Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Approximating labeled Markov processes

We study approximate reasoning about continuous-state labeled Markov processes. We show how to approximate a labeled Markov process by a family of finite-state labeled Markov chains. We show that the collection of labeled Markov processes carries a Polish space structure with a countable basis given by finite state Markov chains with rational probabilities. The primary technical tools that we develop to reach these results are: a finite-model theorem for the modal logic used to characterize bisimulation; and a categorical equivalence between the category of Markov processes (with simulation morphisms) with the /spl omega/-continuous dcpo Proc, defined as the solution of the recursive domain equation Proc=/spl Pi//sub Labels/ P/sub Prob/(Proc). The correspondence between labeled Markov processes and Proc yields a logic complete for reasoning about simulation for continuous-state processes.
Highly Sensitive Carbon Nanotube-Based Sensing for Lactate and Glucose Monitoring in Cell Culture

Monitoring of metabolic compounds in cell cultures can provide real-time information of cell line status. This is particularly important in those lines not fully known, as the case of embryonic and mesenchymal cells. On the other hand, such approach can pave the way to fully automated systems for growing cell cultures, when integrated in Petri dishes. To date, the main efforts emphasize the monitoring of few process variables, like pH, pO2, electronic impedance, and temperature in bioreactors. Among different presented strategies to develop biosensors, carbon nanotubes exhibit great properties, particularly suitable for high-sensitive detection. In this work, nanostructured electrodes by using multiwalled carbon nanotubes are presented for the detection of lactate and glucose. Some results from simulations are illustrated in order to foresee the behavior of carbon nanotubes depending on their orientation, when they are randomly dispersed onto the electrode surface. A comparison between nonnanostructured and nanostructured electrodes is considered, showing that direct electron-transfer between the protein and the electrode is not possible without nanostructuration. Such developed biosensors are characterized in terms of sensitivity and detection limit, and are compared to previously published results. Lactate production is monitored in a cell culture by using the developed biosensor, and glucose detection is also performed to validate lactate behavior.
Impact of Starting an Emergency Medicine Residency Program on Overall Mortality Rate in a Regional Trauma Center

Background CHRISTUS Spohn Hospital Corpus Christi - Memorial began an Emergency Medicine Residency Program in March 2007. During each of the three years of their residency, residents are required to complete a trauma surgery rotation. These emergency medicine residents are the only residents participating on this rotation as there is no surgical residency. The Department of Acute Care Surgery, Trauma and Surgical Critical Care analyzed the impact of the residents on trauma patient care outcomes with the hypothesis that there were no differences. Methods Data including length of stay in the hospital, length of stay in the intensive care unit, time spent in the emergency department (ED), morbidities and mortalities were compiled from the trauma registry for patients from the year before the residents began (March 1, 2006 to February 28, 2007) and compared with patients from the first year the residents began their trauma rotations (March 1, 2007 to February 29, 2008). T-tests and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare continuous variables and a Chi-square test was used to analyze the categorical variable (mortality). Linear and logistic regression analyses were also performed in order to adjust for potential confounding factors. Results Trauma patient admission rates were 1,316 before and 1,391 after the residents began. No statistically significant differences were found among all of the outcome variables during the two time periods except for time spent in the ED (P = 0.00), which increased during the year the residents began (236.83 ± 4.53 minutes in 2006 compared to 297.40 ± 5.55 minutes in 2007). Linear and logistic regression analyses confirmed these results with the exception of a statistically significant decrease in mortality with the residents on the trauma service (2.8% in 2006 and 2.1% in 2007, P = 0.00) after adjustment for multiple confounding factors. Conclusion The addition of emergency medicine residents to the trauma care service did increase ED length of stay, but did not increase overall hospital or intensive care unit length of stay. There was a statistically significant decrease in adjusted morbidity and mortality, thus supporting our hypothesis that the residency program did not negatively impact the trauma service and its goals of high quality patient care.
Benefits of Delayed Cord Clamping in Red Blood Cell Alloimmunization

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Several studies have shown the benefits of delayed cord clamping (DCC) in preterm and in healthy newborns at short and long term. Our objective was to evaluate the potentials benefits and risks of DCC in red cell alloimmunization. METHODS: This was a comparative before/after study of all living born neonates followed after fetal anemia requiring in utero transfusion. DCC was defined as cord clamping 30 seconds after birth. RESULTS: We included a continuous series of 72 neonates: 36 without DDC (group 1) and 36 with DDC (group 2). Hemoglobin at birth was lower in group 1 (10.2 vs 13.4 g/dL, P = .0003); 7 (25%) neonates in group 1 vs 24 (70.6%) in group 2 had no anemia at birth (P = .004). The rate of transfusion was similar between the 2 groups. Postnatal exchange transfusions were more likely performed in the group without DCC than in the group with DCC (47.2% vs 19.4%, P = .0124). Delay between birth and first transfusion was higher in group 2 (0 [0–13] vs 1 [0–21], P = .0274). The maximum level of bilirubin, the rate of intensive phototherapy, and the total duration of phototherapy were similar in the 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: This study highlights a significant benefit of DCC in anemia secondary to red blood cell alloimmunization with a resulting decreased postnatal exchange transfusion needs, an improvement in the hemoglobin level at birth and longer delay between birth and first transfusion with no severe hyperbilirubinemia.
Prevalence of Depressive Symptoms and Related Factors in Korean Employees: The Third Korean Working Conditions Survey (2011)

The aim of this study was to analyze the association between general working conditions and depressive symptoms among Korean employees. The target population of the study was native employees nationwide who were at least 15 years old, and 50,032 such individuals were enrolled in the study. Depressive symptoms was assessed using the WHO-5 wellbeing index. Associations between general characteristics, job-related characteristics, work environment, and depressive symptoms were tested using chi-square tests, t-tests, and multiple logistic regression analysis. The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 39% (40.7% in males and 36.5% in females). Multiple regression analysis revealed that male subjects, older subjects, subjects with higher education status, subjects with lower monthly income, current smokers, and frequent drinkers were more likely to have depressive symptoms. In addition, longer weekly work hours, occupation type (skilled, unskilled, operative, or economic sector), shift work, working to tight deadlines, exposure to stress at work, and hazard exposure were associated with depressive symptoms. This representative study will be a guide to help manage depression among Korean employees. We expect that further research will identify additional causal relationships between general or specific working conditions and depression.
Separations among Finnish women born between 1938-1967

The study of [marital] dissolutions in Finland until 1989 confirms corresponding findings from other countries. Consensual unions and marriages preceded by consensual unions were less stable than direct marriages. We do not interpret this as a casual relation but rather as an outcome of a selection process. The choice of type of union is an indicator of the general attitudes and norms with respect to family formation and divorces. Furthermore it is no longer meaningful to classify the unions according to formal marital status at the entry into the union. At present less than one union out of ten is a direct marriage and we should instead focus on the marital status at entry into parenthood. (EXCERPT)
HUBUNGAN TINGKAT STRES DENGAN DURASI WAKTU BERMAIN GAME ONLINE PADA REMAJA DI MANADO

Abstract: Stress is a reaction or response of body to a psychosocial stressor (mental stress or load life). Adolescence constitute to a transition, where Adolescence are usually susceptible of stress, one of the way of Adolescence to move stress is to play online games. The aim of this research is to know the correlation between stress level with the duration playing online games on Adolescence in Manado. This research based on analytic survey with cross sectional method. The samples in this research was taken with an accidental sampling technique that is 66 peoples. The instrument that used was questionnaire and interview paper. The result of this research using analysis statistic Fisher's Exact Test with a significant level α = 0,05 or 95%. The result of statistic test have gained value p = 0,024 < α = 0,05. The conclusion of this research, there is a correlation between stress level with the duration playing online games on Adolescence in Manado. Keywords : Stress Level, Adolescence, Duration, Online Games Abstrak: Stres adalah reaksi atau respon tubuh terhadap stresor psikososial (tekanan mental atau beban kehidupan). Masa remaja merupakan masa transisi, masa dimana remaja rentan terhadap stres, salah satu cara remaja untuk mengalihan stres adalah dengan bermain game online. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat stres dengan durasi waktu bermain game online pada remaja di Manado. Penelitian ini bersifat survei analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional, Sampel diambil dengan teknik pengambilan Accidental sampling yaitu sebanyak 66 orang. Instrumen yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Kuesioner dan lembar wawancara. Hasil penelitian menggunakan analisis uji statistik Fisher's Exact Test dengan tingkat kemaknaan α = 0,05 atau 95%. Hasil uji statistik didapatkan nilai p = 0,024 < α = 0,05. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yaitu ada hubungan tingkat stres dengan durasi waktu bermain game online pada remaja di Manado. Kata Kunci : Tingkat Stres, Remaja, Durasi Waktu , Game Online.
Association of ABO blood groups with diabetes mellitus

Objective: So far no studies have been performed in Malaysia to look at association of diabetes mellitus (DM) with blood groups. We studied the association of ABO blood groups with DM type 2. Patients and methodology: It was a case control study conducted at Kepala Batas Hospital Batas, Penang, Malaysia in the year 2009, involving 70 patients with DM type 2 and 140 healthy controls. Ethical approval was obtained from Universiti Sains Malaysia. Blood samples were collected from the patients after consent. Samples were tested for ABO blood groups using ID-Card gel method. Results: Chi-square test results showed that there was an association between the ABO blood groups and DM type 2. It was found that A and O blood groups were negatively associated with DM type 2 (P<0.05) with higher percentage of A and O groups individuals were non-diabetic. No significant association was noted between DM type 2 and blood groups B (P=0.423) and AB (P=0.095). It was also noted that B blood group was distributed with highest percentage among patients with DM type 2 (53.71%) compared to controls (22.52%), but no statistical significance achieved. Conclusion: The results obtained suggest that there was a negative association between ABO blood groups A and O with DM type 2, with A and O group having less chances of diabetes. Large studies in other ethnic groups are needed to confirm these results.
Coupled principal component analysis

A framework for a class of coupled principal component learning rules is presented. In coupled rules, eigenvectors and eigenvalues of a covariance matrix are simultaneously estimated in coupled equations. Coupled rules can mitigate the stability-speed problem affecting noncoupled learning rules, since the convergence speed in all eigendirections of the Jacobian becomes widely independent of the eigenvalues of the covariance matrix. A number of coupled learning rule systems for principal component analysis, two of them new, is derived by applying Newton's method to an information criterion. The relations to other systems of this class, the adaptive learning algorithm (ALA), the robust recursive least squares algorithm (RRLSA), and a rule with explicit renormalization of the weight vector length, are established.
Simulation of Flexible Multibody Systems Using Linear Graph Theory

This chapter provides a general description of a variational graph-theoretic formulation for simulation of flexible multibody systems (FMS) which includes a brief review of linear graph principles required to formulate this algorithm. The system is represented by a linear graph, in which nodes represent reference frames on flexible bodies, and edges represent components that connect these frames. To generate the equations of motion with elastic deformations, the flexible bodies are discretized using two types of finite elements. The first is a 2 node 3-D beam element based on Mindlin kinematics with quadratic rotation. This element is used to discretize unidirectional bodies such as links of flexible systems. The second, consists of a triangular thin shell element based on the discrete Kirchhoff criterion and can be used to discretize bidirectional bodies such as high speed lightweight manipulators, deployable space structures and micro-nano electro-mechanical systems (MEMS).
Control of Single-Phase Grid-Connected Inverters With Nonlinear Loads

This paper presents a control of single-phase grid-interactive inverters with nonlinear loads. The utility-connected inverter should operate at both stand-alone and grid-connected modes. However, the waveform qualities of the grid current in grid-connected mode and the output voltage in stand-alone mode are poor under the nonlinear critical load with the conventional control. The impact of the nonlinear load on the grid current is analyzed. The proposed control is illustrated in detail. By adding the load current into the filter inductor current loop, the influence of the nonlinear load on the grid current can be eliminated, and the waveform quality of the output voltage in stand-alone mode can be improved. The control method is simple and easy to be achieved. The grid-connected inverter is stable at both modes. The filter inductor is chosen. Simulation and experimental results from a 1-kW dual-buck full-bridge grid-interactive inverter with a diode rectifier load verify the theoretical analysis.
Adaptation and validation of an estonian version of the general self-efficacy scale (ESES)

Abstract General self-efficacy pertains to the subjective confidence of being able to master stressful demands by means of adaptive action. A strong sense of personal efficacy is related to better health, higher achievement, and more social integration. General self-efficacy is measured with a ten-item scale by Schwarzer and Jerusalem (1995) which has been proven reliable and valid in various field studies. The aim of the present study was to develop an Estonian version of this instrument. A total of 670 participants (378 women and 292 men) consisting of three subgroups (290 healthy individuals, 228 mentally ill and 152 physically ill patients) filled in a questionnaire containing the ten-item Estonian Self-Efficacy Scale (ESES), and further items assessing related psychoemotional variables such as depression, anxiety, stress, affectivity, self-control and irrational beliefs. The psychometric properties of the ESES turned out to be satisfactory, and reliability and validity indices were mostly in line wit.
An Empirical Study of Communication Infrastructures Towards the Smart Grid: Design, Implementation, and Evaluation

The smart grid features ubiquitous interconnections of power equipments to enable two-way flows of electricity and information for various intelligent power management applications, such as accurate relay protection and timely demand response. To fulfill such pervasive equipment interconnects, a full-fledged communication infrastructure is of great importance in the smart grid. There have been extensive works on disparate layouts of communication infrastructures in the smart grid by surveying feasible wired or wireless communication technologies, such as power line communications and cellular networks. Nevertheless, towards an operable, cost-efficient and backward-compatible communication solution, more comprehensive and practical understandings are still urgently needed regarding communication requirements, applicable protocols, and system performance. Through such comprehensive understandings, we are prone to answer a fundamental question, how to design, implement and integrate communication infrastructures with power systems. In this paper, we address this issue in a case study of a smart grid demonstration project, the Future Renewable Electric Energy Delivery and Management (FREEDM) systems. By investigating communication scenarios, we first clarify communication requirements implied in FREEDM use cases. Then, we adopt a predominant protocol framework, Distributed Network Protocol 3.0 over TCP/IP (DNP3 over TCP/IP), to practically establish connections between electric devices for data exchanges in a small-scale FREEDM system setting, Green Hub. Within the real-setting testbed, we measure the message delivery performance of the DNP3-based communication infrastructure. Our results reveal that diverse timing requirements of message deliveries are arguably primary concerns in a way that dominates viabilities of protocols or schemes in the communication infrastructure of the smart grid. Accordingly, although DNP3 over TCP/IP is widely considered as a smart grid communication solution, it cannot satisfy communication requirements in some time-critical scenarios, such as relay protections, which claim a further optimization on the protocol efficiency of DNP3.
POLLEN DISCOUNTING AND THE EVOLUTION OF SELFING IN ARENARIA UNIFLORA (CARYOPHYLLACEAE)

Abstract Although most models of mating system evolution assign a central role to the male transmission advantage of selfing genotypes, empirical data on the male fitness consequences of increased self-pollination are still uncommon. Here, I use measures of pollen import and export by focal plants in genotyped arrays to investigate the effects of floral morphology and pollination environment on self and outcross male function. Plants from an autogamous population of Arenaria uniflora (Caryophyllaceae) exhibit complete pollen discounting relative to closely related outcrossers, as do morphologically intermediate F1 hybrids between the two populations. However, the low cumulative male fitness of hybrids probably results from reduced pollen number or competitive ability, rather than a nonlinear relationship with floral morphology. When surrounded by selfers, plants from the outcrosser population self-fertilize at nearly the same rate as selfers (>80%), but have much lower self male fitness due to reduced fruit set. Because outcross siring success is also extremely low (<8%) in this treatment, these mate-limited outcrossers are at male fitness disadvantage to both pseudocleistogamous selfers and nonlimited outcrossers. The relative male fitness of plants with different mating systems appears dependent on the ecological context, as well as on morphological trade-offs. Corresponding Editor: K. Holsinger
Hochbegabte Underachiever als Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene

Ausgehend von der bislang kaum beantworteten Frage nach der Entwicklung hochbegabter Underachiever werden die im Rahmen des Marburger Hochbegabtenprojekts von Hanses und Rost (1998) in der Grundschule identifizierten hochbegabten Underachiever (HBUA) als Jugendliche und junge Erwachsene mit parallelisierten und ebenfalls bereits als Grundschuler identifizierten hochbegabten Achievern (HBA; in der Grundschule: Vergleichbare Intelligenz, bessere Schulleistungen) und durchschnittlich begabten Achievern (DBA; in der Grundschule: Vergleichbare Schulleistungen, geringere Intelligenz) verglichen. Trotz vergleichbarer Intelligenz beider Hochbegabtengruppen in der neunten Klasse (IQ¯ = 128; HBUA: n = 18; HBA: n = 17; DBA: n = 17 mit IQ¯ = 104) gingen HBUA in der 9. Klasse seltener auf ein Gymnasium und machten seltener Abitur als HBA. Wahrend sich HBUA im Grundschulalter in verschiedenen Selbstkonzeptfacetten negativer beschrieben als HBA, zeichneten sie sich als Jugendliche nicht mehr durch derart negativere Selb.
The degrees of freedom of compute-and-forward

We analyze the asymptotic behavior of compute-and-forward relay networks in the regime of high signal-to-noise ratios. We consider a section of such a network consisting of K transmitters and K relays. The aim of the relays is to reliably decode an invertible function of the messages sent by the transmitters. An upper bound on the capacity of this system can be obtained by allowing full cooperation among the transmitters and among the relays, transforming the network into a K × K multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel. The number of degrees of freedom of compute-and-forward is hence at most K. In this paper, we analyze the degrees of freedom achieved by the lattice coding implementation of compute-and-forward proposed recently by Nazer and Gastpar. We show that this lattice implementation achieves at most 2=(1+1=K) ≤ 2 degrees of freedom, thus exhibiting a very different asymptotic behavior than the MIMO upper bound. This raises the question if this gap of the lattice implementation to the MIMO upper bound is inherent to compute-and-forward in general. We answer this question to the negative by proposing a novel compute-and-forward implementation achieving K degrees of freedom.
The Use of Sensory Integration Therapy by Intervention Service Providers in Malaysia

Sensory integration (SI) therapy is a controversial intervention used in intervention for children with disabilities that is popular in the United States. Little is known about the use of SI therapy for children with disabilities in educational centres in developing nations such as Malaysia. Supervisors and teachers from seven educational intervention centres in city-centre areas in Malaysia were interviewed on their use of SI therapy. Occupational therapists were found to have a major influence on the decision to use SI therapy by the interviewees. It was also found that SI therapy was implemented in a limited manner in these centres and that one of the primary factors that motivated teachers to use SI therapy was the perception that students’ behaviours were associated with sensory stimulation. Implications for evidence-based decision-making in developing countries are discussed.