Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
To stay or not to stay: modeling engagement dynamics in social graphs

Given a large social graph, how can we model the engagement properties of nodes? Can we quantify engagement both at node level as well as at graph level? Typically, engagement refers to the degree that an individual participates (or is encouraged to participate) in a community and is closely related to the important property of nodes' departure dynamics, i.e., the tendency of individuals to leave the community. In this paper, we build upon recent work in the field of game theory, where the behavior of individuals (nodes) is modeled by a technology adoption game. That is, the decision of a node to remain engaged in the graph is affected by the decision of its neighbors, and the "best practice" for each individual is captured by its core number - as arises from the k-core decomposition. After modeling and defining the engagement dynamics at node and graph level, we examine whether they depend on structural and topological features of the graph. We perform experiments on a multitude of real graphs, observing interesting connections with other graph characteristics, as well as a clear deviation from the corresponding behavior of random graphs. Furthermore, similar to the well known results about the robustness of real graphs under random and targeted node removals, we discuss the implications of our findings on a special case of robustness - regarding random and targeted node departures based on their engagement level.
Long-term management of patients with bipolar disorder

Bipolar Disorder is a highly recurrent illness inducing considerable disability and morbidity. The first episode appears in the second or third decade of life, highlighting the importance of clinically effective maintenance treatment for this disorder. Many medications are useful for the treatment of mania, but fewer are efficient for prophylaxis. This update reviews the latest clinical trials on maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder and points to the advantages of using lithium, lamotrigine, olanzapine, valproate, and, to a lesser extent, carbamazepine. Although the majority of studies include medications in monotherapy, it is frequently necessary in clinical practice to combine two different treatments, especially in severely affected patients. While treatment should be started as soon as possible, long-term treatment remains the major challenge.
The influence of different physical education programs on police students’ physical abilities

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine the influence of different Specialized Physical Education (SPE) teaching programs on the level of students’ physical abilities. Design/methodology/approach – In the Academy of Criminalistic and Police Studies (ACPS), one of the teaching program goals is an improvement of student's physical abilities level. Since the establishment of ACPS, three SPE programs have been implemented differing in number of class hours. Five different tests were used: “Isometric dead lift,” “Hand grip,” the Long jump (LJ), the Sit-up test and the Cooper test. Findings – Multivariate analysis of variance results indicated a statistically significant difference between the programs in tests LJ, Sit-up and Cooper. The Bonferroni test showed differences between all three programs. The discriminant analysis showed that both discriminant factors are statistically significant. The greatest factor in the first function was the test LJ, while the greatest factor in the second discrimin.
A Novel Micro-Biopsy Actuator for Capsular Endoscope using LIGA Process

This paper presents the LiGA (a German acronym for lithographie, galvanoformung, abformung) process based microactuator to be used for microbiopsy in capsular endoscopes. This microactuator is designed to be integrated into a capsular endoscope and to extract tissue samples inside small gastrointestine which a conventional endoscope cannot reach. The proposed microactuator was fabricated as a cylindrical shape of diameter 10 mm and length 1.8 mm. This actuator consists of 3 parts: microbiopsy part with microspike, actuating part with torsion spring, and triggering part with shape memory alloy (SMA) heating wire and polymer string. In order to extract sample tissue, a micro-spike in the developed actuator moves forward and backward using slider-crank mechanism. For the low power consumption triggering, polymer-melting scheme was applied. The SMA heating wire consumed approximately 1.5 V times 160 mA times 1 sec (66.67 muWH) for triggering. The precise components of the microactuator were fabricated using the LiGA process in order to overcome the limitations in accuracy of conventional precision machining. The developed microactuator was evaluated by extracting tissue samples from small intestine of a pig ex vivo, and examining the tissue with the Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining protocol. The experimental tests demonstrated that developed microactuator with microspike successfully extracted tissue samples from the pig's small intestines.
Self-Initiated Problem Presentation in Prenatal Checkups: Its Placement and Construction

Unlike primary care acute visits, which are occasioned by a matter of concern to the patient, regular prenatal checkups provide no structural positions for presenting problems that they wish to discuss. I find that there does nevertheless seem to be a systematic sequential position (namely, where an incipient activity is in progress) at which pregnant women can and do raise their concerns. I examine the defensive and evidence-sensitive nature of the construction of the problem presentations initiated at this position. I thereby demonstrate the mutual dependence between the position and construction of problem presentations. The position and construction of presentations are consequential to the way in which health-care professionals respond to them; they may engender a cycle where the pregnant woman (re)attempts to legitimize her original problem presentation and the health-care professional (re)attempts to confirm her or his no-problem response. In conclusion, I discuss some implications of the present study for the study of medical interaction in particular and the study of human interaction in general.
Inducing the μ and the Bμ term by the radion and the 5d Chern-Simons term

In 5-dimensional models with gauge-Higgs unification, the F-term vacuum expectation value of the radion provides, in close analogy to the Giudice-Masiero mechanism, a natural source for the μ and Bμ term. Both the leading order gauge theory lagrangian and the supersymmetric Chern-Simons term contain couplings to the radion superfield which can be used for this purpose. We analyse the basic features of this mechanism for μ term generation and provide an explicit example, based on a variation of the SU(6) gauge-Higgs unification model of Burdman and Nomura. This construction contains all the relevant features used in our generic analysis. More generally, we expect our mechanism to be relevant to many of the recently discussed orbifold GUT models derived from heterotic string theory. This provides an interesting way of testing high-scale physics via Higgs mass patterns accessible at the LHC.
Cardiomyopathy in Friedreich Ataxia

Friedreich ataxia is the most common human ataxia and results from inadequate production of the frataxin protein, most often the result of a triplet expansion in the nuclear FXN gene. The gene cannot be transcribed to generate the messenger ribonucleic acid for frataxin. Frataxin is an iron-binding protein targeted to the mitochondrial matrix. In its absence, multiple iron-sulfur-dependent proteins in mitochondria and the cytosol lack proper assembly, destroying mitochondrial and nuclear function. Mitochondrial oxidant stress may also participate in ongoing cellular injury. Although progressive and debilitative ataxia is the most prominent clinical finding, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with heart failure is the most common cause of early death in this disease. There is no cure. In this review the authors cover recent basic and clinical findings regarding the heart in Friedreich ataxia, offer recommendations for clinical management of the cardiomyopathy in this disease, and point out new research directions to advance the field.
Feedback Practices as a Function of Teacher and Pupil Race during Reading Group Instruction.

Competent teachers of reading have suggested for a long time that those learnings to which positive feelings are attached are remembered better and are recalled more easily. Hence, their pupils are given all mariner of positive feedback which they expect to leave a mark on tbe academic and classroom behaviors of the pupils. As the public schools have moved aggressively toward classroom integration, and with the advent of criterion mastery testing arnd promotion plans, the reading teacher has encountered somertmes debilitating conflicts in role performance. Clearly, these developments have forced the reading teacher to make time-use deciso ons, often resulting in the teacher opting for cognitive growth while neglecting the "human relations" aspects of his/her c1-:ssroom. The reading group, by its content and smaller size, is an arrangement in which teacher-pupil interaction can be optirmized. Thus, an analysis of the amount and quality of a reading reacher"s feedback behaviors toward her pupils is one way to identify the degree of adjustment made to these curriculum and desegregation changes. Much of the past research has been Gn teacher attitudes and expectancies for black and Mexican-American versus white pupils. These studies have also been carried out while the, teacher interacted with her total class. Amruong the morgeneral studies, Rosenthal and Jacobsen' speculated that teachers treqt the pupils they
Cancer stem cell antigen-based vaccines: the preferred strategy for active specific immunotherapy of metastatic melanoma?

Introduction: There are now two chemotherapy agents, one tyrosine kinase inhibitor and three immunotherapy products approved for the treatment of metastatic melanoma, but an unmet need persists because these options are toxic and of limited therapeutic benefit. Active specific immunotherapy with therapeutic vaccines could be a useful addition to the therapeutic armamentarium, especially in patients whose tumor burden has been reduced by other treatment modalities. Areas covered: This article reviews various sources of melanoma antigens, such as peptides, gangliosides, autologous tumor and cancer stem cells including allogeneic and autologous cell lines. The advantages and disadvantages of various antigen sources and allogeneic and autologous approaches are discussed with an emphasis on the theoretical benefits of immunizing against cancer stem cells. The results from published randomized trials testing the benefit of various vaccine approaches are summarized, as well as promising results from three Phase II trials (one randomized) of patient-specific stem cell antigen-based products. Expert opinion: Immune responses directed toward the unique neoantigens and stem cell antigens expressed on continuously proliferating, self-renewing, autologous tumor cells could potentially overcome the limitations inherent in these other antigen-based approaches, that to date, have yielded disappointing results in randomized trials.
Multilocus sequence typing of 102 Burkholderia pseudomallei strains isolated from China

SUMMARY The phylogenetic and epidemiological relationships of 102 Burkholderia pseudomallei clinical isolates from different geographical and population sources in China were investigated by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). The MLST data were analysed using the e-BURST algorithm, and an unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic mean dendrogram was constructed based on the pair-wise differences in the allelic profiles of the strains. Forty-one sequence types (STs) were identified, of which eight were novel (ST1341, ST1345, ST1346, ST1347, ST1348, ST1349, ST1350, ST1351). No geographical-specific or host population-specific phylogenetic lineages were identified. ST46, ST50, ST55, ST58, ST70 and ST1095 predominated, but ~44% of isolates were assigned to 45 STs illustrating high genetic diversity in the strain collection. Additionally, the phylogenetic relationships of the dominant STs in China showed significant linkeage with B. pseudomallei isolates from Thailand. Analysis of the gmhD allele suggests high genetic variation in B. pseudomallei in China.
Adaptive synchronous reference frame virtual impedance controller for accurate power sharing in islanded ac-microgrids: A faster alternative to the conventional droop control

The proportional power sharing has been identified as an important issue to guarantee reliability on the operation of low voltage AC-Microgrids. However, inaccurate reactive power sharing in scenarios with line impedance mismatches, and slow transient response remain important limitations of most of the conventional power sharing controllers. In this context, an improved method for power sharing control based on a synchronous reference frame virtual impedance primary controller and a decentralized adaptive virtual impedance algorithm is proposed. This strategy achieves an accurate active and reactive power sharing performance, in spite of the mismatch of the feeder impedances values, and without an accurate knowledge of the line parameters. Additionally, a faster response in comparison with the conventional droop control approaches are achieved without centralized communication requirements, using distributed communications between neighbor generation units. Conditions of the virtual impedance parameters to guarantee an accurate power sharing performance are presented, a cyber-physical model of the control strategy is developed, and the impacts of constant communication time delays on the power sharing performance are discussed. Numerical electromagnetic-transient simulations are performed to compare the performance of the conventional droop control approach with the proposed strategy, as well as, to evaluate the impact of communication delays.
Prevalence of Neisseria meningitidis carriers in children under five years of age and teenagers in certain populations of Mexico City.

OBJECTIVE To carry out a pilot study to discover the frequency of colonization in healthy children under five years old and teenagers, as well as the distribution of the different N. meningitidis serogroups isolated from nasopharyngeal samples collected from the population under study. MATERIAL AND METHODS The population included youth between 15 and 19 years old living in social rehabilitation centers (SRC) and university teenagers (UT) as well as children under the age of five attending day care centers (DCC) in Mexico City. Nasopharyngeal exudates were processed using standard microbiological techniques in order to identify Nm, the serogroup, type and subtype of these isolates. RESULTS A total of 2 310 samples (774 SRC, 800 UT and 736 DCC) were taken. Total prevalence of Nm was 1.6 per cent. In teenagers living in SRC the prevalence was 2.9%. The most frequent serogroups were Y (29.7%), C (24.3%) and B (10.8%). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of carriers in the study environment was significant (1.6%) and similar to countries in which the invasive illness is much more frequent.
Toward a Critical Understanding of Gendered Color-Blind Racism Within the U.S. Welfare Institution

Over the past 100 years, sociologists have been exploring and debating the components, origins, and effects of racism in every social institution in the United States. Although scholars have studied the structural racism inherent in the institution of welfare, no sociologist has fully applied a critical framework to understand the contemporary manifestations of gendered color-blind racism within the institution. This article combines Bonilla-Silva’s theory of color-blind racism with Hill-Collins’s concept of controlling images to advance the framework of gendered color-blind racism that can help to critically examine and understand the experiences of Black women within the social welfare system.
grandparents as educators and carers in China

Many grandparents play a significant role as educators and carers of children in the preschool years. Recently, this role has become the focus of much early childhood research as challenges facing grandparent carers and grandparent-headed households increasingly become an economic and social issue. Using survey data from China we explore the role of grandparents who have a primary care responsibility for a young child and discuss this contribution to the family in relation to quality of care and education. We argue that grandparents play a significant role in terms of home education of the young, workforce support for young parents, cultural identity within families and community capacity building. Grandparents are therefore deserving of more sustained attention from policy makers and educators when considering the young child's developmental environment.
Studies on the fine structure of spermatids and spermatozoa of the crab, Pinnixia sp.

Early spermatids of the carb, Pinnixia sp. , are characterized by a large nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio. During early spermiogenesis an organelle, composed of pentalaminar membranes derived from the endoplasmic reticulum and nuclear membranes, is formed. Portions of this organelle become incorporated within a cylinder‐shaped invagination of the acrosome. Portions of the nuclear membrane disappear beneath the acrosome resulting in intermingling of nucleoplasm, centrioles and mitochondria. The nuclear membrane elsewhere is found as a pentalaminar membrane underlying the plasma membrane. Centrioles are found in mature spermatozoa at the base of the cylinder‐shaped acrosomal invagination, and mitochondria are found intermingled with nuclear remanants surrounding the acrosome. This datum is compared to previously described events in spermiogenesis of other decapod crustacea and arthropods exhibiting similar modes of spermiogenesis. It is concluded that the differences and/or similarities exhibited by centrioles and mitochondria in these forms could be significant in terms of subsequent zygote differentiation.
Development and Serial Cell-Free Passage of a Highly Potent Strain of Mouse Leukemia Virus.∗

Summary 1. A strain of a filterable mouse leukemia agent has been developed from a spontaneous Ak leukemia through several successive cell-free inoculations of newborn C3H mice. 2. This agent induced acute, generalized leukemia within 2 1/2 to 3 1/2 months in 40 to 100% of the inoculated newborn C3H mice (Bittner substrain). 3. Newborn mice had to be inoculated; adult C3H mice were with few exceptions resistant to inoculation of the cell-free agent. 4. The leukemic agent could be preserved at −70°C from 46 days to 5 1/2 months, with no apparent loss of infectivity.
The Bloomington School and American Institutionalism

In this article I will make an attempt to connect the Bloomington School, i.e. the work of Vincent and Elinor Ostrom, to the philosophy and theories of American institutionalism. In the fi rst section I will characterize American institutionalism with a brief description of the work of Th orstein Veblen and John R. Commons. American institutionalism is also referred to as Old, or Original Institutional Economics (OIE). 1 In order to get a sharper picture I will contrast their work with the New Institutional Economics (NIE), of which Oliver Williamson, the other 2009 Nobel laureate, is a good representative. In the second section I will elaborate the philosophical underpinnings of OIE in pragmatism, the foundation of which was laid by Charles S. Peirce. I will discuss the more recent ideas within OIE by means of an explication of “the instrumental value theory,” which is based on insights of Veblen and John Dewey. Aft er having characterized OIE, I will discuss in the third section the Bloomington School based on the work of Paul Aligica and Peter Boettke. I will close with a few remarks on the similarities between the Bloomington School and American Institutionalism and discuss some implications concerning the methodology of doing institutional analysis.
Changes in Wives' Employment When Husbands Stop Working: A Recession‐Prosperity Comparison

American families are experiencing the effects of the “Great Recession. ” Most of the job losses are accruing to men, so families may find it strategic for wives to enter the labor force, or increase their work hours. We consider this possibility using the May 2008 and 2009 Current Population Survey, and compare findings to May 2004 and 2005 data, a time of relative prosperity. We find that wives of husbands who stopped working during the recession were more likely to increase work hours, and more likely to commence or seek work. During the Great Recession years, the effect for wives entering the labor force is significantly greater than during the earlier years of relative prosperity.
Slow response to loss of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus.

BACKGROUND To achieve glycemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends intensification of glucose-lowering therapy when the glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level exceeds 8.0%. OBJECTIVE To study glycemic control before and after initiation of secondary antihyperglycemic therapy to better understand the pace and patterns of therapeutic failure and clinical responses to failure. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective, population-based observational study. PATIENTS AND METHODS From a 12-year-old diabetes registry of members of Kaiser Permanente Northwest, a large group-model HMO, we tracked the glycemic control histories of all 570 registrants who, in 1998, added metformin therapy to sulphonylurea monotherapy. RESULTS The last HbA1c level before metformin use averaged 9.4%. Metabolic decompensation accelerated over time. Patients typically spent numerous months at and had several measurements of HbA1c >8.0% before a final glycemic spike to >9.0%. Persons experiencing more gradual failure accumulated greater glycemic burdens before changing therapy. CONCLUSIONS The level of HbA1c that seemed to trigger glucose-lowering action was 9.0% or higher, not 8.0% as recommended by the ADA. A substantial hyperglycemic peak preceded change in therapy even in this relatively tightly controlled population with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Earlier therapeutic changes, but not more frequent testing, would prevent the glycemic excursions we observed. Low mean HbA1c levels in populations do not necessarily indicate that loss of glycemic control is being rapidly addressed for most patients. More research is needed to estimate the impact of these peaks on current well-being and future complications.
Identifying and Ranking Topic Clusters in the Blogosphere

The blogosphere is a huge collaborativ ely constructed resource containing diverse and rich information. This diversity and richness presents a significant research challenge to the Information Retrieval community. This paper addresses this challenge by proposing a method for identification of “topic clusters” within the blogosphere where topic clusters represent the concept of grouping together blogs sharing a common interest i.e. topic, the algorithm takes into account both the hyperlinked social network of blogs along with the content in the blog posts. Additionally we use various forms and parts-of-speech of the topic to provide a broader coverage of the blogosphere. The next step of the method is to assign topic-specific ranks to each blog in the cluster using a metric called “Topic Discussion Rank,” that helps in identifying the most influential blog for a specific topic. We also perform an experimental evaluation of our method on real blog data and show that the proposed method reaches a high level of accuracy.