Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inguinal canal as an anatomic sanctuary site of relapse in peritoneal carcinomatosis previously treated with intraperitoneal chemotherapy

Early postoperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy (EPIC) and intraoperative peritoneal hypertermic chemotherapy (IPHC) are used in addition with cytoreductive surgery to treat with curative intent peritoneal carcinomatosis arising from colorectal adenocarcinomas. Three patients with such a disease were treated with perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy in addition to cytoreductive surgery and presented isolated local recurrence located in the inguinal canal (round ligament in two and spermatic cord in one). All these patients were treated by local surgical excision. No patient showed evidence of intra‐abdominal recurrence at the last follow‐up, but one developed pulmonary metastasis. When communicating with the peritoneal cavity, the inguinal canal may act as a sanctuary site for peritoneal carcinomatosis, since it is not totaly soaked by the intraperitoneal chemotherapy solution. A local recurrence is thus possible. New clinical presentations such as this one have first to be described in order to improve patient follow‐up. J. Surg. Oncol. 2005;91:73–76. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Chapter 9 Human Performance Simulation

This chapter focuses on challenges to improving the realism of socially intelligent agents and attempts to reflect the state of the art in human behavior modeling with particular attention to the impact of values, emotion, and physiology/stress upon individual and group decision-making. The goal is to help those interested in constructing more realistic software agents for use in human performance simulations in both training and analysis settings. The first two sections offer an assessment of the state of the practice and of the need to make better use of human performance moderator functions (PMFs) published in the behavioral literature. The third section pursues this goal by providing an illustrative framework for integrating existing PMF theories and models, such as those on physiology and stress, cognitive and emotive processes, individual differences, and group and crowd behavior, among others. The fourth section presents asymmetric warfare and civil unrest case studies to examine some of the concerns affecting implementation of PMFs such as verification, validation, and interoperability with existing simulators, artificial life emulators, and artificial intelligence components. The final section of this chapter concludes with lessons learned and with some challenges if the field is to reach a greater level of maturity.
Wage Flexibility and Labour Market Institutions: A Meta-Analysis

Evidence during the nineties about the response of real wages to shocks highlights that this response is substantially lower in European countries than in the United States and that there are important differences among European countries. Which are the reasons that explain these different reactions? In this paper, we apply meta-analytical techniques in order to provide a quantitative summary of the available evidence regarding the influence of labour market institutions on real wage flexibility. We find that the design of the study affects the obtained results, and that in more deregulated labour markets with a lower presence of trade unions, this response is particularly larger.
The effect of transfusion on cardiac function in patients with chronic anemia

BACKGROUND: The deteriorating cardiac function of patients with chronic anemia may be improved with transfusion. The effect of transfusion on cardiac function was evaluated in patients with chronic anemia. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: In a prospective study, ejection fraction (EF) was determined before and after transfusion in 41 patients with chronic anemia. The results were compared and analyzed. RESULTS: The volume of red cells transfused and the levels of pretransfusion hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red cell, white cell, and platelet counts did not affect the posttransfusion EF, whereas the pretransfusion EF of the right or left ventricle inversely affected the posttransfusion change in EF in the respective ventricle (p < 0.001 and r = ‐0.5022; p = 0.01 and ‐0.3917, respectively). There was no significant difference in the change in EF in the right and left ventricles. CONCLUSION: Transfusion produced little immediate effect on cardiac function, but did change the EF to an extent that aided cardiac function in chronic anemia patients. The pretransfusion EF itself, but not the degree of anemia or volume of red cells transfused, affected the posttransfusion change in EF.
Remote Sensing Image Stripe Noise Removal: From Image Decomposition Perspective

Stripe noise removal (destriping) is a fundamental problem in remote sensing image processing that holds significant practical importance for subsequent applications. These variational destriping methods have obtained impressive results and attracted widely studied research interests. However, most of them are dedicated to estimate the clear image from the striped one, paying much attention to the image itself, while ignoring the structural characteristic of stripe, which would easily cause damages to the image structure and leave residual stripes in image recovery. In this paper, we treat the image and stripe components equally and convert the image destriping task as an image decomposition problem naturally. We first give a detailed analysis about the structural characteristic of stripes and the prior knowledge about the remote sensing images. Then, incorporating them, we propose a low-rank-based single-image decomposition model (LRSID) to separate the original image from the stripe component perfectly. This low-rank constraint for the stripe perfectly matches the fact that only parts of data vectors are corrupted but the others are not. Moreover, we further utilize the spectral information of the remote sensing images, and we extend our 2-D image decomposition method to the 3-D case. Extensive experiments on both simulated and real data have been carried out to validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithms.
Studies in individual differences in maze ability. III. The community of function between two maze abilities.

Evidence presented in an earlier study (18) clearly shows that individual differences in a learning function in a subhuman species (the rat) may be measured to a high degree of accuracy. The following question next naturally arises: When members of a group of animals are measured in a number of different learning functions, is there any evidence of a general ability to learn? Does the animal who is brightest in one function tend to be brightest in the others, and similarly down the scale of ability? Or is there, on the other hand, a variable degree of correlation between different tasks, indicating that the ability to form divers habits hinges upon more or less specific factors? The writer will risk being charged as audacious when he states his belief that previous evidence collected on this point has been inconclusive. He must confess that the evidence which he will himself present in this paper is of the most preliminary character as bearing on the problem of general ability, for it will show the degree of correspondence of individual differences among rats in the learning of only two T-mazes. For the two abilities measured, however, it will be clear that a high community of function exists between them. The evidence presented here leads to conclusions in distinct opposition to those formed by previous investigators, the majority
Emotion in interactive storytelling

Emotion, as one of the major factors in creating engaging user experience, has been widely studied in interactive storytelling. Effort has been made mainly in two approaches, which are modeling emotions for believable virtual characters and capturing user emotions to generate affect-based interactive narrative. This paper provides an overview of emotion research in interactive storytelling in terms of these two approaches. In the end, current studies are concluded and potential future research is indicated.
Designing a multilayer microwave heating device using a multiobjective genetic algorithm

In this paper, we propose a multiobjective evolutionary approach to design a microwave heating device. The goal is to heat the maximum amount of water, above certain temperature, and spending the minimum energy. The device is modeled as a loss multilayer dielectric irradiated by microwave power. The resulting bi-objective problem is then solved using SPEA2 and a set of solutions is obtained. The results show that SPEA2 finds a higher number of non-dominated solution when compared with the traditional approaches used in this problem, within lower computational cost.
Men's Restrictive Emotionality: An Investigation of Associations With Other Emotion-Related Constructs, Anxiety, and Underlying Dimensions

Using Kennedy-Moore and Watson’s cognitive-evaluative model of emotional expression and nonexpression, in the current study the authors investigated the relationship between men’s restrictive emotionality and other emotion-related constructs. Among the emotion-related variables represented by the above model, negative attitudes toward emotional expression were found to be most closely associated with men’s restrictive emotionality. In addition, results of multiple regression analyses suggest that men’s difficulty identifying feelings might account for the relationship between restrictive emotionality and trait anxiety. Further, a factor analysis of various emotion-related measures revealed a three-factor solution in which men’s restrictive emotionality formed part of a high-order factor named Difficulty With Emotional Communication. Implications of the findings and directions for future masculinity research are discussed.
Ethnic Senior Schools, Religion, and Psychological Well-Being Among Older Korean Immigrants in the United States: A Qualitative Study

This qualitative case study examined the influence of the social support provided by attendance at ethnic senior schools on the psychological well-being of older Korean immigrants with limited skills in English, driving, and the use of public transportation. This study also sought to understand how older Korean immigrants' religion helped them to deal with the psychological stress resulting from living in the United States. Ten older Korean immigrants attending the same ethnic senior school were chosen for the study. Ethnic senior schools provide participants with opportunities to leave the house, to meet friends who can provide emotional support, and to have self-enhancement experiences. The participants' religion enabled them to appreciate their current situations, to feel protected and guided, and to serve others voluntarily. The results highlight the importance of older immigrants' attending senior schools as well as the importance of their religion in dealing with the psychological distress associated with immigration.
Modifying beliefs and attitudes to exceeding the speed limit: An intervention study based on the theory of planned behavior

This study builds on previous theory of planned behavior (TPB) studies in which we identified the beliefs and values which predict intention to commit driving violations. Four short experimental videos were developed in order to assess the effectiveness of an intervention grounded in the TPB. Three of the videos featured the major constructs of the TPB model. The fourth video featured anticipated regret, an addition to the TPB model which had previously been shown to add significantly to its predictive performance (Parker, Manstead, & Stradling, 1995). Results indicated that two of the videos brought about statistically significant belief changes with respect to scores on TPB items, and significant changes in general attitudes toward speeding. Discussion centers on the problems encountered in operationalizing the TPB constructs and on the potential of theory-based interventions to induce attitude change.
Biopolitics and the molecularization of life

In what ways can it be said of the molecularization of life that it has made our biological existence a political concern in new ways? This essay examines two different answers to this question. The first, exemplified by the work of Nikolas Rose, suggests that the molecularization of life, together with the individualization of risk, has given rise to a new ‘somatic’ self, and a new ‘ethopolitical’ order in which our biological life has becomes our life's work. The second, most evident in growing concern over ‘biosecurity’, posits a vulnerable subject, thrown into an unpredictable molecular world characterized by exchange and circulation and full of ‘emergent’ risks. Whereas the former has arguably led to new forms of governmentality, and new kinds of pastoral power, this paper argues that the latter has been widley taken up as a justification for the global extension of forms of sovereign power whose purpose is to pre-empt certain biological futures in favour of others. An exclusive focus on the former not only risks leaving the latter unexamined, it may leave us unable to consider how the two are related.
Influence of early romantic relationships on adolescents’ sexism / Sexismo en la adolescencia: influencia de las primeras relaciones de pareja

Abstract The aim of this study was to analyse the influence of romantic relationships on adolescents’ sexism. We primed some of the participants with their past and/or present relationship experiences before assessing their sexism. A sample of 130 adolescents (67 boys and 63 girls) from Spanish high schools participated in the study. Half of them were asked to report on their relationship experience first before responding to an ambivalent sexism inventory. The other half of the sample responded first to the sexism inventory and then reported on their relationship experience. The results of this study showed that when participants’ relationship experiences were primed, they reported higher endorsement of sexist beliefs: boys reported higher BS and HS, whereas girls reported higher BS.
What Do We Know? The Experiences of Social Workers Working Alongside Aboriginal People

Abstract Social work practice with Aboriginal people and communities is generally regarded as complex, with workers often engaging with communities that are experiencing significant disadvantage. This paper reports on a research project that interviewed Aboriginal and non Aboriginal social workers who are experienced and well-regarded by Aboriginal communities. It provides insights into what sustains these workers and how they integrate a range of knowledge, values, and skills in their work. The research findings suggest that experienced Aboriginal and non Aboriginal social workers prioritise the development of relationships with their Aboriginal clients and communities, which are characterised by reciprocity, the integration and valuing of Aboriginal and Western worldviews, and the application of microskills such as deep listening and stillness. The article concludes with the presentation of a practice framework that is applicable to Aboriginal and non Aboriginal social workers who want to work alongside Aboriginal people across a range of practice contexts.
Concerns about crime in a crime-ridden country: fear of crime, perceived risk, and avoidance behavior among law school students in Mexico1

This paper provides analyses of data on concerns about crime obtained from surveys administered to 303 law school students in Mexico. Descriptive analyses of the data show considerable concerns about crime among the sample, with a sizeable majority of respondents (more than 80%) having reported concerns about burglary, home invasion and their safety when out during the day. More than half the respondents (61.4%) reported concerns about their safety when out at night and roughly a third (29.6%) reported avoiding parts of the city due to safety concerns. Contrary to prior research conducted in Mexico and elsewhere in the world (e.g., Asia, Europe, the UK), regression analyses of the data indicate males were more concerned than were females about their safety, both during the day and at night. Additionally, victimization experiences proved to be inversely related to fear of burglary.
Incentivizing Blood Donation: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis to Test Titmuss’ Hypotheses

Objectives: Titmuss hypothesized that paying blood donors would reduce the quality of the blood donated and would be economically inefficient. We report here the first systematic review to test these hypotheses, reporting on both financial and nonfinancial incentives. Method: Studies deemed eligible for inclusion were peer-reviewed, experimental studies that presented data on the quantity (as a proxy for efficiency) and quality of blood donated in at least two groups: those donating blood when offered an incentive, and those donating blood with no offer of an incentive. The following were searched: MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsycINFO using OVID SP, CINAHL via EBSCO and CENTRAL, the Cochrane Library, Econlit via EBSCO, JSTOR Health and General Science Collection, and Google. Results: The initial search yielded 1100 abstracts, which resulted in 89 full papers being assessed for eligibility, of which seven studies, reported in six papers, met the inclusion criteria. The included studies involved 93,328 participants. Incentives had no impact on the likelihood of donation (OR = 1.22 CI 95% 0.91–1.63; p = .19). There was no difference between financial and nonfinancial incentives in the quantity of blood donated. Of the two studies that assessed quality of blood, one found no effect and the other found an adverse effect from the offer of a free cholesterol test (β = 0.011 p < .05). Conclusion: The limited evidence suggests that Titmuss’ hypothesis of the economic inefficiency of incentives is correct. There is insufficient evidence to assess their likely impact on the quality of the blood provided.
Fostering Roma students’ educational inclusion: a missing part in teacher education

This paper focuses on the educational situation of Roma migrants in Austria. In order to provide relevant background information, the paper also includes a brief outline of past and current developments in regard to the schooling of autochthonous Roma groups and an overview of various Roma groups living in Austria today. Results from empirical research and outcomes of teacher training, both implemented in the framework of the IN‐SErvice Training for Roma Inclusion (INSETRom) project, illustrate conducive aspects and shortcomings in regard to the educational inclusion of Roma students in Austrian schools. The paper pinpoints complex intersections of individual, systemic, cultural and societal factors. These influence Roma students’ educational attainment, their teachers’ daily practices, and Roma parents’ perceptions and actions in regard to schooling. The authors critically examine established notions that regard ‘Roma culture’ and parents’ lack of support as ultimately responsible for the children’s educational career. They conclude that empowered teachers, who better understand the diverse nature of Roma communities and the ways in which schools contribute to educational inequity, are more prone and qualified to find adequate ways of teaching Roma students whose willingness to learn and benefit from education became apparent in the course of the INSETRom project.
African American Children at Risk of Increasingly Conflicted Teacher–Student Relationships in Elementary School

Abstract. Previous studies have found that different trajectories of conflicted relationships with teachers predicted academic underachievement. However, little is known about what places children at risk of atypical conflict trajectories. This follow-up study examines whether African American ethnicity, IQ, and socioeconomic status (SES) are unique predictors of teacher–student conflict trajectories, taking into account sociobehavioral predictors, including aggression and prosocial behavior. The study included an ethnically diverse sample of 657 academically at-risk children in which four latent growth classes of conflict trajectories (Grades 1–5) predicted underachievement previously. In this follow-up study, six predictors were examined: African American ethnicity, SES, IQ (independent assessment), inhibitory control (performance measure), and aggression and prosocial behavior (peer assessment). The results showed that African American ethnicity, but not IQ and SES, uniquely predicted atypical conflict trajectories while controlling for sociobehavioral predictors. African American children were at risk of increasingly conflicted relationships with elementary school teachers, which has been found to increase the risk of academic underachievement in middle school.
Effect of Therapeutic Ultrasound on Tendons

ABSTRACT Ultrasound is a therapeutic agent commonly used to treat sports-related musculoskeletal conditions, including tendon injuries or tendinopathy. Despite the widespread popularity of therapeutic ultrasound, few clinical studies have proved its efficacy. Several animal studies have been conducted to explore its effectiveness. In addition, a number of in vitro studies investigating the mechanisms underlying the ability of this physical modality to enhance tendon healing or to treat tendinopathy are in progress. There is strong supporting evidence from animal studies about the positive effects of ultrasound on tendon healing. In vitro studies have also demonstrated that ultrasound can stimulate cell migration, proliferation, and collagen synthesis of tendon cells that may benefit tendon healing. These positive effects of therapeutic ultrasound on tendon healing revealed by in vivo and in vitro studies help explain the physiologic responses to this physical modality and could serve as the foundation for clinical practice.