Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study Skills and Critical Thinking Curriculum for Adolescents in a Psychiatric Treatment Center.

This report discusses the need to teach critical thinking and study skill strategies to improve the problem-solving ability, study habits, and knowledge of subject content to students in psychiatric treatment centers. The report asserts that this type of curriculum will assist students in comprehending new information and utilizing thinking skills to overcome everyday obstacles. Study strategies described include: (1) "SQ3R" (survey, question, read, recite, review); (2) paraphrasing; (3) guided questioning or self-questioning; (4) heuristic problem-solving (approaching a problem, understanding the problem, and arriving at a solution to the problem); (5) keyword method (the student is asked to associate an abstract word with a concrete word that sounds like it and use this information to create the new image to recall); (6) pegword method (memorizing a list of words that can be recalled readily and linking these words with the items that must be"memorized); and (7) first letter mnemonics. Critical thinking strategies include analysis of choice making behaviors and use of weekly brain teasers. Procedures for assessing students academically and for implementing a study skills and critical thinking skills curriculum are outlined. (Contains 17 references.) (CR) *********************************************************************** Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. *********************************************************************** U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION XeiiCENTER (ERIC) is document has been reproduced as ceived from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. STUDY SKILLS AND CRITICAL THINKING CURRICULUM FOR ADOLESCENTS IN A PSYCHIATRIC TREATMENT CENTER PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY R.Iiis+Do TO THE EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) Lorraine C. Peniston, Ph.D. Learning Disabilities Specialist Center for Academic Program Support University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico November 21, 1995 Educational Resources Information Center
Psychophysiological Parallels in Dreams

&NA; To investigate relationships between dream content and physiological arousal, 15 volunteers slept for three nights each in the laboratory. Besides the usual EEG, EOG, and EMG measures to assess sleep stages, recordings were obtained for respiratory rate, heart rate, phasic vasoconstrictions, and skin potential fluctuations. Sleepers were awakened twice from REM and twice from NREM, to assess sleep mentation. This mentation was rated for emotionality, physical activity of the dreamer, and involvement of the sleeper in his dream. Besides a number of lesser relationships, highly significant associations (p < 0.005) were found during REM sleep between dream emotionality and heart rate variability; between dream emotionality and skin potential fluctuations; between dream involvement and mean heart rate; and between dream intensity and heart rate variability. During NREM sleep the intensity of sleep mentation also related to heart rate variability (p <0.03). These relationships indicate that some psychophysiological parallels do occur in dreams more often than chance.
Blood Group O Protects against Inhibitor Development in Severe Hemophilia A Patients

Abstract Increasing evidence supports the link between ABO(H) blood group determinants and hemostasis. In particular, the ABO-related different glycosylation patterns of von Willebrand factor strongly influence its clearance and functional levels, and this may contribute to the inter-individual variations in the half-life of infused Factor VIII (FVIII) in hemophilia A (HA) patients. We investigated the role of ABO blood groups in regulating FVIII immunogenicity by evaluating their distribution in patients with severe (FVIII < 1 IU/dL) HA according to inhibitor development and other known relevant factors. In a cohort of Italian severe HA patients (n = 209), the ABO blood group distribution was similar to that in the healthy general population. However, the distribution of inhibitors, developed in 56 patients overall (26.8%), was significantly different in the four ABO phenotypes (O, 18.2%; A, 31.9%; B, 39.1%, AB, 25%; p = 0.033); this difference seemed more pronounced when only high-titer inhibitors (overall, 21.1%) were considered (O, 11.4%; A, 27.7%; B, 34.8%; p = 0.011). Relative risks in O versus non-O blood group were 0.55 (95% CI: 0.33–0.92) and 0.40 (95% CI: 0.21–0.77) for any and high-titer inhibitors, respectively. In a multivariate logistic regression, O blood group was shown to lower (approximately twofold) inhibitor risk, similarly with plasma-derived FVIII, whereas high-risk F8 mutations were associated with increased risk. However, the estimated effect of O blood type on inhibitor development was free from any significant correlation to other covariates, including presence of high-risk F8 mutations and type of replacement FVIII used. In this retrospective cohort of severe hemophiliacs, blood group O appears to protect against inhibitor development, with independent effects from other covariates. Larger prospective studies are needed to confirm this finding and to delve deeper into its pathophysiologic mechanisms.
Use it or lose it: establishment and persistence of T cell memory

Pre-existing T cell memory provides substantial protection against viral, bacterial, and parasitic infections. The generation of protective T cell memory constitutes a primary goal for cell-mediated vaccines, thus understanding the mechanistic basis of memory development and maintenance are of major importance. The widely accepted idea that T cell memory pools are directly descended from the effector populations has been challenged by recent reports that provide evidence for the early establishment of T cell memory and suggest that the putative memory precursor T cells do not undergo full expansion to effector status. Moreover, it appears that once the memory T cells are established early in life, they can persist for the lifetime of an individual. This is in contrast to the reported waning of naïve T cell immunity with age. Thus, in the elderly, immune memory that was induced at an early age may be more robust than recently induced memory, despite the necessity for long persistence. The present review discusses the mechanisms underlying the early establishment of immunological memory and the subsequent persistence of memory T cell pools in animal models and humans.
Rab4b Is a Small GTPase Involved in the Control of the Glucose Transporter GLUT4 Localization in Adipocyte

Background Endosomal small GTPases of the Rab family, among them Rab4a, play an essential role in the control of the glucose transporter GLUT4 trafficking, which is essential for insulin-mediated glucose uptake. We found that adipocytes also expressed Rab4b and we observed a consistent decrease in the expression of Rab4b mRNA in human and mice adipose tissue in obese diabetic states. These results led us to study this poorly characterized Rab member and its potential role in glucose transport. Methodology/Principal Findings We used 3T3-L1 adipocytes to study by imaging approaches the localization of Rab4b and to determine the consequence of its down regulation on glucose uptake and endogenous GLUT4 location. We found that Rab4b was localized in endosomal structures in preadipocytes whereas in adipocytes it was localized in GLUT4 and in VAMP2-positive compartments, and also in endosomal compartments containing the transferrin receptor (TfR). When Rab4b expression was decreased with specific siRNAs by two fold, an extent similar to its decrease in obese diabetic subjects, we observed a small increase (25%) in basal deoxyglucose uptake and a more sustained increase (40%) in presence of submaximal and maximal insulin concentrations. This increase occurred without any change in GLUT4 and GLUT1 expression levels and in the insulin signaling pathways. Concomitantly, GLUT4 but not TfR amounts were increased at the plasma membrane of basal and insulin-stimulated adipocytes. GLUT4 seemed to be targeted towards its non-endosomal sequestration compartment. Conclusion/Significance Taken our results together, we conclude that Rab4b is a new important player in the control of GLUT4 trafficking in adipocytes and speculate that difference in its expression in obese diabetic states could act as a compensatory effect to minimize the glucose transport defect in their adipocytes.
Waldenström Macroglobulinemia in Hepatitis C: Case Report and Review of the Current Literature

Background. Recent literature has associated hepatitis C virus with the development of non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Hepatitis C virus infection appears to promote lymphoproliferation, providing a plausible mechanism for a causative association; however, despite prior reports of patients with comorbid hepatitis C infection and Waldenström macroglobulinemia, the literature is in disagreement regarding whether there exists an association between these two conditions. Case Presentation. This case report describes a 57-year-old African-American male with chronic hepatitis C infection and cryoglobulinemia who presented with several episodes of transient confusion and paralysis and was found to have symptomatic hyperviscosity. The recognition of his condition was facilitated by characteristic findings on ophthalmologic examination. He was subsequently diagnosed with Waldenström macroglobulinemia on bone marrow biopsy. Conclusions. An up to date, comprehensive review of the literature suggests an association between hepatitis C and Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Data on optimal treatment of patients with comorbid hepatitis C infection and Waldenström macroglobulinemia is limited. We have provided a comprehensive review of previously explored treatment options to guide management of other similar patients. Our patient has since been treated with repeated plasmapheresis with a plan to pursue antiviral therapy.
A novel targeting modality for renal cell carcinoma: human osteocalcin promoter‐mediated gene therapy synergistically induced by vitamin C and vitamin D3

Advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) frequently develops skeletal metastasis and is highly resistant to conventional therapies. We hypothesized that the osteocalcin (OC) promoter may be a promising gene delivery system for RCC targeted gene therapy because osteotropic tumors gain osteomimetic properties and thrive in the new environment by exhibiting a bone‐like gene expression profile. Human OC (hOC) expression is highly regulated by vitamins and hormone. In the present study, we tested the feasibility of vitamin‐regulatable hOC promoter for RCC‐specific transcriptional targeting, and examined the anti‐tumor effect of vitamins C and D3 with hOC‐based adenoviral vectors towards RCC.
Exercise-Induced Weight Reduction and Fertility Outcomes in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome who are Obese and Infertile : A Preliminary Report ’

The influence of graded Aerobic exercise on obese infertile women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), over a period of three months was studied. The study group consisted of 21 women with mean age (34.0±2.0 yrs) and control group consisted of 21 women with mean age (33.0±2.0 yrs) who were clinically, biochemically and ultrasonographically -confirmed cases of Obese, infertile & PCOS. The results of the both groups were compared initially and after three months. The results were analyzed with “t” test. The study group showed significant decrease in mean body mass index as compared to control group. In addition to the reduction in the body weight, the study group also showed increase in ovulation and pregnancy rate, and decrease in ovarian cyst size as compared to control group. The graded aerobic exercise was found to be a definite tool in obese infertile women with polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Proteomics Characterization of Mouse Kidney Peroxisomes by Tandem Mass Spectrometry and Protein Correlation Profiling*S

The peroxisome represents a ubiquitous single membrane-bound key organelle that executes various metabolic pathways such as fatty acid degradation by α- and β-oxidation, ether-phospholipid biosynthesis, metabolism of reactive oxygen species, and detoxification of glyoxylate in mammals. To fulfil this vast array of metabolic functions, peroxisomes accommodate ∼50 different enzymes at least as identified until now. Interest in peroxisomes has been fueled by the discovery of a group of genetic diseases in humans, which are caused by either a defect in peroxisome biogenesis or the deficient activity of a distinct peroxisomal enzyme or transporter. Although this research has greatly improved our understanding of peroxisomes and their role in mammalian metabolism, deeper insight into biochemistry and functions of peroxisomes is required to expand our knowledge of this low abundance but vital organelle. In this work, we used classical subcellular fractionation in combination with MS-based proteomics methodologies to characterize the proteome of mouse kidney peroxisomes. We could identify virtually all known components involved in peroxisomal metabolism and biogenesis. Moreover through protein localization studies by using a quantitative MS screen combined with statistical analyses, we identified 15 new peroxisomal candidates. Of these, we further investigated five candidates by immunocytochemistry, which confirmed their localization in peroxisomes. As a result of this joint effort, we believe to have compiled the so far most comprehensive protein catalogue of mammalian peroxisomes.
Molecular and functional properties of densely and sparsely granulated GH-producing pituitary adenomas.

OBJECTIVE GH-producing pituitary adenomas display two distinct morphological patterns of cytoplasmic GH-containing secretory granules, namely the densely and sparsely granulated somatotroph adenoma subtype. It is unknown whether these morphological variants reflect distinct pathophysiological entities at the molecular level. METHODS In 28 GH-producing adenoma tissues from a consecutive set of patients undergoing pituitary surgery for acromegaly, we studied the GH granulation pattern, the expression of somatostatin receptor subtypes (SSTR) as well as the calcium, cAMP and ZAC1 pathways in primary adenoma cell cultures. RESULTS The expression of GSP oncogene was similar between densely and sparsely granulated somatotroph adenoma cells. There were no differences in the calcium, cAMP and ZAC1 pathways as well as in their regulation by SSTR agonists. SSTR2 was exclusively expressed in densely but not in sparsely granulated tumours (membrane expression 86 vs 0%; cytoplasmic expression 67 vs 0%). By contrast, expression of SSTR5 was only found in sparsely but not in densely granulated somatotroph adenomas (membrane expression 29 vs 0%; cytoplasmic expression 57 vs 0%). CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that different granulation patterns in GH-producing adenomas do not reflect differences in pathways and factors pivotal for somatotroph differentiation and function. In vitro, the vast majority of both densely and sparsely granulated tumour cells were responsive to SSTR activation at the molecular level. Sparsely granulated adenomas lacking SSTR2, but expressing SSTR5, might be responsive to novel SSTR agonists with increased affinity to SSTR5.
Flexible energy storage devices based on nanocomposite paper

There is strong recent interest in ultrathin, flexible, safe energy storage devices to meet the various design and power needs of modern gadgets. To build such fully flexible and robust electrochemical devices, multiple components with specific electrochemical and interfacial properties need to be integrated into single units. Here we show that these basic components, the electrode, separator, and electrolyte, can all be integrated into single contiguous nanocomposite units that can serve as building blocks for a variety of thin mechanically flexible energy storage devices. Nanoporous cellulose paper embedded with aligned carbon nanotube electrode and electrolyte constitutes the basic unit. The units are used to build various flexible supercapacitor, battery, hybrid, and dual-storage battery-in-supercapacitor devices. The thin freestanding nanocomposite paper devices offer complete mechanical flexibility during operation. The supercapacitors operate with electrolytes including aqueous solvents, room temperature ionic liquids, and bioelectrolytes and over record temperature ranges. These easy-to-assemble integrated nanocomposite energy-storage systems could provide unprecedented design ingenuity for a variety of devices operating over a wide range of temperature and environmental conditions.
Impacts and Recovery from Severe Tropical Cyclone Yasi on the Great Barrier Reef

Full recovery of coral reefs from tropical cyclone (TC) damage can take decades, making cyclones a major driver of habitat condition where they occur regularly. Since 1985, 44 TCs generated gale force winds (≥17 metres/second) within the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (GBRMP). Of the hurricane strength TCs (≥H1—Saffir Simpson scale; ≥ category 3 Australian scale), TC Yasi (February, 2011) was the largest. In the weeks after TC Yasi crossed the GBRMP, participating researchers, managers and rangers assessed the extent and severity of reef damage via 841 Reef Health and Impact Surveys at 70 reefs. Records were scaled into five damage levels representing increasingly widespread colony-level damage (1, 2, 3) and reef structural damage (4, 5). Average damage severity was significantly affected by direction (north vs south of the cyclone track), reef shelf position (mid-shelf vs outer-shelf) and habitat type. More outer-shelf reefs suffered structural damage than mid-shelf reefs within 150 km of the track. Structural damage spanned a greater latitudinal range for mid-shelf reefs than outer-shelf reefs (400 vs 300 km). Structural damage was patchily distributed at all distances, but more so as distance from the track increased. Damage extended much further from the track than during other recent intense cyclones that had smaller circulation sizes. Just over 15% (3,834 km2) of the total reef area of the GBRMP is estimated to have sustained some level of coral damage, with ~4% (949 km2) sustaining a degree of structural damage. TC Yasi likely caused the greatest loss of coral cover on the GBR in a 24-hour period since 1985. Severely impacted reefs have started to recover; coral cover increased an average of 4% between 2011 and 2013 at re-surveyed reefs. The in situ assessment of impacts described here is the largest in scale ever conducted on the Great Barrier Reef following a reef health disturbance.
A Processing Model of Emotion Regulation: Insights from the Attachment System

A processing model of emotion regulation (PMER) was investigated by assessing the attachment system and the two types of emotion regulation strategies (adaptive and maladaptive) in undergraduate students (N = 307) at Georgia State University. The analysis of the data revealed an interesting set of findings: (a) attachment anxiety was a stronger indicator of whether people use adaptive or maladaptive emotion regulation strategies than was attachment avoidance; (b) self efficacy, and not cognitive inability to suppress unwanted thoughts, partially mediated the relationship between attachment anxiety and adaptive emotion regulation strategies; and (c) cognitive inability to suppress unwanted thoughts, and not self efficacy beliefs, partially mediated the relationship between attachment anxiety and maladaptive emotion regulation strategies. Overall, the findings provided substantial support for the PMER, and also have important implications for clinical interventions aimed at effective emotion regulation. INDEX WORDS: Attachment, Emotion regulation, Self-efficacy, Adaptation, Cognitive mechanism, Unwanted thoughts, Rumination A PROCESSING MODEL OF EMOTION REGULATION: INSIGHTS FROM THE ATTACHMENT SYSTEM
Regulated Maximal Matching: A Distributed Scheduling Algorithm for Multi-Hop Wireless Networks With Node-Exclusive Spectrum Sharing

We consider wireless networks with a special type of spectral allocation, where the only constraint is that a node cannot transmit to more than one receiver at a time and cannot receive more than one transmission at a time. We introduce a scheduling algorithm called regulated maximal matching which is fully distributed and guarantees a throughput that is at least half of the throughput achievable by a centralized algorithm.
Interleukin-2-Dependent Mechanisms Are Involved in the Development of Glomerulosclerosis after Partial Renal Ablation in Rats

Background: Glomerulosclerosis is a common feature of many end-stage renal diseases. The contribution of cellular immune mechanisms has been implicated in the development of glomerulosclerosis. We investigated whether the inhibition of lymphocyte activation influences this process in an established rat model of renal hyperfiltration. Methods: After removal of two-thirds of their respective kidney mass, rats were treated with either tacrolimus (0.08 mg/kg/day) or vehicle until the end of the study (n = 10/group). The rats were pair-fed and proteinuria was assessed regularly. Twenty weeks after nephrectomy, creatinine clearance and systemic blood pressure were determined, and kidneys were harvested for morphological, immunohistological and PCR analysis. Results: In control animals, renal function started to decline from week 12, as indicated by an elevated proteinuria. Interleukin (IL)-2 and IL-2 receptor synthesis was upregulated in control animals and inhibited by tacrolimus treatment. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1), platelet-derived growth factor-AA (PDGF-AA) and macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) mRNA levels were upregulated in control animals, but were significantly lower in immunosuppressed hosts. Additionally, tacrolimus treatment resulted in a significant reduction of proteinuria. Morphological analysis supported these functional results; glomerular sclerosis, tubular atrophy and intimal proliferation were more pronounced in controls than in the tacrolimus group. These morphological parameters were accompanied by reduced infiltration of CD5+ (rat T-cell marker) T cells, ED1+ (rat macrophage marker) macrophages, and less intense staining for laminin and fibronectin. Conclusion: A continuous treatment with tacrolimus – an inhibitor of lymphocyte proliferation – reduced the pace of glomerulosclerosis in the remnant kidney.