Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Multiple Enzyme (ROVABIO® Max) Containing Carbohydrolases and Phytase on Growth Performance and Intestinal Viscosity in Broiler Chicks Fed Corn-Wheat-Soybean Meal Based Diets

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with multiple enzymes composed of phytase plus carbohydrolases (ROVABIO ® Max, RM) on growth performance, nutritional availability and intestinal viscosity in broiler chicks. A total of one thousand, one-day-old male broiler chicks were randomly allotted into treatment groups that received one of five experimental diets for 32 days. Each group consisted of 40 birds and all experiments included five replicates. The dietary treatments included PC (a positive control diet), NC1 (65 kcal/kg, 0.15% and 0.10% less ME, available phosphorus and calcium levels, respectively, than the PC diet), NC2 (85 kcal/kg, 0.20% and 0.10% less ME, available phosphorus and calcium levels, respectively, than the PC diet), NC1+RM (NC1 plus ROVABIO ® Max) and NC2+RM (NC2 plus ROVABIO ® Max). The average body weights, daily body weight gains and feed conversion rates of the chicks fed a diet containing RM improved significantly or tended to improve. The treatments also had no effect on the carcass characteristics or blood parameters, but the viscosity of the intestinal contents of the chicks fed the diet containing RM was significantly lower than that of chicks in the NC without RM groups. Additionally, chicks fed the dietary RM showed increased breaking strength and ash content of the tibia when compared to chicks that received the non-RM diets. Taken together, the results of the present study indicated that the addition of multiple enzymes consisting of phytase plus NSP enzymes improved the growth performance and mineral status of the tibia in broiler chickens fed com-wheat-soybean meal-based diets with reduced levels of nutrients. Further, these findings suggest that the improved animal performance is associated with reduced intestinal viscosity by the dietary enzyme complex.
Treatment of inflammatory internal root resorption with mineral trioxide aggregate: a case report.

AIM To report the treatment and follow-up of a maxillary central incisor with internal resorption managed by root canal treatment, white mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) repair and a fibre-glass post for reinforcement. SUMMARY This study presents a case of extensive internal root resorption affecting tooth 11 (FDI) in a 28-year-old male patient, with a history of trauma in that region. The substantial loss of tooth structure, including cementum, and a perforation with lateral periodontal communication were complicating factors. Despite a guarded prognosis but encouraged by a healthy periodontal condition, treatment based on reconstructing the tooth with white MTA and a fibre-glass core was carried out. Follow-up radiographs over 20 months demonstrated the maintenance of a functional tooth. The tooth did, however, discolour after MTA treatment. KEY LEARNING POINTS Because of its insidious pathology, internal root resorption can extend to significant dimensions before being recognized. MTA plus the fitting of a fibre-glass post provided adequate, functional rehabilitation of a compromised tooth for 20 months. Despite the favourable biological and mechanical properties of white MTA, considerable tooth discolouration may occur.
List circular coloring of trees and cycles

Suppose G=(V, E) is a graph and p ≥ 2q are positive integers. A (p, q)-coloring of G is a mapping p: V → l0, 1, …, p-1r such that for any edge xy of G, q ≤ |p(x)-p(y)| ≤ p-q. A color-list is a mapping L: V → $\cal P$(l0, 1, …, p-1r) which assigns to each vertex v a set L(v) of permissible colors. An L-(p, q)-coloring of G is a (p, q)-coloring p of G such that for each vertex v, p(v) ∈ L(v). We say G is L-(p, q)-colorable if there exists an L-(p, q)-coloring of G. A color-size-list is a mapping e which assigns to each vertex v a non-negative integer e(v). We say G is e-(p, q)-colorable if for every color-list L with |L(v)| = e(v), G is L-(p, q)-colorable. In this article, we consider list circular coloring of trees and cycles. For any tree T and for any p ≥ 2q, we present a necessary and sufficient condition for T to be e-(p, q)-colorable. For each cycle C and for each positive integer k, we present a condition on e which is sufficient for C to be e-(2k+1, k)-colorable, and the condition is sharp. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Graph Theory 55: 249–265, 2007 Part of the work was done during the stay of X.Z. at LaBRI, supported by the French Ministry of Education.
Ultimatum Bargaining Experiments: The State of the Art

In the basic ultimatum bargaining game two players, P1 and P2, must divide a pie ( ). P1 proposes a division in which he gets x and P2 gets x. P2 can then accept the division, in which the is split according to P1's proposal, or reject the proposal, in which case neither player gets anything. The current paper reviews empirical research on ultimatum bargaining games. It covers early work starting with Guth et al. (1982), but largely fo- cuses on more recent work (post Roth (1995)). Taken together, the research suggests that P1's behavior in largely in accord with game theoretic income-maximization, but P2's behavior cannot be easily reconciled with standard game-theoretic assumptions. Rather, P2 seems to be driven by a sense of fairness, specifically, a desire to be treated fairly by P1. Both P1 and P2 behavior are in agree- ment with equity theory. The most important conclusion that falls out of this review is that players' motivations, which often are not the ones posited by traditional game theory (and neo-classical eco- nomics, in general), and their perceptions of others' motivations are of fundamental importance in understanding strategic interac- tion. Other ultimatum bargaining findings are reported as well. Future research directions are suggested throughout.
The Effect of Pentoxifylline on Existing Hypersensitivity in a Rat Model of Neuropathy

BACKGROUND:Using a rat L5 spinal nerve transection model we previously showed that pentoxifylline prevents hyperalgesia through antiinflammation in the prefrontal brain. In this study, we examined efficacy when applied after injury. METHODS:We examined the effect of pentoxifylline on existing mechanical allodynia, observing glial activation and proinflammatory cytokine expression in the lumbar spinal cord, when given 7 days after L5 spinal nerve transection. RESULTS:There was no effect from pentoxifylline on existing hypersensitivity, glial activation, and cytokine expression when applied after L5 spinal nerve transection. CONCLUSION:Pentoxifylline administered intraperitoneally on day 7 postsurgery failed to alleviate existing hypersensitivity, or reduce glial activation and cytokine expression.
Technicolor and precision tests of the electroweak interactions

Precision electroweak measurements have been claimed to eliminate almost all models of technicolor. We show that the assumptions made to calculate the oblique parameters $S$,$T$,$U$ apply to QCD--like technicolor models which were ruled out long ago on much firmer grounds. These assumptions are invalid in modern ``walking'' technicolor models.
Innate Immune Response of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Fibroblasts and Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Periodontopathogens

Periodontitis involves complex interplay of bacteria and host immune response resulting in destruction of supporting tissues of the tooth. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a role in recognizing microbial pathogens and eliciting an innate immune response. Recently, the potential application of multipotent stem cells and pluripotent stem cells including human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in periodontal regenerative therapy has been proposed. However, little is known about the impact of periodontopathogens on hESC-derived progenies. This study investigates the effects of heat-killed periodontopathogens, namely, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, on TLR and cytokine expression profile of hESC-derived progenies, namely, fibroblasts (hESC-Fib) and mesenchymal stem cells (hESC-MSCs). Additionally, the serotype-dependent effect of A. actinomycetemcomitans on hESC-derived progenies was explored. Both hESC-Fib and hESC-MSCs constitutively expressed TLR-2 and TLR-4. hESC-Fib upon exposure to periodontopathogens displayed upregulation of TLRs and release of cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8). In contrast, hESC-MSCs were largely nonresponsive to bacterial challenge, especially in terms of cytokine production. Further, exposure of hESC-Fib to A. actinomycetemcomitans serotype c was associated with higher IL-8 production than serotype b. In contrast, the hESC-MSCs displayed no serotype-dependent response. Differential response of the two hESC progenies implies a phenotype-dependent response to periodontopathogens and supports the concept of immunomodulatory properties of MSCs.
High-level Relatedness among Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense Strains from Widely Separated Outbreaks

Three recently sequenced strains isolated from patients during an outbreak of Mycobacterium abscessus subsp. massiliense infections at a cystic fibrosis center in the United States were compared with 6 strains from an outbreak at a cystic fibrosis center in the United Kingdom and worldwide strains. Strains from the 2 cystic fibrosis outbreaks showed high-level relatedness with each other and major-level relatedness with strains that caused soft tissue infections during an epidemic in Brazil. We identified unique single-nucleotide polymorphisms in cystic fibrosis and soft tissue outbreak strains, separate single-nucleotide polymorphisms only in cystic fibrosis outbreak strains, and unique genomic traits for each subset of isolates. Our findings highlight the necessity of identifying M. abscessus to the subspecies level and screening all cystic fibrosis isolates for relatedness to these outbreak strains. We propose 2 diagnostic strategies that use partial sequencing of rpoB and secA1 genes and a multilocus sequence typing protocol.
The B7 Family and Cancer Therapy: Costimulation and Coinhibition

The activation and development of an adaptive immune response is initiated by the engagement of a T-cell antigen receptor by an antigenic peptide-MHC complex. The outcome of this engagement is determined by both positive and negative signals, costimulation and coinhibition, generated mainly by the interaction between the B7 family and their receptor CD28 family. The importance of costimulation and coinhibition of T cells in controlling immune responses is exploited by tumors as immune evasion pathways. Absence of the expression of costimulatory B7 molecules renders tumors invisible to the immune system, whereas enhanced expression of inhibitory B7 molecules protects them from effective T cell destruction. Therefore, the manipulation of these pathways is crucial for developing effective tumor immunotherapy. Translation of our basic knowledge of costimulation and coinhibition into early clinical trials has shown considerable promise.
Effect of Mindfulness Based Stress Management on Reduction of Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate whether an eight-week group mindfulness-based stress reduction program would be an acceptable and effective treatment for patients suffering from GAD. Methods: Eligible subjects with generalized anxiety disorder were recruited to Parsa Hospital and Shahid Rajaee Counseling and Social Work Center from June 2009 to October 2011. An experienced psychiatrist diagnosed these patients with a structured clinical interview for axis I disorders and a clinical psychologist conducted a clinical interview for in order to confirm the diagnosis. Subjects were randomized to an eight week course of group mindfulness based stress reduction program (16 subjects) or a control group (15 subjects). Subjects completed measures of anxiety, depressive symptoms and worry at baseline and end of treatment. To investigate the relationship between anxiety, depression and worry symptoms and mindfulness based stress reduction as well as controlling pretest effect, data were analyzed with analysis of covariance. Results: There were significant reductions in anxiety (P<0/001), depressive (P<0/001) and worry symptoms (P<0/001) from baseline to end of treatment. Conclusion: Mindfulness- based stress reduction may be an acceptable intervention in the improvement of generalized anxiety disorder symptoms. Future trials include development of randomized clinical trials of MBSR for GAD.
Group cognitive behavioral therapy for patients with generalized social anxiety disorder in Japan: outcomes at 1-year follow up and outcome predictors

Background Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders worldwide. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is an effective treatment option for patients with SAD. In the present study, we examined the efficacy of group CBT for patients with generalized SAD in Japan at 1-year follow-up and investigated predictors with regard to outcomes. Methods This study was conducted as a single-arm, naturalistic, follow-up study in a routine Japanese clinical setting. A total of 113 outpatients with generalized SAD participated in group CBT from July 2003 to August 2010 and were assessed at follow-ups for up to 1 year. Primary outcome was the total score on the Social Phobia Scale/Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SPS/SIAS) at 1 year. Possible baseline predictors were investigated using mixed-model analyses. Results Among the 113 patients, 70 completed the assessment at the 1-year follow-up. The SPS/SIAS scores showed significant improvement throughout the follow-ups for up to 1 year. The effect sizes of SPS/SIAS at the 1-year follow-up were 0.68 (95% confidence interval 0.41–0.95)/0.76 (0.49–1.03) in the intention-to-treat group and 0.77 (0.42–1.10)/0.84 (0.49–1.18) in completers. Older age at baseline, late onset, and lower severity of SAD were significantly associated with good outcomes as a result of mixed-model analyses. Conclusions CBT for patients with generalized SAD in Japan is effective for up to 1 year after treatment. The effect sizes were as large as those in previous studies conducted in Western countries. Older age at baseline, late onset, and lower severity of SAD were predictors for a good outcome from group CBT.
A phase II trial evaluating two schedules of sagopilone (ZK-EPO), a novel epothilone, in patients with platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.

BACKGROUND Sagopilone, the first fully synthetic epothilone, has shown promising preclinical activity in tumour models. This open-label randomised phase II study investigated two infusion schedules of sagopilone in women with ovarian cancer. PATIENTS AND METHODS Women with ovarian cancer recurring within 6 months of end of last platinum-containing treatment received sagopilone 16 mg/m(2) as a 3- or 0.5-h i.v. infusion every 21 days for up to 6 weeks. RESULTS Sixty-three patients received sagopilone as a 3-h (n=38) or 0.5-h (n=25) infusion. There were nine confirmed tumour responses [by modified RECIST (n=8) and by Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup CA-125 criteria (n=1)] in 57 patients assessable for efficacy overall [three (13%) with 0.5-h and six (18%) with 3-h infusions]. The 0.5-h arm was closed when it failed to meet its target efficacy. Main drug-related adverse events were peripheral sensory neuropathy (73%; 16% grade 3), nausea (37%; 2% grade 3), fatigue (35%; 3% grade 3) and arthralgia (30%; 5% grade 3). Overall incidence of peripheral sensory neuropathy was similar in both treatment arms, with no grade 4 neuropathy events. No acute allergic infusion reactions were observed. CONCLUSION Sagopilone is effective, with balanced tolerability, in patients with recurrent platinum-resistant ovarian cancer.
Market Risk Measurement and the Cattle Feeding Margin: An Application of Value-at-Risk

Value-at-Risk, known as VaR, gives a prediction of potential portfolio losses, with a certain level of confidence, that may be encountered over a specified time period due to adverse price movements in the portfolio's assets. For example, a VaR of 1 million dollars at the 95% level of confidence implies that overall portfolio losses should not exceed 1 million dollars more than 5% of the time over a given holding period. This research examines the effectiveness of VaR measures, developed using alternative estimation techniques, in predicting large losses in the cattle feeding margin. Results show that several estimation techniques, both parametric and non-parametric, provide well- calibrated estimates of VaR such that violations (losses exceeding the VaR estimate) are commensurate with the desired level of confidence. In particular, estimates developed using JP Morgan's Risk Metrics methodology appear robust for instruments that have linear payoff structures such as cash commodity prices.
AGN jet‐induced feedback in galaxies – II. Galaxy colours from a multicloud simulation

We study the feedback from an AGN on stellar formation within its host galaxy, mainly using one high resolution numerical simulation of the jet propagation within the interstellar medium of an early-type galaxy. In particular, we show that in a realistic simulation where the jet propagates into a two-phase ISM, star formation can initially be slightly enhanced and then, on timescales of few million years, rapidly quenched, as a consequence both of the high temperatures attained and of the reduction of cloud mass (mainly due to Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities). We then introduce a model of (prevalently) negative AGN feedback, where an exponentially declining star formation is quenched, on a very short time scale, at a time tAGN, due to AGN feedback. Using the Bruzual & Charlot (2003) population synthesis model and our star formation history, we predict galaxy colours from this model and match them to a sample of nearby early-type galaxies showing signs of recent episodes of star formation (Kaviraj et al. 2007). We find that the quantity tgal tAGN, where tgal is the galaxy age, is an excellent indicator of the presence of feedback processes, and peaks significantly around tgal tAGN � 0.85Gyr for our sample, consistent with feedback from recent energy injection by AGNs in relatively bright (MB � 19) and massive nearby early-type galaxies. Galaxies that have experienced this recent feedback show an enhancement of 3 magnitudes in NUV (GALEX) g, with respect to the unperturbed, no-feedback evolution. Hence they can be easily identified in large combined near UV-optical surveys.
Users' perception of mobile payment

This paper reports from an empirical study of users' attitudes pertaining to novel payment solutions, particularly e-cash and mobile micro payments (m-payments). This is a particularly important aspect of mobile services development, since cumbersome payment allegedly is a significant barrier to the adoption of mobile commerce. Moreover, it is often seen as a 'killer' mobile application in its own right, which is expected to have great ramifications for the industry. This paper questions this assumption. Based on a medium-sized questionnaire (n = 462), which was administered to a sample of mobile phone users, we concluded that the current view of m-payment as a stand-alone 'product' has not been very successful. We believe instead that users enjoy tighter integration of 'trying with buying'. It seems that co-located buying, trying and paying within the same medium comprise the more promising approach. The findings of this paper also confirm that mobility as such is not a particularly strong determinant for mobile services adoption.
A review of research on the job characteristics model and the attendant job diagnostic survey

The Job Characteristics Model is widely accepted as a conceptual tool for addressing problems related to employee demotivation, dissatisfaction and marginal performance. The validity of the Job Characteristics Model (Hackman & Oldham, 1980) was assessed by reviewing relevant studies of the model. The review and evaluation is based on studies which test the variables and the relationships between variables as contained in the model. The evidence confirms that the dimensionality of the job characteristics is best represented by the five-factor solution as proposed by the model. The subjective self-report measures of the five job characteristics as formulated by the theory and measured by the revised Job Diagnostic Survey (JDS) are also supported. No evidence was found for the multiplicative Motivating Potential Score (MPS) and as a result the use of a simple additive index of job complexity is recommended as predictor of personal and work outcomes. Strong empirical support exists for the relationships between the job characteristics and the personal outcomes. Strong relationships between the job characteristics and the work outcomes, however, fail to materialize. Results fail to support the mediating effect of psychological states on the job characteristics/outcomes relationships as specified by the model. The postulated relationships between job characteristics and psychological states are also not confirmed by empirical evidence. The role of growth-need strength, knowledge and skill, and work environment characteristics as moderators of the relationships between job characteristics and psychological states, as well as the relationships between psychological states and personal and work outcomes, are seriously questioned. Directions for future research on the Job Characteristics Model and the attendant Job Diagnostic Survey are proposed.
An XMM-Newton Observation of the Local Bubble Using a Shadowing Filament in the Southern Galactic Hemisphere

We present an analysis of the X-ray spectrum of the Local Bubble, obtained by simultaneously analyzing spectra from two XMM-Newton pointings on and off an absorbing filament in the southern Galactic hemisphere (b ≈ -45°). We use the difference in the Galactic column density in these two directions to deduce the contributions of the unabsorbed foreground emission due to the Local Bubble, and the absorbed emission from the Galactic halo and the extragalactic background. We find the Local Bubble emission is consistent with emission from a plasma in collisional ionization equilibrium with a temperature log(TLB/K) = 6.06 and an emission measure ndl = 0.018 cm-6 pc. Our measured temperature is in good agreement with values obtained from ROSAT All-Sky Survey data, but is lower than that measured by other recent XMM-Newton observations of the Local Bubble, which find log(TLB/K) ≈ 6.2 (although for some of these observations it is possible that the foreground emission is contaminated by non-Local Bubble emission from Loop I). The higher temperature observed toward other directions is inconsistent with our data when combined with a FUSE measurement of the Galactic halo O VI intensity. This therefore suggests that the Local Bubble is thermally anisotropic. Our data are unable to rule out a nonequilibrium model in which the plasma is underionized. However, an overionized recombining plasma model, while observationally acceptable for certain densities and temperatures, generally gives an implausibly young age for the Local Bubble (≲6 × 105 yr).