Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Uterine Clear Cell Carcinoma of Postmenopausal Woman: A Case Report

Endometrial cancer is the most common gynecologic malignancy in developed countries. Clear cell carcinoma typically occurs in the ovaries, and very rarely occurs in the endometrium; it accounts for less than 3% of all endometrial cancers. It is presumed that clear cell carcinomas are of Müllerian duct origin, and an association with exposure to diethylstilbestrol (DES) or other nonsteroidal follicle stimulating hormones has been described. We report a case of a postmenopausal woman who presented with vaginal bleeding without a specific medical history. Under the impression of an endometrial mass, we performed a laparoscopic operation. Pathologic results showed clear cell carcinoma of the endometrium. Depth of invasion was 0.2 cm out of a 0.5 cm total thickness, and the rectal shelf mass was clear cell carcinoma. We report the case with a brief review of the relevant literature.
Profile of endometriosis in the aging female rhesus monkey.

BACKGROUND A retrospective analysis was conducted on necropsy records from a large rhesus monkey colony to evaluate the age-related prevalence of endometriosis. METHODS A total of 314 records collected over a 15-year period were analyzed, yielding 66 monkeys with histologically verified endometriosis and 248 control subjects. RESULTS The analyses demonstrated that the incidence of endometriosis increases progressively across the life span, ultimately impacting 21-45% of aged monkeys over 20 years of age. CONCLUSIONS Because mild disease is often not diagnosed premortem, the endocrine and immune sequelae of endometriosis may be a potential confound in even nonreproductive research with aging primates. Prior research-related events influence the occurrence and severity of endometriosis in these long-lived animals, and specifically could have contributed to the high prevalence of endometriosis in this particular monkey colony.
The experience of adolescent motherhood: An exploratory mixed methods study

AIM To identify and better understand opportunities for and challenges in attaining the maternal role among women who began childbearing in adolescence in rural Mexico. BACKGROUND Adolescent mothers often face challenges rising from their socioeconomic status and developmental stage that can strain the process of developing confidence and competence in the maternal role. In Mexico, 19% of births are to women under age 20. Little is known about these mothers' experiences with parenting. DESIGN Mixed methods. METHODS Quantitative data collected in 2008 from a cluster-random sample of mothers (n = 1,381) in rural, impoverished areas of three southern states provided objective measures of mothers' socioeconomic position, well-being, and parenting practices. Semi-structured interviews conducted in 2013 with mothers (n = 30) provided insight into perceptions of motherhood and opportunities for and challenges in attaining the maternal role. FINDINGS Ever-adolescent mothers scored lower than never-adolescent mothers on the total HOME and the parental responsivity and learning materials subscales. They also occupied the most economically disadvantaged positions, showing the lowest levels of education and wealth and the most depressive symptoms compared with never-adolescent mothers. The qualitative analysis supported these challenges and highlighted areas of opportunity: (1) early-adolescent parents faced economic challenges; (2) adolescent childbearing was normative with some exceptions; (3) participants' mothers and mothers-in-law provided social support; and (4) mothers focused on learning to parent and helping their children "get ahead" in life. CONCLUSION Findings have important implications for identifying how to support young women as they become mothers and continue in this role.
Interaction design in the wild

The StoryBank project in the UK is exploring the application of digital storytelling technology to information sharing in the developing world. A multidisciplinary team of interaction designers, ethnographers and computer scientists are adopting a user-centered approach to the design of a system which should be useful to a specific rural community in South India. This paper discusses some of the challenges that the interaction designers met and how these shaped the design process.
A Mitochondrial Haplogroup is Associated with Decreased Longevity in a Historic New World Population

ABSTRACT Interest in mitochondrial influences on extended longevity has been mounting, as evidenced by a growing literature. Such work has demonstrated that some haplogroups are associated with increased longevity and that such associations are population specific. Most previous work, however, suffers from the methodological shortcoming that long-lived individuals are compared with “controls” who are born decades after the aged individuals. The only true controls of the elderly are people who were born in the same time period but who did not have extended longevity. Here we present results of a study in which we are able to test whether longevity is independent of haplogroup type, controlling for time period, by using mtDNA genealogies. Since mtDNA does not recombine, we know the mtDNA haplogroup of the maternal ancestors of our living participants. Thus, we can compare the haplogroup of people with and without extended longevity who were born during the same time period. Our sample is an admixed New World population that has haplogroups of Amerindian, European, and African origin. We show that women who belong to Amerindian, European, and African haplogroups do not differ in their mean longevity. Therefore, to the extent that ethnicity was tied in this population to mtDNA make-up, such ethnicity did not impact longevity. In support of previous suggestions that the link between mtDNA haplogroups and longevity is specific to the population being studied, we found an association between haplogroup C and decreased longevity. Interestingly, the lifetime reproductive success and the number of grandchildren produced via a daughter of women with haplogroup C are not reduced. Our diachronic approach to the mtDNA and longevity link allowed us to determine that the same haplogroup is associated with decreased longevity during different time periods and allowed us to compare the haplogroup of short- and long-lived individuals born during the same time period. By controlling for time period, we minimized the effect of different cultural and ecological environments on differential longevity. With our diachronic approach, we investigated the mtDNA and longevity link with a biocultural perspective.
Tolfenamic acid-induced alterations in genes and pathways in pancreatic cancer cells

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are being tested extensively for their role in the treatment and prevention of several cancers. Typically NSAIDs exhibit anti-tumor activities via modulation of cyclooxygenase (COX)-dependent mechanisms, however, an anti-cancer NSAID tolfenamic acid (TA) is believed to work through COX-independent pathways. Results from our laboratory and others have demonstrated the anti-cancer activity of TA in various cancer models including pancreatic cancer. TA has been shown to modulate certain cellular processes including, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species and signaling. In this study, molecular profiling was performed to precisely understand the mode of action of TA. Three pancreatic cancer cell lines, L3.6pl, MIA PaCa-2, and Panc1 were treated with TA (50 μM for 48 h) and the changes in gene expression was evaluated using the Affymetrix GeneChip Human Gene ST Array platform. Microarray results were further validated using quantitative PCR for seven genes altered by TA treatment in all three cell lines. Functional analysis of differentially expressed genes (2 fold increase or decrease, p < 0.05) using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis software, revealed that TA treatment predominantly affected the genes involved in cell cycle, cell growth and proliferation, and cell death and survival. Promoter analysis of the differentially expressed genes revealed that they are enriched for Sp1 binding sites, suggesting that Sp1 could be a major contributor in mediating the effect of TA. The gene expression studies identified new targets involved in TA's mode of action, while supporting the hypothesis about the association of Sp1 in TA mediated effects in pancreatic cancer.
Pulse-Programming Instabilities of Unipolar-Type NiOx

Oscillations in the transient current profiles of resistive switching memory during set and reset pulse programming were observed and explained by the repeated threshold switching (instantaneous set/reset programming) due to the unstably applied voltage on the resistive random access memory cell during switching. Adding a feedback circuit to prevent the observed oscillations as well as limiting the parasitic capacitance are needed for stable unipolar resistive memory switching.
Optimization of mechanical properties of polymer concrete and mix design recommendation based on design of experiments

A series of polymer concretes using furan resin, silica aggregates, and microfiller were prepared for statistically designed combinations. The combinations were designed based on the mixture-design concept of design of experiments. The fillers chosen for the present investigation were high-purity naturally occurring silica of different particle sizes, their mix proportion optimized to have minimum void. For each polymer concrete combination, the mechanical properties were studied. Each response (mechanical property) was individually optimized for maximum values and compared with the experimental data. To obtain a single-input combination, having maximum values in all the responses, a combined optimization was done and a mix design was recommended. The coefficient of correlation between the experimental values and predicted values was found to be high, proving the fitness of the selected model. The effect of individual variables on the response was discussed. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 1107–1116, 2004
The Economic Cost of Implementing Maternal and Neonatal Death Review in a District of Bangladesh

Introduction Maternal and neonatal death review (MNDR) introduced in Bangladesh and initially piloted in a district during 2010. MNDR is able to capture each of the maternal, neonatal deaths and stillbirths from the community and government facilities (hospitals). This study aimed to estimate the cost required to implement MNDR in a district of Bangladesh during 2010-2012. Materials and methods MNDR was implemented in Thakurgaon district in 2010 and later gradually extended until 2015. MNDR implementation framework, guidelines, tools and manual were developed at the national level with national level stakeholders including government health and family planning staff at different cadre for piloting at Thakurgaon. Programme implementation costs were calculated by year of costing and costing as per component of MNDR in 2013. The purchasing power parity conversion rate was 1 $INT = 24.46 BDT, as of 31st Dec 2012. Results Overall programme implementation costs required to run MNDR were 109,02,754 BDT (445,738 $INT $INT) in the first year (2010). In the following years cost reduced to 8,208,995 BDT (335,609 $INT, during 2011) and 6,622,166 BDT (270,735 $INT, during 2012). The average cost per activity required was 3070 BDT in 2010, 1887 BDT and 2207 BDT required in 2011 and 2012 respectively. Each death notification cost 4.09 $INT, verbal autopsy cost 8.18 $INT, and social autopsy cost 16.35 $INT. Facility death notification cost 2.04 $INT and facility death review meetings cost 20.44 $INT. One death saved by MNDR costs 53,654 BDT (2193 $INT). Conclusions Programmatic implementation cost of conducting MPDR give an idea on how much cost will be required to run a death review system for a low income country settings using government health system. Significance for public health Maternal and neonatal death review (MNDR) system in a low income county is one of the key indicators to improve quality of health care services. The MNDR also support in the reduction of maternal and newborn deaths. However, to run a comprehensive death review system need to know costs associated with the system. This is crucial in low income countries for planning and designing a public health intervention. Very few studies yet perform to look at the costs to run a death review system. This paper describes health economic cost of death review system in Bangladesh for future public health research in low income countries
Predator Prey Optimization Method For The Design Of IIR Filter

The paper develops innovative methodology for the robust and stable design of digital infinite impulse response (IIR) filters using predator-prey optimization (PPO) method. Predator-prey optimization is undertaken as a global search technique and exploratory search is exploited as a local search technique. Being a stochastic optimization procedure, PPO technique, avoids local stagnation as preys play the role of diversification in the search of optimum solution due to the fear of predator(s). Exploratory search aims to fine tune the solution locally in promising search area. The proposed PPO method enhances the capability to explore and exploit the search space locally as well globally to obtain the optimal filter design parameters. A multivariable optimization is employed as the design criterion to obtain the optimal stable IIR filter that satisfies the different performance requirements like minimizing the magnitude approximation error and minimizing the ripple magnitude. The proposed method is effectively applied to design of low-pass, high-pass, band-pass, and band-stop digital IIR filters being multivariable optimization problems. The computational experiments show that the proposed PPO method is superior or at least comparable to other algorithms and can be efficiently applied for higher order filter design.
On-line Monitoring of End-tidal Propofol Concentration in Anesthetized Patients

Background:Propofol (2,6-diisopropylphenol) has some volatility, so it can be detected in expired breath of individuals receiving intravenous propofol. This study measured volatile propofol exhaled by patients and investigated the relation between exhaled and plasma propofol concentrations. Methods:Nineteen patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II who were undergoing elective surgery participated in this two-part study. In study 1 (n = 11), anesthesia was induced with 2 mg/kg propofol, 0.1 mg/kg vecuronium, and 2 &mgr;g/kg fentanyl. After intubation, propofol was administered continuously for 60 min at each of three rates: 3, 6, and 9 mg · kg−1 · h−1. Blood samples were obtained just before each change in the infusion rate, and the plasma concentrations of propofol were measured. The exhaled propofol concentration was measured continuously by means of proton transfer mass spectrometry. End-tidal propofol concentrations during blood sampling were averaged and compared with plasma propofol concentrations. In study 2 (n = 8), after induction of anesthesia, patients received a bolus injection of 2 mg/kg propofol, and the exhaled propofol concentration was measured. Results:Volatile propofol was detected in expired gas from all study patients. From study 1, the authors obtained 24 paired data points, i.e., concentrations of end-tidal and plasma propofol. With Bland-Altman analysis, bias ± precision was 5.2 ± 10.4 with 95% limits of agreement of −15.1 and 25.6. In study 2, the exhaled propofol concentration curve showed an obvious peak in all patients. Conclusions:Agreement between plasma and exhaled propofol concentrations suggests that proton transfer mass spectrometry can be used for real-time propofol monitoring.
A 1.2-V 165-/spl mu/W 0.29-mm2 Multibit Sigma-Delta ADC for Hearing Aids Using Nonlinear DACs and With Over 91 dB Dynamic-Range

This paper describes the design and experimental evaluation of a multibit Sigma-Delta (ΣΔ) modulator (ΣΔM) with enhanced dynamic range (DR) through the use of nonlinear digital-to-analog converters (DACs) in the feedback paths. This nonlinearity imposes a trade-off between DR and distortion, which is well suited to the intended hearing aid application. The modulator proposed here uses a fully-differential self-biased amplifier and a 4-bit quantizer based on fully dynamic comparators employing MOS parametric pre-amplification to improve both energy and area efficiencies. A test chip was fabricated in a 130 nm digital CMOS technology, which includes the proposed modulator with nonlinear DACs and a modulator with conventional linear DACs, for comparison purposes. The measured results show that the ΣΔM using nonlinear DACs achieves an enhancement of the DR around 8.4 dB (to 91.4 dB). Power dissipation and silicon area are about the same for the two cases. The performance achieved is comparable to that of the best reported multibit ΣΔ ADCs, with the advantage of occupying less silicon area (7.5 times lower area when compared with the most energy efficient ΣΔM).
Estimating vegetation cover in an urban environment based on Landsat ETM+ imagery: A case study in Phoenix, USA

Studies of urban ecological systems can be greatly enhanced by combining ecosystem modelling and remote sensing which often requires establishing statistical relationships between field and remote sensing data. At the Central Arizona–Phoenix Long‐Term Ecological Research (CAPLTER) site in the south‐western USA, we estimated vegetation abundance from Landsat ETM+ acquired at three dates by computing vegetation indices (NDVI and SAVI) and conducting linear spectral mixture analysis (SMA). Our analyses were stratified by three major land use/land covers—urban, agricultural, and desert. SMA, which provides direct measures of vegetation end member fraction for each pixel, was directly compared with field data and with the independent accuracy assessment dataset constructed from air photos. Vegetation index images with highest correlation with field data were used to construct regression models whose predictions were validated with the accuracy assessment dataset. We also investigated alternative regression methods, recognizing the inadequacy of traditional Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) in biophysical remote sensing. Symmetrical regressions—reduced major axis (RMA) and bisector ordinary least squares (OLSbisector)—were evaluated and compared with OLS. Our results indicated that SMA was a more accurate approach to vegetation quantification in urban and agricultural land uses, but had a poor accuracy when applied to desert vegetation. Potential sources of errors and some improvement recommendations are discussed.
Cooling in Coronal Gas in the M82 Starburst Superwind

We have used the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer to search for O VI λ1031. 926 emission at four locations in the starburst superwind of M82. No O VI emission was detected at any of the four pointings, with upper limits less than or equal to the 0.3-2 keV X-ray flux. These observations limit the energy lost through radiative cooling of coronal phase (T ~ 105.5 K) gas to roughly the same magnitude as that lost in the hot phase through X-ray emission, which has been shown to be small. The wind material retains most of its energy and should be able to escape from the gravitational potential of M82, enriching the intergalactic medium with energy and metals. The lack of coronal gas in the wind and observations of spatially correlated X-ray and Hα emission are consistent with a scenario in which the hot wind material overruns cold clouds in the halo or with one in which the Hα and X-ray emission arise at the interface between the hot wind and a cool shell of swept-up interstellar medium, as long as the shock velocity is ≲150 km s-1. The observed limits on the O VI/Hα and C III/Hα flux ratios rule out shock heating as the source of the T = 104 K gas unless the shock velocity is ≲90 km s-1.
RBANS has reasonable test-retest reliability in schizophrenia

(2002) American Journal of Psychiatry 159, 838; Wilk C, Gold J, Bartko J, Dickerson F, Fenton W, Knable M, Randolph C, Buchaanan R. Test-retest stability of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status in schizophrenia. May; . : . –44. [OpenUrl][1][CrossRef][2][PubMed][3][Web of Science][4] QUESTION: What is the test-retest reliability of the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS) in people with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls? Case-control study with repeated tests. Three hospitals and psychiatric research centres, USA. 181 adults with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and 99 healthy people. People with mental retardation, drug problems or alcohol dependence were excluded. The RBANS is a cognitive screening test with a total score scale and five specific cognitive ability index scores. Participants completed one form of the RBANS followed by the alternate form at a later … [1]: {openurl}? query=rft.jtitle%253DAmerican%2BJournal%2Bof%2BPsychiatry%26rft.stitle%253DAm. %2BJ. %2BPsychiatry%26rft.issn%253D0002-953X%26rft.aulast%253DWilk%26rft.auinit1%253DC. %2BM. %26rft.volume%253D159%26rft.issue%253D5%26rft.spage%253D838%26rft.epage%253D844%26rft.atitle%253DTest-Retest%2BStability%2Bof%2Bthe%2BRepeatable%2BBattery%2Bfor%2Bthe%2BAssessment%2Bof%2BNeuropsychological%2BStatus%2Bin%2BSchizophrenia%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Adoi%252F10.1176%252Fappi.ajp. 159.5. 838%26rft_id%253Dinfo%253Apmid%252F11986139%26rft.genre%253Darticle%26rft_val_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Ajournal%26ctx_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ver%253DZ39.88-2004%26url_ctx_fmt%253Dinfo%253Aofi%252Ffmt%253Akev%253Amtx%253Actx [2]: /lookup/external-ref? access_num=10.1176/appi.ajp. 159.5. 838&link_type=DOI [3]: /lookup/external-ref? access_num=11986139&link_type=MED&atom=%2Febmental%2F6%2F1%2F22.atom [4]: /lookup/external-ref? access_num=000175367400022&link_type=ISI
Use of conventional and complementary health care during the transition to menopause: longitudinal results from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN)

Objective: Women beginning the transition to menopause now have access to complementary and alternative therapies (CAM) that were not universally available in the past. Little is known about the association between CAM use and the use of conventional health care during menopause. We investigated the longitudinal association between use of CAM therapies and utilization of conventional health care in a large, multiethnic sample of midlife women who were enrolled in the cohort phase of the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN). Design: We used generalized estimating equations, repeated measures modeling to examine the association between CAM use and the yearly number of conventional health-care contacts, adjusting for relevant covariates, during a two-year period. CAM use was evaluated longitudinally as continuous, incident (no CAM use at baseline), sporadic, or no use during the study period. Results: Relative to nonusers, continuous CAM users had more conventional health-care contacts (β 0.14, 95% CI 0.06, 0.21). Incident users and sporadic users also showed an excess in conventional health-care contacts (β 0.14, CI 0.06, 0.22) and (β 0.09, CI 0.01, 0.16), respectively. Ethnicity was independently associated with health-care contacts. Relative to white women, Japanese women had fewer contacts (β −0.18, CI −0.31, −0.05). Conclusions: Despite being a generally healthy, well-educated and high-income population with good access to health care, CAM users were using more of both conventional and alternative health-care resources than women who did not use CAM. These findings have practical implications for conventional health-care practitioners, allied health professionals and CAM practitioners.