Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adolescent Dating Violence

Past research suggests that adolescents whose parents are violent toward one another should be more likely to experience dating violence. Having friends in violent relationships also may increase the odds of dating violence. The authors examined which antecedent, friend dating violence or interparental violence, if either, is more strongly predictive of own dating violence perpetration and victimization. Five hundred and twenty-six adolescents (eighth and ninth graders) completed self-report questionnaires on two occasions over a 6-month period. Consistent with hypotheses, friend dating violence and interparental violence each exhibited unique cross-sectional associations with own perpetration and victimization. However, only friend violence consistently predicted later dating violence. The authors explored influence versus selection processes to explain the association between friend and own dating violence.
Synthesis and fluorescence characterization of pteridine adenosine nucleoside analogs for DNA incorporation.

Two fluorescent adenosine analogs, 4-amino-6-methyl-8-(2-deoxy-beta-d-ribofuranosyl)-7(8H)-pteridone (6MAP) and 4-amino-2,6-dimethyl-8-(2'-deoxy-beta-d-ribofuranosyl)-7(8H)-pteridone (DMAP), have been synthesized as phosphoramidites. These probes are site-selectively incorporated into oligonucleotides using automated DNA synthesis. Relative quantum yields are 0.39 for 6MAP and 0.48 for DMAP as monomers and range from >0.01 to 0.11 in oligonucleotides. Excitation maxima are 310 (6MAP) and 330 nm (DMAP) and the emission maximum for each is 430 nm. Fluorescence decay curves of each are monoexponential exhibiting lifetimes of 3.8 and 4.8 ns for 6MAP and DMAP, respectively. When these probes are incorporated into oligonucleotides they display quenching of fluorescence intensity, increases in the complexity of decay curves, and decreases in mean lifetimes. Because these changes are apparently mediated by interactions with neighboring bases, spectral changes that occur as probe-containing oligonucleotides meet and react with other molecules provide a means of monitoring these interactions in real time. These probes are minimally disruptive to DNA structure as evidenced by melting temperatures of probe-containing oligonucleotides that are very similar to those of controls. Digestion of probe-containing oligonucleotides with P1 nuclease confirms probe stability as fluorescence levels are restored to those expected for each monomer. These adenosine analog probes are capable of providing information on DNA structure as it responds to binding or catalysis through interaction with other molecules.
Krylov subspace methods for large linear systems of equations

When solving PDE's by means of numerical methods one often has to deal with large systems of linear equations, specifically if the PDE is time-independent or if the time-integrator is implicit. For real life problems, these large systems can often only be solved by means of some iterative method. Even if the systems are preconditioned, the basic iterative method often converges slowly or even diverges. We discuss and classify algebraic techniques to accelerate the basic iterative method. Our discussion includes methods like CG, GCR, ORTHODIR, GMRES, CGNR, Bi-CG and their modifications like GMRESR, CG-S, Bi- CGSTAB.We place them in a frame, discuss their convergence behavior and their advantages and drawbacks.
An Examination of the Psychologists' Attitudes Towards Complementary and Alternative Therapies Scale Within a Practitioner Sample

This study assessed the validity of a scale measuring psychologists' attitudes towards complementary and alternative therapies and compared the attitudes of psychologists with a previous sample of psychology students. The scale, derived from existing measures for medical professionals and previously tested on a sample of psychology students, was completed by practising psychologists (N = 122). The data were factor analysed, and three correlated subscales were identified, assessing the perceived importance of knowledge about available therapies, attitudes towards integration with psychological practice, and concerns about associated risks of use. This structure was similar, but not identical, to that found in a previous sample of psychology students; however, psychologists expressed more concern for risks associated with integration and were less likely to hold a positive attitude towards integration. This scale will be useful in gauging changes in psychologists' attitudes towards integrative practice over time.
The Continued Development of the Athletic Self-Appraisal Scale

The present study represents the continued development of the Athletic Self-Appraisal Scale (ASAS), formerly titled the General Sports Self-Efficacy Scale. Based on Bandura’s theory of self-efficacy and the resulting suggestions for appropriate scale construction, the authors present a measure that highlights the interdependent role of self-efficacy sources, known as self-appraisal. This measure includes item content specifically adhering to athletics in the four domains of self-appraisal including past experience, verbal persuasion, vicarious learning, and physiological cues. A nationwide sample included 501 participants from all three National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) divisions representing over half of the existing conferences therein. Student-athletes provided demographic information and responded to surveys detailing their athletic self-appraisal, general self-efficacy, athletic self-confidence, and locus of control. With regard to the psychometric properties, ASAS was found to be reliable and valid and factor analysis retained two factors (athletic success and athletic adversity). The results indicated significant ASAS score differences between athletes competing for different NCAA divisions, between different sports, between true team sports and true individual sports, and between those athletes who achieved athletic awards and those who did not. No significant differences were found between ASAS scores and gender, age, ethnicity, and educational level. Limitations to the present study are discussed, and suggestions for future research are also provided. Degree Type Dissertation Rights Terms of use for work posted in CommonKnowledge. Comments Library Use: LIH This dissertation is available at CommonKnowledge: http://commons.pacificu.edu/spp/221 Copyright and terms of use If you have downloaded this document directly from the web or from CommonKnowledge, see the “Rights” section on the previous page for the terms of use. If you have received this document through an interlibrary loan/document delivery service, the following terms of use apply: Copyright in this work is held by the author(s). You may download or print any portion of this document for personal use only, or for any use that is allowed by fair use (Title 17, §107 U.S.C.). Except for personal or fair use, you or your borrowing library may not reproduce, remix, republish, post, transmit, or distribute this document, or any portion thereof, without the permission of the copyright owner. [Note: If this document is licensed under a Creative Commons license (see “Rights” on the previous page) which allows broader usage rights, your use is governed by the terms of that license. ] Inquiries regarding further use of these materials should be addressed to: CommonKnowledge Rights, Pacific University Library, 2043 College Way, Forest Grove, OR 97116, (503) 352-7209. Email inquiries may be directed to:. copyright@pacificu.edu This dissertation is available at CommonKnowledge: http://commons.pacificu.edu/spp/221
For most large underdetermined systems of linear equations the minimal 𝓁1‐norm solution is also the sparsest solution

We consider linear equations y = Φx where y is a given vector in ℝn and Φ is a given n × m matrix with n < m ≤ τn, and we wish to solve for x ∈ ℝm. We suppose that the columns of Φ are normalized to the unit 𝓁2‐norm, and we place uniform measure on such Φ. We prove the existence of ρ = ρ(τ) > 0 so that for large n and for all Φ's except a negligible fraction, the following property holds: For every y having a representation y = Φx0 by a coefficient vector x0 ∈ ℝm with fewer than ρ · n nonzeros, the solution x1 of the 𝓁1‐minimization problem $${\rm min} \|x\|_{1} \;\;{subject \; to}\;\; \Phi x = y$$ is unique and equal to x0. In contrast, heuristic attempts to sparsely solve such systems—greedy algorithms and thresholding—perform poorly in this challenging setting. The techniques include the use of random proportional embeddings and almost‐spherical sections in Banach space theory, and deviation bounds for the eigenvalues of random Wishart matrices. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Neutral sphingomyelinase-induced ceramide triggers germinal vesicle breakdown and oxidant-dependent apoptosis in Xenopus laevis oocytes Published, JLR Papers in Press, June 7, 2007.

Ceramide regulates many cellular processes, including cell growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Although the effects of exogenous bacterial neutral sphingomyelinase (SMase) in Xenopus laevis oocytes have been investigated, its microinjection into oocytes has not been reported previously. Thus, we compared the incubation versus microinjection of the neutral Bacillus cereus sphingomyelinase (bSMase) to examine whether the topology of ceramide generation determines its effects on the fate of oocytes. In agreement with previous findings, incubation of mature stage VI oocytes with bSMase increased ceramide levels in oocyte extracts over time, causing the germinal vesicle breakdown indicative of maturation, without evidence of cytotoxicity. In contrast, bSMase microinjection, which increased ceramide levels in a time- and dose-dependent manner, resulted in oocyte apoptosis characterized by reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, reduced glutathione (GSH) depletion in cytosol and mitochondria, release of cytochrome c and Smac/Diablo from mitochondria, and caspase-3 activation. Microinjection of acidic SMase from human placenta recapitulated the apoptotic effects of bSMase microinjection. Preincubation of oocytes with GSH-ethyl ester before bSMase microinjection prevented ROS generation and mitochondrial downstream events, thus protecting oocytes from bSMase-induced death. These findings show a divergent action of bSMase-induced ceramide on oocyte maturation or apoptosis depending on the intracellular site where ceramide is generated.
Bulk Disambiguation of Speculative Threads in Multiprocessors

Transactional memory (TM), thread-level speculation (TLS), and checkpointed multiprocessors are three popular architectural techniques based on the execution of multiple, cooperating speculative threads. In these environments, correctly maintaining data dependences across threads requires mechanisms for disambiguating addresses across threads, invalidating stale cache state, and making committed state visible. These mechanisms are both conceptually involved and hard to implement. In this paper, we present bulk, a novel approach to simplify these mechanisms. The idea is to hash-encode a thread's access information in a concise signature, and then support in hardware signature operations that efficiently process sets of addresses. Such operations implement the mechanisms described. Bulk operations are inexact but correct, and provide substantial conceptual and implementation simplicity. We evaluate Bulk in the context of TLS using SPECint2000 codes and TM using multithreaded Java workloads. Despite its simplicity, Bulk has competitive performance with more complex schemes. We also find that signature configuration is a key design parameter
Predictive High Frequency effects of substrate coupling in 3D integrated circuits stacking

In 3D integrated circuits, substrate coupling effects due to propagation of High Frequency (HF) parasitic signals are carried by Through Silicon Vias (TSV). These electrical coupling leads to several impacts on performance of 3D circuits. In this paper, predictive HF electrical simulations are achieved by full wave analysis in order to make obvious the coupling effect due to TSVs presence. Solutions to reduce substrate coupling are proposed and discussed.
Dementia incidence trend over 1992-2014 in the Netherlands: Analysis of primary care data

Background Recent reports have suggested declining age-specific incidence rates of dementia in high-income countries over time. Improved education and cardiovascular health in early age have been suggested to be bringing about this effect. The aim of this study was to estimate the age-specific dementia incidence trend in primary care records from a large population in the Netherlands. Methods and findings A dynamic cohort representative of the Dutch population was composed using primary care records from general practice registration networks (GPRNs) across the country. Data regarding dementia incidence were obtained using general-practitioner-recorded diagnosis of dementia within the electronic health records. Age-specific dementia incidence rates were calculated for all persons aged 60 y and over; negative binomial regression analysis was used to estimate the time trend. Nine out of eleven GPRNs provided data on more than 800,000 older people for the years 1992 to 2014, corresponding to over 4 million person-years and 23,186 incident dementia cases. The annual growth in dementia incidence rate was estimated to be 2.1% (95% CI 0.5% to 3.8%), and incidence rates were 1.08 (95% CI 1.04 to 1.13) times higher for women compared to men. Despite their relatively low numbers of person-years, the highest age groups contributed most to the increasing trend. There was no significant overall change in incidence rates since the start of a national dementia program in 2003 (−0.025; 95% CI −0.062 to 0.011). Increased awareness of dementia by patients and doctors in more recent years may have influenced dementia diagnosis by general practitioners in electronic health records, and needs to be taken into account when interpreting the data. Conclusions Within the clinical records of a large, representative sample of the Dutch population, we found no evidence for a declining incidence trend of dementia in the Netherlands. This could indicate true stability in incidence rates, or a balance between increased detection and a true reduction. Irrespective of the exact rates and mechanisms underlying these findings, they illustrate that the burden of work for physicians and nurses in general practice associated with newly diagnosed dementia has not been subject to substantial change in the past two decades. Hence, with the ageing of Western societies, we still need to anticipate a dramatic absolute increase in dementia occurrence over the years to come.
Anomaly detection of building systems using energy demand frequency domain analysis

This paper presents and demonstrates a method to quickly identify when regular periodic activities, such as a daily night setback on a thermostat, are inappropriately configured or accidentally reset. Anomalies in periodic building operations are identified by analyzing smart meter electrical demand data in the frequency domain with a weekly travelling time window instead of using time domain functions such as load factor. Initial experiments on a real site found that spectral energy signals for periodic (frequency) hours of 4, 6, 8, 12 and days 1, 3.5 and 7 to be greatly reduced when a device is not functioning appropriately. In addition, the ratio of the DC offset (0 Hz) energy with the other higher periodic energies can normalize the periodic energies to a relative index that can then be used for comparing other seasons and other buildings for periodical performance.
Teaching Unprepared Students: Strategies for Promoting Success and Retention in Higher Education

Preface: Purpose of the Book Chapter I: Unprepared & At-Risk College Students: "Myth or Reality? " Chapter II: Philosophical Foundations: "Yes, They Can! " Chapter III: Setting the Tone the First Week of Class: "Sharing A Mission for Success" Chapter III: Begin with Consistent Contact: "Attendance That Matters" Chapter V: Learning Styles and The Science of Learning: Tapping Brain Power? Chapter VI: Embracing Learner-Centered Education: "Engaging Students" Chapter VII: Interweaving Assessment & Teaching: Where the Rubber Meets the Road? Chapter VIII: Grading Systems That Discourage Plagiarism & Cheating: Playing by the Rules? Chapter IX: Classroom Inclusion: "Encourage, Enrich, Empower" Chapter X: Civil Behavior in the Classroom: "Pardon the Interruption" Chapter XI: Additional Strategies for Helping At-Risk Students Catch-Up: "Bridging Prior-Knoledge Gaps" Chapter XII: Academic Support Centers: "Building Two-Way Streets" Epilog: Final Thoughts: "Promoting A Richer Campus Environment References Endnotes About the Author.
Positioning Ontario’s Character Development Initiative In/Through Its Policy Web of Relationships

Constructing a policy web of relationships is proposed as a useful way to identify and understand complex relationships between policies and their contexts. In Canada, the province of Ontario's Character Development Initiative (CDI) and its relationships to student achievement, citizenship education, and safe schools policies provide an illustrative example of the web’s utility. Mandated by the Ontario Ministry of Education, the Character Development Initiative was expected to be implemented by all publicly funded school boards during the 2007-2008 school year. This application of the policy web shows how what happens in one policy affects what happens in another and highlights relationships between policies that might be overlooked if one’s focus is limited to a single policy’s texts, practices, or influences alone. This example also shows how creating a policy web of relationships highlights issues, texts, practices, and ideas important across different policy fields and how a particular policy is positioned in relation to other policies. This knowledge may be used to support, resist, or influence policy at different levels. Mapping the relationships between policies using a web of relationships also provides historical understanding of the policies and knowledge about why policies (re)emerge at particular moments. La création d'un réseau de relations portant sur les politiques est évoquée comme façon utile d'identifier et de comprendre les rapports complexes entre les politiques et leurs contextes. Au Canada, l'initiative ontarienne nommée Initiative de développement du caractère, et ses liens avec le rendement des élèves, l'éducation à la citoyenneté et les politiques sur la sécurité à l'école, offre un exemple de l'utilité d'un tel réseau. On s'attendait à ce que l'initiative de développement du caractère, mandatée par le Ministère de l'éducation de l'Ontario, soit mise en œuvre par toutes les écoles publiques pendant l'année scolaire 2007-2008. Cette application de réseau de politiques démontre dans quelle mesure un changement dans une politique affecte l'évolution d'une autre, et fait ressortir des liens entre les politiques dont on ne tiendrait pas compte si on limitait notre attention aux textes, pratiques ou influences d'une seule politique. De plus, cet exemple illustre la façon dont un réseau de politiques fait ressortir d'une part, l'importance de questions, textes, pratiques et idées d'un domaine à l'autre et d'autre part, la position d'une politique par rapport aux autres. Ces connaissances peuvent servir à appuyer, rejeter ou influencer les politiques à divers niveaux. Un réseau de relations entre les politiques offre également un aperçu historique de celles-ci et une explication de leur émergence à des moments donnés.
Using Graphs to Derive CSP Heuristics and its Application to Sudoku

This paper presents a general purpose methodology to derive new heuristics for constraint satisfaction problems using the information contained in an auxiliary graph. The method is then applied to implement a powerful heuristic for Sudoku which is ‘almost perfect’ in the sense that a depth first search procedure needs very few backtracks to solve the 16x16 puzzle. The heuristic uses a least-constraining tie break for variable ordering, something very unusual in CSP domains. The paper also presents a minimal set of logical rules which the authors conjecture to solve all 9x9 Sudoku grids with unique solution with just one level of recursion at most.
Towards accurate kidnap resolution through deep learning

This paper presents a six degree of freedom position regression CNN (convolutional neural network) based on Google's Inception-V4 CNN. This network is then evaluated quantitatively and compared to previous state-of-the-art position regression CNNs. Our model achieves a 22% and 51% relative improvement compared to previous state-of-the-art methods for position and orientation accuracy respectively. A modular system for integrating our model into probabilistic localization algorithms for accurate kidnap resolution and global metric initialization in real-time is also introduced and evaluated. This modular system is able to globally initialize 85% of the time in under 70ms. If the robot is allowed to rotate in place and capture multiple views, this rises to 95%.
Putting pointer analysis to work

This paper addresses the problem of how to apply pointer analysis to a wide variety of compiler applications. We are not presenting a new pointer analysis. Rather, we focus on putting two existing pointer analyses, points-to analysis and connection analysis, to work.We demonstrate that the fundamental problem is that one must be able to compare the memory locations read/written via pointer indirections, at different program points, and one must also be able to summarize the effect of pointer references over regions in the program. It is straightforward to compute read/write sets for indirections involving stack-directed pointers using points-to information. However, for heap-directed pointers we show that one needs to introduce the notion of anchor handles into the connection analysis and then express read/write sets to the heap with respect to these anchor handles.Based on the read/write sets we show how to extend traditional analyses like common subexpression elimination, loop-invariant removal and location-invariant removal to include pointer references. We also demonstrate the use of our information on more advanced techniques such as array dependence testing and program understanding. We have implemented our techniques in our McCAT C compiler, and we demonstrate examples of applying our methods on a set of pointer-intensive C benchmarks, as well as present concrete empirical data on the improvements achieved.
The Origin of the Giant Hall Effect in Metal-Insulator Composites

Near the metal-insulator transition, the Hall coefficient R of metal-insulator composites (M-I composite) can be up to 104 times larger than that in the pure metal called Giant Hall effect. Applying the physical model for alloys with phase separation developed in [1] [2], we conclude that the Giant Hall effect is caused by an electron transfer away from the metallic phase to the insulating phase occupying surface states. These surface states are the reason for the granular structure typical for M-I composites. This electron transfer can be described by [1] [2], provided that long-range diffusion does not happen during film production (n is the electron density in the phase A. uA and uB are the volume fractions of the phase A (metallic phase) and phase B (insulator phase). β is a measure for the average potential difference between the phases A and B). A formula for calculation of R of composites is derived and applied to experimental data of granular Cu1-y(SiO2)y and Ni1-y(SiO2)y films.