Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Value of Intra-organizational Social Capital: How it Fosters Knowledge Transfer, Innovation Performance, and Growth

While most literature promotes a positive impact of social capital on various organizational performance outcomes, empirical results on the social capital—organizational performance link are not conclusive. We propose that one reason for the discordant findings is that research has largely not accounted for the mediating process steps that translate social capital into organizational performance outcomes. We suggest that organizational performance outcomes of organization members’ social capital hinge on the mediating processes of resource mobilization, assimilation, and use. An empirical study of 218 projects in the German engineering industry supports our theoretical model. Findings show that knowledge transfer (conceptualized as the mobilization, assimilation, and use of knowledge resources) mediates between organization members’ intra-organizational social capital and organizational performance outcomes of growth and innovation performance. The present study thus contributes to a deeper understanding of the value of intra-organizational social capital.
Social Aspects of Urban Forestry: the Role of Arboriculture in a Healthy Social Ecology

In urban communities, arboriculture clearly contributes to the health of the biological ecosystem; does it contribute to the health of the social ecosystem as well? Evidence from studies in inner-city Chicago suggests so. In a series of studies involving over 1,300 person–space observations, 400 interviews, housing authority records, and 2 years of police crime reports, tree and grass cover were systematically linked to a wide range of social ecosystem indicators. These indicators included stronger ties among neighbors, greater sense of safety and adjustment, more supervision of children in outdoor spaces, healthier patterns of children’s play, more use of neighborhood common spaces, fewer incivilities, fewer property crimes, and fewer violent crimes. The link between arboriculture and a healthier social ecosystem turns out to be surprisingly simple to explain. In residential areas, barren, treeless spaces often become “no man’s lands,” which discourage resident interaction and invite crime. The presence of trees and well-maintained grass can transform these no man’s lands into pleasant, welcoming, well-used spaces. Vital, well-used neighborhood common spaces serve to both strengthen ties among residents and deter crime, thereby creating healthier, safer neighborhoods.
The Kernel of Truth in Judgments of Deceptiveness

We investigated the relation between appearance-based impressions of honesty and individuals' willingness to engage in deceptive behaviors. The data reveal that people who were thought to look dishonest were more likely to volunteer to participate in research that was described as requiring deception on their part than were individuals who were perceived to look honest. The data are consistent with the predictions of a self-fulfilling prophecy model of social behavior, as well as recent research that documents a kernel of truth in appearance-based impressions. The results further suggest that naive judgments of deception are more accurate than has been supposed.
Feelings and Emotions in Deaf Adolescents

Abstract The objective of this study is to explore the feelings and emotions of deaf adolescents. The study examines the emotional domain of 34 prelingual severely and profoundly deaf adolescents, matched by sex and age with hearing class peers. A sentence completion task (Loeb and Sarigiani, 1986) is employed to assess such feelings as happiness, sadness, preferences, their desire for change and their personal perception of the consequences of deafness. The results indicate that there are no significant differences between the deaf and hearing adolescents in terms of their feelings of sadness or when expressing what they like most. However, they do differ in what makes them happiest and the things they would like to change. The degree of hearing loss, sex and age of the deaf adolescents led to certain significant differences. The responses obtained suggest the need to implement socio-educational programmes to deaf students that stimulate them to establish friendships and encourage them to have a broader awareness of their social environment. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Teriparatide Treatment Improves Bone Defect Healing Via Anabolic Effects on New Bone Formation and Non‐Anabolic Effects on Inhibition of Mast Cells in a Murine Cranial Window Model

Investigations of teriparatide (recombinant parathyroid hormone [rPTH]) as a potential treatment for critical defects have demonstrated the predicted anabolic effects on bone formation, and significant non‐anabolic effects on healing via undefined mechanisms. Specifically, studies in murine models of structural allograft healing demonstrated that rPTH treatment increased angiogenesis (vessels <30 μm), and decreased arteriogenesis (>30 μm) and mast cell numbers, which lead to decreased fibrosis and accelerated healing. To better understand these non‐anabolic effects, we interrogated osteogenesis, vasculogenesis, and mast cell accumulation in mice randomized to placebo (saline), rPTH (20 μg/kg/2 days), or the mast cell inhibitor sodium cromolyn (SC) (24 μg/kg/ 2days), via longitudinal micro–computed tomography (μCT) and multiphoton laser scanning microscopy (MPLSM), in a critical calvaria defect model. μCT demonstrated that SC significantly increased defect window closure and new bone volume versus placebo (p < 0.05), although these effects were not as great as rPTH. Interestingly, both rPTH and SC have similar inhibitory effects on arteriogenesis versus placebo (p < 0.05) without affecting total vascular volume. MPLSM time‐course studies in untreated mice revealed that large numbers of mast cells were detected 1 day postoperation (43 ± 17), peaked at 6 days (76 ± 6), and were still present in the critical defect at the end of the experiment on day 30 (20 ± 12). In contrast, angiogenesis was not observed until day 4, and functional vessels were first observed on 6 days, demonstrating that mast cell accumulation precedes vasculogenesis. To confirm a direct role of mast cells on osteogenesis and vasculogenesis, we demonstrated that specific diphtheria toxin‐α deletion in Mcpt5‐Cre‐iDTR mice results in similar affects as SC treatment in WT mice. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that mast cells inhibit bone defect healing by stimulating arteriogenesis associated with fibrotic scaring, and that an efficacious non‐anabolic effect of rPTH therapy on bone repair is suppression of arteriogenesis and fibrosis secondary to mast cell inhibition. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
The examination of the readiness levels of teacher candidates for online learning in terms of various variables / Öğretmen adaylarının çevrimiçi öğrenmeye hazır bulunuşluk düzeylerinin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi

The purpose of this study is to present whether the readiness levels of teacher candidates for online learning differ according to the variables like gender, age, department and employment. In accordance with this purpose, 599 third and fourth grade teacher candidates in three accessible state universities were chosen as participants by the researchers through convenience sampling method. Online learning readiness scale was used in this study to measure the readiness levels of teacher candidates for online learning. Measurement tools were distributed and obtained by the researchers and analyses were released through using statistical software programs. For the analysis of the data, t-test and one- way ANOVA analyses were done for unrelated samples. According to the results of the analyses, while there is a significant difference in teacher candidates’ self-directed learning in terms of their gender, significant differences were not found in terms of their computer/internet self-efficacy, control, motivation for learning and online communication self-efficacy. It was found that female teacher candidates had higher points in self-directed learning. It was found that teacher candidates did not show significant difference in terms of their sub factor readiness levels according to their department and age. While there is a significant difference in teacher candidates’ motivation for learning, it was not found a significant difference in their computer/internet self-efficacy, control, and online communication self-efficacy and self-directed learning self-efficacy. It was found that teacher candidates having no job had higher motivation in the motivation for learning dimension.
Aceclofenac oil drops: characterization and evaluation against ocular inflammation

Abstract Ocular inflammatory diseases, such as uveitis, scleritis, episcleritis and dry eye syndrome are commonly treated with eye drop formulations. In the present study, attempts were made to prepare aceclofenac oil formulations to evaluate its transcorneal permeation and anti-inflammatory effect. Ophthalmic solutions of aceclofenac with or without (0.5% v/v) benzyl alcohol were formulated in different vegetable oils and permeation studies were carried out. Aceclofenac ophthalmic solution in linseed oil containing benzyl alcohol exhibited maximum permeation (4.42% in goat, 4.26% in sheep and 3.94% in buffalo) through corneas under study. The partition characteristics of aceclofenac in linseed oil reinforced the results of permeation studies. The optimized formulation (linseed oil containing benzyl alcohol) showed better stability profile. Linseed oil aceclofenac formulation showed significant inhibitory effect on ocular inflammation induced by arachidonic acid in rabbit eyes (p < .05) and hence it can be considered as a potential approach for treatment of ocular inflammatory conditions.
Influence of drinking water and diet on the stable-hydrogen isotope ratios of animal tissues.

Despite considerable interest in using stable-hydrogen isotope ratio (deltaD) measurements in ecological research, it was previously unknown whether hydrogen derived from drinking water, in addition to that derived from diet, contributed to the nonexchangeable hydrogen in animal tissues. We raised four experimental groups of quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica) from hatch on two isotopically distinct diets (mean nonexchangeable deltaD: -146 and -60 per thousand, Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water Standard) and drinking waters (mean deltaD: -130 and +196 per thousand, Vienna Standard Mean Ocean Water Standard). Here we show that both dietary and drinking water hydrogen are incorporated into nonexchangeable hydrogen in both metabolically active (i.e., muscle, liver, blood, fat) and inactive (i.e., feather, nail) tissues. Approximately 20% of hydrogen in metabolically active quail tissues and 26-32% of feathers and nail was derived from drinking water. Our findings suggest environmental interpretations of deltaD values from modern and fossil animal tissues may need to account for potentially large isotopic differences between drinking water and food and require a good understanding of the physiological ecology of study organisms.
Comparison of Subdermal and Peritumoral Injection Techniques of Lymphoscintigraphy to Determine the Sentinel Lymph Node in Breast Cancer

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate 2 different injection techniques for lymphoscintigraphy to determine the axillary sentinel lymph node (SLN) in patients with breast cancer. Methods: Thirty-six patients with early breast cancer were studied prospectively. Both peritumoral (PT) and subdermal (SD) injections were performed on each patient with Tc-99m rhenium sulfide colloid. PT injections were done 1 to 8 days before surgery and SD injections were done on the day of operation. An intraoperative gamma probe was used to explore the axillary SLNs prior to tumor excision and axillary dissection. All surgical specimens were evaluated histopathologically. Results: In 19 of 36 patients, the same lymphatic drainage sites were observed with both techniques. Of these, 17 patients showed only axillary, 1 showed axillary and internal mammary (IM), and 1 showed axillary and subclavicular drainage sites. With PT injections 26 of 36 patients (72%), and with SD injections 33 of 36 patients (92%), showed axillary drainage and axillary SLNs. With PT injections 9 patients, and with SD injections only 2 patients, did not show any drainage site. During the operation with a gamma probe, axillary SLNs were excised in 35 patients (success rate, 97%). IM drainage was seen in 8 of 36 patients who underwent PT injections and in 3 of 36 with SD injections. Conclusion: The success rate was found to be higher with the SD injection technique than with PT injections to visualize the axillary SLN. To increase the visualization of both axillary and IM SLNs, it may be useful to perform lymphoscintigraphy with SD and PT injections together.
The Salivary Testosterone and Cortisol Response to Three Loading Schemes

This aim of this study was to examine the free hormone (in saliva) responses to squat workouts performed by recreationally weight-trained males, using either a power (8 sets of 6 reps, 45% 1 repetition maximum [1RM], 3-minute rest periods, ballistic movements), hypertrophy (10 sets of 10 reps, 75% 1RM, 2-minute rest periods, controlled movements), or maximal strength scheme (6 sets of 4 reps, 88% 1RM, 4-minute rest periods, explosive intent). To determine the relative importance of the different training variables, these schemes were equated by workout duration with the power and strength schemes also equated by load volume. Salivary testosterone (T) and cortisol (C) both increased following the hypertrophy scheme (P < 0.05), with little to no hormonal change across the power and maximal strength schemes (P > 0.05). In general, the postexercise T and C responses to the hypertrophy scheme exceeded the other two schemes (P < 0.05). The greater volume of load lifted in the hypertrophy protocol over the same workout duration may explain the endocrine differences observed. The similar T and C responses to the power and maximal strength schemes (of equal volume) support such a view and suggest that differences in load intensity, rest periods, and technique are secondary to volume. Because the acute hormonal responses to resistance exercise contribute to protein metabolism, then load volume may be the most important workout variable activating the endocrine system and stimulating muscle growth.
Estimating Relative Risk Aversion, the Discount Rate, and the Intertemporal Elasticity of Substitution in Consumption for Brazil Using Three Types of Utility Function

Using the generalized method of moments, we estimate structural parameters related to relative-risk aversion, the discount rate of future utility, and the intertemporal elasticity of substitution in consumption for the Brazilian economy. Estimates are provided for three types of utility function based on the consumption capital asset pricing model: constant relative risk aversion utility, utility with external habit, and Kreps-Porteus utility. These results are analyzed and then compared to previous results using Brazilian and U.S. data. Moreover, we perform over-identifying restrictions tests of all estimated models to investigate the possible existence of the equity premium puzzle in Brazil. The overall results show that Brazilian consumers have a relatively high discount rate, a low intertemporal elasticity of substitution, and a high relative risk aversion coefficient. Also, there is no evidence of the existence of the equity premium puzzle in Brazil.
Ethnicity, Race and Education: An Introduction

Introduction 'Why do Ethnicity and 'Race' Matter? 1. What Do We Mean By 'Race' and Ethnicity? 2. 'Race', Ethnicity and School Achievement 3. 'Race', Ethnicity and School Experience 4. 'Race', Ethnicity and Research 5. Taking Action Around 'Race' and Ethnicity Conclusions References Index.
International Journal of Information Management

Mobile banking (mBanking) enables customers to carry out their banking tasks via mobile devices. We advance the extant body of knowledge about mBanking adoption by proposing a model for understanding the importance and relationship between the user perception of mBanking, initial trust in mBanking services, and the ﬁt between the technology and mBanking task characteristics. We synergistically com-bine the strengths of three IS theories – task technology ﬁt (TTF) model, uniﬁed theory of acceptance and usage of technology (UTAUT), and initial trust model (ITM). The model was tested in a study conducted in Portugal, one of the European Union (EU) countries with the highest mobile phone adoption. Based on the sample of 194 individuals we applied partial least squares (PLS) to test the conceptual model propose. The path signiﬁcance levels were estimated using the bootstrapping method (500 resamples). The study found that facilitating conditions and behavioral intentions directly inﬂuence mBanking adoption. Initial trust, performance expectancy, technology characteristics, and task technology ﬁt have total effect on behavioral intention. The paper offers valuable insights to decision-makers involved in the implementation and deployment of mBanking services. For researchers, the paper highlights the usefulness of integrating TTF, UTAUT and ITM in the development of a decision support framework to study the adoption of new technologies.
The Information Value of Item-Level RFID in Retail Supply Chain Operations

Product availability in retail stores has become a major competitive factor. Insufficient replenishment processes and missing inventory visibility still account for a major fraction of lost sales. Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) may eliminate inventory record inaccuracy and improve the means of employees and customers to localize products. However, to date a lack of knowledge about the information value of this technology prevents a comprehensive financial evaluation. This paper proposes and demonstrates a simulation method that is able to capture the information value of item-level RFID in retail supply chain operations. Overall our results show that the ROI of item-level RFID depends on many factors. We demonstrate that a positive ROI is possible at the current price of passive RFID transponders.
SQAK: doing more with keywords

Today's enterprise databases are large and complex, often relating hundreds of entities. Enabling ordinary users to query such databases and derive value from them has been of great interest in database research. Today, keyword search over relational databases allows users to find pieces of information without having to write complicated SQL queries. However, in order to compute even simple aggregates, a user is required to write a SQL statement and can no longer use simple keywords. This not only requires the ordinary user to learn SQL, but also to learn the schema of the complex database in detail in order to correctly construct the required query. This greatly limits the options of the user who wishes to examine a database in more depth. As a solution to this problem, we propose a framework called SQAK1 (SQL Aggregates using Keywords) that enables users to pose aggregate queries using simple keywords with little or no knowledge of the schema. SQAK provides a novel and exciting way to trade-off some of the expressive power of SQL in exchange for the ability to express a large class of aggregate queries using simple keywords. SQAK accomplishes this by taking advantage of the data in the database and the schema (tables, attributes, keys, and referential constraints). SQAK does not require any changes to the database engine and can be used with any existing database. We demonstrate using several experiments that SQAK is effective and can be an enormously powerful tool for ordinary users.
La Indigenización de las Arqueologías Nacionales

Segun una concepcion extendida, los discursos metropolitanos se reproducen en la periferia en una forma mimetica a la manera como las practicas globales se reproducen en practicas locales. Por el contrario, este articulo explorara el proceso de conversion de la arqueologia metropolitana en arqueologias nacionales, que el autor llama “indigenizacion”, mostrando que en vez de reproduccion suceden complejos procesos de anexacion ydomesticacion. La reflexion estara ejemplificada por el caso colombiano.
Graduating from the Child Welfare System

Summary: Historically, insufficient resources and assistance have been provided to young people leaving state care. This article provides a case study of the campaign for leaving care services in Victoria. Findings: Young people leaving care experience homelessness, early parenthood, loneliness, depression, poverty, and involvement with the juvenile justice system. Attention is drawn to the key arguments for after-care supports for young people leaving care, the consumer and provider lobby groups that have driven the policy debate, the outcomes of existing services, and the barriers (particularly in Australia) to the creation of effective services. Applications: Supports and services that are needed to ensure improved outcomes for care leavers are identified. These include the provision of stable and supportive placements with a positive attitude to education, maintenance of links with either family members or community supports, a flexible and functional process for graduating from dependence to interdependence, the active involvement of young people in the leaving care planning and decision-making process, the availability of a range of accommodation options, and ongoing support as required.
Economics and psychology : a promising new cross-disciplinary field

The integration of economics and psychology has created a vibrant and fruitful emerging field of study. The essays in Economics and Psychology take a broad view of the interface between these two disciplines, going beyond the usual focus on "behavioral economics. " As documented in this volume, the influence of psychology on economics has been responsible for a view of human behavior that calls into question the assumption of complete rationality (and raises the possibility of altruistic acts), the acceptance of experiments as a valid method of economic research, and the idea that utility or well-being can be measured. The contributors, all leading researchers in the field, offer state-of-the-art discussions of such topics as pro-social behavior and the role of conditional cooperation and trust, happiness research as an empirical tool, the potential of neuroeconomics as a way to deepen understanding of individual decision making, and procedural utility as a concept that captures the well-being people derive directly from the processes and conditions leading to outcomes. Taken together, the essays in Economics and Psychology offer an assessment of where this new interdisciplinary field stands and what directions are most promising for future research, providing a useful guide for economists, psychologists, and social scientists.
Keeping Control: The Importance of Nonverbal Expressions of Power by Organizational Spokespersons in Times of Crisis

This paper examines the impact of nonverbal expressions of power by organizational spokespersons during different crisis stages. Study 1 investigates how vocal nonverbal cues express power during crises and how this affects perceptions of spokespersons. The results illustrate that a spokesperson who speaks with a lowered voice pitch, which expresses power, appears more competent than one with a raised voice pitch. Study 2 examines the moderating influence of crisis stage on the impact of visual nonverbal cues. During a crisis, powerful nonverbal behaviors minimize reputational damage through an increase in perceived competence of the spokesperson. In the aftermath of a crisis, powerless nonverbal behaviors positively affect the organizational reputation through an intermediate effect on perceived sincerity of the spokesperson.