Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Advancing Treatment for Metastatic Bone Cancer: Consensus Recommendations from the Second Cambridge Conference

Purpose: Summarize current knowledge, critical gaps in knowledge, and recommendations to advance the field of metastatic bone cancer. Experimental Design: A multidisciplinary consensus conference was convened to review recent progress in basic and clinical research, assess critical gaps in current knowledge, and prioritize recommendations to advance research in the next 5 years. The program addressed three principal topics: biology of metastasis, preserving normal bone health, and optimizing bone-targeted therapies. Results: A variety of specific recommendations were identified as important to advance research and clinical care over the next 5 years. Conclusions: Priorities for research in bone biology include characterizing components of the stem cell niche in bone, developing oncogenic immunocompetent animal models of bone metastasis, and investigating the unique contribution of the bone microenvironment to tumor growth and dormancy. Priorities for research in preserving normal bone health include developing methods to measure and characterize disseminating tumor cells, assessing outcomes from the major prevention trials currently in progress, and improving methodologies to assess risks and benefits of treatment. Priorities for optimizing bone-targeted therapies include advancing studies of serum proteomics and genomics to reliably identify patients who will develop bone metastases, enhancing imaging for early detection of bone metastases and early response evaluation, and developing new tests to evaluate response to bone-directed treatments.
Distributed deformable configuration control for Multi-Robot systems

In this paper, we present deformable configuration control - a fully distributed algorithm that allows multiple robots to deform their configuration to avoid various shapes of obstacles while maintaining connectivity. Robots contacted with an obstacle first estimate the width of an obstacle by sharing bumped status of individual robots, and choose an appropriate obstacle avoidance scenarios between obstacle detouring and bouncing off a wall. Second, for both scenarios, robots switch their motion model to a parent following motion to avoid the obstacle. Finally, robots keep sensing the maximum tree angle to estimate whether they are completely escaped from the obstacle, and return to flock formation motion model. We provide theoretical analysis about maintaining connectivity while robots are avoiding an obstacle. Simulation results show a group of 36 robots successfully avoid three different kinds of obstacles including 1) a small bar, 2) a narrow corridor, and 3) a large wall while maintaining connectivity.
The MROI's capabilities for imaging geosynchronous satellites

Interferometry provides the only practicable way to image meter-scale structure in geosynchronous satellites. This capability represents a unique commercial opportunity for astronomical interferometry, but to date no interferometer has been able to make an image of such a satellite. We discuss the challenges of imaging these objects and present results of sensitivity calculations and imaging simulations which show that the Magdalena Ridge Observatory Interferometer is likely to be well-suited to this application. Our preliminary results suggest that a significant proportion of GEO targets may be accessible and that it may be possible to routinely extract key satellite diagnostics with an imaging capability that would be able to distinguish, for example, 70 cm features on a 5-meter satellite bus and payload, 30 cm features on a 2-meter satellite bus or similarly sized structure, as well as precise quantitative information on much larger structures such as 10 m long solar panels. Optimised observation and data reduction strategies are likely to allow these limits to be improved in due course.
3-D SPH Simulations of Colliding Winds in η Carinae

Abstract We study colliding winds in the superluminous binary η Carinae by performing three-dimensional, Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations. For simplicity, we assume both winds to be isothermal. We also assume that wind particles coast without any net external forces. We find that the lower density, faster wind from the secondary carves out a spiral cavity in the higher density, slower wind from the primary. Because of the phase-dependent orbital motion, the cavity is very thin on the periastron side, whereas it occupies a large volume on the apastron side. The model X-ray light curve using the simulated density structure fits very well with the observed light curve for a viewing angle of i = 54° and φ = 36°, where i is the inclination angle and φ is the azimuth from apastron.
A.R.E. You There for Me? The Relationship Between Attachment, Communication, and Relationship Satisfaction of Law Enforcement Officers and Their Partners

Abstract Law enforcement officers (LEO) and their partners face many stressors. Secure attachments minimize stress but building secure bonds require meaningful interactions; interactions impeded by LEO’s culture of suppressing feelings. Study participants included 54 male officers and their partners. Using dyadic data, 3 APIMs were used to explore the association between attachment, communication, and satisfaction. Results suggest that secure behaviors increase constructive communication, decrease demand-withdrawal, and increase satisfaction. It appears that male behaviors have a stronger influence on the findings than female partners. Clinicians are encouraged to consider interventions that not only increase secure bonds but engage the male partner.
Effectiveness puppet play therapy on adaptive behavior and social skills in boy children with intellectual disability

Background: Intellectual disability influences social skills and adaptive behavior in children. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the influence of puppet play therapy on adaptive behavior and social skills in boy children with intellectual disability. Methods: This quasi-experimental study with pre/post-test design was conducted on 30 intellectual disability boy children (9-11 aged) selected through the criteria from Nor-Islam School of Varamin City in 2017. They were randomly divided into the control and intervention groups. The intervention group received puppet play therapy for eight treatment sessions. The research tools were Vineland Social Maturity Scales (VSMS) and Adaptive Behavior Index of Limbert (ABIC). Data were statistically analyzed using ANCOVA. Results: Findings indicated that the mean scores of six subscales of adaptive behavior including violent and disruptive behavior (P<0.001), antisocial behavior (p<0.001), rebellious behavior (p<0.01), untrustworthy behavior (p<0.001), stereotyped behavior (p<0.01), unacceptable of eccentric habit (p<0.01) and Vineland social maturity (p<0.05) after intervention, in research groups were significantly different. In addition, the results of ANCOVA showed that there was no significant difference between five subscales of adaptive behavior including withdrawal behavior (p<0.05), inappropriate social behavior (p<0.01), unacceptable vocal habits (p<0.05), hyperactive tendencies (p>0.05) and psychological disturbance (p<0.05). Conclusions: The findings indicated that play therapy brought the positive impact on social coping behaviors in children Intellectual disability. It is necessary that child counselors and psychologists to utilize the play therapy to decrease social skills deficits and promote social adjustment in children via intellectual disability at schools and rehabilitation centers.
An Inexact Newton Method for Fully Coupled Solution of the Navier-Stokes Equations with Heat and Mass Transport

The solution of the governing steady transport equations for momentum, heat and mass transfer in flowing fluids can be very difficult. These difficulties arise from the nonlinear, coupled, nonsymmetric nature of the system of algebraic equations that results from spatial discretization of the PDEs. In this manuscript we focus on evaluating a proposed nonlinear solution method based on an inexact Newton method with backtracking. In this context we use a particular spatial discretization based on a pressure stabilized Petrov-Galerkin finite element formulation of the low Mach number Navier? Stokes equations with heat and mass transport. Our discussion considers computational efficiency, robustness and some implementation issues related to the proposed nonlinear solution scheme. Computational results are presented for several challenging CFD benchmark problems as well as two large scale 3D flow simulations.
Residential mobility reduces ingroup favouritism in prosocial behaviour

People sometimes prioritize helping ingroup members over outgroup members, but sometimes they do not. The current research investigated whether residential mobility, a socioecological factor, would reduce ingroup favouritism in prosocial behaviour. In three studies, we found evidence supporting the causal role of residential mobility in reducing ingroup favouritism in prosocial behaviour. First, we found that participants in the residentially stable condition had stronger intentions to help ingroups than outgroups whereas this tendency was eliminated in the residentially mobile condition (Study 1). We replicated these findings by examining participants’ money allocation in a dictator game and their actual helping behaviour in an additional request (Study 2). Furthermore, we explored the underlying mechanisms of the effect of residential mobility on ingroup favouritism in prosocial behaviour (Study 3). We found that the differentiation component of individual identity (i.e., distinctiveness and uniqueness from other people) explained the relation between individuals’ moving history and ingroup favouritism in prosocial behaviour (Study 3), in which frequent moves increased differentiation, which in turn reduced ingroup favouritism in prosocial behaviour. Taken together, these studies indicate that residential mobility is powerful in shaping people’s behaviour toward ingroups and outgroups, which advances the understanding of intergroup processes from a socioecological approach.
Tweet Analysis for Real-Time Event Detection and Earthquake Reporting System Development

Twitter has received much attention recently. An important characteristic of Twitter is its real-time nature. We investigate the real-time interaction of events such as earthquakes in Twitter and propose an algorithm to monitor tweets and to detect a target event. To detect a target event, we devise a classifier of tweets based on features such as the keywords in a tweet, the number of words, and their context. Subsequently, we produce a probabilistic spatiotemporal model for the target event that can find the center of the event location. We regard each Twitter user as a sensor and apply particle filtering, which are widely used for location estimation. The particle filter works better than other comparable methods for estimating the locations of target events. As an application, we develop an earthquake reporting system for use in Japan. Because of the numerous earthquakes and the large number of Twitter users throughout the country, we can detect an earthquake with high probability (93 percent of earthquakes of Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) seismic intensity scale 3 or more are detected) merely by monitoring tweets. Our system detects earthquakes promptly and notification is delivered much faster than JMA broadcast announcements.
"Of all things the measure is man" automatic classification of emotions and inter-labeler consistency [speech-based emotion recognition]

In traditional classification problems, the reference needed for training a classifier is given and considered to be absolutely correct. However, this does not apply to all tasks. In emotion recognition in non-acted speech, for instance, one often does not know which emotion was really intended by the speaker. Hence, the data is annotated by a group of human labelers who do not agree on one common class in most cases. Often, similar classes are confused systematically. We propose a new entropy-based method to evaluate classification results taking into account these systematic confusions. We can show that a classifier which achieves a recognition rate of "only" about 60 % on a four-class-problem performs as well as our five human labelers on average.
Signalling Cascades Involved in Induced Resistance

Plant innate immunity is based on a surprisingly complex response that is highly flexible in its capacity to recognize and counteract different invaders. To effectively combat invasion by microbial pathogens and herbivorous insects, plants make use of pre-existing physical and chemical barriers, as well as inducible defence mechanisms that become activated upon attack. Apart from reacting locally, plants can mount a systemic response, establishing an enhanced defensive capacity in parts distant from the site of primary attack. This systemically induced response protects the plant against subsequent invaders. Several biologically induced, systemic defence responses have been characterized in detail, such as systemic acquired resistance (SAR), which is triggered by pathogens causing limited infection, such as hypersensitive necrosis, rhizobacteria induced systemic resistance (ISR), which is activated upon colonization of roots by selected strains of non-pathogenic rhizobacteria, and wound induced defence, which is typically elicited upon tissue damage, such as caused by insect feeding.
REM-ART: Reward-based Electromagnetic Adaptive Resonance Theory

This paper proposes a Reward-based Electromagnetic Adaptive Resonance Theory (REM-ART) mainly for reducing the retrieval error, which can store and retrieve episodes consisting of a temporal sequence of events. With the existing EM-ART it is difficult to predict a correct episode when there are noisy inputs that are sparse or distorted. To overcome this problem, the proposed REM-ART has a reward channel along with an event channel, lending it robustness to noisy inputs. The reward channel generates a reward signal to reinforce the activation of a proper episode node. The proposed REM-ART is applied to predict and retrieve a correct episode from noisy inputs, out of episodes that are stored through the visual demonstration using an RGB-D camera.
The Architecture of Thiol Antioxidant Systems among Invertebrate Parasites

The use of oxygen as the final electron acceptor in aerobic organisms results in an improvement in the energy metabolism. However, as a byproduct of the aerobic metabolism, reactive oxygen species are produced, leaving to the potential risk of an oxidative stress. To contend with such harmful compounds, living organisms have evolved antioxidant strategies. In this sense, the thiol-dependent antioxidant defense systems play a central role. In all cases, cysteine constitutes the major building block on which such systems are constructed, being present in redox substrates such as glutathione, thioredoxin, and trypanothione, as well as at the catalytic site of a variety of reductases and peroxidases. In some cases, the related selenocysteine was incorporated at selected proteins. In invertebrate parasites, antioxidant systems have evolved in a diversity of both substrates and enzymes, representing a potential area in the design of anti-parasite strategies. The present review focus on the organization of the thiol-based antioxidant systems in invertebrate parasites. Differences between these taxa and its final mammal host is stressed. An understanding of the antioxidant defense mechanisms in this kind of parasites, as well as their interactions with the specific host is crucial in the design of drugs targeting these organisms.
Road-Sign Detection and Recognition Based on Support Vector Machines

This paper presents an automatic road-sign detection and recognition system based on support vector machines (SVMs). In automatic traffic-sign maintenance and in a visual driver-assistance system, road-sign detection and recognition are two of the most important functions. Our system is able to detect and recognize circular, rectangular, triangular, and octagonal signs and, hence, covers all existing Spanish traffic-sign shapes. Road signs provide drivers important information and help them to drive more safely and more easily by guiding and warning them and thus regulating their actions. The proposed recognition system is based on the generalization properties of SVMs. The system consists of three stages: 1) segmentation according to the color of the pixel; 2) traffic-sign detection by shape classification using linear SVMs; and 3) content recognition based on Gaussian-kernel SVMs. Because of the used segmentation stage by red, blue, yellow, white, or combinations of these colors, all traffic signs can be detected, and some of them can be detected by several colors. Results show a high success rate and a very low amount of false positives in the final recognition stage. From these results, we can conclude that the proposed algorithm is invariant to translation, rotation, scale, and, in many situations, even to partial occlusions
Abundances in the Galactic bulge: results from planetary nebulae and giant stars

Context. Our understanding of the chemical evolution (CE) of the Galactic bulge requires the determination of abundances in large samples of giant stars and planetary nebulae (PNe). Studies based on high resolution spectroscopy of giant stars in several fields of the Galactic bulge obtained with very large telescopes have allowed important progress. Aims. We discuss PNe abundances in the Galactic bulge and compare these results with those presented in the literature for giant stars. Methods. We present the largest, high-quality data-set available for PNe in the direction of the Galactic bulge (inner-disk/bulge). For comparison purposes, we also consider a sample of PNe in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). We derive the element abundances in a consistent way for all the PNe studied. By comparing the abundances for the bulge, inner-disk, and LMC, we identify elements that have not been modified during the evolution of the PN progenitor and can be used to trace the bulge chemical enrichment history. We then compare the PN abundances with abundances of bulge field giant. Results. At the metallicity of the bulge, we find that the abundances of O and Ne are close to the values for the interstellar medium at the time of the PN progenitor formation, and hence these elements can be used as tracers of the bulge CE, in the same way as S and Ar, which are not expected to be affected by nucleosynthetic processes during the evolution of the PN progenitors. The PN oxygen abundance distribution is shifted to lower values by 0.3 dex with respect to the distribution given by giants. A similar shift appears to occur for Ne and S. We discuss possible reasons for this PNe-giant discrepancy and conclude that this is probably due to systematic errors in the abundance derivations in either giants or PNe (or both). We issue an important warning concerning the use of absolute abundances in CE studies.
International Breastfeeding Journal Intention to Breastfeed and Awareness of Health Recommendations: Findings from First-time Mothers in Southwest Sydney, Australia

Background: In 2001, the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommended exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life. The objectives of this study are to assess awareness of the WHO recommendation among first-time mothers (women at 24 to 34 weeks of pregnancy) and to explore the relationship between this awareness and mothers' intention to exclusively breastfeed for six months.
Periodicities in energy dissipation rates in the auroral mesosphere/lower thermosphere

It is possible for medium-frequency (MF) radar systems to estimate kinetic energy dissipation rates by mea- suring signal fading times. Here, we present approximately 5 years of such results from Tromso (69 N, 19 E) and in particular, investigate the periodicities present at different al- titudes in the regime 80 to 100 km. We detect the known annual variation in the mesosphere and the semiannual vari- ation on the lower thermosphere. In addition, other features are observed including terannual and 27-day components in the lower thermosphere.
Mice in an enriched environment learn more flexibly because of adult hippocampal neurogenesis

We here show that living in a stimulus‐rich environment (ENR) improves water maze learning with respect to specific key indicators that in previous loss‐of‐function experiments have been shown to rely on adult hippocampal neurogenesis. Analyzing the strategies employed by mice to locate the hidden platform in the water maze revealed that ENR facilitated task acquisition by increasing the probability to use effective search strategies. ENR also enhanced the animals’ behavioral flexibility, when the escape platform was moved to a new location. Treatment with temozolomide, which is known to reduce adult neurogenesis, abolished the effects of ENR on both acquisition and flexibility, while leaving other aspects of water maze learning untouched. These characteristic effects and interdependencies were not seen in parallel experiments with voluntary wheel running (RUN), a second pro‐neurogenic behavioral stimulus. Since the histological assessment of adult neurogenesis is by necessity an end‐point measure, the levels of neurogenesis over the course of the experiment can only be inferred and the present study focused on behavioral parameters as analytical endpoints. Although the correlation of physical activity with precursor cell proliferation and of learning and the survival of new neurons is well established, how the specific functional effects described here relate to dynamic changes in the stem cell niche remains to be addressed. Nevertheless, our findings support the hypothesis that adult neurogenesis is a critical mechanism underlying the beneficial effects of leading an active live, rich in experiences. © 2015 The Authors Hippocampus Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Comparative Analysis of Engineering and Art Learner’s Readiness towards the use of E-Portfolio

This paper presents the comparative analysis learners’ readiness among Engineering and Art students in higher learning institution. The study was focused on examining 120 students from Engineering and Art cluster to practice e-Portfolio for their courses. The pilot study was tested the reliability coefficient with Cronbach’s alpha (α) of 0.825. The survey of learner readiness was divided into five constructs to assess the readiness towards using e-portfolio for future assessment purposes. The finding was concluded that the students are indeed ready to use e-Portfolio as an appropriate platform for integrative learning. The use of e-Portfolio will broaden the possibility to promote outcome-based education and constructive alignment which encompassed practical skills such as critical thinking, problem solving, information management and lifelong skills. The preliminary study proved that e-Portfolio is beneficial to students, faculty and stakeholders.