Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
European Journal of Education and Psychology

The aim of this work is twofold: first, to find out if there are differences by gender and academic level in relaxation and mindfulness competence in high school students. Second, it is intended to analyze the relation between Relaxation-Mindfulness, Classroom Climate and Academic Performance based on the hypothesis that classroom climate acts as a mediator between relaxation-mindfulness and academic performance. The study was conducted during an intervention of TREVA’s Relaxation-Mindfulness Program on a sample of 420 students of Compulsory Secondary School and High School with an average age of 14.29. The results showed no differences by gender in mindfulness but partially, by educational level. It was found that classroom climate acts as a mediator between mindfulness and academic performance. The implementation of programs of relaxation-mindfulness is highly recommended for Secondary and High School students.
Automated News Suggestions for Populating Wikipedia Entity Pages

Wikipedia entity pages are a valuable source of information for direct consumption and for knowledge-base construction, update and maintenance. Facts in these entity pages are typically supported by references. Recent studies show that as much as 20% of the references are from online news sources. However, many entity pages are incomplete even if relevant information is already available in existing news articles. Even for the already present references, there is often a delay between the news article publication time and the reference time. In this work, we therefore look at Wikipedia through the lens of news and propose a novel news-article suggestion task to improve news coverage in Wikipedia, and reduce the lag of newsworthy references. Our work finds direct application, as a precursor, to Wikipedia page generation and knowledge-base acceleration tasks that rely on relevant and high quality input sources. We propose a two-stage supervised approach for suggesting news articles to entity pages for a given state of Wikipedia. First, we suggest news articles to Wikipedia entities (article-entity placement) relying on a rich set of features which take into account the salience and relative authority of entities, and the novelty of news articles to entity pages. Second, we determine the exact section in the entity page for the input article (article-section placement) guided by class-based section templates. We perform an extensive evaluation of our approach based on ground-truth data that is extracted from external references in Wikipedia. We achieve a high precision value of up to 93% in the article-entity suggestion stage and upto 84% for the article-section placement. Finally, we compare our approach against competitive baselines and show significant improvements.
Communicating change – meaningful moments, situated cognition and music therapy: A response to North (2014)

How can we document and explain changes in, and outcomes of, music therapeutic work? In therapy, change is connected to a timeline of meaningful moments of insight and communication between therapist and client, which need to be understood through a situationist stance on musical experience. Social neuroscience research that describes time processes of musical communication and physiological change creates frameworks for researching such processes. What accounts for change in music therapy can be elucidated by recent research into music therapy praxis of improvising and verbal reflection and research on music’s effects on neural processing, particularly in fronto-temporal and right-hemisphere regions that are implicated in music, language and emotion processing.
Private security and urban crime mitigation

This article identifies Business Improvement Districts (BIDs) as new actors of urban policing and analyzes the relatively unknown contribution of their security divisions to public safety. Over the past two decades, property owners and corporate leaders in hundreds of business districts across the United States have banded together to change people’s negative perceptions about downtown. Contrary to all appearances, BIDs have not established a private crimefighting force, but instead have strived to eliminate all signs of physical and behavioral disorders to prevent crime and reassure the public. In doing so, the private sector has implemented the principles of the broken windows theory even before they influenced American policing. This innovative and non-confrontational approach that BIDs have opted for explains why police departments and debt-ridden municipalities have tolerated and sometimes even encouraged the intrusion of private security into public space.
“Who Done It?” Attributions by Entrepreneurs and Experts of the Factors that Cause and Impede Small Business Success

Attribution theory deals with how individuals infer causality between events and has been used to explain various social psychological phenomena such as achievement, sex stereotyping, and the impact of reward on behavior. But the direct application of the theory to entrepreneurship has been made only recently. The present study tests for the existence of a self‐serving attribution bias among entrepreneurs when they enumerate the factors that contribute to or impede their business success as well as for the presence of an actor–observer attribution bias. Three samples are compared. Two are samples of entrepreneurs: one of independent pharmacists and the other a broadly based sample of business owners. A third sample is of experts. The presence of a self‐serving attribution bias is shown in the two business owners’ samples. In addition, clear differences are shown between the entrepreneurs and the experts, confirming the expectation of an actor–observer attribution bias.
Health Effects of Occupational Exposures to Vehicle Emissions in Shanghai

Abstract The authors investigated the health effects of occupational exposures to vehicle emissions in 745 bus drivers, conductors, and taxi drivers, compared with 532 unexposed controis, in Shanghai. Logistic regression and general linear models were used to examine the relationship between exposure and respiratory illness. Results showed that the prevalences of some respiratory symptoms and chronic respiratory diseases were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the exposed group than in. the controls. The adjusted odds ratios for throat pain, phlegm, chronic rhinitis, and chronic pharyngitis were 1.95 (95% CI 1.55–2.46), 3.90 (95% CI 2.61–5.81), 1.96 (95% CI 1.11–3.46), and 4;19 (95% CI 2.49–7.06), respectively. Also, there were exposure time-response relationships for the prevalences of phlegm and chronic respiratory disease. Pulmonary function and blood lead levels were not significantly correlated with exposure status. The results suggest that occupational exposure to vehicle emissions may induce detectable adverse health effects.
The role of soy isoflavones in menopausal health: report of The North American Menopause Society/Wulf H. Utian Translational Science Symposium in Chicago, IL (October 2010)

Objectives: If and to what extent soy protein, soy isoflavones, and their metabolites, including S(-)-equol, have beneficial effects on women's health is currently unclear. The North American Menopause Society (NAMS)/Utian Translational Science Symposium on Soy and Soy Isoflavones convened October 9-10, 2010, to clarify basic and clinical research findings as they relate to the risk and benefits of soy products for peri- and postmenopausal women. Methods: A working group of faculty and panelists composed of clinical and research experts in the fields of women's health and botanicals met during a 2-day translational symposium to cover the latest evidence-based science on isoflavones as they affect menopausal symptoms, breast and endometrial cancer, atherosclerosis, bone loss, and cognition. Full descriptions of the bioavailability and pharmacokinetics of isoflavones were also presented. Subspecialty groups then broke off with the goal of translating the information into a report for general medical practice and identifying further research areas. All faculty and panelists reviewed the final report, which was then approved by the NAMS Board of Trustees. Results: From the hundreds of studies reviewed in this report, there are mixed results of the effects on midlife women. Soy-based isoflavones are modestly effective in relieving menopausal symptoms; supplements providing higher proportions of genistein or increased in S(-)-equol may provide more benefits. Soy food consumption is associated with lower risk of breast and endometrial cancer in observational studies. The efficacy of isoflavones on bone has not been proven, and the clinical picture of whether soy has cardiovascular benefits is still evolving. Preliminary findings on cognitive benefit from isoflavone therapy support a "critical window" hypothesis wherein younger postmenopausal women derive more than older women. Conclusions: Several areas for further research have been identified on soy and midlife women. More clinical studies are needed that compare outcomes among women whose intestinal bacteria have the ability to convert daidzein to equol (equol producers) with those that lack that ability (equol nonproducers) in order to determine if equol producers derive greater benefits from soy supplementation. Larger studies are needed in younger postmenopausal women, and more research is needed to understand the modes of use of soy isoflavone supplements in women. The interrelations of other dietary components on soy isoflavones consumed as a part of diet or by supplement on equol production also require further study, as do potential interactions with prescription and over-the-counter medications. And finally, greater standardization and documentation of clinical trial data of soy are needed.
Performance limits of sensor-scheduling strategies in electronic support

The case is considered in which a frequency-agile receiver (FAR) for electronic support (ES) attempts to intercept radar emissions over a wide search bandwidth. It was recently shown [1,2] that a random strategy exists in which the expected intercept time can be made arbitrarily close to linear as a function of the scan period of the radar. Can a deterministic strategy be devised in which a similar linear relationship exists for the maximum intercept time? By applying the celebrated arithmetic results of van der Waerden [3] and Szemeredi [4], we show that no such strategy is possible.
Activities of Daily Living and Costs in Nursing Homes

Functionality, as measured by activities of daily living (ADL), is the most important predictor of the cost of nursing home care. Data from a field-test version of the federally mandated Minimum Data Set (MDS) were examined using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and recursive partitioning methods to determine the relationships between ADL limitations and nursing cost (wage-weighted nursing time) among nursing home residents (n = 6,663). From this analysis, an index based on limitations in four ADLs was created. The developed ADL index is a readily determined measure of functional status useful in allocating nursing staff within nursing homes and in comparing the functional status of groups of residents, explaining 30 percent of variance in nursing costs among nursing home residents.
Cumulated need for psychiatric service as shown in a community psychiatric project

Synopsis District psychiatric services often supplement intramural mental health programmes. They usually result in an increase in the number of referrals to the mental health facilities, which reflects a cumulative need for psychiatric examination and treatment in the population. A significant decrease in the annual first referral rates per 1000 inhabitants aged 15 years and above is apparent in an analysis of the trends in the Danish Samsø community psychiatric service from its inception in 1957 until 1982. The average annual rates were 19·4 in the first 5-year period, 10·0 in the second 5-year period, and 8·4 in the ‘steady state period’ from 1967 to 1982. The conclusion is, therefore, that the work load connected with the cumulative need for psychiatric examination and treatment should be terminated in approximately 10 years. A comparison of the two 5-year periods, 1957–61 and 1978–82, demonstrated a decrease in first referral rates in almost all diagnostic groups: this is significant among manic-depressive psychoses, neurotic states and unspecified mental disorders. The rates of no mental disorders and senile and arteriosclerotic psychoses were almost unchanged. In the 10-year age groups there was a decrease in first referral rates for all groups, except for the groups aged 75 years and above whose rates were unchanged. The concept of cumulative need for psychiatric examination and treatment is discussed in relation to the reports of various district psychiatric service programmes in different European countries.
Frequent occurrence of CCND1 deregulation in patients with early stages of plasma cell dyscrasia

Chromosomal translocations involving the immunoglobulin heavy chain gene (IgH) and nonrandom protooncogene loci are the hallmark of genetic alterations found not only in multiple myeloma (MM), but also in premalignant stages of MM, including monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering myeloma (SMM). We studied the frequency of IgH (14q32) rearrangements and their partner chromosomes in 16 Japanese patients with MGUS (13 cases), and SMM (3 cases) by means of interphase double‐color fluorescence in situ hybridization (DCFISH) applied to purified plasma cells and using CD138‐bead selection. IgH rearrangement was recognized in nine of the patients (56.3%). Protooncogene loci juxtaposed to IgH were identified in seven cases including CCND1 (11q13) in six cases and FGFR3 (4p16) in one. Four out of the six t(11;14)‐positive cases showed nuclear staining of the cyclin D1 protein, whereas none of the seven t(11;14)‐negative cases did. Moreover, neither MUM1(6p25)‐IgH nor MAFB(20q11)‐IgH fusion signals were observed. This suggests to us that cyclin D1 deregulation due to the presence of t(11;14) is involved in the early development of plasma cell neoplasms, and that this event alone is not enough for the development of symptomatic myeloma. (Cancer Sci 2003; 94: 350‐354)
Only children in Britain: popular stereotype and research evidence

SUMMARY. Only children are popularly believed to be spoiled, lonely and maladjusted, and few parents in Britain choose to have one child. This article documents existing prejudice against only children and their parents, and contrasts it with the very positive picture given by research. Analysis of data from a large scale survey of 16–17 year olds gives a presentation of the family background of only children in Scotland, and confirms that only children do well. The conflict between popular stereotype and research evidence is discussed, and some possible explanations are considered. The article concludes that the positive research findings on only children should be more widely known
‘Teacher leadership’: values and voice

This article focuses on teacher leadership, an important dimension of the work of the Leadership for Learning network which is the focus of this special issue. More specifically, the article focuses on the launch of a journal – Teacher Leadership – as a strategy for promoting key values: shared leadership, teachers’ leadership of development work, teachers’ knowledge building and teachers’ voice. Material published in the first two issues of this new journal is used to illustrate how these values are realised in action enabling teachers to lead innovation and contribute to the development of professional knowledge. The article begins with an exploration of the place of teacher leadership within the wider context of shared or distributed leadership.
Transformational leadership and performance: An experimental investigation of the mediating effects of basic needs satisfaction and work engagement

The aim of the present research was to integrate and extend theorizing on transformational leadership, self-determination, and work engagement. Specifically, we tested experimentally our hypotheses that the satisfaction of followers' basic psychological needs (i.e., for competence, relatedness, and autonomy) and work engagement mediate the relationship between transformational leadership and performance. A total of 190 participants worked on a brainstorming task under either a transformational or a non-transformational leadership condition. Followers' performance was operationalized through quantity, quality, and persistence. Results revealed that satisfaction of the needs for competence and relatedness mediated the relationship between transformational leadership and work engagement, which, in turn, was positively related to quality, quantity, and persistence. Taken together, these findings are largely in line with our theoretical model and support Bass' ( Leadership and performance beyond expectations. New York, NY: Free Press, 1985) and Burns' ( Leadership. New York: Harper & Row, 1978) theories on needs satisfaction being a central mechanism behind transformational leadership. Practitioner points The results of this study suggest that organizations can benefit from implementing measures to increase employees' work engagement, because this can enhance employees' performance. , Furthermore, the study provides an indication of how to design such measures. It suggests that initiatives focusing on followers' basic psychological needs satisfaction (especially of the needs for competence and relatedness) are particularly effective. , Finally, our findings indicate that transformational leadership is one concrete way to foster employees' needs satisfaction and, consequently, work engagement and performance. Hence, integrating the frameworks of transformational leadership and followers' psychological needs can provide valuable insights for leadership development
Exploring lecturers’ self-perception of change in teaching practice

The principal aim of this study is to explore the self-perception of change in teaching practice by lecturers who have graduated from the Postgraduate Certificate in Third Level Learning and Teaching Course over a period extending from 2000–2003. A qualitative questionnaire was distributed to the 45 successful graduates of the course to establish the difference that the course has made on these lecturers’ professional practice as a result of the course they completed. For this study, 25 lecturers returned completed questionnaires; all indicated that change had taken made in their teaching practice, and a number of alterations had taken place. Some of these claims lacked evidence and others provided evidence to support it. The most significant changes identified were increased reflection on current teaching practice, the introduction of new teaching strategies, increased focus on the design and delivery of classes, more work taking place on course teams, an increase in confidence about learning and teaching and a more student-centred approach taken to teaching.
Application of Strategic Management Tools After an NPM-Inspired Reform

Strategic management is said to become increasingly relevant in public organizations due to new public management (NPM) changes. However, there is a lack of studies investigating how public organizations actually apply strategic management tools which is an important aspect of strategy as practice. This article investigates which strategic management tools are applied and whether changes take place in the application of different types of tools after an NPM-inspired reform. In addition, explanations are sought for the application of different types of tools. This is investigated in Danish upper secondary schools where a reform made the schools self-governed and taximeter financed.
Consumer information search revisited: Theory and empirical analysis

A comprehensive theoretical framework for understanding consumers' information search behavior is presented. Unlike previous research, our model identifies not only what factors affect consumers' search behavior but also how these factors interact with each other. In particular, the model emphasizes the effect of prior brand perceptions on the search process. We argue that when consumers have brand-specific prior distributions of utility, the existence of relative uncertainty among brands is necessary for search to be useful. Thus, we explain why product class involvement or low search costs may not be sufficient to induce large amounts of search activity and why there may be an inverted-U-shaped relationship between search activity and experience. We test our theory on consumers' search behavior for new automobiles, using data collected contempraneously with consumers' actual decision process. Our data support our theory. Copyright 1997 by the University of Chicago.
Pathways to Occupational Attainment Among Poor Youth of Color

The formation of future occupational expectations is a critical career-development task for adolescents that has a significant impact on adult occupational attainment. However, sociopolitical barriers constrain the occupational expectations and attainment of poor youth of color. Extant research has suggested that sociopolitical development, the consciousness of and motivation to transform sociopolitical inequity, facilitates the negotiation of sociopolitical barriers that constrain career development. However, the longitudinal effect of sociopolitical development on occupational attainment is unclear. This study examines the longitudinal impact of sociopolitical development on adult occupational attainment while controlling for academic performance. The obtained structural model suggests that sociopolitical development influenced occupational expectations in 12th grade and had a longitudinal impact on adult occupational attainment among a nationally representative sample of poor youth of color. This model also fits subsamples of female and male participants, although sociopolitical development had stronger effects for young women. Sociopolitical development may inform and augment career interventions for poor youth of color.
Fuzzy stochastic Petri nets and analysis of the reliability of multi-state systems

Commonly used software may be inadequate for analysing multi-state systems because of their increasing complexity. Here, a general method of analysing the reliability of systems using fuzzy stochastic Petri nets (FSPNs) based on the fuzzy parameters of FSPNs is proposed. First, the authors’ present the degree of importance and node-to-node system dependence definitions and access rules and classify the state space using the weighted state norm. Second, using the firing rule of the FSPNs and the concept of hierarchical sub-nodes, the authors’ propose an algorithm for the analysis of adaptive FSPNs and their reliability. An adaptive simulation system based on FSPNs is also proposed. Estimates are applied to the adaptive simulation system, rendering the multi-state system more reliable and enabling the use of a structured cooperative communication network of users to request services. The results of the case study demonstrate the validity of the proposed approach.