Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unless you go online you are on your own: blogging as a bridge in para-sport

Since its inception, the Web has been described as a liberating technology permitting individuals with disabilities to surmount barriers that otherwise prevent full societal engagement. Subsequent studies of Web-based communication have instead reported that disabling conditions are reproduced rather than challenged online. This paper uses interviews with 25 para-sport participants to provide an empirical account of how the affordances of the Web are leveraged in disability sport networks. Our findings suggest that individuals with disabilities are using blogs, Facebook, Twitter, and other forms of online communication to find information, engage in advocacy and outreach projects, and form strong networks that extend online and offline. We discuss our findings in light of Putnam’s conceptualization of bridging and bonding social capital, and describe how individuals and groups use weak ties to disseminate information and strong ties to foster a sense of belonging.
Tourism shopping behavior: planned, impulsive, or experiential?

Purpose – This research attempts to expand the understanding of the nature of tourist shopping behavior. More specifically, this study aims to explore the influences of the components of planned behavior, impulsive behavior, and experiential consumption on tourists' intentions to shop/purchase in the tourism context.Design/methodology/approach – This conceptual study reviews and investigates the major current research in the areas of planned behavior, impulse purchase, experiential consumption, as well as tourism shopping behavior/experience. By reviewing and assessing important relevant concepts, this study proposes a conceptual framework of tourist shopping behavior.Findings – Based on the extensive review and discussion of the related literature, this study proposes that tourist shopping intention and actual purchase behavior are influenced by various indicators, including planned behavior, impulsive behavior, and experiential consumption factors. In other words, tourist shopping behavior is a mixture .
Sozialer Ausschluss in Integrationsklassen: Ansichtssache?

Diese Studie vergleicht verschiedene soziometrische Mase, welche die soziale Inklusion von Kindern mit sonderpadagogischem Forderbedarf (SFB) erfassen. Wir nehmen an, dass die soziale Teilhabe auch davon abhangt, wie sie gemessen wurde. Zudem testen wir, ob mit zunehmender Heterogenitat der Klasse eine hohere Akzeptanz der Kinder einhergeht. Die Annahmen wurden mit sozialen Netzwerkdaten von 439 Lernenden in integrativen Klassenzimmern, die mit strukturierten Interviews gewonnen wurden, getestet. Die Resultate zeigen, dass die soziale Inklusion von Kindern mit SFB davon abhangt, welches soziometrische Mas verwendet wird. Zudem fallt die soziale Inklusion aller Lernenden mit zunehmender Heterogenitat der Klasse hoher aus. Wir diskutieren die Notwendigkeit einer ganzheitlichen Messung der sozialen Beziehungen eines Kindes sowie kontextueller Aspekte bei der Erfassung von sozialem Ausschluss. Wir schlussfolgern, dass nicht das Kind im Fokus stehen sollte, das nicht in die Klasse passt, sondern das Ausmas, mit dem das schulische Umfeld auf die Bedurfnisse des jeweiligen Kindes eingehen kann.
Covariance and specificity in adolescent schizotypal and borderline trait expression

The first aim of the present study is to assess the overlap between borderline and schizotypal traits during adolescence. The second objective is to examine whether some psychological factors (i.e. cognitive coping mechanisms, impulsivity and encoding style) are differentially related to borderline and schizotypal traits and may therefore improve the efficiency of clinical assessments.
Hope College Digital Commons Hope College Digital Commons

This repeated measures psychophysiology experiment studied three responses to a past interpersonal offense (38 females, 33 males). We compared rumination with two offense reappraisal strategies. Compassion-focused reappraisal emphasized the offender’s humanity, and interpreted the transgression as evidence of the offender’s need for positive transformation. Benefit-focused reappraisal emphasized insights gained or strengths shown in facing the offense. Supporting the manipulations, compassion-focused reappraisal stimulated the most empathy and forgiveness, whereas benefit-focused reappraisal prompted the most benefit language and gratitude. Both reappraisals decreased aroused, negative emotion and related facial muscle tension at the brow ( corrugator ). Both reappraisals increased happiness and positive emotion in ratings and linguistic analyses. Compassion stimulated the greatest social language, calmed tension under the eye ( orbicularis oculi ), and slowed heart beats (R-R intervals). A focus on benefits prompted the greatest joy, stimulated smiling ( zygomatic ) activity, and buffered the parasympathetic nervous system against rumination’s adverse effects on heart rate variability (HRV).
Exhibiting science in Portugal: practices and representations in museums

This article discusses the role played by science museums in the public understanding of science in a ‘semi-peripheral’ country, Portugal. It is based on the assumption that museums are at the intersection of science and society, being strongly influenced by what happens in the scientific field and in society at large, and that in a globalised world, they are susceptible to both international trends and national specificities. The article describes how in the last decade both the scientific system and the field of science museums have developed in Portugal, whereas visitor numbers and the connection to society have remained weak. The content analysis of a scientific exhibition on nuclear research and technology shows that the ‘deficit mode’ of envisaging the relation between science and the public still persists.
EFL majors' knowledge of metalinguistic terminology: a comparative study

Two hundred and ninety-six English majors at universities in Poland, Austria and Hong Kong were given a 50-item questionnaire designed to evaluate their knowledge of grammatical terminology. The main aim was to identify whether the three populations were subject to differing ‘terminological cultures’. This was found to be substantially the case; for example, the term indefinite article was known by 95% of Polish students but only 29% of the Hong Kong ones, whereas imperative was known by 71% of the Austrians but only 5% of the Hong Kongers. Some differences were attributed to a lack of use of the related concept in teaching; others were explained by the use of a synonymous term (e.g. reported speech was preferred in Poland and Hong Kong but indirect speech in Austria). A significant correlation between terminological knowledge and language proficiency was found for the Hong Kong students. Qualitative findings included confusion between pairs of complementary terms and those with similar forms; unknown terms being treated as transparent with functional reference where possible; and the prototypical use of words as examples of grammatical categories (e.g. ‘beautiful’ for adjective). Implications for teachers, writers and researchers are discussed.
Biosynthesis of pure hematite phase magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles using floral extracts of Callistemon viminalis (bottlebrush): their physical properties and novel biological applications

Abstract Aqueous floral extracts of Callistemon viminalis were used to synthesize Fe2O3 nanoparticles (IONPs) which were intensively characterized through UV–vis, X-ray diffraction, HR-SEM/HR-TEM, Fourier- transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Their physical properties were studied in response to different annealing temperatures. It was observed that the increase in the annealing temperature produced small-sized nanoparticles. The nanoparticle size was calculated as 32, 26 and 22 nm for annealing at 300, 400 and 500 °C, respectively. The magnetic nature of the bioinspired IONPs was revealed by superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). Their antibacterial potential was investigated against nine pathogenic bacterial strains (gram positive and gram negative) using disc diffusion method while their MIC was calculated using broth dilution assay. Bioinspired IONPs were found to be highly effective against HepG2 cells (IC50=20 µg/mL). Moderate antileishmanial activities against the promastigotes and amastigotes cultures are reported. Moderate acetylcholine esterase (AchE), butylcholine esterase (BchE) and α-Glycosidase inhibition are reported. Additional assessment of the biocompatibility was performed using haemolytic activity on the freshly isolated human red blood cells and macrophages. Furthermore, the antioxidant activities, including TAC, DPPH and TRP were also performed. Our results indicate that the biogenic and magnetic Fe2O3 can be used for diverse biomedical applications.
Assessing Fears in Anxiety-Disordered Children With the Revised Fear Survey Schedule for Children (FSSC-R)

We administered the Fear Survey Schedule for Children-Revised (FSSC-R) to youngsters evaluated at an outpatient child and adolescent anxiety disorder clinic and compared children with different anxiety disorder diagnoses fine. , separation anxiety disorder, overanxious disorder, or phobic disorder, school) on quantitative m d qualitative indices of fearfulness derived from the measure. Although results generally indicated that the diagnostic groups could not be discriminated based on standard quantitative scores (total score, factor scores), a qualitative index of fearfulness (pattern of intense fears) revealed important and stastically significant differences among the groups. Future research thus might focus on the types of fears endorsed by different anxiety disorder groups rather than on standard quantitative scores.
Translocal Ethics: Hizmet Teachers and the Formation of Gülen-inspired Schools in Urban Tanzania

The Gulen Movement (GM) is one of the most dynamic religiously inspired movements in the world today. Constituting a globally active, translocal community with a strong center in Turkey, GM-affiliated actors are primary players in shaping the educational landscapes of countries around the world. The emergence of Gulen-inspired schools (GISs) in urban Tanzania is reflective of the GM’s global reach. Different from other faith-based educational institutions, GISs like Feza Schools in Dar es Salaam do not explicitly promote Islam. However, an Islamic belief and conduct is the base on which actors of the Gulen Movement shape their lives as teachers or administrators in school, as well as the background for founding and supporting them. Hizmet teachers at the Feza Girls’ Secondary and High School (FGSHS) are translating the Islamic background of the GM’s educational engagement into a moral formation of the students that is framed in universal terms. Looking at the teachers’ translocal practices and motivations, it becomes clear that at GISs religion, ethics, and education are closely intertwined.
Calcium Phosphate Crystals Induce Cell Death in Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: A Potential Mechanism in Atherosclerotic Plaque Destabilization

Vascular calcification is associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction; however, the mechanisms linking these 2 processes are unknown. Studies in macrophages have suggested that calcium phosphate crystals induce the release of proinflammatory cytokines; however, no studies have been performed on the effects of calcium phosphate crystals on vascular smooth muscle cell function. In the present study, we found that calcium phosphate crystals induced cell death in human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells with their potency depending on their size and composition. Calcium phosphate crystals of approximately 1 &mgr;m or less in diameter caused rapid rises in intracellular calcium concentration, an effect that was inhibited by the lysosomal proton pump inhibitor, bafilomycin A1. Bafilomycin A1 also blocked vascular smooth muscle cell death suggesting that crystal dissolution in lysosomes leads to an increase in intracellular calcium levels and subsequent cell death. These studies give novel insights into the bioactivity of calcified deposits and suggest that small calcium phosphate crystals could destabilize atherosclerotic plaques by initiating inflammation and by causing vascular smooth muscle cell death.
Animal Use in Undergraduate Psychology Programs

Chairpersons of undergraduate institutions that offer a psychology major but no graduate program were surveyed concerning their use of animals currently and 5 years ago. Results show that, despite the efforts of animal rights activists, there has been little change in the number of schools that use animals (about 50%) or in the aversive procedures to which animals are subjected. Surprisingly few institutions have had direct contact with animal rights activists. Chairpersons in departments that use animals report that students generally respond favorably to animal use and that American Psychological Association and National Institutes of Health guidelines are appropriate. Alternatives to animal use reported by respondents include computer simulations, video presentations, prepared slides, and human participants.
Flavonoids and Antioxidative Enzymes in Temperature-Challenged Roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi

The active compounds in the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, a traditional Chinese medicinal plant, are mainly fl avonoids which have anti-inflammatory, antitumour, and anti- HIV activity, respectively. The increasing annual average temperature has rendered the S. baicalensis plants grown in some ancient producing regions no longer suitable for their medicinal usage. Hydrogen peroxide plays an important role in root responses to abnormal temperature in S. baicalensis. Baicalin and baicalein and antioxidative enzymes were anticipated to detoxify H2O2 in S. baicalensis. Here, we show that abnormal temperatures (10 and 40 °C) decreased the content of flavonoids as compared with the normal temperature (30 °C), and the transcripts of UDP-glucuronate:baicalein 7-O-glucuronosyltransferase and β-glucuronidase involved in the interconversion between baicalin and baicalein were affected by the 40-°C treatment. High temperature also increased the activities of catalase and peroxidase. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis revealed that the transcript levels of peroxidase 2, peroxidase 3, monodehydroascorbate reductase 2, and dehydroascorbate reductase were significantly increased under high-temperature conditions. The respective genes would be candidates for improvement of the adaptation of S. baicalensis plants to abnormal temperatures and for regulation of the contents of the active compounds.
Ethnic Diversity and Preferences for Redistribution

This paper investigates the causal link between the ethnic diversity in a society and its inhabitants’ preferences for redistribution. We exploit exogenous variation in immigrant shares stemming from a nationwide program placing refugees in municipalities throughout Sweden during 1985–94 and match data on refugee placement to panel survey data on inhabitants of the receiving municipalities. We find significant, negative effects of increased immigration on the support for redistribution. The effect is especially pronounced among high-income earners. We also establish that estimates from earlier studies failing to identify causal effects are likely to be positively biased (i.e., less negative).
Hormone Priming Improves Germination Characteristics and Enzyme Activity of Sorghum Seeds (Sorghum Bicolor L.) Under Accelerated Aging

Abstract Maximum germination percentage achieves immediately after harvesting and gradually decreases with storage time. Aging is one of the key factors in plant yield loss especially in vegetables. Seed aging is the main problem of seed storage. Application of accelerated aging treatment is used to assess seed vigor and quality. Seed priming enhances seed germination performance after aging. An experiment was conduct in order to investigate the activity of catalase and ascorbate peroxidase during accelerated aging and repair during priming treatment of sorghum seeds. In order to improve germination characteristics in aged seeds with seed priming. Our result showed that seed priming treatments significantly (p≤ 0.01) affected, germination percentage, germination index and means time to germination after aging (0, 3 and 6 days). Increasing aging duration resulted higher reduction in germination characteristics. Priming with gibberelic acid (GA), salicylic acid (SA) and ascorbic acid (ASC) increased germination characteristics of seed aged. The highest germination percentage, germination index, normal seedling percentage and enzyme activity were achieved in control conditions (0 day of aging). Antioxidant activity of aged seeds increased after seed priming.
The importance of the command-physician in trauma resuscitation.

OBJECTIVE Definitive trauma team leadership, although difficult to measure, has been shown to improve trauma resuscitation performance. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of an identified command-physician on resuscitation performance. In addition, the leadership capability of four physician combinations functioning as command-physician was studied. DESIGN Retrospective review. METHODS Videotapes of trauma resuscitations performed at a Level I trauma center over a 25-month period were reviewed. The presence of an identified command-physician was determined by multidisciplinary consensus. Resuscitation performance was measured by compliance with three objective criteria: primary survey, secondary survey, and definitive plan; and two subjective criteria: orderliness, and adherence to Advanced Trauma Life Support protocol. Performance was then analyzed (1) as a function of the presence or absence of a command-physician, and (2) between four identified physician combinations: AF (attending surgeon + trauma fellow); F (trauma fellow); ASR (attending surgeon + senior surgical resident); SR (senior surgical resident). Chi square and the Mann-Whitney U tests were applied. RESULTS A total of 425 trauma resuscitations were reviewed. A command-physician was identified (CP[Pos]) in 365 resuscitations (85.7%); no command-physician was identified (CP[NEG]) in 60 (14.3%). Compliance with completion of secondary survey (81.4%) and formulation of a definitive plan (89.6%) was significantly higher in the CP(POS) group. Subjective scores for orderliness and adherence to Advanced Trauma Life Support protocol were significantly higher in the CP(POS) group. In the CP(POS) resuscitations, formulation of a definitive plan was lower in SR when compared with the other three physician combinations. CONCLUSIONS An identified command-physician enhances trauma resuscitation performance. Completion of the primary and secondary survey is not affected by the physician combination. Prompt formulation of a definitive plan is facilitated by the active involvement of an attending traumatologist or a properly mentored trauma fellow.
Automatically closing open reactive programs

We study in this paper the problem of analyzing implementations of open systems --- systems in which only some of the components are present. We present an algorithm for automatically closing an open concurrent reactive system with its most general environment, i.e., the environment that can provide any input at any time to the system. The result is a nondeterministic closed (i.e., self-executable) system which can exhibit all the possible reactive behaviors of the original open system. These behaviors can then be analyzed using VeriSoft, an existing tool for systematically exploring the state spaces of closed systems composed of multiple (possibly nondeterministic) processes executing arbitrary code. We have implemented the techniques introduced in this paper in a prototype tool for automatically closing open programs written in the C programming language. We discuss preliminary experimental results obtained with a large telephone-switching software application developed at Lucent Technologies.
Cognition and Renewal: Comparing CEO and Organizational Effects on Incumbent Adaptation to Technical Change

We investigate the conditions under which managerial cognition affects the timing of incumbent entry into a radical new technological market. We address this question using a longitudinal study of communications technology firms entering the fiber-optics product market. Using a hazard rate model, we investigate the relevance of cognition based on the direction of CEO attention. We find that attention toward the emerging technology and the affected industry is associated with faster entry, and attention to existing technologies is associated with slower progress. Second, we assess the extent to which the effect of cognition is dependent upon the levels of relevant organizational factors and find that CEO attention to the emerging technology may amplify the effects of industry orientation. Managerial cognition is important in understanding organizational outcomes, and considering both the direction of cognition and its interaction with organizational factors provides a more nuanced view of entry behavior. These results contribute to the literatures on incumbent response to technical change and new product development by suggesting that context-specific managerial cognition has a separate and important influence on the degree and direction of strategic renewal. We argue that managerial cognition is therefore a dynamic managerial capability that can shape adaptation by established firms.
Perceived Promotional Opportunities in Veterans Affairs Hospitals

Previous studies using relational demography theory have hypothesized that being demographically dissimilar has a negative impact on individual perceptions of advancement opportunities. The authors investigate whether an organization’s social context, leaders’ characteristics, and geographic location offset, or even reverse, the negative effects of being dissimilar. Data were collected through two surveys: a 1995 survey of 2,252 employees from 139 treatment units in 38 Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) psychiatric hospitals, and a 1999 survey of the 38VA hospitals’ administrative offices. The authors used nested linear regression analysis to test the hypotheses. Unlike previous studies, the results indicate that the more dissimilar an individual is with regard to age andrace, the more positive his or her perceptions of advancement opportunities. They conclude that the equal employment opportunity policies pursued by public sector organizations, such as the VA, may alter the relationship between demographic dissimilarity and perceptions of advancement opportunities.
Mediating Languages and Cultures: Towards an Intercultural Theory of Foreign Language Education

Mediating languages and cultures teaching culture and language culture studies and foreign language teaching after World War II culture in German foreign language teaching area studies in the German Democratic Republic "Background Studies" in English foreign language teaching interculturalizing the French education system young people's perceptions of other cultures stereotypes in intercultural communication developing transcultural competence culture and "hidden culture" in Moscow cultural reference in European textbooks presenting distant cultures world studies and foreign language teaching relating experience, culture and language the acquisition of cultural competence the observation diary from integrative studies to context theory intercultural pedagogy intercultural learning at school language education across Europe.