Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting User Demographics , Emotions and Opinions in Social Networks

Social networks are virtual environments where people express their thoughts, emotions, and opinions. We analyze a large sample of 123,000 Twitter users and 25 million tweets to investigate the relation between user emotions and predicted demographics. Our methodology is based on building machine learning models to predict emotions and demographic profiles from user content. We report novel demographic-affect correlations and its implications on online self-disclosure. AUDIENCE [Natural Language Processing] [Machine Learning] [Social Network Analysis] [Opinion Mining] [Emotion Detection] [Demographic Classification] [Advanced Technical Talk] INTRODUCTION Twitter and Facebook are prominent social networks, used regularly by over 1/7th of the world's population. Researchers used the massive volumes of data to study how users present themselves and the language they use [1], showing how to predict user psycho-demographic profiles [2,3], user emotions [4], and well-being. This study analyzes user communications in a social network on a large scale— 25 million tweets, 123,513 user profiles—examining a range of automatically detected emotions, opinions, and a variety of demographic traits. This work can help social network users to understand how others may perceive them based on how they communicate in social media, in addition to its evident applications in online sales and marketing, targeted advertising, large-scale polling, and healthcare analytics. DATA Focusing on Twitter, we use crowdsourcing to get demographic labels for a sample of U = 5,000 users (Table 1), and train machine learning classifiers to predict these demographic traits from the textual content generated by these users. We then apply attribute classifiers to get labels for a much larger sample of U = 123,513 users. We use a similar method for labeling emotions expressed in user text. We train an emotion classifier on an initial sample of TE = 52,925 tweets, then use the classifier to get emotion labels for a much larger sample of T = 24,919,528 tweets. However, rather than obtaining emotion tags for the initial sample through crowdsourcing, we use tweets annotated with emotional hashtags such as #disgust or #anger, identifying a specific emotion. To perform a reliable analysis of the differences in emotion expressed by different user groups, our demographic and emotion predictions must be highly accurate. We report that our models for emotion and demographic classification outperform the existing state-of-the-art systems. Our high-level methodology is shown in Figure 1. Figure 1. Our approach for predicting user demographics, emotions, and opinions in social media. Attribute Binary Attribute Values Gender Male: 2,124, Female: 2,874 Age Below 25: 2,511, Above 25: 1,372 Ethnicity Afr. Amer. : 1,705, Caucasian: 2,409 Education High school: 3,423, Degree: 1,575 Income <$35K: 3,324, >$35K: 1,675 Children Yes: 797, No: 4203 Optimism Pessimist: 907, Optimist: 2,655 Life Satisfaction Dissatisfied: 840, Satisfied: 2,949 Table 1. Profile annotations collected via crowdsourcing.
GoldMine: Automatic assertion generation using data mining and static analysis

We present GOLDMINE, a methodology for generating assertions automatically. Our method involves a combination of data mining and static analysis of the Register Transfer Level (RTL) design. We present results of using GoldMine for assertion generation of the RTL of a 1000-core processor design that is still in an evolving stage. Our results show that GoldMine can generate complex, high coverage assertions in RTL, thereby minimizing human effort in this process.
Timeline-ased Space Operations Scheduling with External Constraints

We describe a timeline-based scheduling algorithm developed for mission operations of the EO-1 earth observing satellite. We first describe the range of operational constraints for operations focusing on maneuver and thermal constraints that cannot be modeled in typical planner/schedulers. We then describe a greedy heuristic scheduling algorithm and compare its performance to both the prior scheduling algorithm documenting an over 50% increase in scenes scheduled with estimated value of millions of dollars US. We also compare to a relaxed optimal scheduler showing that the greedy scheduler produces schedules with scene count within 15% of an upper bound on optimal schedules.
Supportive communication from bystanders of cyberbullying: indirect effects and interactions between source and message characteristics

ABSTRACT Cyberbullying is an increasingly common experience that produces psychosocial consequences for targets. Interventions encouraging bystanders to support targets of cyberbullying are limited by a lack of focus on what to communicate. This study considers supportive messages that emphasize emotional comfort, attributions of responsibility, and beliefs that people can change as relevant to this context, and it examines how perceptions of messages differ based on whether support providers have or lack experience with cyberbullying. We extend research on the indirect effects model of supportive communication by randomly assigning participants (N = 304), who self-identify as targets of cyberbullying, to message and source conditions and assessing their perceptions of messages, providers, and outcomes. Impressions of messages mediate their influence on outcomes, and the experiential similarity of support providers moderates these effects. Certain messages, notably those contending that bullies can change, are less effective when delivered by sources who lack experience with bullying.
CCR5 promoter alleles and specific DNA binding factors.

At least 12 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the 5′ upstream regulatory region of the human CCR5 chemokine and HIV-1 receptor gene have been described ([1–4][1]). Our recent report ([1][1]) and others ([2][2]) have shown that a common 10-SNP allele haplotype, CCR5P1 , with
The Future of Video : Challenges in Promoting Competition and Protecting Intellectual Property Testimony before the Federal Communications Commission En

Increasing capacity in network infrastructure is poised to fundamentally change the way people watch what we now call “television. ” Historically, consumers have had to make viewing choices from whatever content is currently being transmitted. Thanks to innovations ranging from Tivo to peer-to-peer networks over the Internet (P2P), it is becoming more common for consumers to collect content locally, and then choose among the content already stored. By the time network infrastructure can support sustained 5 Mb/s downloads to every video screen, each consumer could have the ability to choose from a tremendous range of HDTV-quality videos, at any time, without advance planning. In other words, more “television” content will be pulled by consumers rather than pushed to consumers, and the boundary between television and the Internet could blur.
Profil Berpikir dalam Menyelesaikan Masalah Aljabar Berpandu pada Taksonomi Solo Ditinjau dari Tingkat Efikasi Diri pada Siswa SMP Al-Azhar Palu

Salah satu faktor yang turut menentukan keberhasilan siswa dalam belajar adalah rasa percaya diri (Self efficacy). Efikasi diri dapat mempengaruhi bentuk aktivitas, tujuan dan usaha yang dilakukan siswa dalam memecahkan masalah, khususnya dalam hal berpikir. Rasa percaya diri yang berbeda akan menyebabkan kecenderungan berpikir yang berbeda pula antara satu siswa dengan siswa lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui profil berpikir dengan cara mengungkap dan mengklasifikasikan setiap kecenderungan berpikir yang ditunjukkan siswa ke dalam 4 tingkatan berpikir menurut Taksonomi SOLO (Structure of Obsrved Learning Outcomes), yaitu unistruktural, multistruktural, relasional, dan abstrak yang diperluas.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Peneliti bertindak sebagai instrumen utama yang dipandu oleh tes superitem, skala efikasi diri, dan pedoman wawancara yang valid. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui pemberian tes dan diverifikasi dengan wawancara. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VIII-C SMP Al-Azhar Palu yang terdiri dari empat orang (2 orang subjek dengan efikasi tinggi dan 2 orang subjek dengan efikasi rendah). Proses penelitian mengikuti tahap-tahap: (a) merumuskan indikator-indikator berpikir berdasarkan Taksonomi SOLO, (b) merumuskan instrumen pendukung (tes superitem, skala efikasi diri, dan pedoman wawancara) yang valid dan reliabel, (c) melakukan pengambilan subjek penelitian berdasarkan keadaan efikasi diri, (d) melakukan pengambilan data untuk mengungkap tingkatan berpikir siswa dengan tes superitem, (e) melakukan triangulasi metode untuk mendapatkan data yang valid, (f) melakukan analisis data (g) melakukan pembahasan hasil analisis data, (h) melakukan penarikan kesimpulan hasil penelitian.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: (a) subjek dengan efikasi tinggi (ET) menunjukkan kecenderungan berpikir pada tingkat abstrak yang diperluas, (b) subjek dengan efikasi rendah (ER) menunjukkan kecenderungan berpikir pada tingkat relasional, (c) subjek dengan efikasi tinggi dan rendah menunjukkan kecenderungan berpikiryang relatif sama pada tingkatunistruktural, multistruktural, dan relasional dan kecenderungan berpikir yang berbeda pada tingkat abstrak yang diperluas. Keywords: Profil Berpikir, Masalah Aljabar, Taksonomi SOLO, Efikasi Diri
Sight-reading expertise: Cross-modality integration investigated using eye tracking

It is often said that experienced musicians are capable of hearing what they read (and vice versa). This suggests that they are able to process and to integrate multimodal information. The present study investigates this issue with an eye-tracking technique. Two groups of musicians chosen on the basis of their level of expertise (experts, non-experts) had to read excerpts of poorly-known classical piano music and play them on a keyboard. The experiment was run in two consecutive phases during which each excerpt was (1) read without playing and (2) sight-read (read and played). In half the conditions, the participants heard the music before the reading phases. The excerpts contained suggested fingering of variable difficulty (difficult, easy, or no fingering). Analyses of first-pass fixation duration, second-pass fixation duration, probability of re-fixation, and playing mistakes validated the hypothesized modal independence of information among expert musicians as compared to non-experts. The results are discussed in terms of the processing cues and retrieval structures postulated by Ericsson and Kintsch (1995) in their model of expert memory.
THE ORIGIN OF THE COSMIC GAMMA-RAY BACKGROUND IN THE MeV RANGE

There has been much debate about the origin of the diffuse γ-ray background in the MeV range. At lower energies, AGNs and Seyfert galaxies can explain the background, but not above ≃0.3 MeV. Beyond ∼10 MeV blazars appear to account for the flux observed. That leaves an unexplained gap for which different candidates have been proposed, including annihilations of WIMPS. One candidate is Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia). Early studies concluded that they were able to account for the γ-ray background in the gap, while later work attributed a significantly lower contribution to them. All those estimates were based on SN Ia explosion models that did not reflect the full 3D hydrodynamics of SN Ia explosions. In addition, new measurements obtained since 2010 have provided new, direct estimates of high-z SN Ia rates beyond z ∼ 2. We take into account these new advances to see the predicted contribution to the gamma-ray background. We use here a wide variety of explosion models and a plethora of new measurements of SN Ia rates. SNe Ia still fall short of the observed background. Only for a fit, which would imply ∼150% systematic error in detecting SN Ia events, do the theoretical predictions approach the observed fluxes. This fit is, however, at odds at the highest redshifts with recent SN Ia rate estimates. Other astrophysical sources such as flat-spectrum radio quasars do match the observed flux levels in the MeV regime, while SNe Ia make up to 30%–50% of the observed flux.
Development of chorda tympani taste responses in rat

To learn whether neurophysiological taste responses change during structural development of the gustatory system, we recorded from the chorda tympani nerve in rats aged 7 to 92 days after birth. Chemical stimuli applied to the anterior tongue included four monochloride salts, two acids, sucrose, and urea. Responses to all chemicals were obtained as early as 7 days postnatally. Developmental changes in salt, acid, and sucrose responses were observed. Relative to NaCl and LiCl, NH4Cl and KCl gradually decrease in effectiveness as taste stimuli; or, relative to NH4Cl and KCl, NaCl and LiCl become more effective stimuli. These changes are similar to those observed prenatally and postnatally in sheep. Also, relative to NaCl, citric acid, hydrochloric acid, and sucrose become less effective stimuli; or, NaCl becomes more effective as a stimulus, relative to these acids and sucrose. The period of most rapid functional change overlaps a period of rapid structural change. It seems most reasonable to hypothesize that the altering taste responses reflect developmental changes in receptor membrane composition. Since the taste system is not programmed to respond in a mature manner from the moment function begins, there is ample opportunity for changing taste experience to influence the developing taste system.
Immunotherapy in Mice Lymphocytes during Anti-CD20 Niche for B1 and Conventional B The Peritoneal Cavity Provides a Protective

Although anti-CD20 immunotherapy effectively treats human lymphoma and autoimmune disease, the in vivo effect of immunotherapy on tissue B cells and their subsets is generally unknown. To address this, anti-mouse CD20 mAbs were used in a mouse model in which the extent and kinetics of tissue B cell depletion could be assessed in vivo. CD20 mAb treatment depleted most mature B cells within 2 days, with 95–98% of B cells in the bone marrow, blood, spleen, lymph nodes, and gut-associated lymphoid tissues depleted by day 7, including marginal zone and follicular B cells. The few spleen B cells remaining after CD20 mAb treatment included pre-B, immature, transitional, and some B1 B cells that expressed CD20 at low levels. By contrast, peritoneal cavity B cells expressed normal CD20 densities and were coated with CD20 mAb, but only 30–43% of B1 cells and 43–78% of B2 cells were depleted by day 7. Spleen B cells adoptively transferred into the peritoneal cavity were similarly resistant to mAb-induced depletion, while transferred B cells that had migrated to the spleen were depleted. However, peritoneal B1 and B2 cells were effectively depleted in mAb-treated wild-type and C3-deﬁcient mice by thioglycolate-induced monocyte migration into this otherwise privileged niche. Inﬂammation-elicited effector cells did not promote peritoneal cavity B cell depletion in FcR-deﬁcient mice treated with CD20 mAb. Thus, the majority of CD20 (cid:1) cells and B cell subsets within lymphoid tissues and the peritoneum could be depleted efﬁciently in vivo through Fc-dependent, but C-independent pathways during anti-CD20 immunotherapy. The
Deep convective clouds at the tropopause

Abstract. Data from the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on the EOS Aqua spacecraft each day show tens of thousands of Cold Clouds (CC) in the tropical oceans with 10 μm window channel brightness temperatures colder than 225 K. These clouds represent a mix of cold anvil clouds and Deep Convective Clouds (DCC). This mix can be separated by computing the difference between two channels, a window channel and a channel with strong CO 2 absorption: for some cold clouds this difference is negative, i.e. the spectra for some cold clouds are inverted. We refer to cold clouds with spectra which are more than 2 K inverted as DCCi2. Associated with DCCi2 is a very high rain rate and a local upward displacement of the tropopause, a cold "bulge", which can be seen directly in the brightness temperatures of AIRS and Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) temperature sounding channels in the lower stratosphere. The very high rain rate and the local distortion of the tropopause indicate that DCCi2 objects are associated with severe storms. Significant long-term trends in the statistical properties of DCCi2 could be interesting indicators of climate change. While the analysis of the nature and physical conditions related to DCCi2 requires hyperspectral infrared and microwave data, the identification of DCCi2 requires only one good window channel and one strong CO 2 sounding channel. This suggests that improved identification of severe storms with future advanced geostationary satellites could be accomplished with the addition of one or two narrow band channels.
A Dust Universe Solution to the Dark Energy Problem

Astronomical measurements of the Omegas for mass density, cosmological constant lambda and curvature k are shown to be sufficient to produce a unique and detailed cosmological model describing dark energy influences based on the Friedman equations. The equation of state Pressure turns out to be identically zero at all epochs as a result of the theory. The partial omega, ! � for dark energy, has the exact value, minus unity, as a result of the theory and is in exact agreement with the astronomer’s measured value. Thus this measurement is redundant as it does not contribute to the construction of the theory for this model. Rather, the value of ! � is predicted from the theory. The model has the characteristic of changing from deceleration to acceleration at exactly half the epoch time at which the input measurements are taken. This is a mysterious feature of the model for which no explanation has so far been found. An attractive feature of the model is that the acceleration change time occurs at a red shift of approximately 0.8 as predicted by the dark energy workers. Using a new definition of dark energy density it is shown that the contribution of this density to the acceleration process is via a negative value for the gravitational constant, -G, exactly on a par with gravitational mass which occurs via the usual positive value for G.
Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Modulates Susceptibility to Experimental Cerebral Malaria through a CCL17-dependent Mechanism *

Cerebral malaria is a severe and often fatal complication of Plasmodium falciparum infection. It is characterized by parasite sequestration, a breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, and a strong inflammation in the brain. We investigated the role of the cannabinoid receptor 2 (CB2), an important modulator of neuroinflammatory responses, in experimental cerebral malaria (ECM). Strikingly, mice with a deletion of the CB2-encoding gene (Cnr2−/−) inoculated with Plasmodium berghei ANKA erythrocytes exhibited enhanced survival and a diminished blood-brain barrier disruption. Therapeutic application of a specific CB2 antagonist also conferred increased ECM resistance in wild type mice. Hematopoietic derived immune cells were responsible for the enhanced protection in bone marrow (BM) chimeric Cnr2−/− mice. Mixed BM chimeras further revealed that CB2-expressing cells contributed to ECM development. A heterogeneous CD11b+ cell population, containing macrophages and neutrophils, expanded in the Cnr2−/− spleen after infection and expressed macrophage mannose receptors, arginase-1 activity, and IL-10. Also in the Cnr2−/− brain, CD11b+ cells that expressed selected anti-inflammatory markers accumulated, and expression of inflammatory mediators IFN-γ and TNF-α was reduced. Finally, the M2 macrophage chemokine CCL17 was identified as an essential factor for enhanced survival in the absence of CB2, because CCL17 × Cnr2 double-deficient mice were fully susceptible to ECM. Thus, targeting CB2 may be promising for the development of alternative treatment regimes of ECM.
Associations of HIV testing with anxiety and stress within the African American church: implications for faith-based HIV testing and treatment

ABSTRACT The promotion of HIV testing among Black Americans is critical to reducing disproportionately high rates of HIV and AIDS. Anxiety and stress are often found to be associated with resistance to HIV testing. The Black Church, may have an important role in reducing stress and anxiety associated with HIV testing. In this cross-sectional survey-based study, we compared the responses of the congregants from two churches which offered testing and two which did not (n = 177). Data were analysed with descriptive statistics, Chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression. We found that in churches without HIV testing, HIV-associated anxiety was significantly higher (OR = 4.60, p < .001; 95%CI: 2.03, 10.41) as were levels of stress (OR = 6.87, p < .001; 95%CI: 2.69, 17.56). These results suggest that churches willing to incorporate HIV testing may have profound impacts on destigmatising HIV testing and treatment.
The Effect of Problem Based Learning with Gallery Project and Locus of Control on Learning Achievement

The purpose of this study was to examine the significance of difference in achievement between the students taught using the Problem Based Learning with Gallery Project and the Expository Learning as well as those having an internal and external locus of control, along with its interaction. This quasi-experimental study involved 52 students, randomly sampled. The methods of data collection were observation, non-test, and test. The method of analysis was a two-way ANOVA. The result of this study indicated that: (1) there was a significant difference in achievement between students taught using the PBL with Gallery Project and those taught using the Expository Learning; (2) there was no significant difference between students having an internal locus of control and those having an external locus of control on basic work of automotive engineering in a vocational high school; and (3) there was no interaction between the PBL with Gallery Project and locus of control level toward student achievement.
Identification of microRNAs Involved in the Host Response to Enterovirus 71 Infection by a Deep Sequencing Approach

Role of microRNA (miRNA) has been highlighted in pathogen-host interactions recently. To identify cellular miRNAs involved in the host response to enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection, we performed a comprehensive miRNA profiling in EV71-infected Hep2 cells through deep sequencing. 64 miRNAs were found whose expression levels changed for more than 2-fold in response to EV71 infection. Gene ontology analysis revealed that many of these mRNAs play roles in neurological process, immune response, and cell death pathways, which are known to be associated with the extreme virulence of EV71. To our knowledge, this is the first study on host miRNAs expression alteration response to EV71 infection. Our findings supported the hypothesis that certain miRNAs might be essential in the host-pathogen interactions.