Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neorepublicanism: A Normative and Institutional Research Program

Neorepublicanism may be defined as the attempt by current political scientists, philosophers, historians, lawyers, and others to draw on a classical republican tradition in the development of an attractive public philosophy intended for contemporary purposes. Three main ideas have been especially prominent in the neorepublican literature. First and most important is the conception of a free person as one who does not live under the arbitrary will or domination of others. Second is the associated conception of a free state as one that attempts to promote the freedom of its citizens without itself coming to dominate them. And third is the conception of good citizenship as consisting in a vigilant commitment to preserving the state in its distinctive role as an undominating protector against domination. The aim of the neorepublican research program is to rethink issues of legitimacy and democracy, welfare and justice, public policy and institutional design, from within the framework that these basic ideas pr.
The relationship between implicit memory and implicit learning

Two distinctions in the human learning literature are becoming increasingly influential; implicit versus explicit memory, and implicit versus explicit learning, respectively. To date, these distinctions have been used to refer to apparently different phenomena. Recent research suggests, however, that the same processes may be underlying performance in the two types of task. This paper reviews recent results in the two areas and suggests ways in which the two distinctions may be related.
Self-efficacy, emotional stability and mental health as predictors of risk taking behaviour among Nigerian University undergraduates : implications for human development

This study sought to explain the combined and separate effects of self-efficacy, mental health and emotional stability on risk-taking behaviour of University undergraduates. The survey research design was adopted utilizing four validated instruments in the collection of data. Participants (male = 175 and females = 250; mean age = 22.40; standard deviation = 4.56) were drawn from six faculties in Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ago Iwoye in Ogun State, Nigeria. Data analysis involved the use of multiple regression procedure and t-test statistics to determine the predictive capacity of the independent variables on the criterion variable. The results indicated that all the three independent variables jointly predicted risk-taking behaviour, accounting for about 15 percent of the variation in the risk taking behaviour of university undergraduates. Each of the independent variables contributed significantly to the prediction of risk taking behaviour, with self-efficacy being the most potent predictor of risk-taking behaviour (β = . 313; t = 6.456; p Keywords : Self-Efficacy, Emotional Stability, Mental Health, Risk-Taking Behaviour, University Undergraduates > IFI PsychologIA Vol. 27 2006: pp. 173-193
Prolonged calcium influx after termination of light-induced calcium release in invertebrate photoreceptors

In microvillar photoreceptors, light stimulates the phospholipase C cascade and triggers an elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ that is essential for the regulation of both visual excitation and sensory adaptation. In some organisms, influx through light-activated ion channels contributes to the Ca2+ increase. In contrast, in other species, such as Lima, Ca2+ is initially only released from an intracellular pool, as the light-sensitive conductance is negligibly permeable to calcium ions. As a consequence, coping with sustained stimulation poses a challenge, requiring an alternative pathway for further calcium mobilization. We observed that after bright or prolonged illumination, the receptor potential of Lima photoreceptors is followed by the gradual development of an after-depolarization that decays in 1–4 minutes. Under voltage clamp, a graded, slow inward current (Islow) can be reproducibly elicited by flashes that saturate the photocurrent, and can reach a peak amplitude in excess of 200 pA. Islow obtains after replacing extracellular Na+ with Li+, guanidinium, or N-methyl-d-glucamine, indicating that it does not reflect the activation of an electrogenic Na/Ca exchange mechanism. An increase in membrane conductance accompanies the slow current. Islow is impervious to anion replacements and can be measured with extracellular Ca2+ as the sole permeant species; Ba can substitute for Ca2+ but Mg2+ cannot. A persistent Ca2+ elevation parallels Islow, when no further internal release takes place. Thus, this slow current could contribute to sustained Ca2+ mobilization and the concomitant regulation of the phototransduction machinery. Although reminiscent of the classical store depletion–operated calcium influx described in other cells, Islow appears to diverge in some significant aspects, such as its large size and insensitivity to SKF96365 and lanthanum; therefore, it may reflect an alternative mechanism for prolonged increase of cytosolic calcium in photoreceptors.
YouTube-8M: A Large-Scale Video Classification Benchmark

Many recent advancements in Computer Vision are attributed to large datasets. Open-source software packages for Machine Learning and inexpensive commodity hardware have reduced the barrier of entry for exploring novel approaches at scale. It is possible to train models over millions of examples within a few days. Although large-scale datasets exist for image understanding, such as ImageNet, there are no comparable size video classification datasets. In this paper, we introduce YouTube-8M, the largest multi-label video classification dataset, composed of ~8 million videos (500K hours of video), annotated with a vocabulary of 4800 visual entities. To get the videos and their labels, we used a YouTube video annotation system, which labels videos with their main topics. While the labels are machine-generated, they have high-precision and are derived from a variety of human-based signals including metadata and query click signals. We filtered the video labels (Knowledge Graph entities) using both automated and manual curation strategies, including asking human raters if the labels are visually recognizable. Then, we decoded each video at one-frame-per-second, and used a Deep CNN pre-trained on ImageNet to extract the hidden representation immediately prior to the classification layer. Finally, we compressed the frame features and make both the features and video-level labels available for download. We trained various (modest) classification models on the dataset, evaluated them using popular evaluation metrics, and report them as baselines. Despite the size of the dataset, some of our models train to convergence in less than a day on a single machine using TensorFlow. We plan to release code for training a TensorFlow model and for computing metrics.
Genetic linkage studies in antithrombin‐deficient kindreds using a highly polymorphic trinucleotide short tandem repeat (str) within the human antithrombin gene

PCR amplification and analysis of short tandem repeats (STR) have provided a useful tool for genetic linkage studies and for the diagnosis of genetic disorders. We have recently identified a novel trinucleotide STR, (ATT) (TAA), in the fifth intron of the human antithrombin gene (AT3) located on chromosome 1q23. PCR amplification, cloning, and sequence analysis revealed this AT3‐STR to be highly polymorphic with repeat units ranging in size from (ATT)5 to (ATT)18 Ten distinct alleles were found in 81 unrelated Caucasian individuals (162 alleles) with an observed heterozygosity of 81%. Genetic linkage studies using the AT3‐STR in two previously described antithrombin (AT)‐deficient kindreds, AT‐Hamilton (Ala 382 Thr) and AT‐Amiens (Arg 47 Cys), demonstrate, in a given kindred, that a specific AT3‐STR polymorphism is strongly associated with a particular AT mutation. Thus, this highly polymorphic AT3‐STR should be very useful in performing linkage studies in AT‐deficient kindreds as well as in investigating other chromosome 1‐related genetic disorders. © 1994 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mapping the Way Ahead: Leading educational leadership into the globalised world

In the fast globalising world of education, it is argued that educational leadership and management as a field of study has failed to keep pace with events in policy and practice. Accordingly, there is need to review how the field might develop to better reflect the forces of globalisation in education and their interaction with local cultural contexts. In this article, we derive five major issues raised by the authors in this Special Issue and express them as propositions. Each of the five propositions is briefly illustrated and presented as pointers to possible future directions for this branch of the field to take.
Managing Boundaries Through Identity Work

Drawing on boundary and identity theories, we examine how individuals manage boundaries in family businesses. Using an inductive, qualitative approach based on interviews of 44 individuals in four family businesses, we find organizational members use 13 identity work tactics, collectively labeled social boundary management, to create and manage boundaries for both individual and organizational identities. We illustrate how individuals use identity work tactics to integrate and segment themselves and others between the domains of family and business. Our findings have implications for family business research, boundary theory, and identity theory.
EFFECTS OF TASK-IRRELEVANT SOUNDS ON THE TACTILE PERCEPTION OF ROUGHNESS

Previous studies demonstrated that tactile sensations of surface roughness were affected by touch-produced sounds. We investigated whether task-irrelevant sounds differentially modified the tactile estimation of roughness and length. The results revealed that only white noise had a significant effect on the roughness estimations. Further, we investigated whether the same tendencies can be observed in the tactile roughness perception of smoother surfaces near the threshold level. The analyses of discrimination errors verified that the tactile roughness perception was modified by the auditory stimuli only in the coarser pair. In particular, white noise and pure tones affected the roughness in opposite ways: the white noise led to rougher sensations and the pure tones led to smoother sensations. The results suggest that task-irrelevant sounds modify the tactile roughness perception. However, it is indicated that the effects likely occur in a limited range of tactile surfaces or in the appropriate combinations between surface roughness and sounds.
Effect of premix and seaweed additives on productive performance of lactating friesian cows

Eighteen lactating Friesian cows with average body weight of 534.44±13.04 kg, ranging from 450 to 660 kg, average milk production of 12.16±0.10 kg/day, ranging from 9.52 to 14.80 kg/day and average parity of 2.22±0.33; ranging from 1 to 5 were used during summer season from June to November 2011, for 150 days starting with one week after parturition. Animals were divided into three similar groups with six cows in each group based on body weight, milk production and parity. All animals were fed the basal ration consisted of 40% concentrate feed mixture + 40% corn silage + 20% rice straw (on DM basis) without additive (control) or with 25 g premix/head/day (premix) or with 50 g seaweed/head/day (seaweed). The seaweed treatment showed significantly (P 0.05) affected the concentrations of albumin, creatinine and bilirubin and the activities of AST and ALT in serum. Average daily actual milk yield and the percentages of fat, lactose, SNF, TS and ash were significantly higher (P<0.05) and somatic cell count (SCC) in milk was significantly lower (P<0.05) for premix and seaweed treatments compared to the control treatment. Meantime, seaweed treatment recorded significantly (P<0.05) the highest 4% FCM yield and protein percentage followed by premix treatment, while the control treatment had the lowest values. The amounts of DM and DCP required for producing 1 kg 4% fat corrected milk (FCM) were significantly lower (P<0.05) for premix and seaweed treatments than those of control treatment. While, the amount of TDN and DE required for producing 1 kg 4% FCM were nearly similar for the different treatments. Feed cost (LE/ day) were nearly similar for the different treatments. While, feed cost per one kg 4% FCM was significantly lower (P<0.05), but the total and net revenue were significantly higher (P<0.05) for premix and seaweed treatments compared to control treatment.
Noncoding transcription within the Igh distal VH region at PAIR elements affects the 3D structure of the Igh locus in pro-B cells

Noncoding sense and antisense germ-line transcription within the Ig heavy chain locus precedes V(D)J recombination and has been proposed to be associated with Igh locus accessibility, although its precise role remains elusive. However, no global analysis of germ-line transcription throughout the Igh locus has been done. Therefore, we performed directional RNA-seq, demonstrating the locations and extent of both sense and antisense transcription throughout the Igh locus. Surprisingly, the majority of antisense transcripts are localized around two Pax5-activated intergenic repeat (PAIR) elements in the distal IghV region. Importantly, long-distance loops measured by chromosome conformation capture (3C) are observed between these two active PAIR promoters and Eμ, the start site of Iμ germ-line transcription, in a lineage- and stage-specific manner, even though this antisense transcription is Eμ-independent. YY1−/− pro-B cells are greatly impaired in distal VH gene rearrangement and Igh locus compaction, and we demonstrate that YY1 deficiency greatly reduces antisense transcription and PAIR-Eμ interactions. ChIP-seq shows high level YY1 binding only at Eμ, but low levels near some antisense promoters. PAIR–Eμ interactions are not disrupted by DRB, which blocks transcription elongation without disrupting transcription factories once they are established, but the looping is reduced after heat-shock treatment, which disrupts transcription factories. We propose that transcription-mediated interactions, most likely at transcription factories, initially compact the Igh locus, bringing distal VH genes close to the DJH rearrangement which is adjacent to Eμ. Therefore, we hypothesize that one key role of noncoding germ-line transcription is to facilitate locus compaction, allowing distal VH genes to undergo efficient rearrangement.
Turn Signal Detection During Nighttime by CNN Detector and Perceptual Hashing Tracking

Detecting vehicle turn signals at night is critical for both assistant driving systems and autonomous driving systems. In this paper, we propose a novel method that consists of detection and tracking modules to achieve a high level of robustness. For nighttime vehicle detection, a Nakagami-image-based method is used to locate the regions containing vehicle lights. At the same time, a set of vehicle object proposals is generated using a region proposal network based on convolutional neural network (CNN) feature maps. Then, the light regions and proposals are combined to generate the regions of interest (ROIs) for the further detection. Vehicle candidates are extracted from the ROIs using a softmax classifier with CNN-based features. For the tracking module, we propose a perceptional hashing algorithm to track these vehicle candidates. During the tracking, turn signals are detected by analyzing the continuous intensity variation of the vehicle box sequences. Experimental results for typical sequences show that the proposed method can robustly detect and track a vehicle in front with over 95% accuracy and recognize the turning signals in night scenes with a detection rate of over 90%. The vehicle detection method improves the miss rate of state-of-the-art systems by more than 20%. In addition, the proposed vehicle tracking method outperforms other state-of-the-art systems.
Efficacy of a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor in murine models of hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer death worldwide, yet effective therapeutic options for advanced HCC are limited. This study was aimed at assessing the antitumor effect of a novel phenylbutyrate‐derived histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, OSU‐HDAC42, vis‐à‐vis suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), in in vitro and in vivo models of human HCC. OSU‐HDAC42 was several times more potent than SAHA in suppressing the viability of PLC5, Huh7, and Hep3B cells with submicromolar median inhibitory concentration (IC50) values. With respect to SAHA, OSU‐HDAC42 exhibited greater apoptogenic potency, which was associated with reduced levels of the apoptotic regulators phosphorylated Akt B‐cell lymphoma‐xL, survivin, cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1, and cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 2. The in vivo efficacy of OSU‐HDAC42 versus SAHA was assessed in orthotopic and subcutaneous xenograft tumor models in athymic nude mice. Daily oral treatments with OSU‐HDAC42 and SAHA, both at 25 mg/kg, suppressed the growth of orthotopic PLC5 tumor xenografts by 91% and 66%, respectively, and of established subcutaneous PLC5 tumor xenografts by 85% and 56%, respectively. This differential tumor suppression correlated with the modulation of intratumoral biomarkers associated with HDAC inhibition and apoptosis regulation. Moreover, the oral administration of OSU‐HDAC42 at 50 mg/kg every other day markedly suppressed ectopic tumor growth in mice bearing large tumor burdens (500 mm3) at the start of treatment. Conclusion: OSU‐HDAC42 is a potent, orally bioavailable inhibitor of HDAC with a broad spectrum of antitumor activity that includes targets regulating multiple aspects of cancer cell survival. These results suggest that OSU‐HDAC42 has clinical value in therapeutic strategies for HCC. (HEPATOLOGY 2007.)
An Inhomogeneous Bayesian Texture Model for Spatially Varying Parameter Estimation

In statistical model based texture feature extraction, features based on spatially varying parameters achieve higher discriminative performances compared to spatially constant parameters. In this paper we formulate a novel Bayesian framework which achieves texture characterization by spatially varying parameters based on Gaussian Markov random fields. The parameter estimation is carried out by Metropolis Hasting algorithm. The distributions of estimated spatially varying parameters are then used as successful discriminant texture features in classification and segmentation. Results show that novel features outperform traditional Gaussian Markov random field texture features which use spatially constant parameters. These features capture both pixel spatial dependencies and structural properties of a texture giving improved texture features for effective texture classification and segmentation.
Stereotype threat: The effect of expectancy on performance.

The goal of this study was to investigate to role of expectancy as a potential mediator of performance deficits under stereotype threat. In Experiment 1, female students were assigned to one of three experimental conditions in which they were told that women perform worse (Negative information), equally (Control) or better (Positive information) than men in logical–mathematical tests. Later, they were given a difficult math test and asked to estimate their performance prior to taking the test. Consistent with predictions, participants who considered logical–mathematical abilities important and received negative information regarding the ingroup showed lower levels of expectations and a sharp decrease in performance compared to women in the positive and control conditions. Moreover, expectancy was found to partially mediate the effect of stereotype threat on performance. In Experiment 2, we tested the generalizability of these results to non-stigmatized groups. A group of Black Americans living in Italy were provided with favorable or unfavorable information about either their minority (Blacks) or their majority (Americans) ingroup. Consistent with predictions, participants both in the minority and in the majority condition had lower expectations and under-performed after negative information about the ingroup. However, the level of expectancy was found to mediate the decrease in performance for participants in the Black but not in the American condition. In the discussion of these results it is suggested that, although comparable performance deficits are found for minority and majority members, the underlying processes may be different. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Signs of crisis and recovery: Geographical imaginaries in press coverage of the financial crisis in the UK and German press 2008–2009

This article examines the role of models of capitalism in the media coverage surrounding the economic crisis in the period 2008–2009 in the UK and German press, during the outbreak of the crisis and the beginning of the ‘recovery’ from it. Models of capitalism are conceived of as ‘geographical imaginaries’, discursive entities by means of which nations mediate their economic fortunes vis-à-vis global capitalism. By drawing upon historical narratives and stereotypical attributions of national character, these models legitimize courses of political and economic action. A Critical Discourse Analysis of media texts is carried out in selected periods of the crisis in these two countries whose economic models have been held to be opposing ‘geographical adversaries’ in the history of neoliberalism. The article draws conclusions about the nature of ‘recovery’ from the point of view of such geographical imaginaries, and their importance in the continued dominance of neoliberalism.
Thermal load management: Experimental investigation of voltage variation effect on loads behavior

Load power and energy demand management is interesting for both end users and Distributed System Operators (DSOs). The electric power principle for linear loads gives less power consumption with lower supply voltage. Active power behavior has been analyzed in literature but often the load reactive power and energy absorption are not analyzed. Moreover, nowadays the development in power electronics is changing the load behavior significantly. This article provides experimental investigation and analysis on technologic electrical thermal loads with the purpose of understanding the electrical behavior of these loads from power and energy point of view by voltage variation. Dynamic Voltage Conditioner (DVC) has been used in order to provide different voltage levels at load terminals. The study will analyze the voltage variation effects on load active power, reactive power and energy consumption behavior.
The Plant Proteome Folding Project: Structure and Positive Selection in Plant Protein Families

Despite its importance, relatively little is known about the relationship between the structure, function, and evolution of proteins, particularly in land plant species. We have developed a database with predicted protein domains for five plant proteomes (http://pfp.bio.nyu.edu) and used both protein structural fold recognition and de novo Rosetta-based protein structure prediction to predict protein structure for Arabidopsis and rice proteins. Based on sequence similarity, we have identified ∼15,000 orthologous/paralogous protein family clusters among these species and used codon-based models to predict positive selection in protein evolution within 175 of these sequence clusters. Our results show that codons that display positive selection appear to be less frequent in helical and strand regions and are overrepresented in amino acid residues that are associated with a change in protein secondary structure. Like in other organisms, disordered protein regions also appear to have more selected sites. Structural information provides new functional insights into specific plant proteins and allows us to map positively selected amino acid sites onto protein structures and view these sites in a structural and functional context.