Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Creative Behaviour Questionnaire : Assessing the Ability of Managers to Produce Creative Ideas

This paper presents the development process of a new scale for assessing creative behaviour in organizational setting. In this scale creative behaviour includes both behavioural and cognitive aspects. To assess the creative behaviour a scale was developed which consists of 17 items before standardization. In this scale subjects have to give responses based on self-perception about their thinking and behavioural creative ability. Sample of 155 managers working in different private sector organizations in India were selected for the standardization of this scale. The reliability index was ascertained by computing Cronbach’s alpha coefficient which is found to be 0.803 for this scale. Based on corrected item-total correlation, 4 items are excluded and 13 remaining items are retained from the original scale. This scale has good reliability index and could be a useful tool for assessing creative behaviour in organizational setting.
The Development of the Self-Regulation of Withholding Negative Emotions Questionnaire

Based on the Self-Determination Theory, a questionnaire was developed to measure individual differences in the Self-Regulation of Withholding Negative Emotions (SRWNE). Measurement reliability and validity concerning the scale were examined in three studies. Results in Study 1 demonstrated the distinctiveness of the SRWNE from emotional regulation measures, suggesting that the SRWNE may be appropriate to measure styles of self-regulation and to clarify the negative affect-health relation. In Study 2, test-retest reliability of scores on the SRWNE subscales was examined as was validity of the SRWNE with respect to coping strategies and health. The SRWNE was related to self-reports of health and may be relevant for predicting how people cope with stress. Study 3 compared a Korean sample with the U.S. sample in Study 2 and suggested construct comparability of the SRWNE across cultures and genders.
Mixed $A_p$-$A_\infty$ estimates with one supremum

We establish several mixed $A_p$-$A_\infty$ bounds for Calder\'on-Zygmund operators that only involve one supremum. We address both cases when the $A_\infty$ part of the constant is measured using the exponential-logarithmic definition and using the Fujii-Wilson definition. In particular, we answer a question of the first author and provide an answer, up to a logarithmic factor, of a conjecture of Hyt\"onen and Lacey. Moreover, we give an example to show that our bounds with the logarithmic factors can be arbitrarily smaller than the previously known bounds (both one supremum and two suprema).
Apolipoprotein E and protection against hepatitis E viral infection in American non‐Hispanic blacks

Hepatitis E viral (HEV) infection imposes a heavy health burden worldwide and is common in the United States. Previous investigations of risks addressed environmental and host behavioral/lifestyle factors, but host genetic factors have not been examined. We assessed strength of associations between antibody to HEV (anti‐HEV) immunoglobulin G seropositivity indicating past or recent HEV infection and human genetic variants among three major racial/ethnic populations in the United States, involving 2434 non‐Hispanic whites, 1919 non‐Hispanic blacks, and 1919 Mexican Americans from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1991‐1994. We studied 497 single‐nucleotide polymorphisms across 190 genes (particularly those associated with lipid metabolism). The genomic control method was used to adjust for potential population stratification. Non‐Hispanic blacks had the lowest seroprevalence of anti‐HEV immunoglobulin G (15.3%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 12.3%‐19.0%) compared with non‐Hispanic whites (22.3%, 95% CI 19.1%‐25.7%) and Mexican Americans (21.8%, 95% CI 19.0%‐25.3%; P < 0.01). Non‐Hispanic blacks were the only population that showed association between anti‐HEV seropositivity and functional ε3 and ε4 alleles of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) gene, encoding the apolipoprotein E protein that mediates lipoprotein metabolism. Seropositivity was significantly lower in participants carrying APOE ε4 (odds ratio = 0.5, 95% CI 0.4‐0.7; P = 0.00004) and ε3 (odds ratio = 0.6, 95% CI 0.4‐0.8; P = 0.001) compared to those carrying APOE ε2. No significant associations were observed between other single‐nucleotide polymorphisms and anti‐HEV seropositivity in non‐Hispanic blacks or between any single‐nucleotide polymorphisms and anti‐HEV seropositivity in non‐Hispanic whites or Mexican Americans. Conclusion: Both APOE ε3 and ε4 are significantly associated with protection against HEV infection in non‐Hispanic blacks; additional studies are needed to understand the basis of protection so that preventive services can be targeted to at‐risk persons. (Hepatology 2015;62:1346–1352)
NAVAL OCEAN SYSTEMS CENTER San Diego , California 92152-5000

Model-scale and full-scale ceramic housings for deep submergence service have been designed, fabricated from 99and 94-percent alumina ceramic, proof-tested to 10,000 psi, and pressure cycled to 9000 psi without catastrophic failure. The ceramic 6and 12-inch diameter cylinders-with t/Do = 0.0344 and L/ Do = 1.5 dimensions were joined together and to ceramic hemispherical bulkheads with t/ Ro = 0.0346 by titanium coupling rings that also serve as radial stiffeners. The payload of the pressure housing varied with the number of cylinders joined by coupling rings. The weight-to-displacement ratio of 0.60 achieved in the NOSC ceramic materials program by a ceramic housing assembly with a 12-inch diameter and 84-inch length is the lowest ratio achieved to date with a ceramic or glass housing for 20,000-foot operational depth with a payload capability in excess of 100 pounds. This ratio can be reduced further to 0.5 for this housing design by substituting 7150-T7E97 aluminum alloy for titanium joint housing components and raising the design stress in ceramic from 150,000 to 175,000 psi.
Sleep Disturbances in Individuals With Phelan‐McDermid Syndrome: Correlation With Caregivers' Sleep Quality and Daytime Functioning

Study Objectives: The aims of this study were to document sleep disturbances in individuals with Phelan‐McDermid syndrome (PMS), to assess whether these individuals had been evaluated for sleep disorders, and to examine relationships between the sleep behavior of these individuals and the sleep behavior and daytime functioning of their caregivers. Methods: Participants were 193 caregivers of individuals with PMS recruited by the Phelan‐McDermid Syndrome Foundation. Data were collected through a survey comprising 2 questionnaires: the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ) and the Parents' Sleep Habits Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using multiple linear regression analyses, Pearson correlation analyses, and independent‐samples t‐tests. Results: Ninety percent of individuals with PMS showed evidence of marked sleep disturbance based on caregiver responses to the CSHQ. However, only 22% of individuals had undergone a formal sleep assessment. Reported increased sleep disturbance in individuals with PMS was a statistically significant predictor of reported increased sleep disturbance and daytime sleepiness in their caregivers. Conclusions: Sleep disturbance may be present in a substantial proportion of individuals with PMS and is negatively associated with caregivers' well‐being. However, most individuals with PMS have not been evaluated for sleep disorders. When properly diagnosed, many sleep disorders can be alleviated with intervention. Thus, routine screening for and evaluation of sleep disturbances in individuals with PMS may have long‐term positive impacts on the well‐being of these individuals and their caregivers.
Proteolytic Cleavage of the Immunodominant Outer Membrane Protein rOmpA in Rickettsia rickettsii

ABSTRACT Rickettsia rickettsii, the causative agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, contains two immunodominant proteins, rOmpA and rOmpB, in the outer membrane. Both rOmpA and rOmpB are conserved throughout spotted fever group rickettsiae as members of a family of autotransporter proteins. Previously, it was demonstrated that rOmpB is proteolytically processed, with the cleavage site residing near the autotransporter domain at the carboxy-terminal end of the protein, cleaving the 168-kDa precursor into apparent 120-kDa and 32-kDa fragments. The 120- and 32-kDa fragments remain noncovalently associated on the surface of the bacterium, with implications that the 32-kDa fragment functions as the membrane anchor domain. Here we present evidence for a similar posttranslational processing of rOmpA. rOmpA is expressed as a predicted 224-kDa precursor yet is observed on SDS-PAGE as a 190-kDa protein. A small rOmpA fragment of ∼32 kDa was discovered during surface proteome analysis and identified as the carboxy-terminal end of the protein. A rabbit polyclonal antibody was generated to the autotransporter region of rOmpA and confirmed a 32-kDa fragment corresponding to the calculated mass of a proteolytically cleaved rOmpA autotransporter region. N-terminal amino acid sequencing revealed a cleavage site on the carboxy-terminal side of Ser-1958 in rOmpA. An avirulent strain of R. rickettsii Iowa deficient in rOmpB processing was also defective in the processing of rOmpA. The similarities of the cleavage sites and the failure of R. rickettsii Iowa to process either rOmpA or rOmpB suggest that a single enzyme may be responsible for both processing events. IMPORTANCE Members of the spotted fever group of rickettsiae, including R. rickettsii, the etiologic agent of Rocky Mountain spotted fever, express at least four autotransporter proteins that are protective antigens or putative virulence determinants. One member of this class of proteins, rOmpB, is proteolytically processed to a passenger domain and an autotransporter domain that remain associated on the rickettsial outer membrane. The protease responsible for this posttranslation processing remains unknown. Here we show that another autotransporter, rOmpA, is similarly processed by R. rickettsii. Similarities in sequence at the cleavage site and predicted secondary protein structure suggest that all four R. rickettsii autotransporters may be processed by the same outer membrane protease.
Trends in hip replacements between 1999 and 2012 in Sweden

National Registers document changes in the circumstance, practice, and outcome of surgery with the passage of time. In the context of total hip replacement (THR), registers can help elucidate the relevant factors that affect the clinical outcome. We evaluated the evolution of factors related to patient, surgical procedure, socio‐economy, and various outcome parameters after merging databases of the Swedish Hip Arthroplasty Register, Statistics Sweden and the National Board of Health and Welfare. Data on 193,253 THRs (164,113 patients) operated between 1999 and 2012 were merged. We studied the evolution of surgical volume, patient demographics, socio‐economic factors, surgical factors, length‐of‐stay, mortality rate, adverse events, re‐operation and revision rates, and Patient Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs). Throughout this time period the majority of patients were operated on with a diagnosis of primary osteoarthritis. Comorbidity indices increased each year observed. The share of all‐cemented implants has dropped from 92% to 68%. More than 88% of the bearings were metal‐on‐polyethylene. Length‐of‐stay decreased by 50%. There was a reduction in 30‐ and 90‐day mortality. Re‐operation and revision rates at 2 years are decreasing. The post‐operative PROMs improved despite the observation of worse pre‐operative pain scores getting over time. The demographics of patients receiving a THR, their comorbidities, and their primary diagnosis are changing. Notwithstanding these changes, outcomes like mortality, re‐operations, revisions, and PROMs have improved. The practice of hip arthroplasty has evolved, even in a country such as Sweden that is considered to be conservative with regard taking on new surgical practices. © 2017 The Authors. Journal of Orthopaedic Research® Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Orthopaedic Research Society. J Orthop Res 36:432–442, 2018.
Blood Pressure Control Provides Less Cardiovascular Protection in Adults With Than Without Apparent Treatment‐Resistant Hypertension

Hypertension control may offer less protection from incident cardiovascular disease (CVDi) in adults with than without apparent treatment‐resistant hypertension (aTRH), ie, blood pressure uncontrolled while taking three or more antihypertensive medications or controlled to <140/<90 mm Hg while taking four or more antihypertensive medications. Electronic health data were matched to health claims for 2006–2012. Patients with CVDi in 2006–2007 or with untreated hypertension were excluded, leaving 118,356 treated hypertensives, including 40,690 with aTRH, and 460,599 observation years. Blood pressure and medication number were determined by all clinic visit means from 2008 to CVDi or end of study. Primary outcome was first CVDi (stroke, coronary heart disease, heart failure) from hospital and emergency department claims. Controlling for age, race, sex, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and statin use, hypertension control afforded less CVDi protection in patients with aTRH (hazard ratio, 0.87; 95% confidence interval, 0.82–0.93) than without aTRH (hazard ratio, 0.69; 95% confidence interval, 0.65–0.74; P<.001). Strategies beyond hypertension control may prevent more CVDi in patients with aTRH.
Neuromyelitis Optica: Deciphering a Complex Immune-Mediated Astrocytopathy.

I n 1894, Eugene Devic (1) and Fernand Gault summarized multiple cases of acute, concurrent optic neuritis (ON) and transverse myelitis (TM), which they termed “neuromyeĺite optique aigue. ̈” Over the ensuing decades, the publication of multiple additional cases of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) documented that this relatively rare condition had both relapsing and monophasic presentations. Central nervous system (CNS) injury was usually dramatic: severe myelitis that was accompanied, preceded, or followed by severe vision loss progressing to complete blindness (2). Some early clinicopathologic studies argued for a distinct nosology, whereas others suggested classification with disseminated sclerosis (multiple sclerosis [MS]) or diffuse sclerosis (Schilder disease). During this time, it is likely that definitive categorization of NMO was hampered by both the overlapping clinical presentations and histopathology of demyelinating disorders. Although evidence for humoral-mediated disease pathology was observed in active NMO lesions (3), it was the identification of an autoantibody against the aquaporin-4 (AQP4) water channel in NMO patients that dramatically changed perspectives on the pathophysiology of disease and the relationship between NMO and other inflammatory CNS disorders (4,5). However, several fundamental questions needed to be addressed. First, are AQP4 autoantibodies (AQP4-IgG) causing pathology or are there additional NMO-specific immune targets? Second, how does an immune response against AQP4, the major astrocytic CNS water channel, result in myelin destruction? Third, why are the optic nerves and spinal cord predisposed to injury while AQP4-expressing tissues such as lung, stomach, kidney, and skeletal muscle spared? And finally, how can we use our understanding of disease mechanisms in NMO to preserve vision and neurologic function? In this review, we will assess progress in the field toward answering these important questions and examine how information from the bench is leading to the generation of novel therapeutic strategies at the bedside.
Clinical Trial of the Anti-PD-L1 Antibody BMS-936559 in HIV-1 Infected Participants on Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy

Background Reversing immune exhaustion with an anti-PD-L1 antibody may improve human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-specific immunity and increase clearance of HIV-1-expressing cells. Methods We conducted a phase I, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalating study of BMS-936559, including HIV-1-infected adults aged >18 to <70 years on suppressive antiretroviral therapy with CD4+ counts >350 cells/μL and detectable plasma HIV-1 RNA by single-copy assay. Data on single infusions of BMS-936559 (0.3 mg/kg) versus placebo are described. The primary outcomes were safety defined as any grade 3 or greater or immune-related adverse event (AE) and the change in HIV-1 Gag-specific CD8+ T cell responses from baseline to day 28 after infusion. Results Eight men enrolled: 6 received 0.3 mg/kg of BMS-936559, and 2 received placebo infusions. There were no BMS-936559-related grade 3 or greater AEs. In 1 participant, asymptomatic hypophysitis (a protocol-defined immune-related AE) was identified 266 days after BMS-936559 infusion; it resolved over time. The mean percentage of HIV-1 Gag-specific CD8+ T cells expressing interferon γ increased from baseline (0.09%) through day 28 (0.20%; P = .14), driven by substantial increases in 2 participants who received BMS-936559. Conclusions In this first evaluation of an immunologic checkpoint inhibitor in healthy HIV-1-infected persons, single low-dose BMS-936559 infusions appeared to enhance HIV-1-specific immunity in a subset of participants. Clinical Trials Registration NCT02028403.
Stepwise mass screening for atrial fibrillation using N‐terminal pro b‐type natriuretic peptide: the STROKESTOP II study design

Aim Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent clinical arrhythmia and a major risk factor for ischaemic stroke. Treatment with oral anticoagulants (OACs) reduces the risk of stroke by two thirds in AF patients with risk factors. Due to its often paroxysmal and asymptomatic presentation, AF is sometimes challenging to diagnose. So far, AF screening studies have applied opportunistic or systematic screening, most often using a single 12‐lead electrocardiogram (ECG) recording or ambulatory ECG. We hypothesise that the biomarker N‐terminal pro b‐type natriuretic peptide (NT‐proBNP) is a valuable adjunct in population based AF screening. Methods We are conducting a randomized population‐based study on AF screening using ambulatory ECG recording where the decision to use prolonged intermittent ECG recording is directed by NT‐proBNP levels, the STROKESTOP II trial. The entire population of inhabitants 75 or 76 years of age (n= 28 712) in the capital region of Sweden will be randomized 1:1 to intervention or control group. In the intervention group NT‐proBNP will be analysed in all without previously known AF. Those with NT‐proBNP>≤>125>pg/L will make a single one lead ECG recording, participants with NTproBNP>≥>125>np/L will be instructed to record ECG for 30>s at least twice daily for 2 weeks with a handheld ambulatory ECG recorder. Participants with newly diagnosed or undertreated AF will be referred to a cardiologist and offered OAC treatment. Primary endpoint is incidence of stroke or systemic embolus, during a 5 year follow‐up period in the control group vs the group invited to screening.
Frailty and Cerebral Small Vessel Disease: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of the Tasmanian Study of Cognition and Gait (TASCOG)

Background Frailty is a prevalent geriatric condition associated with poor health outcomes. The pathogenesis of frailty is incompletely understood. We aimed to evaluate the relationship between cerebral small vessel disease (SVD) and frailty. Methods People aged between 60 and 85 years were randomly selected from the electoral roll into the Tasmanian Study of Cognition and Gait. Participants completed standardized questionnaires regarding medical history and underwent objective sensorimotor, gait, and cognitive testing. These data were used to calculate a frailty index score. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed on all participants to measure SVD. Automated quantification was used to measure white matter hyperintensities (WMH), with manual consensus for subcortical infarction (SI) and cerebral microbleeds (CMB). Multivariable linear regression was used to determine the association between SVD and frailty. Results The mean age of the sample (n = 388) was 72.0 years (SD 7.0), 44% (172/388) were female and the median Frailty Index was 0.20 (interquartile range 0.12, 0.27). WMH, SI, and CMB in unadjusted models were positively associated with higher frailty scores (p < .05). In final models including all brain variables, higher burden of WMH (β = 2.16; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.75, 3.57; p = .003), but not SI (β = 2.96; 95% CI -0.44, 6.35; p = .09) or CMB (β = -0.46; 95% CI -4.88, 3.96; p = .84), was independently associated with a higher frailty score. Conclusions We provide cross-sectional evidence for a positive association between larger burden of WMH and frailty. Longitudinal design is required to determine the temporality of this relationship.
Vertical Protocol Composition (Extended Version)

The security of key exchange and secure channel protocols, such as TLS, has been studied intensively. However, only few works have considered what happens when the established keys are actually used—to run some protocol securely over the established “channel”. We call this a vertical protocol composition, and it is truly commonplace in today’s communication with the diversity of VPNs and secure browser sessions. In fact, it is normal that we have several layers of secure channels: For instance, on top of a VPN-connection, a browser may establish another secure channel (possibly with a different end point). Even using the same protocol several times in such a stack of channels is not unusual: An application may very well establish another TLS channel over an established one. We call this selfcomposition. In fact, there is nothing that tells us that all these compositions are sound, i.e., that the combination cannot introduce attacks that the individual protocols in isolation do not have. In this work, we prove a composability result in the symbolic model that allows for arbitrary vertical composition (including self-composition). It holds for protocols from any suite of channel and application protocols that fulfills a number of sufficient preconditions. These preconditions are satisfied for many practically relevant protocols such as TLS.
An Inverse U-Shaped Curve of Resting-State Networks in Individuals at High Risk of Alzheimer's Disease.

OBJECTIVE Higher functional connectivity (FC) in resting-state networks has been shown in individuals at risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) by many studies. However, the longitudinal trajectories of the FC remain unknown. The present 35-month follow-up study aimed to explore longitudinal changes in higher FC in multiple resting-state networks in subjects with the apolipoprotein E ε4 allele (ApoE4) and/or amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). METHODS Fifty-one subjects with aMCI and 64 cognitively normal (CN) subjects underwent neuropsychological tests and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans twice from April 2011 to June 2015. Subjects were divided into 4 groups according to diagnosis and ApoE4 status. The CN non-ApoE4 group served as a control group, and other groups served as AD risk groups. The cross-sectional and longitudinal patterns of multiple resting-state networks, including default mode network, hippocampus network, executive control network, and salience network, were explored by comparing FC data between groups and between time points, respectively. RESULTS At baseline, compared with the control group, the AD risk groups showed higher FC with 8 regions in multiple networks. At follow-up, 6 of the regions displayed longitudinally decreased FC in AD risk groups. In contrast, the FC with all of these regions was maintained in the control group. Notably, among the 3 risk groups, most of the higher FC at baseline (5 of the 8 regions) and longitudinally decreased FC at follow-up (4 of the 6 regions) were shown in the aMCI ApoE4 group. CONCLUSIONS Higher resting-state FC is followed by a decline in subjects at AD risk, and this inverse U-shaped trajectory is more notable in subjects with higher risk.