Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Research on Blending Optimized Algorithm of WSICO Industrial Port Based on Logistics Equilibrium

The steel and iron industry is the key industry of national development. The massive ore are needed in the steel-making process of the iron and steel enterprise. Blending of the ore material is an important step in WISCO industrial portpsilas production, but the current research is lack of theoretical achievements about blending optimization. The deficiencies of research on blending the ore material are analyzed in this article, that is many experts regarded ore blending as a independent production step and has not consider that blending is belong to the internal logistics chain of Iron and steel enterprisepsilas material supply. In view of these questions, the logistics equilibrium conceptual model is proposed. And a new thought is put forward to solve the blending model, which gives a new way for raw ore blending optimization problems. Then, the author uses the computer program to realize this mentality. And the computed result is proved effective and correct.
A Reduced-CP Approach to SC/FDE Block Transmission for Broadband Wireless Communications

For conventional cyclic prefix (CP)-assisted single-carrier/frequency-domain equalization (SC/FDE) implementations, as well as for orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) implementations, the CP length is known to be selected on the basis of the expected maximum delay spread. Next, the data block size can be chosen to be large enough to minimize the CP overhead, yet small enough to make the channel variation over the block negligible. This paper considers the possibility of reducing the overall CP assistance, when transmitting sequences of SC blocks, while avoiding an excessively long fast Fourier transform window for FDE purposes and keeping good FDE performances through low-complexity, noniterative receiver techniques. These techniques, which take advantage of specially designed frame structures, rely on a basic algorithm for decision-directed correction (DDC) of the FDE inputs when the CP is not long enough to cope with the time-dispersive channel effects. More specifically, we present and evaluate a novel class of reduced-CP SC/FDE schemes, which takes advantage of a special frame structure for replacing "useless" CP redundancy by fully useful channel coding redundancy, with the help of the DDC algorithm. When using the DDC-FDE technique with these especially designed frame structures, the impact of previous decisions, which are not error-free, is shown to be rather small, thereby allowing a power-efficiency advantage (in addition to the obvious bandwidth-efficiency advantage) over conventional block transmission implementations under full-length CP. Additionally, the DDC algorithm is also shown to be useful to improve the power efficiency of these conventional implementations
De Novo Amino Acid Biosynthesis Contributes to Salmonella enterica Growth in Alfalfa Seedling Exudates

ABSTRACT Salmonella enterica is a member of the plant microbiome. Growth of S. enterica in sprouting-seed exudates is rapid; however, the active metabolic networks essential in this environment are unknown. To examine the metabolic requirements of S. enterica during growth in sprouting-seed exudates, we inoculated alfalfa seeds and identified 305 S. enterica proteins extracted 24 h postinoculation from planktonic cells. Over half the proteins had known metabolic functions, and they are involved in over one-quarter of the known metabolic reactions. Ion and metabolite transport accounted for the majority of detected reactions. Proteins involved in amino acid transport and metabolism were highly represented, suggesting that amino acid metabolic networks may be important for S. enterica growth in association with roots. Amino acid auxotroph growth phenotypes agreed with the proteomic data; auxotrophs in amino acid-biosynthetic pathways that were detected in our screen developed growth defects by 48 h. When the perceived sufficiency of each amino acid was expressed as a ratio of the calculated biomass requirement to the available concentration and compared to growth of each amino acid auxotroph, a correlation between nutrient availability and bacterial growth was found. Furthermore, glutamate transport acted as a fitness factor during S. enterica growth in association with roots. Collectively, these data suggest that S. enterica metabolism is robust in the germinating-alfalfa environment; that single-amino-acid metabolic pathways are important but not essential; and that targeting central metabolic networks, rather than dedicated pathways, may be necessary to achieve dramatic impacts on bacterial growth.
Blame avoidance, electoral punishment and the perceptions of risk

Recent findings about the electoral cost of welfare state retrenchment challenge the view of the ‘New Politics’ literature that cutting welfare state entitlements is electorally risky. In fact, there seems to be no systematic punishment for governments retrenching the welfare state. At the same time, however, studies show that governments use numerous blame avoidance strategies when cutting welfare. Reflecting on this apparent contradiction we put forward two points. First, qualitative evidence from interviews with political leaders suggests that it is not the actual risk of being punished that entices politicians to use blame avoidance but the perception of this risk. This explains why blame avoidance strategies are widely used. Second, the existing studies showing that governments are not systematically punished for cutting the welfare state suffer from the lack of control for blame avoidance effects. We show that an experimental design could be a remedy for this problem.
A conjugate prior for discrete hierarchical log-linear models

In the Bayesian analysis of contingency table data, the selection of a prior distribution for either the log-linear parameters or the cell probabilities parameter is a major challenge. Though the conjugate prior on cell probabilities has been defined by Dawid and Lauritzen (1993) for decomposable graphical models, it has not been identified for the larger class of graphical models Markov with respect to an arbitrary undirected graph or for the even wider class of hierarchical log-linear models. In this paper, working with the log-linear parameters used by GLIM, we first define the conjugate prior for these parameters and then derive the induced prior for the cell probabilities: this is done for the general class of hierarchical log-linear models. We show that the conjugate prior has all the properties that one expects from a prior: notational simplicity, ability to reflect either no prior knowledge or a priori expert knowledge, a moderate number of hyperparameters and mathematical convenience. It also has the strong hyper Markov property which allows for local updates within prime components for graphical models.
School Violence and Theoretically Atypical Schools: The Principal’s Centrality in Orchestrating Safe Schools

Theories often assume that schools in communities with high violence also have high rates of school violence, yet there are schools with very low violence in high violence communities. Organizational variables within these schools may buffer community influences. Nine “atypical” schools are selected from a national database in Israel. Three years of intense qualitative and quantitative methods are employed at these schools. The most important variable found is the leadership of the principal. These schools emphasize a school reform approach rather than packaged school violence evidence-based programs. The schools demonstrate “outward” oriented ideologies, a schoolwide awareness of violence, consistent procedures, integrated use of cultural and religious symbols, visual manifestations of student care, and the beautification of school grounds.
Effects of an Introductory Versus a Content-Specific Computer Course on Computer Anxiety and Stages of Concern

AbstractThis study examined the comparative effects of an introductory computer course versus a content-specific computer course on student educators’ computer anxieties and concerns. Computer anxiety was measured with a modified version of the Spielberger, O’Neill, and Duncan’s (1972) Self-Evaluation Instrument. The Stages of Concern instrument was used to track and compare changes in preservice and inservice teachers’ concerns about computers through the seven stages normally experienced when teachers are introduced to new technology. Both groups reduced their computer anxiety. The introductory class experienced some significant shifts in their Stages of Concern but the content-specific class did not.
Virucidal Effect of Commercially Available Disinfectants on Equine Group A Rotavirus

ABSTRACT Although many disinfectants are commercially available in the veterinary field, information on the virucidal effects of disinfectants against equine group A rotavirus (RVA) is limited. We evaluated the performance of commercially available disinfectants against equine RVA. Chlorine- and iodine-based disinfectants showed virucidal effects, but these were reduced by the presence of organic matter. Glutaraldehyde had a virucidal effect regardless of the presence of organic matter, but the effect was reduced by low temperature or short reaction time, or both. Benzalkonium chloride had the greatest virucidal effect among the three quaternary ammonium compounds examined, but its effect was reduced by the presence of organic matter or by low temperature or a short reaction time. These findings will be useful for preventing the spread of equine RVA infection.
Teacher autonomy in the era of New Public Management

This article examines how upper secondary school teachers perceive and respond to the consequences for their professional autonomy of recent school reforms and restructurings. Based on empirical material from interviews of 119 teachers in three studies conducted between 2002 and 2014, the findings indicate that teacher autonomy has been reduced by school reforms and restructurings since the late 1980s. Regardless of their individual aims, these reforms have collectively created a power structure that distributes power to the state, municipalities, principals and the school market, including ‘customers’, that is, students, at the expense of teacher autonomy. Teacher agency follows certain policies at the discourse level, such as decentralisation and management by objectives and results, but in practice seems to be based on individuals’ and groups’ capacities to exploit opportunities for agency in combination with more or less facilitative management and organisation cultures. This development is multifaceted and varies locally, but the overall trend can be described as a shift from occupational to organisational professionalism and from ‘licensed’ to ‘regulated’ autonomy but emphasising the influence of market logics.
Abstract Garden Path Sentences and Morphological Frequency Biases

Recent work on the nature of syntactic ambiguity has focused on the properties of lexical items that may be relevant to resolving such ambiguities. A variety of lexical properties have been proposed as having significant influence on syntactic ambiguity resolution. Ranging from referential properties (Ni, Crain, & Shankweiler 1996), in the context of the Referential Model of language processing, to subcategorization properties and frequencies associated with morphological variants of particular verbs (MacDonald, Pearlmutter, & Seidenburg 1994), in the context of a constraint-based approach to processing. The present eye-movement study provides empirical support for the claim of MacDonald et al. that relative frequencies of simple past tense versus past participle forms of regularly inflected verbs influence parsing decisions made when such verbs are encountered in sentences exhibiting a reduced-relative clause/main-verb ambiguity. However, this paper challenges the MacDonald et al. theoretical claim that the existence of such effects poses a serious challenge to modular models of language processing as a class, and provides an account of such effects within the Referential Model of language processing. In this account the effect of f requency bias on parsing decisions is argued to reduce to an effect of frequency on lexical access latency.
An application of CIFAP for predicting the binding affinity of Chk1 inhibitors derived from 2‐aminothiazole‐4‐carboxamide

Investigation of protein‐ligand interactions obtained from experiments has a crucial part in the design of newly discovered and effective drugs. Analyzing the data extracted from known interactions could help scientists to predict the binding affinities of promising ligands before conducting experiments. The objective of this study is to advance the CIFAP (compressed images for affinity prediction) method, which is relevant to a protein‐ligand model, identifying 2D electrostatic potential images by separating the binding site of protein‐ligand complexes and using the images for predicting the computational affinity information represented by pIC50 values. The CIFAP method has 2 phases, namely, data modeling and prediction. In data modeling phase, the separated 3D structure of the binding pocket with the ligand inside is fitted into an electrostatic potential grid box, which is then compressed through 3 orthogonal directions into three 2D images for each protein‐ligand complex. Sequential floating forward selection technique is performed for acquiring prediction patterns from the images. In the prediction phase, support vector regression (SVR) and partial least squares regression are used for testing the quality of the CIFAP method for predicting the binding affinity of 45 CHK1 inhibitors derived from 2‐aminothiazole‐4‐carboxamide. The results show that the CIFAP method using both support vector regression and partial least squares regression is very effective for predicting the binding affinities of CHK1‐ligand complexes with low‐error values and high correlation. As a future work, the results could be improved by working on the pose of the ligands inside the grid.
Homosexuality and the City: An Historical Overview

Ever since the time of ancient Athens and the Biblical Sodom and Gomorrah, homosexuality has been associated with the city. Historians over the past decade have chronicled urban gay and lesbian groups in Renaissance Italy, Enlightenment France and Britain, and modern America and Australia, and social scientists have also identified emerging gay communities in Asia. Their researches show how homosexuals formed urban networks of sociability and solidarity, and how the presence of such minority communities impacted on urban development from Castro Street to Soho. Homosexuals often moved to cities to escape the sexual and social constraints of traditional life, and they played a major role in transforming the city and in creating a particular urban ethos. The city, in turn, is the site for the construction of much contemporary gay and lesbian culture.
Genetic polymorphisms of superoxide dismutases, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase in age-related cataract

Purpose The antioxidant enzymes pathway is considered the most important pathway involved in the repair of reactive oxygen species (ROS)–induced damage. Therefore, we investigate the possible association between polymorphisms of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD1), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) genes and age -related cataract development. Methods The study included 415 cataract patients (121 patients with cortical, 109 with nuclear, 59 with posterior subcapsular, and 126 with mixed type) and 386 healthy control group of similar age. Genotyping of SOD1–251A/G, CAT–21A/T, and GPX1–198C/T was done by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. Differences in the frequencies were estimated using the χ2 test and risk was estimated with an unconditional logistic regression after adjusting for age and gender. Results SOD1 G/G genotype frequency was significantly higher in cataract patients (p=0.012, OR=1.642, 95% CI=1.129–2.389). SOD1 A/A genotypes (p=0.001, OR=0.613, 95% CI=0.461–0.817) seem to have a protective role against cataract, and the G allele (p=0.001, OR=1.479, 95% CI=1.208–1.810) plays a dangeous effect against in the development of cataract. In CAT–21A/T and GPX1–198C/T polymorphisms, there were no significant differences in the variant homozygous frequencies in patients compared to controls (p=0.226, OR=1.358, 95% CI=0.839–2.199; p=0.521, OR=1.205, 95% CI=0.726–2.001, respectively). Stratification by the subtypes revealed that association between SOD polymorphism and cataract was in cortical and mixed type cataract. The genotype frequency of the GG and AA of SOD1–251A/G was significantly different in cortical and mixed type cataract group (p=0.031; OR: 1.805, 95% CI: 1.076–3.026; p=0.002; OR: 2.229, 95% CI: 1.364–3.645; p=0.026; OR: 0.608, 95% CI: 0.396–0.933; p=0.001; OR: 0.474, 95% CI: 0.305–0.734, respectively) compared to healthy controls. Conclusions Results suggest that the G/G genotype of the SOD1–251A/G polymorphism may be associated with an increased risk of cataract. However, in CAT–21A/T and GPX1–198C/T polymorphisms, there were no significant differences in the variant homozygous frequencies in patients compared to controls.
The Effect of Parents’ Attitudes toward Divorce on Offspring’s Attitudes

This study addresses three questions: (a) What influence do parents’ attitudes toward divorce have on off spring’s attitudes? (b) How are offspring’s attitudes toward divorce influenced by parental divorce, and do the effects vary depending on the gender of the child? and (c) How do conditions surrounding parental divorce influence young adults’ attitudes? Results indicate that parents have the greatest influence on offspring during the late teen years. Fathers have more influence on sons’ attitudes than mothers; the gender of parent has no effect on the influence of parents’ attitudes on daughters’ attitudes. In contrast to prior research, this study finds that parental divorce continues to influence offspring’s views of divorce after controlling for parents’attitudes only for daughters, not for sons. Postdivorce conflict and diminished closeness to father following the divorce have different effects on sons’ and daughters’ attitudes.
Interaction between Parvovirus NS2 Protein and Nuclear Export Factor Crm1 Is Important for Viral Egress from the Nucleus of Murine Cells

ABSTRACT A mutation that disrupts the interaction between the NS2 protein of minute virus of mice and the nuclear export factor Crm1 results in a block to egress of mutant-generated full virions from the nucleus of infected murine cells. These mutants produce wild-type levels of monomer and dimer replicative DNA forms but are impaired in their ability to generate progeny single-stranded DNA in restrictive murine cells in the first round of infection. The NS2-Crm1 interaction mutant can be distinguished phenotypically from an NS2-null mutant and reveals a role for the Crm1-mediated export pathway at a late step in viral infection.
II. From the Heart or the Gut? Sexual-minority Women’s Experiences of Desire for Same-sex and Other-sex Partners

Michelle Fine’s (1988) groundbreaking analysis of adolescent girls’ ‘missing discourse of desire’ spotlighted the multiple ways in which sociocultural forces operate to erase and undermine girls’ experiences and articulations of sexual agency. Although her analysis has obvious applications to the study of sexual-minority (i.e. non-heterosexual) girls’ development, Fine’s work has been under-appreciated in the adolescent sexual identity literature (judging from low citation rates). This is particularly disappointing given that one of Fine’s most interesting and prescient observations concerned the fact that sexual-minority high school students, through the process of coming together in Gay/Lesbian Student Alliances, had managed to create safe spaces for the articulation and analysis of their same-sex desires and the pervasive sociocultural messages delegitimizing them. Fine’s seminal insight, of course, was that such messages operate just as powerfully to delegitimize and silence heterosexual desires. Yet her observations suggest that, ironically, the historical stigmatization of same-sex sexuality has better equipped sexualminority than heterosexual girls to expose, dismantle, and resist such messages. Looking back over the past 15 years’ worth of research on sexual-minority youth, it seems that even youths without access to structured support groups may be more likely to escape – or at least resist – the numbing and silencing forces Fine identified. This is because the very process of sexual questioning requires that young women critically interrogate their subjective experiences of sexual arousal, pleasure, disgust, disinterest, affection, infatuation, and love, as well as the social meaning of these experiences. In this article I present data from an ongoing longitudinal study of female sexual identity development to demonstrate how young sexual-minority women’s engagement in the questioning process
Eye blink startle responses in behaviorally inhibited and uninhibited children

The present study examined the startle reflex as a physiological marker of behavioral inhibition. Participants were 7to 12-year-old children who had been previously identified as inhibited or uninhibited as part of an ongoing longitudinal study on the role of behavioral inhibition in the development of anxiety disorders. Analysis of their scores on the Behavioral Inhibition Scale revealed that the children were stable in their behavioral inhibition categorization as compared to the beginning of the longitudinal study. An experiment was carried out to study startle modulation effects in response to novel and familiar pictures of threatening and non-threatening facial expressions in inhibited and uninhibited children. The main results can be summarized as follows. To begin with, no modulation effect was found. That is, children did not show the expected (adult-like) startle facilitation while viewing unpleasant pictures. Second, a habituation effect was found: that is, during the testing phase children responded more intensely to the first block of slides than to the second block of slides (irrespective of slide content). Third, unexpectedly behaviorally inhibited children displayed smaller eye blink magnitudes in response to novel slides than uninhibited children. Fourth and finally, no meaningful differences were found in the patterns of startle responses of both genders.
Improving the Hyperpolarization of 31P Nuclei by Synthetic Design

Traditional 31P NMR or MRI measurements suffer from low sensitivity relative to 1H detection and consequently require longer scan times. We show here that hyperpolarization of 31P nuclei through reversible interactions with parahydrogen can deliver substantial signal enhancements in a range of regioisomeric phosphonate esters containing a heteroaromatic motif which were synthesized in order to identify the optimum molecular scaffold for polarization transfer. A 3588-fold 31P signal enhancement (2.34% polarization) was returned for a partially deuterated pyridyl substituted phosphonate ester. This hyperpolarization level is sufficient to allow single scan 31P MR images of a phantom to be recorded at a 9.4 T observation field in seconds that have signal-to-noise ratios of up to 94.4 when the analyte concentration is 10 mM. In contrast, a 12 h 2048 scan measurement under standard conditions yields a signal-to-noise ratio of just 11.4. 31P-hyperpolarized images are also reported from a 7 T preclinical scanner.