Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy for Depressed Children: Children's and Therapists' Impressions

A randomized trial was conducted of cognitive-behavioural therapy and a non-focused intervention for children and adolescents aged 8–16 years with depression (N = 57) referred to four child and adolescent psychiatry units. Children in both groups showed similar rates of recovery from depression at the end of treatment (cognitive-behavioural therapy: 87% recovery rate; non-focused intervention: 75% recovery rate). This paper addresses the question of how cognitive-behavioural therapy was perceived and used by depressed young sters in clinical settings (N=29). Only seven children (24%) kept a diary for all nine sessions of the CBT programme. Children who had been rated as compliant with CBT tasks were more likely to recover at the end of treatment. Analysis of the content of each cognitive-behavioural session has shown that all children received advice on self-monitoring, positive self-statementing, and social problem-solving, but only 50% actually received advice on cognitive restructuring, since this was scheduled late in the treatment package and most children had recovered by this stage. Children, parents and therapists had a high degree of agreement on the helpfulness of CBT. Children identified several helpful CBT elements, the majority being related to social problem-solving. The treatment programme was explained to parents, who did not actively participate in treatment, but they helped to plan suitable rewards for their children. Recommendations are made for the future use of CBT with referred young people with depressive disorders.
Oculo-respiratory syndrome: a new influenza vaccine-associated adverse event?

During the 2000-2001 influenza immunization campaign in Canada, a new adverse event, oculo-respiratory syndrome (ORS), was noted in association with administration of vaccine supplied by one manufacturer. The original case definition for ORS specified bilateral conjunctivitis, facial edema, or respiratory symptoms beginning 2-24 h after influenza vaccination and resolving within 48 h after onset. To characterize the spectrum, severity, and impact of ORS, we contacted persons who had reported any influenza vaccine-associated adverse event in British Columbia, Canada, during the 2000-2001 vaccination campaign. With use of a standardized telephone interview, we collected information from 609 (79%) of 769 eligible persons. Thirteen percent of ORS-affected persons reported onset <or=2 h after vaccination, 27% experienced symptoms for >48 h, and 42% considered the symptoms to be severe. The surveillance case definition for ORS for 2001-2002 was revised to include onset <or=24 h after vaccination, with no restriction on duration. ORS should be incorporated into annual influenza vaccine safety monitoring.
Assessment of Approximations in Aerosol Optical Properties and Vertical Distribution into FLEX Atmospherically-Corrected Surface Reflectance and Retrieved Sun-Induced Fluorescence

Physically-based atmospheric correction of optical Earth Observation satellite data is used to accurately derive surface biogeophysical parameters free from the atmospheric influence. While water vapor or surface pressure can be univocally characterized, the compensation of aerosol radiometric effects relies on assumptions and parametric approximations of their properties. To determine the validity of these assumptions and approximations in the atmospheric correction of ESA’s FLEX/Sentinel-3 tandem mission, a systematic error analysis of simulated FLEX data within the O 2 absorption bands was conducted. This paper presents the impact of key aerosol parameters in atmospherically-corrected FLEX surface reflectance and the subsequent Sun-Induced Fluorescence retrieval (SIF). We observed that: (1) a parametric characterization of aerosol scattering effects increases the accuracy of the atmospheric correction with respect to the commonly implemented discretization of aerosol optical properties by aerosol types and (2) the Angstrom exponent and the aerosol vertical distribution have a residual influence in the atmospherically-corrected surface reflectance. In conclusion, a multi-parametric aerosol characterization is sufficient for the atmospheric correction of FLEX data (and SIF retrieval) within the mission requirements in nearly 85% (70%) of the cases with average aerosol load conditions. The future development of the FLEX atmospheric correction algorithm would therefore gain from a multi-parametric aerosol characterization based on the synergy of FLEX and Sentinel-3 data.
Amelioration of spent oil contaminated ultisol with organic wastes and its effect on soil properties and maize (Zea mays L) yield.

Contamination of soil with toxic substances can degrade its capacity to grow plants. A Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) experiment was set up in 2005 and 2006 to evaluate the effect of organic wastes on the physical properties and maize (Zea mays L) yield of spent oil contaminated (SOC) ultisol in Abakaliki South eastern Nigeria. The wastes comprising poultry droppings (PD) and Rice husk dust (RHD) were applied at the rate of 10tha in 2005 and their residual effect tested in 2006. The results obtained showed significant 1 decrease (P= 0.05) in soil bulk density at 48 and 90 days after planting (DAP) in waste amended plots relative to SOC plots in both seasons. Rice husk dust (ORHD) gave highest aggregate stability value of 80.3(%) in 2005. The value was 12%, 6% and 9% higher than control ©, oil + PD (OPD) and SOC plots, respectively. Waste application increased the water retention and hydraulic conductivity of the soils relative to SOC plots in both seasons. Results also show significant decrease in crop growth and yield in SOC plots relative to the waste amended plots. Yield increase of 32%, 12% and 225% were obtained in OPD amended plots relative to C, ORHD and SOC plots, respectively in 2006. Results also showed that organic amendments can improve the physical properties and productivity of spent oil contaminated soils.
Assessing the Merits of International Service-learning in Developing Professionalism in Mass Communication

This project assessed how an international service-learning course affected mass communication students' knowledge of professionalism. Using written reflections and focus group transcripts from four courses that took place in Central America, we observed that placing students in immersive environments, where they are able to work on authentic tasks, can enhance their knowledge of specific professional issues. Our observations include managing client relationships, negotiating diverse project teams, and making technology choices appropriate to client and audience. We isolate significant aspects of the course pedagogy and offer suggestions to adapt conventional semester projects to gain some of the affordances of immersion and authenticity.
Large experimental bandpass waveguide in 3D EBG woodpile manufactured by layer-by-layer ceramic stereolithography

An original waveguide located in a woodpile (layer-by-layer) crystal is presented in this paper. Its geometrical sizes, shape and location have been optimized in order to maximize its bandwidth and the matching between this guide and the input/ouput feeding WR waveguides. The 3D electromagnetic band gap (EBG) crystal has been designed, optimized and manufactured in one monolithic piece with zirconia (epsivr=31.2 at 30 GHz) by the 3D ceramic stereolithography process. It experimentally exhibits a large complete bandgap superior to 20% and the waveguide located in such woodpile provides a measured 20% bandwidth around 26 GHz while keeping a return loss inferior to -10dB.
Effect of self-efficacy, goals, and task strategies on task performance.

Abstract : This study examined the effect of self-efficacy, goals, and task strategies on goal choice and task performance. Self-efficacy and task strategies were manipulated through training. Ability, past performance and self-efficacy were the major predictors of goal choice. Ability, self-efficacy, goals and task strategies were all related to task performance. Self-efficacy was more strongly related to past performance than to future performance but was still a significant predictor of future performance when past performance was controlled. Self-efficacy ratings for moderate to difficult levels of performance were the best predictors of future performance. This finding was replicated when two previous goal setting studies, which had found no positive expectancy-performance relationship across goal groups, were re-analyzed. It is suggested that the concept of self-efficacy might provide an integrating mechanism between the goal setting and social learning theory approaches to task performance.
Vocabulary Learning Strategies of Korean University Students - Strategy Use, Vocabulary Size, and Gender

The purpose of the study was tri-fold: a) to identify the perceived use of English vocabulary learning strategies of Korean university students; b) to examine if there is any gender difference in the use of strategy; and c) to investigate if there is any relationship between vocabulary size and strategy use. Four hundred and sixty six students in two Korean universities participated in the study and their vocabulary learning strategies and size were measured by the Vocabulary Learning Strategy Survey adapted from Schmitt’s (1997) and the Vocabulary Levels Tests (Schmitt, 2000) respectively. The results showed that the students preferred cognitively less demanding strategies to the ones that required cognitively deeper processing. The most frequently used strategies were “use bilingual dictionary,” “say a word aloud when studying,” and “study the sound of a word,” and among the least frequently used strategies were “practice word using flash card,” “study word with a pictorial representation of its meaning,” and “study or practice meaning in a group. ” It was also found that the students with high vocabulary size used strategies more frequently than those with low vocabulary size in general and the difference was noticeable particularly in memory strategy use. However, no gender effect was found on the pattern and frequency of strategy use.
Cobalt-iron Oxide, Alloy and Nitride: Synthesis, Characterization and Application in Catalytic Peroxymonosulfate Activation for Orange II Degradation

In meeting the need for environmental remediation in wastewater treatment and the development of popular sulfate-radical-based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs), a series of Co/Fe-based catalysts with confirmed phase structure were prepared through extended soft chemical solution processes followed by atmosphere-dependent calcination. Powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and 57Fe Mossbauer spectroscopy were employed to characterize the composition, morphology, crystal structure and chemical state of the prepared catalysts. It was shown that calcination in air, nitrogen and ammonia atmospheres generated Co-Fe catalysts with cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4), Co-Fe alloy and Co-Fe nitride as dominant phases, respectively. The prepared Co/Fe-based catalysts were demonstrated to be highly efficient in activating peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for organic Orange II degradation. The activation efficiency of the different catalysts was found to increase in the order CoFe2O4 < Co-Fe nitride < Co-Fe alloy. Sulfate radical was found to be the primary active intermediate species contributing to the dye degradation for all the participating catalysts. Furthermore, a possible reaction mechanism was proposed for each of the studied catalysts. This study achieves progress in efficient cobalt-iron catalysts using in the field of SR-AOPs, with potential applications in environment remediation.
Central Nodes in Protein Interaction Networks Drive Critical Functions in Transforming Growth Factor Beta-1 Stimulated Kidney Cells

Objective Despite the huge efforts, chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains as an unsolved problem in medicine. Many studies have shown a central role for transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGFβ-1) and its downstream signaling cascades in the pathogenesis of CKD. In this study, we have reanalyzed a microarray dataset to recognize critical signaling pathways controlled by TGFβ-1. Materials and Methods This study is a bioinformatics reanalysis for a microarray data. The GSE23338 dataset was downloaded from the gene expression omnibus (GEO) database which assesses the mRNA expression profile of TGFβ-1 treated human kidney cells after 24 and 48 hours incubation. The protein interaction networks for differentially expressed (DE) genes in both time points were constructed and enriched. In addition, by network topology analysis, genes with high centrality were identified and then pathway enrichment analysis was performed with either the total network genes or with the central nodes. Results We found 110 and 170 genes differentially expressed in the time points 24 and 48 hours, respectively. As the genes in each time point had few interactions, the networks were enriched by adding previously known genes interacting with the differentially expressed ones. In terms of degree, betweenness, and closeness centrality parameters 62 and 60 nodes were considered to be central in the enriched networks of 24 hours and 48 hours treatment, respectively. Pathway enrichment analysis with the central nodes was more informative than those with all network nodes or even initial DE genes, revealing key signaling pathways. Conclusion We here introduced a method for the analysis of microarray data that integrates the expression pattern of genes with their topological properties in protein interaction networks. This holistic novel approach allows extracting knowledge from raw bulk omics data.
“SOME ASIAN MEN ARE ATTRACTIVE TO ME, BUT FOR A HUSBAND …”

Abstract Two indicators of race relations in the United States are interracial marriage and transracial adoption. We examine the salience of race in the romantic involvements of Korean adoptees, and we argue that mainstream racial discourses influence romantic preferences across variations in personal experience, local demographics, and social distance. Applying a dating-history approach to a probability sample of semistructured interviews with fifty-eight adult Korean adoptees, we demonstrate how racial discourses influence romantic preferences by shaping adoptees' interpretations of their romantic involvements across a range of structural conditions, and we also identify specific conditions that limit their salience. In brief, we introduce a conception of romantic preference that bridges the existing constructs in the qualitative and the quantitative literatures on interracial marriage.
BPR: Bayesian Personalized Ranking from Implicit Feedback

Item recommendation is the task of predicting a personalized ranking on a set of items (e.g. websites, movies, products). In this paper, we investigate the most common scenario with implicit feedback (e.g. clicks, purchases). There are many methods for item recommendation from implicit feedback like matrix factorization (MF) or adaptive k-nearest-neighbor (kNN). Even though these methods are designed for the item prediction task of personalized ranking, none of them is directly optimized for ranking. In this paper we present a generic optimization criterion BPR-Opt for personalized ranking that is the maximum posterior estimator derived from a Bayesian analysis of the problem. We also provide a generic learning algorithm for optimizing models with respect to BPR-Opt. The learning method is based on stochastic gradient descent with bootstrap sampling. We show how to apply our method to two state-of-the-art recommender models: matrix factorization and adaptive kNN. Our experiments indicate that for the task of personalized ranking our optimization method outperforms the standard learning techniques for MF and kNN. The results show the importance of optimizing models for the right criterion.
Doing ‘it’ differently: relinquishing the disease and pregnancy prevention focus in sexuality education

Despite policy provision enabling sexuality education to address more than disease and pregnancy prevention, this focus continues to permeate many school programmes. This paper problematises the danger prevention emphasis in sexuality education, examines school's investment in it and asks how useful it is. The ways this kind of sexuality education may inhibit the reduction of ‘negative’ sexual outcomes and fail to support young people's sexual well‐being is explored. Suggesting sexuality education might be conceptualisxed without this danger prevention emphasis necessitates an exploration of what might replace it. Foucault's work around an ethics of pleasure is drawn on as one example of how the objectives of sexuality education might be re‐envisaged.
Cooperative Control of UAVs for Search and Coverage

Recent developments of autonomous unmanned vehicles and sensor technology have motivated extensive applications in mobile surveillance. In the DARPA sponsored MARS2020 project, the University of Pennsylvania GRASP Lab has developed and experimentally demonstrated a variety of air to ground coordination concepts using fixed-wing autonomous air vehicle to generate detailed maps of an area of interest that were then used as navigational aids by autonomous ground vehicles, and to search for a specified target using standard search pattern flight paths and then automatically telemeter candidate locations to a team of autonomous ground vehicles that were then deployed to make positive identifications (see Fig. 1). In the DARPA Heterogeneous Urban RSTA (reconnaissance, surveillance and target acquisition) Team (HURT) project [16], a class of small, electrically powered fixed-wing aerial vehicles and a small helicopter were used to conduct surveillance operations. In recent years, the success of this technology has led to annual expenditures of $2 billion dollars globally, which are expected to grow to $4.5 billion annually [17] within the decade. At the platform level, the technology has matured to the extent that even tactical missions can be reliably executed. However, the current state of autonomous air vehicle technology is that complex mission sensor
Able but not motivated? The relative effects of happy and sad mood on persuasive message processing

The effects of happy and sad moods on systematic processing are examined in the present study. Research has indicated that positive mood leads to less systematic processing, and negative mood heightens systematic processing. Debate has ensued as to whether persons in a positive mood lack the cognitive ability to process messages systematically (e.g., Worth & Mackie, 1987), or lack the motivation to process systematically (e.g., Bohner et al., 1992). In the present study, it was posited that, consistent with Cialdini's Negative State Relief Model (1973), persons in a positive mood lack the motivation to process, but do not lack the cognitive ability to do so. An experiment was designed to test this motivational hypothesis by varying outcome involvement, message strength, and mood. Contrary to the cognitive inability hypothesis, results indicated that persons in a positive mood do have the cognitive capacity to process systematically, but that message strength is the major predictor of attitude.
The Female Gametophyte and the Endosperm Control Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of the Seed Coat in Arabidopsis[W]

Double fertilization of the female gametophyte produces the endosperm and the embryo enclosed in the maternal seed coat. Proper seed communication necessitates exchanges of signals between the zygotic and maternal components of the seed. However, the nature of these interactions remains largely unknown. We show that double fertilization of the Arabidopsis thaliana female gametophyte rapidly triggers sustained cell proliferation in the seed coat. Cell proliferation and differentiation of the seed coat occur in autonomous seeds produced in the absence of fertilization of the multicopy suppressor of ira1 (msi1) mutant. As msi1 autonomous seeds mostly contain autonomous endosperm, our results indicate that the developing endosperm is sufficient to enhance cell proliferation and differentiation in the seed coat. We analyze the effect of autonomous proliferation in the retinoblastoma-related1 (rbr1) female gametophyte on seed coat development. In contrast with msi1, supernumerary nuclei in rbr1 female gametophytes originate mainly from the endosperm precursor lineage but do not express an endosperm fate marker. In addition, defects of the rbr1 female gametophyte also reduce cell proliferation in the ovule integuments before fertilization and prevent further differentiation of the seed coat. Our data suggest that coordinated development of the seed components relies on interactions before fertilization between the female gametophyte and the surrounding maternal ovule integuments and after fertilization between the endosperm and the seed coat.
The Relationship Between Content Area General Outcome Measurement and Statewide Testing in Sixth-Grade World History

The purpose of the present study was to extend validity research on a content area general outcome measurement tool known as vocabulary matching. Previous research has reported moderately strong to strong correlations between the group-administered vocabulary-matching measure and a standardized assessment instrument. The present study extended the validity research to a statewide accountability assessment. A diverse sample of 146 sixth-grade students from a rural middle school were administered three vocabulary-matching probes and the sixth-grade iLEAP (integrated Louisiana Educational Achievement Program) social studies criterion-referenced test at different times. Strong correlations were reported between the two measures. Moreover, vocabulary-matching achievement patterns with respect to gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and exceptionality status were similar to those of the iLEAP. Alternate-form reliability correlations between the three probes were also strong. Research implications, limitations, and future directions are discussed.
The Effect of Pretrial Detention on Sentencing in Two Federal Districts

While a substantial body of research indicates that legal variables, such as offense severity and criminal history, principally shape sentencing decisions, other studies demonstrate that extralegal factors such as race, gender, and age influence sentencing outcomes, as well. The handful of studies focusing upon the effect of pretrial detention/release on sentencing outcomes indicate that pretrial detention is associated with greater lengths of incarceration. This study—the first to empirically examine the sentencing consequences of pretrial detention in the United States federal courts—employed a sample of 1,723 cases from two district courts (New Jersey and Pennsylvania Eastern). Pretrial detention and, to a lesser degree, revocation of granted pretrial supervision were associated with increased prison sentences; on the other hand, successfully completing a term of pretrial services supervision was associated with shorter sentence length. Implications for the federal criminal justice system are discussed.