Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale: Factor structure and psychometric properties in older adolescents and young adults with autism spectrum disorder

Despite the high frequency of anxiety and depression symptoms in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and a significant impact of these comorbidities on both individuals with ASD and their families, research on the validity of anxiety and depression measures in the ASD population is currently lacking. The aim of this study was to explore the psychometric properties of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale [HADS; Zigmond & Snaith, ] in a sample of older adolescents and young adults with ASD. One hundred and fifty one participants (UK Transition longitudinal study: N = 106; 75 males, Mage = 16.04 years, SD = 1.28; Longitudinal Study of Australian Schools Leavers with ASD: N = 45, 30 males; Mage = 18.35 years, SD = 2.55) completed the HADS and a range of mental health and well‐being measures. Combination of the Principal Component Analysis and Parallel Analysis indicated two factors as an optimal solution in our sample, accounting for 43.77% of variance with factors being identical in terms of content with the structure found in the general population. Internal consistency was good for the HADS anxiety scale (HADS‐A; .82–.84) and acceptable for the HADS depression scale (HADS‐D; .60–.72). Convergent validity of both HADS‐A and HADS‐D scales was excellent and divergent validity was acceptable. Our study represents a significant contribution to the literature by providing an initial validation of the HADS in older adolescents and younger adults with ASD. Autism Res 2018, 11: 258–269. © 2017 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Effect of telehealth interventions on major cardiovascular outcomes: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Background Telehealth interventions (THI) were associated with lower levels of cardiovascular risk factors in adults, whereas the effect of THI on cardiovascular disease (CVD) still remains controversial. A meta-analysis was conducted to summarize the evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCT) which investigated potential impact of THI on the incidence of CVD in patients with or without prior CVD. Methods PubMed, EmBase, and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify RCTs to fit our analysis through December 2016. Relative risk (RR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to measure the effect of THI using a random-effect model. Sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis, heterogeneity tests, and tests for publication bias were also conducted. Results Eight RCTs were included and with a total of 1635 individuals. The summarized results indicated that participants who received THI showed a significant reduction of the CVD incidence as compared with usual care (RR: 0.59; 95% CI: 0.47–0.74; P < 0.001). Furthermore, the effect of THI was greater in patients with history of CVD (RR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.44–0.70; P < 0.001) than in patients without history of CVD (RR: 0.99; 95% CI: 0.51–1.94; P = 0.977). Sensitivity analysis suggested that the intervention effect persisted and the conclusion was not changed. Subgroup analysis indicated mean age, study quality might play an important role on the risk of CVD. Conclusions The findings of this study indicated THI could reduce the recurrence of CVD. Further large-scale trials are needed to verify the effect of THI on CVD in healthy individuals.
Elementary NGD IIR / FIR Systems

This paper deals with the synthesis and design of impulse response digital systems exhibiting negative group delay (NGD). It is demonstrated that under certain condition, certain first order FIR and IIR systems can provide the NGD function. Synthesis methods of NGD FIR/IIR transfer functions are introduced. Then, the basic properties specific to the NGD digital functions are established. To validate the theory proposed, NGD FIR and IIR systems were synthesized and implemented with Matlab. As expected, group delay frequency responses with NGD in baseband frequency well-correlated to the theoretic hypothesis were found. Then, thanks to the NGD effect, arbitrary form discrete transient signals with limited bandwidth propagating in time advance were demonstrated in time-domain. It is proved that this counterintuitive function does not forbid the causality principle and the NGD numerical system respects the functioning condition of the classical digital system. The NGD principle presented is potentially useful for the group delay correction processes and the signal pure delay reduction.
Thermal stresses in axially connected circular cylinders

Abstract Experimental and theoretical investigations are reported concerning the stresses and deflections which occur in a composite cylinder due to a uniform rise in temperature. The composite cylinder consists of two solid circular cylinders, made of dissimilar materials but having the same diameter, which are stuck together so that their axes coincide. The interface between the two cylinders is a plane prependicular to their axes, and the lengths of both parts of the composite cylinder can vary. The composite cylinder is assumed to be free of stress initially. Theoretical results have been obtained by use of infinite-difference approximations to the governing equations and an iterative technique involving successive over-relaxation. These have been compared with experimental results obtained by a special application of the frozen-stress technique of photoelasticity.
Signaling through hepatocyte vasopressin receptor 1 protects mouse liver from ischemia-reperfusion injury

Terlipressin has been used extensively in the management of certain complications associated with end-stage liver diseases (ESLDs). In our pilot study, terlipressin treatment showed beneficial effects on liver function in patients with decompensated cirrhosis, however whether it plays a role in liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) remains unknown. Using a mouse nonlethal hepatic IR model, we found terlipressin administration significantly ameliorated IR-induced liver apoptosis, necrosis and inflammation. Furthermore, despite its known effect on visceral vasoconstriction, hemodynamic evaluation of murine hepatic tissue after IR revealed no change of overall hepatic blood flow after terlipressin treatment. Further studies identified the upregulation of vasopressin receptor 1 (V1R) expression on hepatocytes upon IR. In isolated hepatocyte hypoxia/reoxygenation model, the active component of terlipressin, lysine vasopressin, conferred hepatocytes resistant to oxidative stress-induced apoptosis. Mechanistic studies revealed the V1R engagement activated the Wnt/β-catenin/FoxO3a/AKT pathway, which subsequently circumvented the proapoptotic events, thus ameliorated hepatocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, genetic knockdown of V1R expression in hepatocyte cell lines or blockade of this signaling pathway abrogated such protective effect. Conclusion: These data highlight the functional importance of the hepatocyte V1R/Wnt/β-catenin/FoxO3a/AKT pathway in protecting liver from oxidative stress-induced injury.
SIP 1 predicts progression and poor prognosis in pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

transition (EMT) is a crucial process in tumorigenesis that enables tumor cells to invade and metastasize. The transcription factors SIP1, SLUG, ZEB1, SNAI1, and TWIST are fundamental in regulating EMT. We investigated the relationships between several clinicopathological variables, prognosis, and SIP1, SLUG, or ZEB1 in a retrospective pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) cohort. Study Design: Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate the expression of SIP1, SLUG, and ZEB1 in 108 tumor samples from a retrospective cohort of patients with PSCC. Results: Tumors with positive epithelial SIP1 immunostaining were more advanced (SIII-IV, p=0.02) and had more lymph node metastases (p=0.04) than SIP1-negative tumors. Tumors with positive stromal staining of SIP1 relapsed more often than SIP1-negative tumors (p=0.007). Negative SIP1 immunoreactivity correlated significantly with better disease-specific survival (DSS) and better overall survival (OS) (p=0.012 and p=0.003 for epithelial reactivity, p=0.018 and p=0.003 for stromal reactivity, respectively). Lack of epithelial SIP1 expression remained an independent and favorable prognostic factor in a Cox proportional hazards model (p=0.046), together with high Karnofsky performance status score and low T class (p<0.001 for both). Co-expression of SNAI1, TWIST, and SIP1 in tumor epithelium predicted even shorter DSS than SIP1 expression alone (p<0.001) in the present study cohort. Conclusions: SIP1 is related to cancer progression and appears to be an independent prognostic factor in PSCC.
Doping Dependent Assessment of Accumulation Mode and Junctionless FET for 1T DRAM

This paper demonstrates the use of double-gate accumulation mode (AM) and junctionless (JL) transistors for dynamic memory applications at 85 °C. The doping dependent assessments of AM and JL devices include an analysis of storage volume, carrier lifetime, and depth of potential well to determine characteristics of Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM). This paper shows significant impact of carrier lifetime for channel doping <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$({N}_{\text{d}}) \le 10^{ {18}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm<sup>−3</sup> on Retention Time (RT), while the depth of potential well is more critical at higher doping (>10<sup>18</sup> cm<sup>−3</sup>). RT of ~2.5 s at 85 °C and ~4.5 s at 27 °C is achieved for gate length (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${L}_{\text{g}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) of 400 nm with <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${N}_{\text{d}} = 10^{{17}}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> cm<sup>−3</sup> which reduces to ~90 ms at 85 °C for <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${L}_{\text{g}} = 25$ </tex-math></inline-formula> nm. This paper discusses the storage volume (<inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${L}_{\text{g}} \times \text {film}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> thickness for a fixed volume with width of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$1~ {\mu }\text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>) optimization to attain maximum retention. Insights and guidelines, as a function of doping and device dimensions, are outlined for dynamic memory applications.
Rare Disasters and Asset Markets in the Twentieth Century

The potential for rare economic disasters explains a lot of asset-pricing puzzles. I calibrate disaster probabilities from the twentieth century global history, especially the sharp contractions associated with World War I, the Great Depression, and World War II. The puzzles that can be explained include the high equity premium, low risk-free rate, and volatile stock returns. Another mystery that may be resolved is why expected real interest rates were low in the United States during major wars, such as World War II. The model, an extension of work by Rietz, maintains the tractable framework of a representative agent, time-additive and isoelastic preferences, and complete markets. The results hold with i.i. d. shocks to productivity growth in a Lucas-tree type economy and also with the inclusion of capital formation.
Protective Role of BST2 Polymorphisms in Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV-1 and Adult AIDS Progression

Abstract:Bone marrow stromal cell antigen-2 (BST-2)/Tetherin is a restriction factor that prevents Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) release from infected cells and mediates pro-inflammatory cytokine production. This study investigated the risk conferred by single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs919266, rs9192677, and rs9576) at BST-2 coding gene (BST2) in HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission and in disease progression. Initially, 101 HIV-1+ pregnant women and 331 neonates exposed to HIV-1 from Zambia were enrolled. Additional BST2 single nucleotide polymorphism analyses were performed in 2 cohorts with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) progression: an adult Brazilian cohort (37 rapid, 30 chronic and 21 long-term non-progressors) and an Italian pediatric cohort (21 rapid and 67 slow progressors). The rs9576A allele was nominally associated with protection during breastfeeding (P = 0.019) and individuals carrying rs919266 GA showed slower progression to AIDS (P = 0.033). Despite the influence of rs919266 and rs9576 on BST2 expression being still undetermined, a preventive role by BST2 polymorphisms was found during HIV-1 infection.
Comparing the Hairiness of Solospun and Ring Spun Worsted Yarns

This paper compares the hairiness of Solospun yarns with conventional ring spun worsted yams of the same specifications. A 24-spindles worsted ring spinning frame is used to spin the Solospun and conventional ring spun yarns at the same time, and yarn hairiness is measured. The total hairiness number (Tp ), the number of hairs longer than or equal to 3mm (S3 ), the percentage of longer hairs in total hairs (100S 3/Tp ), and the total hair length per unit yarn length (K' ) are used to compare the hairiness of these yams. The results indicate that the Solospun yarn exhibits less hairiness in each of the hair length groups and has lower variations in yarn hairiness. The hair-length distribution of the Solospun yarn follows an exponential law just like conventional ring spun yams. There is a statistically significant difference between the Solospun and conventional ring spun yams for T p, S 3, and K', but the difference in 1 00S 3 /Tp is not statistically significant for these yams. In addition, the Tp, S 3, and K' values of the Solospun yarn decrease with twist increase and increase with spindle speed increase, but the 100S 3/T p values of the Solospun and conventional ring spun yarns in this study behave differently in that they are affected by twist level and spindle speed.
Constraint expressions and workflow satisfiability

A workflow specification defines a set of steps and the order in which those steps must be executed. Security requirements and business rules may impose constraints on which users are permitted to perform those steps. A workflow specification is said to be satisfiable if there exists an assignment of authorized users to workflow steps that satisfies all the constraints. An algorithm for determining whether such an assignment exists is important, both as a static analysis tool for workflow specifications, and for the construction of run-time reference monitors for workflow management systems. We develop new methods for determining workflow satisfiability based on the concept of constraint expressions, which were introduced recently by Khan and Fong. These methods are surprising versatile, enabling us to develop algorithms for, and determine the complexity of, a number of different problems related to workflow satisfiability.
Bilateral cavitary multidrug- or extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis: role of surgery†

OBJECTIVES Cavitary disease and bilateral lesions are among the risk factors for poor outcome of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). Our aim was to explore the value and limits of surgery in patients with advanced TB. METHODS A retrospective study of 57 consecutive patients who underwent thoracic surgery for culture-positive bilateral cavitary pulmonary TB was performed. Forty-four (77.2%) patients were men and 13 (22.8%) patients were women; their ages were in the range of 18-61 years. Twenty-two (38.6%) patients had multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB and 35 (61.4%) patients had extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB confirmed with cultures. On admission, 49 (86.0%) patients had sputum smear microscopy positive for acid-fast bacilli. The main indication for surgery was treatment failure manifested as contagious persisting cavities despite best available therapy. The surgical procedures included combinations of pulmonary resections of different levels, selective thoracoplasties and/or endobronchial valve treatment. The operations were performed consecutively, starting with the most affected side. TB therapy preceded the operation for a minimum of 6 months and was continued after the operation on the basis of the patient's susceptibility to drugs for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. RESULTS We performed 121 operations: 42 in 22 patients with MDR TB (1.9 operations per patient) and 79 procedures in 35 patients with XDR TB (2.3 operations per patient). No deaths occurred in the 1st year. Two late deaths followed, 1 unrelated to and 1 due to TB progression. Ten major complications (1 complication per patient) developed: main bronchus stump fistula (n = 4), prolonged air leak (n = 3), respiratory failure (n = 2) and wound seroma (n = 1). At the 1-month follow-up visit, sputum smear conversion was observed in 11 (68.8%) patients with MDR and in 15 (45.5%) patients with XDR TB. At the late (20-36 months) follow-up visit, culture negativity was achieved in 21 (95.5%) patients with MDR TB and in 23 (65.7%) patients with XDR TB (P = 0.015). CONCLUSIONS Thoracic surgery may significantly improve patients' outcomes and even result in a cure in a good portion of patients with bilateral cavitary MDR and XDR TB and should be considered as the essential element of multimodality treatment for MDR and XDR TB, even in patients with bilateral cavitary disease and borderline respiratory reserves.
Thank goodness it’s Friday: weekly pattern of workplace incivility

ABSTRACT Background and objectives: Recent research has shown day-level differences in an individual’s experience of uncivil behavior; however, it is unknown if that experience follows a consistent weekly change pattern. This study extends incivility theory and research by applying latent growth curve (LGC) modeling to diary study data to understand day-to-day changes in incivility. Design: The authors took a theory-driven approach, reviewing both mood and recovery theory that would support a decrease in incivility over the working week. Methods: Diary survey methodology was used, with a morning and evening survey completed on five consecutive workdays by 171 (73% of the 235 who initially volunteered, 95% of those who completed any surveys) employees in the legal industry. LGC analysis was used to identify patterns of experienced incivility, mood (both measured after work), and recovery (assessed the following morning). Results: Regardless of job demands and gender, a weekly pattern was identified with the likelihood of experiencing incivility (coded as 0 = none, 1 = some) decreasing from Monday to Friday by . 78 each day (p < .001) in a relatively linear fashion with a slope factor of . 34 (SE = 0.23; p > .05), indicating invariance between individuals. This weekly pattern was not explained by changes in mood or recovery. Conclusions: Results emphasize the impact of contextual factors such as time on workplace incivility and the need to consider weekly rhythms of other behaviors that are likely to affect employee well-being and productivity. Although limited to one week of data per person, the findings are likely to be relevant to studies of other forms of interpersonal mistreatment, such as social undermining and interpersonal conflict.
Emergency Department Use by Community-Dwelling Individuals With Dementia in the United States: An Integrative Review.

As part of the National Plan to Address Alzheimer's Disease, reducing potentially avoidable emergency department (ED) use by individuals with dementia has been identified as a component of enhancing the quality and efficiency of care for this population. To help inform the development of interventions to achieve this goal, an integrative review was conducted to: (a) compare rates and reasons for ED visits by community-dwelling individuals with and without dementia, considering also the effect of dementia subtype and severity; and (b) identify other risk factors for increased ED use among community-dwelling individuals with dementia. Nineteen articles met inclusion criteria. Individuals with dementia had higher rates of ED visits compared to those without dementia, although differences were attenuated in the last year of life. Increased symptoms and disability were associated with increased rates of ED visits, whereas resources that enabled effective management of increased need decreased rates. Gerontological nurses across settings are on the frontlines of preventing potentially avoidable ED visits by community-dwelling individuals with dementia through patient and family education and leadership in the development of new models of care. [Journal of Gerontological Nursing, 44(3), 23-30. ].
Features of lineage‐specific hematopoietic metabolism revealed by mitochondrial proteomics

Hematopoietic bone marrow is a regenerative tissue of high clinical relevance, yet relatively little is known about the metabolism of the stem and progenitor populations concerned. We have used a multipotent murine cell line to generate sufficient numbers of cells undergoing self‐renewal, erythroid or myeloid differentiation to allow a proteomics analysis of enriched mitochondria. Stringent analysis identified 37 mitochondria‐associated proteins changing on differentiation in this system. Those induced during differentiation were commonly associated with mature cell functions, while those inactivated upon differentiation indicate widespread changes in mitochondrial transport, fatty acid catabolism and oxidative phosphorylation. An erythroid specific reduction in glutamate pyruvate amino transferase 2 was confirmed at the protein level by Western blotting and at the functional level by assays of metabolite turnover. In addition to validating the dataset, these findings suggest significant differences in the core‐metabolism between erythropoiesis and myelopoiesis. This knowledge is of relevance to the in vitro production of cell therapy products and to studies of the interdependence of metabolic and signaling pathways in regenerative tissues. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD002968.
Stuck in tradition‐A qualitative study on barriers for implementation of evidence‐based nutritional care perceived by nursing staff

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To explore the barriers for nutritional care as perceived by nursing staff at an acute orthopaedic ward, aiming to implement evidence-based nutritional care. BACKGROUND Previous studies indicate that nurses recognise nutritional care as important, but interventions are often lacking. These studies show that a range of barriers influence the attempt to optimise nutritional care. Before the implementation of evidence-based nutritional care, we examined barriers for nutritional care among the nursing staff. DESIGN Qualitative study. METHODS Four focus groups with thirteen members of the nursing staff were interviewed between October 2013-June 2014. The interview guide was designed according to the Theoretical Domains Framework. The interviews were analysed using qualitative content analysis. RESULTS Three main categories emerged: lacking common practice, failing to initiate treatment and struggling with existing resources. The nursing staff was lacking both knowledge and common practice regarding nutritional care. They felt they protected patient autonomy by accepting patient's reluctance to eat or getting a feeding tube. The lack of nutritional focus from doctors decreased the nursing staffs focus leading to nonoptimal nutritional treatment. Competing priorities, physical setting and limited nutritional supplements were believed to hinder nutritional care. CONCLUSION The results suggest that nutritional care is in a transitional state from experience- to evidence-based practice. Barriers for nutritional care are grounded in lack of knowledge among nursing staff and insufficient collaboration between nursing staff and the doctors. There is a need for nutritional education for the nursing staff and better support from the organisation to help nursing staff provide evidence-based nutritional care. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE This study contributes with valuable knowledge before the implementation of evidence-based nutritional care. The study provides an understanding of barriers for nutritional care and presents explanations to why nutritional care has failed to become an integrated part of the daily treatment and care.