Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Students' and teachers' cognitions about good teachers.

BACKGROUND Good teachers have been studied ever since Plato described how Socrates taught by asking questions of his audience. Recent findings shed light on two characteristics of good teachers: their personality and their ability. However, more attention has been paid to teachers' practices and opinions than to students' views. AIMS The study reported here attempted to deepen our understanding of what students think about good teachers. SAMPLE Students of four age groups (7, 10, 13, and 16 years of age) and teachers from primary and secondary schools were asked to write an essay on the good teacher. METHODS The correspondence between conceptual items in the essays was investigated by determining the extent to which they were used in the same essays to describe good teachers. RESULTS Correspondence analysis revealed two dimensions. The first dimension reflected the preference of students and teachers for describing the good teacher in terms of either personality or ability characteristics. The second dimension was interpreted as an orientation in the essays towards either attachment to, detachment from or commitment to school and teachers. Students and teachers were compared to establish the amount of (dis)agreement about what makes a good teacher. Primary school students described good teachers primarily as competent instructors, focusing on transfer of knowledge and skills, whereas secondary school students emphasised relational aspects of good teachers. Teachers, however, considered good teachers in the first place a matter of establishing personal relationships with their students. Consequently, primary school students and teachers disagreed about the characteristics of good teachers. In secondary education, disagreements between teachers and students were relatively small. CONCLUSIONS The research method of collecting free essays and utilising correspondence analysis to represent conceptual items and groups of participants seems promising as long as a theoretical framework is available to interpret the resulting representation of similarities between items and groups of participants.
R.KpnI, an HNH superfamily REase, exhibits differential discrimination at non-canonical sequences in the presence of Ca2+ and Mg2+

KpnI REase recognizes palindromic sequence, GGTAC↓C, and forms complex in the absence of divalent metal ions, but requires the ions for DNA cleavage. Unlike most other REases, R.KpnI shows promiscuous DNA cleavage in the presence of Mg2+. Surprisingly, Ca2+ suppresses the Mg2+-mediated promiscuous activity and induces high fidelity cleavage. To further analyze these unique features of the enzyme, we have carried out DNA binding and kinetic analysis. The metal ions which exhibit disparate pattern of DNA cleavage have no role in DNA recognition. The enzyme binds to both canonical and non-canonical DNA with comparable affinity irrespective of the metal ions used. Further, Ca2+-imparted exquisite specificity of the enzyme is at the level of DNA cleavage and not at the binding step. With the canonical oligonucleotides, the cleavage rate of the enzyme was comparable for both Mg2+- and Mn2+-mediated reactions and was about three times slower with Ca2+. The enzyme discriminates non-canonical sequences poorly from the canonical sequence in Mg2+-mediated reactions unlike any other Type II REases, accounting for the promiscuous behavior. R.KpnI, thus displays properties akin to that of typical Type II REases and also endonucleases with degenerate specificity in its DNA recognition and cleavage properties.
Syrian Pharmacy Students’ Intentions and Attitudes Toward Postgraduate Education

Objective. To investigate Syrian pharmacy students’ intentions and attitudes toward postgraduate study, and to determine and evaluate the factors that influence their preferences. Methods. A questionnaire was developed and used to collect data from final-year bachelor of pharmacy (BPharm) students at Damascus University. Results. Of the 265 students who responded to the survey, approximately 50% intended to work, 25% intended to pursue further study, and 25% were undecided. Personal fulfillment was the factor that most influenced students’ intentions concerning future education. Men were more concerned over their financial future, while women’s intentions were more influenced by scientific issues. The 3 most preferred pharmaceutical areas of further study were biochemistry and laboratory diagnosis, pharmaceutics and pharmaceutical industry, and clinical pharmacy. More students favored pursuing graduate school abroad rather than in Syria. The majority of those who intended to enroll in local graduate programs were interested in academic programs while less than a fifth favored residency programs. Conclusions. The graduate programs in Syria do not appear to satisfy pharmacy students' ambitions or have the capacity to accommodate the growing demand associated with the rapid increase in the number of pharmacy graduates in the country. Consequently, a majority of students prefer to pursue postgraduate study abroad.
Descriptor choice for UWB antenna arrays

The use of multiple antennas is an attractive option for ultrawideband communication and positioning systems. Despite intensive research interest, the framework for analysing ultrawideband arrays is ambiguous. For OFDM based systems which use many narrowband subcarriers, the preferred choice is the use of the classical array description by means of the array factor. For impulse radio systems, array factors cannot be used and new beam pattern descriptors have been developed. In this paper we explore and quantify the transition between narrowband and ultrawideband systems. We define the upper bandwidth for which it is still acceptable to use the description by the means of classical array factors. This limit enables a rule of thumb decision on the selection of a suitable UWB MIMO strategy
Implementation Intentions and Facilitation of Prospective Memory

Forming detailed implementation intentions for a future behavior can increase the probability that the behavior is actually completed. We investigated whether this intention effect could be used to improve prospective memory in older adults. As expected, participants who formed an implementation intention were more than twice as likely to self-initiate the intended behavior (writing down the day of the week on every sheet of paper received during the experiment) compared with participants who either were merely instructed to do so or actively rehearsed the instruction. Forming an implementation intention, however, did not improve performance on a task that required a response to salient cues. We conclude that detailed implementation intentions facilitate prospective memory on tasks that lack salient cues and require self-initiation.
Immunoblot Analysis of Antibody Binding to Polypeptides of Borrelia burgdorferi in Children with Different Clinical Manifestations of Lyme Disease

ABSTRACT: We analyzed by means of immunoblot technique the patterns of antibodies binding to polypeptides of Borrelia burgdorferi B31 in the sera of 21 children with different stages of Lyme disease. All sera but one recognized the flagellar protein 41 kD and all but two the 83- kD protein. The number of proteins recognized rose from clinical stage I to stage III. The polypeptides of the mol wt 55 and 31 kD were exclusively bound by IgM and the proteins 66, 58, 39, and 36 kD exclusively by IgG. Based on the number of proteins visualized by single sera, IgM was the predominant isotype in stages I and II peaking in stage II, whereas in stage III IgG predominated. Considering the number of proteins recognized and the corresponding antibody isotype, a serologic differentiation between the three stages of the disease is feasible: within stage I and within stage III patients with different clinical signs had distinct antibody patterns. No clearcut pattern could be discriminated in stage II for patients with different settings. Immunoblotting yields a possible distinction between active infection and serological scar by the detection of specific antibody patterns.
The Role Of LMX In Employees Job Motivation, Satisfaction, Empowerment, Stress And Turnover: Cross Country Analysis

We investigated the effect of Leader Member Exchange (LMX) quality relationship on employee motivation, stress, turnover, satisfaction and Psychological Empowerment with a sample of 1500 employees across four countries. As expected, we found that high quality relationship positively associated with the employee motivation, satisfaction, Psychological Empowerment and lowers the employee stress, turnover. The study also sheds lights on relationship between employee motivation and employee turnover and stress.
Multilingualism in the Chinese diaspora worldwide: transnational connections and local social realities

1. Transnational Connections and Multilingual Realities: The Chinese diasporic experience in a global context Li Wei Part I: Emerging Diaspora, Emerging Identities 2. Globalization Off the Beaten Track-Chinese Migration to South Africa's Rural Towns Ana Deumert and Nkululeko Mabandla 3. Polycentric Repertoires: Constructing Dutch-Chinese Youth Identities in the Classroom and Online Jinling Li and Kasper Juffermans 4. Sojourner Tongues: Language Practices among the Chinese of Cairo Wang Jie Part II: Changing Times, Changing Languages 5. The Dungans of Kazakhstan: Old minority in a new nation-state Juldyz Smagulova 6. Chinese-Spanish Contact in Cuba in the 19th Century J. Clancy Clements 7. Shifting identities, shifting practices: The Chinese-speaking communities in Suriname Paul Brendan Tjon Sie Fat 8. Multilingualism and the West Kalimantan Hakka Josh Stenberg 9. Being Chinese Again: Learning Mandarin in post-Suharto Indonesia Charlotte Setijadi Part III: Transnational Communities, Cultural Mediators 10. Multilingualism in the Chinese community in Japan John C. Maher 11. From monolingualism to multilingualism: The linguistic landscape in Kuala Lumpur's Chinatown Wang Xiaomei, Koh Yi Chern, Patricia Nora Riget, and Supramani Shoniah 12. Grandmother's tongue: decline of Teochew language in Singapore Lee Cher Leng 13. Multilingual mediators: The (continuing) role of the Peranakans in the contact dynamics of Singapore Lisa Lim Part IV: Transnational Families, Transcultural Living 14. The transnational journey of an Indonesian Chinese couple in Hong Kong: the story of one family, three places, and multiple languages Katherine Hoi Ying Chen 15. Family Language Policy in the Chinese Community in Singapore: A Question of Balance? Xiao Lan Curdt-Christiansen 16. Language Maintenance in the Chinese Diaspora in Australia Linda Tsung 17. Across Generations and Geographies: Communication in Chinese Heritage Language Speaking Households Agnes Weiyun He
Resveratrol-activated SIRT1 in liver and pancreatic β-cells: a Janus head looking to the same direction of metabolic homeostasis

Sirtuins are energy sensors which mediate effects of calorie restriction-induced lifespan extension. The mammalian sirtuin homolog SIRT1 is a protein deacetylase playing a central role in metabolic homeostasis. SIRT1 is one of the targets of resveratrol, a polyphenol that has been shown to increase lifespan and to protect animal models against high-calorie diet induced obesity and insulin resistance. The beneficial effects of resveratrol mediated by SIRT1 activation can be contributed by different organs. Among them, the liver and pancreatic β-cells have been shown to be responsive to resveratrol in a SIRT1-dependent manner. Downstream of SIRT1, transcription factors being activated are tissue-specific, in turn inducing expression of metabolic genes in an apparent paradoxical way. In this review, we discuss specificities of SIRT1 effects in the liver versus pancreatic β-cells, ultimately converging towards metabolic homeostasis at the organism level.
Electroporating Fields Target Oxidatively Damaged Areas in the Cell Membrane

Reversible electropermeabilization (electroporation) is widely used to facilitate the introduction of genetic material and pharmaceutical agents into living cells. Although considerable knowledge has been gained from the study of real and simulated model membranes in electric fields, efforts to optimize electroporation protocols are limited by a lack of detailed understanding of the molecular basis for the electropermeabilization of the complex biomolecular assembly that forms the plasma membrane. We show here, with results from both molecular dynamics simulations and experiments with living cells, that the oxidation of membrane components enhances the susceptibility of the membrane to electropermeabilization. Manipulation of the level of oxidative stress in cell suspensions and in tissues may lead to more efficient permeabilization procedures in the laboratory and in clinical applications such as electrochemotherapy and electrotransfection-mediated gene therapy.
Evidence-Based Guidelines on the Referral of Visually Impaired Persons to Low Vision Services

Purpose One to two percent of the population in the Western world is visually impaired or blind. For most of these people there is no curative therapy. Therefore, the Dutch Ophthalmic Society has taken the initiative to develop an evidence-based guideline for the referral of visually impaired persons to low vision services. Methods A systematic literature search was performed in the Embase (1991–2001) and Medline (1966–2003) databases. Literature was searched for definitions of visual impairment, for physician-patient communication, and for outcome of interventions for visually impaired persons. Results of the articles that were selected were summarized and rated according to the level of evidence. Other considerations such as the current organization of rehabilitation for visually impaired persons in the Netherlands were also taken into account. Results The World Health Organization criteria were slightly adapted in order to include all people who experience problems with reading and other daily life activities due to visual impairment. A large number of recommendations were devised. Among these is that the complete diagnosis should be communicated to the patient and that a second appointment should be offered in which the diagnosis and potential treatment options are discussed again. Another recommendation is that in general visually impaired adults eligible for referral should be referred for the provision of low vision aids and that patients with complex problems or extensive rehabilitative demand should be referred to a rehabilitation center. Conclusions This article presents a summary of the first European evidence-based guideline for the referral of visually impaired persons.
Effects of DARPP-32 Genetic Variation on Prefrontal Cortex Volume and Episodic Memory Performance

Despite evidence of a fundamental role of DARPP-32 in integrating dopamine and glutamate signaling, studies examining gene coding for DARPP-32 in relation to neural and behavioral correlates in humans are scarce. Post mortem findings suggest genotype specific expressions of DARPP-32 in the dorsal frontal lobes. Therefore, we investigated the effects of genomic variation in DARPP-32 coding on frontal lobe volumes and episodic memory. Volumetric data from the dorsolateral (DLPFC), and visual cortices (VC) were obtained from 61 younger and older adults (♀54%). The major homozygote G, T, or A genotypes in single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs: rs879606; rs907094; rs3764352, the two latter in complete linkage disequilibrium), at the DARPP-32 regulating PPP1R1B gene, influenced frontal gray matter volume and episodic memory (EM). Homozygous carriers of allelic variants with lower DARPP-32 expression had an overall larger prefrontal volume in addition to greater EM recall accuracy after accounting for the influence of age. The SNPs did not influence VC volume. The genetic effects on DLPFC were greater in young adults and selective to this group for EM. Our findings suggest that genomic variation maps onto individual differences in frontal brain volumes and cognitive functions. Larger DLPFC volumes were also related to better EM performance, suggesting that gene-related differences in frontal gray matter may contribute to individual differences in EM. These results need further replication from experimental and longitudinal reports to determine directions of causality.
CD56 Reactivity in Small Cell Carcinoma of the Uterine Cervix

Small cell carcinoma (SCC) of the uterine cervix, like its pulmonary counterpart, is a rare but distinctive neoplasm that should be separated from nonendocrine carcinomas because of its highly aggressive clinical course and response to chemotherapy and irradiation. CD56 (neural cell adhesion molecule) has recently been shown to be the best marker for the diagnosis of pulmonary SCC. In this study, we assessed the sensitivity and specificity of CD56 in the diagnosis of SCC of the uterine cervix compared with those of chromogranin and synaptophysin. Twenty-two (88%) of 25 SCCs of the uterine cervix labeled with CD56 in a predominantly membranous and diffuse pattern, whereas 16 of 25 (64%) stained with synaptophysin in a predominantly diffuse pattern and 8 of 25 (32%) showed predominantly focal immunoreactivity for chromogranin. In contrast, 3 of 21 (14%) moderately to poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinomas and 1 of 16 (6%) moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas showed focal immunoreactivity for CD56. Although not specific, CD56 seems to be the most sensitive marker for the diagnosis of SCC of the uterine cervix. Moreover, its diffuse reactivity reduces the possibility of obtaining negative results in small biopsy samples.
A schema for interprocedural modification side-effect analysis with pointer aliasing

The first interprocedural modification side-effects analysis for C (MOD<subscrpt><italic>C</italic></subscrpt>) that obtains better than worst-case precision on programs with general-purpose pointer usage is presented with empirical results. The analysis consists of an algorithm schema corresponding to a family of MOD<subscrpt><italic>C</italic></subscrpt> algorithms with two independent phases: one for determining pointer-induced aliases and a subsequent one for propagating interprocedural side effects. These MOD<subscrpt><italic>C</italic></subscrpt> algorithms are parameterized by the aliasing method used. The empirical results compare the performance of two dissimilar MOD<subscrpt><italic>C</italic></subscrpt> algorithms: MOD<subscrpt><italic>C</italic></subscrpt>(<italic>FSAlias</italic>) uses a flow-sensitive, calling-context-sensitive interprocedural alias analysis; MOD<subscrpt><italic>C</italic></subscrpt>(<italic>FIAlias</italic> uses a flow-insensitive, calling-context-insensitive alias analysis which is much faster, but less accurate. These two algorithms were profiled on 45 programs ranging in size from 250 to 30,000 lines of C code, and the results demonstrate dramatically the possible cost-precision trade-offs. This <italic>first comparative</italic> implementation of MOD<subscrpt><italic>C</italic></subscrpt> analyses offers insight into the differences between <italic>flow-/context-sensitive</italic> and <italic>flow-/context-insensitive</italic> analyses. The analysis cost versus precision trade-offs in side-effect information obtained are reported. The results show surprisingly that the precision of flow-sensitive side-effect analysis is not always prohibitive in cost, and that the precision of flow-insensitive analysis is substantially better than worst-case estimates and seems sufficient for certain applications. On average MOD<subscrpt><italic>C</italic></subscrpt>(<italic>FSAlias</italic>) for procedures and calls is in the range of 20% more precise than MOD<subscrpt><italic>C</italic></subscrpt>(<italic>FIAlias</italic>); however, the performance was found to be at least an order of magnitude slower than MOD<subscrpt><italic>C</italic></subscrpt>(<italic>FIAlias</italic>).
Structural and Metabolic Correlates of Episodic Memory in Relation to the Depth of Encoding in Normal Aging

This study set out to establish the relationship between changes in episodic memory retrieval in normal aging on the one hand and gray matter volume and 18FDG uptake on the other. Structural MRI, resting-state 18FDG-PET, and an episodic memory task manipulating the depth of encoding and the retention interval were administered to 46 healthy subjects divided into three groups according to their age (young, middle-aged, and elderly adults). Memory decline was found not to be linear in the course of normal aging: Whatever the retention interval, the retrieval of shallowly encoded words was impaired in both the middle-aged and the elderly, whereas the retrieval of deeply encoded words only declined in the elderly. In middle-aged and elderly subjects, the reduced performance in the shallow encoding condition was mainly related to posterior mediotemporal volume and metabolism. By contrast, the impaired retrieval of deeply encoded words in the elderly group was mainly related to frontal and parietal regions, suggesting the adoption of inefficient strategic processes.
Corn Yield and Nitrate Loss in Subsurface Drainage from Midseason Nitrogen Fertilizer Application

Whether in response to remotely sensed plant N status or as a rescue treatment when previously applied N has been lost to denitrification or leaching, there is growing interest in applying N to corn at midseason. While the yield benefits of this practice are variable, little information is available as to the impacts of midseason N application on water quality. We compared grain yields and NO3 losses in drainage water as a result of applying N either once after emergence or equally split between just after emergence and midseason (V16). Nitrogen treatments consisted of 199 (H), 138 (M), and 69 (L) kg ha 21 applied postemergence (V1–V3), and 69 kg ha 21 applied postemergence and again at midseason (R). Grain yield for corn (Zea mays L.) and soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr. ], grown in a 2-yr rotation, and drainage water NO3 concentrations were measured on replicated tile-drained plots in a producer’s field from 2002 through 2005. Midseason application of additional N resulted in 0.9 and 2.5 Mg ha 21 greater yield than the L treatment in 2002 and 2004, respectively; however, yield was greater when the same total amount of N was applied in one application shortly after emergence (M treatment) vs. the split treatment. There was no carryover effect on subsequent soybean yields for any of the N treatments. Annual flow-weighted NO3 concentrations in tile drainage were consistently greater (0.3–1.3 mg L 21 )f or the R treatment than the M treatment and significantly greater when averaged across all years. Residual soil NO3 at the end of the year also indicated that some of the midseason N application was not taken up by the crop and was available for leaching. Thus, midseason N application was beneficial for recovering some of the potential yield in corn when initial N applications are insufficient for optimum yield, but the practice did not benefit water quality in this study compared with a single application at emergence.
Explicitly Pressing Send: Impact of Sexting on Relationship Satisfaction

ABSTRACT Given that few researchers have addressed sexting among adult samples, we sought to evaluate the prevalence of adults who sext, their sexting behaviors, and how it impacted relationship satisfaction. Analyses on the sample (N = 1171) revealed that heterosexual women are negatively impacted if they do not reciprocate a sext message; yet nonheterosexual women, and men in general, are not negatively impacted. This finding can be best understood within the framework of relational cultural theory (RCT). Implications for future research and for the practice of mental health providers are discussed.