Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Pvs for Requirements Analysis of an Access Control

This paper presents a case study in which a theorem prover has been used for requirements analysis of an existing industrial application. Based on the insights gained in the rst step of a larger project, formally specifying an entire Access Control supported, by the IFAD toolbox, a core concept-believed to be error-prone-is analyzed by identifying and proving safety-and liveness properties. Major inconsistencies and ambiguities have been found, as illustrated by precise gures and examples. Both the formal PVS speciication and the requirements are given in detail. Finally, analysis as part of the overall (formal) development process is discussed. It is shown how tools like VDM and PVS can be integrated eeciently.
The generation of monoclonal antibodies in mice: influence of adjuvants on the immune response, fusion efficiency and distress

The objective of this study was to find a reliable alternative to Freund's adjuvant in order to reduce the distress imposed on the animals without impairing the fusion efficiency for immune-positive clones. For this purpose several commercially available adjuvants and adjuvant formulations representing different classes of molecules were compared. Humoral responses and animals' distress evaluated by clinical assessment and histopathological examinations were investigated and compared to fusion efficiencies. In a first set of experiments seven adjuvants were tested essentially to determine their potential to induce distress. Poly(A). poly(U) and GERBU were selected for further investigations due to their low overall toxicity. They were combined with five different antigens and compared to the classic Freund's adjuvant system (CFA/IFA) and to control immunizations without adjuvant. The results showed that adjuvants of very low toxicity could induce a high fusion efficiency. According to a standardized immunization protocol, GERBU induced polyclonal titres similar to Freund's whereas animals treated with poly(A). poly(U) did not attain titres higher than mice immunized with antigen in saline. Poly(A). poly(U) however, exhibited the best fusion efficiency, Freund and GERBU were slightly less efficient. Therefore poly(A). poly(U) and GERBU may serve as valuable alternatives to Freund's adjuvant for generating monoclonal antibodies. Furthermore, these two adjuvants are very easy to use.
A new stochastic process to model Heart Rate series during exhaustive run and an estimator of its fractality parameter

In order to interpret and explain the physiological signal behaviors, it can be interesting to find some constants among the fluctuations of these data during all the effort or during different stages of the race (which can be detected using a change points detection method). Several recent papers have proposed the long-range dependence (Hurst) parameter as such a constant. However, their results induce two main problems. Firstly, DFA method is usually applied for estimating this parameter. Clearly, such a method does not provide the most efficient estimator and moreover it is not at all robust even in the case of smooth trends. Secondly, this method often gives estimated Hurst parameters larger than 1, which is the larger possible value for long memory stationary processes. In this article we propose solutions for both these problems and we define a new model allowing such estimated parameters.
Design of adaptive fuzzy sliding-mode PI control for full-bridge inverters

An effective method, adaptive fuzzy sliding-mode (SM) PI Control to design full-bridge inverter is proposed in this paper. For practical applications, sliding mode control (SMC) with chattering phenomenon is a large hindrance. The modified model of the PI controller is built by the plant extension scheme, in order to relieve the chattering. Also, the fuzzy logic is applied to find the appropriate parameter values of the PI controller, and can adapt to plant parameter variations and external load disturbances. The proposed method has been realized for the actual full-bridge inverters controlled by DSP and CPLD. Simulation and experimental results of the closed-loop system show that the proposed method yields system performance improvement, such as low total harmonic distortion (THD), fast dynamic response, reduced steady-state error, and reduced chattering.
Jointly Discovering Fine-grained and Coarse-grained Sentiments via Topic Modeling

The ever-increasing user-generated contents in social media and other web services make it highly desirable to discover opinions of users on all kinds of topics. Motivated by the assumption that individual word and paragraph in documents will deliver fine-grained (e.g., "laudatory", "annoyed" or "boring") and coarse-grained (e.g., positive, negative or neutral) sentiments about certain topics respectively, this paper focuses on a deeper thematic level to jointly disentangle fine-grained and coarse-grained opinions towards topics in terms of sentiment analysis, named as LDA with multi-grained sentiments (MgS-LDA). As a result, the proposed MgS-LDA not only discovers the topics in social media, but also identifies opinions about a given topic in terms of fine-grained and coarse-grained sentiment. Results of several experiments show that our proposed MgS-LDA achieves better performance on both sentimental classification and topic modeling than related methods.
In mice, proteinuria and renal inflammatory responses to albumin overload are strain-dependent.

BACKGROUND The availability of genetically modified mice has increased the need for relevant mouse models of renal disease, but widely used C57BL/6 mice often show resistance to proteinuria. 129/Sv mice are considered more sensitive to certain renal models. Albumin overload, an important model of proteinuric disease, induces marked proteinuria in rats but barely in C57BL/6 mice. We hypothesized that albumin overload would induce more proteinuria in 129S2/Sv than C57BL/6J mice. METHODS Male and female C57BL/6J and 129S2/Sv mice received bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 11 days. Control groups received saline injections. Injected BSA was immunohistochemically localized to study intrarenal handling of overloaded protein. Renal macrophage infiltration (F4/80 immuno-staining) and glomerular ultrastructure (electron microscopy) were assessed. RESULTS The BSA-treated groups were similarly hyperproteinemic at Day 11 (D11). Proteinuria differed widely. In C57BL/6J mice, it remained unchanged in females but significantly, though mildly, increased in males (from 3+/-1 to 8+/-2 mg/day, P < 0.05). In 129S2/Sv, proteinuria was marked in both males and females (4+/-1 to 59+/-14, and 0.6+/-0.2 to 29+/-9 mg/day, respectively, both P < 0.01). Proteinuria was accompanied by tubulo-interstitial macrophage infiltration in 129S2/Sv mice. Injected BSA was visualized within glomeruli in both strains and in the urinary space and tubules of 129S2/Sv but not C57BL/6J mice, indicating much greater glomerular leakage in the former. No glomerular macrophages or ultra-structural differences were detected. CONCLUSION There are major strain differences in the proteinuria and renal inflammatory response of mice to albumin overload, which are not due to structural variation in the filtration barrier but possibly to functional differences in glomerular protein permeability.
Information interaction: Providing a framework for information architecture

Information interaction is the process that people use in interacting with the content of an information system. Information architecture is a blueprint and navigational aid to the content of information-rich systems. As such information architecture performs an important supporting role in information interactivity. This article elaborates on a model of information interactivity that crosses the "no-man's land" between user and computer articulating a model that includes user, content and system, illustrating the context for information architecture.
Comparison of Soft Tissue Cephalometric Norms between Turkish and European-American Adults

One of the most important components of orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning is the evaluation of the patient's soft tissue profile. The main purpose of this study was to develop soft-tissue cephalometric standards for Turkish men and women and compare them with the cephalometric standards of normal European-American white people. The sample included 96 Turkish adults (48 women, 48 men), aged 20 to 27 years. Turkish subjects have increased facial convexity associated with retruded mandible, more obtuse lower face-throat angle, increased nasolabial angle and upper lip protrusion, deeper mentolabial sulcus, and smaller interlabial gap compared with European-American white people. It is appropriate to consider these differences during routine diagnosis and treatment planning of a Turkish patient or an American patient of European ancestry. Turkish males reveal more obtuse mandibular prognathism and upper lip protrusion, and smaller nasolabial angle than females.
A quantitative MR study of the hippocampal formation, the amygdala, and the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle in healthy subjects 40 to 90 years of age.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Several investigators have defined normal age-specific values for the medial temporal lobe structures in neurologically normal elderly subjects, but, to our knowledge, no one has reported those values for a large sample of healthy volunteers. The purpose of our study was to define normal age-specific values for the hippocampal formation, the amygdala, and the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle by age group, ranging from 40 to 90 years, in order to generate a guideline for the quantitative MR diagnosis and differential diagnosis for early Alzheimer disease. METHODS MR-based volumetric measurements of the hippocampal formation, the amygdala, and the temporal horn, standardized by total intracranial volume, were obtained from oblique coronal and sagittal T1-weighted MR images in 619 healthy volunteers and two cadaveric specimens. RESULTS Differences in standardized volumes of the hippocampal formation, the amygdala, and the temporal horn were significant among the 61- to 70-year-old, 71- to 80-year-old, and 81- to 90-year-old groups, and were not significant between the 40- to 50-year-old and 51- to 60-year-old groups. We found no significant differences in side or sex among the age groups for any of the structures. CONCLUSION Differences in the mean value and in the 95% normal range of standardized volumes of the hippocampal formation, the amygdala, and the temporal horn correspond to differences in age among healthy subjects; therefore, age should be considered a factor in correlative research, especially in that involving patients in the early stages of Alzheimer disease.
Market Microstructure Effects on Firm Default Risk Evaluation

Default probability is a fundamental variable determining the credit worthiness of a firm and equity volatility estimation plays a key role in its evaluation. Assuming a structural credit risk modeling approach, we study the impact of choosing different non parametric equity volatility estimators on default probability evaluation, when market microstructure noise is considered. A general stochastic volatility framework with jumps for the underlying asset dynamics is defined inside a Merton-like structural model. To estimate the volatility risk component of a firm we use high-frequency equity data: market microstructure noise is introduced as a direct effect of observing noisy high-frequency equity prices. A Monte Carlo simulation analysis is conducted to (i) test the performance of alternative non-parametric equity volatility estimators in their capability of filtering out the microstructure noise and backing out the true unobservable asset volatility; (ii) study the effects of different non-parametric estimation techniques on default probability evaluation. The impact of the non-parametric volatility estimators on risk evaluation is not negligible: a sensitivity analysis defined for alternative values of the leverage parameter and average jumps size reveals that the characteristics of the dataset are crucial to determine which is the proper estimator to consider from a credit risk perspective.
RAIDframe : rapid prototyping for disk arrays 1

redundant disk array architectures. Unfortunately, using the traditional manual firmware-design approach employed by storage system designers, implementing control software for these redundant disk array architectures has led to long product-development times, yielded uncertain product reliability, and inhibited designers from exploring the benefits of new architectures. What is needed is array prototyping technology that makes it easier to experiment with design changes while also making it easier to ensure correct functioning of these changes.
The Institutional Effect on E-learning in Hong Kong

The institutional effect is used to explain and predict MBA students ' decisions to adopt e-learning in their studies. A composite model including four constructs, namely, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, sense of popularity and convenience, were formed and tested in the empirical study. This study found that "normatively appropriate " and "taken-for- granted structure" of institutions were the most important principles for adult students when making e- learning decisions.
Engaged work teams in healthy companies: drivers, processes, and outcomes of team work engagement

EnglishThis PhD thesis analyses work engagement in the context of work teams taking a collective, psychosocial perspective. Throughout this thesis, the following topics will be addressed: 1) the state-of-the-art in the topic of team work engagement, 2) the measurement of team work engagement, 3) the association of team work engagement with other relevant individual-level constructs and how it fits in traditional research models in the field of Positive Occupational Health Psychology, 4) the antecedents and consequences of team work engagement at the team level of analysis, 5) the antecedents of team work engagement at the organizational level of analysis and the development of a multilevel model of work engagement that contributes to a broader understanding of the construct, and 6) discussion of the knowledge achieved throughout this PhD thesis. catalaAquesta tesi doctoral explora i analitza la vinculacio psicologica amb el treball dins d'equips de treball (o team work engagement, en angles). Pren, per tant, una perspectiva col·lectiva cap al fenomen que havia mancat fins ara. Al llarg de la tesi, fonamentada dins el camp de la Psicologia Ocupacional Positiva, s'adreca: 1) la literatura cientifica coneguda fins al moment, 2) la mesura del team work engagement, 3) la relacio amb constructes de caire individual i el seu encaix amb models tradicionals d’investigacio en Psicologia de la Salut Ocupacional Positiva, 4) els antecedents i consequencies a nivell d’equip de treball, 5) els precursors de nivell superior, es a dir, de nivell organitzacional aixi com la creacio d’un model multinivell que permeta comprendre el fenomen de manera global, i 6) les conclusions derivades d’aquesta tesi doctoral.
Acculturation and Perceived Family Support: Influences on Coping Among Asian American College Students

ii Acknowledgments. iii List of Tables . vii List of Figures . viii Chapter I: Introduction . 1 Research Background . 1 Statement of the Problem and Research Questions . 3 Operational Definitions . 6 Statement of Purpose . 7 Significance of Study . 8 Chapter II: Literature Review . 11 Conceptualization of Acculturation . 11 Acculturation and Coping in the College Environment . 16 Effects of the Domains of Acculturation on Coping . 19 Impact of cultural practices on coping . 19 Impact of cultural values on coping . 21 Impact of cultural identifications on coping . 24 Relations between Acculturation and Family Support . 25 Family Support and Coping . 28 Summary.30
Central limits and financial risk

Systematic model bias has been implicated in the global recession that began in 2007, and this bias can be traced back to assumptions about the normality of data. Nonetheless, the normal distribution continues to play a foundational role in quantitative finance. One reason for this is that the normal often emerges, without prompting, as the distribution of sums or averages of large collections of random variables. Precise statements of this miracle are known as Central Limit Theorems, and they appear throughout the physical and social sciences. In this note, we review some of the most widely-used Central Limit Theorems. Subsequently, we explore the gap between the normal distribution and financial risk. This can be traced to a failure of the financial data to satisfy the assumptions of even the most liberal versions of the Central Limit Theorem.
Complexities in Common Property

In an optimal growth setting, where the only productive asset is a renewable resource which is jointly exploited, it is shown that competitively the resource may be over-used or under-used. The diversion from optimal use arises due to the externality embodied in the jointness of exploitation and would intuit over-use. Surprisingly, under-use has been derived as an equilibrium phenomenon by Dutta and Sundaram [93] when agents strategically interact in a dynamic game. However, as is shown here, strategic interaction is not necessary. The phenomenon of under-use may arise within a perfectly competitive model due to complicated dyamic behavior and when agents are patient relative to the growth of the renewable resource.
A TDC-based front-end for rapid impedance spectroscopy

Impedance spectroscopy (IS) is an important technique for monitoring and detection of biomaterials. In order to enable point-of-care systems, low-cost IS systems capable of rapidly measuring a wide range of biomaterials are required. This paper presents an IS front-end which utilizes a time-to-digital converter (TDC) and a peak detector circuit (PDC) for quick measurement of both impedance phase and magnitude, respectively. Designed in a 0. 18μm CMOS process, the front-end is capable of performing impedance measurements in 6μs at frequencies ranging from 100Hz-10MHz and with a 100Ω-1MΩ dynamic range. Simulation results with cell impedance models show that the system achieves <;2.5% magnitude and <;2.2° phase error. The front-end consumes 28mW total power and occupies 0.4mm2 area.
Acidic pre-conditioning suppresses apoptosis and increases expression of Bcl-xL in coronary endothelial cells under simulated ischaemia

Ischaemic pre‐conditioning has a powerful protective potential against ischaemia‐induced cell death, and acidosis is an important featur of ischaemia and can lead to apoptosis. Here we tested whether pre‐conditioning with acidosis, that is, acidic pre‐conditioning (APC), may protect coronary endothelial cells (EC) against apoptosis induced by simulated ischaemia. For pre‐conditioning, EC were exposed fo 40 min. to acidosis (pH 6.4) followed by a 14‐hrs recovery period (pH 7.4) and finally treated for 2 hrs with simulated ischaemia (glucose‐free anoxia at pH 6.4). Cells undergoing apoptosis were visualized by chromatin staining or by determination of caspase‐3 activit Simulated ischaemia in untreated EC increased caspase‐3 activity and the number of apoptotic cell (31.3 ± 1.3%versus 3.9 ± 0.6% in control). APC significantly reduced the rate of apoptosis (14.2 ± 1.3%) and caspase‐3 activity. Western blot analysis exploring the under lying mechanism leading to this protection revealed suppression of the endoplasmic reticulum‐ (reduced cleavage of caspase‐12) and mitochondria‐mediated (reduced cytochrome C release) pathways of apoptosis. These effects were associated with an over‐expression of the anti‐apoptotic protein Bcl‐xL 14 hrs after APC, whereas no effect on the expression of Bcl‐2, Bax, Bak, procaspase‐12, reticulum‐localized chaperones (GRP78, calreticulin), HSP70, HSP32 and HSP27 could be detected. Knock‐down of Bcl‐xL by siRNA‐treatment prevented the protective effect of APC. In conclusion, short acidic pre‐treatment can protect EC against ischaemic apoptosis. The mechanism of this protection consists of suppression of the endoplasmic reticulum‐ and mitochondria‐mediated pathways. Over‐expression of the anti apoptotic protein Bcl‐xL is responsible for the increased resistance to apoptosis during ischaemic insult.
A promising strategy for overcoming MDR in tumor by magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles co-loaded with daunorubicin and 5-bromotetrandrin

To overcome both the dose-limiting side effects of conventional chemotherapeutic agents and the therapeutic failure resulting from multidrug resistance (MDR) and minimize adverse effects of chemotherapy agents, a novel chemotherapy formulation of magnetic nanoparticles co-loaded with daunorubicin and 5-bromotetrandrin (DNR/BrTet-MNPs) was developed, and its effect on MDR leukemic cells was explored. After the DNR and Br were co-loaded onto a pluronic-stabilized and oleic acid-modified magnetic nanosystem, the physical characteristic and drug-loading capacity were evaluated. The cell toxicity of the self-prepared DNR/BrTet-MNPs formulation was then determined by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay; the cellular uptake of drug was demonstrated by fluorescent microscope. Lastly, the transcription of mdr1 and the expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) were detected by the reverse transcription reaction and western blotting assay, respectively. The results showed that the self-prepared DNR/BrTet-MNPs formulation possessed a sustained release of drug and displayed a dose-dependent antiproliferative activity on MDR leukemia K562/A02 cells. It also enhanced the accumulation of intracellular DNR in K562/A02 cells and downregulated the transcription of the mdr1 gene and the expression of P-gp. These findings suggest that the remarkable effect of the novel DNR/BrTet-MNPs formulation, acting as a drug depot system for the sustained release of the loaded DNR and BrTet, on multidrug resistance leukemia K562/A02 cells would be a promising strategy for overcoming MDR.
Preparing for the future of IT project value realisation: understanding benefits management practices - do incentives and management support really help?

Although organisations continue to make substantial investments in information systems and information technology (IS/IT), the successful realisation of value (i.e. benefits) from such investments has consistently been reported as a major organisational challenge. From a project perspective, this paper examines whether benefits management (BM) practices can be considered a viable approach to achieve such anticipated value. Drawing on a field study conducted by investigating BM practices in 29 organisations as well as the BM literature, we derive a structural equation model that is tested using data collected from 456 individuals. Our data analysis, by means of partial least squares, finds that specific BM competencies positively impact benefits realisation success (BRS). Furthermore, the findings suggest that the development of effective BM competencies are facilitated by an alignment of business and IT processes reflected in the constructs a) business process knowledge, and b) businessIT communication. We also find that incentives negatively influence the positive effect of benefits review practices in realising project benefits. Collectively, the results have important theoretical and practical implications, as they provide quantitative evidence of how IS/IT investments should be managed to successfully realise benefits. We expect our research to spur organisations to instil a shared understanding of how IS/IT relates to the business and vice versa within their project teams, which will intensify BM’s positive effect on BRS.