Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
On L 1 -Stability of Stationary Navier-Stokes Flows inn

Dedicated to the memory of Professor Peter Hess Abstract. Stability of stationary Navier-Stokes flows inn , n ≥ 3, is discussed in the function space L 1 or H 1 (Hardy space). It is shown that a stationary flow w is stable in H 1 (resp. L 1 )if sup |x |·| w(x)| + sup |x| 2 |∇w(x)| (resp. � w� (n,1) + �∇ w� (n/2,1))is small. Explicit decay rates of the form O(t −β/2 ),0 <β ≤ 1, are deduced for perturbations under additional assumptions on w and on initial data. The proofs of the results heavily rely on the theory of Hardy spaces H p (0 <p ≤ 1) of Fefferman and Stein.
Chronotype is associated with psychological well-being depending on the composition of the study sample

Past studies examining the effect of chronotype and social jetlag on psychological well-being have been inconsistent so far. Here, we recruited participants from the general population and enquired about their natural sleeping behavior, sleep quality, depressive symptoms, and perceived stress. Partial correlations were computed between sleep variables and indicators of psychological well-being, controlling for age and sex. Less sleep during work days was found a good indicator for impairments in psychological well-being. In exploratory follow-up analyses, the same correlations were calculated within groups of early, intermediate, and late chronotype. We observed that the composition of the sample in terms of chronotype influenced whether associations between sleep variables and psychological well-being could be observed, a finding that is advised to be taken into account in future studies.
Tis21 Expression Marks Not Only Populations of Neurogenic Precursor Cells but Also New Postmitotic Neurons in Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis

During embryonic cortical development, expression of Tis21 is associated with cell cycle lengthening and neurogenic divisions of progenitor cells. We here investigated if the expression pattern of Tis21 also correlates with the generation of new neurons in the adult hippocampus. We used Tis21 knock-in mice expressing green fluorescent protein (GFP) and studied Tis21-GFP expression together with markers of adult hippocampal neurogenesis in newly generated cells. We found that Tis21-GFP 1) was absent from the radial glia–like putative stem cells (type-1 cells), 2) first appeared in transient amplifying progenitor cells (type-2 and 3 cells), 3) did not colocalize with markers of early postmitotic maturation stage, 4) was expressed again in maturing neurons, and 5) finally decreased in mature granule cells. Our data show that, in the course of adult neurogenesis, Tis21 is expressed in a phase additional to the one of the embryonic neurogenesis. This additional phase of expression might be associated with a new and different function of Tis21 than during embryonic brain development, where no Tis21 is expressed in mature neurons. We hypothesize that this function is related to the final functional integration of the newborn neurons. Tis21 can thus serve as new marker for key stages of adult neurogenesis.
Would You Be My Friend? An Examination of Global Marketers' Brand Personification Strategies in Social Media

Building on the consumer–brand relationship framework, this research examines global marketers' branding strategies and consumer engagement in social media. Results of a content analysis in Study 1 show that brand personification strategies are prevalently employed on global brands' Facebook pages in both graphic and textual content. Brand personification strategies in textual content are especially effective in inducing consumer engagement (i.e., likes, shares, and comments). A linguistic analysis in Study 2 further suggests that highly engaged consumers exhibit anthropomorphic responses when they interact with brands; they treat brands as humanlike social agents and show positive emotions toward the brands. The synthesized results provide empirical evidence that consumer–brand relationships are realized by brand personification strategies and consumers' anthropomorphism in the social media domain. Theoretical implications and managerial suggestions are discussed.
Indocyanine green-assisted epiretinal membrane peeling evaluated by optical coherence tomography and multifocal electroretinography

Objective: To evaluate the anatomical and functional outcome in eyes with indocyanine green (ICG)-assisted idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) peeling by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and multifocal electroretinogram (MFERG). Design: Prospective, interventional, noncomparative case series. Methods: Twenty eyes of 20 patients with idiopathic ERM underwent pars plana vitrectomy and ICG-assisted ERM and internal limiting membrane (ILM) removal. Visual acuity (VA), OCT, and MFERG measurements were performed preoperatively and postoperatively at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months. Results: Best-corrected VA (BCVA) improved ≥2 Snellen lines in 70% of our patients at the 12th postoperative month. Mean VA increased from 20/100 preoperatively to 20/40 at 12 months. VA increased significantly at all postoperative examinations, compared to preoperative VA. Foveal thickness measured by OCT decreased significantly at all postoperative examinations. OCT mean values dropped from 472.3 μm preoperatively, to 249.2 μm at 12 months. Preoperative MFERG values significantly improved only at 12 months. OCT measurements and MFERG values did not correlate at any time. OCT values correlated with VA values only preoperatively while MFERG measurements correlated with VA at 12 months. Conclusions: In our series of eyes with ERM surgery, OCT measurements and VA improved gradually throughout the first postoperative year, while MFERG values showed significant improvement at 12 months.
Determinants of implementation of primary preventive interventions on patient handling in healthcare: a systematic review

Objective: This systematic review aims (1) to identify barriers and facilitators during implementation of primary preventive interventions on patient handling in healthcare, and (2) to assess their influence on the effectiveness of these interventions. Methods: PubMed and Web of Science were searched from January 1988 to July 2007. Study inclusion criteria included evaluation of a primary preventive intervention on patient handling, quantitative assessment of the effect of the intervention on physical load or musculoskeletal disorders or sick leave, and information on barriers or facilitators in the implementation of the intervention. 19 studies were included, comprising engineering (n = 10), personal (n = 6) and multiple interventions (n = 3). Barriers and facilitators were classified into individual and environmental categories of factors that hampered or enhanced the appropriate implementation of the intervention. Results: 16 individual and 45 environmental barriers and facilitators were identified. The most important environmental categories were “convenience and easy accessibility” (56%), “supportive management climate” (18%) and “patient-related factors” (11%). An important individual category was motivation (63%). None of the studies quantified their impact on effectiveness nor on compliance and adherence to the intervention. Conclusion: Various factors may influence the appropriate implementation of primary preventive interventions, but their impact on the effectiveness of the interventions was not evaluated. Since barriers in implementation are often acknowledged as the cause of the ineffectiveness of patient handling devices, there is a clear need to quantify the influence of these barriers on the effectiveness of primary preventive interventions in healthcare.
Blood oxygenation level-dependent contrast response functions identify mechanisms of covert attention in early visual areas

Covert attention can lead to improved performance in perceptual tasks. The neural and functional mechanisms of covert attention are still under investigation. Using both rapid event-related and mixed designs, we measured the blood oxygenation level-dependent functional MRI contrast response functions over the full range of contrast (0–100%) in the retinotopically defined early visual areas (V1, V2, V3, V3A, and V4) in humans. Covert attention increased both the baseline activities and contrast gains in the five cortical areas. The effect on baseline can be decomposed into a transient trial-by-trial component and a component across an entire attention block. On average, increase in contrast gain accounted for ≈88.0%, 28.5%, 12.7%, 35.9%, and 25.2% of the trial-by-trial effects of attention in the five areas, respectively, and 22.2%, 12.8%, 7.4%, 19.7%, and 17.3% of the total effects of attention in those areas, consistent with single-unit findings in V4 and MT. The results provide strong evidence for a stimulus enhancement mechanism of attention as demonstrated in various behavioral studies.
Cognitive Impairment in Bipolar Disorder and Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review

Aims: Previous comparisons of cognitive decline among patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and schizophrenia (SZ) have found somehow quite similar profiles of deficits, but results have varied between studies. Therefore an extensive and thoughtful systematic review of the matter is warranted. Methods: Studies were found through systematic search (PubMed) following PRISMA guidelines. To be included, studies must have assessed the following cognitive functions: executive functions, memory, IQ, attention-concentration, and perceptuomotor function. In order to make comparison between the two entities, studies should include BD patients with operationally defined euthymia, schizophrenic patients in remission, and third group of healthy control patients. Comparisons were made after controlling for years of schooling and residual affective symptoms. Results: We found that overall both SZ and BD patients present deficits on all neurocognitive measures compared to healthy controls. In particular, SZ patients show more severe and pervasive cognitive deficits while BD patients present a milder and more confined impairment. In addition, evidence from the literature suggests that SZ and BD patients share a similar cognitive impairment profile with different degrees of deficits. Therefore, the difference between the two groups seems to be more quantitative (degree of deficit) rather than qualitative (profile), supporting a dimensional approach to the two clinical entities. Limitations of the present review includes the impossibility to control for effects of medication, varying time required for assessment across studies, illness diagnosis reliability, and course severity. Conclusion: Patients with BD might exhibit a cognitive impairment that could be similar to SZ in terms of their profile, although patients with SZ may have more severe and widespread impairments.
Polyethylene liner exchange for excessive wear and osteolysis.

To determine if polyethylene liner exchange of a total hip arthroplasty decreased wear and slowed the progression of osteolysis, we evaluated 10 hips at a mean 6.2 years after component exchange. Head penetration and lesion size were quantified on serial radiographs using computer-assisted techniques. A mean 7.9 years before component exchange, true polyethylene wear rates averaged 0.36 +/- 0.19 mm/y. A mean 6.2 years after component exchange, average wear rates decreased to 0.17 +/- 0.11 mm/y. Similarly, mean acetabular and mean femoral lesion growth rates decreased. At last follow-up, all components remained radiographically stable. Complications included dislocation (1 patient) and increased wear (2 patients). Modular component exchange with removal of granulomatous tissue has the potential to decrease wear and slow the progression of osteolysis without subsequent component loosening.
Unit commitment in multiple energy carrier systems

During the last decade there has been a strong development of energy applications that make use of multiple energy carriers. A new approach is necessary to tackle problems related to planning and operation of energy systems, since conventional techniques are mostly oriented to deal with independent energy carrier infrastructures only. The contribution of this paper is to offer a general unit commitment framework for energy systems that contain multiple energy carriers and to present illustrative examples on the topic. The unit commitment problem is solved using the optimization software AIMMS.
Is there a place for β-lactams in the treatment of multidrug-resistant/extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis? Synergy between meropenem and amoxicillin/clavulanate.

OBJECTIVES To: (i) assess if amoxicillin/clavulanate is a useful option for the management of multidrug-resistant/extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/XDR-TB); (ii) assess if meropenem/clavulanate is active against Mycobacterium tuberculosis at concentrations achievable in vivo; and (iii) determine whether there was inhibition of meropenem/clavulanate activity in the presence of amoxicillin. METHODS Twenty-eight M. tuberculosis strains (7 susceptible, 2 monoresistant, 16 MDR and 3 XDR) were included in the study and tested against different concentrations of meropenem, meropenem/clavulanate, amoxicillin/meropenem, amoxicillin/clavulanate and amoxicillin/meropenem/clavulanate using the Bactec 960 MGIT(®) system. RESULTS All 28 strains were resistant to meropenem at the highest concentration tested (5 mg/L). Although 24 strains were susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanate, 7 strains were susceptible only to 7.2/2.5 mg/L amoxicillin/clavulanate, 10 strains were susceptible to 3.6/2.5 mg/L amoxicillin/clavulanate, 6 strains were susceptible to 1.8/2.5 mg/L amoxicillin/clavulanate and 1 strain was susceptible to 0.9/2.5 mg/L amoxicillin/clavulanate. Therefore, 4/28 strains (14.29%) were resistant to the highest concentration of amoxicillin tested (7.2 mg/L); all of them were MDR. All of the 11 strains resistant to amoxicillin or susceptible only to 7.2 mg/L amoxicillin increased their susceptibility to amoxicillin/clavulanate after the addition of meropenem. The addition of clavulanate to meropenem reduced the MIC of meropenem by an average of over 1.8 dilutions. CONCLUSIONS The combination of amoxicillin/clavulanate plus meropenem is active against MDR/XDR-TB in vitro, and this triple therapy could be a useful therapy for MDR/XDR-TB and possibly help to reduce the development of further resistance. The drug susceptibility technique used here is routinely used, with modification, in mycobacteriology laboratories.
Values in Psychiatric Diagnosis: Executive Summary of a Report to the Chair of the ICD-12/DSM-VI Coordination Task Force (Dateline 2010)

This paper reproduces the executive summary of a report on values in psychiatric diagnosis commissioned by the chair of the ICD-12/DSM-VI Co-ordination Task Force, newly established in 2010 following the publication of ICD-11 and DSM-V. The report describes a programme of research on values in psychiatric diagnosis carried out in the first decade of the twenty-first century. This programme paralleled the twentieth-century programme of research on the descriptive (or factual) elements in diagnosis. The report includes concrete proposals for re-drafting key sections of DSM and corresponding sections of ICD. These proposals add values to, rather than subtracting science from, psychiatric classification. This is shown to have put psychiatry at the leading edge of twenty-first century medical science by 2010.
Persistent depression affects adherence to secondary prevention behaviors after acute coronary syndromes

AbstractBACKGROUND: The persistence of depressive symptoms after hospitalization is a strong risk factor for mortality after acute coronary syndromes (ACS). Poor adherence to secondary prevention behaviors may be a mediator of the relationship between depression and increased mortality. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether rates of adherence to risk reducing behaviors were affected by depressive status during hospitalization and 3 months later. DESIGN: Prospective observational cohort study. SETTING: Three university hospitals. PARTICIPANTS: Five hundred and sixty patients were enrolled within 7 days after ACS. Of these, 492 (88%) patients completed 3-month follow-up. MEASUREMENTS: We used the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) to assess depressive symptoms in the hospital and 3 months after discharge. We assessed adherence to 5 risk-reducing behaviors by patient self-report at 3 months. We used χ2 analysis to compare differences in adherence among 3 groups: persistently nondepressed (BDI<10 at hospitalization and 3 months); remittent depressed (BDI ≥10 at hospitalization; <10 at 3 months); and persistently depressed patients (BDI ≥10 at hospitalization and 3 months). RESULTS: Compared with persistently nondepressed, persistently depressed patients reported lower rates of adherence to quitting smoking (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.23, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.05 to 0.97), taking medications (adjusted OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.95), exercising (adjusted OR 0.57, 95% CI 0.34 to 0.95), and attending cardiac rehabilitation (adjusted OR 0.5, 95% CI 0.27 to 0.91). There were no significant differences between remittent depressed and persistently nondepressed patients. CONCLUSIONS: Persistently depressed patients were less likely to adhere to behaviors that reduce the risk of recurrent ACS. Differences in adherence to these behaviors may explain in part why depression predicts mortality after ACS.
Comparison of therapeutic effects between selective amygdalohippocampectomy and anterior temporal lobectomy for the treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy: A meta-analysis

Abstract Background. Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is a recurrent chronic nervous system disease. The conventional treatment is medicine. So far, anterior temporal lobectomy (ATL) and selective amygdalohippocampectomy (SAH) are becoming the two main approaches. Methods.To compare the therapeutic effects between SAH and ATL in the treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy, we conducted a meta-analysis of published randomized controlled trials. The review applied the search strategy developed by the Cochrane Epilepsy Group and the Rev. Man 5.0 software to analyze. We also drew the forest plots with Risk Ratio (RR) as effect size. Six studies were eligible, with a total of 626 patients (337 patients with SAH and 289 patients with ATL). Results. There was no statistical significance of postoperative seizure control rate after 1 year, as well as the increase rate and decrease rate of verbal memory function between SAH and ATL. There is no statistical difference of therapeutic effects between SAH and ATL in the treatment of temporal lobe epilepsy. Conclusion. It is advised that clinically, physicians should choose the appropriate approach according to operation indications to improve the results of postoperative recovery.
Finding large domains of similarly expressed genes. A novel method using the MDL principle and the recursive segmentation procedure.

In this study, a new method for finding and defining large domains of adjacent genes on a chromosome with similar expression profiles was introduced based on the use of the minimum description length (MDL) principle and the recursive segmentation procedure. For the recursive segmentation, a newly introduced stopping criterion using the MDL principle was used. Together they offer a novel method to view the large domains of similarly expressed genes in genome data. The description of the genome data and of the large domain is done according to the MDL principle, which selects the model based on its fitting performance and also penalized a very high complexity of the model. The success of segmentation comes from observation that the more similar the gene expression profiles are in a large domain, the shorter the description of the data that represents the large domain. The new recursive segmentation method was applied to the microarray measurements of the Drosophila genome and human genome in order to demonstrate the ability of the new method to find large domains successfully.
A Survey on Prevalence of Gastrointestinal Parasitic Infection in Cattle of Sylhet Division in Bangladesh

A survey was conducted to determine the prevalence of gastrointestinal parasitism in crossbred and local cattle, Sylhet division, Bangladesh. Fecal samples were collected randomly from 288 local and 144 crossbred cattle of four representative areas in three following seasons. The effects of season and age were tested in both local and crossbred cattle. Frequency of trematodes and nematodes infections was constant in all the survey areas. Incident of gastrointestinal parasitic infections was more frequent in rainy season followed by summer and winter. Significantly higher prevalence of Paramphistomum spp (20.53%) was found in rainy season whereas Haemonchus spp (5.46%) and Moniezia spp (4.18%) were higher in summer (P<0.05). Paramphistomum spp infections were more recurrent in adult while Toxocara spp were largest in calf (P<0.05). Prevalence of Haemonchus spp (4.56%) infections was significantly higher in local adult cattle where as Trichostrongylus spp (4.41%) infections were largest in local young cattle (P<0.05). It could be stated that season, age were the significant forecaster of gastrointestinal parasitism. It is highest during rainy season followed by cool, cold and hot season.
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 4 in mammalian fertility: a review.

BACKGROUND Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 4 (PCSK4), also known as proprotein convertase 4, belongs to a family of endoproteinases involved in the proteolytic conversion of secretory precursor proteins to their active forms. Its amino acid sequence is highly conserved in mammals, an indication of its biological importance. METHODS We have searched PubMed and molecular biology databases for information relating to the structure, expression and biological functions of PCSK4. RESULTS PCSK4 is predominantly expressed in male germ cells and located on the plasma membrane overlying the acrosome of sperm. It is also present in ovary and placenta. Inactivation of its gene in mouse does not alter spermatogenesis, but renders sperm incapable of fertilizing oocytes. This incapacity results in part from sperm susceptibility to a premature acrosome reaction and their reduced ability to bind to the zona pellucida. In female mice, a lack of PCSK4 causes subfertility associated with impaired folliculogenesis. In addition, this enzyme has been shown to stimulate the invasiveness of human placental trophoblasts in culture, suggesting that it may facilitate placentation in vivo. CONCLUSIONS PCSK4 appears to be a crucial enzyme for reproduction. Alterations of PCSK4 expression or activity could be the underlying cause of some unexplained cases of human infertility. Conversely, inactivation of this protease represents a potential strategy for non-hormonal contraception.