Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
140 Characters of Intoxication: Exploring the Prevalence of Alcohol-Related Tweets and Predicting Their Virality

Past research has suggested an associative relationship between social media use and alcohol consumption, especially among the younger generations. The current study takes a generalizable approach to examining the prevalence of posting about alcohol on a popular social media platform, Twitter, as well as examining the predictors of a tweet’s virality. We content-analyzed more than 47.5 million tweets that were posted in March 2015 to explore the prevalence of alcohol-related references, and how alcohol-related references, tweet features (e.g., inclusion of hashtags, pictures, etc.), and user characteristics (e.g., number of followers) contribute to the tweet’s virality. Our findings showed that during March 2015, about two of every 100 tweets in the United States were alcohol-related; whereas the majority of those referenced intoxication. In addition to tweet features and user characteristics, the prevalence of alcohol-related references in a tweet positively predicted the number of likes it received, yet negatively predicted the number of retweets. Given prior evidence supporting the association between social media use and alcohol consumption, the prevalence of alcohol references in tweets and how that contributes to their virality offers insights into the widespread phenomenon of glorifying alcohol use and excessive drinking via social media, pointing to potential negative health consequences.
The linguistic processes underlying the P600

The P600 is an event-related brain potential (ERP) typically associated with the processing of grammatical anomalies or incongruities. A similar response has also been observed in fully acceptable long-distance wh-dependencies. Such findings raise the question of whether these ERP responses reflect common underlying processes, and what might be the specific mechanisms that are shared between successful processing of well-formed sentences and the detection and repair of syntactic anomalies. The current study presents a comparison of the ERP responses elicited by syntactic violations, garden path sentences, and long-distance wh-dependencies, using maximally similar materials in a within-subjects design. Results showed that a P600 component was elicited by syntactic violations and garden path sentences, but was less robustly elicited in the long-distance wh-dependency condition. Differences in the scalp topography, onset and duration of the P600 effects are characterised in terms of the syntactic operations involved in building complex syntactic structures, with particular attention to retrieval processes, which control the latency of the P600, and structure building processes, which control its duration and amplitude.
Sensing-throughput/positioning tradeoff in indoor cognitive radio networks

This paper evaluates the performance of indoor cognitive networks in terms of the throughput and the positioning, according to the spectrum sensing time. A better sensing quality can be obtained by using a longer sensing time. The better sensing quality of a secondary user (SU), the more accurate information about a primary user (PU) positioning. However, there exists a tradeoff between the sensing quality and the achievable throughput. In the previous works, the achievable throughput has been derived under the assumption that the PU has a constant occupancy state during the entire frame duration. Actually, however, the state of PUs varies during the entire frame duration. We exploit a cooperative spectrum sensing for better observation on the PU positioning. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme gets more reliable positioning performance and better achievable throughput compare to those of previous works.
Word2VisualVec: Image and Video to Sentence Matching by Visual Feature Prediction

This paper strives to find the sentence best describing the content of an image or video. Different from existing works, which rely on a joint subspace for image / video to sentence matching, we propose to do so in a visual space only. We contribute Word2VisualVec, a deep neural network architecture that learns to predict a deep visual encoding of textual input based on sentence vectorization and a multi-layer perceptron. We thoroughly analyze its architectural design, by varying the sentence vectorization strategy, network depth and the deep feature to predict for image to sentence matching. We also generalize Word2VisualVec for matching a video to a sentence, by extending the predictive abilities to 3-D ConvNet features as well as a visual-audio representation. Experiments on four challenging image and video benchmarks detail Word2VisualVec's properties, capabilities for image and video to sentence matching, and on all datasets its state-of-the-art results.
Introduction: Configuring Anthropology

The authors present examples of how anthropologists are presently using computers to advance ethnographic research in new directions while building on what has come before. All the methods, protocols, and tools created by the authors are free, open source, and available on the Internet. The contributions are the authors’ attempts to address greater complexity through greater control over the data and structures within which anthropologists work. These methods are suitable to a large number of problems, basic and applied, across the range of anthropology from its humanities axis to its science axis. Anthropology is what anthropologists make of it, and each author is attempting to make a little bit more of anthropology and to configure anthropology for addressing old problems in new ways and positioning anthropology to address new problems and new opportunities to influence others through anthropology.
A Frame of Operational Risk Management System Based on Case-Based Reasoning

With more and more increasingly significant attention has paid to operational risk, it is urgent for the banks to find some suitable approaches to measure and manage their operational risk. An operational risk management system (ORMS) is set up, which based on case-based reasoning (CBR) methods. The frame of operational risk management system is presented. Some key techniques associated with the CBR method are discussed, such as the case representation structure and case retrieve methods, which are designed under Basel II. Finally, the functional modules and some sub-functional modules are laid out, which are developed in accordance with the process of operational risk management.
Using a Sight Word Measure to Predict Reading Fluency Problems in Grades 1 to 3

ABSTRACT After considering the relationships between (a) reading fluency and reading rate and (b) reading rate and sight vocabulary, this study addressed a very practical question. Can a cut score on a sight vocabulary task (1-min) predict level of reading fluency 4+ months into the future? The prediction was tested at multiple times point across grades 1 - 3 (N = 305). Results showed that a sight vocabulary cut score (Time 1) was very effective at identifying children who could read with a minimum level of fluency 4 months later (Time 2). The tasks used in the study (word recognition and oral reading) transfer directly to classroom use. They can be used to identify at-risk readers and to diagnose the nature of a fluency problem.
Slowing of the Inactivation of Cardiac Voltage-Dependent Sodium Channels by the Amiodarone Derivative 2-Methyl-3-(3,5-diiodo-4-carboxymethoxybenzyl)benzofuran (KB130015)

2-Methyl-3-(3,5-diiodo-4-carboxymethoxybenzyl)benzofuran (KB130015 or KB) is a new drug, structurally related to amiodarone and to thyroid hormones. Its effects on cardiac voltage-dependent Na+current (I Na) were studied in pig single ventricular myocytes at 22°C using the whole-cell (with [Na+]i = [Na+]o = 10 mM) and cell-attached patch-clamp techniques. KB markedly slowedI Na inactivation, due to the development of a slow-inactivating component (τslow ≈ 50 ms) at the expense of the normal, fast-inactivating component (τfast ≈ 2–3 ms). The effect was concentration-dependent, with a half-maximally effective concentration (K 0.5) of 2.1 μM. KB also slowed the recovery from inactivation and shifted the voltage-dependent inactivation (ΔV 0.5 = −15 mV;K 0.5 ≥ 6.9 μM) and activation to more negative potentials. Intracellular cell dialysis with 10 μM KB had marginal or no effect on inactivation and did not prevent the effect of extracellularly applied drug. In cell-attached patches, extracellular KB prolonged Na+ channel opening. Amiodarone (10 μM) and 10 μM 3,5,-diiodo-l-thyropropionic acid had no effect on inactivation and did not prevent KB effects. 3,3′,5-Triodo-l-thyronine (T3) also had no effect on inactivation, but at 10 μM it increasedI Na amplitude and partially prevented the slowing of inactivation by KB. These data suggest the existence of a binding site for KB and T3 on Na+ channels.
Time-Based Cache Management for Video-on-Demand in P2P Environment

Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks risen as a promising approach to provide large-scale VOD services over the Internet for their potential scalability. Since videos are typically large in volume and require high communication bandwidth for delivery, many peers are unwilling to cache them in whole for serving others. In this paper, we propose a new time-based cache management on peers and a peer clustering technique for better peer management of resource sharing. Simulation results show the performance advantage of our new scheme.
Prevalence of spinal disorders and their relationships with age and gender

Objectives: To establish the period prevalence of spinal disorders referred to physical therapy in a university hospital over a 3-year period, and to determine the relationships of common spinal disorders with patients’ age and gender. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Physical Therapy Department, King Fahd Hospital of the University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia. Computer data of all new electronic referrals from January 2011 to December 2013 were retrieved and reviewed. The computer data included demographic information, referring facility, and diagnosis/disorder. Results: One thousand six hundred and sixty-nine (28.1%) of all referred patients (5929) had spinal disorders. The most common disorders affected the lumbar spine (53.1%) and cervical spine (27.1%), and pain was the most common disorder. Neck pain (60.5%) was more common in patients <30 years old (p<0.001). Cervical spondylosis was common (~30%) in the >30 age groups. Spondylosis and low back pain were more prevalent in women (7.8% and 76.2%) than in men (73.9% and 3.3%). Conclusion: Spinal disorders were common compared with other disorders. Low back pain and neck pain were the most common spinal disorders. Age and gender were weakly related to some of the disorders that affected the lumbar and cervical spine.
Technical opinionThe ethics of IT professionals in China

Ethical intEgrity is a critical, yEt also problEmatic, component of commercial life. Efforts to maintain ethical integrity are often overwhelmed by desires to make money. For many people, the very notion of business ethics is oxymoronic. In modern information societies, the ethical integrity and accountability of IT professionals is particularly important, given the extensive reliance of individuals as well as organisations and governments on various forms of IT. Lawrence Kohlberg 2 undertook some of the most influential research on ethics. He proposed a theory of Cognitive Moral Development (CMD) and developed a six-stage model of ethical reasoning. The six stages of Kohlberg's model are: (1) obey to avoid punishment; (2) comply for immediate self-interests; (3) observe mutual interpersonal expectations and relationships; (4) abide by established laws and rules; (5) conform to the principles and spirit of a socially established system for law and order; (6) uphold principles of rights and justice. Kohlberg's work is widely respected and used, but it has also attracted some criticism, due partly to its overarching focus on 'justice' and exclusive reliance on Western philosophy. Significantly, Chinese philosophies concerning individual rights, duties, ethics, equality and freedom are " compatible with … the subordination of the individual to society and state. " The idea " that there are universal norms applicable to all irrespective of conditions … [is] … more or less anathema to traditional Chinese. " 3 Snarey 6 reviewed 45 studies carried out in 27 countries and concluded that while the first three or perhaps four stages of Kohlberg's model are universal, the latter two or three may differ from one group to another. Remarkably , Snell 7 found that Chinese employees were very likely to obey requests from their boss to do something unethical either in order to fulfil contractual obligations, and thereby avoid punishment (stage 1) while serving their own interests (stage 2), or in order to fulfil interpersonal obligations (stage 3). The fundamental role of personal relationships and obligations in mainland China in lieu of an underdeveloped legal system reinforces this tendency. Thus, the Chinese may rely upon relationship-based solutions to ethical issues (stage 3) in the absence of well-established laws and rules that they could abide by (stage 4) or to which they could conform (stage 5). This article reports on a study that applied Kohlberg's model to investigate the ethical values of IT professionals located in the People's Republic of …
Research Data Explored II: the Anatomy and Reception of figshare

This is the second paper in a series of bibliometric studies of research data. In this paper, we present an analysis of figshare, one of the largest multidisciplinary repositories for research materials to date. We analysed the structure of items archived in figshare, their usage, and their reception in two altmetrics sources (PlumX and ImpactStory). We found that figshare acts (1) as a personal repository for yet unpublished materials, (2) as a platform for newly published research materials, and (3) as an archive for PLOS. Depending on the function, we found different bibliometric characteristics. Items archived from PLOS tend to be coming from the natural sciences and are often unviewed and non-downloaded. Self-archived items, however, come from a variety of disciplines and exhibit some patterns of higher usage. In the altmetrics analysis, we found that Twitter was the social media service where research data gained most attention; generally, research data published in 2014 were most popular across social media services. PlumX detects considerably more items in social media and also finds higher altmetric scores than ImpactStory.
System Configuration and Fabrication Technology for Distributed MEMS

The system configuration and printing-based fabrication technology of distributed MEMS are discussed using our research trials related to those aspects. Based on the concept of autonomous distributed system (ADS), we have constructed and operated a smart conveyer using micro nozzle arrays. We also applied printing technology to fabricate a kind of distributed MEMS, i.e. a flexible display consisting of movable Fabry-Perot interferometers.
Theory of mind in women with borderline personality disorder or schizophrenia: differences in overall ability and error patterns

Although borderline personality disorder (BPD) and schizophrenia (SZ) are notably different mental disorders, they share problems in social cognition—or understanding the feelings, intentions and thoughts of other people. To date no studies have directly compared the social cognitive abilities of individuals with these two disorders. In this study, the social cognitive subdomain theory of mind was investigated in women with BPD (n = 25), women with SZ (n = 25) and healthy women (n = 25). An ecologically valid video-based measure (Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition) was used. For the overall score, women with SZ performed markedly below both healthy women and women with BPD, whereas women with BPD did not perform significantly different compared to the healthy control group. A statistically significant error type × group interaction effect indicated that the groups differed with respect to kind of errors. Whereas women with BPD made mostly overmentalizing errors, women with SZ in addition committed undermentalizing errors. Our study suggests different magnitude and pattern of social cognitive problems in BPD and SZ.
Methylation Array Analysis of Preoperative and Postoperative Saliva DNA in Oral Cancer Patients

Purpose: To perform methylation array analysis of 807 cancer-associated genes using tissue and saliva of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients with the objective of identifying highly methylated gene loci that hold diagnostic and predictive value as a biomarker. Experimental Design: We did the methylation array on DNA extracted from preoperative saliva, postoperative saliva, and tissue of 13 patients with OSCC, and saliva of 10 normal subjects. We identified sites that were highly methylated in the tissue and preoperative saliva samples but not methylated in the postoperative saliva samples or in normal subjects. Results: High quality DNA was obtained and the methylation array was successfully run on all samples. We identified significant differences in methylation patterns between the preoperative and postoperative saliva from cancer patients. We established a gene classifier consisting of 41 gene loci from 34 genes that showed methylation in preoperative saliva and tissue but were not methylated in postoperative saliva or normal subjects. Gene panels of 4 to 10 genes were constructed from genes in the classifier. The panels had a sensitivity of 62% to 77% and a specificity of 83% to 100% for OSCC. Conclusions: We report methylation array analysis of 807 cancer-associated genes in the saliva of oral cancer patients before and after oral cancer resection. Our methylation biomarker approach shows the proof of principle that methylation array analysis of saliva can produce a set of cancer-related genes that are specific and can be used as a composite biomarker for the early detection of oral cancer. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(12):3603–11)
Assessment of some parameterizations of heterogeneous ice nucleation in cloud and climate models

Abstract. Several different types of parameterization of heterogeneous ice nucleation for cloud and climate models have been developed over the past decades, ranging from empirically-derived expressions to parameterizations of ice crystal nucleation rates derived from theory, including the parameterization developed by the authors that includes simultaneous dependence on the temperature and saturation ratio, hereafter referred to as KC. Parameterizations schemes that address the deliquescence-heterogeneous-freezing (DHetF), which combines the modes of condensation freezing and immersion freezing, are assessed here in the context of thermodynamic constraints, laboratory measurements, and recent field measurements. It is shown that empirical schemes depending only on the ice saturation ratio or only on temperature can produce reasonable crystal concentrations, but ice crystal nucleation is thermodynamically prohibited in certain regions of the temperature-saturation ratio phase space. Some recent empirical parameterizations yield clouds that are almost entire liquid at temperatures as low as −35 °C in contrast to cloud climatology. Reasonable performance of the KC ice nucleation scheme is demonstrated by comparison with numerous data from several recent field campaigns, laboratory data, climatology of cloud phase-state. Several mis-applications of the KC parameterization that appeared recently in the literature are described and corrected. It is emphasized here that a correct application of the KC scheme requires integration of the individual nucleation rates over the measured size spectrum of ice nuclei that represent a fraction or several fractions of the environmental aerosol with specific ice nucleation properties. The concentration in these fractions can be substantially smaller than that of the total aerosol, but greater than the crystal concentration measured by an experimental device. Simulations with temperature-dependent active site area or with several IN fractions having different properties show that ice nucleation in the KC scheme occurs in a wide temperature range of 10–20 °C, which depends on IN properties. Simulation with a spectral bin model and correct application of KC scheme adequately describes ice nucleation via the DHetF mode and yields crystal concentrations and phase state close to those measured in the single-layer stratocumulus cloud observed in the Mixed Phase Arctic Cloud Experiment (MPACE). An assessment of some deficiencies in current parcel modeling methods and cloud chamber observations and their impact on parameterization development and evaluation is provided.
The X-Ray Spectrum of Fe16+ Revisited with a Multi-Ion Model

The theoretical intensities of the soft X-ray Fe16+ lines arising from 2l-3l′ transitions are reexamined using a three-ion collisional-radiative model that includes the contributions to line formation of radiative recombination (RR), dielectronic recombination (DR), resonant excitation (RE), and inner-shell collisional ionization (CI), in addition to the usual contribution of collisional excitation (CE). These additional processes enhance mostly the 2p-3s lines and not the 2p-3d lines. Under coronal equilibrium conditions, in the electron temperature range of 400-600 eV where the Fe16+ line emissivities peak, the combined effect of the additional processes is to enhance the 2p-3s lines at 16.78, 17.05, and 17.10 Å, by ~25%, 30%, and 55%, respectively, compared with their traditional, single-ion CE values. The weak 2p-3d line at 15.45 Å is also enhanced by up to 20%, while the other 2p-3d lines are almost unaffected. The effects of DR and RE are found to be dominant in this temperature range (400-600 eV), while that of CI is 3% at the most, and the contribution of RR is less than 1%. At lower temperatures, where the Fe16+/Fe17+ abundance ratio is high, the RE effect dominates. However, as the temperature rises and the Fe17+ abundance increases, the DR effect takes over. The newly calculated line powers can reproduce most of the often observed high values of the (Iλ17.05 + Iλ17.10)/Iλ15. 01 intensity ratio. The importance of ionization and recombination processes to the line strengths also helps to explain why laboratory measurements in which CE is essentially the sole mechanism agree well with single-ion calculations but do not reproduce the astrophysically observed ratios.