Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Memory and interrogative suggestibility: The effects of modality of information presentation and retrieval conditions upon the suggestibility scores of people with learning disabilities

This paper examines the relationship between memory for an event and interrogative suggestibility. Six groups of people with learning disabilities (Full Scale IQ: 53-74) received either a verbal or a visual-verbal presentation of an event and one of three methods of eliciting recall (free recall, specific questions, general questions). It was found that a visual-verbal presentation led to more complete and accurate recall than a verbal only presentation, and that subjects in the specific questions condition gave more complete and accurate recall than subjects in the free recall condition. These results are discussed in the light of related research on questioning people with learning disabilities. Further, it was found that subjects receiving a visual-verbal presentation were less susceptible to the leading questions of the suggestibility scale used than were subjects receiving a verbal only presentation. This finding may call into question the validity of the suggestibility scale as a measure of the reliability of eyewitness testimony. This is because most human testimony is based on visually perceived material while the suggestibility scale presents only verbal information. Language: en
Evaluating Sequence-Based Genomic Prediction with an Efficient New Simulator

The vast amount of sequence data generated to analyze complex traits is posing new challenges in terms of the analysis and interpretation of the results. Although simulation is a fundamental tool to investigate the reliability of genomic analyses and to optimize experimental design, existing software cannot realistically simulate complete genomes. To remedy this, we have developed a new strategy (Sequence-Based Virtual Breeding, SBVB) that uses real sequence data and simulates new offspring genomes and phenotypes in a very efficient and flexible manner. Using this tool, we studied the efficiency of full sequence in genomic prediction compared to SNP arrays. We used real porcine sequences from three breeds as founder genomes of a 2500-animal pedigree and two genetic architectures: “neutral” and “selective. ” In the neutral architecture, frequencies and allele effects were sampled independently whereas, in the selective case, SNPs were sites putatively under selection after domestication and a negative correlation between effect and frequency was induced. We compared the effectiveness of different genotyping strategies for genomic selection, including the use of full sequence commercial arrays or randomly chosen SNP sets in both outbred and crossbred experimental designs. We found that accuracy increases using sequence instead of commercial chips but modestly, perhaps by ≤ 4%. This result was robust to extreme genetic architectures. We conclude that full sequence is unlikely to offset commercial arrays for predicting genetic value when the number of loci is relatively large and the prior given to each SNP is uniform. Using sequence to improve selection thus requires optimized prior information and, likely, increased population sizes. The code and manual for SBVB are available at https://github.com/mperezenciso/sbvb0.
A viral envelope as a vehicle for tracer, drug, and gene delivery

Gene and drug encapsulation by a viral vector administered via a systemic injection represents a therapeutic delivery system that is noninvasive and can potentially be targeted to a region of the body. However, an effective way of monitoring biodistribution, both acutely and over the long term, is needed to evaluate new targeting technologies and to tailor patient care in the clinic. A sensitive and dynamic method is needed to compare the effect of various approaches on clearance. Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging can detect radiotracers within the body with high sensitivity, and, in this study, the noninvasive tracking of viral vectors tagged with radioactive fluorine ([F-18]fluoride) is presented
Industrial Museums and the History of Deindustrialization

THE PAST TEN YEARS have seen dramatic changes in the world of industrial museum's. The focus of attention has shifted from industrial objects, processes, and entrepreneurs to the universe of the working class: its experience, its culture and cultural creativity, its forms of economic and, to a lesser degree, political organization. In North Carolina, many public historians now tell the story of the region's mill towns largely from the point of view of the workers. They examine the experience of paternalism, the nature of textile workers' culture, and the story of the populist movement, recalling especially its attempts to transcend racism in the
Combining cognitive and interactive approaches to lingua receptiva

This study takes an experimental approach to ‘lingua receptiva’ (LaRa), a communication mode in which interlocutors each use their own – different – native language. In contrast to previous work on LaRa, this study investigates the phenomenon in genetically unrelated languages. Native speakers of Estonian and Russian were engaged in a ‘map task’, which requires verbal interaction in the service of problem solving, i.e. finding locations on a map. It is assumed that successful communication requires ‘alignment’, a state that is established once the interlocutors have reached a shared understanding of relevant aspects of reality. The goal of this exploratory study is twofold: (1) to test whether the current methodology can help detect alignment in LaRa and (2) to determine what factors – linguistic, communicative as well as meta-communicative – contribute to success (i.e. completing the task). Specific attention was given to the effect of participants’ proficiency in the language used by their interlocutor. The results suggest that alignment in LaRa must be achieved by active monitoring and the application of meta-communicative devices (MCDs), the explicit negotiations aimed at establishing mutual understanding. Efficient dyads reach and maintain alignment by ‘minding’ their languages via the application of these MCDs. Furthermore, it is found that L2 proficiency does not impact strongly on communicative success; dyads with various L2 proficiencies were able to complete the task in lingua receptiva successfully.
Primary proteolysis of white brined cheese prepared from raw cow milk monitored by high-molarity Tris buffer SDS-PAGE system.

The aim of this work was to investigate primary proteolysis of white brined cow cheese prepared from raw milk by SDS-electrophoretic method based on high-molarity Tris buffer system and to correlate with the results of other commonly used parameters. Proteolytic changes of white brined cow cheese were monitored by three parameters: total protein, water soluble proteins and degree of proteolysis. Changes of major casein fractions were followed by SDS-electrophoretic system in reducing conditions. The total protein content and moisture content of white brined cow cheese were significantly affected by ripening. Ripening in brine increased water soluble proteins and degree of proteolysis. Major caseins were differently resistant to proteolysis; α s -CN was more susceptible than β-CN. The α s -CN content was highly and negatively correlated with time of ripening and water soluble proteins whereas no significant correlation (p<0.05) between β-CN content and these parameters was found. Also, a strong significant correlation (p<0.05) between the amount of low molecular weight products and time of ripening, water soluble proteins and α s -CN content was observed. SDS-PAGE method used in this study could be useful for monitoring the white cow cheese proteolysis.
A DST Model of Multilingualism and the Role of Metalinguistic Awareness

This paper suggests that a dynamic systems theory (DST) provides an adequate conceptual metaphor for discussing multilingual development. Multilingual acquisition is a nonlinear and complex dynamic process depending on a number of interacting factors. Variability plays a crucial role in the multilingual system as it changes over time (Herdina & Jessner, 2002). A number of studies on multilingualism have shown that there are qualitative differences between second and third language learning and that these can be related to an increased level of metalinguistic awareness. From a DST-perspective, metalinguistic knowledge and awareness of this knowledge play a crucial role in the development of individual multilingualism.
Predictors of Differences in Subjective Well-Being Across 97 Nations

This study analyzes national differences in various facets of subjective well-being as measured by the World Values Survey, including the most recent wave (2005-2007), across a sample of 97 nations. The main predictor of the cognitive facet (life satisfaction) is a perception of life control, followed by wealth. The hedonic facet (happiness) is explained by a syndrome of correlated variables: perceived life control, high importance of leisure, and low importance of thrift. It is proposed that this syndrome is stronger in societies that do not have a powerful cultural legacy of highly intensive agriculture. The negative pole of the hedonic facet (unhappiness) seems to be related mostly to poverty and a perception of low life control (helplessness), plus various situational factors.
Vascular volume determination of articular tissues in normal and anterior cruciate ligament‐deficient rabbit knees

The vasculature of diarthroidal joints has been well documented; however, the volume of vessels supplying different articular tissues is unknown. Angiogenesis, the formation of new vessels from preexisting ones, is difficult to quantify in joints due to the unavailability of a suitable technique. Although angiogenesis is known to occur in rheumatoid arthritis, the development of new vessels following joint injury has not been ascertained.
Superblock FTL: A superblock-based flash translation layer with a hybrid address translation scheme

In NAND flash-based storage systems, an intermediate software layer called a Flash Translation Layer (FTL) is usually employed to hide the erase-before-write characteristics of NAND flash memory. We propose a novel superblock-based FTL scheme, which combines a set of adjacent logical blocks into a superblock. In the proposed Superblock FTL, superblocks are mapped at coarse granularity, while pages inside the superblock are mapped freely at fine granularity to any location in several physical blocks. To reduce extra storage and flash memory operations, the fine-grain mapping information is stored in the spare area of NAND flash memory. This hybrid address translation scheme has the flexibility provided by fine-grain address translation, while reducing the memory overhead to the level of coarse-grain address translation. Our experimental results show that the proposed FTL scheme significantly outperforms previous block-mapped FTL schemes with roughly the same memory overhead.
Evidence of Burkholderia pseudomallei-Specific Immunity in Patient Sera Persistently Nonreactive by the Indirect Hemagglutination Assay

ABSTRACT The indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA) is the most frequently used serological test to confirm exposure to Burkholderia pseudomallei. Patients with culture-confirmed disease often have a nonreactive IHA at presentation and occasionally fail to seroconvert on serial testing. We investigated whether using antigens derived from the cultured isolates of persistently IHA-nonreactive patient sera improved the sensitivity of the IHA. In addition, we assessed the antigen-specific lymphocyte response in this group of patients to a panel of B. pseudomallei antigens, including those derived from their own cultured isolates. Eleven patients with culture-proven melioidosis were identified as having persistently IHA-nonreactive sera. A modified IHA using erythrocytes sensitized with patient isolate-derived antigen tested against convalescent-phase serum was performed. The majority (82%) of sera showed a negative (≤1:5) result, one was borderline (1:20), and one was positive at the cutoff value (1:40). IHA-nonreactive sera were also tested by enzyme immunoassay (EIA), with 73% (8/11) demonstrating IgG positivity. In addition, lymphocytes isolated from persistently IHA-nonreactive patient sera demonstrated significantly increased proliferation in response to B. pseudomallei antigens compared to controls. These studies demonstrate the presence of B. pseudomallei-specific antibody by EIA and B. pseudomallei-specific lymphocytes in patient sera categorized as persistently nonreactive according to the IHA. New immunoassays are required and should incorporate B. pseudomallei antigens that are immunoreactive for this subset of IHA-nonreactive patient sera.
Overexpression of chloroplast NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase in Arabidopsis enhances leaf growth and elucidates in vivo function of reductase and thioredoxin domains

Plant chloroplasts have versatile thioredoxin systems including two thioredoxin reductases and multiple types of thioredoxins. Plastid-localized NADPH-dependent thioredoxin reductase (NTRC) contains both reductase (NTRd) and thioredoxin (TRXd) domains in a single polypeptide and forms homodimers. To study the action of NTRC and NTRC domains in vivo, we have complemented the ntrc knockout line of Arabidopsis with the wild type and full-length NTRC genes, in which 2-Cys motifs either in NTRd, or in TRXd were inactivated. The ntrc line was also transformed either with the truncated NTRd or TRXd alone. Overexpression of wild-type NTRC promoted plant growth by increasing leaf size and biomass yield of the rosettes. Complementation of the ntrc line with the full-length NTRC gene containing an active reductase but an inactive TRXd, or vice versa, recovered wild-type chloroplast phenotype and, partly, rosette biomass production, indicating that the NTRC domains are capable of interacting with other chloroplast thioredoxin systems. Overexpression of truncated NTRd or TRXd in ntrc background did not restore wild-type phenotype. Modeling of the three-dimensional structure of the NTRC dimer indicates extensive interactions between the NTR domains and the TRX domains further stabilize the dimeric structure. The long linker region between the NTRd and TRXd, however, allows flexibility for the position of the TRXd in the dimer. Supplementation of the TRXd in the NTRC homodimer model by free chloroplast thioredoxins indicated that TRXf is the most likely partner to interact with NTRC. We propose that overexpression of NTRC promotes plant biomass yield both directly by stimulation of chloroplast biosynthetic and protective pathways controlled by NTRC and indirectly via free chloroplast thioredoxins. Our data indicate that overexpression of chloroplast thiol redox-regulator has a potential to increase biofuel yield in plant and algal species suitable for sustainable bioenergy production.
Effects of Tetrodotoxin in Mouse Models of Visceral Pain

Visceral pain is very common and represents a major unmet clinical need for which current pharmacological treatments are often insufficient. Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin that exerts analgesic actions in both humans and rodents under different somatic pain conditions, but its effect has been unexplored in visceral pain. Therefore, we tested the effects of systemic TTX in viscero-specific mouse models of chemical stimulation of the colon (intracolonic instillation of capsaicin and mustard oil) and intraperitoneal cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis. The subcutaneous administration of TTX dose-dependently inhibited the number of pain-related behaviors in all evaluated pain models and reversed the referred mechanical hyperalgesia (examined by stimulation of the abdomen with von Frey filaments) induced by capsaicin and cyclophosphamide, but not that induced by mustard oil. Morphine inhibited both pain responses and the referred mechanical hyperalgesia in all tests. Conditional nociceptor‑specific Nav1.7 knockout mice treated with TTX showed the same responses as littermate controls after the administration of the algogens. No motor incoordination after the administration of TTX was observed. These results suggest that blockade of TTX-sensitive sodium channels, but not Nav1.7 subtype alone, by systemic administration of TTX might be a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of visceral pain.
Immune activation in amniotic fluid from Zika virus–associated microcephaly

Recent advances in the understanding of neuropathogenesis associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) infection has led to descriptions of neonatal microcephaly cases. However, none of these reports have evaluated the humoral response during ZIKV infection. We report here polyfunctional immune activation associated with increased interferon‐gamma‐inducible protein 10, interleukin (IL)‐6, IL‐8, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), monocyte chemoattractive protein 1 (MCP‐1), and granulocyte colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) levels in the amniotic fluid of ZIKV‐positive pregnant women with neonatal microcephaly. These cytokines have been associated not only with neuronal damage, but also with differentiation and proliferation of neural progenitor cells. Our results suggested that the immune activation caused by ZIKV infection in the uterine environment could also interfere with fetal development. ANN NEUROL 2017;81:152–156
DNA sequence, structure and gene expression of mycobacteriophage L5: a phage system for mycobacterial genetics

Genetic studies of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and other mycobacterial pathogens have suffered from the lack of a sophisticated genetic system. To address this issue we have developed a viral system through a detailed characterization of mycobacteriophage L5, a temperate phage that infects both fast‐ and slow‐growing mycobacteria. We describe here the complete DNA sequence of the L5 genome and initial characterization of L5 virion structure and gene expression. In addition to providing a genetic‘toolbox’for the mycobacteria we find that L5 offers a new paradigm for dsDNA phages, being phenotypically temperate but employing genetic strategies for phage growth usually associated with lytic bacteriophages.
A Theory Bite on Contextualizing, Framing, and Positioning: A Companion to Son and Goldstone

Son and Goldstone (2009) provided orienting activities intended to increase personal engagement, and these activities reduced participants' transfer based on concepts of signal detectability theory. I offer a theoretical interpretation that differs from theirs. First, instead of assuming that activity is contextualized in some conditions and not in others, I assume that activity always occurs in some context, or framing. Second, instead of hypothesizing that generality is achieved by ignoring features of specific situation, I adopt the classical hypothesis (e.g., from Judd, 1908; Wertheimer, 1945/1959) that generality results from framing in which specific features are organized in a particular way that includes conceptual structure. Third, although I agree that an enactive positional framing, with more personal engagement, can result in a narrower depth of field, I hypothesize that what is enhanced or inhibited by enactive positioning depends on the activity, so that if activity is focused on conceptual structures (for example, in constructing explanations as studied by Chi et al., 1989) personal engagement could increase generality of learning.
Molecular Basis for Association of PIPKIγ-p90 with Clathrin Adaptor AP-2*

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) is an essential determinant in clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME). In mammals three type I phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase (PIPK) enzymes are expressed, with the Iγ-p90 isoform being highly expressed in the brain where it regulates synaptic vesicle (SV) exo-/endocytosis at nerve terminals. How precisely PI(4,5)P2 metabolism is controlled spatially and temporally is still uncertain, but recent data indicate that direct interactions between type I PIPK and components of the endocytic machinery, in particular the AP-2 adaptor complex, are involved. Here we demonstrated that PIPKIγ-p90 associates with both the μ and β2 subunits of AP-2 via multiple sites. Crystallographic data show that a peptide derived from the splice insert of the human PIPKIγ-p90 tail binds to a cognate recognition site on the sandwich subdomain of the β2 appendage. Partly overlapping aromatic and hydrophobic residues within the same peptide also can engage the C-terminal sorting signal binding domain of AP-2μ, thereby potentially competing with the sorting of conventional YXXØ motif-containing cargo. Biochemical and structure-based mutagenesis analysis revealed that association of the tail domain of PIPKIγ-p90 with AP-2 involves both of these sites. Accordingly the ability of overexpressed PIPKIγ tail to impair endocytosis of SVs in primary neurons largely depends on its association with AP-2β and AP-2μ. Our data also suggest that interactions between AP-2 and the tail domain of PIPKIγ-p90 may serve to regulate complex formation and enzymatic activity. We postulate a model according to which multiple interactions between PIPKIγ-p90 and AP-2 lead to spatiotemporally controlled PI(4,5)P2 synthesis during clathrin-mediated SV endocytosis.
Self-efficacy and music performance

This study is the second in a series of investigations attempting to clarify relationships between variables that impact on a young musician's ability to perform music (as assessed on a graded music examination). Consistent with studies on school academic subjects, our previous investigation demonstrated the importance of self-efficacy in predicting young musicians’ performance examination results. In the current study, structural equation modelling allowed us to compare two different types of graded music performance examinations. Although differences emerged between the two sets of data, self-efficacy was again found to be the most important predictor of achievement in the examinations. Implications arising from this finding are discussed in the final section of the article.
Exact Minimum Eigenvalue Distribution of a Correlated Complex Non-Central Wishart Matrix

We derive the exact cumulative distribution function (c.d.f.) of the minimum eigenvalue of a correlated complex non-central Wishart matrix. This result is in the form of a simple infinite series with fast convergence, and applies for the important case where the non-centrality matrix has rank one. Simplified asymptotic expressions for the c.d. f. are given for large matrix dimensions, as well as first-order expansions around the origin. The eigenvalue distributions in this paper have various important applications to multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) communication systems, as well other scientific areas such as econometrics and multivariate statistics.
Stigma Controllability and Coping as Predictors of Emotions and Social Support

Affective reactions toward eight disease-related stigmas and the intention to extend social support were examined in a simulation experiment. The onset of the stigmas was varied as being either controllable or uncontrollable. In addition, the target person was described either as actively coping with the stigma or as not coping. The research question aimed at exploring the effects of onset controllability and coping efforts on expectancies, blame, emotions such as pity, anger and social stress, and on the willingness to support the target person. In a within-groups design each of the eighty-four participants was confronted with all the eight stigmas under four different conditions. It turned out that both experimental factors elicited affective reactions and judgments to help. However, the coping dimension appeared to be stronger for most dependent variables. In addition, helping behavior was mediated by different affective reactions for disparate stigma groupings.