Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Memristive Diode Bridge-Based Canonical Chua's Circuit

A novel memristor circuit is presented, which is generated from the canonical Chua’s circuit by replacing the Chua’s diode with a first order memristive diode bridge. The circuit dynamical characteristics with the variations of circuit parameters are investigated both theoretically and numerically. It can be found that the circuit has three determined equilibrium points, including a zero saddle point and two nonzero saddle-foci with index 2. Specially, the circuit is non-dissipative in the neighborhood of the zero saddle point, and there exists complex nonlinear phenomena of coexisting bifurcation modes and coexisting chaotic attractors. Experimental observations are performed to verify the numerical simulation results.
A semiparametric test to detect associations between quantitative traits and candidate genes in structured populations

MOTIVATION Although population-based association mapping may be subject to the bias caused by population stratification, alternative methods that are robust to population stratification such as family-based linkage analysis have lower mapping resolution. Recently, various statistical methods robust to population stratification were proposed for association studies, using unrelated individuals to identify associations between candidate genes and traits of interest. The association between a candidate gene and a quantitative trait is often evaluated via a regression model with inferred population structure variables as covariates, where the residual distribution is customarily assumed to be from a symmetric and unimodal parametric family, such as a Gaussian, although this may be inappropriate for the analysis of many real-life datasets. RESULTS In this article, we proposed a new structured association (SA) test. Our method corrects for continuous population stratification by first deriving population structure and kinship matrices through a set of random genetic markers and then modeling the relationship between trait values, genotypic scores at a candidate marker and genetic background variables through a semiparametric model, where the error distribution is modeled as a mixture of Polya trees centered around a normal family of distributions. We compared our model to the existing SA tests in terms of model fit, type I error rate, power, precision and accuracy by application to a real dataset as well as simulated datasets.
Constituent Moments: Enacting the People in Postrevolutionary America

Since the American Revolution, there has been broad cultural consensus that “the people” are the only legitimate ground of public authority in the United States. For just as long, there has been disagreement over who the people are and how they should be represented or institutionally embodied. In Constituent Moments , Jason Frank explores this dilemma of authorization: the grounding of democratic legitimacy in an elusive notion of the people. Frank argues that the people are not a coherent or sanctioned collective. Instead, the people exist as an effect of successful claims to speak on their behalf; the power to speak in their name can be vindicated only retrospectively. The people, and democratic politics more broadly, emerge from the dynamic tension between popular politics and representation. They spring from what Frank calls “constituent moments,” moments when claims to speak in the people’s name are politically felicitous, even though those making such claims break from established rules and procedures for representing popular voice. Elaborating his theory of constituent moments, Frank focuses on specific historical instances when under-authorized individuals or associations seized the mantle of authority, and, by doing so, changed the inherited rules of authorization and produced new spaces and conditions for political representation. He looks at crowd actions such as parades, riots, and protests; the Democratic-Republican Societies of the 1790s; and the writings of Walt Whitman and Frederick Douglass. Frank demonstrates that the revolutionary establishment of the people is not a solitary event, but rather a series of micropolitical enactments, small dramas of self-authorization that take place in the informal contexts of crowd actions, political oratory, and literature as well as in the more formal settings of constitutional conventions and political associations.
Emerging Technology-Based Design of Primitives for Hardware Security

Hardware security concerns such as intellectual property (IP) piracy and hardware Trojans have triggered research into circuit protection and malicious logic detection from various design perspectives. In this article, emerging technologies are investigated by leveraging their unique properties for applications in the hardware security domain. Security, for the first time, will be treated as one design metric for emerging nano-architecture. Five example circuit structures including camouflaging gates, polymorphic gates, current/voltage-based circuit protectors, and current-based XOR logic are designed to show the high efficiency of silicon nanowire FETs and graphene SymFET in applications such as circuit protection and IP piracy prevention. Simulation results indicate that highly efficient and secure circuit structures can be achieved via the use of non-CMOS devices.
Cooperative Operation of Superconducting Fault-Current-Limiting Cable and SMES System for Grounding Fault Protection in a LVDC Network

This paper investigates grounding fault protection characteristics in a novel low-voltage direct-current power transmission, distribution, and utilization network integrated with multiple fault-current-limiting (FCL) superconducting cables (SCs) and multiple superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) devices. The effectively integrated system is highlighted with a self-acting fault current limitation feature of the FCL SC and a fast-response grid voltage protection feature of the SMES. The simulation results show that the cooperative operations of the FCL SC and the SMES are favorable for achieving advanced fault current limitation, fault-ride-through capability enhancement and critical load protection during a grounding fault.
Towards printed millimeter-wave components: Material characterization

This paper presents the results from evaluation of suitable materials and ink properties for printing millimeter wave components. Dielectric parameters (relative permittivity and loss tangent) of various potential substrate materials are extracted from S-parameter measurements and simulations. Test samples have been printed over Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) and Polyethylene Naphthalate (PEN) substrates and the measurement of the ink properties have been carried out.
The Contextual Effect of Village on Early Marriage in Wonogiri, Central Java

Background: In spite of international agreements and national laws, the marriage of girls <18 years of age is common worldwide and affects millions. Child marriage is a human rights violation as it prevents girls from obtaining an education, enjoying optimal health, bonding with others their own age, maturing, and ultimately choosing their own life partners. Child marriage is driven by poverty. Therefore, village level of prosperity may have a contextual effect on child marriage. The purpose of this study was to examine the contextual effect of the village on early marriage in Wonogiri, Central Java. Subjects and Method: A case-control study was conducted at 25 villages in Wonogiri, East Java, in December 2018. A sample of 225 women was selected by fixed disease sampling. The dependent variable was an early marriage. The independent variables were the intention, attitude, perceived behavior control, paternal education, maternal education, and information exposure. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by multilevel analysis. Results: The risk of early marriage increased with exposure to negative information (b= 0.97; 95% CI= 0.20 to 1.72; p<0.012), negative attitude (b= 1.67; 95% CI= 1.00 to 2.67; p<0.001), and strong intention (b= 1.86; 95% CI= 1.03 to 2.70; p<0.001). The risk of early marriage decreased with high paternal education (b= -0.81; 95% CI= -1.57 to -2.14; p= 0.009), high maternal education (b= -0.65; 95% CI= -1.37 to 0.85; p= 0.083), strong perceived behavior control (b= -1.77; 95% CI= -1.77 to -0.20; p= 0.013). Village had contextual effect on early marriage with ICC= 15%. Conclusion: The risk of early marriage increases with high exposure to information, negative attitude, and strong intention. The risk of early marriage increases with high paternal education high maternal education, strong perceived behavior control. The village has a contextual effect on early marriage. Keywords: intention, early marriage, parental education, information exposure Correspondence: Mirna Prawita. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami 36 A, Surakarta 57126, Central Java, Indonesia. Email: mirna.prawita2013@gmail.com. Mobile: 085­642331691. Journal of Maternal and Child Health (2019), 4(5): 317-325 https://doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2019. 04.05. 03
The impact of duration on effectiveness of exercise, the implication for periodization of training and goal setting for individuals who are overfat, a meta-analysis

Given the assumption that all methods of exercise, e.g., endurance (ET), resistance (RT), or combination of both (E+R), can induce a beneficial effect size (ES) for changes in body composition and health status of individuals who are overfat. Thus the aim and purpose of this study is to evaluate the current body of knowledge to address the question as to the impact that the duration of exercise has on its relative effectiveness for inducing health and body compositional changes in individuals who are overfat to assist with developing periodized exercise protocols and establishing short and long term goals. A tiered meta-analysis of 92-studies and 200-exercise groupings were used for establishing pooled ES within and between groupings based on the increments of 4-week of duration and study designs of ≤8, 9-16, 17-23, 24-36, and ≥36 weeks. Analysis based on random-effect of response indicates a continuum of effectiveness within and between ET, RT and E+R based on duration. Where beneficial effectiveness is not indicated for any measures until after 8-weeks of continuous training with progressive effectiveness being noted in changes to cardiorespiratory fitness, inflammatory cytokines, and alteration of metabolic status from 12-weeks through 32-weeks of continuous training. Results indicate a greater ES for RT and E+R versus ET early in intervention that equalizes with longer durations. Supporting the use of RT and E+R within a periodized program. And secondarily, goals should be established first on performance gains and second body composition or health status modifications for the individual who is overfat.
Differentiation-Associated Genes Regulated by c-Jun and Decreased in the Progression of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Transcription factor c-Jun plays a key role in controlling epithelium cell proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation. However, molecular mechanism and biological functions of c-Jun in squamous differentiation and the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remain elusive. In this study, we found that c-Jun bound directly to the promoter region, and activated the transcription of differentiation-associated genes including cystatin A, involucrin and SPRR3 in vivo. Ectopic expression of c-Jun enhanced SPRR3 transactivation in KYSE450 cells. Conversely, TAM67, a dominant negative mutant of c-Jun, inhibited SPRR3 transactivation. c-Jun increased expression of SPPR3 mainly via a PKC/JNK pathway in response to TPA in KYSE450 cells. Furthermore, c-Jun was remarkably reduced in esophageal cancer. Interestingly, cystatin A, involucrin and SPRR3 were significantly downregulated as well, and associated with differentiation grade. Expression of c-Jun was correlated with the expression of these genes in normal epithelium and ESCC. Importantly, the expression of these genes was remarkably decreased during the malignant transformation from normal epithelium to low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) or high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN). The expression of cystatin A and involucrin was significantly reduced from LGIN to HGIN. These results suggest c-Jun was involved in the regulation of differentiation-associated genes in ESCC. These genes might serve as the potential markers in distinguishing normal epithelium from esophageal squamous intraepithelial neoplasia.
Involvement of 5-HT1A Receptors in the Anxiolytic-Like Effects of Quercitrin and Evidence of the Involvement of the Monoaminergic System

Quercitrin is a well-known flavonoid that is contained in Flos Albiziae, which has been used for the treatment of anxiety. The present study investigated the anxiolytic-like effects of quercitrin in experimental models of anxiety. Compared with the control group, repeated treatment with quercitrin (5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg/day, p.o.) for seven days significantly increased the percentage of entries into and time spent on the open arms of the elevated plus maze. In the light/dark box test, quercitrin exerted an anxiolytic-like effect at 5 and 10 mg/kg. In the marble-burying test, quercitrin (5.0 and 10.0 mg/kg) also exerted an anxiolytic-like effect. Furthermore, quercitrin did not affect spontaneous locomotor activity. The anxiolytic-like effects of quercitrin in the elevated plus maze and light/dark box test were blocked by the serotonin-1A (5-hydroxytryptamine-1A (5-HT1A)) receptor antagonist WAY-100635 (3.0 mg/kg, i.p.) but not by the γ-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptor antagonist flumazenil (0.5 mg/kg, i.p.). The levels of brain monoamines (5-HT and dopamine) and their metabolites (5-hydroxy-3-indoleacetic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, and homovanillic acid) were decreased after quercitrin treatment. These data suggest that the anxiolytic-like effects of quercitrin might be mediated by 5-HT1A receptors but not by benzodiazepine site of GABAA receptors. The results of the neurochemical studies suggest that these effects are mediated by modulation of the levels of monoamine neurotransmitters.
GenomeHistory: a software tool and its application to fully sequenced genomes.

We present a publicly available software tool (http://www.unm.edu/~compbio/software/GenomeHistory) that identifies all pairs of duplicate genes in a genome and then determines the degree of synonymous and non-synonymous divergence between each duplicate pair. Using this tool, we analyze the relations between (i) gene function and the propensity of a gene to duplicate and (ii) the number of genes in a gene family and the family's rate of sequence evolution. We do so for the complete genomes of four eukaryotes (fission and budding yeast, fruit fly and nematode) and one prokaryote (Escherichia coli). For some classes of genes we observe a strong relationship between gene function and a gene's propensity to undergo duplication. Most notably, ribosomal genes and transcription factors appear less likely to undergo gene duplication than other genes. In both fission and budding yeast, we see a strong positive correlation between the selective constraint on a gene and the size of the gene family of which this gene is a member. In contrast, a weakly negative such correlation is seen in multicellular eukaryotes.
Sometimes Sperm Whales (Physeter macrocephalus) Cannot Find Their Way Back to the High Seas: A Multidisciplinary Study on a Mass Stranding

Background Mass strandings of sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) remain peculiar and rather unexplained events, which rarely occur in the Mediterranean Sea. Solar cycles and related changes in the geomagnetic field, variations in water temperature and weather conditions, coast geographical features and human activities have been proposed as possible causes. In December 2009, a pod of seven male sperm whales stranded along the Adriatic coast of Southern Italy. This is the sixth instance from 1555 in this basin. Methodology/Principal Findings Complete necropsies were performed on three whales whose bodies were in good condition, carrying out on sampled tissues histopathology, virology, bacteriology, parasitology, and screening of veins looking for gas emboli. Furthermore, samples for age determination, genetic studies, gastric content evaluation, stable isotopes and toxicology were taken from all the seven specimens. The animals were part of the same group and determined by genetic and photo-identification to be part of the Mediterranean population. Causes of death did not include biological agents, or the “gas and fat embolic syndrome”, associated with direct sonar exposure. Environmental pollutant tissue concentrations were relatively high, in particular organochlorinated xenobiotics. Gastric content and morphologic tissue examinations showed a prolonged starvation, which likely caused, at its turn, the mobilization of lipophilic contaminants from the adipose tissue. Chemical compounds subsequently entered the blood circulation and may have impaired immune and nervous functions. Conclusions/Significance A multi-factorial cause underlying this sperm whales' mass stranding is proposed herein based upon the results of postmortem investigations as well as of the detailed analyses of the geographical and historical background. The seven sperm whales took the same “wrong way” into the Adriatic Sea, a potentially dangerous trap for Mediterranean sperm whales. Seismic surveys should be also regarded as potential co-factors, even if no evidence of direct impact has been detected.
Vowel classification using wavelet decomposition during speech imagery

Electroencephalography (EEG) has long been used for Brain computer interface (BCI). Recent researches have proved that EEG can be also used to classify data generated in speech imagery. This classification can further be utilized to develop speech prosthesis and synthetic telepathy systems. In this paper we wanted to check whether features extracted from beta, delta and theta rhythms of EEG can be used to classify the imagined English vowel sounds. A new approach is used to differentiate among the three classes of vowel sound /a/, /u/ and `rest or no action' in pair-wise as well as `combination of two sounds (tasks)' manner. Wavelet decomposition is performed to extract features in the 0-8 Hz and 16-32 Hz range. Energy sum and energy's waveform length of the approximate and detail coefficients are used as features. The algorithm is tested on 3 subjects and results showed that indeed the data from EEG rhythms can be used for classification. The pair-wise classification accuracy was found to be 65-82.5% which is a considerable improvement over the previous classification accuracies in the range of 56-82%, reported by DaSalla [4]. The `combination of tasks' classification accuracy was found to be 81.25-98.75%.
Working memory representation in atypical language dominance

One of the most important factors controlling material specific processing in the human brain is language dominance, i.e. hemispheric specialization in semantic processes. Although previous studies have shown that lateralized long‐term memory processes in the medial temporal lobes are modified in subjects with atypical (right) language dominance, the effect of language dominance on the neural basis of working memory (WM) has remained unknown. Here, we used functional MRI (fMRI) to study the impact of language dominance on the neural representation of WM. We conducted an n‐back task in three different load conditions and with both verbal and nonverbal (spatial) material in matched groups of left and right language dominant subjects. This approach allowed us to investigate regions showing significant interactions between language dominance and material. Overall, right dominant subjects showed an increased inter‐individual variability of WM‐related activations. Verbal WM involved more pronounced activation of the left fusiform cortex in left dominant subjects and of the right inferior parietal lobule in the right dominant group. Spatial WM, on the other hand, induced activation of right hemispheric regions in left dominant subjects, but no specific activations in right dominant subjects. Taken together, these findings indicate that the neural basis of verbal WM processes depends on language dominance and is more mutable in right dominant subjects. The increased variability in right dominant subjects strongly suggests that a standard network of material‐dependent WM processes exists in left dominant subjects, and that right dominant subjects use variable alternative networks. Hum Brain Mapp, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Endogenous Mouse Mammary Tumor Viruses (Mtv): New Roles for an Old Virus in Cancer, Infection, and Immunity

Mouse Mammary Tumor Viruses are beta-retroviruses that exist in both exogenous (MMTV) and endogenous (Mtv) forms. Exogenous MMTV is transmitted via the milk of lactating animals and is capable of inducing mammary gland tumors later in life. MMTV has provided a number of critical models for studying both viral infection as well as human breast cancer. In addition to the horizontally transmitted MMTV, most inbred mouse strains contain permanently integrated Mtv proviruses within their genome that are remnants of MMTV infection and vertically transmitted. Historically, Mtv have been appreciated for their role in shaping the T cell repertoire during thymic development via negative selection. In addition, more recent work has demonstrated a larger role for Mtv in modulating host immune responses due to its peripheral expression. The influence of Mtv on host response has been observed during experimental murine models of Polyomavirus- and ESb-induced lymphoma as well as Leishmania major and Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Decreased susceptibility to bacterial pathogens and virus-induced tumors has been observed among mice lacking all Mtv. We have also demonstrated a role for Mtv Sag in the expansion of regulatory T cells following chronic viral infection. The aim of this review is to summarize the latest research in the field regarding peripheral expression of Mtv with a particular focus on their role and influence on the immune system, infectious disease outcome, and potential involvement in tumor formation.
Indirect effects of invasive species removal devastate World Heritage Island

Summary 1. Owing to the detrimental impacts of invasive alien species, their control is often a priority for conservation management. Whereas the potential for unforeseen consequences of management is recognized, their associated complexity and costs are less widely appreciated. 2. We demonstrate that theoretically plausible trophic cascades associated with invasive species removal not only take place in reality, but can also result in rapid and drastic landscape-wide changes to ecosystems. 3. Using a combination of population data from of an invasive herbivore, plot-scale vegetation analyses, and satellite imagery, we show how a management intervention to eradicate a mesopredator has inadvertently and rapidly precipitated landscape-wide change on sub-Antarctic Macquarie Island. This happened despite the eradication being positioned within an integrated pest management framework. Following eradication of cats Felis catus in 2001, rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus numbers increased substantially although a control action was in place ( Myxoma virus), resulting in island-wide ecosystem effects. 4. Synthesis and applications . Our results highlight an important lesson for conservation agencies working to eradicate invasive species globally; that is, risk assessment of management interventions must explicitly consider and plan for their indirect effects, or face substantial subsequent costs. On Macquarie Island, the cost of further conservation action will exceed AU$24 million.