Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Peer Influence on Ethnic-Racial Identity Development: A Multi-Site Investigation.

The peer context features prominently in theory, and increasingly in empirical research, about ethnic-racial identity (ERI) development, but no studies have assessed peer influence on ERI using methods designed to properly assess peer influence. We examined peer influence on ERI centrality, private, and public regard using longitudinal social network analysis. Data were drawn from two sites: a predominantly Latina/o Southwestern (SW) school (N = 1034; Mage = 12.10) and a diverse Midwestern (MW) school (N = 513; Mage = 11.99). Findings showed that peers influenced each other's public regard over time at both sites. However, peer influence on centrality was evident in the SW site, whereas peer influence on private regard was evident in the MW site. Importantly, peer influence was evident after controlling for selection effects. Our integration of developmental, contextual, and social network perspectives offers a fruitful approach to explicate how ERI content may shift in early adolescence as a function of peer influence.
Drug-Eluting versus Bare-Metal Stent for Treatment of Saphenous Vein Grafts: A Meta-Analysis

Background Saphenous vein grafts develop an aggressive atherosclerotic process and the efficacy of drug eluting stents (DES) in treating saphenous vein graft (SVG) lesions has not been convincingly demonstrated. The aim of this study was to review and analyze the current literature for controlled studies comparing DES versus bare metal stents (BMS) for treatment of SVG stenoses. Methodology/Principal Findings We searched several scientific databases and conference proceedings up to March 15, 2010 for controlled studies comparing target vessel revascularization (TVR) between DES and BMS. Summary odds ratios (OR) for the primary endpoint TVR and secondary endpoints infarction, stent thrombosis and death were calculated using random-effect models. A total of 29 studies (3 randomized controlled trials RCT) involving 7549 (202 in RCT) patients were included. The need for target vessel revascularization in the DES group tended to be lower compared to BMS for the 3 RCT (OR 0.50 [0.24–1.00]; p = 0.051) and for observational studies (0.62 [0.49–0.79]; p<0.001). There was no significant difference in the risk for myocardial infarction in the RCT (OR 1.25 [0.22–6.99]; p = 0.250) but a lower risk for DES based on the observational studies 0.68 [0.49–0.95]; p = 0.023. The risk for stent thrombosis was found to be non-different in the RCT (OR 0.78 [0.03–21.73], p = 0.885) while it was in favor of DES in the observational studies (0.58 [0.38 – 0.84]; p<0.001). The mortality was not significantly different between DES and BMS in the RCT's (OR 2.22 [0.17 – 29.50]; p = 0.546) while the observation studies showed a decreased mortality in the DES group (0.69 [0.55–0.85]; p<0.001). Conclusion DES may decrease TVR rate in treatment of SVG stenoses. No differences in reinfarction rate, stent thrombosis or mortality was found between the DES and BMS groups in the RCT's while the observational data showed lower risk for myocardial infarction, stent thrombosis and death in the DES group. This may be a result of patient selection bias in the observational studies or represent a true finding that was not the detected in the RCT analysis due to limited statistical power.
Collateral Projections Innervate the Mammillary Bodies and Retrosplenial Cortex: A New Category of Hippocampal Cells

Visual Abstract To understand the hippocampus, it is necessary to understand the subiculum. Unlike other hippocampal subfields, the subiculum projects to almost all distal hippocampal targets, highlighting its critical importance for external networks. The present studies, in male rats and mice, reveal a new category of dorsal subiculum neurons that innervate both the mammillary bodies (MBs) and the retrosplenial cortex (RSP). These bifurcating neurons comprise almost half of the hippocampal cells that project to RSP. The termination of these numerous collateral projections was visualized within the medial mammillary nucleus and the granular RSP (area 29). These collateral projections included subiculum efferents that cross to the contralateral MBs. Within the granular RSP, the collateral projections form a particularly dense plexus in deep Layer II and Layer III. This retrosplenial termination site colocalized with markers for VGluT2 and neurotensin. While efferents from the hippocampal CA fields standardly collateralize, subiculum projections often have only one target site. Consequently, the many collateral projections involving the RSP and the MBs present a relatively unusual pattern for the subiculum, which presumably relates to how both targets have complementary roles in spatial processing. Furthermore, along with the anterior thalamic nuclei, the MBs and RSP are key members of a memory circuit, which is usually described as both starting and finishing in the hippocampus. The present findings reveal how the hippocampus simultaneously engages different parts of this circuit, so forcing an important revision of this network.
Predicting Baseline for Analysis of Electricity Pricing

To understand the impact of new pricing structure on residential electricity demands, we need a baseline model that captures every factor other than the new price. The standard baseline is a randomized control group, however, a good control group is hard to design. This motivates us to devlop data-driven approaches. We explored many techniques and designed a strategy, named LTAP, that could predict the hourly usage years ahead. The key challenge in this process is that the daily cycle of electricity demand peaks a few hours after the temperature reaching its peak. Existing methods rely on the lagged variables of recent past usages to enforce this daily cycle. These methods have trouble making predictions years ahead. LTAP avoids this trouble by assuming the daily usage profile is determined by temperature and other factors. In a comparison against a well-designed control group, LTAP is found to produce accurate predictions.
Complete mitochondrial genome of Kjellmaniella crassifolia (Laminariaceae, Phaeophyceae): Laminaria and Saccharina are distinct genus

Abstract The kelp Kjellmaniella crassifolia is one of the most important economic resources, which is widely distributed in Japan and has now been introduced to coastal areas in China’s Shandong Province for cultivation. In this study, we present the complete mitochondrial genome of K. crassifolia. The genome is characterized as a circular molecule of 37,627 bp in length with an overall A + T content of 64.81%. The mitogenome contains three ribosomal RNA genes (rRNA), 24 transfer RNA genes (tRNA), 35 protein-coding genes, and three conserved open reading frames (ORFs). Most genes are encoded on the H-strand and 11 pairs of overlapping genes are identified with the overlap size from 1 to 16 bp. The gene content and organization of mitogenome for K. crassifolia is identical to those for Saccharina, Laminaria, Undaria, and Costaria. Phylogenetic analysis based on 35 mitochondrial protein-coding genes clearly proves that Laminaria and Saccharina are distinct genus identified by Kjellmaniella. The present study provides new molecular data for further studies on evolutionary relationship within Phaeophyceae.
Aquaculture of Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) in the Americas and the Caribbean

Due to its extraordinary growth rate, overall aquaculture performance and market demand and price, cobia (Rachycentron canadum) is one of the species identified as having the greatest potential for commercial aquaculture throughout its distribution range in tropical regions of the Western hemisphere, particularly in the Americas and the Caribbean countries. Advances in hatchery and grow-out technology of cobia are presented in this chapter. New hatchery techniques include conditioned spawning of broodstock and intensive and semi-intensive larval rearing of cobia in tanks and ponds using probiotics. Shipping trials of cobia eggs, larvae and fingerlings are also described and discussed. Emerging technology is being used to demonstrate the viability of raising hatchery-reared cobia in collaboration with the private sector (Snapperfarm, Inc. and AquaSense LLC) using SeaStationTM and AquapodTMsubmerged cages in exposed sites in Puerto Rico (US) and the Bahamas. Currently, new projects involving hatchery and grow-out of cobia are underway in Mexico, Brazil, Belize, Dominican Republic and Panama. In these countries, a more traditional approach of growing out cobia in floating cages or net pens is being applied. It is likely that lower capital and operating costs combined with ideal environment in developing Latin American and Caribbean countries will offset the high production costs needed to produce cobia in the US and other developed countries. Following the success of cobia aquaculture in Taiwan, the technology for raising cobia from egg to market has been mastered in Western countries. The prospects for large-scale commercial aquaculture of cobia in the Americas and the Caribbean within the next decade are extraordinary.
Cognitive Profile of Students Who Enter Higher Education with an Indication of Dyslexia

For languages other than English there is a lack of empirical evidence about the cognitive profile of students entering higher education with a diagnosis of dyslexia. To obtain such evidence, we compared a group of 100 Dutch-speaking students diagnosed with dyslexia with a control group of 100 students without learning disabilities. Our study showed selective deficits in reading and writing (effect sizes for accuracy between d = 1 and d = 2), arithmetic (d≈1), and phonological processing (d>0.7). Except for spelling, these deficits were larger for speed related measures than for accuracy related measures. Students with dyslexia also performed slightly inferior on the KAIT tests of crystallized intelligence, due to the retrieval of verbal information from long-term memory. No significant differences were observed in the KAIT tests of fluid intelligence. The profile we obtained agrees with a recent meta-analysis of English findings suggesting that it generalizes to all alphabetic languages. Implications for special arrangements for students with dyslexia in higher education are outlined.
A Mouse Model for Osseous Heteroplasia

GNAS/Gnas encodes Gsα that is mainly biallelically expressed but shows imprinted expression in some tissues. In Albright Hereditary Osteodystrophy (AHO) heterozygous loss of function mutations of GNAS can result in ectopic ossification that tends to be superficial and attributable to haploinsufficiency of biallelically expressed Gsα. Oed-Sml is a point missense mutation in exon 6 of the orthologous mouse locus Gnas. We report here both the late onset ossification and occurrence of benign cutaneous fibroepithelial polyps in Oed-Sml. These phenotypes are seen on both maternal and paternal inheritance of the mutant allele and are therefore due to an effect on biallelically expressed Gsα. The ossification is confined to subcutaneous tissues and so resembles the ossification observed with AHO. Our mouse model is the first with both subcutaneous ossification and fibroepithelial polyps related to Gsα deficiency. It is also the first mouse model described with a clinically relevant phenotype associated with a point mutation in Gsα and may be useful in investigations of the mechanisms of heterotopic bone formation. Together with earlier results, our findings indicate that Gsα signalling pathways play a vital role in repressing ectopic bone formation.
Mortality Among Older Adults Before Versus After Hospital Transition to Intensivist Staffing

Background:A large body of research suggests that hospitals with intensive care units staffed by board-certified intensivists have lower mortality rates than those that do not. Objective:To determine whether hospitals can reduce their mortality by adopting an intensivist staffing model. Design:Retrospective, longitudinal study using 2003–2010 Medicare data and the Leapfrog Group Hospital surveys. Setting and Patients:In total, 2,916,801 Medicare patients at 488 US hospitals. Measurements:We studied 30-day and in-hospital mortality among patients with several common medical and surgical conditions. We first compared risk-adjusted mortality rates of 3 groups of hospitals: those that were intensivist staffed throughout this time period, those that were not intensivist staffed, and those that transitioned to intensivist staffing somewhere during the period. We then examined rates of mortality improvement within each of the 3 groups and used difference-in-differences techniques to assess the independent effect of intensivist staffing among the subset of hospitals that transitioned. Results:Hospitals with intensivist staffing at the beginning of our study period had lower mortality rates than those without. However, hospitals that adopted intensivist staffing during the study period did not substantially improve their mortality rates. In our difference-in-differences analysis, there was no significant independent improvement in mortality after transitioning to intensivist staffing either overall [relative risk (RR), 0.96; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.90–1.02] or in the medical (RR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.89–1.02) or surgical populations (RR, 0.97; 95% CI, 0.84–1.10). Limitations:Risk adjustment was based on administrative data. Categorization of exposure was by survey response at the hospital level. Conclusions:Adoption of an intensivist staffing model was not associated with improved mortality in Medicare beneficiaries. These findings suggest that the lower mortality rates previously observed at hospitals with intensivist staffing may be attributable to other factors.
Associations between food insecurity and healthy behaviors among Korean adults

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Food insecurity has been suggested as being negatively associated with healthy behaviors and health status. This study was performed to identify the associations between food insecurity and healthy behaviors among Korean adults. SUBJECTS/METHODS The data used were the 2011 Community Health Survey, cross-sectional representative samples of 253 communities in Korea. Food insecurity was defined as when participants reported that their family sometimes or often did not get enough food to eat in the past year. Healthy behaviors were considered as non-smoking, non-high risk drinking, participation in physical activities, eating a regular breakfast, and maintaining a normal weight. Multiple logistic regression and multinomial logistic regression analyses were used to identify the association between food insecurity and healthy behaviors. RESULTS The prevalence of food insecurity was 4.4% (men 3.9%, women 4.9%). Men with food insecurity had lower odds ratios (ORs) for non-smoking, 0.75 (95% CI: 0.68-0.82), participation in physical activities, 0.82 (95% CI: 0.76-0.90), and eating a regular breakfast, 0.66 (95% CI: 0.59-0.74), whereas they had a higher OR for maintaining a normal weight, 1.19 (95% CI: 1.09-1.30), than men with food security. Women with food insecurity had lower ORs for non-smoking, 0.77 (95% CI: 0.66-0.89), and eating a regular breakfast, 0.79 (95% CI: 0.72-0.88). For men, ORs for obesity were 0.78 (95% CI: 0.70-0.87) for overweight and 0.56 (95% CI: 0.39-0.82) for mild obesity. For women, the OR for moderate obesity was 2.04 (95% CI: 1.14-3.63) as compared with normal weight. CONCLUSIONS Food insecurity has a different impact on healthy behaviors. Provision of coping strategies for food insecurity might be critical to improve healthy behaviors among the population.
An Italian multicentre study on methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone contact sensitivity: understanding the structure–activity relationship

Luca Stingeni1 , Leonardo Bianchi1, Caterina Foti2, Paolo Romita2 , Luigi Rigano3 and Katharina Hansel1 on behalf of the MCI/MI SIDAPA network§ 1Clinical, Allergological and Venereological Dermatology Section, Department of Medicine, University of Perugia, 06129 Perugia, Italy, 2Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, Dermatological Clinic, University of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy and 3R&D Department, Institute of Skin and Product Evaluation, 20125 Milan, Italy
The emerging empirics of evolutionary economic geography

Following last decade’s programmatic papers on Evolutionary Economic Geography, we report on recent empirical advances and how this empirical work can be positioned vis-a-vis other strands of research in economic geography. First, we review studies on the path dependent nature of clustering, and how the evolutionary perspective relates to that of New Economic Geography. Second, we discuss research on agglomeration externalities in Regional Science, and how Evolutionary Economic Geography contributed to this literature with the concepts of cognitive proximity and related variety. Third, we go into the role of institutions in Evolutionary Economic Geography, and we relate this to the way Institutional Economic Geography tends to view institutions. From this discussion, a number of new research challenges are derived.
Conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA) isomers as new bioactive lipid compounds in ruminant-derived food products. A review.

Animal-derived food products are considered for their both positive and negative nutritional attributes. Meat, milk and dairy products are major sources of many bioactive compounds, e.g., proteins, lipids, vitamins, indispensable amino acids or essential elements (like Se, Zn, Cu, Fe, I, Mn, Cr, Co, Ni or Mo). These bioactive compounds, however, may be also associated with negative nutritional profiles attributed to high concentrations of saturated fatty acids (SFA), n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-6 PUFA), cholesterol, sodium as well as high caloric contents (Decker et al., 2010). ABSTRACT. Conjugated linolenic acid (CLnA) isomers refer to a group of positional and geometric isomers of the omega-3 essential fatty acid – α-linolenic acid (cis-9,cis-12,cis-15 C18:3; ALA). CLnA isomers can be either cisand/or transand their double bonds are separated by a single bond. Food products from ruminants and some plant products (e.g., pomegranate or bitter melon seeds) are the major sources of CLnA isomers for humans. CLnA isomers in ruminants arise as a result of bacterial isomerization of ALA in the rumen. The concentration of CLnA isomers in seed oils is higher than in milk and edible parts of ruminant carcass. The CLnA isomers from the plant sources are in the form of conjugated trienes, whereas those in ruminant products are of conjugated diene type. Some plant seed oils are the richest natural sources of CLnA isomers. So searching for methods of increasing the CLnA isomer content in food of animal origin not exhibiting negative effects on animal welfare and physiology is very important for researchers. A presence of long-chain and very long-chain conjugated unsaturated fatty acids was also confirmed in some ruminant tissues. Clinical studies documented that health-promoting properties have been attributed to CLnA isomers. It was also evidenced that animal diet may influence the CLnA synthesis. The proper identification of geometric and positional isomers of conjugated unsaturated fatty acids in biological samples is a great analytical challenge. Therefore, silver-ion high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode detection and capillary gas chromatography (GC) offer the best analysis of these isomers with complementary identification by GC-mass spectrometry. Received: 16 December 2016 Revised: 31 January 2017 Accepted: 7 March 2017
Comparison of three multiplex PCR assays for detection of respiratory viruses: Anyplex II RV16, AdvanSure RV, and Real‐Q RV

Due to its great sensitivity, the nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) is widely used for detection of respiratory viruses (RV). However, few reports have described a direct comparison between multiplex RT‐PCR assays for RV. The objective of this study was to perform a direct comparison of three multiplex RT‐PCR assays for the detection of respiratory viruses.
Exposure to childhood adversity and deficits in emotion recognition: results from a large, population‐based sample

BACKGROUND Emotion recognition skills are essential for social communication. Deficits in these skills have been implicated in mental disorders. Prior studies of clinical and high-risk samples have consistently shown that children exposed to adversity are more likely than their unexposed peers to have emotion recognition skills deficits. However, only one population-based study has examined this association. METHODS We analyzed data from children participating in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a prospective birth cohort (n = 6,506). We examined the association between eight adversities, assessed repeatedly from birth to age 8 (caregiver physical or emotional abuse; sexual or physical abuse; maternal psychopathology; one adult in the household; family instability; financial stress; parent legal problems; neighborhood disadvantage) and the ability to recognize facial displays of emotion measured using the faces subtest of the Diagnostic Assessment of Non-Verbal Accuracy (DANVA) at age 8.5 years. In addition to examining the role of exposure (vs. nonexposure) to each type of adversity, we also evaluated the role of the timing, duration, and recency of each adversity using a Least Angle Regression variable selection procedure. RESULTS Over three-quarters of the sample experienced at least one adversity. We found no evidence to support an association between emotion recognition deficits and previous exposure to adversity, either in terms of total lifetime exposure, timing, duration, or recency, or when stratifying by sex. CONCLUSIONS Results from the largest population-based sample suggest that even extreme forms of adversity are unrelated to emotion recognition deficits as measured by the DANVA, suggesting the possible immutability of emotion recognition in the general population. These findings emphasize the importance of population-based studies to generate generalizable results.
Predictable Variation of Range-Sizes across an Extreme Environmental Gradient in a Lizard Adaptive Radiation: Evolutionary and Ecological Inferences

Large-scale patterns of current species geographic range-size variation reflect historical dynamics of dispersal and provide insights into future consequences under changing environments. Evidence suggests that climate warming exerts major damage on high latitude and elevation organisms, where changes are more severe and available space to disperse tracking historical niches is more limited. Species with longer generations (slower adaptive responses), such as vertebrates, and with restricted distributions (lower genetic diversity, higher inbreeding) in these environments are expected to be particularly threatened by warming crises. However, a well-known macroecological generalization (Rapoport's rule) predicts that species range-sizes increase with increasing latitude-elevation, thus counterbalancing the impact of climate change. Here, I investigate geographic range-size variation across an extreme environmental gradient and as a function of body size, in the prominent Liolaemus lizard adaptive radiation. Conventional and phylogenetic analyses revealed that latitudinal (but not elevational) ranges significantly decrease with increasing latitude-elevation, while body size was unrelated to range-size. Evolutionarily, these results are insightful as they suggest a link between spatial environmental gradients and range-size evolution. However, ecologically, these results suggest that Liolaemus might be increasingly threatened if, as predicted by theory, ranges retract and contract continuously under persisting climate warming, potentially increasing extinction risks at high latitudes and elevations.