Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using Ontologies for Enterprise Architecture Integration and Analysis

Enterprise architecture facilitates the alignment between different domains, such as business, applications and information technology. These domains must be described with description languages that best address the concerns of its stakeholders. However, current model-based enterprise architecture techniques are unable to integrate multiple descriptions languages either due to the lack of suitable extension mechanisms or because they lack the means to maintain the coherence, consistency and traceability between the representations of the multiple domains of the enterprise. On the other hand, enterprise architecture models are often designed and used for communication and not for automated analysis of its contents. Model analysis is a valuable tool for assessing the qualities of a model, such as conformance and completeness, and also for supporting decision making. This paper addresses these two issues found in model-based enterprise architecture: (1) the integration of domain description languages, and (2) the automated analysis of models. This proposal uses ontology engineering techniques to specify and integrate the different domains and reasoning and querying as a means to analyse the models. The utility of the proposal is shown through an evaluation scenario that involve the analysis of an enterprise architecture model that spans multiple domains.
Working with real world datasets: preprocessing and prediction with large incomplete and heterogeneous datasets

Synopsis Data analysis today is an area of high relevance to science and everyday predictions, with applications like stock exchange rate analysis, bioinformatics, natural language processing, or customer relationship management. The importance increases to the same extent as the collected data sets grow. Out of this wide area, three topics are picked in the following. Firstly, an application in image analysis is studied, optical imaging of intrinsic signals. There, methods are needed which extract neuronal activity patterns from highly noisy image sequences, which also contain strong signals from other sources. Extended Spatial Decorrelation is a blind source separation algorithm, which is already successfully applied to such data. It is extended by a regularization approach, which allows to incorporate prior knowledge about the time course of the signal of interest. A comparison between different variants of this algorithm shows that the extraction of the relevant source becomes more reliable. Two challenges for classification and regression are missing values and heterogeneous features. The majority of literature about missing values is concerned with the quality of parameter estimation for statistical models. On the other hand, the scope of this thesis are methods, which are suitable for prediction of target features. Approaches sensible for one task need not be appropriate for the other. An introduction into this field gives an overview of published methods. Furthermore, two methods are presented which allow to directly handle missing values, i.e. without prior pre-processing. Support vector machines with Gauss kernels are extended, and a statistical model based on entropy maximization (Approximate Maximum Entropy, AME) is presented and refined. Both can improve predictions for incomplete data sets (when compared to standard methods for handling missing values, or compared to competing learning methods, respectively). Cases for which this is to be expected are discussed. Many algorithms for data analysis interpret values of features as either discrete or continuous. If this assumption is not met by all features then problems concerning predictive performance can arise. An introduction discusses such problems and approaches to deal with them. In such situations, statistical models with highly flexible feature distributions (suitable for discrete and continuous features) appear sensible. The AME model, which is introduced in the following, is an example for such models. By choosing the constraints learned by the model appropriately, it can be adapted to the structure of available data. A comparison with support vector machines and mul-tilayer perceptrons shows cases, for which …
Understanding the Sources of Risk Underlying the Cross-Section of Commodity Returns

We show that a model featuring an average commodity factor, a carry factor, and a momentum factor is capable of describing the cross-sectional variation of commodity returns. More parsimonious one- and two-factor models that feature only the average and/or carry factors are rejected. To provide an economic interpretation, we show that innovations in global equity volatility can price portfolios formed on carry, while innovations in a commodity-based measure of speculative activity can price portfolios formed on momentum. Finally, we characterize the relation between the factors and the investment opportunity set. Data and the Internet appendix are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2017. 2840 This paper was accepted by Neng Wang, finance.
Trajectories for the wave function of the universe from a simple detector model

Inspired by Mott's (1929) analysis of particle tracks in a cloud chamber, we consider a simple model for quantum cosmology which includes, in the total Hamil- tonian, model detectors registering whether or not the system, at any stage in its en- tire history, passes through a series of regions in configuration space. We thus derive a variety of well-defined formulas for the probabilities for trajectories associated with the solutions to the Wheeler-DeWitt equation. The probability distribution is peaked about classical trajectories in configuration space. The "measured" wave functions still satisfy the Wheeler-DeWitt equation, except for small corrections due to the disturbance of the measuring device. With modified boundary conditions, the measurement amplitudes es- sentially agree with an earlier result of Hartle derived on rather different grounds. In the special case where the system is a collection of harmonic oscillators, the interpretation of the results is aided by the introduction of "timeless" coherent states - eigenstates of the Hamiltonian which are concentrated about entire classical trajectories.
MHDeS: deduplicating method handle graphs for efficient dynamic JVM language implementations

A method handle (MH) is a reference to an underlying Java method with potential method type transformations. Multiple inter-connected method handles form a method handle graph (MHG). Together with the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) instruction, invokedynamic, the implementation of MHGs is significant to dynamically typed language implementations on the JVM. Addressing the abundance of equivalent MHGs during program runtime, this paper presents an MHG equivalence model and an online Method Handle Deduplication System (MHDeS). The equivalence model determines the equivalence of two MHGs in terms of two kinds of keys, i.e., MH key and MHG key, which uniquely identify the transformation of an MH and an MHG, respectively. MHDeS is an implementation of the equivalence model. Instead of creating equivalent MHGs and then detecting their equivalence, MHDeS employs a light-weight structure, the MHG index key, which wraps constructor parameters of an MH. MHDeS uses a transformation index, fast-path comparison, and filters, to speed up the equivalence detection of an MHG index key. Our experimental results with the Computer Language Benchmark Game (CLBG) JRuby micro-indy show that 1) MHDeS with filtering off can speed up the benchmark by 4.67% and reduces memory usage by 7.19% on average; 2) the deduplication result can be affected by the choice of MH transformations for filtering; 3) MHDeS can have the MH JIT compilation performed earlier; and 4) as much as 32% of MHG index keys are detected as non-unique and eliminated by MHDeS, and the expense for a single detection is trivial.
Generalizations of Functionally Generated Portfolios with Applications to Statistical Arbitrage

The theory of functionally generated portfolios (FGPs) is an aspect of the continuous-time, continuous-path stochastic portfolio theory of E. R. Fernholz. FGPs have been formulated to yield a master equation---a description of their return relative to a passive (buy-and-hold) benchmark portfolio serving as the numeraire. This description has proved to be analytically very useful, as it is both pathwise and free of stochastic integrals. In this paper we generalize the class of FGPs in two ways: (1) the numeraire may be any strictly positive wealth process, not necessarily the market portfolio or even a passive portfolio; and (2) generating functions may be stochastically dynamic, adjusting to changing market conditions through an auxiliary continuous-path stochastic argument of finite variation. These generalizations do not forfeit the important tractability properties of the associated master equation. We show how these generalizations can be usefully applied to statistical arbitrage, portfolio risk immun.
Managing Flexible Products on a Network

A flexible product is a menu of two or more alternatives products serving the same market. Purchasers of flexible products are assigned to one of the alternatives at a later date. Gallego and Phillips [9] show that capacitated suppliers, such as airlines and hotels, can potentially improve revenue by offering flexible products in addition to traditional specific products. In this paper, we extend the concept of flexible products to networks. We study the network revenue management problem with flexible products in two different settings: one where the demand for each product is independently and exogenously generated; and the other where the demand is driven by a consumer choice model. We show that in both these settings the optimal value of the stochastic optimization problem can be closely approximated by the optimal value of a deterministic linear program. In the independent demand case the corresponding linear program is of modest size. When the demand is driven by a customer choice model, the linear program has exponentially many variables; however, we show that for an important class of consumer choice models the linear program can be efficiently solved using column-generation. We report the findings of numerical experiments with a real airline subnetwork and show how the results vary as a function of the key inputs. IEOR Department, Columbia University. Research partially supported by NSF grant DMI-02-18104 IEOR Department, Columbia University. Email: garud@ieor.columbia. edu. Research partially supported by NSF grants CCR-00-09972 and DMS-01-04282. Nomis Solutions. Research partially supported by NSF grant DMI-02-18104 School of Operations Research and Industrial Engineering, Cornell University
Hyperbaric oxygen therapy and preconditioning for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke

To date, the therapeutic methods for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke are still limited. The lack of oxygen supply is critical for brain injury following stroke. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO), an approach through a process in which patients breathe in 100% pure oxygen at over 101 kPa, has been shown to facilitate oxygen delivery and increase oxygen supply. Hence, HBO possesses the potentials to produce beneficial effects on stroke. Actually, accumulated basic and clinical evidences have demonstrated that HBO therapy and preconditioning could induce neuroprotective functions via different mechanisms. Nevertheless, the lack of clinical translational study limits the application of HBO. More translational studies and clinical trials are needed in the future to develop effective HBO protocols.
Population-Based Study of Streptococcus suis Infection in Humans in Phayao Province in Northern Thailand

Background Streptococcus suis infection in humans has received increasing worldwide recognition. Methods and Findings A prospective study of S. suis infection in humans was conducted in Phayao Province in northern Thailand to determine the incidence and the risk behaviors of the disease in this region in 2010. Thirty-one cases were confirmed. The case fatality rate was 16.1%, and the estimated incidence rate was 6.2 per 100,000 in the general population. The peak incidence occurred in May. The median age of the patients was 53 years and 64.5% were men. Consumption of raw pork products was confirmed in 22 cases and the median incubation period (range) was 2 days (0–11) after consumption of raw pork products. Isolates from 31 patients were confirmed as serotype 2 in 23 patients (74.2%) and serotype 14 in eight patients (25.8%). The major sequence types (STs) were ST1 (n = 20) for serotype 2 and ST105 (n = 8) for serotype 14. The epidemiological analysis suggested three possible clusters, which included 17 cases. In the largest possible cluster of 10 cases in Chiang Kham and its neighboring districts in May, the source of infection in four cases was identified as a raw pork dish served at the same restaurant in this district. Microbiological analysis confirmed that three of four cases associated with consumption of raw pork at this restaurant were attributable to an identical strain of serotype 2 with ST1 and pulsotype A2. Conclusions Our data suggest a high incidence rate of S. suis infection in the general population in Phayao Province in 2010 and confirm a cluster of three cases in 31 human cases. Food safety control should be strengthened especially for raw pork products in northern Thailand.
Quasars: What Turns Them Off?

While the high-redshift quasar luminosity function closely parallels the hierarchical growth of dark matter halos, at lower redshifts quasars exhibit an antihierarchical turnoff, which moves from the most luminous objects to the faintest. We explore the idea that this may arise from self-regulating feedback, caused by quasar outflows. Using a hybrid approach that combines a detailed hydrodynamic simulation with observationally derived relationships, we calculate the luminosity function of quasars down to a redshift of z = 1 in a large, cosmologically representative volume. Outflows are included explicitly by tracking halo mergers and driving shocks into the surrounding intergalactic medium, with an energy output equal to a fixed 5% fraction of the bolometric luminosity. Our results are in excellent agreement with measurements of the spatial distribution of quasars on both small and large scales, and we detect an intriguing excess of galaxy-quasar pairs at very short separations. Our results also reproduce an antihierarchical turnoff in the quasar luminosity function; however, this falls short of that observed, as well as that predicted by analogous semianalytic models. The difference can be traced to the treatment of gas heating within galaxies and the presence of in-shock cooling. The simulated galaxy cluster LX-T relationship is close to that observed for z ≈ 1 clusters, but the simulated galaxy groups at z = 1 are significantly perturbed by quasar outflows. Measurements of anomalously high X-ray emission in high-redshift groups, along with detections of 1000 km s-1 winds in poststarburst ellipticals, would provide definitive evidence for the AGN-heating hypothesis.
Chronic lung disease in HIV-infected children established on antiretroviral therapy

Objective:Respiratory disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in HIV-infected children. Despite antiretroviral therapy (ART), children suffer chronic symptoms. We investigated symptom prevalence, lung function and exercise capacity among older children established on ART and an age-matched HIV-uninfected group. Design:A cross-sectional study in Zimbabwe of HIV-infected children aged 6–16 years receiving ART for over 6 months and HIV-uninfected children attending primary health clinics from the same area. Methods:Standardized questionnaire, spirometry, incremental shuttle walk testing, CD4+ cell count, HIV viral load and sputum culture for tuberculosis were performed. Results:A total of 202 HIV-infected and 150 uninfected participants (median age 11.1 years in each group) were recruited. Median age at HIV diagnosis and ART initiation was 5.5 (interquartile range 2.8–7.5) and 6.1 (interquartile range 3.6–8.4) years, respectively. Median CD4+ cell count was 726 cells/&mgr;l, and 79% had HIV viral load less than 400 copies/ml. Chronic respiratory symptoms were rare in HIV-uninfected children [n = 1 (0.7%)], but common in HIV-infected participants [51 (25%)], especially cough [30 (15%)] and dyspnoea [30 (15%)]. HIV-infected participants were more commonly previously treated for tuberculosis [76 (38%) vs 1 (0.7%), P < 0.001], had lower exercise capacity (mean incremental shuttle walk testing distance 771 vs 889 m, respectively, P < 0.001) and more frequently abnormal spirometry [43 (24.3%) vs 15 (11.5%), P = 0.003] compared with HIV-uninfected participants. HIV diagnosis at an older age was associated with lung function abnormality (P = 0.025). No participant tested positive for Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Conclusion:In children, despite ART, HIV is associated with significant respiratory symptoms and functional impairment. Understanding pathogenesis is key, as new treatment strategies are urgently required.
Effects of Silica in Rice Husk Ash (RHA) in producing High Strength Concrete

High strength concrete (HSC) are known to have a higher amount of cement binder in the mix design properties with low w/b ratio. The high mass of cement content produced substantial heat liberation in the concrete due to the reaction between cement and water, which can lead to cracking. Additive likes silica fume is too expensive to use in the HSC in order to overcome the problems, however, the initiative of utilizing the rice husk ash (RHA) which have high silica content are apply for the design of HSC. The RHA is obtained by burning the rice husk which is an agro-waste material, and was found to have good pozzolanic material properties. This paper highlighted the study conducted in determining the effect of silica content in RHA in HSC production. The strength performance considered in this study is 60 N/mm 2 and 70 N/mm 2 . The percentages used as cement replacement varies, i.e. 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% of RHA by cement weight, and with addition of superplasticizer. Compressive strength test was conducted at age of 28, 60 and 90 days to see the development of strength, while for the durability index performance, the Rapid Chloride Penetration Test (RCPT) tested at age 28, 60 and 90 days and water absorption test tested at age 28 and 90 days of water curing were performed. This research paper reported that 10% replacement of cement with RHA was found to be the optimum replacement in achieving the targeted strength, however, for durability index performance, higher replacement level (up to 50%) can be achieved, resulted in decreased in charge passed and decreased in water absorption, therefore, improved the durability performance of the concrete. These shows that high amount of silica in RHA gave some effects on the strength and durability of the HSC.
A Random Walk Down Main Street: Can Experts Predict Returns on Commercial Real Estate?

This study examines the ability of experts, specifically institutional owners and managers, to predict commercial real estate return performance in major metropolitan markets and on various property types. The findings indicate that the consensus opinions on investment conditions contained in Real Estate Research Corporation's quarterly Real Estate Investment Survey are useful in forecasting subsequent return performance. In fact, the findings document that RERC's surveys are backward looking. The implications of these findings for investors are discussed.
Detection of dependence patterns with delay

The Unitary Events (UE) method is a popular and efficient method used this last decade to detect dependence patterns of joint spike activity among simultaneously recorded neurons. The first introduced method is based on binned coincidence count (Grün, 1996) and can be applied on two or more simultaneously recorded neurons. Among the improvements of the methods, a transposition to the continuous framework has recently been proposed by Muiño and Borgelt (2014) and fully investigated by Tuleau‐Malot et al. (2014) for two neurons. The goal of the present paper is to extend this study to more than two neurons. The main result is the determination of the limit distribution of the coincidence count. This leads to the construction of an independence test between L≥2 neurons. Finally, we propose a multiple test procedure via a Benjamini and Hochberg approach (Benjamini and Hochberg, 1995). All the theoretical results are illustrated by a simulation study, and compared to the UE method proposed by Grün et al. (2002). Furthermore our method is applied on real data.
A Review and Advance of High-Occupancy Toll Lanes’ Toll Schemes

This paper reviews the pricing of high-occupancy toll (HOT) lanes and finds that 1) existing dynamic pricing adjusts every 3-15 minutes according to such parameters as speed, density, and/or volume, 2) tolls increase progressively with traffic to ensure free flow HOT lanes, 3) for multi-zone HOT lanes, tolls tend to be determined by the most congested zone, 4) the reaction of motorists to toll adjustments is either unspecified or oversimplified, and 5) a toll boundary is essential to mediate extreme fluctuations. Based on values of time savings and reliability, a novel toll scheme was proposed as a function of speed of general-purpose lanes; tolls in a selected 10-mile HOT corridor varied between $0.77 and $12.64 per use, of which the value of reliability accounted for 24% to 44% while that of time savings accounted for the remainder. The proposed toll scheme can be applied to time-of-day or dynamic HOT pricing.
The impact of gender frame sponsorship on the frame process in sport

Media represent a dominant constructor of reality in today's mediated culture, and frame research has examined this construction, particularly in sport, and concluded that media influence the continuance of hegemonic ideals that devalue women (Carragee & Roefs, 2004; Funkhauser, 1973; Lind & Salo, 2002). Framing's alignment with agenda setting centers on the transfer of frames from agenda to agenda through frame sponsorship and incorporates an examination of power by considering who influences the media agenda (Carragee & Roefs, 2004). A sport gender frame sponsorship analysis revealed the continuance and dominance of negative gender frames in both public relations and media texts. It also identified an additional negative gender frame in sport, the hierarchy of topics, in both public relations material and media. Analysis also confirmed the inclusion of frame sponsorship in process models; however it noted a distinction between issue frame sponsorship and attribute frame sponsorship. Frames were found to transfer issues and attributes separately, just as agenda setting research. Sport public relations personnel were successful in placing their frames in media discourse, but the centrality of power in frame sponsorship raises ideological concerns. The study found damaging gender frames were sponsored and placed successfully in media discourse, perpetuating the devaluation of women athletes and women's sport, but positive gender frames were also successfully sponsored. Thus frame sponsorship is an active component of the framing process and serves as a viable consideration in producing counter-hegemonic frames to challenge dominant ideology in sport.