Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SOLinker: Constructing Semantic Links between Tags and URLs on StackOverflow

Thanks to the strength of crowdsourcing, there is a lot of useful information on StackOverflow, the most popular Question and Answer (Q&A) platform in software engineering area. This information can be treated as numerous URLs (Uniform Resource Locators), which can be categorized into URLs of Q&As and URLs in Q&As. The domain of former ones is StackOverflow itself, while domains of latter ones are miscellaneous, such as some personal blogs and so on. Although each Q&A has been manually assigned tags, relations between URLs and tags are not clear enough. In this paper, we propose SOLinker, a method to build semantic links between various URLs and tags. Firstly, SOLinker identifies proper relations from a predefined relation set between tags and URLs, which is modeled as a text classification problem. Features are extracted from content of Q&A, the URL and the tag list, and classification algorithms are Logistic Regression and Gradient Boosting Decision Tree, depending on the category of URLs. Secondly, there exists a partial tagging problem, which means for a URL in a Q&A, there are only a part of tags of the Q&A relating to the URL. To address this problem, we propose a semantic analysis method to analyze context of this URL and the URL itself from both implicit and explicit aspects. Then SOLinker will infer proper tags by the label propagation technique. Results show that our method is feasible and practical in constructing semantic links between tags and URLs of/in Q&As. In particular, the F-Score of semantic relation identification is around 78%, 5% higher than the other existing method, and F-Score of partial tagging solving is around 88%.
Combined Treatment with Low Concentrations of Decitabine and SAHA Causes Cell Death in Leukemic Cell Lines but Not in Normal Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

Epigenetic therapy reverting aberrant acetylation or methylation offers the possibility to target preferentially tumor cells and to preserve normal cells. Combination epigenetic therapy may further improve the effect of individual drugs. We investigated combined action of demethylating agent decitabine and histone deacetylase inhibitor SAHA (Vorinostat) on different leukemic cell lines in comparison with peripheral blood lymphocytes. Large decrease of viability, as well as huge p21WAF1 induction, reactive oxygen species formation, and apoptotic features due to combined decitabine and SAHA action were detected in leukemic cell lines irrespective of their p53 status, while essentially no effect was observed in response to the combined drug action in normal peripheral blood lymphocytes of healthy donors. p53-dependent apoptotic pathway was demonstrated to participate in the wtp53 CML-T1 leukemic cell line response, while significant influence of reactive oxygen species on viability decrease has been detected in p53-null HL-60 cell line.
Incidence of falls, risk factors for falls, and fall-related fractures in individuals with diabetes and a prior foot ulcer.

OBJECTIVE To describe the incidence of falls, risk factors for falls, and the frequency of fall-related fractures in a cohort of individuals with diabetes and a prior foot ulcer. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 400 individuals with diabetes and a prior foot ulcer were recruited from two western Washington State health care organizations and followed prospectively for 2 years. Diabetes, demographic, and health information was collected at baseline, 1 year, and 2 years. Data on falls were collected at baseline, 4 weeks, and every 17 weeks thereafter. Medical records were abstracted to confirm fall-related morbidity. RESULTS The average age of the study population was 62 years, with 77% male and 23% female. Approximately 32% had fixed foot deformities, 58% had insensate feet, and 76% had comorbid conditions. Of the participants, 252 (64%) reported at least one fall during the 2-year study period. The overall incidence of falls in this cohort was 1.25 falls/person-year (95% CI 1.17-1.33). For the 164 participants (41%) who reported two or more falls, a BMI >/=30 kg/m(2), the presence of one or more comorbid conditions, and insensate feet increased the risk. Two or more falls of any type were associated with a higher fracture risk. Although women were not at significantly greater risk for falls than men, their fracture incidence was 3.6 times higher. CONCLUSIONS Falls are very common in individuals with diabetes and prior foot ulcers. A small percentage of falls resulted in fractures. The risk of a fall-related fracture was significantly higher in women than in men. Increased attention to falls and fall prevention is indicated for diabetes care providers.
The Structure of Women's Employment in Comparative Perspective

In this paper we analyze social survey data from 19 countries using multi-level modeling methods in an effort to synthesize structural and institutional accounts for variation in women's employment. Observed demographic characteristics show much consistency in their relationship to women's employment across countries, yet there is significant variation in the effect of demographic characteristics on women's employment across countries. Disentangling specific policy conditions from overall policy generosity leads us to discover important non-linearities in the effects of parental leave on the employment of women with young children, and that federally supported childcare is positively related to the probability of employment of married women and women with young children.
Risk management for video-on-demand servers leveraging demand forecast

Video-on-demand (VoD) servers are usually over-provisioned for peak demands, incurring a low average resource efficiency. However, bandwidth shortage may still occur for individual videos as they share and contend for server resources. In this position paper, we propose a predictive workload management system for VoD servers targeting bandwidth. The system draws belief about future demand as well as demand volatility based on demand history using time series forecasting techniques. The prediction enables dynamic and efficient server bandwidth reservation with QoS guarantees. More importantly, we use a hedging technique similar to investment portfolio management and distribute workloads to multiple servers exploiting demand anti-correlation. The proposed system consolidates the workloads, enhances resource utilization, while in the meantime effectively controlling risk of server overload. The proposed methods are evaluated based on real-world VoD traces.
Olfactory Aversive Conditioning during Sleep Reduces Cigarette-Smoking Behavior

Recent findings suggest that novel associations can be learned during sleep. However, whether associative learning during sleep can alter later waking behavior and whether such behavioral changes last for minutes, hours, or days remain unknown. We tested the hypothesis that olfactory aversive conditioning during sleep will alter cigarette-smoking behavior during ensuing wakefulness. A total of 66 human subjects wishing to quit smoking participated in the study (23 females; mean age, 28.7 ± 5.2 years). Subjects completed a daily smoking diary detailing the number of cigarettes smoked during 7 d before and following a 1 d or night protocol of conditioning between cigarette odor and profoundly unpleasant odors. We observed significant reductions in the number of cigarettes smoked following olfactory aversive conditioning during stage 2 and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep but not following aversive conditioning during wakefulness (p < 0.05). Moreover, the reduction in smoking following aversive conditioning during stage 2 (34.4 ± 30.1%) was greater and longer lasting compared with the reduction following aversive conditioning during REM (11.9 ± 19.2%, p < 0.05). Finally, the reduction in smoking following aversive conditioning during sleep was significantly greater than in two separate control sleep experiments that tested aversive odors alone and the effects of cigarette odors and aversive odors without pairing. To conclude, a single night of olfactory aversive conditioning during sleep significantly reduced cigarette-smoking behavior in a sleep stage-dependent manner, and this effect persisted for several days.
An Algorithm for Optimal Winner Determination in Combinatorial Auctions

Combinatorial auctions, i.e. auctions where bidders can bid on combinations of items, tend to lead to more efficient allocations than traditional auctions in multi-item auctions where the agents' valuations of the items are not additive. However, determining the winners so as to maximize revenue is NP complete. We present a search algorithm for optimal winner determination. Experiments are shown on several bid distributions. The algorithm allows combinatorial auctions to scale up to significantly larger numbers of items and bids than prior approaches to optimal winner determination by capitalizing on the fact that the space of bids is necessarily sparsely populated in practice. We do this via provably sufficient selective generation of children in the search and by using a method for fast child generation, heuristics that are accurate and optimized for speed, and four methods for preprocessing the search space.
Column Subset Selection with Missing Data

An important problem in massive data collection systems is to identify a representative subset of collection points from a given set of measurements. This problem is well cast in the literature as selecting representative columns from a low-rank data matrix. However, a challenge that arises immediately is that complete data are typically not available or are infeasible to collect in very large systems. This paper addresses the challenge of selecting representative columns from a low-rank matrix with missing data by formulating the problem as the solution to a system of linear equations with a “block-sparsity” constraint. The key distinguishing characteristic of our formulation is that it operates only on the matrix entries that have been observed. Simulation results confirm that our problem formulation together with a block variant of the orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm often outperforms rank-revealing QR factorization, the standard choice for column subset selection, run on a zero-filled data matrix.
Avoiding interactional conflict in dementia: The influence of gender styles in interactions

Sociolinguistic research in the general population has established the existence of gender differences in the social use of language. In particular, it has been noted that women use more markers of politeness, small talk and structural devices (e.g. minimal responses, tag questions) to help maintain their conversations. Analysis of interactions involving people with dementia (PWD) suggests that these gender based differences were still present in the face of dementia. Furthermore, the use of these forms of language helped the women with dementia to avoid conflict and extend the length of their interactions. This study investigated whether the use of such language helped or hindered women with dementia in maintaining conversational satisfaction.
The implications and consequences of maternal obesity on fetal intrauterine growth restriction

Context. The prevalence of maternal obesity has been increasing dramatically in the recent years (body mass index ≥ 30 kg/m2). Maternal obesity is associated with an unequivocal increase in maternal and fetal complications of pregnancy and more than that, these complications also extend beyond fetal life in childhood and adulthood. Objective. The aim of this study was to evaluate maternal and neonatal complications at birth associated with maternal obesity. Materials and methods. The study included all women who gave birth between January 1, 2012 and December 31, 2012 at Bucharest University Emergency Hospital. Collected data included information about maternal health (the degree of obesity, associated complications of birth, anemia, and type of birth) and neonatal status (birth weight, gestational age, associated diseases and Apgar score). Results. A higher incidence of IUGR, as well as an increased frequency of infants who needed intensive care after birth, a higher rate of cesarean surgery and a higher frequency of thromboembolic complications were observed in patients with associated obesity. Conclusions. Complications grow both in number and severity with increasing obesity. Diagnosis of the fetuses with IUGR is important for the monitoring and management of the pregnancy associated with obesity and it involves a close collaboration between obstetrician, family physician and neonatologist. Abbreviations: IUGR- intrauterine growth restriction
Developing a culture of publication: a joint enterprise writing retreat

Purpose – Many students irrespective of level of study produce excellent course work which, if given support and encouragement, could clearly be of a publishable standard. Academic staff are expected to produce quality publications meeting peer-review standards although they may be relatively novice authors. All are engaged in some aspects of academic writing practices but not as frequently involved in co-production of publications emanating from student work. This activity is still at the margins of much of the student experience. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – Mindful of these issues, the authors designed and offered a writing programme including a writing retreat. This brought together undergraduate and postgraduate students from a range of applied disciplines (health and art, design and architecture) and their supervisors with the aim of co-producing publications and participating in a community of scholarly practice. The project was delivered over nine months. I.
Major Sources of Organic Matter in a Complex Coral Reef Lagoon: Identification from Isotopic Signatures (δ13C and δ15N)

A wide investigation was conducted into the main organic matter (OM) sources supporting coral reef trophic networks in the lagoon of New Caledonia. Sampling included different reef locations (fringing, intermediate and barrier reef), different associated ecosystems (mangroves and seagrass beds) and rivers. In total, 30 taxa of macrophytes, plus pools of particulate and sedimentary OM (POM and SOM) were sampled. Isotopic signatures (C and N) of each OM sources was characterized and the composition of OM pools assessed. In addition, spatial and seasonal variations of reef OM sources were examined. Mangroves isotopic signatures were the most C-depleted (-30.17 ± 0.41 ‰) and seagrass signatures were the most C-enriched (-4.36 ± 0.72 ‰). Trichodesmium spp. had the most N-depleted signatures (-0.14 ± 0.03 ‰) whereas mangroves had the most N-enriched signatures (6.47 ± 0.41 ‰). The composition of POM and SOM varied along a coast-to-barrier reef gradient. River POM and marine POM contributed equally to coastal POM, whereas marine POM represented 90% of the POM on barrier reefs, compared to 10% river POM. The relative importance of river POM, marine POM and mangroves to the SOM pool decreased from fringing to barrier reefs. Conversely, the relative importance of seagrass, Trichodesmium spp. and macroalgae increased along this gradient. Overall, spatial fluctuations in POM and SOM were much greater than in primary producers. Seasonal fluctuations were low for all OM sources. Our results demonstrated that a large variety of OM sources sustain coral reefs, varying in their origin, composition and role and suggest that δ13C was a more useful fingerprint than δ15N in this endeavour. This study also suggested substantial OM exchanges and trophic connections between coral reefs and surrounding ecosystems. Finally, the importance of accounting for environmental characteristics at small temporal and spatial scales before drawing general patterns is highlighted.
A walkthrough of Requirement Elicitation Techniques

Collecting the stakeholder requirements starts at the early stages of requirement engineering. It is a continuous and is highly critical process. Eliciting requirements from users remains a major challenge for systems developers. This paper focuses on the different elicitation techniques that are widely used in requirement engineering. Keywords— Requirement Elicitation, Introspection, Interviews, Surveys/questions, Focus group, Joint Application Development.
Potential Link between the Sphingosine-1-Phosphate (S1P) System and Defective Alveolar Macrophage Phagocytic Function in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

Introduction We previously reported that alveolar macrophages from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are defective in their ability to phagocytose apoptotic cells, with a similar defect in response to cigarette smoke. The exact mechanisms for this defect are unknown. Sphingolipids including ceramide, sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) are involved in diverse cellular processes and we hypothesised that a comprehensive analysis of this system in alveolar macrophages in COPD may help to delineate the reasons for defective phagocytic function. Methods We compared mRNA expression of sphingosine kinases (SPHK1/2), S1P receptors (S1PR1-5) and S1P-degrading enzymes (SGPP1, SGPP2, SGPL1) in bronchoalveolar lavage-derived alveolar macrophages from 10 healthy controls, 7 healthy smokers and 20 COPD patients (10 current- and 10 ex-smokers) using Real-Time PCR. Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells was investigated using flow cytometry. Functional associations were assessed between sphingosine signalling system components and alveolar macrophage phagocytic ability in COPD. To elucidate functional effects of increased S1PR5 on macrophage phagocytic ability, we performed the phagocytosis assay in the presence of varying concentrations of suramin, an antagonist of S1PR3 and S1PR5. The effects of cigarette smoking on the S1P system were investigated using a THP-1 macrophage cell line model. Results We found significant increases in SPHK1/2 (3.4- and 2.1-fold increases respectively), S1PR2 and 5 (4.3- and 14.6-fold increases respectively), and SGPL1 (4.5-fold increase) in COPD vs. controls. S1PR5 and SGPL1 expression was unaffected by smoking status, suggesting a COPD “disease effect” rather than smoke effect per se. Significant associations were noted between S1PR5 and both lung function and phagocytosis. Cigarette smoke extract significantly increased mRNA expression of SPHK1, SPHK2, S1PR2 and S1PR5 by THP-1 macrophages, confirming the results in patient-derived macrophages. Antagonising SIPR5 significantly improved phagocytosis. Conclusion Our results suggest a potential link between the S1P signalling system and defective macrophage phagocytic function in COPD and advise therapeutic targets.
CORRELATION OF PRODUCTION OF INFECTIOUS VIRUS WITH SEQUENTIAL STAGES OF CYTOLOGIC ALTERATION IN HELA CELLS INFECTED WITH ADENOVIRUSES TYPES 5 AND 7

Studies correlating the production of infectious adenovirus (types 5 and 7) and the progression of the stages of virus-induced cytologic change in HeLa cells are presented. The results reveal a close relationship between the development of the characteristic nuclear changes and adenovirus synthesis. They suggest that cells manifesting the first stages of nuclear change, characterized by the appearance of eosinophilic, Feulgen-negative inclusions, contain little or no mature infectious virus, whereas cells in the later stages, with Feulgen-positive and basophilic inclusions, contain relatively large amounts.
Linguistic analysis of chat transcripts from child predator undercover sex stings

Abstract We analyzed chat transcripts from 590 undercover Internet sex stings across the US, using the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count software program to examine trends in sexual word usage, total word usage, and clout (a measure conveying social dominance) for convicted child sex offenders and undercover agents. Offenders and agents varied greatly in their scores in these word categories; however, generally, offenders used more words in each: 91% used more sexual words, 66% used more words overall, and 82% exhibited more clout than their respective agents. Linguistic analyses can provide the trier of fact with objective measures of psychometric properties that may help them assess the offender’s predisposition and appropriateness of government conduct. Additionally, our data-set shows the distribution of these language dimensions across a wide sample of offenders, providing a statistical context for linguistic evidence from individual cases. As language-based digital evidence become more prevalent, forensic linguistic analyses may prove invaluable in the courtroom.
INTRINSIC MOTIVATION OF TEENAGER SCHOLARS TOWARD PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES

Physical education is a learning process which uses physical activities to improve skills, fitness and attitude of an individual to achieve an optimum level. The objective of this study was to examine the level of motivation among 16 years old scholars towards physical activities in a physical education class and further explore any gender difference. Four classes of 16 years old schoolboys and schoolgirls were selected for the study. There were 130 students (62 boys; 68 girls). The instrument of Situation Intrinsic Motivation Scale by Blanchard et al (2007) was administered in this research. Descriptive data indicated that the overall measure for the Intrinsic Motivation was M=3.63, SD=0.72; Identified Regulation was M=3.25, SD=0.60; External Regulation was M=2.69, SD=0.76; and Amotivation was M=2.80, SD=0.73. The independent t-test revealed that Intrinsic Motivation and External Regulation was significant based on gender, p< . 05. The results indicate that steps should be undertaken by school physical education teachers to improve the teaching of physical education to improve the student’s situation intrinsic motivation level.
On the optimality of neural-network approximation using incremental algorithms

The problem of approximating functions by neural networks using incremental algorithms is studied. For functions belonging to a rather general class, characterized by certain smoothness properties with respect to the L2 norm, we compute upper bounds on the approximation error where error is measured by the Lq norm, 1< or =q< or =infinity. These results extend previous work, applicable in the case q=2, and provide an explicit algorithm to achieve the derived approximation error rate. In the range q< or =2 near-optimal rates of convergence are demonstrated. A gap remains, however, with respect to a recently established lower bound in the case q>2, although the rates achieved are provably better than those obtained by optimal linear approximation. Extensions of the results from the L2 norm to Lp are also discussed. A further interesting conclusion from our results is that no loss of generality is suffered using networks with positive hidden-to-output weights. Moreover, explicit bounds on the size of the hidden-to-output weights are established, which are sufficient to guarantee the established convergence rates.