Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cross‐culturally recurrent personality factors: analyses of three factors

This study proceeds from an earlier one that examined the ‘Big Five’ factors (Peabody & De Raad, 2002). That study considered the substantive nature of five factors from six European psycholexical studies. The results supported Big Five Factor III (Conscientiousness), but Factors I (Extraversion) and II (Agreeableness) often split into two factors. Big Five Factors IV (Emotional Stability) and V (Intellect) often failed to appear in coherent form. The failures might cause the splits, with five factors required. For three factors, the splits might not occur, and the three large (‘Big Three’) factors could appear. The present study pursues this implication, using three factors from the same six studies. The factors that split are now generally unified. This supports the Big Three and not the Big Five. This result is generally confirmed for several additional studies. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Aspects of Psychomotor Performance in the Recovery from Right Hemisphere Lesions

The ability to learn and perform a psychomotor task (pursuit tracking task) of ten subjects who had sustained right hemisphere lesions (RHL) was compared to ten healthy individuals matched for age and gender. The task required subjects to react and move quickly, varying both the distance to be moved and the choice of movement direction. All subjects completed 1200 responses across two testing sessions. Results indicated that while the RHL group was able to ‘learn’ the task as well as the Control group, they were slower at correcting unanticipated movement errors. In addition, the RHL group did not respond to changes in the probable direction of the next movement in the same manner as the Control group and, in fact, appeared unaware of changes in the probability of movement direction.
Optimization in Route Discovery Delay for Integrated MANET with Internet using Extended AODV

used to eliminate dead zones in the wireless network, and can also be used to extend the coverage of wireless networks. This paper utilizes extended Ad hoc On Demand Distance Vector (AODV) for interconnection of MANET with Internet. An approach is presented to reduce the search cost; such as route discovery delay (RDD) and routing overhead (RO) based on modification in TTL value for network wide search. Moreover, this paper not only simulates and compares the existing and proposed approach for optimization in search cost but also derive search strategies (i.e sequence of TTL values). We used a dynamic programming formulation with which optimal search strategies can be derived that minimizes the expected search cost associated with packet transmissions. Thus, the mathematical formulation justified the simulation results.
High self-reported non-adherence to antiretroviral therapy amongst adolescents living with HIV in Malawi: barriers and associated factors

Introduction: Globally adolescents and young adults account for more than 40% of new HIV infections, and HIV‐related deaths amongst adolescents increased by 50% from 2005 to 2012. Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is critical to control viral replication and preserve health; however, there is a paucity of research on adherence amongst the growing population of adolescents living with HIV/AIDS (ALHIV) in Southern Africa. We examined levels of self‐reported ART adherence, barriers to adherence, and factors associated with non‐adherence amongst ALHIV in Malawi.
Occupational trichloroethylene exposure and kidney cancer risk: a meta-analysis

Objectives Inconsistent epidemiological findings, debate over interpretation, and extrapolation of findings from animal studies to humans have produced uncertainty surrounding the carcinogenicity of trichloroethylene (TCE) exposure in occupational settings. We updated meta-analyses of published case–control and cohort studies exploring occupational TCE exposure and kidney cancer risk, incorporating new analytical results from three recently published cohort studies and a case–control study. Methods PubMed MEDLINE was searched for studies published from 1950 to 2011 assessing occupational exposure to chlorinated solvents, degreasers or TCE. All cohort (N=15) and case–control (N=13) studies included in analyses were stratified by assessment of occupational exposure to TCE specifically and to any chlorinated solvent. Results Significantly elevated summary estimates were observed for cohort studies (relative risk (RR) 1.26, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.56; p heterogeneity=0.65), case–control studies (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.57; p heterogeneity=0.41), and cohort and case–control studies combined (RR 1.32, 95% CI 1.17 to 1.50, p heterogeneity=0.63) that specifically assessed TCE exposure after excluding outlier studies that contributed to heterogeneity. Non-significantly elevated summary estimates were generally observed for studies of workers exposed to chlorinated solvents but who were not assessed for TCE specifically. Conclusions Regardless of study design, significant and stronger estimates were only observed in studies specifically assessing occupational exposure to TCE. Estimates were lower in studies assessing occupational exposure to chlorinated solvents. This updated meta-analysis supports an association between occupational TCE exposure and kidney cancer and provides evidence that exposure misclassification may weaken estimates assessing exposure to the broader class of chlorinated solvents.
Identifying Individual and Collective Acts of Remembering in Task-Related Communication

Most previous research on communicative remembering has focused on memory tasks in which participants collaborate in constructing a joint version of some past event. In contrast, research on spontaneous acts of remembering in the context of other activities not focused on creating versions of the past has been neglected. A theory-based system conceptualizing communicative remembering as a form of collaborative action is presented for identifying individual and collective acts of remembering. Individual acts of remembering are called memory utterances. A distinction is made between explicit and implicit memory utterances. Explicit memory utterances are references to past events. Implicit memory utterances are utterances in which the past is used without being the object of reference. Collective acts of remembering (collective memory processes) encompass memory utterances and other pragmatically related utterances (eliciting questions, comments, acknowledgments, etc.). Excerpts from a corpus of task-related communication are presented to illustrate these phenomena. Issues pertaining to coding are discussed in detail, and descriptive data illustrating the instrumental nature of acts of remembering in this corpus are presented.
Evaluation of Teacher Attributes as Predictors of Success in Urban Schools

Urban schools are challenged to improve teacher retention and quality. Unfortunately, research on effective teaching and attributes of effective teachers rarely has considered urban contextual influences. The purposes of the current study were (a) to develop and validate an instrument for evaluating urban teacher attributes and (b) to determine whether teacher attributes identified by the instrument varied according to teaching effectiveness. This instrument then could be used as a diagnostic tool with incoming education students to measure personal attributes related to urban teaching success. Phase 1 of the study defined a set of factors based on participants’ responses to questionnaire items. Phase 2 examined whether participants’ responses could be used to classify teachers based on teaching effectiveness. Analysis of the teachers’ responses revealed that the teacher attributes were not associated only with effective urban teaching. Possible explanations for the differences between the results of the current study and previous research are presented.
Gender and Personality Drivers of Consumer Mixed Emotional Response to Advertising

Abstract This research sheds insight on how consumer gender and personality produce different levels of mixed emotions in response to advertising resulting in divergent brand attitudes. Using a more complete measure of emotional response than previously used in advertising research, we manipulate the perceived incongruity between advertisement role portrayals and viewers' self concept and show that women exhibit higher levels of mixed emotions than do men, but they respond with more favorable attitudes toward the advertised brand. Further, individuals who are more neurotic, introvert, or antagonistic experience higher levels of mixed emotions, and respond with less favorable attitudes when experiencing ad-evoked mixed emotions. Implications focus on advancing mixed emotions, gender, and personality research, and on the use of sex role portrayals in advertising.
Coaching Scales

The Problem Given the relevance of scales for selecting managers, Peterson and Little called for an examination of scales used to measure coaching. However, there are few options from which to select validated scales used to measure coaching. Consequently, there appears to be a knowledge gap—little is known about the coaching scales that are available and how they have been validated and tested. The Solution A proposed solution to the issue is to (a) present a comprehensive review of the literature, identifying coaching scales; (b) analyze those scales, providing information on scale item development, reliability, and validation of available scales; and (c) compare and clarify the efficacy of those scales. The Stakeholders This literature review will benefit academic scholars, practitioners, and scholar-practitioners by supporting and encouraging their research. Identification and clarification of the existing scales, their focus, and validation processes can bridge the research/theory–practice gap.
Políticas públicas regionais para gestão de riscos: o processo de implementação no ABC, SP

El impacto de los desastres asociados a episodios extremos de precipitacion en Santa Catarina (2008) y Rio de Janeiro (2010/2011) motivo importantes avances legales y institucionales en la incorporacion de la tematica de la gestion del riesgo (GRD) para la agenda del gobierno: Ley 12608/2012 y una serie de acciones a nivel federal constituyo un importante salto en la gestion de riesgos de desastres. En ese sentido, describimos las experiencias en territorio brasileno que ejercieron un papel importante en la construccion de una politica publica nacional de la gestion de riesgos, destacando el trabajo en la region del Gran ABC (SP): Santo Andre, Sao Bernardo do Campo, Sao Caetano do Sul, Diadema, Maua, Ribeirao Pires y Rio Grande da Serra, y se implementan por medio de una articulacion regional que es una excepcion a la regla en la federacion brasilena, buscando actuar de manera conjunta en la gestion de riesgos.
Teaching Law Students How to Feel: Using Negotiations Training to Increase Emotional Intelligence

This article suggests that negotiation courses using traditional lectures combined with role plays and simulated exercises can be used to train students in understanding emotion and increasing their emotional intelligence. The article defines emotion and emotional intelligence; describes and analyzes one simulated exercise that has proven to be particularly potent in the classroom for teaching both the theory and practice of emotional intelligence; sets forth the rudimentary components of a possible curriculum for emotions training; and concludes with reasons why law schools and other professional degree-granting programs can and should make training in emotions a curriculum staple.
Beta-catenin is temporally regulated during normal liver development.

BACKGROUND & AIMS beta-Catenin, a key component of the Wnt pathway, plays an important role in unregulated liver growth in liver tumors, in regulated growth during liver regeneration, and in ex vivo embryonic liver cultures. METHODS We used developing livers from several stages of gestational development to examine beta-catenin expression, protein-protein interactions, localization, and regulation in prenatal and postnatal livers. RESULTS Microarray, Northern, and protein analyses showed peak expression of beta-catenin during early liver development at Embryonic day 10 (E10)-E12, followed by a decrease and a complete loss of normal beta-catenin (97-kilodalton species) after E16 through the remaining prenatal period. At the early stages, beta-catenin localized to the cytoplasm and nuclei of resident cells in addition to its normal membranous localization, which was seen at all later stages and in adult liver. Decreases in beta-catenin levels at E14 onward coincided with its decreased gene expression and increased degradation, as seen by an increase in serine 45/threonine 41-phosphorylated beta-catenin and its other negative regulators, such as axin, adenomatous polyposis coli gene product (APC), and glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta. Finally, we showed an intact association of E-cadherin and beta-catenin despite the loss of beta-catenin at E16-E18, owing to the presence of membrane-associated smaller-molecular-weight beta-catenin species. CONCLUSIONS We also identified a stage-specific expression and regulation of beta-catenin during liver development that might be crucial for physiological liver development. Nuclear and cytoplasmic beta-catenin corresponded to cell proliferation in liver development. Finally, a smaller-molecular-weight species of beta-catenin might be maintaining normal interactions at the membrane.
Review of Life Satisfaction Measures for Adolescents

Abstract Over the past decade, promoting the psychological wellbeing of adolescents has been the subject of increasing interest. To this end, a number of scales have been constructed that specifically assess life satisfaction among adolescents. Using specific selection criteria, the present study reviewed the psychometric properties of five life satisfaction measures available for use with adolescent populations. These scales were the Students' Life Satisfaction Scale, the Satisfaction With Life Scale, the Perceived Life Satisfaction Scale, the Comprehensive Quality of Life Scale – School Version, and the Multidimensional Students' Life Satisfaction Scale. Suggestions for future research are also discussed.
A Mental-Health Service for Young People in the Care of the Local Authority

Children in care constitute a deprived and needy group of young people, who are at high risk of developing mental-health problems and disorders. This article describes the development of a direct access child and adolescent mental-health service for children living in residential units or with foster families, with data on the pattern and characteristics of referrals, and discussion on the arising difficulties. The main aims of this service are, to be responsive and flexible, to provide mental- health assessment and treatment, and to work with residential care staff, foster parents and field social workers. Young people referred to the mental-health service had high rates of abuse, history of offending behaviour, poor school attendance and frequent previous contacts with child mental-health services. There were also high rates of child mental-health disorders, particularly mixed conduct and depressive disorders, and history of self-harm. Anticipated benefits include a coordinated and cost-effective assessment, improved mental-health outcome, contribution to the care plan and prevention of further difficulties. Joint commissioning between health and local authorities should prioritize children in care. Different models of mental-health provision may be appropriate and require evaluation.
Disruptive mRNA folding increases translational efficiency of catechol-O-methyltransferase variant

Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is a major enzyme controlling catecholamine levels that plays a central role in cognition, affective mood and pain perception. There are three common COMT haplotypes in the human population reported to have functional effects, divergent in two synonymous and one nonsynonymous position. We demonstrate that one of the haplotypes, carrying the non-synonymous variation known to code for a less stable protein, exhibits increased protein expression in vitro. This increased protein expression, which would compensate for lower protein stability, is solely produced by a synonymous variation (C166T) situated within the haplotype and located in the 5′ region of the RNA transcript. Based on mRNA secondary structure predictions, we suggest that structural destabilization near the start codon caused by the T allele could be related to the observed increase in COMT expression. Our folding simulations of the tertiary mRNA structures demonstrate that destabilization by the T allele lowers the folding transition barrier, thus decreasing the probability of occupying its native state. These data suggest a novel structural mechanism whereby functional synonymous variations near the translation initiation codon affect the translation efficiency via entropy-driven changes in mRNA dynamics and present another example of stable compensatory genetic variations in the human population.
Procedia Social and Behavioral Sciences Dynamic Assessment of L2 Learners' Reading Comprehension Processes: a Vygotskian Perspective

The focus of this study is to explore the feasibility of computerized dynamic assessment (C-DA) in the context of reading comprehension and, more precisely, the effects of electronically delivering textual and visual scaffolding on L2 readers' comprehension processes. The assessment procedure included a short reading text along with its manipulated version and visual prompts which were gradually offered upon the students' failure to provide the correct answer. The results demonstrated that C-DA could discriminate among low-achieving students with reference to their responsiveness to electronic mediation and diagnose quite vividly their underlying abilities in terms of both independent (ZAD) and assisted (ZPD) cognitive functioning.
TEACHING STRATEGIES BASED ON LEARNING STYLES OF ADULT STUDENTS

One of the major purposes of community and junior colleges has been to provide easy access to postsecondary educational opportunities for a broad spectrum of the general population. Access alone does not justify the existence of these institutions, instead, successful student learning determines their worth. Achieving this success is no small task when the student population is largely non‐traditional both in age and experiential background. The study was conducted to examine the effect of adjusting teaching methods to coincide with the learning preferences of students enrolled in a small, predominantly black, community college. Previous research, conducted in elementary and secondary schools, had indicated significant gains in student learning as a result of this modification. The learning styles of students entering a freshman level social science class were assessed with the Productivity Environmental Preference Survey (PEPS). Students were assigned to experimental or control groups based on the result.
Localization of the membrane‐anchored MMP‐regulator RECK at the neuromuscular junctions

Nerve apposition on nicotinic acetylcholine receptor clusters and invagination of the post‐synaptic membrane (i.e. secondary fold formation) occur by embryonic day 18.5 at the neuromuscular junctions (NMJs) in mouse skeletal muscles. Finding the molecules expressed at the NMJ at this stage of development may help elucidating how the strong linkage between a nerve terminal and a muscle fiber is established. Immunohistochemical analyses indicated that the membrane‐anchored matrix metalloproteinase regulator RECK was enriched at the NMJ in adult skeletal muscles. Confocal and electron microscopy revealed the localization of RECK immunoreactivity in secondary folds and subsynaptic intracellular compartments in muscles. Time course studies indicated that RECK immunoreactivity becomes associated with the NMJ in the diaphragm at around embryonic day 18.5 and thereafter. These findings, together with known properties of RECK, support the hypothesis that RECK participates in NMJ formation and/or maintenance, possibly by protecting extracellular components, such as synaptic basal laminae, from proteolytic degradation.
Comparison of Three Different Approaches Used in Large-Scale Stress Workshops for the General Public

Given the large unmet need for services for anxiety, there is a need to develop larger-scale psychological interventions. Group interventions could help meet the need but the kind of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) approach used merits investigation. The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness and attendance of participants self-referring to three different CBT workshops: CBT, Cognitive Therapy (CT) only, and Behavioural (BT) only. Between 1998 and 2001 a series of day-long self-referral stress workshops were offered to members of the general public in South East London. A comparison was made of those attending the workshops immediately and those attending the workshops after a 3-month delay. Participants attending all three types of workshop reported reduced stress and anxiety compared with those in the wait-list control conditions. All three workshops were equally well attended. Results support previous findings showing the clinical effectiveness of large-scale stress workshops for the general public who suffer from high levels of anxiety. The specific kind of CBT approach did not make a marked difference either to attendance or outcome, although the CT groups invoked a greater degree of change on standardized measures than the BT or CBT groups.
Biological Factors in the Pathogenesis of Rotator Cuff Tears

Rotator cuff tears are common, and lead to shoulder pain and functional impairment. Despite their frequency and related disability, etiology and pathogenesis are still debated. Multiple factors contribute to tears of the rotator cuff. Extrinsic factors are anatomic variables, such as acromial morphologic characteristics, os acromiale, and acromial spurs that compress the rotator cuff by bony impingement or direct pressure from the surrounding soft tissue. Intrinsic factors arise from the tendon itself, because of tensile overload, aging, microvascular supply, traumatisms, or degeneration. Little information is available from a cellular and molecular point of view. We reviewed the biological factors involved in the pathogenesis of rotator cuff tears. Understanding the mechanism of rotator cuff pathology would facilitate the rationale for therapeutic interventions, by guiding the design, selection, and implementation of treatment strategies such as biologic modulation and preventive measures.
Psychometric Properties of IES-R, Short Arabic Version in Contexts of Military Violence

Objective: Professional social workers and emergency workers operating in war contexts may develop posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following exposure to traumatic events. Impact of trauma must be accurately assessed by researchers via robust models of measurement. In this article, measurement models for the 13-item Children’s Revised Impact of Event scale (CRIES-13), Arabic version were assessed in an adult population operating in a war context. Method: A sample (N = 218) of in-service adult Palestinian helpers was evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis. Results: Findings supported adoption of a bidimensional model comprising two normally distributed measures labeled intrusion and avoidance as a quantitative screening tool for PTSD in contexts of military violence. Conclusion: The solid psychometric properties of CRIES in an adult population suggest its use as a short version of the Impact of Event scale–Revised (IES), Arabic version (IES-R-13).