Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
British South Asian women managers and professionals: experiences of work and family

Even though an increasing number of British South Asian women have moved into paid employment over the years as a reflection of social and cultural mobility and change, their work‐family experiences are not widely reported. This paper examines the experiences of British South Asian full‐time managerial or professional women combining work and family life. A qualitative study based in the north‐west of England was conducted utilising semi‐structured interviews with 17 women. Five themes are discussed: cultural influences on domestic responsibilities; additional responsibilities and commitments to extended family and community members; work‐family priorities and “superwoman syndrome”; stereotypes of roles and responsibilities at work; and experiences of discrimination. Managerial or professional British South Asian women are subjected to the same cultural family commitments and expectations as other non‐professional British South Asian working women. Practical implications of the findings are related to managing diversity approaches and organisational culture change.
Enough is enough! When identification no longer prevents negative corporate associations

Negative publicity has the potential to create negative corporate associations. However, consumers’ identification with a company might moderate the extent of this effect. This article examines the impact of consumer-company identification on reactions to variable levels of negative publicity about a company. Exposing consumers who had strong identification with a company to moderately negative publicity was found to result in less negative corporate associations than for consumers who had relatively weak identification. In contrast, consumers’ levels of identification did not affect reactions to extremely negative information, resulting in equally negative corporate associations for those with strong versus weak consumer-company identification. Thus, strong identification mitigates the effects of moderately negative publicity but does not attenuate the effects of extremely negative publicity. Consumers’ perceptions of and thoughts regarding negative information about a company partially mediated the effect of identification on attitudes and behavioral intentions.
On the design and analysis of competent GAs

We study two recent theoretical models—a population-sizing model and a convergence model—and examine their assumptions to gain insights about the conditions under which GAs work well. We use these insights to formulate several design rules to develop competent GAs for practical problems. We then use these rules to design a GA that solves the map-labeling problem, an NP-hard problem of real-world significance. Finally, we test whether the fact that our GA followed the design rules inspired by the theoretical models results in a scale-up behavior as predicted by these models. Experiments show that this is indeed the case.
Patterns of Asymmetry Do Not Change Over the Course of Idiopathic Parkinsonism

Article abstract-We investigated the asymmetry of focal deficits of bradykinesia in a cross-sectional study of 198 patients with idiopathic parkinsonism. We have analyzed the difference in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores between the more and less affected sides in these patients, whose duration of symptoms ranged from 1 to 15 years. There was no significant change in the asymmetry or focality over this period; the deficit for each side progressed faster initially and then approached the normal age-related linear rate of decline. Previous studies indicate that there is an inverse linear relation between the UPDRS bradykinesia score and the nigral dopaminergic cell count. We infer that the rate of death of nigral dopaminergic neurons is predetermined from the time of onset of pathogenesis. The simplest explanation is that a causal event kills some cells and damages others so that they undergo premature death. This sequence of changes could be implemented through environmental (toxic or viral) damage to the genome. Several diverse sources of evidence support this concept. NEUROLOGY 1995;45: 435-439
Analysis and Performance of a Fixed Filter-Thyristor Controlled Reactor (FF-TCR) Compensator

A fixed Filter-Thyristor Controlled Reactor (FF-TCR) type of compensator is proposed to improve the power factor of a single phase thyristor-controlled inductive load and it is shown that this compensator gives better power factor improvement than the more generally used FC-TCR type of compensator. Analysis is carried out for the exact equivalent circuit of an FF-TCR compensator containing two filter branches tuned to the third and the fifth harmonics respectively. It is shown that with an FF-TCR compensator the power factor improvement is much better when the source impedance is large. However, even with a small source impedance, a reasonable improvement in power factor is realised. It is further shown that even when the source impedance is large the distortion in the terminal voltage waveform is kept within reasonable limits. The analytical results are verified experimentally.
CoTrade: Confident Co-Training With Data Editing

Co-training is one of the major semi-supervised learning paradigms that iteratively trains two classifiers on two different views, and uses the predictions of either classifier on the unlabeled examples to augment the training set of the other. During the co-training process, especially in initial rounds when the classifiers have only mediocre accuracy, it is quite possible that one classifier will receive labels on unlabeled examples erroneously predicted by the other classifier. Therefore, the performance of co-training style algorithms is usually unstable. In this paper, the problem of how to reliably communicate labeling information between different views is addressed by a novel co-training algorithm named COTRADE. In each labeling round, COTRADE carries out the label communication process in two steps. First, confidence of either classifier's predictions on unlabeled examples is explicitly estimated based on specific data editing techniques. Secondly, a number of predicted labels with higher confidence of either classifier are passed to the other one, where certain constraints are imposed to avoid introducing undesirable classification noise. Experiments on several real-world datasets across three domains show that COTRADE can effectively exploit unlabeled data to achieve better generalization performance.
Generalization of dielectric-dependent hybrid functionals to finite systems

The accurate prediction of electronic and optical properties of molecules and solids is a persistent challenge for methods based on density functional theory. We propose a generalization of dielectricdependent hybrid functionals to finite systems where the definition of the mixing fraction of exact and semilocal exchange is physically motivated, nonempirical, and system dependent. The proposed functional yields ionization potentials, and fundamental and optical gaps of many, diverse molecular systems in excellent agreement with experiments, including organic and inorganic molecules and semiconducting nanocrystals. We further demonstrate that this hybrid functional gives the correct alignment between energy levels of the exemplary TTF-TCNQ donor-acceptor system.
Paraoxonase 1 Q192R variant and clopidogrel efficacy: fact or fiction?

Clopidogrel, in combination with aspirin is the standard of care for preventing ischemic cardiovascular events in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients, especially those who undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Despite its widespread use, significant inter-individual variability in clopidogrel response is consistently observed, and recent studies suggest that as much as 70% of this variability can be attributed to genetic factors1, 2.
Paternal‐Infant Attachment Of Experienced and Inexperienced Fathers During Infancy

Seventy-nine experienced fathers (with one or more previous children) and 93 inexperienced (first-time) fathers were studied for differences in paternal-infant attachment atpostpartal hospitalization and at 1, 4, and 8 months following birth. No significant differences were observed between the groups for reported attachment to their infants; scores varied little. Over the 8-month period, from 27% to 47% and from 9% to 22% of the variance in attachment was explained for experienced fathers and inexperienced fathers, respectively. Fetal attachment was a major predictor for attachment for experienced fathers at the first three test periods, explaining 19% of the variance at early postpartal bospitalization, 16% at 1 month, and 9% at 4 months. It was a major predictor for inexperienced fathers the first month only, explaining 13% of the variance at early postpartal hospitalization and 15% at 1 month. Depression was the second most important predictor. For experienced fathers, it explained 8% of attachment at early postpartum and 22% at 8 months; for inexperienced fathers, it explained 7% at 1 month and 9% at 4 months. Environmental factors such as social support and stress bad no effects on fathers' attachment to their infants.
Physiology of F-Pilin Synthesis and Utilization

Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis was used to study the synthesis and turnover of F-pilin in membrane preparations of Escherichia coli K-12 under conditions which have been reported to affect the production of F-pili. Incorporation of [35S]methionine into membrane F-pilin by cells in log phase was barely detectable at 25°C, but increased with temperature. The labeled pilin band was prominent in membranes from 37°C cultures and even more prominent if the growth temperature was raised to 42°C. The appearance of other tra products in the membranes was similarly temperature dependent. In cultures grown in glucose minimal medium at 37°C, the relative amount of membrane pilin and traT product synthesis remained unchanged from early log phase through early stationary phase; provision of glycerol or arabinose as a substitute carbon source had no obvious effect. Turnover of traT product and membrane F-pilin, as assessed in an Flac tra mutant strain which is incapable of elaborating pili, was not rapid. Both traT product and pilin subunits labeled in mid-log phase cells were still apparent in the membranes after growth of the cells to stationary phase. The relative amount of labeled pilin decreased with prolonged incubation in stationary phase, but the relative amount of traT product did not decrease even after the culture was incubated for 24 h. When wild-type Flac piliated cells were used, a similar result was obtained, but in this case, loss of F-pilin from the preparations could be acclerated by blending the cells. Although intermittent blending during culture growth caused a slow depletion of the labeled pilin pool, continuous blending resulted in the rapid disappearance of this pool from our preparations. Loss of other membrane polypeptides was not accelerated by our blending procedure, and blending did not affect the turnover of the pilin pool of the Flac tra mutant. Our data are consistent with a model in which pilin subunits are assembled transiently into pili, conserved by retraction, and made available for subsequent reassembly. Growth in 0.01% sodium dodecyl sulfate did not accelerate loss of pilin from the Flac strain compared with the Flac tra strain, and we suggest that in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulfate at this concentration, F-pili are not elaborated from cell surfaces.
An Age-Structured Model for the Transmission Dynamics of Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is endemic in many parts of the world. One of the characteristics of HBV transmission is the age structure of the host population. In this paper, we propose an age-structured model for the transmission dynamics of HBV. The host population is stratified by age and is divided into six subclasses: susceptible, latently infected, acutely infectious, carrier, recovered, and vaccinated individuals. By determining the basic reproduction number, we study the existence and stability of the disease-free and endemic steady state solutions of the model. Numerical simulations are performed to find optimal strategies for controlling the transmission of HBV.
Wormhole Hamiltonian Monte Carlo

In machine learning and statistics, probabilistic inference involving multimodal distributions is quite difficult. This is especially true in high dimensional problems, where most existing algorithms cannot easily move from one mode to another. To address this issue, we propose a novel Bayesian inference approach based on Markov Chain Monte Carlo. Our method can effectively sample from multimodal distributions, especially when the dimension is high and the modes are isolated. To this end, it exploits and modifies the Riemannian geometric properties of the target distribution to create wormholes connecting modes in order to facilitate moving between them. Further, our proposed method uses the regeneration technique in order to adapt the algorithm by identifying new modes and updating the network of wormholes without affecting the stationary distribution. To find new modes, as opposed to redis-covering those previously identified, we employ a novel mode searching algorithm that explores a residual energy function obtained by subtracting an approximate Gaussian mixture density (based on previously discovered modes) from the target density function.
Factors and Abilities Influencing Achievement in Instrumental Jazz Improvisation

The primary purposes of this study were to identify factors underlying instrumental jazz improvisation achievement and to examine the extent to which knowledge of jazz theory, aural skills, aural imitation, and selected background variables predict achievement in instrumental jazz improvisation. Subjects were 73 undergraduate wind players enrolled in college jazz ensembles at five midwestern universities in the United States. Results indicated that objective measurement of instrumental jazz improvisation is possible on expressive as well as technical dimensions. Factor analysis revealed only one factor, suggesting that instrumental jazz improvisation is a single construct. Stepwise multiple regression revealed self evaluation of improvisation as the single best predictor of achievement in instrumental jazz improvisation with aural imitation ability as the second best predictor.
Annotation: the psychological development and welfare of children of opiate and cocaine users: review and research needs.

Parental dependence on illicit drugs is a growing concern across a number of disciplines. It has implications that are at once medical, political, social, and psychological. In recent years, researchers from the U.S.A. (Austin & Prendergast, 1991; Deren, 1986; Johnson, 1991) and the U.K. (Burns, O'Driscoll, & Wason, 1996) have called for greater attention to be paid to social and psychological, rather than solely physical, effects of parental drug use on children. In Ireland, against the backdrop of an intractable and escalating intravenous opiate problem, the issue of how children are affected by parental drug dependence is emerging as a new social and clinical concern. A recent government report, for example, recognises that children of drug users may be in need of clinical interventions and special care arrangements (Rabitte, 1996). But what form should such services take? Are these children at greater risk than other children from similar socioeconomic backgrounds for experiencing social and psychological problems? Is the nurturing environment provided to children whose parents are dependent on illicit drugs less adequate than that provided to children whose parents do not use drugs? At present research does not provide conclusive answers to these questions. Research that focuses on the effects of postnatal parental drug use on children's social and psychological well-being is strikingly scarce, with the majority of child-oriented research concentrating instead on the effects of prenatal exposure to drugs. The small amount of research that has been conducted on the caregiving environments of children of drug users has produced largely inconclusive findings.The aims of the present paper are to review and analyse existing research on the social environments provided to children of drug users, and on the developmental outcomes for this group. A further aim is to provide pointers to gaps and shortcomings that need to be addressed in future research. The focus is on parental addiction to “hard drugs”, namely opiates (primarily heroin and methadone) and cocaine. Studies dealing exclusively with the impact on children of prenatal exposure to drugs and of parental alcohol use are excluded, as are studies of a primary addiction to amphetamines and other illicit substances, although it is recognised that these are frequently used in addition to opiates and cocaine.
Relationship of Routine Inadequate Sleep Duration and Periodontitis in a Nationally Representative Sample

Purpose. Previous research has indicated the public health impact of inadequate sleep duration on health, potentially through an immune-inflammation mechanism. This mechanism also has a role in periodontitis. The purpose of this study is to determine if there is an association of routine inadequate sleep and periodontitis. Methods. Data from merged National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey years 2009-10 and 2011-12 were the data source for the study. The key outcome was periodontitis (yes, no), and the key variable of interest was usual sleep on weekday or workday nights. Chi square and logistic regression procedures were conducted. The study included 3,740 participants who were of ages 30 years and above. Results. There were 52.7% of participants who had periodontitis. There were 35.7% who usually slept less than 7 hours on weekday or workday nights. In adjusted logistic regression the odds ratio for periodontal disease for participants who slept less than 7 hours on weekday or workday night was 1.00 [95% confidence interval: 0.83, 1.21; p = . 9812]. Conclusions. The relationship of periodontitis and inadequate sleep duration in a nationally representative study of participants who were of ages 30 years and above failed to reach statistical significance in adjusted logistic regression analyses.
Systemic and Nonrenal Adverse Effects Occurring in Renal Transplant Patients Treated with mTOR Inhibitors

The mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors (mTOR-I), sirolimus and everolimus, are immunosuppressive drugs largely used in renal transplantation. The main mechanism of action of these drugs is the inhibition of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a regulatory protein kinase involved in lymphocyte proliferation. Additionally, the inhibition of the crosstalk among mTORC1, mTORC2, and PI3K confers the antineoplastic activities of these drugs. Because of their specific pharmacological characteristics and their relative lack of nephrotoxicity, these inhibitors are valid option to calcineurine inhibitors (CNIs) for maintenance immunosuppression in renal transplant recipients with chronic allograft nephropathy. However, as other immunosuppressive drugs, mTOR-I may induce the development of several adverse effects that need to be early recognized and treated to avoid severe illness in renal transplant patients. In particular, mTOR-I may induce systemic nonnephrological side effects including pulmonary toxicity, hematological disorders, dysmetabolism, lymphedema, stomatitis, cutaneous adverse effects, and fertility/gonadic toxicity. Although most of the adverse effects are dose related, it is extremely important for clinicians to early recognize them in order to reduce dosage or discontinue mTOR-I treatment avoiding the onset and development of severe clinical complications.
Generalisation of fear and avoidance along a semantic continuum

Directly conditioned fear and avoidance readily generalises to dissimilar but conceptually related stimuli. Here, for the first time, we examined the conceptual/semantic generalisation of both fear and avoidance using real words (synonyms). Participants were first exposed to a differential fear conditioning procedure in which one word (e.g., “broth”; CS+) was followed with brief electric shock [unconditioned stimulus (US)] and another was not (e.g., “assist”; CS–). Next, an instrumental conditioning phase taught avoidance in the presence the CS+ but not the CS–. During generalisation testing, synonyms of the CS+ (e.g., “soup”; GCS+) and CS– (e.g., “help”; GCS–) were presented in the absence of shock. Conditioned fear and avoidance, measured via skin conductance responses, behavioural avoidance and US expectancy ratings, generalised to the semantically related, but not to the semantically unrelated, synonyms. Findings have implications for how natural language categories and concepts mediate the expansion of fear and avoidance repertoires in clinical contexts.
Secondhand smoke drift: examining the influence of indoor smoking bans on indoor and outdoor air quality at pubs and bars.

INTRODUCTION This study aimed to examine the influence of indoor smoking bans on indoor and outdoor air quality at pubs and bars and to assess whether secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) drifts from outdoor smoking areas to adjacent indoor areas. METHODS Data were covertly collected from a convenience sample of 19 pubs and bars that had at least 1 indoor area with an adjacent semi-enclosed outdoor eating/drinking area. Using TSI SidePak Personal Aerosol Monitors, concentrations of SHS (PM(2.5)) were measured concurrently in indoor and outdoor areas before and after implementation of the indoor smoking ban. Information was collected about the number of patrons and lit cigarettes and about the enclosure of outdoor areas. RESULTS Indoor PM(2.5) concentrations reduced by 65.5% from pre-ban to post-ban (95% CI 32.6%-82.3%, p = .004). Outdoor exposure to PM(2.5) also reduced from pre-ban to post-ban by 38.8% (95% CI 3.2%-61.3%, p = .037). At post-ban, indoor concentrations of PM(2.5) were positively associated with outdoor concentrations. After adjustment for covariates, a 100% increase in geometric mean (GM) outdoor PM(2.5) was associated with a 36.1% (95% CI 2.4%-80.9%) increase in GM indoor PM(2.5) exposure (p = .035). DISCUSSION Indoor smoking bans are an effective means of improving indoor and outdoor air quality in pubs and bars, although the air quality of smoke-free indoor areas may be compromised by smoking in adjacent outdoor areas. These findings require consideration in efforts to ensure adequate protection of the health of employees and patrons at hospitality venues.
Making Gender Visible

Social workers’ bodies and identities are gendered. This article examines gender relations in social workers’ accounts of their practices using data from a qualitative study that focused on social workers’ responses to homelessness in three Australian cities. Themes in the data relate to essentialist notions of gender; gender functioning as an invisible form of oppression; heterosexual assumptions in client—worker relationships; and the preferability of feminist approaches, particularly when working with women’s homelessness that is a result of domestic violence.