Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The relationship between work motivation and worker profile in UK hospitality workers.

While the UK hospitality industry is growing faster than the economy, mental health problems are a serious concern in this worker population. Our previous research identified that work motivation accounted for a significant variance in mental health, however, the relationship between types of work motivation and worker profile has not been explored to date. Therefore, this study aimed to i) identify the primary type of work motivation, and ii) explore relationships between types of work motivation and worker profile in UK hospitality workers. UK hospitality workers (n=103) completed a worker profile questionnaire and work motivation measure. Their internal motivation was significantly higher than external motivation. Male and longer industry experience were associated with amotivation, the lowest type of motivation. A higher position in the organisation was associated with external regulation, the second lowest type of motivation. Intervention research for intrinsic motivation, particularly among male experienced workers or managers/owners is warranted. Considering their low wages, the high levels of internal motivation may be explained by the ‘psychological justification’ strategies. Furthermore, male hospitality workers’ high levels of external motivation may highlight the UK’s strong masculine culture as described in Hofstede’s cultural dimension theory. Likewise, highly positioned workers' high levels of external motivation may relate to the UK's low power distance in the same theory. Cross-cultural comparisons of work motivation and mental health (e.g., with the high feminine Dutch culture and/or the high power distant Malaysian culture) would be an important future direction to help place these findings in a global context.
Growth Variation, Settlement, and Spawning of Gray Snapper across a Latitudinal Gradient

Abstract Newly recruited juvenile gray snapper Lutjanus griseus were collected each fall for two consecutive years (2000 and 2001) from sites in Florida and North Carolina. Spawning, settlement, and growth patterns were compared across sites based on otolith microstructure. Larval otolith growth trajectories were generally similar for larvae from different sites and years; however, the mean pelagic larval duration (PLD) was 1 d longer for fish from North Carolina than for fish from the more southern sites. As a result, fish were larger at settlement to North Carolina. Estimated juvenile growth rates ranged between 0.62 and 0.88 mm/d and differed across sites and years, growth being generally faster at the southern sites. Water temperature accounts for some of this variability; however, site-specific differences in other factors probably contributed to some of the observed differences in growth. Back-calculated spawning patterns showed a lunar association with the new and first-quarter moons at all sites e.
Hydrodynamic modeling of an undulating fin for robotic fish design

Motivated by the interests to develop an agile, high-efficient robotic fish for underwater applications where safe environment for data-acquisition without disturbing the surrounding during exploration is of particular concern, this paper presents computational and experimental results of a biologically-inspired mechanical undulating-fin. The findings offer intuitive insights for optimizing the design of a fin-based robotic fish which has potentials to offer several advantages including low underwater acoustic noise, great maneuverability and better propulsion efficiency at low speeds. Specifically, this paper begins with the design of a robotic fish developed for experimental investigation and for validating computational hydrodynamic models of an undulating fin. A relatively complete computational model describing the hydrodynamics of an undulating fin is given. To analyze the effect of propagating wave motions on the forces acting on the fin surface, the three-dimensional unsteady fluid flow around the undulating fin is numerically solved using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The pressure and velocity distributions acting on the undulating fin have been numerically simulated providing a basis to compute the forces acting on the undulating fin. The computational model has been experimentally validated by comparing the computed thrust coefficient against measured data based on a prototype flexible-fin mechanism.
Fingerprint features-statistical analysis and system performance estimates

As the need for personal authentication increases, many people are turning to biometric authentication as an alternative to traditional security devices. Concurrently, users and vendors of biometric authentication systems are searching for methods to establish system performance. This paper presents a model that defines the parameters necessary to estimate the performance of fingerprint-authentication systems without going through the rigors of intensive system testing inherent in establishing error rates. The model presented here was developed to predict the performance of the pore-based automated fingerprint-matching routine developed internally in the research and development division at the National Security Agency. This paper also discusses the statistics of fingerprint pores and the efficacy of using pores in addition to the traditionally used minutiae to improve system performance. In addition this paper links together the realms of automated matching and statistical evaluations of fingerprint features. The results of this link provides knowledge of practical performance limits of any automated matching routine that utilizes pores or minutia features.
Assessing Golfer Performance Using Golfmetrics

The software application Golfmetrics was created to capture and store golfer shot data and to quantify differences in shot patterns between players of different skill levels. Across golfers it is shown, somewhat surprisingly, that longer hitters tend to be straighter than shorter hitters. Individual golfers can be measured relative to a benchmark to assess relative accuracy and to suggest whether to focus on increasing distance or decreasing directional errors. For amateur golfers, distance errors on short game and sand shots are shown to be about three times larger than direction errors. Shot value is a quantitative measure of the quality of each shot in comparison to a scratch golfer. Shot value analysis is a useful way to measure consistency, assess a golfer’s relative strengths and weaknesses, and to indicate where practice and improvement are most needed. For amateur golfers a significant contributor to high scores is inconsistency, i.e., a relatively small number of awful shots. This research also quantifies the contributions of each part of the golf game (putting, short game, sand game or long game) to overall scores for golfers of different abilities. The long game is found to be the biggest factor in the difference in scores between pros and amateurs and between low- and high-handicap amateurs.
EPR and Bell Locality

A new formulation of the EPR argument is presented, one which uses John Bell’s mathematically precise local causality condition in place of the looser locality assumption which was used in the original EPR paper and on which Niels Bohr seems to have based his objection to the EPR argument. The new formulation of EPR helps clarify the relation between this argument and Bell’s Theorem. The relation between these two arguments — in particular, the role of EPR as part one of Bell’s two‐part argument for nonlocality — is also discussed in detail.
Neurodevelopmental Trajectories of the Human Cerebral Cortex

Understanding the organization of the cerebral cortex remains a central focus of neuroscience. Cortical maps have relied almost exclusively on the examination of postmortem tissue to construct structural, architectonic maps. These maps have invariably distinguished between areas with fewer discernable layers, which have a less complex overall pattern of lamination and lack an internal granular layer, and those with more complex laminar architecture. The former includes several agranular limbic areas, and the latter includes the homotypical and granular areas of association and sensory cortex. Here, we relate these traditional maps to developmental data from noninvasive neuroimaging. Changes in cortical thickness were determined in vivo from 764 neuroanatomic magnetic resonance images acquired longitudinally from 375 typically developing children and young adults. We find differing levels of complexity of cortical growth across the cerebrum, which align closely with established architectonic maps. Cortical regions with simple laminar architecture, including most limbic areas, predominantly show simpler growth trajectories. These areas have clearly identified homologues in all mammalian brains and thus likely evolved in early mammals. In contrast, polysensory and high-order association areas of cortex, the most complex areas in terms of their laminar architecture, also have the most complex developmental trajectories. Some of these areas are unique to, or dramatically expanded in primates, lending an evolutionary significance to the findings. Furthermore, by mapping a key characteristic of these development trajectories (the age of attaining peak cortical thickness) we document the dynamic, heterochronous maturation of the cerebral cortex through time lapse sequences (“movies”).
Expressing real-time requirements on object-interactions

Traditionally, real-time requirements are expressed by means of deadlines, which are imposed by the environment on the system. This approach, however, is not well suited for expressing real-time requirements on the interaction between objects; such as found in distributed systems supporting autonomy of objects. This paper presents a coherent framework in which real-time requirements for such interacting objects can be expressed. Two interrelated system layers are considered together: the communication layer and the distributed programming layer that describes how interactions between the objects are organized. In particular, the paper evaluates the relationship between real-time requirements and real-time activities in distributed object-oriented systems
Isolation and Characterization of the Cryptococcus neoformans MAT a Pheromone Gene

Cryptococcus neoformans is a heterothallic basidiomycete with two mating types, MATa and MAT . The mating pathway of this fungus has a number of conserved genes, including a MAT -specific pheromone (MF 1). A modified differential display strategy was used to identify a gene encoding the MATa pheromone. The gene, designated MFa1, is 42 amino acids in length and contains a conserved farnesylation motif. MFa1 is present in three linked copies that span a 20-kb fragment of MATa-specific DNA and maps to the MAT-containing chromosome. Transformation studies showed that MFa1 induced filament formation only in MAT cells, demonstrating that MFa1 is functionally conserved. Sequence analysis of the predicted Mfa1 and Mf 1 proteins revealed that, in contrast to other fungi such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the C. neoformans pheromone genes are structurally and functionally conserved. However, unlike the MF 1 gene, which is found in MAT strains of both varieties of C. neoformans, MFa1 is specific for the neoformans variety
Interaction of Some Commercial Teas with Some Carbohydrate Metabolizing Enzymes Linked with Type-2 Diabetes: A Dietary Intervention in the Prevention of Type-2 Diabetes

This study is aimed at assessing the inhibitory effect of teas on key enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) linked with type-2 diabetes and their antioxidant properties. Four samples of three brands were used; infusions of green tea (GT), 2 brands of black tea (BT), and a formulated herbal preparation for diabetes (ADT) (white tea, Radix Puerariae, Radix ophiopogonis, hawthorn berry, Chinese yam, and fragrant Solomon seal rhizome) were prepared and subsequently analyzed for their total phenol, ascorbic acid contents, antioxidant properties (2,2-Azizobis (3-Ethylbenzo-Thiazoline~6-sulfonate) “ABTS” scavenging ability and ferric reducing antioxidant property), and inhibition of pancreatic-α-amylase and intestinal-α-glucosidase in vitro. The study revealed that GT had the highest total phenol content, ascorbic acid content, ABTS∗ scavenging ability, and ferric reducing ability. Furthermore, all the teas inhibited Fe2+ and sodium nitroprusside induced lipid peroxidation in pancreas, with GT having the highest inhibitory effect. Conversely, there was no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the inhibitory effects of the teas on α-amylase and α-glucosidase. The antidiabetic property of the teas could be attributed to their inhibitory effect on carbohydrate hydrolyzing enzymes implicated in diabetes and their antioxidant activities.
A new HVDC-DC converter with inherent fault clearing capability

For the upcoming need to transfer bulk power over long onshore distances, HVDC power transmission is the preferred choice. However, components like HVDC-DC converters and a protection concept for DC line faults present challenges, that still have to be solved. As up today, the sections of a segmented DC transmission corridor would still be linked via an AC connection, leading to high transformation losses, and high investment costs. With the newly presented HVDC-DC auto transformer it is possible to directly link two DC lines with different voltage levels. In this paper the ability of this HVDC-DC converter to interrupt DC faults is investigated and compared to the state of the art topology of linking two DC lines via an AC connection.
Inclusive research and inclusive education: why connecting them makes sense for teachers’ and learners’ democratic development of education

Following pushes from the disability movement(s) and increased interest in children and young people becoming involved in research concerning them, inclusive research is growing within and beyond education establishments. Yet this arena is alive with interesting and largely unanswered questions. This paper discusses some of them: What do inclusive research and inclusive education have in common? Where have the moves towards inclusive (participatory and emancipatory) research happened and why? How viable are the claims to the moral superiority of inclusive research? What kinds and quality of knowledge does inclusive research produce? Finally the question is addressed of what all this means for inclusive education, arguing that inclusive research has under-explored potential to reinvigorate inclusive education and provide new connections to democracy and social justice in education.
Spatial Relationship between Twist in Active Region Magnetic Fields and Solar Flares

Twisted magnetic field lines in solar active regions constitute stressed flux systems, the reconnection of which can release the stored (excess) magnetic energy in the form of solar flares. Using co-registered photospheric vector magnetograms and chromospheric Hα images for 29 flares, we explore the spatial relationship between these flares and the magnetic topology of the active regions in which they occur. We find two dominant trends. First, flares are preferentially initiated in subregions that have a high gradient in twist. Second, flare initiation occurs close to chirality inversion lines (which separate regions with twist of opposite handedness). Our results demonstrate that magnetic helicity, as manifested in the twist parameter, plays an important role in magnetic reconnection and solar flaring activity.
Multiple-View Geometry under the L 1-Norm

This paper presents a new framework for solving geometric structure and motion problems based on L∞-norm. Instead of using the common sum-of-squares cost function, that is, the L2-norm, the model-fitting errors are measured using the L∞-norm. Unlike traditional methods based on L2, our framework allows for efficient computation of global estimates. We show that a variety of structure and motion problems, for example, triangulation, camera resectioning and homography estimation can be recast as quasi-convex optimization problems within this framework. These problems can be efficiently solved using Second-Order Cone Programming (SOCP) which is a standard technique in convex optimization. The methods have been implemented in Matlab and the resulting toolbox has been made publicly available. The algorithms have been validated on real data in different settings on problems with small and large dimensions and with excellent performance.
Lying and Deception Lying and Self-deception

Questions about truthfulness occur in many contexts—when parents ask their children if they are using recreational drugs, when an employer ask applicants about the reasons they left their last job, when international leaders consider each others' threats or promises, when voters evaluate candidates' promises, when physicians consider a patient's complaint, when at the start of a romantic encounter claims about the number of prior sexual partners are evaluated, and when juries evaluate witness testimony. In all of these instances many sources of information are used to evaluate whether someone is being truthful. My focus here has solely been on those judgments that are based on a person's demeanor. Before I turn to this, I first explain my definition of lying and how I distinguish lies from secrets, self-deception, and other kinds of deceit. I then discuss some of the difficulties in using that definition, when people believe what is false to be true. Next I consider the different motives that underlie the decision to tell a lie. I then discuss two principal reasons why lies fail and close by reviewing some of our most recent research on how difficult it is to judge whether someone is lying or telling the truth. 1 1 Much of what I cover has been published in the second edition of Telling Lies (Ekman, 1992) or in articles listed in the reference section of this chapter. An exception is new distinctions between concealment lies and secrets I introduce in the first section of this chapter. The intent of the liar is one of the two criteria for distinguishing lies from other kinds of deception. The liar deliberately chooses to mislead the target. Liars may actually tell the truth, but that is not their intent. Truthful people may provide false information—bad advice may come from stockbrokers—but that is not their intent. The liar has choice; the liar could choose not to lie. Presumably, a pathological liar is compelled to lie and, by my definition, therefore is not a liar. The second criterion for distinguishing lies from other deceptions is that the target is not notified about the liar's intention to mislead. A magician is not a liar by this criterion, but Uri Geller is a liar, because Geller claimed his tricks were not magic. An actor is not a liar but an impostor is. Sometimes notification of an intention to mislead is implicit in the framing, …
The Effect of Genetic Variation of the Retinoic Acid Receptor-Related Orphan Receptor C Gene on Fatness in Cattle

Genotypes at the retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor C (RORC) gene were associated with fatness in 1750 cattle. Ten SNPs were genotyped in RORC and the adjacent gene leucine-rich repeat neuronal 6D (LRRN6D) to map the QTL, 7 of which are in a 4.2-kb sequence around the ligand-binding domain of the RORC gene. Of the 29 inferred haplotypes for these SNPs, 2 have a combined frequency of 54.6% while the top 5 haplotypes have a combined frequency of 85.3%. The average D′ value of linkage disequilibrium was 0.92 although the average r2 was a low 0.18. The RORC:g.3290T>G SNP had the strongest association with marbling. The inferred haplotypes were significantly associated with marbling and the difference between the most divergent haplotypes was 0.35 σp of marbling and 0.28 σp of rump fat, explaining the previously reported QTL effect. cDNA for RORC were sequenced and 2 new alternative transcripts were found. Fetal tissue shows 40 times greater transcription of RORC than adult tissue. The highest expression in fetal tissue was found in liver and kidney, but in adults the longissimus muscle had the greatest expression of the tissues tested.
Regulating emotions in two languages: How do emotion regulation strategies relate to physiological reactivity in emotional contexts?

Aims and Objectives/Purpose/Research Questions: Differences in how people regulate their emotions have been shown across cultures. Yet, whether bilinguals regulate emotions differently based on the language they are speaking is unknown, as is whether these regulatory choices relate to their physiology. The aim of this study was to assess whether self-reported use of emotion regulation strategies that promote emotional engagement would be associated with greater sympathetic arousal while describing emotional experiences for bilinguals. Design/Methodology/Approach: 99 Spanish–English bilinguals (M = 20.8 years; SD = 2.11; 73 women) were interviewed about times they felt sad and afraid in both Spanish and English, and described what they did to regulate those emotions. Sympathetic nervous system physiology (pre-ejection period; PEP) was assessed continuously. The within-person experimental design enabled exploration of differences in regulation and physiology that were associated with talking about negative emotions in different languages. Data and Analysis: Emotion regulation strategies that indexed emotional engagement (e.g. cognitive reappraisal) were reliably coded from participant interviews. PEP reactivity was calculated as the change from a resting baseline to each language context. We used hierarchical linear regressions to test our hypotheses. Findings/Conclusions: We found that using fewer engagement strategies was associated with decreased sympathetic arousal, but only for people who were more physiologically aroused when at rest and only when participants were speaking English. Originality: This study is the first to show that bilinguals’ emotion regulatory attempts have different consequences across languages, highlighting how emotional processing is colored by cultural-linguistic lenses. Significance/Implications: These findings align with growing evidence that bilinguals’ physiological reactions to emotional events depend on the language context. Knowledge generated by this investigation contributes to our understanding of cross-cultural differences in people’s physiological arousal and emotional processing by highlighting these patterns among the understudied population of bilingual speakers.
Complications of prolonged nasotracheal intubation in children.

The immediate and late complications of prolonged nasotracheal intubation in eightythree children are reviewed. Twenty-six of the thirty survivors were examined by laryngoscopy to determine the incidence of permanent laryngeal lesions. Seventeen had no lesion. Of the remaining nine, two had severe subglottic stenosis, four slight subglottic stenosis, and three minor degrees of scarring without narrowing. In order to prevent these complications arising, it is recommended that intubation be carried out as gently as possible, using the smallest tube which will permit adequate ventilation, and that the duration of intubation should not exceed seven days.