Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Satisfacción de adolescentes autóctonos e inmigrantes con el país de residencia. Influencia de variables psicosociales relativas al contacto intergrupal

Resumen Este estudio exploratorio transversal analiza las interrelaciones entre el estatus del grupo, diversas variables psicosociales relativas al contacto intergrupal —actitudes hacia otros grupos, sesgo endogrupal, actitudes de aculturación y enriquecimiento cultural percibido—y la satisfacción con el país de residencia, con la finalidad de identificar factores que faciliten la adaptación psicológica y la convivencia de los adolescentes de diverso origen cultural. Las hipótesis se formulan a partir del análisis de la Teoría de la Identidad Social y del marco conceptual de la Aculturación. Al cuestionario contestaron 315 adolescentes de origen ecuatoriano, marroquí y español (media de edad = 14.37, d.t. = 1.46) que estudiaban Educación Secundaria en centros españoles. Análisis paramétricos y no paramétricos de tipo correlacional muestran diferencias en las relaciones entre las variables psicosociales estudiadas según el grupo cultural; además, la satisfacción con el país de residencia se asocia con el estatus del grupo, y con la preferencia por la actitud de integración en el grupo de adolescentes autóctonos, y con las actitudes hacia la cultura mayoritaria en el grupo adolescentes inmigrantes. Detectamos la necesidad de intervenciones dirigidas a promocionar actitudes positivas hacia determinados grupos culturales y hacia la diversidad cultural, además de la facilitación de contextos para la participación en la vida del país de residencia y el contacto positivo con otras culturas.
Earnings Quality in Nonprofit Versus For-Profit Organizations

This study uses data from the microfinance industry to analyze differences in earnings quality between for-profit and nonprofit organizations. The two sets of organizations differ with respect to both governance mechanisms and managerial incentives, and little research has been conducted to investigate how such differences affect the quality of financial reporting. Overall, we find little evidence of differences in earnings quality between our two samples in the aggregate. We do, however, observe significant differences among the types of nonprofit organizations; this finding suggests that the concept of a “nonprofit level of earnings quality” is ill defined.
Injury Prevention: Avoiding One of Golf's More Painful Hazards

Although the sport of golf may be mistakenly perceived as a benign physical activity, there are in fact patterns of problems such as strains to the upper limb and low-back pain that have the potential to interfere with the professional golfer's livelihood and recreational golfer's enjoyment. In this article, a summary of the literature has been provided outlining the nature and extent of common musculoskeletal injuries that golfers deal with as well as some of the risk factors that may increase injury susceptibility. A detailed overview of prevention strategies to minimize the risk of suffering a golf injury has also been provided. Since many injuries arise from poor swing biomechanics, taking instruction with a knowledgeable golf instructor can be an important first step towards injury prevention. However, if a golfing client already has an injury which originated or is aggravated by playing or practicing, then the personalized help of a physician or physiotherapist experienced in golf biomechanics is also warranted. Proper attention to prevention will ensure a lifetime of enjoyable golf “par”ticipation.
An Intercultural Competence Model of Strategic Public Relations Management in the Peru Mining Industry Context

This study develops and tests an intercultural competence model of strategic public relations management in the Peruvian mining industry. The model proposes that public relations practitioners' trait-level intercultural competence (empathy, open-mindedness, and flexibility) affect their perceptual-level competence (anxiety and uncertainty management), which in turn influence their behavioral-level competence (public relations practices) and the consequent relational quality with the publics. Structural equal modeling was used to analyze the data from 90 practitioners with rich intercultural public relations experiences. Results indicated that trait competence components worked differently in reducing practitioners' uncertainty and anxiety. Such distress reduction enhanced the use of symmetrical and two-way public relations. Finally, symmetrical public relations and lowered anxiety increased practitioners' perceptions of trust and control mutuality in the relationships their organizations had with the publics. The model's theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
Resistance to Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases in Salmonella from a Broiler Supply Chain

The prevalence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae varies worldwide, however, the incidence of ESBL-producing environmental Salmonella isolates is increasing. Salmonella is still one of the most important pathogens that occur in the poultry supply chain. Therefore, this study analyzed the susceptibility of Salmonella isolates collected from a poultry supply chain to β-lactam antibiotics, and examined the phenotypes of the isolates based on enzyme-inducible AmpC β-lactamase analysis. All analysis of the putative positive isolates in the current study confirmed that 27.02% (77/285 analysis) of all ESBL tests realized with the isolates produced a profile of resistance consistent with β-lactamase production. All isolates of S. Minnesota serotype had ESBL phenotype. Aztreonam resistance was the least common amongst the Salmonella isolates, followed by ceftazidime. The presence of inducible chromosomal ESBL was detected in 14 different isolates of the 19 serotypes investigated. These results are very indicatives of the presence of ESBL genes in Salmonella isolates from a broiler supply chain, reaffirming the growing global problem of ESBL resistance.
Psychosocial Mediators of the Impact of Acculturation on Substance Abuse Among Hispanic Youth: Findings From the Florida Youth Substance Abuse Survey

ABSTRACT The objective of the study was to identify and evaluate factors that are associated with differences in substance abuse between non-acculturated and acculturated Hispanic youth. We employed t-test and logistic regression to analyze self-reported survey data from 8,200 self-described Hispanic students. The outcome variable was past 30-day use of marijuana and the key independent variable was language used at home (English/Spanish). The covariates were 32 psychosocial risk and protective factors for drug use. All the risk factor scores that were significantly different for the two groups had higher means, indicating greater risk, for English-speakers, while all the seven protective factors that were significantly different had higher mean scores, indicating greater protection, for the Spanish speakers. In multivariate analysis, the odds ratios for language used at home range from 1.60 (p < 0.00) for the basic model to 1.05 (p = 0.62) for models that incorporated the psychosocial factors. Findings confirm literature reports suggesting that language used at home is a strong predictor of adolescent substance use. This effect may be mediated principally through the family and peer/individual psychosocial domains.
Face hallucination based on PCA dictionary pairs

This paper presents a new position-based face hallucination algorithm based on PCA dictionary pairs. The high-resolution (HR) face image is generated in patch-wise, while each patch is hallucinated from a low-resolution (LR) observation with the training patches on the same position of face images. Different from the previous literatures which reconstruct the HR patch with raw position-patches, a set of dictionary pairs are adaptively learned according to the patch location in the proposed algorithm. We joint the LR-HR position-patches together and project the dataset into principal directions by principal component analysis (PCA). The principal components are applied to generate the coupled LR-HR dictionaries. Moreover, the corresponding eigenvalues are also served as a constraint in the reconstruction. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves superior performance when compared with the state-of-the-art algorithms.
Developmental patterns of childhood peer relations as predictors of externalizing behavior problems

Abstract Developmental patterns of childhood peer relations were examined in the prediction of externalizing behavior problems in a 4-year multiple cohort longitudinal study. The participants consisted of 880 third- (M = 9.3 years) through seventh- (M = 13.4 years) grade students. Approximately half of the participants were female, one third were Black, and one third were from low-income homes. Developmental patterns of six indices of peer relations (including group acceptance, group rejection, having a reciprocated best friend, social support from best friend, conflict with best friend, and the aggressiveness of the best friend) were examined as predictors of aggression and delinquency using logistic regression analyses. Results suggest that both group and dyadic peer relations problems are risk factors for aggression and delinquency. Support was found for the cumulative risk model in the prediction of externalizing outcomes from multiple social risk factors that were additively associated with each negative outcome.
Self-Esteem of Greek Mothers of Children with Intellectual Disabilities

The present study assessed the impact that children with intellectual disabilities have on their mothers' self-esteem. It also examined the differences in self-esteem between mothers of children with intellectual disabilities and mothers of non-disabled children. The study sample consisted of 50 mothers of children with intellectual disabilities living in Central Greece and a comparison group of 50 mothers of non-disabled children. Two instruments were used for the data collection: (a) a questionnaire for biographic information and (b) an adaptation of the Culture-Free Self-Esteem Inventory. Results indicated significantly lower self-esteem for the mothers of children with intellectual disabilities. Moreover, the best predictor of maternal self-esteem in the disabled group was the size of the family.
Idea Production in Nominal and Virtual Groups: Does Computer-Mediated Communication Improve Group Brainstorming?

Findings in previous research on the effectiveness of computer brainstorming groups as compared to other kinds of brainstorming groups are equivocal with regard to the quantity and quality of idea production. Nevertheless, using computer-mediated communication is often recommended to enhance idea production in brainstorming groups. This recommendation is based on the assumption that reading others' ideas leads to mutual cognitive stimulation. To test this assumption, two conceptually similar experiments were run comparing two-member and four-member computer brainstorming groups with and without the opportunity to exchange ideas. Although in conditions with computer-mediated communication there should have been three times as much stimulation for individuals in four-member groups as compared to two-member groups, irrespective of group size neither quantity nor quality measures showed any improvement over conditions without computer-mediated communication. Instead, in both experiments, communication led to uniformity tendencies which lowered flexibility of idea production.
Which phase-3 eSTREAM ciphers provide the best software speeds ?

This paper compares the software speeds of 128-bit 10-round AES, 256-bit 14-round AES, 256-bit CryptMT v3, 256-bit Dragon, 128bit HC-128, 256-bit HC-256, 128-bit LEX v2, 128-bit NLS v2, 128bit Rabbit, 256-bit RC4, 256-bit Salsa20/8, 256-bit Salsa20/12, 256-bit Salsa20/20, 256-bit SNOW 2.0, 256-bit Sosemanuk, and 80-bit TRIV-
Geodetic displacements and aftershocks following the 2001 Mw = 8.4 Peru earthquake: Implications for the mechanics of the earthquake cycle along subduction zones

We analyzed aftershocks and postseismic deformation recorded by the continuous GPS station AREQ following the M_w = 8.4, 23 June 2001 Peru earthquake. This station moved by 50 cm trenchward, in a N235°E direction during the coseismic phase, and continued to move in the same direction for an additional 15 cm over the next 2 years. We compare observations with the prediction of a simple one-dimensional (1-D) system of springs, sliders, and dashpot loaded by a constant force, meant to simulate stress transfer during the seismic cycle. The model incorporates a seismogenic fault zone, obeying rate-weakening friction, a zone of deep afterslip, the brittle creep fault zone (BCFZ) obeying rate-strengthening friction, and a zone of viscous flow at depth, the ductile fault zone (DFZ). This simple model captures the main features of the temporal evolution of seismicity and deformation. Our results imply that crustal strain associated with stress accumulation during the interseismic period is probably not stationary over most of the interseismic period. The BCFZ appears to control the early postseismic response (afterslip and aftershocks), although an immediate increase, by a factor of about 1.77, of ductile shear rate is required, placing constraints on the effective viscosity of the DFZ. Following a large subduction earthquake, displacement of inland sites is trenchward in the early phase of the seismic cycle and reverse to landward after a time t i for which an analytical expression is given. This study adds support to the view that the decay rate of aftershocks may be controlled by reloading due to deep afterslip. Given the ratio of preseismic to postseismic viscous creep, we deduce that frictional stresses along the subduction interface account for probably 70% of the force transmitted along the plate interface.
The Rise of the East and the Far East: German Labor Markets and Trade Integration

We analyze the effects of the unprecedented rise in trade between Germany and “the East” (China and Eastern Europe) in the period 1988–2008 on German local labor markets. Using detailed administrative data, we exploit the cross-regional variation in initial industry structures and use trade flows of other high-income countries as instruments for regional import and export exposure. We find that the rise of the East in the world economy caused substantial job losses in German regions specialized in import-competing industries, both in manufacturing and beyond. Regions specialized in export-oriented industries, however, experienced even stronger employment gains and lower unemployment. In the aggregate, we estimate that this trade integration has caused some 442,000 additional jobs in the economy and contributed to retaining the manufacturing sector in Germany. This is almost exclusively driven by the rise of Eastern Europe, not by China. We also conduct an analysis at the individual worker level, and find that trade had a stabilizing overall effect on employment relationships.
Endoparasites of Roe Deer in the Strakonice Region

Vetyska V. : Endoparasites of Roe Deer in the Strakonice Region. Acta vet. Bmo, 48, 1980: 91-103. Knowledge on endoparasites of roe deer in Czechoslovakia is relatively compre­ hensive. However, in the individual regions of roe deer breeding, which differ in abiotic and biotic factors and in the standard of game management, veterinary prophylaxis has not at its disposal any analyses based on conclusive material. From the Strakonice region, well known for the good condition of roe deer and increasing tendency in quality and amount of hunting trophies, as well as from the transition area to the Sumava Mts, slopes and the Central Bohemian Massive, 112 eviscerations of does, fawAs and buck.s w. re examined parasitologically in 1975 and 1976. Of the endoparasites found were 4 coccidia species, one lungworm species, one tapeworm species, and 13 species of gastrointestinal helminths. Two and 13 species belonged to biohelminths and geohelminths, resp. The total low frequency of helminthiases, both from the viewpoint of species variety and their extensity and intensity, is due to the timely cultivation of the landscape, favourable c1ima~c factors, low percentage of marshy meadows and pastures, large areas of sweet forage with large-scale management, and good standard of game management, especially for wintering. The most important task for veterinary diagnostics is to reduce the incidence of lungworms of the species Capreocaulus capreoli; gastrointestinal helminths of the species Ostertagia ostertagi, O. leptospicuiaris, Trichostrongylus capricoia, Tr. axei, Chabertia OfJina, Trichocephalus globulosa, and of coccidia of the species Eimeria superba.
Antimicrobial Prophylaxis in Instrumented Spinal Fusion Surgery: A Comparative Analysis of 24-Hour and 72-Hour Dosages

Study Design Prospective study. Purpose To compare the efficacy of 24-hour and 72-hour antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing surgical site infections (SSIs). Overview of Literature Antimicrobial prophylaxis in surgical practice has become a universally accepted protocol for minimizing postoperative complications related to infections. Although prophylaxis is an accepted practice, a debate exists with regard to the antibiotic type and its administration duration for various surgical procedures. Methods Our institute is a tertiary care hospital with more than 100 spinal surgeries per year for various spine disorders in the department of orthopedics. We conducted this prospective study in our department from June 2012 to January 2015. A total of 326 patients were enrolled in this study, with 156 patients in the 72-hour antibiotic prophylaxis group (group A) and 170 patients in the 24-hour group (group B). Cefazolin was the antibiotic used in both groups. Two surgeons were involved in conducting all the spinal procedures. Our study compared SSIs among patients undergoing instrumented spinal fusion. Results The overall rate of SSIs was 1.8% with no statistical difference between the two groups. Conclusions The 24-hour antimicrobial prophylaxis is as effective as the 72-hour dosage in instrumented spinal fusion surgery.
Personality and self-assessed intelligence: Can gender and personality distort self-assessed intelligence?

This paper examines the extent to which self-assessed intelligence (SAI) may be a function of personality traits, gender, and “actual” intellectual ability (as measured through psychometric g) in a sample of 188 (119 female) UK university students. Participants completed three cognitive ability tests and the “Big Five” personality inventory after estimating their own multiple intelligences. Psychometric g (extracted from the three ability test scores) was a significant predictor of SAI (extracted from selfassessed multiple intelligences), accounting for 10% of the variance. When personality was added to the regression model, the percentage of variance explained increased to 22%, whilst gender accounted for an additional 7% (total = 29%). Emotional Stability (rather than Neuroticism) and Extraversion (rather than Introversion) were associated with higher SAI. Theoretical implications with regard to the taxonomic position of SAI, and practical implications with regard to educational and occupational assessment and performance are discussed.
Aggressive encounters between patients and general hospital staff: Staff perceptions of the context and assailants' levels of cognitive processing

A considerable body of research has accumulated regarding aggression toward health care staff, yet little is known about the contextual factors involved. The present study examined the context within which aggressive incidents occurred and the dynamics of the interaction between staff and patients. Two aspects in particular were investigated; firstly, whether incidents were preceded by some anxiety provoking stimulus and secondly, the assailants' levels of cognitive processing apparent at the time of the incident. A prospective study collected data concerning incidents of physical assault and threatening behaviour in a general hospital. Staff were interviewed soon after the incident occurred. A content analysis determined that 82.8% of incidents involved experiences delivered by the staff victims likely to have provoked anxiety in the assailant. Most commonly, incidents involved staff intervening in the patient's intended behaviour. In addition, in 64% of cases, assailants were actually displaying some impairment in cognitive processing at the time of the incident Data suggest that many patients may not have been fully aware of their situation and might have experienced some difficulty in comprehending the staff member's actions. Patients who do not appear to understand what is happening may require additional time and effort to ensure they comprehend fully and accept what the staff member is intending to do, particularly if patients are experiencing an event likely to increase anxiety levels.
Minimizing communication costs in hierarchically clustered networks of wireless sensors

This paper develops a technique for quantifying and minimizing the energy required to gather data from all sensors in a multi-hop wireless sensor network The technique combines analytical results from stochastic geometry with a distributed, randomized algorithm for generating clusters. The minimum communication energy achieved by this approach is significantly lower than the energy costs incurred in non-clustered networks and in clustered networks produced by such algorithms as the max-min d-cluster algorithm.
Oxidative stress and chronic inflammation in osteoarthritis: can NRF2 counteract these partners in crime?

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an age‐related joint degenerative disease associated with pain, joint deformity, and disability. The disease starts with cartilage damage but then progressively involves subchondral bone, causing an imbalance between osteoclast‐driven bone resorption and osteoblast‐driven remodeling. Here, we summarize the data for the role of oxidative stress and inflammation in OA pathology and discuss how these two processes are integrated during OA progression, as well as their contribution to abnormalities in cartilage/bone metabolism and integrity. At the cellular level, oxidative stress and inflammation are counteracted by transcription factor nuclear factor erythroid p45–related factor 2 (NRF2), and we describe the regulation of NRF2, highlighting its role in OA pathology. We also discuss the beneficial effect of some phytonutrients, including the therapeutic potential of NRF2 activation, in OA.
Disrupting Molded Images: Identities, responsibilities and relationships—teachers and indigenous subject material

This paper explores the complexities of teachers’ understanding of their relationship with Aboriginal people. Drawing on her current work with teachers, the author offers a method for initiating a critical pedagogy of remembrance that allows teachers to attend to and learn from the biography of their relationship with Aboriginal people. The author argues that teachers position themselves as “perfect stranger” to Aboriginal people and explores forms of “ethical learning” which use the act of remembrance to raise awareness of the ways in which the identities of both Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal people in Canada have been shaped by the colonial encounter. The construction of this ethical awareness among teachers is a promising way to transform relationships between Aboriginal and non‐Aboriginal people in Canada.