Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Useful is Career Planning for Today′s Managers?

The utility of career planning for managers is evaluated. The current activities and beliefs of practising managers are drawn on. The results of a study of 50 women and men managers support other empirical findings and point to the absence of career planning and future plans in managers′ lives. This is contrary to the advice given to women managers, in particular, which advocates the importance of career planning in career advancement. Implications drawn for management development suggest that career planning is not useful as a broad strategy for advancement, is a misnomer, and may lead managers into following plans rather than developing the flexibility to take opportunities.
An Investigation of the Effect of Different Data Presentation Formats and Order of Arguments in a Simulated Adversary Evaluation

A judicial model of evaluation has been proposed as an approach to facilitate the use of information for decisionmaking (Wolf, 1974; 1979). The actual judicial hearing can take various forms. In some presentations of the model, one evaluator serves as an advocate of the program. Wolf (1979) presents examples of how the model has been employed and reports its impact on decisionmaking. There has been debate about the model's utility, however (Popham & Carlson, 1977; Thurston, 1978), and there is a need to find out more about
A Computational Model for Understanding Stem Cell, Trophectoderm and Endoderm Lineage Determination

Background Recent studies have associated the transcription factors, Oct4, Sox2 and Nanog as parts of a self-regulating network which is responsible for maintaining embryonic stem cell properties: self renewal and pluripotency. In addition, mutual antagonism between two of these and other master regulators have been shown to regulate lineage determination. In particular, an excess of Cdx2 over Oct4 determines the trophectoderm lineage whereas an excess of Gata-6 over Nanog determines differentiation into the endoderm lineage. Also, under/over-expression studies of the master regulator Oct4 have revealed that some self-renewal/pluripotency as well as differentiation genes are expressed in a biphasic manner with respect to the concentration of Oct4. Methodology/Principal Findings We construct a dynamical model of a minimalistic network, extracted from ChIP-on-chip and microarray data as well as literature studies. The model is based upon differential equations and makes two plausible assumptions; activation of Gata-6 by Oct4 and repression of Nanog by an Oct4–Gata-6 heterodimer. With these assumptions, the results of simulations successfully describe the biphasic behavior as well as lineage commitment. The model also predicts that reprogramming the network from a differentiated state, in particular the endoderm state, into a stem cell state, is best achieved by over-expressing Nanog, rather than by suppression of differentiation genes such as Gata-6. Conclusions The computational model provides a mechanistic understanding of how different lineages arise from the dynamics of the underlying regulatory network. It provides a framework to explore strategies of reprogramming a cell from a differentiated state to a stem cell state through directed perturbations. Such an approach is highly relevant to regenerative medicine since it allows for a rapid search over the host of possibilities for reprogramming to a stem cell state.
Serious Leisure as a Positive Contributor to Social Inclusion for People with Intellectual Disabilities

Abstract Historically people with intellectual disabilities have been treated deplorably, locked away in institutions, often experiencing vile and degrading conditions. In Australia it was not until the mid-1980's that humane legislation and policy changes occurred. These changes were based on principles of normalization and social role valorization (Wolfensberger, 1972), and as a result the basic human rights of people with disabilities began to be recognized. However, the provision of leisure services have been slow to respond to the new legislation because of the unfounded belief that people with intellectual disabilities lacked the necessary abilities and competencies to develop long term or serious leisure activities (Stebbins, 1982). Policy changes at government levels now placed greater emphasis on individualized leisure programs, rather than large group diversional programs, so as to encourage people with intellectual disabilities to be included in community living. This has not been as successful as originally intended for two reasons: negative attitudes toward people with disabilities, and a lack of financial support for inclusive leisure programs. This paper challenges the belief that leisure experiences are not important for people with disabilities, and suggests that it is imperative for leisure education programs to be funded that focus on the long term development of serious leisure skills and competencies. Serious leisure activities (such as amateurism, hobbies and volunteer work) are generally found to be challenging, require a great deal of commitment, are valued by the community, and contain a status system and a network of devotees, colleagues and friends. This forms the basis for self-respect and self-esteem and leads to greater acceptance and social inclusion in the community.
The role of acculturation in the emerging adulthood of aboriginal college students

Compared to traditional, non-Western cultures, emerging adulthood (18–25 years of age) may look considerably different in cultures that place emphasis on the group (i.e., collectivistic) over the individual (i.e., individualistic). However, within minority cultures, individual members vary on the extent to which they identify with their heritage culture. Thus, the purpose of this study was to explore the role that culture, particularly acculturation to Canadian aboriginal heritage culture, may play in emerging adulthood. Specifically, aboriginal emerging adults who scored above or below the mean of their peers on acculturation to their heritage (aboriginal) culture were compared to their majority European Canadian counterparts in several aspects of emerging adulthood including (a) perceived adult status, (b) perceived criteria for adulthood, (c) achieved criteria for adulthood, (d) personal beliefs about the future, and (e) risk behaviours. Results revealed the significance of examining acculturation in understanding the role of culture in the process of emerging adulthood, particularly among ethnic minority youth. In particular, findings revealed that young aboriginal adults’ level of identification with aboriginal traditions such as the significance of interdependence and maintenance of harmony, the role of children and family, and historical sociocultural events appeared to play a role in many aspects of emerging adulthood.
Nutritional status and its response to treatment of children, with and without HIV infection, hospitalized for the management of tuberculosis

Abstract Background: The association of childhood tuberculosis (TB) and malnutrition is known, but treatment response, the influence of the acute-phase response (APR) and concomitant HIV infection are not well documented. Aim: To evaluate the nutritional response and APR in HIV-infected and uninfected children hospitalised for the treatment of TB and receiving standard anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy. Methods: During a study of the pharmacokinetics of standard anti-tuberculosis agents, anthropometric parameters were measured and blood concentrations of nutrients and C-reactive protein (CRP) determined at 1 and 4 months after initiation of chemotherapy. Results: 24 HIV-infected and 34 HIV-uninfected children were studied. On enrolment, 31·6% of HIV-infected and 2·9% of HIV-uninfected children were underweight, and 31·6% and 14·7%, respectively, were stunted. Mean values of weight, height/length, head circumference and mid-upper-arm circumference on enrolment and at 4-month assessment in HIV-infected and uninfected children did not differ. Mean triceps skinfold (TSF) (8·17 and 9·73 cm) and subscapular skinfold (SSF) thicknesses (5·75 and 7·5 cm) on enrolment differed significantly (P = 0·03 and P = 0·003); by 4 months, TSF had declined to 5·97 cm (P<0·001) and 8·87 cm (P = 0·05), respectively, and SSF to 5·57 cm (P = 0·79) and 6·73 cm (P = 0·04); the arm muscle area (AMA) was low in a majority of children on enrolment and remained so at the second assessment. CRP was raised in 66·6% and 53·3% of HIV-infected and -uninfected children on enrolment, but at 4-month assessment was raised in 63·2% and 15·2%, respectively. Other micronutrient and haematological findings probably reflect an APR, but no children had sub-normal zinc or magnesium values; most selenium and vitamin C and E values were normal. An elevated platelet count (>420×109/L) was significantly more common in HIV-uninfected children, and was still raised in 39% at 4 months. Conclusion: A majority of HIV-infected and uninfected children had an APR but it had resolved by 4 months in most HIV-uninfected children. In both groups, low and declining skinfolds and a persistently low AMA indicate a persistent disturbance of fat and protein metabolism, despite successful chemotherapy.
Hydrophobic matching mechanism investigated by molecular dynamics simulations

Membrane protein structure and function are influenced by the interaction with the lipid bilayer environment. The lipid bilayer structure and dynamics are in turn perturbed by the protein insertion. To study this mechanism, a number of experimental studies have used a series of model peptides (WALP) which consist of sequences of alternating alanine and leucine amino acids terminated by a pair of tryptophans at both ends. It has been shown that, due to hydrophobic mismatch, these peptides can assume tilted conformations with respect to the bilayer normal and also perturb the bilayer thickness. In an attempt to rationalize experimental results we performed a series of all-atom molecular dynamics simulations comprising five WALP lengths (16, 17, 19, 21, and 23 residues) and two lipid types (dimyristoyl- and dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine). The peptide:lipid ratio was in all cases 1:30. We find that the bilayer boundary thickness increases monotonically with WALP length, as expected based on the WALP hydropho.
Phenotyping Circadian Rhythms in Mice

Circadian rhythms take place with a periodicity of 24 hr, temporally following the rotation of the earth around its axis. Examples of circadian rhythms are the sleep/wake cycle, feeding, and hormone secretion. Light powerfully entrains the mammalian clock and assists in keeping animals synchronized to the 24‐hour cycle of the earth by activating specific neurons in the “central pacemaker” of the brain, the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Absolute periodicity of an animal can deviate slightly from 24 hr as manifest when an animal is placed into constant dark or “free‐running” conditions. Simple measurements of an organism's activity in free‐running conditions reveal its intrinsic circadian period. Mice are a particularly useful model for studying circadian rhythmicity due to the ease of genetic manipulation, thus identifying molecular contributors to rhythmicity. Furthermore, their small size allows for monitoring locomotion or activity in their homecage environment with relative ease. Several tasks commonly used to analyze circadian periodicity and plasticity in mice are presented here including the process of entrainment, determination of tau (period length) in free‐running conditions, determination of circadian periodicity in response to light disruption (e.g., jet lag studies), and evaluation of clock plasticity in non‐24‐hour conditions (T‐cycles). Studying the properties of circadian periods such as their phase, amplitude, and length in response to photic perturbation, can be particularly useful in understanding how humans respond to jet lag, night shifts, rotating shifts, or other transient or chronic disruption of environmental surroundings. © 2015 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Managing innovative work behavior: the role of human resource practices

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of high-involvement human resource practices in the innovative work behavior of employees, with the mediation of supportive work environment conditions. Design/methodology/approach – The study uses regression analysis to test the hypotheses in a sample of 198 Spanish firms. Findings – The results indicate that ability-enhancing and opportunity-enhancing human resource practices are positively related to innovative work behaviors with the mediation of two work environment variables: management support and coworkers support. This study discusses results and highlights limitations and future research directions. Originality/value – Previous researchers have identified employees as important sources of innovation, but systemic empirical research has not been fully applied to examine the relationship between human resource management (HRM) and employees' innovative work behavior.
Data Mining Approaches for Intrusion Detection

In this paper we discuss our research in developing general and systematic methods for intrusion detection. The key ideas are to use data mining techniques to discover consistent and useful patterns of system features that describe program and user behavior, and use the set of relevant system features to compute (inductively learned) classifiers that can recognize anomalies and known intrusions. Using experiments on the sendmail system call data and the network tcpdump data, we demonstrate that we can construct concise and accurate classifiers to detect anomalies. We provide an overview on two general data mining algorithms that we have implemented: the association rules algorithm and the frequent episodes algorithm. These algorithms can be used to compute the intra-and inter-audit record patterns, which are essential in describing program or user behavior. The discovered patterns can guide the audit data gathering process and facilitate feature selection. To meet the challenges of both efficient learning (mining) and real-time detection, we propose an agent-based architecture for intrusion detection systems where the learning agents continuously compute and provide the updated (detection) models to the detection agents.
Somali Refugees in London: Oral Culture in a Western Information Environment

Political upheaval and civil war led to hundreds of thousands of Somalis fleeing their country in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Some made their way to the United Kingdom. This paper gives an overview of the experiences of these people from an oral culture in a Western information environment. Twenty-five Somalis were interviewed in London. The rationale for their selection is discussed. The research found that Somalis communicate by telephone extensively. Adults who can receive it via satellite dish listen to the BBC Somali Service - broadcast to the Horn of Africa - in London. Young Somalis face problems due to their prior lack of schooling in the rural parts of Somalia and in the refugee camps, and because English is their third or fourth language. Word of mouth is the main way of finding out about study opportunities and jobs. Community associations help single parents with little English. Somali language publications are few. Use of the Internet is common among Somali professionals and university students. Research conducted over a number of years would be of value in assessing adaptation to a new information environment. Research on the information needs and interests of children born to Somali parents in the UK would also be of value.
Organelle-specific Targeting of Protein Kinase AII (PKAII)

Experiments were designed to test the idea that A kinase anchor proteins (AKAPs) tether regulatory subunits (RII) of protein kinase AII (PKAII) isoforms to surfaces of organelles that are bounded by phospholipid bilayers. S-AKAP84, one of three RII-binding proteins encoded by a single-copy murine gene, was studied as a prototypic organelle-associated AKAP. When S-AKAP84 was expressed in HEK293 cells, the anchor protein was targeted to mitochondria and excluded from other cell compartments. The RII tethering site is located in the cytoplasm adjacent to the mitochondrial surface. Endogenous RII subunits are not associated with mitochondria isolated from control cells. Expression of S-AKAP84 in transfected HEK293 cells triggered a redistribution of 15% of total RII to mitochondria. Thus, the tethering region of the organelle-inserted anchor protein is properly oriented and avidly binds RII (PKAII) isoforms in intact cells. Two critical domains in S-AKAP84 were mapped. Residues 1 to 30 govern insertion of the polypeptide into the outer mitochondrial membrane; amino acids 306–325 constitute the RII-binding site. Properties established for S-AKAP84 in vitro and in situ strongly suggest that a physiological function of this protein is to concentrate and immobilize RII (PKAII) isoforms at the cytoplasmic face of a phospholipid bilayer.
Filaments in the Sheath Evolution of the Dense Plasma Focus as Applied to Intense Auroral Observations

This paper investigates the dense plasma focus (DPF) for applications in space-plasma physics. The plasma focus (a variant of Z-pinch) generates plasmas from fast high-voltage electrical discharges on coaxial electrodes suitable for very different studies: from fusion up to plasma-space modeling. In particular, the plasma sheath of the DPF is studied here and measured in some detail as a possible model for auroral observations. Deuterium gas was used in the experiments, and many helpful techniques were used, such as ultrafast photograph and neutron detection from nuclear-fusion reactions. In this paper, we show the different phases of the plasma focus correlated with discharge-current characteristics and neutron and X-ray production. Filamentary formations in the current sheath are shown, and its correlation with neutron production is done. The same number of filaments (about 60) reported in auroral observations are detected in plasma-focus discharges.
Cognitive predictors of ethnic minorities' blood donation intention

The aim of the study was to investigate blood donation intention among ethnic minorities using the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) in a sample of Black, Asian and White Participants ( n = 146). Measures included TPB variables (based on Giles and Cairns, 1995), ethnic group identification (EGI) and in-group altruism (IGA). The TPB variables were good predictors of intention to donate blood, accounting for 43% of the variance. Black and Asian compared to White participants scored significantly higher on both EGI and IGA. EGI and IGA were both significantly negatively correlated with intentions. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Urokinase Receptor (CD87) Clustering in Detergent-Insoluble Adhesion Patches Leads to Cell Adhesion Independently of Integrins

The urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) is a glycosylphosphatidyl inositol–anchored protein that mediates cell adhesion to the extracellular matrix protein vitronectin (VN). We demonstrate here that this cell adhesion process is accompanied by the formation of an adhesion patch characterized by an accumulation of uPAR into areas of direct contact between the cell and the matrix. The adhesion patch requires the glycolipid anchor and develops only on a VN-coated substrate, but not on fibronectin. It consists of detergent-insoluble microdomains that accumulate F-actin and tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins, but not β1 integrins. Lack of inhibition of adhesion in the presence of integrin-blocking reagents and adhesion on a VN fragment without the RGD sequence indicated that the adhesion of uPAR-bearing cells on VN could occur independently of integrins. Hence, uPAR-mediated cell adhesion on VN relies on the formation of a unique cellular structure that we have termed “detergent-insoluble adhesion patch” (DIAP).
The impact of impression-management tactics on supervisor ratings of organizational citizenship behavior

Summary Previous research indicates that the use of impression management is related to supervisor ratings of employee likeability and job performance. It has been argued, though, that employees might also use impression management so that their superiors will see them as ‘good soldiers’ who engage in high levels of organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs). This study investigates the ways in which three types of impression management—namely, job-focused, self-focused, and supervisor-focused tactics of impression management—influence supervisor ratings of OCB. Using a sample of 122 supervisor-subordinate dyads, the findings indicate that supervisor-focused tactics of impression management are positively related to OCB ratings, while job-focused tactics are negatively related to such evaluations. Additionally, citizenship behaviors are positively related to supervisor liking of the employee and overall ratings of job performance. Finally, the results suggest that OCB ratings mediate the relationship between supervisor-focused tactics of impression management and supervisor evaluations of employee likeability. Some implications of this study and directions for future research are also addressed. Copyright # 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Degrees of freedom of tongue movements in speech may be constrained by biomechanics

A number of studies carried out on different languages have found that tongue movements in speech are made along two primary degrees of freedom (d.f.s): the high-front to low-back axis and the high-back to low-front axis. We explore the hypothesis that these two main d.f. s could find their origins in the physical properties of the vocal tract. A large set of tongue shapes was generated with a biomechanical tongue model using a Monte-Carlo method to thoroughly sample the muscle control space. The resulting shapes were analyzed with PCA. The first two factors explain 84% of the variance, and they are similar to the two experimentally observed d.f. s. This finding suggests that the d.f. s. are not speech-specific, and that speech takes advantage of biomechanically based tongue properties to form different sounds.
Towards Understanding the Decomposition/Isomerism Channels of Stratospheric Bromine Species: Ab Initio and Quantum Topology Study

The present study aims at a fundamental understanding of bonding characteristics of the C–Br and O–Br bonds. The target molecular systems are the isomeric CH3OBr/BrCH2OH system and their decomposition products. Calculations of geometries and frequencies at different density functional theory (DFT) and Hartree–Fock/Møller–Plesset (HF/MP2) levels have been performed. Results have been assessed and evaluated against those obtained at the coupled cluster single-double (Triplet) (CCSD(T)) level of theory. The characteristics of the C–Br and O–Br bonds have been identified via analysis of the electrostatic potential, natural bond orbital (NBO), and quantum theory of atoms in molecules (QTAIM). Analysis of the electrostatic potential (ESP) maps enabled the quantitative characterization of the Br σ-holes. Its magnitude seems very sensitive to the environment and the charge accumulated in the adjacent centers. Some quantum topological parameters, namely ∇2ρ, ellipticity at bond critical points and the Laplacian bond order, were computed and discussed. The potential energy function for internal rotation has been computed and Fourier transformed to characterize the conformational preferences and origin of the barriers. NBO energetic components for rotation about the C–Br and O–Br bonds as a function of torsion angle have been computed and displayed.