Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular Systems Biology Peer Review Process File Drugs That Reverse Disease Transcriptomic Signatures Are More Effective in a Mouse Model of Dyslipidemia Transaction Report

(Note: With the exception of the correction of typographical or spelling errors that could be a source of ambiguity, letters and reports are not edited. The original formatting of letters and referee reports may not be reflected in this compilation.) Thank you again for submitting your work to Molecular Systems Biology. We have now heard back from three referees who agreed to evaluate your manuscript. As you will see from the reports below, the referees find the topic of your study of potential interest. They raise, however, several issues on your work, which should be convincingly addressed in a revision of the study. The most important points are the following:-the quantification of treatment effects and side-effects should be more rigorous, in particular with regard to the interpretation of the data shown in Figure 2a&b (review #1 and more specifically, reviewer #2)-A comparison between your PCA-based method with the results obtained with a pathway-based method (reviewer #2, reviewer #3 refers specifically to GSEA) should be performed. -the potential limitation of the disease model should be clearly discussed (reviewer #3). -some of the choices made, eg with regard to the selection of drugs or the markers for side-effects, should be justified or complemented with more systematical approaches. If you feel you can satisfactorily deal with these points and those listed by the referees, you may wish to submit a revised version of your manuscript. Please attach a covering letter giving details of the way in which you have handled each of the points raised by the referees. A revised manuscript will be once again subject to review and you probably understand that we can give you no guarantee at this stage that the eventual outcome will be favorable.
‘Seeing is Believing’: The Effect of Viewing and Constructing a Composite on Identification Performance

This experiment investigated the effects of composite construction and viewing on later identification recognition accuracy. A total of 122 participants were exposed to a composite target for five seconds and then randomly assigned to one of three groups: control, view, or construction. Participants in the construction group were required to produce a composite of the original target. Participants in the view group were exposed to a composite created by another participant (a constructor). The control group completed a distractor task. After a delay, all participants returned to select the target from a lineup. Individual lineups were created for each participant. Lineups were constructed by blending the participant's construction with the target face to form a graded lineup of similar faces. The construction group performed significantly more poorly than the control group (51.22% vs. 23.26%) and target identifications were also lower for the view group compared to the control group (26.23% vs. 51.22%). This study showed similar results to those of previous work, indicating that composite construction decreases identification performance. Furthermore, mere exposure to a composite may also contaminate the memory trace for the original target.
The student experience of English-medium higher education in Hong Kong

Research conducted in the 1980s and 1990s pointed to a widening gap on Hong Kong university campuses between institutional language policy, which stipulated the use of English, and classroom practice, which often involved the use of Cantonese to explain and discuss English written materials. This article presents the findings of a multidimensional study which sought to uncover patterns of in-class and out-of-class language use at one officially English-medium institution between 2000 and 2010 and to identify the challenges that its mainly Cantonese-speaking undergraduates experience when listening to and speaking English for academic purposes. The findings were derived from two campus-wide questionnaire surveys and an interview-based longitudinal study of the student experience of English-medium higher education. The findings indicate that the gap between policy and practice has closed noticeably in the past decade in consequence of the increasing internationalisation of the student body and institutional initiatives to enforce the medium-of-instruction policy. While there is a closer, though not watertight, alignment between policy and practice in lectures and seminars, the evidence suggests that students have little need or desire to speak English outside the classroom, apart from situations in which international students or non-Cantonese-speaking students from mainland China are present.
Suicide from a Holistic Point of View

Suicide has been honoured and respected in the eastern culture, especially in Japan with the famous tradition of Hara-kiri, or seppuku, while in most western societies suicide has been seen negatively and many contemporary physicians tend to consider suicide the most self-destructive and evil thing a human being can do and something that should be avoided at all cost. Religions also have different viewpoints on suicide, but from a philosophical point of view we believe that considering the choice of life and dead to be extremely relevant for a good living. The choice of life and dead is real, since responsibility for life is necessary in order to live life and even the best physician cannot keep a patient alive, who deep inside wants to die. In this chapter, we present parts of a story of a young girl who had experienced child sexual abuse. In holistic existential therapy, it is our experience, when the patient is well supported in the confrontation of the fundamental questions related to assuming responsibility for the coherence, that this confrontation will almost always lead to a big YES to life. Without confronting the fundamental question of “to be or not to be”, life can never be chosen 100% and thus never be lived fully.
Cognitive radar - enabling techniques for next generation radar systems

Cognitive radar is a young discipline with the claim to open the door for next generation radar systems providing a higher efficiency, robust operation via intelligent choice of radar actions, and even a high degree of autonomy. The ideas behind are collected in the two most influential textbooks by Haykin [1] and Guerci [2]. Both contain also experimental results while there are not much papers else presenting real world experience. In this paper we summarize the general approach and discuss two examples for application of cognitive radar.
Antidepressants and the elderly: Double‐blind trials 1987‐1992

We reviewed all double‐blind antidepressant trials reported between 1987 and 1992 in samples of people aged 55 years or more with a primary diagnosis of major or clinical depression. There was an increase in the annual rate of trials conducted compared with the period from 1964 to 1986. About 27% of patients commencing trials withdrew prior to completion. Of those who completed, there was a general reduction of about 55% in scores on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. No differences in efficacy between drugs were found. Newer antidepressants, particularly selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, appeared to have fewer side‐effects, but methodological shortcomings limited interpretation of the results. Recommendations for future research are proposed.
Central somatosensory conduction after head injury

In 94 patients with head injuries, conduction between the lower brainstem and the cerebral cortex was studied by recording evoked potentials from the scalp and neck following stimulation of the median nerves. A conduction time 3 SD or more above the normal mean (5.74 ± 0.46 msec) or the absence of an evoked potential over one or both hemispheres was considered abnormal. During successive periods in the first 35 days after injury, the evoked potentials correlated with the outcome (classified as good or not good) in 75 to 84% of patients. Within 3 1/2 days the outcome was correctly predicted in 38 of 49 patients (78%). Six of the 7 surviving patients with persistent asymmetries of the cerebral evoked potentials remained hemiplegic. Serial studies over one year showed that both conduction time and amplitude recovered exponentially over many months, but differences persisted between the patients who made a good recovery and those who remained disabled.
of the Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society Title When to Hold and When to Fold : Detecting Structural Changes in Statistical Learning

Studies of statistical learning have documented a remarkable sensitivity to structural regularities in both infants and adults. However, most studies of statistical learning have assumed a single underlying causal structure with uniform variance. In previous work in which two structures are presented successively, a primacy effect has been reported in which only the first structure is acquired. The present study explores the conditions under which such primacy effects are observed and learners are capable of acquiring both structures. We argue that learners can detect multiple structures by monitoring the consistency of the input.
Content of major and traCe elements in raw ewes ’ milk used for produCtion of traditional white brined Cheese

The content of minerals (major and trace elements) in raw ewes’ milk produced in traditional way in different regions in Macedonia is the subject of this study. The households from where the milk samples were collected are exposed to different levels of anthropogenic pressure. The concentration of 1 elements (Ag, Al, As, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, P, Pb, Sr, and Zn) was analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) after performing microwave digestion. The analyses of ewes’ milk did not show any significant variation in the levels of major elements. The concentration of Ca, Mg, Na and P were in the range of 1131-20 0 mg.kg-1, 98.3-183 mg.kg-1, 223-400 mg.kg-1 and 569-1080 mg.kg-1, respectively. The levels of Ag, As, Cd, Co, Ni and Pb in all the analyzed milk samples were below the detection limit although some households were located in areas exposed to environmental contamination with heavy metals (Cd, Pb and Zn). The raw ewes’ milk contains Cu in the range of 0.66-1.4 mg.kg-1, Fe of 1.42-3.82 mg.kg-1, Mn of 0.04-0.16 mg.kg-1 and Zn of 2.90-6.2 mg.kg-1. The soil composition, the traditional utensils and containers used for milk storage correlated with higher concentration of trace elements (Al, Ba, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Sr, Zn) in some of the analyzed milk samples. The obtained results point out that ewes’ milk produced in households and used for manufacturing of traditional dairy products is safe for consumption. key words: mineral elements; trace elements; ewes’ milk *Correspondence: E-mail: levkovv@yahoo.com Vesna Levkov, Department of Nutrition and Food Procesing Institute of Animal Science, Boul. Ilinden 92a, Ss. Cyril and Methodius University 1000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Tel. : ++389 2 3065120 Received: November 29, 2016 Accepted: February 2, 20
Rhythms in Twitter

We have examined a Twitter data set, focusing on temporal patterns observed in users' tweets and in the conversations formed by interacting users -- rather than a network described by follows relations, or aggregate patterns. We have found the bursty behaviour predicted by Barabasi, but with complex patterns to the bursts. By using a clustering algorithm to group intervals between tweets, we have found that conversations show a different pattern of inter-tweet intervals to individuals, tending to: have a higher volume of quick replies, take shorter breaks, and that the timing is more variable.
Relationship between interleukin-6 plasma concentration in patients with sepsis, monocyte phenotype, monocyte phagocytic properties, and cytokine production.

Monocyte phenotype, their phagocytic capacity as well as the cytokine production from 10 patients with sepsis with low interleukin-6 (IL-6) serum concentrations (<1000 pg/mL) and 8 patients with sepsis with high IL-6 (> or = 1000 pg/mL) plasma concentrations were investigated within 24 hours of fulfilling the criteria for sepsis. Monocytes from patients with high IL-6 levels had higher levels of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR, HLA-ABC, CD64, and CD71, and the production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and IL-8, as well as the capacity of monocytes to phagocytose, was significantly elevated. Of 8 patients with high levels of plasma IL-6, 4 patients died. In contrast, all 10 patients with low plasma IL-6 concentrations survived until day 28. Patients who died had constant high IL-6 concentrations during the first 3 days, whereas IL-6 levels in patients who survived decreased by 88%. Our data indicate that IL-6 levels are a better prognostic parameter in the early phase of sepsis than the monocyte HLA-DR expression.
Cue-Elicited Craving in Heroin Addicts at Different Abstinent Time: An fMRI Pilot Study

Objective: We evaluated the effect of short-term and long-term heroin abstinence on brain responses to heroin-related cues using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Methods: Eighteen male heroin addicts following short-term abstinence and 19 male heroin addicts following long-term abstinence underwent fMRI scanning while viewing heroin-related and neutral images. Cue-elicited craving and withdrawal symptoms in the subjects were measured. Results: Following short-term abstinence, greater activation was found in response to heroin cues compared to neutral cues in bilateral temporal, occipital, posterior cingulate, anterior cingulate, thalamus, cerebellum, and left hippocampus. In contrast, activations in bilateral temporal and occipital and deactivations in bilateral frontal, bilateral parietal, left posterior cingulate, insula, thalamus, dorsal striatum, and bilateral cerebellum were observed following long-term abstinence. Direct comparisons between conditions showed greater brain reactivity in response to smoking cues following short-term abstinence. In addition, short-term abstinence had more serious withdrawal symptoms than the long-term. Conclusion: The present findings indicate that compared to short-term, long-term abstinence manifests less serious withdrawal symptoms and significantly decreases neural responses to heroin-related cues in brain regions subserving visual sensory processing, attention, memory, and action planning. These findings suggest that long-term abstinence can decrease the salience of conditioned cues, thereby reducing the risk of relapses. The study's limitations are noted.
How Do Children Respond to Verbal Irony in Face-to-Face Communication? The Development of Mode Adoption Across Middle Childhood

A number of studies have now examined the development of children's appreciation for verbal irony, typically by testing children's comprehension of the ironic speaker's belief and intent. This article examines a topic that has received much less attention: children's ability to produce irony in context-appropriate ways. The study presents 7- to 11-year-olds with brief stories that were each followed by an experimenter's literal or ironic remark. Of critical interest was whether children would show sensitivity to the convention of mode adoption by replying to irony with irony of their own. Results showed that children's overall rate of mode adoption was 8.67%. When ironic criticisms were presented (Experiment 1), irony was employed more frequently in the responses of older children than in the responses of younger children. When ironic compliments were presented (Experiment 2), no age effects were observed in children's ironic responses. Comprehension data show that the complimentary form of irony was more difficult for children to grasp.
“Commitment” distinguishes between rules and similarity: A developmental perspective

A qualitative difference between Rules and Similarity in categorization can be described in terms of “commitment”: Rules entail it, Similarity does not. Commitment derives from people's knowledge of a domain, and it is what justifies people's inferences, selective attention, and dismissal of irrelevant information. Studies show that when children have knowledge, they manifest these aspects of commitment, thus overcoming Similarity.
Safe handling of oral antineoplastic medications: Focus on targeted therapeutics in the home setting

Introduction With the growing number of oral targeted therapies being approved for use in cancer therapy, the potential for long-term administration of these drugs to cancer patients is expanding. The use of these drugs in the home setting has the potential to expose family members and caregivers to them either through direct contact with the drugs or indirectly by exposure to the parent compounds and/or their active metabolites in contaminated patients’ waste. Methods A systematic literature review was performed and the known adverse health effect of 32 oral targeted therapeutics is summarized. In particular, the carcinogenicity, genotoxicity, and embryo-fetal toxicity, along with the route of excretion were evaluated. Results Carcinogenicity testing has not been performed on most of the oral targeted therapeutics and the genotoxicity data are mixed. However, the majority of these drugs exhibit adverse reproductive effects, some of which are severe. Currently, available data does not permit the possibility of a health hazard from inappropriate handling of drugs and contaminated patients waste to be ignored, especially in a long-term home setting. Further research is needed to understand these issues. Conclusions With the expanding use of targeted therapies in the home setting, family members and caregivers, especially those of reproductive risk age, are, potentially at risk. Overall basic education and related precautions should be taken to protect family members and caregivers from indirect or direct exposure from these drugs. Further investigations and discussion on this subject are warranted.
A longitudinal examination of negative political advertising and advertisement attitudes: a North American example

This study examined the cognitive and affective components of advertisement attitudes towards positive and negative political advertising. Simulated advertisements for two US presidential campaigns conducted eight years apart were given to student samples at two state universities. The results indicated that, while overall attitudes had not changed, when examining sponsor‐positive advertisements and opponent‐negative advertisements separately the components of advertisement attitudes had changed over the eight‐year time span, particularly for female subjects.
The A / J Mouse Lung as a Model for Developing New Chemointervention Strategies

The use of the A/J mouse lung as a model for developing new chemointervention strategies was investigated by first inducing lung tumors with a single dose of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-l-(3-pyridyl)-l-butanone. Lungs were then staged for tumor development and intervention therapy was initiated 42 weeks after carcinogen treatment. At this time point, an average of 7 pulmonary lesions were present on a standard histological section and the relative frequency of lesions was distributed as alveolar hyperplasias (38%), adenomas (40%), and adenocarcinomas (22%). Mice were treated for 4 or 8 weeks with cis-platinum alone or in combination with either indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, metoclopramide, an inducer of poly(ADP) ribosylation, or nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker. The effect of indomethacin, metoclopramide, and nifedipine on tumor growth was also determined. The most dramatic effects were observed in lungs from mice treated for 8 weeks, cis.Platinum treatment caused a 37% reduction in the size of carcinomas, while tumor mass was reduced by 50 to 60% with cis-platinum in combination with metociopramide and/or indomethacin. The indusion of indomethacin therapy in conjunction with cis-plafinum significantly enhanced the effectiveness of cis-platinum for inhibiting the growth of adenocarcinomas. In contrast, nifedipine appeared to ameliorate any of the inhibitory growth effects seen with cis.platinum treatment. Although none of the therapeutic combinations affected the size of adenomas, morphological differences were observed among treatment groups. A moderate to marked decrease in cytoplasm was observed in adenomas from mice treated with cis-platinum in combination with indomethacin or metoelopramide, c/s-platinum plus metoclopramide and indomethacin, or metoclopramide pins indomethacin. Taken together, the results from these studies demonstrate that the A/J mouse lung can be used as a model to study the effectiveness of new intervention therapies for controlling malignant tumor growth. This model should also be applicable for studying the effectiveness of cancer prevention therapies on the progression of pulmonary hyperplasia.
Customer response to employee emotional labor: the structural relationship between emotional labor, job satisfaction, and customer satisfaction

Purpose – This study aims to extend emotional labor theories to the customer outcomes by examining a theoretical model of how emotional labor performed by the service worker affects customer satisfaction in a mediated way. Design/methodology/approach – Structural equation modeling analyses partially support for our hypotheses from 282 dyadic survey data [i.e. service interactions customers (seniors) and service employees (caregivers)] from a home caregiver firm in South Korea. Findings – The results of our study found that employee’s emotional regulation strategies of deep acting and surface acting differentially affect customer satisfaction, and that employee’s job satisfaction mediates the relationship between employee’s emotional regulation strategies and customer satisfaction. More specifically, the relationship between surface acting and customer satisfaction is fully mediated by employee’s job satisfaction, whereas the relationship between deep acting and customer satisfaction is partially mediated .
A common pattern of persistent gene activation in human neocortical epileptic foci

Epilepsy is a disease of recurrent seizures that can develop after a wide range of brain insults. Although surgical resection of focal regions of seizure onset can result in clinical improvement, the molecular mechanisms that produce and maintain focal hyperexcitability are not understood. Here, we demonstrate a regional, persistent induction of a common group of genes in human epileptic neocortex in 17 patients with neocortical epilepsy, regardless of the underlying pathology. This relatively small group of common genes, identified using complementary DNA microarrays and confirmed with quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunostaining, include the immediate early gene transcription factors EGR‐1, EGR‐2, and c‐fos, with roles in learning and memory, and signaling genes such as the dual‐specificity kinase/phosphatase MKP‐3. Maximal expression of these genes was observed in neurons in neocortical layers II through IV. These neurons also showed persistent cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB) activation and nuclear translocation of EGR‐2 and c‐fos proteins. In two patients, local interictal epileptiform discharge frequencies correlated precisely with the expression of these genes, suggesting that these genes either are directly modulated by the degree of epileptic activity or help sustain ongoing epileptic activity. The identification of a common set of genes and the persistent activation of CREB signaling in human epileptic foci provide a clinically relevant set of biological markers with potential importance for developing future diagnostic and therapeutic options in human epilepsy. Ann Neurol 2005;58;736–747