Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gene-by-preschool interaction on the development of early externalizing problems.

BACKGROUND Preschool involves an array of new social experiences that may impact the development of early externalizing behavior problems over the transition to grade school. METHODS Using longitudinal data from a nationally representative sample of over 600 pairs of US twins, we tested whether the genetic and environmental influences on externalizing problems differed between children who did versus did not attend preschool. RESULTS At age 4, the genetic and environmental etiology of externalizing did not differ by preschool attendance. In contrast, by age 5 years (kindergarten age), the genetic and environmental etiology of externalizing significantly differed by preschool attendance. Among children who did not attend preschool, externalizing at age 5 was predominantly due to environmental influences (52% shared environment, 34% non-shared environment) rather than genetic differences (13%), whereas among children who had attended preschool, externalizing at age 5 was primarily due to genes (67%), and shared environmental influences were negligible (0%). These interactions represented the differential longitudinal persistence of genes and environments that contributed to externalizing at age 4. Sensitivity analyses ruled out confounding due to early mental ability, socioeconomic status, minority status, child age, and prior history of childcare. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that preschool enrollment is associated with increased genetic and decreased shared environmental influences on the development of early externalizing behavior problems.
Explaining Relationship Satisfaction: Attachment, Technology Use, and Sexual Satisfaction in Long-Distance Relationships

Bloom, A. L. , Ph.D. Purdue University, August 2015. Explaining Relationship Satisfaction: Attachment, Technology Use, and Sexual Satisfaction in Long-Distance Relationships. Major Professor: M. Carole Pistole, Ph.D. The purpose of this study was to better understand long-distance relationships (LDRs). More specifically, I examined how attachment style, technology use, and sexual satisfaction contribute to LDR satisfaction and compared the model to geographically close relationship (GCR) satisfaction. I also examined attachment style and LDR/GCR differences in amount of and channels of technology use. College students (N = 326), who were 18 years or older and identified as in a romantic relationship, completed the following measures: (a) Relationship Questionnaire (RQ; Bartholomew & Horowitz, 1991), which categorically measures attachment style; (b) a deconstructed version of the RQ, which provides a continuous measure of attachment style; (c) Technology Use Questionnaire (TUQ), which was created for this study to measure the frequency of using various technology channels (i.e., phone, e-mail, social networking sites [SNS], text messaging, instant messaging [IM], and video chat), (d) General Measure of Sexual Satisfaction (GMSEX; Lawrance & Byers, 1998), which measures sexual satisfaction; and (e) Couples Satisfaction Index-16 (CSI-16; Funk & Rogge, 2007), which measures relationship satisfaction. A hierarchical multiple regression (HMR) indicated that video chat use and sexual satisfaction contributed significantly and positively to LDR
Spatial and Temporal Variability of Movement Parameters in Individuals with down Syndrome

This investigation compared spatial and temporal gait movement parameters of a sample of individuals with Down syndrome (n = 12) and one of individuals without disabilities (n = 12). All participants were evaluated on responses to a preferred pace and fast walk with the GAITRite Electronic Walkway. Spatial outcomes included step and stride length, step and stride width, toe-in/toe-out, and base of support. Temporal outcomes included step time, velocity, single and double leg support time, stance, and swing time. There were significant group differences for step length, step width, stride length, and velocity in the preferred walk condition. Significant group differences for step length, step width, and stride length were observed in the fast walk condition. Percentage differences also indicated lower scores for all spatial and temporal variables in relation to the control group. The ability to control gait movements appears to reflect earlier movement experiences, so it may be possible to use variable sensory feedback and specific training to modify and adjust movement responses and improve gait performance in Down syndrome.
EFFICIENCY OF LARGE DOUBLE AUCTIONS

We consider large double auctions with private values. Values need be neither symmetric nor independent. Multiple units may be owned or desired. Participation may be stochastic. We introduce a very mild notion of "a little independence. " We prove that all nontrivial equilibria of auctions that satisfy this notion are asymptotically efficient. For any alpha>0, inefficiency disappears at rate (1/n)^(2 alpha). Copyright The Econometric Society 2006.
VETERANS: FINDING THEIR WAY HOME WITH EFT

Helping Veterans heal from the trauma of war has been a journey into a spiritual place that I might not have been able to reach otherwise. I am filled with gratitude for every soldier who has allowed me to get an insight into his or her world. These are my most amazing mentors who are giving me their loving trust and support to continue this journey. As a life coach, specializing in Emotional Freedom Techniques (EFT), I have been blessed and honored to help many Veterans heal from their trauma of war. I have worked with US Marines who, even after 40 years, still can’t find forgiveness for what happened in Vietnam. I have helped Veterans from most recent wars who have relived their nightmares of horror, overwhelm and danger every night. EFT4Vets, the training program for practitioners I have developed, understands PTSD symptoms as symptoms of the soul. It offers an integrated program for practitioners that will enable the EFT coach to assist the Veterans on the physical, mental, emotional, relational and soul levels. This program honors the transformational effect that using EFT for helping Veterans to release PTSD symptoms can have on the practitioner as well as the Veteran. Building rapport and trust between the practitioner and the client before the work together begins is an integral part of the training, and so is the thorough teaching of specific applications and techniques of EFT for Veterans through presentation, demonstration and practice.
Clinical profile, predisposing factors, and associated co-morbidities of children with cerebral palsy in South India

Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) is the most common physical disorder of children. Causes like jaundice and birth injury though are decreasing; complications resulting from the survival of low birth weight babies are replacing some of the older etiologies. Hence, this study was planned. Objectives: The objective was to study the clinical patterns, predisposing factors, and co-morbidities in children with CP. Materials and Methods: The present study is a hospital based prospective study conducted from January 2012 to January 2013 in children presenting to neurodevelopmental clinic at a tertiary care teaching hospital in India. Hundred cases with clinical features suggestive of CP were included in the study. Cases were evaluated by history, clinical examination, and necessary investigations. Results: Results of the study showed 81% of spastic, 12% of hypotonic, 5% of dystonic, and 2% of mixed CP cases. The mean age of presentation was 2 year, 2 month, and male to female ratio of 1:2. Pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) was the most common antenatal complication observed in 6%. Four percent had neonatal sepsis and 19% were born premature. Associated co-morbidities were mental retardation (55%), seizure disorder (46%), visual problems (26%), hearing problems (19%), and failure to thrive (47%). Discussion: Sex distribution observed in our study was male to female ratio of 1.2, which was comparable with a multicenter study in Europe. PIH was observed in 6% of cases, which was comparable with prior studies. Birth asphyxia was observed in 43% of cases. Eighty-one percent of the cases constituted a spastic variety of CP which was comparable to other studies. Conclusion: Perinatal asphyxia was the important etiological factor. We found preventable intranatal causes (60%) and antenatal causes (20%) forming a significant proportion. Co-morbidities were significantly observed in our study.
Behavioral Aspects and Decision-Making Research in Accounting: History, Recent Developments, and Some Future Directions

This paper provides a sketch of the most important milestones of behavioral accounting in general and judgment and decision-making (JDM) research in accounting in particular, over the last six decades. In order to understand JDM research in accounting it is important to know how “behavioral” aspects were introduced into the accounting community. Thus, this integrative literature review, combined with a citation analysis of the current research streams, analyses the last six decades of behavioral accounting research. This paper offers a compact description of how theories and methodologies from social sciences, in particular from the field of psychology, were implemented into accounting research. This paper extends previous general reviews (e.g. Bonner, 1999; Dunk, 2001; Trotman, Tan, & Ang, 2011) and more personal reflections (e.g., Hopwood, 2009; M. D. Shields, 2009) , as it also includes a discussion of emerging themes (e.g. ecological rationality) and methods (e.g. neuroaccounting) and how these approaches are (or are not) picked up in behavioral accounting. Overall, this paper provides a starting point for scholars interested in the foundations of behavioral accounting and in the current trends and debates in JDM research in accounting.
Phylogeographic Evidence for a Link of Species Divergence of Ephedra in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and Adjacent Regions to the Miocene Asian Aridification

The Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP) has become one of the hotspots for phylogeographical studies due to its high species diversity. However, most previous studies have focused on the effects of the Quaternary glaciations on phylogeographical structures and the locations of glacial refugia, and little is known about the effects of the aridization of interior Asia on plant population structure and speciation. Here the chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) trnT-trnF and trnS-trnfM sequences were used to investigate the differentiation and phylogeographical history of 14 Ephedra species from the QTP and northern China, based on a sampling of 107 populations. The phylogeographical analysis, together with phylogenetic reconstruction based on combined four cpDNA fragments (rbcL, rpl16, rps4, and trnS-trnfM), supports three main lineages (eastern QTP, southern QTP, and northern China) of these Ephedra species. Divergence of each lineage could be dated to the Middle or Late Miocene, and was very likely linked to the uplift of the QTP and the Asian aridification, given the high drought and/or cold tolerance of Ephedra. Most of the Ephedra species had low intraspecific variation and lacked a strong phylogeographical structure, which could be partially attributed to clonal reproduction and a relatively recent origin. In addition, ten of the detected 25 cpDNA haplotypes are shared among species, suggesting that a wide sampling of species is helpful to investigate the origin of observed haplotypes and make reliable phylogeographical inference. Moreover, the systematic positions of some Ephedra species are discussed.
Freeing Ourselves From Objectivity: Managing Subjectivity or Turning Toward a Participatory Mode of Consciousness?

The call by educational researchers for the methodological management of the self is placed within a discussion on modes of consciousness. The management of both subjectivity and objectivity are seen as sharing the same alienated mode of consciousness that believes in the possibility of a regulated distance between self and other. Drawing from interdisciplinary writings, I explore a participatory mode of consciousness, which involves a somatic, nonverbal quality of attention that necessitates letting go of the focus on self. The recognition of kinship and therefore of ethics is at the core of a participatory mode of consciousness. I further note relations to educational research and questions to be raised if a participatory mode of consciousness is to be fostered.
Drosophila Eyes Absent Is Required for Normal Cone and Pigment Cell Development

In Drosophila, development of the compound eye is orchestrated by a network of highly conserved transcriptional regulators known as the retinal determination (RD) network. The retinal determination gene eyes absent (eya) is expressed in most cells within the developing eye field, from undifferentiated retinal progenitors to photoreceptor cells whose differentiation begins at the morphogenetic furrow (MF). Loss of eya expression leads to an early block in retinal development, making it impossible to study the role of eya expression during later steps of retinal differentiation. We have identified two new regulatory regions that control eya expression during retinal development. These two enhancers are necessary to maintain eya expression anterior to the MF (eya-IAM) and in photoreceptors (eya-PSE), respectively. We find that deleting these enhancers affects developmental events anterior to the MF as well as retinal differentiation posterior to the MF. In line with previous results, we find that reducing eya expression anterior to the MF affects several early steps during early retinal differentiation, including cell cycle arrest and expression of the proneural gene ato. Consistent with previous observations that suggest a role for eya in cell proliferation during early development we find that deletion of eya-IAM leads to a marked reduction in the size of the adult retinal field. On the other hand, deletion of eya-PSE leads to defects in cone and pigment cell development. In addition we find that eya expression is necessary to activate expression of the cone cell marker Cut and to regulate levels of the Hedgehog pathway effector Ci. In summary, our study uncovers novel aspects of eya-mediated regulation of eye development. The genetic tools generated in this study will allow for a detailed study of how the RD network regulates key steps in eye formation.
Treatment with tetrahydrobiopterin reduces blood pressure in male SHR by reducing testosterone synthesis.

Treatment with tetrahydrobiopterin (BH(4)) reduces blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). In the present study, we tested the hypothesis that chronic BH(4) reduces blood pressure in male SHR by reducing testosterone biosynthesis mediated by increasing nitric oxide (NO). Male SHR, aged 17-18 wk, intact or castrated, were treated for 1 wk with BH(4) (20 mg.kg(-1). day(-1) ip). After 1 wk, mean arterial pressure (MAP), serum testosterone, and nitrate/nitrite excretion (NO(x)) were measured. MAP was significantly higher in intact males than castrated males (179 +/- 2 vs. 155 +/- 4 mmHg, P < 0.001). In intact males, BH(4) caused a 17% reduction in MAP (148 +/- 2 mmHg), had no effect on NO(x), and reduced serum testosterone by 85% (24.09 +/- 2.37 vs. 3.72 +/- 0.73 ng/dl; P < 0.001). In castrated males, BH(4) had no effect on MAP (152 +/- 5 mmHg) but increased NO(x) by 38%. When castrated males were supplemented with testosterone, MAP increased to the same level as in intact males (180 +/- 7 mmHg), and BH(4) had no effect on MAP (182 +/- 7 mmHg) or NO(x). NO has been shown to decrease testosterone biosynthesis. Chronic sodium nitrite (70 mg.kg(-1). day(-1) x 1 wk) decreased MAP in intact males (150 +/- 4 mmHg) but had no effect on serum testosterone (21.46 +/- 3.08 ng/dl). The data suggest that BH(4) reduces testosterone synthesis and thereby reduces MAP in male SHR, an androgen-dependent model of hypertension. The mechanism(s) by which BH(4) reduces serum testosterone levels are not clear, but the data do not support a role for NO as a mediator.
An analytical thermal noise model of deep submicron MOSFET's

An analytical model for circuit simulation to describe the channel thermal noise in MOSFET's for all channel length down to deep submicron is presented and verified by measurements. Contrary to the thermal equilibrium assumption, this model includes the influence of the increasing electrical field with downscaling on the channel carrier (electron, hole) equivalent noise temperature. If not taken into account, simulation errors of up to 100% and more in the thermal noise of half micron transistors and below occur.
Analysing Pubertal Changes in Teenagers of Varanasi the Spiritual City of India

Teenagers inIndiatend to be poorly informed about their bodies and matters related to sexuality and health. The information they have is often incomplete and confused. According to planning commission ofIndia, teenagers are about one fourth of the total population and have major implication for the future, since reproductive and sexual behavior during adolescence have far reaching. This is especially relevant inIndiawhere reproductive health has been considered synonymous with women’s health and hence reproductive health of men has received little attention. Typically boys are neither encouraged to talk about pubertal changes nor offered space to ask question or seek information about these changes. The present study is based on a cross sectional survey conducted inVaranasiduring 2010-11 for assessing the knowledge and attitude of teenager boys about pubertal changes, nocturnal ejaculation and masturbation. A total of 542 teenager boys aged 14-20 were actively interviewed with structured questionnaire. Among study participants, 90 percent said that they experienced puberty. The mean age of first nocturnal ejaculation was 15 years with minimum 14 years and maximum 17 years and 38 percent said that it is a natural process. About 52 percent participants said this is a sign of masculinity, 11 percent said this is harmful to body and related to decease. About 81 percent participants said that they knew about masturbation and minimum age for first experience of masturbation was 14 years and maximum was 16 years and mean age was 15.24 years.
Genes within the Idd5 and Idd9/11 Diabetes Susceptibility Loci Affect the Pathogenic Activity of B Cells in Nonobese Diabetic Mice1

Autoreactive T cells clearly mediate the pancreatic β cell destruction causing type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, studies in NOD mice indicate that B cells also contribute to pathogenesis because their ablation by introduction of an Igμnull mutation elicits T1D resistance. T1D susceptibility is restored in NOD. Igμnull mice that are irradiated and reconstituted with syngeneic bone marrow plus NOD B cells, but not syngeneic bone marrow alone. Thus, we hypothesized some non-MHC T1D susceptibility (Idd) genes contribute to disease by allowing development of pathogenic B cells. Supporting this hypothesis was the finding that unlike those from NOD donors, engraftment with B cells from H2g7 MHC-matched, but T1D-resistant, nonobese-resistant (NOR) mice failed to restore full disease susceptibility in NOD. Igμnull recipients. T1D resistance in NOR mice is mainly encoded within the Idd13, Idd5.2, and Idd9/11 loci. B cells from NOD congenic stocks containing Idd9/11 or Idd5.1/5.2-resistance loci, respectively, derived from the NOR or C57BL/10 strains were characterized by suppressed diabetogenic activity. Immature autoreactive B cells in NOD mice have an impaired ability to be rendered anergic upon Ag engagement. Interestingly, both Idd5.1/5.2 and Idd9/11-resistance loci were found to normalize this B cell tolerogenic process, which may represent a mechanism contributing to the inhibition of T1D.
CORD BLOOD ALBUMIN AND BILIRUBIN LEVELS AS PREDICTORS IN NEONATAL HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA

Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia resulting in clinical jaundice is a common problem during the first weeks of neonates life. Most common cause of hyperbilirubinemia in neonates is physiological hyperbilirubinemia. Although physiological hyperbilirubinemia is 100% curable;Fallow up and the early treatment has become difficult due to early discharge from the hospital. Physiological hyperbilirubinemia results from immature liver cell having very low uridine diphospho glucuronosyl transferase activity compared to mature hepatocyte, low concentration of Bilirubin binding ligand Albumin, and higher volume of short life erythrocytes in the circulation. Studies strongly argues for the primacy of bilirubin in the etiology of kernicterus. present study: estimation of neonatal cord blood albumin and bilirubin levels and assessing their reliability with the third day neonatal peripheral venous sample bilirubin levels. To assess the reliability of cord blood albumin and bilirubin levels in early prediction of Hyperbilirubinemia in neonates. Present study was conducted on 70 neonates (term & preterm) whose cord blood was estimated for albumin and bilirubin levels by dye binding method and modified dimethylsulfoxide methods respectively. Incidence of Hyperbilirubinemia is confirmed by estimating peripheral venous blood bilirubin levels by DMSO method on day third of the neonate . Frequency of hyperbilirubinemia in neonates in our center at term is 52 % and in pre-tem is 70%
An Empirical Study of Online Trust and Consumer Behavior: Cultural Orientation, Social Norms, and Personal Innovativeness in Information Technology

Building online trust and understanding its relationship to online consumer behavior are important topics for e-commerce designers and human-computer interaction researchers. In this paper, the relationships between multidimensions of online trust (integrity, benevolence, and ability) and purchase intention are tested and discussed. Furthermore, the uncertainty avoidance cultural orientation, social norms, and personal innovativeness in information technology are tested as antecedents of online trust and ease of use in the model (n = 209). As expected, social norms influence all three dimensions of online trust, while uncertainty avoidance cultural orientation affects only benevolence and ability dimensions. Personal innovativeness in IT affects ease of use, and ease of use influences all three dimensions of online trust. Integrity, ability, and ease of use influence purchase intention, while benevolence shows no direct relationship to purchase intention. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed in the paper.