Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
8 THE STATISTICAL EVALUATION OF SOCIAL NETWORK DYNAMICS

A class of statistical models is proposed for longitudinal network data. The dependent variable is the changing (or evolving) relation network, represented by two or more observations of a directed graph with a fixed set of actors. The network evolution is modeled as the consequence of the actors making new choices, or withdrawing existing choices, on the basis of functions, with fixed and random components, that the actors try to maximize. Individual and dyadic exogenous variables can be used as covariates. The change in the network is modeled as the stochastic result of network effects (reciprocity, transitivity, etc.) and these covariates. The existing network structure is a dynamic constraint for the evolution of the structure itself. The models are continuous-time Markov chain models that can be implemented as simulation models. The model parameters are estimated from observed data. For estimating and testing these models, statistical procedures are proposed that are based on the method of moments. The statistical procedures are implemented using a stochastic approximation algorithm based on computer simulations of the network evolution process.
Functional Analysis of the VirSR Phosphorelay from Clostridium perfringens

Toxin production in Clostridium perfringens is controlled by the VirSR two-component signal transduction system, which comprises the VirS sensor histidine kinase and the VirR response regulator. Other studies have concentrated on the elucidation of the genes controlled by this network; there is little information regarding the phosphorelay cascade that is the hallmark of such regulatory systems. In this study, we have examined each step in this cascade, beginning with autophosphorylation of VirS, followed by phosphotransfer from VirS to VirR. We also have studied the effects of gene dosage and phosphorylation in vivo. We have used random and site-directed mutagenesis to identify residues in VirS that are important for its function and have identified a region in the putative sensory domain of VirS that appeared to be essential for function. In vitro phosphorylation studies showed that VirSc, a truncated VirS protein that lacked the N-terminal sensory domain, was capable of autophosphorylation and could subsequently act as a phosphodonor for its cognate response regulator, VirR. Conserved residues of both VirS and VirR, including the D57 residue of VirR, were shown to be essential for this process. By use of Targetron technology, we were able to introduce a single copy of virR or virRD57N onto the chromosome of a virR mutant of C. perfringens. The results showed that in vivo, when virR was present in single copy, the production of wild-type levels of perfringolysin O was dependent on the presence of virS and an unaltered D57 residue in VirR. These results provide good evidence that phosphorylation is critical for VirR function.
Evolution of Binary Supermassive Black Holes via Chain Regularization

Abstract: A chain regularization method is combined with special purpose computer hardware to study the evolution of massive black hole binaries at the centers of galaxies. Preliminary results with up to N= 0.26× 106 particles are presented. The decay rate of the binary is shown to decrease with increasing N, as expected on the basis of theoretical arguments. The eccentricity of the binary remains small.
Generating families and Legendrian contact homology in the standard contact space

We show that if a Legendrian knot in a standard contact space ℝ3 possesses a generating family, then there exists an augmentation of the Chekanov–Eliashberg differential graded algebra so that the associated linearized contact homology (LCH) is isomorphic to singular homology groups arising from the generating family. In this setting, we show that Sabloff's duality result for LCH may be viewed as Alexander duality. In addition, we provide an explicit construction of a generating family for a front diagram with graded normal ruling and give a new approach to augmentation implies normal ruling.
ANALISIS PENGARUH DIMENSI BUDAYA TERHADAP NIAT MELAKUKAN WHISTLEBLOWING : PERBANDINGAN ANTARA MAHASISWA DAN ENGINEER

This study aims to investigate the differences between engineering students and engineers on whistleblowing intentions, the effect of cultural dimensions on whistleblowing intentions, and the effect of ethnic differences on whistleblowing intentions. Each respondent was faced with three cases: a case involving a superior, a case involving a colleague, and an unknown case who was responsible. Each respondent is asked to provide an assessment related to the seriousness of cases, responsibilities and intentions to conduct whistleblowing internally or externally. Result indicate that students have intention to do internal whistleblowing higher than engineer. The lower the power distance, the higher the internal whistleblowing intention. The higher collectivism and long-term orientation, the higher the internal whistleblowing intention. Significant ethnic differences in intent to conduct whistleblowing are found in internal whistleblowing for unknown cases, and external whistleblowing in cases involving superiors
Moderating Influences of Student–Faculty Interactions on Students’ Graduate and Professional School Aspirations

There is an inverse relationship between lifetime unemployment rates and attainment of advanced college degrees, as well as a positive relationship between levels of human capital and graduate degree attainment (Carnevale, Cheah, & Strohl, 2012). This suggests that there is a need to better understand college experiences that may promote students’ interests in pursuing graduate or professional education. Interactions with faculty members in college influence a host of college outcomes (Kim & Sax, 2017; Mayhew, Rockenbach, Bowman, Seifert, & Wolniak, 2016; Pascarella & Terenzini, 2005), but less is known about whether these interactions influence students’ aspirations to attend graduate or professional school and whether this influence is the same for all students. In this study, we examined the relationship between five measures of students’ interactions with faculty in college and students’ aspirations to earn a graduate or professional degree. Additionally, we considered whether this relationship is similar for all students or whether it is moderated by students’ sex or race/ethnicity.
EF-G catalyzed translocation dynamics in the presence of ribosomal frameshifting stimulatory signals

Abstract Programmed -1 ribosomal frameshifting (-1PRF) is tightly regulated by messenger RNA (mRNA) sequences and structures in expressing two or more proteins with precise ratios from a single mRNA. Using single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) between (Cy5)EF-G and (Cy3)tRNALys, we studied the translational elongation dynamics of -1PRF in the Escherichia coli dnaX gene, which contains three frameshifting signals: a slippery sequence (A AAA AAG), a Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence and a downstream hairpin. The frameshift promoting signals mostly impair the EF-G-catalyzed translocation step of the two tRNALys and the slippery codons from the A- and P- sites. The hairpin acts as a road block slowing the translocation rate. The upstream SD sequence together with the hairpin promotes dissociation of futile EF-G and thus causes multiple EF-G driven translocation attempts. A slippery sequence also helps dissociation of the EF-G by providing alternative base-pairing options. These results indicate that frameshifting takes place during the repetitive ribosomal conformational changes associated with EF-G dissociation upon unsuccessful translocation attempts of the second slippage codon from the A- to the P- sites.
Unmasking the Early Language and Literacy Needs of ELLs: What K-3 Practitioners Need to Know and Do.

The key underlying developmental concepts and skills requisite for early literacy learning appear to be easily achieved among most young English language learners (ELLs). These strengths, however, may merely mask the need for enhanced vocabulary development, the key variable in successful transitioning from early to academic literacy development in Grades 3–4 and in the longitudinal academic outcomes to Grade 12 that is over-looked by many elementary practitioners. Using illustrative samples of vocabulary profiles generated from children’s early written literacy development, this article highlights the need for elementary practitioners to continue to place a strong instructional focus on developing academic vocabulary, starting in the early grades and sustaining this focus through elementary school. At the same time, young learners need to continue to work on printing and spelling: the keys to unlocking vocabulary knowledge. Ideas for high impact teaching strategies are included.
Acute Effects of Particulate Air Pollution on the Incidence of Coronary Heart Disease in Shanghai, China

Introduction Evidence based on ecological studies in China suggests that short-term exposure to particulate matter (PM) is associated with cardiovascular mortality. However, there is less evidence of PM-related morbidity for coronary heart disease (CHD) in China. This study aims to investigate the relationship between acute PM exposure and CHD incidence in people aged above 40 in Shanghai. Methods Daily CHD events during 2005–2012 were identified from outpatient and emergency department visits. Daily average concentrations for particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 10 microns (PM10) were collected over the 8-year period. Particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5 microns (PM2.5) were measured from 2009 to 2012. Analyses were performed using quasi-poisson regression models adjusting for confounders, including long-term trend, seasonality, day of the week, public holiday and meteorological factors. The effects were also examined by gender and age group (41–65 years, and >65 years). Results There were 619928 CHD outpatient and emergency department visits. The average concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were 81. 7μg/m3 and 38. 6μg/m3, respectively. Elevated exposure to PM10 and PM2.5 was related with increased risk of CHD outpatients and emergency department visits in a short time course. A 10 μg/m3 increase in the 2-day PM10 and PM2.5 was associated with increase of 0.23% (95% CI: 0.12%, 0.34%) and 0.74% (95% CI: 0.44%, 1.04%) in CHD morbidity, respectively. The associations appeared to be more evident in the male and the elderly. Conclusion Short-term exposure to high levels of PM10 and PM2.5 was associated with increased risk of CHD outpatient and emergency department visits. Season, gender and age were effect modifiers of their association.
On almost one-to-one maps

A continuous map f: X → Y of topological spaces X, Y is said to be almost 1-to-1 if the set of the points x ∈ X such that f -1 (f(x)) = {x} is dense in X; it is said to be light if pointwise preimages are zero dimensional. We study almost 1-to-1 light maps of some compact and σ-compact spaces (e.g., n-manifolds or dendrites) and prove that in some important cases they must be homeomorphisms or embeddings. In a forthcoming paper we use these results and show that if f is a minimal self-mapping of a 2-manifold M, then point preimages under f are tree-like continua and either M is a union of 2-tori, or M is a union of Klein bottles permuted by f.
‘Playing the Game?’: The sexual harassment of female social workers across professional workspaces

Prompted by an experience while on a student placement in the United States, where sexual harassment was not responded to appropriately in professional supervision, the article focuses on female practitioners’ accounts of such harassment. Initially, the wider context for sexual harassment is furnished by a brief overview of the definition of sexual harassment, the legal context and responses in the Republic of Ireland. The focus then shifts to a small-scale empirical project garnering perceptions. The study is clearly preliminary and tentative, yet it illuminates important findings relating to the sexual harassment of female social workers across professional workspaces.
Extraction Of Retinal Blood Vessels Using Curvelet Transform And Kirsch’s Templates

— Retinal images play a major role in several applications including the ocular fundus operations and human recognition. They also play vital roles in detection of diabetes in early stages by comparing the states of retinal blood vessels. The detection of blood vessels from the retinal images is usually a tedious process. In this work a new algorithm to detect the blood vessels effectively has been proposed. The initial enhancement of the image is carried out using Adaptive Histogram Equalization, followed by this the curvelet Transforms are applied to the equalized image and the curvelet coefficients are obtained. The modifications to the Curvelet transform coefficients are carried out by suppressing all the coefficients of one band. The combined effect of the equalization and the Curvelet Transforms provides a better enhancement to the image. This enhanced image is used for the extraction of the blood vessels. The vessel extraction is done based on thresholding technique and the Kirsch’s templates. It involves spatial filtering of the image using the templates in eight different orientations. The masking of redundant regions in the obtained output image is carried out using boundary techniques. The salt and pepper noise in the image are removed by applying median filtering to the image. Experiments were done using a set of 20 images and have been proved that the algorithm holds good for all the images and blood vessels can be detected effectively.
Pilot Study of Medical-Legal Partnership to Address Social and Legal Needs of Patients

As a preliminary investigation of the effectiveness of medical-legal partnership in pediatrics, we conducted a 36-month prospective cohort study of the impact of clinic- and hospital-based legal services. We hypothesized that integration of legal services into pediatric settings would increase families' awareness of and access to legal and social services, decrease barriers to health care for children, and improve child health. Methods. Health care providers referred families with legal or social needs to the Peninsula Family Advocacy Program (FAP). Results. Fifty four families completed both baseline and six-month follow-up assessments. Comparison of follow-up with baseline demonstrated significantly increased proportions of families who utilized food and income supports and significantly decreased proportions of families avoiding health care due to lack of health insurance or concerns about cost. Two-thirds of respondents reported improved child health and well-being. Conclusions. This study suggests that adding an attorney to the medical team increases awareness of and access to social and legal services.
Necrotizing ANCA-Positive Glomerulonephritis Secondary to Culture-Negative Endocarditis

Infective endocarditis (IE) and small-vessel vasculitis may have similar clinical features, including glomerulonephritis. Furthermore the association between IE and ANCA positivity is well documented, making differential diagnosis between IE- and ANCA-associated vasculitis particularly difficult, especially in case of culture-negative IE. We report on one patient with glomerulonephritis secondary to culture-negative IE caused by Bartonella henselae which illustrates this diagnostic difficulty.
Between naturalness and urbanity, how are protected areas integrated into cities? The case of Helsinki (Finland)

Helsinki boasts numerous protected nature areas with a variety of statuses and objectives, including 52 nature reserves within the metropolitan area and two national parks just outside the city. Given this abundance of protected sites, Helsinki is an excellent example through which to examine nature-conservation policies in the socio-economic and environmental context of northern Europe. How strongly and how directly are these sites integrated into the city’s fabric? The situation in Finland’s capital shows that protection can become a factor in metropolization and that, in some cases, protected areas can be considered components of urbanity. This paper investigates the relationship between urbanity and naturalness by examining how protected areas are used, portrayed and construed. Urban policies and processes, the rhythms of city life and city dwellers’ habits and imaginations shape urban protected areas to such an extent that the urbanity of a city and the naturalness of its protected areas become inseparable. Hence, the “natural” character of these sites combines with their “urban” location in relationships that are usually complex and sometimes paradoxical. More generally, the situation in Helsinki highlights the important roles nature areas can play in shaping a city’s identity and in the process of metropolization.
Learning‐related changes in reward expectancy are reflected in the feedback‐related negativity

The feedback‐related negativity (FRN) has been hypothesized to be linked to reward‐based learning. While many studies have shown that the FRN only occurs in response to unexpected negative outcomes, the relationship between the magnitude of negative prediction errors and FRN amplitude remains a matter of debate. The present study aimed to elucidate this relationship with a new behavioural procedure that allowed subjects to predict precise reward probabilities by learning an explicit rule. Insight into the rule did not only influence subjects' choice behaviour, but also outcome‐related event‐related potentials. After subjects had learned the rule, the FRN amplitude difference between non‐reward and reward mirrored the magnitude of the negative prediction error, i.e. it was larger for less likely negative outcomes. Source analysis linked this effect to the anterior cingulate cortex. P300 amplitude was also modulated by outcome valence and expectancy. It was larger for positive and unexpected outcomes. It remains to be clarified, however, whether the P300 reflects a positive prediction error.
The Effects of Visualization and Interactivity on Calibration in Financial Decision-Making

ABSTRACT: With the increased use of XBRL, financial data are readily available in a universal format, enabling users to dynamically render data with a variety of visual, interactive representations. However, the impact of these interactive visual representations on financial decision-making has received little attention. Further, decision-making research suggests that the presentation of a task (i.e., presentation format) can influence decision-making outcomes such as accuracy, confidence, and the calibration between accuracy and confidence. This study examines how visualization and interactivity affect accuracy, confidence, and calibration in a financial decision-making context. Decision-makers are typically overconfident, and this research proposes that visualization and interactivity provide more informational cues, which can actually further increase overconfidence and reduce calibration in some contexts. An experiment conducted with 157 participants supports the prediction that visualization and inte.
Neurocognitive dysfunction in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder.

OBJECTIVE Although a dysfunctional prefrontal-striatal system is presupposed in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), this is not unequivocally supported by neuropsychological studies. This study aims to study the neurocognitive dysfunctions in OCD patients, compared to controls; to study the variations in neurocognitive deficits with the duration of illness, as well as, the severity of the disease. METHOD Thirty OCD patients were compared with thirty, age and education matched control subjects on computer based tests measuring executive functions, vigilance and spatial working memory. RESULTS OCD patients performed poorly on all the neuro-cognitive parameters as compared to controls. The severity of illness had a positive correlation with poorer performance on CPT. There were no significant correlations between duration of illness and any parameters of cognition. CONCLUSION The results suggest that OCD patients perform significantly worse on cognitive measures than controls. This is consistent with their poorer functional outcome. The results further indicate that on the basis of severity OCD patients are qualitatively distinguishable in neuropsychological terms, given their difference in the profiles of cognitive impairment.
Bistable profile illumination in pulsars B0919+06 and B1859+07

Unusual single-pulse behaviour has been identified in two pulsars, B0919+06 and B1859+07. Both stars normally emit bright subpulses in a region near the trailing edge of their profile. However, they occasionally undergo ‘events’, whereby the emission longitude gradually decreases by about their profile width, remains in this position for typically several tens of pulses, and then gradually returns over a few pulses to the usual longitude. The effect bears some resemblance to a profile ‘mode change’, but here the effect is gradual and episodic. On close inspection, the separate profiles of the normal and ‘event’ in each pulsar emission reveal a broad and complex structure ‐ but one which may be understood in terms of the geometry of a conical beam. Possibly the effect entails an extreme example of variable ‘absorption’ within the magnetosphere, as suspected in other pulsars. Alternatively, it may be caused by intrinsic changes in the emission within the pulsar’s beam.
A fully-abstract semantics of lambda-mu in the pi-calculus

We study the lambda-mu-calculus, extended with explicit substitution, and define a compositional output-based interpretation into a variant of the pi-calculus with pairing that preserves single-step explicit head reduction with respect to weak bisimilarity. We define four notions of weak equivalence for lambda-mu -- one based on weak reduction, two modelling weak head-reduction and weak explicit head reduction (all considering terms without weak head-normal form equivalent as well), and one based on weak approximation -- and show they all coincide. We will then show full abstraction results for our interpretation for the weak equivalences with respect to weak bisimilarity on processes.
Bereday and Hilker: origins of the ‘four steps of comparison’ model

ABSTRACT The article draws attention to the forgotten ancestry of the four steps of comparison model (description – interpretation – juxtaposition – comparison). Comparativists largely attribute this to George Z. F. Bereday [1964. Comparative Method in Education. New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston], but among German scholars, it is mostly attributed to Franz Hilker [1962. Vergleichende Pädagogik. München: Max Hueber]. Who, then, is the rightful author of the model? This article attempts to answer this question. The methodological approaches of the two authors will be compared and contextualised in respect to their academic lives, especially through the 1950s and 1960s. Hilker and Bereday both referred to each other's publications on several occasions, which indicates a close communication between them. In contrast to the Anglophone dominance of scientific journals today, their way of practising comparative education was multilingual. Their cooperation with the nascent national academic associations of those times is also examined. Finally, the epistemological characteristics of the four steps model, including its limitations, and value for the field of comparative education today, are evaluated.
Elastic Force Feedback with a New Multi-finger Haptic Device: The DigiHaptic

This article presents a classification of and comparison between isotonic, isometric and elastic devices. It then introduces the DigiHaptic, a new three degrees of freedom multi-finger force feedback device, and its place in the device classification is proposed. Two notable features of the DigiHaptic are the decoupling of the degrees of freedom and the correlation between fingers and objects movements. Finally two force feedback solutions using the DigiHaptic in elastic mode are proposed for rate control in open and closed workspaces.