Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The RASS–6dFGS catalogue: a sample of X-ray selected AGN from the 6dF Galaxy Survey

We present a catalogue of 3405 X-ray sources from the ROSAT All Sky Survey (RASS) Bright Source Catalogue which fall within the area covered by the 6dF Galaxy Survey (6dFGS). The catalogue is count-rate limited at 0.05 cts s−1 in the X-ray and covers the area of sky with δ 10°. The RASS–6dFGS sample was one of the additional target catalogues of the 6dFGS and as a result we obtained optical spectra for 2224 (65 per cent) RASS sources. Of these, 1715 (77 per cent) have reliable redshifts with a median redshift of z= 0.16 (excluding the Galactic sources). For the optically bright sources (bJ≤ 17.5) in the observed sample, over 90 per cent have reliable redshifts. The catalogue mainly comprises quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) and active galaxies but also includes 238 Galactic sources. Of the sources with reliable redshifts the majority are type 1 active galactic nuclei (AGN, 69 per cent), while 12 per cent are type 2 AGN, 6 per cent absorption-line galaxies and 13 per cent are stars. We also identify a small number of optically faint, very low redshift, compact objects which fall outside the general trend in the bJ−z plane. The RASS–6dFGS catalogue complements a number of Northern hemisphere samples, particularly the ROSAT Bright Source Catalogue–NRAO VLA Sky Survey (RBSC–NVSS) sample (Bauer et al. 2000), and furthermore, in the same region of sky (−40° < δ < 0°) reveals an additional 561 sources that were not identified as part of that sample. We detect 918 sources (27 per cent) of the RASS–6dFGS sample in the radio using either the 1.4 GHz NVSS or the 843 MHz Sydney University Molonglo Sky Survey (SUMSS) catalogues and find that the detection rate changes with redshift. At redshifts larger than 1 virtually all of these sources have radio counterparts and with a median flux density of 1.15 Jy, they are much stronger than the median flux density of 28.6 mJy for the full sample. We attribute this to the fact that the X-ray flux of these objects is being boosted by a jet component, possibly Doppler boosted, that is only present in radio-loud AGN. The RASS–6dFGS sample provides a large set of homogeneous optical spectra ideal for future studies of X-ray emitting AGN.
Analyzing Songs Used for Lyric Analysis With Mental Health Consumers Using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count (LIWC) Software

OF THESIS ANALYZING SONGS USED FOR LYRIC ANALYSIS WITH MENTAL HEALTH CONSUMERS USING LINGUISTIC INQUIRY AND WORD COUNT (LIWC) SOFTWARE Lyric analysis is one of the most commonly used music therapy interventions with the mental health population, yet there is a gap in the research literature regarding song selection. The primary purpose of this study was to determine distinguishing linguistic characteristics of song lyrics most commonly used for lyric analysis with mental health consumers, as measured by LIWC2015 software. A secondary purpose was to provide an updated song list resource for music therapists and music therapy students working with the mental health population. The researcher emailed a survey to 6,757 board-certified music therapists, 316 of whom completed the survey. Respondents contributed 700 different songs that they deemed most effective for lyric analysis with mental health consumers. The researcher used the LIWC2015 software to analyze the 48 songs that were listed by five or more music therapists. Song lyrics contained linguistic indicators of selffocused attention, present-focused attention, poor social relationships, and high cognitive processing. Lyrics were written in an informal, personal, and authentic style. Some lyrics were more emotionally positive, while others were more emotionally negative. While results must be interpreted with caution, it may be helpful to consider linguistic elements when choosing songs for lyric analysis with mental health consumers.
Nitrate leaching to subsurface drains as affected by drain spacing and changes in crop production system.

Subsurface drainage is a beneficial water management practice in poorly drained soils but may also contribute substantial nitrate N loads to surface waters. This paper summarizes results from a 15-yr drainage study in Indiana that includes three drain spacings (5, 10, and 20 m) managed for 10 yr with chisel tillage in monoculture corn (Zea mays L.) and currently managed under a no-till corn-soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ] rotation. In general, drainflow and nitrate N losses per unit area were greater for narrower drain spacings. Drainflow removed between 8 and 26% of annual rainfall, depending on year and drain spacing. Nitrate N concentrations in drainflow did not vary with spacing, but concentrations have significantly decreased from the beginning to the end of the experiment. Flow-weighted mean concentrations decreased from 28 mg L(-1) in the 1986-1988 period to 8 mg L(-1) in the 1997-1999 period. The reduction in concentration was due to both a reduction in fertilizer N rates over the study period and to the addition of a winter cover crop as a "trap crop" after corn in the corn-soybean rotation. Annual nitrate N loads decreased from 38 kg ha(-1) in the 1986-1988 period to 15 kg ha(-1) in the 1997-1999 period. Most of the nitrate N losses occurred during the fallow season, when most of the drainage occurred. Results of this study underscore the necessity of long-term research on different soil types and in different climatic zones, to develop appropriate management strategies for both economic crop production and protection of environmental quality.
Oligonucleotide-assisted cleavage and ligation: a novel directional DNA cloning technology to capture cDNAs. Application in the construction of a human immune antibody phage-display library

The use of oligonucleotide-assisted cleavage and ligation (ONCL), a novel approach to the capture of gene repertoires, in the construction of a phage-display immune antibody library is described. ONCL begins with rapid amplification of cDNA ends to amplify all members equally. A single, specific cut near 5′ and/or 3′ end of each gene fragment (in single stranded form) is facilitated by hybridization with an appropriate oligonucleotide adapter. Directional cloning of targeted DNA is accomplished by ligation of a partially duplex DNA molecule (containing suitable restriction sites) and amplification with primers in constant regions. To demonstrate utility and reliability of ONCL, a human antibody repertoire was cloned from IgG mRNA extracted from human B-lymphocytes engrafted in Trimera mice. These mice were transplanted with peripheral blood lymphocytes from Candida albicans infected individuals and subsequently immunized with C.albicans glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH). DNA sequencing showed that ONCL resulted in efficient capture of gene repertoires. Indeed, full representation of all VH families/segments was observed showing that ONCL did not introduce cloning biases for or against any VH family. We validated the efficiency of ONCL by creating a functional Fab phage-display library with a size of 3.3 × 1010 and by selecting five unique Fabs against GAPDH antigen.
The “three ages” of left‐behind Moroccan wives: Status, decision‐making power, and access to resources

The migration and development literature increasingly interrogates the effects of emigration on sociocultural change in the countries of origin, especially in relation to gender relations. Various studies conducted in the context of patriarchal societies have posited that male emigration may result in an empowerment of the women staying behind, with very mixed conclusions. Analysing in-depth interviews with 12 women living in a southwestern Moroccan town in a region of historic emigration to France, this contribution seeks to further this investigation by considering how migration and remittances impact women's bargaining and decision-making power within the household left behind. It examines how migration affects what is generally regarded as an enabling factor of women's empowerment, that is, the process of household nuclearisation through which migrants' wives can emancipate themselves from the control of their in-laws and gain more control over finances. It shows how women's power and status change over time, following the important stages of the domestic cycle and the migratory trajectory of their husbands. This paper distinguishes three “ages” for wives left behind, corresponding to different power configurations in the local and transnational households. In contrast with the empowerment hypothesis, the interviews suggest that migration may actually contribute to the resilience of the traditional extended household structure rather than its demise. Overall, this contribution argues that migration systems predicated on a patriarchal social and family order are unlikely to bring about sustainable women's empowerment in the origin household and community.
Studying MANET through a Petri Net-Based Model

Several problems related to communication among Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks (MANETs) devices can be faced making use of formal models. Among these, Petri Nets are particularly suitable for modeling dynamic and transitional systems. The tool DEMONE models the behavior of each host in a MANET through a Petri Nets extension, so that it allows the analysis of some interesting computational activities and the study of performance of the modeled MANET.
Convergence of the Dominant Pole Algorithm and Rayleigh Quotient Iteration

The dominant poles of a transfer function are specific eigenvalues of the state space matrix of the corresponding dynamical system. In this paper, two methods for the computation of the dominant poles of a large scale transfer function are studied: two-sided Rayleigh quotient iteration (RQI) and the dominant pole algorithm (DPA). First, a local convergence analysis of DPA will be given, and the local convergence neighborhoods of the dominant poles will be characterized for both methods. Second, theoretical and numerical results will be presented that indicate that for DPA the basins of attraction of the dominant pole are larger than those for two-sided RQI. The price for the better global convergence is only a few additional iterations, due to the asymptotically quadratic rate of convergence of DPA, against the cubic rate of two-sided RQI.
The effects of training in rhythm and pitch on phonological awareness in four- to six-year-old children

Music training is frequently used for enhancing phonological awareness. The disentanglement of the influences of basic music essentials on phonological awareness could contribute to the measurement of their effectiveness. Therefore, this study investigated the separate effects of training in rhythm and pitch on phonological awareness. Preschoolers aged between four and six years (M = 5.5 years; SD = 0.7 years; 25 boys, 15 girls) were randomly assigned to a music training condition and a non-music training condition. Children in the music condition either participated in a rhythm program or in a pitch program, whereas children in the non-music control condition attended a sports program. All groups were trained three times a week for 20 minutes per session over a period of 16 weeks. Phonological awareness was tested before and after the training phase. At the pretest, no significant differences were found between the three groups. After the training phase, only the pitch program showed a positive effect on phonological awareness concerning rhyming, blending, and segmenting. Thus, these findings can be used to rearrange music training programs to contain more pitch elements in order to increase their effectiveness in enhancing phonological awareness.
Global Mesh Denoising with Fairness

We propose a novel global 3D mesh denoising method that is carried out in two steps, i.e. Mollification of normals followed by vertex correction. Both steps involve minimising sparse, quadratic cost functions that yield efficient non-iterative solutions. In the mollification step, we use adaptive weights that allows for appropriate diffusion while preserving features. While many existing methods only correct for the vertex position along the normal direction, we argue that this is inadequate in many scenarios. Instead, we allow for vertex correction in all directions while enforcing a novel face fairness penalty that preserves face shapes in the denoised mesh. We present a number of tests and examples that demonstrate the efficacy of our method in denoising while preserving face fairness. We demonstrate the superiority of our approach over some relevant methods in the literature.
Phenological indices of avian reproduction: cryptic shifts and prediction across large spatial and temporal scales

Climate change-induced shifts in phenology have important demographic consequences, and are frequently used to assess species' sensitivity to climate change. Therefore, developing accurate phenological predictions is an important step in modeling species' responses to climate change. The ability of such phenological models to predict effects at larger spatial and temporal scales has rarely been assessed. It is also not clear whether the most frequently used phenological index, namely the average date of a phenological event across a population, adequately captures phenological shifts in the distribution of events across the season. We use the long-tailed tit Aegithalos caudatus (Fig. 1) as a case study to explore these issues. We use an intensive 17-year local study to model mean breeding date and test the capacity of this local model to predict phenology at larger spatial and temporal scales. We assess whether local models of breeding initiation, termination, and renesting reveal phenological shifts and responses to climate not detected by a standard phenological index, that is, population average lay date. These models take predation timing/intensity into account. The locally-derived model performs well at predicting phenology at the national scale over several decades, at both high and low temperatures. In the local model, a trend toward warmer Aprils is associated with a significant advance in termination dates, probably in response to phenological shifts in food supply. This results in a 33% reduction in breeding season length over 17 years – a substantial loss of reproductive opportunity that is not detected by the index of population average lay date. We show that standard phenological indices can fail to detect patterns indicative of negative climatic effects, potentially biasing assessments of species' vulnerability to climate change. More positively, we demonstrate the potential of detailed local studies for developing broader-scale predictive models of future phenological shifts.
Sustaining Communities of Practice Focused on STEM Reform

ABSTRACT The purpose of this article is to describe the strategies that four undergraduate faculty science, technology, engineering, and mathematics reform communities of practice use to sustain themselves to scale up reforms in higher education. The study was informed by literature on communities of practice and analyzed data gathered through document analysis, interviews, and observations. The resulting sustainability model for these communities emphasizes the following features: (a) leadership development, distribution, and succession planning; (b) a viable financial model; (c) a professionalized staff; (d) feedback and advice mechanisms; (e) research and assessment; and (f) an articulated community strategy. Implications for future community development are discussed.
Understanding Climate Change Perceptions and Attitudes Across Racial/Ethnic Groups

ABSTRACT This research uses national survey data from 727 Anglo individuals and 274 Hispanics and African Americans to examine racial differences in pro-environmental inclinations, after controlling for demographic factors. Findings disconfirm conventional wisdom about racial/ethnic minorities being less concerned about environmental and sustainability issues than Anglos. Results demonstrate that racial/ethnic minorities' concerns either surpass or are commensurate with America's racial majority group. The study also examined the direction and strength of the relationship between the multicultural sample's pro-environmental orientations and 5 factors: (a) knowledge; (b) perceived behavioral control and self-efficacy; (c) subjective norms; (d) ideologies; and (e) risk perceptions through the theoretical lens of Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Findings provide implications for public outreach, message design, and multicultural climate change advocacy.
Fine-grained location extraction from tweets with temporal awareness

Twitter is a popular platform for sharing activities, plans, and opinions. Through tweets, users often reveal their location information and short term visiting plans. In this paper, we are interested in extracting fine-grained locations mentioned in tweets with temporal awareness. More specifically, we like to extract each point-of-interest (POI) mention in a tweet and predict whether the user has visited, is currently at, or will soon visit this POI. Our proposed solution, named PETAR, consists of two main components: a POI inventory and a time-aware POI tagger. The POI inventory is built by exploiting the crowd wisdom of Foursquare community. It contains not only the formal names of POIs but also the informal abbreviations. The POI tagger, based on Conditional Random Field (CRF) model, is designed to simultaneously identify the POIs and resolve their associated temporal awareness. In our experiments, we investigated four types of features (i.e., lexical, grammatical, geographical, and BILOU schema features) for time-aware POI extraction. With the four types of features, PETAR achieves promising extraction accuracy and outperforms all baseline methods.
Inequity , Selfishness , and Social Norms

Models of inequity aversion and fairness have dominated the behavioral economics landscape in the last decade. This study gathers data from 240 subjects exposed to variants of two of the major experimental games—dictator and trust—that are employed to provide important empirical content to these models. With a set of simple laboratory treatments that focus on a manipulation of an important feature of real markets, competition over resources, we show that extant behavioral models are unable to explain data drawn from realistic manipulations of either game. Our empirical results highlight that if placed in an environment wherein socially acceptable actions provide one person with a greater portion of the rents, people will put forth extra effort to secure those rents, to the detriment of the other player. In this manner, when one can earn more than the other player through actions based on norms deemed customary, people reveal a preference for selfishness. The Eitan Berglas School of Economics, Tel Aviv University and CEPR. Rady School of Management, University of California, San Diego. Department of Economics, University of Chicago and NBER.
Gauge-invariant analysis of perturbations in Chaplygin gas unified models of dark matter and dark energy

We exploit the gauge-invariant formalism to analyse the perturbative behaviour of two cosmological models based on the generalized Chaplygin gas describing both dark matter and dark energy in the present universe. In the first model we consider the generalized Chaplygin gas alone, while in the second one we add a baryon component to it. We extend our analysis also into the parameter range α>1, where the generalized Chaplygin gas sound velocity can be larger than that of light. In the first model we find that the matter power spectrum is compatible with the observed one only for α<10−5, which makes the generalized Chaplygin gas practically indistinguishable from ΛCDM. In the second model we study the evolution of inhomogeneities of the baryon component. The theoretical power spectrum is in good agreement with the observed one for almost all values of α. However, the growth of inhomogeneities seems to be particularly favoured either for sufficiently small values of α or for . Thus, it appears that the viability of the generalized Chaplygin gas as a cosmological model is stronger when its sound velocity is superluminal. We show that in this case the generalized Chaplygin gas equation of state can be changed in an unobservable region in such a way that its equivalent k-essence microscopical model has no problems with causality.
Pengaruh Motivasi Kerja dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan

The research aimed to obtain an explanatory findings were tested on the effect of (1) work motivation and work discipline influencing employee performance, (2) work motivation influences work discipline, (3) work motivation influences employee performance, and (4) work discipline on employee performance. The subjects in this study were all employees of Koperasi Serba Usaha Tunas Mertha Mandirii Singaraja and the object of this research were work motivation, work discipline and employee performance. The population in this study were all employees of 39 people. This research includes population research because all employees are used as observation units. Data were collected by questionnaire method, then analyzed by path analysis. The findings of this study show that (1) work motivation and work discipline has a positive effect on employee performance, (2) work motivation has a positive effect on work discipline, (3) work motivation has a positive effect on employee performance, and (4) work discipline has a positive effect on the performance of Koperasi Serba Usaha Tunas Mertha Mandiri Singaraja.
The Phonological Interference of Students’ First Language in Pronouncing English Sounds (A Case Study on Buginese and Makassarese Students)

The study indicates the phonological interferences occurred by the Buginese and Makasserese students in pronouncing English sounds and the factors affect pronunciation interference of Buginese and Makasserese students in pronouncing English sounds. The respondents were eight university students majoring English Department. They are four Buginese students which their L1 is Buginese and four Makassarese students which their L1 is Makassarese. This research was conducted through a case study design. The instruments were oral test by reading three different texts to get the data with audio recording and interview about students’ problems in pronouncing English sounds. The result of data analysis showed that there is 46 kinds manner of articulation that the students made when they produced English sounds; 32 vowels and 14 consonants. The data also showed that the main factor that influences the students while pronouncing English words is interlanguage transfer. The implication of this research can be expected upon teaching and learning process. The students should put more awareness toward the L1 interference in pronouncing English vowels and consonant and drill more the correct pronunciation. The study also suggests that the teachers should give an extra attention to this problem. The teacher expected can help the students to reduce the mispronounced. The study also has some contributions to the language field where teachers/lecturers need to take a special attention of this phenomenon.