Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Dental Implant Systems

Among various dental materials and their successful applications, a dental implant is a good example of the integrated system of science and technology involved in multiple disciplines including surface chemistry and physics, biomechanics, from macro-scale to nano-scale manufacturing technologies and surface engineering. As many other dental materials and devices, there are crucial requirements taken upon on dental implants systems, since surface of dental implants is directly in contact with vital hard/soft tissue and is subjected to chemical as well as mechanical bio-environments. Such requirements should, at least, include biological compatibility, mechanical compatibility, and morphological compatibility to surrounding vital tissues. In this review, based on carefully selected about 500 published articles, these requirements plus MRI compatibility are firstly reviewed, followed by surface texturing methods in details. Normally dental implants are placed to lost tooth/teeth location(s) in adult patients whose skeleton and bony growth have already completed. However, there are some controversial issues for placing dental implants in growing patients. This point has been, in most of dental articles, overlooked. This review, therefore, throws a deliberate sight on this point. Concluding this review, we are proposing a novel implant system that integrates materials science and up-dated surface technology to improve dental implant systems exhibiting bio- and mechano-functionalities.
What Factors Drive the Price-Rent Ratio for the Housing Market? A Modified Present-Value Analysis

We consider which factors determined the price–rent ratio for the housing market in 18 U.S. metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) and at the national level over the period of 1975–2014. Based on a present-value framework, our proposed empirical model separates the price–rent ratio for a given market into unobserved components related to the expected real rent growth and the expected housing return, but is modified from standard present-value analysis by also including a residual component that captures non-stationary deviations of the price–rent ratio from its present-value level. Estimates for the modified present-value model suggest that the present-value residual (PVR) component is always important and sometimes very large at the national and MSA levels, especially for MSAs that have experienced frequent booms and busts in the housing market. In further analysis, we find that house prices in MSAs that have larger PVR components are more sensitive to mortgage rate changes. These are also the MSAs with less elastic housing supply. Also, comparing our results with a recent statistical test for periodically-collapsing bubbles, we find that MSAs with large estimated PVR components are the same MSAs that test positively for explosive sub-periods in their price–rent ratios, especially during the 2005–2007 subsample. Our approach allows us to estimate the correlation between shocks to expected rent growth, the expected housing return, and the PVR component. We find that the expected housing return and movements in the PVR component are highly positively correlated implying an impact of the expected housing return on house prices that is amplified from what a standard present-value model would imply. Our results also show that most of the variation in the present-value component of the price–rent ratio arises due to the variation in the expected housing return.
High performance TCP in ANSNET

This report concentrates on specific requirements and goals of the research networks supported by ANSNET, but applies to any TCP dominated high speed WAN and in particular those striving to support high speed end-to-end flows. Measurements have been made under conditions intended to better understand performance barriers imposed by network equipment queueing capacities and queue drop strategies.The IBM RS/6000 based routers currently supporting ANSNET performed very well in these tests. Measurements have been made with the current software and performance enhanced software. Single TCP flows are able to achieve 40 Mb/s and competing multiple TCP flows achieve over 41 Mb/s link utilization on 44.7 Mb/s DS3 links with delays comparable to US cross continent ANSNET delays. Congestion collapse is demonstrated with intentionally reduced queueing capacity and using window sizes much larger than optimal.A variation of Floyd and Jacobson's Random Early Detection (RED) algorithm [1] is tested. Performance improved with the use of RED for tests involving multiple flows. With RED and queueing capacity at or above the delay bandwidth product, congestion collapse is avoided, allowing the maximum window size to safely be set arbitrarily high.Queueing capacity greater than or equal to the delay bandwidth product and RED are recommended. RED provides performance improvement in all but the single flow case, but cannot substitute for adequate queueing capacity, particularly if high speed flows are to be supported.
An introductory reading on giftedness in children: A report prepared as part of the NIAS Gifted Education Project

Giftedness, or the existence of remarkable natural talents, is believed to occur once in every hundred individuals, and exceptional giftedness once in every ten thousand as per current definitions. The phenomenon of giftedness has caught the attention of psychologists, pedagogists, educationists and neuroscientists from the from the mid-19th to the 20th centuries. Giftedness research is the basis of various specially developed tests and programmes the world over. These tests and programmes are intended to identify gifted children and to encourage them to develop their talents and realize their potential, as well as to handle the social and emotional issues that may arise from their differentness. Giftedness has been defined in many ways, pointing to the complexities associated with its identification. Inevitably, special programmes for the gifted draw as much criticism as applause, triggering debates on elitism vs. equity in education. The present review of literature of giftedness research attempts to outline the phenomenon of giftedness in children in its various manifestations, the methods of evaluation and tests in current use, the need for gifted programmes and their efficacy, the developmental trajectory of giftedness, the social and emotional issues accompanying giftedness, and the impact of the socio-cultural, educational internation options for gifted children are also discussed.
Emotional Intelligence, Job Satisfaction and Librarians' Performance

This paper investigates how moods or feelings of librarians can contribute to the effective discharge of their traditional roles in the library system. Maslow's theory of human needs, concept of job satisfaction, and emotional intelligence are explained. Relationship between job satisfaction and job performance, correlation between emotional intelligence and job performance of librarians are reviewed. The paper established the fact that library contributes immensely to the literary growth and overall development of anyone that uses its collections. Therefore, librarians are not machines their psychological needs and feelings are to be catered for in order to enhance their optimal productivity. The paper postulates some factors that could contribute to the job satisfaction of librarians and shows how their emotions could relatively be managed so as to enhance their productivity.
Moderation of Enterprise Social Networks - A Literature Review from a Corporate Perspective

The implementation of internal social collaboration technologies confronts corporations with new challenges. Former unidirectional information flows become multidirectional and usercontent driven networks. Prior research describes the successful implementation as a challenging management task with employees’ usage at the center of attention. Consequently, corporations need to select a moderation style to encourage the usage. The degree of corporate engagement might have repercussions on the contribution behavior. We conduct a structured literature review to identify pre-existing IS contributions to the moderation phenomenon in social media tools, which help to explain on how to moderate these communication platforms in the enterprise context. We reviewed over 150 articles on the subject and assessed 31 articles in depth on the degree of corporate engagement and user content encouragement. We analyze the identified literature for gaps in understanding the phenomenon and provide a first assessment of three different moderation approaches and give implication for future research.
Adnexal torsion in children and adolescents: new trends to conservative surgical approach – Our experience and review of literature

The purpose of this study is to discuss the surgical treatment for ovarian torsion in children and adolescents with a focus on the procedures of adnexal conservation surgery and its frequency in the literature of the last 10 years. We retrospectively reviewed the medical charts of 127 operative ovarian lesions including 30 ovarian torsions (23.6%) treated in two pediatric centers over a 10-year period. Age at presentation, presenting symptoms, diagnostic studies, surgical procedure and pathological findings were analyzed. Mean age was 13.7 years. Conservative surgery has been performed in 46.7% of the cases and laparoscopic approach in 40%. Ovarian torsion occurred in 56.7% on ovaries with functional lesion, in 23.3% on normal adnexa and in 20% on ovaries with benign neoplasm. The article includes a literature review (2000–2010) and a statistical analysis which shows a slow increase in conservative surgery from 28 to 45%. Laparoscopic surgery accounts for 23.5%. Literature review shows 40.5% normal adnexa, 33.2% non-neoplastic lesions, 25.3% benign neoplasms and 1% malignant neoplasms. The surgical treatment of children and adolescents presenting adnexal torsion should be practiced as an emergency and it should be more conservative as possible in order to maximize the future reproductive potential.
Voices’ use of gender, race and other social categories to undermine female voice-hearers: Implications for incorporating intersectionality within CBT for psychosis

Great strides have been made in understanding the impact of social inequality on the risk of developing psychotic experiences. However, little is known about the influence of intersecting social categories such as gender, race and class on the experience and expression of psychotic phenomena. Intersectionality, a framework recently advanced in psychology, examines the joint impact of multiple forms of marginalisation on well-being. We adopted this approach to develop a codebook and analyse the voice content of 44 women diagnosed with schizophrenia for the ways in which social categories are used to undermine and/or affirm voice-hearers. Over half of the sample included women with ethnic-minority status. The coding system was reliable. Gendered conditions of worth were used by voices to undermine by far the majority (40) of women and racialised conditions of worth over half (14) the ethnic-minority women. We conclude that voice content often reflects social categories and structural inequalities in society and discuss implications for CBT for psychosis when working with women of majority and ethnic-minority statuses.
Sorry Dave, I'm Afraid I Can't Do That: Explaining Unachievable Robot Tasks Using Natural Language

Abstract : This paper addresses the challenge of enabling non-expert users to command robots to perform complex highleveltasks using natural language. It describes an integrated system that combines the power of formalmethods with the accessibility of natural language, providing correct-by-construction controllers for high-levelspecifications that can be implemented, and easy-to-understand feedback to the user on those that cannot be achieved.This is among the first works to close this feedback loop, enabling users to interact with the robot in order to identifya succinct cause of failure and obtain the desired controller. The supported language and logical capabilities areillustrated using examples involving a robot assistant in a hospital.
Positive Coombs Test in Pneumococcus-Associated Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

Accessible online at: http://BioMedNet.com/karger Dear Sir, Most cases of hemolytic uremic syndrome follow an acute diarrhea prodrome caused by shigatoxin-producing strains of Escherichia coli or Shigella dysenteriae type 1 [1]. Invasive infections with Streptococcus pneumoniae that produces neuraminidase are a rare but well recognized cause of hemolytic uremic syndrome without diarrhea prodrome [1]. The Thomsen-Friedenreich cryptantigen, which is a part of the surface structure of red blood cells, platelets and glomerular endothelial cells and normally hidden by neuraminic acid, plays a substantial role in the pathogenesis of hemolytic uremic syndrome caused by pneumococci. Pneumococcal neuraminidase removes neuraminic acid from the cell surface and exposes the ThomsenFriedenreich cryptantigen to IgM antibodies against the mentioned antigen. Consequently, antigen-antibody interaction causes the manifestations of hemolytic uremic syndrome [1]. Not surprisingly, therefore, the direct Coombs test, which detects a coating of antibodies or components of complement on the red blood cell surface, has been reported to be positive in hemolytic uremic syndrome caused by pneumococci. At least 39 pediatric cases of pneumococcus-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome have been described since 1974 in 21 reports [2– 22]. They were 18 boys and 14 girls (in 11 cases no information on sex was available), ranging in age from 3 to 30, median 13 months. The direct Coombs test was found to be positive in 16 of the 18 patients (89%) with this examination. To our knowledge the direct Coombs test was not performed in the remaining cases. Early diagnosis of S. pneumoniae-associated hemolytic uremic syndrome is of paramount importance because transfusion with blood products containing plasma can worsen the disorder due to the presence of donor IgM antibodies against the Thomsen-Friedenreich cryptantigen [1]. In conclusion, the present study of the literature indicates that the direct Coombs test is a practical diagnostic tool in children with hemolytic uremic syndrome without diarrhea prodrome. Moreover, it is tempting to assume that the direct Coombs test can be useful to early detect hemolytic uremic syndrome in the context of invasive pneumococcal disease. A further consideration would be to routinely use washed blood products for any transfusion in patients with systemic pneumococcal infection. References
Iodine-123-beta-CIT and iodine-123-FPCIT SPECT measurement of dopamine transporters in healthy subjects and Parkinson's patients.

UNLABELLED Iodine-123-beta-carbomethoxy-3 beta-(4-iodophenyltropane) (CIT) has been used as a probe of dopamine transporters in Parkinson's disease patients using SPECT. This tracer has a protracted period of striatal uptake enabling imaging 14-24 hr postinjection for stable quantitative measures of dopamine transporters, and it binds with nanomolar affinity to the serotonin transporter. Iodine-123 fluoropropyl (FP)CIT is an analog of [123I]-beta-CIT and has been shown to achieve peak tracer uptake in the brain within hours postinjection and to provide greater selectivity for the dopamine transporter. The purpose of the present study was to compare [123I]-beta-CIT with [123I]-FPCIT in a within-subject design. METHODS Six Parkinson's disease patients and five healthy control subjects participated in one [123I]-beta-CIT and one [123I]-FPCIT SPECT scan separated by 7-21 days. Controls were imaged at 24 hr postinjection 222 MBq (6 mCi) [123I]-beta-CIT and serially from 1-6 hr postinjection 333 MBq (9 mCi) [123I]-FPCIT. Two imaging outcome measures were evaluated: (a) the ratio of specific striatal activity to nondisplaceable uptake, also designated V"3, at each imaging time point; and (b) the rate of striatal washout of radiotracer expressed as a percent reduction per hr for [123I]-FPCIT. In addition, venous plasma was obtained from the five control subjects after the [123I]-FPCIT injection for analysis of radiometabolites. RESULTS Both [123I]-FPCIT and [123I]-beta-CIT demonstrated decreased striatal uptake in Parkinson's disease patients compared with the controls with a mean of V"3=3.5 and 6.7 for [123I]-beta-CIT (Parkinson's disease and controls, respectively) and a mean of V"3=1.34 and 3.70 for [123I]-FPCIT (Parkinson's disease and controls, respectively). For [123I]-beta-CIT, the mean Parkinson's disease values represented 52% of the control uptake, while the mean [123I]-FPCIT value for Parkinson's disease patients was 37% of the control values. Analysis of [123I]-FPCIT time-activity curves for specific striatal counts showed washout rates of 8.2%/hr for Parkinson's disease and 4.9%/hr for controls. CONCLUSION These data suggest that SPECT imaging with [123I]-FPCIT visually demonstrates reductions in striatal uptake similar to [123I]-beta-CIT. iodine-123-FPCIT washed out from striatal tissue 15-20 times faster than [123I]-beta-CIT, and estimates of dopamine transporter loss in Parkinson's disease patients were higher for [123I]-FPCIT than for [123I]-beta-CIT. This was most likely due to the faster rate of striatal washout and establishment of transient equilibrium binding conditions at the dopamine transporter, which the modeling theory suggests produces an overestimation of dopamine transporter density with relatively greater overestimates in healthy control subjects by [123I]-FPCIT.
P. aeruginosa Lipopolysaccharide-Induced MUC5AC and CLCA3 Expression Is Partly through Duox1 In Vitro and In Vivo

Background We have previously found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in Pseudomonas aeruginosa lipopolysaccharide (PA-LPS) induced MUC5AC in airway epithelial cells. Dual oxidase1 (Duox1), a member of NADPH oxidase(Nox), is known to be responsible for ROS production in respiratory tract epithelial cells. Our aim was to clarify whether Duox1 was also involved in the PA-LPS-induced MUC5AC and calcium dependent chloride channel 3(Clca3), another recognized marker of goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus hyper-production. Methods PA-LPS-induced Duox1 mRNA levels were examined in A549 cells, primary mouse tracheal epithelial cells (mTECS) and lung tissues of mice. Nox inhibitors diphenyleneiodonium chloride (DPI) and Duox1 siRNA were used to investigate whether Duox1 is involved in PA-LPS-induced MUC5AC and Clca3 expression both in vitro and in vivo. Results Duox1 is induced by PA-LPS in A549 cells, primary mTECs and lung tissues of mice. DPI significantly inhibited PA-LPS-induced up-regulation of Duox1, Muc5ac and Clca3 in primary mouse trachea epithelial cells and lung tissues of mice. Knockdown of Duox1 markedly inhibited PA-LPS-induced MUC5AC expression via a ROS-TGF-α cascade in A549 cells. Furthermore, DPI significantly inhibited PA-LPS-induced increases in inflammatory cells accumulated in mouse lungs. Conclusions We demonstrate for the first time that PA-LPS-induced MUC5AC and Clca3 expression is partly through Duox1, and provide supportive evidence for Duox1 as a potential target in treatments of mucin over-production diseases.
The Reliability of Endoscopic Biopsies in Assessing HER2 Status in Gastric and Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer: A Study Comparing Biopsies with Surgical Samples.

AIM The aim of this study is to validate the accuracy of HER2 assessment on biopsies by comparing matched biopsy/surgical material from the same patients. METHODS HER2 status was evaluated by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in 103 cases of gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancers in coupled biopsy and surgical material. RESULT Complete concordance between IHC and FISH results on biopsy versus surgical samples was noted in 80% and 95% of cases, respectively. At comprehensive comparison, including IHC and FISH data on biopsy and surgical samples, 89% of biopsies were predictive of HER2 status in surgical samples, whereas 11% showed variable inconsistencies. The majority of these (10 of 12 cases) showed IHC score 0/1+ on biopsy but were all IHC positive and amplified at surgery; in particular, three (3 of 35; 8.5%) IHC score 0 and four (4 of 16; 25%) IHC score 1+ cases were FISH amplified on biopsy material also, whereas the remaining three cases were FISH non-amplified on biopsy. The percentage of cases, which were FISH amplified with IHC score 1+ or 2+ on biopsies, were similar (25% and 33%, respectively) and they also shared a similar grade of amplification. These data suggest that both IHC score 1+ and 2+ on biopsy material represent "equivocal cases" that may merit further investigation. CONCLUSIONS The predictive value of HER2 IHC in biopsies is high. FISH analysis should be considered for IHC score 2+ and 1+ biopsy cases. Approximately 8% of cases will not be accurately predicted by biopsy evaluation.
Patterns of Intracellular Calcium Oscillations in Horse Oocytes Fertilized by Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection: Possible Explanations for the Low Success of This Assisted Reproduction Technique in the Horse1

Abstract In all species studied, fertilization induces intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) oscillations required for oocyte activation and embryonic development. This species-specific pattern has not been studied in the equine, partly due to the difficulties linked to in vitro fertilization in this species. Therefore, the objective of this study was to use intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) to investigate fertilization-induced [Ca2+]i signaling and, possibly, ascertain problems linked to the success of this technology in the horse. In vivo- and in vitro-matured mare oocytes were injected with a single motile stallion sperm. Few oocytes displayed [Ca2+]i responses regardless of oocyte source and we hypothesized that this may result from insufficient release of the sperm-borne active molecule (sperm factor) into the oocyte. However, permeabilization of sperm membranes with Triton-X or by sonication did not alleviate the deficient [Ca2+]i responses in mare oocytes. Thus, we hypothesized that a step downstream of release, possibly required for sperm factor function, is not appropriately accomplished in horse oocytes. To test this, ICSI-fertilized horse oocytes were fused to unfertilized mouse oocytes, which are known to respond with [Ca2+]i oscillations to injection of stallion sperm, and [Ca2+]i monitoring was performed. Such pairs consistently displayed [Ca2+]i responses demonstrating that the sperm factor is appropriately released into the ooplasm of horse oocytes, but that these are unable to activate and/or provide the appropriate substrate that is required for the sperm factor delivered by ICSI to initiate oscillations. These findings may have implications to improve the success of ICSI in the equine and other livestock species.
Adriamycin nephropathy: A model of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

Adriamycin nephropathy (AN) is a rodent model of chronic kidney disease that has been studied extensively and has enabled a greater understanding of the processes underlying the progression of chronic proteinuric renal disease. AN is characterized by podocyte injury followed by glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis. Genetic studies have demonstrated a number of loci that alter both risk and severity of renal injury induced by Adriamycin. Adriamycin‐induced renal injury has been shown in numerous studies to be modulated by both non‐immune and immune factors, and has facilitated further study of mechanisms of tubulointerstitial injury. This review will outline the pharmacological behaviour of Adriamycin, and describe in detail the model of AN, including its key structural characteristics, genetic susceptibility and pathogenesis.