Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
5 D-BIM

Several factors have contributed to the growth of BIM usage in the global construction industry, including availability of appropriate software and hardware tools, the opportunity to minimize errors, waste & cost and increasingly competitive markets [1][2]. An emerging approach in the construction industry is the use of 5D-BIM, by combining the traditional three dimensions of a BIM with the schedule as the fourth dimension and cost estimate as the fifth dimension [3]. This approach allows the contractors to better predict the cost of the project, the time-line of the project when these expenses are anticipated to occur, while simultaneously allowing the schedule to be optimized by considering the quantities of materials derived from the model and the productivity rate of construction crews. On the one hand 5D-BIM methods provide an excellent opportunity to connect processes in design, cost and construction methods; on the other hand they call for a significant shift in the way construction companies operate. It is unrealistic to commit extensive resources for a large construction company, towards a re-alignment of their internal processes, while continuing to be competitive and profitable. This paper considers how one construction company in the United States adopted the 5D-BIM methods, the challenges faced in implementing it within the company and the lessons learned in the process. A case-study method was used in an effort to understand the paradigm shift within the company in adopting 5D-BIM. Interviews with key personnel within the company were conducted and content analysis of the data was performed to describe the results. The results from this study show the intricacies of implementing a technology driven paradigm shift to a population of construction experts with a not-so erstwhile philosophy of success within the construction industry. The captains within the company communicated a great appreciation for the 5D-BIM concepts but were unwilling to delve into it whole-heartedly. Several reasons contributed to this attitude, including a reluctance to change by some, motivation to demonstrate immediate profitability and the lack of demand for such endeavours from the owner/designer community. However there were also personnel within the company that quickly adapted to the 5D way of thinking about construction and were keen to proceed with using the methodology on future projects. The advantages of using 5D-BIM and the problems encountered in implementing it are analysed in the results section of the paper.
From Drills to CLIL: The Paradigmatic and Methodological Evolution Towards the Integration of Content and Foreign Language

El aprendizaje integrado de contenidos y lengua extranjera se ha convertido en practica comun en la educacion superior europea. En este articulo se describe como esta practica de ensenanza integrada surge como resultado de una evolucion paradigmatica y pedagogica. Con ese fin, se revisan diacronicamente los distintos paradigmas linguisticos, seguidos de una descripcion de los metodos pedagogicos en la ensenanza del ingles como segunda lengua. Este recorrido teorico culmina en una practica constructivista predominante que es mas pragmatica y contextualizada que ninguna otra usada con anterioridad. Desde la perspectiva del profesorado de idiomas y dentro de un aula de idiomas universitaria, el aprendizaje integrado de contenidos y lengua extranjera ofrece la solucion al problema constante de la descontextualizacion
The Short ITS2 Sequence Serves as an Efficient Taxonomic Sequence Tag in Comparison with the Full-Length ITS

An ideal DNA barcoding region should be short enough to be amplified from degraded DNA. In this paper, we discuss the possibility of using a short nuclear DNA sequence as a barcode to identify a wide range of medicinal plant species. First, the PCR and sequencing success rates of ITS and ITS2 were evaluated based entirely on materials from dry medicinal product and herbarium voucher specimens, including some samples collected back to 90 years ago. The results showed that ITS2 could recover 91% while ITS could recover only 23% efficiency of PCR and sequencing by using one pair of primer. Second, 12861 ITS and ITS2 plant sequences were used to compare the identification efficiency of the two regions. Four identification criteria (BLAST, inter- and intradivergence Wilcoxon signed rank tests, and TaxonDNA) were evaluated. Our results supported the hypothesis that ITS2 can be used as a minibarcode to effectively identify species in a wide variety of specimens and medicinal materials.
The Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide: Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual College Students and Their Heterosexual Peers

Author: Ploskonka, Rachel A. Ph.D. Institution: Purdue University Degree Received: August 2017 Title: The Interpersonal Psychological Theory of Suicide: Suicidal Ideation and Behaviors of Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual College Students and Their Heterosexual Peers Major Professor: Heather L. Servaty-Seib Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) college students are among the most vulnerable to suicidal ideation and behaviors when compared to both heterosexual college students and other, generally older, members of the LGB community (Oswalt & Wyatt, 2011). Joiner’s (2005) interpersonal psychological theory of suicide seems to be a possible framework for conceptualizing suicidal ideation and behaviors for LGB college students. Joiner (2005) posited that perceived burdensomeness and thwarted belongingness are associated with suicidal ideation and that acquired capability is related to suicidal behaviors. With respect to thwarted belongingness, researchers have posited that LGB college students have four primary interpersonal connections, which are to their family, peers, academic institution, and sexual orientation community (Haas et al., 2011). In the present study, I examined whether or not LGB and heterosexual college students differed with respect to their reported levels of perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belongingness (i.e., family, peer, academic institution, and sexual orientation community), acquired capability, suicidal ideation, and suicidal behaviors. I also examined whether or not sexual orientation (i.e., LGB or heterosexual) moderated the relationships between: (a) perceived burdensomeness and suicidal ideation, (b) the spheres of belongingness (i.e., family, peer, academic institution, and sexual orientation
Rule Breakers and Attention Seekers: Personality Predictors of Integrity and Accountability in Leaders

Unethical leadership behavior can encourage follower CWBs and have costly organizational impacts. In this meta&#8208;analysis, we use data from 3,000 managers and executives to identify antecedents of ethical behaviors: integrity and accountability. Results suggest that many five factor model (Big Five) personality scales, personality derailers (dark side attributes), and values predict integrity and accountability. Leaders who are more conscientious, professional, and rule following and less attention seeking receive higher ratings of integrity and accountability. The strongest relationships were often for personality derailers (Excitable, Leisurely, Mischievous, Imaginative). Values and preferences (Aesthetics, Hedonism, Recognition) also had notable relationships. We discuss our results and their implications for organizations seeking to reduce CWBs, promote OCBs, or establish a climate of ethical behavior.
Large angular momentum closed strings colliding with D-branes

We investigate colliding processes of closed strings with large angular momenta with D-branes. We give explicit CFT calculations for closed string states with an arbitrary number of bosonic excitations and no or one fermion excitation. The results reproduce the correspondence between closed string states and single trace operators in the boundary gauge theory recently suggested by Berenstein, Maldacena and Nastase.
Effects of Acute Insulin-Induced Hypoglycemia on Indices of Inflammation

OBJECTIVE To examine the effects of acute insulin-induced hypoglycemia on inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, and platelet activation in adults with and without type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We studied 16 nondiabetic adults and 16 subjects with type 1 diabetes during euglycemia (blood glucose 4.5 mmol/l) and hypoglycemia (blood glucose 2.5 mmol/l). Markers of inflammation, thrombosis, and endothelial dysfunction (soluble P-selectin, interleukin-6, von Willebrand factor [vWF], tissue plasminogen activator [tPA], high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hsCRP], and soluble CD40 ligand [sCD40L]) were measured; platelet-monocyte aggregation and CD40 expression on monocytes were determined using flow cytometry. RESULTS In nondiabetic participants, platelet activation occurred after hypoglycemia, with increments in platelet-monocyte aggregation and P-selectin (P ≤ 0.02). Inflammation was triggered with CD40 expression increasing maximally at 24 h (3.13 ± 2.3% vs. 2.06 ± 1.0%) after hypoglycemia (P = 0.009). Both sCD40L and hsCRP (P = 0.02) increased with a nonsignificant rise in vWF and tPA, indicating a possible endothelial effect. A reduction in sCD40L, tPA, and P-selectin occurred during euglycemia (P = 0.03, P ≤ 0.006, and P = 0.006, respectively). In type 1 diabetes, both CD40 expression (5.54 ± 4.4% vs. 3.65 ± 1.8%; P = 0.006) and plasma sCD40L concentrations increased during hypoglycemia (peak 3.41 ± 3.2 vs. 2.85 ± 2.8 ng/ml; P = 0.03). Platelet-monocyte aggregation also increased significantly at 24 h after hypoglycemia (P = 0.03). A decline in vWF and P-selectin occurred during euglycemia (P ≤ 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Acute hypoglycemia may provoke upregulation and release of vasoactive substances in adults with and without type 1 diabetes. This may be a putative mechanism for hypoglycemia-induced vascular injury.
Measurement and Relation between Received and Exerted Violence against Partner

A female victimization model is often assumed in the study of couple violence, even in general population. In Mexico, a questionnaire of couple violence has been developed. This instrument evaluates suffered and exerted violence. The aims of this paper were to contrast the factor structure of this questionnaire, calculate its internal consistency, describe its distributions, compare means of violence between both sexes and between persons who live or not with their partners, and study the relationship between received and exerted violence. A non-experimental research with a trans-sectional design was performed. The questionnaire was applied to a non probability sample of 223 women and 177 men with heterosexual couples from general population. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were used for data analysis. The factor structure of received violence scale was one-dimensional, and the one of exerted violence scale was two-dimensional. Both sexes reported to exert violence with the same frequency, but men complained to receive violence with more frequency than women. Persons who live with their partners reported to receive more violence and to exert more nonpsychological violence than persons who do not live with their partners. The correlations between received and exercised violence were moderate. A recursive model of violent reaction showed a fit to data from good to adequate, and had good properties of invariance between both sexes, and between persons who live or not with their partners. It is concluded that the questionnaire has good properties of factor structure and internal consistency, and data refute a model of female victimization.
Associations of Glycemic Index and Load With Coronary Heart Disease Events: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohorts

Background Glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) have been associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in some but not all cohort studies. We therefore assessed the association of GI and GL with CHD risk in prospective cohorts. Methods and Results We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL (through April 5, 2012) and identified all prospective cohorts assessing associations of GI and GL with incidence of CHD. Meta-analysis of observational studies in epidemiology (MOOSE) methodologies were used. Relative measures of risk, comparing the group with the highest exposure (mean GI of cohorts=84.4 GI units, range 79.9 to 91; mean GL of cohorts=224.8, range 166 to 270) to the reference group (mean GI=72.3 GI units, range 68.1 to 77; mean GL=135.4, range 83 to 176), were pooled using random-effects models, expressed as relative risk (RR) with heterogeneity assessed by χ2 and quantified by I2. Subgroups included sex and duration of follow-up. Ten studies (n=240 936) were eligible. Pooled analyses showed an increase in CHD risk for the highest GI quantile compared with the lowest, with RR=1.11 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.99 to 1.24) and for GL, RR=1.27 (95% CI 1.09 to 1.49), both with evidence of heterogeneity (I2>42%, P<0.07). Subgroup analyses revealed only a significant modification by sex, with the female cohorts showing significance for GI RR=1.26 (95% CI 1.12 to 1.41) and for GL RR=1.55 (95% CI 1.18 to 2.03). Conclusions High GI and GL diets were significantly associated with CHD events in women but not in men. Further studies are required to determine the relationship between GI and GL with CHD in men.
Mesenchymal stem cells fail to trigger effector functions of cytotoxic T lymphocytes

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), isolated from adult human bone marrow, have immunomodulatory properties. The functional outcomes of MSCs–CTL interactions remain poorly characterized. In this study, we demonstrate that MSCs remain resistant to CTL lysis, even after pulsing with the specific synthetic peptide at high concentrations, in spite of surface expression of the relevant MHC class I allele. MSCs were also much less sensitive to lysis by an allo‐specific CTL clone as compared with HLA‐matched lymphoblastoid cell lines. MSCs induced CD25 up‐regulation, albeit at relatively low levels, and were unable to induce CD3 or CD8 down‐regulation at the surface of CTLs. MSCs also failed to induce IFN‐γ and TNF‐α production by the CTLs. Furthermore, peptide‐pulsed MSCs were inefficient in stimulating tyrosine phosphorylation in specific CTLs. Our results demonstrate that MSCs induce only an abortive activation program in fully differentiated, effector CTLs, which does not involve activation of major CTL effector functions. These data may have important implications for the development of therapeutic strategies based on administration of in vitro‐expanded MSCs.
Glucose Infusion in Mice

Developing new techniques to induce β-cells to replicate is a major goal in diabetes research. Endogenous β-cells replicate in response to metabolic changes, such as obesity and pregnancy, which increase insulin requirement. Mouse genetic models promise to reveal the pathways responsible for compensatory β-cell replication. However, no simple, short-term, physiological replication stimulus exists to test mouse models for compensatory replication. Here, we present a new tool to induce β-cell replication in living mice. Four-day glucose infusion is well tolerated by mice as measured by hemodynamics, body weight, organ weight, food intake, and corticosterone level. Mild sustained hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia induce a robust and significant fivefold increase in β-cell replication. Glucose-induced β-cell replication is dose and time dependent. β-Cell mass, islet number, β-cell size, and β-cell death are not altered by glucose infusion over this time frame. Glucose infusion increases both the total protein abundance and nuclear localization of cyclin D2 in islets, which has not been previously reported. Thus, we have developed a new model to study the regulation of compensatory β-cell replication, and we describe important novel characteristics of mouse β-cell responses to glucose in the living pancreas.
Introduction to flash memory

This paper mainly focuses on the development of the NOR flash memory technology, with the aim of describing both the basic functionality of the memory cell used so far and the main cell architecture consolidated today. The NOR cell is basically a floating-gate MOS transistor, programmed by channel hot electron and erased by Fowler-Nordheim tunneling. The main reliability issues, such as charge retention and endurance, are discussed, together with an understanding of the basic physical mechanisms responsible. Most of these considerations are also valid for the NAND cell, since it is based on the same concept of floating-gate MOS transistor. Furthermore, an insight into the multilevel approach, where two bits are stored in the same cell, is presented. In fact, the exploitation of the multilevel approach at each technology node allows an increase of the memory efficiency, almost doubling the density at the same chip size, enlarging the application range and reducing the cost per bit. Finally, NOR flash cell scaling issues are covered, pointing out the main challenges. Flash cell scaling has been demonstrated to be really possible and to be able to follow Moore's law down to the 130-nm technology generations. Technology development and consolidated know-how is expected to sustain the scaling trend down to 90- and 65-nm technology nodes. One of the crucial issues to be solved to allow cell scaling below the 65-nm node is the tunnel oxide thickness reduction, as tunnel thinning is limited by intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms.
Construct validity of the Spanish Version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Fifth Edition (WISC-VSpain)

ABSTRACT The construct validity of the Spanish Version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Fifth Edition (WISC-VSpain) was investigated via confirmatory factor analysis. For all 15 subtests, the higher-order model preferred by Wechsler (2015b) contained five group factors but lacked discriminant validity. A bifactor model with five group factors and one general factor in a Cattell-Horn-Carroll framework exhibited good fit when the Fluid Reasoning and Visual Spatial group factors were allowed to correlate but was compromised by low discriminant validity with concomitant interpretation confounding. A bifactor model with four group factors and one general factor akin to the traditional Wechsler model also exhibited good global fit and afforded greater parsimony through simple structure and fewer factors. In both models, the general factor was predominant, accounting for around 35% of the total variance and 67% of the common variance and about twice the variance accounted for by all the group factors combined. Similar results were obtained when the 10 primary subtests were analyzed. For both 10- and 15-subtest analyses, results demonstrated that reliable variance of WISC-VSpain factor index scores was primarily due to the general factor. It was concluded that the cumulative weight of reliability and validity evidence suggests that psychologists should focus their interpretive efforts at the general factor level and exercise extreme caution when using group factor scores to make decisions about individuals.
Policy learning and policy change: theorizing their relations from different perspectives

Abstract All politics and policy issues involve the accumulation of data about problems and solutions in context of social interactions. Drawing on these data, policy actors acquire, translate, and disseminate new information and knowledge toward achieving political endeavors and for revising or strengthening their policy-related beliefs over time. ‘Policy learning’ is a concept that refers to this cognitive and social dynamic. Articles in this special issue examine the relationship between policy learning and policy change from different theoretical perspectives. In this introduction to the special issue, we describe the current approaches that structure the field and gaps in knowledge separating policy learning and policy change. We introduce a refined conceptual framework to outline and compare the articles in the issue. These articles point to several facets of the learning phenomenon. First, the articles focus on the nature and consequences of learning by specific groups of society, such as advocacy coalitions, epistemic communities, citizens, street-level bureaucrats, and policy brokers. Second, they present learning processes in which information and experience are used to acquire new knowledge on policy objectives to substantiate and legitimize them or to change or form beliefs. Third, they identify several cognitive and social processes to strengthen the connection between policy learning and policy change. Finally, the articles point to several psychological, social, and institutional factors fostering or impeding these cognitive and social processes. This introduction concludes with avenues for future research.
Analysis of cyber security for industrial control systems

Industrial control systems (ICS) are specialized information systems that differs significantly form traditional information systems used in the IT world. The main use of ICS is to manage critical infrastructures such as, Oil and Natural Gas facilities, nuclear plants, smart grids, water and waste water . etc. ICS have many unique functional characteristics, including a need for real-time response and extremely high availability, predictability, reliability, as well as distributed intelligence. Which for, many advanced computing, communication and internet technologies were integrated to the ICS to cover more costumers requirements such as mobility, data analytics, extensibility . etc The integration of these technologies makes from the ICS open systems to the external world; this openness exposes the critical infrastructures to several Cyber security critical issues. Nowadays, cyber security emerges to be one of the most critical issues because of the immediate impact and the high cost of cyber-attacks. In this paper, we present a comprehensive analysis of cyber security issues for ICS. Specifically we focus on discussing and reviewing the different types and architectures of an ICS, security requirements, different threats attacks, and existing solutions to secure Industrial control systems. By this survey, we desire to provide a clear understanding of security issues in ICS and clarify the different research issues to solve in the future.
Bethe ansatz calculation of the spectral gap of the asymmetric exclusion process

We present a new derivation of the spectral gap of the totally asymmetric exclusion process on a half-filled ring of size L by using the Bethe ansatz. We show that, in the large-L limit, the Bethe equations reduce to a simple transcendental equation involving the polylogarithm, a classical special function. By solving that equation, the gap and the dynamical exponent are readily obtained. Our method can be extended to a system with an arbitrary density of particles.