Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Materialism and Life Satisfaction in Muslim Youth: Role of Gratitude and Religiosity

The present study aimed at investigating the role of gratitude and religiosity in relation with materialism and life satisfaction. A convenient sample was comprised of 230 Muslim students (95 boys and 135 girls) from different departments of University of Sargodha. Variables of the study were measured through the Gratitude Questionnaire–6 (McCullough et al. 2002), Materialism Value Scale (Richins and Dawson, 1992), Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener, Emmons, Larsen, and Griffin, 1985), and Centrality of Religiosity Scale (Huber and Huber, 2012). Correlational analysis indicated positive relation of materialism with life satisfaction and gratitude while negative but non-significant relation with religiosity. Linear regression analysis revealed materialism and gratitude as significant predictors of life satisfaction. Mediating analysis showed gratitude as mediating factor between materialism and life satisfaction. Furthermore, interactive effect showed moderating effect of religiosity between materialism and life satisfaction. Results revealed that individuals showed more life satisfaction who had higher level of religiosity and low level of materialism. Significant gender differences were found in terms of materialism, gratitude, and religiosity, while nonsignificant differences were found in terms of life satisfaction. Results revealed meaningful information to the top management of the university, researchers and teachers to design intervention programs to reduce materialistic values and improve life satisfaction by enhancing gratitude approach and religious values in youth. Implications of the study and suggestions for future research have also been discussed.
Determinants of Child Mortality in Low-Income Countries: Empirical Findings from Demographic and Health Surveys

Empirical studies on child mortality at a disaggregate level, i.e. by social-economic group, or geographic location, can provide useful information for designing poverty focused interventions. Using Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) data, this study investigates determinants of child mortality in low-income countries both at the national level, and for rural and urban areas separately. DHS data from over 60 low-income countries between 1990 and 1999 reveal two interesting observations. First is the observed negative association between the level and inequality in child mortality. Second is the significant gap in child mortality between urban and rural areas, with rural population having a much slower reduction in mortality compared with their urban counterpart. Given that the poor are mainly concentrated in rural areas, the above evidence suggests that health interventions implemented in the past decade may not have been as effective as intended in reaching the poor. The empirical findings in this study both consolidate results from earlier studies and add new evidence. We find that, at the national level, access to electricity, vaccination in the first year of life and public health expenditure can significantly reduce child mortality. There exists a significant and robust electricity effect on mortality and the electricity effect is shown to be independent of incomes. In urban areas, only access to electricity has a significant health impact while in rural areas, increasing vaccination coverage is important for mortality reduction. 1
Global value chains and agrifood standards: Challenges and possibilities for smallholders in developing countries

The rise of private food standards has brought forth an ongoing debate about whether they work as a barrier for smallholders and hinder poverty reduction in developing countries. This paper uses a global value chain approach to explain the relationship between value chain structure and agrifood safety and quality standards and to discuss the challenges and possibilities this entails for the upgrading of smallholders. It maps four potential value chain scenarios depending on the degree of concentration in the markets for agrifood supply (farmers and manufacturers) and demand (supermarkets and other food retailers) and discusses the impact of lead firms and key intermediaries on smallholders in different chain situations. Each scenario is illustrated with case examples. Theoretical and policy issues are discussed, along with proposals for future research in terms of industry structure, private governance, and sustainable value chains.
Competitive universities? The impact of international and European trends on academic institutions in the ‘New Europe’

This contribution examines the domestic reinterpretations of international and European recommendations in Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs). It asks under what conditions these institutional recommendations, but also global processes such as the university rankings, affect domestic public policies. The countries of Central and Eastern Europe, which have experienced a far-reaching reform process since 1989, have been particularly affected by new standards promoted at the European and international level. The article shows that the combined external and domestic pressures affect higher education institutions (HEIs) in multiple and sometimes contradictory ways. Based on the Polish and Ukrainian cases, it reassesses the (party) political factor in the reorientation of higher education (HE) reforms. It shows that Europeanisation and internationalisation are neither uniform nor linear processes. Ultimately, the announced diversification of HEIs appears as a longer-term process whose outcome remains uncertain.
Spanish Rheumatology Society and Hospital Pharmacy Society Consensus on recommendations for biologics optimization in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and psoriatic arthritis

Objective. The aim of this study was to establish guidelines for the optimization of biologic therapies for health professionals involved in the management of patients with RA, AS and PsA. Methods. Recommendations were established via consensus by a panel of experts in rheumatology and hospital pharmacy, based on analysis of available scientific evidence obtained from four systematic reviews and on the clinical experience of panellists. The Delphi method was used to evaluate these recommendations, both between panellists and among a wider group of rheumatologists. Results. Previous concepts concerning better management of RA, AS and PsA were reviewed and, more specifically, guidelines for the optimization of biologic therapies used to treat these diseases were formulated. Recommendations were made with the aim of establishing a plan for when and how to taper biologic treatment in patients with these diseases. Conclusion. The recommendations established herein aim not only to provide advice on how to improve the risk:benefit ratio and efficiency of such treatments, but also to reduce variability in daily clinical practice in the use of biologic therapies for rheumatic diseases.
Polymerase Chain Reaction, Bacteriologic Detection and Antibiogram of Bacteria Isolated from Otitis Media with Effusion in Children, Shiraz, Iran

Background: Otitis media with effusion is one of the leading causes of hearing loss in children. Effective treatment of effusion in the middle ear requires appropriate empirical treatment and characterization of responsible pathogens. Objective of the present study was to detect pathogens in clinical samples from patients with otitis media with effusion in our area and to determine the sensitivity profile of isolated organisms to commonly used antibiotics. Methods: Sixty three samples of middle ear effusion were aseptically obtained from 36 children, who had been treated up to at least two weeks before sampling. They were analyzed using standard bacteriological and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Antibiotic susceptibility tests were also performed. Results: PCR analysis showed that DNA of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis were present in 60 (95.2%) of the samples. The culture-positive effusion for Streptococcus Pneumoniae, HaemophilusInfluenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis was 34.9%. Almost all isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniaee were sensitive to ciprofloxacin and erythromycin, and none of them was sensitive to co-trimoxazole. None of H. Influenzae isolates was sensitive to erythromycin, cefixim, co-trimoxazole, ampicillin and amoxicillin. None of M. Catarrhalis isolates was sensitive to ceftriaxone, co-trimoxazole, ampicillin and amoxicillin. Conclusion: Compared with other studies using PCR method, the number of H. influenza isolates was in higher in the present study (95.2%). Antibiotic sensitivity profiles of pathogens isolated in this study were different from others. Thus, we can determine empirical antibiotic therapy based on sensitivity profile in our geographic area.
The processing of repetitive extragenic palindromes: the structure of a repetitive extragenic palindrome bound to its associated nuclease

Extragenic sequences in genomes, such as microRNA and CRISPR, are vital players in the cell. Repetitive extragenic palindromic sequences (REPs) are a class of extragenic sequences, which form nucleotide stem-loop structures. REPs are found in many bacterial species at a high copy number and are important in regulation of certain bacterial functions, such as Integration Host Factor recruitment and mRNA turnover. Although a new clade of putative transposases (RAYTs or TnpAREP) is often associated with an increase in these repeats, it is not clear how these proteins might have directed amplification of REPs. We report here the structure to 2.6 Å of TnpAREP from Escherichia coli MG1655 bound to a REP. Sequence analysis showed that TnpAREP is highly related to the IS200/IS605 family, but in contrast to IS200/IS605 transposases, TnpAREP is a monomer, is auto-inhibited and is active only in manganese. These features suggest that, relative to IS200/IS605 transposases, it has evolved a different mechanism for the movement of discrete segments of DNA and has been severely down-regulated, perhaps to prevent REPs from sweeping through genomes.
Constructive Theory Reenement in Knowledge Based Neural Networks

| Knowledge based artiicial neural networks offer an approach for connectionist theory reenement. We present an algorithm for reening and extending the domain theory incorporated in a knowledge based neural network using constructive neural network learning algorithms. The initial domain theory comprising of propositional rules is translated into a knowledge based network of threshold logic units (threshold neuron). The domain theory is modiied by dynamically adding neurons to the existing network. A constructive neural network learning algorithm is used to add and train these additional neurons using a sequence of labeled examples. We propose a novel hybrid constructive learning algorithm based on the Tiling and Pyramid constructive learning algorithms that allows knowledge based neural network to handle patterns with continuous valued attributes. Results of experiments on two non-trivial tasks (the ribosome binding site prediction and the nancial advisor) show that our algorithm compares favorably with other algorithms for connectionist theory reenement both in terms of generalization accuracy and network size.
Psychopathy and self-injurious thoughts and behaviour: application of latent class analysis

Abstract Background: Although early conceptualisations posited an inverse relationship between psychopathy and self-injury, little research has tested this. Aims: To examine the self-injurious thoughts and behaviours associated with psychopathy. Methods: Data from the MacArthur Violence Risk Assessment Project (N = 871) were used to examine homogenous subtypes of participants based on their responses to six self-injury items. A binary logistic regression model was used to interpret the nature of the latent classes by estimating the associations with the four psychopathy factors, mixed anxiety-depression, violence victimisation, and gender. Results: A 2-class solution provided the best fit to the data. Most participants (86.2%) were assigned to the baseline (“low self-injury risk”) group. “The high-risk self-injury group” was characterised by a higher probability of endorsing all self-injury items, particularly “thoughts of hurting self” and “attempts to hurt self”. The four psychopathy factors showed differential associations with self-injury group membership. Participant’s scorings, higher on the affective component and lower on interpersonal component of psychopathy, were significantly more likely to be assigned to the high risk group. Significant associations were also found between mixed anxiety/depression and gender, and “high-risk self-injury group” membership. Conclusions: These findings have important implications for the identification of individuals at risk of self-injury.
The slippery slope of flubromazolam: Experiences of a novel psychoactive benzodiazepine as discussed on a Swedish online forum

Aim: The purpose of this qualitative study was to investigate the effects experienced by users of a novel psychoactive substance, the benzodiazepine flubromazolam, by analysing users’ own accounts on the Swedish forum Flashback.org. Method: A thematic analysis of anonymous self-reports published on the forum was performed and generated five general themes describing effects and experiences by flubromazolam users. Results: The themes which emerged were: Onset and duration, Desired effects, Adverse effects and addiction, Loss of control, General estimations and evaluations. The main reported characteristics of flubromazolam were heavy hypnotic and sedative effects, long-lasting amnesiac effects and the rapid development of tolerance. Flubromazolam was also anxiolytic and acted as a muscle relaxant for many users. Some users experienced euphoria or intense wellbeing. Other prominent characteristics were loss of control (leading to poor choices and actions, with unpleasant consequences) and long-lasting, often severe withdrawals. There were also serious incidents where users had been admitted to hospital, acute psychiatric treatment or taken into custody by the police. Conclusion: Flubromazolam appears to be a highly addictive and precarious benzodiazepine with many, possibly severe, side effects. The substance is generally described as very potent and with long-lasting effects. Memory loss and loss of control are common adverse effects, and withdrawals appear to be severe for many users.
Teacher–Child Relationships, Classroom Climate, and Children’s Social-Emotional and Academic Development

Previous research has demonstrated that teacher–child relationship quality and classroom emotional climate are each related to children’s social-emotional and academic development, yet work examining interactional quality at both child and classroom levels simultaneously is limited. The current study examines whether teacher–child relationship quality as perceived by both teachers and children is associated with child social-emotional and academic outcomes over one school year and whether these associations are moderated by the quality of classroom emotional climate. Participants included 526 Grade 3–5 students and their 35 teachers from six urban public elementary schools. Higher child-reported relationship quality with teachers predicted lower child-reported depressive symptoms in spring, controlling for fall levels. Higher teacher-reported conflict was related to higher child-reported and teacher-reported aggression and lower ELA achievement. A significant cross-level interaction between classroom-level emotional support and teacher-reported conflict in predicting teacher-reported aggression indicated that higher quality classroom emotional climate may mitigate risk of aggression for children with poor-quality teacher relationships. Yet an overall lack of significant interaction effects indicates that classroom-level emotional support did not compensate for low-quality dyadic relationships, suggesting that teachers in upper elementary school should be trained and supported in developing and maintaining positive relationships with each of their students.
Channel Compensation for SFBC-OFDM Systems in Broadband Wireless Channels

In this paper, we consider orthogonal space-frequency transmit diversity schemes for OFDM systems in broadband wireless channels. We propose a compensation method to prevent error floor caused by unequal subchannels in the space-frequency block coded OFDM systems for 2 and 3 transmit antennas while providing diversity gain. We will show that for 2 antennas case, the proposed compensation method gives the zero forcing solution. We compare the proposed method with the space-time block coded OFDM systems with respect to broadband wireless channel specifications. We also show that channel compensation method can be performed after channel estimation using a Kalman filter.
Effect of sulfur deficiency on the resistance of oilseed rape to fungal pathogens and expression profiling of the glutathione S-transferase family of "Arabidopsis thaliana"

2 Résumé. 3 Chapter 1 : General introduction. 4 Chapter 2 : Increased disease susceptibility of sulfur deficient oilseed rape is caused by a loss of antifungal potential. 14 1. Abstract. 15 2. Introduction. 16 3. Materials and Methods. 18 4. Results. 20 5. Discussion. 28 6. References. 30 Chapter 3: Transcriptome of Arabidopsis gene families related to secondary metabolism differentiates responses to groups of abiotic and biotic stressors. 33 1. Summary. 35 2. Introduction. 36 3. Results and discussion. 39 5. Experimental procedures. 47 6. References. 51 7. Tables and figures. 57 Chapter 4: Subcellular localisation and functional analysis of the phi class glutathione S-transferase AtGSTF8. 65 1. Abstract. 66 2. Introduction. 67 3. Materials and Methods. 69 4. Results. 71 5. Discussion. 76 6. References. 78 Chapter 5: Concluding remarks. 80 Thanks. 83
A user-centric approach for improving a distributed software system's deployment architecture

The quality of service (QoS) provided by a distributed software system depends on many system parameters, such as network bandwidth, reliability of links, frequencies of software component interactions, etc. A distributed system's allocation of software components to hardware nodes (i.e., deployment architecture) can have a significant impact on its QoS. At the same time, often times there are many deployment architectures that provide the same functionality in large-scale software systems. Furthermore, the impact of deployment architecture on the QoS dimensions (e.g., availability, latency) of the services (functionalities) provisioned by the system could vary. In fact, some QoS dimensions may be conflicting, such that a deployment architecture that improves one QoS dimension, degrades another dimension. In this dissertation, we motivate, present, and evaluate a framework aimed at finding the most appropriate deployment architecture with respect to multiple, and possibly conflicting, QoS dimensions. The framework provides a formal approach to modeling the problem, and a set of generic algorithms that can be tailored and instantiated for improving a system’s deployment architecture. The framework relies on system users’ (desired) degree of satisfaction with QoS improvements to resolve trade-offs between conflicting QoS dimensions. The framework is realized on top of an integrated tool suite, which further aids reusability and cross-evaluation of the solutions. This dissertation is evaluated empirically on a large number of simulated representative scenarios. Various aspects of the framework have also been evaluated on two real distributed systems. The dissertation concludes with several open research questions that will frame our future work.
suspensions : role of aggregation shear stress in glass tubes perfused with red blood cell Nitric oxide generation by endothelial cells exposed to

molecular levels. It is published 12 times a year (monthly) by the American Physiological Society, 9650 Rockville cardiovascular function at all levels of organization ranging from the intact animal to the cellular, subcellular, and physiology of the heart, blood vessels, and lymphatics, including experimental and theoretical studies of publishes original investigations on the
Radio-selected Galaxies in Very Rich Clusters at z ≤ 0.25. II. Radio Properties and Analysis

We report on the properties of radio-selected galaxies within 30 very rich Abell clusters with z ≲ 0.25. The radio, optical, and X-ray data for these clusters were presented in Paper I. These radio data sample the ultrafaint (L1.4 ≥ 2 × 1022 W Hz-1) radio galaxy population with MR ≤ -21 using the well-known FIR-radio correlation to link the radio with ongoing star formation within individual cluster galaxies. Spectroscopic redshifts exist for ∼96% of the optical identifications. These radio-selected galaxies reveal the "active" galaxy population (starbursts and active galactic nuclei [AGNs]) within these rich cluster environments that can be identified regardless of their level of dust obscuration. These new radio data provide the largest sample to date of low-luminosity radio galaxies within rich cluster environments, allowing an unbiased search for dusty starbursting galaxies. For all clusters in our sample, we are sensitive to star formation rates (M ≥ 5 M⊙) ≳5 M⊙ yr-1. We have found that the excess number of low-luminosity "starburst" radio-selected galaxies (SBRGs) found previously by Owen et al. in Abell 2125 is not indicative of other rich clusters in our sample. The average fraction of SBRGs is ⟨fSBRG⟩ = 0.022 ± 0.003. The A2125 fraction is fSBRG = 0.09 ± 0.03, which is significantly different from the sample average at a greater than 99.99% confidence level. Both A1278 and A1689 are slightly different from the rest of the sample at ∼90% confidence level. The bimodal structure of both the X-ray brightness distribution and optical adaptively smoothed images of A1278 and A2125 suggests that ongoing cluster-cluster mergers may be enhancing this SBRG population. The A1689 excess low-luminosity (and high-luminosity) radio galaxy population may be due to interaction with the intracluster medium. The mid-infrared ISOCAM results for A1689's radio galaxy population suggest that the radio emission for both low- and high-luminosity radio galaxies is AGN in origin except for one radio galaxy. There is a significant spatial distribution difference between the low- and high-luminosity (HLRG) radio-selected populations. The SBRGs have a core radius of 0.40 ± 0.08 Mpc, which is greater than 3 times larger than the HLRG core radius. In addition, 48% of the SBRGs have colors that are bluer than a typical Sab galaxy, compared with 4% for the HLRGs. The average absolute magnitude for the SBRGs is ⟨MR⟩ = -21.93 ± 0.05, while for the HLRGs it is ⟨MR⟩ = -22.33 ± 0.07, indicating that the SBRGs are less optically luminous than their HLRG counterparts. The HLRGs seem to be a subclass of the cluster's massive red elliptical population, while the SBRGs have a projected radial distribution more like the blue spiral population. Our results indicate that most of the SBRGs are probably gas-rich disk galaxies undergoing ≳5 M⊙ yr-1 of star formation.