 y−1 experimental inputs), which had been applied for 26 months continuously before this experiment and continued throughout the decomposition measurement. • The main objective was to test the hypothesis that decomposition of nutrient-rich needles would be more sensitive to cumulative N deposition than the decomposition of nutrient-poor needles. • Nitrogen addition had negative effect on mass loss, and the release of N and P from decomposing nutrient-rich needles but little or no effect on the decomposition of nutrient-poor needles. In addition, a negative effect in the initial decomposition phase and a positive effect in later decay stages were found on C release. The negative effect was stronger on nutrient-rich needles than on nutrient-poor needles, but the reverse was true for the positive effect. • Our results suggest that response of litter decomposition to N deposition may vary depending on the nutrient status of the litter. Résumé• Les effets des dépôts azotés (N) sur la décomposition des aiguilles de pin ont été étudiés dans une plantation de pins tropicaux (Pinus massoniana) du Sud de la Chine. Les aiguilles de pin différentes par leur statut nutritionnel (station riche en nutriments et station pauvre en nutriments) ont été utilisées dans une expérimentation comportant 3 niveaux de traitement azoté (témoin sans apport d’azote, apport faible d’azote : 5 g N m−2 an−1, apport moyen d’azote :10 g Nm−2 an−1) qui ont été appliqués pendant une période de 26 mois avant et pendant cette expérimentation. • L’objectif principal était de tester l’hypothèse que la décomposition des aiguilles riches en nutriments devrait être plus sensible à une déposition cumulée d’azote que la décomposition des aiguilles pauvres en nutriments. • L’apport répété d’azote a eu un effet négatif sur la perte de masse et la libération d’azote et de phosphore des aiguilles de la station riche et un effet faible ou nul sur la décomposition des aiguilles de la station la plus pauvre. En outre, un effet négatif dans la phase initiale de la décomposition et un effet positif dans les phases plus tardives de la décomposition ont été mis en évidence pour la libération de carbone. L’effet négatif a été plus fort pour les aiguilles riches en nutriments que pour les aiguilles pauvres en nutriments, mais l’inverse était vrai pour ce qui concerne l’effet positif. • Nos résultats, complétés par ceux obtenus au cours d’expérimentation antérieures sur le même site, suggèrent que l’accumulation de dépôts azotés peut changer les impacts sur la décomposition des litières et que cet effet peut varier en relation avec la fertilité de la station considérée.