Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gender Differences in the Relationship Between Drinking Motives and Drinking Behaviors Among Korean College Students

ABSTRACT College drinking is an important public health issue in many countries, especially in South Korea. This study aims to explore drinking motives and their relationship with drinking behaviors and drinking outcomes among Korean college students (N = 553). Utilizing a Web-based survey, this study found some similarities and differences relative to studies conducted in Western cultures. As previously observed, social and enhancement motives were the primary reasons for drinking, and enhancement motives were associated with drinking-related problems among Korean students. However, results differing from those of previous studies were revealed by comparing males and females: Korean male college students who drink to cope with stress tend to experience more alcohol-related problems, whereas Korean female college students tend to experience alcohol-related problems when drinking for enhancement motives. Implications for future research are discussed.
Supporting Data Driven Access through Automatic Keyword Extraction and Summarization

The ever-increasing user generated digital data available through the Internet has become an important source of information for individuals, organizations and government agencies. And yet, for users to fully discover and utilize those information remains a complex tasks. Existing popular information access models based on keyword and/or facet searches become less effective in providing access to specific sets of user generated data. To address their limitation, we propose an approach where keywords and summarization of subset of document could be automatically generated during an interactive user session to facilitate user's information seeking process. In this paper, we present our preliminary development including a new algorithm for keyword extraction and summarization generation simultaneously over a subset of documents and visual representations of those results to assist user explorations.
Proteomic Profiling of Thyroid Papillary Carcinoma

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common endocrine malignancy. We performed shotgun liquid chromatography (LC)/tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) analysis on pooled protein extracts from patients with PTC and compared the results with those from normal thyroid tissue validated by real-time (RT) PCR and immunohistochemistry (IHC). We detected 524 types of protein in PTC and 432 in normal thyroid gland. Among these proteins, 145 were specific to PTC and 53 were specific to normal thyroid gland. We have also identified two important new markers, nephronectin (NPNT) and malectin (MLEC). Reproducibility was confirmed with several known markers, but the one of two new candidate markers such as MLEC did not show large variations in expression levels. Furthermore, IHC confirmed the overexpression of both those markers in PTCs compared with normal surrounding tissues. Our protein data suggest that NPNT and MLEC could be a characteristic marker for PTC.
Control of Roof Plate Development and Signaling by Lmx1b in the Caudal Vertebrate CNS

Numerous studies have identified the roof plate as an important signaling center controlling dorsal interneuron specification and differentiation in the developing spinal cord. Currently, the molecular pathways of roof plate formation and function are poorly understood. We determined that the LIM-homeodomain transcription factor Lmx1b is sufficient to induce functional roof plate in the early chick developing spinal cord. In the chick, Lmx1b acts upstream of Lmx1a in the roof plate developmental program. Once the roof plate forms, we show that Bmp and Wnt signaling are the major components of Lmx1a/b-dependent roof plate dorsal patterning activity. The roof plate function of Lmx1b is not conserved across vertebrates because Lmx1b is not expressed in mouse roof plate progenitors. Instead, mouse caudal CNS roof plate formation relies entirely on Lmx1a. Lmx1b can, however, partially rescue roof plate development in dreher (Lmx1a-/-) mice, indicating that Lmx1b has some functional redundancy to Lmx1a. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the roof plate-inducing activity of Lmx1b can be suppressed by Mash1 (Cash1), which is normally expressed in intermediate neural tube in both chick and mouse. Our data identify Lmx1b as a key regulator of spinal cord roof plate induction and function.
The Disability Models in the Perspective of Parents, Teachers, and Special Needs Educators: A Qualitative Data Analysis

Representations of disability shaping the opinions, attitudes, and behaviour of 90 participants (teachers, par- ents, and special needs educators) are investigated in order to better evaluate the spread of the biopsychosocial model pro- posed by the ICF. The quasi-experimental purpose was investigated through both qualitative analyses and by quantitative analyses. The results demonstrate a richness of perspectives on disability much broader than the medical, social, and bi- opsychosocial ones. The limited diffusion of the biopsychosocial model among parents shows the lack of an 'open view' towards personal empowerment, social growth, and improvement of the quality of life. This suggests a priority: The need to further involve parents in the educational actions, in order to promote an effective management of personal and envi- ronmental resources to better face the disability of their own children. In such a way it would be possible to develop and promote a new 'culture of diversities'.
The Evaluation of Functional, School-Based Therapy Services for Children with Special Needs: A Feasibility Study

In this article we report the results of a feasibility study examining the effects of speech-language, occupational, and physical therapy services provided to children with physical or communication needs in the regular school setting. This feasibility study was conducted in preparation for a full program evaluation study. We examined: (a) the utility of goal attainment scaling for evaluating therapy services in the school setting, (b) the utility of several standardized measures in capturing change (the Arizona Articulation Proficiency Scale, the Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales-Classroom Edition, and the School Function Assessment), (c) the utility of two satisfaction questionnaires in assessing parent and teacher satisfaction with the services, and (d) issues related to teachers', parents', and therapists' participation. The study involved collaborative goal setting between therapists, parents, and teachers of 16 children with three types of special needs: articulation difficulties, developmental coor.
Occult neurofibroma and increased S100 protein in the skin of patients with neurofibromatosis type 1: new insight to the etiopathomechanism of neurofibromas.

BACKGROUND Neurofibromas represent proliferation of the connective tissue cells of peripheral nerves and deposition of collagenous extracellular matrix. There is evidence that the appearance and growth of neurofibromas may be associated with prior or ongoing mechanical trauma in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). OBJECTIVE To study the histologic characteristics of apparently healthy skin of patients with NF1. DESIGN The histologic features of healthy-looking skin of patients with NF1 were analyzed. SETTING University hospital. PATIENTS Ten patients who fulfilled the criteria for NF1. INTERVENTIONS Punch biopsy specimens of healthy-looking skin of the forearm from 9 volunteer patients and of the upper eyelid during cosmetic operation from 1 volunteer patient were obtained. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The main outcomes were not predicted, and the hypothesis was formulated during data collection. RESULTS Apparently unaffected skin of 5 patients with NF1 was studied by routine histologic testing with respect to expression of S100 protein. Unexpectedly, analysis of the samples revealed the presence of a small neurofibroma tumor in one of the samples. The tumor was located in deep dermis around a hair follicle. In addition, neurofibromatous tissue not large enough to be called a tumor was found on the same anatomical location in another patient. In further studies, 10 punch biopsy specimens of apparently healthy skin from patients with NF1 were similarly sectioned and analyzed. No tumors were found in these additional samples. In 4 patients, however, abundant S100 protein-positive cells were located within collagenous extracellular matrix surrounding hair follicles. CONCLUSIONS The skin of patients with NF1 might be more widely affected than previously thought and occult neurofibromas are not rare.
Deontological and altruistic guilt: Evidence for distinct neurobiological substrates

The feeling of guilt is a complex mental state underlying several human behaviors in both private and social life. From a psychological and evolutionary viewpoint, guilt is an emotional and cognitive function, characterized by prosocial sentiments, entailing specific moral believes, which can be predominantly driven by inner values (deontological guilt) or by more interpersonal situations (altruistic guilt). The aim of this study was to investigate whether there is a distinct neurobiological substrate for these two expressions of guilt in healthy individuals. We first run two behavioral studies, recruiting a sample of 72 healthy volunteers, to validate a set of stimuli selectively evoking deontological and altruistic guilt, or basic control emotions (i.e., anger and sadness). Similar stimuli were reproduced in a event‐related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) paradigm, to investigate the neural correlates of the same emotions, in a new sample of 22 healthy volunteers. We show that guilty emotions, compared to anger and sadness, activate specific brain areas (i.e., cingulate gyrus and medial frontal cortex) and that different neuronal networks are involved in each specific kind of guilt, with the insula selectively responding to deontological guilt stimuli. This study provides evidence for the existence of distinct neural circuits involved in different guilty feelings. This complex emotion might account for normal individual attitudes and deviant social behaviors. Moreover, an abnormal processing of specific guilt feelings might account for some psychopathological manifestation, such as obsessive‐compulsive disorder and depression. Hum Brain Mapp, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Polylogarithmic ladders, hypergeometric series and the ten millionth digits of ?(3) and ?(5)

We develop ladders that reduce ζ(n) := ∑ k>0 k −n, for n = 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, and β(n) := ∑ k≥0(−1)(2k + 1)−n, for n = 2, 4, 6, to convergent polylogarithms and products of powers of π and log 2. Rapid computability results because the required arguments of Lin(z) = ∑ k>0 z /k satisfy z = 1/16, with p = 1, 3, 5. We prove that G := β(2), π, log 2, ζ(3), π, log 2, log 2, ζ(5), and six products of powers of π and log 2 are constants whose dth hexadecimal digit can be computed in time = O(d log d) and space = O(log d), as was shown for π, log 2, π and log 2 by Bailey, Borwein and Plouffe. The proof of the result for ζ(5) entails detailed analysis of hypergeometric series that yield Euler sums, previously studied in quantum field theory. The other 13 results follow more easily from Kummer’s functional identities. We compute digits of ζ(3) and ζ(5), starting at the ten millionth hexadecimal place. These constants result from calculations of massless Feynman diagrams in quantum chromodynamics. In a related paper, hep-th/9803091, we show that massive diagrams also entail constants whose base of super-fast computation is b = 3. ) D.Broadhurst@open.ac.uk; http://physics.open.ac.uk/ d̃broadhu
Rich dad, poor dad: the impact of family background on educated young people’s migration from peripheral China

ABSTRACT Along with its rapid economic growth, economic inequality rises and intergenerational mobility declines in China. Meanwhile, significant growth in HEIs’ enrolment has contributed to major migration flows across the country. This research investigates the impact of family background on the migration location choice of educated young people from peripheral China, based on data from a life-course survey of recent graduates of tertiary education institutions originating from Chaohu, China. Logistic models are employed to analyse young people’s migration to receive higher education, whether inside or outside the home province, and the location trajectories afterwards. While the findings confirm the association between university and post-university location choice, substantial interaction effects are found between location choice and family background. Young people from different family backgrounds adopt different strategies of geographical mobility in their transition to adulthood. In particular, young people from privileged families are more likely to leave the home province for higher education and return after graduation, whereas those from underprivileged families are more likely to study within the home province and then move away.
DenseBox: Unifying Landmark Localization with End to End Object Detection

How can a single fully convolutional neural network (FCN) perform on object detection? We introduce DenseBox, a unified end-to-end FCN framework that directly predicts bounding boxes and object class confidences through all locations and scales of an image. Our contribution is two-fold. First, we show that a single FCN, if designed and optimized carefully, can detect multiple different objects extremely accurately and efficiently. Second, we show that when incorporating with landmark localization during multi-task learning, DenseBox further improves object detection accuray. We present experimental results on public benchmark datasets including MALF face detection and KITTI car detection, that indicate our DenseBox is the state-of-the-art system for detecting challenging objects such as faces and cars.
Complexity and Variability of Gut Commensal Microbiota in Polyphagous Lepidopteran Larvae

Background The gut of most insects harbours nonpathogenic microorganisms. Recent work suggests that gut microbiota not only provide nutrients, but also involve in the development and maintenance of the host immune system. However, the complexity, dynamics and types of interactions between the insect hosts and their gut microbiota are far from being well understood. Methods/Principal Findings To determine the composition of the gut microbiota of two lepidopteran pests, Spodoptera littoralis and Helicoverpa armigera, we applied cultivation-independent techniques based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing and microarray. The two insect species were very similar regarding high abundant bacterial families. Different bacteria colonize different niches within the gut. A core community, consisting of Enterococci, Lactobacilli, Clostridia, etc. was revealed in the insect larvae. These bacteria are constantly present in the digestion tract at relatively high frequency despite that developmental stage and diet had a great impact on shaping the bacterial communities. Some low-abundant species might become dominant upon loading external disturbances; the core community, however, did not change significantly. Clearly the insect gut selects for particular bacterial phylotypes. Conclusions Because of their importance as agricultural pests, phytophagous Lepidopterans are widely used as experimental models in ecological and physiological studies. Our results demonstrated that a core microbial community exists in the insect gut, which may contribute to the host physiology. Host physiology and food, nevertheless, significantly influence some fringe bacterial species in the gut. The gut microbiota might also serve as a reservoir of microorganisms for ever-changing environments. Understanding these interactions might pave the way for developing novel pest control strategies.
Supervised, hysteresis-based segmentation of retinal images using the linear-classifier percentile

Image segmentation can be seen as a pattern classification problem, where each pixel is assigned, on the basis of, e.g., its gray level, either to the object or to the background class. In this setup, vessel segmentation is characterized by large class skew, as there are usually far more background pixels than vessel pixels and by weak separability, as there is a strong overlap between the two classes. The proposed hysteresis classification makes use of specific problem-domain knowledge to overcome such difficulties. We describe here a novel, supervised, hysteresis-based classification algorithm that we apply to the segmentation of retina photographies. This procedure is fast and achieves results that are superior to other vessel segmentation methods on similar data sets.
Overview of XSEDE-PRACE collaborative projects in 2014

In this paper we give a brief overview of the three projects that were chosen for XSEDE-PRACE collaboration in 2014. We begin this paper with an introduction of the XSEDE and PRACE organizations and the motivation for a collaborative effort between these two organizations. We then talk about the three projects that were involved in this collaboration. We provide an overview of the projects themselves and what was in scope for this collaboration. We also outline the hurdles and issues faced during this unique collaborative effort and also discuss the benefits the projects derived from this collaboration. We finally outline the future steps envisioned for XSEDE-PRACE collaborative efforts going forward.
Imaging Characteristics of Schwannoma of the Cervical Sympathetic Chain: A Review of 12 Cases

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: SCSCs are rare. This study reviews our experience with CT and MR imaging of SCSCs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the CT and MR imaging studies as well as clinical data of 12 patients (6 men, 6 women; mean age, 41 years; range, 27–55 years) with surgicopathologic evidence of SCSC, referred to our institution between January 1999 to October 2008. Images were evaluated with respect to the location, number, morphology, attenuation/signal intensity, enhancement characteristics, and patterns of mass effect of the schwannomas. RESULTS: The schwannomas were solitary, well-circumscribed, and medial to the carotid sheath. Seven were hypoattenuated to skeletal muscle on CT with poor postcontrast enhancement, 4 were isoattenuated, and a single lesion showed intense heterogeneous enhancement. At MR imaging, they were heterogeneously bright on T2WI with intense inhomogeneous postgadolinium enhancement. The ICA was displaced anteriorly in 9 patients with a component of lateral displacement in 8 of these patients. The ICA was in a neutral position in 2 patients and posterolaterally displaced in 1 patient. A single patient demonstrated separation of the ICA and IJV. There was splaying of the carotid bifurcation in 4 patients. CONCLUSIONS: We present the patterns of mass effect and the spectrum of CT and MR imaging characteristics of SCSC, including certain observations that are infrequently described in the published literature.
Fast solvers for the symmetric ipdg discretization of second order elliptic problems

In this paper, we develop and analyze a preconditioning technique and an iterative solver for the linear systems resulting from the discretization of second order elliptic problems by the symmetric interior penalty discontinuous Galerkin methods. The main ingredient of our approach is a stable decomposition of the piecewise polynomial discontinuous finite element space of arbitrary order into a linear conforming space and a space containing high frequency components. To derive such decomposition, we introduce a novel interpolation operator which projects piecewise polynomials of arbitrary order to continuous piecewise linear functions. We prove that this operator is stable which allows us to derive the required space decomposition easily. Moreover, we prove that both the condition number of the preconditioned system and the convergent rate of the iterative method are independent of the mesh size. Numerical experiments are also shown to confirm these theoretical results.
KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIS DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA

Tujuan penulisan artikel ini adalah untuk mengetahui: Pengertian kemampuan komunikasi matematis, indikator-indikator dalam mengukur kemampuan komunikasi matematis, bentuk soal yang dapat digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan komunikasi matematis, dan model, strategi, dan pendekatan yang bisa diaplikasikan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis. Berdasarkan telaah pustaka ilmiah maka dalam artikel ini dapat disimpulkan sebagai berikut: (1) Kemampuan komunikasi matematis terdiri atas, komunikasi lisan dan komunikasi tulisan. Komunikasi lisan seperti: diskusi dan menjelaskan. Komunikasi tulisan seperti: mengungkapkan ide matematika melalui gambar/grafik, tabel, persamaan, ataupun dengan bahasa siswa sendiri. (2) Indikator kemampuan komunikasi matematis: menulis ( written text) , menggambar ( drawing ), dan ekspresi matematika ( matematical ekpression). (3) Soal essai dapat digunakan untuk mengukur kemampuan komunikasi matematis, seperti: soal uraian eksploratif, transfer, elaboratif, dan aplikatif. (4) Model atau pendekatan pembelajaran yang dapat digunakan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan komunikasi matematis, diantaranya: pendekatan PMR, model pembelajaran problem posing dengan pendekatan PMR, model pembelajaran problem solving dengan pendekatan PMR, dan reciprocal teaching. Kata kunci : kemampuan komunikasi matematis, menulis, menggambar, ekspresi matematika.
Serum 25(OH) Vitamin D Levels in Polish Women during Pregnancies Complicated by Hypertensive Disorders and Gestational Diabetes

Background: An association between the level of vitamin D and the risk of pregnancy-related complications remains unclear. The aim of this study was to examine concentrations of 25(OH) vitamin D in Polish women with normal pregnancies and pregnancies complicated by gestational hypertension, preeclampsia or gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Moreover, we analyzed an association between maternal serum 25(OH)D and the risk of gestational hypertension, preeclampsia and GDM. Material and Methods: The study included 207 pregnant women, among them 171 with pregnancy-related complications: gestational hypertension (n = 45), preeclampsia (n = 23) or GDM (n = 103). The control group consisted of 36 women with normal pregnancies. Concentrations of serum 25(OH)D were measured at admission to the hospital prior to delivery Results: Patients with hypertension did not differ significantly from the controls in terms of their serum 25(OH)D concentrations (18.20 vs. 22.10 ng/mL, p = 0.15). Highly significant differences were found in 25(OH)D concentrations of women with preeclampsia and the controls (14.75 vs. 22.10 ng/mL, p = 0.0021). GDM was not associated with significant differences in 25(OH)D concentration. A low level of 25(OH)D turned out to be associated with an increased risk of preeclampsia during pregnancy on both univariate and multivariate regression analysis, and was a significant predictor of this condition on ROC (receiver operating characteristic) analysis (AUC = 0.70, p < 0.01). Conclusions: 25(OH)D deficiency is common among pregnant Polish women. Low concentrations of 25(OH)D may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of preeclampsia. Routine assessment of the 25(OH)D level during pregnancy may be crucial for the identification of women at increased risk of preeclampsia.