Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mcp3 is a novel mitochondrial outer membrane protein that follows a unique IMP‐dependent biogenesis pathway

Mitochondria are separated from the remainder of the eukaryotic cell by the mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM). The MOM plays an important role in different transport processes like lipid trafficking and protein import. In yeast, the ER–mitochondria encounter structure (ERMES) has a central, but poorly defined role in both activities. To understand the functions of the ERMES, we searched for suppressors of the deficiency of one of its components, Mdm10, and identified a novel mitochondrial protein that we named Mdm10 complementing protein 3 (Mcp3). Mcp3 partially rescues a variety of ERMES‐related phenotypes. We further demonstrate that Mcp3 is an integral protein of the MOM that follows a unique import pathway. It is recognized initially by the import receptor Tom70 and then crosses the MOM via the translocase of the outer membrane. Mcp3 is next relayed to the TIM23 translocase at the inner membrane, gets processed by the inner membrane peptidase (IMP) and finally integrates into the MOM. Hence, Mcp3 follows a novel biogenesis route where a MOM protein is processed by a peptidase of the inner membrane.
Mechanistic investigation into the arrhythmogenic role of transmural heterogeneities in regional ischaemia phase 1A.

AIMS Studies of arrhythmogenesis during ischemia have focused primarily on reentrant mechanisms manifested on the epicardial surface. The goal of this study was to use a physiologically-accurate model of acute regional ischemia phase 1A to determine the contribution of ischaemia-induced transmural electrophysiological heterogeneities to arrhythmogenesis following left anterior descending artery occlusion. METHODS AND RESULTS A slice through a geometrical model of the rabbit ventricles was extracted and a model of regional ischaemia developed. The model included a central ischaemic zone incorporating transmural gradients of I(K(ATP)) activation and [K+]o, surrounded by ischaemic border zones (BZs), with the degree of ischaemic effects varied to represent progression of ischaemia 2-10 min post-occlusion. Premature stimulation was applied over a range of coupling intervals to induce re-entry. The presence of ischaemic BZs and a transmural gradient in I(K(ATP)) activation provided the substrate for re-entrant arrhythmias. Increased dispersion of refractoriness and conduction velocity in the BZs with time post-occlusion led to a progressive increase in arrhythmogenesis. In the absence of a transmural gradient of I(K(ATP)) activation, re-entry was rarely sustained. CONCLUSION Knowledge of the mechanism by which specific electrophysiological heterogeneities underlie arrhythmogenesis during acute ischaemia could be useful in developing preventative treatments for patients at risk of coronary vascular disease.
Carbon encapsulated Fe3O4 nanospheres with high electrochemical performance as anode materials for Li‐ion battery

Transformation-type anodes such as Fe3O4 and other transition-metal oxides are gaining popularity in rechargeable Li-ion batteries, but the poor cycling performance and low poor Coulombic efficiency seriously influence their practical applications. Herein, we design a facile method to prepare well-defined yolk-shell Fe3O4@C nanocomposites, and test the nanocomposites as anode material for Li-ion battery. Due to the protection of carbon shell and the loose interspace structure, the capacity of this yolk-shell Fe3O4@C nanocomposites electrode is approximately 860 mAh g−1 after 300 cycles at 200 mA g−1 charge/discharge current density with 2 mg cm−1 loading. The first Coulombic efficiency is about 73.2% and the average Coulombic efficiency is 99% in the following cycles. The remarkably high specific capacity and excellent cycle performance endow the yolk-shell Fe3O4@C nanocomposites as a great potential anode for the Li-ion batteries application.
Impulsivity and overeating: a closer look at the subscales of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale

Impulsivity can be defined as a predisposition toward rapid, unplanned reactions to internal or external stimuli regardless of negative consequences of these reactions for the impulsive individual or for others (Moeller et al., 2001). It is a multifaceted construct and there is a range of methods available for its measurement. Two of the most often used methods are self-report instruments and behavioral tasks (e.g., go/no-go tasks and delay discounting tasks). Self-reported impulsivity is positively correlated with impulsive reactions in behavioral measures, yet correlations are often weak and inconsistent (Logan et al., 1997; Lijffijt et al., 2004; Enticott et al., 2006; Reynolds et al., 2006; Cyders and Coskunpinar, 2011). It is assumed that self-report questionnaires represent impulsivity as a stable trait while behavioral tasks are subject to state-dependent variations. Nonetheless, both self-report and behavioral measures indicate that high impulsivity is a risk factor for a range of maladaptive behaviors, including over- or binge eating (Guerrieri et al., 2008; Waxman, 2009).
Ground reaction forces in horses trotting up an incline and on the level over a range of speeds

SUMMARY Although the forces required to support the body mass are not elevated when moving up an incline, kinematic studies, in vivo tendon and bone studies and kinetic studies suggest there is a shift in forces from the fore- to the hindlimbs in quadrupeds. However, there are no whole-animal kinetic measurements of incline locomotion. Based on previous related research, we hypothesized that there would be a shift in forces to the hindlimb. The present study measured the force produced by the fore- and hindlimbs of horses while trotting over a range of speeds (2.5 to 5 m s–1) on both level and up an inclined (10%) surface. On the level, forelimb peak forces increased with trotting speed, but hindlimb peak force remained constant. On the incline, both fore- and hindlimb peak forces increased with speed, but the sum of the peak forces was lower than on the level. On the level, over the range of speeds tested, total force was consistently distributed between the limbs as 57% forelimb and 43% hindlimb, similar to the weight distribution of the horses during static weight tests. On the incline, the force distribution during locomotion shifted to 52% forelimb and 48% hindlimb. Time of contact and duty factor decreased with speed for both limbs. Time of contact was longer for the forelimb than the hindlimb, a finding not previously reported for quadrupeds. Time of contact of both limbs tended to be longer when traveling up the incline than on the level, but duty factor for both limbs was similar under both conditions. Duty factor decreased slightly with increased speed for the hindlimb on the level, and the corresponding small, predicted increase in peak vertical force could not be detected statistically.
Ensemble learning for keyword extraction from event descriptions

Automatic keyword extraction (AKE) from textual sources took a valuable step towards harnessing the problem of efficient scanning of large document collections. Particularly in the context of urban mobility, where the most relevant events in the city are advertised on-line, it becomes difficult to know exactly what is happening in a place. In this paper we tackle this problem by extracting a set of keywords from different kinds of textual sources, focusing on the urban events context. We propose an ensemble of automatic keyword extraction systems KEA (Keyphrase Extraction Algorithm) and KUSCO (Knowledge Unsupervised Search for instantiating Concepts on lightweight Ontologies) and Conditional Random Fields (CRF). Unlike KEA and KUSCO which are well-known tools for automatic keyword extraction, CRF needs further preprocessing. Therefore, a tool for handling AKE from the documents using CRF is developed. The architecture for the AKE ensemble system is designed and efficient integration of component applications is achieved. Finally, we empirically show that our AKE ensemble system significantly succeeds on baseline sources and urban events collections.
Cytokines promote the survival of mouse cranial sensory neurones at different developmental stages

To investigate when the neurotrophic cytokines ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF), oncostatin‐M (OSM), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) and cardiotrophin‐1 (CT‐1) act on developing sensory neurones and whether they co‐operate with neurotrophins in regulating neuronal survival, we studied the in vitro trophic effects of these factors on two well‐characterized populations of cranial sensory neurones at closely staged intervals throughout embryonic development. The cutaneous sensory neurones of the trigeminal ganglion, which show an early, transient survival response to BDNF and NT3 before becoming NGF‐dependent, were supported by CNTF, LIF, OSM and CT‐1 during the late fetal period, several days after the neurones become NGF‐dependent. At this stage of development, these cytokines promoted the survival of a subset of NGF‐responsive neurones. The enteroceptive neurones of the nodose ganglion, which retain dependence on BDNF throughout fetal development, were supported throughout their development by CNTF, LIF, OSM and CT‐1, and displayed an additional survival response to IL‐6 in the late fetal period. These findings indicate that populations of sensory neurones display different developmental patterns of cytokine responsiveness and show that embryonic trigeminal neurones pass through several phases of differing neurotrophic factor survival requirements.
Prevalidation of Salivary Biomarkers for Oral Cancer Detection

Background: Oral cancer is the sixth most common cancer with a 5-year survival rate of approximately 60%. Presently, there are no scientifically credible early detection techniques beyond conventional clinical oral examination. The goal of this study is to validate whether the seven mRNAs and three proteins previously reported as biomarkers are capable of discriminating patients with oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) from healthy subjects in independent cohorts and by a National Cancer Institute (NCI)-Early Detection Research Network (EDRN)-Biomarker Reference Laboratory (BRL). Methods: Three hundred and ninety-five subjects from five independent cohorts based on case controlled design were investigated by two independent laboratories, University of California, Los Angeles (Los Angeles, CA) discovery laboratory and NCI-EDRN-BRL. Results: Expression of all seven mRNA and three protein markers was increased in OSCC versus controls in all five cohorts. With respect to individual marker performance across the five cohorts, the increase in interleukin (IL)-8 and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) was statistically significant and they remained top performers across different cohorts in terms of sensitivity and specificity. A previously identified multiple marker model showed an area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for prediction of OSCC status ranging from 0.74 to 0.86 across the cohorts. Conclusions: The validation of these biomarkers showed their feasibility in the discrimination of OSCCs from healthy controls. Established assay technologies are robust enough to perform independently. Individual cutoff values for each of these markers and for the combined predictive model need to be further defined in large clinical studies. Impact: Salivary proteomic and transcriptomic biomarkers can discriminate oral cancer from control subjects. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 21(4); 664–72. ©2012 AACR.
A survey on information re-finding techniques

Purpose – Observing that people re‐access what they have seen or used in the past is very common in real lives. The purpose of this paper is to review the subject of information re‐finding comprehensively, and introduce to readers the underlying techniques and mechanisms used in information re‐finding.Design/methodology/approach – After analyzing users' information re‐finding behaviors and their requirements, the paper studies the natural way of re‐finding in human memory, and reviews state‐of‐the‐art techniques and tools developed in the fields of web and personal information management for information re‐finding.Findings – Four main re‐finding support techniques on the Web are: re‐finding tools in Web browsers; history service; re‐finding search engine; and voice‐based re‐finding. Three main re‐finding approaches are used in PIM: browse‐based approaches; content‐based search; and context‐based search.Practical implications – Following the recalling mechanisms in human memory, the method of recall‐by‐con.
Decision making in intelligent user interfaces

Intelligent user interfaces are characterised by their capability to adapt at run-time and make several communication decisions concerning ‘what’, ‘when’, ‘why’ and ‘how’ to communicate, through a certain adaptation strategy. In this paper, we present a methodological approach to assist this decision making process, which is btyed on a clear separation of the important attributes that characterise the adaptation strategy, namely the adaptation determinants, constituents, goals and rules. Based on this separation, we also present a methodological approach for the formulation of adaptation rules, which utilises techniques from the domain of multiple criteria decision making. It is argued that, following the proposed approach, the adaptation strategy can be easily customised to the requirements of different application domains and user groups, and can be re-used with minor modifications in different applications. As a result, developers of intelligent user interfaces can be significantly assisted, and users can be empowered to exploit the benefits of intelligent interfaces.
Setting up an extended perception in a vehicular network environment: A proof of concept

VANETs) that provides a vehicle with data about 1-hop neighboring vehicles. Data provided by this service can be used to support safety applications, such as the efficient selection of forwarders for safety messages and dissemination of early warnings to drivers about potential dangers of the road. This paper discusses the limitations of the beaconing service in providing vehicles with safety-related information. It also proposes a mechanism to let each vehicle have additional information about its surroundings in order to get an extended perception of its environment. This can help in considerably reducing accidents on the roads. Through simulations, we show that the additional overhead caused by the exchange of additional data can be kept low enough to prevent significant impact on overall network performance.
Major Histocompatibility Complex Haplotype Is Associated with Postherpetic Pain in Mice

Background:Postherpetic neuralgia is one of the major complications of herpes zoster caused by the reactivation of varicella-zoster virus and is characterized by severe pain. The authors previously showed the association of a human major histocompatibility complex (MHC) haplotype with postherpetic neuralgia. This study was performed to experimentally confirm the role of MHC haplotype in the development of postherpetic pain using a mouse model of postherpetic pain, which corresponds to postherpetic neuralgia. Methods:BALB/c mice (MHC haplotype: H-2d), C57BL/6 mice (MHC haplotype: H-2b), and BALB/b mice, a congenic BALB/c strain with H-2b, were used. Herpes simplex virus type I was transdermally inoculated on the hind paw. Unilaterally zosteriform skin lesion and pain-related responses (acute herpetic pain) were caused, and some mice showed pain-related responses (postherpetic pain) after the cure of skin lesions. Herpes simplex virus type I antigen and CD3-positive cells were immunostained in the dorsal root ganglion in the acute phase. Results:The incidence (78%) of postherpetic pain in C57BL/6 mice was significantly higher than that (35%) in BALB/c mice (P = 0.004, odds ratio = 6.7). Furthermore, the incidence of postherpetic pain in BALB/b (H-2b) was similar to that in C57BL/6. Herpes simplex virus type I antigen–positive cells were less in the dorsal root ganglion of C57BL/6 mice than that of BALB/c mice. CD3-positive T cells were more in the dorsal root ganglion of C57BL/6 mice than BALB/c mice. Conclusions:These results suggest that the MHC haplotype (H-2b) is involved in the incidence of postherpetic pain, and CD3-positive T cells may play a role in its pathogenesis.
A new approach to the analysis of thermoluminescence glow-curve of TLD-600 dosimeters following Am-241 alpha particles irradiation

A new approach to the analysis of thermoluminescence (TL) glow-curves of LiF:Mg, Ti (TLD-600) following alpha particles irradiation has been presented using general expressions derived from the one-trap-one recombination (OTOR)-level model. It has been found that the results of the deconvolution in the case of using these expressions are different from the case of using the other TL expressions, especially for the high-temperature region. The advantage of using the OTOR expressions is that, unlike the usual analysis, a good fit and reasonable kinetic parameter values could be obtained with a lower number of deconvoluted peaks. The kinetic parameters and the dosimetric properties of each peak have been investigated over different absorbed doses and new findings have been found. Improvement of the accuracy and the precision of the dose measurements at low-dose levels has been achieved using the glow-curve deconvolution algorithm. In addition, theoretical interpretations of some observed behaviors have been presented using the interactive multiple trap system model.
质量与结果框架:我们学到了什么 ? Quality and Outcomes Framework : what have we learnt ?

在上世纪90年代末,在英国,全科医 师的工资已经大大落后于专科医师,全科 医学的士气和招聘情况堪忧。 政府和英 国 医 学 会(British Medical Association, BMA)私下一致认为有必要大幅加薪。 资金的来源也没有问题,因为政府在 2000年承诺过将NHS开支占国内生产总 值的百分比提高到欧洲中部国家的水 平。 当然,全科医生们亦需要给予政府相 应的回报。 BMA 放下了她长期以来对 “按质量支付”方案的反对,开始协商可能 大幅提高全科诊疗收入的“按绩效付费” 的支付方案。 接下来 BMA 和 NHS 雇主与少数临 床顾问之间进行了为期 18个月的谈判, 以开发出能够形成该方案基础的结果 测量指标(框图 1)。 重要的前提是,这 些临床指标的构建应以循证指南为基 础,以便这些指标能够博得广泛的专业 支持(框图 2)。 该框架还包括与诊所机 构和患者参与有关的指标。 该一揽子 计划是有争议的,BMA允许其成员在草 案阶段和具体细节公开之后对方案进 行投票。 实施过程耗时 1年余。 这些指标在 引入财政奖励之前已经很好地用于指导 计划的完善、电子病历系统中慢性病管理 工具的投入、诊所详细的临床路径的产 生,以及对在英国部分地区实施该方案的 支持。 临床电子数据是获得报酬所必需, 因此在已经取得很好进展的社区诊所,临 床电子病历系统得以广泛应用,尽管全科 医生必须雇用更多的行政人员来收集所 需的数据。 QOF加速了原有的趋势—— 将慢性病的医疗照护转移给以护士为主 导的诊所,尤其是糖尿病、心血管疾病和 呼吸系统疾病。 诊所使用依据QOF支付 分析 质量与结果框架:我们学到了什么? Quality and Outcomes Framework: what have we learnt? 来源:BMJ 2016;354:i4060 doi: 10.1136/bmj.i4060 Martin Roland和Bruce Guthrie评价绩效薪酬方案的得与失及其未来。
Improving the TB case management: the International Standards for Tuberculosis care

Tuberculosis (TB) is currently the leading cause of death from a curable infectious disease 1. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 8.9 million new TB cases occurred in 2004 (of which 3.9 million were sputum smear positive), although only about half of the estimated number were reported by public health systems 1, 2. Whilst the highest TB incidence rate is in sub-Saharan Africa (estimated to be 356 new cases per 100,000 population per yr), in most countries of the former Soviet Union the estimated incidence rate exceeds 100 new cases per 100,000 population per yr 1, 2. Although the rate of increase in the TB incidence rate is decreasing, the global TB notification grew by 1% between 2003 and 2004, the last year for which data are available. This continued increase is largely the result of the striking increase in cases in sub-Saharan Africa and, to a lesser extent, in the former USSR. Whilst the worsening of the TB incidence in Africa is due to the HIV epidemic compounded by an insufficient health infrastructure, it is due to different causes in Eastern Europe, including economic decline, increased poverty, social disruption and sub-standard health services. In addition, as a result of these factors, >10% of new TB cases in the Baltic states and in some parts of Russia are multidrug-resistant (MDR-TB), i.e. resistant to at least isoniazid and rifampicin 3. In the European region, 445,000 new TB cases and nearly 70,000 deaths …
HoverCam: interactive 3D navigation for proximal object inspection

We describe a new interaction technique, called HoverCam, for navigating around 3D objects at close proximity. When a user is closely inspecting an object, the camera motions needed to move across its surface can become complex. For tasks such as 3D painting or modeling small detail features, users will often try to keep the camera a small distance above the surface. To achieve this automatically, HoverCam intelligently integrates tumbling, panning, and zooming camera controls into a single operation. This allows the user to focus on the task at hand instead of continuously managing the camera position and orientation. In this paper we show unique affordances of the technique and define the behavior and implementation of HoverCam. We also show how the technique can be used for navigating about data sets without well-defined surfaces such as point clouds and curves in space.
A quadrature bandpass continuous-time delta-sigma modulator for tri-mode GSM-EDGE/UMTS/DVB-T receivers, with power scaling technique

A second-order multi-bit quadrature bandpass continuous-time delta-sigma modulator (QBP-CTDSM) employing a power scaling technique (PST) is reported in this paper for GSM-EDGE/UMTS/DVB-T receivers. This modulator employs operational amplifiers with PST to optimize power consumption among the tri-mode operation. The QBP-CTDSM is fabricated in a 0.18-μm CMOS process. It achieves 81/61.2/60.9 dB SNDR across 270-kHz/5-MHz/8-MHz bandwidth with a programmable center frequency spanning from 500 kHz to 12 MHz. Measured from a 1.8-V supply voltage, the power consumptions are 4.9/8.9/12.1 mW for GSM-EDGE/UMTS/DVB-T modes, respectively, which results in FOMs of 0.99/0.95/0.84 pJ/conversion.
Multigraphs (Only) Satisfy a Weak Triangle Removal Lemma

The triangle removal lemma states that a simple graph with $o(n^3)$ triangles can be made triangle-free by removing $o(n^2)$ edges. It is natural to ask if this widely used result can be extended to multi-graphs. In this short paper we rule out the possibility of such an extension by showing that there are multi-graphs with only $n^{2+o(1)}$ triangles that are still far from being triangle-free. On the other hand, we show that for some slowly growing function $g(n)=\omega(1)$, if a multi-graph has only $g(n)n^2$ triangles then it must be close to being triangle-free. The proof relies on variants of the Ruzsa-Szemeredi theorem.