Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Proprioceptive feedback determines visuomotor gain in Drosophila

Multisensory integration is a prerequisite for effective locomotor control in most animals. Especially the impressive aerial performance of insects relies on rapid and precise integration of multiple sensory modalities that provide feedback on different time scales. In flies, continuous visual signalling from the compound eyes is fused with phasic proprioceptive feedback to ensure precise neural activation of wing steering muscles within narrow temporal phase bands of the stroke cycle. This phase-locked activation relies on mechanoreceptors distributed over wings and gyroscopic halteres. Here we investigate visual steering performance of tethered flying fruit flies with reduced haltere and wing feedback signalling. Using a flight simulator, we evaluated visual object fixation behaviour, optomotor altitude control, and saccadic escape reflexes. The behavioural assays show an antagonistic effect of wing and haltere signalling on visuomotor gain during flight. Compared to controls, suppression of haltere feedback attenuates while suppression of wing feedback enhances the animal’s wing steering range. Our results suggest that the generation of motor commands owing to visual perception is dynamically controlled by proprioception. We outline a potential physiological mechanism based on the biomechanical properties of wing steering muscles and sensory integration processes at the level of motoneurons. Collectively, the findings contribute to our general understanding how moving animals integrate sensory information with dynamically changing temporal structure. Abbreviations C-flies control flies FWHM full width at half maximum HI-flies haltere-immobilized flies HSM haltere steering muscles PRWV proximal radial wing vein WBA wingbeat amplitude Δ WBA difference between left and right wingbeat amplitude Σ WBA sum of left and right wingbeat amplitude WBF wingbeat frequency WN-flies wing nerve treated flies WSM wing steering muscles
Total laparoscopic hysterectomy for benign uterine pathologies: obesity does not increase the risk of complications.

BACKGROUND This study was designed to investigate the intra-operative characteristics and the risk of intra- and post-operative complications in cases of total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) in overweight, obese and non-obese patients. METHODS This cohort study includes all patients undergoing TLH for benign pathologies between January 1993 and June 2007 in Cochin university hospital (Paris). Demographic and surgical data were analysed. A comparison between overweight and obese patients versus non-obese patients and multivariate analyses were performed. RESULTS Of 1460 patients undergoing TLH, 101 patients (6.9%) had a BMI of 30 or higher and 338 (23.2%) were overweight. After adjustment with respect to the patients' characteristics and past history (age, parity, past history of laparotomies, previous Cesarean section, menopausal status), no significant difference was found whether in terms of intra-operative (haemorrhage, transfusion, thrombosis, ureter, bladder or bowel injuries) or post-operative complications (hyperthermia, infections, fistula). Concerning the intra- and post-operative characteristics of these patients, only a significantly longer operating time was noted in the case of obesity (RR = 1.80; CI 95%: 1.16-2.81). CONCLUSIONS In our experience, provided that the operating technique is meticulous, the intra- and post-operative complications are not increased in the case of obesity, although the operating time is longer.
Go home and kick the dog

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the spillover effects of coworker incivility on customer-directed counterproductive work behavior (CWB) and how emotional exhaustion mediates the relationship between them. The authors predicted that job calling and perceived organizational support (POS) would moderate the relationship between experienced coworker incivility and service employees’ emotional exhaustion, respectively. Design/methodology/approach Survey data from 252 frontline employees working at six full-service luxury hotels in South Korea were examined. Findings The results indicated that experienced coworker incivility was positively related to customer-directed CWB. In addition, the relationship between experienced coworker incivility and customer-directed CWB was mediated by emotional exhaustion. Finally, employees’ job calling attenuated the positive effects of experienced coworker incivility on customer-directed CWB. The theoretical and practical implications of this study are discussed, together with its limitations and future research directions. Originality/value The main contribution of the study is to provide an empirical framework for how instances of coworker incivility spillover, which lead to the target employee’s customer-directed CWB through emotional exhaustion, and how personal (e.g. job calling) may buffer against negative effects.
Blind phase recovery in QAM communication systems using higher order statistics

We present a method for phase recovery in QAM communication systems based on higher order statistics. Under the assumption that the QAM signals have independent, identically distributed (i.i.d.) in-phase and quadrature components, we derive the relation between the phase error and the fourth-order cumulant of the output. Numerical performance of the approach is demonstrated by computer simulation.
Design and Implementation of the Dual-Axis Solar Tracking System

The capability of photovoltaic (PV) panel to generate energy approximately follows the intensity of the sunlight on the panel. A dual-axis solar programmable logical controller (PLC) based automatic tracking system and its supervisory and control system was designed and implemented in this paper. The proposed automatic tracking system controls elevation and orientation angles of solar panels such that the panels always maintain perpendicular to the sunlight. The measured variables of our automatic solar tracking system were compared with those of a fixed-angle PV system. The results indicated that the automatic solar tracking system is low-cost, reliable and efficient. As a result of the experiment, the electricity generated by the proposed tracking system has an overall increase of about 8%~25% more than the fix-angle PV system.
Physical-Layer Security for Spectrum Sharing Systems

In this paper, we examine the physical-layer security for a spectrum sharing system consisting of multiple source-destination pairs, which dynamically access their shared spectrum for data transmissions in the presence of an eavesdropper. We propose a source cooperation (SC) aided opportunistic jamming framework for protecting the transmission confidentiality of the spectrum sharing system against eavesdropping. Specifically, when a source node is allowed to access the shared spectrum for data transmissions, another source is opportunistically selected in the spectrum sharing system to transmit an artificial noise for disrupting the eavesdropper without affecting the legitimate transmissions. We present two specific SC aided opportunistic jamming schemes, namely the SC aided random jammer selection (RJS) and optimal jammer selection (OJS), which are referred to as the SC-RJS and SC-OJS, respectively. We also consider the conventional non-cooperation as a baseline. We derive closed-form intercept probability expressions for the non-cooperation, SC-RJS and SC-OJS schemes, based on which their secrecy diversity gains are determined through an asymptotic intercept probability analysis in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region. It is proved that the conventional non-cooperation exhibits a secrecy diversity of zero, whereas the proposed SC-RJS and SC-OJS achieve a higher secrecy diversity of one. This also surprisingly means that no additional secrecy diversity gain is achieved by the optimal jammer selection compared to the random selection strategy. In addition, numerical results show that the intercept probability performance of the SC-OJS is always better than that of the SC-RJS and non-cooperation, even when the legitimate channel is worse than the eavesdropping channel.
The local converse theorem for SO(2n+1) and applications

In this paper we characterize irreducible generic representations of SO 2n+1 (k) (where k is a p-adic field) by means of twisted local gamma factors (the Local Converse Theorem). As applications, we prove that two irreducible generic cuspidal automorphic representations of SO 2n+1 (A) (where A is the ring of adeles of a number field) are equivalent if their local components are equivalent at almost all local places (the Rigidity Theorem); and prove the Local Langlands Reciprocity Conjecture for generic supercuspidal representations of SO 2n+1 (k).
Effect of Occupational Stress on the Work Ability of Iranian Firefighters

Background: Occupational stress is one of the factors affecting social life and is known as a serious threat to the workforce health in the world. Firefighters are subject to frequent occupational stress due to their working conditions and tasks. Objectives: The current study aimed at investigating the effect of occupational stress dimensions on the work ability index of firefighters in a petrochemical company in Iran. Methods: A total of 130 shift-working and day-working firefighters were selected from a petrochemical company using the census method. Occupational stress was evaluated using the health and safety executive (HSE) indicator tool, and the work ability index (WAI) was used to assess the work ability among firefighters. Pearson chi-square test was used to examine the correlation between the various dimensions of occupational stress and the WAI. Results: The mean of occupational stress in the shift-working group was significantly higher than that of the day-working group (P = 0.029). The results of the Pearson correlation test showed a significant relationship between the mean score of occupational stress and that of the WAI (P = 0.01). Among the stressors, the perceived role and managerial support (R = +0.51), and colleagues support (R = +0.50) had the highest correlation with the work ability of firefighters. Conclusions: The obtained results showed that occupational stress can affect the work ability of firefighters. Hence, to improve working conditions, identification of various dimensions of occupational stress, especially among shift workers, and implementation of constructive and managerial interventions should be prioritized.
11 Control of S Phase

Sustained cell proliferation requires the duplication and segregation between daughter cells of every cell constituent. Because chromosomes are present in only one or two copies per cell, their duplication and segregation are particularly tightly regulated. To ensure that daughter cells inherit at least one copy of each of their genes and to maintain an appropriate balance in their relative numbers, the vast majority of eukaryotic cells replicate each sequence in their genomes once and only once per cell cycle. To ensure that daughter cells inherit sufficient but not excessive cytoplasm for the execution of their genetic programs, i.e., for protein synthesis, the duplication and segregation of chromosomes must occur no more or less frequently than cells duplicate the rest of their constituents. Finally, to ensure that cells maintain their ploidy, which is essential if they are to contribute to the germ line, reduplication must not recur until sister chromatids have been segregated at anaphase. STARTING DNA REPLICATION IN G 1 Coordinating DNA Replication and Cell Growth Pulse labeling with radioactive tracers showed that DNA replication occupies a defined window within the interdivision period, which is separated from the previous and preceding M phases by two gap periods, called G 1 and G 2 , respectively (Howard and Pelc 1951). Chromosome duplication and segregation are therefore periodic processes. Unlike chromosomes, most cellular constituents like ribosomes and enzymes are present in large numbers and are synthesized fairly continuously during the cell cycle (Mitchison 1970). During sustained cell proliferation, successive rounds of DNA replication and chromosome segregation.
Modelling and Managing Deployment Costs of Microservice-Based Cloud Applications

We present an approach to model the deployment costs, including compute and IO costs, of Microservice-based applications deployed to a public cloud. Our model, which we dubbed CostHat, supports both, Microservices deployed on traditional IaaS or PaaS clouds, and services that make use of novel cloud programming paradigms, such as AWS Lambda. CostHat is based on a network model, and allows for what-if and cost sensitivity analysis. Further, we have used this model to implement tooling that warns cloud developers directly in the Integrated Development Environment (IDE) about certain classes of potentially costly code changes. We illustrate our work based on a case study, and evaluate the CostHat model using a standalone Python implementation. We show that, once instantiated, cost calculation in CostHat is computationally inexpensive on standard hardware (below 1 ms even for applications consisting of thousand services and endpoints). This enables its use in real-time for developer tooling which continually re-evaluates the costs of an application in the background, while the developer is working on the code.
Cytoplasmic Location of α1A Voltage-Gated Calcium Channel C-Terminal Fragment (Cav2.1-CTF) Aggregate Is Sufficient to Cause Cell Death

The human α1A voltage-dependent calcium channel (Cav2.1) is a pore-forming essential subunit embedded in the plasma membrane. Its cytoplasmic carboxyl(C)-tail contains a small poly-glutamine (Q) tract, whose length is normally 4∼19 Q, but when expanded up to 20∼33Q, the tract causes an autosomal-dominant neurodegenerative disorder, spinocerebellar ataxia type 6 (SCA6). A recent study has shown that a 75-kDa C-terminal fragment (CTF) containing the polyQ tract remains soluble in normal brains, but becomes insoluble mainly in the cytoplasm with additional localization to the nuclei of human SCA6 Purkinje cells. However, the mechanism by which the CTF aggregation leads to neurodegeneration is completely elusive, particularly whether the CTF exerts more toxicity in the nucleus or in the cytoplasm. We tagged recombinant (r)CTF with either nuclear-localization or nuclear-export signal, created doxycyclin-inducible rat pheochromocytoma (PC12) cell lines, and found that the CTF is more toxic in the cytoplasm than in the nucleus, the observations being more obvious with Q28 (disease range) than with Q13 (normal-length). Surprisingly, the CTF aggregates co-localized both with cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) and phosphorylated-CREB (p-CREB) in the cytoplasm, and Western blot analysis showed that the quantity of CREB and p-CREB were both decreased in the nucleus when the rCTF formed aggregates in the cytoplasm. In human brains, polyQ aggregates also co-localized with CREB in the cytoplasm of SCA6 Purkinje cells, but not in other conditions. Collectively, the cytoplasmic Cav2.1-CTF aggregates are sufficient to cause cell death, and one of the pathogenic mechanisms may be abnormal CREB trafficking in the cytoplasm and reduced CREB and p-CREB levels in the nuclei.
When Math Hurts: Math Anxiety Predicts Pain Network Activation in Anticipation of Doing Math

Math can be difficult, and for those with high levels of mathematics-anxiety (HMAs), math is associated with tension, apprehension, and fear. But what underlies the feelings of dread effected by math anxiety? Are HMAs’ feelings about math merely psychological epiphenomena, or is their anxiety grounded in simulation of a concrete, visceral sensation – such as pain – about which they have every right to feel anxious? We show that, when anticipating an upcoming math-task, the higher one’s math anxiety, the more one increases activity in regions associated with visceral threat detection, and often the experience of pain itself (bilateral dorso-posterior insula). Interestingly, this relation was not seen during math performance, suggesting that it is not that math itself hurts; rather, the anticipation of math is painful. Our data suggest that pain network activation underlies the intuition that simply anticipating a dreaded event can feel painful. These results may also provide a potential neural mechanism to explain why HMAs tend to avoid math and math-related situations, which in turn can bias HMAs away from taking math classes or even entire math-related career paths.
Correlates of Immune Protection in Chickens Vaccinated with Mycoplasma gallisepticum Strain GT5 following Challenge with Pathogenic M. gallisepticum Strain Rlow

ABSTRACT Colonization of the avian respiratory tract with Mycoplasma gallisepticum results in a profound inflammatory response in the trachea, air sacs, conjunctiva, and lungs. A live attenuated M. gallisepticum vaccine strain, GT5, was previously shown to be protective in chickens upon challenge; however, the mechanisms by which this vaccine and others confer protection remain largely unknown. The current study evaluated several potential correlates of GT5 vaccine-mediated immune protection following challenge with the pathogenic M. gallisepticum strain Rlow. GT5-vaccinated chickens developed mild tracheal lesions, consisting of few and scattered, discrete, lymphofollicular aggregates in the lamina propria. In addition, low numbers of aggregated B, CD4+, and CD8+ cells were observed to infiltrate the trachea, in stark contrast to the large numbers infiltrating the tracheas of sham-vaccinated chickens challenged with Rlow. Lymphofollicular aggregates were rarely observed prior to day 12 postchallenge in sham-vaccinated chickens. Instead, they contained an increasingly more cellular inflammatory response characterized by expansion of the lamina propria by lymphoplasmacytic and histiocytic infiltrates. This was due in part to expansion of interfollicular zones by large numbers of infiltrating CD4+ and CD8+ cells and a sizeable population of immunoglobulin A (IgA)- and IgG-secreting plasma cells. GT5-vaccinated chickens also had higher serum IgG concentrations, and significantly higher numbers of M. gallisepticum-specific IgG- and IgA-secreting plasma/B cells within the trachea, than did sham-vaccinated chickens. These responses were observed as early as day 4 postchallenge, indicating the importance of antibody-mediated clearance of mycoplasma in GT5-vaccinated chickens.
Epidemiology and Treatment Guidelines of Negative Symptoms in Schizo-phrenia in Central and Eastern Europe: A Literature Review

Aim : To gather and review data describing the epidemiology of schizophrenia and clinical guidelines for schizophrenia therapy in seven Central and Eastern European countries, with a focus on negative symptoms. Methods : A literature search was conducted which included publications from 1995 to 2012 that were indexed in key databases. Results : Reports of mean annual incidence of schizophrenia varied greatly, from 0.04 to 0.58 per 1,000 population. Lifetime prevalence varied from 0.4% to 1.4%. One study reported that at least one negative symptom was present in 57.6% of patients with schizophrenia and in 50–90% of individuals experiencing their first episode of schizophrenia. Primary negative symptoms were observed in 10–30% of patients. Mortality in patients with schizophrenia was greater than in the general population, with a standardized mortality ratio of 2.58–4.30. Reasons for higher risk of mortality in the schizophrenia population included increased suicide risk, effect of schizophrenia on lifestyle and environment, and presence of comorbidities. Clinical guidelines overall supported the use of second-generation antipsychotics in managing negative symptoms of schizophrenia, although improved therapeutic approaches are needed. Conclusion : Schizophrenia is one of the most common mental illnesses and poses a considerable burden on patients and healthcare resources alike. Negative symptoms are present in many patients and there is an unmet need to improve treatment offerings for negative symptoms beyond the use of second-generation antipsychotics and overall patient outcomes.
Exploring Implicit Hierarchical Structures for Recommender Systems

Items in real-world recommender systems exhibit certain hierarchical structures. Similarly, user preferences also present hierarchical structures. Recent studies show that incorporating the explicit hierarchical structures of items or user preferences can improve the performance of recommender systems. However, explicit hierarchical structures are usually unavailable, especially those of user preferences. Thus, there's a gap between the importance of hierarchical structures and their availability. In this paper, we investigate the problem of exploring the implicit hierarchical structures for recommender systems when they are not explicitly available. We propose a novel recommendation framework HSR to bridge the gap, which enables us to capture the implicit hierarchical structures of users and items simultaneously. Experimental results on two real world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.
Interpretive Summary: Estrous Synchronization in Seasonal Calving Dairy 10 Evaluation of Protocols to Synchronize Estrus and Ovulation in Seasonal Calving 23 Pasture-based Dairy Production Systems 24 25

38 Lactating dairy cows (n=1,538) were enrolled in a randomized complete block 39 design study to evaluate protocols to synchronize estrus and ovulation. Within each 40 herd (n=8), cows were divided into three calving groups: EARLY, MID and LATE 41 based on days in milk (DIM) at mating start date (MSD). EARLY calving cows 42 (n=1,244) were  42 DIM at MSD, MID calving cows (n=179) were 21 to 41 DIM at 43 MSD, and LATE calving cows (n=115) were 0 to 20 DIM at MSD. Cows in the 44 EARLY, MID and LATE calving groups were synchronized to facilitate estrus or 45 timed AI (TAI) at MSD (Planned Breeding 1; PB1), 21 d (PB2) and 42 d (PB3) after 46 MSD, respectively. For each PB, cows in the relevant calving group were stratified by 47 parity and calving date and randomly assigned to one of four experimental groups: 1) 48 d -10 GnRH (10 μg i.m. Buserelin) and CIDR (Controlled Internal Drug Release) 49 insert (1.38 g P4); d -3 PGF2α (25 mg i.m. dinoprost); d -2 CIDR out and AI at 50 observed estrus (CIDR_OBS); 2) same as CIDR_OBS, but GnRH 36 h after CIDR 51 out and TAI 18 h later (CIDR_TAI); 3) same as CIDR_TAI, but no CIDR 52 (OVSYNCH) or 4) untreated Controls (CONTROL). CIDR_OBS, CIDR_TAI and 53 OVSYNCH had shorter mean intervals from calving to first service compared with 54 CONTROL (69.2 d, 63.4 d, 63.7 d vs. 73.7 d, respectively). Both CIDR_OBS 55 (predicted probability; PP of pregnancy = 0.59) and CIDR_TAI (PP of pregnancy = 56 0.54) had increased odds of conceiving to first service compared with OVSYNCH (PP 57