Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regulation of CXCR4-Mediated Invasion by DARPP-32 in Gastric Cancer Cells

Although Dopamine and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein, Mr 32000 (DARPP-32) is overexpressed in two-thirds of gastric cancers, its impact on molecular functions has not been fully characterized. In this study, we examined the role of DARPP-32 in gastric cancer cell invasion. Using matrigel-coated Boyden chamber invasion assay, DARPP-32-overexpressing AGS cells showed a three-fold increase in invasion relative to the vector control (P < 0.01). We also tested the transendothelial cell invasion as a measure of cell aggressiveness using the impedance-based human umbilical vein endothelial cells invasion assay and obtained similar results (P < 0.001). Western blot analysis indicated that overexpression of DARPP-32 mediated an increase in the membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) and CXCR4 protein levels. Consistent with the role of MT1-MMP in cleaving extracellular matrix proteins initiating the activation of soluble MMPs, we detected a robust increase in MMP-2 activity in DARPP-32-overexpressing cells. The knockdown of endogenous DARPP-32 in the MKN-45 cells reversed these signaling events and decreased cell invasive activity. We tested whether the invasive activity mediated by DARPP-32 might involve sustained signaling via CXCR4-dependent activation of the MT1-MMP/MMP-2 pathway. The small-molecule CXCR4 antagonist (AMD3100) and CXCR4-siRNA blocked DARPP-32-induced cell invasion. We further examined our hypothesis that DARPP-32 could interact with CXCR4 and stabilize its levels following stimulation with its ligand, CXCL12. Using reciprocal coimmunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence experiments, we found that DARPP-32 and CXCR4 coexist in the same protein complex. DARPP-32 prolonged the CXCR4 protein half-life and reduced ubiquitination of the CXCR4 protein, following treatment with its ligand, CXCL12. In conclusion, these findings show a novel mechanism by which DARPP-32 promotes cell invasion by regulating CXCR4-mediated activation of the MT1-MMP/MMP-2 pathway. Mol Cancer Res; 11(1); 86–94. ©2012 AACR.
Low frequency of HLA‐A*0201 allele in patients with Epstein‐Barr virus‐positive nasal lymphomas with polymorphic reticulosis morphology

Lymphoproliferative diseases of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses occur frequently in Asian countries and are histologically categorized as monomorphic ordinary lymphoma and polymorphic reticulosis (PR) with apparent inflammatory cell infiltration. The large atypical cells in PR show natural‐killer cell nature and frequently contain Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV) DNA. Among the EBV genes involved in latent infection, those encoding EBV latent membrane proteins are frequently expressed in PR. Several cytotoxic T‐lymphocyte (CTL) defined epitopes have been mapped to latent membrane proteins restricted with HLA‐A2, ‐A11 or ‐A24 antigens. Thus, the HLA‐A allele may affect the development of PR. To examine this possibility, HLA‐A alleles of 25 patients with EBV+ PR were determined with low‐resolution polymerase chain reaction‐based typing using HLA‐A locus sequence‐specific primer combinations. The frequency of HLA‐A alleles including HLA‐A2 and ‐A24 antigens in PR patients was lower than that in the normal Japanese population, but the difference was not significant. Since HLA‐A2‐restricted CTL responses are well delineated at the A2‐subtype level, the A2‐subtype of PR cases with HLA‐A2 antigen was further determined by high‐resolution genetic typing. The frequency of HLA‐A*0201 in PR was significantly lower than in the normal population (p=0.0314). The HLA‐A*0201‐restricted CTL responses may thus function in vivo to suppress the development of overt lymphoma. Int. J. Cancer 87:195–199, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
IMPROVED log(gf ) VALUES OF SELECTED LINES IN Mn i AND Mn ii FOR ABUNDANCE DETERMINATIONS IN FGK DWARFS AND GIANTS

The goal of the present work is to produce transition probabilities with very low uncertainties for a selected set of multiplets of Mn i and Mn ii. Multiplets are chosen based upon their suitability for stellar abundance analysis. We report on new radiative lifetime measurements for 22 levels of Mn i from the e8D, z6P, z6D, z4F, e8S, and e6S terms and six levels of Mn ii from the z5P and z7P terms using time-resolved laser-induced fluorescence on a slow atom/ion beam. New branching fractions for transitions from these levels, measured using a Fourier-transform spectrometer, are reported. When combined, these measurements yield transition probabilities for 47 transitions of Mn i and 15 transitions of Mn ii. Comparisons are made to data from the literature and to Russell–Saunders (LS) theory. In keeping with the goal of producing a set of transition probabilities with the highest possible accuracy and precision, we recommend a weighted mean result incorporating our measurements on Mn i and ii as well as independent measurements or calculations that we view as reliable and of a quality similar to ours. In a forthcoming paper, these Mn i/ii transition probability data will be utilized to derive the Mn abundance in stars with spectra from both space-based and ground-based facilities over a 4000 Å wavelength range. With the employment of a local thermodynamic equilibrium line transfer code, the Mn i/ii ionization balance will be determined for stars of different evolutionary states.
Bird Community Conservation and Carbon Offsets in Western North America

Conservation initiatives to protect and restore valued species and communities in human-dominated landscapes face huge challenges linked to the cost of acquiring habitat. We ask how the sale of forest carbon offsets could reduce land acquisition costs, and how the alternate goals of maximizing α or β-diversity in focal communities could affect the prioritization land parcels over a range of conservation targets. Maximizing total carbon storage and carbon sequestration potential reduced land acquisition costs by up to 48%. Maximizing β rather than α-diversity within forest and savannah bird communities reduced acquisition costs by up to 15%, and when these solutions included potential carbon credit revenues, acquisition cost reductions up to 32% were achieved. However, the total cost of conservation networks increased exponentially as area targets increased in all scenarios. Our results indicate that carbon credit sales have the potential to enhance conservation outcomes in human-dominated landscapes by reducing the net acquisition costs of land conservation in old and maturing forests essential for the persistence of old forest plant and animal communities. Maximizing β versus α-diversity may further reduce costs by reducing the total area required to meet conservation targets and enhancing landscape heterogeneity. Although the potential value of carbon credit sales declined as a fraction of total acquisition costs, even conservative scenarios using a carbon credit value of $12.5/T suggest reductions in acquisition cost of up to $235 M, indicating that carbon credit sales could substantially reduce the costs of conservation.
Apical Sealing Ability of Bioceramic Paste and Mineral Trioxide Aggregate Retrofillings: A Dye Leakage Study

Introduction: This study compared the apical sealing ability of a bioceramic based root canal repair filling material (iRoot FS) with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Methods and materials: Forty single-canal teeth were prepared and randomly divided into two experimental groups ( n =18) and two control groups ( n =2). Teeth in experimental groups were retrofilled with either MTA or iRoot FS. After setting of the retrofillings, all roots were exposed to 0.2% Rhodamine B solution for 48 h and were then washed for 12 h before longitudinal sectioning. The extent of dye penetration was measured under fluorescence microscope. Results: The mean leakage values in MTA and iRoot FS samples were 35.63 and 35.15 µm, respectively. There was no significant differences between the two materials in this regard ( P =0.584). Conclusion: According to dye leakage results, iRoot FS had similar apical sealing ability to MTA and might be considered as a promising root-end filling material.
Growth and lay modelling in a population of Castellana Negra native Spanish hens

1. This study shows the results of (a) fitting growth data to a Gompertz–Laird model and (b) fitting egg production per housed bird to a Grossman model, in a population of Castellana Negra hens. 2. The maximum growth point for males and females, respectively, occurred at 10·6 and 9·3 weeks and the estimated weights at maturity were 2852 and 1878 g. Growth curve parameters were lower than those of commercial lines and similar to reports of other unselected breeds. 3. The start of lay was at 23 weeks. Total egg production reached 163 at 52 weeks, with a persistency (length of constant production) of 3·4 weeks and a production maximum of 69%. The maximum rate of change segment of the laying curve started at 24·3 weeks of age, and the production maximum started at 5·8 weeks into lay. The rate of decline was 1·4% weekly. 4. The Castellana Negra breed belongs to the class of slow-growing light lines and egg production was 163 eggs per calendar year.
Suicide and karoshi (death from overwork) during the recent economic crises in Japan: the impacts, mechanisms and political responses

Although still controversial, it has been suggested that overall mortality in industrialised countries tends to rise during economic expansions and fall in recessions, attributed to the boost in traffic and industrial activity and environmental pollution during economic upturns.1 However, as Tapir Granados has demonstrated using Japanese mortality statistics, suicide increases during economic crises perhaps because suicide is usually a consequence of psychological illnesses like depression directly caused by financial hardships due to unemployment or precarious employment.1 Chang et al examined the Asian Financial Crisis in 1997 and found that although economic impacts were the most severe in Thailand, Indonesia, South Korea and Malaysia, Japan showed the sharpest rise in suicide rate following the crisis and the rate has hovered at a record high to the present, despite a macroeconomic recovery afterwards.2 Here, the potential reasons for this Japanese-specific suicide trend over the past dozen years are analysed. First, the dramatically changed employment systems in Japan through the recession period may explain this. The 1997 crises increased not only unemployment but also the working poor who lost regular employment positions, creating a novel dualism in the labour market.3 4 The share …
Silbische Aspekte segmentalen Schreibens - neurolinguistische Evidenz: 2452

Surface dysgraphia is a (symptom of a) neurological language disorder with a loss of lexico-semantic writing routines and preserved segmental Phoneme-to-Grapheme conversion (PGC). Surface dysgraphic subjects write words and non-words phonologically plausible but with orthographic errors concerning words with ambigue PGC. Such an isolated use of the PGC-routine allows us to focus analysis on segmental processing in writing. H.S. , a German patient suffering from primary progressive aphasia, showed typical surface dysgraphic errors in writing words to dictation. The analysis of his responses revealed the implicit knowledge of syllabic principles and their application in writing. He could phonologically differenciate native and non-native sounding items and showed context-sensitivity in PGC (as for initial /f/). Furthermore H.S. succesfully applied the syllabic rules for inserting the silent syllable initial h. Moreover the patient payed attention to the graphemic syllable weight in realising the lengthening-h - that is the stretched graphematically short syllables by inserting it and compressed long syllables by leaving it out. Doing so he paralleled the probability for the existence of the lengthening-h in German. But he even took notice of the graphemic syllable weight in realizing /t/ as - which the German writing system does not use analogously. Thus the segmental surface routine works in relative autonomy of lexical routines as it is supposed in the logogen-model of word processing (cf. Patterson, 1988). Phoneme-grapheme-conversion applies various syllabic rules and principles. The model will have to be specified in this point.
Latent Wishart Processes for Relational Kernel Learning

One main concern towards kernel classifiers is on their sensitivity to the choice of kernel function or kernel matrix which characterizes the similarity between instances. Many realworld data, such as web pages and proteinprotein interaction data, are relational in nature in the sense that dierent instances are correlated (linked) with each other. The relational information available in such data often provides strong hints on the correlation (or similarity) between instances. In this paper, we propose a novel relational kernel learning model based on latent Wishart processes (LWP) to learn the kernel function for relational data. This is done by seamlessly integrating the relational information and the input attributes into the kernel learning process. Through extensive experiments on realworld applications, we demonstrate that our LWP model can give very promising performance in practice.
Optimal Allocation with Costly Verification

A principal (dean) has an object (job slot) to allocate to one of I agents (departments). Each agent has a strictly positive value for receiving the object. Each agent also has private information which determines the value to the principal of giving the object to him. There are no monetary transfers but the principal can check the value associated with any individual at a cost which may vary across individuals. We characterize the class of optimal Bayesian mechanisms, that is, mechanisms which maximize the expected value to the principal from his assignment of the good minus the costs of checking values. One particularly simple mechanism in this class, which we call the favored–agent mechanism, specifies a threshold value v∗ and a favored agent i∗. If all agents other than i∗ report values below v∗, then i∗ receives the good and no one is checked. Otherwise, whoever reports the highest value is checked with probability 1 and receives the good iff her report is confirmed. We show that all optimal mechanisms are essentially randomizations over optimal favored–agent mechanisms.
Infrared radiation does not enhance the frequency of ultraviolet radiation‐induced skin tumors, but their growth behaviour in mice

Abstract: There is increasing concern about the interaction between infrared radiation (IR) and ultraviolet radiation (UVR) with regard to carcinogenesis because prolonged solar exposure is associated with an increased cumulative load not only of UVR but also of IR. We recently demonstrated that IR‐pretreatment reduces UVR‐induced apoptosis. As this might support the survival of UVR‐damaged cells and thus carcinogenesis, we performed an in vivo photocarcinogenesis study. One group of mice were treated with IR prior to each UVR exposure; additional groups were treated with IR or UVR alone. IR alone did not induce skin cancer. UVR‐induced tumor formation was not enhanced in IR‐pretreated mice, but, in contrast, seemed to occur with delay. This correlated with a reduction of p53 mutated clones in the skin. However, once developed, tumors in IR‐pretreated mice grew faster which was confirmed by their enhanced Ki‐67 expression. The enhanced aggressiveness of tumors derived from IR‐pretreated mice was associated with a higher prevalence of sarcomas than epithelial tumors. Hence, the impact of IR on UVR‐induced carcinogenesis has to be interpreted with caution. Although IR may delay the onset of UVR‐induced tumors, it might contribute to a worse outcome by shifting these tumors into a more aggressive phenotype.
Physical Education Teachers’ Self-Reported Communication of Content Relevance

Communicating how class content can satisfy students’ personal interests and goals—referred to as content relevance—is an important teaching behavior that has been linked to numerous indices of student success in school. However, no known studies have examined teachers’ communication of content relevance in K-12 physical education. The purpose of this study was two-fold: (a) to determine the extent to which physical education teachers report communicating content relevance, based on their status as either elementary or secondary teachers, years of teaching experience ( 10 years) and level of expertise (expert vs. novice), and (b) to identify ways in which the teachers apply this communication behavior when teaching. One hundred and three K-12 physical education teachers attending a state physical education convention were surveyed using an established scale from classroom research. Additionally, participants provided written examples of how they communicated content relevance in their physical education classes. Between-group differences in self-reported communication behavior were analyzed using three separate one-way Analyses of Variance (ANOVA). The teachers’ examples were categorized and organized into themes. Results indicated the only factor accounting for significant differences in teacher communication was teacher expertise, with experts reporting higher frequency of using content relevance strategies than novices. Themes identified in the teachers’ examples served to illustrate multiple ways relevance can be infused into physical education instruction.
Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics on the Predominance of Oblique Disturbances in the Supersonic Shear Flow Instability of the Geomagnetic Tail Boundary

A study is made of the influence of the longitudinal magnetic field and density inhomogeneity on the supersonic shear flow instability at the magnetospheric tail boundary. It is shown that the most unstable are slow oblique (3D) disturbances, with a phase velocity approaching at a sufficiently large angle (with respect to the flow direction) the magnetosonic velocity. Their growth rate and spectral width are much larger than those of the usually considered longitudinal (2D) supersonic disturbances. The magnetic field reduces the compressibility effect and, unlike the subsonic case, has a noticeable destabilizing effect on the excitation of oblique disturbances.
Transition to Fatherhood: Lamaze Preparation, Adjustment Difficulty and the Husband-Wife Relationship.

This study investigates change in the husband-wife relationship, Lamaze training and age of the infant in relation to adjustment difficulty in the transition to fatherhood. Forty-six fathers in three age of baby/Lamaze training groups responded to a questionnaire and semi-structured interview. Results indicate that items related to the husband-wife relationship are highly correlated with total adjustment difficulty and perceived change. Lack of knowledge about parenting is also predictive of high adjustment difficulty. However, Lamaze training does not result in an easier adjustment to fatherhood. Discussion focuses on the implications of these results for parenthood preparation.
Bounds on the Convergence Time of Distributed Selfish Bin Packing

We consider a game-theoretic bin packing problem with identical items, and we study the convergence time to a Nash equilibrium. In the model proposed, users choose their strategy simultaneously. We deal with two bins and multiple bins cases. We consider the case when users know the load of all bins and cases with less information. We consider two approaches, depending if the system can undo movements that lead to infeasible states. Let n and m be, respectively, the number of items and bins. In the two bins case, we show an O(log log n) and an O(n) bounds when undo movements are allowed and when they are not allowed, resp. In multiple bins case, we show an O(log n) and an O(nm) bounds when undo movements are allowed and when they are not allowed, resp. In the case with less information, we show an O(m log n) and an O(n3m) bounds when undo movements are allowed and when they are not allowed, resp. Also, in the case with less information where the information about completely filled/empty bins is not available, we show an O(m2log n) and an O(n3m3) bounds when undo movements are allowed and when they are not allowed, resp.
Histocompatibility (HL-A) Antigens, Lymphocytotoxic Antibodies and Tissue Antibodies in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes mellitus is a genetically determined disorder of metabolism in which inherited susceptibility plays an important part. We studied the distribution of HL-A antigens, and theincidence of lymphocytotoxic and tissue antibodies in seventy-one adult diabetic patients—fifty insulin-dependent and twenty-one insulin-independent. Specificity W15 was present in significantlyhigher frequency in the insulin-dependent diabetic patients than either in the control group (P = 0.0005) or in the insulin-independent diabetic patient group (P < 0.0005). The incidence of lymphocytotoxic and tissue antibodies in the two patient groups was not different from that in the control population.
Recovery of ammonia in digestates of calf manure through a struvite precipitation process using unconventional reagents

Land spreading of digestates causes the discharge of large quantities of nutrients into the environment, which contributes to eutrophication and depletion of dissolved oxygen in water bodies. For the removal of ammonia nitrogen, there is increasing interest in the chemical precipitation of struvite, which is a mineral that can be reused as a slow-release fertilizer. However, this process is an expensive treatment of digestate because large amounts of magnesium and phosphorus reagents are required. In this paper, a struvite precipitation-based process is proposed for an efficient recovery of digestate nutrients using low-cost reagents. In particular, seawater bittern, a by-product of marine salt manufacturing and bone meal, a by-product of the thermal treatment of meat waste, have been used as low-cost sources of magnesium and phosphorus, respectively. Once the operating conditions are defined, the process enables the removal of more than 90% ammonia load, the almost complete recovery of magnesium and phosphorus and the production of a potentially valuable precipitate containing struvite crystals.
RESPIRATORY ENZYMES AND MITOCHONDRIAL MORPHOLOGY OF HELA AND L CELLS TREATED WITH CHLORAMPHENICOL AND ETHIDIUM BROMIDE

Exposure of HeLa and L cells to chloramphenicol causes a progressive dose-dependent decrease in cytochrome oxidase and succinate-cytochrome c reductase activities, concomitant with an increase in the amount of cytochrome c. At 2–3 days, the specific activities of the enzymes have fallen to about one-half of control values; the mitochondria appear swollen. By day 5, enzyme activities are about one-quarter of control values; the mitochondria are more swollen, with disorientation and disintegration of cristae. By day 6–8, after three generations, growth has stopped, enzyme activities are approximately the same as on day 5, and cytochrome c content has reached 170% of control value. Mitochondria show severe changes, cristae being affected more than peripheral inner membrane. The number of profiles continues to be nearly normal. After 30 days, cytochrome oxidase activity remains low but now there are mitochondria in intermediate and condensed configuration. There is a gradual accumulation in the cytoplasm of smooth membrane elements. If chloramphenicol is removed, cells recover. Ethidium bromide treatment for up to 8 days yields results virtually identical to those obtained with chloramphenicol. Cells treated with 10-4 M KCN show a decrease in cytochrome oxidase activity to about one-third of control value and an elevated amount of cytochrome c. Only a small number of mitochondria appear damaged. Autochthonous mitochondrial syntheses appear to be essential for the organization of the cristae. When cytochrome oxidase activity is impaired, a regulatory mechanism for cytochrome biosynthesis geared to mitochondrial function may be lacking, resulting in an increase in cytochrome c content.