Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PTSD, Neuroimaging and Psychotherapy: A Fruitful Encounter

Most of us have dealt with a traumatic event of some kind such as loss, accident, or illness, or will be dealing with one at some point in our lives. Psychological trauma is closely related to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), involving three sets of symptoms: (i) reliving trauma (traumatic memories, nightmares, intrusive thoughts); (ii) emotional avoidance/numbness (affective distance, emotional anaesthesia); and (iii) increased arousal (irritability, insomnia and hypervigilance) (American Psychiatric Association, 1994). Lifetime prevalence of PTSD-triggering traumatic events may be as much as 50–90%, and actual prevalence in the general population is about 8% (Kessler et al., 1995; Vieweg et al., 2006), while partial PTSD (pPTSD) in an at-risk groups have been estimated at approximately 30% (Weiss et al., 1992). After noting that individuals who do not meet the full set of diagnostic criteria for PTSD may suffer from clinically significant symptoms of PTSD (Weiss et al., 1992), the concept of pPTSD or subthreshold PTSD was introduced to describe subsyndromal forms of PTSD (Blanchard et al., 1995; Stein et al. 1997). Thus, exposure to traumatic stressors and psychological trauma is widespread, with a wide range of cognitive and behavioral responses/outcomes among trauma survivors (Peres et al., 2009; 2011). One of the main psychological sequelae of traumatic experiences is conditioning of specific fears. In addition to PTSD, traumatic events can significantly influence major depression, somatoform disorders, panic and anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorders, phobic disorders, and substance abuse (Peres et al., 2009). Although traumatic events are associated with PTSD in the literature, traumatized people do not meet DSM-IV (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th Edition) criteria for PTSD in many cases and often present a range of psychoform or somatoform symptoms. Considerable overlap in symptoms and disease comorbidity has been noted for medically unexplained symptoms in the primary care setting, such as chronic fatigue syndrome, low back pain, irritable bowel syndrome, primary headaches, fibromyalgia, temporomandibular joint disorder, major depression, panic attacks, and PTSD (Peres et al., 2009). Epidemiologic surveys increasingly point to a relation between exposure to traumatic events and more health care utilization, adverse health outcomes, onset of specific diseases, and premature death (Corrigan et al., 2005; Keane et al., 2006). Certain characteristics of traumas, particularly peritraumatic cognitive response and related cognitions, appear to heighten the risk for PTSD (Peres et al.,
Theoretical Modeling of Starburst Galaxies

We have modeled a large sample of infrared starburst galaxies using both the PEGASE v2.0 and STARBURST99 codes to generate the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the young star clusters. PEGASE utilizes the Padova group tracks, while STARBURST99 uses the Geneva group tracks, allowing comparison between the two. We used our MAPPINGS III code to compute photoionization models that include a self-consistent treatment of dust physics and chemical depletion. We use the standard optical diagnostic diagrams as indicators of the hardness of the EUV radiation field in these galaxies. These diagnostic diagrams are most sensitive to the spectral index of the ionizing radiation field in the 1-4 ryd region. We find that warm infrared starburst galaxies contain a relatively hard EUV field in this region. The PEGASE ionizing stellar continuum is harder in the 1-4 ryd range than that of STARBURST99. As the spectrum in this regime is dominated by emission from Wolf-Rayet (W-R) stars, this discrepancy is most likely due to the differences in stellar atmosphere models used for the W-R stars. The PEGASE models use the Clegg & Middlemass planetary nebula nuclei (PNN) atmosphere models for the W-R stars, whereas the STARBURST99 models use the Schmutz, Leitherer, & Gruenwald W-R atmosphere models. We believe that the Schmutz et al. atmospheres are more applicable to the starburst galaxies in our sample; however, they do not produce the hard EUV field in the 1-4 ryd region required by our observations. The inclusion of continuum metal blanketing in the models may be one solution. Supernova remnant (SNR) shock modeling shows that the contribution by mechanical energy from SNRs to the photoionization models is ≪20%. The models presented here are used to derive a new theoretical classification scheme for starbursts and active galactic nucleus (AGN) galaxies based on the optical diagnostic diagrams.
Implicit leadership theory among Malaysian managers: Impact of the leadership expectation gap on leader‐member exchange quality

Purpose – This paper aims to examine implicit leadership theory (ILT) among Malaysian managers and the impact of the gap between the ILT and actual leader behavior on leader‐member exchange (LMX) quality.Design/methodology/approach – A survey of 137 Malaysian managers working under the supervision of Malaysian and Japanese superiors in five Japanese multi‐national corporations (MNCs) in Malaysia was conducted to test the hypotheses of this study.Findings – The results reveal that there is a distinct Malaysian ILT. It also found that there are differences in the ILT of different ethnic groups in Malaysia. Contrary to expectations, there is no significant difference in the leadership expectation gap among managers reporting to superiors from the same background compared to superiors from a different nationality and ethnic background. Duration of managers' relationship with their superior have a moderating effect on the relationship between leadership expectation gap and LMX quality.Practical implications – .
Genetically Engineered Erwinia carotovora in Aquatic Microcosms: Survival and Effects on Functional Groups of Indigenous Bacteria

The survival of genetically engineered Erwinia carotovora L-864, with a kanamycin resistance gene inserted in its chromosome, was monitored in the water and sediment of aquatic microcosms. The density of genetically engineered and wild-type E. carotovora strains declined at the same rate, falling in 32 days below the level of detection by viable counts. We examined the impact of the addition of genetically engineered and wild-type strains on indigenous bacteria belonging to specific functional groups important in nutrient cycling. For up to 16 days, the densities of total and proteolytic bacteria were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in microcosms inoculated with genetically engineered or wild-type E. carotovora, but by 32 days after inoculation, they had decreased to densities similar to those in control microcosms. Inoculation of genetically engineered or wild-type E. carotovora had no apparent effect on the density of amylolytic and pectolytic bacteria in water and sediment. Genetically engineered and wild-type E. carotovora did not have significantly different effects on the densities of specific functional groups of indigenous bacteria (P > 0.05).
Emotional Intelligence in Leadership

This term refers to the application of findings from Neuroscience to the field of Leadership. It was first coined by David Rock, a leadership consultant, in the US publication Strategy+Business in 2006 (Lafferty & Alford 2010). Neuroleadership is the study of leadership through the lens of neuroscience and explores central elements of leadership, including: (a) self-awareness (b) awareness of others, (c) insight, (d) decision making, and (e) influencing.
The Relationship between Andragogical and Pedagogical Orientations and the Implications for Adult Learning

Current literature suggests that the relationship between andragogy and pedagogy is based on a continuum. This study found that the relationship of andragogical and pedagogical orientations, measured by the Student's Orientation Questionnaire, is more correctly represented as being oithogonalorat right angles to each other. Such an orthogonal relationship reflects the complexities involved in adult learning. The paper discusses implications for both the learning process and for future research.
An Activity-based Approach to the Learning and Teaching of Research Methods: Measuring Student Engagement and Learning

This paper discusses a research project carried out with 82 final and third year undergraduate students, learning Research Methods prior to undertaking an undergraduate thesis during the academic years 2010 and 2011. The research had two separate, linked objectives, (a) to develop a Research Methods module that embraces an activity-based approach to learning in a group environment, (b) to improve engagement by all students. The Research Methods module was previously taught through a traditional lecture-based format. Anecdotally, it was felt that student engagement was poor and learning was limited. It was believed that successful completion of the development of this Module would equip students with a deeply-learned battery of research skills to take into their further academic and professional careers. Student learning was achieved through completion of a series of activities based on different research methods. In order to encourage student engagement, a wide variety of activities were used. These activities included workshops, brainstorming, mind-mapping, presentations, written submissions, peer critiquing, lecture/seminar, and ‘speed dating’ with more senior students and self reflection. Student engagement was measured through a survey based on a U.S. National Survey of Student Engagement (2000). A questionnaire was devised to establish whether, and to what degree, students were engaged in the material that they were learning, while they were learning it. The results of the questionnaire were very encouraging with between 63% and 96% of students 1 Fallon et al.: An activity-based approach to the learning and teaching of research methods Published by ARROW@DIT, 2013 answering positively to a range of questions concerning engagement. In terms of the two objectives set, these were satisfactorily met. The module was successfully developed and continues to be delivered, based upon this new and significant level of student engagement.
Intelligent adaptive motion control using fuzzy basis function networks for self-balancing two-wheeled transporters

This paper presents an intelligent adaptive motion control using fuzzy basis-function networks (FBFN) for a self-balancing two-wheeled transporter (SBTWT). A mechatronic system structure driven by two DC motors is briefly described, and its nonlinear mathematical modeling incorporating the friction between the wheels and the motion surface is derived. With the decomposition of the overall system into two subsystems: yaw control and inverted pendulum, two intelligent adaptive FBFN controllers are proposed to achieve self-balancing, speed tracking and yaw motion control. Simulation results indicate that the proposed controllers are capable of providing appropriate control actions to steer the vehicle in desired manners.
Secondary ultrasound examination increases the sensitivity of the FAST exam in blunt trauma.

INTRODUCTION Approximately one third of stable patients with significant intra-abdominal injury do not have significant intraperitoneal blood evident on admission. We hypothesized that a delayed, repeat ultrasound study (Secondary Ultrasound--SUS) will reveal additional intra-abdominal injuries and hemoperitoneum. METHODS We performed a prospective observational study of trauma patients at our Level I trauma center from April 2003 to December 2003. Patients underwent an initial ultrasound (US), followed by a SUS examination within 24 hours of admission. Patients not eligible for a SUS because of early discharge, operative intervention or death were excluded. All US and SUS exams were performed and evaluated by surgical/emergency medicine house staff or surgical attendings. RESULTS Five hundred forty-seven patients had both an initial US and a SUS examination. The sensitivity of the initial US in this patient population was 31.1% and increased to 72.1% on SUS (p < 0.001) for intra-abdominal injury or intra-abdominal fluid. The specificity for the initial US was 99.8% and 99.8% for SUS. The negative predictive value was 92.0% for the initial US and increased to 96.6% for SUS (p = 0.002). The accuracy of the initial ultrasound was 92.1% and increased to 96.7% on the SUS (p < 0.002). No patient with a negative SUS after 4 hours developed clinically significant hemoperitoneum. CONCLUSION A secondary ultrasound of the abdomen significantly increases the sensitivity of ultrasound to detect intra-abdominal injury.
On the visual deformation servoing of compliant objects: Uncalibrated control methods and experiments

In this paper, we address the active deformation control of compliant objects by robot manipulators. The control of deformations is needed to automate several important tasks, for example, the manipulation of soft tissues, shaping of food materials, or needle insertion. Note that in many of these applications, the object’s deformation properties are not known. To cope with this issue, in this paper we present two new visual servoing approaches to explicitly servo-control elastic deformations. The novelty of our kinematic controllers lies in its uncalibrated behavior; our adaptive methods do not require the prior identification of the object’s deformation model and the camera’s intrinsic/extrinsic parameters. This feature provides a way to automatically control deformations in a model-free manner. The experimental results that we report validate the feasibility of our controllers.
Rules or Relationships: Scale Development of Universalism versus Particularism as Individual Values

The paper analyzes on the cultural dimension of universalism vs. particularism as how people solve problems facing conflicting social norms of rules and of relationships. We argue that universalism versus particularism is personal values. Following Jackson (1966), the values should be measured both in intensity and crystallization. Study 1 established the measure, showing that our scale has acceptable reliability and validity. Study 2 further validated the scale by showing that the values' intensity and crystallization were associated with individuals' choices in various thorny decision contexts. As predicted, we observed an interaction between the values' intensity and crystallization, such that choices were predicted when intense values were crystallized. Study 3 validated the scale in a negotiation related to a social dilemma, showing that the values of particularism could predict help of the powerless. Again, the relationship held only when the values are crystallized. In summary, these studies establish the scale of universalism versus particularism and provide rich opportunity for future research.
Exploring students’ intention to use LINE for academic purposes based on technology acceptance model

The LINE application is often conceived as purely social space; however, the authors of this paper wanted to determine if it could be used for academic purposes. In this study, we examined how undergraduate students accepted LINE in terms of using it for classroom-related activities (e.g., submit homework, follow up course information queries, download materials) and explored the factors that might affect their intention to use it. Data were collected from 144 undergraduate students enrolled in an English course that utilized some activities based on LINE app using a questionnaire developed from TAM. Data were analyzed to see if relationships existed among factors when LINE was used to organize classroom experiences. The findings revealed that perceived usefulness and attitude toward usage had positive relationships with intention to use while perceived ease of use was positively related to perceived usefulness. In contrast with TAM assertions, this study did not find any relationship between perceived ease of use and attitude toward usage. Also, the number of social networking sites that students are using had no relationship with intention to use. The study also suggested some kinds of LINE-based learning activities preferred by students, which would be proposed for future courses. This study revealed several useful implications that TAM can be employed as a useful theoretical framework to predict and understand users’ intention to use new technologies in education.
From Public Sociology to Public Philosophy: Lessons for Law and Society

The late Philip Selznick’s final book, A Humanist Science, examines the role of values and ideals in the social sciences, including the study of law and society. Throughout his academic career, Selznick was committed to what he called “legal naturalism,” a sociological version of the natural-law perspective, while his critics continue to adhere to various forms of positivism. But the age-old opposition between natural law and legal positivism today may be giving way to the quest for public sociology—a sociology that promotes public reflection on significant social issues and thus functions as a moral and political force. A Humanist Science ends with a strong plea for public philosophy. Public philosophy overlaps with public sociology but is a much stronger concept. Selznick’s message of public philosophy may be another of his enduring contributions to the field of law and society. lsi_1219 1137.1154
Arcangeli’s method for Fredholm equations of the first kind

It is well known that a linear operator equation of the first kind, with an operator having nonclosed range, is ill-posed, that is, the solution depends discontinuously on the data. Tikhonov's method for approximating the solution depends on the choice of a positive parameter which effects a trade-off between fidelity and regularity in the approximate solution. If the parameter is chosen according to Morozov's discrepancy principle, then the approximations converge to the true solution as the error level in the data goes to zero. If the operator is selfadjoint and positive and semidefinite, then "simplified" approximations can be formed. We show that Morozov's criterion for the simplified approximations does not result in a convergent method, however, Arcangeli's criterion does lead to convergence. We then prove the uniform convergence of Arcangeli's method for Fredholm integral equations of the first kind with continuous kernel.
Assessment of drivers' workload: performance, subjective and physiological indices

There are many reasons that the measurement of drivers' mental workload has great interest these days and will increasingly enjoy this status in the near future. Accidents are numerous, seemingly ineradicable, very costly, and largely attributable to the human factor. Human errors in the sense of imperfect perception, insufficient attention, and inadequate information processing are the major causes of the bulk of the accidents on the road (Smiley & Brookhuis, 1987; Treat et al., 1977). Although both low and high mental workloads are undoubtedly basic conditions for these errors, an exact relation between mental workload and accident causation is not easily established, or easily measured in practice. The measurement of drivers' mental workload offers opportunities and pitfalls, as illustrated in De Waard's model of driver performance, demands, and mental workload (De Waard, 1996). Although stability of primary measures of driving performance over time is what the drivers' goals are, the conditions are variable and sometimes strongly demanding and require effort in variable "amounts" that at times are beyond capacity. The accident proneness that follows such conditions is the (for the time being irrefutable) rationale for the measurement of drivers' mental workload. For the covering abstract see ITRD E108674.
Glyphosate affects micro‐organisms in rhizospheres of glyphosate‐resistant soybeans

Aims: Glyphosate‐resistant (GR) soybean production increases each year because of the efficacy of glyphosate for weed management. A new or ‘second’ generation of GR soybean (GR2) is now commercially available for farmers that is being promoted as higher yielding relative to the previous, ‘first generation’ (GR1) cultivars. Recent reports show that glyphosate affects the biology and ecology of rhizosphere micro‐organisms in GR soybean that affect yield. The objective of this research was to evaluate the microbiological interactions in the rhizospheres of GR2 and GR1 soybean and the performance of the cultivars with different rates of glyphosate applied at different growth stages.
Abnormal Baseline Brain Activity in Patients with Pulsatile Tinnitus: A Resting-State fMRI Study

Numerous investigations studying the brain functional activity of the tinnitus patients have indicated that neurological changes are important findings of this kind of disease. However, the pulsatile tinnitus (PT) patients were excluded in previous studies because of the totally different mechanisms of the two subtype tinnitus. The aim of this study is to investigate whether altered baseline brain activity presents in patients with PT using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) technique. The present study used unilateral PT patients (n = 42) and age-, sex-, and education-matched normal control subjects (n = 42) to investigate the changes in structural and amplitude of low-frequency (ALFF) of the brain. Also, we analyzed the relationships between these changes with clinical data of the PT patients. Compared with normal controls, PT patients did not show any structural changes. PT patients showed significant increased ALFF in the bilateral precuneus, and bilateral inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and decreased ALFF in multiple occipital areas. Moreover, the increased THI score and PT duration was correlated with increased ALFF in precuneus and bilateral IFG. The abnormalities of spontaneous brain activity reflected by ALFF measurements in the absence of structural changes may provide insights into the neural reorganization in PT patients.
Continuous Versus Episodic Change: The Impact of Civil Rights Policy on the Economic Status of Blacks

This paper examines the available evidence on the causes of black economic advance in order to assess the contribution of federal policy. Over the period 1920-1990, there were only two periods of relative black economic improvement -- during the 1940s and in the decade following the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the voting Rights Act of 1965, and the institution of the government contracts compliance program. Black migration from the South, a traditional source of economic gains for blacks, almost stopped at about this same time, and recent evidence on the impact of black schooling gains indicates that educational gains cannot explain the magnitude of black economic progress beginning in the mid-1960s.