Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
‘No biggie’: The denial of oppression on campus

Shifts in the demographics in North American colleges and universities over the past decades have created much more diverse and multiethnic campuses. Some praise these trends for creating more dynamic environments. However, not all are happy with the ‘infiltration’ of traditionally white, male enclaves, such that newcomers are met with hostility, even violence. In our campus hate crime study conducted at adjoining college and university campuses in Ontario, we found widespread awareness that minority students were frequent victims of hate crime and discrimination. In an interesting paradox, however, this did not translate into a parallel awareness that racism, or sexism, or homophobia were problems for the campus in question. In other words, while students may observe racist behaviour, they do not ‘see’ it — that is, they do not register the structured embeddedness of campus oppression.
Numerical Simulation of Transitions in Boundary Layer Convective Structures in a Lake-Effect Snow Event

Abstract Numerical simulations are used to study transitions between boundary layer rolls and more cellular convective structures observed during a lake-effect snow event over Lake Michigan on 17 December 1983. Weak lake-effect nonroll convection was observed near the eastern (downwind) shore preceding passage of a secondary cold front. After frontal passage horizontal wind speeds in the convective boundary layer increased, with subsequent development of linear convective patterns. Thereafter the convective pattern became more three-dimensional as low-level wind speeds decreased. Little directional shear was observed in any of the wind profiles. Numerical simulations with the Advanced Regional Prediction System model were initialized with an upwind sounding and radar-derived wind profiles corresponding to each of the three convective structure regimes. Model-derived reflectivity fields were in good agreement with the observed regimes. These simulations differed primarily in the initial wind speed profiles.
Emotional Intelligence, its Measurement and Implications for the Workplace

The concept of emotional intelligence (EI) has attracted a huge amount of interest from both academics and practitioners and has become linked to a whole range of outcomes, including career success, life satisfaction and health. Yet the concept itself and the way in which it is measured continue to fuel considerable debate. This paper takes a critical review of the methodologies and robustness of the validation and application studies that have used EI measures. In addition, the links between EI and other related theoretical perspectives such as emotional labour are considered.
Relational and economic antecedents of organisational commitment

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the most important dimensions and antecedents of the employee's commitment to the firm using a multidisciplinary perspective.Design/methodology/approach – Using a national sample of 285 employees working in different firms, the research reported here portrays the paths which link the economic and relational antecedents of commitment with the dimensions of organizational commitment. A structural equations analysis is performed.Findings – It was found that the most effective way to get normative commitment and thus make the employee continue working in the same firm is to engender affective commitment. And affective commitment is determined mainly by interaction between the firm and its employees (participation, flexibility and information exchange). Employee gender, level of studies, offspring and firm size and belonging to a group show a moderating effect on the global model.Research limitations/implications – Information has only been collected from the e.
Credibility and computing technology

But like many aspects of our human society, computers seem to be facing a credibility crisis. Due in part to the popularization of the Internet, the cultural myth of the highly credible computer may soon be history. Although healthy skepticism about computers can be a good thing, if the pendulum swings too far in this direction, computers—especially with respect to Web-based content—could be viewed as among the least credible information sources, rivaling TV infomercials and supermarket tabloids for such dubious distinction. What is credibility? What makes computers credible? And what can we, as computer professionals, do to enhance the credibility of the products we design, build, and promote? We don’t fully answer these questions here, but we define key terms, summarize knowledge on computer credibility, and suggest frameworks for understanding issues in this domain.
Neural correlates of conceptualisation difficulty during the preparation of complex utterances

Background: In language production, conceptualisation of the utterance precedes lemma retrieval, phonological encoding, and articulation. Knowledge about the neural correlates of conceptualisation is scarce. The instructions in German were (in the same order): Beschreiben Sie die Richtung! ; Beschreiben Sie Richtung und Form! ; Beschreiben Sie Richtung, Form und Farbe! Aims: The study aimed at the delineation of neurophysiological correlates of the macro‐planning aspect of conceptualisation by manipulating difficulty of conceptualisation. Methods & Procedures: Utterances were elicited by visual arrays containing a network of eight different shapes (e.g., circle, square) of different colours. Upon the appearance of an arrow in the display, participants had to describe either the direction of the arrow only (simple condition), the direction and the destination shape (medium condition), or the direction, the destination shape, and its colour (complex condition). Event‐related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded from young healthy native speakers of German and analysed for epochs starting 100 ms prior to the onset of the arrow stimulus until 600 ms thereafter, i.e., prior to the onset of the vocalisation. ERPs were quantified by mean amplitude measures. Outcomes & Results: ERPs uncontaminated by vocalisation artefacts were obtained. Brain potentials in the medium and complex conditions were more positive going than those from the simple condition from 300 ms onwards. This effect had a centro‐parietal distribution akin the P300 component. Conclusions: Reliable electrophysiological effects of conceptualisation difficulty were obtained, opening new possibilities for the neurophysiological investigation of language production in healthy participants and those with non‐aphasic language disorders. The distribution of the conceptualisation effect suggests that it reflects general effects of conceptualisation difficulty (e.g., demand for processing resources) rather than specific steps of the language planning process.
Negative Word-of-Mouth Communication Intention: An Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior

The current research employed the Theory of Planned Behavior as a theoretical foundation to test the antecedents of negative word-of-mouth (WOM) communication intention. The hypothesized model proposed that attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control were associated with the negative WOM communication. The data and hypotheses were examined using structural equation modeling (SEM) by AMOS. Results from the maximum likelihood estimation showed that attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control were positively related to consumers’ negative WOM communication intention. Findings of this study demonstrated that the Theory of Planned Behavior is applicable in measuring consumers’ negative WOM communication.
Inhibition of adenosine 5'-monophosphate- and methacholine-induced bronchoconstriction in asthma by inhaled frusemide.

Recent studies have shown that inhaled frusemide exerts a protective effect against various bronchoconstrictor stimuli in asthma including exercise, fog and allergen. Since mast cell activation seems to be a component of bronchoconstriction by these stimuli it is possible that inhibition of mediator release accounts for some or all of the inhibitory effects of frusemide in asthma. Since inhaled adenosine 5'-monophosphate (AMP) is another stimulus that produces bronchoconstriction by augmenting mast cell mediator release, we have investigated the ability of this drug to antagonise the airway effects of inhaled AMP and methacholine in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind study of 12 asthmatic subjects. Inhaled frusemide (approximately 28 mg) administered 5 min prior to challenge increased the provocation concentration of inhaled AMP and methacholine required to reduce forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV) by 20% from baseline from 30 to 96 mg.ml-1 (p less than 0.01) and from 1.1 to 1.8 mg.ml-1 (p less than 0.01), respectively. The protection that frusemide afforded against AMP was significantly greater than that against methacholine (p less than 0.05). These data suggest that inhaled frusemide may serve as a functional antagonist against a smooth muscle spasmogen, such as methacholine, possibly by augmenting prostanoid generation. Its more potent activity against AMP and other bronchoconstrictor stimuli, that are considered to involve mast cell mediators, suggests an additional action on mast cell functions possibly at the level of the Ca++/Mg(++)-ATPase.
Parental Involvement during the Transition to High School

In this article, the authors conducted a study to discover what types of parent involvement are effective as students make the transition to high school.This study also aimed to elaborate on the role parents play in connecting their children to desirable peer networks during this transition.In-home interviews were conducted with 26 students as well as their parents before and after entering high school.The successfulness of the students’ transition was evaluated in terms of their final grades as well as the number of credits earned and their school attendance.They identified five forms of parental involvement that helped students succeed: monitoring the teen’s academic and social life, evaluating the information obtained about the teen, helping the teen with schoolwork, creating positive peer networks for the teen, and participating directly in the school.
Cross-linguistic influence and formulaic language: recurrent word sequences in French learner writing

This chapter reports on a follow-up study to Paquot (2013) which replicates its methodology to investigate transfer effects on French EFL learners’ use of recurrent word sequences. The study focuses on a large dataset of two- to four-word lexical bundles overrepresented in the French component of the International Corpus of Learner English (ICLE) as compared to nine other ICLE learner sub-corpora. Results are in line with a usage-based view of language that recognizes the active role that the first language (L1) may play in the acquisition of a foreign language. In accordance with Paquot’s (2013) findings, the different manifestations of L1 influence displayed in the learners’ idiosyncratic use of lexical bundles are traced back to various properties of French words and word combinations, among which their discourse function and frequency of use seem to play a crucial role.
Discrete Fractional Fourier Transforms Based on Closed-Form Hermite–Gaussian-Like DFT Eigenvectors

In this paper, we construct discrete fractional Fourier transforms (DFrFT) using recently introduced closed-form Hermite–Gaussian-like (HGL) eigenvectors. With respect to such eigenvectors, we discuss the convergence of their components to samples of the corresponding continuous Hermite–Gaussian functions and propose solutions to deal with some restrictions related to their construction. This allows us to give new procedures for obtaining orthonormal bases of HGL eigenvectors, which are used to fractionalize the discrete Fourier transform. We illustrate the application of the resulting DFrFT in the scenario of filtering in the fractional domain and compare the results with existing DFrFT approaches.
The Desire to Marry and Attitudes Toward Same-Sex Family Legalization in a Sample of Italian Lesbians and Gay Men

This is the first study evaluating the desire to marry and attitudes toward same-sex family legalization in an Italian sample of lesbians and gay males from 18 to 35 years of age. Even though the majority of participants reported a positive attitude toward same-sex family legalization, gay men expressed a lower desire to marry than lesbian participants. Participants with a high level of internalized sexual stigma were less likely to want to marry and to recognize the positive effects of the legal recognition of the same-sex family. Regression analyses showed the relevance of internalized sexual stigma, self-disclosure to family, political progressivism, and higher education to predict a desire to marry and a more positive attitude toward same-sex family legalization. The results point to the necessity of social policy reform to eliminate social and structural inequalities surrounding the pursuit of intimacy to reduce disparities in intimacy-related stressors of lesbians and gay men.
Dealing with a gendered economy: Female drug dealers and street capital

Early studies of female drug dealers suggest that women are marginalized, passive victims. In contrast, more recent studies describe women as skilful and competent dealers. In a Bourdieu-inspired theoretical framework of ‘street capital’, we suggest that the truth is somewhere in between. Female dealers can be successful, but they face more obstacles than men do. The illegal hard-drug economy is gendered and favours men. In this paper we discuss how female drug dealers develop particular strategies to prove they still belong in ‘the game’. Four such strategies are emphasized: desexualization, violent posture, emotional detachment and service-mindedness. These are common strategies for all drug dealers, but the gendered economy forces female dealers to be particularly careful about their business and self-presentation.
Psychological Sense of Community

This article introduces a new construct to the field of management called Psychological Sense of Community (PSOC). This is important because management scholars are calling for the creation of communities in organizations in an environment that lacks appropriate construct development. The aims of this article are threefold: (a) develop a working definition of PSOC via a review of the extant literature on PSOC from other disciplines with the goal of translating it into the domain of management, (b) synthesize findings from parallel literatures on the outcomes of PSOC with an eye toward exploring the relevance of such outcomes in management contexts, and (c) assess the value of PSOC as it relates to its uniqueness in relation to other prominent management constructs and its scope of applicability in a variety of management inquiry areas.
Bisphenol A and indicators of obesity, glucose metabolism/type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease: A systematic review of epidemiologic research

Abstract Introduction: Bisphenol A (BPA), a high-volume chemical with weak estrogenic properties, has been linked to obesity, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and diabetes mellitus (DM). This review evaluates both the consistency and the quality of epidemiological evidence from studies testing the hypothesis that BPA exposure is a risk factor for these health outcomes. Methods: We followed the current methodological guidelines for systematic reviews by using two independent researchers to identify, review and summarize the relevant epidemiological literature on the relation of BPA to obesity, CVD, DM, or related biomarkers. Each paper was summarized with respect to its methods and results with particular attention to study design and exposure assessment, which have been cited as the main areas of weakness in BPA epidemiologic research. As quantitative meta-analysis was not feasible, the study results were categorized qualitatively as positive, inverse, null, or mixed. Results: Nearly all studies on BPA and obesity-, DM- or CVD-related health outcomes used a cross-sectional design and relied on a single measure of BPA exposure, which may result in serious exposure misclassification. For all outcomes, results across studies were inconsistent. Although several studies used the same data and the same or similar statistical methods, when the methods varied slightly, even studies that used the same data produced different results. Conclusion: Epidemiological study design issues severely limit our understanding of health effects associated with BPA exposure. Considering the methodological limitations of the existing body of epidemiology literature, assertions about a causal link between BPA and obesity, DM, or CVD are unsubstantiated.
The interactive effects of leader–member exchange, gender and spouse's gender role orientation on work interference with family conflict

Based on social support and gender role theories, we examined the direct and interactive effects of leader–member exchange, gender and spouse's gender role orientation on work–family conflict. Survey data were collected from matched dyads from 185 dual-earner couples in Sri Lanka. The results show that leader–member exchange is negatively related to work interference with family. There is also support for crossover effects among couples such that individuals with spouses who have a traditional gender role orientation experience greater work interference with family conflict. Finally, there is a three-way interaction such that a spouse's gender role orientation moderates the relationship between leader–member exchange and work interference with family conflict differently for men and women.
Gravity Gradient Tensor Eigendecomposition for Spacecraft Positioning

In this Note, a new approach to spacecraft positioning based on GGT inversion is presented. The gravity gradient tensor is initially measured in the gradiometer reference frame (GRF) and then transformed to the Earth-Centered Earth-Fixed (ECEF) frame via attitude information as well as Earth rotation parameters. Matrix Eigen-Decomposition is introduced to directly translate GGT into position based on the fact that the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of GGT are simplespecific functions of spherical coordinates of the observation position. without the need of an initial position. Unlike the strategy of inertial navigation aiding, no prediction or first guess of the spacecraft position is needed. The method makes use of the J2 gravity model, and is suitable for space navigation where higher frequency terrain contributions to the GGT signals can be neglected.
1 Cognitive Dysfunction in Parkinson ’ s Disease

With the progressive improvement in the management of the motor symptoms associated with Parkinson’s disease, in the last decades the non-motor aspects of this disorder have gained growing attention by clinical and research communities. Cognitive functioning and its evolution are undoubtedly the most investigated non-motor aspects in PD due to their important implications in the diagnosis and treatment of the disorder as well as in the establishment of the disease functional outcomes. Despite the huge number of studies so far, the nature and the extent of cognitive decline are still poorly understood as well as their relation to disease type, duration and motor features. Heterogeneity has emerged as a key concept when describing the variety of cognitive deficits in PD and the diversity of their underlying neuro-pathophysiological mechanisms (Kehagia et al., 2010; Owen, 2004). Nonetheless, evaluation of the cognitive decline associated with PD is essential for good clinical and pharmacological management of the disease course. Community-based studies of dementia in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) have reported prevalence between 28% and 44%. However, longitudinal studies estimating the proportion of patients with PD who will eventually develop dementia reported a 4-year prevalence of dementia of at least 51.6% and an 8-year prevalence of 78% (Williams-Gray et al., 2006). The cumulative incidence of dementia increases with age, with a risk of dementia of 65% by the age of 85 years (Mayeux et al., 1990). It has been widely assumed that cognitive deficits are only a feature of late-stage PD. Recent studies, however, reveal that subtle cognitive abnormalities that are not clinically apparent, mainly involving the executive functions, occur from the earliest stages of the disease (Foltynie et al., 2004a; Levin & Katzen, 2005) In this regard, two global cognitive profiles have been used to define the type of deficits found in PD, namely mild cognitive impairment and dementia. The first is an umbrella definition and has been used to characterize the variety of impairments affecting patients without global and extensive cognitive decline. Disorders can involve one or more cognitive domains among which executive/attention, memory and visuospatial are the most common. Usually, mild cognitive impairment is found in the early and middle stages of disease course and is associated with older age at assessment and at disease onset, as well as to male gender, depression and more severe motor symptoms (Aarsland et al., 2011). Dementia instead is more common in the late stage of the disease and is often preceded by early cognitive impairments. It is characterized by a global cognitive
Determinants of In-Group and Out-Group Perceptions of Heterogeneity

Research indicates that increased familiarity with a social category leads to greater category differentiation. Consequently, in-groups are perceived as more heterogeneous than out-groups and intergroup contact enhances perceived out-group heterogeneity. In examining Sino-American stereotypes, this study considers two additional determinants of perceived heterogeneity. These are (a) perceptual responsiveness to the target group's objective level of heterogeneity, and (b) adjusting perceptions of heterogeneity to be evaluatively consistent with attitudes toward the target group. The results obtained from Chinese and American subjects indicate that responsiveness to objective differences between the in-group and out-group can override the tendency to perceive greater heterogeneity in the in-group. Furthermore, evaluative consistency mechanisms play an important and unique role in determining perceived out-group heterogeneity.
Delinquency Risk as a Function of Number of Early Onset Problem Behaviors

This study examined delinquency risk as a function of number of early onset problem behaviors retrospectively self-reported by a sample of middle-adolescent boys and girls. Number of early first experiences of problem behaviors was linearly associated with increased frequency of delinquency among the predominantly White and middle-class high school students. In addition, number of early onset behaviors explained a small, but significant, amount of variance in self-reported frequency of delinquency over and above that explained by prior delinquency and additional psychosocial variables (e.g., peer deviance, family support). Finally, results demonstrated that the magnitude of risk for incarceration during adolescence increased in proportion to the number of early first experiences of problem behaviors. These findings are interpreted in light of the extant literature, and implications for the development of preventive interventions are discussed.