Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of serologic testing and slaughter evaluation for assessing the effects of subclinical infection on growth in pigs.

OBJECTIVE To compare serologic testing with slaughter evaluation in assessing effects of subclinical infection on average daily weight gain (ADG) in pigs. DESIGN Cohort study. ANIMALS 18 cohorts (30 to 35 pigs/cohort) of pigs on/farms. PROCEDURE Blood samples were collected, and pigs were weighed at 8, 16, and 24 weeks of age. Sera were tested for antibodies to porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), swine influenza virus (SIV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), pseudorabies virus, Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae, and Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. At slaughter, skin, nasal turbinates, lungs, and liver were examined. Associations between ADG and results of serologic testing and slaughter evaluation were examined by use of multiple linear regression. RESULTS Pathogens that had a significant effect on any given farm during any given year and the magnitude of that effect varied. However, at 16 and 24 weeks of age, a higher antibody titer was consistently associated with a lower ADG. Mean differences in ADG between seropositive and seronegative pigs were 18 g/d (0.04 lb/d) for SIV, 40 g/d (0.09 lb/d) for PRRSV, 38 g/d (0.08 lb/d) for M hyopneumoniae, and 116 g/d (0.26 lb/d) for TGEV. Of the evaluations performed at slaughter, only detection of lung lesions was consistently associated with a decrease in ADG. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggest that subclinical infection with any of a variety of pathogens commonly found in swine herds was associated with a decrease in ADG. Serologic testing was more effective than slaughter evaluation in assessing the impact of subclinical infection on ADG in these pigs.
SENSORY EVALUATION METHODS FOR TACTILE PROPERTIES OF FABRICS

Sensory evaluation of tactile properties of fabrics is a subject many researchers have studied for years and which still has importance and is also open to improvements. Particularly for suitings, the sensory evaluation of fabric handle or of other tactile properties has a greater importance. This article explains sensory evaluation techniques for stiffness, thickness and smoothness, which are the components of fabric handle of suitings. These sensory techniques are introduced by the authors and studied in 100% worsted wool suitings. The concordances of sensory test results are investigated by Kendall's concordance test, and correlation analyses are carried out to examine the relations between sensory results.
Narratives of second language identity amongst young English learners in Hong Kong

This article reports on an exploratory study responding to the problem of understanding how young learners position themselves as speakers of a foreign language. A group of 24 Hong Kong primary-school children (ages 10–12) who are in the process of simultaneously learning English and developing narratives of identities as English speakers, participated in a photo-elicitation project. Two distinct narratives of identity were found. ‘Cosmopolitans’ seemed to draw on multiple resources, largely based on their access to the social and economic benefits of using a great variety of English learning opportunities and popular culture media. ‘Pragmatists’ had fewer resources and were more uncertain about their future learning opportunities. This study demonstrates the importance of considering how educational policy, cultural values, and distribution of resources may impact on young learners studying in similar contexts. Implications are explored and suggestions made for ways teachers can support and foster identity development.
Co-Planning of Investments in Transmission and Merchant Energy Storage

Suitably located energy storage systems are able to collect significant revenue through spatiotemporal arbitrage in congested transmission networks. However, transmission capacity expansion can significantly reduce or eliminate this source of revenue. Investment decisions by merchant storage operators must, therefore, account for the consequences of potential investments in transmission capacity by central planners. This paper presents a tri-level model to co-optimize merchant electrochemical storage siting and sizing with centralized transmission expansion planning. The upper level takes the merchant storage owner's perspective and aims to maximize the lifetime profits of the storage, while ensuring a given rate of return on investments. The middle level optimizes centralized decisions about transmission expansion. The lower level simulates market clearing. The proposed model is recast as a bi-level equivalent, which is solved using the column-and-constraint generation technique. A case study based on a 240-bus, 448-line testbed of the Western Electricity Coordinating Council interconnection demonstrates the usefulness of the proposed tri-level model.
ROS and ROS-Mediated Cellular Signaling

It has long been recognized that an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can modify the cell-signaling proteins and have functional consequences, which successively mediate pathological processes such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, unchecked growth, neurodegeneration, inflammation, and aging. While numerous articles have demonstrated the impacts of ROS on various signaling pathways and clarify the mechanism of action of cell-signaling proteins, their influence on the level of intracellular ROS, and their complex interactions among multiple ROS associated signaling pathways, the systemic summary is necessary. In this review paper, we particularly focus on the pattern of the generation and homeostasis of intracellular ROS, the mechanisms and targets of ROS impacting on cell-signaling proteins (NF-κB, MAPKs, Keap1-Nrf2-ARE, and PI3K-Akt), ion channels and transporters (Ca2+ and mPTP), and modifying protein kinase and Ubiquitination/Proteasome System.
Proteinuria and Outcome After Renal Transplantation: Ratios or Fractions?

Background Proteinuria is associated with poorer outcomes in renal transplant recipients. Fractional excretion of total protein (FEPR) may better reflect kidney damage than urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (PCR). Methods We assessed FEPR (FEPR = [serum creatinine × urine protein] / [serum protein × urine creatinine], %) and PCR ([urinary protein/urinary creatinine] × 1000, mg/mM) 1 year after first renal transplantation as predictors of transplant failure. The primary endpoints were transplant failure and death. The use of the tests was analyzed by constructing receiver operator characteristic curves and comparing the area under the curve. Using receiver operator characteristic analysis, patients were stratified into high- and low-risk groups. Results Two hundred nineteen recipients were followed up for a median of 4.9 years. At a median of 2.7 years, 11.4% (n=25) of the transplants failed. Eight percent (n=17) of the patients died. The area under the curve was higher for FEPR than PCR (0.92 vs. 0.84). Patients with an FEPR of 0.019% or higher had a 3.4-fold (P=0.003) increased risk of transplant failure and a 2.3-fold (P=0.02) increased risk of death compared with those with an FEPR of less than 0.019%. Patients with a PCR of 97 mg/mM or greater had a 2.1-fold (P=0.04) increased risk of transplant failure and a 1.6-fold (P=0.04) increased risk of death compared with those with a PCR of less than 97 mg/mM (P=0.04). In multivariate analysis with time to transplant failure as the dependent variable, FEPR and PCR were independent predictors of transplant failure (hazards ratio, 1.07 [P=0.013] and 1.03 [P=0.03], respectively). Conclusions FEPR and PCR at 1 year are independent predictors of transplant failure, but FEPR may be superior.
Comparative lipid profile study between ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke

To determine the frequency of dyslipidemias in pati ents with stroke and to compare the lipid levels in ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke patients. Patients with diagnosi s of stroke comprising 50 consecutive patients each of ischaemic and haemorrhagic strokes were included in the study while patients on lipid lowering therapy were excl uded from study. To determine the subtype of stroke, clinical examination followed by CT scan of brain was done. A serum sample after 8 hours of overnight fasting was taken on the next day of admission for both groups of pa tients. Total serum cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol was determined , using enzymatic colorimetric method. SPSS software was us ed for calculation of % R of 95% confidence interva l (CI). It was noted in our study that fasting serum lipid pro file analysis of 50 ischemic stroke patients revea led raised serum total cholesterol in 21 patients with mean serum ch olesterol of 190±35mg/dl where as only 5 patients a mong hemorrhagic CVA showing raised serum cholesterol wi th overall mean of 151±29mg/dl. Serum HDL was found to be low in 16 patients i.e. 32% of Ischemic stroke w ith mean value of 42.4±6mg/dl whereas only 6% of He morrhagic stroke patients showing low serum HDL with mean val ue of 45.4±5mg/dl. Abnormal serum triglyceride leve l was found to be distributed similarly in Ischemic & Hem orrhagic stroke with mean value of 137±30mg/dl & 125±30mg/dl respectively. High serum LDL was found in 6% & 4% of ischemic & hemorrhagic stroke with me an value of 102±21mg/dl & 93±17mg/dl respectively. Hyp ercholesterolemia and low HDL-cholesterol was seen significantly more in ischemic CVA group. __________________________________________________________________________________________
Urease activity does not contribute dramatically to persistence of Mycobacterium bovis bacillus Calmette-Guérin

Multiplication of BCGure-, an isogenic urease-negative mutant of Mycobacterium bovis BCG constructed by allelic exchange (J. M. Reyrat, F. X. Berthet, and B. Gicquel, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 92:8768-8772, 1995), was examined in human macrophages and mice. Although ureolytic activity was not essential to BCGure-growth, a slight decrease in the multiplication and persistence of the mutated strain compared with wild-type BCG was observed in lungs of infected mice.
The Role of Moral Disengagement and Self-Efficacy in Cyberbullying

This study examines the association between moral disengagement and cyberbullying using a measure of moral disengagement tailored to cyberbullying. It also examines adolescents’ self-beliefs in their competence to engage in cyberbullying (cyberbullying self-efficacy beliefs) and how these beliefs may moderate the relation between moral disengagement and cyberbullying. Participants were 942 mainly White (83.5%) boys and girls from Grades 7 to 9 (Mage = 13.2 years, range = 11–15 years). Results revealed that when students believed firmly in their cyberbullying capabilities, high levels of self-reported cyberbullying were associated with greater moral disengagement proneness even when controlling for knowledge of cyberbullying moral standards. These results suggest that reducing cyberbullying will involve more than policies that sanction such behavior. Factors that reduce the use of moral disengagement processes, particularly among those students who believe in their cyberbullying capabilities, need to be promoted.
Noxious Neighbours? Interrogating the Impacts of Sex Premises in Residential Areas

Premises associated with commercial sex—including brothels, striptease clubs, sex cinemas, and sex shops—have increasingly been accepted as legitimate land uses, albeit ones whose location needs to be controlled because of assumed ‘negative externalities’. However, the planning and licensing regulations excluding such premises from areas of residential land use are often predicated on assumptions of nuisance that have not been empirically substantiated. Accordingly, this paper reports on a survey of those living close to sex industry premises in New South Wales, Australia. The results suggest that although some residents have strong moral objections to sex premises, in general residents note few negative impacts on local amenity or quality of life, with distance from a premise being a poor predictor of residents' experiences of nuisance. These findings are considered in relation to the literatures on sexuality and space given regulation which ultimately appears to reproduce heteronormative moralities rather than respond to genuine environmental nuisances.
What Makes Groups Work? A Reflective Review in a Range of Contexts

Abstract The present paper summarises the findings of a review of the literature evaluating group programmes undertaken in a broad range of contexts. The aim of the present study was to identify key elements or principles related to the general question, what makes groups work? The present report includes a brief description of the underpinning theories of the groups in the study, the aims, various group design variables, outcomes and evaluation methodologies, followed by a discussion of key insights into what makes groups a beneficial medium in the human services field. It is suggested that quality of participation and constructivist elements in design and facilitation are key to effective outcomes in relation to individual participants and group goals. A framework for evaluating participation is tentatively put forward as a way of bringing together the disparate theories and perspectives that pervade the groups field.
What shapes the altitudinal range of a high mountain Mediterranean plant? Recruitment probabilities from ovule to seedling stage

L. Gime´nez-Benavides (luis.gimenez@urjc.es), A. Escudero and J. M. Iriondo, A´rea de Biodiversidad y Conservacio´n, Univ. Rey Juan Carlos-ESCET, Tulipa´n s/n. ES 28933 Mo´stoles, Madrid, SpainRecruitment is a complex process consisting of sequential stages affected by biotic interactions and abiotic factors.Assessment of these sequential stages and corresponding subprocesses may be useful in identifying the most critical stages.Accordingly, to assess the factors that may determine the altitudinal range limits of the high mountain Mediterraneanplant Silene ciliata, a set of demographic stages, from flower production to establishment of 2-yr-old plants, and theirinfluence on recruitment probability were examined using a step-by-step approach. We integrated florivory, pollinationand pre-dispersal seed predation as pre-dispersal factors, and seedling emergence and survival as post-dispersaldeterminants of recruitment. Three populations were monitored at the southernmost margin of the species along its localaltitudinal range. Previous studies suggest that seediness is strongly limited by summer drought especially at the lowerboundary of the species, a situation that may worsen under current global warming.Our results showed that recruitment was mainly limited by low seed production in the pre-dispersal stage and lowseedling emergence and survival in the post-dispersal stage, probably due to environmental harshness in summer. Bycontrast, biotic factors responsible for propagule loss, such as flower and fruit predation, had a minor effect on theprobability of plant recruitment. Although the relative importance of transition probabilities was similar amongpopulations along the altitudinal range, comparatively lower flower production significantly reduced the number ofrecruited plants at the lowest altitude population. This demographic bottleneck, together with increased competition withother species favoured by climate warming, might collapse population growth and limit persistence at the loweraltitudinal range of the species, raising its low local altitudinal edge.
On the cognitive structure of basic arithmetic skills: Operation, order, and symbol transfer effects.

In 2 experiments, college Ss practiced extensively on single-digit multiplication and division problems (e.g., = 6 × 9; 42 = × 6) and were tested on both practice problems and several altered versions of those problems, which were constructed by changing the required operation, operand order, or arithmetic symbol. There was strong positive transfer to test problems that had exactly the same elements (the numbers and the required operation) as a practice problem, regardless of whether other factors such as operand order or symbol were changed, but little if any positive transfer to test problems that did not have the same elements as a practice problem. An identical elements framework is used to interpret these results and implications for existing computational models of arithmetic fact retrieval and for the development of arithmetic skill are discussed
The Crisis of One-Dimensionality

When the one-dimensionality thesis was fully enunciated in the early 1960s, it was already historically obsolete, not because of the student activism and anti-war militancy that exploded in the following years, but because it described a phase of capitalist development already in the process of being superseded. Furthermore, the critical theory that had formulated such a thesis from 1940 on, turned out to be structurally unable to anticipate and explain the new social process. This failure was the result of key theoretical commitments made in the 1930s to explain those social developments which orthodox Marxism seemed unable to grasp, while retaining unchanged most fundamental Marxist assumptions.
Potential usefulness of similar images in the differential diagnosis of clustered microcalcifications on mammograms.

PURPOSE To evaluate the potential usefulness of images of lesions of a known disease that have a similar appearance to lesions of an unknown disease in distinguishing between benign and malignant clustered microcalcifications on mammograms by removing the unusual cases from the database. MATERIALS AND METHODS Institutional review board approval for this retrospective HIPAA-compliant study of images from a publicly available database was obtained. Unusual lesions, such as malignant-looking benign lesions and benign-looking malignant lesions, were removed from the database. A total of 20 benign and 20 malignant lesions were selected with a stratified randomization method, and it was these lesions that served as unknown cases in this observer study. For each unknown case, eight similar images of benign lesions and eight similar images of malignant lesions were preselected with a computerized scheme. From these preselected images, a breast radiologist subjectively selected the four most similar images of benign lesions and the four most similar images of malignant lesions. Five attending breast radiologists and three breast-imaging fellows participated in the observer study. Observers provided their confidence level regarding malignancy of the unknown case before and after they viewed the similar images. The results were evaluated with multireader multicase receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. RESULTS For all observers, the areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) were improved when similar images were used. The average AUC for all observers increased from 0.692 without use of similar images to 0.790 with use of similar images (P = .0009). CONCLUSION The presentation of similar images can improve radiologists' performance in the differential diagnosis of clustered microcalcifications on mammograms.
The formative period of Islamic thought

Part 1 The beginnings: the Kharaijites Proto-Shi'ite phenomena under the Umayyads the general religious movement God's determination of events faith and community. Part 2 The century of struggle (750-850): the establishment of the 'Abbasids the attraction of reasoning the great Mu'tazilites. Part 3 The triumph of Sunnism the political background the maturing of Sunnite theology.
Recent advances in zeolite chemistry and catalysis.

Zeolites are crystalline microporous aluminosilicates, which are built up from corner-sharing SiO4and AlO4-tetrahedra. These porous materials are formed in nature in association with volcanic activity, but can also be synthesized in the laboratory. Currently, there are 229 different zeolite structures known, not necessarily composed of SiO4and AlO4tetrahedra as many elements from the periodic table can now be an integral part of zeolite framework structures. Interestingly, theory has predicted that millions of other zeolite structures can be constructed from the primary building blocks of zeolites, illustrating the enormous potential of this research area for designing new functional porous materials. The Swedish chemist Axel Cronstedt was the first to describe zeolites in 1756. He noted that the mineral stilbite appeared to boil when heated. Cronstedt therefore named these materials zeolites or ‘‘boiling stones’’ (from Greek z eo – to boil and l iyoB – stone). Zeolites are used in large quantities in a variety of commercial processes. The largest zeolite application is certainly detergency. Zeolites can be used as ion-exchange reagents to remove Ca and Mg ions from ‘‘hard’’ water. The second largest application is catalysis, with Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) and Hydro-Cracking (HC) as the leading commercial processes in the oil refinery industry. Other uses include adsorbents, as well as various uses of natural zeolites, a Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands. E-mail: B.M. Weckhuysen@uu.nl b State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China. E-mail: jihong@jlu.edu. cn
THE NON‐HUMAN PRIMATE ENDOCRINE PANCREAS: DEVELOPMENT, REGENERATION POTENTIAL AND METAPLASIA

An investigation into the development of the Vervet monkey endocrine pancreas revealed a sequence of occurrence of pancreatic peptides that differed from previous reports in mice, dog and human with PP and somatostatin occurring before glucagon and insulin. All four pancreatic peptides were identified, immunohistochemically, in only one of the pancreatic primordial buds, before fusion of the two buds to form the pancreas. This questions the hypothesis that the heterogeneous endocrine cell distribution seen in the adult pancreas is due to the contribution of only PP cells by the ventral bud and non‐PP cells by the dorsal bud. Co‐localization of glucagon and PP was observed extensively in the developing pancreas and the predominant expression of one over the other in an apparently organized non‐random manner accounted for the glucagon‐ and PP‐rich areas seen in the developing pancreas. A small number of cells immunoreactive to glucagon and PP were also observed in the adult. Reports of plasticity of differentiation of other pancreatic cells led us to investigate regeneration potential of the adult monkey pancreas. Partial obstruction of the Vervet monkey main pancreatic duct, by cellophane wrapping, resulted in duct cell proliferation and differentiation to form new endocrine tissue in a way that mimics normal organogenesis. Focal areas of hepatocytes were found in the regenerated pancreas of one monkey, illustrating further the latent developmental capabilities of adult pancreas cells. These findings could lead to interesting new therapies for pancreas and liver disease.
Hate crimes and violence against the Transgendered

According to J. Caputi, “in mainstream discussion, violent crimes against women are frequently presented as inexplicable and their perpetrators as social deviants . [Researchers] have argued for an awareness of the sexually political and conformist nature of such crimes and have invented the word ‘gynocide’ to name the range of systematic violence against women by men. ” Similarly, crimes of violence and victimization against transsexual, transgendered and cross‐dressing persons are often characterized as either the actions of individuals (males) who do not live within the rules of society, or as being somehow provoked by victims through their deviancy with regard to gender expectation. In each case, these arguments are simply extensions of the traditional discourse regarding violence against women: either the perpetrator is a “mad dog” (i.e. a criminally deviant male) or the victim “asked for it” (via exhibiting the “provocative behavior” of failing to conform to gender role expectations).