Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of wound fluid on chemotherapy sensitivity in primary breast cancer cells

Objective To investigate the effect of WF on chemotherapy sensitivities of primary breast cancer cells from breast cancer patients by using CD-DST. Results In general, the WF-treated cells showed remarkable increase in survival rates as compared to the control cells cultured without WF among different anticancer drug subgroups. This trend was generally observed in all the tumor cells from the premenopausal, postmenopausal, T2, N0, N1, luminal B, and TN patients. Methods The sensitivities of WF-treated primary breast cancer cells, from 21 patients who underwent a radical resection for breast cancer from September 2014 to July 2015, to anticancer drugs: EPI, CDDP, DOC, VNR, 5-FU+LV, and PAC, were obtained using CD-DST. The survival rates of the breast cancer cells were recorded and used to gauge the chemotherapeutic effect. Conclusions Surgery-induced WF promotes the drug resistance of primary breast cancer cells to chemotherapy, suggesting that surgery may have adverse effects on breast cancer patients. More studies are needed to investigate the key factors in WF that enhance the susceptibility to chemotherapy drugs.
Joint subcarrier and power allocation for OFDMA based mobile edge computing system

By offloading computationally intensive tasks to the edge cloud provided by the cellular base stations, the mobile edge computing (MEC) technique has the potential to realize the critical millisecond-scale latency requirement of next generation mobile services. In this paper, we investigate the joint subcarrier and power allocation problem in an orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) based MEC system to minimize the maximal delay of each mobile device. The partial data offloading scenario is considered where mobile data can be computed at both local devices and the edge cloud. Since the problem is a combinatorial optimization one, we first propose a lower-bound algorithm by relaxing the channel allocation indicators into continuous variables. Then, to find a low-complexity feasible solution, we further develop a heuristic algorithm which separates subcarrier assignment and power allocation. The performances of our proposed algorithms are finally tested by extensive numerical simulations.
When attention is not scarce - detecting boredom from mobile phone usage

Boredom is a common human emotion which may lead to an active search for stimulation. People often turn to their mobile phones to seek that stimulation. In this paper, we tackle the challenge of automatically inferring boredom from mobile phone usage. In a two-week in-the-wild study, we collected over 40,000,000 usage logs and 4398 boredom self-reports of 54 mobile phone users. We show that a user-independent machine-learning model of boredom --leveraging features related to recency of communication, usage intensity, time of day, and demographics-- can infer boredom with an accuracy (AUCROC) of up to 82.9%. Results from a second field study with 16 participants suggest that people are more likely to engage with recommended content when they are bored, as inferred by our boredom-detection model. These findings enable boredom-triggered proactive recommender systems that attune their users' level of attention and need for stimulation.
Local bone loss in patients with anti-citrullinated peptide antibody and arthralgia, evaluated with high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography

Objective: To investigate bone changes in the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints of anti-citrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA)-positive patients with arthralgia, but not arthritis, compared to healthy controls. Method: Using a cross-sectional study design, patients were recruited from hospitals and private care rheumatologists, and controls from a test subject website. All subjects underwent medical history interview, clinical examination, and biochemical screening including ACPA. Patients with positive ACPA, arthralgia, and no rheumatic disease were included. Controls without a history or signs of rheumatological disease or positive ACPA were included. A 2.7-cm-long region around the second and third MCP joints was evaluated using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography with a voxel size of 82 µm. Results: Twenty-nine ACPA-positive patients and 29 healthy controls were evaluated. Trabecular volumetric bone mineral density and bone volume fraction did not differ between the groups. In addition, the cortical bone was not affected in patients, as we found no difference in average cortical thickness and cortical bone area between the groups. In contrast, the trabeculae were significantly (p < 0.05) thinner in both second and third MCP heads compared with controls, whereas trabecular number and trabecular separation did not differ between the groups. No erosions were demonstrated and the number of non-specific breaks did not differ between the groups. Conclusion: Trabecular bone changes were observed in ACPA-positive patients with arthralgia compared with healthy controls. The results may reflect inflammatory up-regulated trabecular bone resorption leading to early bone loss before the onset of clinical arthritis.
Assessment of data‐assisted prediction by inclusion of crosslinking/mass‐spectrometry and small angle X‐ray scattering data in the 12th Critical Assessment of protein Structure Prediction experiment

Integrative modeling approaches attempt to combine experiments and computation to derive structure‐function relationships in complex molecular assemblies. Despite their importance for the advancement of life sciences, benchmarking of existing methodologies is rather poor. The 12th round of the Critical Assessment of protein Structure Prediction (CASP) offered a unique niche to benchmark data and methods from two kinds of experiments often used in integrative modeling, namely residue‐residue contacts obtained through crosslinking/mass‐spectrometry (CLMS), and small‐angle X‐ray scattering (SAXS) experiments. Upon assessment of the models submitted by predictors for 3 targets assisted by CLMS data and 11 targets by SAXS data, we observed no significant improvement when compared to the best data‐blind models, although most predictors did improve relative to their own data‐blind predictions. Only for target Tx892 of the CLMS‐assisted category and for target Ts947 of the SAXS‐assisted category, there was a net, albeit mild, improvement relative to the best data‐blind predictions. We discuss here possible reasons for the relatively poor success, which point rather to inconsistencies in the data sources rather than in the methods, to which a few groups were less sensitive. We conclude with suggestions that could improve the potential of data integration in future CASP rounds in terms of experimental data production, methods development, data management and prediction assessment.
Epigenetic upregulation of ARL4C, due to DNA hypomethylation in the 3'-untranslated region, promotes tumorigenesis of lung squamous cell carcinoma

ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF)-like 4c (ARL4C) expression, induced by a combination of Wnt/β-catenin and EGF/Ras signaling, has been demonstrated to form epithelial morphogenesis. ARL4C overexpression, due to Wnt/β-catenin and EGF/Ras signaling alterations, was involved in tumorigenesis. It was also reported that ARL4C expression correlates with DNA hypomethylation in the 3’-untranslated region (UTR) of ARL4C gene during lymphogenesis. The current study was conducted to investigate the expression and functions of ARL4C due to DNA hypomethylation in lung and tongue cancers. Immunohistochemical analyses of tissue specimens obtained from lung and tongue squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) patients revealed that ARL4C is not observed in non-tumor regions, but is strongly expressed at high frequencies in tumor lesions. Although inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin or Ras/MAP kinase signaling did not decrease ARL4C expression in NCI-H520 lung SCC cells, ARL4C DNA was clearly hypomethylated in the 3’-UTR. Ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase (TET) enzyme, which mediates DNA demethylation, was highly expressed in NCI-H520 cells. Knockout of TET family proteins (TET1-3) in NCI-H520 cells reduced 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) levels and promoted DNA methylation in the 3’-UTR, leading to the decrease in ARL4C expression and ARL4C-mediated cellular migration. In tumor lesions of ARL4C-positive lung SCC, 5hmC was frequently detected and DNA methylation in the 3’-UTR of ARL4C gene was lower than in non-tumor regions, which were consistent with the Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. These results suggest that ARL4C is expressed due to hypomethylation in the 3’-UTR for certain types of cancers and that ARL4C methylation status is involved in cancer cell function.
What do patients expect from treatment with Dental Implants? Perceptions, expectations and misconceptions: a multicenter study

OBJECTIVE While research in terms of patient-centered care in implant therapy is growing, few studies have investigated patients' initial perceptions prior to consultation with the implant dentist. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to capture patients' initial information level, perceptions, as well as expectations from the implant therapy. METHOD A 34-item questionnaire was developed to investigate patients' preoperative information, perceptions and expectations from treatment with Dental Implants. The study was conducted in three locations (Hong Kong, SiChuan and JiangSu) during 2014-2015 with 277 patients. RESULTS The main information source about implant therapy was the dentist or hygienist for less than half of the patients (n = 113, 42%). About 62.8% of participants considered that they were in general informed about implants, but only 17.7% felt confident with the information they had. More than 30% of the sample appeared to maintain dangerous misperceptions about Dental Implants: "Dental Implants require less care than natural teeth"; "Treatment with Dental Implants is appropriate for all patients with missing teeth"; "Dental Implants last longer than natural teeth"; and "Treatments with Dental Implants have no risks or complications. " Patients were divided when asked whether "Dental Implants are as functional as natural teeth" (agreement frequency = 52.7%). Expectations from treatment outcome were commonly high, while there was a significant correlation between the overall mean of perception scores and outcome expectation scores (r = 0.32, P < 0.001). Overall, younger subjects (<45 years) and those with higher education level (bachelor and postgraduate) tended to present more realistic perceptions and lower outcome expectations. CONCLUSION The majority of patients in this study presented relatively realistic perceptions. However, an alarming portion of the sample presented with inaccurate perceptions and unrealistic expectations, which the dental team would need to diagnose and correct prior to initiating implant treatment.
Phylogenetic composition of host plant communities drives plant‐herbivore food web structure

Insects tend to feed on related hosts. The phylogenetic composition of host plant communities thus plays a prominent role in determining insect specialization, food web structure, and diversity. Previous studies showed a high preference of insect herbivores for congeneric and confamilial hosts suggesting that some levels of host plant relationships may play more prominent role that others. We aim to quantify the effects of host phylogeny on the structure of quantitative plant-herbivore food webs. Further, we identify specific patterns in three insect guilds with different life histories and discuss the role of host plant phylogeny in maintaining their diversity. We studied herbivore assemblages in three temperate forests in Japan and the Czech Republic. Sampling from a canopy crane, a cherry picker and felled trees allowed a complete census of plant-herbivore interactions within three 0·1 ha plots for leaf chewing larvae, miners, and gallers. We analyzed the effects of host phylogeny by comparing the observed food webs with randomized models of host selection. Larval leaf chewers exhibited high generality at all three sites, whereas gallers and miners were almost exclusively monophagous. Leaf chewer generality dropped rapidly when older host lineages (5-80 myr) were collated into a single lineage but only decreased slightly when the most closely related congeneric hosts were collated. This shows that leaf chewer generality has been maintained by feeding on confamilial hosts while only a few herbivores were shared between more distant plant lineages and, surprisingly, between some congeneric hosts. In contrast, miner and galler generality was maintained mainly by the terminal nodes of the host phylogeny and dropped immediately after collating congeneric hosts into single lineages. We show that not all levels of host plant phylogeny are equal in their effect on structuring plant-herbivore food webs. In the case of generalist guilds, it is the phylogeny of deeper plant lineages that drives the food web structure whereas the terminal relationships play minor roles. In contrast, the specialization and abundance of monophagous guilds are affected mainly by the terminal parts of the plant phylogeny and do not generally reflect deeper host phylogeny.
Simulation of strongly correlated fermions in two spatial dimensions with fermionic projected entangled-pair states

We explain how to implement, in the context of projected entangled-pair states (PEPSs), the general procedure of fermionization of a tensor network introduced in P. Corboz and G. Vidal, Phys. Rev. B 80, 165129 (2009). The resulting fermionic PEPS, similar to previous proposals, can be used to study the ground state of interacting fermions on a two-dimensional lattice. As in the bosonic case, the cost of simulations depends on the amount of entanglement in the ground state and not directly on the strength of interactions. The present formulation of fermionic PEPS leads to a straightforward numerical implementation that allowed us to recycle much of the code for bosonic PEPS. We demonstrate that fermionic PEPS are a useful variational ansatz for interacting fermion systems by computing approximations to the ground state of several models on an infinite lattice. For a model of interacting spinless fermions, ground state energies lower than Hartree-Fock results are obtained, shifting the boundary between the metal and charge-density wave phases. For the t-J model, energies comparable with those of a specialized Gutzwiller-projected ansatz are also obtained. © 2010 The American Physical Society.
The ordinal nature of emotions

Representing computationally everyday emotional states is a challenging task and, arguably, one of the most fundamental for affective computing. Standard practice in emotion annotation is to ask humans to assign an absolute value of intensity to each emotional behavior they observe. Psychological theories and evidence from multiple disciplines including neuroscience, economics and artificial intelligence, however, suggest that the task of assigning reference-based (relative) values to subjective notions is better aligned with the underlying representations than assigning absolute values. Evidence also shows that we use reference points, or else anchors, against which we evaluate values such as the emotional state of a stimulus; suggesting again that ordinal labels are a more suitable way to represent emotions. This paper draws together the theoretical reasons to favor relative over absolute labels for representing and annotating emotion, reviewing the literature across several disciplines. We go on to discuss good and bad practices of treating ordinal and other forms of annotation data, and make the case for preference learning methods as the appropriate approach for treating ordinal labels. We finally discuss the advantages of relative annotation with respect to both reliability and validity through a number of case studies in affective computing, and address common objections to the use of ordinal data. Overall, the thesis that emotions are by nature relative is supported by both theoretical arguments and evidence, and opens new horizons for the way emotions are viewed, represented and analyzed computationally.
Blood Group A Isoagglutinins in A2→ O Simultaneous Liver/Kidney Transplantation May Not Influence Kidney Function

We simultaneously transplanted a liver and kidney (SLK) into a 55‐year‐old woman with end‐stage liver disease secondary to recurrent primary biliary cirrhosis. The patient was blood group O, the donor was A2 (A, non‐A1) and the patient's A isoagglutinin titer was 512. Good renal function was evident by normalization of her creatinine values following transplantation. Recovery was unremarkable and she was discharged on post op day 9. The patient has not experienced an episode of rejection in either organ during the 6 months of follow‐up. This case is important because high A IgG isoagglutinin levels (8 or higher) in kidney alone A2→ O transplantation are detrimental to outcome but do not affect outcome in liver alone A2→ O transplants; however, no such anti‐A titer data have been published for A2→ O (or B) SLK transplantation.
Mechanics of amorphous polymers and polymer gels

Many applications of amorphous polymers require a thermo-mechanically coupled large-deformation elasto-viscoplasticity theory which models the strain rate and temperature dependent response of amorphous polymeric materials in a temperature range which spans the glass transition temperature of the material. We have formulated such a theory, and also numerically implemented our theory in a finite element program. The material parameters in the theory have been calibrated for poly(methyl methacrylate), polycarbonate, and Zeonex - a cyclo-olefin polymer. The predictive capabilities of the constitutive theory and its numerical implementation have been validated by comparing the results from a suite of validation experiments against corresponding results from numerical simulations. Amorphous chemically-crosslinked polymers form a relatively new class of thermallyactuated shape-memory polymers. Several biomedical applications for thermally-actuated shape-memory polymers have been proposed/demonstrated in the recent literature. However, actual use of such polymers and devices made from these materials is still quite limited. For the variety of proposed applications to be realized with some confidence in their performance, it is important to develop a constitutive theory for the thermo-mechanical response of these materials and a numerical simulation-based design capability which, when supported with experimental data, will allow for the prediction of the response of devices made from these materials under service conditions. We have developed such a theory and a numerical simulation capability, and demonstrated its utility for modeling the thermo-mechanical response of the shape-memory polymer tBA-PEGDMA. An elastomeric gel is a cross-linked polymer network swollen with a solvent, and certain thermally-responsive gels can undergo large reversible volume changes as they are cycled about a critical temperature. We have developed a thermodynamically-consistent continuum-level theory to describe the coupled mechanical-deformation, fluid permeation, and heat transfer of such gels. We have numerically implemented our theory in a finite element program by writing thermo-chemo-mechanically coupled elements. We show that our theory is capable of simulating swelling, squeezing of fluid by applied mechanical forces, and thermally-responsive swelling/de-swelling of such materials.
Optimal Power Control for NOMA Wireless Networks With Relays

In this letter, we propose a novel approach for dynamically selecting an optimal relay mode and optimal transmission power levels in non-orthogonal multiple access wireless networks with relays. To maximize the network throughput, the proposed approach alternates between the one-relay mode and the two-relay mode based on channel state information. For the two-relay mode, we derive novel closed-form results on optimal power control. Unlike in a conventional one-hop network, it is not always optimal to allocate all power to the relay with the largest channel gain in the studied two-hop network. Based on the closed-form results, one could determine the optimal power levels quickly. Simulation results show that the proposed approach could significantly increase the network throughput.
Investigation of low compressive strengths of concrete in paving, precast and structural concrete

This research examines the causes for a high incidence of catastrophically low compressive strengths, primarily on structural concrete, during the 1997 construction season. The source for the low strengths was poor aggregate-paste bond associated with air void clusters and poorly formed cement paste in the interfacial region adjacent to the aggregate. An interaction between the "synthetic" air entraining admixtures, used as substitutes for vinsol resin, and low alkali cements was directly tied to the problem with high summertime temperatures also contributing to the problem. The "synthetics" appear to be more hydrophobic, form thinner-walled air bubbles and develop rapid draining bubble flocculations more readily than vinsol resin, all of which can lead to significant reductions in strength. As an interim measure, the Department specified the sole use of vinsol resin air entraining agents along with water reducers, as needed, in April, 1998 and these measures have minimized the incidence of low strengths. Petrographic analysis of cores taken from low strength concretes failed to reveal the causes of the low strength problem but SEM microscopy clearly showed the failure mechanism. Laboratory testing of concrete mixes with various air entraining admixtures demonstrated an interaction was taking place with one cement and petrographic and chemical analysis of the cements used in the testing implicated alkali sulfates as a potential source of the interaction. Testing of the "synthetic" air entraining admixtures showed they have substantially different properties compared to vinsol resins. Mixtures of the "synthetics" and vinsol resin with 50% or more vinsol resin behaved similarly to vinsol alone.
Comparison of thallium(I) complexes with mesityl-substituted tris(pyrazolyl)hydroborate ligands, [Tl{HB(3-Ms-5-Mepz)3}] and [Tl{HB(3-Ms-5-Mepz)2(3-Me-5-Mspz)}].

Tris(pyrazolyl)borate (scorpionate) ligands can be considered as the most prolific ligands in contemporary coordination chemistry due to the availability of various steric and electronic substituents at the pyrazolyl rings that allow fine-tuning of the open-coordination site for metal centres. The thallium(I) complexes of anionic tridentate-chelating scorpionate ligands, namely [tris(3-mesityl-5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-κN2)hydroborato]thallium(I) monohydrate, [Tl(C39H46BN6)]·H2O, (I), and [bis(3-mesityl-5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-κN2)(5-mesityl-3-methyl-1H-pyrazol-1-yl-κN2)hydroborato]thallium(I), [Tl(C39H46BN6)], (II), show a {TlIN3} coordination, with average TlI-N bond lengths of 2.53 and 2.55 Å in (I) and (II), respectively. The overall TlI coordination geometry is distorted trigonal pyramidal, with the average N-TlI-N angle being approximately 73° for both. The dihedral angle between the planes of the pyrazolyl and benzene rings of the mesityl group is 82° in (I), while the corresponding angles in (II) are in the range 64-104°. The structural differences between the two ligands are expected to contribute to the different reactivities of the transition metal coordination complexes towards activation of small molecules such as dioxygen and ethylene.