Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Felt emotions, and verbally communicated emotions: the case of pride

Potential discrepancies between felt and verbally communicated emotions elicited by two Pride events ( 'selected for a job among a large group' and 'being congratulated for one's own new partner') were studied by means of a structured questionnaire. Italian male (n=88) and female (n=107) university students attributed felt and communicated emotions to the event protagonist P, choosing from a list of 14 emotions ; the communication occurred with P's partner or friend, or with an acquaintance. Statistical analyses of subjects' attributions confirmed the hypothesis that felt emotions are regulated in verbal communication to others : pride, triumph, self-satisfaction and excitement were de-emphasized in communication ; joy, satisfaction, happiness and surprise were intensified ; other emotions were communicated as felt. Event type, and to a lesser extent sex of subject, significantly influenced the direction and extent of regulation. The results are interpreted as showing that the verbal communication of emotion is influenced by emotion-related social norms and beliefs.
Expression of Interleukin‐22 in Sjögren’s Syndrome: Significant Correlation with Disease Parameters

Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease targeting the exocrine glands resulting in xerostomia/keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Presently, we examined the levels and clinical correlations of IL‐22 in SS. Patients with SS together with normal controls were randomly selected. IL‐22 was detected at significantly higher levels in sera of patients with SS. The levels of IL‐22 present in sera showed statistically significant direct correlations with hyposalivation, anti‐SSB, anti‐SSA/SSB combined, hypergammaglobulinemia and rheumatoid factor. IL‐22 showed a direct correlation with major clinical parameters. The data suggest that IL‐22 plays a critical role in the development of SS, and further study is needed to examine its function in human SS.
Antenna cancellation for simultaneous cognitive radio communication and sensing

Concurrent communication and sensing is a vital cognitive radio (CR) functionality for real-time and accurate monitoring of the radio spectrum that totally depends on the ability of isolating the communication path from the sensing path to a level which ensures that the local transmissions do not overload the sensing unit. Upon discussing the basic challenges that restrain CR from simultaneously sensing the spectrum while transmitting in the same band, the paper presents a novel antenna cancellation approach that promises to empower CRs with concurrent transmission and sensing capabilities. The idea is to equip the CR with redundant transmit antennas to form a spatial filter that selectively cancels the transmit signal in the sensing direction. Such antenna cancellation resulted in an isolation level of 60dB that can be further increased when combined with active power cancellation in the RF or baseband stage.
Writing in the Information Age

IN RECENT years, the ‘Information Age’ has often been compared to the period when printing first developed (cf. Dewar 1998). During both the printing revolution (15th century) and the electronic revolution (later 20th century on), technological developments have been at the forefront of a transformation in the spread and availability of information. The introduction then widespread use of print six centuries ago led to changes not only in society's management of information but also in language itself. Comparably, present-day information technology has made for easy and rapid access to enormous amounts of information, with hotly debated consequences regarding copyright, censorship, and the communication of information.
Prevalence of suicidal behaviour following traumatic brain injury: Longitudinal follow-up data from the NIDRR Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems

Abstract Objective: This study utilized the Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems (TBIMS) National Database to examine the prevalence of depression and suicidal behaviour in a large cohort of patients who sustained moderate-to-severe TBI. Method: Participants presented to a TBIMS acute care hospital within 72 hours of injury and received acute care and comprehensive rehabilitation in a TBIMS designated brain injury inpatient rehabilitation programme. Depression and suicidal ideation were measured with the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Self-reported suicide attempts during the past year were recorded at each follow-up examination, at 1, 2, 3, 10, 15 and 20 years post-injury. Results: Throughout the 20 years of follow-up, rates of depression ranged from 24.8–28.1%, suicidal ideation ranged from 7.0–10.1% and suicide attempts (past year) ranged from 0.8–1.7%. Participants who endorsed depression and/or suicidal behaviour at year 1 demonstrated consistently elevated rates of depression and suicidal behaviour 5 years after TBI. Conclusion: Compared to the general population, individuals with TBI are at greater risk for depression and suicidal behaviour many years after TBI. The significant psychiatric symptoms evidenced by individuals with TBI highlight the need for routine screening and mental health treatment in this population.
Pathophysiological Role of Global Cerebral Ischemia following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: The Current Experimental Evidence

Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is the subtype of stroke with one of the highest mortality rates and the least well-understood pathophysiologies. One of the very early events which may occur after SAH is a significant decrease of cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) caused by the excessive increase of intracranial pressure during the initial bleeding. A severely decreased CPP results in global cerebral ischemia, an event also occurring after cardiac arrest. The aim of the current paper is to review the pathophysiological events occurring in experimental models of SAH and global cerebral ischemia and to evaluate the contribution and the importance of global cerebral ischemia for the pathophysiology of SAH.
Anticipatory Signatures of Voluntary Memory Suppression

Voluntary memory suppression can keep unwanted memories from entering consciousness, inducing later forgetting of the information. In the present study, we searched for the existence of anticipatory processes, mediating such voluntary memory suppression. Using the think/no-think paradigm, subjects received a cue whether to prepare to think of a previously studied cue–target pair or whether to not let a previously studied cue–target pair enter consciousness. Examining event-related potentials, we identified two electrophysiological processes of voluntary memory suppression: (1) an early anticipatory process operating before the memory cue for a to-be-suppressed memory was provided, and (2) a later process operating after memory cue presentation. Both ERP effects were due to a decreased right frontal and left parietal positivity. They were positively related and predicted later forgetting. The results point to the existence of anticipatory processes, mediating voluntary memory suppression.
A V-Band CMOS Direct Injection-Locked Frequency Divider Using Forward Body Bias Technology

This letter presents a V-band direct injection-locked frequency divider (ILFD) using forward body bias technology. The divider is implemented in a 0.13 μm CMOS process. The measurements show that the free-running frequency of the divider is 28.67 GHz, the total locking range is 16.2% at 58 GHz with 3.93 mW from a low supply voltage of 0.7 V, and the measured phase noise of the divider is -123.5 dBc/Hz at 500 KHz offset. The output power of the divider is higher than -9 dBm from 54 to 61 GHz, and a good figure of merit is achieved.
Orbital Decay in LMC X-4

We report on the results of observations of the binary X-ray pulsar LMC X-4 with the Rossi X-Ray Timing Explorer. Our analysis of the Doppler delays of the 13.5 s X-ray pulsations yields the most accurate determination of the LMC X-4 orbital parameters available to date. The epoch of orbital phase zero for the 1.4 day orbit is determined with an uncertainty of ~20 s and is combined with five earlier determinations of the epoch of phase zero to obtain the rate of change in the orbital period: Ṗorb/Porb = (-9.8 ± 0.7) × 10-7 yr-1. This is the first high significance measurement of the rate of change of the orbital period in LMC X-4. We present data on one of three strong X-ray flares as well as energy-dependent pulse profiles for both nonflaring and flaring time intervals. The pulse profiles during the nonflaring time intervals are typically strikingly different from the flare profiles but at other times can be similar. Possible origins of the flaring behavior are discussed. We reconsider the orbital decay of LMC X-4 in the context of tidal evolution. We find that while the orbital decay is most likely driven by tidal interactions, the asynchronism between the orbit and the rotation of the companion star is probably maintained by the evolutionary expansion of the companion star, just as is thought to be the case for Cen X-3 and SMC X-1. For LMC X-4, we find that the evidence favors the companion star being in a late stage of its evolution on the main sequence. The orbital decay timescale of about 1,000,000 yr implies that the Roche lobe will move catastrophically deep into the atmosphere of the companion within a few times 104 yr. This short X-ray lifetime must be similar to the lifetimes of SMC X-1 and Cen X-3 which have decay timescales of 300,000 and 550,000 yr, respectively, and may be typical of all massive X-ray binaries in Roche lobe or near Roche lobe contact.
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Students in the Kumasi Metropolis

The aim was to determine the prevalence of obesity and overweight among students in the Kumasi metropolis. In a descriptive cross-sectional study, 500 students aged 10 to 20 years were examined from two junior high schools selected by multistage sampling technique and three randomly selected senior high schools. Height and weight were measured in all participants and the body mass index (BMI) of each individual was calculated. Body mass index classes were calculated according to the International Obesity Task Force standards. Out of the 500 students, 290 (58.00%) were males and 210 (42.00%) were females. The prevalence of underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obesity was 7.40%, 79.60%, 12.20%, and 0.80%, respectively. Overweight was more prevalent among students than obesity. There is therefore the need to establish effective public health promotion campaigns among students in order to curtail future implications on health.
Intracerebral abscess in children: historical trends at Children's Hospital Boston.

OBJECTIVES A previous study performed at Children's Hospital Boston describing the natural history of intracerebral abscess between 1945 and 1980 demonstrated a decline in mortality after 1970. This current study examines the occurrence of intracerebral abscess at Children's Hospital Boston between 1981 and 2000, inclusive, and compares the results with the previous study. Our objectives were to determine whether there had been a change in the predisposing factors, whether there were changes in the microbiology of intracerebral abscesses, and whether mortality rate had continued to decline. METHODS To ensure that all occurrences of intracerebral abscess treated at Children's Hospital Boston between 1981 and 2000 were identified, we searched 4 separately maintained databases for the keywords "brain" or "abscess" or the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision code 324.x. This search yielded the names of 386 patients. Of these 386 patients, a solitary intracerebral abscess or multiple noncontiguous intracerebral abscesses could be confirmed in 54 patients on the basis of cranial imaging (computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging) or autopsy reports. The complete retrospective review of the medical records of these 54 patients constitutes the basis for this study. RESULTS Congenital heart disease was the most common predisposing factor during both eras. Compared with the previous era, important historical trends identified include a reduction in the number of abscesses that occurred in the settings of sinus or otitic infection (11% during 1981-2000 vs 26% during 1945-1980), an increase in number of intracranial abscesses in infants (18% vs 7%) and in the setting of immunosuppression (16% vs 1%), an increase in the number of children who were treated with antibiotics alone (22% vs 1%), a stable overall mortality rate (24% vs 27%), and the identification of Citrobacter and fungus as causes of intracranial abscess not observed during the previous era of 1945-1980. Citrobacter was observed only during the neonatal period. Fungi were the causative organisms predominantly in the setting of immunosuppression. CONCLUSIONS Intracerebral abscess in children continues to be associated with high rates of neurologic impairment and death. Because earlier detection may reduce morbidity and mortality, intracranial abscess should be considered when evaluating children with new-onset neurologic signs or symptoms, especially in children who have acute immunosuppression and disseminated fungal disease or fungemia.
Autonomous climbing of spiral staircases with humanoids

In this paper, we present an approach to enable a humanoid robot to autonomously climb up spiral staircases. This task is substantially more challenging than climbing straight stairs since careful repositioning is needed. Our system globally estimates the pose of the robot, which is subsequently refined by integrating visual observations. In this way, the robot can accurately determine its relative position with respect to the next step. We use a 3D model of the environment to project edges corresponding to stair contours into monocular camera images. By detecting edges in the images and associating them to projected model edges, the robot is able to accurately locate itself towards the stairs and to climb them. We present experiments carried out with a Nao humanoid equipped with a 2D laser range finder for global localization and a low-cost monocular camera for short-range sensing. As we show in the experiments, the robot reliably climbs up the steps of a spiral staircase.
The Role of Selection, Orientation and Training in Improving the Quality of Public College and University Boards of Trustees in the United States

Trustees play a primary role in ensuring quality and effectiveness in higher education in the United States. Research on selection, training and effectiveness of public higher education governing boards is limited. In this descriptive study, state higher education executive officers and state governors were surveyed to identify trends in the selection and training processes for public higher education trustees. The reported influences on selection of key players, selection criteria, personal attributes and other qualifications are presented. The reported existence and nature of orientation and training programmes are described and governors' perceptions of the successfulness of boards are presented. In conclusion, recommendations about key players, selection criteria, orientation opportunities, training opportunities and future research are made.
Validation of a standardized assessment of postural control in stroke patients: the Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke Patients (PASS).

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Few clinical tools available for assessment of postural abilities are specifically designed for stroke patients. Most have major floor or ceiling effects, and their metrological properties are not always completely known. METHODS The Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke patients (PASS), adapted from the BL Motor Assessment, was elaborated in concordance with 3 main ideas: (1) the ability to maintain a given posture and to ensure equilibrium in changing position both must be assessed; (2) the scale should be applicable for all patients, even those with very poor postural performance; and (3) it should contain items with increasing difficulty. This new scale has been validated in 70 patients tested on the 30th and 90th days after stroke onset. RESULTS Normative data obtained in 30 age-matched healthy subjects are presented. The PASS meets the following requirements: (1) good construct validity: high correlation with concomitant Functional Independence Measure (FIM) scores (r=0.73, P=10(-6)), with lower-limb motricity scores (r=0.78, P<10(-6)), and with an instrumental measure of postural stabilization (r=0.48, P<10(-2)); (2) excellent predictive validity: high correlation between PASS scores on the 30th day and FIM scores on the 90th day (r=0.75, P<10(-6)); (3) high internal consistency (Cronbach alpha-coefficient=0.95); and (4) high interrater and test-retest reliabilities (average kappa=0.88 and 0.72). CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm that the PASS is one of the most valid and reliable clinical assessments of postural control in stroke patients during the first 3 months after stroke.
Pictures and Competing Pictures as Mediators in Paired-Associate Learning

The present study investigated the effect of imagery as a mediator in paired-associate learning. 45 Ss were equally divided into a Picture, Competing-picture and Word-alone group. The inclusion of the Competing-picture group enabled control of imagery in this condition. The hypothesis that Real-picture aroused image would facilitate paired-associate learning over Competing-picture aroused image was supported.
Reproducibility of intraocular pressure peak and fluctuation of the water‐drinking test

The water‐drinking test has been used as a stress test to evaluate the drainage system of the eye. However, in order to be clinically applicable,a test must provide reproducible results with consistent measurements. This study was performed to verify the reproducibility of intraocular pressure peaks and fluctuation detected during the water‐drinking test in patients with ocular hypertension and open‐angle glaucoma.
The kinematics of the large western knot in the halo of the young planetary nebula NGC 6543

A detailed analysis of the dominant ionized knot in the halo of the planetary nebula NGC 6543 is presented. Observations were made at high spectral and spatial resolution of the [O iii]λ5007-A line using the Manchester echelle spectrometer combined with the 2.1-m San Pedro Martir Telescope. A 20-element multislit was stepped across the field to give almost complete spatial coverage of the large western knot and surrounding halo. The spectra reveal, for the first time, gas flows around the kinematically inert knot. The gas flows are found to have velocities comparable to the sound speed as gas is photoevaporated off an ionized surface. No evidence is found of fast wind interaction with the knot, and we find it likely that the fast wind is still contained in a pressure-driven bubble in the core of the nebula. This rules out the possibility of the knot having its origin in instabilities at the interface of the fast and asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stellar winds. We suggest that the knot is embedded in the slowly expanding red giant wind, and that its surfaces are being continually photoionized by the central star.
Clostridium difficile Infection : a Multicenter Typing To Aid Control of Hospital-Acquired Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis Utilizing Rapid Multiple-Locus

Published Ahead of Print 25 July 2012. 10.1128/JCM.00784-12. 2012, 50(10):3244. DOI: J. Clin. Microbiol. Szczepura, Nigel Stallard and Peter M. Hawkey Parsons, Claire Waddington, Savita Gossain, Ala Katherine Hardy, Susan Manzoor, Claire Marriott, Helen Study Clostridium difficile Infection: a Multicenter Typing To Aid Control of Hospital-Acquired Variable-Number Tandem-Repeat Analysis Utilizing Rapid Multiple-Locus
Multi-Method Evaluation of Distress Tolerance Measures and Construct(s): Concurrent Relations to Mood and Anxiety Psychopathology and Quality of Life

Despite the growing theoretical and clinical interest in distress tolerance (DT) and its role(s) in psychopathology vulnerability, we lack knowledge regarding the: (1) nature and degree of associations between putatively related measures of DT, and (2) universal/differential nature of associations between these DT measures and psychopathological syndromes. Accordingly, the purpose of the current multi-method study was thus to investigate the relations between and among various self-report and behavioral DT measures, as well as to examine the measures' differential relations to multiple forms of mood and anxiety psychopathology and quality of life. Participants were 149 adults (61.3% women; Mage = 23.4, SD = 8.8) who completed self-report [Distress Tolerance Scale (DTS; Simons & Gaher, 2005), Discomfort Intolerance Scale (DIS; Schmidt, Richey, & Fitzpatrick, 2006)] and behavioral (mirror-tracing, breath-holding, and CO2-enriched air tolerance tasks) measures of DT, as well as a structured clinical interview and quality of life measure. As hypothesized, the self-report DT measures were significantly related to one another and the behavioral DT measures were significantly related to one another, though the self-report and behavioral DT measures were orthogonal. Furthermore, DTS scores evidenced significant transdiagnostic relations to psychopathology and quality of life; lower levels of perceived tolerance of emotional distress were related to mood and anxiety disorder diagnostic status, greater levels of co/multi-morbidity, and poorer quality of life. In contrast, the behavioral DT measures were not related to any of the clinical outcomes studied. Implications of the present study for conceptualizing the nature of individual differences in DT construct(s), and the role(s) of these individual differences for psychopathology vulnerability, are discussed.
The Mentor Demonstration Model: Writing with Students in the Senior Economics Seminar.

Serious academic interest in emphasizing writing to learn in undergraduate education is relatively new (Gregg and Steinberg 1980; Griffin 1982). In recent years, the Writing Across the Curriculum movement has coincided with a surge in interest in economics pedagogy in general (Hinshaw and Siegfried 1991) and in writing to learn in particular (Crowe and Youga 1986; Siegfried et al. 1991). Evaluation of successful writing experiments in undergraduate economics suggests several provisional conclusions. According to Hansen (1993), writing programs enhance economic literacy when assignments are short and frequent, on narrow topics, for specified audiences, and involve a series of drafts as well as periodic selfand peer evaluations. Writing assignments tend to encourage classroom interaction and individuation and promote student satisfaction (Petr 1990). Effective writing courses tend to be small because they are demanding, and they normally require sacrificing some content (Hansen 1993; Cohen and Spencer 1993). Several authors emphasize the importance of focusing on the process of writing and learning rather than on content. Petr (1990) and Cohen and Spencer (1993) stress the significance of recursive writing in learning not only to sharpen clarity and coherence in specific instances but also to revise the entire struc-