Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Overexpression of CHP2 enhances tumor cell growth, invasion and metastasis in ovarian cancer.

BACKGROUND Calcineurin B homologous protein isoform 2 (CHP2) was identified to be expressed in various malignant cell lines including ovarian cancer, but not in the normal tissue counterpart. The biological function of CHP2 related to cancer progression is still unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS A CHP2-negative human epithelial ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR3 was used for this study. CHP2 was analyzed before and after gene transfection. Cell proliferation, adhesion, motility, and invasion capacities were assessed in parental and transfected OVCAR3/CHP2 cell lines to explore the possible functions of CHP2 in ovarian cancer progression. RESULTS With RT-PCR analysis, CHP2-transfected OVCAR3/CHP2 cancer cells showed high CHP2 gene expression, whereas non-transfected clones did not produce detectable CHP2 mRNA. CHP2-transfected OVCAR3/CHP2 cells showed increased proliferation rates and exhibited increased activities of cell adhesion, migration and invasion. The current study provides the first evidence that overexpression of the CHP2 gene affects the biological behavior of ovarian cancer cell line OVCAR3 and is one of key mechanisms for ovarian carcinoma progression, suggesting that CHP2 may be an attractive target for biological anticancer therapy.
20‐HETE producing enzymes are upregulated in human cancers

20‐Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20‐HETE) is a major cytochrome p450 metabolite reported to induce angiogenic and mitogenic responses both in vitro and in vivo. The aim of this study was to test whether 20‐HETE represents a potential therapeutic target in cancer by demonstrating an altered expression of 20‐HETE producing CYP450 enzymes in human tumor tissues. Real Time PCR using isoform specific primers and western blot analysis were used to detect relative mRNA expression and protein levels of CYP4A/F enzymes in nine different types of human cancers, including breast, colon, lung, kidney, liver, ovary, prostate, thyroid and head and neck cancers. Certain cancer tissues, such as thyroid, breast, colon, head and neck and ovarian cancers demonstrated striking overexpression of CYP4A/4F genes at mRNA level when compared to normal tissues. Furthermore, western blot analysis revealed that CYP4F2 protein level was significantly higher in tissue samples of ovarian cancer (three out of seven patients with ovary cancer tumors showed an increase in CYP4F2 when compared to matched normal adjacent tissue). Altered expression of CYP4A/F enzymes support the role of 20‐HETE in tumor development/progression and indicate the potential of 20‐HETE producing enzymes as therapeutic targets in treatment of cancer.
Being big or growing fast: systematic review of size and growth in infancy and later obesity

Abstract Objectives To assess the association between infant size or growth and subsequent obesity and to determine if any association has been stable over time. Design Systematic review. Data sources Medline, Embase, bibliographies of included studies, contact with first authors of included studies and other experts. Inclusion criteria Studies that assessed the relation between infant size or growth during the first two years of life and subsequent obesity. Main outcome measure Obesity at any age after infancy. Results 24 studies met the inclusion criteria (22 cohort and two case-control studies). Of these, 18 assessed the relation between infant size and subsequent obesity, most showing that infants who were defined as “obese” or who were at the highest end of the distribution for weight or body mass index were at increased risk of obesity. Compared with non-obese infants, in those who had been obese odds ratios or relative risks for subsequent obesity ranged from 1.35 to 9.38. Ten studies assessed the relation of infant growth with subsequent obesity and most showed that infants who grew more rapidly were at increased risk of obesity. Compared with other infants, in infants with rapid growth odds ratios and relative risks of later obesity ranged from 1.17 to 5.70. Associations were consistent for obesity at different ages and for people born over a period from 1927 to 1994. Conclusions Infants who are at the highest end of the distribution for weight or body mass index or who grow rapidly during infancy are at increased risk of subsequent obesity.
Acute Toxicity Among Greenhouse Farmers in Gaza Strip

Greenhouse technology intensively increased in Gaza Strip and used large amounts of insecticides and fungicides for pest control. This created toxicity symptoms among farmers. This study characterized the acute toxicity of applied pesticides among farmers working in greenhouses. The study based on data collection from 57 greenhouse farmers, blood collection for acetylcholine esterase determination, and health records investigation of the acute cases. It appeared that about 139 farmers were working in greenhouses for tomato and cucumber production and spraying pesticides several times during the week. Results documented nine insecticides and five fungicides applied for insect and fungal control. Farmers revealed that they did not comply with pesticide safety measures during work. The following cholinergic symptoms such as convulsions,tremors. dizziness, headache, nozai, and diarrhea were associated with severe reduction on ACHE activity. Serum blood analysis indicated sever inhibition of acetylcholine esterase activities (ACHE) and elevated levels of ALT, AST and uric acid. Clinical investigation showed pin point pupil's, sweaty and Sali vation associated with sever ACHE inhibition. Treatments showed that gastric lavage, good ventilation and atropine application provide good management with some cases. It is recommended to comply with pesticides safely measures of pesticide application in greenhouse to avoid intoxication.
Suppression of the UV-sensitive phenotype of Escherichia coli recF mutants by recA(Srf) and recA(Tif) mutations requires recJ+

Mutations in recA, such as recA801(Srf) (suppressor of RecF) or recA441(Tif) (temperature-induced filamentation) partially suppress the deficiency in postreplication repair of UV damage conferred by recF mutations. We observed that spontaneous recA(Srf) mutants accumulated in cultures of recB recC sbcB sulA::Mu dX(Ap lac) lexA51 recF cells because they grew faster than the parental strain. We show that in a uvrA recB+ recC+ genetic background there are two prerequisites for the suppression by recA(Srf) of the UV-sensitive phenotype of recF mutants. (i) The recA(Srf) protein must be provided in increased amounts either by SOS derepression or by a recA operator-constitutive mutation in a lexA(Ind) (no induction of SOS functions) genetic background. (ii) The gene recJ, which has been shown previously to be involved in the recF pathway of recombination and repair, must be functional. The level of expression of recJ in a lexA(Ind) strain suffices for full suppression. Suppression by recA441 at 30 degrees C also depends on recJ+. The hampered induction by UV of the SOS gene uvrA seen in a recF mutant was improved by a recA(Srf) mutation. This improvement did not require recJ+. We suggest that recA(Srf) and recA(Tif) mutant proteins can operate in postreplication repair independent of recF by using the recJ+ function.
Integrating physical examination and trunk anatomy; a new course for second year medical students

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of an integrated course of physical examination and trunk anatomy on second year medical students' attitude and knowledge of anatomy. Thirty nine second year medical students attended a physical examination course (5 small group sessions) related to topics in trunk anatomy (2004/05). Students in control group attended routine anatomy lectures and problem based learning discussions relevant to their physiology course. Routine final anatomy exam (65 multiple choices questions) was performed. Attitude toward course impacts in intervention group were assessed by a likert questionnaire (18 items). A T-test was performed to compare anatomy scores. The Intervention group had higher score exam anatomy (46.6 ± 6.3) than others (41.4 ± 6.0, p = 0.04). The mean score of attitude questionnaire was 3.48 (SD = 0.8). In conclusion teaching physical examinations integrated with trunk anatomy improves students’ knowledge and motivated them in learning anatomy.
Decoding a neural circuit controlling global animal state in C. elegans

Brains organize behavior and physiology to optimize the response to threats or opportunities. We dissect how 21% O2, an indicator of surface exposure, reprograms C. elegans' global state, inducing sustained locomotory arousal and altering expression of neuropeptides, metabolic enzymes, and other non-neural genes. The URX O2-sensing neurons drive arousal at 21% O2 by tonically activating the RMG interneurons. Stimulating RMG is sufficient to switch behavioral state. Ablating the ASH, ADL, or ASK sensory neurons connected to RMG by gap junctions does not disrupt arousal. However, disrupting cation currents in these neurons curtails RMG neurosecretion and arousal. RMG signals high O2 by peptidergic secretion. Neuropeptide reporters reveal neural circuit state, as neurosecretion stimulates neuropeptide expression. Neural imaging in unrestrained animals shows that URX and RMG encode O2 concentration rather than behavior, while the activity of downstream interneurons such as AVB and AIY reflect both O2 levels and the behavior being executed. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.04241. 001
Temporal Relationship Between Insulin Sensitivity and the Pubertal Decline in Physical Activity in Peripubertal Hispanic and African American Females

OBJECTIVE Little attention has been paid to possible intrinsic biological mechanisms for the decline in physical activity that occurs during puberty. This longitudinal observational study examined the association between baseline insulin sensitivity (SI) and declines in physical activity and increases in sedentary behavior in peripubertal minority females over a year. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Participants were Hispanic and African American girls (n = 55; 76% Hispanic; mean age 9.4 years; 36% obese). SI and other insulin indices were measured at baseline using the frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test. Physical activity was measured on a quarterly basis by accelerometry and self-report. RESULTS Physical activity declined by 25% and time spent in sedentary behaviors increased by ∼13% over 1 year. Lower baseline SI predicted the decline in physical activity measured by accelerometry, whereas higher baseline acute insulin response to glucose predicted the decline in physical activity measured by self-report. Time spent in sedentary behavior increased by ~13% over 1 year, and this was predicted by lower baseline SI. All models controlled for adiposity, age, pubertal stage, and ethnicity. CONCLUSIONS When evaluated using a longitudinal design with strong outcome measures, this study suggests that lower baseline SI predicts a greater decline in physical activity in peripubertal minority females.
Securing wireless data: system architecture challenges

Security is critical to a wide range of current and future wireless data applications and services. This paper highlights the challenges posed by the need for security during system architecture design for wireless handsets, and provides an overview of emerging techniques to address them. We focus on the computational requirements for securing wireless data transactions, revealing a gap between these requirements and the trends in processing capabilities of embedded processors used in wireless handsets. We also demonstrate that the use of security protocols causes significant degradation in battery life, a problem that will worsen due to the slow growth in battery capacities. These trends point to a wireless security processing gap that, unless addressed, will impede the deployment of secure high-speed wireless data and multi-media applications. We discuss approaches that are currently being pursued to bridge this gap, including low-complexity cryptographic algorithms, security enhancements to embedded processors, and advanced system architectures for wireless handsets that are enabled by new system level design methodologies.
Effect of Seasonality and Ecological Factors on the Prevalence of the Four Malaria Parasite Species in Northern Mali

Background. We performed 2 cross-sectional studies in Ménaka in the Northeastern Mali across 9 sites in different ecological settings: 4 sites have permanent ponds, 4 without ponds, and one (City of Ménaka) has a semipermanent pond. We enrolled 1328 subjects in May 2004 (hot dry season) and 1422 in February 2005 (cold dry season) after the rainy season. Objective. To examine the seasonality of malaria parasite prevalence in this dry northern part of Mali at the edge of the Sahara desert. Results. Slide prevalence was lower in hot dry than cold dry season (4.94 versus 6.85%, P = 0.025). Gametocyte rate increased to 0.91% in February. Four species were identified. Plasmodium falciparum was most prevalent (74.13 and 63.72%). P. malariae increased from 9.38% to 22.54% in February. In contrast, prevalence of P. vivax was higher (10.31%) without seasonal variation. Smear positivity was associated with splenomegaly (P = 0.007). Malaria remained stable in the villages with ponds (P = 0.221); in contrast, prevalence varied between the 2 seasons in the villages without ponds (P = 0.004). Conclusion. Malaria was mesoendemic; 4 species circulates with a seasonal fluctuation for Plasmodium falciparum.
Internal power modelling and minimization in CMOS inverters

We present in this paper an alternative for the internal (short-circuit and overshoot) power dissipation estimation of CMOS structures. Using a first order macro-modelling, we consider submicronic additional effects such as: input slow dependency of short-circuit currents and input-to-output coupling. Considering an equivalent capacitance concept we directly compare the different power components. Validations are presented by comparing simulated values (HSPICE level 6, foundry model 0.7 /spl mu/m) to calculated ones. Application to buffer design enlightens the importance of the internal power component and clearly shows that common sizing alternatives for power and delay minimization can be considered.
Epitopes functional in neutralization of varicella-zoster virus

By competition neutralization assay using monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to varicella-zoster virus (VZV) glycoproteins (gps), we attempted to determine the topographical relationship of epitopes which are functional in VZV neutralization. MAbs against gpI interfered moderately to strongly with neutralization of MAbs against gpIII, and one antigenic domain with two distinct epitopes was identified on gpIII. Competition neutralization assays performed with MAbs to gpI revealed at least three distinct antigenic domains: the first contained two complement-dependent neutralizing epitopes; the second contained five complement-dependent neutralizing, overlapping epitopes and one nonneutralizing, nonoverlapping epitope; and the third contained one complement-enhanced neutralizing epitope. Competition neutralization assays performed with MAbs to gpIV showed one antigenic domain with two distinct epitopes which competed with nonneutralizing gpI MAbs. gpII did not interfere with neutralization of gpI, gpIII, or gpIV. Our data suggest that neutralizing and nonneutralizing MAbs can interfere with the action of viral neutralization either by inhibition or by enhancement. This report describes the epitope mapping of VZV gps by a functional biological assay.
Education Modifies Genetic and Environmental Influences on BMI

Obesity is more common among the less educated, suggesting education-related environmental triggers. Such triggers may act differently dependent on genetic and environmental predisposition to obesity. In a Danish Twin Registry survey, 21,522 twins of same-sex pairs provided zygosity, height, weight, and education data. Body mass index (BMI = kg weight/ m height2) was used to measure degree of obesity. We used quantitative genetic modeling to examine how genetic and shared and nonshared environmental variance in BMI differed by level of education and to estimate how genetic and shared and nonshared environmental correlations between education and BMI differed by level of education, analyzing women and men separately. Correlations between education and BMI were −. 13 in women, −. 15 in men. High BMI's were less frequent among well-educated participants, generating less variance. In women, this was due to restriction of all forms of variance, overall by a factor of about 2. In men, genetic variance did not vary with education, but results for shared and nonshared environmental variance were similar to those for women. The contributions of the shared environment to the correlations between education and BMI were substantial among the well-educated, suggesting importance of familial environmental influences common to high education and lower BMI. Family influence was particularly important in linking high education and lower levels of obesity.
Universal algorithms for store-and-forward and wormhole routing

In this paper we present routing algorithms that are tmiversal in the sense that they route messages along arbitrary (simple) paths in arbitrary networks. The algorithms are analyzed in terms of the number of messages being routed, the maximum number of messages that must cross any edge in the network (edge congestion), the maximum number of edges that a message must cross (dilation), the bufler size, and the bandwidth of the links. We present two main results, both of which have applications to ttnivexsal storeand-forwwd routing and universal wormhole routing. Our results yield significant performance improvements over all previously known universal routing algorithms for a wide range of parameters, and they even improve many time bounds for standard networks. In addition, we present adaptations of our main results for routing along shortest paths in arbitrary networks, and for routing in leveled networks, node-symmetric networks, edge-symmetric networks, expanders, butterflies, and meshes.
Leucine-specific domain modulates the aminoacylation and proofreading functional cycle of bacterial leucyl-tRNA synthetase

The leucine-specific domain (LSD) is a compact well-ordered module that participates in positioning of the conserved KMSKS catalytic loop in most leucyl-tRNA synthetases (LeuRSs). However, the LeuRS from Mycoplasma mobile (MmLeuRS) has a tetrapeptide GKDG instead of the LSD. Here, we show that the tetrapeptide GKDG can confer tRNA charging and post-transfer editing activity when transplanted into an inactive Escherichia coli LeuRS (EcLeuRS) that has had its LSD deleted. Reciprocally, the LSD, together with the CP1-editing domain of EcLeuRS, can cooperate when inserted into the scaffold of the minimal MmLeuRS, and this generates an enzyme nearly as active as EcLeuRS. Further, we show that LSD participates in tRNALeu recognition and favours the binding of tRNAs harbouring a large loop in the variable arm. Additional analysis established that the Lys598 in the LSD is the critical residue for tRNA binding. Conversion of Lys598 to Ala simultaneously reduces the tRNA-binding strength and aminoacylation and editing capacities, indicating that these factors are subtly connected and controlled at the level of the LSD. The present work provides a novel framework of co-evolution between LeuRS and its cognate tRNA through LSD.
Physical characteristics and chemical composition of Lesser Rhea (Pterocnemia pennata) eggs from farmed populations

1. Eggs from 4 farmed populations of Lesser Rhea (Pterocnemia pennata) were studied to determine their physical and chemical characteristics. 2. None of the physical variables (weight of whole egg, yolk, albumen and shell; proportion of yolk based on egg content; proportion of shell based on entire egg weight; volume; density) showed significant differences between populations. 3. Among chemical variables, moisture, both saturated fatty acids (palmitic 16 : 0 and stearic 18 : 0), one monounsaturated fatty acid (palmitoleic 16:1), and one polyunsaturated fatty acid (arachidonic 20 : 4), did not differ between populations, whereas other variables (protein, lipid and ash contents; fatty acids: oleic 18 : 1, linoleic 18 : 2, linolenic 18 : 3; PUFA; PUFA/SFA; cholesterol) differed significantly.
Role of vasodilator mediators in endothelial dysfunction

s of Congress Presentations Related to the Subjects of the Thesis 1. Csanyi G. , Mezei Zs. , Flesch T. , Telegdy Gy. , Szabo Gy. , Lepran I. Vascular dysfunction in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (Vaszkuláris diszfunkció lehetséges mechanizmusa cukorbeteg patkányokban). A Magyar Élettani Társaság LXX. Vándorgyűlése, 7-9 June 2006, Szeged, Hungary. 2. Csanyi G. , Franczyk M. , Jawien J., Gajda M. , Pisulewski P., Chlopicki S. Progression of endothelial dysfunction in APOE/LDLR – double knockout mice; relationship with the development of atherosclerosis. International Society for Heart Research, 26 European Section Meeting, 14-17 June 2006, Manchester, United Kingdom. 3. Lomnicka M. , Bartuś M. , Csanyi G. , Bauer M. , Dietl W. , Poddeser BK. , Chlopicki S. Effects of diabetes, hypertriglyceridaemia and coronary ligation on endothelial function in mesenteric small arteries as compared to aorta. FranceNew EU members 7 meeting, New Frontiers in Basic Cardiovascular Research, 5-8 October 2006, Debrecen, Hungary. 4. Csanyi G. , Franczyk M. , Drelicharz L. , Jawien J., Gajda M. , Wojnar L. , Pisulewski P., Chlopicki S. NO and EDHF in primary and secondary type of endothelial dysfunction. France-New EU members 7 meeting, New Frontiers in Basic Cardiovascular Research, 5-8 October 2006, Debrecen, Hungary. 5. Csanyi G. , Bauer M. , Dietl W. , Drelicharz L. , Skorka T. , Lomnicka M. , Stepuro T. , Podesser BK. , Chlopicki S. NO, PGI2 and EDHF in endothelial function in animal models of ischemic and non-ischemic heart failure. The Physiological Society; International Workshop on Endothelium: The Determinant of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, 9-12 May 2007, Krakow, Poland. 6. Mezei Zs. , Csanyi G. , Flesch T. , Telegdy Gy. , Szabo Gy. , Lepran I. The role of vasoactive mediators in the endothelial dysfunction (Vazoaktív mediatorok szerepe a diabétesz mellituszt kísérő endoteliális diszfunkcióban). A Magyar Élettani Társaság LXXI. Vándorgyűlése, 6-8 June 2007, Pécs, Hungary.
Pressure Distribution under Symptom-Free Feet during Barefoot Standing

The plantar pressure distributions for a large heterogeneous sample of feet (N = 107) were collected during barefoot standing using a capacitance mat. From these data, the function of the foot during standing was characterized. Peak pressures under the heel (139 kPa) were, on average, 2.6 times greater than forefoot pressures (53 kPa). Forefoot peak pressures were usually located under the second or third metatarsal heads. No significant relationship was found between body weight and the magnitude of peak pressure. The concepts of a transverse arch at the level of the metatarsal heads and a “tripod” theory of load distribution were not substantiated by this study. Load distribution analysis showed that the heel carried 60%, the midfoot 8%, and the forefoot 28% of the weightbearing load. The toes were only minimally involved in the weightbearing process. Examples of unusual distributions are shown; finally, a checklist is provided to aid the clinician in evaluating plantar pressure findings.