Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Collaborative circles : friendship dynamics & creative work

Many artists, writers, and other creative people do their best work when collaborating within a circle of likeminded friends. Experimenting together and challenging one another, they develop the courage to rebel against the established traditions in their field. Out of their discussions they develop a new, shared vision that guides their work even when they work alone. In a unique study that will become a rich source of ideas for professionals and anyone interested in fostering creative work in the arts and sciences, Michael P. Farrell looks at the group dynamics in six collaborative circles: the French Impressionists; Sigmund Freud and his friends; C. S. Lewis, J. R. R. Tolkien, and the Inklings; social reformers Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony; the Fugitive poets; and the writers Joseph Conrad and Ford Maddox Ford. He demonstrates how the unusual interactions in these collaborative circles drew out the creativity in each member. Farrell also presents vivid narrative accounts of the roles played by the members of each circle. He considers how working in such circles sustains the motivation of each member to do creative work; how collaborative circles shape the individual styles of the persons within them; how leadership roles and interpersonal relationships change as circles develop; and why some circles flourish while others flounder.
The Nature of Time in Schools: Theoretical Concepts, Practitioner Perceptions

What are teachers' perceptions of time? How do they cope with the complex tasks of managing time? How is time experienced differently in various subject matters? These questions and others are addressed in this book. The editors bring an international perspective to the collection, as do the contributors, who include David C. Berliner, Sally Brown, F. Michael Connelly, John Olson, and Thomas A. Romberg. The 13 chapters, grouped into four parts, represent varied approaches and methods of study: theoretical contributions, case studies, and quantitative investigations. Part I provides a state-of-art review of research about time in schooling, followed by a discussion of recent conceptual developments. Part II presents studies of teacher's perceptions of time in different cultures. Part III deals with the concept of time in teaching various subject-matter areas. Part IV looks at time in transition contexts - from student teacher to teacher and from teacher to principal. Throughout the book, time is examined from the perspective of practitioners, yielding important insight into teaching-learning situations in classrooms. Of special interest to researchers in education, this edited collection will also be a useful resource for courses in teacher education, educational psychology, and educational administration, as well as for inservice workshops for teachers.
Anger Expression, Coping Styles, and Well-being

This study examined the role of anger expression in the experience of stress, coping with stress and psychological and physical well-being. Based on a sample of 268 Singaporeans, the results, using structural equation modelling, indicated that anger expression was significantly related to reported stress, mechanisms for coping with stress and psychological wellbeing. Higher levels of anger expression were associated with higher levels of stress as well as lower use of active coping. Active coping was in turn positively related to psychological well-being. In addition, higher levels of anger expression showed a direct negative relationship with psychological well-being as did higher levels of stress. In contrast, the only significant predictor of physical well-being was reported stress, with higher levels of stress related to lower levels of physical well-being. The implications of these results for understanding the role of anger expression in psychological and physical wellbeing are discussed.
Simulative performance evaluation of a mobile peer-to-peer file-sharing system

Peer-to-peer (P2P) file-sharing has become the killer application in the wired Internet and might also be highly attractive for mobile networks. In particular since UMTS operators are searching for new applications which do both: a) exploit the potential of the UMTS technology and b) motivate the user to adopt the new technology. In this work we are investigating the performance of an eDonkey-based mobile P2P file-sharing system by means of time-dynamic simulation. Mobile networks differ from wireline networks by the limited capacity of the radio link and the mobility of the users. P2P networks, in contrast, are overlays which consider the transport network in an abstract way. In a mobile environment, the question arises, whether the abstraction can be maintained and what will be the performance impact if there is any. We will show in detail how the mobile access technology (GPRS or UMTS), the churn behavior of mobile users, the file size of mobile specific content, and special infrastructure entities, such as a cache peer, influences the performance of the suggested mobile P2P file-sharing service.
Stat3-mediated Myc expression is required for Src transformation and PDGF-induced mitogenesis

Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins perform key roles in mediating signaling by cytokines and growth factors, including platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF). In addition, Src family kinases activate STAT signaling and are required for PDGF-induced mitogenesis in normal cells. One STAT family member, Stat3, has been shown to have an essential role in cell transformation by the Src oncoprotein. However, the mechanisms by which STAT-signaling pathways contribute to mitogenesis and transformation are not fully defined. We show here that disruption of Stat3 signaling by using dominant-negative Stat3β protein in NIH 3T3 fibroblasts suppresses c-Myc expression concomitant with inhibition of v-Src-induced transformation. Ectopic expression of c-Myc is able to partially reverse this inhibition, suggesting that c-Myc is a downstream effector of Stat3 signaling in v-Src transformation. Furthermore, c-myc gene knockout fibroblasts are refractory to transformation by v-Src, consistent with a requirement for c-Myc protein in v-Src transformation. In normal NIH 3T3 cells, disruption of Stat3 signaling with dominant-negative Stat3β protein inhibits PDGF-induced mitogenesis in a manner that is reversed by ectopic c-Myc expression. Moreover, inhibition of Src family kinases with the pharmacologic agent, SU6656, blocks Stat3 activation by PDGF. These findings, combined together, delineate the signaling pathway, PDGF → Src → Stat3 → Myc, that is important in normal PDGF-induced mitogenesis and subverted in Src transformation.
Over 20% of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia carry stereotyped receptors: Pathogenetic implications and clinical correlations.

The chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) immunoglobulin repertoire is biased and characterized by the existence of subsets of cases with closely homologous ("stereotyped") complementarity-determining region 3 (CDR3) sequences. In the present series, 201 (21.9%) of 916 patients with CLL expressed IGHV genes that belonged to 1 of 48 different subsets of sequences with stereotyped heavy chain (H) CDR3. Twenty-six subsets comprised 3 or more sequences and were considered "confirmed. " The remaining subsets comprised pairs of sequences and were considered "potential"; public database CLL sequences were found to be members of 9 of 22 "potential" subsets, thereby allowing us to consider them also "confirmed. " The chance of belonging to a subset exceeded 35% for unmutated or selected IGHV genes (eg, IGHV1-69/3-21/4-39). Comparison to non-CLL public database sequences showed that HCDR3 restriction is "CLL-related. " CLL cases with selected stereotyped immunoglobulins (IGs) were also found to share unique biologic and clinical features. In particular, cases expressing stereotyped IGHV4-39/IGKV1-39-1D-39 and IGHV4-34/IGKV2-30 were always IgG-switched. In addition, IGHV4-34/IGKV2-30 patients were younger and followed a strikingly indolent disease, contrasting other patients (eg, those expressing IGHV3-21/IGLV3-21) who experienced an aggressive disease, regardless of IGHV mutations. These findings suggest that a particular antigen-binding site can be critical in determining the clinical features and outcome for at least some CLL patients.
Issues in evaluating semantic spaces using word analogies

The offset method for solving word analogies has become a standard evaluation tool for vector-space semantic models: it is considered desirable for a space to represent semantic relations as consistent vector offsets. We show that the method's reliance on cosine similarity conflates offset consistency with largely irrelevant neighborhood structure, and propose simple baselines that should be used to improve the utility of the method in vector space evaluation.
Chronic valvular disease in the cavalier King Charles spaniel in Sweden

The prevalence of chronic valvular disease was studied in 494 cavalier King Charles spaniels with a mean (+/- sd) age of 3.0 +/- 2.7 years. Cardiac murmurs were detected in 65 (13.2 per cent) of the dogs. Among 61 cavalier King Charles spaniels with a mean age of 6.4 +/- 2.8 years, cardiac murmurs were detected in 32 (52 per cent). In both groups of dogs the prevalence of cardiac murmurs was low among dogs younger than three years (1.9 per cent) but increased with age (P < 0.001). The estimated ages at which 50 per cent of the dogs had developed murmurs were 7.5 and 6.2 years, respectively. When 39 of the 61 dogs were re-examined three years later, cardiac murmurs were detected in 28 (72 per cent), and the intensities of the murmurs had generally increased (P < 0.05). Nine (28 per cent) of the dogs which had previously had murmurs had been euthanased for signs of congestive heart failure whereas none of the dogs which had been free of murmurs had died from congestive heart failure. Animal insurance statistics from 1982 to 1990 (1983 excluded) for dogs less than 10 years old showed that claims for veterinary care or death or euthanasia were five times more common in the cavalier King Charles spaniel than in dachshunds (P < 0.001) and eight times more common than the mean for all other insured breeds (P < 0.001).
Mutations Affecting Starch Synthase III in Arabidopsis Alter Leaf Starch Structure and Increase the Rate of Starch Synthesis1

The role of starch synthase (SS) III (SSIII) in the synthesis of transient starch in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) was investigated by characterizing the effects of two insertion mutations at the AtSS3 gene locus. Both mutations, termed Atss3-1 and Atss3-2, condition complete loss of SSIII activity and prevent normal gene expression at both the mRNA and protein levels. The mutations cause a starch excess phenotype in leaves during the light period of the growth cycle due to an apparent increase in the rate of starch synthesis. In addition, both mutations alter the physical structure of leaf starch. Significant increases were noted in the mutants in the frequency of linear chains in amylopectin with a degree of polymerization greater than approximately 60, and relatively small changes were observed in chains of degree of polymerization 4 to 50. Furthermore, starch in the Atss3-1 and Atss3-2 mutants has a higher phosphate content, approximately two times that of wild-type leaf starch. Total SS activity is increased in both Atss3 mutants and a specific SS activity appears to be up-regulated. The data indicate that, in addition to its expected direct role in starch assembly, SSIII also has a negative regulatory function in the biosynthesis of transient starch in Arabidopsis.
Locus of control, self-serving biases, and attitudes towards safety in general aviation pilots.

Of the three related survey studies that were conducted, two are summarized and one, which characterizes all three, is reported in detail. The studies attempted to determine how aviators compared with the general population on the personality dimension--locus of control (internal vs. external) and how this was related to aviators' attendance at FAA Safety Clinics. In addition, aviators were surveyed regarding their attitudes towards safety, their flying skill, and the likelihood that they would have an accident during the remainder of their careers. Results showed aviators to be significantly more internal in locus of control than the general U.S. population and to have strong self-serving biases regarding their skill and safety levels. Pilots who attended FAA Safety Clinics tended to have a more internal locus of control than those who did not.
Nutritional Value and Uses of Microalgae in Aquaculture

Microalgae play indeed a crucial nutritional role with regard to marine animals in the open sea, and consequently in aquaculture. Most marine invertebrates depend on microalgae for their whole life cycle, so commercial and experimental mollusc or fish hatcheries have included a microalga production system in parallel to their animal production itself. Microalgae are utilized as live feed for all growth stages of bivalve molluscs (e.g. oysters, scallops, clams and mussels), for larval/early juvenile stages of abalone, crustaceans and some fish species, and for zooplankton used in aquaculture food webs at large. It should be emphasized that the productivity of any hatchery is directly related to the quantity and quality of the food source used therein.
The distribution and purity of anorthosite across the Orientale basin: New perspectives from Moon Mineralogy Mapper data

The Orientale basin is a multiring impact structure on the western limb of the Moon that provides a clear view of the primary lunar crust exposed during basin formation. Previously, near‐infrared reflectance spectra suggested that Orientale's Inner Rook Ring (IRR) is very poor in mafic minerals and may represent anorthosite excavated from the Moon's upper crust. However, detailed assessment of the mineralogy of these anorthosites was prohibited because the available spectroscopic data sets did not identify the diagnostic plagioclase absorption feature near 1250 nm. Recently, however, this absorption has been identified in several spectroscopic data sets, including the Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3), enabling the unique identification of a plagioclase‐dominated lithology at Orientale for the first time. Here we present the first in‐depth characterization of the Orientale anorthosites based on direct measurement of their plagioclase component. In addition, detailed geologic context of the exposures is discussed based on analysis of Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Narrow Angle Camera images for selected anorthosite identifications. The results confirm that anorthosite is overwhelmingly concentrated in the IRR. Comparison with nonlinear spectral mixing models suggests that the anorthosite is exceedingly pure, containing >95 vol % plagioclase in most areas and commonly ~99–100 vol %. These new data place important constraints on magma ocean crystallization scenarios, which must produce a zone of highly pure anorthosite spanning the entire lateral extent of the 430 km diameter IRR.
Conceptualism and the Myth of the Given

Content Conceptualism is the view that all representational content, including the content of perceptual experiences, is conceptual content. The main motivation for this view is that it alone intelligibly explains how perceptual experiences justify beliefs. Underlying this position is what I will call 'Epistemic Conceptualism', according to which only conceptual contents can provide reasons for, and thus justify, beliefs. McDowell's commitment to some such position comes out quite clearly in his discussion of the 'Myth of the Given', which he characterizes as 'the idea that the space of reasons, the space of justification or warrants, extends more widely than the conceptual sphere' (McDowell 1994: 7). In order to disabuse of this idea, he assures us that 'We cannot really understand the relations in virtue of which a judgement is warranted except as relations within the space of concepts: relations such as implication or probabilification, which hold between potential exercises of conceptual capacities' (McDowell 1994: 7). Bill Brewer has also argued for Content Conceptualism on this basis—though his position has changed in important ways since. (See Brewer, 2006) In what follows, I will argue that Epistemic Conceptualism is flawed. In particular, I will argue that we cannot account entirely for the reason-giving role of experiences in terms of their conceptual content, or the conceptual content of other mental states to which they are related in reason-giving ways. We must, rather, credit them with something besides or in addition to conceptual content if we are to explain the distinctive contribution they make to the epistemic status of beliefs. 2 I. One of the most important motivations for Content Conceptualism is that it alone intelligibly accounts for the fact that perceptual experiences justify beliefs. One of the most lucid arguments for Content Conceptualism is due to Brewer (2005: 218), and runs as follows: (1) Sense experiential states provide reasons for empirical beliefs. (2) Sense experiential states provide reasons for empirical beliefs only if they have conceptual content. (CC) Therefore, sense experiential states have conceptual content. Before explaining exactly how and whether this argument supports Content Conceptualism, let me examine each of the premises in turn. The first thing to note about Brewer's first premise is that it is incompatible with a purely externalist account of the relation between experience and belief, according to which experiences provide warrant for beliefs, but that such warrant stems solely from the fact that experiences reliably cause true …
Targeting myocardial substrate metabolism in heart failure: potential for new therapies

The incidence and prevalence of heart failure have increased significantly over the past few decades. Available data suggest that patients with heart failure independent of the aetiology have viable but dysfunctional myocardium that is potentially salvageable. Although a great deal of research effort has focused on characterizing the molecular basis of heart failure, cardiac metabolism in this disorder remains an understudied discipline. It is known that many aspects of cardiomyocyte energetics are altered in heart failure. These include a shift from fatty acid to glucose as a preferred substrate and a decline in the levels of ATP. Despite these demonstrated changes, there are currently no approved drugs that target metabolic enzymes or proteins in heart failure. This is partly due to our limited knowledge of the mechanisms and pathways that regulate cardiac metabolism. Better characterization of these pathways may potentially lead to new therapies for heart failure. Targeting myocardial energetics in the viable and potentially salvageable tissue may be particularly effective in the treatment of heart failure. Here, we will review metabolic changes that occur in fatty acid and glucose metabolism and AMP‐activated kinase in heart failure. We propose that cardiac energetics should be considered as a potential target for therapy in heart failure and more research should be done in this area.
Sleep disturbance is associated with cardiovascular and metabolic disorders

Existing research has demonstrated associations between sleep duration and obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and mortality. Sleep disorders research has shown that sleep apnoea, insomnia and other sleep disorders confer risk for cardiometabolic disease, particularly in the presence of reduced sleep duration. The aim of the present study was to examine the associations between general sleep disturbance, operationalized as ‘difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or sleeping too much’ as measured in a large, nationally representative sample, and self‐reported history of myocardial infarction, stroke, coronary artery disease, diabetes and obesity. Data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were analysed. Complete data were available for 138 201 individuals. A hierarchical logistic regression analysis examined associations before and after adjustment for demographic, socioeconomic, medical and psychological factors. After adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic and health risk factors, sleep duration was associated with obesity [odds ratio (OR) = 1.18, P < 0.0005), diabetes (OR = 1.18, P < 0.005), myocardial infarction (OR = 1.36, P < 0.0005), stroke (OR = 1.22, P < 0.05) and coronary artery disease (OR = 1.59, P < 0.0005). In fully adjusted models that included physical health, significant relationships remained for obesity (OR = 1.14, P < 0.0005), myocardial infarction (OR = 1.23, P < 0.005) and coronary artery disease (OR = 1.43, P < 0.0005). Sleep disturbance is a significant risk factor for obesity, diabetes, myocardial infarction, stroke and coronary artery disease, and effects for obesity, myocardial infarction and coronary artery disease are the most robust after adjustment. This study demonstrates that sleep disturbance is a novel risk factor that is potentially modifiable. Future research should determine whether sleep intervention could reduce the cardiometabolic consequences of sleep disturbance.
DNA-Inspired Online Behavioral Modeling and Its Application to Spambot Detection

A novel, simple, and effective approach to modeling online user behavior extracts and analyzes digital DNA sequences from user online actions and uses Twitter as a benchmark to test the proposal. Specifically, the model obtains an incisive and compact DNA-inspired characterization of user actions. Then, standard DNA analysis techniques discriminate between genuine and spambot accounts on Twitter. An experimental campaign supports the proposal, showing its effectiveness and viability. Although Twitter spambot detection is a specific use case on a specific social media platform, the proposed methodology is platform and technology agnostic, paving the way for diverse behavioral characterization tasks.
Dynamic cache management in multi-core architectures through run-time adaptation

Non-Uniform Cache Access (NUCA) architectures provide a potential solution to reduce the average latency for the last-level-cache (LLC), where the cache is organized into per-core local and remote partitions. Recent research has demonstrated the benefits of cooperative cache sharing among local and remote partitions. However, ignoring cache access patterns of concurrently executing applications sharing the local and remote partitions can cause inter-partition contention that reduces the overall instruction throughput. We propose a dynamic cache management scheme for LLC in NUCA-based architectures, which reduces inter-partition contention. Our proposed scheme provides efficient cache sharing by adapting migration, insertion, and promotion policies in response to the dynamic requirements of the individual applications with different cache access behaviors. Our adaptive cache management scheme allows individual cores to steal cache capacity from remote partitions to achieve better resource utilization. On average, our proposed scheme increases the performance (instructions per cycle) by 28% (minimum 8.4%, maximum 75%) compared to a private LLC organization.