Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Biomechanical Properties of Patellar and Hamstring Graft Tibial Fixation Techniques in Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction

Background Reliable fixation of the soft hamstring grafts in ACL reconstruction has been reported as problematic. Hypothesis The biomechanical properties of patellar tendon (PT) grafts fixed with biodegradable screws (PTBS) are superior compared to quadrupled hamstring grafts fixed with BioScrew (HBS) or Suture-Disc fixation (HSD). Study Design Controlled laboratory study with roentgen stereometric analysis (RSA). Methods Ten porcine specimens were prepared for each group. In the PT group, the bone plugs were fixed with a 7 · 25 mm BioScrew. In the hamstring group, four-stranded tendon grafts were anchored within a tibial tunnel of 8 mm diameter either with a 7 · 25 mm BioScrew or eight polyester sutures knotted over a Suture-Disc. The grafts were loaded stepwise, and micromotion of the graft inside the tibial tunnel was measured with RSA. Results Hamstring grafts failed at lower loads (HBS: 536 N, HSD 445 N) than the PTBS grafts (658 N). Stiffness in the PTBS group was much greater compared to the hamstring groups (3500 N/mm versus HBS = 517 N/mm and HSD = 111 N/mm). Irreversible graft motion after graft loading with 200 N was measured at 0.03 mm (PTBS), 0.38mm (HBS), and 1.85mm (HSD). Elasticity for the HSD fixation was measured at 0.67 mm at 100 N and 1.32 mm at 200 N load. Conclusion Hamstring graft fixation with BioScrew and Suture-Disc displayed less stiffness and early graft motion compared to PTBS fixation. Screw fixation of tendon grafts is superior to Suture-Disc fixation with linkage material since it offers greater stiffness and less graft motion inside the tibial tunnel. Clinical Relevance Our results revealed graft motion for hamstring fixation with screw or linkage material at loads that occur during rehabilitation. This, in turn, may lead to graft laxity.
Creating Small Learning Communities: Lessons From the Project on High-Performing Learning Communities About “What Works” in Creating Productive, Developmentally Enhancing, Learning Contexts

Personalizing the school environment is a central goal of efforts to transform America's schools. Three decades of work by the Project on High Performance Learning Communities are considered that demonstrate the potential impact and importance of the creation of “small learning environments” on student motivation, adjustment, and well-being. Findings about how to effectively create such small learning environments in middle and secondary school are presented. Of particular focus are the ways in which ecological changes that create smaller schools within large ones, teacher and student teams, and other personalization strategies may engage diverse, socially, and economically disadvantaged students, in middle and high schools, to improve academic performance, reduce dropout rates, enhance developmental outcomes, and close equity gaps.
Identification of Immunogenic Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte Epitopes Containing Drug Resistance Mutations in Antiretroviral Treatment-Naïve HIV-Infected Individuals

Background Therapeutic HIV vaccines may prove helpful to intensify antiretroviral treatment (ART) efficacy and may be an integral part of future cure strategies. Methods We examined IFN-gamma ELISpot responses to a panel of 218 HIV clade B consensus-based HIV protease-reverse transcriptase peptides, designed to mimic previously described and predicted cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitopes overlapping drug resistance (DR) positions, that either included the consensus sequence or the DR variant sequence, in 49 ART-naïve HIV-infected individuals. Next generation sequencing was used to assess the presence of minority DR variants in circulating viral populations. Results Although a wide spectrum of differential magnitudes of response to DR vs. WT peptide pairs was observed, responses to DR peptides were frequent and strong in the study cohort. No difference between the median magnitudes of response to DR vs. WT peptides was observed. Interestingly, of the 22 peptides that were recognized by >15% of the participants, two-thirds (64%) corresponded to DR peptides. When analysing responses per peptide pair per individual, responses to only WT (median 4 pairs/individual) or DR (median 6 pairs/individual) were more common than responses to both WT and DR (median 2 pairs/individual; p<0.001). While the presence of ELISpot responses to WT peptides was frequently associated with the presence of the corresponding peptide sequence in the patient’s virus (mean 68% of cases), responses to DR peptides were generally not associated with the presence of DR mutations in the viral population, even at low frequencies (mean 1.4% of cases; p = 0.0002). Conclusions Our data suggests that DR peptides are frequently immunogenic and raises the potential benefit of broadening the antigens included in a therapeutic vaccine approach to immunogenic epitopes containing common DR sequences. Further studies are needed to assess the quality of responses elicited by DR peptides.
A cross-contextual analysis of boys' social competence: From family to school.

This study examined the extent to which the hostile attributions and coercive behaviors of mothers and sons were associated with indexes of aggression, acceptance by peers, and teacher-rated social competence in the peer group. Ss were 104 married and divorced mothers and their sons (7 to 9 years old). Mothers' and sons' hostile attributions were significantly related to the coerciveness of their interactions, but only mothers' attributions related to reports of the children's aggression in the classroom. Boys who reported many stressful events in their lives behaved coercively with their mothers and were viewed as more aggressive and less socially competent with peers. The relation between stressful life events and the boys' aggression with their peers was mediated, in part, by boys' coerciveness with their mothers. The association between boys' coerciveness with their mothers and social acceptance by peers appeared to be mediated by the aggressiveness of their interactions with their peers. Because poor peer relations appear to place children at risk for later adjustment problems in adolescence and adulthood (Kupersmidt, Coie, & Dodge, 1990; Parker & Asher, 1987), researchers have made numerous efforts to understand the correlates of peer rejection (Berndt & Ladd, 1989; Coie & Dodge, 1988; Dodge, 1983), and many have demonstrated associations between children's aggressive behavior and rejection by peers (Coie & Kupersmidt, 1983; Dodge, 1983). Although there is evidence that children, especially boys, who engage in coercive interactions with their mothers are more likely to exhibit aggressive, antisocial behavior in other contexts (Elder, Liker, & Cross, 1984), researchers have only recently sought to understand the mechanisms by which children's experiences within the family affect children's behavior and social standing with peers (Dishion, 1990; Parke, 1990; Parke, MacDonald, Beitel, & Bhavnagri, 1988; Pettit, Dodge, & Brown, 1988; Putallaz, 1987; Strassberg, Dodge, Bates, & Pettit, 1992). In part, this reflects a broader tendency to ignore the interdependencies among experiences in different settings, particularly family and
A Theory of Problematic Internet Use and Psychosocial Well-Being

The model introduced and tested in the current study suggests that lonely and depressed individuals may develop a preference for online social interaction, which, in turn, leads to negative outcomes associated with their Internet use. Participants completed measures of preference for online social interaction, depression, loneliness, problematic Internet use, and negative outcomes resulting from their Internet use.Results indicated that psychosocial health predicted levels of preference for online social interaction, which, in turn, predicted negative outcomes associated with problematic Internet use.In addition, the results indicated that the influence of psychosocial distress on negative outcomes due to Internet use is mediated by preference for online socialization and other symptoms of problematic Internet use.The results support the current hypothesis that that individuals’ preference for online, rather than face-to-face, social interaction plays an important role in the development of negative consequences associated with problematic Internet use.
Education in A Gender Equality Perspective

The terms “equality” . “equal,” and “equally” signify a qualitative relationship. „Equality‟ (or „equal‟) signifies correspondence between groups of different objects, persons, processes or circumstances that have the same qualities in at least one respect, but not all respects, i.e., regarding one specific feature, with differences in other features . „Equality‟ denotes the relation between the objects that are compared. (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, 2007). Gender equality, therefore, denotes the relationship of correspondence between men and women. It implies that, in spite of differences, men and women are similar in many aspects. They have not same but similar needs, aspirations, feelings, interests etc. and therefore should have equal rights and opportunities to develop their abilities and make choices. As far as Gender Equality is concerned, most important stakeholders in Education are students and parents and their educational needs in this regard are different, so specially designed programmes are required for a boy, a girl, a mother and a father. In this paper the investigator has analyzed the present Educational provisions in India and accordingly suggested needspecific components of Gender Equality Education.
Participatory community singing program to enhance quality of life and social and emotional well-being in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians with chronic diseases

Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a 12-month community singing program on quality of life (QoL) using survey methods. Methods: We prospectively collected data on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with chronic diseases involved in a participatory community singing program. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with a chronic disease and an average age of 51 years (range, 18–85 years) self-selected to participate in the singing group (n=45), which included a weekly singing rehearsal and a monthly performance. There were 27 people in the control group. We compared the intervention and control groups by evaluating the QoL, social and emotional well-being, health behaviors, social isolation, and loneliness at a baseline and at 12 months. Results: At 12 months, those who participated in the singing program showed a significant increase in QoL, reduced stress, and a significant reduction in social isolation and loneliness compared with patients in the control group. Conclusions: The community singing program may enhance social and emotional well-being and QoL in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with chronic diseases, and the singing program is a viable health promotion intervention program for this population.
Do advertising and promotions for online gambling increase gambling consumption? An exploratory study

It remains unclear if gambling advertising and promotion increase demand for, and consumption of, gambling, or only affect market share distributions without increasing total consumption. Although this has been investigated in relation to land-based gambling, studies have not examined how such marketing influences behavioural patterns of Internet gamblers. The aim of this study, therefore, was to explore ways in which advertising and promotion of Internet gambling may contribute to increased consumption of gambling. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 50 Internet gamblers drawn from the general population, and 31 treatment-seeking Internet gamblers. In-depth analysis of interview transcripts revealed limited reported effectiveness of advertising and promotions in converting non-gamblers to Internet gamblers. However, general population gamblers reported occasionally gambling more than intended (increased consumption) in response to free bet and deposit offers. A proportion of treatment-seekers reported increased gambling, particularly associated with bonus offers that required matched deposits and gambling before any winnings could be collected. Advertisements and promotions invoked urges to gamble among treatment-seeking gamblers, and appeared to some participants to be designed to target individuals who had taken steps to limit or cease gambling. Findings provide preliminary evidence of Internet gambling promotional activities increasing overall consumption amongst a subgroup of gamblers.
Multiple Drug Treatments That Increase cAMP Signaling Restore Long-Term Memory and Aberrant Signaling in Fragile X Syndrome Models

Fragile X is the most common monogenic disorder associated with intellectual disability (ID) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Additionally, many patients are afflicted with executive dysfunction, ADHD, seizure disorder and sleep disturbances. Fragile X is caused by loss of FMRP expression, which is encoded by the FMR1 gene. Both the fly and mouse models of fragile X are also based on having no functional protein expression of their respective FMR1 homologs. The fly model displays well defined cognitive impairments and structural brain defects and the mouse model, although having subtle behavioral defects, has robust electrophysiological phenotypes and provides a tool to do extensive biochemical analysis of select brain regions. Decreased cAMP signaling has been observed in samples from the fly and mouse models of fragile X as well as in samples derived from human patients. Indeed, we have previously demonstrated that strategies that increase cAMP signaling can rescue short term memory in the fly model and restore DHPG induced mGluR mediated long term depression (LTD) in the hippocampus to proper levels in the mouse model (McBride et al., 2005; Choi et al., 2011, 2015). Here, we demonstrate that the same three strategies used previously with the potential to be used clinically, lithium treatment, PDE-4 inhibitor treatment or mGluR antagonist treatment can rescue long term memory in the fly model and alter the cAMP signaling pathway in the hippocampus of the mouse model.
LexIt: A Computational Resource on Italian Argument Structure

The aim of this paper is to introduce LexIt, a computational framework for the automatic acquisition and exploration of distributional information about Italian verbs, nouns and adjectives, freely available through a web interface at the address http://sesia.humnet. unipi.it/lexit. LexIt is the first large-scale resource for Italian in which subcategorization and semantic selection properties are characterized fully on distributional ground: in the paper we describe both the process of data extraction and the evaluation of the subcategorization frames extracted with LexIt.
Learning and Heterogeneity in GDP and Inflation Forecasts

We estimate a Bayesian learning model with heterogeneity aimed at explaining the evolution of expert disagreement in forecasting real GDP growth and inflation over 24 monthly horizons for G7 countries during 1990-2007. Professional forecasters are found to begin and have relatively more success in predicting inflation than real GDP at significantly longer horizons; forecasts for real GDP contain little information beyond 6 quarters, but forecasts for inflation have predictive value beyond 24 months and even 36 months for some countries. Forecast disagreement arises from two primary sources in our model: differences in the initial prior beliefs of experts, and differences in the interpretation of new public information. Estimated model parameters, together with two separate case studies on (i) the dynamics of forecast disagreement in the aftermath of the 9/11 terrorist attack in the U.S. and (ii) the successful inflation targeting experience in Italy after 1997, firmly establish the importance of these two pathways to expert disagreement.
Teacher leadership and collective efficacy: teacher perceptions in three US school districts

Purpose – Collective efficacy and teacher leadership, two constructs central to school reform, were examined in this quantitative study of three school districts. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between teacher perceptions of the extent of teacher leadership and the extent of collective efficacy. Research was guided by the following questions: Do teachers who perceive a strong sense of collective efficacy also perceive a greater extent of teacher leadership in their schools? Are there differences in perceptions of collective efficacy and the factors of teacher leadership, specifically, sharing expertise, shared leadership, supra-practitioner, and principal selection? Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected utilizing two instruments, the Teacher Leadership Inventory (TLI) (Angelle and DeHart, 2010) and the Teacher Efficacy Belief Scale – Collective Form (Olivier, 2001). Descriptive statistics and ANOVA were run to examine mean differences by district in teacher collective.
Facilitating reflective practice groups in clinical psychology training: a phenomenological study

Reflective practice groups appear to play a valuable role in the development of reflective skills during clinical psychology training, but have the potential to cause distress. This study aimed to build on previous research by exploring group facilitators’ perspectives, with a focus on how they made sense of (1) trainees’ distress, (2) the relationship between distress and outcome, and (3) their facilitation role. A qualitative, phenomenological approach was taken whereby seven reflective practice group facilitators were interviewed regarding their experience of facilitation, using a semi-structured interview schedule. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Three master themes emerged: conceptualising the meaning and value of trainee distress/difficulty; complexity and challenge of the group boundaries; and experience of the facilitator’s role. Trainees’ commitment to engaging with distress was perceived as significant to emotional learning, and supervision was important for facilitators to feel contained in their role. Distress during such groups may play an important part in the learning process for many trainees but need skilled facilitation in order to create a safe learning environment. It seems that such groups are not a helpful means of PPD for all trainees and so offering alternative modes may be appropriate.
Black Women’s Leadership Experiences: Examining the Intersectionality of Race and Gender

In this article, the experiences of Black women educational leaders are highlighted to examine the intersection of race and gender in their leadership experiences and tease out approaches to gender inclusiveness to disrupt the isms (racism, sexism, etc.) in the construction of their leadership. The participants’ transcendence of racial and gender stereotypes became the impetus for developing a leadership style that is inclusive, builds consensus, and is collaborative. This issue is important given the increasing demographic changes in society in which more opportunities for Black women to ascend to leadership roles in professional organizations (e.g., business, higher education, and government) become prevalent.
Effects of Genetic Variation in the Human Retinol Binding Protein-4 Gene (RBP4) on Insulin Resistance and Fat Depot–Specific mRNA Expression

OBJECTIVE— Serum retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) is a new liver- and adipocyte-derived signal that may contribute to insulin resistance. Therefore, the RBP4 gene represents a plausible candidate gene involved in susceptibility to type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS— In this study, the RBP4 gene was sequenced in DNA samples from 48 nonrelated Caucasian subjects. Five novel and three known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. Furthermore, five recently reported SNPs were genotyped in 90 subjects. Six SNPs, representative of their linkage disequilibrium groups, were then genotyped in 934 diabetic and 716 nondiabetic subjects. RESULTS— A haplotype of six common SNPs (A-G-G-T-G-C) was significantly increased in 934 case subjects with type 2 diabetes compared with 537 healthy control subjects with normal glucose tolerance (P = 0.02; odds ratio 1.37 [95% CI 1.05–1.79]). Furthermore, in the cohort of 716 nondiabetic Caucasian subjects, carriers of the A-G-G-T-G-C haplotype had significantly higher mean fasting plasma insulin and 2-h plasma glucose than subjects without the haplotype. Two single SNPs (rs10882283 and rs10882273) were also associated with BMI, waist-to-hip ratio, and fasting plasma insulin, and several SNPs were associated with circulating free fatty acids (all adjusted P < 0.05). In addition, subjects carrying a previously reported diabetes-associated haplotype had significantly higher mRNA levels in visceral adipose tissue (adjusted P < 0.05) in a subgroup of nondiabetic subjects (n = 170) with measurements of RBP4 mRNA expression in visceral and subcutaneous fat depots. CONCLUSIONS— Our data indicate a role of RBP4 genetic variation in susceptibility to type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance, possibly through an effect on RBP4 expression.
The Link between Star Formation and Accretion in LINERs: A Comparison with Other Active Galactic Nucleus Subclasses

We present archival high-resolution X-ray imaging observations of 25 nearby LINERs observed by ACIS on board Chandra. This sample builds on our previously published proprietary and archival X-ray observations and includes the complete set of LINERs with published black hole masses and FIR luminosities that have been observed by Chandra. Of the 82 LINERs observed by Chandra, 41 (50%) display hard nuclear cores consistent with an AGN. The nuclear 2-10 keV luminosities of these AGN-LINERs range from ~2 × 1038 to ~1 × 1044 ergs s-1. Reinforcing our previous work, we find a significant correlation between the Eddington ratio, Lbol/LEdd, and the FIR luminosity, LFIR, as well as the IR brightness ratio, LFIR/LB, in the host galaxy of AGN-LINERs that extends over 7 orders of magnitude in Lbol/LEdd. Combining our AGN-LINER sample with galaxies from other AGN subclasses, we find that this correlation is reinforced in a sample of 129 AGNs, extending over almost 9 orders of magnitude in Lbol/LEdd. Using archival and previously published observations of the 6.2 μm PAH feature from ISO, we find that it is unlikely that dust heating by the AGN dominates the FIR luminosity in our sample of AGNs. Our results may therefore imply a fundamental link between the mass accretion rate (), as measured by the Eddington ratio, and the star formation rate (SFR), as measured by the FIR luminosity. Apart from the overall correlation, we find that the different AGN subclasses occupy distinct regions in the LFIR and Lbol/LEdd plane. Assuming a constant radiative efficiency for accretion, our results may imply a variation in the SFR/ ratio as a function of AGN activity level, a result that may have significant consequences for our understanding of galaxy formation and black hole growth.
Local Probabilities for Random Permutations Without Long Cycles

We explore the probability that a permutation sampled from the symmetric group of order n uniformly at random has cycles of lengths not exceeding r. Asymptotic formulas valid in specified regions for the ratio n/r are obtained using the saddle point method combined with ideas originated in analytic number theory. Theorem 1 and its detailed proof are included to rectify formulas for small r which have been announced by a few other authors.