Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: a-twenty-years experience and problems in Ile-Ife, South-Western Nigeria.

AIM To investigate the usefulness of some clinical and laboratory parameters in assessing the prognosis and survival of CLL in a resource-limited setting. METHODS Between September 1986 and March 2007, 79 consecutive patients were retrospectively studied. Diagnosis was based on clinical and haematological findings. RESULTS A total of 79 patients, aged 30 to 81 (median = 60) years were managed. There were 34 males and 45 females (ratio = 0.8:1). About 86.1% were aged above 50 years. Massive splenomegaly and hepatomegaly were recorded in 70.9% and 29.1% of patients, respectively. More than 63% presented in stage C. Anaemia was recorded in 74.7%. Haematocrit correlated negatively with WBC but positively with platelet count. The spleen correlated positively with liver. The overall survival at 2 years was 70.2%. Logistic regression showed that younger age, male sex, higher haematocrit, and lower platelet count improved survival, while lower WBC, moderate hepatomegaly and splenomegaly conferred survival advantage. CONCLUSION It could be concluded that massive splenomegaly is a common finding in the majority of our patients. Non availability of immunophenotyping facility is a major constraint.
The Quality of Online Registration Information

The online-collection of user information is becoming more and more popular due to its favorable economics in comparison with traditional methods of data collection. The practice of "online-registration" allows companies to force potential customers to fill out arbitrary forms as a prerequisite to granting some incentive. However, consumers are increasingly concerned about their online privacy. This practice of online-registration being perceived as a barter rather than a voluntary disclosure, therefore the quality of the information thus gathered is questionable. This paper presents the key results of a study on the factors influencing the disclosure of personal information as part of an online registration. More than Three Hundred Internet users were interviewed in Germany with a traditional paper-and-pencil survey to examine the decision process leading to the disclosure of either authentic or falsified personal information.
Color filter array pattern identification using variance of color difference image

A color filter array is placed on the image sensor of a digital camera to acquire color images. Each pixel uses only one color, since the image sensor can measure only one color per pixel. Therefore, empty pixels are filled using an interpolation process called demosaicing. The original and the interpolated pixels have different statistical characteristics. If the image is modified by manipulation or forgery, the color filter array pattern is altered. This pattern change can be a clue for image forgery detection. However, most forgery detection algorithms have the disadvantage of assuming the color filter array pattern. We present an identification method of the color filter array pattern. Initially, the local mean is eliminated to remove the background effect. Subsequently, the color difference block is constructed to emphasize the difference between the original pixel and the interpolated pixel. The variance measure of the color difference image is proposed as a means of estimating the color filter array configuration. The experimental results show that the proposed method is effective in identifying the color filter array pattern. Compared with conventional methods, our method provides superior performance. © 2017 SPIE and IS&T [DOI: 10.1117/1.JEI. 26.4. 043015]
Longitudinal Changes in Lactoferrin Concentrations in Human Milk: A Global Systematic Review,

Lactoferrin is the second most abundant whey protein in human milk and is known for its functional benefits, particularly antimicrobial activities. We report a comprehensive evaluation of the published literature on quantitative changes in lactoferrin in term and preterm human milk through the course of lactation. We also considered methods used to quantify lactoferrin. We critically evaluated 94 articles on human milk with 52 meeting study inclusion criteria (2724 women). A descriptive analysis of the data was performed. Lactoferrin concentration was highest during early lactation and rapidly declined to remain relatively unchanged from 1 month to 2 years of lactation. The unweighted mean of mean (±SEM) concentrations of lactoferrin in early milk (<28 days lactation) was 4.91 ± 0.31 g/L (range of means 0.34–17.94 g/L; median 4.03). For mature milk, the mean of means was 2.10 ± 0.87 g/L (range of means 0.44–4.4 g/L; median 1.91). The majority of data were derived from Europe with fewer studies from Africa and South America. There was a paucity of data on preterm milk. This comprehensive dataset explains in detail the longitudinal changes of lactoferrin concentrations in human milk throughout the world and briefly describes factors that may influence these concentrations.
Gold nanoparticles for nanotheranostics in leukemia – Addressing Chronic Myeloid Leukemia

ix LIST OF PUBLICATIONS . xi LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND SYMBOLS . xiii TABLE OF CONTENTS . xvii LIST OF FIGURES . xix LIST OF TABLES . xxi CHAPTER 1 – INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 LEUKEMIA . 3 1.1.1 Classification . 3 1.1.2 Chronic myeloid leukemia . 6 1.1.2.1 Molecular biology and disease progression . 6 1.1.2.2 Diagnostics and disease follow-up . 8 1.1.2.3 Therapeutics . 11 1.1.2.4 Current trends . 13 1.2 NANOMEDICINE . 21 1.2.1 Focus on gold . 21 1.2.2 Gold nanoparticle-based diagnostics . 22 1.2.2.1 Non-cosslinking assay optimization . 24 1.2.2.2 Non-crosslinking assay application to biomolecular detection. 26 1.2.2.3 Point-of-need devices . 29 1.2.3 Gold nanoparticle-based theranostics . 30 1.2.3.1 Targeting and delivery . 31 1.2.3.2 Therapeutic agents . 33 1.2.3.3 Phototherapy . 34 1.2.3.4 Multimodal Imaging . 35 1.2.3.5 From research lab to the clinic . 36 1.2.4 Nanotechnology commercial impact . 37 1.3 NANOTECHNOLOGY TOWARDS LEUKEMIA MANAGEMENT . 39 1.3.1 Clinical trials . 42 1.4 SCOPE OF THE THESIS . 43 CHAPTER 2 – MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF LEUKEMIA CLINICAL SAMPLES . 47 2.1 ABSTRACT . 49
Glycogen synthase kinase 3β and β‐catenin pathway is involved in toll‐like receptor 4‐mediated NADPH oxidase 1 expression in macrophages

Macrophage activation contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In the vascular system, the major source of reactive oxygen species is the NADPH oxidase (Nox) family. Nox1 is induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in macrophages, but the expression mechanism is not fully understood. We found that LPS causes β‐catenin accumulation by glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β) inactivation, and that β‐catenin accumulation increases Nox1 expression. LPS induced Nox1 mRNA expression and reactive oxygen species generation in Raw264.7 cells. Using bone marrow‐derived macrophages from toll‐like receptor 4 mutant mice, we also tested whether LPS‐induced Nox1 expression is toll‐like receptor 4 dependent. LPS caused GSK3β phosphorylation, induced β‐catenin accumulation and increased nuclear translocation. The GSK3β inhibitor LiCl potentiated LPS‐induced Nox1 expression in accordance with β‐catenin accumulation and nuclear translocation. Conversely, ectopic expression of a constitutively active GSK3β mutant severely attenuated Nox1 expression. These findings identify a novel regulatory pathway controlling Nox1 expression by LPS‐stimulated macrophages.
Interplay of Oxidative Stress and Autophagy in PAMAM Dendrimers-Induced Neuronal Cell Death

Poly-amidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers are proposed to be one of the most promising drug-delivery nanomaterials. However, the toxicity of PAMAM dendrimers on the central nervous system seriously hinders their medical applications. The relationship between oxidative stress and autophagy induced by PAMAM dendrimers, and its underlying mechanism remain confusing. In this study, we reported that PAMAM dendrimers induced both reactive oxygen species and autophagy flux in neuronal cells. Interestingly, autophagy might be triggered by the formation of reactive oxygen species induced by PAMAM dendrimers. Suppression of reactive oxygen species could not only impair PAMAM dendrimers-induced autophagic effects, but also reduce PAMAM dendrimers-induced neuronal cell death. Moreover, inhibition of autophagy could protect against PAMAM dendrimers-induced neuronal cell death. These findings systematically elucidated the interplay between oxidative stress and autophagy in the neurotoxicity of PAMAM dendrimers, which might encourage the application of antioxidants and autophagy inhibitors to ameliorate the neurotoxicity of PAMAM dendrimers in clinic.
Single-layer wire routing and compaction

By reading, you can know the knowledge and things more, not only about what you get from people to people. Book will be more trusted. As this single layer wire routing and compaction, it will really give you the good idea to be successful. It is not only for you to be success in certain life you can be successful in everything. The success can be started by knowing the basic knowledge and do actions.
Cytotoxic response of platinum‐coated gold nanorods in human breast cancer cells at very low exposure levels

Because of unique optical behavior gold nanorods (GNRs) have attracted attention for the application in biomedical field such as bio‐sensing, bio‐imaging and hyperthermia. However, toxicological response of GNRs is controversial due to their different surface coating. Therefore, a comprehensive knowledge about toxicological profile of GNRs is necessary before their biomedical applications. First time, we investigated the toxic response of GNRs coated with platinum (GNRs‐Pt) in human breast carcinoma (MCF‐7) cells. Platinum coating further improves the optical and catalytic properties of GNRs. Assays such as 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT), neutral red uptake (NRU) and lactate dehydroganase (LDH) assays have shown that GNRs‐Pt induced cytotoxicity at very low exposure levels (0.1–0.8 μg mL−1). Accumulation of cells in SubG1 phase and low mitochondrial membrane potential (JC‐1 probe) in treated cells suggest that GNRs‐Pt induced cell death via apoptotic pathway. Quantitative real‐time PCR data demonstrated that mRNA expression of apoptotic genes (bax, caspase‐3 and caspase‐9) were up‐regulated while anti‐apoptotic gene bcl‐2 was down‐regulated in cells exposed to GNRs‐Pt. We further observed the higher activity of caspase‐3 and caspase‐9 enzymes in GNRs‐Pt treated cells supporting mRNA data. Moreover, N‐acetyl cysteine (NAC) significantly attenuated the ROS generation and cytotoxicity induced by GNRs‐Pt in MCF‐7 cells suggesting that ROS might plays a crucial role in GNRs‐Pt induced toxicity. This study warns of possible toxicity of GNRs even at very low exposure levels. Further investigations needed to explore potential mechanisms of this low dose toxicity phenomenon. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 1344–1356, 2016.
Journal of Digital Information Management Impact of Node Mobility on Manet Routing Protocols Models

A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a self-configuring network of mobile nodes connected by wireless links to form an arbitrary topology without the use of existing infrastructure. In this paper, we have studied the effects of various mobility models on the performance of two routing protocols Dynamic Source Routing (DSR-Reactive Protocol) and Destination-Sequenced Distance-Vector (DSDV-Proactive Protocol). For experiment purposes , we have considered four mobility scenarios: Random Waypoint, Group Mobility, Freeway and Manhattan models. These four Mobility Models are selected to represent possibility of practical application in future. Performance comparison has also been conducted across varying node densities and number of hops. Experiment results illustrate that performance of the routing protocol varies across different mobility models, node densities and length of data paths. Introduction A Mobile Ad-Hoc Network (MANET) is a self-configuring network of mobile nodes connected by wireless links, to form an arbitrary topology. The nodes are free to move randomly. Thus the network's wireless topology may be unpredictable and may change rapidly. Minimal configuration, quick deployment and absence of a central governing authority make ad hoc networks suitable for emergency situations like natural disasters, military conflicts, emergency medical situations etc [1] [2]. Many previous studies have used Random Waypoint as reference model [3] [4]. However, in future MANETs are expected to be used in various applications with diverse topography and node configuration. Widely varying mobility characteristics are expected to have a significant impact on the performance of the routing protocols like DSR and DSDV. The overall performance of any wireless protocol depends on the duration of interconnections between any two nodes transferring data as well on the duration of interconnections between nodes of a data path containing n-nodes. We will call these parameters averaged over entire network as " Average Connected Paths ". The mobility of the nodes affects the number of average connected paths, which in turn affect the performance of the routing algorithm. We have also studied the impact of node density on routing performance. With very sparsely populated
Electron donation to an archaeal cytochrome P450 is enhanced by PCNA‐mediated selective complex formation with foreign redox proteins

Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are environmentally friendly biocatalysts that catalyze diverse chemical reactions using molecular oxygen under mild reaction conditions. P450s are activated upon receiving electrons from specific redox partner proteins, although the redox partners for most bacterial/archaeal P450s are not yet identified. Thus, it is important to establish a variety of efficient and versatile electron transfer systems from NAD(P)H to P450s for the design of biocatalysts. Sulfolobus solfataricus possesses a heterotrimeric proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA). Fusion of the PCNA subunits to S. acidocaldarius P450 (CYP119) and the Pseudomonas putida redox proteins, putidaredoxin (PdX) and putidaredoxin reductase (PdR), yielded a selective protein complex containing one molecule each of the three proteins. The PCNA‐mediated heterotrimerization of CYP119, PdX, and PdR enhanced the CYP119 activity, likely as a result of high local concentrations of the two redox proteins toward CYP119. Therefore, the PCNA‐mediated formation of the complex containing PdX and PdR might be applicable for harnessing the utility of P450s whose redox partners are not yet identified.
Stabilizing nanostructured solid oxide fuel cell cathode with atomic layer deposition.

We demonstrate that the highly active but unstable nanostructured intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cell cathode, La0.6Sr0. 4CoO3-δ (LSCo), can retain its high oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) activity with exceptional stability for 4000 h at 700 °C by overcoating its surfaces with a conformal layer of nanoscale ZrO2 films through atomic layer deposition (ALD). The benefits from the presence of the nanoscale ALD-ZrO2 overcoats are remarkable: a factor of 19 and 18 reduction in polarization area-specific resistance and degradation rate over the pristine sample, respectively. The unique multifunctionality of the ALD-derived nanoscaled ZrO2 overcoats, that is, possessing porosity for O2 access to LSCo, conducting both electrons and oxide-ions, confining thermal growth of LSCo nanoparticles, and suppressing surface Sr-segregation is deemed the key enabler for the observed stable and active nanostructured cathode.
A Comprehensive Comparison of Different Clustering Methods for Reliability Analysis of Microarray Data

In this study, we considered some competitive learning methods including hard competitive learning and soft competitive learning with/without fixed network dimensionality for reliability analysis in microarrays. In order to have a more extensive view, and keeping in mind that competitive learning methods aim at error minimization or entropy maximization (different kinds of function optimization), we decided to investigate the abilities of mixture decomposition schemes. Therefore, we assert that this study covers the algorithms based on function optimization with particular insistence on different competitive learning methods. The destination is finding the most powerful method according to a pre-specified criterion determined with numerical methods and matrix similarity measures. Furthermore, we should provide an indication showing the intrinsic ability of the dataset to form clusters before we apply a clustering algorithm. Therefore, we proposed Hopkins statistic as a method for finding the intrinsic ability of a data to be clustered. The results show the remarkable ability of Rayleigh mixture model in comparison with other methods in reliability analysis task.
CADAVER KIDNEY TRANSPLANTS

The experience obtained from 59 renal transplantations is presented. In 58 instances the kidney was of cadaver origin. Subsequent function was related to minutes of warm ischemia and there was no difference in late function between those with differing degrees of acute tubular necrosis. The complications and causes of transplant failure are given for 33 failures in 31 patients; at least 10 of these failures were due to the nonimmunologic additional hazards of cadaver kidney transplantation. An analysis of 29 patients, ranked by their evidence of rejection activity in the first three post-transplant months shows significant difference in renal function, hippuran renogram, pathologic changes in glomeruli and vessels, but not interstitial cellular infiltration. There was also a significant difference whereby those with more hemodialysis prior to transplantation showed less evidence of rejection activity. This finding is discussed. Nonrenal complications are described and total survival figures are given.
Positioning with Bluetooth

An evaluation of Bluetooth positioning in a general positioning platform is presented. The evaluation a Bluetooth based positioning system was implemented in order to complement the theoretical evaluation with empirical tests. Three different ways of positioning with Bluetooth have been developed. With a registered positioning service, a Bluetooth device has an active role in the positioning task, where a connected device to look up respective position in a database uses the unique address of the device. It is also possible to forward a position gained from the positioning platforms using the peer-to-peer characteristics in Bluetooth. The theoretical time requirements for a positioning system based on Bluetooth are discussed. Empirical tests show that these requirements hold.
A five‐year follow‐up study of neurocognitive functioning in bipolar disorder

Cognitive dysfunction in bipolar disorder has been well‐established in cross‐sectional studies; however, there are few data regarding the longitudinal course of cognitive performance in bipolar disorder. The aim of this study was to examine the course of cognitive function in a sample of euthymic patients with bipolar disorder during a five‐year follow‐up period.
University of Birmingham A simplified flange-lip model for distortional buckling of cold-formed steel channel-sections with stiffened web

: In the current paper presents a simplified analytical model for determining the critical stress of distortional buckling of lipped channel-sections with stiffened web made from cold-form steel (CFS). Lipped channel-section with stiffened web have been shown to have a distinct advantage in resisting local buckling and are associated with the higher distortional buckling stress, when compared to the channel-section without stiffener. It is widely used as a substitution for standard channel-section in cold form steel construction applications. In the current work, CFS channel-sections with stiffened web are investigated based on the flange-lip model. In order to determine the stiffness of rotational springs representing the restraining effect of the web to the flange–lip system, the web with different type of stiffeners is modelled as an orthopedic plate. Using the total potential energy principle, the formula for calculating the local buckling stress of the stiffened web considering loading scenarios including a pure compression and a pure bending moment are derived. The stiffness of rotational spring can be obtained. Finally , the prediction of
Regional differences in interhemispheric structural fibers in healthy, term infants

Using fiber tracking we investigated the early interhemispheric to cortical development by segmenting the corpus callosum (CC) in five substructures, genu, rostrum, body, isthmus, and splenium, and to examine gender differences in healthy, term neonates. Twenty neonates (11 boys aged 39 ± 2 days, nine girls aged 39 ± 1 days) were scanned in natural sleep with diffusion tensor imging and 35 gradient directions. Fiber tracking was performed using the FACT algorithm. The CC was segments in five substructures on midsagittal imaging. The fiber axial and radial diffusion were measured along with apparent diffusion coefficient and fractional anisotropy. Volume measures were performed for each of these substructures using high‐resolution isotropic 3D T1‐weighted images. Radial and mean diffusivity in all measured interhemispheric connections were significantly higher in male newborn infants than in female. Second, a gender‐dependent regional difference of the measured interhemispheric connections exists. There was no volume difference between boys and girls in any of the five studied sudsubstructures. In addition there was no association between macrostructural and microstructural differences either in boys or girls. The cytoarchitecture and the integrity of the interhemispheric fibers is more developed in female infants in all subdivisions of the CC, except for the isthmus. This might result from a larger axonal diameter, highly packed fibers, or more well‐developed myelin sheath. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of TP63‐related disorders including the first set of monozygotic twins

Individuals with Tumor Protein P63 (TP63)‐related disorders are known to present with a range of phenotypic features, including ectrodactyly, ectodermal dysplasia, cleft lip/palate, Rapp‐Hodgkin, Hay–Wells, and limb‐mammary syndromes. We present six individuals from three families, including a set of monozygotic twins, with pathogenic TP63 variants who had novel clinical findings. The twins were discordant for cleft lip and palate, and the type of hand malformations, but concordant for choanal atresia, and bilateral volar nail. Both failed newborn screening for severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) due to T‐cell lymphopenia. The second family included three family members across two generations. Two of these three family members had orofacial clefting, but the remaining child had a laryngeal web and hydrocele with no clefting or hand anomalies, highlighting the variable expressivity in TP63‐related disorders. The individual from the third family had unilateral cleft lip and palate, hydronephrosis, and bilateral volar nails. Together, these cases illustrate that: there is significant familial variability, including discordant major but concordant minor anomalies in the first ever reported set of molecularly confirmed monozygotic twins with pathogenic variants in TP63; pathogenic variants in TP63 should be considered in individuals with volar nail, which was previously only strongly associated with 4q34 deletion syndrome; and failed SCID newborn screening due to abnormal immune functioning may be part of the phenotypic spectrum of TP63‐related disorders, as it was reported in one prior individual and two of the individuals in our case series.