Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reflections of Medical Students on Visiting Chronically Ill Older Patients in the Home

The expanding number of Americans living with chronic illness necessitates educating future physicians about chronic illness care. Weill Cornell Medical College's Chronic Illness Care in the Home Setting Program (CIC‐HSP), a mandatory part of the primary care clerkship, exposes medical students to persons with chronic illness via a half day of house calls with a geriatrics team. The investigators sought to qualitatively assess the effect of the CIC‐HSP on medical students and recent medical graduates. Fifty‐two prospective participants were approached, and 50 (96%) with varying training levels and time since completing the program were interviewed.
International academic staff in UK higher education: campus internationalisation and innovation in academic practice

Abstract Amidst opportunities for universities to consider international academic staff in supporting internationalisation and innovation in academic practice, there is very little research to provide insights into their attitudes towards institutional approaches and frameworks in place to enable this. This article focuses on this research gap, suggesting that this academic community might enhance the development of internationally-informed and innovative pedagogic practice. The research reported within the article constitutes a preliminary study, set within a UK higher education case study setting. Methods included focus groups and themed in-depth interviews with a sample of 34 international academic staff from over 15 countries. The findings and discussion provide insights into the perspectives and experiences of international academic staff in relation to the Postgraduate Certificate in Teaching and Learning and other institutional practice. Innovative pedagogic practice as enabled by international academic staff is discussed, as are approaches to the internationalisation of the curricula. The findings are relevant to the UK higher education context but also to the global context: academic institutions need to consider whether curriculum and processes are limited and limiting in favour of a narrow cultural lens.
Senescent Atrophic Epidermis Retains Lrig1+ Stem Cells and Loses Wnt Signaling, a Phenotype Shared with CD44KO Mice

Lrig1 is known to repress the epidermal growth through its inhibitory activity on EGFR, while CD44 promotes it. We analyzed the expression of these molecules in senescent atrophic human epidermis and in the epidermis of CD44KO mice. In normal human epidermis, Lrig1+ cells form clusters located in the basal layer in which CD44 expression is downregulated and Lef1 expression reflects an active Wnt signaling. In senescent atrophic human epidermis, we found retention of Lrig1high+ cells all along the basal layer, forming no clusters, with decrease of CD44 and lef1 expression. In vitro silencing of CD44 indicated that CD44 may be required for Wnt signaling. However, if looking at the ear epidermis of CD44KO mice, we only found a limited interfollicular epidermal atrophy and unchanged Lrig1high+ cells in the hair follicle. Cell lineage tracing further revealed that interfollicular epidermis did lost its self-renewing capacity but that its homeostasis relied on Lrig1-derived keratinocytes migrating from the hair follicle. Therefore, we conclude that CD44 downregulation is part of the phenotype of senescent atrophic human epidermis, and contributes to reduce Wnt signaling and to alter Lrig1high+ stem cell distribution.
Industrial Control using Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor networks have been an active research topic during the past few years. Researchers have conducted extensive studies on various aspects of wireless sensor networks: information dissemination [4], energy-efficient routing [1] and security [8], etc. In addition, wireless sensor networks have been successfully applied to environmental and wildlife habitat monitoring. However, real time control over wireless network systems still is a problem and nobody can be confident enough about it; but the are some sporadic events in control systems such as alarms and events that can be less critical than periodic loops so that delay may have no effect on them. The main purpose of this paper is to show the performance of the wireless sensor networks using ZigBee standard in industrial control systems. This standard has been used specifically for loom control and its performance has been surveyed.
Examining the Internet Addiction Levels of High School Senior Students

In the present study, the internet addiction status of high school senior students in Yesilyurt county of Malatya was analyzed and examined in terms of gender variable. The study population consisted of 3442 senior students who were studying at 37 high schools in state schools in Yesilyurt County of the city of Malatya in 2016-2017 academic year. The sampling of the study consisted of 606 students selected with the Random Sampling Method from among 17 high schools. The model of the study was the Survey Model. For the purpose of determining the internet addiction levels of the students, the “Internet Addiction Scale”, which was developed by Gunuc (2009) was used. This scale consists of sub-dimensions like “Deprivation”, “Difficulty in Control”, “Disruption in Functionality”, and “Social Isolation”. In analyzing the data of the study, arithmetic average ( , frequency (f), standard deviation (sd), k-means clustering method and t-test were used. In brief, the following results were received in the present study: out of the 606 senior high school students, 85 (14,1%) were in the Addicted Group, 258 (42,6%) were in the Risk Group and 262 (43,3%) were in the Non-Addicted Group. When these results were analyzed it was determined that the majority of the students who constituted the sampling group of the study were in the Non-Addicted Group (43,3%). A significant differentiation was detected between the internet addiction scores of the students according to the gender variable in favor of the male students.
Me, My Stuttering, and Them! Effect of Self-Disclosure of Stuttering on Listener Perception

Purpose: A common question encountered by speech-language pathologists while dealing with adults who stutter (AWS) is whether their disclosure of stuttering to listeners would change their perception. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of self-disclosure and speaker sex on adult listeners’ perceptions of simulated stuttering. Method: The study involved a group of 100 college students between the age range of 18 and 25 years, who judged the videotaped speech samples of 1 male and 1 female person, who simulated stuttering in disclosed and undisclosed state. The listener perception was evaluated through a questionnaire developed for the purpose. Results: The trends suggested that a female AWS possessed overall better listener perception as compared with male AWS in undisclosed condition and received better perception by listeners in more domains than male AWS in disclosed state. Conclusions: Listener perception seems to be a sex-specific phenomenon which gets affected by one’s disclosure about stuttering and the culture of the listeners.
CD1b Tetramers Bind \(\alpha \beta \) T Cell Receptors to Identify a Mycobacterial Glycolipid-Reactive T Cell Repertoire in Humans

T cell receptors identify a mycobacterial glycolipid-reactive T cell repertoire Microbial lipids activate T cells by binding directly to CD1 and T cell receptors (TCRs) or by indirect effects on antigen-presenting cells involving induction of lipid autoantigens, CD1 transcription, or cytokine release. To distinguish among direct and indirect mechanisms, we developed fluorescent human CD1b tetramers and measured T cell staining. CD1b tetramer staining of T cells requires glucose monomycolate (GMM) antigens, is specific for TCR structure, and is blocked by a recombinant clonotypic TCR comprised of TRAV17 and TRBV4-1, proving that CD1b–glycolipid complexes bind the TCR. GMM-loaded tetramers brightly stain a small subpopulation of blood-derived cells from humans infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, providing direct detection of a CD1b-reactive T cell repertoire. Polyclonal T cells from patients sorted with tetramers are activated by GMM antigens presented by CD1b. Whereas prior studies emphasized CD8 + and CD4  CD8  CD1b-restricted clones, CD1b tetramer-based studies show that nearly all cells express the CD4 co-receptor. These findings prove a cognate mechanism whereby CD1b–glycolipid complexes bind to TCRs. CD1b tetramers detect a natural CD1b-restricted T cell repertoire ex vivo with unexpected features, opening a new investigative path to study the human CD1 system.
Annals of General Psychiatry Prevalence and Correlates of Being Bullied among In-school Adolescents in Beijing: Results from the 2003 Beijing Global School-based Health Survey

Background: Bullying has public health importance. It has been reported that both the victims and perpetrators of bullying are more likely to have suicidal ideation and other suicidal behaviours. Moreover, bullying can be a precursor for school violence and can contribute to poor academic performance. The purpose of the study was to raise awareness on the subject in China. We, therefore conducted an analysis of secondary data to determine the prevalence and correlates of having been bullied among in-school adolescents.
Is RSSI a Good Choice for Localization in Wireless Sensor Network?

Numerous localization protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks are based on Received Signal Strength Indicator. Because absolute positioning is not always available, localization based on RSSI is popular. More, no extra hardware is needed unlike solutions based on infra-red or ultrasonic. Moreover, the theory gives a RSSI as a function of distance. However, using RSSI as a distance metric involves errors in the measured values, resulting path-loss, fading, and shadowing effects. We present experimentation results from three large WSNs, each with up to 250 nodes. Based on our findings from the 3 systems, the relation between RSSI and distance is investigated according to the topology properties and the radio environment. We underline the intrinsic limitations of RSSI as a distance metric, in terms of accuracy and stability. Contrary to what we assumed, collaborative localization protocol based on Spring-Relaxation algorithm can not smooth the distance-estimation errors obtained with RSSI measurements.
Early Therapeutic Process Related to Dropout in Mentalization-Based Treatment With Dual Diagnosis Patients

Negative therapeutic reaction was first described by Freud, and theories about this phenomenon have focused on various patient factors, for example, unconscious guilt, narcissistic pride, and overwhelming feelings of shame, as well as devaluation of the therapist as a defense against envy. Different strategies to counteract negative therapeutic reactions in patients with severe personality disorder have been proposed. Bateman and Fonagy suggested that some psychoanalytic techniques are iatrogenic for patients with borderline personality disorder and, thus, the therapeutic method must be modified. One manifestation of negative therapeutic reaction is that patients discontinue therapy prematurely. The aim of this study was to explore the differences in the early therapeutic process between therapy dropouts and therapy completers in mentalization-based treatment (MBT) for patients with concurrent borderline personality disorder (BPD) and substance use disorder (SUD). The first 2 videotaped therapy sessions from 6 MBT therapies were selected—3 therapies that were completed and 3 therapies that were prematurely discontinued by the patient. The therapy process was analyzed using the Psychotherapy Process Q set (PQS). Lists of the most frequent and least frequent PQS items among therapy completers versus dropouts are presented. In comparing the sessions from therapy completers and dropouts, significant differences in frequencies were detected for 13 PQS items. These items included therapist and patient activities, as well as features of the therapeutic interaction. Continuation in therapy seems to be related to therapists’ general skills and adherence to MBT, as well as patients bringing up significant material and not being distant.
Constitutive Endocytic Cycle of the CB1 Cannabinoid Receptor*

The CB1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) displays a significant level of ligand-independent (i.e. constitutive) activity, either when heterologously expressed in nonneuronal cells or in neurons where CB1Rs are endogenous. The present study investigates the consequences of constitutive activity on the intracellular trafficking of CB1R. When transfected in HEK-293 cells, CB1R is present at the plasma membrane, but a substantial proportion (∼85%) of receptors is localized in intracellular vesicles. Detailed analysis of CB1-EGFP expressed in HEK-293 cells shows that the intracellular CB1R population is mostly of endocytic origin and that treatment with inverse agonist AM281 traps CB1R at the plasma membrane through a monensin-sensitive recycling pathway. Co-transfection with dominant positive or dominant negative mutants of the small GTPases Rab5 and Rab4, but not Rab11, profoundly modifies the steady-state and ligand-induced intracellular distribution of CB1R, indicating that constitutive endocytosis is Rab5-dependent, whereas constitutive recycling is mediated by Rab4. In conclusion, our results indicate that, due to its natural constitutive activity, CB1R permanently and constitutively cycles between plasma membrane and endosomes, leading to a predominantly intracellular localization at steady state.
Classifying Facial

The Facial Action Coding System (FACS) 23] is an objective method for quantifying facial movement in terms of component actions. This system is widely used in behavioral investigations of emotion, cognitive processes, and social interaction. The coding is presently performed by highly trained human experts. This paper explores and compares techniques for automatically recognizing facial actions in sequences of images. These techniques include analysis of facial motion through estimation of optical ow; holistic spatial analysis such as principal component analysis, independent component analysis, local feature analysis, and linear discriminant analysis; and methods based on the outputs of local lters, such as Gabor wavelet representations, and local principal components. Performance of these systems is compared to naive and expert human subjects. Best performances were obtained using the Gabor wavelet representation and the independent component representation, both of which achieved 96% accuracy for classifying twelve facial actions of the upper and lower face. The results provide converging evidence for the importance of using local lters, high spatial frequencies, and statistical independence for classifying facial actions.
Consumer Shopping Behaviors and In-Store Expenditure Decisions

The authors study the effect that consumers’ adopted shopping patterns have on their responsiveness to pricing activity of retailers. Two important dimensions of shopping behavior — inclination to switch stores and preference for a particular retail price format (every day low price (EDLP) or promotional price (HILO)) are hypothesized to systematically affect the responsiveness of in-store expenditure decisions to changes in prices. In particular, store loyal households should be more responsive to changes in prices when deciding how much to buy in a given store. Similarly, the household shopping in a HILO format (where price variability is greater) should be more responsive. These hypotheses are developed and then tested using a joint model of store choice and in-store expenditure which accounts for potential interdependence between these decisions. The findings attest to the ability of consumers to exploit variation in the environment: When constrained on one dimension (e.g., by shopping in only one store), consumers exhibit flexibility on another (e.g., by adjusting expenditures in response to price changes). If afforded the opportunity to be flexible (e.g., through variable prices at a HILO store), consumers take advantage of this. These aspects of shopping behavior interact in a theoretically interesting, but counter-intuitive way: the expenditure decisions of HILO switching consumers turn out to be the least responsive to changes in prices at a particular store. These shoppers exploit advertised price differences and move among stores. This responsiveness in the store choice decision means they have less incentive to exhibit flexibility in their expenditure decisions at a given store. The authors present estimates from a series of models calibrated on a scanner panel data set which captures store choices and expenditure receipts, and find all hypotheses to be supported.
Reading Intervention for Poor Readers at the Transition to Secondary School

ABSTRACT This study evaluated two 20-week reading interventions for pupils entering secondary school with reading difficulties. The interventions were delivered by trained teaching assistants (three 35-min sessions per week). 287 pupils (ages 11–13) from 27 schools were randomly allocated to three groups: reading intervention (targeting word recognition and decoding skills), reading intervention plus comprehension, or a waiting list control group. Neither intervention produced statistically significant gains in word reading but the reading intervention plus comprehension intervention produced significant gains in reading comprehension (d = 0.29) and vocabulary (d = 0.34). Further evaluations of methods to improve word reading in this population are needed.
Children’s analysis processes when analysing qualitative research data: a missing piece to the qualitative research puzzle

Children’s role in the research process is often limited to a passive role as subject, recipient or object of data rather than as active contributor. The sociology of childhood considers children to be competent social actors and advocates for them to be recognised as such. This recognition is yet to filter into mainstream research agendas with children often remaining a passive provider to research that seeks to elicit their perspectives. This article presents an examination of the processes that children use when analysing their own qualitative research data as observed within a qualitative research project. It provides insight into the ability to increase the richness of data obtained when researching with children, by including their perspectives and contributions in the data analysis process. Children’s capacity as capable and competent contributors to research beyond the more passive role of participant is described and the ways that children can have a greater participatory role in qualitative data collection and analysis processes are discussed.
A Novel Immersion Simulation Based Self-Organizing Transform with Application to Single-Cell Segmentation from Microscopy Images

Reliable cell segmentation plays an important role in biological imaging studies, though continues to be challenging due to the complex nature of many imaging scenes. The approach here uses a novel immersion simulation based self-organizing (ISSO) transform, an automated method for image segmentation. The method allows users to customize the immersion simulation process via user-defined or default self-organizing functions to incorporate prior information into segmentation. The transformed images usually have desirable features that can be further segmented using existing methods, with substantially improved segmentation results. The connections between the ISSO transform and existing watershed transforms is described. A Size Filter based on the ISSO transform is implemented and applied to various images and benchmark microscopy datasets from recent studies. With benchmark error rates well below those reported results in the literature, the comparison with other algorithms clearly demonstrates the benefits and flexibility of the ISSO method on various types of images.
Distributed estimation with constant modulus signals over multiple access channels

A distributed estimation scheme where the sensors transmit with constant modulus signals over a multiple access channel is considered. The proposed estimator is shown to be strongly consistent for any sensing noise distribution in the i.i. d. case. When the distributions of the sensing noise are not identical, the existence of a bound on the variances is shown to establish strong consistency. The estimator is shown to be asymptotically normal with an asymptotic variance (AsV) that depends on the characteristic function of the sensing noise. Optimization of the AsV is considered with respect to a transmission phase parameter, and simulations are shown to corroborate our analytical results.
Energy-efficient link adaptation with transmitter CSI

Energy-efficient link adaptation is studied based on minimizing the total energy consumption per transmitted bit in a mobile terminal. It is shown that the optimal power allocation is water-filling; the optimal energy consumption per bit is a function of the power amplifier efficiency, the circuit power rate dependence, and a cutoff channel to noise ratio (CNR). For a given transceiver architecture, low energy consumption per bit corresponds to a high cutoff CNR and vice versa. The optimization of the energy consumed per bit is carried out for flat fading and frequency-selective fading channels. In the former, the optimization problem is solved analytically, resulting in optimal rate, power and energy consumption per bit being expressed in terms of the cutoff CNR. In the latter, the optimal power allocation is water-filling in frequency, depending on the subcarrier noise levels. Finally, highly efficient algorithms with superlinear convergence are proposed, which are based on the Dinkelbach method for solving nonlinear fractional programs.
Flexible use of perceptuomotor knowledge in lexical and semantic decision tasks

People know a lot about the perceivable properties of objects in their environments. We know, for example, that peacocks are colorful, ashtrays are smelly, and hammers are typically grasped in one hand. This study examines the extent to which several modality-specific object attribute ratings can account for performance in lexical and semantic decisions tasks. Seven continuously distributed variables from object attribute rating norms (smell intensity, color vividness, taste pleasantness, sound intensity, graspability, likelihood of motion, likelihood of pain) are used to predict decision latencies from three tasks varying in depth of semantic processing (living / nonliving; concrete / abstract; word / nonword). After controlling for standard word form and lexical variables, two modality-specific variables significantly predicted decision latencies in each task. Separate analyses were conducted for items denoting living things and items denoting nonliving things. In each task, modality-specific variables accounted for more variance in living thing latencies, and non-semantic variables accounted for more variance in nonliving thing latencies. These results suggest that modality-specific knowledge can be used flexibly to aid in lexical and semantic decision-making and are most consistent with “lexicon-free” models of word recognition.