Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SUPPLEMENTAL DATA

SUPPLEMENTAL FIGURE LEGENDS Fig. S1. Redox potential and pKa measurements. (A-D) Redox potentals of DsbA and its mutants, DsbG and its mutants, DsbC and its mutants, and thioredoxin mutants CPHC and I75T/CPHC were measured in GSH-GSSG redox buffer. The redox states of DsbA and its mutants, DsbG and DsbG T200L, were followed by the detection of fluorescence emission at 330 nm (excitation at 295 nm). The redox status of DsbC and its mutants was examined by reverse phase HPLC. The two thioredoxin mutants had reduced and oxidized peaks that could not be fully separated from the reduced peak of cDsbD in HPLC analysis and thus could not be measured using cDsbD as a reference. DsbA (■), DsbA V150T (□), DsbG () and DsbG
Output feedback stabilisation of single-input single-output linear systems with I/O network-induced delays. An eigenvalue-based approach

This work addresses the output feedback stabilisation problem for a class of linear single-input single-output systems subject to I/O network delays. More precisely, we are interested in the characterisation of the set of delay and gain parameters guaranteeing the stability of the closed-loop system. To perform such an analysis, we adopt an eigenvalue perturbation based approach. Various illustrative numerical examples complete the presentation.
Ultraviolet Interstellar Linear Polarization. III. Features

Astro-2 has revealed a broad, weak spectral feature in the ultraviolet interstellar linear polarization for two lines of sight, confirming the original detection toward HD 197770 and adding HD 147933-4. These are the only two polarization features found in some 30 lines of sight now observed. Both features are centered close to 2175 Å, the position of the ubiquitous ultraviolet extinction bump. Two possibilities are considered for the source of the polarization feature: changes in the mass distribution of the aligned silicate grains responsible for the continuum polarization, and alignment of the small graphite grains responsible for the extinction bump. While the former approach meets with some success for the HD 197770 feature, it is not possible to produce a feature as clearly peaked as in HD 147933-4. The central wavenumbers and widths of both polarization features correspond closely to those of the corresponding extinction bump. Taken together, it seems the graphite grains are a more likely source of the polarization features. Both polarization features have amplitudes that are very small compared to the amount of excess extinction present in the 2175 Å bump, implying poor polarization efficiency. Many other lines of sight have been observed with sufficient signal-to-noise ratios such that features should have been clearly detected if the same polarization efficiency applied, and so real variations in the alignment or shape of the grains responsible seem to occur from one line of sight to another. The weak alignment might be caused by unusually low concentrations of paramagnetic impurities in rapidly spinning small grains.
An overview of nitech HMM-based speech synthesis system for blizzard challenge 2005

In the present paper, hidden Markov model (HMM) based speech synthesis system developed in Nagoya Institute of Technology (Nitech-HTS) for a competition of text-to-speech synthesis systems using the same speech databases, named Blizzard Challenge 2005, is described. We show an overview of the basic HMM-based speech synthesis system and then recent developments to the latest one such as STRAIGHT-based vocoding, hidden semi-Markov model (HSMM) based acoustic modeling, and parameter generation considering global variance are illustrated. Constructed voices can synthesize speech around 0.3 xRT (real time ratio) and their footprints are less than 2 MB. The listening test results show that performances of our systems are much better than we expected.
Metabolism and nutrition in patients with moderate and severe traumatic brain injury: A systematic review

Primary objective: To examine the evidence on the metabolic state and nutritional treatment of patients with moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Research design: A systematic review of the literature. Methods and procedures: From 1547 citations, 232 articles were identified and retrieved for text screening. Thirty-six studies fulfilled the criteria and 30 were accepted for data extraction. Main outcomes and results: Variations in measurement methods and definitions of metabolic abnormalities hampered comparison of studies. However, consistent data demonstrated increased metabolic rate (96–160% of the predicted values), of hypercatabolism (−3 to −16 g N per day) and of upper gastrointestinal intolerance in the majority of the patients during the first 2 weeks after injury. Data also indicated a tendency towards less morbidity and mortality in early fed patients. Conclusions: The impact of timing, content and ways of administration of nutritional support on neurological outcome after TBI remains to be demonstrated.
Green social cooperatives in Italy: a practical way to cover the three pillars of sustainability?

Abstract This article provides an introductory description of Italian green social cooperatives which are democratic nonprofit organizations specializing in the provision of environmental services. The background to this topic is the literature on the “third sector,” usually called social entrepreneurship, and the “sociology of environment,” mainly that part concerned with consumption and lifestyles. Green social cooperatives are a concrete attempt to unify the three pillars of sustainability. The analysis is divided into two parts. The first part highlights the challenges that the environmental crisis raises for social enterprises and considers three dimensions in particular: work integration, generalized or linear exchange, and the theory of the commons. The discussion reveals mismatches between the urgency of moving toward a sustainable world and the competences of social enterprises. The second part examines this asymmetry and uses the social cooperative, the main empirical expression of social enterprise in Italy, as its point of departure. The article proposes a typology with which to frame green social cooperatives and employs a qualitative approach to out-line a concrete case for each type. The result is the emergence of a social area, at present decidedly underdeveloped and undersized, but with considerable potential for job creation and environmental services. The analysis demonstrates that social enterprises are interesting hybrids of economic and social sustainability, but to promote the environmental pillar of sustainability they must combine work and habitation (or production and consumption) according to a logic of sufficiency.
Prosodic Phrasing and Comprehension

From previous research we know that prosodic features are perceptually effective in marking boundaries and that a suitable implementation of these features improves the quality of synthetic speech in terms of acceptability. It can further be assumed that listeners use the perceived prosodic information to compute the meaning of the input speech. This paper, therefore, investigates and determines whether a well-phrased utterance, (that is, an utterance with prosodic boundaries in appropriate positions and with appropriate realizations), is easier to comprehend than a poorly-phrased one. To measure this, we designed a method in which a kind of verification task is combined with a question-answering task (“monitoring for the answer”). The stimulus set consisted of structurally ambiguous sentences. The expectation was that when listeners hear a question followed by an appropriately phrased utterance, they will react more rapidly than when the question is followed by an utterance with neutral phrasing. Also, it was expected that in the latter situation reaction times (RTs) will be shorter than if an inappropriately phrased utterance is presented. The results confirmed the expectations: an appropriately phrased utterance always produced the fastest RTs.
Evolving Dynamic Forecasting Model for Foreign Currency Exchange Rates Using Plastic Neural Networks

This work explores developmental plasticity in neural networks for forecasting the trends in the daily foreign currency exchange rates. With this work we achieved an efficient artificial neural network (ANN) based dynamic prediction model that make use of the trends in the historical daily prices of the foreign currency to predict the future daily rates while modifying its structure with the trends. The plasticity in ANN is explored to achieve a prediction model that is computationally robust and efficient. The system performance analysis prove that the prediction model proposed is efficient, computationally cost effective and unique in terms of its least dependency on the amount of previous data required for the future prediction. The prediction model achieved accuracy as high as 98.852 percent, in predicting a single day's data from ten days data history, over a span of 1000 days (3 years). Further exploration demonstrated that when the problem domain for the network was changed to predict daily currency prices for multiple chunks of days a much better accuracy was achieved. This performance proved the robustness of the model proposed in this work for a modified problem domain.
Charting Success: The Experience of Teachers of Students with Visual Impairments in Promoting Student Use of Graphics

Introduction This study analyzed the qualitative responses of a survey of teachers of students with visual impairments in Canada and the United States about tactile and print graphic use by their students with visual impairments. Questions focused on barriers to students using graphics, strategies taught to tactile graphics users, and profiles of successful tactile and print graphics users. Methods The researchers followed a thematic analysis approach to independently code and then reach consensus on themes and subthemes of the qualitative responses. Results In general, the teachers cited a range of challenges under the main themes of quality and instruction. Subcategories included availability of time for both production and instruction, lack of standardization in material production, and student development of concepts through the use of graphics. Main characteristics of successful graphics users included motivation and an ability to apply skills across tasks. Variations in responses for tactile and print graphics users are highlighted. Discussion Findings highlighted areas in which teachers of students with visual impairments can focus to promote effective graphics use by their students. Commonality in strategies used for teaching tactile graphics was apparent, as was a general belief that being intelligent contributed to success. Implications for practitioners Frequent exposure and practice with graphics, whether tactile or print, is important. Developing an ability to analyze the features of a graphic and its impact on comprehension can inform strategies for and selection of instructional methods.
Variation in perinatal mortality of lambs with age and purity of ewes.

This paper presents data on the incidence and cause of lamb deaths from 3, 4, 6 and 7 year old ewe groups on one property in south west Victoria. Postmortem examinations were performed on 390 lambs. The perinatal mortality rate was highest among the lambs of young and aged ewes, being associated with a higher incidence of lambs dying from dystocia and starvation respectively. This variation in perinatal mortality is discussed in relation to the dead weights of the lambs.
QoS-Aware Task Offloading in Distributed Cloudlets with Virtual Network Function Services

Pushing the cloud frontier to the network edge has attracted tremendous interest not only from cloud operators of the IT service/software industry but also from network service operators that provide various network services for mobile users. In particular, by deploying cloudlets in metropolitan area networks, network service providers can provide various network services through implementing virtualized network functions to meet the demands of mobile users. In this paper we formulate a novel task offloading problem in a metropolitan area network, where each offloaded task requests a specific network function with a maximum tolerable delay and different offloading requests may require different network services. We aim to maximize the number of requests admitted while minimizing their admission cost within a finite time horizon. We first show that the problem is NP-hard, and then devise an efficient algorithm through reducing the problem to a series of minimum eight maximum matching in auxiliary bipartite graphs. We also consider dynamic changes of offloading request patterns over time, and develop an effective prediction mechanism to release and/or create instances of network functions in different cloudlets for cost savings. We finally evaluate the performance of the proposed algorithms through experimental simulations. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithms are promising.
Hand hygiene behavior among urban slum children and their care takers in Odisha, India

Summary Objective. To study the knowledge and practice of hand washing among mothers and children of shikharchandi slum of Bhubaneswar, Odisha and to recommend possible measures to improve the current practices. Methodology. Present cross-sectional study was carried out in the Shikharchandi slum located in the Bhubaneswar city of Orissa state in India. 150 women and 80 children were interviewed. Children questionnaire were prepared to suit to their age and according to local context. Components of sanitation like food handling and hand washing were covered in this questionnaire. Results. Hand washing before preparing food is being practiced by 85% of women. Of all women interviewed, 77% wash hands before serving food. Only 15% children said soap was available in their school to wash hands. Out of total children interviewed, 76% told that their teachers tell about sanitation and hand washing in the class. Only 5% children told they were consulted by doctor/health worker during last 3 months. As many as 81% children told that they wash their hands before taking food and 19% children said they take their food without washing hands. Though most of the children told that they wash hands before taking food, but only 17.5% told that they use soap for hand washing. Only 29% children told that their teachers check hand washing in school. When asked about critical timing of hand washing, 44% children told about at least two critical timings and 56% were unaware about the critical timings of hand washing. Conclusion. Inadequate knowledge on this among our study participant is a point of concern. Systematic integration of health and hygiene education in schools through curricular modifications could be an appropriate strategy.
Calibration of multiple fish-eye cameras using a wand

Fish-eye cameras are becoming increasingly popular in computer vision, but their use for three-dimensional measurement is limited partly because of the lack of an accurate, efficient and user-friendly calibration procedure. For such a purpose, the authors propose a method to calibrate the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters (including radial distortion parameters) of two/multiple fish-eye cameras simultaneously by using a wand under general motions. Thanks to the generic camera model used, the proposed calibration method is also suitable for two/multiple conventional cameras and mixed cameras (e.g. two conventional cameras and a fish-eye camera). Simulation and real experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Moreover, the authors develop the camera calibration toolbox, which is available online.
Shammah (Smokeless Tobacco) and Public Health

Shammah is a preparation of smokeless tobacco (ST) that is frequently used in the Arabian Peninsula, especially in Saudi Arabia. A mixture of powdered tobacco, lime, ash, black pepper, oils and flavorings, shammah in is placed in the buccal cavity or lower labial vestibule of the mouth. The user (or dipper) spits out insoluble debris. ST is linked to a number of harmful effects such as dental disease, oral cancer, oesophagus cancer, and pancreas cancer. It also causes adverse reproductive effects including stillbirth, premature birth and low birth weight. The importation of ST products is prohibited in Saudi Arabia. Legislative action to combat the use of ST (moist snuff and chewing tobacco) in Saudi Arabia appeared in 1990. The actual percentage use may be higher than reported since shammah is illegal in Saudi Arabia and there may be some unwillingness to admit to its use. Data on ST use in the Arabian Peninsula are sparse. Most studies conducted there focused on the prevalence of shammah use among adolescents rather than among adults. This review paper aimed to understand the pattern of use of shammah and its adverse health effects. It also aimed to provide suitable epidemiological data for public health policy makers.
Protection of Rats Against Perfluoroisobutene (PFIB)-Induced Pulmonary Edema by Curosurf and N-Acetylcysteine

Airborne exposure to lung-toxic agents may damage the lung surfactant system and epithelial and endothelial cells, resulting in a life-threatening pulmonary edema that is known to be refractory to treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate in rats (1) the respiratory injury caused by nose-only exposure to perfluoroisobutene (PFIB), and (2) the therapeutic efficacy of a treatment at 4 and/or 8 h after exposure consisting of the natural surfactant Curosurf and/or the anti-inflammatory drug N-acetylcysteine (NAC). For that purpose, the following parameters were examined: respiratory frequency (RF), lung compliance (Cdyn), airway resistance (Raw), lung wet weight (LWW), airway histopathology; and in brochoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid, total protein, total phospholipid, cell count and differentiation, and changes in the surface tension of the BAL fluid. The mean (± SEM) surface tension of BAL fluid derived from PFIB-exposed (C · t = 1100–1200 mg min−1 m−3, ∼1LCt50; t = 20 min) animals at 24 h following exposure (11 ± 3 mN/m) was higher than that of unexposed rats (0.8 ± 0.4 mN/m), reflecting damage to the surfactant system and justifying treatment with exogenous surfactant. Curosurf treatment (62.5 mg/kg i.t.) decreased pulmonary edema caused by PFIB, reflected by a decreased LWW, and decreased the amount of protein in BAL fluid. NAC treatment (1000 mmol/kg ip) inhibited the interstitial pneumonia reflected by a decreased percentage of neutrophils in the alveolar space. It was concluded that a combined treatment of Curosurf + NAC improved respiration, that is, RF and Cdyn, whereby Curosurf predominantly decreased pulmonary edema and NAC predominantly reduced the inflammatory process. A combined treatment may therefore be considered a promising therapeutic approach in early-stage acute respiratory distress caused by PFIB, although the treatment regimes need further investigation.
A Metrics Framework to Drive Application Security Improvement

Web applications' functionality and user base have evolved along with the threat landscape. Although controls such as network firewalls are essential, they're wholly insufficient for providing overall Web application security. They provide security for underlying hosts and a means of communication, but do little to aid the application resist attack against its software implementation or design. Enterprises must therefore focus on the security of the Web application itself. But in doing so, questions immediately arise: "What could go wrong with my software? How vulnerable are my existing applications to the most common problems? What changes to my software development life cycle might affect these vulnerabilities? " The Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP; www.owa sp.org) Top Ten offers a starting point for figuring out what could go wrong. This installment of Building Security In presents metrics that can help quantify the impact that process changes in one life-cycle phase have on other phases. For the purposes of this short discussion, we've broken an applications life cycle into three main phases: design, deployment, and runtime. By organizing metrics according to life cycle in addition to OWASP type, insight from the derived quantitative results can potentially point to defective processes and even suggest strategies for improvement
BATS: Network coding in action

BATS code is a low-complexity random linear network coding scheme that can achieve asymptotic bandwidth optimality for many types of networks with packet loss. In this paper, we propose a BATS code based network protocol and evaluate the performance by real-device experiments. Our results demonstrate significant ready-to-implement gain of network coding over forwarding in multi-hop network transmission with packet loss. We also propose an improved protocol to handle the practical issues observed in the experiments.
Staying the course: grit, academic success, and non-traditional doctoral students

As higher education changes to reach larger numbers of students via online modalities, both at the undergraduate and graduate levels, the issue of student attrition and other measures of student success become increasingly important. While research has focused largely on undergraduate online students, less has been done in the area of online nontraditional doctoral student success, particularly from the student trait perspective. On the trait level, the concept of grit has been identified as an important element of the successful attainment of long-term goals. Earning a doctorate can be classified as a longterm goal; therefore the purpose of this study was to examine the influence of doctoral student grit scores on student success. Success was measured in three ways: (a) in terms of persistence as measured by longevity in the program (the number of courses a student had successfully completed), (b) by examining current student GPA, and (c) by studying whether or not students have reached the critical milestone of successfully defending their dissertation proposal. The results of the study found no significant differences in mean grit scores for first, second, or third year students, nor found differences in mean grit scores for students that had or had not successfully defended their dissertation proposals. However, significant relationships were found between grit and current student GPA, grit and the average number of hours students spent of their program of study weekly, and grit and age. The results of this research are important for informing how doctoral education is structured, which characteristics may help students succeed, as well as providing areas for future research.