Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nutritional Status of Nursing Home Residents in Taiwan

The purpose of this study was to explore the nutritional status of nursing home residents. A convenience sample of 111 residents from four nursing homes in Kaohsiung, Taiwan, was recruited. The residents’ nutritional status was assessed on the basis of body mass index (BMI) and serum albumin level. Data on demographic characteristics, cognitive function, activities of daily living, and mode of feeding were collected and examined for association with nutritional status. Among the subjects, 41.1% had a BMI of less than 18.5 kg/m2 and 18.9% had a serum albumin level of less than 3.5 g/dl. Mode of feeding was a significant predictor of malnutrition. When compared with residents on oral feedings, those on nasogastric (NG) feedings had four times the risk of a low BMI and about eight times the risk of a low albumin level. In conclusion, it is important to regularly assess the physical function and nutritional status of nursing home residents and adjust their dietary intake accordingly.
COMPARISON OF MICROTHRIX ULTRASTRUCTURE AND MORPHOLOGY ON THE PLEROCERCOID AND ADULT SCOLEX OF CALLIOBOTHRIUM CF. VERTICILLATUM (TETRAPHYLLIDEA: ONCHOBOTHRIIDAE)

The distal bothridial surfaces of adult triloculate onchobothriids are covered with short structures that have been tentatively classified as very short filitriches, but this hypothesis has never been tested. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used to investigate microthrix morphology in the plerocercoid and adult forms of Calliobothrium cf. verticillatum, a triloculate onchobothriid tapeworm from Long Island Sound (Connecticut). Plerocercoids of C. cf. verticillatum were collected from the anterior midgut ceaca of Pagurus pollicaris Say, 1817 (flat-clawed hermit crab), and adults were collected from the spiral intestine of the dusky smooth hound Mustelis canis (Mitchell, 1815). Two plerocercoids and 2 adults were examined using SEM; 2 plerocercoids and 2 adults were examined using TEM. Microthrix distribution and morphology (including measurements of total length, base length, shaft length, and base width) were investigated on all surfaces of the plerocercoid and adult scolex. Slender filitriches and large bladelike spinitriches were observed extending from the tegument of plerocercoid and adult forms. The filitriches were found to have significantly narrower bases than the spinitriches (65–167 nm vs. 466–1,936 nm, respectively). The scolex proper of the plerocercoid and adult forms were found to have filitriches of medium-length and bladelike spinitriches. The distal bothridial surfaces differed dramatically in microthrix morphology between plerocercoid and adult forms; on the distal surfaces of the plerocercoids were long filitriches and bladelike spinitriches. However, the distal surfaces of the adults had short structures (previously hypothesized to be short filitriches) and a few bladelike spinitriches. Serial transverse sections revealed that the short structures on the distal bothridial surfaces of the adults were homologous with filitriches. They included all of the structural components of a filithrix as well as a base width that conformed to the filitriches found on other surfaces. The bothridial margins of the plerocercoid and adult forms had a microthrix pattern similar to that seen on the proximal bothridial surfaces except that the filitriches on the margins were significantly longer than those found anywhere else on the bothridia. The most dramatic difference between the plerocercoid and adult forms occurred on the distal bothridial surfaces, where the filitriches of the adult cestodes were significantly shorter and narrower, and the spinitriches were almost entirely lacking.
Correlation clustering in MapReduce

Correlation clustering is a basic primitive in data miner's toolkit with applications ranging from entity matching to social network analysis. The goal in correlation clustering is, given a graph with signed edges, partition the nodes into clusters to minimize the number of disagreements. In this paper we obtain a new algorithm for correlation clustering. Our algorithm is easily implementable in computational models such as MapReduce and streaming, and runs in a small number of rounds. In addition, we show that our algorithm obtains an almost 3-approximation to the optimal correlation clustering. Experiments on huge graphs demonstrate the scalability of our algorithm and its applicability to data mining problems.
The Hydrothermal Fluid Evolution of Vein Sets at the Pipeline Gold Mine, Nevada

The origin of sediment-hosted Nevada gold deposits has been highly debated, especially regarding the relative contribution of multiple mineralizing events, particularly relating to the Cretaceous. We examined the Pipeline gold mine in north-central Nevada, focusing on data from the four vein sets in this atypical deposit where there is evidence for Cretaceous gold mineralization. Only the third, a quartz-sericite-pyrite-calcite vein set, has any link with the alteration styles and gold mineralization within the Pipeline deposit. Our geochemical results from fluid inclusion microthermometry and gas analysis show that the fluids from which quartz deposited were sourced from condensing magmatic volatiles and were trapped at ~300 °C and 2 kbar lithostatic pressure (~8 km). 40Ar/39Ar dating of sericite demonstrates that the quartz-sericite-pyrite veins formed at ~92 Ma, matching the dates of gold-associated epigenetic illite. Ore fluids enriched in CO2 and H2S caused decarbonation thereby releasing Fe2+ that reacted with H2S to form pyrite. Decreasing H2S destabilized gold bisulfide complexes and deposited gold. We conclude that this process can occur in a single Cretaceous event in advance of potential Tertiary mineralization.
Estimating the potential for twenty-first century sudden climate change

I investigate the potential for sudden climate change during the current century. This investigation takes into account evidence from the Earth's history, from climate models and our understanding of the physical processes governing climate shifts. Sudden alterations to climate forcing seem to be improbable, with sudden changes instead most likely to arise from climate feedbacks. Based on projections from models validated against historical events, dramatic changes in ocean circulation appear unlikely. Ecosystem–climate feedbacks clearly have the potential to induce sudden change, but are relatively poorly understood at present. More probable sudden changes are large increases in the frequency of summer heatwaves and changes resulting from feedbacks involving hydrology. These include ice sheet decay, which may be set in motion this century. The most devastating consequences are likely to occur further in the future, however. Reductions in subtropical precipitation are likely to be the most severe hydrologic effects this century, with rapid changes due to the feedbacks of relatively well-understood large-scale circulation patterns. Water stress may become particularly acute in the Southwest US and Mexico, and in the Mediterranean and Middle East, where rainfall decreases of 10–25% (regionally) and up to 40% (locally) are projected.
Stenting and glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: Findings from the global registry of acute coronary events (GRACE)

Stenting and GP IIb/IIIa inhibition are promising adjunctive therapies in PCI. The Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) is a registry of unselected patients with acute coronary syndromes, allowing for the study of treatments in a real‐world environment. Data from GRACE patients with AMI who underwent PCI were analyzed. After adjusting for demographics, baseline characteristics, and previous medications, treatment with GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors and a stent and treatment with a stent alone were significant predictors of survival at 6 months. Stents were used in 90.9% of patients. GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors were used in 59.7%; in most cases they were started after the beginning of the procedure. The in‐hospital death rate (7.6%) was highest in patients undergoing urgent PCI. Mortality at 6 months following PCI was 14.4% among patients who received neither GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors nor a stent, compared to patients who received both GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors and a stent (7.3%), GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors alone (12.8%), or a stent alone (6.7%) Catheter Cardiovasc Interv 2003;60:360–367. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evaluation of gene-finding programs on mammalian sequences.

We present an independent comparative analysis of seven recently developed gene-finding programs: FGENES, GeneMark.hmm, Genie, Genescan, HMMgene, Morgan, and MZEF. For evaluation purposes we developed a new, thoroughly filtered, and biologically validated dataset of mammalian genomic sequences that does not overlap with the training sets of the programs analyzed. Our analysis shows that the new generation of programs has substantially better results than the programs analyzed in previous studies. The accuracy of the programs was also examined as a function of various sequence and prediction features, such as G + C content of the sequence, length and type of exons, signal type, and score of the exon prediction. This approach pinpoints the strengths and weaknesses of each individual program as well as those of computational gene-finding in general. The dataset used in this analysis (HMR195) as well as the tables with the complete results are available at http://www.cs. ubc.ca/~rogic/evaluation/.
Doing Good or Doing Well? Image Motivation and Monetary Incentives in Behaving Prosocially

This paper experimentally examines image motivation--the desire to be liked and well regarded by others--as a driver in prosocial behavior (doing good), and asks whether extrinsic monetary incentives (doing well) have a detrimental effect on prosocial behavior due to crowding out of image motivation. Using the unique property of image motivation--its dependency on visibility--we show that image is indeed an important part of the motivation to behave prosocially, and that extrinsic incentives crowd out image motivation. Therefore, monetary incentives are more likely to be counterproductive for public prosocial activities than for private ones. (JEL D64, L31, Z13)
Exploring Socio-Technical Dependencies in Open Source Software Projects: Towards an Automated Data-driven Approach

Comprehension of Open Source Software (OSS) projects is traditionally driven by the plethora of data produced and maintained by these projects. The data, in one hand, encapsulates the tacit knowledge on the evolution of the software itself. And, on the other hand, provides the history of communication and collaboration of the community. Acquisition and analysis of such data has been mostly manual or semi-automated and error-prone, mainly due to unstructured and substandard data representation. This increases the validity threat of the reported results and makes it incomparable across the studies. With the advancement of data management tools and technologies, many third party data providers are putting serious effort to provide OSS project's data in a standard and platform independent format. In this paper, we propose a framework to fully automate the analysis and visualization of OSS evolution data through the use of existing data services. As a proof of concept we implemented a tool named POMAZ. We demonstrate the applicability of the tool in the context of two related open source projects FFmpeg and GStreamer.
Multicast capacity of wireless ad hoc networks with infrastructure support

In this paper, we study the multicast capacity of wireless ad hoc networks with infrastructure support. The network under study is termed as hybrid wireless network, where L-Maximum-Hop resource allocation strategy is adopted. There are n uniformly deployed normal wireless nodes and m regularly placed base stations dividing the network region into m cells. We show that the maximum capacity O(n<sup>1/2</sup>/k<sup>1/2</sup>(log n)<sup>1/2</sup> W<sup>1</sup>) + O(mW<sub>2</sub>) is achieved when the hop number L = Θ (n<sup>1/4</sup>/(k<sup>1/4</sup>(log n)<sup>3/4</sup>)) with the number of destinations k = O (a<sup>2</sup>/r<sup>2</sup>), where a is the side length of network region and r is transmission range of wireless terminals. This result provides a meaningful guide for the design of hybrid wireless networks. Moreover, we demonstrate that it is more efficient to adopt Infrastructure Mode than Ad Hoc Mode when k = Ω(a<sup>2</sup>/r<sup>2</sup>), because infrastructure nodes can cover the whole cell and broadcast to nodes more efficiently. In this case, maximum capacity is O (W<sub>1</sub>) + O(mW<sub>2</sub>), when L = Θ(1). Furthermore, we reveal that the per-node capacity does not vanish to zero only if the number of base stations m = Ω(n).
Magnetic Properties of MnBi Single Crystals

We have succeeded in growing single crystals of MnBi which are essentially free of excess bismuth. We report here on magnetization measurements on such single crystals from 4.2 K to 635 K in magnetic fields up to 21 kOe using a vibrating sample magnetometer. The magnetization at 4.2 K is 3.84±0.03 μB/Mn atom and is perpendicular to the c‐axis. Between 90 K and 140 K the magnetization rotates into a direction parallel to the c‐axis. This behavior is described in terms of an anisotropy energy of the form EA=K1sin2Θ+K2sin4Θ+(K3+K4cos6ψ)·sin6Θ. The magnitudes and temperature dependences of the anisotropy coefficients are given over the range of temperatures up to the first order phase transition at 625 K.
The effect of traffic vibration on adhesive curing during installation of bonded external reinforcement

This paper describes a programme of research which was conducted to examine the effect of traffic vibration on adhesive curing during the installation of bonded external reinforcement. Steel and carbon fibre reinforced plastic (CFRP) plates were used in conjunction with four epoxy adhesives. A literature review was undertaken in order to select appropriate magnitudes for the strains and frequency of vibration to be used during an experimental programme involving the vibration during cure of lap joints, steel and reinforced concrete beams. The lap joint results show that vibration during cure causes a progressive reduction in strength with increasing strain level. The tests involving strengthened steel beam specimens suggest that use of simple lap joints will give a safe prediction of the effect of vibration during cure. In the reinforced concrete beams there were noticeable differences in failure mechanism between those strengthened with steel as opposed to CFRP plates. However, in both cases failure mode.
Interfaces and mechanical properties of recycled rubber–polyethylene terephthalate–wood composites

Rubber-thermoplastic-based composites represent widely used materials due to their good mechanical properties that can be controlled according to the composition and interfaces. Considering the mechanical properties as output, recycled polyethylene terephthalate-rubber-based composites with optimized curing temperature were obtained, where rubber acts as a matrix, polyethylene terephthalate as filler and high-density polyethylene as compatibility agent. By adding another recycled material wood (sawdust), a novel composite with tailored properties was obtained via compression molding. The composites were mechanically tested in terms of compression and tensile strength. The optimized compositions were investigated by X-ray diffraction and further characterization was done to outline the interfaces contribution: surface/interface topology (atomic force microscopy) and bonding (Fourier transform infrared); contact angle measurements were developed, to evaluate the surface energy as a tool for estimating possible (thermal) degradation. Water stability was investigated and its plasticizer role was outlined. Wood sawdust addition at recycled rubber–polyethylene terephthalate–high-density polyethylene composites had a remarkable effect on the mechanical properties, recommending this composite type as structural material.
Three-dimensional flow of colloidal glasses

Recent experiments performed on a variety of soft glassy materials have demonstrated that any imposed shear flow serves to simultaneously fluidize these systems in all spatial directions [Ovarlez et al., Nature Mater. 9, 115–119 (2010)]. When probed with a second shear flow, the viscous response of the experimental system is determined by the rate of the primary, fluidizing flow. Motivated by these findings, we employ a recently developed schematic mode-coupling theory [Brader et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106, 15186–15191 (2009)] to investigate the threedimensional flow of a colloidal glass, subject to a combination of simple shear and uniaxial compression. Despite differences in the specific choice of superposed flow, the flow curves obtained show a good qualitative agreement with the experimental findings and recover the observed powerlaw describing the decay of the scaled viscosity as a function of the dominant rate. We, then, proceed to perform a more formal analysis of our constitutive equation for different kind of “mixed” flows consisting of a dominant primary flow subject to a weaker perturbing flow. Our study provides further evidence that the theory of Brader et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106, 15186–15191 (2009) reliably describes the dynamic arrest and mechanical fluidization of dense particulate suspensions.
Natural Antisense Transcripts and Long Non-Coding RNA in Neurospora crassa

The prevalence of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) and natural antisense transcripts (NATs) has been reported in a variety of organisms. While a consensus has yet to be reached on their global importance, an increasing number of examples have been shown to be functional, regulating gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional level. Here, we use RNA sequencing data from the ABI SOLiD platform to identify lncRNA and NATs obtained from samples of the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa grown under different light and temperature conditions. We identify 939 novel lncRNAs, of which 477 are antisense to annotated genes. Across the whole dataset, the extent of overlap between sense and antisense transcripts is large: 371 sense/antisense transcripts are complementary over 500 nts or more and 236 overlap by more than 1000 nts. Most prevalent are 3′ end overlaps between convergently transcribed sense/antisense pairs, but examples of divergently transcribed pairs and nested transcripts are also present. We confirm the expression of a subset of sense/antisense transcript pairs by qPCR. We examine the size, types of overlap and expression levels under the different environmental stimuli of light and temperature, and identify 11 lncRNAs that are up-regulated in response to light. We also find differences in transcript length and the position of introns between protein-coding transcripts that have antisense expression and transcripts with no antisense expression. These results demonstrate the ability of N. crassa lncRNAs and NATs to be regulated by different environmental stimuli and provide the scope for further investigation into the function of NATs.
THE DIET OF UPLAND SANDPIPERS (BARTRAMIA LONGICAUDA) IN MANAGED FARMLAND IN THEIR NEOTROPICAL NON-BREEDING GROUNDS

The Upland Sandpiper (Bartramia longicauda) is a migratory shorebird that inhabits grasslands at the breeding and non-breeding grounds. The trophic ecology of the species is poorly known, but it is thought to be insectivorous. In this study, we describe the diet of the Upland Sandpiper and its temporal variation in grasslands of northern Uruguay. From 2008 to 2012, we collected 67 feces at nine different sites in the Departments of Salto and Paysandú. The diet consisted mainly of insects (present in 98% of the feces) belonging to three orders: Coleoptera (in 80% of feces), Orthoptera (79%), and Hymenoptera (48%). Consumption of Orthoptera and Hymenoptera varied among years. Plant remains and stones were also recorded in feces. Vegetation may have been consumed secondarily while stones could be used in food processing in the gizzard. Our study demonstrates that Upland Sandpipers are diet generalists and probably forage opportunistically, depending on resource availability and focusing on the most abundant prey items.
Boosting attribute and phone estimation accuracies with deep neural networks for detection-based speech recognition

Generation of high-precision sub-phonetic attribute (also known as phonological features) and phone lattices is a key frontend component for detection-based bottom-up speech recognition. In this paper we employ deep neural networks (DNNs) to improve detection accuracy over conventional shallow MLPs (multi-layer perceptrons) with one hidden layer. A range of DNN architectures with five to seven hidden layers and up to 2048 hidden units per layer have been explored. Training on the SI84 and testing on the Nov92 WSJ data, the proposed DNNs achieve significant improvements over the shallow MLPs, producing greater than 90% frame-level attribute estimation accuracies for all 21 attributes tested for the full system. On the phone detection task, we also obtain excellent frame-level accuracy of 86.6%. With this level of high-precision detection of basic speech units we have opened the door to a new family of flexible speech recognition system design for both top-down and bottom-up, lattice-based search strategies and knowledge integration.
Finite Element Analysis of Effective Thermal Conductivity of Filled Polymeric Composites

A novel method to predict the macroscopic effective thermal conductivity of filled composites, based on its microstructural characteristics is developed and validated. A finite element method which incorporates the effect of microstructural characteristics such as filler aspect ratio, interfacial thermal resistance, volume fraction, and filler and fiber dispersion to determine the effective thermal conductivity of a composite with circular and rectangular fillers is presented. Filler interactions and chain formation effects are included in the model. To overcome the laborious task of repeated finite element model generation, an algorithm which generates the positions and orientations of the fillers in the matrix is developed. The automated model development capability is used to create several microstructures for finite element analysis. The trends predicted by the finite element models are compared with existing analytical models and available experimental results. The advantage of this method over existing analytical and semi-empirical models is that it can handle interactive effects, provide a detail heat flux pattern, and also model high filler volume fractions.