Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Teachers' knowledge, attitudes, and supportive behaviors toward LGBT students: Relationship to Gay-Straight Alliances, antibullying policy, and teacher training

ABSTRACT This study focused on the association between 3 school-level supports for lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) students and teachers' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors toward LGBT youth. Framed within social support theory, the study used survey method with a sample of 98 teachers in Grades 6–12. The purpose was to examine the relation among GSAs, enumerated antibullying policies, and provision of LGBT-related training and teachers' knowledge and attitudes, as well as the frequency with which teachers engage in behaviors or activities to support LGBT youth. Results demonstrate that teachers reported a higher frequency of engaging in behaviors to support LGBT students when they worked in a school with an active GSA or enumerated antibullying policy and received training specifically related to LGBT youth. Across all teachers, ratings of the frequency of taking on supportive roles were significantly lower compared with their ratings of the importance of doing so. Despite acknowledging the need to support LGBT youth, teachers may not consistently intervene on behalf of LGBT students. Limitations as well as implications of these results for enhancing teacher training are discussed.
New Constraints on the Efficiencies of Ram Pressure Stripping and the Tidal Disruption of Satellite Galaxies

Using data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) it has recently been shown that the red fraction of satellite galaxies increases with stellar mass. Semianalytical models, however, predict red satellite fractions that are independent of stellar mass, and much higher than observed. It has been argued that this discrepancy is due to the fact that the models assume that satellite galaxies are instantaneously stripped of their hot gas reservoirs at the moment they are accreted into a bigger halo. In this Letter we show that the fraction of red satellites can be brought into better agreement with the data by simply decreasing this stripping efficiency. However, this also results in a red fraction of massive centrals that is much too low. This is because the massive centrals now accrete satellite galaxies that are bluer and more gas-rich. However, if a significant fraction of low-mass satellite galaxies is tidally disrupted before being accreted by their central host galaxy, as suggested by recent studies, the red fractions of both centrals and satellites can be reproduced reasonably well. A problem remains with the red fraction of centrals of intermediate mass, which is likely to reflect an oversimplified treatment of AGN feedback.
Individual Differences in Amygdala Activity Predict Response Speed during Working Memory

The human amygdala has classically been viewed as a brain structure primarily related to emotions and dissociated from higher cognition. We report here findings suggesting that the human amygdala also has a role in supporting working memory (WM), a canonical higher cognitive function. In a first functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study (n = 53), individual differences in amygdala activity predicted behavioral performance in a 3-back WM task. Specifically, higher event-related amygdala amplitude predicted faster response time (RT; r = −0.64), with no loss of accuracy. This relationship was not contingent on mood state, task content, or personality variables. In a second fMRI study (n = 21), we replicated the key finding (r = −0.47) and further showed that the correlation between the amygdala and faster RT was specific to a high working memory load condition (3-back) compared with a low working memory load condition (1-back). These results support models of amygdala function that can account for its involvement not only in emotion but also higher cognition.
Playing at violence: lock-down drills, ‘bad guys’ and the construction of ‘acceptable’ play in early childhood

ABSTRACT This study examines how acceptable play was framed for a class of pre-Kindergarten children by their teacher and classroom aide. Using comic subjectivity theory [Zupančič, A. (2008). The odd one in: On comedy. Cambridge: MIT Press], the author explores how children’s playing at pretend violence (bad guy and pretend gun play) is forbidden, but playing at real violence (in the form of active-shooter lock-down drills) positioned the children in the classroom as victims of violence, rather than agentic powerful players. As gun violence in the United States continues to invade school spaces, this paper crtitically examines how ‘acceptable’ play for young children is being framed and defined by outside forces rather than pedagogical and professional knowledge.
A constructive approach to translatability of view updates

In this article, we revisit the view update framework by Bancilhon and Spyratos in a setting with constraints expressed in first-order logic. We explicitly consider constraints on both the database and the view schemas, along with inter-schema constraints that implicitly define the view mappings. Using the notion of logical definability we give a constructive characterisation of views, their inverses and complements, and provide an effective method for checking whether an arbitrary first-order expressible view update can be (uniquely) translated under the constant complement principle.
The Use of ‘Talking Mats’ by Persons with Alzheimer in the Netherlands: Increasing Shared Decision‐Making by Using a Low‐ Tech Communication Aid

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most frequent form of dementia. Frequently decisions are made for the persons with AD because of problems with communication. To avoid this, the low-tech communication aid Talking Mats (TM) can be used.Aim: The study was threefold: 1) to observe the effect of TM on shared decisions in communication with people with AD; 2) to assess if TM affects the use of language by people with AD in conversation; 3) to get insight in the usability of the Dutch version of TM for persons with AD and their relatives.Methods: The study followed a cross-over design. There for TM was translated into Dutch for use. TM was used in communication between persons with AD and a relative (n=6). Shared decisions were evaluated by using the observation list OPTION which was filled in by an external observer. The language used by the participants with AD was analyzed as regards seven language elements which are typical for Alzheimer. Semi-structured interviews took place.Results: Shared decisions significantly increased. There was no effect of TM on the frequency of the seven analyzed language aspects.Conclusion: The Dutch version of TM is an efficient communication framework which supports the process of shared decisions between persons with AD and their relatives.
Reduced local diffusion homogeneity as a biomarker for temporal lobe epilepsy

AbstractIn the present study, we adopted a novel method—local diffusion homogeneity (LDH)—to characterize the structure feature in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). Diffusion-weighted images were acquired from 11 left MTLE patients, 16 right MTLE patients, and 20 healthy controls from May 2014 to January 2015. Local diffusion homogeneity was compared among patient groups and controls by 2 sample t test. The discriminative value of LDH abnormalities was examined by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Correlations with disease duration and onset age in both patient groups were assessed using Pearson's coefficient. Both patient groups exhibited lower LDH in the anterior corpus callosum (P < 0.05, corrected), and this regional anomaly exhibited excellent classification performance in left MTLE patients (sensitivity = 82%, specificity = 100%), right MTLE patients (sensitivity = 81%, specificity = 90%), and the entire patient cohort (sensitivity = 82%, specificity = 95%). In summary, left and right MTLE patients show common pathological changes in the anterior corpus callosum. This regional LDH abnormality is a potential quantitative biomarker for MTLE.
Effects of celecoxib on restenosis after coronary intervention and evolution of atherosclerosis (Mini-COREA) trial: celecoxib, a double-edged sword for patients with angina.

AIMS In the previous COREA-TAXUS trial, a 6-month adjunctive use of celecoxib reduced target-lesion revascularization (TLR) without increased thrombotic risk. We aimed to confirm the effects of 3-month celecoxib in patients receiving drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation in the larger prospective, randomized trial. METHODS AND RESULTS Patients (n = 909) treated for native coronary lesions were randomized into four groups: the control or the celecoxib group with stratification by stents: paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES) or zotarolimus-eluting stent (ZES). In the celecoxib group, 200 mg of celecoxib was given twice daily for 3 months after the procedure. The primary endpoint was in-stent late loss (LL) at 6 months. In-stent LL was significantly lower in the celecoxib group than the control group (0.64 ± 0.54 vs. 0.55 ± 0.47 mm, P = 0.02). The trend of LL reduction in the celecoxib group was maintained in the ZES and PES subgroups, although it did not reach statistical significance. There was a trend towards the reduced clinically driven TLR in the celecoxib group (5.7 vs. 3.2%, log-rank P = 0.09), but adverse cardiac events rate did not differ between the two groups (composite of cardiac death, non-fatal myocardial infarction, and TLR; 8.6 vs. 7.7%, log-rank P = 0.84). Non-fatal myocardial infarction and cardiac death occurred in 1.6% of the patients in the celecoxib group when compared with 0.2% in the control group (log-rank P = 0.03). CONCLUSION Three-month adjunctive celecoxib would be useful to reduce LL of DES. However, this study may raise the concern about increased thrombotic risk with celecoxib even in patients receiving dual anti-platelet therapy.
Research Collection Lee Kong Chian School Of Business Lee Kong Chian School of Business 2014 Shocks to order flow volatility and stock returns

In theoretical models, liquidity and order flow volatility are determined by the same exogenous parameters. Thus, order flow volatility can proxy for true (unobserved) liquidity. Levels of and shocks to order flow volatility are significantly correlated with existing illiquidity proxies. Shocks to order flow volatility strongly predict stock returns in the cross-section, even after accounting for risk factors, firm characteristics known to influence returns, and other liquidity measures. The impact of such shocks is reflected in stock prices within one month in large, visible stocks, but takes over six months to be fully reflected in small, neglected stocks.
Classical lambda calculus in modern dress

Recent developments in the categorical foundations of universal algebra have given an impetus to an understanding of the lambda calculus coming from categorical logic: an interpretation is a semi-closed algebraic theory. Scott's representation theorem is then completely natural and leads to a precise Fundamental Theorem showing the essential equivalence between the categorical and more familiar notions.
Silencing of CXCR4 sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer cells to cisplatin

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer for which there is no effective treatment. Previously, we and others demonstrated that CXCR4 surface expression is an independent prognostic factor for disease relapse and survival in breast cancer. In this study, we investigated the effects of CXCR4 gene silencing on cisplatin chemosensitivity in human triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. We found that CXCR4 silencing significantly inhibited cell growth, decreased colony formation, and enhanced cisplatin sensitivity while overexpression of CXCR4 rendered cells more resistant to cisplatin. Moreover, the percentage of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase of cisplatin-treated CXCR4 knockdown cells was significantly higher than control cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated CXCR4 knockdown cells showed lower levels of mutant p53 and Bcl-2 protein than the control group, while also having higher levels of caspase-3 and Bax. However overexpression of CXCR4 had the reverse effect. In vivo experiments confirmed that downregulation of CXCR4 enhanced cisplatin anticancer activity in tumor-bearing mice, and that this enhanced anticancer activity is attributable to tumor cell apoptosis. Thus, this study indicates that CXCR4 can modulate cisplatin sensitivity in TNBC cells and suggests that CXCR4 may be a therapeutic target for TNBC.
Compare effects of diets made with different saturated fatty acids on body weight regulation and metabolism in wister rats

COMPARE EFFECTS OF DIETS MADE WITH DIFFERENT SATURATED FATTY ACIDS ON BODY WEIGHT REGULATION AND METABOLISM IN WISTER RATS. by DILRUBA FATEMA May 2014 Advisor: Dr. K. L. Catherine Jen Major: Nutrition and Food Science Degree: Master of Science Animal fats are known to cause elevated blood total and low-densitylipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels in humans and animals. This study was designed to investigate the effects of both the quality (coconut oil and a modified beef tallow) and quantity (low and high) of dietary fat in body weight regulation and alteration of blood parameters in an animal model. Fourty two male Wister rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Coconut Low Fat (CLF, n=10), Coconut High Fat (CHF, n=10), Modified Low Fat (MLF, n=11), and Modified High Fat (MLF, n=11). They were fed modified AIN -93M purified rodent diet with low fat (40gm fat/kg, 30gm/kg from coconut oil,10gm/kg soybean oil), high fat(240gm/kg, 230gm/kg coconut oil, 10gm/kg soybean oil), modified low fat (40gm/kg, 30gm/kg modified beef tallow, 10gm/kg soybean oil) and modified high fat (MHF,240gm/kg,
The Effects of Perceptions of Parents’ Use of Social and Material Rewards on Prosocial Behaviors in Spanish and U.S. Youth

We examined the links between perceived parental use of social and material rewards and prosocial behaviors across youth from two countries. Six hundred forty adolescents (297 girls; X ¯ age = 15.32 years) from Valencia, Spain, and 552 adolescents (321 girls; X ¯ age = 13.38 years) from the United States completed measures of their perceptions of parental use of rewards, prosocial behaviors, and empathy. Results generally showed that perceived use of social rewards was directly and indirectly positively related to prosocial behaviors via empathic tendencies. In contrast, perceived use of material rewards was directly and indirectly negatively related to prosocial behaviors via empathic tendencies. There were significant differences such that material rewards had relatively more significant relations to prosocial behaviors in U.S. youth than in Spanish youth. Discussion focuses on the generalizability of parenting and prosocial development models across cultures and the relative links of social versus material rewards to prosocial behaviors.
A Review for Solitary Plasmacytoma of Bone and Extramedullary Plasmacytoma

Solitary plasmacytoma (SP) is characterized by a mass of neoplastic monoclonal plasma cells in either bone (SBP) or soft tissue without evidence of systemic disease attributing to myeloma. Biopsy confirmation of a monoclonal plasma cell infiltration from a single site is required for diagnosis. The common presentation of SBP is in the axial skeleton, whereas the extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is usually seen in the head and neck. The ratio of SP seen at males to females is 2 : 1 and the median age of patients is 55 years. The incidence rate of SP in black race is approximately 30% higher than the white race. Incidence rate increases exponentially by advancing age. SBP has a significant higher risk for progression to myeloma, and the choice of treatment is radiotherapy (RT) that is applied with curative intent at min. 4000 cGy. By only RT application, long-term disease-free survival (DFS) is possible for approximately 30% of patients with SBP and 65% of patients with EMP.
Viral marketing for the real world

Page 1 of 2 http://harvardbusinessonline.hbsp. harvard.edu/hbsp/hbr/articles/article.jsp? articleID=F0705A&ml_action=get-article&print=true Duncan J. Watts (djw24@columbia.edu) is a professor of sociology at Columbia University, in New York, where he directs the Collective Dynamics Group. He is the author of Six Degrees: The Science of a Connected Age (Norton, 2003). Jonah Peretti (jonah@buzzfeed.com) is a founding partner of the Huffington Post, BuzzFeed, and ContagiousMedia.org.
Absolute Quantification of Choline-Related Biomarkers in Breast Cancer Biopsies by Liquid Chromatography Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry

It has been repeatedly demonstrated that choline metabolism is altered in a wide variety of cancers. In breast tumours, the choline metabolite profile is characterized by an elevation of phosphocholine and total choline-compounds. This pattern is increasingly being exploited as biomarker in cancer diagnosis. The majority of in vitro metabolomics studies, for biomarkers quantification in cell cultures or tissues, entail proton NMR spectroscopy. Although many “targeted” approaches have been proposed to quantify metabolites from standard one-dimensional (1D) NMR experiments, the task is often made difficult by the high degree of overlap characterizing 1H NMR spectra of biological samples. Here we present an optimized protocol for tissue extraction and absolute quantification of choline, phosphocholine and glycerophosphocholine by means of liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS). The selected chromatographic separation system with a HILIC (hydrophilic interaction chromatography) amide column effectively separates free choline and its phopshorylated derivatives, contrary to failure observed using standard reversed-phase chromatography. The metabolite absolute quantification is based on external calibration with commercial standards, and is validated by a parallel 1D proton NMR analysis. The LC-MS/NMR analysis is applied to three breast carcinoma specimens obtained by surgical excision, each one accompanied by a control tissue sample taken outside the tumor margin. The metabolite concentrations measured are in good agreement with previous results on metabolic profile changes of breast cancer. Each of the three cancerous biopsies, when compared with the control tissue, exhibit a highly increased levels phosphocholine, total choline and phosphocholine/glycerophosphocholine ratio.
Maternal depressive symptoms, and not anxiety symptoms, are associated with positive mother-child reporting discrepancies of internalizing problems in children: a report on the TRAILS

Maternal internalizing problems affect report- ing of child's problem behavior. This study addresses the relative effects of maternal depressive symptoms versus anxiety symptoms and the association with differential reporting of mother and child on child's internalizing problems. The study sample comprised a cohort of 1,986 10- to 12-year-old children and their mothers from the Dutch general population in a cross sectional setup. Children's internalizing problems were assessed with the DSM-IV anxiety and affective problem scales of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and the Youth Self-Report (YSR). Current maternal internalizing problems were assessed with the depressive and anxiety symptom scales of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS), while the TRAILS Family History Interview (FHI) measured lifetime maternal depression and anxiety. Results show that current and lifetime maternal depressive symptoms were associ- ated with positive mother-child reporting discrepancies (i.e. mothers reporting more problems than their child). Considering the small amount of variance explained, we conclude that maternal depressive symptoms do not bias maternal reporting on child's internalizing problems to a serious degree. Studies concerning long term consequences of mother-child reporting discrepancies on child's inter- nalizing problems are few, but show a risk for adverse outcome. More prognostic research is needed.
A Measurement by BOOMERANG of Multiple Peaks in the Angular Power Spectrum of the Cosmic Microwave Background

This paper presents a measurement of the angular power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background from l = 75 to l = 1025 (~10' to 2.°4) from a combined analysis of four 150 GHz channels in the BOOMERANG experiment. The spectrum contains multiple peaks and minima, as predicted by standard adiabatic inflationary models in which the primordial plasma undergoes acoustic oscillations. These results, in concert with other types of cosmological measurements and theoretical models, significantly constrain the values of Ωtot, Ωbh2, Ωch2, and ns.
Fingerprint Image Segmentation Using Active Contour Model

Fingerprint segmentation is a crucial step for automatic fingerprint recognition. In this paper, we present an algorithm to extract fingerprint foreground using active contour model, a discriminative feature based on Fisher measure first be constructed to indicate foreground and background, however, the feature fails to describe the foreground and background when applied to those too dry fingerprints, an regulative term based on block-wise average gray level and orientation coherence be added to obtain an even distributing feature which more benefit to carry out curve evolvement. The segmenting method is testified on public fingerprint collection, FVCDBZ, which contains 800 fingerprints with various image qualities. The experimental results show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
The Social Dilemmas

"For that which is common to the greatest number has the least care bestowed upon it. Every one thinks chiefly of his own, hardly at all of the common interest; and only when he is himself concerned as an individual. For besides other considerations, everybody is more inclined to neglect the duty which he expects another to fulfill; as in families many attendants are often less useful than a few. Each citizen will have a thousand sons who will not be his sons individually but anybody will be equally the son of anybody, and will therefore be neglected by all alike. " -- From Aristotle's "Politics", Written c.a. 350 BC Unless you are in certain specialties of Liberal Arts in the academic world, you probably have never heard the term, Social Dilemma , a dilemma or paradox that commonly results from Collective Action . Like me, you may have read a little bit about the Prisoner's Dilemma a few years ago when it received some publicity in well known publications such as Scientific American . Most of you probably dismissed the Prisoner's Dilemma story as just another academic construction with little real significance. But I found the "collective action problem" -- the "social dilemmas" that is the fundamental characteristic of the Prisoner's Dilemmas, very intriguing. Since I like puzzles, paradoxes, and examples of the apparent diabolical nature of the universe, I became very interested in the subject and continued to give it much thought. From the Prisoner's Dilemma "game" I drifted into the more general and much more significant study of the Social Dilemmas . What I have found is that this little field of study, tucked away in several obscure corners of academia and little known by the general public, is concerned with one of most serious and baffling problems in the civilized world today! Uncontrolled government spending, the deterioration of the public schools, the near collapse of law and order, the loss of individual freedom, out