Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Alcohol-Related God/Higher Power Control Beliefs, Locus of Control, and Recovery Within the Alcoholics Anonymous Paradigm

Abstract This study explored the relationships among spirituality, control beliefs, and treatment outcomes by examining internal and God/Higher Power control beliefs in members of Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). Participants included 89 male and 55 female (N= 144) adult alcoholics who were currently attending AA meetings. Questionnaires assessing alcohol-related God/Higher Power control beliefs, drinking-related control beliefs, satisfaction with life, and length of sobriety were completed by AA members. Guided by Pargament et al.'s (1988) model of collaborative religious coping, it was hypothesized that greater length of sobriety and satisfaction with life would be found in individuals who simultaneously endorsed internal and God/Higher Power drinking-related control beliefs. Contrary to expectation, the results from this study showed that individuals who endorsed internal and God/Higher Power control beliefs did not have significantly better satisfaction with life or longer sobriety than the other groups. Instead, results showed that among individuals who have low God/Higher Power control beliefs, those who endorse internal drinking-related control beliefs have significantly longer sobriety than do those who are more external in their control beliefs. Control beliefs did not relate, either directly or indirectly, to life satisfaction.
Mastery learning: how is it helpful? An analytical review

The desire to be good at one’s work grows out of the aspiration, competition, and a yearning to be the best. Surgeons, in their aim to provide the best care possible to their patients, adopt this behavior to achieve high levels of expert performance through mastery learning, and the surgical training attempts to prepare them optimally to lead a virtuous and productive life. The proponents of the framework reject evidence that suggests that other variables are also necessary to achieve high levels of expert performance. Here, we review various models and designs to achieve mastery along with their pros and cons to help us understand how mastery learning is helpful in surgical practice.
Merely Being with you Increases My Attention to Luxury Products: Using EEG to Understand Consumers’ Emotional Experience with Luxury Branded Products

Electrophysiological and hemodynamic studies provide substantial evidence of dissimilar brain responses when people view emotional compared with neutral pictures. This study investigates consumer brain responses underpinning passive viewing of luxury (high emotional value) versus basic (low emotional value) branded products when participants are alone or with another person. Conforming to social facilitation theory and using electroencephalogram methods, the authors recorded event-related potentials while female participants passively viewed pictures of luxury and basic branded products. They examined event-related-potential amplitudes in three time windows, corresponding to the P2 and P3 components and the late positive potential (LPP). Dissimilar brain responses occurred in the Together but not the Alone condition for the P2 and P3 components over visual cortex sites. The LPP amplitude was higher for luxury than for basic branded products, but only in the Together condition, suggesting that the presence of another person magnifies the emotional effect of brand type. Taken together, the results suggest that LPP amplitude during passive viewing of relevant marketing images reflects increased attention allocation and motivational significance, both enhanced by the presence of another person, to stimuli with higher emotional value.
In Vivo Cytotoxicity of Insulin-Specific CD8+ T-Cells in HLA-A*0201 Transgenic NOD Mice

OBJECTIVE—CD8+ T-cells specific for islet antigens are essential for the development of type 1 diabetes in the NOD mouse model of the disease. Such T-cells can also be detected in the blood of type 1 diabetic patients, suggesting their importance in the pathogenesis of the human disease as well. The development of peptide-based therapeutic reagents that target islet-reactive CD8+ T-cells will require the identification of disease-relevant epitopes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—We used islet-infiltrating CD8+ T-cells from HLA-A*0201 transgenic NOD mice in an interferon-γ enzyme-linked immunospot assay to identify autoantigenic peptides targeted during the spontaneous development of disease. We concentrated on insulin (Ins), which is a key target of the autoimmune response in NOD mice and patients alike. RESULTS—We found that HLA-A*0201-restricted T-cells isolated from the islets of the transgenic mice were specific for Ins1 L3–11, Ins1 B5–14, and Ins1/2 A2–10. Insulin-reactive T-cells were present in the islets of mice as young as 5 weeks of age, suggesting an important function for these specificities early in the pathogenic process. Although there was individual variation in peptide reactivity, Ins1 B5–14 and Ins1/2 A2–10 were the immunodominant epitopes. Notably, in vivo cytotoxicity to cells bearing these peptides was observed, further confirming them as important targets of the pathogenic process. CONCLUSIONS—The human versions of B5–14 and A2–10, differing from the murine peptides by only a single residue, represent excellent candidates to explore as CD8+ T-cell targets in HLA-A*0201–positive type 1 diabetic patients.
The Performance of Protocols Based on Locks with Ordered Sharing

There is growing evidence that for a wide variety of database workloads and system configurations, locking-based concurrency control outperforms other types of concurrency control strategies. However, in the presence of increased data contention, locking protocols such as two-phase locking perform poorly. In this paper, we analyze a family of locking-based protocols that employ a new relationship between locks called ordered sharing. Using a centralized database simulation model, we demonstrate that these protocols exhibit comparable performance to that of traditional locking-based protocols when data contention is low, and they exhibit superior performance when data contention is high. Furthermore, we show that the performance of these protocols improves as resources become more plentiful. This is particularly significant because the performance of two-phase locking degrades as a result of data contention, not resource contention. Thus, introducing additional resources improves the performance of the proposed protocols, though it does not benefit two-phase locking significantly. >
Gas chromatographic prediction of equilibrium phase atrazine after sorption onto derived activated carbon.

Inexpensive remediation method was adopted for Atrazine adsorption by derived Poultry Droppings (PD) and Poultry Wastes (PW) activated carbon. This was proposed to improve the ecological system and add value to the Biomass. GCMS quantitation was employed to investigate the sorption efficiency of the organochlorine herbicide from aqueous phase as it was evidently experimented. Performance of acid catalyzed (PD/A) and Salt treated (PW/Z) sorbents respectively demonstrated about 91.908% and 83.624% atrazine uptake, being highest in their respective series. Both filters however shows a good competitive adsorption though slightly lower than the reference commercial M&B carbon (Comm.) estimated uptake of 23.731 out of 25.00 gdm valued as 94.924% removal. The role played by type of activating agent and -3 physicochemical parameters such as density (0.250-0.496) and high porosity (00.952-0.975) were discussed. The major results support the conclusion that Gas Chromatography as a quantitative instrument is critical for isolating and detecting single equilibrium phase analyte from a multicomponent sample especially when coupled with a mass Spectrophotometer detector and with external standards from same matrix.
A Comparison of Offline and Online Friendship Qualities at Different Stages of Relationship Development

The present study was designed to compare offline and online friendship qualities at different stages of relationship development. The sample consisted of 162 Hong Kong Internet users. They were asked to think of two friends, one they knew through face-to-face interactions and one they knew through the Internet, and then describe the qualities of their offline and online friendships. Results revealed that offline friendships involved more interdependence, breadth, depth, code change, understanding, commitment, and network convergence than online friendships. However, although the qualities of both online and offline friendships improved as the duration of the relationship increased, the differences between the two types of friendships diminished over time. Furthermore, contrary to the evidence typically found for offline friendships, the qualities of cross-sex online friendships were higher than that of same-sex online friendship. These results suggest that the influence of the structural and normative constraints typically found in face-to-face interaction may be different in the online setting.
The motivations of career change students in teacher education

In this article, results are presented from a large‐scale online survey about the motivations of career change students, and their beliefs about the attributes that they bring to the teaching profession. The findings revealed that career changers' motivations were largely intrinsic, although pragmatic decisions were also important, with perceived family‐friendliness of a teaching career a common response. These findings generally support findings of previous research into motivations to teach, as found in the literature. The data examined in this paper also revealed that career change entrants believed that the most important attributes they bring to teaching are life experiences, generic workplace skills and experience, and personal qualities, rather than specific content knowledge. These findings provide support for the continued targeting of career change people into the profession, particularly in the current policy context in which some stakeholders express concerns about a perceived lack of quality of teaching in Australian schools.
Adaptive Position/Attitude Tracking Control of Aerial Robot With Unknown Inertial Matrix Based on a New Robust Neural Identifier

This paper presents a novel adaptive controller for controlling an autonomous helicopter with unknown inertial matrix to asymptotically track the desired trajectory. To identify the unknown inertial matrix included in the attitude dynamic model, this paper proposes a new structural identifier that differs from those previously proposed in that it additionally contains a neural networks (NNs) mechanism and a robust adaptive mechanism, respectively. Using the NNs to compensate the unknown aerodynamic forces online and the robust adaptive mechanism to cancel the combination of the overlarge NNs compensation error and the external disturbances, the new robust neural identifier exhibits a better identification performance in the complex flight environment. Moreover, an optimized algorithm is included in the NNs mechanism to alleviate the burdensome online computation. By the strict Lyapunov argument, the asymptotic convergence of the inertial matrix identification error, position tracking error, and attitude tracking error to arbitrarily small neighborhood of the origin is proved. The simulation and implementation results are provided to evaluate the performance of the proposed controller.
The Maslach Burnout Inventory: Testing for factorial validity and invariance across elementary, intermediate and secondary teachers

The purposes of the study were: (a) to test for the factorial validity of the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) separately for elementary (N = 1159), intermediate (N = 388) and secondary (N = 1384) teachers; (b) given findings of inadequate model fit, to propose and test an alternative factorial structure; (c) to cross-validate this structure across an independent sample for each teacher group; and (d) to test for the equivalence of item measurements and theoretical structure across these three teaching panels. Although confirmatory and exploratory factor analytic findings supported a three-factor structure, the deletion of two items (nos 12 and 16) yielded a better fitting model that was, for the most part, psychometrically and structurally invariant across groups. This study is the most rigorous to date in testing the factorial validity of the MBI in general, and as it bears on members of the teaching profession in particular.
Narcissism in Organizations: A Multisource Appraisal Reflects Different Perspectives

The majority of employees state that their manager is the worst aspect of their job. Over the past decade, a considerable amount of research has been devoted to identifying factors that contribute to immoral and ineffective leader behavior. Researchers have continually linked personality, and in particular narcissism, to the proclivity of leaders to behave ineffectively and unethically. This study represents an initial attempt to examine the relationship between narcissism and leadership in an organizational setting to determine the extent to which narcissism is related to managerial effectiveness and integrity. Results indicated that narcissism was negatively related to supervisor ratings of interpersonal performance and integrity. In contrast, narcissism was unrelated to subordinate ratings of interpersonal performance and integrity. Furthermore, narcissism was unrelated to supervisor and subordinate ratings of conceptual performance. The unique relationship between narcissistic leaders and their followers is offered as an explanation for these findings.
Contrast-induced nephropathy; A literature review.

CONTEXT Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is a common cause of acute kidney dysfunction. EVIDENCE ACQUISITIONS Directory of Open Access Journals, Google Scholar, PubMed, EBSCO and Web of Science have been searched. RESULTS It is necessary to identify at risk patients at early stages to implement preventive strategies to decrease the incidence of this nephropathy. However, mechanisms of CIN have not fully explained yet. It seems that mechanisms which mediated by nitric oxide and prostaglandin-induced vasodilatation have been played a crucial role in the CIN. Hemodynamic changes of renal blood flow, which causes hypoxia in the renal medulla and direct toxic effects of contrast media on renal cells, are thought to contribute to the pathogenesis of CIN. Contrast media is normally divided into iso-osmolar, low-osmolar, and high-osmolar. N-acetylcysteine is considered as one of the best choices to prevent CIN in high-risk groups. CONCLUSIONS The first aim to prevent CIN is identifying high-risk subjects and controlling associate risk factors. As significant differences existed between contrasts agents due to their physicochemical properties, low-osmolar or iso-osmolar contrast media should be used to prevent CIN in at-risk patients. The volume of contrast media should be as low as possible.
Do Grades Shape Students' School Engagement? The Psychological Consequences of Report Card Grades at the Beginning of Secondary School.

Receiving report card grades is psychologically salient to most students and can elicit a range of affective reactions. A 3-wave longitudinal study examined how grades shape students’ (N = 375; M age at Wave 1 = 12.6 years) school engagement through the affective reactions they elicit. Emotional and behavioral engagement were measured at the start of secondary school and 6 months later. Halfway through this period, students’ positive and negative affective reactions to their 1st report card in secondary school were assessed. As expected, lower report card grades predicted lower emotional and behavioral engagement in spring, when controlling for prior levels of engagement. These links were mediated by students’ affective reactions. Boys and children who perceived the performance norms in their class to be high were more affectively reactive to their grades, which resulted in a stronger indirect effect of grades via negative affect on emotional engagement. Complementing the traditional view that grades are consequences of school engagement, the current findings suggest that grades function also as antecedents of school engagement.
Measuring Meaning Structures

The recent cultural turn in American sociology has inspired a number of more scientifically oriented scholars to study the meanings that are embedded within institutions, practices, and cultural artifacts. I focus here on research that (a) emphasizes institutional (rather than individual) meanings, (b) uses a structural approach to interpretation, and (c) employs formal algorithms or quantitative procedures for reducing the complexity of meanings to simpler structural principles. I discuss two core methodological issues—the assessment of similarities and differences between items in a cultural system and the process by which structure-preserving simplifications are found in the data. I also highlight the importance of two-mode analytic procedures and I review some of the perceived benefits and criticisms of this style of research.
The Magic of the Marketplace: Sociality in a Neglected Public Space

This study explores the potentiality of markets as public space where multiple forms of sociality are enacted. Research was conducted in eight UK markets. The research revealed that markets represented a significant public and social space for different groups in the locality as a site for vibrant social encounters, for social inclusion and the care of others, for `rubbing along' and for mediating differences. The article concludes by arguing that the social encounters and connections found in markets contradict pessimistic accounts of the decline of social association, offering a contrast to the shopping mall and providing the possibility for the inclusion of marginalised groups and for the co-mingling of differences where these are increasingly relegated to more private spheres.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CAREER PATTERNS AND PERSONALITY TYPES

Contemporary career research emphasises the need for career counselling practices that will assist individuals in shifting from linear career preferences to non-linear career patterns. A Career counselling framework that facilitates self-insight in personal motives and personality preferences seems to enable individuals to develop the inner sense of direction and identity required to view new career patterns as challenges for personal growth.The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between career patterns and personality types in an attempt to contribute to the development of such a career counselling framework. The trends in the literature survey oiered support, whilst the results of the empiral study were less supportive. Recommendations are made on the basis of these ¢ndings. OPSOMMING Hedendaagse loopbaannavorsing beklemtoon die behoefte aan loopbaanberadingspraktyke wat individue kan help om die verskuiwing van linie“ re loopbaanvoorkeure na nie-linie“ re loopbaanpatrone te maak. ‘n Loopbaanberadingsraamwerk wat sel¢nsig in persoonlike motiewe en persoonlikheidsvoorkeure fasiliteer blyk individue te help om die innerlike gevoel van rigting en identiteit te ontwikkel om nuwe loopbaanpatrone as uitdagings vir persoonlike groei te beskou. Die oogmerk met hierdie studie was om die verband tussen loopbaanpatrone en persoonlikheidstipes te ondersoek in ‘n poging om ‘n bydrae te lewer tot die ontwikkeling van sodanige loopbaanberadingsraamwerk. Die strekking van die literatuurondersoek bied ondersteuning, terwyl die resultate van die empiriese studie minder ondersteunend is. Aanbevelings word op grond van die bevindinge gemaak. Careers research has recently been much absorbed with the radical changes to employment brought about by the information revolution and the globalizing of the economy. Various authors observed that organisational structures are becoming £atter and leaner, and in turn traditional career paths are becoming less stable.There is a shifting emphasis towards limited linear and more alternative routes of career progression; interorganisational instead of intra- organisational movements and a more employer independent career indentity. Job security is also de¢ned in terms of being employable and not by being
Quantification of Vaccine-induced Antipertussis Toxin Secretory IgA Antibodies in Breast Milk: Comparison of Different Vaccination Strategies in Women

Background: Pertussis vaccination during pregnancy or immediately after delivery is a strategy that is increasingly being recommended to protect young infants from disease. Breast milk contains disease-specific antibodies that can contribute to the protection of young infants. The composition of breast milk could be altered by vaccination during pregnancy or near delivery. However, the quantification of these antibodies in breast milk lacks standardization. Methods: In this paper, sample preparation procedures and detection methods for total and antipertussis toxin (anti-PT) secretory immunoglobulin (sIg) A are proposed that can be accurately repeated and are in accordance with European Medicines Agency and Food and Drug Administration requirements. Both antibody analytes were measured in breast milk samples of lactating women obtained 8–9 weeks postpartum to compare different maternal pertussis vaccination strategies: vaccination during pregnancy, shortly after or at delivery (cocoon), less than 5 years before delivery or more than 5 years before delivery. Results: The validated immunoassays could quantitatively detect total and anti-PT sIgA in the processed breast milk samples. Significantly higher levels of anti-PT sIgA were measured in breast milk after pertussis vaccination during pregnancy or at delivery [geometric mean concentration (GMC): 2.56 and 2.15 IU/mg] in contrast to mothers with no recent (>5 years) pertussis vaccination (GMC: 0.96 IU/mg; P = 0.014 and P = 0.028). Conclusion: Vaccination against pertussis in the second/third trimester of pregnancy or immediately postpartum significantly increased the levels of anti-PT sIgA in breast milk.
Arginine synthesis is regulated by dietary arginine intake in the enterally fed neonatal piglet.

Arginine is conditionally indispensable in the neonate, and its synthesis in the intestine is not sufficient to meet requirements. It is not known how neonatal endogenous arginine synthesis is regulated and the degree to which proline and glutamate are used as precursors. Primed, constant intraportal and intragastric infusions of L-[U-14C]proline and L-[3,4-3H]glutamate, and intragastric L-[guanido-14C]arginine were used to measure whole body and first-pass intestinal arginine synthesis in 10 neonatal piglets fed generous (1.80 g.kg(-1). day(-1)) or deficient (0.20 g.kg(-1). day(-1)) quantities of arginine for 5 days. Glutamate tracer was not detected in arginine, indicating a biologically insignificant conversion of <1% of arginine flux. Endogenous arginine synthesis from proline had obligatory (0.36 g.kg(-1). day(-1)) and maximal (0.68 g.kg(-1). day(-1)) levels (P < 0.05, pooled SE 0.05). Although first-pass gut metabolism is responsible for 42-63% of whole body arginine synthesis, the gut is incapable of upregulating proline to arginine conversion during arginine deficiency, compared with a more than threefold increase without first-pass gut metabolism. These data suggest that upregulation of proline-to-arginine conversion occurs via increased arterial extraction of proline by the gut or in nonintestinal tissues. This study demonstrates that dietary arginine is an important regulator of endogenous arginine synthesis in the neonatal piglet and that proline, but not glutamate, is an important precursor for arginine synthesis in the neonate.