Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using body sensor networks for motion detection: a cluster‐based approach for green radio

Body sensor networks (BSN) are an emerging application that places sensors on the human body. Given that a BSN is typically powered by a battery, one of the most critical challenges is how to prolong the lifetime of all sensor nodes. In addition, there is an increased interest in ‘green radio’ networks that aim to reduce the energy consumption for wireless communications to cut emissions of CO 2. Recently, using clusters to reduce the energy consumption of BSN has shown promising results. One of the important parameters in these cluster‐based algorithms is the selection of cluster heads. Most prior works selected cluster heads either probabilistically or on the basis of nodes’ residual energy. In this work, we first discuss the efficiency of cluster‐based approaches for saving energy. We then propose a novel cluster head selection algorithm to maximise the lifetime of a BSN for motion detection. Our results show that we can achieve above 90% accuracy for the motion detection, while keeping energy consumption as low as possible. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Antisocial Behavior and Interpersonal Values in High School Students

This article analyzes the characteristics of antisocial behavior and interpersonal values of high school students (Compulsory Secondary Education) (CSE), the profile of students with high levels of antisocial behavior with regard to interpersonal values, and possible protection from antisocial behavior that interpersonal values could provide. The Interpersonal Values Questionnaire was used to assess interpersonal values, and the Antisocial-Delinquent Behaviors Questionnaire was employed to assess antisocial behaviors. The sample was made up of 885 CSE students aged 14–17. The results revealed a greater prevalence of antisocial behaviors among males and fourth-year CSE students. Moreover, antisocial behaviors were more frequent among participants with high scores in Stimulation, Recognition, Independence, and Leadership and low scores in Conformity and Benevolence. Lastly, logistic regression analyses showed that low scores in Conformity and Benevolence and high scores in Independence predicted high scores in antisocial behavior. The possibility of identifying certain interpersonal values which could positively or negatively affect the appearance of antisocial behavior during adolescence is discussed.
The Proteome of Cholesteryl-Ester-Enriched Versus Triacylglycerol-Enriched Lipid Droplets

Within cells, lipids are stored in the form of lipid droplets (LDs), consisting of a neutral lipid core, surrounded by a phospholipid monolayer and an outer layer of protein. LDs typically accumulate either triacylglycerol (TAG) and diacylglycerol or cholesteryl ester (CE), depending on the type of tissue. Recently, there has been an increased interest in the proteins that surround LDs. LD proteins have been found to be quite diverse, from structural proteins to metabolic enzymes, proteins involved in vesicular transport, and proteins that may play a role in LD formation. Previous proteomics analyses have focused on TAG-enriched LDs, whereas CE-enriched LDs have been largely ignored. Our study has compared the LD proteins from CE-enriched LDs to TAG-enriched LDs in steroidogenic cells. In primary rat granulosa cells loaded with either HDL to produce CE-enriched LDs or fatty acids to produce TAG-enriched LDs, 61 proteins were found to be elevated in CE-enriched LDs and 40 proteins elevated in TAG-enriched LDs with 278 proteins in similar amounts. Protein expression was further validated by selected reaction monitoring (SRM) mass spectrometry (MS). SRM verified expression of 25 of 27 peptides that were previously detected by tandem mass tagging MS. Several proteins were confirmed to be elevated in CE-enriched LDs by SRM including the intermediate filament vimentin. This study is the first to compare the proteins found on CE-enriched LDs with TAG-enriched LDs and constitutes the first step in creating a better understanding of the proteins found on CE-enriched LDs in steroidogenic cells.
SINGS: The SIRTF Nearby Galaxies Survey

The SIRTF Nearby Galaxy Survey is a comprehensive infrared imaging and spectroscopic survey of 75 nearby galaxies. Its primary goal is to characterize the infrared emission of galaxies and their principal infrared‐emitting components, across a broad range of galaxy properties and star formation environments. SINGS will provide new insights into the physical processes connecting star formation to the interstellar medium properties of galaxies and provide a vital foundation for understanding infrared observations of the distant universe and ultraluminous and active galaxies. The galaxy sample and observing strategy have been designed to maximize the scientific and archival value of the data set for the SIRTF user community at large. The SIRTF images and spectra will be supplemented by a comprehensive multiwavelength library of ancillary and complementary observations, including radio continuum, H i, CO, submillimeter, BVRIJHK, Hα, Paα, ultraviolet, and X‐ray data. This paper describes the main astrophysical issues to be addressed by SINGS, the galaxy sample and the observing strategy, and the SIRTF and other ancillary data products.
Magnetic design of two-phase switched reluctance motor with bidirectional startup capability

The symmetric structure conventionally used in two-phase switched reluctance machines (SRMs) leads to dead torque zone and issues with startup. When a phase is at the fully aligned position with respect to the rotor, the complimentary phase is completely unaligned. Within this region, excitation of either phase fails to generate sufficient startup torque. Significant research has been focused on the design of machines with large, unidirectional startup torque specific to the direction of rotation required by the given application. In this work, a conventional two-phase SRM is analyzed to reveal the underlying geometric constraints leading to startup difficulties. To overcome this, a phase shift design strategy is proposed to ensure both large starting torque and bidirectional startup capability. The design is investigated and validated through both simulation and experiments, and the results show the validity of this new configuration.
Telomere length and hTERT expression in patients with acute myeloid leukemia correlates with chromosomal abnormalities.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a malignant, genetically heterogenous disorder characterized by uncontrolled growth of immature myeloid cells. The aim of this study was to analyze whether telomere length and/or hTERT expression are correlated with clonal chromosomal aberrations in AML. DESIGN AND METHODS Telomere length in mononuclear cells derived from 137 previously untreated patients with >or= 80% blasts was analyzed by flow fluorescent in situ hybridization. Results were expressed in telomere fluorescence Units (1 TFU=1 kb). The expression of hTERT, including its different splice variants was studied by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS Age-adjusted telomere length in AML patients was significantly reduced as compared to in matched controls, consisting of peripheral blood granulocytes from healthy individuals (0-90 years) (median: -2.5 TFU; p<0.001). Patients with an aberrant karyotype had significantly shorter telomeres than patients with a normal karyotype (median -3.0 vs. -2.3 TFU; p=0.03). The shortest telomeres were found in patients with multiple aberrations (median -3.7 TFU; p=0.03). hTERT expression was found to be correlated with chromosomal abnormalities as well as with the detection of functional hTERT splicing variants. INTERPRETATION AND CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest an important role of intense telomere loss in the development of genetic instability during the pathogenesis of AML. It is assumed that critical telomere shortening in AML blasts could lead to telomerase activation and therefore prevent blasts from replicative senescence, one possible mechanism for clonal selection and disease progression. Therefore, telomere length might serve as a prognostic marker for AML patients. These findings would have to be confirmed in large, prospective studies.
Theory and Application of SNR and Mutual Information Matched Illumination Waveforms

A comprehensive theory of matched illumination waveforms for both deterministic and stochastic extended targets is presented. Design of matched waveforms based on maximization of both signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and mutual information (MI) is considered. In addition the problem of matched waveform design in signal-dependent interference is extensively addressed. New results include SNR-based waveform design for stochastic targets, SNR-based design for a known target in signal-dependent interference, and MI-based design in signal-dependent interference. Finally we relate MI and SNR in the context of waveform design for stochastic targets.
Managing Potential and Realized Absorptive Capacity: Antecedents and Consequences Organizational Antecedents of Absorptive Capacity

A brief abstract This study examines how business units manage the ratio of realized to potential absorptive capacity and reveals how absorptive capacity drives performance differences. Results from 462 business units within 150 branches show that cross-functional interfaces, participation and job-rotation especially enhance a unit's potential absorptive capacity. Formalization and socialization tactics particularly develop a unit's realized absorptive capacity. Regarding consequences of absorptive capacity, our findings show that superior financial performance originates from a unit's ability to nurture and harvest potential absorptive capacity. Moreover, our study suggests that potential and realized absorptive capacity have different roles in enabling explorative and exploitative adaptations. Lower ratios of realized to potential absorptive capacity are associated with explorative adaptations, whereas higher ratios are related to exploitative adaptations. In this regard, our study shows how managing potential and realized absorptive capacity provides sources of sustainable competitive advantage. JEL Code(s)– M10 2 INTRODUCTION The increasing turbulence of the business environment has focused attention on knowledge as the dominant source of competitive advantage (Grant, 1996; Kogut & Zander, 1992). To survive external selection pressures, firms should recognize new outside knowledge, assimilate it, and apply it to commercial ends. This dynamic capability, referred to as absorptive capacity (Cohen & Levinthal, 1990), is seen as a promising explanation of innovation capacity clarifies how firms cope with the competitive landscape by mediating explorative and The last decade has witnessed a proliferation of contributions to the concept of absorptive capacity. Empirical studies have applied the concept to units, firms, and dyads. Conceptually, Zahra & George (2002) have introduced a 'dynamic capabilities' perspective of absorptive capacity and have substantiated between potential and realized absorptive capacity. Potential absorptive capacity (PACAP) enables a unit's receptiveness to external knowledge and captures a unit's ability to acquire, analyze, interpret, and understand new external knowledge. On the other hand, realized absorptive capacity (RACAP) reflects a unit's capacity to transform and exploit new and existing knowledge by incorporating it into its operations. The distinction highlights the separate, but complementary roles of both subsets of absorptive capacity. Moreover, it enables the examination how units develop competitive advantages by managing the efficiency factor of absorptive capacity – the ratio of realized absorptive capacity to potential absorptive capacity (Zahra & George, 2002). 3 Despite various theoretical and empirical contributions, few have captured the richness and multidimensionality of the concept of absorptive capacity (Zahra & George, 2002). Recent research has only started …
Evaluation of the Expression of the Human Epithelial Receptor 2 (HER2) in Gastric Carcinoma

Objective. To evaluate the HER2 expression on gastric adenocarcinoma from a Brazilian population and also to analyze the relations between the receptor and clinical characteristics, as well as the survival status. Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis was conducted from January of 2008 to July of 2012, considering only gastrectomies with curative intent. Tumors were tested for HER2 status using immunohistochemistry. The relation between HER2 status and clinical aspects, surgical findings, and survival were also analyzed. Results. 222 patients with gastric carcinoma were submitted to surgery during that period, but only 121 (54,5%) were with curative intention. The immunohistochemistry revealed that 4 patients (3,3%) were HER2-positive, 6 patients (4,9%) HER2-undetermined, and 111 patients (91,7%) HER2-negative. There was no statistical concordance between HER2 status and survival or the clinical aspects. Conclusion. The HER2 overexpression rate was very low in this Brazilian population sample and cannot be considered as a prognostic factor.
Kulikovskiy–Sveshnikova–Beghin model of powder snow avalanches: Development and application

[1] A simple theoretical model, the Kulikovskiy–Sveshnikova–Beghin (KSB) model, is outlined, describing the motion of a particle cloud moving down an incline. This model includes both the entrainment of surrounding ambient fluid and the entrainment of particles from the slope and is equally valid for Boussinesq and non-Boussinesq flows. However, this model can predict physically impossible densities when there is significant particle entrainment. Modifications to the model are proposed which eliminate this problem by including the entrained snow volume. With the modified model, physically realistic mean densities are predicted which have a significant impact on the Richardson number–dependent ambient entrainment. The improvements are illustrated by comparing analytical solutions to the original and the modified KSB equations for the case of a particle cloud traveling on a slope of constant angle, with constant ambient fluid and particle entrainment. Solving the modified model numerically, predictions are compared
Multiperiod Corporate Default Prediction with the Partially-Conditioned Forward Intensity

The forward-intensity model of Duan, {et al} (2012) is a parsimonious and practical way for predicting corporate defaults over multiple horizons. However, it has a noticeable shortcoming because default correlations through intensities are conspicuously absent when the prediction horizon is more than one data period. We propose a new forward-intensity approach that builds in correlations among intensities of individual obligors by conditioning all forward intensities on the future values of some common variables, such as the observed interest rate and/or a latent frailty factor. The new model is implemented on a large sample of US industrial and financial firms spanning the period 1991-2011 on the monthly frequency. Our findings suggest that the new model is able to correct the structural biases at longer prediction horizons reported in Duan et al (2012). Not surprisingly, default correlations are also found to be important in describing the joint default behavior.
Molecular differences between two Jeryl Lynn mumps virus vaccine component strains, JL5 and JL2

The Jeryl Lynn (JL) vaccine against mumps virus (MuV) contains two components, MuVJL5 and MuVJL2, which differ by over 400 nt. Due to the occurrence of bias in the direction of mutation, these differences and those found in nucleotide sequences of different isolates of the minor component in the vaccine (MuVJL2) might be due to the effect of ADAR-like deaminases on MuV grown in tissue-cultured cells. A molecular clone of MuVJL2 (pMuVJL2) and MuVJL2-specific helper plasmids were constructed in order to investigate molecular interactions between MuVJL5 and MuVJL2, to augment the existing molecular clone of MuVJL5 (pMuVJL5) and MuVJL5-specific helper plasmids. Genome and mRNA termini of MuVJL2 were characterized, and an unusual oligo-G insertion transcriptional editing event was detected near the F mRNA polyadenylation site of MuVJL2, but not of MuVJL5. Genes encoding glycoproteins of rMuVJL2 and rMuVJL5 have been exchanged to characterize the oligo-G insertion, which associated with the specific sequence of the F gene of MuVJL2 and not with any other genes or the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase of strain MuVJL2. The results indicate that a single G-to-A sequence change obliterates the co-transcriptional editing of the F mRNA and that this oligo-G insertion does not affect the growth of the virus.
Beyond Denomination: New Tests of Whether and How Religion Matters for Family Planning

The sub-Saharan African AIDS epidemic has prompted new discussions about the role of religious doctrine and religious institutions in shaping sexual behavior. However the importance of religion for other forms of reproductive behavior has been comparatively neglected in recent years. Since religion and fertility are two of the dominant features of the rural African landscape questions about how these two phenomena are related are relevant to developing better understandings of the cultural and demographic features and futures of this region. In this paper we ask about how religion and religious involvement are associated with fertility behavior in rural Malawi. To do so we draw on unique individual and congregational-level data that allow us to move beyond the status-quo of demographic studies on religion and fertility which has been to identify and explain differences in fertility patterns between broad denominational categories. In focusing our attention at the congregational level - the level of direct interaction with both religious authority (leaders) and lay people (fellow congregation members) - we examine characteristics that are both more relevant to the lives of rural Malawian women and more sociologically interesting for testing and improving theories of religious influence on sexual behavior. (excerpt)
Prognostic impact of serum albumin levels on the recurrence of stage I non-small cell lung cancer

OBJECTIVE: Patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer who have undergone complete surgical resection harbor a 30% risk for tumor recurrence. Thus, the identification of factors that are predictive for tumor recurrence is urgently needed. The aim of this study was to test the prognostic value of serum albumin levels on tumor recurrence in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS: Stage I non-small cell lung cancer patients who underwent complete surgical resection of the primary tumor at Zhejiang Hospital were analyzed in this study. Serum albumin levels were measured before surgery and once again after surgery in 101 histologically diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer patients. Correlations between the pre- and post-operative serum albumin levels and various clinical demographics and recurrence-free survival rates were analyzed. RESULTS: Patients with pre-operative hypoalbuminemia (<3.5 g/dl) had a significantly worse survival rate than patients with normal pre-operative serum albumin levels (≥3.5 g/dl) (p = 0.008). Patients with post-operative hypoalbuminemia had a worse survival rate when compared with patients with normal post-operative serum albumin levels (p = 0.001). Cox multivariate analysis identified pre-operative hypoalbuminemia, post-operative hypoalbuminemia and tumor size over 3 cm as independent negative prognostic factors for recurrence. CONCLUSION: Serum albumin levels appear to be a significant independent prognostic factor for tumor recurrence in patients with stage I non-small cell lung cancer who have undergone complete resection. Patient pre-treatment and post-treatment serum albumin levels provide an easy and early means of discrimination between patients with a higher risk for recurrence and patients with a low risk of recurrence.
The strange disappearance of civic America

By Robert D. Putnam A more extended version of this article, complete with references, appears in the Winter 1995 issue of PS, a publication of the American Political Science Association. This work, originally delivered as the inaugural Ithiel de Sola Pool Lecture, builds on Putnam's earlier articles, "Bowling Alone: America's Declining Social Capital," Journal of Democracy (January 1995) and "The Prosperous Community," TAP (Spring 1993).
Impacts of Rotational Grazing on Soil Carbon in Native Grass-Based Pastures in Southern Australia

Rotational grazing management strategies have been promoted as a way to improve the sustainability of native grass-based pasture systems. From disturbance ecology theory, rotational grazing relative to continuous grazing can increase pasture productivity by allowing vegetation to recover after short intense grazing periods. This project sought to assess whether soil organic carbon (SOC) stocks would also increase with adoption of rotational grazing management. Twelve pairs of rotationally and continuously grazed paddocks were sampled across a rainfall gradient in South Australia. Pasture productivity approximated as the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was on average no different between management categories, but when the data from all sites were aggregated as log response ratios (rotational/continuous) a significant positive trend of increasing NDVI under rotational grazing relative to continuous grazing was found (R2 = 0.52). Mean SOC stocks (0–30 cm) were 48.3 Mg C ha-1 with a range of 20–80 Mg C ha-1 across the study area with no differences between grazing management categories. SOC stocks were well correlated with rainfall and temperature (multiple linear regression R2 = 0.61). After removing the influence of climate on SOC stocks, the management variables, rest periods, stocking rate and grazing days, were found to be significantly correlated with SOC, explaining 22% of the variance in SOC, but there were still no clear differences in SOC stocks at paired sites. We suggest three reasons for the lack of SOC response. First, changes in plant productivity and turnover in low-medium rainfall regions due to changes in grazing management are small and slow, so we would only expect at best small incremental changes in SOC stocks. This is compounded by the inherent variability within and between paddocks making detection of a small real change difficult on short timescales. Lastly, the management data suggests that there is a gradation in implementation of rotational grazing and the use of two fixed categories (i.e. rotational v. continuous) may not be the most appropriate method of comparing diverse management styles.
The XO Project: Searching for Transiting Extrasolar Planet Candidates

The XO project’s first objective is to find hot Jupiters transiting bright stars (i.e., V<12) by precision differential photometry. Two XO cameras have been operating since 2003 September on the 10,000 foot Haleakala summit on Maui. Each XO camera consists of a 200 mm f/1.8 lens coupled to a 1024 × 1024 pixel, thinned CCD operated by drift‐scanning. In its first year of routine operation, XO has observed 6.6% of the sky within six 7° wide strips scanned from 0° to +63° of declination and centered at R.A. = 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 hr. Autonomously operating, XO records 1 billion pixels per clear night, calibrates them photometrically and astrometrically, performs aperture photometry, archives the pixel data, and transmits the photometric data to the Space Telescope Science Institute for further analysis. From the first year of operation, the resulting database consists of photometry of ∼100,000 stars at more than 1000 epochs per star, with differential photometric precision better than 1% per epoch. Analysis of the light curves of those stars produces transiting‐planet candidates requiring detailed follow‐up, described elsewhere, culminating in spectroscopy to measure radial velocity variation in order to differentiate genuine planets from the more numerous impostors, primarily eclipsing binary and multiple stars.