Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PERSEPSI TUBUH DAN GANGGUAN MAKAN PADA REMAJA PEREMPUAN

The objective of this study was to determine the relationship of body image perception and eating disorders in female adolescents. The design was a cross sectional study applied in new under graduate students majoring in nutritional sciences at Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) involving 103 female students. The results showed that the subjects proportion in normal nutritional status was 84.5%, overweight 11.7%, obesity 1.9%, and thin 1.9%. Most of the subjects tend to have more positive body perception (48.5%) which consisted of 44.7% without eating disorders and 3.9% had eating disorders. There was only 3.9% subject had a negative perception and 7.8% subject had eating disorders with more risk such as desiring to eat continously and could not stop eating 2—3 times a month. There was no significant correlation between body image perception with eating disorders (p>0.05).
Clinical Ophthalmology Dovepress Dovepress Predictive Value of Visual Evoked Potentials, Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect, and Orbital Fractures in Patients with Traumatic Optic Neuropathy

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the predictive value of flash visual-evoked potentials (VEP), relative afferent pupillary defect, and presence of orbital fractures in patients with traumatic optic neuropathy. Methods: A prospective study was conducted in 15 patients with indirect traumatic optic neuropathy. All patients underwent a thorough ophthalmic examination. Initial visual acuity, final visual acuity, and relative afferent pupillary defect were determined, and visual acuity was converted into logMAR units. We performed flash VEP and an orbital computed tomography scan in all patients. Results: There was a good correlation between relative afferent pupillary defect and final visual acuity (r = −0.83), and better initial visual acuity could predict better final visual acuity (r = 0.92). According to findings from flash VEP parameters, there was a relationship between final visual acuity and amplitude ratio of the wave (r = 0.59) and latency ratio of the wave (r = −0.61). Neither primary visual acuity nor final visual acuity was related to the presence of orbital fractures in the orbital CT scan. Conclusion: Patients with traumatic optic neuropathy often present with severe vision loss. Flash VEP, poor initial visual acuity, and higher grade of relative afferent pupillary defect could predict final visual acuity in these patients. Presence of orbital fracture was not a predictive factor for primary visual acuity or final visual acuity.
Sitagliptin 100 mg daily effect on DPP-4 inhibition and compound-specific glycemic improvement

Abstract Objective: In clinical trials, the degree of glucose lowering with sitagliptin has been correlated with the magnitude of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibition over 24 h. Previous studies evaluating sitagliptin doses ranging from 25 to 200 mg/day demonstrated that the daily dose of 100 mg provided maximal glucose-lowering efficacy for this compound in patients with type 2 diabetes. However, sitagliptin 200 mg once daily provided numerically greater percent plasma DPP-4 inhibition compared with 100 mg once daily. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether sitagliptin 200 mg once daily provides greater improvement in glycemic efficacy as assessed by weighted mean glucose (WMG) over 24 h relative to sitagliptin 100 mg once daily and to relate the percent DPP-4 inhibition achieved with these doses to any between-treatment differences in glycemic efficacy. Methods: In a double-blind crossover study, patients with type 2 diabetes (fasting plasma glucose [FPG] 130–250 mg/dL) were randomized to one of six treatment sequences over three treatment periods (placebo, sitagliptin 100 mg once daily, or sitagliptin 200 mg once daily). Each of the treatment periods was 7 days in duration, with 28-day washout periods between treatments. After each treatment period, patients underwent blood sampling at various time points over 24 h to determine 24-h WMG. Plasma DPP-4 activity was assessed at trough, 24 h following dosing on day 7; percent DPP-4 inhibition was corrected for sample assay dilution. Results: The 103 randomized patients had a baseline mean FPG of 172 mg/dL. Following a planned interim analysis, the study was stopped because the 24-h WMG values were not different between the sitagliptin doses. Furthermore, a significant carryover effect across periods was observed for FPG; thus, efficacy results from period 1 are presented herein. The 24-h WMG values were significantly (p < 0.01) lower with sitagliptin relative to placebo, but the difference between sitagliptin doses was not significant (p = 0.365). Corrected percent plasma DPP-4 inhibition at trough was not significantly (p = 0.791) different with sitagliptin 200 mg (LS mean [95% CI] 96.9% [90.0, 100.0]) compared with sitagliptin 100 mg (95.6% [88.4, 100.0]). The early termination and the carryover effect described above are limitations to this study. Conclusion: Across sitagliptin doses in this study, the similarity of the 24-h WMG concentrations and the similarity of the corrected DPP-4 inhibition values support prior findings that the maximal glucose-lowering efficacy of sitagliptin is achieved with once-daily dosing of 100 mg. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00541229
The pattern and risk factors associated with adverse drug reactions induced by Reteplase in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction: The first report from Iranian population

Objective: Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is one of the main leading causes of mortality and morbidity. Reteplase is a fibrin-specific thrombolytic which is used in the treatment of AMI. There is a limited number of studies reporting the postmarketing adverse drug reactions (ADRs) induced by reteplase. This study was aimed to examine the reteplase pattern of ADR and its associated risk factors in patients with acute ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Methods: A cross-sectional, prospective study in an 8-month period was done at the University affiliated referral cardiovascular center. The Naranjo probability scale and World Health Organization criteria for severity of ADRs were used for assessing the ADRs. The linear regression and logistic regression tests were used to evaluate the correlation between ADRs and risk factors. Findings: The all 20 patients who received reteplase during the study period were entered. The majority of patients (n = 17) experienced at least one ADR. The results showed that the incidence of ADRs was mainly associated with gender and age, and the number of ADRs was associated with the history of diabetes and taking anti-diabetic agents. The gender was the main predictor in the occurrence of ADRs (odds ratio: 32, 95% confidence interval: 1.38–737.45; P = 0.030). Conclusion: The results showed that gender, age, diabetes mellitus, and using of anti-diabetes medications are the risk factors associated with the incidence of ADRs by reteplase.
Allele frequency and genotype distribution of a common variant in the 3´-untranslated region of the SLC22A3 gene in patients with type 2 diabetes: Association with response to metformin

Background: Organic cation transporter 3 (OCT3) is an excellent transporter for metformin, which is used as first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes (T2D). OCT3 genetic variants may influence the clinical response to metformin. This study aimed to determine the genotype and allele frequency of OCT3-564G>A (rs3088442) variant and its role in the glycemic response to metformin in patients with newly diagnosed T2D. Materials and Methods: Based on the response to metformin, 150 patients were classified into two groups: Sixty-nine responders (decrease in glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] values by more than 1% from the baseline) and 81 nonresponders (decrease in HbA1c values <1% from the baseline). HbA1c levels were determined by chromatography. The variant OCT3-564G>A was genotyped using polymerase chain reaction - based restriction fragment length polymorphism. Results: The genotypes frequencies were 51.3% GG, 36% AG, and 12.7% AA. Allele frequency of major allele (G) and minor allele (A) in OCT3-564G>A variant was found to be 0.69 and 0.31, respectively. Fasting glucose, HbA1c, body mass index, and lipid profile in both GG genotypes and GA + AA group decreased significantly after 3 months of metformin therapy compared with baseline (P < 0.05). In both responders and nonresponders, HbA1c and fasting glucose levels were lower in patients with the GA + AA genotype than in those with the GG genotype; however, the differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: The A allele frequency (which may be a protective allele against coronary heart disease) in the Iranian diabetic patients was lower than Iranian, Caucasian and Japanese healthy populations. Metformin is useful in improving the lipid profile, in addition to its impacts in glycemic control, and these effects are regardless of OCT3-564G>A variant.
Distinct Subtypes of Basolateral Amygdala Taste Neurons Reflect Palatability and Reward

The amygdala processes multiple, dissociable properties of sensory stimuli. Given its central location within a dense network of reciprocally connected regions, it is reasonable to expect that basolateral amygdala (BLA) neurons should produce a rich repertoire of dynamical responses to taste stimuli. Here, we examined single BLA neuron taste responses in awake rats and report the existence of two distinct subgroups of BLA taste neurons operating simultaneously during perceptual processing. One neuron type produced long, protracted responses with dynamics that were strikingly similar to those previously observed in gustatory cortex. These responses reflect cooperation between amygdala and cortex for the purposes of processing palatability. A second type of BLA taste neuron may be part of the system often described as being responsible for reward learning: these neurons produced very brief, short-latency responses to rewarding stimuli; when the rat participated in procuring the taste by pressing a lever in response to a tone, however, those phasic taste responses vanished, phasic responses to the tone appearing instead. Our data provide strong evidence that the neural handling of taste is actually a distributed set of processes and that BLA is a nexus of these multiple processes. These results offer new insights into how amygdala imbues naturalistic sensory stimuli with value.
A review of decision support technologies for amniocentesis.

BACKGROUND There is an increasing interest in designing decision tools [decision support technologies (DSTs)] that support patients when they have to decide about health matters. The purpose of this review was to describe and evaluate existing DSTs for amniocentesis testing. METHODS Ten medical and psychological databases were searched up to January 2008 and key authors and organizations contacted to identify DSTs for amniocentesis (published or otherwise). DSTs that described amniocentesis testing were included. RESULTS Six DSTs met the inclusion criteria and were evaluated using the International Patient Decision Aids Standards Instrument. The evaluation suggested that most DSTs provided a satisfactory level of information on the index decision and, on the specific features of a diagnostic test; provided structured guidance in making a decision; were based on scientific evidence and disclosed the funding sources and authors' credentials. However, most DSTs failed to communicate probabilistic information, to clarify patient values and use plain language. The majority of DSTs did not use a systematic development process. Furthermore, the DSTs' evaluation often lacked scientific rigour. In most cases, neither the quality nor the effectiveness of the DST could be inferred from the evaluations. CONCLUSIONS The review highlights variations in the development, evaluation and quality of existing DSTs for amniocentesis. We do not know what impact DSTs may have when implemented in clinical settings. Decisions in this context have high stakes and strong emotional impacts. It is important to ensure that DSTs achieve high standards.
Communication accommodation theory: negotiating personal relationships and social identities across contexts

Most people modify their ways of speaking, writing, texting, and e-mailing, and so on, according to the people with whom they are communicating. This fascinating book asks why we 'accommodate' to others in this way, and explores the various social consequences arising from it. Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT), revised and elaborated over the past 40 years, has been applied to a wide range of situations, from families to courtrooms, and from media to hospitals, by means of diverse methodologies in many disciplines, and across numerous languages and cultures. Bringing together a team of experts, this book demonstrates how the theory can help us towards a greater understanding of interpersonal communication in a multitude of contexts. Finally, it examines the principles of the theory, identifying a range of avenues along which research can move forward in future. A fascinating account of how and why we modify our way of speaking, texting, and e-mailing, and so on, according to the people with whom we are communicating. An invaluable resource for those already invoking Communication Accommodation Theory in their work, and for those yet to realize its potential. Furthers our understanding of interpersonal communication, and is of real significance to those studying new applied contexts, from families to courtrooms, and from media to hospitals.
Maternally Inherited Essential Hypertension Is Associated With the Novel 4263A>G Mutation in the Mitochondrial tRNAIle Gene in a Large Han Chinese Family

Rational: Despite maternal transmission of hypertension in some pedigrees, pathophysiology of maternally inherited hypertension remains poorly understood. Objective: To establish a causative link between mitochondrial dysfunction and essential hypertension. Method and Results: A total of 106 subjects from a large Chinese family underwent clinical, genetic, molecular, and biochemical evaluations. Fifteen of 24 adult matrilineal relatives exhibited a wide range of severity in essential hypertension, whereas none of the offspring of affected fathers had hypertension. The age at onset of hypertension in the maternal kindred varied from 20 years to 69 years, with an average of 44 years. Mutational analysis of their mitochondrial genomes identified a novel homoplasmic 4263A>G mutation located at the processing site for the tRNAIle 5′-end precursor. An in vitro processing analysis showed that the 4263A>G mutation reduced the efficiency of the tRNAIle precursor 5′-end cleavage catalyzed by RNase P. tRNA Northern analysis revealed that the 4263A>G mutation caused ≈46% reduction in the steady-state level of tRNAIle. An in vivo protein-labeling analysis showed ≈32% reduction in the rate of mitochondrial translation in cells carrying the 4263A>G mutation. Impaired mitochondrial translation is apparently a primary contributor to the reductions in the rate of overall respiratory capacity, malate/glutamate-promoted respiration, succinate/glycerol-3-phosphate-promoted respiration, or N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine/ascorbate–promoted respiration and the increasing level of reactive oxygen species in cells carrying the 4263A>G mutation. Conclusions: These data provide direct evidence that mitochondrial dysfunction caused by mitochondrial tRNAIle 4263A>G mutation is involved in essential hypertension. Our findings may provide new insights into pathophysiology of maternally transmitted hypertension.
Conducting empirical studies on reference architectures in IT consulting firms

Tight time-to-market needs pushes IT consulting firms (ITCFs) to continuously look for techniques to improve their IT services in general, and the design of software architectures in particular. The use of reference architectures allows ITCFs reusing architectural knowledge and components in a systematic way. In return, ITCFs face the need to assess these reference architectures in order to ensure their quality, return on investment and incremental improvement. Little support exists to help ITCFs to face this challenge. In this work-in-progress paper we present an empirical framework aimed to assess ITCFs’ reference architectures and their use in IT projects by harvesting relevant evidence from the wide spectrum of involved stakeholders. We are currently applying this framework in an ITCF and we report the issues found so far.
Cancer Therapy : Preclinical A Short Treatment with Galactomannan GM-CT-01 Corrects the Functions of Freshly Isolated Human Tumor – In fi ltrating Lymphocytes

Purpose: Several galectins are released by tumor cells and macrophages and accumulate in the tumor microenvironment. Galectin-1 and -3 were found to bind to glycosylated receptors at the surface of tumorinfiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), forming glycoprotein–galectin lattices that could reduce the motility and therefore the functionality of surfacemolecules. In contrast to blood T cells, humanTIL showdefective IFN-g secretion upon ex vivo stimulation.Wehave previously shown that extracellular galectin-3 participates in the impairment of TIL functions. Indeed, disruption of glycoprotein–galectin-3 lattices using anti-galectin-3 antibodies, or N-acetyllactosamine as a competing sugar, boosted cytokine secretion by TIL. Here we have tested a clinical grade galectin antagonist: GM-CT-01, a galactomannan obtained from guar gum reported to be safe in more than 50 patients with cancer. Experimental Design: TIL were isolated from human tumor ascites, treated for 2 to 20 hours with galectin antagonists and tested for function. Results: We found that GM-CT-01 boosts cytotoxicity of CD8þ TIL and their IFN-g secretion in a dosedependentmanner. Treating TIL obtained frompatientswith various cancers, during a fewhours, resulted in an increased IFN-g secretion in up to 80% of the samples. Conclusions: These observations pave the way for investigating the potential benefit of this galectin antagonist in patients with cancer, alone or combined with cancer vaccination, in order to correct in vivo impaired functions of TIL. Clin Cancer Res; 20(7); 1823–33. 2014 AACR.
Antitumor activity of lentinan in murine syngeneic and autochthonous hosts and its suppressive effect on 3-methylcholanthrene-induced carcinogenesis.

The antitumor effect of lentinan in syngeneic and autochthonous tumor-host systems and its suppressive effect on 3-methylcholanthrene (MC)-induced carcinogenesis were confirmed using DBA/2 and SWM/Ms hosts. The regressive activity of lentinan against the solid form of Sarcoma 180 was the most effective in DBA/2, SWM/Ms, or A/J mice and less effective in C3H/He or C57BL/6 mice. The growth of a syngeneic MC-induced DBA/2.MC. CS-1 fibrosarcoma (native and trypsinized) was markedly inhibited, and the regression of tumors was detected by the i.p. injection of minute amounts of lentinan into DBA/2 mice, which were the most suitable host in lentinan treatment. When DBA/2 mice were used, lentinan was also effective for even autochthonous primary tumors induced within 15 weeks after MC inoculation, but less effective for tumors induced during the 16 to 36 weeks after MC treatment. Lentinan showed a prominent suppressive effect in MC-induced carcinogenesis using DBA/2 and SWM/Ms mice but not effect when BALB/c, C57BL/6, or C3H/He mice were used. The timing of lentinan administration in the latter result was examined using SWM/Ms mice, and lentinan, when it was given daily for 10 days after the third week of MC inoculation, was strikingly effective (33%), but not so effective (63%) when lentinan was given after the sixth week of MC treatment, compared with tumor-occurrence rate in the control group (88%). The reason why DBA/2, SWM/Ms, or A/J mice were suitable hosts for lentinan treatment is not clear, but the natural killer capability or phagocytic macrophage function in these strains seems to have no relation to lentinan action, because A/J mice are deficient in natural killer function, and in these strains of mice the phagocytic function of macrophages is weak. It may be quite possible that these strains of mice are most sensitive to delayed-type hypersensitivity and/or cytotoxic T-cell response in which T-cells and lentinan play important roles. The tumor-host systems presented here provide a good model in which lentinan retains an inhibitory capacity in syngeneic and autochthonous hosts, and such a model offers the possibility for further study of the host defense mechanism against cancer.
Hedging and the Value of Waiting to Invest

We analyze the optimal hedging policy of a firm that has flexibility in the timing of investment, but faces a constraint on its ability to raise external funds. By reducing the risk that the firm's ability to finance investment will disappear, hedging restores its timing flexibility and thus raises the payoff threshold required to justify investment. The principal implication of this result is that hedging adds value not only by allowing investment to occur, as is the case in Froot et al (1993), but also by allowing investment to be delayed in circumstances when it might otherwise have to occur prematurely. This observation may help explain the empirical findings that investment rates do not differ between hedgers and non-hedgers, and that hedging propensities do not depend on measures of growth opportunities.
Surface acoustic wave characterization of PECVD films on gallium arsenide

Surface-acoustic-wave (SAW) measurement techniques can be effectively used to determine the acoustic properties of dielectric and piezoelectric films. Such films can be used for the development of semiconductor-integrated microwave-frequency surface and bulk acoustic wave devices. The acoustic properties of silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, silicon carbide, and TEOS glass, deposited by plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor-deposition (PECVD) on GaAs, have been characterized using linear arrays of SAW interdigital electrodes operating in the harmonic mode over the frequency region from 30 MHz to above 1.0 GHz. The elastic constants of these amorphous films have been determined by fitting theoretical dispersion curves to the measured SAW velocity characteristics. Frequency-dependent SAW propagation-loss values have been determined from the observed linear change in loss as a function of transducer separation. Preliminary measurements of the temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) for SAW propagation of the films on GaAs are also given. <<ETX>>
Values, risk taking and selection of leisure time activities among delinquent and non-delinquent boys

The study was exploratory in nature, seeking to describe (1) personal factors, (2) professed values, (3) risk taking propensities, and (4) leisure time activity pursuits among delinquent and non-delinquent boys. A total of 50 males, 25 delinquents and 25 non-delinquents from Guilford County, North Carolina, ranging in age from 15 to 17, served as subjects for the study. Subjects chose the time most suitable for each one for data collection. Administration of the test battery (VRTTB) took approximately one hour. Testing for the non-delinquent group was done at Smith and Ragsdale High Schools. Testing for the delinquent group was conducted in the Juvenile Court Counselors' section of the Guilford County Courthouse in Greensboro, North Carolina and the office of the Juvenile Court Counselors in High Point, North Carolina. All data gathering was done individually or in small groups by the writer.