Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phase II Feasibility and Pharmacokinetic Study of Concurrent Administration of Trastuzumab and High-Dose Chemotherapy in Advanced HER2+ Breast Cancer

Purpose: To evaluate the safety of concurrent treatment with trastuzumab and high-dose chemotherapy (HDC), using cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and 1,3-bis(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (BCNU), with autologous hematopoietic progenitor cells support, in patients with HER2+ advanced breast cancer. Experimental Design: Patients with HER2-overexpressing high-risk primary breast cancer (HRPBC; defined as ≥4 involved nodes or inflammatory disease), or metastatic breast cancer (MBC) were eligible. Treatment consisted of a loading dose of trastuzumab at 4 mg/kg (day −5), HDC (days −5 to −2), autologous hematopoietic progenitor cells infusion on day 0, and weekly maintenance trastuzumab (2 mg/kg) from day +1 (minimum of 9 doses). Cardiac monitoring included serial left ventricular ejection fraction measurements before treatment and on days +20 and +65. Results: Thirty-three patients were prospectively enrolled (13 HRPBC, 20 MBC). Toxicity seemed similar to that expected with this HDC regimen alone. Neutrophils and platelets engrafted promptly. There were no cases of grade 4 or 5 toxicity. One patient experienced symptomatic grade 3 acute cardiac failure on day −4, responsive to treatment. Trastuzumab did not alter the pharmacokinetics of HDC. Eleven of twelve MBC patients with measurable disease (nine of them refractory to previous chemotherapy) experienced an objective response (9 complete and 2 partial responses). At median follow-up of 34 (13–58) months, all HRPBC patients remain alive and free of disease; the MBC group has event-free survival and overall survival rates of 45 and 70%, respectively. Conclusions: Incorporation of trastuzumab into HDC (cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, and BCNU) is feasible, with no apparent increased toxicity or pharmacokinetic interactions.
InP/InGaAs Uni-Traveling-Carrier Photodiodes

This paper reviews the operation, design, and performance of the uni-traveling-carrier-photodiode (UTC-PD). The UTC-PD is a new type of photodiode that uses only electrons as its active carriers and its prime feature is high current operation. A small signal analysis predicts that a UTC-PD can respond to an optical signal as fast as or faster than a pin-PD. A comparison of measured pulse photoresponse data reveals how the saturation mechanisms of the UTC-PD and pin-PD differ. Applications of InP/InGaAs UTC-PDs as optoelectronic drivers are also presented. key words: photodiode, photoreceiver, InP, InGaAs
Workplace happiness: work engagement, career satisfaction, and subjective well-being

Purpose - Employee happiness or well-being is an emerging topic in management as well as in psychology. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of perceived organizational support (POS) and psychological capital (PsyCap) on happiness in employees’ work (i.e. work engagement), careers (i.e. career satisfaction), and lives (i.e. subjective well-being (SWB)). Design/methodology/approach - Data were collected from 550 employees in a conglomerate in South Korea. For statistical analysis, we conducted confirmatory factor analysis, reliability and correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling analyses. Findings - Employees were highly engaged in their work, satisfied with their careers, and felt a greater sense of well-being in their lives when they had higher POS and PsyCap. Work engagement fully mediated the relationship between PsyCap and career satisfaction. POS had an indirect effect on SWB through career satisfaction. With regards to the relationships among the three outcome variables, career satisfaction turned out to fully mediate the relationship between work engagement and SWB. In addition, the direct effect of PsyCap on SWB was also found to be significant. Research limitations/implications - This study focused on knowledge workers in South Korean for-profit firms. The participants were mostly male, junior or middle managers. Using a cross-sectional survey method, this empirical study leaves room for speculation about the causality among the variables. As the results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses indicate, however, common method variance was found to not be of great concern. Practical implications - The mission of human resources (HR) and organization development (OD) professionals in organizations is to improve individual and organizational performance and to enhance employees’ well-being. HR/OD professionals can enhance employees’ happiness not only in their work and careers but also in their lives by improving POS (e.g. growth opportunity, performance management, and compensation system) and developing PsyCap (e.g. staffing, training, and development, etc.). Originality/value - This study linked the emerging constructs in positive psychology in general, in HR/OB in particular. To date, no study has empirically investigated the effects of PsyCap and POS on the three workplace happiness constructs: work engagement, career satisfaction, and SWB. This is the first study that found the relationship between POS and PsyCap. Last, while South Koreans are more collectivistic and less satisfied with their lives than the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development average, the respondents in this study, working for highly reputable firms, perceived high level of happiness in their work and career, and eventually in their lives. Thus, organizational features had a stronger effect on workplace happiness than national culture.
Language Attitude Education as ICC Facilitation: An Explorative Class

Abstract This paper reports the design, implementation, and outcome of an action research. The research aimed to examine and improve college students’ attitudes towards varieties of World Englishes through a mild intervention in an intercultural communication class. Viewing education as a means to facilitate Intercultural Communication Competence (ICC), of which language attitude was an integral part, the study designed a four-step pedagogical intervention to help students become more open and critical of their attitudes. The four pedagogical steps included language attitude elicitation, deconstruction, reconstruction, and creative solutions to communicative problems. The study found that students largely had conservative language attitudes and prejudices to start with. After the intervention, over 40% of the students acquired more open language attitudes, while some remained ambivalent about embracing linguistic diversity, and a small number of students maintained their previous conservative attitudes. Challenges of attitude change and language attitude education are discussed.
Development and initial validation of a family appraisal of caregiving questionnaire for palliative care

This article describes the derivation and initial psychometric validation of a multi‐dimensional Family Appraisal of Caregiving Questionnaire for Palliative Care (FACQ‐PC). The 25‐item measure consists of four theoretically derived subscales: (i) caregiver strain, (ii) positive caregiving appraisals, (iii) caregiver distress, and (iv) family well‐being. Based on a sample of 160 family caregivers of a relative with cancer receiving palliative care, reliability analyses demonstrated the subscale scores to be internally consistent and factor analysis revealed evidence of factorial validity. Correlations of the four subscales with measures of family functioning, positive and negative affect, and subjective burden provided evidence of convergent and discriminant validity. The FACQ‐PC provides a measure of the family's appraisal of caregiving that can be used in clinical assessment, and has potential utility for evaluating the effectiveness of palliative care interventions. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Remote Sensing of Channels and Riparian Zones with a Narrow-Beam Aquatic-Terrestrial LIDAR

The high-resolution Experimental Advanced Airborne Research LIDAR (EAARL) is a new technology for cross-environment surveys of channels and floodplains. EAARL measurements of basic channel geometry, such as wetted cross-sectional area, are within a few percent of those from control field surveys. The largest channel mapping errors are along stream banks. The LIDAR data adequately support 1D and 2D computational fluid dynamics models and frequency domain analyses by wavelet transforms. Further work is needed to establish the stream monitoring capability of the EAARL and the range of water quality conditions in which this sensor will accurately map river bathymetry.
Role of the Fast Kinetics of Pyroglutamate-Modified Amyloid-β Oligomers in Membrane Binding and Membrane Permeability

Membrane permeability to ions and small molecules is believed to be a critical step in the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Interactions of oligomers formed by amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides with the plasma cell membrane are believed to play a fundamental role in the processes leading to membrane permeability. Among the family of Aβs, pyroglutamate (pE)-modified Aβ peptides constitute the most abundant oligomeric species in the brains of AD patients. Although membrane permeability mechanisms have been studied for full-length Aβ1–40/42 peptides, these have not been sufficiently characterized for the more abundant AβpE3–42 fragment. Here we have compared the adsorbed and membrane-inserted oligomeric species of AβpE3–42 and Aβ1–42 peptides. We find lower concentrations and larger dimensions for both species of membrane-associated AβpE3–42 oligomers. The larger dimensions are attributed to the faster self-assembly kinetics of AβpE3–42, and the lower concentrations are attributed to weaker interactions with zwitterionic lipid headgroups. While adsorbed oligomers produced little or no significant membrane structural damage, increased membrane permeabilization to ionic species is understood in terms of enlarged membrane-inserted oligomers. Membrane-inserted AβpE3–42 oligomers were also found to modify the mechanical properties of the membrane. Taken together, our results suggest that membrane-inserted oligomers are the primary species responsible for membrane permeability.
A redundancy-based approach for obstacle avoidance in mobile robot navigation

In this paper, we propose a framework for visual navigation with simultaneous obstacle avoidance. The obstacles are modeled by using a vortex potential field, derived from an occupancy grid. Kinematic redundancy guarantees that obstacle avoidance and navigation are achieved concurrently, and the whole scheme is merely sensor-based. The problem is solved both in an obstacle-free and in a dangerous context, and the control law is smoothened in the intermediate situations. In a series of simulations, we show that with our framework, a robot can replay a taught visual path while avoiding collisions, even in the presence of visual occlusions.
Suppression of muscle contraction by vanadate. Mechanical and ligand binding studies on glycerol-extracted rabbit fibers

The suppression of tension development by orthovanadate (Vi) was studied in mechanical experiments and by measuring the binding of radioactive Vi and nucleotides to glycerol-extracted rabbit muscle fibers. During active contractions, Vi bound to the cross-bridges and suppressed tension with an apparent second-order rate constant of 1.34 X 10(3) M-1s-1. The half-saturation concentration for tension suppression was 94 microM Vi. The incubation of fibers in Vi relaxing or rigor solutions prior to initiation of active contractions had little effect on the initial rise of active tension. The addition of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and Vi to fibers in rigor did not cause relaxation. Suppression of tension only developed during cross-bridge cycling. After slow relaxation from rigor in 1 mM Vi and low (50 microM) MgATP concentration (0 Ca2+), radioactive Vi and ADP were trapped within the fiber. This finding indicated the formation of a stable myosin X ADP X Vi complex, as has been reported in biochemical experiments with isolated myosin. Vi and ADP trapped within the fibers were released only by subsequent cross-bridge attachment. Vi and ADP were preferentially trapped under conditions of cross-bridge cycling in the presence of ATP rather than in relaxed fibers or in rigor with ADP. These results indicate that in the normal cross-bridge cycle, inorganic phosphate (Pi) is released from actomyosin before ADP. The resulting actomyosin X ADP intermediate can bind Vi and Pi. This intermediate probably supports force. Vi behaves as a close analogue of Pi in muscle fibers, as it does with isolated actomyosin.
Dynamic transitive closure via dynamic matrix inverse: extended abstract

We consider dynamic evaluation of algebraic functions such as computing determinant, matrix adjoint, matrix inverse and solving linear system of equations. We show that in the dynamic setup the above problems can be solved faster than evaluating everything from scratch. In the case when rows and columns of the matrix can change we show an algorithm that achieves O(n/sup 2/) arithmetic operations per update and O(1) arithmetic operations per query. Next, we describe two algorithms, with different tradeoffs, for updating the inverse and determinant when single entries of the matrix are changed. The fastest update for the first tradeoff is O(n/sup 1.575/) arithmetic operations per update and O(n/sup 0.575/) arithmetic operations per query. The second tradeoff gives O(n/sup 1.495/) arithmetic operations per update and O(n/sup 1.495/) arithmetic operations per query. We also consider the case when some number of columns or rows can change. We use dynamic determinant computations to solve the following problems in the dynamic setup: computing the number of spanning trees in a graph and testing if an edge in a graph is contained in some perfect matching. These are the first dynamic algorithms for these problems. Next, with the use of dynamic matrix inverse, we solve fully dynamic transitive closure in general directed graphs. The bounds on arithmetic operations for dynamic matrix inverse translate directly to time bounds for dynamic transitive closure. Thus we obtain the first known algorithm with O(n/sup 2/) worst-case update time and constant query time and two algorithms for transitive closure in general digraphs with subquadratic update and query times. Our algorithms for transitive closure are randomized with one-sided error. We also consider for the first time the case when the edges incident with a part of vertices of the graph can be changed.
Eﬀects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on sensory evoked potentials

transcranial direct current ABSTRACT We present a combined experimental/computational modeling approach aimed at studying the effects of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) on neuronal systems. More particularly, we introduce i) a neural mass model (neuronal population level) of the cerebral cortex and ii) a coupling model between the considered neuronal population and an externally-applied electric field. We then use this computational modeling approach to interpret evoked potentials (EPs) recorded from the somatosensory cortex of the rabbit under tDCS. Results showed that the model could accurately reproduce the time-course of actual EPs (polarity and latency of main peaks) recorded under control (i.e. “no tDCS stimulation”) condition. From real data, we also identified the “major” effects of tDCS on EPs in terms of shape modifications and we studied the necessary and sufficient conditions for which the model could reproduce these effects. We found that pyramidal cells should be depolarized (resp. hyperpolarized) in order to simulate the effects of anodal (resp. cathodal) currents. We also found that some interneurons are sensitive to externally-applied fields, indicating that modelling efforts need to also consider the role of these neurons to fully understand interactions between stimulation currents and underlying neuronal systems.
Social Media, Gender and the Mediatisation of War: Exploring the German Armed Forces’ Visual Representation of the Afghanistan Operation on Facebook

ABSTRACTStudies on the mediatization of war point to attempts of governments to regulate the visual representation of their involvements in armed conflict – the most notable example being the practice of ‘embedded reporting’ in Iraq and Afghanistan. This article focuses on a different strategy of visual meaning-making, namely, the publication of images on social media by armed forces themselves. Specifically, we argue that the mediatization of war literature could profit from an increased engagement with feminist research, both within Critical Security/Critical Military Studies and within Science and Technology Studies that highlight the close connection between masculinity, technology and control. The article examines the German military mission in Afghanistan as represented on the German armed forces’ official Facebook page. Germany constitutes an interesting, and largely neglected, case for the growing literature on the mediatization of war: its strong antimilitarist political culture makes the represe.
Balloon Kyphoplasty for Vertebra Plana with or without Osteonecrosis

Purpose. To compare efficacy of balloon kyphoplasty in restoring vertebral height and correcting kyphosis in patients having vertebra plana with or without osteonecrosis. Methods. 12 women and 3 men (mean age, 76 years), who had a complete vertebra plana with or without osteonecrosis (n=8 vs n=7), underwent balloon kyphoplasty. No external manoeuvres were performed before or during balloon kyphoplasty, except for positioning the patients in a prone posture on the operating table. The anterior, middle, and posterior vertebral height and the kyphotic angle were measured pre- and post-operatively with a digital imaging system. The vertebral height was measured as a percentage of the adjacent normal vertebral height. Results. Respectively in vertebra plana patients with or without osteonecrosis, the mean corrections of (1) kyphosis were 10° and 4° (p=0.099), (2) anterior vertebral height were 33% and 5% (p<0.001), (3) middle vertebral height were 38% and 18% (p=0.004), and (4) posterior vertebral height were 19% and 2% (p=0.031). Conclusion. In patients with vertebra plana, it is important to identify any osteonecrosis, which is an indication for balloon kyphoplasty to restore vertebral height and correct kyphosis.
TRANSLATION QUALITY OF SEXIST LANGUAGE IN THE NOVEL LITTLE WOMEN BY LOISA MAY ALCOTT

The study is designed to find out the quality of translation from novel Little Women and its translations in Indonesian translated by man and woman (different gender). The reason why the researcher chose the topic is that there are differences of translation techniques applied by translators (different gender) in translating sexist language and it can affect the quality of translation. The aims of the study are (1) to find out the types of sexist language in the novel Litt le Women, (2) to find out the techniques of translation, (3) to analyze the quality of translation based on gender of translator. The study uses a descriptive qualitative method. In this case, the researcher collects, classifies, and describes the data using the method. To get the data, the writer read the English and the Indonesian novel carefully and identified the kinds of sexist language. The researcher got 170 data. After finding out the data from the English and Indonesian versions, the data were verified by the expert and the translations were analyzed by raters related to the quality of translation. The result of the analysis shows that there are 12 man as Standard, 116 women are different, 8 Non Human Terms, 20 Negative Words, and 20 Sex Role Descriptor. It‘s found different techniques of translation applied by translators as well as the quality of translation.
Internal-Time Temporal Difference Model for Neural Value-Based Decision Making

The temporal difference (TD) learning framework is a major paradigm for understanding value-based decision making and related neural activities (e.g., dopamine activity). The representation of time in neural processes modeled by a TD framework, however, is poorly understood. To address this issue, we propose a TD formulation that separates the time of the operator (neural valuation processes), which we refer to as internal time, from the time of the observer (experiment), which we refer to as conventional time. We provide the formulation and theoretical characteristics of this TD model based on internal time, called internal-time TD, and explore the possible consequences of the use of this model in neural value-based decision making. Due to the separation of the two times, internal-time TD computations, such as TD error, are expressed differently, depending on both the time frame and time unit. We examine this operator-observer problem in relation to the time representation used in previous TD models. An internal time TD value function exhibits the co-appearance of exponential and hyperbolic discounting at different delays in intertemporal choice tasks. We further examine the effects of internal time noise on TD error, the dynamic construction of internal time, and the modulation of internal time with the internal time hypothesis of serotonin function. We also relate the internal TD formulation to research on interval timing and subjective time.
Desynchronization of Theta-Phase Gamma-Amplitude Coupling during a Mental Arithmetic Task in Children with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

Introduction Theta-phase gamma-amplitude coupling (TGC) measurement has recently received attention as a feasible method of assessing brain functions such as neuronal interactions. The purpose of this electroencephalographic (EEG) study is to understand the mechanisms underlying the deficits in attentional control in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) by comparing the power spectra and TGC at rest and during a mental arithmetic task. Methods Nineteen-channel EEGs were recorded from 97 volunteers (including 53 subjects with ADHD) from a camp for hyperactive children under two conditions (rest and task performance). The EEG power spectra and the TGC data were analyzed. Correlation analyses between the Intermediate Visual and Auditory (IVA) continuous performance test (CPT) scores and EEG parameters were performed. Results No significant difference in the power spectra was detected between the groups at rest and during task performance. However, TGC was reduced during the arithmetic task in the ADHD group compared with the normal group (F = 16.70, p < 0.001). The TGC values positively correlated with the IVA CPT scores but negatively correlated with theta power. Conclusions Our findings suggest that desynchronization of TGC occurred during the arithmetic task in ADHD children. TGC in ADHD children is expected to serve as a promising neurophysiological marker of network deactivation during attention-demanding tasks.
Reading Comprehension Subgroups in Arabic: A Simple but Not a Multiplicative Model

ABSTRACT The simple view of reading (SVR) model posits that reading comprehension is a product of decoding and listening comprehension and that reading comprehension difficulties can be categorized according to the weakness and strength of these 2 components. In the present study, I tested the applicability of the SVR to reading comprehension subgroups in Arabic and the multiplicative claim. A large sample of 1,012 children who were good readers and 370 children with poor reading comprehension from 1st through 6th grades took part in the study. The findings provide support for the SVR: 80% of children with poor reading comprehension were classified into hyperlexic, dyslexic, or garden variety subgroups based on their performance in decoding and listening comprehension. In addition, 26% of the children with adequate reading comprehension showed weakness in decoding and/or listening comprehension, a finding that does not support the multiplicative model. I discuss theoretical implications with specific recommendations for intervention programs.