Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MATERNAL POSTPARTUM DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AND 4-MONTH MOTHER-INFANT INTERACTION

Beatrice Beebe, PhD, New York State Psychiatric Institute; Frank Lachmann, PhD, Institute for the Psychoanalytic Study of Subjectivity; Joseph Jaffe, MD, Sara Markese, PhD, Karen A. Buck, MA, Patricia Cohen, PhD, Stanley Feldstein, PhD, and Howard Andrews, PhD, New York State Psychiatric Institute; Henian Chen, MD, PhD, College of Public Health, University of South Florida. This research was supported by The National Institute of Mental Health (Grant MH56130), The Psychoanalytic Fund, the Kohler Foundation, the Edward Aldwell Mother-Infant Research Fund, and the Los Angeles Infant Research and Psychoanalysis Fund. We thank our filming/coding team: Caroline Flaster, Donna Demetri-Friedman, Helen Demetriades, Nancy Freeman, Patricia Goodman, Michaela Hager-Budny, Elizabeth Helbraun, Allyson Hentel, Tammy Kaminer, Sandra Triggs Kano, Limor Kaufman-Balamuth, Greg Kushnick, Lisa Marquette, Jill Putterman, Jane Roth, Shanee Stepakoff, and Lauren Ellman. We also thank our lab assistants: Claire Jaffe, Daniella Polyak, Julia Reuben, Priscilla Caldwell, Jessica Lateck, Carol Scheik-Gamble, Danny Sims, Jake Freeman, Brianna Hailey, Alla Chavarga, Nidhi Parashar, Josianne Moise, Sarah Temech, Hope Igleheart, Yana Kuchirko, Elizabeth White, Greer Raggio, Kate Lieberman, Alina Pavlakos, Adrianne Lange, Kari Gray, Jennifer Lyne, Annee Ackerman, Fernanda Lucchese, Sarah Miller, Max Malitzky, Sam Marcus, Michael Klein, Kara Levin, Matthew Kirkpatrick, Lauren Cooper, Helen Weng, Iskra Smiljanic, and Christy Meyer. Finally, we thank our students and colleagues who contributed: Sara Hahn-Burke, Nancy Freeman, Michael Ritter, Glenn Bromley, Robert Gallaghan, Naomi Cohen, Paulette Landesman, Tina Lupi, Jillian Miller, Alan Phelan, Danielle Phelan, Katherine Weinberg, Edward Tronick, Doris Silverman, Anni Bergman, Lin Reicher, George Downing, Estelle Shane, and the Monday afternoon seminar, who consulted on our findings. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Beatrice Beebe, PhD, New York State Psychiatric Institute #108, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032. E-mail: beebebe@pi.cpmc. columbia.edu Psychoanalytic Psychology © 2012 American Psychological Association 2012, Vol. 29, No. 4, 383–407 0736-9735/12/$12.00 DOI: 10.1037/a0029387
The Dynamics of Connexin Expression, Degradation and Localisation Are Regulated by Gonadotropins during the Early Stages of In Vitro Maturation of Swine Oocytes

Gap junctional communication (GJC) plays a primordial role in oocyte maturation and meiotic resumption in mammals by directing the transfer of numerous molecules between cumulus cells and the oocyte. Gap junctions are made of connexins (Cx), proteins that regulate GJC in numerous ways. Understanding the dynamic regulation of connexin arrangements during in vitro maturation (IVM) could provide a powerful tool for controlling meiotic resumption and consequently in vitro development of fully competent oocytes. However, physiological events happening during the early hours of IVM may still be elucidated. The present study reports the dynamic regulation of connexin expression, degradation and localization during this stage. Cx43, Cx45 and Cx60 were identified as the main connexins expressed in swine COC. Cx43 and Cx45 transcripts were judged too static to be a regulator of GJC, while Cx43 protein expression was highly responsive to gonadotropins, suggesting that it might be the principal regulator of GJC. In addition, the degradation of Cx43 expressed after 4.5 h of IVM in response to equine chorionic gonadotropin appeared to involve the proteasomal complex. Cx43 localisation appeared to be associated with GJC. Taken together, these results show for the first time that gonadotropins regulate Cx43 protein expression, degradation and localisation in porcine COC during the first several hours of IVM. Regulation of Cx43 may in turn, via GJC, participate in the development of fully competent oocytes.
Priority Report Tumor Hypoxia Does Not Drive Differentiation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages but Rather Fine-Tunes the M 2-like Macrophage Population

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAM) are exposed to multiple microenvironmental cues in tumors, which collaborate to endow these cells with protumoral activities. Hypoxia, caused by an imbalance in oxygen supply and demand because of a poorly organized vasculature, is often a prominent feature in solid tumors. However, to what extent tumor hypoxia regulates the TAM phenotype in vivo is unknown. Here, we show that the myeloid infiltrate in mouse lung carcinoma tumors encompasses two morphologically distinct CD11bF4/80Ly6C TAM subsets, designated as MHC-II and MHC-II TAM, both of which were derived from tumor-infiltrating Ly6C monocytes. MHC-II TAM express higher levels of prototypical M2 markers and reside in more hypoxic regions. Consequently, MHC-II TAM contain higher mRNA levels for hypoxia-regulated genes than their MHCII counterparts. To assess the in vivo role of hypoxia on these TAM features, cancer cells were inoculated in prolyl hydroxylase domain 2 (PHD2)-haplodeficient mice, resulting in better-oxygenated tumors. Interestingly, reduced tumor hypoxia did not alter the relative abundance of TAM subsets nor their M2 marker expression, but specifically lowered hypoxia-sensitive gene expression and angiogenic activity in the MHC-II TAM subset. The same observation in PHD2þ/þ ! PHD2þ/ bone marrow chimeras also suggests organization of a betteroxygenized microenvironment. Together, our results show that hypoxia is not a major driver of TAM subset differentiation, but rather specifically fine-tunes the phenotype of M2-like MHC-II TAM. Cancer Res;
Mitochondrial DNA data indicate an introduction through Mainland Southeast Asia for Australian dingoes and Polynesian domestic dogs

In the late stages of the global dispersal of dogs, dingoes appear in the Australian archaeological record 3500 years BP, and dogs were one of three domesticates brought with the colonization of Polynesia, but the introduction routes to this region remain unknown. This also relates to questions about human history, such as to what extent the Polynesian culture was introduced with the Austronesian expansion from Taiwan or adopted en route, and whether pre-Neolithic Australia was culturally influenced by the surrounding Neolithic world. We investigate these questions by mapping the distribution of the mtDNA founder haplotypes for dingoes (A29) and ancient Polynesian dogs (Arc1 and Arc2) in samples across Southern East Asia (n = 424) and Island Southeast Asia (n = 219). All three haplotypes were found in South China, Mainland Southeast Asia and Indonesia but absent in Taiwan and the Philippines, and the mtDNA diversity among dingoes indicates an introduction to Australia 4600–18 300 years BP. These results suggest that Australian dingoes and Polynesian dogs originate from dogs introduced to Indonesia via Mainland Southeast Asia before the Neolithic, and not from Taiwan together with the Austronesian expansion. This underscores the complex origins of Polynesian culture and the isolation from Neolithic influence of the pre-Neolithic Australian culture.
Changing beliefs about teaching in large undergraduate mathematics classes

Many lecturers use teacher-centred styles of teaching in large undergraduate mathematics classes, often believing in the effectiveness of such pedagogy. Changing these beliefs about how mathematics should be taught is not a simple process and many academic staff are reluctant to change their ways of lecturing due to tradition and ease. This study describes the journey of a mathematician as he accepted the challenge to ask students to work interactively on well thought out questions in large lectures. The mathematician's espoused and enacted beliefs about lecturing were confronted through a cyclical process of developing questions, testing them in lectures, and refining them in collaboration with a research group. As he went through the process of testing and reflecting on his teaching practice, the gap between his espoused and enacted beliefs decreased as they became more aligned. The study demonstrates that the process of collaborative reflection with a team of educators can be a useful strategy for effecting change in lecturers' beliefs.
On second-order differential equations with highly oscillatory forcing terms

We present a method to compute efficiently solutions of systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that possess highly oscillatory forcing terms. This approach is based on asymptotic expansions in inverse powers of the oscillatory parameter, and features two fundamental advantages with respect to standard numerical ODE solvers: first, the construction of the numerical solution is more efficient when the system is highly oscillatory, and, second, the cost of the computation is essentially independent of the oscillatory parameter. Numerical examples are provided, featuring the Van der Pol and Duffing oscillators and motivated by problems in electronic engineering.
The Doylestown algorithm – a test to improve the performance of AFP in the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma

Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 North 15 Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102. Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA, 18901. 3 Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, University of Texas Southwestern, 5959 Harry Hines Blvd POB I Suite 420B, Dallas TX 75201 – 8887. 4 Department of Biostatistics, Division of Quantitative Sciences, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX. 5 Cancer Biomarkers Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD. 6 Drexel University School of Public Health, Nesbitt Hall, 3215 Market St., Philadelphia, PA, 19104 7 Thomas Jefferson University, 1020 Locust Street, Philadelphia, PA, 19102. 8 The Baruch Blumberg Institute, 3805 Old Easton Road, Doylestown, PA, 18902.
Improving Combinatory Categorial Grammar Parse Reranking with Dependency Grammar Features

This paper presents a novel method of improving Combinatory Categorial Grammar (CCG) parsing using features generated from Dependency Grammar (DG) parses and combined using reranking. Different grammar formalisms have different strengths and different parsing models have consequently divergent views of the data. More specifically, dependency parsers are sensitive to linguistic generalisations that differ from the generalisations that the CCG parser is sensitive to, and which the reranker exploits to identify the parse most likely to be correct. We propose DG-derived reranking features, which are obtained by comparing dependencies from the CCG parser with DG dependencies, and demonstrate how they improve the performance of a CCG parser and reranker in a variety of settings. We record a final labeled F-score of 87.93% on section 23 of CCGbank, 0.5% and 0.35% improvements over the base parser (87.43%) and reranker (87.58%), respectively.
Trajectories of HbA1c Levels in Children and Youth with Type 1 Diabetes

Purpose To illustrate the distribution of Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels according to age and gender among children, adolescents and youth with type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Methods Consecutive HbA1c measurements of 349 patients, aged 2 to 30 years with T1DM were obtained from 1995 through 2010. Measurement from patients diagnosed with celiac disease (n = 20), eating disorders (n = 41) and hemoglobinopathy (n = 1) were excluded. The study sample comprised 4815 measurements of HbA1c from 287 patients. Regression percentiles of HbA1c were calculated as a function of age and gender by the quantile regression method using the SAS procedure QUANTREG. Results Crude percentiles of HbA1c as a function of age and gender, and the modeled curves produced using quantile regression showed good concordance. The curves show a decline in HbA1c levels from age 2 to 4 years at each percentile. Thereafter, there is a gradual increase during the prepubertal years with a peak at ages 12 to 14 years. HbA1c levels subsequently decline to the lowest values in the third decade. Curves of females and males followed closely, with females having HbA1c levels about 0.1% (1.1 mmol/mol) higher in the 25th 50th and 75th percentiles. Conclusion We constructed age-specific distribution curves for HbA1c levels for patients with T1DM. These percentiles may be used to demonstrate the individual patient's measurements longitudinally compared with age-matched patients.
Full potential x-ray absorption calculations using time dependent density functional theory

We report the implementation of a fully relativistic time dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) method for carrying out x-ray absorption spectroscopy calculations for extended systems. This is the first time that a TDDFT simulation of x-ray absorption in extended systems has featured a full potential ground state calculation. We prove that this unusual feature of the TDDFT implementation unequivocally yields improvement over the previous muffin-tin calculation methods.
Creating an information-rich learning environment to enhance design student learning: challenges and approaches

The use of technology with engineering design students is well established, with shared workspaces being particularly supportive of the collaborative design process. This paper reports on a study where a design knowledge framework involving three learning loops was used to analyse the effectiveness of shared workspaces and digital repositories in supporting design education. The issues discussed include the relationship between knowledge and information structures, the importance of integrating information literacy support, and the need for different systems within the learning environment to support formal and informal storage of resources. These issues are explored within the context of experiences of working in a multidisciplinary team with different approaches, research methodologies, and discourses.
Epsilon-nets and simplex range queries

We present a new technique for half-space and simplex range query using <italic>&Ogr;</italic>(<italic>n</italic>) space and <italic>&Ogr;</italic>(<italic>n</italic><supscrpt><italic>a</italic></supscrpt>) query time, where <italic>a</italic> < <italic>d</italic>(d-1)/<italic>d</italic>(<italic>d</italic>-1) + 1 + γ for all dimensions <italic>d</italic> ≥ 2 and <italic>γ</italic> > 0. These bounds are better than those previously published for all <italic>d</italic> ≥ 2. The technique uses random sampling to build a partition-tree structure. We introduce the concept of an <italic>ε</italic>-net for an abstract set of ranges to describe the desired result of this random sampling and give necessary and sufficient conditions that a random sample is an <italic>ε</italic>-net with high probability. We illustrate the application of these ideas to other range query problems.
Assessment of the applicability of NO-NO 2 -O 3 photostationary state to long-term measurements at the Hohenpeissenberg GAW Station, Germany

Continuous measurements of concentrations of re- active gases, radiation, and meteorological parameters are carried out at the Meteorological Observatory Hohenpeis- senberg (MOHp) as part of the Global Atmosphere Watch (GAW) Program. NO, NO2, O3 and JNO2 data from a four-year period (March 1999-December 2002) are evalu- ated for consistency with photochemical steady state (PSS, 8=1) conditions. The extent of deviation from PSS reveals a strong dependence on wind direction at the station. Median values of 8 in the south sector are in the range of 2.5-5.7 and show a high variability. In contrast, values for the other directions show a relatively low variability around a median level of 2. When taking into account peroxy radical concen- trations (8ext =1) PSS was reached in 13-32% of all cases for the years 1999-2002. The differences in wind sectors can be explained by local effects. It is shown that the height of the sample inlet line, its distance to the forest and the surrounding topography has a strong impact on both the absolute and relative deviations from PSS. Global irradiance and thus, photolysis of NO2 is reduced within the dense forest. Since the reaction of NO with O3 is still proceeding under these conditions, increased NO2/NO ratios are produced locally in air which is trans- ported through the forest and advected to the MOHp site. Estimates of the peroxy radical concentration (RO2) in- ferred from PSS are compared with peroxy radical measure- ments made at the site in June 2000 during a three-week cam- paign. The PSS derived RO2 levels were higher than corre- sponding measured levels by at least a factor of 2-3. This analysis was made for a wind sector with minimal local ef- fects on PSS. Thus the corresponding 8 median of 2 can be regarded as an upper limit for a deviation from PSS due to chemical reactions, i.e. by peroxy radicals and possible other oxidants converting additional NO to NO2.
Oral health of seafarers - a review.

BACKGROUND Poor oral health of seafarers is known to cause pain and suffering for individuals and logistical complications for shipping companies during voyages. The aim of the study was to discuss the oral health of seafarers against the backdrop of available publications. MATERIAL AND METHODS A systematic review of all literature listed in PubMed up to August 2010 plus a hand search analysing origin of article, target group, data presented, and recommendations given. Excluded were papers on forensic dental identification and papers on mercy ships. RESULTS Most articles deal with oral health issues in the military, are published in English, and originate from the US or Great Britain. Screening systems, organisation of dental services, and the provision of dental treatment ashore and aboard are dominant themes. Papers dealing with the merchant navy, fishing vessels, and cruise ships crews mostly present basic epidemiological data, focus on oral health at sea, and originate from industrialised countries. The growing numbers of cruise ship passengers is the subject of seven studies. Generally, dental care offered to navy crews appears more comprehensive than that offered to civilian crews. CONCLUSIONS The research base needs to be expanded to cover all seafarers. Dental professional expertise should be sought in policy and guideline development relevant to oral health. A strategy comprising preventive, screening, and treatment service components should be developed and a certificate of dental health introduced. Funding strategies in a complex environment of transnational stakeholders for the improvement of oral-health services for seafarers are needed. Aspects of military oral health care systems could be an example for civilian operators.
PDZK1 and NHERF1 Regulate the Function of Human Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 1A2 (OATP1A2) by Modulating Its Subcellular Trafficking and Stability

The human organic anion transporting polypeptide 1A2 (OATP1A2) is an important membrane protein that mediates the cellular influx of various substances including drugs. Previous studies have shown that PDZ-domain containing proteins, especially PDZK1 and NHERF1, regulate the function of related membrane transporters in other mammalian species. This study investigated the role of PDZK1 and NHERF1 in the regulation of OATP1A2 in an in vitro cell model. Transporter function and protein expression were assessed in OATP1A2-transfected HEK-293 cells that co-expressed PDZK1 or NHERF1. Substrate (estrone-3-sulfate) uptake by OATP1A2 was significantly increased to ∼1.6- (PDZK1) and ∼1.8- (NHERF1) fold of control; this was dependent on the putative PDZ-binding domain within the C-terminus of OATP1A2. The functional increase of OATP1A2 following PDZK1 or NHERF1 over-expression was associated with increased transporter expression at the plasma membrane and in the whole cell, and was reflected by an increase in the apparent maximal velocity of estrone-3-sulfate uptake (Vmax: 138.9±4.1 (PDZK1) and 181.4±16.7 (NHERF1) versus 55.5±3.2 pmol*(µg*4 min)−1 in control; P<0.01). Co-immunoprecipitation analysis indicated that the regulatory actions of PDZK1 and NHERF1 were mediated by direct interaction with OATP1A2 protein. In further experiments PDZK1 and NHERF1 modulated OATP1A2 expression by decreasing its internalization in a clathrin-dependent (but caveolin-independent) manner. Additionally, PDZK1 and NHERF1 enhanced the stability of OATP1A2 protein in HEK-293 cells. The present findings indicated that PDZK1 and NHERF1 regulate the transport function of OATP1A2 by modulating protein internalization via a clathrin-dependent pathway and by enhancing protein stability.
2D anti-de Sitter gravity as a conformally invariant mechanical system

We show that two-dimensional (2D) AdS gravity induces on the spacetime boundary a conformally invariant dynamics that can be described in terms of a de Alfaro{endash}Fubini{endash}Furlan model coupled to an external source with conformal dimension 2. The external source encodes information about the gauge symmetries of the 2D gravity system. Alternatively, there exists a description in terms of a mechanical system with anholonomic constraints. The considered systems are invariant under the action of the conformal group generated by a Virasoro algebra, which occurs also as an asymptotic symmetry algebra of two-dimensional anti{endash}de Sitter space. We calculate the central charge of the algebra and find perfect agreement between the statistical and thermodynamical entropies of AdS{sub 2} black holes.
Rich Man, Poor Man, Politician Man: Wealth Effects in a Candidate Biography Survey Experiment

Research Highlights and Abstract We show that voters are sensitive to the relative wealth of election candidates. As candidates' earnings increase, so their popularity declines. Wealth is an especial negative for women, for working class respondents and for Labour and Lib Dem respondents. Conservative respondents are less put off by wealthy candidates, although they draw a sharper distinction between the source of income than others. This article reports the findings from an Internet survey experiment designed to investigate the British public's reactions to wealthy (or not so wealthy) candidates. We applied two experimental manipulations, one to wealth and the other to occupation. We varied occupation and the amount that the candidates earned each year. We found that voters preferred self-made businessmen to financiers, but that regardless of occupation they reacted negatively to financial success. We discovered heterogeneity in responses, with women, working class and Labour and Lib Dem respondents being especially hostile to increases in income. Conservative respondents were less put off by wealthy candidates, although they drew a sharper distinction between the source of income than did others. The experiments provide support for the identity politics claim that voters want a representative who is ‘like them’; and suggest that political scientists should pay more attention to the representation of wealth and social class.
Horizontal transfer of oncogenes by uptake of apoptotic bodies

Tumor formation involves the accumulation of a series of genetic alterations that are required for malignant growth. In most malignancies, genetic changes can be observed at the chromosomal level as losses or gains of whole or large portions of chromosomes. Here we provide evidence that tumor DNA may be horizontally transferred by the uptake of apoptotic bodies. Phagocytosis of apoptotic bodies derived from H-rasV12- and human c-myc-transfected rat fibroblasts resulted in loss of contact inhibition in vitro and a tumorigenic phenotype in vivo. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis revealed the presence of rat chromosomes or of rat and mouse fusion chromosomes in the nuclei of the recipient murine cells. The transferred DNA was propagated, provided that the transferred DNA conferred a selective advantage to the cell and that the phagocytotic host cell was p53-negative. These results suggest that lateral transfer of DNA between eukaryotic cells may result in aneuploidy and the accumulation of genetic changes that are necessary for tumor formation.