Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Adaptive Sampling of RF Fingerprints for Fine-Grained Indoor Localization

Indoor localization is a supporting technology for a broadening range of pervasive wireless applications. One promising approach is to locate users with radio frequency fingerprints. However, its wide adoption in real-world systems is challenged by the time- and manpower-consuming site survey process, which builds a fingerprint database <italic>a priori</italic> for localization. To address this problem, we visualize the 3-D RF fingerprint data as a function of locations (x-y) and indices of access points (fingerprint), as a <italic>tensor</italic> and use tensor algebraic methods for an <italic>adaptive</italic> tubal-sampling of this fingerprint space. In particular, using a recently proposed tensor algebraic framework in <xref ref-type="bibr" rid="ref1">[1]</xref> , we capture the complexity of the fingerprint space as a low-dimensional tensor-column space. In this formulation, the proposed scheme exploits adaptivity to identify reference points which are highly informative for learning this low-dimensional space. Further, under certain incoherency conditions, we prove that the proposed scheme achieves bounded recovery error and near-optimal sampling complexity. In contrast to several existing work that rely on random sampling, this paper shows that adaptivity in sampling can lead to significant improvements in localization accuracy. The approach is validated on both data generated by the ray-tracing indoor model which accounts for the floor plan and the impact of walls and the real world data. Simulation results show that, while maintaining the same localization accuracy of existing approaches, the amount of samples can be cut down by <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX"> $71$</tex-math><alternatives><inline-graphic xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="wang-ieq1-2505729.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> percent for the high SNR case and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$55$</tex-math><alternatives> <inline-graphic xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="wang-ieq2-2505729.gif"/></alternatives></inline-formula> percent for the low SNR case.
The Effect of Medicinal Cannabis on Pain and Quality-of-Life Outcomes in Chronic Pain: A Prospective Open-label Study

Objectives:The objective of this prospective, open-label study was to determine the long-term effect of medicinal cannabis treatment on pain and functional outcomes in participants with treatment-resistant chronic pain. Patients and Methods:The primary outcome was the change in the pain symptom score on the S-TOPS (Treatment Outcomes in Pain Survey—Short Form) questionnaire at the 6-month follow-up in an intent-to-treat population. Secondary outcomes included the change in S-TOPS physical, social, and emotional disability scales, the pain severity, and pain interference on the Brief Pain Inventory, sleep problems, and the change in opioid consumption. Results:A total of 274 participants were approved for treatment; complete baseline data were available for 206 (intent-to-treat), and complete follow-up data for 176 participants. At follow-up, the pain symptom score improved from median 83.3 (95% confidence interval [CI], 79.2-87.5) to 75.0 (95% CI, 70.8-79.2) (P<0.001). The pain severity score (7.50 [95% CI, 6.75-7.75] to 6.25 [95% CI, 5.75-6.75]) and the pain interference score (8.14 [95% CI, 7.28-8.43] to 6.71 [95% CI, 6.14-7.14]) improved (both P<0.001), together with most social and emotional disability scores. Opioid consumption at follow-up decreased by 44% (P<0.001). Serious adverse effects led to treatment discontinuation in 2 participants. Discussion:The treatment of chronic pain with medicinal cannabis in this open-label, prospective cohort resulted in improved pain and functional outcomes, and a significant reduction in opioid use. Results suggest long-term benefit of cannabis treatment in this group of patients, but the study’s noncontrolled nature should be considered when extrapolating the results.
Shp 2 Plays a Critical Role in IL-6-Induced EMT in Breast Cancer Cells

Accumulative evidence demonstrates that the protein tyrosine phosphatase Shp2 functions as a powerful tumor promoter in many types of cancers. Abnormal expression of Shp2 has been implicated in many human malignancies. Overexpression of Shp2 in cancer tissues is correlated with cancer metastasis, resistance to targeted therapy, and poor prognosis. The well-known function of Shp2 is its positive role in regulating cellular signaling initiated by growth factors and cytokines, including interleukin-6 (IL-6). Several recent studies have shown that Shp2 is required for epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), triggered by growth factors. However, whether Shp2 is involved in IL-6-signaling-promoted breast cancer EMT and progression, remains undefined. In this study, we showed that exogenous and endogenous IL-6 can enhance breast cancer invasion and migration, through the promotion of EMT. IL-6 also induces the activation of Erk1/2 and the phosphorylation of Shp2. Knockdown of Shp2 attenuated the IL-6-induced downregulation of E-cadherin, as well as IL-6-promoted cell migration and invasion. Moreover, by using Shp2 phosphatase mutants, phosphor-tyrosine mimicking, and deficiency mutants, we provided evidence that the phosphatase activity of Shp2 and its tyrosine phosphorylation, are necessary for the IL-6-induced downregulation of E-cadherin and the phosphorylation of Erk1/2. Our findings uncover an important function that links Shp2 to IL-6-promoted breast cancer progression.
Toward Multi-Engine Machine Translation

Current MT systems, whatever translation method they at present employ, do not reach an optimum output on free text. Our hypothesis for the experiment reported in this paper is that if an MT environment can use the best results from a variety of MT systems working simultaneously on the same text, the overall quality will improve. Using this novel approach to MT in the latest version of the Pangloss MT project, we submit an input text to a battery of machine translation systems (engines), collect their (possibly, incomplete) results in a joint chart-like data structure and select the overall best translation using a set of simple heuristics. This paper describes the simple mechanism we use for combining the findings of the various translation engines.
Physical Activity and Exertional Desaturation Are Associated with Mortality in Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a chronic lung disease that manifests in hypoxemia, inactivity, and poor prognosis. This study aimed to assess the prognostic role of physical activity (PA) and exertional desaturation (ED) with mortality in IPF. At baseline, 34 IPF patients (68 (50–81) years) were interviewed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), and SpO2 was assessed pre to post 6-min walking test (∆SpO2). Patients were prospectively followed up for 40 months. Receiver operating characteristics curve analysis determined cut-off points associated with mortality, and Cox proportional hazard ratio (HR) were conducted. Thresholds for increased mortality risk in IPF patients were determined as IPAQ ≤ 417 metabolic equivalent task (METS)-min/week, p = 0.004 (HR; 9.7, CI 95% (1.3–71.9), p = 0.027), and ∆SpO2 ≥ 10%, p = 0.002, (HR; 23.3, CI 95% (1.5–365), p = 0.025). This study demonstrated a significant association of PA and ED with mortality in IPF patients. The findings emphasize the clinical importance of PA and ED assessments to aid in IPF risk stratification, prognosis prediction, and in providing early appropriate treatments, such as pulmonary rehabilitation, PA consultation, oxygen supplementation, and lung transplantation referral. These results underscore that even low levels of PA corresponding to 100–105 min/week were associated with a reduced mortality risk and better survival in IPF.
Genetically heterogeneous selective intestinal malabsorption of vitamin B12: Founder effects, consanguinity, and high clinical awareness explain aggregations in Scandinavia and the Middle East

Selective intestinal malabsorption of vitamin B12 causing juvenile megaloblastic anemia (MGA; MIM# 261100) is a recessively inherited disorder that is believed to be rare except for notable clusters of cases in Finland, Norway, and the Eastern Mediterranean region. The disease can be caused by mutations in either the cubilin (CUBN; MGA1; MIM# 602997) or the amnionless (AMN; MIM# 605799) gene. To explain the peculiar geographical distribution, we hypothesized that mutations in one of the genes would mainly be responsible for the disease in Scandinavia, and mutations in the other gene in the Mediterranean region. We studied 42 sibships and found all cases in Finland to be due to CUBN (three different mutations) and all cases in Norway to be due to AMN (two different mutations), while in Turkey, Israel, and Saudi Arabia, there were two different AMN mutations and three different CUBN mutations. Haplotype evidence excluded both CUBN and AMN conclusively in five families and tentatively in three families, suggesting the presence of at least one more gene locus that can cause MGA. We conclude that the Scandinavian cases are typical examples of enrichment by founder effects, while in the Mediterranean region high degrees of consanguinity expose rare mutations in both genes. We suggest that in both regions, physician awareness of this disease causes it to be more readily diagnosed than elsewhere; thus, it may well be more common worldwide than previously thought. Hum Mutat 23:327–333, 2004 © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Extracellular Nucleotides Induce Arterial Smooth Muscle Cell Migration Via Osteopontin

Migration and proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells (SMCs) play a prominent role in the development of atherosclerotic plaques and restenosis lesions. Most of the growth-regulatory molecules potentially involved in these pathological conditions also demonstrate chemotactic properties. Extracellular purine and pyrimidine nucleotides have been shown to induce cell cycle progression and to elicit growth of cultured vascular SMCs. Moreover, the P2Y2 ATP/UTP receptor was overexpressed in intimal thickening, suggesting a role of these nucleotides in vascular remodeling. Using the Transwell system migration assay, we demonstrate that extracellular ATP, UTP, and UDP exhibit a concentration-dependent chemotactic effect on cultured rat aortic SMCs. UTP, the most powerful nucleotide inducer of migration, elicited significant responses from 10 nmol/L. In parallel, UTP increased osteopontin expression dose-dependently. The blockade of osteopontin or its integrin receptors &agr;v&bgr;3/&bgr;5 by specific antibodies or antagonists inhibited UTP-induced migration. Moreover, the blockade of ERK-1/ERK-2 MAP kinase or rho protein pathways led to the inhibition of both UTP-induced osteopontin increase and migration, demonstrating the central role of osteopontin in this process. Taken together, these results suggest that extracellular nucleotides, and particularly UTP, can induce arterial SMC migration via the action of osteopontin.
Computational analysis of membrane proteins: genomic occurrence, structure prediction and helix interactions

We review recent computational advances in the study of membrane proteins, focusing on those that have at least one transmembrane helix. Transmembrane protein regions are, in many respects, easier to investigate computationally than experimentally, due to the uniformity of their structure and interactions (e.g. consisting predominately of nearly parallel helices packed together) on one hand and presenting the challenges of solubility on the other. We present the progress made on identifying and classifying membrane proteins into families, predicting their structure from amino-acid sequence patterns (using many different methods), and analyzing their interactions and packing. The total result of this work allows us for the first time to begin to think about the membrane protein interactome, the set of all interactions between distinct transmembrane helices in the lipid bilayer.
Greater Rupture Risk for Familial as Compared to Sporadic Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms

Background and Purpose— The risk of intracranial aneurysm (IA) rupture in asymptomatic members of families who have multiple affected individuals is not known. Methods— First-degree unaffected relatives of those with a familial history of IA who had a history of smoking or hypertension but no known IA were offered cerebral MR angiography (MRA) and followed yearly as part of a National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke-funded study of familial IA (Familial Intracranial Aneurysm [FIA] Study). Results— A total of 2874 subjects from 542 FIA Study families were enrolled. After study enrollment, MRAs were performed in 548 FIA Study family members with no known history of IA. Of these 548 subjects, 113 subjects (20.6%) had 148 IAs by MRA of whom 5 subjects had IA ≥7 mm. Two subjects with an unruptured IA by MRA/CT angiography (3-mm and 4-mm anterior communicating artery) subsequently had rupture of their IA. This represents an annual rate of 1.2 ruptures per 100 subjects (1.2% per year; 95% CI, 0.14% to 4.3% per year). None of the 435 subjects with a negative MRA have had a ruptured IA. Survival curves between the MRA-positive and -negative cohorts were significantly different (P=0.004). This rupture rate of unruptured IA in the FIA Study cohort of 1.2% per year is approximately 17 times higher than the rupture rate for subjects with an unruptured IA in the International Study of Unruptured Aneurysm Study with a matched distribution of IA size and location 0.069% per year. Conclusions— Small unruptured IAs in patients from FIA Study families may have a higher risk of rupture than sporadic unruptured IAs of similar size, which should be considered in the management of these patients.
Antimullerian Hormone Changes after Laparoscopic Ovarian Cystectomy for Endometrioma Compared with the Nonovarian Conditions

Laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy is recommended for surgical procedure of endometrioma. The negative impact on ovarian reserve following removal had been documented. Little evidence had been reported for nonovarian originated effects. Objective. To evaluate the impact of laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy for endometrioma on ovarian reserve, measured by serum antimullerian hormone (AMH), compared to nonovarian pelvic surgery. Materials and Methods. A prospective study was conducted. Women who underwent laparoscopic ovarian cystectomy (LOC) and laparoscopic nonovarian pelvic surgery (NOS) were recruited and followed up through 6 months. Clinical baseline data and AMH were evaluated. Results. 39 and 38 participants were enrolled in LOC and NOS groups, respectively. Baseline characteristics (age, weight, BMI, and height) and preoperative AMH level between 2 groups were not statistically different. After surgery, AMH of both groups decreased since the first week, at 1 month and at 3 months. However, as compared to the LOC group at 6 months after operation, the mean AMH of the NOS group had regained its value with a highly significant difference. Conclusion. This study demonstrated the negative impact of nonovarian or indirect effects of laparoscopic surgery to ovarian reserve. The possible mechanisms are necessary for more investigations.
Influence of heat on protein degradation, ultrastructure and eating quality indicators of pork.

BACKGROUND Heating temperature is an important factor affecting meat palatability. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of heating temperature on some eating quality indicators, protein degradation and ultrastructure of pork muscle fibres and their correlations. RESULTS Cooking loss (CL) increased gradually (P < 0.05) with increasing temperature. Warner-Bratzler shear force (WBSF) increased in two separate phases from 25 to 50 °C and again from 60 to 100 °C (P < 0.05), with a steady phase from 50 to 60 °C (P > 0.05); conversely, a significant increase in pH (P < 0.05) occurred between 50 and 60 °C. Strong correlations (P < 0.01) among pH, CL, WBSF and colour parameters L* and b* were observed following the heating process. Increasing temperature induced gradual degradation of many muscle proteins, but myosin was not significantly degraded until 80 °C and actin showed no visible degradation throughout the whole heating process. Meanwhile, the structure of muscle fibres also changed significantly on heating, with sarcomeres contracting transversely and longitudinally and becoming condensed, but there was no occurrence of breakage within fibres. CONCLUSION Heating temperature has a great effect on eating quality indicators, protein degradation and ultrastructure of pork muscle fibres.
Maximizing Band Gaps in Two-Dimensional Photonic Crystals

Photonic crystals are periodic structures composed of dielectric materials and designed to exhibit band gaps, i.e., ranges of frequencies in which electromagnetic waves cannot propagate, or other interesting spectral behavior. Structures with large band gaps are of great interest for many important applications. In this paper, the problem of designing structures that exhibit maximal band gaps is considered. Admissible structures are constrained to be composed of "mixtures" of two given dielectric materials. The optimal design problem is formulated, existence of a solution is proved, a simple optimization algorithm is described, and several numerical examples are presented.
Learning Causal Structure from Reasoning

According to the transitive dynamics model, people can construct causal structures by linking together configurations of force. The predictions of the model were tested in two experiments in which participants generated new causal relationships by chaining together two (Experiment 1) or three (Experiment 2) causal relations. The predictions of the transitive dynamics model were compared against those of Goldvarg and Johnson-Laird’s model theory (Goldvarg & Johnson- Laird, 2001). The transitive dynamics model consistently predicted the overall causal relationship drawn by participants for both types of causal chains, and, when compared to the model theory, provided a better fit to the data. The results suggest that certain kinds of causal reasoning may depend on force dynamic—rather than on logical or purely statistical—representations.
Ab initio study of the effect of charge localisation on the properties of defects in magnesium oxide and zirconolite

The localisation of excited electrons on defects in ceramic materials has a significant effect on the evolution of damage resulting from irradiation. The localisation of charge on a defect will change the charge state of that defect, which will affect the position of the defect level and change the defect properties. In ceramic materials for encapsulating radioactive waste the alpha decay of the actinide results in the accumulation of helium within the lattice, which will affect the durability of the waste and alter the performance of the waste form. DFT was used to study the structure and mobility of defects in different charge states for two ceramic materials. MgO was used as a model oxide due to the simple crystal structure. It was found that the charge state has a significant effect on the structure and mobility of the oxygen defects. The localisation of a hole onto the O2- interstitial significantly reduces its migration barrier. The effect of charge localisation on a hexa-interstitial cluster was investigated and it was found that the charge state affects the migration barriers, with the singly-charged cluster again having the lowest migration barrier. Zirconolite, a proposed encapsulation matrix for plutonium, was also studied. The monoclinic crystal structure comprises of layers of alternating 5 and 6 coordinated Ti-O polyhedra, separated by layers of alternating Ca and Zr ions. The structures of intrinsic defects, in different charge states, were studied and a significant effect on the defective structure of Zr and Ti vacancies was observed. Ab initio random structure searching was used to identify the lowest energy interstitial site for each species. DFT-D3 was used to study the structure, mobility and binding of a He atom in zirconolite. It was found that the neutral 5-fold coordinated Ti vacancy was the strongest binding site.
Polymorphisms in PPAR Genes (PPARD, PPARG, and PPARGC1A) and the Risk of Chronic Kidney Disease in Japanese: Cross-Sectional Data from the J-MICC Study

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is well known as a strong risk factor for both end stage renal disease and cardiovascular disease. To clarify the association of polymorphisms in the PPAR genes (PPARD, PPARG, and PPARGC1A) with the risk of CKD in Japanese, we examined this association among the Japanese subjects using the cross-sectional data of J-MICC (Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort) Study. The subjects for this analysis were 3,285 men and women, aged 35–69 years, selected from J-MICC Study participants; genotyping was conducted by multiplex polymerase chain reaction-based Invader assay. The prevalence of CKD was determined for CKD stages 3–5 (defined as eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2). Participants with CKD accounted for 17.3% of the study population. When those with PPARD T-842C T/T were defined as reference, those with PPARD T-842C T/C and C/C demonstrated the OR for CKD of 1.26 (95%CI 1.04–1.53) and 1.31 (95%CI 0.83–2.06), respectively. There were no significant associations between the polymorphisms in other PPAR genes and the risk of CKD. The present study found a significantly increased risk of CKD in those with the C allele of PPARD T-842C, which may suggest the possibility of personalized risk estimation of this life-limiting disease in the near future.