Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Premenstrual Syndrome and Menstrual Phase on Postoperative Pain

Background: Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a common finding in luteal phase of menstrual cycle resulting in several changes in woman life including pain sensation. Objectives: This study evaluated the alterations of postoperative pain sensation in those with and without a history of PMS. Patients and Methods: A total of 140 women in in postoperative period were assigned to four groups regarding luteal or follicular phase of menstrual cycle and the history of PMS and were evaluated regarding scale of pain sensation and morphine demand in recovery room. To evaluate the difference among the groups, Mann Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, and Bonferroni tests were used. Results: Patients with PMS presented higher pain sensation and analgesia request (P = 0.003). Patients in luteal phase showed less pain and analgesia request in two out of five studied outcomes (P = 0.075). Conclusions: The most comfortable postoperative women were those in luteal phase without history of PMS group.
Spelling Correction for Morphologically Rich Language: a Case Study of Russian

We present an algorithm for automatic correction of spelling errors on the sentence level, which uses noisy channel model and feature-based reranking of hypotheses. Our system is designed for Russian and clearly outperforms the winner of SpellRuEval-2016 competition. We show that language model size has the greatest influence on spelling correction quality. We also experiment with different types of features and show that morphological and semantic information also improves the accuracy of spellchecking.
Failure to augment maximal limb blood flow in response to one-leg versus two-leg exercise in patients with severe heart failure.

Lower limb blood flow, oxygen uptake, and femoral vein O2 content were measured at rest and during maximal bicycle exercise, performed with two legs and one leg, in four normal subjects and in five patients with severe congestive heart failure. While in normal subjects femoral vein blood flow and lower limb vascular conductance were significantly greater during one-leg exercise than during two-leg exercise (6084 +/- 745 vs 5370 +/- 803 ml/min, p less than .05, and 52.3 +/- 8.0 vs 45.1 +/- 8.2 U X 10(3), p less than . 05, respectively), in patients with severe congestive heart failure these values were similar during the two forms of exercise (1082 +/- 459 vs 1053 +/- 479 ml/min and 9.6 +/- 3.7 vs 9.4 +/- 3.5 U X 10(3), respectively). In five additional patients, one-leg maximal bicycle exercise was performed before and after administration of phentolamine into the femoral artery of the active leg. Regional alpha-adrenergic blockade with phentolamine did not alter maximal oxygen uptake attained during one-leg bicycle exercise (9.8 +/- 1.5 vs 10.3 +/- 1.9 ml/kg). Lower limb blood flow and femoral vein O2 content attained during maximal one-leg exercise were also similar before and after phentolamine. Thus, in contrast with normal subjects, patients with severe congestive heart failure were unable to further increase limb blood flow during one-leg bicycle exercise. Moreover, local alpha-adrenergic blockade does not augment blood flow to the active limb during maximal one-leg bicycle exercise. This suggests that the ability of the muscular vasculature to vasodilate during exercise is impaired and may be a limiting factor to maximal exercise capacity in such patients.
Teaching Reading for Students with Intellectual Disabilities: A Systematic Review.

A systematic review of the literature related to instructional strategies to improve reading skills for students with intellectual disabilities was conducted. Studies reviewed were within three categories; early reading approaches, comprehensive approaches, and one method approach. It was concluded that students with intellectual disabilities are in need to receive very intense practice and instruction to improve their reading skills, and it should be provided explicitly, systematically, and consistently. Recommendations for future studies are discussed.
The Impact of IT Capabilities on Firm Performance: The Mediating Roles of Absorptive Capacity and Supply Chain Agility

Researchers and practitioners regard information technology (IT) as a competitive tool. However, current knowledge on IT capability mechanisms that affect firm performance remains unclear. Based on the dynamic capabilities perspective and the view of a hierarchy of capabilities, this article proposes a model to examine how IT capabilities (i.e., flexible IT infrastructure and IT assimilation) affect firm performance through absorptive capacity and supply chain agility in the supply chain context. Survey data show that absorptive capacity and supply chain agility fully mediate the influences of IT capabilities on firm performance. In addition to the direct effects, absorptive capacity also has indirect effects on firm performance by shaping supply chain agility. We conclude with implications and suggestions for future research.
Knockdown of Human TCF4 Affects Multiple Signaling Pathways Involved in Cell Survival, Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition and Neuronal Differentiation

Haploinsufficiency of TCF4 causes Pitt-Hopkins syndrome (PTHS): a severe form of mental retardation with phenotypic similarities to Angelman, Mowat-Wilson and Rett syndromes. Genome-wide association studies have also found that common variants in TCF4 are associated with an increased risk of schizophrenia. Although TCF4 is transcription factor, little is known about TCF4-regulated processes in the brain. In this study we used genome-wide expression profiling to determine the effects of acute TCF4 knockdown on gene expression in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells. We identified 1204 gene expression changes (494 upregulated, 710 downregulated) in TCF4 knockdown cells. Pathway and enrichment analysis on the differentially expressed genes in TCF4-knockdown cells identified an over-representation of genes involved in TGF-β signaling, epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and apoptosis. Among the most significantly differentially expressed genes were the EMT regulators, SNAI2 and DEC1 and the proneural genes, NEUROG2 and ASCL1. Altered expression of several mental retardation genes such as UBE3A (Angelman Syndrome), ZEB2 (Mowat-Wilson Syndrome) and MEF2C was also found in TCF4-depleted cells. These data suggest that TCF4 regulates a number of convergent signaling pathways involved in cell differentiation and survival in addition to a subset of clinically important mental retardation genes.
Indexing effects of phonological representational strength on rapid naming using rime neighborhood density

Abstract A long-standing hypothesis is that rapid automatized naming (RAN) measures access to phonological representations stored in long-term memory, but this has been difficult to test experimentally because phonological representations are mental constructs not easily operationalized. Here, we provide a method to test this theory using rime neighborhood density as an index of phonological representational strength. Thirty adults completed four picture-naming tasks orthogonalized for item composition (repeating vs. nonrepeating) and presentation format (discrete vs. serial). Each task was presented in two dichotomous conditions of rime neighborhood density (dense and sparse). There was no effect of rime neighborhood density on naming speed in the discrete nonrepeated (confrontation naming) task. However, rime neighborhood density significantly facilitated naming speed for serial repeated (i.e., RAN), discrete repeated, and serial nonrepeated tasks (ps<.03). The effect was weakest for confrontation naming (d=0.14) and strongest for both discrete and serial RAN tasks (ds=1.01), suggesting that repeating items, not serial presentation, makes RAN uniquely sensitive to manipulations of rime neighborhood density and, by proxy, phonological representations.
The Effect of the Gelatinous Lactulose for Postoperative Bowel Movement in the Patients Undergoing Cesarean Section

Lactulose is a non-digestible disaccharide formed from fructose and galactose. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of lactulose on gastrointestinal function after cesarean section. One hundred patients who underwent cesarean section at the Japanese Red Cross Katsushika Maternity Hospital were enrolled in this study. They were divided into 2 groups by randomization: (1) an L group that was treated with gelatinous lactulose (N = 48) and (2) a control group (C group) that did not receive gelatinous lactulose (N = 52). The interval between cesarean section and first postoperative flatus, defecation, and walking; appearance of symptoms of ileus; use of other medicines for stimulating bowel movement; properties and state of feces; and duration of postoperative hospital stay were compared between the two groups. The two groups did not show a significant difference in postoperative outcomes, except for the incidence of loose or watery stools (50% in the L group and 26.9% in the C group, P = 0.03). This study could not demonstrate the apparent effectiveness of lactulose in improving bowel function after cesarean section. Therefore, a routine use of gelatinous lactulose after surgery may negatively impact the patients undergoing cesarean section.
Identification of a novel antigen-presenting cell population modulating antiinfluenza type 2 immunity

Antiinfluenza type 2 (T2) immunity contributes to both immunopathology and immunoprotection, yet the underlying mechanisms modulating T2 immunity remain ill defined. We describe a novel mouse antigen (Ag)-presenting cell (APC), designated late-activator APC (LAPC). After pulmonary influenza A (H1N1) virus infection, LAPCs enter the lungs, capture viral Ag, and subsequently migrate to the draining lymph node (DLN) and spleen, with delayed kinetics relative to dendritic cells (DCs). In the DLN, influenza virus–activated LAPCs present Ag and selectively induce T helper type 2 (Th2) effector cell polarization by cell–cell contact–mediated modulation of GATA-3 expression. In adoptive transfer experiments, influenza virus–activated LAPCs augmented Th2 effector T cell responses in the DLN, increased production of circulating antiinfluenza immunoglobulin, and increased levels of T2 cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in recipient influenza virus–infected mice. LAPC-recipient mice exhibited exacerbated pulmonary pathology, with delayed viral clearance and enhanced pulmonary eosinophilia. Collectively, our results identify and highlight the importance of LAPCs as immunomodulators of T2 immunity during influenza A virus infection.
Dissociable Components of Cognitive Control: An Event-Related Potential (ERP) Study of Response Inhibition and Interference Suppression

Background Cognitive control refers to the ability to selectively attend and respond to task-relevant events while resisting interference from distracting stimuli or prepotent automatic responses. The current study aimed to determine whether interference suppression and response inhibition are separable component processes of cognitive control. Methodology/Principal Findings Fourteen young adults completed a hybrid Go/Nogo flanker task and continuous EEG data were recorded concurrently. The incongruous flanker condition (that required interference suppression) elicited a more centrally distributed topography with a later N2 peak than the Nogo condition (that required response inhibition). Conclusions/Significance These results provide evidence for the dissociability of interference suppression and response inhibition, indicating that taxonomy of inhibition is warranted with the integration of research evidence from neuroscience.
Mislocalization of Flashed and Stationary Visual Stimuli after Adaptation of Reactive and Scanning Saccades

When we look around and register the location of visual objects, our oculomotor system continuously prepares targets for saccadic eye movements. The preparation of saccade targets may be directly involved in the perception of object location because modification of saccade amplitude by saccade adaptation leads to a distortion of the visual localization of briefly flashed spatial probes. Here, we investigated effects of adaptation on the localization of continuously visible objects. We compared adaptation-induced mislocalization of probes that were present for 20 ms during the saccade preparation period and of probes that were present for >1 s before saccade initiation. We studied the mislocalization of these probes for two different saccade types, reactive saccades to a suddenly appearing target and scanning saccades in the self-paced viewing of a stationary scene. Adaptation of reactive saccades induced mislocalization of flashed probes. Adaptation of scanning saccades induced in addition also mislocalization of stationary objects. The mislocalization occurred in the absence of visual landmarks and must therefore originate from the change in saccade motor parameters. After adaptation of one type of saccade, the saccade amplitude change and the mislocalization transferred only weakly to the other saccade type. Mislocalization of flashed and stationary probes thus followed the selectivity of saccade adaptation. Since the generation and adaptation of reactive and scanning saccades are known to involve partially different brain mechanisms, our results suggest that visual localization of objects in space is linked to saccade targeting at multiple sites in the brain.
Difficulties with Pitch Discrimination Influences Pitch Memory Performance: Evidence from Congenital Amusia

Music processing is influenced by pitch perception and memory. Additionally these features interact, with pitch memory performance decreasing as the perceived distance between two pitches decreases. This study examined whether or not the difficulty of pitch discrimination influences pitch retention by testing individuals with congenital amusia. Pitch discrimination difficulty was equated by determining an individual’s threshold with a two down one up staircase procedure and using this to create conditions where two pitches (the standard and the comparison tones) differed by 1x, 2x, and 3x the threshold setting. For comparison with the literature a condition that employed a constant pitch difference of four semitones was also included. The results showed that pitch memory performance improved as the discrimination between the standard and the comparison tones was made easier for both amusic and control groups, and more importantly, that amusics did not show any pitch retention deficits when the discrimination difficulty was equated. In contrast, consistent with previous literature, amusics performed worse than controls when the physical pitch distance was held constant at four semitones. This impaired performance has been interpreted as evidence for pitch memory impairment in the past. However, employing a constant pitch distance always makes the difference closer to the discrimination threshold for the amusic group than for the control group. Therefore, reduced performance in this condition may simply reflect differences in the perceptual difficulty of the discrimination. The findings indicate the importance of equating the discrimination difficulty when investigating memory.
Concurrent Risks and Developmental Antecedents to Relational and Physical Aggression in Early Childhood

We examined differential predictors (sex, age, prosocial behaviour, internalizing problems, and impulsivity) of teacher-rated aggression style (physically aggressive, relationally aggressive, or combined physically and relationally aggressive) in preschoolers (N = 429; M = 41.29, SD = 8.14) using multinomial logistic regression. Sex differentiated between aggression styles, such that being a boy was associated with an increased likelihood of being in the physically aggressive group relative to the non-aggressive group (OR = 2.44) or relative to the relationally aggressive group (OR = 4.35). Teacher’s reports of impulsivity also differed significantly across aggression styles, such that higher impulsivity was associated with an increased likelihood of being in either of the two physically aggressive groups (exclusive or combined) relative to the non-aggressive group, (OR = 11.21, OR = 16.65, respectively), or the exclusively relationally aggressive group, (OR = 4.28, OR = 6.35, respectively). Results suggested that preschoolers are not physically aggressive due to a lack of prosocial skills or internalizing problems, but rather, due to a lack of control over impulses. Also, combined users emerged as a unique group from relationally aggressive preschoolers with regards to impulsivity, but were indistinguishable from physically aggressive preschoolers.
National survey of molecular epidemiology of Staphylococcus aureus colonization in Belgian cystic fibrosis patients.

OBJECTIVES Epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is poorly defined in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients, and S. aureus detection may be hampered by the presence of small colony variants (SCVs). We conducted a multicentre survey to determine the prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA colonization in Belgian CF patients and characterize the phenotype and clonal distribution of their staphylococcal strains. METHODS S. aureus isolated from CF patients attending nine CF centres were collected. Oxacillin resistance was detected by oxacillin agar screen and mecA PCR. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested by microdilution. MRSA strains were genotyped by PFGE and SCCmec typing and compared with hospital-associated MRSA strains. RESULTS Laboratories used a diversity of sputum culture procedures, many of which appeared substandard. S. aureus was isolated from 275/627 (44%) CF patients (20% to 72% by centre). The prevalence of SCV colonization was 4%, but SCVs were almost exclusively recovered from patients in two centres performing an SCV search. Phenotypically, 14% of S. aureus isolates were oxacillin-resistant: 79% carried mecA and 19% were SCVs lacking mecA. The mean prevalence of 'true' MRSA colonization was 5% (0% to 17% by centre). By PFGE typing, 67% of CF-associated MRSA were related to five epidemic clones widespread in Belgian hospitals. CONCLUSIONS This first survey of S. aureus colonization in the Belgian CF population indicated a diversity in local prevalence rates and in proportion of oxacillin-resistant and SCV phenotypes, probably related to variation in bacteriological methods. These findings underscore the need for standard S. aureus detection methods and MRSA control policies in Belgian CF centres.
Exactly Marginal Deformations of Quiver Gauge Theories as Seen from Brane Tilings

We study the relation between exactly marginal deformations in a large class of N = 1 superconformal quiver gauge theories described by brane tilings and the degrees of freedom in the corresponding 5-brane systems. We show, with the help of NSVZ exact β functions, that there are generically d− 1 complex exactly marginal deformations of a gauge theory, where d is the perimeter of the corresponding toric diagram. We identify d− 3 complex marginal deformations as deformations of the brane system and the Wilson lines on it, and the other two, the diagonal gauge coupling and a β-like deformation, as background supergravity fields.
Quasi-optimal and robust a posteriori error estimates in L∞(L2) for the approximation of Allen-Cahn equations past singularities

Quasi-optimal a posteriori error estimates in L ∞ (0,T; L 2 (Ω)) are derived for the finite element approximation of Allen-Cahn equations. The estimates depend on the inverse of a small parameter only in a low order polynomial and are valid past topological changes of the evolving interface. The error analysis employs an elliptic reconstruction of the approximate solution and applies to a large class of conforming, nonconforming, mixed, and discontinuous Galerkin methods. Numerical experiments illustrate the theoretical results.
Ethnic and racial differences in diabetes care: The Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study.

OBJECTIVE Diabetes and its complications disproportionately affect African Americans and Hispanics. Complications could be prevented with appropriate medical care. We compared five processes of care and three outcomes of care among African Americans, Hispanics, and non-Hispanic whites. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used data from the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (1993-1998) of participants with known diabetes. African Americans and Hispanics were compared with non-Hispanic whites from the same region. Five process measures (treatment of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, albuminuria, and coronary artery disease) and three outcome measures (control of diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia) were evaluated. RESULTS Comparison groups were similar in baseline characteristics. African Americans and Hispanics were equally likely as their non-Hispanic white comparison group to receive treatment for diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, albuminuria, and coronary artery disease, although treatment rates for hyperlipidemia and albuminuria were poor for all groups. African Americans were more likely to have poorly controlled diabetes (HbA(1c) >8.0%: OR 2.23, 95% CI 1.26-3.94). Both African American and Hispanics were significantly more likely to have borderline or poorly controlled hypertension than non-Hispanic whites (blood pressure >130-140/85-90 or >140/90 mmHg: African American/non-Hispanic white OR 3.22, 95% CI 1.57-6.59; Hispanic/non-Hispanic white 3.14, 1.35-7.3). CONCLUSIONS The rates of treatment for diabetes and associated comorbidities are similar across all three ethnic groups. Few individuals in any ethnic group received treatment for hyperlipidemia and albuminuria. Ethnic disparities exist in control of diabetes and hypertension. Programs should be tested to improve overall quality of care and eliminate these disparities.
An analog of the minimax theorem for vector payoffs.

for all i, j . Thus in the (two-person, zero-sum) game with matrix Λf, player I has a strategy insuring an expected gain of at least v, and player II has a strategy insuring an expected loss of at most v. An alternative statement, which follows from the von Neumann theorem and an appropriate law of large numbers is that, for any e>0, I can, in a long series of plays of the game with matrix M, guarantee, with probability approaching 1 as the number of plays becomes infinite, that his average actual gain per play exceeds v — e and that II can similarly restrict his average actual loss to v-he. These facts are assertions about the extent to which each player can control the center of gravity of the actual payoffs in a long series of plays. In this paper we investigate the extent to which this center of gravity can be controlled by the players for the case of matrices M whose elements m(i9 j) are points of ΛΓ-space. Roughly, we seek to answer the following question. Given a matrix M and a set S in iV-space, can I guarantee that the center of gravity of the payoffs in a long series of plays is in or arbitrarily near St with probability approaching 1 as the number of plays becomes infinite ? The question is formulated more precisely below, and a complete solution is given in two cases: the case JV=1 and the case of convex S. Let
Initial Validation of the Socialization Self-Efficacy Scale With International Transracially Adoptive Parents

Abstract This study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the 10-item Socialization Self-Efficacy Scale (SSES) using a sample of international transracially adoptive parents. This online survey design study recruited transracially adoptive parents from parenting support groups. Using a random split sample of the data, exploratory factor analysis resulted in two subfactors: cultural socialization self-efficacy and racial socialization self-efficacy. Next, confirmatory factor analysis in the remaining sample supported the two-factor structure. The findings provide strong initial support for the validity of the SSES that measures transracially adoptive parents’ motivation and belief in their ability to engage in cultural and racial socialization practices.