Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Feeling Body: Toward an Enactive Approach to Emotion

For many years, emotion theory has been characterized by a dichotomy between the head and the body. In the golden years of cognitivism, during the 1960s and '70s, emotion theory focused on the cognitive antecedents of emotion, the so-called " appraisal processes. " Some saw bodily events largely as by-products of cognition, and as too unspeci c to contribute to the variety of emotion experience. Cognition was conceptualized as an abstract, intellectual, " heady " process separate from bodily events. Although current emotion theory has moved beyond this disembodied stance by conceiving of emotions as involving both cognitive processes (e.g., perception, attention, and evaluation) and bodily events (e.g., arousal, behavior, and facial expressions), the legacy of cognitivism persists in the tendency to treat cognitive and bodily events as separate constituents of emotion. us, the cognitive aspects of emotion are supposedly distinct and separate from the bodily ones. is separation indicates that cognitivism's disembodied conception of
Smoking, changes in smoking habits, and rate of decline in FEV1: new insight into gender differences.

We wanted to test the hypothesis that gender differences in effects of smoking on the rate of decline in pulmonary function may be related to gender differences in the frequency of smoking. Data from the Vlagtwedde-Vlaardingen study in The Netherlands were analysed, to investigate the rate of decline in forced expiratory volume in one second (delta FEV1) in relation to smoking status and gender. 4,554 participants, initially aged 15-54 yrs, provided 16,900 pairs of observations at 3 yr intervals over 24 yrs of follow-up. Lifetime nonsmokers accounted for 11% of male participants and 45% of female participants. Compared with lifetime nonsmokers, estimated excess delta FEV1 for light, moderate, and heavy continued smokers was 4.4, 9.5 and 13.5 ml.yr-1 for men and 6.1, 10.8 and 18.8 ml.yr-1 for women, respectively. Female former smokers had a significantly more rapid delta FEV1 (beta = 4.4, SE = 1.6 ml.yr-1) than lifetime nonsmokers; but male former smokers had a slower rate of decline (beta = 4.1, SE = 2.3 ml.yr-1) than lifetime nonsmokers. Overall gender difference in smoking effects on delta FEV1 was statistically significant. Among subjects who smoked an identical amount at the beginning of the study period those who quit smoking during the period had a significantly slower delta FEV1 than those who continued smoking, for both men (beta = 20.6, SE = 3.9 ml.yr-1) and women (beta = 15.7, SE = 3.4 ml.yr-1). Younger quitters (< 45 yrs) benefited significantly more from smoking cessation than older quitters (> or = 45 yrs). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
The relationships of character strengths with coping, work-related stress, and job satisfaction

Personality traits have often been highlighted to relate to how people cope with stressful events. The present paper focuses on character strengths as positive personality traits and examines two basic assumptions that were derived from a core characteristic of character strengths (i.e., to determine how individuals deal with adversities): (1) character strengths correlate with coping and (2) buffer the effects of work-related stress on job satisfaction. Two different samples (i.e., a mixed sample representing various occupations [N = 214] and a nurses sample [N = 175]) filled in measures for character strengths, coping, work-related stress, and job satisfaction. As expected, intellectual, emotional, and interpersonal strengths were related to coping. Interpersonal strengths played a greater role for coping among nurses, as interactions with others are an essential part of their workday. Furthermore, intellectual strengths partially mediated the negative effect of work-related stress on job satisfaction. These findings open a new field for research on the role of personality in coping with work-related stress. Character strengths are trainable personal characteristics, and therefore valuable resources to improve coping with work-related stress and to decrease the negative effects of stress. Further research is needed to investigate this assumed causality.
Pattern of intraocular pressure reduction following laser trabeculoplasty in open-angle glaucoma patients: comparison between selective and nonselective treatment

Objective To compare the pattern of intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction following selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) versus argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT) in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) patients, and to investigate the ability of initial IOP reduction to predict mid-term success. Methods A prospective, nonrandomized, interventional case series was carried out. Consecutive uncontrolled OAG glaucoma patients underwent SLT or ALT; the same preoperative medical regimen was maintained during follow-up. Data collected included age, type of OAG, pre- and postoperative IOP, number of glaucoma medications, and surgical complications. Post-treatment assessments were scheduled at day 1 and 7 and months 1, 3, and 6. Results A total of 45 patients (45 eyes) were enrolled [SLT group (n = 25); ALT group (n = 20)]. Groups were similar for age, baseline IOP, and number of glaucoma medications (P ≥ 0.12). We found no significant differences in mean IOP reduction between SLT (5.1 ± 2.5 mmHg; 26.6%) and ALT (4.4 ± 2.8 mmHg; 22.8%) groups at month 6 (P = 0.38). Success rates (IOP ≤ 16 mmHg and IOP reduction ≥25%) at last follow-up visit were similar for SLT (72%) and ALT (65%) groups (P = 0.36). Comparing the pattern of IOP reduction (% of IOP reduction at each visit) between groups, we found a greater effect following SLT compared with ALT at day 7 (23.7% ± 13.7% vs 8.1% ± 9.5%; P < 0.001). No significant differences were observed at other time points (P ≥ 0.32). Additionally, the percentage of IOP reduction at day 7 and at month 6 were significantly correlated in the SLT group (R2 = 0.36; P < 0.01), but not in the ALT group (P = 0.89). Early postoperative success predicted late success in most SLT cases (82%). No serious complications were observed. Conclusion Although mid-term results suggest SLT and ALT as effective and equivalent alternatives, a greater initial IOP reduction was observed following SLT. In addition, the initial IOP reduction was a good predictor of mid-term success in patients undergoing SLT, but not ALT.
Transient Receptor Potential Canonical Channels Are Required for in Vitro Endothelial Tube Formation*

Background: Different Ca2+ entry pathways co-exist in endothelial cells. Results: On artificial basement membrane, endothelial cells displayed Ca2+ oscillations and formed tubes, both processes prevented after silencing TRPC channels, but not Orai1. Conclusion: TRPC channels are essential for in vitro tubulogenesis. Significance: TRPC channels represent interesting candidates to modulate angiogenesis. In endothelial cells Ca2+ entry is an essential component of the Ca2+ signal that takes place during processes such as cell proliferation or angiogenesis. Ca2+ influx occurs via the store-operated Ca2+ entry pathway, involving stromal interaction molecule-1 (STIM1) and Orai1, but also through channels gated by second messengers like the transient receptor potential canonical (TRPC) channels. The human umbilical vein-derived endothelial cell line EA.hy926 expressed STIM1 and Orai1 as well as several TRPC channels. By invalidating each of these molecules, we showed that TRPC3, TRPC4, and TRPC5 are essential for the formation of tubular structures observed after EA.hy926 cells were plated on Matrigel. On the contrary, the silencing of STIM1 or Orai1 did not prevent tubulogenesis. Soon after being plated on Matrigel, the cells displayed spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations that were strongly reduced by treatment with siRNA against TRPC3, TRPC4, or TRPC5, but not siRNA against STIM1 or Orai1. Furthermore, we showed that cell proliferation was reduced upon siRNA treatment against TRPC3, TRPC5, and Orai1 channels, whereas the knockdown of STIM1 had no effect. On primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells, TRPC1, TRPC4, and STIM1 are involved in tube formation, whereas Orai1 has no effect. These data showed that TRPC channels are essential for in vitro tubulogenesis, both on endothelial cell line and on primary endothelial cells.
A Word and Character-Cluster Hybrid Model for Thai Word Segmentation

In this paper, we describe our system used in the InterBEST 2009 Thai Word Segmentation Shared Task. Our system is based on a word and character-cluster hybrid model which can effectively handle both known and unknown words. In addition, our model can be integrated with simple strategies for reducing annotation inconsistencies. Experimental results on in-domain and out-of-domain test data sets show the effectiveness of our system.
Using Theory of Mind to represent and take part in social interactions: Comparing individuals with high-functioning autism and typically developing controls

The literature suggests that individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are deficient in their Theory of Mind (ToM) abilities. They sometimes do not seem to appreciate that behaviour is motivated by underlying mental states. If this is true, then individuals with ASD should also be deficient when they use their ToM to represent and take part in dyadic interactions. In the current study we compared the performance of normally intelligent adolescents and adults with ASD to typically developing controls. In one task they heard a narrative about an interaction and then retold it. In a second task they played a communication game that required them to take into account another person's perspective. We found that when they described people's behaviour the ASD individuals used fewer mental terms in their story narration, suggesting a lower tendency to represent interactions in mentalistic terms. Surprisingly, ASD individuals and control participants showed the same level of performance in the communication game that required them to distinguish between their beliefs and the other's beliefs. Given that ASD individuals show no deficiency in using their ToM in real interaction, it is unlikely that they have a systematically deficient ToM.
A new energy-efficient clustering protocol for wireless sensor networks based on Network Function Virtualisation (NFV)

In wireless sensor networks, minimising energy consumption is the most important challenge that should be considered in their design. Routing consumes a considerable amount of energy in the communication to perform various functions such as clustering and neighbourhood discovery; therefore reducing the number of communications should be one of the objectives in the design of energy-efficient protocols. In this paper, a new virtualised clustering routing protocol, based on the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy Protocol (LEACH) and Network Function Virtualisation (NFV) techniques, was developed and analysed to improve the energy efficiency of the network and maximise the network's lifetime. To calculate the amount of consumed energy for each node in the network, an analytical model was developed to be used by a cloud-based server to estimate the energy that will be consumed in the proposed protocol. Analysis using the developed model showed that the new protocol could achieve an improvement in the network lifetime by reducing the number of communication messages and thus will minimise the sensor nodes' energy consumption compared with the conventional LEACH protocol.
Effects of valence and arousal on the allocation of attention to motivationally significant stimuli.

Innate attentional mechanisms that prioritise the processing of potential threats and opportunities for satisfying basic primordial needs serve a highly adaptive function for an individual and the species. Existing research has revealed preferential spatial attention for threatening stimuli, including: (i) facilitated attentional engagement, (ii) delayed disengagement, and (iii) attentional avoidance. Theoretical models that have attempted to explain these phenomena are predicated on the assumption that a threat detection mechanism operates automatically to facilitate preferential processing of threatening information. According to motivational accounts of emotional processing, however, an adaptive attentional system should also prioritise high arousing, appetitive stimuli that are symbolic of our evolutionary needs. Although relatively unexplored, there is evidence to suggest that appetitive stimuli may also preferentially capture attention, with recent studies suggesting that stimulus arousal determines the allocation of cognitive resources, independent of valence. To disentangle the effects of valence and arousal on visual attention, a novel set of motivationally significant pictures was developed. The pictures were validated in Study 1 using physiological indices of the orienting response, a precursory mechanism to attentional processing. Skin conductance responses (SCRs) and heart rate were measured while nonselect participants passively viewed threatening, appetitive, and neutral pictures that varied in arousal. Verbal ratings of valence, arousal, and interest were obtained following the viewing task. Irrespective of valence, SCRs and cardiac deceleration were greatest for high arousing pictures (blood injuries and heterosexual erotica) relative to low arousing pictures (human aggression and nurturance of offspring), suggesting that orienting is augmented on the basis of stimulus arousal. The physiological indices were found to share a strong
What are the determinants of interpersonal trust in dyadic negotiations? Meta-analytic evidence and implications for future research

ABSTRACT Given the practical importance of interpersonal trust in dyadic negotiations, scholars have increasingly turned their attention to the study of determinants of trust in negotiations. However, research in this area has not been well connected or integrated, which limits the ability of scholars and practitioners to ascertain the state of current scientific knowledge and identify questions for future research. Based on attribution theory and social exchange theory, we present a conceptual framework for understanding how a variety of factors combine to influence the development of interpersonal trust in dyadic negotiations. Then, to verify the conceptual framework, we identified and meta-analysed findings from a total of 25 independent studies of determinants of trust in negotiations. The meta-analyses provided support for two of the three factors in the conceptual framework – trustor attributes and shared attributes – that are likely to influence an individual’s trust in a negotiation partner. The framework and findings provide valuable scientific insights on trust and negotiation, and also valuable practical insights for negotiation practitioners.
Prevalence and severity of pain in cancer patients in an outpatient palliative care setting in Saudi Arabia

Background: The prevalence and severity of cancer pain in the outpatient palliative care (PC) setting have not been explored previously in Saudi Arabia (SA). Exploration of this basic information may help in evaluating pain severity in patients new to PC as compared to those with previous PC exposure. Objective: This paper aims to determine the prevalence and severity of cancer pain among new and follow-up patients attending a PC outpatient clinic. Methods: In a PC outpatient setting in a major tertiary hospital in SA, we interviewed adult patients with cancer during their attendance to the clinic. Patients were requested to score the severity of their pain on a 0 to 10 numerical scale. Results: A total of 124 patients were interviewed, of whom 73 (59%) were females. The majority of patients (82.3%) had metastatic disease. The most common cancers were breast (27.4%) and head and neck (15.3%). The majority of patients (85.5%) reported pain, with a median intensity score of 5 and a mean of 4.6. Of those who reported pain, 54 (51%) scored above 4. The mean pain score did not differ between groups of patients according to various characteristics such as age, sex, performance status, type of cancer or encounter type. Conclusion: Pain is a prevalent symptom in new and follow-up cancer patients seen in a PC outpatient setting in SA. Further research on a larger scale is needed to evaluate the magnitude of the problem more comprehensively with emphasis on detailed pain assessment and exploration of the adopted management approaches.
A Study on Diffusion Pattern of Technology Convergence: Patent Analysis for Korea

Technology convergence indicates that technologies of different application areas are converted into a new and common unity of technology. Its range spans from inter-field, whereby technologies are converged between heterogeneous fields in homogeneous sector, to a wider inter-sector, whereby technologies belong to heterogeneous technology sector are converged. This paper determined the definition of technology convergence from previous literature and classified patents into technology category depending on patent information. Furthermore, we empirically measure technology convergence degree based on co-classification analysis and estimate its diffusion trend at the entire technology domain level by using overall 1,476,967 of patents filed to the KIPO (Korean Intellectual Property Office) from 1998 to 2010. As a result, potential size and growth rate of technology convergence are varied by both technology and type of technology convergence, i.e. , inter-field and inter-sector technology convergence. Diffusion pattern of inter-sector technology convergence appears as the more various form than that of inter-field technology convergence. In a relationship between potential size and growth rate of technology convergence, growth rate of technology convergence is in inverse proportion to potential size of technology convergence in general. That is, the faster the growth rate of technology convergence, the smaller the potential size of technology convergence. In addition, this paper found that technology convergence of the instrument and chemistry sector is actively progressing in both inter-field and inter-sector convergence, while the technologies related to Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in electrical engineering sector have relatively mature progress of technology convergence, especially in inter-sector technology convergence.
Introgression of opaque2 into Waxy Maize Causes Extensive Biochemical and Proteomic Changes in Endosperm

Waxy maize is prevalently grown in China and other countries due to the excellent characters and economic value. However, its low content of lysine can’t meet the nutritional requirements of humans and livestock. In the present study, we introgressed the opaque2 (o2) allele into waxy maize line Zhao OP-6/O2O2 by using marker-assisted selection (MAS) technique and successfully improved the lysine content and quality of waxy maize. Transcript abundance analysis indicated that the wx1 expression levels had no difference between Zhao OP-6/o2o2 and Zhao OP-6/O2O2. However, Zhao OP-6/o2o2 was characterized by a phenotype of hard and vitreous kernels and accumulation of protein bodies at smaller size (one third of that of parents) but in larger numbers. Biochemical analyses showed that Zhao OP-6/o2o2 had 16.7% less free amino acids than Zhao OP-6/O2O2, especially those derived from glycolytic intermediates, but its content of lysine was increased by 51.6% (0.47% vs. 0.31%). The content of amylopectin was 98.5% in Zhao OP-6/o2o2, significantly higher than that in Zhao OP-6/O2O2 (97.7%). Proteomic analyses indicated that o2 introgression not only decreased the accumulation of various zein proteins except for 27-kDa γ-zein, but also affected other endosperm proteins related to amino acid biosynthesis, starch-protein balance, stress response and signal transduction. This study gives us an intriguing insight into the metabolism changes in endosperm of waxy maize introgressed with opaque2.
Melatoninergic System in Parkinson's Disease: From Neuroprotection to the Management of Motor and Nonmotor Symptoms

Melatonin is synthesized by several tissues besides the pineal gland, and beyond its regulatory effects in light-dark cycle, melatonin is a hormone with neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Melatonin acts as a free-radical scavenger, reducing reactive species and improving mitochondrial homeostasis. Melatonin also regulates the expression of neurotrophins that are involved in the survival of dopaminergic neurons and reduces α-synuclein aggregation, thus protecting the dopaminergic system against damage. The unbalance of pineal melatonin synthesis can predispose the organism to inflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this review is to summarize the knowledge about the potential role of the melatoninergic system in the pathogenesis and treatment of PD. The literature reviewed here indicates that PD is associated with impaired brain expression of melatonin and its receptors MT1 and MT2. Exogenous melatonin treatment presented an outstanding neuroprotective effect in animal models of PD induced by different toxins, such as 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), rotenone, paraquat, and maneb. Despite the neuroprotective effects and the improvement of motor impairments, melatonin also presents the potential to improve nonmotor symptoms commonly experienced by PD patients such as sleep and anxiety disorders, depression, and memory dysfunction.
Edgeworth Price Cycles, Cost-Based Pricing, and Sticky Pricing in Retail Gasoline Markets

This paper examines dynamic pricing behavior in Canadian retail gasoline markets. I find three distinct pricing patterns: cost-based pricing, sticky pricing, and sharp asymmetric retail price cycles that resemble the Edgeworth cycles of Maskin and Tirole (1988). I use a Markov-switching regression to estimate the prevalence of the regimes and the structural characteristics of the cycles themselves. I find cycles are more prevalent when there are more small firms and are accelerated and amplified with very many small firms. In markets with few small firms, sticky pricing dominates. The findings are consistent with the theory of Edgeworth cycles.
On Some Cograph Extensions and Their Algorithms

This paper reviews some classes of graphs related to cographs. The characterization of cographs by which there is no induced path on three edges (P4) is relaxed in various ways. Considered are classes of graphs that are uniquely representable by trees. Three such classes studied here are: P4ducible,P4-sparse andP4-extendible graphs. In addition, we show that the class of P4-lite graphs has also a unique tree representation. This class is further studied with respect to belonging to perfectly orderable graphs. It is shown that P4-lite graphs are a proper subset of perfectly orderable graph class known asP4-simplicial graphs. Linear time sequential recognition algorithms are discussed, together with NC class parallel algorithms. We show that the recognition of these classes belongs to NC class of algorithms and hint to possible extensions of existing algorithms. 1.0 Introduction This paper deals with several classes of perfect and near-perfect graphs related to complement reducible graphs cographs. Especially interesting is the existence of graphs that have a unique tree representation, which allows us to devise polynomial time algorithms for various problems. This report focuses primarily on this type of cograph extensions and generalizations. The text is organized as follows. An overview of cographs is given first. Section 3 contains the study of four classes of cograph extensions. Section 4 discusses further one of the families and points to a link between cograph extensions and graph decompositions. The report closes with the discussion of recognition algorithms for given classes of graphs.