Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sequential Generation of Two Distinct Synapse-Driven Network Patterns in Developing Neocortex

Developing cortical networks generate a variety of coherent activity patterns that participate in circuit refinement. Early network oscillations (ENOs) are the dominant network pattern in the rodent neocortex for a short period after birth. These large-scale calcium waves were shown to be largely driven by glutamatergic synapses albeit GABA is a major excitatory neurotransmitter in the cortex at such early stages, mediating synapse-driven giant depolarizing potentials (GDPs) in the hippocampus. Using functional multineuron calcium imaging together with single-cell and field potential recordings to clarify distinct network dynamics in rat cortical slices, we now report that the developing somatosensory cortex generates first ENOs then GDPs, both patterns coexisting for a restricted time period. These patterns markedly differ by their developmental profile, dynamics, and mechanisms: ENOs are generated before cortical GDPs (cGDPs) by the activation of glutamatergic synapses mostly through NMDARs; cENOs are low-frequency oscillations (∼0.01 Hz) displaying slow kinetics and gradually involving the entire network. At the end of the first postnatal week, GABA-driven cortical GDPs can be reliably monitored; cGDPs are recurrent oscillations (∼0.1 Hz) that repetitively synchronize localized neuronal assemblies. Contrary to cGDPs, cENOs were unexpectedly facilitated by short anoxic conditions suggesting a contribution of glutamate accumulation to their generation. In keeping with this, alterations of extracellular glutamate levels significantly affected cENOs, which are blocked by an enzymatic glutamate scavenger. Moreover, we show that a tonic glutamate current contributes to the neuronal membrane excitability when cENOs dominate network patterns. Therefore, cENOs and cGDPs are two separate aspects of neocortical network maturation that may be differentially engaged in physiological and pathological processes.
An exploratory case study to consider the distinctive contribution of educational psychologists as trainers within Children's Services

Background: Due to a change in service delivery, the Educational Psychology Service (EPS) in which the researcher works now has an income-generated target which represents 20% of the full cost of the service. An increasing amount of this traded work is delivered in the form of training. Whilst training is perceived to be an important role of an Educational Psychologist (EP), there is a dearth of published literature about the role of the EP as a trainer. It was therefore felt that it would be useful to establish a more in-depth understanding of the EP? s role as a trainer, its distinctive and valuable contribution and the content and process elements of effective EP training.Participants: Sixteen participants in total took part within the study. This included the Principal Educational Psychologist of a Central England Metropolitan Local Authority, three EPs who delivered three separate training events, the three commissioners of the EP training events, and nine recipients of the EP training events.Methods: The study uses an exploratory single case study design, using a combination of semi-structured interviews and a focus group with additional data from a training observation, documentary analysis of training materials and training evaluation data. The interviews and focus group were analysed using inductive, explicit thematic analysis.Findings: A wide range of themes were identified about the distinct and valued contribution of EPs as trainers. Some of these included: EPs? psychological knowledge and skills; EPs? local knowledge of schools and other services; EPs? wider view of training. Further findings identified the competing demands for Educational Psychology Services in delivering effective training and the commercialisation of EP services within the current financial climate.Conclusions: The exploratory nature of the study allowed for distinct and valued contributions of EPs? as trainers to be identified. This resulted in a number of implications and recommendations for future practice.
Brain activity and connectivity attributable to nociceptive signal block

Converging lines of evidence indicate that the pain experience emerges from distributed cortical nodes that share nociceptive information. While the theory of a single pain center is still not falsifiable by current neuroimaging technology, the validation of distinct brain mechanisms for acute pain and its relief is ongoing and strongly dependent on the employed experimental design. In the current study including a total of 28 subjects, a recently presented, innovative experimental approach was adopted that is able to clearly differentiate painful from non-pain perceptions without changing stimulus strength and while recording brain activity using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Namely, we applied a repetitive and purely nociceptive stimulus to the tooth pulp with subsequent suppression of the nociceptive barrage via a regional nerve block. The study aims were 1) to replicate previous findings of acute pain demonstrating a fundamental role of the operculo-insular region and 2) to explore its functional connectivity during pain and subsequent relief. The brain activity reduction in the posterior insula (pINS) due to pain extinction was confirmed. In addition, the posterior S2 region (OP1) showed a similar activity pattern, thus confirming the relevance of the operculo-insular cortex in acute pain processing. Furthermore, the functional connectivity analysis yielded an enhanced positive coupling of the pINS with the cerebellar culmen during pain relief, whereas the OP1 demonstrated a positive coupling with the posterior midcingulate cortex during pain. The current results support the conceptual synthesis of localized specialization of pain processing with interactions across distributed neural targets.
Learning From and With Others.

SEPTEMBER 1971, the Louis ville, Kentucky, public schools entered into the second year of experimentation in nine elementary schools, four junior high schools, and one senior high school. Though a num ber of changes have been inaugurated, plans for these schools are essentially the same as they were for the 1970-71 school year. No rigid formula has been applied; instead, each of the experimental schools has the autonomy of its own decision making and planning. Some of the features of the program are: a much smaller pupil-adult ratio; work with Teacher Corps interns; and use of paraprofessionals. Most of the schools are located in low income areas. These schools have highlighted an in terest in the affective domain as well as in the cognitive. The community is involved in all stages of the planning and implementation of the curriculum, which is essentially childcentered. Emphasis has been placed on the following: team teaching; individualized in struction; a more humanistic attitude of teachers toward students; a more relevant curriculum; increased freedom for students to pursue subjects of their own choosing; and informal classroom settings. All personnel involved participated in preservice and inservice sessions designed to increase their proficiency. Since a great concern for individual students is essential for the success of such programs, schools involved have planned and carried out numerous experiences in "learning with and from others. "
Let the Pirates Patch ? An Economic Analysis of Network Software Security Patch Restrictions

Piracy has long been an important concern for the software industry. The relative ease of reproducing and distributing software, as with any digital good, combined with the high value that many software products command makes software a prime target for piracy and unlicensed use. Today, an estimated every third copy of Microsoft’s widely used Windows operating system is unlicensed (Fried 2005), and the ratio of pirated software reaches up to 90% of total usage in certain countries (BSA-IDC 2005). The estimated total cost of software piracy and counterfeiting in the U.S. alone is about $7 Billion per year, and the annual global cost of piracy exceeds $30 Billion (Rooney 2005). Further, in the contemporary global technology environment characterized by broad Internet connectivity and frequent threats on network security, the impact of software piracy on vendors is not simply limited to lost revenues from unrealized sales. Rather, unprecedented new issues and challenges such as security interdependence among interconnected systems and the related incentive problems in a network environment arise and pose new complications brought about by software piracy.
Student Autonomy: A Case Study of Intrinsic Motivation in the Art Classroom

Student Autonomy: A Case Study of Intrinsic Motivation in the Art Room Downi Griner Department of Visual Art, BYU Master of Arts How might a curriculum based on Self-Determination Theory (SDT) influence student motivation and art making in a 9th grade art classroom? The researcher devised a negotiated curriculum called The Master Artist Program based on the SDT theory of intrinsic motivation. The implementation of this curriculum was designed to explore the question of how a curriculum based on SDT theory would influence student motivation and art making in a 9 th grade art classroom. This curriculum was implemented in a ninth grade art class on an optional basis for the course of nine weeks. The results of data analysis, illustrated by relevant vignettes, revealed features indicative of intrinsic motivation as well as peer interaction and community.
Robust relative pose estimation of two cameras by decomposing epipolar geometry

Die Deutsche Nationalbibliothek verzeichnet diese Publikation in der Deutschen Nationalbibliografie; detaillierte bibliografische Daten sind im Internet über http://dnb.d-nb.de abrufbar. Acknowledgements First of all, I would like to thank Prof. Dr. Rolf-Rainer Grigat for giving me the opportunity of doing research in the fascinating field of computer vision and for supporting my work. I am also greatful to Prof. Dr. Reinhard Koch for being the second referee of my thesis and to Prof. Dr. Siegfried Rump for chairing my graduation process. The members of the Vision Systems group made this research very enjoyable, and I would like to thank them all for many technical discussions. Special thanks go to Marco Grimm for creative conversations on our ideas, to Philipp Urban who helped me identify mathematical pitfalls, and to Dipl. -Ing. Ralph Kricke for always increasing my mood with his excellent humor. Many thanks go to my friends Thilo Heinrichson, Marko Soltau, Rüdiger Bölcke and Matthias Dehn who listened to me when not everything went fine and who helped me free my mind in life outside the university. I would like to thank my parents deeply for their continuous support. Finally, Sandra, I would like to thank you for your love, for your patience and for always keeping me grounded.
Periostin as a marker of mucosal remodelling in chronic rhinosinusitis.

BACKGROUND Although extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins are associated with irreversible lower airway changes, the relationship with upper airway remodelling which occurs during chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is poorly understood. This study assessed the expression of ECM proteins periostin, fibulin-1, fibronectin and collagenIV in nasal mucosa of patients with and without histologic features of remodelling. METHODS A cross-sectional study of sinonasal mucosal biopsies taken from patients, undergoing surgery for CRS was performed, where patients were grouped according to remodelling, defined by basement membrane thickening (BMT over 7.5 micrometer) and subepithelial fibrosis. An overall view and three random fields of immunostained tissue sections that included epithelium, basement membrane and submucosa, were imaged using Zeiss Zen software. The area and intensity of positive staining were scored by two blinded observers, using a 12-point ordinal scale of weak to strong. RESULTS 65 patients (47.6 +/- 13.4years, 44.6% female) were assessed. Patients were grouped as controls 26.2%, BMT/no fibrosis 38.5% or BMT and fibrosis 33.8%. Stronger grade of periostin expression was associated with remodelling changes and tissue eosinophilia over 10/HPF. Fibulin-1, fibronectin and collagenIV did not differ. CONCLUSION Periostin expression was associated with the presence of BMT, fibrosis and tissue eosinophilia and may identify patients undergoing remodelling changes.
From Happy Homemaker to Desperate Housewives: Motherhood and Popular Television

Monica Geller Wikipedia January 29th, 2019 Monica E Geller is a fictional character one of the six main characters who appears on the American sitcom Friends 1994â€“2004 Created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman and portrayed by actress Courteney Cox Monica appears in each of the show s 236 episodes from its premiere on September 24 1994 to its finale on May 6 2004 A chef known for her cleanliness competitiveness and
Signal Processing and Propagation for Aeroacoustic Sensor Networks

Passive sensing of acoustic sources is attractive in many respects, including the relatively low signal bandwidth of sound waves, the loudness of most sources of interest, and the inherent difficulty of disguising or concealing emitted acoustic signals. The availability of inexpensive, low-power sensing and signal-processing hardware enables application of sophisticated real-time signal processing. Among the many applications of aeroacoustic sensors, we focus in this chapter on detection and localization of ground and air (both jet and rotary) vehicles from ground-based sensor networks. Tracking and classification are briefly considered as well. Elaborate, aeroacoustic systems for passive vehicle detection were developed as early as World War I [1]. Despite this early start, interest in aeroacoustic sensing has generally lagged other technologies until the recent packaging of small microphones, digital signal processing, and wireless communications into compact, unattended systems. An overview of modern outdoor acoustic sensing is presented by Becker and Güdesen [2]. Experiments in the early 1990s, such as those described by Srour and Robertson [3], demonstrated the feasibility of network detection, array processing, localization, and multiple target tracking via Kalman filtering. Many of the fundmental issues and challenges described by Srour and Robertson [3] remain relevant today. Except at very close range, the typical operating frequency range we consider is roughly 30 to 250Hz. Below 30Hz (the infrasonic regime) the wavelengths are greater than 10m, so that rather large arrays may be required. Furthermore, wind noise (random pressure fluctuations induced by atmospheric turbulence) reduces the observed signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) [2]. At frequencies above several hundred hertz, molecular absorption of sound and interference between direct and ground-reflected waves attenuate received signals significantly [4]. In effect, the propagation environment acts as a low-pass filter; this is particularly evident at longer ranges.
Continuing professional development needs of teachers in schools for competence-based vocational education : A case study from The Netherlands

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to help schools for vocational education determine teachers' continuing professional development needs associated with implementing competence‐based education programs, so that these schools can develop better attuned HR policies. It investigates which elements from the cognitive apprenticeship model and from the acquisition and participation metaphors can be identified in the individual action theories of their teachers.Design/methodology/approach – A case study was conducted in one school for vocational education, where 12 teachers engaged in an innovation project around the development of a new competence‐based education program for pupils. They participated in concept mapping, cued interviews (based on video recordings), semi‐structured interviews, and a joint feedback session. These four sources were used for an in‐depth content analysis of teachers' action theories.Findings – No distinctive, crystallized action theories about competence‐based vocational educa.
Clear cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix: clinical characteristics and feasibility of fertility-preserving treatment

The objective of this retrospective study was to analyze the clinical characteristics and prognosis of clear cell adenocarcinoma (CCA) in the post-diethylstilbestrol (DES) era and to evaluate the feasibility of fertility-preserving treatment. The records of 32 patients with CCAs who were treated at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from August 1986 to June 2012 were retrospectively reviewed. Three of the patients had undergone fertility-preserving treatment. The incidence of CCA among cervical adenocarcinomas was 15.2%. The median age was 38 years: 11 patients (34.4%) were diagnosed before 30 years of age and two (6.3%) after 70 years of age. Ten patients (31.2%) were nulliparous. No patient had been exposed to DES. Twenty-nine patients (90.6%) presented with obvious symptoms, and the cervix appeared abnormal in 26 patients (81.3%). Cervical Papanicolaou (Pap) tests were abnormal in all four patients in whom they were performed (three had high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions and one had atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance). The distribution by stage was 56.3% stage I, 34.4% stage II, 6.3% stage III, and 3.1% stage IV. Treatments mainly included surgery for patients with stage I to IIA CCA and radiochemotherapy for patients with advanced CCA. The overall 5-year progression-free survival was 72.2%. Patients with stage I to IIA CCA had better 5-year progression-free survival than did patients with stage IIB to IV CCA (81.5% versus 40.0%, P=0.003). The three patients who had undergone fertility-preserving treatment had no recurrences. CCA may also affect adolescents and children without prior DES exposure, who are often misdiagnosed as having functional uterine bleeding. Radiotherapy appears to be effective for local control but to have no effect on distant recurrences. In our study, the prognosis of patients with early-stage CCA, including those who had undergone fertility-preserving treatment, was not inferior to that of patients with other types of cervical adenocarcinoma.
An advanced sheep (Ovis aries, 2n = 54) cytogenetic map and assignment of 88 new autosomal loci by fluorescence in situ hybridization and R-banding

Presented herein is an updated sheep cytogenetic map that contains 452 loci (291 type I and 161 type II) assigned to specific chromosome bands or regions on standard R-banded ideograms. This map, which significantly extends our knowledge of the physical organization of the ovine genome, includes new assignments for 88 autosomal loci, including 74 type I loci (known genes) and 14 type II loci (SSRs/microsatellite marker/STSs), by FISH-mapping and R-banding. Comparison of the ovine map to the cattle and goat cytogenetic maps showed that common loci were located within homologous chromosomes and chromosome bands, confirming the high level of conservation of autosomes among ruminant species. Eleven loci that were FISH-mapped in sheep (B3GAT2, ASCC3, RARSL, BRD2, POLR1C, PPP2R5D, TNRC5, BAT2, BAT4, CDC5L and OLA-DRA) are unassigned in cattle and goat. Eleven other loci (D3S32, D1S86, BMS2621, SFXN5, D5S3, D5S68, CSKB1, D7S49, D9S15, D9S55 and D29S35) were assigned to specific ovine chromosome (OAR) bands but have only been assigned to chromosomes in cattle and goat.
Effects of angiotensin on the central nervous system.

In the article, "Effects of Angiotensin on the Central Nervous System" by Walter B. Severs and Anne E. Daniels-Severs, Vol. 25, No. 3, 1973, page 421, line 2 from the bottom of the left hand column should read rat brain associated with the microsomal and page 434, line 12 from the bottom of the right hand column should read microsomal Na-K ATPase of rat hypo-
Guidelines for Treating Temporal Bone Carcinoma Based on Long-Term Outcomes

Objective To describe our experience in the management of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the temporal bone (TBSCC) and to identify factors predictive of outcome. Study Design Retrospective study. Setting Quaternary referral otology and skull base center. Patients A total of 45 consecutive patients with histologically confirmed TBSCC were treated surgically at our institution between 1993 and 2011. Patients were divided into 5 stage I (11.1%), 6 stage II (13.3%), 15 stage III (31.1%), and 19 stage IV tumors (42.2%) according to the University of Pittsburgh modified TNM staging system. Interventions Twenty-one patients underwent lateral temporal bone resection, and 24 underwent subtotal temporal bone resection. Postoperative radiotherapy was performed in 27 cases. Results The 5-year disease-specific survival (DSS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS) for patients with early-stage disease (Stages I and II) was 100%. The 5-year DSS and RFS rates for patients with advanced disease (Stages III and IV) were 65.1% and 59.6%, respectively. On univariate analysis, factors that had a significant effect on both DSS and RFS were advanced Pittsburgh stage, presence of facial nerve palsy, positive tumor margins, and invasion of the fallopian canal, medial wall, middle ear, mastoid, temporomandibular joint, jugular bulb, and dura. Multivariable analysis identified only dural involvement as an independent predictor for both DSS and RFS. Conclusion In this study, the Pittsburg staging system allowed an estimation of the prognosis. In fact, the prognosis of TBSCC was strictly correlated to tumor stage. The poor prognosis of advanced stage tumors underlines the importance of early diagnosis. Surgery with or without adjuvant radiotherapy remains the standard of care in the treatment of TBSCC.
A Statistical Approach for Fingerprinting Probing Activities

Probing is often the primary stage of an intrusion attempt that enables an attacker to remotely locate, target, and subsequently exploit vulnerable systems. This paper attempts to investigate whether the perceived traffic refers to probing activities and which exact scanning technique is being employed to perform the probing. Further, this work strives to examine probing traffic dimensions to infer the `machinery' of the scan, whether the probing activity is generated from a software tool or from a worm/bot net and whether the probing is random or follows a certain predefined pattern. Motivated by recent cyber attacks that were facilitated through probing, limited cyber security intelligence related to the mentioned inferences and the lack of accuracy that is provided by scanning detection systems, this paper presents a new approach to fingerprint probing activity. The approach leverages a number of statistical techniques, probabilistic distribution methods and observations in an attempt to understand and analyze probing activities. To prevent evasion, the approach formulates this matter as a change point detection problem that yielded motivating results. Evaluations performed using 55 GB of real dark net traffic shows that the extracted inferences exhibit promising accuracy and can generate significant insights that could be used for mitigation purposes.
Simultaneous Dual Fast and Slow Pathway Conduction upon Induction of Typical Atrioventricular Nodal Reentrant Tachycardia: Electrophysiologic Characteristics in a Series of Patients

Introduction: Simultaneous dual atrioventricular nodal conduction (SDNC) through slow (SP) and fast pathway (FP) is a rare phenomenon observed upon the induction of atrioventricular nodal reciprocating tachycardia (AVNRT). The aim of this study is to report the electrophysiological features of patients showing typical AVNRT induced through SDNC.