Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Validation in the reconstruction, with counsellors, of beliefs that clients hold about their sexual assault experiences: a personal construct model

People who have been sexually assaulted or abused will later be influenced not so much by the event itself but by their interpretations of it. This research proposed that when clients disclose their experiences of sexual assault to a counsellor, the resulting validation or invalidation of different foci of their beliefs about the assault and about themselves will affect the likelihood of their beginning to reconstruct their unhelpful beliefs about their experiences, and to move in the direction of optimal functioning. Forty-one participants were interviewed about their experiences of disclosing sexual assault to a counsellor. A personal construct model was developed to account for the role of validation in clients’ reconstructions of their unhelpful beliefs arising from their sexual assault experiences, and was tested using both qualitative and quantitative research methods. The findings did not wholly support the proposed model. As predicted, invalidation of clients’ beliefs about their assault experiences, and validation of their meaning-making processes, were found to be integral to enhancing reconstruction of their beliefs. One foci of the model was not upheld. Contrary to the prediction, invalidation of clients’ beliefs about themselves was found to be more likely to lead to reconstruction than validation of their beliefs about themselves. The personal construct model was revised in the light of these findings. The limitations of the research, suggestions for future research, the usefulness of the personal construct model and the Validation and Reconstruction Assessment Techniques devised to test it, and the clinical implications of the research, are discussed.
Combined use of intraoperative lymphatic mapping and lymphoscintigraphy in the management of squamous cell cancer of the vulva.

BACKGROUND The standard care of the patient with squamous cell cancer of the vulva is radical vulvectomy along with inguinal-femoral node dissection. We explored the feasibility of sentinel lymphadenectomy in patients with squamous cell cancer of the vulva. METHODS Patients with biopsy proven squamous cell cancer of the vulva were studied with preoperative lymphoscintigraphy, intraoperative lymphatic mapping with isosulfan blue combined with intraoperative lymphoscintigraphy utilizing a hand-held gamma counter. RESULTS Five patients with invasive squamous cell cancer were studied. Sentinel nodes were identified in six lymphatic basins. One lymphatic basins had two sentinel nodes. Six of seven sentinel nodes were blue and all retained radioactivity at a ratio of at least 3:1 above the background levels in the regional node basin. One patient was found to have metastatic tumor which was confined to a sentinel lymph node. There was minimal morbidity associated with the procedure. CONCLUSIONS Lymphatic mapping is feasible in patients with squamous cell cancer of the vulva. These initial results suggests further study is warranted.
Group Creativity and Innovation: A Motivated Information Processing Perspective

The authors review the Motivated Information Processing in Groups Model (De Dreu, Nijstad, & Van Knippenberg, 2008) to understand group creativity and innovation. Although distinct phenomena, group creativity and innovation are both considered a function of epistemic motivation (EM; the degree to which group members tend to systematically process and disseminate information), and prosocial motivation (PSM; the extent to which group members seek collective [rather than personal] gain). EM is considered a function of, for example, time constraints, accountability pressures, preference diversity, openness to experience, and ambiguity aversion. PSM is stronger under, for example, participative decision making, shared social identity, and collective reward schemes. A review of the authors' work, and that of others, supports the prediction that group creativity and innovation is higher when group members combine high EM with a PSM. Avenues for new research and practical implications are discussed.
Blind or Ultrasound-Guided Corticosteroid Injections and Short-Term Response in Subacromial Impingement Syndrome: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Prospective Study

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of blind vs. ultrasonography-guided corticosteroid injections in subacromial impingement syndrome and determine the correlation between accuracy of the injection location and clinical outcome. DesignForty-six patients with subacromial impingement syndrome were randomized for ultrasonography-guided (group 1, n = 23) and blind corticosteroid injections (group 2, n = 23). Magnetic resonance imaging analysis was performed immediately after the injection. Changes in shoulder range of motion, pain, and shoulder function were recorded. All patients were assessed before the injection and 6 wks after the injection. ResultsAccurate injections were performed in 15 (65%) group 1 patients and in 16 (70%) group 2 patients. There was no statistically significant difference in the injection location accuracy between the two groups (P > 0.05). At the end of the sixth week, regardless of whether the injected mixture was found in the subacromial region or not, all of the patients showed improvements in all of the parameters evaluated (P < 0.05). ConclusionsBlind injections performed in the subacromial region by experienced individuals were reliably accurate and could therefore be given in daily routines. Corticosteroid injections in the subacromial region were very effective in improving the pain and functional status of patients with subacromial impingement syndrome during the short-term follow-up.
Resveratrol Acts Not through Anti-Aggregative Pathways but Mainly via Its Scavenging Properties against Aβ and Aβ-Metal Complexes Toxicity

It has been recently suggested that resveratrol can be effective in slowing down Alzheimer's disease (AD) development. As reported in many biochemical studies, resveratrol seems to exert its neuro-protective role through inhibition of β-amyloid aggregation (Aβ), by scavenging oxidants and exerting anti-inflammatory activities. In this paper, we demonstrate that resveratrol is cytoprotective in human neuroblastoma cells exposed to Aβ and or to Aβ-metal complex. Our findings suggest that resveratrol acts not through anti-aggregative pathways but mainly via its scavenging properties.
Using Habituation of Looking Time to Assess Mental Processes in Infancy

Habituation of looking time has become the standard method for studying cognitive processes in infancy. This method has a long history and derives from the study of memory and habituation itself. Often, however, it is not clear how researchers make decisions about how to implement habituation as a tool to study processes such as categorization, object representation, and memory. This article describes the challenges for implementing this tool and describes a set of best practices for its use to study perception and cognition in infancy.
Revisiting topological properties of protein-protein interaction networks from the perspective of dataset evolution

Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks are crucial for organisms. Many research efforts have thus been devoted to the study on the topological properties PPI networks. However, existing studies did not always report consistent results on the topological properties of PPI networks. This situation is primarily caused by the incompleteness of current PPI datasets. To solve this problem, in this paper we revisited the topological properties of PPI networks from the perspective of PPI dataset evolution. Concretely, we used twelve PPI datasets of Arabidopsis thaliana from different BioGRID database versions, and compared the topological properties of PPI networks built from the twelve datasets. Our results show that as the dataset evolves, the PPI network becomes more and more complete, all considered topological properties seemingly converge to stable values, which possibly indicate the topological nature of the complete Arabidopsis thaliana PPI network. Such findings can not be obtained from a few datasets as used in the existing works.
PAC-Bayes Bounds for the Risk of the Majority Vote and the Variance of the Gibbs Classifier

We propose new PAC-Bayes bounds for the risk of the weighted majority vote that depend on the mean and variance of the error of its associated Gibbs classifier. We show that these bounds can be smaller than the risk of the Gibbs classifier and can be arbitrarily close to zero even if the risk of the Gibbs classifier is close to 1/2. Moreover, we show that these bounds can be uniformly estimated on the training data for all possible posteriors Q. Moreover, they can be improved by using a large sample of unlabelled data.
Couplet supertree by equivalence partitioning of taxa set and DAG formation

From a given set of phylogenetic trees with overlapping taxa sets, a supertree describes evolutionary relationships among the union of their constituent taxa sets. Individual taxa subsets, however, can exhibit conflicting evolutionary relationships for different input trees. Strict consensus supertrees do not include any taxa subset exhibiting conflicts, thus can be non-plenary1. Plenary supertrees, on the other hand, aims to satisfy maximum agreement property, by resolving conflicts with the consensus (most frequent) relation (with respect to the input trees) between corresponding taxa subset. However, satisfying such property is NP hard. Existing studies propose various approximations based on matrix or graph representation, or using subtree level decomposition, for supertree construction. Most of these approaches involve high computational complexity. Further, accuracy of most of these methods need to be improved for application in large biological datasets. Current study presents a supertree construction method, named COSPEDTree, by analyzing couplet (taxa pair) relationships and their conflicts (contradictions) with respect to the source trees. To the best of our knowledge, such couplet based supertree construction is not proposed before. To prioritize the consensus relations for resolving individual taxa pairs, a greedy scoring method is suggested. Selected relations between individual taxa pairs are used to model a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG), which subsequently generates the final supertree. Performance of COSPEDTree, in terms of lower values of branch dissimilarities between the derived supertree and the candidate source trees, are mostly better or comparable with existing methods. COSPEDTree involves worst case time and space complexities of cubic and quadratic orders, respectively, both of which are best among reference approaches. So, it can be used for large biological datasets. It is hosted in http://telemedik.iitkgp. ernet.in/COSPEDTree_BCB. zip.
A Constraint Programming Approach for Mining Sequential Patterns in a Sequence Database

Constraint-based pattern discovery is at the core of numerous data mining tasks. Patterns are extracted with respect to a given set of constraints (frequency, closedness, size, etc). In the context of sequential pattern mining, a large number of devoted techniques have been developed for solving particular classes of constraints. The aim of this paper is to investigate the use of Constraint Programming (CP) to model and mine sequential patterns in a sequence database. Our CP approach offers a natural way to simultaneously combine in a same framework a large set of constraints coming from various origins. Experiments show the feasibility and the interest of our approach.
Seroprevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis infection among dairy cows in Colorado and herd-level risk factors for seropositivity.

OBJECTIVE To estimate seroprevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis (MAP) infection among adult dairy cows in Colorado and determine herd-level factors associated with the risk that individual cows would be seropositive. DESIGN Cross-sectional observational study. ANIMALS 10,280 adult (> or = 2 years old) dairy cows in 15 herds in Colorado. PROCEDURE Serum samples were tested with a commercial ELISA. A herd was considered to be infected with MAP if results of mycobacterial culture of > or = 1 individual cow fecal sample were positive or if > or = 1 culled cow had histologic evidence of MAP infection. RESULTS 424 of the 10,280 (4.12%) cows were seropositive. Within-herd prevalence of seropositive cows ranged from 0% to 7.82% (mean, 2.6%). Infection was confirmed in 11 dairies. Cows in herds that had imported > or = 8% of their current herd size annually during the preceding 5 years were 3.28 times as likely to be seropositive as were cows in herds that imported < 8%. Cows in herds with > or = 600 lactating cows were 3.12 times as likely to be seropositive as were cows in herds with < 600 lactating cows. Cows in herds with a history of clinical signs of MAP infection were 2.27 times as likely to be seropositive as were cows in herds without clinical signs. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Annual importation rate, herd size, and whether cows in the herd had clinical signs typical of MAP infection were associated with the risk that individual cows would be seropositive for MAP infection.
The Three Bears

Objectives (P.A.S.S.): Process Standard 1: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Content Standard 2: 1a--3: 1 Students will be able to process vocabulary words to an understanding of the word to it's application in the word problem. Materials Used: 1. Book: "The Three Bears" by Paul Galdone--Published by Scholastic Inc.-New York--ISBN 0-590-61971-3. 2. Worksheet containing word problems 3. Vocabulary word list: a. perimeter: the distance around a closed shape, or the length of its boundary. b. difference: The amount by which two numbers differ c. fractional part: a number that compares part of an object or a set with the whole d. temperature: How hot or cold something is e. middle: Halfway between two things f. Venn-Diagram: A diagram used to represent sets and relationships between sets
Factors Associated with Recreational Drug Use

This study aimed to examine demographic, lifestyle, mental health and personality factors associated with illicit recreational drug use, heavy alcohol consumption and smoking in a community-based population sample. A postal questionnaire survey was conducted of people who were selected at random from the Electoral registers of Cardiff and Merthyr Tydfil. Illicit drug use was associated with risk taking, neuroticism, being male, having a higher education qualification, not being married, being unemployed, being aged under 25 years, smoking, heavy alcohol consumption and living in Cardiff. Smoking was associated with anxiety, depression, being female, lower income and educational qualifications, looking after the family or home, being aged over 25 years, illicit drug use and heavy alcohol use. Heavy alcohol consumption was associated with not being depressed, experiencing sleeping problems, risk taking, being male, higher income, no higher educational qualification, not being married, being a student, being aged under 25 years, smoking and illicit drug use. Illicit drug use, smoking and heavy alcohol use were strongly associated with each other. Illicit drug use was associated with alcohol use and, to an even greater extent, with smoking. Illicit drug and alcohol use were associated with similar characteristics, but smoking was associated with a rather different demographic combination.
Endoparasite fauna of five Gadiformes fish species from the coast of Chile: host ecology versus phylogeny

Abstract The aims of the present study were to compare, using multivariate analyses, the degree of similarity of the endoparasite fauna of five fish species belonging to the order Gadiformes: Merluccius gayi, Merluccius australis, Macruronus magellanicus (Gadoidei) and Micromesistius australis and Nezumia pulchella (Macrouroidei), from the southern and central Chilean coast, and to evaluate whether the composition of the endoparasite fauna was determined by phylogenetic or ecological relationships. We employed our database of Merluccius australis, M. magellanicus and Micromesistius australis, which was complemented with published information for M. magellanicus, Merluccius australis, Micromesistius australis, M. gayi and N. pulchella. A higher number of endoparasite species was recorded for Merluccius australis, Micromesistius australis and M. magellanicus, namely Anisakis sp. and Hepatoxylon trichiuri, which is the most prevalent parasite among these hosts. Aporocotyle wilhelmi and Hysterothylacium sp. were detected only in M. gayi, whereas Lepidapedon sp. was found exclusively in N. pulchella. These results suggest that fish ecology rather than host phylogeny was the most important factor for the determination of similarity in parasite composition. This result could be explained by the similar trophic patterns of hosts and by the predominance of generalist larval species among these fish parasite communities.
Down-Regulation of Caffeic Acid O-Methyltransferase in Maize Revisited Using a Transgenic Approach1

Transgenic maize (Zea mays) plants were generated with a construct harboring a maize caffeic acidO-methyltransferase (COMT) cDNA in the antisense (AS) orientation under the control of the maize Adh1(alcohol dehydrogenase) promoter. Adh1-driven β-glucuronidase expression was localized in vascular tissues and lignifying sclerenchyma, indicating its suitability in transgenic experiments aimed at modifying lignin content and composition. One line of AS plants, COMT-AS, displayed a significant reduction in COMT activity (15%–30% residual activity) and barely detectable amounts of COMT protein as determined by western-blot analysis. In this line, transgenes were shown to be stably integrated in the genome and transmitted to the progeny. Biochemical analysis of COMT-AS showed: (a) a strong decrease in Klason lignin content at the flowering stage, (b) a decrease in syringyl units, (c) a lowerp-coumaric acid content, and (d) the occurrence of unusual 5-OH guaiacyl units. These results are reminiscent of some characteristics already observed for the maize bm3(brown-midrib3) mutant, as well as for COMT down-regulated dicots. However, as compared with bm3, COMT down-regulation in the COMT-AS line is less severe in that it is restricted to sclerenchyma cells. To our knowledge, this is the first time that an AS strategy has been applied to modify lignin biosynthesis in a grass species.
Images of a Plasma Focus Current Sheath With a Continuous Cylindrical Outer Electrode

Images of the roll-off, radial compression, final pinch, and after pinch stages of the current sheath (CS) of the dense plasma focus PACO (plasma autoconfinado) whose outer electrode is a brass cylindrical shell are shown. The different stages of the current sheath were measured with an image converter camera, 5-ns exposure time. The images of the CS evolution look similar to those previously obtained with an array of bars as cathode, as well as neutron yields and working pressures.
Corporate Goodness and Shareholder Wealth

Using a unique data set, I study how stock markets react to positive and negative events concerned with a firm׳s corporate social responsibility (CSR). I show that investors respond strongly negatively to negative events and weakly negatively to positive events. I then show that investors do value “offsetting CSR,” that is positive CSR news concerning firms with a history of poor stakeholder relations. In contrast, investors respond negatively to positive CSR news which is more likely to result from agency problems. Finally, I provide evidence that CSR news with stronger legal and economic information content generates a more pronounced investor reaction.
A THIRD GIANT PLANET ORBITING HIP 14810

We present new precision radial velocities and a three-planet Keplerian orbit fit for the V = 8.5, G5 V star HIP 14810. We began observing this star at Keck Observatory as part of the N2K Planet Search Project. Wright et al. announced the inner two planets to this system, and subsequent observations have revealed the outer planet and the proper orbital solution for the middle planet. The planets have minimum masses of 3.9, 1.3, and 0.6 MJup and orbital periods of 6.67, 147.7, and 952 day, respectively. We have numerically integrated the family of orbital solutions consistent with the data and find that they are stable for at least 106 yr. Our photometric search shows that the inner planet does not transit.
Effects of Three Modes of Personalisation on Students' Achievement in Mathematical Word Problems in Nigeria.

This study investigated the effects of modes of personalisation of instruction crossed with two levels each of verbal ability and cognitive style as moderator variables on the mathematical word problems achievement of 450 junior secondary Nigerian students. Personalisation was accomplished by incorporating selected information with students’ personal preferences into their mathematics word problems content on either group basis, individual or self-referencing format. Students were randomly assigned to one of four treatment conditions: self-referencing, individual personalisation, group personalisation, and non-personalisation versions of an instructional programme on mathematics word problems. Results showed that treatment, verbal ability and cognitive style had significant main effects on students’ achievement in mathematical word problems. Thus, students exposed to group personalisation performed significantly better than those in other groups followed by individual personalisation, self-referencing, and nonpersonalisation in that order. High verbal ability students performed significantly better than low verbal ability counterparts. Also, analytic cognitive style students significantly outscored their non-analytic cognitive style counterparts. There were significant two-way interactions effects of treatment and verbal ability, treatment and cognitive style, and verbal ability and cognitive style on students’ achievement in mathematical word problems. These findings suggest in part that group personalisation; individual personalisation and self-referencing modes enhanced students’ achievement in mathematical word problems than the non-personalisation strategy. This impact was however sensitive to the cognitive style and verbal ability of the students. These findings show the need for choosing improved strategies for mathematical word problems teaching and the recognition of the influence of verbal ability and cognitive style on students’ achievement in mathematical word problems.
Predictive Eye Movements During Action Observation in Infancy : Understanding the Processes Behind Action Prediction

Ten- and 14-month-old infants' gaze was recorded as the infants observed videos of different hand actions directed toward multiple goals. Infants observed an actor who (a) reached for objects and displaced them, (b) reached for objects and placed them inside containers, or (c) moved his fisted hand. Fourteen-month-olds, but not 10-month-olds, anticipated the goal of reaching actions but tracked all the other actions reactively. Fourteen-month-olds also produced more anticipatory gaze shifts during containment compared with displacement and differentiated between reaching actions dependent on whether the overall goal was to displace objects or place objects inside containers. These results demonstrate that action type and goal type modulate the latency of goal-directed gaze shifts in infants.