Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of blood pressure control on diabetic microvascular complications in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE The Appropriate Blood Pressure Control in Diabetes (ABCD) Trial is a prospective randomized blinded clinical trial that compares the effects of intensive versus moderate blood pressure control on the incidence and progression of type 2 diabetic complications. The current article discusses the results of 5.3 years of follow-up of 470 patients with hypertension and evaluates the effects of intensive and moderate blood pressure therapy using nisoldipine versus enalapril as the initial antihypertensive medication for nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS The 470 hypertensive subjects, defined as having a baseline diastolic blood pressure of > or = 90 mmHg, were randomized to intensive blood pressure control (diastolic blood pressure goal of 75 mmHg) versus moderate blood pressure control (diastolic blood pressure goal of 80-89 mmHg). RESULTS The mean blood pressure achieved was 132/78 mmHg in the intensive group and 138/86 mmHg in the moderate control group. During the 5-year follow-up period, no difference was observed between intensive versus moderate blood pressure control and those randomized to nisoldipine versus enalapril with regard to the change in creatinine clearance. After the first year of antihypertensive treatment, creatinine clearance stabilized in both the intensive and moderate blood pressure control groups in those patients with baseline normo- or microalbuminuria. In contrast, patients starting with overt albuminuria demonstrated a steady decline in creatinine clearance of 5-6 ml.min-1.1. 73 m-2 per year throughout the follow-up period whether they were on intensive or moderate therapy. There was also no difference between the interventions with regard to individuals progressing from normoalbuminuria to microalbuminuria (25% intensive therapy vs. 18% moderate therapy, P = 0.20) or microalbuminuria to overt albuminuria (16% intensive therapy vs. 23% moderate therapy, P = 0.28). Intensive therapy demonstrated a lower overall incidence of deaths, 5.5 vs. 10.7%, P = 0.037. Over a 5-year follow-up period, there was no difference between the intensive and moderate groups with regard to the progression of diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy. In addition, the use of nisoldipine versus enalapril had no differential effect on diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy. CONCLUSIONS Blood pressure control of 138/86 or 132/78 mmHg with either nisoldipine or enalapril as the initial antihypertensive medication appeared to stabilize renal function in hypertensive type 2 diabetic patients without overt albuminuria over a 5-year period. The more intensive blood pressure control decreased all-cause mortality.
Enhancing the effectiveness of tobacco package warning labels: a social psychological perspective.

OBJECTIVE To outline social psychological principles that could influence the psychosocial and behavioural effects of tobacco warning labels, and to inform the development of more effective tobacco warning labels. DATA SOURCES PsycInfo and Medline literature searches and expert guided selection of principles and theories in social psychology and of tobacco warning labels, including articles, books, and reports. CONCLUSIONS Tobacco warning labels represent a potentially effective method of influencing attitudes and behaviours. This review describes social psychological principles that could be used to guide the creation of more effective warning labels. The potential value of incorporating warning labels into a broader public health education campaign is discussed, and directions for future research are suggested.
The leadership experiences of Asian Americans.

Although the number of Asian American professionals has continued to increase significantly in the United States, their underrepresentation in leadership roles remains. Given the absence of literature in this area, this article presents a qualitative study on 14 Asian American leaders in order to understand their perceptions and experiences in attaining and performing in leadership roles. Semistructured interviews were conducted, and themes were then garnered from them. Major themes identified included the influence of common Asian values, having to negotiate multiple identities, leading in response to the urging of others, using a group orientation and collaborative style, having a strong work ethic, emphasis on excellence, having to respond to stereotypic perceptions and expectations, and the importance of support and mentoring. Although participants were unique in their experiences, salient aspects across participants emerged showing that they were influenced by their identification as Asian Americans. These qualitative findings generate hypotheses about Asian American leadership that warrant further investigation.
Strut Coverage and Vessel Wall Response to a New-Generation Paclitaxel-Eluting Stent With an Ultrathin Biodegradable Abluminal Polymer: Optical Coherence Tomography Drug-Eluting Stent Investigation (OCTDESI)

Background—Polymer-coated drug-eluting stents are effective in preventing restenosis but have been associated with delayed healing and incomplete strut coverage. It is unknown whether paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES) with minimal biodegradable abluminal coating enhances strut coverage while preventing neointimal hyperplasia. Using optical coherence tomography (OCT) as a primary imaging modality, we assessed the proportion of uncovered struts at 6-month follow-up in PES coated with durable versus ultrathin (<1 &mgr;m) biodegradable abluminal polymers. Methods and Results—In this pilot trial, 60 patients with de novo lesions (⩽25 mm) in native coronary vessels were randomly assigned to receive either TAXUS Liberté PES or JACTAX PES, a Liberté stent with polymer deposited abluminally as microdots (JACTAX HD: 9.2 &mgr;g each of polymer and paclitaxel per 16-mm stent; JACTAX LD: 5 &mgr;g each). OCT follow-up occurred at 6 months with clinical follow-up through 1 year. The primary end point was percent uncovered struts by OCT. An independent core laboratory blinded to stent assignment analyzed images. The 6-month rate of uncovered struts per patient was 5.3±14.7% for TAXUS Liberté, 7.0±12.2% for JACTAX HD, and 4.6±7.3% for JACTAX LD (P=0.81); percent malapposed struts was 1.4±4.4%, 0.8±1.9%, and 1.1±2.8%, respectively (P=0.86). Strut-level intimal thickness was 0.20±0.10, 0.22±0.15, and 0.24±0.15 mm (P=0.64); percent volume obstruction by OCT was 22.2±12.8, 22.5±16.2, and 25.8±15.2 (P=0.69). There were no deaths, Q-wave myocardial infarctions, or stent thromboses through 1 year. Conclusions—JACTAX PES with an ultrathin microdot biodegradable abluminal polymer did not result in improved strut coverage at 6 months compared with TAXUS Liberté. Clinical Trial Registration—URL: http://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifier: NCT00776204.
Phase III HEAT Study Adding Lyso-Thermosensitive Liposomal Doxorubicin to Radiofrequency Ablation in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Lesions

Purpose: Lyso-thermosensitive liposomal doxorubicin (LTLD) consists of doxorubicin contained within a heat-sensitive liposome. When heated to ≥40°C, LTLD locally releases a high concentration of doxorubicin. We aimed to determine whether adding LTLD improves the efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) lesions with a maximum diameter (dmax) of 3 to 7 cm. Experimental Design: The HEAT Study was a randomized, double-blind, dummy-controlled trial of RFA ± LTLD. The 701 enrolled patients had to have ≤4 unresectable HCC lesions, at least one of which had a dmax of 3 to 7 cm. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS) and a key secondary endpoint was overall survival (OS). Post hoc subset analyses investigated whether RFA duration was associated with efficacy. Results: The primary endpoint was not met; in intention-to-treat analysis, the PFS HR of RFA + LTLD versus RFA alone was 0.96 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.79-1.18; P = 0.71], and the OS HR ratio was 0.95 (95% CI, 0.76–1.20; P = 0.67). Among 285 patients with a solitary HCC lesion who received ≥45 minutes RFA dwell time, the OS HR was 0.63 (95% CI, 0.41–0.96; P < 0.05) in favor of combination therapy. RFA + LTLD had reversible myelosuppression similar to free doxorubicin. Conclusions: Adding LTLD to RFA was safe but did not increase PFS or OS in the overall study population. However, consistent with LTLD's heat-based mechanism of action, subgroup analysis suggested that RFA + LTLD efficacy is improved when RFA dwell time for a solitary lesion ≥45 minutes. Clin Cancer Res; 24(1); 73–83. ©2017 AACR.
Neural correlates of the perception of dynamic versus static facial expressions of emotion

AIM This study investigated brain areas involved in the perception of dynamic facial expressions of emotion. METHODS A group of 30 healthy subjects was measured with fMRI when passively viewing prototypical facial expressions of fear, disgust, sadness and happiness. Using morphing techniques, all faces were displayed as still images and also dynamically as a film clip with the expressions evolving from neutral to emotional. RESULTS Irrespective of a specific emotion, dynamic stimuli selectively activated bilateral superior temporal sulcus, visual area V5, fusiform gyrus, thalamus and other frontal and parietal areas. Interaction effects of emotion and mode of presentation (static/dynamic) were only found for the expression of happiness, where static faces evoked greater activity in the medial prefrontal cortex. CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm previous findings on neural correlates of the perception of dynamic facial expressions and are in line with studies showing the importance of the superior temporal sulcus and V5 in the perception of biological motion. Differential activation in the fusiform gyrus for dynamic stimuli stands in contrast to classical models of face perception but is coherent with new findings arguing for a more general role of the fusiform gyrus in the processing of socially relevant stimuli.
EXPERIMENTAL STAPHYLOCOCCAL INFECTIONS IN THE SKIN OF MAN

'I'he concept of virulence of a microbe is relative t o a given host species. The fact that an organism is capable of setting up lesions in 1 experimental animal cannot be used as a basis for comparing the virulence of microbial strains in relation to another species of host. 'I'he traditional approach of using any convenient laboratory animal in virulence studies may yield completely fallacious findings if different metabolic products in other species of animals contribute to varying degrees of virulence in those species. 'I'liere is evidence that the virulence of coagulase-positive staphylococci does vary when tested on rabbits, mice, or other animals, but there is no information concerning the existence of similar differences in man (Frappier el ul. , 19.5). The carrier rate of coagulase-positive staphylococci and their distrihution in dust, clothing, antl elsewhere is very high, but clinical staphylococcal infection in man is comparatively rare. This suggests that either a minority of nasal strains are endowed with special virulence or that tlie circumstances of the infection determine the occurrence of disease. Since virulence testing on animals could not be expected to provide the correct answer, i t was decided to compare a number of nasal strains with staphylococci isolated from human lesions by injecting volunteers intradermally. ,411 the strains tested were coagulase-positive but, as tlie other biological properties of such material have frequently been described, no further details were regarded as relevant. i'irulence testing in man being necessarily restricted in extent, our primary aim was t o establish, within the limitations of the approach, whether or not differences in the resulting lesions could be demonstrated between randomly selected nasal strains of Slaphylococc.us $ y o g e r m and other strains obtained from human lesions, and therefore presumed to be virulent. The indicator effect chosen was pus formation. Since staphylococci typically produce purulent lesions, the minimum inoculum surviving and progressing to pus formation can be used as the basis of comparison between the virulence to man of different strains. Experiments on man with S / a p h . pyogette.7 have been carried out before (Gar+, 188.5; Humm, 1885; and Hockhart, 1887), but only to show that they cause disease. S o information was available concerning the minimal pusforming dose or concerning differences between strains. Since the number of volunteers available was insufficient to test an adequate number of strains wi th different sizes of inocula it was decitletl t o determine the minimal pus-forming tlose for a strain freshly isolated from a severe lesion atitl then to compare the effects of the same dose of nasal antl of some further known pyogenic strains. If the hypothesis that only a minority of nasal strains are virulent is correct, these straitis ~rould be expected not to cause pus formation at that (lose. -1 strain obtained from an abscess of the neck was injected in varying dilu-
Homicide in the western family and background factors of a perpetrator

Aims: Familicide is a multiple-victim homicide incident in which the killer’s spouse and one or more children are slain. A systematic review was conducted to reveal the background factors of western homicide perpetrators. Methods: The systematic search was performed in the Arto, Medic, Cinahl, Medline, EBSCOhost Academic Search Premier and Social Services abstracts databases. The keywords were familicide, family homicide, familicide-suicide, filicide-suicide, extended suicide, child, murder, family, filicide and infanticide. The searches revealed 4139 references from the databases. The references were filtered and 32 peer-reviewed research articles revealed in years 2004–2014 were selected as data. The articles were analysed using inductive content analysis, by finding all possible background factors related to homicide. Results: The factors were described as percentages of the range. The background factors of familicide perpetrators were categorised as follows: perpetrators who had committed homicide of a child and intimate partner and possibly committed suicide; a father had who killed a child; a mother who had killed a child; a father who had committed a filicide-suicide; and a mother who had committed a filicide-suicide. Conclusions: Psychological instability, violence and crime were found in all these categories of familicides. Perpetrators who had committed a suicide in addition to the familicide had more often been diagnosed with depression, but they sought treatment for mental health problems less often and had violence and self-destructiveness less often in their background than in other familicide categories. Social and healthcare professionals should be more sensitive to emerging family problems and be prepared for intervention.
HS1‐BP3 gene variant is common in familial essential tremor

Essential tremor (ET) is a movement disorder characterized by a postural or kinetic tremor of the hands, head, or voice. It is typically a familial condition and affects 1% to 4% of the general population. The trait is genetically linked to chromosome 2p in some families. A variant (828C→G) in exon 7 of the hematopoietic‐specific protein 1 binding protein 3 gene (HS1‐BP3) on chromosome 2p recently has been found to segregate with ET in 2 families. To determine the frequency of this variant in a larger series, we studied patients with ET, Parkinson disease (PD), and controls without tremor. Affected singletons representing 73 families from the United States with dominantly inherited ET, 35 individuals with PD, and 304 healthy controls older than age 60 were tested for the 828C→G variant in exon 7 of the HS1‐BP3 gene by a BseYI restriction enzyme digest of the polymerase chain reaction product. Heterozygous carriers of the mutant allele were identified in 12 individuals with ET (16.4%) and in 1 individual with PD and postural tremor (3%). All of the healthy controls (608 chromosomes) were homozygous for the wild‐type allele. The 828C→G genetic variant in the HS1‐BP3 gene occurs relatively frequently in subjects with ET. The variant may also be found in some individuals with PD and postural tremor. The HS1‐BP3 gene plays a putative role in regulating catecholamine and serotonin metabolism, but the functional consequences of the amino acid substitution (A265G) caused by this genetic variant is unknown. © 2005 Movement Disorder Society
Individual and Environmental Implications of Working Alliances in Occupational Therapy

Introduction: The therapeutic alliance is constituted of two predominant actors, the client and therapist, and is embedded within a rich environment that may both facilitate and restrict the alliance development. Method: A mixed-methods, prospective, multiple case study approach was used to compare the contextual characteristics and experiences of the working alliance over the course of a community-based occupational therapy intervention by four dyads, each composed of an occupational therapist and client. Findings: The findings of this study suggest that there are a variety of therapist, client, and environmental factors that interact with one another, each having a different impact on the process of alliance development. Conclusion: Although therapists must shoulder the responsibility of creating a therapeutic atmosphere conducive to sound working alliance development, there are also elements having an impact on the alliance that are outside the therapist's control. Although these findings point to development potentials for therapists to consider, related to the therapeutic use-of-self, there is also a need for vigilance in relation to career health in assuming responsibility for elements that therapists cannot always mediate.
A study of professional nurses' perceptions of patient education.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to describe the professional nurses' perception of the role of patient educator and to determine factors inhibiting and enhancing patient teaching. METHOD One hundred and twenty-four hospital-based, acute-care professional nurses were randomly selected from a State Board of Nursing list and surveyed by mail. RESULTS Ninety-two percent of nurses reported that patient education was a priority in their nursing care. The top three factors inhibiting patient education were time, staffing, and receptiveness of the patient. The top three enhancers were providing more time to teach, providing inclusive teaching guidance sheets, and making resources more accessible. CONCLUSION Patient education is a valuable part of professional nurses' practice, but many factors impede this nursing function. Key recommendations to enhance patient teaching were suggested, including improving efficiencies in patient care, supporting the staff nurse educational role, and providing essential resources based on survey results.
CAN YOUR EYES TELL ME HOW YOU THINK ? 1 Can Your Eyes Tell Me How You Think ? A Gaze Directed Estimation of the Mental Activity

Many applications pointed to the informative potential of the human eyes. In this paper we investigate the possibility of estimating the cognitive process used by a person when addressing a mental challenge, according to the Eye Accessing Cue (EAC) model from the Neuro-Linguistic Programming (NLP) theory [3]. This model states that there is a subtle, yet firm, connection between the non-visual gaze direction and the mental representation system used. From the point of view of computer vision, this work deals with gaze estimation under passive illumination. Using a multistage fusion approach, we show that it is possible to achieve highly accurate results in both terms of eye gaze localization or EAC case recognition.
“We are different people”: A narrative analysis of carers’ experiences with mental health crisis and support from crisis resolution teams

ABSTRACT Crisis resolution teams (CRTs) deliver acute mental health care in the community. This care implies collaboration with carers. The article explores experiences of mental health crisis from the carer’s perspective and what carers experience as helpful and/or unhelpful help from CRTs. In-depth interviews with carers are analyzed using a narrative approach. The configuration of data elements into coherent stories reveals that thematically similar experiences also have a highly personal imprint. Understanding a carer’s individual experiences and needs in a contextual, storied manner can reveal information that is crucial to the collaboration of help that is perceived as helpful within a home-based approach to a mental health crisis.
Eco-friendly and biocompatible cross-linked carboxymethylcellulose hydrogels as adsorbents for the removal of organic dye pollutants for environmental applications

ABSTRACT In this study, new eco-friendly hydrogel adsorbents were synthesized based on carboxymethylcellulose (CMC, degree of substitution [DS] = 0.7) chemically cross-linked with citric acid (CA) using a green process in aqueous solution and applied for the adsorption of methylene blue (MB). Spectroscopic analyses demonstrated the mechanism of cross-linking through the reaction of hydroxyl functional groups from CMC with CA. These CMC hydrogels showed very distinct morphological features dependent on the extension of cross-linking and their nanomechanical properties were drastically increased by approximately 300% after cross-linking with 20% CA (e.g. elastic moduli from 80 ± 15 to 270 ± 50 MPa). Moreover, they were biocompatible using an in vitro cell viability assay in contact with human osteosarcoma-derived cells (SAOS) for 24 h. These CMC-based hydrogels exhibited adsorption efficiency above 90% (24 h) and maximum removal capacity of MB from 5 to 25 mg g−1 depending on the dye concentration (from 100 to 500 mg L−1), which was used as the model cationic organic pollutant. The adsorption of process of MB was well-fit to the pseudo-second-order kinetics model. The desorption of MB by immersion in KCl solution (3 mol L−1, 24 h) showed a typical recovery efficiency of over 60% with conceivable reuse of these CMC-based hydrogels. Conversely, CMC hydrogels repelled methyl orange dye used as model anionic pollutant, proving the mechanism of adsorption by the formation of charged polyelectrolyte/dye complexes. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT
Validation of the Gratitude Questionnaire in Filipino Secondary School Students

Abstract Most studies have assessed the psychometric properties of the Gratitude Questionnaire – Six-Item Form (GQ-6) in the Western contexts while very few research has been generated to explore the applicability of this scale in non-Western settings. To address this gap, the aim of the study was to examine the factorial validity and gender invariance of the Gratitude Questionnaire in the Philippines through a construct validation approach. There were 383 Filipino high school students who participated in the research. In terms of within-network construct validity, results of confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the five-item version of the questionnaire (GQ-5) had better fit compared to the original six-item version of the gratitude questionnaire. The scores from the GQ-5 also exhibited invariance across gender. Between-network construct validation showed that gratitude was associated with higher levels of academic achievement (β = .46, p <.001), autonomous motivation (β = .73, p <.001), and controlled motivation (β = .28, p <.01). Conversely, gratitude was linked to lower degree of amotivation (β = -.51, p <.001). Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.