Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rapid-Testing Technology and Systems Improvement for the Elimination of Congenital Syphilis in Haiti: Overcoming the “Technology to Systems Gap”

Background. Despite the availability of rapid diagnostic tests and inexpensive treatment for pregnant women, maternal-child syphilis transmission remains a leading cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries. In Haiti, more than 3000 babies are born with congenital syphilis annually. Methods and Findings. From 2007 to 2011, we used a sequential time series, multi-intervention study design in fourteen clinics throughout Haiti to improve syphilis testing and treatment in pregnancy. The two primary interventions were the introduction of a rapid point-of-care syphilis test and systems strengthening based on quality improvement (QI) methods. Syphilis testing increased from 91.5% prediagnostic test to 95.9% after (P < 0.001) and further increased to 96.8% (P < 0.001) after the QI intervention. Despite high rates of testing across all time periods, syphilis treatment lagged behind and only increased from 70.3% to 74.7% after the introduction of rapid tests (P = 0.27), but it improved significantly from 70.2% to 84.3% (P < 0.001) after the systems strengthening QI intervention. Conclusion. Both point-of-care diagnostic testing and health systems-based quality improvement interventions can improve the delivery of specific evidence-based healthcare interventions to prevent congenital syphilis at scale in Haiti. Improved treatment rates for syphilis were seen only after the use of systems-based quality improvement approaches.
Please Scroll down for Article the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology Distinctive Items Are Salient during Encoding: Delayed Judgements of Learning Predict the Isolation Effect

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Percepciones del profesorado sobre la inclusión: estudio preliminar

An inherent feature of the current society and, therefore, of the educational context is the diversity. This requires the need of an education that responds to the needs of each student, strengthen capabilities and make easier the learning process. All of this under the paradigm of inclusion. That justifies the need of reflect on the degree that teachers are trained to assume this challenge. The present study aims to analyze teachers ‘attitudes and training needs regarding inclusive cultures, policies and practices. To test this, a sample of 402 teachers from Castilla y Leon was selected. An ad hoc measure, developed for the current study, was used for the assessment. Results revealed high training needs for education professionals, which are mostly related to the lack of adequate training to participate in transforming their schools into inclusive settings, and with a lack of inclusive methodologies for implementation in schools.
Personalized Medicine Based on Theranostic Radioiodine Molecular Imaging for Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

Molecular imaging based personalized therapy has been a fascinating concept for individualized therapeutic strategy, which is able to attain the highest efficacy and reduce adverse effects in certain patients. Theranostics, which integrates diagnostic testing to detect molecular targets for particular therapeutic modalities, is one of the key technologies that contribute to the success of personalized medicine. Although the term “theranostics” was used after the second millennium, its basic principle was applied more than 70 years ago in the field of thyroidology with radioiodine molecular imaging. Differentiated thyroid cancer, which arises from follicular cells in the thyroid, is the most common endocrine malignancy, and theranostic radioiodine has been successfully applied to diagnose and treat differentiated thyroid cancer, the applications of which were included in the guidelines published by various thyroid or nuclear medicine societies. Through better pathophysiologic understanding of thyroid cancer and advancements in nuclear technologies, theranostic radioiodine contributes more to modern tailored personalized management by providing high therapeutic effect and by avoiding significant adverse effects in differentiated thyroid cancer. This review details the inception of theranostic radioiodine and recent radioiodine applications for differentiated thyroid cancer management as a prototype of personalized medicine based on molecular imaging.
'I feel whole today' : mind and body in counselling psychology practice

The current study investigated the experience of the Yoga Therapy for the Mind (YTFTM) 8-week course, a manualised yoga and mindfulness-based intervention, for mild to moderate depression and anxiety. Eight female students from across four YTFTM courses participated in semi-structured interviews exploring their experiences of the course. Interviews were analysed using an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, with thirteen subordinate themes emerging and grouping into four super-ordinate themes: Personal Journey of Change, Ambivalence, Mind/Body Connection and Group Experience. The findings of the study have been interpreted in light of relevant literature from across the fields of psychology, neuroscience and Buddhist and yogic philosophy. The findings echo previous research into comparable mindfulness-based courses, but suggest there may also be additional psychological benefits to the practice of yoga asana. These added benefits include a more holistic and embodied understanding of psychological distress and adaptive coping strategies, as well as enhanced wellbeing. Recommendations have been made with a view to influencing future courses and Counselling Psychologists interested in developing a more holistic approach to therapy.
H k Metrics on the Diffeomorphism Group of the Circle

Abstract Each H k inner product, k ∈ ℕ, endows the diffeomorphism group of the circle with a Riemannian structure. For k ≥ 1 the Riemannian exponential map is a smooth local diffeomorphism and the length-minimizing property of geodesics holds.
Modified Simple Adaptive Control for a two-link space robot

An adaptive control scheme is proposed for tracking a 12.6 × 12.6 m square trajectory by the endpoint of a two-link rigid joint space robot. The adaptive controller is based on the classical Transpose Jacobian control law where the controller gains are adapted using a modified version of the Simple Adaptive Control (SAC) adaptation law. The formal Lyapunov proof of stability for the adaptive control system is derived. Simulation results show that the proposed adaptive control methodology is a promising concept when applied to space robots and yields improved tracking results compared to a nonadaptive control strategy.
Modeling Spot Price Dependence in Australian Electricity Markets with Applications to Risk Management

We examine the dependence structure of electricity spot prices across regional markets in Australia. One of the major objectives in establishing a national electricity market was to provide a nationally integrated and efficient electricity market, limiting market power of generators in the separate regional markets. Our analysis is based on a GARCH approach to model the marginal price series in the considered regions in combination with copulae to capture the dependence structure between the marginals. We apply different copula models including Archimedean, elliptical and copula mixture models. We find a positive dependence structure between the prices for all considered markets, while the strongest dependence is exhibited between markets that are connected via interconnector transmission lines. Regarding the nature of dependence, the Student-t copula provides a good fit to the data, while the overall best results are obtained using copula mixture models due to their ability to also capture asymmetric dependence in the tails of the distribution. Interestingly, our results also suggest that for the four major markets, NSW, QLD, SA and VIC, the degree of dependence has decreased starting from the year 2008 towards the end of the sample period in 2010. Examining the Value-at-Risk of stylized portfolios constructed from electricity spot contracts in different markets, we find that the Student-t and mixture copula models outperform the Gaussian copula in a backtesting study. Our results are important for risk management and hedging decisions of market participants, in particular for those operating in several regional markets simultaneously. HighlightsWe model the dependence between regional Australian electricity markets using copulae.We find a significant positive dependence between all of the considered markets.Best results are obtained for Student-t and mixture Gumbel & survival Gumbel copulae.Tail dependence indicates that extreme prices happen jointly across regional markets.In a Value-at-Risk study models with tail dependence outperform the Gaussian copula.
Representations of language in a model of visually grounded speech signal

We present a visually grounded model of speech perception which projects spoken utterances and images to a joint semantic space. We use a multi-layer recurrent highway network to model the temporal nature of spoken speech, and show that it learns to extract both form and meaning-based linguistic knowledge from the input signal. We carry out an in-depth analysis of the representations used by different components of the trained model and show that encoding of semantic aspects tends to become richer as we go up the hierarchy of layers, whereas encoding of form-related aspects of the language input tends to initially increase and then plateau or decrease.
Cosmic-ray-driven dynamo in galactic disks. A parameter study

Aims. We present a parameter study of the magnetohydrodynamical-dynamo driven by cosmic rays in the interstellar medium (ISM), focusing on the efficiency of magnetic-field amplification and the issue of energy equipartition between magnetic, kinetic, and cosmicray (CR) energies. Methods. We perform numerical CR-MHD simulations of the ISM using an extended version of ZEUS-3D code in the shearingbox approximation and taking into account the presence of Ohmic resistivity, tidal forces, and vertical disk gravity. CRs are supplied in randomly-distributed supernova (SN) remnants and are described by the diffusion-advection equation, which incorporates an anisotropic diffusion tensor. Results. The azimuthal magnetic flux and total magnetic energy are amplified in the majority of models depending on a particular choice of model parameters. We find that the most favorable conditions for magnetic-field amplification correspond to magnetic diffusivity of the order of 3 × 10 25 cm 2 s −1 , SN rates close to those observed in the Milky Way, periodic SN activity corresponding to spiral arms, and highly anisotropic and field-aligned CR diffusion. The rate of magnetic-field amplification is relatively insensitive to the magnitude of SN rates spanning a range of 10% to 100% of realistic values. The timescale of magnetic-field amplification in the most favorable conditions is 150 Myr, at a galactocentric radius equal to 5 kpc, which is close to the timescale of galactic rotation. The final magnetic-field energies reached in the efficient amplification cases fluctuate near equipartition with the gas kinetic energy. In all models CR energy exceeds the equipartition values by a least an order of magnitude, in contrast to the commonly expected equipartition. We suggest that the excess of cosmic rays in numerical models can be attributed to the fact that the shearing box does not permit cosmic rays to leave the system along the horizontal magnetic field, as may be the case for true galaxies.
Pre-service primary teachers' experiences and self-efficacy to teach music: Are they ready?

Music is essential in developing the young brain, particularly skills relating to concentration, filtering, information retrieval, verbal competencies, mental visualisation, problem solving, empathy and personal expression. With the introduction of the Australian National Curriculum and its adoption as the basis of the Western Australian P-10 music syllabus, there is cause to reflect on the effectiveness of music provision within teacher education courses and pre-service generalist teachers’ abilities to deliver the new music syllabus. Accordingly, a mixed method study was conducted with first and fourth year Bachelor of Education primary students at a Western Australian university, to investigate students’ music experiences prior to and during the course. Fourth year graduating students were also asked to reflect on their self-efficacy to teach music based upon the course. For this article, selected data from 2013 and 2014 is presented as descriptive statistics along with interview observations to contextualise the findings. While students generally reported encouraging levels of musical engagement, this did not translate into self-efficacy to teach music. This article emphasises the importance of building pre-service teacher self-efficacy to support ongoing personal and professional engagement with music so future generations of young people can benefit from sustained, quality music education in primary schools.
Valuation of the effects of intersymbol interference in decision-feedback equalizers

For channels which suffer predominantly from additive noise and intersymbol interference, the decision-feedback equalizer has provided a relatively simple solution for reducing the effects of interfering symbols at the input to the decision device. A technique is developed that enables fast, accurate calculation of the error performance of decision-feedback equalization for a number of channel models. The method is to calculate the n-step transition probability for an associated Markov process and then use this transition probability as an approximation to the stationary probability distribution. For systems with finite memory, it is proved that the method converges. If the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is high and the signal amplitude is more than twice the worst-case interference, it is shown that the convergence is rapid. Numerical results indicate that the convergence is rapid enough to make this an efficient method of calculation, even for channels for which the interference does not fully satisfy this condition. Two examples are given here, but the technique has been tested on most of the examples that have been presented in the literature. The method yields results in closer agreement with simulation results than previous results obtained using bounding techniques, especially at low to moderate SNRs, and requires less computation.
FISH and chips: automation of fluorescent dot counting in interphase cell nuclei.

Fluorescence in situ hybridization allows the enumeration of chromosomal abnormalities in interphase cell nuclei. This process is called dot counting. To estimate the distribution of chromosomes per cell, a large number of cells have to be analyzed, especially when the frequency of aberrant cells is low. Automation of dot counting is required because manual counting is tedious, fatiguing, and time-consuming. We developed a completely automated fluorescence microscope system that can examine 500 cells in approximately 15 min to determine the number of labeled chromosomes (seen as dots) in each cell nucleus. This system works with two fluorescent dyes, one for the DNA hybridization dots and one for the cell nucleus. After the stage has moved to a new field, the image is automatically focused, acquired by a Photometrics KAF 1400 camera (Photometrics Ltd., Tuscon, AZ, USA), and then analyzed on a Macintosh Quadra 840AV (Apple Computer, Inc., Cupertino, CA, USA) computer. After the required number of cells has been analyzed, the user may interact to correct the computer by working with a gallery of the cell images. The automated dot counter has been tested on a number of normal specimens where 4,'6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) was used for the nucleus counterstain and a centromeric 8 probe was used to mark the desired chromosome. The slides contained lymphocytes from cultured blood. We compared the results of the dot counter with manual counting. Manually obtained results, published in the literature, were used as the "ground truth. " For a normal specimen, 97.5% of cells will have two dots. Fully automated scanning of 13 slides showed that an average of 89% of all nuclei were counted correctly. In other words, an average of 11% has to be interactively corrected, using a monitor display. The machine accuracies, after interactive correction, are comparable to panels of human experts (manual). The fully automatically obtained results are biased with respect to manual counting. An error analysis is given, and different causes are discussed.
Safety of Using Diapers Containing Copper Oxide in Chronic Care Elderly Patients

Copper has very potent antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and acaricidal properties. Recently the use of copper alloys in hospital wards has been shown to reduce bioburden and nosocomial infection rates. We hypothesized that the use of copper oxide in textiles and other products that are in close contact with the patients may significantly reduce bioburden in clinical settings and consequently reduce the risk of nosocomial infections. In order to test this hypothesis we intend to conduct a trial in which we will examine if the nosocomial infection rates in a chronic care ward will be reduced when all the textile products will include copper oxide. The risk of adverse reactions due to dermal contact with copper are considered extremely low and medical devices containing copper, such as intrauterine devices and dental amalgams, are safely used for decades. Textile products containing copper oxide are being sold worldwide for several years and not even one adverse reaction was noted. However, in spite of all the above, and in preparation to the clinical trial we intend to conduct in a chronic care ward (long-term care facility), we conducted this preliminary study in which we examined the safety of using copper oxide impregnated diapers in 16 chronic care patients that used the diapers for 6 consecutive months. Importantly, not even one adverse reaction was recorded during the whole trial, indicating the high safety of the diapers. Therefore, this study allows us to examine the efficacy of textiles containing copper oxide in reducing nosocomial infections in larger populations, including in frail chronic care patients.
Comparison of Bayesian land surface temperature algorithm performance with Terra MODIS observations

An approach to land surface temperature (LST) estimation that relies upon Bayesian inference has been tested against multiband infrared radiometric imagery from the Terra MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) instrument. The algorithm employed requires minimal knowledge of surface emissivity, starting from a parsimoniously chosen (hence, uninformative) range of prior band emissivity knowledge. Two estimation methods have been tested. The first is the iterative contraction mapping of joint expectation values for LST and surface emissivity described in a previous paper. In the second method, the Bayesian algorithm is reformulated as a maximum a posteriori (MAP) search for the maximum joint a posteriori probability for LST, given observed sensor aperture radiances and a priori probabilities for LST and emissivity. Two MODIS data granules each for daytime and night-time were used for the comparison. The granules were chosen to be largely cloud-free, with limited vertical relief in those portions of the granules for which the sensor zenith angle . Level 1b radiances were used to obtain 500 LST estimates per granule for comparison with the Level 2 MODIS LST product. The Bayesian LST estimators accurately reproduce standard MODIS product LST values. In particular, the mean discrepancy for the MAP retrievals is , and its standard deviation does not exceed 1K. The ±68% confidence intervals for individual LST estimates associated with assumed uncertainty in surface emissivity are of order 0.8K. The appendix presents a proof of convergence of the iterative contraction mapping algorithm. The expectation values of surface temperature in multiple bands, and jointly in all bands, converge to a fixed point, within a stipulated convergence criterion. Provided the support for the calculation of the expectation value brackets the maximum in the joint posterior probability for LST, the fixed point converges to the MAP LST estimate in the limit .
Attitudes towards disability management: A survey of employees returning to work and their supervisors.

OBJECTIVES Return to work after a leave on disability is a common phenomenon, but little is known about the attitudes of employees or their supervisors towards the disability management process. We report on employee and supervisor feedback from one disability management experience. PARTICIPANTS 389 consecutive employees from the Ontario offices of a single private Canadian insurance company returning to work from short-term disability, and their supervisors. METHODS We surveyed employees and their supervisors about their experience with, and attitudes towards, the disability management process. RESULTS Of those surveyed, 88 employees and 75 supervisors provided data (response rates of 22.6% and 19.3% respectively). The majority of respondents (79.1% of employees and supervisors) endorsed positive attitudes towards their disability management experience. More than 25% of employees disagreed with the following three items: case managers contributed to recovery, case managers removed barriers to recovery, and sufficient support was provided in the return to work process. More than 25% of employees and managers reported that a commitment to modify an unhelpful work situation was not followed through. CONCLUSION The majority of participating employees returning to work from short-term disability, and their supervisors, reported a high level of satisfaction with the disability management process. Areas that may benefit from attention include some aspects of case manager-employee interaction and ensuring that support during the return to work process is provided, including modification to work situations when appropriate.
The Effect of Organizational Justice on Organizational Cynicism and Turnover Intention: A Research on the Banking Sector

The aim of this study is to identify the effect of organizational justice on the relationship between organizational cynicism and turnover intention. In this regard, a field study has been conducted banking employees in the province of Konya. The data used in the study was obtained via questionnaire method. Data were analysed by SPSS (22.0) and descriptive statistics, analyses of regression were performed to achieve results. The findings of the study revealed that there is a negative and statistically significant relationship between organizational justice and organizational cynicism. Besides this, there is a negative and statistically significant relationship between organizational justice and turnover intention.