Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Isolation, Characterization, and Primary Structure of a Calcium-binding 63-kDa Bone Protein (*)

A novel noncollagenous protein of the mineralized matrix of bovine bone was isolated by ion exchange and gel permeation chromatography. The apparent Mr of the protein is 63,000 as determined by SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The protein is a rather minor constituent in bone and could not be detected in other connective tissues by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of guanidine HCl extracts. The 63-kDa protein was detected in the osteoid and around the osteocytes upon immuno-histochemical staining of bovine compact bone. The sequence of the 63-kDa protein was deduced from cDNA clones isolated from a rat calvaria gt11 expression library. The protein contains two centrally located EF-hand Ca-binding domains. Seven heptad repeats are present indicating the ability of the protein for coiled-coil interactions. Ability to bind calcium was confirmed by Ca binding to protein blotted onto nitrocellulose membrane. The protein was synthesized in calvaria explants as detected by immunoprecipitation of radiolabeled protein from the culture medium. Although the protein can be detected in biochemical amounts in bone only, varying amounts of mRNA for this protein were detected in several rat tissues by RNase protection assay with highest levels in rat calvaria. This extracellular protein corresponds to a mouse protein called nucleobindin.
Structural constraints on the evolution of the collagen fibril: convergence on a 1014-residue COL domain

Type I collagen is the fundamental component of the extracellular matrix. Its α1 gene is the direct descendant of ancestral fibrillar collagen and contains 57 exons encoding the rod-like triple-helical COL domain. We trace the evolution of the COL domain from a primordial collagen 18 residues in length to its present 1014 residues, the limit of its possible length. In order to maintain and improve the essential structural features of collagen during evolution, exons can be added or extended only in permitted, non-random increments that preserve the position of spatially sensitive cross-linkage sites. Such sites cannot be maintained unless the twist of the triple helix is close to 30 amino acids per turn. Inspection of the gene structure of other long structural proteins, fibronectin and titin, suggests that their evolution might have been subject to similar constraints.
Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization Economic Status and Acknowledgement of Earned Entitlement

We present a series of experiments that investigates whether tendencies to acknowledge entitlement owing to effort and productivity are associated with within-society economic status. Each participant played a four-person dictator game under one of two treatments, under one initial endowments were earned, under the other they were randomly assigned. The experiments were conducted in the United Kingdom, and South Africa. In both locations we found that relatively well-off individuals make allocations to others that reflect those others' initial endowments more when those endowments were earned rather than random; among relatively poor individuals this was not the case.
Quantification of Phenolic Constituents and Antioxidant Activity of Pterodon emarginatus Vogel Seeds

In the present study the phenolic (Folin-Dennis) and flavonoid (colorimetric assay) constituents and the antioxidant activity of Pterodon emarginatus seeds were investigated in several samples prepared with different extraction procedures: essential oil (EO) using a Clevenger-type apparatus; hexanic (HF), ethyl acetate (EAF), buthanolic (BF) and methanolic (MF) fractions using Soxhlet extraction, and extracts (1 g/extract) obtained from different methods: reflux 80°C/30 min, ultrasound/30 min, static maceration/48 h and heating plate 100°C/45 min. These extracts were prepared using water or ethanol/water at 30:70 v/v, 50:50 v/v or 70:30 v/v. Antioxidant activity [2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl hydrate (DPPH)] was tested only in the fractions obtained from Soxhlet extraction. The extract obtained from reflux using ethanol/water (70:30, v/v) showed the highest phenolic constituents level. The EAF, BF and MF showed DPPH scavenging activities with IC50=163.22, 18.89 and 10.15 μg/ml, respectively.
Effects of Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy in Young Patients in the Early Stage of Psychosis

Objective To develop a model of group cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for Korean patients with early psychosis. Methods The group CBT utilized in the present study consisted of metacognitive training, cognitive restructuring, and lifestyle managements. The Subjective Well-being Under Neuroleptics (SWN-K), Ambiguous Intentions Hostility Questionnaire (AIHQ), Drug Attitude Inventory (DAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), and Clinical Global Impression (CGI) were administered prior to and after CBT sessions. The participants were categorized into two groups according to the median duration of untreated psychosis (DUP; 4 months). Results A total of 34 patients were included in this analysis. From pre- to post-therapy, there were significant increases in the SWN-K and DAI scores and significant decreases in the hostility subscale of the AIHQ, PSS, and CGI scores. Significant time × DUP interaction effects were observed for the SWN-K, DAI, and BDI scores, such that there were significant changes in patients with a short DUP but not in those with a long DUP. Conclusion The group CBT program had a positive effect on subjective wellbeing, attitude toward treatment, perceived stress, and suspiciousness of young Korean patients with early psychosis. These effects were particularly significant in patients with a short DUP.
Not all anti-T lymphocyte globulin preparations are suitable for use in aplastic anemia: significantly inferior results with jurkat cell-reactive anti-T lymphocyte globulin in clinical practice.

BACKGROUND Immunosuppressive therapy (IST) with anti-T lymphocyte globulin (ATG) plus cyclosporine (CSA) is standard therapy in patients with non-severe aplastic anemia (AA) in need of treatment and severe aplastic anemia (SAA) who do not have an available HLA-matched donor. The aim of this study was to analyze patients submitted to different ATG preparations as first-line treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed adult aplastic anemia (AA) patients who received ATG as first-line treatment between 1999 and 2013 to compare hematologic response and survival. RESULTS During the time period mentioned 4 different ATG preparations had been used in 38 AA patients (34 severe, 4 non-severe). Responses were better with Lymphoglobulin (6 complete response 1 partial response, 0 refractory disease and 2 death within 3 months after ATG, i.e. during induction), Thymoglobulin (3, 1, 4 and 1, respectively) or ATGAM (1, 2, 1 and 1) compared to the ATG-Fresenius (ATG-F) group (3, 0, 6 and 6) (P = .07). Statistically significant inferior results with ATG-Fresenius (3 complete or partial responses, 6 refractoriness and 6 induction deaths) were evident when other preparations are lumped together (14 complete or partial responses, 5 refractoriness and 4 induction mortalities) (P = .045). Estimated 1 year survival rates were 52.5% versus 76.9%, respectively (P = .13). CONCLUSIONS These data support the notion that not all ATG preparations are suitable for use in AA.
Generation of stable cell lines by spontaneous immortalization of primary cultures of porcine granulosa cells

We report the generation of stable cell lines obtained by spontaneous immortalization of primary cultures of porcine granulosa cells. Three hundred stable cell lines were obtained from three independent immortalization trials. Two of these cell lines retained the steroidogenic capabilities characteristic of granulosa cells, such as de novo synthesis of progesterone and conversion of androstenedione into estradiol‐17β. All the stable cell lines expressed the P450arom and 3βHSD genes, confirming their granulosa origin. Moreover, the steroidogenic stable granulosa cells also expressed StAR and P450scc genes. Stable cells were developed in cultures using Medium 199 supplemented with 5% newborn calf serum (NBCS). The surviving cells overcame the senescent phase and entered a stage of continuous growth for over one hundred generations. No stable colonies were obtained from cultures grown in MEM or DMEM or media supplemented with 10% NBCS or 5 and 10% fetal calf serum (FCS). Medium 199 is a formulation richer in nutrients compared to MEM or DMEM and the cell growth capability of NBCS is lower than that of FCS, probably due to deficiency of growth factors. We speculate that spontaneous immortalization of granulosa cells may be facilitated by using a rich culture formulation supplemented with low concentrations of serum deficient in growth factors. We have validated the stable cell lines for studying the effect of hormonal steroids on granulosa cell steroidogenesis and the expression of the steroidogenic genes. Therefore, we believe that they are useful models to study the molecular mechanism involved in granulosa cell differentiation and steroidogenesis. Mol. Reprod. Dev. 57:366–374, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Rules of the Journalistic Field

Pierre Bourdieu's recent research on the media offers a valuable although somewhat inconsistent appraisal of what he describes as the `journalistic field'. The French sociologist applies his main conceptual tools to the media — and more particularly to television — in order to shed light on hidden forms of domination and symbolic violence exercised by television. He emphasizes that market journalism has become a threat to the autonomy of fields endowed with specific rules and capital, such as the academic and the political fields. Bourdieu insists that it is this process that endangers democracy. This article proposes a critical assessment of Bourdieu's sociology of television. Despite a generally sympathetic account, it stresses the epistemological weakness of his work and argues that it is difficult to understand the recent evolution of the French journalistic field — Bourdieu's main case study — without paying more attention to the impact of the political field on the media than Bourdieu does. While ultimately welcoming his stimulating analysis of the overlapping of the political, academic and journalistic fields, the article stresses that Bourdieu's negative diagnosis of television is largely to be explained by his erroneous tackling of `journalists' as a homogeneous category.
A Modified Sequential Monte Carlo Bayesian Occupancy Filter Using Linear Opinion Pool for Grid Mapping

Occupancy grid state mapping is a key process in robotics and autonomous driving systems. It divides the environment into grid cells that contain information states. In this paper, we propose a modified SMC-BOF method to map and predict occupancy grids. The original SMC-BOF has been widely used in the occupancy grid mapping because it has lower computational costs than the BOF method. However, there are some issues related to conflicting information in dynamic situations. The original SMC-BOF cannot completely control an elongated vehicle that has conflicting information caused by the height difference between backward of vehicle and ground. To overcome this problem, we add confidence weights onto a part of the grid mapping process of the original SMC-BOF using the Linear Opinion Pool. We evaluate our method by LIDAR and stereo vision data in the KITTI dataset.
Current Concepts in Drug‐Induced Bile Salt Export Pump (BSEP) Interference

Numerous drugs have been shown to inhibit the activity of the Bile Salt Export Pump (BSEP in humans, Bsep in animals), and this is now considered to be one of several mechanisms by which idiosyncratic drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) may be initiated in susceptible patients. The potential importance of BSEP inhibition by drugs has been recognized by the European Medicines Agency and the International Transporter Consortium, who have recommended that it should be evaluated during drug development when evidence of cholestatic liver injury has been observed in nonclinical safety studies or in human clinical trials. In addition, some pharmaceutical companies have proposed evaluation and minimization of BSEP inhibition during drug discovery, when there is a chemical choice, to help reduce DILI risk. The methods that can be used to assess and quantify BSEP inhibition, and key gaps in our current understanding of the relationship between this process and DILI, are discussed. Curr. Protoc. Toxicol. 61.23.7.1:‐23.7.15. © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
The Four- vs. Alternative Six-Factor Structure of the French WISC-IV. Comparison Using Confirmatory Factor Analyses

Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses reported in the French technical manual of the WISC-IV provides evidence supporting a structure with four indices: Verbal Comprehension (VCI), Perceptual Reasoning (PRI), Working Memory (WMI), and Processing Speed (PSI). Although the WISC-IV is more attuned to contemporary theory, it is still not in total accordance with the dominant theory: the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) theory of cognitive ability. This study was designed to determine whether the French WISC-IV is better described with the four-factor solution or whether an alternative model based on the CHC theory is more appropriate. The intercorrelations matrix reported in the French technical manual was submitted to confirmatory factor analysis. A comparison of competing models suggests that a model based on the CHC theory fits the data better than the current WISC-IV structure. It appears that the French WISC-IV in fact measures six factors: crystallized intelligence (Gc), fluid intelligence (Gf), short-.
Exploring gender differences in attitudes of university students towards entrepreneurship

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to understand gender differences in entrepreneurial intentions as measured by perceived feasibility and perceived desirability, and to explore gender differences in perceptions of entrepreneurship education needs – in terms of programmes, activities or projects – to succeed in an entrepreneurial career from the university student's point of view.Design/methodology/approach – Using data gathered from 3,420 university students in more than ten countries, and applying the Mann‐Whitney non‐parametric test, differences between genders and different intention groups were examined. To reduce the items regarding educational needs, factor analysis was used. Gender differences in educational needs were also examined via Mann‐Whitney Test.Findings – The results confirm that compared to males, female students are less willing to start their own businesses. There are significant gender differences in terms of perceived feasibility and perceived desirability such that although the.
Measurement of the Kidney Function in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis: Plasma Cystatin C versus 51Cr-EDTA Clearance

Background/Aim: Knowledge of the usefulness of cystatin C measurement in the detection of chronic kidney disease in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is scant. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of plasma cystatin C- and creatinine-based methods to predict glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and classify chronic kidney disease in RA patients. Methods: The study population consisted of 64 RA patients aged 41–86 years. Comparisons were made between measured plasma creatinine, cystatin C, creatinine clearance and GFR estimated by the Cockcroft-Gault (CG) and the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) formulas. The plasma clearance of 51Cr-EDTA served as a reference. Results: The Pearson correlation coefficients between plasma clearance of 51Cr-EDTA and the markers of GFR were calculated. The correlation coefficients were 0.800 for plasma creatinine, 0.863 for cystatin C, 0.866 and 0.904 for GFR values estimated by MDRD and CG and 0.922 for plasma creatinine clearance. Statistically significant differences were detected between the correlation coefficients of plasma creatinine and GFR estimated by CG (p = 0.0412) and plasma creatinine and creatinine clearance (p = 0.0099). Creatinine clearance and the MDRD and CG formulas proved to be better at identifying GFR <90 ml/min than plasma creatinine or cystatin C. Conclusion: We recommend using the CG formula or creatinine clearance for the estimation of the GFR of RA patients instead of solely creatinine or cystatin C in clinical work.
Multi-channel through-wall-radar imaging based on image fusion

In the practical application of through-wall-radar imaging, propagation attenuation of electromagnetic wave in wall, heavy clutter in indoor environment and image defocusing with ambiguities of wall parameters reduce the signal-to-clutter ratio of image, which makes it difficult to properly interpret the radar image. In this paper, we consider multi-channel through-wall-radar imaging based on image fusion for combining the single-channel images to obtain a high signal-to-clutter ratio image. Each single-channel image is independently formed by back-projection imaging algorithm. The experiment results are provided to demonstrate the improved performance of the multiple channel scheme compared with the operation from single channel.
Optimal Strategies for Reviewing Search Results

Web search engines respond to a query by returning more results than can be reasonably reviewed. These results typically include the title, link, and snippet of content from the target link. Each result has the potential to be useful or useless and thus reviewing it has a cost and potential benefit. This paper studies the behavior of a rational agent in this setting, whose objective is to maximize the probability of finding a satisfying result while minimizing cost. We propose two similar agents with different capabilities: one that only compares result snippets relatively and one that predicts from the result snippet whether the result will be satisfying. We prove that the optimal strategy for both agents is a stopping rule: the agent reviews a fixed number of results until the marginal cost is greater than the marginal expected benefit, maximizing the overall expected utility. Finally, we discuss the relationship between rational agents and search users and how our findings help us understand reviewing behaviors.
TO HONOR STEVENS AND REPEAL HIS LAW (FOR THE AUDITORY STSTEM)

The purpose of this paper is twofold: to honor S.S. Stevens and his efforts to further our understanding of the psychophysical law for loudness, and to propose a modification of this law in the light of converging evidence. In order to provide a simple, comprehensive law to fit the data from different modalities, second-order details in the loudness function were ignored. These “details” are essential for a full understanding of how loudness grows with increasing intensity. Data from a number of experiments reviewed in this paper indicate that a power function is only a rough approximation to the loudness growth function, because a power law does not fit the data at low and moderate levels. This paper proposes a new psychophysical law for loudness to better describe the data. A non-stationary point of inflection law [or an inflected exponential (INEX) law] appears to be the best description of currently available data.
Mediofrontal negativities to averted gains and losses in the slot-machine task : a further investigation

Abstract: In a previous study we addressed the question whether a feedback-related negativity (FRN) can be elicited by outcomes that are not contingent on any preceding choice or action (Donkers, Nieuwenhuis, & Van Boxtel, 2005). Participants took part in a simple slot-machine task in which they experienced monetary gains and losses in the absence of responses. In addition, they performed a time estimation task often used to study the FRN, and a flanker task known to elicit the error-related negativity (Ne/ERN). Outcomes in the slot-machine task elicited a mediofrontal negativity whose amplitude correlated with the amplitude of the FRN associated with negative feedback in the time estimation task. However, the mediofrontal negativity was observed both for (unfavorable) outcomes that averted a gain and for (favorable) outcomes that averted a loss of money, a finding that is inconsistent with previous FRN research. In the present study we examined the similarity between the mediofrontal negativity observed .
Solidarity and Drug Use in The Electronic Dance Music Scene

Current research and theory on rave culture has articulated a link between solidarity and drug use, although the precise nature of this relationship remains unclear. Work conducted in the field of cultural studies contends that while rave participants engage in drug use, it is by no means the exclusive source of solidarity. However, work in the fields of public health and medical science portrays rave culture as a site of extensive drug consumption and personal risk, where solidarity is dismissed or dubiously acknowledged as chemically induced. Prior research has not sought to reconcile this tension, or to consider how the relationship between drug use and solidarity may have changed over time. Using data from a multimethod ethnography of the rave scene in Philadelphia, we found the drug use–solidarity relationship substantially more complicated than prior scholarship has articulated. Our discoveries, consequently, provide clarification of this relationship as well as advance the literatures on solidarity, collective identity, youth culture, and music scenes.
False assumptions: the challenges and politics of teaching in China

Teachers in American study-abroad programs usually receive little, if any, training before the trip, because ‘teaching is teaching’. The cultural differences between Chinese and American university classrooms, however, affect the students' ability to learn and the teacher's ability to teach in profound ways. Foreign teachers in China require at least a basic understanding of the educational, moral and political dimensions of their classrooms if they wish to maximize the learning potential of their Chinese students. Faculty teaching abroad should be prepared for the politics of their new university department, including management styles that can hamper efforts to acclimatize to the new setting.
Effects of incubation temperature, inoculum size, and time of reading on broth microdilution susceptibility test results for amphotericin B fgainst Fusarium

In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing for filamentous fungi remains unstandardized and is unreliable for determining adequate therapy. A study was performed to evaluate the effect of inoculum size (10(2), 10(3), 10(4), and 10(5) conidia/ml), incubation time (48 and 72 h), and temperature (25, 30, and 35 degrees C) on MICs of amphotericin B for Fusarium spp. (20 strains). The inoculum size showed the clearest effect: when the inoculum was varied from 10(2) to 10(5) conidia/ml, the geometric mean MICs showed increases of between 10- and 19-fold in all the combined conditions of temperature and incubation time assayed. Time of incubation had less effect (increases of between two- and threefold in approximately half of the geometric mean MICs), and temperature especially had little effect (the increases were no higher than twofold). The effects of interaction between inoculum size and temperature on MICs were not statistically significant, while the combined effects of inoculum size and time of reading and of time of reading and temperature produced systematic variation in MICs.