Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Improved schemes for asymptotically optimal repair of MDS codes

An (n, k, l) MDS code of length n, dimension k and sub-packetization l over a finite field F is a set of n symbol vectors of length l over F with the property that any k vector can recover the entire data of kl symbols. When a node fails we can recover it by downloading symbols from the surviving nodes, and the total number of symbols downloaded in th worst case is the repair bandwidth of the code. By the cut-se bound, the repair bandwidth of an (n, k, l) MDS code is at leas (n − 1)l/(n − k). There are several constructions of (n, k, l) MDS codes whose repair bandwidths meet or asymptotically meet the cut-se bound. Letting r = n − k denote the number of parities Ye and Barg constructed (n, k, r<sup>n</sup>) Reed-Solomon codes the asymptotically meet the cut-set bound. Ye and Barg also constructed optimal bandwidth and optimal update (n, k, r<sup>n</sup> MDS codes. A key idea in these constructions is to expand integers in base r. We show in this paper that, when r is an integral power, w can significantly reduce the sub-packetization of the Ye-Barg constructions while achieving asymptotically optimal repair bandwidth. As an example, when r = 2<sup>m</sup>, we achieve the sub-packetization of 2<sup>m+n−1</sup>, which improves upon the sub packetization of 2<sup>mn</sup> in the Ye-Barg constructions. In general when r = s<sup>m</sup> for an integer s  2, our codes have sub packetization l = s<sup>m+n−1</sup> = rs<sup>n−1</sup>. Specifically, in the casi r = s<sup>m</sup>, we obtain an (n, k, s<sup>m+n=1</sup>) Reed-Solomon code an an optimal update (n, k, s<sup>m+n−1</sup>) MDS code, which both have asymptotically optimal repair bandwidth. In order to obtain these results, we extend and generalize the r-ary expansion idea in the Ye-Barg constructions. Even when r is not an integral power, we can still obtain (n, k, s<sup>m+n−1</sup>) Reed-Solomon codes and optimal update (n, k, s<sup>m+n−1</sup>) MDS codes by choosing positive integers s an m such that s<sup>m</sup>  r. In this case, however, the resulting codes have bandwidth that is near-optimal rather than asymptotically optimal.
Robust Real-time Object Detection

This paper describes a visual object detection framework that is capable of processing images extremely rapidly while achieving high detection rates. There are three key contributions. The first is the introduction of a new image representation called the “Integral Image” which allows the features used by our detector to be computed very quickly. The second is a learning algorithm, based on AdaBoost, which selects a small number of critical visual features and yields extremely efficient classifiers [4]. The third contribution is a method for combining classifiers in a “cascade” which allows background regions of the image to be quickly discarded while spending more computation on promising object-like regions. A set of experiments in the domain of face detection are presented. The system yields face detection performance comparable to the best previous systems [16, 11, 14, 10, 1]. Implemented on a conventional desktop, face detection proceeds at 15 frames per second. Author email: fPaul.Viola,Mike.J.Jonesg@compaq.com c Compaq Computer Corporation, 2001 This work may not be copied or reproduced in whole or in part for any commercial purpose. Permission to copy in whole or in part without payment of fee is granted for nonprofit educational and research purposes provided that all such whole or partial copies include the following: a notice that such copying is by permission of the Cambridge Research Laboratory of Compaq Computer Corporation in Cambridge, Massachusetts; an acknowledgment of the authors and individual contributors to the work; and all applicable portions of the copyright notice. Copying, reproducing, or republishing for any other purpose shall require a license with payment of fee to the Cambridge Research Laboratory. All rights reserved. CRL Technical reports are available on the CRL’s web page at http://crl.research. compaq.com. Compaq Computer Corporation Cambridge Research Laboratory One Cambridge Center Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142 USA
Comparison of PCR for Sputum Samples Obtained by Induced Cough and Serological Tests for Diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection in Children

ABSTRACT Passive agglutination (PA) and immunoglobulin M (IgM), IgA, and IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae were compared with PCR testing of sputum samples obtained from children with lower respiratory tract infections. The sensitivity and specificity of PA were 80.3% and 92.3% at a titer of 1:80. ELISA was found to be less sensitive than PA.
Gene therapy for retinitis pigmentosa and Leber congenital amaurosis caused by defects in AIPL1: effective rescue of mouse models of partial and complete Aipl1 deficiency using AAV2/2 and AAV2/8 vectors.

Defects in the photoreceptor-specific gene encoding aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein-like 1 (AIPL1) are clinically heterogeneous and present as Leber Congenital Amaurosis, the severest form of early-onset retinal dystrophy and milder forms of retinal dystrophies such as juvenile retinitis pigmentosa and dominant cone-rod dystrophy. [Perrault, I. , Rozet, J.M. , Gerber, S. , Ghazi, I. , Leowski, C. , Ducroq, D. , Souied, E. , Dufier, J.L. , Munnich, A. and Kaplan, J. (1999) Leber congenital amaurosis. Mol. Genet. Metab. , 68, 200-208. ] Although not yet fully elucidated, AIPL1 is likely to function as a specialized chaperone for rod phosphodiesterase (PDE). We evaluate whether AAV-mediated gene replacement therapy is able to improve photoreceptor function and survival in retinal degeneration associated with AIPL1 defects. We used two mouse models of AIPL1 deficiency simulating three different rates of photoreceptor degeneration. The Aipl1 hypomorphic (h/h) mouse has reduced Aipl1 levels and a relatively slow degeneration. Under light acceleration, the rate of degeneration in the Aipl1 h/h mouse is increased by 2-3-fold. The Aipl1-/- mouse has no functional Aipl1 and has a very rapid retinal degeneration. To treat the different rates of degeneration, two pseudotypes of recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) exhibiting different transduction kinetics are used for gene transfer. We demonstrate restoration of cellular function and preservation of photoreceptor cells and retinal function in Aipl1 h/h mice following gene replacement therapy using an AAV2/2 vector and in the light accelerated Aipl1 h/h model and Aipl1-/- mice using an AAV2/8 vector. We have thus established the potential of gene replacement therapy in varying rates of degeneration that reflect the clinical spectrum of disease. This is the first gene replacement study to report long-term rescue of a photoreceptor-specific defect and to demonstrate effective rescue of a rapid photoreceptor degeneration.
Bioactive Benzofuran Derivatives from Cortex Mori Radicis, and Their Neuroprotective and Analgesic Activities Mediated by mGluR1

Four new benzofuran-type stilbene glycosides and 14 known compounds including 8 benzofuran-type stilbenes and 6 flavonoids were isolated from the traditional Chinese medicine, Cortex Mori Radicis. The new compounds were identified as (9R)-moracin P 3′-O-α-l-arabinopyranoside (1), (9R)-moracin P 9-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (2), (9R)-moracin P 3′-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (3), and (9R)-moracin O 10-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (4) based on the spectroscopic interpretation and chemical analysis. Three benzofuran-type stilbenes, moracin O (5), R (7), and P (8) showed significant neuroprotective activity against glutamate-induced cell death in SK-N-SH cells. In addition, moracin O (5) and P (8) also demonstrated a remarkable inhibition of the acetic acid-induced pain. The molecular docking with metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) results indicated that these neuroprotective benzofuran-type stilbenes might be the active analgesic components of the genus Morus, and acted by mediating the mGluR1 pathway.
Hypoglycemia in Non-Diabetic In-Patients: Clinical or Criminal?

Background and Aim We wished to establish the frequency of unexpected hypoglycemia observed in non diabetic patients outside the intensive care unit and to determine if they have a plausible clinical explanation. Methods We analysed data for 2010 from three distinct sources to identify non diabetic hypoglycaemic patients: bedside and laboratory blood glucose measurements; medication records for those treatments (high-strength glucose solution and glucagon) commonly given to reverse hypoglycemia; and diagnostic codes for hypoglycemia. We excluded from the denominator admissions of patients with a diagnosis of diabetes or prescribed diabetic medication. Case notes of patients identified were reviewed. We used capture-recapture methods to establish the likely frequency of hypoglycemia in non-diabetic in-patients outside intensive care unit at different cut-off points for hypoglycemia. We also recorded co-morbidities that might have given rise to hypoglycemia. Results Among the 37,898 admissions, the triggers identified 71 hypoglycaemic episodes at a cut-off of 3.3 mmol/l. Estimated frequency at 3.3 mmol/l was 50(CI 33–93), at 3.0 mmol/l, 36(CI 24–64), at 2.7 mmol/l, 13(CI 11–19), at 2.5 mmol/l, 11(CI 9–15) and at 2.2 mmol/l, 8(CI 7–11) per 10,000 admissions. Admissions of patients aged above 65 years were approximately 50% more likely to have an episode of hypoglycemia. Most were associated with important co-morbidities. Conclusion Significant non-diabetic hypoglycemia in hospital in–patients (at or below 2.7 mmol/l) outside critical care is rare. It is sufficiently rare for occurrences to merit case-note review and diagnostic blood tests, unless an obvious explanation is found.
THE EFFECT OF TAX INCENTIVES, GROWTH OPPORTUNITIES, AND FINANCIAL DISTRESS ON ACCOUNTING CONSERVATISM

This study aims to give empirical evidence of the effect of Tax Incentives, Growth Opportunities, and Financial Distress on Accounting Conservatism. This work used quantitative approaches, and the data that are analyzed are secondary data. The population of this study consists of manufacturing enterprises that fall under the food and beverage sub-sector and are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2017-2021. This study used purposive sampling to determine the sample. The amount of sample data obtained is 50, and it was obtained by taking a sample from 10 different companies over a period of five years. When doing tests, there are sometimes extreme values, which can result in outliers in the sample data. This study uses several test to analyze the data, namely multiple linear regression descriptive statistical test, linear analysis of panel data, Fixed Effect Model as the model selection test, classical assumption test, multiple linear test, and hypothesis testing with the assistance of data processing Eviews version 9. The results of this study indicates that incentives Taxes, Growth Opportunities, and Financial Distress simultaneously have a significant effect on Accounting Conservatism. Tax incentives have no significant effect on Accounting Conservatism. Growth Opportunities have a significant effect on Accounting Conservatism. Financial Distress has no significant effect on accounting conservatism.
Blind estimation of reverberation time based on the distribution of signal decay rates

The reverberation time is one of the most prominent acoustic characteristics of an enclosure. Its value can be used to predict speech intelligibility, and is used by speech enhancement techniques to suppress reverberation. The reverberation time is usually obtained by analysing the decay rate of (i) the energy decay curve that is observed when a noise source is switched off, and (ii) the energy decay curve of the room impulse response. Estimating the reverberation time using only the observed reverberant speech signal, i.e., blind estimation, is required for speech evaluation and enhancement techniques. Recently, (semi) blind methods have been developed. Unfortunately, these methods are not very accurate when the source consists of a human speaker, and unnatural speech pauses are required to detect and/or track the decay. In this paper we extract and analyse the decay rate of the energy envelope blindly from the observed reverberation speech signal in the short-time Fourier transform domain. We develop a method to estimate the reverberation time using a property of the distribution of the decay rates. Experimental results using simulated and real reverberant speech signals demonstrate the performance of the new method.
The impact of the prolonged COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents with eating disorders: a follow-up study from Türkiye.

BACKGROUND At the onset of the pandemic, we conducted a study on adolescents with eating disorders (EDs) and found no deterioration in ED symptoms. The objective of this subsequent study was to conduct a follow-up evaluation of the same cohort and investigate the consequences of the prolonged pandemic. METHODS This longitudinal study was conducted one year after the first study between May 2021 and June 2021 with 37 adolescents aged 12-18 years (pre-existing EDs). The reassessment included an evaluation of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, the impact of pandemic-related restrictions on ED behaviors, well-being, and quality of life. All the participants underwent a re-administration of the ED examination questionnaire (EDE-Q), Beck Depression Inventory, the State Anxiety Inventory for Children, and the Maudsley Obsessive Compulsive Inventory. RESULTS No significant difference was observed in the EDE-Q scores or the ED examination questionnaire scores between the initial (T1) and subsequent (T2) study. The ED-related quality of life was seen to have slightly improved in the later stage. While depression (T1: 18, T2: 15, p=0.883) and obsession scores (T1: 11, T2: 14, p: 0.536) showed no disparity between the studies, anxiety scores (T1: 38, T2: 43, p:0.011) exhibited a significant increase. CONCLUSIONS Consistent with the early phase, no exacerbation of ED symptoms in adolescents was observed during the later stages of the pandemic. Close clinical monitoring during the pandemic might have been protective against the deteriorating effects of the pandemic. During social isolation, it is important to monitor adolescents with EDs continously for depression and anxiety.
Increasing Children’s Physical Activity

Background. Efforts to increase the prevalence of children’s active school transport require evidence to inform the development of comprehensive interventions. This study used a multilevel ecological framework to investigate individual, social, and environmental factors associated with walking to and from school among elementary school-aged children, stratified by gender. Method. Boys aged 10 to 13 years (n = 617) and girls aged 9 to 13 years (n = 681) attending 25 Australian primary schools located in high or low walkable neighborhoods completed a 1-week travel diary and a parent/child questionnaire on travel habits and attitudes. Results. Boys were more likely (odds ratio [OR] = 3.37; p < .05) to walk if their school neighborhood had high connectivity and low traffic and less likely to walk if they had to cross a busy road (OR = 0.49; p < .05). For girls, confidence in their ability to walk to or from school without an adult (OR = 2.03), school encouragement (OR = 2.43), scheduling commitments (OR = 0.41), and parent-perceived convenience of driving (OR = 0.24) were significantly associated (p < .05) with walking. Irrespective of gender and proximity to school, child-perceived convenience of walking (boys OR = 2.17 and girls OR = 1.84) and preference to walk to school (child perceived, boys OR = 5.57, girls OR = 1.84 and parent perceived, boys OR = 2.82, girls OR = 1.90) were consistently associated (p < .05) with walking to and from school. Conclusion. Although there are gender differences in factors influencing children walking to and from school, proximity to school, the safety of the route, and family time constraints are consistent correlates. These need to be addressed if more children are to be encouraged to walk to and from school.
Pengaruh Produktivitas, Firm Size dan Maturity Terhadap Peringkat Sukuk Pada Perusahaan Non Keuangan Di Indonesia

This study aims to determine the effect of productivity, firm size and maturity on sukuk ratings. The dependent variable in this study is sukuk rank while the independent variables are productivity, firm size and maturity. Sukuk rating is measured using an ordinal scale, productivity is measured by total asset turnover, firm size is measured by ln total assets and maturity is measured by dummy variables. The population used in this study are all sukuk issued by non-financial companies which are listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period of 2016-2018. The sampling method used in this study was purposive sampling. The number of samples in this study were 90 sukuk samples from 10 companies. Data analysis method used to test the hypothesis in this study is the ordinal logistic regression analysis method. The results showed that productivity had a significant positive effect on sukuk ratings, firm size had a significant positive effect on sukuk ratings and maturity had no significant effect on ratings sukuk
Constitutive expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 in epidermal basal cells of transgenic mice leads to spontaneous tumor promotion.

Transgenic mice overexpressing insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) in the basal layer of skin epidermis were generated using the bovine keratin 5 promoter (BK5). Neonatal transgenic mice were slightly smaller at birth and exhibited early ear unfolding, wrinkled and thickened skin, and slightly enlarged ears compared with nontransgenic littermates. Morphological evaluation of the skin revealed that persistent overexpression of IGF-1 in the basal layer of the epidermis resulted in epidermal hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, and an increased labeling index that persisted in adult mice. Phenotypic changes observed in skin were associated with transgene expression in the basal layer of the epidermis and activation of the IGF-1 receptor. Squamous papillomas (some of which converted to carcinomas) developed in a significant proportion (approximately 50%) of older BK5.IGF-1 mice. Treatment of BK5.IGF-1 transgenic mice with multiple topical applications of the phorbol ester, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, in the absence of tumor initiation led to the development of additional skin papillomas. Furthermore, treatment of BK5.IGF-1 transgenic mice with an initiating dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene only led to the formation of additional papillomas in the absence of promotion. In two-stage carcinogenesis experiments, BK5.IGF-1 transgenic mice developed 7-fold more papillomas than nontransgenic littermates. Phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and protein kinase B (Akt) activities were elevated (3-4-fold), and mitogen-activated protein kinase activity was elevated approximately 1.7-fold in the epidermis of transgenic mice compared with nontransgenic mice. In addition, UV light-induced epidermal apoptosis was significantly suppressed in BK5.IGF-1 transgenic mice. These data suggest that persistent activation of IGF-1 receptor signaling pathways in basal epithelial cells leads to spontaneous tumor promotion and that up-regulation of both mitogenic and cell survival signaling pathways may play an important role in the action of IGF-1 in this model system.
JTS: tools for implementing domain-specific languages

The Jakarta Tool Suite (JTS) aims to reduce substantially the cost of generator development by providing domain-independent tools for creating domain-specific languages and component-based generators called GenVoca generators. JTS is a set of precompiler-compiler tools for extending industrial programming languages (e.g., Java) with domain-specific constructs. JTS is itself a GenVoca generator where precompilers for JTS-extended languages are constructed from components.
Gray matter abnormalities as brain structural vulnerability factors for bipolar disorder: A review of neuroimaging studies of individuals at high genetic risk for bipolar disorder

Objective: Cortical and subcortical gray matter abnormalities have been reported in individuals at high genetic risk for bipolar disorder, but the findings are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to review the available literature to identify common findings that could represent brain structural vulnerability factors for bipolar disorder and to discuss challenges for the advancement of the field. Method: A systematic search was conducted using the PubMed database to identify all original articles investigating cortical or subcortical gray matter abnormalities in first-degree relatives of bipolar disorder patients. Results: Very few findings were replicated, with the exception of larger insular cortex volumes in adult first-degree relatives and larger right inferior frontal gyrus in offspring of probands with bipolar disorder, both when compared with healthy controls. Isolated findings included decreased gray matter density in the left thalamus, decreased gray matter volumes in the left hippocampus and parahippocampal gyrus, and thicker right hippocampus in unaffected first-degree relatives. Genetic liability for bipolar disorder was associated with gray matter volumes in regions of the anterior cingulate cortex, ventral striatum, medial frontal gyrus, right precentral gyrus, right insular cortex, and medial orbital gyrus. Some studies found no evidence for gray matter abnormalities in first-degree relatives of bipolar disorder patients. Conclusions: Possible reasons for the discrepancies of findings across studies include small samples sizes, small effect size of susceptibility genes, the phenotypic heterogeneity of bipolar disorder, and the possible confounding effect of other Axis I psychopathologies among the relatives of patients. Future multisite, prospective, large studies with more homogeneous samples would be a key strategy to advance the field. The ultimate benefit would be an understanding of how to use brain imaging tools to identify individuals at increased risk for bipolar disorder and develop preventive strategies for that population.
The Impact of Workload and Job Insecurity toward Employee Work Stress Due to Covid-19 Pandemic

This study aimed to investigate how job insecurity and workload, both individually and in combination, affected employee work stress at LA Hotel Seminyak during the pandemic. The data for this research were collected through various methods, including observation, interviews, documentation, and questionnaires. A total of 31 respondents participated in the study, and a saturated sampling technique was used. The data analysis involved classical assumption testing, multiple linear regression analysis, t-tests, F-tests, and the determination of the coefficient of determination. The findings of this study revealed that job insecurity, when considered individually, had a positive and statistically significant impact on employee work stress. Similarly, workload, when examined in isolation, also had a positive and significant effect on employee work stress. When both job insecurity and workload were considered together, they collectively had a significant influence on employee work stress. The coefficient of determination test indicated that job insecurity and workload together accounted for 76.0% of the variance in work stress, while the remaining 24.0% was attributed to other variables not addressed in this study.