Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Scalable memory fabric for silicon interposer-based multi-core systems

Three-dimensional (3D) integration is considered as a solution to overcome capacity, bandwidth, and performance limitations of memories. However, due to thermal challenges and cost issues, industry embraced 2.5D implementation for integrating die-stacked memories with large-scale designs, which is enabled by silicon interposer technology that integrates processors and multiple modules of 3D-stacked memories in the same package. Previous work has adopted Network-on-Chip (NoC) concepts for the communication fabric of 3D designs, but the design of a scalable processor-memory interconnect for 2.5D integration remains elusive. Therefore, in this work, we first explore different network topologies for integrating CPUs and memories in a silicon interposer-based multi-core system and reveal that simple point-to-point connections cannot reach the full potential of the memory performance due to bandwidth limitations, especially as more and more memory modules are needed to enable emerging applications with high memory capacity and bandwidth demand, such as in-memory computing. To overcome this scaling problem, we propose a memory network design to directly connect all the memory modules, utilizing the existing routing resource of silicon interposers in 2.5D designs. Observing the unique network traffic in our design, we present a design space exploration that evaluates network topologies and routing algorithms, taking process node and interposer technology design decisions into account. We implement an event-driven simulator to evaluate our proposed memory network in silicon interposer (MemNiSI) design with synthetic traffic as well as real in-memory computing workloads. Our experimental results show that compared to baseline designs, MemNiSI topology reduces the average packet latency by up to 15.3% and Choose Fastest Path (CFP) algorithm further reduces by up to 8.0%. Our scheme can utilize the potential of integrated stacked memory effectively while providing better scalability and infrastructure for large-scale silicon interposer-based 2.5D designs.
Process recommendation and role assignment in social business process management

In today's world the competitiveness of an organization is decided by its ability to adapt to dynamically changing environments. Goal-based Social BPM (SBPM) has been proposed to overcome the rigid and sequential nature of traditional workflow and BPM models. This paper discusses the main components of this SBPM framework which are the role assignment and process recommendation mechanisms, explaining how they can be used in order to transform business processes to flexible and dynamic platform which is guided by user's social behavior and controlled by the SBPM system. The paper argues that this will lead to a truly social and flexible BPM model.
Performance Analysis of User Selection for Multiuser Two-Way Amplify-and-Forward Relay

This paper considers a multiuser two-way relay channel (MU-TWRC) in which a base-station and a selected mobile-station (MS) among K number of MSs exchange messages during two time slots with the help of a half-duplex amplify-and-forward relay. We analyze the performances of a MU-TWRC. The closed-form expressions of the lower bound of the average rates are derived. The asymptotic expressions of the average rates are also analyzed in the limit of large K. Analysis and simulation results indicate that the former matches well to the latter, and the performance of a MU-TWRC can increase as K increases or be bounded to some constant according to the channel conditions.
On stepdown control of the false discovery proportion

Consider the problem of testing multiple null hypotheses. A clas- sical approach to dealing with the multiplicity problem is to restrict attention to procedures that control the familywise error rate (FWER), the probabil- ity of even one false rejection. However, if s is large, control of the FWER is so stringent that the ability of a procedure which controls the FWER to detect false null hypotheses is limited. Consequently, it is desirable to consider other measures of error control. We will consider methods based on control of the false discovery proportion (FDP) defined by the number of false rejec- tions divided by the total number of rejections (defined to be 0 if there are no rejections). The false discovery rate proposed by Benjamini and Hochberg (1995) controls E(FDP). Here, we construct methods such that, for any and �, P {FDP > } ≤ �. Based on p-values of individual tests, we consider stepdown procedures that control the FDP, without imposing dependence as- sumptions on the joint distribution of the p-values. A greatly improved version of a method given in Lehmann and Romano (10) is derived and generalized to provide a means by which any sequence of nondecreasing constants can be rescaled to ensure control of the FDP. We also provide a stepdown procedure that controls the FDR under a dependence assumption.
Superintendent Behaviors and Activities Linked to School Effectiveness: Perceptions of Principals and Superintendents

This article focuses on the behaviors, activities, and perceptions of superintendents in the creation of effective school districts. It also examines the principal's perception of the superintendent's role in leading a district to a state of effectiveness. School districts were viewed as macro social systems and school sites as micro social systems for purposes of this leadership study.
Anti-NMDA Receptor Encephalitis Antibody Binding Is Dependent on Amino Acid Identity of a Small Region within the GluN1 Amino Terminal Domain

Anti-NMDA receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is a newly identified autoimmune disorder that targets NMDARs, causing severe neurological symptoms including hallucinations, psychosis, and seizures, and may result in death (Dalmau et al., 2008). However, the exact epitope to which these antibodies bind is unknown. A clearly defined antigenic region could provide more precise testing, allow for comparison of immunogenicity between patients to explore potential clinically relevant variations, elucidate the functional effects of antibodies, and make patients' antibodies a more effective tool with which to study NMDAR function. Here, we use human CSF to explore the antigenic region of the NMDAR. We created a series of mutants within the amino terminal domain of GluN1 that change patient antibody binding in transfected cells in stereotyped ways. These mutants demonstrate that the N368/G369 region of GluN1 is crucial for the creation of immunoreactivity. Mass spectrometry experiments show that N368 is glycosylated in transfected cells and rat brain regions; however, this glycosylation is not directly required for epitope formation. Mutations of residues N368/G369 change the closed time of the receptor in single channel recordings; more frequent channel openings correlates with the degree of antibody staining, and acute antibody exposure prolongs open time of the receptor. The staining pattern of mutant receptors is similar across subgroups of patients, indicating consistent immunogenicity, although we have identified one region that has a variable role in epitope formation. These findings provide tools for detailed comparison of antibodies across patients and suggest an interaction between antibody binding and channel function.
FDI and Economic Growth in Malaysia

Abstract: This study examines the causal relationship between foreign direct investment and economic growth. Methodology is based on the Toda-Yamamoto test for causality relationship and the bounds testing (ARDL). Time-series data covering the period 1970-2005 for Malaysia, the study found, in the case of Malaysia there is no strong evidence of a bi-directional causality and long-run relationship between FDI and economic growth. This suggests that FDI has indirect effect on economic growth in Malaysia
Incompressible immiscible multiphase flows in porous media: a variational approach

We describe the competitive motion of (N + 1) incompressible immiscible phases within a porous medium as the gradient flow of a singular energy in the space of non-negative measures with prescribed mass endowed with some tensorial Wasserstein distance. We show the convergence of the approximation obtained by a minimization scheme a la [R. Jordan, D. Kinder-lehrer \& F. Otto, SIAM J. Math. Anal, 29(1):1--17, 1998]. This allow to obtain a new existence result for a physically well-established system of PDEs consisting in the Darcy-Muskat law for each phase, N capillary pressure relations, and a constraint on the volume occupied by the fluid. Our study does not require the introduction of any global or complementary pressure.
Efficacy and Safety of Procalcitonin-Guided Antibiotic Therapy in Lower Respiratory Tract Infections

Background: In 14 randomized controlled studies to date, a procalcitonin (PCT)-based algorithm has been proven to markedly reduce the use of antibiotics along with an unimpaired high safety and low complication rates in patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). However, compliance with the algorithm and safety out of controlled study conditions has not yet been sufficiently investigated. Methods: We performed a prospective international multicenter observational post-study surveillance of consecutive adults with community-acquired LRTI in 14 centers (Switzerland (n = 10), France (n = 3) and the United States (n = 1)). Results: Between September 2009 and November 2010, 1,759 patients were enrolled (median age 71; female sex 44.4%). 1,520 (86.4%) patients had a final diagnosis of LRTI (community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), 53.7%; acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD), 17.1%; and acute bronchitis, 14.4%). Compliance with the PCT-guided therapy (overall 68.2%) was highest in patients with bronchitis (81.0% vs. AECOPD, 70.1%; CAP, 63.7%; p < 0.001), outpatients (86.1% vs. inpatients, 65.9%; p < 0.001) and algorithm-experienced centers (82.5% vs. algorithm-naive, 60.1%; p < 0.001) and showed significant geographical differences. The initial decision about the antibiotic therapy was based on PCT value in 72.4%. In another 8.6% of patients, antibiotics were administered despite low PCT values but according to predefined criteria. Thus, the algorithm was followed in 81.0% of patients. In a multivariable Cox hazard ratio model, longer antibiotic therapy duration was associated with algorithm-non-compliance, country, hospitalization, CAP vs. bronchitis, renal failure and algorithm-naïvety of the study center. In a multivariable logistic regression complications (death, empyema, ICU treatment, mechanical ventilation, relapse, and antibiotic-associated side effects) were significantly associated with increasing CURB65-Score, CAP vs. bronchitis, multilobar pneumonia, but not with algorithm-compliance. Discussion: Cultural and geographic differences in antibiotic prescribing affected the compliance with our PCT-guided algorithm. Efforts to reinforce compliance are needed. Antibiotic stewardship with PCT is possible, effective and safe without increasing the risk of complications in real-life conditions.
Minimal sparse observability of complex networks: Application to MPSoC sensor placement and run-time thermal estimation & tracking

This paper addresses the fundamental and practically useful question of identifying a minimum set of sensors and their locations through which a large complex dynamical network system and its time-dependent states can be observed. The paper defines the minimal sparse observability problem (MSOP) and provides analytical tools with necessary and sufficient conditions to make an arbitrary complex dynamic network system completely observable. The mathematical tools are then used to develop effective algorithms to find the sparsest measurement vector that provides the ability to estimate the internal states of a complex dynamic network system from experimentally accessible outputs. The developed algorithms are further used in the design of a sparse Kalman filter (SKF) to estimate the time-dependent internal states of a linear time-invariant (LTI) dynamical network system. The approach is applied to illustrate the minimum sensor in-situ run-time thermal estimation and robust hotspot tracking for dynamic thermal management (DTM) of high performance processors and MPSoCs.
DNA methylation dynamics in the rat EGF gene promoter after partial hepatectomy

Epidermal growth factor (EGF), a multifunctional growth factor, is a regulator in a wide variety of physiological processes. EGF plays an important role in the regulation of liver regeneration. This study was aimed at investigating the methylation level of EGF gene throughout liver regeneration. DNA of liver tissue from control rats and partial hepatectomy (PH) rats at 10 time points was extracted and a 354 bp fragment including 10 CpG sites from the transcription start was amplified after DNA was modified by sodium bisulfate. The result of sequencing suggested that methylation ratio of four CpG sites was found to be significantly changed when PH group was compared to control group, in particular two of them were extremely striking. mRNA expression of EGF was down-regulated in total during liver regeneration. We think that the rat EGF promoter region is regulated by variation in DNA methylation during liver regeneration.
Comparison of Spinal Needle Deflection in a Ballistic Gel Model

Background Percutaneous diagnostic and therapeutic procedures are commonly used in the treatment of spinal pain. The success of these procedures depends on the accuracy of needle placement, which is influenced by needle size and shape. Objectives The purpose of this study is to examine and quantify the deviation of commonly used spinal needles based on needle tip design and gauge, using a ballistic gel tissue simulant. Materials and Methods Six needles commonly used in spinal procedures (Quincke, Short Bevel, Chiba, Tuohy, Hustead, Whitacre) were selected for use in this study. Ballistic gel samples were made in molds of two depths, 40mm and 80 mm. Each needle was mounted in a drill press to ensure an accurate needle trajectory. Distance of deflection was recorded for each needle. Results In comparing the mean deflection of 22 gauge needles of all types at 80 mm of depth, deflection was greatest among beveled needles [Short Bevel (9.96 ± 0.77 mm), Quincke (8.89 ± 0.17 mm), Chiba (7.71 ± 1.16 mm)], moderate among epidural needles [Tuohy (7.64 ± 0.16 mm) and least among the pencil-point needles [Whitacre (0.73 ± 0.34 mm)]. Increased gauge (25 g) led to a significant increase in deflection among beveled needles. The direction of deflection was away from the bevel with Quincke, Chiba and Short Beveled needles and toward the bevel of the Tuohy and Hustead needles. Deflection of the Whitacre pencil-point needle was minimal. Conclusions There is clinical utility in knowing the relative deflection of various needle tips. When a procedure requires a needle to be steered around obstacles, or along non-collinear targets, the predictable and large amount of deflection obtained through use of a beveled spinal needle may prove beneficial.
Comparative study of the efficacy and safety of ceftazidime/avibactam plus metronidazole versus meropenem in the treatment of complicated intra-abdominal infections in hospitalized adults: results of a randomized, double-blind, Phase II trial.

OBJECTIVES Avibactam, a novel non-β-lactam β-lactamase inhibitor, restores the in vitro activity of ceftazidime against class A, C and some class D β-lactamase-producing pathogens, including those commonly associated with complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs). This randomized, active-controlled, double-blind, Phase II trial (NCT00752219) aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ceftazidime/avibactam plus metronidazole compared with meropenem in hospitalized patients with cIAI. METHODS Adults with confirmed cIAI requiring surgical intervention and antibiotics were randomized 1 : 1 to receive intravenously either (i) 2000 mg of ceftazidime plus 500 mg of avibactam plus a separate infusion of 500 mg of metronidazole or (ii) 1000 mg of meropenem plus placebo every 8 h for a minimum of 5 days and a maximum of 14 days. The primary efficacy endpoint was the clinical response in microbiologically evaluable (ME) patients at the test-of-cure (TOC) visit 2 weeks after the last dose of study therapy. RESULTS Overall, 101 patients received ceftazidime/avibactam plus metronidazole; 102 received meropenem. The median duration of treatment was 6.0 and 6.5 days, respectively. Favourable clinical response at the TOC visit in the ME population was observed in 91.2% (62/68) and 93.4% (71/76) of patients in the ceftazidime/avibactam plus metronidazole and meropenem groups, respectively (observed difference: -2.2%; 95% CI: -20.4%, 12.2%). The incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events was similar for ceftazidime/avibactam plus metronidazole (64.4%) and meropenem (57.8%). CONCLUSIONS Ceftazidime/avibactam plus metronidazole was effective and generally well tolerated in patients with cIAI, with a favourable clinical response rate in the ME population of >90%, similar to that of meropenem.
Quantitative Assessment of Common Genetic Variants on FOXE1 and Differentiated Thyroid Cancer Risk

Forkhead box E1 encodes the transcription factor FOXE1 (or TTF-2), which together with Homeobox protein NKX2-1, PAX8 and HHEX, are pivotal proteins required for thyroid gland formation, differentiation and function. Recently, genome-wide association studies have identified FOXE1 as a thyroid cancer (TC) susceptibility gene in populations of European descent. After that, a number of studies reported that the rs965513, rs1867277, and rs71369530 polymorphism in FOXE1 has been implicated in TC risk. However, the causal variants remain unknown. To derive a more precise estimation of the relationship, a meta-analysis of 9,828 TC cases and 109,995 controls from 14 case–control studies was performed. Overall, significant results were observed for rs965513 (OR = 1.71, 95% CI: 1.59–1.85, P<10−5), rs1867277 (OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.51–1.78, P<10−5) and rs71369530 (OR = 2.01, 95% CI: 1.66–2.44, P<10−5) polymorphism. In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, we found that rs965513 polymorphism confer high risk for Caucasians with per-allele OR of 1.80 (95% CI: 1.69–1.92, P<10−5) compared to East Asians of 1.35 (95% CI: 1.09–1.67, P = 0.006). There was strong evidence of heterogeneity, which largely disappeared after stratification by ethnicity. In the subgroup analysis by sample size, and study design, significantly increased risks were found for the polymorphism. In conclusion, this meta-analysis demonstrated that common variations of FOXE1 are a risk factor associated with increased TC susceptibility.
primates No effect of recombination on the efficacy of natural selection in data

data Supplementary http://genome.cshlp. org/cgi/content/full/gr.071548. 107/DC1 "Supplemental Research Data" References http://genome.cshlp. org/cgi/content/full/18/4/544#References This article cites 72 articles, 36 of which can be accessed free at: Open Access Freely available online through the Genome Research Open Access option. service Email alerting click here top right corner of the article or Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article sign up in the box at the
Determinants of the Homeownership Rate: A Survey of Recent Contributions

This study reviews the literature on the determinants of a country’s homeownership rate including factors such as demographic characteristics, household level economic variables, and government housing policies. We present a comprehensive model of a household’s tenure choice, one that allows for the taxation of imputed rental income and capital gains, deductions of mortgage interest, property taxes, and other expenses, subsidies to owners and renters, and borrowing constraints. This model is used throughout the paper to compare countries’ tax and subsidy policies toward housing and critique various methodologies. We emphasize that homeownership cannot be considered in a static framework. Rather, factors such as house price capitalization effects and households’ choices of household structure, mortgage loan-to-value ratio, and wealth accumulation must be considered. We argue that the best empirical studies are ones that use panel household-level data and have access to a large set of measures of housing taxes and subsidies, macroeconomic variables, and household characteristics. Only in this framework can one study the variations in effects of influential variables on different types of households who live in different locations. We conclude with a review of three such analyses of the variations in homeownership rates across developed countries.
Tumor suppressive microRNA-218 inhibits cancer cell migration and invasion through targeting laminin-332 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Recent our microRNA (miRNA) expression signature revealed that expression of microRNA-218 (miR-218) was reduced in cancer tissues, suggesting a candidate of tumor suppressor in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The aim of this study was to investigate the functional significance of miR-218 and its mediated moleculer pathways in HNSCC. Restoration of miR-218 in cancer cells led to significant inhibition of cell migration and invasion activities in HNSCC cell lines (FaDu and SAS). Genome-wide gene expression analysis of miR-218 transfectants and in silico database analysis showed that focal adhesion pathway was a promising candidate of miR-218 target pathways. The laminins are an important and biologically active part of the basal lamina, the function of that are various such as influencing cell differentiation, migration and adhesion as well as proliferation and cell survival. Interestingly, all components of laminin-332 (LAMA3, LAMB3 and LAMC2) are listed on the candidate genes in focal adhesion pathway. Furthermore, we focused on LAMB3 which has a miR-218 target site and gene expression studies and luciferase reporter assays showed that LAMB3 was directly regulated by miR-218. Silencing study of LAMB3 demonstrated significant inhibition of cell migration and invasion. In clinical specimens with HNSCC, the expression levels of laminin-332 were significantly upregulated in cancer tissues compared to adjacent non-cancerous tissues. Our analysis data showed that tumor suppressive miR-218 contributes to cancer cell migration and invasion through regulating focal adhesion pathway, especially laminin-332. Tumor suppressive miRNA-mediated novel cancer pathways provide new insights into the potential mechanisms of HNSCC oncogenesis.