Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Smartphones in Tourism and Hospitality Marketing: A Literature Review

ABSTRACT Smartphones are a growing marketing platform whose increasing popularity affects tourism by helping tourists communicate and share information while traveling. Considering the growing significance of smartphones in tourism and hospitality, this study analyzed 104 articles related to smartphones that were published in academic journals and papers presented at conferences from the perspective of both marketers and consumers. The number of studies on smartphones was found to have increased between the years 2000 and 2013. In particular, the number of studies focused on the consumer perspective was larger than that focused on the marketer perspective. This paper contributes to academic research by identifying areas that lack emphasis and providing an agenda for future research.
Amygdalo‐cortical projections in the monkey (Macaca fascicularis)

Amygdalo‐cortical projections were analyzed in the macaque monkey (Macaca fascicularis) in a series of experiments in which 3H‐amino acids were injected into each of the major divisions of the amygdaloid complex and the anterogradely transported label was demonstrated autoradiographically. Projections to widespread regions of frontal, insular, temporal, and occipital cortices have been observed. The heaviest projections to frontal cortex terminated in medial and orbital regions which included areas 24, 25, and 32 on the medial surface and areas 14, 13a, and 12 on the orbital surface. Lighter projections were also seen in areas 45, 46, 6, 9, and 10. The heaviest projection to the insula terminated in the agranular insular cortex with a decreasing gradient of innervation to the more caudally placed dysgranular and granular insular areas. The projection to this region continues around the dorsal limiting sulcus to terminate in the somatosensory fields 3, 1–2, and SII. Essentially all major divisions of the temporal neocortex receive a projection from the amygdaloid complex with the most prominent projections ending in the cortex of the temporal pole (area TG) and the perirhinal cortex. The entire rostrocaudal extent of the inferotemporal cortex (areas TE and TEO) is also in receipt of an amygdaloid projection. While the rostral superior temporal gyrus (area TA) is heavily labeled in several of the experiments (with light labeling continuing into AI and adjacent auditory association regions) there was little indication of labeling in the caudal reaches of area TA. There was a surprisingly strong projection to prestriate regions of the occipital lobe and, in at least one case, clear‐cut labeling in areas OB and 17. Labeling in the parietal cortex was primarily observed in the depths of the intraparietal sulcus. In all cortical fields, label was heaviest at the border between layers I and II and in some regions layers V and VI also had above background levels of silver grains.
Emission of herbivore elicitor-induced sesquiterpenes is regulated by stomatal aperture in maize (Zea mays) seedlings.

Maize seedlings emit sesquiterpenes during the day in response to insect herbivory. Parasitoids and predators use induced volatile blends to find their hosts or prey. To investigate the diurnal regulation of biosynthesis and emission of induced sesquiterpenes, we applied linolenoyl-L-glutamine (LG) to maize seedlings in the morning or evening using a cut-stem assay and tracked farnesene emission, in planta accumulation, as well as transcript levels of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase 3 (ZmFPPS3) and terpene synthase10 (ZmTPS10) throughout the following day. Independent of time of day of LG treatment, maximum transcript levels of ZmFPPS3 and ZmTPS10 occurred within 3-4 h after elicitor application. The similarity between the patterns of farnesene emission and in planta accumulation in light-exposed seedlings in both time courses suggested unobstructed emission in the light. After evening induction, farnesene biosynthesis increased dramatically during early morning hours. Contrary to light-exposed seedlings dark-kept seedlings retained the majority of the synthesized farnesene. Two treatments to reduce stomatal aperture, dark exposure at midday, and abscisic acid treatment before daybreak, resulted in significantly reduced amounts of emitted and significantly increased amounts of in planta accumulating farnesene. Our results suggest that stomata not only play an important role in gas exchange for primary metabolism but also for indirect plant defences.
Capitalist development, peasant differentiation and the state: Survey findings from West Bengal

The analysis which follows examines the structure of investment and production taking place in West Bengal, the reference point being the debate between Marxism and populism about peasant differentiation. The process of socio‐economic differentiation has not stopped, but in methodological terms farm size alone fails to register its extent. The main claim advanced by populism — Chayanov's argument concerning demographic differentiation, that rising consumer/worker ratios are accompanied by higher family labour input — was found to be inapplicable. Of particular interest is the role during the last quarter century of the Left Front government in the process of agrarian transformation, and the extent to which its pro‐poor policy interventions have stabilized smallholding peasant production. Among the effects of state intervention in the agrarian sector have been declines in (a) the number of holdings above ten acres (b) in the extent of sharecropping contracts, and (c) in the incidence of absolute landlessness. Although producers under 2.5 acres have been the main beneficiaries of institutional credit provision by the state, distress sales (in the form of marketed surplus) by poorer farmers are still evident.
smoothened and thickveins regulate Moleskin/Importin 7-mediated MAP kinase signaling in the developing Drosophila eye

The Drosophila Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Rolled is a key regulator of developmental signaling, relaying information from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. Cytoplasmic MEK phosphorylates MAPK (pMAPK), which then dimerizes and translocates to the nucleus where it regulates transcription factors. In cell culture, MAPK nuclear translocation directly follows phosphorylation, but in developing tissues pMAPK can be held in the cytoplasm for extended periods (hours). Here, we show that Moleskin antigen (Drosophila Importin 7/Msk), a MAPK transport factor, is sequestered apically at a time when lateral inhibition is required for patterning in the developing eye. We suggest that this apical restriction of Msk limits MAPK nuclear translocation and blocks Ras pathway nuclear signaling. Ectopic expression of Msk overcomes this block and disrupts patterning. Additionally, the MAPK cytoplasmic hold is genetically dependent on the presence of Decapentaplegic (Dpp) and Hedgehog receptors.
Deguelin, A PI3K/AKT inhibitor, enhances chemosensitivity of leukaemia cells with an active PI3K/AKT pathway

Activation of the phosphoinositide 3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt signalling pathway has been linked with resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs, and its downregulation, by means of PI3K inhibitors, lowers resistance to various types of therapy in tumour cell lines. Recently, it has been reported that deguelin, a naturally occurring rotenoid, is a powerful inhibitor of PI3K. We investigated whether or not deguelin could enhance the sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs of human U937 leukaemia cells and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) blasts with an activated PI3K/Akt network. Deguelin (10 nmol/l) induced S phase arrest with interference of progression to G2/M, and at 100 nmol/l significantly increased apoptotic cell death of U937. At 10–100 nmol/l concentrations, deguelin downregulated Akt phosphorylation of leukaemia cells and markedly increased sensitivity of U937 cells to etoposide or cytarabine. A 10 nmol/l concentration of deguelin did not negatively affect the survival rate of human cord blood CD34+ cells, whereas it increased sensitivity of AML blasts to cytarabine. Deguelin was less toxic than wortmannin on erythropoietin‐ and stem cell factor‐induced erythropoiesis from CD34+ progenitor cells. Overall, our results indicate that deguelin might be used in the future for increasing sensitivity to therapeutic treatments of leukaemia cells with an active PI3K/Akt signalling network.
Premedication for neonatal intubation: Current practice in Saudi Arabia

Background: Despite strong evidence of the benefits of rapid sequence intubation in neonates, it is still infrequently utilized in neonatal intensive care units (NICU), contributing to avoidable pain and secondary procedure-related physiological disturbances. Objectives: The primary objective of this cross-sectional survey was to assess the practice of premedication and regimens commonly used before elective endotracheal intubation in NICUs in Saudi Arabia. The secondary aim was to explore neonatal physicians’ attitudes regarding this intervention in institutions across Saudi Arabia. Methods: A web-based, structured questionnaire was distributed by the Department of Pediatrics, Umm Al Qura University, Mecca, to neonatal physicians and consultants of 10 NICUs across the country by E-mail. Responses were tabulated and descriptive statistics were conducted on the variables extracted. Results: 85% responded to the survey. Although 70% believed it was essential to routinely use premedication for all elective intubations, only 41% implemented this strategy. 60% cited fear of potential side effects for avoiding premedication and 40% indicated that the procedure could be executed more rapidly without drug therapy. Treatment regimens varied widely among respondents. Conclusion: Rates of premedication use prior to non-emergent neonatal intubation are suboptimal. Flawed information and lack of unified unit policies hampered effective implementation. Evidence-based guidelines may influence country-wide adoption of this practice.
What Do I Get? The Everyday Politics of Expectations and the Subprime Crisis

Were Americans who agreed to subprime loans stupid? This article suggests not, and that individual choices on home loans reflect a welfare trade-off steeped in social norms. These norms provide a range of choices for individuals' intentional rationality, from which decisions can be legitimated among their social peers. To understand individual choices about taking on a home loan, such actions must be interpreted within the context of the dominant welfare trade-off within a society over how one ensures income over their life cycle. This can be understood comparatively and also over time. This article situates the American experience among other advanced industrialised economies to locate its particular variety of residential capitalism and why their experience is more mild than wild. It then assesses change over time in the US case, arguing that the subprime crisis requires us to consider the everyday politics of expectations. Seen over time, everyday expectations about how the economy works provide constraints on the capacity of economic and political elites to change the system. They also encourage institutional experiments to cope with crises. I discuss this in the context of institutional experiments in response to the 1980s crisis in the US and the role that community activists played in linking credit access to rights discourses from the 1930s and 1960s. I then discuss how this politics has played out in the current crisis, providing a broader perspective on the politics of the subprime crisis and why it's not just the economy, stupid.
Complete Genome Sequence of Mannheimia haemolytica Strain 42548 from a Case of Bovine Respiratory Disease

ABSTRACT Mannheimia haemolytica is the major bacterial component in the bovine respiratory disease complex, which accounts for considerable economic losses to the cattle industry worldwide. The complete genome sequence of M. haemolytica strain 42548 was determined. It has a size of 2.73 Mb and contains 2,888 genes, including several antibiotic resistance genes.
A framework for graduate employability adapted for discipline differences

A substantial body of work exists on the definition of graduate employability and a number of frameworks have been developed that identify lists of knowledge, skills and attributes that graduates should attain. However a substantial gap still exists between expectations of employers, graduates, students and staff about what, when and where requisite student learning should take place. In addition very little research has been published about discipline differences in graduate employability. The study reported in this paper was part of a large federally funded project on graduate employability. It explored the perspective of stakeholders from multiple disciplines on graduate employability, to identify areas of consensus, misalignment and opportunities for collaboration. The main issue presented here is adequacy of current employability frameworks in an Australian context. Data was collected through a series of focus groups and interviews. Stakeholders were asked about their expectations, any perceived gaps and existing challenges. These were transcribed and analysed thematically with a qualitative phenomenological approach based on themes drawn from an existing employability framework. The data were analysed to identify which employability framework best mapped employer expectations and differences between disciplines. A comparison of a number of current frameworks found the Dacre Pool and Sewell (2007) framework has a good fit with Australian employer views on graduate employability. However some important aspects identified by Australian employers were not named in the framework, including ethics, professionalism, and an overview of the company and the sector, and some important differences between sectors were identified at a sub-theme level. Adaptation of the framework to include these omissions would enhance the usefulness of the framework for curriculum development.
Morphological characterization and molecular mapping of an irradiation‐induced Speckled mutant in the silkworm, Bombyx mori

Speckled (Spc), an X‐ray‐induced lethal mutant of Bombyx mori, exhibits a mosaic dark‐brown‐spotted larval epidermis in both sexes and egg‐laying problems only in females. Here, we report the morphological characterization and molecular mapping of the Spc mutant. Morphological investigations revealed that the epidermal ultrastructure of the small, dark‐brown spots was more dense than that of the white regions in both Spc/+ mutants and wild type, and that the lethality of the Spc/Spc mutants occurred during early embryogenesis. Furthermore, the ovarioles and ovipositor were disconnected in approximately 85.5% of Spc/+ females, a further 2.5% had a connection between the ovarioles and ovipositor that was too narrow to lay eggs. The remaining females showed a normal connection similar to that of the wild type. We successfully narrowed down the location of the Spc mutation to a region on chromosome 4 that was ∼1041 kb long. Gene‐prediction analysis identified 25 candidate genes in this region. Chromosome structure analysis indicated that a ∼305 kb deletion was included in the mapping region. Temporal and spatial reverse transcription PCR (RT‐PCR) analysis showed that several genes in the mapped region are associated with the Spc mutant. Although the genes responsible for the Spc mutation were not definitively identified, our results further the current understanding of the complex mechanism underlying the multiple morphological defects in Spc mutants.
Bacteriological Analysis of Water

All natural waters contain bacteria. The aerobic gram negative rods of the genera Pseudomonas, Alcalignes and Flavobacterium as well as others are common in water. Many of these bacteria are capable of growing on a wide variety of single carbon sources. That is, they are able to grow on a medium containing only mineral salts and one carbon source as the sole organic nutrient supply. In such a medium all other nutrients are inorganic. Some members of the genus Pseudomonas can grow on as many as 90 different sole carbon sources: the epitome of nutritional versatility. Also, Pseudomonas contains species that produce fluorescent pigments that are water soluble and diffuse into the medium. The property of producing water soluble fluorescent pigments and the ability to grow on single carbon sources can be taken advantage of to enumerate (titer) the number of fluorescent pseudomonads by the Multiple Tube Technique (see below).
Sex Differences and Individual Consistency in Voice Identification

Results were combined from 5 experiments by Cook in 1998 with 728 participants who listened to one male voice and one female voice each saying a sentence, then attempted to recognise the voices from line-ups of six voices presented a week later. While 352 male listeners did not differ significantly in recognising female and male voices (38% correct vs 41%), 376 female listeners were significantly more likely to recognise female than male voices (51% vs 43% correct). There was no evidence for individual differences in voice recognition in that listeners who recognised the male voice were no more likely to recognise the female voice than those who failed to recognise the male voice.
Identifiability of Household Equivalence Scales through Exact Aggregation: Some Empirical Results

General and commodity-specific equivalence scales are estimated with Canadian microdata. The former are identifiable when exact aggregation is imposed. However, these identifiability restrictions can be tested, as can homogeneity and symmetry in the model employed here. Exact aggregation is not rejected but homogeneity and symmetry are. The estimated equivalence scales exhibit increasing returns to scale in family size. They also rise with age, exhibit strong regional effects, and rural households' scales are generally lower than those of urban households. Since scales are sensitive to imposing homogeneity and symmetry restrictions, caution should be exercised in using such equivalence scales for policy purposes.
Beauty in the classroom: are German students less blinded? Putative pedagogical productivity due to professors’ pulchritude: peculiar or pervasive?

Given that instructional student ratings measure differences in pedagogical productivity, this study examines whether perceived attractiveness of German university teachers impact on these differences. Apart from some refinements and adjustments to idiosyncracies of the German system of higher learning, the quantitative analysis widely follows the strategy of the seminal work by Hamermesh and Parker (2005), based on US data. In comparison to findings for the USA, perceived attractiveness of teachers is found to have, if at all, only a weakly significant and quantitatively less important impact on the evaluation outcomes.
MTHFR C677T polymorphism, homocysteine and B-vitamins status in a sample of Chinese and Malay subjects in Universiti Putra Malaysia.

INTRODUCTION Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T is involved in folate and homocysteine metabolism. Disruption in the activity of this enzyme will alter their levels in the body. METHODOLOGY This study assessed MTHFR C677T polymorphism and its relationship with serum homocysteine and B-vitamins levels in a sample of Chinese and Malays subjects in UPM, Serdang. One hundred subjects were randomly selected from among the university population. Folate, vitamin B12, B6, and homocysteine levels were determined using MBA, ECLIA, and HPLC, respectively. PCR coupled with HinfI digestion was used for detection of MTHFR C677T polymorphism. RESULTS The frequency of T allele was higher in the Chinese subjects (0.40) compared to the Malay (0.14). Folate, vitamin B12 and B6 levels were highest in the wild genotype in both ethnic groups. Subjects with heterozygous and homozygous genotype showed the highest homocysteine levels. The serum folate and homocysteine were mainly affected by homozygous genotype. CONCLUSION MTHFR C677T polymorphism plays an important role in influencing the folate and homocysteine metabolism.
Prediction of Tubulin Resonant Frequencies Using the Resonant Recognition Model (RRM)

Tubulin proteins were analyzed using the Resonant Recognition Model to predict possible electromagnetic resonances in tubulin and microtubules. We propose that these electromagnetic resonances are caused by charge transfer through the protein molecule. The frequencies of these electromagnetic resonances depend on charge velocity. Using different velocities of charge transfer, we predicted resonant frequencies in different frequency ranges from KHz to THz. These resonant frequencies could be relevant for taxol binding as well as a possible role of microtubules as a macromolecular computer.
Mice varying in resistance to African trypanosomiasis respond differently to treatments with variant surface glycoprotein

A comparative analysis of responses between resistant and susceptible hosts revealed that DBN/2 mice, after treatment with variant surface coat glycoprotein (VSG) from virulent or avirulent African trypanosomes, developed splenomegaly as the result of a near‐doubling of the splenic cell population, had less polyclonal activation of B cells and were protected upon challenge with homologous trypanosomes. The susceptible C3H/Anf and C3W/HeJ mice on the other hand increased their splenic cell population by only 12%, had about twice the production of unelicited antibodies and were not immunized by the VSG treatments. This indicated that (a) proliferation of spleen cells during African trypanosomiasis may reflect an attempt to generate a specific and protective immune response and is not merely the result of polyclonal activation of lymphocytes; (b) production of unelicited antibodies is not merely a “bystander reaction” to the generation of antigen‐specific responses; and (c) polyclonal antibody production in response to VSG is not linked to the LPS gene. Nonspecific immunosuppression as measured in mitogen assays was not elicited by VSG in either resistant or susceptible mice, indicating that polyclonal lymphocyte activation and nonspecific immunosuppression are unlinked phenomena.