Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Organizational Researcher Values, Ethical Responsibility, and the Committed-to-Participant Research Perspective

Many leading organizational scholars have suggested that our discipline has become one lacking in relevance and meaning. The authors suggest that a primary reason for this perceived lack of relevance is the failure of much organizational research to be responsive to all potential research stakeholders. They propose the committed-to-participant research perspective to help address this limitation of past research.
Public Complaints and Complaint Responses in Calls to a Jordanian Radio Phone-in Program

This study investigates complaints and complaint responses in interactions between local citizens and the hosts of a live two-hour radio phone-in in Jordan devoted to receiving and handling complaints of a public nature. Using Brown and Levinson’s (1987) politeness model, the study examines the functions and patterns of complaints and the types of responses elicited from the hosts. Findings indicate that callers attempt to promote solidarity with the hosts in order to strengthen the validity of their complaints and increase their chances of receiving remedial action. Given the inherently face-threatening nature of complaints, the data show that there is often a considerable area of rapport building between callers and the hosts, achieved through such devices as praising remarks and use of informal address forms. In responding to the complaints, the hosts attempt to negotiate solidarity with callers by encouraging them to speak freely, using empathic remarks, and promising to transfer callers’ problems to the authorities. These phone-in complaints are thus heavily constrained and shaped by the public institutional setting in which they are performed. This study investigates the conversational behavior of local citizens and the hosts of a radio phone-in program in Jordan devoted to handling complaints of a public nature in which different government departments are involved. In particular, the study examines the complaint patterns used by callers and the ways in which the program hosts respond to these public complaints and provide redress. The program is broadcast on weekdays and receives calls from local citizens about problems they encounter in terms of public services, or problems caused by bureaucratic inefficiency. Therefore, the program’s role involves calling the relevant government department in order to provide possible solutions for the problem in question. In light of the apparent unresponsiveness of governments to grievances about public services and corruption, one issue fueling current popular protests in the Middle East, such ‘open’
Selective neck dissection and deintensified postoperative radiation and chemotherapy for oropharyngeal cancer: A subset analysis of the university of pennsylvania transoral robotic surgery trial

The purpose of this study was to determine the regional recurrence rate of node‐positive oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) in patients undergoing transoral robotic surgery (TORS) and selective neck dissection (SND) followed by observation, radiation, or concurrent chemoradiation.
Effects of Levofloxacin and Doxycycline on Interleukin-6 Production of Chlamydia trachomatis-Infected Human Synovial Fibroblasts

Background: Alarge amount (80,000–100,000 pg/ml) of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was detected in cultures of human synoviocytes infected with Chlamydia trachomatis. In this study, we investigated the effect of antibiotics on the IL-6 production of C. trachomatis-infected human fibroblast-like synovial cells (HFLS). Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentrations of levofloxacin and doxycycline against C. trachomatis were determined in either HFLS or HeLa 229 cells. The number of live Chlamydia was also examined. IL-6 in the supernatants of infected cultures was quantified by capture ELISA. Results: The production of IL-6 was suppressed to as low as 1,800 pg/ml in the infected HFLS treated with levofloxacin or doxycycline immediately or early after infection. In HFLS treated with levofloxacin and doxycycline, the IL-6 levels decreased to 37,000 and 21,000 pg/ml, respectively, 48 h after infection, and levofloxacin was thus found to be less effective than doxycycline. In addition, the number of viable C. trachomatis in the infected cultures treated with levofloxacin 24 h after infection was higher than when treated with doxycycline. Conclusions: The early administration and proper selection of antibiotics is important for the suppression of inflammatory cytokine production. These findings indicate that antibiotic therapy will not only work in treating infections but might also be useful in treating reactive arthritis secondary to the infection.
Adult height in relation to mortality from 14 cancer sites in men in London (UK): evidence from the original Whitehall study.

BACKGROUND Adult height has been related to organ-specific malignancies in relatively few studies. Findings are discrepant for some sites and several studies are subject to a series of methodological limitations. MATERIALS AND METHODS We examined the association of adult height with death attributed to 14 cancer sites using data from the original Whitehall cohort. This is a prospective study of 18,403 middle-aged, non-industrial, London-based, male government employees who were examined in the late 1960s and then followed up for mortality for a maximum of 35 years. RESULTS There were 11,099 deaths during follow-up, 3101 (28%) of which were ascribed to cancer. Cox proportional hazards regression models revealed modest effects for height in relation to site-specific cancers. Following adjustment for covariates that included employment grade (an indicator of socioeconomic position), body mass index and smoking habit, increased height was associated with elevated mortality rates for cancer of combined sites [hazards ratio per 5 cm increase in height (95% confidence interval); P for trend across height categories: 1.05 (1.03, 1.08); P < 0.001], lung [1.13 (1.06, 1.20); P < 0.001], prostate [1.07 (0.99, 1.15); P = 0.08], kidney [1.20 (0.99, 1.46); P = 0.08], skin [1.35 (1.06, 1.70); P = 0.02] and leukaemia [1.11 (0.96, 1.28); P = 0.02]. CONCLUSIONS Amongst other explanations, the weak positive height-cancer gradients apparent herein may be ascribed to early life exposures that correlate with adult height, such as high caloric intake.
Risk of thrombosis in patients with antiphospholipid antibodies and factor V Leiden mutation.

OBJECTIVE Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are thrombophilic risk markers in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS). The risk factors for recurrent venous or arterial thrombosis and indications for longterm anticoagulation therapy are debated. We hypothesized that carrying a second thrombophilic defect, factor V Leiden mutation, would increase the risk for thrombosis in patients with aPL. METHODS Seventy-five patients with primary APS and 83 with SLE and aPL with or without thrombosis followed at 2 university hospitals were studied. Factor V mutation rate was analyzed in patients and in 200 healthy blood donors by polymerase chain reaction analysis. RESULTS The prevalence of factor V Leiden mutation in patients with SLE and aPL or primary APS was similar to controls. Patients with deep vein thrombosis or arterial thrombosis did not have a significantly increased rate of factor V mutation compared to controls or to patients with aPL without thrombosis. CONCLUSION Factor V Leiden mutation is not significantly associated with vein thrombosis in patients with aPL. However, due to the sample size we cannot rule out synergy between both factor V Leiden and aPL. A trend toward increased risk for thrombosis was detected in patients with the mutation and this should be analyzed in a larger study.
Are Disruptive CEO Successions Viewed as a Governance Lapse? Evidence From Board Turnover

A wealth of governance research has examined CEO successions and the negative organizational consequences that arise when boards are unable to effect smooth leadership transitions. Despite those findings, empirical and anecdotal evidence indicates that disruptive successions are still very common. In this article, we investigate whether disruptive CEO successions are viewed as a governance lapse by the board. We focus specifically on succession processes that involve the use of an interim leader. We leverage established research that shows that the pattern of board turnover observed in the wake of negative events is indicative of whether board behaviors are—in practice—viewed as normative violations. We theorize that audiences will disapprove of boards’ use of interim CEOs and, therefore, expect that these successions will prompt higher rates of board turnover than those observed following noninterim successions. However, we also anticipate that this relationship will be moderated by situational characteristics (e.g., surprise CEO departure, dynamic industry environment) that complicate succession planning and make audiences more accepting of a board’s decision to rely on an interim CEO. Our analysis of 438 successions at publicly traded U.S. firms provides support for these arguments. We discuss the implications of our findings for successions and corporate governance.
Dealing with Data: Using NVivo in the Qualitative Data Analysis Process

Dieser Aufsatz behandelt die Art und Weise, wie eine QDA-Software – hier Nvivo – im qualitativen Analyseprozess eingesetzt werden kann. Computerunterstutzte qualitative Datenanalysesoftware (CAQDAS) wird als ein Werkzeug beschrieben, das Forschende in ihrer Suche nach einer akkuraten und transparenten Reprasentation der Daten unterstutzt, wahrend zur gleichen Zeit ein Audit des Analyseprozess als Ganzes ermoglicht wird – etwas, was oft in Darstellungen des qualitativen Datenanalyseprozesses fehlt. In diesem Beitrag vergleiche ich manuelle Methoden der qualitativen Datenanalyse von Interviewtranskripten mit der Anwendung von Nvivo fur den Auswertungsprozess. Im besonderen untersuche ich die Schwierigkeiten, die im Zusammenhang mit der detaillierten Analyse von Interviewtranskripten auftreten konnen, und befasse mich mit der Frage der Reliabilitat und Validitat des Analyseprozesses und seiner Ergebnisse. Die zeitlichen Investitionen, die erforderlich sind, um das gesamte Potential von NVivo auszuschopfen, werden ebenfalls diskutiert. Es wird gezeigt, dass eine Kombination von manuellen und computerunterstutzten Verfahren am sinnvollsten zu sein scheint. URN: urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs0202260
Colonization of wounded peanut seeds by soil fungi: selectivity for species from Aspergillus section Flavi

Soil is a source of primary inoculum for Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, fungi that produce highly carcinogenic aflatoxins in peanuts. Aflatoxigenic fungi commonly invade peanut seeds during maturation, and the highest concentrations of aflatoxins are found in damaged seeds. A laboratory procedure was developed in which viable peanut seeds were wounded and inoculated with field soil containing natural populations of fungi, then incubated under different conditions of seed water activity and temperature. Densities of Aspergillus section Flavi in soil used for inoculating seeds were low relative to the total numbers of filamentous fungi (<1%). Aspergillus species from section Flavi present in soil included A. flavus morphotypes L and S strains, A. parasiticus, A. caelatus, A. tamarii and A. alliaceus. Wounding was required for high incidences of fungal colonization; viability of wounded seeds had little effect on colonization by Aspergillus species. Peanut seeds were colonized by section Flavi species as well as A. niger over broad ranges of water activity (0.82–0.98) and temperature (15–37 C), and the highest incidences of seed colonization occurred at water activities of 0.92–0.96 at 22–37 C. A. parasiticus colonized peanut seeds at lower temperatures than A. flavus, and cool soil temperatures relative to temperatures of aerial crop fruits might explain why A. parasiticus is found mostly in peanuts. Other fungi, dominated by the genera Penicillium, Fusarium and Clonostachys, colonized seeds primarily at water activities and temperatures suboptimal for section Flavi species and A. niger. Eupenicillium ochrosalmoneum frequently sporulated on the conidial heads of section Flavi species and showed specificity for these fungi. The inoculation of wounded viable peanut seeds with soil containing natural populations of fungi provides a model system for studying the infection process, the interactions among fungi and those factors important in aflatoxin formation.
Is Inflation Persistence Intrinsic in Industrial Economies?

We apply both classical and Bayesian econometric methods to characterize the dynamic behavior of inflation for twelve industrial countries over the period 1984-2003, using four different price indices for each country. In particular, we estimate a univariate autoregressive (AR) model for each series, and consider the possibility of a structural break at an unknown date. For many of these countries, we find strong evidence for a break in the intercept of the AR equation in the late 1980s or early 1990s. Allowing for a break in intercept, the inflation measures generally exhibit relatively low inflation persistence. Evidently, high inflation persistence is not an inherent characteristic of industrial economies.
Understanding the interface of HIV, trauma, post-traumatic stress disorder, and substance use and its implications for health outcomes

Many individuals living with HIV have been exposed to some type of traumatic event during their lives and may be living with symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). A substantial number of these individuals are also likely to show evidence of a co-morbid substance use disorder (SUD). There is reason to believe that the co-occurrence of HIV and PTSD or co-morbid PTSD and SUD (PTSD/SUD) may predict poorer health outcomes. There are several pathways through which PTSD or PTSD/SUD might adversely impact the health of individuals living with HIV, including participation in negative health behaviours, low levels of adherence to antiretroviral medications, and/or a direct, deleterious effect on immune function. Psychological interventions are needed to treat PTSD and PTSD/SUD in HIV-positive individuals, and reduce the negative impact of these conditions on health outcomes. This article will explore data on the prevalence of trauma exposure, PTSD, and PTSD/SUD among individuals living with HIV, the pathways through which these conditions might affect health, possible interventions for PTSD and PTSD/SUD for individuals living with HIV, and methods for integrating care for individuals with these disorders. Future directions for research related to HIV, PTSD, and PTSD/SUD will also be discussed.
Comparison and Field Validation of Binomial Sampling Plans for Oligonychus perseae (Acari: Tetranychidae) on Hass Avocado in Southern California

ABSTRACT Oligonychus perseae Tuttle, Baker, & Abatiello is a foliar pest of ‘Hass’ avocados [Persea americana Miller (Lauraceae)]. The recommended action threshold is 50–100 motile mites per leaf, but this count range and other ecological factors associated with O. perseae infestations limit the application of enumerative sampling plans in the field. Consequently, a comprehensive modeling approach was implemented to compare the practical application of various binomial sampling models for decision-making of O. perseae in California. An initial set of sequential binomial sampling models were developed using three mean—proportion modeling techniques (i.e., Taylor's power law, maximum likelihood, and an empirical model) in combination with two-leaf infestation tally thresholds of either one or two mites. Model performance was evaluated using a robust mite count database consisting of >20,000 Hass avocado leaves infested with varying densities of O. perseae and collected from multiple locations. Operating characteristic and average sample number results for sequential binomial models were used as the basis to develop and validate a standardized fixed-size binomial sampling model with guidelines on sample tree and leaf selection within blocks of avocado trees. This final validated model requires a leaf sampling cost of 30 leaves and takes into account the spatial dynamics of O. perseae to make reliable mite density classifications for a 50-mite action threshold. Recommendations for implementing this fixed-size binomial sampling plan to assess densities of O. perseae in commercial California avocado orchards are discussed.
News From Nowhere

Michel Agier opens his reflections on the ‘city-camp’ by observing that the settlement of tens of thousands of refugees in camps run by the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and other organizations is much more common in Africa and Asia than in Europe, and that this approach to the care and control of refugees seems to be a ‘speciality of poor countries’. The ‘dominant, even massive, use of the camp formula in the most dispossessed regions of the world’ forms the basis of Agier’s two principal hypotheses. First, he argues that the camps as a prominent institutional means of dealing with massive displacements of people stand for a larger phenomenon:
Impact Evaluation of a School-based Counselling Intervention in Northern Ireland: Is it Effective for Pupils Who Have Been Bullied?

Bullying remains a significant issue in the lives of many children and young people at school and can have serious negative implications for emotional health and well-being in the short and longer term. This paper reports on an impact evaluation of the effectiveness of a school counselling intervention in promoting positive change in the peer relationships of pupils who have been bullied. Longitudinal data were collected from 202 pupils (mean age = 12.5, standard deviation = 2.3) using the self-rated Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). In total, 27.2% of referrals (55 pupils) to the intervention related to being bullied. Latent growth curve modelling confirmed that pupils who had been bullied scored significantly higher initial status scores (1.40, p <0.01) on the Peer problems subscale of the SDQ and experienced a significantly more rapid rate of decrease on this subscale (−0.25, p <0.01) with each successive session of school counselling compared with those pupils who had accessed the intervention for another reason. Results indicate that school counselling is an effective intervention in supporting pupils who have been bullied and should be a key component of an effective whole school approach aimed at addressing bullying. The implications for research and practice development are considered.
Exploratory Theoretical Tests of the Instructor Humor–Student Learning Link

Instructors' use of humor is generally a positive influence on student outcomes. However, examinations of humor have found that specific types of messages may not impact, or may even reverse, its positive effect. Instructional humor processing theory (IHPT) has been used to explain how humor impacts student learning. The current study sought to examine the tenets of this theory by testing whether the relationships articulated by its authors function the way the theory predicts they should. Three hundred participants responded to measures assessing their perceptions of affective learning, attention, self-determination, cognitive engagement, perceived cognitive learning, and instructors' humor. Results indicated that IHPT did not adequately explain the relationship between instructor humor and perceived cognitive learning. However, self-determination theory was a suitable alternative explanation.
When an Ad's Influence Is beyond Our Conscious Control: Perceptual and Conceptual Fluency Effects Caused by Incidental Ad Exposure

Four studies were conducted to determine the level of processing that occurs during incidental ad exposure and the extent to which effects of such processing are driven by unconscious influences. Studies 1 and 2 indicate that the addition of semantically related product information in an ad facilitates activation of the product concept in memory. As a result, the advertised product is more likely to be included in a stimulus-based consideration set even when the perceptual features of the product under consideration do not match the features of the product depiction in the ad. These results are consistent with conceptual fluency arising from a semantic analysis that occurs during incidental ad exposure. Studies 3 and 4 indicate that when an ad is devoid of other product-related information (i.e., when it simply depicts a product by itself), processing is limited to a simple feature analysis. The effect of this analysis on consideration set judgment is found when the shape of the advertised product is unfamiliar, and the perceptual features of the product under consideration match those of the product depiction in the ad. These results are consistent with the concept of perceptual fluency. Further, all four studies provide strong evidence that the response bias caused by incidental ad exposure is due to unconscious influences—advertised products were more likely to be included in a consideration set even when subjects were explicitly trying to avoid choosing products that were depicted in the ads.
The 2012 Leona Tyler Award Address

Thomas Kuhn (1996), the historian of science, referred to a paradigm as a pattern of conceptual models and dominant practices that characterize a particular historical period. The present article traces the evolution and compares three major paradigms for career intervention, namely the formist paradigm of modernity’s vocational guidance for the actor, the organismic paradigm of high modernity’s career education for the agent, and the contextual paradigm of post-modernity’s life designing for the author. Each of these paradigms has a distinct discourse that engages clients with a standard rhetoric and skill repertoire. Vocational guidance, from the objective perspective of individual differences, views clients as actors who may be characterized by scores on traits and who may be helped to match themselves to occupations that employ people whom they resemble. Career education, from the subjective perspective of individual development, views clients as agents who may be characterized by their degree of readiness to engage developmental tasks appropriate to their life stages and who may be helped to implement new attitudes, beliefs, and competencies that foster their vocational adaptation. Life design, from the project perspective of social constructionism, views clients as authors who may be characterized by autobiographical stories and who may be helped to reflect on life themes with which to reconstruct their careers. Depending upon a client’s personal needs and social context, practitioners may apply career interventions that reflect different paradigms: vocational guidance to identify occupational fit, career education to foster vocational adaptation, or life design to construct a career story.
Semantically reliable multicast protocols

Reliable multicast protocols can strongly simplify the design of distributed applications. However it is hard to sustain a high multicast throughput when groups are large and heterogeneous. In an attempt to overcome this limitation, previous work has focused on weakening reliability properties. The authors introduce a novel reliability model that exploits semantic knowledge to decide in which specific conditions messages can be purged without compromising application correctness. This model is based on the concept of message obsolescence: a message becomes obsolete when its content or purpose is overwritten by a subsequent message. We show that message obsolescence can be expressed in a generic way and can be used to configure the system to achieve higher multicast throughput.