Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of self-help group in Jordan following treatment for breast cancer

Background/Rationale: Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. Recent findings found that self-help group is helpful for maintaining treatment regimens and coping with breast cancer and associated fears. However, there is a paucity of evidence on how a self-help group shapes women’s recovery, particularly in Jordan. Purpose of the Study/Setting: To investigate a breast cancer self-help group in Jordan. Study Design/Methods: Interpretative approach, with semi-structured interviews. A purposive sample of 34 participants was recruited from the King Hussein Cancer Centre comprising 15 women with breast cancer who participated in Sanad group; 13 non-participating women; and six health care professionals (two nurses and four social workers). Data Analysis: All qualitative data were analysed thematically using NVivo 9 software. Findings: The analysis revealed five categories and thirteen sub-categories. The first category was about decision-making: “finding other ways” involving two sub-categories focusing on the influences on making decisions and alternatives. The second category focused on the meaning of Sanad to women, involving three sub-categories, namely “getting out of the capsule”, “being part of a new family” and “learning from each other”. The third category focused on the perceived tensions in effective meetings involving two sub-categories: “it depends on who attends: behaviours and attributes in Sanad” and “from cohesion to disruption: dealing with loss in Sanad”. The fourth category was about ideas of recovery for Sanad members and involved three sub-categories, namely “from isolation to ‘recharging my battery’”, “from reluctance to acceptance” and “from hopelessness to hopefulness”. The fifth category addressed the ideas of recovery for non-attendees involving three sub-categories, from “being glued to my room to being attached to outside world”, “from hopelessness to depression” and “from hesitation to rejection of the treatment plan”. It was found that dominating the meetings, being sarcastic and underestimating the feelings of others play a major negative role in shaping discussions and create communication difficulties in Sanad meetings. Indeed, the current analysis shows a lack of hope among non-attendees of Sanad, feelings of helplessness, and negative attitudes towards treatment itself. A conceptual model involving three spheres (family, Sanad and recovery) was designed to assist nurses in identifying factors affecting women’s decisions about joining Sanad or not. Conclusion: The recovery process following attending Sanad is multifaceted, thus it is important to examine women’s values and needs, because the group is not homogeneous and commonality in terms of diagnosis is insufficient. Unless the components of the model proposed in this thesis and how they affect each other are understood by health professionals, addressing individual and social factors influencing women’s recovery is highly complex.
Up- and downshoot in Duane's retraction syndrome.

: Up- and downshoot of the adducted eye in patients with Duane's retraction syndrome was surgically eliminated in five patients by posterior fixation of the horizontal rectus muscles. Retroequatorial fixation of these muscles reduces sideslip and thus a vertical effect of the co-contracting horizontal rectus muscles.
Non-profit Organizations

The second edition of this widely acclaimed and extensively cited collection of original contributions by specialist authors reflects changes in the field of cultural economics over the last eight years. Thoroughly revised chapters alongside new topics and contributors bring the Handbook up to date, taking into account new research, literature and the impact of new technologies in the creative industries.
Instructional Podcasting with Undergraduate Digital Natives

This paper analyzes the use of instructional podcasts with students in introductory computer application classes at a small, independent, private university. Participants were all undergraduates in the school of education. In an effort to model effective use of instructional technology for preservice teachers and to “meet digital native students where they live,” the course instructor created podcasts to augment class instruction and create a 21st century learning environment. Focus groups were conducted to capture students’ perceptions of these supplemental podcasts. Surprisingly, the majority of these digital native participants reported that instructional podcasts were not beneficial to them because of their lack of time, lack of familiarity with the technology, resistance to using instructional technologies, preference for face-to-face instruction and reluctance to make the time commitment.
Effects of Hurricane Katrina and Other Adverse Life Events on Adolescent Female Offenders: A Test of General Strain Theory

This study tested Agnew’s General Strain Theory (GST) by examining the roles of anger, anxiety, and maladaptive coping in mediating the relationship between strain and three outcomes (serious delinquency, minor delinquency, and continued involvement in the juvenile justice system) among adolescent female offenders (N = 261). Strains consisted of adverse life events and exposure to Hurricane Katrina. Greater exposure to Hurricane Katrina was directly related to serious delinquency and maladaptive coping. Hurricane Katrina also had an indirect effect on minor delinquency and Post— Katrina juvenile justice involvement mediated through maladaptive coping. Adverse life events were associated with increased anger, anxiety, and maladaptive coping. Anger mediated the relationship between adverse life events and serious delinquency. Anxiety mediated the relationship between adverse life events and minor delinquency. Maladaptive coping strategies were associated with minor delinquency and juvenile justice involvement. Findings lend support to GST.
Do You Know What I Know? The Impact of Participant Role in Children's Referential Communication

For successful language use, interlocutors must be able to accurately assess their shared knowledge (“common ground”). Such knowledge can be accumulated through linguistic and non-linguistic context, but the same context can be associated with different patterns of knowledge, depending on the interlocutor's participant role (Wilkes-Gibbs and Clark, 1992). Although there is substantial evidence that children's ability to model partners' knowledge develops gradually, most such evidence focuses on non-linguistic context. We investigated the extent to which 8- to 10-year-old children can assess common ground developed through prior linguistic context, and whether this is sensitive to variations in participant role. Children repeatedly described tangram figures to another child, and then described the same figures to a third child who had been a side-participant, an overhearer, or absent during the initial conversation. Children showed evidence of partner modeling, producing shorter referential expressions with repeated mention to the same partner. Moreover, they demonstrated sensitivity to differences in common ground with the third child based on participant role on some but not all measures (e.g., description length, but not definiteness). Our results suggest that by ten, children make distinctions about common ground accumulated through prior linguistic context but do not yet consistently deploy this knowledge in an adult-like way.
Evaluations of Self and Others: Self-Enhancement Biases in Social Judgments

Three investigations are reported that examined the relation between self-appraisals and appraisals of others. In Experiment 1, subjects rated a series of valenced trait adjectives according to how well the traits described the self and others. Individuals displayed a pronounced “self-other bias,” such that positive attributes were rated as more descriptive of self than of others, whereas negative attributes were rated as less descriptive of self than of others. Furthermore, in contrast to C. R. Rogers's (1951) assertion that high self-esteem is associated with a comparable regard for others, the tendency for individuals to evaluate the self in more favorable terms than they evaluated people in general was particularly pronounced among those with high self-esteem. These findings were replicated and extended in Experiment 2, where it also was found that self-evaluations were more favorable than were evaluations of a friend and that individuals with high self-esteem were most likely to appraise their friend.
Automated knowledge acquisition for instructional text generation

Language generation systems have often been advocated for use in the generation of user documentation, but in practice, it is hard to use them because of the amount of knowledge they require as input. Without a readily available source of input, the knowledge acquisition bottleneck will prevent generation technology from ever being used. Unfortunately, knowledge acquisition for any domain-varying language generation application is difficult because there is seldom any single knowledge source or acquisition method that is adequate for acquiring the appropriate knowledge. This paper argues that this required knowledge can, in practice, be acquired from a heterogeneous set of complementary sources. It then presents Isolde, a support environment for technical writers that can mine these sources using an extensible set of specially tailored acquisition tools. These tools acquire instructional knowledge on-the-fly and consolidate it into a knowledge base that can drive instructional text generation.
Normative Framing and Public Attitudes toward Biofuels Policies

Although the power of elite issue frames to shape public attitudes toward different policies is well established, the relative influence of different types of frames in competitive framing environments remains uncertain. For example, we do not fully understand the relative influence of economic versus normative frames on the public's policy attitudes, despite the common use of both types of frames to promote the same policy in many settings. Using data from a 2010 national Internet survey, this paper investigates the relative influence of economic versus normative frames on public attitudes toward the contentious policy issue of biofuels. The results indicate the importance of normative frames in shaping public attitudes on this issue, suggesting the relevance of normative frames more generally in shaping public opinion beyond the narrow confines of typical “morality” policies such as abortion or gambling.
A Novel Artificial Intelligence Method for Weekly Dietary Menu Planning

Summary Objectives: Menu planning is an important part of per-sonalized lifestyle counseling. The paper describes the results of an automated menu generator (MenuGene) of the web-based lifestyle counseling system Cordelia that provides personalized advice to prevent cardiovascular diseases. Methods: The menu generator uses genetic algorithms to prepare weekly menus for web users. The objectives are derived from personal medical data collected via forms in Cordelia, combined with general nutritional guidelines. The weekly menu is modeled as a multilevel structure. Results: Results show that the genetic algorithm-based method succeeds in planning dietary menus that satisfy strict numerical constraints on every nutritional level (meal, daily basis, weekly basis). The rule-based assessment proved capable of manipulating the mean occurrence of the nutritional components thus providing a method for adjusting the variety and harmony of the menu plans. Conclusions: By splitting the problem into well determined sub-problems, weekly menu plans that satisfy nutritional constraints and have well assorted components can be generated with the same method that is for daily and meal plan generation.
Concurrence ou solidarité entre «jeunes» et «vieux» : les attitudes des lycéens en France

Résumé Baccaini (Brigitte), Gani (Léon). - Concurrence ou solidarité entre «jeunes» et « vieux » : les attitudes des lycéens en France À partir des résultats d'une enquête menée en 1996 auprès d'élèves de classes terminales (filières générales et technologiques) cet article analyse les opinions des lycéens concernant les relations intergénérationnelles et la place des personnes âgées dans la vie économique et sociale. Les résultats confirment l'existence, chez une majorité d'élèves, d'une crainte de la concurrence exercée par les personnes âgées sur le marché du travail, cette anxiété étant plus forte dans les milieux populaires, dans les filières technologiques et dans les régions où le poids démographique des personnes âgées est le plus important. Les opinions des lycéens quant au rôle des familles dans la prise en charge des personnes âgées paraissent plus nuancées. Ils sont en effet très attachés au soutien affectif des personnes âgées tout en considérant majoritairement que c'est au gouvernement qu'il revient d'assurer leur prise en charge. Il semble par ailleurs que ces attitudes envers les personnes âgées soient liées au niveau de connaissances des élèves sur les questions de population, les lycéens les moins « armés » de ce point de vue faisant plus souvent preuve d'un moindre esprit de solidarité à l'égard des personnes âgées.
Eye-gaze distance estimation based on gray-level intensity of image patch

This paper proposes an eye-gaze distance estimation technique based on the gray-level intensity of a single image patch from a single camera. The proposed measuring system is easy to estimate the distance between a user's eye and a computer screen. For eye gaze distance estimation, the eye gaze image is reflected by two infrared light emitting diodes attached on the vertical center of the left and right frame of a computer screen. The images are captured using a camera with a lens with focal length of 25 mm. The proposed method is tested on five users. The results are 95.64 % accuracy using linear least squares method and 96.54 % accuracy using least squares second order polynomial. The absolute errors for distance estimation are 2.97 cm and 2.47 cm using the linear least square and the least squares polynomial, respectively. The comparison shows the proposed method performs better than the pixel counts method and the two-eye distance based method.
Low-voltage, large-scan angle MEMS analog micromirror arrays with hidden vertical comb-drive actuators

This paper reports on novel polysilicon surface-micromachined one-dimensional (1-D) analog micromirror arrays fabricated using Sandia's ultraplanar multilevel MEMS technology-V (SUMMiT-V) process. Large continuous DC scan angle (23.6/spl deg/ optical) and low-operating voltage (6 V) have been achieved using vertical comb-drive actuators. The actuators and torsion springs are placed underneath the mirror (137/spl times/120 /spl mu/m/sup 2/) to achieve high fill-factor (91%). The measured resonant frequency of the mirror ranges from 3.4 to 8.1 kHz. The measured DC scanning characteristics and resonant frequencies agree well with theoretical values. The rise time is 120 /spl mu/s and the fall time is 380 /spl mu/s. The static scanning characteristics show good uniformity (</spl plusmn/3.2%) for a 1 /spl times/ 10 array with a mirror pitch of 150 /spl mu/m. The mechanical crosstalk between adjacent mirrors is less than 37 dB. These micromirror arrays have applications in 1/spl times/N wavelength-selective switches and N/spl times/N wavelength-selective crossconnects in wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) networks.
2‐Acetylindan‐1,3‐dione and its Cu2+ and Zn2+ complexes as promising sunscreen agents

In continuation of a previous spectroscopic and quantum chemical study on 2‐acetylindan‐1,3‐dione (2AID), the spectral properties and photostability of 2AID and its Cu2+ and Zn2+ complexes in different solvents are reported. Comparison is made with the photostability of two commercially available sunscreens: benzophenone‐3 and octylmethoxycinnamate. 2AID exhibits a higher photostability, high molar absorption coefficient (42 000 m−1 cm−1) at λmax and broad‐spectrum UV‐protection properties.
The predictor status of personality variables: etiological significance and their role in the course of disease

In this paper the role of personality in the onset and course of coronary heart disease (CHD) and cancer is described. When the role of personality as an etiologic factor in the onset of disease is considered, the overall conclusion is that the evidence supporting this notion is generally weak. Only for hostility a consistent but weak association with CHD is found across studies. Even then, the results are not equivocal and several limitations of the conducted studies complicate firm statements. Specifically with respect to cancer, the prospective studies reviewed do not lend support for a causal role of personality in the onset of cancer. Related to the course of both CHD and cancer, it is more evident that personality, or variables closely related to personality, shows a relation to either survival or symptoms. It is interesting to see that there is some evidence supporting the influence of the non‐expression of emotions under the condition of distress. In fact a taxonomy proposed by Denollet et al. (1996) resembles the Type C cancer personality trait. Both traits are linked to higher scores on neuroticism and introversion. In the discussion some possible pathways linking personality and disease are described. These models illustrate the need to carry out prospective studies focused on a broad range of personality variables and disease relevant behaviour and biological markers. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Variants in the Plasmacytoma Variant Translocation Gene (PVT1) Are Associated With End-Stage Renal Disease Attributed to Type 1 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE— End-stage renal disease (ESRD) attributed to diabetes is strongly dependent on genetic factors. We previously reported association between variants in the plasmacytoma variant translocation gene (PVT1) and ESRD attributed to type 2 diabetes in Pima Indians. The objective of this study was to evaluate the extent to which these variants mediate susceptibility in other populations. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— We genotyped 24 markers showing the strongest evidence for association in Pima Indians in unrelated Caucasians with type 1 diabetes from the Genetics of Kidneys in Diabetes (GoKinD) study. The study sample was comprised of 531 case subjects with ESRD and 564 control subjects with diabetes duration >20 years and a maximum urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio <150 mg/g. RESULTS— Markers rs13447075 (odds ratio [OR] 1.47 [95% CI 1.14–1.89] per copy of A allele; P = 0.003) and rs2648862 (2.66 [1.19–5.92] per copy of C allele; P = 0.008) were strongly associated with ESRD in analyses adjusting for age2, age3, duration of diabetes, and smoking status. We further identified a common haplotype containing the C allele at rs10808565 and the A allele at rs13447075 that was associated with ESRD (P = 0.003). PVT1 gene expression yields several isoforms, and rs13447075 is located within the coding region of one of these transcript variants. We identified expression of this isoform in four major human kidney cell types, including mesangial, cortical epithelial, epithelial, and proximal tubule cells. CONCLUSIONS— These results are the first to provide confirmatory evidence supporting a role for PVT1 in mediating susceptibility to ESRD attributable to diabetes.
Maximizers, Satisficers, and Their Satisfaction With and Preferences for Reversible Versus Irreversible Decisions

Previous research on decision reversibility has found that, although people believe they prefer reversible decisions, irreversible decisions yield the most satisfaction. Two studies investigated whether these findings are moderated by individuals’ tendencies toward maximizing (decision making via extensive search for the best option) versus satisficing (decision making via less exhaustive search and less optimizing). Study 1 found that satisficers were more satisfied following an irreversible decision about a poster choice, whereas maximizers were more satisfied following a reversible decision. When a different group of participants in Study 2 were asked whether they would prefer the reversible or irreversible versions of Study 1, satisficers disproportionately chose the irreversible version, and maximizers disproportionately chose the reversible version; however, some extreme maximizers preferred the irreversible version as a means of preventing needless worry or second guessing. The results demonstrate that individual differences are likely to moderate even robust patterns of decision making and affective forecasting.
Wireless Access Point Localization Using Nonlinear Least Squares and Multi-Level Quality Control

Locations of WiFi access points (APs) are important for WiFi positioning when a propagation model is used. The pre-surveyed propagation parameters, such as the path-loss exponent, are usually not available when localizing the APs in a new environment. This letter introduces a novel method that estimates the AP locations and the parameters of the received signal strength (RSS) propagation model simultaneously using the weighted nonlinear least squares (NLLS) method. This method can run on consumer portable devices autonomously in real time without any a-priori information, and eliminate the need of pre-survey. Another contribution of this letter is to introduce a multi-level quality control mechanism, and utilize the statistical testing method in AP localization and propagation parameters (PPs) determination for the first time. Indoor experiments show that the proposed method provided more promising results than previous methods.
Screening and Quantification of the Expression of Antibiotic Resistance Genes in Acinetobacter baumannii with a Microarray

ABSTRACT An oligonucleotide-based DNA microarray was developed to evaluate expression of genes for efflux pumps in Acinetobacter baumannii and to detect acquired antibiotic resistance determinants. The microarray contained probes for 205 genes, including those for 47 efflux systems, 55 resistance determinants, and 35 housekeeping genes. The microarray was validated by comparative analysis of mutants overexpressing or deficient in the pumps relative to the parental strain. The performance of the microarray was also evaluated using in vitro single-step mutants obtained on various antibiotics. Overexpression, confirmed by quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR, of RND efflux pumps AdeABC, due to a G30D substitution in AdeS in a multidrug-resistant (MDR) strain obtained on gentamicin, and AdeIJK, in two mutants obtained on cefotaxime or tetracycline, was detected. A new efflux pump, AdeFGH, was found to be overexpressed in a mutant obtained on chloramphenicol. Study of MDR clinical isolates, including the AYE strain, whose entire sequence has been determined, indicated overexpression of AdeABC and of the chromosomally encoded cephalosporinase as well as the presence of several acquired resistance genes. The overexpressed and acquired determinants detected by the microarray could account for nearly the entire MDR phenotype of the isolates. The microarray is potentially useful for detection of resistance in A. baumannii and should allow detection of new efflux systems associated with antibiotic resistance.