Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Penggunaan mobile learning (m-learning) untuk tujuan pembelajaran dalam kalangan pelajar kejuruteraan UTHM

Dalam pemodenan era teknologi, pembelajaran mudah alih merupakah salah satu medium pembelajaran yang berkembang dengan cepatnya di Malaysia. Pembelajaran mudah alih adalah pendekatan pembelajaran yang menentukan penguasaaan pengetahuan dan kemahiran melalui teknologi mudah alih. Tujuan utama kajian ini adalah untuk menilai (1) tahap kesediaan pelajar terhadap penggunaan pembelajaran mudah alih, (2) tahap kesesuaian penggunaan pembelajaran mudah alih kepada pelajar dan (3) tahap penerimaan pembelajaran mudah alih oleh pelajar ijazah sarjana muda Fakulti Kejuruteraan Mekanikal dan Pembuatan, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM). Seramai 327 orang pelajar yang terlibat dalam kajian ini. Kaedah analisis kajian yang digunakan adalah berbentuk deskriptif dan menggunakan soal selidik sebagai instrumen kajian. Data yang diperolehi dianalisis dengan menggunakan perisian Statistical Package For Social Science (SPSS) versi 16.0 bagi mendapatkan nilai peratus, min dan sisihan piawai. Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa tahap kesediaan pelajar terhadap penggunaan pembelajaran mudah alih, tahap kesesuaian penggunaan pembelajaran mudah alih dan tahap penerimaan pelajar terhadap pembelajaran mudah alih adalah berada pada tahap tinggi iaitu masing-masing dengan skor min 3.92, 3.98 dan 3.83. Berdasarkan kepada dapatan yang diperolehi, beberapa cadangan untuk penyelidikan lanjutan bagi menjayakan pembelajaran mudah alih juga ada diutarakan.
Impact of ethnicity and extreme prematurity on infant pulmonary function

The impact of birth before 27 completed weeks of gestation on infant pulmonary function (PF) was explored in a multi‐ethnic population in comparison to more mature preterm controls (PTC) and healthy fullterm infants. Plethysmographic lung volume (FRCpleth) and forced expired volume (FEV0.5) were obtained at ∼12 months post‐term age in 52 extremely preterm (EP) infants (median [range] gestational age [GA]: 26 [23–27] weeks; 40% White mothers; 79% with BPD), 41 PTC (GA:35 [30–36] weeks; 37% White mothers) and 95 fullterm infants (GA:40 [37–42] weeks; 86% White mothers). Using reference equations based on identical equipment and techniques, results were expressed as z‐scores to adjust for age, sex and body size. FEV0.5 was significantly lower in EP infants when compared with PTC (mean difference [95% CI]: −1.02[−1.60; −0.44] z‐scores, P < 0.001), as was forced vital capacity (FVC) but there were no significant differences in FRCpleth or FEV0.5/FVC ratio. FEV0.5, FVC, and FEV0.5/FVC were significantly lower in both preterm groups when compared with fullterm controls. On multivariable analyses of the combined preterm dataset: FEV0.5 at ∼1 year was 0.11 [0.05; 0.17] z‐scores higher/week GA, and 1.28 (0.49; 2.08) z‐scores lower in EP infants with prior BPD. Among non‐white preterm infants, FEV0.5 was 0.70 (0.17; 1.24) z‐scores lower, with similar reductions in FVC, such that there were no ethnic differences in FEV0.5/FVC. Similar ethnic differences were observed among fullterm infants. These results confirm the negative impact of preterm birth on subsequent lung development, especially following a diagnosis of BPD, and emphasize the importance of taking ethnic background into account when interpreting results during infancy as in older subjects. Pediatr Pulmonol. 2014; 49:679–687. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Professionals' perceptions of their patients' experiences with fertility care.

BACKGROUND Patient-centredness is one of the core dimensions of quality of care. It can be monitored with surveys measuring patients' experiences with care. The objective of the present study was to determine to what extent gynaecologists, physicians specializing in infertility and nurses can estimate the level of patient-centredness of their clinic. METHODS A random sample of 1189 couples with fertility problems and 194 physicians and nurses from 29 Dutch fertility clinics participated in this cross-sectional study. Differences between patients' experiences with fertility care and professionals' perceptions of these experiences as measured with the patient-centredness questionnaire-infertility (PCQ-infertility) were calculated. The questionnaire's structure, comprising one total scale (level 1), seven subscales (level 2) and 46 single items (level 3), was used as a framework. RESULTS Response rates were 75% (n = 888) in the patient sample and 83% (n = 160) in the professional sample. Independent sample t-tests, corrected for multiple comparisons with the Bonferroni correction method (P < 0.05), showed no significant differences in mean scores on the total scale of patient-centredness for either professionals or patients. At level 2, professionals underestimated most subscales, namely, 'Accessibility', 'Communication', 'Patient involvement' and 'Competence', whereas 'Continuity of care' was overestimated. Professionals significantly and clinically relevantly misjudged 29 care aspects. CONCLUSIONS Professionals within fertility care cannot adequately evaluate their performance regarding patient-centredness, and specifically the care aspects to which their own patients attribute the greatest improvement potential. Providing detailed feedback might start improvement of patient-centredness and quality of care.
Reproductive parameters in Holstein dairy cows treated with three resynchronization methods

The objective of the present study was to determine the reproductive parameters in Holstein cows treated by different hormonal protocols during insemination and postpartum periods. The 114 dairy cows (multiparous) with BCS between 2.75 and 3 were divided into 3 groups in a completely randomized design. 38 cows were treated by Heatsynch method + eCG (M1), 38 cows received Ovsynch + CIDR (M2) and 38 cows were subjected to the Heatsynch method (M3). Blood samples were taken to determine progesterone plasma contents in 14, 21 and 24 days after first insemination. Results showed that treatment with M2 protocol significantly decreased days to first service and conception rate in the cows (P < 0.05). First service conception rate in cows treated with M1 protocol was higher (P < 0.05) compared to M2 and M3 protocol. Pregnancy rate in M1was significantly higher than that of the other groups (P ≤ 0.05). This difference could be due to equine chorionic gonadotrophin (eCG) which could have an effective function on ovulation, fertilization and embryo's vitality. Plasma progesterone levels of pregnant cows were higher than that of nonpregnants cows regardless the type of resynchronization protocols (P≤0.05). However, activation of ovaries, reinitiate estrous cycle and accordance between estrous and ovulation were increased when dairy cows subjected to the Heatsynch + eCG method (M1). Thus, M2 protocol is recommended for primiparous but not for multiparous cows, and T3 protocol is not recommended for synchronization.
Determination of the Functional Unit of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Chloride Channel

The magnitudes and distributions of subconductance states were studied in chloride channels formed by the wild-type cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) and in CFTRs bearing amino acid substitutions in transmembrane segment 6. Within an open burst, it was possible to distinguish three distinct conductance states referred to as the full conductance, subconductance 1, and subconductance 2 states. Amino acid substitutions in transmembrane segment 6 altered the duration and probability of occurrence of these subconductance states but did not greatly alter their relative amplitudes. Results from real time measurements indicated that covalent modification of single R334C-CFTR channels by [2-(trimethylammonium)ethyl]methanethiosulfonate resulted in the simultaneous modification of all three conductance levels in what appeared to be a single step, without changing the proportion of time spent in each state. This behavior suggests that at least a portion of the conduction path is common to all three conducting states. The time course for the modification of R334C-CFTR, measured in outside-out macropatches using a rapid perfusion system, was also consistent with a single modification step as if each pore contained only a single copy of the cysteine at position 334. These results are consistent with a model for the CFTR conduction pathway in which a single anion-conducting pore is formed by a single CFTR polypeptide.
Polynomial Representations of Threshold Functions and Algorithmic Applications

We design new polynomials for representing threshold functions in three different regimes: probabilistic polynomials of low degree, which need far less randomness than previous constructions, polynomial threshold functions (PTFs) with "nice" threshold behavior and degree almost as low as the probabilistic polynomials, and a new notion of probabilistic PTFs where we combine the above techniques to achieve even lower degree with similar "nice" threshold behavior. Utilizing these polynomial constructions, we design faster algorithms for a variety of problems: · Offline Hamming Nearest (and Furthest) Neighbors: Given n red and n blue points in d-dimensional Hamming space for d = c log n, we can find an (exact) nearest (or furthest) blue neighbor for every red point in randomized time n<sup>2-1</sup>/O(√clog<sup>2/3</sup> c) or deterministic time n<sup>2-1/O(c log2 c)</sup>. These improve on a randomized n<sup>2-1/O(c log2 c)</sup> bound by Alman and Williams (FOCS'15), and also lead to faster MAX-SAT algorithms for sparse CNFs. · Offline Approximate Nearest (and Furthest) Neighbors: Given n red and n blue points in d-dimensional ℓ<sub>1</sub> or Euclidean space, we can find a (1+ε)-approximate nearest (or furthest) blue neighbor for each red point in randomized time near dn+n<sup>2-Ω(ε1/3/log(1/ε))</sup>. This improves on an algorithm by Valiant (FOCS'12) with randomized time near dn+n<sup>2-Ω(√ε)</sup>, which in turn improves previous methods based on locality-sensitive hashing. · SAT Algorithms and Lower Bounds for Circuits With Linear Threshold Functions: We give a satisfiability algorithm for AC<sup>0</sup>[m] o LTF LTF circuits with a subquadratic number of LTF gates on the bottom layer, and a subexponential number of gates on the other layers, that runs in deterministic 2<sup>n-n</sup><sup>ε</sup> time. This strictly generalizes a SAT algorithm for ACC<sup>0</sup> oLTF circuits of subexponential size by Williams (STOC'14) and also implies new circuit lower bounds for threshold circuits, improving a recent gate lower bound of Kane and Williams (STOC'16). We also give a randomized 2<sup>n-n</sup><sup>ε</sup>-time SAT algorithm for subexponential-size MAJ o AC<sub>0</sub> oLTF o AC<sub>0</sub> oLTF circuits, where the top MAJ gate and middle LTF gates have O(n<sup>6/5-δ</sup>) fan-in.
Building a Gender and Methodology Curriculum: Integrated Skills, Exercises, and Practices

In this article, we develop an argument for better integrating the political science curricula on methodology with gender politics. We demonstrate how these two areas are presently distinct and nonoverlapping with an analysis of commonly used methodology and women and politics textbooks. We examine the implications of these results for female students’ engagement with political methodology—an area in which women are persistently underrepresented—by drawing on research from STEM educators. Stereotype threat (Steele 1997; Steele and Aronson 1995) provides a framework for thinking about the myriad of ways the curriculum influences learning outcomes for female students and highlights the utility of greater crossover between the two subject areas. To facilitate better integration of methodology and gender politics, we identify opportunities for instructors to incorporate methods into courses on gender and gender into courses on methods. We also develop a number of different in-class activities and resources to help faculty to bridge the gap between gender and methodology.
Improved Stabilization Conditions for T-S Fuzzy Systems with Periodic Variable Delay

This paper studies the stability and stabilization of a class of T-S fuzzy systems(TFS) with periodic variable delay. First, the periodic delay is divided into two monotone intervals for functional analysis according to the monotonicity of periodic variable delay. Whereafter, a novel monotone delay-interval-based functional(MDIF) including looped functional and augmented functional is constructed, which introduces more system states information and delay information. Further, the improved stabilization conditions are obtained based on a new MDIF and the memory state feedback controller design method. Finally, the validity of the controller design method is elaborated by a truck-trailer system.
Working class and working college : a case study of first generation, working class, first year, white male college students.

Working Class and Working College: A Case Student of First Generation, Working Class, First Year, White Male College Students Robert Michael Longwell-Grice May 11, 2002 This dissertation is a case study involving four, first generation, working class, college students. The dissertation study chronicled the experiences of these students during their first semester at the college. In order to more effectively focus on the aspects of social class and first generation status, the study was restricted to white males. First generation, working class students must negotiate a difficult transition from their working class culture to the culture of academia, in order to be successful in college. This transition typically requires significant re-negotiation of relationships with family members and friends, who are not always supportive of their efforts. Research among first generation, working class students indicates that they face substantial barriers to earning a college degree, and are at a distinct disadvantage concerning access to college and degree attainment. Case study methodology was employed for this study. Participants were interviewed every two weeks throughout the semester to chronicle their experiences. The research question for the study was: How do first generation, working class, first year, white male college students make the necessary academic, social and cultural adjustments to college?
Studies in social influence VI: Is Lenin orange or red? Imagery and social influence

Two experiments dealing with the effects of a majority or a minority source influence, solely on the recognition of a portrait, let us study the generalization of the influence to a portrait symbolically linked to a colour. According to the theory of conversion, the bringing into play of the validation process of the stimulus when the source is a minority should allow such a generalization cognitive association. When the source is a majority, a social comparison process should lead to compliance about the portrait, without any cognitive investigation of the whole stimulus. In the first experiment, four slides were shown successively using material similar to Luchins' (1945) and progressively drawing the portrait of Lenin, with a red-orange background for each phase. The dependant variables are: (1) the drawing, (2) the colour of the background, (3) the after-image. On the two last slides for which the answer ‘Lenin’ is given by the source, changes towards red (and the complementary colour green), in the absence of the source under the minority influence, and changes towards orange under majority influence in the absence of the source are registered. Moreoever, the most significant changes of the colour judgment are due to the subjects who refuse to answer ‘Lenin’ during the interaction. In the second experiment, only the fourth slide, on which Lenin's portrait completely appears is shown. The subjects submitted to majority influence answer ‘Lenin’ more than the control group does, only in the presence of the source and change their judgment on the colour of the after-image towards the complementary of orange in the absence of the source. When the source is a minority a sinificant effect towards the red and its complementary colour is shown.
Ciliary neurotrophic factor selectively protects human oligodendrocytes from tumor necrosis factor‐mediated injury

Oligodendrocytes (OLs) and their myelin membranes are the apparent injury targets in the putative human autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis. The basis for this selective injury remains to be defined. OLs in vitro have been shown to be susceptible to both tumor necrosis factor (TNF) and non‐TNF‐dependent immune effector mechanisms. The former involves initial nuclear injury (apoptosis); the latter, when mediated by activated T cells, involves initial cell membrane injury (lysis). In the current study, we determined whether human adult CNS‐derived OLs could be protected from the above immune effector mechanisms by selected neurotrophic factors (CNTF, BDNF, NGF, NT‐3, and NT‐4/5) or cytokines demonstrated to protect from human or experimental autoimmune demyelinating diseases (β‐interferon [IFN], IL‐10, and TGF‐β). Nuclear injury was assessed in terms of DNA fragmentation using a DNA nick‐end‐labelling technique; cell membrane injury was assessed by lactate dehydrogenase or chromium 51 release. MTT and cell counting assays were used to assess cell viability and cell loss, respectively. Amongst the neurotrophic factors and cytokines tested, only CNTF significantly protected the OLs from TNF‐mediated injury. CNTF also protected the OLs from serum deprivation‐induced apoptosis. CNTF, however, did not protect the OLs from injury induced by activated CD4+ T cells. CNTF also did not protect human fetal cortical neurons from serum deprivation or TNF‐induced DNA fragmentation, nor did it protect the U251 human glioma cell line from DNA fragmentation induced by a combination of TNF and reduced serum concentration in the culture media. Our results indicate that potential protective effects of neurotrophic factors or cytokines on neural cell populations can be selective both for cell type involved and mechanism of immune‐mediated injury. CNTF is the protective factor selective for nuclear‐directed injury of OLs. © 1996 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Role of Shared Family Identity and Future Time Perspective in Shaping the Outcomes of Grandparents’ Positive and Negative Social Behaviors

Scholars have begun to recognize that negative social encounters may have more profound effects on individuals than do positive social encounters. This study analyzes survey responses provided by 195 young adults regarding the kinds of positive and negative social behaviors they experience during interactions with target grandparents. Results suggest that the nature of grandchildren’s evaluations of grandparent behavior and the impact of grandparent behavior on grandchildren’s feelings of relational satisfaction are contingent on feelings of shared familial identification, although a question remains as to whether shared family identification functions as a moderator or a mediator. Results also suggested that shared family identity interacted with perceptions of grandparents’ futures as being restricted versus expansive to shape the impact of frequent positive grandparent behaviors.
Handling Discourse: Gestures, Reference Tracking, and Communication Strategies in Early L2

The production of cohesive discourse, especially maintained reference, poses problems for early second language (L2) speakers. This paper considers a communicative account of overexplicit L2 discourse by focusing on the interdependence between spoken and gestural cohesion, the latter being expressed by anchoring of referents in gesture space. Specifically, this study investigates whether overexplicit maintained reference in speech (lexical noun phrases [NPs]) and gesture (anaphoric gestures) constitutes an interactional communication strategy. We examine L2 speech and gestures of 16 Dutch learners of French retelling stories to addressees under two visibility conditions. The results indicate that the overexplicit properties of L2 speech are not motivated by interactional strategic concerns. The results for anaphoric gestures are more complex. Although their presence is not interactionally motivated, their spatial articulation is. A learner- and processing-oriented account for both speech and gesture is discussed.
The cognitive and motivational effects of imagery on sport performance

This thesis is written as a collection of research papers through which the cognitive and motivational effects of imagery on sports performance were investigated. A number of research methodologies, ranging from a quasi-experimental design to a multiple-baseline across participants design, were employed to explore the effects of imagery. The first section of this thesis explored the cognitive effects of imagery. Specifically, study I examined the effects of different visual imagery perspectives and kinaesthetic imagery on the acquisition and retention of a simple gymnastics routine. External visual imagery was shown to have superior effects over internal visual imagery for this form-based task. A significant interaction was found in the retention phase; however, follow up tests failed to clarify the nature of the interaction. Study 2 and study 3 further investigated the imagery perspective issue by exploring the strength of relationship between external visual imagery and kinaesthetic imagery, and between internal visual imagery and kinaestlictic imagery. Results indicated that when the participant is the object of the image, kinaesthetic imagery has a greater association with external visual imagery than with internal visual imagery. However, because the tasks that participants imaged were essentially form-based, the results may not generalise to other types of tasks. The second section of the thesis examined the motivational effects of imagery. Study 4 employed a multiple-baseline across participants design to establish the effect of a mastery imagery intervention on sport confidence. Consistent with Paivio's (1985) proposals, the results suggested that imagery has a motivational function as the imagery intervention was found to increase confidence. Study 5 further considered the imagery confidence relationship and two factors which may moderate this relationship, that is skill level and sport-type. The results suggest that in team sport players the type of imagery associated with confidence depends on the skill level of the player
Children Talk About the Mind

1. Children, Mind, and Language: An Introduction 2. Language and Mind: Methods 3. Talk about Thoughts and Beliefs 4. Talk about Desires 5. Desires and Beliefs 6. Explanations and Arguments 7. Individual Differences 8. Children's Developing Theory of Mind 9. Alternatives and Controversies 10. Ordinary Talk about Persons and Minds: Questions and Conclusions References Index
Handling of sheep at markets and the incidence of bruising

Most sheep sent for slaughter in the United Kingdom are sold through livestock markets. This study counted the potentially bruising events at two markets handling 12,119 sheep in 549 groups and recorded the bruises on carcases of sheep from these markets. There were 1324 and 744 potentially bruising events per 1000 sheep at markets A and B, respectively. The unloading of 1501 sheep in 40 groups and the pre-slaughter handling of 1085 sheep in 60 groups were observed at the commercial slaughterhouse where the bruises were recorded. The number of potentially bruising events at the slaughterhouse was 694 per 1000 sheep. The bruising on the carcases of 58 groups of sheep from market A and 29 groups from market B, and of 30 groups of sheep sent to slaughter direct from farms was assessed. The sheep from market A had 581 bruises per 1000 sheep, those from market B had 377 per 1000 sheep, and the sheep sent direct from farms had 399 bruises per 1000 sheep. There were some differences in the distribution of the bruises on the carcases from the three sources, but no significant differences between the total numbers of bruises.