Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rat thalamic neurons encode complex combinations of heading and movement directions and the trajectory route during translocation with sensory conflict

It is unknown how thalamic head direction neurons extract meaningful information from multiple conflicting sensory information sources when animals run under conditions of sensory mismatch. In the present study, rats were placed on a treadmill on a stage that moved in a figure-8-shaped pathway. The anterodorsal and laterodorsal neurons were recorded under two conditions: (1) control sessions, in which both the stage and the treadmill moved forward, or (2) backward (mismatch) sessions, in which the stage was moved backward while the rats ran forward on the treadmill. Of the 222 thalamic neurons recorded, 55 showed differential responses to the directions to window (south) and door (north) sides, along which the animals were translocated in the long axis of the trajectory. Of these 55 direction-related neurons, 15 showed heading direction-dependent responses regardless of movement direction (forward or backward movements). Thirteen neurons displayed heading and movement direction-dependent responses, and, of these 13, activity of 6 neurons increased during forward movement to the window or door side, while activity of the remaining 7 neurons increased during backward movement to the window or door side. Eighteen neurons showed movement direction-related responses regardless of heading direction. Furthermore, activity of some direction-related neurons increased only in a specific trajectory. These results suggested that the activity of these neurons reflects complex combinations of facing direction (landmarks), movement direction (optic flow/vestibular information), motor/proprioceptive information, and the trajectory of the movement.
Regulation of UCP1 in the Browning of Epididymal Adipose Tissue by β3-Adrenergic Agonist: A Role for MicroRNAs

Background. White adipose tissue browning may be a promising strategy to combat obesity. UCP1 is strongly induced in White adipose tissue with β3-adrenergic agonist treatment, but the causes of this increase have not been fully elucidated. This study aims to explore more miRNAs involved in the process of browning of visceral adipose tissue. Methods. Total of fourteen mice were randomly divided into control and study group. Study group mice were injected intraperitoneally with CL316243 once daily for seven days; meanwhile the control group were treated with 0.9% NaCl. After a 7-day period, the expression of genes involved in WAT browning and potential UCP1-targeting miRNAs in adipose tissues was analyzed by qPCR. Results. qPCR analysis revealed that UCP1, DIO2, CIDEA, and CPT1B in epididymal adipose tissue were overexpressed in CL316243 group. Furthermore, potential UCP1-targeting miR-9 and miR-338-3p in epididymal adipose tissue were significantly decreased in CL316243 group. Conclusion. This suggests that potential UCP1-targeting miR-9 and miR-338-3p may be involved in the browning of epididymal adipose tissue by regulating UCP1 gene expression. In this study, we demonstrated that this increase of UCP1 is due, at least in part, to the decreased expression of certain UCP1-targeting miRNAs in epididymal adipose tissue compared to control.
Religion and disability: Clinical, research and training considerations for rehabilitation professionals

Purpose. This article (i) reviews existing research on the relationships that exist among spirituality, religion, and health for persons with disabilities; and (ii) compares different theoretical coping models (i.e., spiritual vs. psychoneuroimmunological). Background. Over the past decade interest has increased in relationships among spirituality, religion, and health in both the mainstream media (e.g., Newsweek) and scientific literature (e.g., Koenig). In general, research has concluded that religion and spirituality are linked to positive physical and mental health outcomes. Most religion and health research has focused on populations with life-threatening diseases (e.g., cancer, cardiovascular disorders, AIDS) with minimal attention to persons with chronic, life-long disabling conditions such as brain injury, spinal cord injury, and stroke. However, religion is used by many individuals with disabilities to help them adjust to their impairments and to give new meaning to their lives. Conclusions. Religion and spirituality are important coping strategies for persons with disabilities. Practical suggestions for rehabilitation professionals are provided regarding: (a) strategies to enhance religious coping; (b) methods to train rehabilitation professionals about religious issues; and (c) issues to consider regarding future research on rehabilitation and religion.
Effects on different age levels of distinct lighting environment design

This research designed a suitable lighting environment to provide comfortable lighting surroundings to different age groups. Kruithof indicated that the human sense of sight can be directly affected by lighting equipment, meaning that human psychological sensations and perceptions can also be affected by varied lighting conditions. This study used five LED ceiling lamps, each exhibiting a different geometric shape, to create diverse lighting surroundings in a simulated living room at low color temperature and under low illumination. To obtain physiological data from participants of different age groups, we measured the galvanic skin response, heart rate, and skin temperature of the little finger of each participant. To obtain psychological data, we used subjective questionnaires to measure the feeling of the participants. Based on the results of this study, we found that the lighting environment projected by a linear geometrical shape is more suitable for elderly people than for younger groups. This finding can provide lighting manufacturers with a reference for improving product quality.
Correlates of partner and non-partner aggression among patients with substance use disorders in an urban ED

Introduction: Violence is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients seeking care in urban emergency departments (EDs). Few studies have examined the relationship between substance use and violence among ED patients with substance use disorders. The urban ED is a critical location for intervening with patients with substance use disorders and violence. This study examined correlates of violence by patients with substance use disorders. Method: For this cross-sectional study, 1215 patients (64.7% males, average age 34.1 years, SD = 10.58) in an ED, with substance use disorder, completed Substance Abuse Outcome Module (Smith et al., 1996, Psychiatric outcomes module: Substance Abuse Outcomes Module (SOAM). Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins), Addiction Severity Index (McLellan et al., 2006, The Addiction Severity Index at 25: Origins, contributions and transitions. American Journal on Addictions, 15(2), 113–124), Conflict Tactics Scale (Straus, 1979, Measuring intrafamily conflict and violence: The conflict tactics (CT) scales. Journal of Marriage and Family, 41(1), 75–88) and Social Support Scale (Smith et al., 2006, Reliability and validity of the substance abuse outcomes module. Psychiatric Services, 57(10), 1452–1460). Participants were coded into groups based on aggression: participants who are not aggressive (n = 675), participants aggressive towards a partner (n = 249) and participants aggressive towards a non-partner (n = 291). Results: Logistic regression analysis examined variables associated with participants aggressive towards a partner and participants aggressive towards a non-partner with participants who are not aggressive as the reference group. Participants aggressive towards a partner were related to female gender, antisocial traits and lower level of social support; participants aggressive towards a non-partner were related to younger age, male gender, history of physical abuse, alcohol intoxication, drug problems and antisocial traits. Conclusion: Screening and brief intervention in urban EDs should focus on substance use and aggression, with tailoring needed to address the unique factors associated with partner and non-partner aggression.
“[Every] Child Left Behind”: Curricular Cripistemologies and the Crip/Queer Art of Failure

Rather than expect that disabled students submerge their disability experiences in order to pass as non-disabled (the primary aim of inclusionism), a curricular cripistemologies methodology draws upon the latent disability knowledge available in the classroom. Through readings of long-taught texts whose stories turn on disability insights, the article identifies opportunities for making disability an active part of the learning environment. Crip arts of failure within curricular cripistemologies lead to alternative ethical mappings of non-normative living coordinates that privilege interdependency over liberal concepts of the autonomous subject. Doing so potentially sets the stage for disabled students to recognize their experiences as something to be cultivated as a form of alternative expertise rather than as useful only to the degree that disability can be disguised and hidden away. It also operationalizes disability into an active, unabashed, and less stigmatizing part of classroom discourse from which all can learn (particularly based on the flexible pedagogical provisions of Universal Design for Learning [UDL]). This positioning of disability as a site for active learning diminishes dependency on the dictates of neoliberal inclusion schemes seeking to achieve equality through the flattening out of embodied differences.
Personality Composition, Affective Tie and Knowledge Sharing: A Team Level Analysis

Since knowledge has became the most valuable asset for organizations in the knowledge-economy age, related issues of knowledge management have been getting more and more attention, especially the concept of knowledge sharing, because it is a necessary condition for organizations to perform fruitful knowledge transfer and creation, which will then help them gain and sustain competitive advantage. Previous research has for the most part only studied how to induce employees to perform knowledge sharing at the individual level. However, it might not be enough as nowadays most organizational goals must be met by teamwork; therefore, recognizing what kind of team attributes can effectively promote knowledge sharing is important. In this study, we investigate the issue of knowledge sharing based on the IPO (input-process-output model) model at the team level. 53 R&D teams composed of 205 employees participated in this study to examine the relationships among team personality composition (the five-factor personality), team process (affective tie), and team outcome (knowledge sharing). The findings are then discussed in terms of their implications for management practices and future research.
Effect of Vaccinium ashei reade Leaves on Lipid Metabolism in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty Rats

The effects of blueberry leaf (BBL) on lipid metabolism were studied in obese rats. Feeding of BBL lowered levels of serum lipids and C-reactive protein and alleviated hepatic triglyceride accumulation in the rats. The hypolipidemic effect might be attributable to a reduction of lipogenesis and enhancement of lipolysis in the liver. These results suggest the use of blueberry leaf as a dietary hypolipidemic component.
Characterization of mixed allogeneic chimeras. Immunocompetence, in vitro reactivity, and genetic specificity of tolerance

Mixed allogeneically reconstituted mice (B10 + B10.D2----B10) that specifically accept B10.D2 tail skin allografts were examined for in vivo and in vitro immunocompetence, patterns of hematopoietic repopulation, and in vitro reactivity. In vitro, mixed allogeneic chimeras (B10 + B10.D2----B10) manifested specific tolerance in mixed lymphocyte reactions and cell-mediated lympholysis to B10 and B10.D2 splenocytes, with normal responses to third-party (B10.BR) cells. Such chimeras were immunocompetent in B cell and helper T cell responses, as assessed by their primary plaque forming cell responses to in vivo sheep red blood cell immunization. This is in contrast to fully allogeneic chimeras, which responded less well. In addition, survival of the mixed allogeneic chimeras in a conventional animal facility was superior to that of fully allogeneic chimeras, and similar to syngeneically reconstituted (B10----B10) mice. Specific tolerance to skin grafts, degree of allogeneic engraftment, and persistence of chimerism was also assessed in a noncongenic mixed allogeneic combination (B10 + C3H----B10). Such animals manifested specific hyporeactivity to C3H skin allografts, but eventual chronic rejection of the grafts occurred in spite of stable and persistent mixed chimerism. MHC-congenic (B10.BR) skin grafts were accepted indefinitely in the same animals, suggesting that skin-specific non-major histocompatibility complex antigens were responsible for rejection of the C3H skin allografts.
Antioxidant Status and Immune Activity of Glycyrrhizin in Allergic Rhinitis Mice

Oxidative stress is considered as a major risk factor that contributes to increased lipid peroxidation and declined antioxidants in some degenerative diseases. Glycyrrhizin is widely used to cure allergic diseases due to its medicinal properties. In the present study, we evaluated the role of glycyrrhizin on lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in the blood and nasal mucosa of allergic rhinitis (AR) mice. Mice were divided into six groups: normal control mice, model control (MC) mice, three glycyrrhizin-treated mice groups and lycopene-treated mice. Sensitization-associated increase in lipid peroxidation was observed in the blood and nasal mucosa of MC mice. Activities of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) and levels of glutathione (GSH) were found to be significantly decreased in the blood and nasal mucosa in MC mice when compared to normal control mice. However, normalized lipid peroxidation and antioxidant defenses were reported in the glycyrrhizin-treated and lycopene-treated mice. Moreover, glycyrrhizin treatment still enhanced IFN-γ and reduced IL-4 levels in glycyrrhizin-treated mice. These findings demonstrated that glycyrrhizin treatment enhanced the antioxidant status and decreased the incidence of free radical-induced lipid peroxidation and improved immunity activities in the blood and nasal mucosa of AR mice.
Immunohistochemical diagnosis of malignant melanoma of the conjunctiva and uvea: comparison of the novel antibody against melan-A with S100 protein and HMB-45

A novel antibody A103, which recognizes melan-A/MART-1, has been found to be more sensitive than the antibody HMB-45, which recognizes gp100, in melanocytic lesions of the skin and might therefore also be useful in the diagnosis of uveal and conjunctival melanocytic lesions. In this study we compared the staining characteristics of anti-melan-A, anti-S100 protein and HMB-45 in 13 conjunctival, 11 iris and 37 ciliary and choroidal malignant melanomas. The ciliary and choroidal melanomas comprised 13 spindle cell (10 spindle B and three spindle A), 14 mixed cell and 10 epithelioid cell tumours. In the conjunctival melanomas the diagnostic sensitivity was 100% for anti-S100 and anti-melan-A and 85% for HMB-45. In the iris melanomas the sensitivity was 100% for anti-S100 and anti-melan-A and 55% for HMB-45. A high staining intensity of anti-melan-A was particularly noticed in iris melanomas. In the choroidal malignant melanomas, the spindle cell and mixed cell types showed a sensitivity of only 69–79% with all three antibodies. In the epithelioid cell type the sensitivity was 80% for anti-S100 and 100% for HMB-45 and anti-melan-A. In conclusion, anti-melan-A was found to be a useful addition to antibody panels for ocular melanocytic lesions. Anti-melan-A has a higher sensitivity than HMB-45 in conjunctival and iris melanomas, but the sensitivity is similar to HMB-45 in choroidal melanomas. Anti-melan-A stains in a very similar pattern to anti-S100, but the staining intensity of anti-melan-A is higher than that of anti-S100 in iris melanoma.
Parents’ Attitudes and Adherence to Unintentional Injury Prevention Measures in Ankara, Turkey

Background: Childhood unintentional injuries are perceived as a leading public health issue since they are one of the preventable causes of paediatric mortality and morbidity. Whether and how parental factors are related to childhood injury has been researched insufficiently. Aims: To investigate parents’ attitudes to preventive measures of unintentional childhood injury, and the parental adherence to these measures. Study Design: Cross-sectional, descriptive study. Methods: The data were collected from the parents of children younger than ten years of age admitted to university hospital outpatient clinics for any reason and who agreed to be involved in the study. The first part of the questionnaire included sociodemographic profiles of participating children. Serious injuries were considered to be any injury that requires hospital admission. The second part of the questionnaire was prepared to evaluate parents’ adherence to injury prevention rules. A total score calculation about the adherence of the parents to the injury prevention rules was worked out the addition of the scores of each answer given in each age group. Answers for each item given by the parents were scored as wrong (0), sometimes (1) or correct (2). The score for each item was added and the result normalized to 100 points. Only complete questionnaires were used for analysis. Results: A total of 1126 children and parent pairs agreed to participate in the survey. It was found that 13.8% of the participating children had experienced at least one serious injury. Although three-quarters of the parents had received information about injury prevention, the overall injury prevention scores were found to be low. As children’s age increased, the total injury prevention scores of parents decreased significantly. Injury prevention scores were shown to increase significantly with high education and maternal occupation. However, scores were shown to decrease significantly with increased child age and family size. Conclusion: Our study shows that parental adherence to the child safety measures aimed at decreasing the unintentional injury risk of children is not satisfactory in Turkey. In particular, parents of 5-9-year-old children, big families (more than five people), parents with less than 8 years of education and non-working mothers should be the main target groups for intervention strategies according to our study results.
ALETHEIA: Robust Large-Scale Spectrum Auctions against False-name Bids

Auction is a promising approach for dynamic spectrum access in Cognitive Radio Networks. Existing auction mechanisms are mainly proposed to be strategy-proof to stimulate bidders to reveal their valuations of spectrum truthfully. However, they would suffer significantly from a new cheating pattern named false-name bids, where a bidder can manipulate the auction by submitting bids under multiple fictitious names. We show such false-name bid cheating is easy to make but hard to be detected in dynamic spectrum auctions. To resolve this issue, we propose ALETHEIA, a novel flexible, false-name-proof auction framework for large-scale dynamic spectrum access. ALETHEIA has the following important features: (1) it not only guarantees strategy-proofness but also resists false-name bids, (2) it enables spectrum reuse across a large number of bidders, (3) it provides the bidders the flexibility of diverse demand formats, and (4) it incurs low computational overhead. Simulation results show that ALETHEIA achieves both high spectrum redistribution efficiency and auction efficiency.
Emerging H7N9 influenza A (novel reassortant avian-origin) pneumonia: radiologic findings.

PURPOSE To determine the radiologic findings of human infection with a novel reassortant avian-origin influenza A H7N9 virus in March 2013, the first outbreak in humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS The institutional review board approved this retrospective study. Twelve patients (nine men and three women) with novel avian-origin influenza A H7N9 virus infection were enrolled. All patients underwent chest radiography and thin-section computed tomography (CT). Lesion patterns, distributions, and changes at follow-up CT were investigated. Two chest radiologists reviewed the images and clinical data together and reached decisions concerning findings by consensus. RESULTS At presentation, all patients had progressing infection of the lower respiratory tract, with fever, cough, and shortness of breath, which rapidly progressed to acute respiratory distress syndrome. The imaging findings included ground-glass opacities (GGOs) (in 12 of 12 patients), consolidations (in 11 patients), air bronchograms (in 11 patients), interlobular septal thickening (in 11 patients), centrilobular nodules (in seven patients), reticulations (in seven patients), cystic changes (in four patients), bronchial dilatation (in three patients), and subpleural linear opacities (in three patients). The lung lesions involved three or more lobes in all cases and were mostly detected in the right lower lobe (in 11 patients). Follow-up CT in 10 patients showed interval improvement (in three patients) or worsening (in seven patients) of the lesions. Imaging findings closely mirrored the overall clinical severity of the disease. CONCLUSION Rapidly progressive GGOs and consolidations with air bronchograms and interlobular septal thickening, with right lower lobe predominance, are the main imaging findings in H7N9 pneumonia. The severity of these findings is associated with the severity of the clinical presentation.
“In the Eye of the Beholder”

The processes by which children are classified as aggressive have important educational and research implications. For example, aggression in childhood reliably predicts dropping out of school and incarceration. The author argues that the sex-role stereotypicality of aggression produces bias in both observers and raters of student behavior. The tendency is to overattribute aggression to boys, relative to girls, resulting in questionable validity of assessments. The author reviews these issues, proffers some explanations (e.g., gender schema theory), and makes policy recommendations (e.g., foregrounding the importance of social competence as an educational outcome).
Function-Based Interventions for Children With Challenging Behavior

It is now axiomatic that challenging behaviors are defined more profitably by their functions (their motivations) than by their topographies (what they look like). The notion that challenging behaviors can be defined on the basis of their function has led in the past 30 years to a dramatically reconfigured approach to assessment and intervention. This article provides a description of the conceptual and historical foundations of function-based interventions, with an emphasis on the significance of these developments for the field of early childhood intervention. In addition, the authors consider some of the major issues related to challenging behaviors for current practice and future research.