Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Clinical features and multidisciplinary approaches to dementia care

Dementia is a clinical syndrome of widespread progressive deterioration of cognitive abilities and normal daily functioning. These cognitive and behavioral impairments pose considerable challenges to individuals with dementia, along with their family members and caregivers. Four primary dementia classifications have been defined according to clinical and research criteria: 1) Alzheimer’s disease; 2) vascular dementias; 3) frontotemporal dementias; and 4) dementia with Lewy bodies/Parkinson’s disease dementia. The cumulative efforts of multidisciplinary healthcare teams have advanced our understanding of dementia beyond basic descriptions, towards a more complete elucidation of risk factors, clinical symptoms, and neuropathological correlates. The characterization of disease subtypes has facilitated targeted management strategies, advanced treatments, and symptomatic care for individuals affected by dementia. This review briefly summarizes the current state of knowledge and directions of dementia research and clinical practice. We provide a description of the risk factors, clinical presentation, and differential diagnosis of dementia. A summary of multidisciplinary team approaches to dementia care is outlined, including management strategies for the treatment of cognitive impairments, functional deficits, and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia. The needs of individuals with dementia are extensive, often requiring care beyond traditional bounds of medical practice, including pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic management interventions. Finally, advanced research on the early prodromal phase of dementia is reviewed, with a focus on change-point models, trajectories of cognitive change, and threshold models of pathological burden. Future research goals are outlined, with a call to action for social policy initiatives that promote preventive lifestyle behaviors, and healthcare programs that will support the growing number of individuals affected by dementia.
Sex‐dependent expression of seven housekeeping genes in rat liver

Background and Aim: Sexual differences in the transcript levels of various genes including the hepatic isoforms of cytochrome P450 have been extensively studied. Expression of these sexual dimorphic genes have been quantified by Northern blotting, nuclear run on assays and reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR) methods using numerous housekeeping genes to normalize results. Earlier reports apparently assumed that these internal controls were sex‐independent. We have studied sex differences in the expression levels of seven different commonly used housekeeping genes.
Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 Survival in an In Vitro Model of the Human Large Intestine and Interactions with Probiotic Yeasts and Resident Microbiota

ABSTRACT This is the first report on the fate of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 in simulated human colonic conditions. The pathogen was progressively eliminated from the bioreactor and did not modify the major populations of resident microbiota. The coadministration of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae CNCM I-3856 probiotic strain led to a significant increase in acetate production but did not reduce pathogen viability.
New Strategies in Multiple Myeloma: Immunotherapy as a Novel Approach to Treat Patients with Multiple Myeloma

Multiple myeloma is a B-cell malignancy characterized by proliferation of monoclonal plasma cells in the bone marrow. Although new therapeutic options introduced in recent years have resulted in improved survival outcomes, multiple myeloma remains incurable for a large number of patients, and new treatment options are urgently needed. Over the last 5 years, there has been a renewed interest in the clinical potential of immunotherapy for the treatment of multiple myeloma. Clinical progression of myeloma is known to be associated with progressive immune dysregulation and loss of immune surveillance that contribute to disease progression in association with progressive genetic complexity, rendering signaling-based treatments less effective. A variety of strategies to reverse the multiple myeloma–induced immunosuppression has been developed either in the form of immunomodulatory drugs, checkpoint inhibitors, mAbs, engineered T cells, and vaccines. They have shown encouraging results in patients with relapsed refractory multiple myeloma and hold great promise in further improving patient outcomes in multiple myeloma. This review will summarize the major approaches in multiple myeloma immunotherapies and discuss the mechanisms of action and clinical activity of these strategies. Clin Cancer Res; 22(24); 5959–65. ©2016 AACR.
Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection is an Effective and Safe Therapy for Early Gastric Neoplasms: A Multicenter Feasible Study

Background and Aim: The technique of endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) was introduced to obtain en bloc specimens of large early gastrointestinal neoplasms. The drawback of ESD is its technical difficulty and, consequently, its higher rate of complication. In this multicenter study, we investigated the therapeutic outcomes of ESD in consecutive patients. Methods: From January 2002 to December 2008, 485 early gastric neoplasms in 418 patients were consecutively treated by using ESD procedure performed by 6 endoscopists in 4 institutions in Tokyo. Demorgraphics, tumor location, therapeutic outcomes, and complication rates were analyzed. Results: The rates of en bloc resection, complete en bloc resection, submucosal invasion, and piecemeal resection were 93.6%, 85.4%, 10.9%, and 5.4%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, the en bloc resection rate was independently lower in lesions in upper portion than in lower portion (P<0.01), lower in larger lesions (>30 mm, P<0.05; 20 to 30 mm, P<0.05), and lower in lesions with a scar (P<0.01). Delayed bleeding occurrence was independently high in larger lesions (>30 mm, P<0.01; 20 to 29 mm, P<0.01) than in small lesions (<20 mm). Institution and endoscopists were not risk factors of en bloc resection and complications Conclusions: ESD is an effective and safe therapy in the management of early gastric neoplasms when performed by well-trained endoscopists. Endoscopists should recognize the difficulty to perform ESD for en bloc resection of upper lesion, and the risk of delayed bleeding in cases of lesions >2 cm in size.
How to Do a Superior Performance Appraisal

Performance Appraisal Systems What Goes Wrong and Why: Eight Common Appraisal Errors RECOMMENDED APPROACH TO PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT The Swan Approach to Performance Management Setting Good Performance Objectives Defining Performance Factors Creating an Employee Development Plan How to Make Your Organization's System Work Writing the Appraisal THE PERFORMANCE APPRAISAL DISCUSSION Preparing for the Discussion and Building a Productive Atmosphere Structuring the Performance Appraisal Discussion Listening Skills Questioning and Probing Techniques How to Cope with Defensiveness and Facilitate Problem Solving Conducting Fair and Legal Performance Appraisals Index.
Thermally oxidized LPCVD silicon as gate dielectric on GaN

A two step gate dielectric deposition technique on GaN, viz. thermal oxidation of Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposited (LPCVD) silicon is reported. Current-Voltage (I-V) and Capacitance-Voltage (C-V) characterization of the Metal Insulator Semiconductor (MIS) capacitors are carried out to assess the interface properties. MIS devices with thermal oxide show improved I-V characteristics compared to those with Plasma Enhanced Chemical Vapor Deposited (PECVD) SiO2. However, Si deposition and oxidation schedule has to be carefully optimized to achieve high quality SiO2 on GaN.
Sex Therapy: A Practical Guide

Introduction Sexual anatomy and sexual response PART I: SEXUAL PROBLEMS: The nature of sexual problems The prevalence and effects of sexual problems Causes of sexual problems PART II MANAGEMENT OF SEXUAL PROBLEMS: Assessment The formulation The homework assignments Maximising therapeutic effects and overcoming difficulties Educational aspects Helping with general relationship problems The end of treatment Research findings concerning sex therapy with couples Further therapeutic approaches Concluding comments Recommended reading References Index
Gene expression elicited by NFAT in the presence or absence of cooperative recruitment of Fos and Jun

Cooperation between nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) and AP‐1 (Fos–Jun) proteins on composite NFAT–AP‐1 DNA elements constitutes a powerful mechanism for signal integration of the calcium and protein kinase C/Ras pathways in the regulation of gene expression. Here we report that NFAT can induce expression of certain genes in T cells without the need for cooperative recruitment of Fos and Jun. Using NFAT1 mutant proteins that are unable to interact with Fos–Jun dimers but are unaffected in DNA binding or transcriptional activity, we show that expression of interleukin (IL)‐2, granulocyte–macrophage colony‐stimulating factor (GM‐CSF), IL‐3, IL‐4, MIP1α and Fas ligand mRNAs is absolutely dependent on cooperation between NFAT and Fos–Jun; in contrast, NFAT induces tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) mRNA and IL‐13 promoter activity without any necessity to recruit Fos and Jun. Furthermore, we show that NFAT–Fos–Jun cooperation is also essential to elicit the NFAT‐dependent program of activation‐induced cell death. Our results support the hypothesis that even in a single cell type, NFAT activation can evoke two distinct biological programs of gene expression, dependent or independent of NFAT–AP‐1 cooperation.
Comparative Statics Under Uncertainty: Single Crossing Properties and Log-Supermodularity

This paper develops necessary and sufficient conditions for monotone comparative statics predictions in several general classes of stochastic optimization problems. There are two main results, where the first pertains to single crossing properties (of marginal returns, incremental returns, and indifference curves) in stochastic problems with a single random variable, and the second class involves log-supermodularity of functions with multiple random variables (where log-supermodularity of a density corresponds to the property affiliation from auction theory).
Regional lung clearance during cough and forced expiration technique (FET): effects of flow and viscoelasticity.

BACKGROUND--In vitro studies have suggested that both the viscoelastic properties of lung secretions and the peak flow attained during simulated cough influence clearance. This study examines the possible association of the viscoelastic properties of sputum and maximum expiratory flow with measured effectiveness of mucus clearance induced by instructed cough and by forced expiration technique (FET) in patients with airways obstruction. METHODS--Nineteen patients (11 men and eight women) of mean (SE) age, % predicted FEV1, and daily sputum wet weight of 64 (2) years, 52 (6)%, and 37.5 (7.9) g respectively participated in the study. Mucus movement from proximal and peripheral lung regions was measured by an objective non-invasive radioaerosol technique. Each patient underwent three assessments: control, cough, and FET. During cough and FET, maximum expiratory flow was measured at the mouth level. Apparent viscosity and elasticity of the expectorated sputum samples were measured with a viscometer. RESULTS--Compared with the control run (mean (SE) clearance: 16 (3)%) there was an increase in clearance from the whole lung during cough (44 (5)%) and FET (42 (5)%), and also an enhanced clearance of inhaled, deposited radioaerosol from the trachea, inner and intermediate regions of the lungs, but not from the outer region. There were, however, no differences in regional clearance between cough and FET. Neither regional nor total clearance correlated with maximum expiratory flow, apparent viscosity, elasticity, or daily sputum wet weight. CONCLUSIONS--These results confirm that cough and FET both promote effective clearance but suggest that, unlike in vitro studies, sputum production and viscoelasticity, as well as maximum expiratory flow, provide no guide to clearance efficacy in humans.
Chemical characterization of bioactive peptides from in vivo digests of casein

Summary The in vivo formation of biologically active caseinopeptides was studied. It was proved that bioactive peptides were released in the small intestine of minipigs in the course of luminal digestion of diets containing bovine casein. An opioid peptide and a phosphopeptide were isolated from jejunal chyme and were chemically characterized. The opioid peptide has been identified as a fragment of β-casein (60–70). This peptide, named β-casomorphin-ll, displayed substantial opioid activity in an opiate receptor-binding assay. The caseinophosphopeptide has been shown to be a fragment of αs1-casein (66–74). Casein-derived phosphopeptides exhibit a potent ability to form soluble complexes with Ca and trace elements. Evidence exists that casomorphins and caseinophosphopeptides participate in the regulation of nutrient entry.
Pseudo-dementia: A neuropsychological review

Ever since Kiloh (1961)[2] coined the term pseudo-dementia, it has been used a little loosely for describing the cognitive deficits in depression, especially, which is found in old age. However, several diagnostic dilemmas persist regarding the nosological status of this condition. Teasing out these individual diagnostic problems is important not only for administering appropriate therapy, but also for preventing them from the unnecessary diagnostic assessments towards the other diagnoses. Thus, it is important to have a detailed knowledge of the cognitive or neuropsychological deficits in this condition. In this review, we start by addressing the important issue of diagnostic confusion between dementia and pseudo-dementia. Subsequently, we proceed by reviewing the present scientific literature on the cognitive deficits found in this clinical condition. For the sake of convenience, we will divide the cognitive deficits into: Memory deficits Executive function deficits and Deficits in speech and language domains. Finally, we will look at the progression of this condition to see the components of this condition, which can be actually called “Pseudo”.
Mechanical Behavior of AZ31B Mg Alloy Sheets under Monotonic and Cyclic Loadings at Room and Moderately Elevated Temperatures

Large-strain monotonic and cyclic loading tests of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheets were performed with a newly developed testing system, at different temperatures, ranging from room temperature to 250 °C. Behaviors showing significant twinning during initial in-plane compression and untwinning in subsequent tension at and slightly above room temperature were recorded. Strong yielding asymmetry and nonlinear hardening behavior were also revealed. Considerable Bauschinger effects, transient behavior, and variable permanent softening responses were observed near room temperature, but these were reduced and almost disappeared as the temperature increased. Different stress–strain responses were inherent to the activation of twinning at lower temperatures and non-basal slip systems at elevated temperatures. A critical temperature was identified to account for the transition between the twinning-dominant and slip-dominant deformation mechanisms. Accordingly, below the transition point, stress–strain curves of cyclic loading tests exhibited concave-up shapes for compression or compression following tension, and an unusual S-shape for tension following compression. This unusual shape disappeared when the temperature was above the transition point. Shrinkage of the elastic range and variation in Young’s modulus due to plastic strain deformation during stress reversals were also observed. The texture-induced anisotropy of both the elastic and plastic behaviors was characterized experimentally.
Involvement of Matrix Metalloproteinase in Neuroblast Cell Migration from the Subventricular Zone after Stroke

After brain injury, neuroblast cells from the subventricular zone (SVZ) expand and migrate toward damaged tissue. The mechanisms that mediate these neurogenic and migratory responses remain to be fully dissected. Here, we show that bromodeoxyuridine-labeled and doublecortin-positive cells from the SVZ colocalize with the extracellular protease matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) during the 2 week recovery period after transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice. Treatment with the broad spectrum MMP inhibitor GM6001 significantly decreases the migration of doublecortin-positive cells that extend from the SVZ into the striatum. These data suggest that MMPs are involved in endogenous mechanisms of neurogenic migration as the brain seeks to heal itself after injury.
Reliability and validity of a parent questionnaire on childhood motor skills.

OBJECTIVE As the consequences of clumsiness in children become better understood, the need for valid measurement tools is apparent. Parent report has the potential for providing historical knowledge of the child's motor skills, as well as perceptions of their children's motor difficulties. The objective was to develop a parent questionnaire to identify motor difficulties in children. METHOD A sample of 306 children participated in the development of a 17-item parent questionnaire, called the Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire (DCDQ). Internal consistency, concurrent and construct validity were examined. RESULTS The DCDQ proved capable of distinguishing children who had motor problems (as measured by standardized tests) from children without motor problems. Correlations with standardized tests were significant. Two other studies confirmed the construct validity of the DCDQ. Factor analysis revealed four distinct factors, useful in defining the nature of the difficulties. CONCLUSION The DCDQ is a succinct and useful measure for use by occupational therapists.
Jaundice following open-heart surgery

Singh, H. M. , and Baker, J. T. (1974). Thorax, 29, 68-74. Jaundice following open-heart surgery. A study was made into the factors influencing the onset of jaundice in 102 patients undergoing valve replacement during cardiopulmonary bypass. Postoperative jaundice appeared to be correlated with double valve replacement, the co-existence of an uncorrected valvular lesion, length of perfusion and myocardial ischaemia times, and also the age of the patient. Factors appearing not to be correlated with the onset of jaundice included preoperative pulmonary artery pressure, cardiac index, parameters of preoperative renal and hepatic function, and the amount of blood used during bypass. The biochemical features of the jaundice seemed to follow a pattern not previously recognized in this context, with sometimes considerably raised bilirubin levels in association with virtually normal levels of transaminases and alkaline phosphatase.
PERAN KEPALA SEKOLAH SEBAGAI MANAJER DALAM MENINGKATKAN MUTU PENDIDIKAN DI SMP 1 CILAWU GARUT

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mendeskripsikan strategi kepala sekolah dalam merencanakan program, mengorganisasikan, menggerakkan dan mengawasi program sekolah untuk meningkatkan mutu pendidikan di SMP 1 Cilawu; (2) mendeskripsikan penghambat dalam meningkatkan mutu pendidikan. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kasus dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Subjek penelitian adalah pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan kepala sekolah sebagai seorang manajer berperan: (1) merencanakan program dengan merinci kebutuhan pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan yang akan menjalankan tugas, merencanakan kurikulum yang akan dijalankan, merencanakan kebijakan penambahan mata pelajaran bimbingan konseling dengan waktu dua jam per minggu; (2) membuat struktur organisasi yang melibatkan orang tua murid melalui komite sekolah dan melengkapi sarpras yang dibutuhkan; (3) Memberi contoh yang baik dan tenang dalam bekerja, memberi motivasi dan penghargaan terhadap personilnya baik moril maupun materil, meningkatan kesejahteraan, mengikutsertakan pendidik dan tenaga kependidikan dalam diklat-diklat dan memotivasi guru senior agar memiliki semangat life long education ; (4) mengawasi output , PBM, dan peserta didik mulai dari proses penerimaan sampai selesai sekolah. (5) adapun hambatan yang dialami adalah adanya personil yang masih tidak disiplin, kurangnya komunikasi antara kepala sekolah dengan sebagian personil.
Radiative Shocks in Rotating Accretion Flows around Black Holes

It is well known that the rotating inviscid accretion flows with adequate injection parameters around black holes could form shock waves close to the black holes, after the flow passes through the outer sonic point and can be virtually stopped by the centrifugal force. We examine numerically such shock waves in 1D and 2D accretion flows, taking account of cooling and heating of the gas and radiation transport. The numerical results show that the shock location shifts outward compared with that in the adiabatic solutions and that the more rarefied ambient density leads to the more outward shock location. In the 2D-flow, we find an intermediate frequency QPO behavior of the shock location as is observed in the black hole candidate GRS 1915+105.
Nucleolin Is Required for an Efficient Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection

ABSTRACT Productive infection by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), which occurs in the host cell nucleus, is accompanied by dramatic modifications of the nuclear architecture, including profound alterations of nucleolar morphology. Here, we show that the three most abundant nucleolar proteins—nucleolin, B23, and fibrillarin—are redistributed out of the nucleoli as a consequence of HSV-1 infection. We show that the amount of nucleolin increases progressively during the course of infection. We demonstrate for the first time that a nucleolar protein, i.e., nucleolin, colocalizes with ICP8 in the viral replication compartments, at the time when viral replication is effective, suggesting an involvement of nucleolin in the HSV-1 DNA replication process. At later times of infection, a granular form of nucleolin localizes to the cytoplasm, in structures that display the characteristic features of aggresomes, indicating that this form of nucleolin is very probably destined for degradation. The delocalization of nucleolin from the nucleoli requires the viral ICP4 protein or a factor(s) whose expression involves ICP4. Using small interfering RNA technology, we show that viral replication requires a high level of nucleolin expression, demonstrating for the first time a direct role for a nucleolar protein in herpes simplex virus biology.