Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gaussian fluctuations for linear spectral statistics of deformed Wigner matrices

We consider large-dimensional Hermitian or symmetric random matrices of the form [Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] is a Wigner matrix and [Formula: see text] is a real diagonal matrix whose entries are independent of [Formula: see text]. For a large class of diagonal matrices [Formula: see text], we prove that the fluctuations of linear spectral statistics of [Formula: see text] for [Formula: see text] test function can be decomposed into that of [Formula: see text] and of [Formula: see text], and that each of those weakly converges to a Gaussian distribution. We also calculate the formulae for the means and variances of the limiting distributions.
Combination dabrafenib and trametinib in the management of advanced melanoma with BRAFV600 mutations

ABSTRACT Introduction: In the 40–50% of advanced melanoma patients with tumors harboring BRAF V600E and V600 K mutations, BRAF inhibitors such as dabrafenib are a highly effective treatment. However, most patients develop resistance after several months on treatment. The addition of a MEK inhibitor, such as trametinib, to BRAF inhibition mitigates one key pathway of resistance, further increasing response rates and improving survival. Areas covered: This article summarizes the mechanism of action of the combination of dabrafenib and trametinib, its evolution through Phase I, II and III clinical trials and discusses its current use in the management of patients with advanced melanoma. Expert opinion: Combination therapy with dabrafenib and trametinib improves response rate, progression-free survival and overall survival when compared to dabrafenib or vemurafenib alone. The addition of trametinib to dabrafenib changes the adverse event profile, making hyperkeratosis and cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas less common but side effects such as fever and nausea more common. How dabrafenib/trametinib is best sequenced with other effective treatments such as immune checkpoint blockade remains uncertain.
The optical identification of a primeval galaxy atz ≳4.4

We have obtained with the SUSI CCD camera on the ESO 3.5m NTT deep images in the BVRI bands of the field centered on the QSO BRI 1202-0725 ($z_{\it em}=4.694$). In the final combined frames the stellar images have FWHM of 1,1,0.6 and 0.65 arcsec respectively. The R and I images show clearly a galaxy $2.2''$ from the QSO, corresponding to $13h^{-1}_{50}$ kpc at $z\sim 4.5$. Possible identification with the metal absorption systems seen in the line of sight to the QSO, including the highest redshift damped system known to date at $z=4.383$, are discussed. We conclude that its colours can be reconciled only with the spectrum of a primeval galaxy at z >~ 4.4, making it the most distant galaxy detected so far. From its magnitudes and models of young galaxy evolution we deduce that it is forming stars at a rate $\sim 30 M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$ and has an estimated age of the order of $10^8$ yr or less, implying that the bulk of the stellar population formed at $z < 6$.
MECHANISMS OF RECOVERY FROM A GENERALIZED VIRAL INFECTION: MOUSEPOX

Histological and immunofluorescence techniques showed that mononuclear cells invaded virus-infected foci in the livers of passively immunized mice within 10 hr of the receipt of immune spleen cells or hyperimmune serum; by 24 hr, marked destruction of virus antigens had occurred in these lesions. Immune cell transfer promoted denser packing of mononuclear cells in the foci and more efficient destruction of infectious material than immune serum. Similar liver lesions developed by the 6th day after sublethal, primary, subcutaneous infection in normal mice. In contrast, in mice with GVHR which were immunosuppressed but possessed hyperactive macrophages and unimpaired splenic interferon response, mononuclear cells did not invade liver lesions and the animals died. These results, together with data reported previously, indicated that mononuclear cell invasion of infected liver foci, triggered by CMI, was of key importance in recovery from primary mousepox. The roles of specifically sensitized lymphocytes and macrophages within lesions were not directly evaluated, but indirect evidence suggested that lymphocytes could cause no more than a halt in virus multiplication, and that macrophages were required for the inactivation of preformed virions. Possible augmentation of the efficiency of macrophages by locally-produced lymphocyte interferon, neutralizing antibody, or stimulation of their phagocytic and intracellular digestive capacity cannot be excluded.
Does the extent of axonal loss and demyelination from chronic lesions in multiple sclerosis correlate with the clinical subgroup?

OBJECTIVE To determine non-invasively the relation between the degree of axonal loss and the extent of demyelination in chronic lesions visible on MRI in patients with different subgroups of clinically definite multiple sclerosis using 1H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H MRS) and magnetisation transfer imaging (MT). Conventional MRI is unable to differentiate between the various pathological processes occurring in the multiple sclerosis lesion. There are, however, newer MR techniques which show promise in this respect. METHODS 1H MRS and MT were performed in 18 patients with clinically definite multiple sclerosis who had a wide range of disability and disease duration. RESULTS A significant correlation was found between a reduction in the concentration of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA; an in vivo marker of axonal loss or dysfunction) and a reduction in MT ratio (a probable marker of demyelination) in patients who had entered the secondary progressive stage of the disease. Patients with minimal disability after a disease duration of greater than 10 years—so called benign multiple sclerosis—showed a relative preservation of NAA and MT. CONCLUSIONS Because a reduction in MT seems to be a relative marker for demyelination and a reduction of NAA from chronic lesions is indicative of axonal loss, this study supports the hypothesis that demyelination and axonal loss occur in the same chronic multiple sclerosis lesions. In addition, the degree of axonal loss and demyelination correlates with clinical heterogeneity.
A new methodology for noise sensor placement based on association rule mining

Due to near-threshold computing nowadays, voltage emergency is threatening our design margins very seriously. Noise sensors are inserted in order to prevent various integrity issues from happening during runtime. In this work, we use a new technique based on association rule mining to plan and place noise sensors. This new methodology can consider the miss rate (the probability of any node occurring voltage emergency without any detection by placed sensors) and simultaneously minimize the number of sensors utilized. The results show that our approach is very effective in converging the miss rate to zero by the least number of sensors. Compared with the state-of-the-art, we can reduce the number of sensors by half in benchmarks while the miss rate is comparable or even smaller than the prior work.
INFLUENCE OF STOCKING DENSITY ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE TRAITS, BLOOD CHEMISTRY AND THE EXPRESSION OF HSP70 AND IGF-I GENES IN NEW ZEALAND WHITE RABBITS

This research was done to mainfest the effect of stocking density on growth performance traits, blood chemistry and the expression of heat shock protein (HSP) 70 and insulin-like growth factor I ( IGF -I) genes in growing New Zealand White rabbits. A total of 75 rabbits at weaning (35 days of age) were randomly assigned into three stocking densities of 12, 20 and 28 rabbits/m 2 from weaning until 13 weeks of age. Rabbits housed at 28 rabbits/m 2 had the lowest feed intake, live body weight and body weight gain, but they had the highest feed to gain ratio when compared with the lower densities. Moreover, rabbits housed at 28 rabbits/m 2 showed the highest serum creatinine, glucose and cortisol levels compared with rabbits housed at 20 and 12 rabbits/m 2 . High stocking density up-regulated the expression of HSP 70 gene when compared with the lower densities. Meanwhile, IGF -I mRNA expression was significantly reduced in the rabbits housed at 28 rabbits/m 2 . In conclusion, high stocking densities (28 rabbit/m 2 ) had negative impacts on growth performance traits and the stress-related parameters (serum glucose, cortisol and creatinine). Moreover, the expression of HSP 70 gene was increased, with a remarkable reduction in IGF -I gene expression in the high stocking group. Key words: rabbits; growth performance; HSP 70; IGF -I; biochemical parameters
Obstacle Avoidance of an Unmanned Ground Vehicle using a Combined Approach of Model Predictive Control and Proportional Navigation

This thesis presents a new approach for the guidance and control of a UGV (Unmanned Ground Vehicle). A special focus was placed on moving obstacles that interfere with the planned path of the vehicle, this is due to the fact that the majority of obstacle avoidance research has been completed on stationary objects. An obstacle avoidance algorithm was developed using an integrated system involving Proportional Navigation (Pro-Nav) and a Nonlinear Model Predictive Controller (NMPC). An obstacle avoidance variant of the ideal proportional navigation law generates command lateral accelerations to avoid obstacles, while the NMPC is used to track the reference trajectory given by the Pro-Nav. The NMPC utilizes a lateral vehicle dynamic model along with a nonlinear tire model in order to issue control inputs. In this application an obstacle avoidance algorithm can take over the control of a vehicle until the obstacle is no longer a threat. Another application of a Pro-Nav and NMPC algorithm was tested for leader/follower situations. The performance of the leader/follower and obstacle avoidance algorithm is evaluated through different simulations. Simulation of the performance of the PNCAG and NMPC algorithm was conducted using two different simulation environments; MATLAB and Simulink Vehicle Dynamics Blockset. The MATLAB simulation validated the algorithm showing that it could be used to accomplish obstacle avoidance. With the algorithm shown to be effective, it was placed into the Vehicle Dynamics Blockset. The Vehicle Dynamics Blockset provided a higher fidelity vehicle model to provide a more realistic simulation environment. In addition to obstacle avoidance, simulation results verified the performance of a modified version of the PNCAG and NMPC algorithm in a leader/follower scenario. The results show, the algorithm handled the leader/follower and collision avoidance with reasonable error. Overall the algorithm was
Effects of agro-activities on the soil organic carbon and soil properties in the middle reaches of Heihe river, Northwestern China

Knowledge about changes of SOC and other properties under influence of human activities in arid zone is very important for local cropland persistent management. In our study, SOC and selected soil properties had been investigated in the Linze country located in Hexi corridor, northern west China. The GIS tool was used to explain the causes resulted in SOC spatial distribution. The results indicated that the highest levels of SOC, humic acid, and fulvic acid presented in early cultivated plots, then in lately reclaimed cropland, and the lowest in desert soil. The remarkable increasing of soil CEC and clay content can been seen in arable land in contrast to desert land. Our findings may suggest that agricultural practices, such as irrigation, use of manure and fertilizer, return of crop residues, etc. protect SOC from loss and improve the soil fertility in arid area studied.
Comparative analysis of the relative effectiveness of one - and two - sided communication for contra

An apparatus for the hydroautomatic sprinkling of land areas with hydrants which rise and lower which comprises a cylinder whose piston is displaceable by the water from one pipeline through either a long stroke or a short stroke depending upon the engagement of a guide with a selected groove in the piston to open a gate permitting water from this line to pass into a selected one of a group of hydrants, to drive the sprinkler upwardly and permit sprinkling. When pressure from another line is admitted to the opposite side of the cylinder the gate is closed.
A rat brain MRI template with digital stereotaxic atlas of fine anatomical delineations in paxinos space and its automated application in voxel‐wise analysis

This study constructs a rat brain T2‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging template including olfactory bulb and a compatible digital atlas. The atlas contains 624 carefully delineated brain structures based on the newest (2005) edition of rat brain atlas by Paxinos and Watson. An automated procedure, as an SPM toolbox, was introduced for spatially normalizing individual rat brains, conducting statistical analysis and visually localizing the results in the Atlas coordinate space. The brain template/atlas and the procedure were evaluated using functional images between rats with the right side middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and normal controls. The result shows that the brain region with significant signal decline in the MCAO rats was consistent with the occlusion position. Hum Brain Mapp, 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mechanism of association of adenylate cyclase toxin with the surface of Bordetella pertussis: a role for toxin–filamentous haemagglutinin interaction

Adenylate cyclase (AC) toxin from Bordetella per‐tussis is unusual in that, unlike most other members of the repeats‐in‐toxin family that are released into the extracellular milieu, it remains associated with the bacterial surface. In this study, we investigated the nature of the association of this toxin with the surface of B. pertussis. AC toxin was extracted from crude outer membrane preparations of B. pertussis with 8 M urea, but only partially with alkaline sodium carbonate and not at all with octylglucoside, suggesting that denaturation of the toxin is necessary for its removal from the membrane. B. pertussis mutants lacking filamentous haemagglutinin (FHA) released significantly more AC toxin into the medium, and AC toxin association with the bacterial surface was partially restored by expression of FHA from a plasmid, suggesting a role for FHA in surface retention of AC toxin. AC toxin distribution was unaffected by the absence of pertactin, or full‐length lipopolysaccharide, or a defect in secretion of pertussis toxin. Using overlay and immunoprecipitation, we found that a direct physical association can occur between AC toxin and FHA. Combined, these findings suggest that FHA may play a role in AC toxin retention on the surface of B. pertussis and raise the possibility of an involvement of adherence mediated by FHA in delivery of AC toxin from the bacterium to the target cell.
Using noisy RFID for accurately monitoring the assembly line of panel fabrication

Over the past few years, the interest towards off-site construction as part of project delivery for residential and commercial buildings has increased dramatically. In this regard, buildings are decomposed into panels that are manufactured using assembly lines smilar to what was developped to the automotive industry. However, because these serial production systems do not have buffers that could store intermediate products when a bottleneck occurs downstream, it often happens that these products are required to wait at the current workstation before production can resume. In this contribution, we develop algorithms allowing the waiting times to be extracted from timestamps that are collected from an RFID system reading the tags on panels as they enter each workstation.
Effect of Body Mass Index on Global DNA Methylation in Healthy Korean Women

Obesity is known to be strongly associated with cardiovascular disease and cancer, the leading causes of mortality worldwide, and develops owing to interactions between genes and the environment. DNA methylation can act as a downstream effector of environmental signals, and analysis of this process therefore holds substantial promise for identifying mechanisms through which genetic and environmental factors jointly contribute to disease risk. Global DNA methylation of peripheral blood cells has recently been proposed as a potential biomarker for disease risk. Repetitive element DNA methylation has been shown to be associated with prominent obesity-related chronic diseases, but little is known about its relationship with weight status. In this study, we quantified the methylation of Alu elements in the peripheral blood DNA of 244 healthy women with a range of body mass indexes (BMIs) using pyrosequencing technology. Among the study participants, certain clinical laboratory parameters, including hemoglobin, serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels were found to be strongly associated with BMI. Moreover, a U-shaped association between BMI and Alu methylation was observed, with the lowest methylation levels occurring at BMIs of between 23 and 30 kg/m2. However, there was no significant association between Alu methylation and age, smoking status, or alcohol consumption. Overall, we identified a differential influence of BMI on global DNA methylation in healthy Korean women, indicating that BMI-related changes in Alu methylation might play a complex role in the etiology and pathogenesis of obesity. Further studies are required to elucidate the mechanisms underlying this relationship.
School restrictions on outdoor activities and weight status in adolescent children after Japan’s 2011 Fukushima Nuclear Power Plant disaster: a mid-term to long-term retrospective analysis

Objective Radiation fears following Japan's 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster affected levels of physical activity in local children. We assessed the postdisaster versus predisaster weight status in school children and evaluated to what extent school restrictions on outdoor activities that were intended to reduce radiation exposure risk affected child weight. Participants We considered children aged 13–15 years from 4 of the 5 secondary schools in Soma City (n=1030, 99.1% of all children in the city), located in 35–50 km from the Fukushima nuclear plant, postdisaster (2012 and 2015) and predisaster (2010). Methods Weight status, in terms of body mass index (BMI), percentage of overweight (POW) and incidence of obesity and underweight (defined as a POW ≥20% and ≤−20%, respectively) were examined and compared predisaster and postdisaster using regression models. We also constructed models to assess the impact of school restrictions on outdoor activity on weight status. Results After adjustment for covariates, a slight decrease in mean BMI and POW was detected in females in 2012 (−0.37, 95% CI −0.68 to −0.06; and −1.97, 95% CI −3.57 to −0.36, respectively). For male children, obesity incidence increased in 2012 (OR for obesity: 1.45, 95% CI 1.02 to 2.08). Compared with predisaster weight status, no significant weight change was identified in 2015 in either males or females. School restrictions on outdoor activities were not significantly associated with weight status. Conclusions 4 years following the disaster, weight status has recovered to the predisaster levels for males and females; however, a slight decrease in weight in females and a slight increase in risk of obesity were observed in males 1 year following the disaster. Our findings could be used to guide actions taken during the early phase of a radiological disaster to manage the postdisaster health risks in adolescent children.
Acoustic theory of the many-bladed contra-rotating propeller: analysis of the effects of blade sweep on wake interaction noise

An analytical model is presented for the wake interaction tones produced by a contra-rotating propeller. We re-cast the usual far-field radiation formulae as a double integral over a nominal propeller source annulus. Assuming that the number of blades on both propellers is large, we evaluate the integral asymptotically in terms of its leading-order contributions from interior stationary or boundary critical points which represent the specific locations on the propeller annulus that dominate the sound radiation. The asymptotic approach is powerful producing results in the form of one-line algebraic formulae that contain no integrals or special functions yet remain accurate. The asymptotics show that sweep is not necessarily beneficial and can cause the blade design to become critical for particular tones and directions in terms of a continuum of interior points distributed along a line on the propeller source annulus producing a higher-order result and thus an enhanced radiated sound field. The paper also shows how the interior points are completely consistent with the sub- or super-critical gust response of a swept blade. Tones with low and zero azimuthal mode order are treated as special cases and the asymptotics show that, as the mode order reduces, the radiated sound becomes concentrated around the flight axis where even higher-order solutions are possible, including rings and annuli of stationary points around the propeller annulus. Full numerical calculations confirm the accuracy of the asymptotic approach.
General Conversion for Obtaining Strongly Existentially Unforgeable Signatures

We say that a signature scheme is strongly existentially unforgeable if no adversary, given message/signature pairs adaptively, can generate a new signature on either a signature on a new message or a new signature on a previously signed message. Strongly existentially unforgeable signature schemes are used to construct many applications, such as an IND-CCA2 secure public-key encryption scheme and a group signature scheme. We propose two general and efficient conversions, both of which transform a secure signature scheme to a strongly existentially unforgeable signature scheme. There is a tradeoff between the two conversions. The first conversion requires the random oracle, but the signature scheme transformed by the first conversion has shorter signature length than the scheme transformed by the second conversion. The second conversion does not require the random oracle. Therefore, if the original signature scheme is of the standard model, the strongly existentially unforgeable property of the converted signature scheme is proved also in the standard model. Both conversions ensure tight security reduction to the underlying security assumptions. Moreover, the transformed schemes by the first or second conversion satisfy the on-line/off-line property. That is, signers can precompute almost all operations on the signing before they are given a message.
THE ORIGIN OF COLOR GRADIENTS IN EARLY-TYPE SYSTEMS AND THEIR COMPACTNESS AT HIGH-z

In this Letter, we present mean optical+NIR color gradient estimates for 5080 early-type galaxies (ETGs) in the grizY JHK wavebands of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey plus the UKIRT Infrared Deep Sky Survey. The color gradient is estimated as the logarithmic slope of the radial color profile in ETGs. With such a large sample size, we study the variation of the mean color gradient as a function of waveband with unprecedented accuracy. We find that (1) color gradients are mainly due, on average, to a metallicity variation of about –0.4 dex per decade in galaxy radius; and (2) a small, but significant, positive age gradient is present, on average, in ETGs, with the inner stellar population being slightly younger, by ~0.1 dex per radial decade, than the outer one. Also, we show that the presence of a positive mean age gradient in ETGs, as found in the present study, implies their effective radius to be smaller at high-z, consistent with observations.