Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measuring influence in the family decision making process using an observational method

Many consumer behaviour researchers have concluded that using self reports in the measurement of influence in family decision making may provide data which is not reflective of actual influence among family members. This suggests the need for different methods of obtaining influence data. This paper reports the development and preliminary application of an observed influence scale; a scale developed to measure actual influence using content analysis of videotaped family interactions. This observational method determines the relative influence of family members over three stages of the decision making process. The scale is tested on nuclear families with two adolescents, 89 from New Zealand and 24 from Singapore. The analysis indicates the scale has strong predictive and face validity.
Fc Receptor-Positive Cells in Remyelinating Multiple Sclerosis Lesions

The capacity for spontaneous remyelination in cases of multiple sclerosis (MS) is limited and lesions are not fully repaired. Recent evidence has shown that oligodendrocyte precursor cells and immature oligodendrocytes (OPC/iOligs) are preserved in MS lesions. Induced differentiation of these cells into myelinating cells may ultimately lead to a novel remyelination therapy. A previous study showed that the &ggr; chain of immunoglobulin Fc receptors (FcR&ggr;), expressed in OPC/iOligs, is essential for their differentiation. Whether FcR&ggr; is expressed in preserved OPC/iOligs within MS lesions, however, remains uncertain. In the present study, we examined 10 autopsy cases of MS for the expression of FcR&ggr; both in remyelinating areas and demyelinated plaques. The expression of FcR&ggr; was confirmed in both OPC/iOligs and microglia in MS lesions. Statistical analysis showed that the density of FcR&ggr;-positive OPC/iOligs was approximately 3 times greater in remyelinating areas compared with demyelinated plaques; the opposite was true of FcR&ggr;-positive microglia. The distribution of FcR&ggr;-negative OPC/iOligs did not differ between the 2 types of lesions. Thus, an increase in FcR&ggr;-positive OPC/iOligs and a decrease in FcR&ggr;-positive microglia, but not in FcR&ggr;-negative OPC/iOligs, are associated with spontaneous remyelination in MS brains, suggesting a possible role for FcR&ggr; in the induction of remyelination.
Effect of heat on cambial reactivation during winter dormancy in evergreen and deciduous conifers.

Responses of cambium to warming were recorded three times (December 14-27, 1990, January 18-February 3 and February 27-March 13, 1991) on 14-year-old Cryptomeria japonica D. Don and four times (December 12-26, 1990, January 18-February 2, February 26-March 12 and March 28-April 13, 1991) on 27-year-old Larix leptolepis Gord. , during a period of winter cambial dormancy. Stem surfaces at breast height, mid-tree height and the crown base were warmed to 25-30 degrees C for 2 weeks. After heat treatment, cambia in the treated regions and in untreated regions 1 m above each treated area were examined by optical and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In C. japonica, heat treatment often resulted in cambial reactivation in the treated regions, and this response to heat gradually increased as the dormant season passed from winter to spring. Conversely, in L. leptolepis, no cell division was observed in the cambial region of warmed stems until natural resumption of cambial activity, which occurred after bud break.
Accurate modeling and experimental validation of an injection-locked frequency divider

In recent years, as injection-locked frequency dividers (ILFD) have become more widely used, numerous papers have proposed contradictory models for the locking bandwidth of the dividers. This paper attempts to resolve this conflict through the creation of an accurate simplified model to predict the locking range of an IFLD. A simple novel method of enlarging the locking range is also presented. The results are verified experimentally.
Adiposity and tendinopathy

Purpose. Tendon injuries (tendinopathy) are prevalent across the population, affecting active and inactive individuals and manual workers. The aetiology of tendinopathy is not known. However, extrinsic factors such as load are known to affect the prevalence. More recently, intrinsic factors have been shown to also affect tendons; genes, biomechanics, and strength have been shown to influence tendon disease. One intrinsic factor that appears to have an association with tendinopathy is body composition; more specifically central adiposity. Several studies have reported this association, and several studies have found the association when reporting other aspects of tendinopathy. Method. This paper will detail what is known about the association between tendinopathy and body composition, examine the strength of the association by evaluating studies in the area and speculate on potential mechanisms for the association. Results. The association between tendon health and adiposity, especially central adiposity, warrants further investigation. Conclusion. There may be an interaction between adiposity and tendon pathology. Adiposity may be a key intrinsic risk factor that is translated into tendon disease in the presence of additional intrinsic (e.g., diabetes) and extrinsic factors (e.g., load).
Review on the History, Research, and Applications of Electrohydrodynamics

Corona discharge refers to the phenomenon when the electric field near a conductor is strong enough to ionize the dielectric surrounding it but not strong enough to cause an electrical breakdown or arcing between conductors or other components. This phenomenon is unwanted and dangerous in high-voltage systems; however, a controlled corona discharge may be used to ionize a fluid and induce motion by directly converting the electrical energy into kinetic energy. Phenomena that involve the direct conversion of electrical energy into kinetic energy are known as electrohydrodynamic (EHD) and have a variety of possible applications today. This paper contains a literature review of the research regarding the EHD effects associated with corona discharges, from the first observation of the phenomenon to the most recent advancements on its mathematical modeling, as well as the advancements on specific applications, such as thrust, heat transfer improvement, boundary layer enhancement, drying, fluid pumping, and cooling.
Teaching Critical Thinking: Eight Easy Ways to Fail before You Begin.

IN SOLVING problems, there are usually more ways to fail than to succeed. The problem of teaching critical thinking is no exception. When we think of the problems that arise in teaching critical thinking, we usually think of the problems that confront us once we actually embark on our expedition. But in talking about the teaching of critical thinking to audi ences of teachers and administrators across the United States, I have come to the conclusion that many programs are doomed to failure before they even be gin. When these programs fail, it is not because of what is done in the class room, but because of what is done be fore the program ever reaches the class room. Some of our ideas about teaching and learning no matter how well they may apply in the normal course of class room events do not apply in the case of instruction in critical thinking. The following eight fallacies obstruct the teaching of critical thinking before we even begin and make it easy to fail. The effects of these fallacies on the teaching of critical thinking are both in sidious and pernicious. 1. The teacher is the teacher and the student is the learner. Normally, ROBERT J. STERNBERG is IBM Profes sor of Psychology and Education at Yale University, New Haven, Conn. The prepara tion of this article was supported by grants from the Office of Naval Research (Con tract No. N0001485K0589) and the Army Research Institute (Contract No. MDA 90385K0305).
Evolved patterns and rates of water loss and ion regulation in laboratory-selected populations of Drosophila melanogaster

SUMMARY We have investigated water loss from, and ion regulation within, the hemolymph and tissues of five replicate populations of Drosophila melanogaster that have undergone laboratory selection for enhanced desiccation resistance (i.e. the D populations). We compared the patterns and rates of water loss and the ion content of the D populations prior to and during desiccation with those of five replicate control (C) populations. The net rate of water loss in the C flies was ∼3-fold greater than that of the D flies during the initial hours of desiccation. After 8 h, both C and D flies had considerable reductions in water loss rate. During 24 h of desiccation, the tissue water content of the D flies was conserved, while the C flies were faced with significant loss of tissue water during the initial 8 h of desiccation. We propose that the increased hemolymph volume of the D flies plays a role in buffering water loss from the tissues. One consequence of this large hemolymph pool is that the hydrated D flies contained approximately seven times more sodium within the hemolymph than did the hydrated C flies. Despite a continual loss of hemolymph volume in the D flies during lengthy periods of desiccation, the sodium content of the hemolymph was significantly reduced only during a single event. We provide evidence that the regulation of extracellular sodium, as well as chloride, occurred via excretory processes during desiccation. In addition, whole-body potassium was not significantly decreased in the D flies during desiccation but was reduced (i.e. excreted) in the C flies; hence, we suggest that the potassium content paralleled tissue water level.
WaveTrace: Motion Matching Input using Wrist-Worn Motion Sensors

We present WaveTrace, a novel interaction technique based on selection by motion matching. In motion matching systems, targets move continuously in a singular and pre-defined path -- users interact with these by performing a synchronous bodily movement that matches the movement of one of the targets. Unlike previous work which tracks user input through optical systems, WaveTrace is arguably the first motion matching technique to rely on motion data from inertial measurement units readily available in many wrist-worn wearable devices such as smart watches. To evaluate the technique, we conducted a user study in which we varied: hand; degrees of visual angle; target speed; and number of concurrent targets. Preliminary results indicate that the technique supports up to eight concurrent targets; and that participants could select targets moving at speeds between 180 and 270/s (mean acquisition time of 2237ms, and average success rate of 91%).
Trajectories of sleep and cardiac sympathetic activity indexed by pre‐ejection period in childhood

Fragmented and insufficient sleep has been implicated in disrupted autonomic nervous system activity during resting state conditions in typically developing children. Towards explication of these relations over development, the current study tested reciprocal relations between the development of sleep parameters (efficiency, duration, latency) and cardiac sympathetic nervous system (SNS) activity indexed by pre‐ejection period (PEP) during waking–resting state conditions throughout middle and late childhood. Whether sleep derives changes in PEP or vice versa was examined. A longitudinal design was employed and latent growth modelling was used to examine the research questions. During the first assessment, 282 children aged 9.44 years (65% European American, 35% African American) participated. Two more assessments followed, with a 1‐year lag between consecutive study waves. Sleep was examined with 7 nights of actigraphy in the child's home. Controlling for many potential confounds (sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index and family socioeconomic status), higher sleep efficiency and more sleep minutes predicted increases in PEP (less SNS activity) over 3 years. PEP did not predict changes in sleep efficiency or duration over time and there were no significant effects for sleep latency. Findings highlight the probable direction of effects between these two key bioregulatory systems. High levels of cardiac SNS activity are associated with many negative health outcomes, and thus these findings may have important implications.
Impact of Male Takeover on Intra-Unit Sexual Interactions and Subsequent Interbirth Interval in Wild Rhinopithecus roxellana

Data were collected on sexual interactions before and after a male takeover of a one-male unit (OMU) of Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) in the Qinling Mountains, China. The original unit consisted of an adult male, 2 adult and 2 subadult females, 2 female juveniles and a single infant. Following the takeover, the new resident male copulated with 1 adult female, which was not lactating. Subsequent to the disappearance of her infant, the second (lactating female) entered breeding condition and began to solicit copulation with the new resident male. The subadult females also engaged in matings with the new male. The new resident male was observed mating, on 3 occasions, with females in 2 other OMUs. These are the first observations of sexual behaviour in free-ranging Sichuan snub-nosed monkeys after an OMU takeover. Sexual interactions play an important role in establishing relationships between the new male and resident females in the OMU.
Association of socio-economic, gender and health factors with common mental disorders in women: a population-based study of 5703 married rural women in India

Background There are few population-based studies from low- and middle-income countries that have described the association of socio-economic, gender and health factors with common mental disorders (CMDs) in rural women. Methods Population-based study of currently married rural women in the age group of 15–39 years. The baseline data are from the National Family Health Survey-II conducted in 1998. A follow-up study was conducted 4 years later in 2002–03. The outcome of CMD was assessed using the 12-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12). Due to the hierarchical nature and complex survey design, data were analysed using mixed-effect logistic regression with random intercept model. Results A total of 5703 women (representing 83.5% of eligible women) completed follow-up. The outcome of CMD was observed in 609 women (10.7%, 95% confidence interval 9.8–11.6). The following factors were independently associated with the outcome of CMD in the final multivariable model: higher age, low education, low standard of living, recent intimate partner violence (IPV), husband’s unsatisfactory reaction to dowry, husband’s alcohol use and women’s own tobacco use. Conclusions Socio-economic and gender disadvantage factors are independently associated with CMDs in this population of women. Strategies that address structural determinants, for example to promote women’s education and reduce their exposure to IPV, may reduce the burden of CMDs in women.
On sampling the wisdom of crowds: random vs. expert sampling of the twitter stream

Several applications today rely upon content streams crowd-sourced from online social networks. Since real-time processing of large amounts of data generated on these sites is difficult, analytics companies and researchers are increasingly resorting to sampling. In this paper, we investigate the crucial question of how to sample the data generated by users in social networks. The traditional method is to randomly sample all the data. We analyze a different sampling methodology, where content is gathered only from a relatively small subset (< 1%) of the user population namely, the expert users. Over the duration of a month, we gathered tweets from over 500,000 Twitter users who are identified as experts on a diverse set of topics, and compared the resulting expert-sampled tweets with the 1% randomly sampled tweets provided publicly by Twitter. We compared the sampled datasets along several dimensions, including the diversity, timeliness, and trustworthiness of the information contained within them, and find important differences between the datasets. Our observations have major implications for applications such as topical search, trustworthy content recommendations, and breaking news detection.
TonEBP/NFAT5 regulates ACTBL2 expression in biomechanically activated vascular smooth muscle cells

Cytoskeletal reorganization and migration are critical responses which enable vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) cells to evade, compensate, or adapt to alterations in biomechanical stress. An increase in wall stress or biomechanical stretch as it is elicited by arterial hypertension promotes their reorganization in the vessel wall which may lead to arterial stiffening and contractile dysfunction. This adaptive remodeling process is dependent on and driven by subtle phenotype changes including those controlling the cytoskeletal architecture and motility of VSMCs. Recently, it has been reported that the transcription factor nuclear factor of activated T-cells 5 (TonEBP/NFAT5) controls critical aspects of the VSMC phenotype and is activated by biomechanical stretch. We therefore hypothesized that NFAT5 controls the expression of gene products orchestrating cytoskeletal reorganization in stretch-stimulated VSMCs. Automated immunofluorescence and Western blot analyses revealed that biomechanical stretch enhances the expression and nuclear translocation of NFAT5 in VSMCs. Subsequent in silico analyses suggested that this transcription factor binds to the promotor region of ACTBL2 encoding kappa-actin which was shown to be abundantly expressed in VSMCs upon exposure to biomechanical stretch. Furthermore, ACTBL2 expression was inhibited in these cells upon siRNA-mediated knockdown of NFAT5. Kappa-actin appeared to be aligned with stress fibers under static culture conditions, dispersed in lamellipodia and supported VSMC migration as its knockdown diminishes lateral migration of these cells. In summary, our findings delineated biomechanical stretch as a determinant of NFAT5 expression and nuclear translocation controlling the expression of the cytoskeletal protein ACTBL2. This response may orchestrate the migratory activity of VSMCs and thus promote maladaptive rearrangement of the arterial vessel wall during hypertension.
Behavior Analysis for Effective Teaching

CONTENTS Preface AcknowledgmentsTo the Instructor PART I SCIENCE AND THE ART OF TEACHING Chapter 1 Adding Science to the Art of Teaching Chapter 2 Finding the "Causes" of Behavior in Functional Relations Chapter 3 How We Learn PART II PLANNING FOR IMPROVEMENT Chapter 4 Setting Goals to Improve Achievement Chapter 5 Improving Sensitivity to Progress: Recording Methods Chapter 6 Making Progress Visible: Charting and Graphing Chapter 7 The Teacher as Researcher PART III DESIGNING INSTRUCTION Chapter 8 Shaping Behavior: The Role of Postcedents Chapter 9 Teaching Concepts and Understanding: The Role of Antecedents Chapter 10 Verbal Behavior: Teaching Language Skills PART IV ETHICAL PRACTICES AND ULTIMATE GOALS Chapter 11 Punishment and Why to Avoid It Chapter 12 Beyond Testing: Reaching the Ultimate Goals of Education
Reliability of Serum Ferritin Determinations after Total Dose Infusion of Iron Dextran in Pregnancy

Serum ferritin, serum iron, total iron binding capacity, and haemoglobin levels were measured in a group of 36 pregnant women before, one week after, and four weeks after a total dose infusion of iron dextran (T.D.I.). The serum ferritin level is considered to provide a reliable index of maternal iron stores one month, but not one week, after TDI.
An overview of DC cable modelling for fault analysis of VSC-HVDC transmission systems

This paper analyzes dc cable transient modelling issues for voltage source converter (VSC) based high voltage direct current (HVDC) transmission systems, as proposed for large-scale renewable power integration, for example, offshore wind farms. Detailed dc cable models with different degrees of accuracy are analyzed for utilization in the analysis and simulations of dc fault conditions. This fault study is helpful for the protection system design of large-scale renewable energy power systems to realize a reliable dc transmission system for the future.
Consultation and Reliability of Information Sources Pertaining to University Selection: Some Questions Answered?.

Purpose – This paper aims to explore the information sources used by school leavers when selecting a university at which they wish to study and the perceived reliability of these sources of information.Design/methodology/approach – Using data from 306 pupils studying at various schools in England, Scotland and Northern Ireland it was revealed that applicants utilise mostly communication originating from the university itself, including the university prospectus and open days, and, they also classify such sources of information as being the most reliable.Findings – There are some differences in the perception of the various groups under investigation; for example, potential female applicants perceive most information sources to have greater credibility than their male counterparts believe. In addition, higher performers make more use of the available information sources and also place more value on their worth.Research limitations/implications – This study set out to explore aspects of student university s.
Scaling laws in decaying helical hydromagnetic turbulence

We study the evolution of growth and decay laws for the magnetic field coherence length xi, energy E_M and magnetic helicity H in freely decaying 3D MHD turbulence. We show that with certain assumptions, self-similarity of the magnetic power spectrum alone implies that xi~t^{1/2}. This in turn implies that magnetic helicity decays as H~t^{-2s}, where s=(xi_{diff}/xi_H)^2, in terms of xi_{diff}, the diffusion length scale, and xi_H, a length scale defined from the helicity power spectrum. The relative magnetic helicity remains constant, implying that the magnetic energy decays as E_M~t^{-1/2-2s}. The parameter s is inversely proportional to the magnetic Reynolds number Re_M, which is constant in the self-similar regime.
PENGARUH LEVERAGE, PROFITABILITAS, LIKUIDITAS, KEBIJAKAN DIVIDEN, UKURAN PERUSAHAAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP NILAI PERUSAHAAN

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh leverage, profitabilitas, likuiditas, kebijakan dividen, ukuran perusahaan, dan pertumbuhan perusahaan terhadap nilai perusahaan. Populasi yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 5 perusahaan dengan market capitalization terbesar pada masing-masing industri yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia selama tahun 2009-2011. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data sekunder dan pemilihan sampel dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Terdapat 57 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria sebagai sampel penelitian. Metode analisis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) leverage tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. (2) Profitabilitas berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. (3) Likuiditas tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. (4) Kebijakan dividen berpengaruh positif signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan. (5) Ukuran perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. (6) Pertumbuhan perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. Seluruh variabel independen secara bersama-sama berpengaruh signifikan terhadap nilai perusahaan Kata Kunci: Nilai Perusahaan, Leverage, Profitabilitas, Likuiditas, Kebijakan Dividen, Ukuran Perusahaan, Pertumbuhan Perusahaan. 1 Mahasiswa Universitas Bakrie, Jurusan Akuntansi