Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inclination- and dust-corrected galaxy parameters: bulge-to-disc ratios and size–luminosity relations

While galactic bulges may contain no significant dust of their own, the dust within galaxy discs can strongly attenuate the light from their embedded bulges. Furthermore, such dust inhibits the ability of observationally determined inclination corrections to recover intrinsic (i.e. dust-free) galaxy parameters. Using the sophisticated 3D radiative transfer model of Popescu et al. and Tuffs et al., together with the recent determination of the average face-on opacity by Driver et al. in nearby disc galaxies, we provide simple equations to correct (observed) disc central surface brightness and scalelengths for the effects of both inclination and dust in the B, V, I, J and K passbands. We then collate and homogenize various literature data sets and determine the typical intrinsic scalelengths, central surface brightness and magnitudes of galaxy discs as a function of morphological type. All galaxies have been carefully modelled in their respective papers with a Sersic R l/n bulge plus an exponential disc. Using the bulge magnitude corrections from Driver et al., we additionally derive the average, dust-corrected, bulge-to-disc flux ratio as a function of galaxy type. With values typically less than 1/3, this places somewhat uncomfortable constraints on some current semi-analytic simulations. Typical bulge sizes, profile shapes, surface brightness and deprojected densities are provided. Finally, given the two-component nature of disc galaxies, we present luminosity-size and (surface brightness)-size diagrams for discs and bulges. We also show that the distribution of elliptical galaxies in the luminosity-size diagram is not linear but strongly curved.
Exploratory keyword search on data graphs

A system for keyword search on data graphs is demonstrated on two challenging datasets: the large DBLP and Mondial (which is highly cyclic and has a complex schema). The system supports search, exploration and question answering. The demonstration shows how the system copes with the main challenges in keywords search on data graphs. In particular, the system generates answers efficiently and completely (i.e., it does not miss answers). It has an effective ranking mechanism that also takes into account redundancies among answers. Finally, the system uses a novel technique for displaying multi-node subtrees in a compact graphical form that facilitates quick and easy understanding, which is essential for effective browsing of the answers.
BER performance of coded free-space optical links over strong turbulence channels

Error control coding can be used over free-space optical (FSO) links to mitigate turbulence-induced fading. We derive error performance bounds for coded FSO communication systems operating over atmospheric turbulence channels, which are modeled as a K-distribution under strong turbulence conditions. We derive an upper bound on the pairwise error probability (PEP) in closed form and then apply the transfer function technique, in conjunction with the derived bound for PEP, to obtain upper bounds on the bit error rate. Simulation results are further demonstrated to confirm the analytical results.
Cloning and Characterization of a Potassium-Dependent Sodium/Calcium Exchanger in Drosophila

Sodium/calcium(-potassium) exchangers (NCX and NCKX) are critical for the rapid extrusion of calcium, which follows the stimulation of a variety of excitable cells. To further understand the mechanisms of calcium regulation in signaling, we have cloned a Drosophila sodium/calcium-potassium exchanger, Nckx30C. The overall deduced protein topology for NCKX30C is similar to that of mammalian NCKX, having five membrane-spanning domains in the NH2 terminus separated from six at the COOH-terminal end by a large intracellular loop. We show that NCKX30C functions as a potassium-dependent sodium/calcium exchanger, and is not only expressed in adult neurons as was expected, but is also expressed during ventral nerve cord development in the embryo and in larval imaginal discs. Nckx30C is expressed in a dorsal–ventral pattern in the eye-antennal disc in a pattern that is similar to, but broader than that of wingless, suggesting that large fluxes of calcium may be occurring during imaginal disc development. Nckx30C may not only function in the removal of calcium and maintenance of calcium homeostasis during signaling in the adult, but may also play a critical role in signaling during development.
The Convergence Behavior of Naive Bayes on Large Sparse Datasets

Large and sparse datasets with a lot of missing values are common in the big data era. Naive Bayes is a good classification algorithm for such datasets, as its time and space complexity scales well with the size of non-missing values. However, several important questions about the behavior of naive Bayes are yet to be answered. For example, how different mechanisms of missing, data sparseness and the number of attributes systematically affect the learning curves and convergence? Recent work in classifying large and sparse real-world datasets still could not address these questions mainly because the data missing mechanisms of these datasets are not taken into account. In this paper, we propose two novel data missing and expansion mechanisms to answer these questions. We use the data missing mechanisms to generate large and sparse data with various properties, and study the entire learning curve and convergence behavior of naive Bayes. We made several observations, which are verified through detailed theoretical study. Our results are useful for learning large sparse data in practice.
A framework for teaching learning: the dynamics of disposition

This paper draws on examples from New Zealand early childhood settings to illustrate a dynamic approach to learning dispositions. It sets out three dimensions along which a ‘learning curriculum’ can strengthen valued responses to learning opportunities: increasing their frequency and robustness, widening their domain, and deepening their complexity and competence. It is suggested that learning environments can be variously affording, inviting or potentiating (powerful) and that in potentiating learning environments teachers explain, orchestrate, commentate on, model and reify learning responses, and frequently the families and children participate in these processes as well. Although the question of ‘what’ learning dispositions is set aside, the paper argues that it is better for teachers in early childhood settings and classrooms to be explicit about valued responses and their trajectories than to leave them implicit, and therefore often unacknowledged and unattended.
Examining the use of food cues: nudge based approaches to increase the purchase of vegetables among young adults in B.C.

Vegetable intake is an important contributor to overall health, as vegetables are characteristically high in nutrient density and fibre and low in caloric density. In the student transition from high school to the university years vegetable consumption tends to deteriorate, potentially influencing both immediate and longer term health outcomes. Based on the recognition in behavioral economics that environmental factors can influence behavior, either explicity or implicitly, nudge interventions where environmental factors are manipulated to influence choice have emerged as potential contributors to public health behavior change goals. Evidence of their impact is mixed and the breadth of strategies and settings in which they are tested are limited. It was important to test nudge strategies with young-adults in real world cafeteria settings. The purpose of this quasi-experimental study was to evaluate the impact of a contextually feasible evidence-informed nudge intervention on food purchasing behavior in a University residence cafeteria. A priming nudge in the form of fresh vegetables offered at the steam/hot food table, combined with a salience nudge (signage) was tested. A single-case A-B-A-B design was adopted over 12 weeks in the fall term with 2 periods of baseline (A phase) and 2 periods of intervention (B phase). Staff portion servings were observed visually during the lunch and dinner service (4 hours/day total) and the proportion of hot table purchases with a vegetable serving added was the outcome variable. Visual inspection was used to evaluate the impact of the intervention and was supported by an analysis of: trends, measures of central tendency (mean, medians), overlap in data points, variability and latency. Wilcoxon Signed Ranks test was also used to determine if ranking of proportions was associated with phase. Visual inspection showed a positive change in trends when the Nudges were in place, followed by a change in direction when they were withdrawn, although these shifts were
Evaluation of Clinical Effectiveness and Subjective Satisfaction of a New Toothbrush for Postsurgical Hygiene Care: A Randomized Split-Mouth Double-Blind Clinical Trial

The aim of this RCT was to evaluate plaque control and gingival health promotion effectiveness of a new toothbrush with extra-soft filaments in postsurgical sets. Ten consecutive patients with at least two scheduled symmetrical periodontal surgeries were selected. Following the first periodontal surgery, a test (TB1) or control (TB2) toothbrush was randomly assigned. After the second surgery, the remaining toothbrush was given. Patients were asked to gently wipe the surgical area from days 3 to 7 postoperatively and to gently brush using a roll technique from day 7 till the end of the study. Baseline evaluation took place on the day of surgery and follow-ups were performed at days 7, 14, and 30 postoperatively. A more evident PI reduction was recorded for test toothbrush where a regular decrease was observed till day 14; then, this parameter tended to stabilize, remaining however lower than that recorded for the control toothbrush. There were no statistical differences in the GI between test and control toothbrushes. All patients introduced the test toothbrush at surgical site at third day; the control toothbrush was introduced within a mean of 9 days. The introduction of the test toothbrush 3 days after periodontal surgery may be recommended.
Time- and Self-Related Memories Predict Restorative Perceptions of Favorite Places Via Place Identity

Top–down processing has been highlighted as a potential, but as yet understudied, aspect of restorative environmental experience. In an online study, N = 234 adults resident in Finland rated their favorite Finnish place on measures of perceived restorativeness, perceived restorative outcomes, and place attachment, and provided qualitative descriptions of the place and a positive memory associated with it. Thematic analysis of qualitative data revealed seven themes underpinning place memories: the environment itself, activities within it, cognitive responses, emotional responses, social context, self, and time. Mediated regression analyses showed positive and significant relationships between restorative perceptions and the presence of memories of self and time, as mediated via place attachment (place identity factor). These findings emphasize the contribution of the person to the perception of their restorative experiences in places, particularly in the form of personal memories that can enhance place identity.
Clinical & Diagnostic Consequences of Poly Implant Prothèse Silicone Breast Implants Recalled from the European market in 2010

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Correlation between Radiologic Sign of Lumbar Lordosis and Functional Status in Patients with Chronic Mechanical Low Back Pain

Study Design A cross-sectional study. Purpose To describe the correlation between lumbar lordosis angle and functional status of patients with chronic mechanical low back pain (CMLBP). Overview of Literature There are different and conflicting opinions regarding the relationship between the degree of lumbar lordosis and functional status of patients with low back pain. Nonetheless, the severity of lordosis is still one of the routine physical exams considered in rehabilitation clinics. Methods The degree of lumbar lordosis of 150 patients with CMLBP was measured by means of Cobb's method using sagittal standing spinal radiographs. Subjects with probable secondary causes of low back pain (trauma, congenital anomaly, spinal infection, rheumatologic problems and history of spinal surgery) were excluded. Besides recording demographic data, their score of functional disability was estimated using Oswestry Disability Questionnaire, one of the most useful and reliable questionnaires. Comparison between these data was made regarding different age and gender groups. Results In this study, 119 subjects were female and 31 male, with an age range of 19-85 years. The average degree of lumbar lordosis was 44.69±11.43 and that of Oswestry disability index (ODI) 30.52%. Although we found a significant direct relationship between age and degree of lumbar lordosis (Pearson's correlation coefficient, p=0.016, r=0.197), while insignificant correlation was seen between the degree of lumbar lordosis and ODI (p=0.129). Conclusions There was no significant correlation between the degree of lumbar lordosis and the score of functional disability with regards to different age groups and gender.
Searching for gas-rich disks around T Tauri stars in Lupus

Aims. We characterize the molecular environment of classical T Tauri stars in Lupus observed with the Spitzer Space Telescope in our search for gas-rich disks toward these sources. Methods. Submillimeter observations of 12 CO, 13 CO, and C 18 O in the $J=3$–2 and 2–1 lines were obtained with the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope toward a sample of 21 T Tauri stars with disks in the Lupus molecular clouds. Pointings at the sources and at selected off-positions are presented in order to disentangle material associated with disks from ambient cloud material. Results. One source, IM Lup (Sz 82), was found with the double-peaked 12 CO and 13 CO profiles characteristic of a large rotating gas disk. The inclination of the disk is found to be ~$20^\circ$, with an outer radius of 400–700 AU. For most other sources, including GQ Lup with its substellar companion, the single-dish 12 CO lines are dominated by extended cloud emission with a complex velocity structure. No evidence of molecular outflows is found. Due to dense circumstellar material, compact C 18 O emission was detected toward only two sources. Future searches for gas-rich disks in Lupus should either use interferometers or perform very deep single-dish integrations in dense gas tracers to separate the cloud and disk emission.
Targeted ANP32E Mutant Mice Do Not Demonstrate Obvious Movement Defects

Background The ANP32 family of proteins have been implicated in neuronal function through biochemical and cellular biology studies in neurons, as well as by recent behavioural studies of a gene-trapped loss-of-function mutation of Anp32e in mice, particularly with respect to fine motor function. A second targeted allele of the Anp32e, however, did not appear to demonstrate neurological phenotypes. Methodology/Principal Findings Using a stringently controlled cohort of ten-generation backcrossed, co-caged, sex-matched, littermate pairs, we assayed for potential motor defects in the targeted ANP32E-deficient mice. We found no phenotypic difference in any assays. Conclusion Since it is unlikely that the gene-trap is a more complete loss-of-function, our results suggest that ANP32E has no appreciable effect on motor functions and that genetic background differences most likely account for the gene-trap phenomena.
The Schizosaccharomyces pombe Pfh1p DNA Helicase Is Essential for the Maintenance of Nuclear and Mitochondrial DNA

ABSTRACT Schizosaccharomyces pombe Pfh1p is an essential member of the Pif family of 5′-3′ DNA helicases. The two Saccharomyces cerevisiae homologs, Pif1p and Rrm3p, function in nuclear DNA replication, telomere length regulation, and mitochondrial genome integrity. We demonstrate here the existence of multiple Pfh1p isoforms that localized to either nuclei or mitochondria. The catalytic activity of Pfh1p was essential in both cellular compartments. The absence of nuclear Pfh1p resulted in G2 arrest and accumulation of DNA damage foci, a finding suggestive of an essential role in DNA replication. Exogenous DNA damage resulted in localization of Pfh1p to DNA damage foci, suggesting that nuclear Pfh1p also functions in DNA repair. The absence of mitochondrial Pfh1p caused rapid depletion of mitochondrial DNA. Despite localization to nuclei and mitochondria in S. pombe, neither of the S. cerevisiae homologs, nor human PIF1, suppressed the lethality of pfh1Δ cells. However, the essential nuclear function of Pfh1p could be supplied by Rrm3p. Expression of Rrm3p suppressed the accumulation of DNA damage foci but not the hydroxyurea sensitivity of cells depleted of nuclear Pfh1p. Together, these data demonstrate that Pfh1p has essential roles in the replication of both nuclear and mitochondrial DNA.
Can we predict the duration of an interglacial

Differences in the duration of interglacials have long been apparent in palaeoclimate records of the Late and Middle Pleistocene. However, a systematic evaluation of such differences has been hampered by the lack of a metric that can be applied consistently through time and by diffi- culties in separating the local from the global component in various proxies. This, in turn, means that a theoretical frame- work with predictive power for interglacial duration has re- mained elusive. Here we propose that the interval between the terminal oscillation of the bipolar seesaw and three thou- sand years (kyr) before its first major reactivation provides an estimate that approximates the length of the sea-level high- stand, a measure of interglacial duration. We apply this con- cept to interglacials of the last 800 kyr by using a recently- constructed record of interhemispheric variability. The on- set of interglacials occurs within 2 kyr of the boreal sum- mer insolation maximum/precession minimum and is consis- tent with the canonical view of Milankovitch forcing pacing the broad timing of interglacials. Glacial inception always takes place when obliquity is decreasing and never after the obliquity minimum. The phasing of precession and obliq- uity appears to influence the persistence of interglacial con- ditions over one or two insolation peaks, leading to shorter ( 13 kyr) and longer ( 28 kyr) interglacials. Glacial incep- tion occurs approximately 10 kyr after peak interglacial con- ditions in temperature and CO2, representing a characteris- tic timescale of interglacial decline. Second-order differences in duration may be a function of stochasticity in the climate system, or small variations in background climate state and the magnitude of feedbacks and mechanisms contributing to glacial inception, and as such, difficult to predict. On the other hand, the broad duration of an interglacial may be de- termined by the phasing of astronomical parameters and the history of insolation, rather than the instantaneous forcing strength at inception.
Strong Coupling Holography

We show that whenever a 4-dimensional theory with N particle species emerges as a consistent low energy description of a 3-brane embedded in an asymptotically-flat (4+d)-dimensional space, the holographic scale of high-dimensional gravity sets the strong coupling scale of the 4D theory. This connection persists in the limit in which gravity can be consistently decoupled. We demonstrate this effect for orbifold planes, as well as for the solitonic branes and string theoretic D-branes. In all cases the emergence of a 4D strong coupling scale from bulk holography is a persistent phenomenon. The effect turns out to be insensitive even to such extreme deformations of the brane action that seemingly shield 4D theory from the bulk gravity effects. A well understood example of such deformation is given by large 4D Einstein term in the 3-brane action, which is known to suppress the strength of 5D gravity at short distances and change the 5D Newton's law into the four-dimensional one. Nevertheless, we observe that the scale at which the scalar polarization of an effective 4D-graviton becomes strongly coupled is again set by the bulk holographic scale. The effect persist in the gravity decoupling limit, when the full theory reduces to a 4D system in which the only memory about the high-dimensional holography is encoded in the strong coupling scale. The observed intrinsic connection between the high-dimensional flat space holography and 4D strong coupling suggests a possible guideline for generalization of AdS/CFT duality to other systems.
Drawing the Future

Ever since Mortimer Mouse was born, his father has been telling him that one day he will run the family store. His father always starts the conversation with the story of how Mortimer’s great-grandfather started the store. “There was a need for cheese,” his father would say, “and your great-grandfather had a plan! ” Mortimer’s great-grandfather was a man of action and when his community needed him, the “More Cheese Please” cheese store was created. This store had been passed down to the first son for three generations and when Mortimer turns eighteen, the store would be passed down to him. There was only one problem with this plan: no one had ever asked Mortimer what he thought about it. The topic of conversation at the dinner table continues to be the same. His father would tell a story about the store and beam with pride as he recalled the day his father passed the keys to him. His mother, with a tear in her eye, would recall the day Mortimer was born and mention how her baby is growing up so quickly. Mortimer would make it through dinner and then head to his room where he could be alone with his thoughts. In his room, he thought about a lot of things: what he wanted to do with his life, who he wanted to be, and whether he really wanted to run the store. He knew it would make his father proud, but was there a way to run the store and run after his own dream? No one knew his secret because no one had every asked. They all assumed the same thing: that one day, Mortimer Mouse would run the store. What his parents did not know, what the town did not know, was that Mortimer wanted to become an artist and that no matter what, he would never stop drawing pictures of his dreams.
SentiRank: Cross-Domain Graph Ranking for Sentiment Classification

Sentiment classification is attracting more and more attention because of its great benefits to social and human life. Usually supervised classification approaches perform well in sentiment classification, but the performance decreases sharply when transferred from one domain to another domain. In this paper, we propose an approach, SentiRank, which integrates the sentiment orientations of the documents into the graph-ranking algorithm for cross-domain sentiment classification. We apply the graph-ranking algorithm using the accurate labels of old-domain documents as well as the “pseudo” labels of new-domain documents, and investigate their relative importance for cross-domain sentiment classification. The experiment results indicate that the proposed algorithm could improve the performance of cross-domain sentiment classification dramatically.