Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Library and Knowledge Services Literature Search Results Summary Guidelines Evidence-based Reviews Shame, Guilt, and Depressive Symptoms: a Meta-analytic Review

Please find below the results of your literature search request. If you would like the full text of any of the abstracts included, or would like a further search completed on this topic, please let us know. Search details CBT interventions in people with high levels of shame and guilt in depressive presentation. Abstract-Recent theoretical and empirical work has facilitated the drawing of sharp conceptual distinctions between shame and guilt. A clear view of these distinctions has permitted development of a research literature aimed at evaluating the differential associations of shame and guilt with depressive symptoms. This study quantitatively summarized the magnitude of associations of shame and guilt with depressive symptoms. Two hundred forty-two effect sizes were obtained from 108 studies employing 22,411 participants. Shame showed significantly stronger associations with depressive symptoms (r = .43) than guilt (r = .28). However, the association of shame and depressive symptoms was statistically indistinguishable from the associations of 2 maladaptive variants of guilt and depressive symptoms (contextual-maladaptive guilt, involving exaggerated responsibility for uncontrollable events, r = .39; generalized guilt, involving "free-floating" guilt divorced from specific contexts, r = .42). Other factors also moderated the effects. External shame, which involves negative views of self as seen through the eyes of others, was associated with larger effect sizes (r = .56) than internal shame (r = .42), which involves negative views of self as seen through one's own eyes. Depressive symptom measures that invoked the term guilt yielded stronger associations between guilt and depressive symptoms (r = .33) than depressive symptom measures that did not (r = .21). Age, sex, and ethnicity (proportion of Whites to Asians) did not moderate the effects. Although these correlational data are ambiguous with respect to their causal interpretation, results suggest that shame should figure more prominently in understandings of the emotional underpinnings of depressive symptoms.
Monoclonal antibody therapies for solid tumors

Background: About 1.4 million new cancer cases are expected to be diagnosed in the US in 2008 and the overall costs of cancer treatment is estimated at > $200 billion per year. Over half a million people will die from cancer each year. Monoclonal antibodies have attracted attention because of their potential clinical benefits. Currently, there are four monoclonal antibodies that have been approved by the FDA for the treatment of solid tumor malignancies. Over 100 other antibodies are in early- and late-phase clinical testing. Objectives/methods: Clinical efficacy of FDA-approved and investigational monoclonal antibody therapies are summarized. Results/conclusions: Anti-tumor responses have been modest. However, the advent of novel antibody engineering and combination therapy strategies has generated much optimism for current and future antibody-based therapeutics in solid tumors.
Effects of neuronal norepinephrine uptake blockade on baroreflex neural and peripheral arc transfer characteristics.

Neuronal uptake is the most important mechanism by which norepinephrine (NE) is removed from the synaptic clefts at sympathetic nerve terminals. We examined the effects of neuronal NE uptake blockade on the dynamic sympathetic regulation of the arterial baroreflex because dynamic characteristics are important for understanding the system behavior in response to exogenous disturbance. We perturbed intracarotid sinus pressure (CSP) according to a binary white noise sequence in anesthetized rabbits, while recording cardiac sympathetic nerve activity (SNA), arterial pressure (AP), and heart rate (HR). Intravenous administration of desipramine (1 mg/kg) decreased the normalized gain of the neural arc transfer function from CSP to SNA relative to untreated control (1.03 +/- 0.09 vs. 0.60 +/- 0.08 AU/mmHg, mean +/- SE, P < 0.01) but did not affect that of the peripheral arc transfer function from SNA to AP (1.10 +/- 0.05 vs. 1.08 +/- 0.10 mmHg/AU). The normalized gain of the transfer function from SNA to HR was unaffected (1.01 +/- 0.04 vs. 1.09 +/- 0.12 beats.min(-1). AU(-1)). Desipramine decreased the natural frequency of the transfer function from SNA to AP by 28.7 +/- 7.0% (0.046 +/- 0.007 vs. 0.031 +/- 0.002 Hz, P < 0.05) and that of the transfer function from SNA to HR by 64.4 +/- 2.2% (0.071 +/- 0.003 vs. 0.025 +/- 0.002 Hz, P < 0.01). In conclusion, neuronal NE uptake blockade by intravenous desipramine administration reduced the total buffering capacity of the arterial baroreflex mainly through its action on the neural arc. The differential effects of neuronal NE uptake blockade on the dynamic AP and HR responses to SNA may provide clues for understanding the complex pathophysiology of cardiovascular diseases associated with neuronal NE uptake deficiency.
Semiparametric Estimation Exploiting Covariate Independence in Two‐Phase Randomized Trials

Summary Recent results for case–control sampling suggest when the covariate distribution is constrained by gene‐environment independence, semiparametric estimation exploiting such independence yields a great deal of efficiency gain. We consider the efficient estimation of the treatment–biomarker interaction in two‐phase sampling nested within randomized clinical trials, incorporating the independence between a randomized treatment and the baseline markers. We develop a Newton–Raphson algorithm based on the profile likelihood to compute the semiparametric maximum likelihood estimate (SPMLE). Our algorithm accommodates both continuous phase‐one outcomes and continuous phase‐two biomarkers. The profile information matrix is computed explicitly via numerical differentiation. In certain situations where computing the SPMLE is slow, we propose a maximum estimated likelihood estimator (MELE), which is also capable of incorporating the covariate independence. This estimated likelihood approach uses a one‐step empirical covariate distribution, thus is straightforward to maximize. It offers a closed‐form variance estimate with limited increase in variance relative to the fully efficient SPMLE. Our results suggest exploiting the covariate independence in two‐phase sampling increases the efficiency substantially, particularly for estimating treatment–biomarker interactions.
The ADI-FDTD Method for Transverse-Magnetic Waves in Conductive Materials

A numerical dispersion analysis of the alternating-direction implicit finite-difference time-domain method is introduced for transverse-magnetic waves in lossy materials. To provide a general study, the conduction terms are discretized by using a weighted average in time. It is found that the numerical dispersion relation is different to that of the transverse-electric (TEz) case. Moreover, contrary to what happens in the TEz case, no set of weighted-average parameters makes the accuracy of the formulation independent of how well the time step resolves the material relaxation-time constant. To overcome this problem, a split-field version of Maxwell's equations is considered as the governing equations. Then, by synchronizing in time the lossy terms with the spatial derivatives, the resulting formulation has the same numerical dispersion relation as in the TEz case. Moreover, its accuracy becomes independent of the quality of the resolution of the relaxation-time constant by the time step.
The Social Maturity of Disadvantaged Children

EDRS Price MF-$0.25 HC-$0.55 *Behavior Change, Communication Skills, Depressed Areas (Geographic) , Emotional Development, *Kindergarten Children, Psychomotor Skills, Self Care Skills, *Social Characteristics, Social Development, *Socioeconomic Influences, *Test Results Education Improvement Program Stanford Binet, *Vineland Social Maturity Scale To determine development patterns of the disadvantaged child at the age when he comes into contact with a school program, a comparison was made of the test performances of 25 primary school children on the Stanford-Binet and the Vineland Social Maturity Scale. Test batteries were given in fall and in spring. The Binet test was administered at school, the Vineland at home through social work interviews. Each child's f.erformance was examined in terms of items succeeded and items failed on the Vineland. Early failures and late successes were categorized, identifying subareas of good and poor development. There was a substantial difference between the mean scores on the Binet and the Vineland Scale. Only four children had a Binet quotient equal to or superior to their Vineland quotient. Children excelled primarily in the self-care areas, being able to feed and dress themselves at an age level much beyond their skills in other areas. They were also able to use small tools to do routine household tasks. Failures tended to occur in the areas of communication, general self help, and locomotion. In regard to neighborhood exploration, children appear to be overprotected by their parents. Evaluation of the disadvantaged child's social skills should include many developmental dimensions. (NH) 111 DEPARTMENT of HEALTH. EDUCATION & MEANS OFFICE OF EDUCATION -. 1 I cv ts.I LP CO THE EDUCATION. IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM DURHAM, NORTH CAROLINA 2010 Campus Drive Duke University THIS DOI"l'1PIT IIAS PFEN REPRODUCED EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE p.f;:m1 . :,. 1;;;:;:,N:7,\T;i:t1 Okl(IINATING IT. POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS 5' . 1 c;. ; tq':, . 1:. _::. ,,SARILY RI:PK:EL:NI. OFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION MALGUL.A44---.
Mechanical force response of single living cells using a microrobotic system

In this paper, we investigate mechanical force response of single living cells at different conditions using a microrobotic system. Zebrafish eggs at different developmental stages were collected and an integrated biomanipulation system was employed to measure cellular force during penetrating the egg envelope, the chorion. First, the biomanipulation system integrated with cellular force sensing instrument is implemented to measure the penetration force of the chorion envelope and then to characterize mechanical properties of zebrafish embryos. Second, the cellular force sensing of penetrating the chorion envelope at each developmental stages was experimentally performed. The results demonstrated that the biomanipulation system with force sensing capability can measure cellular force in real-time while the injection operation is undergoing. The magnitude of the measured cellular force decrease as an embryo develops. This result quantitatively describes the chorion softening in zebrafish embryos. Experimental results also demonstrate that subtle modification of the chorion, the extracellular matrix of the egg, can be monitored physically using the developed real-time force sensing system.
High frequency AlN MEMS resonators with integrated nano hot plate for temperature controlled operation

This paper presents the design and experimental verification of the first MEMS resonator ovenized by means of an integrated nano hot plate suspended over the micromechanical resonant element. This first prototype is formed by a composite structure in which a fully anchored Aluminum Nitride (AlN) Lateral Field Excited-Floating (LFE-F) Contour-Mode MEMS resonator (CMR) and a nanoscale heating element are perfectly overlapped and separated by a sub-micron air gap. The placement of the heating element outside the body of the resonator, but suspended over it, allowed maintaining the electromechanical properties of the device unchanged (same kt2·Q compared to the non-ovenized case). This resulted in a 968 MHz ovenized microresonator with quality factor, Q, of ~1800, electromechanical coupling coefficient, kt2, of ~0.9% and motional resistance, Rm, of ~50 Ω. At the same time, efficient ovenization of the MEMS resonator (CMR temperature rise factor of 18.3 K/mW) is achieved by scaling the dimensions of the heating element (i.e. implementing a nano hot plate) and minimizing the air gap between the resonator and the heater.
Overcoming the saving slump : how to increase the effectiveness of financial education and saving programs

The great majority of working Americans are unprepared to face the difficult task of planning for retirement. In fact, the personal savings rate has been holding steady at zero for several years, down from 8 percent in the mid-1980s. "Overcoming the Saving Slump" explores the many challenges facing workers in the transition from a traditional defined benefit pension system to one that requires more individual responsibility, analyzing the considerable impediments to saving and evaluating financial literacy programs devised by employers and the government.Mapping the changing landscape of pensions and the rise of defined contribution plans, Annamaria Lusardi and others investigate new methods for stimulating saving and promoting financial education, drawing on the experience of the United States as well as countries that have privatized their welfare systems, including Sweden and Chile. This timely volume pinpoints where human resources departments, the financial industry, and government officials have succeeded - or failed - in bridging the way to a new retirement system. As the workforce ages and more pensions disappear, Lusardi's findings will be invaluable for economists and anyone facing retirement.
Horn clauses and database dependencies (Extended Abstract)

In the last year or so, a number of generalizations of these dependencies have appeared: Nicolas's mutual dependencies [Ni], which say that a relation is the join of three of its projections; Rissanen's and Aho, Beeri, and Ullman's join dependencies ([Ri], [ABU]), which generalize further to an arbitrary number of projections; Paradaens' transitive dependencies [Pa], which generalize both FDs and MVDs; Sagiv and Walecka's subset dependencies [SW] which generalize embedded MVDs; and Sadri and Ullman's template dependencies [SU], which generalize embedded join dependencies. The purpose of this paper is to help bring order to the chaos by presenting certain mathematical properties shared by all of these dependencies. In Section 2, we introduce the concept of “faithfulness” (with respect to direct product), and show that IDs and EIDs are faithful, whereas slight variations are not necessarily faithful. In Section 3, we discuss “Armstrong relations”, which were known to exist in certain special cases (such as when the only sentences of interest were functional, multivalued, and join dependencies). In Section 4, we discuss finite Armstrong relations.In Section 5, we present some more counterexamples about the existence of Armstrong relations. In Section 6, we discuss projections of classes of relations. Although Zaiddan [Za] showed that projections of FD classes are not necessarily FD classes, it turns out that projections of FD classes (and, even more, of ID classes) are ID classes. In Section 7, we discuss certain extensions of our results.
A Coexistence Analysis Method to Apply ACLR and ACS between NB-IoT and LTE for Stand-Alone Case

In the coexistence scenario of NB-IoT and LTE system, several factors affect the evaluating indicators of system performance. Considering the narrow bandwidth character of NB-IoT system, the simulation result would be over-optimistic if the evaluation method about ACLR and ACS in coexistence study of LTE system is still used. In this paper, a new evaluation method about ACLR and ACS is proposed aimed at NB-IoT system, which takes the huge difference of system bandwidth between NB-IoT and LTE system into account. When LTE is the victim system, if the throughput loss does not exceed 5%, LTE and NB-IoT system could coexist. When NB-IoT is the victim system, if the SINR loss is minor compared with the result that without coexistence, NB-IoT and LTE system could coexist. The simulation results show that the NB-IoT system could coexist with LTE system when NB-IoT BS ACS is about 45dB and UE ACLR is in the range of 40~45dB.
Certificate for safe emergency shutdown of wind turbines

To avoid damage to a wind turbine in the case of a fault or a large wind gust, a detection scheme for emergency shutdown is developed. Specifically, the concept of a safety envelope is introduced. Within the safety envelope, the system can be shutdown without risking structural damage to the turbine. To demarcate the boundary of the safety envelope, a protection certificate, is computed. To this end, a model-based framework of barrier certificates is used. As a result, the protection certificate problem is formulated as a sum-of-squares program with the optimisation criterion related to the volume of the safety envelope. The framework enables the inclusion of a bounded wind disturbance and the a priori known emergency shutdown procedure. For this purpose, the model of a wind turbine is developed that includes structural safety critical components.
Defective Interleukin (IL)-18–mediated Natural Killer and T Helper Cell Type 1 Responses in IL-1 Receptor–associated Kinase (IRAK)-deficient Mice

Interleukin (IL)-18 is functionally similar to IL-12 in mediating T helper cell type 1 (Th1) response and natural killer (NK) cell activity but is related to IL-1 in protein structure and signaling, including recruitment of IL-1 receptor–associated kinase (IRAK) to the receptor and activation of c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB. The role of IRAK in IL-18–induced responses was studied in IRAK-deficient mice. Significant defects in JNK induction and partial impairment in NF-κB activation were found in IRAK-deficient Th1 cells, resulting in a dramatic decrease in interferon (IFN)-γ mRNA expression. In vivo Th1 response to Propionibacterium acnes and lipopolysaccharide in IFN-γ production and induction of NK cytotoxicity by IL-18 were severely impaired in IRAK-deficient mice. IFN-γ production by activated NK cells in an acute murine cytomegalovirus infection was significantly reduced despite normal induction of NK cytotoxicity. These results demonstrate that IRAK plays an important role in IL-18–induced signaling and function.
The Biotransformation of Prasugrel, a New Thienopyridine Prodrug, by the Human Carboxylesterases 1 and 2

2-Acetoxy-5-(α-cyclopropylcarbonyl-2-fluorobenzyl)-4,5,6,7-tetrahydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridine (prasugrel) is a novel thienopyridine prodrug with demonstrated inhibition of platelet aggregation and activation. The biotransformation of prasugrel to its active metabolite, 2-[1-[2-cyclopropyl-1-(2-fluorophenyl)-2-oxoethyl]-4-mercapto-3-piperidinylidene]acetic acid (R-138727), requires ester bond hydrolysis, forming the thiolactone 2-[2-oxo-6,7-dihydrothieno[3,2-c]pyridin-5(4H)-yl]-1-cyclopropyl-2-(2-fluorophenyl)ethanone(R-95913), followed by cytochrome P450–mediated metabolism to the active metabolite. The presumed role of the human liver- and intestinal-dominant carboxylesterases, hCE1 and hCE2, respectively, in the conversion of prasugrel to R-95913 was determined using expressed and purified enzymes. The hydrolysis of prasugrel is at least 25 times greater with hCE2 than hCE1. Hydrolysis of prasugrel by hCE1 showed Michaelis-Menten kinetics yielding an apparent Km of 9.25 μM and an apparent Vmax of 0.725 nmol product/min/μg protein. Hydrolysis of prasugrel by hCE2 showed a mixture of Hill kinetics at low substrate concentrations and substrate inhibition at high concentrations. At low concentrations, prasugrel hydrolysis by hCE2 yielded an apparent Ks of 11.1 μM, an apparent Vmax of 19.0 nmol/min/μg, and an apparent Hill coefficient of 1.42, whereas at high concentrations, an apparent IC50 of 76.5 μM was obtained. In humans, no in vivo evidence of inhibition exists. In vitro transport studies using the intestinal Caco-2 epithelial cell model showed a high in vivo absorption potential for prasugrel and rapid conversion to R-95913. In conclusion, the human carboxylesterases efficiently mediate the conversion of prasugrel to R-95913. These data help explain the rapid appearance of R-138727 in human plasma, where maximum concentrations are observed 0.5 h after a prasugrel p.o. dose, and the rapid onset of action of prasugrel.
Long-term Results of Femoro-Femoral Crossover Bypass After Endovascular Aortouniiliac Repair of Abdominal Aortic and Aortoiliac Aneurysms

Aortouniiliac stent grafts allow the endovascular treatment of complex anatomy aortoiliac aneurysms. The main drawback is the need for femoro-femoral crossover bypass, with its complications and its patency limitations. However, some authors have shown good results of femoro-femoral crossover bypass in aneurysmal disease. In this article, initial and long-term results of our experience in femoro-femoral crossover bypass revascularization after endovascular aortouniiliac stent grafts repair of aortoiliac aneurysms is reported. Prospective collection, intention-to-treat, and retrospective analysis maintained database. Femoro-femoral crossover bypass patency assessment of all patients treated between January 1999 and September 2002, compared patients with or without associated occlusive arterial disease. Urgent indications were excluded. In total of 52 patients, with a mean age 72.6 years, 30.8% of patients were identified with associated occlusive arterial disease. Initial systemic and local, access site, complications were 7.7% and 7.7%, respectively, no early thrombosis or death is reported. Primary patency was 90.9% at 54 months, 66 months assisted primary and secondary patency were 97.7% and 100%, respectively. The 48-month survival rate was 84.2%. No significant differences between patients with or without associated occlusive arterial disease were found. Femoro-femoral crossover bypass after aortouniiliac stent grafts treatment of aortoiliac aneurysms shows excellent initial and long-term patency and low complication rate.
Empirical Risk Minimization for Stochastic Convex Optimization: $O(1/n)$- and $O(1/n^2)$-type of Risk Bounds

Although there exist plentiful theories of empirical risk minimization (ERM) for supervised learning, current theoretical understandings of ERM for a related problem---stochastic convex optimization (SCO), are limited. In this work, we strengthen the realm of ERM for SCO by exploiting smoothness and strong convexity conditions to improve the risk bounds. First, we establish an $\widetilde{O}(d/n + \sqrt{F_*/n})$ risk bound when the random function is nonnegative, convex and smooth, and the expected function is Lipschitz continuous, where $d$ is the dimensionality of the problem, $n$ is the number of samples, and $F_*$ is the minimal risk. Thus, when $F_*$ is small we obtain an $\widetilde{O}(d/n)$ risk bound, which is analogous to the $\widetilde{O}(1/n)$ optimistic rate of ERM for supervised learning. Second, if the objective function is also $\lambda$-strongly convex, we prove an $\widetilde{O}(d/n + \kappa F_*/n )$ risk bound where $\kappa$ is the condition number, and improve it to $O(1/[\lambda n^2] + \kappa F_*/n)$ when $n=\widetilde{\Omega}(\kappa d)$. As a result, we obtain an $O(\kappa/n^2)$ risk bound under the condition that $n$ is large and $F_*$ is small, which to the best of our knowledge, is the first $O(1/n^2)$-type of risk bound of ERM. Third, we stress that the above results are established in a unified framework, which allows us to derive new risk bounds under weaker conditions, e.g., without convexity of the random function and Lipschitz continuity of the expected function. Finally, we demonstrate that to achieve an $O(1/[\lambda n^2] + \kappa F_*/n)$ risk bound for supervised learning, the $\widetilde{\Omega}(\kappa d)$ requirement on $n$ can be replaced with $\Omega(\kappa^2)$, which is dimensionality-independent.