Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multiple Multicasts With the Help of a Relay

The problem of simultaneous multicasting of multiple messages with the help of a relay terminal is considered. In particular, a model is studied in which a relay station simultaneously assists two transmitters in multicasting their independent messages to two receivers. The relay may also have an independent message of its own to multicast. As a first step to address this general model, referred to as the compound multiple access channel with a relay (cMACr), the capacity region of the multiple access channel with a “cognitive” relay is characterized, including the cases of partial and rate-limited cognition. Then, achievable rate regions for the cMACr model are presented based on decode-and-forward (DF) and compress-and-forward (CF) relaying strategies. Moreover, an outer bound is derived for the special case, called the cMACr without cross-reception, in which each transmitter has a direct link to one of the receivers while the connection to the other receiver is enabled only through the relay terminal. The capacity region is characterized for a binary modulo additive cMACr without cross-reception, showing the optimality of binary linear block codes, and thus highlighting the benefits of physical layer network coding and structured codes. Results are extended to the Gaussian channel model as well, providing achievable rate regions for DF and CF, as well as for a structured code design based on lattice codes. It is shown that the performance with lattice codes approaches the upper bound for increasing power, surpassing the rates achieved by the considered random coding-based techniques.
Antibodies to the L1 adhesion molecule inhibit Schwann cell ensheathment of neurons in vitro

To investigate whether neural adhesion molecules are involved in neuron- induced Schwann cell differentiation, cocultures of pure dorsal root ganglion neurons, and Schwann cells were maintained in the presence of antibodies to evaluate possible perturbing effects. Several parameters characteristic of differentiating Schwann cells were studied, such as transition of spindle-shaped to flattened, i.e., more epithelioid morphology, association with neuronal cell bodies, ensheathment of neurites, production of basal lamina and collagen fibrils, and expression of the myelin associated glycoprotein (MAG). A complete ablation of Schwann cell differentiation in all features studied was seen with antibodies to the neural adhesion molecule L1. Antibodies to N-CAM did not reduce the association of Schwann cells with neurites but abolished the interdigitation of Schwann cell processes into neurite bundles, while leaving the other parameters studied unaffected. Fab fragments of antibodies to J1, MAG, and mouse liver membranes did not interfere with the manifestation of any of these parameters. None of the antibodies changed incorporation of [3H]thymidine into Schwann cells.
PENYIMPANGAN MAKNA DENGAN HOMONIMI DALAM WACANA MEME (KAJIAN SEMANTIK)

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah (1) mendeskripsikan bagaimana penggunaan homonimi untuk penyimpangan makna sebagai upaya membangun humor dalam meme. (2) Mendeskripsikan pola penyimpangan makna yang memanfaatkan homonimi. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian deskriptif kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan metode simak dengan teknik lanjutan catat. Analisis data menggunakan metode padan referensial dengan teknik hubung banding untuk mendukung kodifikasi, reduksi, penyajian, dan intepretasi sesuai dengan kerangka kerja penelitian kualitatif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan relasi makna homonimi meliputi kata dasar, bentukan, asing, dan slang. Ditemukan juga penyimpangan makna dengan memanfaatkan homonimi yang terjadi karena eufemisme, penamaan, dan pemberian jeda. Selain homonimi, ditemukan juga pemanfaatan homofoni dan homografi singkatan kata. Ada tiga pola yang digunakan untuk melakukan penyimpangan makna dengan memanfaatkan homonimi. 1) Kata yang disimpangkan didampingi dengan teks sebagai penjelas. 2) Kata yang disimpangkan didampingi dengan gambar sebagai penjelas. 3) Kata yang disimpangkan tidak muncul dalam simbol bahasa melainkan gambar dengan teks sebagai penjelas. Pemegang peran penting penyimpangan makna dalam meme adalah gambar dan penggunaan kolokasi. Kolokasi yang tepat mampu mengelabuhi pembaca sebelum akhirnya dikejutkan oleh makna kedua.
The Neurobiology of Human Vocalization: A Quantitative Meta-Analytic Approach

Vocalization is critical to communication and understanding the neural mechanisms that control voice is a critical scientific and clinical endeavor. Studies have used a variety of neuroimaging techniques to investigate the neural correlates of vocal control using perturbation tasks. These studies have provided substantial evidence that there is a critical role of the Superior Temporal Gyrus (STG) in error detection/correction during vocalization. The STG appears to function as a regulatory region within a complex network of brain areas that control human vocalization. The aims of this study were to 1) Use Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) analyses to substantiate the neural regions activation during vocalization; 2) To determine the functional significance of the neural regions activated during vocalization, as characterized by the BrainMap database; 3) To parcellate the bilateral STG by means of Connectivity Based Parcellation (CBP) and functionally characterize any discreate subregions found. Results of the vocalization ALE analysis revealed activation of the bilateral STG, right supplementary motor area, bilateral precentral gyrus, right inferior frontal gyrus, right pallidum, left putamen and right cerebellum (VI), which largely substantiates previous findings of the vocalization network. Results of CBP revealed six distinct subregions of the left and right STG, with major functional characterization in the domains of perception, action, and cognition and in the specific tasks of music production and stimulus monitoring/discrimination.
Can Voice User Interfaces Say “ I ” ? An Experiment with Recorded Speech and TTS

How do people respond to voice user interfaces (VUIs) that use first-person pronouns as opposed to those that use thepassive voice? We addressed this question in the context of a phone-based auction via a 2 (first person vs. passive voice) X 2 (recorded vs. synthesized speech) between-participants experiment (N=48). There were significant cross-over interactions with respect to user relaxation, perception of system quality, and bidding behavior such that personal pronouns were responded to more positively than passive voice for recorded speech, while passive voice was responded to more positively for synthesized speech. We discuss implications for the theory and design of VUIs.
Efficacy and Safety of Hexaminolevulinate Fluorescence Cystoscopy in the Diagnosis of Bladder Cancer

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of hexaminolevulinate fluorescence cystoscopy in the diagnosis of bladder cancer. Materials and Methods In a prospective design, we included patients who had a bladder lesion suggesting bladder cancer. Patients with massive hematuria, urethral Foley catheter insertion, chronic retention state, or urinary tract infection were excluded. After the bladder was emptied, hexaminolevulinate was gently administered into the bladder. One hour later, cystoscopy under white light and blue light was performed. After marking the lesions confirmed with white light or blue light, transurethral resection of the bladder lesion and pathologic confirmation were done. Transurethral resection of the lesions that were negative in both white and blue light was also performed. Results From April 2010 to September 2010, 30 patients were enrolled. From the total of 30 patients (25 men and 5 women; mean age, 60.4±9.22 years), 134 specimens were extracted. Among these, 101 specimens showed positive results by blue light cystoscopy (BLC). The sensitivity of BLC and white light cystoscopy (WLC) was 92.3% and 80.8%, respectively (p=0.021). The specificity of BLC and WLC was 48% and 49.1%, respectively (p>0.05). The positive and negative predictive values of BLC were 71.2% and 81.8%, respectively, whereas those of WLC were 72.0% and 68.6%, respectively. With WLC, 48 specimens showed negative findings, but of that group, 15 specimens (31.2%) were revealed to be malignant with BLC. There were no significant side effects in the 24 hours after the instillation of hexaminolevulinate. Conclusions Photodynamic diagnosis with hexaminolevulinate helps to find tumors that could be missed by use of WLC only. Photodynamic diagnosis might be valuable in complete resection as well as for more accurate diagnosis of bladder tumor.
Mechanistic Studies of the Mitotic Activation of Mos

ABSTRACT The protein kinase Mos is responsible for the activation of MEK1 and p42 mitogen-activated protein kinase during Xenopus oocyte maturation and during mitosis in Xenopus egg extracts. Here we show that the activation of Mos depends upon the phosphorylation of Ser 3, a residue previously implicated in the regulation of Mos stability; the dephosphorylation of Ser 105, a previously unidentified phosphorylation site conserved in Mos proteins; and the regulated dissociation of Mos from CK2β. Mutation of Ser 3 to alanine and/or mutation of Ser 105 to glutamate produces a Mos protein that is defective for M-phase activation, as assessed by in vitro kinase assays, and defective for induction of oocyte maturation and maintenance of the spindle assembly checkpoint in extracts. Interestingly, Ser 105 is situated at the beginning of helix αC in the N-terminal lobe of the Mos kinase domain. Changes in the orientation of this helix have been previously implicated in the activation of Cdk2 and Src family tyrosine kinases. Our work suggests that Ser 105 dephosphorylation represents a novel mechanism for reorienting helix αC.
Genetic variation, diversity and molecular phylogenetic of higher group termite Macrotermes carbonarious Hagen (Blattodea: Termitidae)

Limited studies pertaining to evolutionary history and intraspecific diversity of Macrotermes genus have been carried out by researchers. Such studies are vital as from phylogeny we can understand the origin of species in a particular region. Thus, in this study, we investigated the phylogenetic relationships and genetic diversity among the population of Macrotermes carbonarius around USM campus. Seventeen Macrotermes carbonarius colonies were used to conduct a molecular genotyping study and the mitochondrial (COII) gene was used as marker. The data obtained were analyzed using T-Coffee, Clustal X, Mega 7.0 and DnaSP software programs. Our results show one main monophyletic clade that consists of two groups: HP1 and HP2. The samples from Stadium Hoki were classified in HP2, differing from the other populations studies by one singleton base. Our HP2 shows some similarity with some sequence from Pasoh Forest Reserved Malaysia, suggesting a state diversity connection. The disparity index suggests that all the samples are homogeneous populations, supported by the low value of mean pairwise distance between the samples. This study will serve as a platform for scientific community to enhance the knowledge on the phylogeny and genetic diversity of Macrotermes genus in South East Asia region.
Mortality Contingent Claims, Health Care, and Social Insurance

This paper analyzes the savings and health care impacts of mortality contingent claims, defined here as income measures, such as annuities and life-insurance, under which earned income is contingent on the length of one's life. The postwar increase in mandatory annuity and life-insurance programs, as well as the rapid increase in life-expectancy, motivates a better understanding of the effects that mortality contingent claims have on resources devoted to life-extension. We analyze the incentives that such claims imply for life-extension when resources may affect mortality endogenously and argue that these incentives dramatically alter the standard conclusions obtained when mortality is treated exogenously.
Proactivity in Concert : An interactive perspective on employee proactivity

This dissertation aims to explore proactive behavior in organizations in relational work settings (i.e. team work). On the one hand, employees are asked to be proactive: to show self-started behaviors that are aimed at improving the work situation with a long term focus. On the other hand, the rise of team work has employees working closely together in teams, work groups or projects, with the aim of making optimal use of the different knowledge, skills and abilities available. These two developments together mean that employees are asked to proactively shape not only their personal work situation, but also that of their peers. With this dissertation I set out to explore the consequences of these two co-occurring developments, exploring team proactivity, proactive interaction between coworkers, and leader-member interactions in relation to proactivity. The results of the research in this dissertation show that employees can work together to be proactive, provided that they make use of their differing views and reflect structurally about their ways of working. Furthermore, employees can work together proactively, with other employees as well as with their manager. As long as there is a right fit in efficacy (both manager and employee are confident of their roles) and/or personality with behavior (voice targeted at neurotic/extraverted employees). There is more to it than simply putting employees together and waiting for the magic to happen. Through interaction at work and due to individual differences or synchronicity between people, proactivity may wither or thrive.
Effects of a Chelated Copper as Growth Promoter on Performance and Carcass Traits in Pigs

Three studies were conducted to investigate whether a chelated Cu can replace CuSO4 as a growth promoter in pigs. In Exp. 1, a total of 240 piglets (Large White×Landrace, 7.36±0.10 kg) were randomly allocated to 1 of 3 treatments with 8 replicates and 10 piglets per pen. Treatments included a NRC control (CuSO4, 6 mg/kg), two Cu supplementations from either CuSO4 or Cu(HMTBa)2 at 170 mg/kg. Pigs fed Cu(HMTBa)2 were 6.0% heavier than pigs fed either the NRC control or 170 mg/kg CuSO4 (p = 0.03) at the end of the experiment. During the 42 days of experimental period, pigs fed Cu(HMTBa)2 gained 9.0% more (p = 0.01), tended to eat more feed (p = 0.09), and had better feed efficiency (p = 0.06) than those fed CuSO4. Compared with the 6 mg/kg CuSO4 NRC control, liver Cu was increased 2.7 times with 170 mg/kg CuSO4 supplementation, and was further increased with Cu(HMTBa)2 (4.5 times, p<0.05). In Exp. 2, a total of 616 crossbred piglets (PIC, 5.01±0.25 kg) were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatments with 7 replicates and 22 piglets per pen. Treatments included a NRC control (from CuSO4), and three pharmaceutical levels of Cu (150 mg/kg) supplemented either from CuSO4, tri-basic copper chloride (Cu2[OH]3Cl), or Cu(HMTBa)2. Pigs fed CuSO4 or Cu(HMTBa)2 had better feed efficiency (p = 0.01) and tended to gain more (p = 0.08) compared with those fed the NRC control. Pigs fed Cu2(OH)3Cl were intermediate. Pigs fed Cu(HMTBa)2 had the highest liver Cu, which was significantly higher than those fed (Cu2[OH]3Cl) or the negative control (p = 0.01). In Exp. 3, a total of 1,048 pigs (PIC, 32.36±0.29 kg) were allotted to 6 treatments with 8 replicates per treatment and 20 to 22 pigs per pen. The treatments included a NRC control with 4 mg/kg Cu from CuSO4, a positive control with 160 mg/kg Cu from CuSO4, and incremental levels of Cu(HMTBa)2 at 20, 40, 80, and 160 mg/kg. During the overall experimental period of 100 days, no benefit from 160 mg/kg CuSO4 was observed. Pigs fed Cu(HMTBa)2 had increased ADG (linear and quadratic, p≤0.05) and feed efficiency (linear and quadratic, p≤0.05) up to 80 mg/kg and no further improvement was observed at 160 mg/kg for the whole experimental period. Pigs fed 80 mg/kg Cu(HMTBa)2 weighed 1.8 kg more (p = 0.07) and were 2.3 kg heavier in carcass (p<0.01) compared with pigs fed 160 mg/kg CuSO4. In addition, loin depth was increased with increased Cu(HMTBa)2 supplementation with pigs fed 80 mg/kg Cu(HMTBa)2 had the greatest loin depth (p<0.05). In summary, Cu(HMTBa)2 can be used to replace high CuSO4 as a growth promoter in nursery and grower-finisher pigs.
Ethnicity and Intimate Partner Violence in Kenya

Anecdotal evidence in several sub-Saharan African countries, including Kenya, suggests a complex relationship between ethnicity and intimate partner violence (IPV). Yet very few studies examine the relationship between these two important variables. We use a sample of 4,512 ever-married women from the Kenya Demographic and Health Survey (KDHS) to explore the relationship between ethnicity and three dimensions of IPV (physical, sexual, and emotional) among Kenyan women. Results show significant relationships between ethnicity and physical, sexual, and emotional violence. Compared with Kikuyu women, Luo and Luhya women were significantly more likely to report having experienced all three types of violence. The addition of socioeconomic variables reduced the risks of experiencing IPV among Luo and Luhya women significantly, but not completely. These findings suggest that beyond their socioeconomic vulnerabilities, there may be some intrinsic cultural characteristics that expose Luo and Luhya women to IPV in Kenya.
Shock Induced Transitions and Phase Structures in General Media

'I'he Inrlitrrtc firr Mntlrcrultir:r nrrrl itr A;lplicntiorrr wnq csl.nlrlishctl hy a granl. frotrt thc Natioral Science lbrtrrrlrl.iorr to the llrrivr.rsity'of Mirrnr:nota irr l! )82. 'I'he lMÂ sneks to encourÀtc thc dcvriopmenl. atrrl strrrly o[ frns]r trralhonrnl.irnl concepl,s anrl qrtcsliorrn of concern (o the other teionear hy hlitrlirr; I.o;r.llrr,r rrrnl.h,lt;rliri;trrs ntt,l rr-ilttl.inl. r ftottt rlivlrrr'fir'l,ls irr trtt nl.tttonpltctr thnt will riirrurlnl,' rlincttrrrir,tt nttrl cr,llnlrornli,rtt. 'l'lu. IMA Vrrlurrx.r arc irrlorrrft.rl lo involvr, llrr,hrorrler nciclrlilie cotrrttttttrily itr llria procnal.
Are Species Coexistence Areas a Good Option for Conservation Management? Applications from Fine Scale Modelling in Two Steppe Birds

Biotic interactions and land uses have been proposed as factors that determine the distribution of the species at local scale. The presence of heterospecifics may modify the habitat selection pattern of the individuals and this may have important implications for the design of effective conservation strategies. However, conservation proposals are often focused on a single flagship or umbrella species taken as representative of an entire assemblage requirements. Our aim is to identify and evaluate the role of coexistence areas at local scale as conservation tools, by using distribution data of two endangered birds, the Little Bustard and the Great Bustard. Presence-only based suitability models for each species were built with MaxEnt using variables of substrate type and topography. Probability maps of habitat suitability for each species were combined to generate a map in which coexistence and exclusive use areas were delimitated. Probabilities of suitable habitat for each species inside coexistence and exclusive areas were compared. As expected, habitat requirements of Little and Great Bustards differed. Coexistence areas presented lower probabilities of habitat suitability than exclusive use ones. We conclude that differences in species' habitat preferences can hinder the efficiency of protected areas with multi-species conservation purposes. Our results highlight the importance of taking into account the role of biotic interactions when designing conservation measurements.
A Functional Limit Theorem for Random Walk Conditioned to Stay Non‐Negative

In this paper we consider an aperiodic integer‐valued random walk S and a process S* that is a harmonic transform of S killed when it first enters the negative half; informally, S* is ‘S conditioned to stay non‐negative’. If S is in the domain of attraction of the standard normal law, without centring, a suitably normed and linearly interpolated version of S converges weakly to standard Brownian motion, and our main result is that under the same assumptions a corresponding statement holds for S*, the limit of course being the three‐dimensional Bessel process. As this process can be thought of as Brownian motion conditioned to stay non‐negative, in essence our result shows that the interchange of the two limit operations is valid. We also establish some related results, including a local limit theorem for S*, and a bivariate renewal theorem for the ladder time and height process, which may be of independent interest.
Cyclosporine affects the proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells in culture

Cyclosporine is one of the foremost immunosuppressive agents for cell, tissue, and organ transplantation. Cyclosporine is, however, associated with significant side effects in the host, and may also affect the fate of the donor cells. This study was performed to test whether cyclosporine may change the fate of neural stem cells, as neural stem cell transplant has become a potential treatment for neurological disorders and damage. Results of this study showed that cyclosporine inhibited the proliferation significantly in a dosage-dependent manner. Cyclosporine also affected the differentiation of neural stem cells, which mainly increased astrocyte genesis and decreased neuron differentiation.
How well do multi-objective evolutionary algorithms scale to large problems

In spite of large amount of research work in multi- objective evolutionary algorithms, most have evaluated their algorithms on problems with only two to four objectives. Little has been done to understand the performance of the multi- objective evolutionary algorithms on problems with a larger number of objectives. It is unclear whether the conclusions drawn from the experiments on problems with a small number of objectives could be generalised to those with a large number of objectives. In fact, some of our preliminary work [1] has indicated that such generalisation may not be possible. This paper first presents a comprehensive set of experimental studies, which show that the performance of multi-objective evolutionary algorithms, such as NSGA-II and SPEA2, deteriorates substantially as the number of objectives increases. NSGA-II, for example, did not even converge for problems with six or more objectives. This paper analyses why this happens and proposes several new methods to improve the convergence of NSGA-II for problems with a large number of objectives. The proposed methods categorise members of an archive into small groups (non-dominated solutions with or without domination), using dominance relationship between the new and existing members in the archive. New removal strategies are introduced. Our experimental results show that the proposed methods clearly outperform NSGA-II in terms of convergence.
On the Complexity of Multi-Round Divisible Load Scheduling

In this paper we study master-worker scheduling of divisible loads in heterogeneous distributed systems. Divisible loads are computations that can be arbitrarily divided into independent ``chunks'', which can then be processed in parallel. In multi-round scheduling load is sent to each worker as several chunks rather than as a single one. Solving the divisible load scheduling (DLS) problem entails determining the subset of workers that should be used, the sequence of communication to these workers, and the sizes of each load chunk. We first state and establish an optimality principle in the general case. Then we establish a new complexity result by showing that a DLS problem, whose complexity has been open for a long time, is in fact NP-hard, even in the one-round case. We also show that this problem is pseudopolynomially solvable under certain special conditions. Finally, we present a deep survey on algorithms and heuristics for solving the multi-round DLS problem.