Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Facile Room Temperature Routes to Improve Performance of IGZO Thin-Film Transistors by an Ultrathin Al2O3 Passivation Layer

Although oxide thin-film transistors (TFTs) have drawn great interests in flexible displays, a key obstacle is the requirement of high-temperature annealing to realized mobility>10 cm<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{2}/\text {V}\cdot \text {s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. In this paper, a fully room-temperature strategy, involving the deposition of ~10 nm In–Ga–Zn–O (IGZO) channel layer and ~4 nm Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> passivation layer, is introduced. The as-prepared flexible TFT on polymide substrate exhibits a saturation mobility of 15.3 cm<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$^{2}/\text {V}\cdot \text {s}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$V_{{\text {th}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> of 3.08 V, and on/off current ratio of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$2.3\times 10^{{\text {7}}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. Thickness-dependent analysis indicates that the interface between Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and IGZO is composed of negative O-rich layer, which impel the energy band bending inside the IGZO layers and release of electrons from traps. This paper opens up a route to achieve fully room-temperature fabrication of high-performance flexible TFT.
Adaptive Equipment: Its Effectiveness for People with Chronic Lower Back Pain

C hronic non-malignant pain and disability are staggering problems in terms of both human suffering and economic loss. At least 75 million Americans suffer from some kind of chronic pain (Brena, 1983). Each year a minimum of 3.5 million workers sustain lost-time injuries and receive workers' compensation benefits ("Claimant Satisfaction," 1987). Individuals suffering from long-term pain and disability complaints present a challenge to the health professional because of the variety of probable physical (e.g., high medication use, deconditioning), emotional (e.g., depression, anxiety), and social (e.g., decreased community involvement) consequences. Often the person with intractable pain and disability is instructed by health care providers to "live with it," yet given very little guidance on how to go about doing just that. The manuscript by Tyson and Strong attempts to provide effective information on how to "live with it" while striving for pain reduction and increased independence in physical daily living skills. The word "pain" refers to an endless variety of qualities that are categorized under a single linguistic label (Melzack, 1975). This label has been used by observers, including the pain sufferer, to describe relevant phenomena examined or experienced. Both the phenomena and the concepts used to describe or explain pain may vary, according to the particular circumstances of the observer (Fordyce, 1976). Pain has typically been conceptualized as a neurophysiological event that involves a complex pattern of complaints of subjective distress and
Comparison of anterior segment parameters between the acute primary angle closure eye and the fellow eye.

PURPOSE To investigate features of the anterior segment (AS) of the affected eye compared to the fellow eye within the same patient in acute primary angle closure (APAC). METHODS Thirty-six patients with unilateral APAC were imaged with AS optical coherence tomography (OCT) before medical or laser treatment for the acute attack. Anterior chamber depth (ACD), iris curvature (IC), iris thickness at 750 μm from the scleral spur (IT750), lens vault (LV), anterior chamber area (ACA), and iris area were estimated by using ImageJ software (version 1.46). Conditional logistic regression analysis was performed to find the associated factors with the prediction of APAC. RESULTS When compared to fellow eyes, affected eyes showed significantly shallower ACD (1.90 ± 0.24 and 1.55 ± 0.30 mm, respectively; P < 0.001), smaller ACA (12.96 ± 2.38 and 10.41 ± 2.34 mm(2), respectively; P < 0.001), and greater LV (1.06 ± 0.31 and 1.26 ± 0.36 mm, respectively; P = 0.017). Less IC (odds ratio [OR]*100: 0.935 [95% confidence interval: 0.894, 0.979], P = 0.004) and IT750 (OR*100: 0.904 [0.8294, 0.987], P = 0.024), greater central corneal thickness (OR*100: 2.100 [1.245, 3.542], P = 0.005), greater LV (OR: 66.7 [2.529, 1761.3], P = 0.012), less ACA (OR: 0.386 [0.193, 0.774], P = 0.007), and less ACD (OR*100: 0.912 [0.855, 0.972], P = 0.005) were significantly associated with prediction of APAC. CONCLUSIONS Greater LV was the most prominent feature of affected eyes compared to fellow eyes in APAC patients when assessed by AS OCT. This may play a role in the development of acute attack in primary angle closure.
Visual acuity as measured by dynamic and static tests: a comparative evaluation.

In order to provide, for the 1st time, definitive information on the relationship between static visual acuity and acuity for a moving target (dynamic visual acuity), both types of acuity were measured for 17,500 Ss, ages 16-92. The results show: (a) acuity declines progressively with both increasing speed of target movement and advancing age, (b) males have consistently better acuity (both static and dynamic) than females, and (c) high intercorrelations exist between the static and dynamic tests, these correlations decreasing with increasing speed of target movement. These findings are presented primarily for their value in providing normative data to other researchers. Additional research is suggested to explain some of the relationships obtained in the study. (A)
Noninvasive Estimation of the Electrohysterographic Action-Potential Conduction Velocity

Electrophysiological monitoring of the fetal-heart and the uterine-muscle activity, referred to as an electrohysterogram, is essential to permit timely treatment during pregnancy. While remarkable progress is reported for fetal-cardiac-activity monitoring, the electrohysterographic (EHG) measurement and interpretation remain challenging. In particular, little attention has been paid to the analysis of the EHG propagation, whose characteristics might be predictive of the preterm delivery. Therefore, this paper focuses, for the first time, on the noninvasive estimation of the conduction velocity of the EHG-action potentials. To this end, multichannel EHG recording and surface high-density electrodes are used. A maximum-likelihood method is employed for analyzing the EHG-action-potential propagation in two dimensions. The use of different weighting strategies of the derived cost function is introduced to deal with the poor signal similarity between different channels. The presented methods were evaluated by specific simulations proving the best weighting strategy to lead to an accuracy improvement of 56.7%. EHG measurements on ten women with uterine contractions confirmed the feasibility of the method by leading to conduction velocity values within the expected physiological range.
ABCG2 (BCRP) expression in normal and malignant hematopoietic cells

ABCG2 (BCRP) is a member of the ATP‐binding cassette (ABC) family of cell surface transport proteins. ABCG2 expression occurs in a variety of normal tissues, and is relatively limited to primitive stem cells. ABCG2 expression is associated with the side population (SP) phenotype of Hoechst 33342 efflux. The substrate profile of ABCG2 includes the antineoplastic drugs primarily targeting topoisomerases, including anthracyclines and camptothecins. More recently, pheophorbide, a chlorophyll‐breakdown product, and protoporhyrin IX have been described as ABCG2 substrates, perhaps indicating a physiologic role of cytoprotection of primitive cells. Also, mice lacking ABCG2 expression have no intrinsic stem cell defects, although there is a remarkable increase in toxicity with antineoplastic drugs that are ABCG2 substrates, and also a photosensitivity resembling protoporphyria. Like other members of the ABC family, such as MDR1 and MRP1, ABCG2 is expressed in a variety of malignancies. Despite numerous reports of ABCG2 expression in AML, there is little evidence that ABCG2 expression is correlated with an adverse clinical outcome. This review will focus on the potential usefulness of ABCG2 as a marker primitive stem cells and possible physiologic roles of ABCG2 in protection of primitive stem cell populations, and potential methods of overcoming ABCG2‐associated drug resistance in anticancer therapy. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Social Skills, Friendship and Happiness: A Cross-Cultural Investigation

ABSTRACT The present study investigated the associations between social skills, friendship quality, and happiness, and tested a mediational model positing that friendship quality would mediate the relationship between social skills and happiness among American and Malaysian college students. Although American students reported significantly higher levels of psychosocial well-being than Malaysian students, the study variables were positively associated with each other in both cultures. More importantly, findings supported the proposed model in both groups. Results suggest that part of the reason why social skills are associated with positive psychological well-being is because of friendship experiences. Overall, the findings of the present study reinforce, extend and cross-culturally generalize the presumed benefits of social skills in positive well-being elaborated by Segrin and Taylor (2007). The authors also provided suggestions for future research.
Prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis Genotypes in Men Who Have Sex with Men and Men Who Have Sex with Women Using Multilocus VNTR Analysis-ompA Typing in Guangzhou, China

Background Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection in China. Although C. trachomatis genotypes can be discriminated by outer membrane protein gene (ompA) sequencing, currently available methods have limited resolutions. This study used a high-resolution genotyping method, namely, multilocus variable number tandem-repeat analysis with ompA sequencing (MLVA)-ompA, to investigate the local epidemiology of C. trachomatis infections among men who have sex with men (MSM) and men who have sex with women (MSW) attending a sexually transmitted diseases (STD) clinic in Guangzhou, China. Methods Rectal specimens from MSM and urethral specimens from MSW were collected between January 2013 and July 2014 at the Guangdong Provincial Center STD clinic. The specimens were sent to the laboratory for analyses. All specimens that were tested positive for C. trachomatis by the commercial nucleic acid amplification tests were genotyped by MLVA-ompA. Results Fifty-one rectal specimens from MSM and 96 urethral specimens from MSW were identified with C. trachomatis. One hundred and forty-four of the 147 specimens were fully genotyped by MLVA-ompA. Rectal specimens from MSM were divided into four ompA genotypes and urethral specimens from MSW into nine genotypes. No mixed infections were found among all specimens. The most frequent genotypes were D, G, J, E and F. All specimens were further divided into 46 types after ompA genotyping was combined with MLVA. Genotypes D-8.7. 1 and G-3.4a. 3 were the most frequent among MSM, whereas genotypes D-3.4a. 4, E-8.5. 1, F-8.5. 1, and J-3.4a. 2 were the most frequent subtypes among MSW. The discriminatory index D was 0.90 for MLVA, 0.85 for ompA, and 0.95 for MLVA-ompA. Conclusions The most prevalent MLVA-ompA genotypes were significantly different between MSM and MSW from Guangzhou, China. Moreover, MLVA-ompA represented a more favorable degree of discrimination than ompA and could be a reliable complement for ompA for the routine subtypes of C. trachomatis.
Psychological Inclinations Associated with Adolescents’ Sexual Behavior: The Moderating Effect of Gender

Aims: The magnitude of the present day hetero-sexual behaviour can be traceable to several factors ranging from the developmental increase in height, size and weight to the high libido, lopsidedness in societal values, modem technology, and individual’s psychological dispositions. The study examined some psychological inclinations associated with adolescents’ sexual behavior among Nigerian adolescents. Also, the study investigated the effect of gender on psychological inclinations associated with adolescents’ sexual behavior. Methodology: 3000 randomly selected adolescents from the Senior Secondary School students in Original Research Article Olanrewaju and Bamidele; BJESBS, 6(1): 50-60, 2015; Article no.BJESBS. 2015.042 51 the 4 educational zones (Remo, Ijebu, Yewa & Egba) in Ogun State, Nigeria took part in the study. Two instruments were used for collection of data; Multidimensional Relationship Questionnaire and a self-developed questionnaire tagged “Sexual Relationship Behavior Inventory (SRBI)’. Results: Data collected were analyzed using descriptive analysis, Multiple Regression Analysis, and correlation coefficient statistical tools. Findings revealed no significant gender difference in adolescents’ sexual behavior (t = 1.791, p = .013) while a significant difference was observed in the level of psychological inclinations between male and female adolescents (t = 3.007, p = .000). A significant relationship was found between adolescents’ sexual behavior and psychological inclinations (r = .697; p = .000). Result also showed that 27.4 percent of the total variance in adolescents’ sexual behavior is accounted for by the combination of the psychological inclinations (F (12, 2948) = 18.704; P = . 021). Male adolescents were found to have higher quality of relational esteem, internal control, relational motivation, and relational satisfaction, while the female higher on relational preoccupation, consciousness, anxiety, assertiveness, depression, monitoring and fear. Conclusion: On the basis of the findings, it was suggested that adequate parent-child interpersonal relationship and active listening to teens’ languages and emotional concerns should be employed by the parents, if they are to assist their teens in building a viable sexual lives.
Hybrid Spintronic Structures With Magnetic Oxides and Heusler Alloys

Hybrid spintronic structures, integrating half-metallic magnetic oxides and Heusler alloys with their predicted high spin polarization, are important for the development of second-generation spintronics with high-efficient spin injection. We have synthesized epitaxial magnetic oxide Fe 3O 4 on GaAs(100) and the unit cell of the Fe3O4 was found to be rotated by 45deg to match the gallium arsenide GaAs. The films were found to have a bulk-like moment down to 3-4 nm and a low coercivity indicating a high-quality magnetic interface. The magnetization hysteresis loops of the ultrathin films are controlled by uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. The dynamic response of the sample shows a heavily damped precessional response to the applied field pulses. In the Heusler alloy system of Co2MnGa on GaAs, we found that the magnetic moment was reduced for thicknesses down to 10 nm, which may account for the lower than expected spin-injection efficiency from the spin-light-emitting diode structures. Using the element-specific technique of X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD), the reduced spin moments were found to originate from the Mn rather than the Co atoms, and the improvement of the interface is thus needed to increase the spin injection efficiency in this system. Further studies of the I-V characteristics of Fe3O4/GaAs(100) and Fe3O4/MgO/GaAs(100) show that the Fe3 O4 -based spintronic structures have a well-defined Schottky or tunneling barrier of moderate barrier height, which is encouraging for high-efficient spin injection.
ERS1 encodes a functional homologue of the human lysosomal cystine transporter

Cystinosis is a lysosomal storage disease caused by an accumulation of insoluble cystine in the lumen of the lysosome. CTNS encodes the lysosomal cystine transporter, mutations in which manifest as a range of disorders and are the most common cause of inherited renal Fanconi syndrome. Cystinosin, the CTNS product, is highly conserved among mammals. Here we show that the yeast Ers1 protein and cystinosin are functional orthologues, despite sharing only limited sequence homology. Ers1 is a vacuolar protein whose loss of function results in growth sensitivity to hygromycin B. This phenotype can be complemented by the human CTNS gene but not by mutant ctns alleles that were previously identified in cystinosis patients. A genetic screen for multicopy suppressors of an ers1Δ yeast strain identified a novel gene, MEH1, which is implicated in regulating Ers1 function. Meh1 localizes to the vacuolar membrane and loss of MEH1 results in a defect in vacuolar acidification, suggesting that the vacuolar environment is critical for normal ERS1 function. This genetic system has also led us to identify Gtr1 as an Meh1 interacting protein. Like Meh1 and Ers1, Gtr1 associates with vacuolar membranes in an Meh1‐dependent manner. These results demonstrate the utility of yeast as a model system for the study of CTNS and vacuolar function.
Exhaled markers of oxidative stress in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis

Background Expired breath condensate (EBC) has never been used to explore the level of oxidative stress in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Therefore, the aim of this study was to measure the levels of H2O2 and 8‐isoprostane, as biomarkers of oxidative stress, in the EBC of patients with IPF.
Emotion Comprehension in Intramodal and Cross-modal Matching: A Preliminary Comparison between Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders and Those With Williams Syndrome

Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) and Williams syndrome (WS) exhibit contrasting forms of emotion comprehension; however, few studies have directly compared the two. In this study, we directly compared six children with ASD, chronological age 3–7, with six children with WS, chronological ages ranging 4–11, but were matched with the ASD children in terms of developmental age. e children’s development of emotion comprehension was assessed by intramodal (visual stimulus–visual stimulus) and cross-modal (auditory stimulus–visual stimulus) matching. Facial expressions were used as visual stimuli, and a ective prosodies were used as auditory stimuli. Children with ASD were less accurate than those with WS on cross-modal matching, but equally accurate on intramodal matching. e results suggest that de cits in emotion comprehension among children with ASD may be related to di culties in understanding the relationship between auditory and visual stimuli and the de cits may be greater at younger ages.
Effect of Changes in Divine Proportion on Esthetic Perception of Smile in Frontal View

Objectives In orthognathic surgery, the surgeon is capable of creating new dimensions to the patient’s face. Because a beautiful smile could be related to the divine proportion, the purpose of the current study was to evaluate the changes in the perception of smile after approximating some components of smile to the divine proportion orthodontically or surgically. Material and Methods Ten 20- to 25-year-old women with pleasant smiles and no obvious malocclusions participated in this study. Five standard photographs were taken from each participant in a posed smile, and the most natural one was selected and scanned into black and white pictures. Ten anthropometric landmarks were detected on each image and 10 ratios including Labial inferioris (Li)/right chelion (RCh)-right antegonion (RAgo), subnasale (Sn)-Li/left chelion (LCh)-left antegonion (LAgo), RCh-RAgo/labial superioris (Ls)-Li, LCh-LAgo/Ls-Li, Ch-Ch/Ls-Li,stomion (St)-Sn/St-Li, the maxillary central incisor width/maxillary centralincisor height, Ls-right cuspid (RCus)/RCh-RCus, Ls-left cuspid (LCus)/LCh-LCus, and LCus-RCus/Ch-Ch were measured on each picture. The numerators or denominators of the mentioned ratios were then changed in a way that mentioned the divine proportion (1/1.618) was approximated. All the 110 pictures were evaluated by 40 judges in 2 sessions using a visual analog scale. Intraclass correlation coefficient was also calculated (single measure, 0.644; F = 26.27; P < 0.001). The level of significance for this study was P = 0.05. The tests used to analyze the data were general linear model, the Friedman, and Wilcoxon tests. Results This study showed that LCus-RCus/Ch-Ch, Ls-Lcus/LCh-Lcus, and Ls-RCus/RCh-RCus (with mean scores of 64.2, 57.2, and 56.1, respectively) had the most positive effects on the esthetic perception of smile. However, RCh-RAgo/Ls-Li with a mean score of 29.1 and LCh-LAgo/Ls-Li with a mean score of 24.5 had the mostnegative effects. There were significant differences among the variables with each other except for A0 to J0 and A6 to J6 (F = 450.6; P = 0.001). Conclusions Approximating the ratio RCus-LCus/Ch-Ch to the divine proportion may definitely help in achieving a more pleasant smile. On the next level, altering the ratios Ls-LCus/LCh-LCus and Ls-RCus/RCh-RCus could also play a role in making a beautiful smile.
LONG‐TERM SEIZURE CONTROL AFTER RESECTION OF SUPRATENTORIAL CAVERNOMAS: A RETROSPECTIVE SINGLE‐CENTER STUDY IN 53 PATIENTS

OBJECTIVEThe goal of this study was to examine the long-term outcomes of 53 epilepsy patients who were surgically treated for supratentorial cavernomas in a single-center study and to assess both the duration of epilepsy and the resection of the hemosiderin rim for their prognostic relevance during extended follow-up. METHODSFifty-three patients underwent microsurgical resection of radiologically diagnosed supratentorial cavernomas. For the outcome analysis, they were divided into 2 groups: Group A (33 patients) with a preoperative duration of epilepsy of less than 2 years, and Group B (20 patients) with a preoperative duration of epilepsy of 2 years or more. The natural history of the cavernomas, localization and size of the lesions, use of antiepileptic drugs, surgery timing, and technique (removal or not of the surrounding gliosis) were evaluated retrospectively. The outcome of epilepsy was based on Engel's classification and the International League Against Epilepsy classification. RESULTSAfter a mean follow-up period of 8.1 years, 45 (84.9%) of the 53 patients were free from disabling seizures (Engel Class I), including 37 patients (69.8%) who were completely free of postoperative seizures (Engel Class IA); 43 patients (81.1%) were categorized as International League Against Epilepsy Class 1. Outcome was statistically significantly improved in the patient subgroup of our study in which patients underwent a resection of the surrounding gliosis after a preoperative duration of epilepsy of less than 2 years (Group A). There was no mortality, and only minor postoperative neurological deficits occurred in 7.5% of patients. CONCLUSIONIn a long-term follow-up period, 84.9% of the patients in the study could be evaluated as Engel Class I. The analysis of outcome showed that patients benefited significantly from early surgery and excision of the hemosiderin rim.