Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Public-Key Encryption with Fuzzy Keyword Search: A Provably Secure Scheme under Keyword Guessing Attack

A lot of interest has been drawn recently into public-key encryption with keyword search (PEKS), which keeps publickey encrypted documents amendable to secure keyword search. However, PEKS resist against keyword guessing attack by assuming that the size of the keyword space is beyond the polynomial level. But this assumption is ineffective in practice. PEKS are insecure under keyword guessing attack. As we observe, the key to defend such attack is to avoid the availability of the exact search trapdoor to adversaries. Accordingly, we compromise the exactness of search trapdoor by mapping at least two different keywords into a fuzzy search trapdoor. We propose a novel concept called public-key encryption with fuzzy keyword search (PEFKS), by which the un-trusted server only obtains the fuzzy search trapdoor instead of the exact search trapdoor, and define its semantic security under chosen keyword attack (SS-CKA) and indistinguishability of keywords under non-adaptively chosen keywords and keyword guessing attack (IK-NCK-KGA). For the keyword space with and without uniform distribution, we respectively present two universal transformations from anonymous identity-based encryption to PEFKS, and prove their SSCKA and IK-NCK-KGA securities. To our knowledge, PEFKS is the first scheme to resist against keyword guessing attack on condition that the keyword space is not more than the polynomial level.
Myosin Assembly, Maintenance and Degradation in Muscle: Role of the Chaperone UNC-45 in Myosin Thick Filament Dynamics

Myofibrillogenesis in striated muscle cells requires a precise ordered pathway to assemble different proteins into a linear array of sarcomeres. The sarcomere relies on interdigitated thick and thin filaments to ensure muscle contraction, as well as properly folded and catalytically active myosin head. Achieving this organization requires a series of protein folding and assembly steps. The folding of the myosin head domain requires chaperone activity to attain its functional conformation. Folded or unfolded myosin can spontaneously assemble into short myosin filaments, but further assembly requires the short and incomplete myosin filaments to assemble into the developing thick filament. These longer filaments are then incorporated into the developing sarcomere of the muscle. Both myosin folding and assembly require factors to coordinate the formation of the thick filament in the sarcomere and these factors include chaperone molecules. Myosin folding and sarcomeric assembly requires association of classical chaperones as well as folding cofactors such as UNC-45. Recent research has suggested that UNC-45 is required beyond initial myosin head folding and may be directly or indirectly involved in different stages of myosin thick filament assembly, maintenance and degradation.
The use and impact of national confidential enquiries in high-income countries

Objective To describe the use and characteristics of national confidential enquiries (NCEs) into adverse outcomes of healthcare in high-income countries and to review the evidence of their impact. Method Systematic search of bibliometric databases plus review of cited references and search of websites. Eleven characteristics of NCEs were extracted. Studies evaluating the impact of three NCEs were searched for. Data were extracted and tabulated, and a narrative review conducted. Results Establishment of NCEs has been limited with only 27 examples identified in over 50 years and only nine currently functioning. They have been particularly popular in the nations of the UK (17 of the 27) and in services around childbirth (15/27). NCEs mostly include all cases (19/23) and include adverse outcomes both during and after the initial hospital episode (17/23). The annual volume of cases varies from four to over 6000. With one exception, NCEs make no attempt to use ‘controls. ’ Research evidence of the impact of the recommendations from three of the largest and longest running NCEs is poor, with no time-series analyses or experimental studies, and is restricted to considering their impact on the structure and process rather than the outcome of care. Conclusions The lack of scientific evidence on the impact of NCEs on improving safety, combined with uncertainty as to the validity of their recommendations and their high cost, suggests the need for rigorous evaluation and a reconsideration of their contribution. One option is to nest NCEs within prospective national clinical audits.
Environmental Research and Public Health Parental Supply of Alcohol in Childhood and Risky Drinking in Adolescence: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Whether parental supply of alcohol affects the likelihood of later adolescent risky drinking remains unclear. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to synthesize findings from longitudinal studies investigating this association. We searched eight electronic databases up to 10 September 2016 for relevant terms and included only original English language peer-reviewed journal articles with a prospective design. Two reviewers independently screened articles, extracted data and assessed risk of bias. Seven articles met inclusion criteria, six of which used analytic methods allowing for meta-analysis. In all seven studies, the follow-up period was ≥12 months and attrition ranged from 3% to 15%. Parental supply of alcohol was associated with subsequent risky drinking (odds ratio = 2.00, 95% confidence interval = 1.72, 2.32); however, there was substantial risk of confounding bias and publication bias. In all studies, measurement of exposure was problematic given the lack of distinction between parental supply of sips of alcohol versus whole drinks. In conclusion, parental supply of alcohol in childhood is associated with an increased likelihood of risky drinking later in adolescence. However, methodological limitations preclude a causal inference. More robust longitudinal studies are needed, with particular attention to distinguishing sips from whole drinks, measurement of likely confounders, and multivariable adjustment.
Ultrastructural analysis of dental ceramic surface processed by a 1070 nm fiber laser

Background: Lithium di-silicate dental ceramic bonding, realized by using different resins, is strictly dependent on micro-mechanical retention and chemical adhesion. The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the capability of a 1070 nm fibre laser for their surface treatment. Methods: Samples were irradiated by a pulsed fibre laser at 1070 nm with different parameters (peak power of 5, 7.5, and 10 kW, repetition rate (RR) 20 kHz, speed of 10 and 50 mm/sec, and total energy density from 1.3 to 27 kW/cm2) Subsequently, the surface modifications were analysed by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS). Results: With a peak power of 5 kW, RR of 20 kHz, and speed of 50 mm/sec, the microscopic observation of the irradiated surface showed increased roughness with small areas of melting and carbonization. EDS analysis revealed that, with these parameters, there are no evident differences between laser-processed samples and controls. Conclusions: A 1070 nm fibre laser can be considered as a good device to increase the adhesion of lithium di-silicate ceramics when optimum parameters are considered.
Insulin‐dose‐adjusted HbA1c‐defined partial remission phase in a paediatric population—when is the honeymoon over?

There has been a resurgence of interest in the partial remission ‘honeymoon’ phase of Type 1 diabetes as an opportunity for immunomodulation, with the hope that preservation of a functional mass of b-cells may be a future possibility [1]. However, there has been much uncertainty regarding how to accurately define this partial remission phase, with previous methods intrinsically flawed by the codependence of their variables, namely HbA1c and insulin dose kg 1 day 1 [2,3]. A new measure has been proposed, which, for the first time, coalesces therapy and outcome measure into a numerical definition, shown to correlate with a stimulated C-peptide response [4]. This is the insulin-doseadjusted HbA1c, and a value of 9 has been identified as representing a patient in partial remission when the following formula is used: insulin-dose-adjusted HbA1c = (IDAA1C) HbA1c (%) + 4 [insulin dose (U kg 1 24 h )]. For the first time in a clinical setting, we have examined this formula by defining the duration and associated factors of the partial remission phase in our patient population. We conducted a retrospective review of all newly diagnosed patients from January 2005 to January 2006 (n = 156), excluding patientswhodid not have 1diabetes-associated antibodies, orwhohadmissingdata in the first year after diagnosis (n = 13 and 45, respectively). One hundred and nine patients were included, with a mean age at diagnosis of 9.0 3.4 years (male 55%, female 45%). Using the insulin-dose-adjusted HbA1c to define partial remission, the results obtained (see Table 1) were in keeping with internationally reported data [3,5]. Median duration of partial remission was 8 months (range 3–26 months). When we compared the insulindose-adjusted HbA1c to a purely dose-defined partial remission (0.5 U kg 1 24 h ), the dose definition grossly overestimated the proportion entering partial remission (67 vs. 35%). Age at diagnosis did not have a strong correlation with durationof remission (r = 0.26); however, none of the patients diagnosed at younger than 3.5 years of age had a remission phase, as defined by insulin-dose-adjusted HbA1c (n = 11). Children of < 3.5 years of age were also more likely to have diabetic ketoacidosis of moderate/severe grade at diagnosis than older children (P = 0.004) and this group were less likely to enter a partial remission phase [odds ratio 0.73 (95% CI 0.24–2.2)]. We conclude that the insulin-dose-adjustedHbA1c is a clinically practical tool and have now introduced a computer-based algorithm to our outpatient clinic to predict those patients in partial remission who will require a dose increase of insulin before the next review.Whether this results in a subsequent improved trajectory in HbA1c is under review.
On the Real Moment Map

This paper presents an extension of a theorem, due to Ness ([5], Theorem 6.2), to the case of real group actions. Ness considers a continuous representation of a complex reductive group G on a complex finite-dimensional vector space V . If k is the Lie algebra of a maximal compact subgroup K of G and g = k ⊕ ik is the Lie algebra of G, then upon fixing a K-invariant Hermitian inner product on V , a map m : CP(V ) −→ ik is defined as follows: for β ∈ ik and v ∈ V representing x ∈ CP(V ), 〈m(x), β〉 =def (βv,v) ‖v‖2 . Fix an AdK-invariant inner product on ik , and let ‖m‖2 denote the squared norm of m, ‖m‖2 : CP(V ) −→ R, ‖m‖2(x) = ‖m(x)‖2. Ness’s result concerns the critical points of ‖m‖2, and it states that 1. If x is a critical point of ‖m‖2, then ‖m‖2∣ Gx achieves a minimum at x. 2. If nonempty, the critical set of ‖m‖2 contained in a G-orbit Gx consists exactly of a K-orbit, and is in particular connected.
HYDRAULIC TRANSIENT EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN A COPPER PIPE

Water hammer is generated when a change of the flow occurs, causing fluid particles to rapidly accelerate and to decelerate. This paper presents the results of measurements carried out in an experimental laboratory pipe-rig, confirming that the classic water hammer theory does not apply in the presence of cavitating flow. The research also shows the steady and dynamic behaviour of the system due to the valve closure.
De novo prediction of polypeptide conformations using dihedral probability grid Monte Carlo methodology

We tested the dihedral probability grid Monte Carlo (DPG‐MC) methodology to determine optimal conformations of polypeptides by applying it to predict the low energy ensemble for two peptides whose solution NMR structures are known: integrin receptor peptide (YGRGDSP, Type II β‐turn) and S3 α‐helical peptide (YMSEDELKAAEAAFKRHGPT).
Molecular serotyping and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolated from pigs in South Korea

ABSTRACT Background: Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) causes porcine pleuropneumonia (PP). Objective: Serotypes and antimicrobial resistance patterns in APP isolates from pigs in Korea were examined. Methods: Sixty-five APP isolates were genetically serotyped using standard and multiplex PCR (polymerase chain reaction). Antimicrobial susceptibilities were tested using the standardized disk-agar method. PCR was used to detect β-lactam, gentamicin and tetracycline-resistance genes. The random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) patterns were determined by PCR. Results: Korean pigs predominantly carried APP serotypes 1 and 5. Among 65 isolates, one isolate was sensitive to all 12 antimicrobials tested in this study. Sixty-two isolates was resistant to tetracycline and 53 isolates carried one or five genes including tet(B), tet(A), tet(H), tet(M)/tet(O), tet(C), tet(G) and/or tet(L)-1 markers. Among 64 strains, 9% and 26.6% were resistance to 10 and three or more antimicrobials, respectively. Thirteen different antimicrobial resistance patterns were observed and RAPD analysis revealed a separation of the isolates into two clusters: cluster II (6 strains resistant to 10 antimicrobials) and cluster I (the other 59 strains). Conclusion: Results show that APP serotypes 1 and 5 are the most common in Korea, and multi-drug resistant strains are prevalent. RAPD analysis demonstrated that six isolates resistant to 10 antimicrobials belonged to the same cluster.
Analysis and Design of a Multistage CMOS Band-Pass Low-Noise Preamplifier for Ultrawideband RF Receiver

A CMOS low-noise preamplifier for application in a 3.1-10.6-GHz ultrawideband radio-frequency (RF) receiver system is presented. This is essentially a wideband-pass multistage RF preamplifier using a cascade of a three-segment band-pass LC ¿ -section filter with a common-gate stage as the front end. Fundamental design analysis in terms of gain, bandwidth, noise, and impedance matching for the amplifier is presented in detail. The preamplifier was fabricated using the low-cost TSMC 0.18-¿m 6M1P CMOS process technology. The amplifier delivered a buffered power gain (S 21) of ¿ 14 dB with a -3-dB bandwidth (between the corner frequencies) of around 7.5 GHz. It consumed around 30 mW from a 2.5-V supply voltage. It had a minimum passband noise figure of around 4.7 dB, an input-referred third-order intercept point of -5.3 dBm, and reverse isolation (S 12) under -65 dB.
Surveillance Endomyocardial Biopsy in the Modern Era Produces Low Diagnostic Yield for Cardiac Allograft Rejection

Background The changing epidemiology of cardiac allograft rejection has prompted many to question the yield of surveillance endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) in heart transplantation (HT) patients. We sought to determine the yield of EMB in the modern era. Methods We evaluated 2597 EMBs in 182 consecutive HT patients who survived to their first EMB. The EMBs were categorized as asymptomatic or clinically driven and were compared based on era of antiproliferative therapy use at our center (early azathioprine era: 1990–2000 vs modern mycophenolate era: 2000–2011). Results In the modern era, patients had a higher prevalence of risk factors for developing rejection (≥ International Society of Heart and Lung Transplantation grade 2R); however, the frequency of rejection was decreased at all times (0–6 months: 60.2% vs 21.5%, P < 0.001, 6–12 months: 26.8% vs 1.8%, P < 0.001, 12–36 months: 32.3% vs 10.5%, P = 0.006). The yield of asymptomatic EMB decreased in the modern era between 0 and 6 months (10.9% vs 3.12%), 6 to 12 months (17% vs 0%), and years 2 to 3 (6.1% vs 1.5%). In the early era, the odds ratio of rejection during asymptomatic EMB compared to a clinically driven EMB was 0.47 (95% confidence interval, 0.31–0.71) and was decreased in the modern era (0.17 [0.07–0.42], P = 0.04). The probability of detecting rejection on asymptomatic EMB was significantly reduced in the modern era, even after adjustment for tacrolimus and induction therapy (1% vs 8%, P < 0.001). Conclusions The clinical yield of surveillance EMB has decreased in the modern era. The EMB in asymptomatic patients longer than 6 months after HT warrants further scrutiny.
Relationship between lutein and mycotoxin content in durum wheat

Levels of lutein and a number of mycotoxins were determined in seven varieties of durum wheat (Triticum durum) and two varieties of common wheat (Triticum aestivum) in order to explore possible relationships amongst these components. Durum wheat cultivars always showed both higher lutein and mycotoxin contents than common wheat cultivars. The mycotoxins detected in both common and durum wheat cultivars were produced by the genera Fusarium, Claviceps, Alternaria and Aspergillus. Fusarium was the major producer of mycotoxins (26 mycotoxins) followed by Claviceps (14 mycotoxins), which was present only in some cultivars such as Chevalier (common wheat), Lupidur and Selyemdur (both durum wheat), Alternaria (six mycotoxins) and Aspergillus (three mycotoxins). Positive correlations between the levels of lutein and mycotoxins in durum wheat cultivars were found for the following mycotoxins: deoxynivalenol (DON), its derivative DON-3-glucoside, moniliformin, culmorin and its derivatives (5-hydroxyculmorin and 15-hydroxyculmorin).
Benchmarking Feed-Forward Neural Networks: Models and Measures

Existing metrics for the learning performance of feed-forward neural networks do not provide a satisfactory basis for comparison because the choice of the training epoch limit can determine the results of the comparison. I propose new metrics which have the desirable property of being independent of the training epoch limit. The efficiency measures the yield of correct networks in proportion to the training effort expended. The optimal epoch limit provides the greatest efficiency. The learning performance is modelled statistically, and asymptotic performance is estimated. Implementation details may be found in (Hamey, 1992).
Structural Insights into the Down-regulation of Overexpressed p185her2/neu Protein of Transformed Cells by the Antibody chA21*

p185her2/neu belongs to the ErbB receptor tyrosine kinase family, which has been associated with human breast, ovarian, and lung cancers. Targeted therapies employing ectodomain-specific p185her2/neu monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have demonstrated clinical efficacy for breast cancer. Our previous studies have shown that p185her2/neu mAbs are able to disable the kinase activity of homomeric and heteromeric kinase complexes and induce the conversion of the malignant to normal phenotype. We previously developed a chimeric antibody chA21 that specifically inhibits the growth of p185her2/neu-overexpressing cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Herein, we report the crystal structure of the single-chain Fv of chA21 in complex with an N-terminal fragment of p185her2/neu, which reveals that chA21 binds a region opposite to the dimerization interface, indicating that chA21 does not directly disrupt the dimerization. In contrast, the bivalent chA21 leads to internalization and down-regulation of p185her2/neu. We propose a structure-based model in which chA21 cross-links two p185her2/neu molecules on separate homo- or heterodimers to form a large oligomer in the cell membrane. This model reveals a mechanism for mAbs to drive the receptors into the internalization/degradation path from the inactive hypophosphorylated tetramers formed dynamically by active dimers during a “physiologic process. ”
Realtime performance-based facial animation

This paper presents a system for performance-based character animation that enables any user to control the facial expressions of a digital avatar in realtime. The user is recorded in a natural environment using a non-intrusive, commercially available 3D sensor. The simplicity of this acquisition device comes at the cost of high noise levels in the acquired data. To effectively map low-quality 2D images and 3D depth maps to realistic facial expressions, we introduce a novel face tracking algorithm that combines geometry and texture registration with pre-recorded animation priors in a single optimization. Formulated as a maximum a posteriori estimation in a reduced parameter space, our method implicitly exploits temporal coherence to stabilize the tracking. We demonstrate that compelling 3D facial dynamics can be reconstructed in realtime without the use of face markers, intrusive lighting, or complex scanning hardware. This makes our system easy to deploy and facilitates a range of new applications, e.g. in digital gameplay or social interactions.
Small colony variants of Staphylococcus aureus reveal distinct protein profiles

Small‐colony variants (SCVs) of Staphylococcus aureus represent a slow‐growing subpopulation causing chronic and relapsing infections due to their physiological adaptation on an intracellular lifestyle. In this first proteomic study on physiological changes associated with a natural, clinically derived SCV, its proteomic profile was investigated in comparison to corresponding isogenic strains displaying normal (clinical wild‐type strain, complemented hemB mutant and spontaneous revertant of the clinical SCV) and SCV phenotypes (hemB mutant and gentamicin‐induced SCV). Applying an ultra‐high resolution chromatography and high mass accuracy MSE‐based label‐free relative and absolute protein quantification approach, the whole cytoplasmic proteome of this strain sextet was investigated in a growth phase‐controlled manner covering early‐exponential, late‐exponential and stationary phases. Of 1019 cytoplasmic proteins identified, 154 were found to be differently regulated between strains. All SCV phenotypes showed down‐regulation of the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle‐related proteins and of a protein cluster involved in purine/pyrimidine and folate metabolism. In contrast to hemB mutant and gentamicin‐induced SCVs, the clinically derived SCVs showed no prominent up‐regulation of glycolytic proteins. The spontaneous switch into the normal phenotype resulted in up‐regulation of TCA cycle‐related parts, while oxidative stress‐related proteins were down‐regulated. However, the natural revertant from the clinical SCV retained also dominant protein features of the clinical SCV phenotype. In conclusion, physiological changes between normal and SCV S. aureus phenotypes are more complex than reflected by defined electron transport chain‐interrupting mutants and their complemented counterparts.
Silver(I)-Mediated Cytosine Self-Pairing is Preferred Over Hoogsteen-Type Base Pairs with the Artificial Nucleobase 1,3-Dideaza-6-Nitropurine

A 2′-deoxyribonucleoside containing 1,3-dideaza-6-nitropurine was synthesized and incorporated into oligonucleotides. The acid-base properties of this nucleoside and the corresponding N9-methylated derivative were investigated by pD-dependent 1H NMR spectroscopy. A possible formation of Hoogsteen-type base pairs with cytosine was studied by ultraviolet (UV) and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy in the presence and absence of Ag(I) and under neutral and acidic conditions, respectively. In each case, no indication for the formation of Hoogsteen-type base pairs was obtained, which is attributed to the higher affinity of cytosine to form self-complementary hemi-protonated base pairs under acidic conditions and metal-mediated homo base pairs in presence of Ag(I), respectively.