Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Predictor-Corrector Algorithm for Linear Optimization Based on a Specific Self-Regular Proximity Function

It is well known that the so-called first-order predictor-corrector methods working in a large neighborhood of the central path are among the most efficient interior-point methods (IPMs) for linear optimization (LO) problems. However, the best known iteration complexity of this type of method is $O(n \log\frac{(x^0)^Ts^0}{\varepsilon})$. It is of interest to investigate whether the complexity of first-order predictor-corrector type methods can be further improved. In this paper, based on a specific self-regular proximity function, we define a new large neighborhood of the central path. In particular, we show that the new neighborhood matches the standard large neighborhood that is defined by the infinity norm and widely used in the IPM literature. A new first-order predictor-corrector method for LO that uses a search direction induced by self-regularity in corrector steps is proposed. We prove that our predictor-corrector algorithm, working in a large neighborhood, has an $O(\sqrt{n}\log n \log\frac{(x^0)^Ts^0}{\varepsilon})$ iteration bound. Local superlinear convergence of the algorithm is also established.
On the temporal resolution of neural activity

An important issue regarding brain function is the existence and role of fine temporal structure in neural activity. Multi-neuronal recording techniques are now available to study this issue. We present a simple statistical method devised to detect fine temporal structure in simultaneously recorded spike processes. We apply this method to data recorded from monkey Supplementary Motor Area, and show a preliminary result which suggests that the nervous system may indeed use a temporal resolution of about 6 ms (or
Design of two-stage chaotic Colpitts oscillator

This paper introduces a novel two-stage chaotic Colpitts oscillator. An equivalent negative resistance model is developed to assist the circuit design in this work. The negative resistance degradation at high frequencies is compensated by adding an additional negative resistance unit. The ratio of fundamental frequency f0 and cut-off frequency fT can be improved over a normal one-stage chaotic Colpitts oscillator through increasing the negative resistance. Measured fundamental frequency f0 and f0/fT ratio is up to 2.1GHz and 0.23, respectively.
Trainee Impairment

This article reviews the professional literature on the topic of evaluating the competence of trainees in professional psychology training programs including program policies, procedures, and actual practice for identifying, remediating, and, in extreme cases, dismissing trainees who are judged unable to provide competent, professional care. This review covers the literature on the following major issues related to trainee performance: (a) problems with definitions of impairment, (b) established professional standards for supervision and evaluation of trainees based on accreditation guidelines and ethical standards, (c) methodological critiques of empirical studies on trainee impairment, (d) issues related to evaluation and identification of trainees who are making inadequate progress toward professional competence, (e) issues related to remediation, (f) dismissal and due process, and (g) relevant legal cases and considerations. The review of these topics provides the platform for an extensive list of recommendations directed toward faculty and supervisors responsible for professional psychology training programs and internships.
On the Importance of Self-Determination for Intrinsically-Motivated Behavior

Yoked pairs of subjects solved puzzles such that one member of each pair was given choice about what puzzles to work on and how much time to allot to each, while the yoked subject was assigned the same puzzles and time allotments as those chosen by the first subject. It was predicted and found that subjects who chose the activities and time allotments -in other words, who had additional self-determination--would be more intrinsically motivated than subjects doing the same activity without choice.
Towards the Extraction of Customer-to-Customer Suggestions from Reviews

State of the art in opinion mining mainly focuses on positive and negative sentiment summarisation of online customer reviews. We observe that reviewers tend to provide advice, recommendations and tips to the fellow customers on a variety of points of interest. In this work, we target the automatic detection of suggestion expressing sentences in customer reviews. This is a novel problem, and therefore to begin with, requires a well formed problem definition and benchmark dataset. This work provides a 3- fold contribution, namely, problem definition, benchmark dataset, and an approach for detection of suggestions for the customers. The problem is framed as a sentence classification problem, and a set of linguistically motivated features are proposed. Analysis of the nature of suggestions, and classification errors, highlight challenges and research opportunities associated with this problem.
Multilingual scholarship and the paradox of translation and language in management and organization studies

This article questions the unreflexive use of English in academic practices by highlighting the paradox of multilingual scholarship and the need for practices that may help both scholars and journals to become inventive in performing multilingual scholarship. Even when academic outputs are only in English, language multiplicity exists and needs to be reflected upon. To do so, we introduce the three strategies of scandalization, scrutinization, and invention which respectively document and question the naturalization of English as lingua franca, inquire into linguistic negotiations and its effects, and make multiplicity visible. It is our belief that there is currently too little agony about and critique of the hegemony of English based on a kind of pragmatism; this situation prevents us from being more imaginative and experimental in the ways we include other languages and language differences.
The neural response to changing semantic and perceptual complexity during language processing

Speech comprehension involves processing at different levels of analysis, such as acoustic, phonetic, and lexical. We investigated neural responses to manipulating the difficulty of processing at two of these levels. Twelve subjects underwent positron emission tomographic scanning while making decisions based upon the semantic relatedness between heard nouns. We manipulated perceptual difficulty by presenting either clear or acoustically degraded speech, and semantic difficulty by varying the degree of semantic relatedness between words. Increasing perceptual difficulty was associated with greater activation of the left superior temporal gyrus, an auditory‐perceptual region involved in speech processing. Increasing semantic difficulty was associated with reduced activity in both superior temporal gyri and increased activity within the left angular gyrus, a heteromodal region involved in accessing word meaning. Comparing across all the conditions, we also observed increased activation within the left inferior prefrontal cortex as the complexity of language processing increased. These results demonstrate a flexible system for language processing, where activity within distinct parts of the network is modulated as processing demands change. Hum Brain Mapp, 2010. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Surgical Management of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: Outcomes of 590 Consecutive Patients

BACKGROUND Hidradenitis suppurativa is a progressive, recurrent inflammatory disease. Surgical management is potentially curative with limited efficacy data. OBJECTIVE To evaluate hidradenitis surgical patients. METHODS Retrospective review of outcomes of 590 consecutive surgically treated patients. RESULTS Most patients were white (91.0% [435/478]), men (337 [57.1%]), smokers (57.7% [297/515]) with Hurley Stage III disease (476 [80.7%]). Procedure types were excision (405 [68.6%]), unroofing (168 [28.5%]), and drainage (17 [2.9%]) treating disease of perianal/perineum (294 [49.8%]), axilla (124 [21.0%]), gluteal cleft (76 [12.9%]), inframammary (12 [2.0%]), and multiple surgical sites (84 [14.2%]). Postoperative complications occurred in 15 patients (2.5%) and one-fourth (144 [24.4%]) suffered postoperative recurrence, which necessitated reoperation in one-tenth (69 [11.7%]) of patients. Recurrence risk was increased by younger age (hazard ratio [HR], 0.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.7–0.9), multiple surgical sites (HR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.1–2.5), and drainage-type procedures (HR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.2–10.7). Operative location, disease severity, gender, and operative extent did not influence recurrence rate. CONCLUSION Excision and unroofing procedures were effective treatments with infrequent complications and low recurrence rates. Well-planned surgical treatment aiming to remove or unroof the area of intractable hidradenitis suppurativa was highly effective in the management of this challenging disease.
Memory Processes, Aging, Cognitive Decline, and Neurodegenerative Diseases

This paper presents four domains of markers that have been found to predict later cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative disease. These four domains are (1) data patterns of memory performance, (2) cardiovascular factors, (3) genetic markers, and (4) brain activity. The critical features of each domain are illustrated with data from the longitudinal Betula Study on memory, aging, and health (Nilsson et al., 1997; Nilsson et al., 2004). Up to now, early signs regarding these domains have been examined one by one and it has been found that they are associated with later cognitive impairment and neurodegenerative disease. However, it was also found that each marker accounts for only a very small part of the total variance, implying that single markers should not be used as predictors for cognitive decline or neurodegenerative disease. It is discussed whether modeling and simulations should be used as tools to combine markers at different levels to increase the amount of explained variance.
Nonlinear Integration of Visual and Haltere Inputs in Fly Neck Motor Neurons

Animals use information from multiple sensory organs to generate appropriate behavior. Exactly how these different sensory inputs are fused at the motor system is not well understood. Here we study how fly neck motor neurons integrate information from two well characterized sensory systems: visual information from the compound eye and gyroscopic information from the mechanosensory halteres. Extracellular recordings reveal that a subpopulation of neck motor neurons display “gating-like” behavior: they do not fire action potentials in response to visual stimuli alone but will do so if the halteres are coactivated. Intracellular recordings show that these motor neurons receive small, sustained subthreshold visual inputs in addition to larger inputs that are phase locked to haltere movements. Our results suggest that the nonlinear gating-like effect results from summation of these two inputs with the action potential threshold providing the nonlinearity. As a result of this summation, the sustained visual depolarization is transformed into a temporally structured train of action potentials synchronized to the haltere beating movements. This simple mechanism efficiently fuses two different sensory signals and may also explain the context-dependent effects of visual inputs on fly behavior.
The Dynamics of Motivation and Effort for Classroom Assessments in Middle School Science and Social Studies

Motivation and effort patterns associated with achievement on classroom assessments in middle-school science and social studies were studied with a sample of 223 8th graders in different classroom assessment environments. Classroom assessment environments were characterized by student perceptions of the importance and value of assessment tasks, perceived self-efficacy, and mastery goal orientations. It was expected that both classroom assessment environment and the particular assessment would be related to differences in motivation, effort, and their effects on achievement, even after controlling for prior achievement. The classroom assessment environment did make a difference in classroom achievement, with an effect size comparable to the effect for prior achievement. Motivational variables added to the prediction of classroom achievement after controlling for prior achievement and for classroom environment; perceived self-efficacy was the strongest motivational predictor. After controlling for background and motivation, effort variables did not predict additional variance in classroom achievement. Hypothesized differences in the prediction of classroom achievement between tests and performance assessments were not clearly evident.
Contributors to initial success on the national athletic trainers' association board of certification examination as perceived by candidate sponsors: a delphi study.

OBJECTIVE To determine the factors that are perceived to contribute to first-time success on the National Athletic Trainers' Association (NATA) Board of Certification Examination. DESIGN AND SETTING We surveyed a panel of athletic training educators who sponsor candidates for the examination by means of the Delphi technique. The Delphi technique is a method of structuring the collective judgments of a group of experts, conducted through a series of sequential questionnaires, each containing summarized information from earlier responses. SUBJECTS A total of 29 athletic training program directors whose programs are accredited by the Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Programs or approved by the NATA. MEASUREMENTS We used 3 questionnaires to solicit the opinions of experts and ultimately reach consensus. Each questionnaire was generated from the results of the previous questionnaire. The initial questionnaire asked respondents to list items that they perceived as contributing to first-time success. The second was generated from the results of the first and asked respondents to rate items using a Likert scale. The third questionnaire allowed respondents to change their answers based on the information presented. The study concluded with a consensus confirmation report that asked respondents to concur with the results of the study. RESULTS The panel reached consensus on items that reflected clinical experiences, teaching qualities and practices of the clinical instructors, student knowledge, test-taking skills, and student characteristics. Of these consensus items, the items contributing significantly to initial examination success were "ability to interpret the question," "knowledge of theories and techniques in rehabilitation and modalities," "clinical assessment skills," "clinical settings that allow students to take an active role," and "instructors committed to providing a positive learning environment. " CONCLUSIONS We noted 5 different areas perceived as contributing to a student's passing the examination on the first trial. These results can be used by program directors to enhance their curricular, didactic, and clinical structures to better prepare students for the examination. The results can also be used by the NATA Education Council in the development of educational programs for certified athletic trainers to become effective clinical instructors.
Apoptosis of mouse dendritic cells is triggered by listeriolysin, the major virulence determinant of Listeria monocytogenes

Infection of a murine‐spleen dendritic cell line by Listeria monocytogenes was found to induce cell death through apoptosis. To characterize the bacterial product(s) involved in induction of apoptosis, dendritic cells were infected with the L. monocytogenes EGD strain and several isogenic mutants deficient in the production of individual listerial virulence factors. The ability to induce cellular apoptosis was retained by all mutants tested, except the prfA and Δhly mutants, both of which are unable to produce listeriolysin. Apoptosis was also induced by purified listeriolysin suggesting that this protein directly induces apoptosis. Purified recombinant listeriolysins rendered either weakly haemolytic by a C‐484 to S mutation, or non‐haemolytic by a W‐491 to A mutation exhibited little or no capacity to induce apoptosis, indicating that both activities are associated within the same protein region. Treatment with purified listeriolysin or L. monocytogenes infection also triggers apoptosis in explanted bone‐marrow dendritic cells. Thus invasion of dendritic cells by L. monocytogenes, which results in cell death, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of listerial infections by impairing immune responses, hindering bacterial clearance and promoting spread of the infection.
Extending the Theory of Planned Behavior: A Review and Avenues for Further Research

This paper describes and reviews the theory of planned behavior (TPB). The focus is on evidence supporting the further extension of the TPB in various ways. Empirical and theoretical evidence to support the addition of 6 variables to the TPB is reviewed: belief salience measures, past behaviodhabit, perceived behavioral control (PBC) vs. selfefficacy, moral norms, self-identity, and affective beliefs. In each case there appears to be growing empirical evidence to support their addition to the TPB and some understanding of the processes by which they may be related to other TPB variables, intentions, and behavior. Two avenues for expansion of the TPB are presented. First, the possibility of incorporating the TPB into a dual-process model of attitude-behavior relationships is reviewed. Second, the expansion of the TPB to include consideration of the volitional processes determining how goal intentions may lead to goal achievement is discussed.
Observation of scalar nuclear spin–spin coupling in van der Waals complexes

Scalar couplings between covalently bound nuclear spins are a ubiquitous feature in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) experiments, imparting valuable information to NMR spectra regarding molecular structure and conformation. Such couplings arise due to a second-order hyperfine interaction, and, in principle, the same mechanism should lead to scalar couplings between nuclear spins in unbound van der Waals complexes. Here, we report the first observation of scalar couplings between nuclei in van der Waals complexes. Our measurements are performed in a solution of hyperpolarized 129Xe and pentane, using superconducting quantum interference devices to detect NMR in 10 mG fields, and are in good agreement with calculations based on density functional theory. van der Waals forces play an important role in many physical phenomena. The techniques presented here may provide a new method for probing such interactions.
Metal ion levels and functional results after either resurfacing hip arthroplasty or conventional metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty

Background Modern metal-on-metal hip resurfacing was introduced as a bone-preserving method of joint reconstruction for young and active patients; however, the large diameter of the bearing surfaces is of concern for potentially increased metal ion release. Patients and methods 71 patients (< 65 years old) were randomly assigned to receive either a resurfacing (R) hip arthroplasty (n = 38) or a conventional metal-on-metal (C) hip arthroplasty (n = 33). Functional outcomes were assessed preoperatively and at 6, 12, and 24 months. Cobalt and chromium blood levels were analyzed preoperatively and at 3, 6, 12, and 24 months. Results All functional outcome scores improved for both groups. At 12 and 24 months, the median UCLA activity score was 8 in the R patients and 7 in the C patients (p < 0.05). At 24 months, OHS was median 16 in C patients and 13 in R patients (p < 0.05). However, in spite of randomization, UCLA scores also appeared to be higher in R patients at baseline. Satisfaction was similar in both groups at 24 months. Cobalt concentrations were statistically significantly higher for R patients only at 3 and 6 months. Chromium levels remained significantly higher for R patients until 24 months. No pseudotumors were encountered in either group. One R patient was revised for early aseptic loosening and in 2 C patients a cup insert was exchanged for recurrent dislocation. Interpretation R patients scored higher on UCLA, OHS, and satisfaction at some time points; however, as for the UCLA, preoperative levels were already in favor of R. The differences, although statistically significant, were of minor clinical importance. Chromium blood levels were statistically significantly higher for R patients at all follow-up measurements, whereas for cobalt this was only observed up to 6 months. The true value of resurfacing hip arthroplasty over conventional metal-on-metal hip arthroplasty will be determined by longer follow-up and a possible shift of balance between their respective (dis)advantages.
Organizational Silence: A Barrier to Change and Development in a Pluralistic World

We argue that there are powerful forces in many organizations that cause widespread withholding of information about potential problems or issues by employees. We refer to this collective-level phenomenon as “organizational silence. ” In our model we identify contextual variables that create conditions conducive to silence and explore the collective sensemaking dynamics that can create the shared perception that speaking up is unwise. We also discuss some of the negative consequences of systemic silence, especially for organizations' ability to change and develop in the context of pluralism.
Identifying Latent Classes of Behavioral Risk Based on Early Childhood

This study explored early childhood manifestations of self-control in a nationally representative cohort of kindergarten children. Finite mixture modeling was used to identify five latent classes of children based on parent and teacher reports of self control across three waves of data. These were a low impairment, teacher report (n = 5,047, 29.3%), low impairment, parent and teacher report (n = 2,889, 16.8%), moderate impairment, teacher report ( n = 5,267, 30.6%), moderate impairment, parent report (n = 2,415, 14.0%), and severely impaired subgroups (n = 1,594, 9.3%). Parental stress, externalizing behaviors, and interpersonal skills deficits were important differentiators across class memberships. The severely impaired subgroup possessed an array of neurocognitive deficits, behavioral problems, and learning difficulties relative to other classes. To forestall life-course problem behaviors for impaired children appropriate screening and intervention is warranted.
Intermodal Interactions In Speech: A French Study

The aim of the present work was to determine the best conditions that elicit illusions of the McGurk type in French. We manipulated the item length (monosyllables vs bisyllables), the speaking rate of the bisyllables (slow vs normal vs fast), the vocalic environment (/a/ vs /i/), the voiced-voiceless characteristic of some stop consonants (/b/ vs /p/ and /g/ vs /k/) and the sound intensity (70 dB in the first experiment and 40dB in the second one). In both experiments, the effects were not affected by item length but, for the bisyllables, they increased at a slow speaking rate. The vowel /i/ gave rise to more illusions than /a/. Voiceless consonants produced more combinations than voiced ones, but in the case of fusions there was a tendency toward the reverse pattern. The percentage of illusion increased from the first to the second experiment: from 41% to 49% in the case of combinations and from 3% to 18% in the case of fusions. The McGurk effect was thus strongly affected by listening conditions.