Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Hypersensitivity to Social Rejection and Perceived Stress as Mediators between Attachment Anxiety and Future Burnout: A Prospective Analysis

Drawing on Sociometer Theory, the current study examined whether the tendency to focus on and worry about social rejection at the workplace can predict stress and burnout. Data were collected at two time points from 231 hotel employees. Prospective-longitudinal design, structural equation modeling analyses revealed that participants' hypersensitivity to social rejection at the workplace predicted an increase in stress and in burnout across the 1 month of participation. Furthermore, the findings revealed that hypersensitivity to social rejection fully mediated the link between attachment anxiety and future stress and that hypersensitivity to social rejection and stress fully mediated the link between attachment anxiety and future burnout. Approximately 64 per cent of the variance in future burnout was explained by these variables. The results demonstrate the significant role social evaluative stressors play in the development of stress responses at the workplace. S’appuyant sur la sociometer theory, la presente etude examine si la tendance a se preoccuper et s’inquieter du rejet social sur le lieu de travail peut predire le stress et l’epuisement. Les donnees ont ete collectees par deux fois aupres de 231 employes d’hotellerie. Le traitement des etudes longitudinales par des analyses de modelisation par equations structurelles revele que l’hypersensibilite des sujets au rejet sur le lieu de travail contribue a une augmentation du stress et de l’epuisement au cours du mois de participation. Les conclusions soulignent que l’hypersensibilite au rejet social est totalement influencee par le lien entre anxiete, attachement et stress futur et que l’hypersensibilite au rejet social et au stress est totalement influencee par le lien entre anxiete, attachement et epuisement a venir. Approximativement 64% de la variance de l’epuisement a venir est explique par ces variables. Les resultats montrent le role significatif joue par des sources de stress liees au jugement social d’autrui dans le developpement des reponses de stress sur le lieu de travail.
Stereotypes and Self-Stereotypes: Evidence from Teachers’ Gender Bias∗

I study the impact of exposure to gender-biased teachers on student achievement and self-confidence. The gender gap in math performance substantially increases when students are quasi-randomly assigned to teachers with stronger stereotypes (as measured by an implicit association test). The effect is driven by lower performance of female students, while there is no impact on males. Teacher bias induces females to self-select into less demanding high-schools, following the track recommendation of their teachers. Finally, teacher bias has a substantial negative impact on females’ assessment of their own math ability. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that ability-stigmatized groups underperform and fail to achieve their potential. JEL: J16, J24, I24.
Tumor heterogeneity assessed by texture analysis on contrast-enhanced CT in lung adenocarcinoma: association with pathologic grade

Objectives To investigate whether texture features on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) images of lung adenocarcinoma have association with pathologic grade. Methods A cohort of 148 patients with surgically operated adenocarcinoma was retrospectively reviewed. Fifty-four CT features of the primary lung tumor were extracted from CECT images using open-source 3D Slicer software; meanwhile, enhancement homogeneity was evaluated by two radiologists using visual assessment. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to determine significant image indicator of pathologic grade. Results Tumors of intermediate grade were more likely to be never smokers (P=0.020). Enhancement heterogeneity by visual assessment showed no statistical difference between intermediate grade and high grade (P=0.671). Among those 54 features, 29 of them were significantly associated with pathologic grade. Multivariate logistic regression analyses identified F33 (Homogeneity 1) (P=0.005) and F38 (Inverse Variance) (P=0.032) as unique independent image indicators of pathologic grade, and the AUC calculated from this model (AUC=0.834) was higher than clinical model (AUC=0.615) (P=0.0001). Conclusions Our study revealed that texture analysis on CECT images could be helpful in predicting pathologic grade of lung adenocarcinoma.
Pricing and Capital Allocation for Multiline Insurance Firms

We study multiline insurance companies with limited liability. Insurance premiums are determined by no-arbitrage principles. The results are developed under the realistic assumption that the losses created by insurer default are allocated among policyholders following an "ex post", pro rata, sharing rule. In general, the ratio of default costs to expected claims, and thus the ratio of premiums to expected claims, vary across insurance lines. Moreover, capital and related costs are allocated across lines in proportion to each line's share of a digital default option on the insurer. Our results expand and generalize those derived elsewhere in the literature. Copyright (c) The Journal of Risk and Insurance, 2010.
Management factors affecting calf growth and health

Two calf feeding trends are emerging in the dairy industry in the United States. Large herds often find it economical to feed pasteurized waste milk; while smaller herds are embracing technological advancements by utilizing automated calf milk feeders. Housing of calves varies depending on feeding mechanism. Calves fed using autofeeders are grouped together but large herds often find it more labor efficient to house calves individually in elevated wooden crates or polyethylene hutches. Two studies were conducted. The objective of the first field study was to evaluate the influence of diet and housing type on growth and morbidity in 84 Holstein heifer calves in a 2 by 2 factorial experimental design. Calves were housed in either polyethylene hutches or elevated wooden crates with slatted floors. Diets consisted of pasteurized waste milk or the same waste milk supplemented to provide approximately 454 g of milk replacer solids containing 25% protein and 10% fat (LOL Balancer). Calves were randomly placed in 1 of 4 treatment groups 48 h after birth and monitored until weaning (~60 d of age). Body weights and hip heights were measured at time of enrollment and weaning. Milk samples of pasteurized waste milk were obtained five times weekly to measure standard bacteriological plate count, fat, protein and total solids content. All calves were fed 3.3 L of liquid diet via bottle at 0730 and 1530 h. Calves were monitored daily for respiratory and digestive illness and treated according to established protocols. Pasteurized waste milk contained 332,171 ± 733,487 cfu/ mL, 3.51 ± 0.59% fat, 3.13 ± 0.30% protein, and 11.64 ± 1.05% total solids. Housing (P = 0.02) and diet (P = 0.01) affected weight gain, but there was no interaction. Least squares average daily gain for crate and hutches were 0.52 ± 0.024 and 0.59 ± 0.024 kg/d. Least squares average daily gain for
Penrose limits, supergravity and brane dynamics

We investigate the Penrose limits of classical string and M-theory backgrounds. We prove that the number of (super)symmetries of a supergravity background never decreases in the limit. We classify all the possible Penrose limits of AdS ? S spacetimes and of supergravity brane solutions. We also present the Penrose limits of various other solutions: intersecting branes, supersymmetric black holes and strings in diverse dimensions, and cosmological models. We explore the Penrose limit of an isometrically embedded spacetime and find a generalization to spaces with more than one time. Finally, we show that the Penrose limit is a large tension limit for all branes including those with fields of Born? Infeld type.
Autophagy protects C. elegans against necrosis during Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection

Significance The autophagy machinery functions as an innate immune defense mechanism to eliminate intracellular pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. However, the alternative functions of autophagy in innate immunity remain unknown. Using the metazoan Caenorhabditis elegans as a model system, we show that autophagy plays a crucial role in host defense against a pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The function of autophagy lies not to directly diminish P. aeruginosa, but instead to neutralize necrosis imposed by the pathogen. These findings indicate that autophagy possesses multifaceted functions that modulate infectious and inflammatory diseases. Autophagy, a conserved pathway that delivers intracellular materials into lysosomes for degradation, is involved in development, aging, and a variety of diseases. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that autophagy plays a protective role against infectious diseases by diminishing intracellular pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and parasites. However, the mechanism by which autophagy regulates innate immunity remains largely unknown. Here, we show that autophagy is involved in host defense against a pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the metazoan Caenorhabditis elegans. P. aeruginosa infection induces autophagy via a conserved extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). Intriguingly, impairment of autophagy does not influence the intestinal accumulation of P. aeruginosa, but instead induces intestinal necrosis. Inhibition of necrosis results in the survival of autophagy-deficient worms after P. aeruginosa infection. These findings reveal a previously unidentified role for autophagy in protection against necrosis triggered by pathogenic bacteria in C. elegans and implicate that such a function of autophagy may be conserved through the inflammatory response in diverse organisms.
Motor performance in different dynamic tests in knee rehabilitation

Functional dynamic tests are increasingly used in rehabilitation after injuries of the lower extremities. In these tests quantitative measures (e.g. time, height, distance) are mainly used as parameters, whereas the quality of the neuromuscular performance is poorly evaluated. In the present study the neuromuscular performance of leg muscles in different motor tasks was investigated 10–16 months after ACL‐reconstruction. In 39 subjects with arthroscopically assisted ACL‐reconstruction and 20 controls, isometric knee extensor strength, thigh circumference, knee stability, subjective knee function and the neuromuscular performance (by kinematic data and EMG) during three dynamic tests (stair descending, one‐legged drop jump, one‐legged cyclic hops) were measured. During the strength measurements a superimposed twitch technique was used for the detection of neuromuscular inhibition. The results demonstrate a significantly reduced Lysholm‐Score and a distinct strength deficit, but no neuromuscular inhibition and no differences in knee stability in the operated leg. Besides reduced motor abilities of the injured leg, significant differences of the neuromuscular performance could be detected. It was evident that different test conditions revealed different persisting changes of the neuromuscular performance, which could not be detected by kinematic parameters alone.
Conhecimento e Atitude de Futuros Profissionais da Saúde em Relação à Sexualidade na Velhice

Goal – To understand the knowledge and attitudes of university students specializing in the health care area about sexuality among an elderly population. The student population has demonstrated a reasonable knowledge of the subject and their attitude is relatively liberal. Nevertheless it is still important to plan and implementprograms to deal with the stereotypes related to the concept of sexuality in the elderly. The level of knowledge and existing attitudes towards the subject impacts their professional performance.
Screening for Familial APP Mutations in Sporadic Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy

Background Advances in genetic technology have revealed that variation in the same gene can cause both rare familial and common sporadic forms of the same disease. Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), a common cause of symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in the elderly, can also occur in families in an autosomal dominant pattern. The majority of affected families harbor mutations in the Beta amyloid Peptide (Aβ) coding region of the gene for amyloid precursor protein (APP) or have duplications of chromosomal segments containing APP. Methodology/Principal Findings A total of 58 subjects with a diagnosis of probable or definite CAA according to validated criteria were included in the present study. We sequenced the Aβ coding region of APP in 58 individuals and performed multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification to determine APP gene dosage in 60. No patient harbored a known or novel APP mutation or gene duplication. The frequency of mutations investigated in the present study is estimated to range from 0% to 8% in individuals with probable CAA in the general population, based on the ascertained sample size. Conclusions/Significance We found no evidence that variants at loci associated with familial CAA play a role in sporadic CAA. Based on our findings, these rare highly-penetrant mutations are unlikely to be seen in sporadic CAA patients. Therefore, our results do not support systematic genetic screening of CAA patients who lack a strong family history of hemorrhage or dementia.
Biology and novel treatment options for XLA, the most common monogenetic immunodeficiency in man

Introduction: X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is the most common primary immunodeficiency in man, and is caused by a single genetic defect. Inactivating mutations in the Bruton's tyrosine kinase (BTK) gene are invariably the cause of XLA,. XLA is characterized by a differentiation arrest at the pre-B cell stage, the absence of immunoglobulins and recurrent bacterial infections, making it an insidious disease that gradually disables the patient, and can result in death due to chronic lung disease. Current treatment involves prophylactic antibiotics and immunoglobulin infusions, which are non-curative. This disease is a good candidate for curative hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-based gene therapy, which could correct the B cell and myeloid deficiencies. Areas covered: This paper reviews the basic biology of BTK in B cell development, the clinical features of XLA, and the possibilities of gene therapy for XLA, covering the literature from 1995 to 2010. Expert opinion: Work from various laboratories demonstrates the feasibility of using gene-corrected HSCs to complement the immune defects of Btk-deficiency in mice. We propose that it is timely to start clinical programs to develop stem cell based therapy for XLA, using gene-corrected autologous HSC.
Determinants of User Involvement in Software Projects

The paper presents results of an empirical inquiry into factors that influence users' involvement during custom software development project. Phase-1 of the study uses focus group interviews to understand the process of user involvement in a software project. This culminates into a "user involvement enabler model" which combines the related antecedents into a structural equation model in order to explain the process. In phase-2, the model is validated based on a questionnaire survey. Survey responses identify two sets of factors i.e. "perceived project importance", and "perceived ease of user participation" to be the primary drivers behind "user intention towards participation" leading to involvement. Other significant antecedents influencing the process are also discovered. The outcome of this study is expected to guide level of user involvement towards reduction of project risk.
Oxygenation, Ventilation, and Airway Management in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Review

Recently published evidence has challenged some protocols related to oxygenation, ventilation, and airway management for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Interrupting chest compressions to attempt airway intervention in the early stages of OHCA in adults may worsen patient outcomes. The change of BLS algorithms from ABC to CAB was recommended by the AHA in 2010. Passive insufflation of oxygen into a patent airway may provide oxygenation in the early stages of cardiac arrest. Various alternatives to tracheal intubation or bag-mask ventilation have been trialled for prehospital airway management. Simple methods of airway management are associated with similar outcomes as tracheal intubation in patients with OHCA. The insertion of a laryngeal mask airway is probably associated with worse neurologically intact survival rates in comparison with other methods of airway management. Hyperoxemia following OHCA may have a deleterious effect on the neurological recovery of patients. Extracorporeal oxygenation techniques have been utilized by specialized centers, though their use in OHCA remains controversial. Chest hyperinflation and positive airway pressure may have a negative impact on hemodynamics during resuscitation and should be avoided. Dyscarbia in the postresuscitation period is relatively common, mainly in association with therapeutic hypothermia, and may worsen neurological outcome.
Identification of interaction domains of the prion protein with its 37‐kDa/67‐kDa laminin receptor

Cell‐binding and internalization studies on neuronal and non‐neuronal cells have demonstrated that the 37‐kDa/67‐kDa laminin receptor (LRP/LR) acts as the receptor for the cellular prion protein (PrP). Here we identify direct and heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG)‐dependent interaction sites mediating the binding of the cellular PrP to its receptor, which we demonstrated in vitro on recombinant proteins. Mapping analyses in the yeast two‐hybrid system and cell‐binding assays identified PrPLRPbd1 [amino acids (aa) 144–179] as a direct and PrPLRPbd2 (aa 53–93) as an indirect HSPG‐dependent laminin receptor precursor (LRP)‐binding site on PrP. The yeast two‐hybrid system localized the direct PrP‐binding domain on LRP between aa 161 and 179. Expression of an LRP mutant lacking the direct PrP‐binding domain in wild‐type and mutant HSPG‐deficient Chinese hamster ovary cells by the Semliki Forest virus system demonstrates a second HSPG‐dependent PrP‐binding site on LRP. Considering the absence of LRP homodimerization and the direct and indirect LRP–PrP interaction sites, we propose a comprehensive model for the LRP–PrP–HSPG complex.
The challenge of targeted therapies for gastric cancer patients: the beginning of a long journey

Introduction: Despite significant improvements in systemic chemotherapy over the last two decades, the prognosis of patients with advanced disease remains dismal. Collaborative, high-quality research and advances in high-throughput technologies have contributed to elucidate molecular pathways underpinning disease progression and have stimulated many clinical studies testing target therapies in the advanced disease setting. Although progress has been made thanks to trastuzumab in HER2 positive tumours, antiangiogenic drugs have produced conflicting results and EGFR-inhibitors have failed to show major improvements. Areas covered: While commenting on the results of many key Phase III randomized trials, the Authors discuss the most promising classes of novel targeted agents and present the current challenges toward a customized treatment. Expert opinion: Palliative chemotherapy became the worldwide standard of care for patients with advanced gastric cancers, producing significant life prolongation and improvement of life quality. Nevertheless, long-term outcomes of those patients remain poor. Because of the encouraging advancement in novel targeted therapies, such a disappointing scenario is now evolving. While results serve as a springboard for future research, more comprehensive efforts are needed to clarify the biological mechanisms underpinning cancer progression and help clinicians to develop new effective treatments.
Evaluating Theories of Language: Evidence from Disordered Communication

One approach to the study of language has been to describe people whose ability to communicate is impaired. Some researchers have argued that it is possible to identify the component mental processes that contribute to the ability to communicate by describing the ways in which language can break down. Other researchers have expressed doubts about the extent to which data from impairment reflects normal language function. This volume reflects the problems of constructing theory of how the normal brain deals with language from data from impaired individuals from the perspective of a range of disciplines: psycholinguistics, linguistics, neurophysiology and speech-language pathology. The chapters include critiques of methodology; application of new technology; the study of bilingual people; and cross-linguistic studies. A range of language skills is discussed (phonology, prosody, syntax, semantics, reading and spelling) in the context of both developmental and acquired impairments (hearing loss, cerebellar dysarthria, sub-cortical aphasia, cortical aphasia, phonological disorder, and dyslexia). This book icludes contributions from researchers and clinicians on both sides of the Atlantic as well as from Australia and Hong Kong.
Rapid Synthesis of New DNMT Inhibitors Derivatives of Procainamide

DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) are responsible for DNA methylation, an epigenetic modification involved in gene regulation. Families of conjugates of procainamide, an inhibitor of DNMT1, were conceived and produced by rapid synthetic pathways. Six compounds resulted in potent inhibitors of the murine catalytic Dnmt3A/3L complex and of human DNMT1, at least 50 times greater than that of the parent compounds. The inhibitors showed selectivity for C5 DNA methyltransferases. The cytotoxicity of the inhibitors was validated on two tumour cell lines (DU145 and HCT116) and correlated with the DNMT inhibitory potency. The inhibition potency of procainamide conjugated to phthalimide through alkyl linkers depended on the length of the linker; the dodecane linker was the best.
The role of anxiety in the development, maintenance, and treatment of childhood aggression

Abstract The majority of aggressive children exhibit symptoms of anxiety, yet none of our developmental models of aggression incorporate the role of anxiety, and our treatments ignore this comorbidity. This article outlines a novel theoretical model that specifies three hypotheses about comorbid anxious and aggressive children: (a) unpredictable parenting induces anxiety in children that in turn triggers aggressive behavior; (b) prolonged periods of anxiety deplete children's capacity to inhibit impulses and trigger bouts of aggression, and aggression in turn functions to regulate levels of anxiety; and (c) minor daily stressors give rise to anxiety while cognitive perseveration maintains anxious moods, increasingly disposing children to aggress. Little or no research has directly tested these hypotheses. Extant research and theory consistent with these claims are herein reviewed, and future research designs that can test them specifically are suggested. The clinical implications most relevant to the hypotheses are discussed, and to improve the efficacy of treatments for childhood aggression, it is proposed that anxiety may need to be the primary target of treatment.