Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of two unusual clinically significant Francisella strains

We have isolated two phenotypically distinct nonfastidious Francisella strains (Fx1 and Fx2) from the blood of compromised patients with pneumonia and compared them with eight other Francisella strains, including Francisella tularensis biovar tularensis, F. tularensis biovar novicida, and F. philomiragia. Our isolates grew well on sheep blood agar, chocolate agar, modified Thayer-Martin agar, and Trypticase soy agar. Fx1 and Fx2 were determined to be within the Francisella genus by cellular fatty acid analysis and by the utilization of glucose, production of H2S and catalase, and lack of motility, oxidase, nitrate reductase, and gelatinase. They were additionally shown to belong to the species F. tularensis by sequencing of two variable regions comprising approximately 500 nucleotides of the 16S rRNA gene. Also, RNA probe hybridization confirmed their belonging to the species F. tularensis. However, the new strains, which are not identical, are distinguished from other F. tularensis strains by growth characteristics, repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR fragment pattern, and some biochemical tests. Key biochemical differences included the findings that Fx1 was positive for beta-galactosidase and arabinose hydrolysis and that both strains were citrulline ureidase positive and glycerol negative. Commercial F. tularensis antiserum agglutinated stock F. tularensis strains but not Fx1, Fx2, F. tularensis biovar novicida, or F. philomiragia; serum from either patient failed to agglutinate or only weakly agglutinated commercial antigen but showed agglutination when tested against each patient's respective isolate. Fx1 and Fx2 produced beta-lactamase. Because of their good growth, negative serology, and biochemical profile, the organisms could be misidentified in the clinical laboratory if standard strategies or commercial identification systems are used.
Advocating for the Use of Social Network Analysis in Individual Psychology

In this article, the authors advocate for the use of current social network analysis methodology to contribute to research on the theory and practice of Individual Psychology. This can occur by focusing on the measures of the relationships within the groups themselves or by relating relationships between members of groups to characteristics of individuals in the group. To accomplish this, some of the applicable measures of social networks are centrality, transitivity, clustering, and diameter. Several examples are presented in which social network analysis can be applied in Individual Psychology, including a possible construct validity study for existing measures of dimensions within Gemeinschaftsgefühl.
Prenatal Exposure to the Phytoestrogen Daidzein Resulted in Persistent Changes in Ovarian Surface Epithelial Cell Height, Folliculogenesis, and Estrus Phase Length in Adult Sprague-Dawley Rat Offspring

Daidzein (DZ), an isoflavone with the potential to interfere with estrogen signaling, is found in soy products, which have gained popularity due to purported beneficial effects on the cardiovascular and skeletal systems and potential antineoplastic properties. However, the ingestion of phytoestrogens has been associated with impaired reproductive function in many species. The aim of this study was to determine the long-term effects on the ovaries of rat offspring exposed to DZ or ethinyl estradiol (EE) during prenatal development. Gravid rats were administered either vehicle or 5 or 60 mg DZ/kg body weight/d or 0.002 mg 17-α EE /kg body weight/d on gestational days 6–21. Ovarian-related endpoints were investigated during adulthood in female offspring. The mean cell height of the ovarian surface epithelium was significantly reduced in all treated groups. Alterations in folliculogenesis included increased follicular atresia, a reduction in secondary and tertiary follicle numbers, and cyst formation. An elevated prevalence of a slightly prolonged estrus phase was also observed. The morphological changes to the ovarian surface epithelium are consistent with an antiproliferative effect, while ovarian folliculogenesis was adversely affected. The effects of the high dose DZ were similar to those observed with 17-α EE.
Task-related interactions between kindergarten children and their teachers: the role of emotional security.

This study examined the emotional security of kindergarten children in dyadic task-related interactions with their teachers. In particular, it examined the interrelations between security, task behaviours (persistence and independence), social inhibition, and teachers’ support. Participants were 79 kindergartners (mean age = 69.7 months) and their 40 regular teachers. Children were selected to approach a normal distribution of social inhibition. Children and teachers were filmed during a dyadic interaction task outside the classroom. Three groups of independent observers rated children’s emotional security and their task behaviours, as well as teachers’ supportive behaviours. Multilevel modelling revealed a positive link between teachers’ support and emotional security. This link suppressed a negative relation between social inhibition and emotional security. In addition, emotional security was positively associated with children’s task behaviours and mediated part of the positive link between these behaviours and teachers’ support. Finally, security moderated the relation between support and persistence, such that the effect of teachers’ support on persistent behaviours was amplified for relatively insecure children. These results highlight the importance of considering emotional security when examining the interactions between kindergarten children and their teachers.
La compréhension d'un document technique multimédia peut-elle être améliorée par une présentation séquentielle de son contenu ?

RESUME Les documents techniques electroniques sont de plus en plus courants dans de nombreuses formations scolaires, universitaires ou professionnelles. Ces documents electroniques presentent un certain nombre d’avantages sur leurs homologues presentes sur papier. L’un d’eux est la possibilite de presenter progressivement une information visuelle synchronisee a l’explication orale correspondante. En nous appuyant sur des resultats experimentaux recents, nous nous proposons de comparer ce type de presentation a une presentation statique du meme contenu dans un document de formation sur les gestes de premiers secours. Nous faisons l’hypothese que la superiorite de ce type de presentation ne se limitera pas a des contenus eux-memes sequentiels – par exemple, une procedure –, mais aussi a d’autres contenus sans relations temporelles specifiques. Cette hypothese est verifiee : les benefices de la presentation sequentielle sont mis en evidence dans une epreuve impliquant la connaissance d’une serie d’actions dans un ordre specifique, mais aussi sur des questions portant sur le rappel de notions ou l’ordre n’est pas implique. Des benefices de la presentation sequentielle sont aussi mis en evidence pour une tâche de transfert de connaissances. Les retombees de cette experience sur la conception de documents techniques electroniques sont discutees.
Computerized Clinical Decision Support Improves Warfarin Management and Decreases Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism

Background: An explicit approach to warfarin dose adjustment using computerized clinical decision support (CDS) improves warfarin management. We report metrics of quality for warfarin management before and after implementation of CDS in a large health care system. Methods: A total of 2591 chronically anticoagulated patients were eligible for inclusion. We compared interpatient time in therapeutic range (TTR) and international normalized ratio (INR) variability before and after implementation of CDS. We report outcomes of major bleeding, thrombosis, and health care utilization. Results: Implementation of CDS significantly improved TTR (from 63.99% to 65.13%; P = .04) and reduced out-of-range INRs (from 42.39% to 39.97%; P < .001). Venous thromboembolism (relative risk [RR] 0.41; P < .001) emergency department utilization (RR 0.62; P < .001), and hospitalization (RR 0.62; P < .001) were reduced after CDS implementation. Major hemorrhage was more frequent after CDS implementation (RR 1.42; P = .01). Conclusion: The CDS warfarin management was associated with improved TTR and decreased INR variability in a large cohort of chronically anticoagulated patients. Clinically relevant outcomes were broadly improved, although more bleeding events were observed.
Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis responses of human breast epithelial cells to the synthetic organosulfur compound p-methoxyphenyl p-toluenesulfonate.

BACKGROUND There are several studies documenting that organosulfur compounds show promise as anticancer agents. Although some mechanisms of the antiproliferative activity of naturally occurring organosulfur compounds have been elucidated, few studies have reported the differential response of human breast cells to these compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of the synthetic sulfonate ester, p-methoxyphenyl p-toluenesulfonate on growth inhibitory activity depending upon the estrogen-receptor (ER), p53, bcl-2 and caspase-3 status of cells was investigated by comparing its effects on three distinct human breast cancer cell lines (MCF-7, MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453) and on one normal human mammary epithelial cell line (MCF-10A). RESULTS This sulfonate ester selectively killed cancer cells at doses of 100 microM. Flow cytometry analysis showed that treatment with p-methoxyphenyl p-toluenesulfonate caused different cell cycle responses in the four cell lines but no clear association with p53 status was observed. Apoptosis was also induced in cells harboring different levels of Bcl-2 expression, but again independently of the p53 or ER status of the cells. CONCLUSION These results suggest that p-methoxyphenyl p-toluenesulfonate acts on multiple signaling pathways leading to growth inhibition and activation of mechanisms of cell death selectively affecting survival of breast cancer cells. Thus, p-methoxyphenyl p-toluenesulfonate is the first member of a new class of tumor-specific chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of breast cancer.
Risk Sharing for the Long Run. The gains from financial integration.∗

Cole and Obstfeld (1991) pointed out that the welfare benefits of international portfolio diversification might be negligible. They obtain this result in the context of a model in which agents have time-additive constant relative risk aversion preferences. We revisit their conclusion by showing that a preference for the timing of the resolution of uncertainty combined with endowments containing a slowly moving trend can result in extremely high welfare gains. The model is also able to account for a large set of international finance stylized facts. Our setup allows us to bridge part of the gap between the current finance and international macroeconomic literatures.
The Division of Labour in Early Child Care—Mothers and Others

ABSTRACT This paper is concerned with the work of child care and with the division of work between mothers and others. Drawing on research data, it explores the idea that this work takes place in a domain located between the public and the private. The perspectives of mothers and health visitors on child care and health care are considered, with particular reference to their perspectives on their own and others' knowledge and responsibility.
Women, Family and Class

The question of how to incorporate women in class analysis and stratification research has been the topic of heated controversy in recent decades. Much of the debate has been about the conventional approach to research on social mobility and class analysis that assumes the family to be the unit of stratification and the family's class position to be determined independently of women's work position. Those defending the conventional view can show that research on the empirical validity of the conventional view provides partial support for it, and that its use in previous empirical research probably has not resulted in serious misrepresentations. In this article, I review the literature on these issues. I summarize the criticism and defense of the conventional view and review research that examines its empirical adequacy. This is followed by a discussion of alternative approaches to the determination of the family's class position.
Tracer kinetic analysis of dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI and CT bladder cancer data: A preliminary comparison to assess the magnitude of water exchange effects

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of water exchange on tracer kinetic parameter estimates derived from T1‐weighted dynamic contrast‐enhanced (DCE)‐MRI data using a direct quantitative comparison with DCE‐CT. Data were acquired from 12 patients with bladder cancer who underwent DCE‐CT followed by DCE‐MRI within a week. A two‐compartment tracer kinetic model was fitted to the CT data, and two versions of the same model with modifications to account for the fast exchange and no exchange limits of water exchange were fitted to the MR data. The two‐compartment tracer kinetic model provided estimates of the fractional plasma volume (vp), the extravascular extracellular space fraction (ve), plasma perfusion (Fp), and the microvascular permeability surface area product. Our findings suggest that DCE‐CT is an appropriate reference for DCE‐MRI in bladder cancers as the only significant difference found between CT and MR parameter estimates were the no exchange limit estimates of vp (P = 0.002). These results suggest that although water exchange between the intracellular and extravascular‐extracellular space has a negligible effect on DCE‐MRI, vascular–extravascular‐extracellular space water exchange may be more important. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Reading Lessons and Federal Policy Making: An Overview and Introduction to the Special Issue

University of Tennessee The passage of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB, 2002), with its Reading First program provisions, marked a new sort of federal educational policy making in several ways. First, after decades of largely academic debate, the nature of effective reading instruction was addressed in federal legislation. The NCLB Act federalized reading policy, and, along the way, debates about how best to teach reading moved from teacher lounges and school board meetings to state capitols and finally to the White House and Congress. Thus, the location of the debates about reading shifted from local to national political stages. As Sunderman, Kim, and Orfield (2005, p. 2) noted, “States are at the center of the history and finance of public education in the United States, and they have always been accorded wide autonomy. NCLB curtailed this autonomy. ” Second, although earlier federal legislation required assessment of participating pupils to show the value added by instruction provided through federal Title 1 funds, the NCLB requirements (a) extend beyond participants in the Title 1 and Reading First initiatives (e.g., pupils with disabilities, English language learners), (b) require more frequent assessments than earlier federal policies, and (c) contain a series of mandated “corrective actions” to be applied to schools that fail to achieve consistently improved academic performance from students in each of the identified subgroups. This federal mandate that schools demonstrably narrow the achievement gap or suffer substantial loss of local control (vs. potential loss of federal funds) shifted the nature of the negotiations between the fed-
Knowledge of dental interns towards emergency management of avulsed tooth in dental colleges in Nepal.

BACKGROUND Avulsion is most common traumatic injury of tooth. Adequate knowledge about management of this situation can save a tooth. This study was conducted to investigate the knowledge and attitude of dental interns of Nepal in the management of tooth avulsion and also evaluate the need for further education on managing avulsed teeth. METHODS A cross-sectional survey consisting of 18 items were filled, collected and mailed back by 121 interns of Nepal from five dental colleges. The study period was from July to September 2013. All returned questionnaires were analyzed using SPSS 17.0. RESULTS Dental interns with more efficient in answering questions regarding- ideal time for replantation of an avulsed tooth (p=0.024), splinting period (p=0.008), the critical factor in the outcome of replanted tooth (p=0.010) and the better prognosis with open apex (p=0.001). Prior knowledge about management of avulsed tooth had a role in correctly answering questions on type of splint used (p=0.022) and better prognosis with open apex (p=0.018). Attending educational program on trauma management helped them in correctly answering questions on avulsed permanent tooth to be replanted (p=0.043) and the type of splint used (p=0.014). CONCLUSIONS Dental interns experience, prior knowledge and educational programs with dental management regarding traumatic injuries scored significantly higher than without such training or acquired information. However further knowledge needs to be enhanced by continued educational programs to ensure appropriate treatment.
Missing Surface Inflection or Impairment in second language acquisition? Evidence from tense and agreement

In this article, two accounts of the variable use of inflection in adult second language (L2) acquisition are examined. The Missing Surface Inflection Hypothesis (MSIH) proposes that L2 learners have unconscious knowledge of the functional projections and features underlying tense and agreement. However, learners sometimes have a problem with realization of surface morphology, such that they resort to non-finite forms (e.g. Haznedar and Schwartz, 1997; Prévost and White, 1999). The Impaired Representation Hypothesis (IRH) claims that L2 inflection is essentially impaired, due to lack of functional categories, features or feature strength (e.g. Eubank, 1993/94; Meisel, 1997). These views make different predictions for adult L2 acquisition. Spontaneous production data from two adult learners of French and two adult learners of German are examined. The data show that finite forms do not occur in non-finite contexts, that learners exhibit syntactic reflexes of finiteness and that inflected forms largely show accurate agreement. These results suggest that adult L2 learners represent finiteness and agreement at an abstract level, rather than being impaired in this domain, supporting the MSIH.
The Transforming Leader: A Meta-Ethnographic Analysis

The author describes an analysis of the leadership literature conducted to identify the themes, patterns, and connections that define transformational leadership. Meta-ethnography is explained as a method to conduct an interpretive synthesis of qualitative research and other secondary sources as a counterpart to meta-analysis for quantitative research. The literature on transformational leadership and related sources on community college leadership provided the data for the study, which were analyzed using open coding and the constant comparative technique to produce a profile of transformational leadership. The profile rests on seven major themes that the author describes and elaborates upon in terms of connecting concepts and how community college leaders can apply them: creating a shared vision, communicating it, building relationships, developing a culture, guiding implementation, exhibiting character, and achieving results.
On the Relation Between Pinna Reflection Patterns and Head-Related Transfer Function Features

This paper studies the relationship between head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) and pinna reflection patterns in the frontal hemispace. A pre-processed database of HRTFs allows extraction of up to three spectral notches from each response taken in the median sagittal plane. Ray-tracing analysis performed on the obtained notches' central frequencies is compared with a set of possible reflection surfaces directly recognizeable from the corresponding pinna picture. Results of such analysis are discussed in terms of the reflection coefficient sign, which is found to be most likely negative. Based on this finding, a model for real-time HRTF synthesis that allows to control separately the evolution of different acoustic phenomena such as head diffraction, ear resonances, and reflections is proposed through the design of distinct filter blocks. Parameters to be fed to the model are derived either from analysis or from specific anthropometric features of the subject. Finally, objective evaluations of reconstructed HRTFs in the chosen spatial range are performed through spectral distortion measurements.
CURVE is the Institutional Repository for Coventry University The Relationship Between Latent Inhibition and Performance at a Non-intentional Precognition Task

Context: Many spontaneous cases of extra-sensory perception (ESP) seem to occur without the conscious intent of the experient to manifest any anomalous phenomena. Indeed, Stanford‟s psimediated instrumental response (PMIR) theory, which frames ESP as a goal-oriented function, goes as far as to suggest that such intent may be counterproductive to psi. Objectives: The present study was the latest to build on the successful paradigm developed by Luke and colleagues in testing the non-intentional psi hypothesis and potential covariates of psi task success. This study focused on the ability of latent inhibition an organism‟s cognitive tendency to filter out apparently irrelevant information to predict an individual‟s sensitivity to psi stimuli. Method: Fifty participants completed a two-part auditory discrimination performance measure of latent inhibition, a battery of questionnaires and a 15-trial, binary, forced-choice, non-intentional precognition task. They were then either positively or negatively rewarded via images from subsets which they had pre-rated, seeing more images from their preferred subsets the better they performed at the psi task and vice-versa. Results: Participants scored a mean hit rate of 7.96 (MCE = 7.50), which just failed to reach a statistically significant level, t(48) = 1.62, p = . 06, one-tailed, ESr = 0.23. However, latent inhibition was found to be unrelated to participants‟ precognitive performance.
Evaluation of Lower- Leg Swelling using Electromyograms Obtained with Voltage-Dividing Electrodes

Lower leg swelling is caused by an increase in extracellularfluid in the lowerleg. Lower leg swelling is uncomfortable for the patient and increases the risk of blood flow abnormalities. Compression stockings, leg exercise, and a specific type of flooring material have been used to attempt to prevent lower leg swelling. To evaluate lower leg swelling, we attempted to estimate the change in internal impedance due to lower leg swelling using electromyograms (EMG) obtained with voltage dividing electrodes. Ten healthy men (23.3±2.1 years old) participated in this study. They were asked to work at a desk for 12 hours. The following measurements were obtained: EMG readings (obtained using voltage dividing electrodes), calf circumference, and lower leg impedance (obtained using an impedance meter). These measurements were obtained before, during and after the desk work. The results showed that the internal impedance decreased as the calf circumference increased. The reduction ratio of the internal impedance, as determined by EMG performed with voltage dividing electrodes, was significantly greater than the internal impedance measured using an impedance meter (P<0.05). Our new measurement method was thus proven to be effective in evaluation of lower leg swelling.