Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A socioecological analysis of participation in physical activity by rural-dwelling older adult women

According to Wilcox et al. (2000), rural women are more sedentary than urban women and they identify more personal barriers to engagement in physical activity. Despite the use of tailored interventions, older adults have not improved their adherence to or adoption of physical activity behaviors over the past decade (CDC, 2002). The use of a socio-ecological framework similar to one proposed by McLeroy et al. (1988) may increase our understanding of individual, social, and environmental factors that influence physical activity in rural older women. The purpose of this study was to identify individual, environmental, and social factors that influence physical activity participation for older adult women living in rural Georgia. This case study employed the constant comparative method to analyze data collected from interviews, observations and document analysis. The community for the case was a moderate sized rural town in South Georgia. Findings indicate that there are individual, environmental, and social factors influencing physical activity participation. Individual factors include health, life context and personal attributes. Environmental factors are comprised of natural and structural characteristics of the community. Social factors include interpersonal support, organizational factors, and public images of older adults. Three conclusions were derived from this study. First, a combination of factors influences physical activity behaviors. Second, individual perceptions shape the depiction of a factor as a barrier or a facilitator. Third, women seem to adapt to the presence of barriers by shaping their environment to accomplish desired life activities. Implications for practice include the need for multilevel community health promotion. Research on the effectiveness of rural community health initiatives is indicated. Future research might also include an analysis of how aesthetics influences physical activity participation. Finally, gaining understanding of how older adults adapt to be able to engage in valued activities may enhance our ability to provide interventions that promote physical activity for older adults living in rural communities.
High b‐value q‐space diffusion MRS of nerves: structural information and comparison with histological evidence

High b‐value q‐space diffusion MRS was used to study the diffusion characteristics of formalin‐fixed swine optic and sciatic nerves over a large range of diffusion times (3.7–99.3 ms). The very short diffusion time range was studied with a 1 ms resolution. The displacement distribution profiles obtained were fitted to a bi‐Gaussian function, and structural parameters were extracted from the q‐space diffusion MRS data. This structural information was correlated with axon sizes obtained by histological examination. It was found that high b‐value q‐space diffusion MRS can easily distinguish between the two nerve types. The root mean square displacements (rmsds) of both the slow and fast diffusing components of the optic nerves were found to be smaller than those of the sciatic nerves. When the rmsd was plotted against the square root of the diffusion time (t d1/2 ), it was found that all four components showed an increase in rmsd; this increase was significantly smaller than expected from the Einstein equation. However, the most restricted component is the slow diffusing component of the optic nerve. This is also the only diffusing component that shows a large change in the slope (i.e. a ‘breaking point’) of the plot of rmsd as a function of t d1/2 . This rmsd is very similar to the mean axon size of these optic nerves determined histologically. Such a change in slope was less apparent for the slow diffusing component of sciatic nerves, which showed a wider distribution of axon size in histological images. The fast diffusing components of both nerve types showed only a small gradual change in the slope of rmsd plotted against t d1/2 . These findings are discussed in the context of component assignment, origin of restriction, and relationships between the structural information extracted from q‐space diffusion MRS and histological examination. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Eradication of B-lineage cells and regression of lymphoma in a patient treated with autologous T cells genetically engineered to recognize CD19.

Adoptive transfer of genetically modified T cells is an attractive approach for generating antitumor immune responses. We treated a patient with advanced follicular lymphoma by administering a preparative chemotherapy regimen followed by autologous T cells genetically engineered to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) that recognized the B-cell antigen CD19. The patient's lymphoma underwent a dramatic regression, and B-cell precursors were selectively eliminated from the patient's bone marrow after infusion of anti-CD19-CAR-transduced T cells. Blood B cells were absent for at least 39 weeks after anti-CD19-CAR-transduced T-cell infusion despite prompt recovery of other blood cell counts. Consistent with eradication of B-lineage cells, serum immunoglobulins decreased to very low levels after treatment. The prolonged and selective elimination of B-lineage cells could not be attributed to the chemotherapy that the patient received and indicated antigen-specific eradication of B-lineage cells. Adoptive transfer of anti-CD19-CAR-expressing T cells is a promising new approach for treating B-cell malignancies. This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials. gov as #NCT00924326.
The Dynamics of Information Collaboration: A Case Study of Blended IT Value Propositions for Health Information Exchange in Disability Determination

Special Issue Recent developments in health information technology (health IT) for health information exchange suggest that successful public-private collaborations should devote more attention to understanding the dynamics of collaboration. In the context of health information sharing for disability determination, this case study examines early instances of public-private interorganizational sharing of health information. The theoretical focus of the paper is on the construction of blended value propositions and their role in collaboration for health information exchange. For this purpose, we performed a case analysis of a prototype health IT application to be shared between the United States Social Security Administration and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center. The case analysis found that business, socio-organizational, and technical dynamics were operative during the planning and execution of the prototype. From a theoretical perspective, the case study provides insight into blended value propositions in terms of understanding and potentially predicting the success of newly established Health Information Exchanges (HIEs). The findings have implications for further development of collaboration value propositions and their evolution over the course of IT deployments for health information exchange.
Optimal dynamic pricing for morning commute parking with occupancy information

Downtown parking is a challenging issue for both travelers and transportation planners. The objective of this paper is to maximize the benets of parking management by optimal pricing and sensing. A generic parking model is presented for a set of sequential parking lots. Provided with the real-time parking information or with sucient experience, travelers make parking location choices and/or departure time choices to minimize their generalized travel cost. We consider a general parking searching time function with respect to the occupancy. When the demand is inelastic in departure time, we show that the system optimum (SO) pricing solution is not unique. The non-uniqueness indeed oers much exibility to set dierent
Validation of Skeletal Muscle cis-Regulatory Module Predictions Reveals Nucleotide Composition Bias in Functional Enhancers

We performed a genome-wide scan for muscle-specific cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) using three computational prediction programs. Based on the predictions, 339 candidate CRMs were tested in cell culture with NIH3T3 fibroblasts and C2C12 myoblasts for capacity to direct selective reporter gene expression to differentiated C2C12 myotubes. A subset of 19 CRMs validated as functional in the assay. The rate of predictive success reveals striking limitations of computational regulatory sequence analysis methods for CRM discovery. Motif-based methods performed no better than predictions based only on sequence conservation. Analysis of the properties of the functional sequences relative to inactive sequences identifies nucleotide sequence composition can be an important characteristic to incorporate in future methods for improved predictive specificity. Muscle-related TFBSs predicted within the functional sequences display greater sequence conservation than non-TFBS flanking regions. Comparison with recent MyoD and histone modification ChIP-Seq data supports the validity of the functional regions.
Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor (PEDF) is a Determinant of Stem Cell Fate: Lessons from an Ultra-Rare Disease

PEDF is a secreted glycoprotein that is widely expressed by multiple organs. Numerous functional contributions have been attributed to PEDF with antiangiogenic, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, and neurotrophic properties among the most prominent. The discovery that null mutations in the PEDF gene results in Osteogenesis Imperfecta Type VI, a rare autosomal recessive bone disease characterized by multiple fractures, highlights a critical developmental function for this protein. This ultra-rare orphan disease has provided biological insights into previous studies that noted PEDF’s effects on various stem cell populations. In addition to bone development, PEDF modulates resident stem cell populations in the brain, muscle, and eye. Functional effects on human embryonic stem cells have also been demonstrated. An overview of recent advances in our understanding by which PEDF regulates stem cells and their potential clinical applications will be evaluated in this review.
The Effects of Relearning With Audiovisual Support on EFL Learner,s Vocabulary Recall

This study investigated relearning with audiovisual support. The researcher-teacher used video for her freshman English Reading class and tested its effects on word recall. To help students remember forty newly-introduced words from four news stories, two weeks later, the four news videos were broadcast in four audiovisual modes to four groups of students alternately: (1) captioned, (2) non-captioned, (3) silent captioned and (4) screen-off. Results show that the four groups of students recalled 17.65 to18.81 words on average in the second encounter with forty target words through video in different modes. Concerning the audiovisual effects on vocabulary learning, audio track only (screen-off video) prompted the participants to recall the greatest number of target words than the other three modalities. Drawing upon the cognitive theory of multimedia learning, this study aims to raise awareness of the modality effect when using video as a repetition medium for vocabulary consolidation.
Dual-career couple counselling: An elaboration of life-design paradigm

Life-design counselling discourse originator, Mark Savickas, calls for its expansion from an individual intervention to encompass interpersonal and intimate relationships. In this article, a fictitious foreign-service couple – configured from the author’s recent case files for authenticity – illustrates use of a modified Career Construction Interview in life-design counselling for resolution of life–career conundrums commonly experienced by dual-career couples. Practical models and seminal resources are identified for those unfamiliar with the dual-career couple construct or inexperienced with couple counselling. A strategy and topics for future field research collaboration between academics and career practitioners are suggested.
Efficacy of Inhaled Levalbuterol Compared to Albuterol in Horses with Recurrent Airway Obstruction

Background The (R)‐enantiomer of racemic albuterol (levalbuterol) has bronchodilatory properties whereas the (S)‐enantiomer causes adverse effects in human airways, animal models, and isolated equine bronchi. Levalbuterol is commercially available and improves pulmonary function of asthmatic patients with a longer duration of effect than albuterol. Objective To determine the dose at which inhaled levalbuterol produces maximal bronchodilatory effect (EDmax) and determine its duration of action in recurrent airway obstruction (RAO)‐affected horses in comparison to racemic albuterol. Animals Nine horses with inducible and reversible RAO. Methods Randomized, crossover trial. Horses were challenged with moldy hay to induce airway obstruction. Horses were treated with nebulized albuterol or levalbuterol chosen randomly. Pulmonary function testing (PFT) was measured before and for up to 3 hours after bronchodilatation challenge. Maximum change in transpulmonary pressure (DP max) was measured to assess the dose effect and duration of action of each drug. After a 24 hours washout period, the bronchodilatation challenge was repeated with the second bronchodilator. Results The duration of effect was 60 minutes for albuterol and 120 minutes for levalbuterol. The dose of bronchodilator EDmax was not significantly different between albuterol and levalbuterol (EDmax = 125.0 [125–125 μg] and EDmax = 188 [125–188 μg] respectively; P = .068). The magnitude of bronchodilatation was not significantly different between the 2 treatments (61.1 and 59.9% decrease in DP max for albuterol and levalbuterol respectively; P = .86). Conclusions and clinical importance Levalbuterol is as effective a bronchodilator as albuterol; although levalbuterol lasts twice as long as albuterol, its duration of action is still too short to make it practical for RAO treatment.
Misère canonical forms of partizan games

We show that partizan games admit canonical forms in mis\`ere play. The proof is a synthesis of the canonical form theorems for normal-play partizan games and mis\`ere-play impartial games. It is fully constructive, and algorithms readily emerge for comparing mis\`ere games and calculating their canonical forms. We use these techniques to show that there are precisely 256 games born by day 2, and to obtain a bound on the number of games born by day 3.
Informal Allopathic Provider Knowledge and Practice Regarding Hypertension in Urban and Rural Bangladesh

Objectives Describe informal allopathic practitioner (IAP) knowledge and practice about management of hypertension and identify gaps in IAP knowledge and practice amenable to interventions. Methods A cross sectional descriptive survey of 642 IAPs in Kamalapur (urban) and Mirsarai (rural) Bangladesh was conducted from March to April, 2011. Using a structured, pre-tested questionnaire sociodemographic, training, knowledge and practice data about management of hypertension was collected. Comparative statistics were preformed to show differences between urban and rural practitioners using SAS 8.0. Findings 99.4% of IAPs were male, mean age was 37.5 (12.5 SD) years. Greater than 65% correctly identified the upper limit of normal blood pressure. 50.2% underestimated lower limit of systolic hypertension. 79.8% allowed age to affect their treatment approach. As blood pressure increased, willingness to treat with medication decreased and tendency to refer increased. Sedative/sleeping pills, antidepressants, and beta blockers were the most commonly prescribed medications for prehypertension (58.7%, 50.3% and 53.7% respectively), stage I hypertension (55.0%, 38.6%, 49.8% respectively) and stage II hypertension (42.4%, 23.7%, and 28.8% respectively). Rural IAPs were more likely than urban IAPs to treat (84.7% vs 77.7%), order tests (27.1% vs 6.0%) and write prescriptions (60.4% vs 18.7%). Conclusion While IAPs are crucial to Bangladesh’s pluralistic healthcare system, gaps in knowledge and practice could cause unnecessary harm. To include IAPs in the public sector’s fight against the chronic disease epidemic, interventions aimed at standardizing IAPs knowledge and practice will be essential. Successfully utilizing IAPs will have beneficial implications not only for Bangladesh, but for all developing countries.
Assessment of Targeted and Non-Targeted Responses in Cells Deficient in ATM Function following Exposure to Low and High Dose X-Rays

Radiation sensitivity at low and high dose exposure to X-rays was investigated by means of chromosomal aberration (CA) analysis in heterozygous ATM mutation carrier and A-T patient (biallelic ATM mutation) lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs). Targeted and non-targeted responses to acutely delivered irradiation were examined by applying a co-culture system that enables study of both directly irradiated cells and medium-mediated bystander effects in the same experimental setting. No indication of radiation hypersensitivity was observed at doses of 0.01 Gy or 0.1 Gy for the ATM mutation carrier LCL. The A-T patient cells also did not show low-dose response. There was significant increase in unstable CA yields for both ATM mutation carrier and A-T LCLs at 1 and 2 Gy, the A-T cells displaying more distinct dose dependency. Both chromosome and chromatid type aberrations were induced at an increased rate in the irradiated A-T cells, whereas for ATM carrier cells, only unstable chromosomal aberrations were increased above the level observed in the wild type cell line. No bystander effect could be demonstrated in any of the cell lines or doses applied. Characteristics typical for the A-T cell line were detected, i.e., high baseline frequency of CA that increased with dose. In addition, dose-dependent loss of cell viability was observed. In conclusion, CA analysis did not demonstrate low-dose (≤100 mGy) radiosensitivity in ATM mutation carrier cells or A-T patient cells. However, both cell lines showed increased radiosensitivity at high dose exposure.
Early Career Special Education Teachers Perceived Value of Being Mentored By General Education Teachers

Special education induction research has examined mentor support and working conditions of early career special education teachers (ECSETs) for over 20 years. Recently researchers provide specialized professional development to mentors based on suggestions of special education induction research. Drawing on quality indicators of single-subject research and the belief that social validity data is valuable, we used qualitative methods to discover ECSETs’ perceptions of the intervention and the helpfulness of the mentors. We then compared responses of the participants with the existing research in special education induction. Findings indicate the participants appreciated the specialized training for their mentors and perceived their mentors as helpful and affected their teaching experiences. However, similar to existing research, the participants had mixed feelings about their working conditions.
Automatic nonlinear memory power modelling

Power estimation and optimization is an increasingly important issue in IC design. The memory subsystem is a significant aspect, since memory power can dominate total system power. Estimation and optimization hence rely heavily on models for embedded memories. We present an effective black box modelling methology for generating nonlinear memory models automatically. The resulting models are accurate, computationally modest, and in analytical form. They outperform linear models by far. Average absolute relative errors are below 6%.
Synonym Extraction Using a Semantic Distance on a Dictionary

Synonyms extraction is a difficult task to achieve and evaluate. Some studies have tried to exploit general dictionaries for that purpose, seeing them as graphs where words are related by the definition they appear in, in a complex network of an arguably semantic nature. The advantage of using a general dictionary lies in the coverage, and the availability of such resources, in general and also in specialised domains. We present here a method exploiting such a graph structure to compute a distance between words. This distance is used to isolate candidate synonyms for a given word. We present an evaluation of the relevance of the candidates on a sample of the lexicon.
Marriage Delayed or Marriage Forgone? New Cohort Forecasts of First Marriage for U.S. Women

Do recent declines in first marriage rates signal that an increasing proportion of women will remain single their entire lives, or merely that they are postponing marriage to older ages? Our forecasts for cohorts born in the 1950s and 1960s suggest that marriage will remain nearly universal for American women—close to 90 percent of women are predicted to marry. However, separate forecasts by educational attainment reveal a new socioeconomic pattern of first marriage: Whereas in the past, women with more education were less likely to marry, recent college graduates are now forecast to marry at higher levels despite their later entry into first marriage. This educational crossover, which occurs for both black women and white women in recent cohorts, suggests that marriage is increasingly becoming a province of the most educated, a trend that may become a new source of inequality for future generations. Forecasts presented here use data from the 1995 Current Population Survey and compare estimates from the Hemes model with those from the Coale-McNeil model.
Some fast 3D finite element solvers for the generalized Stokes problem

SUMMARY This paper is devoted to a comparison of various iterative solvers for the Stokes problem, based on the preconditioned Uzawa approach. In the first section the basic equations and general results of gradient-like methods are recalled. Then a new class of preconditioners, whose optimality will be shown, is introduced. In the last section numerical experiments and comparisons with multigrid methods prove the quality of these schemes, whose discretization is detailed.