Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tracing extended low-velocity shocks through SiO emission - Case study of the W43-MM1 ridge

Aims. Previous literature suggests that the densest structures in the interstellar medium form through colliding flows, but patent evidence of this process is still missing. Recent literature proposes using SiO line emission to trace low-velocity shocks associated with cloud formation through collision. In this paper we investigate the bright and extended SiO(2−1) emission observed along the ∼5 pc-long W43-MM1 ridge to determine its origin. Methods. We used high angular resolution images of the SiO(2−1) and HCN(1−0) emission lines obtained with the IRAM plateau de Bure (PdBI) interferometer and combined with data from the IRAM 30 m radiotelescope. These data were complemented by a Herschel column density map of the region. We performed spectral analysis of SiO and HCN emission line profiles to identify protostellar outflows and spatially disentangle two velocity components associated with low- and high-velocity shocks. Then, we compared the low-velocity shock component to a dedicated grid of one-dimensional (1D) radiative shock models. Results. We find that the SiO emission originates from a mixture of high-velocity shocks caused by bipolar outflows and lowvelocity shocks. Using SiO and HCN emission lines, we extract seven bipolar outflows associated with massive dense cores previously identified within the W43-MM1 mini-starburst cluster. Comparing observations with dedicated Paris-Durham shock models constrains the velocity of the low-velocity shock component from 7 to 12 km s−1 . Conclusions. The SiO arising from low-velocity shocks spreads along the complete length of the ridge. Its contribution represents at least 45% and up to 100% of the total SiO emission depending on the area considered. The low-velocity component of SiO is most likely associated with the ridge formation through colliding flows or cloud-cloud collision.
Cleaved caspase‐3 expression is a potential prognostic factor for endometrial cancer with positive peritoneal cytology

Positive peritoneal cytology (PPC) in endometrial cancer remains a controversial topic. Cleaved caspase‐3 (CC3) and Ki‐67 are excellent markers of apoptotic and proliferating cells, respectively. The objective of this study was to determine the significance of CC3 and Ki‐67 expression in peritoneal cytology samples as prognostic factors for endometrial cancer with PPC.
Autonomic nervous system non-stationary response to controlled changes in barometric pressure

Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) controls a number of bodily functions, such as the heart rate (HR). However, the ANS response is strongly dependent on the surrounding environment. In particular, changes in barometric pressure have important effects on ANS response, but they are difficult to assess in extreme conditions such as a hyperbaric environment. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the dependence of indices related to the ANS response derived from the electrocardiographic signal (ECG) with barometric pressure. In order to do that, a database consisting of ECG recordings of 30 subjects who were introduced into a hyperbaric chamber was used. The analysed indices were derived from the heart rate variability signal: the power of the low-frequency band (PLF: 0.04–0.15 Hz), the power of the high-frequency band (PHF : 0.15–0.4 Hz), the ratio of instantaneous PLF with respect to the sum of instantaneous PLF and instantaneous PHF, and the ratio of instantaneous PLF with respect to instantaneous PHF. High inter-subject variability was observed in the results, but significant differences were found in both PLF and PHF when pressure gradually increased to 5 atm (initial phase) and then decreased (final phase) with respect to the baseline. Changes in the power ratios were not so significant in general.
Urban–rural differences in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus among 25–74 year-old adults of the Yangon Region, Myanmar: two cross-sectional studies

Objectives To investigate the association between urban–rural location and the occurrence of diabetes mellitus (DM) in the Yangon Region, and to estimate the proportion of urban and rural participants already diagnosed with DM, and of those, the proportion under treatment and under control. Design Two cross-sectional studies, using the WHO STEPs methodology. Setting The Yangon Region of Myanmar, urban and rural areas. Participants Men and women, aged 25–74 years, included during the study period from September–November 2013 (urban) and 2014 (rural areas) (n=1372). Institutionalised people, physically and mentally ill person, monks and nuns were excluded. Results The age-standardised prevalence of DM was 12.1% in urban and 7.1% in rural areas (p=0.039). In urban areas, the prevalence of DM was lowest in the highest educational groups (p<0.001). There were no differences in DM prevalence between gender or income levels. In rural areas, those who were physically inactive had a low intake of fruit and vegetable and were overweight/obese had a higher DM prevalence than others. In a logistic regression, the OR for DM in rural compared with urban areas was 0.38 (0.22, 0.65), adjusted for sociodemographic variables and behavioural risk factors. In urban areas, 43.1% of participants had the experience of receiving blood glucose measurements by a doctor or health worker, and 61.5% of all cases of DM were already diagnosed, 78.7% were under treatment and 45.8% were under control. The corresponding proportions in rural areas were 26.4%, 52.4%, 78.1% and 32.0%, respectively. Conclusion The prevalence of DM in the Yangon Region was high, and significantly higher in urban than in rural areas. More health services are needed to serve this population with a large proportion of undiagnosed diabetes. Preventive measures to halt and reduce the prevalence of DM are urgently needed.
Large‐Scale Controls of the Surface Water Balance Over Land: Insights From a Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis

The long‐term surface water balance over land is described by the partitioning of precipitation (P) into runoff and evapotranspiration (ET), and is commonly characterized by the ratio ET/P. The ratio between potential evapotranspiration (PET) and P is explicitly considered to be the primary control of ET/P within the Budyko framework, whereas all other controls are often integrated into a single parameter, ω. Although the joint effect of these additional controlling factors of ET/P can be significant, a detailed understanding of them is yet to be achieved. This study therefore introduces a new global data set for the long‐term mean partitioning of P into ET and runoff in 2,733 catchments, which is based on in situ observations and assembled from a systematic examination of peer‐reviewed studies. A total of 26 controls of ET/P that are proposed in the literature are assessed using the new data set. Results reveal that: (i) factors controlling ET/P vary between regions with different climate types; (ii) controls other than PET/P explain at least 35% of the ET/P variance in all regions, and up to ∼90% in arid climates; (iii) among these, climate factors and catchment slope dominate over other landscape characteristics; and (iv) despite the high attention that vegetation‐related indices receive as controls of ET/P, they are found to play a minor and often nonsignificant role. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive picture on factors controlling the partitioning of P, with valuable insights for model development, watershed management, and the assessment of water resources around the globe.
Reference Equations for Impulse Oscillometric and Respiratory System Model Parameters in Anglo and Hispanic Children

The Impulse Oscillometry System (IOS) has been recognized as a useful diagnostic tool. Previous research by our group has shown that R5 (Resistance at 5 Hz), R5-R20 (frequency dependence of resistance), AX (the “Goldman Triangle”) and the extended Resistor-Inductor-Capacitor (eRIC) model-derived parameter Cp (peripheral Compliance) are reliable measures that track respiratory system function. Here we determined the predictive equations from 112 asthmatic and non-asthmatic Anglo and Hispanic children data, that were previously classified into four groups: Normal, PSAI (Probable Small Airway Impairment), SAI (Small Airway Impairment), and Asthma by using regression analysis of IOS and eRIC model parameters as dependent variables regressed against age, height, and weight. Height showed the greatest correlation with IOS and eRIC model parameters and provided the most significant reference values for these measures in Anglo and Hispanic children. These values could serve as a useful framework for diagnosis, early interventions, and treatment of respiratory diseases in this population.
CONSISTENCY AND VARIATION IN PHENOTYPIC SELECTION EXERTED BY A COMMUNITY OF SEED PREDATORS

Phenotypic selection that is sustained over time underlies both anagenesis and cladogenesis, but the conditions that lead to such selection and what causes variation in selection are not well known. We measured the selection exerted by three species of predispersal seed predators of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta latifolia) in the South Hills, Idaho, and found that net selection on different cone and seed traits exerted by red crossbills (Loxia curvirostra) and cone borer moths (Eucosma recissoriana) over 10 years of seed crops was similar to that measured in another mountain range. We also found that the strength of selection increased as seed predation increased, which provides a mechanism for the correlation between the escalation of seed defenses and the density of seed predators. Red crossbills consume the most seeds and selection they exert accounts for much of the selection experienced by lodgepole pine, providing additional support for a coevolutionary arms race between crossbills and lodgepole pine in the South Hills. The third seed predator, hairy woodpeckers (Picoides villosus), consumed less than one‐sixth as many seeds as crossbills. Across the northern Rocky Mountains, woodpecker abundance and therefore selective impact appears limited by the elevated seed defenses of lodgepole pine.
Efficacy of chitosan and sodium alginate scaffolds for repair of spinal cord injury in rats

Spinal cord injury results in the loss of motor and sensory pathways and spontaneous regeneration of adult mammalian spinal cord neurons is limited. Chitosan and sodium alginate have good biocompatibility, biodegradability, and are suitable to assist the recovery of damaged tissues, such as skin, bone and nerve. Chitosan scaffolds, sodium alginate scaffolds and chitosan-sodium alginate scaffolds were separately transplanted into rats with spinal cord hemisection. Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan locomotor rating scale scores and electrophysiological results showed that chitosan scaffolds promoted recovery of locomotor capacity and nerve transduction of the experimental rats. Sixty days after surgery, chitosan scaffolds retained the original shape of the spinal cord. Compared with sodium alginate scaffolds- and chitosan-sodium alginate scaffolds-transplanted rats, more neurofilament-H-immunoreactive cells (regenerating nerve fibers) and less glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoreactive cells (astrocytic scar tissue) were observed at the injury site of experimental rats in chitosan scaffold-transplanted rats. Due to the fast degradation rate of sodium alginate, sodium alginate scaffolds and composite material scaffolds did not have a supporting and bridging effect on the damaged tissue. Above all, compared with sodium alginate and composite material scaffolds, chitosan had better biocompatibility, could promote the regeneration of nerve fibers and prevent the formation of scar tissue, and as such, is more suitable to help the repair of spinal cord injury.
QRP07-2: An HMM Approach to Internet Traffic Modeling

Traffic modeling is a fertile research area. This paper proposes a packet-level traffic model of traffic sources based on hidden Markov model. It has been developed by using real network traffic and estimating in a combined fashion packet size and inter packet time. The effectiveness of the proposed model is evaluated by studying several traffic types with strong differences in terms of both applications/users and protocol behavior. Indeed, we applied our model to real traffic traces of Age of Mythology (a Multi Player Network Game), SMTP, and HTTP. An analytical basis and the mathematical details regarding the model are given. Results show how the proposed model captures first-order statistics, as well as temporal dynamics via auto- and cross-correlation. Also, the capability to accurately replicate the considered traffic sources is shown. Finally, preliminary results for model-based traffic prediction reveal encouraging.
Effect of actions promoting healthy eating on students' lipid profile: A controlled trial

OBJECTIVE:To assess the effect of nutrition intervention actions on the lipid profile of children and adolescents enrolled in public elementary schools.METHODS:This nine-month, controlled, intervention study included 202 students aged 7 to 14 years attending two schools (intervention/control) located in a poor neighborhood of the municipality of Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Actions were implemented in the intervention school to promote healthy eating habits, presented as "Ten steps to healthy eating". The effect of these actions was assessed by subjecting the students at baseline and end of the follow-up to biochemical, maturation, and anthropometric measurements and a produce intake survey. The dependent variables were the changes in the study biochemical parameters: total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglycerides. Analysis of covariance assessed the changes that occurred over the study period.RESULTS:The mean total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglycerides of the intervention students decreased 13.18 mg/dL (p=0.001), 7.41 mg/dL (p=0.038), and 12.37 mg/dL (p=0.029), respectively, compared with the control students.CONCLUSION:Actions of this nature have a positive impact on lipid profile. This study adds to those that use effective and viable public health strategies implementable at the primary care level.
Chemical stability and microbiological potency of intravenous vancomycin hydrochloride in polypropylene syringes for use in the neonatal intensive care unit

Study objectives : To determine the chemical stability and microbiological potency of “almost” ready-to-use vancomycin solutions in polypropylene syringes at a concentration of 5 mg/mL in both 5% glucose and 0.9% sodium chloride at 4°C and 25°C, for use in the neonatal intensive care unit. Methods: Ten-millilitre syringes were filled using aseptic techniques with a solution of vancomycin, covering body weights of 500g to 3kg at a dosage of 15mg/kg, prepared by reconstitution and dilution of commercially available vancomycin hydrochloride powder (Vancocin) and kept at 4°C and 25°C, respectively. At various storage times, the chemical stability was determined using a high-performance liquid chromatography method and the microbiological potency was assayed according to the European Pharmacopoeia 2002. Arbitrarily, 56 day samples at 4°C were brought to 25°C and analyzed after 48 hours to simulate ward conditions. The standards were the T0 solution kept at -70°C and the International Vancomycin Reference Standard. Results: The vancomycin was found to be chemically and microbiologically stable at 4°C for 6 months. Losses were important after 14 days at 25°C in both cases. The samples subjected to simulated ward conditions were stable for 48 hours at 25°C. A shelf life of 6 months was proposed. Conclusions: Syringes of low dose vancomycin manufactured and supplied by the pharmacy can be stored in the neonatal intensive care unit refrigerator for use in emergency situations thus avoiding calculation and dilution errors and reducing the risk of bacterial contamination. The solution brought to 25°C must be used within 48 hours.
Prevalence and measurement of anterior loop of the mandibular canal using CBCT: A cross sectional study

BACKGROUND Anterior loop of the mental nerve is a very important anatomic landmark in implant placement and anterior mandibular osteotomies. PURPOSE Two-dimensional imaging techniques are not competent enough to locate and measure the mental nerve loop in majority of the cases. Any injury to this loop results in pain/paresthesia/numbness in the region supplied by the mental nerve. The aim of this study is to analyze the prevalence and measure the length of the loop using cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) and calculate the average length and prevalence so that a safe margin can be given while placing the implants or the osteotomy cuts in the premolar region. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study was done using CBCT images of 85 patients taken for impaction surgery. The length of the loop was measured in mm using standardized lines drawn along specific anatomic landmarks. RESULTS In our study 11.76% of patients had anterior loop in their mental nerve. Mean length of the mental nerve loop was calculated and found to be 2.79 mm. CONCLUSION A margin of 4 mm anterior to the mental foramen should be safe to avoid any damage to the mental nerve loop bundle in majority of the cases where the loop is present.
The effects of control threat on women's acceptance of benevolent sexism and traditional gender roles

System Justification Theory (SJT; Jost & Banaji, 1994) predicts that people tend to accept and endorse the current socioeconomic and political arrangement when they feel threatened. Based on SJT, women should support traditional gender roles and benevolent sexism when they feel threatened because these system-justifying beliefs can mitigate anxiety and distress elicited by existential threats. In the current study, female participants’ responses to a control threat were measured by an author-generated scale on attitudes toward traditional gender roles for women and Benevolent Sexism Scale (Glick & Fiske, 1996). In a community sample (but not in a student sample), participants whose personal control was threatened were more accepting toward benevolent sexism when compared with those whose control was not threatened. Participants in the control-threat condition also tended to express more traditional gender attitudes for women. In both community and student samples, those with stronger system-justification beliefs also tended to endorse more traditional gender roles and benevolent sexism; they also tended to be less gender-equality oriented, more politically conservative, and more religious. The effects of control threat in the community sample were not mediated by gender-specific system justification or moderated by gender identification. Based on the Compensatory Control Model (CCM; Kay et al., 2009), it is possible that benevolent sexism and traditional gender roles are perceived as a source of compensating control, which is in line with the protective and caring tone implied by benevolent sexism (Glick & Fiske, 1996; 2001). The results suggest that control threat may lead women to accept the status quo and internalize gender inequality, rather than defending gender egalitarianism.
Work Life Quality, Healthy Work Environments, and Nurse Retention.

BACKGROUNDGlobally nursing continues to evolve and with it the role of the registered nurse (RN). At the same time, the nursing workforce is aging. By 2025 the profession will be 260 000 short of the nurses needed to meet the public demand for nursing services.1 Stress on the existing workforce of R
How children represent sustainability in the home

This paper describes an exploratory study about children's perspective on sustainability in the house through a drawing-telling method. Here, we describe the methodological framework used for interviewing children about issues related to sustainability using the drawing-telling technique as described by Susan Wright [26]. The participants (children from age 9 to 13) were asked to draw two houses and then describe their drawings in terms of sustainable actions and features. The results show how the participants understand sustainability and how they represent it in the context of a house. This pilot study is an initial step to investigate if there are opportunities to develop eco-visualizations (EVs) for children. The goal of this study is to inform the design of eco-visualizations for children based on their understanding of sustainability and their own visualization of their homes.
Selecting the Appropriate Continuous Glucose Monitoring System – a Practical Approach

Abstract Two types of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems are currently available for daily diabetes self-management: real-time CGM and intermittently scanned CGM. Both approaches provide continuous measurement of glucose concentrations in the interstitial fluid; however, each has its own unique features that can impact their usefulness and acceptability within specific patient groups. This article explores the strengths and limitations of each approach and provides guidance to healthcare professionals in selecting the CGM type that is most appropriate to the individual needs of their patients.
Observations and predictions of wave runup, extreme water levels, and medium-term dune erosion during storm conditions

Monitoring of dune erosion and accretion on the high-energy macrotidal Vougot beach in North Brittany (France) over the past decade (2004-2014) has revealed significant morphological changes. Dune toe erosion/accretion records have been compared with extreme water level measurements, defined as the sum of (i) astronomic tide, (ii) storm surge, and (iii) vertical wave runup. Runup parameterization was conducted using swash limits, beach profiles, and hydrodynamic (Hm0, Tm0,-1, and high tide water level – HTWL) data sets obtained from high frequency field surveys. The aim was to quantify in-situ environmental conditions and dimensional swash parameters for the best calibration of Battjes [1] runup formula. In addition, an empirical equation based on observed tidal water level and offshore wave height was produced to estimate extreme water levels over the whole period of dune morphological change monitoring. A good correlation between this empirical equation (1.01Hmoξo) and field runup measurements (Rmax) was obtained (R2 85%). The goodness of fit given by the RMSE was about 0.29 m. A good relationship was noticed between dune erosion and high water levels when the water levels exceeded the dune foot elevation. In contrast, when extreme water levels were below the height of the toe of the dune sediment budget increased, inducing foredune recovery. These erosion and accretion phases may be related to the North Atlantic Oscillation Index.