Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Automated Method for Crater Counting Using Rotational Pixel Swapping Method

We develop a fully automated algorithm for determining the geological ages by crater counting from the digital terrain model (DTM) and the digital elevation model (DEM) taken by remote-sensing observations. The algorithm is based on the rotational pixel swapping method, which uses a multiplication operation between the original DTM/DEM data and the rotated data to detect impact craters. Our method does not need binarization and/or noise reduction, because noise components are automatically erased. We show that our method can detect not only simple craters but also complex circular structures such as imperfect, degraded, or overlapping craters. We demonstrate that this method succeeds in the automatic detection of hundreds to thousands of impact craters, and the estimated ages are consistent with those by manual counting in previous works. In addition, it is shown that the calculation time by this method is more than several hundred times faster than by previous methods.
Activation of Nuclear Factor-␬ B Is Necessary for Myotrophin-induced Cardiac Hypertrophy

he transcription factor nuclear factor-␬ B (NF-␬ B) regulates expression of a variety of genes involved in immune responses, inflammation, proliferation, and programmed cell death (apoptosis). Here, we show that in rat neonatal ventricular cardiomyocytes, activation of NF-␬ B is involved in the hypertrophic response induced by myotrophin, a hypertrophic activator identified from spontaneously hypertensive rat heart and cardiomyopathic human hearts. Myotrophin treatment stimulated NF-␬ B nuclear translocation and transcriptional activity, accompanied by I ␬ B-␣ phosphorylation and degradation. Consistently, myotrophin-induced NF-␬ B activation was enhanced by T wild-type I ␬ B kinase (IKK) ␤ and abolished by the dominant-negative IKK ␤ or a general PKC inhibitor, calphostin C. Importantly, myotrophin-induced expression of two hyper-trophic genes (atrial natriuretic factor [ANF] and c-myc) and also enhanced protein synthesis were partially inhibited by a potent NF-␬ B inhibitor, pyrrolidine dithio-carbamate (PDTC), and calphostin C. Expression of the dominant-negative form of I ␬ B-␣ or IKK ␤ also partially inhibited the transcriptional activity of ANF induced by myotrophin. These findings suggest that the PKC–IKK–NF-␬ B pathway may play a critical role in mediating the myotrophin-induced hypertrophic response in cardiomyocytes.
Exercise and cardiovascular risk reduction

/4 poss/b/e /lypofens/w acfiow 0/ regu/ar ewdwraMce exercise m normotensipe sedentary sub/ects sti// remains a matter 0/debate. Tnis is part/y caused by ffte/acf f«af f/ie anficipafed /a// in resting b/ood pressure is rafner sma// a«d /7wcfuafions in b/ood pressure dwnng f«e day can be /arge. 7ne bene/ifs 0/ ambu/atory b/ood pressure monitoring CABP) originate /or a great dea/ /rom fne /act tnaf fne repeatabi/ify on di/ferent occasions 0/ fne ambu/atory b/ood pressure average is improved by fne greater number 0/ readings, /n tnis contexf we eua/uafed fne e/fecf 0/ moderate exercise training in 19 sedentary ma/e sub/ecfs, aged 22 to 44 years, witfi norma/ or s/ignf/y e/euafed b/ood pressure. 7ney entered a randomized cross-ouer study. Measurements were performed be/ore fne study, a/ter 6 u>eefcs 0/sedentary /i/e sty/e (S) and a^er 6 weefcs 0/ training fT) on a cyc/e ergometer 3 times a wee/c/or 45 mi'n at 75% V02max. /4BP was measured wif« a Space/abs 90207 monitor and cardiac output at rest witn ec/10-Dopp/er. Training increased V^O2max/̂ "w 3.13 ± 0.09 to 3.40 ± 0.08 //min Cp < 0.02 X Resting neart rate decreased /rom 60 ± 2 to 57 ± 2 bpm at rest (p < 0.05). Resting b/ood pressure was unchanged a/ter training. Resting strode uo/ume increased/ro? n 82 ± 3 to 89 ± 3 m/ (p < 0.02). Systemic yascu/ar resistance index was signi/icant/y decreased due to conditioning (p < 0.05). Tne 24-h means o/systo/ic BP fS: 325 ± 4; T: 225 ± 4 mmHg), diasfo/ic BP fS: 79 ± 3; 7: 78 ± 3 mmHg) and HR (S: 73 ±3; 7: 72 ±4 bpm) did not di//er between tne two cross-oyer periods, /n conc/usion, moderate pnysica/ training /or six weefcs does not /ower ambu/atory b/ood pressure, b/ood pressure at rest and during exercise in normotensiue sedentary ma/e swb/ects; tnis despite c/ear cardiac adaptations and a reduction in systemic yascu/ar resistance.
Spatiotemporal Maps of Brain Activity Underlying Word Generation and Their Modification during Repetition Priming

Spatiotemporal maps of brain activity based on magnetoencephalography were used to observe sequential stages in language processing and their modification during repetition priming. Subjects performed word-stem completion and produced either novel or repeated (primed) words across trials. Activation passes from primary visual cortex (activated at ∼100 msec after word presentation), to left anteroventral occipital (∼180 msec), to cortex in and near Wernicke's (∼210 msec) and then Broca's (∼370 msec) areas. In addition, a posteroventral temporal area is activated simultaneously with posterosuperior temporal cortex. This area shows an early (∼200–245 msec) increase in activation to repeated word stems. In contrast, prefrontal and anterior temporal regions showed activity reductions to repeated word stems late (∼365–500 msec) in processing. These results tend to support classical models of language and suggest that an effect of direct item repetition is to allow word-form processing to increase its contribution to task performance while concurrently allowing reductions in time-consuming frontal temporal processing.
A trace-driven comparison of algorithms for parallel prefetching and caching

High-performance I/O systems depend on prefetching and caching in order to deliver good performance to applications. These two techniques have generally been considered in isolation, even though there are signi cant interactions between them; a block prefetched too early reduces the e ectiveness of the cache, while a block cached too long reduces the effectiveness of prefetching. In this paper we study the effects of several combined prefetching and caching strategies for systems with multiple disks. Using disk-accurate tracedriven simulation, we explore the performance characteristics of each of the algorithms in cases in which applications provide full advance knowledge of accesses using hints. Some of the strategies have been published with theoretical performance bounds, and some are components of systems that have been built. One is a new algorithm that combines the desirable characteristics of the others. We nd that when performance is limited by I/O stalls, aggressive prefetching helps to alleviate the problem; that more conservative prefetching is appropriate when signi cant I/O stalls are not present; and that a single, simple strategy is capable of doing both.
One Year Survival in Nigerians with Peripartum Cardiomyopathy

Background: Peripartum cardiomyopathy (PPCM) is common in North-Western Nigeria. This study aimed to describe the 1-year survival and left ventricular reverse remodeling (LVRR) in a group of patients with PPCM from three referral hospitals in Kano, Nigeria. Methods: PPCM was defined according to recommendations of the Heart Failure (HF) Association of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on PPCM. LVRR was defined as absolute increase in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) by ≥10.0% and decrease in left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic dimension indexed to body surface area ≤33.0 mm/m2, while recovered LV systolic function as LVEF ≥55%, at 12 months follow-up. Results: A total of 54 newly diagnosed PPCM patients with mean age of 26.6 ± 6.7 years, presented with classical features of predominantly left-sided HF and 33 of them qualified for follow-up. Of the 17 survivors at 12 months, 8 patients (47.1%) satisfied the criteria for LVRR, of whom 5 (29.4%) had recovered LV systolic function (LVEF ≥55%), but LVRR was not predicted by any variable in the regression models. The prevalence of normal LV diastolic function increased from 11.1% at baseline to 35.3% at 12 months (P = 0.02). At 1-year follow-up, 41.4% of patients had died (two-thirds of them within the first 6 months), but mortality was not predicted by any variable including LVRR. Conclusions: In Kano, PPCM patients had modest LVRR but high mortality at 1-year. Further studies should be carried out to identify reasons for the high mortality and how to curb it.
Active Autonomous Aerial Exploration for Ground Robot Path Planning

We address the problem of planning a path for a ground robot through unknown terrain, using observations from a flying robot. In search and rescue missions, which are our target scenarios, the time from arrival at the disaster site to the delivery of aid is critically important. Previous works required exhaustive exploration before path planning, which is time-consuming but eventually leads to an optimal path for the ground robot. Instead, we propose active exploration of the environment, where the flying robot chooses regions to map in a way that optimizes the overall response time of the system, which is the combined time for the air and ground robots to execute their missions. In our approach, we estimate terrain classes throughout our terrain map, and we also add elevation information in areas where the active exploration algorithm has chosen to perform 3-D reconstruction. This terrain information is used to estimate feasible and efficient paths for the ground robot. By exploring the environment actively, we achieve superior response times compared to both exhaustive and greedy exploration strategies. We demonstrate the performance and capabilities of the proposed system in simulated and real-world outdoor experiments. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to address ground robot path planning using active aerial exploration.
Handbook of Longitudinal Research Methods in Organisation and Business Studies

Contents: 1. Longitudinal Research in Organizations: An Introduction Melanie E. Hassett and Eriikka Paavilainen-Mantymaki Vignette: Nonresponse in Longitudinal Research: Charting the Terrain Toon W. Taris PART I: LONGITUDITNAL RESEARCH AS QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH 2. Using Quantitative Longitudinal Data to Analyse the Relationship between Firm's Internationalization and Performance Michael-Jorg Oesterle and Hannah N. Richta 3. Planned Missing Data Designs for Longitudinal Organizational Research Mijke Rhemtulla and Todd D. Little 4. Temporal Design in Organizational Research James P. Selig, Robert Hoy and Todd D. Little PART II: LONGITUDINAL RESEARCH AS QUALITATIVE RESEARCH 5. Studying Strategy Over Time through the Identification of Patterns of Actions: An Illustrative Case Study of the Strategies of Alcan and Alcoa from 1928 to 2007 Yves Ploudre 6. Longitudinal Autoethnography Paivi Eriksson 7. Narratives as Longitudinal and Process Data Eriikka Paavilainen-Mantymaki and Leena Aarikka-Stenroos PART III: LONGITUDINAL RESEARCH AS PROCESS RESEARCH 8. In Search of Generative Mechanism: The Grounded Theory Approach to Process Theory Building Zsuzsanna Vincze 9. Challenges of Longitudinal Field Research in Process Studies on Business Networks Aino Halinen and Tuija Mainela 10. Temporal Issues in Process Research Carlo Mari and Olimpia Meglio 11. How to Escape an Unprocessual Legacy? A Viewpoint from International Business Research Eriikka Paavilainen-Mantymaki and Catherine Welch 12. The Use of Time in the Design, Conduct and Write-up of Longitudinal Processual Case Study Research Patrick Dawson PART IV: CONDUCTING LONGITUDINAL RESEARCH 13. Dealing with Unpredictability and Change in Longitudinal Studies of Organizations: A Priori versus Progressive Focusing Approach Eva A. Alfoldi and Melanie E. Hassett 14. Planning Data Collection in Longitudinal Field Research: Small and not so Small Practical Issues Carlo Mari and Olimpia Meglio 15. Organizing and Executing a Longitudinally Based Research Program Michael A. Sartor Index
Isofagomine Induced Stabilization of Glucocerebrosidase

Structurally destabilizing mutations in acid β‐glucosidase (GCase) can result in Gaucher disease (GD). The iminosugar isofagomine (IFG), a competitive inhibitor and a potential pharmacological chaperone of GCase, is currently undergoing clinical evaluation for the treatment of GD. An X‐ray crystallographic study of the GCase‐IFG complex revealed a hydrogen bonding network between IFG and certain active site residues. It was suggested that this network may translate into greater global stability. Here it is demonstrated that IFG does increase the global stability of wild‐type GCase, shifting its melting curve by ∼15 °C and that it enhances mutant GCase activity in pre‐treated N370S/N370S and F213I/L444P patient fibroblasts. Additionally, amide hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectroscopy (H/D‐Ex) was employed to identify regions within GCase that undergo stabilization upon IFG‐binding. H/D‐Ex data indicate that the binding of IFG not only restricts the local protein dynamics of the active site, but also propagates this effect into surrounding regions.
Development of an assessment for ideational praxis.

OBJECTIVE This study developed an assessment of ideational praxis, examined its psychometric properties, and analyzed age and gender trends in children who were typically developing. METHOD Part 1 developed items and scoring criteria of the Test of Ideational Praxis (TIP) and examined interrater reliability and internal consistency. Part 2 studied performance of 80 typically developing children between ages 5 and 8 years. RESULTS The TIP demonstrated acceptable interrater reliability (ICC = .85) and internal consistency (coefficient alpha = .74). Children who were typically developing demonstrated age and gender trends. Girls scored higher than boys, and older children scored higher than younger children. CONCLUSION The TIP is the first objective assessment for identification of ideational abilities and is a reliable assessment tool. Further research is needed to validate the construct of ideation and examine the TIP's ability to discriminate between children with and without ideational difficulties.
Effect of breast feeding on intelligence in children: prospective study, sibling pairs analysis, and meta-analysis

Abstract Objective To assess the importance of maternal intelligence, and the effect of controlling for it and other important confounders, in the link between breast feeding and children's intelligence. Design Examination of the effect of breast feeding on cognitive ability and the impact of a range of potential confounders, in particular maternal IQ, within a national database. Additional analyses compared pairs of siblings from the sample who were and were not breast fed. The results are considered in the context of other studies that have also controlled for parental intelligence via meta-analysis. Setting 1979 US national longitudinal survey of youth. Subjects Data on 5475 children, the offspring of 3161 mothers in the longitudinal survey. Main outcome measure IQ in children measured by Peabody individual achievement test. Results The mother's IQ was more highly predictive of breastfeeding status than were her race, education, age, poverty status, smoking, the home environment, or the child's birth weight or birth order. One standard deviation advantage in maternal IQ more than doubled the odds of breast feeding. Before adjustment, breast feeding was associated with an increase of around 4 points in mental ability. Adjustment for maternal intelligence accounted for most of this effect. When fully adjusted for a range of relevant confounders, the effect was small (0.52) and non-significant (95% confidence interval −0.19 to 1.23). The results of the sibling comparisons and meta-analysis corroborated these findings. Conclusions Breast feeding has little or no effect on intelligence in children. While breast feeding has many advantages for the child and mother, enhancement of the child's intelligence is unlikely to be among them.
Swinging at a Cocktail Party

People often have to listen to someone speak in the presence of competing voices. Much is known about the acoustic cues used to overcome this challenge, but almost nothing is known about the utility of cues derived from experience with particular voices—cues that may be particularly important for older people and others with impaired hearing. Here, we use a version of the coordinate-response-measure procedure to show that people can exploit knowledge of a highly familiar voice (their spouse’s) not only to track it better in the presence of an interfering stranger’s voice, but also, crucially, to ignore it so as to comprehend a stranger’s voice more effectively. Although performance declines with increasing age when the target voice is novel, there is no decline when the target voice belongs to the listener’s spouse. This finding indicates that older listeners can exploit their familiarity with a speaker’s voice to mitigate the effects of sensory and cognitive decline.
Footprinting of linker histones H5 and H1 on the nucleosome.

DNase I has been used to footprint the linker histones H5 and H1 on the nucleosome of chicken erythrocyte chromatin. Rate constants have been derived for digestion at the principal sites of attack on chromatosome length DNA (168 bp), located about 10 bp apart, and compared with those observed for linker histone‐depleted chromatosomes. Complete protection was found for site S7 on the dyad axis and decreasing partial protection seen at symmetrically positioned sites on each side of S7. Strong, but not complete protection was noted at S14, the site corresponding to the end of the core particle, situated less than 1/4 of a turn away from the dyad. Uniform partial protection was observed for sites S2, S3, S4 and S10, S12 on the far side of the chromatosome. The simplest interpretation of these results is that the globular domain of H5/H1 is responsible for the protection at S7, whilst extended N‐ and C‐domains give rise to the partial protection at sites away from the dyad axis.
Predicting temporary agency workers' behaviors

Purpose – This empirical study aims to determine whether justice perceptions formed in one context (i.e. the agency or the client) relate to work behaviors in another context (i.e. the client or the agency). To provide a balanced perspective, it seeks to examine both organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs) and counterproductive workplace behaviors (CWBs). It also aims to understand how workers' “volition” or their attitudes towards temporary employment would affect their behaviors.Design/methodology/approach – To test the hypotheses, 157 temporary agency workers were surveyed; these data were analyzed with structural equation modeling (SEM). To ensure that the measures were appropriate for the context of temporary agency employment, a two‐stage pretest was conducted.Findings – The results suggest that temporary agency worker perceptions of interpersonal justice from their agencies and their client organizations “spillover” and are indeed related to their OCBs and CWBs in both contexts. Furthermore, th.
Worker reproduction in the ant Formica fusca

We studied the kin conflict over male parentage in the ant Formica fusca. The conflict arises because each worker and queen is most related to her own sons and is thus predicted to lay eggs. Microsatellite analysis of eggs revealed that workers laid eggs in more than half the queenright experimental nests. Nevertheless, almost exclusively diploid offspring were reared in the presence of a queen. This also occurred when worker‐laid haploid male eggs were experimentally introduced in to the nests. Because our experimental setup allowed us to exclude the possibility of queen policing, we conclude that worker laid eggs are removed by other workers, either as a response to their parentage or gender. Our results suggest that worker reproduction in F. fusca is ultimately an interplay of conflicts over male parentage and sex allocation and that both worker and self policing have roles as proximate mechanisms of resolution.
Added Value of High-Resolution MR Imaging in the Diagnosis of Vertebral Artery Dissection

BACKROUND AND PURPOSE: The optimal imaging method for the diagnosis of VAD remains undefined. Our aim was to evaluate the added value of HR-MR imaging for the diagnosis of VAD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively extracted 35 consecutive patients suspected of having acute VAD who had the following: 1) a focal lumen abnormality of the VA on CE-MRA, 2) HR-MR imaging during the initial hospital stay, and 3) clinical and imaging follow-up within 6 months. Two neurologists classified patients as either VAD (group A) or non-VAD (group B) by reviewing all the available data at hospital discharge, except HR-MR imaging data. On HR-MR imaging, 2 radiologists searched for signs of acute VAD. The 2 classifications were compared. In case of discordance, CE-MRA follow-up and axial fat-suppressed T1WI, used to obtain supportive evidence for or against VAD, were considered as the standard of reference. RESULTS: In 4/18 patients in group A, HR-MR imaging did not demonstrate any signs of acute VAD and perivertebral signal-intensity changes were attributed to venous plexus, with an unchanged lumen on follow-up. In 4/17 patients in group B, HR-MRI demonstrated a mural hematoma, with lumen normalization on follow-up CE-MRA. CONCLUSIONS: Our results encourage the use of HR-MR imaging as a second-line diagnostic tool in the event of suspicion of acute VAD and doubtful findings on standard imaging.
[Evaluation of soluble platelet cell adhesion molecule sPECAM-1 and chemokine MCP-1 (CCL2) concentration in CSF of patients with tick-borne encephalitis].

UNLABELLED Platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1) is a glycoprotein involved in the transendothelial migration of leukocytes and MCP-1 is a proinflammatory protein, member of the 1 subfamily of chemokines, acting as activator of specific leukocytes. The expression of PECAM-1 and MCP-1 was studied in various pathological processes, but very little is known about the significance of these molecules during inflammatory reaction in viral diseases of the nervous system, including tick-borne encephalitis. MATERIAL AND METHODS Cerebrospinal fluid was obtained from 17 patients with TBE, treated at the Department of Infection Diseases in Białystok. The level of sPECAM-1 and MCP-1 was evaluated by the ELISA method. The control group consisted of 18 patients in which the battery of tests, including CSF study, has excluded the organic character of the neurological syndrome. The U- Mann-Whitney test was applied to establish the statistical significance of the results. RESULTS The concentration of sPECAM-l and MCP-1 in cerebrospinal fluid of TBE patients was significantly increased in comparison with the. control group. CONCLUSIONS Elevated concentration of sPECAM-1 and MCP-1 may be a result of increased release from endothelical cells, activated T-cells, platelets and monocytes. Increased expression of sPECAM-1 is the significant but unspecific event in immunological processes in inflammatory reaction in TBE. The increased concentration of MCP-1 seems to be an essential event in the pathomechanism of inflammation in the central nervous system in TBE. It would be valuable in clinical conditions to search for the methods of inhibition of the increased expression of sPECAM-1 and MCP-1 in TBE to diminish the inflammatory reaction.