Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do inputs matter? using data-dependence profiling to evaluate thread level speculation in BG/Q

Figure 1 shows the performance of three parallel versions (auto-SIMDized, auto-SIMDized+auto-OpenMP by bgxlc r and auto-SIMDized+auto-OpenMP+speculatively parallelized by an automatic speculative parallelization framework developed) of the SPEC2006 and PolyBench/C benchmarks. The speculative loops in lbm have 98% coverage that accounts for the speedup while in bzip2(35%) and dynprog (26%), the poor coverage of speculative loops introduces overhead. h264ref has the highest number of loops speculatively parallelized (47) but most of them have function calls that introduce dependences, thus causing slowdown (only 12% of speculative threads successfully committed). Filtering speculative execution of loops with non-side-effect-free function calls tackles the mispeculation overhead. cholesky and dynprog experience L1 cache misses due to LR mode(12% and 10% respectively) while jacobi and seidel experience huge dynamic path length increase (112% and 123% respectively over sequential).
Exploring Possible Effects of Changes in Capital Structure on the Market Value of Oil and Gas Companies

This paper aims to test the effect of changes in capital structure on the market value of oil and gas companies. Tests are performed in order to see if changes in capital structure affect market value. These tests are performed on three dimensions: over the long-term (the 10 year period between 1998-2007); the short-term (for one year – 2006); and for announcements of changes in capital structure. The findings of the long-term test show no significant relationship between changes in capital structure and changes in market value. However, the short-term and announcement tests show a generally positive relationship between changes in capital structure and changes in a company’s market value. This paper is one of the few to combine long-term and short-term tests to study the effect of changes in capital structure on oil companies` market value. Indeed, it is one of only a handful of papers which examine the capital structure of oil companies.
Fremanezumab as a preventive treatment for episodic and chronic migraine

ABSTRACT Introduction: The importance of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in migraine pathogenesis is well established. Fremanezumab is a humanized IgG2a monoclonal antibody that binds to CGRP. Areas covered: In this paper, we review the development of fremanezumab, from early development into approval. The authors focus on the efficacy and safety of fremanezumab in both migraine stages. The authors highlight studies conducted in special populations and focus on unique aspects of its development, as well as on clinical pearls supported by the data. Expert opinion: Fremanezumab was shown to be effective in episodic and chronic migraine, with a monthly and quarterly dose of administration, as monotherapy and add-on therapy. As with other monoclonal antibodies, the anti-CGRP onset of action was remarkably quick, and the effect seems to be maintained over time. No overt safety concerns emerged from the clinical studies, although long-term surveillance is necessary.
A proteomics analysis reveals that A2M might be regulated by STAT3 in persistent allergic rhinitis

Proteomics tools can be used to identify the differentially expressed proteins related to allergic rhinitis (AR). However, the large numbers of proteins related to AR have not yet been explored using an advanced quantitative proteomics approach, known as isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ).
In Silico Methods for Development of Generic Drug–Device Combination Orally Inhaled Drug Products

The development of generic, single‐entity, drug–device combination products for orally inhaled drug products is challenging in part because of the complex nature of device design characteristics and the difficulties associated with establishing bioequivalence for a locally acting drug product delivered to the site of action in the lung. This review examines in silico models that may be used to support the development of generic orally inhaled drug products and how model credibility may be assessed.
Lesions of the Medial Geniculate Nuclei Specifically Block Corticosterone Release and Induction of c-fos mRNA in the Forebrain Associated with Audiogenic Stress in Rats

Audiogenic stress is known to activate the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis in rats. The goal of the present study was to determine whether the medial geniculate nuclei (including all auditory nuclei of the thalamus), which are obligatory relays in the transmission of auditory information to the forebrain, are critically involved in HPA activation by audiogenic stress. To this end, corticosterone levels and regional brain activity indexed by c-fos mRNA induction, elicited by 30 min of 105 dB white noise, were measured. Compared with unoperated and sham-operated rats, complete medial geniculate nuclei lesions blocked corticosterone release normally induced by loud noise. The effects of the lesions were specific to loud noise insofar as corticosterone release in response to restraint or ether stress was not reduced in lesioned rats. We have determined previously that audiogenic stress is associated with a specific regional pattern of c-fos mRNA induction. Rats sustaining complete medial geniculate lesions demonstrated a blockade of c-fos mRNA induction in several audiogenic stress responsive regions, also known to directly innervate medial parvocellular neurons of the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus. Thus, in addition to blockade in the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus, c-fos mRNA induction in the lesioned animals was abolished in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, especially its anterior medial and ventral aspects, the septohypothalamic nucleus, and the anteroventral preoptic area, compared with unoperated and sham-operated rats. Several additional regions in the lesioned rats failed to show reliable c-fos mRNA induction compared with naive rat controls. Nearly all other regions that showed reliable c-fos mRNA induction in the unoperated and sham-operated rats displayed either similar or slightly reduced levels in complete medial geniculate-lesioned rats, suggesting that these regions are not part of a critical HPA activational circuit in response to audiogenic stress. On the basis of these results, putative circuits from the medial geniculate nuclei to the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus involved in activation of the HPA axis by audiogenic stress are discussed.
A valve-like mechanism controls desensitization of functional mammalian isoforms of acid-sensing ion channels

ASICs are proton-gated sodium channels expressed in neurons. Structures of chicken ASIC1 in three conformations have advanced understanding of proton-mediated gating; however, a molecular mechanism describing desensitization from open and pre-open states (steady-state desensitization or SSD) remains elusive. A distinct feature of the desensitized state is an 180o rotation of residues L415 and N416 in the β11- β12 linker that was proposed to mediate desensitization; whether and how it translates into desensitization has not been explored yet. Using electrophysiological measurements of injected Xenopus oocytes, we show that Q276 in β9 strand works with L415 and N416 to mediate both types of desensitization in ASIC1a, ASIC2a and ASIC3. Q276 functions as a valve that enables or restricts rotation of L415 and N416 to keep the linker compressed, its relaxation lengthens openings and leads to sustained currents. At low proton concentrations, the proposed mechanism working in only one of three subunits of the channel is sufficient to induce SSD.
Randomized Controlled Trial of a Facilitated Online Positive Emotion Regulation Intervention for Dementia Caregivers

Objective: To test the effects of Life Enhancing Activities for Family Caregivers (LEAF), a 6-week positive emotion regulation intervention, on outcomes of positive emotion, depression, anxiety, and physical health as measured by the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System® (PROMIS®). Method: A randomized controlled trial (N = 170) comparing LEAF (N = 86) to an emotion reporting/waitlist condition (N = 84) in dementia caregivers. LEAF was individually delivered online by trained facilitators. Participants in the control condition completed daily online emotion reports and then crossed over into the intervention condition after 6 weeks. The study was registered with Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01825681) and funded by R01NR014435. Results: Analyses of difference in change from baseline to 6 weeks demonstrated significantly greater decreases in PROMIS® depression (d = −.25; p = .02) and Quality of Life in Neurological Disorders (NeuroQOL) anxiety (d = −.33; p < .01), as well as improvements in PROMIS® physical health (d = .24; p = .02) in the intervention condition compared to the emotion reporting/waitlist control. The intervention also showed greater improvements in positive emotion (d = .58; p < .01) and positive aspects of caregiving (d = .36; p < .01). Increases in positive emotion significantly mediated the effect of LEAF on depression over time. Conclusions: This randomized controlled trial of the online-facilitated positive emotion regulation intervention in dementia caregivers demonstrated small to medium effect sizes on caregiver well-being and shows promise for remotely delivered programs to improve psychological well-being in caregivers of people with dementia and other chronic illnesses.
Depletion of Myo/Nog Cells in the Lens Mitigates Posterior Capsule Opacification in Rabbits.

Purpose Posterior capsule opacification (PCO) is a vision-impairing disease that occurs in some adults and most children after cataract surgery. Contractile myofibroblasts contribute to PCO by producing wrinkles in the lens capsule that scatter light. Myofibroblasts in the lens originate from Myo/Nog cells named for their expression of the MyoD transcription factor and bone morphogenetic protein inhibitor noggin. In this study we tested the effects of depleting Myo/Nog cells on development of PCO. Methods Myo/Nog cells were eliminated by injecting the G8 antibody conjugated to 3DNA nanocarriers for the cytotoxin doxorubicin (G8:3DNA:Dox) during cataract surgery in rabbits. The severity of PCO was scored by slit lamp analysis, gross and histologic observation, and immunofluorescence localization of α-smooth muscle actin. Results G8:3DNA:Dox specifically induced cell death in Myo/Nog cells in the lens. None of the lenses administered G8:3DNA containing 9 to 36 μM doxorubicin developed greater than trace levels of central PCO and few myofibroblasts were present on the capsule. Less than 9% of these lenses exhibited greater than mild levels of peripheral PCO. Doxorubucin itself reduced PCO; however, myofibroblasts and wrinkles were abundant in the lens, and off-target effects were observed in the ciliary processes and cornea. Conclusions Myo/Nog cells are the primary source of myofibroblasts in the lens after cataract surgery. Targeted depletion of Myo/Nog cells has potential for preventing PCO and preserving vision.
Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes: A Promising Biomarker in Breast Cancer

There is clear evidence that the immune system plays an essential role in tumor defense. By determining tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), the individual immunological response becomes more apparent and measurable. In breast cancer, high levels of TILs are associated with a more favorable clinical course. In this review, we describe how TILs are determined with emphasis on daily routine diagnostics. We further discuss their impact as a prognostic and predictive biomarker in the neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy setting as well as in residual disease. We also discuss their potential future implications on further stratifying prognostic subgroups of breast cancer, thereby possibly influencing future therapy considerations.
Performability analysis of I/O bound application on container-based server virtualization cluster

Use of server virtualization for providing applications produces overloads that degrade the performance of provided systems. The use of container-based virtualization enabled a narrowing of this overload. On this work, we go a step forward and demonstrate how a broad tuning combination of several performance factors concerning to web cache server - the I/O bound application analysed - to file system and to operating system, led to a higher performance of proposed cluster, when it is executed on a container-based operating system virtualization environment. Availability and performance similarity of web cache service, under non-virtualized and virtualized systems, were evaluated when submitted to proposed web workload. Results reveal that web cache service provided under virtual environment, without unresponsiveness fails due to overload, i. e. , with high availability, presents a 6% higher hit ratio and a 21.4% lower response time than those observed on non-virtualized environments.
Treatment of ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy by buqihuoxue formula combined with methycobal

Tuberculosis is a common infectious disease in respiratory tract and frequently managed by ethambutol, which, however, can lead to toxic optic neuropathy under long-term therapy. Currently, the effective treatment for such complication is still lacked. This study aimed to investigate the treatment efficacy of combined therapy using both tradition Chinese medicine and drugs in treating such ethambutol-induced optic neuropathy (EON). A total of 38 patients diagnosed as toxic optic neuropathy after treating tuberculosis with ethambutol were recruited, and were sub-divided into combined therapy (Buqihuoxue Formula + Methycobal) and methycobal group. Vision was examined by Sellen’s table, whilst color vision and fields were measured by Farnsworth-Munsell 100-Hue test and Humphrey 750i model, respectively. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) was performed to measure the thickness of retinal neural fiber layer. No significant difference existed in basic indexes between combined therapy and methycobal groups, whilst combined therapy had better efficacy. BCVA was elevated in all treatment groups, in which combined therapy had better efficacy. Methycobal and combined groups all significantly improved color vision, vision field and thickness of retinal fiber layer. Buqihuoxue formula, when combined with methycobal, had better efficacy in treating EON than single treatment.
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and ADHD

Objective: This study investigated the association between mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and ADHD, which increases risk of injuries and accidents. Method: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that examined the relationship between mTBI and ADHD. Results: Five studies, comprising 3,023 mTBI patients and 9,716 controls, fit our a priori inclusion and exclusion criteria. A meta-analysis found a significant association between ADHD and mTBI, which was significant when limited to studies that reported on ADHD subsequent to mTBI and when the direction of the association was not specified, but not for studies that reported mTBI subsequent to ADHD. Heterogeneity of effect size and publication biases were not evident. Conclusion: The literature documents a significant association between mTBI and ADHD. Further clarification of the relationship and direction of effect between mTBI and ADHD and treatment implications could have large clinical, scientific, and public health implications.
Interactive comment on “ Crustal Thickness of Antarctica estimated using data from gravimetric satellites ” by Muriel Llubes

This paper attempts to reconstruct the thickness of the Antarctic crust from a new satellite gravity map, which it then compares to a couple of published models. It concluded the CRUST1.0 model performs better than a recent seismic compilation (An, 2015). It has several problems, some of which stem from the poor documentation of CRUST1.0. The techniques are not original, and while the input dataset is improved on previous version, to have confidence in the work more assessment is needed (eg a comparison with receiver functions, and addressing non-isostatic support of topography).
Maximum Proton Energy above 85 MeV from the Relativistic Interaction of Laser Pulses with Micrometer Thick CH_{2} Targets.

We present a study of laser-driven ion acceleration with micrometer and submicrometer thick plastic targets. Using laser pulses with high temporal contrast and an intensity of the order of 10^{20} W/cm^{2} we observe proton beams with cutoff energies in excess of 85 MeV and particle numbers of 10^{9} in an energy bin of 1 MeV around this maximum. We show that applying the target normal sheath acceleration mechanism with submicrometer thick targets is a very robust way to achieve such high ion energies and particle fluxes. Our results are backed with 2D particle in cell simulations furthermore predicting cutoff energies above 200 MeV for acceleration based on relativistic transparency. This predicted regime can be probed after a few technically feasible adjustments of the laser and target parameters.
Manning Up and Womaning Down: How Husbands and Wives Report Earnings When She Earns More

To infer social preferences regarding the relative earnings of spouses, we use measurement error in the earnings reported for married couples in the Current Population Survey. We compare the earnings reported for husbands and wives in the survey with their “true” earnings as reported by their employers to tax authorities. Compared with couples where the wife earns just less than the husband, those where she earns just more are 15.9 percentage points more likely to under-report her relative earnings. This pattern reflects the reporting behavior of both husbands and wives and is consistent with a norm that husbands out-earn their wives.
A Fully Integrated Reconfigurable Self-Startup RF Energy-Harvesting System With Storage Capability

This paper introduces a fully integrated RF energy-harvesting system. The system can simultaneously deliver the current demanded by external dc loads and store the extra energy in external capacitors, during periods of extra output power. The design is fabricated in 0.18- $\mu \text{m}$ CMOS technology, and the active chip area is 1.08 mm2. The proposed self-startup system is reconfigurable with an integrated LC matching network, an RF rectifier, and a power management/controller unit, which consumes 66–157 nW. The required clock generation and the voltage reference circuit are integrated on the same chip. Duty cycle control is used to operate for the low input power that cannot provide the demanded output power. Moreover, the number of stages of the RF rectifier is reconfigurable to increase the efficiency of the available output power. For high available power, a secondary path is activated to charge an external energy storage element. The measured RF input power sensitivity is −14.8 dBm at a 1-V dc output.
Simple design algorithms for interconnected bus networks

Simple strategies are analyzed for the layout of networks of interconnected buses. The networks considered have topologies of a square grid and a mesh of cubes of buses. These regular topologies have properties that are desirable for very large high-speed networks. The objective of the design strategies is to minimize the maximum bus length. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the algorithms, it is shown that if there are a large number of communication nodes placed randomly on the unit square then the strategies produce, with high probability, layouts that have maximum bus lengths of at most a constant factor of the minimum. <<ETX>>
Where Power Resides in Committees

We investigate the effects of voting power in a committee in which one member (the chairman) holds, on top of a regular vote, also the power to break ties. The chairman is able to induce her preferred outcome much more often than predicted by theory, but only partially because of exercising tie-breaking power directly. The advantage of the chairman is largely determined by the limited strategic sophistication of committee members.
Nutritional suitability of bred sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) accessions from East Africa

In many semi-arid and tropical areas of the world especially in sub Saharan Africa, sorghum is a staple food grain and has great potential to be used in various industries. Thirty sorghum highland and open pollinated varieties were analysed for their biochemical and physiological characteristic to determine their industrial suitability and breeding impacts. The results show that sorghum varieties have the capability to be used for different industries and can be good alternatives to other cereal varieties. Majority of the varieties like Ainamoi #1, Siaya # 24-2, Kipkelion # 2, Kipkelion # 1, Nyangezi, Uasin Gishu #1 and Uasin Gishu #2 with high starch and amylopectin contents also recorded high tannin contents and vice versa. Hybrids are bred to give low tannins, but unfortunately this also affects their starch amounts and in the long run, decreases the suitability of sorghum for industrial and domestic use. In addition, there was a significant correlation between yielding ability and plant height. Key words: Breeding, industrial suitability, biochemical characteristics.
Assessment of Dietary Intake Among Moroccan Women and Surinam Men

Objective. To establish a method for food consumption data collection in ethnic groups in the Netherlands. Methods. Two pilot studies have been carried out, one among Moroccan women and one among Surinam men. First, focus group discussions were held to obtain background information from members of the target population. For food consumption assessment 2 2 24-h recall was chosen. Furthermore, background information on age, place of birth, frequency of visits to Morocco or Surinam, Dutch language skills, meal pattern, food purchases and antropometric measurements were taken. Results. It was found that the diets of both Moroccan women and Surinam men tended to approach the recommended daily intake of macronutrients more than the average intake of a Dutch person. However, reported energy and micronutrient intake on the second day of the dietary recall was lower than on the first recall day. Conclusion. The 24-h recall is a suitable method for food consumption measurements among Moroccan and Surinam people. On the other hand, the interviewer must be aware of potential under-reporting, especially during the second recall.
Is Happiness Contagious Online? A Case of Twitter and the 2010 Winter Olympics

Is happiness contagious online? To answer this question, this paper investigates the posting behavior of users on Twitter.com, a popular online service for sharing short messages. Specifically, we use automated sentiment analysis to study a large sample of over 46,000 Twitter messages that reference the 2010 Winter Olympics. We determined that there are more positive messages than negative, and that positive messages are more likely to be forwarded than negative messages. However, we were not able to confirm with a reliable degree of certainty that the emotional context of messages is directly related to the user's position in the Twitter network. It is likely that there are other factors involved as well. For example, we found that negative users were more prolific posters than positive users, suggesting their more argumentative and passionate nature. This paper concludes with some implications for the Twitter community and a description of our follow-up study.