Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Renal Histologic Parameters Influencing Postoperative Renal Function in Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients

Background Pre-existing non-neoplastic renal diseases or lesions may influence patient renal function after tumor removal. However, its description is often neglected or omitted in pathologic reports. To determine the incidence and clinical significance of non-neoplastic lesions, we retrospectively examined renal tissues obtained during 85 radical nephrectomies for renal cell carcinoma. Methods One paraffin-embedded tissue block from each case containing a sufficient amount of non-tumorous renal parenchyma was cut and processed with hematoxylin and eosin and periodic acid-Schiff methods. Non-neoplastic lesions of each histological compartment were semi-quantitatively and quantitatively evaluated. Results Among the various histologic lesions found, tubular atrophy, arterial intimal thickening, and glomerulosclerosis were the most common (94.1%, 91.8%, and 88.2%, respectively). Glomerulosclerosis correlated with estimated glomerular filtration rate at the time of surgery, as well as at 1- and 5-years post-surgery (p=.0071), but tubulointerstitial fibrosis or arterial fibrous intimal thickening did not. Post-hoc analysis revealed that glomerulosclerosis of more than 20% predicted post-operative renal function. However, its significance disappeared when gender and age were considered. Conclusions In conclusion, non-neoplastic lesions, especially with regard to glomerulosclerosis percentage, should be described in pathology reports to provide additional information on renal function decline.
Power Allocation and Group Assignment for Reducing Network Coding Noise in Multi-Unicast Wireless Systems

In this paper, we consider physical-layer network coding (PNC) in a multi-unicast wireless cooperative network with a single relay. We aim to deal with the NC noise, i.e., an additional noise term due to applying NC, with the objective of improving the network data rate. Our approaches are based on relay power-allocation and group-allocation techniques. To this end, we provide a mathematical framework for the achievable information rate of the system with the notion of power assignment at the relay. Based on this framework, we present a novel power-allocation scheme to maximize the total information rate among all the source-destination communication sessions in the network. Further, we provide a closed-form solution for the two-unicast case. Simulation results show that the proposed relay power allocation can significantly help alleviate the adverse effects of NC noise. Next, we propose a group-allocation scheme to assign sessions to different groups for performing PNC at the relay. We combine power allocation and group allocation to further improve performance. The formulated joint optimization problem is NP-hard. Therefore, a suboptimal heuristic algorithm is proposed and implemented at the relay to solve this problem. From the simulation results, the proposed joint group assignment and power-allocation scheme achieves up to 64% overall data rate gain for the multi-unicast system compared with a single-group system with no relay power assignment. This observation shows that PNC can be efficiently harnessed in a multi-unicast cooperative network by exploiting proposed approaches.
When the going gets tough: the influence of expatriate resilience and perceived organizational inclusion climate on work adjustment and turnover intentions

Abstract Despite the strong evidence for the beneficial influence of resilience for employee stress resistance in domestic settings, the construct has not received much attention in the expatriation literature, where stress is considered a major factor for expatriates’ poor cross-cultural adjustment and turnover. Drawing upon conservation of resources theory, the present study examines resilience as an antecedent of expatriate work adjustment and turnover intentions. Furthermore, this study investigates the moderating role of perceived organizational inclusion climate as a resource-protecting organizational factor. Results from a survey of 175 expatriates in South Korea indicate that resilience is positively related to expatriate work adjustment and that these positive effects are more pronounced when expatriates perceive their organizational climate to be highly inclusive. Furthermore, findings suggest that work adjustment mediates the effects of resilience on turnover intentions and that this mediation is moderated by a perceived organizational inclusion climate. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Developing a Standard Definition of Whole-Grain Foods for Dietary Recommendations: Summary Report of a Multidisciplinary Expert Roundtable Discussion

Although the term “whole grain” is well defined, there has been no universal standard of what constitutes a “whole-grain food,” creating challenges for researchers, the food industry, regulatory authorities, and consumers around the world. As part of the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, the U.S. Dietary Guidelines Technical Advisory Committee issued a call to action to develop definitions for whole-grain foods that could be universally accepted and applied to dietary recommendations and planning. The Committee’s call to action, and the lack of a global whole-grain food definition, was the impetus for the Whole Grain Roundtable held 3–5 December 2012 in Chicago, Illinois. The objective was to develop a whole-grain food definition that is consistent with the quartet of needs of science, food product formulation, consumer behavior, and label education. The roundtable’s expert panel represented a broad range of expertise from the United States and Europe, including epidemiology and dietary intervention researchers, consumer educators, government policy makers, and food and nutrition scientists from academia and the grain food industry. Taking into account the totality, quality, and consistency of available scientific evidence, the expert panel recommended that 8 g of whole grain/30 g serving (27 g/100 g), without a fiber requirement, be considered a minimum content of whole grains that is nutritionally meaningful and that a food providing at least 8 g of whole grains/30-g serving be defined as a whole-grain food. Having an established whole-grain food definition will encourage manufacturers to produce foods with meaningful amounts of whole grain, allow consistent product labeling and messaging, and empower consumers to readily identify whole-grain foods and achieve whole-grain dietary recommendations.
Falling Off Track during the Transition to High School: What We Know and What Can Be Done

Ninth grade, observes Ruth Curran Neild, marks a critical juncture in American schooling. Students who manage the academic demands of the transition to high school have a high probability of graduating four years later. But those who do not—who fail to earn as many credits as they should during ninth grade—face a substantially elevated risk of dropping out of high school. Neild examines four theories about why ninth grade poses difficulties for some students. The first is that ninth grade coincides with life-course changes, such as reduced parental supervision and increased peer influence. The second is that in moving to a new school, students must break the bonds they have formed with their middle-school teachers and peers. The third is that some students are inadequately prepared for high school. The final theory is that the organization of some high schools is itself a major source of students’ difficulty. Each theory, says Neild, suggests a particular type of policy response. The strongest evidence, observes Neild, points to inadequate preparation for high school and the organization of high schools. Reform efforts thus far have tended to address high school organization, with or without a focus on instructional quality or helping students to catch up on academic skills. Evaluations of these reforms, says Neild, suggest that both school organization and instructional improvement are necessary to keep ninth graders on track to graduation. Neild notes that school districts and state departments of education also are addressing the problem. In addition to supporting comprehensive school reform with a focus on ninth graders, districts have created accountability indicators of how well high schools are keeping ninth graders on track. States are helping districts to develop their capacity to maintain and analyze data on ninth-grade progress, including “early warning indicator systems” that identify students who are falling off track to graduation.
Perception of visual apparent motion is modulated by a gap within concurrent auditory glides, even when it is illusory

Auditory and visual events often happen concurrently, and how they group together can have a strong effect on what is perceived. We investigated whether/how intra- or cross-modal temporal grouping influenced the perceptual decision of otherwise ambiguous visual apparent motion. To achieve this, we juxtaposed auditory gap transfer illusion with visual Ternus display. The Ternus display involves a multi-element stimulus that can induce either of two different percepts of apparent motion: ‘element motion’ (EM) or ‘group motion’ (GM). In “EM,” the endmost disk is seen as moving back and forth while the middle disk at the central position remains stationary; while in “GM,” both disks appear to move laterally as a whole. The gap transfer illusion refers to the illusory subjective transfer of a short gap (around 100 ms) from the long glide to the short continuous glide when the two glides intercede at the temporal middle point. In our experiments, observers were required to make a perceptual discrimination of Ternus motion in the presence of concurrent auditory glides (with or without a gap inside). Results showed that a gap within a short glide imposed a remarkable effect on separating visual events, and led to a dominant perception of GM as well. The auditory configuration with gap transfer illusion triggered the same auditory capture effect. Further investigations showed that visual interval which coincided with the gap interval (50–230 ms) in the long glide was perceived to be shorter than that within both the short glide and the ‘gap-transfer’ auditory configurations in the same physical intervals (gaps). The results indicated that auditory temporal perceptual grouping takes priority over the cross-modal interaction in determining the final readout of the visual perception, and the mechanism of selective attention on auditory events also plays a role.
Forrelation: A Problem that Optimally Separates Quantum from Classical Computing

We achieve essentially the largest possible separation between quantum and classical query complexities. We do so using a property-testing problem called Forrelation, where one needs to decide whether one Boolean function is highly correlated with the Fourier transform of a second function. This problem can be solved using 1 quantum query, yet we show that any randomized algorithm needs Ω(√(N)log(N)) queries (improving an Ω(N1/4) lower bound of Aaronson). Conversely, we show that this 1 versus Ω(√(N)) separation is optimal: indeed, any t-query quantum algorithm whatsoever can be simulated by an O(N1-1/2t)-query randomized algorithm. Thus, resolving an open question of Buhrman et al. from 2002, there is no partial Boolean function whose quantum query complexity is constant and whose randomized query complexity is linear. We conjecture that a natural generalization of Forrelation achieves the optimal t versus Ω(N1-1/2t) separation for all t. As a bonus, we show that this generalization is BQP-complete. This yields what's arguably the simplest BQP-complete problem yet known, and gives a second sense in which Forrelation "captures the maximum power of quantum computation. "
Characterizing Provability in BI ’ s Pointer Logic through Resource Graphs

We propose a characterization of provability in BI’s Pointer Logic (PL) that is based on semantic structures called resource graphs. This logic has been defined for reasoning about mutable data structures and results about models and verification have been already provided. Here, we define resource graphs that capture PL models by considering heaps as resources and by using a labelling process. We study provability in PL from a new calculus that builds such graphs from which proofs or countermodels can be generated. Properties of soundness and completeness are proved and the countermodel generation is studied.
Current Management of Traumatic Macular Holes

Traumatic macular hole (TMH) is not a rare clinical condition, especially in young population. Its prognosis is of complexity and uncertainty, with a relatively high rate of spontaneous closure in some cases. Modern vitrectomy surgery plays an important role in the treatment of TMH, although the functional outcomes may be compromised by the concomitant retinal pathologies. Decision-making about the time of vitrectomy, especially in pediatric patients, remains to be clarified further.
To assess The Nature of Use of Social Media and Its Impact on Health, Academic Achievement and Social and Family Relationship among the Adolescents in Delhi

Social networking sites are a new revolution in information technology and have begun to play an important role in the lives of all of us; more so for the adolescents. The use of social media has changed the family dynamics and socio-cultural equations in the society. While some of the potential benefits are networking with the fellow colleagues, gain knowledge on desired areas, the use of social media by the adolescents is posing many challenges to them as well as to the parents and the society at large. In view of the above, this study has been conducted to identify some of the most common social media networking sites being used by the adolescents and its impact on the health and family life. The paper will present the type of social media sites among various types of school children. It will discuss the impact on health and family life as reported by the students and suggest some strategies. Objectives: The general objective of the study is to assess the type of social media being used among the adolescents of age group 13-15 years in Delhi and its impact on their health, education, social and family relationship. Specific Objectives are to study the type of use of social media patterns among the adolescents, to study the impact of social media on academic performance of adolescents, to study the impact of social media usage on adolescent’s health and to find out the impact of social media on social and family relationship among the adolescents. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study among 180 adolescents of age group 13-16 years studying in Government and Public schools and Kendriya Vidyalayas in Delhi has been conducted. Results: The results shows that 78% students are using Facebook. About 32% spent half an hour to one hour every day. Various reasons for using social media is to have fun (56%), to connect to peer group (39%) and education and learning (32.8%). 27% reported identity theft and 28% stated feeling pressurized for immediate responses. 26.7% reported that their sleeps gets disturbed and 32% reported that their grades suffer due to social media. Conclusion: Results indicate that the time spent on social media varies among adolescents. The adolescents do feel stressed on using social media as reported by them in disturbed sleep, grades and privacy concerns. Additional research is needed especially in an Indian context in this area. Recommendations: The adolescents can be encouraged to explore new ways of learning and education through social media. The schools can organize special sessions so that adolescents can use these for activities other than just networking. These could be to look for social support, counselling and medical advice especially when the anonymity of clients’ needs is to be ensured. Since cyberbullying is a new phenomenon and is known for causing depression, stress and anxiety, the adolescents who are victims of cyberbullying can be given support.
An Uncertainty Principle for Ultraspherical Expansions

Abstract Motivated by Heisenberg–Weyl type uncertainty principles for the torusTand the sphereS2due to Breitenberger, Narowich, Ward, and others, we derive an uncertainty relation for radial functions on the spheresSn ⊂ R n + 1and, more generally, for ultraspherical expansions on [0, π]. In this setting, the “frequency variance” of aL2-function on [0, π] is defined by means of the ultraspherical differential operator, which plays the role of a Laplacian. Our proof is based on a certain first-order differential-difference operator on the doubled interval [−π, π]. Moreover, using the densitiesftof “Gaussian measures” on [0, π] with the timettending to 0, we show that the bound of our uncertainty principle is optimal.
MuscleMemory: Identifying the scope of wearable technology in high intensity exercise communities

Group-based, high intensity exercise programs motivate athletes to participate in healthy lifestyle changes. Since classes are in a group setting, athletes may not receive the individual attention necessary to master correct form - an important factor to maximize exercise and avoid injury. In this paper, we investigate the potential of a wearable, ambient display technology, MuscleMemory, to help athletes maintain good form and improve communication in group-based, high intensity exercise communities. We explored the feasibility of MuscleMemory by contextually interviewing 14 high intensity exercise community members to understand when they need the most assistance and how communication between coaches and athletes can be improved. Participants thought MuscleMemory could be used to improve how coaches communicate with their athletes - especially to coordinate coaching between different coaches and provide objective feedback.
Global consequences of interactions between clouds and radiation at scales unresolved by global climate models

Horizontal grid‐spacings in conventional atmospheric general circulation models (GCMs) are typically between 100 km and 500 km. Hence, many processes are unresolved and must be parameterized in terms of resolved variables. Development of satisfactory parameterizations of mean‐field (or domain‐average) cloud and radiative processes has been frustratingly slow. Moreover, the sensitivity of conventional GCMs to unresolved interactions between cloud and radiation is unknown. In this study, the native cloud parameterization of a GCM was replaced, in each GCM grid column, by a two‐dimensional cloud system‐resolving model (CSRM). The CSRMs used a horizontal grid‐spacing of 4 km. They were employed to assess the sensitivity of a GCM to the inclusion of interactions between cloud and radiation at unresolved scales as well as sensitivity to accurate domain‐average radiative flux profiles. For a simulation spanning one season, unresolved cloud‐radiation interactions affect the statistics of average cloud fraction and average cloud‐radiative effect, while the accuracy of domain‐average radiative flux profiles had less effect.
PRFS-Based MR Thermometry Versus an Alternative T1 Magnitude Method – Comparative Performance Predicting Thermally Induced Necrosis in Hepatic Tumor Ablation

Objective To compare the accuracy of a semi-quantitative proton resonance frequency shift (PRFS) thermal mapping interface and an alternative qualitative T1 thermometry model in predicting tissue necrosis in an established routine setting of MRI-guided laser ablation in the human liver. Materials and Methods 34 cases of PRFS-guided (GRE) laser ablation were retrospectively matched with 34 cases from an earlier patient population of 73 individuals being monitored through T1 magnitude image evaluation (FLASH 2D). The model-specific real-time estimation of necrotizing thermal impact (above 54 °C zone and T1 signal loss, respectively) was correlated in size with the resulting necrosis as shown by lack of enhancement on the first-day contrast exam (T1). Matched groups were compared using the Mann-Whitney test. Results Online PRFS guidance was available in 33 of 34 cases. Positive size correlation between calculated impact zone and contrast defect at first day was evident in both groups (p < 0.0004). The predictive error estimating necrosis was median 21 % (range 1 % - 52 %) in the PRFS group and 61 % (range 22 - 84 %) in the T1 magnitude group. Differences in estimating lethal impact were significant (p = 0.004), whereas the real extent of therapy-induced necrosis showed no significant difference (p > 0.28) between the two groups. Conclusion PRFS thermometry is feasible in a clinical setting of thermal hepatic tumor ablation. As an interference-free MR-tool for online therapy monitoring its accuracy to predict tissue necrosis is superior to a competing model of thermally induced alteration of the T1 magnitude signal.
Identifying species by genetic clustering

Complex artificial life simulations can yield substantially distinct populations of agents corresponding to different adaptations to a common environment or specialized adaptations to different environments. Here we show how a standard clustering algorithm applied to the artificial genomes of such agents can be used to discover and characterize these subpopulations. As gene changes propagate throughout the population, new subpopulations are produced, which show up as new clusters. Cluster centroids allow us to characterize these different subpopulations and identify their distinct adaptation mechanisms. We suggest these subpopulations may reasonably be thought of as species, even if the simulation software allows interbreeding between members of the different subpopulations, and provide evidence of both sympatric and allopatric speciation in the Polyworld artificial life system. Analyzing intraand inter-cluster fecundity differences and offspring production rates suggests that speciation is being promoted by a combination of post-zygotic selection (lower fitness of hybrid offspring) and pre-zygotic selection (assortative mating), which may be fostered by reinforcement (the Wallace effect).
Using the Technology Acceptance Model in determining strategies for implementation of mandatory IS

paper focuses on mandatory innovations with IS, which differs from many theories and results in which voluntary use is taken into account. The Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is researched, and found to be of use after some changes into the model. These changes involve neglecting the Behavioral Intentions and Use, because those variables seemed not to be of use in measuring IS success of mandatory systems. Attitude seems to be the main determinant of IS success. Remarkable is the importance of ease of use. Although keeping its 2 nd position as important variable influencing attitude, ease of use seems to be of greater importance in mandatory environments. Usefulness is still the main determinant of attitude. The two main determinants are translated into strategies for improving IS success.
A hidden Markov model for indoor user tracking based on WiFi fingerprinting and step detection

In this paper we present a modified hidden Markov model (HMM) for the fusion of received signal strength index (RSSI) information of WiFi access points and relative position information which is obtained from the inertial sensors of a smartphone for indoor positioning. Since the states of the HMM represent the potential user locations, their number determines the quantization error introduced by discretizing the allowable user positions through the use of the HMM. To reduce this quantization error we introduce “pseudo” states, whose emission probability, which models the RSSI measurements at this location, is synthesized from those of the neighboring states of which a Gaussian emission probability has been estimated during the training phase. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach. By introducing on average two pseudo states per original HMM state the positioning error could be significantly reduced without increasing the training effort.