Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical importance of femoral and tibial tunnel localizations in arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of femoral and tibial tunnel localizations on knee functions after arthroscopic single bundle anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and to contribute to the definition of the ideal tunnel localizations for the best results. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty knees of 30 patients (29 males, 1 female; mean age 28.4 years; range 20 to 43 years) who underwent hamstring autograft reconstruction with the transfemoral fixation technique due to isolated complete rupture of the ACL were retrospectively evaluated. All of the operations were performed by the same surgeons and in the same institution. Tunnel localizations were defined according to the Harner Quadrant method in the post operative period. Mean follow-up period was 19.6 months and postoperative Lysholm knee scores and joint range of motion values were noted. The correlation between tunnel parameters and the scores were statistically evaluated. RESULTS When all parameters were considered it was found out that the tunnel localizations in the sagittal tibial plane solely and independently had a significant effect on knee functions. CONCLUSION It was concluded that especially the tibial tunnel located sagittally in the anterior second half of the plateau improves the knee functional scores after ACL reconstruction.
A pilot, open study on the treatment of refractory schizophrenia with risperidone and clozapine

The aim of this report is to show the results of a pilot, open label treatment programme for resistant schizophrenics in which risperidone was used before clozapine. Thirteen DSM III R, drug resistant schizophrenics were treated with risperidone p.o. at doses up to 16 mg/day for three months. Clinical assessment was performed before and after 1, 2 and 3 months of treatment by means of the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS) and of the Scales for the Assessment of Positive and Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia. Non‐responders to risperidone were then treated with clozapine (up to 600 mg/day) for the next month.
Lipodystrophy: The Metabolic Link of HIV Infection with Insulin-Resistance Syndrome

Human lipodystrophies are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by generalized or partial fat loss. If localized, they are often associated with fat hypertrophy in other depots, varying according to the type of lipodystrophy. Lipodystrophies can be genetic, which is usually uncommon, or acquired. Genetic lipodystrophy is generally related to severe meta‐ bolic alterations including insulin resistance (IR) and its associated complications, such as glucose intolerance and diabetes, dyslipidemia, hepatic steatosis, polycystic ovaries, acan‐ thosis nigricans and early cardiovascular (CV) complications [1, 2]. The autosomal recessive congenital generalized lipodystrophy (CGL) and autosomal dominant familiar partial lipo‐ dystrophy (FPL) are the two most common types of genetic lipodystrophy [2]. Lipodystro‐ phies have been reported in the medical literature for more than 100 years [2, 3]. However, only 13 years ago, new lipodystrophy syndromes were recognized, being associated with vi‐ ral infection, specifically with the human immunodeficiency virus, in patients treated with combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) [4]. This has become the most frequent form of lipo‐ dystrophy [2]. Some first-generation antiretroviral drugs used in HIV patients are strongly related with peripheral lipoatrophy and metabolic alterations [1].
The Effects of Practice on Tracking and Subjective Workload

Six college-age male subjects performed one hundred, two-minute trials on a second-order tracking task. After each trial, subjects estimated perceived workload using both the NASA TLX and SWAT workload assessment procedures. Results confirmed an expected performance improvement on the tracking task which followed traditional learning curves within the performance of each individual. Perceived workload also decreased for both scales across trials. While performance variability significantly decreased across trials, workload variability remained constant. One month later, the same subjects returned to complete the second experiment in the sequence which was a retention replication of the first experiment. Results replicated those for the first experiment except that both performance error and workload were at reduced overall levels. Results in general affirm a parallel workload reduction with performance improvement, an observation consistent with a resource-based view of automaticity.
Time of delirium onset and prognosis amongst Southern Brazilian hospitalized elderly patients

The prognostic significance of delirium in hospitalized elderly has not yet been fully clarified. Objectives The present study was designed to evaluate the relationship between prevalent delirium (PrD), incident delirium (InD) and final outcome. Methods A historical cohort of 261 patients was selected. delirium was diagnosed using the Confusion Assessment Method. Results The total frequency of delirium detected was 42.5%-31.4% PrD and 16.2% InD. Among patients with InD, the average length of hospital stay was 9.1 days longer than for patients without delirium (p=0.002), and the hospital mortality associated with InD was 48% versus 2.7% for those without delirium (p< 0.001). However, no difference was observed between patients with PrD and those without delirium. Conclusions These results suggest that, when investigating delirium and prognosis amongst hospitalized elderly, it is fundamental to differentiate in terms of time of onset. Furthermore, the absence of delirium seems to be an important protective factor.
Correcting the Record: Understanding the History of Federal Intervention and Failure in Securing U.S. Educational Reform

The authors show here that contrary to popular rhetoric, at an early stage the American federal government demonstrated remarkable influence over national education policy. This occurred in spite of the fact that the political institutions of the national government were fragmented and poorly organized to accomplish such goals. In this light, the authors' focus is on how late-19th-century developments set the tone and impediments for meaningful educational reform that carry over through today. The historical development of American education detailed here traces the roots of the ongoing policy tug-of-war between localism and national progressive goals that characterize contemporary reform efforts. Ironically, it is its early roots as the premier educational resource provider that has ultimately contributed to the greatly diminished role of the U.S. federal government in education today. This is a legacy that policy makers, parents, and educators are wise to understand but often neglect as they craft reform.
‘Just Bloody Fat!’: A Qualitative Study of Body Image, Self-Esteem and Coping in Obese Adults

The rise of the ‘obesity epidemic’ in Western societies has led to an increased public gaze on obese individuals. Yet there is limited research that explores through qualitative methods the increased impact it has had on obese individuals’ perceptions of self, body image and coping strategies, using their own words. This paper presents the findings of interviews with a community sample of 142 obese adults in Australia. We examined how obese individuals felt about themselves and their bodies, what influenced these feelings, and the subsequent coping strategies employed. While participants were able to identify many positive characteristics about their inner self, the vast majority used negative language to describe their physical appearance. Many participants described feelings of ‘guilt’, ‘shame’ and ‘blame’ associated with their weight. Coping strategies included striving for perfection in other areas of their life, social isolation, maximising aspects of their appearance and ‘fat’ acceptance. This study shows that, while different groups of obese adults experience, cope with and compensate for the influence of weight-based stereotyping in many different ways, they still feel an unrelenting otherness and difference associated with their weight.
METAPHOR TRANSLATION IN SUBTITLING

The paper aims to shed light on how subtitlers cope with metaphor translation. The paper presents the results of a case study on a set of English subtitles of one Croatian movie. Metaphor translation procedures were analyzed using Conceptual Metaphor Theory. There are four basic ways to translate metaphors: a. using the same conceptual metaphor, b. using a different conceptual metaphor, c. using a non-metaphorical paraphrase; and d. deleting the metaphor. In addition, a non-metaphorical expression can be translated by a metaphorical expression. Metaphors are mental, linguistic, but also cultural entities. Since translation in the contemporary age is recognized as both linguistic and cultural transfer, translating metaphors is at the core of the translation task. Many conceptual metaphors are universal and can be found in (almost) all languages, but some are culturally specific, appearing in just one language (group). This case study shows that the universality of metaphor influences the choice of a metaphor translation procedure, in a way that shared metaphors are mostly translated using the same conceptual metaphor, whereas non-shared metaphors are translated by a different metaphor or a non-metaphorical paraphrase. The paper also explores the ways in which the specifics of subtitling as a constrained type of translation influence the choice of a translation procedure. The results are compared to the results of a previous study, which dealt with the translation of metaphors in literature. Keywords: conceptual metaphor, translation, subtitling, universality, conventionality, temporal and spatial constraints
The Art of Scanning the Environment

Les entreprises percoivent des environnements differents qui necessitent un examen minutieux. Selon la complexite des relations, les dynamismes entre les hommes et leur environnement externe, les informations sont recues differemment. Monsieur Choo explique par des representations graphiques ce que sont ces modes d'examen de l'environnement.
Let's go outside: bodies, prostitutes, slaves and worker citizens

In liberal thought, slavery is imagined as reducing the human being to nothing but a body, while the free and equal political subjects of modern liberal democracies are held to be abstract, universal and disembodied individuals. In theory, bodies are also unimportant in the wage labour exchange. Though traditional models of worker citizenship insist on state and employers' duty to protect the human worth of worker citizens, they also assume the disembodied, thing-like nature of commodified labour power. Because bodies are so obviously important in the exchange between prostitute and customer, sex work is difficult to reconcile with liberal fictions of disembodiment, and one strand of feminist debate on prostitution is preoccupied by the question of whether prostitutes are like slaves or wage labourers. Protagonists on both sides of this debate often reproduce liberal understandings of labour power as a ‘thing’ that can be detached from the person. And yet labour power is also a contested commodity, and wage labour has historically been likened to slavery by activists struggling against the commodification of labour power. This article argues that stepping outside liberal fictions of disembodiment and recognising the parallels between prostitution, wage labour and slavery would allow greater scope for establishing a common political subjectivity amongst prostitutes, other wage workers and all those who have an interest in halting and reversing the current global trend towards the commodification of everything. In this way, common political ground between prostitutes and other wage workers is more visible when we step outside liberal assumptions about embodiment, slavery, work and citizenship.
Repeatability of individual migration routes, wintering sites, and timing in a long‐distance migrant bird

Abstract Migratory birds are often faithful to wintering (nonbreeding) sites, and also migration timing is usually remarkably consistent, that is, highly repeatable. Spatiotemporal repeatability can be of advantage for multiple reasons, including familiarity with local resources and predators as well as avoiding the costs of finding a new place, for example, nesting grounds. However, when the environment is variable in space and time, variable site selection and timing might be more rewarding. To date, studies on spatial and temporal repeatability in short‐lived long‐distance migrants are scarce, most notably of first‐time and subsequent migrations. Here, we investigated repeatability in autumn migration directions, wintering sites, and annual migration timing in Hoopoes (Upupa epops), a long‐distance migrant, using repeated tracks of adult and first‐time migrants. Even though autumn migration directions were mostly the same, individual wintering sites often changed from year to year with distances between wintering sites exceeding 1,000 km. The timing of migration was repeatable within an individual during autumn, but not during spring migration. We suggest that Hoopoes respond to variable environmental conditions such as north–south shifts in rainfall during winter and differing onset of the food availability during spring migration.
Ethical Consumerism: A View from Finland

Business ethics and corporate social responsibility have gained more attention in recent years. However, the consumers' perspective on ethics is still a little researched area. This study reports a survey (n=713) on the views of Finnish consumers about ethics in trade. Consumers' willingness to promote business ethics, as well as the obstacles to ethical consumption, are investigated. The results of the study show that while the majority of the respondents regard business ethics as important, this attitude does not translate into their choice behavior. Consumers are uncertain about which products and firms follow ethical rules and which do not. The most important obstacles to ethical consumption were difficulties in obtaining information, problems in product availability and high prices of ethical products.
Enhanced reactivity and related optical changes of Ag nanoparticles on amorphous Al2O3 supports

Pairs of samples containing Ag nanoparticles (NPs) of different dimensions have been produced under the same conditions but on different substrates, namely standard glass slides and a thin layer of amorphous aluminum oxide (a-Al2O3) on-glass. Upon storage in ambient conditions (air and room temperature) the color of samples changed and a blue-shift and damping of the surface plasmon resonance was observed. The changes are weaker for the samples on-glass and tend to saturate after 12 months. In contrast, the changes for the samples on a-Al2O3 appear to be still progressing after 25 months. While x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows a slight sulfurization and negligible oxidation of the Ag for the on-glass samples upon 25 months aging, it shows that Ag is strongly oxidized for the on a-Al2O3 samples and sulfurization is negligible. Both optical and chemical results are consistent with the production of a shell at the expense of a reduction of the metal core dimensions, the latter being responsible for the blue-shift and related to the small (<10 nm initial diameter) of the NPs. The enhanced reactivity of the Ag NPs on the a-Al2O3 supports goes along with specific morphological changes of the Ag NPs and the observation of nitrogen.
Providing transparency and credibility: the selection of international students for Australian universities. An examination of the relationship between scores in the International Student Admissions Test (ISAT), final year academic programs and an Australian university’s foundation program

Throughout 2003–04 five cohorts of students in their final year of school studies in various Malaysian colleges and a group of students completing an Australian university foundation year in Malaysia sat the International Student Admissions Test (ISAT). The ISAT is a multiple‐choice test of general academic abilities developed for students whose first language is not English. Both sets of scores were examined to investigate the relationship between skills measured by the academic programs and the generic reasoning skills measured by the ISAT. The data were examined by looking at correlations and patterns of the ISAT scores, and the total academic program scores and individual subject scores. As well, multiple regression was used to examine if the ISAT could act as a predictor for academic program scores. Although the ISAT and measures of achievement in the academic programs are two completely different instruments, the study showed that: (i) the scores were positively and significantly correlated; (ii) patterns of co‐variation of the ISAT and academic program scores demonstrate a positive relationship; and (iii) there is evidence that achieving a high score in the academic programs requires high reasoning skills, as measured by the ISAT. The findings of this study indicate that the ISAT is a useful predictor of student ability for use in the university selection process for international applicants.
Social loafing in a competitive context

Abstract The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of inter‐group competition on social loafing. Male students (n = 50) in the Faculty of Sport Sciences at the University of Reims volunteered to participate (average age 20.18 ± 1.25 years). All were athletes at regional or national levels. The methodological design consisted of four experimental groups and one control group. Individual performances were compared in individual versus group conditions. During a first session, participants carried out dart throwing in the individual condition. During a second session, one of the four experimental groups was equivalent to a group condition without inter‐group competition, whereas the three others competed against fictitious opponents which had same or different levels of group performance. Prior to the second throwing session, members of the three experimental groups were individually asked to assess their team score as well as that of their opponent. Results showed a significant increase in individual performance when participants competed against an opponent with same performance level. However, a significant decrease in individual performances appeared when the participants performed against a much stronger opponent. Moreover, the participants who estimated a success of their team increased their performance significantly during the second session whereas those who projected defeat for their team decreased their performance significantly. This study shows that the competitive context and expectations for group outcomes have an impact on social loafing.
Randomized controlled trial of duration of analgesia following intravenous or rectal acetaminophen after adenotonsillectomy in children.

BACKGROUND Doses of acetaminophen 40 mg kg(-1) rectally and 15 mg kg(-1) i.v. produce similar effect-site concentrations. However, the clinical effectiveness of these routes has not been compared. The aim of this study was to compare duration and efficacy of analgesia in children following adenotonsillectomy after acetaminophen either 40 mg kg(-1) rectally or 15 mg kg(-1) i.v. METHODS Fifty children aged between 2 and 5 yr were recruited. They received a standardized anaesthetic, including 2 microg kg(-1) of fentanyl. Children were randomized to receive either rectal or i.v. acetaminophen. Postoperative pain was assessed regularly with the Children and Infants Postoperative Pain Scale score and rescue analgesia provided if scores were 4 or greater. The primary outcome measure was time to first analgesia. Results were plotted with a Kaplan-Meier analysis and median time to rescue analgesia compared between the groups. RESULTS The protocol was successfully completed in 46 children. Forty-five children required rescue medication. The time to first rescue analgesia was longer in children receiving rectal acetaminophen (median 10 h, inter-quartile range 9-11 h) compared with those receiving i.v. acetaminophen (7, 6-10 h) with a P-value of 0.01 by log-rank test for equality in survivor function. Few children in either group required rescue analgesia within the first 6 h with differences between the groups being most prominent in the period from 6 to 10 h. CONCLUSIONS Rectal acetaminophen 40 mg kg(-1) provides longer analgesia for moderately painful procedures when compared with 15 mg kg(-1) acetaminophen i.v.
Usage and Distribution for Commercial Purposes Requires Written Permission. Metastatic Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma with Gastrointestinal Involvement: a Case Report

Metastatic squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) involving the gastrointestinal tract as the sole site of metastatic disease is exceedingly rare. We report a patient with known cutaneous SCC that metastasized to regional lymph nodes who, after therapy, appeared to be disease free until a small metastatic lesion was identified on colonoscopy within a diverticular orifice. He was subsequently noted to have more diffuse gastrointestinal involvement, including a small bowel lesion not previously identified on imaging. The presence of a gastrointestinal meta-static lesion in this setting should prompt consideration to exclude other synchronous lesions and the need for possible additional systemic therapy.
The effect of chronic oral domperidone therapy on gastrointestinal symptoms, gastric emptying, and quality of life in patients with gastroparesis.

OBJECTIVE Our aim was to determine whether domperidone could improve the symptoms of patients with gastroparesis, accelerate gastric emptying, and enhance quality of life. METHODS Seventeen patients (13 women, 4 men; mean age 42.9 yr) with documented gastroparesis were evaluated. A baseline gastric emptying study was performed using an isotope-labeled solid meal and a follow-up study was repeated > or =6 months after initiating domperidone therapy. The severity of nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and bloating were obtained at baseline and at 6-month intervals and were graded from 0 to 5 (0 = none, 5 = most severe). Also, the number of hospital admissions were noted during the study period. Patients were asked to assess their overall health status and quality of life and were begun on domperidone 20 mg q.i. d. On average, patients received domperidone for 23.3 months (range 6-48 months). Domperidone doses ranged from 40 to 120 mg daily during the study period. RESULTS Gastroparesis symptom scores were reduced from 4.1 +/- 0.22 (mean +/- SEM) to 1.3 +/- 0.2, and hospital admissions were decreased significantly during the study compared with before domperidone therapy (p < 0.05). At baseline, patients had a 87.3 +/- 3.71% retention of a solid meal at 2 hours compared with a 57.2 +/- 5.04% retention during domperidone therapy (p < 0.05). Domperidone treatment enhanced the quality of life in 88% of patients. The mean prolactin level was 58.9 pg/ml during the study and three patients reported gynecomastia. CONCLUSIONS Chronic domperidone treatment in patients with gastroparesis significantly reduced GI symptoms and hospitalizations, enhanced quality of life, and accelerated gastric emptying of a solid meal to a normal rate. Domperidone successfully treats gastroparesis on a long-term outcome basis and has an excellent safety profile.
WIAT Performance of Children with ADHD

The WIAT and WISC-III were adminisfered to a sample of 21 children diagnosed with ADHD. All children were receiving Ritalin at the time of testing. Results indicated that WIAT test scores were quite variable. Correlation patterns betweerc WIAT subtests and with the WISC-1II are reported.