Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Relationship Personality, Conflict Resolution, and Marital Satisfaction in the First 5 Years of Marriage*

We explore the relationship between couples' stable personality variables associated with interpersonal competencies (referred to here as relationship personality variables) and marital satisfaction with conflict resolution style as the mediating factor. Eighty-three newlywed couples participated in the study at 6 points over 5 years at 1-year intervals. The results indicate strong mediational effects across time. In particular, conflict resolution styles appear to form during the 1st year of marriage and are habituated thereafter to a large extent. The relationship personality variables correspond closely with conflict resolution styles, which in turn influence marital satisfaction. The implications for intervention, especially for preventive intervention in early marriage, are presented.
Effect Of Driver Fatigue On Truck Accident Rates

A preliminary statistical link is established between truck driver fatigue and truck accident rates, where fatigue could be a contributing factor. Two criteria are used to identify driver fatigue in the police accident report: fatigue reported as a primary cause of the accident, and fatigue as inferred from the report using indirect measures, such as "driver being at-fault in a single vehicle accident". Truck accident rates are estimated for different fatigue criteria and linked to factors such as, hours of driving per day without rest, driving at night, and driving in remote areas. Significantly higher fatigue accident rates were obtained for driving longer than 9.5 hours per day without rest, for driving at night, and for driving in remote areas. These factors were found to have a cumulative effect on fatigue-related truck accident rates. 1 Driver Fatigue as a Safety Concern Truck accidents typically result in a disproportionately large number of deaths and personal injuries. A major cause of these accidents is driver fatigue. In the 1950's, Prokop and Prokop reported that of 569 truck drivers surveyed 18% acknowledged to having fallen "asleep at the wheel" at one time or another in their careers (cited in McDonald, 1984). In a similar study carried out about two decades later, Tilley reported that of 155 truck drivers surveyed 64% were subject to some form of fatigue on a regular basis, and that about 10% of these drivers actually acknowledged to having been involved in at least one accident while affected by fatigue (cited in McDonald, 1984). A recent American Automobile Association study suggested that driver fatigue occurs on a routine basis on highways in the United States, especially where trucks are considered. Transactions on the Built Environment vol 16, © 1995 WIT Press, www.witpress. com, ISSN 1743-3509
Gender Equality Attitudes among Turks in Western Europe and Turkey: The Interrelated Impact of Migration and Parents' Attitudes

This study applies unique data on three-generation migrant and non-migrant lineages to assess how assimilation and intergenerational transmission theories hold up for attitudes on gender equality in the context of Turkey–Europe migration. Information on migration histories of families and gender equality attitudes is collected for over 800 families. Based on those data assimilation and retention theories and theories on intergenerational transmission as a means to reproduce cultural attitudes among migrant families are tested from a dissimilation-from-origin perspective: how do migrants and their descendants differ from non-migrants from the same area of origin. The results of this study support concepts that focus on context- and path-dependency: segmented assimilation is shown in the form that the more traditional migrants who move back to Turkey have children with more traditional views than comparable people without migrant ancestors (retention). At the same time, among lineages that settle in Europe, migration seems to speed up the assimilation process of becoming more supportive of gender equality. Moreover, the youth that grew up in Europe is hardly influenced by the parents' attitudes, whereas the ones growing up in Turkey are. This supports the idea of migration being a transmission belt for intergenerational transmission.
RGBD-fusion: Real-time high precision depth recovery

The popularity of low-cost RGB-D scanners is increasing on a daily basis. Nevertheless, existing scanners often cannot capture subtle details in the environment. We present a novel method to enhance the depth map by fusing the intensity and depth information to create more detailed range profiles. The lighting model we use can handle natural scene illumination. It is integrated in a shape from shading like technique to improve the visual fidelity of the reconstructed object. Unlike previous efforts in this domain, the detailed geometry is calculated directly, without the need to explicitly find and integrate surface normals. In addition, the proposed method operates four orders of magnitude faster than the state of the art. Qualitative and quantitative visual and statistical evidence support the improvement in the depth obtained by the suggested method.
A pilot implementation of interprofessional education in a community-academe partnership in the Philippines.

INTRODUCTION Interprofessional education (IPE) has been internationally recognized. In the Philippines, however, there is limited experience with IPE. This paper describes the activities of interprofessional teams and the student participants' perceptions of the pilot implementation of the Family Case Management, an IPE initiative of the University of the Philippines Community Health and Development Program in partnership with the Municipality of San Juan, Batangas. METHODS Five teams composed of medical, nursing, occupational therapy, physical therapy and speech pathology students participated. They provided health services to families with complex health needs in the community. Their activities were: (1) orientation of the team, (2) choosing the patient and family, (3) patient and family engagement, (4) assessment and goal-setting, (5) patient and family intervention, and (6) monitoring of outcomes. Students completed a self-administered questionnaire exploring their (1) overall experience, (2) perceptions of the project's most and least useful aspects, and (3) recommendations for improvement. Quantitative and qualitative data analyses were performed. RESULTS Data showed high ratings of the experience. Themes on the useful aspect of the project were (1) learning about collaboration, (2) appreciation of roles, (3) holistic care, (4) service to the community, and (5) unique learning experience. Themes on the least useful aspects were (1) coordination requirement, (2) patient management, (3) program structure, and (4) community-setting limitations. Recommendations included improvements in communication, orientation, patient management, available resources and supervision. DISCUSSION The students' appreciation of the Family Case Management demonstrated the opportunity and challenges for IPE implementation in the Philippines.
Characterization of New PEEK/HA Composites with 3D HA Network Fabricated by Extrusion Freeforming

Addition of bioactive materials such as calcium phosphates or Bioglass, and incorporation of porosity into polyetheretherketone (PEEK) has been identified as an effective approach to improve bone-implant interfaces and osseointegration of PEEK-based devices. In this paper, a novel production technique based on the extrusion freeforming method is proposed that yields a bioactive PEEK/hydroxyapatite (PEEK/HA) composite with a unique configuration in which the bioactive phase (i.e., HA) distribution is computer-controlled within a PEEK matrix. The 100% interconnectivity of the HA network in the biocomposite confers an advantage over alternative forms of other microstructural configurations. Moreover, the technique can be employed to produce porous PEEK structures with controlled pore size and distribution, facilitating greater cellular infiltration and biological integration of PEEK composites within patient tissue. The results of unconfined, uniaxial compressive tests on these new PEEK/HA biocomposites with 40% HA under both static and cyclic mode were promising, showing the composites possess yield and compressive strength within the range of human cortical bone suitable for load bearing applications. In addition, preliminary evidence supporting initial biological safety of the new technique developed is demonstrated in this paper. Sufficient cell attachment, sustained viability in contact with the sample over a seven-day period, evidence of cell bridging and matrix deposition all confirmed excellent biocompatibility.
Variation in English auxiliary realization: A new take on contraction

Abstract English auxiliary contraction has received much attention in the linguistic literature, but our knowledge of this variable has remained limited due to the absence of a thorough corpus study. This paper examines contraction of six auxiliaries in two corpora, considering three distinct phonological shapes in which they occur and the implications for an analysis of the grammatical processes that underlie the surface alternation in form. I argue that the data best support a two-stage analysis of contraction, one under which variation in the morphology is followed by phonetic and phonological processes. Moreover, I show that this particular analysis explains a number of patterns in the data that would otherwise be accidental. In this way, I underscore the importance of approaching the study of variable phenomena with both quantitative data and formal analysis.
Cognitive and language development in young children with plagiocephaly

OF DISSERTATION Cognitive and Language Development in Young Children with Plagiocephaly By Vidhya Krishnamurthy Doctor of Philosophy, Graduate Program in Clinical Psychology Loma Linda University, September 2008 Dr. Kiti Freier Randall, Chairperson Deformational plagiocephaly is a craniofacial condition where the occipital region of an infant’s skull becomes flattened as a result of prenatal or external factors. It is considered to be a primarily cosmetic condition that has no significant long term consequences. A few recent studies, however, have begun to suggest that children with deformational plagiocephaly may exhibit developmental delays or deficits. The purpose of this study was to examine the cognitive and language functioning of preschool age children who had been diagnosed with deformational plagiocephaly. Further, the study hoped to understand the relationship between developmental functioning in infancy and cognitive and language functioning during the preschool years in this population as well as the relationship between severity of plagiocephaly and later cognitive development. The participants of the study were patients of the Loma Linda University Children’s Hospital Craniofacial Team Center, where the children had obtained care for their diagnosis of deformational plagiocephaly. Twelve children (7 males and 5 females) between the ages of 3 and 5 years whose ethnic composition was primarily Caucasian and Latino participated in the study. On the WPPSI-III, the mean cognitive composites of the study participants were all in the Average range. Z-tests also revealed that there were no significant discrepancies between the cognitive composites scores of study participants and the instruments normative sample, however, 58% of the participants had significant
Kidney retransplantation from HLA‐incompatible living donors: A single‐center study of 3rd/4th transplants

The demand for kidney retransplantation following graft failure is rising. Repeat transplantation is often associated with poorer outcomes due to both immunological and surgical challenges. The aim of this study was to compare surgical and functional outcomes of kidney retransplantation in recipients that had previously had at least two kidney transplants with a focus on those with antibody incompatibility.
Connecting Teacher Efficacy Beliefs in Promoting Resilience to Support of Latino Students

This article explores the connection of teacher self-efficacy beliefs in promoting student resilience to teaching practice and support of Latino students. Results suggest that efficacy beliefs related to resilience are linked to building important relationships through connecting with students, building on their experiences and knowledge, and understanding the issues they confront. In particular, important to strengthening the academic resilience of Latino students are teachers’ views of their use of Spanish as an asset in their learning as well as the sensitivity teachers displayed around the added stressors Latino students face, such as discrimination and immigrant status.
Nociceptive Threshold and Physical Activity

ABSTRACT: Previous studies using subjective tools to measure pain have shown that muscle exercise can have analgesic effects in man. The nociceptive leg flexion reflex (or RIII reflex) is a useful objective tool for assessing human pain. In this study, the pain threshold was assessed using the nociceptive flexion reflex in six high-level athletes 1) at rest in comparison with 8 control subjects and 2) after exercise requiring the production of a 200-Watt force over a period of 20 minutes. The nociceptive flexion reflex threshold at rest was found to be spontaneously higher in the athletes than in the controls. Physical activity resulted in a significant increase (+53%) in the threshold of the nociceptive reflex in the athletes. The role of stress-induced analgesia, the reduction in perceived intensity of stimuli during movement, and the release of opioids are discussed.
Agreement in Student Performance in Assessment

Assessment of a student’s performance on a particular module may often be thought of as a single evaluation of the extent to which the student has met some or all of the module’s learning outcomes. More helpfully, however, when there is more than one assessment task in a particular module, it may be thought of as the combination of different assessment tasks (whatever the weighting attached to each of them). In this sense, the level of agreement between performances on the different tasks may elucidate the nature of overall student performance further still. Typically, assessment tasks within a module tend not to be of the same kind; often they are complementary, sometimes through the use of different media. The primary aim of the present study was to investigate agreement in student performance between assessment tasks within two modules.
The Leader–Member Exchange Relationship

Drawing on shared reality theory and social exchange processes in leader–member exchange (LMX), we posit that variability in LMX ratings at both the dyadic and group levels act as cross-level moderators of the routinely studied individual-level LMX–performance ratings association. Specifically, we introduce dyadic dispersion LMX as a key dyad-level variable that attenuates the positive individual LMX–performance association. Furthermore, we conceptualize that LMX differentiation, a group-level construct, is dysfunctional for individual outcomes as it violates norms of equality, and we suggest that the positive individual-level LMX–performance ratings association is plausible only in low differentiation workgroups and not high differentiation workgroups. Our analyses invoke new cross-classified and traditional nested models with multisource ratings of performance, and the findings largely support the study hypotheses. Implications for LMX at different levels of analyses as well as future theory and research are discussed.
Indicators on Gender Segregation

The objective of this study is to analyse ways of measuring gender segregation, and to consider specifically how the different types of indices can be used and interpreted. The different indicators of segregation are calculated for the EU member-states and a comparative analysis of the situation of European labour markets is made using the different indices. This paper also intends to make a general discussion on the issue of gender segregation, to give recommendations as to how segregation should be measured using current tools and to suggest improvements to existing ways of measuring segregation.
Salt-Sensitive Signaling Networks in the Mediation of K+/Na+ Homeostasis Gene Expression in Glycyrrhiza uralensis Roots

We investigated the effects of salt-sensitive signaling molecules on ionic fluxes and gene expression related to K+/Na+ homeostasis in a perennial herb, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, during short-term NaCl stress (100 mM, 24 h). Salt treatment caused more pronounced Na+ accumulation in root cells than in leaf cells. Na+ ions were mostly compartmentalized in vacuoles. Roots exposed to NaCl showed increased levels of extracellular ATP (eATP), cytosolic Ca2+, H2O2, and NO. Steady-state flux recordings revealed that these salt-sensitive signaling molecules enhanced NaCl-responsive Na+ efflux, due to the activated Na+/H+ antiport system in the plasma membrane (PM). Moreover, salt-elicited K+ efflux, which was mediated by depolarization-activated cation channels, was reduced with the addition of Ca2+, H2O2, NO, and eATP. The salt-adaptive effects of these molecules (Na+ extrusion and K+ maintenance) were reduced by pharmacological agents, including LaCl3 (a PM Ca2+ channel inhibitor), DMTU (a reactive oxygen species scavenger), cPTIO (an NO scavenger), or PPADS (an antagonist of animal PM purine P2 receptors). RT-qPCR data showed that the activation of the PM Na+/H+ antiport system in salinized roots most likely resulted from the upregulation of two genes, GuSOS1 and GuAHA, which encoded the PM Na+/H+ antiporter, salt overly sensitive 1 (SOS1), and H+-ATPase, respectively. Clear interactions occurred between these salt-sensitive agonists to accelerate transcription of salt-responsive signaling pathway genes in G. uralensis roots. For example, Ca2+, H2O2, NO, and eATP promoted transcription of GuSOS3 (salt overly sensitive 3) and/or GuCIPK (CBL-interacting protein kinase) to activate the predominant Ca2+-SOS signaling pathway in salinized liquorice roots. eATP, a novel player in the salt response of G. uralensis, increased the transcription of GuSOS3, GuCIPK, GuRbohD (respiratory burst oxidase homolog protein D), GuNIR (nitrate reductase), GuMAPK3, and GuMAPK6 (the mitogen-activated protein kinases 3 and 6). Moreover, GuMAPK3 and GuMAPK6 expression levels were enhanced by H2O2 in NaCl-stressed G. uralensis roots. Our results indicated that eATP triggered downstream components and interacted with Ca2+, H2O2, and NO signaling to maintain K+/Na+ homeostasis. We propose that a multiple signaling network regulated K+/Na+ homeostasis in NaCl-stressed G. uralensis roots.
Incidence of and predictors for short‐term readmission among preterm low‐birthweight infants

Background: Readmission temporally close to discharge can best reflect the quality of care received in the last hospitalization, and has been considered a valuable indicator for the quality of care received. The aim of the present study was to investigate the incidence of and predictors for readmission within 31 days after discharge among preterm low‐birthweight (PLBW) infants (ICD‐9‐code: 765.0x) in Taiwan.
Orexin gene transfer into the amygdala suppresses both spontaneous and emotion‐induced cataplexy in orexin‐knockout mice

Narcolepsy is a chronic sleep disorder linked to the loss of orexin‐producing neurons in the hypothalamus. Cataplexy, a sudden loss of muscle tone during waking, is an important distinguishing symptom of narcolepsy and it is often triggered by strong emotions. The neural circuit underlying cataplexy attacks is not known, but is likely to involve the amygdala, a region implicated in regulating emotions. In mice models of narcolepsy, transfer of the orexin gene into surrogate neurons has been successful in ameliorating narcoleptic symptoms. However, it is not known whether this method also blocks cataplexy triggered by strong emotions. To examine this possibility, the gene encoding mouse prepro‐orexin was transferred into amygdala neurons of orexin‐knockout (KO) mice (rAAV‐orexin; n = 8). Orexin‐KO mice that did not receive gene transfer (no‐rAAV; n = 7) or received only the reporter gene (rAAV‐GFP; n = 7) served as controls. Three weeks later, the animal's sleep and behaviour were recorded at night (no‐odour control night), followed by another recording at night in the presence of predator odour (odour night). Orexin‐KO mice given the orexin gene transfer into surrogate amygdala neurons had significantly less spontaneous bouts of cataplexy, and predator odour did not induce cataplexy compared with control mice. Moreover, the mice with orexin gene transfer were awake more during the odour night. These results demonstrate that orexin gene transfer into amygdala neurons can suppress both spontaneous and emotion‐induced cataplexy attacks in narcoleptic mice. It suggests that manipulating amygdala pathways is a potential strategy for treating cataplexy in narcolepsy.
Culture, Languages, and Economics

The impact of various facets of cultural diversity on economic outcomes has become a topic of intensive research in economics. This paper focuses on linguistic diversity as one of the important aspects of cultural heterogeneity, and more specifically, The aim of this paper is to formally examine two opposing forces, standardization and efficiency on the one hand, and cultural attachment and linguistic disenfranchisement, on the other, and to outline ways of bringing them to balance each other. In our measurement of disenfranchisement and fractionalization we heavily rely on the notion of linguistic distances or proximity between various linguistic groups. We also analyze the impact of linguistic diversity on trade, migration and markets for translation. We conclude by examining the issue of disenfranchisement in the European Union and possible standardization policies to address this issue.
A positional analysis of quantity complementarity in Swedish with comparison to Arabic.

The most favoured solution to the problem of quantity complementarity in Swedish has been to claim that vowel length is phonemic and consonant length is predictable (Linell, 1978). Evidence from listeners’ perceptual behaviour supports this over the reverse claim that it is only consonant length which is distinctive (cited in Czigler, 1998), a position that has nevertheless been argued for (Eliasson & La Pelle, 1973). However, there is a phonological cost: the vowel inventory must be doubled. We present an analysis based on positional criteria to account for the phonetic facts reported in instrumental studies such as Czigler (1998), Hassan (2002), Strangert & Wretling (2003), without the cost of additional phonemes. It takes Trubetzkoy’s (1969) ‘correlation of syllable contact’ and develops it according to more recent functionalist principles of phonotactic analysis (Mulder, 1989; Dickins, 1998). Vowel and consonant length are predicted by whether there is a consonant in the phonotactic position immediately following the syllable nucleus. Quantity complementarity in Swedish is compared to vowel and consonant length in Arabic and shown to bear out Hassan’s (2003: 48) assertion that the phenomenon of length ‘constitutes a systematic difference between the phonological systems of both languages’.