Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Running Head: Destructive Leader Behavior in the Norwegian Armed Forces

Recent research indicates that destructive leadership might have a detrimental effect on a wide range of outcomes across the organization. However, few studies have focused on the military context. The present study examined the extent to which destructive leader behavior was related to individual work-related attitudes and feelings among military personnel in the Norwegian Armed forces (N=170). Dependent variables were (1) Burnout, (2) Work Engagement, and (3) Organizational Commitment. Hierarchical regression analyses showed that destructive leader behavior significantly predicted Burnout and Work Engagement. This is the first study that examines, and in parallel confirms the unique influence of destructive leadership on important work environment variables among members of the Norwegian armed forces. Despite the fact that the respondents in this sample most likely have above average psychological robustness, they still appear to be significantly influenced by destructive leader behavior. At the same time, our findings also indicate that respondents are able to maintain their organizational commitment despite destructive leader behavior. This study thus represents a unique step towards establishing knowledge about the interplay between destructive leader behavior and psychosocial related phenomena, forming a potential basis for theoretical and practical developments.
Views on Depression From Traditional Healing and Psychiatry Clinics in Uganda

In Uganda, depression is a growing concern, yet mental health professionals are in short supply, and help is often sought from traditional healers. To develop an integrated system of care, we must understand sociocultural aspects of depression including beliefs about help seeking and treatment. In a mixed methods study, we used semi-structured interviews and self-report measures to assess depressed patients (N = 30) seeking treatment in traditional healing (n = 15) and psychiatry clinics (n = 15) near Kampala, Uganda. We assessed demographics, symptoms, treatment characteristics, and explanatory models (EMs) of depression (e.g., labeling the problem, cause, impact on life, best type of treatment). We predicted differences across treatment settings. To further explore EMs, we assessed differences in EMs of patients and their providers by interviewing patient–provider dyads (n = 8 dyads). Patients in both settings were similar in demographics, symptoms, perceived cause, seriousness, and impact of depression. However, patients at traditional clinics were more likely to desire herbal remedies, while those in psychiatry clinics were more likely to desire modern medication. Patient–provider dyads also had different treatment beliefs, with patients desiring financial assistance, social support, and medication, and providers more likely to suggest counseling or advice. The study highlights the need to understand diverse beliefs and treatment trajectories in a multicultural context.
Mannose-Binding Lectin: Biologic Characteristics and Role in the Susceptibility to Infections and Ischemia-Reperfusion Related Injury in Critically Ill Neonates

The mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a member of the collectin family, belonging to the innate immunity system. Genetic, biologic, and clinical properties of MBL have been widely investigated throughout the last decades, although some interesting aspects of its potential clinical relevance are still poorly understood. Low circulating concentrations of MBL have been associated with increased risk of infection and poor neurologic outcome in neonates. On the other hand, an excessive and uncontrolled inflammatory response by the neonatal intestine after the exposure to luminal bacteria, leading to an increased production of MBL, may be involved in the onset of necrotizing enterocolitis. The purpose of the present review is to summarize the current knowledge about genetic and biologic characteristics of MBL and its role in the susceptibility to infections and to ischemia-reperfusion related tissue injuries to better explore its clinical relevance during the perinatal period and the possible future therapeutic applications.
Glucose metabolic patterns in neurodegenerative brain diseases

Neurodegeneratieve hersenziekten zoals de ziekte van Parkinson (PD), multisysteem atrofie (MSA), progressieve supranucleaire parese (PSP) zijn hersenaandoeningen waarbij langzamerhand – over vele jaren - de zenuwcellen in bepaalde gebieden verloren gaan. In de klinische praktijk kan het lastig zijn om onderscheid te maken tussen de verschillende ziektebeelden, omdat vooral in het begin de symptomen hetzelfde kunnen zijn. Een [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET scan kan hierbij behulpzaam zijn. Bij dit onderzoek wordt de radiotracer FDG (een vorm van glucose (suiker)) ingezet. Dit is de energiebron van het hersenweefsel. Door een FDG-PET scan van de hersenen te maken wordt het energieverbruik in de hersenen zichtbaar gemaakt. Patronen van verminderd energieverbruik (glucose metabolisme) zijn voor elke neurodegeneratieve hersenziekte anders. Het doel van dit proefschrift was onder andere om met behulp van een FDG-PET scan het glucose metabolisme in de hersenen bij neurodegeneratieve hersenziekten in beeld te brengen. Met behulp van de wiskunde rekentechniek SSM/PCA zijn de ziekte-specifieke metabole patronen voor PD,MSA en PSP geidentificeerd. Daaruit is gebleken dat met behulp van deze metabole patronen in een vroeg stadium een goed onderscheid tussen de verschillende ziektebeelden gemaakt kan worden. Daarnaast is het mogelijk om een score per patient te berekenen die weergeeft in hoeverre het metabole hersenpatroon van een individuele patient overeenkomt met het ziekte-specifieke metabole groepspatroon van PD, MSA of PSP. Met deze methodiek kan de waarschijnlijkheid bepaald worden dat iemand een bepaalde ziekte heeft. Daarom kunnen deze ziekte-specifieke metabole patronen een waardevol hulpmiddel zijn in de klinische praktijk bij het stellen van de juiste diagnose.
An exploratory study of student attitudes toward statistics and their retention of statistical concepts

: An assessment of the statistical knowledge of psychology students taking psychology laboratory courses (beginning lab and advanced sub-specialties — e.g. lifespan, experimental, I/O) was conducted. The students completed at least one course in Psychological Statistics as a prerequisite to taking the psychology lab course. The predictor variables of age, gender, lab experience, statistics course grade, repeating statistics course, attitude towards statistics, location of statistical training, and time since introductory statistics course(s) were tested for their predictive value on the criterion of overall statistical comprehension via the Statistical Competency Survey (SCS) developed by the researchers. The SOS is composed of 74 conceptual multiple choice questions measuring five statistical domains: basic concepts (EC), descriptive statistics (D), correlation/regression (C/R), hypothesis testing (H/0), and inferential statistics (I). : * The 118 students also completed Wise's (1985) Attitude Toward Statistics (ATS) survey. Of the predictor variables noted above, only the ATS score and location of statistical training entered the stepwise multiple regression equation and thus were the only significant predictors of overall performance on the SCS. The only statistically significant difference between men and women was found in the C/R
Design Integration Mechanism at Collaborative Design Maturity Levels

The front-end process of product design has been a challenge for academics and organizations. In order to facilitate the fuzzy process, a design team is often encouraged to have team collaboration across disciplines by adopting different mechanisms. Due to the importance of team maturity assessment in the process, this study aims to explore and validate the maturity levels of a design team. Integrating the capability maturity model (CMM) concept and the notion of team collaboration, this study categorized the team maturity into four levels, such as initial, formative, managed, and optimizing. Through applying the existing theory of integration mechanism in the context of product design, this study systematically proposed four types of design integration mechanism (DIM), which are 1) design interaction, 2) design collaboration, 3) design integrative tool and 4) design team reward. Furthermore, this study selected and observed an intra-university collaborative design team as the subject of this case study. After conducting several interviews with the team members, this study found that each type of DIM plays different roles in different maturity levels. Generally speaking, the results of this study are consistent with previous studies. However, design collaboration received the most importance at three of four team maturity levels, except for the initial level, while design team award received the least importance at all of four team maturity levels.
Diagnostic value of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase for the early prediction of acute kidney injury after percutaneous nephrolithotripsy

The present observational study was undertaken in order to evaluate the diagnostic value of urinary N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) for the prediction of acute kidney injury (AKI) in patients after percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PNL). Pre- and post-operative patient data were collected for 90 patients who underwent PNL between September 2008 and December 2010. The patients included 64 males and 26 females with an average age of 52.8±9.7 years. Pre- and post-operative urinary NAG was measured by colorimetric assay and serum creatinine levels were determined for comparative analysis. Urinary NAG levels significantly increased after PNL compared to pre-operative levels (P<0.05). AKI occurred in 11 cases after surgery. A comparison of the AKI and non-AKI groups revealed no significant differences in age, gender ratio or baseline creatinine levels (P>0.05); however, there were significant differences between the groups as regards surgical duration, post-operative infection rate, C-reactive protein levels and number of hospital days (P<0.05). NAG levels were significantly higher in the AKI compared to the non-AKI group after surgery (P<0.05). The diagnostic utility of the increase in urinary NAG 24 h after surgery was assessed by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. For an increase in NAG of 235.44%, the area under the ROC curve was 0.878 (P<0.01) and the sensitivity and specificity for AKI diagnosis were 81.8 and 91.1%, respectively. Urinary NAG significantly increased in patients suffering from AKI after surgery. This parameter is more sensitive than serum creatinine and can reflect the impairment of kidney function at an earlier stage. The surgical duration and post-operative infection rate are possible risk factors for AKI. Urinary NAG may have some clinical value in the early diagnosis of AKI after surgery.
The Relationship between Paranormal Belief and the HEXACO Domains of Personality

The HEXACO-PI-R (Ashton & Lee, 2007) has been presented as an alternative measure of the Five Factor Model, with the inclusion of the dimension of honesty/humility. This new measure of personality was utilised alongside the Revised Paranormal Belief Scale (RPBS) in a correlational design among 137 undergraduate students in Wales. Multiple regression analysis demonstrated that superstition was significantly negatively correlated with conscientiousness and openness to experience, while precognition was significantly negatively correlated with honesty/humility. No other personality factors were statistically significant predictors of any dimensions of paranormal belief. While these results do not provide strong support for previous findings, it is concluded that the inclusion of the honesty/humility dimension renders the HEXACO-PI-R a useful measure for considering relationships between personality and paranormal belief.
A Quantitative Analysis of Factors Influencing the Professional Longevity of High School Science Teachers in Florida

ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS . iv DEDICATION . v LIST OF TABLES . xvii LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS . xx LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . xxi CHAPTER I – INTRODUCTION . 1 Nature of the Problem and Rationale . 1 Background and Significance . 3 Purpose of the Study . 6 Research Hypotheses . 9 Delimitations, Limitations, and Assumptions . 10 Definition of Terms. 12 CHAPTER II – REVIEW OF LITERATURE . 14 Professional Longevity of Teachers . 14 Benefits for Long-Serving Teachers . 14 Continuing To Develop Professionally . 15 Instructing and Influencing Multiple Generations . 16 Developing a Sense of Purpose and Accomplishment . 16 vii Benefits for the Educational System . 18 Schools Maintain Programs . 19 Students Gain a Sense of Stability and Security . 19 Parental Confidence in School System Increases . 20 Professional Longevity . 20 Attrition of Teachers . 21 Types of Teacher Attrition . 22 Migration Attrition . 22 Departure Attrition . 22 Examples of Teacher Attrition . 23 Teacher Takes “Easier” Position . 23 Moves into Administrative Role . 24 Leaves Profession before Retirement . 25 Retires from the Profession . 25 Trends in Teacher Attrition . 26 Attrition Continues to Rise . 26 Migration is a Minor Contributor . 27 Quitting is the Greatest Contributor . 27 Number of Retirees Increasing . 28 Fewer Recruits from Schools of Education . 29 viii Stigma of a Second-Class Profession . 29 Salary Too Low to Attract Recruits . 30 Education Majors Change Degree Field . 31 Overall Teacher Shortages . 32 Schools Constantly Recruiting Teachers . 33 Class Sizes Increasing Due to Lack of Teachers . 33 School Programs Suspended . 34 Complexity of Teacher Attrition/Longevity Studies . 34 Teacher-Level Factors in Previous Attrition/Longevity Studies . 35 Age . 35 Sex. 36 Ethnicity . 36 Salary . 37 Degree . 37 School Migration . 38 School-Level Factors in Previous Attrition/Longevity Studies . 38 Class Size . 39 Geography . 39 Socioeconomic Status . 40 Charter Status . 41 ix District-Level Factors in Previous Attrition/Longevity Studies . 41 Socioeconomic Status . 42 Student Spending . 42 Current State of Science Education . 43 Science Teacher Attrition . 43 Second-Career Teachers . 44 Definition of Second-Career Teachers . 44 Scientists becoming Science Teachers. 45 Attempting to Bridge the Pedagogical Gap . 46 Trends in Science Teacher Attrition . 47 Interpretative Summary . 48 Gap in the Literature . 48 How Study Adds to the Current State of Knowledge . 49 CHAPTER III METHODOLOGY . 50 Overview and Restatement of Purpose . 50 Research Objectives . 50 Statistical Testing and Analysis . 51 Exploratory Multiple Linear Regression . 51 Hierarchical Multiple Regression . 52 Data Collection . 53 x Defining the Population . 53 Data Sources . 53 Data Collection Timeline . 54 Data Variables . 55 Data Cleaning and Preparation . 56 Data Analysis Process . 57 Multiple Linear Regression Procedures . 57 Hierarchical Multiple Regression Procedures .
Tracking the Source of the Decline in GDP Volatility: An Analysis of the Automobile Industry

Recent papers by Kim and Nelson (1999) and McConnell and Perez-Quiros (2000) uncover a dramatic decline in the volatility of U.S. GDP growth beginning in 1984. Determining whether the source is good luck, good policy or better inventory management has since developed into an active area of research. This paper seeks to shed light on the source of the decline in volatility by studying the behavior of the U.S. automobile industry, where the changes in volatility have mirrored those of the aggregate data. We find that changes in the relative volatility of sales and output, which have been interpreted by some as evidence of improved inventory management, could in fact be the result of changes in the process driving automobile sales. We first show that the autocorrelation of sales dropped during the 1980s, and that the behavior of interest rates may be the force behind the change in sales persistence. A simulation of the assembly plants' cost function illustrates that the persistence of sales is a key determinant of output volatility. A comparison of the ways in which assembly plants scheduled production in the 1990s relative to the 1970s supports the intuition of the simulation.
Bregman Iteration Based Efficient Algorithm for MR Image Reconstruction From Undersampled K-Space Data

It is difficult to solve Magnetic Resonance (MR) image reconstruction problems with linear combinations of total variation and ℓ1 norm regularization terms. In order to solve these compound regularization problems, we propose an efficient algorithm in this letter. The proposed algorithm adopts the Bregman iteration technique to convert the original constrained problem to a sequence of unconstrained problems, which are then solved using operator splitting and variable splitting techniques. Simulation experiments demonstrate that significant improvement of the quality of reconstructed images is achieved by the proposed algorithm when compared to previous methods.
Stable wireless link scheduling subject to physical interference with power control

We study stable wireless link scheduling under the physical interference model in wireless networks. Given a set of elastic wireless communication requests arriving in an online fashion, the objective is to perform link scheduling to maximize the network throughput capacity. This well-motivated problem under an arbitrary physical interference model is notoriously hard. In this work, we develop efficient interference-aware scheduling protocols under different transmission power control settings, i.e., uniform power control and monotone power control. The novel proposed scheduling protocols can attain a provable efficiency ratio. The extensive simulations validates the proposed protocols under various environmental settings.
The Cucurbitaceae and Solanaceae illustrated in medieval manuscripts known as the Tacuinum Sanitatis.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Beginning in the last two decades of the 14th century, richly illuminated versions of the Tacuinum Sanitatis, the Latin translation of an 11th-century Arabic manuscript known as Taqwim al-Sihha bi al-Ashab al-Sitta, were produced in northern Italy. These illustrated manuscripts provide a window on late medieval life in that region by containing some 200 full-page illustrations, many of which vividly depict the harvest of vegetables, fruits, flowers, grains, aromatics and medicinal plants. Our objective was to search for and identify the images of taxa of Cucurbitaceae and Solanaceae. METHODS We have located all reported illustrated Tacuinum Sanitatis and similar or related manuscripts, searched through printed or electronic reproductions of them, categorized six of them that display full-page illustrations as archetypic, and established the identity of the Cucurbitaceae and Solanaceae appearing in these six manuscripts. KEY RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Of the Cucurbitaceae, Cucumis sativus (short-fruited cucumbers), Cucumis melo (including round as well as elongate melons), Citrullus lanatus (both sweet watermelons and citrons), and Lagenaria siceraria (including bottle-shaped as well as long gourds), are illustrated. Of the Solanaceae, Solanum melongena (egg-shaped purple aubergines) and Mandragora sp. (mandrake) are illustrated. These depictions include some of the earliest known images of cucumber, casaba melon (Cucumis melo Inodorous Group) and aubergine, each of which closely resembles an extant cultivar-group or market type. Overall, the botanically most accurate images are in the version of the Tacuinum located in the Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek, Vienna, cod. ser. n. 2644. Similarities and differences in botanical accuracy among the images of Cucurbitaceae and Solanaceae in the six archetypal Tacuinum manuscripts suggest to us that another illustrated Tacuinum, now lost, may have antedated and served as a model or inspiration for the six surviving archetypic manuscripts.
Effect of Visuomotor Colocation on 3D Fitts' Task Performance in Physical and Virtual Environments

Given the ease that humans have with using a keyboard and mouse in typical, non-colocated computer interaction, many studies have investigated the value of colocating the visual field and motor workspaces using immersive display modalities. Significant understanding has been gained by previous work comparing physical tasks against virtual tasks, visuomotor colocation versus non-colocation, and even visuomotor rotational misalignments in virtual environments (VEs). However, few studies have explored all of these paradigms in context with each other, and it is difficult to perform interstudy comparisons because of the variation in tested motor tasks. Therefore, using a stereoscopic fish tank display setup, the goal for the current study was to characterize human performance of a 3D Fitts' point-to-point reaching task using a stylus-based haptic interface in the physical, colocated/non-colocated, and rotated VE visualization conditions. Five performance measuresthroughput, efficiency, initial movement error, corrective movements, and peak velocitywere measured and used to evaluate task performance. These measures were studied in 22 subjects (11 male, 11 female, ages 2032) performing a 3D variant of Fitts' serial task under 10 task conditions: physical, colocated VE, non-colocated VE, and rotated VEs from 45315 in 45 increments. Hypotheses: All performance measures in the colocated VE were expected to reflect significantly reduced task performance over the real condition, but also reflect increased performance over the non-colocated VE condition. For rotational misalignments, all performance measures were expected to reflect the highest performance at 0, reduce to the lowest performance at 90, and rise again to a local maximum at 180 (symmetric about 0). Results: All performance measures showed that the colocated VE condition resulted in significantly lower task performance than the physical condition and higher mean performance than the non-colocated VE condition, but the difference was not statistically significant. Also, rotation misalignments showed that task performance was mostly reduced to a minimum at 90, 135, and 225. We conclude that colocated VEs may not significantly improve point-to-point reaching performance over non-colocated VEs. Also, visual rotations of 45 affected throughput, efficiency, peak velocity, and initial movement error, but the number of corrective movements were not affected until 90.
ECG signals analysis for biometric recognition

Electrocardiogram (ECG) as a new biometric trait has the advantage of being a liveliness indicator and difficult to be spoofed or falsified. According to the utilized features, the existing ECG based biometric systems can be classified to fiducial and non-fiducial systems. The computation of fiducial features requires the accurate detection of 11 fiducial points which is a very challenging task. On the other hand, non-fiducial approaches relax the detection process but usually result in high dimension feature space. This paper presents a systematic study for ECG based individual identification. A fiducial based approach that utilizes a feature set selected by information gain IG criterion is first introduced. Furthermore, a non-fiducial wavelet based approach is proposed. To avoid the high dimensionality of the resultant wavelet coefficient structure, the structure has been investigated and reduced using also IG criterion. The proposed feature sets were examined and compared using radial basis functions (RBF) neural network classifier. The conducted experiments using Physionet databases revealed the superiority of our suggested non-fiducial approach.