Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A trimeric, V2-deleted HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein vaccine elicits potent neutralizing antibodies but limited breadth of neutralization in human volunteers.

BACKGROUND A key missing element in the development of a successful human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) vaccine is an immunogen that can generate broadly cross-neutralizing antibodies against primary isolates of the virus. METHODS This phase 1 clinical trial employed a DNA prime and subunit envelope protein boost in an attempt to generate cellular and humoral immune responses that might be desirable in a protective HIV vaccine. Priming was performed via intramuscular injection with gag and env DNA adsorbed to polylactide coglycolide microspheres, followed by boosting with a recombinant trimeric envelope (Env) glycoprotein delivered in MF59 adjuvant. RESULTS The DNA prime and protein boost were generally safe and well-tolerated. Env-specific CD4(+) cellular responses were generated that were predominantly detected after Env protein boosting. Neutralizing antibody responses against the homologous SF162 viral isolate were remarkably strong and were present in the majority of vaccine recipients, including a strong response against CD4-induced epitopes on gp120. Despite the promising potency of this vaccine approach, neutralization breadth against heterologous tier 2 strains of HIV-1 was minimal. CONCLUSIONS Potent neutralization against neutralization-sensitive strains of HIV is achievable in humans through a DNA prime, recombinant oligomeric Env protein boost regimen. Eliciting substantial breadth of neutralization remains an elusive goal. CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTRATION NCT00073216.
Hormone induced lactation in the cow. IV. Relationships between lactational performance and hormone concentrations in blood plasma.

Concentrations of progesterone, estrogen, and prolactin in plasma were compared among lactations induced in 29 cows by daily subcutaneous injections of . 25 mg progesterone and . 1 mg estradiol-17beta per kg body weight for 7 days. Superior, median, and inferior lactations were identified by ranking both weightage adjusted maximum milk yields in 7 consecutive days (average 144 +/- 9 kg) and days for milk yield to increase from 5 to 10 kg/day (15 +/- 3 days). Superior and inferior of the former averaged 189 and 101 kg, and their latter averaged 2 and 42 days. Plasma hormones were measured on day 0 before first treatment (day 1), and on days 7, 14, 17, 21, 24, 28, and 35. Superior lactations were associated with below-average progesterone and estrogen in plasma on day 0, rapid decreases in progesterone after day 7 and in estrogen after day 14, and increased prolactin after 7. In comparison, median lactations were associated with elevated progesterone and estrogen after day 17, but prolactin was similar to that of superior lactations. Inferior lactations were associated with decreased prolactin in plasma from days 21 to 35. We hypothesized that (a) first treatment should start 3 to 8 days after estrus, (b) daily doses of estradiol-17beta should be decreased with progesterone unchanged for the 7 days, and (c) estradiol-17beta alone should be continued for 7 days to improve hormonally induced lactations.
A Tube Formula for the Koch Snowflake Curve, with Applications to Complex Dimensions

A formula for the interior ɛ‐neighborhood of the classical von Koch snowflake curve is computed in detail. This function of ɛ is shown to match quite closely with earlier predictions of what it should be, but is also much more precise. The resulting ‘tube formula’ is expressed in terms of the Fourier coefficients of a suitable nonlinear and periodic analog of the standard Cantor staircase function and reflects the self‐similarity of the Koch curve. As a consequence, the possible complex dimensions of the Koch snowflake are computed explicitly.
The 2011 PHARMINE report on pharmacy and pharmacy education in the European Union

The PHARMINE consortium consists of 50 universities from European Union member states or other European countries that are members of the European Association of Faculties of Pharmacy (EAFP). EU partner associations representing community (PGEU), hospital (EAHP) and industrial pharmacy (EIPG), together with the European Pharmacy Students’ Association (EPSA) are also part of the consortium. The consortium surveyed pharmacies and pharmacists in different settings: community, hospital, industry and other sectors. The consortium also looked at how European Union higher education institutions and courses are organised. The PHARMINE survey of pharmacy and pharmacy education in Europe produced country profiles with extensive information for EU member states and several other European countries. These data are available at: http://www.pharmine. org/losse_paginas/Country_Profiles/. This 2011 PHARMINE report presents the project and data, and some preliminary analysis on the basic question of how pharmacy education is adapted to pharmacy practice in the EU.
Chitosan Channels Containing Spinal Cord-Derived Stem/Progenitor Cells for Repair of Subacute Spinal Cord Injury in the Rat

OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the survival and differentiation capacity of neural stem/progenitor cells (NSPCs) derived from the adult rat spinal cord and seeded on intramedullary chitosan channels that were implanted in a subacute rat spinal cord injury model. METHODS: We implanted into the injured spinal cord a chitosan channel filled with NSPCs harvested from the spinal cord of adult transgenic rats expressing green fluorescent protein 3 weeks after extradural 35g clip compression injury at T8. The NSPC-chitosan channel group was compared with 2 control groups not receiving channels: 1 receiving a direct intramedullary injection of NSPCs into the lesion cavity and 1 receiving trauma alone. The survival and differentiation of NSPCs were evaluated with immunohistochemical and histopathological techniques, and functional improvement was assessed for 6 weeks with the Basso, Beattie, and Bresnahan locomotor score. RESULTS: The NSPC-chitosan channel group showed enhanced survival of NSPCs compared with NSPCs transplanted directly into the lesion cavity, although there was no significant difference in functional recovery between the treatment and control groups. In addition, the intramedullary implantation of the chitosan channel did not worsen the functional deficit after the 35g clip injury. CONCLUSIONS: Chitosan channels enhanced the survival of transplanted NSPCs in the subacutely injured spinal cord. Functional deficits were not exacerbated by the intramedullary transplantation of chitosan channels into the site of injury.
The value of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCa) to determine the lymph nodal metastasis in cervical cancer: A meta-analysis and literature review

Background The diagnostic power of CT or MRI on the lymph node status was limited. Supplement measurements were needed to assist the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis. The SCCa was reported to be close related to lymph node status. But currently the clinical value of serum SCCa measurement in lymph node status has not been clearly defined. This meta-analysis was to investigate this topic on a large scale. Method Searching the Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane library, CNKI and Wanfang database for SCC-Ag/SCCA/SCC-antigen and cervical cancer/tumor/carcinoma/neoplasm published in any language from Jan 1 1990 to Aug 1 2017. QUADAS (quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies) was used to evaluate the quality of the articles. An eligible set of data should include true positive, true negative, false positive and false negative number. Every set of data was extracted and analyzed by STATA 14.0. The forest plot and bivariate boxplot were utilized to evaluate the heterogeneity. The funnel graph was used to test the publication bias. The SROC curve was draw via random effect model and HSROC model. Result 17 sets of data and 3985 patients were included for the diagnostic meta-analysis. There was heterogeneity, which was partially from SCCa cut-off value. The pooled sensitivity was 0.70 and specificity was 0.63. AUC was 0.73. Eight articles provided the relative risk value of lymphatic metastasis when SCCa increased. The relative risk of lymph node metastasis increased ranging from 2.3–40 as with different SCCa cut off value. Conclusion The diagnostic value of SCCa for lymph nodal metastasis was medium and it was strongly related to lymph node status. Thus SCCa could assist imaging tests to detect lymph node metastasis. Besides, it was correlated with para-aortic lymph node metastasis.
Chapter Six Memory & Connectionist Models

Memory is central to any cognitive system. Consider what it would be like to get into your car tomorrow and realize your body no longer knew the correct motor movements for driving. As this realization hits you, you realize that you do not remember the steps it would take to start the car (e.g., the fact that to start a car, you need to put the key in the ignition switch and turn it), and then it hits you that you do not have a recollection of any events from the past where you have driven a car. It is as if you have never been in a car before. In fact, you are no longer sure the car you are now sitting in is actually yours. As this example suggests, memory is at the heart of any intelligent cognitive system. Without memory the cognitive system is stuck in the here and now; there is no repository of knowledge to guide intelligent action or make sense of the world. Without memory, every action requires figuring out the motor movements necessary to achieve said desired action. Without memory the world has no continuity, it is as if one lives only in the moment, and there is no possibility of a sense of self. Without memory how could you answer the question, " Am I the sort of person who would get into someone else's car and try to steal it? " In addition to pointing to the centrality of memory to cognition, this example also makes it apparent that many types of information must be stored in memory. Motor skills, facts, and events from our lives, for example, are important types of information. One major question for scientists who study human memory is the extent to which evolution has given us distinct memory systems for different types of information. • Defines a memory system. • Discusses the distinction between the systems and process approach to studying memory. • Explores an early information-processing model of memory: The early 3-store modal memory model. • Discusses how the STM conceptualization of immediate memory in the 3-store modal memory model was upgraded to the working memory (WM) conceptualization. • Discusses the major long-term memory systems of the brain. • Briefly presents 2 memory process distinctions as examples of the process approach to memory. • Discusses connectionist network models and how these might be used in …
Associations of Cholesterol and Glucose with Cardiovascular Dysfunction in Black Africans: The SABPA Study

The aim was to determine whether blood glucose or cholesterol is the more prominent contributor to cardiovascular dysfunction in 101 African men and 99 African women. We measured ambulatory daytime blood pressure (BP), carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT), and determined blood glucose and lipids in serum. High-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) (p = 0.002) and HDL: total cholesterol (HDL:TC) (p ≤ 0.001) were significantly lower, while serum glucose (p ≤ 0.001) was significantly higher in men. In single, partial, and multiple regression analysis, BP correlated positively with blood glucose in men. Furthermore, CIMT (B = −0.50; p = 0.009) correlated negatively with HDL:TC in men. While in women CIMT (B = 0.346; p = 0.015) correlated positively with glucose. In conclusion, subclinical atherosclerosis is significantly related to an unfavorable HDL profile in men, whereas in women, this link is stronger with fasting glucose.
Minimizing Recovery State in Geographic Ad Hoc Routing

Geographic ad hoc networks use position information for routing. They often utilize stateless greedy forwarding and require the use of recovery algorithms when the greedy approach fails. We propose a novel idea based on virtual repositioning of nodes that allows to increase the efficiency of greedy routing and significantly increase the success of the recovery algorithm based on local information alone. We explain the problem of predicting dead ends which the greedy algorithm may reach and bypassing voids in the network, and introduce NEAR, node elevation ad-hoc routing, a solution that incorporates both virtual positioning and routing algorithms that improve performance in ad-hoc networks containing voids. We demonstrate by simulations the advantages of our algorithm over other geographic ad-hoc routing solutions.
Sexually Dimorphic Effects of Cannabinoid Compounds on Emotion and Cognition

This review addresses the issue of sex differences in the response to cannabinoid compounds focusing mainly on behaviors belonging to the cognitive and emotional sphere. Sexual dimorphism exists in the different components of the endocannabinoid system. Males seem to have higher CB1 receptor binding sites than females, but females seem to possess more efficient CB1 receptors. Differences between sexes have been also observed in the metabolic processing of THC, the main psychoactive ingredient of marijuana. The consistent dimorphism in the endocannabinoid system and THC metabolism may justify at least in part the different sensitivity observed between male and female animals in different behavioral paradigms concerning emotion and cognition after treatment with cannabinoid compounds. On the basis of these observations, we would like to emphasize the need of including females in basic research and to analyze results for sex differences in epidemiological studies.
Resource Requirements for DigitalComputationson Electro-Optical Systems 1

In this paper, we study the resource requirements of electro-optical organizations in solving computationally intensive problems such as 2-D image convo-lution. Using a generic model of parallel computation with optical interconnects called OMC, we derive the relationships for information transfer versus space/time tradeoos in solving a problem. Irrespective of the I/O scheme and the order of computation, we show that a lower bound of (nw) memory space represents the minimum hardware required for convolving a w w kernel with a n n image, if the input bits are given to the system only once.
MetaMHC: a meta approach to predict peptides binding to MHC molecules

As antigenic peptides binding to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules is the prerequisite of cellular immune responses, an accurate computational predictor will be of great benefit to biologists and immunologists for understanding the underlying mechanism of immune recognition as well as facilitating the process of epitope mapping and vaccine design. Although various computational approaches have been developed, recent experimental results on benchmark data sets show that the development of improved predictors is needed, especially for MHC Class II peptide binding. To make the most of current methods and achieve a higher predictive performance, we developed a new web server, MetaMHC, to integrate the outputs of leading predictors by several popular ensemble strategies. MetaMHC consists of two components: MetaMHCI and MetaMHCII for MHC Class I peptide and MHC Class II peptide binding predictions, respectively. Experimental results by both cross-validation and using an independent data set show that the ensemble approaches outperform individual predictors, being statistically significant. MetaMHC is freely available at http://www.biokdd. fudan.edu. cn/Service/MetaMHC.html.
What if I told you: "You were wrong"? Brain potentials and behavioral adjustments elicited by feedback in a time-estimation task

Recent theories have associated the error-related negativity (ERN/Ne) with the arrival of an error signal in the anterior cingulate cortex (Holroyd & Coles, 2002). This error signal is generated when negative events occur, particularly when they are unexpected, and the anterior cingulate uses the error signal to select among appropriate courses of action. We evaluated these ideas by replicating and extending previous studies of the ERN following performance feedback in which subjects receive feedback after making a time-production judgment. In three different conditions, subjects received (1) correct or incorrect feedback, (2) correct, incorrect-slow, or incorrect-fast feedback, and (3) the same as condition (2), but with the graded incorrect feedback as a function of the degree of error. Behavioral data indicated that subjects adjusted their time-estimation as a function of feedback: following incorrect feedback in condition (2), they shortened or lengthened their judgments, and in condition (3) the amount of adjustment was related to the suggested degree of error. An ERN following negative feedback was present in all three conditions, being largest in the first condition. However, we did not find any relationship between ERN amplitude and behavioral adjustments. These results are discussed in terms of current theories on error processing.
Historical Overfishing and the Recent Collapse of Coastal Ecosystems

Ecological extinction caused by overfishing precedes all other pervasive human disturbance to coastal ecosystems, including pollution, degradation of water quality, and anthropogenic climate change. Historical abundances of large consumer species were fantastically large in comparison with recent observations. Paleoecological, archaeological, and historical data show that time lags of decades to centuries occurred between the onset of overfishing and consequent changes in ecological communities, because unfished species of similar trophic level assumed the ecological roles of overfished species until they too were overfished or died of epidemic diseases related to overcrowding. Retrospective data not only help to clarify underlying causes and rates of ecological change, but they also demonstrate achievable goals for restoration and management of coastal ecosystems that could not even be contemplated based on the limited perspective of recent observations alone.
Unmet Needs of Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancers: Associations with Developmental Stage at Diagnosis, Cognitive Impairment, and Time from Diagnosis.

PURPOSE Adult survivors of childhood cancers (ASCCs) are a unique and growing population. Because these individuals were diagnosed in childhood, their developmental stage at diagnosis may influence medical sequelae and perception of their cancer diagnosis and potentially result in long-term complications and challenges. Our aim was to determine how developmental stage, time since diagnosis, and cognitive impairment relate to Canadian ASCC distress and unmet needs. METHODS Canadian ASCCs aged 19-77 years (N = 115) diagnosed between ages 0 and 5 (n = 25), 6 and 12 (n = 22), or 13 and 18 (n = 68) completed demographic, neurocognitive self-report, depression, and anxiety and unmet needs questionnaires. RESULTS The developmental stage predicted distress, β = -0.29, p = 0.01. Survivors diagnosed in middle childhood reported significantly more distress than those diagnosed in adolescence. Shorter time since diagnosis predicted greater psychosocial needs, β = -0.24, p = 0.05, and greater distress, β = -0.22, p = 0.05. Greater memory impairment predicted higher need across outcomes, β = -0.36-0.61, p < 0.05. In adjusted analyses for unmet needs, endorsement of cancer affecting education and/or work importantly altered outcomes. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that greater self-reported memory impairment increases childhood cancer survivors' care needs. We additionally suggest that supportive care interventions might best target those reporting work or education interruption due to cancer. Identification of ASCCs who report work/school interruptions may provide a quick screen for health providers to assess possible need for intervention. ASCCs still experience unmet needs long into survivorship.
PLIP: fully automated protein–ligand interaction profiler

The characterization of interactions in protein–ligand complexes is essential for research in structural bioinformatics, drug discovery and biology. However, comprehensive tools are not freely available to the research community. Here, we present the protein–ligand interaction profiler (PLIP), a novel web service for fully automated detection and visualization of relevant non-covalent protein–ligand contacts in 3D structures, freely available at projects.biotec. tu-dresden.de/plip-web. The input is either a Protein Data Bank structure, a protein or ligand name, or a custom protein–ligand complex (e.g. from docking). In contrast to other tools, the rule-based PLIP algorithm does not require any structure preparation. It returns a list of detected interactions on single atom level, covering seven interaction types (hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic contacts, pi-stacking, pi-cation interactions, salt bridges, water bridges and halogen bonds). PLIP stands out by offering publication-ready images, PyMOL session files to generate custom images and parsable result files to facilitate successive data processing. The full python source code is available for download on the website. PLIP's command-line mode allows for high-throughput interaction profiling.
Aleda, a free large-scale entity database for French

Named entity recognition, which focuses on the identification of the span and type of named entity mentions in texts, has drawn the attention of the NLP community for a long time. However, many real-life applications need to know which real entity each mention refers to. For such a purpose, often refered to as entity resolution and linking, an inventory of entities is required in order to constitute a reference. In this paper, we describe how we extracted such a resource for French from freely available resources (the French Wikipedia and the GeoNames database). We describe the results of an instrinsic evaluation of the resulting entity database, named Aleda, as well as those of a task-based evaluation in the context of a named entity detection system. We also compare it with the NLGbAse database (Charton and Torres-Moreno, 2010), a resource with similar objectives.
Development of temperature indicator prototype: Cardpaper coated with chitosan intelligent films

An intelligent and biodegradable material pack- aging was developed based on a natural and thermal-sensitive pigment. Anthocyanin (ATH, 0.50 g/100g) was incorporated into chitosan matrix films (2 g/100g) forming a chitosan intelligent film (C-ATH). The system is able to indicate the variation of temperature during distribution and storage chain of industrial products. The novelty of this work was an alternative packaging material that it is biodegradable and could inform any temperature variations on the range of 40? C - 70? C, by irreversible visual colour changes. The effects of temperature (10? C, 30? C and 50? C) and luminosity (0, 500 and 1000 l×) were analyzed on C-ATH using an experimental design of 2 variables, measuring the colour parameters (L*, a*, b*) and mechanical properties (tensile strength, elongation break and Young’s modulus) as responses. C-ATH suspensions were applied as a coating on cardpaper surface forming a temperature indicator prototype (TIP). C-ATH darkened after being exposed to temper- atures above 50? C and luminosity of 1000 lx for 72 hours. TIP was obtained, without bubbles or defects, with reduced water absorption capacity. Irreversible visual colour change was verified on TIP exposed at 40? C independently of luminosity, turned gradually yellow. Chitosan suspensions containing ATH and applied as a coated on card paper sheets could be an alternative of biode-gradable material for packaging system that indicates efficiently temperature changes. This indicator system has potential application temperature range of 40? C to 70? C, such as food, pharmaceuticals, biological, agricultural and others products, that are highly dependent of storage temperature conditions.