Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatic Recognition of Personality in Conversation

The identification of personality by automatic analysis of conversation has many applications in natural language processing, from leader identification in meetings to partner matching on dating websites. We automatically train models of the main five personality dimensions, on a corpus of conversation extracts and personality ratings. Results show that the models perform better than the baseline, and their analysis confirms previous findings linking language and personality, while revealing many new linguistic and prosodic markers.
Low-Complexity LP Decoding of Nonbinary Linear Codes

Linear Programming (LP) decoding of Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes has attracted much attention in the research community in the past few years. LP decoding has been derived for binary and nonbinary linear codes. However, the most important problem with LP decoding for both binary and nonbinary linear codes is that the complexity of standard LP solvers such as the simplex algorithm remains prohibitively large for codes of moderate to large block length. To address this problem, two low-complexity LP (LCLP) decoding algorithms for binary linear codes have been proposed by Vontobel and Koetter, henceforth called the basic LCLP decoding algorithm and the subgradient LCLP decoding algorithm. In this paper, we generalize these LCLP decoding algorithms to nonbinary linear codes. The computational complexity per iteration of the proposed nonbinary LCLP decoding algorithms scales linearly with the block length of the code. A modified BCJR algorithm for efficient check-node calculations in the nonbinary basic LCLP decoding algorithm is also proposed, which has complexity linear in the check node degree. Several simulation results are presented for nonbinary LDPC codes defined over Z4, GF(4), and GF(8) using quaternary phase-shift keying and 8-phase-shift keying, respectively, over the AWGN channel. It is shown that for some group-structured LDPC codes, the error-correcting performance of the nonbinary LCLP decoding algorithms is similar to or better than that of the min-sum decoding algorithm.
Adaptive Content and Process Scaffolding: A key to facilitating students' self-regulated learning with hypermedia

In this mixed-method study, we converged product and process data to examine the effectiveness of three human scaffolding conditions in facilitating students’ learning about the circulatory system and the deployment of key self-regulatory processes during a 40-minute hypermedia learning task. Undergraduate students (N = 123) were randomly assigned to one of three scaffolding conditions (adaptive content and process scaffolding [ACPS], adaptive process scaffolding [APS], and no scaffolding [NS]) and were trained to use a hypermedia environment to learn about the circulatory system. The product data revealed that the students in the ACPS condition gained significantly more declarative knowledge than did those in the other two comparison conditions. In addition, ACPS was statistically significantly associated with qualitative shifts in the students’ mental models of the topic, whereas the other two conditions were not. The verbal protocol data revealed that students in the ACPS condition utilized only a few regulatory processes, engaged in help-seeking behavior, and relied on the tutor to regulate their learning. By contrast, the verbal protocol data indicated that learners in the APS condition regulated their learning by using several key monitoring activities and learning strategies, while those in the NS condition were less effective at regulating their learning and used fewer key self-regulatory processes during the activity. We propose several design principles for adaptive hypermedia learning environments based on these findings.
Remote Ischemic Preconditioning: A Novel Strategy in Rescuing Older Livers From Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in a Rodent Model

Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) protects aged liver against ischemia reperfusion (IR). Summary of Background Data: The demands for liver surgery in an aging population are growing. Clamping of vessels to prevent blood loss is integral to liver surgery, but the resulting IR injury (IRI) augments postoperative complications. More so, sensitivity to hepatic IRI increases with age; however, no strategies have been developed that specifically protect old liver. RIPC, a novel protective approach, was performed distant to the surgical site. Whether RIPC may also protect old liver from IRI is unknown. Methods: RIPC to the femoral vascular bundle was compared against direct ischemic preconditioning (IPC) and the standard of care intermittent clamping (IC) using a model of partial hepatic ischemia in mice aged 20 to 24 months. Liver injury was measured 6 hours after reperfusion. Protective signaling (serotonin-Vegf-Il10/Mmp8 axis, Kupffer cell polarization) was assessed immediately after preconditioning. Neutralizing antibody was used to test the role of Vegf. Hepatic vasculature was examined by electron microscopy. Results: RIPC was superior over other strategies in protecting old liver from IRI, with standard IPC approaches being ineffective. RIPC induced the strongest elevations in circulating Vegf, and Vegf inhibition dampened protective signaling and abrogated the protective effects. RIPC was further associated with improvements in vascular functionality. Conclusions: RIPC is highly effective in protecting old liver from ischemic insults, mainly owing to its ability to induce circulating Vegf. These findings warrant efforts toward clinical translation.
Quantification and Purification of Mulberry Anthocyanins With Macroporous Resins

Total anthocyanins in different cultivars of mulberry were measured and a process for the industrial preparation of mulberry anthocyanins as a natural food colorant was studied. In 31 cultivars of mulberry, the total anthocyanins, calculated as cyanidin 3-glucoside, ranged from 147.68 to 2725.46 mg/L juice. Extracting and purifying with macroporous resins was found to be an efficient potential method for the industrial production of mulberry anthocyanins as a food colorant. Of six resins tested, X-5 demonstrated the best adsorbent capability for mulberry anthocyanins (91 mg/mL resin). The adsorption capacity of resins increased with the surface area and the pore radius. Residual mulberry fruit juice after extraction of pigment retained most of its nutrients, except for anthocyanins, and may provide a substrate for further processing.
Exposing invisible timing-based traffic watermarks with BACKLIT

Traffic watermarking is an important element in many network security and privacy applications, such as tracing botnet C&C communications and deanonymizing peer-to-peer VoIP calls. The state-of-the-art traffic watermarking schemes are usually based on packet timing information and they are notoriously difficult to detect. In this paper, we show for the first time that even the most sophisticated timing-based watermarking schemes (e.g., RAINBOW and SWIRL) are not invisible by proposing a new detection system called BACKLIT. BACKLIT is designed according to the observation that any practical timing-based traffic watermark will cause noticeable alterations in the intrinsic timing features typical of TCP flows. We propose five metrics that are sufficient for detecting four state-of-the-art traffic watermarks for bulk transfer and interactive traffic. BACKLIT can be easily deployed in stepping stones and anonymity networks (e.g., Tor), because it does not rely on strong assumptions and can be realized in an active or passive mode. We have conducted extensive experiments to evaluate BACKLIT's detection performance using the PlanetLab platform. The results show that BACKLIT can detect watermarked network flows with high accuracy and few false positives.
Recent findings in kynurenine research in the field of experimental epilepsy and stroke models : Electrophysiological, behavioural and histological studies

s connected to the Ph.D. thesis Abstracts directly related to the thesis I. Robotka, H. , Marosi, M. , Nemeth, H. , Toldi, J. and Vecsei, L. Effect of kynurenine (IP) on pentylenetetrazol-induced seizure in the rat hippocampus. IBRO International Workshop, Budapest, 29-31. January, 2004, Clinical Neuroscience 57: 57 II. Robotka, H. , Marosi, M. , Nemeth, H. , Lur, G. , Somlai, C. , Toldi, J. and Vecsei, L. Systemically administered glucoseamine-kynurenic acid, but not pure kynurenic acid, is effective in decreasing the evoked activity in area CA1 of the rat hippocampus. 11 Annual Meeting of the Hungarian Neuroscience Society, Pecs, 25-29. January, 2005, Clinical Neuroscience 58: III. Nemeth, H. , Robotka, H. , Marosi, M. , Kis, Z. , Farkas, T. , Vecsei, L. and Toldi, J. Kynurenine administered together with probenecid markedly inhibits pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. An electrophysiological and behavioural study. 11 Annual Meeting of the Hungarian Neuroscience Society, Pecs, 25-29. January, 2005, Clinical Neuroscience 58: IV. Robotka, H. Kynurenine administered together with probenecid markedly inhibits pentylenetetrazol-induced seizures. 2 Central And Eastern European Meeting, Prague, 2005. V. Robotka, H. , Nemeth, H. , Rozsa, E. , Sas, K. , Toldi, J., Vecsei, L. Az L-kinurenin neuroprotektiv hatasanak vizsgalata in vivo kiserletekben. Magyar Elettani Tarsasag LXX. Vandorgyőlese, Szeged, 2006. junius 7-9. VI. Vecsei, L. , Knyihar, E. , Klivenyi, P., Robotka, H. , Rozsa, E. , Toldi, J. Neurodegeneracio, neuroprotekcio es kinureninek. Magyar Idegtudomanyi Tarsasag XI. Konferenciaja, Szeged, 2007. januar 24-27. VII. Toldi, J., Robotka, H. , Kopcsanyi, T. , Sas, K. , Rakos,G. , Kis, Z. , Farkas, T. , Marosi, M. , Vecsei, L. , Racekova, E. and Burda, J. Neuroprotective effects of repeated transient global ischemia and of kynurenine administration induced by four-vessel occlusions on hippocampal CA1 neurons. 7 Gottingen Meeting of the German Neuroscience Society, 31 Gottingen Neurobiology Conference, March 29 – April 1. 2007. T35-16C. VIII. Robotka, H. Recent findings in kynurenine research in the field of experimental stroke models. 3rd Central Eastern European Neurological Symposium, Szeged, Hotel Novotel April 26-28, 2007.
Effects of Fecal Microbial Transplantation on Microbiome and Immunity in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Macaques

ABSTRACT An altered intestinal microbiome during chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with mucosal dysfunction, inflammation, and disease progression. We performed a preclinical evaluation of the safety and efficacy of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) as a potential therapeutic in HIV-infected individuals. Antiretroviral-treated, chronically simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus macaques received antibiotics followed by FMT. The greatest microbiota shift was observed after antibiotic treatment. The bacterial community composition at 2 weeks post-FMT resembled the pre-FMT community structure, although differences in the abundances of minor bacterial populations remained. Immunologically, we observed significant increases in the number of peripheral Th17 and Th22 cells and reduced CD4+ T cell activation in gastrointestinal tissues post-FMT. Importantly, the transplant was well tolerated with no negative clinical side effects. Although this pilot study did not control for the differential contributions of antibiotic treatment and FMT to the observed results, the data suggest that FMT may have beneficial effects that should be further evaluated in larger studies. IMPORTANCE Due to the immunodeficiency and chronic inflammation that occurs during HIV infection, determination of the safety of FMT is crucial to prevent deleterious consequences if it is to be used as a treatment in the future. Here we used the macaque model of HIV infection and performed FMT on six chronically SIV-infected rhesus macaques on antiretroviral treatment. In addition to providing a preclinical demonstration of the safety of FMT in primates infected with a lentivirus, this study provided a unique opportunity to examine the relationships between alterations to the microbiome and immunological parameters. In this study, we found increased numbers of Th17 and Th22 cells as well as decreased activation of CD4+ T cells post-FMT, and these changes correlated most strongly across all sampling time points with lower-abundance taxonomic groups and other taxonomic groups in the colon. Overall, these data provide evidence that changes in the microbiome, particularly in terms of diversity and changes in minor populations, can enhance immunity and do not have adverse consequences.
Unabated schistosomiasis transmission in Erinle River Dam, Osun State, Nigeria: evidence of neglect of environmental effects of development projects

The status of Schistosoma haematobium infection around Erinle Dam in Osun State, Nigeria, was investigated 10 years after the disease was first reported in the area. School children in two rural communities (Ilie and Oba‐Ile) were examined for infection and the lake surveyed for snail intermediate host species between March 2000 and February 2001. Overall infection rate among 320 children examined in both communities was 46.6% (52.3% in Ilie and 43.0% in Oba‐Ile). Mean intensity of infection ranged between 144.2 ± 389 and 156.5 ± 378 eggs per 10 ml urine in Ilie and Oba‐Ile respectively (overall: 148.8 ± 378 eggs per 10 ml urine). Prevalence and intensity were comparable in both communities and between boys and girls, but varied significantly (P < 0.05) with age. Bulinus globosus identified by a previous study as the local intermediate host species was found to be abundant in the lake and occurred throughout the year, in contrast to seasonal occurrence reported previously. Both prevalence and intensity of infection also increased significantly over the levels reported 10 years earlier. These results are clear indications that transmission has remained unabated in the lake during the period. The need for urgent and effective national control programme to reduce the public health importance of schistosomiasis in Erinle and other dams in Nigeria was discussed.
Simulation of polar stratospheric clouds in the chemistry-climate-model EMAC via the submodel PSC

Abstract. The submodel PSC of the ECHAM5/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry model (EMAC) has been developed to simulate the main types of polar stratospheric clouds (PSC). The parameterisation of the supercooled ternary solutions (STS, type 1b PSC) in the submodel is based on Carslaw et al. (1995b), the thermodynamic approach to simulate ice particles (type 2 PSC) on Marti and Mauersberger (1993). For the formation of nitric acid trihydrate (NAT) particles (type 1a PSC) two different parameterisations exist. The first is based on an instantaneous thermodynamic approach from Hanson and Mauersberger (1988), the second is new implemented and considers the growth of the NAT particles with the aid of a surface growth factor based on Carslaw et al. (2002). It is possible to choose one of this NAT parameterisation in the submodel. This publication explains the background of the submodel PSC and the use of the submodel with the goal of simulating realistic PSC in EMAC.
One-Year Clinical Results With the Slow-Release, Polymer-Based, Paclitaxel-Eluting TAXUS Stent: The TAXUS-IV Trial

Background—The safety and efficacy of the slow-release, polymer-based, paclitaxel-eluting stent after implantation in a broad cross section of de novo coronary lesions at 1 year are unknown. Methods and Results—In the TAXUS-IV trial, 1314 patients with single de novo coronary lesions 10 to 28 mm in length, with reference-vessel diameter 2.5 to 3.75 mm, coverable by a single study stent, were prospectively randomized to the slow-release, polymer-based, paclitaxel-eluting TAXUS stent or an identical-appearing bare-metal EXPRESS stent. By actuarial analysis, the TAXUS stent compared with the bare-metal stent reduced the 12-month rates of target-lesion revascularization by 73% (4.4% versus 15.1%, P <0.0001), target-vessel revascularization by 62% (7.1% versus 17.1%, P <0.0001), target-vessel failure by 52% (10.0% versus 19.4%, P <0.0001), and composite major adverse cardiac events by 49% (10.8% versus 20.0%, P <0.0001). The 1-year rates of cardiac death (1.4% versus 1.3%), myocardial infarction (3.5% versus 4.7%), and subacute thrombosis (0.6% versus 0.8%) were similar between the paclitaxel-eluting and control stents, respectively. Between 9 and 12 months, there were significantly fewer myocardial infarctions (0% versus 1.1%, P =0.007), target-vessel revascularizations (2.4% versus 5.8%, P =0.002), and major adverse cardiac events (2.4% versus 6.3%, P =0.0009) in the paclitaxel-eluting stent than in the control stent group, respectively. Conclusions—The relative efficacy reported at 9 months for the polymer-based, paclitaxel-eluting TAXUS stent compared with the EXPRESS stent is preserved and continues to increase at 1 year, with no safety concerns apparent.
Genetic map of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, edition 9.

INTRODUCTION . 181 GENETIC MAP, GLOSSARY, AND LIST OF MAPPED GENES. 185 COMMENTS ON NEW ADDITIONS TO EACH CHROMOSOME.185 Chromosome I.185 Chromosome II.185 Chromosome Im . 185 Chromosome V.188 Chromosome V.189 Chromosome VI.s**. O.se. g.O. O.so. 189 Chromosome VII . 191 Chromosome VIII . 193 Chromosome IX. 194 Chromosome X.194 Chromosome XI.194 Chromosome XII . 197 Chromosome XI . 197 Chromosome XIV. 200 Chromosome XV. 201 Chromosome XVI.so. 206 Chromosome XVII.6**"* . 206 DISCUSSION. 207 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 208 LITERATURE CITED.208
Enhanced Discriminative Fear Learning of Phobia-Irrelevant Stimuli in Spider-Fearful Individuals

Avoidance is considered as a central hallmark of all anxiety disorders. The acquisition and expression of avoidance, which leads to the maintenance and exacerbation of pathological fear is closely linked to Pavlovian and operant conditioning processes. Changes in conditionability might represent a key feature of all anxiety disorders but the exact nature of these alterations might vary across different disorders. To date, no information is available on specific changes in conditionability for disorder-irrelevant stimuli in specific phobia (SP). The first aim of this study was to investigate changes in fear acquisition and extinction in spider-fearful individuals as compared to non-fearful participants by using the de novo fear conditioning paradigm. Secondly, we aimed to determine whether differences in the magnitude of context-dependent fear retrieval exist between spider-fearful and non-fearful individuals. Our findings point to an enhanced fear discrimination in spider-fearful individuals as compared to non-fearful individuals at both the physiological and subjective level. The enhanced fear discrimination in spider-fearful individuals was neither mediated by increased state anxiety, depression, nor stress tension. Spider-fearful individuals displayed no changes in extinction learning and/or fear retrieval. Surprisingly, we found no evidence for context-dependent modulation of fear retrieval in either group. Here, we provide first evidence that spider-fearful individuals show an enhanced discriminative fear learning of phobia-irrelevant (de novo) stimuli. Our findings provide novel insights into the role of fear acquisition and expression for the development and maintenance of maladaptive responses in the course of SP.
Outcomes for youths from racial-ethnic minority groups in a quality improvement intervention for depression treatment.

OBJECTIVE This study examined racial-ethnic differences in the impact of the Youth Partners in Care quality improvement intervention. The intervention was designed to improve access to evidence-based depression care, primarily cognitive-behavioral therapy and medication, through primary care. Previous analyses have shown that the quality improvement intervention was associated with improved depression and quality-of-life outcomes at the end of the six-month intervention period. METHODS A randomized controlled trial comparing quality improvement and usual care for youths from diverse racial-ethnic groups from five health care organizations, including managed care, the public sector, and academic center clinics, was conducted. Depressed youths (N=325), who self-identified as black (N=59), Latino (N=224), and white (N=42), aged 13-21 years, were included in these analyses. To evaluate intervention effects within racial-ethnic groups, regression models were constructed, which adjusted for baseline and study site variation in depression symptoms, mental health status, satisfaction with mental health care, and mental health service utilization. RESULTS Differential intervention effects were found across racial-ethnic groups. Black youths in the intervention group experienced significant reductions in depression symptoms and had higher rates of use of specialty mental health care at the six-month follow-up. Among Latino youths, the intervention was associated with significantly greater satisfaction with care. Intervention effects were weak among white youths. CONCLUSIONS Quality improvement interventions may help to reduce disparities in mental health care for youths from racial-ethnic minority groups. (
Temperature rise produced by different light-curing units through dentin.

AIM This study investigated the temperature rise caused by different light curing units and the temperature increase in dentin of different thicknesses. METHODS AND MATERIALS Dentin discs of 1.0 and 2.0 mm thicknesses were prepared from extracted human mandibular molars. Temperatures were recorded directly at the surface of the light guide tip, under dentin discs with different thicknesses, and through a sandwich composed of 2 mm thick cured composite and dentin using a K-type thermocouple. The curing units used were two quartz-tungsten-halogen lights (Spectrum and Elipar Trilight-ET) and a light-emitting diode (LED). RESULTS The highest temperature rise was observed under a Mylar strip using ET standard mode. Under 1 and 2 mm thick dentin barriers, the lowest temperature rise was measured for the LED curing light. Significant differences in temperature rise existed among all curing units except between the Spectrum and ET exponential modes under a 1 mm thick dentin barrier with cured composite. Temperature rises were insignificant between the Spectrum and ET exponential modes and between two modes of Trilight when the same experimental setup was used under a 2 mm thick dentin barrier. CONCLUSION For all curing units, temperature elevation through 2 mm of dentin was less than for 1 mm of dentin thickness. The ET standard mode produced the highest and the LED produced the lowest temperature rise for all tested conditions. The thickness of dentin and light-curing unit might affect temperature transmission.