Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
No-one Knows You're a Dog on the Internet: Implications for Proactive Police Investigation of Sexual Offenders

There is a body of literature dealing with the increased capacity for deception in online environments. This corpus of academic work has relevance for the widespread public concern about the anonymity of the Internet with respect to children who may be contacted by sex offenders. The present paper reports findings from a deception condition study where pairs of subjects engaged in computer-mediated interaction and were asked to evaluate the age and sex of their interlocutors. They were generally successful at this and tended to base their decisions on the content of the conversation. It demonstrates that individuals, despite the anonymity theoretically offered by the Internet, can discern the age and sex of those they are conversing with online, which has implications for police training and practice when engaged in online covert operations.
Emotion terms, category structure, and the problem of translation: The case of shame and vergüenza

We conducted three studies aimed at showing that one-to-one translations between emotion terms might be comparing independent or barely overlapping categories of emotional experience. In Study 1 we found that the speakers' most accessible features of two supposedly equivalent emotions terms (shame and vergüenza) were very different. In Study 2, American and Spanish speakers' typicality ratings of 25 out of 29 constitutive features of “shame” or “vergüenza” were significantly different. In Study 3, these important differences in the content and internal structure of “shame” and “vergüenza” were also reflected in the affective meaning of their corresponding terms. We conclude that “shame” and “vergüenza” do not share the same cluster of central features, and cannot be treated as identical categories of emotional experience. This finding raises serious questions about the one-to-one translation practices not only of most cross-cultural studies on “shame”, but also of other emotion concepts. We suggest an alternative method of translation based on Diachronic Prototype Semantics (Geeraerts, 1997).
Human Response Rates and Causality Judgments on Schedules of Reinforcement

Abstract Experiments examined the effect of various relationships between a response (an investment made in the context of a game) and an outcome (a return on the investment) on judgments of the causal effectiveness of the response. In Experiment 1, the time between successive outcomes obtained on a variable ratio (VR) schedule became the successive interval criterion for a yoked variable interval (VI) schedule. Response rates were higher on the VR than the VI schedule. In Experiment 2, the number of responses required per outcome on a VR schedule was matched to that on a master VI 20-s schedule. The ratings of causal effectiveness of the response, and the response rate, were higher in the VR schedule. In Experiment 3, a VI schedule with a reinforcement requirement for a short IRT produced higher response rates and higher causality judgments than a simple VI schedule. These results are taken to corroborate the view that schedules are a determinant of both response rates and causal judgments in humans.
On the Correlation between Controller Faults and Instruction-Level Errors in Modern Microprocessors

We investigate the correlation between register transfer-level faults in the control logic of a modern microprocessor and their instruction-level impact on the execution flow of typical programs. Such information can prove immensely useful in accurately assessing and prioritizing faults with regards to their criticality, as well as commensurately allocating resources to enhance testability, diagnosability, manufacturability and reliability. To this end, we developed an extensive infrastructure which allows injection of stuck-at faults and transient errors of arbitrary starting point and duration, as well as cost-effective simulation and classification of their repercussions into various instruction-level error types. As a test vehicle for our study, we employ a superscalar, dynamically-scheduled, out-of-order, Alpha-like microprocessor, on which we execute SPEC2000 integer benchmarks. Extensive experimentation with faults injected in control logic modules of this microprocessor reveals interesting trends and results, corroborating the utility of this simulation infrastructure and motivating its further development and application to various tasks related to robust design.
FSH Injections and Ultrasonography Determine Presence of Ovarian Components in the Evaluation of Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development

Three infants with ambiguous genitalia and suspected ovotestes were given recombinant FSH to induce ovarian follicular development. The development of follicles in the gonadal tissue suggested the presence of ovarian tissue in two of the three infants. This method may provide a means to better characterize gonadal anatomy in patients affected by disorders of sex development (DSD). Sonographic information poststimulation provided parents with earlier and more specific education and support concerning the possible need for confirmative gonadal biopsy treatment options.
Protein-energy undernutrition among elderly hospitalized patients: a prospective study.

CONTEXT Numerous studies have identified strong correlations between the severity of nutritional deficits and an increased risk of subsequent morbid events among the hospitalized elderly, but whether inadequate nutrient intake during hospitalization contributes to such nutritional deficits or the risk of adverse outcomes is not known. OBJECTIVES To identify the distribution of average daily nutrient intake among the nonterminally ill hospitalized elderly, ascertain what factors contribute to persistently low intakes, and determine whether the adequacy of nutrient intake correlates with the risk of mortality. DESIGN Prospective cohort study conducted from 1994 to 1997. SETTING University-affiliated Department of Veterans Affairs hospital. PATIENTS A total of 497 patients 65 years or older (mean [SD] age, 74 [6] years; 97% male; 86% white) with a length of stay of 4 days or more. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Daily in-hospital nutrient intake, in-hospital mortality, and 90-day mortality. RESULTS A total of 102 patients (21%) had an average daily in-hospital nutrient intake of less than 50% of their calculated maintenance energy requirements. Admission illness severity, average length of stay, and admission albumin and prealbumin levels for this low nutrient group did not differ significantly from those of the remaining patients. However, the low nutrient group had lower mean (SD) discharge serum total cholesterol (154 [44] mg/dL [4 [1.1] mmol/L] vs 173 [42] mg/dL [4.5 [1.1] mmol/L]; P=.001), albumin (29.1 [6.7] vs 33.2 [6.1] g/L, P=.001), and prealbumin (162 [69] vs 205 [68] mg/L; P=.001) concentrations and a higher rate of in-hospital mortality (relative risk, 8.0; 95% confidence interval, 2.8-22.6) and 90-day mortality (relative risk, 2.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.4-6.1). Contributing to the problem of inadequate nutrient intake, patients were frequently ordered to have nothing by mouth and were not fed by another route. Neither canned supplements nor nutritional support were used effectively. CONCLUSIONS Throughout their hospitalization, many elderly patients were maintained on nutrient intakes far less than their estimated maintenance energy requirements, which may contribute to an increased risk of mortality. Given the difficulties reversing established nutritional deficits in the elderly, greater efforts should be made to prevent the development of such deficits during hospitalization.
Is Facial Beauty an Innate Response to the Leonardian Proportion?

The present study examines whether the facial proportion forehead length equals nose length equals lower face length (the “1/3-proportion”), which is considered a standard of facial beauty, arouses an innate aesthetic pattern of response. Profile deviations from the profile of Leonardo's famous drawing of Isabella D'Este as well as from other female profiles, which are based on the 1/3-proportion, were generated by increasing or decreasing the nose length. Profile evaluations as beautiful and as sexually appealing showed an inverted U-shaped function of the profile deviations when the profiles were presented upright; however these measures were flattened when the profiles were presented inverted. By contrast, profiles evaluated as interesting exhibited similar flattened curves in the upright and the inverted conditions. Furthermore, evaluations of non-facial stimuli (rectangles) did not behave similarly to evaluations of profiles. These results were interpreted as supporting the Aesthetical Construction theory, which suggests that the evaluations of these profiles are based on a response pattern constructed from innate and learned components.
Affective priming of semantic categorisation responses

Fazio, Sanbonmatsu Powell, & Kardes, (1986) demonstrated that less time is needed to affectively categorise a target as positive or negative when it is preceded by a prime with the same valence (e.g., summer-honest) compared to when the target is preceded by a prime with a different valence (e.g., cancer-honest). Such effects could be due to spreading of activation within a semantic network and/or to Stroop-like response conflicts. If a spreading of activation mechanism operates in priming tasks, primes should also facilitate nonaffective semantic processing of affectively congruent targets. In Experiment 1, we failed to observe affective priming when participants responded on the basis of whether the target referred to a person or animal. Experiment 2 revealed significant affective priming when participants responded on the basis of the valence of the targets but not when the semantic category of the targets (person or object) was relevant, despite the fact that apart from the task, both conditions were identical. The present results suggest that affective priming in the affective categorisation task is primarily due to the operation of a Stroop-like response conflict mechanism.
EFFECT OF DIFFERENT MODIFIERS ON MELTING POINTS, PH UNDER LEACHING AND LEACHING RATES IN SIMULATED NUCLEAR WASTE GLASSES IN BOROSILICATE AND PHOSPHATE SYSTEMS

Glasses were melted in the Borosilicate, Phosphate and Pure silicate systems. In the present work we could melt the glass at much lower temperature (800-950 o C) with a soaking period of 30 min to 1 h which were earlier reported to be melted not below 1000 o C. Considering that the glass will be utilized to incorporate nuclear waste with some of the fission products which are highly volatile, the lower the glass processing temperatures the better will be the glass melt. Leaching studies of nuclear waste glasses are important from the view point that they are to be stored for very long period under burial. The effect of different modifier ions like: Pb 2+ , Ba 2+ , Na + , Fe 3+ , Al 3+ , Y 3+ , Ca 2+ , Ce 4+ and Sr 2+ in each of the basic glass system viz, borosilicate and phosphate networks on meltings and time of melting has been found to be evident. The pH determination ranging from 6.43 up to 8.18 of the leachate solution at ambient temperature under varying time intervals shows interesting and regular variations. The results are in conformity with the change of equilibrium pH under varying leaching time reported by other authors. The leaching study of such glasses under Soxhlet condition shows that lead ion (Pb 2+ ) to be a superior candidate as modifier towards leach resistance. The findings have been corroborated in terms of ionic size, ionic radii and hence ionic potential of the modifier ions incorporated into the glass structure.
Optimal placement and tuning power system stabilizer using Participation Factor and Imperialist Competitive Algorithm in 150 kV South of Sulawesi system

In this study will be explained determination of the location of the power system stabilizer (PSS) and the tuning parameters of the PSS in South Sulawesi electrical system using the Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) for tuning and Participation Factor for determining the placement of PSS. From the simulation results obtained placement and proper tuning PSS parameters can improve the stability of South Sulawesi generator electrical system, which can reduce the overshoot and settling time speed up the frequency response to speed up the system reaches steady state conditions. The critical eigenvalue of the system using a conventional PSS and PSS ICA, which showed an increase with increasing eigenvalue damping ratio. Damping values greater than 0.1 indicate that the eigenvalue condition is secure and allows stable higher. The proposed of method can be improved stability south of Sulawesi system. The method used here will also be used without PSS and comparison with conventional methods.
FDG PET/CT Response Evaluation in Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Patients Treated with Talc Pleurodesis and Chemotherapy

Purpose: Talc pleurodesis (TP) is employed worldwide for the management of persistent pneumothorax or pleural effusion, particularly of malignant origin. However, there are very little available data on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron-emission tomography/computed tomography (18F FDG PET/CT) response evaluation in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) patients treated with TP and chemotherapy. Methods: Patients with histologically confirmed MPM underwent TP and FDG PET/CT staging and restaging after 3-4 courses of chemotherapy. All patients fasted and received a dose of 5.18 MBq 18F-FDG per kilogram of body weight. Whole-body emission scans were acquired with and without Ordered Subset Expectation Maximization (OSEM) iterative reconstruction algorithm. Results: From January 2004 to March 2010, 8 patients with biopsy confirmed MPM (7 epithelial, 1 biphasic), with a median age of 65 years (range: 54-77), were evaluated. Median follow-up was 31 months (range: 4-44). After TP treatment, there was a mean interval of 14 days (range: 9-22) and 125 days (range: 76-162) between FDG PET/CT staging and restaging. According to modified RECIST and EORTC criteria, there was a concordance between the radiologic and metabolic SUVmean and SUVmax responses in 6 (75%) and 3 (37.5%) patients, respectively. Conclusion: TP produces an increased FDG PET uptake which may interfere with the post-chemotherapy disease evaluation. In our case series, the metabolic response measured by SUVmean seems to be in better agreement with the radiologic response compared to the SUVmax.
Brain structural trajectories over the adult lifespan

The aim of this large‐sample cross‐sectional voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) study of anatomical brain data was to investigate linear and nonlinear age‐related trajectories of grey matter volume in the human brain during the adult lifespan. To date, there are only a few structural brain studies investigating local nonlinear aspects at the voxel level, i.e., without using anatomical ROIs as a priori hypothesis. Therefore, we analyzed 547 T1‐weighted MR images of healthy adult brains with an age range of 19 to 86 years, including 161 scans of subjects with ages 60 and older. We found that the gray matter volume in some regions did not linearly decrease over time, but rather exhibited a delayed decline. Nonlinear age trajectories were observed in the medial temporal lobe regions, the basal ganglia, and parts of the cerebellum. Their trajectories indicated a preservation of grey matter volume during the early adult lifespan. Interestingly, we found nonlinear grey matter structural dynamics specifically in parts of the brain that have been extensively discussed in the context of learning and memory. We propose a hypothesis in relation to the functional role of these brain regions that may explain these results. Hum Brain Mapp 33:2377–2389, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Whole Transcriptome of the Venom Gland from Urodacus yaschenkoi Scorpion

Australian scorpion venoms have been poorly studied, probably because they do not pose an evident threat to humans. In addition, the continent has other medically important venomous animals capable of causing serious health problems. Urodacus yaschenkoi belongs to the most widely distributed family of Australian scorpions (Urodacidae) and it is found all over the continent, making it a useful model system for studying venom composition and evolution. This communication reports the whole set of mRNA transcripts produced by the venom gland. U. yaschenkoi venom is as complex as its overseas counterparts. These transcripts certainly code for several components similar to known scorpion venom components, such as: alpha-KTxs, beta-KTxs, calcins, protease inhibitors, antimicrobial peptides, sodium-channel toxins, toxin-like peptides, allergens, La1-like, hyaluronidases, ribosomal proteins, proteasome components and proteins related to cellular processes. A comparison with the venom gland transcriptome of Centruroides noxius (Buthidae) showed that these two scorpions have similar components related to biological processes, although important differences occur among the venom toxins. In contrast, a comparison with sequences reported for Urodacus manicatus revealed that these two Urodacidae species possess the same subfamily of scorpion toxins. A comparison with sequences of an U. yaschenkoi cDNA library previously reported by our group showed that both techniques are reliable for the description of the venom components, but the whole transcriptome generated with Next Generation Sequencing platform provides sequences of all transcripts expressed. Several of which were identified in the proteome, but many more transcripts were identified including uncommon transcripts. The information reported here constitutes a reference for non-Buthidae scorpion venoms, providing a comprehensive view of genes that are involved in venom production. Further, this work identifies new putative bioactive compounds that could be used to seed research into new pharmacological compounds and increase our understanding of the function of different ion channels.
Local Agenda 21 and Barriers to Sustainability at the Local Government Level in Victoria, Australia

At the 1992 Rio 'Earth Summit', Australia joined other nations in committing to processes leading to the formulation of 'Local Agenda 21s' (LA21s) by 1996. Subsequently, in the latter year, Whittaker carried out a national survey of local government authorities to evaluate what progress had been made. Whittaker's conclusion was that progress in Australia had been slow, but ten 'leading-edge' Victorian councils were identified through a self-reporting process. In this paper we discuss the concept of LA21, analyse in closer detail the 'progress' that has been made in the ten Victorian councils, and discuss some of the broader forces that, we argue, have made LA21 formulation increasingly difficult, particularly in the state of Victoria in the recent past.
Identification of an HLA-A*0201–restricted CD8+ T-cell epitope SSp-1 of SARS-CoV spike protein

Abstract A novel coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)–associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV), has been identified as the causal agent of SARS. Spike (S) protein is a major structural glycoprotein of the SARS virus and a potential target for SARS-specific cell-mediated immune responses. A panel of S protein–derived peptides was tested for their binding affinity to HLA-A*0201 molecules. Peptides with high affinity for HLA-A*0201 were then assessed for their capacity to elicit specific immune responses mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) both in vivo, in HLA-A2.1/Kb transgenic mice, and in vitro, from peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) sourced from healthy HLA-A2.1+ donors. SARS-CoV protein-derived peptide-1 (SSp-1 RLNEVAKNL), induced peptide-specific CTLs both in vivo (transgenic mice) and in vitro (human PBLs), which specifically released interferon-γ (IFN-γ) upon stimulation with SSp-1–pulsed autologous dendritic cells (DCs) or T2 cells. SSp-1–specific CTLs also lysed major histocompatibility complex (MHC)–matched tumor cell lines engineered to express S proteins. HLA-A*0201–SSp-1 tetramer staining revealed the presence of significant populations of SSp-1–specific CTLs in SSp-1–induced CD8+ T cells. We propose that the newly identified epitope SSp-1 will help in the characterization of virus control mechanisms and immunopathology in SARS-CoV infection, and may be relevant to the development of immunotherapeutic approaches for SARS.
Effective Noise Reduction by Electric Positive and Negative Feedback in Semiconductor Lasers

Semiconductor lasers tend to generate excess intensity noise called the optical feedback noise in addition to the quantum noise. A noise reduction method using an electric positive and negative feedback loop between an optical detector and a semiconductor laser was demonstrated in this paper. The electric positive feedback was set in a high-frequency region, reducing the optical feedback noise, while the electric negative feedback was set in a frequency range lower than the positive-feedback frequency, resulting in the suppression of the quantum noise (optical shot noise). Noise reduction over 100-MHz frequency region and a reduction ability superior to that obtained by the superposition of high-frequency current were confirmed.
On the social construction of "otherness" identifying "the Roma" in post-socialist communities

Gysies, or Roma, are simultaneously among history's most romanticized and relived of peoples. Stereotypically racialized and eroticized as „other” wherever they are located, prejudice and discrimination against Roma are currently heightened. This paperseeks to illustrade processes of identification by which Roma in post-socialist countries are classified as „other”, as „different”. Drawing on interview and observational data from the commjunity studies of the project on „Poverty, Ethnicity, and Gender in Transitional Societies”, this paper explores various discursive ways in which Roma are stereotypically „othered” by non-oma populations as well as ways in which Roma understand themselves in relation to these historically persistent if situationally variable representations of their putative „identities”. As is discussed, „Roma” as a category has been expanded in certain contexts to essentialize a purported relationship between „race” and poverty.
The role of mediating artefacts in the work of educational psychologists during consultative conversations in schools

This article describes research that investigates how conversations between educational psychologists and teachers are influenced by the mediating artefacts that are used. Sociocultural and activity theory is used and more specifically, approaches based upon Engeström's conceptual models form a basis for analysing different types of artefact occurring within conversations and consultation meetings. The artefacts are further considered in terms of the levels of activity system that are operating. These are defined using Engestrom's notion of coordinated, cooperative and communicative systems. Findings suggest that the type of artefact used does vary between levels and that these can be predicted to a certain extent. This finding has relevance in terms of planning and structuring meetings in the future and in terms of enhancing the communicative potential of working practices.