Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Diet and cancer in Mediterranean countries: carbohydrates and fats

Abstract Objective Several aspects of the diet characteristic of the Mediterranean countries are considered favourable not only on cardiovascular disease, but also on cancer risk. We considered some aspects of the Mediterranean diet (including, in particular, the consumption of olive oil and carbohydrates) on cancer risk. Design, Setting and Subjects Data were derived from a series of case-control studies, conducted in Italy since the early 1990s, on over 10 000 cases of thirteen cancer sites and over 17 000 controls. Results Olive oil, and other mono- and unsaturated fats, appear to be favourable indicators of breast, ovarian, colorectal, but mostly of upper aero-digestive tract cancers. Whole grain foods are also related to reduced risk of upper aero-digestive tract and various other cancers. In contrast, refined grain intake and, consequently, glycaemic index and glycaemic load were associated to increased risk for several cancer sites. Fish, and hence a diet rich in n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, tended to be another favourable diet indicator, while frequent red meat intake was directly related to some common neoplasms. An a priori defined Mediterranean diet score was inversely related to upper digestive and respiratory tract cancers. Conclusions These data provide additional evidence that major characteristics of the Mediterranean diet favourably affect cancer risk.
Dislocating China : reflections on Muslims, minorities, and other subaltern subjects

Until quite recently, Western scholars have tended to accept the Chinese representation of non-Han groups as marginalized minorities. Dru C. Gladney challenges this simplistic view, arguing instead that the very oppositions of majority and minority, primitive and modern, are historically constructed and are belied by examination of such disenfranchised groups as Muslims, minorities, or gendered others. Gladney locates China and Chinese culture not in some unchanging, essential "Chinese-ness," but in the context of historical and contemporary multicultural complexity. He investigates how this complexity plays out among a variety of places and groups, examining representations of minorities and majorities in art, movies, and theme parks; the invention of folklore and creation myths; the role of pilgrimages in constructing local identities; and the impact of globalization and economic reforms on non-Han groups such as the Muslim Hui. In the end, Gladney argues that just as peoples in the West have defined themselves against ethnic others, so too have the Chinese defined themselves against marginalized groups in their own society.
Socio-Economic Analysis of Child Labor in the Carpet Industry of Kashmir - A Micro Study

In the present paper an attempt has been made to study socio economic characteristics of working children in the Carpet Industry of Kashmir. It includes their social profile, age, education, nature of employment, family type, economic status, child's contribution to family income etc. Based on the primary data the study reveals most of the child labors were in the age group of 11 -14 years and among them female child labor outnumber male child labor. Economic compulsion and educational backwardness of parents were the main reasons forcing children to leave the school and join labor market at different point of time. Our analysis shows that there is negative correlation between percentage contribution of child labor to family income and total household income. In other words as family income increases, the proportion of child's contribution to family income decreases and vice- versa. Keywords: Child labour, sex, education, employment, family, dropout, carpet industry.
Small-sized granules of biphasic bone substitutes support fast implant bed vascularization

The present study investigated the influence of granule size of 2 biphasic bone substitutes (BoneCeramic® 400–700 μm and 500–1000 μm) on the induction of multinucleated giant cells (MNGCs) and implant bed vascularization in a subcutaneous implantation model in rats. Furthermore, degradation mechanisms and particle phagocytosis of both materials were examined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Both granule types induced tissue reactions involving primarily mononuclear cells and only small numbers of MNGCs. Higher numbers of MNGCs were detected in the group with small granules starting on day 30, while higher vascularization was observed only at day 10 in this group. TEM analysis revealed that both mono- and multinucleated cells were involved in the phagocytosis of the materials. Additionally, the results allowed recognition of the MNGCs as the foreign body giant cell phenotype. Histomorphometrical analysis of the size of phagocytosed particles showed no differences between the 2 granule types. The results indicate that granule size seems to have impact on early implant bed vascularization and also on the induction of MNGCs in the late phase of the tissue reaction. Furthermore, the results revealed that a synthetic bone substitute material can induce tissue reactions similar to those of some xenogeneic materials, thus pointing to a need to elucidate their “ideal” physical characteristics. The results also show that granule size in the range studied did not alter phagocytosis by mononuclear cells. Finally, the investigation substantiates the differentiation of material-induced MNGCs, which are of the foreign body giant cell type.
An Exactly Solvable Asymmetric Neural Network Model

We consider a diluted and nonsymmetric version of the Little-Hopfield model which can be solved exactly. We obtain the analytic expression of the evolution of one configuration having a finite overlap on one stored pattern. We show that even when the system remembers, two different configurations which remain close to the same pattern never become identical. Lastly, we show that when two stored patterns are correlated, there exists a regime for which the system remembers these patterns without being able to distinguish them.
POPULAR EXHIBITIONS, SCIENCE AND SHOWMANSHIP, 1840-1910

Introduction - Joe Kember, John Plunkett and Jill A Sullivan Part I: Science and Spectacle 1 Spectacle in Leicester Square: James Wyld's Great Globe, 1851-61 - Bernard Lightman 2 Fetes, Bazaars and Conversaziones: Science, Entertainment and Local Civic Elites - John Plunkett and Jill A Sullivan 3 The Afterlife of Freak Shows - Fiona Pettit Part II: Word and Image 4 Beyond Scientific Spectacle: Image and Word in Nineteenth-Century Popular Lecturing - Martin Hewitt 5 Daniel William Cahill and the Rhetorical Geography of Science and Religion - Diarmid A Finnegan 6 Narrativizing 'The World's Show': The Great Exhibition, Panoramic Views and Print Supplements - Verity Hunt Part III: Staging Knowledge 7 The Talking Fish: Performance and Delusion in the Victorian Exhibition - Caroline Radcliffe 8 Representation, Race and the Zoological Real in the Great Gorilla Controversy of 1861 - John Miller 9 On Wonder: Situating the Spectacle in Spiritualism and Performance Magic - Martin Willis Part IV: The Politics of Display 10 Meeting the Zulus: Displayed Peoples and the Shows of London, 1853-79 - Sadiah Qureshi 11 Unwrapping the Past: Egyptian Mummies on Show - Beverley Rogers 12 'The Wandering Friend' Andrew Carnegie's Dinosaur Invades Europe, 1902-14 - Ilja Nieuwland
Further Evidence on the Link Between Finance and Cyclical Fluctuations

This paper explores the possibility that financial market development mitigates cyclical fluctuations in several developing countries. The paper uses the GARCH approach to account for the time-varying behavior of macroeconomic volatility, and distinguishes between overall and sectoral macroeconomic volatility. Results from co-integration and error-correction models suggest that financial market development (alternatively measured) does exert a robust long-term dampening effect on macroeconomic volatility. In contrast, short-term effects of financial development on cyclical fluctuations are generally tenuous, or non-existent. These findings imply that financial reforms can contribute to macroeconomic stability, but only if these reforms persist over a prolonged period of time. The results also suggest that financial reforms impact economic sectors differently across the countries examined.
Moduli Spaces of Semistable Sheaves on Projective Deligne-Mumford Stacks

We introduce a notion of Gieseker stability for coherent sheaves on tame Deligne-Mumford stacks with projective moduli scheme and some chosen generating sheaf on the stack in the sense of Olsson and Starr \cite{MR2007396}. We prove that this stability condition is open, and pure dimensional semistable sheaves form a bounded family. We explicitly construct the moduli stack of semistable sheaves as a finite type global quotient, and study the moduli scheme of stable sheaves and its natural compactification in the same spirit as the seminal paper of Simpson \cite{MR1307297}. With this general machinery we are able to retrieve, as special cases, results of Lieblich \cite{MR2309155} and Yoshioka \cite{MR2306170} about moduli of twisted sheaves and parabolic stability introduced by Maruyama-Yokogawa in \cite{MR1162674}.
Non-fixation in infinite potential

Under the effects of strong genetic drift, it is highly probable to observe gene fixation or loss in a population, shown by divergent probability density functions, or infinite adaptive peaks on a landscape. It is then interesting to ask what such infinite peaks imply, with or without combining other biological factors (e.g. mutation and selection). We study the stochastic escape time from the generated infinite adaptive peaks, and show that Kramers' classical escape formula can be extended to the non-Gaussian distribution cases. The constructed landscape provides a global description for system's middle and long term behaviors, breaking the constraints in previous methods.
In Vitro Study of Mutagenesis Induced by Crocidolite-Exposed Alveolar Macrophages NR8383 in Cocultured Big Blue Rat2 Embryonic Fibroblasts

Asbestos-induced mutagenicity in the lung may involve reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) released by alveolar macrophages. With the aim of proposing an alternative in vitro mutagenesis test, a coculture system of rat alveolar macrophages (NR8383) and transgenic Big Blue Rat2 embryonic fibroblasts was developed and tested with a crocidolite sample. Crocidolite exposure induced no detectable increase in ROS production from NR8383, contrasting with the oxidative burst that occurred following a brief exposure (1 hour) to zymosan, a known macrophage activator. In separated cocultures, crocidolite and zymosan induced different changes in the gene expressions involved in cellular inflammation in NR8383 and Big Blue. In particular, both particles induced up-regulation of iNOS expression in Big Blue, suggesting the formation of potentially genotoxic nitrogen species. However, crocidolite exposure in separated or mixed cocultures induced no mutagenic effects whereas an increase in Big Blue mutants was detected after exposure to zymosan in mixed cocultures. NR8383 activation by crocidolite is probably insufficient to induce in vitro mutagenic events. The mutagenesis assay based on the coculture of NR8383 and Big Blue cannot be used as an alternative in vitro method to assess the mutagenic properties of asbestos fibres.
Tracing object-oriented code into functional requirements

Software system documentation is almost always expressed informally, in natural language and free text. Examples include requirement specifications, design documents, manual pages, system development journals, error logs and related maintenance reports. We propose an approach to establish and maintain traceability links between source code and free text documents. A premise of our work is that programmers use meaningful names for program items, such as functions, variables, types, classes, and methods. We believe that the application-domain knowledge that programmers process when writing the code is often captured by the mnemonics for identifiers; therefore, the analysis of these mnemonics can help to associate high level concepts with program concepts, and vice-versa. The approach is applied to software written in an object oriented language, namely Java, to trace classes to functional requirements.
Optimal design of fixture layout in multistation assembly processes

This paper presents a methodology for the optimal design of fixture layouts in multistation assembly processes. An optimal fixture layout improves the robustness of a fixture system against environmental noises, reduces product variability, and leads to manufacturing cost reduction. Three key aspects of the multistation fixture layout design are addressed: a multistation variation propagation model, a quantitative measure of fixture design, and an effective and efficient optimization algorithm. One of the challenges raised by this multistation design is that a high-dimension design space, which usually embeds a lot of local optimums, will have to be explored. Consequently, it makes a global optimality more difficult and, if an inefficient algorithm is used, may require prohibitive computing time. In this paper, exchange algorithms, originally developed in the research of optimal experimental design, are adopted and further revised to optimize fixture layouts in a multistation process. The revised exchange algorithm provides a good tradeoff between optimality and efficiency: it remarkably reduces the computing time without sacrificing the optimal value. A four-station assembly process for a sports utility vehicle sideframe is used throughout the paper to illustrate the relevant concepts and the resulting methodology. Note to practitioners-This paper was motivated by the problem of planning a fixture locator layout in a multistation assembly process. Existing approaches generally focused on planning fixture locator layouts on a single workstation. In a multistation production process, such as an automobile body assembly process, the fixture locating holes used on one station will be reused on different stations, which could cause a station-to-station coupling in variation propagation. In other words, dimensional variation could originate from fixture elements on every station, propagate along the production line, and accumulate on the final assembly. Station-wise fixture layout design may not necessarily lead to a good solution because it overlooks the variation coupling and propagation effect. In this paper, we modeled the variation propagation across multiple stations and provided a quantitative characterization of the performance of fixture layout with the presence of environmental noises. Then, we recommended an efficient computation algorithm to solve for the optimal fixture layout. Our results showed that the multistation layout design is different from a single station one; some intuitions gained from single-station design work may not be still valid. The current work is based on a two-dimensional, rigid panel assembly model. The extension to accommodate more sophisticated two-dimensional, complaint-part assembly processes is much needed in the future research.
Multi-Scale Pixel-Based Image Fusion Using Multivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition

A novel scheme to perform the fusion of multiple images using the multivariate empirical mode decomposition (MEMD) algorithm is proposed. Standard multi-scale fusion techniques make a priori assumptions regarding input data, whereas standard univariate empirical mode decomposition (EMD)-based fusion techniques suffer from inherent mode mixing and mode misalignment issues, characterized respectively by either a single intrinsic mode function (IMF) containing multiple scales or the same indexed IMFs corresponding to multiple input images carrying different frequency information. We show that MEMD overcomes these problems by being fully data adaptive and by aligning common frequency scales from multiple channels, thus enabling their comparison at a pixel level and subsequent fusion at multiple data scales. We then demonstrate the potential of the proposed scheme on a large dataset of real-world multi-exposure and multi-focus images and compare the results against those obtained from standard fusion algorithms, including the principal component analysis (PCA), discrete wavelet transform (DWT) and non-subsampled contourlet transform (NCT). A variety of image fusion quality measures are employed for the objective evaluation of the proposed method. We also report the results of a hypothesis testing approach on our large image dataset to identify statistically-significant performance differences.
Exploring the Design Process and Components of an Elementary Literacy Guide in an Ontario School Board Initiative

ii Acknowledgements iii List of Tables vi List of Figures vii CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY 1 Background of the Problem 2 Statement of the Problem 7 Purpose of the Study 8 Research Questions 8 Rationale 8 Theoretical Framework 9 Scope and Limitations of the Study 11 Summary 12 CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE 14 Professional Learning 14 Literacy Resources 26 Effective Literacy Practices 34 Summary 41 CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY AND RESEARCH DESIGN 43 The Project: The Reading and Writing Initiative 43 Research Design 44 Selection of Participants 45 Instrumentation 48 Data Collection 50 Data Analysis 51 Methodological Assumptions 51 Ethical Considerations 53 Summary 53 CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION OF RESULTS 55 The Design Process for the Guide 55 The Guide and Its Components 71 Educators’ Perceptions of the Design Process and the Guide 74 Summary 96 CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, DISCUSSION, AND IMPLICATIONS 98 Summary of the Study 99 Discussion 103 Implications 114 Conclusion 119
Negative Life Events and Attempted Suicide in Rural China

Objective This study aimed to examine the association between negative life events (NLEs) and attempted suicide in rural China. Methods Six rural counties were selected from disease surveillance points in Shandong province, China. A total of 409 suicide attempters in rural areas between October 1, 2009, and March 31, 2011, and an equal number of matched controls were interviewed. We compared negative life events experienced within 1 month, 1–3 months, 3–6months, and 6–2 months prior to attempted suicide for cases and prior to interview for controls. We used multivariate logistic regression to examine the association between NLEs and attempted suicide. Results Suicide attempters experienced more NLEs within the last year prior to suicide attempt than controls prior to interview (83.1% vs. 33.5%). There was a significant dose-response relationship between NLEs experienced within the last year and increased risk of attempted suicide. Timing of NLEs analysis showed that NLEs experienced in the last month and 6–12 months prior to suicide attempt were significantly associated with elevated risk of attempted suicide, even after adjusting for mental disorders and demographic factors. Of NLEs, quarrelling with spouse, quarrelling with other family members, conflicting with friends or neighbors, family financial difficulty, and serious illness were independently related to attempted suicide. Conclusion NLEs are significantly associated with increased risk for attempted suicide in rural China. Stress management and intervention may be important to prevent suicidal behavior in rural China.
Consumer Adoption of Wi-Fi Network: The Role of Security Knowledge, Perceived Threat and Security Measures

In this paper, we developed conceptual frameworks for studying consumer adoption of Wi-Fi network and its security measures. We collected data from users of Wi-Fi network in a large insurance firm and universities in Hong Kong. The findings indicate that security knowledge is a significant mediator of attitude effect on Wi-Fi adoption. Furthermore, consumer adoption of security measures is influenced by security knowledge and perceived threat.
The Effects of Exposure to Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields in the Treatment of Migraine Headache: A Cohort Study

Introduction Findings have indicated that increased usage of mobile phones may be concomitant with higher rate of headache attacks due to the low radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF). The aim of this study was to determine the effects of low RF-EMF on the treatment outcome in migraine patients. Methods This cohort study was performed on 114 migraine patients referred to the Neurology Clinic of Golestan Hospital in Ahvaz, Southwest Iran, from September 2014 to March 2015. Patients with migraine were interviewed using a standardized questionnaire exploring mobile phones, Wi-Fi devices and fixed-line telephone use as RF-EMF sources. After 3 months, we determined patients’ response to treatment. Generalized estimating equation (GEE) tests were carried out to analyze data, using SPSS version 17. Results Out of 114 individuals who participated, 82 (71.9%) were female and 32 (28.1%) cases were male. The number and severity of migraine headaches were correlated significantly with an increased use of mobile phones during day and Wi-Fi per week (p<0.05). The usage of fixed-line telephones had no significant relationship with the study variables (p>0.05). Conclusion It is recommended that the patients with migraine headache limit mobile phone use and instead, use the fixed-line telephone for their daily telecommunications.
Trade, Productivity and Institutional Quality: Issues and Empirics

We estimate the relationship between productivity and trade for a panel of countries over the period 1980 to 2000 using instrumental-variables estimation of a productivity equation. We note that some estimates of productivity gains attributed to trade capture instead the roles of institutions and geography. The endogeneity of trade and institutional quality is accounted for by using instruments. We extend the Frankel and Romer (1999) specification, using real openness to measure trade (following Alcala and Ciccone, 2004), which allows for identification of channels through which trade and production scale affect productivity. The trade instrument is based on a ? theoretically motivated? gravity equation. The instruments for institutional quality come from Gwartney, Holcombe and Lawson (2004). Contrary to Alcala and Ciccone, our results suggest no robust relationship between real openness and labour productivity in the 1980s. Conversely, the relationship between productivity and real openness appears to be robust from 1990 onwards and similarly in the case of institutional quality. We also find evidence implying that countries with low-quality institutions are also able to benefit from openness to trade.