Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cardiac venous arterialization in acute myocardial infarction: how great is the benefit?

OBJECTIVES Cardiac venous arterialization has been proposed as an alternative approach for myocardial revascularization in ischaemic heart disease. It is based on using the cardiac venous system to transport arterial blood from a systemic artery to infarcted myocardial areas. Our goal was to evaluate its benefit in reducing acute myocardial infarct size and its effects on cardiac performance. METHODS In a group of pigs, the left internal mammary artery was anastomosed to the left anterior descending vein; this vein was ligated proximally. The left anterior descending coronary artery was also occluded. Over 5 days, several diagnostic procedures were used to characterize and measure the extent of myocardial infarct, namely ECG, echocardiography, cardiac biomarkers and histopathology. Data were compared with those from a control group of pigs, which were submitted to ligation of only the left anterior descending coronary artery. RESULTS In the experimental group, echocardiography revealed that the ejection fraction and thickness of the ventricular walls remained unchanged 4 days after surgery, in contrast to the major alterations in the control group. In fact, the ejection fraction in the control group decreased by 21% (P < 0.001), with a reduction of 31% (P < 0.004) in the thickness of the interventricular septum at end systole and enlargement of the left ventricular lumen by 28% (P < 0.001). In the experimental group, the sum for ST segment shift was 50% lower (P = 0.038) and the total ventricular histological lesion size was 50% smaller (P < 0.001). Within this lesion, the area of necrotic tissue was 70% smaller (P < 0.001). Cardiac biomarkers were not different between the two groups (P > 0.2). CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that selective cardiac venous arterialization can nourish the myocardium and is able to reduce infarct size by more than 50%, while protecting cardiac performance. We believe, therefore, that further investigation should be carried out into this technique in order for it to be considered as an option in coronary surgery.
T*: A data-centric cooling energy costs reduction approach for Big Data analytics cloud

Explosion in Big Data has led to a surge in extremely large-scale Big Data analytics platforms, resulting in burgeoning energy costs. Big Data compute model mandates strong data-locality for computational performance, and moves computations to data. State-of-the-art cooling energy management techniques rely on thermal-aware computational job placement/migration and are inherently data-placement-agnostic in nature. T* takes a novel, data-centric approach to reduce cooling energy costs and to ensure thermal-reliability of the servers. T* is cognizant of the uneven thermal-profile and differences in thermal-reliability-driven load thresholds of the servers, and the differences in the computational jobs arrival rate, size, and evolution life spans of the Big Data placed in the cluster. Based on this knowledge, and coupled with its predictive file models and insights, T* does proactive, thermal-aware file placement, which implicitly results in thermal-aware job placement in the Big Data analytics compute model. Evaluation results with one-month long real-world Big Data analytics production traces from Yahoo! show up to 42% reduction in the cooling energy costs with T* courtesy of its lower and more uniform thermal-profile and 9x better performance than the state-of-the-art data-agnostic cooling techniques.
Analytic alpha-stable noise modeling in a Poisson field of interferers or scatterers

This paper addresses non-Gaussian statistical modeling of interference as a superposition of a large number of small effects from terminals/scatterers distributed in the plane/volume according to a Poisson point process. This problem is relevant to multiple access communication systems without power control and radar. Assuming that the signal strength is attenuated over distance r as 1/r/m, we show that the interference/clutter could be modeled as a spherically symmetric /spl alpha/-stable noise. A novel approach to stable noise modeling is introduced based on the LePage series representation. This establishes grounds to investigate practical constraints in the system model adopted, such as the finite number of interferers and nonhomogeneous Poisson fields of interferers. In addition, the formulas derived allow us to predict noise statistics in environments with lognormal shadowing and Rayleigh fading. The results obtained are useful for the prediction of noise statistics in a wide range of environments with deterministic and stochastic power propagation laws. Computer simulations are provided to demonstrate the efficiency of the /spl alpha/-stable noise model in multiuser communication systems. The analysis presented will be important in the performance evaluation of complex communication systems and in the design of efficient interference suppression techniques.
Emotion Regulation and Intellectual Disability

Despite the plethora of published studies on emotion regulation, relatively few have discussed their applicability to individuals with intellectual disability. This paper discusses the components of emotion regulation that have been studied in intellectually disabled populations (emotion development, recognition and understanding, as well as self and behaviour regulation). We conclude with specific recommendations for future studies so that intellectually disabled populations can be represented within the emotion regulation literature.
Si and Mn Abundances in Damped Lyα Systems with Low Dust Content

We have measured the abundances of Zn, Si, Mn, Cr, Fe, and Ni in three damped Lyα systems at redshifts zabs ≤ 1 from high-resolution echelle spectra of QSOs recorded with the Keck I telescope. In all three cases, the abundances of Cr, Fe, and Ni relative to Zn indicate low levels of dust depletions. We propose that when the proportion of refractory elements locked up in dust grains is less than about 50%, it is plausible to assume an approximately uniform level of depletion for all grain constituents and, by applying a small dust correction, to recover the intrinsic abundances of Si and Mn. We use this approach on a small sample of damped systems (6-8 cases) for which it is appropriate, with the aim of comparing the metallicity dependence of the ratios [Si/Fe] and [Mn/Fe] with analogous measurements in Milky Way stars. The main conclusion is that the relative abundances of both elements in distant galaxies are broadly in line with expectations based on Galactic data. Si displays a mild enhancement at low metallicities, as expected for an α-capture element, but there are also examples of near-solar [Si/Fe] at [Fe/H] < -1. The underabundance of Mn at low metallicities is possibly even more pronounced than in metal-poor stars, and no absorption system has yet been found in which [Mn/Fe] is solar. The heterogeneous chemical properties of damped Lyα systems, evident even from this limited set of measurements, provide further support for the conclusion from imaging studies that a varied population of galaxies gives rise to this class of QSO absorbers. We also present a Hubble Space Telescope image of the field of one of the QSOs, Q0058+019, showing the presence of an edge-on late-type galaxy only 1. ″2 from the absorption sight line. If this is the galaxy producing the damped Lyα system at zabs = 0.61251, it is of relatively low luminosity (MB = -19.1) and at an impact parameter of 10 h kpc.
Indirect assessment of pulsatile gonadotropin-releasing hormone release in agonadal prepubertal rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).

The major purpose of this study was to characterize the open-loop frequency of pulsatile GnRH release in the female rhesus monkey at an age (15-20 months) when the prepubertal restraint on the hypothalamic-pituitary axis is maximally imposed. Additionally, evidence for pulsatile GnRH release in agonadal males of comparable age was also sought. Episodic LH secretion from the pituitary was used as an indirect index of GnRH discharges. In order to maximize the sensitivity of this in situ bioassay, the responsiveness of the pituitary gonadotrophs was usually first heightened by an i.v. intermittent infusion of the synthetic peptide. Monkeys (five females, three males) were castrated between 9 and 14 months of age, implanted with indwelling venous catheters, fitted with nylon jackets and housed in specialized cages that permitted remote access to the venous circulation with minimal restraint and without interruption of the light-darkness cycle. In females, LH secretion was generally assessed at 20-day intervals during alternate nighttime (1900-0200 h) and daytime (0700-1400 h) windows. In males, LH was assessed less frequently and only at night. The mean frequency of pulsatile LH release in agonadal prepubertal females was 4 pulses/7 h during the night and 2 pulses/7 h during the day. These findings indicate that, prior to puberty in the female monkey, the GnRH pulse generator operates at a relatively slow frequency and is subjected to diurnal modulation. In males, evidence for robust pulsatile GnRH release was not observed. The striking difference in activity of the GnRH pulse generator in agonadal prepubertal male and female monkeys reinforces the view that the ontogeny of the hypothalamic drive to the pituitary-gonadal axis in higher primates, including man, is sexually differentiated.
Descriptions of the mature spermatozoa of the lizards Crotaphytus bicinctores, Gambelia wislizenii (Crotaphytidae), and Anolis carolinensis (Polychrotidae) (Reptilia, Squamata, Iguania)

The spermatozoa of Crotaphytus bicinctores and Gambelia wislizenii (Crotaphytidae), and Anolis carolinensis (Polychrotidae) exhibit the squamate autapomorphies of a single perforatorium extending anteriorly from the apical tip of the paracrystalline subacrosomal cone, the presence of an epinuclear electron‐lucent region, and extension of the fibrous sheath into the midpiece. Crotaphytid sperm differ from those of polychrotids in several respects, including: the structure of the perforatorium, the size of the epinuclear electron‐lucent region, aspects of the acrosome complex, the arrangement and structure of intermitochondrial dense bodies, and in the distance the fibrous sheath extends into the midpiece. The sperm of C. bicinctores, G. wislizenii, and A. carolinensis are most similar to those of the agamids and phrynosomatids examined to date. No spermatozoal autapomorphies for Crotaphytidae or Polychrotidae were found. The condition of having the intermitochondrial dense bodies arranged in regular incomplete rings is tentatively defined as a synapomorphy of Iguania (although modified in Chamaeleonidae). Spermatozoal ultrastructure offers no characters that justify the separation of Iguanidae (sensu lato) into several separate families. J. Morphol. 247:160–171, 2001. © 2001 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Integrable chains on algebraic curves

The discrete Lax operators with the spectral parameter on an algebraic curve are defined. A hierarchy of commuting flows on the space of such operators is constructed. It is shown that these flows are linearized by the spectral transform and can be explicitly solved in terms of the theta-functions of the spectral curves. The Hamiltonian theory of the corresponding systems is analyzed. The new type of completely integrable Hamiltonian systems associated with the space of rank r = 2 discrete Lax operators on a variable base curve is found.
Indirect Estimation of Conditionally Heteroskedastic Factor Models

We derive indirect estimators of multivariate conditionally heteroskedastic factor models in which the volatilities of the latent factors depend on their past values. Specifically, we calibrate the analytical score of a Kalman-filter approximation, taking into account the inequality constraints on the auxiliary model parameters. We also study the determinants of the biases in the parameters of this approximation, and its quality. Moreover, we propose sequential indirect estimators that can handle models with large cross-sectional dimensions. Finally, we analyse the small sample behaviour of our indirect estimators and the approximate maximum likelihood procedures through an extensive Monte Carlo experiment.
Southwest Pacific Ocean surface reservoir ages since the last glaciation: Circulation insights from multiple‐core studies

Radiocarbon (C) in dissolved inorganic carbon in the ocean can trace the age of ocean water relative to the atmosphere and provide insight into climate-driven changes in ocean circulation since the last glaciation. Here we estimate surface radiocarbon ages from the last glaciation through the deglaciation into the Holocene in the southwestern Pacific by using tephras, both as stratigraphic tie points and for the availability of existing radiocarbon dates from terrestrialbased analyses of the organic carbon associated with them, as markers of past atmospheric ΔC. The glacial surface reservoir age of subtropical waters was ~700 C years older than the coeval atmosphere at ~25,000 cal yr B.P. This was significantly older (more C depleted) by ~ 300 C years, than modern reservoir ages. At the same time, subantarctic surface water reservoir age was ~3200 C years, almost 5 times the modern reservoir age, making the difference in age between subtropical and subantarctic surface water masses treble the modern difference. This pattern is attributed to the upwelling and exchange of very old deepwaters from the glacial abyss in the Southern Ocean. In the early deglaciation, surface reservoir ages were ~600 to 700 C years. Recent atmospheric ΔC calibrations project that these surface reservoir ages were older than modern by 1.2-fold to 2-fold. This increased reservoir effect can be attributed to shallow circulation that differed from modern, delivering waters with lower C content to the region. Early Holocene surface reservoir ages of ~300 to 500 C years, similar to recent, suggest modern circulation patterns were in place by that time.
Systemic risk: the dynamics of model banking systems

The recent banking crises have made it clear that increasingly complex strategies for managing risk in individual banks have not been matched by corresponding attention to overall systemic risks. We explore some simple mathematical caricatures for ‘banking ecosystems’, with emphasis on the interplay between the characteristics of individual banks (capital reserves in relation to total assets, etc.) and the overall dynamical behaviour of the system. The results are discussed in relation to potential regulations aimed at reducing systemic risk.
Probiotics for Preventing Late-Onset Sepsis in Preterm Neonates

AbstractThe effect of probiotics on late-onset sepsis (LOS) in preterm neonates remains controversial. The authors systematically reviewed the literature to investigate whether enteral probiotic supplementation reduced the risk of LOS in preterm neonates in neonatal intensive care units.PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were systematically searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding the effect of probiotics in preterm neonates. The primary outcome was culture-proven bacterial and/or fungal sepsis. The Mantel–Haenszel method with random-effects model was used to calculate pooled relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Twenty-seven trials were included in our review, and 25 trials involving 6104 preterm neonates were statistically analyzed. Pooled analysis indicated that enteral probiotic supplementation significantly reduced the risk of any sepsis (25 RCTs; RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.73–0.94; I2 = 26%), bacterial sepsis (11 RCTs; RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.71–0.95; I2 = 0%), and fungal sepsis (6 RCTs; RR 0.57, 95% CI 0.41–0.78; I2 = 0%). This beneficial effect remains in very low birth weight infants (<1500 g) (19 RCTs; RR 0.86, 95% CI 0.75–0.97; I2 = 18%), but not in extremely low birth weight infants (<1000 g) (3 RCTs; RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.45–1.19; I2 = 53%). All the included trials reported no systemic infection caused by the supplemental probiotic organisms.Current evidence indicates that probiotic supplementation is safe, and effective in reducing the risk of LOS in preterm neonates in neonatal intensive care units. Further studies are needed to address the optimal probiotic organism, dosing, timing, and duration. High-quality and adequately powered RCTs regarding the efficacy and safety of the use of probiotics in extremely low birth weight infants are still warranted.
On dimensions in corporate disclosure studies

Abstract Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to set out key issues on the dimensions in corporate disclosure studies, introduce the papers appearing in this special issue and set agenda for future corporate disclosure research. Design/methodology/approach – This is a discussion paper exploring key issues both theoretically and pragmatically. Findings – The paper finds that there are many dimensions in corporate disclosure studies that are under-researched. The paper argued that future disclosure studies should explore new and challenging determinants of corporate disclosure including socio-cultural factors. It encouraged researchers especially early career and doctoral researchers to experiment with alternative theoretical framing beyond agency theory, including multi-theoretical approaches whilst exploring different avenues of corporate disclosure besides annual reports. Furthermore, the paper encouraged qualitative disclosure studies and alternative analytical techniques complementary to regression models. Research limitations/implications – There is a possibility that the issues explored in this paper, and the other papers in this special issue, will lead to a considerable growth in academic studies in this area. Practical implications – The paper contributes to the growing debate on corporate disclosures. Originality/value – The paper sets an agenda for research into the various dimensions in corporate disclosures. Keywords: disclosure research; theoretical framing; disclosure avenues and regression models Paper type General review
Motivations Triggering Electronic Word of Mouth Intention: A Study for E-Learning Websites at Vietnam

본 연구의 목적은 베트남에서 운영 중인 e-러닝 사이트에 대한 입소문 즉, e-구전을 발생시키는 동기요인을 인구통계학적 요인을 중심으로 사용자들의 특성을 반영하여 조사하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 본 연구는 예비조사와 본조사의 두 가지 단계를 통해 수행되었다. 예비조사는 질적 탐색 방법에 의해 수행되었으며, 그 결과로 e-구전에 영향을 미치는 요인이 명성,.
Credit Risk Factor Modeling and the Basel Ii IRB Approach

Default probabilities (PDs) and correlations play a crucial role in the New Basel Capital Accord. In commercial credit risk models they are an important constituent. Yet, modeling and estimation of PDs and correlations is still under active discussion. We show how the Basel II one factor model which is used to calibrate risk weights can be extended to a model for estimating PDs and correlations. The important advantage of this model is that it uses actual information about the point in time of the credit cycle. Thus, uncertainties about the parameters which are needed for Value-at-Risk calculations in portfolio models may be substantially reduced. First empirical evidence for the appropriateness of the models and underlying risk factors is given with S&P data.
Inclusive pedagogy in action: getting it right for every child

ABSTRACT A key assumption underpinning formative assessment strategies is that individual pupils must be fully involved in the process. While such engagement and attention on the individual is important, studies suggest that teachers do not always readily engage with formative assessment as a reciprocal process which involves pupils. Additionally, a focus on individual differences between pupils can be problematic if the work that is set for some is differentiated to such an extent that they are not able to participate in classroom activities with others. Inclusive pedagogy is an approach to teaching and learning that attends to individual differences between pupils but avoids the marginalisation that can occur when pedagogical responses are designed only with individual needs in mind. Using participant observation and video footage from three classrooms that captured ‘learning moments’ identified by teachers and pupils, this study documents how the professional craft knowledge of teachers develops as they learn to use what their pupils have to say about learning in the context of whole class teaching. By concentrating on the findings from one site, this paper shows how teachers can use what they learn from listening to pupils’ self-assessments of their learning in ways that meet the standard of inclusive pedagogy.
On the Phase Relations between the Western North Pacific, Indian, and Australian Monsoons*

Abstract The phase relationships of the western North Pacific (WNP) summer monsoon (WNPM) with the Australian monsoon (AM) and Indian monsoon (IM) are investigated using observational rainfall, SST, and NCEP reanalysis data for the period of 1979–2005. It is found that a strong WNPM often follows a strong AM but leads a weak AM, and a significant simultaneous negative correlation appears between WNPM and IM. The in-phase relationship from AM to the succeeding WNPM occurs often during the El Nino decaying phase when the warm eastern Pacific SST anomaly (SSTA) weakens AM through anomalous Walker circulation and the persistence of an anomalous WNP anticyclone from the boreal winter to summer leads to a weak WNPM. The out-of-phase relation from WNPM to the succeeding AM occurs either during the El Nino early onset year when the warm SSTA in June–August (JJA) is strong enough to force a low-level cyclonic flow anomaly in WNP and in December–February (DJF) the same warm SSTA forces a weak AM, or during the El N.
AIS Electronic

Building from organizational climate theory, recent conceptual work has extended the IT service quality research and proposed a new construct, IT Service Climate, as an antecedent of IT service quality (Jia and Reich 2008). This paper reports on an empirical study that validated a 14-item measurement instrument for the IT service climate construct. Consisting of three dimensions, including Service Leadership, Service Vision, and Service Evaluation, the instrument demonstrates satisfactory reliability, convergent validity/unidimensionality, and discriminant validity. Data from a sample of matched pairs of systems and client units also indicate that, service climate scores from systems units explained significant variance in IT service quality as rated by their respective client units, thus demonstrating criterion validity. Contributions to both IT research and practice are discussed.
MODIFICATION OF THE HOMOTYPIC SPECIFICITY OF POLIOMYELITIS COMPLEMENT-FIXING ANTIGENS BY HEAT

Fluid obtained from HeLa cell cultures infected with poliomyelitis viruses served as a complement-fixing antigen. When used in the native state, i.e. untreated in any way, the fluids acted as homotypically specific antigens. When heated, however, the antigenicity was broadened and a high degree of heterotypic reactivity was encountered. Data are presented indicating that the observed group reactivity was apparently based on common antigens shared by the three immunologic types of poliomyelitis virus. This reactivity appeared to be specific for the poliomyelitis viruses. No evidence was obtained in preliminary experiments that heating of the antigens releases a "soluble" antigen responsible for the group reactivity.