Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy of the FIFA 11+ Injury Prevention Program in the Collegiate Male Soccer Player

Background: The Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) 11+ program has been shown to be an effective injury prevention program in the female soccer cohort, but there is a paucity of research to demonstrate its efficacy in the male population. Hypothesis: To examine the efficacy of the FIFA 11+ program in men’s collegiate United States National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I and Division II soccer. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 1. Methods: Before the commencement of the fall 2012 season, every NCAA Division I and Division II men’s collegiate soccer team (N = 396) was solicited to participate in this research study. Human ethics review board approval was obtained through Quorum Review IRB. Sixty-five teams were randomized: 34 to the control group (CG; 850 players) and 31 to the intervention group (IG; 675 players). Four teams in the IG did not complete the study, reducing the number for analysis to 61. The FIFA 11+ injury prevention program served as the intervention and was utilized weekly. Athlete-exposures (AEs), compliance, and injury data were recorded using a secure Internet-based system. Results: In the CG, 665 injuries (mean ± SD, 19.56 ± 11.01) were reported for 34 teams, which corresponded to an incidence rate (IR) of 15.04 injuries per 1000 AEs. In the IG, 285 injuries (mean ± SD, 10.56 ± 3.64) were reported for 27 teams, which corresponded to an IR of 8.09 injuries per 1000 AEs. Total days missed because of injury were significantly higher for the CG (mean ± SD, 13.20 ± 26.6 days) than for the IG (mean ± SD, 10.08 ± 14.68 days) (P = .007). There was no difference for time loss due to injury based on field type (P = .341). Conclusion: The FIFA 11+ significantly reduced injury rates by 46.1% and decreased time loss to injury by 28.6% in the competitive male collegiate soccer player (rate ratio, 0.54 [95% CI, 0.49-0.59]; P < .0001) (number needed to treat = 2.64).
Help‐seeking behaviour for cancer symptoms: perceptions of patients and general practitioners

The aim of this study is to increase our understanding of the relationship between knowledge and interpretation of symptoms, fear and trust on the one hand, and the decision to consult a general practitioner (GP) for cancer symptoms on the other. Qualitative interviews were used to evaluate the various factors. Twenty‐three patients and ten GPs were interviewed. A number of factors were found to play different roles for different patients groups, i.e. patients that consult their doctor prematurely, at the right time, or those that delay. A lot of the findings can be tested using various concepts of socio‐psychological theory. Further research should provide an improved understanding of the way these models can be applied to help‐seeking behaviour. In terms of implications for health education, we conclude that each patient group has different needs and requires different information. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Social Inheritence of Divorce: Effects of Parent's Family Type in Postwar Germany

The social inheritance of divorce is one factor contributing to the upward trend in marriage dissolution rates during the last few decades. Several studies confirm the transmission hypothesis for U.S. marriages. We investigate the intergenerational transmission of divorce risk among German first marriages using multivariate event-history techniques. Our data are from the 7,200 respondents of the German Family Survey. The historical circumstances of postwar Germany allow a comparison between families dissolved by war and families dissolved by divorce. Respondents whose parental families dissolved by the death of a parent have only slightly higher divorce risks than respondents who grew up in two-parent families. There is, however, a large gap in marital instability for respondents from divorced-parent families compared with respondents from two-parent families and families with a widowed parent. Hence, the inheritance of divorce cannot be explained simply by the absence of a parent. The data suggest that differences in personal investments in the marriage partnership may partially explain the transmission effect.
Preschoolers’ “Animation” of Computer Games

Research on preschool children's computer gaming often focuses on interview data or parental reports, leaving open the examination of children's actual game activity. This study explores how preschool children actually engage in gaming and their degrees of play immersion. Classroom observations of Swedish preschool children's gaming revealed their involvement in computer games took the forms of responding to characters through instructed actions, recycling the game characters' talk, and engaging in dialogues with the game characters as if they were “real. ” These results are discussed in relation to previous research on children’s play, and their implications for future research and educational policy.
Improving the quality of preventive cardiovascular care provided by primary care physicians: insights from a US Quality Improvement Organization.

BACKGROUND During 2000-03, Qualidigm, a US Quality Improvement Organization, conducted a project to improve the care received by elderly Medicare patients with coronary artery disease or cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS We recruited primary care physicians in private practice in the state of Connecticut. Then, we identified approximately 30-50 patients per physician from the periods 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2000 and 1 November 2001 to 31 October 2002. We abstracted medical records to assess processes and outcomes of care, and we provided the physicians with performance data and a variety of practice-enhancing materials. The physicians utilized those materials that they perceived to be most helpful. RESULTS We identified and recruited 974 primary care physicians to participate. Of these, 103 (10.6%) committed to participate, and 85 of the 103 completed the project. Among the intervention tools, physicians and their office personnel utilized personal digital assistants (PDAs) (36.5%) and patient education materials (34.1%) most commonly. Overall, quality of care improved for most physicians (mean quality score 62.0 to 67.8%, P < 0.001). However, not all improved, and most improvements were modest [mean absolute improvement in quality score 5.8%, standard deviation (SD) 6.8%]. CONCLUSIONS Quality Improvement Organizations and others interested in improving outpatient quality of care face significant challenges in recruiting self-employed primary care physicians to quality improvement projects and in bringing about transformational change. Future primary care quality improvement projects should include careful assessments of practice-specific barriers, interventions that are linked to these barriers, and support of the practices on implementation.
Common Representations of the Mentally Ill Among College Students

The study of mental diseases and the mentally ill is, no doubt, the job of psychiatry and clinical psychology. However, social psychology has also made a substantial contribution to research in this field in the past few decades. Consider the social psychology approach to problems of mental health and illness. A great many studies have been devoted, for example, to the analysis of processes of social comparison in the case of the mentally ill, the study of stigmatization, the connection between stigmatization and discrimination, the analysis of common representations of mental diseases and the mentally ill themselves, and so on (Augoustinos and Walker 1995; Crocker, Major, and Steele 1998; De Rosa 1988; Farr 1995; Foster 2001, 2003; Jodelet 1991; Morant 1995; Petrillo 1996; Quinn, Kahn, and Crocker 2004; Wagner, Duveen, Verma, et al. 2000; and Zani 1995). The latter theme will be examined in the present article.
What’s in a (Migrant) House? Changing Domestic Spaces, the Negotiation of Belonging and Home-making in Ecuadorian Migration

ABSTRACT Migrants’ constructions of their domestic spaces, and their struggle to feel at home in both receiving and sending societies, are an emerging focus of research in migration studies. Housing issues are also a privileged observatory on their transnational social engagement, as well as on the changing boundaries of their membership and belonging. This article addresses the everyday bases of their home-making and house-building practices, drawing on a multi-sited ethnography of Ecuadorian migration to Italy. What can be inferred from the ways in which migrants inhabit their houses “here”, while typically investing in better housing arrangements “there”, as to their alignment towards either society? What do their housing-related practises suggest about the potential to feel locally and transnationally at home, given the structural constraints they are subject to? By tracing the meanings, enactments and locations of migrants’ home, I aim to advance the debate on home and migration in two respects: the persistent materiality which underlies the home experience, and the significance of migrants’ houses, particularly in sending societies, as a window on the mixed social consequences of migration.
Equity sensitivity and outcome importance

Equity theory (Adams, 1963, 1965) is a common theory used to explain employee behavior. Four basic points capture the thrust of the theory. (a) Individuals evaluate their relationships with others (e.g. their employers) by assessing the ratio of the outcomes they receive in the relationship and the inputs to the relationship against the outcome/input ratio of a comparison other. (b) This comparison other may be a co-worker, a peer working for another employer, a collective other such as a composite standard based on peers or the industry averages, the employer as a whole, oneself in another social role such as a previous job, or some type of internal standard. (c) If the perceived outcome/input ratios of the individual and comparison other are perceived to be unequal, then inequity exists. (d) This inequity causes tension frustration of underreward or guilt of overreward. In simplest terms, equity theory proposes that when individuals feel inequitably rewarded, internal tension occurs and individuals will be motivated to take action to restore equity, thereby relieving the tension. Soon after its introduction by Adams, equity theory gained early support and research attention. Weick even went as far as to label it as being 'among the most useful middle-range theories of organizational behavior' (1966, p. 439). However, early equity theory research resulted in
Public Perceptions of GPS Monitoring for Convicted Sex Offenders: Opinions on Effectiveness of Electronic Monitoring to Reduce Sexual Recidivism

In the United States, electronic monitoring (EM) and global positioning systems (GPS) are new applications that are used to extensively monitor and track convicted sex offenders. What is unclear though are public perceptions of this strategy. This research examines public perceptions of a national sample of Americans on the use of GPS/EM with convicted sex offenders as a method to reduce their sexual recidivism. Using a multinomial regression model, we analyze the effects of sex offender myths and parental status on public perceptions that sex offender GPS/EM is very effective in reducing sexual recidivism. Findings suggest that public perceptions of effectiveness are partially driven by myths and also that parents are unsure of this strategy. The analysis contributes to the growing body of knowledge on public perceptions of GPS/EM to manage sex offenders in communities. Implications of the study and areas for future research are discussed in light of the findings.
The development of a valid and reliable instrument for measuring instructional coaching skills

This research used data from educators and teacher candidates in Ohio (a state in the Midwestern United States) to produce a valid and reliable instrument for measuring instructional coaching skills. The research involved three pilot tests with large samples of respondents. Initial items came from the extant literature on instructional coaching, and data analyses enabled refinement of these initial items. Principal component analysis revealed that the final set of items loads strongly on one factor, with the factor structure remaining consistent across samples. Reliability measures showed that the instrument has strong internal consistency. As a technically adequate measure, the instrument can be used by educators to measure their own instructional coaching skills or as a pre-assessment and post-assessment for professional development programs intending to improve instructional coaching skills.
Paraneoplastic Pemphigus: Insight into the Autoimmune Pathogenesis, Clinical Features and Therapy

Paraneoplastic pemphigus is a rare autoimmune skin disease that is always associated with a neoplasm. Usually, oral, skin, and mucosal lesions are the earliest manifestations shown by paraneoplastic pemphigus patients. The pathogenesis of paraneoplastic pemphigus is not yet completely understood, although some immunological aspects have been recently clarified. Because of its rarity, several diagnostic criteria have been proposed. Besides, several diagnostic procedures have been used for the diagnosis, including indirect immunofluorescence, direct immunofluorescence, and ELISA. We reviewed the most recent literature, searching on PubMed “paraneoplastic pemphigus”. We included also papers in French, German, and Spanish. We found 613 papers for “paraneoplastic pemphigus”. Among them, 169 were review papers. Because of its varying clinical features, paraneoplastic pemphigus still represents a challenge for clinicians. Furthermore, diagnosis and management of paraneoplastic pemphigus requires close collaboration between physicians, including dermatologist, oncologist, and otorhinolaryngologist.
Organizational Downsizing and Career Development.

Survivor employees and senior management perceptions of career development issues were examined in a downsizing organization. It emerged that the organization lacked a coherent strategy for survivors’ career development. The main career development structure, the performance management and appraisal scheme, was generally viewed as inadequate, while the other structures in place, although generally perceived as useful, were underutilized. A substantial proportion of employees considered lateral moves to potentially undermine advancement and security, and senior management views implied a potential lack of wide managerial support for widespread use of this tool. A senior management attitude for selective career development, targeted on an elite group of key employees, was also detected. The study concluded that proper downsizing planning must include a coherent career development strategy for survivors.
Association of obstructive sleep apnoea with the risk of vascular outcomes and all-cause mortality: a meta-analysis

Objective This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis to explore and summarise the evidence regarding the association between obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) and the subsequent risk of vascular outcomes and all-cause mortality. Methods Electronic databases PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify studies conducted through May 2016. Prospective cohort studies that reported effect estimates with 95% CIs of major adverse cardiac events (MACEs), coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke, cardiac death, all-cause mortality and heart failure for different levels versus the lowest level of OSA were included. Results A total of 16 cohort studies reporting data on 24 308 individuals were included. Of these, 11 studies reported healthy participants, and the remaining five studies reported participants with different diseases. Severe OSA was associated with an increased risk of MACEs (relative risk (RR): 2.04; 95% CI 1.56 to 2.66; P<0.001), CHD (RR: 1.63; 95% CI 1.18 to 2.26; P=0.003), stroke (RR: 2.15; 95% CI 1.42 to 3.24; P<0.001), cardiac death (RR: 2.96; 95% CI 1.45 to 6.01; P=0.003) and all-cause mortality (RR: 1.54; 95% CI 1.21 to 1.97; P<0.001). Moderate OSA was also significantly associated with increased risk of MACEs (RR: 1.16; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.33; P=0.034) and CHD (RR: 1.38; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.83; P=0.026). No significant association was found between mild OSA and the risk of vascular outcomes or all-cause mortality (P>0.05). Finally, no evidence of a factor-specific difference in the risk ratio for MACEs among participants with different levels of OSA compared with those with the lowest level of OSA was found. Conclusions Severe and moderate OSAs were associated with an increased risk of vascular outcomes and all-cause mortality. This relationship might differ between genders. Therefore, further large-scale prospective studies are needed to verify this difference.
Graph and chart aesthetics for experts and laymen in design: The role of familiarity and perceived ease of use

We investigated the relationship between familiarity, perceived ease of use, and attractiveness of graph designs in two target groups: experts and laymen in design. In the first study, we presented them with a variety of more or less common graph designs and asked them without any additional task to evaluate their familiarity, attractiveness, and perceived ease of use. They judged the familiarity and ease of use of the graphs similarly, but they differed in their attractiveness judgments. Familiarity and perceived ease of use appeared to predict attractiveness, but stronger for laymen than for designers. Laymen are attracted to designs they perceive as familiar and easy to use. Designers are attracted to designs between familiar and novel. In the second study, we asked designers and laymen to first perform an information retrieval task with the same graphs and then rate their attractiveness. Laymen’s appreciations remained the same, but the designers’ judgments of attractiveness were different from those in study 1. Correlational analyses suggest that their attractiveness judgments after use were affected not by actual usability but by perceived ease of use of the graphs.
Block of neuronal fast chloride channels by internal tetraethylammonium ions

The classical potassium-selective ion channel blocker tetraethylammonium ion (TEA) was shown to block chloride-selective ion channels from excised surface membranes of acutely dissociated rat cortical neurons when applied to the formerly intracellular membrane surface. The patch voltage clamp method was used to record single channel currents from fast Cl channels in the presence of TEAi. At the filtering cut-off frequencies used (3-12.4 kHz, -3 dB) the TEAi-induced block appeared as a reduction in single channel current amplitude, which was interpreted as the result of extremely fast on the off rates for the blocking reaction. Under the conditions of these experiments, the magnitude of TEAi block was independent of membrane potential. Analysis of dose-response experimental results suggests that TEA binding resulted in a partial block of these channels with an equilibrium dissociation constant of approximately 12-15 mM. Analysis of amplitude distributions in the absence and presence of TEAi using the method of Yellen (1994. Journal of General Physiology. 84:157-186.) produced a similar equilibrium dissociation constant and provided a blocking rate constant of approximately 16,000 mM-1.s-1 and an unblocking rate constant of approximately 200,000 s-1. The distributions of open and closed interval durations were fit with a blocking scheme where TEAi binds to the open kinetic state with the constraint that the channel must reenter the open state before TEA can dissociate. The increase in the mean lifetime of the open state could be well fit by this model, but the distribution of closed interval durations could not, suggesting a more complex underlying blocking mechanism.
Understanding Marital Violence in the Black Community

The limitations of theory and the dearth of well-controlled, empirical research on the relationship of race and race-by-class differences to the incidence of marital violence has resulted in an insufficient data base with which to construct useful and valid conclusions regarding the Black community. Consequently, the effects of social class, violence in the family of origin, and sources of conflict were examined in a comparative study of marital violence experienced by 155 Black women across three social class positions who lived in a southeastern metropolitan city. In contrast to previous characterizations of marital violence among Black couples, the results of this study revealed some significant differences between the proportion of Black women and men by social class who were victims of marital violence. The data did suggest that when social class positions were controlled, Black middle-class women experienced more violence than their lower- and upper-class counterparts. This investigation highlights implications for theory development and future research.
D-Tailor: automated analysis and design of DNA sequences

Motivation: Current advances in DNA synthesis, cloning and sequencing technologies afford high-throughput implementation of artificial sequences into living cells. However, flexible computational tools for multi-objective sequence design are lacking, limiting the potential of these technologies. Results: We developed DNA-Tailor (D-Tailor), a fully extendable software framework, for property-based design of synthetic DNA sequences. D-Tailor permits the seamless integration of multiple sequence analysis tools into a generic Monte Carlo simulation that evolves sequences toward any combination of rationally defined properties. As proof of principle, we show that D-Tailor is capable of designing sequence libraries comprising all possible combinations among three different sequence properties influencing translation efficiency in Escherichia coli. The capacity to design artificial sequences that systematically sample any given parameter space should support the implementation of more rigorous experimental designs. Availability: Source code is available for download at https://sourceforge.net/projects/dtailor/ Contact: aparkin@lbl.gov or cambray.guillaume@gmail.com Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online (D-Tailor Tutorial).
Comparison of putative virulence factors in Aeromonas hydrophila strains isolated from the marine environment and human diarrheal cases in southern Italy

Aeromonas hydrophila strains isolated from the same geographical region (southern Italy) but from different sources (sea sediments and human diarrhea cases) were characterized for the production of potential virulence determinants, such as production of cytotoxins, cytotonic toxins, hemolysin, and dermonecrotic factors and their capacity to adhere to human intestinal 407 cells in vitro. The results showed that isolates from both the sources produced all or some of the virulence factors which may be involved in the pathogenesis of Aeromonas-associated infections. Our study indicates that further epidemiological studies are necessary to elucidate the public health significance of infections caused by Aeromonas spp.