Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding the Role of Keratins 8 and 18 in Neoplastic Potential of Breast Cancer Derived Cell Lines

Background Breast cancer is a complex disease which cannot be defined merely by clinical parameters like lymph node involvement and histological grade, or by routinely used biomarkers like estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PGR) and epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in diagnosis and prognosis. Breast cancer originates from the epithelial cells. Keratins (K) are cytoplasmic intermediate filament proteins of epithelial cells and changes in the expression pattern of keratins have been seen during malignant transformation in the breast. Expression of the K8/18 pair is seen in the luminal cells of the breast epithelium, and its role in prognostication of breast cancer is not well understood. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study, we have modulated K8 expression to understand the role of the K8/18 pair in three different breast epithelium derived cell lines: non-transformed MCF10A, transformed but poorly invasive MDA MB 468 and highly invasive MDA MB 435. The up-regulation of K8 in the invasive MDA MB 435 cell line resulted in a significant decrease in proliferation, motility, in-vitro invasion, tumor volume and lung metastasis. The down-regulation of K8 in MDA MB 468 resulted in a significant increase in transformation potential, motility and invasion in-vitro, while MCF10A did not show any changes in cell transformation assays. Conclusions/Significance These results indicate the role of K8/18 in modulating invasion in breast cancer -its presence correlating with less invasive phenotype and absence correlating with highly invasive, dedifferentiated phenotype. These data may have important implications for prognostication of breast cancer.
TRENDS IN THERAPEUTIC INTERVENTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS IN SAUDI ARABIA

Objectives: The aim of the present study is to assess the patterns of therapeutic interventions for diabetes in Hijaz region in Saudi Arabia and compare it with the AACS treatment guidelines for diabetes. Both the pharmacologic and non-pharmacological interventions employed in management of diabetes and the prescribing practices in diabetic patients were evaluated. Methods: To fulfil this aim, a surveillance and analysis of the physician’s prescription habits to diabetic patients was performed. The study was conducted in health centres, hospitals as well as community pharmacies in Taif city. A comparison was done between the therapeutic choices reported in guidelines and those detected in the field study to highlight any possible deviation. Results: Analysis of prescriptions pattern among diabetics revealed that there is a deviation between the typical reported therapeutic protocol for the management of diabetes and what the physicians actually prescribe. There was a considerable bias towards the use of oral hypoglycemic agents bypassing the necessary life style changes. The impact of life style and nutritional supplements were substantially overlooked. The study revealed that prescription of metformin and glimepiride were found to be maximum among various available antidiabetic drugs. Most common disease associated with diabetes mellitus was found to be hypertension and obesity. Moreover, the study revealed that there is a great need for introducing pharmaceutical care in both hospital and community pharmacy settings. Conclusion: The physician needs to develop patient care plans and provide effective drug treatments in collaboration with the patient and other caregivers’ esp. the pharmacist. It is also important, to discuss and explore other alternative treatment plans / options.
Executing Provenance-Enabled Queries over Web Data

The proliferation of heterogeneous Linked Data on the Web poses new challenges to database systems. In particular, because of this heterogeneity, the capacity to store, track, and query provenance data is becoming a pivotal feature of modern triple stores. In this paper, we tackle the problem of efficiently executing provenance-enabled queries over RDF data. We propose, implement and empirically evaluate five different query execution strategies for RDF queries that incorporate knowledge of provenance. The evaluation is conducted on Web Data obtained from two different Web crawls (The Billion Triple Challenge, and the Web Data Commons). Our evaluation shows that using an adaptive query materialization execution strategy performs best in our context. Interestingly, we find that because provenance is prevalent within Web Data and is highly selective, it can be used to improve query processing performance. This is a counterintuitive result as provenance is often associated with additional overhead.
Is Newer Always Better?: The Case of Vulnerability Prediction Models

Finding security vulnerabilities in the source code as early as possible is becoming more and more essential. In this respect, vulnerability prediction models have the potential to help the security assurance activities by identifying code locations that deserve the most attention. In this paper, we investigate whether prediction models behave like milk (i.e., they turn with time) or wine (i.e., the improve with time) when used to predict future vulnerabilities. Our findings indicate that the recall values are largely in favor of predictors based on older versions. However, the better recall comes at the price of much higher file inspection ratio values.
The Civilizing Process: Sociogenetic and Psychogenetic Investigations

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WHAT OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING ENTAILS: A MULTIPLE CASE STUDY

Observational learning has proved to be effective with learners of various ages and in various school subjects, including writing. However, little is known about the actual behavior of learners while carrying out observation tasks. In this case study, students’ learning activities when processing observa- tion tasks are closely analyzed: six students thought aloud while observing sets of writers as peer models, and were interviewed afterwards. Results suggest that observers carried out many (meta)cognitive activi- ties, especially activities based on the internalization and development of criteria for effective writing (observing, comparing, evaluating, and reflecting activities). These are precisely the activities assumed to play a central role in learning to write. Observational learning seems to stimulate these activities natu-rally, albeit they are not very evident in typical school writing tasks and exercises. French analyse détaillée de l’activité cognitive des apprenants lors de la tâche d’observation : six lycéens ont raisonné à haute voix tout en observant différents modèles d’écriture mis en œuvre par des pairs, ils ont ensuite été interrogés. Les résultats montrent que ces observateurs ont effectué de nombreuses activités meta-cognitives, en particulier des activités basées sur l’élaboration et l’internalisation des critères d’une écriture efficace (observation, comparaison, évaluation et réflexion). Il s’agit précisément des activités supposées jouer un rôle central dans l’apprentissage de l’écriture. Celles-ci semblent naturellement stimulées par l’apprentissage par observation, alors qu’elles n’apparaissent pas de façon très évidente dans des tâches et des exercices d’écriture plus habituels. leren effectief gebleken leerders van verschillende leeftijden in ver- schillende schoolvakken en vaardigheden zoals schrijfvaardigheid. Er is echter weinig bekend wat er nu precies gebeurt als leerders observatietaken uitvoeren. In deze case studie worden de leeractiviteiten van leerlingen die observatietaken uitvoeren nauwkeurig geanalyseerd. Zes leerlingen dachten hardop terwijl ze medeleerlingen die schrijftaken uitvoerden, aan het observeren waren. Bovendien werden de observerende leerlingen na het observeren geïnterviewd over hun observatiegedrag. De resultaten lieten zien dat de observerende leerlingen veel verschillende (meta)cognitieve activiteiten uitvoerden, vooral activiteiten (observeren, vergelijken, evalueren en reflecteren) die zijn gericht op de internalisatie en de ontwikkeling van criteria voor goed schrijven. Dit zijn precies de activiteiten waarvan verondersteld wordt dat ze een centrale rol spelen bij het leren schrijven. Observerend leren lijkt deze activiteiten op een natuurlijke wijze te stimuleren terwijl dat niet zo voor de hand ligt bij de meer gebrui- kelijke schrijftaken.
Acronyms and Identities: The Perceptions of Latino Teenagers Regarding their Experiences as Long-Term Second Language Learners

The purpose of this qualitative research study was to explore the perceptions of older Latino teenagers regarding their experiences as long-term English language learners. The data were gained from in-depth interviews based on a phenomenological methodology. The participants were interviewed individually using a modified three-part interview structure. The interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using initial and thematic coding to identify common and related themes. The data was presented primarily using participant quotes to illustrate identified themes. The results of the study were organized into three major aspects of the culturally and linguistically diverse participants’ life experiences: Articulations of Personal Identity; Relationships with Parents, Family, and Latino Peers; and Experiences in School and the Local Community. The participants articulated a cultural identity that was clearly different than that of their Spanish-dominant, immigrant parents, but also different than the mainstream “White” culture. Linguistically, the participants dealt with issues of fluency in both their native language and their second language of English. In all endeavors, the participants’ primary motivation in life was their desire to support their loved ones and improve their families’ situations in life. In experiences with the school and local community, the data showed that participants had experienced difficulty navigating the American educational system and also felt a lack of cultural representation at school. The data also revealed that participants articulated ongoing experiences of racism through their stories, yet had a difficult time defining acts as instances of racism. The findings of this study may contribute to a better understanding of the life and scholastic experiences of long-term English language learners. Possibilities for future research included an examination of how the results could be applied by educators and school districts,
Finite Control Set Model Predictive Control for Grid-Connected AC–DC Converters With LCL Filter

This paper presents two new implementations of finite control set model predictive control (FCS-MPC) methods applied to ac–dc converters with an inductive.capacitive. inductive (LCL) filter. The LCL filter, despite its advantages, can cause a strong resonance in the grid current and also pose a substantially more complex control problem. The new solutions improve the FCS-MPC with an active damping algorithm by eliminating low-order grid current harmonics and decreasing sensitivity to grid voltage distortion. The new methods, i.e., PCi1i2uc and PCi1i2uc-2steps propose multivariable approaches using converter-side current, line-side current, and capacitor voltage. Another improvement involves extending the prediction horizon in PCi1 i2uc-2steps. Both methods have been tested and compared in steady and transient states as well as under grid voltage disturbances. The methods were also compared with a predictive control algorithm with active damping. The simulation results and experimental measurements validate the developed control schemes and show high quality of grid current (low THDi value), high dynamic performance, and immunity under distorted grid voltage conditions.
Xenopus sonic hedgehog guides retinal axons along the optic tract

The role of classic morphogens such as Sonic hedgehog (Shh) as axon guidance cues has been reported in a variety of vertebrate organisms (Charron and Tessier‐Lavigne [ 2005 ] Development 132:2251–2262). In this work, we provide the first evidence that Xenopus sonic hedgehog (Xshh) signaling is involved in guiding retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axons along the optic tract. Xshh is expressed in the brain during retinal axon extension, adjacent to these axons in the ventral diencephalon. Retinal axons themselves express Patched 1 and Smoothened co‐receptors during RGC axon growth. Blocking Shh signaling causes abnormal ventral pathfinding, and targeting errors at the optic tectum. Misexpression of exogenous N‐Shh peptide in vivo also causes pathfinding errors. Retinal axons grown in culture respond to N‐Shh in a dose‐dependent manner, either by decreasing extension at lower concentrations, or retracting axons in the presence of higher doses. These data suggest that Shh signaling is required for normal RGC axon pathfinding and tectal targeting in the developing visual system of Xenopus. We propose that Shh serves as a ventral optic tract repellent that helps to define the caudal boundary for retinal axons in the diencephalon, and that this signaling is also required for initial target recognition at the optic tectum. Developmental Dynamics 239:2921–2932, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Openness to Experience, Non-Conformity, and the Preference for Abstract Art

Recent evolutionary theory has argued that what people find “beautiful” is not arbitrary, but rather has evolved over millions of years of hominid sensory, perceptual, and cognitive evolution. Sensations that have adaptive value (i.e., that enhance safety, survival, and reproduction) often become aesthetically preferred. One purpose of the current study was to present a personality and social attitude template for persons who prefer a relatively recent and generally unappreciated form of art, namely abstract art. One hundred and four college participants (68 female) completed personality (openness and experience seeking) and social attitude questionnaires and recorded their preference for 15 realistic, 15 ambiguous, and 15 abstract works of art. Results showed that open participants preferred every form of art presented, but that this difference increased as the art became more abstract. In addition, those with attitudes more tolerant of political liberalism and drug use preferred abstract art the most.
Symptom Trajectories in Posttreatment Cancer Survivors

Background: Cancer survivorship following cancer treatment is uncertain as physical and psychological sequelae related to the disease or its treatment may persist. However, little is known about the experience of symptoms after treatment. Objectives: The purposes of this study were to (1) examine postchemotherapy (post-CTX) symptom trajectories in cancer survivors and (2) determine whether demographic characteristics predicted symptom trajectories. Methods: One hundred patients who recently completed CTX for lung cancer, colorectal cancer, or lymphoma rated symptoms on an electronic patient care monitor system prior to ambulatory care visits. Latent growth curve analyses were conducted to examine the trajectories of pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance, distress, and depression for 16 months after initial CTX. Results: Symptoms were present at the first follow-up visit following CTX (P < .0001) and persisted over 16 months. The depression trajectory was predicted by sex: males showed a convex curvilinear growth trajectory, whereas females showed a concave trajectory (P < .05). Higher distress was predicted by younger age (P < .05). Conclusions: Psychological and physical symptoms persisted over the 16-month period following CTX for the entire sample. Sex differences in coping could partially explain the different trajectories of growth for depression, but further studies are warranted. Younger patients may be more vulnerable for distress during this posttreatment phase. Implications for Practice: The posttreatment surveillance plan for cancer survivors should include a comprehensive assessment of psychological and physical symptoms. Persistence of symptoms can be expected in some patients, and supportive interventions should be tailored according to symptom reports.
Recommender Systems in Computer Science and Information Systems-a Landscape of Research

The paper reviews and classifies recent research in recommender systems both in the field of Computer Science and Information Systems. The goal of this work is to identify existing trends, open issues and possible directions for future research. Our analysis is based on a review of 330 papers on recommender systems, which were published in high-impact conferences and journals during the past five years (20062011). We provide a state-of-the-art review on recommender systems, propose future research opportunities for recommender systems in both computer science and information system community, and indicate how the research avenues of both communities might partly converge.
CD4 Lymphocyte Enumeration and Hemoglobin Assessment Aid for Priority Decisions: A Multisite Evaluation of the BD FACSPresto™ System

Background: The BD FACSPresto™ system uses capillary and venous blood to measure CD4 absolute counts (CD4), %CD4 in lymphocytes, and hemoglobin (Hb) in approximately 25 minutes. CD4 cell count is used with portable CD4 counters in resource-limited settings to manage HIV/AIDS patients. A method comparison was performed using capillary and venous samples from seven clinical laboratories in five countries. The BD FACSPresto system was assessed for variability between laboratory, instrument/operators, cartridge lots and within-run at four sites. Methods: Samples were collected under approved voluntary consent. EDTA-anticoagulated venous samples were tested for CD4 and %CD4 T cells using the gold-standard BD FACSCalibur™ system, and for Hb, using the Sysmex® KX-21N™ analyzer. Venous and capillary samples were tested on the BD FACSPresto system. Matched data was analyzed for bias (Deming linear regression and Bland-Altman methods), and for concordance around the clinical decision point. The coefficient of variation was estimated per site, instrument/operator, cartridge-lot and between-runs. Results: For method comparison, 93% of the 720 samples were from HIV-positive and 7% from HIV-negative or normal subjects. CD4 and %CD4 T cells venous and capillary results gave slopes within 0.96–1.05 and R2 ≥0.96; Hb slopes were ≥1.00 and R2 ≥0.89. Variability across sites/operators gave %CV <5.8% for CD4 counts, <1.9% for %CD4 and <3.2% for Hb. The total %CV was <7.7% across instrument/cartridge lot. Conclusion: The BD FACSPresto system provides accurate, reliable, precise CD4/%CD4/Hb results compared to gold-standard methods, irrespective of venous or capillary blood sampling. The data showed good agreement between the BD FACSPresto, BD FACSCalibur and Sysmex systems.
Supplemental Data : Social status gates social attention in monkeys

Humans rapidly shift attention in the direction other individuals are looking, following gaze in a manner suggestive of an obligatory social reflex [1–4]. Monkeys’ attention also follows gaze, and the similar magnitude and time-course of gazefollowing in rhesus macaques and humans [5] is indicative of shared neural mechanisms. Here we show that low-status male rhesus macaques reflexively follow the gaze of all familiar rhesus macaques, but high-status macaques selectively follow the gaze only of other high-status monkeys. These results suggest that gaze-following in monkeys involves reflexive and voluntary components, and that the strength of these mechanisms varies according to social status. We probed the impact of social status on gaze-following in rhesus macaques performing a simple visual orienting task [5] (Figure 1A). Each monkey (four highstatus, three low-status) fixated a central target which was replaced by an image of a familiar monkey’s face looking left or right. After 100, 200, 400, 600 or 800 ms, the face disappeared and a peripheral target appeared randomly to the left or right; monkeys then shifted gaze to the target to receive a juice reward. Crucially, the face’s gaze direction did not predict the target location. We demonstrated previously that saccade reaction times for monkeys and humans are faster on those trials in which observed gaze is congruent with target location; reaction time savings thus served as our operational definition of gazefollowing. We hypothesized that monkeys would generally follow gaze, but that the strength and timing of gaze-following would be modulated by social status. Figure 1. Observed gaze and social status influence saccade reaction times. (A) Visual orienting task. The impact of social status on gaze-following was examined by comparing reaction times for saccades made to a peripheral target after viewing an image of a familiar monkey looking left or right. Each monkey first fixated a central yellow square (±3°) for 200–500 ms. The yellow square was then extinguished and a monkey face, shown here in inset, was illuminated centrally for a variable duration. If the monkey maintained fixation, the face was extinguished and a peripheral yellow square simultaneously illuminated at one of two fixed positions located symmetrically 10–15° to the left or right. Gaze shifts to the peripheral target within 350 ms were rewarded with a small squirt of juice. (B) Gaze-following dynamics vary with social status in male rhesus macaques. Average (±S.E.M.) saccade reaction times plotted as a function of face viewing duration on congruent and incongruent trials, for high-status (left) and low-status (right) subjects. For high-status monkeys, gaze cues evoked significant reaction time savings only at the 200 ms viewing duration. For low-status monkeys, both early reaction time savings and later inhibition of return (IOR) were observed. **post-hoc test p < 0.00005; *post-hoc test p < 0.005; all other contrasts p > 0.05. C on gr ue nt In co ng ru en t
The Strategic Management of Innovation: A Systematic Review and Paths for Future Research

Strategic management scholars have long emphasized the importance of innovation for a firm's competitive advantage and performance. However, the current state of knowledge about the strategic management of innovation is characterized by conflicting theoretical predictions, persisting knowledge gaps and theoretical inconsistencies. Adopting a ‘systematic’ approach to reviewing the literature, this paper combines different quantitative methods – co‐word analysis, cluster analysis and frequency analysis – to review 342 articles on the strategic management of innovation published in seven journals from 1992 to 2010. On the basis of these analyses, suggestions are developed for future research which could help to promote future theory development and provide relevant material for policy decisions that managers and executives have to make when they manage innovation.