Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cations Affect [3H]Mazindol and [3H]WIN 35,428 Binding to the Human Dopamine Transporter in a Similar Fashion

Abstract: The present study addresses the possibility that there are different cocaine‐related and mazindol‐related binding domains on the dopamine transporter (DAT) that show differential sensitivity to cations. The effects of Zn2+, Mg2+, Hg2+, Li+, K+, and Na+ were assessed on the binding of [3H]mazindol and [3H]WIN 35,428 to the human (h) DAT expressed in C6 glioma cells under identical conditions for intact cell and membrane assays. The latter were performed at both 0 and 21°C. Zn2+ (30–100 µM) stimulated binding of both radioligands to membranes, with a relatively smaller effect for [3H]mazindol; Mg2+ (0.1–100 µM) had no effect; Hg2+ at ∼3 µM stimulated binding to membranes, with a relatively smaller effect for [3H]mazindol than [3H]WIN 35,428 at 0°C, and at 30–100 µM inhibited both intact cell and membrane binding; Li+ and K+ substitution (30–100 mM) inhibited binding to membranes more severely than to intact cells; and Na+ substitution was strongly stimulatory. With only a few exceptions, the patterns of ion effects were remarkably similar for both radioligands at both 0 and 21°C, suggesting the involvement of common binding domains on the hDAT impacted similarly by cations. Therefore, if there are different binding domains for WIN 35,428 and mazindol, these are not affected differentially by the cations studied in the present experiments, except for the stimulatory effect of Zn2+ at 0 and 21°C and Hg2+ at 0°C.
ANTENNA DIVERSITY IN MOBILE PHONE

In the new generation of mobile communication systems, high data transmission rate and low bit error probability have been common requirements. However the issue of signal fading in a multi-path environment still stands as an major problem. Using antenna diversity techniques can overcome the problem. The main purpose of this thesis work is to implement receiver antenna diversity in a mobile terminal and to study the diversity performance of the diversity antenna system. In this thesis work, simulated and measured correlation coefficient and diversity gain have been studied and compared, under the assumption of the uniform distributed propagation model. The results confirmed the equivalence of correlation coefficient calculated from far-field patterns and from S parameters. Low correlation coefficient and high diversity gain are obtained in some placements of the diversity antenna. Improvement of correlation can be obtained from the implementation of the matching networks. The purpose of this thesis is to implement receiver diversity antenna in mobile phone as a promising way to improve the antenna performance at the mobile terminals. This report summarizes the results of the theoretical studies, simulations and measurements of evaluating the antenna diversity performance.
Input, Interaction and Output: An Overview

This paper presents an overview of what has come to be known as the Interaction Hypothesis, the basic tenet of which is that through input and interaction with interlocutors, language learners have opportunities to notice differences between their own formulations of the target language and the language of their conversational partners. They also receive feedback which both modifies the linguistic input they receive and pushes them to modify their output during conversation. This paper focuses on the major constructs of this approach to SLA, namely, input, interaction, feedback and output, and discusses recent literature that addresses these issues.
Acute Phencyclidine Alters Neural Oscillations Evoked by Tones in the Auditory Cortex of Rats

Background/Aims: The onset response to a single tone as measured by electroencephalography (EEG) is diminished in power and synchrony in schizophrenia. Because neural synchrony, particularly at gamma frequencies (30-80 Hz), is hypothesized to be supported by the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) system, we tested whether phencyclidine (PCP), an NMDAr antagonist, produced similar deficits to tone stimuli in rats. Methods: Experiment 1 tested the effect of a PCP dose (1.0, 2.5, and 4.5 mg/kg) on response to single tones on intracranial EEG recorded over the auditory cortex in rats. Experiment 2 evaluated the effect of PCP after acute administration of saline or PCP (5 mg/kg), after continuous subchronic administration of saline or PCP (5 mg/kg/day), and after a week of drug cessation. In both experiments, a time-frequency analysis quantified mean power (MP) and phase locking factor (PLF) between 1 and 80 Hz. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were also measured to tones, and EEG spectral power in the absence of auditory stimuli. Results: Acute PCP increased PLF and MP between 10 and 30 Hz, while decreasing MP and PLF between approximately 50 and 70 Hz. Acute PCP produced a dose-dependent broad-band increase in EEG power that extended into gamma range frequencies. There were no consistent effects of subchronic administration on gamma range activity. Acute PCP increased ERP amplitudes for the P16 and N70 components. Conclusions: Findings suggest that acute PCP-induced NMDAr hypofunction has differential effects on neural power and synchrony which vary with dose, time course of administration and EEG frequency. EEG synchrony and power appear to be sensitive translational biomarkers for disrupted NMDAr function, which may contribute to the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and other neuropsychiatric disorders.
Synthesis of BiOClx Br1-x Nanoplate Solid Solutions as a Robust Photocatalyst with Tunable Band Structure.

The use of bismuth oxyhalides as photocatalysts has received extensive interest because of their high photocatalytic activity and stability. However, available methods for the synthesis of bismuth oxyhalides with tailored morphologies, well-defined facets, and tunable band gaps are still lacking. In this work, two-dimensional BiOClx Br1-x solid solution with exposed {001} facets and tunable band gaps were synthesized by using solvothermal methods. The BiOClx Br1-x solid solution nanoplates crystallized in a homogeneous crystal structure but possessed continuously tuned band gaps from 3.39 to 2.78 eV by decreasing the ratio of Cl/Br. Among the synthesized nanoplates, the BiOCl0.5 Br0.5 sample exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity for degrading Rhodamine B (RhB), a typical organic pollutant, under visible light. The highest photoactivity of the BiOCl0.5 Br0.5 sample was attributed to a synergetic effect of higher surface area, facets exposed, and optimized band structure. The results are of profound significance for the design of novel photocatalyst materials.
Sex-ratio-distorting Wolbachia causes sex-role reversal in its butterfly host

Sex‐role‐reversed mating systems in which females compete for males and males may be choosy are usually associated with males investing more than females in offspring. We report that sex‐role reversal may also be caused by selfish genetic elements which distort the sex ratio towards females. Some populations of the butterflies Acraea encedon and Acraea encedana are extremely female biased because over 90% of females are infected with a Wolbachia bacterium that is maternally inherited and kills male embryos. Many females in these populations are virgins suggesting that their reproductive success may be limited by access to males. These females form lekking swarms at landmarks in which females exhibit behaviours which we interpret as functioning to solicit matings from males. The hypothesis that female A. encedon swarm in order to mate is supported by the finding that, in release‐recapture experiments, mated females tend to leave the swarm while unmated females remained. This behaviour is a sex‐role‐reversed form of a common mating system in insects in which males form lekking swarms at landmarks and compete for females. Female lekking swarms are absent from less female‐biased populations and here the butterflies are instead associated with resources in the form of the larval food plant.
GIP and GLP‐1, the two incretin hormones: Similarities and differences

Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) are the two primary incretin hormones secreted from the intestine on ingestion of glucose or nutrients to stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic β cells. GIP and GLP‐1 exert their effects by binding to their specific receptors, the GIP receptor (GIPR) and the GLP‐1 receptor (GLP‐1R), which belong to the G‐protein coupled receptor family. Receptor binding activates and increases the level of intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate in pancreatic β cells, thereby stimulating insulin secretion glucose‐dependently. In addition to their insulinotropic effects, GIP and GLP‐1 play critical roles in various biological processes in different tissues and organs that express GIPR and GLP‐1R, including the pancreas, fat, bone and the brain. Within the pancreas, GIP and GLP‐1 together promote β cell proliferation and inhibit apoptosis, thereby expanding pancreatic β cell mass, while GIP enhances postprandial glucagon response and GLP‐1 suppresses it. In adipose tissues, GIP but not GLP‐1 facilitates fat deposition. In bone, GIP promotes bone formation while GLP‐1 inhibits bone absorption. In the brain, both GIP and GLP‐1 are thought to be involved in memory formation as well as the control of appetite. In addition to these differences, secretion of GIP and GLP‐1 and their insulinotropic effects on β cells have been shown to differ in patients with type 2 diabetes compared to healthy subjects. We summarize here the similarities and differences of these two incretin hormones in secretion and metabolism, their insulinotropic action on pancreatic β cells, and their non‐insulinotropic effects, and discuss their potential in treatment of type 2 diabetes. (J Diabetes Invest, doi: 10.1111/j.2040‐1124.2010.00022.x, 2010)
Some non asymptotic tail estimates for Hawkes processes

We use the Poisson cluster process structure of a Hawkes process to derive non asymptotic estimates of the tail of the extinction time, of the coupling time or of the number of points per interval. This allows us to define a family of independent Hawkes processes ; each of them approximating the initial process on a particular interval. Then we can easily derive exponential inequalities for Hawkes processes which can precise the ergodic theorem.
The extra mile deconstructed: a critical and discourse perspective on employee engagement and HRD

The paper explores the construct of employee engagement (EE) from a critical and discourse perspective. It is argued that the win-win discourse which characterizes much discussion on EE within a traditional management paradigm presents a decontextualized, depoliticized vision of the organization. The paper examines mainstream critiques of the construct of EE and the contribution of HRD, and notes that HRD processes and practices are seen as important contributors to engagement. It introduces a critical perspective on EE and HRD, viewing EE as a social construction. It highlights problematic assumption in mainstream literatures, such as of the accordance of employee and organization interests. The paper examines how the discourse ‘talks employee engagement into being’, how cultural management programmes serve to construct the ‘engaged employee’ and the impact of competing discourses. A discussion on disengagement reflects on the mismatch between Fordist work practices and EE. The paper concludes by arguing that viewing EE through a critical lens can potentially help towards an HRD practice that is focused on employee interests rather than largely on organizational interests.
The interaction between organizational justice and job characteristics: Associations with work attitudes and employee health cross-sectionally and over time

The present study investigates to what extent main and interactive effects of overall organizational justice and job characteristics shape employees’ work attitudes (organizational commitment, intention to stay) and health (mental health, somatic health) cross-sectionally and after a period of one year. Questionnaire data from 429 Swedish accountants show that generally both organizational justice and job characteristics had main effects on all outcomes at both time points. Interactions between organizational justice and job characteristics were found for every job characteristic studied (demand, control, support), for both time points but mainly for intention to stay and somatic health. The results show that perceptions of organizational justice and job characteristics can have additive and multiplicative synergetic effects for work attitudes and employee health.
Ethnolinguistic vitality, attitudes, and networks of linguistic contact: the case of the Israeli Arab minority

Les As. examinent la relation entre la perception subjective de la vitalite ethnolinguistique par des israelo-arabes et trois ensembles de variables: -les attitudes a l'egard de l'arabe (L1) et de l'hebreu (L2), -les attitudes a l'egard des locuteurs arabes et hebreux, -les reseaux de contacts linguistiques en L2
Relay-aided Interference Alignment in Wireless Networks

Resource management in wireless networks is one of the key factors in maximizing the overall throughput. Contrary to popular belief, dividing the resources in a dense network does not yield the best results. A method that has been developed recently shares the spectrum amongst all the users in such a way that each node can potentially utilize about half of all the available resources. This new technique is often referred to as Interference Alignment and excels based on the fact that the amount of the network resources assigned to a user does not go to zero as the number of users in the network increases. Unfortunately it is still very difficult to implement the interference alignment concepts in practice. This thesis investigates some of the low-complexity solutions to integrate interference alignment ideas into the existing wireless networks. In the third and fourth chapters of this thesis, it is shown that introducing relays to a quasi-static wireless network can be very beneficial in terms of achieving higher degrees of freedom. The relays store the signals being communicated in the network and then send a linear combination of those signals. Using the proposed scheme, it is shown that although the relays cannot decode the original information, they can transform the equivalent channel in such a way that performing interference alignment becomes much easier. Investigating the required output power of the relays shows that it can scale either slower or faster than the output power of the main transmitters. This opens new doors for the applications that have constraints on the accessible output powers in the network nodes. The results are valid for both X Channel and Interference Channel network topologies. In Chapter Five, the similarities between full-duplex transmitters and relays are examined. The results suggest that the transmitters can play the relay roles for offering easier interference alignment. Similar to the relay-based alignment, in the presented scheme fullduplex transmitters listen to the signals from other transmitters and use this information during the subsequent transmission periods. Studying the functionality of the full-duplex transmitters from the receivers’ side shows the benefits of having a minimal cooperation between transmitters without even being able to decode the signals. It is also proved that the degrees of freedom for the N -user Interference Channel with full-duplex transmitters can be √ N 2 . The results offer an easy way to recover a portion of degrees of freedom with manageable complexity suited for practical systems. iii
Ki67—An unsuitable marker of gastric cancer prognosis unmasks intratumoral heterogeneity

Due to contradictious findings of previous studies regarding Ki67's value in gastric cancer (GC), we reevaluated the expression of Ki67 in whole tissue sections (WTS) and tissue microarrays (TMAs) of GC testing the following hypotheses: does Ki67 show intratumoral heterogeneity; are TMAs representative in the determination of the Ki67 proliferation index (PI); is the Ki67 PI subject to an intralaboratory variability; and is the Ki67 PI related to clinico‐pathological patient characteristics and/or prognostically relevant in GC.
Study on the deep-charging protection technology of space polymers modified by inorganic filler

The conduction modification is an effective method to raise the releasing ability of deposited charge and to weaken the level of deep charging in polymers under space environments. The inorganic semi-conductive filler was here chosen to modify the polytetrafluoroethylene(PTFE) and polyimide(PI). With this particular filler, the conduction properties of the composites varying with the temperature and electrostatic field were measured. The experimental results indicate that, the volume conduction properties are significantly affected by the content of filler. With different content of filler, the temperature-dependent conduction property shows a regular variation and the threshold field of nonlinear conduction property under different temperatures declines obviously in particular. The modified polymer, as a new type of functional composites with reasonable conduction properties, are considered to limit the level of deep charging in the space polymers to a safe degree.
How it feels to be a midwife ventouse practitioner

This article is a personal account of some of the thoughts and feelings of a midwife ventouse practitioner. I consciously employ the first person singular, as the article is not intended to be an objective account, on the contrary it is intended to complement the ‘harder’ factual ventouse articles recently published, by taking a more qualitative and reflective approach. The article gives an overview of my experience of training. It describes some of my personal philosophy and how I relate this to my practice. I touch on issues such as the temptation to intervene inappropriately, coping with failure, and minimizing disempowerment of the labouring woman.
Emerging South-East Asian Englishes and intelligibility

An English lingua franca seems to be emerging in the ten ASEAN countries, and this paper investigates features of the pronunciation of this lingua franca. Twenty speakers, two from each of the ASEAN countries, were recorded while they were conversing in groups of three or four people, all from a different country. The speech that they used is analysed to identify shared features of pronunciation, especially to evaluate the effect that these features have on intelligibility, and it is argued that some of their shared non-standard features actually enhance intelligibility. Finally, some of the misunderstandings that occurred are analysed to determine the extent to which pronunciation played a part, and it is found that only those features of pronunciation not shared by speakers from other ASEAN countries resulted in a break-down in communication.
An antibody to IP-10 is a potent antagonist of cell migration in vitro and in vivo and does not affect disease in several animal models of inflammation

IP-10 secretion is induced by pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediates the migration of CXCR3+ cells. Its elevation in clinical samples has been associated with multiple inflammatory diseases and its antagonism has been reported to be effective in several animal models of inflammatory disease. We generated a mouse anti-mouse IP-10 monoclonal antibody (mAb; Clone 20A9) that specifically bound murine IP-10 with high affinity and inhibited in vitro IP-10 induced BaF3/mCXCR3 cell migration with an IC50 of ∼4 nM. The 20A9 mAb was completely absorbed in vivo and had dose proportional pharmacokinetic exposure with a serum half life of 2.4–6 days. The 20A9 mAb inhibited IP-10 mediated T-cell recruitment to the airways, indicating that it is effective in vivo. However, administration of the 20A9 mAb had no significant effect on disease in mouse models of delayed type hypersensitivity, collagen induced arthritis, cardiac allograft transplantation tolerance, EAE or CD4+ CD45RBHi T-cell transfer-induced IBD. These data suggest that the 20A9 mAb can antagonize IP-10 mediated chemotaxis in vitro and in vivo and that this is insufficient to cause a therapeutic benefit in multiple mouse models of inflammatory disease.
Cardioprotective potential of Punica granatum extract in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in Wistar rats

Objective: To determine the protective role of Punica granatum L. (Punicaceae) seed juice extract and its butanolic fraction on heart rate, electrocardiographic patterns, vascular reactivity to catecholamines, cardiac marker enzymes, antioxidant enzymes together with morphologic and histopathological changes in isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction in male Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: The effects of Punica granatum seed juice extract (100 mg/kg, p.o. and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) and butanolic fraction of Punica granatum seed juice extract (100 mg/kg., p.o.) on cardiac parameters were studied. Isoproterenol hydrochloride was used to induce myocardial infarction in Wistar rats. At the end of the experiment, heart rate, ECG, pressure rate index and cardiac marker enzyme levels were assessed. Results: Rats treated with isoproterenol (85 mg/kg, administered subcutaneously twice at an interval of 24 h) showed a significant increase in heart rate, ST elevation in ECG, pressure rate index and a significant increase in the levels of cardiac marker enzymes- lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase in serum. Isoproterenol significantly reduced superoxide dismutase and catalase activity and increased vascular reactivity to various catecholamines. Pretreatment with PJ (100 mg/kg, p.o. and 300 mg/kg, p.o.) and B-PJ (100 mg/kg., p.o.) for a period of 21 days significantly inhibited the effects of ISO on heart rate, PRI, ECG patterns, levels of LDH, CK, SOD, CAT, and vascular reactivity changes. Treatment with PJ (100 mg/kg and 300 mg/kg) and B-PJ (100 mg/kg., p.o.) alone did not alter any of the parameters as compared to vehicle-treated Wistar rats. Punica granatum-treated animals showed a lesser degree of cellular infiltration in histopathological studies. Conclusion: Punica granatum ameliorates cardiotoxic effects of isoproterenol and may be of value in the treatment of MI.
Relations as an abstraction for BDD-based program analysis

In this article we present Jedd, a language extension to Java that supports a convenient way of programming with Binary Decision Diagrams (BDDs). The Jedd language abstracts BDDs as database-style relations and operations on relations, and provides static type rules to ensure that relational operations are used correctly. The article provides a description of the Jedd language and reports on the design and implementation of the Jedd translator and associated runtime system. Of particular interest is the approach to assigning attributes from the high-level relations to physical domains in the underlying BDDs, which is done by expressing the constraints as a SAT problem and using a modern SAT solver to compute the solution. Further, a runtime system is defined that handles memory management issues and supports a browsable profiling tool for tuning the key BDD operations. The motivation for designing Jedd was to support the development of interrelated whole program analyses based on BDDs. We have successfully used Jedd to build Paddle, a framework of context-sensitive program analyses, including points-to analysis and call graph construction, as well as several client analyses.