Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[Fasciocutaneous perforators of the lower leg--anatomic study and clinical significance].

BACKGROUND/AIM Soft tissue defects of the lower leg, especially in its distal third, still remain a challenging problem in reconstructive surgery. The aim of this study was to examine septocutaneous system of lower leg vascularization, quantitatively and qualitatively, which is the basis of fasciocutaneous and neurocutaneous flaps. METHODS Septocutaneous systems a. tibialis posterior and a. peroneae were examined by anatomical suprafascial lower leg microdissection of 40 fresh cadavers. Septocutaneous perforators located intermusculary, in deep crural fascia duplicature, were followed from its origin (at main arterial trunks of the lower leg) till the point they reach the deep crural fascia. The number and localization of emergence of the septocutaneous perforators were examined for both above mentioned arterial trunks, and the obtained data were documented by photographs, tables and graphics. Statistical analysis (especially cluster analysis), was used for establishing reliable septocutaneous perforators levels. RESULTS Septocutaneous perforator systems of the lower leg have constant and reliable pattern of existance. Lower leg length was 36 cm in average, (between 33 and 43 cm). Lower leg was divided in 10 equal segments, 3.6 cm each. A. tibialis posterior and a. peronea had 5 septocutaneous perforators. Cluster analysis of a. tibialis posterior perforators (with diameter > or = 0.5 mm), discovered 5 reliable levels of septocutaneous perforators. These levels are at 3.6-10.8 cm; 14.4--21.6 cm and 25.2-28.8 cm. For a. peronea reliable perforators were found at 3.6-10.8 cm, 14.4--18 cm and 21.6-25.2 cm. Posterior tibial artery perforators had the greatest diameter (from 0.5-1.8 mm; mean value 1.14 mm and SD = 0.26 mm). A mean diameter for peroneal artery perforators was 0.9 mm. Conclusion. Existance of reliable levels of septocutaneous perforators of the lower leg enables and makes reconstruction of the soft tissue defects of the lower leg, especially its distal third and foot, much easier.
Regularity of optimal transport maps on multiple products of spheres

This article addresses regularity of optimal transport maps for cost=“squared distance” on Riemannian manifolds that are products of arbitrarily many round spheres with arbitrary sizes and dimensions. Such manifolds are known to be non-negatively cross-curved [KM2]. Under boundedness and non-vanishing assumptions on the transfered source and target densities we show that optimal maps stay away from the cut-locus (where the cost exhibits singularity), and obtain injectivity and continuity of optimal maps. This allows to be used to with the results of Liu, Trudinger and Wang [LTW] to conclude higher regularity (C 1; =C 1 ) of optimal maps for smoother (C =C 1 ) densities. These are the first global regularity results which we are aware of concerning optimal maps on Riemannian manifolds which possess some vanishing sectional curvatures, beside the totally flat case of R n [Ca3] and its quotients [Co]. Moreover, such product manifolds have potential relevance in statistics (see [S]) and in statistical mechanics (where the state of a system consisting of many spins is classically modeled by a point in the phase space obtained by taking many products of spheres). For the proof we apply and extend the method developed in [FKM1], where we showed injectivity and continuity of optimal maps on domains in R n for smooth non-negatively cross-curved cost. The major obstacle in the present paper is to deal with the product structure of the cut-locus and the presence of flat directions. Optimal transport, functional inequalities and Riemannian geometry
Methodological Wishes for the Next Decade and How to Make Wishes Come True

We discuss seven methodological improvements that would stimulate important advancements in management research. We refer to these improvements as ‘wishes’ that we hope will materialize within the next decade. To promote the implementation of these improvements, we offer concrete and actionable recommendations that researchers can apply when designing and conducting empirical research and that journal editors and reviewers can consider when evaluating manuscripts for publication. These improvements address: (1) accelerating theoretical progress; (2) improving the construct validity of measures; (3) strengthening causal inferences; (4) incorporating multilevel design, measurement, and analysis; (5) balancing trade‐offs between internal and external validity, (6) understanding the nature and impact of outliers; and (7) offering a realistic and useful description of a study's limitations.
DNA Strand Invasion Promoted by Escherichia coli RecT Protein*

The RecT protein of Escherichia coliis a DNA-pairing protein required for the RecA-independent recombination events promoted by the RecE pathway. The RecT protein was found to bind to both single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in the absence of Mg2+. In the presence of Mg2+, RecT binding to dsDNA was inhibited drastically, whereas binding to ssDNA was inhibited only to a small extent. RecT promoted the transfer of a single-stranded oligonucleotide into a supercoiled homologous duplex to form a D (displacement)-loop. D-loop formation occurred in the absence of Mg2+ and at 1 mm Mg2+ but was inhibited by increasing concentrations of Mg2+ and did not require a high energy cofactor. Strand transfer was mediated by a RecT-ssDNA nucleoprotein complex reacting with a naked duplex DNA and was prevented by the formation of RecT-dsDNA nucleoprotein complexes. Finally, RecT mediated the formation of joint molecules between a supercoiled DNA and a linear dsDNA substrate with homologous 3′-single-stranded tails. Together these results indicate that RecT is not a helix-destabilizing protein promoting a reannealing reaction but rather is a novel type of pairing protein capable of promoting recombination by a DNA strand invasion mechanism. These results are consistent with the observation that RecE (exonuclease VIII) and RecT can promote RecA-independent double-strand break repair in E. coli.
Rethinking web content distribution in the social media era

We are witnessing the beginnings of a shift in the patterns of content creation and exchange over the web. Previously, web content—including web pages, images, audio, and video—was primarily created by a small set of entities and was delivered to a large audience of web users. However, recent trends such as the rise in popularity of online social networking; the ease of content creation using digital devices like smartphones, cameras, and camcorders; and the ubiquity of Internet access have democratized content creation. Now, individual Internet users are creating content that makes up a significant fraction of Web traffic [3, 9]. As a result, compared to content shared over the web just a few years ago, content today is generated by a large number of users located at the edge of the network, is of more uniform popularity, and exhibits a workload that is governed by the social network. Unfortunately, existing content distribution architectures—built to serve more traditional workloads—are ill-suited for these new patterns of content creation and exchange. For example, web caches have been shown to exhibit poor performance on social networking content [5, 18], due to the more uniform popularity of content, causing many online social networking sites have begun to move away from content distribution networks (CDNs) and towards highly-engineered in-house delivery solutions [10,11,15].
Aggregation of whelks, Buccinum undatum, near feeding predators: the role of reproductive requirements

In the Mingan Islands, northern Gulf of St Lawrence (eastern Canada), the whelk Buccinum undatum displays a strong escape response to its predator, the asteroid Leptasterias polaris, nevertheless large sexually mature individuals occasionally approach feeding L. polaris to obtain food. In this study, we investigated the hypothesis that reproductive requirements increase the tendency of sexually mature whelks to approach feeding asteroids. Prior to egg laying, females (which invest more energy than males into the production of reproductive structures) represented 72% of the adult whelks that approached feeding L. polaris, but only 36% of the adults randomly collected from the study area. Furthermore, females that were attracted to feeding asteroids had smaller reproductive organs (after accounting for body size) than females randomly collected from the study area. Similarly, prior to egg laying, females fed longer and ingested more food than males when tested in the presence of L. polaris in the laboratory. After egg laying, however, females and males displayed a similar tendency to feed in the presence of a predator, both in the field and in the laboratory. Predator-impact indices, computed by contrasting the feeding activity of whelks in the absence and presence of a predator, indicated that females (but not males) responded more boldly to predators prior to than after egg laying, despite a general decrease in feeding activity at that period. Taken together, our observations indicate that the tendency of adult whelks to approach feeding predators is influenced by potential reproductive gains. Because such gains are presumably more directly linked to a given feeding opportunity in sexually active individuals, whelks may be selected to display increased levels of boldness towards predators with the onset of sexual maturity. Thus, potential reproductive benefits may partly explain the size-dependent tendency of whelks to approach feeding asteroids. Copyright 2001 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour.
The relationship between emotional intelligence and work attitudes, behavior and outcomes: An examination among senior managers

The literature suggests that managerial skills in general, and emotional intelligence in particular, play a significant role in the success of senior managers in the workplace. This argument, despite its popularity, remains elusive. This can be attributed to the fact that although a few studies have provided evidence to support this argument, it has not received an appropriate empirical investigation. This study attempts to narrow this gap by empirically examining the extent to which senior managers with a high emotional intelligence employed in public sector organizations develop positive work attitudes, behavior and outcomes. The results indicate that emotional intelligence augments positive work attitudes, altruistic behavior and work outcomes, and moderates the effect of work‐family conflict on career commitment but not the effect on job satisfaction.
Single-Anchor Localization and Orientation Performance Limits Using Massive Arrays: MIMO vs. Beamforming

In the next generation of cellular networks, it is desirable to use single access points both for communication and localization. This could be made possible thanks to the combination of femtocells, mm-wave technology and massive antenna arrays, and would overcome the problem of having an over-sized infrastructure for positioning which is, nowadays, the bottleneck for the widespread diffusion of indoor localization systems. In this context, our paper aims at investigating the localization and orientation performance limits employing massive arrays both at the access point and mobile side. To this end, we first asymptotically demonstrate the tightness of the Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) in the massive array regime and that the effect of multipath can be made negligible even for practical values of SNR levels. Successively, we propose a comparison between two different transmitter configurations, namely multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), where orthogonal waveforms are sent, and beamforming, which takes advantage of highly correlated waveforms and directive array patterns. We also consider random weighting as a trade-off between the diversity gain of MIMO and the high directivity guaranteed by the beamforming. CRB results show the interplay between diversity and beamforming gain as well as the benefits achievable by varying the number of antennas in terms of localization accuracy and multipath mitigation.
“Une Annee Entre Parentheses” French academic sojourners in Australia: The impact of social and cultural dimensions of acculturation and repatriation on perceptions of cultural identity

Intercultural exchanges in Australia for French academic sojourners constitute a recent phenomenon as French students were traditionally involved in primarily European exchange programmes under the auspices of associations such as ERASMUS and formerly SOCRATES. Numerous studies have been carried out on academic sojourners, however, much of the research to date has focused on the academic dimensions of their experience. By comparison, few studies have addressed issues relating to the social and cultural dimensions of the exchange process. These dimensions are however of central importance to understanding the nature and impact of the study abroad experience. This dissertation has investigated the impact of the acculturation and repatriation processes and the language experiences of French academic sojourners on their perceptions of cultural identity. When sojourners enter a new society with distinctive cultural norms and values, it stands to reason that identity changes may result from intercultural contact between visitors and host society members, as identity transformations occur in response to temporal, cultural and situational contexts. When sojourners are required to adapt to an unaccustomed sociocultural milieu over an extended period of time, they need to learn new cultural repertoires and competencies. Adjustment to an unfamiliar culture necessitates changes in cognition, attitudes and behaviour, without which culture shock and acculturative stress may occur. This thesis emerged from the close observation of a group of French students who were experiencing difficulties during their academic sojourn in Australia and were concerned about their re-entry. This was because once they had traversed the difficult stages of culture shock and reached the stage of full recovery (adjustment), they no longer wished to go home. For this reason, the cyclical journey of these sojourners was of great interest to this project. This dissertation was based on three substantive themes: culture shock, reverse culture shock and cultural identity issues. Of significance was the notion of perceived identity because the issues in this study revolved around the way the respondents think about themselves rather than developing an external view of others’ identities. Therefore the discourse of the respondents about their own culture has been respected and their views have been taken as evidence of what they wished to project rather than as information about their original culture. It will be shown that the French respondents in this study belonged to and traversed a complex multiplicity of cultures both within and across societies. They were largely ill-prepared for this journey. The end result was a dynamic
Dynamic simulation of mid-water trawl in fishing simulator

In order to simulate the dynamic behaviors of mid-water trawl in fishing simulator, a hydrodynamic model of mid-water trawl is established according to lumped mass model and researches on the numerical method for solving the model have also been done. In the modeling process, the mid-water trawl has been simplified by using an equivalent method, then the trawl is divided into finite mass points connected with springs without mass and fluid force of each mass point is calculated by simplifying the point to a spherical object or a rod-shaped object. To take a relative bigger step size for calculation, calculated positions of mass points instituting variables of position are used to calculate connected mass points' elastic force and every mass point's equations can be solely solved. Simulation researches of a mid-water trawl have been done, and simulated results are compared with that of flume experiments, which verifies model's rationality.
BIOTECHNOLOGICALLY RELEVANT ENZYMES AND PROTEINS Improvement of the quality of wheat bread by addition of glycoside hydrolase family 10 xylanases

Although many xylanases are widely used in the baking industry, only one glycoside hydrolase family 10 (GH 10) xylanase has previously been reported to be effective in baking. In this study, we compared the effectiveness of two GH 10 xylanases, psychrophilic XynA from Glaciecola mesophila and mesophilic EX1 from Trichoderma pseudokoningii, in bread making. The optimal dosages needed to improve wheat flour dough and bread quality were 270-U/kg flour for EX1 and 0.9-U/kg flour for XynA. At their optimal dosage, both XynA and EX1 had significant doughsoftening ability, resulting in a 50% reduction in Brabender units. XynA was more effective than EX1 in reducing the time to reach maximum consistency. XynA and EX1 showed similar effects in improving the bread volume (~30% increase). EX1 was more effective in reducing the initial crumb firmness. Although both enzymes exhibited similar anti-staling effects on the bread, based on a decrease in the bread firmness, XynA had a greater effect on reducing the firming rate, and EX1 showed an enhanced reduction in the initial firmness. These results show that these two GH 10 xylanases have unique advantages in improving dough and bread quality and indicate their potential in bread making.
Human centred university commercialisation

Universities in the UK need to develop commercial revenue streams to fill funding gaps, and also, to help justify continued public funding, to stimulate innovation and enhance the economy. Information technology (IT) is the source or catalyst for much innovation, historically this been based on much university input. Human-centred design (HCD) approaches, based on research from Human-Computer Interaction and related fields have been shown to be more effective than technically-driven approaches to achieve sustainable innovation based on IT.However commercialisation requires IT academics to acquire new expertise in business innovation and while sources of this are undoubtedly market- and customer-focused, they tend not be human-centred. At the same time, individual academics may simply not engage with efforts to stimulate commercialisation as they see many personal risks they often feel unable to manage. If commercialisation is to take place, these human factors also need to be addressed.This paper reflects on successful experiences of applying HCD over ten years of collaboration with industry and considers how to extend these approaches into commercialisation (where, in many ways, universities will now compete with industry). Unexpectedly, a need emerges to clarify the definitions of terms such as innovation and research and development (R&D), in order to meet the varied expectations and requirements of policy makers, public funders and potential investors. Based on engagement over two years with around forty academics on a range of commercialisation ideas, a PACT analysis [1] illustrates the human factors involved in university commercialisation. Further studies are proposed.
Controlling the subtle energy balance in protic ionic liquids: dispersion forces compete with hydrogen bonds.

The properties of ionic liquids are determined by the energy-balance between Coulomb-interaction, hydrogen-bonding, and dispersion forces. Out of a set of protic ionic liquids (PILs), including trialkylammonium cations and methylsulfonate and triflate anions we could detect the transfer from hydrogen-bonding to dispersion-dominated interaction between cation and anion in the PIL [(C6 H13 )3 NH][CF3 SO3 ]. The characteristic vibrational features for both ion-pair species can be detected and assigned in the far-infrared spectra. Our approach gives direct access to the relative strength of hydrogen-bonding and dispersion forces in a Coulomb-dominated system. Dispersion-corrected density functional theory (DFT) calculations support the experimental findings. The dispersion forces could be quantified to contribute about 2.3 kJ mol(-1) per additional methylene group in the alkyl chains of the ammonium cation.
An Empirical Study of Virtual Learning Environment Adoption Using UTAUT

When users are presented with a new technology or service, a number of factors influence their decision about how and when they will use it. To measure how students and teachers are going to accept and use a specific e-learning technology or service, an appropriate instrument is needed. In this paper common theories that can be used for measuring students' acceptance of e-learning technologies and services are presented. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model was used to develop the measurement instrument. The measurement items have been adapted to Moodle, an open source web-based Virtual Learning Environment (VLE). Empirical data was conducted using an online survey with undergraduate students (n=235). To understand students’ perceptions about using Moodle, the UTAUT research model and hypothesized relationships between UTAUT constructs were empirically tested using the structural equation modeling (SEM) approach. The results indicate that performance expectancy and social influence have a significant impact on students’ attitudes towards using Moodle. Social influence and attitudes toward using are significant determinants of students' behavioral intention. Students’ behavioural intentions were shown to be strong and significant determinant of actual use of Moodle. The implications and limitations of the present study are also discussed.
Mersenne twister-based RFID authentication protocol

This work presents an ultra-lightweight, cryptographic, mutual authentication protocol for radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags. The proposed scheme is more secure than its predecessors. The vulnerabilities of previous schemes based on triangular functions and rotation have been demonstrated in traditional and rotational cryptanalysis. In this paper, we summarize the successful attacks on previous schemes and demonstrate further attacks on 3 recent ultra-lightweight protocols. Next, we present a proposal that resists all of the known passive attacks. The proposal obeys the properties and rules of addition-rotation-XOR with constants systems. The proposed scheme inserts parts of advanced encryption standard S-boxes into the temperings of the Mersenne twister, which is used as a deterministic random number generator. The proposal is supported by extensive performance and security analysis. Apart from previous work, our scheme is compared and contrasted against the results of some popular hashing and encryption algorithms, recommended for RFID tags.