Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Minor Contribution of Endogenous GLP-1 and GLP-2 to Postprandial Lipemia in Obese Men

Context Glucose and lipids stimulate the gut-hormones glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1, GLP-2 and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) but the effect of these on human postprandial lipid metabolism is not fully clarified. Objective To explore the responses of GLP-1, GLP-2 and GIP after a fat-rich meal compared to the same responses after an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and to investigate possible relationships between incretin response and triglyceride-rich lipoprotein (TRL) response to a fat-rich meal. Design Glucose, insulin, GLP-1, GLP-2 and GIP were measured after an OGTT and after a fat-rich meal in 65 healthy obese (BMI 26.5–40.2 kg/m2) male subjects. Triglycerides (TG), apoB48 and apoB100 in TG-rich lipoproteins (chylomicrons, VLDL1 and VLDL2) were measured after the fat-rich meal. Main Outcome Measures Postprandial responses (area under the curve, AUC) for glucose, insulin, GLP-1, GLP-2, GIP in plasma, and TG, apoB48 and apoB100 in plasma and TG-rich lipoproteins. Results The GLP-1, GLP-2 and GIP responses after the fat-rich meal and after the OGTT correlated strongly (r = 0.73, p<0.0001; r = 0.46, p<0.001 and r = 0.69, p<0.001, respectively). Glucose and insulin AUCs were lower, but the AUCs for GLP-1, GLP-2 and GIP were significantly higher after the fat-rich meal than after the OGTT. The peak value for all hormones appeared at 120 minutes after the fat-rich meal, compared to 30 minutes after the OGTT. After the fat-rich meal, the AUCs for GLP-1, GLP-2 and GIP correlated significantly with plasma TG- and apoB48 AUCs but the contribution was very modest. Conclusions In obese males, GLP-1, GLP-2 and GIP responses to a fat-rich meal are greater than following an OGTT. However, the most important explanatory variable for postprandial TG excursion was fasting triglycerides. The contribution of endogenous GLP-1, GLP-2 and GIP to explaining the variance in postprandial TG excursion was minor.
The Relationship between Flux Coefficient and Entrainment Ratio in Density Currents

Abstract The authors explore the theoretical and empirical relationship between the nonlocal quantities of the entrainment ratio E, the appropriately depth- and time-averaged flux coefficient Γ, and the bulk Froude number Fro in density currents. The main theoretical result is that E = 0.125 Γ Fro2(CU3/CL)/cosθ, where θ is the angle of the slope over which the density current flows, CL is the ratio the turbulent length scale to the depth of the density current, and CU is the ratio of the turbulent velocity scale to the mean velocity of the density current. In the case of high bulk Froude numbers Γ ∼ Fro−2 and (CU3/CL) = Cϵ ∼ 1, so E ∼ 0.1, consistent with observations of a constant entrainment ratio in unstratified jets and weakly stratified plumes. For bulk Froude numbers close to one, Γ is constant and has a value in the range of 0.1–0.3, which means that E ∼ Fro2, again in agreement with observations and previous experiments. For bulk Froude numbers less than one, Γ decreases rapidly with bulk Froude n.
Crisis of Representation and New Media Policies in Latin America

The emergence of new communication policies in Latin America from 2004 to 2015 took place in the midst of an unprecedented public antagonism between governments and media groups in Latin America. To understand the emergence of this conflict, the following variables are proposed: (1) the populist features of the governments involved, (2) a crisis of representation, (3) high levels of media concentration in a context of historically permissive regulation and a crisis of the traditional media, and (4) the governments’ perception of the media as opponents and even as threats to their power. La emergencia de nuevas políticas de comunicación en América Latina desde 2004 a 2015 tuvo lugar en medio de un conflicto público inédito entre gobiernos y grupos de comunicación. Con el fin de explicar la emergencia de este conflicto, las siguientes variables de análisis se plantean: (1) las características populistas de los gobiernos, (2) la crisis de representación, (3) la concentración mediática en escenarios de históricas regulaciones permisivas en conjunto con la crisis de los medios tradicionales y (4) la percepción de los medios como fuerza opositora o destituyente por parte de los gobiernos.
Comparative performance evaluation of multiobjective optimization algorithms for portfolio management

The objective of portfolio optimization is to find an optimal set of assets to invest on, as well as to determine the optimal investment for each asset. This optimal selection and weighting of assets is a multi-objective problem where total profit of investment has to be maximized and total risk is to be minimized. In this paper the portfolio optimization problem is solved using three different multi-objective algorithms and their performance have been compared in terms of Pareto fronts, the delta, C and S metrics. Exhaustive simulation study of various portfolios clearly demonstrates the superior portfolio management capability of non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA II) based method compared to other two methods.
La competencia estratégica y cultural en el aprendizaje de la entonación de (des)cortesía del español por parte de brasileños

En este trabajo aplicamos el modelo de Competencia Comunicativa propuesto por Cantero (2008) a la ensenanza de la entonacion (des) cortes del espanol para brasilenos, centrandonos principalmente en el desarrollo de las competencias estrategica y cultural.El objetivo de esta investigacion es, a partir de la revision de los rasgos de cortesia del espanol y de los rasgos de entonacion prelinguistica del espanol hablado por brasilenos, ofrecer algunos ejemplos metodologicos en la ensenanza de la entonacion cortes del espanol para brasilenos, centrados en el desarrollo de las competencias estrategica y cultural, para evitar que la diversidad linguistica y cultural se interponga en las relaciones personales, creando malentendidos e incomprensiones entre hablantes de diferentes nacionalidades.
Adaptive filtering in electricity spot price models

We study the adaptive filtering for risk premium and system parameters in electricity futures modes. Introducing the jump augmented Vasicek model as the spot price mode, the factor model of the electricity futures is constructed as the stochastic hyperbolic systems with jumps. Representing the main spike phenomena of the electricity spot price from one observed futures data by proxy, the filtering of the stochastic risk premium and its system parameters are developed in a Gaussian framework. By using the parallel filtering algorithm, the online system parameter estimation procedure is proposed.
Serum TRSUT Titer ≥1:16 Is a Predictor for Neurosyphilis Among HIV-Infected Patients With Concurrent Syphilis and No Neurological Symptoms

AbstractInvestigating the predictors for lumbar puncture to diagnose the asymptomatic neurosyphilis among HIV and syphilis co-infected patients in Shanghai, China.Respectively, screening the medical records from August 1, 2009 to June 30, 2015. Those HIV-infected patients with concurrent syphilis who had received lumbar puncture were selected and their clinical and demographic data were recorded. Participants comprised symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. The latter ones could be further divided into 3 groups: late syphilis, early syphilis with anti-syphilis treatment failure, and early syphilis with serum toludine red unheated serum test (TRUST) ≥1:32. Both syphilis stage and anti-syphilis treatment effect were defined by common criteria, and syphilis of unknown duration was considered as late syphilis. Asymptomatic neurosyphilis was defined as neurosyphilis without neurological symptoms such as headache, cognitive dysfunction, motor deficits, auditory or ophthalmic abnormalities, and stroke. Neurosyphilis was defined as reactive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) TRUST and/or CSF white blood cell >20 cells/&mgr;L without other reasons. Mann–Whitney test and Fisher's exact test were used for analyzing the difference between neurosyphilis and non-neurosyphilis group. Logistic regression test was performed to analyze the risk factors for neurosyphilis.In total, 170 participants were collected, and the rate of neurosyphilis was 32.35%. Among all the 105 participants without neurological symptoms, 80 patients were with late syphilis and 25 were with early syphilis. Among the early syphilis patients, 23 had a TRUST ≥1:32 and the other 2 experienced an anti-syphilis treatment failure. The differences of clinical and demographic variables between neurosyphilis and non-neurosyphilis group were not statistically significant except the serum TRUST titer (P < 0.01). From HIV/syphilis co-infected patients with or without neurological symptom, those who had neurological symptoms, CD4 <350 per &mgr;L and serological TRUST titer ≥1:16 were 4.9-fold (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.37–10.31), 4.3-fold (95% CI: 1.17–15.78), and 4.1-fold (95% CI: 1.58–10.76), respectively, more likely to be diagnosed with neurosyphilis. Asymptomatic patients whose serum TRUST titer ≥1:16 were 8.48-fold (95% CI: 1.08–66.63) more likely to have asymptomatic neurosyphilis.Among asymptomatic HIV-infected patients with late syphilis or early syphilis experienced an anti-syphilis treatment failure, those who have a serum TRUST titer ≥1:16 are suggested to perform lumbar puncture in order to avoid delayed diagnosis and the occurrence of severe sequelae of syphilis.
Integrating e-government infrastructures through secure XML document containers

In this paper we present an architecture for an information container that can support complex eGovernment procedures. Based on basic trends and a eGovernment scenario, we apply the research results gained in a project on electronic contracting on this eGovernment scenario. We argue, that eGovernment and eBusiness have structural similarities, that allow us to apply a generic contracting container in eGovernment procedures. Therefore we analyzed an eGovernment example, the building application procedure, with the use of a Media Reference Model. With this model we compared the structural similarities and their characteristics of eBusiness and eGovernment. From these similarities we derived the applicability of a secure contracting container in order to support multi-step processes, which lead to legally binding documents. This paper proposes a solution for secure electronic contracting and notification, which can be applied for an integrated management of eGovernment transactions. We propose the use of XML, digital signatures, and Java technology for secure electronic contracting. The resulting contract/notification container can be used to facilitate an integrated information flow through the different eGovernment agencies. In addition the container holds a control logic, that supports the management of the contract negotiation or administrative application process and the contract settlement.
Interactions between Glucocorticoid Treatment and Cis-Regulatory Polymorphisms Contribute to Cellular Response Phenotypes

Glucocorticoids (GCs) mediate physiological responses to environmental stress and are commonly used as pharmaceuticals. GCs act primarily through the GC receptor (GR, a transcription factor). Despite their clear biomedical importance, little is known about the genetic architecture of variation in GC response. Here we provide an initial assessment of variability in the cellular response to GC treatment by profiling gene expression and protein secretion in 114 EBV-transformed B lymphocytes of African and European ancestry. We found that genetic variation affects the response of nearby genes and exhibits distinctive patterns of genotype-treatment interactions, with genotypic effects evident in either only GC-treated or only control-treated conditions. Using a novel statistical framework, we identified interactions that influence the expression of 26 genes known to play central roles in GC-related pathways (e.g. NQO1, AIRE, and SGK1) and that influence the secretion of IL6.
Automatic Identification of Instrument Classes in Polyphonic and Poly-Instrument Audio

We present and compare several models for automatic identiﬁcation of instrument classes in polyphonic and poly-instrument audio. The goal is to be able to identify which categories of instrument (Strings, Woodwind, Gui-tar, Piano, etc.) are present in a given audio example. We use a machine learning approach to solve this task. We constructed a system to generate a large database of mu-sically relevant poly-instrument audio. Our database is generated from hundreds of instruments classiﬁed in 7 categories. Musical audio examples are generated by mixing multi-track MIDI ﬁles with thousands of instrument combinations. We compare three different classiﬁers : a Support Vector Machine (SVM), a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) and a Deep Belief Network (DBN). We show that the DBN tends to outperform both the SVM and the MLP in most cases.
Herschel-ATLAS: First data release of the Science Demonstration Phase source catalogues

The Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (Herschel-ATLAS) is a survey of 550 deg2 with the Herschel Space Observatory in five far-infrared and submillimetre bands. The first data for the survey, observations of a field 4 × 4 deg2 in size, were taken during the Science Demonstration Phase (SDP), and reach a 5σ noise level of 33.5 mJy beam−1 at 250 μm. This paper describes the source extraction methods used to create the corresponding SDP catalogue, which contains 6876 sources, selected at 250 μm, within ∼14 deg2. Spectral and Photometric Imaging REciever (SPIRE) sources are extracted using a new method specifically developed for Herschel data and Photodetector Array Camera and Spectrometer (PACS) counterparts of these sources are identified using circular apertures placed at the SPIRE positions. Aperture flux densities are measured for sources identified as extended after matching to optical wavelengths. The reliability of this catalogue is also discussed, using full simulated maps at the three SPIRE bands. These show that a significant number of sources at 350 and 500 μm have undergone flux density enhancements of up to a factor of ∼2, due mainly to source confusion. Correction factors are determined for these effects. The SDP data set and corresponding catalogue will be available from http://www.h-atlas.org.
Identification of Cognates and Recurrent Sound Correspondences in Word Lists

Identification of cognates and recurrent sound corresponde nces is a component of two principal tasks of historical linguistics: demonstrat ing the relatedness of languages, and reconstructing the histories of language families. We prop ose methods for detecting and quan- tifying three characteristics of cognates: recurrent soun d correspondences, phonetic similarity, and semantic affinity. The ultimate goal is to identify cogna tes and correspondences directly from lists of words representing pairs of languages that areknown to be related. The proposed solutions are language independent, and are evaluated agai nst authentic linguistic data. The results of evaluation experiments involving the Indo-Euro pean, Algonquian, and Totonac lan- guage families indicate that our methods are more accurate t han comparable programs, and achieve high precision and recall on various test sets. The r
A study of asynchronous time division multiplexing for time-sharing computer systems

In order to reduce the communications costs in time-sharing systems and multicomputer communication systems, multiplexing techniques have been introduced to increase channel utilization. A commonly used technique is Synchronous Time Division Multiplexing (STDM). In Synchronous Time Division Multiplexing, for example, consider the transmission of messages from terminals to computer, each terminal is assigned a fixed time duration. After one user's time duration has elapsed, the channel is switched to another user. With synchronous operation, buffering is limited to one character per user line, and addressing is usually not required. The STDM technique, however, has certain disadvantages. As shown in Figure 1, it is inefficient in capacity and cost to permanently assign a segment of bandwidth that is utilized only for a portion of the time. A more flexible system that efficiently uses the transmission facility on an "instantaneous time-shared" basis could be used instead. The objective would be to switch from one user to another user whenever the one user is idle, and to asynchronously time multiplex the data. With such an arrangement, each user would be granted access to the channel only when he has a message to transmit. This is known as an Asynchronous Time Division Multiplexing System (ATDM). A segment of a typical ATDM data stream is shown in Figure 2. The crucial attributes of such a multiplexing technique are: 1. An address is required for each transmitted message, and 2. Buffering is required to handle the random message arrivals.
Wireless Model-Based Predictive Networked Control System Over Cooperative Wireless Network

Owing to their distributed architecture, networked control systems (NCSs) are proven to be feasible in scenarios where a spatially distributed feedback control system is required. Traditionally, such NCSs operate over real-time wired networks. Recently, in order to achieve the utmost flexibility, scalability, ease of deployment, and maintainability, wireless networks such as IEEE 802.11 wireless local area networks (LANs) are being preferred over dedicated wired networks. However, conventional NCSs with event-triggered controllers and actuators cannot operate over such general purpose wireless networks since the stability of the system is compromised due to unbounded delays and unpredictable packet losses that are typical in the wireless medium. Approaching the wireless networked control problem from two perspectives, this work introduces a practical wireless NCS and an implementation of a cooperative medium access control protocol that work jointly to achieve decent control under severe impairments, such as unbounded delay, bursts of packet loss and ambient wireless traffic. The proposed system is evaluated on a dedicated test platform under numerous scenarios and significant performance gains are observed, making cooperative communications a strong candidate for improving the reliability of industrial wireless networks.
Allosteric Activation of Gal 3 protein 1 Multiple Conformations of Gal 3 Protein Drive the Galactose Induced Allosteric Activation of the GAL Genetic Switch of Saccharomyces cerevisiae

1 Molecular Genetics Laboratory, 2 Physical Biology Laboratory, Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, INDIA ♣ has performed all the experimental work ¶ has performed all the molecular dynamics simulations work ⃰ Current Address: Department of Biochemistry, College of Agricultural and Life Sciences, 433 Babcock Drive, University of Wisconsin-Madison, WI 53706 # Corresponding Author E-mail address: jayadeva@iitb.ac. in Running title: Allosteric Activation of Gal3 protein
The CZSaw notes case study

Analysts need to keep track of their analytic findings, observations, ideas, and hypotheses throughout the analysis process. While some visual analytics tools support such note-taking needs, these notes are often represented as objects separate from the data and in a workspace separate from the data visualizations. Representing notes the same way as the data and integrating them with data visualizations can enable analysts to build a more cohesive picture of the analytical process. We created a note-taking functionality called CZNotes within the visual analytics tool CZSaw for analyzing unstructured text documents. CZNotes are designed to use the same model as the data and can thus be visualized in CZSaw's existing data views. We conducted a preliminary case study to observe the use of CZNotes and observed that CZNotes has the potential to support progressive analysis, to act as a shortcut to the data, and supports creation of new data relationships.
Scan range adaptive hysteresis/creep hybrid compensator for AFM based nanomanipulations

Atomic force microscopy (AFM) based nanomanipulations have been successfully applied to various fields such as physics, material science and biomedical studies. In general, the precision of AFM based nanomanipulation has been compromised mainly by hysteresis and creep of the piezo actuator. In this paper, a new approach, named scan range adaptive hysteresis/creep hybrid (SAH) compensator, is proposed to compensate the nonlinear rate-independent hysteresis and linear rate-dependent creep effects of the open-loop AFM based manipulation system. The nonlinear portion of the SAH compensator consists of Prandtl-Ishlinskii (PI) play operators and the linear portion, which serves as an input amplifier, consists of creep operators. The advantage of the SAH compensator is that the hysteresis compensator portion can optimize its parameters to adapt to the manipulation range, which guarantees the same level of relative positioning accuracy in different operation scales. This SAH compensator is easy to implement in a range of scanning probe microscopies (SPMs). Experimental results show that the SAH compensator can compensate hysteresis and creep with higher accuracy than the conventional creep/hysteresis hybrid compensator in different operation scales.
The effect of local land use and loss of forests on bats and nocturnal insects

Abstract Land‐use intensification at local and landscape level poses a serious threat to biodiversity and affects species interactions and ecosystem function. It is thus important to understand how interrelated taxa respond to land‐use intensification and to consider the importance of different spatial scales. We investigated whether and how local land‐use intensity and landscape features affect the predator–prey interaction of bats and insects. Bats and nocturnal insects were assessed on 50 grassland sites in the Schorfheide‐Chorin. We analyzed the effect of local land use and distance to forested areas as a proxy for site accessibility on bats and insects and their biological interaction measured in bat's feeding activity. Insect abundance increased with higher land‐use intensity, while size and diversity of insects decreased. In contrast, bat activity, diversity, and species composition were determined by the distance to forested areas and only slightly by land‐use intensity. Feeding attempts of bats increased with higher insect abundance and diversity but decreased with insect size and distance to forested areas. Finally, our results revealed that near forested areas, the number of feeding attempts was much lower on grassland sites with high, compared to those with low land‐use intensity. In contrast, far from forests, the feeding attempts did not differ significantly between intensively and extensively managed grassland sites. We conclude that the two interrelated taxa, bats and insects, respond to land‐use intensification on very different scales. While insects respond to local land use, bats are rather influenced by surrounding landscape matrix. Hereby, proximity to forests reveals to be a prerequisite for higher bat species diversity and a higher rate of feeding attempts within the area. However, proximity to forest is not sufficient to compensate local high land‐use intensity. Thus, local land‐use intensification in combination with a loss of forest remnants weakens the interaction of bats and insects.