Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Manganese and iron reduction dominate organic carbon oxidation in surface sediments of the deep Ulleung Basin, East Sea

Abstract. Rates and pathways of benthic organic carbon (Corg) oxidation were investigated in surface sediments of the Ulleung Basin (UB) characterized by high Corg contents ( > 2.5 %, dry wt.) and very high contents of Mn oxides ( > 200 µmol cm−3) and Fe oxides (up to 100 µmol cm−3). The combination of geochemical analyses and independently executed metabolic rate measurements revealed that Mn and Fe reduction were the dominant Corg oxidation pathways in the center of the UB, comprising 45 and 20 % of total Corg oxidation, respectively. By contrast, sulfate reduction was the dominant Corg oxidation pathway, accounting for 50 % of total Corg mineralization in sediments of the continental slope. The relative significance of each Corg oxidation pathway matched the depth distribution of the respective electron acceptors. The relative importance of Mn reduction for Corg oxidation displays saturation kinetics with respect to Mn oxide content with a low half-saturation value of 8.6 µmol cm−3, which further implies that Mn reduction can be a dominant Corg oxidation process even in sediments with lower MnO2 content as known from several other locations. This is the first report of a high contribution of manganese reduction to Corg oxidation in offshore sediments on the Asian margin. The high manganese oxide content in the surface sediment in the central UB was maintained by an extreme degree of recycling, with each Mn atom on average being reoxidized ∼ 3800 times before permanent burial. This is the highest degree of recycling so far reported for Mn-rich sediments, and it appears linked to the high benthic mineralization rates resulting from the high Corg content that indicate the UB as a biogeochemical hotspot for turnover of organic matter and nutrient regeneration.
Faking to finish: Women’s accounts of feigning sexual pleasure to end unwanted sex

In this article, we explore women’s accounts of consensual but unwanted sex, and how these accounts connect to feigning sexual pleasure. Interviews were conducted with 15 women and we employed a discursive analytic approach to examine the data. All women used discursive features (e.g. negation, hedging) to situate at least one of their past sexual experiences as problematic although all avoided the use of explicit labels such as rape or coercion. Furthermore, women commonly faked orgasm as a means to end these troubling sexual encounters. We argue the importance of considering women’s accounts of ‘problem’ sex so these experiences are not dismissed.
No . E 2014 / 1 Cultures of Female Entrepreneurship

The present research shows how entrepreneurial culture contributes to the widely noted difference in entrepreneurial propensities between men and women. The consequences of the assumed differential importance of household and family generate testable hypotheses about the gender effects of entrepreneurial culture. The principal hypothesis is that there is a greater chance of females in ‘unentrepreneurial’ cultures being relatively entrepreneurial compared to males. Also women from different entrepreneurial cultures show greater similarity of behaviour (lower variance) than men. But proportionate gender gaps within entrepreneurial cultures are less than those between males of different cultures. These hypotheses are tested on US immigrant data from the 2000 census and are not rejected.
Tipburn Incidence in Strawberry Leaves in Relation to Calcium Concentration

The causes of tipburn were studied on the leaves of the two strawberry cultivars ‘Seolhyang’ and ‘Red pearl’ that were grown either in soilless culture medium or in soil during 2010-2012. The Ca, Mg and K content in leaves, petiole and guttated fluids were analyzed and induction of tipburn in detached leaves was determined. During the 3-year observation, there were hardly any tipburn affected plants when grown in soil, whereas plants grown in soilless culture medium showed different sensitivity depending on the year. Analysis of discrete area of leaves, petiole sap and guttated fluid indicated the importance of Ca nutrition, although the absolute concentration of Ca may not be a crucial factor in tipburn induction. Use of detached leaves confirmed that Ca uptake and transport by positive xylem pressure are deciding factors for the occurrence of tipburn.
Myoclonic Epilepsy in Lysosomal Storage Disorders

Progressive myoclonic epilepsy (PME) constitutes an heterogeneous group of diseases, usually of genetic origin, which begins in childhood and adolescence and presents a variable evolution, ranging from slowly to rapidly progressive forms with refractory seizures and dead within few years (Marseille Consensus Group, 1990). Despite its broad spectrum of manifestations, patients affected with PME share some common specific clinical and electrophysiological features, such as: myoclonus, multiple type of seizures, delay or regression of psychomotor development, cerebellar ataxia, slow background activity on electroencephalogram (EEG), spikes and waves induced by intermittent photo-stimulation and sensory evoked giant potentials (Marseille Consensus Group, 1990). From the genetic point of view, PME occurs in disorders presenting different genetic inheritance, including: the dentatorubralpallidolusyian atrophy (DRPLA), a disease of trinucleotide repeats, the myoclonic epilepsy with ragged red fibers (MERRF), a mitochondrial disease and autosomal recessive disorders, which may be divided in two main categories: non-lysosomal-related diseases such as Lafora disease and lysosomalrelated-disease such as lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs). Lysosomal storage disorders are severe genetic diseases caused by the defective activity of lysosomal proteins, cofactors or integral membrane proteins, which result in the intralysosomal accumulation of undegraded metabolites such as sphingolipids, cholesterol, glycoproteins, mucopolysaccharides or glycogen. Even if they are individually rare, the combined frequency of LSDs is estimated to be approximately 1 in 8000 live births (Meilke et al., 1999; Poorthuis et al., 1999; Applegarth et al., 2000; Dionisi-Vici et al., 2002; Pinto et al., 2004; Poupetova et al., 2010). More than 50 LSDs have been described to date (Staretz-Chacham et al., 2009). Although they are characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical phenotypes, many of these disorders present with severe progressive neurological impairment. Among the neurological symptoms, the presence of PME has been reported in different LSDs, including Gaucher disease, action myoclonus-renal failure syndrome, neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses, sialidosis, Niemann Pick type C disease, and GM2 gangliosidosis. Each of these LSDs is characterized by a series of specific sings and symptoms. However, many of them share some clinical and biochemical features, such as the presence of signs of neurological impairments other than PME or organ disorders, which may be useful in the diagnosis of patients presenting with PME due to LSD.
Submap matching for stereo-vision based indoor/outdoor SLAM

Autonomous robots operating in semi- or unstructured environments, e.g. during search and rescue missions, require methods for online on-board creation of maps to support path planning and obstacle avoidance. Perception based on stereo cameras is well suited for mixed indoor/outdoor environments. The creation of full 3D maps in GPS-denied areas however is still a challenging task for current robot systems, in particular due to depth errors resulting from stereo reconstruction. State-of-the-art 6D SLAM approaches employ graph-based optimization on the relative transformations between keyframes or local submaps. To achieve loop closures, correct data association is crucial, in particular for sensor input received at different points in time. In order to approach this challenge, we propose a novel method for submap matching. It is based on robust keypoints, which we derive from local obstacle classification. By describing geometrical 3D features, we achieve invariance to changing viewpoints and varying light conditions. We performed experiments in indoor, outdoor and mixed environments. In all three scenarios we achieved a final 3D position error of less than 0.23% of the full trajectory. In addition, we compared our approach with a 3D RBPF SLAM from previous work, achieving an improvement of at least 27% in mean 2D localization accuracy in different scenarios.
Post-postfeminism?: new feminist visibilities in postfeminist times

Abstract This article contributes to debates about the value and utility of the notion of postfeminism for a seemingly “new” moment marked by a resurgence of interest in feminism in the media and among young women. The paper reviews current understandings of postfeminism and criticisms of the term’s failure to speak to or connect with contemporary feminism. It offers a defence of the continued importance of a critical notion of postfeminism, used as an analytical category to capture a distinctive contradictory-but-patterned sensibility intimately connected to neoliberalism. The paper raises questions about the meaning of the apparent new visibility of feminism and highlights the multiplicity of different feminisms currently circulating in mainstream media culture—which exist in tension with each other. I argue for the importance of being able to “think together” the rise of popular feminism alongside and in tandem with intensified misogyny. I further show how a postfeminist sensibility informs even those media productions that ostensibly celebrate the new feminism. Ultimately, the paper argues that claims that we have moved “beyond” postfeminism are (sadly) premature, and the notion still has much to offer feminist cultural critics.
Unusual Spectral Change Due to a Cyanine Dye Adsorbed on an Inorganic Layered Material upon Photoirradiation

Photoinduced spectral change can be utilized for various optical devices. The photoinduced spectral change due to an organic dye was demonstrated for the organic-inorganic hybrid film without the aid of photochromism with a simple preparation method for the first time. By the hybridization of a cyanine dye of 2-[5-(1,3-dihydro-3,3-dimethyl-1-octadecyl-2H-indol-2-ylidene)-1,3-pentadienyl]-3,3-dimethyl-1-octadecyl-3H-indolium perchlorate (NK3175) with an inorganic layered material of cation-exchangeable clay, smectite (SWN), a spectral change attributed to NK3175 was generated upon the irradiation of UV light. This result might serve as useful information on the methodology to produce optically controlled function for photoresponsive systems. Furthermore, the hybrid film of SWN and NK3175 was characterized by the use of XRD and FT-IR measurements. NK3175 molecules adsorbed onto external surfaces of SWN were confined by oriented SWN. It was suggested that the enhanced intermolecular interaction between NK3175 molecules caused by the hybridization with SWN resulted in the change of the aggregation state of NK3175 upon the UV light irradiation, which accounts for the spectral change of NK3175.
Ultraviolet germicidal irradiation in tap water contaminated by Aspergillus spp

Summary We investigated the effect of ultraviolet germicidal irradiation (UVI) from a low-pressure mercury lamp on several pathogenic Aspergillus spp. including A. flavipes, A. flavus, A. fumigatus, A. glaucus, A. nidulans, A. niger, A. terreus, A. ustus and A. versicolor suspended in tap water under laboratory-scale conditions. It was shown that within 10 s of exposure, time species such as A. glaucus, A. niudulans and A. ustus were completely inactivated, while 40 s were needed for the elimination of all the species tested. A. flavus and A. niger were found to be less susceptible than other species. Based on these results we conclude that UV disinfection could effectively inactivate Aspergillus spp. in tap water. Such disinfection could be used to reduce potential exposure of high-risk patients to fungal aerosols, particularly in hospital settings, where point-of-use (POU) UV light devices could be installed to provide safe water at a very low cost.
Bacteria profile and antibiogram of the bacteria isolated from the exposed pulp of dog canine teeth

Twenty-seven microbiological samples were taken from root canals (RC) of the canine teeth of 20 dogs where the pulps were non-vital and exposed due to complicated crown fractures. These pulps were cultured for aerobic/anaerobic bacteria. Antimicrobial susceptibility of isolates was determined using the Kirby-Bauer diffusion test. A total of 49 cultivable isolates, belonging to 27 different microbial species and 18 different genera, were recovered from the 27 RCs sampled. Twenty (40.81 per cent) of the cultivable isolates were Gram positive while 29 (59.19 per cent) were Gram negative. Facultative anaerobes were the most common bacteria (77.56 per cent). Aerobic isolates represented 18.36 per cent, and strict anaerobes 4.08 per cent. The antimicrobials with the highest in vitro efficacy were gentamicin (100 per cent) and enrofloxacin (93.32 per cent).
Atmospheric scaling of cosmogenic nuclide production : Climate effect

[1] Absorption of cosmic rays by atmospheric mass varies temporally due to a redistribution of atmospheric pressure by ice sheets during glaciations, the compression and expansion of the atmosphere due to cooling and warming, and changes in katabatic winds near large ice masses. These atmospheric processes can result in changes in production rates of cosmogenic nuclides which, when integrated over long exposure durations may result in 0% to >5% adjustments in site production rates depending on location. Combining a CCM3 model with imbedded ice sheets for 20 ka, we show that production rates changes (relative to today) are greatest at high elevations (6–7% at 5 km altitude) due to atmospheric compression from decreased temperature. Production rates at specific times for sites near ice sheet margins can be reduced more than 10% due to a combination of katabatic winds draining off the ice sheet margins and atmospheric cooling. Nunatak settings may be significantly affected by the climate effect due to persistent glacial atmospheric conditions. Atmospheric variability may explain some of the disparities among cosmogenic nuclide production rate calibrations.
Measurement and loss model of ferrites with non-sinusoidal waveforms

The usual data of commercial ferrite grades are given for sinusoidal waveforms, although the voltage in the typical applications in power electronics resembles to square waves. Firstly, an accurate two wire, oscilloscope power measurement is presented. Special wide frequency current and voltage transducers were designed, with a very low phase difference up to 50 MHz. Secondly, a ferrite loss model named natural Steinmetz extension (NSE) is presented. The model is checked with measurements on two different ferrite grades, with square waves with a large variation in duty ratio. The proposed model is compared with modified Steinmetz equation (MSE). The two methods with a different mathematical formulation give comparable but different results.
Perception and Attitude of Library and Information Science Professionals towards Knowledge Management: A Survey of Certified Librarians in Nigeria

Knowledge management can be closely linked with activities that overlapped with library practices. Lack of credence on how this two concept interwoven makes library and information science professionals to held distinct understanding of the concept knowledge management, most especially on how it relate to librarianship and information management, and at that, that there is no unity of consensus on which knowledge management definition should be considered universally acceptable. The study adopted a survey research design in exploring the perception and attitude of library and information science professionals in Nigeria toward knowledge management. Certified librarians in Nigeria (CLNs) constitute the unit of analysis and their total population stood at 5,437 from which a sample size of 3,000 was drawn using clustered random sampling techniques. Questionnaire is the instrument for data collection which was administered on a web-based platform, Proprofs survey maker (www.proprofs.com). But due to difficulties associated with web-based questionnaire, Only 389 participants respond to the survey, and a total number of usable, fully completed questionnaire is 369. Collected data was subjected to descriptive statistical analysis. The study reported that LIS professionals in Nigeria perceived knowledge management as an allied field of study that expands the horizon of the profession, even though some still perceived it as another name for information management or librarianship in another cloth/case of old wine in new bottle. Most participants prefer IFLA definition of KM to other definitions. In order to embrace the opportunities and as well curb the threats of knowledge management to library and information science profession, the study suggested that regulatory bodies and library associations should educate professionals on the position of LIS professionals in knowledge management through seminars, research report, conference proceedings, symposiums and any other means at their disposal.
Credit Shocks , Monetary Policy , and Business Cycles : Evidence from a Structural Time Varying Bayesian FAVAR

I estimate a Bayesian factor-augmented vector autoregression model using a large panel of macroeconomic and credit spread data from the United States for the period 1926-2009. The model has time varying parameters and volatilities. I identify a number of episodes with high volatility in the common component of credit spreads. Often, though not always, these episodes coincide with (or lead) NBER recessions. I find that, during these episodes, credit spread shocks and monetary policy shocks have much stronger effects on macroeconomic variables than on average. The degree of amplification of those responses reaches at its peak a factor of up to ten. These amplified responses tend to exhibit a larger persistence.1 JEL codes: C11, C15, C22, C53, N12, E32, E37, E44, E47, E51, E52,
Development of calculation toolbox for harmonic estimation on multi-pulse drives

Using multi-pulse converters has become a common practice in order to minimize the harmonics in applications with large non-linear loads where the harmonics must be kept under certain limits. Even the harmonic mitigation performance of a multi-pulse drive is far superior to the well-known 6-pulse drive also the costs are increasing. Therefore, a proper assessment of the harmonic performance before commissioning is a necessity. This assessment is possible in many ways, one being with the help of specific software tools that allow comparisons of different topologies, in the same base of analysis (i.e. considering the same system diagram, the same input parameters, loads, etc.). This paper presents a method to integrate the 12-pulse and 18-pulse drives into a harmonic calculation toolbox dedicated for harmonic analysis on 6-pulse drives. The results are linked together into a practical PC software toolbox for harmonic estimation. By using a combination of a pre-stored database and a new interpolation technique the toolbox can provide the harmonic data on real applications allowing comparisons between the aforementioned mitigation solutions.
A guide to Bayesian model selection for ecologists

The steady upward trend in the use of model selection and Bayesian methods in ecological research has made it clear that both approaches to inference are important for modern analysis of models and data. However, in teaching Bayesian methods and in working with our research colleagues, we have noticed a general dissatisfaction with the available literature on Bayesian model selection and multimodel inference. Students and researchers new to Bayesian methods quickly find that the published advice on model selection is often preferential in its treatment of options for analysis, frequently advocating one particular method above others. The recent appearance of many articles and textbooks on Bayesian modeling has provided welcome background on relevant approaches to model selection in the Bayesian framework, but most of these are either very narrowly focused in scope or inaccessible to ecologists. Moreover, the methodological details of Bayesian model selection approaches are spread thinly throughout the literature, appearing in journals from many different fields. Our aim with this guide is to condense the large body of literature on Bayesian approaches to model selection and multimodel inference and present it specifically for quantitative ecologists as neutrally as possible. We also bring to light a few important and fundamental concepts relating directly to model selection that seem to have gone unnoticed in the ecological literature. Throughout, we provide only a minimal discussion of philosophy, preferring instead to examine the breadth of approaches as well as their practical advantages and disadvantages. This guide serves as a reference for ecologists using Bayesian methods, so that they can better understand their options and can make an informed choice that is best aligned with their goals for inference.
Efficacy and safety of co-administered ivermectin plus albendazole for treating soil-transmitted helminths: A systematic review, meta-analysis and individual patient data analysis

Background The soil-transmitted helminths (STH), Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworms, infect 1.5 billion people worldwide and cause an estimated burden of 3.3 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs). Current control strategies focus on morbidity reduction through preventive chemotherapy (PC) but the most commonly used recommended drugs (albendazole and mebendazole) are particularly inefficacious against T. trichiura. This, together with the threat of emerging drug resistance, calls for new control strategies, including co-administration with other anthelminthics. Ivermectin plus albendazole is widely used against lymphatic filariasis, but its efficacy and safety against STH infections has not yet been fully understood. Methods and findings We conducted a systematic literature review and meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of ivermectin-albendazole co-administration in five different databases (i.e. PubMed, ISI Web of Science, ScienceDirect, CENTRAL and clinicaltrials.gov) from 1960 to January 2018. Four studies reporting efficacy of ivermectin-albendazole against STH infections and five studies on its safety met the selection criteria and were included for quantitative analysis. Ivermectin-albendazole was significantly associated with lower risk (risk ratio (RR) = 0.44, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.31–0.62) for T. trichiura infection after treatment compared to albendazole alone. The co-administration revealed no or only a marginal benefit on cure and egg reduction rates over albendazole alone for A. lumbricoides and hookworm infections. Adverse events (AEs) occurring after ivermectin-albendazole co-administration were mostly mild and transient. Overall, the number of individuals reporting any AE was not different (RR = 1.09, 95% CI = 0.87–1.36) in co-treated and albendazole-treated patients. However, although not statistically significant, sub-group analysis showed a tendency for slightly more AEs in patients with filariasis treated with ivermectin-albendazole compared to those treated with albendazole alone (RR = 1.29, 95% CI = 0.81–2.05). Conclusions Our findings suggest a good tolerability and higher efficacy of ivermectin-albendazole against T. trichiura compared to the current standard single-dose albendazole treatment, which supports the use of this co-administration in PC programs. Large-scale definitive randomized controlled trials are required to confirm our results.