Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Trichostatin A-induced histone acetylation causes decondensation of interphase chromatin

The effect of trichostatin A (TSA)-induced histone acetylation on the interphase chromatin structure was visualized in vivo with a HeLa cell line stably expressing histone H2A, which was fused to enhanced yellow fluorescent protein. The globally increased histone acetylation caused a reversible decondensation of dense chromatin regions and led to a more homogeneous distribution. These structural changes were quantified by image correlation spectroscopy and by spatially resolved scaling analysis. The image analysis revealed that a chromatin reorganization on a length scale from 200 nm to >1 μm was induced consistent with the opening of condensed chromatin domains containing several Mb of DNA. The observed conformation changes could be assigned to the folding of chromatin during G1 phase by characterizing the effect of TSA on cell cycle progression and developing a protocol that allowed the identification of G1 phase cells on microscope coverslips. An analysis by flow cytometry showed that the addition of TSA led to a significant arrest of cells in S phase and induced apoptosis. The concentration dependence of both processes was studied.
Autologous nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in patients with severe anti-TNF refractory Crohn disease: long-term follow-up.

We evaluated the safety and clinical outcome of autologous nonmyeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in patients with severe Crohn disease (CD) defined as a Crohn Disease Activity Index (CDAI) greater than 250, and/or Crohn Severity Index greater than 16 despite anti-tumor necrosis factor therapy. Stem cells were mobilized from the peripheral blood using cyclophosphamide (2.0 g/m(2)) and G-CSF (10 μg/kg/day), enriched ex vivo by CD34(+) selection, and reinfused after immune suppressive conditioning with cyclophosphamide (200 mg/kg) and either equine antithymocyte globulin (ATG, 90 mg/kg) or rabbit ATG (6 mg/kg). Eighteen of 24 patients are 5 or more years after transplantation. All patients went into remission with a CDAI less than 150. The percentage of clinical relapse-free survival defined as the percent free of restarting CD medical therapy after transplantation is 91% at 1 year, 63% at 2 years, 57% at 3 years, 39% at 4 years, and 19% at 5 years. The percentage of patients in remission (CDAI < 150), steroid-free, or medication-free at any posttransplantation evaluation interval more than 5 years after transplantation has remained at or greater than 70%, 80%, and 60%, respectively. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials. gov as NCT0027853.
Musical Training Induces Functional Plasticity in Perceptual and Motor Networks: Insights from Resting-State fMRI

A number of previous studies have examined music-related plasticity in terms of multi-sensory and motor integration but little is known about the functional and effective connectivity patterns of spontaneous intrinsic activity in these systems during the resting state in musicians. Using functional connectivity and Granger causal analysis, functional and effective connectivity among the motor and multi-sensory (visual, auditory and somatosensory) cortices were evaluated using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in musicians and non-musicians. The results revealed that functional connectivity was significantly increased in the motor and multi-sensory cortices of musicians. Moreover, the Granger causality results demonstrated a significant increase outflow-inflow degree in the auditory cortex with the strongest causal outflow pattern of effective connectivity being found in musicians. These resting state fMRI findings indicate enhanced functional integration among the lower-level perceptual and motor networks in musicians, and may reflect functional consolidation (plasticity) resulting from long-term musical training, involving both multi-sensory and motor functional integration.
Optimal nonlinear transformations of random variables

Dans cet article nous etudions les composantes principales non lineaires definies par Salinelli en 1998, dans le cas d'une variable aleatoire reelle. La signification probabiliste et statistique est approfondie et des proprietes sont illustrees. Une procedure d'estimation basee sur les fonctions splines, qui adapte la methode classique de Rayleigh-Ritz, est presentee. Des proprietes asymptotiques de cet estimateur sont etablies, et on donne une borne pour la vitesse de convergence sous des conditions generales. Des applications aux tests d'ajustement et a la construction de distributions bivariees sont proposees.
Exploring mother-child relationships in the context of early environmental stressors

For a small group of children, the exhibition of problematic levels of externalising behaviour continues throughout the early school years and into adolescence. The attenuated academic, social, and long-term outcomes seen in this group of children have not significantly improved across the last three decades. The overall aim of the current research was to add weight to the growing body of empirical literature pointing to the need to consider child externalising behaviour as a possible consequence of dysregulation due to exposure to (1) early trauma and loss, (2) a non-optimal familial environment that is characterised by a primary caregiver who struggles with reflective functioning or adopts an emotion dismissing style with respect to emotion socialisation, or (3) both early trauma and a non-optimal familial environment. To investigate the consequences of trauma exposure within the context of the early mother-child attachment relationship, two complementary studies were conducted. Study 1 used questionnaire responses from a community sample of mothers (n = 314) to test a theoretically-driven, cumulative-risk model of child aggression. Approximately 91% of children had encountered at least one potential environmental stressor, with the majority of children encountering three or more types, across 4 or more discrete incidences. Results suggested that adverse child outcomes were associated with high emotion lability/negativity, low adaptive emotion regulation, and post-traumatic stress symptoms. In turn, these mediating mechanisms were precipitated by child trauma exposure, low maternal reflective functioning, and the interaction between maternal emotion coaching and child trauma exposure. Strong, positive associations were noted between aggression and anxiety problems, withdrawn/depressed problems, and attention problems, indicating that child aggression may be part of a wider set of difficulties that the child must contend with, and may require assistance with if interventions are to be effective. Study 2 used quantitative and qualitative responses from a sample of mothers with children who had been referred for behaviour-related clinical services (n = 15) to conduct a broader investigation into the often over-looked experiences of these parents, and to gain a clearer understanding of the nature of the emotional climate within affected families. Referred children had encountered between 2 and 9 trauma types, with 80% encountering 4 or more types. Six themes emerged during the
GENDER DIFFERENCES IN JOB AUTONOMY

This research investigates the impact of gender, occupational segregation, and authority position on various forms of job autonomy. The empirical analysis was guided by theoretical concerns over the relevance of occupational characteristics and authority position in explaining the gender gap in job autonomy. Ordinary Least Squares regression results show that after taking various individual and employment-related factors into account, authority position, but not female-dominated occupation, explains a large portion of the gender gap in the degree of job autonomy. Furthermore, logistic regressions indicate that no gender differences in the likelihood of having any of five components of job autonomy remain, after taking all other factors in the model into account. It is concluded that authority position at work is more instrumental in explaining the gender gap in job autonomy than the gender composition of occupations.
The EXCITE trial: a major step forward for restorative therapies in stroke.

Marc Fisher MD Kennedy Lees MD Section Editors: Much of the attention in the field of stroke is focused on prevention, emergency response, and management of the acute inpatient stay. Despite these efforts, many patients are left with substantial disability. Patients survive their stroke for a mean of 8 years, making poststroke disability a highly prevalent condition; most of the days during which stroke affects the life of the patient occur in this chronic disability phase. Increased attention is being paid to an emerging set of therapeutic targets that are related to repair and restoration. Such restorative therapies focus on improving function in surviving brain areas rather than salvaging acutely threatened tissue and therefore might be available to a high proportion of patients with stroke. Animal studies have suggested a wide range of potential restorative therapies, including interventions based on physical, cellular, pharmacological, and electromagnetic approaches. However, to date, there has been limited translation of these preclinical findings into late-phase human clinical trials. In this regard, the Extremity Constraint Induced Therapy Evaluation (EXCITE) trial1 is a major step forward. It is unique among trials of restorative interventions for its size, meticulous multisite organization, preparation,2 duration of follow up, derivation from biological principle, and application of clinical trial methodology. In many ways, the EXCITE trial represents a paradigmatic shift in restorative stroke trials. The EXCITE trial was a prospective, single-blind, randomized, multisite clinical study conducted at 7 US academic institutions between 2001 and 2003. The study randomized a total of 222 patients with a first ischemic or …
Reliability Implications of Register Utilization: An Empirical Study

Physical memory faults are one of the accepted reliability threats for modern processor technology. Even though error correction for memory hardware can deal with this class of fault, many processor designs such as X86 do not invest semiconductor complexity and space to deal with multi-bit faults in caches and registers. In this paper, we analyze how the right choice of compiler options can act as software-based error prevention strategy for register file faults. This investigation is based on a classification scheme for GCC compiler options and a new fault injection environment for automated experiments. The study proves the the initial hypothesis that reliability improvements mainly depend on the algorithmic structure of the application under test. A small number of compiler options have proven to be a feasible application-independent error mitigation strategy.
The origin and chemical evolution of carbon in the Galactic thin and thick discs

In order to trace the origin and evolution of carbon in the Galactic disc, we have determined carbon abundances in 51 nearby F and G dwarf stars. The sample is divided into two kinemat- ically distinct subsamples with 35 and 16 stars that are representative of the Galactic thin and thick discs, respectively. The analysis is based on spectral synthesis of the forbidden (C I) line at 872.7 nm using spectra of very high resolution (R ≈ 220 000) and high signal-to-noise ratio (S/N 300) that were obtained with the Coude Echelle Spectrograph (CES) spectrograph by the European Southern Observatory (ESO) 3.6-m telescope at La Silla in Chile. We find that (C/Fe) versus (Fe/H) trends for the thin and thick discs are totally merged and flat for subsolar metallicities. The thin disc that extends to higher metallicities than the thick disc shows a shallow decline in (C/Fe) from (Fe/H) ≈ 0 and up to (Fe/H) ≈+ 0.4. The (C/O) versus (O/H) trends are well separated between the two discs (due to differences in the oxygen abundances) and bear a great resemblance to the (Fe/O) versus (O/H) trends. Our interpretation of our abun- dance trends is that the sources that are responsible for the carbon enrichment in the Galactic thin and thick discs have operated on a time-scale very similar to those that are responsible for the Fe and Y enrichment (i.e. SN Ia and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars, respectively). We further note that there exist other observational data in the literature that favour massive stars as the main sources for carbon. In order to match our carbon trends, we believe that the carbon yields from massive stars then must be very dependent on metallicity for the C, Fe and Y trends to be so finely tuned in the two disc populations. Such metallicity-dependent yields are no longer supported by the new stellar models in the recent literature. For the Galaxy, we hence conclude that the carbon enrichment at metallicities typical of the disc is mainly due to low- and intermediate-mass stars, while massive stars are still the main carbon contributor at low metallicities (halo and metal-poor thick disc).
The Use of Verbal Feedback in Counseling Groups: Toward an Effective System

Though limited, research findings suggest that behavioral feedback is rated by group members as more effective than interpretive or mixed feedback. Jacobs, Jacobs, Cavior, and Feldman (1973) studied type offeedback when given publicly and Jacobs, Jacobs, Cavior, and Burke (1974) did a similar study using anonymous delivery of feedback. Even though behavioral feedback was not rated as superior on all dependent measures, both studies concluded that behaviorally focused feedback generally has advantages over other forms of feedback.
Tachycardias in children originating in the right ventricular outflow tract: lack of clinical features predicting the presence and severity of the histopathological substrate

Abstract The aim was to determine whether the clinical features of tachycardias originating from the right ventricular outflow tract in children with an apparently normal heart could predict the presence and the severity of the histopathological substrate. Thirteen children (median age 6 years; range 6 months–12 years) with tachycardia originating from the right ventricular outflow tract of apparently normal hearts, were assessed by echocardiography, heart catheterization with angiography, endomyocardial biopsy (13 patients) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRJ) (nine patients). Tachycardia was symptomatic in six and sustained in nine. Endomyocardial biopsy and MRI revealed acute myocarditis in five patients (38%), fatty infiltration of the right ventricle in two (15%), and minor histologic abnormalities in three (23%). Myocarditis was diagnosed in three of nine patients with sustained ventricular tachycardia, as opposed to two of four with non-sustained tachycardia (p = NS); in three of six symptomatic versus two of seven asymptomatic patients (p = NS); and in two of eight patients in whom ventricular tachycardia was induced during exercise testing as opposed to one of three in which it was not inducible (p = NS). A histopathological substrate was found in six of nine patients with sustained ventricular tachycardia, and in all four with non-sustained tachycardia (p = NS); in five of six patients with symptoms versus five of seven asymptomatic patients (p = NS); and in five of eight with inducible ventricular tachycardia during exercise testing versus all three in whom it was not inducible (p = NS). The mean rate of tachycardia was 184 ± 39 beats min−1 in patients with myocarditis, as opposed to 171 ± 48 in patients without myocarditis (p = NS); and 163 ± 33 in patients with a histopathological substrate compared with 210 ± 65 in patients without a histopathological substrate (p = NS). It is concluded that a histopathological substrate is present in the greater majority of children affected by the so-called right ventricular outflow tract tachycardia, but that the clinical features of the tachycardia do not predict the presence and the severity of this histopathological substrate.
Pre‐heating by pre‐virialization and its impact on galaxy formation

We use recent observations of the H 1 mass function to constrain galaxy formation. The data conflict with the standard model where most of the gas in a low-mass dark matter halo is assumed to settle into a disc of cold gas that is depleted by star formation and supernova-driven outflows until the disc becomes gravitationally stable. Assuming a star formation threshold density supported by both theory and observations, this model predicts HI masses that are much too large. The reason is simple: supernova feedback requires star formation, which in turn requires a high surface density for the gas. Heating by the ultraviolet background can reduce the amount of cold gas in haloes with masses < 10 9.5 h -1 M θ , but is insufficient to explain the observed H I mass function. A consistent model can be found if low-mass haloes are embedded in a pre-heated medium, with a specific gas entropy ∼10 keV cm 2 . In addition, such a model simultaneously matches the faint-end slope of the galaxy luminosity function without the need for any supernova-driven outflows. We propose a pre-heating model where the medium around low-mass haloes is pre-heated by gravitational pancaking. Because gravitational tidal fields suppress the formation of low-mass haloes while promoting that of pancakes, the formation of massive pancakes precedes that of the low-mass haloes within them. We demonstrate that the progenitors of present-day dark matter haloes with M? 10 12 h -1 M θ were embedded in pancakes of masses ∼5 x 10 12 h -1 M θ at z ∼ 2. The formation of such pancakes heats the gas to a temperature of 5 x 10 5 K and compresses it to an overdensity of ∼10. Such gas has a cooling time that exceeds the age of the Universe at z? 2, and has a specific entropy of ∼15 keV cm 2 , almost exactly the amount required to explain the stellar and H i mass functions.
Coordination between access points in distributed flexible spectrum use

Uncoordinated deployments of high number of access points are likely to consist of separate, overlapping local area networks, creating a demand for solutions enabling networks to co-exist in the same frequency band. Such uncoordinated deployments would benefit significantly on self-organizing Flexible Spectrum Use (FSU), which would in practice provide some degree of automated network optimization for the system. In our paper, we study the distributed FSU in the context of uncoordinated deployment (i.e. randomly placed of APs, where UEs may be connected to clearly suboptimal faraway APs). The goal is to understand if there is any need for FSU coordination in a scenario of completely distributed APs belonging to multiple networks. The results indicate that for the scenarios with several overlapping networks FSU coordination is necessary. Otherwise decent coverage cannot be obtained and thus spectrum resources are not shared fairly among the users.
The cardioprotective efficacy of TVP1022 against ischemia/reperfusion injury and cardiac remodeling in rats

Following acute myocardial infarction (MI), early and successful reperfusion is the most effective strategy for reducing infarct size and improving the clinical outcome. However, immediate restoration of blood flow to the ischemic zone results in myocardial damage, defined as “reperfusion‐injury”. Whereas we previously reported that TVP1022 (the S‐isomer of rasagiline, FDA‐approved anti‐Parkinson drug) decreased infarct size 24 h post ischemia reperfusion (I/R) in rats, in this study we investigated the chronic cardioprotective efficacy of TVP1022 14 days post‐I/R. To simulate the clinical settings of acute MI followed by reperfusion therapy, we employed a rat model of left anterior descending artery occlusion for 30 min followed by reperfusion and a follow‐up for 14 days. TVP1022 was initially administered postocclusion–prereperfusion, followed by chronic daily administrations. Cardiac performance and remodeling were evaluated using customary and advanced echocardiographic methods, hemodynamic measurements by Millar Mikro‐Tip® catheter, and histopathological techniques. TVP1022 administration markedly decreased the remodeling process as illustrated by attenuation of left ventricular enlargement and cardiac hypertrophy (both at the whole heart and the cellular level). Furthermore, TVP1022 inhibited cardiac fibrosis and reduced ventricular BNP levels. Functionally, TVP1022 treatment preserved cardiac wall motion. Specifically, the echocardiographic and most of the direct hemodynamic measures were pronouncedly improved by TVP1022. Collectively, these findings indicate that TVP1022 provides prominent cardioprotection against I/R injury and post‐MI remodeling in this I/R model.
Muscle Fiber-Type Distribution as a Predictor of Blood Pressure: A 19-Year Follow-Up Study

The known association between physical activity and low blood pressure may be influenced by inherited characteristics. Skeletal muscle consists of type I (slow-twitch) and type II (fast-twitch) muscle fibers, with proportions highly variable between individuals and mostly determined by genetic factors. A high percentage of type I fibers (type I%) has been associated with low blood pressure in cross-sectional studies. We investigated whether type I percentage predicts future blood pressure levels and explains part of the association between physical activity and blood pressure. At baseline, in 1984, muscle fiber-type distribution, physical activity, and body mass index (BMI) were determined in 64 healthy men (age, 32 to 58 years). At follow-up, in 2003, blood pressure, physical activity, and BMI were determined in these men. In subjects without antihypertensive medication (n=43), type I percentage accounted for 5%/18% of the variation in systolic/diastolic blood pressure. A high type I percentage predicted, independent of both baseline (in 1984) and follow-up (in 2003), physical activity, BMI, and low systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Adjusted for all baseline covariates, a 20-unit higher type I percentage predicted a 11.6-mm Hg lower systolic blood pressure (P=0.018) and a 5.0-mm Hg lower diastolic blood pressure (P=0.018). High levels of physical activity in 1984 predicted low diastolic blood pressure, but this association was lost when type I percentage was included into the model. A high proportion of type I fibers in skeletal muscle is an independent predictor of low blood pressure and explains part of the known association between high levels of physical activity and low blood pressure.