Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Home-School Dissonance and Student-Teacher Interaction as Predictors of School Attachment among Urban Middle Level Students

Abstract The middle level years continue to be of significant concern to educational stakeholders, policymakers, theorists, and researchers. Chief among this concern is the degree to which middle level students adapt to the middle level climate and eventually begin to feel attached to or a sense of belonging at their school. The research literature has identified student-teacher interactions as a leading factor that promotes school attachment and corresponding adaptive behaviors, including academic success. The purpose of this study is to investigate the associations between middle level students’ perceptions of home-school dissonance and reports of school attachment. Seven hundred and seventy-six middle level students participated in the research. Using the Questionnaire of Teacher Interaction (Brekelmans, Wubbels, & Creton, 1990) and a measure of home-school dissonance (Arunkumar, Midgley, & Urdan, 1999), results show that both were significant predictors of school attachment, as measured by the School Attachment Questionnaire (Mouton, Dewitt, & Glazier, 1993). Study limitations and implications along with recommendations for future research are discussed.
Mitochondrial movement and positioning in axons: the role of growth factor signaling

SUMMARY The extreme length of axonal processes requires that aerobic ATP production and Ca2+ homeostasis are non-uniformly organized in the cytoplasm. As a result, the transport and positioning of mitochondria along axons is essential for neuronal homeostasis. Mitochondria undergo rapid but intermittent transport in both the anterograde and retrograde directions in axons. We have shown that in chick embryonic sensory neurons, the transport of mitochondria responds to physiological changes in the cell and, particularly, to growth cone activity. When an axon is actively elongating, mitochondria move preferentially anterograde and then become stationary, accumulating in the region of the active growth cone. When axonal elongation ceases, mitochondria in the distal axon resume movement but undergo net retrograde transport and become uniformly distributed along the axon. This redistribution of mitochondria is achieved in two ways: there is a transition between motile and stationary mitochondria and a large up- and downregulation of their anterograde, but not retrograde, motor activity. Mitochondrial transport does not respond to the experimentally induced elongation of axons in the absence of an active growth cone, implying that signals from the active growth cone regulate transport. To determine the nature of these signals, we have focally stimulated the shafts of sensory axons in culture with nerve growth factor (NGF) covalently conjugated to polystyrene beads. We find that mitochondria accumulate at regions of focal NGF stimulation. This response is specific to mitochondria and does not result from general disruption of the cytoskeleton in the region of stimulation. Disruption of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) pathway, one of the signaling pathways downstream from NGF–receptor binding, completely eliminates NGF effects on mitochondrial behavior in axons. We propose that mitochondrial transport and/or docking are regulated in part via NGF/TrkA/PI 3-kinase signaling.
Season of Sampling and Season of Birth Influence Serotonin Metabolite Levels in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid

Background Animal studies have revealed seasonal patterns in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) monoamine (MA) turnover. In humans, no study had systematically assessed seasonal patterns in CSF MA turnover in a large set of healthy adults. Methodology/Principal Findings Standardized amounts of CSF were prospectively collected from 223 healthy individuals undergoing spinal anesthesia for minor surgical procedures. The metabolites of serotonin (5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, 5-HIAA), dopamine (homovanillic acid, HVA) and norepinephrine (3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol, MPHG) were measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Concentration measurements by sampling and birth dates were modeled using a non-linear quantile cosine function and locally weighted scatterplot smoothing (LOESS, span = 0.75). The cosine model showed a unimodal season of sampling 5-HIAA zenith in April and a nadir in October (p-value of the amplitude of the cosine = 0.00050), with predicted maximum (PCmax) and minimum (PCmin) concentrations of 173 and 108 nmol/L, respectively, implying a 60% increase from trough to peak. Season of birth showed a unimodal 5-HIAA zenith in May and a nadir in November (p = 0.00339; PCmax = 172 and PCmin = 126). The non-parametric LOESS showed a similar pattern to the cosine in both season of sampling and season of birth models, validating the cosine model. A final model including both sampling and birth months demonstrated that both sampling and birth seasons were independent predictors of 5-HIAA concentrations. Conclusion In subjects without mental illness, 5-HT turnover shows circannual variation by season of sampling as well as season of birth, with peaks in spring and troughs in fall.
Lensing by Lyman-Limit Systems: Determining the Mass-to-Gas Ratio

We present a new method for determining the total mass-to-neutral gas ratio ϒH I in Lyman-limit absorption systems. The method exploits the relation between the neutral hydrogen column density and the magnification of background sources due to weak gravitational lensing by these systems. Since weak lensing does not measure the mass directly, this relation must be inverted in a statistical sense to solve for the average ϒH I and its distribution. We demonstrate the feasibility of this approach by using a detailed mock catalog of quasars (sources) and Lyman-limit systems (lenses) and by showing our ability to recover the parameter ϒH I. This mock catalog also allows us to check for systematics in the method and to sketch its limitations. For a universal constant ϒH I and a sample of nQSO quasars, we obtain an unbiased estimate of ϒH I with 95% confidence levels of ±140(105/nQSO)1/2, where the error bars are independent of ϒH I.
Constitutional Mismatch Repair Deficiency Syndrome

Almost all people with CMMRD syndrome develop cancer before age 18, generally in late childhood. The age of diagnosis varies depending on the cancer type; brain cancers, leukemia, and lymphomas tend to occur at younger ages than colorectal cancer in people with CMMRD syndrome. It is estimated that 20 to 40 percent of people with CMMRD syndrome who develop cancer will develop another cancer later in life.
Analysis of Handover over WLAN for VoIP

The growing use of smartphones has allowed users to handle multiple networks in a small equipment, but in VoIP services with QoS, the mobility is limited to the cell network operator although a WiFi service could offer that kind of service. The Handover process means real mobility for users on wireless LAN networks in an automatic method for association within a correlated wireless system. This paper shows a brief overview on handover proposed schemes and gives a description about QoS required for VoIP with the schemes that reduce the effect caused by the handover process in WLAN.
The Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey parent population – I. Sample selection and number counts

We present the selection of the Jodrell Bank Flat-spectrum (JBF) radio source sample, which is designed to reduce the uncertainties in the Cosmic Lens All-Sky Survey (CLASS) gravitational lensing statistics arising from the lack of knowledge about the parent population luminosity function. From observations at 4.86 GHz with the Very Large Array, we have selected a sample of 117 flat-spectrum radio sources with flux densities greater than 5 mJy. These sources were selected in a similar manner to the CLASS complete sample and are therefore representative of the parent population at low flux densities. The vast majority (∼90 per cent) of the JBF sample are found to be compact on the arcsec scales probed here and show little evidence of any extended radio jet emission. Using the JBF and CLASS complete samples, we find the differential number counts slope of the parent population above and below the CLASS 30-mJy flux density limit to be −2.07 ± 0.02 and −1.96 ± 0.12, respectively.
Cortical auditory evoked magnetic fields in patients suffering from sensorineural hearing loss

The M100 wave representing a robust component of cortical Auditory Evoked Magnetic Fields (AEFs) is used to localize neuronal activation in the primary auditory cortex for a long time in neurophysiological research and with increasing importance also in clinical research [1-4]. Changes of location, orientation and strenght of equivalent current dipoles (ECD) are considered being correlated to changing physical parameters of the stimulus as well as specific pathological disorders [2,3]. However, the influence of defined types of periphere hearing loss was investigated not as intensive. The presented study is performed to evaluate wether partial hearing loss of different genesis leads to considerable aberrations in the dipole parameters, especially of the M100 component, possibly reflecting adaptive central reorganization processes.
Pneumocystosis in a domestic goat.

McCONNELL, E. E. , BASSON, P. A. & PIENAAR, J. G. Pneumocystosis in a domestic goat. Onderstep oort ]. vet. Res., 38 (2), 117-126 (1971). A fatal case of an infection by the parasite, Pneumocystis carinii Delanoe & Delanoe, 1914, is described in a young domestic goat. The disease was manifested as a severe diffuse interstitial pneumonitis accompanied by filling of the alveolar air spaces by large numbers of organisms. Light and electron microscopic studtes revealed the parasite to be identical to previously described cases in man and other animals. This is apparently the first case recognized in an animal in Africa.
Stable Discrete-Time Impedances for Haptic Systems With Vibration Modes and Delay

The stability of haptic rendering is affected by many factors that limit the range of impedances that can be applied to virtual objects. This paper addresses the effect of the vibration modes of the haptic interface on the stability of the impedance control loop. It is well known that experimental stability boundaries present complex shapes, making it difficult to predict the final Z-width of the haptic system. This paper shows how the vibration modes of the mechanical interface highly affect the size of the Z-width, causing a sudden reduction in the critical virtual stiffness K if the virtual damping B is increased beyond a certain value. The inclusion of the most significant vibration modes in the theoretical model of the haptic system-together with the viscous damping, time delay and sampling rate-makes it possible to obtain the stable impedances associated with the haptic device. A PHANToM Premium 1.0 haptic interface was used as a test bed to validate this paper. Although results have been tested only on this device, this paper proposes a methodology for obtaining the Z-width that can be generalized for any other haptic system.
Hausdorff measures and two point set extensions

We investigate the following question: under which conditions is a σcompact partial two point set contained in a two point set? We show that no reasonable measure or capacity (when applied to the set itself) can provide a sufficient condition for a compact partial two point set to be extendable to a two point set. On the other hand, we prove that under Martin’s Axiom any σ-compact partial two point set such that its square has Hausdorff 1-measure zero is extendable.
The Sport Participation–Social Class Relationship: Some Recent Youth Sport Participation Data

While there appears to be valid evidence to support the notion that sport participation is related to social class, such a relationship has not been clearly and directly demonstrated to exist among youth. Consequently, data from two studies that specifically investigated the potential relationship between formal youth sport participation and social class background are reported. The findings indicate that regardless of social class background, male youth participate in sport to an equal extent whereas female youth from lower social class backgrounds tend to participate in sport to a lesser degree than do their upper-class counterparts. Several explanations for these somewhat unexpected findings are offered, including the possibility of a diminishing relationship between sport participation and social class background. The multiple hierarchy notion of stratification is offered as a theoretical model in which to couch the major finding that sport participation appears to be stratified along social class lin.
Partial baroreceptor dysfunction and low plasma nitric oxide bioavailability as determinants of salt-sensitive hypertension: a reverse translational rat study

This study determined whether clinical salt-sensitive hypertension (cSSHT) results from the interaction between partial arterial baroreceptor impairment and a high-sodium (HNa) diet. In three series (S-I, S-II, S-III), mean arterial pressure (MAP) of conscious male Wistar ChR003 rats was measured once before (pdMAP) and twice after either sham (SHM) or bilateral aortic denervation (AD), following 7 days on a low-sodium (LNa) diet (LNaMAP) and then 21 days on a HNa diet (HNaMAP). The roles of plasma nitric oxide bioavailability (pNOB), renal medullary superoxide anion production (RMSAP), and mRNA expression of NAD(P)H oxidase and superoxide dismutase were also assessed. In SHM (n=11) and AD (n=15) groups of S-I, LNaMAP-pdMAP was 10.5±2.1 vs 23±2.1 mmHg (P<0.001), and the salt-sensitivity index (SSi; HNaMAP−LNaMAP) was 6.0±1.9 vs 12.7±1.9 mmHg (P=0.03), respectively. In the SHM group, all rats were normotensive, and 36% were salt sensitive (SSi≥10 mmHg), whereas in the AD group ∼50% showed cSSHT. A 45% reduction in pNOB (P≤0.004) was observed in both groups in dietary transit. RMSAP increased in the AD group on both diets but more so on the HNa diet (S-II, P<0.03) than on the LNa diet (S-III, P<0.04). MAP modeling in rats without a renal hypertensive genotype indicated that the AD*HNa diet interaction (P=0.008) increases the likelihood of developing cSSHT. Translationally, these findings help to explain why subjects with clinical salt-sensitive normotension may transition to cSSHT.
Do accretion discs regulate the rotation of young stars

We present a photometric study of I-band variability in the young cluster IC 348. The main purpose of the study was to identify periodic stars. In all, we find 50 periodic stars, of which 32 were previously unknown. For the first time in IC 348, we discover periods in significant numbers of lower-mass stars (M 0.25 M⊙) showing a bi-modal period distribution concentrated around periods of 2 and 8 d, and the lower-mass stars showing a uni-modal distribution, heavily biased towards fast rotators. Closer inspection of the period distribution shows that the higher-mass stars show a significant dearth of fast rotators, compared to the ONC, whilst the low-mass stars are rotating significantly faster than those in Orion. We find no correlation between rotation period and K–L colour or Hα equivalent width. We also present a discussion of our own IC 348 data in the context of previously published period distributions for the ONC, the Orion flanking fields and NGC 2264. We find that the previously claimed correlation between infrared excess and rotation period in the ONC might, in fact, result from a correlation between infrared excess and mass. We also find a marked difference in period distributions between NGC 2264 and IC 348, which presents a serious challenge to the disc-locking paradigm, given the similarity in ages and disc fractions between the two clusters.
Precedents of perceived social support: Personality, early life experiences and gender

Abstract The perception of social support may be a trait‐like construct stemming from the current personality and early environment as well as a summation of the actual support perceived. A total of 220 community individuals were examined for the effects of Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) items and early life experience at home and outside on the number of sources of perceived social support and satisfaction with that support. High extraversion and low neuroticism scores of the EPQ were correlated with the availability of support only in women, while high maternal care and low maternal overprotection in childhood were correlated with the satisfaction with support only in men. Availability of support was also correlated with some types of early life events. The quantity and quality of perception of social support differ in their links to personality and early environment, and may be, to some extent, explainable in terms of them.
‘It's not over until it's over’: self and dyadic regulation and wellbeing when facing a blocked parenthood goal

Parenthood is a major life-goal that the majority of the population ultimately aims to achieve. Unfortunately, some individuals are not able to achieve parenthood when they desire to. This can happen for reasons related with the postponement of parenthood beyond the optimal biological period to achieve it and/or infertility. In these situations the parenthood goal becomes blocked. The studies presented in this thesis aimed to investigate how people self-regulate when experiencing such a blocked parenthood goal. More specifically, theories of developmental regulation claim that when facing a blocked goal individuals are expected (1) to experience poor wellbeing and (2) to disengage from the goal and reengage in alternative goals; (3) the use of goal disengagement and reengagement strategies is then expected to result in better wellbeing. This thesis directly tests these predictions. Dyadic approaches of regulation were also investigated in an exploratory way. Overall, results provided weak support for the predictions made by developmental regulation theories. People facing a blocked parenthood goal did not want to disengage from it and only reengaged in alternative life-goals if doing so did not interfere with the pursuit of parenthood. Additionally, in general, disengagement from parenthood did not seem to have benefits for wellbeing. However, in line with predictions, the experience of a blocked parenthood goal was associated with poor wellbeing and reengaging in alternative goals had wellbeing benefits. At the dyadic level, the decision to continue treatment as long as opportunities were not exhausted was predetermined and couples neither communicated about it, nor updated this decision after experiencing a treatment failure. These results suggest that health professionals should ensure that the true chances of achieving pregnancy are clearly communicated to patients as they often intend to invest in the parenthood goal until the opportunities are absolutely exhausted. Based on the work presented here, more studies aimed at testing developmental regulation theories in the context of parenthood goal should opt to use longitudinal designs and integrate dyadic processes of regulation.
Neuroscientific Evidence About the Distinction Between Short- and Long-Term Memory

What have neuroscientific techniques contributed to the development of psychological theory about short- and long-term memory? We argue that the contributions have been varied: In some cases, data about brain mechanisms have been vital to the advancement of psychological theory; in other cases, neuroscientific data and behavioral data from normal participants have made equal contributions; and in yet other cases, the data from neuroscientific approaches have actually led psychological theory astray. We illustrate these various contributions by focusing on the relationship of short- to long-term memory.
High-Temperature Dielectric Properties of Aluminum Nitride Ceramic for Wireless Passive Sensing Applications

The accurate characterization of the temperature-dependent permittivity of aluminum nitride (AlN) ceramic is quite critical to the application of wireless passive sensors for harsh environments. Since the change of the temperature-dependent permittivity will vary the ceramic-based capacitance, which can be converted into the change of the resonant frequency, an LC resonator, based on AlN ceramic, is prepared by the thick film technology. The dielectric properties of AlN ceramic are measured by the wireless coupling method, and discussed within the temperature range of 12 °C (room temperature) to 600 °C. The results show that the extracted relative permittivity of ceramic at room temperature is 2.3% higher than the nominal value of 9, and increases from 9.21 to 10.79, and the quality factor Q is decreased from 29.77 at room temperature to 3.61 at 600 °C within the temperature range.
Protective Effects of Nano-Zno on the Primary Culture Mice Intestinal Epithelial Cells in in vitro Against Oxidative Injury

Nano-ZnO is a new products which may used to be feed resources. The aim of this study was to exam whether nano-ZnO is able to protect cell integrity from potential damage by free-radical oxidative injury. A 3×3 factorial experiment was used to investigate the interaction between particle diameter (15, 50 and 100 nm) and concentration (0.4, 1.6 and 6.4 µg mL ) of the primary culture mice intestinal epithelium cell (IEC) in in vitro. -1 The results indicated that the all the nano-ZnO groups MTT OD value were significantly higher than the perhydrol group (P 0.05). The MDA content in all the nano-ZnO groups were decreased significant (P 0.05). The results showed that nano-ZnO released the IEC oxidative injury.
Different but equal? A developmental analysis of variability in adolescents' understandings of social justice

Coming of age in an increasingly diverse social world, contemporary youth must make sense of the complexities of social differences and the disparities that exist between privileged and marginalized groups. This mixed methods study had two main objectives: (1) to examine adolescents’ understandings of social justice through their social awareness and perspective taking in the areas of racism, sexism, and classism; and (2) to assess whether these understandings varied as a function of cognitive (critical thinking, moral judgment) and affective (empathy) skills. Ninety-eight adolescents in Grades 9 and 12, evenly divided by sex, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status, completed a questionnaire measuring their awareness of social (in)justice in society at large and also participated in a semi-structured interview designed to assess their perspective-taking in hypothetical peer conflicts depicting these problems. Results showed that adolescents were moderately aware of social injustice overall, demonstrating greatest awareness of classism and least awareness of sexism. Qualitative analyses of interview responses revealed five levels of perspective taking, signifying increasingly mature interpretations of group differences. On average, participants assumed a `nominal` perspective that was naïve to social disparities and emphasized concerns about ‘equality’ over ‘equity’.