Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analysis of interleukin-1a level in the severity of chronic periodontitis influenced by smoking habit

The accumulation of plaque that triggers the inflammatory and immune responses to bacterial plaque is a major cause of gingivitis and periodontitis. Chronic periodontitis is an infectious disease that causes inflammation of tissues supporting the teeth. The role of interleukin-1α (IL-1α) in chronic periodontitis and in smokers is unclear. This study aimed to analyse the IL-1α level in two categories, namely in chronic periodontitis and also in the smoker. A cross-sectional study of 104 subjects with chronic periodontitis, aged 33–78 years old, was conducted in the Teaching Dental Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia. Clinical data (Oral Hygiene Index score, pocket depth and Clinical Attachment Level), smoking status and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected, and the IL-1α level was detected by the ELISA test. No significant differences in the IL-1α level were found between the periodontitis groups of smokers and nonsmokers (p=.70). No significant differences were also found between the group of smokers with mild–moderate and the severe periodontitis group (p=.06). Conversely, significant differences were observed in the group of non-smokers with mild–moderate periodontitis and the severe periodontitis group (p=.02). A relationship exists between the IL-1α level and the severity of chronic periodontitis but not smoking status. Clinical article (J Int Dent Med Res 2017; 10(Special Issue): pp.429-433)
Abstract: Internalization of higher education is one of the important transformation processes of developing countries towards globalization. Further, globalization and democratization of higher education in Malaysia has raised much interest among educators

Internalization of higher education is one of the important transformation processes of developing countries towards globalization. Further, globalization and democratization of higher education in Malaysia has raised much interest among educators and researchers to understand this phenomenon. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to survey the adaptation needs of international students within their academic and social communities in Malaysian universities. This study was aimed at investigating the relationship between self-efficacy and socio-cultural adjustment. The sample consisted of 185 (100 females, 85 males) international students in the university. The socio-cultural adjustment and self-efficacy dimensions of university international students were measured using the SocioCultural Adjustment Scale (SCAS) developed by Ward and Kennedy (1999) and the General Self-Efficacy Scale (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995), respectively. Correlational analysis was employed to analyze data. Self-efficacy was not correlated with all dimensions of sociocultural adjustment (cultural empathy, impersonal endeavors, and cultural relatedness).
Short-Term Response of Soil Spiders to Cover-Crop Removal in an Organic Olive Orchard in a Mediterranean Setting

Abstract This study shows that disturbance caused by cover-crop removal (CCR) in an organic olive orchard affects ground-spider populations. The effect of CCR on various organic olive-orchard plots was assessed by monitoring the abundance and diversity of ground-dwelling spiders. Covered plots in the organic olive orchard were compared with uncovered plots where the covers had been removed mechanically. CCR positively affected the most abundant spider species Zodarion styliferum (Simon) (Araneae: Zodariidae) as well as other species of running spiders belonging to the families Gnaphosidae and Lycosidae. Over time, the two types of plots did not significantly differ in diversity or dominance. Similarly, no differences were detected between the study plots in terms of the distribution of individuals when a cluster-similarity analysis was performed. This lack of difference in diversity might be due to the spatial scale used in the study or climatology. Because of their general effects, CCR profoundly changed the abundance of spiders in the olive orchard, but with no clear impact on spider diversity.
In Search of Board Independence: Former Employees, Shades of Gray and Director Classifications Revisited

In this paper, we show that a true measure of board independence requires a careful disentangling of both the functioning role of gray directors and the firm’s decision on whether to classify former employees as independent or gray. By reclassifying gray directors, we find that the likelihood of fraud significantly increases when a firm has former employees serving on its board of directors. These effects are particularly strong when these former employee directors have previously served with the current CEO, or when they assume important monitoring responsibilities by serving on the auditing and compensation committees. By contrast, we find that other “outside” gray directors are less associated with fraud. In this regard, we demonstrate that gray directors are not a monolithic group, and that there are important “shades of gray. ” Given this perspective, we construct a novel measure of a board’s functioning independence. In a broad series of empirical tests, we demonstrate that while there is no significant link between the traditional measure of independence and corporate fraud, there is a strong link between our measure of functional independence and the likelihood of fraud. We also demonstrate that fraud is more likely to occur when a firm uses its discretion to classify a former employee as an independent director. We argue that this is a relevant indicator of the firm’s relative conservatism, which is shown to be negatively correlated with the likelihood of fraud.
Respiratory findings in tobacco workers.

OBJECTIVES To screen for respiratory symptoms and lung function impairment in workers occupationally exposed to tobacco dust in a tobacco-processing plant. PARTICIPANTS One hundred twenty-one tobacco workers (97 women and 24 men) were included in the study. In addition, a group of 98 control workers (73 women and 25 men) were studied. METHODS Acute and chronic respiratory symptoms were recorded in all tobacco workers. Lung function was measured by recording the maximum expiratory flow-volume curves on which FVC, FEV(1), and flow rates at 50% of FVC (FEF(50)) and the last 25% of FVC (FEF(25)) were read. RESULTS There was a high prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms among these workers, and this prevalence was significantly higher in exposed female workers than in female or male control workers (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively). Occupational asthma was recorded in 6 female tobacco workers (6.2%) and in none of the control subjects (p < 0.05). None of the male workers were found to have occupational asthma. There was also a high prevalence of acute symptoms that were noted during the work shift (particularly for nose and throat dryness, as well as eye irritation). Among these tobacco workers, the odds ratios for respiratory symptoms were frequently significant for employment and smoking among male tobacco workers but were not significant in general for female tobacco workers. The ventilatory capacity data in tobacco workers showed statistically significant reductions in FEV(1), FEF(50), and FEF(25) in relation to predicted values. These reductions were demonstrated in smokers as well as in nonsmokers. Regression analysis suggested that there were significant changes according to employment status for FVC, FEV(1), and FEF(25) in female tobacco workers. Measurements of ventilatory capacity during the course of the work shift in 38 female tobacco workers demonstrated significant mean acute reductions in FEV(1) (-5.7%), in FEF(50) (-15.7%), and in FEF(25) (-23.4%). CONCLUSIONS Our data indicate that tobacco workers may develop respiratory disorders related to tobacco dust in their work environment.
Total Participation Management: Toward Psychological Determinants of Subjective Well-Being at Work

Aiming to determine which management practice has the strongest influence on the subjective well-being (SWB) of employees, three workplaces were assessed with reference to different levels of total participation management (TPM), an innovative approach to human resource management. The study examined whether the level of TPM is positively related with SWB, defined according to Diener’s (1984) affective and cognitive facets of work. The psychological explanation of the predicted dependence was the level of satisfaction of three basic needs (autonomy, competence and relatedness) distinguished by Deci and Ryan (2000a). The hypothesis about a positive relationship between SWB and TPM was confirmed. Results indicate that the least participative company has employees with the lowest subjective well-being and with the lowest satisfaction of basic psychological needs.
Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Au and Ag Nanoparticles. Breakthroughs and Perspectives

This review provides a broad look on the recent investigations on the synthesis, characterization and physico-chemical properties of noble metal nanoparticles, mainly gold and silver nanoparticles, stabilized with ligands of different chemical nature. A comprehensive review of the available literature in this field may be far too large and only some selected representative examples will be reported here, together with some recent achievements from our group, that will be discussed in more detail. Many efforts in finding synthetic routes have been performed so far to achieve metal nanoparticles with well-defined size, morphology and stability in different environments, to match the large variety of applications that can be foreseen for these materials. In particular, the synthesis and stabilization of gold and silver nanoparticles together with their properties in different emerging fields of nanomedicine, optics and sensors are reviewed and briefly commented.
Protecting Autonomy, Protecting Relatedness: Appraisal Patterns of Daily Anger and Shame in the United States and Japan

The present study tested the idea that U.S. and Japanese participants appraise anger and shame situations in line with the American concern for autonomy and the Japanese concern for relatedness, respectively. Sixty-five U.S. and 72 Japanese students participated in a 7-day diary study of anger and shame. Each day, participants reported their most important anger and shame incident and indicated whether they themselves or others were to be blamed (anger appraisals), and whether they focused on themselves or the opinion of others (shame appraisals). They also indicated whether they had experienced anger toward someone close or distant and whether their shame was publicly seen or privately felt. In line with the Japanese concern for protecting relatedness, Japanese compared to U.S. participants blamed themselves relatively more than others during anger situations with close others and focused on others rather than themselves during shame episodes that were publicly seen. Underlining the U.S. concern for protecting autonomy, Americans blamed others more than themselves during anger situations and focused more on themselves than others during shame situations.
Effects of Solution – Focused Group Counseling on Student’s Self – Regulation and academic achievement

The purpose of this study was to explore the effectiveness of solution -focused counseling on selfregulation and academic achievement of high school students. Solution-focused counseling was evaluated through control and experimental pretest – posttest group design. After seven sessions group counseling with students, the self–regulation and academic achievement of students in the counseling intervention group were significantly increased. Moreover, the findings indicated significant difference between control group and experimental group in post test results (p < 0/05).
Hemophagocytosis on Bone Marrow Aspirate Cytology: Single Center Experience in North Himalayan Region of India

Background: The differentiation of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) with other causes of hemophagocytosis is essential as HLH is life-threatening condition and requires definite clinical and biochemical criteria for its diagnosis. Aim: The present study was conducted to study hemophagocytosis on bone marrow aspirates and to observe if there is any difference on bone marrow examination between HLH and non HLH cases showing hemophagocytosis. Materials and Methods: The study reviewed all the cases of bone marrow aspirate for evidence of hemophagocytosis in which at least three smears and 500 nucleated cells were observed for every case. The cases were provisionally diagnosed as HLH according to the proposed HLH diagnostic criteria, 2009. Results: A total of 80 cases showed hemophagocytosis in the present study with infections followed by HLH being the most common cause. Pancytopenia and erythroid hyperplasis were common hematological presentation. Moderate to severe hemophagocytosis was observed in HLH cases while mild grade in non HLH cases. Conclusion: The study concludes that hemophagocytosis even if observed in single cell should always be documented in the bone marrow reports. It may be the only indicator of subtle infection in the marrow. Pancytopenia and higher grade of hemophagocytosis on bone marrow examination may be helpful in establishing an early differentiation of HLH and non HLH cases.
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES DISCLOSURE AND SUBSEQUENT INNOVATION : EVIDENCE FROM THE PATENT DEPOSITORY LIBRARY PROGRAM

How important is information disclosure through patents for subsequent innovation? Although disclosure is regarded as essential to the functioning of the patent system, legal scholars have expressed considerable skepticism about its value in practice. To adjudicate this issue, we examine the expansion of the USPTO Patent and Trademark Depository Library system between 1975 to 1997. Whereas the exclusion rights associated with patents are national in scope, the opening of these patent libraries during the pre-Internet era yielded regional variation in the costs to access the technical information (prior art) disclosed in patent documents. We find that after a patent library opens, local patenting increases by 17% relative to control regions that have Federal Depository Libraries. A number of additional analyses suggest that the disclosure of technical information in the patent documents is the mechanism underlying this boost in patenting: the response to patent libraries is significant and of important magnitude among young companies, library opening induces local inventors to cite more geographically distant and more technologically diverse prior art, and the library boost ceases to be present after the introduction of the Internet. We find that library opening is also associated with an increase in local business formation and job creation, which suggests that the impact of libraries is not limited to patenting outcomes. Taken together, our analyses provide evidence that the information disclosed in patent prior art plays an important role in supporting cumulative innovation. Jeffrey L. Furman Boston University Questrom School of Business 595 Commonwealth Ave #653a Boston, MA 02215 and NBER furman@bu.edu Markus Nagler Department of Economics University of Munich Akademiestr. 1/III 80799 Munich, Germany markus.nagler@econ.lmu. de Martin Watzinger Department of Economics University of Munich Akademiestr. 1/III, 80799 Munich, Germany martin.watzinger@lrz.uni-muenchen.de Patent law requires disclosure for the same reason that innovators dislike it: it is the vehicle by which technical knowledge is passed from the patenting firm to its competitors.
The Relationship of Trabecular and Cortical Bone Mineral Density to Spinal Fractures

Ito M, Hayashi K, Kawahara Y, Uetani M, Imaizumi Y. The relationship of trabecular and cortical bone mineral density to spinal fractures. Invest Radiol 1993;28:573-580. RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES.The relationships between trabecular, cortical, or integral bone mineral densities (BMD) to spontaneous vertebral fractures was investigated. METHODS.In 360 Japanese women, ranging from 20 to 83 years of age, vertebral trabecular and cortical BMD were measured using quantitative computed tomography (QCT). Among 46 oophorectomized women, BMD was measured using QCT and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). RESULTS.For patients in their sixth and seventh decades, those with fractures could be differentiated from those without fractures by measuring their trabecular BMD using QCT. Cortical BMD of women with fractures and trabecular BMD more than 80 mg/mL was significantly lower than that of women without fractures and trabecular BMD less than 70 mg/mL. CONCLUSIONS.Trabecular BMD can be a good predictor of spinal fracture. Cortical BMD may be important in cases with decreased trabecular BMD.
ect of di ff erent brightness conditions on visually and memory guided saccades

It is commonly assumed that saccades in the dark are slower than saccades in a lit room. Early studies that investigated this issue using electrooculography (EOG) often compared memory guided saccades in darkness to visually guided saccades in an illuminated room. However, later studies showed that memory guided saccades are generally slower than visually guided saccades. Research on this topic is further complicated by the fact that the different existing eyetracking methods do not necessarily lead to consistent measurements. In the present study, we independently manipulated task (memory guided/visually guided) and screen brightness (dark, medium and light) in an otherwise completely dark room, and measured the peak velocity and the duration of the participant’s saccades using a popular pupil-cornea reflection (p-cr) eyetracker (Eyelink 1000). Based on a critical reading of the literature, including a recent study using cornea-reflection (cr) eye tracking, we did not expect any velocity or duration differences between the three brightness conditions. We found that memory guided saccades were generally slower than visually guided saccades. In both tasks, eye movements on a medium and light background were equally fast and had similar durations. However, saccades on the dark background were slower and had shorter durations, even after we corrected for the effect of pupil size changes. This means that this is most likely an artifact of current pupil-based eye tracking. We conclude that the common assumption that saccades in the dark are slower than in the light is probably not true, however pupil-based eyetrackers tend to underestimate the peak velocity of saccades on very dark backgrounds, creating the impression that this might
Uterus transplantation in a non-human primate: long-term follow-up after autologous transplantation.

BACKGROUND Uterus transplantation (UTx) may provide the first available treatment for women affected by uterine infertility. The present study aimed to further develop a surgical technique for autologous UTx in a non-human primate species and to assess long-term function. METHODS Female baboons (n= 16) underwent autologous transplantation of the uterus with the Fallopian tubes and ovaries, performed with a previously published surgical technique (n= 6, Group 1) or using a modified technique (n= 10; Group 2). The uterine arteries were dissected to the proximal end of the anterior branch (Group 1) or the entire (Group 2) internal iliac artery, and the ovarian veins were dissected to the crossing over the ureter (Group 1) or further cranially to include greater lengths and patches of the cava/renal vein (Group 2). Back-table preparation created common venous and arterial ends with arterial anastomosis either end-to-side to the left external iliac artery (Group 1) or end-to-end to the left internal iliac artery (Group 2). RESULTS Overall short-time survival of the animals was 88% (66% in Group 1 and 100% in Group 2). Of all the operated animals, 75% (66% in Group 1 and 80% in Group 2) resumed ovarian cyclicity. Regular menstruation after UTx was demonstrated only in Group 2 (60%). Menstruating animals (n= 6) were each exposed to timed mating for ≥5 menstrual cycles, but pregnancy did not occur. Adhesions and tubal blockage were seen in post-mortem analysis. CONCLUSIONS The modified UTx model of Group 2 is a safe procedure and shows resumed long-term uterine function in a majority of the animals, although pregnancy could not be demonstrated.
Tilting Vessels and Collapsing Walls—On the Rhetorical Function of Anecdotes in Early Chinese Texts

Early Chinese argumentative texts are full of historical anecdotes. These short accounts of events in Chinese history enhance the appeal of the text, but they also have an important rhetorical function in helping the reader understand, accept, and remember the arguments propounded in the text. In this paper I examine the rhetorical function of historical anecdotes in two argumentative texts of the Western Han dynasty (202 bce-9 ce): Han’s Illustrations of the Odes for Outsiders and The Master of Huainan. These two texts found creative use for anecdotes, namely as illustrations of quotations from canonical sources. Through case studies of several combinations of anecdotes and quotations, I argue that the combinations serve to present the creators of these texts as beacons of knowledge with profound understanding of historical events and canonical literature, and with the necessary skills to fruitfully combine the two.
COMPARISON OF PRESTELLAR CORE ELONGATIONS AND LARGE-SCALE MOLECULAR CLOUD STRUCTURES IN THE LUPUS I REGION

Turbulence and magnetic fields are expected to be important for regulating molecular cloud formation and evolution. However, their effects on sub-parsec to 100 parsec scales, leading to the formation of starless cores, are not well understood. We investigate the prestellar core structure morphologies obtained from analysis of the Herschel-SPIRE 350 μm maps of the Lupus I cloud. This distribution is first compared on a statistical basis to the large-scale shape of the main filament. We find the distribution of the elongation position angle of the cores to be consistent with a random distribution, which means no specific orientation of the morphology of the cores is observed with respect to the mean orientation of the large-scale filament in Lupus I, nor relative to a large-scale bent filament model. This distribution is also compared to the mean orientation of the large-scale magnetic fields probed at 350 μm with the Balloon-borne Large Aperture Telescope for Polarimetry during its 2010 campaign. Here again we do not find any correlation between the core morphology distribution and the average orientation of the magnetic fields on parsec scales. Our main conclusion is that the local filament dynamics—including secondary filaments that often run orthogonally to the primary filament—and possibly small-scale variations in the local magnetic field direction, could be the dominant factors for explaining the final orientation of each core.
NARRATIVES OF ADOLESCENTS WITH AN ACTIVE AND SEDENTARY LIFESTYLE NARRACIONES DE ADOLESCENTES CON ESTILOS DE VIDA

1 Laboratório de Pedagogia, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana e UIDEF, Unidade de Investigação e Desenvolvimento em Educação e Formação, Instituto da Educação, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal, jmartins@fmh.utl. pt 2 Faculdade de Educação Física e Desporto, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisboa, Portugal, amarques@fmh.utl. pt 3 Centro Interdisciplinar de Estudo da Performance Humana, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal, fcosta@fmh.utl. pt