Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cross-Platform Users’ Experiences Toward Designing Interusable Systems

ABSTRACT Cross-platform services provide unified entertainment experiences across multiple devices between which users can toggle when watching content using televisions, tablets, personal computers, and smartphones. The software automatically adapts the programming to fit the diverse formats. This study analyzed user experiences (UX) of cross-platform services with a mixed methods (quantitative and qualitative) approach. It used a multi-state analytical approach, in which the user model was tested in a statistical model and accompanying experiment. A variety of methods were used to best understand the complexities of UX. Heuristic results revealed the ways that UX of cross-platform services are formed, moderated, and improved, and the ways that users’ intentions are determined through the relationships among factors. The results revealed that the key elements of cross-platform UX include access, mobility, and coherence, which imply the importance of seamless UX of cross-platform services. Based on those key factors, the study proposed the idea of inter-usability for designing user-centered systems.
Intake and Performance of Yearling Steers Grazing Guineagrass (Panicum maximum cv. Tanzânia) Pasture Supplemented with Different Energy Sources

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of supplements containing different energy sources in relation to mineral supplementation of steers grazing guineagrass (Panicum maximum cv Tanzânia) pasture, during the dry season. The experimental design was a randomized block with three treatments and four replications. The treatments consisted of a mineral supplementation and two other supplements, one based on corn seed and the other based on soybean hulls, and provided at 0.8% of body weight. Forty-eight, 12 month-old crossbred steers with an average initial body weight of 267 kg, were assigned to twelve paddocks (1,125 ha) of guineagrass. The animals that were fed with soybean hulls and corn seed presented a greater average daily gain (0.982 and 0.937) when compared with the mineral supplementation. Soybean hulls can be used as a satisfactory food source, replacing corn as an energy source in the supplementation of beef cattle without compromising animal performance.
ZNN -- A Fast and Scalable Algorithm for Training 3D Convolutional Networks on Multi-core and Many-Core Shared Memory Machines

Convolutional networks (ConvNets) have become a popular approach to computer vision. It is important to accelerate ConvNet training, which is computationally costly. We propose a novel parallel algorithm based on decomposition into a set of tasks, most of which are convolutions or FFTs. Applying Brent's theorem to the task dependency graph implies that linear speedup with the number of processors is attainable within the PRAM model of parallel computation, for wide network architectures. To attain such performance on real shared-memory machines, our algorithm computes convolutions converging on the same node of the network with temporal locality to reduce cache misses, and sums the convergent convolution outputs via an almost wait-free concurrent method to reduce time spent in critical sections. We implement the algorithm with a publicly available software package called ZNN. Benchmarking with multi-core CPUs shows that ZNN can attain speedup roughly equal to the number of physical cores. We also show that ZNN can attain over 90× speedup on a many-core CPU (Xeon Phi™ Knights Corner). These speedups are achieved for network architectures with widths that are in common use. The task parallelism of the ZNN algorithm is suited to CPUs, while the SIMD parallelism of previous algorithms is compatible with GPUs. Through examples, we show that ZNN can be either faster or slower than certain GPU implementations depending on specifics of the network architecture, kernel sizes, and density and size of the output patch. ZNN may be less costly to develop and maintain, due to the relative ease of general-purpose CPU programming.
Micro-computed tomography of a 500-year-old tooth: technical note.

OBJECTIVE To determine whether micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) could be used to reconstruct ancient dental anatomy accurately and differentiate the enamel from the dentin, as well as to verify whether micro-CT could detect tooth disorders such as attrition or caries accurately. METHODS Micro-CT imaging was performed, using a cone-beam micro-CT specimen scanner, on a 500-year-old human tooth found in a burial jar in the Cardomom Mountains in southwestern Cambodia. RESULTS The occlusal surface of the tooth showed marked attrition, with the dentin extending close to the enamel layer on the crown. In addition to this, micro-CT images depicted calculus on the buccal surface and a cervical root caries lesion present on the distal surface. The sclerotic zone of the carious lesion (located deep in the destroyed dentin) and the dentin were effectively differentiated through excellent resolution and superior tissue contrast of the volume data set. Axial slices from apical to coronal show the carious lesion extending vertically along the dentin-enamel junction with an intact outer enamel surface. CONCLUSION Micro-CT is a reproducible, nondestructive and highly accurate technique that can be successfully applied to the study of ancient teeth.
A study on expression pattern of cyclooxygenase-2 in carcinoma of cervix.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of the present study was to determine the differential expression pattern of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in patients of carcinoma of uterine cervix and its correlation with tumor differentiation and lymphovascular invasion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy (70) cases of cervical carcinoma were included (20 in-situ, 42 invasive squamous cell, and 8 cases of adenocarcinoma). Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections were stained by Hematoxylin and Eosin. Immunohistochemistry for COX-2 were performed on these blocks. RESULTS A higher expression of COX-2 was seen in invasive squamous cell carcinoma than in in-situ carcinoma (P = 0.002). Five out of eight cases of adenocarcinoma showed strong positivity for COX-2 antibody. Among the histopathological correlates, tumor differentiation did not show a positive correlation (P = 0.717), while lymphovascular invasion was associated with positive staining in majority of the cases (P = 0.001). CONCLUSION Expression of COX-2 is more in cases of invasive than in in-situ carcinoma. Adenocarcinomas showed a strong expression of COX-2. A positive association of COX-2 expression and the presence of lymphovascular emboli were found in the present study. COX-2 inhibitors need to be studied as a therapeutic adjunct for the treatment of carcinoma cervix.
Modeling atrial pacing

We present a model-based study of a therapeutical approach to atrial fibrillation based on pacing. After a systematic evaluation of different atrial pacing sites, we selected pacing from the septum area and designed a novel septum pacing protocol for atrial fibrillation termination. We then evaluated the performance of septum pacing in different models of atrial fibrillation and investigated the effect atrial substrate (cellular properties, anisotropy and heterogeneities) on the ability to capture during pacing. This study highlights the need for the development of patient-specific algorithms for atrial therapies.
RWC Music Database: Popular, Classical and Jazz Music Databases

paper describes the design policy and specifications of the RWC Music Database , a music database (DB) that is available to researchers for common use and research purposes. Various com- monly available DBs have been built in other research fields and have made a significant contribution to the research in those fields. The field of musical information processing, however, has lacked a commonly available music DB. We therefore built the RWC Mu- sic Database which contains four original DBs: the Popular Music Database (100 pieces), Royalty-Free Music Database(15 pieces), Classical Music Database(50 pieces), and Jazz Music Database (50 pieces). Each consists of originally-recorded music compact discs, standard MIDI files, and text files of lyrics. These DBs are now available in Japan at a cost equal to only duplication, shipping, and handling charges (virtually for free), and we plan to make them available outside Japan. We hope that our DB will encourage further advances in musical information processing research.
Hormone-induced DNA damage response and repair mediated by cyclin D1 in breast and prostate cancer.

Cell cycle control proteins govern events that leads to the production of two identical daughter cells. Distinct sequential temporal phases, Gap 1 (G1), Gap 0 (G0), Synthesis (S), Gap 2 (G2) and Mitosis (M) are negotiated through a series of check points during which the favorability of the local cellular environment is assessed, prior to replicating DNA [1]. Cyclin D1 has been characterized as a key regulatory subunit of the holoenzyme that promotes the G1/S-phase transition through phosphorylating the pRB protein. Cyclin D1 overexpression is considered a driving force in several types of cancers and cdk inhibitors are being used effectively in the clinic for treatment of ERα+ breast cancer [1, 2]. Genomic DNA is assaulted by damaging ionizing radiation, chemical carcinogens, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are generated by cellular metabolism. Furthermore, specific hormones including estrogens [3, 4] and androgens [5] govern pathways that damage DNA. Defects in the DNA Damage Response (DDR) pathway can lead to genomic instability and cancer. Evidence is emerging that cyclin D1 bind proteins involved in DNA repair including BRCA1 [6], RAD51 [7], BRCA2 [8] and is involved in the DNA damage and DNA repair processes [7, 8]. Because the repair of damaged DNA appears to be an important an unexpected role for cyclin D1, and inhibitors of cyclin D1-dependent kinase activity are being used in the clinic, the latest findings on the role of cyclin D1 in mediating the DDR including the DDR induced by the hormones estrogen [9] and androgen [10, 11] is reviewed.
Human interleukin 17–producing cells originate from a CD161+CD4+ T cell precursor

We demonstrate that CD161 is a highly up-regulated gene in human interleukin (IL) 17 T helper cell (Th17) clones and that all IL-17–producing cells are contained in the CD161+ fraction of CD4+ T cells present in the circulation or in inflamed tissues, although they are not CD1-restricted natural killer T cells. More importantly, we show that all IL-17–producing cells originate from CD161+ naive CD4+ T cells of umbilical cord blood, as well as of the postnatal thymus, in response to the combined activity of IL-1β and IL-23. These findings implicate CD161 as a novel surface marker for human Th17 cells and demonstrate the exclusive origin of these cells from a CD161+CD4+ T cell progenitor.
Participants' Evaluation of the Project P.A.T.H.S.: Are Findings Based on Different Datasets Consistent?

Subjective outcome evaluation findings based on the perspective of the participants of the Project P.A. T.H. S. (Positive Adolescent Training through Holistic Social Programmes) in nine datasets collected from 2005 to 2009 (n = 206, 313 program participants) were examined in this paper. Based on the consolidated data with schools as units, results showed that the participants generally had positive perceptions of the program, implementers, and benefits of the program. More than four-fifths of the participants regarded the program as beneficial to their holistic development. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the perceived qualities of the program and the program implementers predicted perceived effectiveness of the program. Based on the subjective outcome evaluation findings, the present study provides support for the effectiveness of the Tier 1 Program of the Project P.A. T.H. S. in Hong Kong.
Global aspects of emerging and potential zoonoses: a WHO perspective.

Many new human pathogens that have emerged or reemerged worldwide originated from animals or from products of animal origin. Many animal species as well as categories of agents have been involved in the emergence of diseases. Wild (e.g., bats, rodents) as well as draught animals (e.g., horses) and food animals (e.g., poultry, cattle) were implicated in the epidemiologic cycles of these diseases. Many of the agents responsible for new infections and diseases in humans were viruses (e.g., hantaviruses, lyssaviruses, and morbilliviruses), but bacteria, especially enteritic bacteria (e.g., Salmonellae and Escherichia coli) and parasites (e.g., Cryptosporidium) of animal origin, were also involved in major food and waterborne outbreaks. The public health relevance of some of these agents (e.g., new lyssaviruses and morbilliviruses) is not yet fully assessed. In addition the zoonotic nature of some other human diseases, such as Ebola and the new variant form of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, is suspected but not yet demonstrated. Finally, the possible future use of xenografts may lead, if precautions are not taken, to the emergence of new diseases called xenozoonoses.
Tracking of Arctic terns Sterna paradisaea reveals longest animal migration

The study of long-distance migration provides insights into the habits and performance of organisms at the limit of their physical abilities. The Arctic tern Sterna paradisaea is the epitome of such behavior; despite its small size (<125 g), banding recoveries and at-sea surveys suggest that its annual migration from boreal and high Arctic breeding grounds to the Southern Ocean may be the longest seasonal movement of any animal. Our tracking of 11 Arctic terns fitted with miniature (1.4-g) geolocators revealed that these birds do indeed travel huge distances (more than 80,000 km annually for some individuals). As well as confirming the location of the main wintering region, we also identified a previously unknown oceanic stopover area in the North Atlantic used by birds from at least two breeding populations (from Greenland and Iceland). Although birds from the same colony took one of two alternative southbound migration routes following the African or South American coast, all returned on a broadly similar, sigmoidal trajectory, crossing from east to west in the Atlantic in the region of the equatorial Intertropical Convergence Zone. Arctic terns clearly target regions of high marine productivity both as stopover and wintering areas, and exploit prevailing global wind systems to reduce flight costs on long-distance commutes.
Status of Selected Heavy Metals Dispersion from Top Soil in and Around Automobile Workshop Areas in Zanzibar Municipality, Tanzania

The distributions of selected heavy metals in top soil in areas with and without automobile workshops in Zanzibar municipality were investigated. Sampling was done during dry and rainy seasons. The samples were digested with aqua regia (HCl and HNO 3 , 3:1) and analysed by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. The concentrations of zinc, copper and lead in the samples ranged 0.27–419.2, 0.10–167 and 0.02–271 mg/kg dry weight, respectively. The concentrations were higher in areas with automobile workshops than those without. The concentrations of the heavy metals were highest at point sources and decreased with increase in distance during the dry season. The concentrations increased with increase in distance during the rainy season, indicating that the dispersion was highly influenced by runoff water. There were no significant differences in the concentrations of the metals between the sampling periods. The zinc concentrations in 51.11% of the samples exceeded the Tanzania Bureau of Standards (TBS) permissible limit (150 mg/kg). The concentrations of copper in 40% of the samples from the point sources and the concentrations of lead in 18% of the samples exceeded the WHO permissible limit (100 mg/kg). Control measures should be taken to stop and clean-up the workshops in residential areas. Keywords :
Use It and Improve It or Lose It: Interactions between Arm Function and Use in Humans Post-stroke

“Use it and improve it, or lose it” is one of the axioms of motor therapy after stroke. There is, however, little understanding of the interactions between arm function and use in humans post-stroke. Here, we explored putative non-linear interactions between upper extremity function and use by developing a first-order dynamical model of stroke recovery with longitudinal data from participants receiving constraint induced movement therapy (CIMT) in the EXCITE clinical trial. Using a Bayesian regression framework, we systematically compared this model with competitive models that included, or not, interactions between function and use. Model comparisons showed that the model with the predicted interactions between arm function and use was the best fitting model. Furthermore, by comparing the model parameters before and after CIMT intervention in participants receiving the intervention one year after randomization, we found that therapy increased the parameter that controls the effect of arm function on arm use. Increase in this parameter, which can be thought of as the confidence to use the arm for a given level of function, lead to increase in spontaneous use after therapy compared to before therapy.
Ecological studies and management of Missouri bats, with emphasis on cave-dwelling species

During a 4th-year period, ecological studies of bats were carried out over much of the state of Missouri. An important goal of these studies was to learn enough about the species' biology to insure that intelligent management programs could be formulated and carried out. Status: The population of the endangered Indiana bat is relatively stable in Missouri, although declines have been documented at certain hibernacula. The endangered gray bat has declined to one quarter of its former numbers, and its population continues to diminish. The little brown bat and the big broWn bat are probably both declining due to extermination efforts in the buildings where they raise their young. Keen's bat is more abundant than previously believed, and pipistrelles seem to be holding their own. Recaptures and movements: Loyalty to hibernacula was demonstrated in varying degrees for all six cave species. In addition, female gray bats were loyal to their maternity caves, and all gray bats were loyal to the caves of their colony area. Survivorship for Indiana bats was comparable to that reported for this species in Indiana. Movements from summering areas (as far away as Iowa and Illinois) to hibernacula were documented for Indiana, gray and little brown bats. Light-tagging and food habits: Male Indiana bats foraged in forests in southern Missouri and in riparian situations in northern Missouri. Gray bats foraged over streams and reservoirs, but may forage elsewhere during bright moon. Indiana bats and Keen's bats seem to be moth specialists, whereas gray bats typically selected insects of the aquatic orders. Little brown bats ate mostly Trichoptera, as did pipistrelles. Big brown bats were beetle strategists. Year-round trapping: At one cave, trapping was carried out monthly (except winter) during the course of the study. Although seasonal trends were evident in all six species, actual catch rates varied substantially from one year to the next. Seasonal changes in weight: In general, weight changes were minor during the spring and summer, except for pregnant females. All species gained weight rapidly in the fall for a few weeks prior to entry into hibernation. Total weight loss during hibernation depended on clustering behavior, roost temperature, relative size of the species and total time in hibernation. Weight gain among juveniles was documented for gray bats and pipistrelles. Reproduction: Annual reproductive events were listed for all species, and the occurrence of the "squared-ear" anomaly was observed in four of the species. Management: The need for and means of protecting both summer habitat (caves for gray bats; streams and forests for all species) and winter habitat (caves) are discussed in some detail. Missouri has taken a leading role in the acquisition and protection of bat caves with gates, fences and signs. In the long run, it is probable that only an enlightened public can insure the recovery and stability of Missouri's cave bat populations. crerrestrial Serie~ 8{o.8 ECOLOGICAL STUDIES AND MANAGEMENT
Comparison of the X-Radiation, Drug and Ultraviolet-Radiation Responses of Clones Isolated from a Human Colorectal Tumor Cell Line

Abstract Qutob, S. S. , Multani, A. S. , Pathak, S. , Feng, Y. , Kendal, W. S. and Ng, C. E. Comparison of the X-Radiation, Drug and Ultraviolet-Radiation Responses of Clones Isolated from a Human Colorectal Tumor Cell Line. Radiat. Res. 161, 326– 334 (2004). We isolated several clones with a wide range of responses to X radiation from an unirradiated human colorectal (HCT 116) tumor cell line. The responses of one of these clones (HCT116-Clone10) and nine other clones to either fractionated or acute (i.e. single, nonfractionated doses) X irradiation in vitrowas similar to that of the parental cell line. By contrast, after the same types of treatment, another clone (HCT116-Clone2) manifested a significantly increased survival whereas a third clone (HCT116-CloneK) manifested a significantly decreased survival relative to the parental cell line. This suggested that they were, respectively, a radioresistant and a radiosensitive clone. All three clones (clones 2, 10, K) retained their tumorigenic phenotype and formed tumors in nude mice. G-banding studies demonstrated that they were of human origin and were derived from the same parental cell line. The metaphases of HCT116-Clone2 demonstrated features commonly associated with genomic instability (i.e. mitotic catastrophe including chromosome and chromatid breaks, dicentrics and additional nonclonal markers). Data obtained by quantitative fluorescence in situhybridization (Q- FISH) analysis failed to demonstrate any apparent correlation between the radiosensitivity and the relative telomere content of these three clones. Interestingly, HCT116-CloneK was the most resistant to several chemotherapeutic drugs (topotecan, camptothecin, etoposide and cisplatin) with diverse mechanisms of action. Also, there were no significant differences in the survivals of the three clones after treatment with UV radiation. Because of the lack of overlap among the relative sensitivities of these clones to X radiation, chemotherapeutic drugs and UV radiation, these clones may be useful models for evaluating the genetic basis of the response of human tumor cells to these treatment agents both in vitroand in vivo.
Characterisation of the Metabolites of 1,8-Cineole Transferred into Human Milk: Concentrations and Ratio of Enantiomers

1,8-Cineole is a widely distributed odorant that also shows physiological effects, but whose human metabolism has hitherto not been extensively investigated. The aim of the present study was, thus, to characterise the metabolites of 1,8-cineole, identified previously in human milk, after the oral intake of 100 mg of this substance. Special emphasis was placed on the enantiomeric composition of the metabolites since these data may provide important insights into potential biotransformation pathways, as well as potential biological activities of these substances, for example on the breastfed child. The volatile fraction of the human milk samples was therefore isolated via Solvent Assisted Flavour Evaporation (SAFE) and subjected to gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The absolute concentrations of each metabolite were determined by matrix calibration with an internal standard, and the ratios of enantiomers were analysed on chiral capillaries. The concentrations varied over a broad range, from traces in the upper ng/kg region up to 40 µg/kg milk, with the exception of the main metabolite α2-hydroxy-1,8-cineole that showed concentrations of 100–250 µg/kg. Also, large inter- and intra-individual variations were recorded for the enantiomers, with nearly enantiomerically pure α2-hydroxy- and 3-oxo-1,8-cineole, while all other metabolites showed ratios of ~30:70 to 80:20.