Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of health education on awareness about oral cancer and oral self-examination

CONTEXT: Oral cancer is preceded by visible changes in the oral mucosa. These lesions can be detected by oral self-examination, but awareness about oral cancer is still low in developing countries. AIM: To evaluate the effect of health education on awareness about oral cancer and oral self-examination. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Quasi-experimental trial was conducted in an urban resettlement colony of Chandigarh, India. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A brochure having information and pictorials on oral lesions was used for conducting health education sessions on a one-to-one basis in the household setting among 85 males in age group 15–59 years during 2013, and each participant was encouraged to perform an oral self-examination. Study participants were interviewed about their awareness on oral cancer and oral self-examination before- and after-health education using a pretested interview schedule. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Awareness items were scored, and mean change in awareness score was computed. Paired t-test was used for testing statistical significance. RESULTS: Thirty-three percent of the study participants were current smokers, 25% consumed alcohol, and 9.4% chewed tobacco. The awareness scores after health education increased significantly from 5.3 to 6.7 (P < 0.05), and 34% of the tobacco or alcohol users expressed their intention to quit these habits, and two persons actually quit tobacco chewing. Out of the 77 study participants who performed oral self-examination, nine were able to detect lesions, and one was found to have submucous fibrosis. CONCLUSIONS: Health education intervention was able to initiate a favorable behavior change in the community. Hence, oral self-examination programs should be promoted.
Pancreatic fistula after a pancreaticoduodenectomy for ductal adenocarcinoma and its association with morbidity: a multicentre study of the French Surgical Association.

BACKGROUNDS A pancreatic fistula (PF) is the most relevant complication after a pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD). This retrospective multicentric study attempts to elucidate the risk factors and complications of a PF in a large cohort of patients undergoing a PD for ductal adenocarcinoma. METHODS Using a survey tool, clinical data of 1325 patients undergoing a PD for ductal adenocarcinoma at 37 institutions, between January 2004 and December 2009, were collected. Peri-operative risk factors associated with PF and its association with morbidity and mortality were assessed. Morbidity and PF were graded according to the ISGPF (International Study group for pancreatic fistula) definition and the Dindo-Clavien classification. RESULTS Overall PF, mortality, morbidity and relaparotomy rates were 14.3%, 3.8%, 54.4% and 11.7%, respectively. PF occurred more frequently after a pancreaticojejunostomy (PJ) compared with a pancreaticogastrostomy (PG) (16.8% vs. 10.4%; P = 0.0012). Independent risk factors for PF by multivariate analysis were absence of pre-operative diabetes (P = 0.0014), PJ reconstruction (P = 0.0035), soft pancreatic parenchyma (P < 0.0001) and low-volume centre (P = 0.0286). Clinically relevant PF (grade B and C) and severe complications (Dindo-Clavien grade IIIB, IV, V) were significantly more frequent after PJ than PG (71.6% vs. 28.3%; P = 0.030 and 24.8% vs. 19.1%; P = 0.015, respectively). Overall mortality and relaparotomy rates were similar after PG and PJ. CONCLUSIONS A soft pancreatic parenchyma, the absence of pre-operative diabetes, PJ and low-volume centre are independent risk factors for PF after PD for ductal adenocarcinoma. A significantly higher incidence and clinical severity of PF are associated with PJ.
The effects of innovativeness on effectiveness and efficiency

Purpose – Whilst researchers have explored the relationship between innovativeness and business performance in different organizations, such studies in services such as restaurants are scarce. The purpose of this paper is to examine potential influences of innovativeness on effectiveness and efficiency and their subsequent effects on restaurant business performance.Design/methodology/approach – Data for this study were collected through personal interviews from 211 Iranian restaurants to examine the interrelationships between innovativeness, effectiveness and efficiency as well as service business performance dimensions (i.e. profit goal achievement, sales goal achievement and return on investment achievement). Findings – The findings provide a fresh insight by exploring innovativeness, effectiveness and efficiency and how these determinants affect the business performance of restaurants.Research limitations/implications – This study is limited to Iranian restaurants in a cross sectional manner, using self.
Arthroscopic-Assisted Treatment of a Reversed Hill-Sachs Lesion: Description of a New Technique Using Cerament

Purpose. Impaction fractures of the anterior aspect of the humeral head, the reversed Hill-Sachs lesion, are common in posterior shoulder dislocation. We present a new technique to address these lesions arthroscopic-assisted with the use of a bone substitute. Methods. We report the case of a 45-year-old male with a reversed Hill-Sachs lesion after posterior shoulder dislocation. Initially a glenohumeral arthroscopy is performed to address concomitant intra-articular injuries. Guided by the k-wire a cannulated sizer was inserted for reduction of the fracture under arthroscopic visualization. For reduction of the impacted part of the humeral head the subcortical defect was filled with an injectable bone substitute (Cerament) to prevent secondary dislocation. Results. X-ray at follow-up 6 months after the index procedure documents the bony remodeling of the bone substitute. At that time the patient was pain-free (VAS 0) and satisfied with the outcome (Constant score: 78, Rand-36 score: 84, Rowe score: 81) with a good ROM. Conclusions. In conclusion, arthroscopic-assisted reconstruction of reversed Hill-Sachs lesions with an injectable bone substitute is feasible and may provide patients with all the benefits of an anatomic reconstruction with decreased risks related to open surgery.
A theoretical framework for the regulation of Shh morphogen-controlled gene expression

How morphogen gradients govern the pattern of gene expression in developing tissues is not well understood. Here, we describe a statistical thermodynamic model of gene regulation that combines the activity of a morphogen with the transcriptional network it controls. Using Sonic hedgehog (Shh) patterning of the ventral neural tube as an example, we show that the framework can be used together with the principled parameter selection technique of approximate Bayesian computation to obtain a dynamical model that accurately predicts tissue patterning. The analysis indicates that, for each target gene regulated by Gli, which is the transcriptional effector of Shh signalling, there is a neutral point in the gradient, either side of which altering the Gli binding affinity has opposite effects on gene expression. This explains recent counterintuitive experimental observations. The approach is broadly applicable and provides a unifying framework to explain the temporospatial pattern of morphogen-regulated gene expression.
A Conditioned Attitude Model of Individual Discriminatory Behavior

In this paper I present a model of individual-level discrimination that is consistent with the majority of mainstream sociological and psychological theories of discrimination and that reconciles many of the opposing views, to create a fuller and more realistic picture of the complex phenomenon of discrimination. The mechanism that determines whether discrimination occurs and what form it takes consists of three stages. First, an individual uses his or her information set to derive beliefs about a group or an evaluation of its characteristics. Then he or she combines these preexisting beliefs with any new information input received to form an attitude which signifies the degree of hostility or a favorable attitude toward the group members at any particular point in time. Finally, he or she weighs the internal benefits of discrimination against external consequences of such an action and chooses the perceived optimal form of behavior. Based on the predictions of the model, I propose several general policy recommendations for the reduction of discriminatory behavior in leisure settings.
Impact of performance appraisal justice on employee engagement: a study of Indian professionals

Purpose – Performance appraisal is one of the most important human resource management practices as it yields critical decisions integral to various human resource actions and outcomes. The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between perceptions of performance appraisal fairness and employee engagement in the Indian business context.Design/methodology/approach – The study was conducted in two parts. The first part explored the relationship between justice perceptions and a one‐dimensional conceptualization of engagement. The second part explored the relationship between justice perceptions and a three‐dimensional conceptualization of engagement. The relationships between justice perceptions and engagement were analyzed using zero‐order correlations and hierarchical regression analysis.Findings – The study findings suggest a significant positive association between distributive and informational justice dimensions and employee engagement. Distributive justice and informational justice dime.
Approach-Avoidance Motivation and the Use of Affect as Information

Individuals often rely on their affect for information. However, positive or negative affect may not be informative for individuals who are more prone to feel affect of this particular valence in general, unless they chronically monitor their internal states. A series of studies demonstrates that differences in individuals' internal versus external focus of attention and in trait affective valence associated with their approach versus avoidance motivation determine reliance on affect as information. Specifically, our findings show that while positive affect is used as input in product satisfaction judgments regardless of individuals' approach versus avoidance motivation, negative affect is used only by individuals with a predominant approach motivation.
Thermodynamic control of tropical cyclogenesis in environments of radiative‐convective equilibrium with shear

The potential for tropical cyclone formation from a pre‐existing disturbance is further explored with high‐resolution simulations of cyclogenesis in idealized, tropical environments. These idealized environments are generated from simulations of radiative‐convective equilibrium with fixed sea‐surface temperatures (SSTs), imposed mean surface winds, and an imposed profile of vertical wind shear. The propensity for tropical cyclogenesis in these environments is measured in two ways: first, in the period of time required for a weak, mid‐level circulation to transition to a developing tropical cyclone; and second, from the value of an incubation parameter that incorporates environmental measures of mid‐level saturation deficit and thermodynamic disequilibrium between the atmosphere and ocean. Conditions of tropospheric warming can be produced from increased SSTs or from increased mean surface winds; in either case, the time to genesis increases with atmospheric warming. As these parameters are varied, the incubation parameter is found to be highly correlated with changes in the time to genesis.
A hybrid multiple exposure image fusion approach for HDR image synthesis

The latest advancement in imaging applications has increased the need for more High Definition Range (HDR) imaging, which is not easily attainable by common imaging sensors. However, the use of multiple exposure images, that cover multiple exposure settings for the captured scene, and their combination in a single image via image fusion has been proposed in the literature and seems a viable solution. In this paper, the authors combine two image fusion methods to perform multiple exposure fusion. They use Mitianoudis and Stathaki [1] method to fuse the luminance channel and the Mertens et al [2] method to fuse the color channels. The derived fusion output outperforms both individual methods and other state-of-the-art methods.
Validierung und Normierung des „Fragebogen zur Erfassung des körperlichen Wohlbefindens” (FEW-16) von Kolip und Schmidt an einer repräsentativen deutschen Bevölkerungsstichprobe

The "Questionnaire for Assessing Subjective Physical Well-Being" by Kolip and Schmidt is examined using data drawn from a nationally representative survey of 573 former East and 1900 former West Germans. In this non-clinical sample the construct "subjective physical well-being" assessed by the "Questionnaire for Assessing Subjective Physical Well-Being" seems to have just one dimension. As women and probands with growing age score lower for "subjective physical well-being" a differentiated standardization was done for gender and age. Connections between "subjective physical well-being" and body-image assessed by the "Body Image Questionnaire" (FKB-20), quality of life ("EURO-HIS-QOL"), and questions for concerns about financial situation, family and health give hints for validity of the questionnaire.
Convection Heat Transfer and Flow Calculations Suitable for Electric Machines Thermal Models

This paper deals with the formulations used to predict convection cooling and flow in electric machines. Empirical dimensionless analysis formulations are used to calculate convection heat transfer. The particular formulation used is selected to match the geometry of the surface under consideration and the cooling type used. Flow network analysis, which is used to study the ventilation inside the machine, is also presented. In order to focus the discussion using examples, a commercial software package dedicated to motor cooling optimization (Motor-CAD) is considered. This paper provides guidelines for choosing suitable thermal and flow network formulations and setting any calibration parameters used. It may also be considered a reference paper that brings together useful heat transfer and flow formulations that can be successfully applied to thermal analysis of electrical machines.
Vowel Production in Winnipeg

Abstract General properties of the Canadian English vowel space are derived from an experimental-acoustic study of vowel production underway in Winnipeg, Manitoba. Comparing the preliminary Winnipeg results with similar data from General American English confirms previously described generalizations for Canadian English: the merger of low-back vowels, the relative retraction of /æ/, and the relative advancement of /u/ and /Ʊ/. However, a similar comparison of the Winnipeg sample with comparable Southern California data disputes the accuracy of the claim that Canadian Shift (Clarke et al. 1995) is a feature of ‘general’ Canadian and Californian English. An acoustic analysis uncovers subtle phonetic distinctions that make possible a more precise characterization of Canadian Raising: rather than only adjusting the height of the nucleus, Winnipeg speakers produce a directional shift in both the nucleus and offglide of the diphthongs /aɪ, aƱ/; this process applies to all three diphthongs (including /oɪ/).
Effects of perceived etiology attribution similarity on client ratings of counselor credibility

An experimental design was used to test the hypothesis that clients who perceived their counselors as holding etiology attributions similar to their own would rate their counselors' credibility higher than clients who perceived their counselors as holding dissimilar attributions. Forty undergraduate volunteers participated as clients in counseling role-plays with 11 graduate student counselors. At the end of the 3-session counseling analogue experience, each client was exposed to a mock counselor questionnaire on which the counselor's etiology attributions were manipulated to either agree or disagree with the client's etiology attributions. Results indicated that clients in the similarity of etiology attribution condition rated their counselors to be more credible sources of help than did clients in the dissimilarity of etiology attribution condition.
Engaging the Adult Learner: Creating Effective Library Instruction

Adult learners have unique developmental and social characteristics as compared to their traditional counterparts in higher education. Library instruction models used for traditional learners are not always effective when teaching adults. The author examines adult learner characteristics and adult learning theory and also uses personal professional experiences to suggest ways in which librarians can create more pedagogically effective and meaningful instruction. Eckerd College's Program for Experienced Learners serves as the model for this examination.
Attachment Anxiety and Avoidance in Coping with Bereavement: Two Studies

Although attachment theory has become one of the primary paradigms for understanding bereavement adaptation, there has been surprisingly little empirical work on this topic. Two studies investigated the role of attachment in coping with the loss of a loved one. Study 1 examined the unique contribution of attachment anxiety and avoidance in prolonged grief symptomatology (PCS) in a sample of 656 recently bereaved young adults. When accounting for demographic factors (age, ethnicity, gender) and loss-related circumstances (relationship to deceased, violent versus natural loss), higher levels of attachment-related anxiety were associated with more PCS but avoidance failed to produce a unique effect. Study 2 investigated the role of attachment insecurities in the context of violent death bereavement. Participants were grouped by those who experienced a violent loss in the past two years (accident, suicide, homicide; n = 191) and a matched control group who had not experienced a loss (n = 191). Individuals wit.
Comparison of original EuroSCORE, EuroSCORE II and STS risk models in a Turkish cardiac surgical cohort.

OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare additive and logistic European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE), EuroSCORE II and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) models in calculating mortality risk in a Turkish cardiac surgical population. METHODS The current patient population consisted of 428 patients who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) between 2004 and 2012, extracted from the TurkoSCORE database. Observed and predicted mortalities were compared for the additive/logistic EuroSCORE, EuroSCORE II and STS risk calculator. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) values were calculated for these models to compare predictive power. RESULTS The mean patient age was 74.5 ± 3.9 years at the time of surgery, and 35.0% were female. For the entire cohort, actual hospital mortality was 7.9% (n = 34; 95% confidence interval [CI] 5.4-10.5). However, the additive EuroSCORE-predicted mortality was 6.4% (P = 0.23 vs observed; 95% CI 6.2-6.6), logistic EuroSCORE-predicted mortality was 7.9% (P = 0.98 vs observed; 95% CI 7.3-8.6), EuroSCORE II- predicted mortality was 1.7% (P = 0.00 vs observed; 95% CI 1.6-1.8) and STS predicted mortality was 5.8% (P = 0.10 vs observed; 95% CI 5.4-6.2). The mean predictive performance of the analysed models for the entire cohort was fair, with 0.7 (95% CI 0.60-0.79). AUC values for additive EuroSCORE, logistic EuroSCORE, EuroSCORE II and STS risk calculator were 0.70 (95% CI 0.60-0.79), 0.70 (95% CI 0.59-0.80), 0.72 (95% CI 0.62-0.81) and 0.62 (95% CI 0.51-0.73), respectively. CONCLUSIONS EuroSCORE II significantly underestimated mortality risk for Turkish cardiac patients, whereas additive and logistic EuroSCORE and STS risk calculators were well calibrated.
Minimizing Radiation Exposure from Patients Treated with Iodine-131 for Hyperthyroidism Using a Lead Collar: A Simple and Effective Approach

Objective: To construct a lead collar useful for shielding the electromagnetic radiation from the thyroid of patients treated with radioiodine 131I for hyperthyroidism, thereby reducing the radiation emitted from these patients. Materials and Methods: A specially designed cervical lead collar was used to shield radiation exposure from ‘hot thyroids’ of 20 patients treated with iodine-131 for hyperthyroidism. The collar was made of lead strips stacked together around a plastic neck support fastened around the patient’s neck. Measurements of the radiation exposure rate were obtained at increasing distances from the patients (50, 100, 200 cm), with and without the lead collar, at various times after 131I treatment. Results: Radiation exposure measurements over 3 weeks showed relatively high exposure rates in the first week after treatment. The radiation exposure from the patients wearing the lead collar was half that found in the same patients not wearing the collar. Conclusion: The use of the lead collar significantly reduced the radiation exposure of patients’ surroundings. It was particularly useful in patients who could not abide strictly to the standard restrictive protocols after treatment with 131I.
The Effect of Upward Feedback on Managerial Behavior

Upward feedback from subordinates was provided to Australian managers in an international professional services firm. The job performance of the managers in this quasi-experimental study was observed by subordinates to be significantly higher six months later, compared to both initial performance and subordinate ratings of a comparison group. Self-efficacy moderated this finding, suggesting that it plays a key role in determining behavioral reactions to upward feedback. The managers' learning goal orientation correlated significantly with their subsequent performance.
Impacts of Recent Warming and the 2015/2016 El Niño on Tropical Peruvian Ice Fields

Data collected between 1974 and 2016 from snow pits and core samples from two Peruvian ice fields demonstrate the effect of the recent warming over the tropical Andes, augmented by El Niño, on the preservation of the climate record. As the 0°C isotherm is approaching the summit of the Quelccaya ice cap in the Andes of southern Peru (5,670 meters above sea level (masl)), the distinctive seasonal δ18O oscillations in the fresh snow deposited within each thermal year are attenuated at depth due to melting and percolation through the firn. This has become increasingly pronounced over 43 years. In the Andes of northern Peru, the ice field on the col of Nevado Huascarán (6050 masl) has retained its seasonal δ18O variations at depth due to its higher elevation. During the 2015/2016 El Niño, snow on Quelccaya and Huascarán was isotopically (δ18O) enriched and the net sum of accumulation over the previous year (NSA) was below the mean for non–El Niño years, particularly on Quelccaya (up to 64% below the mean) which was more pronounced than the NSA decrease during the comparable 1982/1983 El Niño. Interannual large‐scale oceanic and middle to upper‐level atmospheric temperatures influence δ18O in precipitation on both ice fields, although the influences are variably affected by strong El Niño–Southern Oscillation events, especially on Quelccaya. The rate of ice wastage along Quelccaya's margin was dramatically higher during 2015/2016 compared with that of the previous 15 years, suggesting that warming from future El Niños may accelerate mass loss on Peruvian glaciers.