Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PENGARUH SERTIFIKASI GURU DAN MOTIVASI KERJA GURU TERHADAP KINERJA GURU SMA N 5 SURAKARTA

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini dilakukan di SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta tahun 2013. Penelitian ini termasuk penelitian kuantitatif yang menggunakan metode kausal komparatif atau expost facto research. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh guru di SMA Negeri 5 Surakarta. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan adalah purposive sampling . Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah 59 guru yang telah lulus sertifikasi. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linier sederhana dan analisis regresi linier berganda. Berdasar analisis data dan pembahasan dapat disimpulkan bahwa, (1) Terdapat pengaruh positif sertifikasi guru terhadap kinerja guru SMA N 5 Surakarta. (2) Terdapat pengaruh positif motivasi kerja guru terhadap kinerja guru SMA N 5 Surakarta. (3) Terdapat pengaruh positif sertifikasi guru dan motivasi kerja guru terhadap kinerja guru SMA N 5 Surakarta. Kata Kunci: Sertifikasi Guru, Motivasi Kerja Guru, Kinerja Guru Abstract This research was conducted at state senior secondary school 5 of surakarta in 2013. It was quantitative research with the causal comparative method or ex post facto research. The population of the research was all of teachers of the school. The samples were taken by using the purposive sampling technique. The samples of the research consisted of 59 teachers who passed the teacher certification program. They were then analyzed by using the simple linear regression technique of analysis and the multiple linear regression technique of analysis. The results of the research are as follows: (1) the teacher certification has a positive effect on the performance of the teachers of State Senior Secondary School 5 of Surakarta. (2) the work motivation has a positive effect on the performance of the teachers of State Senior Secondary School 5 of Surakarta. (3) the teacher certification and the work motivation have a simultaneously positive effect on the performance of the teachers of State Senior Secondary School 5 of Surakarta. Keywords:Teacher Certification, Work Motivation, Performance
Association of insertion/deletion polymorphism of angiotensin-converting enzyme gene with essential hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Malaysian subjects

Introduction. The deletion (D) allele of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene has been studied in various populations in relation to hypertension (HTN) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with contradictory results.This study sought to determine the association of insertion (I)/D polymorphism of the ACE gene in hypertensive andT2DM subjects in a Malaysian population. Materials and methods. A total of 260 subjects consisting of 65 HTN, 60 T2DM, 65 T2DM with HTN and 70 controls were recruited. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction initially and mistyping of DD genotypes was performed with an insertion-specific primer. Results. The frequency for II, ID and DD genotypes of the ACE gene was 36.92%, 52.31% and 10.77% in HTN, 40.00%, 41.67% and 18.33% inT2DM, 30.77%, 53.85% and 15.38% inT2DM with HTN and 57.14%, 40.00% and 2.86% in controls, respectively. The frequency for the D allele was 36.92% in HTN, 39.17% in T2DM and 42.31% in T2DM with HTN compared to 22.86% in controls.The genotype and allele frequency of the ACE gene polymorphism differed significantly in patients when compared to controls (p < 0.05). Conclusion. The D allele of the ACE gene is associated with essential HTN and T2DM in Malaysian subjects.
The Evolution of Synapse Models – from Numbers to Networks to Spaces

We review the evolution of synapse models over the last sixty-five years in terms of the changing paradigms: initially, the synapse was modelled only as part of a neuronal system, both as a number (weight of an edge in a connectionist network) and as a channel in a conductance-based model. With the availability of more structural and kinetic data, it came to be seen as a full-fledged biochemical network, accompanied by a shift from the previous "top-down" approach to a more "bottom-up" network reconstruction. Most recently, the synapse is seen as a geometric 3-dimensional space with various processes driving the dynamics. A particular focus is placed on models of the dopamine synapse and their connections to schizophrenia. The advances of detailed modelling on the synaptic level have highlighted the challenges of integrating the various functional levels, which are tightly coupled with processes on different scales in time and space. On the other hand, this effort will contribute to bridging the currently perceived gap between computational neuroscience and (computational) systems biology.
Between a rock and a hot place: the core–mantle boundary

The boundary between the rocky mantle and iron core, almost 2900 km below the surface, is physically the most significant in the Earth's interior. It may be the terminus for subducted surface material, the source of mantle plumes and a control on the Earth's magnetic field. Its properties also have profound significance for the thermochemical and dynamic evolution of the solid Earth. Evidence from seismology shows that D″ (the lowermost few hundred kilometres of the mantle) has a variety of anomalous features. Understanding the origin of these observations requires an understanding of the elastic and deformation properties of the deep Earth minerals. Core–mantle boundary pressures and temperatures are achievable in the laboratory using diamond anvil cell (DAC) apparatus. Such experiments have led to the recent discovery of a new phase, ‘post-perovskite’, which may explain many hitherto poorly understood properties of D″. Experimental work is also done using analogue minerals at lower pressures and temperatures; these circumvent some of the limits imposed by the small sample size allowed by the DAC. A considerable contribution also comes from theoretical methods that provide a wealth of otherwise unavailable information, as well as verification and refinement of experimental results. The future of the study of the lowermost mantle will involve the linking of the ever-improving seismic observations with predictions of material properties from theoretical and experimental mineral physics in a quantitative fashion, including simulations of the dynamics of the deep Earth. This has the potential to dispel much of the mystery that still surrounds this remote but important region.
‘Youser-friendly’ metalanguage: What effect does it have on learners of English?

The language of linguistic description used in language teaching materials is a genre that has received little attention. Nevertheless, it is a valid object of study both in terms of its linguistic features and in an applied linguistic sense, since it can be an aid (or barrier) to learning. This paper focuses on a trend in this genre, namely the development of a metalanguage for lexical and grammatical description which is seen to be more user-friendly, as for example in Cobuild publications. This metalanguage eschews use of the passive and other impersonal constructions in favour of active constructions starting with you. However, there is little research on whether this youser-friendly' metalanguage is appropriate in terms of learner expectations, or helpful in terms of learning outcomes. The paper reports an experiment in which comparable groups of learners were given three different texts describing the same area of English usage - one written in an impersonal style, a second in a youser-friendly' style and the third a hybrid of the two - and given a test on the area. The learners performed equally well with the two 'extreme' versions, but worse on the hybrid version. Tentative explanations for these apparently unusual results are offered.
An Extended Kuramoto Model for Frequency and Phase Synchronization in Delay-Free Networks with Finite Number of Agents

Due to its description of a synchronization between oscillators, the Kuramoto model is an ideal choice for a synchronisation algorithm in networked systems. This requires to achieve not only a frequency synchronization but also a phase synchronization - something the standard Kuramoto model can not provide for a finite number of agents. In this case, a remaining phase difference is necessary to offset differences of the natural frequencies. Setting the Kuramoto model into the context of dynamic consensus and making use of the $n$th order discrete average consensus algorithm, this paper extends the standard Kuramoto model in such a way that frequency and phase synchronization are separated. This in turn leads to an algorithm achieve the required frequency and phase synchronization also for a finite number of agents. Simulations show the viability of this extended Kuramoto model.
Influence of Different Envelope Maskers on Signal Recognition and Neuronal Representation in the Auditory System of a Grasshopper

Background Animals that communicate by sound face the problem that the signals arriving at the receiver often are degraded and masked by noise. Frequency filters in the receiver's auditory system may improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) by excluding parts of the spectrum which are not occupied by the species-specific signals. This solution, however, is hardly amenable to species that produce broad band signals or have ears with broad frequency tuning. In mammals auditory filters exist that work in the temporal domain of amplitude modulations (AM). Do insects also use this type of filtering? Principal Findings Combining behavioural and neurophysiological experiments we investigated whether AM filters may improve the recognition of masked communication signals in grasshoppers. The AM pattern of the sound, its envelope, is crucial for signal recognition in these animals. We degraded the species-specific song by adding random fluctuations to its envelope. Six noise bands were used that differed in their overlap with the spectral content of the song envelope. If AM filters contribute to reduced masking, signal recognition should depend on the degree of overlap between the song envelope spectrum and the noise spectra. Contrary to this prediction, the resistance against signal degradation was the same for five of six masker bands. Most remarkably, the band with the strongest frequency overlap to the natural song envelope (0–100 Hz) impaired acceptance of degraded signals the least. To assess the noise filter capacities of single auditory neurons, the changes of spike trains as a function of the masking level were assessed. Increasing levels of signal degradation in different frequency bands led to similar changes in the spike trains in most neurones. Conclusions There is no indication that auditory neurones of grasshoppers are specialized to improve the SNR with respect to the pattern of amplitude modulations.
VL-ICL Bench: The Devil in the Details of Benchmarking Multimodal In-Context Learning

Large language models (LLMs) famously exhibit emergent in-context learning (ICL) -- the ability to rapidly adapt to new tasks using few-shot examples provided as a prompt, without updating the model's weights. Built on top of LLMs, vision large language models (VLLMs) have advanced significantly in areas such as recognition, reasoning, and grounding. However, investigations into \emph{multimodal ICL} have predominantly focused on few-shot visual question answering (VQA), and image captioning, which we will show neither exploit the strengths of ICL, nor test its limitations. The broader capabilities and limitations of multimodal ICL remain under-explored. In this study, we introduce a comprehensive benchmark VL-ICL Bench for multimodal in-context learning, encompassing a broad spectrum of tasks that involve both images and text as inputs and outputs, and different types of challenges, from {perception to reasoning and long context length}. We evaluate the abilities of state-of-the-art VLLMs against this benchmark suite, revealing their diverse strengths and weaknesses, and showing that even the most advanced models, such as GPT-4, find the tasks challenging. By highlighting a range of new ICL tasks, and the associated strengths and limitations of existing models, we hope that our dataset will inspire future work on enhancing the in-context learning capabilities of VLLMs, as well as inspire new applications that leverage VLLM ICL. The code and dataset are available at https://github.com/ys-zong/VL-ICL.
Why females do not choose computing? A lesson learned from China

Purpose – The declining participation of young American females in computing fields negatively impacts diversity in the computing‐related workforce. While computing in China is also dominated by men, career prospects are positively perceived by Chinese women. The purpose of this paper is to investigate both countries' female gender perceptions toward computing and two influencing psychological factors, computer anxiety and computer self‐efficacy (CSE). To better understand American females' perception toward computing, these factors are compared to those of Chinese women.Design/methodology/approach – The paper tried to understand gender perception toward computing, which is believed to be one factor influencing female participation in computing. The paper examined 137 American female students and 145 Chinese female students. All students were non‐IT‐related business majors. The survey contained the following scales: gender typing scale, CSE scale, and computer anxiety rating scale. The paper used the mode.
EARLY IDENTIFICATION AND INTERVENTION FOR YOUNG CHILDREN WITH READING / LEARNING DISABILITIES

We can all agree that reading is one of the principal tools for understanding our humanity, for making sense of our world, for advancing the democratic ideal, and for generating personal and national prosperity. We can agree that ability to read allows us to achieve three important goals: building knowledge (e.g., learning about the physical world); acquiring information for accomplishing tasks (e.g., installing a VCR); and deriving pleasure and feeding our interests (e.g., how our favorite athletic team has fared). Lacking reading ability, our lives would be very different. They would not be as rich.
Alterations in Placental Growth Factor Levels before and after the Onset of Preeclampsia Are More Pronounced in Women with Early Onset Severe Preeclampsia

It has been established that the serum placental growth factor (PlGF) decreases and the soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) increases in women with preeclampsia. However, there have been no studies on the relation between preeclampsia onset time and the changes in PlGF and sFlt-1. Furthermore, the PlGF and sFlt-1 levels have not been evaluated using their reference values specific to each gestational age. In this study we reevaluated the serum PlGF and sFlt-1 levels before and after the clinical manifestation of early and late onset severe preeclampsia using the new reference values developed in our recent longitudinal study. Blood specimens were obtained immediately after the clinical manifestation of severe preeclampsia in 34 referred women, and both before and after the clinical manifestation in 8 women receiving a routine checkup at our institute. Both women with early and those with late preeclampsia showed decreased PlGF and increased sFlt-1 levels compared to normotensive controls at 28 and 37 weeks (n=68). However, those with early onset preeclampsia had a higher incidence of low PlGF (<5th percentile on the reference values) and high sFlt-1 (≥95th percentile) than those with late onset (low PlGF: 93% vs. 55%; high sFlt-1: 100% vs. 60%). log10PlGF (r=0.574, p<0.001) and log10(sFlt-1/PlGF) (r=−0.556, p<0.001) were correlated with the week of onset of preeclampsia. Before the onset of preeclampsia, the incidence rate of low PlGF in the women with early onset preeclampsia was 100% (5/5), whereas that in the women with late onset preeclampsia was 0% (0/2) (p=0.048). Therefore, alterations in the PlGF levels both before and after the onset of preeclampsia may be more pronounced in women with early onset than those with late onset severe preeclampsia.
Tertiary Companions to Close Spectroscopic Binaries

We have surveyed a sample of 165 solar-type spectroscopic binaries (SB) with periods from 1 to 30 days for higher-order multiplicity. A subsample of 62 targets were observed with the NACO adaptive optics system and 13 new physical tertiary companions were detected. An additional 12 new wide companions (5 still tentative) were found using the 2MASS all-sky survey. The binaries belong to 161 stellar systems; of these 64 are triple, 11 quadruple and 7 quintuple. After correction for incompleteness, the fraction of SBs with additional companions is found to be 63% ± 5%. We find that this fraction is a strong function of the SB period P , reaching 96% for $P 12^{\rm d}$. Period distributions of SBs with and without tertiaries are significantly different, but their mass ratio distributions are identical. The statistical data on the multiplicity of close SBs presented in this paper indicates that the periods and mass ratios of SBs were established very early, but the periods of SB systems with triples were further shortened by angular momentum exchange with companions.
Posttraumatic stress disorder in a community group of former prisoners of war: a normative response to severe trauma.

OBJECTIVE The goal of this study was to assess and describe the long-term impact of traumatic prisoner of war (POW) experiences within the context of posttraumatic psychopathology. Specifically, the authors attempted to investigate the relative degree of normative response represented by posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in comparison to other DSM axis I disorders often found to be present, either alone or concomitant with other disorders, in survivors of trauma. METHOD A community group of 262 U.S. World War II and Korean War former POWs was recruited. These men had been exposed to the multiple traumas of combat, capture, and imprisonment, yet few had ever sought mental health treatment. They were assessed for psychopathology with diagnostic interviews and psychodiagnostic testing. Regression analyses were used to assess the contributions of age at capture, war trauma, and postwar social support to PTSD and the other diagnosed disorders. RESULTS More than half of the men (53%) met criteria for lifetime PTSD, and 29% met criteria for current PTSD. The most severely traumatized group (POWs held by the Japanese) had PTSD lifetime rates of 84% and current rates of 59%. Fifty-five percent of those with current PTSD were free from the other current axis I disorders (uncomplicated PTSD). In addition, 34% of those with lifetime PTSD had PTSD as their only lifetime axis I diagnosis. Regression analyses indicated that age at capture, severity of exposure to trauma, and postmilitary social support were moderately predictive of PTSD and only weakly predictive of other disorders. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that PTSD is a persistent, normative, and primary consequence of exposure to severe trauma.
PERSONALITY AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY BULLETIN Richards, Gross / COMPOSURE AT ANY COST? Composure at Any Cost? The Cognitive Consequences of Emotion Suppression

We frequently try to appear less emotional than we really are, such as when we are angry with our spouse at a dinner party, disgusted by a boss’s sexist comments during a meeting, or amused by a friend’s embarrassing faux pas in public. Attempts at emotion suppression doubtless have social benefits. However, suppression may do more than change how we look: It also may change how we think. Two studies tested the hypothesis that emotion suppression has cognitive consequences. Study 1 showed that suppression impaired incidental memory for information presented during the suppression period. Study 2 replicated this finding and further showed that suppression increased cardiovascular activation. Mediational analyses indicated that physiological and cognitive effects were independent. Overall, findings suggest that emotion suppression is a cognitively demanding form of self-regulation.
Liver displacement during ventilation in Thiel embalmed human cadavers – a possible model for research and training in minimally invasive therapies

Abstract Respiration-related movement of organs is a complication in a range of diagnostic and interventional procedures. The development and validation of techniques to compensate for such movement requires appropriate models. Human cadavers embalmed with the Thiel method remain flexible and could provide a suitable model. In this study liver displacement during ventilation was assessed in eight Thiel embalmed cadavers, all of which showed thoracic and abdominal motion. Four cadavers displayed realistic lung behaviour, one showed some signs of pneumothorax after prolonged ventilation, one had limited filling of the lungs, and two displayed significant leakage of air into the thorax. A coronal slice containing the largest section through the liver was imaged with a real-time Fast Gradient Echo (FGR) MRI sequence: Craniocaudal displacement of the liver was then determined from a time-series of slices. The maximum liver displacement observed in the cadavers ranged from 7 to 35 mm. The ventilation applied was comparable to tidal breathing at rest and the results found for liver displacement are similar to values in the literature for respiratory motion of the liver under similar conditions. This indicates that Thiel embalmed cadavers have potential as a model for research and training in minimally invasive procedures.
The Role of CD44 in Glucose Metabolism in Prostatic Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

While prostatic adenocarcinomas are relatively indolent, some patients with advanced adenocarcinomas recur with small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma which is highly aggressive and lethal. Because glycolysis is a feature of malignancy and the degree of glycolysis generally correlates with tumor aggressiveness, we wanted to compare the metabolic differences and the molecular mechanisms involved between the two tumor types. In this study, and based on previous characterization, LNCaP and PC-3 prostate cancer cell lines were selected as models of prostatic adenocarcinoma and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, respectively. In addition to measuring glucose consumption, lactate secretion, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, we performed metabolic profiling in these two model systems. The role of CD44 was studied by RNAi and lentivirus-mediated overexpression. Expression of key enzymes in glycolysis was studied using human tissue microarrays containing benign prostate, adenocarcinoma, and small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma. Results showed that glycolytic features of PC-3 cells were higher than that of LNCaP cells. PFKFB4 was overexpressed in human small cell carcinoma tissue versus adenocarcinoma tissue. CD44 regulated glucose metabolism, intracellular ROS, and cell proliferation in PC-3 cells. Inhibition of CD44 also sensitized PC-3 cells to carboplatin. In conclusion, this study suggests different pathways of glucose metabolism contribute to the disparate biologic behaviors of these two tumor types. Implications: CD44 is an important regulator of glucose metabolism in small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and may be an important therapeutic target. Mol Cancer Res; 14(4); 344–53. ©2016 AACR.
On the design and performance of kernel-level TCP connection endpoint migration in cluster-based servers

The TCP connection endpoint migration allows arbitrary server-side connection endpoint assignments to server nodes in cluster-based servers. The mechanism is client-transparent and supports back-end level request dispatching. It has been implemented in the Linux kernel and can be used as part of a policy-based software architecture for request distribution. We show that the TCP connection end-point migration can be successfully used for request distribution in cluster-based Web servers, both for persistent and non-persistent HTTP connections. We present locality-aware policies using TCP connection migration that outperform Round Robin by factors as high as 2.79 in terms of the average response time for certain classes of requests.