Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Hilbert 3/2 Structure and Weil-Petersson Metric on the Space of the Diffeomorphisms of the Circl

We gave a new very simple proof that the completion of the space of the diffeomorphism of the circle modulo conformal maps with respect to the Weil-Petersson Metric is a complex analytic manifold modeled on the Hilbert space with 3/2 Sobolev norm. Our proof is based on the analogue of the Hadamard Theorem that the exponentila map is a complex analytic map from the tanegnt space of a point of a simply connected manifold to the manifold.
Trends in twin birth outcomes and prenatal care utilization in the United States, 1981-1997.

CONTEXT Multiple births account for an increasing percentage of all low-birth-weight infants, preterm births, and infant mortality in the United States. Since 1981, the percentage of women with multiple births who received intensive prenatal care (defined as a high number of visits, exceeding the recommendation of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists by approximately 1 SD beyond the mean number of visits for women initiating care within each trimester) has increased significantly. OBJECTIVES To explore the hypothesis that more aggressive management of twin-birth pregnancies may be associated with changes in birth outcomes in this population. DESIGN, SETTING, AND SUBJECTS Cross-sectional and trend analysis of data from the National Center for Health Statistics' birth and infant death records for all twin births occurring in the United States between 1981 and 1997, excluding those with missing or inconsistent data. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Trends in preterm birth, low birth weight, preterm and term small-for-gestational-age (SGA) births, and infant mortality, by level of prenatal care utilization. RESULTS The preterm birth rate for twins increased from 40.9% in 1981 to 55.0% in 1997. The percentage of low-birth-weight infants increased from 51.0% to 54.0%. The preterm SGA rate also increased from 11.9% to 14.1%, while the term SGA rate decreased from 30.7% to 20.5%. For women with intensive prenatal care utilization, the preterm birth rate increased from 35.1% to 55.8%, compared with an increase from 50.6% to 59.2% among women with only adequate use. Twin preterm deliveries involving either induction or first cesarean delivery also increased from 21.9% to 27.3% between 1989-1991 and 1995-1997. The twin infant mortality rate for women with intensive prenatal care use declined between 1983 and 1996 and remained lower than the overall twin infant mortality rate. CONCLUSIONS An apparent increase in medical interventions in the management of twins may result in the seeming incongruity of more prenatal care and more preterm births; however, these data suggest that women with intensive prenatal care utilization also have a lower infant mortality rate. JAMA. 2000;283:335-341
Effective Targeting of Melanoma Cells by Combination of Mcl-1 and Bcl-2/Bcl-xL/Bcl-w Inhibitors

Recent advances in melanoma therapy have significantly improved the prognosis of metastasized melanoma. However, large therapeutic gaps remain that need to be closed by new strategies. Antiapoptotic Bcl-2 proteins critically contribute to apoptosis deficiency and therapy resistance. They can be targeted by BH3 mimetics, small molecule antagonists that mimic the Bcl-2 homology domain 3 (BH3) of proapoptotic BH3-only proteins. By applying in vitro experiments, we aimed to obtain an overview of the possible suitability of BH3 mimetics for future melanoma therapy. Thus, we investigated the effects of ABT-737 and ABT-263, which target Bcl-2, Bcl-xL and Bcl-w as well as the Bcl-2-selective ABT-199 and the Mcl-1-selective S63845, in a panel of four BRAF-mutated and BRAF-WT melanoma cell lines. None of the inhibitors showed significant effectiveness when used alone; however, combination of S63845 with each one of the three ABTs almost completely abolished melanoma cell survival and induced apoptosis in up to 50–90% of the cells. Special emphasis was placed here on the understanding of the downstream pathways involved, which may allow improved applications of these strategies. Thus, cell death induction was correlated with caspase activation, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, phosphorylation of histone H2AX, and ROS production. Caspase dependency was demonstrated by a caspase inhibitor, which blocked all effects. Upregulation of Mcl-1, induced by S63845 itself, as reported previously, was blocked by the combinations. Indeed, Mcl-1, as well as XIAP (X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis), were strongly downregulated by combination treatments. These findings demonstrate that melanoma cells can be efficiently targeted by BH3 mimetics, but the right combinations have to be selected. The observed pronounced activation of apoptosis pathways demonstrates the decisive role of apoptosis in the loss of cell viability by BH3 mimetics.
ISfinder: the reference centre for bacterial insertion sequences

ISfinder () is a dedicated database for bacterial insertion sequences (ISs). It has superseded the Stanford reference center. One of its functions is to assign IS names and to provide a focal point for a coherent nomenclature. It is also the repository for ISs. Each new IS is indexed together with information such as its DNA sequence and open reading frames or potential coding sequences, the sequence of the ends of the element and target sites, its origin and distribution together with a bibliography where available. Another objective is to continuously monitor ISs to provide updated comprehensive groupings or families and to provide some insight into their phylogenies. The site also contains extensive background information on ISs and transposons in general. Online tools are gradually being added. At present an online Blast facility against the entire bank is available. But additional features will include alignment capability, PsiBLAST and HMM profiles. ISfinder also includes a section on bacterial genomes and is involved in annotating the IS content of these genomes. Finally, this database is currently recommended by several microbiology journals for registration of new IS elements before their publication.
High-density MOM capacitor array with novel mortise-tenon structure for low-power SAR ADC

The design of capacitor structures have great impact on capacitance density, parasitic capacitance, routability, and matching quality of capacitor network in a SAR ADC, which may affect power, performance, and area of the whole data converter. Most of the recent studies focused on common-centroid placement and routing optimization of the capacitor network. Only few of them investigated the structures of highly integrated capacitors. In this paper, a novel mortise-tenon metal-oxide-metal capacitor structure is proposed, which has the advantages of high capacitance density and small parasitic capacitance. Based on the proposed structure, an integer-linear-programming based capacitor sizing and routing parasitic matching method is further introduced. Experimental results show that the proposed structure and method can achieve the best capacitance density and matching quality of the capacitor network in a SAR ADC.
Proteomics Discovery of Disease Biomarkers

Recent technological developments in proteomics have shown promising initiatives in identifying novel biomarkers of various diseases. Such technologies are capable of investigating multiple samples and generating large amount of data end-points. Examples of two promising proteomics technologies are mass spectrometry, including an instrument based on surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization, and protein microarrays. Proteomics data must, however, undergo analytical processing using bioinformatics. Due to limitations in proteomics tools including shortcomings in bioinformatics analysis, predictive bioinformatics can be utilized as an alternative strategy prior to performing elaborate, high-throughput proteomics procedures. This review describes mass spectrometry, protein microarrays, and bioinformatics and their roles in biomarker discovery, and highlights the significance of integration between proteomics and bioinformatics.
Diversity-integration trade-offs in MIMO detection

In this work, a MIMO detection problem is considered. At first, we derive the Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT) for arbitrary transmitted signals and arbitrary time-correlation of the disturbance. Then, we investigate design criteria for the transmitted waveforms in both power-unlimited and power-limited systems and we study the interplay among the rank of the optimized code matrix, the number of transmit diversity paths and the amount of energy integrated along each path. The results show that increasing the rank of the code matrix allows generating a larger number of diversity paths at the price of reducing the average signal-to-clutter level along each path.
Comparison of dysphagia outcomes between rostral and caudal lateral medullary infarct patients

ABSTRACT Objective: A detailed knowledge of dysphagia outcomes in lateral medullary infarct (LMI) patients would enable proper establishment of swallowing therapy goals and strategies. However, little is known about the impact of infarct location on dysphagia outcomes in patients with LMI. Methods: Twenty patients with rostral LMI (rostral group) and 20 patients with caudal LMI (caudal group) participated in the study. All patients underwent swallowing therapy, which included compensatory treatments and strengthening exercises, for >3 months. Dysphagia evaluation was performed twice (during the subacute stage and six months after stroke onset) using videofluoroscopic swallowing studies. Dysphagia degree was assessed using the functional dysphagia scale (FDS), the penetration–aspiration scale (PAS) and the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association (ASHA) National Outcome Measurement System (NOMS) swallowing scale. Results: In the subacute stage, the rostral group had significantly higher FDS and PAS scores and a significantly lower ASHA NOMS score than the caudal group. Patients from both groups showed significant improvement from the initial evaluation to the six-month evaluation. There were no significant differences in these scale scores between the two groups at the six-month evaluation. Conclusion: In the subacute stage, patients in the rostral group had more severe dysphagia than those in the caudal group. Dysphagia improved in both groups after 3–6 months of swallowing therapy. At six months after onset, there were no significant differences in dysphagia severity between the two groups. Recovery from dysphagia after LMI was observed regardless of the infarct location.
Induction of Long-term Depression-like Plasticity by Pairings of Motor Imagination and Peripheral Electrical Stimulation

Long-term depression (LTD) and long-term potentiation (LTP)-like plasticity are models of synaptic plasticity which have been associated with memory and learning. The induction of LTD and LTP-like plasticity, using different stimulation protocols, has been proposed as a means of addressing abnormalities in cortical excitability associated with conditions such as focal hand dystonia and stroke. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the excitability of the cortical projections to the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle could be decreased when dorsiflexion of the ankle joint was imagined and paired with peripheral electrical stimulation (ES) of the nerve supplying the antagonist soleus muscle. The effect of stimulus timing was evaluated by comparing paired stimulation timed to reach the cortex before, at and after the onset of imagined movement. Fourteen healthy subjects participated in six experimental sessions held on non-consecutive days. The timing of stimulation delivery was determined oﬄine based on the contingent negative variation (CNV) of electroencephalography brain data obtained during imagined dorsiflexion. Afferent stimulation was provided via a single pulse ES to the peripheral nerve paired, based on the CNV, with motor imagination of ankle dorsiflexion. A significant decrease (P = 0.001) in the excitability of the cortical projection of TA was observed when the afferent volley from the ES of the tibial nerve (TN) reached the cortex at the onset of motor imagination based on the CNV. When TN stimulation was delivered before (P = 0.62), or after (P = 0.23) imagined movement onset there was no significant effect. Nor was a significant effect found when ES of the TN was applied independent of imagined movement (P = 0.45). Therefore, the excitability of the cortical projection to a muscle can be inhibited when ES of the nerve supplying the antagonist muscle is precisely paired with the onset of imagined movement.
Osteoplastic Flap for Frontal Sinus Obliteration in the Era of Image-Guided Endoscopic Sinus Surgery

Background This study evaluates the management of frontal sinus disease using osteoplastic flap surgery (OPFS) in the current era of image-guided endoscopic sinus surgery (IGESS). Study Design: A retrospective chart review was performed of patients who underwent OPFS and imaged-guided endoscopic frontal sinus surgery in the past 10 years at a tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods Chart reviews of clinic patients and inpatients who underwent OPFS were performed. Indications for surgery, prior sinus surgeries, time to OPFS, post-OPFS sinus surgeries, and associated comorbid factors were reviewed. Results In the period under review, 710 IGESS cases were performed. Thirty patients, who were candidates for OPFS, underwent IGESS for frontoethmoid disease. Fourteen patients from this group failed IGESS and underwent OPFS. The indications for OPFS included mucocele in 10 cases, tumors in 2 cases, and trauma in 2 cases. Four patients underwent revision OPFS. The patients who failed IGESS had prior trauma, tumor resection, radiation, or large septate frontal sinus with lateral extension in which the mucocele could not be drained endoscopically. The average time to OPFS was 6.2 years (0–27 years). Nine patients had prior sinus surgery (1–7 prior surgeries) and five patients had subsequent endoscopic surgical procedures. Conclusion In all patients with frontal mucocele, surgery should be attempted endoscopically using IGESS because of the low morbidity of the procedure. Patients with risk factors for failure should be considered for OPFS if IGESS proves to be unsuccessful.
Ultraviolet Radiation Quasi-Periodicities and Their Possible Link with the Cosmic Ray and Solar Interplanetary Data

In this study, solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation data collected in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 2015 and 2022 were analyzed to explore quasi-periodicities in the UV time series. The power spectrum density analysis revealed several local peaks that exceeded the 95% confidence interval. These peaks included periodicities of 483–490 days, 272 days, 157−162 days, 103−110 days, 64–72 days, 27 days, and 13 days. To investigate the potential influence of space weather parameters on UV radiation, data on cosmic rays, solar radio flux at 10.7 cm (F10.7 cm), the Kp index, and solar wind speed for the same time period were examined. The aim was to identify periodicities in these variables that aligned with those found in the UV radiation data. The analysis reveals that several periodicities observed in the UV radiation spectrum are also present in the spectra of the considered parameters. Prominent periodicities include a 270-day cycle in UV radiation and cosmic rays, as well as periodicities of 72 days, 27 days, and 13 days in all considered variables. Furthermore, 110-day peaks are observed in spectrum of the UV radiation, the Kp index, solar radio flux F10.7, and solar wind speed. Notably, consistent peaks at 157-day periodicity are identified in the UV spectrum, also present in the spectra of all the considered variables (cosmic rays ∼162 days, Kp index ∼162 days, solar radio flux ∼156 days, and solar wind speed ∼163 days). The identification of common periodicities between UV radiation and space weather parameters in this study provides compelling evidence of a potential direct or indirect influence of solar variations on UV radiation. This finding significantly enhances our understanding of the impact of extraterrestrial factors, particularly solar activity, on the Earth’s environment.
Efecto del aporte de enmiendas orgánicas sobre propiedades físicas e hidrológicas de un suelo urbano degradado

espanolLos suelos de las areas urbanas y suburbanas suelen sufrir la perdida del horizonte superficial, con grave deterioro en sus propiedades hidraulicas y fisicas. Para remediar esta situacion es necesario el aporte de grandes cantidades de materia organica, usualmente residuos organicos. Aun no esta claro si la aplicacion de esos residuos en superficie es mas eficiente que su mezcla y enterramiento, para mejorar las propiedades de los suelos. Se estudio el efecto del agregado de diferentes mezclas basadas en biosolidos, sobre las llamadas "areas de flujo preferencial" (AFP) y otras propiedades fisicas e hidrologicas de la masa subsuperficial de un suelo disturbado. Se llevo a cabo un experimento en columnas, rellenadas con el horizonte Bt de un Argiudol tipico y tratamientos basados en el agregado superficial o semienterrado de mezclas de aserrin y biosolido, arena y biosolido y compost de biosolido. Se cuantificaron AFP, densidad aparente, contenido de humedad, tasa de infiltracion basica y se calcularon la porosidad total y el indice de expansion-contraccion. El horizonte Bt presento el menor porcentaje de AFP. Los tratamientos con agregado de compost y mezclas de biosolido con arena o aserrin presentaron mayor porcentaje de AFP. La densidad aparente disminuyo y la infiltracion aumento con el agregado de enmiendas organicas. No se observaron diferencias entre aplicar las enmiendas organicas en superficie o incorporadas y mezcladas en la capa superficial. EnglishThe soils of urban and suburban areas are very often subjected to the A horizon removal, which cause a strong hydraulical and physical properties degradation. To remediate this problem, the addition of large quantities of organic matter, usually organic residues, is needed. It is still not clear whether or not the surface application of those residues is more efficient than its mix within the topsoils, to improve soil properties. The effects of different mixes based on biosolids on the so called "Preferential flow paths" (PFP) and other hydraulical and physical properties of underlying soil was studied. An experiment was performed in columns, filled with the Bt horizon of a Typic Argiudoll. Biosolid mixed with sawdust or sand or composted were applied on surface or mixed within topsoil. PFP, bulk density, water content, and water infiltration rate were measured and total porosity and the Shrink-Swelling Index were calculated. The lower PFP percentage was found in the control (Bt horizon). Treatments receiving compost and biosolid mixes showed significant higher PFP percentage. Bulk density decreased and water infiltration increased after organic materials were applied. The hydraulical and physical properties of underlying soil improved both when organic materials were applied on surface or mixed within the control topsoils.
The Impact of Pore‐Scale Flow Regimes on Upscaling of Immiscible Two‐Phase Flow in Porous Media

Empirical or theoretical extensions of Darcy's law for immiscible two‐phase flow have shown significant limitations in properly modeling the flow at the continuum scale. We tackle this problem by proposing a set of upscaled equations based on pore‐scale flow regimes, that is, the topology of flowing phases. The incompressible Navier‐Stokes equation is upscaled by means of multiple‐scale expansions and its closures derived from the mechanical energy balance for different flow regimes at the pore scale. We also derive the applicability conditions of the upscaled equations based on the order of magnitude of relevant dimensionless numbers, that is, Eotvos, Reynolds, capillary, Froude numbers, and the viscosity and density ratio of the system, as well as a set of closures valid for the basic flow regimes of low Eotvos number systems, that is, core‐annular and plug and drop traffic flows. We provide analytical expressions for the relative permeability of the wetting and nonwetting phases in different flow regimes and demonstrate that the effect of the flowing‐phases topology on the relative permeabilities is significant. Finally, we show that the classical two‐phase Darcy law is recovered for a limited range of operative conditions, while specific terms accounting for interfacial and wall interactions should be incorporated to accurately model ganglia or drop traffic flow.
Internal and marginal fit Of pressed and cad lithium disilicate crowns made from digital and conventional impressions

Recommended Citation Anadioti, Evanthia. "Internal and marginal fit Of pressed and cad lithium disilicate crowns made from digital and conventional impressions. ii To my family, your love and support made it all worthwhile. iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First and foremost I wish to express my sincere appreciation and gratitude to Dr. Steven A. Aquilino, my thesis supervisor, for his phenomenal knowledge, invaluable guidance, patience during the frustrating times and commitment to the highest standards in every step of this research project. I would, also, like to thank my thesis committee, their help, time, encouragement and recommendations throughout the last three years. I, also, wish to thank Dr. Fang Qian, for the statistical analysis and Dr. Marcos Vargas for his help with the E4D system. Special thanks to Mr. R Henry Husemann for his time, skills and help with the pressing procedure and to Mr. Josh Kistner, from the Geomagic technical support, for his generous time, support and knowledge in developing a protocol for the measuremnets. I would like to acknlowledge the University of Iowa for providing me the facilities to complete this project. I am grateful for the financial support received from the Academy of Esthetic Denstirty and the Greater New York Academy of Prosthodontics, as well as for the generous donation of their porducts from Ivoclar Vivadent and Whip Mix Corp.
Understanding the role of growth factors in embryonic development: insights from the lens

Growth factors play key roles in influencing cell fate and behaviour during development. The epithelial cells and fibre cells that arise from the lens vesicle during lens morphogenesis are bathed by aqueous and vitreous, respectively. Vitreous has been shown to generate a high level of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) signalling that is required for secondary lens fibre differentiation. However, studies also show that FGF signalling is not sufficient and roles have been identified for transforming growth factor-β and Wnt/Frizzled families in regulating aspects of fibre differentiation. In the case of the epithelium, key roles for Wnt/β-catenin and Notch signalling have been demonstrated in embryonic development, but it is not known if other factors are required for its formation and maintenance. This review provides an overview of current knowledge about growth factor regulation of differentiation and maintenance of lens cells. It also highlights areas that warrant future study.