Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Early maladaptive schemas in patients with or without personality disorders: does schema modification predict symptomatic relief?

Schema Therapy (ST) proposes that early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) are at the core of personality pathology and psychological distress, in particular personality disorder and chronic interpersonal difficulties. Therapeutic change in ST is based on the modification of early maladaptive schemas and associated coping behaviours. Some of these basic assumptions in the ST model were tested. It was hypothesized that EMSs are related to symptomatic distress but in particular personality pathology and personality disorder. Furthermore, schema modification should predict level of symptomatic distress by the end of treatment. Patients (N = 82) from a psychiatric outpatient clinic were assessed with SCID I and II and self-report inventories measuring a variety of psychiatric symptoms prior to and after treatment. The results were supportive of the ST model and showed that levels of early maladaptive schemas were related to personality pathology and that modification of early maladaptive schemas strongly predicted symptom relief by the end of treatment. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
H 3 K 27 me 3 may be associated with Oct 4 and Sox 2 in mouse preimplantation embryos

As a core member of polycomb repressive complex 2, the transcription and enzyme activity of enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (Ezh2) is directly involved in the trimethylation of lysine 27 on histone H3. In this study, the fluorescence intensity of H3K27me3 in mouse in vivo morulae and blastocysts was compared by indirect immunofluorescence staining. We found that demethylation of H3K27me3 occurred during the blastocyst stage. Real-time polymerase chain reaction was performed to investigate Ezh2 expression in oocytes and in preimplantation embryos. Ezh2 expression peaked during the zygote stage and gradually decreased from the 2-cell stage, exhibiting an inverse pattern when compared with Oct4 and Sox2 mRNA in mouse preimplantation embryos. To understand the role of developmentrelated genes on the transcription of mouse Ezh2, a promoter assay was performed in NIH/3T3 cells. Ezh2 expression was markedly suppressed by Oct4 and Sox2 alone in a dose-dependent manner, while Ezh2 promoter activity in co-transfection with Nanog, Klf-4, and c-Myc groups showed no significant change as compared with the control.
Phosphorylation of adhesion- and growth-regulatory human galectin-3 leads to the induction of axonal branching by local membrane L1 and ERM redistribution

Serine phosphorylation of the β-galactoside-binding protein galectin-3 (Gal-3) impacts nuclear localization but has unknown consequences for extracellular activities. Herein, we reveal that the phosphorylated form of galectin-3 (pGal-3), adsorbed to substratum surfaces or to heparan sulphate proteoglycans, is instrumental in promoting axon branching in cultured hippocampal neurons by local actin destabilization. pGal-3 interacts with neural cell adhesion molecule L1, and enhances L1 association with Thy-1-rich membrane microdomains. Concomitantly, membrane-actin linker proteins ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) are recruited to the same membrane site via interaction with the intracellular domain of L1. We propose that the local regulation of the L1-ERM-actin pathway, at the level of the plasma membrane, underlies pGal-3-induced axon branching, and that galectin phosphorylation in situ could act as a molecular switch for the axon response to Gal-3.
Highly Boron Deficiency-Tolerant Plants Generated by Enhanced Expression of NIP5;1, a Boric Acid Channel

Boron (B) is an essential element for plants, and B deficiency is a worldwide agricultural problem. In B-deficient areas, B is often supplied as fertilizer, but excess B can be toxic to both plants and animals. Generation of B deficiency-tolerant plants could reduce B fertilizer use. Improved fertility under B-limiting conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana by overexpression of BOR1, a B transporter, has been reported, but the root growth was not improved by the BOR1 overexpression. In this study, we report that enhanced expression of NIP5;1, a boric acid channel for efficient B uptake, resulted in improved root elongation under B-limiting conditions in A. thaliana. An NIP5;1 activation tag line, which has a T-DNA insertion with enhancer sequences near the NIP5;1 gene, showed improved root elongation under B limitation. We generated a construct which mimics the tag line: the cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA promoter was inserted at 1,357 bp upstream of the NIP5;1 transcription initiation site. Introduction of this construct into the nip5;1-1 mutant and the BOR1 overexpresser resulted in enhanced expression of NIP5;1 and improved root elongation under low B supply. Furthermore, one of the transgenic lines exhibited improved fertility and short-term B uptake. Our results demonstrate successful improvement of B deficiency tolerance and the potential of enhancing expression of a mineral nutrient channel gene to improve growth under nutrient-limiting conditions.
Creativity, Originality, and Appropriateness: What Do Explicit Instructions Tell Us about Their Relationships?.

Originality is a necessary part of creativity, but creative things are more than just original. They also solve a problem, or more generally are somehow fitting or appropriate. Yet previous research found an inverse relationship between ratings of originality and ratings of appropriateness. The present investigation employed a different methodology — it focused on the generation of ideas instead of judgments about them — to reexamine the relationships between originality, appropriateness, and creativity. Undergraduate students (N = 170) from two large universities received either realistic or unrealistic divergent thinking tasks. These were given with one of four types of instructions. These asked them to give (a) as many ideas as possible (which is the standard type of instruction for these kinds of tests), (b) only original ideas, (c) only appropriate ideas, or (d) only creative ideas. Brief definitions of originality, appropriateness, or creativity were also provided. Comparisons of the four groups indicated that there were significant differences between the different kinds of tasks, with the realistic set eliciting more appropriate ideas than the unrealistic, but the unrealistic tasks eliciting more original and varied (flexible) ideas. There was an interaction indicating that the magnitude of the impact of the instructions varied across tasks. Correlational analyses indicated that the correlation between the originality and appropriateness scores was the lowest among all possible inter-index relationships (only 7% shared variance). Future research and practical implications are explored.
"Molympics"? Journalistic Discourse of Mormons in Relation to the 2002 Winter Olympic Games

During the 2002 Winter Olympics, many made the argument that attention on Salt Lake City provided an opportunity to reshape the Mormon image. Using discourse analysis of news magazine and newspaper articles, this article assesses whether media portrayals of Mormons shifted during the Olympics. It argues that a model minority discourse used by journalists in past decades to describe Mormons persisted in most fundamental respects. Some details changed, but larger stereotypical images were not challenged.
Identification with a monoclonal antibody of a predominantly B lymphocyte-specific determinant of the human leukocyte common antigen. Evidence for structural and possible functional diversity of the human leukocyte common molecule

Initial studies with the monoclonal antibody F8-11-13 described in this paper showed that it reacted strongly with B lymphocytes, did not react at all with granulocytes, and reacted only weakly with a small subpopulation of thymocytes and peripheral T lymphocytes. This picture was entirely different from that seen with monoclonal antibodies to the leukocyte common (LC) antigen, where 100% of all the above-mentioned leukocyte populations were positive. Biochemical studies using detergent solubilized membranes labeled with 3H at the sialic acid residues showed that the molecule bearing the F8-11-13 determinant was a glycoprotein of 215,000 mol wt, and that the peak depleted by F8-11- 13 monoclonal antibody affinity columns corresponded to the high molecular weight region of a broad peak previously shown to be completely depleted by monoclonal antibody (F10-89-4) affinity columns directed at the LC antigen. Proof that the F8-11-13 determinant was expressed on some LC molecules was established by cross-inhibition studies with affinity-column-purified and depleted material. This finding of a serologically identifiable conformational or other structural change selectively expressed on the LC molecule of a functionally discrete population of lymphocytes has interesting implications for the structure and function of the LC molecule, and might be relevant to functional consideration of other membrane molecules.
A Bayesian Analysis of a Variance Decomposition for Stock Returns

We apply Bayesian methods to study a common VAR-based approach for decomposing the variance of excess stock returns into components reflecting news about future excess stock returns, future real interest rates, and future dividends. We develop a new prior elicitation strategy which involves expressing beliefs about the components of the variance decomposition. Previous Bayesian work elicited priors from the difficult-to-interpret parameters of the VAR. With a commonly used data set, we find that the posterior standard deviations for the variance decomposition based on these previously used priors, including "non-informative" limiting cases, are much larger than classical standard errors based on asymptotic approximations. Therefore, the non-informative researcher remains relatively uninformed about the variance decomposition after observing the data. We show the large posterior standard deviations arise because the "non-informative" prior is implicitly very informative in a highly undesirable way. However, reasonably informative priors using our elicitation method allow for much more precise inference about components of the variance decomposition.
Differential trust between parents and teachers of children from low-income and immigrant backgrounds

This study was designed to investigate the trust relationship between parents and teachers in first grade. Additional research questions were whether trust was related to ethnicity and reading performance. The five facets of trust; benevolence, reliability, competence, honesty and openness, were measured on a 4-point Likert scale. Reading performance was measured by the three-minute test. Parents were found to have more trust in the reliability, competence and honesty of teachers than teachers in parents. Native-Dutch and immigrant parents have the same trust level towards their children’s teacher. However, teachers reported lower trust levels on all five facets of trust for immigrant parents. Our findings indicated that ethnicity has no influence on parents trust in teachers, but ethnicity may explain teachers’ trust in parents. Some support was found for the assumption that teachers’ trust plays a role in reading performance. Children were found to have higher reading performance when teachers reported higher trust in the benevolence and openness of parents.
Spirals of Silence: The Dynamic Effects of Diversity on Organizational Voice

When will individuals speak up about organizational issues, and when will they remain silent? We suggest that organizational voice will be significantly influenced by individuals' perceptions of the attitudes towards an issue within their workgroup. In particular, individuals will be more likely to speak up when they believe that their position is supported by others, and remain silent when they believe that it is not. We explain this using the 'spiral of silence' proposed by Noelle-Neumann (1974, 1985, 1991) and widely used in public opinion research, which explains how majority opinions become dominant over time and minority opinions weakened. Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2003.
Assessment focus in studio: What is most prominent in architecture, art and design?

What can be learned about assessment from what educators in the creative practices focus their studio publications on? What should form the focus of assessment in architecture, art and design studios? In this article we draw on 118 journal articles on studio published over the last decade in three disciplines; architecture, art and design to inform the focus of studio assessment. We believe that what is published by educators themselves in these disciplines reveals what matters most to them. In addition, we argue that regardless of the primary emphasis placed in each discipline, assessment in studio should encompass a broad set of indicators. Within the wider literature including in architecture, art and design, a view of assessment is emerging that recognises the process and the person, beyond a view that positions the product or art/design arte-fact above all else. Therefore, drawing on what educators in architecture, art and design mentioned most in the journal publications analysed, as well as the literature on good assessment, we offer a holistic model to guide and take studio assessment in the creative disciplines further.
The MassiveBlack-II simulation: The evolution of haloes and galaxies to z ~ 0

We investigate the properties and clustering of halos, galaxies and blackholes to z = 0 in the high resolution hydrodynamical simulation MassiveBlack-II (MBII). MBII evolves a ΛCDM cosmology in a cubical comoving volume Vbox = (100Mpc/h)³. It is the highest resolution simulation of this size which includes a self-consistent model for star formation, black hole accretion and associated feedback. We provide a simulation browser web application which enables interactive search and tagging of the halos, subhalos and their properties and publicly release our galaxy catalogs to the scientific community. Our analysis of the halo mass function in MBII reveals that baryons have strong effects with changes in the halo abundance of 20–35% below the knee of the mass function (Mhalo 1013.2 M⊙ h at z = 0) when compared to dark-matter-only simulations. We provide a fitting function for the halo MF out to redshift z = 11 and discuss its limitations.
Temporal structure in associative retrieval

Electrophysiological data disclose rich dynamics in patterns of neural activity evoked by sensory objects. Retrieving objects from memory reinstates components of this activity. In humans, the temporal structure of this retrieved activity remains largely unexplored, and here we address this gap using the spatiotemporal precision of magnetoencephalography (MEG). In a sensory preconditioning paradigm, 'indirect' objects were paired with 'direct' objects to form associative links, and the latter were then paired with rewards. Using multivariate analysis methods we examined the short-time evolution of neural representations of indirect objects retrieved during reward-learning about direct objects. We found two components of the evoked representation of the indirect stimulus, 200 ms apart. The strength of retrieval of one, but not the other, representational component correlated with generalization of reward learning from direct to indirect stimuli. We suggest the temporal structure within retrieved neural representations may be key to their function. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.04919. 001
Antigraft Antibody-Mediated Expression of Metalloproteinases on Endothelial Cells: Differential Expression of TIMP-1 and ADAM-10 Depends on Antibody Specificity and Isotype

Abstract— Endothelial cell (EC) interaction with antigraft antibodies (Abs) mediates EC injury and activation involved in vascular graft rejection. The aim of this study was to identify EC genes regulated in response to antigraft Ab binding that contribute to the endothelium alterations implicated in graft rejection or survival. By means of RNA differential display, 13 cDNA fragments corresponding to genes differentially expressed in ECs incubated with antigraft Abs were identified. Among these cDNAs were found the tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and a desintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM-10). We demonstrated that TIMP-1 and ADAM-10 mRNA and protein expression was rapidly upregulated in ECs in response to antigraft Ab binding. Our data showed that TIMP-1 was upregulated in response to human IgG but not IgM and anti-galactosyl (Gal) &agr;1-3Gal human xenogeneic Abs. In contrast, upregulation of ADAM-10 in ECs was shown to be mostly mediated by anti–Gal&agr;1-3Gal IgM Abs. Specific effects of human IgG and IgM xenogeneic Abs on endothelial transcripts indicate that different isotypes and specificities of Abs may mediate different EC changes. Our results suggest that interaction of ECs with antigraft Abs, according to their specificity, selectively induces synthesis and release of metalloproteinases and inhibitors, controlling proteolytic processes and immunological events that respectively contribute to graft rejection or survival.
On the solutions of the dKP equation: the nonlinear Riemann Hilbert problem, longtime behaviour, implicit solutions and wave breaking

We have recently solved the inverse scattering problem for one-parameter families of vector fields, and used this result to construct the formal solution of the Cauchy problem for a class of integrable nonlinear partial differential equations in multidimensions, including the second heavenly equation of Plebanski and the dispersionless Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (dKP) equation. We showed, in particular, that the associated inverse problems can be expressed in terms of nonlinear Riemann–Hilbert problems on the real axis. In this paper, we make use of the nonlinear Riemann–Hilbert problem of dKP (i) to construct the longtime behaviour of the solutions of its Cauchy problem; (ii) to characterize a class of implicit solutions; (iii) to elucidate the spectral mechanism causing the gradient catastrophe of localized solutions of dKP, at finite time as well as in the longtime regime, and the corresponding universal behaviours near breaking.
Identifying Human Mobility via Trajectory Embeddings

Understanding human trajectory patterns is an important task in many location based social networks (LBSNs) applications, such as personalized recommendation and preference-based route planning. Most of the existing methods classify a trajectory (or its segments) based on spatio-temporal values and activities, into some predefined categories, e.g., walking or jogging. We tackle a novel trajectory classification problem: we identify and link trajectories to users who generate them in the LBSNs, a problem called Trajectory-User Linking (TUL). Solving the TUL problem is not a trivial task because: (1) the number of the classes (i.e., users) is much larger than the number of motion patterns in the common trajectory classification problems; and (2) the location based trajectory data, especially the check-ins, are often extremely sparse. To address these challenges, a Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN) based semi-supervised learning model, called TULER (TUL via Embedding and RNN) is proposed, which exploits the spatio-temporal data to capture the underlying semantics of user mobility patterns. Experiments conducted on real-world datasets demonstrate that TULER achieves better accuracy than the existing methods.
Barriers to Identifying Substance Abuse in the Reformed Welfare System

Substance abuse has been identified as a potential barrier to employment in the reformed welfare system. This article uses interviews with frontline welfare workers and policy makers to examine the process of identifying welfare clients for substance abuse services. Workers’ accounts reveal that official welfare policy, day‐to‐day work conditions, relationships with clients, and the unstated stigma surrounding substance abuse create an environment that interferes with their identification efforts. The lack of identification contrasts with the policy focus on clients’ alcohol and drug problems under welfare reform.
A Sub-1V Low Power Temperature Compensated Current Reference

The design of an all-MOS low-power low-voltage temperature compensated current reference is described. Design equations take into account current as the main variable and it is based on the concept of inversion level. The proposed circuit can be adjusted to behave as PTAT or ZTAT. The circuit has been integrated in a 0.25mum standard CMOS process and occupies an area of 0.018mm2. The current reference has been also simulated in a 90nm CMOS technology. Lowest voltage operation reported is 1.2V in 0.25mum and 0.9V in 90nm processes. In both technologies the temperature variation is within plusmn5% from -40degC to 150degC. Simulation results indicate that to generate a 500pA current the circuit would dissipate 10nW at 1V supply voltage.
The Not-in-My-Property Syndrome: The Occurrence of Ethnic Discrimination in the Rental Housing Market in Belgium

This paper aims at achieving a better understanding of rental housing market discrimination against ethnic minorities. There remain substantial lacunae in the scientific knowledge about the association between the concentration of ethnic minorities in the neighbourhood and discrimination, and possible differences in discrimination based on host society language proficiency. Although these associations have been considered in the USA, they have been neglected in the European context, which is quite different. A telephone survey offered data on 579 properties that is linked to (i) whether the fictitious ethnic minority candidate masters the host society language or not, (ii) the rent of the offered unit, (iii) the percentage of minorities in the neighbourhood and (iv) the socioeconomic background of the neighbourhood. Using multilevel modelling, we found (i) that host society language proficient migrants are discriminated against as often as non-proficient migrants and found (ii) a curvilinear association between rent and discrimination, with more discrimination for both cheaper and more expensive rental offers. We found (iii) no association between the presence of minorities in the neighbourhood and the occurrence of discrimination, contrary to previous research in the USA, and found (iv) no association between discrimination and the socioeconomic background of a neighbourhood.
Motionlets: Mid-level 3D Parts for Human Motion Recognition

This paper proposes motionlet, a mid-level and spatiotemporal part, for human motion recognition. Motion let can be seen as a tight cluster in motion and appearance space, corresponding to the moving process of different body parts. We postulate three key properties of motion let for action recognition: high motion saliency, multiple scale representation, and representative-discriminative ability. Towards this goal, we develop a data-driven approach to learn motion lets from training videos. First, we extract 3D regions with high motion saliency. Then we cluster these regions and preserve the centers as candidate templates for motion let. Finally, we examine the representative and discriminative power of the candidates, and introduce a greedy method to select effective candidates. With motion lets, we present a mid-level representation for video, called motionlet activation vector. We conduct experiments on three datasets, KTH, HMDB51, and UCF50. The results show that the proposed methods significantly outperform state-of-the-art methods.