Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Causes and frequency of blindness in patients with intraocular inflammatory disease.

AIMS/BACKGROUND: Uveitis, an intraocular inflammatory disease, is a significant cause of visual impairment. It is not known how many patients with uveitis will retain visual acuity and how many develop visual impairment or even blindness. The aim of this study was to assess the frequency of blindness in patients with uveitis and, more specifically, to identify the clinical profile of patients at risk for visual loss. METHODS: A cross sectional and retrospective study of 582 patients with uveitis who visited the ophthalmology departments of two university hospitals in the Netherlands was performed. RESULTS: Within the group of 582 patients, 203 (35%) exhibited blindness or visual impairment; bilateral legal blindness developed in 22 (4%) patients, 26 (4.5%) had one blind eye with visual impairment of the other, and nine (1.5%) had bilateral visual impairment. Unilateral blindness developed in 82 (14%) patients, whereas 64 (11%) exhibited unilateral visual impairment. The most important cause of both blindness and visual impairment was cystoid macular oedema (29% and 41%, respectively). Complications of uveitis were encountered in more than half of the patients and 23% underwent one or more surgical procedures. When the patients were subdivided according to anatomical site, those with panuveitis had the worst visual prognosis. The systemic diseases associated with a poor visual prognosis were juvenile chronic arthritis and sarcoidosis. Ocular toxoplasmosis was the most frequent cause of unilateral visual loss. CONCLUSIONS: Cystoid macular oedema is the most frequent complication of uveitis and its occurrence plays a decisive role in the visual outcome of this disease.
Evaluation of the Entomopathogenic Fungi Beauveria bassiana and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus for Microbial Control of the Silverleaf Whitefly, Bemisia argentifolii☆

Abstract Collaborative research was conducted at the USDA-ARS Subtropical Agricultural Research Center in southern Texas to assess the microbial control potential of Beauveria bassiana and Paecilomyces fumosoroseus against Bemisia whiteflies. Laboratory assays demonstrated the capacity of both pathogens to infect Bemisia argentifolii nymphs on excised hibiscus leaves incubated at relative humidities as low as 25% at 23 ± 2°C (ca. 35% infection by B. bassiana and P. fumosoroseus resulted from applications of 0.6–1.4 × 10 3 conidia/mm 2 of leaf surface). In small-scale field trials using portable air-assist sprayers, applications at a high rate of 5 × 10 13 conidia in 180 liters water/ha produced conidial densities of ca. 1–2.5 × 10 3 conidia/mm 2 on the lower surfaces of cucurbit leaves. Multiple applications of one isolate of P. fumosoroseus and four isolates of B. bassiana made at this rate at 4- to 5-day intervals provided >90% control of large (third- and fourth-instar) nymphs on cucumbers and cantaloupe melons. The same rate applied at 7-day intervals also provided >90% control in zucchini squash, and a one-fourth rate (1.25 × 10 13 conidia/ha) applied at 4- to 5-day intervals reduced numbers of large nymphs by >85% in cantaloupe melons. In contrast to the high efficacy of the fungal applications against nymphs, effects against adult whiteflies were minimal. The results indicated that both B. bassiana and P. fumosoroseus have strong potential for microbial control of nymphal whiteflies infesting cucurbit crops.
Mendeley: teaching scholarly communication and collaboration through social networking

Purpose – This paper aims to highlight the productivity and collaborative features of Mendeley, a reference management tool, as well as recommendations on how Mendeley can be incorporated into an information literacy program.Design/methodology/approach – Results from a literature review and feedback from students and faculty were used to provide background for this paper. Mendeley's features and potential benefits to librarians and researchers are discussed.Findings – Feedback from students and faculty who use Mendeley are very positive owing to its productivity and social networking and collaboration features. The literature highlights Mendeley's usefulness in the context of citation management software.Practical implications – The paper provides useful tips and best practices for integrating Mendeley into information literacy sessions and workshops for students and faculty. The paper also discusses how teaching Mendeley can facilitate scholarly communication between researchers and broaden the role of l.
Entity classification by bag of Wikipedia articles

The input for a Bag-of-Articles (BOA) classifier is a set of unlabeled entities - noun chunks and a set of target labeled entities - Wikipedia articles. The classifier locates Wikipedia articles that might define the unlabeled entity and performs disambiguation selecting one. Both unlabeled and labeled entity is represented with the proposed BOA term weight vector, which is created by aggregating term weight vectors of articles related to the Wikipedia article defining it. The label is assigned by choosing the closest labeled entity, also a BOA term weight vector, with cosine similarity. The paper formally defines the BOA entity representation and BOA-based entity classification and presents a partial software implementation. A BOA-based disambiguation algorithm is presented as a planned extension.
Device Therapies: New Indications and Future Directions

Implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICDs), cardiac resynchronization (CRT) and combination (CRT-D) therapy have be-come an integral part of the management of patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). ICDs treat ventricular arrhythmia and CRTs improve left ventricular systolic function by resynchronizing ventricular contraction. De-vice therapies (ICD, CRT-D), have been shown to reduce all-cause mortality, including sudden cardiac death. Hospitaliza-tions are reduced with CRT and CRT-D therapy. Major device related complications include device infection, inappropriate shocks, lead malfunction and complications related to extraction of devices. Improvements in device design and implantation have included progressive miniaturization and increasing battery life of the device, optimization of response to CRT, and minimizing inappropriate device therapy. Additionally, better definition of the population with the greatest benefit is an area of active research.
Fortification of Foods with Vitamin D in India

Vitamin D deficiency is widely prevalent in India, despite abundant sunshine. Fortification of staple foods with vitamin D is a viable strategy to target an entire population. Vitamin D fortification programs implemented in the United States and Canada have improved the vitamin D status in these countries, but a significant proportion of the population is still vitamin D deficient. Before fortification programs are designed and implemented in India, it is necessary to study the efficacy of the American and Canadian vitamin D fortification programs and then improve upon them to suit the Indian scenario. This review explores potential strategies that could be used for the fortification of foods in the Indian context. These strategies have been proposed considering the diverse dietary practices necessitated by social, economic, cultural and religious practices and the diverse climatic conditions in India. Fortification of staple foods, such as chapati flour, maida, rice flour and rice, may be more viable strategies. Targeted fortification strategies to meet the special nutritional needs of children in India are discussed separately in a review entitled, “Fortification of foods with vitamin D in India: Strategies targeted at children”.
Factor Structure of Attention Capacities Measured With Eye-Tracking Tasks in 18-Month-Old Toddlers

Objective: Attention capacities are critical for adaptive functioning and development. Reliable assessment measures are needed for the study of attention capacities in early childhood. In the current study, we investigated the factor structure of the Utrecht Tasks of Attention in Toddlers Using Eye-tracking (UTATE) test battery that assesses attention capacities in 18-month-old toddlers with eye-tracking techniques. Method: The factor structure of 13 measures of attention capacities, based on four eye-tracking tasks, was investigated in a sample of 95 healthy toddlers (18 months of age) using confirmatory factor analysis. Results: Results showed that a three-factor model best fitted the data. The latent constructs reflected an orienting, alerting, and executive attention system. Conclusion: This study showed support for a three-factor model of attention capacities in 18-month-old toddlers. Further study is needed to investigate whether the model can also be used with children at risk of attention problems.
Disease-specific T-helper cell polarizing function of lesional dendritic cells in different types of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

RATIONALE Although eosinophilic and noneosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) exhibit distinct T-helper (Th) responses, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. OBJECTIVES To clarify the phenotypes and Th-cell polarizing functions of dendritic cells (DCs) in different types of CRSwNP. METHODS DC subsets, their surface phenotypes, and Th-cell subsets were studied by means of immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. The sorted lesional DCs were activated or cultured with autologous naive CD4(+) T cells, and cytokine production was determined by ELISA. Thymic stromal lymphopoietin and osteopontin expression were detected by means of reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Although elevated local Th1 and Th17 cells were noted in both eosinophilic and noneosinophilic CRSwNP, increased Th2 cells were found only in eosinophilic CRSwNP. Increased numbers of myeloid DCs, plasmacytoid DCs, and their activated subsets were found in both types of CRSwNP, but only myeloid DCs and plasmacytoid DCs from eosinophilic CRSwNP demonstrated an up-regulation of OX40 ligand (OX40L) and programmed death ligand 1(PD-L1) expression. Lesional DCs from both types of CRSwNP produced enhanced levels of IL-12, IL-6, and transforming growth factor-β, and induced increased Th1 and Th17 responses; in contrast, only DCs from eosinophilic CRSwNP induced obviously enhanced Th2 responses, when cocultured with naive CD4(+) T cells. Blockade of OX40L and PD-L1 on lesional DCs from eosinophilic CRSwNP suppressed Th2 responses, but promoted Th1 responses in DC-T cell coculture. CONCLUSIONS Distinct subsets of lesional DCs were found in eosinophilic and noneosinophilic CRSwNP, where OX40L/PD-L1(+) lesional DCs in eosinophilic CRSwNP could prime Th2 cells, whereas the low OX40L/PD-L1-expressing lesional DCs in noneosinophilic CRSwNP primarily induced Th1/Th17 cells.
The pharmacology of neurokinin receptors in addiction: prospects for therapy

Addiction is a chronic disorder in which consumption of a substance or a habitual behavior becomes compulsive and often recurrent, despite adverse consequences. Substance p (SP) is an undecapeptide and was the first neuropeptide of the neurokinin family to be discovered. The subsequent decades of research after its discovery implicated SP and its neurokinin relatives as neurotransmitters involved in the modulation of the reward pathway. Here, we review the neurokinin literature, giving a brief historical perspective of neurokinin pharmacology, localization in various brain regions involved in addictive behaviors, and the functional aspects of neurokinin pharmacology in relation to reward in preclinical models of addiction that have shaped the rational drug design of neurokinin antagonists that could translate into human research. Finally, we will cover the clinical investigations using neurokinin antagonists and discuss their potential as a therapy for drug abuse.
LSD-ABAC: Lightweight static and dynamic attributes based access control scheme for secure data access in mobile environment

Technology advancements in smart mobile devices empower mobile users by enhancing mobility, customizability and adaptability of computing environments. Mobile devices are now intelligent enough to capture dynamic attributes such as unlock failures, application usage, location and proximity of devices in and around its surrounding environment. Different users will have different set of values for these dynamic attributes. In traditional attribute based access control, users are authenticated to access restricted data using long term static attributes such as password, roles, and physical location. In this paper, in order to allow secure data access in mobile environment, we securely combine both the dynamic and static attributes and develop novel access control technique. Security and performance analyse show that the proposed scheme substantially reduces the computational complexity while enhances the security compare to the conventional schemes.
Concise Review: Cancer Cells, Cancer Stem Cells, and Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Influence in Cancer Development

Tumors are composed of different types of cancer cells that contribute to tumor heterogeneity. Among these populations of cells, cancer stem cells (CSCs) play an important role in cancer initiation and progression. Like their stem cells counterpart, CSCs are also characterized by self‐renewal and the capacity to differentiate. A particular population of CSCs is constituted by mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that differentiate into cells of mesodermal characteristics. Several studies have reported the potential pro‐or anti‐tumorigenic influence of MSCs on tumor initiation and progression. In fact, MSCs are recruited to the site of wound healing to repair damaged tissues, an event that is also associated with tumorigenesis. In other cases, resident or migrating MSCs can favor tumor angiogenesis and increase tumor aggressiveness. This interplay between MSCs and cancer cells is fundamental for cancerogenesis, progression, and metastasis. Therefore, an interesting topic is the relationship between cancer cells, CSCs, and MSCs, since contrasting reports about their respective influences have been reported. In this review, we discuss recent findings related to conflicting results on the influence of normal and CSCs in cancer development. The understanding of the role of MSCs in cancer is also important in cancer management. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2017;6:2115–2125
Pre‐operative amnesia

Memory for the journey to the operating theatre or intravenous induction of anaesthesia is little impaired by commonly used premedicants. Some anterograde amnesia follows the administration of hyoscine 0.4mg and opiate‐diazepam mixtures, while this occurs in about one‐quarter of the patients given diazepam‐hyoscine.
Symmetry and Scaling of Turbulent Mixing.

The stationary condition (Hopf equation) for the sn 1 1d-point correlation function of a passive scalar advected by turbulent flow is argued to have an approximate SL sn, Rd symmetry which provides a starting point for our phenomenological theory in which less symmetric terms are treated perturbatively. The large scale anisotropy is found to be a relevant field, in contradiction with Kolmogorov phenomenology, but in agreement with the large scalar skewness observed in shear flows. Exponents are not universal, yet quantitative predictions for experiments to test the SL sn, Rd symmetry can be formulated in terms of the correlation functions. [S0031-9007(96)01137-4]
Learning in cultural context : family, peers, and school

Introduction: Cultural Learning in Context Ashley E. Maynard Section I: Cultural Practices and Ways of Learning in Informal Settings Chapter 1: Sociocultural Contexts of Learning Mary Gauvain Chapter 2: Sustainability of Daily Routines as a Family Outcome Thomas S. Weisner, Catherine Matheson, Jennifer Coots, and Lucinda Bernheimer Chapter 3: An Ethnomodel of Teaching and Learning: Apprenticeship of Zinacantec Maya Women's Tasks Ashley E. Maynard and Patricia M. Greenfield Section II: Cultural Approaches to Supporting Early Learning in Preschoolers Chapter 4: Ola Ka Inoa (The Name Lives): Culture at Home and Early Education Outcomes of Hawaiian Children Shawn Kana'iaupuni and Iwalani Else Chapter 5: Cultural transmission of social knowledge in preschool: A Costa Rican perspective Helen Davis Chapter 6: Features of Teaching Associated with Significant Gains in Language Test Scores by Hawaiian Preschool Children Mary Martini Chapter 7: Learning Connections: A home-school partnership to enhance emergent literacy and emergent math skills in at-risk preschoolers Barbara DeBaryshe and Dana Gorecki Section III: Approaches to Supporting Learning in Middle- and High-School Settings Chapter 8: 'You Cannot Cheat the Footwork': Moral Training in Adolescent Dance Classes Laurie Schick Chapter 9: Enacting the Five Standards of Effective Pedagogy in a Culturally Relevant High School Program Lois Yamauchi, Tasha Wyatt-Beck, and Jacquelin H. Carroll Chapter 10: Aligning Practice to Theory: Attitudes of Students in Re-cultured and Comprehensive High Schools Nina Buchanan
miR-30 Regulates Mitochondrial Fission through Targeting p53 and the Dynamin-Related Protein-1 Pathway

miRNAs participate in the regulation of apoptosis. However, it remains largely unknown as to how miRNAs are integrated into the apoptotic program. Mitochondrial fission is involved in the initiation of apoptosis. It is not yet clear whether miRNAs are able to regulate mitochondrial fission. Here we report that miR-30 family members are able to regulate apoptosis by targeting the mitochondrial fission machinery. Our data show that miR-30 family members can inhibit mitochondrial fission and the consequent apoptosis. In exploring the underlying molecular mechanism, we identified that miR-30 family members can suppress p53 expression. In response to the apoptotic stimulation, the expression levels of miR-30 family members were reduced, whereas p53 was upregulated. p53 transcriptionally activated the mitochondrial fission protein, dynamin-related protein-1 (Drp1). The latter conveyed the apoptotic signal of p53 by initiating the mitochondrial fission program. miR-30 family members inhibited mitochondrial fission through suppressing the expression of p53 and its downstream target Drp1. Our data reveal a novel model in which a miRNA can regulate apoptosis through targeting the mitochondrial fission machinery.
Academic Freedom, Tenure, and Student Evaluation of Faculty: Galloping Polls in the 21st Century.

Despite a history of conflicting research on the reliability and validity of student evaluation of faculty (SEF) it has typically not been viewed as an infringement on academic freedom. When it is suggested that SEF may impinge on academic freedom, it is often considered an attack on either student rights, or on the process of evaluating faculty performance in general. Faculty and educational administrator views and surveys are reviewed as SEF is used in salary, promotion and tenure decisions. It is suggested that the literature shows that SEF infringe on instructional responsibilities of faculty by providing a control mechanism over curricular, course content, grading, and teaching methodology. It is further suggested that SEF play a significant role in current attacks on tenure, and that its role in a demographically diverse 21st century educational system has changed from its benign historical origins. It is concluded that contrary to current views, SEF is a serious unrecognized infringement on academic freedom.
Quantitative Risk Assessment of Norovirus Transmission in Food Establishments: Evaluating the Impact of Intervention Strategies and Food Employee Behavior on the Risk Associated with Norovirus in Foods

We developed a quantitative risk assessment model using a discrete event framework to quantify and study the risk associated with norovirus transmission to consumers through food contaminated by infected food employees in a retail food setting. This study focused on the impact of ill food workers experiencing symptoms of diarrhea and vomiting and potential control measures for the transmission of norovirus to foods. The model examined the behavior of food employees regarding exclusion from work while ill and after symptom resolution and preventive measures limiting food contamination during preparation. The mean numbers of infected customers estimated for 21 scenarios were compared to the estimate for a baseline scenario representing current practices. Results show that prevention strategies examined could not prevent norovirus transmission to food when a symptomatic employee was present in the food establishment. Compliance with exclusion from work of symptomatic food employees is thus critical, with an estimated range of 75–226% of the baseline mean for full to no compliance, respectively. Results also suggest that efficient handwashing, handwashing frequency associated with gloving compliance, and elimination of contact between hands, faucets, and door handles in restrooms reduced the mean number of infected customers to 58%, 62%, and 75% of the baseline, respectively. This study provides quantitative data to evaluate the relative efficacy of policy and practices at retail to reduce norovirus illnesses and provides new insights into the interactions and interplay of prevention strategies and compliance in reducing transmission of foodborne norovirus.
The role of trastuzumab in the management of salivary ductal carcinomas.

BACKGROUND Salivary ductal carcinoma (SDC) is a high-grade malignancy, and molecular studies show frequent overexpression of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). We reviewed our experience with molecular-targeted therapy using trastuzumab for patients with HER2-positive SDC. PATIENTS AND METHODS The records of all patients treated with trastuzumab for HER2-tested SDC at The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center between 1997 and 2011 were reviewed. RESULTS Thirteen patients with SDC overexpressing HER2 were treated with trastuzumab as a single agent or in combination with chemotherapy. Ten of these had 3+ immunohistochemistry or HER2 gene amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization. Patients underwent therapy in the surgical adjuvant setting (n=2), as a component of combined therapy for advanced disease (n=8), or as single therapy near end of life (n=3). Treatment efficacy via radiographic review for response could not be assessed. CONCLUSION Trastuzumab should undergo prospective therapeutic clinical trials, in SDC which will likely require international cooperation.