Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Syntactic and Thematic Constraint Effects on Blood Oxygenation Level Dependent Signal Correlates of Comprehension of Relative Clauses

The effects of plausibility of thematic role assignment and syntactic structure on blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) signal were studied using event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging by orthogonally varying syntactic structure (subject-vs. object-extracted relative clauses) and the plausibility of nouns playing thematic roles (constrained vs. unconstrained sentences) in a plausibility judgment task. In plausible sentences, BOLD signal increased for object-compared to subject-extracted clauses in unconstrained sentences in left middle temporal and left inferior frontal areas, for this contrast in constrained sentences in left middle temporal but not left inferior frontal areas, and for constrained subject-extracted sentences compared to unconstrained subject-extracted sentences in the left inferior frontal gyrus and the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. We relate these areas of activation to the assignment of the syntactic structure of object-compared to subject-extracted structures and the process of checking which thematic roles activated in the course of processing a sentence are licensed by the syntactic structure of the sentence.
When Standing on a Moving Support, Cutaneous Inputs Provide Sufficient Information to Plan the Anticipatory Postural Adjustments for Gait Initiation

Gait initiation is preceded by initial postural adjustments whose goal is to set up the condition required for the execution of the focal stepping movement. For instance, the step is preceded by a shift of the body’s center of mass towards the stance foot unloading the stepping leg. This displacement is produced by exerting forces on the ground (i.e., thrust) while the body is still motionless. The purpose of this study was to identify whether the mere cutaneous inputs from the feet soles evoked by a lateral translation of the support could be used to scale the initial postural adjustments. Participants stood with their eyes closed on a force platform that could be moved laterally with a low acceleration (between 0.14 m/s2 and 0.30 m/s2) to reach a constant velocity of 0.02 m/s. This translation resulted in a change in the somatosensory cues from the feet soles without modifying vestibular inputs. Participants were instructed to produce a step with the right foot as soon as they felt the platform start to move (on either side) or heard an auditory cue. In the latter case, the platform stayed stationary. We found that the thrust duration was lengthened when the platform moved towards the supporting foot. In this condition, the cutaneous stimulation provided information related to a body shift towards the stepping leg. This increased thrust duration likely helped overcoming the non-functional body shift perceived towards the stepping leg. This result highlights the accuracy with which the actual standing position can be determined from foot sole cutaneous cues in the absence of visual and vestibular or proprioceptive inputs.
Artemisinin Attenuates Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Proinflammatory Responses by Inhibiting NF-κB Pathway in Microglia Cells

Microglial activation plays an important role in neuroinflammation, which contributes to neuronal damage, and inhibition of microglial activation may have therapeutic benefits that could alleviate the progression of neurodegeneration. Recent studies have indicated that the antimalarial agent artemisinin has the ability to inhibit NF-κB activation. In this study, the inhibitory effects of artemisinin on the production of proinflammatory mediators were investigated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated primary microglia. Our results show that artemisinin significantly inhibited LPS-induced production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) and nitric oxide (NO). Artemisinin significantly decreased both the mRNA and the protein levels of these pro-inflammatory cytokines and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and increased the protein levels of IκB-α, which forms a cytoplasmic inactive complex with the p65-p50 heterodimeric complex. Artemisinin treatment significantly inhibited basal and LPS-induced migration of BV-2 microglia. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed increased NF-κB binding activity in LPS-stimulated primary microglia, and this increase could be prevented by artemisinin. The inhibitory effects of artemisinin on LPS-stimulated microglia were blocked after IκB-α was silenced with IκB-α siRNA. Our results suggest that artemisinin is able to inhibit neuroinflammation by interfering with NF-κB signaling. The data provide direct evidence of the potential application of artemisinin for the treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases.
The Effect of Prime Time Television Ethnic/Racial Stereotypes on Latino and Black Americans: A Longitudinal National Level Study

Much is known about the negative consequences of exposure to ethnic/racial stereotypes in the media, on White audiences. However, there is substantially less research addressing the effects of such media content on members of racial/ethnic minority groups. The present study examines this question using repeated cross-sectional national level data alongside a content analysis of top prime time shows between 1987 and 2008. Multi-level modeling analyses reveal that media representations of Latinos and Blacks were associated with Latinos’ and Blacks’ ingroup attitudes, however effects on attitudes towards Whites were not significant.
Image Denoising with a Mixture of Gaussian Distributionswith Local Parameters in Wavelet Domain

The proposed model for noise-free data distribution play an important role for maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimator. Thus, in the wavelet based image denoising, it is necessary to select a proper model for distribution of wavelet coefficients. This paper presents a new image denoising algorithm based on the modeling of wavelet coefficients in each subband with a mixture of Gaussian probability density functions (pdfs) that parameters of mixture model are local. The mixture pdf is able to model the long tailed property of wavelet coefficients and the local parameters can model the empirically observed correlation between the coefficient amplitudes. Therefore, the statistical properties of wavelet coefficients are better modelled by using this new pdf. Within this framework, we describe a new image denoising algorithm based on designing a MAP estimator, which use the mixture distributions with high local correlation. The simulation results show that our proposed technique achieves better performance than several published methods such as denoising based on mixture pdfs without local parameters both visually and in terms of peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR).
Antispasmodic Effects and Action Mechanism of Essential Oil of Chrysactinia mexicana A. Gray on Rabbit Ileum

The Chrysactinia mexicana A. Gray (C. mexicana) plant is used in folk medicine to treat fever and rheumatism; it is used as a diuretic, antispasmodic; and it is used for its aphrodisiac properties. This study investigates the effects of the essential oil of C. mexicana (EOCM) on the contractility of rabbit ileum and the mechanisms of action involved. Muscle contractility studies in vitro in an organ bath to evaluate the response to EOCM were performed in the rabbit ileum. EOCM (1–100 µg·mL−1) reduced the amplitude and area under the curve of spontaneous contractions of the ileum. The contractions induced by carbachol 1 µM, potassium chloride (KCl) 60 mM or Bay K8644 1 µM were reduced by EOCM (30 µg·mL−1). Apamin 1 µM and charybdotoxin 0.01 µM decreased the inhibition induced by EOCM. The d-cAMP 1 µM decreased the inhibition induced by EOCM. l-NNA 10 µM, Rp-8-Br-PET-cGMPS 1 µM, d,l-propargylglycine 2 mM, or aminooxyacetic acid hemihydrochloride 2 mM did not modify the EOCM effect. In conclusion, EOCM induces an antispasmodic effect and could be used in the treatment of intestinal spasms or diarrhea processes. This effect would be mediated by Ca2+, Ca2+-activated K+ channels and cAMP.
Pengaruh Kemampuan Kerja,disiplin Kerja, Motivasi Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja Dan Kinerja Karyawan Administrasi Universitas Warmadewa

Human resource is the executor of the various activities in an organization and have a very large role for the development of the organization. Employees of the University Warmadewa Denpasar guided to always be able to improve the performance, purpose of this study was to determine the significant influence of the ability to work on employee job satisfaction at the University Warmadewa, to determine the effect of work ability on the performance of employees at the University Warmadewa, to determine the effect of labor discipline on job satisfaction employees at the University Warmadewa, to determine the effect of labor discipline on the performance of employees at the University Warmadewa, to determine the effect of work motivation on employee job satisfaction at the University Warmadewa, to determine the effect of work motivation on employee performance at the University Warmadewa, and to determine the effect of job satisfaction on performance employees at the University Warmadewa. The research method is quantitative with a sample size of 62 people who are determined by the method of census data digunakanadalah primary data and secondary data both qualitative and quantitative. With SEM analysis, PLS-based research results are 1). The ability to work and no significant negative effect on job satisfaction; 2). The ability to work a significant negative effect on employee performance; 3). Labor discipline and no significant positive effect on job satisfaction; 4) Discipline of work and significant positive effect on employee performance; 5: Motivation of positive and significant effect on employee job satisfaction; 6) Work motivation positive and significant effect on employee performance; 7) Job satisfaction and no significant positive effect on employee performance.
A novel reduced feature set and a hierarchical system of classifiers for human action recognition based on the natural domain knowledge of the human figure

In this paper, a method with a significantly reduced feature set is described which recognizes human actions from video sequences. The proposed method is based on the natural domain knowledge of the human figure such as proportions of the human body. The method is evaluated on two of the publicly available databases in the literature of activity recognition, the Weizmann and the UIUC databases. Results show that the efficiency of our method is higher than that of other state-of-the-art methods on both datasets with a perfect correct classification rate (CCR) of 100% when the LOOCV is used. The experimental results are promising with much fewer features (between 27 and 170 times less features), compared with other methods, and the possibility of processing more than 500 fps.
School leadership in Latin America 2000–2016

School site leadership has commanded the attention of researchers and policymakers in Anglo-American jurisdictions for at least two decades, but little is known about how many other parts of the globe have addressed this topic. This paper reviews published research and policy documents related to school leadership in Latin America between 2000–2016. Applying rapid mapping techniques used for scoping studies, we review 359 research and policy documents and give ‘coherent, meaningful shape’ to what we know and what we don’t know about school leadership in the region. Attention in research and policy to school leadership in Latin America was relatively slow to arrive: whilst it grew steadily in the first decade of this century it remains low compared to other regions of the world. We provide an overview of the school leadership policy environment in several countries, describing recruitment, selection, evaluation, and job responsibilities of principals; relevant leadership frameworks; and requirements for training or professional development. We speculate on what might explain the diverse ways that school leadership has been taken up in the region: degree of school system centralization; policy borrowing; stage of development; technocratic problem solving; and neoliberal accountability.
Two Classes of Quadratic APN Binomials Inequivalent to Power Functions

This paper introduces the first found infinite classes of almost perfect nonlinear (APN) polynomials which are not Carlet-Charpin-Zinoviev (CCZ)-equivalent to power functions (at least for some values of the number of variables). These are two classes of APN binomials from F2n to F2n (for n divisible by 3, resp., 4). We prove that these functions are extended affine (EA)-inequivalent to any power function and that they are CCZ-inequivalent to the Gold, Kasami, inverse, and Dobbertin functions when n ges 12. This means that for n even they are CCZ-inequivalent to any known APN function. In particular, for n = 12,20,24, they are therefore CCZ-inequivalent to any power function.
Parsec: direct style monadic parser combinators for the real world

Despite the long list of publications on parser combinators, there does not yet exist a monadic parser combinator library that is applicable in real world situations. In particular naive implementations of parser combinators are likely to suffer from space leaks and are often unable to report precise error messages in case of parse errors. The Parsec parser combinator library described in this paper, utilizes a novel implementation technique for space and time e±cient parser combinators that in case of a parse error, report both the position of the error as well as all grammar productions that would have been legal at that point in the input.
AKIP1, a Cardiac Hypertrophy Induced Protein that Stimulates Cardiomyocyte Growth via the Akt Pathway

Cardiac adaptation to unremitting physiological stress typically involves hypertrophic growth of cardiomyocytes, a compensatory response that often fails and causes heart disease. Gene array analysis identified AKIP1 (A Kinase Interacting Protein 1) as a hypertrophic gene and we therefore hypothesized a potential role in the hypertrophic response. We show for the first time that both AKIP1 mRNA and protein levels increased in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes under conditions of sustained cardiac stress, including pressure overload and after myocardial infarction and in vitro in phenylephrine (PE) stimulated neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes (NRVCs). AKIP1 overexpression in NRVCs markedly stimulated hypertrophic growth responses, including significantly increased cell size, augmented cytoskeletal organization and protein synthesis. Although, AKIP1 was not essential for PE induced hypertrophy in NRVCs, it did potentiate neurohormonal induced protein synthesis. AKIP1 did, however, not induce expression of pathological marker genes like ANP and β-MHC. ERK and Akt kinase signaling pathways have been linked to hypertrophy and AKIP1 specifically induced phosphorylation of Akt. This phosphorylation of Akt was essential for activation of ribosomal rpS6 and translation elongation factor eEF2 and this readily explains the increased protein synthesis. Akt inhibition fully blocked AKIP1 induced hypertrophy, showing that this pathway is critically involved. In conclusion, our results show that AKIP1 is induced in hypertrophic hearts and can stimulate adaptive cardiomyocyte growth, which involves Akt signaling.
Aspiring workers or striving consumers? Rethinking social exclusion in the era of consumer capitalism

ABSTRACT This study is part of a special issue aimed at investigating young people’s trajectories in troubled and challenging times. The paper tackles the topic by providing the results of an in-depth qualitative and exploratory study conducted on young unemployed people in the Italian city of Turin – the industrial ‘capital’ of the Sixties, now undergoing a massive wave of deindustrialization. Interviews were gathered in 2010, when the Great Recession was severely affecting young people living in Southern European countries like Greece, Italy, Spain and Portugal. The article proceeds along two levels of analysis. The first focuses on the subjective experience of unemployment and job precariousness seen through the eyes of young people, aware of living in exceptionally hard and uncertain times. The second focuses on the broad mechanisms leading to social exclusion paying particular attention to deprived experiences of consumption. Findings reveal that while work has not lost its material and symbolic meaning, a great importance is attributed to experiences of consumption, as a way for young people to socialize with peers.
Expression of Clock and Clock-Driven Genes in the Rat Suprachiasmatic Nucleus during Late Fetal and Early Postnatal Development

The SCN as a site of the circadian clock itself exhibits rhythmicity. A molecular clockwork responsible for the rhythmicity consists of clock genes and their negative and positive transcriptional-translational feedback loops. The authors’ previous work showed that rhythms in clock gene expression in the rat SCN were not yet detectable at embryonic day (E) 19 but were already present at postnatal day (P) 3. The aim of the present study was to elucidate when during the interval E19-P3 the rhythms start to develop in clock gene expression and in clock-controlled, namely in arginine-vasopressin (AVP), gene expression. Daily profiles of Per1, Per2, Cry1, Bmal1, and Clock mRNA and of AVP heteronuclear (hn) RNA as an indicator of AVP gene transcription were assessed in the SCN of fetuses at E20 and of newborn rats at P1 and P2 by the in situ hybridization method. At E20, formation of a rhythm in Per1 expression was indicated, but no rhythms in expression of other clock genes or of the AVP gene were detected. At P1, rhythms in Per1, Bmal1, and AVP and a forming rhythm in Per2 but no rhythm in Cry1 expression were present in the SCN. The Per1 mRNA rhythm was, however, only slightly pronounced. The Bmal1 mRNA rhythm, although pronounced, exhibited still an atypical shape. Only the AVP hnRNA rhythm resembled that of adult rats. At P2, marked rhythms of Per1, Per2, and Bmal1 and a forming rhythm of Cry1, but not of Clock, expression were present. The data suggest that rhythms in clock gene expression for the most part develop postnatally and that other mechanisms besides the core clockwork might be involved in the generation of the rhythmic AVP gene expression in the rat SCN during early ontogenesis.
Gastric Metastasis of Triple Negative Invasive Lobular Carcinoma

Invasive lobular carcinomas are the second most common type (5% to 15%) of invasive breast carcinomas. The most frequent sites of breast cancer metastasis are the local and distant lymph nodes, brain, lung, liver, and bones; metastasis to the gastrointestinal system, especially to the stomach, is rare. When a mass is detected in an unusual place in a patient with invasive lobular carcinoma, it should be kept in mind that such a mass may be either a second primary carcinoma or the metastasis of an invasive lobular carcinoma. In this report, we present a case of gastric metastasis from triple-negative invasive lobular breast cancer. It is important to make an accurate diagnosis by distinguishing gastric metastasis from breast cancer in order to select the best initial treatment for systemic diseases of breast cancer. Considering our case, healthcare professionals should take into account that cases with invasive lobular breast cancer may experience unusual metastases.
Role of Hippocampal CA3 μ-Opioid Receptors in Spatial Learning and Memory

The dorsal CA3 region of the hippocampus is unique in its connectivity, sensitivity to neurotoxic lesions, and its ability to encode and retrieve episodic memories. Computational models of the CA3 region predict that blocking mossy-fiber and/or perforant path activity to CA3 would cause impairments in learning and recall of spatial memory, respectively. Because the CA3 region contains μ-opioid receptors and receives inputs from the mossy-fiber and lateral perforant pathways, both of which contain and release opioid peptides, we tested the hypothesis that inactivating μ-opioid receptors in the CA3 region would cause spatial learning and memory impairments and retrieval deficits. In this study, male Sprague Dawley rats were trained in a Morris water maze after a single bilateral intrahippocampal injection of either saline or the selective and irreversible μ-opioid receptor antagonist β-funaltrexamine (β-FNA) into area CA3. We found that μ-opioid receptor binding decreased 24 hr after β-FNA injection and returned to control levels 11 d after injection. Injections of β-FNA into the CA3 region, but not into the ventricles, caused a significant impairment in the acquisition of spatial learning without causing sensory or motor deficits. New learning was not affected once μ-opioid receptor levels replenished (>11 d after injection). In pretrained animals, β-FNA significantly impaired spatial memory retrieval and new (reversal) learning. These data are consistent with theoretical models of CA3 function and suggest that CA3 μ-opioid receptors play an important role in the acquisition and retrieval of spatial memory.
Opportunistic Approachability and Generalized No-Regret Problems

Blackwell’s theory of approachability, introduced in 1956, has since proved a useful tool in the study of a range of repeated multiagent decision problems. Given a repeated matrix game with vector payoffs, a target set S is approachable by a certain player if he can ensure that the average payoff vector converges to that set, for any strategy of the opponent. In this paper we consider the case where a set need not be approachable in general, but may be approached if the opponent played favorably in some sense. In particular, we consider nonconvex sets that satisfy Blackwell’s dual condition, namely, can be approached when the opponent plays a stationary strategy. Whereas the convex hull of such a set is approachable, this is not generally the case for the original nonconvex set itself. We start by defining a sense of restricted play of the opponent (with stationary strategies being a special case), and then formulate appropriate goals for an opportunistic approachability algorithm that can take advantage .
An improved reversible data hiding in encrypted images

This paper is an improved version of Zhang's reversibility improved data hiding method in encrypted images. The original work randomly selects p%(0 <; p ≤ 20) pixels from an original image to obtain the estimation error for secret data embedding. In this work, we estimate half of the pixels in the original image to obtain the estimation error so that the maximum embedding rate can be significantly improved while keeping a high image quality of the marked decrypted image. The experimental results show that our proposed method has a higher performance than Zhang's method.
A posteriori error estimator and error control for contact problems

In this paper, we consider two error estimators for one-body contact problems. The first error estimator is defined in terms of H(div)-conforming stress approximations and equilibrated fluxes while the second is a standard edge-based residual error estimator without any modification with respect to the contact. We show reliability and efficiency for both estimators. More- over, the error is bounded by the first estimator with a constant one plus a higher order data oscillation term plus a term arising from the contact that is shown numerically to be of higher order. The second estimator is used in a control-based AFEM refinement strategy, and the decay of the error in the energy is shown. Several numerical tests demonstrate the performance of both estimators.