Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
in metazoans Definition of global and transcript-specific mRNA export pathways data

data Supplementary http://www.genesdev. org/cgi/content/full/gad.1616008/DC1 "Supplemental Research Data" References http://www.genesdev. org/cgi/content/full/22/1/66#References This article cites 71 articles, 38 of which can be accessed free at: service Email alerting click here top right corner of the article or Receive free email alerts when new articles cite this article sign up in the box at the
Effect on Body Weight of Replacing Dietary Fat with Olestra for Two or Ten Weeks in Healthy Men and Women

Objective: To examine in two separate studies the effects of replacing dietary fat with Olestra on body composition and weight change in healthy young men and women. Methods: Ten healthy, lean young men participated in Study One that was a 22-day single blind, within-subject design. After a control diet (40% fat) for eight days Study One subjects received an Olestra-substituted diet (31% metabolizable fat) for 14 days. Study Two was a randomized parallel-arm clinical trial with 15 healthy, lean and overweight young women. These subjects were randomly assigned to receive a control diet (40% fat), an Olestra-containing diet (31% metabolizable fat) or a reduced-fat diet (31% fat) for 10 weeks. All foods were provided to the subjects, and energy intakes were not restricted. The primary endpoint in both studies was change from baseline in body weight. In Study Two, body composition was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry. In both studies, food intake and nutrient compensation were assessed. Results: In Study One fat substitution by Olestra resulted in a significant 1.7 kg weight loss from baseline. In Study Two, change in body weight and body fat from baseline were statistically significant in all groups, but the group with Olestra lost significantly more weight from baseline (−5.0 kg) than the other two groups. In Study One there was partial compensation for the decreased energy intake, while in Study Two, compensation was seen only for those on the reduced-fat diet. Conclusion: Replacement of ⅓ of dietary fat with Olestra in periods of up to 10 weeks results in weight loss in men and women.
High Performance Pattern Recognition on GPU

The pattern recognition (PR) process uses a large number of labelled patterns and compute intensive algorithms. Several components of a PR process are compute and data intensive. Some algorithms compute the parameters required for classification directly for each test pattern using a large training set. Most algorithms have a training step, the results of which are used by a computationally cheap classification step. In this paper, we present high-performance pattern recognition algorithms using a commodity Graphics Processing Unit (GPU). Our algorithms exploit the high-performance SIMD architecture of GPU. We specifically study the Parzen windows scheme for density estimation and the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) scheme for training and classification in this paper. We present fast implementations of these on a NVIDIA 8800 GTX GPU. Our implementation of Parzen windows can simultaneously estimate probability values for 1K test patterns in about 14ms based on an input data set of 16K patterns. Our ANN can run an epoch of batch-training on the NIST data set with 56K 484-dimensional patterns and 10 output categories in less than 200 milliseconds. The speedup is more than 300 times for Parzen windows and 100 times for ANN over the CPU implementations using a commodity GPU that costs about $400.
Kinematic calibration by means of a triaxial accelerometer

A new method for kinematic calibration of a robot is presented, based on triaxial measurement of acceleration by a sensor fixed to the robot end-point. The kinematic parameters are evaluated by means of a series of simple tests (two for each joint). In these tests each joint, except the one under consideration, is kept fixed. Acceleration and encoder output are then acquired. Simulations and experimental results applied on Sarcos dextrous arm are presented to verify this method. <<ETX>>
[Venezuelan equine encephalitis].

Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis (VEE) viruses are taxonomically classified within the genus Alphavirus of the family Togaviridae (formerly the Group A arboviruses). The VEE complex of viruses includes six antigenic subtypes (I–VI) divided by antigenic variants. Within subtype I there are five antigenic variants (variants AB–F). Originally, subtypes I-A and I-B were considered to be distinct variants, but they are now considered to be identical (I-AB). Antigenic variants I-AB and I-C are associated with epizootic/epidemic activity in equids and humans. The other three variants of subtype I (I-D, I-E, and I-F) and the other five subtypes of VEE (II–VI) circulate in natural enzootic cycles.
SERUM THYROGLOBULIN IN NORMAL AND HYPOTHYROID NEONATES

Thyroglobulin (Tg) is secreted only by the thyroid gland and its presence in serum should therefore indicate the presence of functioning thyroid tissue. We have measured Tg in cord and heelprick serum samples from 230 newborn infants with no thyroid disease and in forty‐seven infants with suspected neonatal hypothyroidism. In the euthyroid group, well full‐term infants showed an increase in Tg post‐natally which was not seen in ill full‐term or pre‐term neonates. Thyroid hormones were lower and TSH higher in the ill and pre‐term groups, which, in conjunction with the lack of increase in Tg, suggests impaired thyroid secretion in these groups.
Informational Basis of Sensory Adaptation: Entropy and Single-Spike Efficiency in Rat Barrel Cortex

We showed recently that exposure to whisker vibrations enhances coding efficiency in rat barrel cortex despite increasing correlations in variability (Adibi et al., 2013). Here, to understand how adaptation achieves this improvement in sensory representation, we decomposed the stimulus information carried in neuronal population activity into its fundamental components in the framework of information theory. In the context of sensory coding, these components are the entropy of the responses across the entire stimulus set (response entropy) and the entropy of the responses conditional on the stimulus (conditional response entropy). We found that adaptation decreased response entropy and conditional response entropy at both the level of single neurons and the pooled activity of neuronal populations. However, the net effect of adaptation was to increase the mutual information because the drop in the conditional entropy outweighed the drop in the response entropy. The information transmitted by a single spike also increased under adaptation. As population size increased, the information content of individual spikes declined but the relative improvement attributable to adaptation was maintained.
Macrolide Efflux in Streptococcus pneumoniae Is Mediated by a Dual Efflux Pump (mel and mef) and Is Erythromycin Inducible

ABSTRACT Macrolide resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae due to efflux has emerged as an important worldwide clinical problem over the past decade. Efflux is mediated by the genes of the genetic element mega (macrolide efflux genetic assembly) and related elements, such as Tn1207.1. These elements contain two adjacent genes, mef (mefE or mefA) and the closely related mel gene (msrA homolog), encoding a proton motive force pump and a putative ATP-binding cassette transporter homolog, and are transcribed as an operon (M. Del Grosso et al., J. Clin. Microbiol. 40:774-778, 2004; K. Gay and D. S. Stephens, J. Infect. Dis. 184:56-65, 2001; and M. Santagati et al., Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 44:2585-2587, 2000). Previous studies have shown that Mef is required for macrolide resistance in S. pneumoniae; however, the contribution of Mel has not been fully determined. Independent deletions were constructed in mefE and mel in the serotype 14 macrolide-resistant strains GA16638 (erythromycin [Em] MIC, 8 to 16 μg/ml) and GA17719 (Em MIC, 2 to 4 μg/ml), which contain allelic variations in the mega element. The MICs to erythromycin were significantly reduced for the independent deletion mutants of both mefE and mel compared to those of the parent strains and further reduced threefold to fourfold to Em MICs of <0.15 μg/ml with mefE mel double mutants. Using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR, the expression of mefE in the mel deletion mutants was increased more than 10-fold. However, in the mefE deletion mutants, the expression of mel did not differ significantly from the parent strains. The expression of both mefE and mel was inducible by erythromycin. These data indicate a requirement for both Mef and Mel in the novel efflux-mediated macrolide resistance system in S. pneumoniae and other gram-positive bacteria and that the system is inducible by macrolides.
Practical multispectral lighting reproduction

We present a practical framework for reproducing omnidirectional incident illumination conditions with complex spectra using a light stage with multispectral LED lights. For lighting acquisition, we augment standard RGB panoramic photography with one or more observations of a color chart with numerous reflectance spectra. We then solve for how to drive the multispectral light sources so that they best reproduce the appearance of the color charts in the original lighting. Even when solving for non-negative intensities, we show that accurate lighting reproduction is achievable using just four or six distinct LED spectra for a wide range of incident illumination spectra. A significant benefit of our approach is that it does not require the use of specialized equipment (other than the light stage) such as monochromators, spectroradiometers, or explicit knowledge of the LED power spectra, camera spectral response functions, or color chart reflectance spectra. We describe two simple devices for multispectral lighting capture, one for slow measurements of detailed angular spectral detail, and one for fast measurements with coarse angular detail. We validate the approach by realistically compositing real subjects into acquired lighting environments, showing accurate matches to how the subject would actually look within the environments, even for those including complex multispectral illumination. We also demonstrate dynamic lighting capture and playback using the technique.
A correlation between thyroid hormone profile and physical parameters in normal person

Introduction: The aim of the study was to correlate the thyroid hormone profile with the age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), with body fat percentage (BF%) in apparently healthy person. Materials and Method: 84 normal subjects were included in the present study. In thyroid hormone profile S. TSH, Total S. T3, and Total S. T4 were estimated by lumax chemiluminescence immunoassay strip reader in the laboratory. Height, weight and BMI were recorded by standard method and BF% was calculated by the formula. Analysis was done by SPSS software. Result: Of 84 subjects, 39 were males and 45 were females. The correlation coefficient of thyroid hormone profile: For S. TSH (r=+0.261, p=0.02), (r=+0.064, p=0.57), (r=+0.330, p=0.00), (r=+0.368, p=0.00), (r=+0.387, p=0.00); For S. T3 (r=-0.299, p=0.01), (r=-0.208, p=0.06), (r=-0.447, p=0.00), (r=-0.377, p=0.00), (r=-0.257, p=0.02); For S. T4 (r=-0.086, p=0.44), (r=-0.174, p=0.11), (r=-0.365, p=0.00), (r=-0.297, p=0.00), (r=-0.072, p=0.52) with age, height, weight, BMI and BF% respectively. Conclusion: The S. TSH shows significant positive correlation with age, weight, BMI and BF percentage. While S. T3 shows significant negative correlation with age, weight, and BMI and BF percentage and S. T4 shows significant negative correlation with weight and BMI. That suggests the physical parameters also play an important role to determine the thyroid function, as thyroid hormone play an important role in the metabolism of almost all the cell of the body. Keywords: Thyroid hormone, Physical parameters, Normal subjects
Biostatistical Assessment of Mutagenicity Studies: A Stepwise Confidence Procedure

The paper addresses the issue of identifying the maximum safe dose in the context of noninferiority trials where several doses of toxicological compounds exist. Statistical methodology for identifying the maximum safe dose is available for three-arm noninferiority designs with only one experimental drug treatment. Extension of this methodology for several experimental groups exists but with multiplicity adjustment. However, if the experimental or the treatment groups can be ordered a priori according to their treatment effect, then multiplicity adjustment is unneeded. Assuming homogeneity of variances across dose group in normality settings, we employed the generalized Fieller’s confidence interval method in a multiple comparison stepwise procedure by incorporating the partitioning principle in order to control the familywise error rate (FWER). Simulation results revealed that the procedure properly controlled the FWER in strong sense. Also, the power of our procedure increases with increasing sample size and the ratio of mean differences. We illustrate our procedure with mutagenicity dataset from a clinical study.
Graph Theoretical Analysis of Sedation's Effect on Whole Brain Functional System in School-Aged Children

The neurophysiological mechanism underlying sedation, especially in school-aged children, remains largely unknown. The recently emerged resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) technique, capable of delineating brain's functional interaction pattern among distributed brain areas, proves to be a unique and powerful tool to study sedation-induced brain reorganization. Based on a relatively large school-aged children population (n=28, 10.3±2.6 years, range 7-15 years) and leveraging rsfMRI and graph theoretical analysis, this study aims to delineate sedation-induced changes in brain's information transferring property from a whole brain system perspective. Our results show a global deterioration in brain's efficiency properties (p=0.0085 and 0.0018, for global and local efficiency, respectively) with a locally graded distribution featuring significant disruptions of key consciousness-related regions. Moreover, our results also indicate a redistribution of brain's information-processing hubs characterized by a right and posterior shift as consistent with the reduced level of consciousness during sedation. Overall, our findings inform a sedation-induced functional reorganization pattern in school-aged children that greatly improve our understanding of sedation's effect in children and may potentially serve as reference for future sedation-related experimental studies and clinical applications.
Prostaglandins Are Involved in Acetylcholine- and 5-Hydroxytryptamine-induced, Nitric Oxide-mediated Vasodilatation in Human Forearm

Both acetylcholine (ACh) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5HT) are used to examine nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasodilatation in humans. Animal data suggest that both substances can also induce the release of prostacyclin (PGI2). This study was designed to investigate the role of the prostaglandin pathway in Ach- and 5HT-induced vasodilation in humans. The experiments were done in three groups of healthy male volunteers. In group 1 (n = 6), ACh (100–1,000 ng/kg/min) and sodium-nitroprusside (10–100 ng/kg/min) were infused into the brachial artery alone, together with a continuous infusion of indomethacin (1.3 &mgr;g/kg/min) and during a combined infusion of indomethacin and the competitive NO synthase inhibitor NG-monomethyl-l-arginine (l-NMMA; 30 &mgr;g/kg/min). In group 2 (n = 5), 5HT (0.3–1.0 ng/kg/min) was infused alone and together with a continuous infusion of indomethacin and l-NMMA. In group 3 (n = 6), the synthetic prostaglandin analog iloprost (0.5–4.5 ng/kg/min) was infused together with a continuous infusion of saline, l-NMMA, and l-NMMA with indomethacin, respectively. The infusions of indomethacin and l-NMMA started 10 min before the infusion of ACh, 5HT, iloprost, and sodium nitroprusside. Forearm blood flow was measured using computerized venous occlusion plethysmography. Both the Ach- and 5HT-induced vasodilator responses were significantly attenuated by indomethacin (p < 0.05 for both), but not further influenced by a concomitant infusion of l-NMMA. The vasodilatation induced by iloprost was significantly inhibited by l-NMMA (p < 0.05) and not affected by indomethacin. The sodium nitroprusside–induced vasodilation was influenced by neither l-NMMA nor indomethacin. It is concluded that in the human forearm, the prostaglandin pathway is involved in both the Ach- and 5HT-induced NO-mediated vasodilatation.
Adult parent-child relationships : relationship quality, support, and reciprocity

In accordance with Bengtson's model of intergenerational solidarity (e.g. Bengtson & Roberts, 1991), the interrelations between adult daughters' family values, their perception of the relationship quality with their parents, the support they reported to give to and to receive from their parents, and their perception of reciprocity in intergenerational support exchange were investigated for N = 265 middle-aged women in Germany. It was also asked whether the support given to parents and perceived reciprocity are related to daughters' felt burden as a result of their support. Cross-sectional, self-report data were examined with multiple and multinomial logistic regression analyses. The analyses revealed positive relations between family values, relationship quality, and support to parents. Perceived reciprocity was associated with the exchange of intergenerational support and imbalance in support had negative effects on the relationship quality. Felt burden was predicted by the extent of support and the perceived reciprocity. However, specific correlational patterns depending on the kind of support as well as differences in the importance of mother and father occurred. The findings are discussed against the background of the meaning of family obligations and reciprocity in a Western culture.
Self-compassion and physical health: Exploring the roles of perceived stress and health-promoting behaviors

Growing evidence indicates that self-compassion is associated with better physical health, but the pathways that mediate this relationship are not well understood. This study tested a serial mediation model that linked self-compassion, perceived stress, health behaviors, and a comprehensive index of physical health. A sample of 176 individuals completed an online survey posted on Amazon’s Mechanical Turk. Self-compassion had an indirect effect on physical health via both mediators and through the sequential pathway, suggesting that taking a kind, accepting and mindful stance toward one’s flaws and failures may have benefits for reducing stress and promoting health behaviors.
A Near-ML MIMO Subspace Detection Algorithm

A low-complexity MIMO detection scheme is presented that decomposes a MIMO channel into multiple decoupled subsets of streams that can be detected separately. The scheme employs QL decomposition followed by elementary matrix operations to transform the channel matrix into a generalized elementary structure matching the subsets of streams to be detected. The proposed scheme avoids matrix inversion operations, and allows subsets to overlap thus achieving better diversity gain. Simulations demonstrate that this approach performs to within a few tenths of a dB from the optimum detection algorithm.
Comparison of Susceptibility of Gram Negative Bacilli to Cephalosporins and Ciprofloxacin

ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 9 (2016) pp. 205-212 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com Cephalosporins and ciprofloxacin are commonly used in the treatment of gram negative bacilli infections. Third generation cephalosporins are first choice but expensive than ciprofloxacin. So there is a need to compare their susceptibility. To compare the susceptibility of gram negative bacilli clinical isolates to cephalosporins and ciprofloxacin. Susceptibility of ESBL and AmpC producers to ciprofloxacin. Disk diffusion method performed on200 Gram negative bacilli isolates. Susceptibilityto cefuroxime, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftazidime with clavulanic acid, cefoxitin, cefepime and ciprofloxacin were tested. ESBL detected by>7mm zone with ceftazidime clavulanic acid than ceftazidime alone. AmpC detected by cefoxitin resistant and cefepime sensitive. Pseudomonas isolates exudates 14 (29%), burns 26(54%), bood 8(17%). Susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, cefepime in exudate 8(57%), 6(43%), burns 10(38%), 8(31%) respectively. Blood isolates susceptible to cefepime 6(75%) other cephalosporins and ciprofloxacin4(50%). Escherichia coli isolates 14 (28%) exudates, 6(12%) blood, 14 (28%) sputum and 18(36%)urine. Blood isolates100% susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, cefepime Exudate 4(28%),8(57%). Equal susceptibility to both 8(57%) sputum. Urine 12(66%), 14(78%) respectively. Klebsiella 20(32%) exudates and burns, 20(32%)sputum,4(6%)blood. Their susceptibility to ciprofloxacin 4(22%) 2(11%),10(50%) and cefepime 4(22%), 4(22%), 2(50%), 10(50%) respectively. Enterobacter blood 12(50%), exudate, burns sputum 4(17%) each. Susceptibility to ciprofloxacin 4(100%) exudates and burns, 8 (67%) blood. Resistance to cefepime seen in all except blood isolates 8(67%). Citrobacter isolates from exudates 6 (60%), from blood and urine2(20%) each.Exudate2(33%) sensitive to all cephalosporins and ciprofloxacin. Blood, urine1(100%) sensitive to ciprofloxacin. Acinetobacter 6(100%) exudates.2(33%) sensitive only to cefepime Ciprofloxacin susceptibility seen in Pseudomonas 54%, E.coli 72%, Klebsiella 29%, Enterobacter 66%, Citrobacter 80% and Acinetobacter resistant and cefepime susceptibility 21%, 60%, 25%, 41%, 40% and 33% respectively. Among 8 ESBL, 5 AmpC producers 4(50%) and 2(40%) sensitive to ciprofloxacin respectively. Ciprofloxacin was found to be more active than the fourth generation cephalosporin cefepime against gram negative bacilli. Since ciprofloxacin are cheaper it reduces the treatment cost. K e y w o r d s Cephalosporins, ciprofloxacin,
Error Statistics and Learning from Error: Making a Virtue of Necessity

The error statistical account of testing uses statistical considerations, not to provide a measure of probability of hypotheses, but to model patterns of irregularity that are useful for controlling, distinguishing, and learning from errors. The aim of this paper is (1) to explain the main points of contrast between the error statistical and the subjective Bayesian approach and (2) to elucidate the key errors that underlie the central objection raised by Colin Howson at our PSA 96 Symposium.