Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Beyond the ‘All Seeing Eye’: Filipino Migrant Domestic Workers’ Contestation of Care and Control in Hong Kong

ABSTRACT This paper draws on ethnographic data about Filipino migrant domestic workers’ perceptions of and responses to the use of surveillance cameras in the home to intervene in recent debates about surveillance, care and social control. On the one hand, our participants disclose what we refer to as the gendered ironies of care and control. Digital surveillance practices in the home not only produce tactics for evading control but also reduce the capacity of migrant workers to deliver the best possible care that is ostensibly the basis for the deployment of new forms of watching. On the other hand, the responses we document here speak to critiques of the Foucauldian vision of surveillance derived from the panopticon that are ‘abstract, disembodied and distrustful’. In contrast to the Benthamite reading of God’s all seeing eye, Filipino migrant workers invoke a relational vision which speaks to connectedness, trust and the possibility of mutual concern. While the use of covert surveillance cameras especially was perceived as undermining the trust necessary for care relationships, some respondents used the devices to provoke face to face encounters deemed necessary to re-establish relations of trust.
Direct and inverse inequalities for the isotropic Lamé system with variable coefficients and applications to an inverse source problem

In the linear theory of elasticity we consider a bounded, compressible, and isotropic body whose mechanical behavior is described by the Lamé system with density and Lamé coefficients depending on the space variables. Assuming null surface displacement on the whole boundary, we first prove an estimate of the surface traction in terms of the energy of the solution and the body force. Then, under suitable restrictions on the density and the Lamé coefficients, we show that, in the absence of body forces, the elastic energy can be controlled by the surface traction exerted on a suitable sub-boundary provided that the final observability time is sufficiently large. The latter condition is related with the density, the Lamé coefficients, and the geometry of the body. These inequalities are applied to an inverse source problem for the Lamé system. §
Overview of Reservoir Recipes

Echo State Networks (ESNs) and Liquid State Machines (LSMs) introduced a simple new paradigm in artificial recurrent neural network (RNN) training, where an RNN (the reservoir) is generated randomly and only a readout is trained. The paradigm, becoming known as reservoir computing, made RNNs accessible for practical applications as never before and outperformed classical fully trained RNNs in many tasks. The latter, however, does not imply that random reservoirs are optimal, but rather that adequate training methods for them are yet to be developed. Thus much of the current research in reservoir computing is done on reservoir adaptation, redefining the paradigm as using different methods for training the reservoir and the readout. This report motivates the new definition of the paradigm and surveys the reservoir generation/adaptation techniques, offering a natural conceptual classification which transcends boundaries of the current "brand-names" of reservoir methods. The survey focuses more on methods relevant to practical applications of RNNs rather than modeling biological brains.
Viscosity methods giving uniqueness for martingale problems

Let E be a complete, separable metric space and A be an operator on Cb(E). We give an abstract denition of viscosity sub/supersolution of the resolvent equation u Au = h and show that, if the comparison principle holds, then the martingale problem for A has a unique solution. Our proofs work also under two alternative denitions
Learning shape correspondence with anisotropic convolutional neural networks

Establishing correspondence between shapes is a fundamental problem in geometry processing, arising in a wide variety of applications. The problem is especially difficult in the setting of non-isometric deformations, as well as in the presence of topological noise and missing parts, mainly due to the limited capability to model such deformations axiomatically. Several recent works showed that invariance to complex shape transformations can be learned from examples. In this paper, we introduce an intrinsic convolutional neural network architecture based on anisotropic diffusion kernels, which we term Anisotropic Convolutional Neural Network (ACNN). In our construction, we generalize convolutions to non-Euclidean domains by constructing a set of oriented anisotropic diffusion kernels, creating in this way a local intrinsic polar representation of the data (`patch'), which is then correlated with a filter. Several cascades of such filters, linear, and non-linear operators are stacked to form a deep neural network whose parameters are learned by minimizing a task-specific cost. We use ACNNs to effectively learn intrinsic dense correspondences between deformable shapes in very challenging settings, achieving state-of-the-art results on some of the most difficult recent correspondence benchmarks.
Bias against Latina and African American women job applicants: a field experiment

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine bias among White raters against racial minority women seeking employment in fitness organizations. Design/methodology/approach The authors conducted a 2 (applicant perceived racial identity) × 2 (applicant race) × 2 (hiring directive) factorial design experiment, with participant rater gender serving as the within-subjects variable. Adults in the USA (n=238) who had or were currently working in the fitness industry participated in the study. Findings Results indicate that applicant presumed racial identity and rater gender had direct effects, while applicant presumed racial identity, applicant race and rater gender had interactive effects, as well. Originality/value Results show that perceived racial identity affects raters’ view of job applicants, and the pattern of findings varies among racial groups.
Brain structural correlates of sensory phenomena in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder.

BACKGROUND Sensory phenomena (SP) are uncomfortable feelings, including bodily sensations, sense of inner tension, "just-right" perceptions, feelings of incompleteness, or "urge-only" phenomena, which have been described to precede, trigger or accompany repetitive behaviours in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Sensory phenomena are also observed in individuals with tic disorders, and previous research suggests that sensorimotor cortex abnormalities underpin the presence of SP in such patients. However, to our knowledge, no studies have assessed the neural correlates of SP in patients with OCD. METHODS We assessed the presence of SP using the University of São Paulo Sensory Phenomena Scale in patients with OCD and healthy controls from specialized units in São Paulo, Brazil, and Barcelona, Spain. All participants underwent a structural magnetic resonance examination, and brain images were examined using DARTEL voxel-based morphometry. We evaluated grey matter volume differences between patients with and without SP and healthy controls within the sensorimotor and premotor cortices. RESULTS We included 106 patients with OCD and 87 controls in our study. Patients with SP (67% of the sample) showed grey matter volume increases in the left sensorimotor cortex in comparison to patients without SP and bilateral sensorimotor cortex grey matter volume increases in comparison to controls. No differences were observed between patients without SP and controls. LIMITATIONS Most patients were medicated. Participant recruitment and image acquisition were performed in 2 different centres. CONCLUSION We have identified a structural correlate of SP in patients with OCD involving grey matter volume increases within the sensorimotor cortex; this finding is in agreement with those of tic disorder studies showing that abnormal activity and volume increases within this region are associated with the urges preceding tic onset.
Effects of including versus excluding nonparticipants as potential nominees in peer nomination measures

In peer nomination research, individuals who do not provide nominations (nonparticipants) are often included on rosters as potential nominees. This can present ethical questions regarding informed consent, but psychometric consequences of excluding nonparticipants from rosters are unknown. In this investigation, Study 1 simulated both random and systematic missingness with a sample of 1,630 Dutch adolescents, comparing the reliability and correlation matrices of nomination measures when nonparticipants were included and excluded as nominees. Study 2 began with a two-school sample that already included systematic nonparticipation (≈19% missingness among 599 7th grade nominees) and examined how findings would differ if students who had not provided nominations were excluded as nominees. Results showed that the impact of including versus excluding nonparticipants as nominees may vary depending on the type of missingness (Study 1) or in different peer groups (Study 2). Both studies demonstrated that the choice of including versus excluding nonparticipants can affect reliability and intercorrelations in peer nomination data, and provide some evidence that excluding nonparticipants as nominees may compromise peer nomination data quality.
Gigahertz Ultrasonic Interferometry at High PT : New Tools for a Thermodynamic Equation of State ( EoS )

A new method of generating shear waves with near-optical wavelength has been developed for GHz-ultrasonic interferometry (GUI). The new acoustic technique features a P-to-S conversion upon reflection inside an MgO buffer rod, and is first used to determine the full set of ambient P-T elastic constants (cij) for magnesiowüstite-(Mg,Fe)O. In other developments, P-wave travel times have been made in olivine to 250 oC at ~2.5 GPa in a resistance-heated ultrasonic diamond anvil cell (DAC), demonstrating that acoustic coupling can be maintained at high temperature in a hydrostatic (alcohol) pressure medium. The new GUI tools bring us closer to obtaining a complete travel-time equation of state.
The H2O Southern Galactic Plane Survey: NH3 (1,1) and (2,2) catalogues

The H₂O Southern Galactic Plane Survey (HOPS) has mapped a 100 degrees strip of the Galactic plane (-70° > l > 30°, |b| 10⁴cm⁻³). In this paper, we present the NH₃ (1,1) and (2,2) data, which have a resolution of 2 arcmin and cover a velocity range of ± 200 km s⁻¹. The median sensitivity of the NH₃ data cubes is σT(mb) =0.20 ± 0.06 K. For the (1,1) transition, this sensitivity equates to a 3.2 kpc distance limit for detecting a 20 K, 400 M⊙ cloud at the 5σ level. Similar clouds of mass 5000 M⊙ would be detected as far as the Galactic Centre, while 30000 M⊙ clouds would be seen across the Galaxy. We have developed an automatic emission finding procedure based on the Australian Telescope National Facility (ATNF) duchamp software and have used it to create a new catalogue of 669 dense molecular clouds. The catalogue is 100 per cent complete at the 5s detection limit (T(mb) = 1.0 K). A preliminary analysis of the ensemble cloud properties suggests that the near-kinematic distances are favoured. The cloud positions are consistent with current models of the Galaxy containing a long bar. Combined with other Galactic plane surveys this new molecular-line data set constitutes a key tool for examining Galactic structure and evolution. Data cubes, spectra and catalogues are available to the community via the HOPS website.
How natural and anthropogenic influences alter global and regional surface temperatures: 1889 to 2006

To distinguish between simultaneous natural and anthropogenic impacts on surface temperature, regionally as well as globally, we perform a robust multivariate analysis using the best available estimates of each together with the observed surface temperature record from 1889 to 2006. The results enable us to compare, for the first time from observations, the geographical distributions of responses to individual influences consistent with their global impacts. We find a response to solar forcing quite different from that reported in several papers published recently in this journal, and zonally averaged responses to both natural and anthropogenic forcings that differ distinctly from those indicated by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, whose conclusions depended on model simulations. Anthropogenic warming estimated directly from the historical observations is more pronounced between 45°S and 50°N than at higher latitudes whereas the model‐simulated trends have minimum values in the tropics and increase steadily from 30 to 70°N.
Wikinomics and its discontents: a critical analysis of Web 2.0 business manifestos

'Collaborative culture', 'mass creativity' and 'co-creation' appear to be contagious buzzwords that are rapidly infecting economic and cultural discourse on Web 2.0. Allegedly, peer production models will replace opaque, top-down business models, yielding to transparent, democratic structures where power is in the shared hands of responsible companies and skilled, qualified users. Manifestos such as Wikinomics (Tapscott and Williams, 2006) and 'We-Think' (Leadbeater, 2007) argue collective culture to be the basis for digital commerce. This article analyzes the assumptions behind this Web 2.0 newspeak and unravels how business gurus try to argue the universal benefits of a democratized and collectivist digital space. They implicitly endorse a notion of public collectivism that functions entirely inside commodity culture. The logic of Wikinomics and 'We-Think' urgently begs for deconstruction, especially since it is increasingly steering mainstream cultural theory on digital culture.
What Works in Migrant Education?: A Review of Evidence and Policy Options

Education plays an essential role in preparing the children of immigrants for participation in the labour market and society. Giving these children opportunities to fully develop their potential is vital for future economic growth and social cohesion in OECD countries. But migrant students in most OECD countries tend to have lower education outcomes than their native peers. Extensive previous research has described the system level, school level and individual level factors that influence the education outcomes of migrant students. Building on such previous research, this paper looks at the ways in which education policies can influence these factors to help provide better educational opportunities for migrant students. L’education joue un role crucial dans la preparation des enfants d’immigrants au monde du travail et a la vie sociale. Donner a ces enfants l’opportunite de developper pleinement leur potentiel est une necessite pour assurer la croissance economique future et la cohesion sociale dans les pays de l’OCDE. Cependant, les resultats scolaires des etudiants migrants sont en moyenne plus faibles que ceux des natifs dans la plupart des pays de l’OCDE. De nombreux travaux de recherche ont decrit les facteurs influencant la performance des migrants, au niveau du systeme d’education dans son ensemble, comme au niveau de chaque ecole et de chaque individu en particulier. En s’appuyant sur les resultats de la recherche existante, ce papier etudie comment les politiques d’education peuvent a leur tour influencer ces facteurs, afin de donner aux etudiants migrants les meilleures opportunites.
Cautiousness in the Small and in the Large

In this paper we propose a new downside risk aversion measure, which is called cautiousness in the literature. Using a simple portfolio problem with a risk-free bond, a stock, and an option on the stock, we show that, an agent has higher cautiousness (i) if and only if she is always more likely to buy the option, (ii) if and only if she always demands more options per share. As an option's payoff is a convex function of the underlying stock price, increasing positions in the option increases the convexity of a portfolio's payoff and results in a strong increase in skewness which is defined by Van Zwet (Van Zwet, W. R. (1964). Convex Transformations of Random Variables, Mathematical Centre Tracts 7, Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam) and Chiu (Chiu, W. H. (2005). Skewness Preference, Risk Aversion, and the Precedence Relations on Stochastic Changes, Management Science 12, 1816-1828).
The Coiled-Coil Domain of EHD2 Mediates Inhibition of LeEix2 Endocytosis and Signaling

Endocytosis has been suggested to be crucial for the induction of plant immunity in several cases. We have previously shown that two Arabidopsis proteins, AtEHD1 and AtEHD2, are involved in endocytosis in plant systems. AtEHD2 has an inhibitory effect on endocytosis of transferrin, FM-4-64, and LeEix2. There are many works in mammalian systems detailing the importance of the various domains in EHDs but, to date, the domains of plant EHD2 that are required for its inhibitory activity on endocytosis remained unknown. In this work we demonstrate that the coiled-coil domain of EHD2 is crucial for the ability of EHD2 to inhibit endocytosis in plants, as mutant EHD2 forms lacking the coiled-coil lost the ability to inhibit endocytosis and signaling of LeEix2. The coiled-coil was also required for binding of EHD2 to the LeEix2 receptor. It is therefore probable that binding of EHD2 to the LeEix2 receptor is required for inhibition of LeEix2 internalization. We also show herein that the P-loop of EHD2 is important for EHD2 to function properly. The EH domain of AtEHD2 does not appear to be involved in inhibition of endocytosis. Moreover, AtEHD2 influences actin organization and may exert its inhibitory effect on endocytosis through actin re-distribution. The coiled-coil domain of EHD2 functions in inhibition of endocytosis, while the EH domain does not appear to be involved in inhibition of endocytosis.
Inhibition of oxygen-induced retinopathy in RTP801-deficient mice.

PURPOSE Ischemic proliferative retinopathy, which occurs as a complication of diabetes mellitus, prematurity, or retinal vein occlusion, is a major cause of blindness worldwide. In addition to retinal neovascularization, it involves retinal degeneration, of which apoptosis is the main cause. A prior report has described the cloning of a novel HIF-1-responsive gene, RTP801, which displays strong hypoxia-dependent upregulation in ischemic cells of neuronal origin, both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, inducible overexpression of RTP801 promotes the apoptotic death of differentiated neuron-like PC12 cells and increases their sensitivity to ischemic injury and oxidative stress. The purpose of the study was to examine the potential role of RTP801 in the pathogenesis of retinopathy, using RTP801-deficient mice. METHODS Wild-type and RTP801-knockout mice were used in a model of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Their retinas were collected at postnatal day (P)14 and P17. They were examined by fluorescein angiography and by analysis of VEGF expression, neovascularization, and apoptosis. RESULTS The expression of RTP801 was induced in the wild-type retina after hypoxia treatment. The retinal expression of VEGF after transfer to normoxic conditions was similarly upregulated in both wild-type and knockout mice. Nevertheless, the retinas of the RTP801-knockout mice in an ROP model showed a significant reduction in retinal neovascularization (P < 0.0001) and in the number of apoptotic cells in the inner nuclear layer (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS In the absence of RTP801 expression, development of retinopathy in the mouse model of ROP was significantly attenuated, thus implying an important role of RTP801 in the pathogenesis of ROP.
Hydrology and Earth System Sciences a Fast Tdr-inversion Technique for the Reconstruction of Spatial Soil Moisture Content

Spatial moisture distribution in natural soil or other material is a valuably information for many applications. Standard measurement techniques give only mean or punctual results. Therefore a new inversion algorithm has been developed to derive moisture profiles along single TDR sensor-probes. The algorithm uses the full information content of TDR reflection data measured from one or both sides of an embedded probe. The system consisting of sensor probe and surrounded soil can be interpreted as a nonuniform transmission-line. The algorithm is based on the telegraph equations for nonuniform transmission-lines and an optimization approach to reconstruct the distribution of the capacitance and effective conductance along the transmission-line with high spatial resolution. The capaci-tance distribution can be converted into permittivity and water content by means of a capacitance model and dielectric mixing rules. Numerical investigations have been carried out to verify the accuracy of the inversion algorithm. Single-and double-sided time-domain reflection data were used to determine the capacitance and effective conductance profiles of lossless and lossy materials. The results show that single-sided reflection data are sufficient for lossless (or low-loss) cases. In case of lossy material two independent reflection measurements are required to reconstruct a reliable capaci-tance profile. The inclusion of an additional effective conductivity profile leads to an improved capacitance profile. The algorithm converges very fast and yields a capacitance profile within a sufficiently short time. The additional transformation to the water content requires no significant calculation time.
STABLE MORPHISMS TO SINGULAR SCHEMES AND RELATIVE STABLE MORPHISMS

Let W/C be a degeneration of smooth varieties so that the special ﬁber has normal crossing singularity. In this paper, we ﬁrst construct the stack of expanded degenerations of W . We then construct the moduli space of stable morphisms to this stack, which provides a degeneration of the moduli spaces of stable morphisms associated to W/C . Using a similar technique, for a pair ( Z,D ) of smooth variety and a smooth divisor, we construct the stack of expanded relative pairs and then the moduli spaces of relative stable morphisms to ( Z,D ). This is the algebro-geometric analogue of Donaldson-Floer theory in gauge theory. The construction of relative Gromov-Witten invariants and the degeneration formula of Gromov-Witten invariants will be treated in the subsequent paper.