Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regeneration of muscles after cardiotoxin injury I. Cytological aspects

Regeneration of several adult rat and mouse skeletal muscles was studied after degeneration of muscle fibers had been obtained by the selective action of the cardiotoxin of Naja mossambica mossambica venom. Experimental conditions were set up to ensure minimal damage to satellite cells and also the nerves and blood vessels of the original muscles. As in the other types of experimental regeneration, the structure of the regenerated muscle appeared in many respects different from that of the normal muscle. Moreover the neuromuscular junctions of ‘en plaque’ type were transformed to ‘en grappe’ type junctions. May ultrastructural abnormalities often displayed by these junctions might be linked, at least partially, to the persistence in the regenerating muscle of the original synaptic basal lamina sheaths and their inductive properties.
Detection of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage 3 months after initial bleeding: evaluation of T2* and FLAIR MR sequences at 3 T in comparison with initial non-enhanced CT as a gold standard

Objective To investigate the ability of T2* and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) MR sequences to detect hemosiderin deposition 3 months after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in comparison with early non-enhanced CT (NECT) as a gold standard. Materials and methods From September 2008 through May 2013, patients with aneurysmal SAH were included if a NECT less than 24 h after the onset of symptoms showed a SAH, and MRI, including T2* and FLAIR sequences, was performed 3 months later. All aneurysms were treated endovascularly. NECT and MR sequences were blindly analyzed for the presence of SAH (NECT) or hemosiderin deposition (MRI). When positive, details of the spatial distribution of SAH or hemosiderin deposits were noted. Sensitivities were calculated for each patient. Sensitivities, specificities, and positive predictive values (PPVs) were calculated for each location. Results Forty-nine patients (mean age 52.9 years) were included. Bleeding-related patterns were identified in 43 patients (87.8%) on T2* and 10 patients (20.4%) on FLAIR. T2* was highly predictive of the location of the initial hemorrhage, especially in the Sylvian cisterns (PPVs 95% and 100%) and the anterior interhemispheric fissure (PPV 90%). Conclusions The T2* sequence can detect and localize a previous SAH a few months after aneurysmal bleeding.
Characterization of uncommon portosystemic collateral circulations in patients with hepatic cirrhosis

The purpose of the present study was to characterize uncommon portosystemic collateral circulation in hepatic cirrhosis. Portosystemic uncommon collateral circulation (UCC) was detected, characterized and evaluated by a combination of spiral computed tomography angiography, three-dimensional imaging angiography and electronic gastroscopy in patients diagnosed with hepatic cirrhosis. In total, 118 cases with UCC were detected from a pool of 700 hepatic cirrhosis patients with portal hypertension. The incidence was 16.86% and included cases with splenic-renal, gastro-renal, paravertebral, retroperitoneal, gastric-splenic and cardio-phrenic angle vein shunts. The occurrence rate of UCC formation increased with the Child-Pugh grade. Compared with common collateral circulations, the incidence of severe esophageal or gastric fundus varicose veins, severe portal hypertensive gastropathy and the incidence of a large quantity of ascites was much lower in the patients with UCC (P<0.01), whereas the incidence of hepatic encephalopathy and chronic elevated blood ammonia levels was significantly higher (P<0.01). The incidence of uncommon portosystemic collateral circulation is extremely common in patients with liver cirrhosis and is associated with the Child-Pugh grades of hepatic function. UCC can aid in the relief of the complications derived from portal hypertension, but it may increase the incidence of hepatic encephalopathy and chronic elevated blood ammonia levels.
Sexual function and quality of life in diabetic women referring to health care centers in Mashhad

CONTEXT: Quality of life (QOL) is one of the important indexes of health and well-being promotion in the diabetic patients. Based on numerous studies, these patients have a lower QOL, compared to nondiabetic individuals. In addition, a higher prevalence of sexual function disorder has been reported in their population that can have a negative effect on their QOL. AIMS: This study aimed to investigate the association between sexual function and QOL in diabetic women referring to health care centers in Mashhad during 2013–2014. SETTINGS AND DESIGNS: In this correlational study, the association between sexual function and QOL in 90 diabetic women with type two diabetes referring to health care centers in Mashhad during 2013–2014 was investigated. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Data were collected by Rosen female sexual function index and short form-36 questionnaires. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED: Data were analyzed by mean comparison and Spearman correlation coefficient statistical test through SPSS 16. RESULTS: Subjects’ mean sexual function score was 21.7 ± 6.30. Based on the finding, 25.6% of the subjects suffered from sexual function disorder. Subjects’ mean score of QOL was 58.75 ± 1616.24. There was a significant association between an overall score of sexual function and its subscales, with their QOL and two dimensions of overall physical and psychological and mental health scores (P < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: Sexual function is one of the important and associated aspects of QOL in diabetic patients. Designing and evaluation of the interventions with the goal of an improvement in this variable plays a notable role in the promotion of these patients’ QOL. However, with regard to limited research in this field, further studies on this association are suggested.
Differential Binding of Three Major Human ADAR Isoforms to Coding and Long Non-Coding Transcripts

RNA editing by deamination of adenosine to inosine is an evolutionarily conserved process involved in many cellular pathways, from alternative splicing to miRNA targeting. In humans, it is carried out by no less than three major adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADARs): ADAR1-p150, ADAR1-p110, and ADAR2. However, the first two derive from alternative splicing, so that it is currently impossible to delete ADAR1-p110 without also knocking out ADAR1-p150 expression. Furthermore, the expression levels of ADARs varies wildly among cell types, and no study has systematically explored the effect of each of these isoforms on the cell transcriptome. In this study, RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP)-sequencing on overexpressed ADAR isoforms tagged with green fluorescent protein (GFP) shows that each ADAR is associated with a specific set of differentially expressed genes, and that they each bind to distinct set of RNA targets. Our results show a good overlap with known edited transcripts, establishing RIP-seq as a valid method for the investigation of RNA editing biology.
The importance of relationships with parents and best friends for adolescents’ romantic relationship quality: Differences between indigenous and ethnic Dutch adolescents

This study examined how the quality of relationships with parents and friends were related to intimacy, commitment, and passion in adolescents’ romantic relationships for indigenous Dutch and ethnic Dutch adolescents. Self-report survey data were used from 444 (88.9%) indigenous Dutch and 55 (11.1%) ethnic Dutch adolescents between 12 and 18 years of age (M = 15.34, SD = 1.14), all of whom were involved in a romantic relationship. About 61.6% (n = 307) were girls. For both indigenous and ethnic Dutch youths, the quality of the parent—adolescent relationship was positively associated with romantic relationship intimacy, whereas the quality of one’s best friendship was related to higher commitment to one’s romantic partner. Significant interactions in hierarchical regression analyses revealed that only ethnic Dutch adolescents who experienced low-quality parent—adolescent relationships showed more commitment to their romantic relationships. Additionally, ethnic Dutch adolescents who experienced low-quality best friendships showed more passion in their romantic relationships as compared to indigenous Dutch adolescents. These findings are indicative of ethnic differences in the roles that parents and friends play in the romantic lives of Dutch adolescents.
Fractionated high-dose-rate brachytherapy in primary carcinoma of the nasopharynx.

PURPOSE A growing body of data suggests that local control in nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is related to the radiation dose administered. We conducted a single-institution study of high-dose radiotherapy (RT), which incorporated high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy (BT). These results were analyzed together with data obtained from controls who did not receive BT. PATIENTS AND METHODS The BT group comprised 42 consecutive patients of whom 29 patients were staged according to the tumor, node, metastasis system as T1 through 3, 13 patients were T4, and 34 patients were N+ disease. BT was administered on an outpatient basis by means of a specially designed flexible nasopharyngeal applicator, and the dose distributions were optimized. Treatment for T1 through 3 tumors comprised 60 Gy of external-beam radiotherapy (ERT) followed by six fractions of 3 Gy BT (two fractions per day). Patients with parapharyngeal tumor extension and/or T4 tumors received 70 Gy ERT and four fractions of 3 Gy BT. The no-BT group consisted of all patients treated from 1965 to 1991 (n = 109), of whom 82 patients had stages T1 through 3, 27 patients had T4, and 80 patients had N+ disease. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards analyses were performed by using the end points time to local failure (TTLF), time to distant failure (TTDF), disease-free survival (DFS), cause-specific survival (CSS), and the prognostic factors age, tumor stage, node stage, and grade. Because the overall treatment time varied substantially in the no-BT group, the dependence of local failure (LF) on the physical dose as well as the biologic effective dose (BED) corrected for the overall treatment time (OTT) (BEDcor10) was studied. RESULTS The BT group had a superior 3-year local relapse-free rate (86% v 60%; univariate analysis, P = .004). Multivariate analysis showed hazards ratios for BT versus no-BT of 0.24 for TTLF (P = .003), 0.35 for TTDF (P = .038), 0.31 for DFS (P < .001), and 0.44 for CSS (P = .01). The best prognostic group consisted of patients with T1 through 3, N0 through 2b tumors treated with BT who attained a 5-year TTLF of 94% and CSS of 91%. In contrast, the worst prognostic group, i.e., 5-year TTLF of 47% and CSS of 24%, was composed of patients with T4 and/or N2c through 3 tumors who did not receive BT. CONCLUSION High doses of radiation (73 to 95 Gy) can be administered to patients with NPC with minimal morbidity by means of optimized HDR-BT. The use of a BT boost proved to be of significant benefit, particularly in patients with T1 through 3, N0 through 2b disease. The steep dose-effect relationship seen for the physical dose and the BEDcor10 indicates that the results are dose related. The analysis has identified a poor prognostic group in whom treatment intensification with chemotherapy (CHT) is indicated.
A new case of chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids.

Sir, We read with great interest the recent article published in Brain by Pittock and colleagues (2010) describing eight patients with a previously unrecognized distinct brainstem encephalitis named chronic lymphocytic inflammation with pontine perivascular enhancement responsive to steroids (CLIPPERS). Here, we report on what we believe to be another patient with CLIPPERS, lending further support to the concept that CLIPPERS is a novel, definable, inflammatory CNS disease. The patient provided written informed consent for presentation of her case as a report. A 69-year-old female noticed general weakness, dizziness and abnormal fatigue with subacute onset 16 weeks prior to evaluation at the Department of Neurology, Charite, Universitatsmedizin, Berlin. Eleven weeks prior, the patient developed horizontal diplopia and walking difficulties that gradually worsened so that she became unable to walk without assistance. Additionally, she noticed dysarthria and dysphagia as well as facial tingling and paraesthesia in her fingertips. About 4 weeks prior to admission, she developed hyperacusis and a labile affect with involuntary crying. Her past medical history was unremarkable except for arterial hypertension, which was treated with bisoprolol. Her family history was negative. Neurological examination on admission revealed a cerebellar syndrome with limb, gait and stance ataxia, as well as intention tremor on the left, more than on the right-hand side. She had marked cerebellar dysarthria. Her gait …
Positive Linear Systems Consisting of  $n$ Subsystems With Different Fractional Orders

A new class of positive linear systems consisting of n subsystems with different fractional orders is introduced. Solution to the set of matrix linear differential equations with different fractional orders is derived. Necessary and sufficient conditions for the positivity of the fractional systems are established. It is shown that the linear electrical circuits composed of resistors, supercondensators, coils, and voltage (current) sources are positive systems with different fractional orders.
Cognitive Dispositions of IS Personnel and Implications for Pair Programming

The dominance of traditional heavyweight software development methodologies is being challenged by the advent of lightweight or agile methodologies that stress the need to be nimble and adaptive in a world where change is inevitable. A singularly distinctive feature of these new methodologies is their emphasis on people and their interactions. In a development environment that relies heavily on collaborative decision-making in all aspects of software development, an understanding of the cognitive dispositions of developers and their implications is imperative. This paper delineates a framework by reviewing the literature on cognitive dispositions of IS personnel. The implications of these findings for Pair Programming, a core concept in Extreme Programming, and the research issues that emerge as a consequence are also presented.
COMMUNITY STRUCTURE AND ADOLESCENT DELINQUENCY IN ICELAND: A CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS*

The current study examines the contextual effects of community structural characteristics on adolescent delinquency in Iceland, focusing on how specific individual-level mechanisms work to mediate the contextual effects. Using multilevel data on 68 school communities and 6,458 adolescents, we find a contextual effect of community social instability (residential mobility, family disruption) on delinquency. Moreover, the findings indicate that specific individual-level social control mechanisms (Coleman, 1988) explain a part of this effect, namely, embeddedness in community-based social ties linking parents and adolescents and normlessness. Also, the findings indicate that the individual-level effect of unsupervised peer activity on delinquency is contingent on embeddedness in social ties as well as on community social instability. The findings have bearing on the cross-societal generalizability of social disorganization theory.
Acute hematogenous osteomyelitis and septic arthritis in children: clinical characteristics and outcomes study.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the clinical features, causative pathogens and outcomes-related to acute hematogenous osteomyelitis and septic arthritis in pediatric patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD The authors conducted a retrospective cohort study of patients under 15 years of age with diagnosis of acute hematogenous osteomyelitis (AHO) and/or septic arthritis (SA), treated at Queen Sirikit National Institute of Child Health from 1996 to 2006. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, bacterial spectrum, and outcomes were collected. Potential risk factors for osteoarticular sequelae in the patients who had more than 2 years of follow-up were analyzed. RESULTS One hundred and twenty-nine patients met the diagnostic criteria which included 51 cases with SA, 35 cases with AHO and 37 cases with both SA and AHO. The patient's age ranged between 1 day and 13 years 4 months, comprising 37 (28.6%) of newborns, 28 (21.7%) of > 1-12 months, 18 (14%) of > 1-3 years and 46 (35.7%) of > 3-15 years. Causative bacteria were found in 103 of 129 patients (80%), the two most common pathogens were methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) in 48 (46.6%) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in 18 (17.5%) cases. The initial temperature on admission day was high (> 37.5 degrees C) in only one-third of newborns, one-half of infants and two-thirds of the older group. The duration of antibiotic administration ranged between 21 and 56 days (mean 42 days). Arthrotomy or drainage and bone or joint aspiration underwent in 62% and 17% of cases respectively. Outcomes of 79 patients who had more than 2 years of follow-up identified osteoarticular sequelae in 23 patients (29%) that consisted of avascular necrosis of epiphysis, limb-length discrepancy and pathologic fractures. Univariate analysis for potential risk factors compared between sequelae and without sequelae groups demonstrated significant association with more than 1 week duration of presenting symptoms, newborn age group, hip joint infection, infection with MRSA and more than 3 days delayed treatment with appropriate antibiotics. CONCLUSION MSSA was the most common bacterial pathogen causing pediatric osteoarticular infections in all age groups but was second to MRSA in the newborn group. Osteoarticular sequelae were avascular necrosis of epiphysis, limb length discrepancy, and pathologic fracture which were significantly related to longer duration of presenting symptoms, newborn age group, hip joint involvement, MRSA infection and delayed administration of appropriate antibiotics.
A change in the epidemiology of infections due to extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing organisms.

Potential conflicts of interest. D.L. P. received recent research funding from Pfizer, Elan, AstraZeneca, Merck; serves as a consultant forMerck, Wyeth, Elan, and AstraZeneca; and serveson the speakers’ bureau for Merck, Elan, Cubist,and AstraZeneca. J.R. B. : no conflicts.
Optimal hybrid frequency hop communication system using nonlinear adaptive jammer countermeasures and active fading mitigation

Digital mobile battlefield environments impose challenging obstacles to battle group communications and data management. As future communication capabilities cascade from tactical commanders to individual soldiers, increased spectral clutter will complicate the task of preserving data throughput. Applied within a programmable radio architecture, frequency hop (FH) and direct sequence (DS) waveforms have inherent strengths that may be exploited to overcome battlefield communication obstacles. In this paper, we present a methodology that combines the FH waveform with pulse concealment and transform domain signal processing in order to overcome interference, hostile detection, and jamming. Rejection algorithms are demonstrated which significantly improve system performance in the presence of high-power partial-band jammers, co-site communication signals, and fading.
Organizational social capital, structure and performance

Organization theorists suggest that the social capital within organizations is a potentially powerful resource for improving organizational performance. In addition, organizational structures may strengthen or weaken the effects of social capital, by furnishing greater or fewer opportunities for its growth. This article explores the independent and combined effects of organizational social capital and structure on the performance of over 100 organizations between 2002 and 2005, using panel data. The statistical results suggest that cognitive and relational dimensions of social capital are positively related to performance, but that the structural dimension of social capital is unrelated to service outcomes. Further analysis revealed that organizational structure has complex and contradictory effects on the impact of each dimension of social capital.
Effort and Reward: The Assumption that College Grades Are Affected by Quantity of Study

The relation between college grades and self-reported amount of effort uas examined in four major and several minor investigations of undergraduates in a large state university. Grades were operationalized mainly by using grade point average (GPA), though in one investigation grades in a particular course were the focus. Effort was measured in several different ways, ranging from student estimates of typical study over the term to reports of study on specific days. Despite evidence that these self-reports provide meaningful estimates of actual studying, there is at best only a very small relation between amount of studying and grades, as compared to the considerably stronger and more monotonic relations between grades and both aptitude measures and self-reported class attendance. The plausible assumption that college grades reflect student effort to an important extent does not receive much support from these investigations. This raises a larger question about the extent to which reuwrds are linked to effort in other areas of life-a connection often assumed but seldom investigated. That hard work along normatively prescribed lines produces rewards is a belief fundamental to virtually every social system (Heider). The belief is certainly widespread in the United States (Rytina et al.) and is probably shared to at least some degree even by those who emphasize the impor"Several of the senior author's Research Methods dasses participated actively in both the design and the execution of the main research described here. We are also grateful to Diana Pearce, Jean Converse, and Daniel DuRoss, each of whom collaborated at some point in our investigations; to Marc Schuman and Jacob Ludwig who provided consultation on computing throughout; and to James House and F. Thomas Juster who offered suggestions on an earlier draft of this paper. Address correspondence to Howard Schuman, Department of Sociology, University of Mchigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1382.
Familiarity facilitates the corticocortical processing of face perception

The visual evoked potentials elicited by mosaic pictures were used to elucidate the initial step of face perception. Three different mosaic levels (subthreshold, threshold, suprathreshold) for familiar and unfamiliar faces and objects were randomly presented for 250 ms. The latencies of occipital N1 and posterior-temporal N2 were shortened by decreasing the mosaic levels of faces but not for object. The N2 amplitude significantly increased at threshold and suprathreshold levels for familiar and unfamiliar faces. The latency difference between N1 and N2 at threshold level for a familiar face was significantly shortened compared with that for an unfamiliar face. Our findings suggest the initial step of face perception is already set in the primary visual cortex, and familiarity can facilitate the corticocortical processing of face information.