Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Inhibition of vasospasm with lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 monoclonal antibody in a femoral artery model in rats.

OBJECT The authors have previously shown that a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that recognizes intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), also known as CD54, when administered systemically inhibits experimental vasospasm in a rat femoral artery model, suggesting that ICAM-1 and leukocyte-endothelial adhesion play a crucial role in the molecular chain of events leading to posthemorrhagic vasospasm. In this report the authors confirm this hypothesis with mAbs directed against lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1 ([LFA-1] CD11a/CD18), the molecule on the surface of leukocytes that interacts with ICAM-1. METHODS Femoral arteries in 38 Sprague-Dawley rats were isolated and exposed to autologous blood. Twenty-nine animals were then randomized into three groups and received intraperitoneal injections of anti-LFA-1 mAb (10 rats), anti-ICAM-1 mAb (10 rats), or an isotype-matched control mAb (nine rats). Injections were administered at 3 hours and 3, 6, and 9 days after surgery. Before their deaths, six animals underwent spleen harvest, and splenocytes were used in fluorescence-activated cell sorter (FACS) analysis to verify saturation of appropriate binding sites. Animals were killed at 12 days and vessels were harvested for histological study and measurement of the luminal cross-sectional area. Nine animals were randomized as earlier, killed 24 hours after a single injection of mAb, and evaluated for periadventitial infiltration of granulocytes and macrophages. Results of FACS analysis demonstrated saturation of both LFA-1 and ICAM-1 binding sites in animals treated with the respective mAb. The mean ratios of blood-exposed to saline-exposed luminal cross-sectional areas (expressed as the percentage of lumen patency) were 90.1 +/- 5.8% (mean +/- standard error of the mean) for animals treated with the anti-LFA-1 mAb (p = 0.0218), 94.2 +/- 3.3% for animals treated with the anti-ICAM-1 mAb (p = 0.0067), and 62 +/- 7.4% for animals treated with the isotype-matched control mAb. Macrophage and granulocyte counts in the periadventitial region were 39.5 +/- 3.2/hpf for animals treated with anti-LFA-1 mAb (p = 0.001), 42 +/- 3.7/hpf for animals treated with anti-ICAM-1 mAb (p = 0.003), and 72.2 +/- 6.2/hpf for control animals. CONCLUSIONS The systemic administration of anti-LFA-1 or anti-ICAM-1 mAb initiated 3 hours after exposure to autologous blood inhibits the development of delayed chronic vasospasm at 12 days in a rat femoral artery model and leads to a significant reduction in periadventitial inflammatory cells at 24 hours. The authors conclude that blocking the migration of inflammatory cells across the endothelial surface of an artery after adventitial exposure to blood prevents the initiation of biological cascades necessary for the subsequent development of chronic vasospasm.
Asymmetric Oval-Shaped-Hole Photonic Crystal Waveguide Design by Artificial Intelligence Optimizers

This paper proposes a new kind of photonic crystal waveguide (PCW) called asymmetric oval-shaped-hole PCW (AOPCW). In this PCW, 20 structural parameters are considered, which provides a very flexible PCW to design. The large number of variables makes the design process of this new PCW almost impossible by the current manual try and error methods. Therefore, the AOPCW is optimized automatically by the artificial intelligence optimization technique in three phases. First, the AOPCW is optimized to maximize normalized delay-bandwidth product. Second, it is optimized with respect to two objectives: averaged of group index (n̅g) and normalized bandwidth (Δω/ω0). Third, group velocity dispersion is also considered in addition to the two objectives in the second phase, so AOPCW is optimized with respect to three objectives. In all of the three phases, a band mixing avoidance mechanism is also considered and handled. The comparative study of the optimized designs proves that the proposed AOPCW is able to substantially outperform the current PCW structures in the literature. This paper also considers and discusses time-domain simulation issues of the PCW-based optical buffer.
Ethical and Professional Considerations in Psychological Assessment

Professional activities and ethical practices of psychologists who administer psychodiagnostic assessment and testing devices are explored. A return rate of 72% on a survey of WO subjects indicated considerable interest in the subject matter. A majority of the respondents' ethical practices were apparently in keeping with established ethical principles; however, a diversity of professional styles was evident. Most respondents gave feedback to the clients, with a large percentage willing to give feedback on projective as well as objective tests. Although most respondents kept old cases safely under lock, few appeared to have followed American Psychological Association guidelines to detach names from raw data on obsolete materials. Psychological or psychodiagnos tic testing is primarily taught by apprenticeshi p. Internships typically expect their better applicants to have had one or two courses on psychological testing and about 400 hours of practicum experience in testing (Petzel & Berndt, 1980). Further supervised experience for the aspiring young intern is provided in the internship. Despite formal training and supervision in testing, psychology trainees are likely to have encountered little discussion of ethical and professional standards for test administration and interpretation. Petzelt and Craddick (1978) have briefly discussed both the topic of ethics and the humanistic treatment of psychological testing, whereas Baldick (1980) has stressed that in the "age of consumerism," psychologists should not underestimate the importance of ethics training. Baldick (1980) demonstrated a strong relationship between training in ethics and increased sensitivity to ethical problems by psychology interns. Unfortunately, even those groups with formal ethics training were not sufficiently sensitive, and Baldick advocated greater sensitization of students. The neglect of ethical implications of assessment procedures is particularly troublesome, and interns and students are often exposed to role models with value systems and professional practices that are contradictory or at best confusing to a trainee struggling with his or her professional identity. Nevertheless, ethical guidelines and standards for administration and interpretation of tests are available. Principle 8 of the Ethical Principles of Psychologists (American Psychological Association [APA], 1981) suggests that in using assessment techniques, psychologists respect the right of the clients to have full explanations of the nature and purpose of the techniques in language the clients understand, unless an explicit exception to this right has been agreed upon in advance.
Predicted Sum: A Robust Measurement-Based Admission Control with Online Traffic Prediction

We present a new measurement-based admission control (MBAC) scheme with online traffic prediction, referred to as predicted sum (PS). A simple adaptive online traffic predictor based on normalized least mean squares (NLMS) algorithm is employed. Our scheme has two unique merits: (1) robustness to traffic characteristics and network environment, and (2) easy and accurate control for the provisioning of network utilization and quality-of-service. The simulation results demonstrate its significant performance enhancement over the well-known MBAC measured sum (MS) scheme
LSP-based multiple-description coding for real-time low bit-rate voice over IP

A fundamental issue in real-time interactive voice transmissions over unreliable IF networks is the loss or late arrival of packets for playback. This problem is especially serious when transmitting low bit rate-coded speech with pervasive dependencies introduced. In this case, the loss or late arrival of a single packet will lead to the loss of subsequent dependent frames. We study end-to-end loss-concealment schemes for ensuring high quality in playback. We propose a novel multiple description-coding method for concealing packet losses in transmitting low bit rate-coded speech. Based on high correlations observed in linear predictor parameters-in the form of Line Spectral Pairs (LSPs)-of adjacent frames, we generate multiple descriptions in senders by interleaving LSPs, and reconstruct lost LSPs in receivers by linear interpolations. As excitation codewords have low correlations, we further enlarge the segment size for excitation generation and replicate excitation codewords in all the descriptions in order to maintain the same transmission bandwidth. Our proposed scheme can be extended easily to more than two descriptions and can adapt its number of descriptions dynamically to network-loss conditions. Experimental results on FS-1016 CELP, ITU G.723. 1, and FS MELP coders show good performance of our scheme.
Personality and Attitude Toward Christianity Among Undergraduates

Four samples of 454, 333, 292, and 224 undergraduates completed the Francis Scale of attitude toward Christianity together with the short form Revised Eysenck Personality Questionnaire. The data demonstrate that a positive attitude toward Christianity is unrelated to either extraversion or neuroticism but is negatively correlated with scores on the psychoticism scale.
Populism and criminal justice policy: An Australian case study of non-punitive responses to alcohol-related violence

Populism is widely regarded in the literature as a negative and inherently punitive influence on criminal justice policy. This article challenges this view and highlights the ways in which populism can produce forms of citizen engagement in the criminal justice context that are new and progressive. These possibilities are illustrated through a close analysis of the responses to a single instance of ‘random’ fatal violence: the killing of Thomas Kelly in King’s Cross, Sydney, in 2012. This case study shows how a populist campaign powerfully realigned political allegiances to call for, and achieve, real and enduring action from the New South Wales Government in addressing alcohol-related violence.
Patterns of continuity and disruption

This article analyzes inter-generational continuity and cultural reproduction in three transitional countries: Estonia, Latvia and the Czech Republic. We compare the levels of internalization of factor structures of self-identification and values among young people and older generations. We focus specifically on a comparison of young people representing the two main ethno-linguistic groups in Estonia and Latvia: ethnic Estonians, or Latvians, and Russians. The data are derived from representative population surveys carried out in the three countries in November 2005 and spring 2006. In general, we observed greater inter-generational continuity in the Czech Republic, compared with Estonia and Latvia. Cultural reproduction among the ethnic minorities in both Baltic countries has been most vulnerable to transitional changes: Russian youngsters differ from their parents to a greater extent than do young Estonians and Latvians from theirs.
Crime , Police Corruption and Development

Recently economists have begun to study various aspects of public sector institutions (with their behavioral neighborhoods) and their effects on the long run economic development. Degrees of corruption, rule of law and protection of property rights have all apparently significant economic impact. These results are all based on the construction of indicators for these difficult-to-observe explanatory variable complexes. In most cases the indicators applied have been developed for most countries and have on the one hand ‘nice’ statistical properties when embedded in regression equations, but on the other hand are conceptually fuzzy with unclear relationships to basic observations. In this paper we go through many of the same relationships, but based on international efforts to collect questionnaire information about citizens’ experience with crime and police corruption. This information is more conceptually distinct and likely to be more closely related to relevant experience, but proves on the other hand less amenable to econometric analysis. Despite the latter weakness we have found it worthwhile to pursue it in order to complement the indicatorbased approaches.
Police Peacekeeping: Health Risks and Challenges in a Post-Conflict Environment

This study addressed the issue of negative outcomes experienced by police peacekeepers following work in a post-conflict environment. Responses from nearly 600 active and retired police officers who had participated in at least one peacekeeping mission, were analysed to determine baseline data on a range of work, interpersonal, and family issues experienced by police peacekeepers. The data from the present survey were also compared with previous sick-leave data collected as part of a work attendance management project. The results suggest that police peacekeepers have relatively few negative outcomes following the mission, that the level of extended sick leave is lower for peacekeepers than for personnel who have not been on a peacekeeping mission, and that the average number of sick days taken by peacekeepers does not change significantly following a peacekeeping mission. While alcohol consumption increases for peacekeepers during the mission, it returns to normal rates for most individuals following repatriation. The study concludes that participating in a peacekeeping mission does not pose an inordinate risk for police officers, and is a positive experience for many. In general, the screening and selection process appears to be working very well.
A cognitive behavioural approach to the treatment of bulimia

Synopsis Bulimia nervosa is a relatively common eating disorder which has a significant physical and psychological morbidity and a poor prognosis. A behavioural approach to its treatment is described. This focuses on increasing control over eating, eliminating food avoidance and changing maladaptive attitudes. Preliminary findings are promising, with improvement appearing to be maintained. Components of the treatment may benefit patients who simply complain of overeating.
Living documents: A feminist psychosocial approach to the relational politics of policy documentation

This paper challenges dominant analyses of policy documents and documentation practices as coercive welfare technologies. Instead it develops an interdisciplinary feminist psychosocial analysis which posits policy documents as material semiotic actors in the process of governance, produced through and productive of the social relations of public service provision. It uses an empirical case study from the author's experience in equalities policy making in education to develop an understanding of the multiple social relations constituted through document production. It applies the concepts of boundary object and transitional phenomena to understand the ways in which policy documents enable collective resistance to dominant constructions of otherness and alterity in equalities work and policy. The paper also considers how this sort of analysis highlights `uncomfortable truths' around the position of critical social researchers in document production for policy purposes.
Architecture and crisis: re‐inventing the icon, re‐imag(in)ing London and re‐branding the City

Over the last decade, London�s skyline is changing significantly with a new generation of iconic buildings, of which the Swiss-Re Tower is the most well known. Despite the fact that most of these buildings are located in the City (London�s financial heart) little attention has been paid to the relationship between the transformation of London�s skyline and the recent institutional reconfiguration of the Corporation of London, the authority that runs the City. Focusing empirically on the City�s iconic architecture, and foregrounding a period of institutional crisis for the Corporation (1970-1990), the paper: first, departs from the standard analysis of iconic buildings as signifiers of economic success, and sketches a framework for examining the role of iconic architecture during moments of crisis; second, it offers a new approach to understanding the City�s iconic commissions: not as signifiers of London�s international economic power, but as symptoms of changes in the institutions and elites that promote the City�s new urbanity. The article details how the internationalisation of London�s economy after the 1970s challenged the Corporation�s insular character. The Corporation�s resistance to the �invasion� of foreign companies, people and architectural styles in the City in the midst of a rapid expansion of London�s economy and growing inter-urban competition, led to open threats from the government for the abolition of the Corporation. Responding to these threats, the Corporation reinvented itself with an institutional reform and re-branded its identity in the early 2000s as an outward looking institution, open to London�s new transnational elites. The 2002 Unitary Development Plan that introduced a new architectural language in the City, corresponds to the same need to construct a new imaginary identity for a re-branded Corporation. Towering over the City�s traditional signifiers, the City�s new buildings constitute an ode to the Corporation�s new identity and a visual Coup d��tat against its time-old heritage oriented planning.
EFFECTS OF SKILL‐BASED VERSUS INFORMATION‐BASED DIVORCE EDUCATION PROGRAMS ON DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND PARENTAL COMMUNICATION

This study used a pre- and postevaluation with a control group to compare the effectiveness of two divorce education programs: skill-based Children in the Middle (CIM) and informationbased Children First in Divorce (CFD). Each treatment group consisted of approximately 125 divorcing parents mandated to attend divorce education in Florida. The control group consisted of 64 divorcing parents not mandated to attend divorce education in Alabama for lack of a program. Treatment and control parents lived in comparable cities with comparable demographics. Results indicate that CIM, not CFD, improved parental communication. Both CIM and CFD reduced child exposure to parental conflict. Neither program had effects on domestic violence, actual parental conflict, or child behavior problems. Across all groups, parents with greater divorce knowledge and communication skills experienced more reciprocal discussions with the other parent, less parental conflict, less domestic violence, and they exposed children to less conflict. Language: en
Development of the Web Users Self-Efficacy Scale (WUSE)

The aim of this research was to develop a scale that could evaluate an individuals confidence in using the Internet. Web-based resources are becoming increasingly important within higher education and it is therefore vital that students and staff feel confident and competent in the access, provision, and utilisation of these resources. The scale developed here represents an extension of previous research (Cassidy & Eachus, 2002) that developed a measure of self-efficacy in the context of computer use. An iterative approach was used in the development of the Web User Self-Efficacy scale (WUSE) and the participants were recruited from the student body of a large University in the North West of the United Kingdom, and globally via a web site set up for this purpose. Initial findings suggest that the scale has acceptable standards of reliability and validity though work is continuing to refine the scale and improve the psychometric properties of the tool.
A Comparison of Adolescents’ Friendship Networks by Advanced Coursework Participation Status

Friendships serve as a source of support and as a context for developing social competence. Although advanced coursework may provide a unique context for the development of friendships, more research is needed to explore exactly what differences exist. Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health and the Adolescent Health and Academic Achievement Study, we compared the friendship networks of students taking advanced mathematics and English coursework to those of similar nonparticipants. Groups were compared on the number of sent or received nominations based on students’ listings of friends, the presence and reciprocation of best friendships, and friends’ academic engagement and diversity. Controlling for background, advanced coursework participants had larger networks and more engaged friends than did nonparticipants. Small differences in age heterogeneity and in the likelihood of reciprocal best friendships with female friends were found in English course-taking. Participants’ networks were also somewhat less racially diverse.
Auditory Pitch as a Perceptual Analogue to Odor Quality

Experiments in cross-modal matching suggest that smells can be arranged by odor quality along the color dimensions of hue and lightness Here we report that subjects readily adjust the loudness-equalized pitch of an auditory tone to match a stimulus odor The results allow odors to be arranged in sequence by their pitch-equivalents The tone matches appear to be based on perceptual features of olfaction other than stimulus intensity or pleasantness The results suggest that features of odor quality may be more accessible and structured than previously acknowledged.
Rapid Nearshore Wave Climate using Satellite Measurements

To provide rapid access to reliable wave and wind climate information worldwide, a resource has been created combining • a global offshore windand wave data-base, currently containing calibrated and validated spectral wave data from a wave hindcast model as well data from several satellite microwave sensors; • a simple but effective numerical model to predict nearshore wave conditions from the offshore spectra; • analysis tools to extract various climate parameters from the data such as scatter tables, extreme value analysis and persistency; • a web interface giving instantaneous access to the most commonly needed information. The resource is primarily intended for use in planning and design of operations typically requiring five years of data, but it an also be used for the design of certain structures, as there are now 18 years of significant wave height data from satellite radar altimeter available. This paper describes the components of the system and discusses their merits and limitations. We also present some results of the validation of the global satellite wave and wind data, of the global and regional wave model hindcasts, and of the nearshore wave transformation employed to obtain wave climate at sheltered or shallow-water sites.