Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Extraction, Separation, and Identification of Phenolic Compounds in Virgin Olive Oil by HPLC-DAD and HPLC-MS

The aim of this study was to evaluate the recovery of individual phenolic compounds extracted from virgin olive oil (VOO), from different Greek olive varieties. Sufficient recoveries (90%) of all individual phenolic compounds were obtained using methanol as an extraction solvent, acetonitrile for residue solubilization, and two washing steps with hexane. Moreover, in order to elucidate structural characteristics of phenolic compounds in VOO, high performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) at 280 and 340 nm and HPLC coupled to electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-MS) in the negative-ion mode were performed. The most abundant phenolic compounds were oleuropein derivatives with m/z 319 and 377 and ligstroside derivatives with m/z 303, 361. Lignans, such as 1-acetoxypinoresinol and pinoresinol were also present in substantial quantities in the phenolic fraction. However, pinoresinol was co-eluted with dialdehydic form of ligstroside aglycone (DAFLA) and it was not possible to be quantified separately. The phenolic extracts, obtained from different VOO samples, yielded similar HPLC profiles. Differences, however, were observed in the last part of the chromatogram, corresponding to isomers of the aldehydic form of ligstroside aglycone. Oxidized phenolic products, originating from secoiridoids, were also detected.
How to Specify and How to Prove Correctness of Secure Routing Protocols for MANET

Secure routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks have been developed recently, yet, it has been unclear what are the properties they achieve, as a formal analysis of these protocols is mostly lacking. In this paper, we are concerned with this problem, how to specify and how to prove the correctness of a secure routing protocol. We provide a definition of what a protocol is expected to achieve independently of its functionality, as well as a communication and adversary models. This way, we enable formal reasoning on the correctness of secure routing protocols. We demonstrate this by analyzing two protocols from the literature.
Criterion for local distinguishability of arbitrary orthogonal states

In this paper we present a necessary condition of distinguishability of othogonal multi-partite quantum states. With this condition one can discuss some especial cases for distinguishability further. We also present a necessary condition of distinguishability of bipartite quantum states which is simple and general. With this condition one can get many cases of indistinguishability. The conclusions may be useful in understanding the essence of nonlocality and calculating the distillable entanglement and the bound of distillable entanglement. PACS number(s): 89.70. +c, 03.65. ud
Modeling of direction-dependent Processes using Wiener models and neural networks with nonlinear output error structure

The modeling of direction-dependent dynamic processes using Wiener models and recurrent neural network models with nonlinear output error structure is considered. The results obtained are compared for several simulated first-order and second-order processes and using three different types of input signals: a pseudorandom binary signal, an inverse-repeat pseudorandom binary signal and a multisine (sum of harmonics) signal. Experimental results on a real system, namely an electronic nose system, are also presented to illustrate the applicability of the techniques discussed.
Spectral Decomposition of Demand-Side Flexibility for Reliable Ancillary Services in a Smart Grid

This paper describes a new way of thinking about demand-side resources to provide ancillary services to control the grid. It is shown that loads can be classified based on the frequency bandwidth of ancillary service that they can offer. If demand response from loads respects these frequency limitations, it is possible to obtain highly reliable ancillary service to the grid, while maintaining strict bounds on the quality of service (QoS) delivered by each load. It is argued that automated demand response is required for reliable control. Moreover, some intelligence is needed at demand response loads so that the aggregate will be reliable and controllable.
Risk of electrocoagulation syndrome after endoscopic submucosal dissection in the colon and rectum

Background and study aims: The risk of post endoscopic submucosal dissection electrocoagulation syndrome (PEECS) is unknown. We aimed to investigate the incidence and clinicopathologic risk factors associated with PEECS after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD). Patients and methods: All patients treated with colorectal ESD between 2009 and 2011 by a single expert ESD endoscopist at Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul, Korea were included in this retrospective study. Patients who had fever, regional rebound tenderness, or marked leukocytosis after ESD were defined as having PEECS. Results: 89 patients were treated during the study period. Six patients with microperforation and one patient with overt perforation were excluded. Thus, 82 cases without perforation were analyzed. The risk of PEECS was 40.2 %. In the PEECS group, the mean size of resected specimens was larger and mean procedure time was longer than in the patients without PEECS. The risk of PEECS was significantly lower for patients with carcinoid tumors, and for ESD in the rectosigmoid area. Piecemeal resection was significantly associated with the development of PEECS. In multivariate analysis, lesion size larger than 3 cm (odds ratio [OR] 5.0, 95 % confidence interval [95 %CI] 1.2 – 21.7) and site other than rectosigmoid (OR 7.6, 95 %CI 2.1 – 27.9) were independent risk factors for PEECS. Conclusions: Large tumor size and tumor site other than rectosigmoid were independent risk factors related to PEECS. Patients with tumors larger than 3 cm, in colon areas other than the rectosigmoid, should be observed carefully after colorectal ESD.
A practical solution for scripting language compilers

Although scripting languages are becoming increasingly popular, even mature scripting language implementations remain interpreted. Several compilers and reimplementations have been attempted, generally focusing on performance. Based on our survey of these reimplementations, we determine that there are three important features of scripting languages that are difficult to compile or reimplement. Since scripting languages are defined primarily through the semantics of their original implementations, they often change semantics between releases. They provide large standard libraries, which are difficult to re-use, and costly to reimplement. They provide C APIs, used both for foreign-function-interfaces and to write third-party extensions. These APIs typically have tight integration with the original implementation. Finally, they support run-time code generation. These features make the important goal of correctness difficult to achieve. We present a technique to support these features in an ahead-of-time compiler for PHP. Our technique uses the original PHP implementation through the provided C API, both in our compiler, and an our generated code. We support all of these important scripting language features, particularly focusing on the correctness of compiled programs. Additionally, our approach allows us to automatically support limited future language changes. We present a discussion and performance evaluation of this technique, which has not previously been published.
Real-time Power-Aware Routing in Sensor Networks

Many wireless sensor network applications must resolve the inherent conflict between energy efficient communication and the need to achieve desired quality of service such as end-to-end communication delay. To address this challenge, we propose the real-time power-aware routing (RPAR) protocol, which achieves application-specified communication delays at low energy cost by dynamically adapting transmission power and routing decisions. RPAR features a power-aware forwarding policy and an efficient neighborhood manager that are optimized for resource-constrained wireless sensors. Moreover, RPAR addresses important practical issues in wireless sensor networks, including lossy links, scalability, and severe memory and bandwidth constraints. Simulations based on a realistic radio model of MICA2 motes show that RPAR significantly reduces the number of deadlines missed and energy consumption compared to existing real-time and energy-efficient routing protocols
Mechanisms of Lipid Accumulation in the Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptor Type 2 Mutant Right Ventricle.

RATIONALE In heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension with germline mutation in the bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 2 (BMPR2) gene, right ventricle (RV) dysfunction is associated with RV lipotoxicity; however, the underlying mechanism for lipid accumulation is not known. OBJECTIVES We hypothesized that lipid accumulation in cardiomyocytes with BMPR2 mutation occurs owing to alterations in lipid transport and impaired fatty acid oxidation (FAO), which is exacerbated by a high-lipid (Western) diet (WD). METHODS We used a transgenic mouse model of pulmonary arterial hypertension with mutant BMPR2 and generated a cardiomyocyte cell line with BMPR2 mutation. Electron microscopy and metabolomic analysis were performed on mouse RVs. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS By metabolomics analysis, we found an increase in long-chain fatty acids in BMPR2 mutant mouse RVs compared with controls, which correlated with cardiac index. BMPR2-mutant cardiomyocytes had increased lipid compared with controls. Direct measurement of FAO in the WD-fed BMPR2-mutant RV showed impaired palmitate-linked oxygen consumption, and metabolomics analysis showed reduced indices of FAO. Using both mutant BMPR2 mouse RVs and cardiomyocytes, we found an increase in the uptake of (14)C-palmitate and fatty acid transporter CD36 that was further exacerbated by WD. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our data suggest that impaired FAO and increased expression of the lipid transporter CD36 are key mechanisms underlying lipid deposition in the BMPR2-mutant RV, which are exacerbated in the presence of dietary lipids. These findings suggest important features leading to RV lipotoxicity in pulmonary arterial hypertension and may point to novel areas of therapeutic intervention.
The Third Generation (Umts) Spectrum Auction in Germany

The third generation UMTS auction in Germany raised an enormous amount of revenue, and at the same time achieved a more competitive market structure than other UMTS auctions in Europe. The present paper explains the design of that auction, and presents a game theoretic explanation of observed events during the crucial phase of that auction, which have puzzled several observers. In addition, the paper evaluates the merit of the German UMTS auction design, relative to the English design, that was predominantly employed in Europe.
Efficacy of Pulsed Electromagnetic Energy in Postoperative Recovery from Blepharoplasty

Background A novel medical device that has been approved by the Food and Drug Administration is available for treatment of postsurgical edema. The device emits a low‐level, pulsed electromagnetic energy field, which modulates resting cell membrane potential, allowing a return to physiologic resting membrane potential. Objective To investigate the benefits of electromagnetic energy in eyelid wound healing. Methods Fifty‐seven individuals participated in this randomized, double‐blinded study. All patients underwent upper blepharoplasty. At the postoperative visit, patients rated pain, edema, and ecchymosis, and the physician rated edema, ecchymosis, and erythema. Results There was no difference (p = .76) in patient pain rating when comparing placebo (1.6) with the patch (1.3). Patients reported 6% less edema (p = .11) and 10% less ecchymosis (p = .17) with the active patch eye than in control eye. The physician‐graded edema, ecchymosis, and erythema had a mean Likert‐type scale difference between placebo and active eyes of −0.3 (p = .12), −0.3 (p = .17), and −0.2 (p = .004) respectively. Conclusion The use of pulsed electromagnetic energy did not have an effect on postoperative pain, edema, or ecchymosis as rated by patients and physicians. There was a statistically significant reduction in physician‐graded erythema for active patch eyes versus placebo.
Two-Year Angiographic and Intravascular Ultrasound Follow-Up After Implantation of Sirolimus-Eluting Stents in Human Coronary Arteries

Background—The safety and efficacy of sirolimus-eluting stenting have been demonstrated, but the outcome of patients treated with this novel technology beyond the first year remains unknown. We sought to evaluate the angiographic, intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), and clinical outcomes of patients treated with sirolimus-eluting stents 2 years after implantation. Methods and Results—This study included 30 patients treated with sirolimus-eluting Bx Velocity stenting (slow release [SR], n=15, and fast release [FR], n=15) in São Paulo, Brazil. Twenty-eight patients underwent 2-year angiographic and IVUS follow-up. No deaths occurred during the study period. In-stent late loss was slightly greater in the FR group (0.28±0.4 mm) than in the SR group (−0.09±0.23 mm, P =0.007). No patient had in-stent restenosis. At 2-year follow-up, only 1 patient (FR group) had a 52% diameter stenosis within the lesion segment, which required repeat revascularization. The target-vessel revascularization rate for the entire cohort was 10% (3/30) at 2 years. All other patients had ≤35% diameter stenosis. Angiographic lumen loss at the stent edges was also minimal (in-lesion late loss was 0.33±0.42 mm [FR] and 0.13±0.29 mm [SR]). In-stent neointimal hyperplasia volume, as detected by IVUS, remained minimal after 2 years (FR= 9.90±9 mm3 and SR=10.35±9.3 mm3). Conclusions—This study demonstrates the safety and efficacy of sirolimus-eluting Bx Velocity stents 2 years after implantation in humans. In-stent lumen dimensions remained essentially unchanged at 2-year follow-up in the 2 groups, although angiographic lumen loss was slightly higher in the FR group. Restenosis “catch-up” was not found in our patient population.
Coadministered Antigen Follicular Helper Cell Responses to the Inflammation That Induces Th 2 Cell and T-Cyclodextrin Spikes Local β Hydroxypropyl

Cyclodextrins are commonly used as a safe excipient to enhance the solubility and bioavailability of hydrophobic pharmaceutical agents. Their efficacies and mechanisms as drug-delivery systems have been investigated for decades, but their immunological properties have not been examined. In this study, we reprofiled hydroxypropyl-b-cyclodextrin (HP-b-CD) as a vaccine adjuvant and found that it acts as a potent and unique adjuvant. HP-b-CD triggered the innate immune response at the injection site, was trapped by MARCO + macrophages, increased Ag uptake by dendritic cells, and facilitated the generation of T follicular helper cells in the draining lymph nodes. It significantly enhanced Ag-specific Th2 and IgG Ab responses as potently as did the conventional adjuvant, aluminum salt (alum), whereas its ability to induce Ag-specific IgE was less than that of alum. At the injection site, HP-b-CD induced the temporary release of host dsDNA, a damage-associated molecular pattern. DNase-treated mice, MyD88-deficient mice, and TBK1-deficient mice showed significantly reduced Ab responses after immunization with this adjuvant. Finally, we demonstrated that HP-b-CD–adjuvanted influenza hemagglutinin split vaccine protected against a lethal challenge with a clinically isolated pandemic H1N1 influenza virus, and the adjuvant effect of HP-b-CD was demonstrated in cynomolgus macaques. Our results suggest that HP-b-CD acts as a potent MyD88-and TBK1-dependent T follicular helper cell adjuvant and is readily applicable to various vaccines. T he term " adjuvant " has its origin in the Latin " adjuvare " meaning " to help, " because adjuvants enhance the effects of vaccines. Many substances can act as adjuvants, and their modes of action vary widely (1, 2). Recent studies showed that conventional adjuvants, such as alum, act via the " Ag-depot " mechanism, as well as induce multiple innate immune pathways, including the activation of inflammasomes, the production of PGE 2 , and the release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), such as DNA (3–5). In addition to enhancing the im-munogenicity of vaccines, adjuvants can be responsible for their adverse effects, including local swelling, systemic fever, and a theoretical risk for autoimmunity (6). Even alum and MF59, widely used adjuvants for human vaccines, induce local and systemic adverse effects (6–8). Therefore, the high safety profile of an designed and performed the murine influenza infectious model research and analyzed the data. The online version of this article contains supplemental material. adjuvant, based on scientific evidence, must be demonstrated before its application to clinical practice. One approach to identifying ideal adjuvants …
Direct anisotropic quad-dominant remeshing

We present an extension of the anisotropic polygonal remeshing technique developed by Alliez et al. (2003). Our algorithm does not rely on a global parameterization of the mesh and therefore is applicable to arbitrary genus surfaces. We show how to exploit the structure of the original mesh in order to perform efficiently the proximity queries required in the line integration phase, thus improving dramatically the scalability and the performance of the original algorithm. Finally, we propose a technique for producing conforming quad-dominant meshes in isotropic regions as well by propagating directional information from the anisotropic regions.
Therapeutic Modulation of Microbiota-Host Metabolic Interactions

Abnormal microbial-host metabolic interactions underlying disease provide new targets for therapeutic intervention. The complex metabolic relationships between the host and its microbiota change throughout life and vary extensively between individuals, affecting disease risk factors and therapeutic responses through drug metabolism. Elucidating the biochemical mechanisms underlying this human supraorganism symbiosis is yielding new therapeutic insights to improve human health, treat disease, and potentially modify human disease risk factors. Therapeutic options include targeting drugs to microbial genes or co-regulated host pathways and modifying the gut microbiota through diet, probiotic and prebiotic interventions, bariatric surgery, fecal transplants, or ecological engineering. The age-associated co-development of the host and its microbiota provides a series of windows for therapeutic intervention from early life through old age.
ZipNet-GAN: Inferring Fine-grained Mobile Traffic Patterns via a Generative Adversarial Neural Network

Large-scale mobile traffic analytics is becoming essential to digital infrastructure provisioning, public transportation, events planning, and other domains. Monitoring city-wide mobile traffic is however a complex and costly process that relies on dedicated probes. Some of these probes have limited precision or coverage, others gather tens of gigabytes of logs daily, which independently offer limited insights. Extracting fine-grained patterns involves expensive spatial aggregation of measurements, storage, and post-processing. In this paper, we propose a mobile traffic super-resolution technique that overcomes these problems by inferring narrowly localised traffic consumption from coarse measurements. We draw inspiration from image processing and design a deep-learning architecture tailored to mobile networking, which combines Zipper Network (ZipNet) and Generative Adversarial neural Network (GAN) models. This enables to uniquely capture spatio-temporal relations between traffic volume snapshots routinely monitored over broad coverage areas ('low-resolution') and the corresponding consumption at 0.05 km2 level ('high-resolution') usually obtained after intensive computation. Experiments we conduct with a real-world data set demonstrate that the proposed ZipNet(-GAN) infers traffic consumption with remarkable accuracy and up to 100X higher granularity as compared to standard probing, while outperforming existing data interpolation techniques. To our knowledge, this is the first time super-resolution concepts are applied to large-scale mobile traffic analysis and our solution is the first to infer fine-grained urban traffic patterns from coarse aggregates.
Confirmatory Factor Analysis of the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale in Patients With Alzheimer's Disease

Recent factor analyses of the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (DRS ; S. Mattis, 1973) have questioned the validity of its subscales, raising questions regarding their interpretation. This study examined the measurement structure of the standard DRS and of an abbreviated DRS form in a homogenous sample of 171 patients with Alzheimer's disease using (a) confirmatory factor analysis and 16 ) correlation of factors identified in the best fitting model with supplementary neuropsychological tests. We found confirmation of the validity of the Construction, Conceptualization, and Memory subscales associated with both the standard and abbreviated DRS. Correlations between these factors and supplementary neuropsychological measures supported the validity of the identified factors. The variability in DRS factor composition reported in previous studies appears to be related to sample heterogeneity, which is critically important to the resulting factor structure.
Sound chat: Implementation of sound awareness elements for visually impaired users in web-based cooperative systems

This article discusses the implementation of accessibility features for visually impaired people in web-based synchronous and cooperative systems. Based on the sociocultural scenario of affirmation of difference and cooperation contexts established by Web 2.0, we discuss the application of sound awareness elements in Groupware tools through Auditory Icons, Earcons, synthesized speech in a web-based chat system. It is a qualitative, experimental study with internal data validation and an exploratory goal. Data collection and analysis were conducted through protocols applied with real users. The results of the experiments showed satisfactory adherence of those technologies in building sound awareness elements focused on participants using screen readers as user agents.