Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Short incubation periods in Campylobacter outbreaks associated with poultry liver dishes.

Campylobacter is the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in Australia.1 The incubation period is usually between 2 and 5 days but can range from 1 to 10 days.2 Symptoms include diarrhoea (often bloody), fever and abdominal pain, and can persist for 7 days or longer.2 The infective dose required to cause illness is as low as 500 organisms.3,4 Despite a high number of notifications, outbreaks caused by Campylobacter are uncommonly detected.3,5–7
Laminar Distribution of β-Amyloid Deposits in Dementia With Lewy Bodies and in Alzheimer’s Disease

This study tested whether the laminar distribution of the β-amyloid (Aβ) deposits in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) cases with significant Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology (DLB/AD) was similar to “pure” AD. In DLB/AD, the maximum density of the diffuse and primitive deposits occurred either in the upper laminae or a bimodal distribution was present with density peaks in the upper and lower laminae. A bimodal distribution of the classic Aβ deposits was also observed. Compared with AD, DLB/AD cases had fewer primitive deposits relative to the diffuse and classic deposits; the primitive deposits exhibited a bimodal distribution more frequently, and the diffuse deposits occurred more often in the upper laminae. These results suggest that Aβ pathology in DLB/AD may not simply represent the presence of associated AD.
Effects of Two Versions of an Empathy-Based Rape Prevention Program on Fraternity Men's Survivor Empathy, Attitudes, and Behavioral Intent to Commit Rape or Sexual Assault

Fraternity men (N = 261) at a small to midsized public university saw one of two versions of a rape prevention program or were in a control group. Program participants reported significant increases in empathy toward rape survivors and significant declines in rape myth acceptance, likelihood of raping, and likelihood of committing sexual assault. Program participants' scores significantly differed from an untreated control group in several areas. Implications for describing a male-on-male rape to increase men's empathy toward female survivors and other related attitudes are discussed.
Comparative Incidence of Acute Kidney Injury in Critically Ill Patients Receiving Vancomycin with Concomitant Piperacillin‐Tazobactam or Cefepime: A Retrospective Cohort Study

The combination of vancomycin and piperacillin‐tazobactam has been associated with an increased risk of acute kidney injury (AKI) in non–critically ill patient populations, but it is still unknown if this association exists in critically ill patients. The objective of this study was to compare the incidence of AKI development during therapy or within 72 hours after completion of therapy in adult critically ill patients who received vancomycin with concomitant piperacillin‐tazobactam or cefepime.
UWB Performance of Coplanar Tapered Slot Antennas

The ultrawideband (UWB) performance and impulse response parameters of tapered slot antennas with different flare's opening rates and taper types fit to a stepped quarter-wave Chebyshev transformer are presented. This transformer is used to maximize the impedance bandwidth and power transfer gain. Different smoothing tapers are used to optimize impulse response parameters. The antennas were designed for 1-3 GHz frequency range, and the substrate is Duroid with a dielectric constant 6.15.
Dynamos and anti-dynamos as thin magnetic flux ropes in Riemannian spaces

Two examples of magnetic anti-dynamos in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) are given. The first is a 3D metric conformally related to Arnold cat fast dynamo metric: ${ds_{A}}^{2}=e^{-{\lambda}z}dp^{2}+e^{{\lambda}z}dq^{2}+dz^{2}$ is shown to present a behaviour of non-dynamos where the magnetic field exponentially decay in time. The curvature decay as z-coordinates increases without bounds. Some of the Riemann curvature components such as $R_{pzpz}$ also undergoes dissipation while component $R_{qzqz}$ increases without bounds. The remaining curvature component $R_{pqpq}$ is constant on the torus surface. The other anti-dynamo which may be useful in plasma astrophysics is the thin magnetic flux rope or twisted magnetic thin flux tube which also behaves as anti-dynamo since it also decays with time. This model is based on the Riemannian metric of the magnetic twisted flux tube where the axis possesses Frenet curvature and torsion. Since in this last example the Frenet torsion of the axis of the rope is almost zero, or the possible dynamo is almost planar it satisfies Zeldovich theorem which states that planar dynamos do not exist. Changing in topology of this result may result on a real dynamo as discussed.
Response Styles and 16 PF Higher Order Factors

This study's aim was to explore the relationship of acquiescence, social desirability (SD), and defensiveness response styles with first, second, and any higher order factors on the 16 PF. All the various kinds of response bias indexes were appreciably correlated with the first order factor scales. Each kind of response style measure predominantly loaded a different second order factor— four such factors were extracted, three of them corresponding to well established 16 PF second order factors. SD scales defined a novel factor somewhat resembling an anxiety factor, and acquiescence and defensiveness measures loaded but did not define independence and anxiety factors, respectively. None of the various kinds of response style indexes consistently loaded an extroversion factor. And none loaded the single third order factor obtained. This factor was not similar to previously reported 16 PF third order factors and its nature was unclear.
The actual and potential use of gestures for communication in aphasia

Background: Two main conflicting positions exist concerning the relationship of gesture and speech. The first claims that gesture and speech constitute a single bimodal production process that leads to an impairment of both communication channels in the case of aphasia. The second accounts for two independent but tightly coordinated processes with a trade-off relationship of gesture and speech. According to the latter assumption, speakers who have aphasia should be able to compensate for their verbal deficiencies through gesture. Studies provide evidence for both accounts. Furthermore, non-verbal capacities like semantic processing or manual praxis have been shown to influence the gestural performance of speakers who have aphasia. Aims: The first aim of the current study was to clarify the relationship between gesture and speech production in aphasia by exploring how much information speakers with aphasia conveyed by gesture versus speech in narrations. The second aim was to evaluate if these speakers make use of their full communicative potential through gesture. We compared gesture use in a verbal narration with gesture use in a silent condition, where participants were not allowed to speak. Furthermore, the influence of language and non-verbal cognitive capacities on gesture was examined. Methods & Procedures: Sixteen participants with varying degrees of aphasia severity retold short video clips in a verbal and a silent condition. In the latter, participants were asked to retell the stories by exclusively using gestures. Subsequently, healthy speakers judged the comprehensibility of gestures and of the spoken expression in the verbal narration in a forced-choice recognition task. Comprehensibility scores were compared between conditions and influencing linguistic and non-verbal factors were evaluated. Outcomes & Results: In the verbal condition, two participants conveyed more information through gesture than through spoken expression. Furthermore, half of the participants could augment gestural comprehensibility in the silent condition. Communicative efficiency of gesture was predicted by the pantomime-to-command test. Conclusions: Findings support the view that gesture and speech have a trade-off relationship resulting from two separate but tightly coordinated communication channels. Not all participants fully exploited their gestural potential in the verbal condition. Some of them produced more informative gestures in the silent condition, where they had been explicitly asked to solely convey messages through gesture. Among different linguistic and non-verbal tests, pantomime of object use, which is a test of limb apraxia, was the main influencing factor on the comprehensibility of co-speech and speech-replacing gesture.
“… It’s like the immigrants stick together, the stupid ones, and the ones who want to learn something”: dynamics of peer relations, social categories, and dropout in vocational educational training

This paper discusses how student identities are constituted through social categories and how this affects students’ educational trajectories. Dropout is often described as a sudden event but this paper demonstrates how dropping out is a long-term process involving social interactions between the students. It is based on a field study in which the author was enrolled as a student at the car mechanic program at a vocational education and training school. The various social categories emerge in contrast with each other and have fundamental influences in defining the students’ scope of action. Divisions between the students were based on discourses of ethnicity and seriousness. Four portraits of individual students, each belonging to a different peer group, are presented to describe the individual level of the peer-related dropout processes. The discussion calls for awareness of reproducing effects of taken-for-granted logics and discriminatory practices and for including identity-related perspectives on peer relations, when studying dropout.
Bodies on Display: Female Aerobic Instructors and Social Physique Anxiety

Social physique anxiety (SPA) is a subtype of social anxiety that stems from self-presentational concerns about the appearance of one’s physique. The purpose of the present study was to examine correlates of SPA among individuals who instruct in a high social evaluation setting. Data from 286 female aerobic instructors (M age = 34.11) were collected on SPA, age, body mass index (BMI), exposure to the exercise setting (number of years spent instructing and participating in aerobic classes), and motive for instructing (leadership, affect enhancement, self-presentational). Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that BMI, age, and motive for instructing accounted for 25% of the variance in SPAS scores, F(6, 223) = 12.11, p < . 0001. Women who instructed for self-presentational motives had significantly higher SPA compared to women who instructed for leadership and affect enhancement motives. Contrary to hypothesis, the amount of exposure to the aerobic exercise setting was unrelated to SPA. Based o.
The Politics of Perspectivism

In recent decades, ethnographic research in Brazil has been influenced by a model termed perspectivism that inverts the equation between nature (as a given) and culture (as variable). Focusing on the interaction between humans and animals, this model attempts to generalize about thought processes across indigenous Amazonia, resulting in the proposition that nature is the variable whereas culture remains the same. The model's generality has resulted in a remarkable similarity of ethnographic interpretations, giving the false impression that the Amazon is a homogeneous culture area. This critique of perspectivism highlights its theoretical and empirical flaws and points out that the recurrent use of certain laden expressions can have adverse consequences for indigenous peoples.
Sexuality after total abdominal hysterectomy in Srinagarind Hospital.

OBJECTIVE To determine the effects on sexuality after Total Abdominal Hysterectomy (TAH) in north-eastern Thai women. DESIGN Prospective descriptive study. SETTING Srinagarind Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University from December 2004 to May 2006. MATERIAL AND METHOD 80 married women, equal or less than 45 years old, which indicated for TAH with or without unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy. All patients had to attend the first questionnaire before surgery. The second and third questionnaires would be collected by mail in 3 and 6 months after surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Frequency of dyspareunia, sexual desire, coitus, masturbation, and the quality of sexuality after TAH. RESULTS The frequency of dyspareunia was decreased from 91.25% before TAH to 5% in 6 months after TAH (95% CI 1.19-1.61, p < 0.05). The frequency of sexual desire was increased from 55% before TAH to 88.75% in 6 months (95% CI 0.22-0.61, p < 0.05). The frequency of coitus was increased from 38.75% before TAH to 96.25% in 6 months after TAH (95% CI 0.54-0.98, p < 0.05). Normal sexual relations were increased from 53.8% before TAH to 85% in 6 months after TAH (95% CI 0.20-0.47, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Sexuality was significantly improved overall after TAH and these might be the strong positive effects of TAH on sexual function.
No Evidence for an Effect of Nutritional Status at Diagnosis on Prognosis in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Purpose: To test the hypothesis that nutritional status at diagnosis, defined as body mass index standard deviation score (SDS). is related to the prognosis in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Patients and Methods: The sample consisted of 1.025 patients with standard risk ALL who had been randomized to different intensification therapies. Outcome measures were relapse/no relapse and time to first relapse. The influence of body mass index SDS was tested by survival analysis. Results: There was no evidence that body mass index SDS was related to clinical outcome (proportional hazards model, p = 0.72). Conclusions: The study results suggest that nutritional status at diagnosis, defined on the basis of the body mass index, at least in developed countries, has no effect on the prognosis in ALL, and it should not be considered as a prognostic factor.
Clinical and Operative Factors Related to Successful Revision Arthrodesis in the Foot and Ankle

Background: Arthrodesis is a common operative procedure used to manage arthritis and deformity in the foot and ankle. Nonunion is a possible and undesirable outcome in any arthrodesis surgery. Rates of nonunion in the foot and ankle literature range from 0% to 47% depending on the patient population and joint involved. Multiple factors can contribute to developing a nonunion including location, fixation method, tobacco use, diabetes, infection, and others. Methods: The case logs of 3 foot and ankle surgeons were reviewed from January 2007 to September 2014 to identify nonunion arthrodesis revision cases. The patient factors reviewed included diabetes, inflammatory arthropathy, tobacco use, history of infection, nonunion elsewhere, neuropathy, Charcot arthropathy, posttraumatic arthritis, and prior attempt at revision arthrodesis at the same site. Operative records were reviewed to identify location of the nonunion, instrumention, use of allograft or autograft bone, use of iliac crest bone marrow aspirate (ICBMA) and use of orthobiologics such as bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) during the revision arthrodesis. Successful revision was defined as radiographic union on the final radiograph during follow-up. Eighty-two cases of revision arthrodesis were identified with an average follow-up of 16 months. Results: The overall nonunion rate was 23%. Neuropathy and prior attempts at revision were identified as significant risks (P <.05) for persistent nonunion. Odds ratio calculated based on previous attempts at revision arthrodesis found a 2.8-fold increase in the risk of failure for each attempt at revision. Conclusion: Revision arthrodesis for nonunion in the foot and ankle was successful (77%) under a variety of patient and operative conditions. Neuropathy was a significant patient risk factor for persistent nonunions, and we believe it is important to identify even in the nondiabetic patient. As the number of attempts at revisions increases, there is a subsequent 3-fold increase in the risk of persistent nonunion. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series.
The Hagersville Tire Fire: Interpreting Risk through a Qualitative Research Design

This article outlines a research design used to study the effects of the Hagersville (Ontario, Canada) tire fire on the surrounding community. This was an "event driven" qualitative study that used open-ended interviews; given the nature of the fire and the surrounding community, this approach was deemed more appropriate than using a large-scale research instrument. Individuals and families in the community were anxious about their health due to the possibility of air, water, and soil contamination. Residents were forced to make life-style decisions based on perceptions of risk that were influenced by shared sociocultural conditions. The article describes a systematic approach for coming to terms with the way that individuals and families interpret and cope with risk. Preliminary findings are presented.
Symmetry of bone mineral density in the hips is not affected by age

SummaryTo assess the symmetry of bone mineral density (BMD) of the hips, we used dual photon absorptiometry (DPA) to asses BMD in 266 normal Chinese women in the bilateral femoral neck, trochanter and Ward's triangle regions. Linear regression analysis of the results showed excellent correlation between the hips. The correlation coefficients for the femoral neck, trochanter and Ward's triangle regions were 0.899, 0.892 and 0.935 respectively, and the standard errors of the estimate (S.E.E.) were 0.029, 0.027 and 0.022 g cm -2respectively. Pooling the BMD data of corresponding regions (n = 532), the correlation coefficient was 0.813 for femoral neck versus trochanter, 0.889 for femoral neck versus Ward's triangle, and 0.833 for trochanter versus Ward's triangle. Further analysis showed mean correlation coefficients of 0.854 for elderly subjects (age > 65 years, n = 51) and 0.887 for younger subjects (age < 65 years, n = 215). In conclusion, assessment of left or right hip BMD may be used to represent the BMD of the contralateral hip and can reduce both the cost and radiation exposure during mass screening for osteoporosis.
Child Labor and Education for All: An Issue Paper

Education is a key element in the prevention of child labor; at the same time, child labor is one of the main obstacles to Education For All (EFA). Understanding the interplay between education and child labor is therefore critical to achieving both EFA and child labor elimination goals. This study largely confirms the conventional wisdom that child labor harms children's ability to enter and survive in the school system, and makes it more difficult for children to derive educational benefit from schooling once in the system. The evidence also suggests that these negative effects are not limited to economic activity but also extend to household chores, and that the intensity of work (in economic activity or household chores) is particularly important in determining the impact of work on schooling. This evidence indicates that both the school quality and school access can play an important role in household decisions concerning whether children study or work.
Forming Bonds to Challenge Fears: Course of the Working Alliance during Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for Social Anxiety Disorder

Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is the 3rd most common psychiatric diagnosis, and is associated with significant social, occupational, health, and educational impairment. Fortunately, both pharmacological and psychological treatments can reduce symptoms. Cognitive behavioral therapy is considered the gold standard treatment for SAD, and a robust literature supports its effectiveness. In contrast, process related factors, including the role of the working alliance, have received less attention in treatment of SAD. The current study examined development of the working alliance for a SAD sample. The working alliance is characterized as the collaborative relationship between a client and therapist, and includes shared goals, strategies, and an attachment bond. Within the context of SAD, the working alliance is particularly interesting, as the alliance itself is a social relationship that may elicit anxiety, which, in turn, may impact development of the alliance. The present study also investigated whether treatment type, that is, exposure group therapy (EGT) versus virtual reality exposure (VRE) therapy, or pre-treatment symptom severity influenced the working alliance trajectory. Data were provided by an adult sample presenting with a primary diagnosis of SAD. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two treatment conditions, both involved use of a manualized CBT treatment approach. Standardized measures of social anxiety were administered pre-treatment whereas working alliance ratings were obtained after each session. Results indicated high levels of working alliance and significant change in ratings over time. Treatment condition did not contribute to significant differences in the working alliance trajectory. Regarding the impact of SAD symptoms, initially high ratings of fear was associated with progressively increasing rates of growth in the working alliance whereas high initial ratings of avoidance signified steeper increase in the working alliance earlier in treatment followed by a declining rate of change over time. The current study contributes to the limited literature regarding the working alliance trajectory for clients with SAD, and is the first to consider the impact of VRE treatment on this trajectory. Findings also provide preliminary evidence for the differential impact of initial fear and avoidance as well as a potential curvature for the working alliance trajectory when using CBT. INDEX WORDS: Social anxiety disorder, Working alliance, Virtual reality exposure therapy, Cognitive behavioral group therapy FORMING BONDS TO CHALLENGE FEARS: COURSE OF THE WORKING ALLIANCE DURING COGNITIVE BEHAVIORAL TREATMENT FOR SOCIAL ANXIETY DISORDER
High-Resolution DNA Melt Curve Analysis of the Clustered, Regularly Interspaced Short-Palindromic-Repeat Locus of Campylobacter jejuni

ABSTRACT A novel method for genotyping the clustered, regularly interspaced short-palindromic-repeat (CRISPR) locus of Campylobacter jejuni is described. Following real-time PCR, CRISPR products were subjected to high-resolution melt (HRM) analysis, a new technology that allows precise melt profile determination of amplicons. This investigation shows that the CRISPR HRM assay provides a powerful addition to existing C. jejuni genotyping methods and emphasizes the potential of HRM for genotyping short sequence repeats in other species.