Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Late Replication Domains in Polytene and Non-Polytene Cells of Drosophila melanogaster

In D. melanogaster polytene chromosomes, intercalary heterochromatin (IH) appears as large dense bands scattered in euchromatin and comprises clusters of repressed genes. IH displays distinctly low gene density, indicative of their particular regulation. Genes embedded in IH replicate late in the S phase and become underreplicated. We asked whether localization and organization of these late-replicating domains is conserved in a distinct cell type. Using published comprehensive genome-wide chromatin annotation datasets (modENCODE and others), we compared IH organization in salivary gland cells and in a Kc cell line. We first established the borders of 60 IH regions on a molecular map, these regions containing underreplicated material and encompassing ∼12% of Drosophila genome. We showed that in Kc cells repressed chromatin constituted 97% of the sequences that corresponded to IH bands. This chromatin is depleted for ORC-2 binding and largely replicates late. Differences in replication timing between the cell types analyzed are local and affect only sub-regions but never whole IH bands. As a rule such differentially replicating sub-regions display open chromatin organization, which apparently results from cell-type specific gene expression of underlying genes. We conclude that repressed chromatin organization of IH is generally conserved in polytene and non-polytene cells. Yet, IH domains do not function as transcription- and replication-regulatory units, because differences in transcription and replication between cell types are not domain-wide, rather they are restricted to small “islands” embedded in these domains. IH regions can thus be defined as a special class of domains with low gene density, which have narrow temporal expression patterns, and so displaying relatively conserved organization.
A 3D extension to cortex like mechanisms for 3D object class recognition

We introduce a novel 3D extension to the hierarchical visual cortex model used for prior work in 2D object recognition. Prior work on the use of the visual cortex standard model for the explicit task of object class recognition has solely concentrated on 2D imagery. In this paper we discuss the explicit 3D extension of each layer in this visual cortex model hierarchy for use in object recognition in 3D volumetric imagery. We apply this extended methodology to the automatic detection of a class of threat items in Computed Tomography (CT) security baggage imagery. The CT imagery suffers from poor resolution and a large number of artefacts generated through the presence of metallic objects. In our examination of recognition performance we make a comparison to a codebook approach derived from a 3D SIFT descriptor and demonstrate that the visual cortex method out-performs in this imagery. Recognition rates in excess of 95% with minimal false positive rates are demonstrated in the detection of a range of threat items.
From here to there and back again: the story of a mother, her son, disability, and school choice

ABSTRACT Nelly and her children live in Queensland, Australia. When it came time for her second youngest son to start school, Nelly was not prepared for the difficulty that she had enrolling him at the school of her choice. In spite of her son's disability, Nelly thought that it was natural that he would go to his local school with his sister. It is not surprising that she expected this, given the legal and policy endorsement of inclusive education that exists in the Queensland education system. What unfolded in Nelly's life as she pursued this enrolment is the subject of this article. This is the story of a mother who believed in and hoped for inclusive schooling for her son but who found herself caught in a series of events and experiences which ultimately led to the decision to transfer him into a special school. This is also the story of how, disillusioned and regretful, she went on to undo that decision. Told primarily in Nelly's own words, this narrative provides a deep insight into one mother's efforts to exercise her parental authority, the difficulties she encountered in trying to do so, and the consequences for her son.
Investigating young people’s experiences of successful or helpful psychological interventions for tic disorders: An Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis study

There is emerging evidence for talking therapies in the treatment of tic disorders. This study explored experiences of young people who self-identified as having had a successful or helpful talking therapy, in order to understand the phenomenology, value and meaning of outcomes. The experiences of seven participants aged 10–17 years were described in semi-structured interviews and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Themes included the challenging battle with tics and process of re-defining self-identity, making sense of and managing experiences, the value of control, and spectrum of positive change. The results highlighted valued outcomes that could be incorporated into clinical practice and future evaluation.
Effects of Meridian acupressure for stroke patients in Korea.

AIM To examine the effects of Meridian acupressure on the functions of affected upper extremities, activity of daily living and depression for stroke patients. BACKGROUND The handicaps of stroke patients necessitate multidisciplinary rehabilitation, which is aimed at decreasing the consequences of the illness in daily functions. In traditional Chinese medicine, Meridian acupressure has been used for rehabilitation of affected upper extremities of hemiplegia stroke patients in clinical practice. DESIGN Randomised clinical trial. METHOD Sample was 56 consecutive stroke patients in K Oriental hospital. Meridian acupressure was applied every day for 10 min per time in the experimental group (28 subjects) for two weeks. Routine care only was applied in the control group (28 subjects). Measures were a hand dynamometer for grip power, a 15-point graphic rating scale for pain, the distance round the index finger for oedema, electrogoniometry for the passive ROM of the upper extremities, the activity of daily living scale for activity of daily living and the six-face rating scale for depression. Data were collected from March 2003-September 2004. RESULTS There were significant differences in functions of affected upper extremities, activity of daily living and depression between experimental and control group. CONCLUSIONS Meridian acupressure was an effective intervention for improving the movement of the affected upper extremities, increasing activity of daily living and decreasing depression of hemiplegia stroke patients. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Health professionals need to consider an array of methods including Meridian acupressure for the rehabilitation of stroke patients. Meridian acupressure has the potential as an alternative nursing intervention for multidisciplinary rehabilitation of stroke patients in practice.
Fast-ion redistribution and loss due to edge perturbations in the ASDEX Upgrade, DIII-D and KSTAR tokamaks

The impact of edge localized modes (ELMs) and externally applied resonant and non-resonant magnetic perturbations (MPs) on fast-ion confinement/transport have been investigated in the ASDEX Upgrade (AUG), DIII-D and KSTAR tokamaks. Two phases with respect to the ELM cycle can be clearly distinguished in ELM-induced fast-ion losses. Inter-ELM losses are characterized by a coherent modulation of the plasma density around the separatrix while intra-ELM losses appear as well-defined bursts. In high collisionality plasmas with mitigated ELMs, externally applied MPs have little effect on kinetic profiles, including fast-ions, while a strong impact on kinetic profiles is observed in low-collisionality, low q95 plasmas with resonant and non-resonant MPs. In low-collisionality H-mode plasmas, the large fast-ion filaments observed during ELMs are replaced by a loss of fast-ions with a broad-band frequency and an amplitude of up to an order of magnitude higher than the neutral beam injection prompt loss signal without MPs. A clear synergy in the overall fast-ion transport is observed between MPs and neoclassical tearing modes. Measured fast-ion losses are typically on banana orbits that explore the entire pedestal/scrape-off layer. The fast-ion response to externally applied MPs presented here may be of general interest for the community to better understand the MP field penetration and overall plasma response.
Expression of a Novel Murine Phospholipase D Homolog Coincides with Late Neuronal Development in the Forebrain*

Members of the phospholipase D (PLD) superfamily are defined by the conserved HXKXXXXD motif, which is essential for the catalytic function of mammalian PLD. PLD enzymes are thought to play roles in signal transduction and membrane vesicular trafficking in mammalian cells. Here we describe a 54-kDa novel murine polypeptide (designated SAM-9) that is predicted to be a membrane-associated member of the PLD superfamily. SAM-9 shares 40, 30, and 29% amino acid identity with potential orthologs, in vaccinia virus, Caenorhabditis elegans, and Dictyostelium discoideum, respectively, and belongs to a subclass of PLD homologs in which the second HXKXXXXD motif is imperfect and harbors a conserved Asp to Glu substitution. Thesam-9 gene has more than eight exons, and the two HXKXXXXD motifs are encoded by two highly conserved exons. The expression of the sam-9 gene is greater in the brain than in non-nervous tissue and appears to be predominantly of neuronal origin. sam-9 expression is pronounced in mature neurons of the forebrain and appears to be turned on at late stages of neurogenesis as revealed by in situhybridization analysis of sam-9 expression during postnatal development of the hippocampal formation and the primary somatosensory cortex.
UPnP Approach for Robot Middleware

This paper presents an approach to utilize UPnP as a middleware for robots. It describes the advantages of UPnP by comparing UPnP with TAO CORBA that was used in a few robot development projects. In order to consider real situation, we select a sample robot architecture, and examine the possibility of UPnP as a robot middleware with the robot architecture. This paper shows how UPnP architecture can be applied to building a robot in the view of software architecture, message mapping, realtime, network selection, performance, memory footprint, and deployment issues.
Highly Sensitive Colorimetric Detection of Ochratoxin A by a Label-Free Aptamer and Gold Nanoparticles

A label-free aptamer-based assay for the highly sensitive and specific detection of Ochratoxin A (OTA) was developed using a cationic polymer and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The OTA aptamer was used as a recognition element for the colorimetric detection of OTA based on the aggregation of AuNPs by the cationic polymer. By spectroscopic quantitative analysis, the colorimetric assay could detect OTA down to 0.009 ng/mL with high selectivity in the presence of other interfering toxins. This study offers a new alternative in visual detection methods that is rapid and sensitive for OTA detection.
Evidential adverbials in Lithuanian: a corpus-based study

The present study examines the functional distribution of the adverbials akivaizdžiai ‘evidently’, aiskiai ‘clearly’, ryskiai ‘visibly/clearly’, tariamai ‘allegedly/supposedly’ and aisku ‘clearly/of course’ in Lithuanian fiction and academic discourse. The aim of the study is to identify the evidential and/or pragmatic functions of perception and communication-based adverbials which can be traced synchronically to different syntactic environment (a predication manner adverbial and a CTP clause). The paper examines the frequency of these adverbials, their position, scope, functions, co-occurrence with argumentative markers, word class (adverb or non-agreeing adjective) and the type of discourse they occur in. The research is conducted by applying a corpus-based methodology and the data are obtained from the Corpus of the Contemporary Lithuanian Language, namely from the subcorpus of fiction, and the Corpus of Academic Lithuanian. The perception-based adverbials akivaizdžiai ‘evidently’, aiskiai ‘clearly’, ryskiai ‘clearly/visibly’ and aisku ‘clearly/of course’ denote inferences drawn from perceptual and conceptual evidence and contribute to persuasive authorial argumentation, while the communication-based adverbial tariamai ‘allegedly/supposedly’ functions as a hearsay marker. The latter may also be used as an epistemic marker which refers to unreal or imagined situations. In contexts of common knowledge, the adverbial aisku ‘clearly/of course’ acquires interactional and textual functions and thus reveals traces of pragmaticalisation. In academic discourse, it signals interaction with the addressee and links units of discourse, while in fiction it functions as a speech act modifier in a variety of emotive contexts. The pragmaticalisation of aisku ‘clearly/of course’ is also marked by its high frequency, positional mobility (initial, medial, final) and scopal variability (clausal, phrasal). Alongside its discrete evidential and pragmatic functions, the adverbial aisku ‘clearly/of course’ displays the merger of the two functions. The adverbials akivaizdžiai ‘evidently’, aiskiai ‘clearly’, ryskiai ‘visibly/clearly’ and tariamai ‘allegedly/supposedly’ do not acquire a pragmatic function, which is indicated by their frequency and position. The results of the present study corroborate the findings of previous studies that common sources of evidential adverbials and pragmatic markers in Lithuanian are verb-based, adjective-based and noun-based CTP clauses.
Reproductive motivation in Russian women in the family context

Abstract Objective: This article presents an investigation of characteristics of reproductive motivation, reasons for not having children, and the propensity towards attempting a premeditated abortion in Russian women in early and middle adulthood. Method: Sixty-eight married women (34 childless women (20–25 years old) and 34 women with children (26–35 years)) were assessed on a number of measures. Results: There was no difference in reproductive motives between the two groups of women. The most significant difference is that, unlike younger women’s, middle-aged women’s reproductive motives correlate with life goals and locus of control. However, a large difference was found across two groups in the reasons for not having a baby. Younger women give more reasons for not having children. They specify that a child interferes with self-actualisation, limits social contacts and creates marital problems. In middle adulthood women tend to specify material (financial) difficulties as a reason for not having baby. Regarding premeditated abortion, there is no big difference between groups in attitudes towards it, but the reasons differ from a conflict between children and career in younger women to problems in the wider family system for more mature women. Conclusion: Although there is no significant difference in direct reproductive motivations between both groups, each age has its own specific instrumental reproductive and reproductive refusal motives.
A survey of non-expert surgeons using the open tension-free mesh patch repair for primary inguinal hernias.

UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to learn if general surgeons with no special interest in hernia repairs, using the open tension free repair, could achieve a degree of success comparable to that of the experts. MATERIALS AND METHODS A survey was undertaken of 72 surgeons who were known to be performing an open tension-free onlay mesh patch repair for primary inguinal hernias with no attempt to suture together the edges of the hernia defect. While several European surgeons were included, most were from the United States. RESULTS There was a minimal amount of wound infection, an absence of mesh rejection when Marlex mesh was used, and a recurrence rate under 0.5% in 16,068 operations. CONCLUSIONS The experience of the non-experts demonstrated that excellent results were attained by surgeons who had no special interest in hernia surgery and testifies to the simplicity and reliability of the method.
Increased prevalence of celiac disease in patients with unexplained infertility in the United States

Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder which can present with a variety of non-gastrointestinal manifestations. In women, it may manifest with an assortment of gynecologic or obstetric disorders. Some reports have linked female infertility with undiagnosed celiac disease. Though there are a number of studies from Europe and the Middle East, only two prior American studies have examined the prevalence of “silent” celiac disease in a female infertility population. We prospectively performed serologic screening for celiac disease in 188 infertile women (ages 25– 39). While we did not demonstrate an increased prevalence of celiac disease in our overall infertile female population, we were able to detect a significantly increased prevalence (5.9%) of undiagnosed celiac disease among women presenting with unexplained infertility (n=51). Our findings suggest the importance of screening infertile female patients, particularly those with unexplained infertility, for celiac disease.
Somatostatin-Like Immunoreactivity (SLI) in Pancreatic and Intestinal Tissues of the Duck. A Possible Origin for the Portal Circulating SLI

Substances with Somatostatin-Like Immunoreactivity (SLI) were extracted using 2 N acetic acid, from the three pancreatic lobes and the intestine of the duck. The concentration of SLI was found to be very high in the pancreas (4.2 micrograms/g wet weight), the splenic lobe containing 80% of pancreatic SLI compared with 10% for the dorsal and 10% for the ventral lobes. SLI was equally distributed between duodenum, jejunum and ileum and between their mucosal and muscular layers. Chromatography of pancreatic extracts, using a Sephadex G-25 column, showed mainly the tetradecapeptide form (somatostatin-14, S-14) with a small amount of big somatostatin. Chromatography of intestinal extracts revealed three peaks with SLI: big somatostatin, somatostatin-28 (S-28) and S-14. The substance represented by the predominant peak was co-eluted with that of synthetic S-28. In normal ducks, portal plasma SLI corresponded to big somatostatin S-28 and S-14. After total pancreatectomy the S-14 form disappeared from portal plasma, whereas, when the intestinal blood vessels were ligatured, the S-28 form disappeared. We therefore hypothesize that in portal blood, S-14 has a mainly pancreatic origin, and S-28 a mainly intestinal origin.
Social Exclusion: A Concept in Need of Definition?

“Social exclusion” is a contested term. Not only is it used to refer to a wide range of phenomena and processes related to poverty, deprivation and hardship, but it is also used in relation to a wide range of categories of excluded people and places of exclusion. This presentation offers some evidence for the elusive and challenging nature of the concept both in the European Union and in New Zealand.
Fitness Diversity Based Adaptive Memetic Algorithm for solving inverse problems of chemical kinetics

This paper proposes the fitness diversity based adaptive memetic algorithm (FIDAMA) for solving the problem of the inverse type consisting of retrieving chemical kinetics reaction rate coefficients in the generalised Arrhenius form based on the observed concentrations in a given range of temperatures of a limited set of species which describe the reaction mechanism. FIDAMA consists of the evolutionary framework and three local searchers adaptively governed by a novel fitness diversity based measure. Moreover, a certain simplification of the decision space was carried out without any deterioration in the result obtained. The numerical results preseted show the superiority of FIDAMA compared to the other published computational intelligence methods.
Judgment evidence for statistical preemption: It is relatively better to vanish than to disappear a rabbit, but a lifeguard can equally well backstroke or swim children to shore

Abstract How do speakers know when they can use language creatively and when they cannot? Prior research indicates that higher frequency verbs are more resistant to overgeneralization than lower frequency verbs with similar meaning and argument structure constraints. This result has been interpreted as evidence for conservatism via entrenchment, which proposes that people prefer to use verbs in ways they have heard before, with the strength of dispreference for novel uses increasing with overall verb frequency. This paper investigates whether verb frequency is actually always relevant in judging the acceptability of novel sentences or whether it only matters when there is a readily available alternative way to express the intended message with the chosen verb, as is predicted by statistical preemption. Two experiments are reported in which participants rated novel uses of high and low frequency verbs in argument structure constructions in which those verbs do not normally appear. Separate norming studies were used to divide the sentences into those with and without an agreed-upon preferred alternative phrasing which would compete with the novel use for acceptability. Experiment 2 controls for construction type: all target stimuli are instances of the caused-motion construction. In both experiments, we replicate the stronger dispreference for a novel use with a high frequency verb relative to its lower frequency counterpart, but only for those sentences for which there exists a competing alternative phrasing. When there is no consensus about a preferred way to phrase a sentence, verb frequency is not a predictive factor in sentences’ ratings. We interpret this to mean that while speakers prefer familiar formulations to novel ones, they are willing to extend verbs creatively if there is no readily available alternative way to express the intended meaning.
El transmedia en la enseñanza universitaria. Análisis de las asignaturas de educación mediática en España (2012-2013)

In a media environment characterized by processes of hypermediacy and featuring the transmedia narrative, this article discusses how being formed in their own transmedia capabilities in a Spanish university. Examples of teaching guides of the subjects are used related to media Education degrees in Education and Communication degrees during the academic year 2012-2013 (n = 254). This data is complemented by interviews with teachers of these subjects that allow to qualitatively reflect on the current reality and future challenges (n = 35). The data shows a slow incorporation of transmedia skills in the Spanish educational environment and the need to incorporate issues such as reception or multimodal collaborative creation processes. The article concludes with some ideas for a transmedia literacy in higher education. This research is part of the subproject R & D "University education from the competition in audiovisual communication in the digital environment" (EDU2010-21395-C03-01).