Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the adult patients' falling incidents in a university hospital.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the occurrences and to characterize the falling incidents of adult patients hospitalized in clinical and surgical units of a university hospital in the southern region of the country, in the period from 2011 to 2014. METHOD Descriptive, cross-sectional and retrospective study, carried out from December 2016 to December 2017. The sample consisted of 1112 reports, covering all hospitalized patients who were notified with falls occurring in the studied period. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical statistics. RESULTS Female and elderly patients were predominant in the sample, in which 69.4% of the incidents did not present any damage. The occurrence of falls was significantly higher at night. Limitation to walking and being unaccompanied were the most prevalent factors in the patient's conditions before the fall. CONCLUSION The fall is a multifactorial event that requires periodic evaluation of the risk factors by the team to plan their prevention.
Is Sleep Quality More Important Than Sleep Duration for Public Health?

In this issue of SLEEP, Clark and colleagues contribute an extremely large and well-conducted longitudinal study on the relationship between poor sleep and cardiovascular risk.1 Using three waves of data from the Finnish Public Sector Study and linkage to electronic health records, the study authors examined if the onset of poor sleep was associated with the development of hypertension, diabetes, and dyslipidemia in over 45,600 working-aged adults. The onset of poor sleep was the transition to short or long sleep duration from 7–8 hours of “normal” sleep, or the change from negligible to more than weekly sleep disturbance over the course of 4 years. The outcomes were based on medication reimbursements after physician confirmation of the diagnosis with the follow-up period being up to 7 years after the onset of poor sleep. Clark and colleagues’ comprehensive analyses showed that the transition to short or long sleep duration was not significantly linked to the development of hypertension, diabetes, or dyslipidemia. The onset of sleep disturbance, however, predicted a roughly 20% risk increase for both hypertension and dyslipidaemia, with no additional risk conferred for diabetes. These findings for hypertension are generally consistent with results from previous meta-analytic reviews,2,3 although the null findings for diabetes are surprising and suggest the diabetes risk associated with poor sleep may be more modest than previously estimated.4,5 Importantly, the study contributes new data on the relationship between poor sleep and subsequent dyslipidemia, an association for which there is much less evidence. Previous longitudinal studies point to worse lipid profiles with short sleep duration6–8 and worse sleep quality,9 and together with the rigorous results presented by Clark and colleagues, support a mechanistic chain connecting poor sleep to subsequent cardiovascular disease via dyslipidemia. There is much to like about the study by Clark and colleagues, including its ability to investigate both sleep duration and sleep quality as health risk factors, its long follow-up, its large sample size, and ability to control for many factors that contribute to cardiovascular risk including smoking, physical activity, body mass index, and existing physical and psychiatric conditions. By including only participants with normal sleep durations and no sleep disturbance at the beginning of the study, and excluding those with a history of sleep apnea, heart disease, stroke, as well as the outcomes, the authors ensure that the development of poor sleep occurs before the development of disease, thus bolstering the case for causality in the findings. The authors also conducted an impressive and thorough set of sensitivity analyses, including but not limited to considering relative rather than absolute changes in sleep duration to account for individualand age-related differences in pii: sp-00447-16 ht tp://dx.doi. org/10.5665/sleep.6078
The role of complement in the therapeutic activity of rituximab in a murine B lymphoma model homing in lymph nodes.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES We have set up a murine B lymphoma model stably expressing human CD20 and homing in lymph nodes in immunocompetent mice to study the mechanism of action of rituximab. DESIGN AND METHODS The B lymphoma line 38C13 was stably transduced with the human CD20 cDNA by retroviral infection and injected into syngeneic mice. RESULTS The transduced 38C13-CD20(+) cells stably expressed human CD20 on 100% of cells. Rituximab alone did not inhibit 38C13-CD20+ cell growth but relocalized the human CD20 into lipid rafts and induced complement-mediated lysis in vitro. Inoculation of 4x10(3) 38C13-CD20(+) intravenously into syngeneic mice led to the development of tumor masses in the spleen, bone marrow and lymph nodes, detectable from day 15 by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis, and with a median survival of 21-24 days. Treatment with 250 mg rituximab i.p. given 1-10 days after tumor inoculation cured 100% of animals, with disappearance of tumor documented by immunohistochemistry and PCR analysis. Depletion of both NK cells and neutrophils did not affect the therapeutic activity of rituximab in vivo. Similarly, removal of phagocytic macrophages using clodronate-liposomes did not modify the capacity of rituximab to control tumor growth. In contrast, the protective activity of the antibody was completely abolished after complement depletion with cobra venom factor. Complement was also required when cells were inoculated subcutaneously in nude mice. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate that complement is required for the therapeutic activity of rituximab in vivo in a murine model of B-cell lymphoma, independently of its localization in lymph nodes or subcutaneously.
Expression of the Evi-1 zinc finger gene in 32Dc13 myeloid cells blocks granulocytic differentiation in response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor

Expression of the Evi-1 gene is frequently activated in murine myeloid leukemias by retroviral insertions immediately 5' or 90 kb 5' of the gene. The Evi-1 gene product is a nuclear, DNA-binding zinc finger protein of 145 kDa. On the basis of the properties of the myeloid cell lines in which the Evi-1 gene is activated, it has been hypothesized that its expression blocks normal differentiation. To explore this proposed role, we have constructed a retrovirus vector containing the gene and examined its effects on an interleukin-3-dependent myeloid cell line that differentiates in response to granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). Expression of the Evi-1 gene in these cells did not alter the normal growth factor requirements of the cells. However, expression of the Evi-1 gene blocked the ability of the cells to express myeloperoxidase and to terminally differentiate to granulocytes in response to G-CSF. This effect was not due to altered expression of the G-CSF receptor or to changes in the initial responses of the cells to G-CSF. These results support the hypothesis that the inappropriate expression of the Evi-1 gene in myeloid cells interferes with the ability of the cells to terminally differentiate.
Histomorphology and histochemistry of adenomeres of labial glands in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis).

The study was conducted on ten healthy buffalo calves. The labial glands were distributed mainly at the commissure of lips and some isolated lobes in upper and lower lips. The gland was not encapsulated and parenchyma was comprised of secretory units and duct system. The adenomeres (secretory units) were mainly mucous with some serous and mixed type. Few serous demilunes capping the mucous alveoli were also present. The mucous cells contained muccopolysaccharides and some glycogen content. Acid and alkaline phosphatases were in traces.
Negotiation Agenda Strategies for Bargaining With Buying Teams

A theoretical framework for selecting negotiation agenda strategies is developed for the common situation in which a single sales person is faced with bargaining with multi-functional buying teams. Two key strategic decisions regarding agenda setting, namely, the use of simultaneous versus sequential negotiation agendas, and the order of importance in which multiple issues should be bargained in sequential negotiations are examined. Based on this foundation, hypotheses concerning the profits, satisfaction, bargaining styles, negotiation time, and likelihood of reaching an agreement that result from these choices are presented. These hypotheses are then tested using a laboratory setting to simulate face-to-face negotiations. The findings suggest that in multi-issue, multi-buyer negotiations a simultaneous bargaining of the issues raises the perceptions of power by the buyers but still provides more integrative, satisfying, and timely agreements to both parties compared to using a sequential ordering of the issues. In sequential negotiations, the ordering of the relative importance of the issues to the parties is found to affect their pre-negotiation dispositions, the seller's subsequent bargaining styles, and the eventual likelihood of reaching an agreement. Managerial implications of these research findings are drawn and contrasted with conventional wisdom, indicating the need for salespeople to rethink a number of commonly held beliefs.
Distributed Sorting on Local Area Networks

A straight-line-topology local area network (LAN) to which a number of nodes are connected either in series or in parallel is considered. A file F is arbitrarily partitioned among these sites. The problem studied is that of rearranging the records of the file such that the keys of records at lower-ranking sites are all smaller than those at higher-ranking sites. Lower bounds on the worst-case communication complexity are given for both the series and parallel arrangements, and algorithms optimal for all networks and files are presented. >
Effect of high plane of nutrition on the performance of Haemonchus contortus infected kids.

Aim: To determine the effect of severity of Haemonchus contortus infection on performance and economics of raising kids fed on two respective plane of nutrition. Materials and Methods: The feeding trial was conducted for 120 days with non-descript female kids (3-5 months age). The kids were randomly allocated into two dietary treatments having normal protein normal energy (NPNE) and high protein medium energy (HPME) using conventional feedstuffs (crushed maize, ground nut cake, berseem hay and chaffed paddy straw), fortified with mineral mixture (1%), salt (0.5%) and vitamin premix (@ 20gq-1 feed), each treatment having three levels of H. contortus infection (W , W and W ) in a 2x3 factorial design. The study was undertaken to ascertain the performance 0 500 2000 and economics of raising kids fed on higher plane of nutrition. Results: The total dry matter intake (DMI: kg) was 41.18, 39.56 and 41.11 in W0, W and W in group HPME; whereas in 500 2000 NPNE the DMI was 39.66, 38.03 and 35.95 kg in the respective infection levels. The highest body weight gain was obtained in HPME than NPNE from 1st to 16th week of experiment. The infected kids at NPNE gained at a slower rate as compared to the kids maintained at HPME. The mean percentage of monocytes, lymphocytes and neutrophils fluctuated in different ways throughout the experiment without any significant difference and these cells were not followed any specific trend. However, significantly higher (P
Why Do Rates of B-Convergence Differ? A Meta-Regression Analysis

There have been many tests of the convergence hypothesis yielding many diffrent estimates of b (the speed of convergence). Narative reviews of the convergence literature hint at possible reasons for the study-to-study variation in the value of b, but such reviews are selective and informal. In contrast, meta-regression analysis provides a more formal and objective review of the literature. It is shown that study design and methodology are important determinants of the reported convergence rate, especially in cross-national studies. There is also evidence of general misspecification in the literature.
Trichosanthin Inhibits Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation in Both Cell Lines and Nude Mice by Promotion of Apoptosis

Breast cancer ranks as a common and severe neoplasia in women with increasing incidence as well as high risk of metastasis and relapse. Translational and laboratory-based clinical investigations of new/novel drugs are in progress. Medicinal plants are rich sources of biologically active natural products for drug development. The 27-kDa trichosanthin (TCS) is a ribosome inactivating protein purified from tubers of the Chinese herbal plant Trichosanthes kirilowii Maximowicz (common name Tian Hua Fen). In this study, we extended the potential medicinal applications of TCS from HIV, ferticide, hydatidiform moles, invasive moles, to breast cancer. We found that TCS manifested anti-proliferative and apoptosis-inducing activities in both estrogen-dependent human MCF-7 cells and estrogen-independent MDA-MB-231 cells. Flow cytometric analysis disclosed that TCS induced cell cycle arrest. Further studies revealed that TCS-induced tumor cell apoptosis was attributed to activation of both caspase-8 and caspase-9 regulated pathways. The subsequent events including caspase-3 activation, and increased PARP cleavage. With regard to cell morphology, stereotypical apoptotic features were observed. Moreover, in comparison with control, TCS- treated nude mice bearing MDA-MB-231 xenograft tumors exhibited significantly reduced tumor volume and tumor weight, due to the potent effect of TCS on tumor cell apoptosis as determined by the increase of caspase-3 activation, PARP cleavage, and DNA fragmentation using immunohistochemistry. Considering the clinical efficacy and relative safety of TCS on other human diseases, this work opens up new therapeutic avenues for patients with estrogen-dependent and/or estrogen-independent breast cancers.
Effect of Aerobic Exercise on Serum Metabolites in Mice with Hepatocellular Carcinoma After Surgery

Background Modern medicine has suggested exercise therapy is one of the main treatments for postoperative rehabilitation of tumors. It can influence the recovery of cancer patients by changing the body’s material metabolism and energy metabolism. However, studies on metabolic changes of exercise therapy on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients after surgery are limited. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of aerobic exercise on mice after orthotopic HCC surgery by serum metabolomics test and explore the related mechanism. Material/Methods A total of 60 C57Bl/6 mice were used to establish an orthotopic xenograft model of H22 mouse hepatoma cells. Mice were randomly divided into 6 groups and it was found that the metabolic products of the early postoperative exercise group and sedentary group mainly included L-tryptophan, citric acid, and other energy-related metabolites. Results Energy metabolites, such as succinic acid of the high-intensity exercise group were increased after surgery, whereas phospholipid metabolites, including phosphatidylethanolamine (18: 0/0: 0), were decreased. In the moderate-intensity exercise group, the change tendency was consistent, and the level of various metabolites decreased. Conclusions Thus, it is likely that aerobic exercise reduced the degree of postoperative stress responses and improved energy metabolism in mice. The underlying mechanism involves improving the tricarboxylic acid cycle, intervening in energy metabolism, reorganization caused by the tumor, reducing the abnormal increase of phospholipase activity caused by the stress of liver cancer, reducing the level of hemolytic phospholipids, thereby inhibiting mitochondrial pathway-initiated apoptosis.
Mendelian randomization shows a causal effect of low vitamin D on multiple sclerosis risk

Objective: We sought to estimate the causal effect of low serum 25(OH)D on multiple sclerosis (MS) susceptibility that is not confounded by environmental or lifestyle factors or subject to reverse causality. Methods: We conducted mendelian randomization (MR) analyses using an instrumental variable (IV) comprising 3 single nucleotide polymorphisms found to be associated with serum 25(OH)D levels at genome-wide significance. We analyzed the effect of the IV on MS risk and both age at onset and disease severity in 2 separate populations using logistic regression models that controlled for sex, year of birth, smoking, education, genetic ancestry, body mass index at age 18–20 years or in 20s, a weighted genetic risk score for 110 known MS-associated variants, and the presence of one or more HLA-DRB1*15:01 alleles. Results: Findings from MR analyses using the IV showed increasing levels of 25(OH)D are associated with a decreased risk of MS in both populations. In white, non-Hispanic members of Kaiser Permanente Northern California (1,056 MS cases and 9,015 controls), the odds ratio (OR) was 0.79 (p = 0.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.64–0.99). In members of a Swedish population from the Epidemiological Investigation of Multiple Sclerosis and Genes and Environment in Multiple Sclerosis MS case-control studies (6,335 cases and 5,762 controls), the OR was 0.86 (p = 0.03, 95% CI: 0.76–0.98). A meta-analysis of the 2 populations gave a combined OR of 0.85 (p = 0.003, 95% CI: 0.76–0.94). No association was observed for age at onset or disease severity. Conclusions: These results provide strong evidence that low serum 25(OH)D concentration is a cause of MS, independent of established risk factors.
Model-free control for wind farms using a gradient estimation-based algorithm

Wind turbines working close to other turbines experience interactions that affect the power production. These interactions arise as a consequence of wakes caused by upstream wind turbines. In order to achieve a more effective and precise control of the power generated by wind farms, the control strategy must consider these interactions. However, the phenomena involved in wake effects are complex especially in cases of large number of turbines. This paper presents the implementation of a gradient estimation-based algorithm as a model-free control for two different control schemes aimed to maximize the energy capture of a wind farm. One control is centralized, leaving to a supervisor the task of command computation and the other topology is decentralized, distributing the performing generation among wind turbines. This latter scheme aims to increase the reliability of the wind farm operation by reducing the communications needed to fulfill the objective of maximizing energy capture. Both control schemes are evaluated by simulation in the case of three-turbine wind farm.
Fetal Monitoring during Labor

For three decades, cardiotocography has been the basic technique for fetal surveillance during labor, but its impact on fetal well-being remains controversial. The benefits and disadvantages of fetal monitoring with cardiotocography during labor are reviewed. Special reference is made to the possible effect on the rate of neonatal seizures in newborns and their long-term outcome.
Endurance training: is it bad for you?

Educational aims To illustrate the characteristics of endurance exercise training and its positive effects on health. To provide an overview on the effects of endurance training on airway cells and bronchial reactivity. To summarise the current knowledge on respiratory health problems in elite athletes. Endurance exercise training exerts many positive effects on health, including improved metabolism, reduction of cardiovascular risk, and reduced all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Intense endurance exercise causes mild epithelial injury and inflammation in the airways, but does not appear to exert detrimental effects on respiratory health or bronchial reactivity in recreational/non-elite athletes. Conversely, elite athletes of both summer and winter sports show increased susceptibility to development of asthma, possibly related to environmental exposures to allergens or poor conditioning of inspired air, so that a distinct phenotype of “sports asthma” has been proposed to characterise such athletes, who more often practise aquatic and winter sports. Overall, endurance training is good for health but may become deleterious when performed at high intensity or volume. Endurance training is good for health but may become deleterious when performed at high intensity or volume http://ow.ly/4n9jR4
The relationship of abuse in childhood to maternal maltreatment of children

The study of child abuse has been a major research focus since the early 1960 's . One prevailing assumption which has remained entrenched in the literature on abuse is the hypothesis of an intergenerational transmission of abuse which specifies that an experience of abuse in childhood is predictive of the adoption of abusive practices as a parent. Empirical and theoretical support for this hypothesis were reviewed. Although theoretical support was indicated, caution was advised with interpretation. Furthermore, empirical evidence appears to have been overstated. The present study involved four groups of mothers: those with a history of physical and/or emotional abuse as children, who were either maltreating or not maltreating their own children; and mothers without a history of abuse who were either maltreating or not maltreating their own children. The first L purpose of the study was to explore the validity of the intergenerational hypothesis of abuse. Results were consistent with predictions generated from the hypothesized cycle of abuse. Based on labeling theory, possible selection biases were proposed to explain this finding. Sampling abusing mothers from treatment programs and nonabusing mothers from volunteer groups may have respectively overrepresented and underrepresented abusive history. For a more representative sample, the cycle hypothesis might not have been supported. The second purpose of
Diagnosing Idiopathic Normal-pressure Hydrocephalus

OBJECTIVE:The precise incidence and prevalence of idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (INPH) is not known, and evidence-based clinical diagnostic criteria have not been developed previously. This report contains evidence-based guidelines for clinical diagnosis of INPH that are intended to facilitate future epidemiological studies of INPH, promote earlier and more accurate diagnosis, and ultimately improve treatment outcome. METHODS:The criteria for the diagnosis of INPH are based on evidence from the medical literature, supplemented as necessary by expert opinion. From 1966 to 2003, 653 publications on “normal-pressure hydrocephalus” were cited in MEDLINE, including 29 articles that met the more stringent criteria of including “idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus” in their title. Additional studies were considered that explicitly identified INPH cases and/or specified the criteria for a diagnosis of INPH. Studies were graded according to the class of evidence and results summarized in evidentiary tables. For issues of clinical relevance that lacked substantive evidence from the medical literature, the opinions of consulting experts were considered and contributed to “Options. ” RESULTS:Evidence-based guidelines for the clinical diagnosis of INPH have been developed. A detailed understanding of the range of clinical manifestations of this disorder and adherence to practice guidelines should improve the timely and accurate recognition of this disorder. CONCLUSION:It is recommended that INPH be classified into probable, possible, and unlikely categories. We hope that these criteria will be widely applied in clinical practice and will promote greater consistency in patient selection in future clinical investigations involving INPH.