Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Differences between teacher's nonverbal communication in different cultures

Differences Between Teacher’s Nonverbal Communication In Different Cultures Merih Ugurel, M.Ed. The University of Texas at Austin, 2010 Supervisor: Diane Schallert This report focuses on the differences between teachers’ nonverbal behaviors across cultures. It presents the literature review on the effects of teachers’ nonverbal behaviors on students’ motivation, cognitive and affective learning, theories of nonverbal behaviors and cultural dimensions that affect the display of these behaviors across cultures. It indicates the need for further research in the analysis of teachers’ nonverbal behaviors in relation to their culture and the effect of these behaviors on students’ learning.
The Conflict Between Aristotelian and Galileian Modes of Thought in Contemporary Psychology

Resume Les conflits de la psychologie contemporaine montrent dans leur structure conceptuelle un rapport etroit avec la transition de la maniere de penser Aristotelicienne-medievale a la maniere de penser de la physique post-Galilenne moderne. Il est on ne peut plus important pour les problemes urgents de la psychologie qu'on rend clair ce parallele. C'etait une condition necessaire a la revolution dans la formation conceptuelle de la physique que la destruction de la separation “anthropomorphique” des spheres celeste et terrestre. Dans la psychologie c'est la destruction du mur entre le normal et l'anormal, l'homme et l'animal, l'enfant et l'adulte. Cette reduction a l'homogeneite n'est pas un nivellement des differences individuelles. L'emploi des aides mathematiques par la physique Galileenne ne signifie pas une tendance a l'abstrait, mais precisement une lutte contre l'abstraction soustractive Aristotelicenne des differences individuelles. Pour la physique Aristotelicienne, le cas individuel etait for.
Marked differences in antidepressant use by race in an elderly community sample: 1986-1996.

OBJECTIVE Prescriptions of antidepressant medications have increased significantly over the past 15 years across the life cycle. One overall correlate of medication use in older adults is race, with African Americans using fewer medications than whites. Given the frequency of depressive symptoms among elderly populations, as well as the increased potential for adverse side effects from antidepressants, the relative contribution of race in the use of antidepressants is critical for determining well-designed studies. The authors analyzed data from a community-based cohort of elders followed for 10 years to determine the association of race to the use of antidepressants between 1986 and 1996, with control for known correlates of depression in late life. METHOD Information on antidepressant use and demographic and health characteristics were obtained from a stratified, probability-based sample of 4,162 elders (equally distributed between African American and white community-dwelling subjects) in the Piedmont region of North Carolina during four in-person interviews spanning 10 years. Descriptive statistics were calculated. Logistic regression was used for the final models. RESULTS A total of 4.6% of whites and 2.3% of African Americans used antidepressants in 1986. Approximately 14.3% of whites and 5.0% of African Americans used antidepressants in 1996. In controlled analyses, the prevalence odds ratio for antidepressant use in whites, compared to African Americans, was 1. 76 in 1986 and 3.77 in 1996. CONCLUSIONS African American elders are much less likely to take antidepressants, and the difference in use increased over the 10 years of the survey.
The Social Worlds of Caravaning: Objects, Scripts and Practices

This paper is about the part which objects play in scripting the practices and strategies of their users. Goffman uses the concept of script to make sense of the conventional ordering of social interaction and the definition and maintenance of social worlds. As adopted by Latour (1992), Akrich (1992)and others, the term describes the ways in which devices and non-human actors configure their users. Drawing upon a study of caravaning and caravaners, we link these interpretations together through the mediating concept of practice. We argue that the practice of caravaning involves the resolution of common dilemmas, related to the material characteristics of the activity, and that the manner of their resolution, which involves the differential use of apparently similar objects and devices, underpins the social ordering of caravaning communities. In this case, as in others, non- human actors do not simply script, they also set the stage for social differentiation. Equally, caravans and caravan sites are much more than props strategically deployed in the course of social interaction. Like other objects, they are also implicated in the constitution and definition of the challenges around which social distinctions revolve.
Comparison of the long-term clinical performance of a biodegradable and a titanium fixation system in maxillofacial surgery

Background: Job satisfaction is essential for physicians ’ well-being and patient care. The work ethic of long days and hard work that has been advocated for decades is acknowledged as a threat for physicians ’ job satisfaction, well-being, and patient safety. Our aim was to determine the actual and preferred job size of physicians and to investigate how these and the differences between them influence physicians ’ job satisfaction. Method: Data were retrieved from a larger, longitudinal study among physicians starting medical training at Groningen University in 1982/83/92/93 ( N = 597). Data from 506 participants (85%) were available for this study. We used regression analysis to investigate the influence of job size on physicians ’ job satisfaction (13 aspects) and ANOVA to examine differences in job satisfaction between physicians wishing to retain, reduce or increase job size. Results: The majority of the respondents (57%) had an actual job size less than 1.0 FTE. More than 80% of all respondents preferred not to work full-time in the future. Respondents ’ average actual and preferred job sizes were . 85 FTE and . 81 FTE, respectively. On average, respondents who wished to work less (35% of respondents) preferred a job size reduction of 0.18 FTE and those who wished to work more (12%) preferred an increase in job size of 0.16 FTE. Job size influenced satisfaction with balance work-private hours most ( β = -.351). Physicians who preferred larger job sizes were – compared to the other groups of physicians – least satisfied with professional accomplishments . Conclusions: A considerable group of physicians reported a gap between actual and preferred job size. Realizing physicians ’ preferences as to job size will hardly affect total workforce, but may greatly benefit individual physicians as well as their patients and society. Therefore, it seems time for a shift in work ethic.
The tumor-infiltrating B cell response in medullary breast cancer is oligoclonal and directed against the autoantigen actin exposed on the surface of apoptotic cancer cells

Medullary carcinoma of the breast (MCB) is a morphologically and biologically distinct subtype of human breast cancer that, despite cytologically anaplastic features, has a more favorable prognosis than other types of breast cancer at similar stages of differentiation. It has been proposed that the improved clinical outcome is due, at least in part, to the presence of a prominent lymphoplasmacytic cell infiltrate in the tumor stroma. We studied the B lymphoplasmacytic cell infiltrates in MCB to determine the role of the antibody response produced by the local infiltrating cells. Oligoclonal predominance among tumor-infiltrating B cells in a panel of MCB patients was observed, suggesting that certain B cell clones were expanded, possibly in response to specific tumor-associated stimuli. IgG antibody phage-display libraries were generated from MCB-infiltrating lymphoplasmacytic cells of two patients, and MCB-reactive monoclonal antibodies were retrieved by selection on fresh-frozen MCB tissue sections. Analysis by mass spectrometry revealed that the antigen targeted by the dominant clones in the oligoclonal B lymphoplasmacytic response in both patients was not a cancer-specific antigen but the cytoskeletal protein β-actin. MCB exhibits an increased rate of apoptosis, and apoptotic MCB cells were shown to expose actin on the cell surface, permitting its recognition by the humoral immune system. Further, actin fragments, similar to those observed after cleavage with the apoptotic protease granzyme B, were observed in MCB tissue. Our results indicate that the major antibody response produced by tumor-infiltrating B lymphoplasmacytic cells are autoimmune in nature and a consequence of the perturbed state of increased MCB apoptosis caused by granzyme B-induced T cell cytotoxicity and/or intrinsic cellular factors of MCB cells.
Les Candidats Sortants: Atout Ou Obstacle a la Participation Electorale?

Les elections municipales quebecoises sont marquees par deux phenomenes politiques, soit la forte reelection des candidats sortants et une participation electorale souvent plus faible qu'aux autres echelons de gouvernement. Mais a quel point la reelection des candidats sortants et la faible mobilisation electorale sont-elles liees ? La presence de candidats sortants influence-t-elle la participation electorale ? A partir des taux de participation a la mairie et aux postes de conseillers municipaux aux elections de 2013 dans les dix villes les plus peuplees du Quebec, nous allons tester huit hypotheses permettant d'expliquer la participation electorale--dont une sur la presence d'un candidat sortant--. Les resultats montrent qu'il n'y a pas de lien direct entre la presence de candidats sortants et le taux de participation electorale au poste de conseiller de ville. Toutefois, la presence de candidats sortants influence la nature de l'offre electorale ainsi que le degre de competitivite de l'election, et associee a un contexte specifique, il est possible de penser qu'elle contribue a determiner le taux de participation electorale et la qualite du jeu democratique. ===== Quebec municipal elections are marked by two political phenomena: the strong re-election of incumbents and a turnout rate often lower than at other levels of government. But how are these two phenomena related? Do the presence of incumbents influence the turnout rate? Using data from the ten largest cities in Quebec in 2013 elections, eight hypotheses--including the presence of incumbents--are tested to explain voter turnout. The results show that there is no direct link between the presence of incumbents and the turnout for the position of city councilor. However, the presence of incumbents affects the nature of the electoral offer and the level of competitiveness of the election, and associated with a specific context, it is possible to think that it helps to determine the voter turnout and the quality of democracy.
TARP beneficiaries and their lending patterns during the financial crisis

This paper provides a systematic analysis of the lending performance of U.S. commercial banks and savings institutions that received financial support through the Capital Purchase Program (CPP) established in October 2008. The authors combine U.S. Treasury data on recipients of the CPP with quarterly financial data for the entire population of depository institutions to reconstruct aggregate lending and gross credit flows (expansion and contraction). CPP institutions experienced a less severe lending contraction than non-CPP institutions for all types of loans and bank asset levels. The authors find no evidence of unusual reallocation of lending across depository institutions.
Effects of Cold Stress on Broiler Performance and Ascites Susceptibility

The present study was conducted to determine the effect of cold stress on broiler performance and ascites susceptibility. Male chicks were obtained from a commercial strain of broiler breeders. The trial was divided into two treatments (control and cold stress groups). Ascites was induced in broiler chickens in the trial by exposing the chickens to low temperature (Ta) and by supplying a pelleted diet. The two experimental treatments consisted of: 1) Control group, 33.3°C the 1 st wk, 30.2°C the 2 nd wk, and 27.5°C the 3 rd wk. 2) Cold stress group, 29.0°C the 1 st wk, 26.4°C the 2 nd wk, and 23.1°C the 3 rd wk. From the end of the 3 rd wk all broilers were reared to 6 wk of age at a constant temperature of 21°C. There was significant difference in live BW during wk 1 to 5. The control group was consistently the heaviest; however, at 6 wk of age, both groups weighed the same. Body weight gain up to 3 wk was significantly decreased by cold stress. During wk 3 and 6 the chicks in the cold stress group had greater BW gain compared with the chicks in the control group. There were significant differences in mortality due to ascites between the groups. During wk 3 and 6 the cold stress group exhibited the most ascites mortality (9.52%) when compared with the control group (1.90%). At 5 wk of age cold stress condition caused significant changes in packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb) and red blood cell counts (RBC). Right ventricle weight was significantly heavier in the cold stress group than the control. There were also significant differences in right ventricle/total ventricle (RV/TV) ratios at 5 wk. the right ventricle/total ventricle ratios in the cold stress group was higher (0.25) than the control group (0.20). It was concluded that, fast growth and cold temperatures are the primary triggers for ascites during commercial broiler production. (Asian-Aust. J. Anim. Sci. 2006. Vol 19, No. 5 : 734-738)
Fractionating the Neurocognitive Mechanisms Underlying Working Memory: Independent Effects of Dopamine and Parkinson’s Disease

Abstract Deficits in working memory (WM) in Parkinson's disease (PD) are often considered to be secondary to dopaminergic depletion. However, the neurocognitive mechanisms by which dopamine causes these deficits remain highly contested, and PD is now also known to be associated with nondopaminergic pathology. Here, we examined how PD and dopaminergic medication modulate three components of WM: maintenance over time, updating contents with new information and making memories distracter‐resistant. Compared with controls, patients were disproportionately impaired when retaining information for longer durations. By applying a probabilistic model, we were able to reveal that the source of this error was selectively due to precision of memory representations degrading over time. By contrast, replenishing dopamine levels in PD improved executive control over both the ability to ignore and update, but did not affect maintenance of information across time. This was due to a decrease in guess responses, consistent with the view that dopamine serves to prevent WM representations being corrupted by irrelevant information, but has no impact on information decay. Cumulatively, these results reveal a dissociation in the neural mechanisms underlying poor WM: whereas dopamine reduces interference, nondopaminergic systems in PD appear to modulate processes that prevent information decaying more quickly over time.
Obstacles Towards the Use of ICT Tools in Teaching and Learning of Information Systems in Malaysian Universities

This paper examines the obstacles towards the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools in teaching Information System (IS) at Malaysian universities. The findings of a survey identify that the most significant obstacles are: ICT tools are changing too fast to keep current, extra time and effort needed after integrating ICT tools in teaching, the management did not provide any incentive for lecturers to integrate ICT tools in their teaching, the network connectivity was poor, the management did not have any evaluation in integration of ICT tools in teaching. Factor analysis was performed to determine if there were any underlying factors within the data. Six factors were emerged from the data.
Comparison of journal impact rankings in the SCImago Journal & Country Rank and the Journal Citation Reports databases

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to compare the journal impact rankings of the open access SCImago Journal & Country Rank (SJR) database and the subscription‐based Journal Citation Reports (JCR). Design/methodology/approach – The paper looks at the SJR database which offers essential scientometric information for more than 17,000 scholarly and professional journals based on data licensed from Elsevier's Scopus database and compares this with the JCR database.Findings – The open access SJR database offers very informative new insights to complement those that have been provided by the JCR for more than three decades by the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) and its successor, the Thomson (later Thomson‐Reuters) company. Especially valuable are its features of weighting the citations received based on the prestige of the citing journals, the (partial) exclusion of journal self‐citations, and the broader base of source journals. They provide new opportunities to analyse and understand their effe.
Central Bank Credibility and Monetary Policy : Evidence from Small Scale Macroeconomic Model of Indonesia

In this paper, we develop a forward-looking small scale macroeconomic model (SSMM) of the Indonesian economy which is potentially useful for carrying out monetary policy analysis. The Batini-Haldane (1999) model is used as the theoretical underpinning for the development of the model along with the well-known Taylor policy rule (1993). The tracking performance of the model is found to be satisfactory. We conduct deterministic and stochastic simulations to examine the role of the central banks credibility in achieving the inflation target and to suggest appropriate monetary policy responses. Policy simulations indicate that it is crucial for the Indonesian authority to address its credibility for Indonesia to achieve a lower inflation rate. Simulations to trace out the inflation-output tradeoff frontier also show that a monetary policy rule that targeted both the inflation and output gap will result in less macroeconomic volatility. We also found that the inclusion of the exchange rate into the monetary policy rule as an additional feedback variable warrants serious consideration in the future course of monetary policy management.
Quantitative Review of Oral Cancer Research Output from Pakistan.

BACKGROUND Oral cancer is the most common cancer among men and second only to breast cancer among women in Pakistan. For the effective control and prevention of oral cancer, Pakistan needs to recognize the importance of research and generation of the evidence-base which can inform policy making and planning and implementation of intervention programs. The objective of this review was to quantify oral cancer research output in Pakistan. MATERIALS AND METHODS A systematic electronic search in "Medline", "ISI-Web of Science" and "Pakmedinet", supplemented by a Google search, was carried out in January and February, 2014, to identify literature from Pakistan relevant to oral cancer. The selection of publications for the review was carried out according to preset criteria. Data were recorded and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. RESULTS A total of 166 publications comprising 62 case series, 36 cross sectional, 31 case control, 10 basic laboratory research, eleven reviews and two trials, were included in this review. Some 35 % of the publications focused on risk factors for oral cancer. COMSATS Institute of Information Technology was the institution with the highest contribution. CONCLUSIONS There is a lack of research in the field of oral cancer research in Pakistan. Focused efforts should be put in place to improve both quality and quantity of oral cancer research in the country.
Families that read: A time‐diary analysis of young people's and parents' reading

Parents can play an important role in assisting their children to learn to read, and can act as good role models in promoting reading behaviour. While there has been a raft of research on the impact of parents as teachers, there has been little empirical analysis on the impact of parents in modelling reading. Addressing this gap in the literature with time-diary data, this paper presents a study of the association between parents' and young people's reading in the United Kingdom. The paper finds a strong association between parents' and young people's reading concentrated in households where parents are observed to read for more than 30 minutes per day. In addition, mothers' reading is associated primarily with girls' reading (especially in lone-mother households), while fathers' reading is strongly associated with boys' reading. Some implications for campaigns to encourage young people's reading through increased parental reading are discussed.
A Consistent Method for the Selection of Relevant Instruments

Abstract In many applications, a researcher must select an instrument vector from a candidate set of instruments. If the ultimate objective is to perform inference about the unknown parameters using conventional asymptotic theory, then we argue that it is desirable for the chosen instrument vector to satisfy four conditions which we refer to as orthogonality, identification, efficiency, and non‐redundancy. It is impossible to verify a priori which elements of the candidate set satisfy these conditions; this can only be done using the data. However, once the data are used in this fashion it is important that the selection process does not contaminate the limiting distribution of the parameter estimator. We refer to this requirement as the inference condition. In a recent paper, Andrews [[Andrews, D. W. K. (1999)]. Consistent moment selection procedures for generalized method of moments estimation. Econometrica67:543–564] has proposed a method of moment selection based on an information criterion involving the overidentifying restrictions test. This method can be shown to select an instrument vector which satisfies the orthogonality condition with probability one in the limit. In this paper, we consider the problem of instrument selection based on a combination of the efficiency and non‐redundancy conditions which we refer to as the relevance condition. It is shown that, within a particular class of models, certain canonical correlations form the natural metric for relevancy, and this leads us to propose a canonical correlations information criterion (CCIC) for instrument selection. We establish conditions under which our method satisfies the inference condition. We also consider the properties of an instrument selection method based on the sequential application of [Andrews, D. W. K. (1999)]. Consistent moment selection procedures for generalized method of moments estimation. Econometrica67:543–564 method and CCIC.