Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[Maternal complications associated with type of delivery in a university hospital].

OBJECTIVE To analyze maternal complications associated to type of delivery, comparing cesarean (c-) section with vaginal delivery. METHODS Retrospective study of 1,748 deliveries carried out at a university hospital in the city of S o Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, in which the newborn weighed more than 500 g. Maternal complications occurred during delivery as well as those diagnosed during puerperium that required further hospital admission were analyzed. Statistical analyses included Student's t test and Fisher's Exact test. Significance level was set at 0.05. RESULTS C-sections were performed on 988 patients (56.5%). Hemorrhagic complications occurred in 1.2% of c-sections and in 0.8% of normal deliveries, with no statistically significant difference between both groups. Endometritis was observed in 0.4% of c-sections and in 0.1% of vaginal deliveries, without statistically significant difference. Two cases of puerperal infection evolved to hysterectomies, in the c-section group. There were no maternal deaths related to c-section. CONCLUSIONS No associations were found between maternal complications and type of delivery in the period analyzed.
KELT-8b: A HIGHLY INFLATED TRANSITING HOT JUPITER AND A NEW TECHNIQUE FOR EXTRACTING HIGH-PRECISION RADIAL VELOCITIES FROM NOISY SPECTRA

We announce the discovery of a highly inflated transiting hot Jupiter by the KELT-North survey. A global analysis including constraints from isochrones indicates that the V = 10.8 host star (HD 343246) is a mildly evolved, G dwarf with T eff = 5754 − 55 + 54 ? > K, log g = 4.078 − 0.054 + 0.049 ? > , [ Fe / H ] = 0.272 ± 0.038 ? > , an inferred mass M * = 1.211 − 0.066 + 0.078 ? > M ⊙ ? > , and radius R * = 1.67 − 0.12 + 0.14 ? > R ⊙ ? > . The planetary companion has a mass M P = 0.867 − 0.061 + 0.065 ? > MJ, radius R P = 1.86 − 0.16 + 0.18 ? > RJ, surface gravity log g P = 2.793 − 0.075 + 0.072 ? > , and density &rgr; P = 0.167 − 0.038 + 0.047 ? > g cm−3. The planet is on a roughly circular orbit with semimajor axis a = 0.04571 − 0.00084 + 0.00096 ? > AU and eccentricity e = 0.035 − 0.025 + 0.050 ? > . The best-fit linear ephemeris is T 0 = 2456883.4803 ± 0.0007 ? > BJD TDB ? > and P = 3.24406 ± 0.00016 ? > days. This planet is one of the most inflated of all known transiting exoplanets, making it one of the few members of a class of extremely low density, highly irradiated gas giants. The low stellar log g ? > and large implied radius are supported by stellar density constraints from follow-up light curves, as well as an evolutionary and space motion analysis. We also develop a new technique to extract high-precision radial velocities from noisy spectra that reduces the observing time needed to confirm transiting planet candidates. This planet boasts deep transits of a bright star, a large inferred atmospheric scale height, and a high equilibrium temperature of T eq = 1675 − 55 + 61 ? > K, assuming zero albedo and perfect heat redistribution, making it one of the best targets for future atmospheric characterization studies.
Predictors of Zimbabwean children’s neuro-cognitive performance on the Detroit Tests of Learning Aptitude fourth edition (DTLA-4): Implications for policy, practice and research

ABSTRACT Neuro-cognitive performance is important for academic and general achievement in day-to-day life. In settings where children under the age of 18 years constitute close to half the population, yet with no routine child development assessment and intervention in place, it becomes important that factors predicting neuro-cognitive performance among them are identified and the affected aspects specified. This paper provides evidence on Zimbabwean children’s neuro-cognitive performance and the factors predicting it using a locally adapted, validated and normed Detroit Tests of Learning Aptitude fourth edition (DTLA-4). Four hundred and seventy-five school children (6–13 years) participated in the study. School type, grade, attending an urban school and age were independent predictors of overall neuro-cognitive performance. Performance did not differ with gender. Children from disadvantaged communities as depicted by school type were worst affected on items that require crystallised intelligence, cognitive level problem solving and simultaneous processing of information. These findings are important in developing targeted interventions that facilitate neuro-cognitive development and support children in low resource settings. The implications of these findings for policy, practice and research are discussed.
Demonstration of Next-Generation Au-Pd Surface Finish with Solder-Capped Cu Pillars for Ultra-Fine Pitch Applications

High-performance computing is driving sub-10μm substrate interconnect pitches to support high-density logic-to-memory interconnections in advanced 2.5D packaging. A new ultra-thin surface finish, electroless Pd autocatalytic Au (EPAG), was recently developed by Atotech GmBH to address extraneous plating encountered at these fine pitches with conventional finishes, such as electroless Ni immersion Au (ENIG) or electroless Ni electroless Pd immersion Au (ENEPIG). In this paper, the EPAG composition was optimized to demonstrate, for the first time, ultra-short copper pillar interconnections with superior pitch scalability, bonding strength and thermomechanical reliability as compared to standard ENEPIG. Variations in surface finish composition were considered, with EPAG finishes composed of 50 - 100nm Pd and 50nm Au, electroless palladium (EP) finishes of 50 and 100nm Pd, and standard ENEPIG, used as reference. Solder wettability was first evaluated through contact angle measurements on solder sessile drop test samples. Copper pillar assemblies with limited solder volume were then formed on all surface finishes. They were subjected to high-temperature storage at 150°C for up to 500h, to study interfacial reactions, and subsequent intermetallic formation. While gold embrittlement was observed with both EP and ENEPIG finishes, it could be prevented with EPAG surface finish with 50nm Pd and 50nm Au, this specific ratio leading to formation of the single (Cu, Au, Pd) 6Sn5 intermetallic. Die shear and thermal shock tests were then carried out to determine the effect of the joints' composition on their strength and fatigue life. A shear strength of 40MPa was achieved with all EPAG compositions, exceeding the 6-11MPa and 5MPa achieved with EP and ENEPIG, respectively. Highest thermomechanical reliability was also achieved with EPAG finishes, surviving 300 cycles at -55/125°C even in silicon-to-FR-4 assemblies with high CTE mismatch, while 70% of the ENEPIG daisy chains failed after only 100 thermal cycles. The optimized EPAG composition was therefore demonstrated as a promising low-cost surface finish alternative to form ultra-short but highly-reliable, fine-pitch, Cu pillar interconnections.
Historical Event Extraction from Text

In this paper, we report on how historical events are extracted from text within the Semantics of History research project. The project aims at the creation of resources for a historical information retrieval system that can handle the time-based dynamics and varying perspectives of Dutch historical archives. The historical event extraction module will be used for museum collections, allowing users to search for exhibits related to particular historical events or actors within time periods and geographic areas, extracted from accompanying text. We present here the methodology and tools used for the purpose of historical event extraction alongside with the first evaluation results.
Cyclic AMP Control Measured in Two Compartments in HEK293 Cells: Phosphodiesterase KM Is More Important than Phosphodiesterase Localization

The intracellular second messenger cyclic AMP (cAMP) is degraded by phosphodiesterases (PDE). The knowledge of individual families and subtypes of PDEs is considerable, but how the different PDEs collaborate in the cell to control a cAMP signal is still not fully understood. In order to investigate compartmentalized cAMP signaling, we have generated a membrane-targeted variant of the cAMP Bioluminiscence Resonance Energy Transfer (BRET) sensor CAMYEL and have compared intracellular cAMP measurements with it to measurements with the cytosolic BRET sensor CAMYEL in HEK293 cells. With these sensors we observed a slightly higher cAMP response to adenylyl cyclase activation at the plasma membrane compared to the cytosol, which is in accordance with earlier results from Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) sensors. We have analyzed PDE activity in fractionated lysates from HEK293 cells using selective PDE inhibitors and have identified PDE3 and PDE10A as the major membrane-bound PDEs and PDE4 as the major cytosolic PDE. Inhibition of membrane-bound or cytosolic PDEs can potentiate the cAMP response to adenylyl cyclase activation, but we see no significant difference between the potentiation of the cAMP response at the plasma membrane and in cytosol when membrane-bound and cytosolic PDEs are inhibited. When different levels of stimulation were tested, we found that PDEs 3 and 10 are mainly responsible for cAMP degradation at low intracellular cAMP concentrations, whereas PDE4 is more important for control of cAMP at higher concentrations.
Copy Number Variants in Candidate Genes Are Genetic Modifiers of Hirschsprung Disease

Hirschsprung disease (HSCR) is a neurocristopathy characterized by absence of intramural ganglion cells along variable lengths of the gastrointestinal tract. The HSCR phenotype is highly variable with respect to gender, length of aganglionosis, familiality and the presence of additional anomalies. By molecular genetic analysis, a minimum of 11 neuro-developmental genes (RET, GDNF, NRTN, SOX10, EDNRB, EDN3, ECE1, ZFHX1B, PHOX2B, KIAA1279, TCF4) are known to harbor rare, high-penetrance mutations that confer a large risk to the bearer. In addition, two other genes (RET, NRG1) harbor common, low-penetrance polymorphisms that contribute only partially to risk and can act as genetic modifiers. To broaden this search, we examined whether a set of 67 proven and candidate HSCR genes harbored additional modifier alleles. In this pilot study, we utilized a custom-designed array CGH with ∼33,000 test probes at an average resolution of ∼185 bp to detect gene-sized or smaller copy number variants (CNVs) within these 67 genes in 18 heterogeneous HSCR patients. Using stringent criteria, we identified CNVs at three loci (MAPK10, ZFHX1B, SOX2) that are novel, involve regulatory and coding sequences of neuro-developmental genes, and show association with HSCR in combination with other congenital anomalies. Additional CNVs are observed under relaxed criteria. Our research suggests a role for CNVs in HSCR and, importantly, emphasizes the role of variation in regulatory sequences. A much larger study will be necessary both for replication and for identifying the full spectrum of small CNV effects.
Maternal depression symptomatology and child well-being outcomes: limited evidence for a causal relationship

The paper explores whether or not there is evidence for a causal link between maternal depression symptomatology and child wellbeing. Considering three rounds of data from the Peruvian Young Lives (PYL) longitudinal study sample, the paper explores this relationship by using the SRQ-20 instrument, which is typically used as a screening tool for common mental disorders, and by collecting information about mothers’ socioeconomic characteristics and their children’s well-being outcomes. We found a low correlation of SRQ-20 scores across rounds, suggesting that the instrument may be capturing short-term depression or anxiety symptoms rather than chronic mental illness. Furthermore, the SRQ-20 instrument is correlated both with characteristics of the mother and with child well-being indicators, which change over time (nutritional, health, and educational outcomes as well as feelings and attitudes). The study shows that the magnitude of the relationship between the mental health indicator and the child well-being outcomes may be severely biased in a regression that neglects the possible endogeneity of the mental health indicator. Finally, besides maternal age, education, and ethnicity background, socioeconomic shocks are a key determinant of both depression and anxiety symptoms as well as of child well-being outcomes in the first year following birth of the child (PYL round one), where SRQ-20 scores were the highest.
Optimal leader allocation in UAV formation pairs under costly switching

We study the leader allocation problem in UAV formation pairs when switching the lead incurs a fuel cost. While in formation, UAVs are assumed to adhere to a notion of ε-cooperativeness. The problem is formulated as the combination of a non-convex and a discrete optimization problem where the leader allocations are constrained to those that induce cooperation between UAVs. A equivalent formulation of the problem allows us to express the constraint set as a family of equality and inequality constraints. By restricting our search to solutions of a specific form, we replace the non-convex problem with a convex one while preserving the optimal value of the original problem. A necessary and sufficient condition is obtained which is used to verify a solution to the discrete problem. The results are combined to design the OPTIMAL COST ALGORITHM, which efficiently solves the original problem. Our results are verified in simulation.
Multitimescale Dynamical Interactions Between Speech Rhythm and Gesture

Temporal patterns in human movement, and in speech in particular, occur on multiple timescales. Regularities in such patterns have been observed between speech gestures, which are relatively quick movements of articulators (e.g., tongue fronting and lip protrusion), and also between rhythmic units (e.g., syllables and metrical feet), which occur more slowly. Previous work has shown that patterns in both domains can be usefully modeled with oscillatory dynamical systems. To investigate how rhythmic and gestural domains interact, an experiment was conducted in which speakers performed a phrase repetition task, and gestural kinematics were recorded using electromagnetic articulometry. Variance in relative timing of gestural movements was correlated with variance in rhythmic timing, indicating that gestural and rhythmic systems interact in the process of planning and producing speech. A model of rhythmic and gestural planning oscillators with multifrequency coupling is presented, which can simulate the observed covariability between rhythmic and gestural timing.
Validation of the Perceived Parental Autonomy Support Scale (P-PASS)

Using a multidimensional perspective, the Perceived Parental Autonomy Support Scale (P-PASS) assesses autonomy-supportive and controlling parenting (Grolnick & Pomerantz, 2009). Two studies document the instrument’s psychometric properties (Study 1, N 210, mean age 18.8 years; Study 2, N 315, mean age 18.5 years). Exploratory factor analyses first show that the P-PASS factor structure is best described by a 2-factor solution, 1 representing perceived autonomy support and the other, controlling parenting. Cronbach’s alphas confirm the internal consistency of the P-PASS scales ( .89), and correlation patterns with the Psychological Control Scale (Barber, 1996) and other parenting components (i.e., acceptance and monitoring) support convergent and divergent validity. Hierarchical regressions also show that perceived autonomy support predicts young adults’ adjustment, above and beyond controlling parenting (Studies 1 and 2) and parental acceptance and monitoring (Study 2). Overall, these results suggest the P-PASS usefulness in studying perceived autonomy-supportive and controlling parenting.
Dezentraler Asylvollzug diskriminiert : Anerkennungsquoten von Flüchtlingen im bundesdeutschen Vergleich, 2010-2015

(Title: Decentralized asylum policy discriminates: A comparision of asylum recognition rates in the federal states of Germany) This article examines whether the asylum recognition rates differ in the German federal states, despite the uniform provisions of the asylum law and jurisdiction by a federal authority. We build on the principle-agent theory of federalism and argue that the decision-makers in the foreign offices of the Federal Office for Migration and Refugees are partly guided by the regional environment. A panel analysis on asylum decisions from 2010 to 2015 supports the thesis that the asylum system is influenced by country-specific interests and attitudes. Although our macroanalysis does not allow inferences about individual discrimination to be made, it reinforces the suspicion that asylum seekers have very different chances of being recognized as refugees. Especially the negative influence of xenophobia on the recognition rates is troubling.
Were Fertile Crescent crop progenitors higher yielding than other wild species that were never domesticated?

Summary During the origin of agriculture in the Fertile Crescent, the broad spectrum of wild plant species exploited by hunter‐gatherers narrowed dramatically. The mechanisms responsible for this specialization and the associated domestication of plants are intensely debated. We investigated why some species were domesticated rather than others, and which traits they shared. We tested whether the progenitors of cereal and pulse crops, grown individually, produced a higher yield and less chaff than other wild grasses and legumes, thereby maximizing the return per seed planted and minimizing processing time. We compared harvest traits of species originating from the Fertile Crescent, including those for which there is archaeological evidence of deliberate collection. Unexpectedly, wild crop progenitors in both families had neither higher grain yield nor, in grasses, less chaff, although they did have larger seeds. Moreover, small‐seeded grasses actually returned a higher yield relative to the mass of seeds sown. However, cereal progenitors had threefold fewer seeds per plant, representing a major difference in how seeds are packaged on plants. These data suggest that there was no intrinsic yield advantage to adopting large‐seeded progenitor species as crops. Explaining why Neolithic agriculture was founded on these species, therefore, remains an important unresolved challenge.
Sensitivity of Passive Microwave Observations to Soil Moisture and Vegetation Water Content: L-Band to W-Band

Ground-based multifrequency (L-band to W-band, 1.41-90 GHz) and multiangular (20°-50°) bipolarized (V and H) microwave radiometer observations, acquired over a dense wheat field, are analyzed in order to assess the sensitivity of brightness temperatures (Tb) to land surface properties: surface soil moisture (mv) and vegetation water content (VWC). For each frequency, a combination of microwave Tb observed at either two contrasting incidence angles or two polarizations is used to retrieve mv and VWC, through regressed empirical logarithmic equations. The retrieval performance of the regression is used as an indicator of the sensitivity of the microwave signal to either mv or VWC. In general, L-band measurements are shown to be sensitive to both mv and VWC, with lowest root mean square errors (0.04 m3 ·m-3 and 0.52 kg ·m-2 , respectively) obtained at H polarization, 20° and 50° incidence angles. In spite of the dense vegetation, it is shown that mv influences the microwave observations from L-band to K-band (23.8 GHz). The highest sensitivity to soil moisture is observed at L-band in all configurations, while observations at higher frequencies, from C-band (5.05 GHz) to K-band, are only moderately influenced by mv at low incidence angles (e.g., 20°). These frequencies are also shown to be very sensitive to VWC in all the configurations tested. The highest frequencies (Q- and W-bands) are shown to be moderately sensitive to VWC only. These results are used to analyze the response of W-band emissivities derived from the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit instruments over northern France.
Competition and Diversification Effects in Supply Chains with Credit Risk ∗ †

We study the effects of credit risk in a supply chain where one retailer deals with competing risky suppliers who may default during their production lead-times. The suppliers, who compete for business with the retailer by establishing wholesale prices, are leaders in a Stackelberg game with the retailer. The retailer, facing uncertain future demand, chooses order quantities while weighing the benefits of procuring from the cheapest supplier against the advantages of reducing credit risk through diversification. If the wholesale prices were exogenous, the retailer would benefit by choosing suppliers that had low default correlations. However, when prices are endogenous, low supplier default correlations dampens competition among the suppliers, increasing the equilibrium wholesale prices. We show that the retailer prefers suppliers with highly correlated default events. In contrast, the suppliers and the channel prefer defaults that are negatively correlated.
Searching dark-matter halos in the GaBoDS survey

Context. We apply the linear filter for the weak-lensing signal of dark-matter halos developed in Maturi et al. (2005, AA Schneider et al. 1998, MNRAS, 296, 873) and to the aperture mass based on the shear profile expected for NFW haloes (see e.g. Schirmer et al. 2004, AA Hennawi & Spergel 2005, ApJ, 624, 59). Schirmer et al. (2006, [arXiv: astro-ph/0607022]) achieved results comparable to our filter, but probably only because of the low average redshift of the background sources in GaBoDS, which keeps the LSS contamination low. For deeper data, the difference will be more important, as shown by Maturi et al. (2005). Conc/usions. We detect fourteen halos on about eighteen square degrees selected from the survey. Five are known clusters, two are associated with over-densities of galaxies visible in the GaBoDS image, and seven have no known optical or X-ray counterparts.
TCP Throughput Measurements and Analysis in Wireless Multi-Hop Networks

Multi-hop relay is essential for ad-hoc networking in order to interconnect remote communication devices. This enables information exchange in areas without a pre-deployed communications infrastructure, making it an appealing technology for the military community. The focus of this article is on TCP throughput measurements for multi-hop networking based on WLAN technology using COTS devices. The present study shows that the throughput as well as the stability of the routing topology for ad-hoc multi-hop communications do not always meet military requirements, and that special-purpose solutions and implementations are hence needed. Indoor as well as outdoor measurements are presented and compared with existing analytical research on throughput degradation in wireless multi-hop links. While results from multi-hop indoor measurements with MAC address filtering where generally in-line with analytical throughput curves, outdoor measurements indicate link instabilities for connections involving three hops or more as well as lower throughput. The article hence points to the need for "real-life" experiments in addition to existing network analysis and simulations.