Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The factor structure of the Personality Research Form: A cross-national evaluation.

The present research examined the generalizability of the factor structure of the Personality Research Form (PRF) across various populations. A common methodology was used for factoring 18 data bases from largely differing samples (including data from one Asian and two European countries). In accordance with previous research results, five factors were rotated in every case and compared with two target factor solutions. A mean congruence coefficient of . 93 as well as similar proportions of variance explained by the factors in the various populations indicated a large amount of generalizability for that structure. An alternative but similar structure, which had been interpreted in terms of the so-called “Big Five” factors of personality, proved to be only slightly less generalizable. It was concluded that the fairly abstract constructs of both PRF factor structures are useful for describing personality in the cultures under study, leaving room for the possibility of more subtle or specific differences between the populations.
Miniaturization of acoustic vector sensors enabled by viscous fluids: Towards fiber laser hair sensors

We demonstrate a path towards the miniaturization of fiber-optic acoustic sensors based on simple cantilever designs. The reduction in response due to miniaturization is offset by the introduction of a viscous fluid around the cantilever, which changes the dominant driving force and introduces damping. This dramatically changes the response and enables responses 10 times greater than otherwise expected, as well as increased operating bandwidth. We show the performance of several different cantilever sensors and the effect of different viscous fluids on their acoustic response. Theoretical modeling results show excellent agreement with our measured data.
The savannah hypothesis of shopping

Predicting human behaviour is a complex process dependent in part on instinctive, physiological, rational and emotional considerations. Arguably, all of these are just chemistry – think of the adrenalin fight or flight reflex. But why does brain chemistry affect our actions? According to evolutionary psychologists, the answer lies in the axiom of the survival of the fittest. Retailers are no strangers to this Darwinian notion. But to fully understand its retailing significance we need to move away from city analysts and like-for-like sales to four million years ago when an ice age caused the African forest to retreat and tree dwelling apes were forced to adapt to living on the open savannah or face extinction. For males, survival and finding a mate meant becoming good hunters while the females needed to excel at gathering the best food for the family. The Savannah Hypothesis, made explicit by Richard Broom back in 1933, holds that human psychology has been shaped by the need to evolve and adapt in order to survive. And no wonder that this behaviour has become ingrained: of the continuum that represents the evolution of the human race ninety eight per cent sees humans as hunter-gatherers.
Comparison between diffraction contrast tomography and high-energy diffraction microscopy on a slightly deformed aluminium alloy

The grain structure of a slightly deformed Al–0.3 wt%Mn alloy was reconstructed using diffraction contrast tomography (DCT) and high-energy diffraction microscopy (HEDM). The direct comparison shows that DCT can detect subgrain boundaries with disorientations as low as 1° and that HEDM and DCT grain boundaries are on average 4 µm apart from each other.
Use of the Composite Pedicled Pectoralis Minor Flap after Resection of Soft Tissue Sarcoma in Reconstruction of the Glenohumeral Joint

The surgical repair of an extensive anterior glenohumeral soft tissue defect is complicated by glenohumeral instability and subsequent significant functional deficit. This surgical note offers a relatively simple reconstruction of the anterior capsule and subscapularis muscle using a pectoralis minor pedicle flap. This reconstruction is supplemented with functional reconstruction of the anterior glenohumeral joint. A conventional deltopectoral approach is utilized and pectoralis minor is freed from its coracoid insertion, released, and mobilized without compromising the pedicle entering from the dorsum and inferior one-third of the muscle. The mobilized pectoralis minor vascular pedicle has sufficient length for the pectoralis minor to be transferred to provide coverage of the anterior shoulder joint even in full external rotation, providing anterior stability. To further improve glenohumeral stability and shoulder function, the pectoralis major muscle can be split with the clavicular part reinserted lateral to the bicipital groove onto the lesser tuberosity replacing subscapularis function while stabilising the glenohumeral joint.
Talking Yourself Out of Being Shy: Shyness, Expressive Vocabulary, and Socioemotional Adjustment in Preschool

The goal of the present study was to explore the role of expressive vocabulary as a moderator in the relation between shyness and maladjustment in early childhood. Participants were 82 preschool children (39 males, 43 females). Mothers rated children's shyness at the start of the preschool year. Children were interviewed individually to assess expressive vocabulary and self-perceptions. Near the end of the school year, teachers completed ratings of child adjustment. No significant relation was found between shyness and expressive vocabulary. However, shyness and expressive vocabulary were found to interact in the prediction of indices of maladjustment. Specifically, increased expressive vocabulary appeared to act as a buffer against certain negative outcomes related to shyness. Implications are discussed in terms of the possible effect of social context on shy children's performance on formal language assessments, as well as the potential role of verbal abilities in the coping skills of shy children.
DNA hypomethylation in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts.

OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) are phenotypically activated and aggressive. We undertook this study to investigate whether the intrinsic activation of RASFs is due to global genomic hypomethylation, an epigenetic modification. METHODS Global genomic hypomethylation was assessed by immunohistochemistry, flow cytometry, and L1 promoter bisulfite sequencing. The levels of Dnmt1 were determined in synovial tissue and cultured SFs by Western blotting before and after treatment with cytokines and growth factors. Normal SFs were treated for 3 months with a nontoxic dose of the DNA hypomethylation drug 5-azacytidine (5-azaC), and changes in gene expression were revealed using complementary DNA arrays. The phenotypic changes were confirmed by flow cytometry. RESULTS In situ and in vitro, RASF DNA had fewer 5-methylcytosine and methylated CG sites upstream of an L1 open-reading frame than did DNA of osteoarthritis SFs, and proliferating RASFs were deficient in Dnmt1. Using 5-azaC, we reproduced the activated phenotype of RASFs in normal SFs. One hundred eighty-six genes were up-regulated>2-fold by hypomethylation, with enhanced protein expression. These included growth factors and receptors, extracellular matrix proteins, adhesion molecules, and matrix-degrading enzymes. The hypomethylating milieu induced irreversible phenotypic changes in normal SFs, which resembled those of the activated phenotype of RASFs. CONCLUSION DNA hypomethylation contributes to the chronicity of RA and could be responsible for the limitation of current therapies.
Assemblage and critical urbanism

This paper offers a discussion of what assemblage thinking might offer critical urbanism. It seeks to connect with and build upon recent debates in City (2009) on critical urbanism by outlining three sets of contributions that assemblage offers for thinking politically and normatively of the city. First, assemblage thinking entails a descriptive orientation to the city as produced through relations of history and potential (or the actual and the possible), particularly in relation to the assembling of the urban commons and in the potential of ‘generative critique’. Second, assemblage as a concept functions to disrupt how we conceive agency and critique due to its focus on sociomaterial interaction and distribution. Third, assemblage, as collage, composition and gathering provides an imaginary of the cosmopolitan city, as the closest approximation in the social sciences to the assemblage idea. The paper is not an attempt to offer assemblage thinking as opposed, intellectually or politically, to the long and diverse traditions of critical urbanism, but is instead an examination of some of the connections and differences between assemblage thinking and strands of critical urbanism.
Soluble Factors Released by Toxoplasma gondii-Infected Astrocytes Down-Modulate Nitric Oxide Production by Gamma Interferon-Activated Microglia and Prevent Neuronal Degeneration

ABSTRACT The maintenance of a benign chronic Toxoplasma gondii infection is mainly dependent on the persistent presence of gamma interferon (IFN-γ) in the central nervous system (CNS). However, IFN-γ-activated microglia are paradoxically involved in parasitism control and in tissue damage during a broad range of CNS pathologies. In this way, nitric oxide (NO), the main toxic metabolite produced by IFN-γ-activated microglia, may cause neuronal injury during T. gondii infection. Despite the potential NO toxicity, neurodegeneration is not a common finding during chronic T. gondii infection. In this work, we describe a significant down-modulation of NO production by IFN-γ-activated microglia in the presence of conditioned medium of T. gondii-infected astrocytes (CMi). The inhibition of NO production was paralleled with recovery of neurite outgrowth when neurons were cocultured with IFN-γ-activated microglia in the presence of CMi. Moreover, the modulation of NO secretion and the neuroprotective effect were shown to be dependent on prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production by T. gondii-infected astrocytes and autocrine secretion of interleukin-10 (IL-10) by microglia. These events were partially eliminated when infected astrocytes were treated with aspirin and cocultures were treated with anti-IL-10 neutralizing antibodies and RP-8-Br cyclic AMP (cAMP), a protein kinase A inhibitor. Further, the modulatory effects of CMi were mimicked by the presence of exogenous PGE2 and by forskolin, an adenylate cyclase activator. Altogether, these data point to a T. gondii-triggered regulatory mechanism involving PGE2 secretion by astrocytes and cAMP-dependent IL-10 secretion by microglia. This may reduce host tissue inflammation, thus avoiding neuron damage during an established Th1 protective immune response.
Token‐to‐token variability in adult apraxia of speech: A perceptual analysis

Background: Many researchers and clinicians have suggested that a definitive characteristic of adult apraxia of speech (AOS) is that the speech sound errors are highly variable. Furthermore, it has been argued that error variability is one means of differentially diagnosing AOS from dysarthria. The findings from studies of error variability have been mixed; however, the speech errors have been elicited in different ways and “variability” is not consistently defined across different studies, making comparisons across studies difficult. Aims: The purpose of this investigation was to characterise error variability in two speakers with AOS. Methods & Procedures: Single words were elicited in imitation with repeated trials on the same words over a period of several weeks. The speech samples were transcribed using narrow phonetic transcription and analysed for accuracy of production and consistency of error. Outcomes & Results: We found that the errors were both consistent and inconsistent, depending on how the errors were analysed, e.g., certain sounds were consistently produced in error. In addition, our data suggest that consistency of error may be related to the severity of the AOS. Conclusions: Future research should be aimed at standardising the definitions of consistency, and empirically testing the variables that may affect the observed variability. Furthermore, we need more data on error consistency from a large number of well‐described individuals with a variety of neurogenic disorders, as well as continued refinement of models of speech production that can account for the error patterns that are observed.
Missing Data and Influential Sites: Choice of Sites for Phylogenetic Analysis Can Be As Important As Taxon Sampling and Model Choice

Phylogenetic studies based on molecular sequence alignments are expected to become more accurate as the number of sites in the alignments increases. With the advent of genomic-scale data, where alignments have very large numbers of sites, bootstrap values close to 100% and posterior probabilities close to 1 are the norm, suggesting that the number of sites is now seldom a limiting factor on phylogenetic accuracy. This provokes the question, should we be fussy about the sites we choose to include in a genomic-scale phylogenetic analysis? If some sites contain missing data, ambiguous character states, or gaps, then why not just throw them away before conducting the phylogenetic analysis? Indeed, this is exactly the approach taken in many phylogenetic studies. Here, we present an example where the decision on how to treat sites with missing data is of equal importance to decisions on taxon sampling and model choice, and we introduce a graphical method for illustrating this.
Creative ability and the handling of personal and social conflict among bright sixth graders

Twenty-two sixth graders (11 boys and 11 girls), with IQs ranging between 118 and 130, were measured for their creative ability with verbal and pictorial material, their degree of perceptual defense regarding individual conflicts found in projective test measures, and their manner of resolving social conflict situations. Hypotheses regarding the relation of creative thinking ability to the handling of personal conflict and the resolution of social situation conflicts were tested. There were no age or sex differences among participants, but, according to the hypotheses, participants high in creative thinking ability, when contrasted with participants low in creative thinking ability, were less repressive in their responses to conflictful projective material, introduced more new ideas in the resolution of social conflicts, and formulated more solutions in which all interested parties’ needs were considered and met.
CITIZENS AND ACTIVISTS

Much has been said about the use of email and other information and communication technologies by online activists to communicate their message to the general public, to recruit and mobilize fellow advocates, and to reach the mass media. However, largely absent from the literature are studies exploring the use of email by the public to communicate and interact with campaigners. This paper investigates why citizens email campaigners and whether email exchanges between the public and activists inform campaigning tactics. The data used in this article include the results of content analysis of the archive of an email list, participant observation, and informal interviews with the grassroots activists of a Dutch single-issue campaign against black box electronic voting. The research shows that the possibility for citizens to communicate with a grassroots campaign has been beneficial for both the civic writer and the activists.
Synthesis of Constraint-Based Local Search Algorithms from High-Level Models

The gap in automation between MIP/SAT solvers and those for constraint programming and constraint-based local search hinders experimentation and adoption of these technologies and slows down scientific progress. This paper addresses this important issue: It shows how effective local search procedures can be automatically synthesized from models expressed in a rich constraint language. The synthesizer analyzes the model and derives the local search algorithm for a specific meta-heuristic by exploiting the structure of the model and the constraint semantics. Experimental results suggest that the synthesized procedures only induce a small loss in efficiency on a variety of realistic applications in sequencing, resource allocation, and facility location.
Measuring Counterproductivity: Development and Initial Validation of a German Self-Report Questionnaire

This article describes the development and initial construct validation of a comprehensive self-report measure of workplace counterproductivity. The instrument contains subscales for different targets of counterproductivity (organizational and interpersonal deviance, Robinson and Bennett 1995) as well as for different forms of manifestation (absenteeism, substance use, aggression, and theft, respectively) An empirical study (N = 174), conducted in one manufacturing and one retail organization, confirmed the intended internal structure by means of confirmatory factor analysis. Counterproductivity may best be described as a higher-order behavioural construct loading on subdimensions carrying unique variance. In addition, an examination of outside variables showed that the best predictor of counterproductivity was self-control, followed by integrity, whereas cognitive ability was largely unrelated to the construct. The opposite pattern of correlations occurred for productive performance behaviours, indicating that counterproductivity is a unique construct within the performance domain. Differences and similarities between the present measure and a recent independent development by Bennett and Robinson (2000) are discussed, along with conclusions for future research on the topic.
The psychometric properties of the DS14 in Hebrew and the prevalence of Type D Personality in Israeli adults

Objectives: To examine the psychometric properties of the 14-item Type D Scale (DS14) in Hebrew, and to estimate the prevalence of Type D personality (high negative affectivity and social inhibition) in Israeli adults. Methods: 1,350 consecutive community volunteers were recruited and completed questionnaires that included the DS14, the 140-item Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI-140), the Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 (TAS-20), the Positive and Negative Affect Scale (PANAS), social support, well-being, assessment of smoking behavior, physical and sexual activity, known medical diagnoses, and family history of coronary heart disease (CHD). Results: The structural validity, as demonstrated by exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, and the internal reliability of the DS14 was acceptable. Overall prevalence of Type D was 24.1%; individuals of Type D versus non-D were significantly higher in self-reported rates of hypertension, CHD diagnosis, and first-degree relatives diagnosed with CHD. They were also elevated for TCI-140 Harm Avoidance, as well as negative affect, alexithymia, and significantly lower in TCI-140 Novelty Seeking, Reward Dependence, Persistence, Self-Directedness, and Cooperativeness, as well as in subjective well-being, social support, and positive affect. Conclusion: The DS14 in Hebrew has good psychometric qualities, supporting cross-cultural validity.
Vitamin D supplementation and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A critical and systematic review of clinical trials

ABSTRACT Previous observational studies have found a relationship between vitamin D deficiency and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, this type of study could not show the causal relationship between these two conditions. Therefore, we systematically and critically reviewed the available clinical trials to elucidate such relationship. We searched databases such as Medline, Scopus and Cochrane to identify the clinical trials that assessed the effects of vitamin D supplementation in adults with NAFLD. The outcome variables of interest were indicators of hepatic steatosis, liver enzymes, insulin resistance, inflammation and oxidative stress. A total of 6 studies were included in the qualitative analysis. Only in two studies the grade of hepatic steatosis decreased significantly after vitamin D supplementation. The changes in insulin resistance parameters were reported significant only in one. Of the 3 included studies that measured biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress, one revealed a significant decrease in these biomarkers after vitamin D supplementation. Findings from current review study provided new insight into the factors that could affect the therapeutic role of vitamin D in NAFLD. Factors such as gender differences, baseline serum status of vitamin D, co-supplementation with calcium and gene polymorphism should be considered when designing future clinical trials.
The Other Brazilians: Community Ambivalences among Brazilians in Sydney

The migration of Brazilians to Australia is a relatively new phenomenon, and has been increasing since the 1990s. Although an imagined Brazilian community is part of everyday discourses of Brazilians, receiving society and media, this concept is ambivalent. I address the limitations of multiculturalism and its correlated notion of diasporic community to point to other alternatives for understanding communal feelings, nostalgia and homebuilding. This perspective unveils disjunctions between the multiculturalist view of community and the lived experience of communities. I demonstrate the existence of shunning behaviour among Brazilians, and argue that such trend is due to their desire to recover their whiteness, cosmopolitanism and Western ethos in Australia. I also show that Brazilians use identity in a strategic way to work out their integration, such as the uses of a cosmopolitan identity and a pan-Latin American identity. These distinctions show that Brazilians have different degrees of affective investment in the Brazilian culture, belonging and integration strategies. In this light, we ought to think in terms of networking in order to deconstruct simplifications of a migrant community through culturalist explanations.
A zero human-intervention provisioning for industrial IoT devices

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, IoT devices have been widely deployed. In industrial scenarios, the deployment cost including human operation and time can be increased with the scale of the network because there might be more than thousands of devices that need to be provisioned at the same time. Currently, most systems require human involvement when a newly deployed device is initially connected to a wireless access network such as Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN). In this paper, we propose a state machine based method to control the provisioning process, which calls for zero human intervention. For security reasons, we employ the Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS [1]) protocol and a one-time password-generating method for authentication, in order to prevent unreliable devices from accessing the network. In the performance evaluation, our method can complete the provisioning process within four seconds after the device's boot-up. Compared to legacy methods, our solution can reduce both time and human cost.