Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Variation in GNB3 predicts response and adverse reactions to antidepressants

There is substantial inter-individual variation in response and adverse reactions to antidepressants, and genetic variation may, in part, explain these differences. GNB3 encodes the β3 subunit of the G protein complex, which is involved in the downstream signalling cascade following monoamine receptor activation. A functional polymorphism in this gene (C825T) has been associated with response to antidepressants. Several lines of evidence suggest that GNB3 moderates improvement in the neurovegetative symptoms of depression (such as sleep and appetite) and related adverse reactions independently of change in core mood symptoms. We here report analysis of data from GENDEP, a part-randomized pharmacogenomic trial, on the outcome of 811 subjects with major depression undergoing treatment with either escitalopram or nortriptyline in which the C825T SNP and three further SNPs in GNB3 were genotyped. The TT genotype was significantly associated with a superior response to nortriptyline and these effects were specific to improvements in neurovegetative symptoms. In addition, the same genotype predicted fewer incidents of treatment-emergent insomnia and greater weight gain on the same drug. Our results are consistent with previous associations with GNB3 and emphasize the importance of signalling genes in antidepressant response.
Clinical Reasoning: A young man with acute encephalopathy, loss of vision, and upper motor neuron signs

A 22-year-old man with no significant medical history presented at the hospital emergency department with a 1-day history of confusion and gradual loss of vision. Seven days before the presentation, he started complaining of holocranial headache, which was initially mild but eventually progressed to become severe in intensity, associated with nausea and vomiting, and was not responsive to paracetamol. There were no associated seizures.
A New Single Use Supraglottic Airway Device with a Noninflatable Cuff and an Esophageal Vent: An Observational Study of the i-Gel

BACKGROUND: The i-gel is a new single-use supraglottic airway device with a noninflatable cuff and an esophageal vent. METHOD: In this prospective, observational study, we evaluated the i-gel in 71 women. RESULTS: Insertion success rate was 97%. Insertion was easy and performed at the first attempt in every patient. Mean seal pressure was 30 ± 7 cm H2O, and average peak pressure was 11 ± 3 cm H2O. The gastric tube was inserted in 100% of cases. Only one case of coughing and one mild sore throat occurred. CONCLUSION: The i-gel is a reliable, easily inserted airway device that provides an adequate seal with a low morbidity rate.
Reversal of Rivaroxaban and Dabigatran by Prothrombin Complex Concentrate: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Study in Healthy Subjects

Background— Rivaroxaban and dabigatran are new oral anticoagulants that specifically inhibit factor Xa and thrombin, respectively. Clinical studies on the prevention and treatment of venous and arterial thromboembolism show promising results. A major disadvantage of these anticoagulants is the absence of an antidote in case of serious bleeding or when an emergency intervention needs immediate correction of coagulation. This study evaluated the potential of prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC) to reverse the anticoagulant effect of these drugs. Methods and Results— In a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 12 healthy male volunteers received rivaroxaban 20 mg twice daily (n=6) or dabigatran 150 mg twice daily (n=6) for 2½ days, followed by either a single bolus of 50 IU/kg PCC (Cofact) or a similar volume of saline. After a washout period, this procedure was repeated with the other anticoagulant treatment. Rivaroxaban induced a significant prolongation of the prothrombin time (15.8±1.3 versus 12.3±0.7 seconds at baseline; P<0.001) that was immediately and completely reversed by PCC (12.8±1.0; P<0.001). The endogenous thrombin potential was inhibited by rivaroxaban (51±22%; baseline, 92±22%; P=0.002) and normalized with PCC (114±26%; P<0.001), whereas saline had no effect. Dabigatran increased the activated partial thromboplastin time, ecarin clotting time (ECT), and thrombin time. Administration of PCC did not restore these coagulation tests. Conclusion— Prothrombin complex concentrate immediately and completely reverses the anticoagulant effect of rivaroxaban in healthy subjects but has no influence on the anticoagulant action of dabigatran at the PCC dose used in this study. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.trialregister. nl. Unique identifier: NTR2272.
Generalized Maximum Entropy Analysis of the Linear Simultaneous Equations Model

A generalized maximum entropy estimator is developed for the linear simultaneous equations model. Monte Carlo sampling experiments are used to evaluate the estimator's performance in small and medium sized samples, suggesting contexts in which the current generalized maximum entropy estimator is superior in mean square error to two and three stage least squares. Analytical results are provided relating to asymptotic properties of the estimator and associated hypothesis testing statistics. Monte Carlo experiments are also used to provide evidence on the power and size of test statistics. An empirical application is included to demonstrate the practical implementation of the estimator.
DOCUMENTATION OF OLD TURKIC RUNIC INSCRIPTIONS OF THE ALTAIMOUNTAINS USING PHOTOGRAMMETRIC TECHNOLOGY

Abstract. Old Turkic runic inscriptions of the Altai Mountains (8th–9th centuries AD) were digitized in the course of this project to be preserved in the current state on the Web and deciphered by linguistic experts. The ways the inscriptions were made as well as their location in hardly accessible areas required finding an inexpensive solution that would provide detailed 3D documentation of rock faces, while at the same time mobility and autonomy. Digital photogrammetry came as a quite affordable and optimal choice for getting high-quality outcomes using inexpensive software and further data processing using free software.
The indentation of pressurized elastic shells: from polymeric capsules to yeast cells

Pressurized elastic capsules arise at scales ranging from the 10 m diameter pressure vessels used to store propane at oil refineries to the microscopic polymeric capsules that may be used in drug delivery. Nature also makes extensive use of pressurized elastic capsules: plant cells, bacteria and fungi have stiff walls, which are subject to an internal turgor pressure. Here, we present theoretical, numerical and experimental investigations of the indentation of a linearly elastic shell subject to a constant internal pressure. We show that, unlike unpressurized shells, the relationship between force and displacement demonstrates two linear regimes. We determine analytical expressions for the effective stiffness in each of these regimes in terms of the material properties of the shell and the pressure difference. As a consequence, a single indentation experiment over a range of displacements may be used as a simple assay to determine both the internal pressure and elastic properties of capsules. Our results are relevant for determining the internal pressure in bacterial, fungal or plant cells. As an illustration of this, we apply our results to recent measurements of the stiffness of baker's yeast and infer from these experiments that the internal osmotic pressure of yeast cells may be regulated in response to changes in the osmotic pressure of the external medium.
MRI features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to investigate the MRI features of gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) with special emphasis on the dynamic enhancement pattern and findings of diffusion restriction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-two patients with pathologically proven GISTs who underwent MRI that included dynamic contrast-enhanced and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) were included in this study. Two abdominal radiologists analyzed the MR images in consensus regarding the morphologic features, enhancement degree and pattern, and findings of diffusion restriction. The mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of the tumors were measured by one of the radiologists. The MRI features and mean ADC values were analyzed with respect to tumor size and malignancy risk. RESULTS Small GISTs (≤ 5 cm, n = 25) appeared as round tumors with strong and homogeneous arterial enhancement and a persistent enhancement pattern. Large GISTs (> 5 cm, n = 17) appeared as lobulated tumors with mild heterogeneous gradual enhancement, and they frequently exhibited intratumoral cystic change (n = 13). The prevalence of intratumoral cystic change was higher in the moderate to high risk group than in very low to low risk group (p < 0.05). There was negative linear correlation between the mean ADC values and the malignancy risk of GISTs (r = -0.670, p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Small GISTs had MRI features different from the well-known imaging features of large GISTs. The presence of intratumoral cystic change and a low mean ADC value may be helpful for predicting the high malignancy potential of GISTs.
Laminar organization of mitral and tufted cells in the main olfactory bulb of the adult hamster

Morphometric analyses of Golgi‐impregnated mitral and tufted cells in the main olfactory bulb of the hamster indicate that these second‐order neurons cannot be considered a homogeneous population. They are comprised of several categories based on differences in the sizes and spatial organizations of their dendritic fields and in their likely patterns of lateral and recurrent interactions with granule cells and/or periglomerular cells. External tufted cells have their somata in the periglomerular region or at the superficial border of the external plexiform layer (EPL) and can be subdivided into three morphological categories. Many external tufted cells lack secondary dendrites, i.e., all of their dendrites arborize within glomeruli. Most of these neurons are not in positions where they could receive synaptic contacts from granule cells and thus are likely to receive interneuronal input predominantly from periglomerular cells. Another category of external tufted cells is characterized by secondary dendrites which are highly branched and form dense but spatially restricted fields in the EPL. In contrast, external tufted cells in the third category have sparsely branched secondary dendrites which extend tangentially in the EPL and tend to be asymmetrically distributed with respect to the soma. Most of the deeperlying tufted cells, and the mitral cells, have sparsely branched secondary dendrites whose lengths and laminar distributions within the EPL are correlated with the depths of their parent somata. Internal tufted cells, which have their somata in the deep one‐third of the EPL, and mitral cells exhibit the largest secondary dendritic fields. These fields extend tangentially within the EPL in relatively symmetric radial patterns from their parent somata and envelop substantial proportions of the EPL. Middle tufted cells have their somata in the superficial two‐thirds of the EPL and exhibit secondary dendritic morphologies which are intermediate between those of internal and external tufted cells. These differences in the size and spatial organization of secondary dendritic fields are likely to be associated with differences in the amount and spatial distribution of lateral and recurrent inhibition mediated through synaptic contacts with granule cells. External tufted cells which lack secondary dendrites have large glomerular arbors that are comparable in size to those of mitral and internal tufted cells, whereas external tufted cells with secondary dendrites and middle tufted cells tend to have relatively small glomerular arbors. The morphological differences among mitral and tufted cells and the likely differences in their synaptic interactions within the olfactory bulb, together with recent evidence that these neurons differ in their pharmacology and in their patterns of interconnections with more central regions of the forebrain, suggest that the mitral and tufted cells and the central olfactory circuits may be organized as functionally defined parallel pathways.
High‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion in women aged <30 years has a prevalence pattern resembling low‐grade squamous intraepithelial lesion

Cervical cytology is the cervical cancer screening test for women aged <30 years because of the low specificity of human papillomavirus tests in this age group. The Bethesda System classifies cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN 2) and grade 3 (CIN 3) as high‐grade intraepithelial lesions (HSIL). In this study, the authors subclassified cytologic HSIL as suggestive of CIN 2 (HSIL‐CIN 2) or CIN 3 (HSIL‐CIN 3) and evaluated whether there was a correlation between these findings and age for screened and unscreened women.
Association of maternal depression and infant nutritional status among women living with HIV in Tanzania.

Antenatal and post-natal depression has demonstrated a significant burden in sub-Saharan Africa, with rates ranging from 10% to 35%. However, perinatal women living with HIV in Tanzania have reported an even greater prevalence of depression (43-45%). The primary goal of this study was to examine the relationship between maternal depression and infant malnutrition among women living with HIV. The design was a retrospective cohort study within the context of a randomised controlled trial among women living with HIV and their infants. Within this trial, 699 mother-child pairs were analysed for the present study. Although antenatal depression was not associated with infant malnutrition and post-natal depression was negatively associated [relative risk (RR = 0.80, P = 0.04], cumulative depression demonstrated a positive association with infant wasting (RR = 1.08, P < 0.01) and underweight (RR = 1.03, P < 0.01) after controlling for confounding factors. Variation in the association between depression and infant nutritional status was observed for episodic vs. chronic depression. These findings suggest that providing evidence-based services for persistent depression among women living with HIV may have an effect on infant malnutrition. In addition, other positive outcomes may be related to infant cognitive development as well as HIV disease prognosis and survival among women.
Bi-directional Joint Inference for User Links and Attributes on Large Social Graphs

Users on social networks primarily do two things, connect to existing or new friends and exchange information. Recently, social media apps have become the primary information source for users to consume news stories. Users are inundated with a flood of information from social media networks shared by their friends and other content providers. For social media networks, it is important for us to study users' friendships and interests in order to best serve their need. However, given the nature of online applications, information on both sides is highly incomplete and noisy. Inspired by the well-known homophily phenomenon which found the two properties strongly interleaving, we propose to jointly learn them by leveraging their data redundancy and mutual reinforcement. Specifically, we exploit homophily by iteratively addressing smoothness on the graph in two directions, ie, from closeness to similarity (stronger links lead to more similar attributes), and vice versa. The two processes are done in a unified probabilistic framework through label propagation and graph construction. The refined user links and attributes are immediately useful for various tasks including link recommendation and content targeting on social networks.
Supplemental Information : The dynamics of coordinated group hunting and collective information-transfer among schooling prey

The dynamics of coordinated group hunting and collective information-transfer among schooling prey Nils Olav Handegarda,b,∗, Kevin M. Boswellc,d, Christos C. Ioannoub,e, Simon P. Leblancb, Dag B. Tjøstheimf and Iain D. Couzinb,∗ aInstitute of Marine Research, 5817 Bergen, Norway bDepartment of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA cDepartment of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA dDepartment of Biological Sciences, Marine Sciences Program, Florida International University, FL 33181, USA eSchool of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 1UG, UK fDepartment of Mathematics, University of Bergen, 5008 Bergen, Norway ∗Correspondence: nilsolav@imr.no (N.O.H.), icouzin@princeton.edu (I.D.C.)
Radon levels in different types of Plants with medicinal properties

Published by Madridge Publishers Abstract In present study, natural levels of radon-222 in forty selected herbs with medicinal properties present in many stores throughout Iraq were measured to establish any potential radiation hazards. The Solid State Nuclear Track Detectors SSNTDs (CR-39) technique was used to determine these natural levels of radiation. The findings indicate that the radon concentrations ranged from 10.6602. 07 Bq/m3 to 53.3034. 64 Bq/m3 with an average 26.5373. 21Bq/m3. These radon concentration values were lower than those reported in literature. These results show that consumption of the studied plants would impose no health threat to the consumers.
A descriptive-comparative study of performance characteristics in futsal players of different levels

ABSTRACT Despite the increasing popularity of futsal, there is little information on performance characteristics of players. We aimed to determine the validity and reliability of a futsal shooting test and to evaluate and compare performance characteristics of three futsal playing levels. Twenty-four males (n = 8 elite, n = 8 semi-elite, n = 8 social) completed two trials to examine the reliability of the Massey Futsal Shooting Test (MFST) and to compare various fitness characteristics between groups. MFST time taken (P = 0.010), shot speed (P < 0.001) and points scored per shot (P < 0.001) were better for elite relative to social players. Test–retest reliability was acceptable for all groups, but it was most repeatable in elite players. Loughborough Soccer Passing Test performance was better in elite relative to social players (P = 0.004). There were no differences in countermovement-jump height between groups. Elite players ran faster over 5 m than both semi-elite (P = 0.043) and social (P = 0.002) and faster than the social players through 10 m (P = 0.028) and 20 m (P = 0.026). Distance covered in the Futsal Intermittent Endurance Test was higher in elite relative to semi-elite (P = 0.005) and social (P < 0.001) groups. The MFST is a valid and reliable protocol to assess futsal shooting-skill performance; elite players have superior shooting and passing skill and have greater sprinting and intermittent-running ability.
AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF WINE ECONOMISTS AAWE WORKING PAPER No . 35 Economics WHEN DOES THE PRICE AFFECT THE TASTE ? RESULTS FROM A WINE EXPERIMENT

We designed an experiment that examines how knowledge about the price of a good, and the time at which the information is received, affects how the good is experienced. The good in question was wine, and the price was either high or low. Our results suggest that hosts offering wine to guests can safely reveal the price: much is gained if the wine is expensive, and little is lost if it is cheap. Disclosing the high price before tasting the wine produces considerably higher ratings, although only from women. Disclosing the low price, by contrast, does not result in lower ratings. Our finding indicates that price not only serves to clear markets, it also serves as a marketing tool; it influences expectations that in turn shape a consumer’s experience. In addition, our results suggest that men and women respond differently to attribute information. JEL classification: C91, D03, D83, M31.
Knowledge and practice of preventive measures in small industries in Al-Khobar.

OBJECTIVE The specific objective of this study was to assess the knowledge and practice of workers in small industries regarding preventive measures of occupational hazards. METHODS Three workshops were randomly selected from each of the 8 types of industries in the industrial area. This gave a total sample of 24 workshops. From each of these, at least one worker was selected giving a total of 33 workers. All selected workers were interviewed using a standard questionnaire. A checklist on the conditions of the shop and availability of essential safety equipment was also designed. RESULTS All workers were young non-Saudis. More than half of them (58%) were smokers. Nine percent of the workers had no knowledge of preventive measures. About 12% used personal protective measures all the time while 60% did not use any. Workers were exposed to a variety of occupational hazards with injuries and accidents forming the majority (39%). CONCLUSIONS Knowledge of workers in small industries about occupational hazards and their use of protective measures was inadequate. Workers were exposed to a variety of occupational hazards mainly accidents and injuries.
Rigidity and persistence of three and higher dimensional formations

In this paper,we generalize the notion of persistence, which has been originally introduced for two-dimensional formations, to Rd for d ≥ 3, seeking to provide a theoretical framework for real world applications, which often are in three-dimensional space as opposed to the plane. We verify that many of the properties of rigid and/or persistent formations established in R2 are also valid for higher dimensions. Analysing the closed subgraphs and directed paths in persistent graphs, we derive some further properties of persistent formations. We also provide an easily checkable necessary condition for persistence.
Some Properties of Unitary Cayley Graphs

The unitary Cayley graph $X_n$ has vertex set $Z_n=\{0,1, \ldots ,n-1\}$. Vertices $a, b$ are adjacent, if gcd$(a-b,n)=1$. For $X_n$ the chromatic number, the clique number, the independence number, the diameter and the vertex connectivity are determined. We decide on the perfectness of $X_n$ and show that all nonzero eigenvalues of $X_n$ are integers dividing the value $\varphi(n)$ of the Euler function.
Evidence for feedback in action from the molecular gas content in the z~1.6 outflowing QSO XID2028

Gas outflows are believed to play a pivotal role in shaping galaxies, as they regulate both star formation and black hole growth. Despite their ubiquitous presence, the origin and the acceleration mechanism of such powerful and extended winds is not yet understood. Direct observations of the cold gas component in objects with detected outflows at other wavelengths are needed to assess the impact of the outflow on the host galaxy interstellar medium (ISM). We observed with the Plateau de Bure Interferometer an obscured quasar at z~1.5, XID2028, for which the presence of an ionised outflow has been unambiguously signalled by NIR spectroscopy. The detection of CO(3-2) emission in this source allows us to infer the molecular gas content and compare it to the ISM mass derived from the dust emission. We then analyze the results in the context of recent insights on scaling relations, which describe the gas content of the overall population of star-forming galaxies at a similar redshifts. The Star formation efficiency (~100) and gas mass (M_gas=2.1-9.5x10^{10} M_sun) inferred from the CO(3-2) line depend on the underlying assumptions on the excitation of the transition and the CO-to-H2 conversion factor. However, the combination of this information and the ISM mass estimated from the dust mass suggests that the ISM/gas content of XID2028 is significantly lower than expected for its observed M$_\star$, sSFR and redshift, based on the most up-to-date calibrations (with gas fraction <20% and depletion time scale <340 Myr). Overall, the constraints we obtain from the far infrared and millimeter data suggest that we are observing QSO feedback able to remove the gas from the host