Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expression of CAF-Related Proteins Is Associated with Histologic Grade of Breast Phyllodes Tumor

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of cancer-associated fibroblast- (CAF-) related proteins and the implications in breast phyllodes tumor (PT). Methods. Tissue microarrays of 194 PT cases (151 benign PT, 27 borderline PT, and 16 malignant PT) were constructed. We performed immunohistochemical staining for CAF-related proteins (podoplanin, prolyl 4-hydroxylase, FAPα, S100A4, PDGFR α/β, and NG2) and analyzed the results according to clinicopathologic parameters. Results. Expression of PDGFRα and PDGFRβ in the stromal component increased with increasing histologic grade of PT (p = 0.003 and p = 0.034, resp.). Among clinicopathologic parameters, only expression of FAPα in stroma was associated with distant metastasis (p = 0.002). In univariate analysis, stromal expression of PDGFRα was associated with shorter overall survival (p = 0.002). In Cox multivariate analysis, stromal overgrowth and PDGFRα stromal positivity were associated with shorter overall survival (p = 0.006 and p = 0.050, resp.). Furthermore, expression of PDGFRβ in stroma was associated with shorter overall survival in patients with malignant PT (p = 0.041). Conclusion. Stromal expression of PDGFRα and PDGFRβ increased with increasing histologic grade of PT. In addition, PDGFR stromal positivity was associated with shorter overall survival. These results suggest that CAFs are associated with breast PT progression.
Ventilator-associated pneumonia in a tertiary care hospital in India: role of multi-drug resistant pathogens.

BACKGROUND Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) is the most frequent intensive-care-unit (ICU)-acquired infection. The aetiology of VAP varies with different patient populations and types of ICUs. METHODOLOGY A prospective study was performed over a period of 15 months in a tertiary care hospital to determine the various aetiological agents causing VAP and the prevalence of multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens. Combination disk method, Modified Hodge test, EDTA disk synergy (EDS) test and AmpC disk test were performed for the detection of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), carbapenemases, metallo-beta-lactamases (MBL) and AmpC beta-lactamases respectively. RESULTS Enterobacteriaceae, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Candida spp. were more common in early-onset VAP, while non-fermenters (Pseudomonas spp. and Acinetobacter spp.) were significantly associated with late-onset VAP (P value 0.0267, Chi-square value 4.91). Thirty-seven (78.7%) of the 47 VAP pathogens were multidrug resistant. ESBL was produced by 50% and 67% of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae respectively. MBL was produced by 20% of P. aeruginosa. AmpC beta-lactamases were produced by 33.3% and 60.7% of the Enterobacteriaceae and non-fermenters respectively. Of the S. aureus isolates, 43% were methicillin resistant. Prior antibiotic therapy and hospitalization of five days or more were independent risk factors for VAP by MDR pathogens. CONCLUSIONS VAP is increasingly associated with MDR pathogens. Production of ESBL, AmpC beta-lactamases and metallo beta-lactamases were responsible for the multi-drug resistance of these pathogens. Increasing prevalence of MDR pathogens in patients with late-onset VAP indicate that appropriate broad-spectrum antibiotics should be used to treat them.
Gendered Intergenerational Transmission of Work Values? A Country Comparison

In this study, we examine two research questions: Are the work values of young people determined by the work values of their parents? Is the transmission of work values conditioned by the young adults’ gender? We use original survey data for respondents aged 18–35 and their parents in Denmark, Germany, Turkey, and the UK to explore these questions. Our findings reveal a robust pattern: in all four countries and for all four types of work values we measure, young adults’ work values are strongly influenced by their parents’ work values. We also find a gender effect among German respondents: work plays a more central role in the lives of young men than in the lives of young women. Gender helps to explain attitudes toward female labor force participation in all of the countries we studied, and we find no evidence that gender conditions the effect of the intergenerational transmission of work values except for in the UK, where gender does condition the effect of family attitudes on young peoples’ extrinsic work values and their views on work centrality.
ON THE USAGE OF TYPICALITY IN TWO DIFFERENT CONCEPTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv ABSTRACT ON THE USAGE OF TYPICALITY IN TWO DIFFERENT CONCEPTS Usage of typicality in two different concepts is investigated. In the first concept, a new approach on cryptanalysis is proposed where the goal is to explore the fundamental limits of a specific class of attacks against a particular cryptosystem. As a first step, the approach is applied on ABSG, which is an LFSR-based stream cipher where irregular decimation techniques are utilized. Consequently, under a set of mild assumptions , which are common in cryptanalysis, the tight lower bound on the algorithmic complexity of successful exhaustive search type Query-Based Key-Recovery attacks are derived where the proofs rely on the concept of typicality for single random variable. In the second concept, we define a new problem, which we called " codebook mismatch problem " , which is a generalization of traditional point-to-point to communication. Under independent identically distributed encoder codewords assumption, we prove that the operational capacity of the system is equal to the information capacity of the system, defined as max p(x) I(U ; Y).
High resolution spectroscopy of bright subdwarf B stars - I. Radial velocity variables

Radial velocity curves for 15 bright subdwarf B binary systems have been measured using high precision radial velocity measurements from high S/N optical high-resolution spectra. In addition, two bright sdB stars are discovered to be radial velocity variable but the period could not yet be determined. The companions for all systems are unseen. The periods range from about 0.18 days up to more than ten days. The radial velocity semi amplitudes are found to lie between 15 and 130 km/s. Using the mass functions, the masses of the unseen companions have been constrained to lower limits of 0.03 up to 0.55 M_sun, and most probable values of 0.03 up to 0.81 M_sun. The invisible companions for three of our program stars are undoubtedly white dwarfs. In the other cases they could be either white dwarfs or main sequence stars. For two stars the secondaries could possibly be brown dwarfs. As expected, the orbits are circular for most of the systems. However, for one third of the program stars we find slightly eccentric orbits with small eccentricities of e~0.02-0.06. This is the first time that non-circular orbits have been found in sdB binaries. No correlation with the orbital period can be found.
Functional vascular smooth muscle cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells via mesenchymal stem cell intermediates.

AIMS Smooth muscle cells (SMC) play an important role in vascular homeostasis and disease. Although adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been used as a source of contractile SMC, they suffer from limited proliferation potential and culture senescence, particularly when originating from older donors. By comparison, human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) can provide an unlimited source of functional SMC for autologous cell-based therapies and for creating models of vascular disease. Our goal was to develop an efficient strategy to derive functional, contractile SMC from hiPSC. METHODS AND RESULTS We developed a robust, stage-wise, feeder-free strategy for hiPSC differentiation into functional SMC through an intermediate stage of multipotent MSC, which could be coaxed to differentiate into fat, bone, cartilage, and muscle. At this stage, the cells were highly proliferative and displayed higher clonogenic potential and reduced senescence when compared with parental hair follicle mesenchymal stem cells. In addition, when exposed to differentiation medium, the myogenic proteins such as α-smooth muscle actin, calponin, and myosin heavy chain were significantly upregulated and displayed robust fibrillar organization, suggesting the development of a contractile phenotype. Indeed, tissue constructs prepared from these cells exhibited high levels of contractility in response to receptor- and non-receptor-mediated agonists. CONCLUSION We developed an efficient stage-wise strategy that enabled hiPSC differentiation into contractile SMC through an intermediate population of clonogenic and multipotent MSC. The high yield of MSC and SMC derivation suggests that our strategy may facilitate an acquisition of the large numbers of cells required for regenerative medicine or for studying vascular disease pathophysiology.
Game-Theoretic Framework for Integrity Veri cation in Computation Outsourcing

In the cloud computing era, in order to avoid computational burdens, many organizations tend to outsource their computations to third-party cloud servers. In order to protect service quality, the integrity of computation results need to be guaranteed. In this paper, we develop a game theoretic framework which helps the outsourcer to minimize its cost while ensuring the integrity of the outsourced computation. We then apply the proposed framework to two collaborative filtering algorithms and demonstrate the equilibriums together with the corresponding minimal costs. Finally, we show that, by including the intermediate results in the final output, further cost reduction can be achieved.
Probing the sense of place.

This paper describes the application and results of two studies using a qualitative tool designed to examine sense of place in relation to presence research in the BENOGO project. The ‘place probe’ incorporates a range of techniques aimed at articulating a person’s sense of place, these include: verbal descriptions; sketch maps; salient features; semantic differentials and six words that best describe the experience of being in a place. The paper will describe the application of the probe in both a physical place and a virtual representation of that place. The Analysis of the results reveals a similarity of reported experience in both places, but that the extremes experienced in the physical place were more flattened in the virtual representation
Canonical Microcircuits for Predictive Coding

Andre M. Bastos,1,2,6 W. Martin Usrey,1,3,4 Rick A. Adams,8 George R. Mangun,2,3,5 Pascal Fries,6,7 and Karl J. Friston8,* 1Center for Neuroscience 2Center for Mind and Brain 3Department of Neurology 4Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior 5Department of Psychology University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95618 USA 6Ernst Strüngmann Institute (ESI) for Neuroscience in Cooperation with Max Planck Society, Deutschordenstraße 46, 60528 Frankfurt, Germany 7Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN Nijmegen, Netherlands 8The Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, Queen Square, London WC1N 3BG, UK *Correspondence: k.friston@ucl.ac. uk http://dx.doi. org/10.1016/j.neuron. 2012.10. 038
Pedunculopontine Nucleus Stimulation Improves Gait Freezing in Parkinson Disease

BACKGROUND Pedunculopontine nucleus (PPN) stimulation is a novel therapy for Parkinson disease. However, controversies remain regarding the clinical application of this new therapy, including patient selection, electrode positioning, and how best to assess outcomes. OBJECTIVE To clarify the clinical application of PPN stimulation in Parkinson disease. METHODS Five consecutive patients with Parkinson disease complicated by severe gait freezing, postural instability, and frequent falls (all persisting even while the patient was on medication) received bilateral stimulation of the mid-lower PPN without costimulation of other brain targets. Outcomes were assessed prospectively over 2 years with gait-specific questionnaires and the Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (part III). RESULTS The primary outcome, the Gait and Falls Questionnaire score, improved significantly with stimulation. Benefits were maintained over 2 years. Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (part III) items assessing gait and posture were relatively insensitive to these treatment effects. Beneficial effects often appeared to outlast stimulation for hours or longer. Thus, single-session on- vs off-stimulation assessments may be susceptible to “delayed washout effects. ” Stimulation of the PPN did not change akinesia scores or dopaminergic medication requirements. CONCLUSION Bilateral stimulation of the mid-lower PPN (more caudal than previous reports) without costimulation of other brain targets may be beneficial for the subgroup of patients with Parkinson disease who experience severe gait freezing and postural instability with frequent falls, which persist even while on medication. Choosing appropriate outcome measures and accounting for the possibility of prolonged stimulation washout effects appear to be important for detecting the clinical benefits.
The Design of Tiered Pricing Meter Based on ZigBee Wireless Meter Reading System

A tiered pricing meter based on ZigBee is designed in order to carry out the policy of saving energy and cutting emissions in China, and to realize wireless meter reading and intelligent electricity supervision. The energy meter uses MSP430FE427, a low-power micro-controller, to implement tiered and time-of-use pricing and uses CC2430, a low-power chip, to realize wireless meter reading. The anti-electricity-larceny function is realized by using ESP430CE1, the energy metering module, which is embedded in MSP430FE427. After the architecture of ZigBee protocol stack and the work flow of operating system abstraction layer are analyzed, the program of electricity metering is presented. As the terminal nodes of wireless meter reading system, the multi-function meters can easily implement wireless transmission of data, and can improve the accuracy and efficiency of the meter reading.
Oscillatory Flow Near a Stagnation Point

The classical Hiemenz solution describes incompressible two-dimensional stagnation point flow at a solid wall. We consider an unsteady version of this problem, examining particularly the response close to the wall when the solution at infinity is modulated in time by a periodic factor of specified amplitude and frequency. While this problem has already been tackled in the literature for general frequency in cases when the amplitude of the time-periodic factor is either large or small, we compute the flow for arbitrary values of both these parameters. For any given amplitude, we find that there exists a threshold frequency above which the flow is regular and periodic, with the same period as the modulation factor, and beneath which the solution terminates in a finite time singularity. The dividing line in parameter space between these two possibilities is identified and favorably compared with the predictions of asymptotic analyses in the small and large frequency limits.
Features of the Chronic Care Model (CCM) Associated with Behavioral Counseling and Diabetes Care in Community Primary Care

Background: The Chronic Care Model (CCM) was developed to improve chronic disease care, but it may also inform delivery of other types of preventive care. Using hierarchical analyses of service delivery to patients, we explored associations of CCM implementation with diabetes care and counseling for diet or weight loss and physical activity in community-based primary care offices. Methods: Secondary analysis focused on baseline data from 25 practices (with an average of 4 physicians per practice) participating in an intervention trial targeting improved colorectal cancer screening rates. This intervention made no reference to the CCM. CCM implementation was measured through staff and clinical management surveys and was associated with patient care indicators (chart audits and patient questionnaires). Results: Overall, practices had low levels of CCM implementation. However, higher levels of CCM implementation were associated with better diabetes assessment and treatment of patients (P = .009 and .015, respectively), particularly among practices open to “innovation. ” Physical activity counseling for obese and, particularly, overweight patients was strongly associated with CCM implementation (P = .0017), particularly among practices open to “innovation”; however, this association did not hold for overweight and obese patients with diabetes. Conclusions: Very modest levels of CCM implementation in unsupported primary care practices are associated with improved care for patients with diabetes and higher rates of behavioral counseling. Incremental incorporation of CCM components is an option, especially for community practices with stretched resources and with cultures of “innovativeness. ”
Spectroscopic metallicities for planet-host stars: Extending the samples

We present stellar parameters and metallicities for 29 planet-host stars, as well as for a large volume-limited sample of 53 stars not known to be orbited by any planetary-mass companion. These stars add to the results presented in our previous series of papers, providing two large and uniform samples of 119 planet-hosts and 94 “single” stars with accurate stellar parameters and [Fe/H] estimates. The analysis of the results further confirms that stars with planets are metal-rich when compared with average field dwarfs. Important biases that may compromise future studies are also discussed. Finally, we compare the metallicity distributions for single planet-hosts and planet-hosts in multiple stellar systems. The results show that a small difference cannot be excluded, in the sense that the latter sample is slighly overmetallic. However, more data are needed to confirm this correlation.
Design Optimization and Characterization of High-Gain GaInP/GaAs HBT Distributed Amplifiers for High-Bit-Rate

The design methodology, processing technology, and characterization of high-gain GaInP/GaAs heterojunc- toin-bipolar-transistor-based distributed amplifiers are described in this paper. Distributed amplifiers with different active cells and number of stages have been compared for high-gain ( 12 dB) and high-bandwidth ( 25 GHz) performance. Based on the results, a three-stage attenuation-compensated distributed amplifier with a flat gain of 12.7 dB over a bandwidth of 27.5 GHz was successfully fabricated and tested. Eye-diagram tests at 10 Gb/s show very open eye characteristics with no signal skewing. The amplifier achieves a minimum noise figure of 4 dB at 3 GHz and a sensitivity of 25 dBm for 10-Gb/s nonreturn-to-zero pseudorandom bit sequence with a bit error rate of 10 .
Inclusive growth? : Labour migration and poverty in India

textabstractThis paper discusses the relationship between labour migration and poverty in India. This is placed against the on-going debates on changes in patterns of employment and job creation in India, during the periods of economic liberalization, under the Inclusive Growth policies since 2004, and under the impact of the global financial crisis, and growing inequalities. The paper focuses on the migration patterns of deprived social groups, analyse whether migration form a routes out of poverty, and what specific policies for these groups exist or should be recommended. The paper first discusses general findings on the links between poverty and internal labour migration. These stylized facts are used to structure the insights into the changes in migration patterns in India, highlighting the under-recording of migration of most vulnerable groups. The third section discusses the implications of these insights for a notion of Inclusive Growth, concluding there is a need to address the invisibility of migrants and to review common policy aspirations to reduce migration. The conclusion reflects on the analysis of migration and policies to enhance migrants’ well-being and ability to participate in India’s disequalising growth.
Protostellar discs formed from rigidly rotating cores

We use three-dimensional smoothed particle hydrodynamic simulations to investigate the collapse of low-mass pre-stellar cores and the formation and early evolution of protostellar discs. The initial conditions are slightly supercritical Bonnor–Ebert spheres in rigid rotation. The core mass and initial radius are held fixed at MO= 6.1 M⊙ and RO= 17 000 au, and the only parameter that we vary is the initial angular speed ΩO. Protostellar discs forming from cores with ΩO < 1.35 × 10−13 s−1 have radii between 100 and 300 au and are quite centrally concentrated; due to heating by gas infall on to the disc and accretion on to the central object, they are also quite warm, , and therefore stable against gravitational fragmentation. In contrast, more rapidly rotating cores form discs which are less concentrated and cooler, and have radii between 400 and 1000 au; as a consequence they are prone to gravitational fragmentation and the formation of multiple systems. We derive a criterion that predicts whether a rigidly rotating core having given MO, RO and ΩO will produce a protostellar disc which fragments whilst material is still infalling from the core envelope. We then apply this criterion to core samples for which MO, RO and ΩO have been estimated observationally. We conclude that the observed cores are stable against fragmentation at this stage, due to their low angular speeds and the heat delivered at the accretion shock where the infalling material hits the disc.
Positive interference of icodextrin metabolites in some enzymatic glucose methods.

The glucose polymer icodextrin has become widely used in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) (1). Icodextrin is hydrolyzed in the systemic circulation to oligosaccharides such as maltose, maltotriose, and maltotetraose. The use of icodextrin leads to substantial concentrations of these icodextrin metabolites in the blood, where they are not normally found (2) . The presence of these metabolites could have an effect on enzymatic glucose measurement. A common complication in diabetes mellitus patients is renal insufficiency, which may lead to dialysis. Patients with diabetes mellitus treated by icodextrin-CAPD are at risk for having erroneous blood glucose measurements. To evaluate the possibility of interference of the icodextrin metabolites in various …
Implementations of dispatch rules in parallel manufacturing simulation

Most features in commercial simulation packages are often omitted in parallel simulation benchmarks, because they neither affect the overall correctness of the simulation protocol nor the benchmark's performance. In our work on parallel simulation of a wafer fabrication plant, we however find several features which complicate the implementation of the simulation protocol and affect the program performance. One such feature is the dispatch rules which a machine set uses to decide the priority of the waiting wafer lots. In a sequential simulation, the dispatch rule can be implemented in a straightforward fashion, because the whole system state is at the same simulation time, and the rule simply reads the state variables (of any machine, resources, etc.) In a parallel simulation, the dispatch rule computation may be complicated by the fact that different portions of the simulated system can be at different simulation times. This paper describes our study of the implementation of dispatch rules in parallel simulation. This is actually an instance of the little-studied problem of providing shared-state information in parallel simulation. We briefly survey previous related work. We then outline two different approaches for a dispatch rule to access the shared-state information and compare them in terms of their ease of implementation.