Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Somatostatin-Induced Regulation of SST2A Receptor Expression and Cell Surface Availability in Central Neurons: Role of Receptor Internalization

To investigate the effects of somatostatin (somatotropin release-inhibiting factor, SRIF) on the regulation of SST2A receptors in mammalian brain, we examined how blockade of SRIF release or stimulation by the SRIF analog [d-Trp8]-SRIF would affect the expression and cell surface availability of SST2A receptors in rat brain slices. First, we measured the intensity of SST2A immunoreactivity, using quantitative light microscopic immunocytochemistry, and levels of SST2A mRNA, using semiquantitative RT-PCR, under conditions of acute SRIF release blockade. Incubation of slices from the claustrum or basolateral amygdala, two regions previously shown to contain high concentrations of SST2A receptors, in Ca2+-free Ringer's for 40 min induced a decrease in the intensity of SST2A receptor immunoreactivity and concentration of SST2A mRNA as compared with control values obtained in Ca2+-supplemented Ringer's. These effects were counteracted in a dose-dependent manner by the addition of 10–100 nm [d-Trp8]-SRIF to the Ca2+-free medium. Furthermore, both of these effects were abolished in the presence of the endocytosis inhibitors phenylarsine oxide or hyperosmolar sucrose, suggesting that they were dependent on receptor internalization. Electron microscopic immunogold labeling confirmed the existence of an agonist-induced internalization of SST2A receptors in central neurons. At a high (10 μm), but not at a low (10 nm), concentration of agonist this internalization resulted in a significant decrease in cell surface receptor density, irrespective of the presence of Ca2+ in the medium. Taken together, these results suggest that ligand-induced endocytosis is responsible for rapid transcriptional (increase in SST2A expression) and trafficking (loss of cell surface receptors) events involved in the control of the somatostatinergic signal.
Right‐wing authoritarianism, social dominance orientation and personality: an analysis using the IPIP measure

Although both right‐wing authoritarianism (RWA) and social dominance orientation (SDO) have been found to predict racial and intergroup prejudice, previous research has suggested that RWA and SDO have quite distinct psychological features. We therefore examined the Big Five personality correlates of these two measures using facet scales from the International Personality Item Pool measure. Respondents were 220 university undergraduate volunteers. Significant sex differences were noted with respect to SDO and some facet scales. A series of analyses supported the view that RWA and SDO are aligned with different personality traits, while the discussion centred on the psychological profile of authoritarians and dominators. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Modeling of Surge in Free-Spool Centrifugal Compressors: Experimental Validation

The derivation of a compressor characteristic, and the experimental validation of a dynamic model for a variable speed centrifugal compressor using this characteristic, are presented. The dynamic compressor model of Fink et al. is used, and a variable speed compressor characteristic is derived by the use of energy transfer and loss analysis. It is demonstrated that taking into account the losses due to friction, incidence, mixing, and blade loading results in compressor characteristics that closely match the measured characteristics. The simulated response of the dynamic model was found to be in excellent agreement with the experimental results, both for set point changes using fuel flow and blow off and for surge oscillations. Analysis of the power spectrum of the in-surge rotational speed and pressure oscillations reveal that the simulated nonlinear oscillations match experimental values up to the third harmonic, both with respect to frequency and amplitude.
Elevated levels of RanBP7 mRNA in colorectal carcinoma are associated with increased proliferation and are similar to the transcription pattern of the proto-oncogene c-myc.

We have used suppression subtractive hybridisation, "in silico" cloning and reverse Northern dot blot analysis to identify significant up-regulation of RanBP7 transcription in a human colorectal carcinoma. Quantitative RT-PCR analyses using the Taqman system demonstrated that RanBP7 mRNA levels were elevated in 47/75 colorectal tumours. There was no significant difference in 17 matched normal and tumour pairs and reduced levels in 11. Since RanBP7 specifies a key member of nuclear transport receptors responsible for the nuclear import of histone H1 and ribosomal proteins, we investigated whether this up-regulation might be proliferation-associated. RanBP7 mRNA copy numbers were significantly correlated with those of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in both normal and cancer tissue. Interestingly, the transcription pattern of the proto-oncogene c-myc showed a similar correlation with PCNA mRNA. Our results highlight the need for the careful interpretation of quantitative data that compare mRNA levels in normal and cancer tissue.
Rethinking the Paradigm of Prejudice

In this article I seek to provoke discussion about the general framework within which psychologists have addressed social inequality and discrimination — the so-called ‘prejudice problematic’. I shall suggest that, far from being rooted in faulty cognitions about an outgroup, prejudice is a practice relating to ingroup authority and ingroup power. As a consequence, we need to redirect our analytic gaze from perceptions of the outgroup to the contestation of ingroup definitions. We also need to redirect our practical attention from changing the views of dominant group members to sustaining the collective actions of subordinate group members.
Rapid Formation and Flexible Expression of Memories of Subliminal Word Pairs

Our daily experiences are incidentally and rapidly encoded as episodic memories. Episodic memories consist of numerous associations (e.g., who gave what to whom where and when) that can be expressed flexibly in new situations. Key features of episodic memory are speed of encoding, its associative nature, and its representational flexibility. Another defining feature of human episodic memory has been consciousness of encoding/retrieval. Here, we show that humans can rapidly form associations between subliminal words and minutes later retrieve these associations even if retrieval words were conceptually related to, but different from encoding words. Because encoding words were presented subliminally, associative encoding, and retrieval were unconscious. Unconscious association formation and retrieval were dependent on a preceding understanding of task principles. We conclude that key computations underlying episodic memory – rapid encoding and flexible expression of associations – can operate outside consciousness.
Rotation velocities of white dwarfs determined from the Ca II K line

Department of Physics & Astronomy and Center for Astrobiology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1562, USAAbstract. We determine projected rotation velocities v sin i in DAZ white dwarfs, for the ﬁrst time using therotational broadening of the CaII K line. The results conﬁrm previous ﬁndings that white dwarfs are very slowrotators, and set even more stringent upper limits of typically less than 10 km/s. The few exceptions include 3stars known or suspected to be variable ZZ Ceti stars, where the line broadening is very likely not due to rotation.The results demonstrate that the angular momentum of the core cannot be preserved completely between mainsequence and ﬁnal stage.Key words. stars: white dwarfs – stars: rotation
On the Nature of Cognitive Style

Abstract This paper reviews the origins of the construct of cognitive style, its fundamental dimensions and their method of assessment. The evidence for the independence of the style dimensions from one another, from intelligence and from personality is presented. The relationship of style to observed behaviours, such as learning performance, learning preferences, subject preferences and social behaviour, is described. Physiological measures and their relationship to style are considered. The distinction between style, which is likely to be relatively fixed, and strategies which are capable of being learned and developed, is discussed. A ‘level’ model is then outlined with, at the primary level: experience, personality sources and gender. Styles operate at the next level of cognitive control. The outer output level comprises the learning strategies. Priorities for further research are outlined.
Bash on Ubuntu on macOS

Linux is a popular operating system (OS) as a production environment, while many developers prefer to use macOS for their daily development. One way to deal with this situation is running Linux in a virtual machine and the other is porting development environments from Linux to macOS. However, using a virtual machine has a resource sharing problem, and porting environments is costly and often incomplete. A promising approach to low-cost and seamless resource sharing is to develop a Linux compatibility layer for macOS. Unfortunately, existing methods of implementing OS compatibility layers lack robustness or flexibility. In this paper, we propose a new architecture of OS-compatibility layers. It allows user-space implementation of the core emulation layer in the host OS to improve robustness while maintaining the flexible and powerful emulation ability without heavily depending on the host OS kernel by exploiting virtualization technology. We implemented our approach and confirmed that Ubuntu's userland runs on macOS. Our experimental results show that our approach has reasonable performance for real world applications.
Do Expectancies Influence Choice of Help-Giver?

This study endeavors to test whether adolescents’ expectations of potential helpers’ nurturance and expertise are associated with adolescent selection of an informal helpgiver. A sample of 89 adolescents in Grades 8 and 11 responded to assessments of help seeking within four different scenarios. Regression analyses revealed that expectations of expertise are important in selecting a mother or father as a potential help giver, whereas expectations of nurturance are influential in choosing a friend as a help giver. Age was not found to modify the relationship between expectations and selection of a helper, and gender modified the relationship in only one scenario. Results are discussed in terms of adolescent help seeking as having a dual function, that of information seeking and relationship development.
Art Therapy and Brain Dysfunction in a Patient with a Dementing Illness.

AbstractThe clinical course of a patient whose dementing illness defied DSM III (APA, 1980) diagnostic labeling is followed. Through the patient's art therapy work, the author attempts to corroborate the patient's behavior and performance with clinical and medical tests. This information is then related to present-day knowledge of brain dysfunction and impairment and to the autopsy findings. Art therapy served a special role for the patient, providing him with self-esteem, grounding, and boundaries, as well as with an emotional outlet and means of communicating the realities of his disease. While his well-drawn houses somewhat disguise his impairments, his drawings of people clearly illustrate aspects of the organic disease—regression, depression, and psychotic ideation.
Variation in the functioning of autonomous self-pollination, pollinator services and floral traits in three Centaurium species.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Reproductive assurance through autonomous selfing is thought to be one of the main advantages of self-fertilization in plants. Floral mechanisms that ensure autonomous seed set are therefore more likely to occur in species that grow in habitats where pollination is scarce and/or unpredictable. METHODS Emasculation and pollen supplementation experiments were conducted under laboratory conditions to investigate the capacity for, and timing of autonomous selfing in three closely related Centaurium species (Centaurium erythraea, C. littorale and C. pulchellum). In addition, observations of flower visitors were combined with emasculation and pollen addition experiments in natural populations to investigate the degree of pollinator limitation and pollination failure and to assess the extent to which autonomous selfing conferred reproductive assurance. RESULTS All three species were capable of autonomous selfing, although this capacity differed significantly between species (index of autonomous selfing 0·55 ± 0·06, 0·68 ± 0·09 and 0·92 ± 0·03 for C. erythraea, C. littorale and C. pulchellum, respectively). The efficiency and timing of autogamous selfing was primarily associated with differences in the degree of herkogamy and dichogamy. The number of floral visitors showed significant interspecific differences, with 1·6 ± 0·6, 5·4 ± 0·6 and 14·5 ± 2·1 floral visitors within a 2 × 2 m(2) plot per 20-min observation period, for C. pulchellum, C. littorale and C. erythraea, respectively. Concomitantly, pollinator failure was highest in C. pulchellum and lowest in C. erythraea. Nonetheless, all three study species showed very low levels of pollen limitation (index of pollen limitation 0·14 ± 0·03, 0·11 ± 0·03 and 0·09 ± 0·02 for C. erythraea, C. littorale and C. pulchellum, respectively), indicating that autonomous selfing may guarantee reproductive assurance. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that limited availability of pollinators may select for floral traits and plant mating strategies that lead to a system of reproductive assurance via autonomous selfing.
A Climatology of Northern Hemisphere Blocking

In this paper a 55-yr (1948–2002) Northern Hemisphere blocking climatology is presented. Traditional blocking indices and methodologies are revised and a new blocking detection method is designed. This algorithm detects blocked flows and provides for a better characterization of blocking events with additional information on blocking parameters such as the location of the blocking center, the intensity, and extension. Additionally, a new tracking procedure has been incorporated following simultaneously the individual evolution of blocked flows and identifying coherently persistent blocked patterns. Using this method, the longest known Northern Hemisphere blocking climatology is obtained and compared with previous studies. A new regional classification into four independent blocking sectors has been obtained based on the seasonally preferred regions of blocking formation: Atlantic (ATL), European (EUR), West Pacific (WPA), and East Pacific (EPA). Global and regional blocking characteristics have been described, examining their variability from the seasonal to interdecadal scales. The global long-term blocking series in the North Hemisphere showed a significant trend toward weaker and less persistent events, as well as regional increases (decreases) in blocking frequency over the WPA (ATL and EUR) sector. The influence of teleconnection patterns (TCPs) on blocking parameters is also explored, being confined essentially to wintertime, except in the WPA sector. Additionally, regional blocking parameters, especially frequency and duration, are sensitive to regional TCPs, supporting the regional classification obtained in this paper. The ENSO-related blocking variability is evident in blocking intensities and preferred locations but not in frequency. Finally, the dynamical connection between blocking occurrence and regional TCPs is examined through the conceptual model proposed by Charney and DeVore. Observational evidence of a dynamical link between the asymmetrical temperature distributions induced by TCPs and blocking variability is provided with a distinctive contrast “warm ocean/cold land” pattern favoring the blocking occurrence in winter. However, the conceptual model is not coherent in the WPA sector, suggesting different blocking mechanisms operating in this sector.
Getting it right in the mix: Teaching social work practice skills inclusively to diverse student groups

Social work has traditionally attracted a diverse mix of students with varying levels of academic preparedness and practice skill experience. Current trends in higher education indicate the possibility of further challenges for academic staff in social work as universities seek to both widen participation from university graduates and, at the same time, prioritise practice and academic excellence among students. Drawing on reflective journal entries by the author, this paper examines the challenges that social work academics might face in teaching social work practice skills effectively to the increasingly diverse student cohorts enrolled across Bachelor and Masters of Social Work (Qualifying) degrees. The reflective process adopted in this study explores the gaps between the author’s intentions and the reality of the classroom experience. Key observations included language barriers impeding engagement with the material and cultural differences in relating to others and conceptualising practice. These problems were apparent in both the process of delivery (pedagogy) and content (curriculum). The reflective process highlighted the need for further research in order to optimally respond to the diversity in social work education.
Marriage and Health in the Transition to Adulthood: Evidence for African Americans in the Add Health Study

This article explores the relationships among early marriage (before age 26 years), cohabitation, and health for African Americans and Whites during the transition to adulthood using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health). The study examines three categories of health outcomes relevant to young adulthood: physical health, mental health, and health risk behaviors. Lagged dependent variable models are used to examine the health effects of early marriage and cohabitation accounting for potential health selection into unions. The results indicate that early marriage by young adults does not have protective effects for African Americans; the authors also find more negative effects for African American men than for women. There are mixed results for Whites with some protective effects of marriage for binge drinking. Early marriage for African Americans and Whites is associated with increased body mass index. Cohabitation is uniformly associated with negative health outcomes for all racial and gender groups.
USENIX Association Proceedings of HotOS IX : The 9 th Workshop on Hot Topics in Operating Systems

Cerium is a trusted computing architecture that protects a program’s execution from being tampered while the program is running. Cerium uses a physically tamperresistant CPU and a μ-kernel to protect programs from each other and from hardware attacks. The μ-kernel partitions programs into separate address spaces, and the CPU applies memory protection to ensure that programs can only use their own data; the CPU traps to the μ-kernel when loading or evicting a cache line, and the μ-kernel cryptographically authenticates and copyprotects each program’s instructions and data when they are stored in the untrusted off-chip DRAM. The Cerium CPU signs certificates that securely identify the CPU and its manufacturer, the BIOS and boot loader, the μ-kernel, the running program, and any data the program wants signed. These certificates tell a user what program executed and what hardware and software environment surrounded the program, which are key facts in deciding whether to trust a program’s output.
Employer Attitudes and Satisfaction with Supported Employment

The attitudes of employers toward workers with severe mental and physical disabilities and supported employment programs were examined through structured interviews with 47 employers who had hired or supervised workers participating in supported employment programs in Tennessee. Results indicated that employers generally hold favorable attitudes regarding the employment potential of workers with disabilities and the quality of services provided through supported employment programs. The physical presence of employment specialists at the job site was viewed by employers as a strength of the supported employment program. However, some employers indicated that few opportunities exist for career advancement within their businesses for the supported employment participants. Finally, employers identified a number of strategies that could be used to market supported employment services to other businesses in their local communities.
Hypermature Cataract in a Crested Mynah, Leucopsar rothschildi

Received for publication 26 July 1982. and Parsons, 1977, The Vertebrate Body, W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 624 pp.). These mummies are 3 mo in development as evidenced by the presence of placentas (Wrass, 1973, Pac. Sci. 27: 305-318). The total counts of vertebrae for the mummified fetuses ranged from 150-157 (i = 153.5). The counts for the normal fetuses ranged from 176-178 (1 = 177.0). The mummified precaudal vertebrae ranged from 76-79 (1 = 72.2) whereas the normal fetuses’ precaudal vertebrae ranged from 80-82 (1 = 81.0). Based on our observations of total and precaudal vertebral counts, it appears that the development of these fetuses prior to mummification was abnormal. It is difficult to interpret these findings in terms of maternal physiology since only one specimen was collected and all of our observations are postmortem. Mummification in other vertebrates has been attributed to genetic factors, specifically a lethal gene (Loje, 1930, Tidskr. Landokonomi 10: 517-549; Hertigand Sheldon, 1943, Ann. Sung. 117: 596-606; Gilmore, 1952, Dairy Cattle Breeding, J. B. Lippincott, New York, 604 pp.; Asdell, 1955, Cattle Fertility and Sterility, Little, Brown Co., Boston, Massachusetts, 277 pp.; Roberts, 1971, Veterinary Obstetrics and Genital Diseases, Edwards Bros., Ithaca, New York, 776 pp.; Lauritsen, 1976, Acta Obstet. Gynecol. Scand. 54: 261-264), but this may not be the case (Deaton et ab., 1959, J. Dairy Sci. 43: 312; Davidson and Roberts, 1961, Cornell Vet. 51: 34-46; Novak and Woodruff, 1979, Novak’s Gynecobogic and Obstetric Pathology, 8th Ed., Philadelphia, W. B. Saunders Co., 795 pp.). Environment factors, more specifically the uterine environment, should be considered at the time of early and bate fetal death, premature birth, and anatomical malformations (Erb and Morrison, 1957, J. Dairy Sci. 40: 1030-1035; Roberts, 1962, J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 40: 691-698; Novak and Woodruff, 1979, op. cit.). We would bike to thank B. Fink at the Harvard Museum of Comparative Zoology for the loan of the two normal shark specimens, J. Zentz and D. Steele at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution and A. Houston and S. Allen at Tuskegee Institute for technical assistance, A. Caldwell at Auburn University School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Radiology for taking the radiographs and G. D’Audrea at the Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratories for reviewing the mauscnipt.
Organizational Culture Mediates the Relationship Between Transformational Leadership and Work Outcomes

The objectives of this study were to examine the mediating effect of group and developmental organizational culture types on the relationship between transformational leadership and three outcome variables—affective organizational commitment, turnover intentions, and job search behaviors. Senior administrators (n = 188) working in NCAA Division I intercollegiate athletic departments completed a survey assessing perceptions of leadership behavior of their athletic directors, the culture of their athletic departments, and their affective organizational commitment, turnover intentions, and job search behaviors. Results indicate that group culture partially mediates the relationship between transformational leadership and affective organizational commitment, and fully mediates turnover intentions and job search behaviors. Developmental culture partially mediates affective organizational commitment but has no influence on turnover intentions and job search behaviors. Findings contribute to the understanding of.