Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Self Efficacy, Self Esteem Pengaruhnya terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Karyawan PT. Tropica Cocoprima Manado

Kepemimpinan transformasional didefinisikan sebagai kepemimpinan yang melibatkan Perubahan dalam organisasi. Self efficacy adalah kepercayaan pada kapasitas seseorang untuk sukses pada tugasnya. Self Esteem adalah harga diri yang merupakan evaluasi individu terhadap dirinya sendiri secara rendah atau tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui apakah kepemimpinan transformasional, self efficacy, self esteem berpengaruh terhadap kepuasan kerja pada PT Tropica Cocoprima, metode analisis yang digunakan regresi linear berganda. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 300 karyawan dan diperoleh 75 responden berdasarkan metode simple random sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kepemimpinan transformasional , self efficacy, self esteem berpengaruh signifikan baik secara simultan maupun parsial terhadap kepuasan kerja karyawan, oleh karena itu bagi pemimpin PT.Tropica Cocoprima di tuntut agar terus mempraktekkan gaya kepemimpinan transformasional, mendorong self efficacy, dan self esteem karyawan agar dapat meningkatkan kepuasan kerja. Kata kunci: kepemimpinan transformasional, self efficacy, self esteem, kepuasan kerja.
The Role of Diatom Nanostructures in Biasing Diffusion to Improve Uptake in a Patchy Nutrient Environment

Background Diatoms are important single-celled autotrophs that dominate most lit aquatic environments and are distinguished by surficial frustules with intricate designs of unknown function. Principal Findings We show that some frustule designs constrain diffusion to positively alter nutrient uptake. In nutrient gradients of 4 to 160 times over <5 cm, the screened-chambered morphology of Coscincodiscus sp. biases the nutrient diffusion towards the cell by at least 3.8 times the diffusion to the seawater. In contrast, the open-chambers of Thalassiosira eccentrica produce at least a 1.3 times diffusion advantage to the membrane over Coscincodiscus sp. when nutrients are homogeneous. Significance Diffusion constraint explains the success of particular diatom species at given times and the overall success of diatoms. The results help answer the unresolved question of how adjacent microplankton compete. Furthermore, diffusion constraint by supramembrane nanostructures to alter molecular diffusion suggests that microbes compete via supramembrane topology, a competitive mechanism not considered by the standard smooth-surface equations used for nutrient uptake nor in microbial ecology and cell physiology.
Molecular approaches to ependymoma: the next step(s).

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Effective treatment options for ependymoma apart from radical surgery and radiotherapy remain scarce, and the understanding of the molecular basis of ependymoma biology is crucial to the development of novel therapies. Comprehensive work revealing molecular pathomechanisms of ependymoma has been done; however, the elucidation of the processes underlying the origins of various clearly distinguishable ependymoma subgroups has proved to be difficult. The future challenges will be to reach consensus about molecular subgroups, to translate these into a clinical setting, and to use available models for drug screening and preclinical testing. RECENT FINDINGS Ependymoma subgroups with clearly distinct biology have been delineated and novel mouse models generated, and the first high-throughput drug screens were successfully conducted leading to the identification of subgroup-specific active regimens. SUMMARY Coordinated efforts to advance novel therapies into the clinic have led to breakthrough insights into the molecular biology of ependymoma. The next step will be the translation of preclinical findings into the clinical setting, and international study groups are starting to implement the most recent advances into clinical trials.
Giant cell arteritis (temporal arteritis): A report of four cases from north east India

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is a common disease of the geriatric age group in the western world, with a prevalence of 0.2% in the fifty plus age group. It is an important cause of morbidity, with irreversible visual loss being the most ominous complication. This diagnosis is an important consideration in all cases of new onset headache in elderly subjects. Reports of giant cell arteritis are few and far between in the Indian subcontinent. In this report, we describe the clinical details of four cases of giant cell arteritis, detected at Guwahati, Assam. The four patients were in the 70-82 age group. Sex distribution was equal. All of them had polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR), with one case displaying an initial presentation as only PMR. Cardinal manifestation was a severe headache, frequently accompanied by scalp allodynia and abnormalities of the superficial temporal artery (STA) on examination. STA biopsy yielded histopathological confirmation in three patients. Permanent visual loss was noted in one patient. These cases highlight the importance of assessing the possibility of giant cell arteritis through appropriate clinical history, estimation of acute phase reactants and the judicious use of superficial temporal artery biopsy, to clinch the diagnosis.
Wiring the Nation! Including First Nations?: Aboriginal Canadians and Federal e-Government Initiatives

Abstract: Governments are turning to new information and communication technologies (ICTs) to enhance service delivery and improve citizen-state relations. E-government initiatives are focussed on renewing administrative structures and processes, and on providing government information and services online. Emerging e-governance initiatives include the use of ICTs, particularly the World Wide Web, to create new patterns of engagement between policy communities and policy-makers. This essay identifies and assesses the Canadian federal government’s efforts to ensure that the needs and interests of Canada’s indigenous peoples are included in the wired world of government policy initiatives. The essay reveals that beyond the technological infrastructure needs of the First Nations peoples and their communities, federal policy initiatives must address and respond to the non-technical policy issues – from the cultural considerations to the privacy concerns that may be unique to the needs and interests of diverse indigenous communities in Canada – that may constrain the realization of ICTs to support Native peoples’ socio-political and economic development objectives. Abstract: Les gouvernements se tournent vers les nouvelles technologies de l’information et des communications (TIC) afin d’améliorer la prestation des services et les relations entre les citoyens et l’État. Les initiatives électroniques du gouvernement se concentrent sur la remise à neuf des structures et procédés administratifs, ainsi que sur la prestation en ligne des renseignements et services offerts par le gouvernement. Parmi les nouvelles initiatives électroniques gouvernementales, on compte l’usage des TIC, surtout celui de l’Internet, afin de créer de nouveaux modèles relationnels entre les milieux visés par les politiques et les décisionnaires. Cet article définit et évalue les efforts du gouvernement fédéral canadien, lesquels visent à assurer que les politiques gouvernementales en matière d’initiatives électroniques desservent aussi les besoins et intérêts des peuples autochtones du Canada. L’article révèle qu’au-delà des nécessités en matière d’infrastructures technologiques des peuples des Premières nations et de leurs collectivités, les initiatives en matière de politiques fédérales doivent aborder les questions politiques non technologiques et y répondre, qu’il s’agisse des considérations culturelles ou des inquiétudes concernant la vie privée, propres aux besoins et intérêts des diverses collectivités autochtones du Canada. Ces questions peuvent contraindre la mise en place des TIC à soutenir, auprès des Autochtones, les objectifs sociopolitiques ainsi que ceux liés au développement économique.
Measuring cytotoxicity: a new perspective on LC50.

BACKGROUND Cytotoxicity in cell culture is typically expressed as LC50 the concentration of a given agent which is lethal to 50% of the cells. This number is dependent on the incubation time with the agent. Previously, a two-term exponential model has been proposed to describe cell growth after a cytotoxic event: y(t) = k, * exp(-d(1)*t) + k2 * exp(d(2)*t). A dose-response relationship was observed between the parameter k2 in this formula and the concentration of the cytotoxic agent etoposide, in high-grade glioma cells was independent of incubation time. MATERIALS AND METHODS In order to test if the model can be applied more generally, DAOY medulloblastoma cells treated with MS275, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, were used. RESULTS The observed data fit the model well. CONCLUSION The concentration at which k2 is reduced by 50% is called KC50. It provides a far better description of the cytotoxicity of an agent in a specific cell line than the traditional LC50.
Whole-Genome Analysis of Two-Component Signal Transduction Genes in Fungal Pathogens

ABSTRACT Two-component phosphorelay systems are minimally comprised of a histidine kinase (HK) component, which autophosphorylates in response to an environmental stimulus, and a response regulator (RR) component, which transmits the signal, resulting in an output such as activation of transcription, or of a mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade. The genomes of the yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Schizosaccharomyces pombe, and Candida albicans encode one, three, and three HKs, respectively. In contrast, the genome sequences of the filamentous ascomycetes Neurospora crassa, Cochliobolus heterostrophus (Bipolaris maydis), Gibberella moniliformis (Fusarium verticillioides), and Botryotinia fuckeliana (Botrytis cinerea) encode an extensive family of two-component signaling proteins. The putative HKs fall into 11 classes. Most of these classes are represented in each filamentous ascomycete species examined. A few of these classes are significantly more prevalent in the fungal pathogens than in the saprobe N. crassa, suggesting that these groups contain paralogs required for virulence. Despite the larger numbers of HKs in filamentous ascomycetes than in yeasts, all of the ascomycetes contain virtually the same downstream histidine phosphotransfer proteins and RR proteins, suggesting extensive cross talk or redundancy among HKs.
Multiple pathways regulate intracellular shuttling of MoKA, a co-activator of transcription factor KLF7

MoKA is a novel F-box containing protein that interacts with and stimulates the activity of transcription factor KLF7, a regulator of neuronal differentiation. MoKA accumulates throughout the cell and predominantly in the cytosol, consistent with the presence of several putative nuclear localization and export signals (NLSs and NESs). The present study was designed to refine the identity and location of the sequences responsible for MoKA intracellular shuttling and transcriptional activity. Forced expression of fusion proteins in mammalian cells demonstrated that only one of three putative NLSs potentially recognized by karyopherin receptors is involved in nuclear localization of MoKA. By contrast, three distinct sequences were found to participate in mediating cytoplasmic accumulation. One of them is structurally and functionally related to the leucine-rich export signal that interacts with the exportin 1 (CRM1) receptor. The other two export signals instead display either a novel leucine-rich sequence or an undefined peptide motif, and both appear to act through CRM1-independent pathways. Finally, transcriptional analyses using the chimeric GAL4 system mapped the major activation domain of MoKA to a highly acidic sequence that resides between the NLS and NES clusters.
Detection of Hepatitis B Virus in Used Razor Blades by PCR

Background and Aims Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection ranks among the most devastating health problems in the world.The most probable transmission routes of HBV are blood contact, sexual, and horizontal transfer. Other sources of HBV transmission are razor sharing, beauty treatments, tattooing, piercing, and manicures and other chiropody treatments.Many infections have been reported in South-East Asia, where barbers commonly share and reuse razors. Detection of HBV DNA in contaminated devices such as razor blades is important in the demonstration of transmission routes and indirect estimation of HBV prevalence in specific subpopulations such as barbershop clientele. Therefore, we aimed to detect the presence of HBV contamination on razor blades by nucleic acid testing. Methods Used razor blades (n = 151) were purchased from different barber’s shops. Used razor blades purchased from chronic HBV patients (n = 8) were included as a positive control. The amplification and detection of HBV DNA was carried out by a semi-nested PCR method in a thermal cycler. Results The presence of HBV DNA was found in 10 (6.6%) used razor-blade samples by the detection of a specific positive band with agarose gel electrophoresis. Conclusions In conclusion, used razor blades may be contaminated with HBV, and the practice of sharing used razor blades may pose a risk of transmission. Nucleic acid detection methods involving PCR can be used to detect HBV contamination of razor blades. HBV control and prevention programs should educate barbers about the importance of contagious diseases, proper sterilization techniques, and avoiding reuse and sharing of contaminated equipment and supplies such as razor blades. As an infection control measure, prohibition of razor reuse can reduce the spread of HBV infection in rural areas, where the practice is often common at barbershops.
The Airframe Noise Reduction Challenge

Abstract The NASA goal of reducing external aircraft noise by 10 dB in the near-term presents the acoustics communitywith an enormous challenge. This report identiﬁes technologies with the greatest potential to reduce airframenoise. Acoustic and aerodynamic effects will be discussed, along with the likelihood of industry accepting andimplementing the different technologies. We investigate the lower bound, deﬁned as noise generated by an aircraftmodiﬁed with a virtual retroﬁt capable of eliminating all noise associated with the high lift system and landinggear. However, the airframe noise of an aircraft in this “clean” conﬁguration would only be about 8 dB quieteron approach than current civil transports. To achieve the NASA goal of 10 dB noise reduction will requirethat additional noise sources be addressed. Research shows that energy in the turbulent boundary layer of awing is scattered as it crosses trailing edge. Noise generated by scattering is the dominant noise mechanismon an aircraft ﬂying in the clean conﬁguration. Eliminating scattering would require changes to much of theaircraft, and practical reduction devices have yet to receive serious attention. Evidence suggests that to meetNASA goals in civil aviation noise reduction, we need to employ emerging technologies and improve landingprocedures; modiﬁed landing patterns and zoning restrictions could help alleviate aircraft noise in communitiesclose to airports.
Functional and ecological significance of rDNA intergenic spacer variation in a clonal organism under divergent selection for production rate

It has recently been hypothesized that variation in the intergenic spacer (IGS) of rDNA has considerable developmental, evolutionary and ecological significance through effects on growth rate and body C : N : P stoichiometry resulting from the role of the IGS in production of rRNA. To test these ideas, we assessed changes in size and structure of the repetitive region of the IGS, juvenile growth rate (JGR), RNA and phosphorus (P) contents in clonal lineages of Daphnia pulex derived from a single female and subjected to divergent selection on weight–specific fecundity (WSF). As a result of selection, WSF diverged rapidly, with significant reductions within two generations. Other significant changes accompanying shifts in WSF were that juveniles produced by low–WSF females grew more rapidly and had higher RNA and P contents. An increased predominance of long IGS variants was observed in lineages with elevated JGRs and low WSF. The observed variations in IGS length were related to the number of subrepeat units carrying a promoter sequence in the repetitive region. These results strongly support the hypothesized relationships, indicate a genetic mechanism for the evolution of such associations and demonstrate that Daphnia (and perhaps other parthenogens) possess considerable potential for rapid adaptive change in major life–history traits.
The Handbook of Rational and Social Choice

The Handbook of Rational and Social Choice provides an overview of issues arising in work on the foundations of decision theory and social choice over the past three decades. Drawing on work by economic theorists mainly, but also with contributions from political science, philosophy and psychology, the collection shows how the related areas of decision theory and social choice have developed in their applications and moved well beyond the basic models of expected utility and utilitarian approaches to welfare economics. Containing twenty-three contributions, in many cases by leading figures in their fields, the handbook shows how the normative foundations of economics have changed dramatically as more general and explicit models of utility and group choice have been developed. This is perhaps the first time these developments have been brought together in a manner that seeks to identify and make accessible the recent themes and developments that have been of particular interest to researchers in recent years. The collection will be of particular value to researchers in economics with interests in utility or welfare but it will also be of interest to any social scientist or philosopher interested in theories of rationality or group decision-making. Contributors to this volume - Mohammed Abdellaoui, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Carlos Alos-Ferrer, University of Konstanz Paul Anand, Open University and Oxford University Han Bleichrodt, Erasmus University Chuck Blackorby, University of Warwick Walter Bossert, Universite de Montreal David Donaldson, University of Stirling Keith Dowding, London School of Economics and Political Science Jurgen Eichberger, University of Mannheim Mark Fleurbaey, CNRS, University Paris-Descartes and LSE Wulf Gaertner, University of Osnabruck Simon Grant, Rice University Alan Hajek, Australian National University Edi Karni, Johns Hopkins University David Kelsey, University of Exeter Christian List, London School of Economics and Political Science Paola Manzini, Queen Mary, University of London Marco Mariotti, Queen Mary, University of London Edward McClennen, Syracuse University John Miyamoto, University of Washington, Seattle Klaus Nehring, University of California, Davis Prasanta Pattanaik, University of California, Riverside Fabienne Peter, University of Warwick Clemens Puppe, University of Karlsruhe Daniel Read, London School of Economics and Political Science Karl Schlag, European University Institute Ulrich Schmidt, Hanover Leibniz University and Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu Kiel Erik Schokkaert, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven Kotaro Suzumura, Hitotsubashi University Aki Tsuchiya, University of Sheffield Bertil Tungodden, Norwegian School of Economics and Business Administration Timothy Van Zandt, INSEAD Martin van Hees, University of Groningen Yongsheng Xu, Georgia State University
Glaucoma Posttranscriptional Regulation of LOXL 1 Expression Via Alternative Splicing and Nonsense-Mediated mRNA Decay as an Adaptive Stress Response

Daniel Berner, Matthias Zenkel, Francesca Pasutto, Ursula Hoja, Panah Liravi, Gabriele C. Gusek-Schneider, Friedrich E. Kruse, Johannes Schödel, Andre Reis, and Ursula Schlötzer-Schrehardt Department of Ophthalmology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
Pyoderma among Hajj Pilgrims in Makkah.

OBJECTIVE Bacterial skin infections have been considered as a possible health problem of the Hajj pilgrims. Significant increase in the rate of resistance to commonly used antibiotics against gram positive organisms has been observed. The present study was planned to obtain the microbiological profile of bacterial skin infections and their susceptibility to antimicrobials. METHODS Pyodermas were investigated clinically and bacteriologically by a prospective study conducted on patients attending the dermatology clinic at the King Faisal Hospital, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during 2 Hajj periods (2000 - 2001). RESULTS Of a total of 80 pyoderma patients, 52.5% were primary and 47.5% secondary. The leading cause of primary pyoderma was found to be impetigo in 28.8% cases, and of secondary pyoderma was infected eczema in 18.8% cases. Positive cultures were found in 87.5% cases. The organisms responsible for primary pyoderma were: Staphylococcus aureus (65.6%), Streptococcus pyogenes (28.1%) or both (6.4%) while in secondary pydermas were: Staphylococcus aureus (44.7%), Streptococcus pyogenes (15.8%), or both (18.4%), and gram negative bacilli (21.1%). The resistant pattern of antimicrobials against Staphylococcus aureus was as follows: penicillin 80.85%, tetracycline 10.6%, gentamicin 6.4%, erythromycin 4.3% and cotrimoxazole [corrected] 4.3%. Oxacillin and cephalothin were found least resistant (2.1%). CONCLUSION Pyoderma appeared as one of the common health hazard of our Hajj pilgrims. Penicillin and tetracycline are found ineffective in treating skin infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus while oxacillin is recommended as first line of treatment.