Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Configuration management in the aerospace industry: a review of industry practice

Purpose – Addresses the research question “how is the discipline of configuration management (CM) practised in the European Aerospace industry? ”Design/methodology/approach – Uses a mixed method approach with a questionnaire survey followed by in‐depth interviews.Findings – CM discipline relies on fragmented and diverse processes and its organisational role and contribution are undervalued. Remedying present piecemeal deployment of information technology holds out substantial opportunity for improvement.Research limitations/implications – This exploratory research focusses on a specific industry and relies mainly on descriptive statistics. Future research could examine other industries or carry out explanatory research on CM systems in aerospace.Practical implications – Substantial scope for business benefits exists if information technology and people are mobilised to improve CM. The need for effective CM systems in organisations will grow as social and environmental responsibilities increase.Originality/.
Freeing the Shackles of Family Business Ownership

Ownership and management succession are recognized as defining processes for family businesses worldwide. Through the generations, as the family tree spreads, shareholdings become more dispersed, with no guarantee that all family shareholders will have the same degree of commitment to, and interest in, the family business. This paper discusses factors influencing the outcome of external and internal challenges to ownership of two interrelated Australian family businesses— one in its fifth generation, the other in its third. It concludes with guidelines to allow for effective and timely ownership transfer for those wishing to realize capital or retain control of their inherited investment.
Selection of Outbound Package Tours: The Case of Senior Citizens in Hong Kong

Strong evidence points to an increasing number of senior citizens in the outbound travel market in Hong Kong. However, only a limited number of travel agencies in Hong Kong have paid attention to this potential market. This research investigates Hong Kong senior citizens' perceptions of the importance of the criteria used to select from the outbound package tours currently offered in the market and of the performance of these attributes. Importance–performance analysis (IPA) was carried out to analyze the data collected and categorize them into the four quadrants of the IPA grid. The results indicate the high mobility of senior citizens in Hong Kong and that they tend to join outbound package tours when traveling abroad. With regard to the provision of outbound package tours, they are generally satisfied with the performance of existing travel agencies, although some areas for improvement are noted. The findings also lend support to the high potential that exists in the senior citizen travel market and to the need for travel agencies to put extra effort into this niche market. Building upon previous literatures focusing only on selection criteria of group package tours, our study contributes further to the body of knowledge on seniors' travel decision making and the perception gap between them and the service providers. Recommendations to travel agencies regarding how to capture this market segment more effectively are also offered.
Market Making with Discrete Prices

Exchange-mandated discrete pricing restrictions create a wedge between the underlying equilibrium price and the observed price. This wedge permits a competitive market maker to realize economic profits that could help recoup fixed costs. The optimal tick size that maximizes the expected profits of the market maker can be equal to $1/8 for reasonable parameter values. The optimal tick size is decreasing in the degree of adverse selection. Discreteness per se can cause time-varying bid-ask spreads, asymmetric commissions, and market breakdowns. Discreteness, which imposes additional transaction costs, reduces the value of private information. Liquidity traders can benefit under certain conditions. Article published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Financial Studies in its journal, The Review of Financial Studies.
Privacy and Ethical Issues in Database/Interactive Marketing and Public Policy: A Research Framework and Overview of the Special Issue

Privacy is a high-profile public policy issue that affects consumers and marketers. The emergence of online marketing brings new privacy concerns that have resulted in Federal Trade Commission scrutiny and review. At the same time, industry groups and associations have been active in self-regulation efforts. To highlight areas in which marketing researchers can add value to the public policy discussion on privacy, the author provides a research framework that highlights four aspects of information exchange between marketers and consumers. The author argues that improving exchange mechanisms will provide consumers with more control and the ability to make more informed trade-offs of personal information for benefits. Within this framework, the author provides an overview of the articles in this special issue and suggests avenues for further research.
Developments in understanding tourism policy

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the current stage of the development of the study of tourism policy and some of the key issues that have come in for attention. Design/methodology/approach – The work is based on a review of the literature relating to tourism policy over a 40-year period. Based on one of the models of tourism policy-making, it uses a five-part structure to organise the literature and for each part, it explores the issues dealt with by researchers over the period. Findings – After a slow start, most aspects of tourism policy are now well-covered in the literature, and notably, there has been a marked quickening in the pace of study over the past decade. Influences on policy are well-documented, as are the roles of the different stakeholders in the policy process. This contrasts with the understanding of the work of the policymakers, which is less well-developed, as is the nature and influence of the different forms of policy output. Neoliberalism and governance have been pr.
An Adaptive Strategy for Resource Allocation Modeled as Minority Game

In a computer system, different agents need different resources to complete their tasks. The objective of resource allocation is to allocate the resources to the agents so that they can complete their tasks and at the same time make good utilization of resources. In this paper, we model the resource allocation problem as a minority game. In this way, the system has the advantages of a distributed system but with reduced overhead. Also, this approach is autonomous and adaptive. We design an adaptive strategy for agents to play in the game model. We perform simulations of a single-choice model, a multi-choice model in which agents have (and do not have) preferences over the resources. Simulations show that agents with the proposed adaptive strategy are able to make more right decisions and better resource utilization than previous work.
Bacterial Tracheitis—An Old Disease Rediscovered

During a 3-year period, seven children with bacterial tracheitis were admitted to the intensive care unit of the Winnipeg Children's Hospital. The illness was characterized by fever, toxicity, and stridor. Respiratory difficulty was secondary to copious thick purulent tracheal secretions. In the majority of patients the illness was caused by Staphylococcus aureus, and the rest had Hemophilus influenzae infection. Viral studies in five patients were negative. Most patients re quired endotracheal intubation and frequent tracheal toilet to prevent serious airway obstruc tion. In our ICU, bacterial tracheitis accounted for about 14 per cent of admissions with in fectious upper airway obstructive illness, while epiglottis and croup accounted for 55 per cent and 31 per cent, respectively. Only 5 per cent of children with croup admitted to the hospital were admitted to the ICU. Bacterial tracheitis has reappeared, at least in North America, as an important and serious cause of obstructive upper airway disease in children and must be rec ognized early in order to prevent catastrophic airway obstruction.
Geneticists' views on science policy formation and public outreach

Though much research about the public's views of scientists, genetic research and its moral, ethical, and social implications exists, little has been done to investigate how scientists view their own role(s) in public discussions and policy formation related to genetic research and technologies. We interviewed 20 academic geneticists in the United States about their perceptions of the roles they and others (e.g., professional societies, the public, ethicists, and elected officials) do and should play in the formation of science policy, the communication of science to the public, and the public discussions of moral and ethical issues raised by scientific advances. The participants in our study thought that scientists should be more actively involved in public outreach and science policy formation, but frequently they felt ill‐equipped and unsupported by their peers and institutions to pursue these activities. Furthermore, many were skeptical of or did not trust elected officials—who they consider uninformed about the issues and too driven by political agendas—to formulate sound science policy. They do, however, have faith in the ability of scientific societies to influence policy effectively, and some thought that societies should play a larger role, both in science policy and as a liaison between scientists and the public. Finally, participants offered suggestions for increasing the involvement and influence of scientists in science‐policy formation and public discourse. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Controlling Shareholders’ Incentive and Corporate Tax Avoidance: A Natural Experiment in China

The split share structure reform in China aligned the incentive of controlling shareholders with that of minority shareholders by granting trading rights to previously non-tradable shares. We find that the reform increases firms’ tax avoidance activities that are value-enhancing. However, the change in tax avoidance is only observed in state-owned firms where, compared to non-state-owned firms, the agency conflict between the controlling shareholder (the government) and minority shareholders is aggravated due to the fact that the former also serves as the tax claimant. Further, this effect is more pronounced in state-owned firms that are more likely to be influenced by the government prior to the reform. Finally, the reform reinforces a positive association between tax avoidance and firm value through an improvement in governance.
Equity Valuation Effects of the Issuance of Convertible Bonds

The article compares the equity valuation effects of the convertible bonds, straight debt, and common equity offerings in the U.K. market. Our results on announcement dates are similar to those of studies in the U.S. in several respects. Convertible bond offerings have a significant negative impact on the underlying stock price; straight debt offerings are accompanied by a small negative stock price reaction; and rights issues have significantly negative valuation effects. A result that is at variance with U.S. results is that we find no stock price reaction on the issue date of convertible bonds.
Is the Endowment Effect an Expectations Effect

A hallmark result within behavioral economics is that individuals' choices are affected by current endowments. A recent theory due to Kőszegi and Rabin ( , Quarterly Journal of Economics, 121, 1133–1165) explains such endowment effect with a model of expectations-based reference-dependent preferences. Departing from past work, we conduct complementary experiments to disentangle expectations—verified probabilistic beliefs held by subjects—from other features of endowment—such as “assignment” to a good—hence allowing us to compare the effect of expectations with that of other variations. While mere assignment can affect choices, we do not find a large role in the effect for Kőszegi–Rabin expectations.
Working with Young Children and Their Families: Recommendations for Domestic Violence Agencies and Batterer Intervention Programs

Poverty Early Childhood Domestic Violence Dedication This series is dedicated to the memory of Susan Schechter (1946-2004). Susan Schechter was a visionary leader in the movement to end violence against women and children. Her work and infl uence were national in scope, though her home base in recent years was Iowa City, Iowa, where she served as Clinical Professor at The University of Iowa School of Social Work. Susan was a founder of the battered women's movement, and throughout her career was a respected leader and thinker in the fi eld. She was the author or co-author of several pioneering books and monographs, including the widely cited Women and Male Violence, which was an early history of the battered women's movement, and the Greenbook that is currently the guide for many reform efforts around the country. Perhaps Susan's most signifi cant and enduring contribution was her path breaking and persistent effort to help the children of battered women. This work began in 1986, when Susan developed AWAKE, (Advocacy for Women and Kids in Emergencies) at Children's Hospital, Boston, which was the fi rst program in a pediatric hospital for battered women with abused children. She also served as a consultant to several national domestic violence and child welfare initiatives and as a member of the National Advisory Council on Violence Against Women. Her analysis, writing, advocacy, and speeches played a major role in shaping current policy and practice regarding family violence and children. On a less public but no less signifi cant stage, the positive way in which Susan touched the lives of those around her was among her greatest gifts. Susan was a remarkable person, thoughtful and good-hearted; many individuals from diverse fi elds were fortunate to call her a mentor and friend. Her leadership, warmth, humor, wisdom, and passionate advocacy will be missed. This series of papers refl ects the integrity of Susan's work and is a fi tting tribute to her intellect and her unique skills, which bridged the fi elds of child advocacy and domestic violence in ways that encouraged multidisciplinary approaches to evolve. It was her hope that this series would be a catalyst for change that would bring safety and stability to young children and families affected by domestic violence, racism and poverty. This paper is part of a series that addresses a widespread but often hidden challenge: how to mobilize community and programmatic …
'Stop Making Sense': Chaos and coherence in the formulation of the Irish qualifications framework

This article addresses some critical issues relating to the emergence of a national framework for qualifications in Ireland. The emergence of the framework is addressed with reference to the broad field of sense-making theory and with the aid of a metaphor drawn from chaos theory. The article suggests that the main dynamic driving the emergence of the framework has been in the newly confident further education and vocational education and training sectors, where two decades of ground-level initiatives resulted in the establishment of new national certification systems. The relationship of the established systems of schooling and of higher education to the newly emerging framework is discussed. The process of legislation and development that has accompanied the frame work is described and some of the salient features of the framework are noted, in particular the commitment to certain learning outcomes not easily measured in traditional outcomes-based systems. The article suggests that the rational development of the framework may be tested if the spontaneous energy that has been a characteristic of developments so far is constrained by too tight and formal a technical system.
Board governance: A social systems perspective

The article discusses research pertaining to board governance is it relates to the processes of workgroups. Studies show that a workgroup leader's behavior has important effects on group performance. In the context of a board of directors several actors play important leadership roles. These include the board chair, the lead director, and the chief executive officer (CEO). Effective board leaders serve as culture carriers. In this sense they model and live the values that shape the behaviors of board members.
Cognitive Performance after Strenuous Physical Exercise

Stimulating as well as detrimental effects of exercise on cognitive functioning have been reported. In the present study, 15 endurance-trained athletes (aged 18 to 42 years) performed a bicycle ergometer endurance test at 75% of their maximal work capacity (Wmax). Psychomotor and cognitive tests were administered before and immediately after exercise. These consisted of simple reaction time (RT), 3-choice RT and Stimulus-Response (S-R) incompatible RT tasks, a finger-tapping task, and the Stroop test. Simple RT tasks, but also the more complex S-R in compatible RT, and Color Word Interference in the Stroop test showed an increase in speed of performance after exercise relative to baseline. An enhanced activation was probably responsible for this better performance on psychomotor and cognitive tests. Since performance on the most complex task, the Interference subtest of the Stroop, was especially improved after exercise, the expectancy of the subjects of a potential positive effect of exercise was thought to have been responsible.
The Direct Contribution of FDI to Productivity Growth in Britain, 1997–2008

This paper considers the contribution of foreign‐owned plants and firms to aggregate total factor productivity (TFP) growth in Britain for 1997–2008 using data from the Annual Respondents' Database. The contribution of different sub‐groups is further decomposed to show the role of continuing plants vis‐a‐vis reallocations in output shares. TFP is calculated using system GMM estimation. Taking into account the smaller initial size of the foreign‐owned sector in 1997, foreign‐owned plants contributed relatively more to aggregate productivity growth than UK‐owned plants over the period. This strong performance is mostly the result of reallocations of output shares towards high productivity continuing plants and the opening of high productivity plants.
Consumer Price and Promotion Expectations: An Experimental Study

The authors report results from a controlled experiment designed to investigate the impact of a brand's price promotion frequency and the depth of promotional price discounts on the price consumers expect to pay for that brand. A key feature of the work is that expected prices elicited directly from respondents in the experiment are used in the analysis, as opposed to the latent or surrogate measures of expected prices used in previous studies. As hypothesized, both the promotion frequency and the depth of price discounts are found to have a significant impact on price expectations. Evidence also supports a region of relative price insensitivity around the expected price, such that only price changes outside that region have a significant impact on consumer brand choice. Further, the authors find that consumer expectations of both price and promotional activities should be considered in explaining consumer brand choice behavior. Specifically, the presence of a promotional deal when one is not expected or the absence of a promotional deal when one is expected may have a significant impact on consumer brand choice. Finally, as in the case of price expectations, consumer response to promotion expectations is found to be asymmetric in that losses loom larger than gains.
Social Security, Induced Retirement, and Aggregate Capital Accumulation

For the great majority of Americans, the most important form of household wealth is the anticipated social security retirement benefits. In 1971 the aggregate value of these annuities was approximately $2 trillion or some 60 percent of other household assets. This paper uses an extended life-cycle model to analyze the impact of social security on the individual's simultaneous decision about retirement and saving. Econometric evidence, using an estimated time series of "social security wealth," indicates that social security depresses personal saving by 30-50 percent. Implications of this research for the theory of consumption and for the level and distribution of income are discussed.
The Laterosensory Canal System in Epigean and Subterranean Ituglanis (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae), With Comments About Troglomorphism and the Phylogeny of the Genus

The laterosensory system is a mechanosensory modality involved in many aspects of fish biology and behavior. Laterosensory perception may be crucial for individual survival, especially in habitats where other sensory modalities are generally useless, such as the permanently aphotic subterranean environment. In the present study, we describe the laterosensory canal system of epigean and subterranean species of the genus Ituglanis (Siluriformes: Trichomycteridae). With seven independent colonizations of the subterranean environment in a limited geographical range coupled with a high diversity of epigean forms, the genus is an excellent model for the study of morphological specialization to hypogean life. The comparison between epigean and subterranean species reveals a trend toward reduction of the laterosensory canal system in the subterranean species, coupled with higher intraspecific variability and asymmetry. This trend is mirrored in other subterranean fishes and in species living in different confined spaces, like the interstitial environment. Therefore, we propose that the reduction of the laterosensory canal system should be regarded as a troglomorphic (= cave‐related) character for subterranean fishes. We also comment about the patterns of the laterosensory canal system in trichomycterids and use the diversity of this system among species of Ituglanis to infer phylogenetic relationships within the genus. J. Morphol. 278:4–28, 2017. ©© 2016 Wiley Periodicals,Inc.
Managing School Based Studies in Namibia’s Zambezi Region: Navigating Challenges in the Practicum Triad

This study examined the challenges besetting the teaching practicum and the varying roles of individual members of the practicum triad comprising the university, the student teacher and the support school during the practicum component of primary teacher education at the University of Namibia’s Katima Mulilo Campus, Zambezi Region. It sought to establish the perceptions of university lecturers and support teachers about the effectiveness of the pre-deployment preparedness of student teachers before their attachment to practicum schools and to as well establish the facets of the school participation within the triad which are most effective in supporting student teachers throughout their school based practicum. Suggestions from support teachers, student teachers and the University of Namibia’s Faculty of Education were collated in efforts to foster an effective practicum partnership. This study thus posits a view that school-based teaching practica should provide the pre-service student teachers with opportunities to be exposed to the contextual realities of teaching and other related professional activities through the development of sustainable norms and a continuum of realistic practicum partnerships which should take on board all stakeholders. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2014. v5n20p2841