Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Prevalence of Low Back Pain among Nurses in Yazd, Southeast Iran

Musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are of serious concern to many organizations, including health care centres.Low back pain (LBP) with no clinical cause is common in nurses. This study aimed to assess the prevalence rate of LBP in nurses. This descriptive, cross -sectional study was carried out a population of 351 nursesfromeducational hospitals of Yazd University ofMedical Sciences; Yazd, Iran aged 20-45 years.Information on these potential risk factors for LBP was sought using a translated Nordic questionnaire.Two hundred sixty respondents (74.3%) reported experiencing pain at least in one of their nine body regions during last year. The highest prevalence of LBPwas seen among nurses in orthopaedic surgery (80.6%), operation room (79.2%), neurology (75.3%) a nd general surgery (73.7%), emergency medicine (69.9%), paediatrics (59.2%), obstetrics and genecology (54.3%), internal medicine (52.7.5%), intensive care unit (51%), ENT (50.4%), and infectious disease (48%) sections, respectively. These findings suggest that hospitals should focus and attempt to improve the ergonomics of nursing activities. In addition, effective methods of implementing changes in work systems are needed.
Diabetic Nephropathy: The Proteinuria Hypothesis

Background/Aims: Proteinuria, nearly a universal finding in progressive kidney disease, has been the subject of frequent recent analyses in the renal literature. Proteinuria is a hallmark of diabetic nephropathy: microalbuminuria is the principal early predictor for progression of diabetic glomerulopathy, and proteinuria may be viewed as a measure of the severity and promoter of progression of nephropathy. Methods: This article critically reviews for the first time the full scope of diabetic proteinuria – complex molecular mechanisms, natural history, and analysis of treatment trials – in order to address the validity of ‘the proteinuria hypothesis’, i.e., that diabetic proteinuria is a modifiable determinant of renal progression. This hypothesis is analyzed in detail, including recent studies on the primary therapy of diabetic nephropathy, renin-angiotensin blockade. Results: As fully developed, this hypothesis consists of three postulates: that higher amounts of proteinuria predict progressive loss of function, that proteinuria reduction correlates with slowing progression, and that proteinuria is a surrogate endpoint for clinical trials. The latter postulate has not before been adequately linked to growing information about the first two postulates as they apply to diabetic kidney disease. Conclusion: While diabetic nephropathy is a disease model for the potential use of proteinuria as a surrogate marker for renal progression, this shift in perspective will require prospective data from additional clinical trials, particularly of non-renin-angiotensin blocking drugs, to be complete.
Multiple Religious Switching: A Research Note

The 1988 General Social Survey included a new measure providing information on the number of times people have switched religious preferences and why. Data show that one-third of all religious switchers are multiple switchers who tend to be male, well-educated, and concentrated in the Mountain region more than anywhere else. Marriage, family, and friends are the most-cited reasons given for switching.
Non-contact hand interaction with smart phones using the wireless power transfer features

The interaction between human and smart phones is mainly based on press buttons and touch screens. As wireless charging based on wireless power transfer (WPT) coils is standardized and becoming a competitive feature for smart phones in recent years, it is also possible to control smart phones without contact by interacting with their wireless charging coils. In this paper, a non-contact method to interact with smart phones based on their wireless charging coils is proposed and investigated. A Colpitts oscillator is built and tested using a standard WPT coil as part of the resonant tank elements. Experiment results show that the resonant frequency of the coil is heavily influenced by hand movement, which could be further interpreted as the interaction between human and smart phones. By analyzing the resonant frequency changes of multiple coils embedded into a phone, it is possible to determine which hand movement is performed by a user.
Seven-Year Course of Borderline Personality Disorder Features: Borderline Pathology Is as Unstable as Depression During Adolescence

Borderline personality disorder (PD) historically is construed as an unremitting condition with poor prognosis. In the present study we take a new approach to examining stability and change in borderline PD by explaining symptom expression in terms of an unchanging foundation—termed borderline proneness—on one hand, and transitory influences on the other. We monitored borderline PD symptoms annually in a large sample of high-risk adolescent girls (N = 2,450) from ages 14 to 20. Trait-state-occasion modeling revealed that just more than half (52%–57%) of borderline PD symptom variation was attributable to fixed borderline proneness, whereas the remainder was subject to change across yearly measurement occasions. This degree of stability was no larger than the corresponding estimate for depression, a condition known for its variable course. Our results indicate that, contrary to its reputation, borderline pathology is not set in stone, and it fluctuates in response to situational influences.
Cultural Difference in Side Bias: Evidence from Japan and India

This study examined similarities and differences in side biases for Japanese (N = 697) and Indian (N = 418) subjects. The side bias questionnaire included 24 items for handedness and 4 each for footedness, eyedness, and earedness. Subjects were asked to report their preferences of a given side (such as handedness) on a 5-point scale for each item (1 = left always, 5 = right always). Log-linear analyses showed cultural differences in direction and degree of the side biases on some items, but not in the prevalence of each side bias. In both Japanese and Indian subjects, the prevalence, especially of handedness and footedness, was lower in comparison to Western data (Porac & Coren, 1981), and associations between the side biases were all significant. Predictions for the associations made by the right shift theory (Annett, 2000) fitted generally well with observed frequencies.
Gender Matters: An Introduction to the Special Issues on Women and Girls

Abstract Girls and women represent a minority of forensic mental health and prison populations. However, studies worldwide suggest that there has been a steady increase in the number of girls and women being managed by forensic mental health services and correctional agencies over the past two decades. The vast majority of research in the forensic mental health field, however, remains steadfastly focused on male populations. As such, there are growing concerns about whether the theoretical knowledge we have on male offenders is sufficiently valid and useful for female offenders. There remain substantial gaps in knowledge and debate regarding the importance of gender differences, for instance, in developmental pathways to offending and in violence risk factors and assessment. There is a similar paucity of knowledge on the efficacy of treatment in female offenders and a need for treatment programs that are specifically responsive to the needs and issues of these girls and women. These special issues of the International Journal of Forensic Mental Health dedicated to gender issues in the forensic field marks a substantial effort to enlarge the empirical and theoretical knowledge on (violent) offending, assessment, and treatment in girls and women. In this introduction article, we aim to highlight the relevance of studying gender differences in the forensic field and to provide a brief overview of important gender issues in developmental pathways to offending, gender differences and similarities in the nature of offending, assessment and treatment in forensic mental health care and the criminal justice system. Finally, we provide recommendations for practitioners, researchers, and policymakers to move forward on this topic in the forensic field.
Quantum Efficiency of Hydroxyl Radical Formation in a Composite Containing Nanocrystalline TiO 2 e Zinc Phthalocyanine, and the Nature of the Incident Radiation

In this study, we investigate the generation of hydroxyl radicals mediated by a composite containing TiO 2 and 1.6% m/m of zinc phthalocyanine (TiO 2 /ZnPc) in aqueous suspensions containing methanol as oxidisable substrate. The composite features a specific surface 20% less than the value estimated for TiO 2 P25, probably due to the covering of the surface of the oxide by ZnPc and the pH of the isoelectric point of this composite equal of 5.5, about two units of pH lower than the value estimated for TiO 2 P25, are probably related to the difference in photocatalytic activity found for these materials. To assess the influence of different spectral bands of electromagnetic radiation on the production of hydroxyl radicals, we used different sources of radiation in experiments conducted to estimate the quantum efficiency of hydroxyl radical formation (HO•), via photocatalytic oxidation of methanol. The association between zinc phthalocyanine and TiO 2 has allowed the formation of a light absorber material with absorption spectral range extended to the visible region. Our results suggest that, despite the higher values of F HO• for TiO 2 P25, the combination of visible and ultraviolet radiation furnished by a high pressure mercury lamp without the protective bulb, or solar radiation, causes the composite to present good values for the same parameter.
Failure of Viable Nonculturable Campylobacter jejuni to Colonize the Cecum of Newly Hatched Leghorn Chicks

Abstract Campylobacter jejuni cells entered the viable but nonculturable (VBNC) state upon suspension in sterile water. Cell viability was determined with tetrazolium violet. VBNC cells suspended in water for 7, 10, or 14 days were given, by gavage, to day-of-hatch leghorn chickens. The ceca of control and challenged birds were examined for the presence of campylobacteria by conventional microbiological methods at 1 wk and 2 wk after challenge inoculation and by polymerase chain reaction methods at 1 wk after challenge. We did not find culturable Campylobacter cells in the ceca. Neither was Campylobacter DNA found in cecal samples. Therefore, VBNC cells did not revert to the culturable colonizing form, nor did VBNC cells persist within the cecal environment.
Historicizing the Secularization Debate: Church, State, and Society in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe, Ca. 1300 to 1700

In recent years, the sociology of religion has been consumed by a debate over secularization that pits advocates of a new, rational-choice paradigm (the so-called religious economies model) against defenders of classical secularization theory. According to the old paradigm, the Western world has become increasingly secular since the Middle Ages; according to the new paradigm, it has become increasingly religious. I put these two images of religious development to the test through a detailed examination of religious life in Western Europe before and after the Reformation. I conclude that the changes in social structure and religious experience that occurred during this period were considerably more complex than either the old or new paradigms suggest and, indeed, that the two paradigms are neither so opposed nor so irreconcilable as many of their defenders contend. It is possible, indeed probable, that Western society has become more secular without becoming less religious. I discuss the limitations of the two competing paradigms and sketch the outlines of a more adequate theory of religious change.
MARC HASSENZAHL CHAPTER 3 The Thing and I: Understanding the Relationship Between User and Product

We currently witness a growing interest of the Human-Computer Interaction (HCI) community in user experience. It has become a catchphrase, calling for a holistic perspective and an enrichment of traditional quality models with non-utilitarian concepts, such as fun (Monk & Frohlich, 1999; Draper, 1999), joy (Glass, 1997), pleasure (Jordan, 2000), hedonic value (Hassenzahl, 2002a) or ludic value (Gaver & Martin, 2000). In the same vein, literature on experiential marketing stresses that a product should not longer be seen as simply delivering a bundle of functional features and benefits it provides experiences. Customers want products "that dazzle their senses, touch their hearts and stimulate their minds" (Schmitt, 1999, p. 22). Experiential marketing assumes that customers take functional features, benefits, and product quality as a given. Even though the HCI community seems to embrace the notion that functionality and usability is just not enough, we are far from having a coherent understanding of what user experience actually is. The few existing models (e.g., Logan, 1984; Jordan, 2000) of user experience in HCI that incorporate aspects such as pleasure are rare and often overly simplistic. In the present chapter, I will propose a more complex model that defines key elements of user experience and their functional relations. Specifically, it aims at addressing aspects, such as (a) the subjective nature of experience per se; (b) perception of a product; (c) emotional responses to products in (d) varying situations. It is a more detailed and further developed version of a research model, I previously presented in Hassenzahl (2002a). I view it as a first step towards a better understanding of how people experience products and a valuable starting point for further in-depth theoretical discussions.
Sexual Attractiveness in Male Rats Is Associated with Greater Concentration of Major Urinary Proteins1

ABSTRACT Female rats show a distinct attraction for males. This attraction remains consistent without the necessity for the physical presence of the male. However, the identity of the olfactory cues contributing to attraction in rats remains unknown. Rat urine contains copious amounts of major urinary proteins (MUPs). Here, we investigated the hypothesis that MUPs mediate sexual attractiveness in rats. We first demonstrated that a member of a male dyad receiving greater copulatory opportunities in competitive mate choice tests excrete greater amounts of MUPs. Furthermore, the amount of male MUPs positively correlated with both copulatory opportunities received and female exploration of the urine. Using females and a two-choice olfactory attraction test, we demonstrated that urinary fractions containing MUPs were sufficient to induce attraction and that male MUPs activated neurons in the posterodorsal medial amygdala in female rats. Taken together, these results suggest that olfactory cues associated with MUPs act as an attractant to female rats in estrus.
Parental Self-Efficacy and Bullying in Elementary School

ABSTRACT This study investigated associations of general and specific parental self-efficacy factors with bullying and peer victimization behaviors among 142 fourth and fifth graders and their parents. Using structural equation modeling, exploratory factor analysis was used to examine one general parenting self-efficacy measure and a bullying-specific parent self-efficacy measure. The latter produced two unique factors: (a) self-efficacy to know when one’s child is bullied, and (b) self-efficacy to respond to one’s child being bullied. Child reports of bullying and peer victimization were simultaneously regressed on the three (i.e., one general and two specific) parent self-efficacy factors. Findings revealed that parental self-efficacy to know when one’s child is bullied was uniquely and negatively associated with both bullying and victimization. Additionally, and contrary to expectations, parental self-efficacy to respond when one’s child is being bullied was uniquely and positively associated with victimization.
Human monoclonal antibodies specific for the tumour associated Thomsen‐Friedenreich antigen

Five hybridomas producing human monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) of IgA and IgM isotypes reacting with the tumour associated TF antigen were generated after in vitro immunisation or antigen specific isolation of normal peripheral blood B cells using asialoglycophorin, a TF containing antigen. All 5 antibodies produced by the hybridomas bound strongly to asialoglycophorin and to synthetic glycoprotein containing the TF‐epitope, with preference to the beta form (Galb1‐3GalNAc‐β‐O‐CETE‐BSA) as compared to the alpha form (Galb1‐3GalNAc‐α‐O‐APE‐HSA) in ELISA. Flow cytometry analysis revealed binding to carcinoma cell lines of different origin such as breast, colon, pancreas, ovary, bladder, lung and, in addition, to some tumour cell lines of haematopoietic origin. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumour tissues revealed staining patterns typical for mucins, and the antibodies were found to bind to glycoproteins among the MUC‐1 positive high m.w. fraction shed from a TF antigen positive ovarian carcinoma cell line. © 1997 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Decision Making and Information Integration in the Courts: The Setting of Bail

Two studies were conducted to determine how real felony court judges decide the amount of bail to set. In the first, the judges were presented with fictitious case histories containing the relevant information in a factorial design. In the second, multiple regression techniques were used to examine the impact of different kinds of information on decisions made by judges in actual bail hearings. In the simulated cases, the judges seemed to be influenced most by the degree to which the accused was tied to the area and whether or not he had a prior criminal record. However, the judges' actual bail decisions were not at all affected by these variables. Instead, their decisions were almost exclusively determined by the district attorneys' recommendations. Both the district attorneys' and the defense attorneys' actual recommendations were found to be primarily based upon the severity of the crime. These results were discussed in terms of the utility of simulation and observational research for drawing applied and theoretical conclusions.
Kidney radiofrequency ablation for small renal tumors: oncologic efficacy.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The introduction of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) into other fields of surgery has fueled the interest to study its application in small renal masses (SRM). Some controversies remain, however, regarding its oncologic efficacy. We review technical factors and tissue characteristics that influence treatment success, discuss the evaluation of treatment success by post-treatment imaging and histopathology, and highlight intermediate-term oncologic outcomes of recent, larger RFA series. MATERIALS AND METHODS A search of the MEDLINE database regarding the treatment of SRM by RFA was performed from 2003 through August 2009. For the purpose of describing technical factors and tissue characteristics that influence treatment success and the evaluation of treatment success by imaging and histopathology, articles were selected when they provided detailed descriptions of one or more of these items. For the analysis of oncologic outcomes, the selection was limited to series in which a minimum of 20 patients were treated and that provided effectiveness based on follow-up imaging. RESULTS Technical evolutions and correct patient/tumor selection have led to increasingly higher success rates being achieved by RFA. Even though tumor skipping has been described in preclinical studies and early clinical studies, this does not seem to influence final success. Indeed, a 8.6% re-treatment rate has to be taken into account. Accepting this, the final ablative success rate is 93.8% at intermediate-term follow-up. Complications after RFA are less frequent and more often minor compared with surgical series. CONCLUSIONS The present analysis reveals that RFA achieves a high intermediate-term ablative success rate when accepting a 8.6% reablation rate. Complication rates are low and mostly minor. Those facts render RFA an attractive minimally invasive treatment for SRM, especially in the growing elderly patient population with multiple comorbidities. Long-term follow-up data are expected to confirm the role of RFA in the management of SRM.
Robust Registration of Gaussian Mixtures for Colour Transfer

We present a flexible approach to colour transfer inspired by techniques recently proposed for shape registration. Colour distributions of the palette and target images are modelled with Gaussian Mixture Models (GMMs) that are robustly registered to infer a non linear parametric transfer function. We show experimentally that our approach compares well to current techniques both quantitatively and qualitatively. Moreover, our technique is computationally the fastest and can take efficient advantage of parallel processing architectures for recolouring images and videos. Our transfer function is parametric and hence can be stored in memory for later usage and also combined with other computed transfer functions to create interesting visual effects. Overall this paper provides a fast user friendly approach to recolouring of image and video materials.
Pulmonary Extracellular Vesicles as Mediators of Local and Systemic Inflammation

Cells of the airways are constantly exposed to environmental hazards including cigarette smoke, irritants, pathogens, and mechanical insults. Maintaining barrier integrity is vital, and mounting responses to threats depends on intercellular communication. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles, are major signal mediators between cells, shuttling cargo in health and disease. Depending on the state of the originating cells, EVs are capable of inducing proinflammatory effects including antigen presentation, cellular migration, apoptosis induction, and inflammatory cytokine release. Cells of the airways release EVs, which can be found in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. EVs of the airways can support inflammation in the lung, but may also exit into the circulation and carry a cocktail of pro-inflammatory molecules to recipient cells in distant organs. In this review, we discuss the possibility that EVs originating from the airways contribute to dissemination of inflammation in both lung disorders and systemic inflammatory conditions.