Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Natural variation in embryo mechanics: gastrulation in Xenopus laevis is highly robust to variation in tissue stiffness

How sensitive is morphogenesis to the mechanical properties of embryos? To estimate an upper bound on the sensitivity of early morphogenetic movements to tissue mechanical properties, we assessed natural variability in the apparent stiffness among gastrula‐stage Xenopus laevis embryos. We adapted micro‐aspiration methods to make repeated, nondestructive measurements of apparent tissue stiffness in whole embryos. Stiffness varied by close to a factor of 2 among embryos within a single clutch. Variation between clutches was of similar magnitude. On the other hand, the direction of change in stiffness over the course of gastrulation was the same in all embryos and in all clutches. Neither pH nor salinity—two environmental factors we predicted could affect variability in nature—affected tissue stiffness. Our results indicate that gastrulation in X. laevis is robust to at least twofold variation in tissue stiffness. Developmental Dynamics 238:2–18, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Stability Evaluation of Interconnected Multi-Inverter Microgrids Through Critical Clusters

This paper proposes the notion of “critical cluster” in inverter based droop controlled microgrids, thus representing the neighborhood of the distributed generation units that determines the small signal stability margin of the entire system. The clustering starts from the lowest impedance electrical connection between distributed generators, termed as “critical line”. At first, the systematic study of few similar microgrids by means of the eigenvalue analysis of their small signal models reveals the correlation between the location of their dominant low frequency modes and the individual connections between neighboring inverters. Second, the sensitivity analysis of active power droop gain with respect to network parameters confirms the previous findings and shows the dominating effect of the critical line's impedance. Simulations and small signal analysis studies assess the impact of the choice of various interconnection points when two individual droop controlled islanded microgrids are connected to form a single microgrid. At the same time, simplified models on the basis of critical clusters allow the effective approximation of the stability margin corresponding to the original systems. The results reveal that different interconnection points lead to strong variations in the performance of the coupled microgrid both in terms of transient response and small signal stability.
Vehicle Recognition Using Curvelet Transform and SVM

This paper proposes the performance of a new algorithm for vehicles recognition system. This recognition system is based on extracted features on the performance of image's curvelet transform and achieving standard deviation of curvelet coefficients matrix in different scales and various orientations. The curvelet transform is a multiscale transform with frame elements indexed by location, scale and orientation parameters, and have time-frequency localization properties of wavelets but also shows a very high degree of directionality and anisotropy. This paper presents the application of three different types of classifiers to the vehicle recognition. They include of support vector machine (one versus one), k nearest-neighbor and support vector machine (one versus all). In addition, the proposed recognition system is obtained by using different scales information as feature vector. So, we could clarify the most important scales in aspect of having useful information. The performed numerical experiments for vehicles recognition have shown the superiority of curvelet and standard deviation preprocessing, which are associated with the support vector machine structure (one versus one). The results of this test show, the right recognition rate of vehicle's model in this recognition system, at the time of using total scales information numbers 3&4 curvelet coefficients matrix is about 99%. We've gathered a data set that includes of 300 images from 5 different classes of vehicles. These 5 classes of vehicles include of: PEUGEOT 206, PEUGEOT 405, Pride, RENAULT55 and Peykan. We've examined 230 pictures as our train data set and 70 pictures as our test data set
Anthropology and Psychoanalysis: A Personal Concordance

I am very much honoured to have been asked to contribute to this Festschrift for Ronnie Frankenberg and to feel that in a sense we are together again in bringing our anthropological gaze to look once more at our own society. For many years I have been actively engaged in psychoanalytic practice and teaching, and to a superficial eye it might look as if I have abandoned the discipline that Ronnie and I hold so dear. But, as I try to show in this article, the fundamental way of thinking in psychoanalysis is surprisingly similar to that of social anthropology – the content is different but the mode of thought is the same. Ronnie and I used to be told that what we were doing was ‘not anthropology’ – and it pleases me greatly not only to contribute to his Festschrift but also to show that I have continued our essential approach even though it has found another home. The invitation to contribute to Ronnie Frankenberg’s festschrift has encouraged me to think about my own relationship to anthropology as it was practiced in the 1950s, and to reflect on my subsequent career. Unlike Ronnie, I did not remain a practicing anthropologist, and indeed, for many years various friends and colleagues have asked me the difficult question about why I left anthropology for psychoanalysis, as well as how these two disciplines related to each other. I am at last trying to answer. This will be rather an autobiographical account, and although I don’t imagine you will be interested in the personal side of it, I ask you to put up with it because it is an aspect of the method I usually find myself using in both disciplines – first the story, then the principles. But I want to show in my account that I have never really left behind those heady days when I found anthropology – or perhaps it would be more accurate to say that anthropology found me. My work in psychoanalysis has continued to be coloured by these early years, and by my anthropological training of this time, in ways which I want to illuminate here. I started to become an anthropologist when I was 18, living in Toronto, Canada, when my then boyfriend, Erving Goffman, got me to read Emile Durkheim. Life has never been the same since. Eighteen is the age when one is looking for the answer, and in the early 1940s it was usually Marx or Freud, but Durkheim got there first. I had tried Freud when I was 16, but found his
Breastfeeding Practice in Zhejiang Province, PR China, in the Context of Melamine-contaminated Formula Milk

A prospective cohort study of 1,520 mothers from Zhejiang province of China was undertaken to determine the duration of breastfeeding and associated factors during the first six months postpartum. Most (95.3%) mothers had introduced complementary foods by six months, making them at risk from contaminated infant formula. The mean duration of ‘any breastfeeding’ was greater than 180 days but only 48 days for ‘exclusive breastfeeding’. Factors relating to cessation of any breastfeeding were maternal age, timing of the breastfeeding decision, admission of the infant to a special-care nursery, return of the mother to work, the early introduction of water and/or other complementary foods, and their location of residence. The introduction of infant formula before three months was positively associated with the late decision to breastfeed, births in city, and infants being given a prelacteal feed. To combat the melamine disaster, strategies to improve the duration of breastfeeding must be developed taking these factors into account.
Low-Complexity Direct and Iterative Volume Integral Equation Solvers With a Minimal-Rank ${\mathcal H}^2$-Representation for Large-Scale Three-Dimensional Electrodynamic Analysis

Low-complexity iterative and direct solvers are developed for the volume integral equation (VIE) based general large-scale electrodynamic analysis. The dense VIE system matrix is first represented by a new cluster-based multilevel low-rank representation. In this representation, all the admissible blocks associated with a single cluster are grouped together and represented by a single low-rank block, whose rank is minimized based on prescribed accuracy. From such an initial representation, an efficient algorithm is developed to generate a minimal-rank <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathcal H}^2$</tex-math></inline-formula>-matrix representation. This representation facilitates faster computation, and ensures the same minimal rank's growth rate with electrical size as evaluated from singular value decomposition. For the minimal-rank representation whose rank grows with electrical size linearly for a prescribed accuracy, we develop linear-complexity <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathcal H}^2$ </tex-math></inline-formula>-matrix-based storage and matrix-vector multiplication, and thereby an <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(N)$</tex-math></inline-formula> iterative VIE solver. Moreover, we develop an <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(N\text{log}N)$</tex-math></inline-formula> matrix inversion, and hence a fast <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$O(N\text{log}N)$</tex-math></inline-formula> <italic>direct</italic> VIE solver for large-scale electrodynamic analysis. Both theoretical analysis and numerical simulations of large-scale one-, two-, and three-dimensional structures on a single-core CPU, resulting in millions of unknowns, have demonstrated the low complexity and superior performance of the proposed VIE electrodynamic solvers.
Behavioral Economics of Organizations

This essay analyzes how behavioral economics can be applied to organizations. and how it can be enriched by thinking about the economic questions associated with economic organization. Behavioral economics modifies the standard economic model to account for psychophysical properties of preference and judgment, which create limits on rational calculation, willpower, and greed (see, for example, Rabin 1998; Mullainathan and Thaler 2001; Camerer and Loewenstein 2004). The modified economics theory aims at providing parsimonious and psychologically sound explanations for empirical findings that the standard model has a tough time explaining. From a methodological perspective, behavioral economics is simply a humble approach to economics, which respects the comparative empirical advantages of neighboring social sciences and sees neighboring sciences as trading partners. The empirical regularity and constructs carefully explored by those neighboring fields are presumed to be an important input which should often trump the seduction of mathematically elegant economic theories that are empirically unmotivated. Thinking about organizations naturally extends the definition of behavioral economics to include how socialization, networks, and identity shape individual behavior in organizations (see, for example, Akerlof and Kranton 2005; Gibbons 2004b). As such, the behavioral economics of organizations involve both a special challenge and opportunity. Consider how behavioral finance has developed as an academic discipline, and how behavioral organizational economics could develop. Until 1990 or so, finance was arguably the area of economics most hostile to the idea that psychologicallimits matter for the focus of the field's attention-namely, stock price movements. Since then, there has been a dramatic shift in the amount of careful
Chemokine Receptor Expression in Cutaneous T cell and NK/T-cell Lymphomas: Immunohistochemical Staining and In Vitro Chemotactic Assay

Interactions between chemokines and chemokine receptors are involved in migration and invasion of lymphoma cells. We investigated expression profiles of CXCR3 and CCR4 by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry, and their biologic behaviors by real-time horizontal chemotaxis assay in cutaneous T cell and NK/T-cell lymphomas (TCLs). Tumor cells in mycosis fungoides (MF) constantly expressed CXCR3 at the patch stage, and expressed CCR4 at the tumor stage and in the folliculotropic variant of MF. Neoplastic cells at the plaque stage expressed CXCR3 and/or CCR4. Sezary cells in the dermis and circulation were positive for CCR4. Epidermotropic atypical cells in pagetoid reticulosis expressed CXCR3. CD30+ cells exclusively expressed CCR4 in anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, and CXCR3 and/or CCR4 in lymphomatoid papulosis. In CD8+TCL and extranodal NK/TCL characterized by extensive epidermotropism, tumor cells were positive for CXCR3. These data demonstrated preferential expression of CXCR3 in epidermotropic tumor cells, and of CCR4 in dermis-based lymphomas. In chemotaxis assays, CCR4+ tumor cells in MF and CXCR3+ tumor cells in CD8+TCL migrated to thymus and activation-regulated chemokine and inducible protein-10, respectively. Therefore, spatial and temporal interactions between chemokine receptors and their ligands seem to dictate recruitment and retention of lymphoma cells in the skin.
Crude Oil Treatment Leads to Shift of Bacterial Communities in Soils from the Deep Active Layer and Upper Permafrost along the China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline Route

The buried China-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline (CRCOP) across the permafrost-associated cold ecosystem in northeastern China carries a risk of contamination to the deep active layers and upper permafrost in case of accidental rupture of the embedded pipeline or migration of oil spills. As many soil microbes are capable of degrading petroleum, knowledge about the intrinsic degraders and the microbial dynamics in the deep subsurface could extend our understanding of the application of in-situ bioremediation. In this study, an experiment was conducted to investigate the bacterial communities in response to simulated contamination to deep soil samples by using 454 pyrosequencing amplicons. The result showed that bacterial diversity was reduced after 8-weeks contamination. A shift in bacterial community composition was apparent in crude oil-amended soils with Proteobacteria (esp. α-subdivision) being the dominant phylum, together with Actinobacteria and Firmicutes. The contamination led to enrichment of indigenous bacterial taxa like Novosphingobium, Sphingobium, Caulobacter, Phenylobacterium, Alicylobacillus and Arthrobacter, which are generally capable of degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The community shift highlighted the resilience of PAH degraders and their potential for in-situ degradation of crude oil under favorable conditions in the deep soils.
Resilience Optimization for Complex Engineered Systems Based on the Multi-Dimensional Resilience Concept

Most traditional engineered syrtems are designed with a passive and fixed reliability capability and just required to achieve a possibly low level of failure occurrence. However, as the complexity at spatial-temporal scales and integrations increases, modern complex engineered systems (CESs) are facing new challenges of inherent risk and bottleneck for a successful and safe operation through the system life cycle when potential expected or unexpected disruptive events happen. As a prototype for ensuring the successful operation of inherently risky systems, resilience has demonstrated itself to be a promising concept to address the above-mentioned challenges. A standard multi-dimensional resilience triangle model is first presented based on the concept of the three-phase system resilience cycle, which can provide a theoretical foundation for indicating the utility objectives of resilience design. Then, the resilience design problem for CESs is proposed as a multi-objective optimization model, in which the three objectives are to maximize the survival probability, to maximize the reactive timeliness and to minimize the total budgeted cost. Furthermore, the proposed multi-objective optimization programming is solved based on the efficient multi-objective evolutionary algorithm NSGA-II. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed models and solving procedure is illustrated with an engineered electro-hydrostatic aircraft control actuator resilience design problem, a comparative analysis on the case study is also carried out with respect to previous works. This work can provide an effective tradeoff foundation to improve the resilience of CESs.
Diminished sensitivity of audiovisual temporal order in autism spectrum disorder

We examined sensitivity of audiovisual temporal order in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using an audiovisual temporal order judgment (TOJ) task. In order to assess domain-specific impairments, the stimuli varied in social complexity from simple flash/beeps to videos of a handclap or a speaking face. Compared to typically-developing controls, individuals with ASD were generally less sensitive in judgments of audiovisual temporal order (larger just noticeable differences, JNDs), but there was no specific impairment with social stimuli. This suggests that people with ASD suffer from a more general impairment in audiovisual temporal processing.
English Reading Comprehension of 9th Grade Students in Iceland

This study focuses on how reading comprehension in English has evolved among primary school students in Iceland from the years 1983. 146 9th grade students in 4 primary schools in Reykjavik, Iceland retook standardized reading comprehension examinations from the years 1983, 1997 and 2008 and their results were analysed, compared and correlated with the original test taker‟s results. The 2012 test takers performed marginally higher in the 1983 standardized examination than the original test takers, but scored lower than the original 1997 test takers, and scored even lower on the 2008 examination. The results showed that reading comprehension is on the decline which did support the tentative hypothesis proposed in the study. Test results correlated with text length and difficulty in the examinations. The longer and more academic the text, the worse the performance of the test takers.
Comparative Analysis of Clustering-Based Approaches for 3-D Single Tree Detection Using Airborne Fullwave Lidar Data

In the past, many algorithms have been applied for three-dimensional (3-D) single tree extraction using Airborne Laser Scanner (ALS) data. Clustering based algorithms are widely used in different applications but rarely being they used in the field of forestry using ALS data as an input. In this paper, a comparative qualitative study was conducted using the iterative partitioning and hierarchical clustering based mechanisms and full waveform ALS data as an input to extract the individual trees/tree crowns in their most appropriate shape. The full waveform LIght Detection And Ranging (LIDAR) data was collected from the Waldkirch black forest area in the south-western part of Germany in August 2005 with density of 4–5 points/m2. Both the clustering algorithms were used in their original and modified form for a comparative qualitative analysis of the results obtained in the form of individual clusters containing 3-D points for each tree/tree crown. A total of 378 trees were found in all the 1.2 ha area with height ranging from 15 m to 50.9 m. The forest contains mainly older trees with deciduous, coniferous and mixed stands. The findings showed that among the three kind of clustering methods applied (normal k-means, modified k-means and hierarchical clustering), the modified k-means algorithm using external seed points and scaling down the height for initialization of the clustering process was the most promising method for the extraction of clusters of individual trees/tree crowns. A 3-D reconstruction of extracted individual clusters was carried out using QHull algorithm. In this study, the result was not possible to validate quantitatively due to lack of the field inventory data.
A Music Module in Working Memory? Evidence from the Performance of a Prodigious Musical Savant

This article investigates the possible existence and nature of a “music module” in working memory after Baddeley (1986) and Berz (1995). Evidence is gleaned from the performance of a prodigious musical savant in hearing and playing back an unfamiliar piece. His ability to realise internalised auditory images of considerable complexity on the keyboard with immediacy and an unusual technical facility offers a rare opportunity to glean something of the workings of the musical mind in a direct and ecologically valid way — through purely musical responses. These are subject to an initial musicological analysis using “zygonic” theory (Ockelford, 2005a, 2005b), which seeks to explain how the structure and content of the savant's output is derived from the stimulus and from other sources, and how both are woven into a coherent musical whole. The underlying methodological assumption is that the perceived sonic relationships so identified offer powerful evidence of processes that are hypothesised to underlie the learning, storage and retrieval of musical elements in cognition.
The Virtues of Opaque Prose: How Lay Beliefs About Fluency Influence Perceptions of Quality

Instructors tell their students to write clearly. This prescription meshes with our intuition, wins confirmation in scores of books on writing, and finds empirical confirmation in research on perceptual fluency: People like content that is easy to process. Nevertheless, in some circumstances people expect content to be difficult, and ease might be interpreted as a lack of quality. We investigate this possibility by asking people to judge the quality of written text which varies in fluency (through the manipulation of font and facial feedback). Across three studies, disfluent content was judged to be of higher quality when it was thought to come from a source focused on conveying information than one designed to maximize enjoyment.
WHAT HAVE WE LEARNED ABOUT EXPATRIATE ADJUSTMENT?: ANSWERS ACCUMULATED FROM 23 YEARS OF RESEARCH.

Integrating hypotheses from the international assignment and domestic stress literatures and applying them to 8,085 expatriates from 63 studies, we report meta-analyses of the determinants and consequences of expatriate adjustment. We also examine potential moderators and test the U-curve hypothesis about the temporal pattern of adjustment. Results emphasize the centrality, criticality and complexity of adjustment, strongly supporting linkages in the original Black, Mendenhall and Oddou (1991) model as well as our proposed extensions.