Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social Vulnerability in European Cities: The Role of Local Welfare in Times of Crisis

PART I: MACRO TRENDS 1. New Social Risks and the Role of Local Welfare: An Introduction Costanzo Ranci, Taco Brandsen and Stefania Sabatinelli 2. Social Cohesion and Global Competitiveness: Clustering Cities Marianna d'Ovidio and Costanzo Ranci PART II: Structural Mechanisms and Social Policy in Local Welfare Systems 3. Changing Labor Markets and the Place of Local Policies Manuel Aguilar Hendrickson and Stefania Sabatinelli 4. Changing Family Needs and Local Childcare Policies Laurent Fraisse and Anna Escobedo 5. Cities of Migration: the Challenges of Social Inclusion Giuliana Costa and Benjamin Ewert 6. Urban Housing Systems in Times of Crisis Giuliana Costa, Goiko Bezovan, Pietro Palvarini and Taco Brandsen PART III: VULNERABLE GROUPS: COPING WITH UNCERTAINTY 7. Young People Experiencing Work Precariousness: Risks and Opportunities Lara Maestripieri and Stefania Sabatinelli 8. Lone Mothers: Care Arrangements Between Support and Isolation Renata Siemie? ska and Ilona Matysiak 9. Vulnerable Migrants: Coping Strategies and Multiple Paths to Social Exclusion Sandro Cattacin and Patricia Naegeli PART IV: CONCLUSION 10. Local Welfare Systems in Europe in the Age of Austerity Costanzo Ranci, Taco Brandsen and Stefania Sabatinelli
Ecological momentary assessment versus traditional retrospective self-reports as predictors of health-relevant outcomes

Zielke, Desiree Joy. Ph.D., Purdue University, August 2012. Ecological Momentary Assessment versus Traditional Retrospective Self-Reports as Predictors of HealthRelevant Outcomes. Major Professor: Jesse C. Stewart. Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) has been asserted by proponents of the technique as being superior to standard paper-and-pencil measurements in terms of the reliability and validity of the information obtained; however, this claim has not yet been fully evaluated in the literature. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to evaluate one aspect of this assertion by comparing the utility of EMA and retrospective measures of depressive symptoms in predicting health-relevant biological and behavioral outcomes. It was hypothesized that (1) the EMA measure will have better predictive utility when examining objective sleep quality (a biological outcome), and that (2) the retrospective measure will have better predictive utility when examining blood donation intention (a behavioral outcome). Ninety-six undergraduate females participated in this 2-week study. Depressive symptoms were measured momentarily and retrospectively using the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). The biological outcome was assessed by actigraphy, whereas the behavioral outcome was measured via a self-report questionnaire. Unfortunately, it was not possible to fully test these hypotheses due to the
Homologous Recombination Deficiency: Exploiting the Fundamental Vulnerability of Ovarian Cancer.

UNLABELLED Approximately 50% of epithelial ovarian cancers (EOC) exhibit defective DNA repair via homologous recombination (HR) due to genetic and epigenetic alterations of HR pathway genes. Defective HR is an important therapeutic target in EOC as exemplified by the efficacy of platinum analogues in this disease, as well as the advent of PARP inhibitors, which exhibit synthetic lethality when applied to HR-deficient cells. Here, we describe the genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of HR-deficient EOCs, discuss current and emerging approaches for targeting these tumors, and present challenges associated with these approaches, focusing on development and overcoming resistance. SIGNIFICANCE Defective DNA repair via HR is a pivotal vulnerability of EOC, particularly of the high-grade serous histologic subtype. Targeting defective HR offers the unique opportunity of exploiting molecular differences between tumor and normal cells, thereby inducing cancer-specific synthetic lethality; the promise and challenges of these approaches in ovarian cancer are discussed in this review.
Measuring professionalism in residency training programs in Iran

Background and aim: To assess the Farsi (Persian) translated and modified version of the questionnaire of the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM) for measuring professionalism, and also, measuring the professional attitudes and behaviors associated with the medical residency training environment in Iran. Methods: After a pilot study, a 17-item questionnaire was distributed to 282 medical residents of two major universities of Iran, from December 2006 through February 2007. Results: Of the 282 distributed questionnaires, 259 (95.2%) were used in the analysis. Based on the analyses, two items were omitted and 15 items were retained for further analysis. The mean score was 106 (Standard Deviation (SD), 22.4) out of maximum 150, whereas the item mean was 6.12 (SD, 0.37) out of maximum 10. Corrected item-to-total correlations ranged from low to moderate. The internal reliability of the scale, based on Cronbach's alpha, meets Nunnally's minimal requirement. A factor analysis was performed, based on principal components and varimax rotation. The solution identified three factors (subscales) including excellence, honor/integrity and altruism/respect. Together these factors represented 58.8% of the common variance. Conclusion: This study showed the content validity and internal reliability of the Farsi version of the ABIM questionnaire. Therefore, it can be considered as an encouraging step toward developing a short, reliable and valid instrument for measuring professionalism in medical environments.
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in University Students: Occurrence and Associated Factors

Background The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and its association with body composition among students in University of Sharjah (UOS). Materials and Methods This cross-sectional study included a total sample size of 50 female students registering in undergraduate programs at the University of Sharjah using convenience sampling technique. A pretested interview schedule was administered to elicit information pertaining to personal background and medical history related to PCOS. A diag- nostic ultrasound scan was performed for determining PCOS along with a body composition analysis using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) technology. Results Twenty percent (10 out of 50 participants) were diagnosed with PCOS, of whom only 4 individuals were previously diagnosed with PCOS and aware of their conditions, while the reports showed 16% with oligomenorrhea, 4% with polymenorrhea, and none with amen- orrhea. A positive family history was indicated as reported by 22% of the total participants. Significant difference between the body weights of participants having PCOS (66.7 kg) and those without it (58.8 kg) were noted (p=0.043, t=2.084). On the other hand, the body compo- sition related variables including waist-hip ratio (WHR), fat-free mass (FFM), percent body fat (PBF) and visceral fat area (VFA) were relatively higher in participants having PCOS than those without it. However, there was no statistical significance of differences. Comparatively, the participants with PCOS had lower bone mineral density (BMD) than those without it, whereas the difference was statistically non-significant. Conclusion The occurrence of PCOS in the present study is consistent with the global preva- lence. Comparatively, the body composition of PCOS females is different from the normal fe- males. Further studies are required in the Middle East region on larger sample sizes and broader aspects of health including lifestyle and dietary components to understand these differences.
Risk of Alzheimer’s Disease in Relation to Diabetes: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Background/Aims: Detailed information on the age- and sex-specific relationships between diabetes and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is scarce. This study aims to prospectively investigate the age- and sex-specific incidence density and relative hazards of AD in relation to diabetes. Methods: A total of 615,529 diabetic patients and 614,871 age- and sex-matched random controls were linked to the claim data from 2000–2008 to identify the first occurrence of a primary or secondary diagnosis of AD. Incidence density was calculated under the Poisson assumption. We also assessed the age- and sex-specific risk of AD in relation to diabetes with the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results: Over nearly 9 years of follow-up, a total of 4,615 diabetic subjects developed AD, representing a cumulative incidence rate of 0.75% (n = 3,873; 0.63% in controls). The overall incidence densities of AD for diabetic men and women, respectively, were 0.82 and 1.15 per 1,000 person-years, which were higher than those for control men and women (0.63 and 0.89 per 1,000 person-years, respectively). Diabetic patients had a significantly higher hazard ratio (HR) of AD [1.45, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.38–1.52]. Diabetic women ≥65 years had a higher HR (1.52, 95% CI 1.42–1.62) than diabetic women <65 years (1.34, 95% CI 1.15–1.56). Conclusion: Diabetes may increase the risk of AD in both sexes and in all ages. A higher HR of AD was especially notable in older diabetic women.
Geomechanics in Reservoir Simulation: Overview of Coupling Methods and Field Case Study

The paper addresses the modeling of geomechanical effects induced by reservoir production and their influence on fluid flow in the reservoir. Geomechanical effects induced by reservoir production can be particularly pronounced in stress sensitive reservoirs, such as poorly compacted reservoirs and fractured reservoirs. The authors review the main coupled mechanisms associated with the production of these reservoirs, and describe the different approaches that can be used to solve the coupling between fluid flow and geomechanical problems. A field case study is then presented. A stress dependent reservoir simulator-ATH2VIS-was used to quantify effects associated with the production of a highly heterogeneous and compartmentalized limestone reservoir. This simulator relies on a partial coupling approach with different time steps for reservoir and geomechanical simulations and manages data exchanges at given time intervals between the ATHOSTM reservoir simulator developed at IFP and the VISAGETM geomechanical simulator (VIPS Ltd. , 2001). The results of the coupled reservoir geomechanical simulations indicate that perturbation of the reservoir mechanical equilibrium specifically leads to progressive strain localization on a limited number of faults. Only specific parts of these faults are critically stressed, depending on pore pressure variations in their vicinity, temperature variations, and fault strikes compared with stress orientation. The normal strains resulting from geomechanical computations are interpreted in terms of permeability variations using a fracture and fault permeability model to improve the dynamic description of fluid flow and history matching.
Ly6Chi Monocytes and Their Macrophage Descendants Regulate Neutrophil Function and Clearance in Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Injury

Monocyte-derived macrophages (MoMF) play a pivotal role in the resolution of acetaminophen-induced liver injury (AILI). Timely termination of neutrophil activity and their clearance are essential for liver regeneration following injury. Here, we show that infiltrating Ly6Chi monocytes, their macrophage descendants, and neutrophils spatially and temporally overlap in the centrilobular necrotic areas during the necroinflammatory and resolution phases of AILI. At the necroinflammatory phase, inducible ablation of circulating Ly6Chi monocytes resulted in reduced numbers and fractions of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-producing neutrophils. In alignment with this, neutrophils sorted from monocyte-deficient livers exhibited reduced expression of NADPH oxidase 2. Moreover, human CD14+ monocytes stimulated with lipopolysaccharide or hepatocyte apoptotic bodies directly induced ROS production by cocultured neutrophils. RNA-seq-based transcriptome profiling of neutrophils from Ly6Chi monocyte-deficient versus normal livers revealed 449 genes that were differentially expressed with at least twofold change (p ≤ 0.05). In the absence of Ly6Chi monocytes, neutrophils displayed gene expression alterations associated with decreased innate immune activity and increased cell survival. At the early resolution phase, Ly6Chi monocytes differentiated into ephemeral Ly6Clo MoMF and their absence resulted in significant accumulation of late apoptotic neutrophils. Further gene expression analysis revealed the induced expression of a specific repertoire of bridging molecules and receptors involved with apoptotic cell clearance during the transition from Ly6Chi monocytes to MoMF. Collectively, our findings establish a phase-dependent task division between liver-infiltrating Ly6Chi monocytes and their MoMF descendants with the former regulating innate immune functions and cell survival of neutrophils and the later neutrophil clearance.
CHARACTERIZING THE YOUNGEST HERSCHEL-DETECTED PROTOSTARS. I. ENVELOPE STRUCTURE REVEALED BY CARMA DUST CONTINUUM OBSERVATIONS

We present Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy 2.9 mm dust continuum emission observations of a sample of 14 Herschel-detected Class 0 protostars in the Orion A and B molecular clouds, drawn from the PACS Bright Red Sources (PBRS) sample. These objects are characterized by very red 24–70 μm colors and prominent submillimeter emission, suggesting that they are very young Class 0 protostars embedded in dense envelopes. We detect all of the PBRS in 2.9 mm continuum emission and emission from four protostars and one starless core in the fields toward the PBRS; we also report one new PBRS source. The ratio of 2.9 mm luminosity to bolometric luminosity is higher by a factor of ∼5 on average, compared to other well-studied protostars in the Perseus and Ophiuchus clouds. The 2.9 mm visibility amplitudes for 6 of the 14 PBRS are very flat as a function of uv distance, with more than 50% of the source emission arising from radii <1500 AU. These flat visibility amplitudes are most consistent with spherically symmetric envelope density profiles with ρ ∝ R−2.5. Alternatively, there could be a massive unresolved structure like a disk or a high-density inner envelope departing from a smooth power law. The large amount of mass on scales <1500 AU (implying high average central densities) leads us to suggest that that the PBRS with flat visibility amplitude profiles are the youngest PBRS and may be undergoing a brief phase of high mass infall/accretion and are possibly among the youngest Class 0 protostars. The PBRS with more rapidly declining visibility amplitudes still have large envelope masses, but could be slightly more evolved.
Aldosterone-producing adrenal adenoma and idiopathic intracranial hypertension--a pathogenetic link for aldosterone?

A 49-year-old Caucasian male with poorly controlled hypertension was admitted to St George’s Hospital in 1998 with a 6-week history of headaches and visual obscuration. He had an episode of left ventricular failure 8 months previously. A subsequent coronary and renal angiogram were normal. Hypertension was diagnosed 5 years previously and he was on treatment with amlodipine 10 mg od, methyldopa 250 mg tds, doxazosin 2 mg qds, labetalol 200 mg bd and furosemide 40 mg bd. His blood pressure (BP) was 160/90 mmHg on admission. Visual acuity was reduced in both eyes with bilateral papilloedema worse on the left than on the right. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of his brain was normal. Diagnostic lumbar puncture (LP) revealed a high cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) opening pressure at 270 mmH2O (reference range 60–220 mmH2O). CSF of 4.5 ml was drained with a fall in CSF pressure to 165 mmH2O along with subjective improvement in headaches. On the basis of a normal MRI brain, bilateral papilloedema and high CSF pressure, he was diagnosed with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). His vision, however, did not improve and he underwent an optic nerve sheath fenestration to relieve the pressure on the left optic nerve. The patient was referred to the Blood Pressure Unit at St George’s Hospital in January 2003 with resistant hypertension with a BP of 210/100 mmHg. Initial investigations showed serum Na+ 139 mmol/l, serum K+ 3.5 mmol/l and bicarbonate 29 mmol/l. His plasma aldosterone concentration was 1476 pmol/l (normal range of 100–600 pmol/l) and his plasma renin activity (PRA) was suppressed at 0.1 ng/ml/h (normal upright range of 0.5–4.5 ng/ml/h) giving a plasma aldosterone concentration to PRA [aldosterone to renin (ARR)] ratio of 14760. Urinary catecholamines were normal. A computerized tomography (CT) scan of his …
Ineffectiveness of Echinacea for Prevention of Experimental Rhinovirus Colds

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of echinacea for the prevention of experimental rhinovirus colds. Infection occurred in 44 and 57% and illness occurred in 36 and 43% of the echinacea- and placebo-treated subjects, respectively. This preparation of echinacea had no significant effect on either the occurrence of infection or the severity of illness.
A heuristic method for computing caging formation of polygonal object

An object is said to be caged when it is bounded within some confined workspace, in which it may move but cannot escape from. An object in a cage formed by multiple robots can be transported as the robot caging formation moves. Unlike traditional contact based approach, this non-prehensile transportation strategy puts much less stringent requirement on robot synchronization and object dynamics prediction. This paper proposes a heuristic method for computing a caging formation of a given polygonal object. Existing caging computation is either for a fixed number of robots or assuming unlimited number of robots. Our goal is different. The user is allowed to choose how loosely the object may move in its cage. With the given level of looseness, the proposed method computes where the robots should be placed. We also present simulation results confirming the validity of the approach.
Öğretmen Yakınlığının Öğrencilerin Başarıları, Tutumları ve Güdülenme Düzeyleri Üzerindeki Etkisi

Bu arastirma, ilkogretim, ortaogretim ogretmenleri ve yuksekogretim duzeyindeki ogretim elemanlarinin yakinlik davranislari ile ogrencilerin basarilari, tutumlari ve gudulenme duzeyleri arasindaki iliskiyi incelemektedir. Arastirma toplam 1820 ogrenci uzerinde yurutulmustur. Ogrencilere, uc ayri ogretim duzeyi icin gelistirilen ogretmen yakinlik davranislari olcegi ile tutum ve gudulenme olcekleri uygulanmis, ayrica ders basarilarina iliskin notlari degerlendirilmistir. Arastirmanin sonuclari her uc duzeyde yakinlik davranislarinin orta duzeyde gosterildigini, ogrencilerin sozel derslerin ogretmenlerinin davranislarini sayisal derslerin ogretmenlerine gore daha yakin algiladiklarini, uc ogretim duzeyinde de ogretmen yakinliginin basari ile dusuk, tutum ve gudulenmeyle orta duzeyde iliskili oldugunu, yine ogretmen yakinliginin her uc ogretim duzeyinde de tutumlari ve gudulenmeyi yordadigini, algilanan ogretmen yakinliginin ogrenci cinsiyetine, sinif mevcuduna, ogretmenin cinsiyetine, pedagojik formasyonuna ve iletisim dersi alip almamasina gore farklilastigini gostermistir.
The Personal Life Of The Psychotherapist

Factors Leading to the Career Choice of Psychotherapist Training to Become a Psychotherapist Isolation in the Practice of Psychotherapy The Impact of Psychotherapeutic Practice upon Personal Relationships Significant Events in the Life of the Psychotherapist Impairment Among Psychotherapists Career Satisfaction and Burnout Future Trends in the Practice of Psychotherapy Closing Comments on a Career in Psychotherapy.
Structure and distribution of N‐cadherin in developing zebrafish embryos: Morphogenetic effects of ectopic over‐expression

N‐cadherin cDNA was cloned from a zebrafish embryonic cDNA library. Analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence of this moleoule (ZN‐eadherin) revealed a high degree of homology to N‐cadherins of other species, except that its pre‐sequence is considerably shorter. Nevertheless, following transfection into chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, the expressed protein was functionally active, namely participated in calcium‐dependent intercellular interactions. Moreover, ectopic over‐expression of ZN‐cad‐herin, following mRNA microinjection into 2–4 cell embryos, caused microaggregation and uneven segregation of deep cells, resulting in distorted embryos. Developmental Northern and Western blot analyses indicated that both the mRNA and the protein first appear at gastrulation. In‐situ hybridization showed that ZN‐cadherin mRNA was initially present in all deep cells, and later became restricted to various epithelial and neural tissues. Whole‐mount immunostaining indicated that while ZN‐cadherin was already present at 50% epiboly, it became associated with cell junctions only 4–5 h later. In developing somites ZN‐cadherin expression was prominent but transient. High levels of the protein were detected in epithelial somites and its expression was apparently down regulated concomitantly with the onset of myogenesis. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Venocentric Lesions: An MRI Marker of MS?

From the earliest descriptions of multiple sclerosis (MS), the venocentric characteristic of plaques was noted. Recently, numerous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have proposed this finding as a prospective biomarker for MS, which might aid in differentiating MS from other diseases with similar MRI findings. High-field MRI studies have shown that penetrating veins can be detected in most MS lesions using T2∗ weighted or susceptibility-weighted imaging. Future studies must address the feasibility of imaging such veins in a clinically practical context. The specificity of this biomarker has been studied only in a limited capacity. Results in microangiopathic lesions are conflicting, whereas asymptomatic white matter hyperintensities as well as lesions of neuromyelitis optica are less frequently venocentric compared to MS plaques. Prospective studies have shown that the presence of venocentric lesions at an early clinical presentation is highly predictive of future MS diagnosis. This is very promising, but work remains to be done to confirm or exclude lesions of common MS mimics, such as acute disseminate encephalomyelitis, as venocentric. A number of technical challenges must be addressed before the introduction of this technique as a complementary tool in current diagnostic procedures.