Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
‘I thought it would be tiny little one phrase that we said, in a huge big pile of papers’: children’s reflections on their involvement in participatory research

In this article, we report on a follow-up session that was organised to share findings with children about a participatory research project they had been involved in a few months earlier. This was motivated by the ethical concern that it is the children’s right to be informed about the results of the research. In the process of reflecting on the research project, however, the children diverted the researcher’s focus onto aspects of the research that mattered to them. Rather than discussing the results and the benefits of the research, the children were keen to discuss issues of representation, questioning the researcher about pseudonyms, transcribing and their role and presence in the dissertation. The follow-up session opened up a transformational space where both the child participants and the adult researchers gained new understandings about research processes and relationships. We argue that such retrospective reflection can be a beneficial tool to explore children’s post hoc interpretations about the research, while developing researcher reflexivity.
Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine for Acute Ischemic Stroke

AbstractThe aim of the study is to conduct an overview of systematic reviews (SRs) to provide a contemporary review of the evidence for delivery of Traditional Chinese Patent Medicine (TCPMs) for patients with acute ischemic stroke.SRs were assessed for quality using the Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) tool and the Oxman-Guyatt Overview Quality Assessment Questionnaire (OQAQ). We assessed the quality of the evidence of high methodological quality (an AMSTAR score ≥9 or an OQAQ score ≥7) for reported outcomes using the GRADE (the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach. (1) Dan Shen agents: tiny trends toward the improvement in different neurological outcomes (RR = 1.16, 1.10, 1.23, 1.08, 1.12); (2) Mailuoning: a tiny trend toward improvement in the neurological outcome (RR = 1.18); (3) Ginkgo biloba: tiny trends toward improvement in the neurological outcome (RR = 1.18, MD = 0.81); (4) Dengzhanhua: a tiny trend toward an improvement in neurological (RR = 1.23); (5) Acanthopanax: a small positive (RR = 1.17, 1.31) result on neurological improvement reported; (6) Chuanxiong-type preparations: neurological functional improved (MD = 2.90);(7) Puerarin: no better effect on the rate of death or disability (OR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.35–1.87); (8) Milk vetch: no better effect on the rate of death (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.11–2.83);(9) Qingkailing: rate of death reduced (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.11–2.83). Limitations in the methodological quality of the RCTs, inconsistency and imprecision led to downgrading of the quality of the evidence, which varied by review and by outcome. Consequently, there are currently only weak evidences to support those TCPMs.The 9 TCPMs may be effective in the treatment of acute ischemic stroke, as the GRADE approach indicated a weak recommendation for those TCPMs’ usage.
A Novel Inexpensive Use of Smartphone Technology for Ecological Momentary Assessment in Middle-Aged Women.

BACKGROUND Commercially available mobile and Internet technologies present a promising opportunity to feasibly conduct ecological momentary assessment (EMA). The purpose of this study was to describe a novel EMA protocol administered on middle-aged women's smartphones via text messaging and mobile Internet. METHODS Women (N = 9; mean age = 46.2 ± 8.2 y) received 35 text message prompts to a mobile survey assessing activity, self-worth, and self-efficacy over 14 days. Prompts were scheduled and surveys were administered using commercial, Internet-based programs. Prompting was tailored to each woman's daily wake/sleep schedule. Women concurrently wore a wrist-worn accelerometer. Feasibility was assessed via survey completion, accelerometer wear, participant feedback, and researcher notes. RESULTS Of 315 prompted surveys, 287 responses were valid (91.1%). Average completion time was 1.52 ± 1.03 minutes. One participant's activity data were excluded due to accelerometer malfunction, resulting in complete data from 8 participants (n = 252 [80.0%] valid observations). Women reported the survey was easily and quickly read/completed. However, most thought the accelerometer was inconvenient. CONCLUSIONS High completion rates and perceived usability suggest capitalizing on widely available technology and tailoring prompting schedules may optimize EMA in middle-aged women. However, researchers may need to carefully select objective monitors to maintain data validity while limiting participant burden.
Srs2 and Sgs1 DNA Helicases Associate with Mre11 in Different Subcomplexes following Checkpoint Activation and CDK1-Mediated Srs2 Phosphorylation

ABSTRACT Mutations in the genes encoding the BLM and WRN RecQ DNA helicases and the MRE11-RAD50-NBS1 complex lead to genome instability and cancer predisposition syndromes. The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Sgs1 RecQ helicase and the Mre11 protein, together with the Srs2 DNA helicase, prevent chromosome rearrangements and are implicated in the DNA damage checkpoint response and in DNA recombination. By searching for Srs2 physical interactors, we have identified Sgs1 and Mre11. We show that Srs2, Sgs1, and Mre11 form a large complex, likely together with yet unidentified proteins. This complex reorganizes into Srs2-Mre11 and Sgs1-Mre11 subcomplexes following DNA damage-induced activation of the Mec1 and Tel1 checkpoint kinases. The defects in subcomplex formation observed in mec1 and tel1 cells can be recapitulated in srs2-7AV mutants that are hypersensitive to intra-S DNA damage and are altered in the DNA damage-induced and Cdk1-dependent phosphorylation of Srs2. Altogether our observations indicate that Mec1- and Tel1-dependent checkpoint pathways modulate the functional interactions between Srs2, Sgs1, and Mre11 and that the Srs2 DNA helicase represents an important target of the Cdk1-mediated cellular response induced by DNA damage.
Sleep Apnea Detection Based on Thoracic and Abdominal Movement Signals of Wearable Piezoelectric Bands

Physiologically, the thoracic (THO) and abdominal (ABD) movement signals, captured using wearable piezoelectric bands, provide information about various types of apnea, including central sleep apnea (CSA) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). However, the use of piezoelectric wearables in detecting sleep apnea events has been seldom explored in the literature. This study explored the possibility of identifying sleep apnea events, including OSA and CSA, by solely analyzing one or both the THO and ABD signals. An adaptive nonharmonic model was introduced to model the THO and ABD signals, which allows us to design features for sleep apnea events. To confirm the suitability of the extracted features, a support vector machine was applied to classify three categories – normal and hypopnea, OSA, and CSA. According to a database of 34 subjects, the overall classification accuracies were on average <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{75.9}}\%\pm {\text{11.7}}\%$</tex-math></inline-formula> and <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{73.8}}\%\pm {\text{4.4}}\%$</tex-math></inline-formula>, respectively, based on the cross validation. When the features determined from the THO and ABD signals were combined, the overall classification accuracy became <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{81.8}}\%\pm {\text{9.4}}\%$</tex-math></inline-formula>. These features were applied for designing a state machine for online apnea event detection. Two event-by-event accuracy indexes, <italic>S</italic> and <italic>I</italic>, were proposed for evaluating the performance of the state machine. For the same database, the <italic>S</italic> index was <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{84.01}}\%\pm {\text{9.06}}\%$</tex-math></inline-formula> and the <italic>I</italic> index was <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\text{77.21}}\%\pm {\text{19.01}}\%$ </tex-math></inline-formula>. The results indicate the considerable potential of applying the proposed algorithm to clinical examinations for both screening and homecare purposes.
A Cross-Validation Study of the Kirton Adaption-Innovation Inventory in Three Research and Development Organizations

A cross-validation study of the Kirton Adaption- Innovation Inventory (KAI) was conducted with 256 professional employees from three applied research and development organizations. The KAI was found to correlate well with direct measures of in novativeness (peer-nomination and management- rated measures of innovativeness) as well as with in direct indicators of innovativeness (number of pub lications, education, performance as rated by man agement, organizational level, self-esteem, intoler ance of ambiguity, and need for clarity). These re sults, moreover, held up well in each of the three research and development organizations. The orig inality subscale was found to be a potentially useful short version of the KAI. Implications for the use of the KAI are discussed.
Sense of School Membership and Associated Academic and Psychological Outcomes in Post-Institutionalized Adopted High School Students

ABSTRACT Research highlights lasting cognitive and academic challenges in youth internationally adopted from institutional care. However, there is a lack of research examining internationally adopted students' sense of membership at school and associated academic and psychological outcomes. The current study measured sense of school membership and academic and psychological outcomes in post-institutionalized internationally adopted high school students (n = 29) compared to adolescents internationally adopted from foster care (n = 28) and non-adopted adolescents (n = 32). Post-institutionalized males had a lower sense of school membership than males adopted from foster care or non-adopted males. Group differences in school membership were mediated by academic achievement and psychological well-being.
Five-Year Review of HIV-Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Co-Infected Patients in a New York City AIDS Center

A retrospective review of 4,721 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients, followed at St. Luke's Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York City, was conducted from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2009. HIV-Hepatitis B virus (HBV) co-infection rate was 218/4,721, 4.6%. Among co-infected patients, 19 patients (19/218, 8.7%) died; 13 patients (13/19, 68.4%) died from non-acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) defining including 2 patients with liver failure. More non-survivors (5 patients, 5/19, 26.3%) had liver cirrhosis than those who survived (8 patients, 8/199, 4.0%; P = 0.002). There were more patients with positive HBV e antigen (HBeAg) among non-survivors, (12 patients, 12/19, 63.2%) than among survivors (74 patients, 74/199, 37.2%; P = 0.047). HIV-HBV co-infection is associated with increased overall mortality. Therefore, use of dual active antiretrovirals, particularly, tenofovir (TDF) based regimen for optimal suppression of HIV-HBV and immune restoration with prevention of high risk behaviors may contribute to improved outcomes.
Death or survival from invasive pneumococcal disease in Scotland: associations with serogroups and multilocus sequence types

We describe associations between death from invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and particular serogroups and sequence types (STs) determined by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) using data from Scotland. All IPD episodes where blood or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) culture isolates were referred to the Scottish Haemophilus, Legionella, Meningococcal and Pneumococcal Reference Laboratory (SHLMPRL) from January 1992 to February 2007 were matched to death certification records by the General Register Office for Scotland. This represented 5959 patients. The median number of IPD cases in Scotland each year was 292. Deaths, from any cause, within 30 days of pneumococcal culture from blood or CSF were considered to have IPD as a contributing factor. Eight hundred and thirty-three patients died within 30 days of culture of Streptococcus pneumoniae from blood or CSF [13.95 %; 95 % confidence interval (13.10, 14.80)]. The highest death rates were in patients over the age of 75. Serotyping data exist for all years but MLST data were only available from 2001 onward. The risk ratio of dying from infection due to particular serogroups or STs compared to dying from IPD due to all other serogroups or STs was calculated. Fisher’s exact test with Bonferroni adjustment for multiple testing was used. Age adjustment was accomplished using the Cochran–Mantel–Haenszel test and 95 % confidence intervals were reported. Serogroups 3, 11 and 16 have increased probability of causing fatal IPD in Scotland while serogroup 1 IPD has a reduced probability of causing death. None of the 20 most common STs were significantly associated with death within 30 days of pneumococcal culture, after age adjustment. We conclude that there is a stronger association between a fatal outcome and pneumococcal capsular serogroup than there is between a fatal outcome and ST.
Raising young children on the autism spectrum: Parental stress and perceived social support

Raising a child with autism generates a variety of issues for the family involved. It is a disorder that is particularly stressful for the family as a whole, and much research has shown elevated levels of stress in parents raising a child with autism (Dabrowska & Pisula, 2011; Lee, 2009). Past research has shown that social support (both formal and informal) has been able to reduce levels of parental stress. The purpose of the current research was to explore the relationship between parental stress and perceived social support while raising a young child with autism. The present study hypothesized that perceived social support would be negatively correlated with levels of parental stress of mothers raising a young child with autism. Participants were 25 mothers who had a child 10 years old or younger with an autism spectrum disorder. Mothers were asked to complete the Parenting Stress Index—Short Form IV (PSI-SF-IV), the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC), the Family Support Scale (FSS), and a brief demographic questionnaire. Bivariate one-tailed correlational analyses showed medium-strength negative correlations between both the Formal and Informal Support total score on the FSS and the Total Stress Index on the PSI-SF-IV. Additionally, the Informal Support total score on the FSS was associated with decreased levels of parental stress on all three indices of the PSI-SF-IV: Parent-Child Dysfunctional Interaction, Difficult Child, and Total Stress. Results indicated that the more overall social support a mother perceives herself to receive, the lower her overall parental stress. Running Head: AUTISM, PARENTAL STRESS AND SOCIAL SUPPORT iii
Adrenergic Pharmacology: Focus on the Central Nervous System

ABSTRACT Norepinephrine and epinephrine are involved in the control of several important functions of the central nervous system (CNS), including sleep, arousal, mood, appetite, and autonomic outflow. Catecholamines control these functions through activation of a family of adrenergic receptors (ARs). The ARs are divided into three subfamilies (α1, α2, and β) based on their pharmacologic properties, signaling mechanisms, and structure. ARs in the CNS are targets for several therapeutic agents used in the treatment of depression, obesity, hypertension, and other diseases. Not much is known, however, about the role of specific AR sub-types in the actions of these drugs. In this paper, we provide an overview of adrenergic pharmacology in the CNS, focusing on the pharmacologic properties of subtype-selective AR agonists and antagonists, the accessibility of these drugs to the CNS, and the distribution of ARs in different areas of the brain.
Contracts, Control and Presentation in IT Outsourcing: Research in 13 UK Organizations

Information technology (IT) outsourcing continues to experience phenomenal growth, with an estimated market size of over $100 billion in 2000. Its adoption by some of the largest international corporations has seen outsourcing become considered a key component of the information management agenda. Critical to this agenda is the formulation of comprehensive contracts. For this, legal experts and/or advisors can be consulted, but enforcement depends very much on client and vendor account managers. A theoretical analysis of the contract contrasted with empirical data from client and vendor post-contract management practice revealed that the contract has a number of purposes beyond its sole legal nature, outlining a number of control dimensions both parties aim to enforce. This paper presents findings from 13 UK-based organisations on the role of the outsourcing contract and its purpose for ensuring control over the clientâ€™s outsourcing destiny.
Mathematical Competence and Performance in Geometry of High School Students

The primary objective of the study was to determine the mathematical competence and performance in Geometry of high school students. More specifically, the study ascertained if selected variables like gender, third year grade in English, learning styles, class size and classroom structure significantly affect the high school students’ performance in Geometry and their mathematical competence in terms of mathematics concepts and problem solving skills. Respondents of the study were the 212 high school students who were taken at random from the three national high schools. The data were analyzed using SPSS Program. Results of the study revealed the following: The classrooms of Geometry classes were “highly structured”. The high school students in Mambusao taking Geometry have varied learning styles. They had low level of mathematical competence and low academic performance in the said subject. Students who have high preference in reading/writing and are tactile/kinesthetic learners perform significantly higher. The learning styles of high school students, class size, classroom structure, and level of mathematical competence significantly affect their performance in geometry. While, grade in English, learning styles of the high school students and class size significantly affect their level of mathematical competence.
WEB APPENDIX FOR: IS THERE A FISCAL FREE LUNCH IN A LIQUIDITY TRAP?

(A.1) where the discount factor ˇ satis es 0 < ˇ < 1. The period utility function depends on the household’s current consumption Ct as deviation from a “reference level” C tCj , where C is steady state consumption, and a positive taste shock t raises this reference level and thus the marginal utility of consumption associated with any given consumption level. The period utility function also depends inversely on hours worked Nt . Following Eggertsson and Woodford (2003), the subutility function over real balances, F . MBtCjC1 . h//=PtCj , is assumed to have a satiation point for MB=P . The inclusion of money which is a zero nominal interest asset provides a rationale for the zero lower bound on nominal interest rates. However, we maintain the assumptions that money is additive and that 0 is arbitrarily small so that changes in real money balances have negligible implications for seignorage. Together, these
Accuracy of Automatic Polysomnography Scoring Using Frontal Electrodes.

STUDY OBJECTIVES The economic cost of performing sleep monitoring at home is a major deterrent to adding sleep data during home studies for investigation of sleep apnea and to investigating non-respiratory sleep complaints. Michele Sleep Scoring System (MSS) is a validated automatic system that utilizes central electroencephalography (EEG) derivations and requires minimal editing. We wished to determine if MSS' accuracy is maintained if frontal derivations are used instead. If confirmed, home sleep monitoring would not require home setup or lengthy manual scoring by technologists. METHODS One hundred two polysomnograms (PSGs) previously recorded from patients with assorted sleep disorders were scored using MSS once with central and once with frontal derivations. Total sleep time, sleep/stage R sleep onset latencies, awake time, time in different sleep stages, arousal/awakening index and apnea-hypopnea index were compared. In addition, odds ratio product (ORP), a continuous index of sleep depth/quality (Sleep 2015;38:641-54), was generated for every 30-sec epoch in each PSG and epoch-by-epoch comparison of ORP was performed. RESULTS Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) ranged from 0.89 to 1.0 for the various sleep variables (0.96 ± 0.03). For epoch-by-epoch comparisons of ORP, ICC was > 0.85 in 96 PSGs. Lower values in the other six PSGs were related to signal artifacts in either derivation. ICC for whole-record average ORP was 0.98. CONCLUSIONS MSS is as accurate with frontal as with central EEG derivations. The use of frontal electrodes along with MSS should make it possible to obtain high-quality sleep data without requiring home setup or lengthy scoring time by expert technologists.
Yolked Oocyte Dynamics Support Agreement between Determinate- and Indeterminate-Method Estimates of Annual Fecundity for a Northeastern United States Population of American Shad

Reports of American shad fecundity identify two important themes regarding egg production in fishes. First, geographic variation occurs and is biologically meaningful. Shad annual fecundity decreases with increasing latitude, but predicted lifetime fecundity does not, because of a counter-gradient of survival probability, all of which can explain the adaptive significance of natal homing. Second, the appropriate method of measuring fecundity depends on the pattern of oocyte development. Historically, the relatively simple determinate-fecundity method was used; however, a recent study in a Virginia river indicates that this method may be biased, requiring the more complicated indeterminate method. We address both themes with collections from the 2015 shad spawning run in the Connecticut River, USA. Criteria for using a determinate method were satisfied for this northern population: 1) a size gap evident in the oocyte size frequency distribution, indicating group-synchronous development of yolked oocytes; 2) a decline, early in spawning, in the standing stock of yolked oocytes; and 3) low levels of atresia at the end of spawning. The determinate-method estimate of American shad annual (2015) fecundity (303,000 ± 73,400; mean ± sd) overlapped historic estimates for this and a neighboring river. The indeterminate-method estimate of annual (2015) fecundity (311,500 ± 4,500 sd) was not significantly different from the determinate-method estimate (Student’s t-test, P > 0.05). In contrast, indeterminate-method estimates of annual fecundity for a Virginia population were twice as high as that measured by the determinate method in the past. This can all be explained by fundamentally different patterns of oogenesis (i.e., group synchrony versus asynchrony with respect to yolk development) at different latitudes. American shad, which is distributed within its native range from the Canadian maritimes to Florida, USA (50–30°N), may be particularly well suited to evaluate intra-specific variation in oocyte development, a relatively unexplored life history trait.