Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mechanisms of phase transitions in a hexagonal model with 1q and 3q incommensurate phases.

A hexagonal three-dimensional model of particles with displacive degrees of freedom and interacting via a potential energy with harmonic and anharmonic third- and fourth-order terms has been studied by the molecular-dynamics technique. The phase diagram of the model exhibits normal, k=0 commensurate, one-dimensional (1q) and three-dimensional (3q) incommensurate phases. The 3q phase can be visualized as a sequence of columns, oriented along the unique hexagonal axis. The columns, in turn, form a hexagonal discommensuration lattice. At higher temperature the 3q incommensurate phase is more stable than the 1q phase
Lim Mineralization Protein 3 Induces the Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Amniotic Fluid Stromal Cells through Kruppel-Like Factor-4 Downregulation and Further Bone-Specific Gene Expression

Multipotent mesenchymal stem cells with extensive self-renewal properties can be easily isolated and rapidly expanded in culture from small volumes of amniotic fluid. These cells, namely, amniotic fluid-stromal cells (AFSCs), can be regarded as an attractive source for tissue engineering purposes, being phenotypically and genetically stable, plus overcoming all the safety and ethical issues related to the use of embryonic/fetal cells. LMP3 is a novel osteoinductive molecule acting upstream to the main osteogenic pathways. This study is aimed at delineating the basic molecular events underlying LMP3-induced osteogenesis, using AFSCs as a cellular model to focus on the molecular features underlying the multipotency/differentiation switch. For this purpose, AFSCs were isolated and characterized in vitro and transfected with a defective adenoviral vector expressing the human LMP3. LMP3 induced the successful osteogenic differentiation of AFSC by inducing the expression of osteogenic markers and osteospecific transcription factors. Moreover, LMP3 induced an early repression of the kruppel-like factor-4, implicated in MSC stemness maintenance. KLF4 repression was released upon LMP3 silencing, indicating that this event could be reasonably considered among the basic molecular events that govern the proliferation/differentiation switch during LMP3-induced osteogenic differentiation of AFSC.
Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Cardiometabolic Health in Adolescent Offspring

An accumulating body of evidence suggests that offspring of mothers with preeclampsia have higher blood pressure during childhood and young adulthood compared with women without preeclampsia. However, the evidence with regard to offspring glucose metabolism and lipids is more scant. We examined whether maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (preeclampsia and gestational hypertension) are associated with a range of cardiometabolic health measures in adolescent offspring. We included data for mother–offspring pairs from a United Kingdom prospective birth cohort (the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children). Repeat antenatal clinic measures of blood pressure and proteinuria (median 14 and 11, respectively) were used to ascertain maternal preeclampsia (n=53) and gestational hypertension (n=431). Offspring had blood pressure (n=4438), and fasting lipids, insulin, and glucose (n=2888) measured at a mean age of 17 years. There was no strong evidence of differences in fasting insulin, glucose, or lipid concentrations. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were higher in offspring of mothers with gestational hypertension (mean difference, 2.06 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, 1.28–2.84 and 1.11 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, 0.54–1.69, respectively) and preeclampsia (1.12 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, −0.89–3.12 and 1.71 mm Hg; 95% confidence interval, 0.23–3.17, respectively) compared with offspring of mothers without hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, adjusting for potential confounders (age, sex, maternal age at delivery, household social class, prepregnancy body mass index, parity, and smoking in pregnancy). Results suggest a specific association between maternal hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and offspring blood pressure that may be driven by genetics or familial nongenetic risk factors particular to blood pressure.
A Three-Dimensional Model for Counseling Racial/Ethnic Minorities

The counseling profession' heavy reliance on the psychotherapy role has been criticized as being unresponsive to the needs and experiences of ethnic-minority clients. The use of other counseling roles and techniques indigenous to the client's ancestral culture have been proposed as alternatives to psychotherapy; however, no schema currently exists to help counselors select an appropriate helping role or strategy. This article describes one schema that is based on the variables of locus of problem etiology, level of acculturation, and goals of counseling. Limitations of the current model and the need to develop other selection schemata are discussed.
Security and Crime Prevention in Academic Libraries: A Case Study of the Kano State College of Education, Kano, Nigeria

The security and prevention of crimes in academic libraries have always been major concerns to the librarians of these libraries. Attempts of many authors to suggest solutions to these disturbing issues have not yielded the required solution. In this research work, the researcher looked into a case study of an institution, which is making frantic efforts to fight theft, mutilation, vandalism and defacement of its information materials. This research work discovered that poverty, carelessness and selfishness among the patrons of the Kano State College of Education Library are major causes of crimes in the library, while poor funding, inadequate staffing and lack of vigilance on the part of the staff are responsible for some of the crimes committed in the library. The recommendations of this research work include a more intensive user education, increase in the finding and training and retraining of the staff of the library, will go a long way to reducing crimes and insecurity of information material in the Kano State College of Education Library.
HC-Pro Suppression of Transgene Silencing Eliminates the Small RNAs but Not Transgene Methylation or the Mobile Signal

Post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS) is a sequence-specific RNA degradation mechanism that is widespread in eukaryotic organisms. It is often associated with methylation of the transcribed region of the silenced gene and with accumulation of small RNAs (21 to 25 nucleotides) homologous to the silenced gene. In plants, PTGS can be triggered locally and then spread throughout the organism via a mobile signal that can cross a graft junction. Previously, we showed that the helper component–proteinase (HC-Pro) of plant potyviruses suppresses PTGS. Here, we report that plants in which PTGS has been suppressed by HC-Pro fail to accumulate the small RNAs associated with silencing. However, the transgene locus of these plants remains methylated. Grafting experiments indicate that HC-Pro prevents the plant from responding to the mobile silencing signal but does not eliminate its ability to produce or send the signal. These results demonstrate that HC-Pro functions downstream of transgene methylation and the mobile signal at a step preceding accumulation of the small RNAs.
BREAKING BOUNDARIES

This paper reconceptualises the role of the small “local” newspaper in a new media environment and argues that definitions and concepts currently used to describe and define such publications are becoming increasingly problematic as newspapers shift into both print and online formats. The paper highlights the continued importance of geography for such newspapers at a time when there is wide academic debate on the relevance of territory and boundaries and the impact of time–space compression in a new media world. It argues, however, that a focus on a newspaper’s geographic connection must also acknowledge the increasing boundlessness and openness of the social space in which a newspaper operates. Ultimately this paper suggests the concept of “geo-social” news may be a more appropriate framework for scholars to consider such publications. I draw on the work of geography scholars, and discussions around “space” and “place” to construct the notion of “geo-social” news, highlighting some exemplars of small commercial newsroom practices in Australia, the United Kingdom and Canada and discussions with newspaper editors in Australia to demonstrate the relevance of the “geo-social” concept.
Television News and Political Socialization

wide range of behavior from watching television, little research attention has focused on the role of TV in political socialization. Both entertainment and informational programing can have important consequences for the child's development of cognitive and affective orientations toward political actors, issues, and institutions.1 Televised news presentations provide the most likely source of politically relevant stimuli, and this study examines the impact of national newscasts on child audiences. The early evening adult-oriented news programs are shown at a time when most children are near the television set. Although the content is aimed well above the elementary school level of comprehension, young preadolescents might watch and learn from these newscasts. Furthermore, the CBS network has developed a new concept in news presentation: specially designed spot news broadcasts for child audiences. These innovative "In the News" programs are displayed for two
The diffusion of language change in real time: Progressive and conservative individuals and the time depth of change

Abstract A major issue in the study of language change is the degree to which individual speakers participate in ongoing linguistic changes as these progress over time. In this study, we examine the hypothesis, suggested by research based on the apparent-time model, that in any given period most people are neither progressive nor conservative with regard to ongoing changes, but rather fall between these polarities. Our data come from the Corpus of Early English Correspondence, which spans over 270 years. A computational model was developed to establish which language users were progressive and which conservative with respect to several ongoing changes that progressed in real time between the early 15th and late 17th centuries. The changes studied ranged from morpheme replacements to more abstract structural patterns. Our results indicate that the degree to which language users participated in changes in progress depended on the type of language change analyzed, the stage of development of the change, and the rate of diffusion of the process over time. The model also enabled the identification of groups of leaders of linguistic change in Tudor and Stuart England.
Best coaching practices for developing team captains

To gain an in depth understanding of the youth leadership development process in sport, qualitative interviews were conducted with high school coaches (6 males; 4 females) known for cultivating leadership in their captains. Hierarchical content analyses revealed that all of the coaches reported proactive approaches toward teaching leadership through sport. However, based on the principles noted in the positive youth development literature, these coaches could do more to enhance their leadership development practices (e.g., empowering captains by more often involving them in important decision-making). Leadership philosophies, specific leadership training strategies, as well as the biggest challenges and mistakes when working with their captains are reported. Directions for future research and structuring captain training programs are discussed. Leadership has been defined as “a process whereby an individual influences a group of individuals to achieve a common goal” (Northouse, 2010, p. 3). This construct has intrigued scholars from a diverse range of disciplines including youth development, business, and the military with literally thousands of studies having been published in the scientific literature. Professionals in the field of sport psychology in particular have been interested in
Organizational Identification: A Conceptual and Operational Review

There is a growing body of literature presenting the argument that processes of organizational identification (OI) are extremely important in helping to ensure that staff work towards the interests of the organization. There are, however, a number of problems with the way that the notion of OI has been conceptualized and operationalized in the extant literature. This paper examines how OI has been defined and measured over a number of decades. A number of problems are identified with how OI has been conceptualized by researchers, including, for example, issues about whether there is an affective element to identification and how the construct relates to organizational commitment. The paper also includes a review of previous approaches to measuring the concept of OI and raises some key problems with existing research tools. The paper concludes by arguing for a particular conceptualization of OI which helps to clarify the complex relationship between identification and organizational commitment, while at the same time accommodating previous definitions of the construct.
Schizosaccharomyces pombe Adenylate Cyclase Suppressor Mutations Suggest a Role for cAMP Phosphodiesterase Regulation in Feedback Control of Glucose/cAMP Signaling

Mutations affecting the Schizosaccharomyces pombe cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) gene cgs2+ were identified in a screen for suppressors of mutant alleles of the adenylate cyclase gene (git2+/cyr1+), which encode catalytically active forms of the enzyme that cannot be stimulated by extracellular glucose signaling. These mutations suppress both the git2− mutant alleles used in the suppressor selection and mutations in git1+, git3+, git5+, git7+, git10+, and git11+, which are all required for adenylate cyclase activation. Notably, these cgs2 mutant alleles fail to suppress mutations in gpa2+, which encodes the Gα subunit of a heterotrimeric G protein required for adenylate cyclase activation, although the previously identified cgs2-2 allele does suppress loss of gpa2+. Further analysis of the cgs2-s1 allele reveals a synthetic interaction with the gpa2R176H-activated allele, with respect to derepression of fbp1-lacZ transcription in glucose-starved cells. In addition, direct measurements of cAMP levels show that cgs2-s1 cells maintain normal basal cAMP levels, but are severely defective in feedback regulation upon glucose detection. These results suggest that PDE activity in S. pombe may be coordinately regulated with adenylate cyclase activity as part of the feedback regulation mechanism to limit the cAMP response to glucose detection.
Development of genus‐specific primers for better understanding the diversity and population structure of Sphingomonas in soils

Genus Sphingomonas has received increasing attentions due to its somewhat unique metabolic versatilities in the contaminated environment. However, due to the lack of genus‐specific primers, the ecological significance of Sphingomonas in polluted soils has been rarely documented by 16S rDNA finger‐printing methods. In this study, three genus‐specific primer sets targeted at the 16S rRNA gene of Sphingomonas were developed and their specificities were tested with four contaminated soils from Shenfu petroleum‐wastewater irrigation zone by constructing clone libraries, amplified ribosomal DNA restriction analysis (ARDRA) and sequencing the represented ARDRA patterns. Meanwhile, the newly designed primer sets and a previously reported primer set were compared, and the results showed that the newly developed primer set SA/429f‐933r could detect a larger spectrum (90%) of Sphingomonas strains with higher specificity. Despite the superiority of primer set SA/429f‐933r in specifically detecting Sphingomonas from contaminated soils, we cannot blink the fact that different primer sets preferentially amplified different dominant species. Therefore, two or more primer sets are recommended for evaluating the diversity and population structure of genus Sphingomonas. Additionally, a proportion (9.7%) of the cloned sequences discovered in this study were different from known Sphingomonas sequences, suggesting that new Sphingomonas sequences might present in soils from Shenfu irrigation zone.
Team Sports Players' Observed Aggresion as a Function of Gender, Competitive Level, and Sport Type

This study aims at examining observed aggression in team sports as a function of gender, competitive level, and sport type. It was hypothesized that (a) male players display more aggressive behaviors than female players, (b) aggressive behaviors increase when competitive level rises, and (c) gender difference in observed aggression is depending on sport type. One hundred and eighty games, equally shared among males and females, soccer and handball, and departmental, regional, and national competitive levels were recorded on videotapes and observed using a grid to differ instrumental from hostile aggressive behaviors. The results revealed that male players always display more aggressive behaviors than female players, whatever the sport, the competitive level or the nature of the observed aggression; instrumental aggressive behaviors increase and hostile aggressive behaviors decrease when competitive level rises; and the gender difference appears larger in handball than in soccer.
Autonomous T cell trafficking examined in vivo with intravital two-photon microscopy

The recirculation of T cells between the blood and secondary lymphoid organs requires that T cells are motile and sensitive to tissue-specific signals. T cell motility has been studied in vitro, but the migratory behavior of individual T cells in vivo has remained enigmatic. Here, using intravital two-photon laser microscopy, we imaged the locomotion and trafficking of naïve CD4+ T cells in the inguinal lymph nodes of anesthetized mice. Intravital recordings deep within the lymph node showed T cells flowing rapidly in the microvasculature and captured individual homing events. Within the diffuse cortex, T cells displayed robust motility with an average velocity of ≈11 μm⋅min−1. T cells cycled between states of low and high motility roughly every 2 min, achieving peak velocities >25 μm⋅min−1. An analysis of T cell migration in 3D space revealed a default trafficking program analogous to a random walk. Our results show that naïve T cells do not migrate collectively, as they might under the direction of pervasive chemokine gradients. Instead, they appear to migrate as autonomous agents, each cell taking an independent trafficking path. Our results call into question the role of chemokine gradients for basal T cell trafficking within T cell areas and suggest that antigen detection may result from a stochastic process through which a random walk facilitates contact with antigen-presenting dendritic cells.
Clinical evaluation of a new pupil independent diffractive multifocal intraocular lens with a +2.75 D near addition: a European multicentre study

Purpose To evaluate the clinical outcomes after cataract surgery with implantation of a new diffractive multifocal intraocular lens (IOL) with a lower near addition (+2.75 D.). Methods 143 eyes of 85 patients aged between 40 years and 83 years that underwent cataract surgery with implantation of the multifocal IOL (MIOL) Tecnis ZKB00 (Abbott Medical Optics,Santa Ana, California, USA) were evaluated. Changes in uncorrected (uncorrected distance visual acuity, uncorrected intermediate visual acuity, uncorrected near visual acuity) and corrected (corrected distance visual acuity, corrected near visual acuity) logMAR distance, intermediate visual acuity and near visual acuity, as well as manifest refraction were evaluated during a 3-month follow-up. Additionally, patients were asked about photic phenomena and spectacle dependence. Results Postoperative spherical equivalent was within ±0.50 D and ±1.00 D of emmetropia in 78.1% and 98.4% of eyes, respectively. Postoperative mean monocular uncorrected distance visual acuity, uncorrected near visual acuity and uncorrected intermediate visual acuity was 0.20 LogMAR or better in 73.7%, 81.1% and 83.9% of eyes, respectively. All eyes achieved monocular corrected distance visual acuity of 0.30 LogMAR or better. A total of 100% of patients referred to be at least moderately happy with the outcomes of the surgery. Only 15.3% of patients required the use of spectacles for some daily activities postoperatively. Conclusions The introduction of low add MIOLs follows a trend to increase intermediate visual acuity. In this study a near add of +2.75 D still reaches satisfying near results and leads to high patient satisfaction for intermediate visual acuity.
Correlation between methylphenidate and ritalinic acid concentrations in oral fluid and plasma.

BACKGROUND We studied the excretion profile of methylphenidate (MPH) and its metabolite ritalinic acid (RA) in oral fluid and plasma, the oral fluid-to-plasma (OF/P) drug ratio, and the variations of oral fluid pH after drug administration. METHODS We analyzed oral fluid and plasma samples, obtained from 8 healthy volunteers after ingestion of a single dose of 20 mg fast-release or extended-release MPH, for MPH and RA by LC-MS. We estimated the apparent pharmacokinetic parameters of MPH in plasma and oral fluid and calculated the OF/P ratio for each time interval. RESULTS MPH and RA were detected in oral fluid. Whereas parent drug concentrations in oral fluid were an order of magnitude higher than those in plasma, the opposite was observed for RA. Oral fluid concentrations of MPH ranged between 0.5 and 466.7 microg/L and peaked at 0.5 h after administration of the fast-release formulation; they ranged between 0.7 and 89.5 microg/L and peaked at 2 h after administration of the extended-release formulation. Both formulations presented bimodal time-course curves for the OF/P ratio, ranging between 1.8 and 242.1 for the fast-release formulation and between 2.6 and 27.0 for extended-release. Oral fluid pH did not appear to be modified by the administration of the drug, and its influence on OF/P ratio did not affect the correlation of MPH between the 2 body fluids. CONCLUSIONS The results obtained support the measurement of MPH in oral fluid as an alternative to plasma if the extended-release formulation is used.
Social skills and problem-solving training for children with early-onset conduct problems: who benefits?

Families of 99 children with early-onset conduct problems, aged 4-8 years, were randomly assigned to a child training treatment group (CT) utilizing the Incredible Years Dinosaur Social Skills and Problem Solving Curriculum or a waiting-list control group (CON). Post-treatment CT children had significantly fewer externalizing problems at home, less aggression at school, more prosocial behavior with peers, and more positive conflict management strategies than CON children. Significantly more CT than CON children showed clinically significantly improvements on reports and independent observations of aggressive and noncompliant behavior. The differential treatment response was evaluated according to child comorbidity with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), parenting discipline practices. and family risk factors. The only risk factor related to failure to make improvements in child conduct problems after treatment was negative parenting (i.e., maternal critical statements and physical force). The long-term follow-up 1 year later indicated that most of the significant post-treatment changes were maintained.