Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Combined Effects of CO2 and Light on the N2-Fixing Cyanobacterium Trichodesmium IMS101: A Mechanistic View1

The marine diazotrophic cyanobacterium Trichodesmium responds to elevated atmospheric CO2 partial pressure (pCO2) with higher N2 fixation and growth rates. To unveil the underlying mechanisms, we examined the combined influence of pCO2 (150 and 900 μatm) and light (50 and 200 μmol photons m−2 s−1) on Trichodesmium IMS101. We expand on a complementary study that demonstrated that while elevated pCO2 enhanced N2 fixation and growth, oxygen evolution and carbon fixation increased mainly as a response to high light. Here, we investigated changes in the photosynthetic fluorescence parameters of photosystem II, in ratios of the photosynthetic units (photosystem I:photosystem II), and in the pool sizes of key proteins involved in the fixation of carbon and nitrogen as well as their subsequent assimilation. We show that the combined elevation in pCO2 and light controlled the operation of the CO2-concentrating mechanism and enhanced protein activity without increasing their pool size. Moreover, elevated pCO2 and high light decreased the amounts of several key proteins (NifH, PsbA, and PsaC), while amounts of AtpB and RbcL did not significantly change. Reduced investment in protein biosynthesis, without notably changing photosynthetic fluxes, could free up energy that can be reallocated to increase N2 fixation and growth at elevated pCO2 and light. We suggest that changes in the redox state of the photosynthetic electron transport chain and posttranslational regulation of key proteins mediate the high flexibility in resources and energy allocation in Trichodesmium. This strategy should enable Trichodesmium to flourish in future surface oceans characterized by elevated pCO2, higher temperatures, and high light.
Creativity, organisational climate and innovation : an interdisciplinary, multilevel perspective

Creativity and innovation are increasingly recognised as important for business success. A primary concern for organisations seeking to encourage creativity and innovation is establishing an environment that is conducive to their occurrence. To gain a better understanding of the relationships between these constructs, the current research has taken an interdisciplinary, multilevel approach. Taking this approach answers multiple calls for empirical research that combines disciplines (in this case, the disparate psychology and innovation management literatures) and estimates cross-level relationships between Creative and Innovative Climate, Team Creativity and Front End Innovation, utilising advances in statistical analysis and computational modeling.The current research comprised three studies. Studies 1 (n=117, n=841) and 2 (n=416, n=841, n=30) developed two new psychometric measures: the Front End Innovation Scale and the Creative and Innovative Climate Scale. Measurement of both Creative and Innovative Climate and Front End Innovation has been fraught with problems. These have been problems of conceptualisation, in that there is no consensus as to which dimensions comprise either Creative and Innovative Climate or Front End Innovation, and also a problem of statistical robustness, as the majority of previous measures of both Creative and Innovative Climate and Front End Innovation have not been developed following psychometric principles. Study 3 (n=841) explored the single and multilevel relationships between Individual and Team Creativity, Front End Innovation and Creative and Innovative Climate, and investigated whether Individual Creativity and Individual Creative Performance are synonymous constructs. All studies used quantitative data derived from a questionnaire, which was supplemented in Study 2 by qualitative narrative data.In addition to the development of two new psychometric measures, the current research contributed to the understanding of what Front End Innovation and Creative and Innovative Climate are, and the factors that comprise them. Given the lack of definitional and measurement consensus surrounding these topics, this understanding can guide future research. Furthermore, Study 3 identified two aspects of Creative and Innovative Climate that seem to be the most important for creativity and innovation (Internal Networks and Team Cohesion), particularly at the team level where they accounted for a greater proportion of the variance than at the individual level. The dual role of formalised processes surrounding creativity and innovation was also discovered, in that formalised processes were perceived to hinder individuals but benefit Team Creativity and Front End Innovation. Very little previous research has explored these relationships and none identified this duality. Lastly, Study 3 represents the first comprehensive empirical investigation of the relationship between Creative and Innovative Climate and each aspect of Front End Innovation.
Mediator effects in the social development model: an examination of constituent theories.

BACKGROUND The social development model (SDM) provides an explanatory framework for the progression of antisocial behaviour in children and adolescents. Although previous research has assessed the predictive validity of the model, alternative associations based on the SDM's constituent theories have not been examined. METHOD Using structural equation modelling, a series of direct paths was examined for mediation by SDM constructs. Data for the study consisted of teacher-, parent- and self-report of 1016 fourth- and fifth-grade students from the Raising Healthy Children project, a longitudinal etiological study with an embedded preventive intervention. RESULTS Four of the seven paths examined were partially or totally mediated by SDM constructs. Specifically, the relationship between prosocial bonding and adolescent antisocial behaviour, as hypothesized by social control theory, was fully mediated by prosocial beliefs. As hypothesized by social learning theory, students' socioemotional and cognitive skills significantly predicted antisocial behaviour, independent of partial mediation through rewards, bonding and beliefs. As hypothesized by differential association theory, involvement with both prosocial and antisocial persons was directly associated with respective prosocial and antisocial beliefs, independent of partial mediation through rewards and bonding. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest additional associations that are not currently specified in the SDM and underscore the importance of re-examining hypotheses from constituent theories when integrating developmental models of antisocial behaviour.
The Association of Serum Total Peptide YY (PYY) with Obesity and Body Fat Measures in the CODING Study

Background PYY is an appetite suppressing hormone. Low circulating PYY has been linked to greater BMI. However data is controversial and this association has not been verified in large human populations. Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate if fasting serum total PYY is associated with obesity status and/or adiposity at the population level. Design A total of 2094 subjects (Male-523, Female-1571) participated in this investigation. Total PYY was measured in fasting serum by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Obesity status (NW-normal-weight, OW-overweight and OB-obese) was determined by the Bray Criteria according to body fat percentage measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and the WHO criteria according to BMI. One-way ANOVA and multiple regression was used to assess the adiposity-specific association between PYY and the following; weight, BMI, waist-circumference, hip-circumference, waist-hip ratio, percent body fat (%BF), trunk fat (%TF), android fat (%AF) and gynoid fat (%GF). Results PYY was not significantly different among NW, OW and OB groups defined by neither %BF nor BMI for both men and women. However among women, fasting PYY was positively associated with adiposity measures. Women with the highest (Top 33%) waist-circumference, %BF and %TF had significantly higher PYY (10.5%, 8.3% and 9.2% respectively) than women with the lowest (Bottom 33%). Age, smoking, medication use and menopause were all positively associated with PYY levels in women but not in men. Conclusion To our knowledge this is the largest population based study, with the most comprehensive analysis and measures of confounding factors, to explore the relationship of circulating PYY with obesity. Contrary to initial findings in the literature we discovered that PYY was positively associated with body fat measures (waist-circumference, %BF and %TF) in women. Although the effect size of the positive association of PYY with obesity in women is small, and potentially negligible, it may in fact represent a protective response against significant weight gain.
Capacity Building in Global Mental Health Research

&NA; Research‐generated information about mental disorders is crucial in order to establish the health needs in a given setting, to propose culturally apt and cost‐effective individual and collective interventions, to investigate their implementation, and to explore the obstacles that prevent recommended strategies from being implemented. Yet the capacity to undertake such research in low‐ and middle‐income countries is extremely limited. This article describes two methods that have proved successful in strengthening, or that have the potential to strengthen, mental health research capacity in low‐resource settings. We identify the central challenges to be faced, review current programs offering training and mentorship, and summarize the key lessons learned. A structured approach is proposed for the career development of research staff at every career stage, to be accompanied by performance monitoring and support. A case example from the Mental Health and Poverty Project in sub‐Saharan Africa illustrates how this approach can be put into practice—in particular, by focusing upon training in core transferrable research skills.
Diagnostic Devices for Isothermal Nucleic Acid Amplification

Since the development of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, genomic information has been retrievable from lesser amounts of DNA than previously possible. PCR-based amplifications require high-precision instruments to perform temperature cycling reactions; further, they are cumbersome for routine clinical use. However, the use of isothermal approaches can eliminate many complications associated with thermocycling. The application of diagnostic devices for isothermal DNA amplification has recently been studied extensively. In this paper, we describe the basic concepts of several isothermal amplification approaches and review recent progress in diagnostic device development.
The Maternity Blues in Post-partum and Post-operative Women

In order to establish whether the maternity blues is peculiar to the puerperium a selfrating blues questionnaire was administered to women after childbirth and after surgery. A period of dysphoria, similar in many respects to the maternity blues, was experienced by women post-operatively. The main difference between maternity and post-operative patterns of dysphoria seemed to lie in the timing of the blues, but on closer analysis many post-operative dysphoric symptoms peaked in a similar way to those in the maternity group. In the search for the cause of the maternity blues it may be helpful to study the same parameters in post-operative dysphoria.
Chronic alcoholism and male sexual function.

OBJECTIVE The relation between chronic alcohol abuse and male sexuality remains uncertain. This study assessed the effect of chronic alcoholism on sexual function, marital adjustment, sleep-related erections, sleep disorders, and hormone levels during abstinence from alcohol. METHOD Twenty chronically alcoholic men, aged 28-59 years, without evidence of severe hepatic disease and free from unrelated medical illnesses, were assessed 2-36 months after achieving sobriety and compared to a group of 20 nonalcoholic volunteers. Each subject and his sexual partner underwent semistructured interviews and completed several questionnaires; the men had medical and psychiatric evaluations and polygraphic assessment of sleep parameters and nocturnal penile tumescence during 4 nights, with the last night devoted to sequential blood sampling for evaluation of hormone levels. RESULTS The alcoholic men did not differ from the comparison group in any sexual dimension or in the prevalence of sexual problems despite the significant marital dissatisfaction reported by their sexual partners. In addition, there were no differences between groups in sleep and nocturnal penile tumescence measures. The alcoholic group had a greater prevalence of periodic leg movement disorders but no respiratory abnormalities during sleep. Except for a significant overnight increase in plasma luteinizing hormone in the alcoholic men, there were no differences between groups in total and bioavailable testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and prolactin or in the nocturnal circadian changes in testosterone and prolactin levels. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that prolonged and severe alcohol abuse in men is compatible with normal sexual function during sobriety in the absence of substantial hepatic or gonadal failure.
Optimal detection of visual evoked potentials

The authors consider the problem of detecting visual evoked potentials (VEP's). A matched subspace filter is applied to the detection of the VEP and is demonstrated to perform better than a number of other evoked potential detectors. Unlike single-harmonic detectors, the matched subspace filter (MSF) detector is suitable for detecting multiharmonic VEP's. Moreover, the MSF is optimal in the uniformly most powerful sense for multiharmonic signals with unknown noise variance.
On nonrepresentable G-polyadic algebras with representable cylindric reducts

In [10], Sayed Ahmed recently has shown that there exists an infinite dimensional non-representable quasi-polyadic equality algebra (QPEAω, for short) with a representable cylindric reduct. In this paper we continue related investigations and show that if G⊆ωω is a semigroup containing at least one constant function, then a wide class of representable cylindric algebras occur as the cylindric reduct of some non-representable G-PEAω. More concretely, we prove that if A is an ω-dimensional cylindric set algebra with an infinite base set, then there exists a non-representable G-PEAω whose cylindric reduct is representable and contains an isomorphic copy of A.
Eliminating log rolling as a spine trauma order

Background: Currently, up to 25% of patients with spinal cord injuries may experience neurologic deterioration during the initial management of their injuries. Therefore, more effective procedures need to be established for the transportation and care of these to reduce the risk of secondary neurologic damage. Here, we present more acceptable methods to minimize motion in the unstable spine during the management of patients with traumatic spine injuries. Methods: This review summarizes more than a decade of research aimed at evaluating different methods of caring for patients with spine trauma. Results: The most commonly utilized technique to transport spinal cord injured patients, the log rolling maneuver, produced more motion than placing a patient on a spine board, removing a spine board, performing continuous lateral therapy, and positioning a patient prone for surgery. Alternative maneuvers that produced less motion included the straddle lift and slide, 6 + lift and slide, scoop stretcher, mechanical kinetic therapy, mechanical transfers, and the use of the operating table to rotate the patient to the prone position for surgical stabilization. Conclusions: The log roll maneuver should be removed from the trauma response guidelines for patients with suspected spine injuries, as it creates significantly more motion in the unstable spine than the readily available alternatives. The only exception is the patient who is found prone, in which case the patient should then be log rolled directly on to the spine board utilizing a push technique.
Sexual Fantasies, Attitudes and Behavior as a Function of Race, Gender and Religiosity

Race, gender, socioeconomic status (SES), and religiosity factors were examined as influence of sexual fantasies and their behavioral expression. Four groups of fifty undergraduate college students were administered Kilpatrick's Sexual Attitude and Behavior Survey (SABS): 1) black male; 2) black female; 3) white male; and 4) white female. A reliability estimate for the SABS was also obtained indicating adequacy for the scale. Results indicated significant differences between the racial groups for the Male Behavior, Female Fantasy, and Personal Fantasy attitudinal measures. Low church attenders were shown to be more sexually permissive than high church attenders. Also, some measures indicated significant sex differences, but no significant effect was found for SES in the ANOVA's. Interestingly, the only significant interactions (disordinal) revealed by the ANOVA's were race x religiosity. For all groups except the black female group, attitudes were found to be moderately correlated with behavior. Inconsistent with previous findings, white males were generally the most permissive group.
Integrasi Pembelajaran Active Learning dan Internet-Based Learning dalam Meningkatkan Keaktifan dan Kreativitas Belajar

The learning process in higher education can use constructivist learning strategies for activeness and creativity of students. This study aimed to describe the integration of active learning and internet-based learning and to explain the factors supporting and inhibiting. From the observation data, interviews and documentation of the 31 students of the Department of Teacher Education for Islamic Primary Education (PGMI) and the lecturer of STAIN Ponorogo can be seen that the integration of active learning and Internetbased learning can enhance the activeness and creativity of student learning in the course. Factors supporting this result are the application of learning strategies, giving clear guidance, student learning motivation high and the availability of learning facilities and infrastructure. The factors that inhibit is the limited time, the dominance of smart students and unpreparedness of students receiving new material. Abstrak Proses pembelajaran di perguruan tinggi dapat menggunakan strategi pembelajaran konstruktivistik untuk keaktifan dan kreativitas mahasiswa. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk mendeskripsikan integrasi active learning daninternet-based learning untuk menjelaskan faktor pendukung dan penghambatnya. Dari data observasi, interview dan dokumentasi terhadap 31 mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Guru Madrasah Ibtidaiyah (PGMI) dan dosen STAIN Ponorogo dapat diketahui bahwa integrasi active learning dan internet-based learning dapat meningkatkan keaktifan dan kreativitas belajar mahasiswa di program studi tersebut. Faktor yang mendukung hasil ini adalah penerapan strategi pembelajaran, pemberian pengarahan yang jelas, motivasi belajar mahasiswa yang tinggi dan tersedianya sarana dan prasarana pembelajaran. Adapun faktor yang menghambat adalah keterbatasan waktu, dominasi mahasiswa pintar dan ketidaksiapan mahasiswa menerima materi baru.
Register based monitoring shows decreasing socioeconomic differences in Finnish perinatal health

Study objective: Several studies on differences in infant outcome by socioeconomic position have been done, but these have usually been based on ad hoc data linkages. The aim of this paper was to investigate whether socioeconomic differences in perinatal health in Finland could be regularly monitored using routinely collected data from one single register. Design and setting: Since October 1990, the Finnish Medical Birth Register (MBR) has included data on maternal occupation. A special computer program that converted the occupation name into an occupational code and into a socioeconomic position was prepared. Perinatal health was measured with five different indicators. The Finnish MBR data for years 1991 to 1999 (n=565 863 newborns) were used in the study. The study period was divided into three, three year periods to study time trends. Results: An occupational code was derived for 95% of women, but it was not possible to define a socioeconomic position for 22% of women, including, for example, students and housewives (the group “Others”). For the rest, the data showed socioeconomic differences in all perinatal health indicators. Maternal smoking explained up to half of the excess risk for adverse perinatal outcome in the lowest socioeconomic group. The socioeconomic differences narrowed during the 1990s: infant outcome improved in the lowest socioeconomic group, but remained at the same level or even deteriorated in other groups. When comparing the lowest group with the highest group, the odds ratios (OR) adjusted for maternal background characteristics at least halved for prematurity (from 1.32 (95% confidence intervals 1.24 to 1.43) in 1991–1993 to 1.16 (1.08 to 1.25) in 1997–1999), for low birth weight (from 1.49 (1.36 to 1.63) to 1.25 (1.17 to 1.40)), and for perinatal mortality (from 1.79 (1.44 to 2.21) to 1.33 (1.07 to 1.66)). Conclusions: Social inequality in perinatal health outcomes exists in Finland, but seems to have diminished in the 1990s. These data showed that routinely collected birth register data provide a good source for studies on socioeconomic health differences in the perinatal period, but that uncertainty, mainly attributable to the large group of women with difficult to classify socioeconomic status, remains.
Oncotargets and Therapy Dovepress Dovepress Progesterone Receptor Loss Identifies Hormone Receptor-positive and Her2-negative Breast Cancer Subgroups at Higher Risk of Relapse: a Retrospective Cohort Study

hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms Background: To assess the prognostic value of progesterone receptor (PR) expression in patients with hormone receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative breast cancer subgroups. Methods: A retrospective review of breast cancer patients who underwent mastectomy or breast-conserving surgery between January 1998 and December 2007 was performed. The prognostic impact of PR status on disease-free survival (DFS) was analyzed. Results: Of the 1,301 patients included in this study, the median follow-up time was 64 months, and the median age was 46 years. There were 18.4% of patients (n=219) with PR negative (PR-) cancer. Women with PR– breast cancer were more likely to be postmenopausal (P,0.001) and have pN3 stage (P=0.031) and Stage III (P=0.049) cancer. Cox regression univariate and multivariate analysis showed that PR status was a significant prognostic factor for DFS. Patients with PR-status had poorer DFS (hazard ratio =1.626, 95% confidence interval =1.060–2.497, P=0.026). The 5-year DFS for patients with PR-and PR+ breast cancer was 79.4% and 86.2%, respectively, and the 8-year DFS for patients with PR-and PR+ breast cancer was 69.6% and 78.1%, respectively (P=0.012). A significant difference in DFS was observed between PR-and PR+ disease in patients with node-negative cancer, but was not for patients with lymph node metastasis (P=0.242). In premenopausal patients, DFS varied significantly by PR status (P=0.049). A marginally significant difference in DFS between the PR-and PR+ disease was seen in postmenopausal patients (log rank P=0.065). Conclusion: Lack of PR expression is associated with worse survival in patients with hormone receptor-positive and HER2-negative breast cancer subgroups.