Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Endometriosis and Race

Summary: The pelvic findings of 202 infertile women undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia were compared to that of 464 infertile women undergoing diagnostic laparoscopy in Aberdeen, United Kingdom. Endometriosis was significantly more common in the women from Kuala Lumpur (51% against 22%, p < 0.001). There was however no significant difference seen in the severity of the disease (AFS Classification, 1985). These findings confirm our clinical impression that endometriosis is more common in Asian women when compared to Caucasian women.
Mathematics Anxiety and Preservice Elementary Teachers' Confidence to Teach Mathematics and Science

Sixty-five preservice elementary teachers' math anxiety levels and confidence levels to teach elementary mathematics and science were measured. The confidence scores of subjects in different math anxiety groups were compared and the relationships between their math anxiety levels and confidence levels to teach mathematics and science were investigated. The results suggest that low math anxious preservice teachers are more confident to teach elementary mathematics and science than are their peers having higher levels of math anxiety. Negative correlations were found between preservice teachers' math anxiety and their confidence scores to teach elementary mathematics (r = −.638) and between preservice teachers' math anxiety and their confidence scores to teach elementary science (r = -.417). Also, personal math and science teaching self-efficacy scores of participants were found to be correlated at . 01 level (r =.549).
Early Abnormalities of Vascular and Cardiac Autonomic Control in Parkinson’s Disease Without Orthostatic Hypotension

Cardiac autonomic abnormalities have been described in Parkinson’s disease. Little is known about possible alterations of vascular sympathetic regulatory activity in patients without orthostatic hypotension or symptoms of orthostatic intolerance. Nineteen patients with Parkinson’s disease without orthostatic hypotension (PD), 21 with orthostatic hypotension (PDOH), and 20 healthy controls underwent ECG, beat-to-beat arterial pressure, and respiration recordings while recumbent and during a 75° head-up tilt. Spectrum analysis of RR interval and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) variability provided indices of cardiac sympathovagal interaction (low frequency [LF]/high frequency [HF]) to the sinoatrial node and sympathetic vasomotor control (LFSAP). Arterial baroreceptor mechanisms were assessed by the spontaneous sequences technique and bivariate spectrum analysis (&agr; index). Plasma catecholamines provided the neurohormonal profile. At rest, hemodynamics and spectral markers of autonomic function were similar in PD and control subjects. Norepinephrine was lower in PD and PDOH than in control subjects. In PDOH, SAP was higher, whereas LF/HF ratio and LFSAP were lower compared with control subjects. During tilt, SAP was unchanged in PD; however, similar to PDOH, the increase of heart rate, LF/HF ratio, and LFSAP was blunted compared with control subjects. Baroreflex indices were unmodified in PD and PDOH compared with control subjects. Initial alterations in both cardiac and vascular sympathetic modulatory activity were found in PD and revealed by a gravitational stimulus. Prompt recognition of sympathetic abnormalities might result in earlier therapeutic intervention, reduced orthostatic intolerance, and increased quality of life.
Rapid, Sensitive Detection of Bartonella quintana by Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification of the groEL Gene

Trench fever, caused by Bartonella quintana, is recognized as a re-emerging and neglected disease. Rapid and sensitive detection approaches are urgently required to monitor and help control B. quintana infections. Here, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), which amplifies target DNA at a fixed temperature with high sensitivity, specificity and rapidity, was employed to detect B. quintana. Thirty-six strains, including 10 B. quintana, 13 other Bartonella spp. , and 13 other common pathogens, were applied to verify and evaluate the LAMP assay. The specificity of the LAMP assay was 100%, and the limit of detection was 125 fg/reaction. The LAMP assay was compared with qPCR in the examination of 100 rhesus and 20 rhesus-feeder blood samples; the diagnostic accuracy was found to be 100% when LAMP was compared to qPCR, but the LAMP assay was significantly more sensitive (p < 0.05). Thus, LAMP methodology is a useful for diagnosis of trench fever in humans and primates, especially in low-resource settings, because of its rapid, sensitive detection that does not require sophisticated equipment.
Depression in Medical School: The Influence of Morningness‐Eveningness

Medical students are at higher risk for depression, affecting not only their lives but also patient care. This article studied a population of medical students engaged in lecture‐based learning regarding the presence of depressive symptoms and its relation to morningness‐eveningness. Depressive symptoms were assessed by the Beck Depressive Inventory scale (BDI>10), and diurnal preference was assessed by the Horne & Östberg Morningness/Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). Family history of depression and involvement in regular physical activity were also investigated. A total of 161 students, 77 (47.8%) males, aged 19 to 30 yrs (22.1±2.1) living in a city close to the equator were evaluated. Fifty‐three individuals (32.9%) had depressive symptoms. Depressive individuals showed a trend to be female (p=0.07). Also, female gender showed a non‐significant shift toward morningness. Fifty‐eight (36.0%) subjects participated in regular physical activity. In 57 cases (35.4%), there was a history of depression in the family. Fifteen individuals (9.3%) were definitely evening type, 42 (26.1%) were moderately evening type, 44 (27.3%) were indifferent, 42 (26.1%) were moderately morning type, and 18 (11.2%) were definitely morning type. Family history of depression (OR=0.29, 95% CI=1.37–6.12) and sedentary life (OR=0.28, 95% CI=0.12–0.65) were associated with depressive symptoms. Eveningness was associated with depressive symptoms (OR=0.66, 95% CI=0.50–0.88), and this association remained significant after adjusting for the presence of familial depression and physical activity (OR=0.71, 95% CI=0.52–0.95). In conclusion, depressive symptoms are independently associated with “eveningness” in medical students. These results should be confirmed by future studies involving a larger number of subjects.
The Relationship Between the Amount and Helpfulness of Entry Thaining and Work Outcomes

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the amount and helpfulness of entry training and work outcomes for newcomers during organizational socialization. A sample of 152 newly-hired entry-level professionals completed a questionnaire after the first 6 months of socialization. Supervisor ratings of job performance were obtained 4 months later. The results indicated that the amount of training received by newcomers was significantly related to job satisfaction, commitment, intention to quit, ability to cope, and several measures of job performance. Newcomers' perceptions of the helpfulness of training was significantly related to job satisfaction, commitment, and intention to quit beyond that explained by training amount. However, none of the amount x helpftdness interactions were significant. In addition, newcomers' anxiety was found to mediate the relationship between training and ability to cope, and to partially mediate the training relationships with job satisfaction, commitment, and intention to quit. These results provide support for the increasing use of training during socialization and its importance for newcomers and organizations.
SCIB2, an antibody DNA vaccine encoding NY-ESO-1 epitopes, induces potent antitumor immunity which is further enhanced by checkpoint blockade

ABSTRACT Checkpoint blockade has demonstrated promising antitumor responses in approximately 10–40% of patients. However, the majority of patients do not make a productive immune response to their tumors and do not respond to checkpoint blockade. These patients may benefit from an effective vaccine that stimulates high-avidity T cell responses in combination with checkpoint blockade. We have previously shown that incorporating TRP-2 and gp100 epitopes into the CDR regions of a human IgG1 DNA (ImmunoBody®: IB) results in significant tumor regression both in animal models and patients. This vaccination strategy is superior to others as it targets antigen to antigen-presenting cells and stimulates high-avidity T cell responses. To broaden the application of this vaccination strategy, 16 NY-ESO-1 epitopes, covering over 80% of HLA phenotypes, were incorporated into the IB (SCIB2). They produced higher frequency and avidity T cell responses than peptide vaccination. These T cells were of sufficient avidity to kill NY-ESO-1-expressing tumor cells, and in vivo controlled the growth of established B16-NY-ESO-1 tumors, resulting in long-term survival (35%). When SCIB2 was given in combination with Treg depletion, CTLA-4 blockade or PD-1 blockade, long-term survival from established tumors was significantly enhanced to 56, 67 and 100%, respectively. Translating these responses into the clinic by using a combination of SCIB2 vaccination and checkpoint blockade can only further improve clinical responses.
Which elderly depressed patients remain well on maintenance interpersonal psychotherapy alone?: Report from the Pittsburgh Study Of Maintenance Therapies in Late‐Life Depression

The aim of this study was to identify elderly depressed patients who can remain well on maintenance Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) alone, after discontinuation of antidepressant medication. Using Cox proportional hazards models, increased severity of depression at pretreatment was associated with increased recurrence rates, to an extent greater in patients maintained on monthly IPT than in those maintained on nortriptyline. The long‐term response to maintenance IPT was correctly identified in 20/25 cases by a pretreatment Hamilton score of≥ 20. Fourteen of sixteen patients with pretreatment scores of≥ 20 experienced recurrence of major depression on maintenance IPT, while 6/9 patients with pretreatment scores of less than 20 did not. (Fisher exact P=.01). The same pattern of recurrence in relation to severity was not evident in maintenance placebo, nortriptyline, or combination treatment. In addition, Hamilton scores during continuation treatment were lower (≤ 7) among those who remained well on maintenance IPT than among those who had recurrences. Elderly patients whose depressions are milder at baseline and who show excellent symptomatic remission during acute and continuation therapy may be good candidates for monthly maintenance IPT after initial successful treatment with antidepressant medication and psychotherapy. Depression and Anxiety 10:55–60, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc
Evidence for Mitotic Recombination within the Basidia of a Hybrid Cross of Cryptococcus neoformans

In the majority of diploid eukaryotes, each meiotic process generates four haploid gametes with each containing a single recombinant nucleus. In some species and/or some meiotic processes, aneuploid or diploid gametes can also be generated due to chromosomal non-disjunction and/or the co-packaging of two of the four haploid nuclei into the same gamete. Here we show that another process is involved in generating genotypes of sexual progeny from a hybrid cross between two divergent lineages of the human fungal pathogen Cryptococcus neoformans. Through micro-dissection of 1358 basidiospores from 194 basidia and genotyping using 33 co-dominant genetic markers, the genotypes of all 230 germinated basidiospores from 94 basidia were obtained. The minimum haploid genotypes required to constitute the observed genotypes from each basidium were then inferred. Our results demonstrated that more than four haploid nuclear genotypes are required to explain the observed genotypes of basidiospores in seven of the 94 basidia. Our results suggest that mitotic recombination within basidia must be involved to produce the observed genotypes in these seven basidia. The mitotic recombination likely includes both chromosomal loss and crossing over. This novel recombination process could play an important role in generating the genotypic and phenotypic diversities of this important human pathogen.
JOB CONTROL AND BURNOUT: A META-ANALYTIC TEST OF THE CONSERVATION OF RESOURCES MODEL.

The article discusses the Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, job satisfaction, and burn-out psychology. Meta-analysis is used to test COR theory in relation to aspects of job control such as autonomy, work skills, and employee empowerment for decision making. The burnout syndrome is discussed in terms of the employee's perception of depersonalization, personal accomplishment, disengagement, job stress, and self-efficacy. The study also refers to job control and emotional exhaustion in human service and non-human service occupations.
The Index of Attitudes Toward Homosexuals 30 Years Later: A Psychometric Study

Objective: The authors report a validation study of the Index of Attitudes toward Homosexuals (IAH) to examine its ongoing usefulness. Method: Students (n = 331) completed surveys anonymously. Exploratory factor analyses were conducted and group differences analyzed. Results: Content validity was established conceptually, and preliminary discriminant validity was established statistically. Factor analyses suggest a shortened 19-item measure (α = .92) with two subscales. Convergent validity was established by comparing the scores on the IAH and another measure of antigay bias. Groups differed on sex, age, religiosity, parenthood, race, and childhood urbanicity. Conclusion: The revised IAH demonstrates sound psychometric properties. It can be useful to evaluate antigay bias, it can prompt discussion, and it can be used as an outcome measure in intervention studies.
The Influence of Moral Disengagement and Negative Emotion on Antisocial Sport Behavior

Given the prevalence of antisocial behavior in sport, researchers have begun to explore the role of self-regulatory processes in reducing such conduct. In this research, we examined the effects of moral disengagement on emotion and antisocial sport behavior. Specifically, we investigated whether moral disengagement facilitated antisocial behavior and whether this effect was mediated by anticipated feelings of guilt. Using a cross-sectional design, Study 1 found that the relationship between moral disengagement and antisocial behavior was partially mediated by anticipated guilt. Using an experimental design, Study 2 found that attribution of blame (i.e., moral disengagement mechanism) reduced negative emotional reactions to antisocial behavior and increased reported likelihood to act antisocially; this latter effect was mediated by anticipated guilt. The present findings provide empirical support for Bandura’s (1991) social‐ cognitive theory of moral thought and action, whereby moral disengagement facilitates antisocial behavior partly because it affects anticipated guilt.
Dirac nodal surfaces and nodal lines in ZrSiS

Photoemission demonstrates that the Dirac-like band crossings form 1D nodal lines and 2D nodal surfaces in the bulk of ZrSiS. Topological semimetals are characterized by symmetry-protected band crossings, which can be preserved in different dimensions in momentum space, forming zero-dimensional nodal points, one-dimensional nodal lines, or even two-dimensional nodal surfaces. Materials harboring nodal points and nodal lines have been experimentally verified, whereas experimental evidence of nodal surfaces is still lacking. Here, using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), we reveal the coexistence of Dirac nodal surfaces and nodal lines in the bulk electronic structures of ZrSiS. As compared with previous ARPES studies on ZrSiS, we obtained pure bulk states, which enable us to extract unambiguously intrinsic information of the bulk nodal surfaces and nodal lines. Our results show that the nodal lines are the only feature near the Fermi level and constitute the whole Fermi surfaces. We not only prove that the low-energy quasiparticles in ZrSiS are contributed entirely by Dirac fermions but also experimentally realize the nodal surface in topological semimetals.
Is Being a Boy and Feeling Fat a Barrier for Physical Activity? The Association between Body Image, Gender and Physical Activity among Adolescents

Regular physical activity leads to physical and mental health benefits. Previous studies have shown physical activity to be associated with body image and gender. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the associations of body image with physical activity of adolescents and whether gender modifies this association. We obtained data on body image and physical activity as part of the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children study in 2010 from Slovakia (n = 8042, age 11-15 years, 49% boys, response rate: 79.5%). Adolescents answered questions about their body image and the frequency of their physical activity. Sufficient physical activity was more likely in adolescents perceiving themselves as fat (OR = 0.63, 95%CI 0.54-0.73) and in boys (OR = 2.15, 95%CI 1.92-2.42). A poor body image among girls was not associated with physical activity, whereas among boys it was associated with less physical activity. Gender seems to moderate the relationship between body image and physical activity in youths. Health promotion should be targeted in particular at boys with a negative body image, as they are at higher risk of physical inactivity.
Biocide effects of volatile organic compounds produced by potential biocontrol rhizobacteria on Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Six rhizobacteria isolated from common bean and able to protect bean plants from the common bacterial blight (CBB) causal agent, were in vitro evaluated for their potential antifungal effects toward different plant pathogenic fungi, mostly soil-borne. By dual culture assays, the above bacteria resulted producing diffusible and volatile metabolites which inhibited the growth of the majority of the pathogens under study. In particular, the latter substances highly affected the mycelium growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum strains, one of which was selected for further studies either on mycelium or sclerotia. Gas chromatographic analysis of the bacterial volatiles led to the identification of an array of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Time course studies showed the modification of the VOCs profile along a period of 5 days. In order to evaluate the single detected VOC effects on fungal growth, some of the pure compounds were tested on S. sclerotiorum mycelium and their minimal inhibitory quantities were determined. Similarly, the minimal inhibitory quantities on sclerotia germination were also defined. Moreover, observations by light and transmission electron microscopes highlighted hyphae cytoplasm granulation and ultrastructural alterations at cell organelles, mostly membranes, mitochondria, and endoplasmic reticulum. The membranes appeared one of the primary targets of bacterial volatiles, as confirmed by hemolytic activity observed for the majority of pure VOCs. However, of interest is the alteration observed on mitochondria as well.
NoCFI: A Hybrid Fault Injection Method for Networks-On-Chip

Networks-On-Chip (NoCs) have emerged as a promising solution to replace global on-chip interconnections in System-On-Chip (SoC) thanks to better performance and lower power. However, the increasing complexity of NoC routers and the continuous miniaturization of silicon technology are making this interconnection circuit increasingly vulnerable to transient faults. Consequently, during the design and verification phase, an accurate fault injection solution is needed to assess the reliability and behavior of the NoC architecture in the presence of faults. In this paper, a hybrid method that combines FPGA-based and Layout-based fault injection is proposed. This method manipulates the gate netlist provided by the ASIC design flow as well as the FPGA design flow to emulate soft errors in the Networks-on-Chip. Furthermore, the automated fault injection campaign supports the emulation of single faults as well as multiple faults by taking cell adjacency into account. Finally, a case study using two-dimensional NoC is used to validate our methodology.
Increased robustness in reference region model analysis of DCE MRI using two‐step constrained approaches

Reference region models (RRMs) can quantify tumor perfusion in dynamic contrast‐enhanced MRI without an arterial input function. Inspection of the RRM reveals that one of the free parameters in the fit is uniquely linked to the reference region and is common to all voxels. A two‐step approach is proposed that takes this constraint into account.
New results on connecting the Lorenz and Chen Systems

The Lu system is a newly coined chaotic system, which connects the Lorenz system and the Chen system and represents the transition from one to the other. In this letter, a simple nonlinear term is added to the Lu system, and its role as a joint function is revisited. With the gradual tuning the parameter of the nonlinear controller, the transition from the canonical Lorenz attractor to the Chen attractor through the Lu attractor is revived. The scheme herein goes beyond the traditional framework for studying the Lorenz-like systems, which can be very helpful in generating and analyzing of all similar and closely related chaotic systems.
Memory Processes in Morning Recall after Multiple Night Awakenings

Some episodes of mental sleep experience which are reported after multiple awakenings during sleep are not recalled in the morning. Have they decayed or are they temporarily inhibited to retrieval? Responses of 10 men were recorded for four non-consecutive nights; they were awakened each night four times after 9 win. of REM sleep. Upon each awakening they were asked to report their mental sleep experience, and in the morning they were asked to re-report these experiences. Where subjects were unable to provide a spontaneous morning report they were prompted using a probe, the probe being the first contentful proposition of the corresponding night report. Subjects were aware of this design. All the night and morning reports were subjected to linguistic analysis. Spontaneous morning reports were significantly less frequent than night reports, but the use of the probe significantly increased the frequency of morning reports. Both spontaneous and probed morning reports and their corresponding night reports shared similar linguistic structures, but the probed reports and their corresponding night reports were shorter. The percentage of contents common to night and morning reports was similar for both spontaneous and probed morning reports, as was the stability of the serial position of those contents. We suggest that, with respect to settings with only one night awakening, multiple awakenings increase retrieval difficulty for entire episodes of mental sleep experience but not for single contents.