Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Shelf Impact on Buoyant Coastal Current Instabilities

AbstractThe impact of shelf slope on the linear stability of buoyant coastal currents and on the nonlinear formation of coastal meanders and eddies is investigated. The authors consider a simplified two-layer stratification in cylindrical geometry where a buoyant surface current flows along the coast above a denser water, with a flat bottom or steep shelves. Simulations were performed using the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) ocean global circulation model. The initial state of these simulations was defined according to laboratory experiments performed in the same configuration. Comparisons between laboratory and numerical results highlight the role of momentum diffusion and of the initial perturbations amplitude. The authors’ results confirm that the topographic parameter To (ratio between the shelf slope and the isopycnal slope of the current) is the relevant parameter to quantify the shelf impact on the linear and nonlinear dynamics of the surface current. When the evolution of the b.
SPITZER/IRS 5–35 μm LOW-RESOLUTION SPECTROSCOPY OF THE 12 μm SEYFERT SAMPLE

We present low-resolution 5.5–35 μm spectra for 103 galaxies from the 12 μm Seyfert sample, a complete unbiased 12 μm flux limited sample of local Seyfert galaxies selected from the IRAS Faint Source Catalog, obtained with the Infrared Spectrograph (IRS) on-board Spitzer Space Telescope. For 70 of the sources observed in the IRS mapping mode, uniformly extracted nuclear spectra are presented for the first time. We performed an analysis of the continuum emission, the strength of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and astronomical silicate features of the sources. We find that on average, the 15–30 μm slope of the continuum is 〈α15−30〉 = −0.85 ± 0.61 for Seyfert 1s and −1.53 ± 0.84 for Seyfert 2s, and there is substantial scatter in each type. Moreover, nearly 32% of the Seyfert 1s, and 9% of the Seyfert 2s, display a peak in the mid-infrared spectrum at 20 μm, which is attributed to an additional hot dust component. The PAH equivalent width decreases with increasing dust temperature, as indicated by the global infrared color of the host galaxies. However, no statistical difference in PAH equivalent width is detected between the two Seyfert types, 1 and 2, of the same bolometric luminosity. The silicate features at 9.7 and 18 μm in Seyfert 1 galaxies are rather weak, while Seyfert 2s are more likely to display strong silicate absorption. Those Seyfert 2s with the highest silicate absorption also have high infrared luminosity and high absorption (hydrogen column density NH > 1023 cm−2) as measured from the X-rays. Finally, we propose a new method to estimate the active galactic nucleus contribution to the integrated 12 μm galaxy emission, by subtracting the “star formation” component in the Seyfert galaxies, making use of the tight correlation between PAH 11.2 μm luminosity and 12 μm luminosity for star-forming galaxies.
Differential effects of antipsychotic agents on obsessive–compulsive symptoms in schizophrenia: a longitudinal study

Indirect evidence supports the assumption that antiserotonergic second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) induce and aggravate obsessive–compulsive symptoms (OCS) in schizophrenia. However, multimodal studies assessing the long-term interaction of pharmacotherapy and psychopathology are missing. Over 12 months, we followed-up 75 schizophrenia patients who were classified into two groups according to antipsychotic treatment: clozapine or olanzapine (group I) versus aripiprazole or amisulpride (group II). We applied the Yale Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (YBOCS) and investigated between-group changes over time as the primary endpoint. Group I showed markedly higher YBOCS scores at both time points. Repeated measure analyses of variance (ANOVAs) revealed significant interaction effects of group and time (per protocol sample (PP): p=0.006). This was due to persistently high OCS severity within group I, and decreasing YBOCS scores within group II. OCS severity correlated significantly with the negative and general psychopathology subscales of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), as well as with depressive symptoms. The progressive differences in OCS severity between our groups support the assumption of differential pharmacodynamic effects on comorbid OCS in schizophrenia. Further studies should address the pathogenetic mechanism, define patients at risk and facilitate early detection as well as therapeutic interventions.
Monitoring the epoxy curing by the dielectric thermal analysis method

Evaluation of epoxy cure in magnet impregnation is an important task because the final mechanical and electrical characteristics depend upon how the curing process was done. Usually the evaluation of curing scheme relies on thermal analysis methods, mainly the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA). In spite of their sensitivity and reliability, these methods have difficulties to evaluate fast curing of thermoset polymers. They also do not allow the in-situ monitoring of the cure of epoxy during impregnation of superconducting devices. The dielectric thermal analysis (DETA) is an analytical method commonly used to monitor in-situ the fabrication of polymer-matrix composite materials by the resin transfer molding (RTM) process in which the rheological and calorimetric parameters are continuously evaluated during the curing stage and the response signal is used to control the process. In this work we present the evaluation of dielectric characteristics during the cure of epoxy resins employed in the impregnation of electric and superconducting devices. The dielectric analysis was performed imposing a 2 V amplitude signal with fixed frequency of 120 Hz on a sample connected as a capacitor in a RC equivalent circuit. The epoxy is inserted as a dielectric medium within a parallel plate capacitor. The output signal is measured by a lock-in amplifier and the complex impedance is evaluated against the time and temperature of epoxy cure. The results show a very consistent correlation between the sample impedance signal and the reaction extent as well with viscosity versus temperature evolution in the pre-gelation stage of cure.
Standard deviation and standard error of the mean

In most clinical and experimental studies, the standard deviation (SD) and the estimated standard error of the mean (SEM) are used to present the characteristics of sample data and to explain statistical analysis results. However, some authors occasionally muddle the distinctive usage between the SD and SEM in medical literature. Because the process of calculating the SD and SEM includes different statistical inferences, each of them has its own meaning. SD is the dispersion of data in a normal distribution. In other words, SD indicates how accurately the mean represents sample data. However the meaning of SEM includes statistical inference based on the sampling distribution. SEM is the SD of the theoretical distribution of the sample means (the sampling distribution). While either SD or SEM can be applied to describe data and statistical results, one should be aware of reasonable methods with which to use SD and SEM. We aim to elucidate the distinctions between SD and SEM and to provide proper usage guidelines for both, which summarize data and describe statistical results.
Students’ perceptions of the command, practice, and inclusion styles of teaching

Background: For many physical educators, the Spectrum of Teaching Styles serves as a ‘tool box’ for meeting the different needs of students and goals in physical education. Despite the proliferation in Spectrum research in which researchers have examined teacher experience and student skill, knowledge, and social learning within the styles, little is known of the extent to which students perceive the Spectrum teaching styles. Exploring students' perceptions about the teaching styles will broaden our understanding of the ways students learn, what students identify as the benefits and drawbacks of the teaching styles, the relationships that students perceive between the styles and learning domains, and student style preferences. Purpose: The purpose of this study was twofold: (a) to examine students' perceptions of physical, cognitive, and social involvement in physical activity lessons conducted in the command, practice, and inclusion styles of teaching and (b) to examine student preference for different teaching styles. Setting and participants: A total of 77 college-aged students enrolled in four different physical activity classes at a university in the USA participated in this study. Data collection: All students participated in three 50-minute lessons. One lesson was delivered in the command style, one in the practice style, and one in the inclusion style. All 12 lessons were taught by one Spectrum trained teacher. The students performed the same series of pilates exercises in all the three lessons. After each lesson, the students completed two questionnaires that included statements addressing physical, cognitive, and social involvement (seven-point semantic-differential scales), style preference, and rating of perceived exertion. Additionally, individual interviews were conducted with four students from each class after each lesson. Findings: The students reported feeling more physically and cognitively involved in the inclusion-style lessons than in the command- and practice-style lessons. No differences were found for social involvement. In terms of style preference, the inclusion and command styles were selected most frequently. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the command, practice, and inclusion styles can influence the level of student involvement in physical activity lessons.
Effect of pregnancy on totalantioxidant capacity in Nigerian women.

The objective was to assess the total antioxidant capacity during the 3rd trimester of normal pregnancy with the aim of establishing the status of total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in pregnant Nigerians. The subjects consisted of 20 pregnant Nigerian women and 20 non-pregnant women. The cases were age matched with the controls. Total antioxidant capacity was assayed in both the cases and controls using standard methods of total antioxidant capacity assay. The total antioxidant capacity was lower in the pregnant women 0.84mmol/L compared with the controls 1.00mmol/L P = 0.007 t test. We observed low total antioxidant capacity in Nigerian women with normal pregnancy. This preliminary report calls for further investigations. (authors)
Study on Multidimensional Urban Adaption of Muslim Migrants in Lanzhou City of China

With rapidly development of urbanization, a large number of Muslim migrants, as one of special groups, swarm into cities, whether they adapt to cities has caused wide concerns. The purpose of this paper is to reveal the general law of multi-dimensional adaptation of Muslim migrants and provide guidance for better serving and managing this group. Based on survey or information of migrant Muslims in some important areas of Lanzhou city, This paper discusses some aspects about adaptation of migrant Muslims such as environmental, economic, social, cultural and psychology, respectively, by the following analysis methods: by Summers dy coefficient, Pearson product-moment correlation coefficient, Principal component factors. It draws several key conclusions about adaptation of Muslim migrants to Lanzhou city for better serving and managing them. The study found that in terms of environmental adaptation, the distance between the source of Muslim migrants and Lanzhou City and their urban adaptability showed a strong correlation; while the relationship between traffic conditions, recreational facilities and their urban adaptation was not obvious; In terms of economic adaptation, the economic income of Muslim migrants has a strong correlation with its urban adaptability; In terms of social adaptation, as time goes by, Muslim migrants gradually adapt to the their urban lifestyle; The psychological adaptation of Muslim migrants can be summarized as "self-identity" and "urban belonging". They showed a more obvious adaptability in the "self" understanding, but strong non-adaptation in the "identity" and "city sense of belonging”.
Spending Time versus Spending Money

We find systematic differences in the way that people spend time versus money. Ex post, people are able to more easily accommodate negative outcomes by adjusting the value of their temporal inputs. Ex ante, people are willing to spend more time for higher risk, higher return options whereas when spending money the pattern is reversed and the more standard pattern of increasing risk aversion is observed. Although accurate assessment of the opportunity costs of time is key to making good decisions, ambiguity in the value of time promotes accommodation and rationalization.
Straightedge Subculture, Music, and the Internet

In this article, the author examines the relative roles of music and the internet for self-identifying members of the straightedge youth subculture. For nearly 30 years, subcultures have been conceptualized primarily in terms of music and style. Participation has therefore typically been characterized by the consumption of specific types of music and clothing and participation in local, face-to-face music scenes. However, with the recent growth of information and communication technologies like the internet, opportunities have emerged that enable individuals to participate in subcultures in which they otherwise might not participate. The author shows that a new type of subculturalist is emerging— one whose subcultural participation is limited to the internet. Using the concepts of authenticity and scene, the author explores how participants in a straightedge internet forum negotiate their affiliations with the subculture and how some members attempt to halt others’ claims to a straightedge identity. The study suggests that the internet is emerging as a new, but highly contested, subcultural scene.
Asthma Symptoms, Lung Function, and Markers of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Children Exposed to Oil Refinery Pollution

Objectives. Little is known about the effects of exposure to petroleum refinery emissions on respiratory health in children. We evaluated lung function and markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in children and adolescents with and without asthma or wheezing symptoms living in a petrochemical polluted area (Sarroch, Sardinia) versus a reference area (Burcei). Methods. Parents of 275/300 6- to 14-year-old children living in Sarroch and parents of 214/323 children living in Burcei answered a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms and risk factors. Measurements of forced expiratory volume after 1 second (FEV1) and of forced expiratory flow rates at 25–75% of vital capacity (FEF25–75) were available in 27 and 23 asthma/wheezing-positive subjects and in 7 and 54 asthma/wheezing-negative subjects in Sarroch and in Burcei, respectively; for fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) corresponding figures were 27 and 24 and 8 and 55 in Sarroch and in Burcei, respectively. Malondialdehyde–deoxyguanosine (MDA–dG) adduct levels in nasal mucosa were measured in 12- to 14-year-old adolescents (8 and 14 asthma/wheezing-positive and 20 and 28 asthma/wheezing-negative subjects in Sarroch and in Burcei, respectively). Air pollutants were assessed during 3 weeks, starting 1 week before lung function, FENO, and MDA–dG measurements. Generalized linear models were used to estimate the effect of the area of residence adjusting for confounders. Results. Weekly average concentrations of sulfur dioxide were 6.9–61. 6μg/m3 in Sarroch versus 0.3–7. 6μg/m3 in the rural area of Burcei; of nitrogen dioxide, 5.2–28. 7μg/m3 versus 1.7–5. 3μg/m3; and of benzene, 1.8–9. 0μg/m3 versus 1.3–1. 5μg/m3, respectively. Children living in Sarroch versus children living in the reference area showed an increase in wheezing symptoms {adjusted prevalence ratio=1.70 [90% confidence interval (CI)=1.01; 2.86]}; a decrease in lung function [variation in FEV1=−10.3% (90% CI=−15.0; −6.0%) and in FEF25–75=−12.9% (90% CI=−20.7; −4.3%)]; an increase in bronchial inflammation [variation in FENO=+35% (90% CI=11.7; 80.1%)]; and an increase in MDA–dG adducts of +83% (90% CI=22.9; 174.1%). Conclusions. Data from this small study are consistent with the role of environmental pollutants on lung function and inflammation.
On Critical Ethnographic Work

This article provides an introduction to critical ethnographic work. Critical ethnography is understood as a form of knowledge production which supports transformative as well as interpretive concerns. Three fundamental conditions for ethnographic work are discussed: (1) a particular “problematic” that defines data and analytic procedures in a way consistent with one's pedagogicall political project: (2) the engagement of such work within a public sphere that allows it to become a starting point for social critique and transformation; and (3) the inclusion of a reflexive inquiry which would identify the limits of its own knowledge claims.
CLPTM1L Is Overexpressed in Lung Cancer and Associated with Apoptosis

CLPTM1L is believed to be associated with lung cancer. However, there is little information regarding its expression and function. Here using immunohistochemistry, we found that CLPTM1L expression was markedly increased in lung cancer tissues relative to normal tissues, especially in lung adenocarcinoma. CLPTM1L expression was not found to be associated with stages, smoking status, lymph node metastasis, or T lymphocyte infiltration but with differentiation stage. We found CLPTM1L to be enriched in the mitochondrial compared with plasma membrane protein extracts. CLPTM1L-EGFP transfection showed that the molecule product was expressed in cytoplasm and indicated the mitochondrial localization stained with mitochondrial marker MitoTracker. CLPTM1L transferred lung cancer cell line 95-D showed no growth inhibition or cell apoptosis, but it did show inhibited sensitivity to cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (cisplatin, CDDP). Knockdown of CLPTM1L by RNAi did not interfere with cell proliferation but it did increase cell sensitivity to CDDP and activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3/7. These data indicate CLPTM1L is a mitochondria protein and that it may be associated with anti-apoptotic mechanism which affects drug-resistance in turn.
COSTS OF AN INDUCED IMMUNE RESPONSE ON SEXUAL DISPLAY AND LONGEVITY IN FIELD CRICKETS

Abstract Immune system activation may benefit hosts by generating resistance to parasites. However, natural resources are usually limited, causing a trade-off between the investment in immunity and that in other life-history or sexually selected traits. Despite its importance for the evolution of host defense, state-dependent fitness costs of immunity received little attention under natural conditions. In a field experiment we manipulated the nutritional condition of male field crickets Gryllus campestris and subsequently investigated the effect of an induced immune response through inoculation of bacterial lipopolysaccharides. Immune system activation caused a condition-dependent reduction in body condition, which was proportional to the condition-gain during the preceding food-supplementation period. Independent of nutritional condition, the immune insult induced an enduring reduction in daily calling rate, whereas control-injected males fully regained their baseline level of sexual signaling following a temporary decline. Since daily calling rate affects female mate choice under natural conditions, this suggests a decline in male mating success as a cost of induced immunity. Food supplementation enhanced male life span, whereas the immune insult reduced longevity, independent of nutritional status. Thus, immune system activation ultimately curtails male fitness due to a combined decline in sexual display and life span. Our field study thus indicates a key role for fitness costs of induced immunity in the evolution of host defense. In particular, costs expressed in sexually selected traits might warrant the honest advertisement of male health status, thus representing an important mechanism in parasite-mediated sexual selection.
Atomistic mechanisms of amorphization during nanoindentation of SiC: A molecular dynamics study

1Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706-1595, USA 2Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Department of Computer Science, Department of Physics & Astronomy, and Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089-0242, USA sReceived 27 May 2004; published 26 May 2005 d
Infiltrating Semiconducting Polymers into Self‐Assembled Mesoporous Titania Films for Photovoltaic Applications

Interpenetrating networks of organic and inorganic semiconductors are attractive for photovoltaic cells because electron transfer between the two semiconductors splits excitons. In this paper we show that films of titania with a uniform distribution of pore sizes can be made using a block copolymer as a structure‐directing agent, and that 33 % of the total volume of the film can be filled with a semiconducting polymer.
Non-asymptotic analysis of a new bandit algorithm for semi-bounded rewards

In this paper we consider a stochastic multiarmed bandit problem. It is known in this problem that Deterministic Minimum Empirical Divergence (DMED) policy achieves the asymptotic theoretical bound for the model where each reward distribution is supported in a known bounded interval, say [0; 1]. However, the regret bound of DMED is described in an asymptotic form and the performance in finite time has been unknown. We modify this policy and derive a finite-time regret bound for the new policy, Indexed Minimum Empirical Divergence (IMED), by refining large deviation probabilities to a simple nonasymptotic form. Further, the refined analysis reveals that the finite-time regret bound is valid even in the case that the reward is not bounded from below. Therefore, our finite-time result applies to the case that the minimum reward (that is, the maximum loss) is unknown or unbounded. We also present some simulation results which shows that IMED much improves DMED and performs competitively to other state-of-the-art policies.
A dipole field for object delivery by pushing on a flat surface

This paper introduces a simple algorithm for non-prehensile object transportation by a pushing robot on a flat surface. We assume that the global position and orientation of the robot and objects are known. The system computes a dipole field around the object and moves the robot along the field. This simple algorithm resolves many subtle issues in implementing reliable pushing behaviors, such as collision avoidance, error recovery, and multi-robot coordination. We verify the effectiveness of the algorithm via several experiments with varying robot and object form factors. Although object delivery by pushing and motion control by a vector field are not new, the proposed algorithm offers easier implementation with fewer parameter adjustments because of its mode-less definition and scale-invariant formulation.