Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genome-Wide Reprogramming of Primary and Secondary Metabolism, Protein Synthesis, Cellular Growth Processes, and the Regulatory Infrastructure of Arabidopsis in Response to Nitrogen1[w]

Transcriptome analysis, using Affymetrix ATH1 arrays and a real-time reverse transcription-PCR platform for >1,400 transcription factors, was performed to identify processes affected by long-term nitrogen-deprivation or short-term nitrate nutrition in Arabidopsis. Two days of nitrogen deprivation led to coordinate repression of the majority of the genes assigned to photosynthesis, chlorophyll synthesis, plastid protein synthesis, induction of many genes for secondary metabolism, and reprogramming of mitochondrial electron transport. Nitrate readdition led to rapid, widespread, and coordinated changes. Multiple genes for the uptake and reduction of nitrate, the generation of reducing equivalents, and organic acid skeletons were induced within 30 min, before primary metabolites changed significantly. By 3 h, most genes assigned to amino acid and nucleotide biosynthesis and scavenging were induced, while most genes assigned to amino acid and nucleotide breakdown were repressed. There was coordinate induction of many genes assigned to RNA synthesis and processing and most of the genes assigned to amino acid activation and protein synthesis. Although amino acids involved in central metabolism increased, minor amino acids decreased, providing independent evidence for the activation of protein synthesis. Specific genes encoding expansin and tonoplast intrinsic proteins were induced, indicating activation of cell expansion and growth in response to nitrate nutrition. There were rapid responses in the expression of many genes potentially involved in regulation, including genes for trehalose metabolism and hormone metabolism, protein kinases and phosphatases, receptor kinases, and transcription factors.
Adjuvant CYVADIC chemotherapy for adult soft tissue sarcoma--reduced local recurrence but no improvement in survival: a study of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Soft Tissue and Bone Sarcoma Group.

PURPOSE To evaluate the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy in adult patients with soft tissue sarcomas. The principal end points were freedom from local recurrence and/or metastases and overall survival. PATIENTS AND METHODS Between January 1977 and June 1988, 468 patients entered this randomized study and 317 were considered eligible. Following complete surgical resection with or without radiotherapy, outcome in 145 eligible patients receiving cyclophosphamide 500 mg/m2 intravenously (IV) bolus on day 1, vincristine 1.4 mg/m2 IV bolus on day 1, doxorubicin (Adriamycin; Adria Laboratories, Columbus, OH) 50 mg/m2 IV bolus on day 1, and dacarbazine (DTIC) 400 mg/m2 by 1-hour infusion on days 1 to 3 (CYVADIC) cycles repeated every 28 days for eight courses was compared with that in 172 control patients. RESULTS With a median follow-up duration of 80 months (range, 39 to 165), actuarial percentage survival figures at 7 years were compared. Relapse-free survival rates were higher for CYVADIC, 56% versus 43% (P = .007), and local recurrence was significantly reduced in the CYVADIC arm at 17% versus 31% (P = .004). In contrast, distant metastases occurred with similar frequency in both arms, 32% for CYVADIC versus 36% for control patients (P = .42), and overall survival rates were not significantly different at 63% versus 56% (P = .64). A reduction in local recurrence was only apparent in the group of head, neck, and trunk sarcomas (P = .002), but not in limb tumors (P = .31). CONCLUSION Adjuvant chemotherapy with CYVADIC cannot be recommended outside the context of a clinical trial. Experience from this study has been used to plan a trial of neoadjuvant chemotherapy with doxorubicin/ifosfamide, which is currently in progress.
Whole-Body Reaching as a Measure of Dynamic Balance in Patients with Stroke

Chern JS, Yang S, Wu CY: Whole-body reaching as a measure of dynamic balance in patients with stroke. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2006;85:201–208. Objectives:To investigate whether whole-body reaching (WBR) could be a task with adequate and gradable dynamic balance challenges for stroke patients. Design:A total of 23 subjects with hemiplegia, after their first stroke, participated in this study. The degree of dynamic balance challenges of WBR was graded by varying the distance to the targets that the subjects had to reach. A foot-pressure measurement system was used to measure the amount of center-of-pressure shift during performance of WBR and sit-to-stand transfer. The Berg Balance Scale (BBS) was administered, and the BBS total score was calculated. Static and dynamic BBS subscores were separately calculated to further understanding of the subject performance regarding balance. Paired t tests were used to examine the effects of target distance on center-of-pressure shift. Correlations between measures of center-of-pressure shift during performance of WBR and of sit-to-stand transfer, BBS total score, BBS static subscores, and BBS dynamic subscores and measures of center-of-pressure shift during performance of sit-to-stand transfer were analyzed. Results:Significant effects of distance on three of the variables representing amount of center-of-pressure shift were found (P < 0.05). The correlations between WBR and sit-to-stand transfer were positive and moderate. The correlations between WBR and sit-to-stand transfer were stronger when the subjects were reaching for a closer target than when reaching for a farther target. The correlations between WBR and BBS total score were weak to moderate; the correlations between WBR and three scores of the BBS across target distance were inconsistent; and the correlations were higher when the subjects were reaching for a farther target than when reaching for a closer target. Conclusions:WBR for targets at different distances imposed graded dynamic balance challenges on stroke patients and might be an appropriate dynamic balance measure. However, WBR, as applied in this study, showed limitations in measuring the lateral dynamic stability of stroke patients.
Effects of Motivation, ACT/SAT, GPA, and SES on College Choice for Academically Advanced Students and Other Students

The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in the effects of motivation factors on college choice between academically advanced students and other students. College choice ranged from no college, two-year college, four-year college, moderately selective four-year college, and highly selective four-year college. Restricted data from the nationally representative Education Longitudinal Study (ELS) of 2002 were used for the analysis. Using the ELS questions, 8 motivation constructs (general intrinsic motivation, math intrinsic motivation, reading Intrinsic motivation, extrinsic motivation, general academic self-efficacy, math self-efficacy, English self-efficacy, and educational expectation) were developed. Structural equation modeling was used to investigate the direct and indirect effects of the factors on college choice. The results indicated that although ACT/SAT scores, followed by GPA, are the most important factors for both academically advanced students’ and other students’ choices of more selective colleges, their choices are mediated by their intrinsic reading motivation and math self-efficacy. Compared to other students’, academically advanced students’ extrinsic motivation more negatively affected, while Socio Economic Status (SES) less negatively affected, their choices of more selective colleges. Other students’ high general academic self-efficacy and educational expectations positively affected their ACT/SAT scores, GPA, and choices of more selective colleges, which did not affect academically advanced students.
Shaping Mexico's Electoral Arena: The Construction of Partisan Cleavages in the 1988 and 1991 National Elections

In the 1988 and 1991 national elections, Mexican voters asked themselves above all whether they continued to support the long-ruling official party. Voter behavior was not well explained by attachments to social cleavages, attitudes on policy issues, or general assessments about the present circumstances and the prospects for the nation's economy or personal finances. In both elections, moreover, the parties of the Left failed to mobilize voters that had chosen to abstain in past elections. Once voters were ready to oppose the ruling party, however, differences by issue, prospective economic assessments, and social cleavages shaped their choice between the opposition parties.
Subsets of salivary duct carcinoma defined by morphologic evidence of pleomorphic adenoma, PLAG1 or HMGA2 rearrangements, and common genetic alterations

The authors hypothesized that histogenetic classification of salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) could account for de novo tumors and those with morphologic or molecular evidence (pleomorphic adenoma gene 1 [PLAG1], high‐mobility group AT hook 2 [HMGA2] rearrangement, amplification) of pleomorphic adenoma (PA).
Performance evaluation of local state estimation methods in bearings-only tracking problems

The paper deals with a performance analysis of several local filters within three bearing-only tracking scenarios. Performance of the extended Kalman filter, unscented Kalman filter, unscented Kalman filter with adaptive scaling parameter, which represent generic filters, and the shifted Rayleigh filter, which is designed solely for the bearing-only tracking problem, is compared using the root mean square error, averaged normalized estimation error squared and non-credibility index. The simulations show that the unscented Kalman filter with adaptive scaling parameter achieves similar or even better performance than the shifted Rayleigh filter.
Direct Importance Estimation with Model Selection and Its Application to Covariate Shift Adaptation

A situation where training and test samples follow different input distributions is called covariate shift. Under covariate shift, standard learning methods such as maximum likelihood estimation are no longer consistent—weighted variants according to the ratio of test and training input densities are consistent. Therefore, accurately estimating the density ratio, called the importance, is one of the key issues in covariate shift adaptation. A naive approach to this task is to first estimate training and test input densities separately and then estimate the importance by taking the ratio of the estimated densities. However, this naive approach tends to perform poorly since density estimation is a hard task particularly in high dimensional cases. In this paper, we propose a direct importance estimation method that does not involve density estimation. Our method is equipped with a natural cross validation procedure and hence tuning parameters such as the kernel width can be objectively optimized. Simulations illustrate the usefulness of our approach.
Entrepreneurial learning: a process of co‐participation

Applying social concepts to the social relations that the entrepreneur maintains, this research seeks to identify the impact of these relationships, and the learning that might result from them, on the decision‐making process. A social and conversational model of experiential learning is put forward, where learning and influence are seen to emerge as part of an ongoing negotiated process. This argument complements Kolb's “fundamentally cognitive” theory of experiential learning, by challenging the view that the learner should be viewed as an “intellectual Robinson Crusoe”, and stating that even when an individual reflects and theorises their thoughts have a social character. Data were collected using critical incident technique through one‐to‐one in‐depth interviews over several weeks. The paper goes some way to confirm the importance of networks in the business development process, helping further to define how networks exist. The learning identified, is understood therefore as part of an ongoing negotiated process within a complex network of domestic, voluntary, commercial and professional relations.
Entrepreneurial Team Cognition: A Review

Entrepreneurial team scholars highlight the importance of studying entrepreneurial team cognition in gaining a better understanding of why some entrepreneurial teams are capable of developing teamwork leading to successful entrepreneurial outcomes while others are not. However, in the absence of a clear definition of entrepreneurial team cognition, researchers continue to employ a vast diversity of potentially related concepts. To bring clarity to this fragmented area of research, the authors performed a systematic literature review of papers concerned with entrepreneurial team cognition published in the leading management and entrepreneurship journals over the past 20 years. This review was guided by two main research questions: (a) what is entrepreneurial team cognition, and (b) how does entrepreneurial team cognition interact with inputs, processes and outcomes. Based on the published literature, key properties of the concept are identified, and an overarching definition of entrepreneurial team cognition composed of these properties is introduced. Next, the review outlines how entrepreneurial team cognition interacts with other variables within a comprehensive input-mediator-output framework. Finally, the review addresses how future research can build on the proposed definition and framework to advance the theoretical depth and empirical investigation of entrepreneurial team cognition.
Prolactin response to zotepine in schizophrenic patients

The prolactin response to an antipsychotic drug zotepine, which has both antidopaminergic and antiserotonergic effects, was studied in 24 inpatients suffering from schizophrenia. The daily dose was 100 mg in the first week, and 200 mg for the next three weeks. The mean serum concentrations of prolactin at the daily dose of 200 mg, but not 100 mg, were significantly higher than that before treatment. The δ prolactin (the change from the pretreatment concentration) was significantly correlated with zotepine concentrations at each week. At low zotepine concentrations, patients with high pre‐treatment prolactin concentrations showed negative δ prolactin. The present study thus suggests that at high concentrations zotepine shows predominantly antidopaminergic effects, while at low concentrations its antiserotonergic effects are predominant and/or it acts as a dopamine agonist.
The Impact of SOA for Achieving Healthcare Interoperability

Summary Objectives: The evaluation of a service-oriented prototype implementation for healthcare interoperability. Methods: A prototype framework was developed, aiming to exploit the use of service-oriented architecture (SOA) concepts for achieving healthcare interoperability and to move towards a virtual patient record (VPR) paradigm. The prototype implementation was evaluated for its hypothetical adoption. The evaluation strategy was based on the initial proposition of the DeLone and McLean model of information systems (IS) success [1], as modeled by Iivari [2]. A set of SOA and VPR characteristics were empirically encapsulated within the dimensions of IS success model, combined with measures from previous research works. The data gathered was analyzed using partial least squares (PLS). Results: The results highlighted that system quality is a partial predictor of system use but not of user satisfaction. On the contrary, information quality proved to be a significant predictor of user satisfaction and partially a strong significant predictor of system use. Moreover, system use did not prove to be a significant predictor of individual impact whereas the bi-directional relation between use and user satisfaction did not confirm. Additionally, user satisfaction was found to be a strong significant predictor of individual impact. Finally, individual impact proved to be a strong significant predictor of organizational impact. Conclusions: The empirical study attempted to obtain hypothetical, but still useful beliefs and perceptions regarding the SOA prototype implementation. The deduced observations can form the basis for further investigation regarding the adaptability of SOA implementations with VPR characteristics in the health-care domain.
Differential Context Effects in the Comprehension of Abstract and Concrete Verbal Materials

Three experiments were performed to test contrasting predictions of a dual-representation theory and a context availability model of concreteness effects in verbal processing. In one experiment, abstract and concrete sentences were presented with and without a paragraph context. Without context, subjects took longer to read abstract sentences than concrete sentences. With context, the reading times did not differ. A similar result was observed in a second experiment in which lexical decision times were measured for abstract and concrete words. In the absence of context, lexical decision times for abstract words were longer than for concrete words. With a sentence context, however, the lexical decision times for these two word types were equivalent. A subsequent rating experiment indicated that rated context availability was a good predictor of reaction time in both experiments. The results were discussed as providing support for the context availability model.
Assessment of Mothers’ Needs for their Infants who have Cleft Lip and/or Palate

Background: Parents of babies born with clefts have many questions and concerns, including basic information regarding care especially feeding. Aim: the study aimed to assess mothers’ needs for their infants who have cleft lip and/or palate. Methods: descriptive exploratory design was adopted in the current study, Sample: convenience sample of 50 mothers having infants with cleft lip and/or palate, Tools of data collection: Two tools were utilized for data collection; structured questionnaire sheet and infant physical and psychological needs assessment form. Results: slightly less than three quarter and about two third of the mothers were unaware how to prevent their infants from getting pneumonia and otitis media respectively. Slightly more than one quarter and more than one fifth of the mothers were unaware and do nothing to prevent complications of weight loss. In addition; more than one fifth and slightly more than one quarter of the mothers were not achieving satisfaction of warmth, comfort and sucking pleasure needs to their infants respectively. Conclusion: The study concluded that the main eminent needs of some of infants' mothers were inability to deal with their infants' health problems arise during care of their infants with orofacial defects and also some mothers did not satisfy the basic developmental needs of their infants. Recommendation: Developmental needs and health problems of infants with cleft lip and/or palate should be taken into considerations in planning for infants' care and an educational program should be designed and implemented for those infants' mothers. Further studies using large sample size are needed to generalize the study results.
Autonomy or Control? Organizational Architecture and Corporate Attention to Stakeholders

Existing explanations of corporate attention to stakeholders overlook how organizations distribute the attention of their members. Combining interview and survey data at two levels of analysis, we show that executives' assumptions about how best to configure their organizations have important implications for how their firms attend to stakeholders. We identify two types of organizational architecture: guided autonomy and cascaded control. The former enables specialized attention at the level of the individual manager and facilitates simultaneous attention to a large number of stakeholders; the latter restricts the autonomy of individual managers and leads to redundancy in attention. Our contribution is a framework that takes account of top manager frames and organizational architecture to articulate the relationship between individual-and organizational-level attention and to explain why some firms can address the concerns of multiple stakeholders simultaneously.
Metabolic changes.

Since the 1980’s when obesity became prevalent, “yo-yo dieting”, or weight cycling, has emerged. Weight cycling involves losses and gains in weight, which can either be intentional, such as through dieting then subsequent regain of lost weight, or unintentional, as through chronic disease states. Studies have yet to determine the health effects of such weight losses and regains. Weight cycling is difficult to study, as studies are mostly retrospective and rely on patients’ recall of weight changes. There are also no consistent outcome measures or definitions of weight cycling, so quantifying its prevalence is difficult. In the Nurses’ Health Study (> 45,000 women), 1.4% of the subjects were classified as severe weight cyclers (loss of 20+ lbs. three or more times during the four year study) and 18.9% were moderate cyclers (loss of 10+ lbs. three or more times)(1). Most studies have been conducted on overweight, mildly, or moderately obese individuals. Few are conducted on the morbidly obese. Likewise, there are few studies on the effects of weight cycling in never-before overweight individuals who do not need to lose weight. This review will examine the recent literature on weight cycling in different groups and determine whether detrimental health effects exist. If so, then losing weight could have serious consequences as a treatment option for the obese, many of whom regain the weight they lose and weight cycle. It could also have health implications for normal weight individuals who weight cycle for their profession (actors) or for athletics (wrestlers, boxers).