Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seasonality of Rotavirus in South Asia: A Meta-Analysis Approach Assessing Associations with Temperature, Precipitation, and Vegetation Index

Background Rotavirus infection causes a significant proportion of diarrhea in infants and young children worldwide leading to dehydration, hospitalization, and in some cases death. Rotavirus infection represents a significant burden of disease in developing countries, such as those in South Asia. Methods We conducted a meta-analysis to examine how patterns of rotavirus infection relate to temperature and precipitation in South Asia. Monthly rotavirus data were abstracted from 39 published epidemiological studies and related to monthly aggregated ambient temperature and cumulative precipitation for each study location using linear mixed-effects models. We also considered associations with vegetation index, gathered from remote sensing data. Finally, we assessed whether the relationship varied in tropical climates and humid mid-latitude climates. Results Overall, as well as in tropical and humid mid-latitude climates, low temperature and precipitation levels are significant predictors of an increased rate of rotaviral diarrhea. A 1°C decrease in monthly ambient temperature and a decrease of 10 mm in precipitation are associated with 1.3% and 0.3% increase above the annual level in rotavirus infections, respectively. When assessing lagged relationships, temperature and precipitation in the previous month remained significant predictors and the association with temperature was stronger in the tropical climate. The same association was seen for vegetation index; a seasonal decline of 0.1 units results in a 3.8% increase in rate of rotavirus. Conclusions In South Asia the highest rate of rotavirus was seen in the colder, drier months. Meteorological characteristics can be used to better focus and target public health prevention programs.
Exponential quantum speed-ups are generic

A central problem in quantum computation is to understand which quantum circuits are useful for exponential speed-ups over classical computation. We address this question in the setting of query complexity and show that for almost any sufficiently long quantum circuit one can construct a black-box problem which is solved by the circuit with a constant number of quantum queries, but which requires exponentially many classical queries, even if the classical machine has the ability to postselect. We prove the result in two steps. In the first, we show that almost any element of an approximate unitary 3-design is useful to solve a certain black-box problem efficiently. The problem is based on a recent oracle construction of Aaronson and gives an exponential separation between quantum and classical post-selected bounded-error query complexities. In the second step, which may be of independent interest, we prove that linear-sized random quantum circuits give an approximate unitary 3-design. The key ingredient in the proof is a technique from quantum many-body theory to lower bound the spectral gap of local quantum Hamiltonians.
The Effect of Mental Factors on People’s Acceptance of Electronic Medical Recordin China

Compared with the traditional health service, electronic medical record (EMR) has distinct advantages, promising future in the 21st century. But until now, application of EMR in China can neither satisfy people’s demand nor follow the world pace. What are the factors influence people’s acceptance of EMR in China? Based on the Uniﬁed Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) , we construct a conceptual model to analyze the effect of mental factors.
Quantum theory and consciousness : an overview with selected examples

It is widely accepted that consciousness or, in other words, mental activity is in some way correlated to the behavior of the brain or, in other words, material brain activity. Since quantum theory is the most fundamental theory of matter that is currently available, it is a legitimate question to ask whether quantum theory can help us to understand consciousness. Several approaches answering this question affirmatively, proposed in recent decades, will be surveyed. It will be pointed out that they make different epistemological assumptions, refer to different neurophysiological levels of description, and adopt quantum theory in different ways. For each of the approaches discussed, these imply both problematic and promising features which will be indicated.
On the Dominating Set Polytope of a Cycle

A subset of vertices of a graph is called a dominating set if every vertex of the graph which is not present in the set has at least one neighbour in it. Dominating set polytope of a graph is defined as the convex hull of 0/1-incidence vectors of all the dominating sets of the graph. This paper presents complete characterization of the dominating set polytope of a cycle.
Reliability of power cycling for IGBT power semiconductor modules

Power cycling capability is one of the most important reliability items in application semiconductor modules. This paper describes the mechanism of power cycling by analysis of the structure of lead-based solder and joint failure due to fatigue was studied to ascertain improvement in the power cycling lifetime. Lead-based solder has a relatively weaker yield-strength which means that plastic deformation leads to deterioration. Therefore, tin-silver based solder was selected as a higher yield-strength material, and a new composition which has both excellent mechanical properties and wettability was developed. Concerning the failure mechanism of power cycling for this newly developed solder material, solder joint failure and aluminum wire bond failure were clearly distinguished, and the lifetime prediction curve was clarified by FEM analysis and detailed failure analysis. Furthermore, it was proved that the deterioration of new tin-silver based solder is caused by thermal fatigue with the grain growth of tin. Thus, longer power cycling capability is achieved by using this newly developed solder instead of conventional lead-based solder.
Commercial Research and Educational Use including without Limitation Use in Instruction at Your Institution, Sending It to Specific Colleagues Who You Know, and Providing a Copy to Your Institution's Administrator. All Other Uses, Reproduction and Distribution, including without Limitation Commercia

Whatever the eventual neuroprotective approach taken in humans, be it growth factor-related or not, preserving the brain of the epileptic patient is a promising strategy for maintaining normal functioning. The success of neuroprotective approaches could lead to a substantial enhancement in the quality of life of epileptic patients. Acknowledgements I thank my many collaborators and students for thought-provoking discussions which have shaped my thinking about seizure neuroprotection. I am especially indebted to my colleagues Drs. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) transgenic mice exhibit passive avoidance deficits, increased seizure severity, and in vitro hyperexcitability in the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex. Depression of synaptic transmission by vascular endothelial growth factor in adult rat hippocampus and evidence for increased efficacy after chronic seizures. endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is upregulated after status epilepticus and serves a neuroprotective role. Neuroscience 151(1): 232–241. Ozkara C, Hanog ˘ lu L, Keskinkiliç C, et al. (2004) Memory in patients with drug-responsive mesial temporal lobe epilepsy and hippocampal sclerosis. protein is increased in adult rat hippocampus after a kainic acid induced excitotoxic insult but exogenous BDNF is not neuroprotective. Hyperexcitability in combined entorhinal/ hippocampal slices of adult rat after exposure to brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Neuroprotection of adenoviral-vector-mediated GDNF expression against kainic-acid-induced excitotoxicity in the rat hippocampus. Introduction Elucidating the cellular and molecular mechanisms of epi-leptogenesis could lead to novel therapeutic approaches aimed at the prevention or management of the disease. The discovery that limbic seizures increase nerve growth factor (NGF) mRNA levels led to the idea that seizure-induced expression of neurotrophic factors might contribute to the lasting structural and functional changes underlying epileptogenesis. Similarly, increases in neuro-trophin expression that follow other insults (e.g., ischemia and traumatic brain injury) could also contribute to epi-leptogenesis. In the past decade, there has been an exciting confluence of in vitro and in vivo findings that strongly implicate the neurotrophin, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), in particular, limbic circuits involved in the cascade of electrophysiological and behavioral changes underlying the development of the epileptic state. In particular, seizure activity increases the expression of BDNF mRNA and protein, and interfering with BDNF signal transduction inhibits the development of the epileptic state in vivo. The purpose of this article is to summarize the evidence regarding a role of BDNF in epileptogenesis, and to examine the implications of BDNF's involvement in epileptogenesis for new therapeutic targets.
A Tough Act to Follow: Contrast Effects in Financial Markets

A contrast effect occurs when the value of a previously-observed signal inversely biases perception of the next signal. We present the first evidence that contrast effects can distort prices in sophisticated and liquid markets. Investors mistakenly perceive earnings news today as more impressive if yesterday’s earnings surprise was bad and less impressive if yesterday’s surprise was good. A unique advantage of our financial setting is that we can identify contrast effects as an error in perceptions rather than expectations. Finally, we show that our results cannot be explained by a key alternative explanation involving information transmission from previous earnings announcements.
Measuring the information content of customer foreign exchange orders

This paper investigates whether customer order flow conveys information about future foreign exchange (FX) prices. We use a unique data set from a leading Australian commercial bank that records every FX trade made by the bank in the spot Australian dollar/US dollar market between 2005 and 2010. We find little evidence in support of a cointegrating relation or a statistically significant correlation between customer order flow and FX returns. However, consistent with the liquidity provision role of non-financial customers in Evans and Lyons ((2002) Order flow and exchange rate dynamics. Journal of Political Economy 110: 170–180), we find a statistically significant negative correlation between order flow from the diversified economic sector and FX returns. A dynamic analysis suggests that order flow has little or no price impact on FX returns. These results suggest that the non-financial customer order flow of a commercial bank does not carry information about FX prices.
The Effectiveness of Addiction Prevention Training Program of Turkey on Improved Acquisition of Knowledge and Emotional Awareness about Addiction

To cite this article: Büyüköztürk, Ş. , Yılmaz, S. , Özbay, Y. , Eşici, H. , Tomar, İ. H. , Aliyev, R. , Yıldırım Hoş, H. Akyılmaz F. D. (2019). The effectiveness of Addiction Prevention Training Program of Turkey on improved acquisition of knowledge and emotional awareness about addiction. Addicta: The Turkish Journal on Addictions, 6, 115−131. http://dx.doi. org/10.15805/addicta.2019. 6.1. 0005 * The preparation of this paper was supported by Addiction Prevention Training Program of Turkey. 1 Correspondence to: Şener Büyüköztürk (PhD), Faculty of Education, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep Turkey. Email: sener.buyukozturk@hku.edu. tr 2 Turkish Green Crescent Society, Istanbul Turkey. Email: savas.yilmaz@yesilay.org. tr 3 Faculty of Education, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep Turkey. Email: yasar.ozbay@hku.edu. tr 4 Faculty of Education, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep Turkey. Email: yasar.ozbay@hku.edu. tr 5 Faculty of Education, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep Turkey. Email: ismail.tomar@hku.edu. tr & ihtomar@gmail.com 6 Faculty of Education, Hasan Kalyoncu University, Gaziantep Turkey. Email: ramin.aliyev@hku.edu. tr 7 Faculty of Education, İstanbul Medeniyet University, İstanbul Turkey. Email: halime.yldrm@gmail.com 8 Faculty of Gazi Education, Gazi University, Ankara Turkey. Email: ssnfrh@gmail.com 9 Faculty of Letters, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı Turkey. Email: menekseuysal@gazi.edu. tr 10 Faculty of Gazi Education, Gazi University, Ankara Turkey. Email: gorkemceyhan@gazi.edu. tr 11 Turkish Green Crescent Society, Istanbul Turkey. Email: derya.akyilmaz@yesilay.org. tr Abstract
Structural Features of Cursive Arabic Script

We present a technique for extracting structural features from cursive Arabic script. After preprocessing, the skeleton of the binary word image is decomposed into a number of segments in a certain order. Each segment is transformed into a feature vector. The target features are the curvature of the segment, its length relative to other segment lengths of the same word, the position of the segment relative to the centroid of the skeleton, and detailed description of curved segments. The result of this method is used to train the Hidden Markov Model to perform the recognition.
Equity in the provision of palliative care in the UK: review of evidence

and Political Science is a leading social care research group. Since its establishment in 1974 at the University of Kent, PSSRU has had considerable impact on national social care and mental health policy and practice in the UK and in a number of other countries. This report presents an independent review commissioned by Marie Curie. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and not necessarily those of the funder. was commissioned by Marie Curie to explore the evidence on equity in palliative care and to consider the economic implications of extending palliative care to those currently under-served. This report presents the findings from a wide-ranging and comprehensive review of research literature and nationally available data, and new multivariate analyses of data from the National Survey of Bereaved People in England, 2013. Palliative care aims to ensure the best possible quality of life for people in advanced illness and at end of life, and for their families, by actively managing pain and other symptoms and providing psychological, social and spiritual support. Palliative care may be delivered by specially trained, multidisciplinary specialists teams or by generalist providers such as GPs, district nurses, hospital doctors and nurses, allied health professionals, care home staff, social care staff, social workers, chaplains and others, who have not received accredited training in palliative care but routinely care for people with advanced illness or at end of life. Modern palliative care began with the hospice movement, although the initial focus on providing care to cancer patients and reliance on charitable funding meant that provision was thinly and inequitably spread. Despite steps to extend specialist palliative care, inequities in provision have persisted. The importance of addressing these inequities is recognised in national end of life care the need for palliative care is fast increasing as the population ages, particularly amongst those with non-cancer diagnoses, with the numbers of people aged 85 or over, for example, expected to more than double by 2037 in all four UK countries. We found important differences in data availability in each of the four UK countries. The National Survey of Bereaved People in England contributed a considerable amount of the evidence used in our review and is a rich source of representative data on access to, and experiences of, end of life and palliative care. However, no similar survey is undertaken in Wales, Northern Ireland or Scotland, leading to gaps …
Aberrant Chemokine Receptor Expression and Chemokine Production by Langerhans Cells Underlies the Pathogenesis of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is characterized by a clonal proliferation and retention of cells with a Langerhans cell (LC)-like phenotype at various sites within the body. The present study set out to elucidate whether aberrant expression of chemokine receptors or dysregulation of chemokine production in LCH lesions could explain abnormal retention of these cells. Immunohistochemical analysis on 13 LCH biopsies of bone, skin, and lymph node all expressed the immature dendritic cell (DC) marker CCR6 on the lesional LCs and absence of the mature DC marker CCR7. Furthermore, regardless of the tissue site, LCH lesions markedly overexpressed CCL20/MIP-3α, the ligand for CCR6. The lesional LCs appeared to be the source of this CCL20/MIP-3α production as well as other inflammatory chemokines such as CCL5/RANTES and CXCL11/I-TAC. These may explain the recruitment of eosinophils and CD4+CD45RO+ T cells commonly found in LCH lesions. The findings of this study emphasize that, despite abundant TNF-α, lesional LCs remain in an immature state and are induced to produce chemokines, which via autocrine and paracrine mechanisms cause not only the retention of the lesional LCs but also the recruitment and retention of other lesional cells. We postulate that the lesional LCs themselves control the persistence and progression of LCH.
Case-Based Reasoning Integrations

This article presents an overview and survey of current work in case-based reasoning (CBR) integrations. There has been a recent upsurge in the integration of CBR with other reasoning modalities and computing paradigms, especially rule-based reasoning (RBR) and constraint-satisfaction problem (CSP) solving. CBR integrations with model-based reasoning (MBR), genetic algorithms, and information retrieval are also discussed. This article characterizes the types of multimodal reasoning integrations where CBR can play a role, identifies the types of roles that CBR components can fulfill, and provides examples of integrated CBR systems. Past progress, current trends, and issues for future research are discussed.
Regenerative Response in Ischemic Brain Restricted by p21cip1/waf1

Neural precursor cells from adults have exceptional proliferative and differentiative capability in vitro yet respond minimally to in vivo brain injury due to constraining mechanisms that are poorly defined. We assessed whether cell cycle inhibitors that restrict stem cell populations in other tissues may participate in limiting neural stem cell reactivity in vivo. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21cip1/waf1 (p21), maintains hematopoietic stem cell quiescence, and we evaluated its role in the regenerative response of neural tissue after ischemic injury using the mice deficient in p21. Although steady-state conditions revealed no increase in primitive cell proliferation in p21-null mice, a significantly larger fraction of quiescent neural precursors was activated in the hippocampus and subventricular zone after brain ischemia. The hippocampal precursors migrated and differentiated into a higher number of neurons after injury. Therefore, p21 is an intrinsic suppressor to neural regeneration after brain injury and may serve as a common molecular regulator restricting proliferation among stem cell pools from distinct tissue types.
High-power digital envelope modulator for a polar transmitter in 65nm CMOS

In this paper, an 8-bit envelope modulator as part of a digital polar transmitter for Bluetooth and WLAN is demonstrated. The modulator performs digital-to-analog conversion, up-mixing and power amplification, allowing for an area-efficient, fully-integrated transmitter architecture. The circuit delivers 24.8 dBm peak-power and 16.7 dBm WLAN OFDM power with a mean EVM of 2.7% at 2 GHz. The measured peak-power drain efficiency is 51% while the efficiency for OFDM is 24%. In Bluetooth EDR mode a 19.7 dBm signal with 5%-rms, 13%-peak EVM, and 26% drain efficiency has been measured. The circuit is fabricated in CMOS 65 nm with 50 Aring thick-oxide devices and 2.5 V power supply.
Exacerbation of Glycoprotein VI-Dependent Platelet Responses in a Rhesus Monkey Model of Type 1 Diabetes

Thrombosis is a life-threatening complication of diabetes. Platelet reactivity is crucial to thrombus formation, particularly in arterial vessels and in thrombotic complications causing myocardial infarction or ischaemic stroke, but diabetic patients often respond poorly to current antiplatelet medication. In this study, we used a nonhuman primate model of Type 1 diabetes to measure early downstream signalling events following engagement of the major platelet collagen receptor, glycoprotein (GP)VI. Diabetic monkeys were given enough insulin to maintain their blood glucose levels either at ~8 mM (well-controlled diabetes) or ~15 mM (poorly controlled diabetes). Flow cytometric analysis was used to measure platelet reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, calcium mobilisation, receptor surface expression, and immature platelet fraction. We observed exacerbated intracellular ROS and calcium flux associated with engagement of GPVI in monkeys with poorly controlled diabetes. GPVI surface levels did not differ between healthy monkeys or the two diabetic groups. Treatment of platelets with the specific Syk inhibitor BAY61-3606 inhibited GPVI-dependent ROS and, importantly, reduced ROS generation in the poorly controlled diabetes group to that observed in healthy monkeys. These data indicate that glycaemic control is important in reducing GPVI-dependent platelet hyperreactivity and point to a potential antithrombotic therapeutic benefit of Syk inhibition in hyperglycaemic diabetes.
Efficacy of multimodal, systematic non-surgical treatment of knee osteoarthritis for patients not eligible for a total knee replacement: a study protocol of a randomised controlled trial

Introduction It is recommended that non-operative treatment of knee osteoarthritis (KOA) should be individually tailored and include multiple treatment modalities. Despite these recommendations, no one has yet investigated the efficacy of combining several non-surgical treatment modalities in a randomised controlled study. The purpose of this randomised controlled study is to examine if an optimised, combined non-surgical treatment programme results in greater improvements in pain, function and quality of life in comparison with usual care in patients with KOA who are not eligible for total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Methods and analysis This study will include 100 consecutive patients from the North Denmark Region not eligible for TKA with radiographic KOA (K-L grade ≥1) and mean pain during the previous week of ≤60 mm (0–100). The participants will be randomised to receive either a 12-week non-surgical treatment programme consisting of patient education, exercise, diet, insoles, paracetamol and/or NSAIDs or usual care (two information leaflets containing information on KOA and advice regarding the above non-surgical treatment). The primary outcome will be the change from baseline to 12 months on the self-report questionnaire Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS)4 defined as the average score for the subscale scores for pain, symptoms, activities of daily living and quality of life. Secondary outcomes include the five individual KOOS subscale scores, pain on a 100 mm Visual Analogue Scale, EQ-5D, self-efficacy, pain pressure thresholds, postural control and isometric knee flexion and knee extension strength. Ethics and dissemination This study was approved by the local Ethics Committee of The North Denmark Region (N-20110085) and the protocol conforms to the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Data collection will be completed by April 2014. Publications will be ready for submission in the summer of 2014. Trial registration number This study is registered with http://clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01535001).