Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Measuring Humane Orientation of Organizations through Social Exchange and Organizational Identification Facilitation and Control of Burnout and Intent to Quit

The paper explores the relationship of humane orientation of organizations with members' reactions to such treatment by the organization. Orientation of mangers to form good relationships with subordinates has been reflected through subordinatesa’ perception of quality of leader-member exchange (LMX) and it was expected to predict members’ reaction through feeling of exhaustion (burnout). The roles of humane orientation of organizational support measured through perceived organizational support (POS) by subordinates and organizational identification (OID) as possible explicators of the relationship between LMX quality and organizational burnout have also been explored. We conducted three step hierarchical linear regressions on a sample involving data at two time waves. As expected, all the hypotheses were supported. A major contribution of the research to academic literature is the corroboration of directionality of some of the relationship through two time wave design. Also, burnout in this research has been measured at an organizational level and the results were in line with burnout measured at the job level in some earlier studies on burnout.
The Analysis of the Expression of a Novel Gene, Xenopus Polka Dots, which was Expressed in the Embryonic and Larval Epidermis during Early Development

The epidermis serves as a barrier protecting organs and tissues from the environment, and comprises many types of cells. A cell renewal system is established in epidermis: old epithelial cells are replaced by newly differentiated cells, which are derived from epidermal stem cells located near basement membrane. In order to examine the mechanism of epidermal development, we isolated a novel gene expressed in Xenopus epidermis and named the gene Xenopus polka dots (Xpod) from its polka dot-like expression pattern throughout larval periods. Several immunohistochemical examinations showed that the Xpod-expressing cell type is neither p63-positive epidermal stem cells, nor the &agr;-tubulin-positive ciliated cells, but a subset of the foxi1e-positive ionocytes. The forced gene expression of foxi1e caused the suppression of Xpod expression, while Xpod showed no effect on foxi1e expression. In a comparison of several osmotic conditions, we found that hypertonic culture caused the increase in number of the Xpod-expressing cell, whereas number of the foxi1e-expressing cells was reduced under the hypertonic condition. These results show the possibility that Xpod is involved in the establishment of a certain subpopulation of ionocytes under hypertonic conditions.
Incumbents’ Attitude Toward Intrafamily Succession

Incumbents’ attitude toward intrafamily succession (IFS) is a critical individual-level determinant of family firms’ IFS intention, which is, in turn, an important component of family business essence. Knowledge about its antecedents, however, is fragmented and very limited. Drawing on the theory of planned behavior and general attitude literature, hypotheses about the situational and individual antecedents of family firm incumbents’ attitude toward IFS were developed and tested with a sample of 274 Italian family firm incumbents. Results show that incumbents’ attitude toward IFS is indeed influenced by both situational and individual antecedents as well as by their interactions.
Differential Association of Gene Content Polymorphisms of Killer Cell Immunoglobulin-Like Receptors with Placental Malaria in HIV− and HIV+ Mothers

Pregnant women have abundant natural killer (NK) cells in their placenta, and NK cell function is regulated by polymorphisms of killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs). Previous studies report different roles of NK cells in the immune responses to placental malaria (PM) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infections. Given these references, the aim of this study was to determine the association between KIR gene content polymorphism and PM infection in pregnant women of known HIV-1 status. Sixteen genes in the KIR family were analyzed in 688 pregnant Kenyan women. Gene content polymorphisms were assessed in relation to PM in HIV-1 negative and HIV-1 positive women, respectively. Results showed that in HIV-1 negative women, the presence of the individual genes KIR2DL1 and KIR2DL3 increased the odds of having PM, and the KIR2DL2/KIR2DL2 homozygotes were associated with protection from PM. However, the reverse relationship was observed in HIV-1 positive women, where the presence of individual KIR2DL3 was associated with protection from PM, and KIR2DL2/KIR2DL2 homozygotes increased the odds for susceptibility to PM. Further analysis of the HIV-1 positive women stratified by CD4 counts showed that this reverse association between KIR genes and PM remained only in the individuals with high CD4 cell counts but not in those with low CD4 cell counts. Collectively, these results suggest that inhibitory KIR2DL2 and KIR2DL3, which are alleles of the same locus, play a role in the inverse effects on PM and PM/HIV co-infection and the effect of KIR genes on PM in HIV positive women is dependent on high CD4 cell counts. In addition, analysis of linkage disequilibrium (LD) of the PM relevant KIR genes showed strong LD in women without PM regardless of their HIV status while LD was broken in those with PM, indicating possible selection pressure by malaria infection on the KIR genes.
Pulmonary vasodilator therapy in the failing Fontan circulation: rationale and efficacy*

Abstract The Fontan operation is the final step of palliation for patients with a functionally single ventricle. Since its introduction in the 1970s, the Fontan surgery has become part of a successful surgical strategy that has improved single ventricle mortality. In recent years, we have become more aware of the limitations and long-term consequences of the Fontan physiology. Pulmonary vascular resistance plays an important role in total cavopulmonary circulation, and has been identified as a potential therapeutic target to mitigate Fontan sequelae. In this review, we will discuss the results of different pulmonary vasodilator trials and the use of pulmonary vasodilators as a treatment strategy for Fontan patients.
Contrast Reduction and Reading: Assessment and Reliability with the Reading Explorer Test

Purpose. To investigate the reliability of the Reading Explorer (REX) charts and to assess the impact of text contrast reduction (1.5 cycle/degree) on reading speed in subjects with normal and low vision. Methods. Standard visual acuity (ETDRS charts), reading speed (MNread charts), and contrast sensitivity (Pelli-Robson charts) measurements were obtained in 3 groups of subjects stratified by visual acuity level in the better eye from 0.0 to 1.0 logMAR, with intermediate cutoffs at 0.3 and 0.6 logMAR. Measurements of reading speed for decreasing levels of text contrast were obtained with the REX charts using a 1.5 cycle/degree text. Results. Since in many patients with lower vision a plateau of maximum reading speed across different levels of text contrast was not found, reliability indexes were computed for average reading speed and reading contrast threshold. In the group with lower visual acuity, 95% limits of agreement were ±0.134 log word/minute and ±0.175 log contrast sensitivity, suggesting good reliability. The proportion of subjects with a 20% loss of reading speed from 90% to 45% text contrast was estimated to be 1/3 at 0.6 logMAR visual acuity level and 2/3 at 1.0 logMAR. Conclusions. The adverse effect of decreased text contrast, which may be found in ordinary reading material, on the reading performance of subjects with advanced and initial low vision is probably underestimated. The REX test proved to be a reliable investigation tool for this phenomenon.
ERS transform for the automated detection of bronchial abnormalities on CT of the lungs

The identification of bronchi on Computed Tomography (CT) images of the lungs provides valuable clinical information in patients with suspected airways diseases including bronchiectasis, emphysema, or constrictive obliterative bronchiolitis. The automated recognition of the airways is, therefore, an important part of a diagnosis aid system for resolving potential ambiguities associated with intensity-based feature extractors. On CT images, near-perpendicular cross sections of bronchi normally appear as elliptical rings and this paper presents a novel technique for their recognition. The proposed method, the edge-radius-symmetry (ERS) transform, is based on the analysis of the distribution of edges in local polar coordinates. Pixels are ranked according to local edge (E) strength, radial (R), uniformity and local symmetry (S). A discrete implementation of the technique is provided which reduces the computational cost of the ERS transform by using a geometric approximation of the intensity patterns. The identification of the adjacent pulmonary vessels with template matching then allows for the automated measurement of bronchial dilatation and bronchial wall thickening. Computationally, the method compares favorably with other methods such as the Hough transform. Noise-sensitivity of the technique was evaluated on a set of synthetic images and 9 patients under investigation for suspected airways disease. Agreement for the automated scoring of the presence and severity of bronchial abnormalities was demonstrated to be comparable to that of an experienced radiologist (kappa statistics /spl kappa/>0.5).
Effects of Information Processing Strategies on Rater Motivation in Job Analysis

Accuracy of the output resulting from a job analysis is of utmost importance to practitioners and human resource professionals. Without this accuracy, many of the organizational actions that follow can be prone to failure. One of the notable sources of inaccuracy in job analysis is motivation. Evidence of motivation as a source of inaccuracy in job analysis comes from findings which have been largely adapted from cognitive and social psychology literature. To bridge the gap more directly, this study examined how different variables such as self-efficacy, need for cognition, job complexity, and job analysis purpose impacted the relationship between information processing strategies and perceived motivation in the context of a job analysis. Through a survey posted on Amazon's Mechanical Turk, 198 respondents were asked to rate how motivated they would be to accurately complete a job analysis for their own job with various situational conditions. Additionally, the present study examined how these information processing strategies influenced perceived task difficulty. By using a sample entirely made up of job incumbents, this research was able to further examine the within group variation in preference for using either of the information processing strategies. Data analyses revealed a few key takeaways from this study. First, respondents were more motivated in the holistic strategy condition and saw it as less difficult than the decomposed strategy. Additionally, respondents were not equally motivated across the three job analysis purposes presented, with determining employee compensation as the
Structure and function of active chromatin and DNase I hypersensitive sites

Chromatin is by its very nature a repressive environment which restricts the recruitment of transcription factors and acts as a barrier to polymerases. Therefore the complex process of gene activation must operate at two levels. In the first instance, localized chromatin decondensation and nucleosome displacement is required to make DNA accessible. Second, sequence‐specific transcription factors need to recruit chromatin modifiers and remodellers to create a chromatin environment that permits the passage of polymerases. In this review I will discuss the chromatin structural changes that occur at active gene loci and at regulatory elements that exist as DNase I hypersensitive sites.
Microstructure Simulation and Thermo-Mechanical Behavior Analysis of Copper Filled Through Silicon Vias Using Coupled Phase Field and Finite Element Methods

High thermo-mechanical stresses are usually induced in through silicon via (TSV) structures due to the mismatch of coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) between copper and silicon in Cu filled TSVs, which has brought an increasing concern for the reliability problems during fabrication process and operation of electronic devices. The size, shape and orientation of Cu grains in TSVs and their effects on thermo-mechanical behavior of TSVs can not be ignored, especially with the continuous miniaturization and increasing integration of 3D ICs. In this study, the dynamic evolution characteristics of grain growth in a Cu filled TSV are simulated by a two-dimensional phase field model firstly, and then the thermo-mechanical behavior of the TSV with different grain morphologies under annealing condition is investigated by finite element method (FEM), and finally the interaction effects of grain growth and thermo-mechanical behavior in the TSV during operation of electronic devices are studied.
CD8+ T cells specific for a single nonamer epitope of Listeria monocytogenes are protective in vivo

Class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted CD8+ T cells have been demonstrated to be effective mediators of both acquired and adoptive immunity to the intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes. We have recently determined that L. monocytogenes- infected H-2d mice recognize a nonamer peptide, residues 91-99, of the secreted protein listeriolysin O (LLO), in a H-2Kd-restricted fashion. In this report we have generated CD8+ T cell lines with specificity for LLO 91-99 in the context of H-2Kd by in vitro stimulation with P815 (H- 2d) cells transfected with LLO. These CD8+ lines have been generated from immune donors after sublethal infection with L. monocytogenes, or after in vivo immunization with syngeneic spleen cells coated with synthetic LLO 91-99 peptide. LLO-specific CD8+ T cells derived from either protocol were capable of significant protection against L. monocytogenes infection. The in vivo protection by these CD8+ T cell lines has been shown to be solely due to recognition of LLO 91-99 in the context of H-2Kd. These studies demonstrate that CD8+ T cell immunity to a single, naturally produced peptide epitope has the potential for significant protection in a bacterial infection. Thus, the allele-specific motif approach to epitope prediction has identified a naturally produced bacterial epitope with biological relevance.
Strategic Ambidexterity in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises: Implementing Exploration and Exploitation in Product and Market Domains

Balancing exploration and exploitation is a critical challenge that is particularly difficult for smaller, nascent organizations that lack the resources, capabilities, and experience necessary to successfully implement ambidexterity. To better understand how small and medium-sized enterprises achieve ambidexterity, we develop theoretical arguments that link organizational performance to strategic combinations of exploration and exploitation in both product and market domains. We test the hypotheses with a longitudinal study in a dynamic industry that combines objective measures of competition, firm size, age, and revenue performance with self-reported measures of product and market exploration and exploitation. The empirical results offer new insights with respect to several tensions at the heart of the ambidexterity challenge: (1) pure strategies that combine product exploration with market exploration or product exploitation with market exploitation have complementary interaction effects on revenue, (2) cross-functional ambidexterity combining product exploitation with market exploration also exerts complementary interaction effects on revenue, (3) product ambidexterity has positive effects on revenue for older and larger—but not younger and smaller—firms, and (4) market ambidexterity has positive effects on revenue for larger—but not smaller, younger, or older—firms. Two ambidexterity paradoxes emerge: (1) larger, older firms have the resources, capabilities, and experience required to benefit from a product ambidexterity strategy, but larger, older firms are less likely to implement product ambidexterity; and (2) only larger firms have the resources and capabilities required to benefit from a market ambidexterity strategy, but developing and sustaining market ambidexterity is necessary to drive long-term growth.
CAN with Flexible Data-Rate

Ever increasing bandwidth requirements in automotive networks impede the applicability of CAN due to its bit rate limitation to 1 MBit/s. To close the gap between CAN and other protocols, we improve CAN in two ways: (i) support of bit rates > 1 MBit/s and (ii) support of payloads > 8 byte per frame. We achieve this with a new frame format where we can switch inside the frame to a faster bit rate for (i) and use a different data length coding for (ii). This new protocol is called “CAN with Flexible Data-Rate” or CAN FD. CAN FD protocol controllers are also able to perform standard CAN communication. This allows to use CAN FD in specific operation modes, e.g. softwaredownload at end-of-line programming, while other controllers that do not support CAN FD are kept in standby. This paper presents the CAN FD frame format with additional bits in the control field to enable the new options and the new CRC sequence to secure longer frames with the same Hamming distance as in the existing CAN protocol. The configuration options for the two bit rates are explained in detail. We provide measurements of the upper limits for the bit rate, using the first hardware implementation of a CAN FD protocol controller and standard CAN transceivers.
Socially situated learning in individual music lessons

Music education researchers have sought to clarify two fundamental issues. The first concerns “the extent to which musical progress is sequenced and orderly, and why some children’s progress appears to be effortless in contrast to others who struggle” (McPherson, 2005, p. 5). The second concerns how successful learners are able to acquire the resilience needed to ‘bounce back’ despite stresses and distractions which impact on motivation and a desire to continue learning (West & Rostvall, 2003; CostaGiomi, Flowers, & Sasaki, 2005). This article aims to contribute to research on these issues in the context of instrumental music lessons, by presenting a dynamic model linking skills acquisition (from the perspective of scaffolding theory) and selfdetermination theory. We argue that musical development is a transactional, dynamic process in which the scaffolding of the music student’s skills and self-determination are deeply intertwined. Within this conception, teacher-student interactions are conceptualized at the micro-and macro-level time scales, and are viewed as mutually connected. We conclude by discussing the ways in which this model can guide future research.
Insulin Resistance is Associated With Total Bile Acid Level in Type 2 Diabetic and Nondiabetic Population

AbstractBile acid metabolism was reported to be involved in glucose metabolism homeostasis. However, the exact relationship between bile acid and glucose metabolism as well as insulin sensitivity is not clarified. Therefore, we sought to investigate the association between insulin sensitivity and hyperbileacidemia in type 2 diabetic and nondiabetic population.This community-based cross-sectional study included 9603 residents from Jiading, Shanghai, China, who were 40 years and older. Standardized questionnaire, anthropometric measurements and laboratory tests were conducted. Homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) ≥ 2.7 was defined as insulin resistance and fasting TBA ≥ 10 mmol/L was defined as hyperbileacidemia.Multivariate stepwise regression analysis revealed that HOMA-IR, age, and male sex were positively associated with hyperbileacidemia in both nondiabetic and diabetic participants. In multivariate logistic models, participants with insulin resistance had significantly higher risk of hyperbileacidemia compared to those who have no insulin resistance, in both nondiabetic and diabetic population (nondiabetic: OR = 1.76; 95% CI 1.42–2.19; P < 0.001; diabetic: OR = 1.56; 95% CI 1.06 – 2.31; P = 0.025, respectively). Further adjustment for the HbA1c level in diabetic population did not change the significant association (OR = 1.59; 95% CI 1.06 − 2.40; P = 0.024). In nondiabetic participants, each 1-unit increment of HOMA-IR conferred an 18% higher risk of hyperbileacidemia (95% CI 1.04–1.35; P = 0.013), whereas in diabetic participants, this association was similar but not significant (95% CI 0.95–1.59; P = 0.117). Insulin resistance was positively associated with hyperbileacidemia in both nondiabetic and diabetic population. The increase in the bile acid level in insulin-resistant population regardless of status of diabetes and glucose level indicated the important role of insulin resistance in the regulation of bile acid metabolism in human.
Developing of Security Questionnaire and its Reliability and Validity

Objective:To make a questionnaire about feeling of security.Methods:Regarding to the conception of security and the results of interviews to neurotics, we got 53 items as the draft. 343 sophomore students in Hebei Normal University were collected as the sample to test the reliability and validity of the draft.Results:Through factor analysis, we got two main factors named interpersonal security and certainty in control, including 16 items. It was proved that the questionnaire had good reliability and validity.Conclusion:The security questionnaire has satisfying psychometric quality and issuitable not only for the neurosis but also for normal people.
The GacA global regulator of Vibrio fischeri is required for normal host tissue responses that limit subsequent bacterial colonization

Harmful and beneficial bacterium–host interactions induce similar host‐tissue changes that lead to contrasting outcomes of association. A life‐long association between Vibrio fischeri and the light organ of its host Euprymna scolopes begins when the squid collects bacteria from the surrounding seawater using mucus secreted from ciliated epithelial appendages. Following colonization, the bacterium causes changes in host tissue including cessation of mucus shedding, and apoptosis and regression of the appendages that may limit additional bacterial interactions. We evaluated whether delivery of morphogenic signals is influenced by GacA, a virulence regulator in pathogens, which also influences squid‐colonization by V. fischeri. Low‐level colonization by a GacA mutant led to regression of the ciliated appendages. However, the GacA mutant did not induce cessation of mucus shedding, nor did it trigger apoptosis in the appendages, a phenotype that normally correlates with their regression. Because apoptosis is triggered by lipopolysaccharide, we examined the GacA mutant and determined that it had an altered lipopolysaccharide profile as well as an increased sensitivity to detergents. GacA‐mutant‐colonized animals were highly susceptible to invasion by secondary colonizers, suggesting that the GacA mutant's inability to signal the full programme of light‐organ responses permitted the prolonged recruitment of additional symbionts.