Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Toward an Integrated Framework of Multiple Text Use

We introduce the Integrated Framework of Multiple Texts to understand how students use and form connections between multiple texts to accomplish personal or task goals. The Integrated Framework of Multiple Texts conceptualizes students’ multiple text use as unfolding over the course of three stages—preparation, execution, and production. In the preparation stage of the framework, individual difference factors and students’ task analysis result in learners’ adoption of a default stance, or a general orientation, toward multiple text use. During the execution stage of the framework, students engage in a variety of behavioral, cognitive, and metacognitive/regulatory strategies to develop cross-textual links and to integrate information across multiple texts. The execution stage concludes with students’ development of a variety of affective and cognitive outcomes as a consequence of text access. Finally, in the production stage of the framework, students draw on these affective and cognitive outcomes to develop external, often written products.
The benefits of metacognitive reading strategy awareness instruction for young learners of English as a second language

This paper presents a small-scale study examining the effects of metacognitive reading strategy instruction on English language learners’ reading comprehension in a Hong Kong international school. Twenty-five primary school (Grade 5) students who learn English as a second language participated in this study. Metacognitive instruction was incorporated into 10 process-based reading lessons. Data were collected from notes learners took during reading, post-reading reflection reports, teacher-facilitated group discussions and two types of reading tests. Results revealed that the young learners could articulate several knowledge factors that influenced their reading. In addition, learners reported a better understanding of the nature and demands of reading, a deeper awareness of metacognitive knowledge in improving reading comprehension and increased confidence in handling reading exercises. The learners also showed enhanced reading performance compared to those in a control group without metacognitive intervention. This study highlights the potential of metacognitive instruction to enhance primary school English learners’ reading
Mobile robot navigation using particle swarm optimization and noisy RFID communication

Among the major shortcomings of modern mobile robot navigation systems are their dependence on an excessive number of sensors and sensor types, and their prohibitively high computational complexity which often requires an additional data processing board to handle it. The present manuscript presents a radio frequency identification (RFID)-based navigation approach where a number of tags are attached at predetermined locations in the environment to guide a robot equipped with an RFID reader in tracking its predefined trajectory. Due to the typical excessive noise characterizing RF signals in general, redundant information extracted from the tags is exploited with the help of a particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm to enhance the robotpsilas position approximation accuracy. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is demonstrated through computer simulations of different testbeds with various complexities.
Tactile Superresolution and Biomimetic Hyperacuity

Motivated by the impact of superresolution methods for imaging, we undertake a detailed and systematic analysis of localization acuity for a biomimetic fingertip and a flat region of tactile skin. We identify three key factors underlying superresolution that enable the perceptual acuity to surpass the sensor resolution: 1) the sensor is constructed with multiple overlapping, broad but sensitive receptive fields; 2) the tactile perception method interpolates between receptors (taxels) to attain subtaxel acuity; and 3) active perception ensures robustness to unknown initial contact location. All factors follow from active Bayesian perception applied to biomimetic tactile sensors with an elastomeric covering that spreads the contact over multiple taxels. In consequence, we attain extreme superresolution with a 35-fold improvement of localization acuity (0.12 mm) over sensor resolution (4 mm). We envisage that these principles will enable cheap high-acuity tactile sensors that are highly customizable to suit their robotic use. Practical applications encompass any scenario where an end-effector must be placed accurately via the sense of touch.
Novel Hybrid Peptide Cecropin A (1–8)-LL37 (17–30) with Potential Antibacterial Activity

Hybridizing different antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) is a particularly successful approach to obtain novel AMPs with increased antimicrobial activity but minimized cytotoxicity. The hybrid peptide cecropin A (1–8)-LL37 (17–30) (C-L) combining the hydrophobic N-terminal fragment of cecropin A (C) with the core antimicrobial fragment of LL37 (L) was designed and synthesized. C-L showed higher antibacterial activity against all indicator strains than C and L, and no hemolytic activity to sheep erythrocytes was observed. C-L kills bacterial cells and causes disruption of surface structure, as determined by scanning electron microscopy. Synergistic effects were observed in the combination of C-L with several antibiotics (chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, or neomycin sulfate) against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus.
The major yolk protein in sea urchins is a transferrin-like, iron binding protein.

The major yolk protein (MYP) in sea urchins has historically been classified as a vitellogenin based on its abundance in the yolk platelets. Curiously, it is found in both sexes of sea urchins where it is presumed to play a physiological role in gametogenesis, embryogenesis, or both. Here we present the primary structure of MYP as predicted from cDNAs of two sea urchins species, Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and Lytechinus variegatus. The sequence from these two species share identity to one another, but bear no resemblance to other known vitellogenins. Instead the sequence shares identity to members of the transferrin superfamily of proteins. In vitro iron binding assays, including both (59)Fe overlay assays of MYP enriched coelomic fluid and immunoprecipitation of native iron-bound MYP from coelomic fluid, support this classification. We suggest that one of MYP's transferrin-like properties is to shuttle iron to developing germ cells.
Financializing the poor: ‘dead capital’, women’s gold and microfinance in Pakistan

Abstract This study examines how Pakistani microfinance banks’ (MFBs) collateralized microcredit arrangements take advantage of the cultural centrality of gold in women’s lives. In so doing, it contributes to the wider debate on financial inclusion and financialization. The product, processes and narratives examined are a local manifestation of global finance’s emphasis on engaging commercially viable means to bring previously ‘unbanked’ populations within its fold. Based on fieldwork in Lahore and Karachi, two of Pakistan’s largest cities, this paper highlights how the ‘financial inclusion’ agenda of microfinance has effectively financialized the lives of poor Pakistani women. Our analysis finds that Pakistani MFBs draw on patriarchy’s hierarchical norms and the precariousness of low-income living in ways which bolster their own financial positions. This is supported by the country’s central bank, which has granted collateralized microfinance products a ‘risk-free’ rating, easing the path to the financialization of jewellery which in a South Asian context is directly associated with women’s social standing and economic security. The outcome is a deepening of deep-seated vulnerabilities.
Revealing hidden states in visual working memory using electroencephalography

It is often assumed that information in visual working memory (vWM) is maintained via persistent activity. However, recent evidence indicates that information in vWM could be maintained in an effectively “activity-silent” neural state. Silent vWM is consistent with recent cognitive and neural models, but poses an important experimental problem: how can we study these silent states using conventional measures of brain activity? We propose a novel approach that is analogous to echolocation: using a high-contrast visual stimulus, it may be possible to drive brain activity during vWM maintenance and measure the vWM-dependent impulse response. We recorded electroencephalography (EEG) while participants performed a vWM task in which a randomly oriented grating was remembered. Crucially, a high-contrast, task-irrelevant stimulus was shown in the maintenance period in half of the trials. The electrophysiological response from posterior channels was used to decode the orientations of the gratings. While orientations could be decoded during and shortly after stimulus presentation, decoding accuracy dropped back close to baseline in the delay. However, the visual evoked response from the task-irrelevant stimulus resulted in a clear re-emergence in decodability. This result provides important proof-of-concept for a promising and relatively simple approach to decode “activity-silent” vWM content using non-invasive EEG.
Evaluation of smartphone addiction and related factors among university students

Background: The purpose of this study is to investigate the level of smartphone addiction of university students and determine the related factors.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among first and third-class students of the 2016 fall semester in Eskişehir Osmangazi University with 1492 students. In this study, risk of smartphone addiction was evaluated by using Short Version of Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV). In data analysis, Mann Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis and hierarchical multi linear regression analysis were executed.Results: 772 (51.7 %) of 1492 students in the study group was female. SAS-SV median score of the students was 26. In this study; gender, socio-economic level, perceived health status and mostly used smartphone function were specified as factors influencing smartphone addiction. While, using smartphone for functions such as social media, gaming, online messaging and video watching was assigned to be positively related with smartphone addiction; using smartphone for telephone calls, e-mail and news reading was assigned to be negatively related. 71.2% of students (n:1063) declared to have health problems related with using smartphones. Insomnia was revealed as the most common (23.6 %) health complaint related to smartphone use.Conclusions: Social contact and applications with entertaining contents in smartphone enhance addiction. There is need for more studies and researches for exerting smartphone addiction, related factors and applying necessary protective and therapeutic interventions.
When words burn – language processing differentially modulates pain perception in typical and chronic pain populations

abstract How do we communicate our pain to others? The challenge of conveying such a highly individual experience in words is faced daily by many sufferers of chronic pain and their doctors. Moreover, such linguistic strategies are especially relevant in situations where no obvious reference to physical injuries or tissue damage can be made. Neurolinguistically, this question is directly linked to understanding the brain mechanisms behind the encoding, storage, and comprehension of word meanings. An influential view posits that comprehension involves mentally simulating sensorimotor experiences which words refer to. Here, we test the hypothesis that both pain word comprehension and first-hand experiences of pain rely on a common neural substrate, leading to a prediction that word processing should modulate the perception of noxious stimuli. We used a priming task and asked neurotypical and chronic pain participants to read sentences containing literal or metaphoric pain descriptors, and then rate the intensity of thermal pain stimuli. We found that pain language comprehension modulated participants’ ratings of pain intensity. Furthermore, this effect depended on linguistic context as well as individual pain history. We discuss our findings within the larger theoretical debate on the nature of semantic representations, and point to their potential relevance for clinical practice.
“Making Generation Y Stay”: The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment

Job turnover in Generation Y has become a common phenomenon in industry in large cities. They tend to believe that it is not difficult to leave their jobs and not important to immediately settle in an organization. The study aimed to understand the mediating role of organizational commitment (OC) between perceived organizational support (POS) and turnover intention (TO). A purposive sampling technique was used in this study with 284 generation Y employees living in large cities (19-37 years old) as participants. There were three questionnaires used in this study namely Turnover Intention Scale, Organizational Commitment Scale and Survey of Perceived Organizational Support. The investigation discovered that POS positively affected OC and negatively TO. Employing mediation analysis showed that OC was a significant mediator from the relationship of POS and TO. The findings of this research provide organizations with information about how to effectively manage and retain Generation Y employees through POS and OC.
Partial glycinergic denervation induces transient changes in the distribution of a glycine receptor-associated protein in a central neuron

The effect of partial glycinergic denervation on the cellular distribution of the 93 kDa peripheral polypeptide associated with the glycine receptor was studied at the level of the teleost Mauthner cell, an identified neuron of the goldfish brain (Carassius auratus). Previous studies using monoclonal antibodies raised against purified glycine receptors and immunoperoxidase staining have shown that these proteins are localized in clusters on the entire surface of this neuron. Specifically, the 93 kDa polypeptide was situated only on the cytoplasmic side of the postsynaptic membrane facing active zones. Unilateral electrolytic lesions of the vestibular complex caused the degeneration of some glycinergic afferents to this neuron. When the first signs of this response appeared, 3 d after the surgery, there was also a change in the ultrastructural distribution of the 93 kDa polypeptide in the deafferented cell. The synaptic protein apposed to degenerating axons did not spread onto adjacent extrasynaptic membranes, and it disappeared a few hours after the disruption of its presynaptic element. At the same time, a cytoplasmic immunoreactivity appeared as randomly distributed clusters in the deafferented Mauthner cell; these aggregates, not seen in control preparations, were never found inside membrane-bound organelles. In some preparations these clusters were localized along arrays at a relatively constant distance from the plasma membrane. The intracellular immunoreaction product was found in the soma and the initial part of the dendrites, gradually decreasing in number and intensity toward the extremities of these processes. At later postoperative stages, 10–15 d after surgery, the 93 kDa immunoreactivity remained only at postsynaptic membranes facing intact terminals. Similar alterations following denervation were observed in reticular neurons, at the level at which degenerating presynaptic terminals were also detected. In contrast, continuous 3-d blockade of synaptic transmission by strychnine, an antagonist of the glycine receptor, had no effect on either the distribution of the surface receptor clusters, or the 93 kDa peripheral protein linked to these receptors. Taken together, our results suggest that the ultrastructural distribution of the glycine receptor complex is regulated by “trophic” factors rather than by transmitter-evoked synaptic activity.
Simple Characterizations of Potential Games and Zero-sum Games

We provide several tests to determine whether a game is a potential game or whether it is a zero-sum equivalent game---a game which is strategically equivalent to a zero-sum game in the same way that a potential game is strategically equivalent to a common interest game. We present a unified framework applicable for both potential and zero-sum equivalent games by deriving a simple but useful characterization of these games. This allows us to re-derive known criteria for potential games, as well as obtain several new criteria. In particular, we prove (1) new integral tests for potential games and for zero-sum equivalent games, (2) a new derivative test for zero-sum equivalent games, and (3) a new representation characterization for zero-sum equivalent games.
Curcumin Potentiates Rhabdomyosarcoma Radiosensitivity by Suppressing NF-κB Activity

Ionizing radiation (IR) is an essential component of therapy for alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κΒ) transcription factors are upregulated by IR and have been implicated in radioresistance. We evaluated the ability of curcumin, a putative NF-κΒ inhibitor, and cells expressing genetic NF- κΒ inhibitors (IκBα and p100 super-repressor constructs) to function as a radiosensitizer. Ionizing radiation induced NF-κΒ activity in the ARMS cells in vitro in a dose- and time-dependent manner, and upregulated expression of NF-κΒ target proteins. Pretreatment of the cells with curcumin inhibited radiation-induced NF-κΒ activity and target protein expression. In vivo, the combination of curcumin and IR had synergistic antitumor activity against Rh30 and Rh41 ARMS xenografts. The greatest effect occurred when tumor-bearing mice were treated with curcumin prior to IR. Immunohistochemistry revealed that combination therapy significantly decreased tumor cell proliferation and endothelial cell count, and increased tumor cell apoptosis. Stable expression of the super-repressor, SR-IκBα, that blocks the classical NF-κB pathway, increased sensitivity to IR, while expression of SR-p100, that blocks the alternative pathway, did not. Our results demonstrate that curcumin can potentiate the antitumor activity of IR in ARMS xenografts by suppressing a classical NF-κΒ activation pathway induced by ionizing radiation. These data support testing of curcumin as a radiosensitizer for the clinical treatment of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma. Impact of work The NF-κΒ protein complex has been linked to radioresistance in several cancers. In this study, we have demonstrated that inhibiting radiation-induced NF-κΒ activity by either pharmacologic (curcumin) or genetic (SR-IκBα) means significantly enhanced the efficacy of radiation therapy in the treatment of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma cells and xenografts. These data suggest that preventing the radiation-induced activation of the NF-κΒ pathway is a promising way to improve the antitumor efficacy of ionizing radiation and warrants clinical trials.
Hyaluronidases and hyaluronan synthases expression is inversely correlated with malignancy in lung/bronchial pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions, affecting prognosis

We collected a series of 136 lung/bronchial and 56 matched lung parenchyma tissue samples from patients who underwent lung/bronchial biopsies and presented invasive carcinoma after lung surgery. The lung/bronchial samples included basal cell hyperplasia, squamous metaplasia, moderate dysplasia, adenomatous hyperplasia, severe dysplasia, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma. Matched lung parenchyma tissue samples included 25 squamous cell carcinomas and 31 adenocarcinomas. Immunohistochemistry was performed to analyze for the distribution of hyaluronidase (Hyal)-1 and −3, and hyaluronan synthases (HAS)-1, −2, and −3. Hyal-1 showed significantly higher expression in basal cell hyperplasia than in moderate dysplasia (P=0.01), atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (P=0.0001), or severe dysplasia (P=0.03). Lower expression of Hyal-3 was found in atypical adenomatous hyperplasia than in basal cell hyperplasia (P=0.01) or moderate dysplasia (P=0.02). HAS-2 was significantly higher in severe dysplasia (P=0.002) and in squamous metaplasia (P=0.04) compared with basal cell hyperplasia. HAS-3 was significantly expressed in basal cell hyperplasia compared with atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (P=0.05) and severe dysplasia (P=0.02). Lower expression of HAS-3 was found in severe dysplasia compared with squamous metaplasia (P=0.01) and moderate dysplasia (P=0.01). Epithelial Hyal-1 and −3 and HAS-1, −2, and −3 expressions were significantly higher in pre-neoplastic lesions than in neoplastic lesions. Comparative Cox multivariate analysis controlled by N stage and histologic tumor type showed that patients with high HAS-3 expression in pre-neoplastic cells obtained by lung/bronchial biopsy presented a significantly higher risk of death (HR=1.19; P=0.04). We concluded that localization of Hyal and HAS in lung/bronchial pre-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions was inversely related to malignancy, which implied that visualizing these factors could be a useful diagnostic procedure for suspected lung cancer. Finalizing this conclusion will require a wider study in a randomized and prospective trial.
Decentralized fault accommodation of a class of interconnected nonlinear systems using an adaptive approximation approach

This paper presents a decentralized adaptive approximation design for the fault tolerant control of interconnected subsystems. We consider faults that occur in the subsystems local dynamics as well as in the interconnection effects. Linearly parameterized neural networks are used to adaptively approximate the unknown interconnection effects and the unknown changes in model dynamics due to failures. An adaptive bounding method is introduced for addressing stability and robustness issues in the presence of residual approximation errors. A simulation example is presented to illustrate the proposed control design methodology.
THE COCKTAIL PARTY

This inspiring book becomes one that is very booming. After published, this book can steal the market and book lovers to always run out of this book. And now, we will not let you run out any more to get this book. Why should be cocktail party? As a book lover, you must know that enjoying the book to read should be relevant to how you exactly need now. If they are not too much relevance, you can take the way of the inspirations to create for new inspirations.
Why real leisure really matters: incentive effects on real effort in the laboratory

On-the-job leisure is a pervasive feature of the modern workplace. We studied its impact on work performance in a laboratory experiment by either allowing or restricting Internet access. We used a 2 × 2 experimental design in which subjects completing real-effort work tasks could earn cash according to either individual- or team-production incentive schemes. Under team pay, production levels were significantly lower when Internet browsing was available than when it was not. Under individual pay, however, no differences in production levels were observed between the treatment in which Internet was available and the treatment in which it was not. In line with standard incentive theory, individual pay outperformed team pay across all periods of the experiment when Internet browsing was available. This was not the case, however, when Internet browsing was unavailable. These results demonstrate that the integration of on-the-job leisure activities into an experimental labor design is crucial for uncovering incentive effects.