Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cosmetic Surgery: A Feminist Primer

Contents: Cosmetic surgery in the age of gender, Cressida J. Heyes and Meredith Jones Part 1 Revisiting Feminist Critique: 20 years in the twilight zone, Susan Bardo Revisiting feminist debates on cosmetic surgery: some reflections on suffering, agency, and embodied difference, Kathy Davis Women and the knife: cosmetic surgery and the colonization of women's bodies, Kathryn Pauly Morgan Scary women: cinema, surgery, and special effects, Vivian Sobchack. Part 2 Representing Cosmetic Surgery: Agency made over? Cosmetic surgery and femininity in women's magazines and makeover television, Suzanne Fraser The 'natural look': extreme makeovers and the limits of self-fashioning, Dennis Weiss and Rebecca Kukla Selling the 'perfect' vulva, Virginia Braun. Part 3 Boundaries and Networks: 'Engineering the erotic': aesthetic medicine and modernization in Brazil, Alexander Edmonds Pygmalion's many faces, Meredith Jones All cosmetic surgery is 'ethnic': Asian eyelids, feminist indignation, and the politics of whiteness, Cressida J. Heyes. Part 4 Ambivalent Voices: In your face, Cindy Patton and John Liesch Crossing the cosmetic/reconstructive divide: the instructive situation of breast reduction surgery, Diane Naugler Farewell my lovelies, Diana Sweeney Index.
Work Creation and Rearmament in Germany 1933-1938: A Revisionist Assessment of NS-Economic Policy Based on Input-Output Analysis

We try to measure the impact work creation programs and rearmament had on employment and production of the German economy before World War II. Theoretically based on an extended version of the conventional input-output analysis, our model or analytical framework integrates the Keynesian multiplier into Leontief´s traditional model. Empirically, we apply our recently presented input-output table of Germany for the benchmark year of 1936. Putting together the effects of both work creation proper and rearmament demonstrates that more than one million jobs were created here as early as 1933. And in 1934 and 1935, even three to four million people were employed in this manner. Several hundred thousand and later millions of jobs profited from the additional income spent on consumption. In the years from 1936 onwards, the enormous increase to five million and more for armament production alone was accompanied by additional employment and measures to restrict additional consumption. Of course one can speculate about the counterfactual scenario of whether or not such an upswing would have taken place without Hitler´s economic policy. It is true that the turning point of the business cycle had been passed in 1932, thus before Hitler had become chancellor and maybe it is also true that work creation programs and rearmament were not a necessary condition to achieve full employment as early as 1936/37. On basis of our reassessment, however, we can safely claim that they were a sufficient condition for this purpose. In more general terms, our reassessment rather supports the former view put forward, e. g. by Overy that the NS-regime introduced “a wide range of government policies designed to augment and speed up the existing recovery”. We would, however, modify his chronology, that rearmament became increasingly important from 1936 onwards: rearmament actually gathered momentum as early as 1934.
A Mixed-Method Study of the Effects of Guanxi Between Salespersons and Buyers on Retailer–Supplier Relationships in China

The social network and relationship marketing literatures urge firms to cultivate social ties to form favorable relationships with other business partners. We question the universality of this recommendation by examining the influence of guanxi (i.e., interpersonal social ties) between supplier salespersons and retail buyers in the retail industry in China. Using a mixed-method study combining both qualitative and quantitative stages, we find that guanxi between supplier salespersons and retail buyers may not enhance retailer–supplier relationship quality. Furthermore, our results show that guanxi between supplier salespersons and retail buyers may weaken the positive effect of supplier role performance on retailer satisfaction.
Palifermin for the protection and regeneration of epithelial tissues following injury: new findings in basic research and pre-clinical models

Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) is a paracrine‐acting epithelial mitogen produced by cells of mesenchymal origin, that plays an important role in protecting and repairing epithelial tissues. Pre‐clinical data initially demonstrated that a recombinant truncated KGF (palifermin) could reduce gastrointestinal injury and mortality resulting from a variety of toxic exposures. Furthermore, the use of palifermin in patients with hematological malignancies reduced the incidence and duration of severe oral mucositis experienced after intensive chemoradiotherapy. Based upon these findings, as well as the observation that KGF receptors are expressed in many, if not all, epithelial tissues, pre‐clinical studies have been conducted to determine the efficacy of palifermin in protecting different epithelial tissues from toxic injury in an attempt to model various clinical situations in which it might prove to be of benefit in limiting tissue damage. In this article, we review these studies to provide the pre‐clinical background for clinical trials that are described in the accompanying article and the rationale for additional clinical applications of palifermin.
Enhanced EDF scheduling algorithms for orchestrating network-wide active measurements

Monitoring network status such as end-to-end delay, jitter, and available bandwidth is important to support QoS-sensitive applications and timely detection of network anomalies like denial of service attacks. For this purpose, Internet service providers (ISPs) have started to instrument their networks with network measurement infrastructures (NMIs) that periodically run active measurement tasks using measurement servers located at strategic points in their networks. However, one problem that most network engineers have overlooked is the measurement conflict problem. Since active measurement tasks actively inject test packets to collect measurements along network paths, running multiple active measurements at the same time over the same path could result in misleading reports of network performance. We call this phenomenon a measurement conflict. Our recent observation of such measurement conflict motivates us to form a measurement task scheduling problem of meeting periodicity requirements, where real-time scheduling algorithms can play a role. The scheduling problem, however, is not exactly same as any of the existing scheduling problems in the realtime literature, because the problem involves multiple measurement servers running multiple measurement tasks whose conflict dependency propagates along the chains of paths. For this problem, we propose to use an EDF (earliest deadline first) heuristic but allowing "concurrent executions" if possible, to construct an offline schedule for a given measurement task set. Also, we propose a novel mechanism to flexibly use the offline schedule for minimizing the response time of dynamic on-demand measurement jobs. Further, we implement and deploy our scheduling algorithms in a real working NMI for monitoring Internet 2 Abilene network
A note on “resource flexibility with responsive pricing”

We revisit the capacity investment decision problem studied in the article “Resource Flexibility with Responsive Pricing” by Chod and Rudi [Operations Research 53, (2005) 532–548]. A monopolist firm producing two dependent (substitutable or complementary) products needs to determine the capacity of one flexible resource under demand risk so as to maximize its expected profit. Product demands are linear functions of the prices of both products, and the market potentials are random and correlated. We perform a comparative statics analysis on how demand variability and correlation impact the optimal capacity and the resulting expected profit. In particular, C&R study this problem under the following assumptions/approximations: (i) demand intercepts follow a bivariate Normal distribution; (ii) demand uncertainty is of an additive form; (iii) and under approximate expressions for the optimal capacity and optimal expected profit. We revisit Propositions 2, 3, 4, 5, and 10 of C&R without these assumptions and approximations, and show that these results continue to hold (i) for the exact expressions for the optimal expected profit and optimal capacity, and (ii) under any arbitrary continuous distribution of demand intercepts. However, we also show that the additive demand uncertainty is a critical assumption for the C&R results to hold. In particular, we provide a case of multiplicative uncertainty under which the C&R results (Propositions 2 and 3) fail. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics 2010
Sociability and Susceptibility to the Common Cold

There is considerable evidence that social relationships can influence health, but only limited evidence on the health effects of the personality characteristics that are thought to mold people's social lives. We asked whether sociability predicts resistance to infectious disease and whether this relationship is attributable to the quality and quantity of social interactions and relationships. Three hundred thirty-four volunteers completed questionnaires assessing their sociability, social networks, and social supports, and six evening interviews assessing daily interactions. They were subsequently exposed to a virus that causes a common cold and monitored to see who developed verifiable illness. Increased sociability was associated in a linear fashion with a decreased probability of developing a cold. Although sociability was associated with more and higher-quality social interactions, it predicted disease susceptibility independently of these variables. The association between sociability and disease was also independent of baseline immunity (virus-specific antibody), demographics, emotional styles, stress hormones, and health practices.
Differential Regulation of Two Divergent Sinorhizobium meliloti Genes for HPII-Like Catalases during Free-Living Growth and Protective Role of Both Catalases during Symbiosis

ABSTRACT Two catalases, KatA and KatB, have been detected inSinorhizobium meliloti growing on rich medium. Here we characterize a new catalase gene encoding a third catalase (KatC). KatC activity was detectable only at the end of the stationary phase inS. meliloti growing in minimum medium, whereas KatA activity was found during the exponential phase. Analysis with akatC-lacZ fusion demonstrated that katCexpression is mainly regulated at the transcription level. An increase of catalase activity correlating with KatA induction was detected in bacteroids. A dramatic decrease of nitrogen fixation capacity in a katA katC double mutant was observed, suggesting that these catalases are very important for the protection of the nitrogen fixation process.
The North Carolina Community College System Critical Success Factor 1 and the Association with Leadership Styles Practiced by North Carolina Community College Presidents

This study examined the association between the North Carolina Community College System’s Critical Success Factors - Factor 1: Core Indicators of Student Success, and the practiced leadership styles of North Carolina community college presidents. The mixed-method research design involved a constructive epistemology. The first stage used quantitative research to gather and analyze data from the Leadership Competence Assessment Instrument and the North Carolina Community College System Annual Reports (2007 – 2009). The second stage used qualitative research to develop interview questions for selected presidents based on the results of the first stage. The third and final stage for this research was comprehensive and combined strategies, approaches, and methods from stages one and two.
Reconstructing the Pupils Attitude Towards Technology-Survey

In knowledge based economies technological literacy is gaining interest. Technological literacy correlates with attitude towards technology. When measuring technological literacy as an outcome of education, the attitudinal dimension has to be taken into account. This requires a valid, reliable instrument that should be as concise as possible, in order to use it in correlation with other instruments. The PATT instrument as developed in the nineties is an extensive survey that hasn’t been revalidated over the last three decades. The Pupils’ Attitudes Towards Technology (PATT) instrument was reconstructed and revalidated. The validation study was done in two major steps. First a pilot study with 250 students, followed by a main study with 3000 students. Different factors of the instrument were analysed on their internal consistency. Also the goodness of fit indices of the complete model were checked in a confirmatory factor analysis. This resulted in an instrument with six sub-factors and 24 items of attitude towards technology. The six factors are Career Aspirations, Interest in Technology, Tediousness of Technology, Positive Perception of Effects of Technology, Perception of Difficulty and Perception of Technology as a Subject for Boys or for Boys and Girls. The instrument is easy to use, reliable and validated. It opens a door to further research and evaluation of technology education.
Management and outcomes of intramedullary spinal cord tumors: A single center experience from a developing country

Background: Intraoperative neurophysiology, high magnification microscopes, and ultrasonic aspirators are considered essential aid for the safe resection of intramedullary spinal cord tumors (IMSCTs). Most centers in developing countries such as Pakistan still lack these facilities. The purpose of this study was to review the management of IMSCTs at our hospital and to determine factors associated with the outcomes of surgery. Methods: This was a retrospective review of medical records of adult patients undergoing surgery for IMSCT over 12 years. The institutional ethical review committee approved this study. Data were collected regarding demographics, clinical and radiological features, and surgical details. Modified McCormick Scale was used to grade patients’ neurological status at admission, discharge, and follow-up. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22. Results: Forty three cases were reviewed. Mean age was 33.8 ± 15.1 years whereas median follow-up was 5 months (range: 0.25–96 months). Most patients had ependymoma (n = 16; 73%). Cervical region was the most commonly involved (n = 15; 34.9%). Gross total resection (GTR) was achieved in 30 cases (69.8%). The preoperative McCormick grade was significantly associated with follow-up McCormick grade (P value = 0.002). Eight patients (18.6%) underwent intraoperative electrophysiological monitoring, out of which GTR was achieved in all cases, and none had disease progression or recurrence. Ten patients received postoperative radiotherapy. Thirty five patients (81.4%) had progression free survival at last follow-up. Conclusions: We achieved a GTR rate of 68.9% for IMSCTs with limited resources. In few cases, where intraoperative electrophysiology was used, the rate of GTR was 100%. Preoperative neurological status was associated with better postoperative McCormick score.
Effects of Nonlinearity and Multi-Period Lags on Basu (1997) Measure

This paper examines the impacts of two attributes of accounting recognition, i.e., nonlinearity and multi-period lags, on Basu (1997) measure of asymmetric timeliness. First, we predict and find that asymmetric timeliness is affected by nonlinear earnings responses and more pronounced when news of large absolute magnitudes occurs. Results also show that the time trend in asymmetric timeliness may be confounded by nonlinearity. Next, we examine lagged earnings responses to good news and bad news and hypothesize that positive differential earnings responses exist in the current and sufficiently short following periods, indicating differential earnings responses do not only exist concurrently. We also predict differential earnings responses turn negative, showing positive differential earnings responses reverse as lag increases. Besides, we hypothesize that differential earnings responses decay as lag increases. Empirical results are all consistent with our expectations. Our results are robust to several changes in model or sample specifications. Possible methods to compare the extents of conservatism when considering nonlinearity and multi-period lags are also provided in our study. Collectively, our empirical results suggest that nonlinearity in earnings responses and multi-period earnings responses rather than a single-period asymmetric timeliness measure should be considered to measure conservatism more validly.
Limited Insurance Within the Household : Evidence from a Field Experiment in Western Kenya

This paper presents results from a randomized eld experiment to test for the importance of limited commitment (due to incomplete contract enforceability) in explaining intrahousehold risk sharing arrangements in Western Kenya. The experiment followed 143 daily income earners and their spouses for 8 weeks. Every week, each individual had a 50% chance of receiving a 150 Kenyan shilling (US $2) income shock (equivalent to about 1.5 daysincome for men and 1 weeks income for women). This paper has 2 main results. First, since the experimental payments are random, they allow for a direct test of allocative Pareto e¢ ciency. I reject e¢ ciency, as male private goods expenditures are sensitive to the receipt of the payment. Second, the experiment was designed to assess the role of limited commitment in explaining the failure of full insurance. The sample was split into 3 Treatment Groups with varying levels of intra-household correlation in the experimental payments. I nd that women send bigger transfers to their husbands when shocks are independent or negatively correlated, a result consistent with the presence of limited commitment, which predicts that transfers are higher when incomes are less correlated. I nd no di¤erence in transfers for men between the 3 groups. JEL Classi cation: C93, D13, D61, O12 I would like to thank my advisors Orley Ashenfelter, Esther Duo, Michael Kremer, and Christina Paxson for continuous support. I thank Alicia Adsera, David Atkin, David Evans, Jane Fortson, Filippos Papakonstantinou, Tanya Rosenblat, Laura Schechter, Ethan Yeh, seminar participants at UC Santa Cruz, the University of Houston, University College London, the University of Pittsburgh, IFPRI and participants in the Princeton development lunch for helpful comments, and especially Pascaline Dupas for suggestions and for assistance throughout. I am grateful to Willa Friedman, Anthony Keats, and especially Eva Kaplan for excellent research assistance. This project would not have been possible if not for the work of Jack Adika, Daniel Egesa, Alice Kalakate, Nduta Kamui, Nathan Mwandije, Nashon Ngwena, Priscilla Nyamai, Seline Obwora, Isaac Ojino, Anthony Oure, Iddah Rasanga, and Nathaniel Wamkoya in collecting and entering the data. I thank Aleke Dondo of the K-Rep Development Agency for hosting this project in Kenya. Financial support for this project was provided by the Princeton University Industrial Relations Section, the Center for Health and Wellbeing at Princeton University, and the MIT Poverty Action Lab. yDepartment of Economics, University of California, Santa Cruz, e-mail: jmrtwo@ucsc.edu
An Herbal Galactagogue Mixture Increases Milk Production and Aquaporin Protein Expression in the Mammary Glands of Lactating Rats

Background. Herbal galactagogues have been increasingly used to treat postpartum hypogalactia. The mechanism of action of herbal galactagogues remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of an herbal galactagogue mixture on milk production and aquaporin (AQP) expression in lactating rats. Methods. Thirty female Sprague Dawley rats were randomized into virgin, lactating + H2O, and lactating + galactagogue groups (n = 10 per group). Lactating rats were administered the decoction of an herbal galactagogue mixture by oral gavage or the same amount of distilled water. Results. The herbal decoction significantly increased milk production in lactating rats (P < 0.05). Both immunohistochemical staining and western blot showed that protein levels of AQP-3 and AQP-5 were significantly increased during lactation compared with virgin stage and the herbal decoction further elevated their expression (P < 0.05). AQP-1 was predominantly expressed in the capillaries whereas AQP-3 and AQP-5 were mainly detected in the epithelial cells and ducts of the mammary glands. Conclusion. The expression of AQPs in the mammary glands of rats was developmentally regulated. Herbal galactagogues might have increased milk secretion by regulating the expression and function of AQPs in the mammary glands.
Multivariate sparse group lasso for the multivariate multiple linear regression with an arbitrary group structure

We propose a multivariate sparse group lasso variable selection and estimation method for data with high‐dimensional predictors as well as high‐dimensional response variables. The method is carried out through a penalized multivariate multiple linear regression model with an arbitrary group structure for the regression coefficient matrix. It suits many biology studies well in detecting associations between multiple traits and multiple predictors, with each trait and each predictor embedded in some biological functional groups such as genes, pathways or brain regions. The method is able to effectively remove unimportant groups as well as unimportant individual coefficients within important groups, particularly for large p small n problems, and is flexible in handling various complex group structures such as overlapping or nested or multilevel hierarchical structures. The method is evaluated through extensive simulations with comparisons to the conventional lasso and group lasso methods, and is applied to an eQTL association study.
Recyclable nanoscale zero-valent iron-based magnetic polydopamine coated nanomaterials for the adsorption and removal of phenanthrene and anthracene

Abstract In this study, nanoscale zero-valent iron nanoparticles (NZVIs) were coated with silica and polydopamine using a two-step process. The coated nanoparticles were applied as adsorbents for removal of two common polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollutants, phenanthrene (PHE) and anthracene (ANT) from aqueous system. Adsorption kinetics followed a pseudo-second-order model. Isotherms and thermodynamics were investigated and the results indicated that the adsorption process fit best to the Freundlich model and exhibited the characteristics of an exothermal physical adsorption process. Owing to their superparamagnetic characteristics and stability, these adsorbents could be easily collected and recycled for reuse.
EXPLORING THE LINK BETWEEN LOCAL AND GLOBAL KNOWLEDGE SPILLOVERS: Evidence from Plant-Level Data

We investigate the existence of local (i.e. within-country) and global (i.e. between-country) knowledge spillovers within a single analytical framework. Our analysis is based on an exhaustive database on Irish manufacturing plants covering the period 1986-1994 and focuses on the impact of R&D spillovers on productivity. Our results show that while the R&D undertaken by multinationals active in Ireland has had no significant impact on local plants’ productivity, these multinationals have, nevertheless, through their presence, favoured the diffusion of global R&D spillovers. We furthermore show that while domestic plants benefited from R&D spillovers emanating from other domestic firms, these spillovers had a much more limited spatial scope compared to multinational-presence induced spillovers. Foreign affiliates in turn, have directly gained from the size of the R&D stock in their origin country, but there is no evidence that foreign affiliates located in Ireland had benefited from local R&D spillovers.