Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Leadership in Workplace Meetings: The Intersection of Leadership Styles and Follower Gender

Meetings are ubiquitous across organizations, yet researchers have paid scant attention to the role of meeting leaders in affecting meeting outcomes. Because meetings are important discursive sites, the style of a meeting leader may influence subordinate views of the meeting and leader. Using a sample of working adults, we first demonstrated that meeting attendees who perceived their leader as participative viewed the leader as more warm and competent than meeting attendees who had a directive leader. We explain this finding through the framework of social exchange theory. In Study 2, we conducted an experiment to further probe the relation between meeting leader style and subordinate perceptions of the leader. Again, participants viewed participative leaders as more warm and competent than directive leaders. Interestingly, working adults preferred participative leaders over directive leaders across every type of work meeting. We further found that participant gender interacted with leader style, such that men rated directive leaders are warmer than did women, but men and women did not differ in their assessments of participative leaders.
Relating invariant linear form and local epsilon factors via global methods

We use the recent proof of Jacquet's conjecture due to Harris and Kudla [HK] and the Burger-Sarnak principle (see [BS]) to give a proof of the relationship between the existence of trilinear forms on representations of GL 2 (k u ) for a non-Archimedean local field k u and local epsilon factors which was earlier proved only in the odd residue characteristic by this author in [P1, Theorem 1.4]. The method used is very flexible and gives a global proof of a theorem of Saito and Tunnell about characters of GL 2 using a theorem of Waldspurger [W, Theorem 2] about period integrals for GL 2 and also an extension of the theorem of Saito and Tunnell by this author in [P3, Theorem 1.2] which was earlier proved only in odd residue characteristic. In the appendix to this article, H. Saito gives a local proof of Lemma 4 which plays an important role in the article.
Lower bound on bandwidth for feasible channel assignment in multimedia cellular networks

We derive lower bounds on the bandwidth requirement for feasible channel assignment in a hexagonal cellular network for multimedia communications. An understanding of such bounds would greatly enhance the ability of service providers to offer multimedia based applications over cellular networks. For simplicity, we consider only two types of multimedia signals, with single demand for each type at each node in a 2-band buffering environment, where interference does not extend beyond two cells. Our approach considers the feasibility of assignment at each node, based on all previously assigned channels to its neighbors. The derived lower bounds are tighter than the one reported in the literature, with an improvement of the bounds by about 17% under typical situations.
The Metamorphosis of Tidally Stirred Dwarf Galaxies

We present results from high-resolution N-body/SPH (smoothed particle hydrodynamic) simulations of rotationally supported dwarf irregular galaxies moving on bound orbits in the massive dark matter halo of the Milky Way. The dwarf models span a range in disk surface density and the masses and sizes of their dark halos are consistent with the predictions of cold dark matter cosmogonies. We show that the strong tidal field of the Milky Way determines severe mass loss in their halos and disks and induces bar and bending instabilities that transform low surface brightness dwarfs (LSBs) into dwarf spheroidals (dSphs) and high surface brightness dwarfs (HSBs) into dwarf ellipticals (dEs) in less than 10 Gyr. The final central velocity dispersions of the remnants are in the range 8-30 km s-1 and their final v/σ falls to values less than 0.5, matching well the kinematics of early-type dwarfs. The transformation requires the orbital time of the dwarf to be ≲3-4 Gyr, which implies a halo as massive and extended as predicted by hierarchical models of galaxy formation to explain the origin of even the farthest dSph satellites of the Milky Way, Leo I, and Leo II. We show that only dwarfs with central dark matter densities as high as those of Draco and Ursa Minor can survive for 10 Gyr in the proximity of the Milky Way. A correlation between the central density and the distance of the dwarfs from the primary galaxy is indeed expected in hierarchical models, in which the densest objects should have small orbital times because of their early formation epochs. Part of the gas is stripped and part is funneled to the center because of the bar, generating one strong burst of star formation in HSBs and smaller, multiple bursts in LSBs. Therefore, the large variety of star formation histories observed in Local Group dSphs arises because different types of dIrr progenitors respond differently to the external perturbation of the Milky Way. Our evolutionary model naturally explains the morphology-density relation observed in the Local Group and in other nearby loose groups. Extended low surface brightness stellar and gaseous streams originate from LSBs and follow the orbit of the dwarfs for several gigayears. Because of their high velocities, unbound stars projected along the line of sight can lead to overestimating the mass-to-light ratio of the bound remnant by a factor ≲2, but this does not eliminate the need of extremely high dark matter contents in some of the dSphs.
Selection And/ Peer-review under Responsibility of Academic World Research and Education Center Determinants of Dividend Policy: Evidence from Polish Listed Companies

Dividend policy has been still a controversial issue in corporate finance. The question, when and why do firms pay dividends, is still valid. Vast literature has examined the dividend policies of firms from developed countries, especially from U.S. Relatively little research has yet been published examining the dividend policies of companies from emerging countries. The main goal of this paper is to examine cash dividend payments of Polish listed companies. In this study, panel data analysis is applied to investigate the determinants of dividend policies of Polish companies. The paper also explains the impact of different factors on dividend policy on Polish market. Moreover, it tries to examine whether the same factors (profitability, liquidity, size, leverage of the firm) affect dividend payout decisions on Polish market as on developed countries.
Genetic Influences on Individual Differences in Exercise Behavior during Adolescence

The aim of this study was to investigate the degree to which genetic and environmental influences affect variation in adolescent exercise behavior. Data on regular leisure time exercise activities were analyzed in 8,355 adolescent twins, from three-age cohorts (13-14, 15-16, and 17–19 years). Exercise behavior was assessed with survey items about type of regular leisure time exercise, frequency, and duration of the activities. Participants were classified as sedentary, regular exercisers, or vigorous exercisers. The prevalence of moderate exercise behavior declined from age 13 to 19 years with a parallel increase in prevalence of sedentary behavior, whereas the prevalence of vigorous exercise behavior remained constant across age cohorts. Variation in exercise behavior was analyzed with genetic structural equation modeling employing a liability threshold model. Variation was largely accounted for by genetic factors (72% to 85% of the variance was explained by genetic factors), whereas shared environmental factors only accounted for a substantial part of the variation in girls aged 13-14 years (46%). We hypothesize that genetic effects on exercise ability may explain the high heritability of exercise behavior in this phase of life.
Shading-based refinement on volumetric signed distance functions

We present a novel method to obtain fine-scale detail in 3D reconstructions generated with low-budget RGB-D cameras or other commodity scanning devices. As the depth data of these sensors is noisy, truncated signed distance fields are typically used to regularize out the noise, which unfortunately leads to over-smoothed results. In our approach, we leverage RGB data to refine these reconstructions through shading cues, as color input is typically of much higher resolution than the depth data. As a result, we obtain reconstructions with high geometric detail, far beyond the depth resolution of the camera itself. Our core contribution is shading-based refinement directly on the implicit surface representation, which is generated from globally-aligned RGB-D images. We formulate the inverse shading problem on the volumetric distance field, and present a novel objective function which jointly optimizes for fine-scale surface geometry and spatially-varying surface reflectance. In order to enable the efficient reconstruction of sub-millimeter detail, we store and process our surface using a sparse voxel hashing scheme which we augment by introducing a grid hierarchy. A tailored GPU-based Gauss-Newton solver enables us to refine large shape models to previously unseen resolution within only a few seconds.
Researching Entrepreneurship as Lived Experience

Much entrepreneurship research explicitly or implicitly employs positivistic methods where theoretical concepts and the things we encounter in the world are treated as unequivocally given. While important such approaches tend to bracket many animated aspects of human being and behaviour commonly associated with entrepreneurship. To offer an alternative this chapter introduces the phenomenological tradition through the philosophies of Edmund Husserl and Martin Heidegger. Phenomenology problematizes positivism and sees all knowledge as grounded in the everyday life experiences. Building from this tradition, phenomenological methods can be used to capture and communicate the meanings of different entrepreneurial experiences. Such an approach allows for a deeper understanding of how theoretical concepts and empirical events are understood and translated into action by entrepreneurs.
Crucial Role of IL1beta and C3a in the In Vitro-Response of Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells to Inflammatory Mediators of Polytrauma

Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSC) exert immune-modulatory effects and support tissue regeneration in various local trauma models. In case of a polytrauma, high amounts of danger-associated molecular patterns are released, leading to a systemic increase of inflammatory mediators. The influence of such a complex inflammatory microenvironment on human MSC is mainly unknown so far. Therefore, we investigated the effects of a defined serum-free polytrauma “cocktail” containing ILͳbeta, IL6, IL8 and the anaphylatoxins C3a and C5a, in concentrations corresponding to those measured in the blood of polytrauma patients, on human MSC in vitro. The polytrauma cocktail induced directed migration of MSC with C3a representing its major soluble chemoattractive agent. Furthermore, the polytrauma cocktail and IL1beta upregulated the expression of MMP1 indicating a potential role of IL1beta to enhance MSC migration in the tissue context. COX2, PTGES and TSG6 were also found to be upregulated upon stimulation with the polytrauma cocktail or IL1beta, but not through other single factors of the polytrauma cocktail in pathophysiologically relevant concentrations. An RNA expression array of 84 inflammation-related genes revealed that both the polytrauma cocktail and IL1beta induced C3, CSF1, TLR3 and various chemokines without major qualitative or quantitative differences. These results indicate that IL1beta is a crucial mediator of the polytrauma cocktail in terms of immune-modulation and MMP1 expression. Thus, upon encountering the primary sterile, inflammatory milieu of a polytrauma, endogenous or systemically transfused MSC might be able to migrate to sites of injury, secrete TSG6 and PGE2 and to influence macrophage biology as observed in local trauma models.
A Probability-Based Algorithm Using Image Sensors to Track the LED in a Vehicle Visible Light Communication System

This paper proposes a probability-based algorithm to track the LED in vehicle visible light communication systems using a camera. In this system, the transmitters are the vehicles’ front and rear LED lights. The receivers are high speed cameras that take a series of images of the LEDs. The data embedded in the light is extracted by first detecting the position of the LEDs in these images. Traditionally, LEDs are detected according to pixel intensity. However, when the vehicle is moving, motion blur occurs in the LED images, making it difficult to detect the LEDs. Particularly at high speeds, some frames are blurred at a high degree, which makes it impossible to detect the LED as well as extract the information embedded in these frames. The proposed algorithm relies not only on the pixel intensity, but also on the optical flow of the LEDs and on statistical information obtained from previous frames. Based on this information, the conditional probability that a pixel belongs to a LED is calculated. Then, the position of LED is determined based on this probability. To verify the suitability of the proposed algorithm, simulations are conducted by considering the incidents that can happen in a real-world situation, including a change in the position of the LEDs at each frame, as well as motion blur due to the vehicle speed.
Cellular interference alignment

Interference alignment (IA) promises that, in Gaussian interference channels, each link can support half of a degree of freedom (DoF) per pair of transmit-receive antennas. However, in general, this result requires to precode the data bearing signals over a signal space of asymptotically large diversity, e.g., over an infinite number of dimensions in time-frequency for time-frequency varying fading channels. Here, we propose a communication scenario in wireless cellular systems where the promised optimal DoFs are achieved with linear precoding in one-shot (coding over a single time-frequency slot). We focus on uplink cellular systems, where each cell is split into three sectors and assume that interference is generated locally between transmitters and receivers of neighboring cells. We consider a message-passing network architecture, in which nearby sectors can exchange already decoded messages and propose an alignment solution that can achieve the optimal DoFs. To avoid signaling schemes relying on the strength of interference, we further introduce the notion of topologically robust schemes, which are able to guarantee a minimum rate (or degrees of freedom) no matter if the interference link are strong or weak. Towards this end, we design an alignment scheme which is topologically robust and still achieves the same optimum DoFs.
Inhibition of Notch signaling affects hepatic oval cell response in rat model of 2AAF-PH

Background and aims Activation of the oval cell compartment occurs in the liver when hepatocytes are functionally compromised and/or unable to divide. Our goal was to investigate the systemic signals responsible for determining the efficiency of oval cell-mediated liver regeneration, focusing on the Notch signaling cascade. Methods The established oval cell induction protocol of 2-acetylaminofluorine (2-AAF) implantation followed by 70% surgical resection of the liver (partial hepatectomy, PH) was employed in a rat model. This oval cell induction model was further combined with injections of a γ-secretase inhibitor (GSI XX) to examine the effects of Notch inhibition on oval cell-aided regeneration of the liver. Results Notch signaling was found to be upregulated at the peak of oval cell induction during 2AAF-PH alone. Treatment with GSI XX led to interruption of the Notch signal, as shown by a decrease in expression of Hes1. While there was a robust oval cell response seen at day 11 post-PH, there was a measurable delay in differentiation when Notch was inhibited. This was confirmed morphologically as well as by immunohistochemistry for the oval cell markers, α-fetoprotein, OV-6, and CK19. The hepatocytes seen at day 22 demonstrated an enhanced hepatocellular mitoinhibition index (p21Waf1/Ki67), suggestive of dysregulated proliferation and cell cycle progression. Moreover, these hepatocytes exhibited decreased expression of hepatocyte functional markers, such as cytochrome P450 and glucose-6-phosphatase-α. Conclusion Taken together, these results identify the Notch signaling pathway as a potent regulator of differentiation and proliferation in oval cells, which is necessary for functional repair of the liver by oval cells.
The Postman Always Rings Twice: Attacking and Defending postMessage in HTML5 Websites

The postMessage mechanism in HTML5 enables Web content from different origins to communicate with each other, thus relaxing the same origin policy. It is especially popular in websites that include third-party content. Each message contains accurate information about its origin, but the receiver must check this information before accepting the message. The responsibility for preventing cross-origin attacks is thus partially delegated from the Web browser to the implementors of postMessage receiver functions. We collected postMessage receivers from the Alexa top 10,000 websites and found that many perform origin checks incorrectly or not at all. This results in exploitable vulnerabilities in 84 popular sites, including cross-site scripting and injection of arbitrary content into local storage. We propose two defenses. The first uses pseudo-random tokens to authenticate the source of messages and is intended for the implementors of third-party content. The second, based on a Content Security Policy extension, is intended for website owners. The two defenses are independent and can be deployed jointly or separately.
Expanding a Catalogue of Deceptive Linguistic Features with NLP Technologies

We evaluate conversational transcripts of deceptive speech using a sophisticated natural language processing tool called Coh-Metrix. Coh-Metrix is unique in that it tracks linguistic features based on social and cognitive factors. The results from Coh-Metrix are compared to linguistic features reported in previous independent deception research, which used a natural language processing tool called LIWC. The comparison provides converging validity for several linguistic features, and establishes new insights on deceptive language.
BSI Low Light Level CMOS Image Sensor Employing P-type Pixel

A backside illuminated (BSI) CMOS imager technology optimized for night vision applications ( NVCMOS TM ) has been developed employing a hole-based p-type pixel (pMOS). Benefits of the technology include lower dark current and reduced random telegraph noise (RTN) as compared to conventional electron-based n-type pixels (nMOS). The measured performance of the BSI first generation digital reference design is reported. A high definition sensor (1920 x 1200) now in development is described.
Modification of surface winds near ocean fronts: Effects of Gulf Stream rings on scatterometer (QuikSCAT, NSCAT) wind observations

[1] Modifications to surface winds by currents and sea surface temperature (SST) gradients near frontal boundaries of Gulf Stream rings are analyzed using satellite SST and scatterometer (NASA's Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT), NASA scatterometer (NSCAT)) wind observations. A component of scatterometer wind approximately equal and opposite to the surface current vector is observed and attributed to the fact that scatterometers detect relative motion of water and air. Warm-core ring (WCR) SSTs act to destabilize the marine atmospheric boundary layer (MABL), increasing surface wind magnitude by 10–15% and decreasing veering angle by 5–15° relative to large-scale mean winds. Cold-core ring (CCR) SSTs cause impacts of similar magnitude and opposite sense. Magnitudes and directions of modifications are accounted for by MABL dynamics of a nonlinear planetary boundary layer model forced by air-sea temperature differences. Wind modifications occur within tens of kilometers of SST fronts, implying a wind response timescale of order 1 hour. By contrast, uniformity of modified winds across the larger area within rings suggests the response time for the MABL to return to equilibrium downstream from a front exceeds 10 hours. Over WCRs, strong divergence (convergence) occurs on the upwind (downwind) side; curl is strongly negative (positive) to the right (left) side facing downwind. Opposite patterns are generally seen over CCRs. Divergence (curl) peaks where winds blow perpendicular (parallel) to SST fronts. SST image analysis indicates enhanced cloudiness occurs with downwind convergence over WCRs. Wind stress curl due to ring modifications causes dipolar Ekman pumping sufficient to influence ring translation and decay processes.
Micro‐structural tissue analysis for automatic histopathological image annotation

This article presents a new approach for extracting high level semantic concepts from digital histopathological images. This strategy provides not only annotation of several biological concepts, but also a coarse location of these concepts. The proposed approach is composed of five main steps: (1) a stain decomposition stage, which separates the contribution of hematoxylin and eosin dyes, (2) a color standardization that corrects color image differences, (3) a part‐based representation, which describes the image in terms of the conditional probability of relevant local patches, selected by their stain contributions, (4) a discriminative classification model, which bridges out the found patterns and the biological concepts, (5) a block‐based annotation strategy that identifies the multiple biological concepts within an image. A set of 655 skin images, containing 10 biological concepts of skin tissues were used for assessing the proposed approach, obtaining a sensitivity of 84% and a specificity of 67% when annotating images with multiple concepts. Microsc. Res. Tech., 2011. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Mining Textual Contents of Financial Reports

The message, stylistic focus, language and readability of financial reports are good indicators of the perspectives and developments of any company. These indicators can guide companies ̓decision makers to more efficient actions in the dynamic business environment. In this paper, we have studied the language and contents of quarterly financial reports using automated linguistic and text mining methods. We aim at comparing the results from linguistic analysis of quarterly reports by means of collocational networks and the results obtained from text mining analysis of quarterly report by means of the prototype matching. We perform the study on the quarterly reports from three leading companies in the telecommunications sector. Our results are somewhat controversial: some of the reports from the companies have as their closest matches the reports with similar collocational networks and some do not have.