Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognition and Dysphoria in Egypt and Canada: An Examination of the Cognitive Triad

Beck’s (1979) cognitive triad postulates that depressed and dysphoric individuals hold negative, automatic thoughts about the self, the world and the future. Despite the central role of this hypothesis in the cognitive theory for depression, this prediction has rarely been studied outside of the Western world. This study examined the relationship between dysphoria and a number of inventories designed to assess negative cognitions, in 336 participants from Egypt (n 150) and Canada (n 186). Dysphoric individuals in both countries harbored significantly more negative thoughts toward self, world and future than nondysphoric individuals. Additionally, Egyptian participants showed significantly more negative thoughts toward self and world than their Canadian counterparts even after controlling for dysphoria. This investigation supports the cross-cultural validity of the cognitive theory for depression. Strengths and limitations of the current study, as well as areas for future research, are discussed.
An Empirical Investigation of User Acceptance of Wireless Technology at Work

This paper reported the results of a survey study and provided evidences of empirically testing technology acceptance model (TAM) in understanding the determinants of users’ intention to use wireless technology at work. Questionnaires were distributed to users whose company is initiating the adoption of wireless devices in accomplishing their works. The results indicated that technology acceptance model is a robust model in explaining intention. Both perceived usefulness and ease of use significantly influenced user intention to utilize wireless technology. Moreover, data collected in this study suggested that perceived usefulness was more influential than perceived ease of use in developing usage behavioral intention. Also, perceived ease of use has significant effect on perceived usefulness. Overall, findings in this research are helpful for confirming the existing results in a new situation.
Teachers' Estimates of Candidates' Performances in Public Examinations

abstract Teachers' estimates of candidates' performances in public examinations are sometimes used as a ‘trigger’ to investigate where the assessment procedures may have gone awry. In Britain, teachers' estimates are also used extensively in the selection of candidates to be interviewed and given conditional offers for entry into higher education. More generally, teachers' estimates may be used by students in their selection of higher education establishments. This paper presents multilevel analyses of over 7000 estimated grades supplied to a single British public examining board in 1992. The results reveal that there are substantial differences between subjects. There is also some evidence to support the notion that teachers' estimates for females were slightly higher than for males who obtained the same final grade. Applications of teachers' estimates are explored in the light of the results of the study.
Sexual Prejudice in Sydney Middle School Children

As part of a survey’ conducted in Sydney in 1975-76, 2,279 children in the 5th and 6th grades in primary school completed nine items designed to examine attitudes to female and male stereotypes in middle childhood. These nine items constituted one small section of the Australian Primary Schools Project questionnaire (A.P.S.P.) which was designed to gauge children’s attitudes to a wide range of subjects. The findings with respect to these nine items are reported in this paper and support Broverman et al.’s hypothesis (1972) that male characteristics are seen in general as socially more desirable. That it is permissible (and often admired) for a small Australian girl to be a ’tomboy’, but not for a small boy to be a ’sissy’ expresses the essence of this stratification and discrimination. The present paper suggests that as early as the age of 10 years, female characteristics are seen as undesirable by 50% or more of male children, and that this cannot be dismissed as a mere function of developmental age. Girl children have a much more positive attitude to themselves at this age, but equal the boys’ judgements of inferior female status and capabilities in some areas.
YOUNG CHILDREN’S CONDITIONAL REASONING ON THE FOUR-CARDS SELECTION TASK: THE INFLUENCE OF CONTEXT AND EXPERIENCE

This study examined young children’s (N=87) development of conditional reasoning competence. Using the four-cards selection task of Harris and Nunez (1996), an age (3-, 4- and 5-year-olds) by context (deontic context whereby mother states the premise vs. descriptive context whereby the child states the premise) by task (familiar task based on a premise relating to an empirical matter for the participant vs. counterfactual task involving a counterfactual matter) factorial design (one between, two within factors) was utilized. According to the results, five-year-old children performed better than 3-year-olds, the deontic context encouraged children’s performance more than the descriptive context, and the counterfactual task was more difficult than the familiar task. A significant 3-way interaction showed that 5-year-olds could succeed even on the counterfactual task if it was in the deontic context. The data suggested that a theory of deontic reasoning was more appropriate than that of pragmatic reasoning model.
Professional Identity as the Key to Career Change Intention.

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate career change intention and its predictors among career change seekers interested in a career opportunity in the information technology (IT) industry.Design/methodology/approach – Ajzen's theory of planned behavior (TPB) was used to predict career change intention in this group. In addition, we examined the role of professional identity in predicting career change intention. Data were collected in a sample of 225 aspiring IT professionals from four European countries: Austria, Greece, Italy and The Netherlands.Findings – The findings showed that among four variables assumed to predict career change intention, only professional identity appeared to be a significant predictor.Research limitations/implications – The study is limited by the use of career change seekers registered in one web‐based recruiting system.Originality/value – The paper suggests a higher importance of professional identity in prediction of career change intention compared to other f.
Antimicrobial Susceptibility of Indicator Bacteria Isolated from Chickens in Southeast Asian Countries (Vietnam, Indonesia and Thailand)

ABSTRACT To determine the prevalence of indicator bacteria resistant to antimicrobials among poultry in three Southeast Asian countries (Vietnam, Indonesia and Thailand), we examined the antimicrobial susceptibilities of commensal bacteria isolated from chickens. In total, 125, 117 and 180 isolates of Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium, respectively, were used to test for antimicrobial susceptibility. Bacterial resistance to antimicrobial treatment was most frequently observed with oxytetracycline with a prevalence of 73.6% (E. coli), 69.2% (E. faecalis) and 92.2% (E. faecium). Resistance to fluoroquinolones, which are critically important medicines, was also frequently observed in E. coli (48.8%), E. faecalis (17.9%) and E. faecium (82.8%). The prevalence of indicator bacteria resistant to most of the antimicrobials tested in these countries was higher than those for developed countries. The factors underlying antimicrobial resistance may include inappropriate and/or excessive use of antimicrobials. These results highlight the need for monitoring the emergence and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in developing countries.
Offline Handwritten Script Identification in Document Images

Automatic handwritten script identification from document images facilitates many important applications such as sorting, transcription of multilingual documents and indexing of large collection of such images, or as a precursor to optical character recognition (OCR). In this paper, we investigate a texture as a tool for determining the script of handwritten document image, based on the observation that text has a distinct visual texture. Further, K nearest neighbour algorithm is used to classify 300 text blocks as well as 400 text lines into one of the three major Indian scripts: English, Devnagari and Urdu, based on 13 spatial spread features extracted using morphological filters. The proposed algorithm attains average classification accuracy as high as 99.2% for bi-script and 88.6% for tri-script separation at text line and text block level respectively with five fold cross validation test. General Terms Pattern Recognition, Document Image Analysis
Online spatio-temporal pattern recognition with evolving spiking neural networks utilising address event representation, rank order, and temporal spike learning

Evolving spiking neural networks (eSNN) are computational models that evolve new spiking neurons and new connections from incoming data to learn patterns from them in an on-line mode. With the development of new techniques to capture spatio- and spectro-temporal data in a fast on-line mode, using for example address event representation (AER) such as the implemented one in the artificial retina and the artificial cochlea chips, and with the available SNN hardware technologies, new and more efficient methods for spatio-temporal pattern recognition (STPR) are needed. The paper introduces a new eSNN model dynamic eSNN (deSNN), that utilises both rank-order spike coding (ROSC), also known as time to first spike, and temporal spike coding (TSC). Each of these representations are implemented through different learning mechanisms - RO learning, and temporal spike learning - spike driven synaptic plasticity (SDSP) rule. The deSNN model is demonstrated on a small scale moving object classification problem when AER data is collected with the use of an artificial retina camera. The new model is superior in terms of learning time and accuracy for learning. It makes use of the order of spikes input information which is explicitly present in the AER data, while a temporal spike learning rule accounts for any consecutive spikes arriving on the same synapse that represent temporal components in the learned spatio-temporal pattern.
Records as Genre

This study reworks the concept of genre from rhetorical, dialectical, and dialogic perspectives. From these perspectives, genre is redefined as a stabilized-for-now or stabilized-enough site of social and ideological action. This definition is then applied to a specific literacy practice—medical record keeping—evolving in a specific context—a veterinary college. Data were gathered during a 6-month ethnographic study of the college. The larger research project focused on the teaching and learning practices that constituted literacy, i.e., the ways of speaking, reading, writing, and listening characteristics of veterinary medicine. The project consisted of interviews, observation, and document collection. Triangulation was achieved both within and between methods. Data were analyzed using Glaser and Strauss's “grounded theory” techniques. When the concept of genre is applied to medical record keeping, the complexity of this literacy practice becomes apparent. A specific record-keeping system—the Problem Oriented Veterinary Medical Record (POVMR) system—was the site of intense controversy at the college. The system articulated a set of values that one group of faculty and clinicians espoused and another group rejected. The system itself was embedded in the exam structure of the college, and a good deal of evidence emerged that the POVMR itself was promoting certain types of literacy abilities and making others less likely.
Preglomerular microcirculation expresses the cAMP-adenosine pathway.

UNLABELLED The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the extracellular cAMP-adenosine pathway (i.e., transport of cAMP out of cells followed by extracellular conversion of cAMP to adenosine) exists in preglomerular microvessels (PGMVs). Incubation of PGMVs for 1 h with 30 microM cAMP increased the amount of extracellular adenosine from 163 +/- 18.6 (n = 18) to 9810 +/- 604 (n = 12) pmol/mg of protein (P < 10(-6)). The phosphodiesterase inhibitor 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX; 1 mM; n = 6) and the ecto-phosphodiesterase inhibitor 1, 3-dipropyl-8-p-sulfophenylxanthine (DPSPX; 1 mM; n = 6) significantly (P < 10(-6) and P < 10(-5), respectively) reduced the cAMP-induced increase in extracellular adenosine. Incubation of PGMVs for 1 h with isoproterenol (beta-adrenoceptor agonist; 1 microM) + IBMX (0.1 mM) increased the amount of extracellular cAMP from 0.800 +/- 0.047 to 22.3 +/- 2.20 pmol/mg of protein (P < 10(-6); n = 41). In PGMVs incubated with isoproterenol (1 microM) + IBMX (0.1 mM) for 1 h, there was a significant (P < 10(-4)) linear (r(2) = 0.6) relationship between intracellular and extracellular cAMP levels. Incubation of PGMVs for 1 h with 1 microM isoproterenol increased the amount of extracellular adenosine from 163 +/- 18.6 (n = 18) to 297 +/- 38.3 (n = 12) pmol/mg of protein (P =.002). Propranolol (beta-adrenoceptor antagonist; 1 microM; n = 7), IBMX (1 mM; n = 14), and DPSPX (1 mM; n = 12) blocked (P =.037, P =.015, and P =.026, respectively) isoproterenol-induced increases in extracellular adenosine. CONCLUSIONS PGMVs transport endogenous cAMP to the extracellular compartment and metabolize extracellular cAMP to adenosine. This pathway can increase extracellular levels of adenosine during beta-adrenoceptor activation of adenylyl cyclase.
Fear of Crime in Public Housing

Fear of crime has been shown to have a variety of negative impacts on quality of life. The purpose of this article is, first, to better understand the factors associated with fear of crime and, second, to see if this fear among public housing residents is influenced by the same factors that influence fear among the general population. Three models of fear of crime are tested using a sample of 267 residents in 11 nonelderly public housing developments. The results of a multiple regression analysis indicate that variables associated with each model contribute to an explanation of fear, although the social control model has the greatest predictive power. Key variables in explaining fear levels include social and physical incivilities, personal victimization, race, and the adequacy of security measures. The policy implications of these findings are discussed.
Increased risk for metachronous gastric adenocarcinoma following gastric MALT lymphoma—A US population-based study

Background Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (gMALT) and gastric adenocarcinoma (GC) are long-term complications of chronic Helicobacter pylori (HP) gastritis. Treatment of HP infection induces remission in most patients with gMALT. Endoscopic follow-up is not currently endorsed after complete remission. However, the risk of GC in these patients is unclear. Objective The objective of this study is to estimate GC risk in gMALT patients. Methods The National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results 13 (SEER) database-Nov 2014 Sub (1992–2012) was used to identify adult patients diagnosed with gMALT between 1992 and 2012. The standardized incidence ratio of second primary GC after a latency period of 12 months was calculated and compared to a reference SEER cohort of identical age, sex and time period. The risk of GC in these patients was also stratified by latency period (five years) and age. Results We identified 2195 cases of gMALT lymphoma, and 20 (0.91%) of them subsequently developed GC with a relative risk (RR) of 4.32 (95% CI 2.64–6.67) compared to the American population. The median latency time was five years and the risk was maintained afterward (RR 4.92, 95% CI 2.45–8.79). When stratified by age group the risk was highest for the 45–64 group (RR 14.04, 95% CI 5.64–28.93). Conclusion gMALT lymphoma is associated with an increased risk of metachronous gastric adenocarcinoma. The risk is still present after more than five years of follow-up. Further studies may clarify the most adequate follow-up strategy.
The Curriculum

In setting forth the work of the school in an outline form, one is almost entirely limited to the necessity of doing so in terms of subject-matter. In this way it is misleading. It shows at once too little and too much; it shows too little of the spirit that vitalizes the community, and too much of subject-matter. It must be left largely to the intelligent reader to gather from the general drift of the synopses some idea of the life which organizes the more or less disjointed parts, and it must be left to his good sense to discern how selections can be made from the boundless fields of subject-matter to suit the needs and capabilities of the children.
Relationship between gingival crevicular fluid and serum antibody titers in young adults with generalized and localized periodontitis

The objective of the present study was to determine the relationship between concentrations of antibodies in serum and those in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of patients with juvenile periodontitis and severe periodontitis. Most antigens used to quantitate antibodies were obtained from a panel of bacteria associated with juvenile periodontitis or severe periodontitis. We further investigated variation in antibody titer among different periodontal sites and the extent to which antibody in GCF is locally derived. Titers of antibody, total immunoglobulin G (IgG), and human serum albumin were determined with sensitive radioimmunoassays. The relationship between serum and GCF antibody was complex. Both person-to-person variability and marked variability within the same subject were found among different sites of similar clinical status. The site-to-site variability was found not only for antibody reactive with periodontal organisms, but also for antitetanus toxoid, total IgG, and even human serum albumin. Generally the variability was in the degree of depression of the level in GCF relative to that in serum. However, anti-Bacteroides gingivalis and anti-Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans in GCF often exceeded the level in serum. When antibody titers in serum and GCF were calculated per milligram of human serum albumin, most of the apparent depressions of antibody in GCF disappeared. The ratio of antibody in serum to that in GCF approached unity for all organisms except B. gingivalis and A. actinomycetemcomitans Y4, which were markedly elevated. Furthermore, the level of IgG per milligram of human serum albumin in GCF was about twice the level in serum. We believe that human serum albumin reflects serum contribution to the GCF, and we therefore attribute the increased level of IgG per milligram of albumin in GCF to local synthesis. It appears that anti-B. gingivalis and anti-A. actinomycetemcomitans represent an important portion of this local antibody synthesis, since most seropositive patients with severe or juvenile periodontitis had at least one site elevated, and the magnitudes of the elevations were large in many sites. Those sites yielding elevated antibody exhibited no obvious differences in clinical parameters of probeable depth or attachment level as compared with sites in which antibody levels in GCF were similar to serum levels. Elevated antibody in GCF may relate to changes in disease activity that are not detectable by usual clinical measures.
Kant and Stoic Cosmopolitanism

The peoples of the earth have thus entered in varying degrees into a universal community, and it has developed to the point where a violation of laws in one part of the world is felt everywhere. The idea of a cosmopolitan law is therefore not fantastic and overstrained; it is a necessary complement to the unwritten code of political and international law, transforming it into a universal law of humanity. ÐKant, Perpetual Peace1
The Association of Coagulation Factor V (Leiden) and Factor II (Prothrombin) Mutations With Stroke

Background: Epidemiological studies indicate that over the past forty years, the stroke incidence rates has increased. Factors V and II mutations are established genetic-variant risk factors for venous thrombosis; however, their contribution to stroke is a controversial issue. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the potential association of FV and FII mutations with stroke in an Iranian population. Patients and Methods: The study population consisted of 153 patients of different stroke subtypes (except cryptogenic strokes), admitted to Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad, Iran. The control group included 153 age- and sex-matched subjects without a history of cerebrovascular or neurologic diseases. Mutations of FV and FII were determined by using a TaqMan SNP Genotyping technique. The chi-square and Exact Fisher tests were used to analyze the baseline characteristics. Results were as follows: The calculated P-value for sex and diabetes mellitus were 0.907 and 1.000, respectively. The case and control groups were also matched in low density lipoprotein (P = 0.816), high density lipoprotein (P = 0.323), triglyceride (P = 0.846), and total cholesterol (P = 0.079). Results: Analysis of the FV showed that none of the study subjects were AA homozygous for this mutation and only 6 heterozygous subjects were detected in the case and control groups. Regarding FII variants, none of the study subjects were AG heterozygous and only 1 AA homozygous was detected in the control group. Conclusions: The prevalence of both FV and FII variants are population based. Iran is an ethnically diverse country. Therefore, for a comprehensive analysis of a potential association of FV and/or FII mutations with stroke among Iranian population, epidemiological studies could be conducted among different ethnic groups.
N-(2,6-Dimethylphenyl)-2-methylbenzamide

In the title molecule, C16H17NO, the N—H and C=O groups are in the antiperiplanar conformation that has been observed in related compounds. Furthermore, the conformation of the C=O group with respect to the methyl substituent in the 2-methylphenyl ring is syn, as has also been observed in related structures. The amide group makes dihedral angles of 50.3 (3) and 64.6 (3)° with the 2-methylphenyl and 2,6-dimethylphenyl rings, respectively, while the angle between the planes of the two rings is 14.26 (7)°. The molecules are packed into chains via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. An intramolecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bond is also observed.
Immediate and short-term effects of the combination of dry needling and percutaneous TENS on post-needling soreness in patients with chronic myofascial neck pain

ABSTRACT Background Dry needling (DN) and percutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (PENS) are widely used techniques in the treatment of myofascial pain. Objective To investigate the immediate and short-term effects of the combination of DN and PENS compared to DN alone on the upper trapezius muscle. Method This is a 72-hour follow-up single-blinded randomized controlled trial. Sixty-two volunteer patients with chronic myofascial neck pain with active Myofascial Trigger Points (MTrPs) in the upper trapezius muscle were recruited. Randomization was performed, and 31 patients received DN treatment (DN group) and 31 received DN and PENS (DN+PENS group). The primary outcomes were neck disability index (NDI) and visual analog scale for pain for both post-needling soreness (PNS) and neck pain intensity (NPI). Pressure pain threshold (PPT) and cervical range of motion (CROM) were the secondary outcomes. Results We detected between-group differences in NPI and PNS in favor of the DN+PENS group immediately after treatment. No between-group differences in NDI were observed. Conclusion PENS application after dry needling treatment is more effective than dry needling alone for decreasing soreness in the short term and improving neck pain intensity immediately in patients with myofascial chronic neck pain.