Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gender-based Violence among Documented Rohingya Refugees in Bangladesh

The Rohingya, a Muslim minority group from the northern part of Rakhine State (formerly Arakan) in Myanmar, is among the most vulnerable of the world’s refugee communities. This study aims to shed light on gender-based violence among documented Rohingya refugees living in the Kutupalong camp located in the Cox’s Bazar district of Bangladesh. As refugees, they are not allowed to find employment in Bangladesh. At the same time, state support is minimal, and so they have to eke out a living from whatever work is available. The mobility of refugee men is highly restricted by violence and intimidation, which forces refugee women into the role of the family’s breadwinner. Despite this, the women’s status has not improved in either the family or the community. On the contrary, the women are exposed to increased violence from their families, the refugee community and outsiders. Though all refugees suffer violence, women face it both inside and outside the home. Their precarious political status as refugees and a lack of community support in the camps combine to increase their vulnerability.
The Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality with an Irish sample: a factor analysis

Background/Aim: The relationship between increased spirituality and better health has been consistently demonstrated in the US. The Brief Multidimensional Measure of Religiousness/Spirituality (BMMRS) is one of the most commonly used measures in the US used to assess the spirituality and religiosity of people with disabilities, but it has not been validated for use with other international populations. This study was carried out to validate the factor structure of the BMMRS with an Irish population so that future research can be carried in spirituality and health research with Irish populations with disabilities. Methods: Based on 180 Irish undergraduate students, a principal components factor analysis with varimax rotation and Kaiser normalisation was completed. Results: Four factors with extraction eigenvalues greater than 1.0 (4.50, 3.12, 2.56, and 1.90) were identified, and explained a cumulative total of 63.56% of the variance. Based on face validity of the items from each factor, they were labelled .
Procedures matter: Justice and effectiveness in international trade negotiations

International negotiators have faced repeated stalemates in a number of significant areas. Justice issues are at the heart of the matter in many cases, as vividly illustrated by trade negotiations, particularly at the multilateral level. Yet, issues of justice have received limited attention in research on trade negotiation. This article asks: do trade negotiators who take justice principles into account arrive at more effective agreements? Specifically, it explores relationships between two types of justice during the negotiation process — procedural and distributive justice — and the effectiveness of outcomes (agreements) in 22 cases of bilateral and multilateral international trade negotiation. It evaluates the impacts of these types of justice on negotiation effectiveness. The results from analyses clearly demonstrate that procedural justice plays a central role in contributing to effective outcomes in both bilateral and multilateral trade cases. The correlations between procedural justice and effectiveness are very strong, and significantly stronger than between distributive justice and effectiveness. Moreover, distributive justice impacts upon effectiveness only when procedural justice principles are observed. These findings contribute knowledge about factors that enhance effective outcomes in international negotiations. They extend earlier work on justice in peace agreements and fill a gap in the research literature. They also provide advice for negotiators, and add important questions to the future research agenda.
The effectiveness of chosen training means in the development of endurance in youth swimmers

The main objective of the work was to present the practical application of a mathematical model to optimize sports training. From empirical data, collected during an experiment a mathematical model of sports training for young swimmers was created. The effectiveness of particular training means on sport results was evaluated. The research was conducted on a group of 20 youth swimmers aged 14±0,5 years, with an average body mass of 50,73±7,39 kg and body height of 164,2±8,12 cm respectively. The swimmers presented a high, national level of sports performance. The research allowed to draw theoretical and practical conclusions regarding the application of the mathematical model in sports training.
Probation in Transition: A Study of the Experiences of Newly Qualified Probation Officers

This contribution to the symposium draws on material which I obtained in the process of undertaking a study of the Probation Service. The Probation Service has been in a state of transition and change for a number of years and probation officers are continuing to encounter many of the difficulties faced by other contemporary professional workers in the public services. In my study I decided to interview a sample of newly qualified probation officers with a view to investigating their experience of this changing order of things, constructing a picture of the occupation from a newcomer perspective and sdetermining what constitutes their professional identity.
Voxel space automata: modeling with stochastic growth processes in voxel space

A novel stochastic modeling technique is described which operates on a voxel data base in which objects are represented as collections of voxel records. Models are "grown" from predefined geometric elements according to rules based on simple relationships like intersection, proximity, and occlusion which can be evaluated more quickly and easily in voxel space than with analytic geometry. Growth is probabilistic: multiple trials are attempted in which an element's position and orientation are randomly perturbed, and the trial which best fits a set of rules is selected. The term voxel space automata is introduced to describe growth processes that sense and react to a voxel environment.Applications include simulation of plant growth, for which voxel representation facilitates sensing the environment. Illumination can be efficiently estimated at each plant "node" at each growth iteration by casting rays into the voxel environment, allowing accurate simulation of reaction to light including heliotropism.
The Town–Country Antithesis and the Environment A Sociological Critique of a “Real Utopian” Project

Current sociological interest in “real utopias” demands a critical evaluation of potential academic contributions to the subject. The following is a sociological critique of the real utopian project of abolishing the antithesis between town and country. The analysis uncovers a fundamental dilemma in theorizing how to transform this antithesis. On one hand, social and natural scientists have acknowledged that modern urbanization and the urban–rural divide contribute to the creation of a rift in the relationship between humans and the natural environment. On the other hand, modern cities, based on arguments about the efficiency of urban density, are defended by a wide variety of scholars. Nevertheless, in turning to a socioecological framework of analysis based on the work of Marx and Engels and metabolic rift theory, this dilemma can be resolved. This framework emphasizes that modern cities are the result of interdependent development, which is expressed through the antithesis between town and country. Thi.
Makeup Like a Superstar: Deep Localized Makeup Transfer Network

In this paper, we propose a novel Deep Localized Makeup Transfer Network to automatically recommend the most suitable makeup for a female and synthesis the makeup on her face. Given a before-makeup face, her most suitable makeup is determined automatically. Then, both the beforemakeup and the reference faces are fed into the proposed Deep Transfer Network to generate the after-makeup face. Our end-to-end makeup transfer network have several nice properties including: (1) with complete functions: including foundation, lip gloss, and eye shadow transfer; (2) cosmetic specific: different cosmetics are transferred in different manners; (3) localized: different cosmetics are applied on different facial regions; (4) producing naturally looking results without obvious artifacts; (5) controllable makeup lightness: various results from light makeup to heavy makeup can be generated. Qualitative and quantitative experiments show that our network performs much better than the methods of [Guo and Sim, 2009] and two variants of NerualStyle [Gatys et al., 2015a].
Patients' knowledge and awareness of dental implants in a Turkish subpopulation

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the patients' knowledge on dental implants in a Turkish subpopulation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five hundred twenty seven Turkish adults referred to Yeditepe University Faculty of Dentistry, Istanbul, Turkey, were presented with a questionnaire including 20 questions regarding the level of information and awareness about the dental implants. The data were collected and statistical analyses were performed with Chi square test to compare the descriptive data. RESULTS Among 527 subjects, 54% were female and 46% were male with a mean age of 42.2 years. The rate of patients' implant awareness was 27.7%. When the patients were questioned about the treatment options for rehabilitation of tooth missing, 60.9% of patients were informed about fixed partial denture, followed by conventional complete denture (32.5%) and removable partial denture (24.9%). Six percent reported that they were very well informed about the dental implants whereas 48.2% were poorly informed. The information sources of the implants were from the dentist (44.5%), printed media (31.6%) and friends and acquaintances (17.3%), respectively. Sixteen percent of the population believed that their implants would last forever. CONCLUSION The dentists should give more detailed information to the patients about dental implants and tooth-supported fixed partial dentures in the future.
Anchoring and adjustment in software estimation

Anchoring and adjustment is a form of cognitive bias that affects judgments under uncertainty. If given an initial answer, the respondent seems to use this as an 'anchor', adjusting it to reach a more plausible answer, even if the anchor is obviously incorrect. The adjustment is frequently insufficient and so the final answer is biased. In this paper, we report a study to investigate the effects of this phenomenon on software estimation processes. The results show that anchoring and adjustment does occur in software estimation, and can significantly change the resulting estimates, no matter what estimation technique is used. The results also suggest that, considering the magnitude of this bias, software estimators tend to be too confident of their own estimations.
Effects of Keeping Animals as Pets on Children's Concepts of Vertebrates and Invertebrates

Looking after pets provides several benefits in terms of children's social interactions, and factual and conceptual knowledge about these animals. In this study we investigated effects of rearing experiences on children's factual knowledge and alternative conceptions about animals. Data obtained from 1,541 children and 7,705 drawings showed very strong bias towards rearing vertebrates and a general ignorance of invertebrates. Experiences with rearing animals significantly contributed to children's knowledge about animal's internal organs. Children who reported keeping two or more animals acquired better scores in our study than children keeping only one or no animals. Moreover, the misclassification of invertebrates was not influenced by children's experiences of keeping animals. Although girls showed better knowledge about the anatomy of animals and actually kept more animals than did boys, they also more frequently misclassified invertebrates by drawing bones inside the bodies of the animals, hence allocating them to the vertebrates. We propose that science activities with animals should be more focused on rearing invertebrates and improving children's attitudes and knowledge about them.
Results of a community-based randomized trial to increase colorectal cancer screening among Filipino Americans.

OBJECTIVES We conducted 1 of the first community-based trials to develop a multicomponent intervention that would increase colorectal cancer screening among an Asian American population. METHODS Filipino Americans (n = 548) nonadherent to colorectal cancer (CRC) screening guidelines were randomized into an intervention group that received an education session on CRC screening and free fecal occult blood test (FOBT) kits; a second intervention group that received an education session but no free FOBT kits; and a control group that received an education session on the health benefits of physical activity. RESULTS Self-reported CRC screening rates during the 6-month follow-up period were 30%, 25%, and 9% for participants assigned to intervention with FOBT kit, intervention without the kit, and control group, respectively. Participants in either of the 2 intervention groups were significantly more likely to report screening at follow-up than were participants in the control group. CONCLUSIONS A multicomponent intervention that includes an educational group session in a community setting can significantly increase CRC screening among Filipino Americans, even when no free FOBT kits are distributed.
Efficient and Flexible Deformation Representation for Data-Driven Surface Modeling

Effectively characterizing the behavior of deformable objects has wide applicability but remains challenging. We present a new rotation-invariant deformation representation and a novel reconstruction algorithm to accurately reconstruct the positions and local rotations simultaneously. Meshes can be very efficiently reconstructed from our representation by matrix pre-decomposition, while, at the same time, hard or soft constraints can be flexibly specified with only positions of handles needed. Our approach is thus particularly suitable for constrained deformations guided by examples, providing significant benefits over state-of-the-art methods. Based on this, we further propose novel data-driven approaches to mesh deformation and non-rigid registration of deformable objects. Both problems are formulated consistently as finding an optimized model in the shape space that satisfies boundary constraints, either specified by the user, or according to the scan. By effectively exploiting the knowledge in the shape space, our method produces realistic deformation results in real-time and produces high quality registrations from a template model to a single noisy scan captured using a low-quality depth camera, outperforming state-of-the-art methods.
Probation staff experiences of managing suicidal and self-harming service users

The current study sought to explore the impact of suicidal behaviours on probation staff, in relation to their experiences of working with probation service users who have carried out suicide, attempted suicide or self-harm. Thirteen in-depth interviews were carried out with probation staff who had direct contact with probation service users in one probation area, and had varying degrees of experience of managing suicidal or self-injurious service users. These were analysed using thematic analysis and five themes were identified. Findings indicate that staff felt that suicide and self-harm by service users are serious issues which need to be recognized and dealt with in an effective yet compassionate manner. Not attending the suicide prevention training, or lack of experience, were perceived as restricting their ability to know how to deal with these individuals, and offer support. Furthermore, staff were emotionally affected by these incidents and it is recommended that they should continue to be provided with access to appropriate support services after an incident.
Virtual reality games for rehabilitation of people with stroke: perspectives from the users

Purpose. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and users' perspectives of a novel virtual reality (VR) game-based rehabilitation intervention for people with stroke.Method. Six people with upper limb hemiplegia participated in a 6-week intervention that involved VR games. A series of eight progressively complex games was developed that required participants to navigate a submarine in a virtual ocean environment. Movement of the submarine was directed by forces applied to an arm interface by the affected limb. Outcome measures included assessments of arm function, questionnaires evaluating the intervention and a semi-structured interview concerning the participants' opinion of the intervention. Results. All participants improved their performance on the games, although there were limited changes in clinical measures of arm function. All participants reported that they enjoyed the intervention with a wide range of overall perceptions of the experience of using VR. Three themes emerging from the interview data were: stretching myself, purpose and expectations of the intervention and future improvements. Conclusions. Participants found that taking part in this pilot study was enjoyable and challenging. Participants' feedback suggested that the games may be motivating and engaging for future users and have provided a basis for further development of the intervention.
Equity Perceptions and Marital Satisfaction in Former and Current Marriage: A Study among the Remarried

A study among 290 remarried individuals examined equity perceptions in the former and the current marriage. The results showed that equity in the former and the current marriage were not related to each other. In general, respondents perceived much more inequity in the former than in the current marriage, and this was especially true for women. Men felt on average deprived in their former marriage, and overbenefited in their current marriage, whereas women in their current marriage were close to perceiving equity. The current marriage was perceived as more satisfying than the former marriage. Satisfaction in both types of marriage was higher the more equitable the relationship was, and the more advantaged one felt. In addition, for women, satisfaction in the present marriage was more strongly associated with the degree of equity, whereas, for men, satisfaction was more strongly associated with the degree of feeling advantaged.
Sanctions as a gendered instrument of statecraft: the case of Iraq

Even though a vibrant literature on gender in international relations has developed over the last decade, students of international sanctions have not explored sanctions from a gendered perspective: analyses tend to have been either gender-neutral or gender-blind. By the same token, however, feminist scholars of international politics have not included sanctions in their empirical investigations. This article examines sanctions from a gendered perspective. Using conclusions suggested by the feminist IR literature, we examine the case-study of the sanctions against Iraq, and demonstrate the degree to which these measures had deeply gender-specific impacts, ranging from differential deprivations to declines in dowry wealth. We conclude from the Iraqi experience that the gendered effects of sanctions have considerable implications for sanctions theory.
Impact and consequences of school-based assessment (SBA): Students’ and parents’ views of SBA in Hong Kong

School-based assessment (SBA) has recently been introduced into the Hong Kong Certificate of Education Examinations (HKCEE) in English. The present study was conducted within the context of this assessment change to investigate students’ and parents’ perceptions of the impact of SBA. Two surveys were employed to explore students’ and parents’ perceptions of SBA and their perceptions of the impact of SBA on learning. The results from the student survey demonstrated a relationship between students’ perceptions of SBA-related learning activities and their perceptions of their own language competence. The results also showed significant differences between students’ perceptions of the learning activities they had taken part in during the previous school year and those they were currently engaging in. In addition, parents’ perceptions of SBA and the opportunities for them to know about SBA significantly and positively predicted their support for their children’s SBA learning. Parents’ education level and the amount of time they spent with their child daily also predicted their support for their children’s SBA learning, though to a lesser extent. Further, parents’ perceptions about the SBA are directly and significantly related to their children’s perceptions about SBA. Taking the results from both students’ and parents’ surveys together, we have gained a better understanding of the complexity of the impact of SBA within the Hong Kong educational context, as perceived by students and their parents.
Cutaneous reactions to imatinib mesylate treated by topical steroid

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Unique Issues Bisexual People Face in Intimate Relationships: A Descriptive Exploration of Lived Experience

Bisexuality is associated with worse mental health than both heterosexuality and homosexuality on a range of outcomes. Healthy relationships extend a protective effect on one's mental health, but little research has explored the issues faced by bisexuals in developing and maintaining intimate relationships. This study uses qualitative methodology to identify some of these issues. The results show that bisexual people in intimate relationships have unique experiences, due to the nature of bisexuality and the social context in which they experience their bisexual identities. Findings of this study have implications for the provision of mental health services to bisexual clients.