Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
LEARNING SUBCATEGORIZATION FRAMES FROM CORPORA : A CASE STUDY FOR MODERN GREEK

Certain Natural Language Processing (NLP) applications such as parsing and semantic processing require complete lexicons that provide subcategorization information for a word of interest, i.e. the necessary information about the set(s) of syntactic constituents the word must combine with, in order for its meaning to be fully expressed. Modern Greek presents high flexibility in the allowable orderings of its syntactic phrases as well as rich variety of syntactic constructions, which may function as arguments to verbs. In this paper, we describe a set of machine learning techniques used to automatically extract subcategorization frames of verbs from corpora.
Collective Apologies Moderate the Effects of Justice Concerns on Support for Collective Punishment

Following an offense, various justice concerns arise, and people might support the punishment of the offender’s entire group to restore a sense of justice (even if the other group members are innocent). We hypothesized that support for collective punishment might increase along one’s justice concerns, and that such effect can be hindered by the group’s collective apologies. In three studies, third-party observers were presented with various cases of aggression and we measured (Study 1) or manipulated (Studies 2 and 3) their justice concerns. In all studies, the presence (vs. absence) of collective apologies was additionally manipulated. The results confirmed our hypothesis thereby increasing our knowledge of both the determinants of collective punishment and the potential effects of collective apologies.
Effect of tobacco smoke on hydrogen sulfide-induced rat thoracic aorta relaxation

Levels of hydrogen sulfide (H2S), a gaseous signaling molecule, are reduced in the serum of individuals who smoke. We hypothesized that tobacco smoke influenced smooth muscle relaxation by decreasing H2S levels and this effect could also influence expression of cystathionine γ-lyase (CSE) and sulfonylurea receptor-2 (SUR-2). The aim of this study was to explore the effect of tobacco smoke on H2S-mediated rat thoracic aorta relaxation and its possible mechanism. Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control (C) group, short-term smoker (SS) group, mid-term smoker (MS) group, and long-term smoker (LS) group. H2S concentrations in serum, action of H2S on rat aortic vascular relaxation, and expression of CSE and SUR-2 in thoracic aortic smooth muscle were measured. Although there was no significant difference in H2S between the C and the SS groups, concentration of H2S was significantly reduced in both the LS and MS groups compared to control (P<0.01). Furthermore, H2S was significantly lower in the LS than in the MS group (P<0.05). Rat aortic vascular relaxation was lower in all three treatment groups compared to the control, with the most significant decrease observed in the LS group (P<0.05 compared to the MS group). Expression of CSE and SUR-2 was reduced in the LS and MS groups compared to control (P<0.05), with the lowest levels observed in the LS group (P<0.05). Therefore, tobacco smoke reduced expression of CSE and SUR-2 in rat thoracic aorta, which may inhibit H2S production and vascular dilation.
Effect of storage method on spore viability in five globally threatened fern species.

Spore germination of five globally threatened fern species [Culcita macrocarpa C. Presl, Dryopteris aemula (Aiton) O. Kuntze, D. corleyi Fraser-Jenkins, D. guanchica Gibby and Jermy and Woodwardia radicans (L.) Sm. ] was determined after 1, 6 or 12 months of storage in glass vials (dry storage) or on agar (wet storage) at -20, 5 or 20 degrees C. In all species, storage technique, storage temperature and the technique-temperature interaction all had a significant effect on germination percentage. In most cases, the germination percentage was best maintained by wet storage at 5 or 20 degrees C. In the case of the hygrophilous species C. macrocarpa and W. radicans, 6 or 12 months' dry storage killed most spores. Only Woodwardia radicans germinated in the dark during wet storage at 20 degrees C. Wet storage at 5 degrees C prevented dark germination, and reduced bacterial and fungal contamination. Wet storage at -20 degrees C killed all or most spores in all species. In the three Dryopteris species, the differences among the storage conditions tested were smaller than in C. macrocarpa and W. radicans, and the decline in spore viability during storage was less marked, with high germination percentages being observed after 12 months of dry storage at all three temperatures. Dry storage, which has lower preparation time and space requirements than wet storage, was generally more effective at the lower temperatures (-20 or 5 degrees C).
Predicting Anxiety From Parent And Childhood Variables

The high prevalence rate, significant distress and impairment, and persistence of childhood anxiety disorders highlight the need for continued theoretical conceptualization and research into the developmental pathways associated these disorders. In response to this need, one goal this project was to examination and identify variables associated with the development and/or maintenance of child anxiety disorders. A second goal of this project was to examine the potential role of learning from parents as a risk factor in the development of child anxiety, with a particular emphasis on three learning mechanisms: modeling, information transfer, and reinforcement of anxious behaviors. The third goal of this project was to compare and contrast the developmental predictors of anxiety in White versus Hispanic samples. Data was collected from a sample of mothers in the community with at least one child between the ages of 6 and 12, and an unrelated sample of young adults. Significant predictors of anxiety were identified in both samples, and the hypothesis that anxiety may, in part, be learned from parents was supported in both samples. In addition, results indicated different sets of predictors of anxiety in White versus Hispanic participants. Limitations and implications of the findings are discussed.
The Dependency of the Banks' Assets and Liabilities: Evidence from Germany

Developments in risk-transfer instruments and risk management techniques in the last two decades have fundamentally changed how banks manage their assets and liabilities. In this document we show that, for all three sectors of German universal banks (private commercial banks, savings banks, and cooperative banks), asset-liability dependency declined over the period 1994-2007, the decline was strongest for those banks that use more than sector-average amounts of derivatives. Only in the case of private commercial banks, we do find that lower regulatory capital has coincided with higher asset-liability dependencies. Over our sample period, the difference has diminished since poorly-capitalized private commercial banks have reduced their asset-liability dependencies more intensively than their well-capitalized counterparts. Moreover, we find that profitability matters for the asset-liability dependency but not in the same way for all three sectors. Asset-liability dependency is lower for private commercial banks with higher provision income, savings banks with lower ROE volatilities and cooperative banks with higher ROEs.
Discriminating between Similar Languages Using PPM

The paper presents the results of participation of Bobicev team in DSL (Discriminating Similar Languages) shared task 2015. It describes the use of PPM (Prediction by Partial Matching) for language discrimination. The accuracy of the presented system was equal to 94.14% for the first set and 92.22% for the second set. The results were scored as the 4th for the first task and 5th for the second task, the best results being 95.54% and 94.01% respectively.
Emancipatory Indigenous social innovation: Shifting power through culture and technology

Abstract This paper explores the emancipatory impulse of Indigenous social innovation and social enterprise. Indigenous approaches to solving social disparities reflect a perpetual search for innovative ways to change the circumstances of Māori. Power is an understudied dimension of social innovation and social enterprise. This paper explores the power dynamics that structure the disadvantage and marginalisation that cause populations to be underserved by markets and that limit their access to resources. We highlight that it is not power per se that enables social change: rather, it is power shifts. Through a single, richly contextualised case study of a well-known Māori social innovator, Dr Lance O’Sullivan, we reveal and illustrate the nuances of Indigenous entrepreneurship in the Far North of Aotearoa New Zealand. The case epitomises the transformative impact a social entrepreneur can have on the provision of healthcare amid market and policy failures.
A Robust Estimator for Evaluating Internet Worm Infection Rate

The Internet worm is a menace for the security of the Internet users. To detect and protect the Internet worm becomes an important research topic in the field of Internet security. A robust estimation method for evaluating worm infection rate is proposed in this paper. The robust estimator of worm infection rate is derived based on the robust maximum likelihood estimation principle at first; The corresponding elements of the equivalent weight matrix constructed by the residuals and some chosen weight functions are given; The error influence functions related to the robust estimator and the least squares estimator are respectively analyzed; At last, a simulated example is carried out. It is shown that the robust estimation is effective and reliable in resisting the bad influence of the outlying scan data on the estimated worm infection rate with high computation convergence speed.
Expansion of human cord blood hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells in three-dimensional Nanoscaffold coated with Fibronectin

Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is used in the treatment of patients suffering from hematologic and non-hematologic disorders, but the application is limited by the identification of a suitable donor. Umbilical cord blood (UCB) is an alternative source of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transplantation. Despite all advantages, the limited cell dose is one of the major obstacles. Ex-vivo expansion of HSC is an alternative way to overcome this problem. Materials and Methods: In this study, polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold coated with fibronectin (3D) is compared to routine cell culture system (two dimensional, 2D) used for cell culture.1×104 cord blood CD34+ cells isolated by MACS were seeded on PCL scaffold and allowed to expand for 10 days. Before and after this period, total cells, CD34+ cells, CFC assay and CXCR4 expression were evaluated. Results: Our findings demonstrated that 3D scaffold produced a 58-fold expansion of total cells compared to 2D cultures (38-fold expansion). Also CD34+ cells in 3D compare to 2D cell culture was 40-fold and 2.66 fold increased, respectively; this difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Moreover, total number of colonies in the 3D scaffold was higher than those of 2D cell culture system, but no statistically significant difference was observed. Higher expression of CXCR4 in 3D compared to 2D showed better homing of cells that were cultured in 3D scaffold (p<0.05). Conclusion: PCL scaffold coated with fibronectin had higher number of total cells and CD34+cells than 2D routine culture system. Findings revealed that 3D is a proper cell culture system for hematopoietic stem cell expansion, compared to 2D.
The dangling conversation: the location and function of author, text and reader in literary texts

Abstract This article is a discussion of some aspects of reader response. It attempts to track the development of various theories: from the view of the text as an entity set in stone, through structuralist and phenomenological arguments, to the point where the text becomes a virtual dimension. But not only is the importance of the text within the literary whole under review; what happens when the reader reads is considered, as is the location, indeed the very existence, of the author. Importantly, illustrations of how reader response theories assist readings of literature within the classroom, in order to achieve meaning, are included here.
Social Mobilization, Global Capitalism and Struggles over Food: A Comparative Study of Social Movements

country—measured in terms of frequency of contact and ongoing interest in news— can encourage immigrant political participation in the United States. Here the author cautions that the ‘‘distinction between active engagement with home country politics as opposed to having an interest and following news is an important one’’ (p. 168), and the majority of South Asians fall in the second category. Interestingly enough, ‘‘South Asians who are more transnational are less likely to naturalize than those who are less transnational’’ (p. 162). In the book’s sixth chapter, Mishra documents ‘‘examples of transnational involvement that are emblematic of the contours of Indian American transnational political engagements’’ (p. 173). The three case studies include 1) cross-border engagements by Indian American entrepreneurs and IT professionals, 2) mobilization that occurred at the behest of the U.S.–India Civil Nuclear deal of 2006, and 3) the rise of Hindutva politics and reactionary mobilization against it. Despite showcasing interesting case studies, this chapter left me perplexed as I wondered why it focused solely on the experience of Indian American groups to depict political transnational involvement when the book is about South Asians, especially since the author is otherwise carefully attentive to decentering India’s hegemony in the majority of the book. Perhaps I was more curious to understand how contours of transnational political involvement differ for Bangladeshi and Pakistani immigrants. However, this note does not detract from the valuable contribution this book makes to contemporary scholarship on South Asian Americans. Throughout the book, Mishra consistently establishes all that makes South Asian American political behavior and mobilization unique. For example, whereas extant scholarship presents a case for the significance of ethno-racial mobilization for political mobility, Mishra argues for a more nuanced analysis that is attentive to internal cleavages. While established scholarship has shown that adversities unify racial-ethnic groups, Mishra shows how the South Asian American reaction to post-9/11 racialization presents a more complex picture. Besides the clear scholarly contribution, this work stands out for two distinct reasons. First, Mishra’s thoroughness is evident from the scrupulous depiction of groups described and the sheer breadth of differences—class, caste, nationality, religion, sexuality, gender, and so forth— accounted for. Second, the author’s ability to cogently present a complex and multilayered issue that spans times and space makes this a compelling read, as Mishra deftly moves from ‘‘structural’’ vicissitudes of the overall political climate in the United States to group-level dynamics without losing sight of the web of transnational relations that define lives of ‘‘new’’ immigrants.
Essays on Trust in Teams

This thesis examines trust in the context of teams. Three longitudinal studies show that trust develops over time and that trust is positively related to team effectiveness. The studies show that the team’s ability as well as leadership style and behavior are important drivers of trust in teams. In sum, this thesis highlights the pivotal role of trust in teams for team functioning.
Vector-borne diseases of small companion animals in Namibia: Literature review, knowledge gaps and opportunity for a One Health approach

Namibia has a rich history in veterinary health but little is known about the vector-borne diseases that affect companion dogs and cats. The aim of this review is to summarise the existing published and available unpublished literature, put it into a wider geographical context, and explore some significant knowledge gaps. To date, only two filarial pathogens (Dirofilaria repens and Acanthocheilonema dracunculoides) and three tick-borne pathogens (Babesia canis vogeli, Hepatozoon canis and Ehrlichia canis) have been reported. Most studies have focused solely on dogs and cats in the urban Windhoek and surrounding areas, with almost nothing reported in rural farming areas, in either the populous northern regions or the low-income urban areas where animal owners have limited access to veterinary services. With the development of several biomedical training programmes in the country, there is now an excellent opportunity to address zoonotic vector-borne diseases through a One Health approach so as to assess the risks to small companion animals as well as diseases of public health importance.
Nitrogen deposition mediates the effects and importance of chance in changing biodiversity

Nitrogen deposition is changing biodiversity on Earth. We need to understand the underlying mechanisms to conserve biodiversity better. Both selection and chance are potential mechanisms, and they may operate concurrently. Then, what are the respective effects of selection and chance, what is their relative importance and how do they change with increasing nitrogen deposition rate? Here, we performed a 6‐year nitrogen addition experiment (0–28 g N/m2/year) in a typical steppe ecosystem of Inner Mongolia to investigate the community structure of plants, bacteria and ammonia‐oxidizing Archaea (AOA). We developed an experimentally based calculation method to first separate the structural variations between plots into the effects of selection (S) and chance (C), and then calculate their relative importance. Our results showed that as nitrogen addition rate increased, S for both plants and bacteria increased, but C for plants first increased and then decreased, and C for bacteria also increased; meanwhile, both S and C for AOA changed nonlinearly. As nitrogen addition rate increased, the importance of chance decreased on the whole for all these communities, but it decreased nonlinearly for plants and bacteria, with a local increase at certain intermediate rates. At all treatments, the importance of chance was <0.5 for plants, but >0.5 for AOA. These results demonstrated that nitrogen deposition changed biodiversity by mediating the effects and importance of chance, implicating different strategies should be adopted in conserving biodiversity according to nitrogen deposition rate and community properties.
Case fatality rates after admission to hospital with stroke: linked database study

Population based mortality for stroke has declined in most Western countries during the past few decades.1 This is probably because of a decrease in both the incidence of and case fatality from stroke over this period.2–4 Routine statistics generally do not provide long term trends in case fatality, and few studies have looked at differences in case fatality rates between hospitals.5 We used routine hospital data, which had been linked to mortality data in the former Oxford health region of England, to study case fatality rates after admission for stroke and to compare rates between different periods and different hospitals. View this table: Standardised case fatality rates for patients admitted for stroke, by hospital of admission during 1978–87 and 1988-97* We calculated case fatality rates by dividing the number of deaths from all causes after admission by the number of admissions for stroke and multiplying by 100. …
Observation and Analysis of Particle Nucleation at a Forest Site in Southeastern US

This study examines the characteristics of new particle formation at a forest site in southeastern US. Particle size distributions above a Loblolly pine plantation were measured between November 2005 and September 2007 and analyzed by event type and frequency, as well as in relation to meteorological and atmospheric chemical conditions. Nucleation events occurred on 69% of classifiable observation days. Nucleation frequency was highest in spring. The highest daily nucleation (class A and B events) frequency (81%) was observed in April. The average total particle number concentration on nucleation days was 8,684 cm−3 (10 < Dp < 250 nm) and 3,991 cm−3 (10 < Dp < 25 nm) with a mode diameter of 28 nm with corresponding values on non-nucleation days of 2,143 cm−3, 655 cm−3, and 44.5 nm, respectively. The annual average growth rate during nucleation events was 2.7 ± 0.3 nm·h−1. Higher growth rates were observed during summer months with highest rates observed in May (5.0 ± 3.6 nm·h−1). Winter months were associated with lower growth rates, the lowest occurring in February (1.2 ± 2.2 nm·h−1). Consistent with other studies, nucleation events were more likely to occur on days with higher radiative flux and lower relative humidity compared to non-nucleation days. The daily minimum in the condensation sink, which typically occurred 2 to 3 h after sunrise, was a good indicator of the timing of nucleation onset. The intensity of the event, indicated by the total particle number concentration, was well correlated with photo-synthetically active radiation, used here as a surrogate for total global radiation, and relative humidity. Even though the role of biogenic VOC in the initial nuclei formation is not understood from this study, the relationships with chemical precursors and secondary aerosol products associated with nucleation, coupled with diurnal boundary layer dynamics and seasonal meteorological patterns, suggest that H2SO4 and biogenic VOC play a role in nucleated particle growth at this site.
Genetic Design and Statistical Power of Nested Association Mapping in Maize

We investigated the genetic and statistical properties of the nested association mapping (NAM) design currently being implemented in maize (26 diverse founders and 5000 distinct immortal genotypes) to dissect the genetic basis of complex quantitative traits. The NAM design simultaneously exploits the advantages of both linkage analysis and association mapping. We demonstrated the power of NAM for high-power cost-effective genome scans through computer simulations based on empirical marker data and simulated traits with different complexities. With common-parent-specific (CPS) markers genotyped for the founders and the progenies, the inheritance of chromosome segments nested within two adjacent CPS markers was inferred through linkage. Genotyping the founders with additional high-density markers enabled the projection of genetic information, capturing linkage disequilibrium information, from founders to progenies. With 5000 genotypes, 30–79% of the simulated quantitative trait loci (QTL) were precisely identified. By integrating genetic design, natural diversity, and genomics technologies, this new complex trait dissection strategy should greatly facilitate endeavors to link molecular variation with phenotypic variation for various complex traits.