Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Taijin Kyofusho and Social Phobia Symptoms in Young Adults in England and in Japan

The main aims of the present study were to compare the frequency of social phobia and taijin kyofusho symptoms among young adults in Japan and in England and to examine the role of family environment in the development of these two conditions. A total of 927 young adults (462 in England and 465 in Japan) between the ages of 19 and 24 were investigated. They completed a set of questionnaires that were used to measure social phobia and taijin kyofusho symptoms, as well as family background. Results showed that young adults in Japan reported significantly higher levels of taijin kyofusho and social phobia symptoms than young adults in England. Family sociability had a consistent effect on both social phobia and taijin kyofusho symptoms across the two cultures, but parental rearing attitudes showed distinct patterns between the two countries. This finding suggests that cross-cultural models need to consider familial factors that may be predictive across cultures and others that may be more culturally specific.
Corrective Feedback and Learner Uptake in a Child ESOL Classroom

This study investigates the occurrence of corrective feedback and uptake in child ESOL classes. Transcripts of 8.1 hours of lessons in 6 ESOL classes in a New Zealand primary school were analysed to explore the relationship between errors, feedback, and uptake. The results revealed that there was a clear preference for recasts and explicit correction, and there was a lack of prompts. The two most frequent feedback types yielded relatively high uptake rates, which was ascribed to the fact that a high percentage of the recasts were corrective (as opposed to supportive) and many cases of explicit correction subsumed multiple, hybrid (input-providing as well as output-prompting) corrective moves. Phonological errors led to a high repair rate regardless of feedback types, and grammatical errors mainly received recasts, most of which were not followed by repairs. Overall, there are differences in the patterns of feedback and uptake between this study and previous studies, which were interpreted with reference to the unique characteristics of this instructional context. This study demonstrates a need for an interactive, situated approach to the study of corrective feedback.
Diffusion-Weighted Imaging Study in Euthymic Patients with Bipolar I Disorder

Amac: Otimik iki uclu I bozuklugu olan hastalarda diffuzyon agirlikli MR goruntuleme kullanilarak olasi beyaz madde anormalliklerinin varligi ve gorunur difuzyon katsayisi (GDK) degisiklikleri arastirildi. Yontem: Bu calismaya 30 hasta (12 kadin,18 erkek) alindi. Dort hafta boyunca Young Mani Derecelendirme olceginden en az 5 veya altinda puan alan ve Hamilton Depresyon Derecelendirme Olceginden 7 veya altinda puan alan hastalar otimik olarak kabul edildi. Kontrol grubuna yas ve cinsiyet olarak iki uclu olgularla eslestirilmis 30 saglikli birey dahil edildi. GDK degisiklikleri, beyaz madde dokusunun en cok bulundugu corpus callosum genusu ve frontal, temporal ve oksipital loblardan simetrik olarak elde edildi. Sonuclar: Iki uclu bozukluk grubundaki ortalama GDK degeri 856.53±88.31x10-3mm/s ve kontrol grubundaki ortalama GDK degeri 778.89±89.67x10-3mm/s bulundu. Kontrol grubuna gore iki uclu hastalarda sag frontal bolge ortalama GDK degerleri daha dusuk bulundu ancak farklilik istatistiksel olarak anlamli degildi. Bununla birlikte, sol hemisferde anlamli dusukluk vardi (p<0.05). Iki uclu bozukluk grubunda kontrol grubuna gore oksipital loblar ve hem sag hem de sol temporal bolgeden elde edilen ortalama GDK degerlerindeki yukseklik, istatistiksel olarak anlamliydi (p<0.05). Tartisma: Bu calismanin sonuclarina gore, otimik iki uclu bozukluk hastalarinda artmis GDK degerleri, beyaz maddedeki bozulma ile iliskili olabilir. Ayrica, frontal bolgeden elde edilen azalmis GDK degerleri, bu bozulmanin geri donuslu olabilecegini dusundurmektedir.
MyActivity: Cloud-Hosted Continuous Activity Recognition Using Ontology-Based Stream Reasoning

Activity recognition and context-aware systems with mobile users have attracted much attention recently, with numerous applications. Also, for a system to be scalable, cloud computing is a useful paradigm, but needs to be appropriately integrated. This paper presents an innovative approach for mobile activity recognition that exploits a hybrid model using both machine learning techniques and stream reasoning using an ontological representation of activities. As a proof-of-concept, we implemented a cloud-hosted framework called MyActivity using Continuous SPARQL (C-SPARQL) to run queries in order to recognize human activities with accelerometer and GPS data from mobile devices.
Hypoxic Modulation of Exogenous Nitrite-Induced Vasodilation in Humans

Background— It has been proposed that under hypoxic conditions, nitrite may release nitric oxide, which causes potent vasodilation. We hypothesized that nitrite would have a greater dilator effect in capacitance than in resistance vessels because of lower oxygen tension and that resistance-vessel dilation should become more pronounced during hypoxemia. The effect of intra-arterial infusion of nitrite on forearm blood flow and forearm venous volumes was assessed during normoxia and hypoxia. Methods and Results— Forty healthy volunteers were studied. After baseline infusion of 0.9% saline, sodium nitrite was infused at incremental doses from 40 nmol/min to 7.84 &mgr;mol/min. At each stage, forearm blood flow was measured by strain-gauge plethysmography. Forearm venous volume was assessed by radionuclide plethysmography. Changes in forearm blood flow and forearm venous volume in the infused arm were corrected for those in the control arm. The peak percentage of venodilation during normoxia was 35.8±3.4% (mean±SEM) at 7.84 &mgr;mol/min (P<0.001) and was similar during hypoxia. In normoxia, arterial blood flow, assessed by the forearm blood flow ratio, increased from 1.04±0.09 (baseline) to 1.62±0.18 (nitrite; P<0.05) versus 1.07±0.09 (baseline) to 2.37±0.15 (nitrite; P<0.005) during hypoxia. This result was recapitulated in vitro in vascular rings. Conclusions— Nitrite is a potent venodilator in normoxia and hypoxia. Arteries are modestly affected in normoxia but potently dilated in hypoxia, which suggests the important phenomenon of hypoxic augmentation of nitrite-mediated vasodilation in vivo. The use of nitrite as a selective arterial vasodilator in ischemic territories and as a potent venodilator in heart failure has therapeutic implications.
Threshold Regression Without Distribution Assumption When the Threshold Variable is Endogenous

In this paper, we propose a semi-parametric approach to estimate threshold models without the reliance of distribution assumption when the threshold variable is endogenous. Early threshold models based on the exogeneity assumption on the threshold variables are widely applied in economics studies. The invalidation of this assumption, however, may bias the estimation and inference. To control for the effects caused by an endogenous threshold variable, we propose a concentrated two-stage least squares method using instrumental variables. This method is based on the local linear smoothers by Fan (1992) and can be simplified as a concentrated kernel-weighted least squares estimation. In particular, our approach can consistently estimate the threshold model without relying on any distribution assumption and allows us to handle nonlinear effects caused by the endogenous threshold variable in a more flexible setting. We establish consistency of the threshold parameter and the asymptotic properties of the slope coefficients in the proposed method. Monte Carlo simulations are performed to evaluate its finite sample properties. The new method is applied to re-examine the effects of political institutions on economic growth.
A 10nm platform technology for low power and high performance application featuring FINFET devices with multi workfunction gate stack on bulk and SOI

A 10nm logic platform technology is presented for low power and high performance application with the tightest contacted poly pitch (CPP) of 64nm and metallization pitch of 48nm ever reported in the FinFET technology on both bulk and SOI substrate. A 0.053um2 SRAM bit-cell is reported with a corresponding Static Noise Margin (SNM) of 140mV at 0.75V. Intensive multi-patterning technology and various self-aligned processes have been developed with 193i lithography to overcome optical patterning limit. Multi-workfunction (WF) gate stack has been enabled to provide Vt tunability without the variability degradation induced by channel dopants.
Mangiferin Mitigates Gastric Ulcer in Ischemia/ Reperfused Rats: Involvement of PPAR-γ, NF-κB and Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathways

Mangiferin (MF), a xanthonoid from Mangifera indica, has been proved to have antisecretory and antioxidant gastroprotective effects against different gastric ulcer models; however, its molecular mechanism has not been previously elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to test its modulatory effect on several signaling pathways using the ischemia/reperfusion model for the first time. Animals were treated with MF, omeprazole (OMP), and the vehicle. The mechanistic studies revealed that MF mediated its gastroprotective effect partly via inducing the expression of Nrf2, HO-1 and PPAR-γ along with downregulating that of NF-κB. Surprisingly, the effect of MF, especially the high dose, exceeded that mediated by OMP except for Nrf2. The molecular results were reflected on the biomarkers measured, where the antioxidant effect of MF was manifested by increasing total antioxidant capacity and glutathione, besides normalizing malondialdehyde level. Additionally, MF decreased the I/R-induced nitric oxide elevation, an effect that was better than that of OMP. In the serum, MF, dose dependently, enhanced endothelial nitric oxide synthase, while reduced the inducible isoform. Regarding the anti-inflammatory effect of MF, it reduced serum level of IL-1β and sE-selectin, effects that were mirrored on the tissue level of myeloperoxidase, the neutrophil infiltration marker. In addition, MF possessed an antiapoptotic character evidenced by elevating Bcl-2 level and reducing that of caspase-3 in a dose related order. As a conclusion, the intimated gastroprotective mechanisms of MF are mediated, partially, by modulation of oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis possibly via the Nrf2/HO-1, PPAR-γ/NF-κB signaling pathways.
The GAP Benchmark Suite

We present a graph processing benchmark suite with the goal of helping to standardize graph processing evaluations. Fewer differences between graph processing evaluations will make it easier to compare different research efforts and quantify improvements. The benchmark not only specifies graph kernels, input graphs, and evaluation methodologies, but it also provides optimized baseline implementations. These baseline implementations are representative of state-of-the-art performance, and thus new contributions should outperform them to demonstrate an improvement. The input graphs are sized appropriately for shared memory platforms, but any implementation on any platform that conforms to the benchmark's specifications could be compared. This benchmark suite can be used in a variety of settings. Graph framework developers can demonstrate the generality of their programming model by implementing all of the benchmark's kernels and delivering competitive performance on all of the benchmark's graphs. Algorithm designers can use the input graphs and the baseline implementations to demonstrate their contribution. Platform designers and performance analysts can use the suite as a workload representative of graph processing.
Comparison of Outside Versus Inside Brachial Plexus Sheath Injection for Ultrasound‐Guided Interscalene Nerve Blocks

Ultrasound‐guided interscalene brachial plexus blocks are commonly used to provide anesthesia for the shoulder and proximal upper extremity. Some reviews identify a sheath that envelops the brachial plexus as a potential tissue plane target, and current editorials in the literature highlight the need to establish precise and reproducible injection targets under ultrasound guidance. We hypothesize that an injection of a local anesthetic inside the brachial plexus sheath during ultrasound‐guided interscalene nerve blocks will result in enhanced procedure success and provide a consistent tissue plane target for this approach with a reproducible and characteristic local anesthetic spread pattern.
Path Integral Simulations of the Thermodynamic Properties of Quantum Dense Plasma

A novel path integral representation of the many-particle density operator is presented which makes direct Fermionic path integral Monte Carlo simulations feasible over a wide range of parameters. The method is applied to compute the energy of a dense hydrogen plasma in the region of intermediate coupling and degeneracy and is compared to analytical and experimental results.
The adoption of e-banking in developing countries: A theoretical model for SMEs

Electronic banking offers numerous benefits to SMEs. SMEs can check account balances, transfer money, pay bills, collect receivables and ultimately reduce transaction costs and establish greater control over bank accounts. Despite the benefits of e-banking to SMEs, there has been little research done on the factors affecting its adoption. This research aims to investigate the factors that affect SMEs’ adoption of e-banking in Bangladesh. It is well documented in the literature that despite their availability and potential benefits, SMEs in Bangladesh are slow in adopting e-banking services. For the purpose of identifying factors affecting the adoption of e-banking by SMEs, TOE framework, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), Institutional Theory and Institutional Intervention Theory are used. Drawing upon these as background theories, an integrated conceptual framework for SMEs’ e-banking adoption is developed, which incorporates both the rationalistic goal oriented behaviour of firms and the external forces of technology adoption. Seven variables affecting e-banking adoption by SMEs are identified. They are: organizational capabilities, perceived benefits, perceived credibility, perceived regulatory support, ICT industries readiness, lack of financial institutions readiness and institutional influence. This model can be tested empirically for SMEs in Bangladesh as well as in other developing countries.
In support of evidence-based management and research-informed HRD through HRD professional partnerships: an empirical and comparative study

This article describes a programme of practice-grounded empirical management research set within an NHS Trust Hospital in the UK that was conducted as part of an HRD Professional Partnership of the kind advocated by Jacobs (1997). The research was concerned with identifying the criteria of managerial effectiveness at the middle and front-line levels of management using critical incident technique and factor analytic methods. The results are compared against those from an equivalent partnership research study carried out previously by the author within one part of the British Civil Service, namely the Anglia Collection of HM Customs & Excise. The findings lend support to the notion of the 'universally effective manager', and provide empirical support for the potential development of evidence-based and research-informed approaches to management and human resource development within the case-study NHS Trust Hospital, and possibly beyond.
Another Look at Ethnicity as a Biological Concept

Montagu referred to race as ‘man’s most dangerous myth’, while Lévi-Strauss called it ‘the original sin of anthropology’. Although persuasive arguments against the concept of race were made throughout the 20th century, race remains a particular problem for anthropologists who deal in the classification of human populations. Racial terminology has been perpetuated within anthropology largely owing to the fact that, historically, race formed the very core of anthropological study. Despite the conceptual inadequacy of race, the anthropological enterprise has yet to move beyond it as an explanatory tool for understanding human biological variation because of the lack of a conceptual and/or methodological replacement. This article re-analyses historical anthropological literature on ethnicity and biocultural interaction as a replacement for the race concept, and recasts it in the context of modern philosophical and psychological perspectives on population variation.
“It is just easier to do what you did before…”: An Update on Internet Use in Secondary Social Studies Classrooms in Indiana

This study replicated a 1999 survey study of classroom Internet use by social studies teachers (6–12) in Indiana. The 1999 study indicated that although 80% wished to be using it more often, respondents' Internet use was little more than “glorified information gathering. ” The present study modified the same instrument to survey a random sample of secondary social studies teachers in Indiana in order to determine what, if any, changes had occurred in the intervening 6 years. Data indicated improvement across most barriers (e.g., connectivity, training, access to equipment) identified in the previous study, but 70% of respondents still wished to be using the Internet more often. The Internet was still most commonly used to “gather background information for the lessons I teach. ” The present study created the Internet Use Scale (IUS) and the IUS score was used to divide respondents into quartiles. The first quartile (higher-order users) was compared to the fourth quartile (lower-order users). Significant differences were found for: hours of training, experience, number of fast-connection computers in their instructional lab, and access to LCD projectors. Results of the present study support Ertmer's (2005) finding that teachers' pedagogical beliefs are the single most important factor in implementing technology in the classroom.
Outcome Controllability and Counterfactual Thinking

The impact of outcome controllability on the direction of counterfactual thoughts (reconstructions of past outcomes based on "might have been"alternatives) was examined in two laboratory experiments. Counterfactual direction reflects the distinction between upward counterfactuals (focusing on how things could have been better) and downward counterfactuals (focusing on how things could have been worse). Previous research has shown that upward counterfactuals are more frequent after failure, even though consideration of downward counterfactuals is affectively self-enhancing. Two studies showed that outcome controllability affects counterfactual direction: Upward counterfactuals were more frequent following controllable outcomes, whereas downward counterfactuals were more frequent following uncontrollable outcomes. Paralleling past research, upward counterfactuals were more frequent after failure, whereas downward counterfactuals were more frequent after success. These findings are consistent with an emerging functional theory of counterfactual thinking.
Glial ephrin-A3 regulates hippocampal dendritic spine morphology and glutamate transport

Increasing evidence indicates the importance of neuron-glia communication for synaptic function, but the mechanisms involved are not fully understood. We reported that the EphA4 receptor tyrosine kinase is in dendritic spines of pyramidal neurons of the adult hippocampus and regulates spine morphology. We now show that the ephrin-A3 ligand, which is located in the perisynaptic processes of astrocytes, is essential for maintaining EphA4 activation and normal spine morphology in vivo. Ephrin-A3-knockout mice have spine irregularities similar to those observed in EphA4-knockout mice. Remarkably, loss of ephrin-A3 or EphA4 increases the expression of glial glutamate transporters. Consistent with this, glutamate transport is elevated in ephrin-A3-null hippocampal slices whereas Eph-dependent stimulation of ephrin-A3 signaling inhibits glutamate transport. Furthermore, some forms of hippocampus-dependent learning are impaired in the ephrin-A3-knockout mice. Our results suggest that the interaction between neuronal EphA4 and glial ephrin-A3 bidirectionally controls synapse morphology and glial glutamate transport, ultimately regulating hippocampal function.
Lipopolysaccharide enhances synthesis of brain‐derived neurotrophic factor in cultured rat microglia

Expression of neurotrophins in pure microglia cultured from embryonic rat brain and the effects of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on the expression were investigated. In untreated cultures, nerve growth factor (NGF), brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin (NT)‐4/5 mRNAs were detected by use of reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction but NT‐3 mRNA was not. LPS stimulation caused a marked increase in BDNF mRNA expression in addition to a slight increment of the NT‐4/5 mRNA level; however, the NGF mRNA level was not affected. LPS also increased BDNF‐like immunoreactivity in cultured microglia, an action consistent with an elevation of BDNF mRNA. These results demonstrate that LPS stimulates synthesis of BDNF and probably NT‐4/5, specific ligands for tyrosine kinase receptor TrkB, suggesting that activated microglia, which appear in the damaged brain, participate in neuronal regeneration via production of such neurotrophins. J. Neurosci. Res. 50:1023–1029, 1997. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Subadditivity in Memory for Personal Events

People's subjective probability judgments of external events are often subadditive (i.e., the probability estimates of component parts of a single event sum to greater than one)—a clear violation of the extensional nature of probability theory. We show that people's frequency judgments of personal events can also be subadditive. We found subadditivity even when component events made up a proper subset of a wider composite event. Our findings imply that the somewhat arbitrary choice of the specificity with which questions are asked can produce widely different reports for the same composite events.
Client distress disclosure, characteristics at intake, and outcome in brief counseling.

Client tendencies to disclose versus conceal personally distressing information (termed distress disclosure) were hypothesized to relate to measures of social support, personality, perceived stress, and symptomatology at intake, as well as improvement over the course of counseling. Seventy-nine college counseling center clients completed questionnaires at intake; 45 of these clients also completed measures at termination. Distress disclosure was related to social support, trait positive affectivity, and trait negative affectivity at intake; and distress disclosure was associated with a decrease in client-rated stress and symptomatology over the course of counseling. These findings point to the importance of attending to client differences in tendencies to disclose versus conceal personally distressing information both at intake and as it relates to change in counseling.