Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
HVDC link power quality improvement using a modified active power filter

Converters and nonlinear loads absorb reactive power and produce harmonics on both sides of the d.c. transmission systems. The demand of reactive power and harmonics cancelation are usually met by employing passive and active power filters. In this paper, a conventional passive filter and a new active power filter topology are suggested in order to improve the power quality of the d.c. transmission systems. The nonlinear application chosen here is the 12-pluse Line Commutated Converter High Voltage D.C. (LCC-HVDC) link. The passive filter is tuned at fixed harmonic and constant transmitted d.c. power while the active power filter is dynamically controlled for different values of d.c. power flow through the transmission line. To effectively control the active power filter, a modified harmonic pulse width modulation algorithm is suggested in order to minimize the source harmonics and force the a.c. source current to be in-phase with the a.c. mains. Comparison of simulation results using MATLAB/SIMULINK show that the suggested active filter is effective for transient and steady-state operating conditions.
Girls being quiet: a problem for foreign language classrooms?

The majority of quantitative and arguably of qualitative studies of gendered classroom discourse have produced depressing findings in terms of the quality and quantity of teacher attention female students attract/receive and the amount of talk they produce. In the language classroom, considered by many teachers to be a ‘girls’ world’, findings may be rather different.
Identifying the Pathways for Meaning Circulation using Text Network Analysis

In this work we propose a method and algorithm for identifying the pathways for meaning circulation within a text. This is done by visualizing normalized textual data as a graph and deriving the key metrics for the concepts and for the text as a whole using network analysis. The resulting data and graph representation are then used to detect the key concepts, which function as junctions for meaning circulation within a text, contextual clusters comprised of word communities (themes), as well as the most often used pathways for meaning circulation. We then discuss several practical applications of our method ranging from automatic recovery of hidden agendas within a text and intertextual navigation graph-interfaces, to enhancing reading and writing, quick text summarization, as well as group sentiment profiling and text diagramming. We also make a quick overview of the existing computer-assisted text analysis (and, specifically, network text analysis), and text visualization methods in order to position our research in relation to the other available approaches.
ODoST

Dynamic biomedical systems are mathematically described by Ordinary Differential Equations (ODEs) and their solution is often one of the most computationally intensive parts in biomedical simulations. With high inherent parallelism, hardware acceleration based on Field-Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) has great potential to increase the computational performance of the model simulations, while being very power-efficient. However, the manual hardware implementation is complex and time consuming. The advantages of FPGA designs can only be realised if there is a general solution to automate the process. In this article, we propose a domain-specific high-level synthesis tool called ODoST that automatically generates an FPGA-based Hardware Accelerator Module (HAM) from a high-level description. In this direct approach, ODE equations are directly mapped to processing pipelines without any intermediate architecture layer of processing elements. We evaluate the generated HAMs on real hardware based on their resource usage, processing speed, and power consumption, and compare them with CPUs and a GPU. The results show that FPGA implementations can achieve 15.3 times more speedup compared to a single core CPU solution and perform similarly to an auto-generated GPU solution, while the FPGA implementations can achieve 14.5 times more power efficiency than the CPU and 3.1 times compared to the optimised GPU solution. Improved speedups are foreseeable based on further optimisations.
Use of Automated External Defibrillators

In an effort to improve survival from cardiac arrest, the American Heart Association (AHA) has promoted the Chain of Survival concept, describing a sequence of prehospital steps that result in improved survival after sudden cardiac arrest. These interventions include immediate deployment of emergency medical services, prompt cardiopulmonary resuscitation, early defibrillation when indicated, and early initiation of advanced medical care. Early defibrillation has emerged as the most important intervention with survival decreasing by 10% with each minute of delay in defibrillation. Ventricular Fibrillation (VF) is a condition in which there is uncoordinated contraction of the heart cardiac muscle of the ventricles in the heart, making them tremble rather than contract properly. VF is a medical emergency and if the arrhythmia continues for more than a few seconds, blood circulation will cease, and death can occur in a matter of minutes. During VF, contractions of the heart are not synchronized, blood flow ceases, organs begin to fail from oxygen deprivation and within 10 minutes, death will occur. When VF occurs, the victim must be defibrillated in order to establish the heart’s normal rhythm. On average, the wait for an ambulance in populated areas of the United States is about 11 minutes. Inmore » view of these facts, the EFCOG Electrical Safety Task Group initiated this review to evaluate the potential value of deployment and use of automated external defibrillators (AEDs) for treatment of SCA victims. This evaluation indicates the long term survival benefit to victims of SCA is high if treated with CPR plus defibrillation within the first 3-5 minutes after collapse. According to the American Heart Association (AHA), survival rates as high as 74% are possible if treatment and defibrillation is performed in the first 3 minutes. In contrast survival rates are only 5% where no AED programs have been established to provide prompt CPR and defibrillation. ["CPR statistics" American Heart Association] Early intervention with both CPR and defibrillation can result in high long-term survival rates for SCA, as demonstrated by a study investigating the beneficial effects of AED devices at Chicago’s O’Hare and Midway airports. The American Medical Association (AMA) advocates the widespread placement of AEDs [AMA Res. 413, A-02; Res. 424, A-04]; supports increasing government and industry funding for the purchase of AED devices; and encourages the American public to become trained in CPR and the use of AEDs. Some states, including Maryland, have enacted legislation requiring AED devices and a certified responder be available at high school and school-sponsored athletic events due the risk of SCA to athletes (the most common cause of death in young athletes). Ensuring AED availability at Department of Energy (DOE) sites would serve as a means of preventative intervention for over 14,000 DOE employees and 193,000 contract workers. It is estimated 1 per 1,000 adults 35 years of age and older will experience SCA in a given year. « less
Role of nitric oxide in optic nerve head blood flow regulation during isometric exercise in healthy humans.

PURPOSE We determined whether administration of a nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor alters optic nerve head blood flow (ONHBF) regulation during isometric exercise in healthy subjects. METHODS Our study was done in a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-masked, three-way crossover design. A total of 18 healthy subjects was randomized to receive either placebo, phenylephrine, or an inhibitor of NOS (L-NMMA) on three different study days. ONHBF was measured with laser Doppler flowmetry while the study participants performed isometric exercise (squatting). This was done before drug administration and during infusion of the study drugs. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) and IOP were measured noninvasively, and ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) was calculated as 2/3 MAP - IOP. RESULTS The response in ONHBF to isometric exercise was less pronounced than the response in OPP, indicating for some autoregulatory capacity in the ONH. Administration of L-NMMA significantly decreased ONHBF at rest (P < 0.01). In contrast, inhibition of NOS did not alter the pressure-flow relationship in the ONH during an experimental increase in OPP compared to phenylephrine and placebo (P = 0.37 between groups). CONCLUSIONS The data of our study support previous findings that ONHBF is autoregulated during an experimental increase in OPP. Nitric oxide has an important role in basal ONHBF regulation, but seems not to be involved in the autoregulatory response during an increase in OPP induced by isometric exercise. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00806741.).
Confirmatory Modeling in Organizational Behavior/Human Resource Management: Issues and Applications

This article reviews confirmatory or latent variable models (LVM's) with regard to technicallmethodological issues and applications in OBIHRM. Suggestions are provided concerning when and how to use and interpret LVM's. In addition, we review applications in OBIHRM and highlight issues for further research.
The Voices of Rhetoric and Politics in Social Epistemology

Although Wes Shrum advertised my critics as representing quite distinct points of view, they nevertheless managed to converge on a set of concerns that revolve around the meanings of "rhetoric," "politics," and "multiculturalism" in the project of social epistemology. Either the critics were not chosen correctly or the book under discussion is quite obviously flawed! Rather than make that Hobson's choice, I will address my critics' concerns in a way that I hope will prove illuminating to other normatively oriented theorists in the social sciences who want to take the challenge of postmodernism seriously but who also realize that postmodernism may soon become the orthodoxy, rather than the challenger, in cultural politics.
Optimized Cell Survival and Seeding Efficiency for Craniofacial Tissue Engineering Using Clinical Stem Cell Therapy

Traumatic injuries involving the face are very common, yet the clinical management of the resulting craniofacial deficiencies is challenging. These injuries are commonly associated with missing teeth, for which replacement is compromised due to inadequate jawbone support. Using cell therapy, we report the upper jaw reconstruction of a patient who lost teeth and 75% of the supporting jawbone following injury. A mixed population of bone marrow‐derived autologous stem and progenitor cells was seeded onto β‐tricalcium phosphate (β‐TCP), which served as a scaffold to deliver cells directly to the defect. Conditions (temperature, incubation time) to achieve the highest cell survival and seeding efficiency were optimized. Four months after cell therapy, cone beam computed tomography and a bone biopsy were performed, and oral implants were placed to support an engineered dental prosthesis. Cell seeding efficiency (>81%) of the β‐TCP and survival during the seeding process (94%) were highest when cells were incubated with β‐TCP for 30 minutes, regardless of incubation temperature; however, at 1 hour, cell survival was highest when incubated at 4°C. Clinical, radiographic, and histological analyses confirmed that by 4 months, the cell therapy regenerated 80% of the original jawbone deficiency with vascularized, mineralized bone sufficient to stably place oral implants. Functional and aesthetic rehabilitation of the patient was successfully completed with installation of a dental prosthesis 6 months following implant placement. This proof‐of‐concept clinical report used an evidence‐based approach for the cell transplantation protocol used and is the first to describe a cell therapy for craniofacial trauma reconstruction.
Helping teachers to cope with large classes

The issues raised by teaching in large classes1 are rarely addressed in pre-service training courses. Those teachers—and they are numerous—who have to cope with classes that contain 50 or more learners are, therefore, often ill-prepared to deal with the situation in which they find themselves in schools. This article examines an in-service training session developed for use in the state sector in Thailand which aims to help teachers to come to terms with some of the problems found in large classes. It is based on the author's previous experience in north-east Thailand, and his continuing involvement there in teacher development work.
Binding of the Non-Peptide Vasopressin V1a Receptor Antagonist SR-49059 in the Rat Brain: An in vitro and in vivo Autoradiographic Study

A potent non-peptide vasopressin (AVP) antagonist, SR-49059, displaying high stability and selective affinity for the V1a AVP receptor subtype, has recently been described. The objective of this study was to assess the binding properties and the penetrability of this compound in the rat brain. Both in vitro and in vivo binding autoradiography experiments were performed. In all studies, the liver was used as a reference V1a tissue. In vitro labelling of rat brain sections with [3H]SR-49059 was similar to that previously detected with [3H]AVP, which confirms that the majority of central AVP binding sites are V1a sites similar to peripheral V1a receptors. As expected, intense specific labelling occurred mainly in the lateral septum, the fundus striatum, the hypothalamic stigmoid nucleus and the area postrema-nucleus of the solitary tract complex. In vivo binding autoradiography showed that [3H]SR-49059 injected intravenously did not enter the brain parenchyma. Specific labelling was however clearly detectable in brain regions with permeable hematoencephalic barrier, the choroid plexus and other circumventricular organs expressing V1a receptors, namely the subfornical organ, the pineal gland and the area postrema. The specificity of [3H]SR-49059 binding in the latter structures was confirmed by the fact that labelling was prevented by pretreatment of animals with high doses of nonradioactive SR-49059. In conclusion, our study shows that [3H]SR-49059 is a suitable probe to investigate V1a receptors in the rat brain. We also demonstrate that although this compound is not able to enter the brain tissue from the peripheral circulation, it does bind specifically to regions devoid of blood-brain barrier and known to be involved in autonomic regulations.
THE DEGLACIATION OF THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE: A Global Perspective

Orbitally induced increase in northern summer insolation after growth of a large ice sheet triggered deglaciation and associated global warming. Ice-albedo, sealevel, and greenhouse-gas feedbacks, together with tropical warming from weakening winds in response to polar amplification of warming, caused regionalto-global (near-) synchronization of deglaciation. Effects were larger at orbital rather than millennial frequencies because ice sheets and carbon dioxide vary slowly. Ice-sheet‐linked changes in freshwater delivery to the North Atlantic, and possibly free oscillations in the climate system, forced millennial climate oscillations associated with changes in North Atlantic deep water (NADW) flow. The North Atlantic typically operates in one of three modes: modern, glacial, and Heinrich. Deglaciation occurred from a glacial-mode ocean that, in comparison to modern, had shallower depth of penetration of NADW formed further south, causing strong northern cooling and the widespread cold, dry, and windy conditions associated with the glacial maximum and the cold phases of the millennial Dansgaard-Oeschger oscillations. The glacial mode was punctuated by meltwater-forced Heinrich conditions that caused only small additional cooling at high northern latitudes, but greatly reduced the formation of NADW and triggered an oceanic “seesaw” that warmed some high-latitude southern regions centered in the South Atlantic.
SSRD 3 : is there a superiority of multimodal as opposed to simple therapy in patients with temporomandibular disorders ? A qualitative systematic review of the literature

Authors’ affiliations: Jens C. Türp, Clinic for Reconstructive Dentistry and Temporomandibular Disorders, Dental School, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland Asbjørn Jokstad, Department of Prosthodontics, University of Toronto Faculty of Dentistry, Toronto, Canada Edith Motschall, Institute for Medical Biometry and Medical Informatics, University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany Hans J. Schindler, Research Group Biomechanics, Faculty for Mathematics, University of Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany Isabelle Windecker-Gétaz, Department of Prosthodontics, University of Berne School of Dental Medicine, Berne, Switzerland Dominik A. Ettlin, Clinic for Masticatory Disorders, Removable Prosthodontics, Geriatrics, and Special Care Dentistry, Center for Dental and Oral Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
On the capacity per synapse

The optimal storage capacity of a perceptron with a finite fraction of sign constrained weights, which are prescribed a priori, is examined. The storage capacity is calculated by considering the fractional volume of weights which can store a set of alpha N random patterns, where N is the size of the input. It is found that in the case where (1-s) N weights are sign constrained the capacity is (1+s)/2 alpha Gc(k), where alpha Gc(k) is the maximal storage capacity in Gardner's case and k is a stability parameter.
Synthesis and Characterization of a Dipalmitoylated Lipopeptide Derived from Paralogous Lipoproteins of Mycoplasma pneumoniae

ABSTRACT Genomic analysis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae revealed the existence of a large number of putative lipoprotein genes compared with the numbers in other bacteria. However, the pathogenic roles of M. pneumoniae lipoproteins are still obscure. In this study, we synthesized a lipopeptide (designated M. pneumoniae paralogous lipoprotein 1 [MPPL-1]) in which an S-dipalmitoylglyceryl cysteine was coupled to a peptide with a consensus sequence of a putative paralogous lipoprotein group characteristic of M. pneumoniae. The cytokine-inducing activity of MPPL-1 in human monocytic cells was much weaker (∼700-fold weaker) than that of the known mycoplasmal S-dipalmitoylated lipopeptide FSL-1 or MALP-2. MPPL-1 required Toll-like receptor (TLR2) to activate NF-κB-dependent gene transcription in HEK293 cells, although a 1,000-fold-larger amount of MPPL-1 was needed to exert activity similar to that of FSL-1 in the cells. TLR2-mediated recognition of MPPL-1 was synergistically upregulated by TLR6 but not by TLR1 or TLR10, although the activity was still weak. In addition, MPPL-1 did not antagonize FSL-1 recognition in human monocytic cells and TLR2/TLR6-expressing HEK293 cells. Thus, these results suggest that there is preferential selective recognition of diacylated lipopeptides due to the magnitude of an affinity with TLR2 and TLR6 and the roles of increased paralogous lipoprotein genes of M. pneumoniae in evasion of TLR2 recognition.
Do Items That Measure Self-Perceived Physical Appearance Function Differentially Across Gender Groups? An Application of the MACS Model

The aims of this study were to investigate whether the 6 items of the Physical Appearance Scale (Marsh, Richards, Johnson, Roche, & Tremayne, 1994) show differential item functioning (DIF) across gender groups of adolescents, and to show how this can be done using the multigroup mean and covariance structure (MG-MACS) analysis model. Two samples composed of 402 boys and 445 girls were analyzed. Two DIF items were detected. One of them showed uniform DIF in the unexpected direction, whereas the other showed nonuniform DIF in the expected direction. The practical significance of the DIF detected was trivial. Thus, we concluded that the differences between girls' and boys' average scores on the analyzed scale reflect valid differences on the latent trait.
Balancing Passion and Priorities

Given the increased attention on school-based programs to decrease obesity and emphasize fitness among children, there is an alarming lack of attention on health and wellness of school administrators. This study investigated the work-life balance, health, and nutrition status of secondary administrators in one Midwest state using an online survey. Results indicated disparity between administrators’ perceived responsibility to foster healthy school environments and their personal wellness modeling. Stress levels and years of experience were found to affect wellness modeling.
Are Survey Measures of Trust Correlated with Experimental Trust? Evidence from Cameroon

Abstract In less developed countries, there is often a low correlation between survey-based measures of interpersonal trust and experimental measures. This has caused doubt about the reliability of trust measures used to explain variations in levels of socio-economic development. Using data from rural Cameroon, we explore whether the correlation between survey and experimental trust depends on social distance, and on whether the survey questions are context-specific. We find a high correlation in all cases. However, correlations with survey trustworthiness do depend on social distance.
Layoffs and unemployment discrimination: a new stigma

Purpose – The purpose of the paper is to discuss and seek a better understanding of the stigmatization of unemployed workers who have been laid off.Design/methodology/approach – This is a conceptual paper which addresses the factors that affect stigmatization and resulting discrimination against laid‐off individuals such as minority status, age, labor markets, job level, and length of unemployment. Issues of categorization and stereotyping of laid‐off workers are explored.Findings – The increased use of layoffs by organizations has created a large class of unemployed workers who, rather than being seen as victims, are perceived to be deficient in their skills and abilities. This stigmatization is seen as more detrimental to laid‐off minorities and older workers as well as those who have been unemployed for long periods of time. The amount of discrimination is likely to be affected by the job market and level of job.Research limitations/implications – Propositions are developed to examine the factors affec.
Spirituality, Religion, and Globalization

Issues of spirituality and religion are seldom discussed in the globalization context. Spirituality and religion affect the globalization phenomenon and are, in turn, significantly influenced by globalization. This article explores the interplay between spirituality and religion, and the forces of economics, technology, and globalization. Contemporary globalization exhibits five main trends in spirituality and religion: increasing attempts to harness religion and spirituality as means toward reterritorialization, the integration of spirituality in all aspects of life, a greater thrust toward the individualization of spirituality among consumers, the enhanced role of cyberspace in the spiritual domain, and the syncretization of spirituality. These five trends affect quality of life as well as the relationship between governments and markets, two areas of interest to macromarketers.