Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship between the employment of coping mechanisms and a sense of belonging for part‐time students

This study examined the way part‐time students cope with fitting in study on top of other demands on their time. To measure the deployment of coping mechanisms, an instrument was developed based on previous qualitative work. The earlier work had identified three coping mechanisms—sacrifice, support, and negotiation of arrangements—operating in four domains of the self—work, family, and social lives. A measure for the sense of belonging to college was also developed. The combined measures were completed by a sample of 208 adult students enrolled in part‐time courses in an open university. Analysis by structural equation modelling showed that there were significant relationships between the employment of coping mechanisms and the development of a sense of belonging to the college. Students were more likely to exhibit a strong sense of belonging if: they had negotiated with their family a time to study: they had established regular study routines; they reported high levels of social support; and they declared themselves high in personal self‐determination. In addition, high levels of sacrifice were reported, most notably within the domain of the self.
Twenty-Four Months After High School

The author located students with severe emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) who had been assigned to separate day schools with partial hospitalization treatment facilities because their public school programs did not sufficiently meet their needs, then conducted interviews at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months postsecondary school as part of a large 5-year study of factors influencing the transition process for students with serious emotional disturbance (SED). The findings were consistent with those from previous reports on the employment and schooling participation rates of students with EBD despite the fact that this sample had more severe disabilities and were educated in more restrictive environments than most previously reported samples of students with SED/EBD. Most revealing, however, were the unstable employment and schooling patterns of individual participants over the course of the 2 years of the study, which were illustrated by their career paths after high school.The author speculates as to whether it is appropriate to judge the success of school programs by the long-term outcomes for former students with SED/EBD in their adult worlds.
A Multidimensional Analysis of Criminal Specialization Among Single-Victim and Serial Homicide Offenders

The degree of difference between single and serial homicide offenders’ criminal histories is not fully understood at present. The current study compares these offenders’ criminal histories to identify general trends in the degree and type of offending specialization that they demonstrate. The results showed that a single framework can account for patterns in the criminal histories of these offenders, according to a co-occurrence of violent versus instrumental offenses, and most offenders could be allocated to one of these offense groups and considered specialists. However, serial offenders were more likely to be considered specialists in instrumental offenses compared to single offenders, highlighting one important point of difference between these offenders.
Educação Estatística: objetivos, perspectivas e dificuldades - doi: 10.4025/imagenseduc.v3i3.21578

Current analysis discusses the growth and consolidation of education statistics in basic education in Brazil, called Statistical Education as a contrast to execution barriers in schools, and debates the aims of Statistical Education. Statistical Education trains students in statistics and probability as from the first years at school for the better conditions of the citizen facing the most varied information present in society. One may observe the growth and consolidation of research in Brazil related to Statistical Education in basic education and the several factors that hinder the execution of Statistical Education in basic education. The need to develop research during initial and continuous formation of Mathematics teachers of basic education should be underscored to show the relevance of Statistical Education. It must be emphasized that Statistical Education and Mathematics Education have different objectives. In fact, didactic material which will help the teacher´s practice should be undertaken and validated.
Local Th17/IgA immunity correlate with protection against intranasal infection with Streptococcus pyogenes

Streptococcus pyogenes (group A streptococcus, GAS) is responsible for a wide array of infections. Respiratory transmission via droplets is the most common mode of transmission but it may also infect the host via other routes such as lesions in the skin. To advance the development of a future vaccine against GAS, it is therefore important to investigate how protective immunity is related to the route of vaccine administration. To explore this, we examined whether a parenterally administered anti-GAS vaccine could protect against an intranasal GAS infection or if this would require locally primed immunity. We foundd that a parenteral CAF01 adjuvanted GAS vaccine offered no protection against intranasal infection despite inducing strong systemic Th1/Th17/IgG immunity that efficiently protected against an intraperitoneal GAS infection. However, the same vaccine administered via the intranasal route was able to induce protection against repeated intranasal GAS infections in a murine challenge model. The lack of intranasal protection induced by the parenteral vaccine correlated with a reduced mucosal recall response at the site of infection. Taken together, our results demonstrate that locally primed immunity is important for the defense against intranasal infection with Streptococcus pyogenes.
Effect of Age on Clinical Outcomes in Phase 1 Trial Participants.

BACKGROUND Most persons with cancer living in the United States are older than 65 years of age; however, in general, elderly persons are under-represented in clinical trials and outcomes data are lacking. METHODS Outcomes data were analyzed of elderly participants (≥65 years of age) enrolled in phase 1 clinical trials and the results compared with those of younger patients. All consecutive, single-center, phase 1 oncology trials initiated and completed at the H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute between 1997 and 2007 were included. Patient data (including survival, response, and toxicity rates) were extracted from a cancer registry database and electronic medical records at Moffitt Cancer Center. RESULTS After excluding multi-institution trials, we analyzed 39 trials for a total of 1,162 enrolled study participants, 32.7% of whom were elderly. Among patients who underwent transplantation, median survival rates were worse in those who were elderly compared with those who were younger (44.9 vs 32.9 months; P = .0037). However, in the no-transplantation setting, participants who were elderly had a median survival rate of 10.9 months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 8.9-13.1) compared with 8.8 months (95% CI: 7.9-10.3) in those who were younger (P = .15). Both groups had similar overall response rates (15.2% vs 13.1%) and similar treatment-related mortality rates (1% vs 0.9%, respectively). Adverse events occurring among the elderly and younger participants were not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS Survival, response, toxicity, and treatment-related mortality rates were not significantly different between the elderly and younger phase 1 trial participants in the no-transplantation setting. Regardless of the complex pharmacological profiles and logistical issues involved in treating the elderly population, our data imply that elderly study participants do at least as well as their younger counterparts, contributing to the justification of increasing the phase 1 trial enrollment of elderly patients.
Gifted Identification With Aurora

The current need to think globally over the long term has necessarily altered perspectives in education. Expectations for educational outcomes have increased over the last century for all students and, in many societies, diverse educational programs are available for those who are deemed to be particularly gifted. However, many children are likely to have intellectual gifts that are not easily revealed by the narrow range of cognitive and academic assessments typically employed by schools and, as a result, their abilities and potentials may remain unrealized. Who are these children and how can we best identify them? Assessment procedures designed for the identification of gifted students have become more refined in many cases, but there is an ever-present danger of having too narrow a perspective. This study demonstrates how an assessment approach based on a theory of intelligence encompassing multiple abilities may be useful in broadening the scope of conceptions and measures of giftedness.
Effects of aliskiren- and ramipril-based treatment on central aortic blood pressure in elderly with systolic hypertension: a substudy of AGELESS

Background Systolic hypertension is the most common form of hypertension in elderly patients. There is increasing evidence that measurement of central aortic pressure (CAP) better accounts for cardiovascular risk than brachial blood pressure (BP). The Aliskiren for GEriatric LowEring of SyStolic hypertension (AGELESS) study in elderly patients with systolic hypertension showed that aliskiren-based therapy provided greater reductions in peripheral BP than ramipril-based therapy over 12 and 36 weeks of treatment. Here, we present CAP results in a substudy of elderly patients from the AGELESS study. Methods This was a post hoc analysis of a 36-week, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, active-controlled, optional-titration study in patients ≥65 years of age with systolic BP ≥140 mmHg. Changes in both central and peripheral BP and pulse pressure (PP) and changes in systolic and PP amplification ratios from baseline to the week 36 end point with aliskiren-based versus ramipril-based therapy were analyzed. Results Of the 901 patients randomized in the overall study, 154 patients (aliskiren, n=78; ramipril, n=76) had CAP data. Numerically comparable reductions were seen for central aortic systolic pressure (CASP) in aliskiren-based therapy (baseline: 143.7±15.0; week 36: −20.3±16.2) compared with ramipril-based therapy (baseline: 147.9±11.9; week 36: −20.7±14.6). However, for the change in central aortic diastolic pressure, the least squares mean between-treatment difference (−3.6 mmHg [95% confidence interval, −6.76, −0.43; P=0.0263]) was in favor of aliskiren, while the other changes were comparable between the two groups with a trend in favor of aliskiren for CASP as well (−2.6 mmHg [95% confidence interval, −7.38, 2.19; P=0.2855)]. Correlation coefficients for change from baseline between CASP and systolic BP and between central aortic pulse pressure and PP (r=0.8, P<0.0001) were highly significant. Conclusion Aliskiren-based therapy provides comparable reductions in CASP to ramipril-based therapy. Although the results did not reach statistical significance, these findings, when coupled with those of the main study, suggest that aliskiren may offer effective control of central BP in elderly patients with systolic hypertension and may be a good alternative to ramipril.
Unit (non)response in Web‐based access panel surveys: An extended planned‐behavior approach

The decision process when requested to participate in a Web survey is understood most appropriately by applying a psychological theory of human action. Consequently, this study utilized an extended version of Ajzen’s theory of planned behavior to predict and explain the number of participations in a five-wave Web-based panel study. Based on this model, the determinants of unit nonresponse in Web-based surveys are one’s attitude toward participating in Web surveys, internalized social pressure, perceived behavioral control, and extent of moral obligation toward participating. The results indicate a satisfactory predictive power of the model. Perceived behavioral control and attitude toward participation predict the intention to participate best, followed by internalized social pressure and moral obligation. The theoretical perspective pursued proved to be valuable in terms of its predictive and explanative power as well as its practical value for Web-based survey research. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Discrimination between SRP‐ and SecA/SecB‐dependent substrates involves selective recognition of nascent chains by SRP and trigger factor

Besides SecA and SecB, Escherichia coli cells possess a signal recognition particle (SRP) to target exported proteins to the SecY translocon. Using chemical and site‐specific cross‐linking in vitro, we show that SRP recognizes the first signal anchor sequence of a polytopic membrane protein (MtlA) resulting in cotranslational targeting of MtlA to SecY and phospholipids of the plasma membrane. In contrast, a possible interaction of SRP with the secretory protein pOmpA is prevented by the association of trigger factor with nascent pOmpA. Trigger factor also prevents SecA from binding to the first 125 amino acids of pOmpA when they are still associated with the ribosome. Under no experimental conditions was SecA found to interact with MtlA. Likewise, virtually no binding of trigger factor to ribosome‐bound MtlA occurs even in the complete absence of SRP. Collectively, our results indicate that at the stage of nascent polypeptides, polytopic membrane proteins are selected by SRP for co‐translational membrane targeting, whereas secretory proteins are directed into the SecA/SecB‐mediated post‐translational targeting pathway by means of their preferential recognition by trigger factor.
Investigation and Evaluation of Voice Stress Analysis Technology

Abstract : Numerous police officers and agencies have been approached in recent years by vendors touting computer-based systems capable of measuring stress in a person's voice as an indicator of deception. These systems are advertised as being cheaper, easier to use, less invasive in use, and less constrained in their operation than polygraph technology. They claim that a speaker's medical condition, age, or consumption of drugs does not affect use of their system. Voice stress analysis does not require physical attachment of the system to the speaker's body and does not require that answers be restricted to 'yes' and 'no'. Purportedly, according to some vendors, any spoken word or even a groan, whether recorded, videotaped, or spoken in person, with or without the speaker's knowledge, are acceptable inputs to voice stress analysis systems. The value of voice stress analysis technology' for military application could be extensive. During military field interrogations of potential informants, it could be applied in a manner similar to its application for law enforcement. Also, it's not known if stressed speech has any effects on the accuracy of speech technology, such as speaker identification and language identification. If voice stress can be detected, perhaps it can be taken into account in applying voice recognition technology and be used to improve these recognition capabilities. Therefore, this effort is to determine the scientific value and utility of existing, commercial voice stress analysis technology for law enforcement and military applications.
Collective Diffusion Over Networks: Models and Inference

Diffusion processes in networks are increasingly used to model the spread of information and social influence. In several applications in computational sustainability such as the spread of wildlife, infectious diseases and traffic mobility pattern, the observed data often consists of only aggregate information. In this work, we present new models that generalize standard diffusion processes to such collective settings. We also present optimization based techniques that can accurately learn the underlying dynamics of the given contagion process, including the hidden network structure, by only observing the time a node becomes active and the associated aggregate information. Empirically, our technique is highly robust and accurately learns network structure with more than 90% recall and precision. Results on real-world flu spread data in the US confirm that our technique can also accurately model infectious disease spread.
Veridical and false recall in adults who stutter.

PURPOSE This study used a false memory paradigm to explore the veridical and false recall of adults who stutter. METHOD Twelve adults who stutter and 12 age-matched typically fluent peers listened to and then verbally recalled lists of words that consisted of either semantic or phonological associates or an equal number of semantic and phonological associates (i.e., hybrid condition) of a single, unpresented critical "lure" word. Three parameters of recall performance were measured across these 3 conditions: (a) number of accurately recalled words, (b) order of recall (primacy vs. recency effect), and (c) number of critical lures produced (i.e., false memories). RESULTS Significant group differences were noted in recall accuracy specific to list type and also list position as well as relative to critical lure productions. CONCLUSIONS Results suggest that certain basic memory processes (i.e., recency effect) and the processing of gist semantic information are largely intact in adults who stutter, but recall of verbatim phonological information and subvocal rehearsal may be deficient.
Towards a sub-2.5V, 100-Gb/s Serial Transceiver

This paper describes first a half-rate, 2.5-V, 1.4-W, 87-Gb/s transmitter with on-chip PLL fabricated in a production 130-nm SiGe BiCMOS process. Next, the most critical blocks required for the implementation of a full-rate 100-Gb/s serial transceiver are explored. State-of-the art 105-GHz, SiGe HBT static frequency dividers and VCOs operating from 2.5-V supply, as well as 65-nm CMOS, 1.2-V, 90-GHz static frequency dividers, low-phase noise VCOs, and 100-GHz clock distribution network amplifiers are fully characterized over power supply and process spread, and over temperature up to 100degC. Inductor and transformer modeling and scaling beyond 200 GHz in nanoscale CMOS and SiGe BiCMOS technologies, are also described.
The cardiovascular effects of partial liquid ventilation in newborn lambs after experimental meconium aspiration

Objective To study the effects of partial liquid ventilation with perfluorocarbon on cardiovascular function, pulmonary gas exchange, and lung mechanics in term newborn lambs with pulmonary hypertension induced by tracheal instillation of human meconium. Design Prospective, randomized study. Setting Research Unit at a university-affiliated hospital. Subjects Twelve term newborn lambs (<6 days old). Interventions Lambs were studied in two groups (n = 6): meconium aspiration (3–5 ml/kg 20% meconium solution) managed on pressure-limited conventional mechanical ventilation with or without partial liquid ventilation with perfluorocarbon. Measurements and Main Results Heart rate, systemic and pulmonary arterial pressures, arterial pH and blood gases, cardiac output, and pulmonary mechanics were measured. Partial liquid ventilation in term newborn lambs with experimental meconium aspiration did not alter cardiovascular profile: heart rate, systemic arterial pressure, and cardiac output maintained initial values throughout the experiment. There was a significant improvement in gas exchange (oxygenation increased from values of <100 torr to 338 torr, and ventilation reached normal values in 15 mins). Dynamic compliance increased in 30 mins, reaching basal values (1.1 ± 0.3 ml/cm H2O per kg). Despite the good response (blood gases and cardiovascular profile) to partial liquid ventilation in meconium aspiration syndrome, pulmonary hypertension did not decrease. Conclusions Partial liquid ventilation with perfluorocarbon could be a good noninvasive alternative technique that improves gas exchange and pulmonary mechanics in meconium aspiration syndrome without impairing cardiovascular function.
Olfactomedin‐4 is a candidate biomarker of solid gastric, colorectal, pancreatic, head and neck, and prostate cancers

Olfactomedin‐4 (OLFM4, OLM4) is a 72 kDa secreted glycoprotein belonging to the olfactomedin family. The OLFM4 gene expression is regulated by the transcription factors NF‐kappa B and AP‐1, and the OLM4 functions are poorly understood. OLM4 has been described as being able to interact with cell surface proteins such as lectins and concanavalin‐A suggesting that one function of OLM4 is to regulate cell adhesion and migration. OLM4 is a marker for intestinal stem cells and is expressed at the bottom of the intestinal crypts. Expression of OLM4 during tumor development showed that OLM4 expression is increased in the early stages of tumor initiation. As OLM4 is a secreted protein, it is a prime candidate for biomarker research for tumor detection or progression. Levels of circulating OLM4 were significantly higher in patients with gastric, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers than in healthy subjects.
Organization and stability of endogenous xenotropic murine leukemia virus proviral DNA in mouse genomes

In a series of blot hybridization experiments, using a xenotropic envelope probe and restriction enzymes known to cut xenotropic proviral DNA a single time (EcoRI) or not at all (HindIII), we have studied the organization and relationship of endogenous xenotropic env-related sequences in various mouse strains. Multiple copies (18 to 28) of xenotropic env-reactive fragments were found in all mouse DNAs after digestion with either HindIII or EcoRI, and the majority of fragments were of sizes compatible with their origin from full-length proviral DNA. Five HindIII and five EcoRI restriction fragments were common to all inbred mouse DNAs tested. In addition, each strain exhibited unique characteristic xenotropic env-reactive bands; these bands were remarkably stable during many years of inbreeding. The cleavage patterns characteristic of each strain were also useful for showing genealogical relatedness among the various inbred mice.