Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Does Workplace Helping Behavior Step Up or Slack Off? Integrating Enrichment-Based and Depletion-Based Perspectives

Although helping behavior at work is widely studied, little is known about the processes via which help providers increase or decrease their helping behavior. In the current research, we integrated both enrichment-based and depletion-based perspectives on helping with Kahn’s psychological conditions for engagement to offer more comprehensive understanding of how helping behavior may change. Specifically, based on Kahn’s model, we simultaneously consider the beneficial effects of helping on help providers’ psychological meaningfulness and psychological safety along with the detrimental effects of helping on help providers’ psychological resource availability in order to uncover the differential processes through which helping behavior may change. To test our theoretical model, we collected data from a sample of 375 employees using a three-wave time-lagged design. Supporting the enrichment-based perspective, our results demonstrated that employees’ helping behavior was positively related to increases in their psychological meaningfulness and psychological safety. Supporting the depletion-based perspective, results showed that helping behavior was also positively related to increases in emotional exhaustion, an indicator of psychological resource availability. Whereas psychological meaningfulness and psychological safety were, in turn, positively related to increases in job involvement, emotional exhaustion was negatively related to increases in job involvement. Finally, job involvement was positively related to subsequent increases in employee helping behavior. We discuss the implications of our findings for both theories and practices.
Characterization of Pinus ectomycorrhizas from mixed conifer and pygmy forests using morphotyping and molecular methods

We used morphotyping and molecular methods to characterize ectomycorrhizas of bishop pine (Pinus muricata D. Don) and Bolander pine (Pinus contorta ssp. bolanderi (Parl.) Critchf. ) from mixed conifer and hydric pygmy forests on the northern California coast. Sixteen ectomycorrhizal morphotypes were described, producing 15 in- ternal transcribed spacer restriction fragment length polymorphism (ITS-RFLP) types, and 12 were identified via ITS sequencing. From a given site, all root tips of a specific morphotype produced identical ITS-RFLP patterns. However, sometimes two morphotypes produced the same ITS-RFLP type, and sometimes samples of the same morphotype from two different sites produced two different ITS-RFLP types. These results indicate that surveys of ectomycorrhizal fungi based on morphology alone are not sufficient, and that grouping morphotypes prior to molecular analysis can expedite the process. Ectomycorrhizas from mixed conifer included Russuloid sp. , Tomentella sublilacina (Ellis & Holw.) Wakef. , Tuber sp. , and two Thelephoroid species. Ectomycorrhizas from hydric pygmy included two Dermocybe spp. , a Cortinarius sp. , two Thelephoroid spp. , and Suillus tomentosus (Kauffman) Singer. Both plant communities contained Cenococcum geophilumFr. :Fr. The hydric pygmy sites were more similar to each other than to the mixed conifer site (Jaccard similarity). The presence of ectomycorrhizal taxa in one plant community type may reflect biotic (host speci- ficity) or abiotic (soil fertility or hydrology) adaptation.
Fast In-Memory XPath Search over Compressed Text and Tree Indexes

A large fraction of an XML document typically consists of text data. The XPath query language allows text search via the equal, contains, and starts-with predicates. Such predicates can efficiently be implemented using a compressed self-index of the document's text nodes. Most queries, however, contain some parts of querying the text of the document, plus some parts of querying the tree structure. It is therefore a challenge to choose an appropriate evaluation order for a given query, which optimally leverages the execution speeds of the text and tree indexes. Here the SXSI system is introduced; it stores the tree structure of an XML document using a bit array of opening and closing brackets, and stores the text nodes of the document using a global compressed self-index. On top of these indexes sits an XPath query engine that is based on tree automata. The engine uses fast counting queries of the text index in order to dynamically determine whether to evaluate top-down or bottom-up with respect to the tree structure. The resulting system has several advantages over existing systems: (1) on pure tree queries (without text search) such as the XPathMark queries, the SXSI system performs on par or better than the fastest known systems MonetDB and Qizx, (2) on queries that use text search, SXSI outperforms the existing systems by 1--3 orders of magnitude (depending on the size of the result set), and (3) with respect to memory consumption, SXSI outperforms all other systems for counting-only queries.
The Effect of Cooperative Learning Model on Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) Type and Reading Habits of Exposition Text Writing Skills

This study was an experimental research which aimed at identifying the effect of implementation of Student Team Achievement Division (STAD) and reading habits of exposition text writing skills. This research is using quantitative method with a 2x2 factorial experimental design. The study population was tenth-grade students at SMA Negeri 6 Padang. Data were collected through questionnaires and writing-skill tests towards text exposition. Based on the research, the cooperative learning model for STAD shows better results in enhancing the writing skills than the ones who were taught with conventional learning model. Keywords-influence; STAD; conventional learning model, exposition
Journal of Internet Banking and Commerce an Empirical Investigation of Internet Banking Service Quality, Corporate Image and the Impact on Customer Satisfaction; with Special Reference to Sri Lankan Banking Sector

research interests are the impact of internet banking service quality, Corporate Image on Customer Satisfaction. Abstract Technology advancement has modified fundamentals of marketing theories, particularly the banking sector. Internet Banking has emerged as the most critical form of customer interaction, encompassing the structural changes required by the banks to compete within the financial markets. With the emergence of digital channels, banks are confronted with margin pressures and intense competition. In addition the customer's quest for personalized services has intensified with the implementing of internet banking. Service quality is a prerequisite for customer satisfaction and in a virtual environment the task becomes even more challenging to banks. Despite the explosive growth in internet banking globally, some countries still lag behind the implementation process. Security concerns persist as a salient feature and may be detrimental for the growth of the internet banking. In sequence with prior studies conducted in other countries, Corporate Image is envisioning as a control dimension of Service quality. The present study explores the decipherable antecedents of Customer satisfaction and the deviation
Analytical model for predicting noise and vibration in permanent magnet synchronous motors

This paper analyzes the noise and vibration in permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM). Electromagnetic forces have been identified as the main cause of noise and vibration in these machines rather than the torque ripple and cogging torque. A procedure for calculating the magnetic forces on the stator teeth based on the 2D finite element (FE) method is presented first. An analytical model is then developed to predict the radial displacement along the stator teeth. The displacement calculations from analytical model are validated with structural FEA and experimental data. Finally, the radial displacement is converted into sound power level. Four different PMSM topologies suitable for electric power steering application are compared for their performances with regards to noise and vibration.
Powerful CEOs and Their Impact on Corporate Performance

Executives can only impact firm outcomes if they have influence over crucial decisions. Based on this idea we develop and test the hypothesis that firms whose CEOs have more decision-making power should experience more variability in performance. We construct proxies for the CEO's power to influence decisions and show that stock returns are significantly more variable for firms run by powerful CEOs. We find similar results using alternative measures of performance. These findings suggest that the interaction between executive characteristics and organizational variables may have important consequences for firm performance.
Consumption, Housing Collateral and the Canadian Business Cycle

How important are collateral constraints for reproducing salient features of the data? To address this question, we estimate two nested versions of a New Keynesian model: one with collateralized household debt and the frictionless version of the same model. Both versions of the model are fit to Canadian data using Bayesian methods. We argue that the presence of collateral constraints improves the performance of the model in terms of overall goodness of fit. Housing collateral helps to generate a positive correlation between consumption and house prices. Moreover, housing collateral induced spillovers boosted consumption growth during the housing market boom-bust cycles of the late 1980s and early 2000s.
Impact of No Child Left Behind

Public education is experiencing increased demands to raise student performance on the standardized assessments used to measure a student''s, or school''s, targeted annual yearly progress score. This comparative quantitative study, based on Dewey''s theory of education, placed emphasis on student-centered learning, socialization, and the impact of the No Child Left Behind Act (NCLB). This study involved an analysis of whether or not a significant difference exists between the graduation, suspension, and expulsion rates from 2000-2001 and 2005-2006 in San Diego County and the review of the data and comments by a panel of teachers. A review of the literature found no studies that looked at suspension and expulsion rates and only 3 that looked at graduation rates before implementation of NCLB to after its implementation. The final conclusions, drawn after all data were analyzed and interpreted, revealed a significant decrease in graduation rates, a negative result, and no significant changes in suspension and expulsion rates from before to after the implementation of NCLB. This study provides no evidence of the effectiveness of NCLB.
Clinical Relevance and Diversity of Two Homologous Genes Encoding Glycosyltransferases in Helicobacter pylori

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori is known to be a major cause of peptic ulceration. The jhp0562 gene, encoding a glycosyltransferase involved in the synthesis of the lipopolysaccharide, was associated with peptic ulcer disease (PUD) in children. The β-(1,3)-galactosyltransferase [β-(1,3)GalT] gene (jhp0563), involved in Lewis (Le) antigen expression, is highly similar to jhp0562. The clinical significance and diversity of both genes were examined by PCR and sequencing of clinical strains (n = 117) isolated from children with PUD (n = 57) and nonulcer dyspepsia (NUD; n = 60). The prevalence of the jhp0562 gene was significantly higher in strains with a more-virulent profile (strains positive for the cag pathogenicity island [PAI], vacA sl allele, babA, homB, phase-variable gene oipA “on” [i.e., functional], and hopQ I allele). The distribution of genotypes according to clinical outcome showed that the presence of jhp0562 represented one of the greatest risks for the development of PUD. Moreover, the triple-positive genotype for the cag PAI, jhp0562, and homB provided the best discriminatory model for distinguishing PUD and NUD outcomes in children. Sequence and in vitro expression analyses of jhp0562 showed the presence of a complete open reading frame, while the β-(1,3)GalT gene was shown to be a phase-variable gene. The regular presence of jhp0562 in strains with a truncated β-(1,3)GalT gene suggests that jhp0562 may also be implicated in the regulation of Le antigen expression. Overall, the results of this study suggest that the jhp0562 gene is of great clinical relevance, being a useful comarker for severe H. pylori-related disease and contributing to host adaptation.
Empathy or antipathy? The impact of diversity

Mixing across racial and ethnic lines could spur understanding or inflame tensions between groups. We find that white students at a large state university randomly assigned African American roommates in their first year were more likely to endorse affirmative action and view a diverse student body as essential for a high-quality education. They were also more likely to say they have more personal contact with, and interact more comfortably with, members of minority groups. Although sample sizes are too small to provide definitive evidence, these results suggest students become more empathetic with the social groups to which their roommates belong.
Effect of exacerbations on quality of life in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a 2 year follow up study

Background: A study was undertaken to evaluate exacerbations and their impact on the health related quality of life (HRQL) of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods: A 2 year follow up study was performed in 336 patients with COPD of mean (SD) age 66 (8.2) years and mean (SD) forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) 33 (8)% predicted. Spirometric tests, questions regarding exacerbations of COPD, and HRQL measurements (St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ) and SF-12 Health Survey) were conducted at 6 month intervals. Results: A total of 1015 exacerbations were recorded, and 103 (30.7%) patients required at least one hospital admission during the study. After adjustment for baseline characteristics and season of assessment, frequent exacerbations had a negative effect on HRQL in patients with moderate COPD (FEV1 35–50% predicted); the change in SGRQ total score of moderate patients with ⩾3 exacerbations was almost two points per year greater (worse) than those with <3 exacerbations during the follow up (p = 0.042). For patients with severe COPD (FEV1 <35% predicted) exacerbations had no effect on HRQL. The change in SGRQ total score of patients admitted to hospital was almost 2 points per year greater (worse) than patients not admitted, but this effect failed to show statistical significance in any severity group. There was a significant and independent seasonal effect on HRQL since SGRQ total scores were, on average, 3 points better in measurements performed in spring/summer than in those measured in the winter (p<0.001). Conclusions: Frequent exacerbations significantly impair HRQL of patients with moderate COPD. A significant and independent effect of seasonality was also observed.
The nature of the Galactic Center source IRS 13 revealed by high spatial resolution in the infrared

High spatial resolution observations in the 1 to 3.5 μm region of the Galactic Center source known historically as IRS 13 are presented. They include ground-based adaptive optics images in the H, Kp (2.12/0.4 μm) and L bands, HST-NICMOS data in filters between 1.1 and 2.2 μm, and integral field spectroscopic data from BEAR, an Imaging FTS, in the 2.06 μm and the Brγ line regions. Analysis of all these data provides a completely new picture of the main component, IRS 13E, which appears as a cluster of seven individual stars within a projected diameter of ~0.5" (0.02 pc). The brightest sources, 13E1, 13E2, 13E3 which is detected as a binary, and 13E4, are all massive stars of different type. The star 13E1 is a luminous, blue object, with no detected emission line. 13E2 and 13E4 are two hot, high-mass emission line stars, 13E2 being at the WR stage and 13E4 a massive O-type star. In contrast, 13E3A and B are extremely red objects, proposed as other examples of dusty WR stars, like IRS 21 (Tanner et al. [CITE]). All these sources have a common westward proper motion (Ott et al. [CITE]) indicating they are bounded. Two other sources, detected after deconvolution of the AO images in the H and Kp bands, are also identified. One, that we call 13E5, is a red source similar to 13E3A and B, while the other one, 13E6, is probably a main sequence O star in front of the cluster. Considering this exceptional concentration of comoving massive hot stars, IRS 13E is proposed as the remaining core of a massive star cluster, which could harbor an intermediate-mass black hole (IMBH) (Portegies Zwart & McMillan [CITE]) of ~1300 M_⊙. This detection plays in favor of a scenario, first suggested by Gerhard ([CITE]), in which the helium stars and the other hot stars in the central parsec originate from the stripping of a massive cluster formed several tens of pc from the center. This cluster would have spiraled towards SgrA, and IRS 13E would be its remnant. Furthermore, IRS 13E might be the second black hole needed according to a model by Hansen & Milosavljevic ([CITE]) to drag massive main-sequence stars, in the required timescale, very close to the massive black hole. The detection of a discrete X-ray emission (Baganoff et al. [CITE]) at the IRS 13 position (within the positional accuracy) is examined in this context.
Treatment effects on brain activity during a working memory task in obstructive sleep apnea

Positive airway pressure (PAP) is the most common form of treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Treatment adherence is notoriously low, and holidays from treatment are common. To date, there is no literature on the effects of acute withdrawal from PAP treatment on the brain activity of individuals with OSA. Nine participants with OSA performed a 2‐Back verbal working memory paradigm during repeated functional magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI). Counterbalanced FMRI sessions were under conditions of PAP treatment (at least one consecutive week) or non‐treatment (for two consecutive nights). Treatment effects on 2‐Back‐related brain activity were significant, with greater deactivation in the right posterior insula and overactivation in the right inferior parietal lobule. The observed responses to PAP treatment withdrawal were more extreme in all regions of interest, such that 2‐Back‐related activity increased and 2‐Back‐related deactivation decreased further relative to the 0‐Back control task. The withdrawal of PAP treatment in effectively treated individuals with OSA might result in the need to reallocate resources in order to perform at the same cognitive level.
Soft Tissue Surgical Procedures for Optimizing Anterior Implant Esthetics

Implant dentistry has been established as a predictable treatment with excellent clinical success to replace missing or nonrestorable teeth. A successful esthetic implant reconstruction is predicated on two fundamental components: the reproduction of the natural tooth characteristics on the implant crown and the establishment of soft tissue housing that will simulate a healthy periodontium. In order for an implant to optimally rehabilitate esthetics, the peri-implant soft tissues must be preserved and/or augmented by means of periodontal surgical procedures. Clinicians who practice implant dentistry should strive to achieve an esthetically successful outcome beyond just osseointegration. Knowledge of a variety of available techniques and proper treatment planning enables the clinician to meet the ever-increasing esthetic demands as requested by patients. The purpose of this paper is to enhance the implant surgeon's rationale and techniques beyond that of simply placing a functional restoration in an edentulous site to a level whereby an implant-supported restoration is placed in reconstructed soft tissue, so the site is indiscernible from a natural tooth.
Nodes Deployment for Coverage in Rechargeable Wireless Sensor Networks

This paper considers a novel problem in rechargeable wireless sensor networks (WSNs), given a set of locations with one or more targets, determine the minimum number of sensor nodes to deploy in order to ensure a given coverage quality. This problem is significant as sensor nodes are often used to monitor one or more valuable assets or critical infrastructure. We formulate the problem as an integer linear program (ILP) and use it to compute the minimum number of sensor nodes required to monitor targets in small-scale WSNs. For large-scale WSNs, we relax the integer variables of the ILP and devise three approximation algorithms: greedy round node placement, target protection node placement, and energy efficient node placement (EENP). We prove the worst case performance bound of these algorithms. We also conducted simulation to compare these algorithms against the optimal solution produced by the ILP. Our results show that the solution computed by EENP is within one percentage point from the optimal solution.
A cohort analysis of subjective wellbeing and ageing: heading towards a midlife crisis?

Using eight waves from the German Panel Analysis of Intimate Relationships and Family Dynamics (pairfam), we analyse how different domains of subjective wellbeing evolve within seven years (2008–2015) in three different cohorts born 10 years apart (1971/73, 1981/83, and 1991/93). This study contributes to the ongoing debate about subjective wellbeing following a U-shaped pattern over the life course. In four domains our results show the first half of such a U-shaped pattern: on average, general life satisfaction – as well as satisfaction with leisure time, social contacts and friends, and family – declines substantially between the ages of 15 and 44, with the most significant decrease taking place at a young age (early 20s). Nevertheless, trajectories among the three cohorts differ markedly, indicating that, ceteris paribus, responses on subjective wellbeing differ greatly between cohorts born just a decade apart. The results further indicate that the two older cohorts assess family life and social contacts more favourably than the youngest cohort.
Towards Quantifying Vertex Similarity in Networks

Vertex similarity is a major problem in network science with a wide range of applications. In this work we provide novel perspectives on finding (dis)similar vertices within a network and across two networks with the same number of vertices (graph matching). With respect to the former problem, we propose to optimize a geometric objective which allows us to express each vertex uniquely as a convex combination of a few extreme types of vertices. Our method has the important advantage of supporting efficiently several types of queries such as "which other vertices are most similar to this vertex? " by the use of the appropriate data structures and of mining interesting patterns in the network. With respect to the latter problem (graph matching), we propose the generalized condition number --a quantity widely used in numerical analysis-- $\kappa(L_G,L_H)$ of the Laplacian matrix representations of $G,H$ as a measure of graph similarity, where $G,H$ are the graphs of interest. We show that this objective has a solid theoretical basis and propose a deterministic and a randomized graph alignment algorithm. We evaluate our algorithms on both synthetic and real data. We observe that our proposed methods achieve high-quality results and provide us with significant insights into the network structure.