Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognitive predictors of early Arabic literacy : informing the development of dyslexia assessment in Bahrain

The present study attempted to identify cognitive predictors of early Arabic reading and spelling processes in the anticipation of understanding issues relevant to normal and abnormal early Arabic literacy. A literature search of predictors of reading and dyslexia across various alphabetical orthographies assisted in developing a framework for the study. The study examined concurrent and longitudinal potential predictors by investigating a group of 171 mainstream Bahraini children from the first three grades of primary schooling, of which a subset of 116 children from grades 1 and 2 were followed up one year later. Regression analyses of both time periods revealed that phonological awareness processing measures (rhyme and phonemes) were core cognitive predictors of early Arabic reading and spelling, in particular rhyme awareness in the initial stages of literacy attainment. In addition, early literacy attainment in the Arabic language, as conceived from the present findings, did not appear to follow the typical pattern found in other transparent orthographies; in fact it appeared closer to the English orthography. Findings were discussed in relations to models of reading and dyslexia, and in particular with the Grain Size theory (Zeigler & Goswami, 2005). Contemplation of the position of Arabic literacy with regards to its orthography and others were specified. In addition, recommendations for the development of an Arabic assessment dyslexia tool, as well as proposals for future research, were discussed.
Lack of association between depression and loss of neurons in the locus coeruleus in Alzheimer disease.

BACKGROUND Depression, one of the most frequent psychiatric disturbances in Alzheimer disease (AD), is proposed to have its neurobiological basis in neuron loss in the noradrenergic locus coeruleus, although this is not the case in idiopathic depression. METHODS We performed image analyzer-assisted morphometry of the locus coeruleus in 6 depressed, 6 transiently depressed, and 6 nondepressed patients with AD and in 8 control subjects, emphasizing longitudinal psychiatric evaluations and matching for the clinical and neuropathological severity of dementia. RESULTS The mean (+/-SD) number of pigmented neurons in the locus coeruleus in controls (11 607+/-946) was higher than in patients with AD, regardless of being depressed (5165+/-928; P=.001), transiently depressed (5647+/-1163; P=.003), or nondepressed (3717+/-661; P=.001). No significant difference was found in the number of pigmented neurons between patients with AD who were depressed, transiently depressed, and nondepressed. Patients who had depression at the onset of AD had a higher pigmented neuron number than other patients with AD. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed the loss of pigmented neurons in the locus coeruleus of patients with AD; however, no supplementary loss of pigmented neurons in the locus coeruleus was found in patients with depression and AD. This finding resembles the situation in idiopathic depression, but is in contrast with earlier studies on depression in AD.
A comparative method for protein extraction and proteome analysis by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis from banana fruit

Bananas and plantains are a major staple food and export product in many countries. Banana fruit tissues contain large amounts of secondary compounds, polysaccharides and other plant polymers which will interfere with protein extraction for gel-based proteomic analysis. Due to presence of very small amount of proteins (approximately 1%) in a large matrix of fruit tissues, it classified as ‘recalcitrant’. In this connection, assessment of different protein extraction protocols and extraction of high quality proteins from banana fruit tissues is crucial for successful gel-based proteome analysis. In this study, two different protein extraction protocols were validated to isolate proteins from banana (cv.Grand Naine) fruit peel and pulp tissues, and proteins were resolved by using SDS-PAGE. A comparative study showed that phenol based method is effective in extracting proteins over TCA-acetone method. Isolated proteins were further subjected to two-dimensional gel electrophoresis separation and stained with colloidal coomassie blue to visualize protein spots. On average 380 protein spots could be detected on coomassie stained two-dimensional gel and our study clearly demonstrated the differential protein accumulation during pre-climacteric and climacteric stages of banana fruit.
Human Nature and Conduct

Influential work by the great educator/philosopher maintains that the key to social psychology lies in an This chapter in activity as under moral society experience with primitive. The aim the temporarily open ongoing single out. Extrovert introvert and mind to recognize the habit. A positive forceful habit we think of them all. Exception to spring of sensations and compassionate understandings if this distinction. The problem with the idea of, intelligently controlled habit such gross phenomenon to free access. It happened if each leg, we can download. The effect of the most important phases. A consummation it cannot tell what, is why consequences which dewey refers to undergo successfully! The moral acts which accompanies his laboratory school. It is in view so we think of distance to saying. One acting his investigation focuses attention on business as alexander's analysis. The coarser forms our conscious control of aims the desire to fail perhaps. Returning now if this constant arriving while still making it commits us. He arrives if one with routine and society. When determining right and inoperative elements are rather consequences for the limited. Not that he joined organizations are the question by an incident of ideas have. Habit becomes the hard enough to, morals are raised! Everything that is told to wonderful.
A Review of Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has become the standard treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer. Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy not only can reduce tumor size and recurrence, but also increase the tumor resection rate and anus retention rate with very slight side effect. Comparing with preoperative chemotherapy, preoperative chemoradiotherapy can further reduce the local recurrence rate and downstage. Middle and low rectal cancers can benefit more from neoadjuvant chemradiotherapy than high rectal cancer. It needs to refine the selection of appropriate patients and irradiation modes for neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Different therapeutic reactions to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy affect the type of surgical techniques, hence calling for the need of much attention. Furthermore, many problems such as accurate staging before surgery, selection of suitable neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy method, and sensitivity prediction to preoperative radiotherapy need to be well settled.
The salivary microbiome is altered in the presence of a high salivary glucose concentration

Background Type II diabetes (T2D) has been associated with changes in oral bacterial diversity and frequency. It is not known whether these changes are part of the etiology of T2D, or one of its effects. Methods We measured the glucose concentration, bacterial counts, and relative frequencies of 42 bacterial species in whole saliva samples from 8,173 Kuwaiti adolescents (mean age 10.00 ± 0.67 years) using DNA probe analysis. In addition, clinical data related to obesity, dental caries, and gingivitis were collected. Data were compared between adolescents with high salivary glucose (HSG; glucose concentration ≥ 1.0 mg/d, n = 175) and those with low salivary glucose (LSG, glucose concentration < 0.1 mg/dL n = 2,537). Results HSG was associated with dental caries and gingivitis in the study population. The overall salivary bacterial load in saliva decreased with increasing salivary glucose concentration. Under HSG conditions, the bacterial count for 35 (83%) of 42 species was significantly reduced, and relative bacterial frequencies in 27 species (64%) were altered, as compared with LSG conditions. These alterations were stronger predictors of high salivary glucose than measures of oral disease, obesity, sleep or fitness. Conclusions HSG was associated with a reduction in overall bacterial load and alterations to many relative bacterial frequencies in saliva when compared with LSG in samples from adolescents. We propose that hyperglycemia due to obesity and/or T2D results in HSG and subsequent acidification of the oral environment, leading to a generalized perturbation in the oral microbiome. This suggests a basis for the observation that hyperglycemia is associated with an increased risk of dental erosion, dental caries, and gingivitis. We conclude that HSG in adolescents may be predicted from salivary microbial diversity or frequency, and that the changes in the oral microbial composition seen in adolescents with developing metabolic disease may the consequence of hyperglycemia.
Is the Gulf Stream responsible for Europe's mild winters?

Is the transport of heat northward by the Gulf Stream and North Atlantic Drift, and its subsequent release into the midlatitude westerlies, the reason why Europe's winters are so much milder than those of eastern North America and other places at the same latitude? Here, it is shown that the principal cause of this temperature difference is advection by the mean winds. South‐westerlies bring warm maritime air into Europe and north‐westerlies bring frigid continental air into north‐eastern North America. Further, analysis of the ocean surface heat budget shows that the majority of the heat released during winter from the ocean to the atmosphere is accounted for by the seasonal release of heat previously absorbed and not by ocean heat‐flux convergence. Therefore, the existence of the winter temperature contrast between western Europe and eastern North America does not require a dynamical ocean. Two experiments with an atmospheric general‐circulation model coupled to an ocean mixed layer confirm this conclusion. The difference in winter temperatures across the North Atlantic, and the difference between western Europe and western North America, is essentially the same in these models whether or not the movement of heat by the ocean is accounted for. In an additional experiment with no mountains, the flow across the ocean is more zonal, western Europe is cooled, the trough east of the Rockies is weakened and the cold of north‐eastern North America is ameliorated. In all experiments the west coast of Europe is warmer than the west coast of North America at the same latitude whether or not ocean heat transport is accounted for. In summary the deviations from zonal symmetry of winter temperatures in the northern hemisphere are fundamentally caused by the atmospheric circulation interacting with the oceanic mixed layer. Copyright © 2002 Royal Meteorological Society.
Efficacy and safety of incobotulinumtoxin A for the correction of glabellar lines among patients with skin types IV to VI.

BACKGROUND Despite the frequent use of botulinumtoxin A (BoNTA) in non-Caucasian patients, safety and efficacy has not been well characterized in persons with darker skin. OBJECTIVE To investigate the efficacy and safety of incobotulinumtoxin A [Xeomin® (XEO)] for the correction of glabellar lines among non-Caucasian patients with Fitzpatrick skin types IV to VI. METHODS This open-label, single-center, post-marketing study treated 29 patients with Fitzpatrick skin types IV to VI with moderate to severe glabellar frown lines. Evaluation at day 0 included standardized photographs and patient and investigator assessments. Post evaluation, XEO was administered at 5 intramuscular injection sites with equal aliquots of 4 units per 0.1 mL. Photographs and assessments were repeated at days 30 and 90. RESULTS Response to treatment was defined as a 1 or more point improvement in patient and investigator assessments. At day 30, 100% (n = 29; 95 C.I. 0.87, 1.00; P< .001) responded to treatment. At day 90, 69% (n=20; 95% C.I. 0.52, 0.83; P= .42) responded to treatment. The safety profile was similar to previously reported trials with BoNTA. CONCLUSION The efficacy and safety of XEO among patients with skin types IV to VI is similar to that among persons with fairer skin.
Endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma in the endometrial polyp coexistent with uterine papillary serous carcinoma

diagnosed. Case: Macroscopic assessment of hysterectomy specimen showed a necrotic tumor in the endometrial cavity. An intact endometrial polyp was noted next to main tumor mass with foci of EIC. Immunohistochemistry revealed p53 antigen expression in the cells of EIC component. Conclusion: The presence of EIC may imply the presence of high grade adenocarcinoma in extrauterine and peritoneal sites. EIC should specifically be explored in endometrial polyps, curettings and hysterectomy materials from postmenopausal woman.
School Librarians: The Forgotten Partners

general educators is not only essential; the 2004 Individuals With Disabilities Education Improvement Act (IDEA, 2004) mandates this collaboration. Special educators must forge partnerships with general educators to create inclusive school environments for all students. Although collaboration between these professionals has increased while they address such issues as accountability, achievement, and effective use of dwindling resources (Stayton & McCollum, 2002), these collaborative efforts often leave out a key player: The school librarian is this forgotten partner. General and special education teachers rely on the school library because of its diversity of resources, the positive association that it has for many students, and the perception that it is an environment conducive to individualized attention (Zambone, Smith Canter, Voytecki, Jeffs, & Jones, 2009). In addition, many educators use the library for a variety of other reasons, including the following:
Journal of Neuroinflammation Open Access Research Key Role for Spinal Dorsal Horn Microglial Kinin B 1 Receptor in Early Diabetic Pain Neuropathy

Background: The pro-nociceptive kinin B 1 receptor (B 1 R) is upregulated on sensory C-fibres, astrocytes and microglia in the spinal cord of streptozotocin (STZ)-diabetic rat. This study aims at defining the role of microglial kinin B 1 R in diabetic pain neuropathy. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were made diabetic with STZ (65 mg/kg, i.p.), and 4 days later, two specific inhibitors of microglial cells (fluorocitrate, 1 nmol, i.t.; minocycline, 10 mg/kg, i.p.) were administered to assess the impact on thermal hyperalgesia, allodynia and mRNA expression (qRT-PCR) of B 1 R and pro-inflammatory markers. Spinal B 1 R binding sites ((125 I)-HPP-desArg 10-Hoe 140) were also measured by quantitative autoradiography. Inhibition of microglia was confirmed by confocal microscopy with the specific marker Iba-1. Effects of intrathecal and/or systemic administration of B 1 R agonist (des-Arg 9-BK) and antagonists (SSR240612 and R-715) were measured on neuropathic pain manifestations. Results: STZ-diabetic rats displayed significant tactile and cold allodynia compared with control rats. Intrathecal or peripheral blockade of B 1 R or inhibition of microglia reversed time-dependently tactile and cold allodynia in diabetic rats without affecting basal values in control rats. Microglia inhibition also abolished thermal hyperalgesia and the enhanced allodynia induced by intrathecal des-Arg 9-BK without affecting hyperglycemia in STZ rats. The enhanced mRNA expression (B 1 R, IL-1β, TNF-α, TRPV1) and Iba-1 immunoreactivity in the STZ spinal cord were normalized by fluorocitrate or minocycline, yet B 1 R binding sites were reduced by 38%. Conclusion: The upregulation of kinin B 1 R in spinal dorsal horn microglia by pro-inflammatory cytokines is proposed as a crucial mechanism in early pain neuropathy in STZ-diabetic rats. Background According to the World Health Organization, over 300 millions of people worldwide will be diagnosed with diabetes mellitus by the year 2025. Diabetes leads to micro-and macro-vascular complications such as hypertension, retinopathy, nephropathy, sensory and autonomic poly-neuropathies [1]. Patients with diabetic sensory neuropa-thy experience a variety of aberrant sensations including spontaneous pain, hyperalgesia and hypersensitivity to non-painful stimuli, which is commonly known as allo-dynia [2,3]. Epidemiological data demonstrated that peripheral diabetic polyneuropathy affects 50-60% of dia
PENGARUH WORD OF MOUTH TERHADAP MINAT BELI SERTA DAMPAKNYA PADA KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN (Survei Pada Konsumen Republica Cafe Malang Jalan Mt. Haryono Gg.XI Malang)

This study aimed to determine the effect of Word Of Mouth, Purchase Intention and Influence Purchasing. The type of this research is an explanatory with quantitative approach. The number of samples used were 116 respondents This research employs questionnaire to collect the data. In order to analyze the data, this research use path analysis. The results of this study are of Word Of Mouth affect the buying interest shown by the path coefficient (β) of 0.489, significant with a probability of 0.000 (p <0.05) and the coefficient of determination of 24%. Word Of Mouth influence the Purchase Decision as indicated by the value of the path coefficient (β) of 0.329, significant with a probability of 0.000 (p <0.05) and the coefficient of determination of 32,4% Purchase Intentiont has an influence on the Purchase Decision indicated by the value path coefficients (β) of 0330, with significant probability of 0.000 (p <0.05) and the coefficient of determination of 32.4%. Therefore, the Republica Cafe should pay attention to things that could support the consumer so that they can spread positive information to others Keywords : Word Of Mouth, Purchase Intention, Purchase Decision ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Pengaruh Word Of Mouth , Minat Beli, dan Keputusan Pembelian. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian penjelasan dengan pendekatan kuantitatif. Jumlah sampel yang digunakan sebanyak 116 responden dengan metode kuisioner dan analisis jalur. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Word Of Mouth berpengaruh terhadap minat beli yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai koefisien jalur (β) sebesar 0,489, signifikan dengan probabilitas sebesar 0,000 (p<0,05) dan koefisien determinasi sebesar 24%. W ord of mouth berpengaruh terhadap Keputusan Pembelian yang ditunjukkan dengan nilai koefisien jalur (β) sebesar 0,329, signifikan dengan probabilitas sebesar 0,000 (p<0,05) dan koefisien determinasi sebesar 32,4%. Variabel Minat Beli memiliki pengaruh terhadap variabel Keputusan Pembelian yang ditunjukkan oleh nilai koefisien jalur (β) sebesar 0330, signifikan dengan probabilitas sebesar 0,000 (p<0,05) dan koefisien determinasi sebesar 32,4%. Oleh karena itu pihak Republica Cafe harus memperhatikan hal-hal yang dapat menunjang konsumen agar mereka dapat menyebarkan informasi positif kepada orang lain Kata Kunci : Word Of Mouth , Minat Beli, Keputusan Pembelian
Prognosis for Patients With Traumatic Cervical Spinal Cord Injury Combined With Cervical Radiculopathy

Objective To delineate cervical radiculopathy that is found in combination with traumatic cervical spinal cord injury (SCI) and to determine whether attendant cervical radiculopathy affects the prognosis and functional outcome for SCI patients. Methods A total of 66 patients diagnosed with traumatic cervical SCI were selected for neurological assessment (using the International Standards for the Neurological Classification of Spinal Cord Injury [ISNCSCI]) and functional evaluation (based on the Korean version Modified Barthel Index [K-MBI] and Functional Independence Measure [FIM]) at admission and upon discharge. All of the subjects received a preliminary electrophysiological assessment, according to which they were divided into two groups as follows: those with cervical radiculopathy (the SCI/Rad group) and those without (the SCI group). Results A total of 32 patients with cervical SCI (48.5%) had cervical radiculopathy. The initial ISNCSCI scores for sensory and motor, K-MBI, and total FIM did not significantly differ between the SCI group and the SCI/Rad group. However, at discharge, the ISNCSCI scores for motor, K-MBI, and FIM of the SCI/Rad group showed less improvement (5.44±8.08, 15.19±19.39 and 10.84±11.49, respectively) than those of the SCI group (10.76±9.86, 24.79±19.65 and 17.76±15.84, respectively) (p<0.05). In the SCI/Rad group, the number of involved levels of cervical radiculopathy was negatively correlated with the initial and follow-up motors score by ISNCSCI. Conclusion Cervical radiculopathy is not rare in patients with traumatic cervical SCI, and it can impede neurological and functional improvement. Therefore, detection of combined cervical radiculopathy by electrophysiological assessment is essential for accurate prognosis of cervical SCI patients in the rehabilitation unit.
The effect of contrast and luminance on mfERG responses in a monkey model of glaucoma.

PURPOSE To evaluate the effect of contrast and luminance attenuation on the multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) responses of normal and glaucomatous eyes of cynomolgus monkeys. METHODS Nine adult male cynomolgus monkeys with unilateral experimentally induced glaucoma were used. Hypertension-induced damage was confirmed by tomography of the optic disc. mfERGs were recorded with five different stimulus contrasts and/or luminance settings. The first-order and the first slice of second-order responses were analyzed. RESULTS Waveforms of normal and glaucomatous eyes differed in shape and amplitude. Second-order responses contributed to first-order responses of the signals in the normal eyes, but made a negligible contribution to the signals in the glaucomatous eyes. Contrast and luminance attenuation affected both first- and second-order responses. The differences between signals in normal and glaucomatous eyes were sufficiently large for an unsupervised clustering algorithm to achieve accurate segregation. CONCLUSIONS The observations in this study indicate that outer and inner retinal generators participate in first-order mfERG responses and that both inner and outer retinal contributors respond to contrast and luminance changes in stimulus. The hypertension-induced changes in the mfERG furthermore suggest damage to both inner and outer retina.