Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
THE REACTION OF THE SELECTED TRITICUM AESTIVUM , TRITICUM SPELTA AND TRITICUM DICOCCUM GENOTYPES TO SPIKE INFECTION BY FUSARIUM CULMORUM Reakce vybraných genotyp Triticum aestivum , Triticum spelta a Triticum dicoccum na cílenou infekci by Fusarium culmorum

The artificial inoculation of spikes of the selected genotypes Triticum aestivum, Triticum spelta and Triticum dicoccum caused significant reduction of the main yield components especially kernel weight per spike. Tested genotypes indicated different susceptibility to the infection. The common wheat cultivars of usually had the greater kernels number and kernel weight per spike in comparison with spelt and emmer, however, the variability of one thousand kernel weight was slight. The common wheat Torka showed particularly weak reaction a reduction of one thousand kernel weight after infection was on average 18.88 %. Weisser Grannenspelz showed the highest resistance among the five tested spelt cultivars, while Lohnauer Sommerspeltz characterized by the highest kernel weight per spike.
Fast terminal sliding mode controller design for nonlinear second-order systems with time-varying uncertainties

This article investigates a novel fast terminal sliding mode control approach combined with global sliding surface structure for the robust tracking control of nonlinear second-order systems with time-varying uncertainties. The suggested control technique is formulated based on the Lyapunov stability theory and guarantees the existence of the sliding mode around the sliding surface in a finite time. Using the new form of switching surface, the reaching phase elimination and the robustness improvement of the whole system are satisfied. Simulation results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed technique. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 21: 239-244, 2015
Probabilistic Complex Actions in GOLOG

Uncertainty seems to be inherent in most robotic applications. This is because a robot's sensors and actuators are in general imprecise and prone to error. The logic-based action language GOLOG was introduced for the purpose of high-level robot control, but its usefulness was limited because it did not address uncertainty. bIn this paper we show how this deficiency can be overcome.
Manifestation of Depression and Loneliness on Social Networks: A Case Study of Young Adults on Facebook

As people around the world are spending increasing amounts of time online, the question of how online experiences are linked to health and well-being is essential. This paper presents how activities on Facebook are associated with the depressive states of users. Based on online logs of 212 young adults, we show not only the sheer size of the network but also the frequency and diversity of interactions on social networks have close associations with depression. Depressed individuals reported smaller involved networks regarding comments and likes, the two popular forms of interactions. In contrast to the decreased level of interactions, depressed individuals showed an increase in the wall post rates and were active online during midday, which can be interpreted as an endemic behavior linked to the perceived degree of loneliness among young adults who are avid users of social media. We discuss these findings from theoretical, empirical, and subjective perspectives.
Measuring the Outcome of Biomedical Research: A Systematic Literature Review

Background There is an increasing need to evaluate the production and impact of medical research produced by institutions. Many indicators exist, yet we do not have enough information about their relevance. The objective of this systematic review was (1) to identify all the indicators that could be used to measure the output and outcome of medical research carried out in institutions and (2) enlist their methodology, use, positive and negative points. Methodology We have searched 3 databases (Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science) using the following keywords: [Research outcome* OR research output* OR bibliometric* OR scientometric* OR scientific production] AND [indicator* OR index* OR evaluation OR metrics]. We included articles presenting, discussing or evaluating indicators measuring the scientific production of an institution. The search was conducted by two independent authors using a standardised data extraction form. For each indicator we extracted its definition, calculation, its rationale and its positive and negative points. In order to reduce bias, data extraction and analysis was performed by two independent authors. Findings We included 76 articles. A total of 57 indicators were identified. We have classified those indicators into 6 categories: 9 indicators of research activity, 24 indicators of scientific production and impact, 5 indicators of collaboration, 7 indicators of industrial production, 4 indicators of dissemination, 8 indicators of health service impact. The most widely discussed and described is the h-index with 31 articles discussing it. Discussion The majority of indicators found are bibliometric indicators of scientific production and impact. Several indicators have been developed to improve the h-index. This indicator has also inspired the creation of two indicators to measure industrial production and collaboration. Several articles propose indicators measuring research impact without detailing a methodology for calculating them. Many bibliometric indicators identified have been created but have not been used or further discussed.
Developing Language-tagged Corpora for Code-switching Tweets

Code-switching, where a speaker switches between languages mid-utterance, is frequently used by multilingual populations worldwide. Despite its prevalence, limited effort has been devoted to develop computational approaches or even basic linguistic resources to support research into the processing of such mixedlanguage data. We present a user-centric approach to collecting code-switched utterances from social media posts, and develop language universal guidelines for the annotation of codeswitched data. We also present results for several baseline language identification models on our corpora and demonstrate that language identification in code-switched text is a difficult task that calls for deeper investigation.
Finding myself as a teacher: exploring the shaping of teacher identities through student teachers’ narratives

The aim of the study was to explore the professional identity development among student teachers in a five-year integrated teacher education programme in Estonia. Thirty-eight students in the first through fifth year of the primary school teacher education programme provided written stories about themselves as teachers today. The narratives were analysed both across different study years in the teacher education programme using inductive content analysis, and through in-depth thematic analysis of one case exemplifying the emergence of teacher identity. In the latter, Kelchtermans’ professional identity model was applied. Findings indicate that the practice periods appear to be highly influential for identity development. In the students’ development, phases similar to those identified in prior research emerged, with focus shifting from oneself towards teaching methods and skills and pupils’ learning. Teacher educators can help students recognise these patterns and support the students in reflecting on the strategies they have applied in their learning and development and their ways of coping with challenges, and help them to identify personal working theories developed during the education process. This way the newly qualified teachers entering schools can be supported to become teachers with solid professional identities well-equipped to begin their careers in primary schools.
Neighborhood Connections, Physical Disorder, and Neighborhood Satisfaction in Las Vegas

This study helps to disentangle the mutual effects of neighborhood disorder and social cohesion on how residents evaluate their neighborhoods. We draw upon data from the 2009 Las Vegas Metropolitan Area Social Survey to understand how neighborhood cohesion, physical disorder, and perceptions of crime and safety influence neighborhood satisfaction and neighborhood quality of life among residents in the dynamic, yet understudied, urban context of Las Vegas, Nevada. We use ordinary least squares and binary logistic regression to predict two measures of neighborhood satisfaction. Our results show that even with significant neighborhood disorder, social connectedness with neighbors remains a significant predictor of neighborhood satisfaction. We discuss implications of neighborhood satisfaction research for other fast-changing metropolitan areas.
Age of Joint Venture, Inter-Firm Technology Transfer and Local Firms’Performance

The main objective of this paper is to empirically examine the effects of two distinct degrees of technology transfer: degree of tacit and explicit knowledge on two dimensions of performance: corporate and human resource performances. Using the quantitative analytical approach, the theoretical model and hypotheses in this study were tested based on empirical data gathered from 128 joint venture companies registered with the Registrar of Companies of Malaysia (ROC). Data obtained from the survey questionnaires were analyzed using the correlation coefficients and multiple linear regressions. The results revealed that degree of tacit knowledge, as a distinct dimension of degree of technology transfer, has a significant effect on both corporate and human resource performances; where its effect was much stronger on corporate performance. Similarly, degree of explicit knowledge has shown consistent strong significant effects on both corporate and human resource performance; where its effect on human resource performance was found much stronger than corporate performance. The study has bridged the literature gaps in such that it offers empirical evidence on the effects of two distinct degrees of technology transfer: degrees of tacit and explicit knowledge on two dimensions of performance: corporate and human resource performances in IJVs.
Keep talking: an analysis of participant utterances gathered using two concurrent think-aloud methods

This paper presents the results of a study that compared two think-aloud styles: the classic approach and a relaxed think-aloud on the nature and number of participant utterances produced. Overall, ten categories of utterance were extracted from the verbal data ranging from categories that had a direct impact on usability problem analysis, to those which simply described procedural actions. There were no categories of utterance that were unique to either method. The interactive think-aloud led to the production of more utterances that could be directly used in usability problem analysis. Participants provided explanations, opinions and recommendations during classic think-aloud, even though they were not instructed to do so. This finding suggests that the social context of testing may override the classic instruction to think aloud.
Conflicting Approaches to the Study of Social Capital

In recent years, the concept of social capital (i.e. the presence of networks, trust and reciprocity) has become quite fashionable in social science research. Especially Robert Putnam’s ‘Making Democracy Work’ 2 has provoked an enormous amount of research on this societal resource. It has become customary to make a distinction between network and attitudinal approaches of social capital, focusing on individual network positions and the role of civic attitudes respectively. We argue that these two approaches do not exclude one another: it is just as legitimate to study the larger societal benefits of social capital (Putnam and others) as it is to study the individual benefits of networks positions (Lin and others). The question on how social capital can be generated seems more promising for future research, and here we can distinguish society-based approaches (social capital is generated by day-to-day social interaction) and institutional approaches (political and economic institutions determine social capital levels). The available research demonstrates that day-to-day interaction can have significant effects on democratic attitudes, e.g., by a process of value convergence. There is, however, also considerable evidence to show the effect of institutions, boosting social capital levels by ensuring impartiality and transparency and by promoting income inequality. Both from a political science, as from a social perspective, we urge the scientific community to pay more attention to the question how social capital might be generated by the political system.
Effects of Regulatory Self-Questioning on Secondary-Level Students' Problem-Solving Performance.

A randomized posttest–only control group experimental design was used to determine the effects of regulatory self–questioning on secondary–level career and technical education students’ electrical circuit theory test scores. Students who participated in the self–questioning group were asked to answer a list of regulatory questions as they solved their problems. The difference in test scores between the experimental and control groups was statistically significant (t(62) = 1.96; p = . 027). On average, students who participated in the self–questioning group outperformed students in the control group by 10 percentage points. Cohen’s d indicated a moderate effect size (0.5). In the control group, 53% of students achieved a test score of 80% or better on the Ohm’s Law test, whereas 79% of students in the regulatory self–questioning group scored 80% or better. The use of regulatory self–questioning may positively benefit teachers who teach principles of Ohm’s Law. Educators could assist students in achieving greater problem–solving outcomes by requiring use of regulatory self–questioning. This study should be replicated to determine the effects of regulatory self–questioning with other secondary–level students. Further research should be conducted to investigate the effects of regulatory self–questioning when students are faced with increasingly complex problems.
NoFTL for Real: Databases on Real Native Flash Storage

Flash SSDs are omnipresent as database storage. HDD replacement is seamless since Flash SSDs implement the same legacy hardware and software interfaces to enable backward compatibility. Yet, the price paid is high as backward compatibility masks the native behaviour, incurs significant complexity and decreases I/O performance, making it non-robust and unpredictable. Flash SSDs are black-boxes. Although DBMS have ample mechanisms to control hardware directly and utilize the performance potential of Flash memory, the legacy interfaces and black-box architecture of Flash devices prevent them from doing so. In this paper we demonstrate NoFTL, an approach that enables native Flash access and integrates parts of the Flashmanagement functionality into the DBMS yielding significant performance increase and simplification of the I/O stack. NoFTL is implemented on real hardware based on the OpenSSD research platform. The contributions of this paper include: (i) a description of the NoFTL native Flash storage architecture; (ii) its integration in Shore-MT and (iii) performance evaluation of NoFTL on a real Flash SSD and on an on-line data-driven Flash emulator under TPCB,C,E and H workloads. The performance evaluation results indicate an improvement of at least 2.4x on real hardware over conventional Flash storage; as well as better utilisation of native Flash parallelism.
The complexity of evaluating tuple generating dependencies

Dependencies have played an important role in database design for many years. More recently, they have also turned out to be central to data integration and data exchange. In this work we concentrate on tuple generating dependencies (tgds) which enforce the presence of certain tuples in a database instance if certain other tuples are already present. Previous complexity results in data integration and data exchange mainly referred to the data complexity. In this work, we study the query complexity and combined complexity of a fundamental problem related to tgds, namely checking if a given tgd is satisfied by a database instance. We also address an important variant of this problem which deals with updates (by inserts or deletes) of a database: Here we have to check if all previously satisfied tgds are still satisfied after an update. We show that the query complexity and combined complexity of these problems are much higher than the data complexity. However, we also prove sufficient conditions on the tgds to reduce this high complexity.
Responding to Crimes of Violence Against Women: Gender Differences Versus Organizational Imperatives

Whether the police response to domestic assault differs from how they handle incidents involving strangers continues to be a topic of debate and research. Based on a 1-year sample of cases from a midwestern city, the hypothesis that an inverse relationship characterized the association between level of intimacy and arrest was tested. Notwithstanding relevant elements of probable cause such as the presence of weapons, witnesses, injury, and the offender, the results confirmed the hypothesis.
If brand equity matters, where is the brand strategy? A look at Canadian hockey teams in the NHL

This paper examines the strategies and actions Canadian professional hockey teams implement in order to build and exploit their brand. Data were collected during one-on-one interviews with vice presidents and marketing directors of four teams: the Montreal Canadiens, the Ottawa Senators, the Toronto Maple Leafs (TML) and the Vancouver Canucks. Our results, based on content analysis, show that Canadian teams, while aware of the importance of branding, do not have a formal brand strategy, with the exception of the TML. Consequently, their marketing actions do not contribute in building, leveraging and ensuring coherence of their team's brand. Furthermore, the NHL does not help its teams by centralising teams' branding.
Multivariable Gaussian Evolving Fuzzy Modeling System

This paper introduces a class of evolving fuzzy rule-based system as an approach for multivariable Gaussian adaptive fuzzy modeling. The system is an evolving Takagi-Sugeno (eTS) functional fuzzy model, whose rule base can be continuously updated using a new recursive clustering algorithm based on participatory learning. The fuzzy sets of the rule antecedents are multivariable Gaussian membership functions, which have been adopted to preserve information between input variable interactions. The parameters of the membership functions are estimated by the clustering algorithm. A weighted recursive least-squares algorithm updates the parameters of the rule consequents. Experiments considering time-series forecasting and nonlinear system identification are performed to evaluate the performance of the approach proposed. The multivariable Gaussian evolving fuzzy models are compared with alternative evolving fuzzy models and classic models with fixed structures. The results suggest that multivariable Gaussian evolving fuzzy modeling is a promising approach for adaptive system modeling.
Multidrug Resistance Proteins Do Not Predict Benefit of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Patients with Completely Resected Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: International Adjuvant Lung Cancer Trial Biologic Program

Purpose: The purpose of our study was to determine whether multidrug resistance proteins (MRP) are of prognostic and/or predictive value in patients who were enrolled into the International Adjuvant Lung Cancer Trial (IALT). Experimental Design: Expression of MRP1 and MRP2 was immunohistochemically assessed in tumor specimens obtained from 782 IALT patients. Prognostic and predictive analyses were based on Cox models adjusted for clinical and pathologic variables. Results: MRP1 expression was considered positive in 364 (47%) patients and MRP2 expression in 313 (40%) patients. MRP2-positive patients had a significantly shorter overall survival than MRP2-negative patients in the total patient population [adjusted hazard ratio for death, 1.37; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.09-1.72; P = 0.007]. There was no significant association between MRP1 expression and overall survival. Neither MRP1 nor MRP2 predicted response to adjuvant cisplatin-based chemotherapy. Conclusions: MRP2 expression is an independent prognostic factor in patients with completely resected non–small cell lung cancer but neither MRP1 nor MRP2 was of predictive value in patients enrolled into the IALT.
Pennies-a-Day: The Effect of Temporal Reframing on Transaction Evaluation

To increase transaction compliance, marketers sometimes temporally reframe the cost of a product from an aggregate one-time expense to a series of small ongoing expenses, often in spite of the fact that the physical payments remain aggregated. This temporal reframing is identified in this article as the "pennies-a-day" (PAD) strategy. A two-step consumer decision-making process of (1) comparison retrieval and (2) transaction evaluation is posited to explain effectiveness of this strategy. In a series of laboratory studies, general support for PAD effectiveness across a range of product categories and specific support for the proposed two-step model was found. The PAD framing of a target transaction is shown to systematically foster the retrieval and consideration of small ongoing expenses as the standard of comparison, whereas an aggregate framing of that same transaction is shown to foster the retrieval and consideration of large infrequent expenses. This difference in retrieval is shown to significantly influence subsequent transaction evaluation and compliance. Copyright 1998 by the University of Chicago.
Chen's double sieve, Goldbach's conjecture and the twin prime problem

For every even integerN , denote byD(N) andD1,2(N) the number of representations of N as a sum of two primes and as a sum of a prime and an integer having at most two prime factors, respectively. In this paper, we give a new upper bound for D(N) and a new lower bound for D1,2(N), which improve the corresponding results of Chen. We also obtain similar results for the twin prime problem
Effect of Jigsaw II on Literal and Higher Order EFL Reading Comprehension

The present study examines the effect of the cooperative Jigsaw II method on improving literal and higher order reading comprehension in English as a foreign language (EFL). Forty-eight (n = 48) students of EFL participated in the study and a pretest-posttest control group experimental design was employed. The results indicated no statistically significant differences between the control and experimental group on the dependent variables of overall reading comprehension and literal comprehension. However, the results revealed a statistically significant difference in favor of the experimental group on the variable of higher order comprehension. Pedagogical implications are discussed and recommendations for further research are suggested.
Relações entre bem-estar subjetivo e satisfação conjugal na abordagem da psicologia positiva

Objetivou-se investigar as correlacoes existentes entre os tres fatores do bem-estar subjetivo (BES) - afetos positivos, afetos negativos e satisfacao com a vida - e os tres fatores da satisfacao conjugal (SC) - interacao conjugal, aspectos estruturais e aspectos emocionais. Participaram 106 voluntarios de ambos os sexos, com idade media de 42±11 anos, casados e com tempo medio de uniao de 16,11±11,35 anos. Foram aplicadas as escalas de BES (EBES) e de Satisfacao Conjugal (ESC). Os resultados foram analisados pela tecnica de regressao multipla stepwise. Nao foram encontradas associacoes entre os fatores satisfacao com a vida (fator do BES), aspectos emocionais (fator da SC), aspectos estruturais (SC) e interacao conjugal (SC). O BES e a SC, fatores gerais, tambem nao apresentaram associacoes significativas. Destaca-se o papel dos afetos positivos (fator do BES) na percepcao da satisfacao conjugal (SC), o que e congruente com o enfoque da Psicologia Positiva, que atesta que as pessoas que experimentam emocoes positivas tendem a se engajar em relacionamentos mais satisfatorios.