Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Surprise versus suspense in the production of stress reaction.

The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the relationship between duration of harm anticipation and magnitude of the associated stress response. 2 versions of a film portraying 3 wood-mill accidents were constructed. In the short anticipation, or "surprise" version, the 1st 2 accidents occurred virtually without warning; in the long anticipation, or "suspense" version, they were preceded by 20-30 sec. of clue-furnishing scenes. Results indicated that long anticipation was more stressful than short anticipation, consistently producing higher levels of autonomic disturbance. Moreover, most of the physiological stress reaction occurred during the periods of anticipation, rather than during the actual confrontations with accident scenes.
The phenomenon of self-translation in Puerto Rican and Puerto Rican U.S. diaspora literature written by women : the cases of Esmeralda Santiago's América's Dream (1996) and Rosario Ferré's The House on the Lagoon (1995), from a postcolonial perspective

This research aims to understand self-translation as a postcolonial, social, political, cultural and linguistic phenomenon and it focuses on how it communicates a hybrid transcultural identity that not only challenges the monolingual literary canons and concepts of national homogeneous identities, but also subverts to patriarchal society. Thus, I understand self-translation as a mean of empowerment and contestation.The cases under study are Puerto Rican writers Rosario Ferr� and Esmeralda Santiago, and their novels The House on the Lagoon and Am�rica? s Dream, written in English and translated into Spanish by the authors themselves. I believe that Rosario Ferr� and Esmeralda Santiago are representative of a group of writers, artists and intellectuals who through their work originated from the island and from the U.S. Diaspora, have aimed to give voice to a Puerto Rican postcolonial hybrid identity that has been silenced until recently. Therefore, they disrupt the official national cultural and linguistic discourse about the Puerto Rican identity that has been weaved by the Spanish language in opposition to U.S. colonialist attempts of linguistic and cultural assimilation. This dissertation is located in the intersection between the fields of comparative literature, translation, cultural, gender and postcolonial studies. The question that guides this research is: Is self-translation in the case of Puerto Rico, a result of cultural hybridity in Puerto Rico? s postcolonial context? Therefore, this is a multidisciplinary research project that integrates elements from the humanities and the social sciences. Methodologically, it integrates qualitative and quantitative approaches. Hence, hybridity is embedded in this research not only because it discusses English and Spanish writing, but because it includes textual analysis, content analysis and statistical analysis. The main finding is the deep conection between socio-political context, language, culture, identity, power and translation that supports the idea that self-translation is a postcolonial act, which in the case of Puerto Rico is strongly related to hybridity as an everyday practice of identity affirmation.
Parent-child relationships in stepfamilies

If we assume a bond between parent and child and some type of positive attraction between the adult partners, then the relationships in the stepfamily that lack raison d'etre are those between stepparent and stepchild. These results suggest that proactive attention should be given to the steprelationship if all members of the household are to be happy in the new family. A lack of primary focus on parent-child relationships
are at greater risk of morbidity than others , and who are more vulnerable to the harmful effects of chronic infections

Prison inmates are among the high risk population for dangerous helminthes infections and other contagious diseases. This study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of intestinal helminthiasis among prison inmates in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. Fresh stool samples from 300 inmates in Jos central prison were screened for helminthes infections using Formal-ether concentration and Kato-Katz techniques. Of the 300 inmates examined, 27(9.00%) were infected with at least one of the four species of intestinal helminthes isolated: Ascaris lumbricoides (1.91%), Ancylostoma duodenale (2.21%), Schistosoma mansoni (4.18%) and Strongyloides stercoralis (0.33%). Helminthes infection was highest among inmates within age group <20 (16.10%). The prevalence of helminthes infection with respect to various prison units showed that inmates serving jail terms were most parasitized (14.00%). In relation to gender, male had the prevalence of 9.25% while no female inmate was infected with intestinal helminthes. There was no statistical relationship between the prevalence of intestinal helminthiasis (P> 0.05) with respect to age groups and the various prison units. Efforts to promote hygienic practices and health education were highly recommended.
Acquisition dependent random access for connectionless CDMA systems

We consider connectionless packet switched CDMA systems where all users have to share a common bandwidth and signature sequence on a contention basis. Multiple access is achieved by the simultaneous acquisition of different users' spread spectrum transmissions. The throughput of a pure random access system of this kind suffers from acquisition errors and timing mismatches of the active users as well as instability issues. We consider schemes that use information available at the physical layer, i.e., at the output of the multiuser access detector (MUAD) designed for this random access system, to improve and stabilize the throughput. We consider timing randomization, pseudo-Bayesian stabilization and collision resolution algorithms and report the corresponding numerical results.
Acidogenic Fermentation Towards Valorisation of Organic Waste Streams into Volatile Fatty Acids

Anaerobic acidification of eight organic streams (cheese whey, sugarcane molasses, organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW), glycerol, soapy slurry, winery wastewater, olive mill effluent, and landfill leachate) was evaluated in batch experiments to determine their acidogenic potential and examine the composition of the produced volatile fatty acids (VFA). Cheese whey, molasses and OFMSW presented the highest acidogenic potentials (0.3 to 0.4 gVFA per g of chemical oxygen demand fed, COD fed ) with the predominance of acetic, n-butyric and propionic acids. A further experimental set was applied to cheese whey, by varying food-to-microorganism ratio (F/M) and initial alkalinity. Maximisation of VFA production (up to 0.63 gVFA g –1 COD fed ) was obtained for an initial alkalinity of 5 – 7 g L –1 as CaCO 3 and F/M ratios of 2 – 4 gCOD g –1 VSS. Moreover, it was demonstrated that low F/M ratios combined with high alkalinity supply can shift the VFA profile by increasing the production of pro pionic and n-valeric acids. The results are useful towards optimal designs for acido genic processes based on the composition of the VFA produced, since the control of the acidification products is crucial for valorisation in some applications.
High-Density Lipoproteins Suppress Chemokines and Chemokine Receptors In Vitro and In Vivo

Objective—To investigate whether high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) suppress chemokine (CCL2, CCL5, and CX3CL1) and chemokine receptor (CCR2 and CX3CR1) expression, a mechanism for the atheroprotective properties of HDLs. Methods and Results—Apolipoprotein (apo) E−/− mice were fed a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Before being euthanized, the mice received 5 consecutive daily injections of lipid-free apoA-I, 40 mg/kg, or saline (control). The injection of apoA-I reduced CCR2 and CX3CR1 expression in plaques compared with controls (P<0.05). ApoA-I–injected mice had lower plasma CCL2 and CCL5 levels. Hepatic CCL2, CCL5, and CX3CL1 levels were also reduced (P<0.05). In vitro studies found that reconstituted HDL (rHDL) reduced monocyte CCR2 and CX3CR1 expression and inhibited their migration toward CCL2 and CX3CL1 (P<0.05). Preincubation with rHDL reduced CCL2, CCL5, and CX3CL1 expression in monocytes and human coronary artery endothelial cells. The stimulation of CX3CR1 with peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor &ggr; agonist CAY10410 was suppressed by preincubation with rHDL but did not affect the peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor &ggr; antagonist (GW9664)–mediated increase in CCR2. In monocytes and human coronary artery endothelial cells, rHDL reduced the expression of the nuclear p65 subunit, I&kgr;B kinase activity, and the phosphorylation of I&kgr;B&agr; (P<0.05). Conclusion—Lipid-free apoA-I and rHDL reduce the expression of chemokines and chemokine receptors in vivo and in vitro via modulation of nuclear factor &kgr;B and peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor &ggr;.
THE NEW CENTURY'S CHANGE: NEW CHALLENGES AND CURRICULUM RESPONSES

The present culture change also comes from the convergence of a number of transformations in practically all human activities which gives the totality greater breadth and depth than the simple sum of each one. In this totality, people once again become aware of the place of knowledge and education in societies, of the opportunities they open up (Toffler, 1990; Thurow, 1996), and of the risks involved in how they are currently distributed (Tedesco, 2000). This presentation is an attempt to reflect on the challenges of the contemporary culture change for education systems and established institutions, particularly from the standpoint of the curriculum and the attempts to reform it in the short and medium term. It makes no claims to originality, but rather to bring a discussion up to date. It is organized in four parts. The first part provides some material on the above mentioned trends and on the challenges they represent for education. The second part attempts to systematize some of the more dynamic responses being developed to meet them, the third goes further into some aspects relating to the curriculum changes among those responses and the fourth and last presents some of the tensions and conflicts that surround attempts to construct such responses. Finally, there is a reflection on a recurring debate: in the light of so many new challenges: is it worth while to keep trying to reform schools? 1. Trends in contemporary development and educational demands. The current culture change raises at least six new educational demands associated with the same number of converging trends for change: i) educating active rigorous and flexible individuals, rather than skilled workers for pre-established jobs, ii) counterbalancing the increasing inequalities and their consequences in terms of poverty and marginalization, iii) treating diversity as a valuable resource different from inequality, iv) educating to recreate politics, v) preparing to face an increasingly broad spectrum of personal decisions and vi) preparing for both the introduction and prevention of the paradoxical effects of technical progress. Educating active individuals in a context of significant change.
Position and potential of service-dominant logic - Evaluated in an ‘ism’ frame for further development

This work offers a framework for researchers by linking service-dominant (S-D) logic to an intersubjective stream of philosophy of science. Service-dominant logic has resonated in marketing, but no existing research has attempted to link S-D logic with basic meta-theory to provide a framework. Since the range of philosophies of science (isms) referred to in the marketing literature is broad, varying from ‘realism’ to ‘relativism’, from ‘positivism’ to ‘constructivism’ and from ‘structuralism’ to ‘post-structuralism/postmodernism’, first the different isms are grouped into four main groups/streams and then S-D logic is analyzed and classified according to these streams. The four streams are: object-orientation (realism, positivism, empiricism, and so on); subject orientation (constructivism, interpretivism, and so forth); intersubjective orientation (social constructionism, pancritical rationalism, methodological constructivism, and so on); and sign orientation (post-structuralism, postmodernism, and variations). S-D logic is mainly underpinned by an intersubjective orientation and has a huge potential for further development both in and for marketing if seen from a sign-orientated, post-structural perspective and linked to the theory of practices.
Selective Disruption of the Cerebral Neocortex in Alzheimer's Disease

Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its transitional state mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are characterized by amyloid plaque and tau neurofibrillary tangle (NFT) deposition within the cerebral neocortex and neuronal loss within the hippocampal formation. However, the precise relationship between pathologic changes in neocortical regions and hippocampal atrophy is largely unknown. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study, combining structural MRI scans and automated image analysis tools with reduced cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aß levels, a surrogate for intra-cranial amyloid plaques and elevated CSF phosphorylated tau (p-tau) levels, a surrogate for neocortical NFTs, we examined the relationship between the presence of Alzheimer's pathology, gray matter thickness of select neocortical regions, and hippocampal volume in cognitively normal older participants and individuals with MCI and AD (n = 724). Amongst all 3 groups, only select heteromodal cortical regions significantly correlated with hippocampal volume. Amongst MCI and AD individuals, gray matter thickness of the entorhinal cortex and inferior temporal gyrus significantly predicted longitudinal hippocampal volume loss in both amyloid positive and p-tau positive individuals. Amongst cognitively normal older adults, thinning only within the medial portion of the orbital frontal cortex significantly differentiated amyloid positive from amyloid negative individuals whereas thinning only within the entorhinal cortex significantly discriminated p-tau positive from p-tau negative individuals. Conclusions/Significance Cortical Aβ and tau pathology affects gray matter thinning within select neocortical regions and potentially contributes to downstream hippocampal degeneration. Neocortical Alzheimer's pathology is evident even amongst older asymptomatic individuals suggesting the existence of a preclinical phase of dementia.
Support for effective use of multiple video streams in security

Video surveillance systems have become common across a wide number of environments. While these installations have included more video streams, they have been also placed in contexts with limited personnel for monitoring the video feeds. In such settings, limited human attention in combination with the quantity of video makes it difficult for security personnel to identify activities of interest. Furthermore, interrelationships among activities in different video streams are difficult to ascertain. We have developed applications to support security personnel both in analyzing recorded video and in monitoring live video streams. We use a variety of analysis techniques to determine unusual events and to highlight them in video images. Our main focus has been on visualization techniques and user interfaces that direct the attention of security personnel to the most important activities within recorded video or among several live video streams.
Early evaluation of tumour metabolic response using [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose and positron emission tomography:a pilot study following the phase II chemotherapy schedule for temozolomide in recurrent high-grade gliomas

Quantitation of metabolic changes in tumours may provide an objective measure of clinical and subclinical response to anticancer therapy. This pilot study assesses the value of quantitation of metabolic rate of glucose (MRGlu) measured in mmol min–1ml–1to assess early subclinical response to therapy in a relatively non-responsive tumour. Nine patients receiving the CRC Phase II study schedule of temozolomide were assessed with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) scans prior to and 14 days after treatment with temozolomide given as 750–1000 mg m–2over 5 days every 28 days. Tumour MRGlu was calculated and compared with objective response at 8 weeks. Pretreatment MRGlu was higher in responders than non-responders. The responding patient group had a greater than 25% reduction in MRGlu in regions of high focal tumour uptake (HFU). Whole tumour changes in MRGlu did not correlate with response. Percentage change in HFU standardized uptake value (SUV) did discriminate the responding from the non-responding patients, but not as well as with MRGlu. Large differences also occurred in the normal brain SUV following treatment. Thus, MRGlu appeared to be a more sensitive discriminator of response than the simplified static SUV analysis. Changes in MRGlu may reflect the degree of cell kill following chemotherapy and so may provide an objective, quantitative subclinical measure of response to therapy.
A cross-country comparison of survey nonparticipation in the ECHP -ISER working paper-

The European Community Household Panel (ECHP) is a very ambitious project whose main purpose is to collect comparable economic, social and demographic information at the individual and the household level throughout the European Union (EU). An attractive feature of the ECHP is its comparability across countries and over time. Indeed, a great deal of effort was devoted to harmonizing the survey characteristics. Nevertheless, the design and the organization of the survey are not completely standardized across countries. This paper exploits the variability of the survey characteristics, both across countries and over time, in order to identify the effects of various features of the data collection process on survey participation. We focus attention on survey nonparticipations caused by ineligibility, contact failure or lack of cooperation. We analyze cross-country differences in participation rates trying to disentangle the role played by differences in the socio-demographic composition of the national populations and the differential characteristics of the data collection process.
Iron links river runoff and shelf width to phytoplankton biomass along the U.S. West Coast

A poleward increase in phytoplankton biomass along the West Coast of North America has been attributed to increasing river runoff towards the north. We combine streamflow and shelf width data with satellite‐derived estimates of phytoplankton biomass to quantify the relationship between these variables. We find that a combination of winter streamflow and shelf width can account for over 80% of the spatial variance in summer chlorophyll within 50 km of the coast. At a given location, interannual variability in streamflow is not associated with interannual variability in chlorophyll. We attribute these relationships to the role of rivers as suppliers of the micronutrient iron, and the role of the shelf as a ‘capacitor’ for riverine iron, charging during the high‐flow winter season and discharging during the upwelling season. Data from the Oregon shelf confirm that, during winter, a significant fraction of riverine iron escapes the estuary and reaches the coastal ocean.
SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC CORRELATES OF CONSANGUINEOUS MARRIAGE IN THE MUSLIM POPULATION OF INDIA

Using data derived from the 1992–1993 National Family Health Survey, the sociodemographic characteristics of consanguineous marriage were determined in the Muslim population of India. In this nationally representative sample of 8436 women, consanguineous marriages accounted for 22·0% of the total. No differences between the consanguineous and non-consanguineous groups were observed in terms of mean age at marriage or mean age at cohabitation. The study confirmed the negative association between consanguineous marriage and maternal education but also indicated that women in consanguineous unions were more likely to be employed, albeit mainly in agricultural work on behalf of the family. Consanguineous couples more frequently lived in smaller towns and in an extended family environment. Somewhat conflicting results were obtained with indicators of socioeconomic status, but the overall picture suggested that consanguineous households had greater access to consumer goods because of their larger number of co-resident persons.
What about Nontraditional Masculinities? Toward a Quantitative Model of Therapeutic New Masculinity Ideology

Despite scholarly interest in changes in masculinity, no study to date offers quantitative measures of nontraditional masculinity ideologies. We identify common denominators of “new masculinity” (NM) ideology rooted in therapeutic discourse, which includes themes of authenticity and holistic self-awareness. A theoretical construct of NM was formalized from in-depth interviews and operationalized as the NM Inventory (NMI). The NMI was tested for structural and external validity in two quantitative samples of Israeli men. The inventory demonstrated discriminant validity with traditional and consumer masculinity ideologies, converged with self-labeling as feminist, and was uniquely predicted by lower levels of modern sexism. This suggests stronger associations between NM and feminist attitudes than previously argued. Lay responses confounded between self-labeling as new man and as metrosexual, echoing ambiguities in public rhetoric of NM. As a unique measure of nontraditional masculinity, the NMI can spur more systematic research into variable outcomes of contemporary understandings of masculinity.
Ventricular Assist Device Related Infections and Solid Organ Transplantation

A ventricular assist device (VAD) is a mechanical pump that augments the heart’s ability to provide appropriate blood flow. VAD therapy is well established for the management of patients with refractory heart failure. Compared to medical therapy alone it improves survival, functional status and quality of life (1–4). VADs may be used to support either the right ventricle (RVAD) or the left ventricle (LVAD), or both; the vast majority today is LVAD.
Characterization of surface antigens of Trichinella spiralis infective larvae

Infective larvae of Trichinella spiralis were surface‐labelled with radioactive iodine, and the products were characterized biochemically and immunochemically. The labelled material was restricted to two basic subunits: a lentil lectin‐adherent glycoprotein (GP), mol. wt 47K, and a lentil lectin‐non‐adherent protein fraction (P), mol. wt 55K. Both of these form homologous dimers through as yet unspecified covalent bonds to yield GP90 and P105. The GP is further polymerized into higher molecular weight forms by disulphide bond‐dependent associations, suggesting a highly cross‐linked arrangement in the cuticle. To what extent this structure contributes to the overall organization of the cuticle remains to be established. The two labelled surface molecules are immunogenic in the infected host, and do not react with a panel of sera taken from animals chronically infected with other nematode species. The approach therefore offers immediate possibilities for immunodiagnosis in nematode infections, and for a comparative immunochemical study of the surface cuticle of different stages of the same and different nematode species and for studies of the function of the nematode cuticle.