Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sexual conflict and the gender load: correlated evolution between population fitness and sexual dimorphism in seed beetles

Although males and females share much of the same genome, selection is often distinct in the two sexes. Sexually antagonistic loci will in theory cause a gender load in populations, because sex-specific selection on a given trait in one sex will compromise the adaptive evolution of the same trait in the other sex. However, it is currently not clear whether such intralocus sexual conflict (ISC) represents a transient evolutionary state, where conflict is rapidly resolved by the evolution of sexual dimorphism (SD), or whether it is a more chronic impediment to adaptation. All else being equal, ISC should manifest itself as correlated evolution between population fitness and SD in traits expressed in both sexes. However, comparative tests of this prediction are problematic and have been unfeasible. Here, we assess the effects of ISC by comparing fitness and SD across distinct laboratory populations of seed beetles that should be well adapted to a shared environment. We show that SD in juvenile development time, a key life-history trait with a history of sexually antagonistic selection in this model system, is positively related to fitness. This effect is due to a correlated evolution between population fitness and development time that is positive in females but negative in males. Loosening the genetic bind between the sexes has evidently allowed the sexes to approach their distinct adaptive peaks.
Profiles of Emotion-antecedent Appraisal: Testing Theoretical Predictions across Cultures

Placed in a context of appraisal theories of emotion-elicitation and differentiation the present study pursues three aims: (1) testing theoretical predictions based on the author's Stimulus Evaluation Check (SEC) model; (2) examining the number and types of appraisal dimensions necessary for emotion differentiation and the relative importance of different dimensions; and (3) determining the similarity of emotion-specific appraisal profiles across cultures. The data reported were gathered in a large-scale intercultural study in which 2921 respondents in 37 countries were asked to recall recent experiences of joy, sadness, fear, anger, disgust, shame, and guilt; and toanswerquestions concerning theirappraisal of the emotion-eliciting event. The results support many but not all of the SEC model's predictions. Multiple discriminant analyses suggest that a relatively small number of appraisal dimensions may be sufficient to classify the major emotion categories with a reasonable degree of accuracy. Cross-cultu.
Association between oral malodour and periodontal disease-related parameters in the general population.

AIM To determine the association between halitosis detection and periodontal status in systemically healthy non-smokers and to assess whether halitosis was related to quantities of Fusobacterium nucleatum and Porphyromonas gingivalis on the tongue dorsum. METHODS Periodontal examinations, tongue coating determination, Halimeter® readings and organoleptic assessments of mouth odour were performed in 28 chronic periodontitis patients, 23 chronic gingivitis patients and 27 healthy individuals. The quantities of P. gingivalis and F. nucleatum were determined in tongue specimens by real-time PCR. RESULTS Halitosis was more likely to be detected in patients with periodontitis (OR = 9.2) and gingivitis (OR = 4.6) than in healthy subjects. The posterior tongue odour was similar for all groups; had the highest score of all organoleptic assessments and was significantly correlated with Halimeter® scores and the odour of the whole mouth air. Periodontitis patients harboured significantly greater amounts of P. gingivalis on their tongue, yet similar quantities of F. nucleatum compared to gingivitis patients and healthy subjects. The amount of P. gingivalis residing on the tongue dorsum of periodontitis patients was significantly associated with halitosis recordings, while the amount of F. nucleatum was related to tongue coating in healthy controls, which corroborates its role in biofilm formation. CONCLUSIONS Patients with periodontal disease were at higher risk for halitosis detection than healthy individuals. The posterior portion of the tongue dorsum seems to be an important source of odourous compounds, regardless of periodontal condition. P. gingivalis residing on the tongue of periodontitis patients may play a key role in oral malodour production.
Talking up learning at work: Cautionary tales in co‐opting everyday learning

Learning in workplaces is always mediated through talk. It is tempting for management to seek to utilise everyday talk as part of learning and therefore enhance productivity. This paper examines the responses of workers to interventions that aim to formalise informal conversations at work as part of an explicit workplace learning strategy. It draws on interviews with managers and workers in a public sector organisation to examine their experience of these practices. The paper raises questions about whether interventions in the name of fostering informal learning may well be hindering what they seek to promote.
Workplace diversity management in a multicultural society

This paper reports on an exploratory study into the extent of diversity management initiatives in organizations in one Canadian city. Diversity management originated in the USA where it is reportedly being embraced by many organizations and where it has become the basis of a large consulting business. Although a diverse workforce and workplace diversity management are often argued to be critical to organizational competitiveness, little is known about how Canadian organizations are reacting.
Bit-parallel finite field multipliers for irreducible trinomials

A new formulation for the canonical basis multiplication in the finite fields GF(2/sup m/) based on the use of a triangular basis and on the decomposition of a product matrix is presented. From this algorithm, a new method for multiplication (named transpositional) applicable to general irreducible polynomials is deduced. The transpositional method is based on the computation of 1-cycles and 2-cycles given by a permutation defined by the coordinate of the product to be computed and by the cardinality of the field GF(2/sup m/). The obtained cycles define groups corresponding to subexpressions that can be shared among the different product coordinates. This new multiplication method is applied to five types of irreducible trinomials. These polynomials have been widely studied due to their low-complexity implementations. The theoretical complexity analysis of the corresponding bit-parallel multipliers shows that the space complexities of our multipliers match the best results known to date for similar canonical GF(2/sup m/) multipliers. The most important new result is the reduction, in two of the five studied trinomials, of the time complexity with respect to the best known results.
ORIGINAL RESEARCH—EJACULATORY DISORDERS Treatment of Premature Ejaculation in the Asia-Pacific Region: Results from a Phase III Double-blind, Parallel-group Study of Dapoxetine

Introduction. Dapoxetine is a short-acting selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that was recently approved for the on-demand treatment of premature ejaculation (PE). Aim. To evaluate the efficacy and safety of dapoxetine 30 mg and 60 mg on demand (prn) in men with PE from the Asia-Pacific region. Methods. This randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial enrolled men who were 18 years or older; in a monogamous, heterosexual relationship for at least 6 months; met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition, text revision, criteria for PE for at least 6 months; and had an intravaginal ejaculatory latency time (IELT) of 2 minutes or less in at least 75% of sexual intercourse episodes. Subjects received placebo, dapoxetine 30 mg, or dapoxetine 60 mg prn (1-3 hours before intercourse) for 12 weeks. Main Outcome Measures. Stopwatch-measured Average IELT, the Premature Ejaculation Profile (PEP), Clinical Global Impression (CGI) of change in PE, treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs). Results. Of the 1,067 subjects randomized, 858 completed the study. Mean Average IELT increased from approxi- mately 1.1 minutes at baseline (across groups) to 2.4, 3.9, and 4.2 minutes with placebo, dapoxetine 30 mg, and dapoxetine 60 mg, respectively, and geometric mean Average IELT increased from approximately 0.9 minutes at baseline (across groups) to 1.8, 2.7, and 3.1 minutes, respectively (fold-increases of 2.0, 2.8, and 3.3, respectively). All PEP measures and the CGI of change were significantly improved with dapoxetine vs. placebo at study endpoint (P 0.005 for all). The most common TEAEs with dapoxetine included nausea, dizziness, somnolence, headache, vomiting, diarrhea, and nasopharyngitis; TEAEs led to discontinuation in 0.3%, 1.7%, and 5.1% of subjects with placebo, dapoxetine 30 mg, and dapoxetine 60 mg, respectively. Conclusions. Dapoxetine treatment significantly prolonged IELT and improved PEP measures and was generally well tolerated in men with PE in the Asia-Pacific region. McMahon C, Kim SW, Park NC, Chang C, Rivas D, Tesfaye F, Rothman M, and Aquilina J on behalf of the dapoxetine 3003 study investigators. Treatment of premature ejaculation in the Asia-Pacific region: Results from a phase III double-blind, parallel-group study of dapoxetine. J Sex Med 2010;7:256-268.
Comparison of measurement methods for the frequency range of 2 kHz to 150 kHz

The accurate and comparable measurement of voltages and currents in the frequency range of 2 kHz to 150 kHz is a basic requirement for the assessment of emission limits, compatibility levels and immunity limits and therefore important for a consistent standardization framework. Currently a measurement method for frequencies of 2 kHz to 9 kHz exists in the informative annex of IEC 61000-4-7, which could be extended in application to 150 kHz. The committee draft for vote of IEC 61000-4-30 Ed.3 proposes a new method for the frequency range of 9 kHz to 150 kHz, which is different from the aforementioned one. This paper identifies parameters with impact on measurement results and compares both methods based on multiple test signals, which are derived from lab measurements of different equipment and field measurements in low voltage networks. The comparison is carried out regarding the necessity of filters, chosen bandwidth, impact of band boundaries and methods for aggregation in time. The results show that the two measurement methods have individual benefits and drawbacks. Finally, the paper proposes several approaches to combine the advantages of both methods.
Curricula and Coursework: A Surprise Ending to a Familiar Story.

Previous research on high school tracking has neglected students' course enrollments and students' course grades as possible selection criteria for curriculum assignments and as possible mechanisms whereby track membership exercises its influence on school outcomes. The present study extends the Alexander, Cook, and McDill (1978) curriculum process model to include detailed information on students' coursework patterns over the junior high school and senior high school years. We find that traditional academic criteria, including relevant prior coursework and grade performance, are quite influential in determining students' high school track placements. We also find, however, that previous studies have overstated the potency and pervasiveness of curriculum's influence owing to their neglect of such selection criteria. Curriculum's actual influence is restricted to students' orientations toward postsecondary education, and it apparently has little to do with the sorts of "educational treatments" that justify curriculum differentiation in the functionalist perspective. We discuss these results in light of claims for curriculum's efficacy as an organizational intervention and conclude that much of what is observed in high school studies of school achievement processes simply reflects achievement trajectories set in motion years earlier. Attention is directed to experiences in the primary grades as a high priority for future research.
Towards a comprehensive conceptual framework for understanding principals’ personal‐professional growth

This paper presents a comprehensive conception of principals’ growth that is based on four psychological perspectives: humanistic fulfilment/actualisation, psycho‐dynamic, moral/identity development, and adaptive cognitive development. This conception views principals’ development as a journey in which principals attempt to master challenges in four distinct, yet related, domains: fulfilling basic needs and actualising potentialities, learning to cope with and moderate extreme, anxiety‐based strivings, forming reflection‐based individualised moral and educational vision, and constructing adaptation‐promoting knowledge and skills. For each perspective, we present its goal of growth, personal qualities reflecting principals’ growth and resulting from it, and ways of enhancing principals’ growth. It is proposed that a fully‐fledged growth process occurs when principals develop along the lines outlined according to all four perspectives. Discussion of the relations among the growth processes highlighted by the four perspectives suggests that it might be particularly difficult for principals to develop in the morality/identity domain. The last part of the paper focuses on determinants of principals’ growth that should receive more attention in research and in practice.
A Dilated Odontoma in the Second Molar Region of the Mandible

A case of dilated odontoma in the second molar region of the mandible was reported. The patient was a 14-year-old female. Panoramic X-ray and CT examination revealed an oval ring-shaped radiopaque lesion accompanying a radiolucent area in the center at the left second molar region of the mandible. The left second molar and all third molars were not found. The lesion was diagnosed as odontoma and extirpated under general anesthesia. The lesion was a spherical mass of 12x9mm. Histologically, the mass was composed of dentin arranged in an oval ring shape with dentinal tubules. Inside the dentin, immature enamel was present. The central area of the mass was filled with fibrous tissue with a small nest of bone and cementum. Bone tissue was also observed in contact with the immature enamel layer. These morphological and histological features are compatible with those of a dilated odontoma.
Plasmid insertion mutagenesis and lac gene fusion with mini-mu bacteriophage transposons

Small bacteriophage Mu transposable elements containing the lac operon structural genes were constructed to facilitate the isolation and use of Mu insertions and lac gene fusions. These mini-Mu elements have selectable genes for either ampicillin or kanamycin resistance and can be used to form both transcriptional and translational lac gene fusions. Some of the mini-Mu-lac elements constructed are deleted for the Mu A and B transposition genes and form stable insertions that cannot undergo transposition unless complemented for these functions. A procedure was developed for selecting mini-Mu insertions specifically into plasmids, including commonly used high-copy-number cloning vectors such as pBR322. Mu insertions in pBR322 were found to be distributed around the plasmid, but insertions in certain regions occurred more frequently than in others.
Plant remains from the Norse farm Sandnes in the western settlement, Greenland

Abstract Pollen and macrofossils have been determined in samples from the Norse midden and from a peat section one km away, covering the periods A.D. 1000–1200 and the past two millennia, resp. The midden samples, reflecting all aspects of daily life, includes Flax (Linum usitatissimum) and Corn Spurrey (Spergula arvensis). The vegetation that formed the peat in the fen profile reflects a dry period to the landnam, indicated by a charcoal stripe, and a more humid period after the extinction of the Norsemen.
Serum iron, total iron-binding capacity, transferrin and haptoglobin concentration in schizophrenic patients.

Serum transferrin, haptoglobin, iron concentrations and total iron -binding capacity were measured in 40 hospitalized schizophrenic patients and 42 healthy control subjects. Transfer rin and haptoglobin levels were assayed by immunoelectrophoretic methods while serum iron and total iron -binding capacity were determined chemically. There were no significant differences in any of the parameters investigated between the schizophrenic and healthy individuals. Analysis of the results also showed that the length of illness did not have any effect on these parameters.
Against the Tedium of Immortality

Abstract In a well-known paper, Bernard Williams argues that an immortal life would not be worth living, for it would necessarily become boring. I examine the implications for the boredom thesis of three human traits that have received insufficient attention in the literature on Williams’ paper. First, human memory decays, so humans would be entertained and driven by things that they experienced long before but had forgotten. Second, even if memory does not decay to the extent necessary to ward off boredom, once-satisfied desires often return after a sufficient period of time. Eternity would always contain sufficient time for our desires to rejuvenate. Third, even if too many of our desires were satisfied but not yet rejuvenated, we can expect that human ingenuity would continue to invent new pursuits, pastimes, careers, and ways of life that would prevent us from becoming bored as we moved from one to another. Finally, I consider and respond to several objections, including the claims that as much variety as I propose to be put into an eternal life is inconsistent with having one character throughout one’s life and that the sort of character change and memory decay I postulate is inconsistent with personal identity.
Development studies

Abstrak. As an effort to build the quality of human resources, organizations need to carry out human resource development which is a process of increasing knowledge, skills and abilities in order to achieve national development goals which include planning, development and management. Through research on performance improvement at the North Sumatra Province human resource development agency, this study aims to analyze the effect of work productivity on public services. The population and sample in this study were prospective civil servants, Alumni of the Latsar state civil apparatus who had attended the Basic Training for prospective civil servants at the North Sumatra provincial human resource development agency totaling 120 (one hundred and twenty) people. The results of this study are: 1) There is a positive effect of work productivity on performance improvement; (2) there is no positive effect of work productivity on public services; (3) there is a positive effect of performance improvement on public services; (4) there is a positive direct effect of work productivity on public services through performance improvement; (5) there is an indirect effect of work productivity on public services through performance improvement.
Can the Discretionary Nature of Certain Criteria Lead to Differential Prediction Across Cultural Groups?

We examined the conjecture that relations between constructs across cultures may be susceptible to cultural moderation where the performance of the criterion construct is discretionary. This hypothesis was investigated using the relationship between personality and three performance constructs, with samples from the United States and New Zealand, two ideologically distinct cultures with respect to achievement orientation. All hypotheses were supported by results of hierarchical moderated regression analyses using bias free measures, suggesting that considering whether construct behaviors are discretionary is important when considering the merit of generalizing research findings across cultures.
Asg7p-Ste3p Inhibition of Pheromone Signaling: Regulation of the Zygotic Transition to Vegetative Growth

ABSTRACT The inappropriate expression of the a-factor pheromone receptor (Ste3p) in the MATa cell leads to a striking inhibition of the yeast pheromone response, the result of a functional interaction between Ste3p and some MATa-specific protein. The present work identifies this protein as Asg7p. Normally, expression of Ste3p and Asg7p is limited to distinct haploid mating types, Ste3p toMATα cells and Asg7p to MATa cells. Artificial coexpression of the two in the same cell, either a or α, leads to dramatic inhibition of the pheromone response. Ste3p-Asg7p coexpression also perturbs the membrane trafficking of Ste3p: Ste3p turnover is slowed, a result of an Asg7p-mediated retardation of the secretory delivery of the newly synthesized receptor to the plasma membrane. However, in the absence of ectopic Ste3p expression, theasg7Δ mutation is without consequence either for pheromone signaling or overall mating efficiency of a cells. Indeed, the sole phenotype that can be assigned to MATaasg7Δ cells is observed following zygotic fusion to its α mating partner. Though formed at wild-type efficiency, zygotes from these pairings are morphologically abnormal. The pattern of growth is deranged: emergence of the first mitotic bud is delayed, and, in its place, growth is apparently diverted into a novel structure superficially resembling the polarized mating projection characteristic of haploid cells responding to pheromone. Together these results suggest a mechanism in which, following the zygotic fusion event, Ste3p and Asg7p gain access to one another and together act to repress the pheromone response, promoting the transition of the new diploid cell to vegetative growth.
Task Independent Fine Tuning for Word Embeddings

Representation learning of words, also known as word embedding technique, is based on the distributional hypothesis that words with similar semantic meanings have similar context. The selection of context window naturally has an influence on word vectors learned. However, it is found that the word vectors are often very sensitive to the defined context window, and unfortunately there is no unified optimal context window for all words. One impact of this issues is that, under a predefined context window, the semantic meanings of some words may not be well represented by the learned vectors. To alleviate the problem and improve word embeddings, we propose a task-independent fine-tuning framework in this paper. The main idea of the task-independent fine tuning is to integrate multiple word embeddings and lexical semantic resources to fine tune a target word embedding. The effectiveness of the proposed framework is tested by tasks of semantic similarity prediction, analogical reasoning, and sentence completion. Experiments results on six word embeddings and eight datasets show that the proposed fine-tuning framework could significantly improve word embeddings.