Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Comparison of Indoor MIMO Measurements and Ray-Tracing at 24 and 2.55 GHz

Colocated $4\times 4$ multiple-input multiple-output measurements at 2.55 and 24 GHz are presented for two university buildings consisting of classrooms and offices. Link gain in hallways and connected laboratories looks similar at the two frequencies when the effect of lower effective receive antenna aperture with increasing frequency is removed. Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation through a wall or around hallway corners exhibits approximately 5–20 dB (11 dB on average) greater loss beyond the 20 dB aperture loss at 24 GHz compared to that at 2.55 GHz. Fixed directional antennas increase path loss (PL) by an average of 13 dB when misaligned. Capacity for normalized signal-to-noise ratio is very similar in the two bands and is close to that for the optimal independent identically distributed case, indicating sufficient multipath for spatial multiplexing at 24 GHz. A ray-tracing study suggests that material loss must increase from 2.55 to 24 GHz to correctly predict the higher PL at 24 GHz in severely obstructed scenarios, indicating a need for future material characterization in high microwave bands. The results suggest that 24 GHz is a viable option to replace medium-range (10–30 m) NLOS wireless services currently operating at 2.4 GHz.
Translating Exercise Intentions into Behavior: Personality and Social Cognitive Correlates

The purpose of this study was to detail the variability found in the exercise intention–behavior relationship and investigate social cognitive and personality correlates of successful intention translation. Participants were 300 undergraduate students who completed measures of exercise social cognition (theory of planned behavior), personality (five-factor model) and a twoweek follow-up of exercise behavior. Results suggested intention translation at a frequency of zero was significantly more successful than intending to exercise at all other weekly frequencies. Moreover, intending to exercise one or two times per week resulted in better intention translation than intending to exercise four or more bouts per week. Discriminant function analysis and follow-up F-tests found instrumental attitude, affective attitude and perceived behavioral control (PBC) discriminated between nonintenders, unsuccessful intenders and successful intenders. Further, extroversion predicted unsuccessful intenders versus successful intenders. Results underscore the importance of attitude, PBC and extroversion as action control constructs in the exercise domain.
MITIGATING EFFECTS OF ZINGIBER OFFICINALE AGAINST REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY INDUCED BY DICHLOROVOS IN MALE RATS

Objective: Aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Z. officinalein mitigating oxidative damage and reproductive toxicity in the testis, induced by chronic dichlorovos administration in male Wistar rats.Methods: Twenty four adult male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of 6 rats in each group. Group I received olive oil (1 ml/ kg bwt/day) and served as control group, while Group II was administered dichlorovos (20 mg/kg bwt/day) and Group III & IV received a combination of dichlorovos (20 mg/kg bwt) andZingiber officinale (ginger) extract (100 & 200 mg/kg bwt) for 45 days. At the end of the treatment period, the rats were sacrificed.Results: The weight of the reproductive organs and serum FSH, LH and testosterone levels were assayed. Lipid peroxidation (LPO) (indexed by MDA) and antioxidants enzymes GSH, SOD, CAT were also analysed. Dichlorovos treatment decreased the weight of testis, epididymis, prostate and seminal vesicle as well as the serumlevels of FSH, LH and testosterone. There was a decrease in the activities of GSH, SOD and CAT as well as an increase in MDA concentration.Conclusion: Co-administration of aqueous extract ofZingiber officinalewith dichlorovos showed protective effect and increases the reproductive organs weight and enhancesserum hormones level along with increased antioxidants activities and reduced lipid peroxidation. This indicates that Zingiber officinale mitigates reproductive toxicity and oxidative damage induced by dichlorovos exposure due to its antioxidant activity in the testes.
Evaluating haptics for information discovery while walking

In this article we describe and evaluate a novel, low interaction cost approach to supporting the spontaneous discovery of geo-tagged information while on the move. Our mobile haptic prototype helps users to explore their environment by providing directional vibrotactile feedback based on the presence of location data. We conducted a study to investigate whether users can find these targets while walking, comparing their performance when using only haptic feedback to that when using an equivalent visual system. The results are encouraging, and here we present our findings, discussing their significance and issues relevant to the design of future systems that combine haptics with location awareness.
Pathophysiological Role of Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 in a Mouse Long-Lasting Cystitis Model Induced by an Intravesical Injection of Hydrogen Peroxide

Chronic inflammatory bladder disorders, such as interstitial cystitis/bladder pain syndrome, are associated with poor quality of life. The exact pathological processes remain unclear, but accumulating evidence suggests that reactive oxidative species (ROS) are involved in urinary bladder disorders. Transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), the most sensitive TRP channel to ROS, was shown to be responsible for urinary bladder abnormalities and hyperalgesia in an acute cystitis model. However, the roles of TRPA1 in chronic inflammatory bladder are not fully understood. We previously established a novel mouse cystitis model induced by intravesical injection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), resulting in long-lasting frequent urination, bladder inflammation, pain-related behavior, and histopathological changes. In the present study, we investigated the pathophysiological role of TRPA1 in the H2O2-induced long-lasting cystitis mouse model. Under anesthesia, 1.5% H2O2 solution was introduced transurethrally into the bladder of female wild-type (WT) and TRPA1-knockout mice and maintained for 30 min. This increased the number of voids in WT mice at 1 and 7 days after injection, but reduced the number in TRPA1-knockout mice at 1 day but not 7 days after injection. Spontaneous locomotor activities (increase in freezing time and decrease in distance moved) were reduced at 3 h after injection in WT mice, whereas the spontaneous visceral pain-related behaviors were attenuated in TRPA1-knockout mice. Furthermore, upregulation of c-fos mRNA in the spinal cord at 1 day after injection was observed in WT but not TRPA1-knockout mice. However, there was no difference in histopathological changes in the urinary bladder, such as edematous thickening in the submucosa, between WT and TRPA1-knockout mice at 1 or 7 days after injection. Finally, Trpa1 mRNA levels in the L5-S1 dorsal root ganglion were not altered, but levels in the urinary bladder were drastically increased at 1 and 7 days after injection. Taken together, these results suggest that TRPA1 contributes to acute bladder hyperactivity such as frequent urination and bladder pain, but does not appear to play a major role in the pathological processes of long-lasting cystitis.
Central venous lines in haemophilia

Summary. Infections and technical problems are the most frequent complications when using implantable central venous access devices in patients with haemophilia. There are two major experiences reported concerning infections in noninhibitor patients: one is approximately 0.2 infections per 1000 days and the other approximately 1.0 (0.7–1.6) per 1000 days. Infections are more frequent in inhibitor patients and approximately one infection per 6–12 months of use can be expected. The figures are low for clinically apparent thrombosis in the larger series on record, but routine venograms were not carried out in most of these series. In studies where this has been done, a high frequency of abnormalities on venograms has been seen in some but not in others. The final decision to use a central line has to take into account the medical goal, the patient's bleeding tendency, the social situation and the expected risk of complications at the particular haemophilia centre. Some of the complications may be reduced by adequate aseptic measures both during implantation and in subsequent use, and by clear basic routines for surveillance of the systems and repeated education of the users.
Adrenal venous sampling in primary aldosteronism: a low dilution of adrenal venous blood is crucial for a correct interpretation of the results

Objective In primary aldosteronism, adrenal venous sampling (AVS) is essential for subtype differentiation as it evaluates aldosterone secretion from both adrenals. Selectivity of adrenal sampling is assessed by the ratio of cortisol concentrations in adrenal venous blood and inferior vena cava blood (Cadrenal/Civc). Since the criteria for selective adrenal sampling differ among the reported literature, we performed a study to evaluate the influence of different selectivity criteria on AVS results. Design and methods Reports of AVS were screened retrospectively. All AVS were performed with cosyntrophin infusion. Reports containing samples with Cadrenal/Civc≥10 taken from both adrenals and at least one other adrenal sample characterised by Cadrenal/Civc≥1.1 were enrolled. For each individual, we chose reference samples that were defined by the highest Cadrenal/Civc achieved from each adrenal. The significance of the remaining samples with Cadrenal/Civc≥1.1 was analysed in regard to their respective reference samples. We assessed the impact of analysed samples on identification of lateralisation of aldosterone secretion that is crucial for decisions concerning adrenalectomy. Results AVS reports of 87 patients were enrolled. A total of 225 adrenal samples were analysed and divided into five groups according to Cadrenal/Civc:1.1–1.99, 2–2.99, 3–4.99, 5–9.99 and ≥10. By comparing reference with analysed samples, a concordant assessment with respect to lateralisation of aldosterone secretion was observed in 39, 52, 72, 85 and 94% of the respective groups of analysed samples. Conclusion AVS provides consistent information when adrenal samples with high cortisol concentrations are used.
Diagnosis and management of iatrogenic endoscopic perforations: European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Position Statement

This Position Paper is an official statement of the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE). It addresses the diagnosis and management of iatrogenic perforation occurring during diagnostic or therapeutic digestive endoscopic procedures. Main recommendations 1 ESGE recommends that each center implements a written policy regarding the management of iatrogenic perforation, including the definition of procedures that carry a high risk of this complication. This policy should be shared with the radiologists and surgeons at each center. 2 In the case of an endoscopically identified perforation, ESGE recommends that the endoscopist reports: its size and location with a picture; endoscopic treatment that might have been possible; whether carbon dioxide or air was used for insufflation; and the standard report information. 3 ESGE recommends that symptoms or signs suggestive of iatrogenic perforation after an endoscopic procedure should be carefully evaluated and documented, possibly with a computed tomography (CT) scan, in order to prevent any diagnostic delay. 4 ESGE recommends that endoscopic closure should be considered depending on the type of perforation, its size, and the endoscopist expertise available at the center. A switch to carbon dioxide insufflation, the diversion of luminal content, and decompression of tension pneumoperitoneum or tension pneumothorax should also be done. 5 After closure of an iatrogenic perforation using an endoscopic method, ESGE recommends that further management should be based on the estimated success of the endoscopic closure and on the general clinical condition of the patient. In the case of no or failed endoscopic closure of the iatrogenic perforation, and in patients whose clinical condition is deteriorating, hospitalization and surgical consultation are recommended.
Efficient schema matching algorithm based on pre-checking

Matching, which is an operation that applies a substitution to one representation to make it identical to another representation, is indispensable for knowledge processing. In this paper, we formulate generalized knowledge, which is referred to as a schema, as a second-order logical formula and discuss schema matching, which is a matching of that schema and a first-order logical formula. First, we formulate the schema matching algorithm based on the imitation, projection, and unification operations of the second-order matching algorithm. Generally, there is an exponential number of matching substitutions (or simply matchers) for schema matching. However, from a knowledge processing viewpoint, obtaining the optimum matcher is more important than obtaining all matchers. Therefore, in this paper, we introduce pre-checking for checking the applicability of projection in advance to efficiently extract matchers that preserve the syntax information of the schema and design a complete schema matching algorithm. Finally, we implement this algorithm and use experimental results to show that efficiency is improved. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Comp Jpn, 38(4): 84–92, 2007; Published online in Wiley InterScience (). DOI 10.1002sscj. 10273
Increased incident hip fractures in postmenopausal women with moderate to severe pelvic organ prolapse

Objective:The aim of this study was to examine the association between fracture and pelvic organ prolapse (POP) in postmenopausal women enrolled in the Women's Health Initiative Estrogen Plus Progestin trial. Methods:POP was assessed as cystocele, rectocele, or uterine prolapse and was graded as either "absent to mild" or "moderate to severe. " Cox proportional hazard analyses (adjusting for age, body mass index, race, asthma, emphysema, thyroid disease, family history of fracture, regular menses, age at menopause, nulliparity, history of hormone therapy [HT], history of falls, socioeconomic status, calcium, and vitamin D supplementation and physical activity) explored the relationships between moderate to severe POP and incident bone fractures. Results:Moderate- to severe-grade POP was identified in almost 8% of women (n = 1,192). During a follow-up duration of 7.41 (2.18) years (mean [SD]), 2,156 incident fractures were observed; the most common fracture site was the lower arm (n = 615; 28.51%) followed by the hip (n = 205; 9.51%). Adjusted analyses confirmed moderate to severe POP (of any type) as an independent risk factor for incident hip fractures (hazard ratio [HR], 1.83; 95% CI, 1.16-2.89; P = 0.010). On analyses stratified by assigned treatment (HT vs placebo), moderate to severe rectocele emerged as an independent predictor of incident spine (HR, 2.61; 95% CI, 1.04-6.56; P = 0.042) and lower arm fractures (HR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.06-3.29; P = 0.030) in the placebo group. Conclusions:We identify moderate to severe POP (any type) in postmenopausal women as a risk factor for hip fracture; moderate to severe rectocele holds an additional risk of spine and lower arm fractures in women not taking HT.
The impact of interest and strategy use on memory performance for child, adolescent, and adult learners

Deux experiences ont examine l'impact de l'interet et de l'utilisation des strategies sur la performance de la memoire des enfants (âge(e)s de 10 a 11 ans, Experience 2 seulement), des adolescents et adolescentes (âge(e)s de 14 a 15 ans) et, les jeunes adultes (âge(e)s de 19 a 20 ans). Dans les deux experiences, les eleves (N=98 et N=188, respectivement) furent assignes au hasard a l'une des deux d'etudes strategiques et furent obliges d'apprendre des faits au sujet des animaux. Tous les eleves completerent un questionnaire concernant leur interet par rapport aux animaux. L'Experience 1 demontre que les eleves repondant aux questions du genre pourquoi (une strategie d'interrogation elaborative) retenaient davantage que ceux et celles qui repetaient des faits. L'Experience 2 demontre que les enfants, les adolescents et les adolescentes qui utilisaient l'interrogation elaborative possedaient une memoire plus performante pour les faits concernant les animaux familiers que leurs pairs qui avaient choisi leurs propres strategies d'etude. Les jeunes adultes ont demontre une performance egale dans les deux conditions experimentales. D'une importance decisive, dans les deux experiences, l'interet individuel predisait la performance de la memoire pour les faits concernant les animaux familiers seulement dans le cas des adolescents et les adolescentes.
Linking Anger Trait with Somatization in Low-Grade College Students: Moderating Roles of Family Cohesion and Adaptability

Background Between 22% and 58% of patients in primary care settings complain of somatic symptoms. Previous research has found that somatization was associated with anger traits and family functions. However, studies that specifically assess the moderating effect of family function in how anger traits become somatic complaints are lacking. Aim This study was designed to examine whether the variances in family cohesion and family adaptability moderated the strength of the relationship between anger traits and somatization. Methods A cross-section design was conducted and 2008 college students were recruited from a comprehensive university in Shanghai. All participants finished questionnaires including Symptom Check List- 90 (SCL-90), State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory 2 (STAXI-2, Chinese version) and Family Adaptability and Cohesion Scale, second edition (FACES II, Chinese Version) to assess their degree of current somatization, anger trait and family function. Hierarchical linear regression analysis (Enter) was conducted respectively for men and women to examine the moderation effect of family cohesion and family adaptability in the association between anger and somatization. Results Somatic symptoms were significantly linked in the expected directions with depression and anger trait for both genders. Family cohesion and family adaptability were negatively associated with somatic symptoms. For female college students family cohesion was found to moderate the link between anger trait and somatization, but for male college students the moderation effect of family cohesion was marginally significant. The moderating role of family adaptability was significant for neither male nor female after current depressive symptoms were accounted for. Conclusion Proneness to anger is an independent predictor of somatization. For women, a high level of family cohesion was a protective factor which could reduce the influence of anger trait on somatic symptoms. Without comorbidity of current depression, family adaptability to some degree exempted individuals with anger proneness from developing somatic complaints. Interventions that integrate family cohesion cultivation, family flexibility fostering and depression treatment might be more effective for somatic patients high in anger trait.
Transient Hyperoxia and Residual Cerebrovascular Effects in the Newborn Rat

Unrestricted use of oxygen in the delivery room after preterm birth has been associated with reduced cerebral blood flow (CBF) 2 h later. To further investigate residual cerebrovascular effects of transient hyperoxia, we developed a newborn rat model in which laser-Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) were used to monitor changes in cerebral perfusion. The hypothesis to be tested was that hyperoxic exposure limits cerebral vasodilation in response to increase in carbon dioxide tension (Pco2). Twenty-four 3- to 5-d-old rats were kept on spontaneous breathing with doxapram under light isoflurane anesthesia, randomized into two groups, and exposed to either room air or 100% oxygen for 30 min. Then, after 15 min of stabilization in normoxia, 8% CO2 was given for 5 min. No significant differences in CO2 responses were observed between the two groups: mean CBF-CO2 reactivity as measured by NIRS was 13.3 ± 3.9 %/kPa in the normoxia-group versus 8.8 ± 4.1 %/kPa in the hyperoxia group (NS). The oxygenation index [(HbO2 − Hb)/2] increased by 0.67 ± 0.17 μmol/L/kPa in the normoxia group compared with 1.18 ± 0.19 μmol/L/kPa in the hyperoxia group (NS). Cortical perfusion, monitored by LDF, increased by 7.3 ± 1.5 %/kPa versus 6.8 ± 1.8 %/kPa in the normoxia and hyperoxia groups, respectively (NS). We conclude that in newborn rats the CBF-CO2 reactivity remains intact after 30 min of oxygen exposure.
Cross-layer attacks in wireless ad hoc networks 1

Denial of Service (DoS) attacks are dif- flcult to prevent and protect against. In this paper we focus on DoS attacks in wireless ad hoc networks that propagate from MAC to routing layer, causing breaking of critical routes. We present several tra-c patterns that an intelligent attacker can generate to cause Denial of Service attack in one or several nodes in ad hoc networks. More speciflcally, we focus on the properties of IEEE 802.11 MAC protocol and attack propagation to the routing layer. We focus on attacks that use low-rate tra-c patterns with the goal of dis- abling one or more speciflc nodes or partitioning the network. We propose a scheme for attack detection based on modelling of MAC protocols using Extended Finite State Machines (EFSM) and present general outline for an Intrusion Detection System that has the ability to generate attack patterns and check the validity of communication patterns in the network.
Clinical relevance of hepatitis B viral mutations

One third of the global population has been acutely infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV); less than 1% of patients with acute infection will develop fulminant hepatitis.1 Approximately 350 million people are chronic carriers of HBV.2,3 Of these, only 1% to 2% will annually spontaneously clear hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). 4 Ultimately, more than half of HBsAg-positive patients will die of hepatocellular carcinoma or liver failure.5 Viral and host factors, such as age, immunosuppression, and sex contribute to the patient outcome.1,6,7 Over the past decade, increasing attention has been focused on the contribution of variant HBV strains to the clinical course of acute or chronic infection. Mutant HBV could display enhanced virulence with increased levels of HBV replication, resistance to antiviral therapies (e.g., interferon-a or nucleoside analogues), facilitated cell attachment/ penetration, or alteration of epitopes important in the host immune response. Although it is difficult to dissect the contributions of the host immune response in comparison with those of the virus, several viral mutations appear to be associated with increased virulence including those in the precore, core, and pre-S2 regions. In addition, viral mutations may influence response to treatment: precore or core mutations may modulate response to interferon-a and treatmentemergent polymerase mutations may result in reduced sensitivity of viral replication to antiviral nucleoside analogues and, ultimately, diminished therapeutic response.