Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Electromagnetic Metrology on Concrete and Corrosion*

To augment current methods for the evaluation of reinforcing bar (rebar) corrosion within concrete, we are exploring unique features in the dielectric and magnetic spectra of pure iron oxides and corrosion samples. Any signature needs to be both prominent and consistent in order to identify corrosion within concrete bridge deck or other structures. In order to measure the permittivity and propagation loss through concrete as a function of temperature and humidity, we cut and carefully fitted samples from residential concrete into three different waveguides. We also poured and cured a mortar sample within a waveguide that was later measured after curing 30 days. These measurements were performed from 45 MHz to 12 GHz. Our concrete measurements showed that the coarse granite aggregate that occupied about half the sample volume reduced the electromagnetic propagation loss in comparison to mortar. We also packed ground corrosion samples and commercially available iron-oxide powders into a transmission-line waveguide and found that magnetite and corrosion sample spectra are similar, with a feature between 0.5 GHz and 2 GHz that may prove useful for quantifying corrosion. We also performed reflection (S11) measurements at various corrosion surfaces and in loose powders from 45 MHz to 50 GHz. These results are a first step towards quantifying rebar corrosion in concrete.
Differentiation of benign from malignant induced ascites by measuring gallbladder wall thickness.

INTRODUCTION There are multiple causes for ascites and conventional diagnostic method for most of them is paracentesis. This method is invasive and time consuming. The aim of this study is to survey the reliability of measuring gallbladder wall thickness to discriminate between cirrhotic and malignant ascites. MATERIALS AND METHODS In our study we measured the gallbladder wall thickness by ultrasonography in 100 consecutive patients with portal hypertension induced ascites and in 100 consecutive patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis induced ascites. RESULTS The mean Gallbladder wall thickness was 3.94±0.69 mm in cirrhotic patients and 2.26±0.62 mm in patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis. Gallbladder wall thickening in cirrhotic patients was significantly more compared to patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis (p-value=0.001). CONCLUSION This study shows that the thickened gallbladder wall in patients with ascites is highly predictive for diagnosis of portal hypertension induced ascites.
Thyroperoxidase and Thyroglobulin Antibodies in Early Pregnancy and Placental Abruption

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the relationship between thyroid antibodies and placental abruption. METHODS: This cohort study assesses thyroperoxidase and thyroglobulin antibodies in relation to placental abruption among 10,062 women with singleton viable pregnancies (from the First and Second Trimester Risk of Aneuploidy [FaSTER] trial). A thyroperoxidase antibody cutoff of 50 international units/mL is used for comparison with published data from another cohort. RESULTS: Women with elevated thyroperoxidase antibody levels in the first and second trimesters have a higher rate of placental abruption than antibody-negative women. This relationship is less strong in the first trimester (1.51% compared with 0.83%; odds ratio [OR], 1.83; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.99–3.37) than in the second trimester (1.78% compared with 0.82%; OR, 2.20; 95% CI, 1.21–3.99). A similar, but weaker, relationship is present for thyroglobulin antibodies. Sixty-four of 782 thyroperoxidase antibody-positive pregnancies without abruption become negative by the second trimester; one pregnancy with abruption becomes antibody-positive. Odds ratios for pregnancies with both thyroperoxidase and thyroglobulin antibody elevations are also higher (first trimester: OR, 2.10; 95% CI, 0.91–4.86; second trimester: OR, 2.73; 95% CI, 1.17–6.33). CONCLUSION: The present data confirm an association between thyroid antibody elevations and placental abruption described in a recent report. These findings, however, do not provide support for recommending routine testing for thyroid antibodies during pregnancy. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II
Assessing the readiness to integrate tobacco control in medical curriculum: experiences from five medical colleges in Southern India.

BACKGROUND Making tobacco cessation a normative part of all clinical practice is the only way to substantially reduce tobacco-related deaths and the burden of tobacco-related morbidity in the short term. This study was undertaken because information on receptivity to integrate tobacco control education in the medical curriculum is extremely limited in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS From five medical colleges (two government) in southern India, 713 (men 59%) faculty and 2585 (men 48%) students participated in our cross-sectional survey. Information on self-reported tobacco use and readiness to integrate tobacco control education in the medical curriculum was collected from both the faculty and students using a pretested structured questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression analysis was done to find the associated factors. RESULTS Current smoking was reported by 9.0% (95% CI 6.6-12.1) of men faculty and 13.7% (CI 11.8-15.9) by men students. Faculty who were teaching tobacco-related topics [odds ratio (OR) 2.29; 95% CI 1.65-3.20] compared to those who were not, faculty in government colleges (OR 1.69; CI 1.22-2.35) compared to those in private colleges and medical pecialists (OR 1.79; CI 1.23-2.59) compared to surgical and non-clinical specialists were more likely to be ready to integrate tobacco control education in the medical curriculum. Non-smoking students (OR 2.58; CI 2.01-3.33) compared to smokers, and women students (OR 1.80; CI 1.50-2.17) compared to men were more likely to be ready to integrate a tobacco control education in the curriculum. CONCLUSION Faculty and students are receptive to introduce tobacco control in the medical curriculum. Government faculty, medical specialists and faculty who already teach tobacco-related topics are likely to be early introducers of this new curriculum.
Notice of Violation of IEEE Publication Principles3-D Spherical perfectly matched layer for finite-volume domain truncation

To reduce computational area, the 3-D radial perfectly matched layer is proposed. Using a generalized approximate formulation, a spherical absorber modeling is set up. The performance of this absorber is characterized with numerical experiments. As practical application of the technique, a newly designed spiral antenna is simulated. Result is very good agreement with measured data. The excellent performance of the spherical absorber is demonstrated.
Safety of women in mixed-sex and single-sex medium secure units: staff and patient perceptions

Background The development of single-sex medium secure units for women has been driven by concern about the vulnerability of women to sexual abuse and exploitation in mixed-sex secure settings. Less is known about how women patients and staff perceive gender segregation and their experiences in single-sex units. Aims To examine the impact of gender segregation on the safety of women patients detained in medium secure psychiatric facilities. Method A qualitative study was conducted involving individual interviews with 58 male and female staff and 31 women patients in single-sex and mixed-sex medium secure units throughout England and Wales. Results Women patients in both types of units reported high levels of actual and threatened physical and sexual violence. Women in single-sex units reported intimidation, threats and abuse by other women patients, although they were less vulnerable to sexual abuse and exploitation and serious physical assault. Conclusions Further development of single-sex secure units for women may not be justified on the grounds of safety issues alone. Risk assessment of forensic psychiatric patients must include a full assessment of their safety within the psychiatric setting.
Lamin B receptor plays a role in stimulating nuclear envelope production and targeting membrane vesicles to chromatin during nuclear envelope assembly through direct interaction with importin β

Lamin B receptor (LBR), a chromatin and lamin binding protein in the inner nuclear membrane, has been proposed to play a vital role in nuclear envelope (NE) assembly. But the specific role for LBR in NE assembly remains unknown. In the present study, we show that overexpression of LBR causes membrane overproduction, inducing NE invagination and membrane stack formation, and that these processes require the transmembrane domain of LBR. Biochemical analysis shows that the N-terminal domain of LBR directly interacts with importin β in a Ran sensitive and importin α independent manner. Using an in vitro NE assembly assay, we also demonstrate that blocking full length LBR binding sites on importin β, by the addition of the LBR N-terminal domain inhibits the recruitment of LBR-containing vesicles to importin β- or Ran-coated beads to form NE structure. Our results suggest that LBR is recruited to chromatin through direct interaction with importin β to contribute to the fusion of membrane vesicles and formation of the NE.
SETTING ENVIRONMENTAL TAXES IN A SECOND-BEST WORLD

This paper compares the optimal environmental tax with two alternative definitions of marginal environmental damages. One definition reflects the social marginal rate of substitution between income and the environment; the other reflects the sum of households' marginal willingness to pay. The analysis finds that the definition based on the social marginal rate of substitution provides a consistent benchmark for setting environmental taxes that is compatible with both the Pigouvian principle and the double dividend hypothesis. The definition based on the sum of households' marginal willingness to pay, however, is found to be incompatible with optimal taxation and an unreliable benchmark for making welfare inferences.
Cutaneous metastases of a giant cell tumor of bone: case report

A 47‐year‐old patient with the previous history of a giant cell tumor of the left femur presented with 3 cutaneous nodules located on the face. Histologic examination revealed skin metastases of a giant cell tumor of bone, with dermal and subcutaneous nodules characterized by multinucleate giant cells and mononuclear cells. The patient died 10 months later from widespread metastases to the lung and brain. A panel of enzymoand immunohistochemical markers reactive with osteoclastic, fibroblastic and histiocytic determinants was tested on the cutaneous lesions. The results indicated osteoclastic lineage of the multinucleate giant cells whereas the mononuclear cells showed features of fibroblastic differentiation. Cutaneous metastasis from a giant cell tumor of bone is an extraordinary event and so far has only been reported once.
Sampled-data design for robust decoherence control of a single qubit

This paper presents a sampled-data approach for the robust decoherence control of a single qubit. The required robustness is defined using a sliding mode domain and the control law is designed offline and then utilized online with a single qubit having bounded uncertainties. Two classes of uncertainties are considered involving the system Hamiltonian and the coupling strength of the system-environment interaction. Three cases are analyzed in detail including amplitude damping decoherence, phase damping decoherence and depolarizing decoherence. Sampling periods are specifically designed for these cases to guarantee the required robustness. A sufficient condition is presented for guiding the design of unitary control for the case with amplitude damping decoherence. The proposed approach has potential applications in quantum error-correction and in constructing robust quantum gates.
French Salons: High Society and Political Sociability from the Old Regime to the Revolution of 1848

Among the most enduring of French cultural institutions, the salon, is among the most misunderstood. Seen primarily as a venue for apolitical social gatherings, the salon's influence is generally believed to have ended during the French Revolution. In French Salons, Steven Kale challenges conventional thinking about the salon. Drawing on an impressive range of primary sources, he offers a nuanced history of this institution from the eighteenth century through the Revolution of 1848 which emphasizes continuity and evolution over disjuncture and highlights its shifting political character and relevance. Salons, Kale shows, originally provided opportunities for the exchange of literary and philosophical ideas among the French aristocracy. Central to the maintenance of salon culture were salonnieres, aristocratic women such as Madame de Stael who opened their homes to fellow elites and nurtured a sociability that united the members of high society. Salons provided ready-made venues for aristocratic politics during the early years of the French Revolution, when salons were transformed into places where the upper classes could express their political opinions and concerns. Even at the height of the Terror, salons did not dissolve but, rather, were displaced as aristocrats moved their social networks of influence to such cities as Coblenz, Brussels, and London. Napoleon sought to manipulate salon culture for his own ends, but with his fall from power, salons reemerged and proliferated. Although never intended to serve as political clubs, salons became informal sites for the cultivation of political capital and the exchange of political ideas during the Bourbon Restoration and the July Monarchy. By 1848, the conditions that sustained aristocratic sociability declined, and salons became increasingly marginal to French public life. At the same time, new political institutions-parties, the press, legislative bodies-emerged that more effectively disseminated and shaped political opinion and led to real political change. Challenging many of the conclusions of recent historiography, including the depiction of salonnieres as influential power brokers, French Salons offers an original, penetrating, and engaging analysis of elite culture and society in France before, during, and after the Revolution.
Dysphagia in acute stroke: correlation with stroke subtype, vascular territory and in-hospital respiratory morbidity and mortality.

AIMS The study aimed at correlation of post-stroke dysphagia with area and volume of infarct/ bleed, and with subsequent in-hospital respiratory morbidity and mortality. MATERIALS AND METHODS 50 patients of acute stroke were serially recruited. Standard Staff swallowing assessment was performed within 24 hours of admission along with pulse oximetry. Ischemic strokes were classified as per OCPS registry. In-hospital respiratory morbidity and mortality, mode of nutrition and disability status at discharge were noted. RESULTS 21/50 (42%) patients had post-stroke dysphagia during their hospital course. Among infarcts, Total Anterior Circulation Infarcts (TACI) had 100% incidence of dysphagia, followed by Partial Anterior Circulation Infarcts (PACI-36%), Posterior Circulation infarcts (POCI-33%), and Lacunar infarcts (LACI-18%). 67% of hemorrhages had post-stroke dysphagia. Staff swallowing assessment had a sensitivity and specificity of 75% and 73% respy. , for predicting respiratory morbidity. The corresponding figures for Pulse oximetry were 79% and 91%.
A Chandra detection of a radio hotspot in 3C 123

Chandra X-ray Observatoryobservations of the powerful, peculiar radio galaxy 3C 123 have resulted in an X-ray detection of the bright eastern hotspot , with a 1-keV flux density of � 5 nJy. The X-ray flux and spectrum of the hotspot are consistent with the X-rays being inverse-Compton scattering of radio synchrotron photons by the population of electrons responsible for the radio emission (‘synchrotron self-Compton emission’) if the magnetic fields in the hotspot are close to their equipartition values . 3C 123 is thus the third radio galaxy to show X-ray emission from a hotspot which is consistent with being in equipartition. Chandra also detects emission from a moderately rich cluster surrounding 3C 123, with LX(2 10 keV) = 2 × 10 44 ergs s 1 and kT � 5 keV, and absorbed emission from the active nucleus, with an inferred intrinsic column density o f 1.7 × 10 22 cm 2 and an intrinsic 2‐10 keV luminosity of 10 44 ergs s 1 .
Multi-scale spatial heterogeneity of pectic rhamnogalacturonan I (RG–I) structural features in tobacco seed endosperm cell walls

Plant cell walls are complex configurations of polysaccharides that fulfil a diversity of roles during plant growth and development. They also provide sets of biomaterials that are widely exploited in food, fibre and fuel applications. The pectic polysaccharides, which comprise approximately a third of primary cell walls, form complex supramolecular structures with distinct glycan domains. Rhamnogalacturonan I (RG–I) is a highly structurally heterogeneous branched glycan domain within the pectic supramolecule that contains rhamnogalacturonan, arabinan and galactan as structural elements. Heterogeneous RG–I polymers are implicated in generating the mechanical properties of cell walls during cell development and plant growth, but are poorly understood in architectural, biochemical and functional terms. Using specific monoclonal antibodies to the three major RG–I structural elements (arabinan, galactan and the rhamnogalacturonan backbone) for in situ analyses and chromatographic detection analyses, the relative occurrences of RG–I structures were studied within a single tissue: the tobacco seed endosperm. The analyses indicate that the features of the RG–I polymer display spatial heterogeneity at the level of the tissue and the level of single cell walls, and also heterogeneity at the biochemical level. This work has implications for understanding RG–I glycan complexity in the context of cell-wall architectures and in relation to cell-wall functions in cell and tissue development.
A simple behaviour provides accuracy and flexibility in odour plume tracking – the robotic control of sensory-motor coupling in silkmoths

ABSTRACT Odour plume tracking is an essential behaviour for animal survival. A fundamental strategy for this is to move upstream and then across-stream. Male silkmoths, Bombyx mori, display this strategy as a pre-programmed sequential behaviour. They walk forward (surge) in response to the female sex pheromone and perform a zigzagging ‘mating dance’. Though pre-programmed, the surge direction is modulated by bilateral olfactory input and optic flow. However, the nature of the interaction between these two sensory modalities and contribution of the resultant motor command to localizing an odour source are still unknown. We evaluated the ability of the silkmoth to localize an odour source under conditions of disturbed sensory-motor coupling, using a silkmoth-driven mobile robot. The significance of the bilateral olfaction of the moth was confirmed by inverting the olfactory input to the antennae, or its motor output. Inversion of the motor output induced consecutive circling, which was inhibited by covering the visual field of the moth. This suggests that the corollary discharge from the motor command and the reafference of self-generated optic flow generate compensatory signals to guide the surge accurately. Additionally, after inverting the olfactory input, the robot successfully tracked the odour plume by using a combination of behaviours. These results indicate that accurate guidance of the reflexive surge by integrating bilateral olfactory and visual information with innate pre-programmed behaviours increases the flexibility to track an odour plume even under disturbed circumstances. Summary: The odour plume-tracking ability of silkmoths is enhanced by visually guided osmotropotaxis combined with pre-programmed behaviour.
Natalizumab Treatment Reduces Fatigue in Multiple Sclerosis. Results from the TYNERGY Trial; A Study in the Real Life Setting

Fatigue is a significant symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. First-generation disease modifying therapies (DMTs) are at best moderately effective to improve fatigue. Observations from small cohorts have indicated that natalizumab, an antibody targeting VLA-4, may reduce MS-related fatigue. The TYNERGY study aimed to further evaluate the effects of natalizumab treatment on MS-related fatigue. In this one-armed clinical trial including 195 MS patients, natalizumab was prescribed in a real-life setting, and a validated questionnaire, the Fatigue Scale for Motor and Cognitive functions (FSMC), was used both before and after 12 months of treatment to evaluate a possible change in the fatigue experienced by the patients. In the treated cohort all measured variables, that is, fatigue score, quality of life, sleepiness, depression, cognition, and disability progression were improved from baseline (all p values<0.0001). Walking speed as measured by the six-minute walk-test also increased at month 12 (p = 0.0016). All patients were aware of the nature of the treatment agent, and of the study outcomes. Conclusion Natalizumab, as used in a real-life setting, might improve MS-related fatigue based on the results from this one-armed un-controlled stud. Also other parameters related to patients' quality of life seemed to improve with natalizumab treatment. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00884481
A theory-based measure of conflict management strategies in the workplace

Conflict management influences individual well-being, group performance and organizational effectiveness. This research examined the psychometric qualities of two versions of the newly developed test for conflict handling (the Dutch Test for Conflict Handling). The lean version (Study 1 and 2) included problem solving, forcing, yielding and avoiding as distinct conflict management strategies, and the expanded version (Study 3) also included compromising. A negotiation study (Study 1 with 78 psychology students) showed substantial convergence between self-reports, opponent-reports and observer rated behavior for problem solving, forcing and yielding, but not for avoiding. In Study 2 with 308 employees and Study 3 with 2,403 professionals, the psychometric properties were examined of the lean and the expanded version, respectively. Confirmatory factor analyses revealed good to excellent psychometric qualities of both versions of the scale. We conclude that the scale is a parsimonious, flexible and valid instrument to assess conflict management strategies at work. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2002 APA, all rights reserved)
Theory and experimental validation of a new analytical model for the position-dependent Hall Voltage in devices with arbitrary aspect ratio

A number of devices, that are under investigation for implementing and calibrating physical models at high operating temperatures and transient high current stress, exhibit geometrical features that do not allow for the application of the standard Hall theory. This makes the outcome of measurements based on the Hall effect unreliable. A more general theory has been developed, that leads to the determination of the Hall voltage as a function of the position along the longitudinal direction of the device channel. Devices with several pairs of Hall probes have been designed and manufactured, and the Hall voltage along their sides has carefully been measured. The experimental results led to a thorough validation of the theory.