Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DSRC-Type Communication System for Realizing Telematics Services

The decisive factor for the popularization of telematics services in the future is the ability to produce advanced services that match the needs of drivers and passengers. The Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC)type of wireless communication system, which is being developed for the Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS), is one of the broadband wireless systems contributing to the improvement of driver and passenger needs, such as convenience, entertainment, comfort and safety. In this paper, the possibility of applying this system to telematics services will be explored. Further, a description of the future prospects for ubiquitous networking will be provided, in the knowledge that the existence of information communication equipment mounted vehicles will remain.
Monte Carlo Simulations of Prompt-Gamma Emission During Carbon Ion Irradiation

Monte Carlo simulations based on the Geant4 toolkit (version 9.1) were performed to study the emission of secondary prompt-gamma rays produced by nuclear reactions during carbon ion-beam therapy. These simulations were performed along with an experimental program and instrumentation developments which aim at designing a prompt-gamma ray device for real-time control of hadrontherapy. The objective of the present study is twofold: firstly, to present the features of the prompt-gamma radiation in the case of carbon ion irradiation; secondly, to simulate the experimental setup and to compare measured and simulated counting rates corresponding to four different experiments. For each experiment, we found that simulations overestimate prompt-gamma ray detection yields by a factor of 12. Uncertainties in fragmentation cross sections and binary cascade model cannot explain such discrepancies. The so-called “photon evaporation” model is therefore questionable and its modification is currently in progress.
Efficient recognition of protein fold at low sequence identity by conservative application of Psi‐BLAST: application

Based on a study involving structural comparisons of proteins sharing 25% or less sequence identity, three rounds of Psi‐BLAST appear capable of identifying remote evolutionary homologs with greater than 95% confidence provided that more than 50% of the query sequence can be aligned with the target sequence. Since it seems that more than 80% of all homologous protein pairs may be characterized by a lack of significant sequence similarity, the experimental biologist is often confronted with a lack of guidance from conventional homology searches involving pair‐wise sequence comparisons. The ability to disregard levels of sequence identity and expect value in Psi‐BLAST if at least 50% of the query sequence has been aligned allows for generation of new hypotheses by consideration of matches that are conventionally disregarded. In one example, we suggest a possible evolutionary linkage between the cupredoxin and immunoglobulin fold families. A thermostable hypothetical protein of unknown function may be a circularly permuted homolog to phosphotriesterase, an enzyme capable of detoxifying organophosphate nerve agents. In a third example, the amino acid sequence of another hypothetical protein of unknown function reveals the ATP binding‐site, metal binding site, and catalytic sidechain consistent with kinase activity of unknown specificity. This approach significantly expands the utility of existing sequence data to define the primary structure degeneracy of binding sites for substrates, cofactors and other proteins. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Maternal methyl supplemented diets and effects on offspring health

Women seeking to become pregnant and pregnant women are currently advised to consume high amounts of folic acid and other methyl donors to prevent neural tube defects in their offspring. These diets can alter methylation patterns of several biomolecules, including nucleic acids, and histone proteins. Limited animal model data suggests that developmental exposure to these maternal methyl supplemented (MS) diets leads to beneficial epimutations. However, other rodent and humans studies have yielded opposing findings with such diets leading to promiscuous epimutations that are likely associated with negative health outcomes. Conflict exists to whether these maternal diets are preventative or exacerbate the risk for Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in children. This review will discuss the findings to date on the potential beneficial and aversive effects of maternal MS diets. We will also consider how other factors might influence the effects of MS diets. Current data suggest that there is cause for concern as maternal MS diets may lead to epimutations that underpin various diseases, including neurobehavioral disorders. Further studies are needed to explore the comprehensive effects maternal MS diets have on the offspring epigenome and subsequent overall health.
Comparison of Maintenance Cost, Labor Demands, and System Performance for LID and Conventional Stormwater Management

The perception of the maintenance demands of Low Impact Development (LID) systems represents a significant barrier to the acceptance of LID technologies. Despite the increasing use of LID over the past two decades, stormwater managers still have minimal documentation in regards to the frequency, intensity, and costs associated with LID operations and maintenance. Due to increasing requirements for more effective treatment of runoff and the proliferation of total maximum daily load (TMDL) requirements, there is greater need for more documented maintenance information for planning and implementation of stormwater control measures (SCMs). This study examined seven different types of SCMs for the first 2-4 years of operations and studied maintenance demands in the context of personnel hours, costs, and system pollutant removal. The systems were located at a field facility designed to distribute stormwater in parallel, in order to normalize watershed characteristics including pollutant loading, sizing, and rainfall. System maintenance demand was tracked for each system and included materials, labor, activities, maintenance type, and complexity. Annualized maintenance costs ranged from $2,280/ha/yr for a vegetated swale to $7830/ha/yr for a wet pond. In terms of mass pollutant load reductions, marginal maintenance costs ranged from $4-$8 per kg/yr TSS removed
Epidemiological features of childhood cancers in greater Mumbai.

An extensive epidemiological assessment was carried out on childhood cancers for incidence as well as mortality by age sex and histology using data collected from the Mumbai cancer registry for the latest 5 years (1993-97). Findings revealed that during the 5-year period a total of 1330 children (814 boys and 516 girls) with various cancers were registered in Mumbai. About 36% of children suffering from various cancers were found to be below 5 years of age. On analyzing the percentage of cases diagnosed before death by method of diagnosis employed it was observed that more than 94% cases were confirmed microscopically and < 2% cases were diagnosed clinically. The total crude incidence rates per 100000 populations were 10.0 for males and 6.8 for females. The study also found that leukemia showed the highest incidence rate accounting for between 25-35% of total malignancies followed by central nervous system tumors in both the sexes. Male preponderance was observed at all sites and was most marked in the leukemia and lymphomas.
Additional acceleration of solar-wind particles in current sheets of the heliosphere

Abstract. Particles of fast solar wind in the vicinity of the heliospheric current sheet (HCS) or in a front of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) often reveal very peculiar energy or velocity profiles, density distributions with double or triple peaks, and well-defined streams of electrons occurring around or far away from these events. In order to interpret the parameters of energetic particles (both ions and electrons) measured by the WIND spacecraft during the HCS crossings, a comparison of the data was carried out with 3-D particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations for the relevant magnetic topology (Zharkova and Khabarova, 2012). The simulations showed that all the observed particle-energy distributions, densities, ion peak velocities, electron pitch angles and directivities can be fitted with the same model if the heliospheric current sheet is in a status of continuous magnetic reconnection. In this paper we present further observations of the solar-wind particles being accelerated to rather higher energies while passing through the HCS and the evidence that this acceleration happens well before the appearance of the corotating interacting region (CIR), which passes through the spacecraft position hours later. We show that the measured particle characteristics (ion velocity, electron pitch angles and the distance at which electrons are turned from the HCS) are in agreement with the simulations of additional particle acceleration in a reconnecting HCS with a strong guiding field as measured by WIND. A few examples are also presented showing additional acceleration of solar-wind particles during their passage through current sheets formed in a front of ICMEs. This additional acceleration at the ICME current sheets can explain the anticorrelation of ion and electron fluxes frequently observed around the ICME's leading front. Furthermore, it may provide a plausible explanation of the appearance of bidirectional "strahls" (field-aligned most energetic suprathermal electrons) at the leading edge of ICMEs as energetic electrons generated during a magnetic reconnection at the ICME-front current sheet.
Writing Acceptable Patches: An Empirical Study of Open Source Project Patches

Software developers submit patches to handle tens or even hundreds of bugs reported daily. However, not all submitted patches can be directly integrated into the code base, since they might not pass patch review that is adopted in most software projects. As the result of patch review, incoming patches can be rejected or asked for resubmission after improvement. Both scenarios interrupt the workflow of patch writers and reviewers, increase their workload, and potentially delay the general development process. In this paper, we aim to help developers write acceptable patches to avoid patch rejection and resubmission. To this end, we derive a comprehensive list of patch rejection reasons from a manual inspection of 300 rejected Eclipse and Mozilla patches, a large-scale online survey of Eclipse and Mozilla developers, and the literature. We also investigate which patch-rejection reasons are more decisive and which are difficult to judge from the perspective of patch reviewers. Our findings include 1) suboptimal solution and incomplete fix are the most frequent patch-rejection reasons 2) whether a patch introduces new bugs is very important yet very difficult to judge 3) reviewers reject a large patch not solely because of its size, but mainly because of the underlying reasons that induce its large size, such as the involvement of unnecessary changes 4) reviewers consider certain problems to be much more destructive than patch writers expect, such as the inconsistency of documentation in a patch and 5) bad timing of patch submission and a lack of communication with team members can also result in a negative patch review.
The RNA Chaperone Hfq Impacts Growth, Metabolism and Production of Virulence Factors in Yersinia enterocolitica

To adapt to changes in environmental conditions, bacteria regulate their gene expression at the transcriptional but also at the post-transcriptional level, e.g. by small RNAs (sRNAs) which modulate mRNA stability and translation. The conserved RNA chaperone Hfq mediates the interaction of many sRNAs with their target mRNAs, thereby playing a global role in fine-tuning protein production. In this study, we investigated the significance of Hfq for the enteropathogen Yersina enterocolitica serotype O:8. Hfq facilitated optimal growth in complex and minimal media. Our comparative protein analysis of parental and hfq-negative strains suggested that Hfq promotes lipid metabolism and transport, cell redox homeostasis, mRNA translation and ATP synthesis, and negatively affects carbon and nitrogen metabolism, transport of siderophore and peptides and tRNA synthesis. Accordingly, biochemical tests indicated that Hfq represses ornithine decarboxylase activity, indole production and utilization of glucose, mannitol, inositol and 1,2-propanediol. Moreover, Hfq repressed production of the siderophore yersiniabactin and its outer membrane receptor FyuA. In contrast, hfq mutants exhibited reduced urease production. Finally, strains lacking hfq were more susceptible to acidic pH and oxidative stress. Unlike previous reports in other Gram-negative bacteria, Hfq was dispensable for type III secretion encoded by the virulence plasmid. Using a chromosomally encoded FLAG-tagged Hfq, we observed increased production of Hfq-FLAG in late exponential and stationary phases. Overall, Hfq has a profound effect on metabolism, resistance to stress and modulates the production of two virulence factors in Y. enterocolitica, namely urease and yersiniabactin.
Using Music as a Background for Reading: An Exploratory Study

Many models of reading suggest that comprehension processes depend on the interaction among key internal and external variables. Although the reader and the text represent the most critical of these variables, secondary factors like the reading setting can also influence the way individuals interpret text (Carey, Harste, and Smith, 1981). The research reported here examines one aspect of the reading setting auditory background. Intermediate level students were exposed to three auditory backgrounds while reading (no music, classical music, and rock music), and their subsequent comprehension performance was measured. The classical music condi-
Fast Local Computation Algorithms

For input x, let F(x) denote the set of outputs that are the “legal” answers for a co mputational problem F . Suppose x and members of F(x) are so large that there is not time to read them in their entirety. We propose a model of local computation algorithmswhich for a given input x, support queries by a user to values of specified locations yi in a legal output y ∈ F(x). When more than one legal output y exists for a given x, the local computation algorithm should output in a way that is consistent with at least one such y. Local computation algorithms are intended to distill the c ommon features of several concepts that have appeared in various algorithmic subfield s, including local distributed computation, local algorithms, locally decodable codes, and local reconstruction. We develop a technique, based on known constructions of small sample spaces ofk-wise independent random variables and Beck’s analysis in his algorithmic app roach to the Lovasz Local Lemma, which under certain conditions can be applied to construct local computation algorithms that run in polylogarithmic time and space. We apply this technique to maximal independent set computations, scheduling radio network broadcasts, hypergraph coloring and satisfying k-SAT formulas.
Using the plastic wastes in fabrication of composite materials for different applications

This study suggests using the recycled plastic waste to prepare the polymer matrix composite (PMCs) to use in different applications. Composite materials were prepared by mixing the polyester resin (UP) with plastic waste, two types of plastic waste were used in this work included polyethylene-terephthalate (PET) and Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with varies weight fractions (0, 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 %) added as a filler in flakes form. Charpy impact test was performed on the prepared samples to calculate the values of impact strength (I.S). Flexural and hardness tests were carried out to calculate the values of flexural strength and hardness. Acoustic insulation and optical microscope tests were carried out. In general, it is found that UP/PVC composite exhibit the optimum values compared to UP/PET composite in all properties under test. From the experimental results, it can be concluded that the prepared composites from the waste could be utilized as precast or partitions inside the buildings with improved mechanical properties
Plasma triglyceride and high density lipoprotein cholesterol as predictors of ischaemic heart disease in British men

Objective—To assess the roles of plasma triglyceride and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations in predicting ischaemic heart disease. Design—Two prospective cohort studies with common core protocols. Setting and participants—Both cohorts are 100% samples of middle aged men. In Caerphilly the 2512 men were living within a defined area. In Speedwell the 2348 men were registered with local general practitioners. Main outcome measures—Fasting blood samples were taken at initial examination and plasma lipid concentrations were measured. Major ischaemic heart disease events were assessed from hospital notes, death certificates, and electrocardiograms. Results—At first follow up, after an average of 5·1 years in Caerphilly and 3·2 years in Speedwell, 251 major ischaemic heart disease events had occurred. Men with triglyceride concentrations in the top 20% of the distribution had a relative odds value for ischaemic heart disease of 2·3 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1·3 to 4·1) compared with men in the bottom 20%, after adjusting for both plasma total and HDL cholesterol, and non-lipid risk factors. Men in the lowest 20% of the distribution of HDL cholesterol concentration had a relative odds value of 1·7 (95% CI 1·0 to 2·8) compared with the top 20%, after adjustment was made for total cholesterol and triglyceride concentrations, and non-lipid risk factors. These relations were not caused by β blockers, which were being taken by 5% of the men. Conclusions—Plasma triglyceride concentration predicts major ischaemic events after allowance is made for total and HDL cholesterol concentrations and other risk factors. In these populations, triglyceride is a more important predictor than total cholesterol concentration.
Performance analysis of network-assisted two-hop D2D communications

Network-assisted single-hop device-to-device (D2D) communication can increase the spectral and energy efficiency of cellular networks by taking advantage of the proximity, reuse, and hop gains. In this paper we argue that D2D technology can be used to further increase the spectral and energy efficiency if the key D2D radio resource management algorithms are suitably extended to support network assisted multi-hop D2D communications. Specifically we propose a novel, distributed utility maximizing D2D power control (PC) scheme that is able to balance spectral and energy efficiency while taking into account mode selection and resource allocation constraints that are important in the integrated cellular-D2D environment. Our analysis and numerical results indicate that multi-hop D2D communications combined with the proposed PC scheme can be useful not only for harvesting the potential gains previously identified in the literature, but also for extending the coverage of cellular networks.
Full-day Versus Half-day Kindergarten: An Experimental Study.

This study examined differences between 326 students enrolled in a full-day kindergarten program and 311 students in a half-day program. Data were obtained from six measures of academic achievement from the California Achievement Tests, administered in the spring. Results indicated no significant differences between the two groups on four measures of academic achievement--visual recognition, sound recognition, vocabulary, and language expression. Significant differences were found on two scores, comprehension and mathematics concepts and applications. Further analysis determined that the difference in comprehension scores was due to girls in the half-day program scoring higher than boys in the full-day program and could not be attributed to differences in the programs. The difference in mathematics concepts and applications scores was due to boys'in the full-day program significantly outscoring boys in the half-day program. (Includes 23 references.) (MUM) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. ***********************************************************************
Assistant-based mobile supply chain management

This paper describes our approach for changing the way supply chain management is performed today. We aim to support human interactors with software assistants which will perform most of the tedious tasks like negotiating on new contracts, handling and altering production workflows or managing the stock. Additionally, our assistants will have the ability to move from one machine to another allowing a more flexible transfer of information and new ways for handling specific tasks. The owner of those assistants can be informed at any time by allowing its representative to move back to his notebook, PDA or mobile phone and presenting some results. Or the assistant may ask for advice in case of an error
Visual Forecasting by Imitating Dynamics in Natural Sequences

We introduce a general framework for visual forecasting, which directly imitates visual sequences without additional supervision. As a result, our model can be applied at several semantic levels and does not require any domain knowledge or handcrafted features. We achieve this by formulating visual forecasting as an inverse reinforcement learning (IRL) problem, and directly imitate the dynamics in natural sequences from their raw pixel values. The key challenge is the high-dimensional and continuous state-action space that prohibits the application of previous IRL algorithms. We address this computational bottleneck by extending recent progress in model-free imitation with trainable deep feature representations, which (1) bypasses the exhaustive state-action pair visits in dynamic programming by using a dual formulation and (2) avoids explicit state sampling at gradient computation using a deep feature reparametrization. This allows us to apply IRL at scale and directly imitate the dynamics in high-dimensional continuous visual sequences from the raw pixel values. We evaluate our approach at three different level-of-abstraction, from low level pixels to higher level semantics: future frame generation, action anticipation, visual story forecasting. At all levels, our approach outperforms existing methods.