Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evolutionary many-objective optimisation: pushing the boundaries

Many-objective optimisation poses great challenges to evolutionary algorithms. To start with, the ineffectiveness of the Pareto dominance relation, which is the most important criterion in multi-objective optimisation, results in the underperformance of traditional Pareto-based algorithms. Also, the aggravation of the conflict between proximity and diversity, along with increasing time or space requirement as well as parameter sensitivity, has become key barriers to the design of effective many-objective optimisation algorithms. Furthermore, the infeasibility of solutions’ direct observation can lead to serious difficulties in algorithms’ performance investigation and comparison. In this thesis, we address these challenges, aiming to make evolutionary algorithms as effective in many-objective optimisation as in twoor three-objective optimisation. First, we significantly enhance Pareto-based algorithms to make them suitable for many-objective optimisation by placing individuals with poor proximity into crowded regions so that these individuals can have a better chance to be eliminated. Second, we propose a grid-based evolutionary algorithm which explores the potential of the grid to deal with many-objective optimisation problems. Third, we present a bi-goal evolution framework that converts many objectives of a given problem into two objectives regarding proximity and diversity, thus creating an optimisation problem in which the objectives are the goals of the search process itself. Fourth, we propose a comprehensive performance indicator to compare evolutionary algorithms in optimisation problems with various Pareto front shapes and any objective dimensionality. Finally, we construct a test problem to aid the visual investigation of evolutionary search, with its Pareto optimal solutions in a two-dimensional decision space having similar distribution to their images in a higher-dimensional objective space. The work reported in this thesis is the outcome of innovative attempts at addressing some of the most challenging problems in evolutionary many-objective optimisation. This research has not only made some of the existing approaches, such as Paretobased or grid-based algorithms that were traditionally regarded as unsuitable, now effective for many-objective optimisation, but also pushed other important boundaries with novel ideas including bi-goal evolution, a comprehensive performance indicator 3 and a test problem for visual investigation. All the proposed algorithms have been systematically evaluated against existing state of the arts, and some of these algorithms have already been taken up by researchers and practitioners in the field.
Hydrogen Trapping in Some Automotive Martensitic Advanced High‐Strength Steels

Hydrogen permeation experiments are used to investigate hydrogen trapping in commercial automotive martensitic advanced high‐strength steels. Hydrogen trapping increases with increasing mechanical strength, as indicated by (i) the decrease in the hydrogen diffusion coefficient, and (ii) the increase in reversible hydrogen trap density. The measured trap densities are in the order of ≈1017– ≈ 1018 cm−3. The relationship between trapping characteristics and HE susceptibility of MS‐AHSS is discussed in terms of Hydrogen Enhanced Macroscopic Plasticity (HEMP) and Hydrogen Assisted Micro‐fracture (HAM).
Evaluation of muscle damage after a rugby match with special reference to tackle plays

Objective: To investigate blood indices of muscle damage after a competitive rugby match. Methods: Fifteen elite amateur rugby players volunteered to participate (mean (SE) age 26.6 (0.7) years, height 179.8 (1.0) cm, weight 87.4 (2.2) kg, and Vo2max 58.5 (1.2) ml/kg/min). The study was conducted after two competitive matches during the 1999–2000 season. Plasma concentrations of lactate, potassium (K+), sodium (Na+), and myoglobin, and the activity of creatine kinase were measured before and after the matches. In addition, the number of tackles by and on each subject and the average duration of the work and rest periods were analysed using video recordings of the matches. Results: Myoglobin concentration and creatine kinase activity showed appreciable transient increases after the match. Peak values for myoglobin concentration (980 (166) μg/l) and creatine kinase activity (1081 (159) U/l) were observed 45 minutes and 24 hours after the match respectively. Positive and significant correlations were observed between the number of tackles and both peak myoglobin concentration (r = 0.85, p<0.01; n = 14) and peak creatine kinase activity (r = 0.92, p<0.01; n = 14). Plasma lactate and K+ concentrations also showed appreciable increases after the match, whereas plasma Na+ concentration showed a gradual decrease. The mean duration of the work and rest periods were 21.5 (2.2) and 24.3 (3.1) seconds respectively. Conclusions: The rugby matches resulted in serious structural damage to the muscles, the extent of which was highly dependent on the number of tackles.
UvA-DARE ( Digital Academic Repository ) Simpson ' s paradox in psychological science : a practical guide

Disclaimer/Complaints regulations If you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva. nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible.
Geometrical and numerical design of structured unitary space-time constellations

There exist two important design criteria for unitary space time codes. In the situation where the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is large the diversity product (DP) of a constellation should be as large as possible. It is less known that the diversity sum (DS) is a very important design criterion for codes working in a low SNR environment. So far, no general method to design good-performing constellations with large diversity for any number of transmit antennas and any transmission rate exists. In this correspondence, we propose constellations with suitable structures, which allow one to construct codes with excellent diversity using geometrical symmetry and numerical methods. The presented design methods work for any dimensional constellation and for any transmission rate 3722 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION THEORY, VOL. 52, NO. 8, AUGUST 2006 so the bound in (22) applies with = 1 2 logD= log q. Plugging this value of into (22) and manipulating the resulting expression, we obtain the bound of the theorem.
A Rough Set Based Approach to Find Learners' Key Personality Attributes in an E-Learning Environment

One of the challenges in personalized e-learning research is how to find the unique learning strategies according to a learnerâ€™s personality characteristic. A learnerâ€™s personality characteristic may have many attributes, and all of them may not have equal values. Correlation analysis, regression analysis, discriminator function, and educational psychology have been used to find solutions, but these methods have their shortcomings. This article proposes an improved approach based on rough set theory to find the key personality attributes and evaluates the importance of these attributes. The approach has been successfully used in the actual e-learning environment for a major research university in China.
Supporting Online Material Materials and Methods Som Text Figs. S1 to S9 References the Asynchronous State in Cortical Circuits

for help with experiments; R. J. Cotton for his contribution in setting up recordinge quipment; and the Siapas laboratory at Caltech for providing the recordings oftware. We thank R. Correlateds piking is ofteno bserved in cortical circuits, buti ts functional role is controversial. It is believed that correlations areaconsequence of shared inputs between nearby neuronsa nd could severely constrain information decoding. Here we show theoreticallythat recurrentneural networks can generate an asynchronous state characterized by arbitrarily lowm ean spiking correlations despite substantiala mounts of shared input.Int hisstate, spontaneous fluctuations in the activity of excitatory andi nhibitory populationsa ccurately tracke acho ther, generating negative correlations in synaptic currents which cancel the effect of shared input. Near-zero mean correlations were seen experimentally in recordingsf rom rodent neocortex in vivo. Our results suggest ar eexamination of the sources underlying observed correlations and their functional consequences for information processing. T he spikingactivityofneurons is oftencor-related within local cortical populations (1–4). Although correlations could be a signature of active information processing (5, 6), they cana lso impair the estimation of information conveyed by thef iring rates of neural populations (7, 2, 8)a nd might limit thee fficiency of an organism for performing sensory discrimi-nations (7, 2). Under specialconditions, correlated spikingi sa ni nevitable consequence of shared presynaptici nput (9, 10). In general, however,t he overall contribution of shared input to correlation magnitudesm easured in vivo is unclear,a s measuredc orrelations could reflect mostly covar-iations in activity due to cognitive or external variables outside thecontrol of theexperimenter (11–13). To investigate therelation between correlations and shared input, we studied theoretically the correlation structures characteristic of densely connectedr ecurrent networks. We start by consideringh ow the correlation betweenas ingle neuronal pair depends on the fraction p of shared inputs and the degree r in to which thei nputs are themselves correlated. The effecto fs haredi nput can be isolatedb yc onsid-eringp resynaptic neurons that fire independently (r in =0). Both excitatory (E)a nd inhibitory (I)shared inputs cause positive correlationsofa moderate magnitude in the synaptic input and spiking activityo ft he postsynaptic pair (Fig. 1, Aa nd B) (9, 14). Spiking correlations r in between inputs, however,h ave am ajor impact on the output correlation r out of the postsynaptic pair.W hen all inputs are E,w eak input correla-tionsg iver ise to strongly correlated synaptic cur-rentsa nd output spikes(Fig. 1C). This occurs because, when p and r in are small, the …
Frontiers in interventional cardiology.

In more than 20 years since the first percutaneous coronary revascularization procedures, the field of interventional cardiology has proliferated beyond all expectations. Now more than 1 million procedures are performed worldwide each year. Stenting has revolutionized the field, which previously relied on balloon dilatation in the majority of patients. With ≈50% of patients now undergoing stent implantation, the groundwork is laid for further important advances. In this article, we discuss the 4 most important new advances in the field of interventional cardiology: platelet inhibition, prevention of restenosis, stent evolution, and angiogenesis. ### Proximate Cause of Stent Thrombosis Considerable progress in the field of percutaneous coronary revascularization has been made by appreciation of the pivotal role of platelets and the development of new therapies directed against platelet aggregation. The entire field of stenting was catapulted forward with the realization that subacute thrombosis was predominantly attributable to a platelet thrombus. Since the beginning of coronary stenting in 1986, thromboprophylaxis consisted of full doses of heparin and coumarin, along with aspirin and dipyridamole.1 2 This regimen resulted in the necessity for prolonged hospital stays to achieve therapeutic anticoagulation and in excessive bleeding complications and was still ineffective in preventing stent thrombosis in at least 4% to 5% of patients.2 3 4 5 6 The prevailing belief was that stent thrombosis, which occurred primarily several days after the index procedure, was due to a fibrin-rich (red) thrombus.7 8 9 Many of the cases of stent thrombosis were linked to suboptimal anticoagulation.8 9 The complication of stent thrombosis is dreaded, because it may result in myocardial infarction (MI) or death.10 The possibility that stent thrombosis was precipitated by inadequate expansion of the stent was explored11 12 independently of the search for a better pharmacological protective strategy. Evidence for causal white thrombus came from platelet flow …
Transcriptome Profiling of Nasonia vitripennis Testis Reveals Novel Transcripts Expressed from the Selfish B Chromosome, Paternal Sex Ratio

A widespread phenomenon in nature is sex ratio distortion of arthropod populations caused by microbial and genetic parasites. Currently little is known about how these agents alter host developmental processes to favor one sex or the other. The paternal sex ratio (PSR) chromosome is a nonessential, paternally transmitted centric fragment that segregates in natural populations of the jewel wasp, Nasonia vitripennis. To persist, PSR is thought to modify the hereditary material of the developing sperm, with the result that all nuclear DNA other than the PSR chromosome is destroyed shortly after fertilization. This results in the conversion of a fertilized embryo—normally a female—into a male, thereby insuring transmission of the “selfish” PSR chromosome, and simultaneously leading to wasp populations that are male-biased. To begin to understand this system at the mechanistic level, we carried out transcriptional profiling of testis from WT and PSR-carrying males. We identified a number of transcripts that are differentially expressed between these conditions. We also discovered nine transcripts that are uniquely expressed from the PSR chromosome. Four of these PSR-specific transcripts encode putative proteins, whereas the others have very short open reading frames and no homology to known proteins, suggesting that they are long noncoding RNAs. We propose several different models for how these transcripts could facilitate PSR-dependent effects. Our analyses also revealed 15.71 MB of novel transcribed regions in the N. vitripennis genome, thus increasing the current annotation of total transcribed regions by 53.4%. Finally, we detected expression of multiple meiosis-related genes in the wasp testis, despite the lack of conventional meiosis in the male sex.
Visual odometry driven online calibration for monocular LiDAR-camera systems

Recently LiDAR-camera systems have rapidly emerged in many applications. The integration of laser range-finding technologies into existing vision systems enables a more comprehensive understanding of 3D structure of the environment. The advantage, however, relies on a good geometrical calibration between the LiDAR and the image sensors. In this paper we consider visual odometry, a discipline in computer vision and robotics, in the context of recently emerging online sensory calibration studies. By embedding the online calibration problem into a LiDAR-monocular visual odometry technique, the temporal change of extrinsic parameters can be tracked and compensated effectively.
Large 3D direct laser written scaffolds for tissue engineering applications

We report on the fabrication of three-dimensional direct laser written scaffolds for tissue engineering and the seeding of primary fibroblasts on these structures. Scaffolds are realized by two-photon absorption induced polymerization in the inorganic-organic hybrid polymer OrmoComp using a 515 nm femtosecond laser. A nonstop single-line single-pass writing process is implemented in order to produce periodic reproducible large scaled structures with a dimension in the range of several millimeters and reduce process time to less than one hour. This method allows us to determine optimized process parameters for writing stable structures while achieving pore sizes ranging from 5 μm to 90 μm and a scanning speed of up to 5 mm/s. After a multi-stage post-treatment, normal human dermal fibroblasts are applied to the scaffolds to test if these macroscopic structures with large surface and numerous small gaps between the pores provide nontoxic conditions. Furthermore, we study the cell behavior in this environment and observe both cell growth on as well as ingrowth on the three-dimensional structures. In particular, fibroblasts adhere and grow also on the vertical walls of the scaffolds.
[Voice problems in children].

Feel lonely? What about reading books? Book is one of the greatest friends to accompany while in your lonely time. When you have no friends and activities somewhere and sometimes, reading book can be a great choice. This is not only for spending the time, it will increase the knowledge. Of course the b=benefits to take will relate to what kind of book that you are reading. And now, we will concern you to try reading voice problems of children as one of the reading material to finish quickly.
Quality of life, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with major depression: a prospective cohort study in primary care.

OBJECTIVE To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics, adequacy of antidepressant treatment, and changes in quality of life of patients with major depression receiving follow-up care from primary care centers. METHOD A cohort study was performed in which major depression patients were followed-up over a nine-month period. Several evaluation instruments were used, including the World Health Organization Quality of Life and the Quality of Life-Depression, Centers for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression questionnaires. RESULTS The sample comprised 179 individuals, mostly female (73%), with a mean age of 38 years and mean education of 9 years. At the end of the follow-up period, 42% of the individuals still presented with major depression, 25% had complete symptom remission, and only 9% were properly treated with antidepressants. In relation to quality of life, there were significant differences especially between baseline and after nine months in almost all measures. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated that depressive symptoms are poorly recognized and that treatment is often inadequate for patients followed-up in primary care units in the south of Brazil. Most of the patients continued to have symptoms of depression over the nine-month period which were associated with impaired quality of life.
Lateral segregation of neutrophil chemotactic receptors into actin- and fodrin-rich plasma membrane microdomains depleted in guanyl nucleotide regulatory proteins

Subcellular fractions were prepared from human neutrophils desensitized at 15 degrees C with stimulatory doses of the photoaffinity derivative F-Met-Leu-Phe-N epsilon-(2-(rho-azido[125I]salicylamido)ethyl-1,3'- dithio-propionyl)-Lys. The covalently labeled receptors were found in a membrane fraction of higher density than those from cells preexposed to ligand at 4 degrees C but not desensitized. The denser fraction (rho approximately equal to 1.155 g/cc) was the cellular locus of the membrane associated cytoskeletal proteins, actin, and fodrin, as detected immunologically on western blots. The light fraction (rho approximately equal to 1.135), cosedimented with neutrophil plasma membrane markers, plasma membrane guanyl nucleotide regulatory proteins, and several characteristic polypeptides identified by SDS- PAGE, including a major 72-kD species. The photoaffinity-labeled species in either case showed the same mobility on SDS-PAGE (Mr = 50,000-70,000) corresponding to previously reported values for N-formyl chemotactic receptors. These labeled receptors were sensitive to proteolysis after exposure of the intact photoaffinity-labeled cells to papain at 4 degrees C. We conclude that (a) the fractions isolated are probably derived from different lateral microdomains of the surface of human neutrophils; (b) the higher density fraction contains occupied N- formyl-chemotactic receptors previously shown to have been converted, to a high affinity, slowly dissociating form coisolating with neutrophil cytoskeleton and implicated in the termination of formyl peptide-induced neutrophil activation; and (c) the translocation of receptors to these microdomains may serve to compartmentalize receptors and perhaps regulate the interaction of the receptor/G-protein transduction pair.
RADIO OBSERVATIONS OF A SAMPLE OF BROAD-LINE TYPE IC SUPERNOVAE DISCOVERED BY PTF/IPTF: A SEARCH FOR RELATIVISTIC EXPLOSIONS

Long duration γ-ray bursts are a rare subclass of stripped-envelope core-collapse supernovae (SNe) that launch collimated relativistic outflows (jets). All γ-ray-burst-associated SNe are spectroscopically Type Ic, with broad-lines, but the fraction of broad-lined SNe Ic harboring low-luminosity γ-ray bursts remains largely unconstrained. Some SNe should be accompanied by off-axis γ-ray burst jets that initially remain invisible, but then emerge as strong radio sources (as the jets decelerate). However, this critical prediction of the jet model for γ-ray bursts has yet to be verified observationally. Here, we present K. G. Jansky Very Large Array observations of 15 broad-lined SNe of Type Ic discovered by the Palomar Transient Factory in an untargeted manner. Most of the SNe in our sample exclude radio emission observationally similar to that of the radio-loud, relativistic SN 1998bw. We constrain the fraction of 1998bw-like broad-lined SNe Ic to be (99.865% confidence). Most of the events in our sample also exclude off-axis jets similar to GRB 031203 and GRB 030329, but we cannot rule out off-axis γ-ray bursts expanding in a low-density wind environment. Three SNe in our sample are detected in the radio. PTF11qcj and PTF14dby show late-time radio emission with average ejecta speeds of ≈0.3–0.4 c, on the dividing line between relativistic and “ordinary” SNe. The speed of PTF11cmh radio ejecta is poorly constrained. We estimate that (99.865% confidence) of the broad-lined SNe Ic in our sample may harbor off-axis γ-ray bursts expanding in media with densities in the range probed by this study.
Studies on Performance of Contaminated Insulators Energized with DC Voltage

Several types of insulators with a variety of contaminants and test methods were tested using dc voltages. A thyristor controlled dc power source provided a sufficiently stiff source for dc contamination testing. The dc performance is influenced by the contamination degree both for soluble and insoluble materials, contamination uniformity, insulator shape and relationship of total leakage distance to insulator diameter. Generally, the performance with dc shows linearity with respect to string length, but the dc values are generally lower than with ac.