Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Developing a Motion Comic for HIV/STD Prevention for Young People Ages 15–24, Part 2: Evaluation of a Pilot Intervention

ABSTRACT In the United States, young people (ages 15–24 years) are disproportionately affected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), due at least in part to inadequate or incorrect HIV/STD-related knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and behavioral intentions (KABI). Comic book narratives are a proven method of HIV/STD prevention communication to strengthen KABI for HIV/STD prevention. Motion comics, a new type of comic media, are an engaging and low-cost means of narrative storytelling. The objective of this study was to quantitatively evaluate the effectiveness of a pilot six-episode HIV/STD-focused motion comic series to improve HIV/STD-related KABI among young people. We assessed change in HIV/STD knowledge, HIV stigma, condom attitudes, HIV/STD testing attitudes, and behavioral intentions among 138 participants in 15 focus groups immediately before and after viewing the motion comic series. We used paired t-tests and indicators of overall improvement to assess differences between surveys. We found a significant decrease in HIV stigma (p < .001) and increases in both HIV knowledge (p = .002) and behavioral intentions to engage in safe sex (p < .001). In summary, this motion comic intervention improved HIV/STD-related KABI of young adult viewers by reducing HIV stigma and increasing behavioral intentions to engage in safer sex. Our results demonstrate the promise of this novel intervention and support its use to deliver health messages to young people.
Unregulated Internet Usage: Addiction, Habit, or Deficient Self-Regulation?

Recent reports of problematic forms of Internet usage bring new currency to the problem of "media addictions" that have long been the subject of both popular and scholarly writings. The research in this article reconsidered such behavior as deficient self-regulation within the framework of A. Bandura's (1991) theory of self-regulation. In this framework, behavior patterns that have been called media addictions lie at one extreme of a continuum of unregulated media behavior that extends from normally impulsive media consumption patterns to extremely problematic behavior that might properly be termed pathological. These unregulated media behaviors are the product of deficient self-regulatory processes through which media consumers monitor, judge, and adjust their own behavior, processes that may be found in all media consumers. The impact of deficient self-regulation on media behavior was examined in a sample of 465 college students. A measure of deficient self-regulation drawn from the diagnostic criteria used in past studies of pathological Internet usage was significantly and positively correlated to Internet use across the entire range of consumption, including among normal users who showed relatively few of the "symptoms. " A path analysis demonstrated that depression and media habits formed to alleviate depressed moods undermined self-regulation and led to increased Internet usage.
Modification in Flap Design of the Epigastric Artery Flap in Rats–A New Experimental Flap Model

The standard rat epigastric artery flap has been a very reliable model for flap research. The purpose of this study was to describe a modified design of this flap that included only the medial branch of the epigastric artery. Axial-pattern epigastric island skin flaps, measuring 8 × 8 cm, were raised in two groups of Sprague-Dawley male rats. In group A (N = 20) the vascular pedicle consisted of the main trunk of the epigastric vessel and both medial and lateral branches. In group B (N = 20) the flap was based solely on the medial branch of the epigastric artery, excluding the large lateral branch. The flaps were elevated and then sutured back to their beds. Flap survival was studied and the amount of viable skin in both groups was compared 1 week later. The rats were photographed using a digital camera and the images were analyzed using imaging software. The mean percentage surviving flap area in group A was 86.24% and in group B it was 69.72%, which is statistically significant (p < 0.001). We believe that this flap model, with its new modified design that includes a larger flap and inclusion of only the medial branch, will broaden its application to microsurgery. The main advantage of this flap over the conventional epigastric flap is that in this model it is possible to achieve predictable and consistent necrosis in the random extension of the flap.
Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco

AIR MAIL Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, Washington 25, D. C. Dear Sirs: Pursuant to the Board's request of January 27, 1949* for a supplemental reply to S-953 with regard to significant developments in the Regulation W field, we are enclosing a report furnishing answers to the questions enumerated in the Boards letter, together with a resume of views expressed by Directors of this bank including branches. Yours very truly,
The Whole-Life Impacts of Transport-Charging Interventions on Business Performance: A Time-Marching Framework

A major concern of business with respect to transport-charging interventions is the context of revenue-investment policy, particularly how the timing of improvements may alter the time lags between fewer car journeys and more public transport journeys, and the problems for business in the intervening periods. The authors present a conceptual framework and case study of the whole-life effects on business performance. The impacts of charging occur as a sequence of gradually interacting changes, rather than as a single set of impacts, and positive amenity effects brought about through revenue hypothecation occur incrementally, taking years to achieve full effect. In the case study, a Delphi panel of business leaders predicted the time-marching effects of workplace-parking levies and road-user charging over a 24-year period in Nottingham. The findings revealed that the temporal nature of hypothecation results in minor fluctuations in performance for some business sectors in the first few years, but that these tail off as benefits gradually overwhelm disbenefits resulting in modest increases in performance for most sectors in the medium to long term. Many local authorities are reluctant to implement charging interventions due to concerns about economic vitality; it is expected that the results will inform policy and future research in this area.
Job Mobility , Wage Dispersion , and Technological Change : An Asymmetric Information Perspective

This paper develops a model of job mobility and wage dispersion with asymmetric information. Contrary to existing models in which the superior information of current employers leads to market collapse, this model generates a unique equilibrium outcome in which a) positive turnover exists and b) identical workers may be paid di¤erently. The model implies that, in the presence of technological change that is skill-biased and favors general skills over rm-speci c skills, the wage distribution becomes more spread out (corresponding to greater inequality) and job mobility increases. JEL Classi cations: D82, J31, J63
Population‐based study of cancer among carriers of a constitutional structural chromosomal rearrangement

We measured the occurrence of cancer in an unselected cohort of carriers of constitutional structural rearrangements in virtually complete nationwide registries for cancer and constitutional cytogenetic abnormalities. We identified 4,816 carriers of a constitutional structural rearrangement in the Danish Cytogenetic Registry and searched for cancer diagnoses by linkage to the Danish Cancer Registry. There was no overall increased risk for cancer among carriers (standardized incidence ratio [SIR], 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.84–1.10), and no significant difference from that expected was found in balanced and unbalanced rearrangements or in any subtypes of rearrangements. We found significantly lower risks for carriers with rearrangements involving chromosome 21 (SIR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.22–0.99) and for paternally inherited rearrangements (SIR, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.06–0.88). Risk estimates for the observed type‐specific cancers showed an increased risk for non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (SIR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.09–3.69). However, subgroup analyses were not guided by study hypotheses, and our statistical evaluation of the data should be looked upon as exploratory. In addition, we found 12 constitutional structural rearrangements with a breakpoint potentially associated with a cancer‐related gene. Potential new loci associated with type‐specific cancers were suggested by the findings of families with more than one affected carrier and by the involvement of the same cytogenetic bands in unrelated carriers. Molecular mapping of these breakpoints might provide new insight into cancer predisposition. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A Qualitative Case Study of Two Chemically Dependent Women With Compulsive Sexual Behaviors

The purpose of this research study is to gain a better understanding of chemically dependent women who have no memory of sexual abuse but who have a pattern of sexual acting out behaviors which may be indicative of abuse. Two chemically dependent women were interviewed on three different occasions for 2.5 hours at each meeting. The research questions addressed with each of the two subjects in this study were as follows: (1) What are the patterns and characteristics of these women? and, (2) How do these women describe their family of origin? These women had both experienced verbal and emotional abuse growing up in their family of origin but neither has a remembered experience of overt sexual abuse. Subjects for this qualitative study were selected through purposeful sampling. The major findings from this study-of mother as unsafe, tensions and stress in the family of origin, and isolation-are all supported in the literature related to families and children of alcoholics. More specifically, these findings are well documented by experts in the chemical dependency field as well as researchers within the field of marriage and the family. Findings within these two individual case studies were supported in the literature on sexual addiction. Marie s theme of use of church activity is part of Carnes (1983) description of the cycle of shame where a sexual addict will, after a period of acting out sexually, feel shame and remorse. This acting out period then is followed by a time of sexually acting in by being good and therefore providing the individual with some relief from the shame and guilt. Janice s individual theme of first getting drunk and then acting out sexually is described in the literature on chemically dependent women as addictive sexual behavior where the behavior (or the experience through the behavior) is addictive, as opposed to being a sexual addict.
Investigating Cognitive Inhibition in Dissociative Identity Disorder Compared to Depression, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Psychosis

ABSTRACT Cognitive inhibition refers to the mental capacity to suppress distracting stimuli that compete with target stimuli for processing resources. Using neutral word stimuli in a flanker task, a recent study suggested that dissociative identity disorder (DID) is characterized by weakened cognitive inhibitory functioning (Dorahy, Irwin, & Middleton, 2002). The current study used single digit stimuli in the flanker task and tested cognitive inhibitory ability in samples with DID, depression, posttraumatic stress disorder and psychosis. The DID, depressed and PTSD groups displayed no evidence of weakened cognitive inhibitory functioning. Consistent with previous research, however, the psychosis sample displayed a reduced capacity to engage in cognitive inhibition. Cognitive inhibitory ability was not related to measures of dissociation, childhood traumatic experience or schizotypy. Results are discussed in terms of the positive symptoms of schizophrenia and the nature of stimuli used in the flanker task.
Implementing School-Wide Positive Behavioural Interventions and Supports to Better Meet the Needs of Indigenous Students

This article examines the need for and importance of culturally responsive behaviour support for Indigenous students. Many of the educational challenges currently faced by Indigenous students can be explained by cultural disconnect and a mismatch between school expectations and cultural values. Principles of Indigenous approaches to behaviour support are described and compared with school-wide positive behavioural interventions and supports (PBIS), a framework for building a positive school culture that shows promise in relation to culturally responsive practice. The authors provide a brief overview of PBIS and adaptations of this practice to meet the needs of Indigenous students. A descriptive case study of PBIS implementation in a high school in the Northwest Territories provides an example of culturally responsive implementation of PBIS.
Identification as an organizational anchor: how identification and job satisfaction combine to predict turnover intention

The article examines the role of organizational identification and job satisfaction in relation to turnover intentions in seven organizations. Two models are proposed in which either job satisfaction or organizational identification was treated as a mediator of the other's relationship with turnover intention. The organizations varied in terms of culture (Japan vs. UK), and institutional domain (academic, business, health, mail, legal). Within each organization, and meta-analytically combined across the seven samples (N = 1392), organizational identification mediated the relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention more than job satisfaction mediated the relationship between organizational identification, and turnover intention. Organizational identification also had the larger overall relationship with turnover intention. This pattern remained true when gender, age, type of organization, culture, and length of tenure were accounted for, although the direct relationship between job satisfaction and turnover intention was stronger in private than public organizations and when the ratio of men was higher. The findings are consistent with a social identity theory (SIT) perspective and with the idea that identification is a more proximal predictor of turnover intention. Over and above job satisfaction, organizational identification offers a strong psychological anchor that discourages turnover intention in a range of organizational contexts. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Suppression Effects in Rhyme Judgement Tasks

Orthographic and phonological similarity were orthogonally manipulated in a rhyme judgement task. The effects were assessed of paced versus very rapid articulatory suppression on subjects’ ability to make rhyme judgements when pairs of words were presented either simultaneously or successively. It was found that there were consistent suppression effects on the accuracy of subjects’ judgements to visually similar non-rhyming pairs (e.g. “pint-tint”), visually dissimilar rhyming pairs (e.g. “fare–wear”) and visually similar rhyming pairs (e.g. “fall–tall), regardless of mode of presentation or speed of suppression. The size of the suppression effect was greatest for the visually similar non-rhyming word pairs. It was argued that subjects need to carry out a recheck for phonological similarity when word pairs are visually but not phonologically similar, and that encoding the words in articulatory form is particularly beneficial for making accurate rhyme judgements to such pairs.
Improving school attendance: can participation in outdoor learning influence attendance for young people with social, emotional and behavioural difficulties?

The link between good attendance in school and academic performance has been acknowledged for some time now. However, improving school attendance for young people with social, emotional and behavioural difficulties (SEBD) or pupils at risk of exclusion can be a challenging task for educational leaders. This paper begins with a discussion of earlier studies on outdoor learning and school attendance. It adds to the discourse by presenting findings from a one-year outdoor learning programme situated within an English special school for young people with SEBD. The research reported here is part of a larger study that used an action research design. The paper concludes that although improvements in attendance can be achieved, the factors affecting attendance are complex and that improvements may be restricted to programmes that utilise an outdoor learning approach rather than being achievable across the whole school curriculum.
“I’m Khmer and I’m not a gangster!”: the problematization of Cambodian male youth in US schools

In response to a literature that has paid limited attention to the complex representations of Cambodian students, this article investigated the ways in which Cambodian male youth were problematized in school through Discourses that presented them as apathetic students and/or gang members at one California high school. In this study, the ways in which race, gender, and class collided in the school experiences of Cambodian boys manifested themselves in troubling representations that deflected attention away from the school’s failure to teach these young men. For these negative representations to work, it was necessary to position Cambodian boys in contrast to more positive depictions of other students’ racial (whites and “East Asians”), class (non-“ghetto”), and gender (good Cambodian girls) categories. Overall, this study contributes an important dimension for understanding the education of Asian American urban male students, particularly Cambodian youth.
Granulocyte– and monocyte–platelet adhesion index in coronary and peripheral blood after extracorporeal circulation and reperfusion

Neutrophil‐granulocyte and mononuclear‐cell functional changes occur during cardiopulmonary bypass and cardiovascular surgery. In particular, leukocyte–platelet interaction, leading to generation of heterotypic coaggregates, represents an amplification mechanism of the local inflammatory response and tissue damage.
The “Management Standards” for stress in large organizations

Purpose – In Great Britain, the ‘”Management Standards” were launched in 2004 and formally published in 2007 by the Health and Safety Executive to help organizations manage work‐related stress. The purpose of this paper is to examine how these Standards are translated into organizational practice.Design/methodology/approach – The research uses case studies carried out in five large organizations drawn from the public and private sectors in Great Britain.Findings – Senior management commitment and worker participation are key to managing work‐related stress and are commonly reported across organizations, although to variable form and depth. The solution chosen to identify stress issues is a short assessment of all staff via annual staff surveys, coupled with in‐depth assessments of groups at risk. Common practice also includes combining individual and organizational interventions. One significant challenge emerges as the translation from identified stress issues to focussed interventions and their evaluati.
Phoneme recognition using time-delay neural networks

The authors present a time-delay neural network (TDNN) approach to phoneme recognition which is characterized by two important properties: (1) using a three-layer arrangement of simple computing units, a hierarchy can be constructed that allows for the formation of arbitrary nonlinear decision surfaces, which the TDNN learns automatically using error backpropagation; and (2) the time-delay arrangement enables the network to discover acoustic-phonetic features and the temporal relationships between them independently of position in time and therefore not blurred by temporal shifts in the input. As a recognition task, the speaker-dependent recognition of the phonemes B, D, and G in varying phonetic contexts was chosen. For comparison, several discrete hidden Markov models (HMM) were trained to perform the same task. Performance evaluation over 1946 testing tokens from three speakers showed that the TDNN achieves a recognition rate of 98.5% correct while the rate obtained by the best of the HMMs was only 93.7%. >
The Bounce Back Retention Program: One-Year Follow-UP Study

This study provides results regarding the effectiveness of the Bounce Back Retention Program (BBRP), a semester-long voluntary course for students on academic probation (AP). This is the first phase of a longitudinal study of spring 2007 freshmen at San Diego State University (SDSU). Results were analyzed for three samples: 1) AP BBRP—Credit enrolled and earned course credit (n = 81); 2) AP—BBRP No Credit enrolled but failed to earn course credit (n = 44); and 3) AP—NonBBRP did not enroll in BBRP but were on AP (n = 835). BBRP efficacy was assessed by comparing semester and cumulative GPA's, academic outcome (probation removal, probation continued, disqualification), and university departure rates between the three samples immediately after and up to three semesters later. Findings reveal AP BBRP = Credit students earned: higher GPA's, improved academic outcomes, and fewer departures from the university. The value of a theoretically-based programmatic approach to retention is discussed.
Human-centric connectivity enabled by body-coupled communications

With the growing number of mobile devices surrounding a person's body, there is an increasing need to connect this electronic equipment efficiently into a wireless body-area network. In this article we review the body-coupled communications technology, which we show to be a viable basis for future BANs. In BCC, the human body is used as a signal propagation medium, which provides a key benefit - the communication is centered around the user and limited to his or her close proximity, that is, this technology provides human-centric connectivity. This enables unique applications that are illustrated in this work. Moreover, we outline the fundamental properties of the BCC technology and provide different trade-offs and challenges for modulation and protocol design. This article also discusses the outlook for BCC and suggests a number of important research topics.
A new built-in TPG method for circuits with random patternresistant faults

The partition of the inputs of a circuit under test (CUT) into groups of compatible inputs reduces the size of a test pattern generator and the length of the test sequence for built-in self-test (BIST) applications. In this paper, a new test-per-clock BIST scheme is proposed which is based on multiple input partitions. The test session consists of two or more phases, and a new grouping is applied during each test phase. Using the proposed method a CUT can be tested at-speed and complete fault coverage (100%) is achieved with a small number of test vectors and small area overhead. Our experiments show that the proposed technique compares favorably to the already known techniques.