Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
p27Kip1 Is Required to Mediate a G1 Cell Cycle Arrest Downstream of ATM following Genotoxic Stress

The DNA damage response (DDR) is a coordinated signaling network that ensures the maintenance of genome stability under DNA damaging stress. In response to DNA lesions, activation of the DDR leads to the establishment of cell cycle checkpoints that delay cell-cycle progression and allow repair of the defects. The tumor suppressor p27Kip1 is a cyclin-CDK inhibitor that plays an important role in regulating quiescence in a variety of tissues. Several studies have suggested that p27Kip1 also plays a role in the maintenance of genomic integrity. Here we demonstrate that p27Kip1 is essential for the establishment of a G1 checkpoint arrest after DNA damage. We also uncovered that ATM phosphorylates p27Kip1 on a previously uncharacterized residue (Ser-140), which leads to its stabilization after induction of DNA double-strand breaks. Inhibition of this stabilization by replacing endogenous p27Kip1 with a Ser-140 phospho-mutant (S140A) significantly sensitized cells to IR treatments. Our findings reveal a novel role for p27Kip1 in the DNA damage response pathway and suggest that part of its tumor suppressing functions relies in its ability to mediate a G1 arrest after the induction of DNA double strand breaks.
Subjective age and personality development: a 10-year study.

Personality theory and research typically focus on chronological age as a key indicator of personality development. This study examines whether the subjective experience of age is an alternative marker of the biomedical and psychosocial factors that contribute to individual differences in personality development. The present study uses data from the Midlife in the United States longitudinal survey (N = 3,617) to examine how subjective age is associated with stability and change in personality and the dynamic associations between subjective age and personality traits over a 10-year period. Regression analyses indicated that a younger subjective age at baseline was associated with increases in Openness, Conscientiousness, and Agreeableness; correlated changes were also found. The rank-order stability of Extraversion and Openness and overall profile consistency were higher among those with a younger subjective age at baseline and were also associated with the rate of subjective aging over time. The present study reveals that beyond chronological age, the age an individual feels is related to changes in characteristic ways of thinking, feeling, and behaving over time.
Is peer review in crisis ?

Peer review is an essential component of scholarly publishing. In recent years it has attracted criticism and its role has been challenged. Based upon the findings of focus groups commissioned by Elsevier, this paper examines the role of peer review and discusses if, and how, it could be improved. Perspectives in Publishing is an occasional newsletter for journal editors. It aims to address generic issues in scholarly communication.
Initial experience with imaging-guided intramuscular botulinum toxin injection in patients with idiopathic cervical dystonia.

OBJECTIVE The objective of our study was to present our initial experiences of imaging-guided intramuscular botulinum toxin (BTX) injection in patients with idiopathic cervical dystonia. CONCLUSION Imaging-guided BTX injection is a useful treatment technique in patients with idiopathic cervical dystonia when target muscles are located deeply or an injection must be delivered to a focal muscle area.
Namhaeicola litoreus gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Flavobacteriaceae isolated from seawater.

A Gram-staining-negative, non-flagellated, non-gliding and pleomorphic bacterial strain, designated DPG-25(T), was isolated from seawater in a seaweed farm in the South Sea in Korea and its taxonomic position was investigated by using a polyphasic approach. Strain DPG-25(T) grew optimally at 25 °C, at pH 7.0-7.5 and in the presence of 2 % (w/v) NaCl. Flexirubin-type pigments were not produced. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that strain DPG-25(T) formed a cluster with the type strains of Actibacter sediminis, Aestuariicola saemankumensis and Lutimonas vermicola. Strain DPG-25(T) exhibited 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity values of 95.3, 93.1 and 93.6 % to the type strains of Actibacter sediminis, Aestuariicola saemankumensis and L. vermicola, respectively. Strain DPG-25(T) contained MK-6 as the predominant menaquinone and iso-C(15 : 0) and iso-C(17 : 0) 3-OH as the major fatty acids. The major polar lipids detected in strain DPG-25(T) were phosphatidylethanolamine and one unidentified lipid. The DNA G+C content was 39.9 mol%. Differential phenotypic properties and the phylogenetic distinctiveness of strain DPG-25(T) demonstrated that this strain is distinguishable from Actibacter sediminis, Aestuariicola saemankumensis and L. vermicola. On the basis of the data presented here, strain DPG-25(T) represents a novel species in a novel genus of the family Flavobacteriaceae, for which the name Namhaeicola litoreus gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Namhaeicola litoreus is DPG-25(T) (= KCTC 23702(T) = CCUG 61485(T)).
A 10 pJ/cycle ultra-low-voltage 32-bit microprocessor system-on-chip

We describe a voltage-scalable 32b microprocessor system-on-chip (SoC) that provides both moderate peak performance (up to 82.5 MHz at 1.2 V) and extreme energy efficiency (10.2 pJ/cycle at 0.54 V) for applications with limited energy budgets and time varying processing loads. The SoC employs low-voltage 8T SRAMs operating down to an array voltage of 0.4 V. Memory access energy is further reduced by miniature (128 B) latch-based instruction and data caches. On chip clock generation and the ability to boot from a small external serial flash ROM makes for a very small overall system.
Family Planning in Israel: Irrationality and Ignorance*

The concern over the population growth among the Jewish population in Israel is not new. Attempts to achieve fast population growth, mainly for political ends, have been made for several decades. This may explain why Israel's otherwise extensive public health services exclude family planning. Consequently, there is much public ignorance concerning family planning issues, and, in turn, a low usage of efficient contraceptives among many families wishing to control the number of their children, as is shown by a sample survey of the urban population. Nevertheless, family size is generally small or else in the process of decline which is achieved through the use of primitive contraceptive methods and also through extensive use of induced abortions. It is concluded that family planning programs are neither a necessary nor a sufficient condition for achieving small family size, and that such programs are efficient in affecting fertility behavior only when applied in a socioeconomic context.
Descriptive Epidemiology of Factors Associated with HIV Infections Among Men and Transgender Women Who Have Sex with Men in South India

Abstract Purpose: Men and transgender women who have sex with men (MTWSM) continue to be an at-risk population for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in India. Identification of risk factors and determinants of HIV infection is urgently needed to inform prevention and intervention programming. Methods: Data were collected from cross-sectional biological and behavioral surveys from four districts in Karnataka, India. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to examine factors related to HIV infection. Sociodemographic, sexual history, sex work history, condom practices, and substance use covariates were included in regression models. Results: A total of 456 participants were included; HIV prevalence was 12.4%, with the highest prevalence (26%) among MTWSM from Bellary District. In bivariate analyses, district (P = 0.002), lack of a current regular female partner (P = 0.022), and reported consumption of an alcoholic drink in the last month (P = 0.004) were associated with HIV infection. In multivariable models, only alcohol use remained statistically significant (adjusted odds ratios: 2.6, 95% confidence intervals: 1.2–5.8; P = 0.02). Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV continues to be high among MTWSM, with the highest prevalence found in Bellary district.
Interleukin 1 Polymorphisms, Lifestyle Factors, and Helicobacter pylori Infection

Associations between Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection and lifestyle factors have been reported by several authors, but little is known about the host factors associated with the infection. This study aims to examine the infection rate of HP according to gene polymorphisms of interleukin (TL)‐IA, IL‐1B, and IL‐1RN, and to investigate the interactions with lifestyle factors. Subjects were 241 non‐cancer outpatients who had participated in a HP eradication program. Polymorphisms at ‐889 (T to C) of IL‐1A, at ‐31 (C to T; T allele makes a TATA box) and ‐511 (C to T) of IL‐1B, and at intron 2 (86‐bp VNTR (variable number of tandem repeats)) of IL‐1RN were genotyped by PCR (polymerase chain reaction), PCR‐RFLP (restriction fragment length polymorphism) and PCR‐CTPP (PCR with confronting two‐pair primers). It was found that IL‐1B polymorphisms at ‐31 and ‐511 were near‐completely linked, but in the opposite way to that in Caucasians; ‐31C/ ‐511T and ‐31T/‐511C alleles were dominant in the present subjects. The HP infection rate was substantially different among the genotypes of IL‐1B C‐31T; 45.2% (19/42) for the C/C, 67.7% (90/133) for the C/T, and 63.6% (42/66) for the T/T. The age‐sex adjusted odds ratio (OR) relative to the C/C genotype was 2.32 (95%CI (confidence interval), 1.10‐4.92) for the T/C genotype and 2.46 (1.06‐5.74) for the T/T genotype. The OR for the T/T genotype was significantly modified by smoking status; interaction term=14.6 (1.12‐190). The polymorphisms of IL‐1A and IL‐1RN were not associated with the infection rate. The results suggested that the T allele of IL‐1B C‐31T is associated with vulnerability to persistent HP infection, and that the vulnerability is modified by smoking.
Exploring experiences of substance use in bipolar disorder: A Q methodological design

Background: There is a high level of substance use disorder (SUD) in individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). Substance use may have profound effects on the course and outcome of BD however to date the reason for this common co-occurrence is unclear. Aims: To examine the substance use experiences of individuals with BD with particular emphasis on the self reported reasons for, and after-effects of use.Method: Q methodology was employed to explore substance use experiences. A pool of substance use experiences was derived from three sources: a literature search of self reported reasons for use studies; a set of semi-structured interviews carried out for a qualitative study exploring reasons for substance use in BD (Healy, Peters, Kinderman, McCracken & Morriss, 2009), and therapy tapes from a pilot study of integrated psychological treatment for substance use in BD (Jones et al, in press). This pool was divided into two sets of experiences: reasons for, and after-effects of substance use. Individuals with BD (n = 50) and current alcohol and/or cannabis use were asked to complete the two Q sorts. Participants were recruited from mental health services and support groups in the North West of England.Results: Analysis of reasons for use revealed two distinct groups of substance users: those who used substances predominantly in relation to mood regulation and those who used substances socially. Analysis of the after-effects sort revealed three distinct groups of experiences: those who reported mainly positive after-effects of substance use, those who reported mainly negative after-effects of substance use and those who endorsed after-effects in relation with feeling high or intoxicated.Conclusions: Individuals with BD report idiosyncratic experiences of substance use; a subgroup of individuals appear to report use in direct relation to symptoms of BD. The establishment of subgroups of individuals reporting differences in reasons for and after-effects of substance use may be relevant in designing therapeutic interventions to support the reduction of substance use in this clinical group.
Neuropsychological Functions of μ- and δ-Opioid Systems

Brain opioid innervation is involved in many pathophysiological processes related to drug addiction. The main idea of the present review is that μ-/δ-opioid innervation is an intrinsic component of the motor/approach behavior network, which is activated synergetically with dopaminergic mesocorticolimbic network. Contribution of opioid innervation to the motor/approach behavior processing includes generation of positive emotions and inhibition of pain and stress reactions in order that the individual would be able to reach the vital goal. We cite the neuroanatomical data which showed that motor subcortical nuclei contain the most abundant opioid innervation and its activation is an obligatory component of positive emotions. In the majority of life situations, motor/approach behavior network concomitantly activates pain/stress control opioid network. Intensive cognitive activity induces activation of opioid innervation as well, and both enhancing and impairing effects of opioid agonists on cognitive functioning were demonstrated. Overall, the functioning of endogenous opioid networks may be summarized as following: NO physical/cognitive activity = NO positive emotions plus NO pain/stress control. We suppose that contemporary findings concerning neuropsychological functions of endogenous opioid system explain many controversial issues in neuropsychiatric conditions predisposing to drug addiction and neurological mechanisms of opioid addiction.
A General Forecast-error Taxonomy

The paper considers the sources of forecast errors and their consequences in an evolving economy subject to structural breaks,forecasting from mis-specified, data-based models. A model-free taxonomy of forecast errors highlights that deterministic shifts are a major cause of systematic forecast failure. Other sources seem to pose fewer problems. The taxonomy embeds several previous model-based taxonomies for VARs, VECMs, and multi-step estimators, and reveals the stringent requirements that rationality assumptions impose on economic agents.
Radioprotective role of Amaranthus gangeticus Linn.: a biochemical study on mouse brain.

Brain tissue is highly susceptible to oxidative damage due to its high utilization of oxygen and its poorly developed antioxidative defense mechanisms. Radiation or pro-oxidants interact with cells and tissues through secondary ionization mechanisms such as lipid peroxidation (LPO). LPO can be inhibited by antioxidants such as vitamins A, C, and E and the carotenoid beta-carotene. beta-Carotene, the provitamin A, plays an important radioprotective role due to its properties as a potent free radical scavenger, singlet oxygen quencher, and lipid antioxidant. Amaranthus gangeticus Linn. , widely considered as a weed, has a high content of carotene, ascorbic acid, and folate and may prove an efficient antioxidant. To evaluate the antioxidative efficacy of Amaranthus, healthy Swiss albino mice from an inbred colony were treated with alcoholic extract of A. gangeticus leaves (AE) for 2 weeks, at 800 mg/kg body weight, before radiation exposure. Irradiated mice were examined and autopsied at intervals of 1, 3, 7, 15, and 30 days after exposure. Brain was removed by skull dissection, and various biochemical changes were sought. Radiation caused a maximum increase of 27% in LPO and a maximum decrease of 27.96% in protein content at day 7 in controls. However, in the experimental group the increase in LPO was 9.98% and the increase in protein content was 18.78% at day 7. By day 30 after irradiation, AE brought these values to near-normal levels. AE protected brain biochemical activity in this murine study and may prove beneficial for clinical use as a radioprotector.
Public education and economic prosperity: Semi-endogenous growth revisited

We introduce publicly funded education into R&D-based economic growth theory. Our framework allows us to i) explicitly describe a realistic process of human capital accumulation within these types of growth models, ii) reconcile semi-endogenous growth theory with the empirical evidence on the relationship between economic development and population growth, and iii) revise the policy invariance result of semi-endogenous growth frameworks. In particular, we show that the model supports a negative association between economic growth and population growth if the education sector is well developed and the population growth rate is low, that is, for modern industrialized countries. Furthermore, within our framework, changes in public educational investments have the potential to affect the long-run balanced growth rate.
Postmenopausal hormone therapy and stroke: role of time since menopause and age at initiation of hormone therapy.

BACKGROUND We evaluated stroke risk associated with hormone therapy (HT) in younger women, in recently menopausal women, and in older women. METHODS Prospective, observational analyses were performed in postmenopausal participants of the Nurses' Health Study, from 1976 to 2004, with biennial mailed questionnaires. Proportional hazards models were used to calculate multivariable-adjusted relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). RESULTS We found a significantly increased risk of stroke for women currently taking HT (estrogen alone: RR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.18-1.63; and estrogen with progestin: RR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.04-1.56), a finding that is nearly identical to that of the Women's Health Initiative. This increased risk was observed for women initiating HT at young ages or near menopause and at older ages or more than 10 years after menopause. Short-term (<5 years) HT initiated at younger ages was not associated with a clear increase in stroke; however, this apparently null result was based on a small number of cases. The incidence of stroke was relatively low in younger women, and the attributable risk in women aged 50 through 54 years indicated approximately an additional 2 cases of stroke per 10 000 women per year taking hormones. We found a strong relationship between dose of oral conjugated estrogen and stroke, with RRs of 0.93, 1.54, and 1.62 for doses of 0.3, 0.625, and 1.25 mg, respectively (P for trend, <.001). CONCLUSIONS Hormone therapy is associated with an increased risk of stroke, and this increased risk does not appear to be related to the timing of the initiation of HT. In younger women, with lower stroke risk, the attributable risk of stroke owing to hormone use is modest and might be minimized by lower doses and shorter treatment duration.
PENGEMBANGAN KOMODITAS UNGGULAN DI WILAYAH PENGEMBANGAN TUMPANG, KABUPATEN MALANG

Malang Regency is the one of regencies in East Java province which has the potential for the development of the agricultural sector. The role of the agricultural sector in GDP contribution toward Malang reached 35,04% in 2013. This becomes the input for the government to move the rural agricultural sector in order to increase the regional economy. This research aims to identify leading commodities, to analyze region hierarchy, and to analyze development direction of the leading commodities. Data in this study were obtained from relevant agencies as well as through direct observation and interviews of stakeholders. They were chosen with purposive sampling method. Methods of data analysis using the LQ and SSA, schallogram, GIS, AHP–TOPSIS, and A’WOT. The results showed that superior priority commodities that will be developed in four sub-district is rice, mustard greens, cabbage, corns, and apples. The criteria of the region which became the leading commodities development priorities are areas of the base, the region at the hierarchy III, and land area that has suitable and available. Development direction was divided into four priorities, namely: priority 1 is Poncokusumo area of 4.221 ha, priority 2 is Wajak area of 1.270 ha, priority 3 is Tumpang area of 1.526 ha, and priority 4 is Jabung area of 1.315 ha. There are eight priority strategies that can be applied to develop leading commodites in Tumpang development area.
Personal Self-Concept as Mediator and Moderator of the Relationship between Insight and Psychological Vulnerability

In this study, the mediator and moderator effects of personal self-concept on the relationship between insight and psychological vulnerability were investigated. The participants were 322 university students attending different departments at Kocaeli University in Turkey. Data were collected by using the Insight Scale, the Psychological Vulnerability Scale and the personal selfconcept Scale. Data were analyzed via Hierarchical Regression Analysis. The statistical analyses of the data by using “SPSS for Windows, version 20” package program. Insight, psychological vulnerability and personal self-concept were significantly correlated. Hierarchical regression analysis indicated that personal self-concept partially mediated the relationship between insight and psychological vulnerability. However, personal self-concept had not moderating effect on the relationship insight and psychological vulnerability. Results were discussed in the light of the in the light of literature. © 2015 IOJES. All rights reserved
Inhibition of Translational Initiation by Activators of the Glucose-regulated Stress Protein and Heat Shock Protein Stress Response Systems

Depletion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca2+ perturbs protein folding and processing within the organelle while inhibiting translational initiation through activation of the double-stranded RNA-activated eukaryotic initiation factor (eIF)-2α kinase (PKR) (Prostko, C. R., Dholakia, J. N., Brostrom, M. A., and Brostrom, C. O. (1995) J. Biol. Chem. 270, 6211-6215). The glucose-regulated stress protein (GRP) chaperones are subsequently induced. We now report that sodium arsenite, a prototype for stressors fostering cytoplasmic protein misfolding, also inhibits translational initiation through activation of PKR while subsequently inducing the heat shock protein (HSP) chaperones. Arsenite neither mobilized ER-associated Ca2+ nor slowed peptide chain elongation. Various HSP-inducing chemicals caused rapid phosphorylation of eIF-2α. When incubated with double-stranded RNA, extracts derived from arsenite-treated cells displayed greater degrees of phosphorylation of PKR and eIF-2α than did control extracts. Cells overexpressing a dominant negative PKR mutation resisted translational inhibition and eIF-2α phosphorylation in response to ER or cytoplasmic stressors. Induction of either the HSP or GRP chaperones was accompanied by development of translational tolerance to either Ca2+-mobilizing agents or arsenite. Following induction of the HSPs by arsenite, cells remained susceptible to induction of the GRPs by Ca2+-mobilizing agents. Conversely, cells possessing induced GRP contents in response to Ca2+-mobilizing agents readily induced the HSPs in response to arsenite. It is concluded that the two chaperone systems function independently except for their mutual suppression of PKR.