Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sex Differences in Approaching Friends with Benefits Relationships

This research explored differences in how men and women approach “friends with benefits” (FWB) relationships. Specifically, this study examined sex differences in reasons for beginning such involvements, commitment to the friendship versus sexual aspects of the relationship, and partners'; anticipated hopes for the future. To do so, an Internet sample of individuals currently involved in FWB relationships was recruited. Results indicated many overall similarities in terms of how the sexes approach FWB relationships, but several important differences emerged. For example, sex was a more common motivation for men to begin such relationships, whereas emotional connection was a more common motivation for women. In addition, men were more likely to hope that the relationship stays the same over time, whereas women expressed more desire for change into either a full-fledged romance or a basic friendship. Unexpectedly, both men and women were more committed to the friendship than to the sexual aspect of the relationship. Although some additional similarities appeared, the findings were largely consistent with the notion that traditional gender role expectations and the sexual double standard may influence how men and women approach FWB relationships.
Staying ‘stoked’: Surfing, ageing and post-youth identities

Surfing has consistently been framed as a youth focused, male-dominated sport and culture. Despite surfing’s ageing demographic, neither the ways in which age impacts on surfing identities and mobilities, nor older surfer’s experiences and subjectivities, has been given scholarly attention. In this paper, I discuss research exploring the experiences and identities of middle-aged and older recreational male and female surfers in the south and south-west of England. The research illustrates that participation in surfing as a sport and lifestyle remains highly significant for some men and women through middle-age and into retirement. I consider the cultural barriers and challenges in dealing with a loss in physical performance through ageing, such as adaptations to their equipment, performance, and style, and the implications for how individuals negotiate bodily capital, space and identity. Nonetheless, older surfers also embrace different ways of being a surfer which challenge some of the more exclusionary aspects of surfing identities. Theoretically the paper develops an intersectional approach to sporting identity that explicitly recognises and accounts for the contribution of age to social identity. The research also contributes to the growing literature on physically active ‘post-youth’ leisure lifestyles, illustrating how shifting definitions of ageing have given ‘rise to new expectations, priorities and understandings’ of sporting lifestyles amongst those in middle age, and beyond.
Can active components of licorice, glycyrrhizin and glycyrrhetinic acid, lick rheumatoid arthritis?

OBJECTIVES This review stated the possible application of the active components of licorice, glycyrrhizin (GL) and glycyrrhetinic acid (GA), in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) treatment based on the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2/thromboxane A2 (TxA2) pathway. METHODS The extensive literature from inception to July 2015 was searched in PubMed central, and relevant reports were identified according to the purpose of this study. RESULTS The active components of licorice GL and GA exert the potential anti-inflammatory effects through, at least in part, suppressing COX-2 and its downstream product TxA2. Additionally, the COX-2/TxA2 pathway, an auto-regulatory feedback loop, has been recently found to be a crucial mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of RA. However, TxA2 is neither the pharmacological target of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) nor the target of disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (DMARDs), and the limitations and side effects of those drugs may be, at least in part, attributable to lack of the effects on the COX-2/TxA2 pathway. Therefore, GL and GA capable of targeting this pathway hold the potential as a novel add-on therapy in therapeutic strategy, which is supported by several bench experiments. CONCLUSIONS The active components of licorice, GL and GA, could not only potentiate the therapeutic effects but also decrease the adverse effects of NSAIDs or DMARDs through suppressing the COX-2/TxA2 pathway during treatment course of RA.
PENGARUH KEMAMPUAN METAKOGNITIF TERHADAP PRESTASI AKADEMIK MAHASISWA PADA MATA KULIAH PEMROGRAMAN DASAR

Faktor kesuksesan seorang mahasiswa di masa depan ditentukan oleh bagaimana perkembangan seluruh aspek dirinya, yaitu perkembangan fisik, kognitif/intelektual, emosi, dan spiritual yang berkembang secara optimal. Oleh karena itu, seseorang harus memiliki kesadaran tentang kemampuan berpikirnya sendiri serta mampu untuk mengaturnya.Para ahli mengatakan kemampuan ini disebut dengan metakognitif.Mata kuliah yang menuntut mahasiswa berpikir tingkat tinggi salah satunya adalah mata kuliah pemrograman dasar.Pemrograman dasar merupakan mata kuliah yang mempelajari bagaimana memahami dan menganalisa suatu masalah, kemudian berfikir secara urut dan sistematis (algoritmik) untuk memecahkan permasalahan dan mewujudkannya dalam bentuk bahasa pemrograman tingkat tinggi. Matakuliah iniÂ merupakana matakuliah utama yang akan menjadi pengantar keberhasilan mahasiswa untuk meraih kompetensi utama. Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh kemampuan metakognitif terhadap prestasi akademik mahasiswa pada mata kuliah pemrograman dasar.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif.Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Teknologi Informasi semester 2 STKIP PGRI Tulungagung Tahun Ajaran 2016/2017 dengan total populasi adalah 50 orang. Sampel penelitian adalah sebanyak jumlah populasi. Pemilihan sampel dengan menggunakan probability sampling, artinya penarikan sampel didasarkan atas pemikiran bahwa keseluruhan tingkatan kelas memiliki kesempatan yang sama untuk dijadikan sampel. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana.Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan metakognitif memiliki pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan terhadap prestasi akademik pada mata kuliah pemrograman.Kemampuan metakognitif dapat membantu mengembangkan kemampuan manajemen berpikir yang baik sehingga menunjukkan prestasi akademik yang baik pula dibandingkan dengan mahasiswa yang memiliki kemampuan metakognitif rendah.
On the hardness of classically simulating the one clean qubit model

Deterministic quantum computation with one quantum bit (DQC1) [E. Knill and R. Laflamme, Phys. Rev. Lett. 81, 5672 (1998)] is a model of quantum computing where the input is restricted to containing a single qubit in a pure state and has all other qubits in a completely mixed state. Only the single pure qubit is measured at the end of the computation. While it is known that DQC1 can efficiently solve several problems for which no known classical efficient algorithms exist, the question of whether DQC1 is really more powerful than classical computation remains open. In this Letter, we introduce a slightly modified version of DQC1, which we call DQC1(k), where k output qubits are measured, and show that DQC1(k) cannot be classically efficiently simulated for any k≥3 unless the polynomial hierarchy collapses at the third level.
Food Leftover Practices among Consumers in Selected Countries in Europe, South and North America

Foodborne illnesses may be related to many food production factors with home practices of consumers playing an important role in food safety. Consumer behavior for handling food leftovers has been studied, however little work on comparisons among countries has been published. The objective of this study was to investigate home food leftover practices of people from North American, South American, and European countries. Surveys were conducted with approximately 100 or more consumers in Argentina, Colombia, the United States, Estonia, Italy, Russia, and Spain. The participants responded to questions related to the length of time different types of food leftovers; such as meat, fresh salads, or restaurant dishes would be kept refrigerated or would be left at room temperature before refrigeration. Researchers also investigated how consumers would determine if the food was still safe for consumption. Potentially risky behaviors were observed in all seven countries. For instance, 55.8% of Estonians, 25% of Russians and 25.8% of Argentinean participants left food out at room temperature for several hours before storing in the refrigerator. Furthermore, 25%–29% of Colombian, Estonian, and Spanish consumers would look, smell, and taste leftovers to determine its probable safety. Correct handling of leftovers is an important aspect of consumer food safety. Although the surveys cannot be representative of all consumers in each country, they do provide an initial overview of comparative practices for handling leftovers among different countries. This provides government and educators with information on potential universal and unique consumer food safety issues related to handling leftover foods among various countries.
Agency and social capital in Chinese international doctoral students’ conversion to Christianity

Abstract Chinese international students constitute the largest proportion of overseas students in several English-speaking countries such as the UK and New Zealand. Little research has been done concerning those undertaking doctoral study. This qualitative study explores how Chinese overseas doctoral students become involved in church communities and how some of them convert to Christianity in New Zealand. In-depth interviews were conducted with nine Chinese doctoral students from different social backgrounds. Five of these reported varying degrees of interest in and commitment to Christianity. Their narratives revealed that their conversion was a gradual and complex process as a result of the interplay between habitus, agency and contextual factors. These findings from a New Zealand context provide insights into non-academic experience of Chinese international students, particularly their religious experience.
Rate-Distortion Optimized SVC Bitstream Extraction for Heterogeneous Devices: A Preliminary Investigation

decoding of video bitstreams, and thus allows various viewing devices to adapt their video reception and playback according to devices capability and network performance. This desirable feature, however, comes with a caveat: the parts of a bitstream needed for providing good quality playback at different devices may differ significantly depending on the visual characteristics of video programs, the quantization and dependency settings of SVC encoders as well as the display formats of viewing devices. In this paper, we present the results of our preliminary investigation on the intricate relations among these factors. We discovered a set of constraints on the setting of quantization parameters and the choices of reference layers for inter-layer dependencies that ensures good rate- distortion trade-offs and regular bitstream extraction paths. We called these constraints, the adaptation rules for inter-layer encoding, and their resulting outputs, the well-adapted layers/bitstreams. We further discovered that bitstream extraction by different viewing devices follow predictable paths if the SVC bitstream is well-adapted and the playback process extracts a complete set of interdependent network abstraction layer (NAL) units in every refinement step. These regular extraction paths enabled us to develop an efficient bitstream extraction algorithm based on local optimization of rate-distortion ratios. The experimental results using standard testing sequences confirmed our findings. Index Terms-- Scalable Video Coding, Rate-Distortion Optimization, Bitstream Extraction
Carotid Intima-Media Thickness Is Associated With Allelic Variants of Stromelysin-1, Interleukin-6, and Hepatic Lipase Genes: The Northern Manhattan Prospective Cohort Study

Background and Purpose— Atherosclerosis is a complex disorder with hereditary and environmental causes. Carotid artery intima-media wall thickness (IMT) is a useful measure of atherosclerosis. The objective of this study was to determine the association between carotid IMT and functional promoter variants of stromelysin-1 (MMP3: −1612 5A>6A), interleukin-6 (IL6: −174G>C), and hepatic lipase (HL: −480C>T) genes. Methods— B-mode carotid ultrasound was performed among 87 subjects (mean age, 70±12 years; 55% women; 60% Caribbean-Hispanic, 25% black, and 13% white) from the Northern Manhattan Prospective Cohort Study. Carotid IMT was calculated as a composite measure (mean of the maximum IMT in the bifurcation, the common carotid artery, and the internal carotid artery). Results— For all polymorphisms, genotype distribution was not significantly different from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The frequencies of the rare alleles were as follows:MMP3 −1612 5A>6A, 0.31 (95% CI, 0.25 to 0.39);IL6 −174 G>C, 0.20 (95% CI, 0.13 to 0.25); and HL −480 C>T, 0.45 (95% CI, 0.35 to 0.50). Carotid IMT in the sample was 0.78±0.18 mm. Subjects with the MMP3 genotype 6A6A had 8% greater mean carotid IMT than the other MMP3 genotypes combined (0.95±0.17 versus 0.87±0.15 mm;P =0.04). Subjects with the IL6 genotype GG had 11% greater IMT (0.85±0.17 versus 0.76±0.16 mm;P =0.03), and those with the HL genotype CC had 13% greater IMT (0.87±20 versus 0.76±0.18 mm;P =0.02) than the other genotypes combined. Adjustment for other risk factors did not change these associations. Conclusions— Carotid IMT is higher among subjects homozygous for functional variants in genes related to matrix deposition (MMP3 −16126A), inflammation (IL6 −174G), and lipid metabolism (HL −480C). These associations were independent of race-ethnicity and some environmental exposures. Further studies are needed to confirm these genotype-phenotype associations.
Zooplankton grazing and growth: Scaling within the 2–2,000‐µm body size range

In order to study the size dependency of grazing and growth rates in zooplankton, data wcrc collected from laboratory studies in the literature, covering both limnic and marinc organisms. Data were obtained from about 60 species of nano-, micro-, and mesozooplankton, representing flagellates, ciliates, rotifers, meroplankton larvae, copepods, and cladocerans. Estimates of maximum ingestion and clearance were extracted from functional responses (ingestion rates as a function of food density) cstablishcd from laboratory experiments. Maximum specific rates were expressed as a function of predator body volume. Maximum specific clearance and ingestion rates decreased with predator volume within each group of zooplankton, with a-common exponent (scaling factor) of -0.23 (SE = 20.12) in accordance with previous findings. However, significant differences wcrc found between groups. In particular, among the protists, ciliates display maximum ingestion, growth, and clearance rates that exceed those of dinoflagellates by a factor of 2-4. Among the metazooplankton, Calanoid copepods have maximum clearance rates that cxcccd those of filter-feeding cladocerans and meroplankton larvae by a factor of 10. Because of these differenccs between the groups, the entire set of observations could not be fitted by an overall regression.
First-Person Animal Activity Recognition from Egocentric Videos

This paper introduces the concept of first-person animal activity recognition, the problem of recognizing activities from a view-point of an animal (e.g., a dog). Similar to first-person activity recognition scenarios where humans wear cameras, our approach estimates activities performed by an animal wearing a camera. This enables monitoring and understanding of natural animal behaviors even when there are no people around them. Its applications include automated logging of animal behaviors for medical/biology experiments, monitoring of pets, and investigation of wildlife patterns. In this paper, we construct a new dataset composed of first-person animal videos obtained by mounting a camera on each of the four pet dogs. Our new dataset consists of 10 activities containing a heavy/fair amount of ego-motion. We implemented multiple baseline approaches to recognize activities from such videos while utilizing multiple types of global/local motion features. Animal ego-actions as well as human-animal interactions are recognized with the baseline approaches, and we discuss experimental results.
Modulation of Medium-Chain Fatty Acid Synthesis in Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 by Replacing FabH with a Chaetoceros Ketoacyl-ACP Synthase

The isolation or engineering of algal cells synthesizing high levels of medium-chain fatty acids (MCFAs) is attractive to mitigate the high clouding point of longer chain fatty acids in algal based biodiesel. To develop a more informed understanding of MCFA synthesis in photosynthetic microorganisms, we isolated several algae from Great Salt Lake and screened this collection for MCFA accumulation to identify strains naturally accumulating high levels of MCFA. A diatom, Chaetoceros sp. GSL56, accumulated particularly high levels of C14 (up to 40%), with the majority of C14 fatty acids allocated in triacylglycerols. Using whole cell transcriptome sequencing and de novo assembly, putative genes encoding fatty acid synthesis enzymes were identified. Enzymes from this Chaetoceros sp. were expressed in the cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 to validate gene function and to determine whether eukaryotic enzymes putatively lacking bacterial evolutionary control mechanisms could be used to improve MCFA production in this promising production strain. Replacement of the Synechococcus 7002 native FabH with a Chaetoceros ketoacyl-ACP synthase III increased MCFA synthesis up to fivefold. The level of increase is dependent on promoter strength and culturing conditions.
Developing Security Reputation Metrics for Hosting Providers

Research into cybercrime often points to concentrations of abuse at certain hosting providers. The implication is that these providers are worse in terms of security; some are considered 'bad' or even 'bullet proof'. Remarkably little work exists on systematically comparing the security performance of providers. Existing metrics typically count instances of abuse and sometimes normalize these counts by taking into account the advertised address space of the provider. None of these attempts have worked through the serious methodological challenges that plague metric design. In this paper we present a systematic approach for metrics development and identify the main challenges: (i) identification of providers, (ii) abuse data coverage and quality, (iii) normalization, (iv) aggregation and (v) metric interpretation. We describe a pragmatic approach to deal with these challenges. In the process, we answer an urgent question posed to us by the Dutch police: 'which are the worst providers in our jurisdiction? '. Notwithstanding their limitations, there is a clear need for security metrics for hosting providers in the fight against cybercrime.
Immunoglobulin G3 blocking antibodies to the fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans

Vaccination and infection can elicit protective and nonprotective antibodies to the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans in mice. The effect of nonprotective antibodies on host defense is unknown. In this study we used mixtures of protective and nonprotective monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to determine if nonprotective mAbs blocked the activity of the protective mAbs. Antibody isotype and epitope specificity are important in determining the ability to prolong survival in mice given a lethal C. neoformans infection. Three different nonprotective immunoglobulin (Ig) G23 mAbs to cryptococcal capsular polysaccharide were used to study the interaction between the IgG3 isotype and protective IgG1 and IgG2a mAbs in murine cryptococcal infection. One IgG3 mAb reduced the protective efficacy of an IgG1 with identical epitope specificity. A second IgG3 mAb with different epitope specificity also reduced the protection provided by the IgG1 mAb. The protective efficacy of an IgG2a mAb was also dramatically decreased by still another IgG3 mAb. To our knowledge this is the first report of blocking antibodies to a fungal pathogen. The results have important implications for the development of vaccines and passive antibody therapy against C. neoformans.
Anonymous attribute-based encryption supporting efficient decryption test

Attribute-based encryption (ABE) has been widely studied recently to support fine-grained access control of shared data. Anonymous ABE, which is a relevant notion to ABE, further hides the receivers' attribute information in ciphertexts because many attributes are sensitive and related to the identity of eligible users. However, in existing anonymous ABE work, a user knows whether the attributes and the policy match or not only after repeating decryption attempts. And, the computation overhead of each decryption is high as the computational cost grows with the complexity of the access formula, which usually requires many pairings in most of the existing ABE schemes. As a result, this direct decryption method in anonymous ABE will suffer a severe efficiency drawback. Aiming at tackling the challenge above, we propose a novel technique called match-then-decrypt, in which a matching phase is additionally introduced before the decryption phase. This technique works by computing special components in ciphertexts, which are used to perform the test that if the attribute private key matches the hidden attributes policy in ciphertexts without decryption. In our proposed construction, the computation cost of such a test is much less than one decryption operation. The proposed construction is proven to be secure. In addition, the results in simulation experiments indicate that the proposed solution is efficient and practical, which greatly improves the efficiency of decryption in anonymous ABE.
Personalized time-aware tweets summarization

We focus on the problem of selecting meaningful tweets given a user's interests; the dynamic nature of user interests, the sheer volume, and the sparseness of individual messages make this an challenging problem. Specifically, we consider the task of time-aware tweets summarization, based on a user's history and collaborative social influences from ``social circles. '' We propose a time-aware user behavior model, the Tweet Propagation Model (TPM), in which we infer dynamic probabilistic distributions over interests and topics. We then explicitly consider novelty, coverage, and diversity to arrive at an iterative optimization algorithm for selecting tweets. Experimental results validate the effectiveness of our personalized time-aware tweets summarization method based on TPM.