Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Wallowing in Sex: The New Sexual Culture of 1970s American Television

Wallowing in Sex: The New Sexual Culture of 1970s American Television. Elana Levine. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2007. 320 pp. $79.95 hbk. $22.95 pbk. The 1970s, Elana Levine argues, ushered in a new era in U.S. television. Teenage runaways negotiated sexual danger. Soap-opera rape reached an all-time high. Farrah Fawcett-Majors, with her "gravity-defying" hair and Barbie-doll looks, was the idol of young girls, and Wonder Woman defined female power in a costume that accentuated her cleavage. According to Levine, Americans were "wallowing in sex" as never before during the 1970s-at least on television. "The new sexual culture of 1970s television left a legacy for the way American culture would discuss, depict, and define sex for years to come," she contends, helping "determine how the sexual revolution would make its mark on mainstream American culture. " The massive social changes of the decade-the women's movement, gay rights, awareness of youth sexuality-all "passed through television on their way to mainstream America. " As an industry, however, television had to negotiate the demands of capitalism, which meant reinforcing values of heterosexual monogamy while participating in the revolution. Levine's argument makes sense, and she illustrates it in chapters on network competition, content regulation, teen sexuality, women as sex symbols, humor, and soap opera rape. Much of the programming was the result of the ratings wars among the three networks, which she explains clearly enough to be understood by a generation whose members do not remember life before cable, without insulting the intelligence of those who do. Her research is thorough, drawing on archival sources that include memos, market research, and fan mail, in addition to trade press coverage and magazine articles. The strongest chapters are those on teen sexuality and soap opera rape. In "The Sex Threat," Levine analyzes Dawn: Portrait of a Teenage Runaway, and Born Innocent, both made-for-television movies about teen girls in danger. Dawn, she argues, reinforces middle-class values by its use of The Runaways' song "Cherry Bomb. " Intended as "an in-your-face assertion of youthful defiance," the song becomes, in the hands of network execufives, "a warning about youth sexuality gone astray. " Particularly astute is Levine's comparison of the images of Elsa, the lioness in Born Free, a movie about endangered wildlife, and Linda Blair, the star of Born Innocent, about a prison rape. Appearing together in a single 1974 New York Times advertisement, the lioness and the young girl are portrayed in amazingly similar fashion, linking consecutive nights of programming and imbuing "Elsa with Blair's innocence and Blair with Elsa's wildness. …
A Behavioral View on Firm Response to Ratings: How Positive Recognition Leads to Reductions in Charitable Contributions

While many rating systems incentivize firms to improve their performance, I investigate how positive recognition from external stakeholders can lead to reductions in performance, rather than improvements. Drawing upon behavioral and performance feedback theory, I argue that positive ratings can lead firms to decrease their subsequent performance by reducing uncertainty regarding standards of acceptable or appropriate conduct. Assuming that firms will seek to avoid uncertainty, I propose that such ratings can lead high-performing firms to redefine their aspirations and thus reduce their subsequent performance. I test this main hypothesis, as well as several moderating effects, by examining how firms responded to a rating that evaluated their prior philanthropic efforts. My findings suggest that firms recognized for their generosity were, under certain conditions, more likely to subsequently reduce their philanthropic contributions. From a practical perspective, these results highlight the unintended consequences of social ratings and provide further insight for policy makers and stakeholders interested in motivating improvements in corporate social performance.
Hypophosphorylated SR splicing factors transiently localize around active nucleolar organizing regions in telophase daughter nuclei

Upon completion of mitosis, daughter nuclei assemble all of the organelles necessary for the implementation of nuclear functions. We found that upon entry into daughter nuclei, snRNPs and SR proteins do not immediately colocalize in nuclear speckles. SR proteins accumulated in patches around active nucleolar organizing regions (NORs) that we refer to as NOR-associated patches (NAPs), whereas snRNPs were enriched at other nuclear regions. NAPs formed transiently, persisting for 15–20 min before dissipating as nuclear speckles began to form in G1. In the absence of RNA polymerase II transcription, NAPs increased in size and persisted for at least 2 h, with delayed localization of SR proteins to nuclear speckles. In addition, SR proteins in NAPs are hypophosphorylated, and the SR protein kinase Clk/STY colocalizes with SR proteins in NAPs, suggesting that phosphorylation releases SR proteins from NAPs and their initial target is transcription sites. This work demonstrates a previously unrecognized role of NAPs in splicing factor trafficking and nuclear speckle biogenesis.
Development of glycinergic and glutamatergic synaptic transmission in the auditory brainstem of perinatal rats

In contrast to our knowledge about the anatomical development of the mammalian central auditory system, the development of its physiological properties is still poorly understood. In order to better understand the physiological properties of the developing mammalian auditory brainstem, we made intracellular recordings in brainstem slices from perinatal rats to examine synaptic transmission in the superior olivary complex, the first binaural station in the ascending auditory pathway. We concentrated on neurons in the lateral superior olive (LSO), which in adults, are excited from the ipsilateral side and inhibited from the contralateral side. Already at embryonic day (E) 18, when axon collaterals begin to invade the LSO anlage, synaptic potentials could be evoked from ipsilateral, as well as from contralateral inputs. Ipsilaterally elicited PSPs were always depolarizing, regardless of age. They had a positive reversal potential and could be completely blocked by the non-NMDA glutamate receptor antagonist CNQX. In contrast, contralaterally elicited PSPs were depolarizing from E18-P4, yet they turned into “adult-like,#x201D; hyperpolarizing PSPs after P8. Their reversal potential shifted dramatically from -21.6 +/- 17.7 mV (E18-P0) to -73.0 +/- 7.1 mV (P10). Regardless of their polarity, contralaterally elicited PSPs were reversibly blocked by the glycine receptor antagonist strychnine. Bath application of glycine and its agonist beta-alanine further confirmed the transitory depolarizing action of glycine in the auditory brainstem. Since the transient excitatory behavior of glycine occurs during a period during which glycinergic synaptic connections in the LSO are refined by activity- dependent mechanisms, glycinergic excitation might be a mechanism by which synaptic rearrangement in the contralateral inhibitory pathway is accomplished.
American Ways: A Guide for Foreigners in the United States

In clear language and with numerous examples, this book describes the basic characteristics of American culture: values, style of communication, patterns of thinking, customary behaviours, and underlines how they are different from the ways of other cultures. It then shows how these characteristics are reflected in the many aspects of American life which the foreigner encounters (including politics, social relations, personal hygiene, public behaviour, studying and business). The book also offers concrete suggestions on how to learn more about American culture and how to respond most effectively to the Americans one meets.
The carcinogenic activities of certain analogues of 2-acetyl-aminofluorene in the rat.

discovered by Wilson, DeEds, and Cox (28), has been shown by these and many other investigators to be a highly active carcinogen that attacks nu merous sites in the rat and mouse. In addition, the parent hydrocarbon, fluorene, and several of its other derivatives have been tested for carcinogenic activity in the rat. Fluorene and its oxidation product, fluorenone, are inactive (30) . While 2-ni trofluorene is only weakly carcinogenic (19) its reduction product, 2-aminofluorene, is highly ac tive although somewhat less so than 2-acetylami nofluorene (2, 12, 19, 30). The activity of the latter compound is not greatly changed upon conversion to the diacetyl derivative (19). 7-Hydroxy-2-ace tylaminofluorene, a metabolite of 2-acetylamino fluorene in the rat (3), has but little activity in this species (13)'. Similarly, the miscellaneous de rivatives xanthone and 2-chlorofluorene are non carcinogenic (30). The objective of the study reported here was to determine if the -CH2bridge in 92-acetylamino fluorene is essential to its carcinogenic activity in the rat. Three analogues were tested in which the bridges consisted of either -Sas in 3-acetylamino dibenzothiophene, -@as in 3-acetylaminodibenzo 0 thiophene-5-oxide, or -0as in 3-acetylaminodi benzofuran (see Table I for structures) . The ac tivity of 4-dimethylaminobiphenyl is also de scribed. This compound, a derivative of 2-amino fluorene in which the bridge is absent, was original
Perceived organizational support and expatriate organizational citizenship behavior: The mediating role of affective commitment towards the parent company

Purpose – The purpose of this article is to empirically examine the relationships between organizational support, affective commitment, and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) for expatriates.Design/methodology/approach – Data from 162 expatriates, working in 37 subsidiaries of multinational corporations located in Mainland China, are used to examine the proposed hypotheses. The surveys are administrated in Chinese. Survey items are first translated into Chinese and then back translated to English to reduce the risk of losing meaning. Hierarchical regressions are used in the statistical analyses.Findings – Results indicate that perceived organizational support (POS) from both the parent company and the subsidiary significantly related to affective commitment and organizational‐directed OCB. The results also show that the affective commitment acted as a partial mediator of the relationship between parent company POS and organizational‐directed OCB, and a full mediator of the relationship between subs.
Isolation and characterization of a new cell line from a renal carcinoma bone metastasis.

BACKGROUND The use of cell lines isolated from metastases should enable the assessment of peculiar aspects of bone resorbing cytokine expression, as well as angiogenetic activity of renal carcinoma bone metastases. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cell line (CRBM-1990) was isolated from a renal cell carcinoma bone metastasis and compared with the ACHN and Caki-1 established lines. The expression of osteolytic cytokine and angiogenetic growth factors mRNAs, as well as the effect on migration and proliferation of a bovine bone cell line (BBE) were determined. RESULTS There were no significant differences between the three lines in IL-6, TGF-beta, VEGF-A, VEGF-B, VEGF-C and FGF-2 mRNAs expression. VEGF-D, PIGF, or RANK-L-specific mRNA were not expressed. CRBM-1990-, Caki-1- and ACHN-conditioned media significantly stimulated the migration and proliferation of BBE. CONCLUSION CRBM-1990 expressed IL-6-specific mRNA, but not RANK-L, expressed angiogenetic growth factors and induced migration and proliferation of bone endothelial cells at a non-significantly different level when compared with Caki-1 and ACHN.
Distribution and localization of fibroblast growth factor-8 in rat brain and nerve cells during neural stem/progenitor cell differentiation

The present study explored the distribution and localization of fibroblast growth factor-8 and its potential receptor, fibroblast growth factor receptor-3, in adult rat brain in vivo and in nerve cells during differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells in vitro. Immunohistochemistry was used to examine the distribution of fibroblast growth factor-8 in adult rat brain in vivo. Localization of fibroblast growth factor-8 and fibroblast growth factor receptor-3 in cells during neural stem/progenitor cell differentiation in vitro was detected by immunofluorescence. Flow cytometry and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the effect of an anti-fibroblast growth factor-8 antibody on neural stem/progenitor cell differentiation and expansion in vitro. Results from this study confirmed that fibroblast growth factor-8 was mainly distributed in adult midbrain, namely the substantia nigra, compact part, dorsal tier, substantia nigra and reticular part, but was not detected in the forebrain comprising the caudate putamen and striatum. Unusual results were obtained in retrosplenial locations of adult rat brain. We found that fibroblast growth factor-8 and fibroblast growth factor receptor-3 were distributed on the cell membrane and in the cytoplasm of nerve cells using immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence analyses. We considered that the distribution of fibroblast growth factor-8 and fibroblast growth factor receptor-3 in neural cells corresponded to the characteristics of fibroblast growth factor-8, a secretory factor. Addition of an anti-fibroblast growth factor-8 antibody to cultures significantly affected the rate of expansion and differentiation of neural stem/progenitor cells. In contrast, addition of recombinant fibroblast growth factor-8 to differentiation medium promoted neural stem/progenitor cell differentiation and increased the final yields of dopaminergic neurons and total neurons. Our study may help delineate the important roles of fibroblast growth factor-8 in brain activities and neural stem/progenitor cell differentiation.
Sulforaphane Suppresses Hepatitis C Virus Replication by Up-Regulating Heme Oxygenase-1 Expression through PI3K/Nrf2 Pathway

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection-induced oxidative stress is a major risk factor for the development of HCV-associated liver disease. Sulforaphane (SFN) is an antioxidant phytocompound that acts against cellular oxidative stress and tumorigenesis. However, there is little known about its anti-viral activity. In this study, we demonstrated that SFN significantly suppressed HCV protein and RNA levels in HCV replicon cells and infectious system, with an IC50 value of 5.7 ± 0.2 μM. Moreover, combination of SFN with anti-viral drugs displayed synergistic effects in the suppression of HCV replication. In addition, we found nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/HO-1 induction in response to SFN and determined the signaling pathways involved in this process, including inhibition of NS3 protease activity and induction of IFN response. In contrast, the anti-viral activities were attenuated by knockdown of HO-1 with specific inhibitor (SnPP) and shRNA, suggesting that anti-HCV activity of SFN is dependent on HO-1 expression. Otherwise, SFN stimulated the phosphorylation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) leading Nrf2-mediated HO-1 expression against HCV replication. Overall, our results indicated that HO-1 is essential in SFN-mediated anti-HCV activity and provide new insights in the molecular mechanism of SFN in HCV replication.
Gender and personality in transformational leadership context : An examination of leader and subordinate perspectives

Purpose – There are many studies of personality and leadership and gender and leadership, but only few leadership studies have taken into account both personality and gender. That may partly be due to the fact that there are relatively few female leaders, however, the aim of this paper is to discover if similar personality types exhibit the same kind of leadership behavior irrespective of gender.Design/methodology/approach – The quantitative analysis involves 459 leaders (283 men and 176 women) and 378 subordinates working in various fields. Leaders rated their leadership behavior and subordinates also appraised them.Findings – Results indicated differences in leadership behavior by gender, in that women exhibited more enabling behavior, and men more challenging behavior. Further, gender and personality had an impact on leadership behavior, as viewed by both leaders and subordinates. For example, extraverted and intuitive male leaders along with those exhibiting the perceiving dimension regarded themselve.
Multiclass Sentiment Prediction using Yelp Business Reviews

Many e-commerce and related sites allow text reviews, which provide much more detail than the quantitative metric of star ratings. However, star ratings provide insight on a establishment or product very quickly. Seeding new e-commerce sites with this quick quantitative information from pre-existing text reviews scattered throughout the Internet would greatly improve the information provided about an item or establishment. Is it possible to translate the detail of text reviews into the quick usefulness of a numerical rating? We hope to explore this through multiple deep learning techniques.
Effect of diabetes on the antinociceptive effect of beta-endorphin.

We examined whether streptozotocin-induced diabetes can modulate beta-endorphin-induced antinociception in mice. While beta-endorphin administered i.c. v. produced a dose-dependent inhibition of the tail-flick response in both diabetic and non-diabetic mice, the antinociceptive response was greater in diabetic mice than in non-diabetic mice. The ED50 value of beta-endorphin administered i.c. v. in diabetic mice was significantly lower than that in non-diabetic mice. The antinociceptive effects of beta-endorphin administered i.c. v. in both diabetic and non-diabetic mice were significantly antagonized by s.c. administration of naltrindole, a selective delta-opioid receptor antagonist. beta-Endorphin administered i.t. also produced a dose-dependent antinociception in both diabetic and non-diabetic mice. However, the ED50 value of kappa-opioid receptor antagonist. On the other hand, the antinociceptive potency of DPDPE, a selective delta-opioid agonist, administered i.t. is significantly increased in diabetic mice, as compared with non-diabetic mice, whereas, the antinociceptive potency of U-50,488H, a kappa-opioid receptor agonist, administered i.t. is significantly less than in non-diabetic mice. These results suggest that diabetes may modulate beta-endorphin-induced antinociception differently at the spinal and supraspinal levels.
Anxiety and depression in patients with head and neck cancer: 6-month follow-up study

Objective We aimed to assess psychiatric morbidities of patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) in a prospective study at pretreatment, and 3 and 6 months after treatment, and to compare their health-related quality of life (HRQL) between those with and without depressive disorders (depression). Materials and methods Patients with newly diagnosed HNC from a tertiary hospital were recruited into the study. They were assessed for psychiatric morbidities using the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition. Their HRQL was simultaneously evaluated using the quality of life questionnaire of the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer with a specific module for head and neck cancer; and depressed and nondepressed HNC patients were compared by using the generalized mixed-effect model for repeated measurements. Results A total of 106 patients were recruited into this study. High rates of anxiety were found at pretreatment, but steadily declined over time (from 27.3% to 6.4%, and later 3.3%). A skew pattern of depression was observed, with prevalence rates from 8.5% at pretreatment to 24.5% and 14% at 3 and 6 months, respectively, after treatment. We found that loss of sense (P=0.001), loss of speech (P<0.001), low libido (P=0.001), dry mouth (P<0.001), and weight loss (P=0.001) were related to depression over time. The depressed patients had a higher consumption of painkillers (P=0.001) and nutrition supplements (P<0.001). The results showed that depression was predicted by sticky saliva (P<0.001) and trouble with social contact (P<0.001) at 3 months, and trouble with social eating (P<0.001) at 6 months. Conclusion Patients with HNC experienced different changes in anxiety and depression in the first 6 months of treatment. Dysfunction in salivation, problems with eating, and problems with social contacts were major risk factors for depression.
The Change of Intrinsic Stiffness in Gastrocnemius after Intensive Rehabilitation with Botulinum Toxin A Injection in Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy

A recent study claimed that botulinum toxin A (BTX-A) injection into the calf muscle of cerebral palsy (CP) children did not change the intrinsic stiffness. Contrary to this recent report, in our case, decreased muscle spasticity, which was measured using a modified Ashworth scale, and increased Gross Motor Function Measure score were demonstrated at 4 weeks after intensive rehabilitation treatment (IRT) with BTX-A injection to the medial gastrocnemius muscle in a child with spastic CP. Additionally, we indentified decreased muscle stiffness which was demonstrated by a decrease in the color-coded scale and shear velocity, and an increase in the strain ratio using dynamic sonoelastography.
ilköğretim ikinci Kademe Sosyal Bilgiler Öğretmenlerinin Eleştirel Düşünme Becerilerinin incelenmesi

Bu arastirmada ilkogretim ikinci kademe 6 7 sinif Sosyal Bilgiler ogretmenlerinin elestirel dusunme becerileri ve elestirel dusunmeye yonelik kullandiklari ogretim yontemleri bazi degiskenler acisindan incelenmistir Arastirma Adana ili Seyhan ve Yuregir ilcelerindeki 36 devlet okulunda gorev yapan 110 Sosyal Bilgiler ogretmeni ile gerceklestirilmistir Arastirmada “Kisisel Bilgi Formu” “Kritik Dusunme Olcegi” “Ogretim Yontemleri Anketi” kullanilmistir Arastirma sonucunda elde edilen veriler SPSS 11 5 istatistik paket programi araciligiyla analiz edilmistir Arastirmada ”Kritik Dusunme Olcegi” ve “Ogretim Yontemleri Anketi” ile elde edilen verilerin frekans dagilimlari ve aritmetik ortalamalari betimsel olarak verilmistir Ayrica Korelasyon analizi bagimsiz gruplar t Testi tek yonlu varyans analizi ANOVA yapilmistir Arastirma bulgularindan elde edilen sonuclar asagidaki gibi ozetlenebilir: 1 Sosyal Bilgiler ogretmenlerinin elestirel dusunme becerileri ile kullandiklari ogretim yontemi arasinda pozitif yonde anlamli bir iliski vardir 2 Sosyal Bilgiler ogretmenlerinin elestirel dusunme becerileri ile cinsiyet mezun olunan yuksek ogrenim kurumu ve aldiklari hizmet ici egitim seminerine gore anlamli bir farklilik bulunmamistir Mesleki kidem degiskenine gore ise kidemi fazla olanlar lehine anlamli bir farklilik bulunmustur 3 Sosyal Bilgiler ogretmenlerinin elestirel dusunmeye yonelik kullandiklari ogretim yontemleri ile cinsiyet mezun olunan yuksek ogrenim kurumu ve aldiklari hizmet ici egitim seminerine gore anlamli bir farklilik bulunmamistir Mesleki kidem degiskenine gore ise kidemi fazla olanlar lehine anlamli bir farklilik bulunmustur Anahtar Kelimeler: Dusunme Elestirel Dusunme Elestirel Dusunme Becerisi Sosyal Bilimler Sosyal Bilgiler Bu makale C U Egitim Fakultesinde Dr Birsel AYBEK Danismanliginda yapilan Yuksek Lisans tezi calismasinin bir bolumudur