Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cellular Localization of the Prohormone Convertases in the Hypothalamic Paraventricular and Supraoptic Nuclei: Selective Regulation of PC1 in Corticotrophin-Releasing Hormone Parvocellular Neurons Mediated by Glucocorticoids

The prohormone convertases (PCs) are processing enzymes that activate proproteins via cleavage at specific single or pairs of basic residues. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and supraoptic nucleus (SON) are primary sites of biosynthesis of several neuroendocrine hormone precursors, including provasopressin (pro-AVP), pro-oxytocin (pro-OT), and procorticotrophin-releasing hormone (pro-CRH), which require post-translational processing to yield active products. Using in situ hybridization, we observed PC1 and PC5 mRNAs in PVN and SON magnocellular neurons, while PC2 mRNA was observed in both magnocellular and parvocellular PVN neurons as well as magnocellular SON neurons. Similar to furin, PC7 mRNA was expressed throughout the PVN and SON, whereas PACE4 mRNA levels were undetectable. Both immunohistochemical and Western blot studies were performed to demonstrate the presence of PC proteins and forms in the PVN and SON. Using double-labeling in situhybridization, we examined the cellular colocalization of each PC mRNA with pro-AVP, pro-OT, and pro-CRH mRNAs in PVN and SON. PC1 mRNA was colocalized with both AVP and OT mRNA in PVN and SON magnocellular neurons. All AVP, OT, and CRH neurons expressed PC2. In contrast, PC5 mRNA was colocalized only with OT mRNA. We examined the effects of adrenalectomy (ADX) on PVN PC mRNA levels. PC1 mRNA levels were increased selectively within CRH/AVP parvocellular neurons but were unchanged in PVN magnocellular AVP or OT neurons. These results established the anatomical organization of each convertase and proneuropeptide substrates in the PVN and SON and suggested potential roles for each enzyme under resting and stimulated conditions.
The relationship between perfectionism and athlete engagement among male adolescent athletes: the moderating role of coach autonomy support

Athlete engagement is a positive state of mind capturing athletes’ feelings of enthusiasm, confidence, vigour, and dedication toward their sport and may result from basic psychological needs satisfaction (Hodge, Lonsdale, & Jackson, 2009; Lonsdale, Hodge, & Raedeke, 2007). As perfectionism is common in athletes, the present study examined whether athletes with different perfectionism profiles differed across these engagement characteristics and tested whether those differences were moderated by coach autonomy support. A sample of 191 male youth club basketball and football players (Mage = 16.59, SD = 0.67) completed measures of athlete engagement, sport perfectionism, and coach autonomy support. Latent profile analysis was used to categorize participants according to their standings across perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns. A 3-class model was adopted with groups representing nonperfectionistic athletes, moderately perfectionistic athletes, and highly perfectionistic athletes. Multiple regression was then used to test for class differences and moderation effects (see Hayes & Montoya, 2017). Across each characteristic, highly perfectionistic athletes reported higher engagement levels in comparison to moderately perfectionistic athletes regardless of levels of coach autonomy support. On vigour and dedication, though, class differences involving nonperfectionistic athletes were moderated by coach autonomy support. For both characteristics, non-perfectionistic athletes reported lower engagement levels than highly perfectionistic athletes when coach autonomy support was low. However, group differences on vigour and dedication between comparisons with the non-perfectionistic athletes were significantly moderated by coach autonomy support. The discussion compares the adopted 3-class model with those produced in past research and speculates as to why fostering autonomy support may have the greatest influence on engagement among athletes who are low, but not high, in perfectionism.
A Robust Classic Illusory Correlations Are Maintained Under Extended Operant Learning

In the present research, we argue for the robustness of illusory correlations (ICs, Hamilton & Gifford, 1976) regarding two boundary conditions suggested in previous research. First, we argue that ICs are maintained under extended experience. Using simulations, we derive conflicting predictions. Whereas noise-based accounts predict ICs to be maintained (Fielder, 2000; Smith, 1991), a prominent account based on discrepancy-reducing feedback learning predicts ICs to disappear (Van Rooy et al., 2003). An experiment involving 320 observations with majority and minority members supports the claim that ICs are maintained. Second, we show that actively using the stereotype to make predictions that are met with reward and punishment does not eliminate the bias. In addition, participants’ operant reactions afford a novel online measure of ICs. In sum, our findings highlight the robustness of ICs that can be explained as a result of unbiased but noisy learning.
Facing the truth: are there hemifacial differences in the communication of trustworthiness?

ABSTRACT As the right hemisphere is dominant for emotion processing, the left cheek expresses emotion more intensely than the right cheek. This prompts a leftward bias: people offer the left cheek to communicate emotion and viewers perceive left cheek poses as more emotive. Perceptions of trustworthiness are positively influenced by emotional expressivity, with smiling faces deemed more trustworthy than neutral faces. Thus as the left hemiface is more emotionally expressive than the right, the present study sought to determine whether people offer the left cheek to communicate trustworthiness, and the right to express untrustworthiness. One hundred and twenty-six participants (57 males, 69 females) completed a posing task asking them to read one of two scenarios (randomly assigned: trusted babysitter; untrustworthy car salesman), consider it for 30 seconds, and then pose for a photograph communicating their trustworthiness or untrustworthiness. Contrary to expectation, binary logistic regression results indicated no posing bias for communicating trustworthiness, however people were more likely to offer the left than right cheek when posing to communicate untrustworthiness. The novel finding of a left cheek bias for untrustworthiness is previously unreported, and highlights the need for future investigations of trustworthiness to examine both sides of the trustworthy coin.
Herpes Simplex Virus Vector Factor Activity by Transcriptionally Targeted Oncolytic-Catenin / T-Cell β Effective Treatment of Tumors with Strong

The Wnt/B-catenin/T-cell factor (Tcf) pathway is aberrantly up-regulated in the majority of colorectal cancers (CRC) and hepatoblastomas due to either an APC or b-catenin gene mutation. We constructed synthetic promoters, T and TE, which contain tandem repeats of a Tcf responsive element without and with the human 4F2 gene intronic enhancer, respectively. Although the T and TE promoters showed higher transcriptional activity than a control promoter in all CRC and hepatoblastoma cell lines tested, with low activities in most other tumor cell lines, the level of transcription varied considerably among the CRC and hepatoblastoma cell lines. In some CRC cell lines, the TE promoter displayed higher levels of transcription than even the human CMVIE promoter. In those CRC cells, the APC gene mutations were located within a small segment between the first and second 20amino-acid repeats in the mutation cluster region of the APC protein. We created a transcriptionally targeted oncolytic herpes simplex virus vector (bM24-TE) in which replication is driven by the TE promoter. This vector efficiently and specifically replicated in and killed tumor cells with strong B-catenin/Tcf signaling. Intratumoral injection of bM24-TE significantly reduced the growth of highly B-catenin active SW480 CRC tumors and induced a complete response in half of them, whereas it had no effect on the growth of B-catenininactive A549 tumors. Our results suggest that a transcriptionally regulated oncolytic herpes vector targeting B-catenin/ Tcf signal is very efficacious against CRC tumors carrying an APC gene mutation between the first and second 20-aminoacid repeats. (Cancer Res 2006; 66(20): 10127-35)
A hybrid Euler-Hadamard product for the Riemann zeta function

We use a smoothed version of the explicit formula to find an accurate pointwise approximation to the Riemann zeta function as a product over its nontrivial zeros multiplied by a product over the primes. We model the first product by characteristic polynomials of random matrices. This provides a statistical model of the zeta function which involves the primes in a natural way. We then employ the model in a heuristic calculation of the moments of the modulus of the zeta function on the critical line. For the second and fourth moments, we establish all of the steps in our approach rigorously. This calculation illuminates recent conjectures for these moments based on connections with random matrix theory
Experimental Muscle Pain Impairs the Synergistic Modular Control of Neck Muscles

A motor task can be performed via different patterns of muscle activation that show regularities that can be factorized in combinations of a reduced number of muscle groupings (also referred to as motor modules, or muscle synergies). In this study we evaluate whether an acute noxious stimulus induces a change in the way motor modules are combined to generate movement by neck muscles. The neck region was selected as it is a region with potentially high muscular redundancy. We used the motor modules framework to assess the redistribution of muscular activity of 12 muscles (6 per side) in the neck region of 8 healthy individuals engaged in a head and neck aiming task, in non-painful conditions (baseline, isotonic saline injection, post pain) and after the injection of hypertonic saline into the right splenius capitis muscle. The kinematics of the task was similar in the painful and control conditions. A general decrease of activity was noted for the injected muscle during the painful condition together with an increase or decrease of the activity of the other muscles. Subjects did not adopt shared control strategies (motor modules inter subject similarity at baseline 0.73±0.14); the motor modules recorded during the painful condition could not be used to reconstruct the activation patterns of the control conditions, and the painful stimulus triggered a subject-specific redistribution of muscular activation (i.e., in some subjects the activity of a given muscle increased, whereas in other subjects it decreased with pain). Alterations of afferent input (i.e., painful stimulus) influenced motor control at a multi muscular level, but not kinematic output. These findings provide new insights into the motor adaptation to pain.
Who Should Pay for Bankruptcy Costs?

The fees of professionals (financial advisors, lawyers, accountants) are a substantial fraction of bankruptcy costs. Scholars have considered how best to reduce these costs but have not considered how they should be allocated among creditors. Creditors can spend redistributionally (to violate or uphold absolute priority) or productively (to increase the value of the bankrupt firm). An efficient bankruptcy cost allocation scheme should discourage redistributional and encourage productive creditor spending. We consider the desirability of various allocation schemes in a model in which senior and junior creditors can engage in both types of spending. We show that (1) the current U.S. cost allocation system is unsatisfactory because the scheme partially reimburses junior expenses for professionals but does not reimburse senior expenses and (2) a cost allocation scheme that approaches the first‐best solution and is implementable would delegate the issue of professionals’ cost reimbursement to the debtor in possession.
Effect of Water-Glass Coating on HA and HA-TCP Samples for MSCs Adhesion, Proliferation, and Differentiation

Ca-P and silicon based materials have become very popular as bone tissue engineering materials. In this study, water-glass (also known as sodium silicate glass) was coated on sintered hydroxyapatite (HA) and HA-TCP (TCP stands for tricalcium phosphate) samples and subsequently heat-treated at 600°C for 2 hrs. X-rays diffraction showed the presence of β- and α-TCP phases along with HA in the HA-TCP samples. Samples without coating, with water-glass coating, and heat-treated after water-glass coating were used to observe the adhesion and proliferation response of bone marrow derived-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Cell culture was carried out for 4 hrs, 1 day, and 7 days. Interestingly, all samples showed similar response for cell adhesion and proliferation up to 7-day culture but fibronectin, E-cadherin, and osteogenic differentiation related genes (osteocalcin and osteopontin) were significantly induced in heat-treated water-glass coated HA-TCP samples. A water-glass coating on Ca-P samples was not found to influence the cell proliferation response significantly but activated some extracellular matrix genes and induced osteogenic differentiation in the MSCs.
YOUNG UNMARRIED FATHERS’ EXPERIENCES AND PERCEPTIONS OF FATHERHOOD

This article is based on a qualitative research study focusing on young unmarried fathers’ experiences and perceptions of fatherhood. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with nine fathers in KwaZulu-Natal. The participants had a total of fifteen children, four of whom lived with their fathers and paternal families. Findings indicated that high unemployment, non-payment of maintenance and cultural damages, and disputes with mothers and maternal families impacted significantly on father-child contact. All the participants wished to be more involved with their children and their conception of fatherhood extended beyond being just a provider to more nurturing roles.
A phase II randomized study of two taxanes and cisplatin for metastatic breast cancer after anthracycline: a final analysis.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study is to compare two taxanes/cisplatin combinations for metastatic breast cancer in terms of time to disease progression, response rates and toxicity. METHODS Between April 2000 and December 2002, 101 patients with advanced breast carcinoma, previously treated with an anthracycline but not with a taxane, were enrolled. Fifty patients were treated with docetaxel 60 mg/m2 and cisplatin 50 mg/m2, and 51 patients were treated with paclitaxel 175 mg/m2 and cisplatin 50 mg/m2. Each cycle repeated every 3 weeks. RESULTS The overall response rate was 62.5 and 42.6% in the docetaxel and palcitaxel groups respectively (P = 0.06). Median time to disease progression was 9.8 and 6.5 months in docetaxel and paclitaxel groups respectively (P = 0.15). The median overall survival time was 22.7 months in the docetaxel arm and 22.4 months in the paclitaxel arm. Grade 3/4 arthralgia/myalgia, sensory neuropathy and anemia occurred more frequently in the paclitaxel arm, while more mucositis, fatigue and neutropenia occurred in the docetaxel arm. CONCLUSION Taxane/cisplatin combinations were active for advanced breast cancer, while there appeared to be evidence in favor of a docetaxel/cisplatin combination. The toxicity in favor of docetaxel/cisplatin warrants future first-line clinical trials.
Opinion Mining in Online Reviews About Distance Education Programs

The popularity of distance education programs is increasing at a fast pace. En par with this development, online communication in fora, social media and reviewing platforms between students is increasing as well. Exploiting this information to support fellow students or institutions requires to extract the relevant opinions in order to automatically generate reports providing an overview of pros and cons of different distance education programs. We report on an experiment involving distance education experts with the goal to develop a dataset of reviews annotated with relevant categories and aspects in each category discussed in the specific review together with an indication of the sentiment. Based on this experiment, we present an approach to extract general categories and specific aspects under discussion in a review together with their sentiment. We frame this task as a multi-label hierarchical text classification problem and empirically investigate the performance of different classification architectures to couple the prediction of a category with the prediction of particular aspects in this category. We evaluate different architectures and show that a hierarchical approach leads to superior results in comparison to a flat model which makes decisions independently.
Cognitive beliefs and positive emotions about change: Relationships with employee change readiness and change-supportive behaviors

Research has focused on individuals’ beliefs about change when considering the antecedents of employee change readiness. Our study is unique as we identify beliefs and positive emotions about change as proximal antecedents of change readiness. In Study 1, a cross-sectional study of 252 government workers, measures of change beliefs, positive emotions about change and change readiness were developed and tested. Study 1 examined relationships between these constructs. In Study 2, we collected data at two time points separated by 3 months from 199 employees. Study 2 examined the direct and indirect relationships among change beliefs, positive emotions about change, change readiness and change-supportive behaviors. Structural equation modeling results provided support for the validity of our measures. In both studies, cognitive beliefs about change and positive emotions about change were significantly associated with change readiness. Study 2 provided support for indirect and direct relationships between change beliefs and positive emotions and change behaviors. An implication of this research is that failure to consider positive emotions about change means ignoring a key source of variation in change readiness. Practically, results suggest a need to develop both change beliefs and positive emotions about change to enhance employees’ change readiness and change-supportive behaviors.
PENERAPAN MODEL FLIPPED CLASSROOM TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIS SISWA MA

Rendahnya kemampuan pemahaman konsep matematis siswa di MAN Krui Pessisir Barat disebabkan karena cara pengajaran guru yang masih menerapkan model pembelajaran Langsung. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh model Flipped Classroom, dan model pembelajaran Konvensional terhadap kemamuan pemahaman konsep matematis. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah peserta didik kelas X MAN Krui Pessisir Barat Tahun 2017/2018. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimen dengan teknik purposive sampling, didapat kelas X IPA 1 sebagai kelompok eksperimen dan kelas X IPA 2 sebagai kelompok kontrol. Instrumen yang digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data adalah tes pemahaman konsep matematis. Untuk uji normalitas menggunakan uji Liliefors, uji homogenitas menggunakan uji kesamaan dua varians. Uji hipotesis yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu uji-t. Dari hasil penelitian uji statistik menunjukkan bahwa nilai dari berdasarkan perhitungan yang diperoleh , dan = sehingga , dengan taraf nyata 0,05 dengan kata lain di tolak dan terima . Sehingga berdasarkan perhitungan tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa pemahaman konsep matematis siswa MA dengan menggunakan model Flipped Classroom lebih baik dari model konvensional pada pelajaran relasi dan fungsi.
Stochastic Idiosyncratic Cash Flow Risk and Real Options: Implications for Stock Returns

Stocks with high idiosyncratic volatility perform poorly relative to low idiosyncratic volatility stocks. We offer a novel explanation of this anomaly based on real options, which is consistent with earlier findings on idiosyncratic volatility (the positive contemporaneous relation between firm-level stock returns and idiosyncratic volatility). Our approach is based on introducing stochastic idiosyncratic cash flow risk into an equity valuation model of firms with growth options. Within our model, a firm's systematic risk depends on the delta of its growth option. The growth option's delta is lower when idiosyncratic volatility rises, driving down the firm's systematic risk and hence its expected return – firms with higher idiosyncratic volatility therefore have lower expected returns. Our model additionally offers the following novel empirical predictions: (i) returns correlate positively with idiosyncratic volatility during intervals between large changes in idiosyncratic volatility (the switch effect), and (ii) the anomalies and the switch effect are stronger for firms with more real options and which undergo larger changes in idiosyncratic volatility. Empirical results support the predictions of our model.
Near- and Mid-Infrared Photometry of High-Redshift 3CR Sources

Using the Spitzer Space Telescope, we have obtained 3.6-24 μm photometry of 38 radio galaxies and 24 quasars from the 3CR (Third Cambridge Revised Catalog of Radio Sources) at redshift 1 < z < 2.5. This 178 MHz selected sample is unbiased with respect to orientation and therefore suited to study orientation-dependent effects in the most powerful active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Quasar and radio galaxy subsamples matched in isotropic radio luminosity are compared. The quasars all have similar spectral energy distributions (SEDs), nearly constant in νFν through the rest 1.6-10 μm range, consistent with a centrally heated dust distribution that outshines the host galaxy contribution. The radio galaxy SEDs show larger dispersion, but the mean radio galaxy SED declines from rest 1.6 to 3 μm and then rises from 3 to 8 μm. The radio galaxies are on average a factor 3-10 less luminous in this spectral range than the quasars. These characteristics are consistent with composite emission from a heavily reddened AGN plus starlight from the host galaxy. The mid-infrared colors and radio to mid-infrared spectral slopes of individual galaxies are also consistent with this picture. Individual galaxies show different amounts of extinction and host galaxy starlight, consistent with the orientation-dependent unified scheme.
Who, where, when and what: discover spatio-temporal topics for twitter users

Micro-blogging services, such as Twitter, and location-based social network applications have generated short text messages associated with geographic information, posting time, and user ids. The availability of such data received from users offers a good opportunity to study the user's spatial-temporal behavior and preference. In this paper, we propose a probabilistic model W4 (short for Who+Where+When+What) to exploit such data to discover individual users' mobility behaviors from spatial, temporal and activity aspects. To the best of our knowledge, our work offers the first solution to jointly model individual user's mobility behavior from the three aspects. Our model has a variety of applications, such as user profiling and location prediction; it can be employed to answer questions such as ``Can we infer the location of a user given a tweet posted by the user and the posting time? " Experimental results on two real-world datasets show that the proposed model is effective in discovering users' spatial-temporal topics, and outperforms state-of-the-art baselines significantly for the task of location prediction for tweets.