Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acoustic model of body and swim bladder for target identification

This paper discusses the Target Strength (TS) results offish from in situ measurement at the life sea habitat compared to acoustic model. In situ measurement of fish Selarboops (Oxeye scad) and Megalaspiscordyla (Torpedo scad) have been deployed using Scientific Echo Sounder. Laterally and dorsally X-ray imaged of fish have been deployed to perform fish body and swim bladder morphology. Length, height, width, upper surface, volume, and tilt angle for swim bladder to fish body have been measured for acoustic model of Kirchhoff-ray mode (KRM) implementation. The TS results from modeling simulation were compared with TS data from in situ measurement. The consistency is achieved, which are Megalaspiscordyla produce higher TS than Selarboops and swim bladder shows significant contributions to the TS value compared to the fish body.
PEMAKAIAN REGISTER BAHASA KRU BUS AKAP DI TERMINAL TIRTONADI SURAKARTA (Kajian Sosiolinguistik)

Abstract : The research entitled “Pattern Register Language Bus Crews Inter City Inter Provincial (AKAP) at Terminal Tirtonadi Surakarta” aims to describe the form of the registers of the inter-provincial city bus crew in the Tirtonadi Terminal of Surakarta, patterns of language variations caused by social factors one of which registers, and the emergence of the frequent register of the bus crew. Register becomes something very interesting to be examined in terminal Tirtonadi, because often social communication language. The type of research used is descriptive qualitative method by doing observation directly and place is not bound. The results of the study showed 50 word register findings that were classified according to the register form, the bus crew language register pattern, the creation of new words with different meanings and special words in the community between bus crews. Abstrak: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan wujud register bahasa kru bus Antar Kota Antar Provinsi (AKAP) di Terminal Tirtonadi Surakarta, pola variasi-variasi bahasa yang disebabkan karena faktor sosial salah satunya register, dan kemunculan register yang sering dipakai kru bus. Register menjadi sesuatu yang sangat menarik untuk diteliti di Terminal Tirtonadi karena seringnya komunikasi sosial yang dimunculkan dengan menggunakan pola bahasa komunikasi khusus. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif deskriptif dengan melakukan observasi secara langsung dan tempat tidak terikat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 50 temuan kata register yang diklasifikasi berdasarkan wujud register, pola register bahasa kru bus, penciptaan kata baru dengan makna yang berbeda dan kata khusus dalam komunitas antar kru bus.
When 25 Cents is Too Much: An Experiment on Willingness-To-Sell and Willingness-To-Protect Personal Information

We present an empirical study of willingness-to-pay for protecting information (we term it willingness-to-protect) and willingness-to-accept a proposal to sell information (willingness-to-accept). We conducted the study in two parts. In the first part we presented the study participants with two yes/no offers, asking them to protect themselves against information release for a fixed amount of money, or offering them a fixed amount of money to release their information. In the second part we asked subjects to specify their maximum willingness-to-protect for personal data and their minimum willingness-to-accept for the release of personal information. Our results show a clear preference for money over data across the vast majority of participants in both the protection and the release scenarios, even when the monetary advantage of releasing or not protecting in the fixed amount choice situations is very small. In all hypothetical scenarios, we find that the average willingness-to-accept is dramatically higher than the average willingness-to-protect.
Expatriate Cultural Values Alignment: The Mediating Effect of Cross‐Cultural Adjustment Level on Innovative Behaviour

Multinational companies assign expatriates to bridge the scarcity of employees with innovative behaviour from the local labour market. Despite expatriates' significant role in inducing innovative ideas for multinational companies, the existing literature has scarcely examined those antecedent factors that affect their innovative behaviour. Even though previous studies indicated the determinant impact of host countries' culture on the expatriates' work&#8208;related behaviour, little is known about how far it affects their innovative behaviour. Therefore, drawing on the person&#8208;environment fit theory, this study examines the impact of personal value orientation and the host country's culture alignment on expatriates' innovative behaviour. The study covers 149 expatriates, from nine countries, who work in the high&#8208;tech industrial zone of Shenzhen, South China's industrial hub. Moreover, it applies a structural equation model using AmosTM 23 to conduct the analysis. The results reveal that personal value orientation fit with the host country's national culture has a significant impact on expatriates' innovative behaviour. Cross&#8208;cultural adjustment level is found to mediate this relationship. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed, and suggestions for future research are drawn from the study's limitations.
Eigenvectors of the discrete Laplacian on regular graphs—a statistical approach

In an attempt to characterize the structure of eigenvectors of random regular graphs, we investigate the correlations between the components of the eigenvectors associated with different vertices. In addition, we provide numerical observations, suggesting that the eigenvectors follow a Gaussian distribution. Following this assumption, we reconstruct some properties of the nodal structure which were observed in numerical simulations, but were not explained so far (Dakel et al 2007 APPROX-RANDOM pp 436–48).
Data hiding for fighting piracy

The problem of digital content piracy is becoming more and more critical, and major content producers are risking seeing their business being drastically reduced because of the ease by which digital contents can be copied and distributed. This is the reason why digital rights management (DRM) is currently garnering much attention from industry and research. Among the various technologies that can contribute to set up a reliable DRM system, data hiding (watermarking) has found an important place due to its potentiality of persistent attaching some additional information to the content itself. In this article, we analyzed the possible use of data hiding technology in DRM systems. The article also gives a brief survey of the main characteristics of the most common data hiding methods such as proof of ownership, watermark, copyright protection, infringement tracking, copy control, and item identification. The article also investigates the different approaches by highlighting critical points of each approach in particular from the point of view of hostile attacks.
Donation Behavior for Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector: The Role of Compassion

The nonprofit and voluntary sector also known as the third sector economy plays a key role for human and ecological sustainable wellbeing in order to address the critical situations of poverty, depleted resources, welfare and social exclusion. One way to grow and sustain the sector is by getting contributions and donations from other organizations or individual persons. Building on the revised Theory of Planned Behavior, this research attempts to explore what motivates people to donate, and determine if compassion plays a role of a moderator. Based on the structural model, the findings indicate attitude, perceived behavioral control, descriptive norm and moral norms are significant predictors to donation behavior. In addition, the relationship between moral norm and donation behavior is stronger when compassion is higher. The findings would be beneficial in putting up strategies to strengthen the nonprofit and voluntary sector by focusing on the social psychology attitudes for others and from others. As the study did not control for the size of the nonprofit organizations, we suggest future research to consider on the limitation that would be consistent with the “impact model of philanthropy” that postulates for maximum impact donation especially for sustainable wellbeing.
Are groups more likely to defer choice than their members?

When faced with a choice, people can normally select no option, i.e., defer choice. Previous research has investigated when and why individuals defer choice, but has almost never looked at these questions when groups of people make choices. Separate reasons predict that groups may be equally likely, more likely, or less likely than individuals to defer choice. We re-analyzed some previously published data and conducted a new experiment to address this question. We found that small groups of people tended to defer choice more often than their members would. Assuming that the groups used a plurality rule but gave additional weight to individual preferences to defer choice allowed the groups’ responses to be predicted quite well. We discuss several possible explanations of these findings.
IN INTERNATIONAL PSYCHOGERIATRICS : 5 . A CONTROLLED STUDY OF REPETITIVE TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION AS A TREATMENT OF DEPRESSION IN THE ELDERLY Reflection

We were delighted, but surprised, by the publication success of our first pilot trial on the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to treat late life depression (LLD) (Manes et al., 2001). This preliminary study had major limitations – for example, the small sample size and the use of both a non-therapeutic dose of rTMS and a defective method of sham stimulation. However, it addressed an important clinical problem for which we still do not have a satisfactory solution: how do we treat LLD that has been resistant to the usual therapeutic approaches in a safe and efficient way? In order to give a tentative response to this question we need to describe briefly the characteristics of LLD, the available evidence regarding the efficacy of common antidepressants in this condition, and the role that coexisting cerebrovascular disease plays in treatment response.
Unsupervised signal restoration using Copulas and pairwise Markov chains

This work is about the statistical restoration of hidden discrete signals. The problem we deal with is how to take into account, in recent pairwise and triplet Markov chain context, complex noises that can be non-Gaussian, correlated, and of class-varying nature. We propose to solve this modeling problem using Copulas. The interest of the new modeling is validated by experiments performed in supervised and unsupervised context. In the latter, all parameters are estimated from the only observed data by an original method.
Nature of the Spermatogenic Arrest in Dazl −/− Mice

Abstract Dazl encodes an RNA-binding protein essential for spermatogenesis. Mice that are deficient for Dazl are infertile, lacking any formation of spermatozoa, and the only germ cells present are spermatogonia and a few spermatocytes. To gain more insight regarding the timing of the spermatogenic arrest in Dazl −/− mice, we studied the spermatogonial cell types present in testis sections and in seminiferous tubular whole mounts. Most of the seminiferous tubular cross-sections contained A spermatogonia as the most advanced cell type, with only very few containing cells up to pachytene spermatocytes. Both 5-bromodeoxy-uridine incorporation and mitotic index indicated that the remaining A spermatogonia were actively proliferating. C-kit immunohistochemical studies showed that most of the A spermatogonia were positively stained for the c-Kit protein (∼80%). The clonal composition of the A spermatogonia in tubular whole mounts indicated these cells to be Asingle (As), Apaired (Apr), and Aaligned (Aal) spermatogonia. It is concluded that the prime spermatogenic defect in the Dazl −/− mice is a failure of the great majority of the Aal spermatogonia to differentiate into A1 spermatogonia. As a result, most seminiferous tubules of Dazl −/− mice only contain actively proliferating As, Apr, and Aal spermatogonia, with cell production being equaled by apoptosis of these cells.
Dynamics of Exports and Economic Growth at Regional Level: A Study on Pakistan's Exports to SAAR

It is well recognized in literature that countries having a better export performance also enjoying the better economic growth and vice versa. Above said statement raises a striking question: is the economic growth (GDP) and exports having strong linkages? The aim of present study is to test the above said question at regional level exports, especially in context of Pakistan’s exports to South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) to gauge the effectiveness of regional trade agreement. Study contributes literature in terms of regional level exports to test "economic growth and exports" relationship. Results revealed that Johansen cointegration test failed to affirm long run relationship between GDP and Pakistan’s exports to SAARC, hence, short-term relationship exist. Granger causality revealed unidirectional nature of causality from GDP to Pakistan’s exports to SAARC. The regulatory authorizes of developing nations should focus on the measures to improve their economic growth to gain the benefits from Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs).
Inequalities in Global Trade: A Cross-Country Comparison of Trade Network Position, Economic Wealth, Pollution and Mortality

In this paper we investigate how structural patterns of international trade give rise to emissions inequalities across countries, and how such inequality in turn impact countries’ mortality rates. We employ Multi-regional Input-Output analysis to distinguish between sulfur-dioxide (SO2) emissions produced within a country’s boarders (production-based emissions) and emissions triggered by consumption in other countries (consumption-based emissions). We use social network analysis to capture countries’ level of integration within the global trade network. We then apply the Prais-Winsten panel estimation technique to a panel data set across 172 countries over 20 years (1990–2010) to estimate the relationships between countries’ level of integration and SO2 emissions, and the impact of trade integration and SO2 emission on mortality rates. Our findings suggest a positive, (log-) linear relationship between a country’s level of integration and both kinds of emissions. In addition, although more integrated countries are mainly responsible for both forms of emissions, our findings indicate that they also tend to experience lower mortality rates. Our approach offers a unique combination of social network analysis with multiregional input-output analysis, which better operationalizes intuitive concepts about global trade and trade structure.
Ant Colony Optimization and Local Weighted Structural Equation Modeling. A Tutorial on Novel Item and Person Sampling Procedures for Personality Research

Measurement in personality development faces many psychometric problems. First, theory–based measurement models do not fit the empirical data in terms of traditional confirmatory factor analysis. Second, measurement invariance across age, which is necessary for a meaningful interpretation of age–associated personality differences, is rarely accomplished. Finally, continuous moderator variables, such as age, are often artificially categorized. This categorization leads to bias when interpreting differences in personality across age. In this tutorial, we introduce methods to remedy these problems. We illustrate how Ant Colony Optimization can be used to sample indicators that meet prespecified demands such as model fit. Further, we use Local Structural Equation Modeling to resample and weight subjects to study differences in the measurement model across age as a continuous moderator variable. We also provide a detailed illustration for both tools with the Neuroticism scale of the openly available International Personality Item Pool – NEO inventory using data from the UK sample (N = 15 827). Combined, both tools can remedy persistent problems in research on personality and its development. In addition to a step–by–step illustration, we provide commented syntax for both tools. © 2019 European Association of Personality Psychology
Molecular Mechanisms in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: The Role of Angiogenin, a Secreted RNase

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a fatal neurodegenerative disease caused by the loss of motoneurons. The precise molecular and cellular basis for neuronal death is not yet well established, but the contemporary view is that it is a culmination of multiple aberrant biological processes. Among the proposed mechanisms of motoneuron degeneration, alterations in the homeostasis of RNA binding proteins (RBP) and the consequent changes in RNA metabolism have received attention recently. The ribonuclease, angiogenin was one of the first RBPs associated with familial and sporadic ALS. It is enriched in motoneurons under physiological conditions, and is required for motoneuron survival under stress conditions. Furthermore, delivery of angiogenin protects cultured motoneurons against stress-induced injury, and significantly increases the survival of motoneurons in SODG93A mice. In this overview on the role of angiogenin in RNA metabolism and in the control of motoneuron survival, we discuss potential pathogenic mechanisms of angiogenin dysfunction relevant to ALS and other neurodegenerative disorders. We also discuss recent evidence demonstrating that angiogenin secreted from stressed motoneurons may alter RNA metabolism in astrocytes.
Towards Characterizing and Classifying Communication-based Automotive Applications from a Wireless Networking Perspective

— Together, the Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) and Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) technologies provide a unique opportunity to develop various types of communication-based automotive applications. To date, many applications have been identiﬁed by the automotive society. Given the large number and diverse nature of these applications, it is advantageous to develop a systematic classiﬁcation methodology to facilitate future DSRC and VANET research. Toward this objective, we present a study that goes through two major steps: characterization and classiﬁcation. First, we focus on a rich set of representative applications and characterize them with respect to plausible application-and networking-related attributes. The characterization process not only strengthens our understanding of the applications but also sets the stage for the classiﬁcation step since it reveals numerous application commonalities. Thus, we have categorized the given applications into seven generic classes, with the consideration of balancing the trade-off between exploiting as many application similarities as possible while preserving their salient differences. This is of paramount importance to facilitate performance analysis for newly designed protocols. Finally, we have identiﬁed key performance metrics for each class of applications, which, we hope, could bridge the gap between the automotive and wireless networking communities. Accordingly, the proposed classes are envisioned to play a dual-role: to facilitate application simulation and performance evaluation, and to guide DSRC and VANET protocol research and development.
Disentangling Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients’ Implicit and Explicit Attitudes toward Methotrexate

Medication non-adherence is a major public health problem that has been termed an ‘invisible epidemic. ’ Non-adherence is not only associated with negative clinical consequences but can also result in substantial healthcare costs. Up to now, effective adherence interventions are scarce and a more comprehensive model of adherence determinants is required to target the determinants for not taking the medication as prescribed. Current approaches only included explicit attitudes such as self-reported evaluations of medication as determinants, neglecting the role of associative processes that shape implicit attitudes. Implicit processes can predict daily behavior more accurately than explicit attitudes. Our aim is to assess explicit and implicit attitudes toward medication and explore the relation with beliefs, adherence and clinical (laboratory) outcomes in chronically ill patients. Fifty two Rheumatic Arthritis (RA) patients’ attitudes toward Methotrexate (MTX) were explicitly (self-reported) and implicitly (Single-Category Implicit Association Test) assessed and related to the Beliefs about Medicine Questionnaire, the Compliance Questionnaire on Rheumatology and laboratory parameters [Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), C-Reactive Protein (CRP)]. Results show that explicit attitudes were positive and health-related. Implicit attitudes were, however, negative and sickness-related. Half of the patients displayed explicitly positive but implicitly negative attitudes. Explicit attitudes were positively related to ESR. A positive relationship between implicit attitudes and disease duration was observed. In this study, we have obtained evidence suggesting that the measurement of implicit attitudes and associations provides different information than explicit, self-reported attitudes toward medication. Since patients’ implicit attitudes deviated from explicit attitudes, we can conclude that the relationship between implicit attitudes and medication adherence is worthwhile to be further explored. With this information we can improve our understanding of the subconscious, automatic processes underlying adherence and we can develop interventions that target these implicit attitudes.
Role of ethylene signalling in the formation of constitutive aerenchyma in primary roots of rice

Although aerenchyma formed in the roots of some species can be promoted by ethylene, such roots also form a somewhat less extensive aerenchyma under well-aerated conditions. It has been unclear whether ethylene is involved in promoting this constitutive aerenchyma. To test this possibility a novel sandwich method was employed in rice roots. A more extensive aerenchyma was formed on the ACC-treated side. 1-MCP inhibited aerenchyma formation in the presence or absence of ACC. The results indicate that ethylene signaling is involved in aerenchyma development in rice roots and that this may include the regulation of constitutive aerenchyma.