Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Genetic Basis of Cognitive Impairment and Dementia in Parkinson’s Disease

Cognitive dysfunction is a common feature of Parkinson’s disease (PD) with mild cognitive impairment affecting around a quarter of patients in the early stages of their disease, and approximately half developing dementia by 10 years from diagnosis. However, the pattern of cognitive impairments and their speed of evolution vary markedly between individuals. While some of this variability may relate to extrinsic factors and comorbidities, inherited genetic heterogeneity is also known to play an important role. A number of common genetic variants have been identified, which contribute to cognitive function in PD, including variants in catechol-O-methyltransferase, microtubule-associated protein tau, and apolipoprotein E. Furthermore, rarer mutations in glucocerebrosidase and α-synuclein and are strongly associated with dementia risk in PD. This review explores the functional impact of these variants on cognition in PD and discusses how such genotype–phenotype associations provide a window into the mechanistic basis of cognitive heterogeneity in this disorder. This has consequent implications for the development of much more targeted therapeutic strategies for cognitive symptoms in PD.
The dual e ¤ ect of labour market participation on care provision for elderly parents

This paper focuses on the trade-o¤ between work and informal care among women aged 50 to 65. The existing literature provides heterogeneous results on the e¤ect of labour supply on care provision for elderly parents. In particular, existing empirical studies do not allow to conclude to a negative e¤ect of working on informal care provision whereas the standard microeconomic framework predicts a clear substitution between the two activities. To explain these results, we refer to sociology literature that provides evidence of a positive e¤ect of working on the propensity to provide care. We then propose a reformulation of the traditional microeconomic model and derive two testable implications. Using data from SHARE, a European multidisciplinary database of micro-data on health, socio-economic status and family network, we estimate an endogenous switching model. Our main nding con rms the results of the qualitative survey and suggests that the e¤ect of paid work on time devoted to care may be decomposed into (i) a discrete positive e¤ect, in which labour market participation positively a¤ects the propensity to provide care, and (ii) a continuous negative e¤ect, in which each worked hour reduces the time devoted to parental care. Simulations suggest that participation in the labour market reduces involvement in care for an elderly parent only for those working more than 26 hours per week. The overall e¤ect of labour market position is nally relatively modest and does not appear, among women, as a major determinant of informal care provision. Key words: Long-term care; informal care; labour supply; time allocation; endogenous switching model JEL Classi cation: C34, I12, J14, J22 Acknowledgements: I would like to warmly thank Agnès Gramain and Jérôme Wittwer, who helped me throughout this work. I am grateful to Marie-Eve Joël, Steven Stern, Bruno Ventelou and François-Charles Wol¤ for their valuable comments and suggestions on previous versions of this paper. *Correspondence to: Institut de Recherche et de Documentation en Economie de la Santé (IRDES), 10 rue de Vauvenargues, 75018 Paris, France. E-mail: fontaine@irdes.fr
Presenting professorship on social media: from content and strategy to evaluation

Technology has helped to reform class dynamics and teacher-student relationships. Although the phenomenon of online presentation has drawn considerable scholarly attention, academics seem to have an incomplete understanding about their own presentations online, especially in using social media. Without a thorough examination of how academics present themselves on social media, our understanding of the online learning environment is limited. To fill this void, this study aims to explore the following: (1) the content that college professors provide and the strategy they employ to present it on social media; and (2) how the public evaluates professors based on the content and strategy presented on social media. This study utilizes two methods. First, it conducts a content analysis of 2,783 pieces of microblog posts from 142 full-time communication professors' microblog accounts. Second, it conducts an online experiment based on a between-subject factorial design of 2 (gender: male vs. female) X 3 (topic: personal vs. professional vs. half-personal-half-professional) X 2 (fans number: few vs. many) X 2 (title: junior lecturer vs. senior full professor). The results indicate that “what the microblogger says” has little effect on the respondents' evaluations; instead, the question of “who they are” carries much more weight. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Determining rural risk for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhages: A structural equation modeling approach

An aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) carries a high disability burden. The true impact of rurality as a predictor of outcome severity is unknown. Our aim is to clarify the relationship between the proposed explanations of regional and rural health disparities linked to severity of outcome following an aSAH. An initial literature search identified limited data directly linking geographical location, rurality, rural vulnerability, and aSAH. A further search noting parallels with ischemic stroke and acute myocardial infarct literature presented a number of diverse and interrelated predictors. This a priori knowledge informed the development of a conceptual framework that proposes the relationship between rurality and severity of outcome following an aSAH utilizing structural equation modeling. The presented conceptual framework explores a number of system, environmental, and modifiable risk factors. Socioeconomic characteristics, modifiable risk factors, and timely treatment that were identified as predictors of severity of outcome following an aSAH and within each of these defined predictors a number of contributing specific individual predictors are proposed. There are considerable gaps in the current knowledge pertaining to the impact of rurality on the severity of outcome following an aSAH. Absent from the literature is any investigation of the cumulative impact and multiplicity of risk factors associated with rurality. The proposed conceptual framework hypothesizes a number of relationships between both individual level and system level predictors, acknowledging that intervening predictors may mediate the effect of one variable on another.
Before the flood: Loss of place, mnemonics, and ‘resources’ ahead of the Metolong Dam, Lesotho

Natural resource extraction projects such as dams and mines entail alteration to or destruction of natural and cultural landscapes. Heritage mitigation efforts often propose compensating for or salvaging material heritage, largely because this can be inventoried and evaluated alongside economic and environmental resources. Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) is often overlooked, despite the fact that tangibles, intangibles, and economic resources together constitute the impacted landscape. Writing from the perspective of western Lesotho’s Metolong Dam, we view landscape as an embodiment of intangible heritage to explore what ‘landscape loss’ consequent on dam-building entails. We contend that this process involves dissociating intangibles from their material correlates, and transforming landscape experiences by dissolving and re-constituting boundaries and ‘resources’ in line with developer perspectives. We suggest that considering interdisciplinary approaches to landscape theorisation and ICH achieves a more nuanced view of how landscape loss and ICH interrelate, and thus improves mitigatory practice.
Benign Orofacial Lesions in Libyan Population: A 17 Years Retrospective Study

Objectives: To analyze the frequency and type of benign orofacial lesions submitted for diagnosis at Tripoli Medical Centre over 17 years period (1997-2013). Materials and Methods: Entries for specimens from patients were retrieved and compiled into 9 diagnostic categories and 82 diagnoses. Results: During the 17 years period, a total of 975 specimens were evaluated, it comprised a male-female ratio of 0.76:1. The mean age of biopsied patients was 36.3±18.32 years. The diagnostic category with the highest number of specimens was skin and mucosal pathology (22.87%); and the most frequent diagnosis was pyogenic granuloma (14.05%). Conclusion: Pyogenic granuloma, lichen planus, radicular cyst and fibroepithelial polyp were found to be the most predominant diagnoses. Frequencies of most benign orofacial diseases were comparable to similar studies in the literature and to those reported from the eastern region of Libya. Further surveys are needed to define the epidemiology of orofacial diseases in Libyan population.
Opioid Maintenance Treatment as a Harm Reduction Tool for Opioid-Dependent Individuals in New York City: The Need to Expand Access to Buprenorphine/Naloxone in Marginalized Populations

The aim of this pilot study was to assess the effectiveness of buprenorphine/naloxone (BUP/NX) among marginalized, opioid-dependent individuals in terms of retention in and cycling into and out of a harm-reduction program. This pilot study enrolled 100 participants and followed them from November 2005 to July 2008. The overall proportion of patients retained in the program at the end of 3, 6, 9, and 12 months was 68%, 63%, 56%, and 42%, respectively. This pilot study demonstrated that BUP/NX could be successfully used to treat marginalized heroin users.
Abdominal aortic calcification detected by dual X-ray absorptiometry: A strong predictor for cardiovascular events

Abstract Background. Vertebral fracture assessment (VFA) using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry can visualize abdominal aortic calcification (AAC). AAC correlates with total atherosclerosis burden. We questioned whether VFA-detected AAC could be used for cardiovascular risk assessment. Methods. VFA images of 2,500 subjects were evaluated to detect and score AAC (n = 164). A random age- and gender-matched set of subjects (n = 325) without AAC served as control group. Patients with prior cardiovascular disease or procedures were excluded. Base-line cardiovascular risk factors and further cardiovascular events were checked. Design-based Cox regression analysis was used to examine the prognostic value of AAC for cardiovascular outcomes. Results. AAC-positive subjects were divided into two groups: low-AAC (score 1–3), and high-AAC group (score > 3). Mean age in the groups was 68, 68, and 71 years, percentage of females was 64.4%, 61%, and 66.1%, and the proportion of cardiovascular events within groups was 1.5%, 6.7%, and 11.9% in control, low-AAC, and high-AAC groups, respectively. Age- and gender-adjusted as well as multivariable analysis showed a significant, higher risk for cardiovascular events incidence in AAC-positive, low-AAC, and high-AAC when compared to the control group. Interpretation. AAC assessed with routine VFA was shown to be a strong predictor for cardiovascular events.
Use of pornography and self-reported engagement in sexual violence among adolescents

This cross-sectional study examined 804 adolescents, boys and girls, aged from 14 to 19 years, attending different types of high schools in the northwest of Italy; the questionnaire “Me and My Health” (Bonino, 1996) was used to collect data. The main goals were: (i) to investigate the relationship between active and passive forms of sexual harassment and violence and the relationship between pornography (reading magazines and viewing films or videos) and unwanted sex among adolescents; (ii) to explore the differences in these relationships with respect to gender and age; and (iii) to investigate the factors (pornography, gender and age) that are most likely to promote unwanted sex. The findings showed that active and passive sexual violence and unwanted sex and pornography were correlated. However, reading pornographic material was more strongly linked to active sexual violence, while being a boy was found to be protective against passive sexual violence. Nevertheless, some effects of viewing pornographic films on passive unwanted sex were also found, especially among girls.
Conceptions of place: approaching space, children and physical activity

In this paper, we argue that place mapping is useful for approaching children's conception of place and that this is of relevance when designing physical activity interventions. We contend that socio-material factors influence children's perception and use of places, and are crucial to understand in relation to their use of local neighbourhoods for physical activity. A place mapping of children's understandings and everyday use of their local neighbourhood in suburban Copenhagen was conducted with a fifth grade elementary school class. The mapping and subsequent analysis resulted in three categories of relevance to children's conceptions of place; located social experiences, experiences of the unknown, and children's contested spaces. We argue that such knowledge can provide useful information in the development and evaluation of activities that promote physical activity in urban spaces.
Presynaptic and Postsynaptic Interaction of the Amyloid Precursor Protein Promotes Peripheral and Central Synaptogenesis

A critical role of the amyloid precursor protein (APP) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis has been well established. However, the physiological function of APP remains elusive and much debated. We reported previously that the APP family of proteins is essential in mediating the developing neuromuscular synapse. In the current study, we created a conditional allele of APP and deleted APP in presynaptic motor neuron or postsynaptic muscle. Crossing these alleles onto the APP-like protein 2-null background reveals that, unexpectedly, inactivating APP in either compartment results in neuromuscular synapse defects similar to the germline deletion and that postsynaptic APP is obligatory for presynaptic targeting of the high-affinity choline transporter and synaptic transmission. Using a HEK293 and primary hippocampus mixed-culture assay, we report that expression of APP in HEK293 cells potently promotes synaptogenesis in contacting axons. This activity is dependent on neuronal APP and requires both the extracellular and intracellular domains; the latter forms a complex with Mint1 and Cask and is replaceable by the corresponding SynCAM (synaptic cell adhesion molecule) sequences. These in vitro and in vivo studies identify APP as a novel synaptic adhesion molecule. We postulate that transsynaptic APP interaction modulates its synaptic function and that perturbed APP synaptic adhesion activity may contribute to synaptic dysfunction and AD pathogenesis.
Effectiveness of influenza and pneumococcal vaccines in preventing pneumonia 1 development and hospitalization : a prospective cohort study 2 3 Running title : Influenza and pneumococcal vaccines 4 5

24 Pneumonia and acute exacerbation of chronic illness are leading causes of influenza-related 25 hospitalization. Therefore, influenza and pneumococcal vaccinations are strongly 26 recommended for adults with comorbidities. Using a hospital-based influenza surveillance 27 system, we performed a multicenter, prospective cohort study of patients visiting emergency 28 rooms with influenza-like illness (ILI) during the influenza epidemic period in 2013–2014. 29 Patients aged ≥ 19 years were enrolled, and clinical data was collected. Multivariate analyses 30 were performed to estimate the effectiveness of influenza and pneumococcal vaccination in 31 preventing pneumonia development and hospitalization. During study periods, 2,262 patients 32 with ILI were registered. Among 2,217 patients with available vaccination records, 31.9% 33 (707 patients) and 9.7% (216 patients) had received influenza and pneumococcal vaccines, 34 respectively. Among patients who had been administered a pneumococcal vaccine, 94.4% had 35 received the 23-valent polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23). The adjusted influenza vaccine 36 effectiveness for preventing pneumonia development and hospitalization was 64.0% (95% 37 confidence interval [CI] = 29% 81%) and 35.0% (95% CI = 12% 52%), respectively. 38 Pneumococcal vaccination did not reduce pneumonia development or hospitalization. In 39 conclusion, influenza rather than PPV23 vaccination may reduce pneumonia development 40 and hospitalization in patients with preceding ILI. 41
Self-organized energy efficient cellular networks

Base stations (BSs) are the main energy expenditure elements of cellular networks, considering the high coverage requirements and the fact that the total provisioned capacity is intended to match peak hour traffic demand. In this paper, we introduce energy saving algorithms based on coordination between network elements. We introduce the notion of energy partitions - associations of powered-on and powered-off BSs - to deliver energy saving with the objective of matching offered capacity with the traffic demand in a flexible manner. Our energy saving algorithms are based on shared knowledge of load and coverage information and enable an appropriate cell reconfiguration for achieving a network-level energy saving. Through a simulation-based evaluation, we analyze the performance of centralized and distributed algorithms under different network topologies and traffic conditions, highlight the benefits and drawbacks, and provide recommendations for deployment scenarios.
Quantitative Proteomic Analysis of Human Lung Tumor Xenografts Treated with the Ectopic ATP Synthase Inhibitor Citreoviridin

ATP synthase is present on the plasma membrane of several types of cancer cells. Citreoviridin, an ATP synthase inhibitor, selectively suppresses the proliferation and growth of lung cancer without affecting normal cells. However, the global effects of targeting ectopic ATP synthase in vivo have not been well defined. In this study, we performed quantitative proteomic analysis using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) and provided a comprehensive insight into the complicated regulation by citreoviridin in a lung cancer xenograft model. With high reproducibility of the quantitation, we obtained quantitative proteomic profiling with 2,659 proteins identified. Bioinformatics analysis of the 141 differentially expressed proteins selected by their relative abundance revealed that citreoviridin induces alterations in the expression of glucose metabolism-related enzymes in lung cancer. The up-regulation of enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis and storage of glucose indicated that citreoviridin may reduce the glycolytic intermediates for macromolecule synthesis and inhibit cell proliferation. Using comprehensive proteomics, the results identify metabolic aspects that help explain the antitumorigenic effect of citreoviridin in lung cancer, which may lead to a better understanding of the links between metabolism and tumorigenesis in cancer therapy.
Projection of lactation milk yield from part records in crossbred dairy cows

Summary First lactation records of a total of 242 Jersey (JH), Brown Swiss (BH) and Holstein-Friesian (FH) halfbreeds from Hariana cows were studied for projecting 300 d milk yield from 12,14,16,18, 20, 22, 24, 26, 28, 30, 32, 34, 36, 38 and 40 weeks’ milk yield. The correlation coefficients between 300 d milk yield and part records ranged from 0·84 to 0·9 in the JH, 0·80 to 0·90 in the BH and 0·72 to 0·86 in the FH groups. Prediction equations and standard errors of estimation for prediction of 300 d milk yield for an individual animal are presented. It is suggested that part records up to 16, 22 and 22 weeks may be used for projecting 300 d yield with sufficient accuracy in the JH, BH and FH groups respectively.
Association of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis and Periodontal Disease: A Double-Blind Case-Control Study

Background: Both osteoporosis (OP) and periodontitis are chronic inflammatory diseases associated with bone loss mediated by local and systemic factors. The two diseases share common risk factors. Previous studies have suggested that OP in itself is a predisposing factor for periodontal tissue destruction in postmenopausal women. However, only a moderate correlation has been shown between the two conditions. In this study, we compared the severity of periodontal disease in postmenopausal osteoporotic women and postmenopausal women without OP. Materials and Methods: The study group consisted of 100 postmenopausal women in the age group of 50-65 years: Group 1 (50 osteoporotic) and Group 2 (50 non-osteoporotic women). Periodontal parameters included sulcus bleeding index, oral hygiene index simplified, probing pocket depth (PPD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL), interproximal alveolar bone loss (ABL), and number of missing teeth. The correlation of periodontal disease status with systemic bone mineral density (BMD) was evaluated by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Results: The results indicated that osteoporotic (Group 1) women had a significantly greater PPD, CAL, and ABL when compared with the non-osteoporotic Group 2 (P < 0.0001). There was no significant correlation between BMD and various parameters between the groups. Conclusions: Within the limitations of the present study it was noted that postmenopausal OP is associated with an increased incidence and severity of periodontal disease. Educating postmenopausal osteoporotic women regarding the importance of good oral care should be part of their management regime. Hence, it could be inferred a possibility of a probable relationship between OP and periodontal disease, but long-term prospective studies are warranted in the future in order to provide definitive evidence.
Environmental Knowledge and Attitudes of Some Nigerian Secondary School Teachers

Summary Nigerian secondary school teachers (n – 360) of three subject groupings (arts, sciences and social sciences) were administered an environmental knowledge and attitude scale. The teachers generally demonstrated a low level of environmental knowledge, although the science and social science teachers were found to be more knowledgeable than their arts counterparts. Negative environmental attitudes were also found to be prevalent among the three categories of teachers. The study revealed that most of the teachers have never heard of environmental education and have never attended any workshop or seminar on teaching of the subject.
Authentic dialogue? The role of “friendship” in a social media recruitment campaign

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to contribute to emerging theory about the role of authenticity in social media use through discussion of a not‐for‐profit organisation's experiences of using social networking to communicate with potential stakeholders during a recruitment campaign.Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses critical discourse analysis of semi‐structured interviews with organisational spokespersons to examine the use of social media by this not‐for‐profit organisation.Findings – The organisation attempted to re‐position its identity to appear “authentic” to potential young stakeholders, and to use social media to build a dialogue that would attract new recruits to the industry. The paper discusses the challenges and opportunities experienced by the not‐for‐profit organisation in this recruitment campaign.Practical implications – Organisations contemplating the use of social networking sites to engage new audiences can reflect on the problems encountered in the implementation of thi.