Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subject Area 5 . 1 : Microbial studies and technologies supporting waste disposal , management , and remediation of municipal and industrial hazardous wastes

Goal, Scope and Background. Aquaculture activities are well known to be the major contributor to the increasing level of organic waste and toxic compounds in the aquaculture industry. Along with the development of intensive aquaculture in China, concerns are evoked about the possible effects of everincreasing aquaculture waste both on productivity inside the aquaculture system and on the ambient aquatic ecosystem. Therefore, it is apparent that appropriate waste treatment processes are needed for sustaining aquaculture development. This review aims at identifying the current status of aquaculture and aquaculture waste production in China. Main Features. China is the world's largest fishery nation in terms of total seafood production volume, a position it has maintained continuously since 1990. Freshwater aquaculture is a major part of the Chinese fishery industry. Marine aquaculture in China consists of both land-based and offshore aquaculture, with the latter mostly operated in shallow seas, mud flats and protected bays. The environmental impacts of aquaculture are also striking. Results. Case studies on pollution hot spots caused by aquaculture have been introduced. The quality and quantity of waste from aquaculture depends mainly on culture system characteristics and the choice of species, but also on feed quality and management. Wastewater without treatment, if continuously discharged into the aquatic environment, could result in remarkable elevation of the total organic matter contents and cause considerable economy lost. Waste treatments can be mainly classified into three categories: physical, chemical and biological methods. Discussion. The environmental impacts of different aquaculture species are not the same. New waste treatments are introduced as references for the potential development of the waste treatment system in China. The most appropriate waste treatment system for each site should be selected according to the sites' * ESS-Submission Editor: Dr. Ding Wang (wangd@ihb.ac.cn) Introduction Aquaculture has been a fast-growing industry because of significant increases in demand for fish and seafood throughout the world. It is growing more rapidly than any other segment of the animal culture industry (Gang et al. 2005). China has a long history in aquaculture back to 2000 years ago. Since the 1970s, under the reform policies and driven by the economic benefits, the rapid development of China's aquaculture both in fresh waters and marine waters has been the focus of the world's attention. China is now the world's largest fishery nation in terms of total seafood production volume, a position it has maintained continuously after 1990s. According to the Fishery Bureau, Chinese Ministry Subject Area 5.1 Aquaculture Pollution in China Env Sci Pollut Res 14 (7) 2007 453 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 19 78 19 85 19 90 19 92 19 94 19 96 19 98 20 00 20 02 20 04 Year O ut pu t Total
Forensic Analysis of WhatsApp on Android Smartphones

This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by ScholarWorks@UNO with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rightsholder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/or on the work itself.
Role of the Interferon‐Inducible Gene IFI16 in the Etiopathogenesis of Systemic Autoimmune Disorders

Abstract: Interferons (IFNs) are now known to exert a multitude of immunological functions on both the innate and adaptive immunity. Given their pleiotropic effects on the immune system, it is conceivable that excess type I IFN or aberrant regulation of its signaling could contribute to autoimmunity. Several lines of evidence link IFNs to autoimmune disorders, in particular to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and systemic sclerosis (SSc). Expression of a spectrum of genes that constitutes an “IFN signature” is the most significant observation indicating that IFNs may be dominant among the pathogenic mediators involved in some autoimmune diseases. A family of IFN‐inducible genes, designated HIN‐200 in the human and IFI‐200 in the murine species, encodes evolutionary related human (IFI16, MNDA, AIM2, IFIX) and murine proteins (Ifi202 a, Ifi202b, Ifi203, Ifi204, Ifi205/D3). Physiological IFI16 expression was found in cells of the immune system, in endothelial cells, and in stratified squamous epithelia, such as skin. The presence of anti‐IFI16 antibodies was reported in SLE and primary/secondary Sjögren's syndrome. More recently, we reported that anti‐IFI16 autoantibodies differentiate limited cutaneous systemic sclerosis (lcSSc) from diffuse systemic sclerosis (dcSSc). Molecular studies performed in primary endothelial cells overexpressing IFI16 demonstrated that it may be involved in the early steps of inflammation by modulating endothelial cell function, such as expression of adhesion molecules and chemokine production, cell growth, and apoptosis. Moreover, here we report that IFI16 expression is induced by proinflammatory cytokines. In this article the role of the IFI16 protein and its corresponding autoantibodies in the etiopathogenesis of systemic autoimmune diseases, in which chronic inflammation is involved, are discussed.
The treatment of elderly diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction: insight from Michigan's Cooperative Cardiovascular Project.

BACKGROUND Diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) have higher morbidity and mortality rates than nondiabetic patients with AMI. Thus, reliable adherence to quality care is necessary in these patients to improve outcomes. We analyzed data from the Health Care Financing Administration's Cooperative Cardiovascular Project (CCP) in Michigan, addressing quality of care in diabetic patients with AMI. METHOD All acute-care hospitals in Michigan had 8 consecutive months of baseline CCP data abstracted from medical records of all Medicare patients who were discharged with a principal diagnosis of AMI. Owing to the staggered 8-month periods, abstraction occurred for patients who were discharged between April 1, 1994, and July 31, 1995. RESULTS Diabetic patients accounted for 33% of 8455 patients with AMI. Diabetic patients were primarily younger, female, and nonwhite. They had a greater frequency of non-Q-wave AMI and presented less often within 6 hours of their infarction. Comorbid conditions, such as hypertension, prior AMI, prior stroke, and/or prior revascularization, were more frequent in diabetic than in nondiabetic patients. Congestive heart failure occurred more frequently in diabetic patients. Length of stay (7.9 vs 7.0 days; P<.001), in-hospital mortality rates (16% vs 13%; P<.001), and rates for mortality within 30 days (21% vs 17%; P<.001) were higher in diabetic patients. CONCLUSIONS Despite greater frequencies of comorbid conditions, poorer outcomes, and greater resource use, there is poor overall adherence to most quality indicators in diabetic patients with AMI. Better methods for systematizing proven prevention and treatment strategies in the care of patients with AMI are needed in this unique high-risk cohort.
A competence‐based and multidimensional operationalization and measurement of employability

Employability is a critical requirement for enabling both sustained competitive advantage at the firm level and career success at the individual level. We propose a competence-based approach to employability derived from an expansion of the resource-based view of the firm. In this contribution, we present a reliable and valid instrument for measuring employability. This measure is based on a five-dimensional conceptualization of employability, in which occupational expertise is complemented with generic competences. Two sources of raters (employees and their immediate supervisors) are involved in developing and testing the measure. Since the five dimensions of employability explain a significant amount of variance in both objective and subjective career success, the predictive validity of the tool is promising. This instrument facilitates further scientific HRM research and is of practical value in light of job and career assessments, recruitment, staffing, career mobility, and development practices
Electron binding to valence and multipole states of molecules: Nitrobenzene, para- and meta-dinitrobenzenes

Nitrobenzene anions (NB−) in both valence and dipole bound states are examined using laser (photodetachment) photoelectron and Rydberg electron transfer (RET) spectroscopies. Photoelectron spectroscopy of the valence NB− anion yields a valence (adiabatic) electron affinity of 1.00±0.01 eV. The reaction rates for charge transfer between atoms of cesium and xenon in high Rydberg states [Cs(ns,nd) and Xe(nf )] and NB exhibit a prominent peak in their n-dependencies consistent with the formation of a dipole bound anion having an electron affinity of 28 meV. Para-dinitrobenzene (pDNB) has a zero dipole moment and a large quadrupole moment. RET studies with pDNB show a complex n-dependence. The rate of formation of pDNB− ions exhibits a broad peak at low n-values and a second very broad feature extending to large n-values. The peak at low n is tentatively attributed to charge exchange into a quadrupole bound state (EAqb=25 meV). The absence of field-detachment for these ions suggests that if these are in a quad.
A Prospective Study of Stomach Cancer among a Rural Japanese Population: A 6‐Year Survey

Stomach cancer mortality was prospectively studied among 9753 Japanese men and women who first responded to a mailed questionnaire in 1985 and were then followed through May 31, 1991. During this follow‐up period, 57 stomach cancer deaths were identified. Current smokers had an increased risk of deaths from stomach cancer compared with never smokers (relative risk (RR) = 2.29, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.15–4.56), but there was no dose‐response to amount of cigarettes smoked. Daily alcohol drinkers who consumed 50 ml or more of alcohol per day also had a greater risk than nondrinkers (RR = 3.05, 95% CI: 1.35–6.91). There was no association between stomach cancer mortality and individual food consumption except a positive association with fruit intake. However, frequent use (≤3–4/week) of broiling of meats and traditional style Japanese salad preparation in their cooking procedures were positively associated with stomach cacer mortality. The RR values compared with infrequent use (≥1–2/month) were 2.27 (95% CI: 1–06–4.85) and 3.10 (95% CI: 1.40–6.85), respectively. A positive family history of cancer, especially stomach cancer, significantly increased the risk of stomach cancer deaths (RR=2.01, 95% CI: 1.12–3.63). The effects of these variables remained after adjustment for other variables.
RAPID RISK ASSESSMENT Human infection with avian influenza A ( H 7 N 9 ) virus Fifth update , 27 January 2017

Since the notification of a novel reassortant influenza A(H7N9) virus on 31 March 2013, a total of 1 033 laboratory-confirmed cases of human infection with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus have been reported. This is the fifth winter season in the northern hemisphere with human cases caused by A(H7N9) infections. During this wave, the number of human cases is already higher than during the whole of the last wave in 2015–16. Disease numbers are significantly higher than during the same periods in 2014–15 and 2015–16. A steep increase in human cases has been reported since the beginning of December 2016 from China. The epidemiology, however, does not seem to have changed during the current wave of infections. The majority of recently reported human cases are associated with exposure to infected live poultry or contaminated environments, including markets where live poultry are sold. The age distribution of the cases is comparable with previous waves. Influenza A(H7N9) viruses continue to be detected in poultry (and their immediate environment) in the areas where human cases are occurring, but more human cases are being detected in rural areas. The upsurge in human cases is most likely due to increased environmental contamination, mostly related to live bird markets.
Getting the Message Out: Media Context and Global Changes in Attitudes Toward Homosexuality

Global attitudes involving homosexuality are changing rapidly. Tolerance toward lesbian and gay relationships has increased in almost every continent. More often than not, younger people have been at the forefront of this change. In this article, we explore explanations for this cross-national phenomenon. Specifically, we test to see whether contextual factors, those that allow lesbian women and gay men to freely express themselves or to gain cultural representation in the media, have driven this transformation. The results show that inter-cohort effects, or more liberal attitudes among younger people, are related to the pervasiveness of a nation’s mass media and to the presence of press freedom. This research suggests a strong link between increasing mass support for minority rights and the factors that encourage and allow minorities to express their viewpoints to others. These findings have broad implications, in that they help us understand the growing global acceptance around gay rights.
Novel Players in the Integrin Signaling Orchestra: TCPTP and MDGI

4 Jonna Nevo Novel Players in the Integrin Signaling Orchestra: TCPTP and MDGI Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Turku; Medical Biotechnology, VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland; Turku Centre for Biotechnology, University of Turku; and Turku Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Turku, Finland Annales Universitatis Turkuensis, Painosalama Oy, Turku, Finland 2010
Naturally occurring systemic canine distemper virus infection in a pup

This report describes the pathologic and immunohistochemical findings associated with naturally occurring systemic canine distemper virus (CDV) infection in a dog. Clinically, there was lymphopenia and hyperkeratosis of footpads, while pneumonia was identified by radiology. Gross lesions consisted of bilateral ocular discharge and discrete digital hyperkeratosis. By histopathology, there was severe interstitial pneumonia and necrosis of splenic germinal centers. Additionally, eosinophilic intranuclear inclusion bodies were observed within cerebellar astrocytes without marked manifestation of CDV-induced encephalitis. Further, intracytoplasmic bodies were identified within the epithelial cells of the renal pelvis, lung, and urinary bladder. Immunohistochemistry identified the presence of CDV antigens in these tissues and further confirmed the systemic infection to the epidermis of footpads, heart, liver, intestine, spleen, and lymph node.
Inhibitory Effect of Viola odorata Extract on Tumor Growth and Metastasis in 4T1 Breast Cancer Model

Viola odorata as a medical herb is used in liver disorders and relieving cancer pain. In the present study, the cytotoxic, antioxidant, and anti-metastatic properties of Viola odorata hydro-alcoholic extract (VOE) were investigated in 4T1 breast cancer model. After treatment of 4T1 breast cancer cells with VOE, cell viability was measured by MTT assay. The implanted mice were treated with different concentration of VOE (50, 150 and 250 mg/kg) for 21 days. Levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), γ -glutamyl transferase (GGT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cancer antigen 15-3(CA15-3) in serum, and also catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in tumor tissue were measured. Metastatic rate was investigated in liver, spleen and lung tissues. VOE decreased cell viability of 4T1 cells, significantly. VOE significantly inhibited the cell proliferation, but not vasculature in the tumors that revealed by immunohistochemical analysis for Ki-67 and CD31 expression, respectively. VOE increased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio in VOE250-treated group compared to control group. Serum analysis showed that treatment with 250 mg/kg of VOE significantly reduced LDH (not ALP and GGT) levels compared to controls. No linear correlation was found between the values of CEA and CA15-3 with tumor size. The rate of CAT activity was increased in VOE250-treated rats whereas, CAT and SOD activities were reduced in VOE50 group. VOE250 significantly decreased the metastatic rate in liver and lung compared to the other doses of VOE. Consequently, Viola odorata has cytotoxic effects on 4T1 cells and affects antioxidant activity and metastasis in breast cancer.
Temporal Trends in Coronary Angiography and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Insights From the VA Clinical Assessment, Reporting, and Tracking Program

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate temporal trends in characteristics and outcomes among patients referred for invasive coronary procedures within a national health care system for veterans. BACKGROUND Coronary angiography and percutaneous coronary intervention remain instrumental diagnostic and therapeutic interventions for coronary artery disease. METHODS All coronary angiographic studies and interventions performed in U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs cardiac catheterization laboratories for ﬁ scal years 2009 through 2015 were identi ﬁ ed. The demographic characteristics and management of these patients were strati ﬁ ed by time. Clinical outcomes including readmission (30-day) and mortality were assessed across years. RESULTS From 2009 to 2015, 194,476 coronary angiographic examinations and 85,024 interventions were performed at Veterans Affairs facilities. The median numbers of angiographic studies (p ¼ 0.81) and interventions (p ¼ 0.22) remained constantovertime.Patientsundergoingtheseprocedureswereprogressivelyolder,withmorecomorbidities,astheproportion classi ﬁ ed as having high Framingham risk signi ﬁ cantly increased among those undergoing angiography (from 20% to 25%; p < 0.001) and intervention (from 24% to 32%; p < 0.001). Similarly, the median National Cardiovascular Data Registry CathPCIriskscoreincreasedfordiagnostic(from14to15;p ¼ 0.005)andinterventional(from14to18;p ¼ 0.002)procedures. Post-proceduralmedicalmanagementwasunchangedovertime,althoughtherewasincreasingadoptionoftransradialaccess for diagnostic (from 6%
Self-Adaptive Software Performance Monitoring

In addition to studying the construction and evolution of software services, the software engineering discipline needs to address the operation of continuously running software services. A requirement for its robust operation are means for effective monitoring of software runtime behavior. In contrast to profiling for construction activities, monitoring of operational services should only impose a small performance overhead. Furthermore, instrumentation should be non-intrusive to the business logic, as far as possible. Monitoring of continuously operating software services is essential for achieving high availability and high performance of these services. A main issue for dynamic analysis techniques is the amount of monitoring data that is collected and processed at runtime. On one hand, more data allows for accurate and precise analyses. On the other hand, probe instrumentation, data collection and analyses may cause significant overheads. Consequently, a trade-off between analysis quality and monitoring coverage has to be reached. In this paper, we present a method for self-adaptive, rule-based performance monitoring. Our approach aims at a flexible instrumentation to monitor a software system’s timing behavior. A performance engineer’s task is to specify rules that define the monitoring goals for a specific software system. An inference engine decides at which granularity level a component will be observed. We employ the Object Constraint Language (OCL) to specify the monitoring rules. Our goal-oriented, self-adaptive method is based on the continuous evaluation of these rules. The implementation is based on the Eclipse Modeling Framework and the Kieker monitoring framework. In our evaluation, this implementation is applied to the iBATIS JPetStore and the SPECjEnterprise2010 benchmark.
Endoanal ultrasonographic evaluation of an unhealed anal fissure after the lateral internal sphincterotomy.

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of the lateral internal sphincterotomy in patients who had unhealed anal fissures using the endoanal ultrasonography. BACKGROUND Lateral internal sphincterotomy is an effective method in treatment of chronic anal fissures, but it is associated with 1 to 5 % unhealing and recurrence rates. Endoanal ultrasonography can be used to evaluate the sphincterotomy and the efficiency of the treatment. METHODS Totally, 40 patients with unhealed anal fissures after the lateral internal sphincterotomy were enrolled consecutively. The fissures were diagnosed by proctologic examination in every patient. The results of sphincterotomy were evaluated by the endoanal ultrasonography. RESULTS There were 23 men and 17 women with the median age 29.7 years (range, 20-44 years). Using the endoanal ultrasonography, an incomplete internal sphincterotomy was detected in 26 of patients. In 12 patients, while the internal sphincter was completely intact, a superficial (subcutaneous) external anal sphincterotomy was found. In two patients, although the internal sphincterotomy was observed to be sufficient, a localized abscess formation of less than 1 cm was detected at the anal crypts level. CONCLUSION The use of endoanal ultrasonography in patients with unhealed or recurrent anal fissure is a beneficial diagnostic method in assessing the situations of sphincters after the lateral internal sphincterotomy. Although the lateral internal sphincterotomy is a successful surgical treatment and can be performed easily as an outpatient procedure, it should be performed with the correct and rigorously surgical technique (Tab. 2, Fig. 3, Ref. 31).
In vitro evaluation of the dehydration characteristics of silicone hydrogel and conventional hydrogel contact lens materials

Purpose: This study investigated the in vitro dehydration performance of silicone hydrogel and conventional hydrogel contact lens materials.Methods: In vitro dehydration was assessed using a gravimetric method. The mass loss over time of Focus Night&Day, PureVision, Optima, Acuvue and Proclear Compatibles was measured as the ambient temperature increased from room temperature to 34 ◦C under varying airflow and humidity conditions. Results: Dehydration data demonstrated a typical ogival form. The results were best fitted with a double exponential, non-linear regression model, which accounted for at least 99% of the variance. Regardless of material, increased airflow had a greater impact on dehydration rate than increased humidity ( P < 0.05). Relative dehydration amounts were strongly correlated with initial water content ( r2 = 0.92), with higher water content materials dehydrating to a greater extent. Co clusions: In vitro dehydration studies of conventional and novel silicone-containing hydrogel materials indicated that evaporation rates from materials are predominantly water content related, with only subtle differences between materials of similar water contents being seen. Environmental conditions have a significant impact on in vitro dehydration, with increased airflow having a greater impact than reduced humidity on increasing dehydration rates. In vitro dehydration is closely related to bulk water diffusion rates and, as a result of their low water content, silicone-containing hydrogel materials exhibit low levels of dehydration compared with high water content hydrogel contact lens materials. Further, in vivo studies are necessary to see if the in vitro dehydration behaviour of silicone hydrogel materials is predictive of in-eye performance. © 2002 British Contact Lens Association. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.