Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The impact of media sport events on the active participation of young people and some implications for PE pedagogy

This article addresses the impact of selected sports media events on the active participation of a group of young people aged 14/15. Its particular focus is on an intense period of media sport coverage during the European Soccer Championships (Euro ‘96), the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Championships and the Atlanta Olympics and on how a group of British young people articulate ways that consumption of these products creates opportunities and challenges for their own sports participation. The data reported here focus on one aspect drawn from a wider media sport and audience investigation designed within a hermeneutic and interpretative methodological framework. Through daily diaries and interviews this article draws particularly on young people's interpretations of sport and media as competing leisure activities and lifestyle choices; ways in which they perceive that watching sport provides them with new motivations and opportunities for physical activity; and the potential of sport media messages and images to ‘inform and fashion performance’. The results suggest that whilst there are associations to be made in relation to motivation, modeling and performance levels, connections between the intensity of media sport coverage and sustained involvement and improvement in young people's sporting activity remain tenuous. The article concludes by revisiting the author's professional concern in the light of the research process and considers the pedagogical implications for PE professionals to strengthen links between media sport and active sports participation.
Performance guarantees for B-trees with different-sized atomic keys

Most B-tree papers assume that all N keys have the same size K, that F = B/K keys fit in a disk block, and therefore that the search cost is O(logf+1 N) block transfers. When keys have variable size, however, B-tree operations have no nontrivial performance guarantees. This paper provides B-tree-like performance guarantees on dictionaries that contain keys of different sizes in a model in which keys must be stored and compared as opaque objects. The resulting atomic-key dictionaries exhibit performance bounds in terms of the average key size and match the bounds when all keys are the same size. Atomic key dictionaries can be built with minimal modification to the B-tree structure, simply by choosing the pivot keys properly. This paper describes both static and dynamic atomic-key dictionaries. In the static case, if there are N keys with average size K, the search cost is O(⌈K/B⌉ log1+⌈K/B⌉ N) expected transfers. The paper proves that it is not possible to transform these expected bounds into worst-case bounds. The cost to build the tree is O(NK) operations and O(NK/B) transfers if all keys are presented in sorted order. If not, the cost is the sorting cost. For the dynamic dictionaries, the amortized cost to insert a key κ of arbitrary length at an arbitrary rank is dominated by the cost to search for κ. Specifically the amortized cost to insert a key κ of arbitrary length and random rank is O(⌈K/B⌉ log1+⌈K/B⌉ N + |κ| /B) transfers. A dynamic-programming algorithm is shown for constructing a search tree with minimal expected cost.
Measurements and prediction of outage intensity due to multipath in terrestrial line-of-sight links

This paper presents experimental results of fade durations measurements in 20 microwave line-of-sight links in the frequency bands of 4 and 6 GHz for periods of one-year. Statistical analysis of the data provided cumulative distributions of fade depth and fade durations as well as the number of fades longer than 10 seconds for various attenuation thresholds. From the latter, an empirical method for predicting outage intensity due to multipath was derived.
Psychosocial Effects of Breast Cancer on the Patient's Children

Nineteen breast cancer outpatients responded to a semistructured interview and written measures of maternal psychosocial adjustment and children's adjustment. Mothers responded on 32 children who did not differ from a normative sample on measures of emotional and behavior problems and overall competence. However, the mothers reported significantly higher psychological distress than did a normative sample of mixed cancer patients. Hierarchical multiple regressions revealed that children whose mothers did not have serious complications associated with treatment and whose mothers reported more psychological distress were rated as having significantly more emotional and behavior problems. Mothers who did not experience serious complications of treatment also reported sigmficantly lower overall competence in their children. Finally, family adaptability appeared to be related to the ability of mothers and children to cope with the mother's illness. The authors suggest that the implications include providing con.
Medical students at risk of nosocomial transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

SETTING University and teaching hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, a city with a high prevalence of tuberculosis (TB). OBJECTIVE To determine whether medical students are at increased risk of nosocomial transmission of Mycobacterium tuberculosis relative to other university students. DESIGN A cross-sectional study of medical and chemical engineering students in different levels of their training programmes. Information about socio-demographic characteristics, BCG vaccination history, and potential exposures to TB were obtained using a standardised questionnaire. Tuberculin skin testing (TST) was used to determine the prevalence of infection with TB. RESULTS Medical students have an increasing prevalence of TST positivity as they advance in their training programme to increasing levels of study (4.6%, 7.8%, 16.2%, respectively, P < 0.001), but chemical engineering students do not (4.2%, 4.3%, 4.4%, respectively, P = 0.913). The risks are greatest during the years of clinical training, when medical students have increased contact with patients. CONCLUSIONS Medical students in this setting may be at increased risk of M. tuberculosis infection, relative to chemical engineering students. A programme of routine tuberculin skin testing is needed, combined with interventions to reduce the risk of nosocomial transmission in the workplace.
Factors that assist and barriers that hinder the success of diversity initiatives in multinational corporations

The purpose of this study was to identify and provide information on the factors that assist and barriers that hinder the success of diversity initiatives in multinational corporations. Eight multinational corporations headquartered in the United States were selected for this study. Two methods of data collection were used: semi-structured face-to-face interviews and document analysis. Diversity managers/directors were asked to provide information on the factors assisting in the success of diversity initiatives and the barriers that hinder the success of diversity initiatives. This study revealed that having a strategic plan for diversity initiatives, integrating diversity initiatives into the corporation's strategic plan, recognizing that diversity is a business imperative, having a culture that values diversity and having top management support were the factors most likely to assist in the success of diversity initiatives. The study also disclosed that people not understanding the value of diversity, competing agendas, size and complexity of the corporation and economic changes were the barriers most likely to hinder the success of diversity initiatives in multinational corporations.
Feasibility of Using PZT Actuators to Study the Dynamic Behavior of a Rotating Disk due to Rotor-Stator Interaction

In this paper, PZT actuators are used to study the dynamic behavior of a rotating disk structure due to rotor-stator interaction excitation. The disk is studied with two different surrounding fluids—air and water. The study has been performed analytically and validated experimentally. For the theoretical analysis, the natural frequencies and the associated mode shapes of the rotating disk in air and water are obtained with the Kirchhoff-Love thin plate theory coupled with the interaction with the surrounding fluid. A model for the Rotor Stator Interaction that occurs in many rotating disk-like parts of turbomachinery such as compressors, hydraulic runners or alternators is presented. The dynamic behavior of the rotating disk due to this excitation is deduced. For the experimental analysis a test rig has been developed. It consists of a stainless steel disk (r = 198 mm and h = 8 mm) connected to a variable speed motor. Excitation and response are measured from the rotating system. For the rotating excitation four piezoelectric patches have been used. Calibrating the piezoelectric patches in amplitude and phase, different rotating excitation patterns are applied on the rotating disk in air and in water. Results show the feasibility of using PZT to control the response of the disk due to a rotor-stator interaction.
Sense of coherence and adjustment to divorce among Muslim Arab citizens of Israel

This study examined the distinctiveness and causal relationships of Antonovsky's (1979) Sense of Coherence Scale and the Mental Health Index of Veit and Ware (1983) in a sample of 306 divorced Muslim Arab men and women in Israel. The findings, based on confirmatory factor analysis and latent‐variable structural modelling, suggest that in the present sample sense of coherence (SOC) and mental health are two independent but correlated constructs. They also suggest that, consistent with Antonovsky's theory, SOC may be better viewed as a mediator between stress and mental health than as a concurrent outcome of stress, although the latter possibility is not ruled out. Finally, the findings indicate that the SOC of the sample was relatively low in comparison with other groups. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Helpful impacts in group counseling: Development of a multidimensional rating system.

The underlying structure of group therapy participants' perceptions of helpful therapeutic impacts were explored through principal-components analysis. Critical incidents obtained from 210 interpersonal growth group and 74 group counseling participants were rated on a measure that incorporated items from the Therapeutic Factors (S. Bloch, J. Reibstein, E. Crouch, P. Holroyd, & J. Themen, 1979), and Categories of Good Moments (A. R. Mahrer & W. P. Nadler, 1986) rating systems and R. Elliott's (1985) taxonomy of helpful impacts. Principal-components analysis revealed four underlying factors that accounted for 59.2% of the variance. These factors were labeled Emotional Awareness-Insight, Relationship-Climate, Other Versus Self Focus, and Problem Solving-Behavior Change. The identified helpful therapeutic impact dimensions were related to perceptions of group leader behavior and to ratings of group climate.
Transcriptome Analysis of the Melon-Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis Race 1.2 Pathosystem in Susceptible and Resistant Plants

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis Snyd. & Hans race 1.2 (FOM1.2) is the most virulent and yield-limiting pathogen of melon (Cucumis melo L.) worldwide. Current information suggest that the resistance to race 1.2 is controlled by multiple recessive genes and strongly affected by the environment. RNA-Seq analysis was used to identify candidate resistance genes and to dissect the early molecular processes deployed during melon-FOM1.2 interaction in the resistant doubled haploid line NAD and in the susceptible genotype Charentais-T (CHT) at 24 and 48 h post-inoculation (hpi). The transcriptome analysis of the NAD-FOM1.2 interaction identified 2,461 and 821 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at 24 hpi and at 48 hpi, respectively, while in susceptible combination CHT-FOM1.2, 882 and 2,237 DEGs were recovered at 24 hpi and at 48 hpi, respectively. The overall expression profile suggests a prompt activation of the defense responses in NAD due to its basal defense-related machinery that allows an early pathogen recognition. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analyses revealed a total of 57 GO terms shared by both genotypes and consistent with response to fungal infection. GO classes named “chitinase activity,” “cellulase activity,” “defense response, incompatible interaction,” “auxin polar transport” emerged as major factors of resistance to FOM1.2. The data indicated that NAD reacts to FOM1.2 with a fine regulation of Ca2+-mediated signaling pathways, cell wall reorganization, and hormone crosstalk (jasmonate and ethylene, auxin and abscissic acid). Several unannotated transcripts were recovered providing a basis for a further exploration of the melon resistance genes. DEGs belonging to the FOM1.2 genome were also detected in planta as a resource for the identification of potential pathogenicity factors. This work provides a broader view of the dynamic changes of the melon transcriptome triggered by FOM1.2 and highlights that the resistance response of NAD is mainly signaled by jasmonic acid and ethylene pathways mediated by ABA and auxin. The role of candidate plant and fungal responsive genes involved in the resistance is discussed.
Orthopedic Implant Particle‐Induced Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α Production in Macrophage–Monocyte Lineage Cells Is Mediated by Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells

Abstract: Wear particles produced from artificial joint prostheses are known to cause macrophage–monocyte lineage cells to produce proosteoclastogenic cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α. The specific molecular mechanism, however, is not yet known. Bioinformatic analysis showed that the promoter region of TNF‐α has several consensus sequences for NFAT binding. Consequently, we examined the role of nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT) in TNF‐α production. Our investigation has shown that treatment with titanium nanoparticles increased TNF‐α gene expression along with TNF‐α protein secretion in murine macrophage‐like RAW264.7 and primary monocyte–macrophage cells. Titanium particle‐induced TNF‐α induction was inhibited by VIVIT, a peptide inhibitor that targets the calcineurin/NFAT axis, which suggests that NFAT mediates metallic particle‐induced TNF‐α expression in monocyte–macrophage lineage cells.
The effect of a unique propolis compound ( PropoelixTM ) on clinical outcomes in patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever

License. The full terms of the License are available at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. Permissions beyond the scope of the License are administered by Dove Medical Press Limited. Information on how to request permission may be found at: http://www.dovepress. com/permissions.php Infection and Drug Resistance 2014:7 323–329 Infection and Drug Resistance Dovepress
Immersive Tendency, Feeling of Presence, and Simulator Sickness: Formulation of a Causal Model

Three virtual environment (VE) constructs were studied and a model was generated to explain the relations among them. Data were gathered using the Immersive Tendency Questionnaire (ITQ), the Presence Questionnaire (PQ), and the Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ). The model was tested and modified using structural equation modeling (SEM) techniques. The results showed that the original hypothesized model did not fit the data very well (which is typical), but after respecification the model showed good fit to the data. These results suggest that immersive tendency may have an effect upon simulator sickness and presence, and simulator sickness may have an effect upon presence.
The UDP N-Acetylgalactosamine 4-Epimerase Gene Is Essential for Mesophilic Aeromonas hydrophila Serotype O34 Virulence

ABSTRACT Mesophilic Aeromonas hydrophila strains of serotype O34 typically express smooth lipopolysaccharide (LPS) on their surface. A single mutation in the gene that codes for UDP N-acetylgalactosamine 4-epimerase (gne) confers the O− phenotype (LPS without O-antigen molecules) on a strain in serotypes O18 and O34, but not in serotypes O1 and O2. The gne gene is present in all the mesophilic Aeromonas strains tested. No changes were observed for the LPS core in a gne mutant from A. hydrophila strain AH-3 (serotype O34). O34 antigen LPS contains N-acetylgalactosamine, while no such sugar residue forms part of the LPS core from A. hydrophila AH-3. Some of the pathogenic features of A. hydrophila AH-3 gne mutants are drastically reduced (serum resistance or adhesion to Hep-2 cells), and the gne mutants are less virulent for fish and mice compared to the wild-type strain. Strain AH-3, like other mesophilic Aeromonas strains, possess two kinds of flagella, and the absence of O34 antigen molecules by gne mutation in this strain reduced motility without any effect on the biogenesis of both polar and lateral flagella. The reintroduction of the single wild-type gne gene in the corresponding mutants completely restored the wild-type phenotype (presence of smooth LPS) independently of the O wild-type serotype, restored the virulence of the wild-type strain, and restored motility (either swimming or swarming).
Low temperature and fertilization‐induced Ca2+ changes in rat eggs

In mammalian eggs, activation by sperm that leads to resumption of meiosis is characterized by an explosive transient increase in intracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i), followed by [Ca2+]i oscillations. In addition to the spermatozoon, various treatments can induce parthenogenetic activation, accompanied by an elevation of [Ca2+]i. It has been reported that cooling can induce egg activation, yet the mechanism of this phenomenon has not been elucidated. In the present study we followed changes in egg [Ca2+]i (measured by Fura‐2 fluorescence ratio imaging) during activation by cooling, using conditions that ensure a low rate of spontaneous activation.
Guidance theory and practice: The status of career exploration

Career intervention can be designed to enhance constructive attitudes, emotions and behaviours that will improve clients' career attainment. In this sense, mobilisation of career exploration constitutes one of the most important tasks of career counsellors, particularly with emphasis in developmental career guidance models, first developed in the 1950s. The authors present a brief review of career exploration conceptualisation and empirical research lines. The implications for career guidance and counselling are addressed.
Expected loss bounds for authentication in constrained channels

We derive bounds on the expected loss for authentication protocols in channels which are constrained due to noisy conditions and communication costs. This is motivated by a number of authentication protocols, where at least some part of the authentication is performed during a phase, lasting n rounds, with no error correction. This requires assigning an acceptable threshold for the number of detected errors and taking into account the cost of incorrect authentication and of communication. This paper describes a framework enabling an expected loss analysis for all the protocols in this family. Computationally simple methods to obtain nearly optimal values for the threshold, as well as for the number of rounds are suggested and upper bounds on the expected loss, holding uniformly, are given. These bounds are tight, as shown by a matching lower bound. Finally, a method to adaptively select both the number of rounds and the threshold is proposed for a certain class of protocols.
Teacher stress and pupil behaviour explored through a rational-emotive behaviour therapy framework

Using the psychological framework of rational-emotive behaviour therapy, the principal aim of this study was to establish whether irrational beliefs, self-efficacy or pupil behaviour predicted teacher reports of stress. A secondary aim was to establish whether these variables, in addition to teachers’ verbal feedback to pupils in class, predicted on-task pupil behaviour. Participants consisted of 58 teachers from five secondary schools, who completed three self-report questionnaires examining teacher stress, self-efficacy and irrational beliefs. In addition, both teachers and pupils were systematically observed in class using a structured schedule. The results indicated that high self-reported irrational beliefs and low self-efficacy predicted high levels of teacher stress. In addition, high self-efficacy and low levels of negative comments directed at pupils’ social behaviour and academic work in the classroom predicted high levels of on-task pupil behaviour. The implications for supporting teachers in these areas are discussed.
Epigenetic Control May Explain Large Within-Plant Heterogeneity of Meiotic Behavior in Telocentric Trisomics of Rye

In telocentric trisomics (telotrisomics) of organisms in which the chromosomes normally have two distinct arms, a single chromosome arm with a centromere is present in addition to a complete diploid set of chromosomes. It is the simplest form of polysomy and suitable for analyzing meiotic pairing and recombination patterns in situations where chromosomes compete for pairing. When no suitable meiotic chromosome markers are available, four metaphase I configurations can be distinguished. Their relative frequencies are indicative of the pairing and recombination patterns. In short arm (1RS) telotrisomics of chromosome 1R of rye (Secale cereale) we observed great differences in pairing and recombination patterns among spikes from different tillers and clones of the same plants. Anthers within spikes were only very rarely different. We analyzed a large number of genotypes, including inbreds as well as hybrids. The effects of genetic and environmental conditions on heterogeneity, if any, were limited. Considering that the reproductive tissue of a spike is derived from one primordial cell, it seems that at the start of sexual differentiation there was variation among cells in chromosomal control, which at meiosis determines pairing and crossing-over competence. We suggest that it is an epigenetic system that rigidly maintains this pattern through generative differentiation. In competitive situations the combination most competent for pairing will pair preferentially, forming specific meiotic configurations with different frequencies for different spikes of the same plant. This would explain the heterogeneity between spikes and the homogeneity within spikes. The epigenetic system could involve chromatin conformation or DNA methylation. There were no signs of heterochromatinization.
Helical magnetic fields associated with the relativistic jets of four BL Lac objects

Evidence has been mounting that many of the transverse jet B fields observed in BL Lac objects on parsec scales represent the dominant toroidal component of the intrinsic jet B fields. Such fields could come about, for example, as a result of the ‘winding up’ of an initial ‘seed’ field with a significant longitudinal component by the rotation of the central accreting object. If this is the case, this should give rise to gradients in the rotation measure across the jets, due to the systematic change in the line-of-sight component of the jet B field. We present evidence for transverse rotation measure gradients in four BL Lac objects, strengthening arguments that the jets of these objects do indeed have toroidal or helical B fields. This underlines the view of the jets as fundamentally electromagnetic structures, and suggests that they may well carry non-zero currents. It also provides a natural means to collimate the jets.