Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adding Physical Objects to an Interactive Game Improves Learning and Enjoyment

Can experimenting with three-dimensional (3D) physical objects in mixed-reality environments produce better learning and enjoyment than flat-screen two-dimensional (2D) interaction? We explored this question with EarthShake: a mixed-reality game bridging physical and virtual worlds via depth-camera sensing, designed to help children learn basic physics principles. In this paper, we report on a controlled experiment with 67 children, 4--8 years old, that examines the effect of observing physical phenomena and collaboration (pairs vs. solo). A follow-up experiment with 92 children tests whether adding simple physical control, such as shaking a tablet, improves learning and enjoyment. Our results indicate that observing physical phenomena in the context of a mixed-reality game leads to significantly more learning and enjoyment compared to screen-only versions. However, there were no significant effects of adding simple physical control or having students play in pairs vs. alone. These results and our gesture analysis provide evidence that children's science learning can be enhanced through experiencing physical phenomena in a mixed-reality environment.
EEG-Based Emotion Recognition Using Deep Learning Network with Principal Component Based Covariate Shift Adaptation

Automatic emotion recognition is one of the most challenging tasks. To detect emotion from nonstationary EEG signals, a sophisticated learning algorithm that can represent high-level abstraction is required. This study proposes the utilization of a deep learning network (DLN) to discover unknown feature correlation between input signals that is crucial for the learning task. The DLN is implemented with a stacked autoencoder (SAE) using hierarchical feature learning approach. Input features of the network are power spectral densities of 32-channel EEG signals from 32 subjects. To alleviate overfitting problem, principal component analysis (PCA) is applied to extract the most important components of initial input features. Furthermore, covariate shift adaptation of the principal components is implemented to minimize the nonstationary effect of EEG signals. Experimental results show that the DLN is capable of classifying three different levels of valence and arousal with accuracy of 49.52% and 46.03%, respectively. Principal component based covariate shift adaptation enhances the respective classification accuracy by 5.55% and 6.53%. Moreover, DLN provides better performance compared to SVM and naive Bayes classifiers.
Design, Implementation, and Evaluation of GIS-Based Learning Materials in an Introductory Geoscience Course

Learning with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) rather than about GIS has great potential for improving students' skills in problem solving, analysis, and spatial visualization. However, little is known about how well GIS-based learning lives up to this potential. Using classroom observations, student interviews and surveys, pre-and posttests of knowledge, and measures of spatial skills, we have begun to quantify student learning that occurred with a GIS-based module on plate tectonics and geologic hazards. We also investigated factors in the design and implementation of the materials that impacted student learning. Classroom observations were key to improving the materials so that students in an introductory geoscience course can successfully complete the activities with minimal instruction in GIS. Through field-testing, we improved the materials design to address student difficulties with learning to use a GIS, identifying basic geographic locations and features, and interpreting topography and other two- or three- dimensional representations. In a quantitative measure of knowledge, using pretests and posttests, mean scores improved 17% (p<.001). We also found positive correlations between students' spatial ability and performance on both the posttest and a regular course exam that covered the material in the GIS activity. We are continuing this investigation in Fall 2001 to measure changes in spatial ability due to use of GIS-based materials.
Performing Under Uncertainty: Contextualized Engagement in Wildland Firefighting

In this paper, we propose that performance under uncertainty and ambiguity is enabled by a two‐pronged set of practices enacted by leaders and frontline workers. These contextualized practices fuel performance by enabling teams and organizations to both discern, interpret and make sense of important discrepancies as situations unfold (what we refer to as anomalizing), and to develop a richer understanding of a situation (what we call proactive leader sensemaking). Together, these situation‐specific practices contextualize engagement and promote capabilities to contingently tailor actions to unfolding conditions. We test our hypotheses using data gathered from a sample of wildland firefighters and find strong support for our theorizing. We also identify a set of additional group and situational conditions that provide a more nuanced understanding of factors that contribute to reliable performance under dynamic uncertainty. Together, the findings provide quantitative evidence for the micro‐foundations of effective performance in uncertain contexts.
How Outcome Information Affects Ethical Attitudes and Intentions to Behave

The purpose of this experiment is to examine how outcome information affects individual ethical attitudes and intentions to behave. In the present study, a scenario manager employs revenue manipulation by prematurely forcing a product through distribution channels. This investigation employs a 1 × 3 between-subjects and randomized experimental design where the scenario manager's unethical behavior is associated with three behavior-based organizational outcomes: favorable, moderately unfavorable, and unfavorable. We model individual ethical reasoning using the expanded Theory of Reasoned Action. Our findings suggest that the theory provides an appropriate and parsimonious fit for modeling individual ethical reasoning in the channel stuffing context. Specifically, we also find that as organizational outcomes of the scenario manager's coercive behavior shift from unfavorable to favorable, participants judge unethical behavior less harshly, a concerning finding for regulators and policymakers. These findings have significant implications for new revenue recognition standards, such as IFRS 15 and ASC 606. Data Availability: Data available upon request. Please contact the authors.
Association of changes in oxidative and proinflammatory states with changes in vascular function after a lifestyle modification trial among obese children.

BACKGROUND The association of changes in oxidative and proinflammatory states with vascular function after diet and exercise intervention among obese children has not been previously explored. METHODS In this 6-week diet and exercise intervention study in 35 obese children, age 12 to 18 years, we evaluated the relationship between changes in anthropometric indices, measures of insulin resistance, C-reactive protein (CRP), oxidized LDL (ox-LDL), and oxidative stress markers with changes in carotid intima-media thickness (C-IMT) and flow mediated dilation (FMD) of the brachial artery. RESULTS At the end of the study, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and percentage body fat were decreased (P <0.05), but participants remained overweight (BMI > or = 95th percentile). Although FMD improved (P <0.05), the improvement in C-IMT did not reach statistical significance. The changes in BMI, waist circumference, fat mass, ox-LDL, malondialdehyde (MDA), CRP, insulin, and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) had an inverse correlation with the changes in mean FMD after adjustment for age and sex, with the highest correlations documented for ox-LDL, CRP, and WC. The age- and sex-adjusted changes in ox-LDL, waist circumference, CRP, MDA, and body fat mass had the highest correlations with changes in C-IMT. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that a common inflammatory stress condition associated with childhood obesity, notably with abdominal fat deposition, may play a role in the development of the earliest stages of proatherosclerotic inflammatory processes and subsequent vascular dysfunction. These changes might be partially reversible by short-term diet and exercise intervention, even if patients do not reach ideal body weight.
Detection of Software Failures through Event Logs: An Experimental Study

Software faults are recognized to be among the main responsible for system failures in many application domains. Event logs play a key role to support the analysis of failures occurring under real workload conditions. Nevertheless, field experience suggests that event logs may be inaccurate at reporting software failures or they fail to provide accurate support for understanding their causes. This paper analyzes the factors that determine accurate detection of software failures through event logs. The study is based on a data set of 17,387 experiments where failures have been induced by means of software fault injection into three systems. Analysis reveals that the reporting ability of logs collected during the experiments, is not influenced by the type of fault that is activated at runtime. More importantly, analysis demonstrates that, despite the considered systems adopt very similar detection mechanisms, the ability of logs at reporting a given type of failure changes significantly across the systems. A closer inspection of collected logs reveals that characteristics, such as system architecture, placement of the logging instructions and specific supports provided by the execution environment, significantly increase accuracy of logs at runtime.
Imaging characteristics of disseminated Geosmithia argillacea causing severe diskospondylitis and meningoencephalomyelitis in a dog

A 4‐year‐old male castrated Labrador Retriever presented for severe spinal pain. Radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging showed evidence of diskospondylitis and meningoencephalomyelitis. Blood culture revealed a Geosmithia argillacea fungal infection after DNA sequencing, initially misdiagnosed as Penicillium species. Geosmithia argillacea should be considered as a differential for disseminated fungal diskospondylitis.
Synthesis and revision of groups within the Newark Supergroup , eastern North America

The Newark Supergroup currently includes nine stratigraphic groups, each of which applies to part or all of the rock column of only one or a few basins. Because the group nomenclature within the Newark Supergroup is neither inclusive nor parallel in its concepts, nearly half of the strata within the Newark Su-pergroup lacks any group placement. A new system is proposed herein that (1) establishes unambiguous group boundaries, (2) places all Newark Supergroup strata into groups, (3) reduces the number of group names from nine to three, (4) creates parallelism between groups and three major successive tectonic events that created the rift basins containing the Newark Supergroup, and (5) coincidentally provides isochronous or nearly isochronous group boundaries. These proposed groups are (1) the Chatham Group (Middle Triassic to basal Lower Jurassic sedimentary rocks), (2) the Meriden Group (Lower Jurassic extrusive volcanic and sedimentary rocks), and (3) the Aga-wam Group (new name) (Lower Jurassic sedi-mentary rocks above all early Mesozoic igneous intrusive and extrusive rocks). This new rock classification system makes use of the fact that a discrete interval of synchronous or nearly synchronous volcanism and plutonism occurred throughout the early Mesozoic rift system of eastern North Amer-ica. The presence or absence of volcanic rocks provides a powerful stratigraphic tool for establishing regional groups and group boundaries. The presence of sedimentary rocks injected by diabase dikes and sills, in the absence of extrusive volcanic rocks, places Newark Su-pergroup rocks in the Chatham Group. The presence of extrusive volcanic rocks, interbed-ded with sedimentary rocks injected by dia-base dikes and sills, places Newark Super-group rocks in the Meriden Group. The presence of sedimentary rocks lacking both ex-trusive volcanic rocks and diabase dikes and sills, places Newark Supergroup rocks in the Agawam Group. Application of this new regional group stratigraphy to the early Meso-zoic rift basins requires revision of the stratig-raphy of several basins to make formation boundaries match group boundaries.
Laboratory animals and respiratory allergies: The prevalence of allergies among laboratory animal workers and the need for prophylaxis

OBJECTIVE: Subjects exposed to laboratory animals are at a heightened risk of developing respiratory and allergic diseases. These diseases can be prevented by simple measures such as the use of personal protective equipment. We report here the primary findings of the Laboratory Animals and Respiratory Allergies Study regarding the prevalence of allergic diseases among laboratory animal workers, the routine use of preventive measures in laboratories and animal facilities, and the need for prevention programs. METHODS: Animal handlers and non-animal handlers from 2 Brazilian universities (University of São Paulo and State University of Campinas) answered specific questionnaires to assess work conditions and symptoms. These subjects also underwent spirometry, a bronchial challenge test with mannitol, and skin prick tests for 11 common allergens and 5 occupational allergens (rat, mouse, guinea pig, hamster, and rabbit). RESULTS: Four hundred fifty-five animal handlers (32±10 years old [mean±SD], 209 men) and 387 non-animal handlers (33±11 years old, 121 men) were evaluated. Sensitization to occupational allergens was higher among animal handlers (16%) than non-animal handlers (3%, p<0.01). Accessibility to personal protective equipment was measured at 85% (median, considering 73 workplaces of the animal handler group). Nineteen percent of the animal handlers indicated that they wear a respirator at all times while handling animals or working in the animal room, and only 25% of the animal handlers had received an orientation about animal-induced allergies, asthma, or rhinitis. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, our data indicate that preventive programs are necessary. We suggest providing individual advice to workers associated with institutional programs to promote a safer work environment.
Optimal agglomeration and regional policy

This paper studies the social desirability of agglomeration and the efficiency arguments for regional policy in a simple, analytically solvable Â‘new economic geographyÂ’ model with two trade integrating regions. The location pattern emerging as market equilibrium is ? -shaped, featuring dispersion of firms both at high and low trade costs and stable equilibria with partial agglomeration of firms in addition to core periphery equilibria for intermediate levels of trade costs. Our central finding is that the market equilibrium is characterised by over-agglomeration for high trade costs and under-agglomeration for low trade costs. For an intermediate level of trade costs, the market equilibrium yields the socially optimal degree of agglomeration. An important implication of this result is that, on efficiency grounds, regional policy should foster the dispersion of firms for a range of high trade costs only, but agglomeration for a range of low trade costs. Hence, regional policies, such as those pursued by the European Union (which are aimed at fostering dispersion in general), is counterproductive when trade integration is deep enough JEL-Classification: F12, F15, F22, R12, R50 Keywords: economic geography, regional policy, optimal agglomeration, welfare
Martian dunite NWA 2737: Integrated spectroscopic analyses of brown olivine

Received 5 October 2007; revised 13 December 2007; accepted 6 March 2008; published 18 June 2008. [1] A second Martian meteorite has been identified that is composed primarily of heavily shocked dunite, Northwest Africa (NWA) 2737. This meteorite has several similarities to the Chassigny dunite cumulate, but the olivine is more Mg rich and, most notably, is very dark and visually brown. Carefully coordinated analyses of NWA 2737 whole-rock and olivine separates were undertaken using visible and near-infrared reflectance,
A Phenomenological Study of the Lived Experiences of Hispanic Females in Advanced Placement Courses in Southern California High Schools

This transcendental phenomenological study examined the lived experiences of Southern California, Hispanic female high school graduates who were enrolled in AP courses while in high school. The life experiences for Hispanic women have been largely ignored by the literature, with much of the research on Hispanics primarily focused on the achievement gap, dropout rates, or giftedness. Although they may excel academically, many high-achieving Hispanic women do not reach their full potential. Often high-achieving Hispanic females find it difficult to reconcile the discrepancy between the culture, familial expectations and roles, and their own personal ambitions. The following four research questions framed this study: “How do Hispanic female graduates from Southern California high schools describe their experiences in AP classes? , How do participants describe the role their family culture, cultural heritage, and American culture has in their academic experiences? , What relationship do participants describe between their gender and their academic experiences? , and How do participants describe the intersection of class, gender and culture as impacting their academic experiences? A Chicana feminist lens and Bandura’s social learning theory were used to examine the findings. Findings of this study showed three themes: high-achieving Hispanic women in high school AP classes experienced a bi-cultural conflict between Hispanic culture and American culture, the familismo, and the environment of the AP courses themselves played a significant role in their academic success.
Estimating abundance of spatially aggregated populations: comparing adaptive sampling with other survey designs

The main goal in estimating population abundance is to maximize its accuracy and precision. This is difficult when the survey area is large and resources are limited. We implemented a feasible adaptive sampling survey applied to an aggregated population in a marine environment and compared its performance with five classical survey designs. Specifically, larval walleye pollock (Theragra chalcogramma) in the Gulf of Alaska was used as an example of a widespread aggregated population. The six sampling designs included (i) adaptive cluster, (ii) simple random, (iii) systematic, (iv) systematic cluster, (v) stratified systematic, and (vi) unequal probability. Of the five different adaptive estimators used for the adaptive cluster design, the modified Hansen–Hurwitz performed best overall. Of the six survey designs, the stratified systematic survey provided the best overall estimator, given there was accurate prior information on which to base the strata. If no prior information was available, a systematic sur.
Update on abundance of Gulf of Maine/Bay of Fundy harbor porpoises

The Northeast Fisheries Science Center Reference Document (CRD) series comprises informal reports produced by the Center for timely transmission of results obtained through work at various Center laboratories. The reports are reviewed internally before publication, but are not considered formal literature. The National Marine Fisheries Service does not endorse any proprietary material, process, or product mentioned in these reports. To obtain additional copies of this report, ABSTRACT Abundance of harbor porpoises in the Gulf of Maine/Bay of Fundy during summer 1995 w as est imat ed using t echniques developed f or t he 1991 and 1992 abundance est imat es. Line t ransect sight ing survey met hods w ere used so t hat t he probabilit y of det ect ing an animal on t he t rack line, g(0), w as included in t he abundance est imat e. respect ively. All of t hese annual abundance est imat es may be negat ively biased due t o several factors including ship avoidance and environmental conditions. The magnitude of these biases are not know n.
Color lines: image specific color representation

The problem of deciding whether two pixels in an image have the same real world color is a fundamental problem in computer vision. Many color spaces are used in different applications for discriminating color from intensity to create an informative representation of color. The major drawback of all of these representations is that they assume no color distortion. In practice the colors of real world images are distorted both in the scene itself and in the image capturing process. In this work we introduce color lines, an image specific color representation that is robust to color distortion and provides a compact and useful representation of the colors in a scene.
Balanced Averaging of Bilinear Systems with Applications to Stochastic Control

We study balanced model reduction for stable bilinear systems in the limit of partly vanishing Hankel singular values. We show that the dynamics admit a splitting into fast and slow subspaces and prove an averaging principle for the slow dynamics. We illustrate our method with an example from stochastic control (density evolution of a dragged Brownian particle) and discuss issues of structure preservation and positivity.
Watching the cars go round and round: designing for active spectating

Spectating at sport events is a common and popular leisure activity worldwide. Recently spectating has also become a topic of interest to CHI, particularly the design of technology for both performers and audiences. In this paper we describe an in-depth study of spectating, drawn from fieldwork of outdoor car rallies in the UK and Sweden. We describe three findings with relevance to design: the viewing paradox of spectating, active spectating and the role of sociability. We describe the MySplitTime prototype which address these issues while retaining the active sociable nature of the spectating experience.
Erasmus MC at CLEF eHealth 2016: Concept Recognition and Coding in French Texts

textabstractWe participated in task 2 of the CLEF eHealth 2016 chal-lenge. Two subtasks were addressed: entity recognition and normalization in a corpus of French drug labels and Medline titles, and ICD-10 coding of French death certificates. For both subtasks we used a dictionary-based approach. For entity recognition and normalization, we used Peregrine, our open-source indexing engine, with a dictionary based on French terms in the Unified Medical Language System (UMLS) supplemented with English UMLS terms that were translated into French with automatic translators. For ICD-10 coding, we used the Solr text tagger, together with one of two ICD-10 terminologies derived from the task training ma-terial. To reduce the number of false-positive detections, we implemented several post-processing steps. On the challenge test set, our best system obtained F-scores of 0.702 and 0.651 for entity recognition in the drug labels and in the Medline titles, respectively. For entity normalization, F-scores were 0.529 and 0.474. On the test set for ICD-10 coding, our system achieved an F-score of 0.848 (precision 0.886, recall 0.813). These scores were substantially higher than the average score of the systems that participated in the challenge.