Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Employee, Mother, and Partner

Married couples consisting of female breadwinners and male primary caretakers are increasing in prevalence and visibility. However, little is known about the experiences of these families, particularly about salient challenges and dynamics related to this work–family arrangement. Through inductive qualitative analysis, the current study investigated the identity and adjustment experiences of this subset of working mothers. Fifty-one women responded to open-ended questions about their work and family experiences. The results highlighted psychological, vocational, and sociocultural phenomena related to this particular work–family arrangement including reasons guiding career and family decisions, positive and negative adjustment experiences, and perceptions of stigma. Relevant clinical and workplace policy implications also are provided.
Increased Silent Brain Infarction Accompanied With High Prevalence of Diabetes and Dyslipidemia in Psychiatric Inpatients: A Cross-Sectional Study.

OBJECTIVE Patients with schizophrenia have increased risk of atherosclerotic diseases. It is already known that lifestyle-related disorders and the use of antipsychotics are closely related with the progression of atherosclerosis in psychiatric patients. Stroke as well as coronary heart disease play an important role in the cause of death in Asia and Japan. Thus, we studied the prevalence of cerebrovascular disease in psychiatric inpatients in Japan using brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHOD This cross-sectional study was performed from January 2012 to December 2013. Study participants were 152 hospitalized patients (61 men and 91 women) in the Department of Psychiatry at Kohnodai Hospital, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Ichikawa City, Japan. Mean ages were 50.0 and 57.1 years old for men and women, respectively. The diagnoses (DSM-IV-TR criteria) of participants were schizophrenia (69.1%), mood disorder (18.4%), and other mental disorders (12.5%). We checked physical status, metabolic status of glucose and lipid levels, and brain MRI within 1 week of admission. RESULTS The study group showed a significantly high prevalence of diabetes and low high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterolemia in both sexes (n = 61 in men, n = 91 in women, P < .05). In the study group, serum fasting plasma glucose and hemoglobin A1c levels were significantly high (n = 152, P < .05), but serum HDL cholesterol and total cholesterol were significantly low in both sexes (n = 61 in men, n = 90 in women, P < .05), and triglycerides were low in men (n = 61, P < .05). Silent brain infarction was recognized at a higher rate (n = 98, P < .05) compared with healthy controls. CONCLUSIONS Participants in this study had an increased ratio of silent brain infarction compared with Japanese healthy controls, accompanied with higher ratios of diabetes and low HDL cholesterol.
Prevalence and Molecular Characterization of Structural Hemoglobin Variants in the Dongguan Region of Guangdong Province, Southern China

Abstract The aim of the present study was to find the most prevalent structural hemoglobin (Hb) variants in southern China and to present hematological and molecular data of abnormal Hbs in the population from southern China. The type and frequency of structural Hb variants and their hematological and molecular characteristics were identified in 131 individuals from 30,848 unrelated partners who were referred to the prenatal clinic of Dongguan Maternal & Children Health Hospital, Dongguan, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China (PRC) from 2011 to 2013. α-Globin or β-globin chain variants were screened using a capillary electrophoresis (CE) system, and α-globin or β-globin gene mutations were confirmed using sequencing techniques. The gene frequency of Hb variants was 0.4% (131/30,848). The most common α-globin variants were Hb Constant Spring (Hb CS, HBA2: c.427T > C) (0.2%), followed by Hb Q-Thailand (HBA1: c.223G > C) and Hb G-Honolulu (HBA2: c.91G > C). The most common β-globin variant was Hb E (HBB: c.79G > A) (0.09%), followed by Hb New York (HBB: c.341T > A). Our results provide a detailed prevalence and molecular characterization of abnormal Hbs in the population of the Dongguan region. These findings have important implications for a region with a high frequency of α- and β-thalassemias.
Personalized cytomic assessment of vascular health: Evaluation of the vascular health profile in diabetes mellitus

An inexpensive and accurate blood test does not currently exist that can evaluate the cardiovascular health of a patient. This study evaluated a novel high dimensional flow cytometry approach in combination with cytometric fingerprinting (CF), to comprehensively enumerate differentially expressed subsets of pro‐angiogenic circulating progenitor cells (CPCs), involved in the repair of vasculature, and microparticles (MPs), frequently involved in inflammation and thrombosis. CF enabled discovery of a unique pattern, involving both MPs and CPCs and generated a personalized signature of vascular health, the vascular health profile (VHP).
Measurement and Predictive Invariance of a Work–Life Boundary Measure Across Gender

Pervasive gender norms influence the way in which men and women create and experience work–life boundaries and work–life conflict, which may lead to differing conceptions of work–life boundary management. Measurement equivalence/invariance (ME/I) and predictive invariance analyses were conducted on the WorkLife IndicatorTM (WLI), a measure of work–life boundary management, to determine if men and women maintain similar conceptualizations of work–life boundary constructs and if work–life outcomes are predicted equally well by WLI scales across gender. Three of the five WLI scales exhibited ME/I; however, half of the WLI scale–criterion pairings failed to demonstrate predictive invariance. These results indicate that measurement and/or predictive invariance cannot be assumed when using work–life boundary assessments across gender.
Exploring relationships with grade level, gender and language proficiency in the foreign language learning strategy use of children and early adolescents

Given that most of the existing studies of strategy use in learning EFL concerned adult learners, this study focused on elementary and middle school students. Having tested a significant number of children and early adolescents (N = 1302) from a wide range of school grades (4th to 9th), this study explored the differentiation of learning strategies use and preferences across grade and age (9 to 16 years), gender and perceived proficiency in learning EFL. It has found that, in general, the frequency of use declined as students grow older but their strategy preferences remained the same. Only the use of compensation strategies was reported to increase with proceeding age. Also, no differentiation in frequency of the compensation strategies use was noticed between genders, as was found in the other five strategy categories. Regarding the interaction of age with gender, females consistently outperformed males in the reported strategy use, in all grade levels and categories except for the social. Students' most preferred category of strategies was the metacognitive and least preferred was the memory. Finally, a significant relationship between strategy use and perceived level of English language proficiency was found, with high-level students using strategies more frequently than intermediate and low-level students.
Relationships Between Enrollment in an Inclusive Class and Preschool Children's Ideas about People with Disabilities

This research examines the relationships between participation in an inclusive preschool program, children's understanding of disabilities, and their acceptance of children with disabilities. Subjects were preschool children enrolled in regular (n = 31) and inclusive (n = 29) programs. Children's understanding of competencies associated with specific disabilities, and their general acceptance of others, were assessed using interview questions and dolls. Children were interviewed to learn their ideas about the immediate and long-term consequences of physical and sensory disabilities. In addition, children provided ratings of the social acceptance of hypothetical children with and without disabilities. Children in inclusive classes had more knowledge about long-term consequences of disabilities than did children in regular preschool classes. In addition, children in inclusive settings gave significantly higher acceptance ratings to children with and without disabilities than did children in regular preschool classes. Finally, it was found that children's knowledge of disabilities, their overall acceptance of individuals without disabilities, and their participation in an inclusive class contributed significantly and independently to their acceptance of children with disabilities.
Classification of Marital Relationships: An Empirical Approach.

The purpose of this study was to derive an empirically based classification system of marital relationships, employing a multidimensional self-report measure of marital interaction. Spouses'profiles on the Marital Satisfaction Inventory for samples of 89 clinic and 89 nonclinic couples were subjected to cluster analysis, resulting in separate five-group typologies for husbands and wives. Replication offour offive clusters across sex supported the robustness of the procedures used in the derivation of profile types. Clinicians' ratings of each spouse on an extensive checklist were factor-analyzed to generate independent dimensions of marital functioning; subsequent analyses of variance confirmed the convergent and discriminant validity of the cluster-typologies across these independent criteria. Conditional and joint probabilities of husbands' and wives' profile types facilitated an empirical framework for classifying marital dyads. Implications for clinical intervention and research are discussed.
Learning parameterized motor skills on a humanoid robot

We demonstrate a sample-efficient method for constructing reusable parameterized skills that can solve families of related motor tasks. Our method uses learned policies to analyze the policy space topology and learn a set of regression models which, given a novel task, appropriately parameterizes an underlying low-level controller. By identifying the disjoint charts that compose the policy manifold, the method can separately model the qualitatively different sub-skills required for solving distinct classes of tasks. Such sub-skills are useful because they can be treated as new discrete, specialized actions by higher-level planning processes. We also propose a method for reusing seemingly unsuccessful policies as additional, valid training samples for synthesizing the skill, thus accelerating learning. We evaluate our method on a humanoid iCub robot tasked with learning to accurately throw plastic balls at parameterized target locations.
Disease-associated GPR56 Mutations Cause Bilateral Frontoparietal Polymicrogyria via Multiple Mechanisms*

Loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding G protein-coupled receptor 56 (GPR56) lead to bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria (BFPP), an autosomal recessive disorder affecting brain development. The GPR56 receptor is a member of the adhesion-GPCR family characterized by the chimeric composition of a long ectodomain (ECD), a GPCR proteolysis site (GPS), and a seven-pass transmembrane (7TM) moiety. Interestingly, all identified BFPP-associated missense mutations are located within the extracellular region of GPR56 including the ECD, GPS, and the extracellular loops of 7TM. In the present study, a detailed molecular and functional analysis of the wild-type GPR56 and BFPP-associated point mutants shows that individual GPR56 mutants most likely cause BFPP via different combination of multiple mechanisms. These include reduced surface receptor expression, loss of GPS proteolysis, reduced receptor shedding, inability to interact with a novel protein ligand, and differential distribution of the 7TM moiety in lipid rafts. These results provide novel insights into the cellular functions of GPR56 receptor and reveal molecular mechanisms whereby GPR56 mutations induce BFPP.
New Insights into the Pros and Cons of the Clinical Use of Vitamin K Antagonists (VKAs) Versus Direct Oral Anticoagulants (DOACs)

Vitamin K-antagonists (VKA) are the most widely used anticoagulant drugs to treat patients at risk of arterial and venous thrombosis for the past 50 years. Due to unfavorable pharmacokinetics VKA have a small therapeutic window, require frequent monitoring, and are susceptible to drug and nutritional interactions. Additionally, the effect of VKA is not limited to coagulation, but affects all vitamin K-dependent proteins. As a consequence, VKA have detrimental side effects by enhancing medial and intimal calcification. These limitations stimulated the development of alternative anticoagulant drugs, resulting in direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) drugs, which specifically target coagulation factor Xa and thrombin. DOACs also display non-hemostatic vascular effects via protease-activated receptors (PARs). As atherosclerosis is characterized by a hypercoagulable state indicating the involvement of activated coagulation factors in the genesis of atherosclerosis, anticoagulation could have beneficial effects on atherosclerosis. Additionally, accumulating evidence demonstrates vascular benefit from high vitamin K intake. This review gives an update on oral anticoagulant treatment on the vasculature with a special focus on calcification and vitamin K interaction.
Parental Shaming and Adolescent Delinquency: A Partial Test of Reintegrative Shaming Theory

Abstract The past decade has seen an increase in the application of Braithwaite's reintegrative shaming theory as a framework for restorative justice programs. However, to date the theory has received little empirical attention. The current study set out to contribute to the empirical testing of the theory by exploring the appropriateness of the causal model put forward by Braithwaite. One-hundred-and-seventy Year 9 and Year 10 high school students from 2 government high schools in the Australian Capital Territory completed a survey capturing projected delinquency, delinquent peers and family processes. Principal component analysis found an overlap between aspects of shaming with reintegration and stigmatisation. Furthermore, not all facets of reintegration and stigmatisation were found to be discrete concepts. Results from subsequent structural equation modelling were largely supportive of RST, particularly the theory's emphasis on the harmful effects of stigmatisation and the beneficial effects of reintegration. However, shaming, as defined in the theory, may not affect predatory crime in the way it is predicted by RST.
Frequent Behavioral Delay Tendencies By Adults

Adult men (n = 582) and women (n = 765) from six nations (Spain, Peru, Venezuela, the United Kingdom, Australia, and the United States) completed two reliable and valid measures of chronic procrastination. Because both arousal and avoidant procrastination types were significantly related across the entire sample (r = .72, p < .001) and within each national sample, regression analyses calculated “pure” arousal and “pure” avoidant procrastinators, controlling for the scale scores of the other scale. Results indicated no significant sex or nationality differences within and between nations on self-reported arousal or avoidant procrastination. Overall, 13.5% and 14.6% of men and women self-identified as either arousal or avoidant procrastinators, respectively. These findings suggest that the tendency toward frequent delays in starting or completing tasks may be prevalent across diverse populations in spite of their distinct cultural values, norms, and practices.
PicMemory: Enriching Intergenerational Family Interaction and Memory Collection

The goals of this study are to create opportunities for enriching the family interaction and collaboratively collecting family stories among family members. We present PicMemory, an interactive mobile application for bridging the gaps of technology familiar between the older and the younger generations in the intergenerational family. We purpose three functions: (1) Multi-model story collection; (2) Collaborative memory organization; and (3) Enriched family interaction, to facilitate the communication and memory collection within the family. In this demonstration, we extend the concepts of enriching conference experience by collecting participants' feedback and organizing the memories of the conference. We are looking forward to seeing the PicMemory can be used to interact with all participants, and willing to hearing about any interesting user experiences. Meanwhile, we will collect user feedback to inform our future directions of the PicMemory.
Identities and Inequalities for Tree Entropy

The notion of tree entropy was introduced by the author as a normalized limit of the number of spanning trees in finite graphs, but is defined on random infinite rooted graphs. We give some new expressions for tree entropy; one uses Fuglede–Kadison determinants, while another uses effective resistance. We use the latter to prove that tree entropy respects stochastic domination. We also prove that tree entropy is non-negative in the unweighted case, a special case of which establishes Lück's Determinant Conjecture for Cayley-graph Laplacians. We use techniques from the theory of operators affiliated to von Neumann algebras.
Intratest and Intertest Reliability and Stability of the Wisc, Wisc-R, and Wais Full Scale Iqs in a Mentally Retarded Population

The reliability and stability of the Full Scale IQ scores of retarded adolescents and young adults on 3 Wechsler Scales were measured. For mean retest intervals ranging from about 1.75 to 3.5 years, intratest reliability and constancy were reasonably good, although a significant rise in mean IQ was found for the WISC-R retest. Intertest reliability was also inadequate, but intertest constancy was not. The mean WISC-R IQ was significantly lower than the mean WISC IQ, and both were dramatically lower than the mean WAIS IQ. Comparisons are made with previous findings and implications of these results are discussed.
Identification With Characters, Elaboration, and Counterarguing in Entertainment-Education Interventions Through Audiovisual Fiction

The aim of this article is to further knowledge of the explanatory processes of narrative persuasion in the field of health communication, using data obtained in a research study of entertainment-education based on audiovisual fiction. Participating in the study were 208 young persons between the ages of 14 and 20, randomly distributed to three different groups. Each of the groups was exposed to a different episode of the Colombian television series Revelados, desde todas las posiciones. The results showed that greater identification with the main character of the episode transmitting a prevention message was associated with greater cognitive elaboration, which in turn led to more favorable attitudes toward the topics addressed. However, counterarguing was not observed to play a significant mediating role. The findings of this study allow us to conclude that getting people to think and reflect can help persuade them, which suggests that narrative persuasion models and dual models of rhetorical persuasion can be compatible in certain contexts, such as when messages are designed in such a way that characters make explicit arguments that endorse a prosocial message through dialogues.
Applicant Impression Management: Dispositional Influences and Consequences for Recruiter Perceptions of Fit and Similarity

This study investigates how applicant characteristics influence the use of impression management (IM) tactics in interviews, and how these behaviors affect interviewer perceptions of person-job fit (P-J fit) and applicant-interviewer similarity. Results from 72 applicants demonstrated that extraverted applicants made greater use of self-promotion during their interviews, while agreeableness was associated with non-verbal cues. Self-promotion was the IM tactic most strongly related to interviewers’ perceptions of P-J fit, whereas non-verbal IM influenced perceived similarity. The practical implications of these findings for applicant preparation are discussed, as well as concerns regarding the long-term effects of IM use on selection decision making.
Information Value Structure for Vacation Travel

This study explores vacation information value structure relating to resort guests. To delineate structures for the pretrip information value, five information value dimensions (utilitarian, risk avoidance, hedonic, sensation seeking, and social) are identified through an extensive review of the literature. Using the five value dimensions, the authors propose four models for pretrip information value structure and test them with confirmatory factor analyses. The first-order correlated factor model appears as the most valid framework for vacation travel-related information value structure, suggesting that the five dimensions of information value coexist and influence each other. The results indicate that a multidimensional vacation information value also exists.
Four-stage process model of the core factors of burnout: The role of work stressors and work-related resources

The impact of work stressors and work-related resources on emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, as the two core factors of burnout, is investigated. According to the German Action Regulation Theory work stressors are conceptualized as regulation problems that lead to work stress in terms of additional effort (e.g. working longer hours), increased intensity of effort (e.g. working at a faster pace), and risky action (e.g. by neglecting safety rules). Consequently, an extended process model consisting of objective work stressors, work stress, emotional exhaustion and depersonalization is proposed. Nurses from three general hospitals (N=482) provided data for evaluating this model. Complete mediation of work stress and emotional exhaustion were analysed by hierarchical regression analysis. The overall model was tested by structural equation analysis in two steps; in the first step the basic model was analysed while in the second step the model was extended by autonomy as a work-related resource. The process model could be confirmed with respect to: (1) the mediating function of work stress and emotional exhaustion, and with regard to (2) the direct impact of autonomy as a work-related resource on work stressors but not on emotional exhaustion and depersonalization. Methodological considerations and implications for work design and burnout prevention are discussed.
Trainee and Beginning Teacher Attitude Stability and Change: Four Case Studies.

A number of researchers, including the present authors, have produced data and arguments supporting the generalization that, in attitudes towards a wide range of concepts concerned with education and schooling, a high level of stability characterizes groups of trainee and beginning teachers. Attitudes held at the commencement of training appear to be very resistant to change, and such changes as do occur during training tend largely to disappear in the course of the first teaching year. In this study the focus is on four individuals followed over two years and a considerable degree of attitude change is observed. Changes appear to be largely idiosyncratic, and those occurring during the first teaching year much influenced by the beginning teacher's particular situation, and the way in which the school community accepts the new teacher.