Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adjuvant Teriparatide Therapy for Surgical Treatment of Femoral Fractures; Does It Work?

Purpose Atypical femoral fracture (AFF), periprosthetic femoral fracture (PPFF) and femoral nonunion (FNU) are recalcitrant challenges for orthopedic surgeons. Teriparatide (TPTD) had been demonstrated to have anabolic effects on bone in various studies. We postulated that adjuvant TPTD after operation would enhance biologic stimulation for bone formation. We investigated (1) whether the adjuvant TPTD could achieve satisfactory union rate of surgically challenging cases such as displaced AFF, PPFF and FNU; (2) whether the adjuvant TPTD could promote development of abundant callus after surgical fixation; (3) whether the adjuvant TPTD had medically serious adverse effects. Materials and Methods Thirteen patients who agreed to off label use of TPTD in combination of operation were included in this retrospective case series. Median patients' age was 68.7 years, and there were three male and ten female patients. Their diagnoses were nonunion in six patients and acute fracture in seven. Medical records and radiographic images were reviewed. Results Twelve of thirteen fractures were united both clinically and radiologically within a year after adjuvant TPTD. Union completed radiologically median 5.4 months and clinically 5.7 months after the medication, respectively. Callus appeared abundantly showing median 1.4 of fracture healing response postoperatively. There was no serious adverse reaction of medication other than itching, muscle cramp, or nausea. Conclusion Even appropriate surgical treatment is a mainstay of treatment for AFF, PPFF, and FNU, the current report suggested that adjuvant TPTD combined with stable fixation results in satisfactory outcome for the challenging fractures of femur.
Conversion of a Fused Hipto Total Hip Arthroplasty

Background: Arthrodesis of the hip remains a viable treatment for severe unilateral arthritis after traumatic injury or infection in a young but otherwise healthy individual. The goal of the present study was to review the long-term clinical and radiographic results after conversion of a fused hip to a total hip arthroplasty and to identify the risk factors that would lead to a higher rate of failure.Methods: We performed a retrospective review of the charts and radiographs of 187 patients (208 hips) who had conversion of a fused hip to a total hip arthroplasty. The mean duration of follow-up after the conversion to total hip arthroplasty was 9.2 years (range, two to twenty-six years). Results: The mean age at time of the arthroplasty was fifty-one years. The mean time-interval between the arthrodesis and the conversion to a total hip arthroplasty was twenty-seven years. According to the information in the charts, at a mean duration of follow-up of 9.2 years after the total hip arthroplasty, 79% of hips were either pain-free or had minimal pain, 83% had good-to-excellent function, and 79% had good-to-excellent range of motion.Complications, which included fifteen nerve palsies, occurred in twenty-four hips. Twenty-eight hips had heterotopic ossification, but it was not associated with a recurrence of ankylosis or a marked reduction of motion. Revision arthroplasty was performed in twelve hips. The probability of survival of the implant was 96.1% (95% confidence interval, 91.5% to 98.2%) at ten years, 89.9% (95% confidence interval, 85.3% to 96.1%) at fifteen years, and 72.8% (95% confidence interval, 36% to 90.6%) at twenty-six years.Conclusions: Conversion of a fused hip to a total hip arthroplasty has a favorable outcome. However, the technically demanding nature of the procedure should not be underestimated. Patients should be cautioned with regard to the possibility of a higher rate of complications than that seen with primary total hip arthroplasty.
ALTERED EXPRESSION OF SKELETAL MUSCLE PROTEINS DURING SEPSIS

Sepsis induces a net catabolic state in gastrocnemius by increasing protein degradation and decreasing protein synthesis. To determine whether or not sepsis induces a preferential effect on the expression of individual proteins, proteins from gastrocnemius muscle of control and septic rats were separated by two-dimensional isoelectric focusing/sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Laser densitometry of proteins stained with silver provided evidence that the relative abundance of thirty-five proteins was significantly (p < .05) and reproducibly increased during sepsis compared to control. No individual protein underwent significant down-regulation in their relative abundance during sepsis. Twenty-three of the 35 proteins identified in two-dimensional gels of the gastrocnemius were also present in the plasma of septic rats. The remaining 12 proteins, therefore, were taken to represent skeletal muscle proteins. One of the 12 proteins was identified by immunoblot analysis to be carbonic anhydrase III. Another of the proteins was identified as triosephosphate isomerase based upon microsequencing of the N terminus.
Classification of Mental Retardation

ance of foetal distress in association with other complications, especially with cephalopelvic disproportion, is a valuable reminder of the place of caesarean section in these cases. He concludes that meconium staining of the liquor is the only definite sign of foetal distress, the quantity of meconium being unimportant, and that “the behaviour of the foetal heart is of doubtful value . provided the umbilical circulation is not occluded”. This last observation is of little help clinically since, cord occlusion due to causes other than recognisable cord prolapse is not uncommon. Information on the durations of labour before the onset of foetal distress, and on the incidence of post-maturity would have added to the value of this paper, but it is nevertheless an excellent contribution towards clear thinking on this difficult subject.
Childhood Chronic Physical Aggression Associates with Adult Cytokine Levels in Plasma

Background An increasing number of animal and human studies are indicating that inflammation is associated with behavioral disorders including aggression. This study investigates the association between chronic physical aggression during childhood and plasma cytokine levels in early adulthood. Methodology/Principal Findings Two longitudinal studies were used to select males on a chronic physical aggression trajectory from childhood to adolescence (n = 7) and a control group from the same background (n = 25). Physical aggression was assessed yearly by teachers from childhood to adolescence and plasma levels of 10 inflammatory cytokines were assessed at age 26 and 28 years. Compared to the control group, males on a chronic physical aggression trajectory from childhood to adolescence had consistently lower plasma levels of five cytokines: lower pro-inflammatory interleukins IL-1α (T(28.7) = 3.48, P = 0.002) and IL-6 (T(26.9) = 3.76, P = 0.001), lower anti-inflammatory interleukin IL-4 (T(27.1) = 4.91, P = 0.00004) and IL-10 (T(29.8) = 2.84, P = 0.008) and lower chemokine IL-8 (T(26) = 3.69, P = 0.001). The plasma levels of four cytokines accurately predicted aggressive and control group membership for all subjects. Conclusions/Significance Physical aggression of boys during childhood is a strong predictor of reduced plasma levels of cytokines in early adulthood. The causal and physiological relations underlying this association should be further investigated since animal data suggest that some cytokines such as IL-6 and IL-1β play a causal role in aggression.
WASP-23b: a transiting hot Jupiter around a K dwarf and its Rossiter-McLaughlin effect

We report the discovery of a new transiting planet in the southern hemisphere. It was found by the WASP-south transit survey and confirmed photometrically and spectroscopically by the 1.2 m Swiss Euler telescope, LCOGT 2m Faulkes South Telescope, the 60 cm TRAPPIST telescope, and the ESO 3.6 m telescope. The orbital period of the planet is 2.94 days. We find that it is a gas giant with a mass of 0.88 ± 0.10 MJ and an estimated radius of 0.96 ± 0.05RJ. We obtained spectra during transit with the HARPS spectrograph and detect the Rossiter-McLaughlin effect despite its small amplitude. Because of the low signal-to-noise ratio of the effect and a small impact parameter, we cannot place a strong constraint on the projected spin-orbit angle. We find two conflicting values for the stellar rotation. We find, via spectral line broadening, that v sin I = 2.2 ± 0. 3k m s −1 , while applying another method, based on the activity level using the index log R � , gives an equatorial rotation velocity of only v = 1.35 ± 0.20 km s −1 . Using these as priors in our analysis, the planet might be either misaligned or aligned. This result raises doubts about the use of such priors. There is evidence of neither eccentricity nor any radial velocity drift with time.
A Role for the Juxtamembrane Domain of β-Dystroglycan in Agrin-Induced Acetylcholine Receptor Clustering

Synaptic differentiation results from an exchange of informational molecules between synaptic partners during development. At the vertebrate neuromuscular junction, agrin is one molecule presented by the presynaptic motor neuron that plays an instructive role in postsynaptic differentiation of the muscle cell, most notably in aggregation of acetylcholine receptors (AChRs). Although agrin is the best-characterized synaptogenic molecule, its mechanism of action remains uncertain, but clearly, it requires the receptor tyrosine kinase MuSK (muscle-specific kinase), the intracellular protein rapsyn, an Src-like kinase, and cytoskeletal components. In addition, the transmembrane protein dystroglycan interacts with the cytoskeleton and is implicated in agrin responsiveness. This α–β heterodimer can bind agrin via its extracellular α subunit and associates with the membrane cytoskeleton via its β subunit. In this study, we demonstrate that overexpression of the β subunit of dystroglycan in cultured muscle cells inhibits agrin-induced AChR clustering. Deletion analysis and point mutagenesis demonstrate that the inhibition is mediated by an intracellular, juxtamembrane region composed of basic amino acids. Finally, the inhibition mediated by β-dystroglycan extends to the minimal agrin fragment required for AChR clustering, suggesting that dystroglycan plays an important role in postsynaptic differentiation in response to agrin.
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the IL-4 and IL-13 promoter region in aggressive periodontitis.

INTRODUCTION IL-4 and IL-13 polymorphisms have been shown to influence the susceptibility to systemic diseases. In this study, possible associations between the IL-4 -590 C-->T, IL-4 -34 C-->T, IL-13 -1112 C-->T and IL-13 -1512 A-->C promoter polymorphisms were investigated in subjects with generalized aggressive periodontitis (AgP) compared with healthy individuals. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty-eight patients with diagnosis of generalized AgP and 51 matched healthy controls participated in the study. Blood samples were collected and DNA isolated. Molecular analyses were performed by PCR-RFLP in a blind fashion. Genotype and allele frequencies among study groups were compared using Fisher's exact test (alpha value: 0.05). Pearson's chi(2) test was used for analysis of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. RESULTS The frequency of the IL-4 -590 T/T and IL-4 -34 T/T genotypes differed significantly between groups (p=0.05, 0.02, respectively), although the allele frequencies were similar. There was a higher frequency of the IL-4 -590 T/T and IL-4 -34 T/T genotypes in patients with AgP compared with controls. The genotype and allele frequencies of the IL-13 polymorphisms did not differ between groups. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated an association between the IL-4 -590 T/T and IL-4 -34 T/T genotypes and AgP. Further research is necessary to prove if there is an association of these polymorphisms with AgP, and if the polymorphisms have a functional effect.
CONTINUING BONDS IN BEREAVEMENT: AN ATTACHMENT THEORY BASED PERSPECTIVE

ABSTRACT An attachment theory based perspective on the continuing bond to the deceased (CB) is proposed. The value of attachment theory in specifying the normative course of CB expression and in identifying adaptive versus maladaptive variants of CB expression based on their deviation from this normative course is outlined. The role of individual differences in attachment security on effective versus ineffective use of CB in coping with bereavement also is addressed. Finally, the moderating influence of type of loss (e.g., death of a spouse vs. child), culture, and religion on type of CB expression within an overarching attachment framework is discussed.
Definition and localization of the epileptogenic zone The Bancaud and Talairach view on the epileptogenic zone : a working hypothesis

The definition of the epileptogenic zone, as proposed by Talairach and Bancaud, is an ictal electro-clinical definition based on the results of stereotactic intracerebral EEG (SEEG) recordings. It takes into account not only the anatomical location of the “site of the beginning and of the primary organization” of the epileptic discharge, but also how this discharge gives rise to the accompanying clinical symptoms. This definition is different from the North American view since, for the french authors, the epileptogenic zone is not synonymous with what can be called the “what-to-remove area”. In fact, it is above all a conceptual definition which emphazises the importance of studying the spatio-temporal dynamics of seizure discharges, and not only their starting point.
Detection, Location, and Imaging of Fast Moving Targets Using Multifrequency Antenna Array SAR

Tracker design based on target perceivability. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 37 (2001), 214—225. [9] Cong, S. , and Hong, L. (1999) Computational complexity analysis for multiple hypothesis tracking. Math. Comput. Model, 29 (1999), 1—16. [10] Leung, H. , Hu, Z. , and Blanchette, M. (1996) Evaluation of multiple target track initiation techniques in real radar tracking environments. IEE Proceedings–Radar, Sonar Navigation, 143 (1996), 246—254. [11] Li, X. R. , and Li, N. (2000) Integrated real-time estimation of clutter density for tracking. IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 48 (2000), 2797—2805. [12] Kirubarajan, T. , Bar-Shalom, Y. , and Pattipati, K. (2001) Multiassignment for tracking a large number of overlapping objects. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 37 (2001), 2—21.
THE BIOSYNTHESIS, INTRACELLULAR TRANSPORT, AND PACKAGING OF MELANOCYTE-STIMULATING PEPTIDES IN THE AMPHIBIAN PARS INTERMEDIA

Experiments in which glycine-3H has been introduced into excised neurointermediate lobes of Xenopus laevis incubated in a modified Krebs-Ringer bicarbonate medium have shown that ∼ 50% of the incorporated radioactivity is present in small peptides which have an electrophoretic mobility characteristic of the melanocyte-stimulating (MSH) peptides shown to be elaborated within the tissue. Based on these results and the demonstration that a discrete ∼ 7 min pulse of the label can be introduced into the tissue, electron microscope radioautography has been employed to follow the subcellular events concerned with the synthesis, intracellular transport, and packaging of the labeled secretory product. Together, these studies indicate that the newly synthesized material arises in peptide form, rather than as part of a larger prohormone molecule, on the ribosomes of the rough endoplasmic reticulum within the parenchymal cells of the intermediate portion of the lobe. A proportion is then incorporated into and remains for an extended period within the intracisternal granules which are a feature of the rough endoplasmic reticulum within these cells in vitro Most (∼ 60%) of the labeled secretory product, however, is transferred to the Golgi complex within 30 min and, within a further 10 min, becomes packaged into small (∼ 200 mµ) electron-opaque secretory granules. It is probable that under the conditions employed these granules represent the final intracellular location of secretory product before it is released
Lung ultrasound versus chest radiography for the diagnosis of pneumothorax in critically ill patients: A prospective, single-blind study

Background: Radiologic data remains the gold standard for the diagnosis of pneumothorax (PTX). The use of ultrasonography (US) has recently emerged as the method of choice with physicians who can perform bedside US. Purpose: To compare the diagnostic accuracy of lung US against bedside chest radiography (CR) for the detection of PTX using thoracic computed tomography (CT) as the gold standard. Materials and Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-blind study on 192 critically ill patients; each patient received lung US examination, bedside CR, followed by thoracic CT scan searching for PTX. Results: Of the studied patients, CT of the chest confirmed the diagnosis of PTX in 36 (18.75%) patients of which 31 were diagnosed by thoracic US while CR detected only 19 cases. Overall lung US showed a considerable higher sensitivity than bedside CR (86.1% vs. 52.7%), lung US also showed higher, negative predictive values, and diagnostic accuracy against CR (96.8% vs. 90.1%), and (95.3% vs. 90.6%), respectively. CR had a slightly higher specificity than lung US (99.4% vs. 97.4%), and higher positive predictive values (95.0% vs. 88.6%). Conclusion: Lung US is an accurate modality more than anteroposterior bedside CR in comparison with CT scanning when evaluating critically ill mechanically ventilated patients, patients underwent thoracocentesis, central venous catheter insertion, or patients with polytrauma.
Patterns of Genome-Wide Variation in Glossina fuscipes fuscipes Tsetse Flies from Uganda

The tsetse fly Glossina fuscipes fuscipes (Gff) is the insect vector of the two forms of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) that exist in Uganda. Understanding Gff population dynamics, and the underlying genetics of epidemiologically relevant phenotypes is key to reducing disease transmission. Using ddRAD sequence technology, complemented with whole-genome sequencing, we developed a panel of ∼73,000 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) distributed across the Gff genome that can be used for population genomics and to perform genome-wide-association studies. We used these markers to estimate genomic patterns of linkage disequilibrium (LD) in Gff, and used the information, in combination with outlier-locus detection tests, to identify candidate regions of the genome under selection. LD in individual populations decays to half of its maximum value (r2max/2) between 1359 and 2429 bp. The overall LD estimated for the species reaches r2max/2 at 708 bp, an order of magnitude slower than in Drosophila. Using 53 infected (Trypanosoma spp.) and uninfected flies from four genetically distinct Ugandan populations adapted to different environmental conditions, we were able to identify SNPs associated with the infection status of the fly and local environmental adaptation. The extent of LD in Gff likely facilitated the detection of loci under selection, despite the small sample size. Furthermore, it is probable that LD in the regions identified is much higher than the average genomic LD due to strong selection. Our results show that even modest sample sizes can reveal significant genetic associations in this species, which has implications for future studies given the difficulties of collecting field specimens with contrasting phenotypes for association analysis.
Accumulation and persistence of cyclophosphamide-induced sister chromatid exchange in murine peripheral blood lymphocytes.

Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) responses were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine peripheral blood lymphocytes assayed at various times following single or multiple injections of cyclophosphamide (3 mg/kg). Following a single injection, SCE levels in cultured lymphocytes from blood sampled at 5 min, 20 min, 35 min, 1 hr, and 3 hr postexposure were 17.1 +/- 2.0 (S.D.), 19.9 +/- 3.0, 19.3 +/- 1.8, 21.6 +/- 2.4, and 20.6 +/- 2.3, respectively. The control base-line SCE frequency was 11.2 +/- 1.2. The rapid initial increase in SCEs is consistent with the rapid increase reported previously in circulating active metabolites in rats following cyclophosphamide treatment. In peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured at 1 and 24 hr after serial injections of cyclophosphamide (3.0 mg/kg) two, four, and six times (every other day), a dose-related accumulation of SCEs occurred. Accumulation of SCEs was also observed in lymphocytes cultured at 24 and 72 hr following 12 multiple injections (three times weekly) of cyclophosphamide (3 mg/kg) (24.8 +/- 1.5 and 17.6 +/- 1.4, respectively) as compared to the single-injection group assayed at 24 and 72 hr postexposure (16.0 +/- 2.4 and 12.9 +/- 1.4, respectively). In the 12-multiple-injection study, an initial rapid decline at 72 hr was followed by a gradual decrease in SCE levels (1 week, 16.9 +/- 1.3; 2 weeks, 15.2 +/- 0.7; and 4 weeks, 13.4 +/- 1.1) which returned to near base-line (11.2 +/- 0.9) levels at 8 weeks. In the 12-multiple-injection study, successful growth of parallel concanavalin A-stimulated cultures was achieved only at 1, 2, and 4 weeks postexposure. Elevated SCE frequencies were observed at these intervals (16.2 +/- 2.1; 16.7 +/- 0.9; 14.2 +/- 0.3, respectively) relative to base-line SCE levels in concanavalin A-stimulated cells (12.1 +/- 1.8). The observed accumulation of SCEs with repeated exposure and persistence of SCE-inducing lesions parallel human data reported previously. The maximum induced (total minus baseline) SCE levels (10.2) observed in cultured lipopolysaccharide-stimulated lymphocytes from blood sampled at 1 hr after a single 3.0-mg/kg injection of cyclophosphamide were comparable or slightly higher than those (7.1) produced by the same dose of cyclophosphamide in murine bone marrow cells labeled with BrdUrd in vivo. However, in contrast to lymphocytes, bone marrow and alveolar macrophage cells did not accumulate SCEs upon repeated cyclophosphamide treatments.
Informative Descriptor Preservation via Commutativity for Shape Matching

We consider the problem of non‐rigid shape matching, and specifically the functional maps framework that was recently proposed to find correspondences between shapes. A key step in this framework is to formulate descriptor preservation constraints that help to encode the information (e.g., geometric or appearance) that must be preserved by the unknown map. In this paper, we show that considering descriptors as linear operators acting on functions through multiplication, rather than as simple scalar‐valued signals, allows to extract significantly more information from a given descriptor and ultimately results in a more accurate functional map estimation. Namely, we show that descriptor preservation constraints can be formulated via commutativity with respect to the unknown map, which can be conveniently encoded by considering relations between matrices in the discrete setting. As a result, when the vector space spanned by the descriptors has a dimension smaller than that of the reduced basis, our optimization may still provide a fully‐constrained system leading to accurate point‐to‐point correspondences, while previous methods might not. We demonstrate on a wide variety of experiments that our approach leads to significant improvement for functional map estimation by helping to reduce the number of necessary descriptor constraints by an order of magnitude, even given an increase in the size of the reduced basis.