Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of OSAS incidence and influential factors in middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension.

BACKGROUND To investigate the detection rate and influencing factors of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) in middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension. METHODS A total of 440 patients with hypertension were selected as the research objects, all of them participated in the Berlin questionnaire survey, and the polysomnography (PSG) was performed on the patients with a high risk of OSAS. The detection rate of OSAS was analyzed, the clinical data between non-OSAS group and OSAS group were compared and stepwise linear regression and logistic regression were used to analyze the related influencing factors to Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) and OSAS in hypertensive patients. RESULTS A total of 235 patients completed PSG and 196 patients were diagnosed as OSAS with the detection rate of 83.40%. The detection rate of OSAS in male patients was higher than that in females (89.04% vs.74.16%, χ2=8.025, P=0.006). The detection rates of OSAS in normal BMI group, overweight group and obesity group were 56.52%, 92.37% and 100%, respectively (χ2=36.438, P<0.001). The detection rates of OSAS in normal waistline group and central obesity group were 74.42% and 88.59% (χ2=7.539, P=0.016). The detection rates of OSAS in grade 1, grade 2, and grade 3 hypertension groups were 57.47%, 98.23%, and 100%, respectively (χ2=44.623, P<0.001). BMI, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and waist circumference of OSAS group were all higher than those in non-OSAS group (P<0.05). BMI, SBP and DBP were positively correlated with AHI (P<0.05), which were independent risk factors of OSAS (OR=2.548 [95% CI: 1.449-4.327], 1.342 [95% CI: 1.214-1.965] and 1.169 [95% CI: 1.025-1.622], respectively, P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The incidence of OSAS in middle-aged and elderly patients with hypertension is high. High BMI, SBP, and DBP are independent risk factors of OSAS.
Longitudinal decline in structural networks predicts dementia in cerebral small vessel disease

Objective To determine whether longitudinal change in white matter structural network integrity predicts dementia and future cognitive decline in cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). To investigate whether network disruption has a causal role in cognitive decline and mediates the association between conventional MRI markers of SVD with both cognitive decline and dementia. Methods In the prospective longitudinal SCANS (St George's Cognition and Neuroimaging in Stroke) Study, 97 dementia-free individuals with symptomatic lacunar stroke were followed with annual MRI for 3 years and annual cognitive assessment for 5 years. Conversion to dementia was recorded. Structural networks were constructed from diffusion tractography using a longitudinal registration pipeline, and network global efficiency was calculated. Linear mixed-effects regression was used to assess change over time. Results Seventeen individuals (17.5%) converted to dementia, and significant decline in global cognition occurred (p = 0.0016). Structural network measures declined over the 3-year MRI follow-up, but the degree of change varied markedly between individuals. The degree of reductions in network global efficiency was associated with conversion to dementia (B = −2.35, odds ratio = 0.095, p = 0.00056). Change in network global efficiency mediated much of the association of conventional MRI markers of SVD with cognitive decline and progression to dementia. Conclusions Network disruption has a central role in the pathogenesis of cognitive decline and dementia in SVD. It may be a useful disease marker to identify that subgroup of patients with SVD who progress to dementia.
The Problems in the teaching and learning of Accounting as a vocational subject in Nigeria Secondary Schools

This study is designed to identify the problems facing the teaching and learning of Accounting as a vocational subject in secondary schools in Ondo State and to proffer solution. The study population was about 150 senior accounting teachers in those schools that registered students for accounting at the SSC Examination for at least the past five years. Samples of 50 senior accounting teachers, one teacher per school, were selected from eight out of the 18 local government areas. A questionnaire was used for data collection and was validated by experts. The split half reliability coefficients of the two scales in the questionnaire (I8-item problems and 12-item solutions) were 0.85 and 0.75 respectively. Data were analyzed using mean responses, independent t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA). Findings revealed that 14 out of the 18-items problems were identified and accepted. All the 12-item solution was also accepted. The hypothesis tested showed that there was a significant difference in the perception/rating of the problems by the accounting teachers in public and private schools (t = 2.51, df = 34, P<0.05); (2) There was no significant difference in the perception/rating of the problems by the accounting teachers in either boys, girls only or mixed school (F (2,51) = 0.0143, P < 0.05); (3) There was no significant difference in the perception/rating of the problems by the accounting teachers in the secondary schools in the various local government areas.
Short-Sales Constraints and Price Discovery: Evidence from the Hong Kong Market

Short‐sales practices in the Hong Kong stock market are unique in that only stocks on a list of designated securities can be sold short. By analyzing the price effects following the addition of individual stocks to the list, we find that short‐sales constraints tend to cause stock overvaluation and that the overvaluation effect is more dramatic for individual stocks for which wider dispersion of investor opinions exists. These findings are consistent with Miller's (1977) intuition and other optimism models. We also document higher volatility and less positive skewness of individual stock returns when short sales are allowed.
Calibration and application of B/Ca, Cd/Ca, and δ11B in Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral) to constrain CO2 uptake in the subpolar North Atlantic during the last deglaciation

The North Atlantic and Norwegian Sea are prominent sinks of atmospheric CO_2 today, but their roles in the past remain poorly constrained. In this study, we attempt to use B/Ca and δ^(11)B ratios in the planktonic foraminifera Neogloboquadrina pachyderma (sinistral variety) to reconstruct subsurface water pH and pCO_2 changes in the polar North Atlantic during the last deglaciation. Comparison of core-top results with nearby hydrographic data shows that B/Ca in N. pachyderma (s) is mainly controlled by seawater B(OH)_4−/HCO_3− with a roughly constant partition coefficient (K_D = [B/Ca]_(CaCO_3) / [B(OH)_4−/HCO_3− (seawater)) of 1.48 ± 0.15 × 10^(−3) (2σ), and δ^(11)B in this species is offset below δ^(11)B of the borate in seawater by 3.38 ± 0.71‰ (2σ). These values represent our best estimates with the sparse available hydrographic data close to our core-tops. More culturing and sediment trap work is needed to improve our understanding of boron incorporation into N. pachyderma (s). Application of a constant K_D of 1.48 × 10^(−3) to high resolution N. pachyderma (s) B/Ca records from two adjacent cores off Iceland shows that subsurface pCO_2 at the habitat depth of N. pachyderma (s) (~50 m) generally followed the atmospheric CO_2 trend but with negative offsets of ~10–50 ppmv during 19–10 ka. These B/Ca-based reconstructions are supported by independent estimates from low-resolution δ^(11)B measurements in the same cores. We also calibrate and apply Cd/Ca in N. pachyderma (s) to reconstruct nutrient levels for the same down cores. Like today's North Atlantic, past subsurface pCO_2 variability off Iceland was significantly correlated with nutrient changes that might be linked to surface nutrient utilization and mixing within the upper water column. Because surface pCO_2 (at 0 m water depth) is always lower than at deeper depths and if the application of a constant KD is valid, our results suggest that the polar North Atlantic has remained a CO_2 sink during the calcification seasons of N. pachyderma (s) over the last deglaciation.
A Multinomial Logit Model of Pedestrian–Vehicle Crash Severity

ABSTRACT This article estimated a multinomial logit model to identify the factors determining the severity of pedestrian–vehicle crashes in South Korea. Our results showed that relative to minor crashes, fatal and serious crashes were associated with collisions involving heavy vehicles; drivers who were drunk, male or under the age of 65; pedestrians who were over the age of 65 or female; and pedestrians who were hit in the middle of the road, on high speed roads, in inclement weather conditions, at night, on road links, in tunnels, on bridges, or on wider roads.
Network model of pulsatile hemodynamics in the microcirculation of the rabbit omentum.

GROSS, JOSEPH F. , MARCOS INTAGLIETTA, AND BENJAMIN W. ZWEIFACH. Network model of pulsatile lzemodynamics in the microcirculation of the rabbit omentum. Am. J. Physiol. 226(5) : 1117-l 123. 1974. -Pulsatile pressure and red cell velocities were measured throughout the microvasculature of the rabbit omentum as a function of the order of branching. The data were analyzed in terms of a network model that incorporates known structural properties of the microvessels at each level of branching. Pulsatile effects are described by a “pressure diffusion” equation, where the diffusion coefficient is determined by the dimensions and mechanical properties of the . microvessels at each order of branching. Experimental and theoretical results show that measurable pressure and velocity pulsatile effects persist through this microvascular bed. Pressure and flow amplitudes were found to decay and the corresponding phase was found to increase, which indicates that this microcirculatory network behaves as a relatively compliant system. Effects in the semipermeable microvessels could be accounted for by compliance due to exchange as well as by compliance due to elasticity. Pressure amplitude and phase were found to be a more sensitive index of changes in structural properties in the microcirculation than corresponding velocity effects.
Contribution to wind turbine emulation based on wound rotor induction machine configuration

This paper deals with a technique for emulation of wind turbine systems which are based on wound rotor induction machine technology using a reduced-scale test bench. The development of new control algorithms and fault diagnosis techniques is the main aim of this emulation with which the efficacy of these novel strategies can be evaluated in working conditions similar to those of full-scale wind turbines. The reduced-scale test bench has been designed according to the main components of a full-scale wind turbine system namely the main bearing, the main shaft, the planetary gearbox and the wound rotor induction machine. A rotor side converter is involved to manage both active and reactive power exchange with the power grid. Moreover, an external real-time data acquisition platform is utilized for data collection from different elements of the test bench. This has been realized using different kinds of measurement which are the outcome of accelerometer, torque, current and voltage sensors that will be used for studying the efficacy of various approaches of wind turbines' condition monitoring. The parameters of a full-scale 600kW wind turbine have been used and adapted to a reduced-scale test bench setup based on a 5.5kW wound rotor induction machine for the validation of the proposed method.
Information and Communication Technology as a Differentiation Tool in Restaurants

Hospitality companies implement various communication and information technologies to improve efficiency and customer service, among other aspects. However, the literature has paid little attention to investment in technology by restaurants. Therefore, this article aims at testing the use of technology as a differentiation instrument by restaurants. As a result of this analysis for a sample of 150 restaurant owners or managers, these findings allow the identification of the specific technology solutions that make the difference across restaurants and, thus, to infer the information and communication technologies that should be prioritized by restaurant owners/managers depending on their restaurant profile.
ANALISIS FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG MEMPENGARUHI AUDITOR SWITCHING

: Analysis of Affecting voluntary switching Auditors Factors (Empirical Study On Registered Manufacturing Company in IDX, Year 2014-2017 . The purpose of this research is to examine the effect of change in management, audit opinion, financial distress, KAP size, and client size on the auditor switching. This research used the sample of manufacturing industries which listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange during 2014-2017 period. The number of manufacturing sampled in this study were 32 companies with 3 years observation. Based on purposive sampling method, sample consist of 96 financial statements in this research. Hypothesis in this research are tested by logistic regression analytical method Data analysis show that change in manajement has significantly effect on auditor switching with positive direction. Otherwise, audit opinion, financial distress, KAP size, and client size do not have significantly effect on the auditor switching.
The impact of remittances on economic growth in small-open developing economies

The essence of this study is to verify the macroeconomic implications of cross-border remittances for economic growth prospects of small-open developing economies for the period, 1996-2006. A set of dynamic panel model, specified within the framework of Blundell-Bond Generalized Method of Moment (GMM) was empirically analyzed. Using annual panel data from 31 small-open developing countries from Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America and the Caribbean, this paper argues that, contemporaneously, remittances contribute significantly to economic growth in small-open developing economies. Remittances, however, contribute more to long-run economic growth in Latin America and the Caribbean than to Sub-Saharan Africa. In dynamic terms, remittances retard economic growth, but with overall positive impact across these regions.
Is There Job Lock? Evidence from the Pre-HIPAA Era

We estimate discrete time hazard models of employment duration and standard logarithmic wage equations using the 1987 and 1990 panels of the Survey of Income and Program Participation (SIPP) to examine the phenomenon of job lock. We test for job lock using differences-in-differences approaches among those with and without employer-provided health insurance and family members with and without health problems. We find no statistically significant evidence of job lock on employment duration or wages using this approach. We do find some evidence of shorter employment spells for those with employer-provided health insurance and spouse-provided health insurance, and longer employment spells for those with employer-provided health insurance and large families. Others have interpreted these findings as evidence of job lock. However, the wage equation results using these measures are not consistent with job lock. Although anecdotal evidence makes it clear that some workers have been locked into less-than-optimal jobs because of the combination of health problems and employer-provided health insurance, our results do not suggest that this phenomenon is pervasive in the U.S. economy.
The role of consumer ethnocentrism in a buy national campaign in a transitioning country

Purpose – The goal of this paper is to examine the link between consumer ethnocentrism (CE) and the attitudes of two consumer groups to a buy local campaign in a transitioning economy, Slovakia.Design/methodology/approach – Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected from 211 non‐students at shopping malls in Banska Bystrica (non‐student group) and from 209 students at the University of Matej Bela, Banska Bystrica (student group) in Slovakia. Ethnocentrism was measured using the consumer ethnocentric tendencies scale (CETSCALE) while attitudinal statements were used to measure the attitudes toward locally made products and a buy local campaign. The attitudinal data were factor analysed and the correlations between the CETSCALE and the attitudinal statements were examined. Summative scales based on the factor analysis results were also developed.Findings – A significant finding of this paper is the role of the government and industry in encouraging Slovakians to buy local. The nonstudent consumer.
Supply chain management: a strategic perspective

Many leading firms in the USA have adopted an integrated strategic approach to purchasing and logistics management known as supply chain management. As the twenty‐first century begins, supply chain management has become a significant strategic tool for firms striving to improve quality, customer service and competitive success. This article surveyed senior managers in various industries to study the prevalent supply chain management and supplier evaluation practices. The study reduced these practices to a smaller set of constructs and related the constructs to firm performance. The results show that many constructs were correlated with firm performance and that some constructs were found to adversely affect performance.
The inflation experience of older households

Recent increases in inflation have been accompanied by concerns over the extent to which official figures match the 'true' household experience of inflation. Rapid increases in the prices of household fuel, petrol and diesel and, more recently, of food have brought considerable attention to the fact that inflation will be different for different households according to their expenditure patterns. Any measure of inflation, such as the Retail Prices Index (RPI) or Consumer Prices Index (CPI), is necessarily only an average of the experience of different households and may not be especially representative of what is happening for any household in particular. Using data from the Expenditure and Food Survey, this Commentary looks at the inflation experience (based on the RPI) for different groups of households, examining how the average inflation rate they face has varied over time and making comparisons across the groups, focusing in particular on pensioner households.
Ownership concentration and dividend policy in Japan

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to test two agency-based hypotheses regarding the effect of ownership concentration on dividend policy using a large sample of Japanese firms. Design/methodology/approach - Level regressions associating payout rates to ownership concentration are run. Different measures of payout are used to ensure the robustness of our findings. Endogeneity of ownership is taken into account. The choice of instruments is carefuly motivated and their statistical power and exogeneity are checked. How ownership concentration affects the propensity to increase dividends following changes in variables correlated with free cash flows is also examined. Findings - The results are consistent with rent extraction by large shareholders. Ownership concentration is associated with significantly lower dividends in proportion to earnings as well as relative to book equity. An endogenous relation between ownership concentration and dividend payout is established, but the results are not statistically different. Firms with concentrated ownership are also less likely to increase dividends when earnings increase or when debt decreases. Practical implications - Large shareholders do not appear to use dividend policy to remove excess cash and impose greater financial discipline on managers. Instead, the results underline the conflicts of interest between majority and minority shareholders. Originality/value - The endogeneity of ownership is controlled for using firm age and the industry's average ownership concentration as instruments. The effect of ownership concentration on dividend changes following changes in proxies for free cash flows is also analyzed.
Magnetic Properties of Hot-Pressed  ${\rm FeSb}_{{2}}$

We report on the magnetic properties of a hot-pressed FeSb2 sample. We find a significant increase in the magnetic susceptibility in our sample when compared with the values previously reported for the polycrystalline sample. The pronounced Curie tail at low temperature corresponds to 0.2% of Fe2+ impurities per mole. In the intrinsic conductivity region, the susceptibility due to free carriers shows thermally activated behavior and is consistent with the data reported for single crystal FeSb2. Based on our data and analysis, while the enhanced magnetic susceptibility in our sample comes mainly from a small amount of unreacted Fe, the contribution from the enhanced carrier density due to lattice and strain defects arising from the ball milling process is also significant. Existence of an unreacted Fe phase is evidenced by small coercivity values of ~100 observed at 50 and 300 K.
Work Transitions into and Out of Involuntary Temporary Employment in a Segmented Market: Evidence from Spain

The dual character of the Spanish labor market, with permanent workers on the one hand and less favored peripheral workers on the other, became more pronounced following the deregulation of temporary employment. This paper uses the Spanish Labor Force Survey to assess whether, as predicted by labor market segmentation theories, temporary employment is non-transitional (permanent) and involuntary. An analysis of the rates and dynamics of transitions into and out of temporary employment across different groups of working-age respondents shows that much of Spanish temporary employment is involuntary, with temporary workers having limited opportunities for advancement. The evidence points to the need for public policy to address problems posed by the trap that temporary employment has apparently become for growing numbers of workers.
Silage review: Foodborne pathogens in silage and their mitigation by silage additives.

Silage is one of the main ingredients in dairy cattle diets and it is an important source of nutrients, particularly energy and digestible fiber. Unlike properly made and managed silage, poorly made or contaminated silage can also be a source of pathogenic bacteria that may decrease dairy cow performance, reduce the safety and quality dairy products, and compromise animal and human health. Some of the pathogenic bacteria that are frequently or occasionally associated with silage are enterobacteria, Listeria, Bacillus spp. , Clostridium spp. , and Salmonella. The symptoms caused by these bacteria in dairy cows vary from mild diarrhea and reduced feed intake by Clostridium spp. to death and abortion by Listeria. Contamination of food products with pathogenic bacteria can cause losses of millions of dollars due to recalls of unsafe foods and decreases in the shelf life of dairy products. The presence of pathogenic bacteria in silage is usually due to contamination or poor management during the fermentation, aerobic exposure, or feed-out stages. Silage additives and inoculants can improve the safety of silage as well as the fermentation, nutrient recovery, quality, and shelf life. This review summarizes the literature on the main foodborne pathogens that occasionally infest silage and how additives can improve silage safety.