Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Determinants of Postnatal Care Service Utilization, Amigna District, Arsi Zone, Southeast Ethiopia: A Case-Control Study

Background: Postnatal Care (PNC) service is important for both mother and child not only to treat complications arising from the delivery, but also to provide the women with important information on how to care for themselves and their child.Objective: Identifying determinants of postnatal care service utilization among mothers who delivered during the past one year preceding the study.Methods: Unmatched case control study was conducted in Amigna district, Arsi zone from May to June, 2016. Data were collected from 116 cases and 234 controls selected by multistage random sampling. Data were collected by face-to-face interview using structured questionnaire, entered into EpiData and analyzed using SPSS. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were performed to identify determinants of postnatal care service utilization.Results: Mother who attended at least secondary school utilized postnatal care over 3 times higher (95% CI: 1.4-7.3) than mother who didn’t attend formal education. Mother whose husband attended at least secondary school utilized postnatal care 3 times higher (95% CI: 1.3-6.7) than mother whose husband didn’t attend formal education. Mother who had good and moderate knowledge of postnatal care utilized it over 4 times (95% CI: 2.0-10.0) and over 3 times higher (95% CI: 1.4-7.3) respectively than mother who had poor knowledge of postnatal care. Mother who visited antenatal care at least once utilized postnatal care over 3 times higher (95% CI: 1.5-7.3) than mother who didn’t visit antenatal care. Mother who delivered at health institution utilized postnatal care nearly 4 times higher (95% CI: 2.0-7.2) than mother who delivered at home. Mother who traveled at most one hour to reach nearest health institution utilized postnatal care over 3 times higher (95% CI: 1.9-6.2) compared to mother who traveled more than one hour.Conclusion: Educational status, knowledge of postnatal care, antenatal care utilization, place of delivery and distance from health institution should be considered for intervention to improve postnatal care service utilization.
Improving the process-variation tolerance of digital circuits using gate sizing and statistical techniques

A new approach for enhancing the process-variation tolerance of digital circuits is described. We extend recent advances in statistical timing analysis into an optimization framework. Our objective is to reduce the performance variance of a technology-mapped circuit where delays across elements are represented by random variables which capture the manufacturing variations. We introduce the notion of statistical critical paths, which account for both means and variances of performance variation. An optimization engine is used to size gates with the goal of reducing the timing variance along the statistical critical paths. We apply a pair of nested statistical analysis methods deploying a slower more accurate approach for tracking statistical critical paths and a fast engine for evaluation of gate size assignments. We derive a new approximation for the max operation on random variables which is deployed for the faster inner engine. Circuit optimization is carried out using a gain-based algorithm that terminates when constraints are satisfied or no further improvements can be made. We show optimization results that demonstrate an average of 72% reduction in performance variation at the expense of average 20% increase in design area.
M1/E2 transition rates in Fe x through Fe XIII measured at a heavy-ion storage ring

The rates of several electric-dipole forbidden decays of 3p and 3d levels in Cl-, S-, P- and Si-like ions of Fe have been measured optically at a heavy-ion storage ring. In several cases, more than one decay contributes to a given decay curve, which complicates the analysis. The lifetime results, with a precision range from 0.6 to 20%, compare well with some theoretical predictions, but are more precise. They are also more precise than some experimental data from an electrostatic ion trap.
Calcineurin/NFAT Coupling Participates in Pathological, but not Physiological, Cardiac Hypertrophy

Abstract— Calcineurin (PP2B) is a calcium/calmodulin-activated, serine-threonine phosphatase that transmits signals to the nucleus through the dephosphorylation and translocation of nuclear factor of activated T cell (NFAT) transcription factors. Whereas calcineurin-NFAT signaling has been implicated in regulating the hypertrophic growth of the myocardium, considerable controversy persists as to its role in maintaining versus initiating hypertrophy, its role in pathological versus physiological hypertrophy, and its role in heart failure. To address these issues, NFAT-luciferase reporter transgenic mice were generated and characterized. These mice showed robust and calcineurin-specific activation in the heart that was inhibited with cyclosporin A. In the adult heart, NFAT-luciferase activity was upregulated in a delayed, but sustained manner throughout eight weeks of pathological cardiac hypertrophy induced by pressure-overload, or more dramatically following myocardial infarction-induced heart failure. In contrast, physiological hypertrophy as produced in two separate models of exercise training failed to show significant calcineurin-NFAT coupling in the heart at multiple time points, despite measurable increases in heart to body weight ratios. Moreover, stimulation of hypertrophy with growth hormone–insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH-IGF-1) failed to activate calcineurin-NFAT signaling in the heart or in culture, despite hypertrophy, activation of Akt, and activation of p70 S6K. Calcineurin A&bgr; gene–targeted mice also showed a normal hypertrophic response after GH-IGF-1 infusion. Lastly, exercise- or GH-IGF-1–induced cardiac growth failed to show induction of hypertrophic marker gene expression compared with pressure-overloaded animals. Although a direct cause-and-effect relationship between NFAT-luciferase activity and pathological hypertrophy was not proven here, our results support the hypothesis that separable signaling pathways regulate pathological versus physiological hypertrophic growth of the myocardium, with calcineurin-NFAT potentially serving a regulatory role that is more specialized for maladaptive hypertrophy and heart failure.
Anti-mullerian hormone predicts menopause: a long-term follow-up study in normoovulatory women.

CONTEXT It has been hypothesized that a fixed interval exists between age at natural sterility and age at menopause. Both events show considerable individual variability, with a range of 20 yr. Correct prediction of age at menopause could open avenues of individualized prevention of age-related infertility and other menopause-related conditions, like cardiovascular disease and breast carcinoma. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explore the ability of ovarian reserve tests to predict age at menopause. DESIGN AND SETTING We conducted a long-term follow-up study at an academic hospital. PARTICIPANTS A total of 257 normoovulatory women (age, 21-46 yr) were derived from three cohorts with highly comparable selection criteria. INTERVENTIONS Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), antral follicle count, and FSH were assessed at time 1 (T1). At time 2 (T2), approximately 11 yr later, cycle status (strictly regular, menopausal transition, or postmenopause) and age at menopause were inventoried. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Accuracy of the ovarian reserve tests in predicting time to menopause was assessed by Cox regression, and a nomogram was constructed for the relationship between age-specific AMH concentrations at T1 and age at menopause. RESULTS A total of 48 (19%) women had reached postmenopause at T2. Age, AMH, and antral follicle count at T1 were significantly related with time to menopause (P < 0.001) and showed a good percentage of correct predictions (C-statistic, 0.87, 0.86, and 0.84, respectively). After adjusting for age, only AMH added to this prediction (C-statistic, 0.90). From the constructed nomogram, it appeared that the normal distribution of age at menopause will shift considerably, depending on the individual age-specific AMH level. CONCLUSIONS AMH is highly predictive for timing of menopause. Using age and AMH, the age range in which menopause will subsequently occur can be individually calculated.
Inertial Range Scaling, Karman-Howarth Theorem and Intermittency for Forced and Decaying Lagrangian Averaged MHD in 2D

We present an extension of the Karmam-Howarth theorem to the Lagrangian averaged magnetohydrodynamic (LAMHD �) equations. The scaling laws resulting as a corollary of this theorem are studied in numerical simulations, as well as the scaling of the longitudinal structure function exponents indicative of intermittency. Numerical simulations are presented both for freely decaying and for forced two dimensional MHD turbulence, solving directly the MHD equations, and employing the LAMHDequations at 1/2 and 1/4 resolution. Linear scaling of the third-order structure function with length is ob- served. The LAMHDequations also capture the anomalous scaling of the longitudinal structure function exponents up to order 8.
Case report of isolation of Mycobacterium setense from a hospital water supply

Objective: The current study is a report of isolation and identification of Mycobacterium setense from a tap running water in a general surgery ward in a hospital in Isfahan, Iran. Materials and Methods: This bacterium was obtained from a hospital water sample according to the cetylpyridinium chloride 0.005% method on Lowenstein–Jensen slant and characterized to the species level as M. setense using results of phenotypic test and 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: This isolate identified to the species level using the conventional and molecular method as M. setense, this bacterium has highest similarity (100%) with those of M. setense CIP109395 16S rRNA gene sequences. Conclusion: This study can be useful and provide important information for learning about the natural habitats of pathogenic species of nontuberculosis mycobacteria. Furthermore, the molecular tests such as 16S rRNA gene sequencing can be applied for reliable and appropriate identification of mycobacterial species.
Patient Satisfaction Survey

We also found that many students access SHC by public transit and campus shuttle; though many wished a campus shuttle stop were closer to the clinic and wondered why it did not stop at the actual clinic building. We would like to encourage the campus shuttle to alter its route to a stop closer to our clinic’s entrance, but realize that with current budgetary restrictions that this may not be possible.
The Australian Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Immunotherapy Study: A Prospective, Multicentre Study of Drug Utilisation Using the MSBase Platform

Objective To prospectively characterise treatment persistence and predictors of treatment discontinuation in an Australian relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) population. Methods Tertiary MS treatment centres participating in the MSBase registry prospectively assessed treatment utilisation, persistence, predictors of treatment discontinuation and switch rates. Multivariable survival analyses were used to compare treatment persistence between drugs and to identify predictors of treatment discontinuation. Results 1113 RRMS patients were studied. Patients persisted on their first disease-modifying therapy (DMT) for a median of 2.5 years. Treatment persistence on GA was shorter than on all IFNβ products (p<0.03). Younger age at treatment initiation and higher EDSS were predictive of DMT discontinuation. Patients persisted on subsequent DMTs, for 2.3 years. Patients receiving natalizumab (NAT) as a subsequent DMT persisted longer on treatment than those on IFNβ or GA (p<0.000). The primary reason for treatment discontinuation for any drug class was poor tolerability. Annualised switch or cessation rates were 9.5–12.5% for individual IFNβ products, 11.6% for GA and 4.4% for NAT. Conclusion This multicentre MS cohort study is the first to directly compare treatment persistence on IFNβ and GA to NAT. We report that treatment persistence in our Australian RRMS population is short, although patients receiving IFNβ as a first DMT persisted longer on treatment than those on GA. Additionally, patients receiving NAT as a subsequent DMT were more likely to persist on treatment than those switched to IFNβ or GA. EDSS and age at DMT initiation were predictive of DMT discontinuation. Treatment intolerance was the principal reason for treatment cessation.
Towards a parameter-free and parallel itemset mining algorithm in linearithmic time

Extracting interesting patterns from large data stores efficiently is a challenging problem in many domains. In the data mining literature, pattern frequency has often been touted as a proxy for interestingness and has been leveraged as a pruning criteria to realize scalable solutions. However, while there exist many frequent pattern algorithms in the literature, all scale exponentially in the worst case, restricting their utility on very large data sets. Furthermore, as we theoretically argue in this article, the problem is very hard to approximate within a reasonable factor, with a polynomial time algorithm. As a counter point to this theoretical result, we present a practical algorithm called Localized Approximate Miner (LAM) that scales linearithmically with the input data. Instead of fully exploring the top of the search lattice to a user-defined point, as traditional mining algorithms do, we instead explore different parts of the complete lattice, efficiently. The key to this efficient exploration is the reliance on min-wise independent permutations to collect the data into highly similar subsets of a partition. It is straightforward to implement and scales to very large data sets. We illustrate its utility on a range of data sets, and demonstrate that the algorithm finds more patterns of higher utility in much less time than several state-of-the-art algorithms. Moreover, we realize a natural multi-level parallelization of LAM that further reduces runtimes by up to 193-fold when leveraging 256 CMP cores spanning 32 machines.
Concurrent Validity of Persian Version of Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Fourth Edition and Cognitive Assessment System in Patients with Learning Disorder

Objective The aim of this study was to compare the Persian version of the wechsler intelligence scale for children - fourth edition (WISC-IV) and cognitive assessment system (CAS) tests, to determine the correlation between their scales and to evaluate the probable concurrent validity of these tests in patients with learning disorders. Methods One-hundered-sixty-two children with learning disorder who were presented at Atieh Comprehensive Psychiatry Center were selected in a consecutive non-randomized order. All of the patients were assessed based on WISC-IV and CAS scores questionnaires. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to analyze the correlation between the data and to assess the concurrent validity of the two tests. Linear regression was used for statistical modeling. The type one error was considered 5% in maximum. Findings There was a strong correlation between total score of WISC-IV test and total score of CAS test in the patients (r=0.75, P<0.001). The correlations among the other scales were mostly high and all of them were statistically significant (P<0.001). A linear regression model was obtained (α = 0.51, β = 0.81 and P<0.001). Conclusion There is an acceptable correlation between the WISC-IV scales and CAS test in children with learning disorders. A concurrent validity is established between the two tests and their scales.
Management of Thymic Tumors: A Survey of Current Practice among Members of the European Society of Thoracic Surgeons

Introduction: Management of thymoma has largely been based on single-institution retrospective, observational studies. The European Society of Thoracic Surgeons (ESTS) Thymic Working Group has investigated the current practice among ESTS members. Methods: A questionnaire divided into seven sections with 24 questions was designed, and it was delivered to ESTS members. Results: Forty-four centers replied to the questionnaire. The results indicate that there is a general agreement concerning (1) the value of computed tomography scan for preoperative assessment; (2) the uselessness of a routine histologic confirmation before surgery; (3) the role of the World Health Organization classification; (4) the importance of complete and extended resection; (5) the role of surgery for recurrent disease; and (6) the need of a multidisciplinary team, including thoracic surgeons, pathologists, medical, and radiation oncologists. On the other hand, there is still a considerable debate about (1) the role of positron emission tomography scan for preoperative assessment; (2) a consistent and reliable staging system; (3) the usefulness of postoperative treatments for stages II and III diseases; (4) the management of type C thymoma; and (5) the role of extrapleural pneumonectomy for stage IVA thymoma. Conclusions: The survey provides a large, multiinstitutional overview of the clinical practice in the management of thymic tumors by ESTS members. Responses show some areas of agreement along with several areas of controversy. It is conceivable that a consequent step forward will be the creation of a collaborative effort within the ESTS and with other organizations for the creation of standard recommendations and guidelines for the management of thymic malignancies.
Neuroimaging of meditation's effect on brain reactivity to pain

Some meditation techniques reduce pain, but there have been no studies on how meditation affects the brain's response to pain. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of the response to thermally induced pain applied outside the meditation period found that long-term practitioners of the Transcendental Meditation technique showed 40–50% fewer voxels responding to pain in the thalamus and total brain than in healthy matched controls interested in learning the technique. After the controls learned the technique and practiced it for 5 months, their response decreased by 40–50% in the thalamus, prefrontal cortex, total brain, and marginally in the anterior cingulate cortex. The results suggest that the Transcendental Meditation technique longitudinally reduces the affective/motivational dimension of the brain's response to pain.
Efficient computation of Iceberg cubes with complex measures

It is often too expensive to compute and materialize a complete high-dimensional data cube. Computing an iceberg cube, which contains only aggregates above certain thresholds, is an effective way to derive nontrivial multi-dimensional aggregations for OLAP and data mining. In this paper, we study efficient methods for computing iceberg cubes with some popularly used complex measures, such as average, and develop a methodology that adopts a weaker but anti-monotonic condition for testing and pruning search space. In particular, for efficient computation of iceberg cubes with the average measure, we propose a top-k average pruning method and extend two previously studied methods, Apriori and BUC, to Top-k Apriori and Top-k BUC. To further improve the performance, an interesting hypertree structure, called H-tree, is designed and a new iceberg cubing method, called Top-k H-Cubing, is developed. Our performance study shows that Top-k BUC and Top-k H-Cubing are two promising candidates for scalable computation, and Top-k H-Cubing has better performance in most cases.
Urinary fluoride excretion by preschool children in six European countries.

OBJECTIVE To measure and compare 24-h urinary fluoride excretion in children aged 1.5-3.5 years from European study sites and to use these data to estimate the 24-h fluoride intake. METHOD Twenty-four-hour urine samples were collected from 3-year-old children (n = 86) who were already participating in a European multicentre study. Samples were collected from Cork, Ireland (n = 19) where the water is fluoridated to a concentration between 0.8 and 1.0 ppm and from five sites with a water fluoride concentration <0.15 ppm: Knowsley, England (n = 18); Oulu, Finland (n = 18); Reykjavik, Iceland (n = 4); Haarlem, the Netherlands (n = 6); Almada/Setubal, Portugal (n = 21). The volume of the samples was measured; they were analysed for fluoride concentration and the 24-h urinary fluoride excretion was calculated. From this an estimate of the daily fluoride intake was made. RESULTS It was found that the mean fluoride excretion in response to the usual conditions of fluoride intake in the children in the nonfluoridated areas ranged from 0.16 mg (+/-0.08) in Oulu to 0.33 mg (+/-0.27) in Almada/Setubal with an overall mean of 0.23 mg (+/-0.19). The mean 24-h fluoride excretion in fluoridated Cork was 0.37 mg (+/-0.11). There was a significant difference between the fluoride excretion in the nonfluoridated areas and that in the fluoridated areas, and the data were broadly in agreement with WHO standards. CONCLUSIONS The daily urinary fluoride excretion and estimated fluoride intake in these children appeared to be within acceptable limits.
Inhibition of Epstein-Barr Virus Replication by a Benzimidazole l-Riboside: Novel Antiviral Mechanism of 5,6-Dichloro-2-(Isopropylamino)-1-β-l-Ribofuranosyl-1H-Benzimidazole

ABSTRACT Although a number of antiviral drugs inhibit replication of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in cell culture, and acyclovir (ACV) suppresses replication in vivo, currently available drugs have not proven effective for treatment of EBV-associated diseases other than oral hairy leukoplakia. Benzimidazole riboside compounds represent a new class of antiviral compounds that are potent inhibitors of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) replication but not of other herpesviruses. Here we characterize the effects of two compounds in this class against lytic replication of EBV induced in a Burkitt lymphoma cell line latently infected with EBV. We analyzed linear forms of EBV genomes, indicative of lytic replication, and episomal forms present in latently infected cells by terminal probe analysis followed by Southern blot hybridization as well as the high-molecular-weight unprocessed viral DNA by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. d-Ribofuranosyl benzimidazole compounds that act as inhibitors of HCMV DNA maturation, including BDCRB (5,6-dichloro-2-bromo-1-β-d-ribofuranosyl-1H-benzimidazole), did not affect the accumulation of high-molecular-weight or monomeric forms of EBV DNA in the induced cells. In contrast, the generation of linear EBV DNA as well as precursor viral DNA was sensitive to thel-riboside 1263W94 [5,6-dichloro-2-(isopropylamino)-1-β-l-ribofuranosyl-1H-benzimidazole]. The 50% inhibitory concentration range for 1263W94 was 0.15 to 1.1 μM, compared with 10 μM for ACV. Thus, 1263W94 is a potent inhibitor of EBV. In addition, 1263W94 inhibited the phosphorylation and the accumulation of the essential EBV replicative cofactor, early antigen D.