Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictors of Outcome and Hemorrhage in Patients Undergoing Endovascular Therapy with Solitaire Stent for Acute Ischemic Stroke

Background Endovascular mechanical thrombectomy is emerging as a promising therapeutic approach for acute ischemic stroke and show some advantages. However, the data of predicting clinical outcome after thrombectomy with Solitaire retriever were limited. We attempt to identify prognostic factors of clinical outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke undergoing thrombectomy with Solitaire retriever. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of consecutive acute ischemic strokes cases treated between December 2010 and December2013 where the Solitaire stent retriever was used for acute ischemic stroke. We assessed the effect of selected demographic characteristics, clinical factors on poor outcome at 3 months (modified Rankin score 3–6), mortality at 3 months, and hemorrhage within 24 h (symptomatic and asymptomatic). Clinical, imaging and logistic variables were analyzed. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify variables influencing clinical outcome, based on discharge NIHSS score change and mRS at 3 months. Results Eighty nine consecutive patients with acute ischemic stroke underwent mechanical thrombectomy. Multivariate analysis revealed that admission NIHSS score, Serum glucose and endovascular procedure duration were independently associated with clinical outcome. Sex, NIHSS score at admission, diabetes and time of operation were associated with sICH in 1 day. NIHSS score ≥20 (OR 9.38; 95% CI 2.41–36.50), onset to reperfusion >5 hours (OR 5.23; 95% CI1.34,20.41) and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (OR 10.19; 95% CI1.80,57.83) were potential predictive factors of mortality at 3 months. Conclusion Multiple pre- and intra-procedural factors can be used to predict clinical outcome, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage and mortality in acute ischemic stroke patients undergoing endovascular therapy. This knowledge is helpful for patients selection for endovascular mechanical thrombectomy.
Real-Time Switches Fault Diagnosis Based on Typical Operating Characteristics of Five-Phase Permanent-Magnetic Synchronous Machines

A novel centroid-based diagnostic method of the power switches in five-leg voltage source inverter is proposed in this paper. Using a vectorial multimachine description, a five-phase drive presenting an opened switch or an opened phase faults has typical operating characteristics in comparison to classical three-phase drives. Based on such characteristics, this paper aims to provide a simple and robust diagnostic process for switches fault regardless of the shape of the back electromotive forces (harmonic components) and the transient states due to the load variation. Original theoretical developments are presented. Experimental results are shown to validate the proposed strategy.
International Journal of Emerging Technologies in Computational and Applied Sciences ( IJETCAS ) www . iasir

In this paper, a three layer flow model is proposed to study the mucus transport in the airways due to air motion caused by forced expiration or mild coughing (by considering the circular geometry of the airways) . The flow is governed by the instantaneous pressure gradient generated during air motion. Mucus is represented by viscoelastic Maxwell fluid, whereas serous fluid and air are considered as Newtonian fluids. For fixed air flow rate, it is shown that mucus transport is more in the viscoelastic case. It is also shown that for fixed air flow rate and fixed airway dimensions; mucus transport is more in the presence of serous fluid. This increase is further enhanced in the presence of surfactant.
Exposure to Parental Depression in Adolescence and Risk for Metabolic Syndrome in Adulthood.

The psychosocial consequences of living with a depressed parent have been well characterized. Less well known, however, is how this exposure is predictive of later physical health problems. The present study evaluated how parental depression across youths' adolescence (ages 11-18) was associated with youth metabolic syndrome at age 25 (n = 391). Youth self-regulation and health behaviors were considered as possible moderators of the link between parental depression and youth metabolic syndrome. Analyses revealed that parental depression in adolescence was associated with a composite score reflecting metabolic syndrome components in early adulthood. Furthermore, self-regulation and health behaviors moderated this link, such that links between parental depression and the metabolic syndrome existed only for youth with low self-regulation or unhealthy behaviors.
Traveling-wave photodetectors

The authors propose and analyze the traveling-wave photodetector (TWPD), an edge-coupled photodetector that is capable of both a larger absolute bandwidth and a larger bandwidth-efficiency product than the waveguide photodetector (WGPD). The intrinsic RC bandwidth limitation is increased in the traveling-wave photodetector by providing for controlled transmission of the electrical wave down the device in parallel with the optical wave and by eliminating bandwidth-limiting electrical reflections. It is shown that 1- mu m wide, parallel-plate, GaAs/AlGaAs, p-i-n TWPD with open-circuit input termination has a 26% greater potential bandwidth-efficiency product than the comparable WGPD, while a TWPD with matched input termination actually has a worse bandwidth-efficiency product than the WGPD. <<ETX>>
The Unique Skills and Traits of One-Way and Two-Way Dual Immersion Principals

The Unique Skills and Traits of One-Way and Two-Way Dual Immersion Principals Ryan K. Rocque Department of Educational Leadership and Foundations, BYU Doctor of Philosophy The principal is an important key to school success and student achievement (Anderson & Togneri, 2003; Met & Lorenz, 1997). Considering the role of principals of dual immersion schools, few studies have considered factors leading to their success (Nicholson, Harris-Johhn, & Schimmel, 2005; Simmons et al., 2007). With current advancements in skill mapping and metaanalyses, the understanding of skill and trait theory has improved, greatly enhancing the researcher’s ability to effectively identify a leader’s skills and traits (Derue, Nahrgang, Wellman, & Humphrey, 2011; Marzano, Waters, & McNulty, 2005; Scouller, 2011; Zaccaro, 2007). A clearer understanding of the skills and traits dual immersion principals need would help other dual immersion principals and the districts and states that train these principals (Waters, Marzano, & McNulty, 2003). Through a set of interviews and surveys, the researcher explored themes and patterns based on principals’ opinions of the skills and traits they use. The researcher compared one-way dual immersion schools with two-way dual immersion schools in an effort to distinguish how principals’ opinions vary between these two contrasting immersion paradigms. An analysis of principal responses from the surveys and interviews revealed that a number of traits and skills identified in previous research are also important for dual immersion principals. In addition, the research found a number of new skills and traits unique to the dual immersion context. This research also found that many skills and traits of dual immersion principals varied between the contexts of one-way and two-way. These findings indicate an important shift in our understanding of the role of principal and the ways that dual immersion principals are trained.
Gli1 Induces G2/M Arrest and Apoptosis in Hippocampal but Not Tumor‐Derived Neural Stem Cells

Sonic hedgehog (Shh) is necessary for sustaining the proliferation of neural stem cells (NSCs), yet little is known about its mechanisms. Whereas Gli1, Gli2, and Gli3, the primary mediators of Shh signaling, were all expressed in hippocampal neural progenitors, Shh treatment of NSCs induced only Gli1 expression. Acute depletion of Gli1 in postnatal NSCs by short‐hairpin RNA decreased proliferation, whereas germline deletion of Gli1 did not affect NSC proliferation, suggesting a difference in mechanisms of Gli1 compensation that may be developmentally dependent. To determine whether Gli1 was sufficient to enhance NSC proliferation, we overexpressed this mitogen and were surprised to find that Gli1 resulted in decreased proliferation, accumulation of NSCs in the G2/M phase of cell cycle, and apoptosis. In contrast, Gli1‐expressing lineage‐restricted neural precursors demonstrated a 4.5‐fold proliferation enhancement. Expression analyses of Gli1‐expressing NSCs identified significant induction of Gadd45a and decreased cyclin A2 and Stag1 mRNA, genes involved in the G2‐M transition and apoptosis. Furthermore, Gadd45a overexpression was sufficient to partially recapitulate the Gli1‐induced G2/M accumulation and cell death of NSCs. In contrast to normal stem cells, tumor‐derived stem cells had markedly higher basal Gli1 expression and did not undergo apoptosis with further elevation of Gli1. Our data suggest that Gli1‐induced apoptosis may serve as a protective mechanism against premature mitosis and may give insight into mechanisms by which nonmalignant stem cells restrain hyperproliferation in the context of potentially transforming mitogenic signals. Tumor‐derived stem cells apparently lack these mechanisms, which may contribute to their unrestrained proliferation and malignant potential.
Colocalization of neuropilin-1 and Flk-1 in retinal neovascularization in a mouse model of retinopathy.

PURPOSE To investigate the mechanisms of the development of retinal neovascularization, the localizations of vascular endothelial (VEGF) receptors Flk-1 and neuropilin (NP)-1 mRNAs were examined. METHODS The model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) was produced by ischemia-induced ocular neovascularization, by exposing postnatal day-7 mice to 75% oxygen for 5 days and then returning them to room air for 5 days. Retinal neovascularization was visualized by injection of fluorescein-dextran. Expression of Flk-1 and NP-1 mRNAs were examined by in situ hybridization with flatmount and serial sections of the retina. The localization of NP-1 was also confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Blood vessel patterns were characterized by immunohistochemical localization of von Willebrand factor (vWF). RESULTS Flatmount in situ hybridization showed intense expression of NP-1 and Flk-1 mRNAs colocalized in the area of neovascularization. In situ hybridization of serial sections of the retina revealed that expression of Flk-1 and NP-1 was restricted to neovascularized vessels of the retina from ROP mice. CONCLUSIONS The restricted expression of Flk-1 and NP-1 on neovascularized vessels suggests that these molecules may play important roles in retinal neovascularization. This is the first report of the colocalization of NP-1 and Flk-1 on neovascularized vessels of the retina from ROP mice.
Sleep Does Not Enhance Motor Sequence Learning and Sumeet Gupta for Assistance with Data Collection; Daniel Bajic for Assistance with Programming; and John Wixted for Comments on an Earlier

Improvements in motor sequence performance have been observed after a delay involving sleep. This finding has been taken as evidence for an active sleep consolidation process that enhances subsequent performance. In a review of this literature, however, the authors observed 4 aspects of data analyses and experimental design that could lead to improved performance on the test in the absence of any sleep consolidation: (a) masking of learning effects in the averaged data, (b) masking of reactive inhibition effects in the averaged training data, (c) time-of-day and time-since-sleep confounds, and (d) a gradual buildup of fatigue over the course of massed (i.e., concentrated) training. In 2 experiments the authors show that when these factors are controlled for, or when their effects are substantially reduced, the sleep enhancement effect is eliminated. Whereas sleep may play a role in protection from forgetting of motor skills, it does not result in performance enhancement. Consolidation of procedural memory has been proposed to be separable into two stages: stabilization, which occurs during waking periods, and enhancement, which occurs during sleep (Walker, 2005). The stabilization phase corresponds roughly to memory consolidation as classically defined wherein a memory representation is made more resistant to interference and forgetting (Mc-Gaugh, 2000). Some studies of motor skill tasks (Brashers-Krug, Shadmehr, & Bizzi, 1996; Muellbacher et al., 2002) have confirmed that waking periods between training and retest (from 4 to12 hrs) can stabilize performance, although that result is not ubiquitous (Caithness et al. For example, in one study, researchers used a sequential finger-tapping task. Participants were given 12 training blocks (each block consisting of 30 s of key-presses interleaved with 30-s rest) either at 10 a.m. or 10 p.m. , and they returned 12 hrs later for 2 test blocks (e. 2002). In a comparison of the averaged performance on the last 2 blocks of training to that on the 2 blocks of test, the overnight-sleep group exhibited a substantial performance improvement on the test, whereas there was no improvement for the daytime-awake group. Similar performance gains following sleep have been shown to hold for delays of 24 and 72 hrsgold, 2003). These and related results have been taken to reflect learning that takes place during one or more stages of sleep (e.g., Nishida & Walker, 2007; Walker et al., 2002). However, the proposed enhancement phase, and the claim that it occurs exclusively during sleep, is not without controversy (for reviews, see …
The Effect of Capital Market Characteristics on the Value of Start-Up Firms

We develop an equilibrium model of contracting, bargaining, and search in which the relative scarcity of venture capital affects the bargaining power of entrepreneurs and venture capitalists. This in turn affects the pricing, contracting, and value creation in start-ups. The relative scarcity of venture capital is endogenous and depends on the profitability of venture capital investments, entry costs, and transparency of the venture capital market. Supply and demand conditions also affect the incentives of venture capitalists to screen projects ex ante. We characterize both the short- and long-run dynamics of the venture capital industry, which provides us with a stylized picture of the Internet boom and bust periods. Our model is consistent with existing evidence and provides a number of new empirical predictions.
Complete response and long-term remission to anti-HER2 combined therapy in a patient with breast cancer presented with bone marrow metastases

Presentation with bone marrow metastasis at diagnosis is a rare event in breast carcinoma. Here, we report a rare presentation of metastatic breast cancer patient with bone marrow metastases, who was successfully treated with trastuzumab combined chemotherapy. The regimens initially applied for bone marrow metastasis were docetaxel/adriamycin, gemcitabine/vinorelbine, epirubicin/cyclophosphamide, capecitabine, docetaxel, gemcitabine, and paclitaxel. But, the best response to these regimens was not satisfactory. Our patient was completely treated with etoposide–cisplatin and trastuzumab combination. She is still on remission after five years of metastatic breast cancer diagnosis using letrozole and trastuzumab without complication. Physicians should be careful in treating bone marrow metastases in breast cancer, since patients can show improved marrow function after chemotherapy and long-lasting survival is possible.
Effects of NO on baroreflex control of heart rate and renal nerve activity in conscious rabbits.

Recent data suggest that nitric oxide (NO) plays a role in the modulation of sympathetic nerve activity and baroreflex sensitivity. Most of these studies have been carried out in anesthetized preparations, and little if any comparison has been made on the relative role of NO on the baroreflex control of heart rate and sympathetic nerve activity. In the present studies, the effect of the NO synthase inhibitor NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) on the baroreflex control of heart rate (HR) and renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) were investigated in conscious, instrumented rabbits. Intravenous bolus injections of 13 mg/kg of L-NNA decreased baseline HR (from 205.0 +/- 6.0 to 145.5 +/- 8.2 beats/min; P < 0.05) without significant changes in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and RSNA. L-NNA significantly reduced the lower plateau of the HR-MAP curves and increased the sensitivities of baroreflex control of HR and RSNA. L-Arginine (600 mg/kg i.v.) but not D-arginine reversed the above effects. The effects of L-NNA on baseline HR were not completely blocked by metoprolol (2 mg/kg) or by atropine (0.2 mg/kg). After pretreatment with metoprolol, baroreflex sensitivity was reduced and L-NNA increased baroreflex sensitivity back to the control level. After pretreatment with atropine, L-NNA still reduced the lower plateau but did not significantly affect baroreflex sensitivity. L-NNA increased the HR responses but not the RSNA response to electrical stimulation of the aortic nerve in chloralose-anesthetized, sinoaortic-denervated (SAD) rabbits. L-NNA had no effect on the HR response to right vagal stimulation. In both conscious intact and SAD rabbits, L-NNA did not increase baseline RSNA. These results suggest that endogenous NO decreases baroreflex control of HR and RSNA. Both sympathetic and parasympathetic components play a role in the effects of NO on the baroreflex control of HR. The effects of NO in the central nervous system play a more important role in the baroreflex control of HR than of RSNA.
A simple design for joint channel estimation and data detection in an Alamouti OFDM system

To obtain full benefits of the Alamouti space-time code design on a time-varying acoustic channel, the channel variation is decoupled into two parts: the gain, which is assumed to be constant over an Alamouti pair (two consecutive OFDM blocks), and the phase, which is not restricted in this manner, but allowed to vary from one block to another in a piecewise linear fashion. Under this model, the receiver assumes a simplified structure in which conventional Alamouti data detection and channel estimation are aided by Doppler tracking. System performance is demonstrated using experimental data transmitted over a 1 km shallow water channel in the 8-18 kHz acoustic band, using QPSK modulation and a varying number of carriers (up to 1024). The proposed design shows a gain of up to 2 dB as compared to the reference single-transmitter case.
Modeling Net Ecosystem Carbon Exchange of Alpine Grasslands with a Satellite-Driven Model

Estimate of net ecosystem carbon exchange (NEE) between the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems, the balance of gross primary productivity (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (Reco) has significant importance for studying the regional and global carbon cycles. Using models driven by satellite data and climatic data is a promising approach to estimate NEE at regional scales. For this purpose, we proposed a semi-empirical model to estimate NEE in this study. In our model, the component GPP was estimated with a light response curve of a rectangular hyperbola. The component Reco was estimated with an exponential function of soil temperature. To test the feasibility of applying our model at regional scales, the temporal variations in the model parameters derived from NEE observations in an alpine grassland ecosystem on Tibetan Plateau were investigated. The results indicated that all the inverted parameters exhibit apparent seasonality, which is in accordance with air temperature and canopy phenology. In addition, all the parameters have significant correlations with the remote sensed vegetation indexes or environment temperature. With parameters estimated with these correlations, the model illustrated fair accuracy both in the validation years and at another alpine grassland ecosystem on Tibetan Plateau. Our results also indicated that the model prediction was less accurate in drought years, implying that soil moisture is an important factor affecting the model performance. Incorporating soil water content into the model would be a critical step for the improvement of the model.
Factors influencing the risk of local recurrence after resection of a single brain metastasis.

OBJECT Local recurrence (LR) of a resected brain metastasis occurs in up to 46% of patients. Postoperative whole-brain radiation therapy (WBRT) reduces that incidence. To isolate factors associated with the risk of LR after resection, the authors only studied patients who did not receive adjuvant radiotherapy. METHODS The authors reviewed data from 570 cases involving patients who had undergone resection of a previously untreated single brain metastasis at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center between 1993 and 2006 without receiving postoperative WBRT. All tumors were measured preoperatively on MR images. The resection method (en bloc resection [EBR] or piecemeal resection [PMR]) was noted at the time of surgery. Predictors of LR were assessed using the Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS The median patient age was 58 years, 55% were male, and 88% had a Karnofsky Performance Scale Score > or = 80. The most common primary cancers were those of the lung (28%), skin (melanoma, 21%), kidney (19%), and breast (11%). Piecemeal resection was performed in 201 patients (35%) and EBR in 369 (65%). Local recurrence developed in 84 patients (15%). The histological type of the primary cancer did not significantly predict LR; however, 7 of 22 patients with sarcoma developed LR (p = 0.16). The authors identified 2 variables that increased the risk of LR. Undergoing PMR carried a significantly higher LR risk than EBR (crude hazard ratio [HR] 1.7, 95% CI 1.1-2.6, p = 0.03). Tumors exceeding the median volume (9.7 cm(3)) had a significantly higher LR risk than those that were < 9.7 cm(3) (crude HR 1.7; 95% CI 1.1-2.6; p = 0.02). In the multivariate analysis, small tumors removed by EBR had a significantly lower LR risk. CONCLUSIONS The LR risk of a single brain metastasis is influenced by biological factors (such as tumor volume) and treatments (such as the resection method). Early administration of postoperative WBRT may be particularly warranted when such negative tumor-related prognostic factors are noted or when treatment-related ones such as PMR are unavoidable.