Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SNAI2/Slug gene is silenced in prostate cancer and regulates neuroendocrine differentiation, metastasis-suppressor and pluripotency gene expression

Prostate Cancer (PCa)-related deaths are mostly due to metastasization of poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas often endowed with neuroendocrine differentiation (NED) areas. The SNAI2/Slug gene is a major regulator of cell migration and tumor metastasization. We here assessed its biological significance in NED, and metastatic potential of PCa. SNAI2 expression was down-regulated in most PCa epithelia, in association with gene promoter methylation, except for cell clusters forming: a. the expansion/invasion front of high-grade PCa, b. NED areas, or c. lymph node metastasis. Knockdown of SNAI2 in PC3 cells down-regulated the expression of neural-tissue-associated adhesion molecules, Neural-Cadherin, Neural-Cadherin-2, Neuronal-Cell-Adhesion-Molecule, and of the NED marker Neuron-Specific Enolase, whereas it abolished Chromogranin-A expression. The metastasis-suppressor genes, Nm23-H1 and KISS1, were up-regulated, while the pluripotency genes SOX2, NOTCH1, CD44v6, WWTR1/TAZ and YAP1 were dramatically down-regulated. Over-expression of SNAI2 in DU145 cells substantiated its ability to regulate metastasis-suppressor, NED and pluripotency genes. In PCa and lymph node metastasis, expression of SOX2 and NOTCH1 was highly related to that of SNAI2. In conclusion, I. SNAI2 silencing in PCa may turn-off the expression of NED markers and pluripotency genes, while turning-on that of specific metastasis-suppressors, II. SNAI2 expression in selected PCa cells, by regulating their self-renewal, NED and metastatic potential, endows them with highly malignant properties. SNAI2 may thus constitute a key target for modern approaches to PCa progression.
Rapid degradation of replication-dependent histone mRNAs largely occurs on mRNAs bound by nuclear cap-binding proteins 80 and 20

The translation of mammalian messenger RNAs (mRNAs) can be driven by either cap-binding proteins 80 and 20 (CBP80/20) or eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF)4E. Although CBP80/20-dependent translation (CT) is known to be coupled to an mRNA surveillance mechanism termed nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), its molecular mechanism and biological role remain obscure. Here, using a yeast two-hybrid screening system, we identify a stem-loop binding protein (SLBP) that binds to a stem-loop structure at the 3′-end of the replication-dependent histone mRNA as a CT initiation factor (CTIF)-interacting protein. SLBP preferentially associates with the CT complex of histone mRNAs, but not with the eIF4E-depedent translation (ET) complex. Several lines of evidence indicate that rapid degradation of histone mRNA on the inhibition of DNA replication largely takes place during CT and not ET, which has been previously unappreciated. Furthermore, the ratio of CBP80/20-bound histone mRNA to eIF4E-bound histone mRNA is larger than the ratio of CBP80/20-bound polyadenylated β-actin or eEF2 mRNA to eIF4E-bound polyadenylated β-actin or eEF2 mRNA, respectively. The collective findings suggest that mRNAs harboring a different 3′-end use a different mechanism of translation initiation, expanding the repertoire of CT as a step for determining the fate of histone mRNAs.
Heart arrhythmia detection using continuous wavelet transform and principal component analysis with neural network classifier

The aim of this study is to develop an algorithm to detect and classify six types of electrocardiogram (ECG) signal beats including normal beats (N), atrial premature beats (A), right bundle branch block beats (R), left bundle branch block beats (L), paced beats (P), and premature ventricular contraction beats (PVC or V) using a neural network classifier. In order to prepare an appropriate input vector for the neural classifier several pre-processing stages have been applied. Continuous wavelet transform (CWT) has been applied in order to extract features from the ECG signal. Moreover, Principal component analysis (PCA) is used to reduce the size of the data. Finally, the MIT-BIH database is used to evaluate the proposed algorithm, resulting in 99.5% sensitivity (Se), 99.66% positive predictive accuracy (PPA) and 99.17% total accuracy (TA).
Antitumor Immunity Differentiation Antigens and Enhances Tolerance/Ignorance to Melanoma Family Related Gene Activation Overcomes Glucocorticoid-Induced TNF Receptor

Glucocorticoid-induced TNF receptor family related protein (GITR) is present on many different cell types. Previous studies have shown that in vivo administration of an anti-GITR agonist mAb (DTA-1) inhibits regulatory T cells (Treg)-dependent suppression and enhances T cell responses. In this study, we show that administration of DTA-1 induces > 85% tumor rejection in mice challenged with B16 melanoma. Rejection requires CD4 (cid:1) , CD8 (cid:1) , and NK1.1 (cid:1) cells and is dependent on IFN- (cid:2) and Fas ligand and independent of perforin. Depletion of Treg via anti-CD25 treatment does not induce B16 rejection, whereas 100% of the mice depleted of CD25 (cid:1) cells and treated with DTA-1 reject tumors, indicating a predominant role of GITR on effector T cell costimulation rather than on Treg modulation. T cells isolated from DTA-1-treated mice challenged with B16 are speciﬁc against B16 and several melanoma differentiation Ags. These mice develop memory against B16, and a small proportion of them develop mild hypopigmentation. Consistent with previous studies showing that GITR stimulation increases Treg proliferation in vitro, we found in our model that GITR stimulation expanded the absolute number of FoxP3 (cid:1) cells in vivo. Thus, we conclude that overall, GITR stimulation overcomes self-tolerance/ignorance and enhances T cell-mediated antitumor activity with minimal autoimmunity. The Journal of Immunology, 2006, 176: 6434–6442.
The Protecting Effects and Mechanisms of Baicalin and Octreotide on Heart Injury in Rats with SAP

Purpose. To observe the protecting effects and mechanisms of Baicalin and Octreotide on heart injury in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods. The SAP rat models were randomly divided into the model group, Baicalin-treated group, Octreotide treated group, and sham operation group. The contents of some inflammatory indexes in blood were determined. The rat mortality, pathological changes of heart, the changes of NF-κB, P-Selectin, Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 protein expression levels as well as apoptotic index were observed in all groups, respectively, at 3 hours, 6 hours, and 12 hours after operation. Results. The survival rate of model group was less than treated groups at 12 hours, difference was significant. The contents of some inflammatory indexes of the treated groups were lower than those of the model group to various degrees at different time points. The pathological myocardial changes under light microscope were milder in treated groups than in model group. The changes of NF-κB, P-Selectin, Bax, Bcl-2, and Caspase-3 protein expression levels in all groups were different. There was only a case of myocardial cell apoptosis in an Octreotide-treated group at 6 hours. Conclusion. Baicalin and Octreotide have protecting effects on heart injury of rats with SAP.
GMM Estimator: An Application to Intraindustry Trade

This paper investigates the determinants of intraindustry trade (IIT), horizontal IIT (HIIT), and Vertical IIT (VIIT) in the automobile industry in Portugal. The trade in this sector between Portugal and the European Union (EU-27) was examined, between 1995 and 2008, using a dynamic panel data. We apply the GMM system to solve the problems of serial correlation and the endogeneity of some explanatory variables. The findings are consistent with the literature. The difference between per capita incomes and factor endowments present a positive sign. These results are according to Heckscher-Ohlin predictions. The economic dimension has a positive impact on trade. A negative effect of the distance on bilateral trade was expected and the results confirm this, underlining the importance of neighbour partnerships for all trade.
Verification of Atiyah's conjecture for some nonplanar configurations with dihedral symmetry

To an ordered TV-tuple of distinct points in the three-dimensional Euclidean space, Atiyah has associated an ordered TV-tuple of complex homogeneous polynomials in two variables of degree N - 1, each determined only up to a scalar factor. He has conjectured that these polynomials are linearly independent. In this note it is shown that Atiyah's conjecture is true if m of the points are on a line L and the remaining n = N - m points are the vertices of a regular n-gon whose plane is perpendicular to L and whose centroid lies on L.
The N170 Shows Differential Repetition Effects for Faces, Objects, and Orthographic Stimuli

Previous event-related potentials research has suggested that the N170 component has a larger amplitude to faces and words than to other stimuli, but it remains unclear whether it indexes the same cognitive processes for faces and for words. The present study investigated how category-level repetition effects on the N170 differ across stimulus categories. Faces, cars, words, and non-words were presented in homogeneous (1 category) or mixed blocks (2 intermixed categories). We found a significant repetition effect of N170 amplitude for successively presented faces and cars (in homogeneous blocks), but not for words and unpronounceable consonant strings, suggesting that the N170 indexes different underlying cognitive processes for objects (including faces) and orthographic stimuli. The N170 amplitude was significantly smaller when multiple faces or multiple cars were presented in a row than when these stimuli were preceded by a stimulus of a different category. Moreover, the large N170 repetition effect for faces may be important to consider when comparing the relative N170 amplitude for different stimulus categories. Indeed, a larger N170 deflection for faces than for other stimulus categories was observed only when stimuli were preceded by a stimulus of a different category (in mixed blocks), suggesting that an enhanced N170 to faces may be more reliably observed when faces are presented within the context of some non-face stimuli.
On the shape of a D-brane bound state and its topology change

As is well known, coordinates of D-branes are described by NxN matrices. From generic non-commuting matrices, it is difficult to extract physics, for example, the shape of the distribution of positions of D-branes. To overcome this problem, we generalize and elaborate on a simple prescription, first introduced by Hotta, Nishimura and Tsuchiya, which determines the most appropriate gauge to make the separation between diagonal components (D-brane positions) and off-diagonal components. This prescription makes it possible to extract the distribution of D-branes directly from matrices. We verify the power of it by applying it to Monte-Carlo simulations for various lower dimensional Yang-Mills matrix models. In particular, we detect the topology change of the D-brane bound state for a phase transition of a matrix model; the existence of this phase transition is expected from the gauge/gravity duality, and the pattern of the topology change is strikingly similar to the counterpart in the gravity side, the black hole/black string transition. We also propose a criterion, based on the behavior of the off-diagonal components, which determines when our prescription gives a sensible definition of D-brane positions. We provide numerical evidence that our criterion is satisfied for the typical distance between D-branes. For a supersymmetric model, positions of D-branes can be defined even at a shorter distance scale. The behavior of off-diagonal elements found in this analysis gives some support for previous studies of D-brane bound states.
Planning Complex Processes for Autonomous Vehicles by Means of Genetic Algorithms

Autonomous robots are becoming an increasingly important tool for military, space exploration, and civilian applications. A key requirement for controlling mobile autonomous robots is the ability to express vehicle activity models as complex processes. This work presents PGen[1]; a generative activity planner that translates intended state evolution to an action plan. PGen supports generative planning with complex processes via three main features. First, PGen goal plans and activity models are encoded using Reactive Model-based Programming Language (RMPL). Second, PGen represents goal plans, plan operators and plan candidates with a uniform representation called Temporal Plan Networks (TPN). Finally, PGen uses Genetic Algorithms as a novel approach for TPN-based planning. PGen has been successfully implemented and tested, simulation results are very promising. 1 Reactive Model-based Programming Language Model-based programming languages help model the relationships between various robot states by incorporating features such as concurrency, metric constraints and durations, functionally redundant choice, contingencies, and synchronization. RMPL is a rich language for describing activity models of autonomous reactive systems. Designed to help complexity, RMPL is object-oriented and supports high-level programming features such as abstraction, encapsulation, and inheritance. RMPL is a process algebra that enables programmers to easily encode arbitrarily complex activity models and mission control programs[4][11]. 2 Temporal Plan Networks RMPL allows a programmer to specify complex processes in terms of an easy representation that defines the evolution of state variables. To enable fast planning, RMPL programs are converted into equivalent graph structures called Temporal Plan Networks (TPN). TPN are useful in that they compactly encode the space of possible state evolutions expressed by an RMPL program. TPNs are collections of events and episodes representing processes that may have their own sub-goals. An episode can have a Primitive Activity (PA), a Non-Primitive Activity (NPA), a state query (ASK) and a state assertion (TELL). A PA is a simple activity that is not composed of any further activities. An NPA is an activity that is composed of further events, episodes and PAs. An ASK is a request that a particular assignment is being achieved for some period of time, so it represents open conditions that need to be satisfied. A TELL is an assertion that a particular assignment is already achieved for some period of time. Once a program has been converted to a TPN, it can be processed using efficient network algorithms to perform search, scheduling, etc[7].
Psychology Research and Behavior Management Dovepress

you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms How do laboratory technicians perceive their role in the tuberculosis diagnostic process? A cross-sectional study among laboratory technicians in health centers of Central Java Province, Indonesia Purpose: Detection of acid-fast bacilli in respiratory specimens serves as an initial pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis. Laboratories are the essential and fundamental part of all health systems. This study aimed to describe how laboratory technicians perceived their own self and work. This included perceived self-efficacy, perceived role, perceived equipment availability, perceived procedures, perceived reward and job, and perceived benefit of health education, as well as level of knowledge and attitudes related to work performance of laboratory technicians. Methods: This was a cross-sectional quantitative study involving 120 laboratory technicians conducted in Central Java. Interviews and observation were conducted to measure performance and work-related variables. Results: Among 120 laboratory technicians, 43.3% showed fairly good performance. They complied with 50%–75% of all procedures, including sputum collection, laboratory tools utilization , sputum smearing, staining, smear examination, grading of results, and universal precaution practice. Perceived role, perceived self-efficacy, and knowledge of laboratory procedures were significantly correlated to performance, besides education and years of working as a laboratory technician. Perceived equipment availability was also significantly correlated to performance after the education variable was controlled. Conclusion: Most of the laboratory technicians believed that they have an important role in TB patients' treatment and should display proper self-efficacy in performing laboratory activities. The result may serve as a basic consideration to develop a policy for enhancing motivation of laboratory technicians in order to improve the TB control program.
Generic substitution: issues for problematic drugs.

The methodology and criteria for bioequivalence testing have been firmly established by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). For certain drugs with a narrow therapeutic index (e.g., digoxin, levothyroxine, warfarin), generic substitution may not be advisable or even allowable, depending on the substitution laws of individual states. Digoxin and levothyroxine tablets are examples of drugs for which no New Drug Applications (NDAs) currently exist. However, commercially available generic products for both of these drugs have not been determined by the FDA to be therapeutically equivalent to the innovator products. Generic versions of warfarin have been approved by the FDA as being therapeutically equivalent to the innovator products, as have generic versions of the rescue inhaler albuterol. Yet, misinformation and myths persist regarding the adequacy and proven reliability of the FDA's determination of bioequivalence for these products.
Analysis of Nigeria's Nomadic Education Policy

The dilemma of female nomadic education within Nigeria's policies and politics inspired this study. The focus on nomadic Fulbe women questions the extent of their gains towards equal educational opportunities within developmental social policies such as education since the inception of the Nomadic Education policy in 1986. The purpose of the study was, within a gender lens, to investigate and provide insights into the implementation and outcomes of the education policy for the social and economic development of nomadic women and girls. Based on an ethnographic feminist approach, data for the study were collected at nine Fulbe encampments using interviews (focus and individual), observation, documentary sources, video and photographs. The data highlighted issues and information on the causes and course of the policy implementation from all the participants involved. First, the thematic analysis explored the role and expectations of policy makers, women and girls, teachers and the curriculum in relation to the relevance, expectations, implementation and outcomes of the policy. Then a policy analysis guided by traditional social and political policy approaches were undertaken.
Load-Balanced Cluster-Based Cooperative MIMO Transmission for Wireless Sensor Networks

Remote environmental surveillance by massively deployed tiny wireless sensors requires energy efficient communication and network protocols so as to prolong the network lifetime. A load-balanced cluster-based cooperative MIMO (multiple-in-multiple-out) transmission scheme for such wireless sensor networks is proposed, taking imperfect data aggregation into consideration. In this scheme, a two-layer hierarchy is formed by clustering, and the cluster heads perform local data aggregation, balance communication loads and transmit data back to the base station using cooperative MIMO techniques. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme can distribute the energy dissipation more evenly throughout the network and achieve higher energy efficiency, which leads to a longer network life span compared with other traditional schemes.
An Adaptation Study of Measurement Properties for the Characteristics of Resilience in Sports Team Inventory

This multi-study paper reports the translation process and the validity and reliability analysis of the Characteristics of Resilience in Sports Teams Inventory (CREST) for the use of Turkish population. In three related studies, 414 team sports athletes from Turkey were sampled. We adopted Beaton et al.’s (2000) methodology for the translation of self-report measures for cross-cultural adaption studies. The first study provided content validity for an initial item set as the preliminary study. The second study explored the factor analysis of the CREST structure. The third study explored re-testing of the explored structure in a different set of participants and criterion-related validity provided. The analysis of Study 1 revealed that the items were understood by the participants and ready for application for the general Turkish population. The exploratory factor analysis in the Study 2 revealed that the CREST had two sub-dimensions as it was in the original inventory. The Cronbach’s alpha values for the dimensions of demonstrating resilience characteristics and vulnerabilities shown under pressure were 0.94 and 0.90, respectively. The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin value was 0.94. The confirmatory factor analysis in the third study showed that the structure of the inventory was confirmed in another sports context. Accordingly, the CREST is a valid and reliable tool for use by Turkish athletes and to measure team resilience that is one of the critical determinants of team performance. Further understanding of team resilience as a process can be gain by using the CREST, especially in future process-oriented research for team sports.
Dyadic structure theorems for multiparameter function spaces

We prove that the multiparameter (product) space BMO of functions of bounded mean oscillation can be written as the intersection of finitely many dyadic product BMO spaces, with equivalent norms, generalizing the one-parameter result of T. Mei. We establish the analogous dyadic structure theorems for the space VMO of functions of vanishing mean oscillation, for Ap weights, for reverse-Holder weights and for doubling weights. We survey several definitions of VMO and prove their equivalences, in the continuous, dyadic, one-parameter and product cases. In particular, we introduce the space of dyadic product VMO functions. We show that the weighted product Hardy space Hω1 is the sum of finitely many translates of dyadic weighted H1ω, for each A∞ weight ω, and that the weighted strong maximal function is pointwise comparable to the sum of finitely many dyadic weighted strong maximal functions, for each doubling weight ω. Our results hold in both the compact and non-compact cases.