Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fast and accurate hybrid power estimation methodology for embedded systems

Nowadays, having the appropriate Electronic System Level (ESL) tools for power estimation in embedded systems is becoming mandatory. The main challenge for the design of such dedicated tools is to achieve a better trade-offs between accuracy and speed. In this paper, a new power consumption estimation methodology for embedded systems is proposed. First, the Functional Level Power Analysis (FLPA) is used to set up generic power models based on real board measurements. In the second step, a simulation framework is developed to evaluate accurately the architectural parameters of the elaborated power models. The proposed methodology has several benefits: it improves significantly the accuracy of the functional level approach and the power consumption estimation can be accomplished without a costly and complex material. In order to speed up the estimation process, our methodology refers to the selection of data pattern size and to the application sampling technique. Experimental results show that our tool achieves high simulation speed of 21 times faster with a marginal power estimation error of 1%.
Transition of the mushy zone from continuous liquid films to a coherent solid

While studies of solidification microstructures have focused mainly on the tips of the dendrites, the last stage solidification is equally important from the point of view of defect formation (porosity, hot tearing), mechanical strength build-up and precipitation of phases. In particular, the transition from continuous liquid films to a coherent solid in low concentration alloys is of crucial importance for hot tearing formation, and more generally speaking for liquid feeding ability and coherency development. Based on a fairly recent theoretical model of coalescence, which will be recalled briefly, new results obtained for a population of equiaxed grains will be presented. A granular-type model based on a Voronoi tessellation has been used for the description of the gradual disappearance of liquid films and the clustering of equiaxed grains. This percolation-type approach has been then used to calculate the pressure drop in the mushy zone on the assumptions of a Poiseuille flow in between the grains and a Kirchhoff model for the connectivity of the liquid films including the Losses associated with solidification shrinkage (i.e., KPL model). Comparison with a standard average pressure drop calculation based on Carman–Kozeny's relationship will be presented.
The role of the circadian clock in animal models of mood disorders.

An association between circadian clock function and mood regulation is well established and has been proposed as a factor in the development of mood disorders. Patients with depression or mania suffer disturbed sleep-wake cycles and altered rhythms in daily activities. Environmentally disrupted circadian rhythms increase the risk of mood disorders in the general population. However, proof that a disturbance of circadian rhythms is causally involved in the development of psychiatric disorders remains elusive. Using clock gene mutants, manipulations of sleep-wake and light-dark cycles, and brain lesions affecting clock function, animal models have been developed to investigate whether circadian rhythm disruptions alter mood. In this review, selected animal models are examined to address the issue of causality between circadian rhythms and affective behavior.
Characterization of somatic cell nuclear reprogramming by oocytes in which a linker histone is required for pluripotency gene reactivation

When transplanted into Xenopus oocytes, the nuclei of mammalian somatic cells are reprogrammed to express stem cell genes such as Oct4, Nanog, and Sox2. We now describe an experimental system in which the pluripotency genes Sox2 and Oct4 are repressed in retinoic acid-treated ES cells but are reprogrammed up to 100% within 24 h by injection of nuclei into the germinal vesicle (GV) of growing Xenopus oocytes. The isolation of GVs in nonaqueous medium allows the reprogramming of individual injected nuclei to be seen in real time. Analysis using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching shows that nuclear transfer is associated with an increase in linker histone mobility. A simultaneous loss of somatic H1 linker histone and incorporation of the oocyte-specific linker histone B4 precede transcriptional reprogramming. The loss of H1 is not required for gene reprogramming. We demonstrate both by antibody injection experiments and by dominant negative interference that the incorporation of B4 linker histone is required for pluripotency gene reactivation during nuclear reprogramming. We suggest that the binding of oocyte-specific B4 linker histone to chromatin is a key primary event in the reprogramming of somatic nuclei transplanted to amphibian oocytes.
The Declining Significance of Homophobia: How Teenage Boys are Redefining Masculinity and Heterosexuality

Introduction Part 1: Setting the Scene Chapter 1: Researching Gender and Sexuality in Schools Chapter 2: The Study Part 2: Masculinities Chapter 3: Sex, Gender and Power Chapter 4: From Hegemonic Masculinity to Inclusive Masculinities Chapter 5: Teenage Boys and Schooling Chapter 6: The Rise and Fall of Homophobia Part 3: The Declining Significance of Homophobia Chapter 7: Decreasing Homohysteria Chapter 8: Heterosexual Recuperation Chapter 9: Popularity without Oppression Chapter 10: Homosexually-Themed Language Chapter 11: Gay Friendly High Schools
Pupil location under mesopic, photopic, and pharmacologically dilated conditions.

PURPOSE To determine whether there are systematic changes in pupil location with changes in the state of pupil size and with other ocular variables. METHODS High-resolution images of the pupil of the eyes of 70 subjects were taken using an infrared-sensitive camera. Images were obtained under mesopic, photopic, and pharmacologically dilated conditions. From the images, the center and diameter of the corneal limbus and the pupil were computed. In addition, the location of the first Purkinje image was calculated. RESULTS The pupil center shifted consistently temporally as the pupil dilated. The total motion was relatively small, with a mean distance of 0.133 mm motion between the mesopic and photopic conditions, with the pupil diameter changing from 6.3 to 4.1 mm. Ninety percent of the subjects had a motion of less than 0.3 mm. One patient showed a motion of almost 0.6 mm. The change in location of the pupil center was not significantly related to refractive error, age, or the change of pupil diameter. CONCLUSIONS Changes in the location of the pupil center with changes in the dilation of the pupil are typically slight, but can be significant in a few subjects, especially in pharmacologically dilated pupils.
Classification of abelian hereditary directed categories satisfying Serre duality

In an ongoing project to classify all hereditary abelian categories, we provide a classification of Ext-finite directed hereditary abelian categories satisfying Serre duality up to derived equivalence. In order to prove the classification, we will study the shapes of Auslander-Reiten components extensively and use appropriate generalizations of tilting objects and coordinates, namely partial tilting sets and probing of objects by quasi-simples.
Impacts of Interannual Ocean Circulation Variability on Japanese Eel Larval Migration in the Western North Pacific Ocean

The Japanese eel larvae hatch near the West Mariana Ridge seamount chain and travel through the North Equatorial Current (NEC), the Kuroshio, and the Subtropical Countercurrent (STCC) region during their shoreward migration toward East Asia. The interannual variability of circulation over the subtropical and tropical regions of the western North Pacific Ocean is affected by the Philippines–Taiwan Oscillation (PTO). This study examines the effect of the PTO on the Japanese eel larval migration routes using a three-dimensional (3D) particle tracking method, including vertical and horizontal swimming behavior. The 3D circulation and hydrography used for particle tracking are from the ocean circulation reanalysis produced by the Japan Coastal Ocean Predictability Experiment 2 (JCOPE2). Our results demonstrate that bifurcation of the NEC and the strength and spatial variation of the Kuroshio affect the distribution and migration of eel larvae. During the positive phase of PTO, more virtual eels (“v-eels”) can enter the Kuroshio to reach the south coast of Japan and more v-eels reach the South China Sea through the Luzon Strait; the stronger and more offshore swing of the Kuroshio in the East China Sea leads to fewer eels entering the East China Sea and the onshore movement of the Kuroshio to the south of Japan brings the eels closer to the Japanese coast. Significant differences in eel migration routes and distributions regulated by ocean circulation in different PTO phases can also affect the otolith increment. The estimated otolith increment suggests that eel age tends to be underestimated after six months of simulation due to the cooler lower layer temperature. Underestimation is more significant in the positive PTO years due to the wide distribution in higher latitudes than in the negative PTO years.
Research Reports: Acceptance of the Long Cane by Persons who are Blind in South India

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Improved standard error estimator for maintaining the validity of inference in cluster randomized trials with a small number of clusters

Cluster randomized trials (CRTs) are studies in which clusters of subjects are randomized to different trial arms. Due to the nature of outcomes within the same cluster to be correlated, generalized estimating equations (GEE) are growing as a popular choice for the analysis of data arising from CRTs. In the past, research has shown that analyses using GEE could result in liberal inference due to the use of the empirical sandwich covariance matrix estimator, which can yield negatively biased standard error estimates when the number of clusters is not large. Many techniques have been presented to correct this negative bias; however, use of these corrections can still result in biased standard error estimates and thus test sizes that are not consistently at their nominal level. Therefore, there is a need for an improved correction such that nominal type I error rates will consistently result. In this manuscript, we study the use of recently developed corrections for empirical standard error estimation and the use of a combination of two popular corrections. In an extensive simulation study, we found that nominal type I error rates can be consistently attained when using an average of two popular corrections developed by Mancl and DeRouen ( , Biometrics 57, 126–134) and Kauermann and Carroll ( , Journal of the American Statistical Association 96, 1387–1396). Therefore, use of this new correction was found to notably outperform the use of previously recommended corrections.
Adaptación y validación de la versión española de la Escala de Motivación Educativa en estudiantes de educación secundaria postobligatoria

Resumen El propósito de este trabajo fue adaptar y validar la Escala de Motivación Educativa (EME-E) en estudiantes de Secundaria postobligatoria. Participaron en el estudio 425 estudiantes, 239 de bachillerato y 186 de ciclos deformación profesional. La versión española adaptada denominada Escala de Motivación Educativa en secundaria (EME-S) mostró una estructura factorial oblicua de siete factores. Los resultados mostraron correlaciones positivas entre las subescalas más autodeterminadas y las variables autoestima y autoconcepto académico. La fiabilidad mostró niveles adecuados. El análisis de varianza multivariado mostró un perfil más autodeterminado en las mujeres y en los estudiantes de ciclos de formación profesional. Finalmente, los resultados apoyan parcialmente la utilización de la EME-S en el contexto de la educación secundaria postobligatoria para evaluar los diferentes tipos de motivación.
A Feminist Analysis of Popular Music

Abstract A qualitative content analysis was conducted on lyrics to identify predominant themes in popular music. The songs for analysis were determined by “The Hot 100” list generated by Billboard Chart Research Services. Feminist and cognitive social learning theories provided a foundation to identify themes. Power over, objectification of, and violence against women was the overall framework that emerged from the lyrics. Within this framework, six themes were identified: men and power, sex as top priority for males, objectification of women, sexual violence, women defined by having a man, and women as not valuing themselves. These themes send gender and relationship messages to music listeners, who are predominantly adolescents. As marriage and family therapists, we can utilize these deconstructed lyrical messages to teach clients about power socialization and its negative effects on relationships.
Trimmomatic: a flexible trimmer for Illumina sequence data

Motivation: Although many next-generation sequencing (NGS) read preprocessing tools already existed, we could not find any tool or combination of tools that met our requirements in terms of flexibility, correct handling of paired-end data and high performance. We have developed Trimmomatic as a more flexible and efficient preprocessing tool, which could correctly handle paired-end data. Results: The value of NGS read preprocessing is demonstrated for both reference-based and reference-free tasks. Trimmomatic is shown to produce output that is at least competitive with, and in many cases superior to, that produced by other tools, in all scenarios tested. Availability and implementation: Trimmomatic is licensed under GPL V3. It is cross-platform (Java 1.5+ required) and available at http://www.usadellab. org/cms/index.php? page=trimmomatic Contact: usadel@bio1.rwth-aachen.de Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Clinicopathological characteristics of hepatocellular carcinoma in Turkey.

BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the main malignant tumor of the liver, is very common and highly lethal. The aim of this study was to determine its clinicopathologic characteristics and risk factors in Turkey. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, patients who were diagnosed as suffering from HCC in the period between August 2004 and December 2011 were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS A total of 98 patients were included, with a median age 61 (range: 16 to 82). Seventy nine (80.6%) were male 59 (60.2%) were infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and 15 (15.3%) with HCV, another 15 (15.3%) being alcohol abusers. Seventy two (73.5%) were at advanced stage and 54 (55.1%) had elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). Surgery, chemoembolization, systemic chemotherapy and application of the tyrosine kinase inhibitor sorafenib were the major treatment options. CONCLUSIONS According to our findings HCC is mostly diagnosed in advanced stage and age, being five times more common in males than females. Main risk factors of HCC are HBV infection, HCV infection and alcohol abuse. Elevation in AFP may facilitate early diagnosis of HCC in high risk groups.
Regulation During Cooperative and Collaborative Learning: A Theory-Based Review of Terms and Concepts

This article reviews the terms and concepts that have been used for describing regulation of learning during cooperative and collaborative learning and suggests differentiating them on the basis of which parts of a regulatory feedback loop model are being shared. During cooperative and collaborative learning, not only self-regulation but also the regulation of the group process is important. This regulation might occur on both an individual level and a social level. Several modes of regulation have been identified, but the terms used for them vary tremendously—including social regulation, socially shared regulation, coregulation, and other-regulation. This article seeks to clarify the diverse terminology. To this end, we use a theoretical framework based on Winne and Hadwin's (1998) model of self-regulated learning to analyze how the different terms are used in the literature. We make and exemplify suggestions for a consistent usage of terms.
Contemporary results for isolated aortic valve surgery.

BACKGROUND We aimed to give an overview of the contemporary status of aortic valve replacement. MATERIALS AND METHODS This single-center prospective study was initiated in January 2003. From this date on, every patient with aortic valve disease admitted to our hospital was reviewed by a cardiologist and a surgeon to determine eligibility for replacement. In no instance was the operation denied in the absence of surgical consultation. All operations were performed using a median sternotomy, with cardiopulmonary bypass and cardioplegic arrest. RESULTS A total of 873 cases were screened until the end of the study. We identified three groups of patients: Group 1 (inoperable cases) consisted of 15 patients (1 %); Group 2 (high-risk cases) included 99 patients with an additive EuroSCORE ≥ 10 or an expected mortality > 20 % (logistic model); Group 3 (moderate- to low-risk cases) consisted of 759 patients with an additive EuroSCORE < 10 or an expected mortality < 20 %. In-hospital mortality was 6.0 % (6/99) for Group 2 and 0.3 % (3/759) for Group 3. Major complications occurred in 5 patients of Group 2 (5 %) and in 9 patients of Group 3 (1.1 %). At predischarge echocardiography, 99.3 % of the implanted valves were perfect. At a follow-up of 28.9 ± 12.3 months 798/849 patients were alive; 89 % of them (711) were in NYHA 1-2. CONCLUSIONS Surgical aortic valve replacement provides excellent results and has a low operative mortality even in high-risk patients. Surgical consultation for every aortic patient resulted in an extremely low rate of surgery refusals. Our data should be regarded as a benchmark for transcatheter techniques.
Emotion and motivation

1. Emotion by Brian Parkinson, University of Leicester, UK 2. Hunger and Appetite by John E. Blundell and Andrew J Hill, University of Leeds, UK 3. Social Motivation by Russell G Geen, University of Missouri, USA 4. Sexual Motivation and Behaviour by John Bancroft, MRC Reproductive Biology Unit, UK 5. Stress and Coping by Robert J Gatchell, University of Texas Southwestern, Medical Centre, USA
Hardness of Approximation for Morse Matching

We consider the approximability of maximization and minimization variants of the Morse matching problem, posed as open problems by Joswig and Pfetsch. We establish hardness results for Max-Morse matching and Min-Morse matching. In particular, we show that, for a simplicial complex with n simplices and dimension $d \leq 3$, it is NP-hard to approximate Min-Morse matching within a factor of $O(n^{1-\epsilon})$, for any $\epsilon > 0$. Moreover, using an L-reduction from Degree 3 Max-Acyclic Subgraph to Max-Morse matching, we show that it is both NP-hard and UGC-hard to approximate Max-Morse matching for simplicial complexes of dimension $d \leq 2$ within certain explicit constant factors.
Effect of aquatic physical therapy on pain and state of sleep and wakefulness among stable preterm newborns in neonatal intensive care units.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of aquatic physical therapy on pain and on the cycle of sleep and wakefulness among stable hospitalized premature infants. METHODS This study was characterized as an uncontrolled clinical trial on a time series and included 12 clinically stable newborns of gestational age less than 36 weeks who were hospitalized in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). After selection, the newborns were placed in a liquid medium for aquatic physical therapy lasting 10 minutes. Movements to stimulate flexor posture and postural organization were performed. The sleep-wakefulness cycle was assessed using the adapted Brazelton (1973)* scale and pain was assessed by the occurrence of signs of pain according to the Neonatal Facial Coding System (NFCS) scale; and physiological parameters. RESULTS In relation to states of sleep and wakefulness, before the physical therapy, the newborns' behavior varied from fully awake with vigorous body movements to crying. After the physical therapy, the states of sleep ranged from light sleep with closed eyes to some body movement. These values presented statistically significant differences (p<0.001). The score on the pain assessment scale also decreased from 5.38+/-0.91 to 0.25+/-0.46, with p<0.001 after the intervention. The vital signs remained stable. CONCLUSIONS It is suggested that aquatic physical therapy can be a simple and effective method for reducing pain and improving sleep quality among preterm infants in NICUs. Controlled studies with larger numbers of subjects are needed in order to generalize the results. Article registered of the Clinical Trials under the NCT00785837.
Mecp2 regulates neural cell differentiation by suppressing the Id1 to Her2 axis in zebrafish

ABSTRACT Rett syndrome (RTT) is a progressive neurological disorder caused by mutations in the X-linked protein methyl-CpG-binding protein 2 (MeCP2). The endogenous function of MeCP2 during neural differentiation is still unclear. Here, we report that mecp2 is required for brain development in zebrafish. Mecp2 was broadly expressed initially in embryos and enriched later in the brain. Either morpholino knockdown or genetic depletion of mecp2 inhibited neuronal differentiation, whereas its overexpression promoted neuronal differentiation, suggesting an essential role of mecp2 in directing neural precursors into differentiated neurons. Mechanistically, her2 (the zebrafish ortholog of mammalian Hes5) was upregulated in mecp2 morphants in an Id1-dependent manner. Moreover, knockdown of either her2 or id1 fully rescued neuronal differentiation in mecp2 morphants. These results suggest that Mecp2 plays an important role in neural cell development by suppressing the Id1–Her2 axis, and provide new evidence that embryonic neural defects contribute to the later motor and cognitive dysfunctions in RTT. Summary: Mecp2 suppresses neural cell development by suppressing the Id1–Her2 (Hes5 in mammals) axis, which is a mechanism that might contribute to the later motor and cognitive dysfunctions in Rett syndrome.