Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Distortion Rejecting Magneto-Inductive Three-Dimensional Localization (MagLoc)

Localization is a research area that, due to its overarching importance as an enabler for higher level services, has attracted a vast amount of research and commercial interest. For the most part, it can be claimed that GPS provides an unparalleled solution for outdoor tracking and navigation. However, the same cannot yet be said about positioning in GPS-denied or challenged environments, such as indoor environments, where obstructions such as floors and walls heavily attenuate or reflect high-frequency radio signals. This has led to a plethora of competing solutions targeted toward a particular application scenario, yielding a fragmented solution landscape. In this paper, we present a fresh approach to 3-D positioning based on the use of very low frequency (kHz) magneto-inductive (MI) fields. The most important property of MI positioning is that obstacles such as walls, floors, and people that heavily impact the performance of competing approaches are largely “transparent” to the quasi-static magnetic fields. MI has a number of challenges to robust operation that distort positions, including the presence of ferrous materials and sensitivity to user rotation. Through signal processing and sensor fusion across multiple system layers, we show how we can overcome these challenges. We showcase its highly accurate 3-D positioning in a number of environments, with positioning accuracy below 0.8 m even in heavily distorted areas.
Servant leadership and employee outcomes: the moderating role of subordinates’ motives

Drawing from implicit leadership theories we advance servant leadership theory by examining moderating mechanisms that explain under what conditions servant leader behaviours impact followers in organizations. Specifically, we focused on the moderating role of subordinates’ motivational orientations—prosocial values or impression management motives—in relationships between servant leadership behaviours and job satisfaction, as well as subordinate organizational citizenship behaviours (OCBs). Using time-lagged data collected from 192 supervisor-subordinate dyads, we found that servant leadership was positively associated with employees’ job satisfaction, but not significantly related to their performance of OCBs. We also found evidence that subordinates’ motives moderate the relationships between servant leadership and outcomes. Specifically, employees high on impression management experienced lower levels of job satisfaction than their lower scoring counterparts. Our findings suggest that servant leadership may not be equally beneficial for all followers. We discuss implications for theory and practice.
Macroeconomic Effects of Financial Shocks ∗ Urban

In this paper we document the cyclical properties of U.S. firms’ financial flows. Equity payouts are procyclical and debt payouts are countercyclical. We develop a model with explicit roles for debt and equity financing and explore how the observed dynamics of real and financial variables are affected by ‘financial shocks’, that is, shocks that affect the firms’ capacity to borrow. Standard productivity shocks can only partially explain the movements in real and financial variables. The addition of financial shocks brings the model much closer to the data. The recent events in the financial sector show up clearly in our model as a tightening of firms’ financing conditions causing the GDP decline in 2008-09. Our analysis also suggests that the downturns in 1990-91 and 2001 were strongly influenced by changes in credit conditions. ∗We would like to thank Pietro Reichlin for a helpful discussion and seminar participants at Bank of Italy, CEMFI in Madrid, CERGE in Prague, ITAM in Mexico, Kansas City Fed, National Bank of Belgium, New York Fed, 2009 SED meeting in Istanbul, University of Alicante, University of Porto, University of Virginia and Wharton School. Some material in this paper was previously incorporated in the companion paper “Financial Innovations and Macroeconomic Volatility”.
Novel molecular changes induced by Nrg1 hypomorphism and Nrg1-cannabinoid interaction in adolescence: a hippocampal proteomic study in mice

Neuregulin 1 (NRG1) is linked to an increased risk of developing schizophrenia and cannabis dependence. Mice that are hypomorphic for Nrg1 (Nrg1 HET mice) display schizophrenia-relevant behavioral phenotypes and aberrant expression of serotonin and glutamate receptors. Nrg1 HET mice also display idiosyncratic responses to the main psychoactive constituent of cannabis, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). To gain traction on the molecular pathways disrupted by Nrg1 hypomorphism and Nrg1-cannabinoid interactions we conducted a proteomic study. Adolescent wildtype (WT) and Nrg1 HET mice were exposed to repeated injections of vehicle or THC and their hippocampi were submitted to 2D gel proteomics. Comparison of WT and Nrg1 HET mice identified proteins linked to molecular changes in schizophrenia that have not been previously associated with Nrg1. These proteins are involved in vesicular release of neurotransmitters such as SNARE proteins; enzymes impacting serotonergic neurotransmission, and proteins affecting growth factor expression. Nrg1 HET mice treated with THC expressed a distinct protein expression signature compared to WT mice. Replicating prior findings, THC caused proteomic changes in WT mice suggestive of greater oxidative stress and neurodegeneration. We have previously observed that THC selectively increased hippocampal NMDA receptor binding of adolescent Nrg1 HET mice. Here we observed outcomes consistent with heightened NMDA-mediated glutamatergic neurotransmission. This included differential expression of proteins involved in NMDA receptor trafficking to the synaptic membrane; lipid raft stabilization of synaptic NMDA receptors; and homeostatic responses to dampen excitotoxicity. These findings uncover novel proteins altered in response to Nrg1 hypomorphism and Nrg1-cannabinoid interactions that improves our molecular understanding of Nrg1 signaling and Nrg1-mediated genetic vulnerability to the neurobehavioral effects of cannabinoids.
Complex of plastocyanin and cytochrome c characterized by NMR chemical shift analysis.

The complexes of horse ferrous and ferric cytochrome c with Cd-substituted pea plastocyanin have been characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, in order to determine the binding sites and to study the effects of complex formation. Reproducible, small chemical shift changes (0.005-0.05 ppm) were observed for protons in both proteins upon formation of a 1:1 complex. The chemical shift changes depended on the ratio of free to bound protein, with a binding constant of 1.0 +/- 0.5 x 10(5) M(-1), indicating that they were caused by complex formation and that free and bound proteins were in fast exchange. Two-dimensional spectra of the complex of ferrocytochrome c and plastocyanin were screened systematically for chemical shift changes. For about 760 protons, or 70% of the assigned protons in the two proteins, the chemical shift in the complex could be established. In plastocyanin and cytochrome c 14% and 17% of the protons, respectively, showed a significant chemical shift change. These protons form two groups. The first consists of a limited number of surface-exposed side-chain protons. These map on the so-called east side of plastocyanin and the front side of cytochrome c. This group of chemical shift changes is interpreted as representing direct effects of binding, and the respective surfaces thus represent the binding sites. The second group includes backbone amide protons and a few aliphatic and aromatic protons in the hydrophobic core of each protein. The chemical shift changes of this group are interpreted as secondary, i.e., caused by very small structural changes which are transmitted deep into the core of the protein. Ferric cytochrome c caused the same chemical shift effects in plastocyanin as the ferrous form; no intermolecular paramagnetic effects were observed. The small size of the chemical shifts and the absence of intermolecular paramagnetic shifts and NOEs suggest that the complex consists of a dynamic ensemble of structures which are in fast exchange, rather than a single static complex. This study shows that small, reproducible chemical shifts can be used effectively to characterize protein complexes in detail.
High-Performance Light-Erasable Memory and Real-Time Ultraviolet Detector Based on Unannealed Indium–Gallium–Zinc–Oxide Thin-Film Transistor

A light-erasable memory and a real-time ultraviolet (UV) detector were developed from an amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide (IGZO) thin-film transistor fabricated at room temperature without post-annealing. The natural defects within the IGZO or at the dielectric interface serve as electron traps to support a writing operation (switching down the channel conductance). A negative gate bias accompanied by UV illumination performs an erasing operation (switching up the channel conductance). After the writing/erasing of the proposed memory, an on/off ratio greater than 104 was maintained for a testing duration of 10 000 s. A real-time UV detector was also developed, and a light/dark ratio of roughly 104 was demonstrated.
Programming: factors that influence success

This paper documents a study, carried out in the academic year 2003-2004, on fifteen factors that may influence performance on a first year object-oriented programming module. The factors included prior academic experience, prior computer experience, self-perception of programming performance and comfort level on the module and specific cognitive skills. The study found that a student's perception of their understanding of the module had the strongest correlation with programming performance, r=0.76, p‹0.01. In addition, Leaving Certificate (LC) mathematics and science scores were shown to have a strong correlation with performance. A regression module, based upon a student's perception of their understanding of the module, gender, LC mathematics score and comfort level was able to account for 79% of the variance in programming performance results.
Quetiapine adjunct to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or venlafaxine in patients with major depression, comorbid anxiety, and residual depressive symptoms: a randomized, placebo‐controlled pilot study

This double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study examined the efficacy and tolerability of quetiapine in combination with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)/venlafaxine in 58 patients with major depressive disorder, comorbid anxiety symptoms (HAM‐A‐14 score ≥14), and residual depressive symptoms (HAM‐D‐17 score ≥18, CGI‐S score ≥4). Patients had received an SSRI/venlafaxine (at a predefined therapeutic dose) for ≥6 weeks. Overall, 62% (18/29) of quetiapine‐ and 55% (16/29) of placebo‐treated patients completed the study. The mean change in HAM‐D and HAM‐A total scores from baseline to Week 8 (primary endpoint) was significantly greater with quetiapine (mean dose 182 mg/day) than placebo: −11.2 vs. −5.5 (P=.008) and −12.5 vs. −5.9 (P=.002), respectively. The onset of quetiapine efficacy (HAM‐D/HAM‐A/CGI‐I) was rapid (by Week 1) and continued through to Week 8. Significant differences (P<.05) from baseline to Week 8 were observed between groups in 7/17 HAM‐D (including feelings of guilt, suicide) and 6/14 HAM‐A items (including tension, cardiovascular symptoms). Response (≥50% decrease in total score) was higher for quetiapine than placebo: HAM‐D, 48% vs. 28% (not significant, NS); HAM‐A, 62% vs. 28% (P=.02). Remission (total score ≤7) was higher for quetiapine than placebo: HAM‐D, 31% vs. 17% (NS); HAM‐A, 41% vs. 17% (NS). CGI‐S, CGI‐I, and the Global Assessment Scale showed that quetiapine was significantly more effective than placebo. For quetiapine, adverse events (AEs) were similar to those previously observed; sedation/somnolence/lethargy was the most commonly reported. Here quetiapine was shown to be effective as augmentation of SSRI/venlafaxine therapy in patients with major depression, comorbid anxiety, and residual depressive symptoms, with no unexpected tolerability issues. Further studies are warranted. Depression and Anxiety 24:487–494, 2007. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Fast and Robust Object Detection in Household Environments Using Vocabulary Trees with SIFT Descriptors

In this paper we describe the ODUfinder, a novel perception system for autonomous service robots acting in human living environments. The perception system enables robots to detect and recognize large sets of textured objects of daily use. Efficiency, robustness, and a high detection rate are achieved through the combination of modern text retrieval methods that are successfully used for indexing huge sets of web pages and state-of-the-art robot vision methods for object recognition. The result is a robot object detection and recognition system that, with an accuracy rate of more than 80%, can recognize thousands of objects by learning and using vocabulary trees of SIFT descriptors.
Surface structures of rutile TiO2(114)

The surface structures of rutile TiO2(114) have been studied using a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Depending on the sample preparation, the surface exhibits many complicated local nanostructures, e.g., dot-like, missing row, row-like (1 × 3), and twin dotted (2 × 2) structures. After several cycles of sputtering and high-temperature annealing, all samples exhibit triangular pyramidal structure. Microfaceted structural models, which are composed of combinations of {111} and (001) microfacets, can explain all experimental results as well as the structural variety. The calculated STM images are in good agreement with the experimental results. The decreasing density of dangling bonds, the increasing coordination number, and the evolution of non-polar structures stabilize the surface energy, which results in the microfaceted reconstructions. The formation of various nanostructures and the surface stoichiometric changes are discussed.
The Origins and Significance of Pulsatility in Hormone Secretion from the Pituitary

In this review we first consider what information is carried by the activity of oxytocin cells. For these, as for many neuroendocrine neurones, synchronized bursting activity leading to pulsatile secretion is particularly important, and we consider possible mechanisms by which bursting may arise, and the role of intrinsic cell properties. Vasopressin cells also show a type of bursting behaviour, but their activity is not synchronized. We show how the behaviour of vasopressin cells fits a very simple dynamical systems model. Even structurally simple dynamical systems models can be computationally complex, with a rich repertoire of behaviour, and we show how the vasopressin cell model can be adapted and expanded to model the LHRH pulse generator network, and how the pituitary responsiveness to hypothalamic releasing factors may also be modelled with a different class of dynamical systems model.
Can We Predict Depression in COPD?

The course of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is often complicated by multiple systemic co-morbidities (1). Depression, one of these co-morbidities, is often undiagnosed and undertreated. The Word Health Organization Burden of Disease survey estimated that by the year 2020, major depression will rank the second and COPD will rank the sixth cause of disability in the world (2). While the point prevalence of depression in a primary care population ranges from 5 to 9%, its prevalence as a major co-morbidity in chronic diseases such as COPD is much higher (3). In fact, recent studies report prevalence rates of depressive symptoms in patients with COPD ranging between 28 to 42% (4–7). In a study examining the level of psychological distress, patients with COPD experienced significantly more psychological distress than the general population but significantly less than psychiatric outpatients. However, once patients with COPD reported depressive symptoms, the level of distress became similar to that seen in psychiatric outpatients (8). Depression magnifies the morbidity and worsens the functional and health status of patients with COPD. Most studies reveal that depressive disorders in patients with COPD are often associated with moderate to severe symptoms leading to a reduced functional capability of patients due to neurobiological impairment (9, 10). This increases the morbidity and cost of the disease. In one study, subjects with acute exacerbation of COPD who scored highest on a depression scale administered during the exacerbation visit had a higher relapse rate and therefore higher healthcare costs than subjects without depression (11). Multiple studies, using different quality of life instruments, have documented that health status in depressed patients with COPD is worse than in the general COPD population (12–17). In most of these studies, depression along with decreased physical functioning are identified as major contributors to the impaired health status. Moreover, while severe disease is typi-
The transition from university to publication: register and interactional metadiscourse features in immunology research written in Catalan and English

La habilidad para usar de forma adecuada el registro linguistico y las convenciones retoricas del articulo de investigacion es importante para lograr el exito academico y el desarrollo profesional en la carrera de los investigadores. Numerosos estudios se han centrado en articulos de investigacion a traves de diferentes disciplinas e interculturalmente. Sin embargo, pocas investigaciones se han ocupado del analisis de la escritura del trabajo de investigacion de estudiantes, desde una perspectiva de desarrollo y en un idioma diferente al ingles. Para llenar este vacio, se presenta un estudio longitudinal que tiene como objetivo caracterizar la transicion del registro academico y la funcion interaccional desde la universidad a la publicacion cientifica. El foco de la investigacion es doble: (1) se examina el registro academico por medio de la diversidad lexica, la complejidad sintactica y la densidad lexica, y (2) se examina y compara la distribucion de los marcadores de postura (stance) y afiliacion (engagement) a traves de los niveles universitario y publicaciones. Los datos (N = 16) proceden de Trabajos Finales de Master escritos en catalan (lengua romanica) y articulos publicados en Ingles, en la disciplina de la inmunologia, escritos por los mismos ocho sujetos. Las convenciones de escritura especificas para cada disciplina son un aspecto integral de la determinacion de la competencia de escritura. Los resultados generales sugieren que los estudiantes aun no han adquirido el dominio de escritura, ni en el registro academico ni en las interacciones escritor-lector.
A Biochemical Signature for Rapid Recall of Memory CD4 T Cells1

Mechanisms for the rapid recall response mediated by memory T cells remain unknown. In this study, we present a novel, multiparameter analysis of TCR-coupled signaling and function in resting and activated naive and memory CD4 T cells, revealing a biochemical basis for immunological recall. We identify a striking elevation in expression of the proximal tyrosine kinase Zap70 in resting Ag-specific and polyclonal mouse memory vs naive CD4 T cells that is stably maintained independent of protein synthesis. Elevated Zap70 protein levels control effector function as IFN-γ production occurs exclusively from the Zap70high fraction of activated T cells in vitro and in vivo, and specific down-modulation of Zap70 expression in memory CD4 T cells by small interfering RNA or protein inhibition significantly reduces rapid IFN-γ production. Downstream of Zap70, we show quantitative differences in distal phosphorylation associated with effector function in naive and memory subsets, with low accumulation of phosphorylation in memory T cells producing IFN-γ at early time points, contrasting extensive phosphorylation associated with IFN-γ production following sustained activation of naive T cells. Our results reveal a novel biochemical signature imparted to memory CD4 T cells enabling efficacious responses through increased Zap70 expression and reduced accumulation of downstream signaling events.
Bolstering the Preparation of School Counselor–Principal Teams for Work with LGBT Youth: Recommendations for Preparation Programs

This article outlines the role of counselor educators to assist school counselors-in-training in developing effective working relationships with school principals regarding lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) topics in K-12 settings. The author provides a rationale for implementing the school counselor–principal alliance in the preparation program, where future school counselors and principal trainees can work across programs and collaboratively address ways to strengthen each other's future roles as effective decision makers that promote success for LGBT students. Pedagogical recommendations for supporting and strengthening the school counselor-principal alliance within school counseling training programs are provided.
Tax Policies and Informality in South Africa

We use a micro-macro simulation model to evaluate the effects of labor income tax policies in South Africa. The country is characterized by a high unemployment rate while employment in the informal sector is relatively low. Our approach is based on the aggregation of the preferences of individuals who choose among (i) working in the formal sector,(ii) working in the informal sector, and (iii) not working. We quantify the effects of different tax policies on the individual's labor supply choices (formal/informal employment, work/leisure) and at the macro level (GDP, equilibrium wages, size of the informal sector, and unemployment rate). We further analyze the effects in terms of income distribution, poverty and inequality. We find that the introduction of a negative income tax system reduces inequality and poverty but, at the same time, discourages people from participating in the labor market and working in the formal sector and, consequently worsens the equitye efficiency trade-off. We find however that the equity-efficiency trade-off can be improved by introducing (i) a (revenue-neutral) tax system which combines a sufficiently high at rate (25%) and lump-sum transfer paid only to formal workers; (ii) an expansionary policy (a reduction in total taxes or an increase in public expenditures). Interestingly, even though they increase the informal sector, these reforms reduce inequality and poverty through a reduction in the level of unemployment.
Fluid and Electrolyte Requirements of Newborn Infants with Intestinal Obstruction

The findings in a consecutive series of 120 children of all ages treated with parenteral fluid therapy in support of major abdominal surgery have been reported (Young, McIntosh, Swain and Levin, 1959). The series included 23 newborn infants with intestinal obstruction. The plan of fluid therapy used was designed to replace initial deficits of water and electrolytes, to provide water, electrolytes and calories for maintenance