Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changing topographic Hox expression in blood vessels results in regionally distinct vessel wall remodeling

Summary The distinct topographic Hox expression patterns observed in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of the adult cardiovascular system suggest that these transcriptional regulators are critical for maintaining region-specific physiological properties of blood vessels. To test this proposition, we expanded the vascular Hoxc11 expression domain normally restricted to the lower limbs by utilizing an innovative integrated tetracycline regulatory system and Transgelin promoter elements to induce Hoxc11 expression universally in VSMCs of transgenic mice. Ectopic Hoxc11 expression in carotid arteries, aortic arch and descending aorta resulted in drastic vessel wall remodeling involving elastic laminae fragmentation, medial smooth muscle cell loss, and intimal lesion formation. None of these alterations were observed upon induction of Hoxc11 transgene expression in the femoral artery, i.e. the natural Hoxc11 activity domain, although this vessel was greatly enlarged, comparable to the topographically restricted vascular changes seen in Hoxc11−/− mice. To begin defining Hoxc11-controlled pathways of vascular remodeling, we performed immunolabeling studies in conjunction with co-transfection and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays using mouse vascular smooth muscle (MOVAS) cells. The results suggest direct transcriptional control of two members of the matrix metalloproteinase (Mmp) family, including Mmp2 and Mmp9 that are known as key players in the inception and progression of vascular remodeling events. In summary, the severe vascular abnormalities resulting from the induced dysregulated expression of a Hox gene with regional vascular patterning functions suggest that proper Hox function and regulation is critical for maintaining vascular functional integrity.
Characterization of Thymic Nurse-Cell Lymphocytes, Using an Improved Procedure for Nurse-Cell Isolation

Thymic nurse cells (TNC), multicellular complexes consisting of lymphoid cells enclosed within cortical epithelial cells, were isolated from mouse thymus by a modified procedure allowing immunofluorescent labeling and flow cytometric analysis of their lymphoid contents (TNC-L). Collagenase was the only protease used for tissue digestion, to ensure that surface antigen markers remained intact. Zonal unit-gravity elutriation was used to enrich the TNC on the basis of their high sedimentation rate, followed by immunomagnetic bead depletion to remove residual mononuclear cell contaminants and a density separation to remove debris. The TNC-L were then released from inside TNC by a short period of culture. The measured contamination of TNC-L with exogenous thymocytes was around 0.5%. Three-color immunofluorescent labeling revealed that TNC-L included, as well as a maiority of immature CD4+8+3low thymocytes, about 12% of apparently mature CD4+8-3high and CD4-8+3high thymocytes. TNC are located in the cortex, where mature cells are rare; the occurrence of mature phenotype cells within these structures suggests that they represent a microenvironment for the selection and generation of mature T cells.
The sensitivity of communication mechanisms to bandwidth and latency

The goal of this paper is to gain insight into the relative performance of communication mechanisms as bisection bandwidth and network latency vary. We compare shared memory with and without prefetching, message passing with interrupts and with polling, and bulk transfer via DMA. We present two sets of experiments involving four irregular applications on the MIT Alewife multiprocessor. First, we introduce I/O cross-traffic to vary bisection bandwidth. Second, we change processor clock speeds to vary relative network latency. We establish a framework from which to understand a range of results. On Alewife, shared memory provides good performance, even on producer-consumer applications with little data-reuse. On machines with lower bisection bandwidth and higher network latency, however, message-passing mechanisms become important. In particular, the high communication volume of shared memory threatens to become difficult to support on future machines without expensive, high-dimensional networks. Furthermore, the round-trip nature of shared memory may not be able to tolerate the latencies of future networks.
International Journal for Equity in Health Open Access Promoting Lgbt Health and Wellbeing through Inclusive Policy Development

In this paper we argue the importance of including gender and sexually diverse populations in policy development towards a more inclusive form of health promotion. We emphasize the need to address the broad health and wellbeing issues and needs of LGBT people, rather than exclusively using an illness-based focus such as HIV/AIDS. We critically examine the limitations of population health, the social determinants of health (SDOH), and public health goals, in light of the lack of recognition of gender and sexually diverse individuals and communities. By first acknowledging the unique health and social care needs of LGBT people, then employing anti-oppressive, critical and intersectional analyses we offer recommendations for how to make population health perspectives, public health goals, and the design of public health promotion policy more inclusive of gender and sexual diversity. In health promotion research and practice, representation matters. It matters which populations are being targeted for health promotion interventions and for what purposes, and it matters which populations are being overlooked. In Canada, current health promotion policy is informed by population health and social determinants of health (SDOH) perspectives, as demonstrated by Public Health Goals for Canada. With Canada's multicultural makeup comes the challenge of ensuring that diverse populations are equitably and effectively recognized in public health and health promotion policy.
Behavioral and emotional disorders in adolescents : nature, assessment, and treatment

Part I: Introduction. Wolfe, Mash, Behavioral and Emotional Problems in Adolescents: Overview and Issues. Holmbeck, Friedman, Abad, Jandasek, Development and Psychopathology in Adolescence. Kamon, Tolan, Gorman-Smith, Interventions for Adolescent Psychopathology: Linking Treatment and Prevention. Part II: Externalizing Disorders. Barkley, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. McMahon, Kotler, Conduct Problems. Brown, Abrantes, Substance Use Disorders. Part III: Internalizing Disorders. Kendall, Aschenbrand, Hedtke, Anxiety Disorders. Rudolph, Hammen, Daley, Mood Disorders. Goldston, Daniel, Arnold, Suicidal and Nonsuicidal Self-Harm Behaviors. Part IV: Developmental Disorders. Hodapp, Kazemi, Rosner, Dykens, Mental Retardation. Lipka, Siegel, Learning Disabilities. Spector, Volkmar, Autism Spectrum Disorders. Part V: Personality and Health-related Disorders. Johnson, Bromley, Bornstein, Sneed, Personality Disorders. Lock, le Grange, Eating Disorders. Brown, Boeving, LaRosa, Carpenter, Health and Chronic Illness. Part VI: Sexual Disorders and Behavior. Zucker, Gender Identity Disorder. Kotchick, Armistead, Forehand, Sexual Risk Behavior. Barbaree, Langton, Deviant Sexual Behavior. Part VII: Maltreatment and Trauma. Jouriles, Wolfe, Garrido, McCarthy, Relationship Violence. Wolfe, Rawana, Chiodo, Abuse and Trauma.
Leadership based on asymmetric information

Rational players, unconstrained by contracts or formal authority, choose to follow a better-informed leader, whose action reveals part of her information. If the leader satisfies a credibility condition, then the unique nondegenerate equilibrium solves distinct shirking and coordination problems and achieves the first best. If credibility fails, as is more likely for a large organization, then followers ignore the leader, and equilibria are very inefficient. Appointing multiple leaders, or a high-cost leader, can restore credibility. If players invest privately in information, then a leader often appears endogenously. The equilibrium concept is an original extension of sequential equilibrium to continuous states. Copyright (c) 2010, RAND.
A Wearable Assistive Technology for the Visually Impaired with Door Knob Detection and Real-Time Feedback for Hand-to-Handle Manipulation

The visually impaired are consistently faced with mobility restrictions due to the lack of truly accessible environments. Even in structured settings, people with low vision may still have trouble navigating efficiently and safely due to hallway and threshold ambiguity. Assistive technologies that are currently available do not provide door and door-handle object detections nor do they concretely help the visually impaired reaching towards the object. In this paper, we propose an AI-driven wearable assistive technology that integrates door handle detection, user's real-time hand position in relation to this targeted object, and audio feedback for "joy stick-like command" for acquisition of the target and subsequent hand-to-handle manipulation. When fully envisioned, this platform will help end users locate doors and door handles and reach them with feedback, enabling them to travel safely and efficiently when navigating through environments with thresholds. Compared to the usual computer vision models, the one proposed in this paper requires significantly fewer computational resources, which allows it to pair with a stereoscopic camera running on a small graphics processing unit (GPU). This permits us to take advantage of its convenient portability. We also introduce a dataset containing different types of door handles and door knobs with bounding-box annotations, which can be used for training and testing in future research.
Molecular Determinants of Ligand Selectivity for the Human Multidrug and Toxin Extruder Proteins MATE1 and MATE2-K

The present study compared the selectivity of two homologous transport proteins, multidrug and toxin extruders 1 and 2-K (MATE1 and MATE2-K), and developed three-dimensional pharmacophores for inhibitory ligand interaction with human MATE1 (hMATE1). The human orthologs of MATE1 and MATE2-K were stably expressed in Chinese hamster ovary cells, and transport function was determined by measuring uptake of the prototypic organic cation (OC) substrate 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP). Both MATEs had similar apparent affinities for MPP, with Ktapp values of 4.4 and 3.7 μM for MATE1 and MATE2-K, respectively. Selectivity was assessed for both transporters from IC50 values for 59 structurally diverse compounds. Whereas the two transporters discriminated markedly between a few of the test compounds, the IC50 values for MATE1 and MATE2-K were within a factor of 3 for most of them. For hMATE1 there was little or no correlation between IC50 values and the individual molecular descriptors LogP, total polar surface area, or pKa. The IC50 values were used to generate a common-features pharmacophore, quantitative pharmacophores for hMATE1, and a Bayesian model suggesting molecular features favoring and not favoring the interaction of ligands with hMATE1. The models identified hydrophobic regions, hydrogen bond donor and hydrogen bond acceptor sites, and an ionizable (cationic) feature as key determinants for ligand binding to MATE1. In summary, using a combined in vitro and computational approach, MATE1 and MATE2-K were found to have markedly overlapping selectivities for a broad range of cationic compounds, including representatives from seven novel drug classes of Food and Drug Administration-approved drugs.
Positive organizational scholarship : foundations of a new discipline

Part I Introduction: foundations of positive organizational scholarship positive organizational studies - lessons from positive psychology. Part II Virtuous processes, strengths and positive organizing: virtues and organizations organizational virtuousness and performance positive organizing and organizational tragedy acts of gratitude in organizations organizing for resilience investing in strengths transcendent behaviour courageous principled action. Part III Upward spirals and positive change: positive emotions and upward spirals in organizations positive and negative emotions in organizations new knowledge creation in organizations positive deviance and extraordinary organizing towards a theory of positive organizational change authentic leadership and positive development. Part IV Positive meanings and positive community: the power of high-quality connections a relational theory of co-ordination finding positive meaning in work fostering meaningfulness in working and at work positive organizational network analysis and energizing relationships empowerment and cascading vitality. Part V Conclusion: developing a discipline of positive organizational scholarship.
Analyzing the Facebook Friendship Graph

Online Social Networks (OSN) during last years acquired a huge and increasing popularity as one of the most important emerging Web phenomena, deeply modifying the behavior of users and contributing to build a solid substrate of connections and relationships among people using the Web. In this preliminary work paper, our purpose is to analyze Facebook, considering a signi�cant sample of data re ecting relationships among subscribed users. Our goal is to extract, from this platform, relevant information about the distribution of these relations and exploit tools and algorithms provided by the Social Network Analysis (SNA) to discover and, possibly, understand underlying similarities between the developing of OSN and real-life social networks.
Using QIIME to Analyze 16S rRNA Gene Sequences from Microbial Communities

QIIME (canonically pronounced “chime”) is a software application that performs microbial community analysis. It is an acronym for Quantitative Insights Into Microbial Ecology, and has been used to analyze and interpret nucleic acid sequence data from fungal, viral, bacterial, and archaeal communities. The following protocols describe how to install QIIME on a single computer and use it to analyze microbial 16S sequence data from nine distinct microbial communities. Curr. Protoc. Bioinform. 36:10.7. 1‐10.7. 20. © 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Invasive group B streptococcal disease in adults. A population-based study in metropolitan Atlanta.

OBJECTIVE To define the incidence and clinical spectrum of group B streptococcus infection in adults. To characterize groups at increased risk for infection. DESIGN Retrospective population-based surveillance of group B streptococcus infections occurring in adults. Patients were identified by review of microbiology records at all surveillance area hospital laboratories. Demographic and clinical data were abstracted from patient medical records. SETTING Metropolitan Atlanta, Ga, 1982 through 1983. PATIENTS We identified 70 adult patients with invasive group B streptococcus infections; 14 infections occurred in pregnant women and 56 in nonpregnant adults. RESULTS The annual incidence of group B streptococcus infection in men and nonpregnant women was 2.4 cases per 100,000 population. Incidence increased with age and was higher in blacks than in whites. The case-fatality rate was 32%. Group B streptococcus was most often isolated from blood (71%) and soft tissue (16%). Common clinical presentations included skin and soft-tissue infection (36%), bacteremia without focus (34%), pneumonia (11%), arthritis (9%), and endocarditis (9%). Compared with the general population's risk of infection, the risk of infection in persons with diabetes mellitus was increased 10.5-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 7.8 to 14.4); in persons with cancer, it was increased 16.4-fold (95% CI, 11.5 to 23.3). CONCLUSIONS Group B streptococcus infections cause serious disease in adults as well as in neonates, providing an additional rationale for vaccine development. Determining the incidence of adult disease and groups at greatest risk will help in focusing prevention efforts.
Ortaöğretim Okulları Öğretmenlerinin Kararlara Katılma Durumları, Katılma İstekleri, İş Doyumları, Çatışmaları Yönetme Biçemleri

The purpose of this research study is to define teachers’ opinions who work at secondary education schools on the state of participating in decision-making process, demands of participating, job satisfactions and styles of conflict management and whether there is a significant relationship between these opinions. The population of the research, which is realized in the survey model, consists of the teachers who work at the secondary education schools in Istanbul. The research sample was formed by 516 teachers who were specified by the method of stratified sample component sampling and surveyed. The data was collected by means of the revised ‘Decision Involvement Analysis Questionnaire’, ‘Job Satisfaction Survey’-which was used for the fist time- and the retranslated ‘Rahim Organizational Conflict Inventory II-B Form’. Validity and reliability of the surveys and factor and item analysis were done again. The results of the research are: 1) the teachers participate in the decision-making process rarely and they are willing to participate, 2) job satisfactions of the teachers are low, 3) they use integrating, compromising, avoiding, obliging and dominating in order from the most to the least while managing the conflict, 4) there are significant differences in the opinions of teachers, 5) there are positive relationships between the opinions about participating in the decision-making process, job satisfaction and conflict management.
Speed sensorless state estimation for induction motors: A moving horizon approach

This paper investigates the speed sensorless state estimation problem for induction motors. Aiming at developing new state estimation means to improve the estimation bandwidth, this paper proposes various moving horizon estimation (MHE)-based state estimators. Applying the MHE for induction motors is not straightforward due to the fast convergence requirement, external torque disturbances, parametric model errors, etc. To improve speed estimation transient performance, we propose an MHE based on the full induction motor model and an assumed load torque dynamics. We further formulate an adaptive MHE to jointly estimate parameters and states and thus improve robustness of the MHE with respect to parametric uncertainties. A dual-stage adaptive MHE, which performs parameter and state estimation in two steps, is proposed to reduce computational complexity. Under certain circumstances, the dual-stage adaptive MHE is equivalent to the case with a recursive least square algorithm for parameter estimation and a conventional MHE for state estimation. Implementation issues and tuning of the estimators are discussed. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the proposed estimators can effectively estimate the induction motor states at a fast convergence rate, and the dual-stage adaptive MHE can provide converging state and parameter estimation despite the initial model parametric errors.
Family Violence and Criminal Justice: A Life-Course Approach

1. Family Violence and the Life-Course Perspective 2. Research Methodology and the Study of Family Violence and the Life Course 3. Explaining Family Violence 4. Violence at the Beginning of the Life Course: Child Abuse and Neglect 5. Violence in Early Adulthood and Beyond: Violence Between Intimate Partners 6. Violence at the End of the Life Course: Elder Abuse and Neglect 7. The Police and Social Service Response to Family Violence 8. The Courts and Family Violence: Issues and Innovations 9. Corrections and Family Violence: Treatment and Punishment Issues 10. Family Violence over the Life Course and the Collaborative Response 11. Family Violence: A Look Back, Recommendations, and a Look to the Future
An event-related potential study of the processing of affective facial expressions in young children who experienced maltreatment during the first year of life

This investigation examined the effects of maltreatment during the first year of life on the neural correlates of processing facial expressions of emotion at 30 months of age. Event-related potentials (ERPs) in response to children passively viewing standardized pictures of female models posing angry, happy, and neutral facial expressions were examined. Four ERP waveform components were derived: early negative (N150), early positive (P260), negative central (Nc), and positive slow wave (PSW). Differences in these waveforms between a group of 35 maltreated and 24 nonmaltreated children were reported. The groups did not differ on the early perceptual negative component (N150), whereas the maltreated children had greater P260 amplitude at frontal leads compared to the nonmaltreated children in response to viewing angry facial expressions. For the Nc component, the nonmaltreated comparison children exhibited greater amplitude while viewing pictures of happy faces compared to angry and neutral faces, whereas the maltreated children showed greater Nc amplitude at central sites while viewing angry faces. For the PSW, the nonmaltreated group showed a greater area score in the right hemisphere in response to viewing angry facial expressions compared to the maltreated group. The results are discussed in terms of brain development and function, as well as their implications for the design and evaluation of preventive interventions.This research was supported by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health (MH067792-02) and the Spunk Fund, Inc. to Dante Cicchetti. We gratefully acknowledge the technical assistance of Rafael Klorman, PhD, and Karen La Due in setting up the ERP laboratory at Mt. Hope Family Center, which was used to carry out this study. Moreover, we appreciate the support and advice provided by Drs. Sheree L. Toth and Fred A. Rogosch. In addition, we are grateful to Karen La Due, Steve Perino, and Shannon O'Hara, as well as other staff at Mt. Hope Family Center, for their assistance in data collection. Finally, we are eternally grateful to those families who participated in this research.
The Second Shift

In this landmark study, sociologist Arlie Hochschild takes us into the homes of two-career parents to observe what really goes on at the end of the "work day. " Overwhelmingly, she discovers, it's the working mother who takes on the second shift. Hochschild finds that men share housework equally with their wives in only twenty percent of dual-career families. While many women accept this inequity in order to keep peace, they tend to suffer from chronic exhaustion, low sex drive, and more frequent illness as a result. The ultimate cost is the forfeited health and happiness of both partners, and often the survival of the marriage itself.