Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Physician Career Satisfaction, Work–Life Balance, and Burnout

OBJECTIVE: To explore factors associated with physician career satisfaction, work–life balance, and burnout focusing on differences across age, gender, and specialty. METHODS: A cross-sectional, mailed, self-administered survey was sent to a national sample of 2,000 randomly-selected physicians, stratified by specialty, age, and gender (response rate 48%). Main outcome measures included career satisfaction, burnout, and work–life balance. Scales ranged from 1 to 100. RESULTS: Both women and men report being highly satisfied with their careers (79% compared with 76%, P<.01), having moderate levels of satisfaction with work–life balance (48% compared with 49%, P=.24), and having moderate levels of emotional resilience (51% compared with 53%, P=.09). Measures of burnout strongly predicted career satisfaction (standardized β 0.36–0.60, P<.001). The strongest predictor of work–life balance and burnout was having some control over schedule and hours worked (standardized β 0.28, P<.001, and 0.20–0.32, P<.001, respectively). Physician gender, age, and specialty were not strong independent predictors of career satisfaction, work–life balance, or burnout. CONCLUSION: This national physician survey suggests that physicians can struggle with work–life balance yet remain highly satisfied with their career. Burnout is an important predictor of career satisfaction, and control over schedule and work hours are the most important predictors of work–life balance and burnout. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II
Britain’s cyberstalked youth: Factors affecting the prevalence and nature of online harassment

As a relatively new crime, cyberstalking is little-understood in both public and academic spheres. Despite its serious impact on young people in particular and its likely progression as relevant technology develops, no reliable prevalence figures exist (Sheridan and Grant, 2007) and researchers are yet to fully account for victimisation (Kodellas et al, 2010). This was an exploratory study sampling UK residents. 100 volunteers completed a survey and cyberstalking was investigated with a partial replication of Bocij’s (2003) 11-item measure. Internet use and demographic details were examined as independent variables. The prevalence figure was expected between 10% and 20% but found between 20% and 34%. Social networking websites were implicated. Having less Internet experience, more time online, varied Internet use and gay, bisexual, lesbian, or transgender (GBLT) sexual orientation were suspected risk factors. Statistics showed that some aspects of Internet use were associated with victimisation but young people were at risk regardless of demographic variables. The findings should inform further studies and preventative strategies.
The spaces and places that women casual academics (often fail to) inhabit

ABSTRACT This paper discusses a research project that aims to address the binary/irony of the central physical and teaching space that women casual academics inhabit within Australian universities, against their lack of presence in the existing discourses around higher education. The invisibility of women casual academics within the discourses around higher education generally, and scholarship around sessional staffing more specifically, provoked an arts-informed narrative inquiry into the lived experience of women casual academics. In this paper I offer an overview of the investigation and present extracts from a verbatim drama based on the words and worlds of women sessional staff in order to create congruency between the narrative communications of women causal academics’ lived experience, and to make a space for the acknowledgement of women casual academics and a place for their voice.
The Effects of Gender Differences in Ict Application: Bridging the Gap of Knowledge and Skills among Teachers

This study aims to examine gender differences in term of ICT usage, knowledge, skills and application among teachers. The study also examines the extent of the knowledge and skills in bridging genders gap particularly of the ICT usage among teachers. The study also identifies the relationship of gender with ICT application, knowledge and skills among teachers. The samples consisted of 847 male and female high school teachers. Questionnaires were used to obtain information from the respondents. The instrument showed high level of validity and reliability value. MANOVA analysis was conducted to determine gender differences for each variable. Pearson correlations and inferential analysis were conducted to determine the relationship among the variables. Analysis of structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to identify the roles of knowledge and skills as mediators for gender and ICT application. The results showed significant gender differences in term of ICT application, knowledge and skills. ICT knowledge and skills were found to be able in bridging the relationship of gender and ICT applications. The findings reinforce the theory of the role and contribution of knowledge and skills in enhancing ICT application among teachers. Practically, it can be implicated that teachers’ ICT knowledge and skills need to be increased and promoted for an optimal application of ICT in teaching and learning in schools.
Nonrenewable Resources, Strategic Behavior and the Hotelling Rule: An Experiment

This study uses the methods of experimental economics to investigate possible causes for the failure of the Hotelling rule for nonrenewable resources. We argue that as long as resource stocks are high enough, producers may choose to (partially) ignore the dynamic component of their production decision, shifting production to the present and focusing more on strategic behavior. We experimentally vary stock size in a nonrenewable resource duopoly setting and find that producers with high stocks indeed pay significantly less attention to variables related to dynamic optimization, leading to a failure of the Hotelling rule.
Musical Imagery and the Planning of Dynamics and Articulation During Performance

Musicians anticipate the effects of their actions during performance. Online musical imagery, or the consciously accessible anticipation of desired effects, may enable expressive performance when auditory feedback is disrupted and help guide performance when it is present. This study tested the hypotheses that imagery 1) can occur concurrently with normal performance, 2) is strongest when auditory feedback is absent but motor feedback is present, and 3) improves with increasing musical expertise. Auditory and motor feedback conditions were manipulated as pianists performed melodies expressively from notation. Dynamic and articulation markings were introduced into the score during performance and pianists indicated verbally whether the markings matched their expressive intentions while continuing to play their own interpretation. Expression was similar under auditory-motor (i.e., normal feedback) and motor-only (i.e., no auditory feedback) performance conditions, and verbal task performance suggested that imagery was stronger when auditory feedback was absent. Verbal task performance also improved with increasing expertise, suggesting a strengthening of online imagery.
Is Vector Body Size the Key to Reduced Malaria Transmission in the Irrigated Region of Niono, Mali?

Abstract Malaria vectors can reach very high densities in villages near irrigated rice fields in Africa, leading to the expectation that malaria should be especially prevalent there. Surprisingly, this is not always the case. In Niono, Mali, villages from nonirrigated areas have higher malaria prevalence than those within the irrigated regions, which suffer from higher mosquito numbers. One hypothesis explaining this observation is that mosquitoes from irrigated fields with high densities are inefficient vectors. This could occur if higher larval densities lead to smaller mosquitoes that suffer elevated mortality. Three predictions of the hypothesis were studied. First, the effect of larval density on larval body size was measured for both Anopheles gambiae Giles and Anopheles funestus Giles. Second, the relationship between larval and adult body size was tested. Third, evidence of an effect of adult size on survivorship in both irrigated and nonirrigated villages during the wet and dry seasons was sought. There was a modest positive relationship between densities of immatures and larval size, and a strong relationship between larval and adult size. Furthermore, adult survivorship was higher in nonirrigated areas. However, there was no effect of size on survivorship between comparable samples from both the irrigated and nonirrigated zones. Although density may have a causal relationship with reduced transmission in the irrigated areas of Niono, it is unlikely to be because higher density leads to smaller body size and lower survivorship.
Three Empirical Strategies for Teaching Statistics

Abstract This paper employs a three-step process to analyze three empirically supported strategies for teaching statistics to BSW students. The strategies included: repetition, immediate feedback, and use of original data. First, each strategy is addressed through the literature. Second, the application of employing each of the strategies over the period of eight years of classroom application is outlined and discussed. Third, the three strategies are evaluated by students.
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy in the Diagnosis of Dementia with Lewy Bodies

Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) is considered to be the second most frequent primary degenerative dementing illness after Alzheimer's disease (AD). DLB, together with Parkinson's disease (PD), Parkinson's disease with dementia (PDD) belong to α-synucleinopathies—a group of neurodegenerative diseases associated with pathological accumulation of the α-synuclein protein. Dementia due to PD and DLB shares clinical symptoms and neuropsychological profiles. Moreover, the core features and additional clinical signs and symptoms for these two very similar diseases are largely the same. Neuroimaging seems to be a promising method in differential diagnosis of dementia studies. The development of imaging methods or other objective measures to supplement clinical criteria for DLB is needed and a method which would accurately facilitate diagnosis of DLB prior to death is still being searched. Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) provides a noninvasive method of assessing an in vivo biochemistry of brain tissue. This review summarizes the main results obtained from the application of neuroimaging techniques in DLB cases focusing on 1H-MRS.
Dynamics of tRNA fragments and their targets in aging mammalian brain

Background: The progress of next-generation sequencing technologies has unveiled various non-coding RNAs that have previously been considered products of random degradation and attracted only minimal interest. Among small RNA families, microRNA (miRNAs) have traditionally been considered key post-transcriptional regulators. However, recent studies have reported evidence for widespread presence of fragments of tRNA molecules (tRFs) across a range of organisms and tissues, and of tRF involvement in Argonaute complexes. Methods:To elucidate potential tRF functionality, we compared available RNA sequencing datasets derived from the brains of young, mid-aged and old rats. Using sliding 7-mer windows along a tRF, we searched for putative seed sequences with high numbers of conserved complementary sites within 3' UTRs of 23 vertebrate genomes. We analyzed Gene Ontology term enrichment of predicted tRF targets and compared their transcript levels with targets of miRNAs in the context of age. Results and Discussion: We detected tRFs originating from 3’- and 5’-ends of tRNAs in rat brains at significant levels. These fragments showed dynamic changes: 3’ tRFs monotonously increased with age, while 5’ tRFs displayed less consistent patterns. Furthermore, 3’ tRFs showed a narrow size range compared to 5’ tRFs, suggesting a difference in their biogenesis mechanisms. Similar to our earlier results in Drosophila and compatible with other experimental findings, we found “seed” sequence locations on both ends of different tRFs. Putative targets of these fragments were found to be enriched in neuronal and developmental functions. Comparison of tRFs and miRNAs increasing in abundance with age revealed small, but distinct changes in brain target transcript levels for these two types of small RNA, with the higher proportion of tRF targets decreasing with age. We also illustrated the utility of tRF analysis for annotating tRNA genes in sequenced genomes.
CARBOHYDRATE-PROTEIN DRINK IMPROVES TIME TO EXHAUSTION AFTER RECOVERY FROM ENDURANCE EXERCISE.

ERIC S. NILES, TONY LACHOWETZ, JOHN GARFI, WILLIAM SULLIVAN, JOHN C. SMITH, BRIAN P. LEYH, AND SAMUEL A. HEADLEY. Carbohydrate-Protein Drink Improves Time to Exhaustion After Recovery from Endurance Exercise. JEPonline, 2001 4(1):45-52. Ten endurance trained males were studied to investigate the ergogenic effects of isocaloric carbohydrate (CHO, 152.7 g) and carbohydrate-protein (CHOPRO, 112 g CHO with 40.7 g PRO) drinks ingested after a glycogen lowering diet and exercise bout. Treatments were administered in a double-blind and counterbalanced fashion. After a glycogen lowering diet and run, two dosages of a drink were administered with a 60 min interval between dosages. The CHO-PRO trial resulted in higher serum insulin levels (60.84 vs 30.1 μU/ml) 90 min into recovery than the CHO only trail (p<0.05). Furthermore, the time to run to exhaustion was longer during the CHO-PRO trial (540.7±91.56 sec) than the CHO only trial (446.1±97.09 sec, p<0.05). In conclusion, a CHO-PRO drink following glycogen depleting exercise may facilitate a greater rate of muscle glycogen resynthesis than a CHO only beverage, hasten the recovery process, and improve exercise endurance during a second bout of exercise performed on the same day.
NBTI 5463 Is a Novel Bacterial Type II Topoisomerase Inhibitor with Activity against Gram-Negative Bacteria and In Vivo Efficacy

ABSTRACT The need for new antibiotics that address serious Gram-negative infections is well recognized. Our efforts with a series of novel bacterial type II topoisomerase inhibitors (NBTIs) led to the discovery of NBTI 5463, an agent with improved activity over other NBTIs against Gram-negative bacteria, in particular against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (F. Reck, D. E. Ehmann, T. J. Dougherty, J. V. Newman, S. Hopkins, G. Stone, N. Agrawal, P. Ciaccio, J. McNulty, H. Barthlow, J. O'Donnell, K. Goteti, J. Breen, J. Comita-Prevoir, M. Cornebise, M. Cronin, C. J. Eyermann, B. Geng, G. R. Carr, L. Pandarinathan, X. Tang, A. Cottone, L. Zhao, N. Bezdenejnih-Snyder, submitted for publication). In the present work, NBTI 5463 demonstrated promising activity against a broad range of Gram-negative pathogens. In contrast to fluoroquinolones, the compound did not form a double-strand DNA cleavable complex with Escherichia coli DNA gyrase and DNA, but it was a potent inhibitor of both DNA gyrase and E. coli topoisomerase IV catalytic activities. In studies with P. aeruginosa, NBTI 5463 was bactericidal. Resistant mutants arose at a low rate, and the mutations were found exclusively in the nfxB gene, a regulator of the MexCD-OprJ efflux system. Levofloxacin-selected resistance mutations in GyrA did not result in decreased susceptibility to NBTI 5463. Animal infection studies demonstrated that NBTI 5463 was efficacious in mouse models of lung, thigh, and ascending urinary tract infections.
Online college laboratory courses: Can they be done and will they affect graduation and retention rates?

Online education has been steadily growing during the last decade. This growth has mainly taken place in the non-laboratory science fields. This essay describes some of the best practices to increase and maintain student retention, increase student engagement and increase graduation rates for college running online laboratory science courses. This article further discusses how to run successful, hands-on laboratory courses for your online students. The most common issues are being discussed and what can be done to provide the students with the same hands-on experience online as what they would experience in a more traditional classroom setting. DOI: 10.18870/hlrc.v5i4. 289
Blade surface pressure measurement of an axial flow fan

Blade surface pressure measurements of an axial flow fan J.N. Rohwer Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, 7602 Matieland, South Africa. Thesis: MEng (Mech) April 2019 Large axial flow fans (approximately 10 m in diameter) are implemented in industrial air cooled condenser (ACC) arrays. The fans blow cool ambient air over heat exchanger bundles, causing the turbine exhaust steam to condense into a liquid form. The fans have a high parasitic energy consumption relative to the plant’s electricity output. This necessitates more knowledge on possible fan improvements in ACC arrays. Experimental data on the operational fan performance can be used to analyse and further improve existing fan designs. Fan performance characteristic tests (fan static pressure and efficiency curves) provide information on the global flow field, based on a stable inlet flow field distribution. When testing these fans, more information is often required on the local flow distribution existing in the vicinity of the fan blades. Information concerning the local flow field could prove to be vital in fan design considerations, better understanding of installed fan performance or for numerical validation of localized regions across the fan blade. The objective of the work is to measure the pressure on the surface of a 1.542 m diameter scale model of an axial fan, termed the M-Fan. The fan is tested at a BS 848, type A test facility at its design operating speed. Experimental tests are conducted to obtain the characteristic curves. The aim of the research is to assess the experimental setup of the M-Fan blade surface pressure measurements by comparison to the results of a CFD model and other existing literature. Two specially constructed M-Fan blades, each with thirty pressure taps at five radial locations are manufactured to conduct blade surface pressure measurements on the fan blades. Piezo-resistive pressure transducers are ii Stellenbosch University https://scholar.sun.ac.za
Mental disorders as risk factors for substance use, abuse and dependence: results from the 10-year follow-up of the National Comorbidity Survey.

AIMS The comorbidity of mental disorders and substance dependence is well documented, but prospective investigations in community samples are rare. This investigation examines the role of primary mental disorders as risk factors for the later onset of nicotine, alcohol and illicit drug use, abuse and dependence with abuse. DESIGN The National Comorbidity Survey (NCS) was a nationally representative survey of mental and substance disorders in the United States carried out in 1990-92. The NCS-2 re-interviewed a probability subsample of NCS respondents in 2001-03, a decade after the baseline survey. PARTICIPANTS A total of 5001 NCS respondents were re-interviewed in the NCS-2 (87.6% of baseline sample). RESULTS Aggregate analyses demonstrated significant prospective risks posed by baseline mental disorders for the onset of nicotine, alcohol and illicit drug dependence with abuse over the follow-up period. Particularly strong and consistent associations were observed for behavioral disorders and previous substance use conditions, as well as for certain mood and anxiety disorders. Conditional analyses demonstrated that many observed associations were limited to specific categories of use, abuse or dependence, including several mental disorders that were non-significant predictors in the aggregate analyses. CONCLUSIONS Many mental disorders are associated with an increased risk of later substance use conditions, but important differences in these associations are observed across the categories of use, abuse and dependence with abuse. These prospective findings have implications for the precision of prevention and treatment strategies targeting substance use disorders.
Posttraumatic Oculopalatal Myoclonus

Oculopalatal myoclonus (OPM) is defined clinically by continuous rhythmic movements of the soft palate with synchronous pendular nystagmus. Because it is rare and typically results from brainstem infarction or hemorrhage, OPM has not been well-characterized as a sequela of trauma. We describe four patients with delayed-onset OPM following closed head injury. All experienced (1) prolonged coma (range from two to six weeks); (2) severe cerebellar ataxia; and (3) multiple brainstem deficits, including dysarthria, dysphagia, diplopia, and partial airway obstruction. OPM developed gradually in each patient; the average time of diagnosis was 3.3 years (range one to five years) following the initial injury. In three patients, magnetic resonance imaging revealed increased T2 signal intensity in the inferior olives. In two patients, disabling oscillopsia or dysphonia responded to treatment with valproic acid. We conclude that OPM is a disabling and treatable sequela of severe head injury, and postulate that brainstem axonal shearing injury may play an important role in the pathogenesis of this disorder.
Bayesian Probabilistic Multi-Topic Matrix Factorization for Rating Prediction

Recently, Local Matrix Factorization (LMF) [Lee et al., 2013] has been shown to be more effective than traditional matrix factorization for rating prediction. The core idea for LMF is to first partition the original matrix into several smaller submatrices, further exploit local structures of submatrices for better low-rank approximation. Various clustering-based methods with heuristic extensions have been proposed for LMF in the literature. To develop a more principled solution for LMF, this paper presents a Bayesian Probabilistic Multi-Topic Matrix Factorization model. We treat the set of the rated items by a user as a document, and employ latent topic models to cluster items as topics. Subsequently, a user has a distribution over the set of topics. We further set topic-specific latent vectors for both users and items. The final prediction is obtained by an ensemble of the results from the corresponding topic-specific latent vectors in each topic. Using a multi-topic latent representation, our model is more powerful to reflect the complex characteristics for users and items in rating prediction, and enhance the model interpretability. Extensive experiments on large real-world datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model.
Exploring Culture-Specific Learning Styles in Accounting Education.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review whether culture affects accounting students’ learning processes to identify practical guidance for accounting educators facing a culturally diverse classroom. In spite of a significant literature thread in accounting education on student learning, relatively, little emphasis has been placed on culture-specific learning differences. The literature gap is particularly acute with respect to practical culture-specific guidance for accounting educators. This paper is organized along three primary inquiries into the role of culture in accounting education: first, do we know if culture impacts learning? Second, how much do we know about culture-specific learning styles in the accounting field? Third, what implications do culture-specific learning styles carry for accounting educators? Design/methodology/approach – Initially, the author surveys culture-specific learning styles literature, after which a more in-depth analysis of accounting-specific literature is con.