Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reliability and Validity of the Iranian Version of Nijmegen Questionnaire in Iranians with Asthma

Background: The aim of this study was to assess the validity and reliability of Nijmegen questionnaire (NQ) translated to Farsi for diagnosis of the hyperventilation syndrome (HVS) in patients with asthma. Materials and Methods: The original version of NQ was translated to Farsi and then back-translated to English again to assess its agreement with the original version. To determine its cultural adaptation, a pilot study was carried out. The mean score of the questionnaire and the mean pressure of end tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2) were compared in 100 asthmatic patients to determine the validity of the questionnaire. For reliability, 52 out of 100 patients randomly filled out the questionnaire with an interval of 5 to 10 days. Internal consistency and content validity of the questionnaire were assessed by Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and by calculating floor and ceiling effects respectively. The exploratory factor analysis was used to assess the factor structure. Results: There was a significant inverse correlation between NQ scores and PETCO2 (P=−0.783). Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was greater than 0.7, indicating good internal consistency of the questionnaire (P=0.702). The questionnaire had a good stability in an interval of 5 to 10 days (P=0.826). The NQ had no floor and ceiling effect. and also factor analysis of 16 scales showed that this questionnaire has a five-factor structure, which can describe 55% of data variance. Conclusion: The Iranian version of the Nijmegen questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for detection of patients with HVS. In addition, the questionnaire can be used to evaluate the condition of respiratory function in people with asthma.
Analysis of Nursing Students Learning Experiences in Clinical Practice: Literature Review

Abstract Learning in the clinical practice is an important component of nursing education considering that nursing is practice-based profession. The importance of clinical practice cannot be overemphasized as it prepares nurses to become competent practitioners. The aim of this study is to investigate nursing students’ learning experiences in clinical education. The objectives of the study are to assess effective learning in clinical learning environment. A review of literature was performed using electronic data bases of articles from 2003-2012 that were in English. The studies revealed that effective learning takes place in a clinical learning in clinical practice occurs if students are given opportunities to practice what they have learnt in the classroom and skills laboratory supervised and supported, provided with feedback in an environment where there is good interpersonal relationships and communication. There is a need to use strategies that facilitate learning in clinical practice in addition to creating a conducive clinical learning environment.
Identity and Community Among Gay and Bisexual Men in the AIDS Era: Preliminary Findings From The Sacramento Men’s Health Study

This chapter describes preliminary results from an ongoing study of the linkages between gay and bisexual men’s sense of identity and community and their HIV-related risk behavior and psychological functioning in the AIDS era. Recognizing that AIDS now represents an ongoing fact of life and death for the gay community rather than a transient crisis, an increasing body of empirical research conceptualizes AIDS as one of many stressors confronting the community (e.g., Dean, this volume). Some researchers have addressed issues such as the psychological impact of AIDS-related bereavement (e.g., Folkman, 1993; Martin, 1988; Martin & Dean, 1993) and the broader impact of HIV on the community (Levine, Nardi, & Gagnon, forthcoming). Others have discussed ways in which variations in the construction of identity can affect risk behaviors (e.g., Carballo-Dieguez, this volume). Still others have demonstrated the value of incorporating issues of community and identity into AIDS intervention programs (e.g., Hays & Peterson, 1994). In our research, we are collecting questionnaire and interview data from a sample of gay and bisexual men in Sacramento (CA) to examine how various facets of personal identity and community involvement are related to personal risk reduction and healthy psychological functioning in the era of AIDS. In this chapter, we present preliminary data relevant to three questions. First, to what extent do variables related to identity and community help us to understand gay and bisexual men’s HIV risk-reduction behaviors? Second, to what extent do those variables help us to understand how gay and bisexual men are functioning psychologically in the era of AIDS? Third, how are qualitative variations in men’s personal constructions of community and identity linked to their risk reduction and psychological functioning?
Ebf2 is a selective marker of brown and beige adipogenic precursor cells

Significance High levels of brown/beige fat activity protects animals against metabolic disease, but there has been little known about the precursor cells that mediate the expansion of brown or beige fat. We discovered that early B-cell factor 2 (Ebf2), a transcription factor, is selectively expressed in brown and beige fat cell precursors. Through purification of Ebf2+ cells, we identified a gene profile of brown fat precursors that can be used to distinguish these cells from other developmentally related cell types. Importantly, Ebf2 was also found to regulate the gene expression profile of brown fat precursor cells. Taken together, this study identifies Ebf2 as a highly specific marker of brown and beige preadipose cells and reveals that Ebf2 functions to control brown preadipose cell identity. Brown adipocytes and muscle and dorsal dermis descend from precursor cells in the dermomyotome, but the factors that regulate commitment to the brown adipose lineage are unknown. Here, we prospectively isolated and determined the molecular profile of embryonic brown preadipose cells. Brown adipogenic precursor activity in embryos was confined to platelet-derived growth factor α+, myogenic factor 5Cre-lineage–marked cells. RNA-sequence analysis identified early B-cell factor 2 (Ebf2) as one of the most selectively expressed genes in this cell fraction. Importantly, Ebf2-expressing cells purified from Ebf2GFP embryos or brown fat tissue did not express myoblast or dermal cell markers and uniformly differentiated into brown adipocytes. Interestingly, Ebf2-expressing cells from white fat tissue in adult animals differentiated into brown-like (or beige) adipocytes. Loss of Ebf2 in brown preadipose cells reduced the expression levels of brown preadipose-signature genes, whereas ectopic Ebf2 expression in myoblasts activated brown preadipose-specific genes. Altogether, these results indicate that Ebf2 specifically marks and regulates the molecular profile of brown preadipose cells.
Adaptive Novelty +

In this paper we briefly describe Novelty and Adaptive Novelty, two high-performance, stochastic local search (SLS) algorithms for SAT. Based on the WalkSAT architecture, these algorithms combine search intensification and diversification feautures that lead to good peformance on a broad range of SAT instances. The performance of the Novelty algorithm critically depends on the setting of a socalled noise parameter, which effectively controls the relative amount of search diversification. Adaptive Novelty exploits insights in this performance dependence to dynamically adjust the noise parameter throughout the search, depending on search progress and stagnation.
Axial Parts, Phi‐Features and Degrammaticalization: the Case of Italian Presso/Pressi in Diachrony

In this paper, I will provide a possible syntactic characterization of (a subset) of so-called degrammaticalization processes, based on the case of the diachronic evolution of presso/pressi (near/at, in) in Italian. Moreover, with an empirical study on the Opera del Vocabolario Italiano (OVI) corpus, I will support Svenonius's idea of Axial Part as an independent category in the lexicon (and not a mere spatial subset of relational nouns), providing a new kind of evidence i.e. of the diachronic type, to this claim.
The problem of delusional ugliness: Is it really body dysmorphic disorder?

Currently, the DSM-IV allows individuals with dysmorphic delusions to be diagnosed with either delusional body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) and delusional disorder, somatic type (DDST). However, given the growing acceptance of a dimensional perspective in psychopathology, it is conceivable that future editions of the DSM may recommend the exclusion of the diagnosis of DDST whenever isolated dysmorphic delusions are present, arguing that the latter should be considered no more than a symptom of BDD. But is the concept of DDST condemned to extinction in favor of that of delusional BDD? While some studies suggest that non-delusional and delusional BDD/DDST may be indistinguishable from the clinical, neuroanatomical, and therapeutic perspectives, several facts support the utility of the DDST concept. Firstly, DDST is a wider construct than delusional BDD. Secondly, it is unclear whether DDST in general (as opposed to delusional BDD) belongs to the obsessive-compulsive spectrum. Thirdly, differential pharmacological response may not be an adequate criteria for blending non-delusional and delusional BDD/DDST. Fourthly, “delusional” BDD may not be delusional at all. Finally, there is more about delusion than just an “extreme” conviction. Future studies are urgently needed in order to substantiate our judgement regarding the existence of diagnostic limits between delusional BDD and DDST with dysmorphic delusions.
Early Words that Work: The Impact of Linguistic Mimicry on Negotiation Outcomes

We examine how words within the first period of a conversation can predict agreement between conversation partners in multiparty and dyadic negotiations. In a computer-mediated environment, it was shown that linguistic mimicry increases the likelihood of agreement in a multiparty negotiation (Study 1) and individual gain in a dyadic negotiation (Study 2). Implications for thin slices theory for negotiations are discussed.
Observation of the spin-Peierls transition in linear Cu2+ (spin-1/2) chains in an inorganic compound CuGeO3.

The magnetic susceptibility of single-crystal ${\mathrm{CuGeO}}_{3}$, a linear ${\mathrm{Cu}}^{2+}$ (spin-1/2) chain compound, was measured. The susceptibilities in all the directions rapidly drop to small constant values with decreasing temperature below a phase transition temperature near 14 K. The magnetic-field dependence of the transition temperature quantitatively agrees with both theoretical predictions and experimental results for organic spin-Peierls systems. This Letter is the first report of an unambiguous determination of the existence of the spin-Peierls transition in an inorganic compound.
The Impact of Parental Attachment on Adolescent Perception of the School Environment and School Connectedness

The extent to which students feel accepted, valued, respected and included in the school has recently surfaced as one of the most important predictors of adolescent mental health (particularly depressive symptoms). The school environment is an established predictor of school connectedness, but we set out to examine whether parental attachment predicts both adolescents' perception of the school environment and school connectedness. A study of 171 high school students from years 8 to 12 showed that parent attachment strongly predicted both. We also confirmed that the relationship between parent attachment and school connectedness is not a direct one but that parent attachment influences individual differences in the way adolescents perceive the school environment, which in turn influences school connectedness. This finding shows how multiple systems might be interlinked in influencing wellbeing in adolescents, and confirms the importance of intervening at the double level of both the family and the school system.
College Completion: A Longitudinal Examination of the Role of Developmental and Specific College Experiences

Using a 17-year longitudinal design, this study examined the role of personal and family factors assessed early in life, and also academic and social experiences assessed in the first year of college, in predicting college completion. We followed a sample of 444 French-speaking Canadian children from middle to upper socioeconomic backgrounds (66% boys and 34% girls; 6 years old at study onset). We assessed social behaviors (i.e., aggressive-disruptive, anxiety-withdrawal, and prosocial behaviors), mothers’ child-rearing practices (i.e., discipline and pleasure), and family resources (i.e., family structure, mothers’ education, and mothers’ age at the birth of the first child) at kindergarten; academic records in elementary and high school; and academic and social integration in college (i.e., adjustment to academic requirements, academic success, participation in social activities, and attachment to the institution). College completion at age 23 years was obtained from national official records. Using logistic regression analysis, we found that previous social behaviors, academic records, and family experiences had greater impact on college completion than did the quality of students’ academic and social integration in college. We propose some avenues to better understand how precollege factors can improve a child's academic trajectory, college aspirations, and chances of success.
Role of Adipokines Signaling in the Modulation of T Cells Function

The field that links immunity and metabolism is rapidly expanding. Apparently non-immunological disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes have been linked to immune dysregulation, suggesting that metabolic alterations can be induced by or be consequence of an altered self-immune tolerance. In this context, adipose tissue produces and releases a variety of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory factors, termed “adipokines,” which can be considered as the bridge between obesity-related exogenous factors, such as nutrition and lifestyle, and the molecular events leading to metabolic syndrome, inflammatory, and/or autoimmune conditions. In obesity, increased production of most adipokines impacts on multiple functions such as appetite and energy balance, modulation of immune responses, insulin sensitivity, angiogenesis, blood pressure, lipid metabolism, and so on. This report aims to discuss some of the recent topics of adipocytokine research and their related signaling pathways, that may be of particular importance as could lead to effective therapeutic strategies for obesity-associated diseases.
Culture in Interaction1

How does culture work in everyday settings? Current social research often theorizes culture as “collective representations”—vocabularies, symbols, or codes—that structure people’s abilities to think and act. Missing is an account of how groups use collective representations in everyday interaction. The authors use two ethnographic cases to develop a concept of “group style,” showing how implicit, culturally patterned styles of membership filter collective representations. The result is “culture in interaction,” which complements research in the sociology of emotion, neoinstitutionalism, the reproduction of inequality, and other work, by showing how groups put culture to use in everyday life.
Members Matter in Team Training: Multilevel and Longitudinal Relationships Between Goal Orientation, Self‐Regulation, and Team Outcomes

Longitudinal data from 338 individuals across 64 teams in a simulation-based team-training context were used to examine the effects of dispositional goal orientation on self-regulated learning (self-efficacy and metacognition). Team goal orientation compositions, as reflected by average goal orientations of team members, were examined for moderating effects on these individual-level relationships. Finally, individual-level self-regulation was investigated for its influence on multiple team-level outcomes across time. Results showed generally positive effects of learning goal orientation and negative effects of avoid performance and prove performance goal orientations on rates of self-regulation during team training. However, several of these individual-level relationships were moderated by team goal orientation composition. The importance of self-regulation in teams was displayed by results showing the average level of self-regulation among a team’s members over time was positively associated with team efficacy, team cooperation quality, and team decision making.
Identification of Host-Targeted Small Molecules That Restrict Intracellular Mycobacterium tuberculosis Growth

Mycobacterium tuberculosis remains a significant threat to global health. Macrophages are the host cell for M. tuberculosis infection, and although bacteria are able to replicate intracellularly under certain conditions, it is also clear that macrophages are capable of killing M. tuberculosis if appropriately activated. The outcome of infection is determined at least in part by the host-pathogen interaction within the macrophage; however, we lack a complete understanding of which host pathways are critical for bacterial survival and replication. To add to our understanding of the molecular processes involved in intracellular infection, we performed a chemical screen using a high-content microscopic assay to identify small molecules that restrict mycobacterial growth in macrophages by targeting host functions and pathways. The identified host-targeted inhibitors restrict bacterial growth exclusively in the context of macrophage infection and predominantly fall into five categories: G-protein coupled receptor modulators, ion channel inhibitors, membrane transport proteins, anti-inflammatories, and kinase modulators. We found that fluoxetine, a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, enhances secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and induces autophagy in infected macrophages, and gefitinib, an inhibitor of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR), also activates autophagy and restricts growth. We demonstrate that during infection signaling through EGFR activates a p38 MAPK signaling pathway that prevents macrophages from effectively responding to infection. Inhibition of this pathway using gefitinib during in vivo infection reduces growth of M. tuberculosis in the lungs of infected mice. Our results support the concept that screening for inhibitors using intracellular models results in the identification of tool compounds for probing pathways during in vivo infection and may also result in the identification of new anti-tuberculosis agents that work by modulating host pathways. Given the existing experience with some of our identified compounds for other therapeutic indications, further clinically-directed study of these compounds is merited.
Effects of Blended-Cement Paste Chemical Composition Changes on Some Strength Gains of Blended-Mortars

Effects of chemical compositions changes of blended-cement pastes (BCPCCC) on some strength gains of blended cement mortars (BCMSG) were monitored in order to gain a better understanding for developments of hydration and strength of blended cements. Blended cements (BC) were prepared by blending of 5% gypsum and 6%, 20%, 21%, and 35% marble powder (MP) or 6%, 20%, 21%, and 35% brick powder (BP) for CEMI42.5N cement clinker and grinding these portions in ball mill at 30 (min). Pastes and mortars, containing the MP-BC and the BP-BC and the reference cement (RC) and tap water and standard mortar sand, were also mixed and they were cured within water until testing. Experiments included chemical compositions of pastes and compressive strengths (CS) and flexural strengths (FS) of mortars were determined at 7th-day, 28th-day, and 90th-day according to TS EN 196-2 and TS EN 196-1 present standards. Experimental results indicated that ups and downs of silica oxide (SiO2), sodium oxide (Na2O), and alkali at MP-BCPCC and continuously rising movement of silica oxide (SiO2) at BP-BCPCC positively influenced CS and FS of blended cement mortars (BCM) in comparison with reference mortars (RM) at whole cure days as MP up to 6% or BP up to 35% was blended for cement.
RoomNet: End-to-End Room Layout Estimation

This paper focuses on the task of room layout estimation from a monocular RGB image. Prior works break the problem into two sub-tasks: semantic segmentation of floor, walls, ceiling to produce layout hypotheses, followed by an iterative optimization step to rank these hypotheses. In contrast, we adopt a more direct formulation of this problem as one of estimating an ordered set of room layout keypoints. The room layout and the corresponding segmentation is completely specified given the locations of these ordered keypoints. We predict the locations of the room layout keypoints using RoomNet, an end-to-end trainable encoder-decoder network. On the challenging benchmark datasets Hedau and LSUN, we achieve state-of-the-art performance along with 200× to 600× speedup compared to the most recent work. Additionally, we present optional extensions to the RoomNet architecture such as including recurrent computations and memory units to refine the keypoint locations under the same parametric capacity.
Representação da sobrecarga familiar e adesão aos serviços alternativos em saúde mental / Social representations of 'family burden' and adhesion to mental health alternative services

This study aimed at investigating the impact of overburden representation by chronic patients’ caretakers upon the levels of adhesion to alternative models proposed in opposition to the institutional- hospital model. Overburden is related to the perception of problems, difficulties or adverse events that significantly affect family life and those in charge of the patients, and corresponds to the psychological pain explicitly attributed to the patients. The participants were ten adherent and nine non-adherent caretakers. They were submitted to a semi-directive interview based on the different overburden dimensions described in the literature. Results allow us to suppose that emotional overburden is perceived as the most difficult one to cope with. They also indicate the existence of its effect on adhesion. On the other hand, other variables such as gender and social class appeared as macroregulators of the overburden