Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prognostic value of PCSK9 levels in patients with acute coronary syndromes.

AIMS Proprotein convertase subtilisin kexin 9 (PCSK9) is an emerging target for the treatment of hypercholesterolaemia, but the clinical utility of PCSK9 levels to guide treatment is unknown. We aimed to prospectively assess the prognostic value of plasma PCSK9 levels in patients with acute coronary syndromes (ACS). METHODS AND RESULTS Plasma PCSK9 levels were measured in 2030 ACS patients undergoing coronary angiography in a Swiss prospective cohort. At 1 year, the association between PCSK9 tertiles and all-cause death was assessed adjusting for the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) variables, as well as the achievement of LDL cholesterol targets of <1.8 mmol/L. Patients with higher PCSK9 levels at angiography were more likely to have clinical familial hypercholesterolaemia (rate ratio, RR 1.21, 95% confidence interval, CI 1.09-1.53), be treated with lipid-lowering therapy (RR 1.46, 95% CI 1.30-1.63), present with longer time interval of chest pain (RR 1.29, 95% CI 1.09-1.53) and higher C-reactive protein levels (RR 1.22, 95% CI 1.16-1.30). PCSK9 increased 12-24 h after ACS (374 ± 149 vs. 323 ± 134 ng/mL, P < 0.001). At 1 year follow-up, HRs for upper vs. lower PCSK9-level tertiles were 1.13 (95% CI 0.69-1.85) for all-cause death and remained similar after adjustment for the GRACE score. Patients with higher PCSK9 levels were less likely to reach the recommended LDL cholesterol targets (RR 0.81, 95% CI 0.66-0.99). CONCLUSION In ACS patients, high initial PCSK9 plasma levels were associated with inflammation in the acute phase and hypercholesterolaemia, but did not predict mortality at 1 year.
Cytotoxic Compounds from Brucea mollis

Ten compounds, including soulameanone (1), isobruceine B (2), 9-methoxy-canthin-6-one (3), bruceolline F (4), niloticine (5), octatriacontan-1-ol (6), bombiprenone (7), α-tocopherol (8), inosine (9), and apigenin 7-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (10), were isolated from the leaves, stems, and roots of Brucea mollis Wall. ex Kurz. Their structures were determined using one-and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against KB (human carcinoma of the mouth), LU-1 (human lung adenocarcinoma), LNCaP (human prostate adeno-carcinoma), and HL-60 (human promyelocytic leukemia) cancer cell lines. Compound 2 showed significant cytotoxic activity against KB, LU-1, LNCaP, and HL-60 cancer cells with IC50 values of 0.39, 0.40, 0.34, and 0.23 μg/mL, respectively. In addition, compounds 3 and 5 showed significant cytotoxic activity against KB, LU-1, LNCaP, and HL-60 cancer cells with IC50 values around 1–4 μg/mL. Compounds 9-methoxycanthin-6-one (3) and niloticine (5) have been discovered for the first time from the Brucea genus.
Title: the Statistics of Natural Movements Are Reflected in Motor Errors 1 2 Running Head: Statistics of Natural Movements 3 4 27 28 the Statistics of Natural Movements Are Reflected in Motor Errors 41

1 2 Running head: Statistics of Natural Movements 3 4 Ian S. Howard 5 Computational and Biological Learning Laboratory, 6 Department of Engineering, 7 University of Cambridge, 8 Trumpington Street, 9 Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK 10 Email: ish22@cam.ac.uk 11 12 James N. Ingram 13 Computational and Biological Learning Laboratory, 14 Department of Engineering, 15 University of Cambridge, 16 Trumpington Street, 17 Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK 18 Email: jni20@cam.ac.uk 19 20 Konrad P. Körding 21 Physiology and PM and R, 22 Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, 23 Northwestern University, 24 345 E Superior Street, 25 60611 Chicago, IL, USA 26 Email: kk@northwestern.edu 27 28 Daniel M. Wolpert. 29 Computational and Biological Learning Laboratory, 30 Department of Engineering, 31 University of Cambridge, 32 Trumpington Street, 33 Cambridge CB2 1PZ, UK 34 Email: wolpert@eng.cam.ac.uk 35 36 37
Solving Elliptic Curve Discrete Logarithm Problems Using Weil Descent

We provide the first cryptographically interesting instance of the elliptic curve discrete logarithm problem which resists all previously known attacks, but which can be solved with modest computer resources using the Weil descent attack methodology of Frey. We report on our implementation of index-calculus methods for hyperelliptic curves over characteristic two finite fields, and discuss the cryptographic implications of our results.
Dynamical instability of differentially rotating stars

We study the dynamical instability against bar-mode deformation of differentially rotating stars. We performed numerical simulation and linear perturbation analysis adopting polytropic equations of state with the polytropic index n= 1. It is found that rotating stars of a high degree of differential rotation are dynamically unstable even for the ratio of the kinetic energy to the gravitational potential energy of O(0.01). Gravitational waves from the final non-axisymmetric quasi-stationary states are calculated in the quadrupole formula. For rotating stars of mass 1.4 M⊙ and radius several 10 km, gravitational waves have frequency several 100 Hz and effective amplitude ∼5 × 10−22 at a distance of ∼100 Mpc.
Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) in der Soziologie – Perspektiven, Potentiale und Anwendungsbereiche / Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) and Sociology – Perspectives, Potential, and Areas of Application

Zusammenfassung Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) wurde von dem Soziologen Charles C. Ragin als Verbindung von fallorientierten, konfigurativen Ansätzen und mengentheoretischem Denken präsentiert. Mittlerweile hat sich QCA - von Ragin und anderen weiterentwickelt - als mengentheoretischer Ansatz zur Untersuchung sozialer Phänomene im sozialwissenschaftlichen Methodenkanon etabliert. Der vorliegende Beitrag zielt darauf ab, Forschungsperspektiven und -potentiale von QCA als (relativ) junge Methode für soziologische Fragestellungen aufzuzeigen. Auf der Grundlage einer Rundschau von 77 publizierten, soziologischen Zeitschriftenartikeln wird einerseits ein breiter Überblick über Anwendungsbereiche, aktuelle Trends und Entwicklungen von QCA in der Soziologie gegeben. Andererseits werden am Beispiel der publizierten Studien die einzelnen Analyseschritte einer QCA besprochen und dabei gängige Fallstricke aufgezeigt, wobei sowohl practiced practices als auch best practices in ihrer Anwendung herausgearbeitet werden. Summary The sociologist Charles C. Ragin originally introduced Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA), which combines ideas of case-oriented research, configurational thinking, and set-theoretical logic. Since then - as further developed by Ragin and others - QCA has become an established tool within social science methodology which uses a set-theoretical approach to analyze social phenomena. This paper aims at highlighting perspectives and potentials which QCA as a (relatively) new method is able to offer to address sociological research questions. In order to do so, seventy-seven publications in the field of sociology are reviewed. On this basis a broad overview is given regarding applications, trends, and developments of QCA, on the one hand. On the other, crucial steps within QCA are examined and potential pitfalls discussed by exemplifying practiced practices and best practices.
Noninvasive and Continuous Blood Pressure Monitoring Using Wearable Body Sensor Networks

Hypertension is a major health risk that influences the quality of life for many people. The importance of monitoring hypertension in a continuous and noninvasive manner increases as more people experience raised blood pressure (BP). The authors present a smartphone-centric body sensor network to measure the pulse transit time (PTT) in real time. Their robust method for calculating BP uses PPT information that considers the baroreflex mechanism, which reflects the relationship between BP and the heart rate. To evaluate the performance of their proposed method, they collected 300 groups of data from six subjects before and after exercise. Experimental results show that their proposed method can estimate BP values in real time with good precision.
Functional morphology of neck musculature in the Tyrannosauridae (Dinosauria, Theropoda) as determined via a hierarchical inferential approach

With multiple well-preserved specimens, tyrannosaurid dinosaurs are ideal subjects for exploring the role of the neck for feeding in an extinct amniote clade. Detailed exploration of the morphology of avian and crocodilian neck muscles grounds phylogenetic inference of musculature of tyrannosaurids. Introduced methods of kinematic and physiological inference explicate action and function of tyrannosaurid neck muscles, and the explicit method of extant behavioural interpolation (EBI) allows inference of generalized behaviours. Anteriorly originating craniocervical muscles of tyrannosaurids, and insertions of the neck dorsiflexor m. transversospinalis cervicis, were similar to those of birds, while the major respective head dorsiflexor and lateroflexor, m. transversospinalis capitis and m. longissimus capitis superficialis, resembled their homologues in crocodilians. Because the proposed inferential methods are cumulative and emphasize mutual falsification, behavioural effects of muscle function become immediately testable rather than assumed. Kinematic inference of muscle moment topology, and bracketed and unipolar inference of muscle activity, facilitate EBI of rapid gaze shifts, lateral and sagittal strikes, inertial feeding, and tearing of flesh by specific permutational actions of tyrannosaurid neck muscles. Several examples of EBI are tested further through biomechanical considerations. © 2007 The Linnean Society of London, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2007, 151, 759‐808. ADDITIONAL KEYWORDS: Aves ‐ behaviour ‐ Crocodylia ‐ electromyography ‐ feeding ‐ muscle.
Linear Growth and Final Height Characteristics in Adolescent Females with Anorexia Nervosa

Objective Growth retardation is an established complication of anorexia nervosa (AN). However, findings concerning final height of AN patients are inconsistent. The aim of this study was to assess these phenomena in female adolescent inpatients with AN. Methods We retrospectively studied all 211 female adolescent AN patients hospitalized in an inpatient eating disorders department from 1/1/1987 to 31/12/99. Height and weight were assessed at admission and thereafter routinely during hospitalization and follow-up. Final height was measured in 69 patients 2–10 years after discharge. Pre-morbid height data was available in 29 patients. Results Patients’ height standard deviation scores (SDS) on admission (−0.285±1.0) and discharge (−0.271±1.02) were significantly (p<0.001) lower than expected in normal adolescents. Patients admitted at age ≤13 years, or less than 1 year after menarche, were more severely growth-impaired than patients admitted at an older age, (p = 0.03). Final height SDS, available for 69 patients, was −0.258±1.04, significantly lower than expected in a normal population (p = 0.04), and was more severely compromised in patients who were admitted less than 1 year from their menarche. In a subgroup of 29 patients with complete growth data (pre-morbid, admission, discharge, and final adult height), the pre-morbid height SDS was not significantly different from the expected (−0.11±1.1), whereas heights at the other time points were significantly (p = 0.001) lower (−0.56±1.2, −0.52±1.2, and −0.6±1.2, respectively). Conclusions Our findings suggest that whereas the premorbid height of female adolescent AN patients is normal, linear growth retardation is a prominent feature of their illness. Weight restoration is associated with catch-up growth, but complete catch-up is often not achieved.
Assessment of the molecular dynamics structure of DNA in solution based on calculated and observed NMR NOESY volumes and dihedral angles from scalar coupling constants.

To assess the accuracy of the molecular dynamics (MD) models of nucleic acids, a detailed comparison between MD-calculated and NMR-observed indices of the dynamical structure of DNA in solution has been carried out. The specific focus of our comparison is the oligonucleotide duplex, d(CGCGAATTCGCG)(2), for which considerable structural data have been obtained from crystallography and NMR spectroscopy. An MD model for the structure of d(CGCGAATTCGCG)(2) in solution, based on the AMBER force field, has been extended with a 14 ns trajectory. New NMR data for this sequence have been obtained in order to allow a detailed and critical comparison between the calculated and observed parameters. Observable two-dimensional (2D) nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) volumes and scalar coupling constants were back-calculated from the MD trajectory and compared with the corresponding NMR data. The comparison of these results indicate that the MD model is in generally good agreement with the NMR data, and shows closer accord with experiment than back-calculations based on the crystal structure of d(CGCGAATTCGCG)(2) or the canonical A or B forms of the sequence. The NMR parameters are not particularly sensitive to the known deficiency in the AMBER MD model, which is a tendency toward undertwisting of the double helix when the parm.94 force field is used. The MD results are also compared with a new determination of the solution structure of d(CGCGAATTCGCG)(2) using NMR dipolar coupling data.
Lipin-1 regulates cancer cell phenotype and is a potential target to potentiate rapamycin treatment

Lipogenesis inhibition was reported to induce apoptosis and repress proliferation of cancer cells while barely affecting normal cells. Lipins exhibit dual function as enzymes catalyzing the dephosphorylation of phosphatidic acid to diacylglycerol and as co-transcriptional regulators. Thus, they are able to regulate lipid homeostasis at several nodal points. Here, we show that lipin-1 is up-regulated in several cancer cell lines and overexpressed in 50 % of high grade prostate cancers. The proliferation of prostate and breast cancer cells, but not of non-tumorigenic cells, was repressed upon lipin-1 knock-down. Lipin-1 depletion also decreased cancer cell migration through RhoA activation. Lipin-1 silencing did not significantly affect global lipid synthesis but enhanced the cellular concentration of phosphatidic acid. In parallel, autophagy was induced while AKT and ribosomal protein S6 phosphorylation were repressed. We also observed a compensatory regulation between lipin-1 and lipin-2 and demonstrated that their co-silencing aggravates the phenotype induced by lipin-1 silencing alone. Most interestingly, lipin-1 depletion or lipins inhibition with propranolol sensitized cancer cells to rapamycin. These data indicate that lipin-1 controls main cellular processes involved in cancer progression and that its targeting, alone or in combination with other treatments, could open new avenues in anticancer therapy.
Statistical Validation of Spatial Patterns in Agent-Based Models

An electric conductor is insulated with a polyolefine, e.g., polypropylene, containing a phosphorus acid derivative such as nickel bis-(3,5-ditertiary-butyl-4-hydroxy benzyl phosphonic acid monoethylate) and the insulated conductor is immersed in a low molecular weight hydrocarbon such as petroleum jelly.
The baryonic content and Tully-Fisher relation at z~0.6

[abr. ] Using the multi-integral-field spectrograph GIRAFFE at VLT, we previsouly derived the stellar-mass Tully-Fisher Relation (smTFR) at z~0.6, and found that the distant relation is systematically offset by roughly a factor of two toward lower masses. We extend the study of the evolution of the TFR by establishing the first distant baryonic TFR. To derive gas masses in distant galaxies, we estimate a gas radius and invert the Schmidt-Kennicutt law between star formation rate and gas surface densities. We find that gas extends farther out than the UV light from young stars, a median of ~30%. We present the first baryonic TFR (bTFR) ever established at intermediate redshift and show that, within an uncertainty of +/-0.08 dex, the zeropoint of the bTFR does not appear to evolve between z~0.6 and z=0. The absence of evolution in the bTFR over the past 6 Gyr implies that no external gas accretion is required for distant rotating disks to sustain star formation until z=0 and convert most of their gas into stars. Finally, we confirm that the larger scatter found in the distant smTFR, and hence in the bTFR, is caused entirely by major mergers. This scatter results from a transfer of energy from bulk motions in the progenitors, to random motions in the remnants, generated by shocks during the merging. Shocks occurring during these events naturally explain the large extent of ionized gas found out to the UV radius in z~0.6 galaxies. All the results presented in this paper support the ``spiral rebuilding scenario'' of Hammer and collaborators, i.e., that a large fraction of local spiral disks have been reprocessed during major mergers in the past 8 Gyr.
Cardiac risk: not so simple.

served on an advisory panel for Roche Molecular Systems and is involved in evaluating abacavir and cardiovascular risk in studies of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG). Understanding the risk of cardiovascular disease in persons with human immu-nodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is complex. Controversy exists as to how much risk can be attributed to host genetics, traditional risk factors, adverse effects from antiretroviral therapy, and the inflamma-tory state associated with HIV itself [1]. Nevertheless, the INTERHEART study [2], conducted in the general population, clearly suggests there is synergy among cardiovascular risk factors, such that the co-occurrence of 2 or more risk factors (eg, hypertension and dyslipidemia), may have greater-than-additive effects on overall cardiovascular risk. Thus, all factors potentially contributing to coronary heart disease (CHD) need to be considered when managing persons infected with HIV. The difficulties in determining risks among those with HIV infection have largely been due to the lack of matched controls, small sample size, and lack of standardized definitions, plus the unknown contribution from HIV itself. Previously , the Data Collection on Adverse Events of Anti-HIV Drugs (D:A:D) investigators reported an increased relative rate (RR) of myocardial infarction (MI) with cumulative use of protease inhibitors (RR per year of exposure, 1.16 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.10–1.23]) but not nonnucleoside reverse-transcriptase in-hibitors (RR per year of exposure, 1.05 [95% CI, 0.98–1.13]). In a subsequent analysis focusing on nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitor use, an unexpected increased risk of MI was found with recent but not with cumulative use [3]. Criticism of the study at that time was that abacavir had been preferentially prescribed to those with metabolic syndromes , lipoatrophy, dyslipidemia, renal disease, and CHD and that the study results reflected provider prescribing bias, especially given that there was an inadequate duration of time to evaluate the effects of tenofovir, a nucleotide similarly prescribed as abacavir except among those with renal disease. In a study by Worm et al [4] in this issue of the Journal, with 1 additional year of follow-up of the cohort, the D:A:D investigators were able to examine the association of tenofovir with CHD and found no such association. Of the drugs studied in their analysis, only indinavir, ritonavir-boosted lopinavir, di-danosine, and abacavir were associated with an increased risk of having an MI. Although use of these agents was associated with increased cardiovascular risk, it is important to compare this risk with those resulting from other …
Moving object detection using image registration for a moving camera platform

This paper proposes an accurate moving object detector from Unmanned Aerial Platform (UAV). Due to the distance of UAV to targets and the movement of the platform, object detection is a challenging task. In order to achieve the best result with low error, at first the camera motion has to be estimated; therefore, by using the Shi & Tomasi corner detector the corners are detected. Using image registration the motion is estimated and then compensated. After motion compensation, adaptive background subtraction is applied for detecting and extracting the moving objects. Experiments on different data sets show the accuracy of our approach on detecting moving objects from aerial platform with up to 85 % correct detection.
Trauma-Related Altered States of Consciousness (TRASC) in an Online Community Sample: Further Support for the 4-D Model of Trauma-Related Dissociation

A recent “4-D model” of trauma-related dissociation differentiates trauma-related symptoms into distressing experiences nevertheless associated with normal waking consciousness (NWC-distress) versus dissociative experiences exemplary of trauma-related altered states of consciousness (TRASC) along 4 dimensions: One’s experience of (a) time and memory, (b) thought, (c) one’s body, and (d) emotion. However, experiences of TRASC have not been assessed in large community samples in relation to the revised Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM–5) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) criteria. We evaluated TRASC as well as PTSD symptoms by self-report in participants recruited online (n = 2478). We also evaluated the hypotheses of the 4-D model via measures of PTSD and related psychological symptoms, dissociative experiences, and childhood trauma history. Consistent with hypotheses, relative to symptoms of NWC-distress, experiences of TRASC were (a) endorsed less frequently, (b) coendorsed less frequently, (c) predicted incremental variance in measures of dissociative experiences, and (d) were more specific to a history of childhood traumatization. An exploratory factor analysis generated a 2-factor solution that also supports the distinction between NWC-distress and TRASC. The present results generally support differentiating between dissociative versus nondissociative experiences as outcomes of posttraumatic stress.
Cradle of the Creative Class: Reinventing the Figure of the Scientist in Cold War Pittsburgh

Promoters and critics of the creative-cities script assume that it originated in the late 1990s. In contrast, in this article I argue that the mythology of the creative class and its positive economic and cultural influence on cities began during the early Cold War. In the 1940s and 1950s, regional alliances of business and elites reinvented scientists as powerful figures on which they anchored their efforts to remake the economies and built environments of U.S. cities. To pursue their plans, these alliances described scientists as finicky, objective, and mobile characters who, if satisfied, would contribute disproportionally as citizens of a region. They enrolled scientists as valuable allies who helped craft a narrative in which urban renewal was universally beneficial for an entire region. In this article I examine how members of Pittsburgh's celebrated regional alliance, the Allegheny Conference on Community Development (ACCD), installed scientists at the heart of their effort to transform the industrial region during the early Cold War. This longer history reveals how regional alliances invented the creative-cities script as a means to facilitate elite and business-driven urban redevelopment. From its inception, the script was designed to prioritize the interests of businesses, the wealthy, and the white middle class at the expense of the working class and people of color.