Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fact Checking Beyond Training Set

Evaluating the veracity of everyday claims is time consuming and in some cases requires domain expertise. We empirically demonstrate that the commonly used fact checking pipeline, known as the retriever-reader, suffers from performance deterioration when it is trained on the labeled data from one domain and used in another domain. Afterwards, we delve into each component of the pipeline and propose novel algorithms to address this problem. We propose an adversarial algorithm to make the retriever component robust against distribution shift. Our core idea is to initially train a bi-encoder on the labeled source data, and then, to adversarially train two separate document and claim encoders using unlabeled target data. We then focus on the reader component and propose to train it such that it is insensitive towards the order of claims and evidence documents. Our empirical evaluations support the hypothesis that such a reader shows a higher robustness against distribution shift. To our knowledge, there is no publicly available multi-topic fact checking dataset. Thus, we propose a simple automatic method to re-purpose two well-known fact checking datasets. We then construct eight fact checking scenarios from these datasets, and compare our model to a set of strong baseline models, including recent domain adaptation models that use GPT4 for generating synthetic data.
STATCOM-Based Indirect Torque Control of Induction Machines During Voltage Recovery After Grid Faults

This paper proposes a control method for limiting the torque of grid-connected cage induction machines during the recovery process after grid faults, by using a static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) connected at the machine terminals. When a STATCOM is used for transient stability improvement, common practice is to design the control system to keep reactive current at maximum level until the voltage has returned to its initial value. This will result in high torques during the recovery process after grid faults. The control method proposed in this paper is intended to limit such torque transients by temporarily defining a new voltage reference for the STATCOM control system. As torque is controlled through the voltage reference of the STATCOM, the method is labeled indirect torque control (ITC). The presented concept is a model-based approach derived from a quasi-static equivalent circuit of the induction machine, the STATCOM and a The¿venin representation of the power system. For illustration and verification, time-domain simulations of a wind power generation system with a STATCOM at the terminals of an induction generator, are provided. As the objective of limiting the torque of the induction machine is achieved, the derivation of the concept proves to be reasonable. The approach is presented in its most general form, oriented to torque limitation of induction machines both in generating and motoring mode, and is not restricted to the presented example.
Saving the creation : Christian environmentalism in the United States

L'A. etudie le mouvement ecologiste aux Etats-Unis. Il s'interesse plus particulierement a l'ecologie d'inspiration chretienne. Il met en evidence trois types d'orientation ecologiste chretienne : la premiere souligne la necessite de gerer l'environnement conformement au precepte biblique, la seconde rapproche les questions d'environnement des perspectives chretiennes sur la justice, la derniere insiste sur la spiritualite liee a la Creation. Il presente un certain nombre d'analyses concernant l'origine et le developpement de ces differents mouvements
Compressed Sensing with Prior Information: Optimal Strategies, Geometry, and Bounds

We address the problem of compressed sensing (CS) with prior information: reconstruct a target CS signal with the aid of a similar signal that is known beforehand, our prior information. We integrate the additional knowledge of the similar signal into CS via L1-L1 and L1-L2 minimization. We then establish bounds on the number of measurements required by these problems to successfully reconstruct the original signal. Our bounds and geometrical interpretations reveal that if the prior information has good enough quality, L1-L1 minimization improves the performance of CS dramatically. In contrast, L1-L2 minimization has a performance very similar to classical CS and brings no significant benefits. All our findings are illustrated with experimental results.
Clinician agreement on gait pattern ratings in children with spastic hemiplegia

The level of agreement between clinicians’ratings of gait patterns in children with spastic hemiplegia was investigated using the Winters, Gage, and Hicks (WGH) classification scale. Sixteen clinicians (nine physiotherapists, seven orthopaedic surgeons) from six gait laboratories in five different countries rated gait patterns in 34 children with spastic hemiplegia (22 males, 12 females; mean age 10y [SD 3y], range 6–18y). Archived three‐dimensional gait reports (kinematic and video data) and videos (video clips only) were rated for each child. Agreement between clinicians was substantial for reports (weighted kappa [Wκ] 0.77, range 0.62–0.89). Agreement was lower for videos (Wκ 0.63, range 0.39–0.97) and for clinicians’agreement between reports and corresponding videos (Wκ 0.62, range 0.47–0.76). Exact agreement was unacceptable for some gait patterns using reports (mean 65%, range 32–74%) and videos (mean 53%, range 35–94%). Not all gait patterns could be rated using the original WGH categories. It was concluded that: (1) agreement is acceptable using the WGH tool; (2) kinematic data from 3D instrumented gait analysis and video should be used together when using the WGH scale; and (3) further refinement of this classification is required.
TestQ: Exploring Structural and Maintenance Characteristics of Unit Test Suites

The increasing interest in unit testing in recent years has resulted in lots of persistent test code that has to co-evolve with production code in order to remain eective. Moreover, poor test design decisions, and complexity introduced during the course of evolution harm the maintenance of these test suites ‐ making test cases harder to understand and modify. Literature about xUnit ‐ the de facto family of unit testing frameworks ‐ has a fairly clear set of anti-patterns (called test smells). In this paper we present TestQ which allows developers to (i) visually explore test suites and (ii) quantify test smelliness. We present the feature set of this tool as well as demonstrate its use on test suites for both C++ and Java systems.
Peripheral blood lymphocyte/monocyte ratio at diagnosis and survival in nodular lymphocyte‐predominant Hodgkin lymphoma

The pathological background in nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (NLPHL) consists of lymphocytes and histocytes. This study analysed the peripheral blood absolute lymphocyte count/absolute monocyte count ratio at diagnosis (ALC/AMC‐DX) on the impact of survival in NLPHL. One hundred and three consecutive NLPHL patients that were followed at Mayo Clinic from 1974 to 2010 were included in the study. Receiver operating characteristic and area under the curve were used for ALC/AMC‐DX cut‐off value analysis and proportional‐hazards models were used to compare survival based on the ALC/AMC‐DX ratio. With a median follow‐up of 8·9 years (range: 0·3–31 years), an ALC/AMC‐DX ≥2·1 was the best cut‐off value for survival with an area under the curve of 0·82, a sensitivity of 70% and specificity of 84%. After adjusting for the International Prognostic Score (IPS), ALC/AMC‐DX remained an independent prognostic factor for overall survival [Hazard Ratio (HR), 0·33, 95% confidence interval (CI), 0·15–0·71%, P < 0·004]; lymphoma‐specific survival (HR, 0·05; 95%CI, 0·01–0·68%, P < 0·002); progression‐free survival (HR, 0·30; 95%CI, 0·14–0·60%, P < 0·006), and time to progression (HR, 0·06, 95%CI, 0·04–0·30%, P < 0·004). ALC/AMC‐DX is a low cost, already standarized, biomarker to predict clinical outcomes in NLPHL.
Effects of Balloon Dilation for Idiopathic Laryngotracheal Stenosis on Voice Production

Objective: To evaluate the effects of balloon dilation for idiopathic laryngotracheal stenosis on voice production. Methods: Retrospective review of 10 female patients with idiopathic laryngotracheal stenosis undergoing balloon dilation. Voice outcomes were evaluated by comparing pre- and posttreatment patient-reported, perceptual, aerodynamic, and acoustic parameters. Complete data sets were not available for all subjects; sample size for each parameter is reported with the corresponding result. Results: Total Voice Handicap Index (VHI) decreased significantly (22.9 ± 13.5 to 6.8 ± 6.5; n = 8; p = .015), as did glottal function index (7.2 ± 4.9 to 1.5 ± 2.0; n = 6; p = .022). No changes were observed in the GRBAS (grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, strain) scale. Changes in aerodynamic parameters were not statistically significant. Percent jitter decreased (1.32 ± 1.37 to 0.60 ± 0.29; n = 7; P = .078), and fundamental frequency range was preserved (507 ± 325 to 612 ± 281; n = 7; P = .309). Conclusions: Our sample of patients with idiopathic laryngotracheal stenosis had a mild-moderate dysphonia that improved with balloon dilation. Importantly, adverse effects on voice that can occur with open procedures were not observed. Patient perception of dysphonia improved while fundamental frequency range was maintained and aerodynamic parameters remained within or moved toward the normal range. Larger prospective studies are warranted to further evaluate changes in voice production associated with balloon dilation.
Deep China: The Moral Life of the Person

Deep China: The Moral Life of the Person By Arthur Kleinman, Yunxiang Yan, Jing Jun, Sing Lee, Everett Zhang, Pan Tianshu. University of California Press. 2011. £18.95 (pb). 289 pp. ISBN: 9780520269453 I was born in the northern Chinese city of Tangshan in 1973. At 04:00 h on 28 July 1976, when I
Contrastive Learning with Orthonormal Anchors (CLOA)

This study focuses on addressing the instability issues prevalent in contrastive learning, specifically examining the InfoNCE loss function and its derivatives. We reveal a critical observation that these loss functions exhibit a restrictive behavior, leading to a convergence phenomenon where embeddings tend to merge into a singular point. This"over-fusion"effect detrimentally affects classification accuracy in subsequent supervised-learning tasks. Through theoretical analysis, we demonstrate that embeddings, when equalized or confined to a rank-1 linear subspace, represent a local minimum for InfoNCE. In response to this challenge, our research introduces an innovative strategy that leverages the same or fewer labeled data than typically used in the fine-tuning phase. The loss we proposed, Orthonormal Anchor Regression Loss, is designed to disentangle embedding clusters, significantly enhancing the distinctiveness of each embedding while simultaneously ensuring their aggregation into dense, well-defined clusters. Our method demonstrates remarkable improvements with just a fraction of the conventional label requirements, as evidenced by our results on CIFAR10 and CIFAR100 datasets.
Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii from Raccoons (Procyon lotor), Coyotes (Canis latrans), and Striped Skunks (Mephitis mephitis) in Wisconsin Identified Several Atypical Genotypes

During 2005–2006, sera and tissues from raccoons (Procyon lotor), coyotes (Canis latrans), and skunks (Mephitis mephitis) from the state of Wisconsin were tested for Toxoplasma gondii infection. Antibodies to T. gondii were found in 32 of 54 (59.2%) raccoons, 18 of 35 (51.4%) coyotes, and 5 of 7 (71.4%) skunks using the modified agglutination test and a cut-off titer of 1:20. Pooled tissues (brains, hearts, and tongues) from 30 raccoons, 15 coyotes, and 1 skunk were bioassayed for T. gondii infection in mice or cats. Viable T. gondii was isolated from 5 of 30 (16.7%) raccoons, 6 of 15 (40.0%) coyotes, and the skunk. Genetic characterization of the 12 parasite isolates by multilocus PCR-RFLP markers revealed 6 different genotypes including 5 atypical and 1 archetypal II lineages. The results indicate the prevalence of T. gondii in wildlife mammals is high and that these animals may serve as an important reservoir for transmission of T. gondii.
The New Institutionalism in Organizational Analysis

Long a fruitful area of scrutiny for students of organizations, the study of institutions is undergoing a renaissance in contemporary social science. This volume offers, for the first time, both often-cited foundation works and the latest writings of scholars associated with the "institutional" approach to organization analysis. In their introduction, the editors discuss points of convergence and disagreement with institutionally oriented research in economics and political science, and locate the "institutional" approach in relation to major developments in contemporary sociological theory. Several chapters consolidate the theoretical advances of the past decade, identify and clarify the paradigm's key ambiguities, and push the theoretical agenda in novel ways by developing sophisticated arguments about the linkage between institutional patterns and forms of social structure. The empirical studies that follow—involving such diverse topics as mental health clinics, art museums, large corporations, civil-service systems, and national polities—illustrate the explanatory power of institutional theory in the analysis of organizational change. Required reading for anyone interested in the sociology of organizations, the volume should appeal to scholars concerned with culture, political institutions, and social change.
Suppression of a mitotic mutant by tRNA-Ala anticodon mutations that produce a dominant defect in late mitosis

Cold-sensitive dominant mutants scn1 and scn2 of Schizosaccharomyces pombe were isolated by their ability to suppress temperature-sensitive cut9-665 defective in an essential subunit (human Apc6/budding yeast Cdc16 ortholog) of anaphase promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). APC/C mutants were defective in metaphase/anaphase transition, whereas single scn mutants showed the delay in anaphase spindle elongation at 20°C. The scn mutants lost viability because of chromosome missegregation, and were sensitive to a tubulin poison. To understand the scn phenotypes, mutant genes were identified. Surprisingly, scn1 and scn2 have the same substitution in the anticodon of two different tRNA-Ala (UGC) genes. UGC was altered to UGU so that the binding of the tRNA-Ala to the ACA Thr codon in mRNA became possible. As cut9-665 contained an Ala535Thr substitution, wild-type Cut9 protein was probably produced in scn mutants. Indeed, plasmid carrying tRNA-Ala (UGU) conferred cold-sensitivity to wild-type and suppressed cut9-665 in a dominant fashion. The previously identified scn1+ (renamed as scn3+) turned out to be a high copy suppressor for scn1 and scn2. These are the first tRNA mutants that cause a mitotic defect.
Construct Validity and Reliability of a New Spanish Empathy Questionnaire for Children and Early Adolescents

Empathy is a basic socio-emotional process of human development that involves the ability to perceive, share, and understand the emotional states of others. This process is essential to successful social functioning. However, despite its significance, empathy has been difficult to define and measure, particularly when incorporating both its emotional and cognitive aspects. The purpose of this study was to develop an Empathy Questionnaire for children aged 9–12 years based on a model of social cognitive neuroscience and to analyze its construct validity and reliability. This questionnaire aimed to integrate the following aspects: emotional contagion, self-other awareness, perspective-taking, emotional regulation, and empathic action. Three studies were conducted. Study 1 evaluated the discriminative power of the items and studied the underlying structure of the instrument using exploratory factor analysis. In Study 2, confirmatory factor analysis was performed to test the model obtained. Finally, the goal of Study 3 was to analyze the convergent and discriminant validity of the questionnaire and the internal consistency of its dimensions. The final version of the instrument contained 15 items that operationalized the previously listed dimensions. The results of the 3 studies indicated that the questionnaire had good validity and reliability. This study has important implications for research and clinical practice. Given its simplicity and brevity, this new self-report scale may work well as a screening method to evaluate the key psychological issues underlying numerous child behaviors that predict the success or failure of social relationships, individual quality of life, and mental well-being.
Mundane mobilities, performances and spaces of tourism

Tourism is commonly understood as an exception or special time, a period when the normal everyday constraints are suspended: tourists are temporarily immersed in spaces of difference, free from the bounds of home and work, and may transgress their ordinary ‘appropriate’ performances. This article questions the extent to which much mass tourism is ‘extraordinary’, suggesting instead that it is more typically associated with habitual routine, cultural conventions and normative performances which circumscribe what should be gazed upon and visited, and modes of touristic comportment and recording. These conventions are also managed by the directors of the tourist product and encouraged by the production of distinct, serial forms of tourist space in which cultural differences are tamed for easy consumption. The paper argues that such forms of performance and their staging are designed to maximize comfort, a touristic desire that should not necessarily be the focus of critical scorn. On the other hand, so managed can the tourist experience become, that there are frequent attempts—often thwarted—to escape the tourist enclaves and schedules and become more closely acquainted with difference. Tourism then, because it is not separate from the quotidian, is an exemplary site for an exploration of the ways in which the everyday is replete with unreflexive practice and habit but simultaneously provokes desires for unconfined alterity.
Relationship between Coffee Consumption and Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults: Data from the 2013–2014 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey

Background The gradually increasing demand for coffee worldwide has prompted increased interest in the relationship between coffee and health issues as well as a need for research on metabolic syndrome in adults. Methods Data from 3,321 subjects (1,268 men and 2,053 women) enrolled in the 2013–2014 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. The subjects were divided into three groups according to their daily coffee consumption. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for metabolic syndrome in the coffee-drinking groups were calculated using multiple logistic regression analysis by adjusting for confounding variables. Results The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 15.5%, 10.7%, and 9.7% in men and 3.0%, 7.1%, and 6.5% in women according to their coffee consumption (less than one, one or two, or more than three cups of coffee per day), respectively. Compared with the non-coffee consumption group, the ORs (95% CIs) for metabolic syndrome in the group that consumed more than three cups of coffee was 0.638 (0.328–1.244) for men and 1.344 (0.627–2.881) for women after adjusting for age, body mass index, household income, education, smoking, alcohol, regular exercise, and daily caloric intake. Conclusion The OR of metabolic syndrome was not statistically significant in both men and women.
Elementary Education

Students interested in teaching at the middle or secondary level will complete their baccalaureate degrees in the discipline and are encouraged to earn the Professional Education Minor. The Professional Education Minor is designed for content majors to complete the requirements for a temporary middle or secondary certification in Florida. Coursework meets the requirement of the Professional Training Option (PTO) and is consistent with the program requirements of Florida Department of Education. For additional information review the Professional Education Minor section of this catalog (http://catalog.uwf.edu/undergraduate/professionaleducation).
Time Correlation Functions of Brownian Motion and Evaluation of Friction Coefficient in the Near-Brownian-Limit Regime

The exponentially decaying behavior of the momentum-momentum and momentum-force time correlation functions of Brownian motion at large times has been extensively used for the numerical evaluation of the friction coefficient $\gamma$ from molecular dynamics simulations. We perform numerical analysis on these methods and address issues related to the appropriate choice of large time and the rate of convergence of these methods. To this end, we obtain asymptotic expansions of the time correlation functions with respect to the reduced mass $\mu$ of the Brownian particle. For two important limit procedures of achieving the Brownian limit, certain forms of the asymptotic expansion of the Mori memory function $K(t)$ are introduced by physical arguments, and then the asymptotic expansions of the time correlation functions are expressed in terms of the limit of $K(t)$, i.e., $K_0(t)=\lim_{\mu\rightarrow\infty}K(t)$, and the next-order correction term $K_1(t)$. For the infinite mass limit case, we show that the num.
Fast detection and recognition of QR codes in high-resolution images

This paper deals with detection and recognition of matrix codes, such as the QR codes, in high-resolution images of real-world scenes. The goal is to provide a detector capable of operation in real time even on high-resolution images (several megapixels). We present an efficient algorithm for detection of possible occurrences of the codes. This algorithm is characterized by a very low false negative rate and a reasonable false alarm rate. The results of our algorithm are to be followed by an accurate detection/recognition algorithm. We propose to use a recent matrix code detection and recognition algorithm based on Hough transform, because it can reuse some information computed by our new pre-detection algorithm and thus a further reduce of computational demands can be achieved. Since there are no publicly available annotated datasets for evaluation of this kind of algorithm, we collected a number of images and annotated them; these images will be made publicly available to allow for a proper comparison. Our algorithm was evaluated on this dataset and the results are reported in the paper.
A NMR strategy to unambiguously distinguish nucleic acid hairpin and duplex conformations applied to a Xist RNA A-repeat

All RNA sequences that fold into hairpins possess the intrinsic potential to form intermolecular duplexes because of their high self-complementarity. The thermodynamically more stable duplex conformation is favored under high salt conditions and at high RNA concentrations, posing a challenging problem for structural studies of small RNA hairpin conformations. We developed and applied a novel approach to unambiguously distinguish RNA hairpin and duplex conformations for the structural analysis of a Xist RNA A-repeat. Using a combination of a quantitative HNN-COSY experiment and an optimized double isotope-filtered NOESY experiment we could define the conformation of the 26-mer A-repeat RNA. In contrast to a previous secondary structure prediction of a double hairpin structure, the NMR data show that only the first predicted hairpin is formed, while the second predicted hairpin mediates dimerization of the A-repeat by duplex formation with a second A-repeat. The strategy employed here will be generally applicable to identify and quantify populations of hairpin and duplex conformations and to define RNA folding topology from inter- and intra-molecular base-pairing patterns.