Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neighborhoods as Arenas of Conflict in the Neoliberal City: Practices of Boundary Making between “Us” and “Them”

This paper is concerned with processes of place making among middle class residents in Santiago de Chile, and focuses on the ways in which neighborhood groups seek to receive heritage status for their areas of residence, as a way to contest the demolition of houses in order to build high–rise buildings. I focus on the tensions inherent in reconciling a critical view of neoliberal residential politics with a securing of their individual or family class position. I bring together debates and evidence about social and spatial boundary making with analysis of strategies of reproduction of class position. The paper focuses on intraclass symbolic boundaries in place making and the local politics and practices involved, by addressing the relationship of the middle classes to territory and their place in the contemporary city (Andreotti et al. 2014; Bacqué et al. 2015; Bridge et al. 2012; Brown–Saracino 2009; Zukin 2010). I discuss data obtained from research in five inner–city urban Santiago neighborhoods involving a mix of sources: in depth interviews, nonparticipant observation, content analysis of CMN legal texts, and copies of the files prepared by neighborhood activists.
Doppler Imaging of BD+22°4409 (LO Peg) Using Least Squares Deconvolution (CD-ROM Directory: contribs/lister)

We present maximum-entropy reconstructions of the rapidly rotating dwarf single star BD12284409 (LO Peg) from observations at the William Herschel Telescope in 1993 August. Since this star is too faint to use the conventional singleor three-line Doppler imaging methods, we make use of the novel method of least-squares deconvolution, which utilizes the large number of photospheric lines in an echelle spectrum to produce a single high signal-to-noise ratio profile. The star-spot distributions from the image reconstructions show cool features at both high and low latitudes, in contradiction to recent theoretical predictions of the dynamo behaviour in rapidly rotating stars. Cross-correlation of the images from consecutive nights shows a good correlation from the small-scale structures, but no evidence of surface differential rotation. From the cross-correlation of the high-latitude spot we are able to reject the period of 9.22 h of Jeffries et al. in favour of their preferred period of 10.17 h, confirming the result
Differences in the Kinetic of the First Meiotic Division and in Active Mitochondrial Distribution between Prepubertal and Adult Oocytes Mirror Differences in their Developmental Competence in a Sheep Model

Our aim is to verify if oocyte developmental potential is related to the timing of meiotic progression and to mitochondrial distribution and activity using prepubertal and adult oocytes as models of low and high developmental capacity respectively. Prepubertal and adult oocytes were incorporated in an in vitro maturation system to determine meiotic and developmental competence and to assess at different time points kinetic of meiotic maturation, 2D protein electrophoresis patterns, ATP content and mitochondria distribution. Maturation and fertilization rates did not differ between prepubertal and adult oocytes (95.1% vs 96.7% and 66.73% vs 70.62% respectively for prepubertal and adult oocytes). Compared to adults, prepubertal oocytes showed higher parthenogenesis (17.38% vs 2.08% respectively in prepubertals and adults; P<0.01) and polispermy (14.30% vs 2.21% respectively in prepubertals and adults; P<0.01), lower cleavage rates (60.00% vs 67.08% respectively in prepubertals and adults; P<0.05) and blastocyst output (11.94% vs 34.% respectively in prepubertals and adults; P<0.01). Prepubertal oocytes reached MI stage 1 hr later than adults and this delay grows as the first meiotic division proceeds. Simultaneously, the protein pattern was altered since in prepubertal oocytes it fluctuates, dropping and rising to levels similar to adults only at 24 hrs. In prepubertal oocytes ATP rise is delayed and did not reach levels comparable to adult ones. CLSM observations revealed that at MII, in the majority of prepubertal oocytes, the active mitochondria are homogenously distributed, while in adults they are aggregated in big clusters. Our work demonstrates that mitochondria and their functional aggregation during maturation play an active role to provide energy in terms of ATP. The oocyte ATP content determines the timing of the meiotic cycle and the acquisition of developmental competence. Taken together our data suggest that oocytes with low developmental competence have a slowed down energetic metabolism which delays later development.
Beyond greed and fear : understanding behavioral finance and the psychology of investing

Preface PART I: WHAT IS BEHAVIORAL FINANCE 1. Introduction 2. Heuristic-Driven Bias: The First Theme 3. Frame Dependence: The Second Theme 4. Inefficient Markets: The Third Theme PART II: PREDICTION 5. Trying to Predict the Market 6. Sentimental Journey: The Illusion of Validity 7. Picking Stocks to Beat the Market 8. Biased Reactions to Earnings Announcements PART III: INDIVIDUAL INVESTORS 9. "Get-Evenitis": Riding Losers Too Long 10. Portfolios, Pyramids, Emotions, and Biases 11. Retirement Saving: Myopia and Self-Control PART IV: INSTITUTIONAL INVESTORS 12. Open-Ended Mutual Funds: Misframing, "Hot Hands", and Obfuscation Games 13. Closed-End Funds: What Drives Discounts? 14. Fixed Income Securities: The Full Measure of Behavioral Phenomena 15. The Money Management Industry: Framing Effects, Style "Diversification", and Regret PART V: THE INTERFACE BETWEEN CORPORATE FINANCE AND INVESTMENT 16. Corporate Takeovers and the Winner's Curse 17. IPOs: Initial Underpricing, Long-term Underperformance, and "Hot-Issue" Markets 18. Optimism in Analysts' Earnings Predictions and Stock Recommendations PART VI: OPTIONS, FUTURES, AND FOREIGN EXCHANGE 19. Options: How They're Used, How They're Priced, and How They Reflect Sentiment 20. Commodity Futures: Orange Juice and Sentiment 21. Excessive Speculation in Foreign Exchange Markets Final Remarks Notes References Credits Index
A person-centered, latent profile analysis of psychological capital

This inquiry seeks to clarify whether and how various combinations of the four core components of psychological capital (PsyCap)—self-efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience—differentially affect workplace outcomes. To gain such in-depth understanding, this study undertakes a person-centered, latent profile analysis of PsyCap. Several distinct PsyCap component profiles emerge and remain consistent across two studies; these profiles in turn exert significantly different effects on work engagement and job performance. Compared with a more commonly used variable-centered approach, this person-centered approach represents a valuable complement that can expand the understanding and implications of PsyCap. JEL classification: M10, M19
Features, labels, space, and time: factors supporting taxonomic relationships in the anterior temporal lobe and thematic relationships in the angular gyrus

ABSTRACT Having the concept coffee involves knowing not only how coffee looks, smells, and tastes, but also how it relates to other things. We consider two types of conceptual relationships: (1) taxonomic, i.e. between entities that share multiple features (e.g. coffee–tea), and (2) thematic, i.e. what things “go together” in an event (e.g. coffee–spoon). We first review data suggesting that taxonomic and thematic relations are supported by semantic “hubs” in the anterior temporal lobe (ATL) and angular gyrus (AG), respectively. We then propose that the AG’s connectivity to hippocampal regions supports its sensitivity to episodic detail and hence the event structures and context-sensitivities characterizing thematic relations, and that ATL’s connectivity with perirhinal cortex, which supports discrimination, promotes taxonomic categorization. Finally, we discuss several reasons that labelling may be particularly critical for taxonomic relations, and propose that processing in ATL is influenced by labels because of connectivity with frontal language regions.
Japanese Encephalitis among Patients with Acute Encephalitic Syndrome Admitted to a Tertiary Hospital in Chitwan, Nepal – A Prospective Observational Study

Introduction The reported incidence of JE among patients with acute encephalitic syndrome (AES) in Nepal ranges between 20% to 62%. In light of the lack of up-to-date data, we sought to describe the epidemiology of JE in Chitwan, Nepal. Methods A prospective observational study was conducted during 2010–2012 in the College of Medical Science in the Chitwan District. Patients with suspected JE were tested for anti-JE IgM in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Results Of 227 all patients tested, 18 (7.9%) were found positive for JE. 17/202 (8.4%) patients with AES had JE. All, with the exception of two patients, were diagnosed on the basis of positive a serologic test, both in serum and CSF samples. Patients with JE were significantly older (42.1±27.6 years) than patients without JE (25.6±25.2 years, p = 0.02). Half of JE cases occurred in adults older than 50. More of the JE cases (11/18, 61.1%) occurred during the rainy season when compared to the JE negative patients [71/209, (34%), p = 0.01]. None of the JE patients had a relevant travel history, and one recalled having been immunized against JE. There was a variation in the geographic distribution of cases across the districts of the central Terai. Conclusions In this cohort, the proportion of patients with AES who had JE was lower than in previous studies. In addition, most patients were adults, and cases were not distributed uniformly across the central Terai region. The risk of acquiring JE by short-term travelers in the area is likely to be low. Vector-control programs and the promotion of mosquito avoidance behavior in the Terai region should continue. The high proportions of adults among patients with JE may suggest recent changes in the epidemiology of JE in the central Terai region, and routine immunization of all adults should be considered.
The relation between accretion rate and jet power in X-ray luminous elliptical galaxies

Using Chandra X-ray observations of nine nearby, X-ray luminous elliptical galaxies with good optical velocity dispersion measurements, we show that a tight correlation exists between the Bondi accretion rates calculated from the observed gas temperature and density profiles and estimated black hole masses, and the power emerging from these systems in relativistic jets. The jet powers, which are inferred from the energies and timescales required to inflate cavities observed in the surrounding X-ray emitting gas, can be related to the accretion rates using a power law model of the form log(PBondi/10 43 ergs 1 ) = A + B log(Pjet/10 43 ergs 1 ), with A = 0.65± 0.16 and B = 0.77± 0.20. Our results show that a significant fraction of the energy associated with the rest mass of material entering the Bondi accretion radius (2.2 +1.0 0.7 per cent, for Pjet = 10 43 ergs 1 ) eventually emerges in the relativistic jets. The data also hint that this fraction may rise slightly with increasing jet power. Our results have significant implications for studies of accretion, jet formation and galaxy formation. The observed tight correlation suggests that the Bondi formulae provide a reasonable description of the accretion process in these systems, despite the likely presence of magnetic pressure and angular momentum in the accreting gas. The similarity of the PBondi and Pjet values argues that a significant fraction of the matter entering the accretion radius flows down to regions close to the black holes, where the jets are presumably formed. The tight correlation between PBondi and Pjet also suggests that the accretion flows are approximately stable over timescales of a few million years. Our results show that the black hole ‘engines’ at the hearts of large elliptical galaxies and groups can feed back sufficient energy to stem cooling and s formation, leading naturally to the observed exponential cut off at the bright end of the galaxy luminosity function.
Testing the Limits of Inoculation-Generated Resistance

This investigation explored three issues relevant to inoculation theory’s function. First, the stamina of inoculation-generated resistance was examined at 2-, 4-, and 6-week time intervals between treatment and persuasive attack. Second, inoculation and attack messages as booster treatments were compared. Finally, this study tested the ability of inoculation-generated resistance to withstand three persuasive attacks. Results from a 230-participant five-phase experiment indicate erosion of generated resistance with a longer time delay. However, booster treatments in the form of a second inoculation message demonstrate potential to lengthen the inoculation effect. In addition, generated resistance remained after three persuasive attacks.
Quality of care in government family planning clinic services in Colombo District.

OBJECTIVE To assess the quality of care in government family planning clinic services in Colombo District. DESIGN Descriptive cross-sectional study. SETTINGS Government family planning clinics in the Colombo District. STUDY SAMPLE The study was conducted in 23 government family planning clinics in the Colombo District selected through stratified sampling. 593 women visiting these clinics for family planning services were interviewed and 242 client-provider interactions were observed. MEASUREMENTS Client exit interviews, observations of service delivery and clinic inventories were used as survey tools to assess the quality in preparedness of the clinics, the service delivery process and client satisfaction, as outcomes of the service. A set of indicators were identified for this purpose. RESULTS The study showed deficiencies in infrastructure, interpersonal relations, privacy, information to clients, especially on side-effects and warning signs, and in the mechanisms to ensure continuity. The majority of clients were satisfied with many aspects of the service such as the family planning method received (94.5%), confidentiality of information shared with the provider (96.1%), competency of provider (97.5%), and physical access to clinics (92.3%). However, many were dissatisfied with the physical conditions of the clinics (> 20%), information received (12.5%), opportunity given to discuss their problems with the service providers (18.8%) and waiting times (26.6%). CONCLUSIONS Government family planning clinic services need improvement through upgrading of clinic infrastructure, better planning and management of clinic services, regular training of service providers and establishing of a system to monitor service quality.
Microwave bone imaging: a preliminary scanning system for proof-of-concept

This Letter introduces a feasibility study of a scanning system for applications in biomedical bone imaging operating in the microwave range 0.5–4 GHz. Mechanical uncertainties and data acquisition time are minimised by using a fully automated scanner that controls two antipodal Vivaldi antennas. Accurate antenna positioning and synchronisation with data acquisition enables a rigorous proof-of-concept for the microwave imaging procedure of a multi-layer phantom including skin, fat, muscle and bone tissues. The presence of a suitable coupling medium enables antenna miniaturisation and mitigates the impedance mismatch between antennas and phantom. The three-dimensional image of tibia and fibula is successfully reconstructed by scanning the multi-layer phantom due to the distinctive dielectric contrast between target and surrounding tissues. These results show the viability of a microwave bone imaging technology which is low cost, portable, non-ionising, and does not require specially trained personnel. In fact, as no a-priori characterisation of the antenna is required, the image formation procedure is very conveniently simplified.
Structure of cortical microcircuit theory

Recent experimental and theoretical investigations have made considerable advances in three major areas relating to the structural basis of quantitative cortical microcircuit theory. The first concerns the nature of the cellular units, encompassing the increasingly precise identification and progressively more complete listing of the individual cellular species that constitute the various cortical networks. The second element addresses the problem of heterogeneity, including the demonstration of the importance of cell to cell variability within defined interneuronal populations and the application of the Shannon‐Wiener diversity index for the quantitative assessment of the number and relative abundance of interneuronal species. The third component relates to the discovery of basic topological principles underlying the circuit wiring, revealing a surprising order in the architectural design of networks. These new advances deepen our understanding of the computational principles embedded in cortical microcircuits, and they also provide novel opportunities for building realistic models of mammalian cortical microcircuits.
Deep Recurrent Convolutional Neural Network: Improving Performance For Speech Recognition

A deep learning approach has been widely applied in sequence modeling problems. In terms of automatic speech recognition (ASR), its performance has significantly been improved by increasing large speech corpus and deeper neural network. Especially, recurrent neural network and deep convolutional neural network have been applied in ASR successfully. Given the arising problem of training speed, we build a novel deep recurrent convolutional network for acoustic modeling and then apply deep residual learning to it. Our experiments show that it has not only faster convergence speed but better recognition accuracy over traditional deep convolutional recurrent network. In the experiments, we compare the convergence speed of our novel deep recurrent convolutional networks and traditional deep convolutional recurrent networks. With faster convergence speed, our novel deep recurrent convolutional networks can reach the comparable performance. We further show that applying deep residual learning can boost the convergence speed of our novel deep recurret convolutional networks. Finally, we evaluate all our experimental networks by phoneme error rate (PER) with our proposed bidirectional statistical n-gram language model. Our evaluation results show that our newly proposed deep recurrent convolutional network applied with deep residual learning can reach the best PER of 17.33\% with the fastest convergence speed on TIMIT database. The outstanding performance of our novel deep recurrent convolutional neural network with deep residual learning indicates that it can be potentially adopted in other sequential problems.
Heart Rate Variability and Endogenous Sex Hormones During the Menstrual Cycle in Young Women

To our knowledge, the relationship between all four endogenous female sex hormones and resting cardiac autonomic function has not been studied. The aim of the current study was to examine the association between the normal endogenous levels of oestrogen (17β‐oestradiol), progesterone, luteinising hormone and follicle‐stimulating hormone and heart rate variability (HRV) during the menstrual cycle in young eumenorrheic women. Ten healthy, young, female subjects volunteered for this study. HRV and endogenous hormone levels were recorded at three phases of the menstrual cycle: menses (day 3.8 ± 0.5), ovulation (day 15.8 ± 0.7) and luteal (day 22.1 ± 0.4) to ensure HRV recordings at times of low (menses) and high (ovulation and luteal) hormonal influence. Heart rate recordings were obtained from supine resting subjects and analysed on a Holter analysis system. Total power (TP, 0‐1.0 Hz), low frequency (LF, 0.041‐0.15 Hz), high frequency (HF, 0.15‐0.80 Hz) and LF/HF components of HRV were examined. Despite a significantly greater HR at ovulation and normal cyclic variations in all endogenous sex hormone levels, no measure of HRV was significantly different between menstrual cycle phases. Significant correlations between oestrogen levels and absolute measures of HRV at ovulation were identified. The results of the current study demonstrated that the normal cyclic variations in endogenous sex hormone levels during the menstrual cycle were not significantly associated with changes in cardiac autonomic control as measured by HRV. Significant correlation between peak oestrogen levels and HRV measures at ovulation provided further support for the reported cardioprotective effects of oestrogen in healthy females.
Hardware Trojans - Prevention, Detection, Countermeasures (A Literature Review)

Abstract : A Hardware Trojan is a malicious, undesired, intentional modification of an electronic circuit or design, resulting in the incorrect behaviour of an electronic device when in operation - a back-door that can be inserted into hardware. A Hardware Trojan may be able to defeat any and all security mechanisms (software or hardware-based) and subvert or augment the normal operation of an infected device. This may result in modifications to the functionality or specification of the hardware, the leaking of sensitive information, or a Denial of Service (DoS) attack. Understanding Hardware Trojans is vital when developing next generation defensive mechanisms for the development and deployment of electronics in the presence of the Hardware Trojan threat. Research over the past five years has primarily focussed on detecting the presence of Hardware Trojans in infected devices. This report reviews the state-of-the-art in Hardware Trojans, from the threats they pose through to modern prevention, detection and countermeasure techniques.
Effect of somatostatin on nitric oxide production in human retinal pigment epithelium cell cultures.

PURPOSE To investigate the presence of somatostatin and its receptors (sst(1-5) receptors) and their possible involvement in the regulation of nitric oxide (NO) production in human RPE cell cultures. METHODS Human RPE cells (D407) were used for all studies performed. Somatostatin levels were detected by radioimmunoassay, and RT-PCR and immunocytochemistry studies were performed to identify the somatostatin receptors (sst1-sst5). Radioligand binding assays were also performed examining the ability of certain somatostatin ligands (sst1, sst2, sst5) to compete for [125I]Tyr11 somatostatin binding. The presence of NO synthase in the cultures was assayed with NADPH-diaphorase cytochemistry, and RT-PCR, and NO levels were assessed by examining the production of its stable metabolites NO2- and NO3- (NOx-). RESULTS SRIF was detected in a concentration of 0.56 +/- 0.13 picomoles/mg protein. sst1, sst2, and sst5 mRNAs were detected, yet only sst2B and sst5 immunoreactivity was observed in human RPE cell cultures. sst1- and sst5- but not sst2-selective ligands displaced the specific [125I]Tyr11 somatostatin binding to RPE cell membranes. NADPH-diaphorase stain and iNOS mRNA were detected. SRIF and the sst2-selective analogue MK678 increased the levels of NOx- in a concentration-dependent manner. This increase was blocked by the sst2 antagonist CYN-154806 (Ac-4NO2-Phe-c(dCys-Tyr-dTrp-Lys-Thr-Cys)-dTyr-NH2). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate the presence of somatostatin, and its receptors sst1, sst2B, and sst5 in human RPE cells and suggest an autocrine or paracrine role for somatostatin. Somatostatin's ability to regulate NO production, by activating sst2 receptors, provides a functional role of somatostatin in the RPE.