Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Performance of Microstrip DirectionalCoupler Using Synthesis Technique

The introduced design method requires only the information of the port impedances, the coupling level, and the operational frequency. The design charts that give all the physical dimensions, including the length of the directional coupler versus frequency and different coupling levels, are given for alumina, Teflon, RO4003, FR4, and RF-60, which are widely used in microwave applications. Further work includes validation of analytical results using a planar electromagnetic simulation tool (IE3D) and experimental verification.
Immunohistochemical analysis of cytokeratin expression in dog skin.

The expression of cytokeratins and involucrin was analyzed to identify the skin cells which compose the epidermis of dogs. The distribution of cytokeratins and involucrin in normal dog skin was immunohistochemically examined with 27 commercial monoclonal antibodies for human use. Antibodies, No.4. OV-TL12/13, 35betaH11, 4.1. 18, CAM5.2, NCL5D3, Ks.13. 1, Ks.18. 04, Ks.19. 1, 170.2. ]4 and Ks.20. 8 stained hair follicles and/or the sweat gland duct, but not the epidermis. Antibodies, 34betaB4, AE3, 34betaE12. LP34, RCK102, MNF116, AE1, KLI, DE-K10 and DE-K13 reacted with every layer of the epidermis, hair follicles and the sweat gland duct. These results were similar to those reported in the human skin. No positive staining, however, could be detected in the epidermis, hair follicles and the sweat gland duct with commercial antibodies, 6B10, Ks.7. 18, Mu146-uc, E3, RCK108 and involucrin. Therefore, immunohistochemical investigation with these commercial antibodies developed for human skin examination might be available for investigating the origin of skin tumors in dogs.
Plate Size and Children’s Appetite: Effects of Larger Dishware on Self-Served Portions and Intake

OBJECTIVES: Dishware size is thought to influence eating behaviors, but effects on children’s self-served portion sizes and intakes have not been studied. We aimed to evaluate whether larger dishware increased children’s self-served portion sizes and intake during meals. METHODS: A within-subjects experimental design was used to test the effects of dishware size (ie, plates and bowls) on children's self-served portion sizes and intakes in a naturalistic setting. Subjects were predominantly African American elementary school–aged children (n = 42) observed on repeated occasions during school lunch. Children served themselves an entree and side dishes using either child- or adult-size dishware, which represented a 100% increase in the surface area of plates and volume of bowls across conditions. Condition order was randomly assigned and counterbalanced across 2 first-grade classrooms. Entrées of amorphous and unit form were evaluated on separate days. Fruit and vegetable side dishes were evaluated at each meal. Fixed portions of milk and bread were provided at each meal. RESULTS: Children served more energy (mean = 90.1 kcal, SE = 29.4 kcal) when using adult-size dishware. Adult-size dishware promoted energy intake indirectly, where every additional calorie served resulted in a 0.43-kcal increase in total energy intakes at lunch (t = 7.72, P = .001). CONCLUSIONS: Children served themselves more with larger plates and bowls and consumed nearly 50% of the calories that they served. This provides new evidence that children’s self-served portion sizes are influenced by size-related facets of their eating environments, which, in turn, may influence children’s energy intake.
Explaining mobile community user participation from a social capital perspective

This research analyses factors affecting mobile community user participation from a social capital perspective. The six factors of social capital are categorised into three dimensions: the structural dimension, the cognitive dimension, and the relational dimension. User participation intention includes two variables: the intention to view and the intention to post. We collected 370 valid questionnaires and performed data analysis using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). The results showed that trust had the strongest effect on the intention to view, whereas identification with the community had the strongest effect on the intention to post. Thus, mobile community providers need to focus on the relational dimension of social capital in order to promote user participation in their communities.
Spontaneous interictal-like activity originates in multiple areas of the CA2-CA3 region of hippocampal slices.

1. The sites of origin of spontaneous interictal-like epileptiform activity in hippocampal slices from guinea pig, mouse, and rat were determined. A multisite fast optical recording technique using voltage-sensitive dyes and an array of 100 photodiodes was employed. The use of a low-magnification objective lens allowed the visualization of almost the entire transverse hippocampal slice. Three in vitro models of epilepsy were employed, utilizing different manipulations of the bath perfusion medium to induce epileptiform activity: 1) raising the external potassium (K+) concentration, 2) adding the potassium channel blocker 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), and 3) adding antagonists of gamma-aminobutyric acid-A (GABAA) receptors (bicuculline and picrotoxin, BIC-PTX). 2. Spontaneous epileptiform discharges were detected in each subfield of cornu ammonis (CA) but not in the dentate gyrus (DG) of each studied species. Preliminary experiments confirmed that interictal-like epileptiform activity originated in the CA2-CA3 region. Ictal-like activity was never observed in our experiments. 3. In the guinea pig, when GABAA antagonists were employed, the site of origin of spontaneous epileptiform discharges was consistently located in the CA2-CA3a region. When high K+ or 4-AP was used, this region was the most frequent site of origin. Subsequent epileptiform discharges with similar sites of origin occasionally invaded different areas of the CA2-CA3 region, revealing a variable area of occupance of epileptiform discharges. 4. In the mouse and rat, the site of origin of spontaneous discharges was invariably located in the CA3b-CA3c region independent of the epilepsy model. 5. In both the guinea pig and rat, when the CA2-CA3a region was surgically separated from the CA3b-CA3c region, independent discharges were observed in both regions. Areas that could generate discharges only under certain epileptogenic conditions were found in these species (potential sites of origin). Two independent sites of origin with different propagation patterns and area of occupance were occasionally observed within the CA2-CA3a region. 6. In the guinea pig, such lesions demonstrated that both regions can independently generate epileptiform discharges at different frequencies. When high K+ or 4-AP was employed, epileptiform activity was observed in both regions. Although BIC-PTX only generated discharges in the CA2-CA3a region, a subsequent increase in K+ induced additional discharges in the CA3b-CA3c region, revealing a potential site of origin. 7. In rat hippocampal slices with such lesions, spontaneous epileptiform discharges were observed in both CA2-CA3a and CA3b-CA3c region when 4-AP was employed. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Preisach model identification of a two-wire SMA actuator

In recent years, the Preisach hysteresis model (1935) has emerged as the model of choice for the behaviour of many smart materials, such as shape memory alloys (SMA). This research treats the identification of Preisach models for a differential SMA actuator. The traditional identification technique is applied, and several models are derived for the actuator. It is seen that the classical Preisach model is able to model its behaviour. However, the results raise questions concerning the robustness of the traditional identification technique, as well as the conservative nature of current passivity-based control results for the Preisach model.
Pentosan Polysulfate Decreases Myocardial Expression of the Extracellular Matrix Enzyme ADAMTS4 and Improves Cardiac Function In Vivo in Rats Subjected to Pressure Overload by Aortic Banding

Background We hypothesized that cleavage of the extracellular matrix (ECM) proteoglycans versican and aggrecan by ADAMTS (a disintegrin and metalloprotease with thrombospondin motifs) proteases, which contributes to stress-induced ECM-reorganization in atherogenesis and osteoarthritis, also play a role in heart failure development. Objectives The primary objective was to identify alterations in expression of ADAMTS versicanases and aggrecanases during development of heart failure, while evaluation of the effects of in vivo modulation of relevant changes in ADAMTS activity constituted the secondary objective. Methods Myocardial levels of versican, aggrecan, and their ADAMTS cleaving proteases were examined in Wistar rats six weeks after aortic banding (AB), and versican and selected ADAMTS versicanases were further analyzed in neonatal cardiomyocytes (NCM) and cardiac fibroblasts (NFB) after stimulation by inflammatory mediators. Based on the initial findings, ADAMTS4 was selected the most promising therapeutic target. Thus, rats with AB were treated with pentosan polysulfate (PPS), a polysaccharide with known ADAMTS4-inhibitory properties, and effects on versican fragmentation, left ventricular function and geometry were evaluated. Results We discovered that myocardial mRNA and protein levels of ADAMTS1 and -4, and mRNA levels of versican, aggrecan, and ADAMTS8 increased after AB, and TNF-α and IL-1β synergistically increased mRNA of versican and ADAMTS4 in NCM and NFB and secretion of ADAMTS4 from NCM. Furthermore, PPS-treatment improved systolic function, demonstrated by an improved fractional shortening (vehicle 48±3% versus PPS 60±1%, p<0.01) after AB. Following PPS-treatment, we observed an ∼80% reduction in myocardial ADAMTS4 mRNA (p = 0.03), and ∼50% reduction in the extracellular amount of the p150 versican fragments (p = 0.05), suggesting reduced versicanase activity. Conclusions Our findings suggest that AB induces an increase in myocardial ADAMTS4 versicanase activity, and that PPS-treatment improved systolic function in the pressure-overloaded heart, holding promise as a novel therapeutic agent in heart failure.
Cognitive Development: Its Cultural and Social Foundations

Alexander Romanovich Luria, one of the most influential psychologists of the twentieth century, is best known for his pioneering work on the development of language and thought, mental retardation, and the cortical organization of higher mental processes. Virtually unnoticed has been his major contribution to the understanding of cultural differences in thinking.In the early 1930s young Luria set out with a group of Russian psychologists for the steppes of central Asia. Their mission: to study the impact of the socialist revolution on an ancient Islamic cotton-growing culture and, no less, to establish guidelines for a viable Marxist psychology. Lev Vygotsky, Luria's great teacher and friend, was convinced that variations in the mental development of children must be understood as a process including historically determined cultural factors. Guided by this conviction, Luria and his colleagues studied perception, abstraction, reasoning, and imagination among several remote groups of Uzbeks and Kirghiz from cloistered illiterate women to slightly educated new friends of the central government.The original hypothesis was abundantly supported by the data: the very structure of the human cognitive process differs according to the ways in which social groups live out their various realities. People whose lives are dominated by concrete, practical activities have a different method of thinking from people whose lives require abstract, verbal, and theoretical approaches to reality.For Luria the legitimacy of treating human consciousness as a product of social history legitimized the Marxian dialectic of social development. For psychology in general, the research in Uzbekistan, its rich collection of data and the penetrating observations Luria drew from it, have cast new light on the workings of cognitive activity. The parallels between individual and social development are still being explored by researchers today. Beyond its historical and theoretical significance, this book represents a revolution in method. Much as Piaget introduced the clinical method into the study of children's mental activities, Luria pioneered his own version of the clinical technique for use in cross-cultural work. Had this text been available, the recent history of cognitive psychology and of anthropological study might well have been very different. As it is, we are only now catching up with Luria's procedures. "
Daily Immediate Early Gene Expression in the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus of Male and Female Octodon degus

Diurnal and nocturnal species have different patterns of general activity, sleep-wake rhythms, and endocrine rhythms, but the mechanisms underlying these differences are not clear. Here, we tested the hypothesis that rhythms in immediate early gene (IEG) products in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of a diurnal rodent (Octodon degus) reflect their diurnal chronotype. We also compared male and female degus with respect to temporal patterns of expression of one of these gene products, Fos-related Antigen (FRA). Animals were killed across the light:dark cycle, brains were collected, and sections through the SCN were stained for FRA (females and males) or c-Fos and Calbindin (males only) using immunocytochemistry. An additional set of females placed in constant darkness was pulsed with light (or not) during the subjective day or night. Labeled cells in the SCN were counted in all animals. In males, c-Fos/FRA positive (+) cell counts in the dorsomedial SCN were low after lights-on and peaked around the time of lights-off (ZT 13, ZT 0=lights-on). Effect size analyses indicated that females have a 24 h rhythm in FRA expression that is shifted relative to that of males. Light pulses in the subjective day and night produced area-specific changes in IEG expression in females that differs from that reported for males. Overall, these studies reveal the pattern of immediate early gene expression in the SCN of degus is not the same in males and females, and that it differs from the one seen in other species, both nocturnal and diurnal.
Mind, Brain, and the Quantum: The Compound 'i'

The riddle of consciousness materialism and physicalism - a tale of two "isms" functionalism neuroscience Einstein and the identity theory how unified is consciousness? state space the refutation of physicalism the problem of perception Berkeley, Russell and the inscrutability of matter states and observables the paradox of Schrodinger's cat quantum mechanics and the conscious observer could the brain be a quantum computer? time and mind Descartes's legacy - mind and meaning, science and scepticism.
The Single Woman: A Discursive Investigation

The increase in numbers of single people has been described as one of the greatest social phenomena of western society. Most women will spend periods of their lives alone, without a committed partner relationship. Yet there is still a degree of social stigma attached to this status. Single women are a crucial group for study in relation to perceived changes in family life and relationships. This book provides a new understanding of what is often taken-for-granted – female single identity. In an examination of extracts from her interviews with women aged 30 to 60 years and living alone, Jill Reynolds explores how women deal with this potentially stigmatized identity. She focuses on identity and self-representation through consideration of discourse and the conversational moves made by the participants. Her analysis highlights that the culturally available and familiar resources for understanding singleness are highly polarized. Single women weave their way through the extreme contrasts of a denigrated or an empowered identity. Thus, while most participants give very positive accounts, they also pay attention to widespread social expectations that success in life involves a long-term committed relationship. This book makes an important contribution to the understanding of the lives of single women and represents a challenge to the considerable literature on gender and family life which has inadequately theorized singleness. It will be of great interest to academics and students in social psychology, sociology, social work and social policy. It will also be of particular interest to students of gender studies, qualitative research, narrative studies, conversation analysis and discourse analysis.
Réseaux et controverses: de l’effet des normes sur la dynamique des structures / Networks and controversies: on the effect of norms on the dynamics of structures

The issue of the influence of norms on behaviour is as old as sociology itself. Institutional theorists, such as Selznick (1957), theorized this influence in terms of « precarious values ». This paper uses this classical view to bring in structure between norms and behaviour. To do this, we explore the selection effect (Snijders, 2001,2005) of a conflict of norms (a controversy) on the evolution of the advice network among lay judges at the Commercial Court of Paris and on their decisions. We use a jurisprudential case about unfair competition (material and « moral » damages), a case that we submitted to all the judges of this court. The controversy among them is about the extent to which they should be « punitive » in awarding damages, especially « moral » damages. We examine the criteria and norms that they refer to in their discretionary decision making in this case. Statistical analyses using Siena combine longitudinal advice network data collected among them with their normative dispositions. We show that, in spite of declaring themselves to be punitive, the majority of judges align themselves on judges with a law degree coming from the banking industry, who tend to be non punitive. We measure and model the selection effect of this norm on the evolution of the network, teasing out a « preferential attachment » effect in which bankers with a law degree become ever more central over time in these networks. This allows them to exercise a strong influence on the court’s judicial decision making. We argue that this approach of conformity and alignments in controversies provides new insights into the relationship between norms, structure and behaviour.
Localized Epidemic Detection in Networks with Overwhelming Noise

We consider the problem of detecting an epidemic in a population where individual diagnoses are extremely noisy. We show that exclusively local, approximate knowledge of the contact network suffices to accurately detect the epidemic. The motivation for this problem is the plethora of examples (influenza strains in humans, or computer viruses in smartphones, etc.) where reliable diagnoses are scarce, but noisy data plentiful. In flu or phone-viruses, exceedingly few infected people/phones are professionally diagnosed (only a small fraction go to a doctor) but less reliable secondary signatures (e.g., people staying home, or greater-than-typical upload activity) are more readily available. Our algorithm requires only local-neighbor knowledge of this graph, and in a broad array of settings that we describe, succeeds even when false negatives and false positives make up an overwhelming majority of the data available. Our results show it succeeds in the presence of partial information about the contact network, and also when are many (hundreds, in our examples) of initial patients-zero.
Powerpoint y el desarrollo del pensamiento lateral del estudiante

Siendo la presentacion de diapositivas de uso descriptivo frecuente en las aulas de la Institucion Educativa Victor Manuel Lodono del municipio de Viani, Cundinamarca, surgio la inquietud de indagar como esta actividad favorecia la capacidad de reflexion y creatividad de los estudiantes. Con este fin se realizo una investigacion centrada en identificar como contribuye el uso del programa PowerPoint en el desarrollo del pensamiento lateral del estudiante en el aula de grado septimo. Para este trabajo se retomo la teoria cognoscitivista, proyectos de investigacion sobre creatividad, y el metodo cualitativo de investigacion con enfoque etnografico, aplicando guias ed observacion directa y entrevistas con docentes y estudiantes. Finalmente se logro identificar que PowerPoint favorece el pensamiento del pensamiento lateral de los estudiantes con base en el dominio que ellos tengan de los temas y del programa, lo que les permite dinamizar la competencia interpretativa mediante el uso de las herramientas de dibujo, expresar flexibilidad, fluidez y originalidad de nuevas ideas, diferentes esquemas en sus trabajos, y propuestas de solucion a variadas situaciones. Estas ventajas se destacaron durante las actividades de identificacion de saberes previos de los estudiantes, en el trabajo colaborativo y por tareas, en el cumplimiento con funciones asignadas individual y grupalmente y en la orientacion y motivacion del docente
Identification of the Binding Site for the Lutheran Blood Group Glycoprotein on Laminin α5 through Expression of Chimeric Laminin Chains in Vivo *

The Lutheran blood group glycoprotein (Lu), also known as basal cell adhesion molecule, is an Ig superfamily transmembrane receptor for laminin α5. Lu is expressed on the surface of a subset of muscle and epithelial cells in diverse tissues and is thought to be involved in both normal and disease processes, including sickle cell disease and cancer. Here we investigated the binding of Lu to laminin α5 in vivo and in vitro. We prepared a soluble recombinant Lu (sol-Lu) composed of the Lu extracellular domain and a His6 tag. Sol-Lu bound specifically to laminin-10/11 (α5β1/β2γ1) in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and bound to bona fide basement membranes containing laminin α5 in tissue sections. Sol-Lu did not bind to tissue sections of laminin α5 knockout embryos, despite the fact that the four other α chains were present. To identify the Lu-binding site on laminin α5, we prepared modified α5 cDNAs encoding chimeric laminins containing all or part of the laminin α1 G domain in place of the analogous α5 regions. These constructs were used to generate transgenic mice. Proteins derived from transgenes were detected in basement membranes and were assayed for their ability to bind Lu by examining the localization of endogenous Lu and the binding of sol-Lu applied to tissue sections. Our results demonstrate that the α5 LG3 module is essential for Lu binding to laminin α5.
Stability of a relaxational model with a nonconvex flux

In this paper, we study the nonlinear stability of travelling wave solutions with shock profile for a relaxation model with a nonconvex flux, which is proposed by Jin and Xin [Comm. Pure Appl. Math., 48 (1995), pp. 555--563] to approximate an original hyperbolic system numerically under the subcharacteristic condition introduced by T. P. Liu [Comm. Math. Phys., 108 (1987), pp. 153--175]. The travelling wave solutions with strong shock profile are shown to be asymptotically stable under small disturbances with integral zero using an elementary but technical energy method. Proofs involve detailed study of the error equation for disturbances using the same weight function introduced in [Comm. Math. Phys., 165 (1994), pp. 83--96].