Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Meta‐analysis of few small studies in orphan diseases

Meta‐analyses in orphan diseases and small populations generally face particular problems, including small numbers of studies, small study sizes and heterogeneity of results. However, the heterogeneity is difficult to estimate if only very few studies are included. Motivated by a systematic review in immunosuppression following liver transplantation in children, we investigate the properties of a range of commonly used frequentist and Bayesian procedures in simulation studies. Furthermore, the consequences for interval estimation of the common treatment effect in random‐effects meta‐analysis are assessed. The Bayesian credibility intervals using weakly informative priors for the between‐trial heterogeneity exhibited coverage probabilities in excess of the nominal level for a range of scenarios considered. However, they tended to be shorter than those obtained by the Knapp–Hartung method, which were also conservative. In contrast, methods based on normal quantiles exhibited coverages well below the nominal levels in many scenarios. With very few studies, the performance of the Bayesian credibility intervals is of course sensitive to the specification of the prior for the between‐trial heterogeneity. In conclusion, the use of weakly informative priors as exemplified by half‐normal priors (with a scale of 0.5 or 1.0) for log odds ratios is recommended for applications in rare diseases. © 2016 The Authors. Research Synthesis Methods published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
“Do you have any Idea who you Just Hired?!?” A Study of Open and Closeted Sexual Minority K–12 Administrators

In this exploratory, qualitative study, we considered in-depth interviews with two female and two male European American school leaders, one of each gender who were “closeted” in their sexuality and one of each who were “open. ” Foucault's sovereign and disciplinary power and normalization conceptually framed the study. Their fear of disclosure resulted in reproducing heteronormative power. At the same time, all four used their sovereign power to take a stand against homophobia in their settings, though the explicitly out principal took much more direct action than the closeted leaders.
Automatic ranking of clones for refactoring through mining association rules

In this paper, we present an in-depth empirical study on identifying clone fragments that can be important refactoring candidates. We mine association rules among clones in order to detect clone fragments that belong to the same clone class and have a tendency of changing together during software evolution. The idea is that if two or more clone fragments from the same class often change together (i.e., are likely to co-change) preserving their similarity, they might be important candidates for refactoring. Merging such clones into one (if possible) can potentially decrease future clone maintenance effort. We define a particular clone change pattern, the Similarity Preserving Change Pattern (SPCP), and consider the cloned fragments that changed according to this pattern (i.e., the SPCP clones) as important candidates for refactoring. For the purpose of our study, we implement a prototype tool called MARC that identifies SPCP clones and mines association rules among these. The rules as well as the SPCP clones are ranked for refactoring on the basis of their change-proneness. We applied MARC on thirteen subject systems and retrieved the refactoring candidates for three types of clones (Type 1, Type 2, and Type 3) separately. Our experimental results show that SPCP clones can be considered important candidates for refactoring. Clones that do not follow SPCP either evolve independently or are rarely changed. By considering SPCP clones for refactoring we not only can minimize refactoring effort considerably but also can reduce the possibility of delayed synchronizations among clones and thus, can minimize inconsistencies in software systems.
Bioinformatics and Handwriting/Speech Reconition: Uncoventional Applications of Similarity Search Tools

This work introduces two unconventional applications for sequence alignment algorithms outside the domain of bioinformatics: handwriting recognition and speech recognition. In each application we treated data samples, such as the path of a handwritten pen stroke, as a protein sequence and use the FastA sequence alignment tool to classify unknown data samples, such as a written character. That is, we handle the handwriting and speech recognition problems like the protein annotation problem: given a sequence of unknown function, we annotate the sequence via sequence alignment. This approach achieves classification rates of 99.65% and 93.84% for the handwriting and speech recognition respectively. In addition, we provide a framework for applying sequence alignment to a variety of other non‐traditional problems.
Seeing Fearful Body Language Overcomes Attentional Deficits in Patients with Neglect

Survival depends to some extent on the ability to detect salient signals and prepare an appropriate response even when attention is engaged elsewhere. Fearful body language is a salient signal of imminent danger, easily observable from a distance and indicating to the observer which adaptive action to prepare for. Here we investigated for the first time whether fearful body language modulates the spatial distribution of attention and enhances visual awareness in neurological patients with severe attentional disorders. Patients with visual extinction and hemispatial neglect following right parietal injury have a rightward attentional bias accompanied by loss of awareness for contralesional left stimuli, especially when competing stimuli appear to the right. Three such patients were tested with pictures of fearful, happy, and neutral bodily expressions briefly presented either unilaterally in the left or right visual field, or to both fields simultaneously. On bilateral trials, unattended and task-irrelevant fearful bodily expressions modulated attentional selection and visual awareness. Fearful bodily expressions presented in the contralesional unattended visual field simultaneously with neutral bodies in the ipsilesional field were detected more often than left-side neutral or happy bodies. This demonstrates that despite pathological inattention and parietal damage, emotion and action-related information in fearful body language may be extracted automatically, biasing attentional selection and visual awareness. Our findings open new perspectives on the role of bodily expressions in attentional selection and suggest that a neural network in intact fronto-limbic and visual areas may still mediate reorienting of attention and preparation for action upon perceiving fear in others.
Reexamination on Potential for Personalization in Web Search

Various strategies have been proposed to enhance web search through utilizing individual user information. However, considering the well acknowledged recurring queries and repetitive clicks among users, it is still an open issue whether using individual user information is a proper direction of efforts in improving the web search. In this paper, we first quantitatively demonstrate that individual user information is more beneficial than common user information. Then we statistically compare the benefit of individual and common user information through Kappa statistic. Finally, we calculate potential for personalization to present an overview of what queries can benefit more from individual user information. All these analyses are conducted on both English AOL log and Chinese Sogou log, and a bilingual perspective statistics consistently confirms our findings.
Perfectionism and the role of self-esteem

Perfectionism and the Role of Self-Esteem by Marcus T. LaSota Dr. Mark R. Floyd, Examination Committee Chair Assistant Professor of Psychology University of Nevada, Las Vegas Over the past two decades, researeh interest has peaked in the speeific study of perfectionism as a trait and risk factor for psychopathology, namely depression. This current study hypothesized that perfeetionism’s impact on an individual’s mental health is mediated by that individual’s feelings of self-esteem. Research by Preusser, Rice, and Ashby (1994) and Rice, Ashby, and Slaney (1998) have noted evidence for this mediational relationship of self-esteem between perfectionism and depression. Using a sample of 189 undergraduate student volunteers (64 men and 125 women), results indicated that self-esteem was a significant mediator in the relationships between maladaptive perfectionism and depression, as well as anxiety and general distress. In relation to adaptive perfectionism, self-esteem was not a significant mediator, but may serve as a protective factor against adverse mental health outcomes. Thus, self-esteem appears to represent a critical determinant of perfectionism-related distress.
Clinical Interventions in Aging Dovepress Efficacy and Safety Outcomes of Fractional Flow Reserve in Guiding Clinical Therapy of Non-st- Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction Compared with Angiography Alone in Elderly Chinese Patients

hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms Objective: Fractional flow reserve (FFR) is an innovative method for evaluating the physiological significance of a coronary stenosis, but its validity is less certain in patients with non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI). It is important to assess whether FFR is effective and safe in patients, especially elderly Chinese patients, with NSTEMI. As the first one in China, the purpose of this study was to establish the efficacy and safety outcomes of FFR in guiding clinical therapy of NSTEMI compared with angiography alone in elderly Chinese patients. Patients and methods: This prospective randomized controlled study included 220 patients with NSTEMI older than 65 years. Patients were assigned in a ratio of 1:1 to the FFR-guided group and the angiography-guided group, and their outcomes were evaluated after 1 year of follow-up. Results: The mean age of the patients was 70±3.6 years, and 69.6% were men. Baseline characteristics of the patients had no differences between the two groups (P.0.05 for all). No differences in adverse events, including major adverse cardiovascular event, major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular event, cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, heart failure, stroke, transient ischemic attack, all-cause mortality, contrast nephropathy, and major bleeding, was observed between the two groups during the follow-up (P.0.05 for all). The number of patients receiving medical therapy alone in the FFR-guided group was significantly more than that in the angiography-guided group (P,0.05). Conclusion: Compared with angiography-guided standard therapy, FFR reduced the application of percutaneous coronary intervention and obtained similar outcomes, demonstrating that FFR was effective and safe in guiding clinical therapy of NSTEMI in elderly Chinese patients.
Frequency Control of Motor Patterning by Negative Sensory Feedback

The sensory system plays a key role in the generation of behavior by providing the nervous system with information about the environment and feedback about body movements such that motor output can continuously be adapted to changing circumstances. Although the effects of sensory organs on nervous system function have been demonstrated in many systems, the impact of sensory activity has rarely been studied in conditions in which motor output and sensory activity can interact as they do in behaving animals. In such situations, emergent properties may surface and govern the characteristics of the motor system. We studied the dynamics of sensorimotor interaction with a combination of electrophysiological experiments and computational modeling in the locust flight pattern generator, including its sensory components. The locust flight motor output is produced by a central pattern generator that interacts with phasic sensory feedback from the tegula, a proprioceptor that signals downstroke movement of the wing. We modeled the flight control system, and we tested the model predictions by replacing tegula feedback in the animal with artificial feedback through computer-controlled electric stimulation of the appropriate sensory nerves. With reference to the cycle frequency in the locust flight rhythm, our results show that motor patterns can be regulated via the variation of sensory feedback loops. In closed-loop conditions, tegula feedback strength determines cycle frequency in the model and the biological preparation such that stronger feedback results in lower frequencies. This regulatory mechanism appears to be a general emergent property of negative feedback systems.
Personality, Executive Control, and Neurobiological Characteristics Associated with Different Forms of Risky Driving

Background Road crashes represent a huge burden on global health. Some drivers are prone to repeated episodes of risky driving (RD) and are over-represented in crashes and related morbidity. However, their characteristics are heterogeneous, hampering development of targeted intervention strategies. This study hypothesized that distinct personality, cognitive, and neurobiological processes are associated with the type of RD behaviours these drivers predominantly engage in. Methods Four age-matched groups of adult (19–39 years) males were recruited: 1) driving while impaired recidivists (DWI, n = 36); 2) non-alcohol reckless drivers (SPEED, n = 28); 3) drivers with a mixed RD profile (MIXED, n = 27); and 4) low-risk control drivers (CTL, n = 47). Their sociodemographic, criminal history, driving behaviour (by questionnaire and simulation performance), personality (Big Five traits, impulsivity, reward sensitivity), cognitive (disinhibition, decision making, behavioural risk taking), and neurobiological (cortisol stress response) characteristics were gathered and contrasted. Results Compared to controls, group SPEED showed greater sensation seeking, disinhibition, disadvantageous decision making, and risk taking. Group MIXED exhibited more substance misuse, and antisocial, sensation seeking and reward sensitive personality features. Group DWI showed greater disinhibition and more severe alcohol misuse, and compared to the other RD groups, the lowest level of risk taking when sober. All RD groups exhibited less cortisol increase in response to stress compared to controls. Discussion Each RD group exhibited a distinct personality and cognitive profile, which was consistent with stimulation seeking in group SPEED, fearlessness in group MIXED, and poor behavioural regulation associated with alcohol in group DWI. As these group differences were uniformly accompanied by blunted cortisol stress responses, they may reflect the disparate behavioural consequences of dysregulation of the stress system. In sum, RD preference appears to be a useful marker for clarifying explanatory pathways to risky driving, and for research into developing more personalized prevention efforts.
Directed Abelian Groups, Countably Continuous Rings, and Rickart C*-Algebras

We establish the following result: Any partially ordered abelian group with an order unit that is monotone a-complete and satisfies the Riesz decomposition property can be order-embedded in the group of continuous functions on a compact HausdorlTspace, equipped with the pointwise ordering. As corollaries, we deduce that if R is either an K0-continuous ring or a finite Rickart C*-algebra, then the intersection of its maximal two-sided ideals is zero. Some of the results of this paper have been announced in [16]. 1. Partially ordered groups All (partially ordered) groups that appear here are abelian. A partially ordered group G, with positive cone G is said to be directed ifG = G —G + . The directed group G is said to possess the (Riesz) interpolation property (alternately, G is an interpolation group) when, for any four elements a, b, c, d of G, if both a and b are greater than or equal to c and d (compactly denoted a, b ^ c,d), then there exists e in G such that a,b ^ e ^ c,d. The directed group G is monotone a-complete if any (countable) ascending sequence a^ ^ a2 ^ . of elements of G that is bounded above has a least upper bound. The directed group G is said to be archimedean if for a, b in G, na ^ b for all positive integers n implies a ^ 0. This is the strong notion of archimedeanness occasionally referred to as "integrally closed". Our first main result asserts that a monotone c-complete directed interpolation group is archimedean. LEMMA 1.1. For a directed group G the following are equivalent: (a) G satisfies the Riesz interpolation property; (b) G satisfies the Riesz decomposition property: if {ah bj} £ G + ,andYJ^i = X /̂> « j then there exist atj eG + such that £ ai} = bjor all), and £ ai} = ajor all i.
An Exploration of the Factors Associated with Burnout Among NSW Secondary School Counsellors

School counsellors play an important role in supporting student mental health but face several challenges that may increase their vulnerability to burnout. This study aimed to explore the factors associated with burnout among school counsellors in secondary schools in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. A cross-sectional, online survey was conducted to measure demographics, school counsellor background, school context, school counselling practice, openness towards evidence-based practices, and use of online resources. The final sample consisted of the 125 participants who responded they had (n = 65) or had not (n = 60) experienced burnout. Most participants were female (86%), with an average of 9 years’ experience (SD = 7.0). Burnout was associated with lower workload manageability, lower satisfaction with school mental healthcare, greater impact of work stress upon wellbeing, and greater frequency of providing care outside of school hours. No other significant associations were found. This study reinforces that school counsellors are vulnerable to burnout and that measuring job overload may help to identify those at increased risk. School counsellors may also benefit from additional support for students who require care beyond school hours. Greater awareness about the risks of burnout, coupled with efforts to improve resource allocation within the school setting, may improve school counsellors’ sustainability and optimise the mental healthcare available to students.
COMPARISON OF ANXIETY AND DEPRESSION AMONG FEMAL-POPULATIONS IN BAHAWALPUR AND MULTAN (TWO CITIES OF PAKISTAN)

Objective: Objective of this study is the comparison of depression and anxiety among females of two cities of Pakistan, Bahawalpur and Multan. Design: It is a cross-sectional design of study. Place and duration of study: This study was conducted in bahawal victoria Hospital of bahawalpur and Nishtar Hospital of Multan city from first June 2016 to 31 May 2017. Subjects and Methods: Those female patients were included who reported in psychiatry out door of the Hospital and falling in the criteria of ICD-10. Which patients had other diseases as well or having difficulty in communication, were excluded. Their somatic symptoms were written down. Two groups of cases were made, 60 cases from Bahawalpur reported in B.V Hospital and 60 cases from Multan reported in Nishtar hospital. Data collected from both groups was compared. Cases from Bahawalpur were tagged as group-1 and those from Multan as group-2. Result: Following somatic symptoms were recorded in both groups, headache-group-1 65%, group-2 71%, Pain in upper limbs and body in group-1&280% & 90% respectively, constipation36% & 25% respectively, suffocation -18% and 22% respectively in both groups, joints pain30% & 34%, pain in abdomen -20% & 18%, palpitation52% & 45%, giddiness28% & 30%, which are almost equal in both groups. Which symptoms are different in both groups 1 & 2, include forehead pain -52% & 34%, pain in temporal region-50% & 35%, unilateral headache-28% & 12%, chest pain20% and 50%, dyspepsia-50% and 80%, hypo gastric pain 10% and 15% respectively in group-1 and group-2. Conclusion: somatic symptoms due to anxiety or depression are much usual in females of both cities. There is little difference between these two groups which may be due to different areas.
Thermomechanical Properties of Poly ( methyl methacrylates ) containing Tethered and Untethered Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxanes ( POSS )

Poly(methyl methacrylates) (PMMA) containing both tethered and untethered polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) were investigated using wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and rheological characterization. Unfilled, entangled polymers were synthesized and tested in small amplitude oscillatory shear. The addition of tethered-POSS to the PMMA chain leads to a decrease in the plateau modulus (GN) as expected from previous results on POSS-polymer rheology. Cyclohexyl-POSS and isobutyl-POSS were blended with PMMA homopolymer, and isobutyl-POSS was also blended with a POSS-PMMA copolymer containing 25 wt% tethered isobutyl-POSS distributed randomly along the chain. Both DSC and rheological results suggest a regime at low untetheredPOSS loadings (≤ 5 vol%) in PMMA in which much of the POSS filler resides in the matrix in a nanoscopically-dispersed state. This well-dispersed POSS acts as a plasticizer and leads to a decrease in the zero-shear-rate viscosity (η0) at low loadings. Above this regime, an apparent solubility limit is reached at which point additional untethered-POSS aggregates into crystallites in the PMMA matrix and both the viscosity and the plateau modulus increase in a way consistent with classical predicitions for hard-sphere-filled suspensions. The principles of time-temperature superposition are followed by these nanocomposites; however, fits to the WLF equation show no strong trend with increasing POSS loading and therefore could not explain the decrease in viscosity in light of an increase in free volume. Blends of untethered-POSS with copolymer show a significant increase in η0 for all loadings, greater than that expected for traditional hard-