Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Opinion Spam Detection in Web Forum: A Real Case Study

Opinion spamming refers to the illegal marketing practice which involves delivering commercially advantageous opinions as regular users. In this paper, we conduct a real case study based on a set of internal records of opinion spams leaked from a shady marketing campaign. We explore the characteristics of opinion spams and spammers in a web forum to obtain some insights, including subtlety property of opinion spams, spam post ratio, spammer accounts, first post and replies, submission time of posts, activeness of threads, and collusion among spammers. Then we present features that could be potentially helpful in detecting spam opinions in threads. The results of spam detection on first posts show: (1) spam first posts put more focus on certain topics such as the user experiences' on the promoted items, (2) spam first posts generally use more words and pictures to showcase the promoted items in an attempt to impress people, (3) spam first posts tend to be submitted during work time, and (4) the threads that spam first posts initiate are more active to be placed at striking positions. The spam detection on replies is more challenging. Besides lower spam ratio and less content, replies even do not mention the promoted items. Their major intention is to keep the discussion in a thread alive to attract more attention on it. Submission time of replies, thread activeness, position of replies, and spamicity of first post are more useful than content-based features in spam detection on replies.
Failure of the polyethylene bearing surface of a total knee replacement within four years. A case report.

On rapporte le cas d'un malade chez lequel une fracture de la piece tibiale est survenue moins de 4 ans apres l'implantation de la prothese. Les radiographies de l'autre genou du malade revelaient une defaillance imminente aussi provoquee par l'usure d'un implant comparable implante une semaine plus tard
Investigating long‐term vehicle speed prediction based on BP‐LSTM algorithms

Vehicle speed prediction is quite essential for many intelligent vehicular and transportation applications. Accurate on-road vehicle speed prediction is challenging because individual vehicle speed is affected by many factors related to driver-vehicle-road-traffic system, e.g. the traffic conditions, vehicle type, and driver's behavior, in either a deterministic or stochastic way. Also machine learning makes vehicle speed predictions more accessible by exploring the potential relationship between the vehicle speed and its main factors based on the historical driving data in the context of vehicular networks. This study proposes a novel data-driven vehicle speed prediction method based on back propagation-long short-term memory (BP-LSTM) algorithms for long-term individual vehicle speed prediction along the planned route. Also Pearson correlation coefficient is adopted to analyse the correlation of driver-vehicle-road-traffic historical characteristic parameters for the enhancement of the model's computing efficiency. Finally, a real natural driving data in Nanjing is used to evaluate the prediction performance with a result that the proposed vehicle speed prediction method outperforms other ones in terms of prediction accuracy. Moreover, based on the predicted vehicle speed, this work studies and analyses its effectiveness in two scenarios of energy consumption prediction and travel time prediction.
Reliability and failure modes of anterior single-unit implant-supported restorations.

PURPOSE Failures of implant-abutment connections have been observed clinically, especially in single-tooth replacements. This study sought to evaluate the reliability and failure modes of implant-supported anterior crowns restored with different implant systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-two Ti-6Al-4V dental implants (~4 mm diameter) were used for single anterior crown replacement and divided into two groups according to tested system: (NB) Replace Select system, Nobel Biocare (n = 21); and (IL) Internal connection system, Intra-Lock International (n = 21). Proprietary abutments were screwed to the implants and anatomically correct maxillary central incisor metal crowns were cemented and subjected to step-stress-accelerated life testing in water. Use-level probability Weibull curves and reliability for a mission of 50,000 cycles at 200 N (95% 2-sided confidence intervals) were calculated. Polarized-light and scanning electron microscopes were used for failure analyses. RESULTS The Beta values for NB and IL (2.09 and 2.05, respectively) indicated that fatigue accelerated the failure of both groups. The calculated reliability for the NB system (0.81) was lower than for the IL system (0.96), but no significant difference was observed between groups. Screw and abutment fracture was the chief failure mode in group NB, while screw fracture was most representative in specimens of group IL. CONCLUSIONS Reliability of implant-supported maxillary central incisor crowns was not significantly different between NB and IL abutments. Failure modes differed between implant systems.
Testing the evolutionary link between submillimetre galaxies and quasars: CO observations of QSOs at z∼ 2

We have used the IRAM Plateau de Bure millimeter interferometer and the UKIRT 1– 5µm Imager Spectrometer (UIST) to test the connection between the major phases of spheroid growth and nuclear accretion by mapping CO emission in nine submillimetredetected QSOs at z = 1.7–2.6 with black hole (BH) masses derived from near-infrared spectroscopy. When combined with one QSO obtained from the literature, we present sensitive CO(3–2) or CO(2–1) observations of 10 submillimetre-detected QSOs selected at the epoch of peak activity in both QSOs and submillimetre (submm) galaxies (SMGs). CO is detected in 5/6 very optically luminous (MB ∼ −28) submm-detected QSOs with BH masses MBH ≃ 10 9 –10 10 M⊙, confirming the presence of large gas reservoirs of Mgas ≃ 3.4 × 10 10 M⊙. Our BH masses and dynamical mass constraints on the host spheroids suggest, at face value, that these optically luminous QSOs at z = 2 lie about an order of magnitude above the local BH-spheroid relation, MBH/Msph, although this result is dependent on the size and inclination of the CO-emitting region. However, we find that their BH masses are ∼ 30 times too large and their surface density is ∼ 300 times too small to be related to typical SMGs in an evolutionary sequence. Conversely, we measure weaker CO emission in four fainter (MB ∼ −25) submm-detected QSOs with properties, BH masses (MBH ≃ 5 ×10 8 M⊙), and surface densities similar to SMGs. These QSOs appear to lie near the local MBH/Msph relation, making them plausible ‘transition objects’ in the proposed evolutionary sequence linking QSOs to the formation of massive young galaxies and BHs at high-redshift. We show that SMGs have a higher incidence of bimodal CO line profiles than seen in our QSO sample, which we interpret as an effect of their relative inclinations, with the QSOs seen more face-on. Finally, we find that the gas masses of the four fainter submm-detected QSOs imply that their star formation episodes could be sustained for ∼ 10Myr, and are consistent with representing a phase in the formation of massive galaxies which overlaps a preceding SMG starburst phase, before subsequently evolving into a population of present-day massive ellipticals.
The Dialysis Procedure Triggers Autonomic Imbalance and Cardiac Arrhythmias: Insights from Continuous 14-day ECG Monitoring

Background In end-stage kidney disease the dialytic cycle relates to the rate of sudden cardiac death. We hypothesized that circadian, dialytic cycles, paroxysmal arrhythmias, and cardiovascular risk factors are associated with periodic changes in heart rate and heart rate variability (HRV) in incident dialysis patients. Methods We conducted a prospective ancillary study of the Predictors of Arrhythmic and Cardiovascular Risk in End Stage Renal Disease cohort (n=28; age 54±13 y; 57% men; 96% black; 33% with a history of structural heart disease; left ventricular ejection fraction 70±9%). Continuous ECG monitoring was performed using an ECG patch (Zio Patch, iRhythm) and short-term HRV was measured for three minutes every hour. HRV was measured by root mean square of the successive normal-to-normal intervals (rMSSD), high and low frequency power, Poincaré plot, and sample and Renyi entropy. Results Arrhythmias were detected in 46% (n=13). Non-sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT) was more frequent during dialysis or within 6 hours post-dialysis, as compared to pre-or between-dialysis (63% vs. 37%, P=0.015), whereas supraventricular tachycardia was more frequent pre-/ between-dialysis, as compared to during-/ post-dialysis (84% vs. 16%, P=0.015). In adjusted for cardiovascular disease and its risk factors autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity panel (ARCH) model, VT events were associated with increased heart rate by 11.2 (95%CI 10.1-12.3) bpm (P<0.0001). During regular dialytic cycle, rMSSD demonstrated significant circadian pattern (Mesor 10.6(0.9-11.2) ms; Amplitude 1.5(1.0-3.1) ms; Peak at 02:01(20:22-03:16) am; P<0.0001), which was abolished on a second day interdialytic extension (adjusted ARCH trend for rMSSD −1.41(−1.67 to −1.15) ms per 24h; P<0.0001). Conclusion Cardiac arrhythmias associate with dialytic phase. Regular dialytic schedule preserves physiological circadian rhythm, but the second day without dialysis is characterized by parasympathetic withdrawal and a steady increase in sympathetic predominance. Subject Terms Arrhythmias, Autonomic Nervous System, Electrocardiology (ECG), Treatment.
Human-like walking with toe supporting for humanoids

A model of a walking pattern imitating human motion is presented. An accurate imitation of human motion and a robust bipedal walking motion are, however, hardly realized together. We therefore focus on only three characteristics of human walking motion: single toe support, knee stretching, and swing leg motion. Based on a conventional pattern generator, single toe support is added, waist height is changed in order to stretch the knees as much as possible, and swing leg motion is generated approximating the human's motion. The generated motion is then filtered to provide a feasible pattern. In addition, the stabilizer is improved in order to keep the Zero Moment Point (ZMP) within the tiny support polygon during the single support phase with toe link. Finally, we successfully demonstrate the generated walking pattern with the robot HRP-4C.
Effective Advocacy in Rural Domains

Past scholarship has explored the ecological model as it pertains to intimate partner violence from the victim’s perspective. Missing from this literature is the application of the ecological model to victim advocates, specifically rural victim advocates. This article explores the microsystem and exosystem levels of the ecological model to understand victim advocates’ relationships with their clients and criminal justice personnel. To investigate these relationships, we used a sample of rural advocates located within the Mississippi Delta Region. The findings from the interviews and focus group indicate that the density of rural relationships both help facilitate and create barriers to effective victim advocacy. Social capital specific to the rural domain is being generated by the advocates to benefit themselves and their clients.
Cost-Effectiveness of Rituximab in Treatment of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma

Rituximab (Rituxan), when combined with CHOP (cyclophosphamide [Cytoxan, Neosar], doxorubicin HCl, vincristine [Oncovin], prednisone) chemotherapy (R-CHOP) in the treatment of patients with CD20-positive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLCL), significantly prolongs event-free and overall survival (GELA [Groupe d’Etude des Lymphomes de l’Adulte] LNH 98-5 study). Our objective was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of R-CHOP based on the evidence currently available.
Social Environment and Problem Behavior

In 2007, 48% of U.S. students of grades 9 to 12 had experienced sexual debut, 7% before the age of 13 years. Preventing early intercourse, sexually transmitted diseases, adolescent pregnancy, and the loss of educational opportunity are important concerns for nurses and educators. A secondary data analysis of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) 2003 provided data identifying the relationships among age at sexual debut, gender, location of residence, and perceived school safety (PSS) as framed by the theory of problem behavior. Mean age at sexual debut was 14.4 years. Males were younger at sexual debut than females. Students reporting positive PSS were older at sexual debut. Age at sexual debut was significantly associated with PSS, gender, and location of residence. School nurses are positioned to identify evidence-based programs, facilitate the development of collaborative interventions to improve PSS, and change trajectories of sexual activity leading to poor health outcomes in adolescents and health risk behaviors in adults.
A Role for the Host DNA Damage Response in Hepatitis B Virus cccDNA Formation—and Beyond?

Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection puts more than 250 million people at a greatly increased risk to develop end-stage liver disease. Like all hepadnaviruses, HBV replicates via protein-primed reverse transcription of a pregenomic (pg) RNA, yielding an unusually structured, viral polymerase-linked relaxed-circular (RC) DNA as genome in infectious particles. Upon infection, RC-DNA is converted into nuclear covalently closed circular (ccc) DNA. Associating with cellular proteins into an episomal minichromosome, cccDNA acts as template for new viral RNAs, ensuring formation of progeny virions. Hence, cccDNA represents the viral persistence reservoir that is not directly targeted by current anti-HBV therapeutics. Eliminating cccDNA will thus be at the heart of a cure for chronic hepatitis B. The low production of HBV cccDNA in most experimental models and the associated problems in reliable cccDNA quantitation have long hampered a deeper understanding of cccDNA molecular biology. Recent advancements including cccDNA-dependent cell culture systems have begun to identify select host DNA repair enzymes that HBV usurps for RC-DNA to cccDNA conversion. While this list is bound to grow, it may represent just one facet of a broader interaction with the cellular DNA damage response (DDR), a network of pathways that sense and repair aberrant DNA structures and in the process profoundly affect the cell cycle, up to inducing cell death if repair fails. Given the divergent interactions between other viruses and the DDR it will be intriguing to see how HBV copes with this multipronged host system.
Drug Discovery and Regulatory Considerations for Improving In Silico and In Vitro Predictions that Use Caco-2 as a Surrogate for Human Intestinal Permeability Measurements

ABSTRACTThere is a growing need for highly accurate in silico and in vitro predictive models to facilitate drug discovery and development. Results from in vitro permeation studies across the Caco-2 cell monolayer are commonly used for drug permeability screening in industry and are also accepted as a surrogate for human intestinal permeability measurements by the US FDA to support new drug applications. Countless studies carried out in this cell line with published permeability measurements have enabled the development of many in silico prediction models. We identify several common cases that illustrate how using Caco-2 permeability measurements in these in silico and in vitro predictive models will not correlate with human intestinal permeability and will further lead to inaccuracies in these models. We provide guidelines and recommendations for improving these models to more accurately predict clinically relevant information, thereby enhancing the drug discovery, development, and regulatory approval processes.
Connections of the olfactory bulb in the gymnotiform fish, Apteronotus leptorhynchus

This work examines the connectivity of the olfactory bulb in the gymnotiform fish Apteronotus leptorhynchus. Wheat germ agglutinin conjugated horseradish peroxidase was iontophoresed in different areas and depths of the bulb in order to define its efferent and afferent connections. The olfactory bulb projects bilaterally via the medial (medial and centromedial fascicles) and lateral olfactory (lateral and centrolateral fascicles) tracts. The nervus terminalis courses through the ventromedial aspect of the bulb to terminate in parts of the medial subpallium and hypothalamus. Its telencephalic component could be identified by a nonpreadsorbable substance P‐like immunoreactivity. Fibers within the medial olfactory tract form four telencephalic terminal fields: peduncular, medial, intermediate and posterior fields. The diencephalic terminal fields in the habenula, preoptic, and hypothalamic areas appear to correspond to some of the nervus terminalis fibers (von Bartheld and Meyer [1986] Cell Tissue Res. 245: 143‐158, Krishna et al. [1992] Gen. Comp. Endocrinol. 85:111‐117), and to axons of telencephalic bulbopetal cells of area dorsalis posterior. The terminal fields of the medial olfactory tract and nervus terminalis partially overlap in the ventral telencephalic areas partes ventralis, supracommissuralis, and rostral preoptic region. The lateral olfactory tract forms a lateral terminal field and contributes to the intermediate and posterior terminal fields. Olfactory fibers cross in the interbulbar, anterior, and habenular commissures and tuberal decussation. Consistent differnces were noted between the medial and lateral olfactory bulb, with respect to their cytoarchitectonics, immunohistochemistry, and connections. In addition to the olfactory nerve, bulbar afferents are predominantly ipsilateral, with minor inputs originating from the contralateral bulb and telencephalic area dorsalis posterior, nucleus raphe centralis, and locus ceruleus. © 1993 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
THE EFFECT OF EDUCATION ON GENERAL DENTISTS’ KNOWLEDGE OF DENTAL TRAUMA MANAGEMENT

Background: The complexity of dentoalveolar trauma needs proper knowledge and skills by dentist to treat them appropriately. There is evidence in the literature that general dentists do not have sufficient level of knowledge in this regard. Objective: To assess the effect of training by distance education via cell phone text messaging as well as showing posters on the knowledge of general dentists with regard to management of dental traumas in Zahedan, Iran in 2014. Methods: In this experimental study, 86 general dentists were included. Firstly, the particpants’ knowledge of dental trauma management was determined using a standard questionnaire. The questionnaire responses was based on the 2013 Dental Trauma Guide with scoring system (with total score range of 0 to 29). Then, educational intervention was started and explanations with correct answers to the items covered in the questionnaire were presented to the particpants via showing posters or sending text messages by cell phones every 48 hours for 2 weeks. Once more, post-test with the questionnaire was done. Results: Before education, older dentists (> 41 years old) had significantly lower mean (SD) knowledge score (14.86 ± 3.48) vs. younger dentists (19.63 ± 4.17 in 31-40 years and 17.51± 4.85 in 25-30 years groups); P= 0.004. Mean (±SD) knowledge score before the education was 17.79 (±4.67) which increased to 24.2 (±2.93) after the education (P< 0.001). Conclusion: Education about dental trauma for general dentists via showing posters and sendings message texts by cell phone was an effective method with significant results.
Event-related Potential Signatures of Relational Memory

Various lines of evidence suggest that memory for the relations among arbitrarily paired items acquired prior to testing can influence early processing of a probe stimulus. The event-related potential experiment reported here was designed to explore how early in time memory for a previously established face-scene relationship begins to influence processing of faces, under sequential presentation conditions in which a preview of the scene can promote expectancies about the to-be-presented face. Prior to the current work, the earliest component documented to be sensitive to memory for the relations among arbitrarily paired items was the late positive complex (LPC), but here relational memory effects were evident as early as 270350 msec after face onset. The latency of these relational memory effects suggests that they may be the precursor to similar effects observed in eye movement behavior. As expected, LPC amplitude was also affected by memory for face-scene relationships, and N400 amplitude reflected some combination of memory for items and memory for the relations among items.
Pulmonary targeting of nanoparticle drug matrices.

BACKGROUND Nanoparticle drug matrices using lipids or liposomes, with diameters of 40-300 nm, have recently been developed to encapsulate drugs like Insulin, Budesonide, and Rifampicin for pulmonary delivery raising interest in their regional lung deposition. METHODS Lung deposition has so far been modeled using a one-dimensional transport equation, with or without moving airway boundaries, and a lumped deposition term for particle diffusion, sedimentation, and impaction. Here, a two-dimensional transport model has been developed with an explicit treatment of radial diffusion, the primary mechanism for nanoparticle deposition. Regional lung deposition was calculated using Weibel's whole lung model geometry during normal breathing and medical inhalation cycles. CONCLUSIONS Model predictions agree well with measurements of total and pulmonary lung deposition for particles of 10 nm to 10 μm, with earlier models incorporating moving boundaries and aerosol dynamics, and with the reported regional lung deposition of inhaled dry powder insulin. To simulate medical inhalation, the model was run with inhalation times from 2-6 sec and breath hold from 0-10 sec. A high and relatively invariant pulmonary deposition fraction between 70 and 95% was predicted for a broad nanoparticle size range (50-200 nm) for inhalation cycles with breathing rate between 500 and 2000 cm(3) sec(-1) and breath hold of 5-10 sec. Thus, nanoparticles may be able to deliver consistent lung doses, over modest breath hold periods, even with intrapatient variability in breathing rate. A linearized nomogram was provided as a heuristic for design of nanoparticle drug matrices to target the pulmonary lung.
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—Raising awareness and providing guidance to on-line data protection is undoubtedly a crucial issue worldwide. Equally important is the issue of applying privacy-related legislation in a coherent and coordinated way. Both these topics gain extra attention when referring to medical environments and thus to the protection of patients' privacy and medical data. Electronic medical transactions require the transmission of personal and medical information over insecure communication channels like the Internet. It is therefore a rather straightforward task to capture the electronic medical behavior of a patient, thus constructing "patient profiles", or reveal sensitive information related to a patient's medical history. The consequence is clearly a potential violation of the patient's privacy. We performed a risk analysis study for a Greek shared care environment for the treatment of patients suffering from beta-thalassemia, an empirically embedded scenario that is representative of many other electronic medical environments; we capitalized on its results to provide an assessment of the associated risks, focusing on the description of countermeasures, in the form of technical guidelines, that can be employed in such medical environments for protecting the privacy of personal and medical information.