Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Water and solute permeabilities of Arabidopsis roots in relation to the amount and composition of aliphatic suberin

Although it is implied that suberized apoplastic barriers of roots negatively correlate with water and solute permeabilities, direct transport measurements across roots with altered amounts and compositions of aliphatic suberin are scarce. In the present study, hydroponically grown Arabidopsis wild types (Col8 and Col0) and different suberin mutants with altered amounts and/or compositions (horst, esb1-1, and esb1-2) were used to test this hypothesis. Detailed histochemical studies revealed late development of Casparian bands and suberin lamellae in the horst mutant compared with wild types and esb mutants. Suberin analysis with gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS) showed that the horst mutant had ∼33% lower amounts of aliphatic monomers than Col8 and Col0. In contrast, enhanced suberin mutants (esb1-1 and esb1-2) had twice the amount of suberin as the wild types. Correlative permeability measurements, which were carried out for the first time with a root pressure probe for Arabidopsis, revealed that the hydraulic conductivity (Lpr) and NaCl permeability (Psr) of the whole root system of the horst mutant were markedly greater than in the respective wild types. This was reflected by the total amounts of aliphatic suberin determined in the roots. However, increased levels of aliphatic suberin in esb mutants failed to reduce either water or NaCl permeabilities below those of the wild types. It was concluded that the simple view and the conventional assumption that the amount of root suberin negatively correlates with permeability may not always be true. The aliphatic monomer arrangement in the suberin biopolymer and its microstructure also play a role in apoplastic barrier formation.
Construct Validity of Career Indecision: Negative Personality Traits as Predictors of Career Indecision

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the construct validity of career indecision by examining its relationships to selected negative personality traits (perfectionism, self-consciousness, and fear of commitment) among 217 college students. It was hypothesized that career indecision would be positively and significantly associated with perfectionism, self-consciousness, and fear of commitment. As predicted, fear of commitment was a strong predictor of career indecision. Two of the three dimensions of perfectionism were also predictive of career indecision: Self-oriented perfectionism was a significant negative predictor of career indecision, whereas socially prescribed perfectionism was positively predictive of career indecision. However, other-oriented perfectionism was not predictive of career indecision. As was true of perfectionism, two of the three dimensions of self-consciousness were predictive of career indecision: Private self-consciousness was a positive predictor of career indecision, and social anxiety was a negative predictor. Public self-consciousness was not a significant predictor of career indecision. The implications of the findings for career counselors and for future research are discussed.
On Clinical Reasoning: Patterns of Reflection on Practice

Five qualified occupational therapists and their patients were videotaped during a treatment session. The occupational therapists first were asked to describe the session in a narrative form, i.e., “tell the story,” and then they were asked to describe the thoughts and considerations on which they had conducted the treatment session, i.e., “reflection on practice. ” A qualitative analysis was performed in accordance with the model for clinical reasoning developed by Fleming (1991). Both quantitative and qualitative analysis showed that procedural reasoning was predominant both in storytelling and reflection on practice, and a very small number of comments was classified as interactive or conditional reasoning. The results of this preliminary investigation suggested that we should examine the role that reflection on practice plays in examining, developing, and teaching the art of occupational therapy.
Modeling call holding time distributions for CCS network design and performance analysis

The message traffic offered to the CCS signaling network depends on and is modulated by the traffic characteristics of the circuit switched calls supported by the CCS network. Most previous analyses of CCS network engineering, performance evaluation and congestion control protocols generally assume an exponential holding time of circuit switched calls. Analysis of actual holding time distributions in conversations, facsimile and voice mail connections revealed that these distributions radically differ from the exponential distribution. Especially significant is the large proportion of very short calls in real traffic in comparison with the exponential distribution model. The diversity of calls (partial dialing, subscriber busy, no answer) and services results in a multi-component call mix, with even larger proportion of short time intervals between message-generating events. Very short call holding times can have a significant impact on the traffic stream presented to the CCS network: for calls with short holding times, the different CCS messages arrive relatively close to each other, and this manifests as burstiness in the CCS traffic stream. >
The increasing prevalence of bulimia in freshman college students

A self-report questionnaire designed to elicit the DSM-III inclusion criteria for bulimia was completed by 1389 students (95.9% of those surveyed) from the same geographic area surveyed 3 years previously. Approximately 8% of the female students endorsed the criteria for bulimia in each survey. Even with the more stringent criteria used in the current survey, the percentage of female students who reported all the operationalized criteria for bulimia and in addition engaged in weekly binge-purging behavior increased from 1% in 1980 to 3.2% in 1983. The female college students reporting bulimia in the current survey more closely resembled the bulimic patients coming for treatment than those in the previous survey, particularly in the reported frequency of daily binge eating, self-induced vomiting for weight control, and the endorsement of DSM-III Criterion B behaviors. Validation studies indicated that self-report questionnaires may not correctly identify binge eating, fear of loss of control over eating behaviors, or self-deprecatory thoughts after binge eating, when compared with professional assessment by interview.
Adenosine's role in coronary vasodilation induced by atrial pacing and norepinephrine.

If adenosine (ADO) mediates metabolic vasodilation in the heart, increases in interstitial ADO (ISF[ADO]) must accompany increases in coronary vascular conductance. We tested this using ADO release, defined as the difference in [ADO] in coronary venous and arterial plasma multiplied by coronary plasma flow, as an index of ISF[ADO]. Pentobarbital-anesthetized dogs received intravenous norepinephrine or left atrial pacing, and the resulting changes in coronary blood flow (delta CBF), conductance (delta C), myocardial oxygen consumption (delta VO2), and ADO release (delta RADO) were measured. If ISF[ADO] and C are coupled, the ratio delta RADO/delta C should be greater than zero. For dogs receiving atrial pacing, the ratios delta RADO/delta C, delta RADO/delta CBF, and delta RADO/delta VO2 equal -2.4 +/- 2.2 nmol . mmHg-1 . ml-1, -0.022 +/- 0.020 nmol/ml, and -0.13 +/- 0.12 nmol/ml, respectively. These values do not differ from zero. For dogs receiving norepinephrine, delta RADO/delta C, delta RADO/delta CBF, and delta RADO/delta VO2 equal 9.7 +/- 1.8, 0.051 +/- 0.017, and 0.44 +/- 0.13, respectively. These values are greater than zero (P less than 0.05). These differences between atrial pacing and norepinephrine infusion rate observed despite similar changes in C, CBF, and VO2. We conclude that ADO may mediate the vasodilation induced by norepinephrine, but not atrial pacing.
Conceptions of french pupils concerning electric circuits: Structure and evolution

A wide investigation on French pupils, ranging from the start of secondary school (grade 6, 12 years old) up to the fourth year of university has enabled the effect of the teaching of conceptions of basic electricity to be evaluated. The simplest ones disappear with teaching, but other stronger ones (“exhaustion” of current, constant current generator) resist even after many years of teaching. The authors propose the hypothesis that certain misconceptions could be produced by the very way in which pupils overcome in part the first difficulties they meet, which poses a difficult problem for physics teaching.
Using neighbors to date web documents

Time has been successfully used as a feature in web information retrieval tasks. In this context, estimating a document's inception date or last update date is a necessary task. Classic approaches have used HTTP header fields to estimate a document's last update time. The main problem with this approach is that it is applicable to a small part of web documents. In this work, we evaluate an alternative strategy based on a document's neighborhood. Using a random sample containing 10,000 URLs from the Yahoo! Directory, we study each document's links and media assets to determine its age. If we only consider isolated documents, we are able to date 52% of them. Including the document's neighborhood, we are able to estimate the date of more than 86% of the same sample. Also, we find that estimates differ significantly according to the type of neighbors used. The most reliable estimates are based on the document's media assets, while the worst estimates are based on incoming links. These results are experimentally evaluated with a real world application using different datasets.
THE QUALITY OF LEADER-MEMBER EXCHANGE (LMX) AND MEMBER PERFORMANCE: A META-ANALYTIC REVIEW.

This study investigated the leader-member exchange (LMX) and member performance relationship. Based on job structure, it was posited that the method used to measure performance (objective versus subjective) would moderate the LMX/performance relationship, as would the manner LMX was assessed (by leader or member). Results support these expectations.
Exploring the Utility of Background and Cognitive Variables in Explaining Latent Differential Item Functioning: An Example of the PISA 2009 Reading Assessment

Differential item functioning (DIF) may be caused by an interaction of multiple manifest grouping variables or unexplored manifest variables, which cannot be detected by conventional DIF detection methods that are based on a single manifest grouping variable. Such DIF may be detected by a latent approach using the mixture item response theory model and subsequently explained by multiple manifest variables. This study facilitates the interpretation of latent DIF with the use of background and cognitive variables. The PISA 2009 reading assessment and student survey are analyzed. Results show that members in manifest groups were not homogenously advantaged or disadvantaged and that a single manifest grouping variable did not suffice to be a proxy of latent DIF. This study also demonstrates that DIF items arising from the interaction of multiple variables can be effectively screened by the latent DIF analysis approach. Background and cognitive variables jointly well predicted latent class membership.
Effectiveness of an Association of a Cranberry Dry Extract, D-mannose, and the Two Microorganisms Lactobacillus plantarum LP01 and Lactobacillus paracasei LPC09 in Women Affected by Cystitis: A Pilot Study

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are the most common bacterial infection in women. Most UTIs are acute uncomplicated cystitis caused by Escherichia coli (86%). This study was undertaken to assess the effectiveness of an association of a cranberry dry extract, D-mannose, a gelling complex composed of the exopolysaccharides produced by Streptococcus thermophilus ST10 (DSM 25246) and tara gum, as well as the 2 microorganisms Lactobacillus plantarum LP01 (LMG P-21021) and Lactobacillus paracasei LPC09 (DSM 24243) in women affected by acute uncomplicated cystitis. Materials and Methods: Thirty-three premenopausal, nonpregnant women diagnosed with acute uncomplicated cystitis were enrolled in a pilot prospective study and completed the treatment protocol. Subjects were instructed to take 2 doses per day during the first month, and then to continue with 1 sachet per day until the sixtieth day. Nitrites and leukocyte esterase on urine dipstick testing were used as indicators of cystitis, with analysis performed at enrollment, after 30 and 60 days, and after 1 month of follow-up. Typical UTI symptoms, namely dysuria, frequent voiding of small volumes, urinary urgency, suprapubic pain, and gross hematuria were scored 0 to 3 and evaluated at each visit. Results: Positive results for the presence of nitrites and leukocyte esterase were found in 14 and 20 subjects after 30 days and in 9 and 14 women after 60 days, respectively (P<0.001). At the end of the follow-up period, positive results for nitrites and leukocyte esterase were recorded in only 4 and 3 of 24 and 19 subjects (16.7%, P=0.103; 15.8%, P=0.325, respectively), with negative results after 60 days. Typical symptoms of cystitis, specifically dysuria, frequent voiding, urgency, and suprapubic pain were significantly improved as well. No significant differences were recorded in the incidence and severity of hematuria at any visit. Conclusion: The long-term ability of an association of cranberry, D-mannose, an innovative gelling complex, and the 2 microorganisms tested to significantly improve the uncomfortable symptoms reported by women with acute cystitis has been suggested.
Distinguishing Autonomous and Directive Forms of Goal Support

Three studies examined the relations of autonomy support and directive support to goal progress over 3 months. Autonomy support was defined in terms of empathic perspective-taking, whereas directive support was defined in terms of the provision of positive guidance. Results from Study 1 revealed that autonomy support between romantic partners was significantly positively related to goal progress over 3 months, and that the beneficial effect of autonomy support was mediated by enhanced autonomous goal motivation. Study 2 involved female friend dyads and extended the goal progress results to include both self-reports and reports by peers. Study 3 showed that autonomy support similarly promoted progress at vicarious goals. Across three studies, autonomy support was also significantly associated with improved relationship quality and subjective well-being. Directive support was marginally associated with better goal progress across the three studies and unrelated to relationship quality or well-being.
Large system performance of linear multiuser receivers in multipath fading channels

A linear multiuser receiver for a particular user in a code-division multiple-access (CDMA) network gains potential benefits from knowledge of the channels of all users in the system. In fast multipath fading environments we cannot assume that the channel estimates are perfect and the inevitable channel estimation errors will limit this potential gain. We study the impact of channel estimation errors on the performance of linear multiuser receivers, as well as the channel estimation problem itself. Of particular interest are the scalability properties of the channel and data estimation algorithms: what happens to the performance as the system bandwidth and the number of users (and hence channels to estimate) grows? Our main results involve asymptotic expressions for the signal-to-interference ratio of linear multiuser receivers in the limit of large processing gain, with the number of users divided by the processing gain held constant. We employ a random model for the spreading sequences and the limiting signal-to-interference ratio expressions are independent of the actual signature sequences, depending only on the system loading and the channel statistics: background noise power, energy profile of resolvable multipaths, and channel coherence time. The effect of channel uncertainty on the performance of multiuser receivers is succinctly captured by the notion of effective interference.
Proximal and distal effects of mortality salience on willingness to engage in health promoting behavior along the life span

The current studies examine proximal and distal mortality salience effects on the willingness to engage in health-promoting activities and explore the roles of age and self-esteem. In Study 1, 164 participants completed a self-esteem scale, were assigned to a mortality salience or a neutral condition, and then completed a scale, tapping their willingness to engage in health promoting activities. Findings revealed that in the proximal mode, mortality salience led the young and middle-aged adults to report higher willingness to promote health behaviors, whereas older adults tended to show a lower willingness to promote their health compared to the control condition. In Study 2, a total of 251 participants completed the same series of questionnaires, including a distracting task immediately after the mortality salience manipulation. Findings revealed that, in the distal mode, whereas death reminders did not affect young adults, mortality salience led middle-aged participants to express higher willingness to conduct health-promoting behaviors than in a control condition. The mortality salience induction did not affect older adults with high self-esteem, but led low self-esteem individuals to report higher willingness to promote their health. The differences between the reactions of the different age groups in both the defense modes are discussed in view of the terror management theory.
High coercive field and film stress for epitaxial monolayers of Fe on W(110)

Elastic and magnetic properties of ultrathin iron films on tungsten (110) are investigated. In situ film stress measurements during growth show stress values of 25 GPa per deposited monolayer. Our experiments indicate that the tremendous film stress triggers the formation of a misfit dislocation network at a coverage of 1.5 monolayers. The effect of the film stress and its spatial variation on the magnetic behavior are discussed. We find a high coercivity of order 0.3 T for 1.5 monolayer thick films. A model is presented that explains the high coercivity in terms of strong domain wall pinning.
Structured Immersion for Language Minority Students: Results of a Longitudinal Evaluation

A recent comprehensive review of studies evaluating the effectiveness of bilingual education by Baker and de Kanter (1983) of the U.S. Department of Education concluded: "Although there are few American examples of structured immersion, these programs seem to generally succeed quite well in both the second language and subject areas" (p. 11). The authors cited several Canadian studies demonstrating that language minority students who received a structured im-
Strength Changes During an In‐Season Resistance‐Training Program for Football

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of both intensity and volume of training during a 2 d-wk-1 in-season resistance-training program (RTP) for American football players. Fifty-three National Collegiate Athletic Association Division III football players were tested in the 1 repetition maximum (1RM) bench press and 1RM squat on the first day of summer training camp (PRE) and during the final week of the regular season (POST). Subjects were required to perform 3 sets of 6–8 repetitions per exercise. Significant strength improvements in squat were observed from PRE (155.0 ± 31.8 kg) to POST (163.3 ± 30.0 kg), whereas no PRE to POST changes in bench press were seen (124.7 ± 21.0 kg vs.123.9 ± 18.6 kg, respectively). Training volume and training compliance were not related to strength improvement. Further analysis showed that athletes training at ≥80% of their PRE 1RM had significantly greater strength improvements than athletes training at <80% of their PRE 1RM, for both bench press and squat. Strength improvements can be seen in American football players, during an in-season RTP, as long as exercise intensity is ≥80% of the 1RM.
Phosphatidic Acid Induces Ligand-independent Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Endocytic Traffic through PDE4 Activation

Endocytic traffic can control cell surface versus intracellular distribution of empty/inactive EGFR, an thus its accessibility to external stimuli, through a pathway involving down regulation of PKA activity mediated by PA signaling towards PDE4. This novel control mechanism can trans-modulate EGFR function by heterologous stimuli of PLD.
FMRI Studies of the Supplementary Motor Area and the Premotor Cortex

Brain activation patterns associated with three motor tasks, differing in the mode of movement selection, were studied in seven right-handed subjects, using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). The tasks consisted of sequences of finger movements in which the next finger was selected (i) according to a fixed sequence (FIX), (ii) in response to an external sensory cue (RAND), or (iii) on the basis of free, internal selection (SELF). Periods of hand relaxation (REST) alternating with the tasks served as a control. Functional maps resulting from comparison of the motor tasks with REST reveal activation in primary sensorimotor cortex, medial and lateral premotor areas, cingulate cortex, and parietal cortex. The task activation level, defined as the percentage MR signal increase for each task relative to REST, and the differential activation, defined as the percentage MR signal increase for RAND and SELF relative to FIX, were calculated in each area. All areas showed a higher activation level for RAND and SELF than for FIX. A significant difference in activation level or differential activation between SELF and RAND was found in the posterior part of the superior frontal sulcus, in a part of the premotor cortex on the lateral brain surface, in the anterior cingulate motor cortex, and in the posterior part of the superior parietal cortex. The high-resolution and single-subject approach, provided by fMRI, allowed the distinguishing of multiple foci in medial frontal areas, premotor cortex, and parietal cortex, reflecting the functional heterogeneity of these areas suggested by previous studies.
The S100 Family Heterodimer, MRP-8/14, Binds with High Affinity to Heparin and Heparan Sulfate Glycosaminoglycans on Endothelial Cells*

The S100 family proteins MRP-8 (S100A8) and MRP-14 (S100A9) form a heterodimer that is abundantly expressed in neutrophils, monocytes, and some secretory epithelia. In inflamed tissues, the MRP-8/14 complex is deposited onto the endothelium of venules associated with extravasating leukocytes. To explore the receptor interactions of MRP-8/14, we use a model system in which the purified MRP-8/14 complex binds to the cell surface of an endothelial cell line, HMEC-1. This interaction is mediated by the MRP-14 subunit and is mirrored by recombinant MRP-14 alone. The cell surface binding of MRP-14 was blocked by heparin, heparan sulfate, and chondroitin sulfate B, and the binding sites were sensitive to heparinase I and trypsin treatment but not to chondroitinase ABC. Furthermore MRP-8/14 and MRP-14 did not bind to a glycosaminoglycan-minus cell line. MRP-14 has a high affinity for heparin (K d = 6.1 ± 3.4 nm), and this interaction mimicked that with the endothelial cells. We therefore conclude that the MRP-8/14 complex binds to endothelial cells via the MRP-14 subunit interacting chiefly with heparan sulfate proteoglycans. CD36 and RAGE, two other putative receptors for MRP-8/14, were not expressed by HMEC-1 cells. This binding activity may explain the immobilization of the MRP-8/14 complex on endothelium that is observedin vivo.