Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Classroom and intervention contexts: Constructing spaces to be a reader

This paper examines the extent that the classroom and Reading Recovery contexts and associated teaching-learning activities formulated spaces that facilitated the recognition and enactment of one student's strategic reading abilities and the construction of his reader identity. The findings from a single-subject case study of Karl, a child who was receiving literacy support through Reading Recovery in conjunction with accessing the classroom literacy programme are examined. This single-subject case study was conducted as part of a larger study of Reading Recovery students' reading within both the classroom and Reading Recovery contexts. The original study arose in response to Reading Recovery and classroom teachers' expressed concerns that some children, who received additional literacy instruction in the one-to-one context of Reading Recovery, demonstrated disparate reading performance in the classroom compared with Reading Recovery. While these children appeared to be able to use reading strategies independently in the Reading Recovery context, they did not deploy them effectively within the classroom one. This study draws attention to the importance of analysis of social contexts, not just as a physical location but also as a space that constructs learning through interactions. This analysis of social spaces (classroom and Reading Recovery contexts) enables more comprehensive insights to be gained about the construction of reader identity and readers' strategic abilities.
A Comparative Study of the Turnover Intentions of Chinese Social Workers in Autonomous-Embedded and Dependent-Embedded Patterns of Professionalization

ABSTRACT This study investigates the key factors influencing turnover intentions of social workers, adopting a comparative approach within the two patterns. Based on planned behaviors theory, the personal attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived competences of social workers were measured to predict organizational and occupational turnover intention, with controlling variables being demographic factors, work-related factors, and professional perception. It was found that social workers from Guangzhou (as “autonomous-embedded” patterns) expressed stronger intention to leave their current organizations than did their counterparts in Beijing (as “dependent-embedded” patterns), and their attitudes played a salient role in the prediction of organizational or occupational turnover intention. However, personal attitude was not a determinant of either organizational or occupational turnover intention in Beijing. This research sheds light on the importance of subjective norms in dependent-embedded patterns, points out the dominant role of personal belief in autonomous-embedded patterns, and highlights the key role of job satisfaction in the turnover process.
Going Spatial: Applying Egohoods to Fear of Crime Research

A central theme in criminology is how fear of crime is influenced by the residential context. Most researchers rely on administrative neighbourhoods to define context. These administrative units do not necessarily align with how inhabitants experience their local surroundings. The present study combines administrative neighbourhoods with a more innovative way to measure context. Using geocoded survey data (N = 14.620) in combination with detailed geographic information system data, we construct egohoods with different radii (ranging from 50 to 750 m). We find that crime, ethnic diversity, economic status, disorder and facilities all have an effect on feelings of unsafety. The contextual effects differ in size and are not detected in all spatial contexts, indicating that it matters how and to which scale data are aggregated.
What Is New in Rome IV

Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are diagnosed and classified using the Rome criteria; the criteria may change over time as new scientific data emerge. The Rome IV was released in May 2016. The aim is to review the main changes in Rome IV. FGIDs are now called disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI). Rome IV has a multicultural rather than a Western-culture focus. There are new chapters including multicultural, age-gender-women’s health, intestinal microenvironment, biopsychosocial, and centrally mediated disorders. New disorders have been included although not truly FGIDs, but fit the new definition of DGBI including opioid-induced gastrointestinal hyperalgesia, opioid-induced constipation, and cannabinoid hyperemesis. Also, new FGIDs based on available evidence including reflux hypersensitivity and centrally mediated abdominal pain syndrome. Using a normative survey to determine the frequency of normal bowel symptoms in the general population changes in the time frame for diagnosis were introduced. For irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) only pain is required and discomfort was eliminated because it is non-specific, having different meanings in different languages. Pain is now related to bowel movements rather than just improving with bowel movements (ie, can get worse with bowel movement). Functional bowel disorders (functional diarrhea, functional constipation, IBS with predominant diarrhea [IBS-D], IBS with predominant constipation [IBS-C], and IBS with mixed bowel habits) are considered to be on a continuum rather than as independent entities. Clinical applications such as diagnostic algorithms and the Multidimensional Clinical Profile have been updated. The new Rome IV iteration is evidence-based, multicultural oriented and with clinical applications. As new evidence become available, future updates are expected.
Evidence for a Major Quantitative Trait Locus on Chromosome 17q21 Affecting Low-Density Lipoprotein Peak Particle Diameter

Background—Several lines of evidence suggest that small dense LDL particles are associated with the risk of coronary heart disease. Heritability and segregation studies suggest that LDL particle size is characterized by a large genetic contribution and the presence of a putative major genetic locus. However, association and linkage analyses have thus far been inconclusive in identifying the underlying gene(s). Methods and Results—An autosomal genome-wide scan for LDL peak particle diameter (LDL-PPD) was performed in the Québec Family Study. A total of 442 markers were genotyped, with an average intermarker distance of 7.2 cM. LDL-PPD was measured by gradient gel electrophoresis in 681 subjects from 236 nuclear families. Linkage was tested by both sib-pair–based and variance components–based linkage methods. The strongest evidence of linkage was found on chromosome 17q21.33 at marker D17S1301, with an LOD score of 6.76 by the variance-components method for the phenotype adjusted for age, body mass index, and triglyceride levels. Similar results were obtained with the sib-pair method (P <0.0001). Other chromosomal regions harboring markers with highly suggestive evidence of linkage (P ≤0.0023; LOD ≥1.75) include 1p31, 2q33.2, 4p15.2, 5q12.3, and 14q31. Several candidate genes are localized under the peak linkages, including apolipoprotein H on chromosome 17q, the apolipoprotein E receptor 2, and members of the phospholipase A2 family on chromosome 1p as well as HMG-CoA reductase on chromosome 5q. Conclusions—This genome-wide scan for LDL-PPD indicates the presence of a major quantitative trait locus located on chromosome 17q and others interesting loci influencing the phenotype.
Placental growth hormone, pituitary growth hormone, insulin-like growth factor, and ghrelin in umbilical cord blood serum and amniotic fluid.

INTRODUCTION In the search for biomarkers that allow the prediction of neonatal growth and development, placental growth hormone(PGH), pituitary growth hormone (GH1), insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and ghrelin concentrations were assessed in the amniotic fluid and in the umbilical cord blood of 92 neonates. MATERIAL AND METHODS The proteins were assayed by the ELISA method. Their concentration values were compared in 57 full-term neonates and 35 prematurely born neonates, as well as in both large (> 4,000 g) and small neonates (< 2,500 g). Also, body mass and placenta mass were compared. RESULTS Statistically significant differences both between prematurely born neonates and full-term neonates and between large and small neonates were obtained only in terms of the body mass of neonates and placenta mass. The concentration values of the hormones studied did not show statistically significant differences. A distinct tendency was noticed towards an increase in PGH concentration in both prematurely born and small neonates. In large neonates, statistically significantly higher IGF-1 concentrations were found compared to the prematurely born neonates. CONCLUSIONS Our studies indicate an important role for PGH in maintaining a proper IGF-1 pool and demonstrate the existence of a direct influence on the function of the placenta in prematurely born neonates through the activation of compensation mechanisms,which stimulate IGF-1 synthesis.
Reduction of circulating microemboli in the subclavian vein of patients undergoing haemodialysis using pre-filled instead of dry dialysers.

BACKGROUND Chronic microembolization that can be demonstrated by pulsed Doppler ultrasound may give rise to pulmonary side-effects during haemodialysis by direct vessel obstruction, increased complement activation or platelet aggregation. The objective of the present investigation was to study whether the use of pre-filled instead of dry dialysers would help to minimize the number of microemboli. METHODS The study cohort consisted of 23 patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis. Using a 2 MHz pulsed ultrasound device, the subclavian vein downstream to the dialysis fistula was investigated for 10 min during the dialysis session. The ultrasound examination was performed twice during two successive dialysis sessions, using a pre-filled or a dry dialyser in randomized order. RESULTS In all patients investigated, numerous microembolic signals (MES) could be observed in the subclavian vein. Treatment with pre-filled dialysers was associated with significantly less MES (82 +/- 94) as compared with dry dialysers (268 +/- 296; P = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS In comparison to dry dialysers, the use of pre-filled dialysers leads to a significant reduction in microembolization, which may prevent repeated damage to the pulmonary vasculature and, thus, cause less pulmonary damage.
Comments on 'A Supernova brane scan'

Recently we proposed that the acceleration of the Universe could be due to gravity leaking to extra dimensions. This scenario gives an alternative to the cosmological constant or quintessence. In [astro-ph/0106274] the authors claimed that this proposal is strongly disfavored if not ruled out by the existing data on Supernovae, Cosmic Microwave Background and clusters. We show that the work [astro-ph/0106274] contains incorrect statements in the theoretical part, and, moreover, we argue that the main conclusions of the work concerning the comparison with the data are premature.
Wheezing in childhood: incidence, longitudinal patterns and factors predicting persistence

Childhood asthma is frequently perceived as a disease with uniform clinical pathways. This perception might be an oversimplification. The aim of the present study was to investigate the incidence and natural course of wheeze over the first 13 yrs of life and analyse the risk factors predicting wheeze at 11–13 yrs of age. The Multicentre Allergy Study, a German birth cohort, recruited 1,314 children in 1990. Physical examinations, interviews on atopic diseases, immunoglobulin (Ig)E and lung function tests were performed up to 13 yrs of age. Complete data on the course of wheeze were available for 441 children. It was found that incidence of wheezing declined with age. The first wheezing episode was reported by 29, 9 and 9% of participants at ≤3 (early wheezers), 3–6 (late wheezers), and >6 yrs (very late wheezers) of age, respectively. Wheezing at the age of 13 yrs was associated with parental atopy, and with IgE sensitisation to common allergens, elevated total IgE and exposure to high levels of indoor allergens in early life. All these associations were remarkably stronger among early wheezers than among early nonwheezers. In conclusion, the relevance of an early expression of atopy as a predictor of wheezing at age 13 yrs declines with increasing age of wheezing onset.
Risk factors and mortality among newborns with persistent pulmonary hypertension

Objective: To determine the risk factors for persistent pulmonary hypertension of newborns (PPHN) and their influence on mortality. Methods: This was an observational study conducted at The Children’s Hospital & the Institute of Child Health, Multan, Pakistan, from July 2011 to June 2012.All admitted babies who had respiratory distress, cyanosis and evidence of hypoxia on ABG,s were diagnosed provided that they were having right- to- left or bidirectional hemodynamic shunting at the ductus arteriosus or at patent foramen ovale along with Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) jet >40 mm of Hg on echocardiography. All the demographic, maternal, antenatal, natal and postnatal data were recorded on a predesigned Performa. Results: There were 79 patients, including 61 males and 18 females. The most common risk factors observed in our study were male sex (72.1%), cesarean section mode of delivery (54.2%), positive pressure ventilation while resuscitation (44.2%) birth asphyxia (40.4%) and meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS)35.4%. It was found that male sex (88.8%), cesarean-section delivery (77.7%), respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) 44.8% and sepsis (44.4%) were more associated with PPHN in premature infants than with term and post term infants. Out of the total 79 patients, death occurred among 7 preterm and 14 terms and post term infants. As a whole, cesarean section mode of delivery (71.4%), birth asphyxia (57.1%) and female sex (52.4%) were found major risk factors associated with mortality. However, respiratory distress syndrome (Relative Risk RR=5), birth asphyxia (RR=2.5) and male sex (RR=2)were found to be associated with increased risk of mortality in preterm than term and post term infants. Conclusion: Male gender, cesarean section mode of delivery, MAS and RDS are the major risk factors for PPHN in any age group. RDS, Birth asphyxia and male sex are associated with increased risk of mortality in pre term than term and post term infants.
The Consistency of Composite Ratings of Teacher Effectiveness: Evidence From New Mexico

Contemporary teacher evaluation systems use multiple measures of performance to construct ratings of teacher quality. While the properties of constituent measures have been studied, little is known about whether composite ratings themselves are sufficiently reliable to support high-stakes decision making. We address this gap by estimating the consistency of composite ratings of teacher quality from New Mexico’s teacher evaluation system from 2015 to 2016. We estimate that roughly 40% of teachers would receive a different composite rating if reevaluated in the same year; 97% of teachers would receive ratings within ±1 level of their original rating. We discuss mechanisms by which policymakers can improve rating consistency, and the implications of those changes to other properties of teacher evaluation systems.
The SEC’s Publication of an Online Tool for Detecting Firms Doing Busi- ness in Countries Designated as State Sponsors of Terrorism Short-term Investor Reaction and Long-Term Consequences

In this paper, we study the impact of moral considerations on the equity market using the example of firms being stigmatised as terror supporting. In summer 2007, the SEC published an online-tool with information on firms doing business in State Sponsor of Terrorism countries. We take sides with those arguing that for moral reasons, investors will have traded on the information provided in the tool by selling stocks of mentioned firms. Hence, we hypothesise that stock prices of stigmatised sample firms will have fallen. Contrary to our expectation, we find no evidence of a negative stock price reaction during the time the tool was posted online but do find such reaction subsequent to the tool’s publication. Additionally, we provide evidence for the notion that stigmatisation is not transitory: During a long-time, four year period subsequent to the tool’s suspension, investors were able to earn positive abnormal returns from holding an equally weighted portfolio of sample firms.
Wake-up transceiver protocol for power line communications

This paper presents a wake-up transceiver system based on narrowband power line communications (NB-PLC). An energy-pattern based sequence detection algorithm is proposed for the recognition of a wake-up sequence by the receiver. The method is characterized by low computational complexity and does not require channel parameter estimation and adaption. Furthermore, a blind packet repetition technique is introduced that accomplishes periodic impulsive noise avoidance. A realistic and straightforward narrowband power line channel model is presented and the proposed wake-up protocol is verified against it in terms of Monte-Carlo simulations. It is demonstrated, that the method leads to significant improvements compared to state of the art low-complexity PLC systems in typical NB-PLC channels.
Does Innovation Mediate Firm Performance?: A Meta-Analysis of Determinants and Consequences of Organizational Innovation

This study uses emerging meta-analytic methods, in combination with structural equations methodology, to synthesize empirical studies that examine the correlates (antecedents and/or outcomes) of organizational innovation. Overall, this study draws upon a meta-analytic database of 134 independent samples from 83 studies from the period of 1980 through 2003. Specifically, the study examines the impact of 27 determinants and 3 performance outcomes of innovation with an overall sample size of 122,943. Organizational capabilities and structure account for the majority of unique variance explained in predicting innovation. Overall findings indicate that innovation is significantly and positively related to superior performance. Additionally, a multivariate generalized least squares (GLS) moderator analysis indicates that measurement factors and research design considerations in model specification significantly biases the observed effects within a given study. Using a dichotomous measure of innovation deflates observed effect sizes, while studying innovation cross-sectionally and within one industry sector inflates the observed effect. The findings also help address a number of conflicting results. Finally, this study tests an integrative model of product innovation and finds support for innovation as a partial mediator between environmental and organizational variables and financial performance. The study identifies surpluses and shortages in the empirical literature on organizational innovation.
A direct Lebeau-Robbiano strategy for the observability of heat-like semigroups

This paper generalizes and simplifies abstract results of Miller and Seidman on the cost of fast control/observation. It deduces final-observability of an evolution semigroup from a spectral inequality, i.e. some stationary observability property on some spaces associated to the generator, e.g. spectral subspaces when the semigroup has an integral representation via spectral measures. words Contrary to the original Lebeau-Robbiano strategy, it does not have recourse to null-controllability and it yields the optimal bound of the cost when applied to the heat equation, i.e. $c_0\exp(c/T)$, or to the heat diffusion in potential wells observed from cones, i.e. $c_0\exp(c/T^\beta)$ with optimal $\beta$. It also yields simple upper bounds for the cost rate $c$ in terms of the spectral rate. This paper also gives geometric lower bounds on the spectral and cost rates for heat, diffusion and Ginzburg-Landau semigroups, including on non-compact Riemannian manifolds, based on $L^2$ Gaussian estimates.
The Relation between Learning Styles according to the Whole Brain Model and Emotional Intelligence: A Study of University Students

There has been considerable academic interest in learning styles in recent decades aimed at developing more efficient methodologies in the teaching-learning process. However, few studies have analysed the existing relationship between learning styles according to the whole brain model and emotional intelligence in university students, the proposal of the present research. Methodology: Dominant learning styles were measured with the Whole Brain Theory Diagnosis, a shortened adaptation of the Herrmann Brain Dominance Instrument. Emotional intelligence was measured using a simplified adaptation of the Spanish version of the Trait Meta-Mood Scale. Results: Learning styles based on mixed dominances positively influence the development of emotional intelligence. Learning styles associated with the right hemisphere were also found to have a greater impact on emotional intelligence. Conclusions: Students should be trained in a learning style that enables the use of mixed dominances, thereby contributing to the development of their emotional intelligence.
Building Member's Relationship Quality Toward Online Community From The Elaboration Likelihood Model Perspective

This study proposes a set of hypotheses based on the perspective of the elaboration likelihood model (ELM) of persuasion, a conceptual model that explains the formation of member’s relationship quality and subsequent behavioral loyalty that are prompted by central and peripheral cues, namely argument quality and source credibility. Moreover, we also argue that the extents to which argument quality and source credibility influence the formation of relationship quality are moderated by two factors: member’s perceived personal relevance and user expertise. Based on a sample of 320 members from several well-known interest-based online communities, our research findings show that (1) both argument quality and source credibility have positive effects on member’s perceived relationship quality and relationship quality has a positive and significant effect on behavioral loyalty; and (2) both personal relevance and user expertise positively moderate the relationship between argument quality and relationship quality, and negatively moderate the relationship between source credibility and relationship quality. Implications for practitioners and researchers and suggestions for future research are also addressed in this study.
WHAT MIGHT BE LEARNED FROM STUDYING LANGUAGE IN THE CHIMPANZEE? THE IMPORTANCE OF SYMBOLIZING ONESELF

Ten years ago, there was little reason to believe that much could be learned from studying language in the chimpanzee. Earlier reports (Hayes 1951; Kellogg & Kellogg 1967) of a chimpanzee’s inability to use language seemed to demonstrate that biological factors limited the extent to which the chimpanzee could learn to use abstract symbols. Thanks to the work of the Gardners (1969, 1971), Premack (1970a, 1971b), Fouts (1972b, 1975a,c), and Rumbaugh and Glasersfeld (1973), we now know a chimpanzee has a much larger linguistic potential than was ever imagined. Once allowance was made for the vocal limitations of a chimpanzee (Lieberman 1968; Lieberman, Klatt, & Wilson 1972), it became possible to teach it to use arbitrary gestures, plastic tokens, or the lexigrams of a computer console in a manner that parallels the human use of single symbols. Most provocative have been demonstrations that chimpanzees can use sequences of symbols. This suggests a syntactic potential as well as a symbolic one.