Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A case of CMV infection and encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis in a renal transplant recipient

Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a rare but severe complication of peritoneal dialysis. It has been reported that the condition of patients with EPS may improve after renal transplantation. However, there are also several reports of EPS occurring after renal transplantation. In this report, we present a patient who developed EPS combined with gastrointestinal cytomegalovirus infection 21 months after successful renal transplantation, despite the use of tacrolimus and low-dose steroid as maintenance immunosuppression.
Set Expansion of Contextual Semantic Relations: an Alternative to Full Corpus Annotation for Supervised Classification

Recent approaches for classification of semantic relations are based on supervised learning using large training datasets. Due to the high cost of annotating such data and to the class imbalance problem, alternatives for minimizing the effort of full corpus annotation are required. In set expansion, one of such alternatives, given a small initial training set, new relevant instances are acquired from a large corpus. However, when dealing with contextual semantic relations, which are relations that are highly dependent on the context within the sentence, set expansion is not trivial, since instances are not directly queryable and filtering requires classification under a very restricted number of training instances. This work thus proposes a bootstrapped set expansion method for contextual semantic relations. It performs a best effort extraction using the Web, and a two-stage filtering of candidate instances, the first based on syntactic patterns and the second using a feature distance-based classifier designed for the low frequency setting. The relevance of the output is measured experimentally by using the expanded set as the training data of the supervised classification task, observing an incremental improvement in performance after each bootstrapping iteration when compared to values using the unexpanded training data.
Using superconducting qubit circuits to engineer exotic lattice systems

We propose an architecture based on superconducting qubits and resonators for the implementation of a variety of exotic lattice systems, such as spin and Hubbard models in higher or fractal dimensions and higher-genus topologies. Spin systems are realized naturally using qubits, while superconducting resonators can be used for the realization of Bose-Hubbard models. Fundamental requirements for these designs, such as controllable interactions between arbitrary qubit pairs, have recently been implemented in the laboratory, rendering our proposals feasible with current technology.
VM Migration Approach for Autonomic Fault Tolerance in Cloud Computing

VM Migration for Autonomic Fault Tolerance provides the continuous availability for applications in the event of virtual machine failures along with the benefits of improved performance and manageability. Multipath correlation coefficient approach for VM migration has been proposed, which takes into account the overutilization of CPU without performance degradation based on work variability. The proposed approach has been validated through CloudSim toolkit. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach is effective for handling VM migration or VM Reallocation. Further the proposed algorithm considerably reduces the VM Reallocation execution time, VM Reallocation time standard deviation and number of VM migrations. Keywords—VM Migration, autonomic, fault tolerance, cloud computing, overutilization.
Forecasting exchange rates using feedforward and recurrent neural networks

In this paper we investigate the out-of-sample forecasting ability of feedforward and recurrent neural networks based on empirical foreign exchange rate data. A two-step procedure is proposed to construct suitable networks, in which networks are selected based on the predictive stochastic complexity (PSC) criterion, and the selected networks are estimated using both recursive Newton algorithms and the method of nonlinear least squares. Our results show that PSC is a sensible criterion for selecting networks and for certain exchange rate series, some selected network models have significant market timing ability and/or significantly lower out-of-sample prediction error relative to the random walk model. Copyright 1995 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Large-Scale Online Expectation Maximization with Spark Streaming

Many “Big Data” applications in Machine Learning (ML) need to react quickly to large streams of incoming data. The standard paradigm nowadays is to run ML algorithms on frameworks designed for batch operations, such as MapReduce or Hadoop. By design, these frameworks are not a good match for low-latency applications. This is why we explore using a new, recently proposed model for large-scale stream processing, discretized streams (D-Streams [19]), for online Machine Learning. Our application is an online Expectation-maximization algorithm, that estimates the state of car traffic in the San Francisco Bay Area. Using D-Streams, we are able to achieve near-perfect scaling of our application on a commodity cluster in a reliable, fault-tolerant way. Our algorithm can update the state of traffic from hundreds of thousand of GPS observations within a few seconds.
File-sharing - A threat to intellectual property rights, or is the music industry just taking us for a spin?

File-sharing has become synonym with the “digital economy” where large music conglomerates as well as certain artist voice strong concern over the impact on their bottom line. This research analyzes the music industry, which has been heavily impacted by a major technological shift i.e. the invention, and rollout, of the Internet. We look to the technological shift that has enabled the downloading phenomenon, as well as analyze the uniqueness of the music industries situation. By comparing the book publishing industry as well as the software industry, which are arguably also influenced by intellectual property rights and plagiarism, we try to find similarities as well as dissimilarities with the music industry. We find that the music industry has used alliances as well as Mergers and Acquisitions in order to consolidate their positions in an attempt to slow down change. There is no consensus on the exact extent of ill effects of filesharing. We point to an unwillingness to achieve convergence of purpose between the IT-community and the much of the music industry. Finally we point to the historical fact that consumers always get what they want in the end, which should indicate a need to find a viable e-commerce solution (Less)
Four-point functions and kaon decays in a minimal AdS/QCD model

We study the predictions of holographic QCD for various observable four-point quark-flavor current-current correlators. The dual 5-dimensional bulk theory we consider is a SU(3){sub L}xSU(3){sub R} Yang-Mills theory in a slice of AdS{sub 5} spacetime with boundaries. Particular UV and IR boundary conditions encode the spontaneous breaking of the dual 4D global chiral symmetry down to the SU(3){sub V} subgroup. We explain in detail how to calculate the 4D four-point quark-flavor current-current correlators using the 5D holographic theory, including interactions. We use these results to investigate predictions of holographic QCD for the {delta}I=1/2 rule for kaon decays and the B{sub K} parameter. The results agree well in comparison with experimental data, with an accuracy of 25% or better. The holographic theory automatically includes the contributions of the meson resonances to the four-point correlators. The correlators agree well in the low-momentum and high-momentum limit, in comparison with chiral perturbation theory and perturbative QCD results, respectively.
Temporal and Resource Reasoning in Planning: the parcPLAN approach

This paper presents a new approach to the task of integrating temporal and resource reasoning in planning. The specific task is essentially a disjunctive scheduling problem complicated by three interdependent factors, (1) multiple capacity resources, (2) action overlap and (3) variable action duration. The approach uses Boolean meta-variables to link temporal and resource reasoning and is implemented in the CLP language ECLiPSe. Empirical studies indicate that the technique significantly enhances the search for plan feasibility and serves to minimise the effort of generating a plan using the least number of actions.
On the Infrared, Optical, and High-Energy Emission from the Anomalous X-Ray Pulsar 4U 0142+61

We show that the observed pulsed optical emission of the anomalous X-ray pulsar 4U 0142+61 can be accounted for by both the magnetar outer gap models and the disk-star dynamo gap models; therefore, there is no evidence favoring only one of these models as its responsible mechanism. Nevertheless, the estimated high-energy gamma-ray spectra from these models have different power-law indices and can be tested by future observations with the Gamma-Ray Large Area Space Telescope (GLAST). Furthermore, we show by analytical estimations that the expectations of a standard disk model are in agreement with the observed unpulsed optical and infrared luminosities of the AXP 4U 0142+61.
Modeling mesoscopic fluids with discrete-particles -methods, algorithms, and results

Mesoscopic features embedded within macroscopic phenomena in colloids and suspensions, when coupled together with micro-structural dynamics and boundary singularities, produce complex multi-resolution patterns, which are difficult to capture with the continuum model using partial differential equations, i.e., the Navier-Stokes equation and the Cahn-Hillard equation. The continuum model must be augmented with discretized microscopic models, such as molecular dynamics (MD), in order to provide an effective solver across the diverse scales with different physics. The high degree of spatial and temporal disparities of this approach makes it a computationally demanding task. In this survey we present the off-grid discrete-particles methods, which can be applied in modeling cross-scale properties of complex fluids. We can view the cross-scale endeavor characteristic of a multi-resolution homogeneous particle model, as a manifestation of the interactions present in the discrete particle model, which allow them to produce the microscopic and macroscopic modes in the mesoscopic scale. First, we describe a discrete-particle models in which the following spatio-temporal scales are obtained by subsequent coarse-graining of hierarchical systems consisting of atoms, molecules, fluid particles and moving mesh nodes. We then show some examples of 2D and 3D modeling of the RayleighTaylor mixing, phase separation, colloidal arrays, colloidal dynamics in the mesoscale and blood flow in microscopic vessels. The modeled multi-resolution patterns look amazingly similar to those found in laboratory experiments and can mimic a single micelle, colloidal crystals, largescale colloidal aggregates up to scales of hydrodynamic instabilities and the macroscopic phenomenon involving the clustering of red blood cells in capillaries. We can summarize the computationally homogeneous discrete particle model in the following hierarchical scheme: nonequilibrium molecular dynamics (NEMD), dissipative particle dynamics (DPD), fluid particle model (FPM), smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) and thermodynamically consistent DPD. An idea of powerful toolkit over the GRID can be formed from these discrete particle schemes to model successfully multiple-scale phenomena such as biological vascular and mesoscopic porous-media systems.
Feeling Cared For Versus Experiencing Added Burden: Parents' Interactions With Health-Care Providers in Pregnancy With a Lethal Fetal Diagnosis

This article reports on parental responses to and needs from health-care providers during pregnancy with a lethal fetal diagnosis (LFD). Sixteen mothers and 14 partners participated in a longitudinal, phenomenological study of continuing a pregnancy with an LFD. During individual and joint couple interviews conducted during pregnancy and postpartum, parents described numerous health-care interactions throughout pregnancy. From the participants' words, Categories of the Content, Process, and Outcome of these interactions emerged. They sought health care for the Content (information and expert guidance), but they desired providers who maintain hope, were caring and nonjudgmental, used a straightforward manner, and showed sensitivity to their developmental journey (Process). They also desired health-care systems that provided continuity of care and minimized waiting times (Process). We propose data-based recommendations for health-care providers to address the two identified opposing Outcomes: Feeling Cared For and Experiencing Added Burden.
Are mergers responsible for universal halo properties

N-body simulations of cold dark matter (CDM) have shown that, in this hierarchical structure formation model, dark matter halo properties, such as the density profile, the phase-space density profile, the distribution of axial ratio, the distribution of spin parameter and the distribution of internal specific angular momentum, follow 'universal' laws or distributions. Here, we study the properties of the first generation of haloes in a hot dark matter (HDM) dominated universe, as an example of halo formation through monolithic collapse. We find all these universalities to be present in this case also. Halo density profiles are very well fit by the Navarro, Frenk & White profile over two orders of magnitude in mass. The concentration parameter depends on mass as c α M 0.2 , reversing the dependence found in a hierarchical CDM universe. However, the concentration-formation time relation is similar in the two cases: earlier forming haloes tend to be more concentrated than their later forming counterparts. Halo formation histories are also characterized by two phases in the HDM case: an early phase of rapid accretion followed by slower growth. Furthermore, there is no significant difference between the HDM and CDM cases concerning the statistics of other halo properties: the phase-space density profile; the velocity anisotropy profile; the distribution of shape parameters; the distribution of spin parameter and the distribution of internal specific angular momentum are all similar in the two cases. Only substructure content differs dramatically. These results indicate that mergers do not play a pivotal role in establishing the universalities, thus contradicting models which explain them as consequences of mergers.
BACKLASH DETECTION IN GEARED MECHANISMS: MODELING, SIMULATION, AND EXPERIMENTATION

Abstract Backlash is a common fault that occurs in geared mechanisms, and can produce inaccuracy or uncontrollability of the mechanism. It is shown that, by modeling backlash as a microscopic impact, its presence can be detected and possibly measured using only simple sensors. The first stage of modeling establishes the need for the use of non-linear elastic sensors and damping forces in calculating the gear teeth reaction force. The second stage of modeling used a detailed digital multibody simulation to develop and test the effectiveness of the proposed detection approach. Experiments verify the efficacy of the methodology in practice. Finally, the results can be quantified for a test-bed mechanism, indicating that this methodology may be useful for condition monitoring of industrial mechanisms.
Organizational Socialization and Gender Differences in Students at Work

The focus of this research is adult organizational socialization. Organizational socialization has been broadly defined as â€œthe process by which an Individual acquires the social knowledge and skills necessary to assume an organiztiorial roleâ€™ (Van Maanen and Schein 1979. p. 211). In 1976, Feldman proposed a model describing how Individuals are socialized into organizations. (Background on. and description of, the Feldman model is provided below.) We investigated whether the socialization model proposed by Feldman holds for undergraduate students engaged in internships. We also examined differences between the socialization process experienced by males versus females.
Human development and regional disparities in Iran: a policy model

This paper argues that the future of composite indices of development such as the Human Development Index depends on how successfully they become operational and this is more likely to be possible at the country level for a variety of reasons. With this in mind the paper proposes a method and a model for the systematic reduction of regional disparities in the Islamic Republic of Iran, a problem which is of serious concern to policy makers in Iran at present. A number of indicators of education, health and economic welfare, from the recent Human Development Report of Iran, are employed to compare 26 provinces (regions) of Iran. This paper considers (i) a method for combining the data into a composite index of development and thereby ranking provinces with respect to their overall development; (ii) it proposes a method for capturing the extent of regional disparities with respect to the selected indicators, and (iii) it suggests a way of including the results into a policy model which aims at the systematic reduction of regional disparities in Iran. For this purpose it computes a set of targets for various provinces and suggests a way of adjusting these targets. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Origin of anthropogenic hydrocarbons and halocarbons measured in the summertime european outflow (on Crete in 2001)

During the Mediterranean Intensive Oxidant Study MINOS in August 2001, 87 air samples were collected at the ground-based station Finokalia (35°19'N, 25°40'E) on the north coast of Crete and subsequently analysed by GC-MS. The analysis includes various hydrocarbons, organo-halogens, HCFCs and CFCs. These compounds have a wide variety of sources and sinks and a large range of atmospheric lifetimes. We evaluated the characteristics of the sampling site in terms of proximity to individual sources by plotting the measured variability of these species against lifetime. The resulting linear relationship suggests that the sampling site is representative of intermediate conditions between a remote site and one that is in the vicinity of a wide variety of sources. Our analysis of air mass origin and chemical ratios also shows that several distinct anthropogenic sources influenced the atmospheric composition over Crete. Propane observations are compared to a global model to assess the fossil fuel related emission inventory. Although the model reproduces the general pattern of the propane variations, the model mixing ratios are systematically too low by a factor of 1.5 to 3, probably due to an underestimation of the propane emissions from east European countries in the underlying global database EDGAR. Another important finding was that methyl chloroform, a compound banned under the Montreal protocol, showed significant enhancements from background, which were well correlated with CFC-113. This suggests continued use and emission of methyl chloroform by one or more European countries. We also discuss the observed variations of methyl bromide and suggest that the significant peak observed on 12 August 2001 reflects heavy agricultural use as a soil fumigant in Italy.
Managerial Equity Ownership and the Demand for Outside Directors

This paper investigates the relationship between managerial equity ownership and the demand for outside directors in the U.K. corporate control process. In recognition of both the benefits (incentive-alignment effects) and costs (entrenchment effects) of managerial ownership, we propose and test for evidence of a convex association between the proportion of outside board members and the level of insider ownership. Two non-linear specifications (quadratic and logarithmic) are estimated and compared with the simple linear relationship assumed in prior research. Cross-sectional results provide strong evidence that the association between board composition and managerial ownership is indeed non-linear, with both the quadratic and logarithmic models outperforming the linear specification. Further analysis indicates that of the two non-linear models, the logarithmic specification dominates. These findings are also confirmed by an analysis of changes in board composition in response to the Cadbury Report's best practice recommendations on the use of outside directors. Overall, our results suggest that the role of outside directors and their association with managerial ownership is more complex than the simple substitution effect previously assumed.
Active Sodium and Potassium Transport in High Potassium and Low Potassium Sheep Red Cells

The kinetic characteristics of the ouabain-sensitive (Na + K) transport system (pump) of high potassium (HK) and low potassium (LK) sheep red cells have been investigated. In sodium medium, the curve relating pump rate to external K is sigmoid with half maximal stimulation (K1/2) occurring at 3 mM for both cell types, the maximum pump rate in HK cells being about four times that in LK cells. In sodium-free media, both HK and LK pumps are adequately described by the Michaelis-Menten equation, but the K1/2 for HK cells is 0.6 ± 0.1 mM K, while that for LK is 0.2 ± 0.05 mM K. When the internal Na and K content of the cells was varied by the PCMBS method, it was found that the pump rate of HK cells showed a gradual increase from zero at very low internal Na to a maximum when internal K was reduced to nearly zero (100% Na). In LK cells, on the other hand, no pump activity was detected if Na constituted less than 70% of the total (Na + K) in the cell. Increasing Na from 70 to nearly 100% of the internal cation composition, however, resulted in an exponential increase in pump rate in these cells to about ⅙ the maximum rate observed in HK cells. While changes in internal composition altered the pump rate at saturating concentrations of external K, it had no effect on the apparent affinity of the pumps for external K. These results lead us to conclude that the individual pump sites in the HK and LK sheep red cell membranes must be different. Moreover, we believe that these data contribute significantly to defining the types of mechanism which can account for the kinetic characteristics of (Na + K) transport in sheep red cells and perhaps in other systems.
Early childhood experiences shaping vulnerability to Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

According to the literature, inflated responsibility/sensitivity to guilt play a pivotal role in both the genesis and maintenance of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). They may be learned in childhood and adolescence, through particular experiences and parental rearing styles, involving criticism, excessively high standards, and social moralization. Preliminary data on the role of dysfunctional beliefs in the development/maintenance of OCD also show that nonaffected family members of OC individuals score higher than controls in domains concerning responsibility, suggesting it might represent a candidate endophenotype for the disorder. Compulsive conducts, that far from being mechanical reactions are instead clearly goal-oriented, may be triggered by the need of preventing responsibility/guilt. Therefore, useful psychological interventions aimed at not only reappraising meanings associated with the specific early experiences connected to hyper-sensitivity to guilt, but also at developing a more general compassionate and forgiving stance towards oneself, may prove particularly effective.