Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Flux-loss of buoyant ropes interacting with convective flows

We present 3-d numerical magneto-hydrodynamic simulations of a buoyant, twisted magnetic flux rope embedded in a stratied, solar-like model convection zone. The flux rope is given an initial twist such that it neither kinks nor fragments during its ascent. Moreover, its magnetic energy content with respect to convection is chosen so that the flux rope retains its basic geometry while being deflected from a purely vertical ascent by convective flows. The simulations show that magnetic flux is advected away from the core of the flux rope as it interacts with the convection. The results thus support the idea that the amount of toroidal flux stored at or near the bottom of the solar convection zone may currently be underestimated.
Linalool Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Leukemia Cells and Cervical Cancer Cells through CDKIs

Plantaginaceae, a popular traditional Chinese medicine, has long been used for treating various diseases from common cold to cancer. Linalool is one of the biologically active compounds that can be isolated from Plantaginaceae. Most of the commonly used cytotoxic anticancer drugs have been shown to induce apoptosis in susceptible tumor cells. However, the signaling pathway for apoptosis remains undefined. In this study, the cytotoxic effect of linalool on human cancer cell lines was investigated. Water-soluble tetrazolium salts (WST-1) based colorimetric cellular cytotoxicity assay, was used to test the cytotoxic ability of linalool against U937 and HeLa cells, and flow cytometry (FCM) and genechip analysis were used to investigate the possible mechanism of apoptosis. These results demonstrated that linalool exhibited a good cytotoxic effect on U937 and HeLa cells, with the IC50 value of 2.59 and 11.02 μM, respectively, compared with 5-FU with values of 4.86 and 12.31 μM, respectively. After treating U937 cells with linalool for 6 h, we found an increased sub-G1 peak and a dose-dependent phenomenon, whereby these cells were arrested at the G0/G1 phase. Furthermore, by using genechip analysis, we observed that linalool can promote p53, p21, p27, p16, and p18 gene expression. Therefore, this study verified that linalool can arrest the cell cycle of U937 cells at the G0/G1 phase and can arrest the cell cycle of HeLa cells at the G2/M phase. Its mechanism facilitates the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinases inhibitors (CDKIs) p53, p21, p27, p16, and p18, as well as the non-expression of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) activity.
Change in network connectivity during fictive-gasping generation in hypoxia: prevention by a metabolic intermediate

The neuronal circuit in charge of generating the respiratory rhythms, localized in the pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC), is configured to produce fictive-eupnea during normoxia and reconfigures to produce fictive-gasping during hypoxic conditions in vitro. The mechanisms involved in such reconfiguration have been extensively investigated by cell-focused studies, but the actual changes at the network level remain elusive. Since a failure to generate gasping has been linked to Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), the study of gasping generation and pharmacological approaches to promote it may have clinical relevance. Here, we study the changes in network dynamics and circuit reconfiguration that occur during the transition to fictive-gasping generation in the brainstem slice preparation by recording the preBötC with multi-electrode arrays and assessing correlated firing among respiratory neurons or clusters of respiratory neurons (multiunits). We studied whether the respiratory network reconfiguration in hypoxia involves changes in either the number of active respiratory elements, the number of functional connections among elements, or the strength of these connections. Moreover, we tested the influence of isocitrate, a Krebs cycle intermediate that has recently been shown to promote breathing, on the configuration of the preBötC circuit during normoxia and on its reconfiguration during hypoxia. We found that, in contrast to previous suggestions based on cell-focused studies, the number and the overall activity of respiratory neurons change only slightly during hypoxia. However, hypoxia induces a reduction in the strength of functional connectivity within the circuit without reducing the number of connections. Isocitrate prevented this reduction during hypoxia while increasing the strength of network connectivity. In conclusion, we provide an overview of the configuration of the respiratory network under control conditions and how it is reconfigured during fictive-gasping. Additionally, our data support the use of isocitrate to favor respiratory rhythm generation under normoxia and to prevent some of the changes in the respiratory network under hypoxic conditions.
Quality of preservice teachers argumentation in socioscientific issues context

This study aimed to explore preservice teachers’ (PTs) argumentation quality during socioscientific issues (SSI) based classroom discussions. The participants of the study were 20 PTs from the Department of Elementary Education at a large, research oriented public university in Turkey. Qualitative case study method was used in this study. The study covered four socioscientific issues (food additives, alternative energy sources, climate change, and the industrial revolution). Each issue was discussed in the classroom and each discussion was video recorded. Video recordings were transcribed verbatim and used as data source. Classroom discussions verbatim transcribes were analyzed by using a modified version of Toulmin’s argumentation pattern (TAP) model. The modified approach was found to be more conducive to informal argumentation patterns, in order to analyze preservice teachers’ use of claims, grounds, warrants, backings, and rebuttals that support their debate positions, as well as their ability to use evidence-based reasoning, form coherent lines of reasoning, and use of correct (appropriate) evidence. Results of the study revealed that preservice teachers’ use of evidence to support conflicting ideas tended to increase as their use of incorrect or insufficient use of evidence decreased through the present study.
IMPAIRMENT IN FACIAL AFFECT RECOGNITION: DEFICIT OR ANXIETY?

Although individuals with social phobia are generally considered to exhibit social skills deficits, the existence of a potential deficit in the area of facial affect recognition remains largely unexplored. The current study investigated if individuals with high social anxiety are less able to accurately determine facial affect as compared with individuals with low social anxiety. Furthermore, this study examined whether or not this impairment is an actual deficit or results from an increased level of anxiety. Fifty-nine subjects completed an affect-labeling task at a baseline level of anxiety and again following a 5 minute speech designed to elicit anxiety. Results indicated that socially anxious and non-socially anxious individuals did not differ in accuracy of facial affect identification either at a baseline level or after engaging in a moderately stressful public performance. Based on these results, facial affect recognition does not appear to represent a skills deficit in socially anxious individuals.
The associated primes of initial ideals of lattice ideals

This paper concerns the associated primes and primary decompositions of the monomial initial ideals of lattice ideals. For a xed initial ideal, we show that the multiplicities of its associated primes and its arithmetic degree are the cardinalities of sets of polytopes in which the origin is the unique lattice point. The associated primes are shown to exhibit a rare connectivity property: each embedded prime contains an associated prime of one higher dimension. The length of any such chain of associated primes can be bounded above by a function that depends only on the codimension of the lattice ideal. We express the unique irredundant irreducible decomposition of an initial ideal of a lattice ideal using maximal lattice point free polytopes deened by the lattice and the cost vector inducing the initial ideal.
Implementation of the theory of planned behavior to testicular self-examination among young men in Tehran

Background : Testicular Cancer (TC) is the most common cancer among men between 20 and 40 years old. Treatment for TC is highly effective when detected before the metastatic stage. Although screening of TC through self-examination is recommended, it seems that many men do not do self-examination routinely, so the current study aimed to evaluate the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) as a framework for considering Testicular Self-Examination (TSE) intention among a sample of 20- to 34-year-old men. Methods: A cross-sectional study was designed and 50 young men were randomly selected. A questionnaire was administered to young men, referring to one of the hospitals in Tehran in 2016. The data were analyzed using SPSS software 16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), running descriptive tests, chi-square, Pearson correlation, and linear regression analysis. Results: Mean (SD) age of participants was 30 (3.77) years old. The majority were married (29), followed by single (19), divorced (2). The correlation tests showed a statistically significant relationship between self-efficacy with intention ( P <0.001, r=0.585) and PBC ( P =0.006, r=0.359). In a linear regression analysis, TPB components could predict 36.4% of the variance in TSE intention and self-efﬁcacy was found to be the independent predictor of TSE intention ( P <0.001, β=0.55). Conclusion: The structures of TPB might be useful for increasing TSE. So, educational interventions based on TPB could be effective for the primary prevention of testicular cancer.
Integrating Extreme Learning Machine with Kalman Filter to Bridge GPS Outages

Nowadays, the low-cost SINS/GPS integrated navigation system has been widely used. Generally, the integrated system works well in providing reliable navigation information. However, the GPS signal may be lost easily and the navigation accuracy will deteriorate badly without compensation. In order to overcome the limitation, a hybrid prediction method that combines the neural network and extended Kalman filter (EKF) is proposed. The neural network is trained when GPS signal is available and then it is used to forecast the measurement of EKF during GPS outages. In recent years, extreme learning machine (ELM) has attracted much attention and interest among scientific community for its extremely fast learning speed and superior generalization performance. Thus in this paper, the ELM is adopted and compared with Radial Basis Function neural network (RBFNN). The simulation result shows that the accuracy of the integrated navigation system is significantly improved by applying the proposed method and the ELM performs better in real-time capacity and generalization ability.
Neurokinin-3 Receptor Binding in Guinea Pig, Monkey, and Human Brain: In Vitro and in Vivo Imaging Using the Novel Radioligand, [18F]Lu AF10628

Background: Previous autoradiography studies have suggested a marked interspecies variation in the neuroanatomical localization and expression levels of the neurokinin 3 receptor, with high density in the brain of rat, gerbil, and guinea pig, but at the time offered no conclusive evidence for its presence in the human brain. Hitherto available radioligands have displayed low affinity for the human neurokinin 3 receptor relative to the rodent homologue and may thus not be optimal for cross-species analyses of the expression of this protein. Methods: A novel neurokinin 3 receptor radioligand, [18F]Lu AF10628 ((S)-N-(cyclobutyl(3-fluorophenyl)methyl)-8-fluoro-2-((3-[18F]-fluoropropyl)amino)-3-methyl-1-oxo-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline-4-carboxamide), was synthesized and used for autoradiography studies in cryosections from guinea pig, monkey, and human brain as well as for positron emission tomography studies in guinea pig and monkey. Results: The results confirmed previous observations of interspecies variation in the neurokinin 3 receptor brain localization with more extensive distribution in guinea pig than in primate brain. In the human brain, specific binding to the neurokinin 3 receptor was highest in the amygdala and in the hypothalamus and very low in other regions examined. Positron emission tomography imaging showed a pattern consistent with that observed using autoradiography. The radioactivity was, however, found to accumulate in skull bone, which limits the use of this radioligand for in vivo quantification of neurokinin 3 receptor binding. Conclusion: Species differences in the brain distribution of neurokinin 3 receptors should be considered when using animal models for predicting human neurokinin 3 receptor pharmacology. For positron emission tomography imaging of brain neurokinin 3 receptors, additional work is required to develop a radioligand with more favorable in vivo properties.
Offence characteristics and cognitive functioning in juveniles adjudicated for illegal sexual behaviour

ABSTRACT Intelligence differences exist between sex offenders and non-sex offenders in adult populations, but comparable intelligence differences are not consistently found among juveniles. However, juveniles may differ on measures of intelligence across offence-related variables used to subclassify adults. The purpose of the present study was to determine if between- and within-group differences exist in a sample of 925 juveniles adjudicated for illegal sexual and non-sexual behaviours across offence-related variables. The results suggest that juveniles adjudicated for illegal sexual behaviour outperformed juveniles adjudicated for non-sexual offences on Wechsler Abbreviated Scale of Intelligence (WASI) performance, though full-scale intelligence quotients scores for both groups were lower than would be expected in the general population. Unlike adult offenders, juveniles adjudicated for illegal sexual behaviour do not tend to differ on WASI performance across offence-related variables. These results provide additional evidence that these juveniles adjudicated for illegal sexual behaviour are categorically distinct from adults who sexually offend.
Emotional intelligence and individual differences in affective processes underlying task‐contingent conscientiousness

Summary Organisational researchers have recently begun to focus on the more dynamic aspects of personality in the workplace. The present study examines individual differences in the affective processes that underlie one such dynamic construct, task-contingent conscientiousness. Using experience sampling data collected over 3 weeks from 201 managers, we show (a) that individuals differ substantially from each other in the paths that connect task demand, positive and negative affect, and conscientious behaviour; (b) that these individual differences cohere to define person types or classes that represent meaningful differences in the extent to which task-contingent conscientiousness is mediated affectively; and (c) that emotional intelligence increases the likelihood of membership in classes that are characterised by affectively mediated effects. Theoretical implications of the findings are discussed with reference to the cognitive-affective personality system model, research on the consequences of affect in the workplace, and the literature on emotional intelligence. Practical applications are suggested for managers who wish to use personality assessment for developmental purposes, especially in relation to facilitating behavioural change.
Mood States and Pattern of Adjustment Among Male Alcoholics MOOD STATES AND PATTERN OF ADJUSTMENT AMONG MALE ALCOHOLICS

The purpose of the present study was to determine the mood states and pattern of adjustment among male Alcoholic patients. A test of Eight State Questionnaire and Hindi adaptation of Bell’s adjustment inventory by Mohsin and Shamshad (1970) was administered on 30 alcoholic and 30 normal persons. Significant differences have been found between the scores of alcoholic and normal control group on the different dimensions of eight state questionnaires and Bell adjustment inventory. Result showed that Alcoholics exhibit higher level of anxiety, stress, guilt feeling and extraversion than normal group. They differ significantly from normal group on all the four areas (Home, Health, Emotional, Social) and Overall
Definition of risk factors for death, end stage renal disease, and thromboembolic events in a monocentric cohort of 338 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus

Background: The survival rate in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has improved dramatically during the past four decades to 96.6% (five year) in the Erlangen cohort, but it is nearly three times as high as in an age and sex matched control population. Reasons for death are mainly cardiovascular diseases (37%) and infections (29%). Objective: To find risk factors existing at disease onset for a severe outcome in the Erlangen cohort. Patients and methods: By using a database of 338 patients with SLE from a single centre, documented at least one to 15 years and including Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology (SLICC/ACR) damage score data and index (SDI) and an activity score (European Consensus Lupus Activity Measurement (ECLAM)), a retrospective search was made for risk factors for a severe outcome like death, end stage renal disease (ESRD), and thromboembolic events (TE) in SLE. For this purpose, multivariable Cox regression models were analysed using the statistical package SPSS 10.0 for Windows. Results: The following were defined as risk factors for death at disease onset: male sex (p<0.001, relative risk (RR)=3.5), age >40 at disease onset (p<0.0001, RR=19.9), nephritis (p<0.05, RR=1.6), a reduction of creatinine clearance (p<0.001, RR=1.8), heart disease (p=0.05, RR=1.5), and central nervous system (CNS) disease (p=0.06, RR=1.6). An increase in the SDI of two or more points from the first to the third year of disease was the worst prognostic factor (p<0.0001, RR=7.7). The existence of Ro or nRNP antibodies, or both, was protective (p<0.05, RR =0.1). A low C3 (p<0.01 RR=3.0) and splenomegaly (p<0.01 RR=2.7) at disease onset turned out to be risk factors for ESRD besides a nephritis. In patients with hypertension (p<0.05) and/or high titres of dsDNA antibodies (>70 U/l) (p<0.01) and/or a mean ECLAM score of 4 (p<0.01) in the course of disease, a prevalence of ESRD was recorded in 9% (p<0.05) and 10% (p<0.01), and 8% (p<0.01) v 4% in the whole group. Analysis of risk factors at disease onset for TE identified positive lupus anticoagulant (p=0.17, RR=1.6), cryoglobulins (p<0.05, RR=1.8), and nephritis (p=0.05, RR=1.4), in addition to an age >40 at disease onset. Conclusions: A subgroup of patients in the Erlangen cohort with a typical clinical and serological phenotype at disease onset that is at high risk for a worse outcome was identified. Identification of these white patients at risk at disease onset will enable treatment to be intensified and thereby possibly prevent or better control late stage manifestations.
Stimulation of b 1-Integrin Function by Epidermal Growth Factor and Heregulin-b Has Distinct Requirements for erbB 2 but a Similar Dependence on Phosphoinositide 3OH Kinase

Integrins and growth factor receptors are important participants in cellular adhesion and migration. The EGF receptor (EGFR) family of tyrosine kinases and the b1-integrin adhesion receptors are of particular interest, given the implication for their involvement in the initiation and progression of tumorigenesis. We used adhesion and chemotaxis assays to further elucidate the relationship between these two families of transmembrane signaling molecules. Specifically, we examined integrin-mediated adhesive and migratory characteristics of the metastatic breast carcinoma cell line MDA-MB-435 in response to stimulation with growth factors that bind to and activate the EGFR or erbB3 in these cells. Although ligand engagement of the EGFR stimulated modest b1-dependent increases in cell adhesion and motility, heregulin-b (HRGb) binding to the erbB3 receptor initiated rapid and potent induction of breast carcinoma cell adhesion and migration and required dimerization of erbB3 with erbB2. Pharmacologic inhibitors of phosphoinositide 3-OH kinase (PI 3-K) or transient expression of dominant negative forms of PI 3-K inhibited both EGFand HRGb-mediated adhesion and potently blocked HRGband EGFinduced cell motility. Our results illustrate the critical role of PI 3-K activity in signaling pathways initiated by the EGFR or erbB3 to up-regulate b1-integrin function.
Genetic counselling in tribals in India

Genetic counselling in tribals unlike general population residing in cities and near villages is a difficult task due of their lower literacy and poor socio-economic status. However, sustained effort is essential with a close interaction in the local language, certain misbeliefs need to be removed gradually taking into account their socio-cultural background. The present communication deals with our experience in counselling for haemoglobinopathies during Neonatal Screening Programme undertaken for sickle cell disease in Kalahandi district of Orissa and Community Screening Programmes in primitive tribes of India in four States viz. Orissa, Gujarat, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra. Counselling during neonatal screening programme was very well accepted demonstrating the benefit to the small babies as regards the morbidity. Premarital marriage counselling was also accepted by them. The success rate as followed up for 5 years is almost 50 per cent, the limitation being long follow up. Genetic counselling in these areas has to be continuous to achieve success and therefore the need for setting up of permanent centres in the tribal areas in India.
Mixed methods research on the role of pupils as assessors in quality assurance of schools in Malta

This article describes a study conducted in Malta on pupil voice in the role of assessor. The purpose of the study was to provide a fresh perspective on school quality assurance in Malta, by asking those who are directly affected – the pupils themselves. The data provided by the study could help educational leaders, together with the whole school community to understand how schools in Malta are perceived and judged by pupils. The results could provide valuable knowledge for more effective and more efficient appraisal of schools. Ultimately, the findings could shed light on proposals for better-quality schools in Malta. The main research question of the study was: From the pupils’ perspective, what are the quality indicators of a good school? The article describes how, and why, the study adopted a mixed methods approach, gathering both quantitative and qualitative data to address the research questions in a way that allowed multiple perspectives to be considered. The main research instrument was a questionnaire survey, collecting largely quantitative data, in which 1618 pupils participated. This was complemented by qualitative data collected through focus group sessions with pupils, group interviews with student councils and one-to-one interviews with heads of schools and policymakers. Data was gathered from a total of 42 different schools.