Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Outcomes Perspective of the Role of Residential Treatment in the System of Care

A variety of factors are putting great pressure on residential treatment centers to justify their role in the child serving system through evidence of impact on the lives of children, youth, and families. The present study describes the role of residential treatment from an outcomes perspective in a midsized state over the course of a 5 year period in which efforts were made to reduce out-of-community placements. The process of developing a system of care approach to the child serving system while matching children and youth needs to the use of residential treatment resulted in placing more challenging children and youth in these placements over time. The results of this process included an improvement in within-episode outcomes from residential treatment. A hinge analysis in which children and youth were described using a common assessment before and after placement in a range of treatments/programs helped explicate the role of residential treatment serving the most challenging children and youth successfully. The necessary length of stay for residential treatment from a clinical perspective depends greatly on the continued treatment options post-discharge.
Bcl-B Expression in Human Epithelial and Nonepithelial Malignancies

Purpose: Apoptosis plays an important role in neoplastic processes. Bcl-B is an antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family member, which is known to change its phenotype upon binding to Nur77/TR3. The expression pattern of this protein in human malignancies has not been reported. Experimental Design: We investigated Bcl-B expression in normal human tissues and several types of human epithelial and nonepithelial malignancy by immunohistochemistry, correlating results with tumor stage, histologic grade, and patient survival. Results: Bcl-B protein was strongly expressed in all normal plasma cells but found in only 18% of multiple myelomas (n = 133). Bcl-B immunostaining was also present in normal germinal center centroblasts and centrocytes and in approximately half of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (n = 48) specimens, whereas follicular lymphomas (n = 57) did not contain Bcl-B. In breast (n = 119), prostate (n = 66), gastric (n = 180), and colorectal (n = 106) adenocarcinomas, as well as in non–small cell lung cancers (n = 82), tumor-specific overexpression of Bcl-B was observed. Bcl-B expression was associated with variables of poor prognosis, such as high tumor grade in breast cancer (P = 0.009), microsatellite stability (P = 0.0002), and left-sided anatomic location (P = 0.02) of colorectal cancers, as well as with greater incidence of death from prostate cancer (P = 0.005) and shorter survival of patients with small cell lung cancer (P = 0.009). Conversely, although overexpressed in many gastric cancers, Bcl-B tended to correlate with better outcome (P = 0.01) and more differentiated tumor histology (P < 0.0001). Conclusions: Tumor-specific alterations in Bcl-B expression may define subsets of nonepithelial and epithelial neoplasms with distinct clinical behaviors.
A note on the duals of skew constacyclic codes

Let $\mathbb{F}_q$ be a finite field with $q$ elements and denote by $\theta : \mathbb{F}_q\to\mathbb{F}_q$ an automorphism of $\mathbb{F}_q$. In this paper, we deal with skew constacyclic codes, that is, linear codes of $\mathbb{F}_q^n$ which are invariant under the action of a semi-linear map $\Phi_{\alpha,\theta}:\mathbb{F}_q^n\to\mathbb{F}_q^n$, defined by $\Phi_{\alpha,\theta}(a_0,.,a_{n-2}, a_{n-1}):=(\alpha \theta(a_{n-1}),\theta(a_0),. ,\theta(a_{n-2}))$ for some $\alpha\in\mathbb{F}_q\setminus\{0\}$ and $n\geq 2$. In particular, we study some algebraic and geometric properties of their dual codes and we give some consequences and research results on $1$-generator skew quasi-twisted codes and on MDS skew constacyclic codes.
Hippocampal involvement in recollection but not familiarity across time: A prospective study

For medial temporal lobe (MTL) involvement in memory formation, it is as yet unclear whether the MTL represents a single or dual (recollection/familiarity) memory system. A further controversial issue is whether or not the hippocampus is critical for the familiarity component of recognition memory. The present prospective fMRI study aimed to investigate changes of MTL involvement in recollection and familiarity at three time points following new learning: immediately after encoding, after 3 weeks and after 6 weeks. Significant hippocampal activation was observed for recollection relative to correct rejection responses at all three intervals. In addition, a decrease of signal changes in the perirhinal cortex was observed for the familiarity versus correct rejection contrasts. These findings support the idea that the MTL is a dual memory system. They also indicate a lasting hippocampal involvement in the recollection component of recognition memory and a decrease of perirhinal cortex activation associated with familiarity for time periods up to 6 weeks after new learning. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Contingent constellations: African urban complexity seen through the workings of a Ghanaian bus station

In this article, I explore the intricate relationship between regulation and contingency in processes of urban economic organisation by focusing on the workings of a central bus station in Accra, Ghana. After introducing the position of the station in Ghana’s urban economy and transport infrastructure, I set out its internal regulative arrangements in relation to larger socio-economic and political constellations the practices of the station workers are contingent upon. Next, I turn the analysis around and describe the ways in which people accommodate themselves within, exploit and thereby co-produce emergent contingencies. The focus on the station, I suggest, offers a window into the complex constituents of niche economic practices that prevail in many spheres of African cities and allows a nuanced reflection on the incongruous and undetermined dynamics of everyday urban ‘becomings. ’
Co-infection of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale with Streptococcus zooepidemicus in Chickens

SUMMARY. An outbreak of bronchial embolization with 50%–70% morbidity and 30% mortality occurred in broilers in northeast China. This highly contagious disease is characterized by the sudden onset of clinical symptoms, including dyspnea, hemorrhagic tracheal discharge, and bronchial obstruction. Subsequently, six strains of Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale (ORT) and three strains of Streptococcus zooepidemicus were isolated from the various organs and identified using biochemical tests and PCR methods. The pathogenesis of embolization in chickens is poorly understood. The current experimental study confirmed that ORT infection alone could induce a significantly fatal hemorrhagic pneumonia and high mortality in comparison with S. zooepidemicus infection. Moreover, co-infection of ORT with S. zooepidemicus could induce even higher mortality, with severe bronchial obstruction, than that observed in chickens infected with S. zooepidemicus or ORT alone. Therefore, the combination of ORT and S. zooepidemicus may be associated with the outbreak of chicken bronchial embolization. Further investigation of the pathogenesis of ORT and Streptococcus is urgently needed.
Awareness of cervical cancer, Papanicolau's smear and its utilization among female, final year undergraduates in Durban, South Africa.

CONTEXT Cervical cancer is a preventable disease; it is the primary cancer amongst women in South Africa. AIMS The objective of this study is to assess the awareness and detection methods of cervical cancer. SETTINGS AND DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study conducted among 180 full time final year undergraduate female university students. MATERIALS AND METHODS A multistage sampling technique was used to select the sample and self administered questionnaire was used to collect the information. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Chi-square test and logistic regression were used to find association and the significant predictor for doing Pap smear test. RESULTS Over half (53.3%) of the participants had heard about cervical cancer and its detection method. More than half (60%) and over a third (37.8%) of the participants knew about human papilloma virus (HPV) and multiple sexual partner respectively as risk factors for cervical cancer. More than half (55.3%) indicated that they were not aware if cervical cancer can be prevented. Majority (76.7%) knew that Papanicolau's (Pap) smear test is used for detection or prevention of cervical cancer. Among those who were sexually active and knew about Pap smear test 79.3% did not do the test mainly because of personal factors such as fear of the procedure, or were not ill. CONCLUSIONS Level of awareness regarding cervical cancer and its detection method was low among these female students. The university management should focus on developing policies on health education and promotion to prevent transmission of the HPV.
Potential of advanced MR imaging techniques in the differential diagnosis of parkinsonism

The clinical differentiation of parkinsonian syndromes remains challenging not only for neurologists but also for movement disorder specialists. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) with the visual assessment of T2‐ and T1‐weighted imaging as well as different advanced MRI techniques offer objective measures, which may be a useful tool in the diagnostic work‐up of Parkinson's disease and atypical parkinsonian disorders (APDs). In clinical practice, cMRI is a well‐established method for the exclusion of symptomatic parkinsonism due to other pathologies. Over the past two decades, abnormalities in the basal ganglia and infratentorial structures have been shown especially in APDs not only by cMRI but also by different advanced MRI techniques, including methods to assess regional cerebral atrophy quantitatively such as magnetic resonance volumetry, proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy, diffusion‐weighted imaging, and magnetization transfer imaging. This article aims to review recent research findings on the role of advanced MRI techniques in the differential diagnosis of neurodegenerative parkinsonian disorders. © 2009 Movement Disorder Society
Mediator Complex Recruits Epigenetic Regulators via Its Two Cyclin-dependent Kinase Subunits to Repress Transcription of Immune Response Genes*

Background: Two CDK subunits of the Mediator complex play pivotal roles in transcription by a mechanism that has not yet been elucidated. Results: The histone arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 is a Mediator CDK-interacting protein. Conclusion: Mediator-associated PRMT5 symmetrically dimethylates histone H4 arginine 3, and this might cause transcriptional repression. Significance: This work enables further exploration of Mediator functions in transcriptional repression. The Mediator complex (Mediator) plays pivotal roles in activating transcription by RNA polymerase II, but relatively little is known about its roles in repression. Here, we identified the histone arginine methyltransferase PRMT5 and WD repeat protein 77/methylosome protein 50 (WDR77/MEP50) as Mediator cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK)-interacting proteins and studied the roles of PRMT5 in the transcriptional regulation of CCAAT enhancer-binding protein (C/EBP) β target genes. First, we purified CDK8- and CDK19-containing complexes from HeLa nuclear extracts and subjected these purified complexes to mass spectrometric analyses. These experiments revealed that two Mediator CDKs, CDK8 and CDK19, individually interact with PRMT5 and WDR77, and their interactions with PRMT5 cause transcriptional repression of C/EBPβ target genes by regulating symmetric dimethylation of histone H4 arginine 3 (H4R3me2s) in the promoter regions of those genes. Furthermore, the recruitment of the DNA methyltransferase DNMT3A correlated with H4R3 dimethylation potentially leading to DNA methylation at the promoter proximal region and tight inhibition of preinitiation complex formation. In vertebrates, C/EBPβ regulates many genes involved in immune responses and cell differentiation. These findings shed light on the molecular mechanisms of the repressive roles of Mediator CDKs in transcription of C/EBPβ target genes and might provide clues that enable future studies of the functional associations between Mediators and epigenetic regulation.
A Systems Approach to Rheumatoid Arthritis

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that primarily attacks synovial joints. Despite the advances in diagnosis and treatment of RA, novel molecular targets are still needed to improve the accuracy of diagnosis and the therapeutic outcomes. Here, we present a systems approach that can effectively 1) identify core RA-associated genes (RAGs), 2) reconstruct RA-perturbed networks, and 3) select potential targets for diagnosis and treatments of RA. By integrating multiple gene expression datasets previously reported, we first identified 983 core RAGs that show RA dominant differential expression, compared to osteoarthritis (OA), in the multiple datasets. Using the core RAGs, we then reconstructed RA-perturbed networks that delineate key RA associated cellular processes and transcriptional regulation. The networks revealed that synovial fibroblasts play major roles in defining RA-perturbed processes, anti-TNF-α therapy restored many RA-perturbed processes, and 19 transcription factors (TFs) have major contribution to deregulation of the core RAGs in the RA-perturbed networks. Finally, we selected a list of potential molecular targets that can act as metrics or modulators of the RA-perturbed networks. Therefore, these network models identify a panel of potential targets that will serve as an important resource for the discovery of therapeutic targets and diagnostic markers, as well as providing novel insights into RA pathogenesis.
Postremission sequential monitoring of minimal residual disease by WT1 Q‐PCR and multiparametric flow cytometry assessment predicts relapse and may help to address risk‐adapted therapy in acute myeloid leukemia patients

Risk stratification in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients using prognostic parameters at diagnosis is effective, but may be significantly improved by the use of on treatment parameters which better define the actual sensitivity to therapy in the single patient. Minimal residual disease (MRD) monitoring has been demonstrated crucial for the identification of AML patients at high risk of relapse, but the best method and timing of MRD detection are still discussed. Thus, we retrospectively analyzed 104 newly diagnosed AML patients, consecutively treated and monitored by quantitative polymerase chain reactions (Q‐PCR) on WT1 and by multiparametric flow cytometry (MFC) on leukemia‐associated immunophenotypes (LAIPs) at baseline, after induction, after 1st consolidation and after 1st intensification. By multivariate analysis, the factors independently associated with adverse relapse‐free survival (RFS) were: bone marrow (BM)‐WT1 ≥ 121/104 ABL copies (P = 0.02) and LAIP ≥ 0.2% (P = 0.0001) (after 1st consolidation) (RFS at the median follow up of 12.5 months: 51% vs. 82% [P < 0.0001] and 57% vs. 81%, respectively [P = 0.0003]) and PB‐WT1 ≥ 16/104 ABL copies (P = 0.0001) (after 1st intensification) (RFS 43% vs. 95% [P < 0.0001]) Our data confirm the benefits of sequential MRD monitoring with both Q‐PCR and MFC. If confirmed by further prospective trials, they may significantly improve the possibility of a risk‐adapted, postinduction therapy of AML.
Fixing fluency: Neurocognitive assessment of a dysfluent reading intervention

The ability to read is essential to attain society’s literacy demands. Unfortunately, a significant percentage of the population experiences major difficulties in mastering reading and spelling skills. Individuals diagnosed with developmental dyslexia are at severe risk for adverse academic, economic, and psychosocial consequences, thus requiring clinical intervention. To date, there is no effective remediation for the lack of reading fluency, which remains as the most persistent symptom in dyslexia. This thesis aims at identifying factors involved in the failure to develop a functional reading network as well as factors of treatment success in addressing the notorious ‘fluency barrier’ in dyslexia. The present work combines a theoretical framework of dyslexia based on the multisensory integration deficit with recent advances in our knowledge of the brain networks specialized for reading. This thesis uses a longitudinal design including both behavioral and neurophysiological measures in dyslexics at 3rd grade of school. Between measurements, we provide an intervention aimed at improving reading fluency by training automation of letter-speech sound mappings. The studies presented in this thesis contribute to our understanding of dyslexics’ deficits and their remediation.
Thermal titration: application of calorimetry to the study of plasma coagulation.

We studied the coagulation of plasma by thrombin with a titration calorimeter at 20 °C. When thrombin is added to plasma, three distinct alterations in the thermal pattern are seen. The precoagulation region is generally exothermic, although occasionally, with some plasmas, cooling is observed. The coagulation region is defined by a sharp exotherm, a plateau, and then a sharp endotherm. Postcoagulation is generally a long exothermic region, which is partially the result of frictional heat produced from the coagulum. Plasmas from five normal patients were assayed. The thrombin clotting times ranged from 33 to 48 s (SD, 3 s). After storage at -20 °C for 10 days, the plasma showed a decrease of about 8 s in the clotting time. Coagulation times were found to depend on both the fibrinogen concentration and the thrombin concentration in addition to other unknown factors. Fibrinogen content correlated roughly with the heat rise during coagulation. Heparin (final concentration, 0.25 units/ml) prevented coagulation for more than 15 min after the addition of 12.5 units of thrombin. Under normal conditions, 25 milliunits of heparin per milliliter doubled the clotting time. Coagulation of fibrinogen alone gave a different thermogram in that the coagulation region was prolonged and there was very little or no heat generated after the clot had formed.
Students’ Need for Structure—the Forgotten Learning Styles Preference

The need for structure has not been analyzed to any great extent even though previous research has shown its importance for students. The purpose of this study was therefore to identify, describe, and examine the need for structure among teachers and students as well as to understand students’ perceptions of this need. The theoretical framework is based on Dunns´ Learning Styles Model. Data were collected using the learning styles test, Productivity Environmental Preference Survey (PEPS), (n=525) and students’) essays (n=35) on study strategies wherein the concept of need for structure was analyzed. The study found that a) there is a great need for structure among students (54%–68%), b) there is a statistically significant difference between students and teachers (p = 0.001), and c) there are qualitative changes in students’ perceptions of the content concept high preferences for structure. They were divided into the five following categories: need from outside, personality traits, ask for help, make own structure, and consequences. The results indicate the need for enhanced educational strategies and in-depth didactic discussion on the practical educational activities relating to structure and the importance of students themselves to create awareness of the need for structure to become more autonomous.
Fatal aluminum phosphide poisoning in Tehran-Iran from 2007 to 2010.

BACKGROUND Aluminum phosphide (AlP) is also known as "rice tablet" in Iran. Due to the high incidence of acute AlP poisoning and its associated mortality in Iran, the authorities banned AlP-containing tablets in 2007. The aim of this study is to evaluate the trend of acute fatal AlP poisoning subsequent to this restriction. MATERIALS AND METHODS 0 This is a retrospective chart review of patients with acute "rice tablet" poisoning who were admitted to Loghman Hakim Hospital Poison Center, Tehran, Iran, from 2007 to 2010. Collected information included gender, age, type of poisoning, marital status, duration of hospitalization, and outcome. RESULTS There were 956 cases with a mortality rate of 24.06%. The incidence of fatal AlP poisoning was 2.1 and 5.81 per one million populations of Tehran in 2007 and 2010, respectively. In 223 of the fatal cases (97%) and 697 of the non-fatal cases (96%), the poisoning was intentional. The male to female ratio in the fatal and non-fatal cases was 1.04:1 and 1:1.3, respectively. Most of the fatal cases (n = 122, 53%) were unmarried. The mean age was 27.32 ± 11.31 and 24.5 ± 8.19 years in fatal and non-fatal cases, respectively. In 196 (85.2%) of the fatal cases and in 577 (79%) of non-fatal cases, the duration of hospitalization was less than 24 hours and between 48-72 hours, respectively. CONCLUSION The results of this study showed the incidence of "rice tablet" poisoning, and its mortality increased since 2007 in spite of the ban. It seems that legislative means alone without other interventions, such as suicide prevention and public education, will not always be able to control or prevent acute intentional poisonings.
Issues in Information Systems

As the size and complexity of cyber threats continue to grow, the protection and management of data, information, and knowledge has become critical to the survival of modern organizations. This paper briefly reviews the history of knowledge management and the evolution of information security through the development of several information security culture frameworks (ISCF). It concludes with a new model illustrating how organizational culture needs to evolve towards a culture of a cybersecurity community of the 21st Century.
Managing Earnings with Intercorporate Investments 1

We explore to what extent Norwegian firms deliberately distort their financial reports by ignoring generally accepted accounting principles. Using a sample of all Oslo Stock Exchangelisted firms from 1984–1994 with 20–50% equity holdings in other firms, we find that firms with high financial leverage tend to maximize reported earnings from these investments through their choice between the cost method and the equity method, possibly in an attempt to reduce debt renegotiation costs or to avoid regulatory attention. In contrast, managers do not systematically bias reported earnings to extract private benefits or to signal revised expectations about future cash flows. We find that firms use different earnings management tools in a consistent way, as the earnings effect of the cost/equity choice is not offset by discretionary accruals. JEL Classification: G38, K4, M41.