Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Security backlog in Scrum security practices

The rapid development of software nowadays requires the high speed software product delivery by development teams. In order to deliver the product faster, the development teams make a transformation to their conventional software development lifecycle to agile development method which can enable them towards speedy delivery of software coping with the requirements-change phenomenon. In this scenario, one of the most popular techniques in Agile development is the Scrum methodology which has been criticised in term of its security aspect cycle that ignores the security risk management activity. However, the current practices suggest that security should be considered during all stages of the software development life cycle. In order to address the aforementioned issue, this paper proposes the integration of security principles in development phases using scrum and suggests the element of security backlog that can be used as security features analysis and implementation in scrum phases.
Relationship Between Endothelial Wall Shear Stress and High‐Risk Atherosclerotic Plaque Characteristics for Identification of Coronary Lesions That Cause Ischemia: A Direct Comparison With Fractional Flow Reserve

Background Wall shear stress (WSS) is an established predictor of coronary atherosclerosis progression. Prior studies have reported that high WSS has been associated with high‐risk atherosclerotic plaque characteristics (APCs). WSS and APCs are quantifiable by coronary computed tomography angiography, but the relationship of coronary lesion ischemia—evaluated by fractional flow reserve—to WSS and APCs has not been examined. Methods and Results WSS measures were obtained from 100 evaluable patients who underwent coronary computed tomography angiography and invasive coronary angiography with fractional flow reserve. Patients were categorized according to tertiles of mean WSS values defined as low, intermediate, and high. Coronary ischemia was defined as fractional flow reserve ≤0.80. Stenosis severity was determined by minimal luminal diameter. APCs were defined as positive remodeling, low attenuation plaque, and spotty calcification. The likelihood of having positive remodeling and low‐attenuation plaque was greater in the high WSS group compared with the low WSS group after adjusting for minimal luminal diameter (odds ratio for positive remodeling: 2.54, 95% CI 1.12–5.77; odds ratio for low‐attenuation plaque: 2.68, 95% CI 1.02–7.06; both P<0.05). No significant relationship was observed between WSS and fractional flow reserve when adjusting for either minimal luminal diameter or APCs. WSS displayed no incremental benefit above stenosis severity and APCs for detecting lesions that caused ischemia (area under the curve for stenosis and APCs: 0.87, 95% CI 0.81–0.93; area under the curve for stenosis, APCs, and WSS: 0.88, 95% CI 0.82–0.93; P=0.30 for difference). Conclusions High WSS is associated with APCs independent of stenosis severity. WSS provided no added value beyond stenosis severity and APCs for detecting lesions with significant ischemia.
Factors that Influence Academic Achievement and Attitudes in Web Based Education.

In web based instruction, students’ interests and needs vary greatly when compared with the traditional learning approaches. Therefore, trying to find solutions to the students’ problems that are similar to the traditional learning approaches would yield poor results. Apart from that researches are needed to examine the various aspects of this new way of learning. In the light of this perspective, the current study investigates the factors that affect learners’ academic achievement and attitudes in web based education. 127 students enrolled in the e-MBA Masters Degree of Bilgi University constituted the study group of the research. A survey method was used for the study and the data were collected by a Demographic Information Questionnaire and Web Based Education Attitudes Scale. Initially, Demographic Information Questionnaire and Web Based Education Attitudes Scale were administered to the e-MBA students. Then, the eMBA Degree average course grades (GPA) were obtained from the department to determine academic achievement of the students. At the end of the study, it was revealed that web based education have positive effects on the improvement of academic achievement. The effect of web based education on attitude toward learning suggested that web use had positive effects mainly on motivation for learning and interested in the lessons.
A Selective V1A Receptor Agonist, Selepressin, Is Superior to Arginine Vasopressin and to Norepinephrine in Ovine Septic Shock*

Objective:Selective vasopressin V1A receptor agonists may have advantages over arginine vasopressin in the treatment of septic shock. We compared the effects of selepressin, a selective V1A receptor agonist, arginine vasopressin, and norepinephrine on hemodynamics, organ function, and survival in an ovine septic shock model. Design:Randomized animal study. Setting:University hospital animal research laboratory. Subjects:Forty-six adult female sheep. Interventions:Fecal peritonitis was induced in the anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, fluid-resuscitated sheep, and they were randomized in two successive phases. Three late-intervention groups (each n = 6) received IV selepressin (1 pmol/kg/min), arginine vasopressin (0.25 pmol [0.1 mU]/kg/min), or norepinephrine (3 nmol [0.5 &mgr;g]/kg/min) when mean arterial pressure remained less than 70 mm Hg despite fluid challenge; study drugs were thereafter titrated to keep mean arterial pressure at 70–80 mm Hg. Three early-intervention groups (each n = 7) received selepressin, arginine vasopressin, or norepinephrine at the same initial infusion rates as for the late intervention, but already when mean arterial pressure had decreased by 10% from baseline; doses were then titrated as for the late intervention. A control group (n = 7) received saline. All animals were observed until death or for a maximum of 30 hours. Measurements and Main Results:In addition to hemodynamic and organ function assessment, plasma interleukin-6 and nitrite/nitrate levels were measured. In the late-intervention groups, selepressin delayed the decrease in mean arterial pressure and was associated with lower lung wet/dry weight ratios than in the other two groups. In the early-intervention groups, selepressin maintained mean arterial pressure and cardiac index better than arginine vasopressin or norepinephrine, slowed the increase in blood lactate levels, and was associated with less lung edema, lower cumulative fluid balance, and lower interleukin-6 and nitrite/nitrate levels. Selepressin-treated animals survived longer than the other animals. Conclusions:In this clinically relevant model, selepressin, a selective V1A receptor agonist, was superior to arginine vasopressin and to norepinephrine in the treatment of septic shock, especially when administered early.
An RGS-Containing Sorting Nexin Controls Drosophila Lifespan

The pursuit of eternal youth has existed for centuries and recent data indicate that fat-storing tissues control lifespan. In a D. melanogaster fat body insertional mutagenic enhancer trap screen designed to isolate genes that control longevity, we identified a regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) domain containing sorting nexin, termed snazarus (s orting n exin l azarus, snz). Flies with insertions into the 5′ UTR of snz live up to twice as long as controls. Transgenic expression of UAS-Snz from the snz Gal4 enhancer trap insertion, active in fat metabolic tissues, rescued lifespan extension. Further, the lifespan extension of snz mutants was independent of endosymbiont, e.g., Wolbachia, effects. Notably, old snz mutant flies remain active and fertile indicating that snz mutants have prolonged youthfulness, a goal of aging research. Since mammals have snz-related genes, it is possible that the functions of the snz family may be conserved to humans.
Document Clustering Approach Using Internal Criterion Function

Document clustering is the act of collection of similar documents into bins. Fast and high quality document clustering is an important task in organizing information, search engine results obtaining results from user query, enhancing web crawling and information retrieval. With the large amount of data available and with a goal of creating good quality clusters, a variety of algorithms have been developed having quality-complexity trade offs. Among these, some algorithms seek to minimize the computational complexity using certain criterion functions which are defined for whole set of clustering solution. This paper proposes a novel document clustering algorithm based on internal criterion function. Commonly used partitioning clustering algorithms (e.g. k-means) have some drawbacks as they suffer from local optimum solutions and creation of empty clusters as a clustering solution. The proposed algorithm usually doesn't suffer from these problems and converge to a global optimum. Further its performance enhances with the increase in the document number of clusters. The proposed algorithm has been verified against three different datasets for four different values of k (required number of clusters). Further CLUTO tool has been used to improve the performance of criterion function for document clustering.
On (In)Tractability of OBDA with OWL 2 QL

We show that, although conjunctive queries over OWL 2 QL ontologies are reducible to database queries, no algorithm can construct such a reduction in polynomial time without changing the data. On the other hand, we give a polynomial reduction for OWL2QL ontologies without role inclusions.
Posttraumatic stress disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey.

BACKGROUND Data were obtained on the general population epidemiology of DSM-III-R posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), including information on estimated life-time prevalence, the kinds of traumas most often associated with PTSD, sociodemographic correlates, the comorbidity of PTSD with other lifetime psychiatric disorders, and the duration of an index episode. METHODS Modified versions of the DSM-III-R PTSD module from the Diagnostic Interview Schedule and of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview were administered to a representative national sample of 5877 persons aged 15 to 54 years in the part II subsample of the National Comorbidity Survey. RESULTS The estimated lifetime prevalence of PTSD is 7.8%. Prevalence is elevated among women and the previously married. The traumas most commonly associated with PTSD are combat exposure and witnessing among men and rape and sexual molestation among women. Posttraumatic stress disorder is strongly comorbid with other lifetime DSM-III-R disorders. Survival analysis shows that more than one third of people with an index episode of PTSD fail to recover even after many years. CONCLUSIONS Posttraumatic stress disorder is more prevalent than previously believed, and is often persistent. Progress in estimating age-at-onset distributions, cohort effects, and the conditional probabilities of PTSD from different types of trauma will require future epidemiologic studies to assess PTSD for all lifetime traumas rather than for only a small number of retrospectively reported "most serious" traumas.
Magnesium Intake and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE Emerging epidemiological evidence suggests that higher magnesium intake may reduce diabetes incidence. We aimed to examine the association between magnesium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes by conducting a meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a PubMed database search through January 2011 to identify prospective cohort studies of magnesium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes. Reference lists of retrieved articles were also reviewed. A random-effects model was used to compute the summary risk estimates. RESULTS Meta-analysis of 13 prospective cohort studies involving 536,318 participants and 24,516 cases detected a significant inverse association between magnesium intake and risk of type 2 diabetes (relative risk [RR] 0.78 [95% CI 0.73–0.84]). This association was not substantially modified by geographic region, follow-up length, sex, or family history of type 2 diabetes. A significant inverse association was observed in overweight (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) but not in normal-weight individuals (BMI <25 kg/m2), although test for interaction was not statistically significant (Pinteraction = 0.13). In the dose-response analysis, the summary RR of type 2 diabetes for every 100 mg/day increment in magnesium intake was 0.86 (95% CI 0.82–0.89). Sensitivity analyses restricted to studies with adjustment for cereal fiber intake yielded similar results. Little evidence of publication bias was observed. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis provides further evidence supporting that magnesium intake is significantly inversely associated with risk of type 2 diabetes in a dose-response manner.
Negative Charges in the Transmembrane Domains of the HERG K Channel Are Involved in the Activation- and Deactivation-gating Processes

The transmembrane domains of HERG (S1–S3) contain six negative charges: three are conserved in all voltage-gated K channels (D456 and D466 in S2, D501 in S3) and three are unique to the EAG family (D411 in S1, D460 in S2, and D509 in S3). We infer the functional role of these aspartates by studying how substituting them with cysteine, one at a time, affects the channel function. D456C is not functional, suggesting that this negative charge may play a critical role in channel protein folding during biogenesis, as has been shown for its counterpart in the Shaker channel. Data from the other five functional mutants suggest that D411 can stabilize the HERG channel in the closed state, while D460 and D509 have the opposite effect. D466 and D501 both may contribute to voltage-sensing during the activation process. On the other hand, all five aspartates work in a concerted fashion in contributing to the slow deactivation process of the HERG channel. Accessibility tests of the introduced thiol groups to extracellular MTS reagents indicate that water-filled crevices penetrate deep into the HERG protein core, reaching the cytoplasmic halves of S1 and S2. At these deep locations, accessibility of 411C and 466C to the extracellular aqueous phase is voltage dependent, suggesting that conformational changes occur in S1 and S2 or the surrounding crevices during gating. Increasing extracellular [H+] accelerates HERG deactivation. This effect is suppressed by substituting the aspartates with cysteine, suggesting that protonation of these aspartates may contribute to the signaling pathway whereby external [H+] influences conformational changes in the channel's cytoplasmic domains (where deactivation takes place). There is no evidence for a metal ion binding site coordinated by negative charges in the transmembrane domains of HERG, as the one described for the EAG channel.
Relationships between nutrition , puberty and mammary development in cattle

Production of colostrum and milk in sufficient amounts is essential for survival of the young in most mammals. Thus, lactation is an integral part of the reproductive cycle and, in line with its role in reproduction, mammary development occurs in distinct phases related to reproductive development during fetal life, puberty, pregnancy, and lactation. The main developments, quantitatively as well as qualitatively, occur during late pregnancy, when mammary ducts develop into lobulo-alveolar tissue with differentiated cells capable of producing milk with all its components. It is the number of mammary cells in the mammary glands that largely determines the lactation potential of the mother. In cattle, lactation has an added significance in view of the important role of cow’s milk in human nutrition. Mammary development in cattle largely follows the same pattern as in other mammals, but mammary cell growth is believed to end at parturition. Therefore the milk yield potential of cows is determined, to a large extent, by the growth of the mammary glands around puberty and during pregnancy. The extent of mammary gland development during puberty is much less pronounced than during pregnancy, but it has become clear that mammary development in this period is critical for the future milk yield potential of heifers (Sejrsen, 1978; Foldager & Sejrsen, 1987; Johnsson, 1988; Troccon & Petit, 1989; Waldo et af. 1989). One of the important factors influencing pubertal mammary growth is nutrition. Given this background it is the objective of the present paper to provide an overview of the relationships between nutrition, puberty and mammary development in heifers.
Taking One For the Team: Motivating Prosocial Volunteering By Varying the Size and the (Un)Certainty of Its Impact on Collective Welfare

[to cite]: Christopher Olivola, Yeonjeong Kim, Avi Merzel, Yaakov Kareev, Judith Avrahami, and Ilana Ritov (2015) ,"Taking One For the Team: Motivating Prosocial Volunteering By Varying the Size and the (Un)Certainty of Its Impact on Collective Welfare", in NA Advances in Consumer Research Volume 43, eds. Kristin Diehl and Carolyn Yoon, Duluth, MN : Association for Consumer Research, Pages: 224-228.
esign of cationic lipid nanoparticles for ocular delivery : evelopment , characterization and cytotoxicity

In the present study we have developed lipid nanoparticle (LN) dispersions based on a multiple emulsion technique for encapsulation of hydrophilic drugs or/and proteins by a full factorial design. In order to increase ocular retention time and mucoadhesion by electrostatic attraction, a cationic lipid, namely cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), was added in the lipid matrix of the optimal LN dispersion obtained from the factorial design. There are a limited number of studies reporting the ideal concentration of cationic agents in LN for drug delivery. This paper suggests that the choice of the concentration of a cationic agent is critical when formulating a safe and stable LN. CTAB was included in the lipid matrix ipid nanoparticles cular delivery ultiple emulsion
The DoF of the K-user interference channel with a cognitive relay

It was shown recently that the 2-user interference channel with a cognitive relay (IC-CR) has full degrees of freedom (DoF) almost surely, that is, 2 DoF. The purpose of this work is to check whether the DoF of the K-user IC-CR, consisting of K user pairs and a cognitive relay, follow as a straight forward extension of the 2-user case. As it turns out, this is not the case. The k-user IC-CR is shown to have 2K/3 DoF if K >; 2 for the when the channel is time varying, achievable using interference alignment. Thus, while the basic k-user IC with time varying channel coefficients has 1/2 DoF per user for all K, the k-user IC-CR with varying channels has 1 DoF per user if K = 2 and 2/3 DoF per user if K >; 2. Furthermore, the DoF region of the 3-user IC-CR with constant channels is characterized using interference neutralization, and a new upper bound on the sum-capacity of the 2-user IC-CR is given.
The Angular Momentum Evolution of 0.1-10 M☉ Stars from the Birth Line to the Main Sequence

Projected rotational velocities (v sin i) have been measured for a sample of 145 stars with masses between 0.4 and greater than 10 M☉ (median mass 2.1 M☉) located in the Orion star-forming complex. These measurements have been supplemented with data from the literature for Orion stars with masses as low as 0.1 M☉. The primary finding from analysis of these data is that the upper envelope of the observed values of angular momentum per unit mass (J/M) varies as M0.25 for stars on convective tracks having masses in the range ~0.1 to ~3 M☉. This power law extends smoothly into the domain of more massive stars (3-10 M☉), which in Orion are already on the zero-age main sequence. This result stands in sharp contrast to the properties of main-sequence stars, which show a break in the power law and a sharp decline in J/M with decreasing mass for stars with M < 2 M☉. A second result of our study is that this break is seen already among the pre-main-sequence stars in our Orion sample that are on radiative tracks, even though these stars are only a few million years old. A comparison of rotation rates seen for stars on either side of the convective-radiative boundary shows that stars do not rotate as solid bodies during the transition from convective to radiative tracks. As a preliminary demonstration of how observations can be used to constrain the processes that control early stellar angular momentum, we show that the broad trends in the data can be accounted for by simple models that posit that stars (1) lose angular momentum before they are deposited on the birth line, plausibly through star-disk interactions; (2) undergo additional braking as they evolve down their convective tracks; and (3) are subject to core-envelope decoupling during the convective-radiative transition.
Citizenship rights, discrimination and stigmatisation of LGBTI students by health care services at a South African rural-based university

abstract Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex (LGBTI) individuals experience stigmatisation and discrimination in their everyday lives. These experiences are noted in South Africa, even though its constitution of 1996 is recorded as the first constitution in the world to explicitly provide for non-discrimination against people based on gender and sexual orientation. This article highlights the findings of an interpretative phenomenological analysis study conducted in a South African rural university. The purpose of the study was to gain an in-depth understanding of the experiences of LGBTI individuals with regard to utilisation of the health care services in a South African rural university. The findings of the study focus on citizenship rights and the discrimination that LGBTI students experience in accessing health care services. The main forms of discrimination reported are the heterocentric nature of services and treatment at the campus health clinic and the heteronormative prejudice held by university health care personnel. Recommendations are made to address the problematic social exclusion that arises from heterocentric delivery of health services and highlight the equal rights of LGBTI students to health care that addresses all students’ needs, regardless of sex, gender, sexual orientation and gender identity, in a South African rural university.
Surveys in Combinatorics 2011: Hypergraph Turán problems

One of the earliest results in Combinatorics is Mantel’s theorem from 1907 that the largest triangle-free graph on a given vertex set is complete bipartite. However, a seemingly similar question posed by Turan in 1941 is still open: what is the largest 3-uniform hypergraph on a given vertex set with no tetrahedron? This question can be considered a test case for the general hypergraph Turan problem, where given an r-uniform hypergraph F , we want to determine the maximum number of edges in an r-uniform hypergraph on n vertices that does not contain a copy of F . To date there are very few results on this problem, even asymptotically. However, recent years have seen a revitalisation of this field, via significant developments in the available methods, notably the use of stability (approximate structure) and flag algebras. This article surveys the known results and methods, and discusses some open problems.