Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conceptualizing Identity Development: Unmasking the Assumptions within Inventories Measuring Identity Development

The purpose of this qualitative research was to analyze the dimensions and manifestations of identity development embedded within commonly used instruments measuring student identity development. To this end, a content analysis of ten identity assessment tools was conducted to determine the assumptions about identity development contained therein. Findings suggest the importance of determining and assessing all dimensions and manifestations of identity development.
On the Ranking of Higher Education Institutions

In this Guest Editorial, the author introduces the articles making up the topic of this issue of the review. All of them were originally presented at the "Invitational Roundtable on Statistical Indicators for Quality Assessment of Higher/Tertiary Education Institutions--Ranking and League Tables Methodologies" that was held in Warsaw, Poland, from 13 to 15 June 2002.
Efficacy of physical activity interventions in post-natal populations: systematic review, meta-analysis and content coding of behaviour change techniques

This systematic review and meta-analysis reports the efficacy of post-natal physical activity change interventions with content coding of behaviour change techniques (BCTs). Electronic databases (MEDLINE, CINAHL and PsychINFO) were searched for interventions published from January 1980 to July 2013. Inclusion criteria were: (i) interventions including ≥1 BCT designed to change physical activity behaviour, (ii) studies reporting ≥1 physical activity outcome, (iii) interventions commencing later than four weeks after childbirth and (iv) studies including participants who had given birth within the last year. Controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. Interventions were coded using the 40-item Coventry, Aberdeen & London - Refined (CALO-RE) taxonomy of BCTs and study quality assessment was conducted using Cochrane criteria. Twenty studies were included in the review (meta-analysis: n = 14). Seven were interventions conducted with healthy inactive post-natal women. Nine were post-natal weight management studies. Two studies included women with post-natal depression. Two studies focused on improving general well-being. Studies in healthy populations but not for weight management successfully changed physical activity. Interventions increased frequency but not volume of physical activity or walking behaviour. Efficacious interventions always included the BCTs ‘goal setting (behaviour)’ and ‘prompt self-monitoring of behaviour’.
Robotic gait training: toward more natural movements and optimal training algorithms

This paper overviews our recent efforts to develop robotic devices to help people relearn how to walk after spinal cord injury. Our efforts are focused on two goals. The first is to develop robotic devices that allow natural gait movements and good force control. We have developed a five degrees-of-freedom robot (PAM) that accommodates natural pelvic movement during walking. PAM uses pneumatic actuators and a nonlinear control algorithm to achieve good force control. We have also developed a novel leg robot, ARTHuR, which makes use of a linear motor to precisely apply forces to the leg during stepping. Our second goal is to develop optimal training algorithms for robotic gait training. Toward this goal, we have developed a small-scale robotic device that allows us to test locomotor training techniques in rodent models. We have also developed an instrumentation system that allows us to measure how experienced therapists manually assist limb movement. Finally, we are developing computational models of motor rehabilitation. These models suggest that assisting in stepping only as needed with a force-controlled robotic device may be an effective method for improving locomotor recovery.
Motivational Areas Rating Scale: Developing a New Tool for Studying Psychotherapy Process and Outcome

Abstract This article presents theoretical principles, coding modalities, and the first empirical evidences regarding Motivational Areas Rating Scale (MARS), a new tool designed for studying psychotherapeutic process and outcome. The MARS is an observer rating scale, which is codified on the basis of audioregistered psychotherapeutic transcripts. It consists of 16 macroitems, which cover the problematic aspects in four motivational areas (active relational, passive relational, corporeal, and self-realization) from four different perspectives (objective object, subjective object, objective self, subjective self). In preliminary studies, the MARS appears to be reliable, sensitive to change in psychotherapeutic process, practical, and inexpensive. It provides a brief but complete research instrument for assessing patients’ psychological distress. This report contains the full description of the instrument for learning and application by interested users.
Interaction Motifs in Regulatory Networks and Structural Robustness

If we consider the regulatory networks used in systems biology, we observe certain regularities in their architecture, namely the occurrence of interaction motifs, i.e. of oriented sub-graphs relating their elements with the same interaction scheme. We propose to describe some of these universal motifs and to study their main dynamical properties especially concerning their robustness (called also structural stability), i.e. their ability to keep after topological or dynamical perturbations, their essential asymptotic features, as their attractors number, shape and behavior, like their periodicity.
Role of CD8+ T Cells in Control of West Nile Virus Infection

ABSTRACT Infection with West Nile virus (WNV) causes fatal encephalitis more frequently in immunocompromised humans than in those with a healthy immune system. Although a complete understanding of this increased risk remains unclear, experiments with mice have begun to define how different components of the adaptive and innate immune response function to limit infection. Previously, we demonstrated that components of humoral immunity, particularly immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG, have critical roles in preventing dissemination of WNV infection to the central nervous system. In this study, we addressed the function of CD8+ T cells in controlling WNV infection. Mice that lacked CD8+ T cells or classical class Ia major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens had higher central nervous system viral burdens and increased mortality rates after infection with a low-passage-number WNV isolate. In contrast, an absence of CD8+ T cells had no effect on the qualitative or quantitative antibody response and did not alter the kinetics or magnitude of viremia. In the subset of CD8+-T-cell-deficient mice that survived initial WNV challenge, infectious virus was recovered from central nervous system compartments for several weeks. Primary or memory CD8+ T cells that were generated in vivo efficiently killed target cells that displayed WNV antigens in a class I MHC-restricted manner. Collectively, our experiments suggest that, while specific antibody is responsible for terminating viremia, CD8+ T cells have an important function in clearing infection from tissues and preventing viral persistence.
Neuropsychological deficits in sexual offenders: Implications for treatment

Abstract This paper provides a brief overview of the growing body of evidence that a proportion of adult sexual offenders present with some localized form of brain pathology, often left temporal lobe, that may, in part, explain the presence of gender dysphoria and the attraction to deviant behaviour patterns in sexually anomalous men who prefer child surrogate partners or unsuspecting women. Given the treatment-resistant stance of many sexual offenders, certain treatment techniques are illustrated that have some proven merit. Such partially impaired men are amenable to action-oriented, visual (right-brain) training methods that compare favourably with traditional verbally-mediated, insight-orientated approaches. The techniques employed rely on social skill training, psychodramatic role plays (using a doll or mannequin), stress reduction and anger management, empathy training, guided visualization, neurolinguistic programming (NLP), cognitive restructuring, sketches of covert fantasies or deviant actions f.
YellowFin : Adaptive optimization for ( A ) synchronous systems Extended

Hyperparameter tuning is one of the most time-consuming steps in machine learning. Adaptive optimizers, like AdaGrad and Adam, reduce this labor by tuning an individual learning rate for each variable. Lately, researchers have shown interest in simpler methods like momentum SGD as they often yield better results. We ask: can simple adaptive methods based on SGD perform well? We show empirically that hand-tuning a single learning rate and momentum makes SGD competitive with Adam. We analyze momentum’s robustness to learning rate misspecification and curvature variation. We use this robustness to design YellowFin, an automatic tuner for momentum and learning rate in SGD. YellowFin uses a negative-feedback loop to compensate for the added dynamics in asynchronous-parallel settings on the fly. We empirically show YellowFin can converge in fewer iterations than Adam on ResNet and LSTM models, with a speedup of up to 3.28x in synchronous and up to 2.69x in asynchronous settings. ACM Reference Format: Jian Zhang and Ioannis Mitliagkas. YellowFin: Adaptive optimization for (A)synchronous systems: Extended Abstract. In Proceedings of SysML (SysML’18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 3 pages.
Therapeutic recreation camps: an effective intervention for children and young people with chronic illness?

Since the 1930s, therapeutic recreation (TR) has been used in the UK to help young people cope with severe illness. This article surveys four systematic reviews and poses five questions that a paediatrician might ask: (1) How to select a TR experience and for which patient? ; (2) Does TR augment brain injury rehabilitation? ; (3) How do TR camps benefit children? ; (4) Is TR cost-effective? ; (5) What additional research is needed? Methodological weaknesses in research impair the strength of conclusions. There is little research about matching of TR experiences to individuals, disease groups or age groups, or about the effect of TR camps in brain injury rehabilitation. TR interventions enhance self-esteem, disease knowledge, emotional well-being, adaptation to illness and symptom control. Educationalists suggest that self-esteem is helped most in mid to late adolescence. Where studied, TR camps are safe, which reassures parents. There have been few studies on cost-effectiveness. We conclude that young people benefit from TR. However, better-quality research would help select and further develop these experiences for young people with ill health.
The Individual And Joint Effects Of Race, Gender, And Family Status On Juvenile Justice Decision-Making

Relying on interpretations of the symbolic threat thesis as a theoretical framework, in particular the emphasis on the perceptions of decision-makers and stereotyping, the authors examine the extent to which the effects of race on youth justice outcomes are influenced by gender and family status. They are especially interested in the individual and joint effects among the three. Although some studies in the adult literature have examined these variables, research on the influence of race, gender, and family status on juvenile justice decision-making is lacking. The inquiry is on four juvenile court jurisdictions in Iowa. The results from logistic regressions indicate that being African American affects justice outcomes, outcomes for Whites are conditioned by gender and family status, and decision-making should be viewed as a process involving both severe and lenient outcomes.
Interviewing women bereaved by homicide: assessing the impact of trauma-focused research

There have been few empirical studies that assess the impact of participation in trauma-focused research. To contribute to growing knowledge in this area, this study assessed the effects of research participation among 14 women who had been bereaved by homicide. An adapted version of the Response to Research Participation Questionnaire (RRPQ) was implemented as part of a wider study exploring secondary victimization by criminal justice systems; at the end of a qualitative interview, participants were asked three questions designed to assess benefits, harms and regrets associated with participation. All participants gained something positive from participation; half experienced upset; but none regretted participation. Suggestions are made for how researchers can minimize harm and maximize benefit to vulnerable research participants.
Suicidal ideation in Turkish adolescents

We primarily aimed to examine the impacts of sociodemographic and risk factors (smoking cigarettes, alcohol and substance use) as well as school achievement and anxiety/depression on suicidal ideation of Turkish adolescents. Focusing on a nonclinical adolescent sample and based on an ecological risk factor approach, in this study we sought to identify risk factors related to suicidal ideation in a sample of 726 adolescents (aged 17-18 years) drawn from the high schools in Ankara, Turkey. More than half of the sample reported that they had suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation was significantly more endorsed among female adolescents. Regression analysis revealed that there were statistically significant relationships among gender, cigarette smoking, school achievement, anxiety/depression, and suicidal ideation.
Classroom and school factors related to student achievement: what works for students?

This study aimed to identify the classroom and school characteristics that are associated with student achievement in mathematics and Serbian language in primary schools in Serbia. The study sample consisted of 119 public primary schools, 253 classrooms, and 4,857 third-grade students. Variables from 3 past research paradigms – input-output, effective schools, and instructional effectiveness – as well as key student background variables, were first organised in a conceptually integrated model of school effectiveness. Then, they were simultaneously examined as predictors of student achievement in a 3-level Hierarchical Linear Model (HLM). This research found little association between school-level variables and student achievement. Several classroom-level policy-malleable variables were found to have small positive associations with student achievement: clear and structured classroom instruction, emphasis on complex (as opposed to basic) skills, whole-class instruction (rather than individual or group work), teacher feedback, orderly climate, moderately frequent reinforcement of student effort, and – to a lesser extent – use of a variety of teaching tools.
Quantum Error Correcting Codes

This thesis deals with quantum error correcting codes. In first two chapters necessary introduction to quantum computation and classical error correction is presented. Previous results on construction of quantum error correcting codes are presented in the third and fourth chapter. Mainly Calderbank-Steane-Shor (CSS) codes and stabilizer codes are discussed together with the introduction to coding, decoding and recovery circuits’ construction. Second part of the thesis presents our own results. We have concentrated our effort on the exploration of new CSS codes and examination of their usability. CSS codes are presented as a wide class of quantum codes in literature, but conditions for their practical construction are quite complicated. Well known CSS codes are Steane code correcting errors on a single qubit and [[23,1,7]] code derived from Golay code (correcting three errors). However, no CSS code encoding one logical qubit and correcting errors on up to two qubits is established in the field of quantum error correction. Such code would need to use at least seventeen encoding qubits. We present probabilistic algorithm searching for CSS codes. We used this algorithm and found [[19,1,5]] CSS code. It remains an open question whether 17 or 18 qubits will suffice to construct a CSS code correcting two arbitrary errors. In last two chapters of the thesis results of numerical and theoretical analysis of found [[19,1,5]] code are shown. The concept of fault tolerant quantum computation is used in the analysis. Found [[19,1,5]] code is compared to Steane code. It follows that [[19,1,5]] CSS code provides better results than Steane code, if fault rate of used quantum gates is below 2, 5.10−4. We have optimized fault tolerant error correction schema for [[19,1,5]] code using the analysis and numerical simulations of several potential architectures. Probability that [[19,1,5]] code would fail to protect encoded qubit is shown (theoretically and also experimentally) to be O(ξ), where ξ is probability of single gate failure. In the thesis also coding, decoding and recovery circuits for found [[19,1,5]] code are designed.
The Trauma Evaluation and Management (TEAM) teaching module: its role for senior medical students in Canada.

INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to report on the role of the Trauma Evaluation and Management (TEAM) module devised by the American College of Surgeons in the trauma education of senior medical students. METHODS Twenty-nine medical students who completed their surgical clerkship at the University of Toronto were randomly divided into 2 groups: a control and a TEAM group. All students completed a 20-item multiple-choice questionnaire (MCQ) pre-test. The TEAM group(15 students) took a post-test after completing the TEAM program and the control group (14 students) took the same "post-test" without completing the TEAM program. Students in the control groupdid complete the TEAM program after taking the post-test, allowing all 29 students to complete a post-module evaluation questionnaire. Paired t-tests were used for within group comparisons and unpaired t-tests for between group comparisons. The results of the evaluation questionnaire were analyzed according to the percentage of response in each of 5 categories of 1 - strongly disagree to 5 = strongly agree, as well as according to the median, range and 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS The students had similar mean (+/- standard deviation) scores on the MCQ pre-test (TEAM 46.3 [5.5], control 47.5 [9.9]), but the TEAM group showed a significant (p < 0. 05) improvement in their scores after they completed the TEAM program (TEAM 80.7 [11.5], control 44.6 [6.3]). Eight of the 15 students in the TEAM group reached the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) pass mark of 80%, whereas none in the control group achieved this mark. With respect to the evaluation questionnaire, a score of 4 or greater was assigned by 100% of the students when asked if the objectives were met, 100% when asked if trauma knowledge was improved, 62% when asked whether clinical trauma skills were improved, 100% for overall satisfaction and 100% in recommending that the module be made mandatory in the undergraduate curriculum. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates the teaching effectiveness of the TEAM module. It also was very well accepted by the senior medical students who unanimously indicated that this module should be mandatory in the undergraduate medical curriculum.
Transverse plane evaluation of the effects of surgical technique on stem positioning and geometry of reconstruction in canine total hip replacement.

OBJECTIVES To test whether femoral ostectomy level, subtrochanteric bone mass removal, and stemsize selection significantly affect stem positioning in canine total hip replacement, and to determine ability of the femoral stem component to restore geometry of the normal femoral head and neck. SAMPLE POPULATION Femurs from 8 adult mixed-breed canine cadavers. PROCEDURE Femurs were systematically prepared, using 8 combinations of 3 surgical preparation techniques that included level of ostectomy (cervical isthmus vs lesser trochanter), subtrochanteric bone block removal, and femoral stem size (recommended, undersized). Computer-aided analysis of specimen photographs was used to evaluate femoral head offset and position and variability of femoral stem positioning for each of the preparation combinations. RESULTS Original femoral head offset and position were reconstructed to within a mean of 0.052 and 0.031 cm, respectively, using an undersized femoral stem after ostectomy at the level of the lesser trochanter. Implantation of an undersized femoral stem after subtrochanteric bone block removal improved ability to centralize the distal tip of the implant and reduce the angle between the femoral diaphyseal and implant axes. Ostectomy at the level of the cervical isthmus tended to force femoral implants into a varus position, and ostectomy at the level of the lesser trochanter tended to force implants into a valgus position. CONCLUSIONS Geometry of normal canine femurs was most closely reconstructed by implantation of an undersized femoral component after ostectomy at the level of the lesser trochanter. Implantation of an undersized femoral component after subtrochanteric bone block removal resulted in the best alignment and centralization of the stem.
Content-based mood classification for photos and music: a generic multi-modal classification framework and evaluation approach

Mood or emotion information are often used search terms or navigation properties within multimedia archives, retrieval systems or multimedia players. Most of these applications engage end-users or experts to tag multimedia objects with mood annotations. Within the scientific community different approaches for content-based music, photo or multimodal mood classification can be found with a wide range of used mood definitions or models and completely different test suites. The purpose of this paper is to review common mood models in order to assess their flexibility, to present a generic multi-modal mood classification framework which uses various audio-visual features and multiple classifiers and to present a novel music and photo mood classification reference set for evaluation. The classification framework is the basis for different applications e.g. automatic media tagging or music slideshow players. The novel reference set can be used for comparison of different algorithms from various research groups. Finally, the results of the introduced framework are presented, discussed and conclusions for future steps are drawn.
What Do These Memories Do? Civil Rights Remembrance and Racial Attitudes

Scholarly inquiry into collective memory has fostered a host of innovative questions, perspectives, and interpretations about how individuals and communities are both constituted by the past and mobilize it for present-day projects. Race is one of the more important current issues demonstrating how the presence of the past is both potent and sorrowful in the United States. It is therefore critical to examine how memories of racial oppression, conflict, and reconstruction shape race relations. Studies of race relations, however, generally ignore collective memory's role in shaping racial norms and attitudes. This article uses the 1993 General Social Survey to address the silences in the collective memory and race relations literatures by examining how Americans' recollections of the civil rights movement influence their racial attitudes and racial policy preferences. Although we find that Americans' opinions about government programs targeting African Americans are unrelated to civil rights memory, respondents who spontaneously recalled the civil rights struggle and its victories as an especially important historical event generally expressed more racially liberal opinions than did those with different memories. Our findings both support the basic presupposition of collective memory studies—memory matters—and point to a fruitful innovation in the study of racial attitudes.