Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical applications of palifermin: amelioration of oral mucositis and other potential indications

Mucositis is one of the most significant toxicities in cancer patients undergoing cytotoxic treatment. It can have a negative impact on both quality of life and health economics. Severe oral mucositis can contribute to hospitalization, need for narcotic analgesics, total parentral nutrition, suboptimal delivery of anti‐neoplastic treatment, and morbidity and mortality. Palifermin, a recombinant derivative of human keratinocyte growth factor, is the first active agent approved by the FDA for the prevention of severe oral mucositis in patients undergoing haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Several studies have also shown significant reduction in the incidence, severity and/or duration of oral mucositis in other high‐risk settings such as concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CT/RT) for patients with head and neck cancer, and use of mucotoxic chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin in sarcoma and fluorouracil for the treatment of colorectal cancer. The reduction in mucositis has translated into amelioration of symptoms and improvement in daily functioning as measured by patient‐reported outcome in multiple studies. The clinical response to palifermin appears to be related in part to epithelial proliferation and mucosal thickening. Palifermin also has other potential clinical applications including the acceleration of immune reconstitution and inhibition of graft‐versus‐host disease in patients undergoing HSCT, and mitigation of dysphagia in lung cancer patients treated with concurrent CT/RT. Palifermin is generally well tolerated with mild‐to‐moderate skin and oral adverse events. Future studies may expand the use of palifermin into other areas that would benefit from its cytoprotective and regenerative effects.
Adolescent Control Beliefs: Cross-cultural Variations of Primary and Secondary Orientations

This article reports of two studies addressing the meaning of primary and secondary control beliefs for transition to modernity and modern adolescents. Study 1 participants (N = 365) were Malaysian (transition to modernity), and German and North American (modern) adolescents. Study 2 participants (N = 757) were Israeli Druze (transition to modernity) and Israeli Jewish (modern) adolescents. The control beliefs scales employed in the two studies drew from the primary-secondary control beliefs conceptualisation (Rothbaum, Weisz, & Snyder, 1982), shared a similar Likert-type item structure, but differed in operationalisation. Analyses tested two hypotheses: (1) the value mediation hypothesis postulated that transition to modernity adolescents will score higher on secondary control beliefs and modern adolescents will score higher on primary control beliefs; (2) the double transition hypothesis postulated that transition to modernity adolescents will score higher on both primary and secondary control beliefs. Results supported these hypotheses only partly. However, they did show clearly that transition to modernity adolescents endorsed secondary control beliefs more strongly than did modem adolescents. The discussion focuses on possible explanations of inconsistent results. It also suggests that future research should address two issues brought to light: the adaptive value of primary and secondary control beliefs; and the explanatory value of different control types. Both should be studied in historical, developmental, and cultural contexts.
Evaluación de competencias básicas en tic en docentes de educación superior en México.

Este estudio evaluo las competencias basicas en TIC de docentes en Educacion Superior enMexico, la muestra se integro por 432 docentes. Los datos se obtuvieron a traves de uninstrumento de medida basado en el modelo "Estandares UNESCO de Competencias en TICpara Docentes 2008". Entre los resultados destaco que los docentes poseen un dominio demoderado a moderado alto de las TIC, asimismo, despues de los analisis ANOVA y las pruebast de Student, se encontro que los factores como correo electronico, Internet, edad yadopcion basada en intereses modifican el nivel de dominio de las Tecnologias de la Informaciony Comunicacion.
Role Transitions in Organizational Life : An Identity-based Perspective

Contents: A.P. Brief, J.P. Walsh, Series Editors' Foreword. Preface. Roles and Role Transitions. Role Identities. Psychological Motives Aroused by Role Transitions. Attributes of Role Transitions. Role Exit. Role Entry: Situational Context. Role Entry: Individual Dynamics. With M. Fugate, Role Transitions and the Life Span. With G.E. Kreiner, M. Fugate, S.A. Johnson, Micro Role Transitions. Epilogue: Summary and Major Themes.
School Start Times and the Sleep–Wake Cycle of Adolescents

The authors have integrated the major findings on the sleep–wake cycle and its performance correlates in adolescents. Basic research shows that lack of synchronicity between early school start times and the circadian rhythm of adolescents (and the sleep debt accumulated as a result) involves several cognitive correlates that may harm the academic performance of adolescent students. The authors therefore examined findings from pilot interventions in which schools delayed their start times; specifically, they examined the effects on students, including potential pitfalls and strategies to consider for effective scheduling change. There is sufficient evidence that adolescent students would benefit from delaying school start times and that this change can be implemented with tolerable consequences if adequately strategized by school districts and communities.
Promoting a self-sustaining learning community: investigating an internal model for teacher development

The authors report an investigation of a five-step structured study-group approach to promoting a self-sustaining learning community that supports teachers in developing the ‘habits of mind’ necessary for improving literacy acquisition and development for urban African American students attending a low-performing, high-poverty elementary school. The authors report that over a two-year time period the conversations among the teachers at the study-group meetings changed to be more positive about the children, to make linkages between themselves and the culture the children bring to school, to enthusiasm for sharing their own strategies and engaging in public reflection, and collaborating in developing new instructional approaches.
How Effective are Codes of Ethics? A Look at Three Newsrooms

Few changes in journalism ethics have been as dramatic as the proliferation of codes of ethics in newsrooms. Yet little has been done to assess how codes of ethics shape journalists' behavior when they are faced with real ethical problems. This study explores that question by looking at the role that codes have played in real cases in three separate newsrooms.
A horseradish peroxidase study of the olfactory system of the frog, Rana esculenta

The olfactory system of the frog Rana esculenta was studied by using horseradish peroxidase (HRP) tracing of axonal pathways. Injections of HRP were made in the main olfactory bulb (MOB), accessory olfactory bulb (AOB), anterior olfactory nucleus (AON), the amygdala (AMY), and in a zone of the leteral wall of the telencephalic hemisphere immediately posterior to the AOB. Projections from these sites are described and are generally similar to those obtained by degeneration methods. However, HRP reveals more extensive olfactory connections than previously reported. Ipsilateral, contralateral, and bilateral projections arc described. The MOB, AOB, and AON have ipsilateral connections to each other. The MOB and AOB have very different projections. The MOB and AON project via the habenular commissure (HC) to the contralateral medial wall of the telencephalon. Ipsilateral MOB fibers also terminate in this cell‐free zone where the medial forebrain bundle (MFB) originates. The AOB projects to the lateral cortex of the contralateral telencephalic hemisphere via the HC and also to the ipsilateral AMY and lateral forebrain bundle (LFB) from where some fibers project contralaterally. HRP injections in the AMY retrogradely fill cells in the ipsilateral AOB, two nuclei of the ipsilateral hypothalamus and a nucleus of cells caudal to the ipsilateral nucleus isthmi. Fibers are also labeled that project to the contralateral AMY. Few fibers were observed to decussate in the interpeduncular nucleus or optic chiasma. No olfactory fibers were found to project to the habenular nuclei, and no labeled neurons were found to project to the olfactory bulbs. No morphological asymmetry was observed qualitatively in the distribution of olfactory fibers in the two halves of the brain.
Ideological Foundations of Perceived Contract Breach Associated With Downsizing: An Empirical Investigation

This paper explores the effects of three managerial ideologies on the degree of psychological contract breach perceived in connection with a downsizing event. Results from surveys conducted in the U.S. and Singapore suggest that a strong belief in the ideologies of market competition or shareholder interest reduces the perceived contract breach associated with a downsizing, while strong belief in the third ideology, the ideology of employee worth, has the opposite effect. Theoretical implications and suggestions for future research are discussed.
RecA and RadA Proteins of Brucella abortus Do Not Perform Overlapping Protective DNA Repair Functions following Oxidative Burst

ABSTRACT Very little is known about the role of DNA repair networks in Brucella abortus and its role in pathogenesis. We investigated the roles of RecA protein, DNA repair, and SOS regulation in B. abortus. While recA mutants in most bacterial species are hypersensitive to UV damage, surprisingly a B. abortus recA null mutant conferred only modest sensitivity. We considered the presence of a second RecA protein to account for this modest UV sensitivity. Analyses of the Brucella spp. genomes and our molecular studies documented the presence of only one recA gene, suggesting a RecA-independent repair process. Searches of the available Brucella genomes revealed some homology between RecA and RadA, a protein implicated in E. coli DNA repair. We considered the possibility that B. abortus RadA might be compensating for the loss of RecA by promoting similar repair activities. We present functional analyses that demonstrated that B. abortus RadA complements a radA defect in E. coli but could not act in place of the B. abortus RecA. We show that RecA but not RadA was required for survival in macrophages. We also discovered that recA was expressed at high constitutive levels, due to constitutive LexA cleavage by RecA, with little induction following DNA damage. Higher basal levels of RecA and its SOS-regulated gene products might protect against DNA damage experienced following the oxidative burst within macrophages.
De-Westernization and the governance of global cultural connectivity: a dialogic approach to East Asian media cultures

In the last two decades, we have witnessed dramatic developments in the production of media cultures and their transnational circulation in non-Western regions. East Asia is one of the key regions in which these alternative cultural expressions flourish, in which cultural mixing and corporate collaboration intensify, and in which intra-regional consumption is set in motion. These developments have posed serious questions about the continuing plausibility of Euro-American cultural domination, and they necessitate the de-Westernization of the study of media and cultural globalization. Yet the degree to which the rise of East Asian media culture challenges West-centred power configurations remains a matter of debate—especially as new configurations of global governance in media culture have emerged which are subtly superseding the East–West binary, and permeating both Western and non-Western regions. This article analyses the rise of East Asian media cultures in terms of the governance of global media culture connectivity, with a particular focus on how the growing regional circulation of media products has promoted dialogic cross-border linkages. The article begins by sketching how the production, circulation, and connectivity of media cultures in East Asia have highlighted new perspectives and experiences in globalization. Homing in on the Japanese context, it then explores how the interplay of three modes of governance in global media culture puts critical limits on the way in which these interlinked media cultures can enhance cross-border dialogue. Specifically, the article examines the collaboration of media and cultural industries, the institutionalization of cultural internationalism, and the growing interest of states in branding the nation via media cultures. While the increasing circulation and consumption of East Asian media cultures have considerably facilitated dialogic connections among people in the region, it is still a matter of debate whether these developments can fundamentally challenge uneven processes of globalization in media cultures and build cross-border dialogue.
MYC Immunohistochemistry to Identify MYC-Driven B-Cell Lymphomas in Clinical Practice.

OBJECTIVES Immunohistochemistry with anti-MYC antibody (MYC IHC) detects MYC protein in fixed samples of aggressive B-cell lymphomas and, according to the number of positive staining tumor nuclei, facilitates tumor subclassification, predicts underlying MYC rearrangements, and stratifies patient outcome. We aimed to determine the performance of MYC IHC in clinical practice. METHODS We reviewed MYC IHC performed on control specimens and 256 aggressive B-cell lymphomas and compared clinically reported IHC scores with experts' review. RESULTS Control tissues showed less than 5% variation in daily IHC staining. Reported and expert IHC scores were well correlated (r = 0.86) with an SD of 14.2%. Reported IHC scores 30% or less and 70% or more were accurate (94.5%) compared with experts in categorizing tumors as "MYC IHC-Low" and "MYC IHC-High," respectively, but scores 40% to 60% were not (60.3%). The mean IHC score among lymphomas with MYC rearrangements was 80%, but with a large range of scores (20%-100%). There was no statistically significant association between IHC score and MYC copy number. CONCLUSIONS Under optimal conditions, clinically reported MYC IHC scores are concordant with expert scores within 15%. MYC IHC does not capture all B-cell lymphomas with MYC rearrangements, however. MYC IHC and MYC fluorescence in situ hybridization are both recommended to identify MYC-driven B-cell lymphomas.
Leukocyte Invasion of the Brain After Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Mice

Background and Purpose— Neuroinflammatory processes contribute to secondary neuronal damage after intracerebral hemorrhage. We aimed to characterize the time course of brain immigration of different leukocyte subsets after striatal injection of either autologous blood or collagenase in mice. Methods— Intracerebral hemorrhage was induced by injection of either autologous blood (20 &mgr;L) or collagenase (0.03 U) in C57Bl/6J mice. Hematoma volumetry was performed on cryosections. Blood volume was measured by hemoglobin spectrophotometry. Leukocytes were isolated from hemorrhagic hemisphere 1, 3, 5, and 14 days after intracerebral hemorrhage, stained for leukocyte markers, and measured by flow cytometry. Heterologous blood injection from CD45.1 mice was used to investigate the origin of brain-invading leukocytes. Results— Collagenase injection induced a larger hematoma volume but a similar blood content compared with blood injection. Cerebral leukocyte infiltration in the hemorrhagic hemisphere was similar in both models. The majority of leukocytes isolated from the brain originated from the circulation. CD4+ T lymphocytes were the predominant brain leukocyte population in both models. However, cerebral granulocyte counts were higher after collagenase compared with blood injection. Conclusions— Brain infiltration of systemic immune cells is similar in both murine intracerebral hemorrhage models. The pathophysiological impact of invading leukocytes and, in particular, of T cells requires further investigation.
Career commitment, proactive personality, and work outcomes: a cross-lagged study

Purpose – The aim of this paper is to examine the relationships of career commitment to turnover intention, internal networking, job embeddedness, and turnover, and whether proactive personality moderates these relationships. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected at two points in time, spaced by a six-month interval, from a sample of employees working in diverse organizations (n=312 at Time 1 and n=186 at Time 2). Hypotheses were tested using moderated multiple (linear and logistic) regression analyses. Findings – Career commitment was positively related to Time 1 turnover intention, with this relationship being stronger at high levels of proactivity. Proactive personality also interacted with career commitment in predicting Time 2 internal networking and job embeddedness, such that these relationships were significantly positive only at low levels of proactivity. Finally, career commitment was positively related to Time 2 turnover, but this relationship was not moderated by proactive personal.
On linear-phase FIR filters with variable bandwidth

Recently, a particular structure for linear-phase finite-impulse response (FIR) filters with a variable bandwidth has received attention. In this structure, the overall transfer function is a weighted linear combination of fixed subfilters, with the weights being directly determined by the bandwidth. An advantage of this structure is that there are only a few adjustable parameters (weights), which results in a simple updating routine. However, in this paper, it is demonstrated that the use of a number of fixed regular overdesigned filters, each taking care of a part of the frequency region, in fact results in a lower overall arithmetic complexity. The price to pay is an increased group and phase delay.
Promoting early literacy through the professional development of preschool teachers

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a professional learning program on the emergent literacy skills of preschool children. Building Blocks for Literacy® is a program consisting of training supported by mentoring designed to teach early childcare providers how to promote the development of early literacy skills. A previous investigation found positive effects of the program on the pre-literacy skills of children in Vermont. The current study extended their work by replicating the training for Head Start teachers (n = 27) in another state. Teachers were divided into three groups. One group received the training and live mentoring; a second group received training and distance mentoring; and a third group of teachers served as controls. The results indicate that children (n = 97) served by teachers who received the training (n = 18) made higher gains on a measure of early literacy skills than those children (n = 36) served by control teachers. The gains made by children in the treatment groups were consistent for teachers who received either live or distance mentoring. Implications for practice are discussed.
Training for Success in a Child with ADHD

This article presents a case study to illustrate how children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) can be assessed and successfully trained using neurofeedback. There is established efficacy for using neurofeedback to treat ADHD (Arns, De Ridder, Strehl, Breteler, & Coenen, 2009; Gani, Birbaumer, & Strehl, 2009; Gevensleben et al., 2009). Indeed, the American Academy of Pediatrics gave biofeedback Level 1 efficacy in its 2012 review (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2012), the same level of efficacy as is given to medications. The other condition that has sufficient randomized controlled studies to establish efficacy for electroencephalogram biofeedback is epilepsy (Tan et al., 2009). This case is presented to share techniques that will help clinicians conduct neurofeedback appropriately so that good results are obtained. The future of our field depends on every practitioner doing a quality job with excellent outcomes.
Promoting plurilingualism in the majority language classroom

This paper presents a European Centre for Modern Languages project about plurilingual majority language teaching. ‘Majority language’ is the term used in the project to refer to the national language(s)/language(s) of instruction in schools. ‘Plurilingualism’ is used with reference to Council of Europe terminology to denote individual learner's repertoires in multiple languages. The project aimed to find out how teachers of the majority language manage to cope with the challenge of plurilingualism, which they usually were not prepared for in their initial training. Firstly, the paper discusses the results of a small-scale survey among experts from 23 European countries that showed the large gap between perceived needs and concrete measures and resources in this field. Then, the project activities are described: collecting and documenting different varieties of resources, developing practice examples and providing classroom videos to illustrate the principles of plurilingual majority language teaching. Lastly, the paper explains how these principles identified by the project were structured and phrased to become easily manageable by teaching practitioners, how the practice examples illustrate the implementation of these principles in the classroom and how the project offers ideas on how to manage the change towards a plurilingual majority language classroom.
Structural and functional results of indirect diode laser treatment for retinopathy of prematurity from 1999 to 2003 in Kuwait

Purpose The purpose was to report the structural, visual, and refractive outcomes of infants treated for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) with laser and to identify the risk factors for unfavorable outcomes. Materials and methods The charts of infants with severe ROP treated by diode laser in a tertiary center during the period April 1999 to November 2003 were reviewed. Treated infants were followed up for fundus examination, visual acuity assessment, and cycloplegic refraction. Data regarding ocular risk factors, like zones of ROP and the extent of extraretinal proliferations, and data regarding various systemic risk factors were collected. A minimum follow up of 6 months was needed for inclusion in the study of structural outcome. A minimum follow up of 24 months was needed for the study of visual and refractive outcomes. The outcomes measured were: rate of unfavorable structural outcome, unfavorable visual outcome (visual acuity < 20/40), and high myopia (myopia ≥ 5 diopters). The ocular and systemic risk factors were studied for their significance in the development of unfavorable outcomes. Results Two hundred seventy eyes of 148 infants were treated for severe ROP, out of which 20 eyes (7.4%) had unfavorable structural outcome. Visual data were available for 149 eyes of 81 infants, of which 70 eyes (47%) had unfavorable visual outcome. Refractive data were available for 131 eyes of 72 infants, and high myopia was present in 23 (17.6%) eyes. Zone I disease was the significant risk factor for unfavorable structural (P < 0.0001), unfavorable visual outcome (P = 0.03), and for high myopia (P < 0.0001). Lower post-conceptional age at treatment was significant for unfavorable structural outcome (P = 0.03) and high myopia (P < 0.0001). Presence of sepsis (P = 0.029) and extraretinal proliferation ≥ 6 hours were significant for unfavorable structural outcome (P = 0.002). Conclusion ROP in zone I was the most significant risk factor for all the unfavorable outcomes. Laser-treated ROP infants need long term follow up.