Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Roles of the Mammalian Cytosolic Cysteine Desulfurase, ISCS, and Scaffold Protein, ISCU, in Iron-Sulfur Cluster Assembly*

Iron-sulfur clusters are prosthetic groups composed of sulfur and iron that are found in respiratory chain complexes and numerous enzymes. Iron-sulfur clusters are synthesized in a multistep process that utilizes cysteine desulfurases, scaffold proteins, chaperones, and iron donors. Assembly of iron-sulfur clusters occurs in the mitochondrial matrix of mammalian cells, but cytosolic isoforms of three major mammalian iron-sulfur cluster (ISC) assembly components have been found, raising the possibility that de novo ironsulfur cluster biogenesis also occurs in cytosol. The human cysteine desulfurase, ISCS, has two isoforms, one of which targets to the mitochondria, whereas the other less abundant form is cytosolic and nuclear. The open-reading frame of cytosolic mammalian ISCS begins at the second AUG of the transcript and lacks mitochondrial targeting information. Yeast complementation experiments have suggested that the human cytosolic ISCS isoform (c-ISCS) cannot be functional. To evaluate function of c-ISCS, we overexpressed the human cytosolic ISCS in yeast Pichia pastoris and showed that the cytosolic form of ISCS is an active cysteine desulfurase that covalently binds 35S acquired from desulfuration of radiolabeled cysteine. Human cytosolic ISCS dimerized as efficiently as bacterial ISCS and formed a complex in vitro with overexpressed cytosolic human ISCU. When incubated with iron regulatory protein 1, cysteine, and iron, the cytosolic forms of ISCS and ISCU facilitated efficient formation of a [4Fe-4S] cluster on IRP1. Thus, the cytosolic form of ISCS is a functional cysteine desulfurase that can collaborate with cytosolic ISCU to promote de novo iron-sulfur cluster formation.
Instrumentation for comparing student and faculty perceptions of competency-based assessment.

OBJECTIVES To compare student and faculty perceptions of the delivery and achievement of professional competencies in a doctor of pharmacy program in order to provide data for both accountability and curricular improvement purposes. DESIGN A survey instrument was designed based on current learning theory, and 76 specific competency statements generated from mission and goal statements of The Ohio State University College of Pharmacy and the Center for the Advancement of Pharmaceutical Education. This instrument was administered to PharmD program students and faculty. ASSESSMENT The number of competencies by program year that are delivered in the curriculum, the percent of students and faculty reporting individual competency delivery and achievement, and differences between student and faculty perceptions of competency delivery and achievement are reported. CONCLUSION The faculty and student opinions provided an in-depth view of curricular outcomes. Gathering perception data from faculty and students about the delivery and achievement of competencies in a PharmD program can be used to both meet accreditation requirements (accountability) and to improve the curriculum (improvement).
Hemispheric Asymmetries

A computational theory of hemispheric asymmetries in perception (double filtering by frequency) is described. Its central tenet is that the cerebral hemispheres first perform symmetric filtering of visual and auditory information. Functional hemispheric asymmetry arises from a second filtering stage (containing filters skewed in different directions in the two hemispheres). The first stage selects a range of task-relevant spatial or auditory frequencies from the absolute values. This range is passed to the asymmetric filters. In this way, the hemispheric difference becomes one of relative rather than absolute information. Behavioral deficits due to unilateral lesions in neurological patients and neuroimaging and electrophysiological measures in normal subjects implicate posterior cortex in these hemispheric differences.
Context-dependent environmental sound monitoring using SOM coupled with LEGION

Environmental sound measurement networks are increasingly applied for monitoring noise pollution in an urban context. Intelligent measurement nodes offer the opportunity to perform advanced analysis of environmental sound, but tradeoffs between cost and functionality still have to be made. When using a tiered architecture, local nodes with limited computing capabilities can be used to detect sound events of potential interest, which are then further analyzed by more powerful nodes. This paper presents a human-mimicking model for detecting rare and conspicuous sound events. Features encoding spectro-temporal irregularities are extracted from the sound, and a Self-Organizing Map (SOM) is used to identify co-occurring features, which most likely belong to a single sound object. Extensive training allows this map to be tuned to the typical sounds that are heard at the microphone location. A Locally Excitatory Globally Inhibitory Oscillator Network (LEGION) is used to group units of the SOM in order to construct distinct sound objects.
Design and Comparison of Explicit Model Predictive Controllers for an Electropneumatic Clutch Actuator Using On/Off Valves

This paper considers the optimal reference-tracking control of an electropneumatic clutch actuator for heavy duty trucks for which there exists an experimentally validated model. To control both supply to and exhaust from the clutch actuator chamber, one pair of on/ off valves is used. The fast dynamics of the actuator and the presence of state and input constraints makes it appropriate to design an explicit nonlinear model predictive controller (NMPC). In this paper, two different types of explicit NMPC controllers for optimal reference-tracking control of the electropneumatic clutch actuator are designed (one of the controllers applies a pulsewidth modulation (PWM) scheme, while the other controller allows the valves to be only fully opened or fully closed). The closed-loop performance of the two controllers is verified by simulating with the clutch actuator model. The controllers are compared with respect to control performance, real-time computational complexity, and storage requirements. A performance comparison with a sliding-mode controller and a PID controller shows that the explicit NMPC with PWM provides the highest reference-tracking quality. An appealing feature of explicit NMPC is that the performance improvement is feasible to implement with low computational complexity even for fast mechatronic systems.
Embedding New Management Knowledge in Project-Based Organizations

The embedding of new management knowledge in project-based organization is made particularly problematic due to the attenuated links that exist between organization-wide change initiatives and project management practice. To explore the complex processes involved in change in project-based organization, this paper draws upon a case study of change within the UK construction industry. Analysing the case study through the lens of structuration theory (Giddens 1984), the paper examines the complex, recursive relationship that links change in project management practice with the peculiarities of that context. The findings demonstrate that a number of features of project-based organization — namely, decentralization, short-term emphasis on project performance and distributed work practices — are critically important in understanding the shaping and embedding of new management practice.
Educational Action Research for Sustainability: Constructing a Vision for the Future in Teacher Education

Educational Action Research for Sustainability: Constructing a Vision for the Future in Teacher Education This article discloses a fragment of a broader action research aimed to design the learning environment facilitating the research skills in teacher education. Presented case reflects the possibilities to construct a vision for the future in an educational action research in the context of four-dimensional model of sustainability. The next teachers used this model to structure their viewpoints on the sustainability situation in Latvia. They identified the most typical features of current situation and evaluated features worth to preserve and develop in the foreseeable future to reach the sustainability. Qualitative and quantitative data analysis endorsed to discern the common vision for the future - reflecting the features of sustainability and non-sustainability identified in each dimension of sustainability. Among the features singled out from the viewpoints of students, actions and action results prevailed. At the end of the action research the strategy employed in presented research was compared with one often employed in the public space to construct a vision for the future through community involvement.
Reduced folate carrier mutations are not the mechanism underlying methotrexate resistance in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Although the majority of children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) are cured with combination chemotherapy containing methotrexate (MTX), drug resistance contributes to treatment failure for a substantial fraction of patients. The primary transporter for folates and MTX is the reduced folate carrier (RFC). Impaired drug transport is a documented mechanism of MTX resistance in patients with ALL; however, to the authors' knowledge it is not known whether inactivating RFC mutations are a contributing factor.
Young females' reasons for dropping out of secondary school in Matemwe, Zanzibar

This undergraduate thesis was conducted in the village of Matemwe, Northeast coast of Unguja Island, Zanzibar. It was financed by Sida’s Minor Field Study scholarship in September and October 2012. The study focuses on females who dropped out of Form 1 and 2 in lower secondary school between the years 2007 and 2012. Using qualitative interview technique with priority ranking flashcards functioning as a medium of communication, this study intends to identify reasons why eight females in this village dropped out of school and to understand their thoughts on how the decision affects their future. The content of each flashcard was based on previous research covering reasons for dropping out of school. Each respondent chose two to six reasons, with the most common causes being linguistic barriers, health issues and financial circumstances. Despite these patterns being identified, a dropout is a complex matter including a long story. The young females were found to have great ability to cope with difficulties that may cause school dropout partly because they had positive thoughts about education and its future benefits. To conclude, the decision to drop out was in all cases rational and based on several reasons. Finally, the relationship between dropouts and poverty cannot be ignored.
CLINICAL AND RADIOGRAPHIC EVALUATION OF THE OSSEOINTEGRATION, BONE LEVEL, BONE DENSITY AROUND SHORT DENTAL IMPLANTS IN POSTERIOR ATROPHIC MAXILLA

INTRODUCTION: Edentulous ridge in the posterior maxilla is often compromised by reduced bone volume. This anatomical condition limits the implant placement without sinus augmentation. The use of short implant minimizes the need of more extensive sinus floor elevation, thus reducing the duration and morbidity of the treatment. OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate the osseointegration, bone level and bone density around short dental implants in posterior atrophic maxilla. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty short implants (Euroteknika-74700 sallanches-FRANCE) were inserted in posterior atrophic maxilla in ten adult patients. The bone density of implants recipient sites was determined by gray scale using CBCT. The implants’ stability was measured by resonance frequency analysis using Osstell ISQ. The bone level around the implant was measured by image J program. The values were determined immediately post-operatively and on intervals of 1, 3 & 6 months. RESULTS: The mean bone density value was (1522.0±137.14) at the site of implant placement preoperatively and (1649.50± 102.93), (1832.95±92.41), (1934.25± 82.72) at 1st, 3rd and 6th months postoperative respectively, there was a statistical significant increase. The mean implant stability value was (60.30+6.09) immediately post-operatively, then increased to (70.06±4.61) on the 6th month, there was a statistical significant increase. The marginal bone level immediately postoperatively was (0.54 ± 0.10 mm), on the 3rd month it was (0.62 ± 0.12 mm), on the 6th month it was (0.69 ± 0.15 mm) and on the 9th month it was (0.79 ± 0.21 mm). There was a statistically significant increase. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that short implants might be a preferable choice to place in atrophic posterior maxilla since the treatment is faster, cheaper and associated with less morbidity, however their long-term prognosis is unknown. KEY WORDS: Atrophic maxilla, Short implant, Bone density, Marginal bone level, Implant stability.
Capuchin Monkeys (Cebus apella) Fail To Be Equitable In An Ultimatum Game

The ultimatum game is a commonly used economics game testing humans‟ sense of fairness. In the game, a “proposer” is given a sum of money and is told they can split it however they want with another human partner. The partner can then either accept the division and both proposer and responder receive the proposed amounts, or the responder can reject the offer and neither player will get anything. Human subjects from most western cultures typically share almost half of an allotted amount, but it remains unknown whether our close primate relatives share this generosity. Recent attempts to present chimpanzees with the ultimatum game have provided inconclusive results, with some studies finding the animals share humans‟ disposition to behave „fairly‟ and others concluding that chimpanzees act selfishly to maximize their own rewards. Capuchin monkeys are known to share many human and chimpanzee social and cooperative behaviors, and this study was the first to present capuchin monkeys with a version of the ultimatum game. Subjects were presented with two differently colored tokens representing different qualitative reward contingencies, one equitable and the other inequitable in favor of the subject proposer. Subjects could select and place one of the tokens in a transfer container. The capuchins were first tested with a “dictator game” where, after the subject monkey selected a token, the rewards (equitable or inequitable) were distributed to the subject and a nearby partner monkey that was not an active participant. The capuchins were then tested on an ultimatum game in which after the subject selected and placed a token in the container, the container was moved to the
Cluster analysis of midlife women's sleep-related symptoms: racial/ethnic differences

Objective:The purpose of this study was to identify clusters of midlife women by sleep-related symptoms in multiethnic groups and to examine racial/ethnic differences in the clusters. Methods:This secondary analysis was conducted on data from 1,054 midlife women who participated in two cross-sectional descriptive national Internet surveys. The instruments included questions on background characteristics, health, and menopause status, and the Sleep Index for Midlife Women. The data were analyzed using hierarchical clustering methods, &khgr;2 test, analysis of variance, and multinomial logistic regression analyses. Results:A four-cluster solution was adopted: cluster 1 (low total symptoms group), cluster 2 (moderate physical and psychosomatic symptoms group), cluster 3 (moderate psychological symptoms group), and cluster 4 (high total symptoms group). There were significant differences in education, employment status, family income, social support, country of birth, race/ethnicity, body mass index, perceived general health, diagnosed disease, access to health care, and menopause status among clusters (P < 0.05). In cluster 1 only, there were significant racial/ethnic differences in the total number of total severity scores for physical symptoms (P < 0.01). When racial/ethnic differences in individual symptoms in each cluster were determined, there were no consistent racial/ethnic differences. Conclusions:Researchers need to consider that racial/ethnic differences could be prominent in midlife women with low sleep-related symptoms.
Noncoherent Decision-Feedback Equalization in Massive MIMO Systems

In this paper, a noncoherent approach to decision- feedback equalization (DFE) in multi-user massive MIMO sys- tems is presented. Thereby, the contradicting principles of DFE, where interference of already detected symbols is canceled using actual channel knowledge, and noncoherent reception, where the symbols are detected without any channel-state information, are combined. Based on an analysis of the statistics of the interference terms in autocorrelation-based noncoherent receivers, DFE is proposed and optimized. In combination with decision-feedback differential detection of the individual users, a low-complexity high-performance scheme is established.
Re-Visiting Trichuris trichiura Intensity Thresholds Based on Anemia during Pregnancy

Background The intensity categories, or thresholds, currently used for Trichuris trichiura (ie. epg intensities of 1–999 (light); 1,000–9,999 epg (moderate), and ≥10,000 epg (heavy)) were developed in the 1980s, when there were little epidemiological data available on dose-response relationships. This study was undertaken to determine a threshold for T. trichiura-associated anemia in pregnant women and to describe the implications of this threshold in terms of the need for primary prevention and chemotherapeutic interventions. Methodology/Principal Findings In Iquitos, Peru, 935 pregnant women were tested for T. trichiura infection in their second trimester of pregnancy; were given daily iron supplements throughout their pregnancy; and had their blood hemoglobin levels measured in their third trimester of pregnancy. Women in the highest two T. trichiura intensity quintiles (601–1632 epg and ≥1633 epg) had significantly lower mean hemoglobin concentrations than the lowest quintile (0–24 epg). They also had a statistically significantly higher risk of anemia, with adjusted odds ratios of 1.67 (95% CI: 1.02, 2.62) and 1.73 (95% CI: 1.09, 2.74), respectively. Conclusions/Significance This analysis provides support for categorizing a T. trichiura infection ≥1,000 epg as ‘moderate’, as currently defined by the World Health Organization. Because this ‘moderate’ level of T. trichiura infection was found to be a significant risk factor for anemia in pregnant women, the intensity of Trichuris infection deemed to cause or aggravate anemia should no longer be restricted to the ‘heavy’ intensity category. It should now include both ‘heavy’ and ‘moderate’ intensities of Trichuris infection. Evidence-based deworming strategies targeting pregnant women or populations where anemia is of concern should be updated accordingly.
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition Milk: the New Sports Drink? a Review

There has been growing interest in the potential use of bovine milk as an exercise beverage, especially during recovery from resistance training and endurance sports. Based on the limited research, milk appears to be an effective post-resistance exercise beverage that results in favourable acute alterations in protein metabolism. Milk consumption acutely increases muscle protein synthesis, leading to an improved net muscle protein balance. Furthermore, when post-exercise milk consumption is combined with resistance training (12 weeks minimum), greater increases in muscle hypertrophy and lean mass have been observed. Although research with milk is limited, there is some evidence to suggest that milk may be an effective post-exercise beverage for endurance activities. Low-fat milk has been shown to be as effective, if not more effective, than commercially available sports drinks as a rehydration beverage. Milk represents a more nutrient dense beverage choice for individuals who partake in strength and endurance activities, compared to traditional sports drinks. Bovine low-fat fluid milk is a safe and effective post exercise beverage for most individuals, except for those who are lactose intolerant. Further research is warranted to better delineate the possible applications and efficacy of bovine milk in the field of sports nutrition.
Nasopharyngeal tube: a simple and effective tool to screen patients indicated for glossopharyngeal surgery.

STUDY OBJECTIVES The aim of this prospective controlled study was to explore the diagnostic value of repeated polysomnography (PSG) post-nasopharyngeal tube insertion in the setting of glossopharyngeal obstruction in obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). METHODS Patients were eligible for this study if they were diagnosed as OSAHS by the first PSG and presented with moderate to severe OSAHS by repeated PSG scanning post-nasopharyngeal tube insertion (NPT-PSG). Fifty-nine patients were enrolled into this study and assigned to received either modified uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (H-UPPP; n = 25) or H-UPPP in combination with glossopharyngeal surgery (n = 34). RESULTS General data and PSG data were collected prior to and following nasopharyngeal tube insertion and were found not to be significantly different. However, both the PSG and Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) were significantly superior in the combination group compared to the UPPP alone group post-surgery. The success rates of surgery were 82.3% and 40.0%, respectively. CONCLUSION Patients with moderate to severe OSAHS post-nasopharyngeal tube insertion generally have glossopharyngeal obstruction. Glossopharyngeal surgery can significantly improve surgical outcome in the setting of OSAHS.
Association of Protein Phosphatase PPM1G With Alcohol Use Disorder and Brain Activity During Behavioral Control in a Genome-Wide Methylation Analysis.

OBJECTIVE The genetic component of alcohol use disorder is substantial, but monozygotic twin discordance indicates a role for nonheritable differences that could be mediated by epigenetics. Despite growing evidence associating epigenetics and psychiatric disorders, it is unclear how epigenetics, particularly DNA methylation, relate to brain function and behavior, including drinking behavior. METHOD The authors carried out a genome-wide analysis of DNA methylation of 18 monozygotic twin pairs discordant for alcohol use disorder and validated differentially methylated regions. After validation, the authors characterized these differentially methylated regions using personality trait assessment and functional MRI in a sample of 499 adolescents. RESULTS Hypermethylation in the 3'-protein-phosphatase-1G (PPM1G) gene locus was associated with alcohol use disorder. The authors found association of PPM1G hypermethylation with early escalation of alcohol use and increased impulsiveness. They also observed association of PPM1G hypermethylation with increased blood-oxygen-level-dependent response in the right subthalamic nucleus during an impulsiveness task. CONCLUSIONS Overall, the authors provide first evidence for an epigenetic marker associated with alcohol consumption and its underlying neurobehavioral phenotype.