Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Looking good, feeling good: the embodied pleasures of vibrant physicality

Social scientists of medicine have largely, although by no means exclusively, focused their research on illness and sickness thus obscuring social scientific investigations of positive health and wellbeing. Undoubtedly, important reasons exist for this but the relevance of studying ‘healthy’ bodies requires emphasis and wider acknowledgement within the newer (embodied, non-dualistic) sociology of health and illness. This is necessary because the concrete corporeal manifestations of ‘health’ in everyday life – components of and preconditions for embodied social practice – may, paradoxically, erode bodily capital while simultaneously contributing to it. Using qualitative data generated during an ethnography of bodybuilding subculture, this paper contributes to the sociology of ‘healthy’ (transgressive) bodies. It describes the somatic representation of health and youth, the so-called erotics of the gym and the perceived benefits of anaerobic exercise for everyday pragmatic embodiment. Contra critical feminist studies, it furthers an appreciative understanding of ‘risky’ bodywork in post- or late modernity and underscores the value of bringing healthy lived bodies into medical sociology.
Elección de pareja estable a través de anuncios de periódico

Evolutionary predictions about mate choice: a study based on personal advertisements. The cross-cultural study of mate preferences by Buss (1989) suggests that the Spanish sample, with regard to some trait preferences, does not follow evolutionary predictions. We used 7415 advertisements published in Spanish newspapers to analyse traits sought and offered by men and women of different age groups. Some results supported evolutionary predictions: men sought younger, physically attractive women, and offered their socioeconomic status; women sought older men with status/resources, and in turn offered physical attractiveness. However, other results are contrary to evolutionary predictions, and appear to be specific for the studied Spanish population: women seek physical attractiveness and fidelity more than men. Traits offered and sought varied according to different age groups, and would therefore seem to be influenced by sociocultural factors.
A method comparison study of flow cytometry and cytomorphology to determine the percentages of blasts in patients with acute leukemia after induction and consolidation chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND Enumeration of blasts in the bone marrow is an essential component in the diagnosis and treatment of acute leukemia. The current gold standard method is based on a morphologic counting of 500 marrow nucleated cells despite its operator dependence and inter-observer variability. OBJECTIVES To compare the percentages of marrow blasts derived from two different approaches comprising routine morphology-based manual counting and flow cytometric analysis. MATERIAL AND METHOD Fifty-five marrow samples were collected from 38 acute leukemia patients (36 AML and 19 ALL) after hematologic recovery from chemotherapy. The blast percentages were enumerated manually and by flow cytometer using CD45 and side scatter gates. RESULTS A good correlation was found in the overall 55 samples (r = 0.829) and 36 AML samples (r = 0.86). The blast percentages derived from flow cytometer were higher than from morphologic counting in 46 samples (83.6%). Using a cut-off point of < 5% blasts to define complete remission (CR), 48 cases (87%) were classified as morphological CR (83% CR in AML and 95% CR in ALL). By flow cytometry, only 24 cases (44%) were in CR (28% CR in AML and 74% CR in ALL). The results from each method were concordant in determining CR in 27 samples (49%), with a kappa value of 0.07 for overall samples, 0.057 for AML and -0.096 for ALL samples. CONCLUSION A good correlation between the percentages of blasts achieved by either method was demonstrated, particularly in AML samples. Discordant results occurred when <5% blasts were used as a cut-offpoint to determine CR. Both methods should be complementarily performed to ensure a truly complete response to chemotherapy. The method discrepancy should be further investigated in order to increase the level of confidence in CR status.
Investigations on the effect of forage source, grinding, and urea supplementation on ruminal fermentation and microbial protein flow in a semi-continuous rumen simulation system

The objective of the present study was to compare the effect of maize silage and grass silage on microbial fermentation and protein flow in a semi-continuous rumen simulation system (Rusitec) when milling screen size (MSS) during grinding was varied. Oven-dried silages were milled through screens of 1, 4 or 9 mm pore size and incubated for 48 h in a Rusitec system. Furthermore, the effect of N supplementation to maize silage (MSS: 4 mm) was investigated and single dose vs. continuous infusion of urea-N were compared. Degradation of organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), fibre fractions and non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) as well as short-chain fatty acid production differed significantly between forage sources. Urea-N supplementation improved the degradation of NSC, but not that of fibre fractions in maize silage. The way of urea supply had only marginal effects on fermentation characteristics. An increase in MSS, and consequently in mean feed particle size, led to an improvement in the degradation of OM, CP and NSC, but efficiency of microbial net protein synthesis (EMPS; mg microbial N flow/g degraded OM) and the microbial amino acid profile were less affected. EMPS was higher in grass silage than in maize silage and was improved by urea-N supplementation in maize silage. This study indicates that fermentation of NSC as well as EMPS during incubation of maize silage was limited by availability of NH3-N. Furthermore, an increase in MSS above 1 mm seems to improve fermentation of silages in the Rusitec system.
Bat Activity Across the Vertical Gradient of an Old-Growth Sequoia sempervirens Forest

We investigated how bats use habitat structure along the vertical gradient of an old-growth Sequoia sempervirens (redwood) forest. Ground-based detection methods would underrepresent bats that use the canopy and above-canopy airspace in this forest as they reach far beyond practical netting and acoustic detection range. We equipped two tall trees with full spectrum automated bat detectors at treetop (108 m), lower crown (55 m), and ground level (5 m) from April 2008 to November 2009, excluding December and January. We sampled 1,365 detector nights, recorded 3,769 echolocation sequences (bat passes), and found 12 species, two of which, Lasiurus blossevillii and Tadarida brasiliensis, that had no prior documented presence in redwood forests. The maximum proportion of bat activity occurred at treetop, although ground level species diversity exceeded that of the lower crown and treetop, and species composition differed among locations. Non-Myotis species composed 95% of the calls at the treetop, 88% at lower crown, and 21% at ground level. Calls from Myotis species averaged 71% of all calls recorded at ground level compared to less than 4% at both lower crown and treetop. Activity declined markedly, but did continue, during the winter months we sampled. The combination of a temperate climate and observations of larger, migratory species during November, February, and March suggested the potential for resident populations or inland migrants overwintering in this forest. These findings emphasize the importance of sampling throughout the calendar year and including the full reach of the vertical habitat when quantifying bat activity in forests.
Social-Cognitive Play Patterns in Same-Age and Mixed-Age Preschool Classrooms

Recent theoretical propositions and some research findings suggest that children may acquire unique adaptational advantages through mixed-age socialization. To further examine these claims, children’s social-cognitive modes of play and peer responses to them were observed in two classrooms of 3-year-olds, in two classrooms of 4-year-olds, and in two mixed-age classrooms of 3- and 4-year-olds. Observations were conducted during 10 5-minute sessions during indoor free-play periods. Analyses revealed developmental differences in play patterns in same-age but not in mixed-age classrooms. Three-year-olds in mixed-age classrooms were more likely to engage in “complex” modes of play than 3-year-olds in same-age classrooms. There were no program or age differences in the number of different dramatic themes used by children. Within the mixed-age classrooms, interactive modes of play were dispersed somewhat evenly across age/sex groups. The data are discussed with respect to the implications of mixed-age preschool classrooms for attaining educational goals.
Profiling sports therapy students' preferred learning styles within a clinical education context

The aim of this study was to report the learning style preferences of final year Sports Therapy students within the context of clinical education, with a further specific focus on differences between male and female learning styles. A total of n = 32 BSc. (Hons) Sports Therapy degree students ( xAâ AÂ±AÂ s; age = 21.8 AÂ±AÂ 4.8 years, male:female = 14:18) were recruited from the University of Gloucestershire whilst completing a 24 week clinical practice module. Data collection involved the Kolb learning style inventory (version 3.1) being administered to all participants with reference to their clinical practice experience. Data analysis, involving mean scores for these learning style orientations, were then used to determine the group preference for abstractness over concreteness (AC-CE) and action over reflection (AE-RO). Group analysis revealed a preference for the converging learning style (AC-CE = 5.3, AE-RO = 5.2) and was in contrast to the favoured individual learning styles of Accommodator (34%) and Diverger (31%). These individual findings are consistent with Kolb & KolbA¢â¬â¢s (2005) belief that individuals involved in human-related professions are person orientated and likely to adopt concrete learning styles. Gender comparison revealed a statistically significant difference between the AC-CE scores (P = 0.03), possibly leading to the assumption that male Sports Therapy students have a predilection for more abstract modes of experiential learning (8.6), whereas females have a slight preference for more concrete means (2.7), suggesting a more balanced learning style. The findings of this study indicate that learning activities could be tailored in order to optimise potential learning within a clinical Sports Therapy context.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in late‐onset variant of Fabry disease with high residual activity of α‐galactosidase A

A new variant form of Fabry disease with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy of late onset is reported. Two unrelated male hemizygotes of this disease first presented with signs and symptoms of cardiomyopathy after 50 years of age. Cultured lymphoblastoid cells showed significantly higher residual αgalactosidase A activities than in the patients with classical phenotypic expressions.
An effective coaching model: the perceptions and strategies of professional team sport coaches and players in Australia.

This paper explores professional coach and player perceptions of effective coaching, closely scrutinising what coaches do (behaviours) and what coaches think (perceptions). A unique range of professional coaches and players from Australian team sport contexts were observed and interviewed regarding the topic of effective coaching. Qualitative data analyses lead to the creation of an ‘Effective Coaching Model’ (ECM) for professional sport with three major concepts that represent the professional coaches'/players' perceptions and strategies of effective coaching: (a) The Coach, (b) Coaching Skills, and (c) The Environment. After presenting the key features of the ECM and how they were applied in these professional contexts, the ECM is critiqued in relation to the various eminent models of sport coaching.
Nutritional Success on the Great Plains: Nineteenth-Century Equestrian Nomads

Native Americans have often been portrayed as merely unfortunate victims of European disease and aggression, but data on human stature showand travelers' accounts and skeletal records confirmthat the equestrian Plains nomads were ingenious, adaptive, and nutritionally successful in the face of exceptional demographic stress. Much of their extraordinary achievement can be attributed to a rich and varied diet, a modest disease load other than epidemics, a remarkable facility at reorganization following demographic disasters, and egalitarian principles of operation.
Path Dependent Adaptive Forward Error Correction with Multipath Interleaving Control Scheme for Video Streaming over Wireless Networks

Forward Error Correction (FEC) mechanism is a method commonly used to handle losses in video streaming. Moreover, the conventional FEC mechanism cannot overcome the problem of burst packet losses in wireless networks. In this paper, an FEC with Path Interleaving (FEC-PI) is proposed to improve the quality of video streaming in a multipath environment. The proposed FEC-PI mechanism sends interleaved data over multiple paths to overcome the FEC recovery performance problem due to the burst packet losses. Compared to the conventional FEC mechanism, the experimental results show that the proposed FEC-PI scheme achieves better performances in terms of packet loss rate and peak signal to noise ratio.
The prosecution of psychiatric inpatients: overcoming the barriers

The prosecution of psychiatric inpatients can present problems for psychiatrists and others. These include perceived conflicts of interest, issues with breaching confidentiality and whether prosecution is in the public interest. This paper describes the practical issues which were faced in achieving prosecution of patients who committed assaults within an English high security hospital. A major factor was a mutual lack of understanding at the interface between psychiatrists and the investigating and prosecuting authorities. A consistent approach was achieved after meetings between the police, Crown prosecution service (CPS) and hospital staff. The details of this local agreement are described as we believe that there is no reason why this approach should not be used in other settings. For some patients, being prosecuted had considerable implications for their future management; by the imposition of a restriction order or indeterminate sentence for example.
LM-Tests for Linearity Against Smooth Transition Alternatives: A Bootstrap Simulation Study ∗

The universal method for testing linearity against smooth transition autoregressive (STAR) alternatives is the linearization of the STAR model around the null nuisance parameter value, and performing F-tests on polynomial regressions in the spirit of the RESET test. Polynomial regressors, however, are poor proxies for the nonlinearity associated with STAR processes, and are not consistent (asymptotic power of one) against STAR alternatives, let alone general deviations from the null. Moreover, the most popularly used STAR forms of nonlinearity, exponential and logistic, are known to be exploitable for consistent conditional moment tests of functional form, cf. Bierens and Ploberger (1997). In this paper, pushing asymptotic theory aside, we compare the small sample performance of the standard polynomial test with an essentially ignored consistent conditional moment test of linear autoregression against smooth transition alternatives. In particular, we compute an LM sup-statistic and characterize the asymptotic p-value by Hansen's (1996) bootstrap method. In our simulations, we randomly select all STAR parameters in order not to bias experimental results based on the use of "safe", "interior" parameter values that exaggerate the smooth transition nonlinearity. Contrary to past studies, we find that the traditional polynomial regression method performs only moderately well, and that the LM sup-test out-performs the traditional test method, in particular for small samples and for LSTAR processes.
In Vitro and In Vivo Models for the Study of Human Polyomavirus Infection

Developments of genome amplification techniques have rapidly expanded the family of human polyomaviruses (PyV). Following infection early in life, PyV persist in their hosts and are generally of no clinical consequence. High-level replication of PyV can occur in patients under immunosuppressive or immunomodulatory therapy and causes severe clinical entities, such as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, polyomavirus-associated nephropathy or Merkel cell carcinoma. The characterization of known and newly-discovered human PyV, their relationship to human health, and the mechanisms underlying pathogenesis remain to be elucidated. Here, we summarize the most widely-used in vitro and in vivo models to study the PyV-host interaction, pathogenesis and anti-viral drug screening. We discuss the strengths and limitations of the different models and the lessons learned.
Fibrate therapy in the management of dyslipidemias, alone and in combination with statins: role of delayed-release fenofibric acid

Importance of the field: Optimization of lipid management is a crucial aspect in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Currently, HMG-CO reductase inhibitors (statins) are a mainstay of therapy. While this class of drugs has proven efficacy at lowering low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), their effects on other important lipid parameters, such as high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglycerides, are less robust. Areas covered in this review: The current paper will address the significance of these secondary targets and review currently available therapies, including a new formulation of delayed-release fenofibric acid. A comprehensive MEDLINE search (1966 to September 2009) was performed. What the reader will gain: The reader will gain a comprehensive review of the importance of secondary cholesterol targets, as well as the effectiveness of currently available therapies to address non-LDL-C. The role of the newly released fenofibric acid will also be addressed, as well as its potential use in combination therapy with a statin. Take home message: Adequate treatment of lipid parameters beyond LDL-C is an essential component in the treatment of dyslipidemia. The fibrate class of drugs has proven efficacy in improving secondary targets; however, concerns regarding severe myopathy and rhabdomyolysis have limited their combination with statins. Recently, a new fibrate derivative, fenofibric acid, has become available. Studies to date reflect a positive safety and tolerability profile when combined with statins. This may offer a new tool to address the important secondary cholesterol targets that are becoming increasingly recognized as important contributors to cardiovascular outcomes.
Schedule control and mental health: the relevance of coworkers’ reports

Although some studies suggest that schedule control might promote mental health, research has over-relied on self-reports, which might explain why the evidence is inconclusive and mixed. In this study, we introduce an analytical approach based on coworkers’ reports (in lieu of self-reports) in order to better characterize the organizational nature of schedule control, and to address biases of self-reports (e.g. reverse causation or confounding). Following job demand-control theoretical principles, in this cross-sectional study of 1229 nurses nested in 104 hospital units, we tested the hypothesis that psychological distress (a risk factor for mental illness) would be lower for nurses where coworkers reported higher levels of schedule control at their units. Results showed that increments in coworkers’ reports of schedule control at their units were associated with lower risk of psychological distress, even after accounting for self-reports of schedule control, which were not associated with this outcome. In conclusion, relying only on self-reports might conceal mental health effects of schedule control, so future research ought to include organizational and individual measures and perspectives of schedule control. Using coworkers’ reports is a pertinent strategy to better signal the potential health effect of schedule control, especially when biased self-reporting is suspected.
Postgraduate Research Training: Some Issues.

This three-year study of research training policy and practice involved government and university executives, and university academics from the Philippines. A total of 53 participants were involved: two officials from the Commission on Higher Education, six directors of research centres, 28 university executives and 17 academic staff. Seven public and 15 private universities across the Philippines were involved. Findings suggest that: (1) there are inadequate facilities and resources dedicated to support staff and student research; (2) there is a lack of specific training to develop staff for research and supervision; (3) the emphasis of supervision is on proofreading and the rewards are unattractive; (4) the range of student support available is less dedicated to research; (5) there is low research quality in both staff and student research; and (6) there is limited research collaboration locally and internationally.
Pathobiology of injury after stroke: the neurovascular unit and beyond

Throughout the history of research on stroke pathophysiology, focus has shifted from purely vascular concepts to the insight that a complex interplay of biochemical and molecular mechanisms involving practically any cell type of the brain (“neurovascular unit”) partakes in either salvage or demise of the tissue after a stroke. In addition, it was realized that peripheral immune cells play important roles, not only after their invasion into the brain but also because of stroke‐induced effects on the immune system that can result in infections. Indeed, outcome of stroke patients is not only dictated by nonmodifiable factors, such as severity of stroke, age, or premorbidity, but also by modifiable factors largely related to medical complications, such as infections and possibly sarcopenia. The highly successful concept of stroke units attests to the benefits of treating stroke comprehensively. Breakthroughs in improving outcome after stroke will only result from approaches that target not only the brain, but also systemic effects of stroke.
Organochlorines and Risk of Prostate Cancer

This pilot study examined the relationships of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) with prostate cancer. Ninety-nine controls were frequency matched by age in 5-year increments to 58 prostate cancer patients. Thirty PCBs and 18 OCPs were measured in serum by gas chromatography. Multiple logistic regression was used to assess the magnitude of association. Seven organochlorines, dieldrin, p,p′-DDE, trans-nonachlor, oxychlordane, heptachlor epoxide, and PCBs 153 and 180 were detected in at least 20% of all study participants. Adjusting for age, body mass index, and a history of prostatitis, oxychlordane and PCB 180 were associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer. This study suggests that long-term, low-dose exposure to specific OCPs and PCBs in the general population may contribute to an increased risk of prostate cancer and supports further investigation in this area.