Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Representation for Genetic-Algorithm-Based Multiprocessor Task Scheduling

A multiprocessor scheduling problem is defined as the assignment of a given set of tasks to a set of processors. These tasks should be assigned in a way such that the total execution time is minimized and certain criteria are met. A wide range of solutions and heuristics have been proposed to solve this important system optimization problem. In this paper, we propose a novel representation to solve the task scheduling problem using genetic algorithm (GA). This representation is novel not only in the way it presents task scheduling, but also in that the length of that representation is intelligently adaptable to the given problem. Task duplication is allowed in our method and it is capable of spanning a large proportion of the solution space without the need for penalty/rewards or adding repair mechanisms whilst always generating valid chromosomes. Due to this new representation, order of the search space has been reduced; consequently, the proposed approach outperforms some recently studied GA based scheduling methods over 120 times with respect to the number of fitness evaluations.
Measuring Levels of Students' Anxiety in Information Seeking Tasks

This study measured information seeking anxiety among postgraduate students of the University of the Punjab, Lahore. Survey method using questionnaire was employed to conduct this investigation. The questionnaire consisting of an Information Seeking Anxiety Scale and demographic variables was administered in students, selected through convenient sampling procedure, for data collection. The results indicated that a large majority (n=207, 82.4%) of the respondents experienced more than low anxiety in the information seeking process. No significant relationship was found between age, gender, faculty and information seeing anxiety scores of these students. Conversely, there were significant differences in anxiety scores of students based on the program of study, stage of study, and computer proficiency. The results provide useful insights for guidance of information professionals dealing with reference and research services, especially those engaged in designing information literacy curricula and managing information literacy instructions.
See what you want to see: visual user-driven approach for hybrid recommendation

Research in recommender systems has traditionally focused on improving the predictive accuracy of recommendations by developing new algorithms or by incorporating new sources of data. However, several studies have shown that accuracy does not always correlate with a better user experience, leading to recent research that puts emphasis on Human-Computer Interaction in order to investigate aspects of the interface and user characteristics that influence the user experience on recommender systems. Following this new research this paper presents SetFusion, a visual user-controllable interface for hybrid recommender system. Our approach enables users to manually fuse and control the importance of recommender strategies and to inspect the fusion results using an interactive Venn diagram visualization. We analyze the results of two field studies in the context of a conference talk recommendation system, performed to investigate the effect of user controllability in a hybrid recommender. Behavioral analysis and subjective evaluation indicate that the proposed controllable interface had a positive effect on the user experience.
Loaded and unloaded marching : Implications for fluid replacement

Marching with essential survival equipment is a fundamental military exercise. A consequence of this increased load is an increased risk of dehydration. Dehydration may have fatal consequences in a combat situation where performance must be optimal. This risk can be minimized with an understanding of the additional fluid needs of soldiers marching when loaded compared to unloaded. The aim of this study was to quantify fluid loss caused by marching with a loaded Bergen rucksack and webbing of 33.5 kg for 45 minutes when compared to unloaded carriage in eight healthy male officer cadets (age, 20.5 ± 0.9 years; body mass 80.2 ± 9.2 kg). The findings demonstrate an increased rate of sweat loss (0.6 ± 0.2 L·h-1 to 1.2 ± 0.4 L·h-1; p<0.001) and increased average heart rate (105.5 ± 17.7 beats·min-1 to 136.6 ± 28.3 beats·min-1; p<0.001) for unloaded and loaded trial respectively. Urine osmolality significantly increased pre- to post-march (p<0.05), however there was no difference in this increase between the loaded and unloaded trial. The present study demonstrated that marching with a loaded rucksack and webbing increased sweat rate by 100% compared to the same march with no additional load. For soldiers to prevent dehydration and the potential detrimental effects on performance, fluid replacement should also be doubled when marching with loading in a temperate environment, however individual differences in sweat rate should be taken into account.
Learning and unlearning: a conceptual note

Purpose Organizational learning and unlearning are often viewed as different and distinct concepts in the literature. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the unlearning concept and reassess its position vis-a-vis learning, in particular second-order and double-loop learning. Design/methodology/approach The paper entails a conceptual analysis. Findings It is found that there are two conceptual problems with unlearning, and that it is best embedded in the dynamics of the learning process, where it appears to fit well in the “interruption” phase. Research limitations/implications The research scope of the paper is limited to a theoretical analysis of organizational learning and unlearning. Implications for theory reside in the importance of unlearning and its relation to learning in current organizations. Practical implications The paper has practical implications for organizations wishing to become more adept at learning and unlearning. Originality/value The paper is among the first organizational papers to analyze unlearning in direct relation to different phases in the learning dynamics.
Managing high achieving information systems professionals

The research reported here is part of an ongoing longitudinal study of Acknowledgment: An earlier version of this paper appeared in the Proceedings of the ACM Special interest Group on Computer Personnel Research Conference, Cincinnati, Ohio, April 5-7, 1992. Copyright 1992, Association for Computing Machinery, Inc. Journal of Management Information Systems /Spring 1993, Vol. 9, No. 4, pp. 103-120 Copyright © M.E. Shaipc, Inc., 1993 This content downloaded from 157.55. 39.55 on Tue, 23 Aug 2016 05:26:21 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor. org/terms 104 SMITS, MCLEAN, AND TANNER career maturation and progression involving a national sample of information system (I/S) professionals. The present study describes the job characteristic preferences and self-described personal attributes and work traits (dependent variables) of persons entering I/S careers with three levels of demonstrated academic achievement (independent variable). A second analysis combined the respondents' sex and level of achievement to create a gender-sensitive independent variable. While high achievers enter the workplace with distinguishing work-related profiles, the results suggest that the commonalities among high-achieving females and males vastly overshadow their differences. The results are discussed in terms of recruitment, socialization, and commitment, motivation and performance, and career progression.
Figurative Idiomatic Language: Strategies and Difficulties of Understanding English Idioms

Learning idioms which is considered a very essential part of learning and using language (Sridhar and Karunakaran, 2013) has recently attracted a great attention of English learning researchers particularly the assessment of how well Asian language learners acquire and use idioms in communication (Tran, 2013). Understanding and using them fluently could be viewed as a sign towards language proficiency as they could be an effective way to give students better conditions to enhance their communication skills in the daily context (Beloussova, 2015). Investigating how idiomatic expressions are dealt with and processed in a second language or foreign language is an issue worth examining further since it may give language teachers a better idea of some of the strategies language learners use in order to interpret figurative language. Despite their importance, learning and using English idioms by Arab EFL learners have not been investigated extensively, and no research has been conducted on Jordanian students’ idiomatic competency. Thus, the researcher decided to work on these un-tackled issues in the Jordanian context. Most idioms-based investigations are the difficulties Jordanians learners of English face when translating them into Arabic (Hussein, Khanji, and Makhzoumi, 2000; Bataineh and Bataineh, 2002; Alrishan and Smadi, 2015). The analysis of the test showed students’ very poor idiomatic competence; particularly a very limited awareness of the most frequently used idioms despite their overwhelming desire to learn them. Data analysis of the questionnaire revealed the strategies students use and the problems they face in understanding and learning idioms.
Sequential Star Formation in Taurus Molecular Cloud 1

We discuss the fragmentation of a filamentary cloud on the basis of a 1-dimensional hydrodynamical simulation of a self-gravitating gas cloud. The simulation shows that dense cores are produced with a semi-regular interval in space and time from one edge to the other. At the initial stage the gas near one of the edges is attracted inwards by gravity and the accumulation of the gas makes a dense core near the edge. When the dense core grows in mass up to a certain amount, it gathers gas from the other direction. Accordingly the dense core becomes isolated from the main cloud and the parent filamentary cloud has a new edge. This cycle repeats and the fragmentation process propagates towards the other edge. The propagation speed is a few tens of percent larger than the sound speed. According to the theory, the age difference for the northwest-most and southeast-most cores in TMC-1 is estimated to be 0.68~pc/0.6~km~s$^{-1}$ = $ 10 ^6 $~y. The estimated age difference is consistent with that obtained from the chemical chronology.
A Bandwidth Determination Method for Ipv6-Based Networks

Abstract Accurate measurement of bottleneck and available bandwidths in network paths is a problem that has intrigued researchers for years. Numerous tools and techniques have been developed to determine bottleneck and available bandwidths but none of these methods provide a simple solution that is accurate, efficient, and flexible. Such a solution is simply not practical for IPv4 networks. Fortunately, the next generation Internet Protocol, IP version 6, has the functionality necessary to implement feedback mechanisms to assist in accurate bandwidth estimations. In this paper we present a method to accurately and efficiently determine the network bandwidth in IPv6 networks through the use of a proposed timestamp option for the IPv6 hop-by-hop extension header.
Attribute-based Signcryption with Ciphertext-policy and Claim-predicate Mechanism

We propose a new notion called attribute-based sign-cryption with cipher text-policy and claim-predicate mechanism (CP2-ABSC), which is inspired by the recent developments in attribute-based encryption and attribute-based signature. In this notion, a signcrypting party, who possesses a set of attributes from the authority, can sign a message with a claim-predicate that is satisfied by his attributes, and encrypt it with an access policy stating what kind of receivers will be able to decrypt the message. As in ciphertext-policy attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE), a user will only be able to decrypt a signcrypted message if that user's attributes satisfy the access policy associated to the signcrypted message. As in attribute-based signature with claim-predicate mechanism (CP-ABS), a unsigncrypting party can verify the authenticity of the signcrypted message against the claim-predicate over signcrypting party's attributes. We give the formal definition and security model of CP2-ABSC, and propose an CP2-ABSC construction from pairings which is more efficient than the combination of CP-ABE and CP-ABS that provide the same functionality of authenticated encryption. The proposed CP2-ABSC scheme is proved to be secure in the generic group model and random oracle model.
Collaborative Leadership in the Arts as a Unique Form of Dual Leadership

ABSTRACT This article examines dual leadership in Australian performing arts companies, reflected in the respective roles of artistic directors and general managers. Our findings challenge assumptions underpinning much of the literature on dual leadership; in particular, the assumption that conflict is inevitable between the two leaders. In our research, we identified dual leadership relationships that might more accurately be described as instances of collaborative leadership. We suggest that one explanation for this presence of collaborative leadership may be that the study found similarities in both leaders’ passion for the arts, often reflected in a shared background in an arts practice.
Non-Abelian evolution of electromagnetic waves in a weakly anisotropic inhomogeneous medium

A theory of electromagnetic wave propagation in a weakly anisotropic smoothly inhomogeneous medium is developed, based on the quantum-mechanical diagonalization procedure applied to Maxwell equations. The equations of motion for the translational (ray) and intrinsic (polarization) degrees of freedom are derived ab initio. The ray equations take into account the optical Magnus effect (spin Hall effect of photons) as well as trajectory variations owing to the medium anisotropy. Polarization evolution is described by the precession equation for the Stokes vector. In the generic case, the evolution of wave turns out to be non-Abelian: it is accompanied by mutual conversion of the normal modes and periodic oscillations of the ray trajectories analogous to electron zitterbewegung. The general theory is applied to examples of wave evolution in media with circular and linear birefringence.
Health risks in areas close to urban solid waste landfill sites.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between living close to solid waste landfill sites and occurrences of cancer and congenital malformations among populations in their vicinity. METHODS Deaths among people living in the municipality of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil, between 1998 and 2002 were selected and geocoded, according to selected causes. Over the period evaluated, there were 351 deaths due to liver cancer, 160 due to bladder cancer and 224 due to leukemia, among adults, 25 due to childhood leukemia and 299 due to congenital malformation, in areas close to landfill sites. Buffer zones of radius 2 km around the 15 sites delimited the areas exposed. Standardized mortality ratios for each outcome were analyzed in Bayesian spatial models. RESULTS In a general manner, the highest values for the standardized mortality ratios were found in more central areas of the municipality, while the landfill sites were located in more peripheral areas. The standardized mortality ratios did not indicate any excess risk for people living in areas close to solid waste landfill sites in the municipality of São Paulo. For landfill sites in operation, there was a greater risk of bladder and liver cancer, and death due to congenital malformation, but without statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS No increase in the risk of cancer or congenital malformations was found in areas in the vicinity of urban waste dumps in the municipality of São Paulo. The weak associations and the imprecision of the estimates obtained did not allow any causal relationship to be established.
Characterization of retrokeratoprosthetic membranes in the Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate retroprosthetic membranes that can occur in 25% to 65% of patients with the Boston type 1 keratoprosthesis (KPro). METHODS Two patients with Peter anomaly and 2 with neurotrophic scarred corneas underwent revisions of their type 1 KPros because of visually compromising retroprosthetic membranes. The excised membranes were studied by light microscopy with hematoxylin-eosin, periodic acid-Schiff, and toluidine blue stains. Immunohistochemical and transmission electron microscopic examination were also used. RESULTS Light microscopic examination revealed that the retro-KPro fibrous membranes originated from the host's corneal stroma. These mildly to moderately vascularized membranes grew through gaps in the Descemet membrane to reach behind the KPro back plate and adhere to the anterior iris surface, which had undergone partial lysis. In 2 cases, the fibrous membranes merged at the pupil with matrical portions of metaplastic lens epithelium, forming a bilayered structure that crossed the optical axis. Retro-KPro membranes stained positively for α-smooth muscle actin but negatively for pancytokeratin. Electron microscopy confirmed the presence of actin filaments within myofibroblasts and small surviving clusters of metaplastic lens epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Stromal downgrowth, rather than epithelial downgrowth, was the major element of the retro-KPro membranes in this series. Metaplastic lens epithelium also contributed to opacification of the visual axis. Florid membranous inflammation was not a prominent finding and thus probably not a requisite stimulus for membrane development. Further advances in prosthetic design and newer antifibroproliferative agents may reduce membrane formation.
Education, Language and Identity

The process of individual identity formation is still an enigma, as is the capacity of public bodies to intervene in it. In 1983, the Catalan education system became bilingual, and Catalan, along with Spanish, was taught in schools. Using survey data from Catalonia we show that respondents who have been exposed for a longer time period to teaching in Catalan have stronger Catalan feelings. The effect also appears to be present among individuals whose parents do not have Catalan origins; in addition the reform affects political preferences and attitudes towards the organisation of the State.
Effects of serum and insulin on the sensitivity of the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 to estrogen and antiestrogens.

The effect of the antiestrogens tamoxifen and nafoxidine on the growth of the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7 is modified by both serum and insulin. Tamoxifen inhibition of the growth of MCF-7 cells in culture is reduced as the concentration of serum in the medium is increased from 0.1% to 5 to 10%. Estradiol does not stimulate cell growth over the same range of serum levels. Insulin changes the sensitivity of MCF-7 cells to both estrogen and antiestrogens. Cells growing in media containing insulin are less sensitive to inhibition by either tamoxifen or nafoxidine than are cells growing in its absence. In addition, higher concentrations of estradiol are required to stimulate the production of plasminogen activator when cells are grown in media containing insulin. This effect of insulin can be accounted for by the finding that insulin lowers the level of estrogen receptor in MCF-7 cells without altering the binding constant for the hormone. Cells grown with insulin have an average of 21,000 +/- 4,700 (S.D.) estrogen binding sites/cell compared to 62,000 +/- 9,700 sites/cell in cells grown in the absence of insulin. This difference in receptor level is sufficient to account for the difference in the concentration of estradiol needed for equivalent induction of plasminogen activator in cultures with or without insulin. These results indicate that the level of estrogen receptor in breast cancer cells can be changed and that the sensitivity of such cells, both to estrogen and to antiestrogens, is altered by changes in the level of estrogen receptor. They also have implications concerning the mechanism by which antiestrogens act to inhibit the growth of mammary tumor cells.
Family as a source of support under stress: Benefits of greater breadth of family inclusion

Abstract Family has profound meaning and represents the most important ingroup for most people, yet, we know very little about how lay perceptions of family affect well-being. In the current work, we examined how lay theories about breadth of family inclusion (i.e., including a broader variety of entities in one’s definition of family) were related to family experiences and to well-being. In Study 1, we found that lay theories about family as including a wider variety of entities (i.e., greater breadth of inclusion) predicted more positive family evaluations, more positive qualities, and greater family importance. In Study 2, we found that greater breadth of family inclusion was associated with greater resilience in the face of stress. Finally, in Study 3 we used an experimental manipulation of breadth of family inclusion, establishing that broader views of family produced greater social needs fulfillment. Implications for the role of ingroup memberships and identities in promoting well-being are discussed.
Clinical value of mammography in diagnosis and identification of breast mass

Objective: To study the effect and clinical value of mammography in the diagnosis of breast lump so as to improve the diagnosis level of breast cancer. Methods: A retrospective analysis was carried out on clinical data of 110 patients with mammary lump confirmed by pathology to study the compliance of mammography diagnosis and Pathology diagnosis in breast lump, and the detection of microcalcifications, phyllode, and observe the image performance of mammography. Taking infitrating ductal carcinoma (IDC) as an example, the correlation of image performance and clinical pathological features of different types was studied so as to predict if mammography performance was effective in the treatment and prognosis in breast cancer. Results: Taking Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) grade 4A as the critical point, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of mammography was 90.80% (109/120), 84.60% (126/149) and 87.40% (235/269); taking BI-RADS grade 4B as the critical point, the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of mammography was 85.00% (102/120), 93.30% (139/149) and 89.60% (241/269); the correlation analysis suggested that, there was some kind of correlation between the mammography performance and clinical features of breast cancer. Conclusion: Mammography is worth being promoted in clinic for its significant clinical value in diagnosing and identifying breast lump.
Fiscal issues and central banking in emerging economies: an overview

The view that central banks have an incentive to monitor the fiscal position of the government rests on at least two grounds. First, the government may be tempted to call on the central bank for finance rather than borrow in capital markets. Second, fiscal policy can have a large impact on the economy due to its effects on aggregate demand, and because perceptions regarding the sustainability of fiscal policy can affect financial markets. Problems in the implementation of fiscal policy could therefore interfere with the two widely accepted goals of central banks, which are to control inflation and contribute to macroeconomic and financial stability. They could also adversely affect the balance sheet or profitability of the central bank.