Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Personality Expression and Impression Formation in Online Social Networks: An Integrative Approach to Understanding the Processes of Accuracy, Impression Management and Meta–Accuracy

In this paper, we investigate personality expression and impression formation processes in online social networks (OSNs). We explore whether, when and why people accurately judge others’ personalities (accuracy), successfully manage the impressions that others form of them (impression management) and accurately infer others’ impressions of them (meta–accuracy) at zero acquaintance. On the basis of targets’ OSN profiles (N = 103), overall perceiver impressions were collected and compared with targets’ self–view, desired impression and meta–perception. In addition, independent groups of thin–slice perceivers based their personality impressions solely on one of four kinds of information within the OSN profiles (profile picture, interests field, group list and notice board), and more than 300 OSN cues (e.g. attractive person and number of friends) were coded. Results showed evidence of accuracy, impression management and meta–accuracy, but their extent was moderated by the trait (e.g. Big Five and self–esteem), the kind of information and the interplay of trait and information. Findings could be explained by cue expression and cue utilization processes (lens model analyses). Future prospects for studying personality impressions in online and offline environments are discussed. Copyright © 2013 European Association of Personality Psychology.
THE VIEWS OF CLASSROOM TEACHERS RELATED TO NORM-REFERENCED ASSESSMENT

In this study it is aimed to define the views of teacher trainees at Fyrat University related to norm-referenced assessment. Qualitative method was used in the study. Data in the study were gathered via documents and interviews. On analysis stage, N Vivo 7 qualitative data analysis programme was used. Ten classroom teacher trainees at Fyrat University constituted the working group of the study. According to the findings of the study, teacher trainees criticize the norm-referenced assessment owing to the fact that it has a complex and ambiguous structure and it is not fair. However, norm-referenced assessment is perceived positively in terms of overcoming the troubles resulting from the instructors and the exam questions. Teacher trainees should be informed about the norm-referenced system via various meetings and seminars.
Annexin A11 (ANXA11) gene polymorphisms are associated with sarcoidosis in a Han Chinese population: a case–control study

Objectives To further identify the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that contribute to the genetic susceptibility to sarcoidosis, we examined the potential association between sarcoidosis and 15 SNPs of the ANXA11 gene. Design A case–control study. Setting A tuberculosis unit in a hospital of the university in China. Participants Participants included 412 patients with sarcoidosis and 418 healthy controls. Methods The selected SNPs were genotyped using the MALDI-TOF in the MassARRAY system. Results Statistically significant differences were found in the allelic or genotypic frequencies of the rs2789679, rs1049550 and rs2819941 in the ANXA11 gene between patients with sarcoidosis and controls. The rs2789679 A allele (p=0.00004, OR=1.42, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.73) and rs2819941 T allele (p=0.0006, OR=1.41, 95% CI 1.16 to 1.71) were significantly more frequent in patients with sarcoidosis compared with controls. The frequency of the rs1049550 T allele (p=0.000002, OR=0.61, 95% CI 0.49 to 0.74) in patients with sarcoidosis was significantly lower than that in controls. The multi-SNP model reveals that rs1049550 is the only independent SNP association effect after accounting for the other two marginally associated SNPs. In block 2 (rs1049550–rs2573351), the T–C haplotype occurred significantly less frequently (p=0.001), whereas the C–C haplotypes occurred more frequently (p=0.0001) in patients with sarcoidosis than controls. Furthermore, genotype frequency distribution revealed that, in rs1049550, the CC genotype was significantly more in patients with chest X-ray (CXR) stage I sarcoidosis than in patients with CXR stage II–IV sarcoidosis (p=0.012). Conclusions These findings point to a role for the polymorphisms of ANXA11 in sarcoidosis in a Chinese Han population, and may be informative for future genetic studies on sarcoidosis.
Assessment and Documentation in Early Childhood Education

Documentation in early childhood education is typically seen as a means to enhance the quality of care and education, and as a way to take account of the child’s view.Assessment and Documentation in Early Childhood Education considers the increasing trend towards systematic child documentation especially in early childhood institutions. The authors present ways in which assessment and evaluation is done sometimes explicitly but more often implicitly in these practices, and explore its means, aims, forms, and functions. They also examine the rationalities of child documentation from the perspective of professional practice and professionalism and suggest that documentation and assessment practices can weaken and constrain but also empower and strengthen teachers, children and parents. Topics explored include:Different forms of documentation and assessmentDocumentation and listening to the childrenDilemmas of assessment and documentationParticipation by childrenInvolvement of parentsThis timely bookwill be appealing for those studying in the field of early childhood education, teacher education, special education, general education, social work, counselling, psychology, sociology, childhood studies, and family studies.
Polymorphism of the N‐acetyltransferase 2 gene as a susceptibility risk factor for antituberculosis drug–induced hepatitis

Antituberculosis drug–induced hepatitis is one of the most prevalent drug‐induced liver injuries. Isoniazid is the major drug incriminated in this hepatotoxicity. Isoniazid is mainly metabolized to hepatotoxic intermediates by N‐acetyltransferase (NAT). However, the association of polymorphic NAT acetylator status and antituberculosis drug–induced hepatitis is debatable. To determine whether acetylator status is a risk factor for antituberculosis drug–induced hepatitis, we genotyped NAT2 in 224 incident tuberculosis patients who received antituberculosis treatment. Antituberculosis drug–induced hepatitis was diagnosed based on a positive isoniazid rechallenge test and exclusion of viral hepatitis. Acetylator status was determined by genotyping NAT2 in patients using a polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism. Univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate the risk factors of isoniazid‐induced hepatitis. Thirty‐three patients (14.7%) were diagnosed with antituberculosis drug–induced hepatitis. Slow acetylators had a higher risk of hepatotoxicity than rapid acetylators (26.4% vs. 11.1%, P = .013). Among patients with hepatotoxicity, slow acetylators had significantly higher serum aminotransferase levels than rapid acetylators. Logistic regression showed that slow‐acetylator status (odds ratio [OR], 3.66; 95% CI, 1.58‐8.49; P = .003) and age (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.04‐1.14; P < .001) were the only 2 independent risk factors for antituberculosis drug–induced hepatitis. In conclusion, slow‐acetylator status of NAT2 is a significant susceptibility risk factor for antituberculosis drug–induced hepatitis. Additionally, slow acetylators are prone to develop more severe hepatotoxicity than rapid acetylators. Regular monitoring of serum aminotransferase levels is mandatory in patients receiving antituberculosis treatment, especially in slow acetylators.
Zipper-interacting Protein Kinase Induces Ca2+-free Smooth Muscle Contraction via Myosin Light Chain Phosphorylation*

The inhibition of myosin phosphatase evokes smooth muscle contraction in the absence of Ca2+, yet the underlying mechanisms are not understood. To this end, we have cloned smooth muscle zipper-interacting protein (ZIP) kinase cDNA. ZIP kinase is present in various smooth muscle tissues including arteries. Triton X-100 skinning did not diminish ZIP kinase content, suggesting that ZIP kinase associates with the filamentous component in smooth muscle. Smooth muscle ZIP kinase phosphorylated smooth muscle myosin as well as the isolated 20-kDa myosin light chain in a Ca2+/calmodulin-independent manner. ZIP kinase phosphorylated myosin light chain at both Ser19 and Thr18 residues with the same rate constant. The actin-activated ATPase activity of myosin increased significantly following ZIP kinase-induced phosphorylation. Introduction of ZIP kinase into Triton X-100-permeabilized rabbit mesenteric artery provoked a Ca2+-free contraction. A protein phosphatase inhibitor, microcystin LR, also induced contraction in the absence of Ca2+, which was accompanied by an increase in both mono- and diphosphorylation of myosin light chain. The observed sensitivity of the microcystin-induced contraction to various protein kinase inhibitors was identical to the sensitivity of isolated ZIP kinase to these inhibitors. These results suggest that ZIP kinase is responsible for Ca2+ independent myosin phosphorylation and contraction in smooth muscle.
Markov random fields for sketch based video retrieval

We describe a new system for searching video databases using free-hand sketched queries. Our query sketches depict both object appearance and motion, and are annotated with keywords that indicate the semantic category of each object. We parse space-time volumes from video to form graph representation, which we match to sketches under a Markov Random Field (MRF) optimization. The MRF energy function is used to rank videos for relevance and contains unary, pairwise and higher-order potentials that reflect the colour, shape, motion and type of sketched objects. We evaluate performance over a dataset of 500 sports footage clips.
QUALITY OF LIFE AND SENSE OF COMMUNITY. A STUDY ON HEALTH AND PLACE OF RESIDENCE

The aim of the study is to assess the predictive role of the affective link with the place of residence (place attachment) and the perception of one's own community of residence (sense of community) on health and quality of life. Other variables were considered: size of place of residence, income, level of education, marital status, age, and gender. Participants included 344 adult subjects living in Piedmont, Italy. The instruments used were the Italian Sense of Community Scale, the Residential Attachment Scale, and the Italian version of the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire. Data showed that (a) quality of life is affected by sense of community, but not by place attachment, and (b) living in a small town enhances the environmental, psychological, and relational quality of life.
The Min (multiple intestinal neoplasia) mutation: its effect on gut epithelial cell differentiation and interaction with a modifier system

Min is a fully penetrant dominant mutation that leads to the development of multiple intestinal adenomas throughout the duodenal-to- colonic axis. Min/+ C57BL6/J mice have an average life-span of 120 d. Multi-label immunocytochemical studies of these lesions demonstrate patches of differentiated enterocytes, and scattered enteroendocrine, goblet and Paneth cells. Expression of endogenous marker genes within these differentiated cells can be directly correlated with the position occupied by the adenoma along the duodenal-to-colonic axis and mirrors the regional differentiation of the normal gut epithelium. The presence of multiple lineages in adenomas together with their retention of spatial information suggests that tumorigenesis in Min/+ mice may be initiated in a multipotent stem cell normally located at the base of intestinal crypts. To study the time-dependent properties of these tumors, genetic conditions were sought in which Min/+ animals could survive for up to 300 d. Min is fully penetrant in hybrids with either AKR/J or MA/MyJ. However, the hybrids demonstrate a reduction in the number of intestinal adenomas. Preliminary backcross analysis is consistent with a single major modifier locus unlinked to Min in both the AKR/J and MA/MyJ strains. The increased lifespan of the hybrid animals is also associated with the development of invasive tumors. New tumors do not arise continuously over the lifespan of these animals; instead all adenomas appear to be established by 100 d of age or sooner. These studies indicate that the Min/+ mouse is a powerful model system for analyzing the mechanisms that establish and maintain a balance between proliferation and differentiation in the continuously renewing gut epithelium and for an assessment of the multi-step hypothesis of intestinal neoplasia.
mano: A Wearable Hand Exoskeleton for Activities of Daily Living and Neurorehabilitation

Hand sensorimotor impairments are among the most common consequences of injuries affecting the central and peripheral nervous systems, leading to a drastic reduction in the quality of life for affected individuals. Combining wearable robotic exoskeletons and human–machine interfaces is a promising avenue for the restoration and substitution of lost and impaired functions for these users. In this study, we present a novel hand exoskeleton, mano, designed to assist and restore hand functions of people with motor disabilities during activities of daily living (ADL) and in neurorehabilitative scenarios. Compared to state-of-the-art devices, our system is fully wearable, portable, and minimally obtrusive on the hand. The exoskeleton can actively control flexion and extension of all fingers, while allowing natural somatosensorial interactions with the environment surrounding the users. We evaluated the device from four different perspectives. A mechanical characterization, showing that the exoskeleton can cover more than 70% of healthy hand workspace and it can achieve forces at the fingertips sufficient for ADL. A functional characterization, where we showed how two users who suffered from spinal cord injuries were able to perform several ADL for the first time since their accidents. Third, we evaluated the system from a neuroimaging perspective, showing that the device can elicit EEG brain patterns typical of natural hand motions. We finally exemplified the control of the hand exoskeleton within an exemplar framework, a brain–machine interface scenario, showing that motor intention can be decoded for a continuous control of the device. Overall, our results showed that the device represents an ecological solution for use both in ADL and in scenarios aimed at promoting sensorimotor recovery.
A process approach to improving pain management in the emergency department: development and evaluation

Aim—(1) To describe a process approach to the improvement of pain management in emergency departments. (2) To compare analgesia ordering and administration practices for patients with acute fractures before and after implementation of a nurse managed, titrated intravenous narcotic policy. Method—Retrospective chart review of patients with long bone fractures for the years 1993 and 1997. Results—There was a dramatic change in analgesia administration practices away from the intramuscular route in favour of the intravenous route (p<0.001). For long bone fractures, in 1993, 53% of patients received intramuscular narcotic analgesia compared with 5% in 1997. In contrast, in 1993, 6% of the patients received intravenous narcotic analgesia compared with 54% in 1997. Conclusion—This study demonstrates that a process approach to improving pain management that resulted in both changes in drug administration and pain assessment and management processes made a significant and sustained change to analgesia ordering and administration practices for patients with long bone fractures in an emergency department.
The Behavior of Child Behavior Ratings: Measurement Structure of the Child Behavior Checklist across Time, Informants, and Child Gender

Standardized rating scales are the most often used part of the multidimensional assessment of children's behavior. However, low cross-informant correlations raise concerns about the reliability and validity of the resulting scores. This study examined whether the manner in which behavioral constructs are measured differs across informants, across time, and across child gender for the Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 4–18 (CBCL/4–18) and the Teacher Response Form (TRF). Measurement models using multigroup confirmatory factor analysis were examined for child behavior ratings obtained, for the same child, at 54 months and first grade from mothers, fathers, and teachers. Model contracts were also evaluated to determine whether the measurement of behavioral problems was different for boys and girls. This study involved approximately 700 children from the prospective, longitudinal database of the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. The general form and factor loadings of the CBCL 4–18 and TRF were invariant across mothers, fathers, and teachers and held regardless of the target child's gender. These results suggest that the low correlations between parent and teacher ratings of behavior problems appear more likely to result from differences in situation-specific behavior than from the manner in which they are measured.
A study on ship berthing support system - Minimum time berthing control -

In ship's berthing at a harbor, ship operator is required to derive the maximum maneuverability from the ship. The minimum time berthing method is one of the rational and effective maneuvering methods for such tedious problems. In this paper, development of automatic minimum time berthing control system is described. And, effectiveness of the system is examined by actual sea test.
Different Subtypes of Uterine Sarcoma Require a Separate Therapeutic Approach

Uterine sarcomas include a variety of mono- and biphasic malignancies, whereas tumor biology varies from an indolent and hormone-sensitive growth pattern to an aggressive and nonresponsive disease that is inevitably fatal. Insight into these different entities has only been gained after careful analysis of clinical, pathologic and molecular characteristics during the last few years. Furthermore, the rarity of uterine sarcomas has motivated many to collect data from different subtypes and to report on the collective data in order to report on larger numbers. The current overview aims to provide insights of clinical importance into each type of uterine sarcoma, with a special emphasis on treatment modalities.
Development and Validation of a Work Mattering Scale (WMS)

Many people desire work that matters to others and society. This study reports the development and validation of the Work Mattering Scale (WMS), which measures work mattering with two dimensions, that is, societal mattering and interpersonal mattering. Phase I utilized a review of the scholarly literature, in-depth interviews, and expert feedback to formulate 45 items. In Phase II, with a sample of 299 working adults in the United States, exploratory factor analyses were employed and produced a two-factor model with 10 items. In Phase III, with another sample of 251 working adults, confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test the initial structure specified in Phase II. In Phase IV, the construct validity was examined by correlations and factor analysis among the total and subscale scores with existing measures. In Phase V, 4-week test–retest reliability was calculated. Results provided support for the reliability and validity of the WMS.
The pharmacokinetic properties of intramuscular artesunate and rectal dihydroartemisinin in uncomplicated falciparum malaria.

AIMS To obtain pharmacokinetic data for artesunate (ARTS) and its active metabolite dihydroartemisinin (DHA) following i.m. ARTS and rectal DHA administration. METHODS Twelve Vietnamese patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria were randomized to receive either i.v. or i.m. ARTS (120 mg), with the alternative preparation given 8 h later in an open crossover design. A further 12 patients were given i.v. ARTS (120 mg) at 0 h and rectal DHA (160 mg) 8 h later. RESULTS Following i.v. bolus, ARTS had a peak concentration of 42 microm (16 mg l(-1), elimination t1/2 = 3.2 min, CL = 2.8 l h(-1) kg(-1) and V = 0.22 l kg(-1) . The Cmax for DHA was 9.7 microm (2.7 mg l(-1) ), t1/2 = 59 min, CL = 0.64 l h(-1) kg(-1) and V = 0.8 l kg(-1) . Following i.m. ARTS, Cmax was 2.3 microm (3.7 mg l(-1)), the apparent t1/2 = 41 min, CL = 2.9 l h(-1) kg(-1) and V = 2.6 l kg(-1). The relative bioavailability of DHA was 88%, Cmax was 4.1 microm (1.16 mg l(-1)) and t1/2 = 64 min. In the rectal DHA study, relative bioavailability of DHA was 16%. CONCLUSIONS For patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria i.m. ARTS is a suitable alternative to i.v. ARTS, at equal doses. To achieve plasma DHA concentrations equivalent to parenteral administration of ARTS, rectal DHA should be given at approximately four-fold higher milligram doses. Further studies are needed to determine whether these recommendations can be applied to patients with severe malaria.
Coupled Decision Processes Update and Maintain Saccadic Priors in a Dynamic Environment

Much of what we know about how the brain forms decisions comes from studies of saccadic eye movements. However, saccadic decisions are often studied in isolation, which limits the insights that they can provide about real-world decisions with complex interdependencies. Here, we used a serial reaction time (RT) task to show that prior expectations affect RTs via interdependent, normative decision processes that operate within and across saccades. We found that human subjects performing the task generated saccades that were governed by a rise-to-threshold decision process with a starting point that reflected expected state-dependent transition probabilities. These probabilities depended on decisions about the current state (the correct target) that, under some conditions, required the accumulation of information across saccades. Without additional feedback, this information was provided by each saccadic decision threshold, which represented the total evidence in favor of the chosen target. Therefore, the output of the within-saccade process was used, not only to generate the saccade, but also to provide input to the across-saccade process. This across-saccade process, in turn, helped to set the starting point of the next within-saccade process. These results imply a novel role for functional information-processing loops in optimizing saccade generation in dynamic environments. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Saccades are the rapid, ballistic eye movements that we make approximately three times every second to scan the visual scene for interesting things to look at. The apparent ease with which we produce saccades belies their computational sophistication, which can be studied quantitatively in the laboratory to provide insights into how our brain manages the interplay between sensory input and motor output. The present work is important because we show for the first time how this interplay operates both within and across saccades to ensure that these eye movements are guided effectively by learned expectations in dynamic environments. More generally, this study shows how sensory-motor decision processes, typically studied in isolation, interact via functional information-processing loops in the brain to produce complex, adaptive behaviors.