Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The sensory nature of knowledge: Sensory priming effects in semantic categorization

The aim of the present study was to show the perceptual nature of conceptual knowledge by using a priming paradigm that excluded an interpretation exclusively in terms of amodal representation. This paradigm was divided into two phases. The first phase consisted in learning a systematic association between a geometrical shape and a white noise. The second phase consisted of a short-term priming paradigm in which a primed shape (either associated or not with a sound in the first phase) preceded a picture of an object, which the participants had to categorize as representing a large or a small object. The objects were chosen in such a way that their principal function either was associated with the production of noise (“noisy” target) or was not typically associated the production of noise (“silent” target). The stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA) between the prime and the target was 100 ms or 500 ms. The results revealed an interference effect with a 100-ms SOA and a facilitatory effect with a 500-ms SOA for the noisy targets only. We interpreted the interference effect obtained at the 100-ms SOA as the result of an overlap between the components reactivated by the sound prime and those activated by the processing of the noisy target. At an SOA of 500 ms, there was no temporal overlap. The observed facilitatory effect was explained by the preactivation of auditory areas by the sound prime, thus facilitating the categorization of the noisy targets only.
Equine physiotherapy: a comparative view of the science underlying the profession.

This review presents a comparative viewpoint to accompany that published by Buchner and Schildboeck (2006). In their review the authors searched the veterinary literature for evidence behind selected physiotherapy modalities that have been used in the horse. However the present review focuses on the science behind physiotherapy and extends beyond the boundaries of the veterinary literature into the basic science and physiotherapy literature. Physiotherapy is an important allied health profession in the medical field where physiotherapists contribute an essential part to the care of individuals, from the young to the aged; including an essential role in elite sports. Depending upon the country, the legally protected professional title varies and includes physiotherapist, physical therapist and chartered physiotherapist. More recently, animal physiotherapy has emerged as a special clinical interest area of the physiotherapy profession, working closely with veterinarians in the treatment of animals. In the equestrian world, this encompasses the assessment and treatment of horse and rider. The profile of this relationship has been heightened by the official use of physiotherapists during Olympic and international level equestrian competitions for many of the teams including England, Australia and New Zealand. The equestrian sports are rapidly catching up with other international competition sports, such as football and athletics, where individuals and teams utilise the professional service of physiotherapists in the treatment, maintenance and performance enhancement of horse and rider. Despite the high profile of equine physiotherapy, it is still an emerging subdiscipline of the physiotherapy profession; and limited information is available about its definition and where it fits professionally alongside that of the veterinary profession. Physiotherapy is a wide ranging profession with many formally recognised special interest areas. For example, there are 6 internationally recognised subgroups of the World Confederation for Physical Therapy (WCPT): namely the International: a) Federation of Orthopaedic Manipulative Therapists, b) Federation of Sports Physiotherapy, c) Organisation of Physical Therapists in Women’s Health, d) Association of Physical Therapists Working with Older People, e) Acupuncture Association of Physical Therapists and f) Private Practitioners Association. Therefore, it would be an impossible task to review the entire profession and its applicability to equine physiotherapy. The key area of physiotherapy applicable to horses is musculoskeletal physiotherapy, encompassing assessment, treatment and rehabilitation of neuromuscular and musculoskeletal disorders. Underpinning musculoskeletal physiotherapy are the sciences of functional biomechanics, neuromotor control and exercise physiology. The aim of this review is to discuss the science and evidence behind the physiotherapy profession; and the relevance or application of key aspects of musculoskeletal physiotherapy and its underpinning science to the performance horse.
Effectiveness of different surgical modalities in the management of temporomandibular joint ankylosis: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND A meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of three surgical modalities-gap arthroplasty (GA), interpositional gap arthroplasty (IPG) and joint reconstruction (AR)-in treating temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis. METHODS A systematic review was performed using the PUBMED, EMBASE and OVID search engines in February 2015 to identify cohort studies with no restrictions, with the aim of evaluating the three surgical modalities. The outcome was the change between the pre- and postoperative maximal incisal opening (MIO). Analyses of category, heterogeneity, sensitivity and publication bias were performed. A fixed-effects model was used to compute the pooled weighted mean difference in the MIO among the different groups. RESULT Seventeen studies with 740 participants were included in the final analysis. The IPG therapy showed a significantly greater MIO when compared to GA (WMD=1.16 mm; 95% CI, 0.15-2.16) and AR (WMD=0.99 mm; 95% CI, 0.05-1.92) therapies. The weighted mean difference between the AR and GA modalities was 2.94 mm (95% CI, 0.12-5.75). The pooled odds ratios (ORs) of the recurrence rate for IPG, GA and AR were 0.01 (95% CI, 0.00-0.03), 0.03 (95% CI, 0.00-0.07) and 0.06 (95% CI, 0.04-0.09), respectively. CONCLUSION The analysis showed that IPG was more effective and displayed a lower recurrence rate, followed by AR and GA, in treating TMJ ankylosis. Thus, this analysis provides strong evidence supporting IPG as a first-line therapy for TMJ ankylosis.
A life-course perspective on stigma-handling: resilience in persons of restricted growth narrated in life histories

Abstract Purpose: The aim of the study is to explore how personal and contextual experiences throughout the life course are recollected as having influenced the development of stigma-handling strategies among people associated with disability and stigma. The article describes the development of stigma handling among ageing persons of restricted growth in order to avert negative effects, develop resilience, strengthen the self and support a positive identity. Method: Qualitative retrospective interviews were conducted with ten persons – seven women and three men aged between 45 and 65 years – of short stature. Their narratives are analysed from a life-course perspective and the results presented under two main themes: the development of strategies during different stages of life, and the use of general non-stage-bound strategies. Results: The study shows how stigma-handling has evolved from childhood to become, by adult years, refined, contextualised strategies demonstrating human resilience. The analysis documents the impact of human agency on personal lives and the subjects’ efforts and strengths in handling adversity. Conclusion: The results demonstrate how the “insider perspective” reveals the individual’s resources, resilience and strategies and provides an important perspective for the rehabilitation setting. Implications for Rehabilitation The study document human agency, resilience and strength in a life course perspective among people of restricted growth faced with stigmatization. The efforts and stigma handling strategies developed during the life course, such as withdrawal, humour, ignoring and positive thinking, are important tools to be recognized with relevance for other patient groups. The “insider perspective” revealing the potentialities and strength of human agency and resilience, should be further explored within the field of rehabilitation.
Adaptive brain interfaces for physically-disabled people

This paper presents first results of an adaptive brain interface suitable for deployment outside controlled laboratory settings. It robustly recognizes three purely mental states from on-line spontaneous EEG signals and has them associated to simple commands. Three commands allow to interact intelligently with a computer-based system through task decomposition. Our approach seeks to develop individual interfaces since no two people are the same either physiologically or psychologically. Thus the interface adapts to its owner as its neural classifier learns user-specific filters.
Neuroprotective effect and intraocular penetration of nipradilol, a beta-blocker with nitric oxide donative action.

PURPOSE To investigate the effect of nipradilol, an alpha(1),beta-blocker with a nitric oxide donative action, on N:-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-induced retinal damage in rats and to determine whether topically instilled nipradilol penetrates the ipsilateral posterior retina-choroid at pharmacologically active concentrations in rabbits. METHODS To determine effects on NMDA-induced damage, drugs were injected alone or with NMDA into the vitreous of one eye, and cell loss in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) and thinning of the retinal neural cell layers were histologically evaluated. To evaluate posterior penetration, first, [(14)C]-nipradilol was instilled, and its tissue concentration was measured. Second, nipradilol or timolol was instilled, and their effects on intravitreal injection of endothelin-1-induced retinal artery contraction were compared, to evaluate whether a pharmacologically active level of nipradilol penetrates the inner limiting layer by topical application. RESULTS Intravitreous injection of NMDA reduced cell numbers in the GCL and the thickness of the inner plexiform layer (IPL) to 50.4% +/- 2.6% and 47.8% +/- 4.9% (n = 8) of control, respectively. Nipradilol alone had no effect. Coadministration of nipradilol with NMDA reduced cell numbers in the GCL and IPL thickness to 67.8% +/- 2.2% and 74.4% +/- 5.2% of control, respectively (P: < 0.05-0.01). Sodium nitroprusside, but not timolol or bunazosin, also significantly prevented the NMDA-induced reduction of cell numbers in the GCL and IPL thickness. Radioactivity of nipradilol was found in the ipsilateral posterior retina-choroid at 318.6 +/- 42.9 ng/g (n = 4), which was significantly higher than in the contralateral control (107.4 +/- 21.8 ng/g). Topical application of nipradilol, but not timolol, significantly suppressed the endothelin-1-induced contraction of the retinal artery (83.95% +/- 8.15% and 35.24% +/- 5.62% of baseline vessel diameter for nipradilol and timolol, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Nipradilol suppressed the NMDA-induced retinal damage in rats for which nitric oxide released from nipradilol may be responsible. Posterior penetration studies suggested that an effective concentration of nipradilol reached the posterior retina after topical application.
The Parent Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (PPFQ): Item Reduction and Validation in a Clinical Sample of Swedish Parents of Children with Chronic Pain

In pediatric chronic pain, research indicates a positive relation between parental psychological flexibility (i.e., the parent’s willingness to experience distress related to the child’s pain in the service of valued behavior) and level of functioning in the child. This points to the utility of targeting parental psychological flexibility in pediatric chronic pain. The Parent Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire (PPFQ) is currently the only instrument developed for this purpose, and two previous studies have indicated its reliability and validity. The current study sought to validate the Swedish version of the 17-item PPFQ (PPFQ-17) in a sample of parents (n = 263) of children with chronic pain. Factor structure and internal reliability were evaluated by means of principal component analysis (PCA) and Cronbach’s alpha. Concurrent criterion validity was examined by hierarchical multiple regression analyses with parental anxiety and depression as outcomes. The PCA supported a three-factor solution with 10 items explaining 69.5% of the total variance. Cronbach’s alpha (0.86) indicated good internal consistency. The 10-item PPFQ (PPFQ-10) further explained a significant amount of variance in anxiety (29%), and depression (35.6%), confirming concurrent validity. In conclusion, results support the reliability and validity of the PPFQ-10, and suggest its usefulness in assessing psychological flexibility in parents of children with chronic pain.
The Influence of Emotional Intelligence on Social Science Learning Achievement Class VIII Students at SMP Negeri 1 Sungai Ambawang

There is a perspective if intellectual intelligence is the only factor in achieve learning achievement so that efforts to develop emotional intelligence do not noticed. This study aims to determine the effect of emotional intelligence on social science learning achievement in class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Sungai Ambawang. This research using quantitative methods with a population of 112 from class VIII at SMP Negeri 1 Sungai Ambawang. Sampling using the simple random sampling technique, so obtained a sample of 88. Data collection using a questionnaire and social science value data as research instrument, then to look for the effect of emotional intelligence on achievement study social science using a simple linear regression test using SPSS 24. From the results of data collection known if there are 47 samples that have high emotional intelligence and 41 with a level moderate, then from the Social science final exam scores there were 76 samples who passed and 12 people did not complete. It was found that the R square value was 0.616, this result is significant if emotional intelligence affect social science learning achievement by 61.6%. From the value of R square it can be concluded if intelligence emotional has an influence on social science learning achievement in class VIII students at SMP Negeri 1 Sungai Ambawang.
Revolutionizing Malware Detection: Feature-Based Approach for Targeting Diverse Malware Categories

In today's digital landscape, the task of identifying various types of malicious files has become progressively challenging. Modern malware exhibits increasing sophistication, often evading conventional anti-malware solutions. The scarcity of data on distinct and novel malware strains further complicates effective detection. In response, this research presents an innovative approach to malware detection, specifically targeting multiple distinct categories of malicious software. In the initial stage, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is performed and achieved a remarkable accuracy rate of 95.39%. Our methodology revolves around leveraging features commonly accessible from user-uploaded files, aligning with the contextual behavior of typical users seeking to identify malignancy. This underscores the efficacy of the unique feature-based detection strategy and its potential to enhance contemporary malware identification methodologies. The outcomes achieved attest to the significance of addressing emerging malware threats through inventive analytical paradigms.
Meta‐analysis of determinants of survival following treatment of recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma

Intrahepatic recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) following resection is common. However, no current consensus guidelines exist to inform management decisions in these patients. Systematic review and meta‐analysis of survival following different treatment modalities may allow improved treatment selection. This review aimed to identify the optimum treatment strategies for HCC recurrence.
Interpersonal traits change as a function of disease type and severity in degenerative brain diseases

Background Different degenerative brain diseases result in distinct personality changes as a result of divergent patterns of brain damage; however, little is known about the natural history of these personality changes throughout the course of each disease. Objective To investigate how interpersonal traits change as a function of degenerative brain disease type and severity. Methods Using the Interpersonal Adjective Scales, informant ratings of retrospective premorbid and current scores for dominance, extraversion, warmth and ingenuousness were collected annually for 1 to 4 years on 188 patients (67 behavioural variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), 40 semantic dementia (SemD), 81 Alzheimer's disease (AD)) and 65 older healthy controls. Using random coefficient models, interpersonal behaviour scores at very mild, mild or moderate-to-severe disease stages were compared within and between patient groups. Results Group-level changes from premorbid personality occurred as a function of disease type and severity, and were apparent even at a very mild disease stage (Clinical Dementia Rating=0.5) for all three diseases. Decreases in interpersonal traits were associated with emotional affiliation (ie, extraversion, warmth and ingenuousness) and more rigid interpersonal behaviour differentiated bvFTD and SemD patients from AD patients. Conclusions Specific changes in affiliative interpersonal traits differentiate degenerative brain diseases even at a very mild disease stage, and patterns of personality change differ across bvFTD, SemD and AD with advancing disease. This study describes the typical progression of change of interpersonal traits in each disease, improving the ability of clinicians and caregivers to predict and plan for symptom progression.
Improved accuracy and low-sensitivity design of digital allpass based hilbert transformers

In this paper, a very efficient approach to extend the frequency range over which the allpass-based digital Hilbert transformers phase difference is kept near constant and to reduce the deviation of the phase from 90° in a limited wordlength environment is proposed. This approach is based on minimization of the phase sensitivity of each individual allpass section in the cascade realization of the two branches of the parallel allpass structure, depending on their transfer function pole positions. The new results are verified by examples and experiments.
IL-12 RB1 Genetic Variants Contribute to Human Susceptibility to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Infection among Chinese

Background Cytokines play important roles in antiviral action. We examined whether polymorphisms of interleukin (IL)-12 receptor B1 (IL-12RB1) affect the susceptibility to and outcome of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Methods A case-control study was carried out in Chinese SARS patients and healthy controls. The genotypes of 4SNPs on IL-12 RB1 gene, +705A/G,+1158T/C, +1196G/C and +1664 C/T, were determined by PCR-RFLP. Haplotypes were estimated from the genotype data using the expectation-maximisation algorithm. Results Comparison between patients and close contacts showed that individuals with the +1664 C/T (CT and TT) genotype had a 2.09-fold (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.90–7.16) and 2.34-fold (95% CI, 1.79–13.37) increased risk of developing SARS, respectively. For any of the other three polymorphisms, however, no significant difference can be detected in allele or genotype frequencies between patients and controls. Additionally, estimation of the frequencies of multiple-locus haplotypes revealed potential risk haplotypes (GCCT) for SARS infection. Conclusions Our data indicate that genetic variants of IL12RB1confer genetic susceptibility to SARS infection, but not necessary associated with the progression of the disease in Chinese population.
Human Mutation

Department of Biomedicine, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland Departments of Anesthesia, Basel University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland Genome Plasticity Group, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Department of Neurology, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Department of Neurology, Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark Department of Neurology, University Hospital Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands Department of Human Genetics, Service de Génétique, CHU de Liege, Liege, Belgium Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa, Iowa Division of Genetics and Genomics, The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts Department of Pediatrics, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa, Iowa Department of Neurology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa, Iowa Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy Department of Neurology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy Laboratory of Muscle Histopathology and Molecular Biology IRCCS‐Policlinico San Donato, Milan, Italy MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL Institute of Neurology and National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK Department of Paediatric Neurology, Neuromuscular Service, Evelina Children’s Hospital, St. Thomas’ Hospital, London, UK Department of Basic and Clinical Neuroscience, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King’s College London, London, UK Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Muscle Signalling Section, King’s College, London, UK Dubowitz Neuromuscular Centre and MRC Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, UCL, Institute of Child Health, London, UK NIHR Great Ormond Street Hospital Biomedical Research Centre, London, UK Department of Life Sciences, Microbiology and Applied Pathology Section, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
Some Insights Into Computational Models of (Patho)physiological Brain Activity

The amount of experimental data concerning physiology and anatomy of the nervous system is growing very fast, challenging our capacity to make comprehensive syntheses of the plethora of data available. Computer models of neuronal networks provide useful tools to construct such syntheses. They can be used to interpret experimental data, generate experimentally testable predictions, and formulate new hypotheses regarding the function of the neural systems. Models can also act as a bridge between different levels of neuronal organization. The ultimate aim of computational neuroscience is to provide a link between behavior and underlying neural mechanisms. Depending on the specific aim of the model, there are different levels of neuronal organization at which the model can be set. Models are constructed at the microscopic (molecular and cellular), macroscopic level (local populations or systems), or dynamical systems level. Apart from purely computational models, hybrid networks are being developed in which biological neurons are connected in vitro to computer simulated neurons. Also, neuromorphic systems are recently being created using silicon chips that mimic computational operations in the brain. This paper reviews various computational models of the brain and insights obtained through their simulations.