Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complete Androgen Insensitivity Syndrome Associated with Male Gender Identity or Female Precocious Puberty in the Same Family

In 4 complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS) members of one family, 2 presented extreme and unusual clinical features: male gender identity disorder (case 1) and female precocious central puberty (case 2). The AR gene carried the mutation c.1752C>G, p.Phe584Leu. Gender dysphoria in CAIS may be considered as a true transgender and has been described in 3 other cases. Central precocious puberty has only been described in 1 case; Müllerian ducts in case 2 permitted menarche. Despite the common CAIS phenotype, there was a familial disparity for gender identity adequacy and timing and type of puberty.
Effects of retinoids on the TGF-beta system and extracellular matrix in experimental glomerulonephritis.

Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta 1) overexpression plays a key role in the glomerular accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins in renal disease. Retinoids have previously been shown to significantly limit glomerular damage in rat experimental glomerulonephritis. Therefore, the effects of all-trans retinoic acid and isotretinoin on the components of the TGF-beta system and extracellular matrix proteins in anti-Thy1.1-nephritis (Thy-GN) were investigated. Vehicle-injected control rats were compared with rats treated with daily subcutaneous injections of 10 mg/kg body wt all-trans retinoic acid or 40 mg/kg body wt isotretinoin (n = 9 per group) either with a pretreatment (day -2 through 8) or posttreatment protocol (day +3 through 8), i.e., starting before or after induction of Thy-GN, respectively. Urinary TGF-beta 1 excretion was 60% lower in all-trans retinoic acid-treated animals with Thy-GN (P < 0.025). The increase of cortical TGF-beta 1 gene expression in Thy-GN rats was significantly attenuated with all-trans retinoic acid and even more with isotretinoin treatment as compared with untreated animals (P < 0.025). Cortical expression of TGF receptor II, but not receptor I gene expression, was significantly lower in animals treated with all-trans retinoic acid or isotretinoin (P < 0.05). In all-trans retinoic acid-treated animals with Thy-GN, the increase of glomerular TGF-beta 1 protein (P < 0.008) and TGF-beta 1 (P < 0.025) and TGF receptor II mRNA (P < 0.015) was significantly less. Immunohistochemistry revealed less glomerular staining for TGF-beta 1 and TGF receptor II in the presence of all-trans retinoic acid. TGF-beta 1 immunostaining was not restricted to monocytes and macrophages, as indicated by double-staining. Glomerular staining for collagen IV and collagen III was less in animals treated with isotretinoin (P < 0.02 for both) in contrast to all-trans retinoic acid, whereas fibronectin remained unchanged. It was concluded that the beneficial effects of retinoids on glomerular damage are presumably due to a marked reduction in renal TGF-beta 1 and TGF receptor II expression.
Algebraic structures connected with pairs of compatible associative algebras

We study associative multiplications in semisimple associative algebras over ℂ compatible with the usual one or, in other words, linear deformations of semi-simple associative algebras over ℂ. It turns out that these deformations are in one-to-one correspondence with representations of certain algebraic structures, which we call M-structures in the matrix case and PM-structures in the case of direct sums of several matrix algebras. We also investigate various properties of PM-structures, provide numerous examples and describe an important class of PM-structures. The classification of these PM-structures naturally leads to affine Dynkin diagrams of A,D,E-types.
LARGE DISTAL ANTERIOR CEREBRAL ARTERY ANEURYSM TREATED WITH RESECTION AND INTERPOSITION GRAFT: CASE REPORT

OBJECTIVEDistal anterior cerebral artery (DACA) aneurysms are rare, representing only 2% to 6.7% of all intracranial aneurysms. Most of them are small. Large and giant aneurysms are even rarer in this location. Only 26 giant pericallosal (PC) aneurysms have been reported thus far. Various surgical techniques have been used to treat these aneurysms, including direct aneurysm neck clipping, aneurysm trapping, proximal occlusion of the anterior cerebral artery, or a combination of clipping with coiling or a bypass procedure. The report presents an unusual case of a complex DACA aneurysm managed by resection and interposition arterial graft. CLINICAL PRESENTATIONA 69-year-old woman presented with acute onset of a severe headache. A digital subtraction angiogram showed a partially thrombosed, complex broad-necked A2–A3 junction aneurysm involving the origin of PC and callosomarginal vessels with a probability of a dissection of the DACA. The left PC artery was significantly narrowed. Because of the complex neck and involvement of the origin of PC and callosomarginal arteries, endovascular treatment was not possible, and microsurgical treatment was planned. TECHNIQUEA large, partially thrombosed, and fusiform anterior cerebral artery A2–A3 aneurysm, with evidence of previous bleeding, was found and treated with resection and a short interposition graft using a segment of the superficial temporal artery. CONCLUSIONSurgical treatment of a large DACA aneurysm may be difficult due to a complex neck and the involvement of the branch vessels. Resection and interposition grafting and A3–A3 or A4–A4 anastomoses are treatment options for such patients.
Effect of inhibition on tyrosinase and melanogenesis of Agastache rugosa Kuntze by lactic acid bacteria fermentation

This work presents the first report that A. rugosa could have tyrosinase and melanogenesis inhibition and that its activities also be improved by fermentation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Lactobacillus paracasei. It was found that the tyrosinase and melanogenesis inhibition was correlated with antioxidant activity of acacetin, the major biologically active substances in A. rugosa.
Recommending aspirin for primary prevention in diabetic patients: what may we conclude from the data?

Cardiovascular (CV) disease is the leading cause of morbidity and is responsible for premature mortality in patients with diabetes [King et al. 1998]. In addition to its association with multiple classical CV risk factors, diabetes is associated with accelerated atherosclerosis and inflammation that contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of vascular complications [Evangelista et al. 2005]. For this reason, antiplatelet therapy is considered an essential component of diabetes care to reduce ischemic risk [Angiolillo, 2009].
INDIRECT BASOPHIL DEGRANULATION TEST IN PENICILLIN ALLERGY.

The indirect basophil degranulation test is an efficient and simple means for detecting penicillin hypersensitivity and is easily adaptable to laboratory use. The major problems are variability among the individual serum controls and difficulty in interpreting the penicillin-serum test results in patients with borderline serum controls. These problems are obviated by using the simultaneous serum control and penicillinserum test technique to determine the T-SC value, which is obtained by subtracting the number of altered basophils seen in the serum control from the number seen in the penicillin-serum test after counting 20 basophils. With the T-SC value, only 5% of the control group had a value of six or more, whereas 50% of the penicillinreactor group had this value. This technique is also a simple means for observing changes in the basophil, which are for the most part subtle alterations in cytology rather than explosive degranulation.
Ten years of severe plastic deformation (SPD) in Iran, part I: equal channel angular pressing (ECAP)

The superior properties of ultrafine-grained materials fabricated by severe plastic deformation (SPD) have attracted the attention of many researchers around the world. Among the top-ranked countries that are active in this field, Iran is interesting because of the late beginnings of SPD in this country and, subsequently, the highest rate of growth in the number of publications during the last decade. The first Iranian work published in the field of equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP) goes back to 2007, meaning that SPD research covers a period of only about ten years. Nevertheless, since that time there has been an increasing growth rate in the number of Iranian publications dealing with ECAP and especially the introduction of new methods based on ECAP and simulation of the method. The present overview is designed to summarize the main contributions from Iran in the field of ECAP processing. Interestingly, the main contribution of Iranian researchers in ECAP is focused on simulation/modelling and the introduction of new methods of SPD based on ECAP.
Antibacterial activity of Pyrrosia petiolosa ethyl acetate extract against Staphylococcus aureus by decreasing hla and sea virulence genes

Abstract The aim of this study was to explore the antibacterial activity of Pyrrosia petiolosa ethyl acetate extract (PPEAE) against Staphylococcus aureus in vitro and analyse its chemical components by gas chromatograph-mass spectrometry. The results of anti-microbial assay revealed that PPEAE had strong inhibitory activity against S . aureus, with MIC and MBC of 7.8 and 15.6 mg/mL, respectively. The transcriptional levels of hla and sea were reduced to 14.33 and 46.39% at the MIC compared to the control. Analysing test result exhibited that eugenol made a great contribution to antibacterial activity. This experiment indicated that PPEAE had prominent antibacterial activity against S. aureus.
Is Jacobi-Davidson Faster than Davidson?

The Davidson method is a popular technique to compute a few of the smallest (or largest) eigenvalues of a large sparse real symmetric matrix. It is effective when the matrix is nearly diagonal, that is, when the matrix of eigenvectors is close to the identity matrix. However, its convergence properties are not yet well understood, and neither is how it behaves compared to the more recent Jacobi--Davidson method, for which a proper convergence analysis exists. In this paper, we develop a new convergence analysis of the Davidson method. This analysis proves that the convergence is fast for nearly diagonal matrices when the method is initialized in the standard way. One may at this stage not expect any significant improvement by shifting to the Jacobi--Davidson method. On the other hand, the latter may be more effective for more general initial approximations. It is also best suited for matrices that are not nearly diagonal, thanks to the use of more sophisticated preconditioning and/or inner iterations.
Content-Driven Retargeting of Stereoscopic Images

This letter proposes a novel warping-based method for the content-driven retargeting of stereoscopic images. Conventional algorithms in single image retargeting generally do not consider the scene depth saliency and disparity consistency when applied independently to left and right images . Therefore, the salient region and stereoscopic correlation of independently retargeted images can become corrupted. On the other hand, the proposed algorithm retains the stereo consistency of the retargeted images by matching the vertices of the grid and preserving the correspondence between them. Vertex disparity is propagated by a GPU interpolation to construct a sparse disparity map. To improve the capability of preserving visually important regions, the sparse disparity is used in conjunction with the image gradient in a saliency map computation. The experimental results show that the proposed method retains the correct disparity, while the salient objects remain undistorted in the retargeted stereoscopic image pairs.
Your ideas about participation and environment: a new self-report instrument

Abstract Purpose: To examine the meaningfulness, usefulness and acceptability of a new self-report instrument: “your ideas about participation and environment” (YIPE). Method: Cognitive interviewing was employed with 10 adults with disabilities to explore YIPE questions and formatting. Thematic content procedures were used in data analysis. The instrument was revised; participants were re-interviewed and data were re-examined. Results: Participants considered the YIPE as a helpful tool to assist with developing person-centred goals and communicating their needs to health professionals, thus establishing its meaningfulness. They believed it could be useful at various points in the intervention process (e.g. preparation, monitoring, and evaluation). Participants also endorsed the YIPE’s computer-based format, thus confirming its acceptability. Conclusions: The findings support the meaningfulness, acceptability and usefulness of the YIPE and consequently its potential for empowering service users and promoting person-centred care. Using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health as the basis resulted in an instrument that was appropriate for understanding the interrelationship between participation and the supportiveness of the usual environment in which participation generally takes place. Implications for Rehabilitation The YIPE is a useful tool to assist with developing person-centred goals, communicate needs with health professionals and it can be used at various points in a therapy process (preparation, monitoring or evaluation). The interrelationship between participation and the environment is important to consider when measuring functioning. Self-report empowers people to play an active role in interactions with health professionals and promote their own care.
Pharmacogenetic Biomarkers Predictive of the Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Immunosuppressive Drugs

Abstract: In association with therapeutic drug monitoring of immunosuppressive drugs, pharmacogenetics has rapidly emerged as an additional tool to refine dose selection or, more interestingly to select, a priori, the first dose to administer. Pharmacogenetic biomarkers are now readily available in most transplantation centers, at a limited cost and within a limited analytical time frame, which make them compatible with the clinical decision process. However, despite some evidence of clear associations between polymorphisms in genes encoding metabolizing enzymes (CYP3A4/3A5, UGT1A9) or drug transporters (ABCB1, ABCC2, SLCO1B1) and pharmacokinetics of several immunosuppressive drugs, pre-emptive genotyping and selection of the optimal starting dose based on the genetic background of the patient is still rarely performed in clinical practice. The main reason is probably the lack of formal proof that clinical outcome really improves after genotype-based dosing. So far, the only clinical recommendation in relation to pharmacogenetic biomarkers should be a doubling of the starting tacrolimus dose in patients who are CYP3A5 expressers, and even in this case, some authors still do not recommend pre-emptive genotyping but only genotype-based adaptation if the CYP3A5 genotype is already known. However, with the rise of new technologies, as next generation sequencing, allowing to obtain pre-emptive genetic information, one must be aware that the question will no longer be whether to genotype or not but rather whether or not to use the information already there. There was therefore a need to update the information available in relation to pharmacogenetic biomarkers for calcineurin inhibitors, mycophenolic acid, and mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors.
Moral Chivalry

Moral perceptions of harm and fairness are instrumental in guiding how an individual navigates moral challenges. Classic research documents that the gender of a target can affect how people deploy these perceptions of harm and fairness. Across multiple studies, we explore the effect of an individual’s moral orientations (their considerations of harm and justice) and a target’s gender on altruistic behavior. Results reveal that a target’s gender can bias one’s readiness to engage in harmful actions and that a decider’s considerations of harm—but not fairness concerns—modulate costly altruism. Together, these data illustrate that moral choices are conditional on the social nature of the moral dyad: Even under the same moral constraints, a target’s gender and a decider’s gender can shift an individual’s choice to be more or less altruistic, suggesting that gender bias and harm considerations play a significant role in moral cognition.
An Empirical Study on Emotions, Knowledge Management Processes, and Performance within Integrated Business Process Teams

This study focuses on the impact of knowledge management processes on the performance of business process teams, as well as the moderating role of team arousal variability on such relationship. Using a controlled research setting involving the use of an ERP system, our results show that not all knowledge management processes are beneficial for team performance, and that the variability within the level of team arousal moderates the relationship between knowledge management processes and team performance. This paper has implications in research on business process management, knowledge management, and electronic collaboration.
A Strategy for Preparative Separation of 10 Lignans from Justicia procumbens L. by High-Speed Counter-Current Chromatography

Ten compounds, including three lignan glycosides and seven lignans, were purified from Justicia procumbens L. in 8 h using an efficient strategy based on high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC). The two-phase solvent system composed of petroleum–ethyl acetate–methanol–H2O (1:0.7:1:0.7, v/v) was firstly employed to separate the crude extract (320 mg), from which 19.3 mg of justicidin B (f), 10.8 mg of justicidin A (g), 13.9 mg of 6′-hydroxyjusticidin C (h), 7.7 mg of justicidin E (i), 6.3 mg of lignan J1 (j) were obtained with 91.3 mg of enriched mixture of compounds a–e. The enriched mixture (91.3 mg) was further separated using the solvent system consisting of petroleum–ethyl acetate–methanol–H2O (3:3.8:3:3.8, v/v), yielding 12.1 mg of procumbenoside E (a); 7.6 mg of diphyllin-1-O-β-d-apiofuranoside (b); 7.4 mg of diphyllin (c); 8.3 mg of 6′-hydroxy justicidin B (d); and 7.9 mg of diphyllin acetyl apioside (e). The purities of the 10 components were all above 94%, and their structures were identified by NMR and ESI-MS spectra. The results demonstrated that the strategy based on HSCCC for the separation of lignans and their glycosides was efficient and rapid.
Anaphylaxis to dye during breast surgery

excavatum repair in children. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2007; 98: 677– 81. 5 Grant RP, Dolman JF, Harper JA, et al. Patient-controlled lumbar epidural fentanyl compared with patient-controlled intravenous fentanyl for post-thoracotomy pain. Canadian Journal of Anesthesia 1992; 39: 214–9. 6 Nikkola EM, Ekblad UU, Kero PO, Alihanka JJM, Salonen MAO. Intravenous fentanyl PCA during labour. Canadian Journal of Anesthesia 1997; 44: 1248–55. 7 Kim SY, Kim EM, Nam KH, Chang DJ, Nam SH, Kim KJ. Postoperative intravenous patient-controlled analgesia in thyroid surgery: comparison of ondansetron regimens with and without the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ketorolac. Thyroid 2008; 18: 1285–90.
Are the Same Attentional Mechanisms Used to Detect Visual Search Targets Defined by Color, Orientation, and Motion?

Motion information tends to be segregated from color and form information in the visual system, both perceptually and neuroanatomically, and it is therefore possible that different mechanisms of attention are used to select targets defined by these different feature types during visual search. To test this hypothesis, we recorded the N2pc component of the event-related potential waveform during visual search tasks with color, orientation, and motion targets. The N2pc component has previously been shown to reflect a specific attentional mechanism that is present for color and form targets, and we sought to determine whether this component would also be present for motion targets. The N2pc component was indeed observed for motion targets as well as color and orientation targets, consistent with the use of a common attentional mechanism across feature types. In addition, we found that motion singletons (i.e., individual items that moved in the opposite direction from the other items in the army) elicited an N2pc component even when they were task-irrelevant, indicating that motion discontinuities may produce an automatic orienting of attention.
A prospective randomized double-blind study comparing dexmedetomidine vs. combination of midazolam-fentanyl for tympanoplasty surgery under monitored anesthesia care

Background: Analgesia and sedation are usually required for the comfort of the patient and surgeon during tympanoplasty surgery done under local anesthesia. In this study, satisfaction scores and effectiveness of sedation and analgesia with dexmedetomidine were compared with a combination of midazolam-fentanyl. Materials and Methods: Ninety patients undergoing tympanoplasty under local anesthesia randomly received either IV dexmedetomidine 1 μg kg-1 over 10 min followed by 0.2 μg kg-1h-1 infusion (Group D) or IV midazolam 0.06 mg kg-1 plus IV fentanyl 1 μg kg-1 over 10 min (Group MF) followed by normal saline infusion at 0.2 ml kg-1h-1. Sedation was titrated to Ramsay sedation score (RSS) of three. Vital parameters, rescue analgesics (fentanyl 1 μg kg-1) and sedatives (midazolam 0.01 mg kg-1), patient and surgeon satisfaction scores were recorded. Results: Patient and surgeon satisfaction score was better in Group D than Group MF (median interquartile range (IQR) 9 (8-10) vs. 8 (6.5-9.5) and 9 (8.5-9.5) vs. 8 (6.75-9.25), P = 0.0001 for both). Intraoperative heart rate and mean arterial pressure in Group D were lower than the baseline values and the corresponding values in Group MF (P < 0.05). Percentage of patients requiring rescue fentanyl was higher in Group MF than Group D (40% vs. 11.1%, P = 0.01). One patient in Group D while four in Group MF (8.8%) required rescue sedation with midazolam (P > 0.17). Seven patients in Group D had dry mouth vs. none in Group MF (P = 0.006). One patient in Group D had bradycardia with hypotension which was effectively treated. Conclusion: Dexmedetomidine is comparable to midazolam-fentanyl for sedation and analgesia in tympanoplasty with better surgeon and patient satisfaction. Hemodynamics need to be closely monitored.
Role of Microglia in Central Nervous System Infections

SUMMARY The nature of microglia fascinated many prominent researchers in the 19th and early 20th centuries, and in a classic treatise in 1932, Pio del Rio-Hortega formulated a number of concepts regarding the function of these resident macrophages of the brain parenchyma that remain relevant to this day. However, a renaissance of interest in microglia occurred toward the end of the 20th century, fueled by the recognition of their role in neuropathogenesis of infectious agents, such as human immunodeficiency virus type 1, and by what appears to be their participation in other neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory disorders. During the same period, insights into the physiological and pathological properties of microglia were gained from in vivo and in vitro studies of neurotropic viruses, bacteria, fungi, parasites, and prions, which are reviewed in this article. New concepts that have emerged from these studies include the importance of cytokines and chemokines produced by activated microglia in neurodegenerative and neuroprotective processes and the elegant but astonishingly complex interactions between microglia, astrocytes, lymphocytes, and neurons that underlie these processes. It is proposed that an enhanced understanding of microglia will yield improved therapies of central nervous system infections, since such therapies are, by and large, sorely needed.