Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PAPER 5: BLOCKADE OF BETA-ADRENERGIC SIGNALLING DOES NOT INFLUENCE FRACTURE HEALING IN A MOUSE MODEL

Introduction: Influence of beta-blockers against fracture is controversial. Role of beta-blockers in fracture treatment not explored. Objective: to analyze influence of propranolol, a beta-blocker, on fracture healing in a mouse model. Materials and Methods: Fracture and intramedullary nailing on right femur of 8 week, male C57BL/6 mice. Daily propranolol in drinking water: 0 (control), 4 (low dose) and 20 (high dose) mg/kg 3 week: microcomputed tomography (microCT), histological analyses 6 week: microCT, mechanical testing N = 5 uC 9/group Statistics: two-way ANOVA. A = 0.05. Results: From 3 to 6 weeks, callus volume and bone mineral content (BMC) decreased, and tissue mineral density increased significantly in control groups. Callus volume and BMC decreased significantly in low dose groups. No significance in high dose groups. No significance with treatment. At 3 weeks, callus area and woven bone percentage not different with treatment. At 6 weeks, ultimate torque not different with treatment or fracture. Within the control groups, twist at ultimate torque significantly lower in fractured bones. Torsional rigidity increased significantly in fractured bones, but not different with treatment. Discussion: Most studies based on population observation or manipulation of sympathetic signaling using intact animal bones. The current fracture model may have created neural damage, thereby interrupting the sympathetic pathway and negating its regulation of bone metabolism. Whether neural signaling is compromised by fracture treatment requires further study and may be critical to the action of beta-blockers in bone.
Kallikreins 5, 6 and 10 Differentially Alter Pathophysiology and Overall Survival in an Ovarian Cancer Xenograft Model

Human tissue kallikreins (KLKs) are members of a multigene family of serine proteases aberrantly expressed in many cancer types. In ovarian cancer, 12 KLKs are upregulated, and of those KLK5, 6 and 10 have been the focus of investigations into new diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. However, little is known about the contributions of KLK5, 6 and 10 to ovarian cancer pathophysiology. In this study, a panel of 13 human ovarian cancer cell lines was screened by ELISA for secretion of KLK5, 6, 8, 10, 13, and 14. The ES-2 cell line, devoid of these kallikreins, was transfected with expression vectors of KLK5, 6 and 10 individually or in pairs. Co-expression of KLK5, 6 and 10 was correlated with lessened aggressivity of ovarian cancer cell lines as defined by reduced colony formation in soft agar and tumorigenicity in nude mice. ES-2 clones overexpressing KLK5, 10/5, 10/6, 5/6 made significantly fewer colonies in soft agar. When compared to control mice, survival of mice injected with ES-2 clones overexpressing KLK10, 10/5, 10/6, 5/6 was significantly longer, while KLK6 was shorter. All groups displaying a survival advantage also differed quantitatively and qualitatively in their presentation of ascites, with both a reduced incidence of ascites and an absence of cellular aggregates within those ascites. The survival advantage conferred by KLK10 overexpression could be recapitulated with the exogenous administration of a recombinant KLK10. In conclusion, these findings indicate that KLK5, 6 and 10 may modulate the progression of ovarian cancer, and interact together to alter tumour pathophysiology. Furthermore, results support the putative role of KLK10 as a tumour suppressor and suggest it may hold therapeutic potential in ovarian cancer.
Model-based speech/non-speech segmentation of a heterogeneous multilingual TV broadcast collection

Multimedia Information Retrieval systems normally comprise a preprocessor that performs a speech/non-speech (SNS) segmentation of the audio stream. The goal of such a segmentation is to divide the audio into intervals that need a lexical transcription and intervals that just need some categorization in terms of jingle, applause, etc. In this paper a baseline SNS system that was trained on monolingual BN data is evaluated on a multilingual BN corpus and on a heterogeneous corpus, composed of diverse TV shows including discussions, soaps, animation films, etc. It appears that the system exhibits serious deficiencies when confronted with such out-of-domain data. Especially the heterogeneous corpus, characterized by many short speaker turns and a rich pallet of non-speech intervals, turns out to be challenging. However, employing a proper SNS information criterion, it is demonstrated that enhancing the acoustic representation of the audio, creating a richer music model and performing a file-wise adaptation of the acoustic models can significantly increase the performance. Complex architectures permitting explicit duration modeling and re-segmentation of the speech parts after speaker change detection on the other hand do not seem to help.
Energy modeling of system settings: A crowdsourced approach

The question “Where has my battery life gone? ” remains a common source of frustration for many smartphone users. With the increased complexity of smartphone applications, and the increasing number of system settings affecting them, understanding and optimizing battery use has become a difficult chore. The present paper develops a novel approach for constructing energy models from crowdsourced measurements. In contrast to previous approaches, which have focused on the effect of a specific sensor, system setting or application, our approach can simultaneously capture relationships between multiple factors, and provide a unified view of the energy state of the mobile device. We demonstrate the validity of using crowdsourced measurements for constructing battery models through a combination of large-scale analysis of a dataset containing battery discharge and system state measurements and hardware power measurements. The results indicate that the models captured by our approach are both in line with previous studies on battery consumption and empirical measurements, providing a cost-effective way to construct energy models during normal operations of the device. The analysis also provides several new insights about battery consumption. For example, our analysis shows the energy use of high CPU activity with automatic screen brightness is actually higher (resulting in around 9 minutes shorter battery lifetime on average) than with a medium CPU load and manual screen brightness; a Wi-Fi signal strength drop of one bar can result in a battery life loss of over 13%; and a smartphone sitting in the sun can experience over 50% worse battery life than one indoors in cool conditions.
Paternal uniparental disomy 14 and related disorders

Although recent studies in patients with paternal uniparental disomy 14 [upd(14)pat] and other conditions affecting the chromosome 14q32.2 imprinted region have successfully identified underlying epigenetic factors involved in the development of upd(14)pat phenotype, several matters, including regulatory mechanism(s) for RTL1 expression, imprinting status of DIO3 and placental histological characteristics, remain to be elucidated. We therefore performed molecular studies using fresh placental samples from two patients with upd(14)pat. We observed that RTL1 expression level was about five times higher in the placental samples of the two patients than in control placental samples, whereas DIO3 expression level was similar between the placental samples of the two patients and the control placental samples. We next performed histological studies using the above fresh placental samples and formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded placental samples obtained from a patient with a maternally derived microdeletion involving DLK1, the-IG-DMR, the MEG3-DMR and MEG3. Terminal villi were associated with swollen vascular endothelial cells and hypertrophic pericytes, together with narrowed capillary lumens. DLK1, RTL1 and DIO3 proteins were specifically identified in vascular endothelial cells and pericytes, and the degree of protein staining was well correlated with the expression dosage of corresponding genes. These results suggest that RTL1as-encoded microRNA functions as a repressor of RTL1 expression, and argue against DIO3 being a paternally expressed gene. Furthermore, it is inferred that DLK1, DIO3 and, specially, RTL1 proteins, play a pivotal role in the development of vascular endothelial cells and pericytes.
Inpainting Strategies for Reconstruction of Missing Data in VHR Images

Missing data in very high spatial resolution (VHR) optical imagery take origin mainly from the acquisition conditions. Their accurate reconstruction represents a great methodological challenge because of the complexity and the ill-posed nature of the problem. In this letter, we present three different solutions, with all based on the inpainting approach, which consists in reconstructing the missing regions in a given image by propagating the spectrogeometrical information retrieved from the remaining parts of the image. They rely on the idea to enrich the patch search process by including local image properties or by isometric transformations or to reformulate it under a multiresolution processing scheme, respectively. Thorough experiments conducted on two different VHR images are reported and discussed.
The Functional Organization of Working Memory Processes Within Human Lateral Frontal Cortex: The Contribution of Functional Neuroimaging

Recent functional neuroimaging studies have provided a wealth of new information about the likely organization of working memory processes within the human lateral frontal cprtex. This article seeks to evaluate the results of these studies in the context of two contrasting theoretical models of lateral frontal‐lobe function, developed through lesion and electrophysiological recording work in non‐human primates (Goldman‐Rakic, 1994, 1995; Petrides, 1994, 1995). Both models focus on a broadly similar distinction between anatomically and cytoarchitectonically distinct dorsolateral and ventrolateral frontal cortical areas, but differ in the precise functions ascribed to those regions. Following a review of the relevant anatomical data, the origins of these two theoretical positions are considered in some detail and the main predictions arising from each are identified. Recent functional neuroimaging studies of working memory processes are then critically reviewed in order to assess the extent to which they support either, or both, sets of predictions. The results of this meta‐analysis suggest that lateral regions of the frontal lobe are not functionally organized according to stimulus modality, as has been widely assumed, but that specific regions within the dorsolateral or ventrolateral frontal cortex make identical functional contributions to both spatial and non‐spatial working memory.
Prohibitin Family Members Interact Genetically with Mitochondrial Inheritance Components in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

ABSTRACT Phb2p, a homolog of the tumor suppressor protein prohibitin, was identified in a genetic screen for suppressors of the loss of Mdm12p, a mitochondrial outer membrane protein required for normal mitochondrial morphology and inheritance in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Phb2p and its homolog, prohibitin (Phb1p), were localized to the mitochondrial inner membrane and characterized as integral membrane proteins which depend on each other for their stability. In otherwise wild-type genetic backgrounds, null mutations in PHB1 andPHB2 did not confer any obvious phenotypes. However, loss of function of either PHB1 or PHB2 in cells with mitochondrial DNA deleted led to altered mitochondrial morphology, and phb1 or phb2 mutations were synthetically lethal when combined with a mutation in any of three mitochondrial inheritance components of the mitochondrial outer membrane, Mdm12p, Mdm10p, and Mmm1p. These results provide the first evidence of a role for prohibitin in mitochondrial inheritance and in the regulation of mitochondrial morphology.
RECOMMENDATIONS FOR EXAMINATION , DIAGNOSIS , MANAGEMENT OF PATIENTS WITH TEMPOROMANDIBULAR DISORDERS AND OROFACIAL PAIN BY THE GENERAL DENTAL PRACTITIONER

The Council of the European Academy of Craniomandibular Disorders charged the Educational Committee with the task to establish Guidelines and Recommendations for the examination, diagnosis and management of patients with temporomandibular disorders and orofacial pain by the general dental practitioner. It was not the purpose to present a thorough and critical review of the vast amount of literature available but to summarize the, at present, generally accepted clinical approach. These recommendations are based as much as possible on scientific evidence and on sound clinical judgment in case of only partial evidence or in case of contradictory data found.
k-fingerprinting: A Robust Scalable Website Fingerprinting Technique

Website fingerprinting enables an attacker to infer which web page a client is browsing through encrypted or anonymized network connections. We present a new website fingerprinting technique based on random decision forests and evaluate performance over standard web pages as well as Tor hidden services, on a larger scale than previous works. Our technique, k-fingerprinting, performs better than current state-of-the-art attacks even against website fingerprinting defenses, and we show that it is possible to launch a website fingerprinting attack in the face of a large amount of noisy data. We can correctly determine which of 30 monitored hidden services a client is visiting with 85% true positive rate (TPR), a false positive rate (FPR) as low as 0.02%, from a world size of 100,000 unmonitored web pages. We further show that error rates vary widely between web resources, and thus some patterns of use will be predictably more vulnerable to attack than others.
Evaluation of an online learning approach for robust object tracking

Current state-of-the-art methods for object tracking perform adaptive trackingby-detection, meaning that a detector predicts the position of an object and adapts its parameters to the object’s appearance at the same time. While suitable for cases when the object does not disappear from the scene, these methods tend to fail on occlusions. In this work, we build on a novel approach called Tracking-Learning-Detection (TLD) that overcomes this problem. In methods based on TLD, a detector is trained with examples found on the trajectory of a tracker that itself does not depend on the object detector. By decoupling object tracking and object detection we achieve high robustness and outperform existing adaptive tracking-by-detection methods. We show that by using simple features for object detection and by employing a cascaded approach a considerable reduction of computing time is achieved. We evaluate our approach both on existing standard single-camera datasets as well as on newly recorded sequences in multi-camera scenarios.
The Seeds of Dissolution: Discrepancy and Incoherence in Buyer-Supplier Exchange

In this research, we examine a novel mechanism of interorganizational relationship dissolution: incoherence in a partner's behavior. We propose that the discrepancy between an exchange partner's opportunistic behavior and the focal firm's expectations may create a state of incoherence and uncertainty and that this effect can be damaging to the exchange even when the partner's behavior is better than expected. Using nearly 500 longitudinal, confidential reports of industrial buyers and sellers, we find supportive evidence that (1) the net effect of the discrepancy is initially positive when behavior is better than expected but becomes rapidly negative thereafter, and (2) the net effect of the discrepancy is always negative when behavior is worse than expected. Thus, these effects will generally damage the exchange even as the partner tries to improve the relationship. This gives insight into why exchange relationships that hit a downward spiral can be difficult, if not impossible, to salvage. We also show that the dysfunctional consequences of discrepancy are mitigated through exchange structures such as the magnitude of dependence on an organizational partner, the development phase of the relationship, and the presence of bilateral idiosyncratic investments. Implications for theory and the management of interorganizational relationships are developed.
Risk Factors for Predicting Severe Neutropenia Induced by Amrubicin in Patients with Advanced Lung Cancer

Background: Neutropenia is one of the most frequent and dose-limiting toxicities in amrubicin (AMR) therapy. However, the predictive factors for the development of severe neutropenia in AMR therapy remain unknown. Methods: The subjects were 61 advanced lung cancer patients treated with AMR monotherapy. All data were retrospectively collected from the electronic medical record system. A stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for grade 3–4 neutropenia. Results: Of a total 61 patients, 50 were male and 11 were female. The median dose of AMR was 35.0 mg/m2. The incidence of grade 3–4 neutropenia during the first course was 62%. In multivariate analysis, female gender (OR = 6.68; 95% CI 1.01–134.15; p = 0.049), higher AMR doses (40 mg/m2 or more) (OR = 5.98; 95% CI 1.77–23.74; p = 0.003), and lower hematocrit values (OR = 2.04 per 5% decrease; 95% CI 1.04–4.38; p = 0.036) were significantly associated with severe neutropenia induced by AMR. Conclusion: The present results suggest that female gender, higher doses of AMR, and lower baseline hematocrit values are predictive factors associated with severe neutropenia induced by AMR in patients with advanced lung cancer. Patients who have these predictive factors should be monitored carefully and considered for early granulocyte colony-stimulating factor support.
Expression of equivalent clonotypes in BALB/c and A/J mice after immunization with phosphorylcholine

Analysis of A/J antibody to phosphorylcholine (PC) revealed a striking degree of similarity to PC-binding myeloma proteins of BALB/c origin. By quantitative idiotypic analysis A/J anti-PC antibody was composed to antibodies bearing binding site idiotypic determinants indistinguishable from two different BALB/c myeloma proteins, T15 and M511. Idiotypic determinants of three other PC-binding proteins, W3207, M167, and M603 were not detected. Isoelectric focusing of the light chains verified the presence of antibodies similar to T15 and M511 and indicated the presence of a third antibody whose light chains had a pI identical to that of M603. When the sequence of A/J heavy chains were compared to the heavy chains of T15, M511, and M603, both the framework and first complementarity regions were identical in all cases. Sequences analysis of the light chains through part of the first complementarity region revealed three chains, one similar to each of the myeloma proteins T15, M603, and M167-M511. The latter two sequences differ by only a single amino acid (a single base substitution) in the first 23 residues, suggesting that the two light chains may be very similar if not identical. Thus, BALB/c and A/J mice which differ genetically at multiple loci including the heavy chain allotype complex locus show a remarkable preservation of their anti-PC antibodies. These results indicate that the genes encoding these antibodies are contained in the germ line.
The Putative Enoyl-Coenzyme A Hydratase DspI Is Required for Production of the Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilm Dispersion Autoinducer cis-2-Decenoic Acid

ABSTRACT In the present study, we report the identification of a putative enoyl-coenzyme A (CoA) hydratase/isomerase that is required for synthesis of the biofilm dispersion autoinducer cis-2-decenoic acid in the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The protein is encoded by PA14_54640 (PA0745), named dspI for dispersion inducer. The gene sequence for this protein shows significant homology to RpfF in Xanthomonas campestris. Inactivation of dspI was shown to abolish biofilm dispersion autoinduction in continuous cultures of P. aeruginosa and resulted in biofilms that were significantly greater in thickness and biomass than those of the parental wild-type strain. Dispersion was shown to be inducible in dspI mutants by the exogenous addition of synthetic cis-2-decenoic acid or by complementation of ΔdspI in trans under the control of an arabinose-inducible promoter. Mutation of dspI was also shown to abolish cis-2-decenoic acid production, as revealed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of cell-free spent culture medium. The transcript abundance of dspI correlated with cell density, as determined by quantitative reverse transcriptase (RT) PCR. This regulation is consistent with the characterization of cis-2-decenoic acid as a cell-to-cell communication molecule that regulates biofilm dispersion in a cell density-dependent manner.
Comparison of Intraocular Pressure Measurements between Icare Pro Rebound Tonometer and Tono-Pen XL Tonometer in Supine and Lateral Decubitus Body Positions

Abstract Purpose: To compare intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements obtained using the Icare Pro rebound tonometer and Tono-Pen XL tonometer in supine and lateral decubitus body positions. Methods: One-hundred eyes of 50 subjects (normal volunteers or glaucoma suspects) were enrolled in this prospective observational study. IOP was measured in both eyes using the Icare Pro and Tono-Pen XL in the sitting position and the recumbent positions including supine, right lateral decubitus and left lateral decubitus. IOP was measured five minutes after assuming each of the recumbent postures in a randomized sequence. The eye on the lower side in the lateral decubitus position was termed as the dependent eye. Agreement of IOP readings between the Icare Pro and Tono-Pen was assessed in all recumbent positions. Differences of IOP readings (ΔIOP) between the two tonometers and their correlations with ocular parameters were also assessed in all positions. Results: The IOP readings obtained using Icare Pro and Tono-Pen showed good correlations in supine and lateral decubitus positions (all r > 0.7, p < 0.005), although Icare Pro readings were higher than Tono-Pen readings (all p < 0.001) in all positions. The ΔIOP showed a weakly positive correlation with central corneal thickness in both eyes, whereas such a positive correlation was found only in the dependent eye in the lateral decubitus positions (r = 0.307–0.531, all p < 0.005). Both the spherical equivalents and axial lengths were not correlated with ΔIOP in all positions. Conclusion: IOP readings obtained with Tono-Pen and Icare Pro tonometers showed good agreement in supine as well as in lateral decubitus positions, although Icare readings were higher than Tono-Pen readings in all positions. Such differences in IOP readings between the different tonometers need to be considered when measuring IOPs in various body positions.
On the multiple overlap function of the SK model

In this note, we prove an asymptotic expansion and a central limit theorem for the multiple overlap $R_{1,\dotsc,s}$ of the SK model, defined for given $N, s\ge 1$ by $R_{1,\dotsc, s}=N^{-1}\sum_{i\le N}\sigma_i^{1}\ldots\sigma_i^{ s}$. These results are obtained by a careful analysis of the terms appearing in the cavity derivation formula, as well as some graph induction procedures. Our method could hopefully be applied to other spin glasses models.