Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Compact massive objects in Virgo galaxies: the black hole population

We investigate the distribution of massive black holes (MBHs) in the Virgo cluster. Observations suggest that active galactic nuclei activity is widespread in massive galaxies (M∗ 10 10 M� ), while at lower galaxy masses star clusters are more abundant, which might imply a limited presence of central black holes in these galaxy-mass regimes. We explore if this possible threshold in MBH hosting is linked to nature, nurture or a mixture of both. The nature scenario arises naturally in hierarchical cosmologies, as MBH formation mechanisms typically are efficient in biased systems, which would later evolve into massive galaxies. Nurture, in the guise of MBH ejections following MBH mergers, provides an additional mechanism that is more effective for low mass, satellite galaxies. The combination of inefficient formation, and lower retention of MBHs, leads to the natural explanation of the distribution of compact massive objects in Virgo galaxies. If MBHs arrive to the correlation with the host mass and velocity dispersion during merger-triggered accretion episodes, sustained tidal stripping of the host galaxies creates a population of MBHs which lie above the expected scaling between the holes and their host mass, suggesting a possible environmental dependence.
Matching-based distributed resource allocation in cognitive femtocell networks

In this paper, a novel framework is proposed for joint subchannel assignment and power allocation in the uplink of cognitive femtocell network (CFN). In the studied model, femtocell base stations (FBSs) are deployed to serve a set of femtocell user equipments (FUEs) by reusing subchannels in a macrocell network. The problem of optimal allocation of subchannels and transmit power is formulated as an optimization problem in which the goal is to maximize the overall uplink throughput while guaranteeing minimum rate requirement of the served FUEs and macrocell base station (MBS) protection. To solve this problem, a novel framework based on matching theory is proposed to model and analyze the competitive behaviors among the FUEs and FBSs. Using this framework, distributed algorithms are implemented to enable the CFN to make decisions on subchannel allocation and power control. The developed algorithms are then shown to converge to stable matchings. Simulation results show that the proposed approach yields a notable performance improvement, in terms of the overall network throughput and outage probability while requiring only a small number of iterations for convergence.
The Research on the GC Property for RNNs with Limited Matrix 2-Norm

The global convergence (GC) analysis of recurrent neural networks (RNNs) is a first and necessary step for any practical applications of them. In the present paper, when the connecting matrix of the RNNs with projection mapping owning limited norm, the GC property is assured under the critical condition. The results given here not only improve deeply upon the existing relevant critical as well as non-critical dynamics conclusions in literature, but also can be used in the practical application of RNNs directly.
The SGGX microflake distribution

We introduce the Symmetric GGX (SGGX) distribution to represent spatially-varying properties of anisotropic microflake participating media. Our key theoretical insight is to represent a microflake distribution by the projected area of the microflakes. We use the projected area to parameterize the shape of an ellipsoid, from which we recover a distribution of normals. The representation based on the projected area allows for robust linear interpolation and prefiltering, and thanks to its geometric interpretation, we derive closed form expressions for all operations used in the microflake framework. We also incorporate microflakes with diffuse reflectance in our theoretical framework. This allows us to model the appearance of rough diffuse materials in addition to rough specular materials. Finally, we use the idea of sampling the distribution of visible normals to design a perfect importance sampling technique for our SGGX microflake phase functions. It is analytic, deterministic, simple to implement, and one order of magnitude faster than previous work.
Comparison between Trans-Cranial Electromagnetic Stimulation and Low-Level Laser on Modulation of Trigeminal Neuralgia

[Purpose] To determine which of the transcranial electromagnetic stimulation or low level laser therapy is more effective in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia of multiple sclerosis patients. [Methods] Thirty multiple sclerosis patients of both sexes participated in this study. The age of the subjects ranged from 40 to 60 years and their mean age was (56.4–6.6). Participants were randomly selected from Dental and Neurology Outpatient Clinics at King Khalid Hospital, Najran University, Saudi Arabia. Patients were randomly divided into two equal groups of 15. The Laser group received a low level laser therapy, 830 nm wavelength, 10 Hz and 15 min duration, while the Electromagnetic group received repetitive transcranial electromagnetic stimulation at a frequency of 10 Hz, intensity of 50 mA and duration of 20 minutes. Patients were assessed pre and post treatment for degree of pain using a numerical rating scale, maximal oral mouth opening using a digital calibrated caliper, masseter muscle tension using a tensiometer and a compound action potentials of masseter and temporalis muscles. [Results] There were significant improvements after treatment in both groups, with a significant difference between the Electromagnetic and Laser groups, in favor of the Electromagnetic group. [Conclusion] Repetitive transcranial electromagnetic stimulation at 10 Hz, 50 mA, and 20 minutes duration is more effective than low level laser therapy at reducing trigeminal pain, increasing maximum oral mouth opening, masseter and temporalis muscle tension in multiple sclerosis patients.
Authenticity / ةحصلا (as-sehah) in Employment Relations: Theology of the Workplace Comparative Analysis of Islam and Roman Catholic Social Teaching A paper accepted for presentation at the Management Spirituality and Religion Interest Group, Academy of Management Conference, 2015

Authenticity / ةحصلا (as-sehah) serves as a criterion or predictor variable in a comparative theological investigation of employment relations parameters in light of social teachings from Sunni Islam and Roman Catholicism. Authenticity finds initial, shared significance in both religious traditions because of its critically important role in judgments concerning the legitimacy of source documents. It also stands in both traditions as an inspirational goal for human life. Particular issues of theological method for cross-cultural analysis are addressed by use of insightbased critical realism as a transcultural foundation. Workplace parameters, the minimal enabling conditions for the possibility of authentic employment relations, are then identified and compared. We explore common expectations for a theology of the workplace in terms of the direct and indirect employer: those national laws, systems, and traditions that condition the functional range of authenticity that can be actualized within national or other work settings as experienced in the direct employment contract. The method and findings are a first effort to clarify thought and aid mutual understanding for inter-faith employment circumstances, with criterion variable content now available to support research in management spirituality, corporate social responsibility and enterprise sustainability.
Symmetry principles in quantum system theory of multi-qubit systems made simple

Controllability and observability of multi-spin systems in architectures of various symmetries of coupling type and topology are investigated. We complement recent work of explicitly determining the respective dynamic system Lie algebras and thereby also precise reachability sets under symmetry constraints. Here the focus is on the converse: under which conditions can the absence of symmetry be taken as an indicator of universality of the hardware architecture? More precisely, the absence of symmetry implies irreducibility and provides a convenient necessary condition for full controllability. Though much easier to assess than the well-established Lie-algebra rank condition, this is not sufficient unless in an n-qubit system with connected coupling topology the candidate dynamic simple Lie algebra can be identified uniquely as the full unitary algebra su(2n). - Here we discuss simple tests confined to solving homogeneous linear equations in order to filter irreducible unitary representations of other candidate algebras of classical type (orthogonal ones and unitary symplectic ones). Finally, we give an outlook under which conditions algebras of exceptional type can also be ruled out.
Discretionary HR practices and proactive work behaviour: the mediation role of affective commitment and the moderation roles of PSM and abusive supervision

ABSTRACT Proactive work behaviour may drive public employees to proactively improve public service quality. This research seeks an insight into the role of discretionary human resource (HR) practices in fostering proactive work behaviour among public employees through the mediation mechanism of affective commitment. The data for the research variables were harvested from public employees and their direct managers from local governments at the district level in Ho Chi Minh City of Vietnam. The research results shed light on the positive association between discretionary HR practices and public employees’ proactive work behaviour, which was mediated by affective commitment. The research results also supported the role of public service motivation (PSM) as an intensifier and abusive supervision as a negative moderator for the effect of discretionary HR practices on affective commitment and proactive work behaviour. Our research model integrates discretionary HRM and proactive work behaviour research streams into public management literature.
Breaking scale invariance from a singular inflaton potential

In this paper we break the scale invariance of the primordial power spectrum of curvature perturbations of inflation. Introducing a singular behaviour due to spontaneous symmetry breaking in the inflaton potential, we obtain fully analytic expressions for scale dependent oscillation and a modulation in power on a small scale in the primordial spectrum. And we give the associated cosmic microwave background and matter power spectra which we can observe now and discuss the signature of the scale dependence. We also address whether some inflationary model with a featured potential might mimic the predictions of the scale invariant power spectrum. We present some examples which illustrate such degeneracies.
Increasing patients’ ability to identify their physicians with a photo album: a prospective study

Objectives Patients in teaching hospitals often encounter difficulty in correctly identifying their physicians. We hypothesized that a photo album of physicians might increase the ability of patients to correctly identify their physicians and hence conducted this study to test the hypothesis. Design A prospective study was conducted. Setting Department of Surgery, The Third XiangYa Hospital. Participants The patients were divided into two groups on admission: group A as intervention group (n = 75) and group B as control group (n = 94). All the patients were verbally informed of their medical team but only the patients in group A (the intervention group) were also shown the photos of their medical team. Main outcome measures One day before being discharged, the patients in group A (the intervention group) were asked to return the photo albums, and all the patients from both groups were asked to give the names of their caring physicians prior to departure from the hospital. Results Only 53% of the patients (50 out of 94) in group B (the control group) could give at least one of their physicians’ name, while 85% of the patients (64 out of 75) in group A (the intervention group) could tell at least one of their physicians’ name; there is a significant difference (p < 0.005, 95% CI, 17.4–44.7%). Conclusion Patients’ ability to identify their physicians can be significantly increased with a photo album.
The implementation of sustainability practices in Portuguese higher education institutions

Purpose The purpose of this work is to analyze the current state of implementation of sustainability development (SD) in Portuguese higher education institutions (HEIs). Design/methodology/approach A questionnaire was developed to measure the level of implementation of SD practices in HEIs as well as the number of rankings, certifications and declarations of these institutions. The questionnaire was sent by e-mail to all rectors, presidents, directors of faculties, departments and schools of Portuguese universities and polytechnics. A sample of 53 leaders was obtained. Findings Portuguese HEIs are mainly engaged in the social dimension of sustainability. The economic dimension emerges in second place and the institutional in third; the environmental dimension is the least developed. Except for a few specific topics (e.g. related to research on SD, and the offer of degree courses in SD), there are no significant differences between universities and polytechnics in the implementation of SD practices. Only 11 per cent of HEIs are innovators in the implementation of SD practices, and a majority of HEIs have implemented less than 34 per cent of the SD practices studied. Research limitations/implications This research has a national scope, and the results should be interpreted only in the Portuguese context. Future studies should include a larger range of institutional actors within the faculty. Practical implications This study provides valuable insights and theoretical and methodological guidance for future implementation processes supporting the transition to sustainability in HEIs. Originality/value This is the first study conducted in Portuguese HEIs with the aim of determining their efforts to implement and promote sustainability.
SF-HME system: a hierarchical mixtures-of-experts classification system for spam filtering

Many linear statistical models have been lately proposed in text classification related literature and evaluated against the Unsolicited Bulk Email filtering problem. Despite their popularity - due both to their simplicity and relative ease of interpretation - the non-linearity assumption of data samples is inappropriate in practice, due to its inability to capture the apparent non-linear relationships, which characterize these samples. In this paper, we propose the SF-HME, a Hierarchical Mixture-of-Experts system, attempting to overcome limitations common to other machine-learning based approaches when applied to spam mail classification. By reducing the dimensionality of data through the usage of the effective Simba algorithm for feature selection, we evaluated our SF-HME system with a publicly available corpus of emails, with very high similarity between legitimate and bulk email - and thus low discriminative potential - where the traditional rule based filtering approaches achieve considerable lower degrees of precision. As a result, we confirm the domination of our SF-HME method against other machine learning approaches, which appeared to present lesser degree of recall.
The Cultural Psychology of Clinton and Trump Supporters

Master narratives are culturally constituted stories that guide individual and collective behavior. Here, we examined Clinton and Trump supporters’ master narratives of election night 2016 and deviations from these narratives in relation to political ideology. In Study 1, Clinton and Trump voters (N = 177) wrote stories about election night and completed measures of liberalism and right-wing authoritarianism (RWA). Stories were interpreted using an inductive approach, leading to the identification of six narrative dimensions. Three linguistic categories were also considered. Study 2 (N = 341) consisted of a direct replication in which our inductively derived coding system was applied to participants’ responses deductively. Across studies, the narratives constructed by Clinton and Trump supporters differed on five of the six inductive/deductive dimensions and one of the three linguistic dimensions assessed. In addition, many of these dimensions, which included “redemption” and “hope for America’s future,” were associated with liberalism and RWA.
Expression of Telomerase and Telomere Length Are Unaffected by either Age or Limb Regeneration in Danio rerio

Background The zebrafish is an increasingly popular model for studying many aspects of biology. Recently, ztert, the zebrafish homolog of the mammalian telomerase gene has been cloned and sequenced. In contrast to humans, it has been shown that the zebrafish maintains telomerase activity for much of its adult life and has remarkable regenerative capacity. To date, there has been no longitudinal study to assess whether this retention of telomerase activity equates to the retention of chromosome telomere length through adulthood. Methodology/Principal Findings We have systematically analyzed individual organs of zebrafish with regard to both telomere length and telomerase activity at various time points in its adult life. Heart, gills, kidney, spleen, liver, and intestine were evaluated at 3 months, 6 months, 9 months, and 2 years of age by Southern blot analysis. We found that telomeres do not appreciably shorten throughout the lifespan of the zebrafish in any organ. In addition, there was little difference in telomere lengths between organs. Even when cells were under the highest pressure to divide after fin-clipping experiments, telomere length was unaffected. All aged (2 year old) tissues examined also expressed active amounts of telomerase activity as assessed by TRAP assay. Conclusions/Significance In contrast to several other species including humans, the retention of lifelong telomerase and telomeres, as we have reported here, would be necessary in the zebrafish to maintain its tremendous regenerative capacity. The ongoing study of the zebrafish's ability to maintain telomerase activity may be helpful in unraveling the complexity involved in the maintenance (or lack thereof) of telomeres in other species such the mouse or human.
1485-6441 Flexible Inflation Forecast Targeting : Evidence from Canada

V8W 2Y2; e-mail: dgiles@uvic.ca; FAX: (250) 721-6214 Abstract We examine models of flexible inflation forecast targeting. The target criteria from these models restrict the conditionally expected paths of inflation and output targeted by the central bank. We estimate and test these criteria for Canada, an early adopter of inflation targeting. We show that the Bank of Canada systematically balances inflation and economic activity over the medium term policy horizon consistent with flexible inflation targeting. Further, our results establish the usefulness of flexible inflation targeting rules as an alternative to standard Taylor rules.
How oxygen makes its presence felt.

The emergence of complex multicellular organisms during evolution required systems for ensuring adequate cellular oxygenation. Any reader doubting the veracity of this statement is invited to hold his or her breath while reading the remainder of this article. For this reason, considerable effort has been devoted to understanding how cells in higher eukaryotes sense and respond to changes in oxygen availability. Over the years a number of models were put forth to explain how cells sense oxygen. Unfortunately, these models were complex and, at times, contradictory. For example, some models suggested that a decrease in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) gave rise to a low oxygen (hypoxia) signal whereas other models suggested the opposite (Semenza 1999). Likewise, some models suggested that mitochondria were categorically required for delivery of a hypoxic signal whereas others did not (Chandel et al. 1998; Srinivas et al. 2001; Vaux et al. 2001). Approximately one year ago, however, a surprisingly simple and conceptually attractive picture of oxygen sensing began to emerge. At the heart of this model is a posttranslational modification, hydroxylation, that is inherently oxygen-dependent, and a transcription factor called HIF (hypoxia-inducible factor). It has been known for some time that HIF is a master regulator of genes that are activated by low oxygen levels (Semenza 2001). These genes encode proteins that play roles in the acute and chronic adaptation to oxygen deficiency. The former include proteins involved in regulating glucose uptake, glucose metabolism, and extracellular pH, which allow for continued energy generation in a hypoxic environment. The latter include proteins involved in angiogenesis and erythropoiesis, which increase blood vessel density and blood oxygen-carrying capacity, respectively. HIF is a heterodimer consisting of one of three alpha subunits (HIF-1 , HIF-2 , or HIF-3 ) and a beta subunit (HIF-1 , also called Aryl Hydrocarbon Nuclear Translocator, or ARNT). As its name suggests, HIF is only active under hypoxic conditions. This is because the alpha subunits are rapidly degraded in the presence of oxygen due to polyubiquitination by an E3 ubiquitin ligase complex that contains the von HippelLindau tumor suppressor protein (pVHL), elongin B, elongin C, Cul2, and Rbx1 (also called ROC1 or Hrt1) (Semenza 2001; Yang and Kaelin 2001). The best studied of the alpha subunits is the ubiquitous HIF-1 . pVHL binds directly to a peptidic determinant located within a region of HIF-1 called the oxygen-dependent degradation domain (ODD), which overlaps with the HIF-1 Nterminal transactivation domain (NTAD) and is sufficient to render heterologous proteins unstable in the presence of oxygen.
From nesting to dressing

In integrable field theories the S-matrix is usually a product of a relatively simple matrix and a complicated scalar factor. We make an observation that in many relativistic integrable field theories the scalar factor can be expressed as a convolution of simple kernels appearing in the nested levels of the nested Bethe ansatz. We formulate a proposal, up to some discrete ambiguities, how to reconstruct the scalar factor from the nested Bethe equations and check it for several relativistic integrable field theories. We then apply this proposal to the AdS asymptotic Bethe ansatz and recover the dressing factor in the integral representation of Dorey, Hofman, and Maldacena.