Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Extraradicular Diffusion of Hydrogen Peroxide during Intracoronal Bleaching Using Different Bleaching Agents

Objectives. Extra radicular diffusion of hydrogen peroxide associated with intracoronal teeth bleaching was evaluated. Methods. 108 intact single rooted extracted mandibular first premolars teeth were selected. The teeth were instrumented with WaveOne system and obturated with gutta percha and divided into four groups (n = 27) according to the bleaching materials used. Each main group was divided into three subgroups (n = 9) according to the time of extra radicular hydrogen peroxide diffusion measurements at 1, 7, and 14 days: group 1 (35% hydrogen peroxide), group 2 (35% carbamide peroxide), group 3 (sodium perborate-30% hydrogen peroxide mixture), and group 4 (sodium perborate-water mixture). Four cemental dentinal defects were prepared just below the CEJ on each root surface. The amount of hydrogen peroxide that leached out was evaluated after 1, 7, and 14 days by spectrophotometer analysis. The results were analyzed using the ANOVA and Tukey's test. Results. Group 1 showed highest extra radicular diffusion, followed by group 3 and group 2, while group 4 showed the lowest mean extra radicular diffusion. Conclusion. Carbamide peroxide and sodium perborate-water mixture are the most suitable bleaching materials used for internal bleaching due to their low extra radicular diffusion of hydrogen peroxide.
Absence of HPV Infection Is Associated with Smoker Patients with Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oropharynx

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the survival of patients with SCC of the oropharynx, according to the presence of HPV and tobacco consumption. A total of 37 patients were followed up for at least 5 years after being diagnosed with SCC of the oropharynx. The biopsy tissue was submitted to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH) methods for broad determination of HPV presence, to identify the presence of high-risk viruses (16 and 18). 12 of the 37 (32.4%) samples were HPV positive, whereas the two specific types of virus were identified in two samples for HPV-16 and in no samples for HPV-18. We observed no significant effect of the virus in survival analysis, irrespective of tobacco consumption. The level of tobacco consumption was significantly higher in the group of HPV-negative patients (P = 0.0283), in which all the patients in this group were smokers. Therefore, HPV did not change the survival of patients with SCC of the oropharynx in this study, indicating that factors other than tobacco need to be studied in conjunction with it, and the level of tobacco consumption is significantly higher in the group of HPV-negative patients.
Effect of gender, height and race on orofacial measurements.

PURPOSE The aim of this study was to assess the influence of gender, height and ethnicity on anthropometric orofacial measures in the adult population, and the possible correlation between these measures. METHODS Anthropometric orofacial measurements were performed in asymptomatic volunteers, being 56 women and 44 men, aged 19 to 53 years. The measure were: upper lip height (sn-sto); lower lip height (sto-gn); filter height (sn-ls); upper third of the face (tr-g); middle third of the face (g-sn); lower third of the face (sn-gn); and distance between the outer canthus (ex) and cheilion (ch). RESULTS All measurements were larger for men than for women. There was a positive correlation between most of the measures. There was no correlation between height and anthropometric orofacial measures, except for the middle third of the face (g-sn) of men, which had a weak positive correlation. Afro-Brazilian subjects presented larger measures for the lower third of the face (sn-gn) and for the distance between the outer canthus (ex) and the left cheilion (ch) than white subjects. CONCLUSION Men have greater orofacial anthropometric measures than women. Height does not seem to have an influence on such measures.
Serum Alpha-L-Fucosidase Enzyme Activity as a Marker for Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Comparison with AFP Using ROC Analysis

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignant neoplasms. It is associated closely with cirrhosis and its prognosis is very poor because the diagnosis is generally late, when the disease is so advanced that any effective treatment is precluded. Therefore, early detection is important in the management of this type of cancer. Alpha-L-fucosidase enzyme has been recommended as a marker for HCC at an early stage in many countries allover the world. Purpose: To evaluate Alpha-L-fucosidase activity level as an early detection of HCC. Materials and Methods: Alpha-L-fucosidase enzyme. Levels were measured in 140 cases of chronic liver diseases including 50 patients with liver cirrhosis, 40 patients with chronic hepatitis and 50 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Results: Alpha-L-fucosidase enzyme levels were significantly higher in patients with HCC than those with chronic hepatitis (p<0.01) and cirrhosis (p<0.001), no significant difference was found between patients with cirrhosis or with chronic hepatitis and controls. In patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, α-L-fucosidase enzyme activity was correlated to the size of the tumor and the histopathologic grades but not to the Child Pugh grades and most of the liver function tests. Using the receiver operative characteristic (ROC) and the differential positive rate (DPR) curves, 10 µmol/L/min was the optimal cut-off value that differentiate patients with HCC from those with cirrhosis. At this level, the sensitivity, the specificity, and the diagnostic accuracy were 70%, 86%, and 73%, respectively. AFP was found to be significantly higher in patients with HCC than those with chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis. The best cut-off value of AFP was 100 ng/ml, at which the sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy were 52%, 96%, and 74%, respectively. The simultaneous determination of AFP and α-L-fucosidase enzyme raised the sensitivity of the test to 80% with specificity of 100%
Low Mach Number Modeling of Type I X-Ray Burst Deflagrations

The low Mach number approximation (LMNA) is applied to two-dimensional hydrodynamic modeling of type I X-ray bursts on a rectangular patch on the surface of a nonrotating neutron star. Because such phenomena involve decidedly subsonic flows, the time step increase offered by the LMNA makes routine simulations of these deflagrations feasible in an environment where strong gravity produces significant stratification, while allowing for potentially significant lateral differences in temperature and density. The model is employed to simulate the heating, peak, and initial cooling stages in the deep envelope layers of a burst. During the deflagration, Bénard-like cells naturally fill up a vertically expanding convective layer. The Mach number is always less than 0.15 throughout the simulation, thus justifying the low Mach number approximation. While the convective layer is superadiabatic on average, significant fluctuations in adiabaticity occur within it on subconvective timescales. Due to convective layer expansion, significant compositional mixing naturally occurs, but tracer particle penetration through the convective layer boundaries on convective timescales is temporary and spatially limited. Thus, mixing occurs on the relatively slow burst timescale through thermal expansion of the convective layer rather than from mass penetration of the convective layer boundary through particle convection. At the convective layer boundaries where mixing is less efficient, the actual temperature gradient more closely follows the Ledoux criterion.
User acceptance of eGovernment: Integrating risk and trust dimensions with UTAUT model

Studies suggest that there are factors that affects citizens' behavioural intention and adoption behaviour towards the use of government e-services. Low patronage of eGovernment has become an issue in developing nations. Therefore, this paper proposes an integration of trust dimensions and risk taken propensity to the UTAUT model. We tested the model on 101 university students in Malaysia. The survey instrument items were carefully selected from previously validated constructs. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the relationship between the constructs. The study showed that Performance Expectation, Peer Influence, Trust belief and Risk taken propensity are significant in predicting behavioural intention to adopt e-government. Furthermore, implications for practice and further research were also discussed.
Diagnostic accuracy of a hybrid approach of instantaneous wave‐free ratio and fractional flow reserve using high‐dose intracoronary adenosine to characterize intermediate coronary lesions: Results of the PALS (Practical Assessment of Lesion Severity) prospective study

We sought to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of instantaneous wave‐free ratio (iFR) and high‐dose intracoronary adenosine fractional flow reserve (IC‐FFR) compared with classical intravenous adenosine fractional flow reserve (IV‐FFR) to assess coronary stenosis severity. The usefulness of two hybrid strategies combining iFR and high‐dose IC‐FFR was also evaluated. Background: Physiological assessment of intermediate coronary stenoses to guide revascularization is currently recommended. Methods: Consecutive real‐world patients with angiographically intermediate coronary stenosis (40–80% diameter stenosis) were prospectively included in the PALS (Practical Assessment of Lesion Severity) study. In every target lesion iFR, high‐dose IC‐FFR and IV‐FFR were systematically measured to assess the accuracy of an hybrid sequential approach combining iFR and IC‐FFR. Results: A total of 106 patients with 121 intermediate coronary lesions were analyzed. Both, iFR and IC‐FFR showed a significant correlation with IV‐FFR (iFR: r = 0.60, 95%CI 0.48–0.70; IC‐FFR: r = 0.88; 95%CI: 0.83–0.92). High‐dose IC‐FFR provided lower FFR values than IV‐FFR (0.81 ± 0.08 vs. 0.82 ± 0.09, P = 0.25). Using a receiver‐operating‐characteristic curve an optimal iFR threshold of 0.91 for the screening test was identified. A sequential test strategy (initial iFR followed by IC‐FFR only in lesions with iFR <0.91) yielded an excellent diagnostic accuracy (96.7%, 95%CI 96.7–99.1%) with a sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predicted values of 100%, 94.7%, 91.8%, and 100%, respectively. A hybrid approach using the previously described iFR gray zone (0.85–0.94) also provided an excellent diagnostic accuracy (95%, 95%CI: 89.5–98.1%). Conclusions: In patients with intermediate coronary lesions a hybrid strategy by using a sequential approach of iFR and high‐dose IC‐FFR, provided a very good diagnostic performance to identify physiologically significant stenoses. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Performance of Statistical Tests for Source Detection using Random Matrix Theory

This paper introduces a unified framework for the detection o f a source with a sensor array in the context where the noise variance and the channel between the source and the sensors are unknown at the receiver. The Generalized Maximum Likelihood Test is st udied and yields the analysis of the ratio between the maximum eigenvalue of the sampled covariance ma trix and its normalized trace. Using recent results of random matrix theory, a practical way to ev aluate the threshold and the p-value of the test is provided in the asymptotic regime where the numbe r K of sensors and the number N of observations per sensor are large but have the same order of m agnitude. The theoretical performance of the test is then analyzed in terms of Receiver Operating Char acteristic (ROC) curve. It is in particular proved that both Type I and Type II error probabilities conve rge to zero exponentially as the dimensions increase at the same rate, and closed-form expressions are p rovided for the error exponents. These theoretical results rely on a precise description of the lar ge deviations of the largest eigenvalue of spiked random matrix models, and establish that the presented test asymptotically outperforms the popular test based on the condition number of the sampled covariance matr ix. This work was partially supported by french programs ANR-07 -MDCO-012-01 ‘Sesame’, and ANR-08-BLAN-0311-03 ‘GranMa’. P. Bianchi and J. Najim are with CNRS and Télécom Paristech , France. {bianchi,najim}@telecom-paristech.fr , M. Debbah is with SUPELEC and holds Alcatel-Lucent/Supéle c Flexible Radio chair, France merouane.debbah@supelec.fr , M. Maida is with Université Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8628, Franc e. Mylene.Maida@math.u-psud.fr , October 2, 2009 DRAFT
A Qualitative Study of Smoker Identity Among College Student Smokers

Background: This research was motivated by findings that college students who smoke cigarettes often self-categorize as nonsmokers, that is, they reject the social identity of “smoker. ” Objectives: The goal of the present study was to shed light on college students’ smoker identities beyond the smoker/nonsmoker dichotomy. Methods: Focus groups were conducted to investigate how college students categorize their own smoking patterns and to identify what behaviors and attitudes are associated with these different categories of smoker identities. Forty-one students from a western university participated in this study in November 2011. Results: The focus group results indicated that there were five distinct smoker identities on campus. Light and regular smokers were the daily smoker identities present, while stress, social, and drunk smokers were the occasional smoker identities. Moreover, each of these smoker identities was defined by a unique pattern of smoking behavior, attitudes, and motives. Conclusions/Importance: These findings support the notion that there are different types of smokers, both daily and occasional, in the college population. We suggest that researchers, healthcare providers, and prevention/intervention programs may all benefit from distinguishing between these different types of smokers.
A Systems Approach to Product Line Requirements Reuse

Product line engineering has become the main method for achieving systematic software reuse. Embracing requirements in a product line's asset base enhances the effectiveness of reuse as engineers can work on the abstractions closer to the domain's initial concepts. Conventional proactive approaches to product line engineering cause excessive overhead when codifying the assets. In this paper, we propose a systems-oriented approach to extracting functional requirements profiles. The validated extraction constructs are amenable to semantic case analysis and orthogonal variability modeling, so as to uncover the variation structure and constraints. To evaluate our approach, we present an experiment to quantify the extraction overhead and effectiveness and a case study to assess our approach's usefulness. The results show that our automatic support offers an order-of-magnitude saving over the manual extraction effort without significantly compromising quality and that our approach receives a positive adoption rate by systems engineers.
The Fish Invasiveness Screening Kit (FISK) for Non‐Native Freshwater Fishes—A Summary of Current Applications

for terrestrial plants of Australia and New Zealand. Based on the generally accepted premise that weeds in one part of the world will have an increased chance of being weedy (i.e., invasive) in other areas with similar environmental conditions, the WRA’s question and answer scoring system provided a conceptual, semi-quantitative basis from which to develop similar screening tools for a range of aquatic species. (2) Funded by the U.K. Department of Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra), five screening tools were developed from the WRA template, with permission from the original authors of the WRA: the freshwater Fish Invasiveness Screening Kit (FISK), a variation of FISK for non-native marine fishes (MFISK), the Freshwater Invertebrate Invasiveness Screening Kit (FI-ISK), a variation of FI-ISK for marine invertebrates (MI-ISK), and the Amphibian Invasiveness Screening Kit. Of these, the FISK for freshwater fishes was the first to be calibrated, (3) with subsequent applications of FISK in Belgium, (4) Belarus, (5) Japan, (6) Brazil, (7) and Mexico. (8) All but one of these subsequent applications involved a single assessor for each species, and the threshold value (i.e., 19.0) from the initial U.K. calibration (3) was used to distinguish between species classed as medium or as high risk of being invasive. The initial FISK calibration involved two assessors and focused specifically on England and Wales as the “risk
IUCL at SemEval-2016 Task 6: An Ensemble Model for Stance Detection in Twitter

We present the IUCL system, based on supervised learning, for the shared task on stance detection. Our official submission, the random forest model, reaches a score of 63.60, and is ranked 6th out of 19 teams. We also use gradient boosting decision trees and SVM and merge all classifiers into an ensemble method. Our analysis shows that random forest is good at retrieving minority classes and gradient boosting majority classes. The strengths of different classifiers wrt. precision and recall complement each other in the ensemble.
OF HIGH-SPEED DIGITAL CMOS CIRCUITS

This paper presents a comprehensive review of the major state-of-the-art high-speed CMOS digital circuits. Focusing in particular on dynamic circuits such as conventional DOMINO, conditionalevaluation DOMINO and contention-free DOMINO. Also some high-performance non-dynamic (static) circuit techniques will be reviewed such as dual-threshold (DVT) circuits. The relative performance of these circuits in terms of speed, power, and noise margins is presented. Also the effects of technology scaling into the deep sub-micron regime on these techniques are evaluated and presented.
Possible Four-Electrode Configurations for Measuring Cardiac Tissue Fiber Rotation

A number of electrode configurations, based on the usual four-electrode probe, are analysed in relation to the effect that changes in cardiac fiber rotation have on the potentials measured. Simulations are carried out using a mathematical model and a new solution technique, based on Fourier series followed by a simple one-dimensional finite difference scheme. This electrode analysis leads to the proposal of an in-principle method for determining cardiac fiber rotation
Differences in Learning Strategies, Goal Orientations, and Self-Concept between Overachieving, Normal-Achieving, and Underachieving Secondary Students

The aims of this work were to identify and establish differential characteristics in learning strategies, goal orientations, and self-concept between overachieving, normal-achieving and underachieving secondary students. A total of 1400 Spanish first and second year high school students from the South-East geographical area participated in this study. Three groups of students were established: a group with underachieving students, a group with a normal level of achievement, and a third group with overachieving students. The students were assigned to each group depending on the residual punctuations obtained from a multiple regression analysis in which the punctuation of an IQ test was the predictor and a measure composed of the school grades of nine subjects was the criteria. The results of one-way ANOVA and the Games-Howell post-hoc test showed that underachieving students had significantly lower punctuations in all of the measures of learning strategies and learning goals, as well as all of the academic self-concept, personal self-concept, parental relationship, honesty, and personal stability factors. In contrast, overachieving students had higher punctuations than underachieving students in the same variables and higher punctuations than normal-achieving students in most of the variables in which significant differences were detected. These results have clear educational implications.
Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever among children in north-eastern Turkey

Abstract Aim: To analyse the epidemiological and clinical features of children with Crimean–Congo haemorrhagic fever (CCHF) in north-eastern Turkey. Methods: A retrospective study of demographic features and physical and laboratory findings in 21 children with CCHF is described. Clinical course, treatment modalities and outcome were analysed. Results: Most patients were admitted in June and July 2008; most were from the Gumushane and Kelkit valleys and half of them lived in rural areas. Mean (SD) age was 10.3 (3.9) years and the disease was more common in males (71.4%). Approximately 70% had a history of tick bite. The main symptoms were fever (17, 80.9%), nausea (11, 52.3%), malaise (10, 47.6%) and headache (7, 33.3%). At initial examination, approximately 70% of patients had leukopenia and 65% had thrombocytopenia. Anaemia developed during follow-up in six patients. Liver involvement was seen in 12 patients and one patient had acute tubular necrosis. Six patients had haemophagocytosis. Patients were hospitalised for a median 8 days (range 3–22) and nine patients had bleeding from various sites approximately 3–5 days after hospitalisation. Subcutaneous haematoma (6), especially epistaxis and at venepuncture sites (6) were the most common sites of bleeding. Pulmonary haemorrhage developed in two patients and they required ventilatory support. Overall mortality related to CCHF was 4.7% (one patient). Conclusion: Early diagnosis of CCHF and early referral to specialised centres are important for outcome. Exceptional epidemics may be seen in future owing to ecological and environmental changes.