Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Abstract Structure of Quantum Algorithms

Quantum information brings together theories of physics and computer science. This synthesis challenges the basic intuitions of both fields. In this thesis, we show that adopting a unified and general language for process theories advances foundations and practical applications of quantum information. Our first set of results analyze quantum algorithms with a process theoretic structure. We contribute new constructions of the Fourier transform and Pontryagin duality in dagger symmetric monoidal categories. We then use this setting to study generalized unitary oracles and give a new quantum blackbox algorithm for the identification of group homomorphisms, solving the GROUPHOMID problem. In the remaining section, we construct a novel model of quantum blackbox algorithms in non-deterministic classical computation. Our second set of results concerns quantum foundations. We complete work begun by Coecke et al., definitively connecting the Mermin non-locality of a process theory with a simple algebraic condition on that theory's phase groups. This result allows us to offer new experimental tests for Mermin non-locality and new protocols for quantum secret sharing. In our final chapter, we exploit the shared process theoretic structure of quantum information and distributional compositional linguistics. We propose a quantum algorithm adapted from Weibe et al. to classify sentences by meaning. The clarity of the process theoretic setting allows us to recover a speedup that is lost in the naive application of the algorithm. The main mathematical tools used in this thesis are group theory (esp. Fourier theory on finite groups), monoidal category theory, and categorical algebra.
Structural Performance of Fire-Retardant Treated Plywood: Effect of Elevated Temperature

Summary This paper was designed to investigate the change of bending strength, bonding shear strength and surface fire-retardant (FR) performance of FR treated plywood after accelerated degradation treatment at elevated temperature (77 °C) and medium humidity (50%RH) condition. Furthermore, thermogravimetry analysis (TGA) and differential scanning curves (DSC) analysis were also conducted to explore their thermal degradation. PF-bonded Red meranti (Shorea spp.) and radiata pine (Pinus radiata) plywood, FR chemicals of AF21 and Lee-An 302 were used. Results indicated that the bending strength and bonding shear strength of non-FR treated and FR treated plywood decreased linearly with the increase of treatment durations. After 80 days of accelerated degradation treatment, the reduction ratio ( %) of bending strength ranged from 6.5% to 33.4% and varied with treatment conditions, whereas 12.8% to 42.3% reduction ratios were observed in bonding shear strength. After subjected to accelerated degradation treatment FR treated plywood could meet the requirement of the third grade FR performance as specified by CNS 6532 standard except those treated with Lee-An 302 FR for 20 days and 40 days. Furthermore, based on TGA, the weight loss of FR treated plywood was found to be less than that of non-FR treated plywoods. After thermal degradation under 100°C, the residual weight of FR treated plywood was higher than that of non-FR treated plywoods.
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in the Surgical Treatment of Acute Myocardial Infarction

Many studies document disparities between Blacks and Whites in the treatment of acute myocardial infarction on controlling for patient demographic factors and comorbid conditions. Other studies provide evidence of disparities between Hispanics and Whites in cardiac care. Such disparities may be explained by differences in the hospitals where minority and nonminority patients obtain treatment and by differences in the traits of physicians who treat minority and nonminority patients. We used 1997-2005 Florida hospital inpatient discharge data to estimate models of cardiac catheterization, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, and coronary artery bypass grafting in Medicare fee-for-service patients 65 years and older. Controlling for hospital fixed effects does not explain Black–White disparities in cardiac treatment but largely explains Hispanic–White disparities. Controlling for physician fixed effects accounts for some extent of the racial disparities in treatment and entirely explains the ethnic disparities in treatment.
Components of treatment delay in rheumatoid arthritis differ according to autoantibody status: validation of a single-centre observation using national audit data

Objective. To determine whether time to treatment following symptom onset differs between RA patients according to autoantibody status. Methods. A single-centre retrospective analysis of a UK early RA inception cohort was first undertaken to identify those components of the patient journey that differed by serological subtype. Data from a UK national audit of early inflammatory arthritis patients was accessed to replicate the key finding. Results. A total of 173 RA patients were diagnosed over a 31-month period, of whom 80 (46%) were ACPA/RF double-seropositive (ACPA+/RF+), 53 (31%) ACPA−/RF−, 17 (10%) ACPA+/RF− and 23 (13%) RF+/ACPA−. Overall, ACPA+/RF+ patients experienced significantly longer symptom duration before DMARD initiation. This was accounted for by delays in their presentation to primary care following symptom onset—a finding that was robustly confirmed in an independent dataset of 2192 UK early RA patients. In contrast, ACPA−/RF− patients were significantly more likely to experience delays in DMARD initiation after presenting to secondary care. Conclusion. Causes of treatment delays in early RA differ according to patients’ autoantibody status. More insidious symptom onset and/or distinct health-seeking behaviours among ACPA+/RF+ patients may contribute to late presentations in primary care, whereas ACPA−/RF− patients experience delayed diagnosis and treatment in secondary care. These observations inform the research agenda, potentially influencing the design of service delivery for early arthritis patients.
CSIRO at 2017 TREC Precision Medicine Track

We report on our participation as the CSIROmed 1 team in the TREC 2017 Precision Medicine track. We submitted ﬁve runs for the scientiﬁc abstracts collection (MEDLINE and Cancer Proceedings), and ﬁve runs for the clinical trials collection. We experimented with a number of query expansion and search result re-ranking techniques. We used citation and MeSH-based re-ranking methods, as well as re-ranking based on a merging algorithm proposed for federated search. Our results show that boosting the gene variant in the query increases the relevance of the retrieved results. One of our ﬁve runs for clinical trials task was ranked in top 10 runs out of 133 runs submitted for this task.
High-Temperature Performance of Asphalt Mortar Using Surface and Interface Theory

AbstractThrough contact angle test, the contact angles of mineral powder and asphalt were obtained; Using contact angle measurements, the surface energy parameters of the mineral powder and asphalt were calculated; Work of adhesion of the asphalt mortar with different mineral powder diameters and different mineral powder–bitumen ratios and was calculated according to surface and interface theory. The high temperature performance parameters of asphalt mortar were tested by means of the softening point and dynamic-shear-rheometer (DSR) test. The analysis results indicate that variations of the contact angles of asphalt with the changes of asphalt type is much less than that of the contact angle of mineral powder with the changes in the filler diameter. The contact angle of mineral powder increases when the diameter of mineral powder decreases and the surface tension increases. Using the same mineral powder bitumen ratio mortar, the work of adhesion decreases with decreasing filler diameter, but the specific.
An exact line integral representation of the magnetic physical optics scattered field

An exact line integral representation is derived for the magnetic physical optics field scattered by a perfectly electrically conducting planar plate illuminated by electric or magnetic Hertzian dipoles. The positions of source and observation points can be almost arbitrary. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the exactness of the line integral representation.
The Arabidopsis COP9 signalosome is essential for G2 phase progression and genomic stability

The COP9 signalosome (CSN) is required for the full activity of cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligases (CRLs) in eukaryotes. CSN exerts its function on CRLs by removing the ubiquitin-related NEDD8 conjugate from the cullin subunit of CRLs. CSN seems, thereby, to control CRL disassembly or CRL subunit stability. In Arabidopsis thaliana, loss of CSN function leads to constitutive photomorphogenic (cop) seedling development and a post-germination growth arrest. The underlying molecular cause of this growth arrest is currently unknown. Here, we show that Arabidopsis csn mutants are delayed in G2 phase progression. This cell cycle arrest correlates with the induction of the DNA damage response pathway and is suggestive of the activation of a DNA damage checkpoint. In support of this hypothesis, we detected gene conversion events in csn mutants that are indicative of DNA double-strand breaks. DNA damage is also apparent in mutants of the NEDD8 conjugation pathway and in mutants of the E3 ligase subunits CULLIN4, COP1 and DET1, which share phenotypes with csn mutants. In summary, our data suggest that Arabidopsis csn mutants undergo DNA damage, which might be the cause of the delay in G2 cell cycle progression.
In vivo compartmentalization of human immunodeficiency virus: evidence from the examination of pol sequences from autopsy tissues

High rates of mutation and replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) allow for the continuous generation of diverse genetic variants in vivo. Selective pressures within the microenvironments of different anatomic compartments result in the emergence of dominant quasispecies which can be distinguished by their envelope sequences. It is not known whether comparable tissue-specific selective pressures lead to the independent evolution of pol sequences within different tissue compartments, nor is it known how differing rates of virus turnover in tissues might affect the pace of such evolution. These issues are of importance for the formulation of a model for the emergence of drug resistance in vivo and for a general understanding of virus trafficking and virus turnover. Regions of the HIV type 1 reverse transcriptase (RT) which carry the majority of the known resistance codons to RT inhibitors (700 nucleotides from each clone) were cloned and sequenced directly from autopsied brain, spleen, and lymph node specimens from four subjects who had received zidovudine therapy. Clones from proviral DNA (143) and from viral cDNA (14) were analyzed. In three of four subjects, a discordance in distribution of resistance codons was noted. Moreover, brain-derived sequences appeared to be phylogenetically distinct from spleen- and lymph node-derived sequences even after exclusion of resistance codons from analysis. In each case, evidence for differential immune selective pressure, based on comparison of inferred amino acid sequences corresponding to known major histocompatibility complex class I cytotoxic T-lymphocyte epitopes, was found. These observations support the concept of anatomically distinct, independently evolving quasispecies (virodemes).
Bladder cancer among hairdressers: a meta-analysis

Background Occupational risks for bladder cancer in hairdressers by using hair products have been examined in many epidemiological studies. But owing to small sample sizes of the studies and the resulting lack of statistical power, the results of these studies have been inconsistent and significant associations have rarely been found. Methods We conducted a meta-analysis to determine summary risk ratios (SRRs) for the risk of bladder cancer among hairdressers. Studies were identified by a MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL search and by the reference lists of articles/relevant reviews. Statistical tests for publication bias and for heterogeneity as well as sensitivity analysis were applied. In addition, the study quality and the risk of bias were assessed using six criteria. Results 42 studies were included and statistically significantly increased risks around 1.3–1.7 were found for all but one analysis. The SRR increased with duration of employment from 1.30 (95% CI 1.15 to 1.48) for ‘ever registered as hairdresser’ to 1.70 (95% CI 1.01 to 2.88) for ‘job held ≥10 years’. No difference was found between the risk for smoking-adjusted data (SRR 1.35, 95% CI 1.13 to 1.61) and no adjustment (SRR 1.33, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.50). Studies assessed as being of high quality (n=11) and of moderate quality (n=31) showed similar SRRs. There was no evidence of publication bias or heterogeneity in all analyses. Conclusion In summary, our results showed an increased and statistically significant risk for bladder cancer among hairdressers, in particular for hairdressers in jobs held ≥10 years. Residual confounding by smoking cannot be totally ruled out. Because of the long latency times of bladder cancer it remains an open question whether hairdressers working prior to 1980 and after 1980, when some aromatic amines were banned as hair dye ingredients, have the same risk for bladder cancer.
Sentiment Analysis: How to Derive Prior Polarities from SentiWordNet

Assigning a positive or negative score to a word out of context (i.e. a word’s prior polarity) is a challenging task for sentiment analysis. In the literature, various approaches based on SentiWordNet have been proposed. In this paper, we compare the most often used techniques together with newly proposed ones and incorporate all of them in a learning framework to see whether blending them can further improve the estimation of prior polarity scores. Using two different versions of SentiWordNet and testing regression and classification models across tasks and datasets, our learning approach consistently outperforms the single metrics, providing a new state-ofthe-art approach in computing words’ prior polarity for sentiment analysis. We conclude our investigation showing interesting biases in calculated prior polarity scores when word Part of Speech and annotator gender are considered.
Neuropsychological prediction of conversion to Alzheimer disease in patients with mild cognitive impairment.

CONTEXT The likelihood of conversion to Alzheimer disease (AD) in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and the "optimal" early markers of conversion need to be established. OBJECTIVES To evaluate conversion rates to AD in subtypes of MCI and to identify neuropsychological measures most predictive of the time to conversion. DESIGN Patients were followed up semiannually and controls annually. Subtypes of MCI were determined by using demographically adjusted regression norms on neuropsychological tests. Survival analysis was used to identify the most predictive neuropsychological measures. SETTING Memory disorders clinic. PARTICIPANTS One hundred forty-eight patients reporting memory problems and 63 group-matched controls. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE A consensus diagnosis of probable AD. RESULTS At baseline, 108 patients met criteria for amnestic MCI: 87 had memory plus other cognitive domain deficits and 21 had pure memory deficits. The mean duration of follow-up for the 148 patients was 46.6 +/- 24.6 months. In 3 years, 32 (50.0%) of 64 amnestic-"plus" and 2 (10.0%) of 20 "pure" amnestic patients converted to AD (P = .001). In 148 patients, of 5 a priori predictors, the percent savings from immediate to delayed recall on the Selective Reminding Test and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised Digit Symbol Test were the strongest predictors of time to conversion. From the entire neuropsychological test battery, a stepwise selection procedure retained 2 measures in the final model: total immediate recall on the Selective Reminding Test (odds ratio per 1-point decrease, 1.10; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.14; P < .0001) and Digit Symbol Test coding (odds ratio, 1.06; 95% confidence interval, 1.01-1.11; P = .01). The combined predictive accuracy of these 2 measures for conversion by 3 years was 86%. CONCLUSIONS Mild cognitively impaired patients with memory plus other cognitive domain deficits, rather than those with pure amnestic MCI, constituted the high-risk group. Deficits in verbal memory and psychomotor speed/executive function abilities strongly predicted conversion to AD.
MIMO Cognitive Radio: A Game Theoretical Approach

The concept of cognitive radio (CR) has recently received great attention from the research community as a promising paradigm to achieve efficient use of the frequency resource by allowing the coexistence of licensed (primary) and unlicensed (secondary) users in the same bandwidth. In this paper we propose and analyze a totally decentralized approach, based on game theory, to design cognitive MIMO transceivers, who compete with each other to maximize their information rate. The formulation incorporates constraints on the transmit power as well as null and/or soft shaping constraints on the transmit covariance matrix, so that the interference generated by secondary users be confined within the temperature-interference limit required by the primary users. We provide a unified set of conditions that guarantee the uniqueness and global asymptotic stability of the Nash equilibrium of all the proposed games through totally distributed and asynchronous algorithms. Interestingly, the proposed algorithms overcome the main drawback of classical waterfilling based algorithms-the violation of the temperature-interference limit-and they have the desired features required for CR applications, such as low-complexity, distributed implementation, robustness against missing or outdated updates of the users, and fast convergence behavior.
Denoising by Sparse Approximation: Error Bounds Based on Rate-Distortion Theory

If a signal is known to have a sparse representation with respect to a frame, it can be estimated from a noise-corrupted observation by finding the best sparse approximation to. Removing noise in this manner depends on the frame efficiently representing the signal while it inefficiently represents the noise. The mean-squared error (MSE) of this denoising scheme and the probability that the estimate has the same sparsity pattern as the original signal are analyzed. First an MSE bound that depends on a new bound on approximating a Gaussian signal as a linear combination of elements of an overcomplete dictionary is given. Further analyses are for dictionaries generated randomly according to a spherically-symmetric distribution and signals expressible with single dictionary elements. Easily-computed approximations for the probability of selecting the correct dictionary element and the MSE are given. Asymptotic expressions reveal a critical input signal-to-noise ratio for signal recovery.
A New Orientation-Adaptive Interpolation Method

We propose an isophote-oriented, orientation-adaptive interpolation method. The proposed method employs an interpolation kernel that adapts to the local orientation of isophotes, and the pixel values are obtained through an oriented, bilinear interpolation. We show that, by doing so, the curvature of the interpolated isophotes is reduced, and, thus, zigzagging artifacts are largely suppressed. Analysis and experiments show that images interpolated using the proposed method are visually pleasing and almost artifact free
.1 Background: Real Business Cycle (rbc) Theory and Classical Monetary Models 1.2 the New Keynesian Model: Main Elements and Features 1.2.1 Evidence of Nominal Rigidities and Monetary Policy Non-neutrality

No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from the publisher, except for reading and browsing via the World Wide Web. Users are not permitted to mount this file on any network servers. 1 Introduction The present monograph seeks to provide the reader with an overview of modern monetary theory. Over the past decade, monetary economics has been among the most fruitful research areas within macroeconomics. The efforts of many researchers to understand the relationship between monetary policy, inflation, and the business cycle has led to the development of a framework—the so-called New Keynesian model—that is widely used for monetary policy analysis. The following chapters offer an introduction to that basic framework and a discussion of its policy implications. The need for a framework that can help us understand the links between mone­ tary policy and the aggregate performance of an economy seems self-evident. On the one hand, citizens of modern societies have good reason to care about devel­ opments in inflation, employment, and other economy-wide variables, for those developments affect to an important degree people's opportunities to maintain or improve their standard of living. On the other hand, monetary policy, as conducted by central banks, has an important role in shaping those macroeconomic devel­ opments, both at the national and supranational levels. Changes in interest rates have a direct effect on the valuation of financial assets and their expected returns, as well as on the consumption and investment decisions of households and firms. Those decisions can in turn have consequences for gross domestic product (GDP) growth, employment, and inflation. It is thus not surprising that the interest rate decisions made by the Federal Reserve system (Fed), the European Central Bank (ECB), or other prominent central banks around the world are given so much attention, not only by market analysts and the financial press, but also by the general public. It would thus seem important to understand how those interest rate decisions end up affecting the various measures of an economy's performance, both nominal and real. A key goal of monetary theory is to provide us with an account of the mechanisms through which those effects arise, i.e., the transmission mechanism of monetary policy. Central banks do not change interest rates in an arbitrary or whimsical man­ ner. Their …
Parametric time domain identification of a flexible robotic arm using evolutionary algorithms

In this paper the techniques of evolutionary system identification are implemented in the parametric, time domain identification of a flexible robotic arm. More specifically, the (μ+λ) Evolution Strategy (ES) is used for the estimation of both ARMA and ARMAX models, by means of Prediction-Error method (PEM), capable to describe system’s dynamics in the absence or existence of an input data set, respectively. The performance of (μ+λ)-ES within the framework of PEM is monitored throughout the estimation process and evaluated by the corresponding fitness to data of its resulted models and also by the ability to produce valid modal characteristics (natural frequencies, damping ratios). Key-Words: System Identification, Evolutionary Algorithms, Modal Analysis.
Frequency Dependence of Coercive Field in Soft Pb(Zr1−xTix)O3 (0.20 ≤ x ≤ 0.60) Bulk Ceramics

Frequency (f) dependence of coercive field (Ec) of six Pb(Zr1−xTix)O3 (0.20 ≤ x ≤ 0.60) bulk ceramics with different compositions was investigated at various frequencies (1–100 Hz). Scaling relations of Ec against f, Ec ∝ fβ, were obtained, where the value of exponent β varied with the ceramics composition. These exponents were far smaller than that of the theoretic prediction because the domain wall motion played a major role in the frequency region. In addition, the values of the exponents were of obvious discrepancy for different phase structures with tetragonal, rhombohedral, and morphotropic phases, but nearly similar for the same phase structure with different compositions, suggesting that different domain structures influence the scaling behaviors.