Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH DAN KOMUNIKASI MATEMATIK MELALUI PENDEKATAN PROBLEM POSING DALAM PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA DI SMA

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan kemampuan siswa SMA dalam pemecahan masalah dan komunikasi matematik melalui pendekatan problem posing dalam pembelajaran matematika. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuasi eksperimen. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa di salah satu SMA Negeri di Kabupaten Garut. Sampel penelitian dipilih secara acak berdasarkan kelas, sampelnya adalah kelas XII IPA 1 yang mendapat pembelajaran menggunakan pendekatan problem posing dan siswa kelas XII IPA 3 yang mendapat pembelajaran konvensional. Simpulan hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa dalam pembelajaran matematika di SMA: 1. Kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematik siswa yang mendapatkan pendekatan problem posing lebih baik dibandingkan dengan konvensional, 2. Tidak terdapat perbedaan kemampuan komunikasi matematik antara siswa yang mendapatkan pendekatan problem posing dengan konvensional, 3. Tidak terdapat kaitan yang signifikan antara kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematik dengan kemampuan komunikasi matematik pada siswa yang mendapatkan pendekatan problem posing. The purpose of this research is to improve the ability of high school students in problem solving and communication of mathematics through problem posing approach to learning mathematics. The method used is a quasi-experimental method. The study population was one of the students in high schools in Garut. Samples were selected randomly based on the class, the sample is a class XII IPA 1 gets learning using problem posing approach and class XII IPA 3 students who received conventional learning. Conclusion The results of this study is that the study of mathematics in high school: 1. mathematical problem solving ability of students to get a better problem posing approach compared to conventional, 2. there is no difference in the ability of mathematical communication between students who received conventional approach to problem posing, 3. there was no significant association between mathematical problem solving skills with communication skills in students who get a mathematical problem posing approach.
Automatic gait characterization for a mobility assistance system

This paper addresses gait analysis for a mobility assistance robot designed for the elderly people. Six patients and ten healthy peoples were invited to be part of our first pilot experiment. We designed two experiments so as to firstly detect gait parameters and secondly to identify a change of speed. For the first trial, we compared the temporal-distance parameters of the healthy people and of individuals suffering of mobility problems. The percentages of the gait cycle for duration of stance are higher for people with mobility impairment than for healthy people. In the second experiment, we detected the change in walking speed from the ten healthy peoples. Two different metrics derived from the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence and from the Generalized Likelihood Ratio (GLR) were employed for walking change detection. The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves show a better performance for the signal obtained with the accelerometer sensor than that obtained with the infrared distance sensor. Nevertheless, the results of our experiments demonstrated that both methodologies (KL and GLR) can be used to detect the change points during walking at high or slow speed.
Learning Models of Network Traffic for Detecting Novel Attacks

Network intrusion detection systems often rely on matching patterns that are gleaned from known attacks. While this method is reliable and rarely produces false alarms, it has the obvious disadvantage that it cannot detect novel attacks. An alternative approach is to learn a model of normal traffic and report deviations, but these anomaly models are typically restricted to modeling IP addresses and ports, and do not include the application payload where many attacks occur. We describe a novel approach to anomaly detection. We extract a set of attributes from each event (IP packet or TCP connection), including strings in the payload, and induce a set of conditional rules which have a very low probability of being violated in a nonstationary model of the normal network traffic in the training data. In the 1999 DARPA intrusion detection evaluation data set, we detect about 60% of 190 attacks at a false alarm rate of 10 per day (100 total). We believe that anomaly detection can work because most attacks exploit software or configuration errors that escaped field testing, so are only exposed under unusual conditions.
Nucleus accumbens neuronal maturation differences in young rats bred for low versus high voluntary running behaviour

Selective breeding experiments with laboratory rodents have demonstrated the heritability of voluntary exercise. We performed RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analyses of the reward and pleasure hub in the brain – the nucleus accumbens – in rats selectively bred for low voluntary running (LVR) versus high voluntary running (HVR). The discovery of unique genes and ‘cell cycle’‐related gene pathways between lines guided our hypothesis that neuron maturation may be lower in LVR rats. Testing of this hypothesis revealed that the LVR line inherently possessed fewer mature medium spiny neurons and fewer immature neurons than their HVR counterparts. However, minimal running in LVR rats appeared to rescue and/or reverse these effects. Neuron maturation in the nucleus accumbens is related to low running voluntary behaviour in our model; this allows researchers to understand the potential neural mechanisms that underlie the motivations for low physical activity behaviour.
Histological classification of canine ovarian cyst types with reference to medical history

Ovaries of 21 bitches presented with gynecopathies were surgically removed and histologically examined. Standard histological, as well as immunohistochemical, classification of 193 cystic structures resulted in the classification of 72 cysts of subsurface epithelial structures (SES), 61 follicular cysts (FCs), 38 cystic rete ovarii (CRO), 13 lutein cysts (LCs), and 9 non-classifiable cysts (NCCs). In addition to the histological classification, results were interpreted according to subject medical history, clinical examination outcome, and macroscopic observations during ovariohysterectomy. Dogs with ovarian cysts (OCs) and associated reproductive perturbations were mostly nulliparous, of large breed, and had an average of 9.5 ± 3 years. Prolonged or shortened inter-estrus intervals of past heats, however, seemed to be relatively low-risk factors for the development of OCs in dogs. Furthermore, we provide histological observations of a rarely seen canine LC including a degenerated oocyte in the central cavity.
An Analytical and Experimental Study of Super-Seeding in BitTorrent-Like P2P Networks

With the popularity of BitTorrent-like P2P applications, improving its performance has been an active research area. Super-seeding, a special upload policy for the initial seeder, improves the efficiency in producing multiple seeds and reduces the uploading bytes of content initiators, thus being highly expected as a promising solution for improving downloading performance while decreasing uploading cost. However, the overall impacts of super seeding upon BitTorrent performance remain a question and have not been analyzed so far in literature. In this paper, we present an analytical and experimental study over the performance of super-seeding scheme. We attempt to answer the following questions: whether and how much super-seeding saves uploading cost, whether the overall downloading time is decreased by super-seeding, and in which circumstances super-seeding performs worse. Based on the seeding process, our analytical study gives formulas on the new piece distribution time, average downloading time and minimum distribution time for heterogeneous P2P file distribution system with super-seeding. Robust evidence supporting the use (or not) of super-seeding is given based on our worldwide Internet experiments over wide distribution of 250 PlanetLab nodes. With a well-designed experimental scenario, we study the overall download time and upload cost of super seeding scheme under varying seed bandwidth and peer behavior. Results show that super-seeding can save an upload ratio of 20% and does help speeding up swarms in certain modes. Tentative conclusions about the effectiveness of super-seeding and its optimal working circumstances are given with inside mechanism analyzed and negative factor identified. Our work not only provides reference for the potential adoption of super-seeding in BitTorrent and other P2P applications, but also much insights for the tussle of enhancing of Quality of Experience (QoE) and saving cost for a large-scale BitTorrent-like P2P commercial application.
The Effects of Adolescent Self-Regulated Learning on Engagement in a College Access Program: An Exploratory Study

College access programs (CAPs) aim to promote college readiness for adolescents, particularly those who may be the first in their family to go to college. Self-regulated learning is a critical component of college readiness. There is limited information about how self-regulated learning beliefs or intentions influence adolescent engagement in CAPs. Using the theory of planned behavior as a guiding framework, the purpose of this study was to examine direct and indirect effects of adolescent self-regulated learning beliefs (i.e., attitudes, norms, and perceived behavioral control) and intentions on participation in activities offered by a regional, federally funded CAP program (Gaining Early Awareness and Readiness for Undergraduate Programs; GEAR UP). Structural equation modeling was the analytic technique. We found positive relationships between self-regulated learning beliefs (perceived behavioral control), intentions, and GEAR UP participation. Implications and directions for future research on self-regulated learning within the context of CAP initiatives are discussed.
TRP Channels and Pruritus

Itch (pruritus) is one of the most often seen sensory phenomena in clinical practice. Recent neurophysiological findings proposed the existence of a novel pruriceptive system which includes a multitude of pruritogenic (itch-inducing) peripheral mediators, itch-selective pruriceptors, sensory afferent networks, spinal cord neurons, and certain central nerv- ous system regions. In this review, we first introduce major features of the pruriceptive system. We then focus on defining the roles of transient receptor potential (TRP) ion channels in skin-coupled itch and provide compelling evidence that cer- tain thermosensitive TRP channels (especially TRPV1, TRPV3, TRPV4, and TRPA1) are indeed key players in pruritus pathogenesis. Finally, we propose TRP-centered future experimental directions towards the therapeutic targeting of TRP channels in the clinical management of itch.
MENERAPKAN MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES DALAM PEMBELAJARAN DI SEKOLAH DASAR

Kecerdasan adalah kemampuan yang dimiliki seseorang yang meliputi pengetahuan, keterampilan dan keahlian untuk menyelesaikan masalahnya.Pada hakikatnya setiap individu memiliki beberapa kecerdasan diantaranya kecerdasan bahasa/linguistik, logis-matematis, visual-spasial, kinestetik, interpersonal, intrapersonal, musikal, dan naturalis. Tetapi kombinasi dan porsi kecerdasan yang dimiliki tiap individu tidak sama tergantung pada bagaimana cara mengembangkan segala kecerdasan yang telah ada.Dengan memahami bahwa tiap individu terlahir dengan berbagai jenis kecerdasan, diharapkan para pendidik tidak hanya menganggap bahwa siswa yang cerdas dan berprestasi hanyalah siswa yang cerdas secara akademik. Karena ada berbagai potensi besar lainnya yang dimiliki siswa selain kemampuan dibidang akademik saja. Kedelapan kecerdasan dapat beroperasi dalam mendampingi secara independen satu sama lain. Berbekal teori kecerdasan majemuk seorang guru secara tidak langsung dapat menguasai dan belajar berbagai metode pembelajaran. Sehingga fungsi guru sebagai pendidik, pembimbing, pelatih, penasehat, pembaharu, pendorong kreativitas, pembangkit, evaluator sehingga anak didik dapat berhasil secara optimal
Quantifying Resiliency of IaaS Cloud

Cloud based services may experience changes – internal, external, large, small – at any time. Predicting and quantifying the effects on the quality-of-service during and after a change are important in the resiliency assessment of a cloud based service. In this paper, we quantify the resiliency of infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) cloud when subject to changes in demand and available capacity. Using a stochastic reward net based model for provisioning and servicing requests in a IaaS cloud, we quantify the resiliency of IaaS cloud w.r. t. two key performance measures – job rejection rate and provisioning response delay.
3610 Weight Gain in Adolescents and Their Peers

Weight Gain in Adolescents and Their Peers Despite the urgent public health implications, relatively little is yet known about the effect of peers on adolescent weight gain. We describe trends and features of adolescent BMI in a nationally representative dataset and document correlations in weight gain among peers. We find strong correlations between own body mass index (BMI) and peers’ BMI’s. Though the correlations are especially strong in the upper ends of the BMI distribution, the relationship is smooth and holds over almost the entire range of adolescent BMI. Furthermore, the results are robust to the inclusion of school fixed effects and basic controls for other confounding factors such as race, sex, and age. Some recent research in this area asks whether or not adolescent weight gain is caused by peers. We discuss the econometric difficulties in plausibly estimating such effects. Our results do not rule out the existence of these types of social network effects. JEL Classification: I10, I12
Efficacy analysis of pedicle screw internal fixation of fractured vertebrae in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures

The present study aimed to discuss the method and effect of posterior internal fixation of thoracolumbar fractures strengthened by the vertical stress pedicle screw fixation of fractured vertebrae. Patients with single thoracolumbar fractures were examined retrospectively. Fourteen patients (group A) had been treated with vertical stress pedicle screw fixation of a fractured vertebra and sixteen patients (group B) received traditional double-plate fixation, as a control. All patients were diagnosed with fresh fractures with a complete unilateral or bilateral pedicle and no explosion of the inferior half of the vertebral body or inferior endplate. In group A, patients received conventional posterior distraction and lumbar lordosis restoration, as well as pedicle screws in the fractured vertebra in a vertical direction to relieve stress to achieve a local stress balance. All patients were followed up postoperatively for 4–18 months (average, 12.6 months). The vertical stress pedicle screw fixation assisted in the reduction of vertebrae fracture, which reduced the postoperative Cobb’s angle loss. There was a significant difference in the change of Cobb’s angle between the two groups one year after surgery (P<0.01). Conditional application of pedicle screws in a single thoracolumbar fracture enhances the stability of the internal fixation system and is conducive to the correction of kyphosis and maintenance of the corrective effects.
Near-Infrared Photometric Variability of Stars toward the Orion A Molecular Cloud

We present an analysis of J, H, and Ks time-series photometry obtained with the southern 2MASS telescope over a 0. °84 × 6° region centered near the Trapezium region of the Orion Nebula cluster. These data are used to establish the near-infrared variability properties of pre–main-sequence stars in Orion on timescales of ∼1–36 days, ∼2 months, and ∼2 years. A total of 1235 near-infrared variable stars are identified, ∼93% of which are likely associated with the Orion A molecular cloud. The variable stars exhibit a diversity of photometric behavior with time, including cyclic fluctuations with periods up to 15 days, aperiodic day-to-day fluctuations, eclipses, slow drifts in brightness over 1 month or longer, colorless variability (within the noise limits of the data), stars that become redder as they fade, and stars that become bluer as they fade. The mean peak-to-peak amplitudes of the photometric fluctuations are ∼0.2 mag in each band, and 77% of the variable stars have color variations less than 0.05 mag. The more extreme stars in our sample have amplitudes as large as ∼2 mag and change in color by as much as ∼1 mag. The typical timescale of the photometric fluctuations is less than a few days, indicating that near-infrared variability results primarily from short-term processes. We examine rotational modulation of cool and hot starspots, variable obscuration from an inner circumstellar disk, and changes in the mass accretion rate and other physical properties in a circumstellar disk as possible physical origins of the near-infrared variability. Cool spots alone can explain the observed variability characteristics in ∼56%–77% of the stars, while the properties of the photometric fluctuations are more consistent with hot spots or extinction changes in at least 23% of the stars, and with variations in the disk mass accretion rate or inner disk radius in ∼1% of our sample. However, differences between the details of the observations and the details of variability predicted by hot-spot, extinction, and accretion disk models suggest either that another variability mechanism not considered here may be operative or that the observed variability represents the net results of several of these phenomena. Analysis of the star-count data indicates that the Orion Nebula cluster is part of a larger area of enhanced stellar surface density that extends over a 0. °4 × 2. °4 (3.4 pc × 20 pc) region containing ∼2700 stars brighter than Ks = 14 mag.
The Companions We Keep: A Situational Analysis and Proposed Typology of Companion Animal Cruelty Offenses

ABSTRACT Abuse and neglect of nonhuman companion animals (i.e., pets) are not well understood as crime phenomena even though the keeping of animals as companions is relatively commonplace, reports of abuse and neglect are not at all rare, and the media generally serves to reinforce this notion that cruelty is a frequently occurring and widespread problem. This study is a typological content analysis of situational factors in 179 cases of companion animal cruelty featured in news media reported in the United States during the first six months of 2013.
The Effects of Writing Choice Prompt on the Written Narratives of Students With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders: A Case Study of an Abandoned Single-Case Design

In this study, we investigated the effects of choice of writing prompt on the number of story elements included in written narratives. The investigation took place in a residential facility for students with emotional and behavioral disorders. Participants included six female students in a mixed-grade-level course (students had just completed Grades 7–10). A withdrawal single-case research design was planned for each participant. However, the study was abandoned after only initial baseline and intervention phases because choice of writing prompt appeared to have null or countertherapeutic effects on the number of story elements written. Potential explanations for why these findings are inconsistent with other studies using choice making, including considerations of the file drawer effect for studies with null findings, are presented. Limitations and future directions also are discussed.
Automatic understanding of group behavior using fuzzy temporal logic

Automatic behavior understanding refers to the generation of situation descriptions from machine perception. World models created through machine perception can be used by a reasoning engine to deduce knowledge about the observed scene. For this study, the required machine perception is annotated, allowing us to focus on the reasoning problem. The applied reasoning engine is based on fuzzy metric temporal logic and situation graph trees. It is evaluated in a case study on automatic behavior report generation for staff training purposes in crisis response control rooms. The idea is to use automatically generated reports for multimedia retrieval to increase the effectiveness of learning from recorded staff exercises. To achieve automatic report generation, various group situations are deduced from annotated person tracks, object information, and annotated information about gestures, body pose, and speech activity. The contribution of this paper consists of improvements to the existing knowledge base that models the group situations, and a quantitative evaluation using a substantial set of self-developed data and ground-truth. We also describe recent improvements to the self-developed software tools for annotating and visualizing data, ground-truth, and results.
HARVESTING SYSTEMS FOR WESTERN STAND HEALTH IMPROVEMENT CUTTINGS

A significant percentage of the forested area in the western United States is comprised of stands that have been altered over time by human activities, especially fire suppression, and are now being damaged by droughts, insect attacks, and wildfires. These stands should be returned to a condition where “biotic and abiotic influences do not threaten resource management objectives now or in the future. ” This paper compares and contrasts harvesting systems that have recently been tested on the east side of the Cascades, in the Sierra Nevada, and in New Mexico, with the objectives of reducing the hazards of catastrophic change of ecosystem structure and composition, and restoring critical ecosystem processes.