Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Different Levels of Peep on Oxygenation during Non-Invasive Ventilation in Patients Submitted to CABG Surgery: Randomized Clinical Trial

Introduction During and after coronary artery bypass grafting, a decline in multifactor lung function is observed. Due to this fact, some patients may benefit from non-invasive ventilation after extubation targeting lung expansion and consequently improved oxygenation. Objective To test the hypothesis that higher levels of positive end expiration pressure during non-invasive ventilation improves oxygenation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Methods A randomized clinical trial was conducted at Instituto Nobre de Cardiologia in Feira de Santana. On the first day after surgery, the patients were randomized: Group PEEP 10, Group PEEP 12 and Group PEEP 15 who underwent non-invasive ventilation with positive end expiration pressure level. All patients were submitted to analysis blood pressure oxygen (PaO2), arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) and oxygenation index (PaO2/FiO2). Results Thirty patients were analyzed, 10 in each group, with 63.3% men with a mean age of 61.1±12.2 years. Mean pulmonary expansion pre-therapy PaO2 was generally 121.9±21.6 to 136.1±17.6 without statistical significance in the evaluation among the groups. This was also present in PaO2/FiO2 and SaO2. Statistical significance was only present in pre and post PEEP 15 when assessing the PaO2 and SaO2 (P=0.02). Conclusion Based on the findings of this study, non-invasive ventilation with PEEP 15 represented an improvement in oxygenation levels of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting.
From Industry to Integrity

Fifty years of research in construct validity of Erik Erikson's psychsocial developmental theory have yielded measures of industry, identity, intimacy, generativity, and integrity. These constructs and their measures are described in this article. In addition, identity, formed at late adolescence, can be expected to have implications for the resolution of subsequent psychosocial stages. These established and hypothesized developmental lines are presented. The article concludes with a discussion of identity at the stage of integrity.
Use of persuasion knowledge by the millennial generation

Purpose – This paper seeks to empirically test the use of persuasion knowledge among the millennial generation.Design/methodology/approach – College aged students were randomly assigned into two groups and given scenarios where one was designed for persuasion knowledge to be more likely utilized by consumers, and a second where is was less likely to use it. The respondents were exposed to a scripted sales scenario and their perceptions of the salesperson were measured. It was hypothesized that millennial consumers using persuasion knowledge were more likely to develop negative affective and cognitive attitudes toward the salesperson, and were less likely to develop purchase intentions than those not using persuasion knowledge. Factor analysis was used to confirm that three dimensions existed, and a follow‐up MANOVA/t‐test was used to measure the differences between the two treatment groups.Findings – All three hypotheses were supported. Millennial consumers that feel compelled to cope with the salesperson.
The Honeymoon Effect on Marital Coitus

Abstract To investigate the rate of the decline of marital coital rates with duration of marriage longitudinal recorded data abstracted from diaries and calendars kept by 21 couples were examined. A substantial decline in coital rates during the first year of marriage, at least in couples who had no premarital intercourse, was found. Coital rates were only about half as high after a year of marriage as they were in the first month of marriage. Thereafter, there was a slower rate of decline with increased marriage duration. It seems likely that the rate of decline in the first year is partially dependent on whether premarital intercourse had occurred. It is suggested that the “honeymoon effect” occurs in each marriage contracted by a person. The arrival of a baby seems to depress (perhaps permanently) the coital rate of its parents. A tentative mathematical description of the decline is offered.
Burning Rates of Turbulent Gaseous and Aerosol Flames

— Combustion of sprays is of technological importance, but its flame behavior is not fully understood. Furthermore, the multiplicity of dependent variables such as pressure, temperature, equivalence ratio, and droplet sizes complicates the study of spray combustion. Fundamental study on the influence of the presence of liquid droplets has revealed that laminar flames within aerosol mixtures more readily become unstable than for gaseous ones and this increases the practical burning rate. However, fundamental studies on turbulent flames of aerosol mixtures are limited particularly those under near mono-dispersed droplet conditions. In the present work, centrally ignited expanding flames at near atmospheric pressures are employed to quantify the burning rates in gaseous and aerosol flames. Iso-octane-air aerosols are generated by expansion of the gaseous pre-mixture to produce a homogeneously distributed suspension of fuel droplets. The effects of the presence of droplets and turbulence velocity in relation to the burning rates of the flame are also investigated.
Perceptions of Exercise Stages, Barrier Self-Efficacy, and Decisional Balance for Middle-Level School Students

It is important to examine theoretically the determinants of exercise for middle school children because of the rapid decline in exercise during adolescence. The purpose for this study was to examine the validity of the Stages of Change (SOC) construct of the Transtheoretical Model with 387 middle school children. The students completed an SOC, barrier self-efficacy, and decisional balance questionnaire, as well as objective and self-report measures of exercise behavior/fitness level. Classification by SOC revealed that 236 children were in the maintenance stage, 108 in the action stage, 25 in the preparation stage, and 18 in the contemplation/precontemplation stage. Barrier self-efficacy, 1-mile run/walk, curl-up, and push-up scores improved at each level from the precontemplation through to the maintenance stage. There were no significant differences in decisional balance scores across the SOC. This study provided preliminary cognitive and behavioral support for the use of the SOC construct with middle school children.
Respiratory chain dysfunction associated with multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions in antiretroviral therapy-related lipodystrophy.

Muscle Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Clínic 'August Pi i Sunyer' Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBAPS), School of Medicine, University of Barcelona. Barcelona, Spain; Oncological Research Institute (IRO), Hospital Duran i Reynals, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain; and Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Fundació-Asil de Granollers. Granollers, Barcelona, Spain.
Survival, Breeding Frequency, and Migratory Orientation in the Jefferson Salamander, Ambystoma Jeffersonianum

—Accurate estimates of demographic parameters, such as survival and breeding frequency, are necessary for the conservation and management of animal populations. Additionally, life-history data are required for gaining an empirical understanding of the ecology of natural populations. We monitored a population of Jefferson Salamanders (Ambystoma jeffersonianum) breeding in a permanent mountain-top pond at the southern limit of this species’ geographic range in Virginia over four years. We used closed multistate mark-recapture models with Pollock's robust design to estimate the demographic parameters of this population. Additionally, we used point-of-capture data to compare the orientation of migrations into and out of the pond within and among years. Our model selection results support consistent annual adult survival across years with higher estimates for males compared to females. Our estimates of the probability of breeding in sequential years were high for both sexes during the four years of our study. Our model rankings and capture probability estimates indicate that females had a higher probability of detection when entering the breeding pond, likely reflecting differences between the sexes in arrival time to the pond. We found directionality in some, but not all, annual migrations, despite indications of individual fidelity in orientation across years. Our study provides the first estimates of breeding probability and assessment of migratory orientation patterns for A. jeffersonianum and contributes to the understanding of the reproductive ecology and natural history of pond-breeding amphibians.
Kindergarten students' qualitative responses to different instructional strategies during the horizontal jump

Background: The teaching strategies of modeling and the use of cue words are employed by both experienced and inexperienced teachers. While these strategies have received some attention in the literature, the effectiveness of these strategies in terms of the resultant change in the quality or kinematics of the motor skill performance has been limited. Purpose: To investigate the influence of cue words, when given independently and in conjunction with a modeled performance, on the qualitative or process characteristics (kinematics) of a motor skill. Participants and setting: Thirty kindergarten children participated in this study from a rural school in southern USA. Research design: A repeated measures design was employed to expose the participants to several teaching methodologies. Random assignment to order of methodology presentation was utilized. Data collection: Participants were pre-tested on the horizontal jump, initiated by the command, ‘jump as far as you can’. The participants were then randomly assigned to either the cue word only condition or the model condition, and asked to jump again. Finally, the participants were exposed to both the cue words and the model together and asked to jump again. Data analysis: Two (shoulder angle and knee angle) Analyses of Variance (ANOVA) were used to determine differences between teaching strategy groups and conditions. Each assessment set produced data for a 2 × 3 (strategy × condition) mixed design with repeated measures on the last factor. Findings: The shoulder angle noted a significant difference between the pre and the cue word only conditions (p < 0.01) and between the pre and the model and cue condition, for the cue-only participants (p < 0.01). However, statistical analysis of the maximum relative knee flexion angle prior to the participant's feet leaving the ground yielded no significant difference (F(2,15) = 2.887, p = 0.087, η2 = 0.278) across the three trial conditions. Conclusions: Results indicated that cue words used independently or in conjunction with a visual model influenced the kinematics of the skill.
Individual and Contextual Antecedents of Knowledge Acquisition Capability in Joint ICT Project Teams in Malaysia

This study investigates the significance of joint ICT projects with foreign partners in the acquisition of knowledge by local personnel in an emerging economy, based on the perspective of individualâs absorptive capacity (i.e., ACAP). The model conceptualizes knowledge acquisition capability as the individual dimension of ACAP and posits differences in prior experience and learning orientation as well as individualâs perception of partnerâs support as antecedents to local employeesâ abilities to (i) recognize the value of and (ii) assimilate foreign partnersâ embedded knowledge. This model was validated by the results of the structural equation modelling, conducted on a cross sectional survey of 205 local team members of joint ICT projects in Malaysia. All the hypothesized relationships were supported, with the exception of that between prior experience and ability to recognize the value of knowledge as well as learning orientation and ability to assimilate knowledge. Accordingly, the theoretical and practical implications of the findings were expatiated, with suggestions offered on the areas for future research.
The Content of Internal Conflicts: A Personal Values Perspective

This paper highlights the importance of considering two facets of the content of internal conflicts: The concrete subject theme of the conflict and the abstract motivations that people perceive as being conflicted (e.g. values implicated in the conflict). The paper demonstrates how personal value priorities contribute to the understanding of internal conflicts. In two studies I examined the relationship between values and the content of internal conflicts. In Study 1 (N = 250), students described a central conflict that they were experiencing and analysed the values they perceived as opposing in their conflict. Results indicated that the reported conflicts were usually between values not conceptualized as motivationally opposite to each other. Furthermore, personal value priorities were related to the values implicated in the conflict both directly and indirectly by their effect on the themes of the conflicts. In Study 2 (N = 230), working parents analysed the values they perceive as coming in conflict in two work–family dilemmas. Findings supported the premise that values explain individual differences in the motivational meaning attributed to a conflict even when the conflict theme is held constant. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Type I Restriction Systems: Sophisticated Molecular Machines (a Legacy of Bertani and Weigle)

SUMMARY Restriction enzymes are well known as reagents widely used by molecular biologists for genetic manipulation and analysis, but these reagents represent only one class (type II) of a wider range of enzymes that recognize specific nucleotide sequences in DNA molecules and detect the provenance of the DNA on the basis of specific modifications to their target sequence. Type I restriction and modification (R-M) systems are complex; a single multifunctional enzyme can respond to the modification state of its target sequence with the alternative activities of modification or restriction. In the absence of DNA modification, a type I R-M enzyme behaves like a molecular motor, translocating vast stretches of DNA towards itself before eventually breaking the DNA molecule. These sophisticated enzymes are the focus of this review, which will emphasize those aspects that give insights into more general problems of molecular and microbial biology. Current molecular experiments explore target recognition, intramolecular communication, and enzyme activities, including DNA translocation. Type I R-M systems are notable for their ability to evolve new specificities, even in laboratory cultures. This observation raises the important question of how bacteria protect their chromosomes from destruction by newly acquired restriction specifities. Recent experiments demonstrate proteolytic mechanisms by which cells avoid DNA breakage by a type I R-M system whenever their chromosomal DNA acquires unmodified target sequences. Finally, the review will reflect the present impact of genomic sequences on a field that has previously derived information almost exclusively from the analysis of bacteria commonly studied in the laboratory.
Chemical analysis by GC-MS and in vitro antibacterial activity of Alkanna tinctoria extracts against skin infection causing bacteria

Alkanna is a traditional medicinal plant; Bedouin of Saudi Arabia use the roots of the plant for the treatment of many skin diseases. Water and ethanol extracts of Alkanna roots were evaluated for their antibacterial activity against four pathogenic bacteria responsible for skin infections i.e. Pseudomonas areuginosa ATCC 27853, Bacillus subtilis (clinical strain), Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25928. The agar well diffusion method was employed for the antibacterial screening of crude extracts. Ethanol extract inhibited the growth of all bacteria, as depicted by the zone of inhibition of bacteria around the well filled with extract. The maximum zone of inhibition was observed against B. subtilis (28.0 mm) followed by S. aureus (24.7 mm), P. areuginosa (18.7 mm) and E. coli (15.3 mm). The water extract showed minor antibacterial activity against B. subtilis and S. aureus however, it was found ineffective against other two pathogens. The streak method was used to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC). The MIC value of ethanol extract against B. subtilis and S. aureus was 2 μl/ml, whereas, against E. coli and P. areuginosa it was 4 μl/ml. The qualitative analysis of the ethanol extract was conducted by the GC-MS. The major compounds detected in the ethanolic extract of Alkanna were akanin, acetyl-alkanin, ethane, 1, 1-dichloro-, 1H-enzotriazole, 4-nitro, 2- chloroethyl (methylsulfonyl) methanesulfonate and 2, 5-cyclohexadien-1-one, 4-diazo-. Besides that several other napthoqinones and esters were detected in the extract. Results of present study manifest that extract of Alkanna has the potential to inhibit the growth of pathogens responsible for skin infections.
Challenges of the Faculty Career for Women: Success & Sacrifice

Bank, all of which have created their own powerful narratives of public interest and private opportunity. Taken together, the ten contributors to the volume and the editor have produced an outstanding piece of work on the difficult relationship between university governance and university service to society. In light of their investigations, the title of the collection Governance and the Public Good appears to be both deceptively simple and amply encompassing for, as the authors show, governance can be exercised for, against, and in spite of the common good. If the book’s immediate predecessor (Kezar, Chambers, & Burkhardt, 2005) was conceived as a herald of the beginning national movement for the advancement of the public good in higher education, Tierney’s edited volume is certainly well positioned to become this movement’s flag bearer.
Biological Sex, Sex-Role Identity, and the Spectrum of Computing Orientations: A Re-Appraisal at the End of the 90s

Biological sex and psychological masculinity and femininity are related to computer comfort (the inverse of anxiety), engagement, and over-use. The study shows both greater masculinity and femininity to be related to greater computer comfort, greater masculinity to be related to greater engagement, and greater femininity to be associated with lesser over-use. While there are no sex differences in computer comfort and engagement, males appear more prone to over-use, but this is not mediated by sex differences in femininity. It is concluded that both femininity and masculinity are now propitious for the development of positive computer orientations, and that greater female negativity toward computers is waning. The expansion of computer applications into non-male dominated areas, such as inter-personal communication, is cited as a major explanation for these observations. The findings imply that some reduction of sex asymmetries in computing course enrollments should be expected, although it is speculated that this might only be marginal. Over-usage is identified as a major area of future concern.
Kidney and liver transplantation in patients with autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease: a multicentric study.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES In contrast to the improvement in our understanding of the pathogenesis and presentation of autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD), data regarding the issue of kidney and liver transplantation in patients with ARPKD remain particularly scarce. Here, we report the results and outcome of renal and/or liver transplantation in a series of patients with ARPKD. METHODS Fourteen ARPKD patients (age: 3-25 years) who underwent renal transplantation with or without liver transplantation were retrospectively identified in five French nephrology departments. The patients' medical charts were reviewed and relevant data were collected. RESULTS The clinical and radiological presentation of the 14 patients was highly variable illustrating the heterogeneity of ARPKD. Six patients underwent kidney and/or liver transplantation in adulthood. First renal graft survival was 92, 78 and 14% at 1, 5 and 10 years after renal transplantation, respectively. Mortality rate was relatively high (3/14; 21%) in these young patients and was directly related to infectious complications (recurrent angiocholitis) of severe Caroli's disease (dilatation of intra- and/or extra-hepatic bile ducts), a typical feature of ARPKD. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that ARPKD patients evaluated for renal transplantation should be carefully screened for severe Caroli's disease. Even though the limited number of patients included in our study precludes any definite recommendation, pre-emptive liver transplantation may be a therapeutic option in ARPKD patients with severe Caroli's disease evaluated for renal transplantation.
Vermont and the Imaginative Geographies of American Whiteness

Abstract The U.S. state of Vermont is often portrayed as a place where “race” is of little significance, yet notions of whiteness are central to how the state has been represented and represents itself. A critical analysis of historical and contemporary economies of representation examines how Vermont has been imagined as one of the last remaining spaces of authentic Yankee whiteness while more recently becoming an imagined homeland for particular brands of white liberal politics and social practice in the United States. Narratives of white Vermont identity have often explicitly drawn on oppositions to other forms of whiteness, particularly those associated with the U.S. South, in constructing an image of a comparatively racially benign Yankee whiteness. Recent right-wing discourses have explicitly attempted to construct Vermont whiteness as outside the American mainstream (not least through its discursive association with gay and lesbian sexualities), suggesting a need for geographical work on the (re)configuration of whiteness to reconsider where “normal” American whiteness is imagined to reside. The examination of the case of Vermont highlights the need for future geographical research to attend to continuities between various territorialized constructions of whiteness as well as contestations within whiteness.