Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology in the Diagnosis of Swellings in the Salivary Gland Regions: A Study of 712 Cases

Introduction: A mass in the salivary gland region often presents a diagnostic challenge with regard to its site of origin (salivary versus nonsalivary), benign or malignant nature, and tissue-specific diagnosis. The present study describes the utility of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology in the diagnosis of these lesions. Subjects and Methods: Over a 6-year period (January 1994 to December 1999), 712 patients aged between 6 months and 91 years (median, 37 years) were subjected to FNA of swellings in their salivary gland regions. Male:female ratio was 1.28:1. The swellings were mostly located in the parotid (323 cases), submandibular (343 cases), and upper cervical region (27 cases). Swellings of oral (5 cases) and sublingual (2 cases) sites were rare. The lesions diagnosed by FNA cytology were compared among the major salivary glands. Cytologic diagnoses were correlated with histology in 45 cases. Results: Benign nonneoplastic lesions were the most common (73%), followed by neoplasms (20%), and those with atypical cytology (1%). Cytologic material was inadequate in 6% cases. Parotid gland region was involved more frequently by neoplasms (27.1%) than the submandibular gland region (13.7%, p < 0.0001). Inflammatory processes affected the submandibular gland region more commonly (42.0%) than the parotid (32.6%, p = 0.0164). Pleomorphic adenoma was the most common neoplasm (61.5%), followed by Warthin’s tumor (12.6%). Malignancies accounted for 10.5% of neoplasms. Frequency of involvement of parotid by Warthin’s tumor (16.7%) was significantly higher than that of submandibular gland (2.3%, p = 0.0191). However, the submandibular gland was more commonly affected by malignancy than the parotid gland (p = 0.0003). Sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy of FNA cytology for all neoplastic lesions of the salivary gland were 94.6, 75.0, and 91.1%, respectively. The corresponding figures for malignancies were 60.0, 95.0, and 91.1%, respectively. Conclusion: FNA cytology is very useful for the diagnosis of salivary gland lesions. However, sampling and interpretation errors may occur. The low specificity for the diagnosis of neoplasms as a whole and the poor sensitivity for malignancies found in our study can be attributed to the relatively small number of benign nonneoplastic and malignancy cases with available histopathologic diagnoses.
Ability of near infrared spectroscopy to monitor air-dry density distribution and variation of wood

Process control of wood density with near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) would be useful for pulp mills that need to maximize pulp yield without compromising paper strength properties. If models developed from the absorbance at wavelengths in the NIR region could provide density histograms, fiber supply personnel could monitor chip density variation as the chips enter the mill. The objectives of this research were to a) develop density histograms from actual density versus density histograms developed through NIR modeling, and b) determine the precision of density models developed from absorbance in the NIR region with a recommendation for the sample size needed to estimate the standard deviation of density at a given precision. Models for density were developed from calibration samples (n = 170) and then validated with 93 randomly held aside samples. The samples were systematically removed from 10 longleaf pine trees of equal age, but different growth rates. The histogram patterns for actual density almost paralleled the histogram patterns developed from predictive models. Subsequently, the validation data set was randomly categorized into groups of three, and the standard deviations of density were measured. For three measurements per data point, the predicted standard deviation covaried with the actual standard deviation of density with an R 2 = 0.61 and 0.55 for the calibration and validation data set, respectively. A sample size of 30 was recommended to estimate the standard deviation of density with a precision of 0.01 g/cm 3 .
Interactive Technology and Smart Education Predicting college students ' acceptance of podcasting as a learning tool

Purpose – Podcasting is one of today’s most prominent trends in media and computing, but until now, factors predicting its adoption in higher education settings remain largely unexplored. The purpose of this paper is to examine students’ perceptions of enhanced podcasting as a review and exam preparatory tool, through the use of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Design/methodology/approach – The responses from a structured, self-administered questionnaire were used to develop an understanding of the role of perceived ease of use, usefulness and enjoyment on behavioral intention to use enhanced (audiovisual) podcasts. Findings – The statistical analysis indicated that perceived ease of use and perceived enjoyment were positively related to intention to use video podcasts, whereas perceived usefulness was not emerged as a strong prognostic indicator of user acceptance. Results also revealed that perceived ease of use is a strong predictor of perceived usefulness, supporting thus the view that perceived ease of use and perceived enjoyment are the two main drivers in regard to willingness to adopt podcasting as a learning tool. Originality/value – Although previous research has found positive attitudes towards educational podcasting, most studies were focused on measuring student acceptance without using an established theoretical framework. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the drivers of student acceptance of educational podcasting, by integrating key variables from TAM found in literature concerning technology acceptance in higher education.
Explicit compactifications of moduli spaces of Campedelli and Burniat surfaces

We describe the compactifications obtained by adding slc surfaces X with ample K_X, for two connected components in the moduli space of surfaces of general type: Campedelli surfaces with \pi_1(X)=\bZ_2^3, and Burniat surfaces with K_X^2=6.
iDermatoPath – a novel software tool for mitosis detection in H&E‐stained tissue sections of malignant melanoma

Malignant Melanoma (MM) is characterized by a growing incidence and a high malignant potential. Besides well‐defined prognostic factors such as tumour thickness and ulceration, the Mitotic Rate (MR) was included in the AJCC recommendations for diagnosis and treatment of MM. In daily routine, the identification of a single mitosis can be difficult on haematoxylin and eosin slides alone. Several studies showed a big inter‐ and intra‐individual variability in detecting the MR in MM even by very experienced investigators, thus raising the question for a computer‐assisted method.
Remote compositional analysis of lunar olivine‐rich lithologies with Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) spectra

[1] A systematic approach for deconvolving remotely sensed lunar olivine-rich visible to near-infrared (VNIR) reflectance spectra with the Modified Gaussian Model (MGM) is evaluated with Chandrayaan-1 Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) spectra. Whereas earlier studies of laboratory reflectance spectra focused only on complications due to chromite inclusions in lunar olivines, we develop a systematic approach for addressing (through continuum removal) the prominent continuum slopes common to remotely sensed reflectance spectra of planetary surfaces. We have validated our continuum removal on a suite of laboratory reflectance spectra. Suites of olivine-dominated reflectance spectra from a small crater near Mare Moscoviense, the Copernicus central peak, Aristarchus, and the crater Marius in the Marius Hills were analyzed. Spectral diversity was detected in visual evaluation of the spectra and was quantified using the MGM. The MGM-derived band positions are used to estimate the olivine's composition in a relative sense. Spectra of olivines from Moscoviense exhibit diversity in their absorption features, and this diversity suggests some variation in olivine Fe/Mg content. Olivines from Copernicus are observed to be spectrally homogeneous and thus are predicted to be more compositionally homogeneous than those at Moscoviense but are of broadly similar composition to the Moscoviense olivines. Olivines from Aristarchus and Marius exhibit clear spectral differences from those at Moscoviense and Copernicus but also exhibit features that suggest contributions from other phases. If the various precautions discussed here are weighed carefully, the methods presented here can be used to make general predictions of absolute olivine composition (Fe/Mg content).
Drying Behavior of Oil Sand Mature Fine Tailings Pre-dewatered with Superabsorbent Polymer

In this paper, the hydro-mechanical behavior and physical properties of the mature fine tailings (MFTs) under atmospheric drying were investigated by column study. Evaporation resulted in the development of suction in the upper parts of the column and increasing suction led to higher strength. After 5 days, suction in the first lift developed to around 17 kPa at the upper part of the column. By adding the second load, the former lift initially lost strength but over a 30 days period, recovered to prior values and suction in the later lift reached 500 kPa. Vane shear strength values show a high increase in strength of mature fine tailings after 30 days under atmospheric drying and drainage. The 90 percent strength of the column exceeded the threshold (5 kPa). The hydraulicmechanical properties of the deposit are closely coupled due to several mechanisms, such as evaporation, drainage, self-consolidation, suction and crack development. The findings of this study will provide a better understanding of the placement behavior of multiple lifts of MFTs and thus contribute to reclamation design standards and reduce the use of dedicated disposal areas.
Axisymmetric simulations of magneto-rotational core collapse : dynamics and gravitational wave signal

Aims. We have performed a comprehensive parameter study of the collapse of rotating, strongly magnetized stellar cores in axisymmetry to determine their gravitational wave signature based on the Einstein quadrupole formula. Methods. We use a Newtonian explicit magnetohydrodynamic Eulerian code based on the relaxing-TVD method for the solution of the ideal MHD equations, and apply the constraint-transport method to guarantee a divergence-free evolution of the magnetic field. We neglect effects due to neutrino transport and employ a simplified equation of state. The initial models are polytropes in rotational equilibrium with a prescribed degree of differential rotation and rotational energy. The initial magnetic fields are purely poloidal the field strength ranging from $10^{10}~{\rm G}$ to $10^{13}~{\rm G}$. The evolution of the core is followed until a few ten milliseconds past core bounce. Results. The initial magnetic fields are amplified mainly by the differential rotation of the core giving rise to a strong toroidal field component with an energy comparable to the rotational energy. The poloidal field component grows by compression during collapse, but does not change significantly after core bounce. In large parts of the simulated cores the growth time of the magneto-rotational instability (MRI) is of the order of a few milliseconds. The saturation field strengths that can be reached both via a pure Ω dynamo or the MRI are of the order of $10^{15}~{\rm G}$ at the surface of the core. Sheet-like circulation flows which produce a strong poloidal field component transporting angular momentum outwards develop due to MRI, provided the initial field is not too weak. Weak initial magnetic fields ($\la$$10^{11}~{\rm G}$) have no significant effect on the dynamics of the core and the gravitational wave signal. Strong initial fields ($\ga$$10^{12}~{\rm G}$) cause considerable angular momentum transport whereby rotational energy is extracted from the collapsed core which loses centrifugal support and enters a phase of secular contraction. The gravitational wave amplitude at bounce changes by up to a few ten percent compared to the corresponding non-magnetic model. If the angular momentum losses are large, the post-bounce model. If the angular momentum losses are large the post-bounce equilibrium state of the core changes from a centrifugally to a pressure supported one. This transition imprints in the gravitational wave signal a reduction of the amplitude of the large-scale oscillations characteristic of cores bouncing due to centrifugal forces. In some models the quasi-periodic large-scale oscillations are replaced by higher frequency irregular oscillations. This pattern defines a new signal type which we call a type IV gravitational wave signal. Collimated bipolar outflows give rise to a unique feature that may allow their detection by means of gravitational wave astronomy: a large positive quadrupole wave amplitude of similar size as that of the bounce signal.
MYC‐associated and double‐hit lymphomas: A review of pathobiology, prognosis, and therapeutic approaches

Aberrant expression of the v‐myc avian myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (MYC) proto‐oncogene has known transformative potential in healthy human cells. Chromosomal MYC rearrangements and consequent MYC overexpression is the defining lesion in Burkitt lymphoma (BL), conferring a highly proliferative state. However, abnormalities of MYC are increasingly appreciated in non‐BL histologies, including diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and B‐cell lymphomas intermediate between BL and DLBCL, with a particularly aggressive clinical phenotype. Although there are conflicting data regarding prognostic implications of isolated MYC aberrancy in these non‐BLs, the co‐occurrence of MYC rearrangements and either the antiapoptotic gene B‐cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia/lymphoma 2 (BCL2) or the transcriptional repressor BCL6 leads to an entity termed double‐hit B‐cell lymphoma (DHL) (or triple‐hit if all 3 abnormalities are observed) with a particularly poor prognosis and no established treatment paradigms. Notably, a distinct pattern of gene expression profiling has been noted when MYC is overexpressed in BL compared with other lymphomas, supporting the notion that, although MYC promotes target gene transcription, the target genes vary by disease subtype. The frequency of MYC activity depends on the method of detection and ranges from 5% to 10% using fluorescence in situ hybridization but up to 30% of DLBCL using immunohistochemistry. Standard therapies developed for DLBCL are less effective when the disease is driven by MYC, leading to lower response rates and response durations. An important clinical challenge is to pre‐emptively identify MYC‐associated lymphomas and to subsequently develop trials specifically for this group of patients. However, the design of such studies is complicated by variable definitions of MYC‐associated lymphoid malignancies and the lack of effective therapies to date. The objective if the current review was to evaluate the implications of MYC aberrancy with respect to the B‐cell lymphoma double‐hit and triple‐hit phenotypes and to consider the available data for clinical and practical management. Cancer 2014;120:3884–3895. © 2014 American Cancer Society.
An Efficient Downlink Radio Resource Allocation with Carrier Aggregation in LTE-Advanced Networks

In long term evolution-advanced (LTE-A) networks, the carrier aggregation technique is incorporated for user equipments (UEs) to simultaneously aggregate multiple component carriers (CCs) for achieving higher transmission rate. Many research works for LTE-A systems with carrier aggregation configuration have concentrated on the radio resource management problem for downlink transmission, including mainly CC assignment and packet scheduling. Most previous studies have not considered that the assigned CCs in each UE can be changed. Furthermore, they also have not considered the modulation and coding scheme constraint, as specified in LTE-A standards. Therefore, their proposed schemes may limit the radio resource usage and are not compatible with LTE-A systems. In this paper, we assume that the scheduler can reassign CCs to each UE at each transmission time interval and formulate the downlink radio resource scheduling problem under the modulation and coding scheme constraint, which is proved to be NP-hard. Then, a novel greedy-based scheme is proposed to maximize the system throughput while maintaining proportional fairness of radio resource allocation among all UEs. We show that this scheme can guarantee at least half of the performance of the optimal solution. Simulation results show that our proposed scheme outperforms the schemes in previous studies.
Changing trends of chronic myeloid leukemia in greater Mumbai, India over a period of 30 years

Abstract Background: Little is known about burden of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in India. There is a recent interest to observe incidence and mortality because of advent of new diagnostic and treatment policies for CML. Materials and Methods: We extracted data from the oldest population-based cancer registry of Mumbai for 30 years period from 1976−2005 to observe incidence and mortality rates of CML. We classified the data into four age groups 0−14, 15−29, 30−54 and 55−74 to observe incidence rates in the respective age groups. Results: The age specific rates were highest for the age group of 55−74 years. No significant change in trends of CML was observed for 30 years period. However, there was a significant reduction in incidence rate for recent 15-years period (Estimated average annual percentage change=-3.9). No significant reduction in mortality rate was observed till 2005. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that age-specific rates for CML are highest in age group of 55-74 years, although they are lower compared to western populations. Significant reduction in incidence of CML in recent periods might be because of reduced misclassification of leukemias. The data of CML has to be observed for another decade to witness reduction in mortality because of changes in treatment management.
A retrieval theory of priming in memory.

and the familiarity of this compound cue is determined by the strengths of connections between the cue and items in memory. The familiarity of the compound cue is assessed by direct access or by parallel comparisons to all items in memory (depending on the way the theory is implemented), and it is assumed that the greater the familiarity, the faster the response time (specific models for latency assumptions are described below). In this article, the retrieval theory is applied to priming phenomena and is shown to be capable of explaining the same empirical findings as spreading activation theories. Two new experiments are also presented in which data are successfully predicted by the retrieval model but that require modification of current models of spreading activation. In the latter part of this article, implementation of the compound cue mechanism for priming within several different models is evaluated.
Fairplay - Secure Two-Party Computation System

Advances in modern cryptography coupled with rapid growth in processing and communication speeds make secure two-party computation a realistic paradigm. Yet, thus far, interest in this paradigm has remained mostly theoretical. This paper introduces Fairplay [28], a full-fledged system that implements generic secure function evaluation (SFE). Fairplay comprises a high level procedural definition language called SFDL tailored to the SFE paradigm; a compiler of SFDL into a one-pass Boolean circuit presented in a language called SHDL; and Bob/Alice programs that evaluate the SHDL circuit in the manner suggested by Yao in [39]. This system enables us to present the first evaluation of an overall SFE in real settings, as well as examining its components and identifying potential bottlenecks. It provides a test-bed of ideas and enhancements concerning SFE, whether by replacing parts of it, or by integrating with it. We exemplify its utility by examining several alternative implementations of oblivious transfer within the system, and reporting on their effect on overall performance.
Is the migrainous female brain different? Some new evidence.

Migraine is a very widespread and debilitating disease and, according to the World Health Organization, one of the most common disorders of the nervous system. It is twice as common in females as in males (Le et al ., 2011), and much more prevalent in females over the age of 12 years (Lipton et al ., 2001). In fact, the picture of migraine differs by sex before and after puberty. Under the age of 12 years, boys have a slightly higher incidence of migraine. Thereafter, prevalence increases for both sexes, peaking between ages 35 and 45 years, with an increase in the female-to-male ratio from 2:1 at the age of 20 years to 3.3:1 at the age of 40 years (Lipton et al ., 2001). This higher prevalence in females than males is common in many other chronic pain conditions, although the mechanisms underlying this difference are still poorly understood. Indeed, current knowledge of migraine pathogenesis is based primarily on experimental studies conducted in male animals, and lack of migraine research in female animals limits the clinical relevance given the sex bias in humans. The disproportionate number of females of reproductive age with migraine suggests that hormonal factors may play a role, but the complex pathophysiology indicates that additional factors are likely to be involved. It is now well recognized that: (i) at puberty females begin to demonstrate an increase in migraine prevalence compared to males; (ii) >55% of females have menstrual-related migraine; and (iii) the majority of females show improvement in migraine frequency and/or severity with pregnancy and at the menopause. More recently, migraine research has begun to help expand our understanding of the mechanisms underlying these differences, and how they can impact on treatment choices. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain these differences in migraine and other …
Polymer-Derived Boron Nitride: A Review on the Chemistry, Shaping and Ceramic Conversion of Borazine Derivatives

Boron nitride (BN) is a III-V compound which is the focus of important research since its discovery in the early 19th century. BN is electronic to carbon and thus, in the same way that carbon exists as graphite, BN exists in the hexagonal phase. The latter offers an unusual combination of properties that cannot be found in any other ceramics. However, these properties closely depend on the synthesis processes. This review states the recent developments in the preparation of BN through the chemistry, shaping and ceramic conversion of borazine derivatives. This concept denoted as Polymer-Derived Ceramics (PDCs) route allows tailoring the chemistry of precursors to elaborate complex BN shapes which cannot be obtained by conventional process. The effect of the chemistry of the molecular precursors, i.e., borazine and trichloroborazine, and their polymeric derivatives i.e., polyborazylene and poly[tri(methylamino)borazine], in which the specific functional groups and structural motifs determine the shaping potential by conventional liquid-phase process and plastic-forming techniques is discussed. Nanotubes, nano-fibers, coatings, monoliths and fiber-reinforced matrix composites are especially described. This leads to materials which are of significant engineering interest.
CLINICAL ISSUES

This investigative study summarizes the five most prevalent healthcare models and seven instruments to help the reader determine which model is the most effective in measuring health-related ideas and behaviors in subjects of varying populations. Their significance to the science and art of health promotion and analytical techniques are also reviewed. The purpose of the study is to consider varying arguments and apply them to abstractions of health promotion activities that readers may be contemplating.