Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessing the functional structure of genomic data

Motivation: The availability of genome-scale data has enabled an abundance of novel analysis techniques for investigating a variety of systems-level biological relationships. As thousands of such datasets become available, they provide an opportunity to study high-level associations between cellular pathways and processes. This also allows the exploration of shared functional enrichments between diverse biological datasets, and it serves to direct experimenters to areas of low data coverage or with high probability of new discoveries. Results: We analyze the functional structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae datasets from over 950 publications in the context of over 140 biological processes. This includes a coverage analysis of biological processes given current high-throughput data, a data-driven map of associations between processes, and a measure of similar functional activity between genome-scale datasets. This uncovers subtle gene expression similarities in three otherwise disparate microarray datasets due to a shared strain background. We also provide several means of predicting areas of yeast biology likely to benefit from additional high-throughput experimental screens. Availability: Predictions are provided in supplementary tables; software and additional data are available from the authors by request. Contact: ogt@princeton.edu Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
Implicit or Unconscious?: Commentary on Paper by the Boston Change Process Study Group

This commentary examines a very fundamental aspect of human psychology: the nature of unconscious knowledge and the process of self-reflection. However the term implicit is associated in cognitive science with unconscious procedural knowledge (of motor acts) rather than unconscious meaning, which is the business of psychoanalysis. Further, the Boston Change Process Study Group authors do not compare or contrast their ideas to analogous concepts within psychoanalytic theory such as Freud's concept of the preconscious, which was descriptive of a reflective verbal domain.
Faculty-to-Faculty Mentoring in the Community College: An Instructional Component of Faculty Development

The effects of faculty-to-faculty mentoring on teaching and learning in the community college have yet to be scientifically determined. This lack of research, however, should not prevent the implementation of mentoring programs. The reported mutual benefits of faculty-to-faculty mentoring outweigh the risks. Moreover, the monetary costs are minimal if mentoring is a component of a comprehensive faculty development program (orientation, workshops, and in-service training) to improve instruction and learning. This paper's purpose is to discuss the concept and definition of mentoring, review the theoretical bases of mentoring, and review the research on mentoring in higher education. It relates the teaching and learning environment in the community college to mentoring, recommends implementing faculty-to-faculty mentoring programs in the community college, and offers suggestions for doing so. This discussion's purpose is to explore the issue of whether to incorporate mentoring into faculty development programs and to motivate institutions to convey their experiences with mentoring to the community college society.
Construct and Predictive Validity of the California Entry Level Test

The Entry Level Test (ELT) (California State Department of Education, 1974) is administered to all first grade pupils in California as part of the state assessment program. ELT means are used with demographic variables to predict differences among schools and districts on subsequent reading achievement tests. Factor analyses based on a one-percent random sample of all first grade children (n = 3010) resulted in distinct factors for each of the subtests, Immediate Recall, Letter Recognition, Auditory Discrimination, Visual Discrimination, and Language Development. Two ethnic group factors were also identified that shared no substantial loadings with any of the test variables. Evidence of convergent validity for the ELT subtests was obtamed from multitrait-multimethod matrices with four other prereading and reading tests. Discriminant validity was weak for all subtests except Auditory Discrimination because of the extreme easiness of the ELT. Simple correlations between the ELT and the Reading Test Second and Third Grades (California State Department of Education, 1976a) at the school and district levels were on the order of 80. When combined with other background factors such as an index of pupil socio-economic status (SES) in multiple regression analyses 70% of the variance in means was explained The validity of the ELT was very high for its intended predictive purpose, especially when one considers that it is a very short and easy test
A semi-empirical study of the mass distribution of horizontal branch stars in M 3 (NGC 5272)

Aims. Horizontal branch (HB) stars in globular clusters offer us a probe of the mass loss mechanisms taking place in red giants. For M3 (NGC 5272), in particular, different shapes for the HB mass distribution have been suggested in the literature, including Gaussian and sharply bimodal alternatives. In the present paper, we study the mass distribution of HB stars in M3 by comparing evolutionary tracks for a suitable chemical composition and photometric observations. Methods. Our approach is thus of a semi-empirical nature, describing as it does the mass distribution that is favored from the stan dpoint of canonical stellar evolutionary predictions for th e distribution of stars across the color-magnitude diagram. More specifically, we locate, for each individual HB star in M3, the evolutionary track whose distance from the star’s observed color and mag nitude is a minimum. We carry out artificial tests that reveal that our m ethod would be able to detect a bimodal mass distribution resembling the one previously suggested in the literature, if present. We also study the impact of different procedures for taking into account the evolutionary speed, and conclude that they have but a small effect upon the inferred mass distribution. Results. We find that a Gaussian shape, though providing a reasonable fi rst approximation, fails to account for the detailed shape o f M3’s HB mass distribution. Indeed, the latter may have skewn ess and kurtosis that deviate slightly from a perfectly Gaus sian solution. Alternatively, the excess of stars towards the wings of the distribution may also be accounted for in terms of a bimodal distribution in which both the low- and the high-mass modes are normal, the former being significantly wider than the latter. Conclusions. However, we also show that the inferred distribution of evolutionary times is inconsistent with theoretical expectati ons. This result is confirmed on the basis of three independent set s of HB models, suggesting that the latter underestimate the effects of evolution away from the zero-age HB, and warning against considering our inferred mass distribution as definitive.
The sensory-motor theory of semantics: Evidence from functional imaging

Abstract This review discusses the contributions of functional imaging (fMRI/PET) to our understanding of how semantic concepts are represented and processed in the human brain. The sensory-motor theory of semantic memory suggests that semantic processing relies on reactivation of sensory-motor representations that were involved in perception and action. More specifically, it attributes an apparent category-specific (e.g. tool vs. animals) organization of semantics to anatomical segregation for different semantic features (e.g. action vs. visual). Within this framework, we will review functional imaging evidence that semantic processing of tools and actions may rely on activations within the visuo-motor system.
Pregnancy outcome after multifetal pregnancy reduction

Objective: To study the effects of multifetal pregnancy reduction (MFPR) as a means to reduce the adverse outcome of multiple gestations. Methods: This was a retrospective study evaluating the outcome of 334 multiple pregnancies after embryo reduction. Results: In 313 multiple pregnancies in which MFPR was performed before 15 weeks, the rates of miscarriage, preterm delivery < 33 weeks, preterm delivery < 36 weeks and total fetal loss were 9.12%, 13.33%, 38.60% and 16.25%, respectively, and median gestational age at delivery was 35 weeks. There was a significant correlation between miscarriage and the finishing number of fetuses. In 185 triplets reduced to twins, miscarriage, preterm delivery < 33 weeks, preterm delivery < 36 weeks and total fetal loss occurred in 8.25%, 11.18%, 40.59% and 15.41% of cases, respectively, and median gestational age at delivery was 36 weeks. In the subgroup of 32 reduced triplet pregnancies that also had second-trimester amniocentesis, the risk of miscarriage (3.13%) was not significantly different from that in the rest of the group. Among 21 twin pregnancies that had selective termination at or after 15 weeks, the risk of preterm delivery < 33 weeks was three times higher than in the group of 22 twin pregnancies with first-trimester procedures. Conclusion: MFPR resulted in at least one live neonate in 83.75% of cases and was effective in reducing the risks of pregnancy loss and severe prematurity in quadruplets and higher-order pregnancies. The risk of miscarriage increased with increasing finishing number of fetuses. In reduced triplets gestation was prolonged in comparison with average figures reported in the literature. In twin pregnancies selective termination in the first trimester carries a lower risk of severe preterm delivery and this emphasizes the need for first-trimester diagnosis.
Reproductive characteristics of Liza parsia (Ham.) inhabiting southwest coast of Bangladesh

In order to determine the reproductive characteristics of Liza parsia, a fish of commercial importance, the GSI, egg diameter, sex ratio and fecundity were examined in 331 specimens caught monthly for a period of ten months from September 2006 to June 2007. According to the GSI and egg diameter, the reproduction period of Liza parsia was determined to be in November to March with two peaks in the months of December and February. The maximum GSI values obtained for male and female were 1.49 and 14.71 respectively in the month of February. In December, the gonadosomatic index decreased in female (13.5) and in male (1.4). The average egg diameter of Liza parsia ranged from 0.35 to 0.50 mm. The sex ratio (Male:Female) of the investigated fish was1:1.21. Fecundity of the fish ranged from 18,950 to 1,71,210 during the period of study. Linear relationships between fecundity and total-length, bodyweight, gonad-length and gonad-weight were found and fecundity was more related to the ovary length (r=0.8172) and ovary weight (r=0.8552) than the fish length (r=0.7538) and fish weight (r=0.7592).
A Marriage Made in Hell: Early Intervention Meets Child Protection

In this article, we will argue for the moral legitimacy of support and its difference from intervention and the need to engage with and develop a family support project for the twenty-first century. We call for a debate on the current settlement between the state and family life and for a recognition that a perfect storm has ensued from the unholy alliance of early intervention and child protection. We will argue for a project that celebrates families’ strengths as well as their vulnerabilities in the context of considerable adversities and (re) locates workers as agents of hope and support. We draw from a diverse set of literatures and disciplines to locate our arguments within a broader project occasioned by the economic crisis and questioning of the verities of neoliberalism.
Putting God in Place! Religious continuities and mutations in classic and diasporic communities

Sociologists of religion have often focused on spiritual experiences within religious or quasi-religious organizations, which obscures possible traces of individual, collective religious and/or spiritual experiences, expressions and encounters in secular terrains and other perceptibly non-religious settings. Also less probed is whether, how and to what extent individuals consider such experiences and expressions to have an impact on their overall religious/spiritual perspectives and life encounters, or in fact what functions they perform. The author provides some critical reflections on Wendy Cadge’s and Deirdre Meintel’s articles in the present issue, interrogating how and to what extent they chart new empirical pathways and direct interest towards the sociology of religion and spirituality in workplaces in an era of increasing individualization in Euro-American societies and in non-Western contexts.
Epistemological beliefs as predictors of self-regulated learning strategies in middle school students

This study examines the contribution of epistemological beliefs to middle school students’ reported use of self-regulated learning strategies. One hundred and sixty 8th and 9th graders from three public middle schools participated in the study. Gender was about equally represented in the sample (89 girls, 71 boys). During the group examination phase, the participants were asked to complete a Greek version of Epistemological Beliefs Questionnaire (EBQ), based on Schommer-Aikins, Mau, Brookhart and Hutter’s (2000) middle school version of EBQ. During the individual examination phase, they were interviewed using the Self-Regulated Learning Interview Schedule (SRLIS). Epistemological beliefs about the speed of learning and the ability to learn significantly predicted the reported use of cognitive as well as motivational regulation strategies. The educational implications of the results are discussed in relation to cultural influences on the formation of epistemological beliefs.
Genome organization of the killer plasmid pGK12 from Kluyveromyces lactis

We have determined the entire sequence of the plasmid K2 from Kluyveromyces lactis which is involved in the maintenance of both killer plasmids in the cell. K2 shares many of the characteristics of the smaller killer plasmid K1: high A+T content (74.7%) and very compact genomic organization. K2 contains ten open reading frames. Some of them overlap on different strands and some on the same strand. Northern blotting of K2 transcripts shows that at least eight ORFs are transcribed. Analysis of the predicted aminoacid sequence of ORF2 from K2 reveals homology with the aminoacid sequence of ORF 1 from K1 and with several viral DNA polymerases. The sequence of K2 from Saccaromyces cerevisiae F102-2 was also determined. Only one nucleotide difference was found between the K2 sequence from the two yeasts. This mutation does not change the genome organization of the plasmid and has only minimal effect on the structure of the encoded proteins.
American Attitudes toward Guest Worker Policies

In this study we use data from a 2004 New York Times/CBS News national survey to analyze public opinion toward a guest worker program and to compare predictors of support for guest worker and general immigration policies. In general, Americans tend to be divided in their attitudes toward a guest worker program, although support for temporary worker policies is stronger when legalization for unauthorized immigrants is conditioned on certain requirements, and when the program is coupled with enhanced border security. The results of the bivariate probit analysis indicate that individuals who favor reducing the immigration level also tend to oppose instituting a guest worker program. Perceptions of the “costs” of immigration emerged as the most important determinant of individuals' attitudes toward immigration policies; such beliefs contributed to opposition to a guest worker policy and support for reducing the immigration level. We also found that residents of high-immigration states and Latinos were more likely to support a temporary worker program. However, these characteristics do not appear to influence individuals' judgments about the number of immigrants who should be admitted to the United States. Findings regarding the impact of political partisanship and ideology on attitudes toward the two policies were more ambiguous.
Emotional Responses During Social Information Seeking on Facebook

Based on existing research on social networking and information seeking, it was proposed that Facebook.com use could be conceptualized as serving two primary goals: passive social browsing (i.e., newsfeeds) and extractive social searching (i.e., friends' profiles). This study explored whether these categories adequately reflect Facebook use and whether they moderate physiological indicators of emotion. Thirty-six participants navigated Facebook.com while their on-screen activity and physiological responses associated with motivation and emotion were recorded. Results showed that the majority of screens encountered during Facebook use could be categorized as devoted to social browsing or social searching. Participants spent more time on social browsing than they spent on social searching. Skin-conductance data indicated that sympathetic activation diminished during the course of both social browsing and social searching. Facial EMG data indicated that participants experienced more pleasantness during the course of social searching than they experienced during social browsing. These results are discussed in terms of existing social-networking research and an evaluative space model of emotion.
Validation and Use of the Animal Thematic Apperception Test (ATAT)

AbstractThere are several contexts in which it is desirable to know how individuals perceive animals. However, most people describe these feelings with little precision. Several scales are useful for assessing attitudes toward individual animals of people who currently own or have owned pets. These usually include items about the role of the pet in the family, habitual means of interacting with the pet, and so on. The Animal Thematic Apperception Test (ATAT) was designed to assess attitudes toward animals independent of pet-ownership status by means of semantic differential scale ratings of line drawings. Preliminary evaluation of this test was completed on a sample of 68 white undergraduate students. The current study was designed to examine further the validity and reliability of the scale and the effect of the presence of animals in various scenes on individuals' perceptions of both the scenes and the people in them. Students (N=213) examined three separate scenes, two with and one without animals, and.
Comparison of Vacuum Arc Behaviors Between Axial-Magnetic-Field Contacts

We compared vacuum arc behaviors of three slot-type axial-magnetic-field (AMF) contacts at two fixed contact gaps using high-speed digital photography and arc-voltage measurements. Solid angle is subtended by anode at the center of cathode or the ratio of the anode diameter to the gap length (D/g). With coupled influence of the AMF, we observed that with the D/g ratio 48 mm/14 mm, the arc kept in low current modes until higher current compared with the D/g ratio 48 mm/8 mm case. With the D/g ratio 58 mm/14 mm, the arc-mode transitions with the increase of current were similar as the D/g ratio 58 mm/8 mm case. However, with the D/g ratio 66 mm/14 mm, the arc became high current modes at lower current compared with the D/g ratio 66 mm/8 mm case. Correspondingly, with the D/g ratio 48 mm/14 mm, arc voltages at current peaks were close to the D/g ratio 48 mm/8 mm case, whereas arc voltages at current peaks with the D/g ratio 58 mm/14 mm were close to that of the 58 mm/8 mm case. However, with a contact diameter of 66 mm, the arc voltages with the D/g ratio 66 mm/14 mm were higher than the 66 mm/8 mm case. The arcs with the D/g ratio 66 mm/8 mm were more diffuse than the 48 mm/8 mm case. Moreover, the arcs with the D/g ratio 66 mm/14 mm were also more diffuse than the 48 mm/14 mm case when the current peak was 17.8 kA and above. The relationship between interrupting capacity of vacuum interrupters with the slot-type AMF contacts could be expressed as I=ktimes(D/g)+b, where k and b are constants.
Predictive Factors for Intracerebral Hemorrhage in Patients with Cavernous Angiomas

Abstract Objectives: Prediction of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in patients with cavernous angiomas is not totally elucidated. The aims of our study were to determine the rate of cerebral hemorrhage, its associated factors, and the clinical outcome in patients with cavernous angiomas in a Hispanic population. Methods: We studied 133 patients with cavernous angiomas. The patients were classified into two groups depending on whether they presented an ICH. A comparative analysis of demographics and clinical data, neuroimaging characteristics, and prognosis was carried out in patients with and without hemorrhage. The hemorrhage rate (expressed as the percentage per patient per year) was also estimated. Results: Seventy–eight patients (59%) had hemorrhage. Non–lobar location of angiomas was associated with hemorrhage [OR 4.82 (CI 95% 2.17–10.73; p=<0.001)]. In contrast, factors associated with a decreased risk of hemorrhage were a family history of epilepsy [OR 0.30 (CI 95% 0.10–0.79; p=0.016)] and lobar location of the angiomas [OR 0.21 (CI 95% 0.09–0.46; p=<0.001)]. The hemorrhagic rate of 1.71% per patient per year was influenced by the location. It was only 1.22% per patient per year in lobar angiomas and 2.33, 2.39, and 2.82% per patient per year for brainstem, cerebellum, and deep hemispheric angiomas, respectively. Conclusions: The non–lobar location of cavernous angiomas gives a higher risk of hemorrhage in our Mexican mestizo population, without the hemorrhage being related to either age or sex.
Evaluation of Autonomic Dysfunction in Parkinson Disease by Cardiovascular Autonomic Indexes

Background: Cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction is one of the most frequent non-motor symptoms in idiopathic Parkinson disease (IPD). Several cardiovascular autonomic indexes (CAIs) have been reported to represent the degree of autonomic dysfunction in various neurodegenerative diseases. However, quantitative assessment by autonomic function tests in IPD has not been fully evaluated yet. The aim of this study is to investigate the usefulness of the quantitative autonomic test for detecting subclinical cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction and their correlation to the clinical severity of motor symptoms in IPD. Methods: Four parasympathetic and sympathetic indexes during cardiovascular autonomic tests were compared between patients with IPD (n=31, age=65.8±9.14, Hoen&Yahr (H&Y) stage=2.1±0.68) and age matched healthy controls (n=30, age=63.2±7.56). Parasympathetic indexes include expiration:inspiration ratio (E:I ratio), valsalva ratio, 30:15 ratio, and vagal barosensitivity. Sympathetic indexes are pressure recovery time, sympathetic index 1, sympathetic index 3 and adrenergic baroseneitivity. To demonstrate the correlation between severity of clinical motor symptoms and the autonomic abnormality, we also compared the H&Y stage and the abnormalities of those CAIs. Results: E:I ratio (p=0.009) and Valsalva ratio (VR) (p<0.001) were significantly different between IPD and control groups. Among the parameters, E:I ratio (r=-0.466, p=0.005) showed significant negative correlation with severity of clinical motor symptoms in IPD (H&Y≤3). Conclusions: Among the CAIs, E:I ratio, VR are useful in detecting subclinical autonomic cardiovascular dysfunction in IPD. E:I ratio may be the possible evaluation method revealing the severity of clinical motor symptoms in IPD. J Korean Neurol Assoc 33(4):282-287, 2015