Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Conversations with status and power: how Everyday Theatre offers ‘spaces of agency’ to participants

This article reviews Everyday Theatre, an interactive applied theatre project from Auckland based company Applied Theatre Consultants Ltd., which explores the dynamics of family relationships and touches obliquely on issues of abuse and violence. The article looks at the form, strategies and processes of Everyday Theatre and explores how the young participants are given opportunities for agency, both aesthetically and in terms of the structure and direction of the event. Beginning with an attempt to offer a critical framework for the discussion of power and status, largely informed by Freirean and Foucaultian principles, the article then traces how the power relations between participants and facilitators are negotiated in each phase of the programme. Whilst asserting that important spaces for agency are created within it, the article also discusses the inevitable limitations of participants' empowerment in any theatre, or pedagogical relationship. The article concludes with the suggestion that by offering deliberately incomplete narratives within a careful process that at once builds and productively constrains participant agency, ‘The Family Game’ offers a sensitive and fitting approach to the issue of children's agency within families.
Workfare: A Geopolitical Etymology

The author traces the origins, evolution, and contested meanings of the ‘keyword’ workfare (work + welfare) in the United States which, in the space of 30 years, has evolved from a technocratic term deployed in the process of intrawelfare reform, through to powerful signifier of a systemic, postwelfare ‘alternative’. Discursive struggles around workfare are shown to have played a decisive role in reencoding the language of poverty politics, as ‘old’ discourses of needs, decency, compassion, and entitlement have been discredited, while ‘new’ (or more accurately reworked) discourses of work, responsibility, self-sufficiency, and empowerment have been forcefully advanced. This process is a geopolitical one in the sense that local models and stories of workfare have been absorbed—in a transformative way—into the new orthodoxies of policy discourse and practice. The ascendancy of local workfare (represented as the ‘solution’ to the ‘welfare mess’) over federal welfare (itself now a political attack term) has been associated not only with a rolling back of the language, routines, and systems of welfarism, but also with the rolling forward of radically new institutions and vocabularies of regulation. Although it continues to be contested, workfare is becoming the regulatory antonym of welfare; the programme is becoming programmatic. The paper presents a political-economic contextualization of workfare discourse.
Category and stereotype activation: Is prejudice inevitable?

Three experiments tested the hypothesis that people high and low in prejudice respond similarly to direct stereotype activation but differently to category activation. Study 1 (N=40) showed that high- and low-prejudice people share the same knowledge of the stereotype of Black people. In Study 2, (N=51) high-prejudice participants formed a more negative and less positive impression of the target person after subliminal priming of the category Blacks than did participants in the no-prime condition. Low-prejudice people tended in the opposite direction. In Study 3 (N=45), both high- and low-prejudice people increased negative ratings when valenced stereotype content was also primed. These findings support a distinction between automatic stereotype activation resulting from direct priming and that consequent upon category activation, implying that the relations among categorization, stereotyping, and prejudice are more flexible than it is often assumed.
COMPARATIVE PHARMACOKINETIC STUDIES OF CETIRIZINE TABLETS IN HEALTHY HUMAN VOLUNTEERS

An Optimized LC-MS condition was proposed for the estimation in human plasma. Cetrizine had been chromatographed on a C18 column with a mobile phase Water and Methanol in the ratio of 60:40v/v. the mobile phase was pumped in the flow rate of 0.5ml/min. Erythromycin was used as an internal standard and eluents were monitored at 749 nm. The data presented in this report were validated for the estimation of cetrizine in human plasma over a concentration range of 10.0-600.0 ng/ml. The precision and accuracy are very much within the prescribed limit in this concentration ranges. The values obtained from the system suitability studies demonstrate the suitability of the system for the analysis of Cetrizine in plasma. Limit of Detection of the method was 3.0ng/ml and Limit of Quantization was 10.0ng/ml which shows that the developed method has adequate sensitivity and also more than 50 samples can be processed at a time without affecting the assay values. The method developed was accurate, accordingly to the requirement of LCMS which can be use4d for the estimation of Cetrizine in plasma samples.
Empathy-Related Ratings to Still Images of Human and Nonhuman Animal Groups in Negative Contexts Graded for Phylogenetic Similarity

ABSTRACT Research using film stimuli has shown that the strength of empathy-related responses toward nonhuman animals is related to the amount of phylogenetic similarity of the animals to humans. The present study aimed to develop and validate a new set of still images depicting humans and nonhuman animals (primates, quadruped mammals, birds, reptiles) in negative circumstances to provide greater control over variable image quality and contextual features found to be present in film stimuli. Following development of the stimulus set, participants (40 males, 46 females) with a mean age of 23.35 years made subjective ratings of empathy and other reactions to the images. The hypothesized effect of higher ratings of empathy for nonhuman animals that were more closely related to humans was supported. The same effect of phylogenetic similarity was also observed for ratings of arousal, dominance, interest, and pleasantness elicited by the images. Moreover, a clear effect of trait empathy emerged, consistent with the prediction that higher empathy ratings would be elicited from those higher in trait empathy. Familiarity, as assessed by level of involvement with the presence and care of animals, was also positively related to trait empathy. The findings validate a new methodology for the assessment of human empathy toward other humans and nonhuman species depicted in negative life situations. Furthermore, the findings demonstrate that human empathy generalizes toward other species according to perceived phylogenetic similarity.
The Interaction Between Knowledge Codification and Knowledge Sharing Networks

Current knowledge management (KM) technologies and strategies advocate two different approaches: knowledge codification and knowledge-sharing networks. However, the extant literature has paid limited attention to the interaction between them. This research draws on the literature on formal modeling of networks to examine the interaction between knowledge codification and knowledge-sharing networks. The analysis suggests that an increase in codification may damage existing network-sharing ties. Anticipating that, individuals may hoard their knowledge to protect their network ties, even when there are nontrivial rewards for codification. We find that despite the aforementioned tension between the codification and the network approach, a firm may still benefit from combining the two approaches. Specifically, when the future sharing potential between knowledge workers is high, a combination of the two approaches may outperform a codification-only or a network-only approach because the codification reward causes fewer network ties to break down, and the benefit from increased codification can offset the loss of some network ties. However, when the future sharing potential is low, an increase in codification reward can quickly break down the whole network. Thus, firms may be better off by pursuing a codification-only or a network-only strategy.
Fair access and fee setting in English universities: what do institutional statements suggest about university strategiesin a stratified quasi-market?

This paper explores how English universities operating in a ‘quasi-market’ are managing the tension between two policy expectations: the first that they should encourage social mobility by widening the social base of their student population; the second that they should compete with other universities to attract students and thereby remain financially viable, within the context of a stratified higher education system. In doing so we draw on widening participation access agreements submitted to the Office for Fair Access (OFFA) and other publicly available material produced by eight universities in one region of England to analyse how universities from different mission groups are responding to these conflicting demands. We explore the extent to which institutional and resource dependency theories offer a framework for analysing universities' responses to such policy uncertainty. We conclude that while institutional and resource dependency theories are a useful tool to understanding both conformity and variation in universities' responses, these responses are difficult to predict without also analysing the specifics of the historical and cultural context of any particular institution.
Oral Leukoplakia as It Relates to HPV Infection: A Review

Leukoplakia is the most common potentially malignant lesion of the oral cavity and can be categorised according to its clinical appearance as homogeneous or nonhomogenous. Tobacco and areca nut use, either alone or in combination are the most common risk factors for oral leukoplakia, but some oral leukoplakias are idiopathic. Some leukoplakias arise within fields of precancerized oral epithelium in which the keratinocytes may be at different stages of cytogenetic transformation. Leukoplakias may unpredictably regress, may remain stable, or may progress to carcinoma. There is a greater risk of carcinomatous transformation of idiopathic leukoplakia, of non-homogenous leukoplakia, of leukoplakia affecting the floor of the mouth; the ventrolateral surface of the tongue and the maxillary retromolar and adjoining soft palate (collectively called high-risk sites), of leukoplakia with high-grade epithelial dysplasia, and of leukoplakia in which the keratinocytes carry cytogenetic alterations associated with carcinomatous transformation. Although there appears to be some link between human papillomavirus (HPV) and oral leukoplakia, there is little evidence to support a causal relationship either between HPV infection and oral leukoplakia or between HPV-infected leukoplakic keratinocytes and their carcinomatous transformation.
The Puppet and the Dwarf: The Perverse Core of Christianity

forced to break with kinship ties and to sell their labor. This development should have meant the end to the cooperative/communal agricultural system. Evidence shows, however, that this system was in place at the time of U.S. annexation in 1846. How could it have survived? Via the Brotherhood. Carroll hypothesizes that the Brotherhood was born in the midst of this kin-based crisis. In fact, its popularity was a response to that crisis: “[Penitente] internal organization and the imagery their rituals evoked were well suited to establishing and stabilizing the male-to-male authority relations” (p. 119). Hence, the movement was able to temper in pre-annexation New Mexico the damaging side-effects of the Bourbon Reforms and permit the continuation of cooperative/communal land use. However, with annexation, everything changed through Hispano dispossession: “By the early 1900s Hispano farmers had lost 80 percent of the land they had controlled at annexation” (p. 180). How could so much be lost and, according to Carroll, with so little resistance? It is here that the author introduces his most radical thesis: The Brotherhood with its emphasis on social disciplining and respect for authority gave rise to a Hispano male personality type that “facilitated the very domination that was depriving them of their land” (p. 188). It did so through a legitimization of and cooperation with Anglo designs. Hence he posits the surprising conclusion of an elective affinity between a Penitente-engendered personality type and U.S. expansionism. The Brotherhood that had stabilized Hispano society in pre-annexation New Mexico, in post-annexation years facilitated its dismantling. In sum, Carroll’s multifaceted recounting of Hispano Catholicism in historic New Mexico is well written and compelling. Indeed, all things were not as “we thought they were. ” Sociologist of religion and those interested in Southwestern historiography would benefit from this book’s insights. One methodological limitation is the confidence that the reader must place in the author in order to trust his accounting. For he proposes a “gestalt shift” (p. 88) in the way previous researchers perceived the data, and he adds: “I can only say that the story I am about to tell is at least as consistent with the available historical evidence as the more familiar stories you may already have heard about New Mexico” (p. 4). Hence, in the end, it is a tossup. However, this reader enthusiastically grants Carroll the benefit of the doubt.
Utilizing Internet-Based Videoconferencing for Instrumental Music Lessons

This exploration of online applied music lessons focused on nine trumpet lessons between Jeremy, a college trumpet professor on the East Coast, and Kate, an eighth-grade trumpet player in the Midwest. These lessons followed an entry-level videoconferencing approach using personal computers, Web cams, and Skype videoconferencing software. These lessons demonstrated that the format was functional on a basic level. Jeremy was able to provide helpful feedback and Kate showed progress. However, the limitations of video delay and limited visual controls presented sufficient challenges so that this format appears to be only a supplement for face-to-face lessons at the current time. In this study some unique features of online lessons are addressed and recommendations are made for future practice.
Gender constancy and the "cost" of sex-typed behavior: A test of the conflict hypothesis.

Ninety-five children between 5- and 10-years-old watched televised boys and girls who differentially endorsed toys of varying attractiveness. The study was designed to test the hypothesis that behavioral expression of gender norms that arouse conflict would be delayed relative to norms that are conflict-free. Predictions were supported for boys. Gender-constant boys spent more time playing with an uninteresting sex-typed toy than did preconstant boys. When the sex-typed toy was relatively interesting, preconstant boys played with it as much as gender constant boys. Toy play among girls was related to toy attractiveness and the girl's agreement with televised stereotypes
STOCHASTIC SOLUTIONS FOR FRACTIONAL CAUCHY PROBLEMS

Every infinitely divisible law defines a convolution semigroup that solves an abstract Cauchy problem. In the fractional Cauchy problem, we replace the first order time derivative by a fractional derivative. Solutions to fractional Cauchy problems are obtained by subordinating the solution to the original Cauchy problem. Fractional Cauchy problems are useful in physics to model anomalous diffusion. Mathematics Subject Classification: 26A33, 60E07
An intergenerational study of three gifted women: Obstacles and challenges confronting women of high potential

This intergenerational, narrative study focused upon obstacles and challenges confronting three gifted women in three generations in the same family. The investigation involved educational and career choices, personal aspirations of achievement and success, education, decision making, and quality of life satisfaction of these three women. Semi‐structured interviews were used as the primary source of data. Generalizations were derived from major themes and categories and were constructed based upon the constant‐comparative analyses of data and case study methodologies. Findings include the importance of the following to gifted women: role models, education, personal satisfaction, decision making, being good, attributes of work, and double messages. Issues that interfered with reaching full potential were: providing for basic needs of family, children, work, and others; the role of personal satisfaction as a quality of life; and the ability to accommodate wants, needs, and expectations of others.
Cucurbitacin I Suppressed Stem-Like Property and Enhanced Radiation-Induced Apoptosis in Head and Neck Squamous Carcinoma–Derived CD44+ALDH1+ Cells

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a prevalent cancer worldwide. Signal transducers and activators of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling is reported to promote tumor malignancy and recurrence in HNSCC. Cucurbitacins, triterpenoid derivatives, are strong STAT3 inhibitors with anticancer properties. Recent studies have shown aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) to be a marker of cancer stem cells (CSC) in HNSCC. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of cucurbitacin I in HNSCC-derived CSCs. Using immunohistochemical analysis, we firstly showed that CD44, ALDH1, and phosphorylated STAT3 (p-STAT3) were higher in high-grade HNSCCs, and that triple positivity for CD44/ALDH1/p-STAT3 indicated a worse prognosis for HNSCC patients. Secondly, CD44+ALDH1+ cells isolated from seven HNSCC patients showed greater tumorigenicity, radioresistance, and high expression of stemness (Bmi-1/Oct-4/Nanog) and epithelial-mesenchymal-transitional (Snail/Twist) genes as p-STAT3 level increased. Furthermore, we found that cucurbitacin I (JSI-124) can effectively inhibit the expression of p-STAT3 and capacities for tumorigenicity, sphere formation, and radioresistance in HNSCC-CD44+ALDH1+. Notably, 150 nmol/L cucurbitacin I effectively blocked STAT3 signaling and downstream survivin and Bcl-2 expression, and it induced apoptosis in HNSCC-CD44+ALDH1+. Moreover, microarray data indicated that 100 nmol/L cucurbitacin I facilitated CD44+ALDH1+ cells to differentiate into CD44−ALDH1− and enhanced the radiosensitivity of HNSCC-CD44+ALDH1+. Xenotransplant experiments revealed that cucurbitacin I combined with radiotherapy significantly suppressed tumorigenesis and lung metastasis and further improved the survival rate in HNSCC-CD44+ALDH1+-transplanted immunocompromised mice. Taken together, our data show that cucurbitacin I, STAT3 inhibitor, reduces radioresistant, distant-metastatic, and CSC-like properties of HNSCC-CD44+ALDH1+ cells. The potential of cucurbitacin I as a radiosensitizer should be verified in future anti-CSC therapy. Mol Cancer Ther; 9(11); 2879–92. ©2010 AACR.
Fluoride release and re-release from various esthetic restorative materials.

PURPOSE To measure the amount of fluoride release and re-release after re-charge from two commonly used esthetic restorative materials and compare it to a new experimental material. METHODS 30 standardized disc-shaped specimens were fabricated using resin-based composite (Z100), resin-modified glass-ionomer cement (Vitremer) and a new experimental material which is a self-curing resin-based composite with light curing option. 10 specimens were made from each material. The specimens of each group were immersed separately in 10 ml distilled water. Fluoride release was measured after 1, 7, 14 and 30 days using a fluoride-specific ion electrode and an ion-analyzer. The specimens were then exposed to 2.0% neutral sodium fluoride foam (0.9% fluoride ion). The amount of fluoride re-released was measured at Days 1, 7, 14 and 30. RESULTS An ANOVA indicated a statically significant variance among the groups (P< 0.001). The experimental group demonstrated significantly less fluoride release at Day 1 compared to Day 31 (first day after 2% sodium fluoride application). At Days 7, 14 and 30 there was significantly more fluoride release than Day 7, 14 and 30 after the topical fluoride application (P< 0.001). There was significantly more fluoride release from Vitremer than the experimental material at Days 1 and 7. However, similar release was observed at Days 14 and 30 for Vitremer and experimental material, but not for Z100. Both Vitremer and the experimental material showed significantly more release of fluoride compared to Z100 at all time points. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE This study demonstrates that the new experimental material released fluoride, re-charged and re-released fluoride at a level comparable to Vitremer but more than Z100.
Ten years on: A review of recent research on the Job Demand–Control (-Support) model and psychological well-being

Abstract In 1999, van der Doef and Maes published a systematic review focusing on the Job-Demand–Control (JDC) model (Karasek, 1979) and the Job Demand–Control (-Support) (JDCS) model (Johnson & Hall, 1988) in relation to psychological well-being. Their review covered the period from 1979 to 1997. The present paper updates and extends this review. Covering research from 83 studies published between 1998 and 2007, our review revealed three major results: First, support for additive effects of demands, control, and social support on general psychological well-being is almost always found if the sample size is sufficient. Second, although there was consistent evidence for additive effects in relation to job-related well-being in cross-sectional studies, support rates were lower in longitudinal data. Thus, reciprocal or reversed causation might account for part of the association between JDC/JDCS dimensions and job-related well-being. Finally, evidence for interactive effects as predicted by the buffer hypotheses of the JDC/JDCS model was very weak overall. However, the pattern of results indicates that this is due neither to spurious evidence for such interactions nor to small effect sizes. Instead, our results suggest that buffering effects depend on whether or not demands and control are based on qualitatively identical JDC/JDCS dimensions (matching principle).
Explainable ensemble learning method for OCT detection with transfer learning

The accuracy and interpretability of artificial intelligence (AI) are crucial for the advancement of optical coherence tomography (OCT) image detection, as it can greatly reduce the manual labor required by clinicians. By prioritizing these aspects during development and application, we can make significant progress towards streamlining the clinical workflow. In this paper, we propose an explainable ensemble approach that utilizes transfer learning to detect fundus lesion diseases through OCT imaging. Our study utilized a publicly available OCT dataset consisting of normal subjects, patients with dry age-related macular degeneration (AMD), and patients with diabetic macular edema (DME), each with 15 samples. The impact of pre-trained weights on the performance of individual networks was first compared, and then these networks were ensemble using majority soft polling. Finally, the features learned by the networks were visualized using Grad-CAM and CAM. The use of pre-trained ImageNet weights improved the performance from 68.17% to 92.89%. The ensemble model consisting of the three CNN models with pre-trained parameters loaded performed best, correctly distinguishing between AMD patients, DME patients and normal subjects 100% of the time. Visualization results showed that Grad-CAM could display the lesion area more accurately. It is demonstrated that the proposed approach could have good performance of both accuracy and interpretability in retinal OCT image detection.