Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Unconvincing and ineffective: Young adult responses to current Australian alcohol product warnings

Abstract Objective Public health literature suggests that alcohol warnings on products could be utilised to effectively communicate the risks of alcohol consumption. However, there is a lack of research regarding how consumers perceive such warnings. This qualitative study aimed to understand young adult drinkers’ perceptions of current voluntary Australian alcohol product warnings. Method Six focus groups (n = 40) were conducted to examine impressions, reactions, and thoughts about current alcohol warnings on Australian products. Participants were alcohol‐consuming male and female (55%) university students from Victoria, Australia, aged 18–25-years (M = 20.54, SD = 2.17). Focus groups were video recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed thematically. Results Three broad themes emerged from the data: (1) participants’ lack of understanding of DrinkWise as an industry‐funded body; (2) a belief the warnings were too small, hard to find, vague, and conveyed weak messages; and (3) the current Australian warnings would not encourage them to change their drinking behaviour or to seek further information about the harms of alcohol. Conclusions Our sample of current Australian young adults perceived the alcohol warning messages to be unconvincing and did not deter them from drinking to excess. These findings suggest that alcohol warnings need to be prominent on alcohol product labels, include images, and contain targeted messages.
A bronchogenic cyst, presenting as a retroperitoneal cystic mass

Bronchogenic cysts are mostly benign, congenital abnormalities originating from the remnants of the primitive foregut. A retroperitoneal location is rare. Due to the mostly asymptomatic behavior and the historical confusion regarding histology, an exact prevalence is not known. We present here a case report of a retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst. A literature review was performed for cases of retroperitoneal bronchogenic cysts written in English. Anatomopathological criteria for inclusion were pseudo stratified, ciliated, columnar epithelium together with the presence of at least one of the following: cartilage, smooth muscle or seromucous glands. In addition, the embryology, pathogenesis, radiological, clinical and suggested treatment modalities are reviewed. We report the surgical excision of a retroperitoneal bronchogenic cyst that presented as a non-functioning left adrenal mass. Our review of literature revealed only 62 potential cases of retroperitoneal bronchogenic cysts. After applying the strict anatomopathological criteria, only 30 cases of true retroperitoneal bronchogenic cysts could be identified. Retroperitoneal location of a bronchogenic cyst is rare. Despite the rarity of this pathologic entity, bronchogenic cysts should be considered in the differential diagnosis of retroperitoneal cystic lesions. Only histology can confirm definitive diagnosis. Surgery remains the recommended treatment of choice.
Preparation and Properties of Novel Sulfonated Poly (phenylene arylene) (SPA) Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications

A series of sulfonated poly(phenylene arylene) membranes were successfully prepared from 2,5-dichloro-3'-sulfobenzophenone (DCSB) and 2,2'-bis[4-(4-chlorobenzoyl)phenoxyl] perfluoropropane (BCPPF) through Ni(0)-catalyzed copolymerization. The membranes were obtained by solution casting method. They showed good mechanical strength and almost isotropic swelLing behavior. Membrane No.2 with an IEC of 2.0 meg/q showed high polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) performance data of open cirCuit voltage (OCV) of 0.95 V, cell voltage at 0.5 Acm-2 (V0.5=0.74 V), maximum output (Wmax=0.96 Wcm-2) at 90 oC, 80% relative humidity condition.
Health and Quality of Life Outcomes

Objectives: To assess satisfaction of survivors of coronary artery diseases (CAD) with healthcare services and to determine whether specific components of standard health-related quality of life (HRQL) assessment tools might identify areas of satisfaction and dissatisfaction. Method: A specific tool developed to provide a comprehensive assessment of healthcare needs was administered concomitantly with generic and specific HRQL instruments, on 242 patients with CAD, admitted to an acute coronary unit during a single year. Results: 92.5% of patients confirmed their trust in and satisfaction with the care given by their General Practitioner; even so, one third experienced difficulty getting an appointment and a quarter wanted more time for each consultation or prompt referral to a specialist when needed. Around a third expressed dissatisfaction with advice from the practice nurse or hospital consultant. Overall 54% were highly satisfied with services, 33% moderately satisfied and 13% dissatisfied. Cronbach's alpha was 0.87; the corrected total-item correlation ranged between 0.55–0.75, with trivial 'floor' score and low 'ceiling' effect. Several domains in all three HRQL tools correlated with items relating to satisfaction. The Seattle Angina Questionnaire Treatment Score correlated significantly with all satisfaction items and with the global satisfaction score. Conclusion: Cardiac patients' demanded better services and advice from, and more time with, health professionals and easier surgery access. The satisfaction tool showed acceptable psychometric properties. In this patient group, disease-specific HRQL tools seem more appropriate than generic tools for surveys of patient satisfaction. Introduction The modern approach to healthcare seeks to engage the attention of both patients and public in developing healthcare services and equity of access, but this is not easy to achieve, requiring time, commitment, political support and cultural change to overcome barriers to change. [1] Improvement in selected aspects of health care delivery through quality assurance and outcome assessment has been driven by political expediency. While this is important, a 'bottom up' assessment of patient satisfaction seems preferable if service improvement is to be translated into improved quality of life. [2,3] Published: 22 October 2003 Health and Quality of Life Outcomes 2003, 1:57 Received: 09 July 2003 Accepted: 22 October 2003 This article is available from: http://www.hqlo. com/content/1/1/57 © 2003 Asadi-Lari et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article: verbatim copying and redistribution of this article are permitted in all media for any purpose, provided this notice is preserved along with the article's original URL.
Single-Injection Percutaneous Peribulbar Anesthesia with a Short Needle as an Alternative to the Double-Injection Technique for Cataract Extraction

BACKGROUND: We evaluated the efficacy of a single-injection technique for percutaneous peribulbar anesthesia with a short needle as an alternative to the double-injection technique for cataract extraction. METHODS: We included 200 patients who underwent elective cataract surgery randomized into 2 equal groups. They received either single-injection peribulbar anesthesia with a 16-mm needle or double-injection peribulbar anesthesia with a 25-mm needle. RESULTS: Both techniques provided comparable akinesia. A similar number of patients in each group required supplementary injection. The total volume of local anesthetic used was less in the single-injection group. There were no serious complications in the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: The single-injection technique for percutaneous peribulbar anesthesia with a short needle is a suitable alternative to the double-injection technique for cataract surgery.
The accounting history research in the ‘Rivista Italiana di Ragioneria’ (Italian Accounting Review), 1901–2015

This study investigates the evolution of accounting history research in Italy throughout the analysis of the historical publications on the most important generalist accounting journal—the ‘Italian Accounting Review’ (IAR, ‘Rivista Italiana di Ragioneria’). Following the studies on the patterns of publications in the accounting history research, we tracked the accounting history contributions in IAR over 115 years, from 1901 to 2015. Our longitudinal analysis included number and subject areas of the tracked contributions. The findings support the consolidated tradition of the historical perspective for the Italian accounting researchers. They also reveal emerging topics and developing fields of historical enquiry that could be addressed in future. We make a call for more research on accounting history in specific contexts, through knowledge creation in diverse languages and settings.
A Method of Correcting Near‐Infrared Spectra for Telluric Absorption

We present a method for correcting near‐infrared medium‐resolution spectra for telluric absorption. The method makes use of a spectrum of an A0 V star, observed near in time and close in air mass to the target object, and a high‐resolution model of Vega, to construct a telluric correction spectrum that is free of stellar absorption features. The technique was designed specifically to perform telluric corrections on spectra obtained with SpeX, a 0.8–5.5 μm medium‐resolution cross‐dispersed spectrograph at the NASA Infrared Telescope Facility, and uses the fact that for medium resolutions there exist spectral regions uncontaminated by atmospheric absorption lines. However, it is also applicable (in a somewhat modified form) to spectra obtained with other near‐infrared spectrographs. An IDL‐based code that carries out the procedures is available for downloading via the World Wide Web.
Using Web Co-occurrence Statistics for Improving Image Categorization

Object recognition and localization are important tasks in computer vision. The focus of this work is the incorporation of contextual information in order to improve object recognition and localization. For instance, it is natural to expect not to see an elephant to appear in the middle of an ocean. We consider a simple approach to encapsulate such common sense knowledge using co-occurrence statistics from web documents. By merely counting the number of times nouns (such as elephants, sharks, oceans, etc.) co-occur in web documents, we obtain a good estimate of expected co-occurrences in visual data. We then cast the problem of combining textual co-occurrence statistics with the predictions of image-based classifiers as an optimization problem. The resulting optimization problem serves as a surrogate for our inference procedure. Albeit the simplicity of the resulting optimization problem, it is effective in improving both recognition and localization accuracy. Concretely, we observe significant improvements in recognition and localization rates for both ImageNet Detection 2012 and Sun 2012 datasets.
Affiliation networks

In the last decade, structural properties of several naturally arising networks (the Internet, social networks, the web graph, etc.) have been studied intensively with a view to understanding their evolution. In recent empirical work, Leskovec, Kleinberg, and Faloutsos identify two new and surprising properties of the evolution of many real-world networks: densification (the ratio of edges to vertices grows over time), and shrinking diameter (the diameter reduces over time to a constant). These properties run counter to conventional wisdom, and are certainly inconsistent with graph models prior to their work. In this paper, we present the first model that provides a simple, realistic, and mathematically tractable generative model that intrinsically explains all the well-known properties of the social networks, as well as densification and shrinking diameter. Our model is based on ideas studied empirically in the social sciences, primarily on the groundbreaking work of Breiger (1973) on bipartite models of social networks that capture the affiliation of agents to societies. We also present algorithms that harness the structural consequences of our model. Specifically, we show how to overcome the bottleneck of densification in computing shortest paths between vertices by producing sparse subgraphs that preserve or approximate shortest distances to all or a distinguished subset of vertices. This is a rare example of an algorithmic benefit derived from a realistic graph model. Finally, our work also presents a modular approach to connecting random graph paradigms (preferential attachment, edge-copying, etc.) to structural consequences (heavy-tailed degree distributions, shrinking diameter, etc.).
Atlas of the clinical genetics of human dilated cardiomyopathy.

AIM Numerous genes are known to cause dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). However, until now technological limitations have hindered elucidation of the contribution of all clinically relevant disease genes to DCM phenotypes in larger cohorts. We now utilized next-generation sequencing to overcome these limitations and screened all DCM disease genes in a large cohort. METHODS AND RESULTS In this multi-centre, multi-national study, we have enrolled 639 patients with sporadic or familial DCM. To all samples, we applied a standardized protocol for ultra-high coverage next-generation sequencing of 84 genes, leading to 99.1% coverage of the target region with at least 50-fold and a mean read depth of 2415. In this well characterized cohort, we find the highest number of known cardiomyopathy mutations in plakophilin-2, myosin-binding protein C-3, and desmoplakin. When we include yet unknown but predicted disease variants, we find titin, plakophilin-2, myosin-binding protein-C 3, desmoplakin, ryanodine receptor 2, desmocollin-2, desmoglein-2, and SCN5A variants among the most commonly mutated genes. The overlap between DCM, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), and channelopathy causing mutations is considerably high. Of note, we find that >38% of patients have compound or combined mutations and 12.8% have three or even more mutations. When comparing patients recruited in the eight participating European countries we find remarkably little differences in mutation frequencies and affected genes. CONCLUSION This is to our knowledge, the first study that comprehensively investigated the genetics of DCM in a large-scale cohort and across a broad gene panel of the known DCM genes. Our results underline the high analytical quality and feasibility of Next-Generation Sequencing in clinical genetic diagnostics and provide a sound database of the genetic causes of DCM.
Perceptions of mental healthcare consumers regarding their conditions

ABSTRACT Distress is experienced, understood and communicated differently across various cultures. The aim of the study was to investigate the role of culture, religion and spirituality in patients’ understanding of and coping with mental problems. A quantitative survey was done at a psychiatric institution. A questionnaire was designed to explore patients’ cultural and religious beliefs about mental illness, and how these beliefs and perceptions influenced their actions in search for recovery. Questionnaires were completed by 94 patients. The majority of participants were Christian (79.8%), followed by African traditionalists (17.0%). Seventy-two per cent believed that faith in God, and 34.4% that help from religious leaders, could contribute to mental wellness. Approximately a third (29.0%) believed that by keeping their ancestors happy, they would be protected from sickness and bad luck. Mental healthcare providers’ sensitivity to cultural and religious beliefs will translate into a more comprehensive management plan, ensuring a satisfying therapeutic relationship.
A Multilevel Analysis of Stigma and Health

This article reviews research on stigma and discrimination—at both the interpersonal and societal levels—faced by disadvantaged groups. Research on interpersonal discrimination primarily concerns discrimination that is perceived and directly experienced (e.g., discrimination in employment and health care), whereas research on societal discrimination focuses on broad societal factors (e.g., institutional policies, social attitudes). We review evidence across numerous fields of study that rely on several types of research designs, which indicate that both forms of stigma and discrimination demonstrably contribute to health inequalities for disadvantaged groups such as racial and ethnic minorities and lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations. These adverse health outcomes range from maladaptive physiological stress responses in a laboratory setting to premature mortality at a population level. The science on stigma and discrimination applies to policy issues in education, same-sex marriage, and health care delivery. Some current policies increase the experience of stigma. We argue that more holistic social policies can recognize the psychosocial factors that contribute to well-being, thereby reducing social inequalities in health.
Parent Training Interventions for Toddlers with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Background. Now that early identification of toddlers with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is possible, efforts are being made to develop interventions for children under three years of age. Most studies on early intervention have focused on intensive and individual interventions. However, parent training interventions that help parents interact and communicate with their toddlers with ASD might be a good alternative to promote the development of their child's sociocommunicative skills. Objective. This review aims to systematically examine (1) the use of parent training interventions for children with ASD under three years of age and (2) their effects on children's development, parents' well-being and parent-child interactions. Methods. Systematic searches were conducted to retrieve studies in which at least one parent was trained to implement ASD-specific techniques with their toddlers (0–36 months old) with a diagnosis of or suspected ASD. Results. Fifteen studies, involving 484 children (mean age: 23.26 months), were included in this review. Only two of them met criteria for conclusive evidence. Results show that parents were able to implement newly learned strategies and were generally very satisfied with parent training programs. However, findings pertaining to the children's communication and socioemotional skills, parent-child interactions, and parental well-being were inconclusive.
Delineating the mTOR Kinase Pathway Using a Dual TORC1/2 Inhibitor, AZD8055, in Multiple Myeloma

Despite promising preclinical results with mTOR kinase inhibitors in multiple myeloma, resistance to these drugs may arise via feedback activation loops. This concern is especially true for insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), because IGF1R signaling is downregulated by multiple AKT and mTOR feedback mechanisms. We have tested this hypothesis in multiple myeloma using the novel selective mTOR kinase inhibitor AZD8055. We evaluated p-mTOR S2481 as the readout for mTORC2/Akt activity in multiple myeloma cells in the context of mTOR inhibition via AZD8055 or rapamycin. We next validated AZD8055 inhibition of mTORC1 and mTORC2 functions in multiple myeloma cells alone or in culture with bone marrow stroma cells and growth factors. Unlike rapamycin, AZD8055 resulted in apoptosis of multiple myeloma cells. AZD8055 treatment, however, induced upregulation of IGF1R phosphorylation in p-Akt S473–expressing multiple myeloma cell lines. Furthermore, exposure of AZD8055-treated cells to IGF1 induced p-Akt S473 and rescued multiple myeloma cells from apoptosis despite mTOR kinase inhibition and TORC2/Akt blockage. The addition of blocking IGF1R antibody resulted in reversing this effect and increased AZD8055-induced apoptosis. Our study suggests that combination treatment with AZD8055 and IGF1R-blocking agents is a promising strategy in multiple myeloma with potential IGF1R/Akt signaling–mediated survival. Mol Cancer Ther; 13(11); 2489–500. ©2014 AACR.
Suppression (but Not Reappraisal) Impairs Subsequent Error Detection: An ERP Study of Emotion Regulation's Resource-Depleting Effect

Past event-related potentials (ERPs) research shows that, after exerting effortful emotion inhibition, the neural correlates of performance monitoring (e.g. error-related negativity) were weakened. An undetermined issue is whether all forms of emotion regulation uniformly impair later performance monitoring. The present study compared the cognitive consequences of two emotion regulation strategies, namely suppression and reappraisal. Participants were instructed to suppress their emotions while watching a sad movie, or to adopt a neutral and objective attitude toward the movie, or to just watch the movie carefully. Then after a mood scale, all participants completed an ostensibly unrelated Stroop task, during which ERPs (i.e. error-related negativity (ERN), post-error positivity (Pe) and N450) were obtained. Reappraisal group successfully decreased their sad emotion, relative to the other two groups. Compared with participants in the control group and the reappraisal group, those who suppressed their emotions during the sad movie showed reduced ERN after error commission. Participants in the suppression group also made more errors in incongruent Stroop trials than the other two groups. There were no significant main effects or interactions of group for reaction time, Pe and N450. Results suggest that reappraisal is both more effective and less resource-depleting than suppression.
Intimate partner violence against women, health effects and health care seeking in rural Vietnam.

BACKGROUND Health effects and health care seeking were investigated among women in rural Vietnam exposed to physical and/or sexual violence from their partner in the past year. The study was conducted within the framework of the demographic surveillance site in Bavi District, Ha Tay Province in northern Vietnam. METHODS Face-to-face interviews based on a questionnaire developed by the WHO for use in violence research were conducted with 883 randomly selected women. Past-year violence and health effects were investigated in bi and multivariate analyses. RESULTS The prevalence of past-year physical and/or sexual violence was 9.2% (n = 81). Women exposed to violence ran a considerably elevated risk of memory loss (OR 3.7; 1.8-7.5), pain or discomfort (OR 3.8; 2.3-6.3), sadness or depression (OR 4.5; 2.7-7.5) and having suicidal thoughts (OR 2.8; 1.04-7.3) compared with those with no violence experience in the past year, when adjusted for socio-demographic factors. Almost 50% (n = 40) of the women exposed to violence reported injuries and, of those, 58% had to seek health care. CONCLUSIONS Physical and/or sexual violence are common occurrences in Vietnam, associated with pain, injuries and mental health problems in exposed women. These results point to the need for a reliable health surveillance system, along with health care and support activities for victimised women, and policy initiatives to prevent this violence.
Security Holes . . . Who Cares?

We report on an observational study of user response following the OpenSSL remote buffer overflows of July 2002 and the worm that exploited it in September 2002. Immediately after the publication of the bug and its subsequent fix we identified a set of vulnerable servers. In the weeks that followed we regularly probed each server to determine whether its administrator had applied one of the relevant fixes. We report two primary results. First, we find that administrators are generally very slow to apply the fixes. Two weeks after the bug announcement, more than two thirds of the servers were still vulnerable. Second, we identify several weak predictors of user response and find that the pattern differs in the period following the release of the bug and that following the release of the worm.