Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Possible Major Influences of Children Learning Social Studies on Academic Self Concept and Achievement

This study was aimed at finding the best model to explain pupil academic attainment in learning social studies. The data came from pupils learning Social Studies at grade 3 and 4 of primary schools. The structural equation model contained 2 exogenous constructs–attitudes toward school and locus of control–and 2 endogenous constructs–self-concept and academic achievement. It was confirmed that the academic self-concept and achievement related to each other and both were influenced by attitudes toward school and internal locus of control. The model was fitting differently for different grade.
Sampled Branch and Bound method for Transductive Support Vector Machines

A Support Vector Machine (SV M) is a powerful classifier method, already used in many problems, which can be viewed as a convex optimization. In recent years, a considerable attention has been given on semi-supervised learning, differing from traditional supervised learning by making use of unlabelled data. In fact, in many applications like text categorization, collecting labelled examples may cost large human efforts, while vast amounts of unlabelled data are often readily available offering some additional information. However, being expensive to pursue all the data labelled, Transductive Support Vector Machines (TSV M) were introduced when only a small fraction of them may be considered available to the learner. One difficulty we come across with TSV M formulation, is that it turns into a non-convex optimization problem. Hence, several techniques have been proposed to solve it. Each technique has its own disadvantages the most important one being local minima sensitivity. As a result, experiments on TSV M sometimes perform worse than SV M . The performance of a classification algorithm can be measured through the error rate on the unlabelled points and evidences show that algorithm’s achievements depend on the selected data sets. Conversely, the global optimal solution may be disentangled bestowing a Branch and Bound (BB) technique able to solve the non convex problem across an implicit enumeration process. Besides, with this method the time complexity increases exponentially in the number of instances. In this paper, an original theoretical representation of a TSV M in terms of LP-type problem and violator space is given. Hence, an appealing and randomized method is presented with some experimental evidences, able to efficiently overcame some limitations of BB and extend its use to solve a TSV M . The method may exploits the sparsity property of a TSV M making possible the scaling of the time complexity, utterly given by the number of support vectors.
Gender Effects of Education on Economic Development in Turkey

Several recent empirical studies have examined the gender effects of education on economic growth or on steady-state level of output using the much exploited, familiar cross-country data in order to determine their quantitative importance and the direction of correlation. This paper undertakes a similar study of the gender effects of education using province level data for Turkey. The main findings indicate that female education positively and significantly affects the steady-state level of labor productivity, while the effect of male education is in general either positive or insignificant. Separate examination of the effect of educational gender gap was negative on output. The results are found to be robust to a number of sensitivity analyses, such as elimination of outlier observations, controls for simultaneity and measurement errors, controls for omitted variables by including regional dummy variables, steady-state versus growth equations and considering different samples.
Effect of Concentration of Trisodium Citrate Anticoagulant on Calculation of the International Normalised Ratio and the International Sensitivity Index of Thromboplastin

Summary The aim of this study was to determine whether the concentration of trisodium citrate used to anticoagulate blood has an effect on the INR of the sample and the ISI of the thromboplastin. Five thromboplastins including and Australian reference material were used to measure the prothrombin time of normal and patient samples collected into two concentrations of trisodium citrate - 109 mM and 129 mM. There was no effect of citrate concentration on the INRs determined with the reference material. However for the other four thromboplastins there was a significant difference between INRs for the two citrate groups. The prothrombin times of the samples collected into 129 mM were longer than those collected into 109 mM. This difference was only slight in normal plasma but more marked in patients receiving oral anticoagulants, causing the INRs for patient plasmas collected into 129 mM citrate to be higher then the corresponding samples collected into 109 mM citrate. From orthogonal regression of log prothrombin times by the reference method against each thromboplastin, we found that the ISI for each thromboplastin was approximately 10% lower when determined with samples collected into 129 mM citrate than with samples collected into 109 mM. These results suggest that the concentration of trisodium citrate used for collection of blood samples can affect the calculation of the INR and the calibration of the ISI of thromboplastin. This was found both for commercial thromboplastins prepared by tissue extraction and for a recombinant tissue factor.
Managing the margins: Gender, citizenship and the international regulation of precarious employment [Book Review]

Review(s) of: Managing the margins: Gender, citizenship and the international regulation of precarious employment, by Leah F. Vosko (2011), Oxford University Press, pp. 336, Paperback: ISBN 978-0-19-957509-1 RRP: GBP 16.99.
Strong inference in functional neuroimagingajpy

A recurring question for cognitive science is whether functional neuroimaging data can provide evidence for or against psychological theories. As posed, the question reflects an adherence to a popular scientific method known as ‘strong inference’. The method entails constructing multiple hypotheses (Hs) and designing experiments so that alternative possible outcomes will refute at least one (i.e., ‘falsify’ it). In this article, after first delineating some well-documented limitations of strong inference, I provide examples of functional neuroimaging data being used to test Hs from rival modular information-processing models of spoken word production. ‘Strong inference’ for neuroimaging involves first establishing a systematic mapping of ‘processes to processors’ for a common modular architecture. Alternate Hs are then constructed from psychological theories that attribute the outcome of manipulating an experimental factor to two or more distinct processing stages within this architecture. Hs are then refutable by a finding of activity differentiated spatially and chronometrically by experimental condition. When employed in this manner, the data offered by functional neuroimaging may be more useful for adjudicating between accounts of processing loci than behavioural measures.
Linear viscoelasticity of polyolefin melts: the effects of temperature and chain branching

Observations are reported in isothermal torsional oscillation tests on melts of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) in the intervals of temperature between 190 and 250C (iPP) and between 120 and 190C (LDPE). With reference to the concept of transient networks, constitutive equations are developed for the viscoelastic response of polymer melts at three-dimensional deformations with small strains. A melt is treated as an equivalent network of strands bridged by temporary junctions (entanglements and physical cross-links whose life-times exceed the characteristic time of deformation). The time-dependent behavior of the network is modelled as detachment of active strands from their junctions and merging of dangling strands with the network. The network is assumed to be strongly heterogeneous in the sense that different junctions have different activation energies for separation of strands. The stress-strain relations involve three adjustable parameters (the plateau modulus, the average activation energy for rearrangement of strands and the standard deviation of activation energies) that are determined by matching the dependencies of storage and loss moduli on frequency of oscillations. The difference in the effects of temperature on the material constants of iPP and LDPE is associated with the difference in their molecular architecture.
异性拒绝对择偶价值感的影响：择偶计量器的检验 The Influence of Mate-Rejection on Self-Perceived Mate Value: Testing the Mating Sociometer

采用回忆范式考察来自异性的拒绝对个体的积极/消极情感、自尊、择偶价值感及择偶标准的影响。 实验结果发现：1) 来自异性的拒绝对个体的积极/消极情感产生了影响，自尊在两者之间起了完全的中介作用；2) 异性拒绝通过自尊对择偶价值感产生影响，而择偶价值感在自尊与择偶标准之间起中介作用，由此构建成了一个过程模型。 本研究支持和扩展了Kirkpatrick和Ellis(2001)所提出的特定领域社会计量器——择偶计量器的构想：自尊作为一种内在机制，调节着异性拒绝后个体的择偶价值感，并间接影响择偶标准。 The present study which using recall paradigm aimed to investigate the effect of mate-rejection on positive affect and negative affect, self-esteem, self-perceived mate value, mate standard. The result showed: 1) Mate-rejection makes an impact on positive affect and negative affect, while self-esteem plays fully the mediating role among them; 2) Self-esteem fully mediated the impact of mate-rejection on self-perceived mate value, and self-perceived mate value fully mediated the impact of self-esteem on mate standard, thus a process model was built. This research supports and expands a conceptualization of the domain-specific sociometer, which is derived from Kirkpatrick and Ellis (2001): self-esteem as a mechanism functions to calibrate self-perceived mate value in response to experiences of mate-rejection, and makes an indirect effect on mate standard.
Detecting Bipolar Semantic Relations among Natural Language Arguments with Textual Entailment: a Study.

In the knowledge representation and reasoning research area, argumentation theory aims at representing and reasoning over information items called arguments. In everyday life, arguments are reasons to believe and reasons to act, and they are usually expressed in natural language. Even if ad-hoc natural language examples are often provided in argumentation theory works, no automated processing of such natural language arguments is carried out, making it impossible to exploit the results of this research area in real world scenarios. In this paper, we propose to adopt textual entailment to address this issue. In particular, we discuss and evaluate, on a sample of natural language arguments extracted from Debatepedia, the support and attack relations among arguments in bipo- lar abstract argumentation with respect to the more specific notions of textual entailment and contradiction.
Understanding Goal-Directed Emotions in Agile Software Development Teams

Agile software development is people oriented and emphasizes on teamwork. The emotional experiences of the team members may creep up and significantly influence their behaviors. Our study examines the role of emotion in agile software development using a multisite case study of two agile project teams. We develop a framework that explains how the project and individual goals trigger emotions and how the emotions influence behaviors and the project outcome. Our research highlights that agile project goals are interconnected with the individual goal and the misalignment between them bring about negative emotion when team members appraise the goal achievement situations.
Human topoisomerase II-α is highly expressed in sinonasal-inverted papilloma, but not in inflammatory polyp

Sinonasal‐inverted papilloma is a benign tumour with a high rate of recurrence, but possible malignant transformation. Therefore, inves tigation of predisposition to malignant transformation of sinonasal‐inverted papilloma gives clinicians the opportunity for adequate trea ment. Topoisomerase II‐α (topoII‐α) and Ki67 are markers of cell proliferation in both normal and neoplastic tissues and its level o expression could be used as a predictive parameter. Our goal was to investigate by immunochemistry the expression level of topoII‐in inverted papilloma, inflammatory nasal polyp and normal sinonasal epithelium and to compare it with expression level of Ki67. TopoI α nuclear immunostaining showed a differential positivity in the investigated cases. The topoII‐α index was 30.6 ± 12.8 in inverte papilloma, 10.7 ± 6.6 in the adjacent epithelium of inverted papilloma, but only 2.3 ± 2.0 in the normal sinonasal epithelium. The di ferences in topoII‐α expression between inverted papilloma and normal sinonasal epithelia were statistically significant. In inflammator nasal polyp group, topoII‐α index was 2.4 ± 2.1, and the difference in the topoII‐α index between inverted papilloma and inflammator polyp group was also statistically significant. Nuclear immunostaining for Ki67 followed a similar variation. The Ki67 index was 50.0 ± 20. in inverted papilloma, 9.0 ± 6.6 in the adjacent epithelium of inverted papilloma and 2.4 ± 0.9 in normal sinonasal epithelium. The di ferences in Ki67 expression between inverted papilloma and either adjacent or normal sinonasal epithelia were statistically significan Significant correlation coefficients were found between topoII‐α and epithelial thickness (r = 0.70, P > 0.0001), and between Ki67 inde and epithelial thickness (r = 0.71, P> 0.0001). In the inflammatory nasal polyp group Ki67 index was 5.9 ± 3.4. The difference in th Ki67 index between inverted papilloma and inflammatory nasal polyp groups was statistically significant. Significant correlation coeff cient was found between topoII‐α index and Ki67 index in inverted papilloma (r = 0.42, P > 0.05). These results suggest that the inverte papilloma contains a significantly higher cell population with proliferative activity by comparison with normal sinonasal and inflamma tory polyp epithelia, showing a significant correlation between topoII‐α and Ki67 expression, and indicating that topoII‐α could be a independent prognostic factor for a putative malignant transformation.
Choosing the Right Words

Although crisis management has evolved rapidly over the past decade, the symbolic aspect of crisis management has been ignored. More specifically, little research has examined crisis-response strategies (public statements made after a crisis) to see how these messages can be used to shape public perceptions of the crisis and the organization in crisis. This article synthesizes existing literature to create a list of crisis-response strategies and develops a set of guidelines for appropriate use of a given strategy. The guidelines are based upon Attribution Theory and use the crisis situation and the publics as the factors that help to determine when a crisis-response strategy is appropriate.
Personal Investment in Disability Sport Careers: An International Study

This study aimed to examine the transferability of a personal investment process of disability sport to athletes from the USA, UK, Canada, and Israel. Initiation, competition, and retirement experiences of 40 athletes were examined. Results corroborate previous findings on athletes with and without disabilities and reveal no differences in major themes among athletes from different countries. A revised personal investment process model is proposed. Athletes with a disability should receive some form of preparatory counseling support before and after retirement. Difficulties during the transition to retirement are generally associated with overcommitment, ego identity in sport, and exclusion of other aspects of life (Baille, 1993; Blinde & Stratta, 1992; Hill & Lowe, 1974; Sinclair & Orlick, 1993). Factors associated with successful transition include sense of accomplishment, voluntary retirement, degree of ego involvement and commitment, anticipatory socialization, planning, social support structures, ade.
Quantum Affine Algebras at Roots of Unity

We study the restricted form of the qaunatized enveloping algebra of an untwisted affine Lie algebra and prove a triangular decomposition for it. In proving the decomposition we prove several new identities in the quantized algebra, one of these show a connection between the quantized algebra and Young diagrams. These identities are all invisible in the non-quantum case of the problem which was considered by Garland in 1978. We then study the finite-dimensional irreducible representations and prove a factorization theorem for such representations.
More than healthy bones: a review of vitamin D in muscle health

Vitamin D has known importance to bone health including calcium and phosphate homeostasis and appears to have a role in skeletal muscle health as well. Cases of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency have been associated with poor muscle health. While the exact effects and mechanism of action remains controversial, current data lean towards insufficient vitamin D playing a role in musculoskeletal pain, sarcopenia, myopathy, falls and indirectly via cerebellar and cognitive dysfunction. Sophisticated experimental techniques have allowed detection of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) on skeletal muscle and cerebellar tissue, which if validated in further large studies, could confirm the mechanism of vitamin D in these associations. While further study is required, vitamin D repletion can have a substantial impact on muscle as well as bone health.
The Importance of Intraoperative Selenium Blood Levels on Organ Dysfunction in Patients Undergoing Off-Pump Cardiac Surgery: A Randomised Controlled Trial

Introduction Cardiac surgery is accompanied by an increase of oxidative stress, a significantly reduced antioxidant (AOX) capacity, postoperative inflammation, all of which may promote the development of organ dysfunction and an increase in mortality. Selenium is an essential co-factor of various antioxidant enzymes. We hypothesized a less pronounced decrease of circulating selenium levels in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass (OPCAB) surgery due to less intraoperative oxidative stress. Methods In this prospective randomised, interventional trial, 40 patients scheduled for elective coronary artery bypass grafting were randomly assigned to undergo either on-pump or OPCAB-surgery, if both techniques were feasible for the single patient. Clinical data, myocardial damage assessed by myocard specific creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), circulating whole blood levels of selenium, oxidative stress assessed by asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) levels, antioxidant capacity determined by glutathionperoxidase (GPx) levels and perioperative inflammation represented by interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were measured at predefined perioperative time points. Results At end of surgery, both groups showed a comparable decrease of circulating selenium concentrations. Likewise, levels of oxidative stress and IL-6 were comparable in both groups. Selenium levels correlated with antioxidant capacity (GPx: r = 0.720; p<0.001) and showed a negative correlation to myocardial damage (CK-MB: r = −0.571, p<0.001). Low postoperative selenium levels had a high predictive value for the occurrence of any postoperative complication. Conclusions OPCAB surgery is not associated with less oxidative stress and a better preservation of the circulating selenium pool than on-pump surgery. Low postoperative selenium levels are predictive for the development of complications. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01409057
The GMT-CfA, Carnegie, Catolica, Chicago Large Earth Finder (G-CLEF): a general purpose optical echelle spectrograph for the GMT with precision radial velocity capability

The GMT-CfA, Carnegie, Catolica, Chicago Large Earth Finder (G-CLEF) is a fiber fed, optical echelle spectrograph that has undergone conceptual design for consideration as a first light instrument at the Giant Magellan Telescope. GCLEF has been designed to be a general-purpose echelle spectrograph with precision radial velocity (PRV) capability. We have defined the performance envelope of G-CLEF to address several of the highest science priorities in the Decadal Survey1. The spectrograph optical design is an asymmetric, two-arm, white pupil design. The asymmetric white pupil design is adopted to minimize the size of the refractive camera lenses. The spectrograph beam is nominally 300 mm, reduced to 200 mm after dispersion by the R4 echelle grating. The peak efficiency of the spectrograph is >35% and the passband is 3500-9500Å. The spectrograph is primarily fed with three sets of fibers to enable three observing modes: High-Throughput, Precision-Abundance and PRV. The respective resolving powers of these modes are R~ 25,000, 40,000 and 120,000. We also anticipate having an R~40,000 Multi-object Spectroscopy mode with a multiplex of ~40 fibers. In PRV mode, each of the seven 8.4m GMT primary mirror sub-apertures feeds an individual fiber, which is scrambled after pupil-slicing. The goal radial velocity precision of G-CLEF is ∂V <10 cm/sec radial. In this paper, we provide a flowdown from fiducial science programs to design parameters. We discuss the optomechanical, electrical, structural and thermal design and present a roadmap to first light at the GMT.
Privacy Management Strategies : An Exploratory Cluster Analysis Full Paper

Online privacy management research related to e-commerce mainly focuses on whether or not to disclose information. Online social networking (OSN) on the other hand, offers a broader set of privacy management strategies. However, how individuals use these OSN strategies has not yet been studied. We survey college students about a popular OSN website and four privacy management strategies: privacy setting use, limiting content disclosure, friend list variety ,and firend list size. We take an exploratory approach using cluster analysis that results in four clusters with varying combinations of privacy management strategies. The findings reveal intriguing differences among the combinations of privacy control strategies. Overall, the findings support the control portfolios approach of Kirsch. Further, we show that each cluster has unique motivations for continued OSN use. Implications for future research are discussed.