Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The influence of teacher candidates' spatial visualization ability on the use of multiple representations in problem solving of definite integrals: a qualitative analysis

This study aims to investigate the influence of spatial visualization ability in representations used in definite integral subject. In this sense, a case study has been carried out on 45 mathematics teacher candidates. Multi- method approach was adopted by using more than one research techniques. Tests, Document analysis and semi-structured interviews are the research instruments and inferential & descriptive statistics are used for the data analysis. Findings showed that spatial visualization ability of the teacher candidates is low. In parallel to these findings, it was determined that the candidates, who have low spatial visualization ability, used predominantly algebraic representation. The development of spatial visualization ability, which may influence the relationship between graphical representations and the other representations, increases the performance of solving definite integral problems. Moreover, the candidates are advised to develop their spatial visualization abilities to improve their abilities of interpretation of visual information.
Sex, Power, and Money: Prediction from the Dark Triad and Honesty–Humility

Data were collected from two undergraduate student samples to examine (i) the relations of the ‘Dark Triad’ variables (Machiavellianism, Psychopathy, and Narcissism) with the HEXACO personality dimensions, as well as (ii) the ability of the aforementioned characteristics and of the Big Five personality factors to predict outcome variables related to sex, power, and money. Results indicated that the common variance of the Dark Triad was very highly correlated with low Honesty–Humility and that the unique variance of each of the Dark Triad variables also showed theoretically meaningful relations with the other five HEXACO factors. Furthermore, the Dark Triad and Honesty–Humility were strong predictors of three domains of outcome variables—Sex (short–term mating tendencies and sexual quid pro quos), Power (Social Dominance Orientation and desire for power), and Money (conspicuous consumption and materialism)—that were not well predicted by the dimensions of the Big Five. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Accurate Ego-Vehicle Global Localization at Intersections Through Alignment of Visual Data With Digital Map

This paper proposes a method for achieving improved ego-vehicle global localization with respect to an approaching intersection, which is based on the alignment of visual landmarks perceived by the on-board visual system, with the information from a proposed extended digital map (EDM). The visual system relies on a stereovision system that provides a detailed 3-D description of the environment, including road landmark information (lateral lane delimiters, painted traffic signs, curbs, and stop lines) and dynamic environment information (other vehicles). An EDM is proposed, which enriches the standard map information with a detailed description of the intersection required for current lane identification, landmark alignment, and ego-vehicle accurate global localization. A novel approach for lane-delimiter classification, which is necessary for the lane identification, is also presented. An original solution for identifying the current lane, combining visual and map information with the help of a Bayesian network (BN), is proposed. Extensive experiments have been performed, and the results are evaluated with a Global Navigation Satellite System of high accuracy (2 cm). The achieved global localization accuracy is of submeter level, depending on the performance of the stereovision system.
Agromyces bauzanensis sp. nov., isolated from soil.

A Gram-stain-positive, aerobic bacterium, designated strain BZ41(T), was isolated from hydrocarbon-contaminated soil. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain BZ41(T) was related to members of the genus Agromyces and showed highest similarity with the type strain of Agromyces ramosus (96.8 %). The morphological, biochemical and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the new isolate were consistent with the description of the genus Agromyces. The cell-wall peptidoglycan of strain BZ41(T) was of type B2γ and contained the amino acids 2,4-diaminobutyric acid, alanine, glycine and glutamic acid in an approximate molar ratio of 1.8 : 0.7 : 1.1 : 1.0. The predominant cell-wall sugars were galactose, glucose, mannose and rhamnose. Strain BZ41(T) had MK-12 and MK-11 as major menaquinones and contained anteiso-C₁₅:₀ and anteiso-C₁₇:₀ as major fatty acids. The genomic DNA G+C content of strain BZ41(T) was 69.7 mol%. On the basis of phenotypic characteristics and genotypic analysis, strain BZ41(T) is considered to represent a novel species of the genus Agromyces, for which the name Agromyces bauzanensis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is BZ41(T) (=DSM 22275(T) =CGMCC 1.8984(T)).
Role of Airport Physical Environments in the Satisfaction Generation Process: Mediating the Impact of Traveller Emotion

As the use of international airports has been increasing, airports have emerged as a remarkable background in the tourism industry. To address this, the present study aimed at (1) investigating the relationships among the variables of airport physical environments, customer emotion, and satisfaction, (2) verifying which attribute of airport physical environments has significant impact on customer emotion, and (3) examining the mediating role of emotion between airport physical environments and customer satisfaction. The snowball method was introduced to collect the data. According to the findings from the structural analysis, three components of airport physical environments had decisive effects on pleasure. However, most of airport physical environments were insignificant on arousal, and arousal had invalid impact on satisfaction. Customer emotion was found as a partial mediator between the identical attributes of airport physical environments and customer satisfaction. Discussions and implications for airport practitioners, limitations, and suggestions for future research were also provided.
Retrieval of Episodic Autobiographical Memories in Older Adults

I examined age-related differences in specificity of autobiographical memories by investigating executive function in young (18 – 25) and older adults (64 – 85) when given low and high imagability word cues (5 low, 5 high in randomized order). Participants provided 10 narratives for the autobiographical interview and completed Matrix Reasoning, Digit Span Backwards, and Verbal Paired Associates to reflect executive function ability. Scores on the Depression Anxiety Stress Scale (DASS-21) were also used as a covariate in the primary analyses. Results for the complete memory data indicated significant effects for Age Group and Imagability, but were qualified by a significant interaction between the two. Young adults produced more specificity than older adults, with high imagability words eliciting the most specificity. Conversely, results for the reduced memory data indicated a significant effect for Imagability and Age Group, with no significant interaction between Age Group and Imagability. High imagability words elicited more specificity in both young and older adults. Significant age differences were also found for the Matrix Reasoning raw scores and Verbal Paired Associates raw scores with young adults providing higher scores than older adults. Unexpectedly, no significant age difference was found for Digit Span Backwards raw scores or DASS-21 scores. Implications for retrieval or encoding differences with age and future research are discussed in terms of the current findings.
DEVELOPMENT OF PHONEMICALLY BALANCED WORD LISTS FOR ADULTS IN THE KANNADA LANGUAGE

Material and methods: Exactly 1200 bisyllabic Kannada words were collected from various sources and evaluated for familiarity. The words that were familiar (820 of them) were assessed for equivalency at –3 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to make sure that the words in the lists were of equal difficulty. Equivalency across the word lists were assessed, in quiet at four sensation levels, on 65 participants with normal hearing. Equivalency was also assessed on 100 participants with normal hearing in noise at –3 dB SNR.
Towards aiding within-patch information foraging by end-user programmers

Many tools help professional programmers with the difficult problem of finding information during code maintenance. The empirical success of these tools can be explained by Information Foraging Theory (IFT) which predicts how a person seeks information by navigating through an information system based on the visual weight of information features presented to the person. Motivated by the success of these tools, we investigated the reasonable expectation that end-user programmers would likewise benefit from tools that increased the relative visual weight of important information features. We prototyped and evaluated two tools, each of which uses an existing algorithm to identify the most important lines of code. One prototype highlights important lines of code; the other prototype hides unimportant lines of code. An empirical study revealed that increasing the relative weight of important information features by highlighting did positively impact the amount of information foraged and the rate of information gained; on the other hand, decreasing the relative weight of unimportant information features by hiding had a modest negative impact. These results reveal opportunities for enhancing existing IFT-based foraging models and applying them to design more effective end-user programming tools for coding, debugging, and code reuse.
Acquired haemophilia A may be associated with clopidogrel

Acquired haemophilia A is a rare bleeding disorder caused by autoantibodies against factor VIII.1 Bleeding is often severe and may be life threatening. In half of patients, no underlying disorder is found, however, common associations are with autoimmune disease, malignancy, dermatological disorders, pregnancy, and drugs.1–3 Two women aged 70 and 67 presented with a history of excessive bruising and soft tissue bleeding 2-3 months …
Effect of simulated microgravity on the virulence properties of the opportunistic bacterial pathogen Staphylococcus aureus

Extended manned space flight will result in a diminution of immune status and cause profound changes in the human bacterial microbiota, leading to increased risk of infection. Experiments conducted during short-term flight suggest that growth in microgravity leads to increases in bacterial antibiotic resistance and to cell wall changes. Growth under low-shear modelled microgravity (LSMMG) indicated that a reduced gravitational field acts as an environmental signal for expression of enhanced bacterial virulence in Gram-negative pathogens. We examined the effect of simulated microgravity on parameters of virulence in clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus. Three strains were grown under LSMMG in a High Aspect Ratio Vessel and compared with cells grown under normal gravity (NG) in the same vessel. There were no significant differences in the antibiotic susceptibility, growth rate or morphology of staphylococci grown under LSMMG compared to NG. LSMMG-induced reductions in synthesis of the pigment staphyloxanthin were noted. Strains secreted less protein under LSMMG and reductions in haemolysin secretion were found. Reduced expression of the major virulence determinant "-toxin in the microgravity environment was found by gene amplification. Thus, in contrast to published data on Gram-negative pathogens, simulated microgravity reduces the expression of key virulence determinants of S. aureus.
Early Years Learning (EYL) and embodiment: a Bersteinian analysis

This thesis is concerned with developing our understandings and knowledge of children within Early Years Learning (EYL) and the importance of movement and play in processes of social class and cultural (re)production. The ways in which parents from different social classes are involved and invest in their children s education and physical activity have been researched quite extensively. This research therefore looks at the nature of transactions and interactions within EYL settings and the influence social class and parental investment has on children s embodiment, knowledge construction and learner identities. The study pays particular attention to how social inequalities are produced and reproduced within EYL through differences in its organisation, curriculum structures, pedagogical interactions and transactions. Data were collected over a ten month period of sustained critical ethnography in three socially and culturally diverse EYL settings in central England through observations and informal conversations. The collected data were first analysed ethnographically to determine the organising categories and concepts of the setting, while second order analyses brought into to play the researcher s sociological interests in questions of equity, social reproduction and control, imposing another layer of questions on the study. A Bernsteinian theoretical lens was adopted to interrogate the transactions within EYL settings in relation to power and control, while those of others (namely habitus , physical capital and the corporeal device - pace Bourdieu, Shilling, Evans and Davies respectively) were used to embellish such understandings and bring processes of embodiment to the fore. The findings illustrate the complexity of the discourses and practices that children negotiate when re-contextualising knowledge and constructing their learner identities within EYL settings. They also reveal how children learn about their own and others bodies through the various forms of play that feature in EYL settings and that these processes are profoundly class related. At the heart of the thesis lies the claim that extant social class hierarchies and ability differences are sustained rather than eroded or lessened through the structure, organisation and transactions of EYL settings. Finally, recommendations are made as to how UK Government policy relating to EYL might begin to promote pedagogies that enhance the potential for greater social mobility in the UK.
Role of protein kinase C in glial cell proliferation

Phorbol 12‐myristate 13‐acetate (PMA) has been shown to stimulate DNA synthesis and cell proliferation in a population of glial cells isolated from newborn rat brain. The non‐tumor promoter 4α‐phorbol 12,13‐didecanoate (4α‐PDD), on the other hand, was without an effect. The cultures treated with PMA displayed an extensive process formation and an increase in cell content. The tumor promoter‐induced [3H]thymidine incorporation into acid‐precipitable material was completely blocked by 1‐(5‐isoquinolinylsulfonyl)‐2‐methylpiperazine (H‐7), a potent inhibitor of protein kinase C (PKC), thereby suggesting a role for PKC in the control of DNA synthesis in glial cells. Subcellular fractionation and in vitro assay of PKC activity revealed a translocation of the enzyme from cytosol to particulate fraction in PMA‐treated cultures.
Antiviral Effect of Methylated Flavonol Isorhamnetin against Influenza

Influenza is an infectious respiratory disease with frequent seasonal epidemics that causes a high rate of mortality and morbidity in humans, poultry, and animals. Influenza is a serious economic concern due to the costly countermeasures it necessitates. In this study, we compared the antiviral activities of several flavonols and other flavonoids with similar, but distinct, hydroxyl or methyl substitution patterns at the 3, 3′, and 4′ positions of the 15-carbon flavonoid skeleton, and found that the strongest antiviral effect was induced by isorhamnetin. Similar to quercetin and kaempferol, isorhamnetin possesses a hydroxyl group on the C ring, but it has a 3′-methyl group on the B ring that is absent in quercetin and kaempferol. Co-treatment and pre-treatment with isorhamnetin produced a strong antiviral effect against the influenza virus A/PR/08/34(H1N1). However, isorhamnetin showed the most potent antiviral potency when administered after viral exposure (post-treatment method) in vitro. Isorhamnetin treatment reduced virus-induced ROS generation and blocked cytoplasmic lysosome acidification and the lipidation of microtubule associated protein1 light chain 3-B (LC3B). Oral administration of isorhamnetin in mice infected with the influenza A virus significantly decreased lung virus titer by 2 folds, increased the survival rate which ranged from 70–80%, and decreased body weight loss by 25%. In addition, isorhamnetin decreased the virus titer in ovo using embryonated chicken eggs. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) of isorhamnetin could explain its strong anti-influenza virus potency; the methyl group located on the B ring of isorhamnetin may contribute to its strong antiviral potency against influenza virus in comparison with other flavonoids.
The use, role and application of advanced technology in the lives of disabled people in the UK

Disabled people are excited by the potential benefits of using advanced technologies at home. However, many devices are abandoned early and lie unused. This research project aimed to explore why this happens, what the users of such technologies require, how advanced technologies can rise to the challenges of flexibility and user choice, which applications enhance independence and improve quality of life and what the barriers are to take‐up and future utilization. It was found that disabled people wish to use advanced technology to increase independence in and beyond home but the cost of both mainstream and ‘specialist’ devices are prohibitive. The role of advanced technology should be to enhance independence and provide mainstream solutions that disabled people request, rather than designing and engineering ‘specialist’ expensive products. Furthermore, the application of advanced technology for use in the home should be directed by disabled people, collectively and individually.
Group Schema Therapy for Eating Disorders: A Pilot Study

This paper describes the use of Group Schema Therapy for Eating Disorders (ST-E-g) in a case series of eight participants with chronic eating disorders and high levels of co-morbidity. Treatment was comprised of 20 sessions which included cognitive, experiential, and interpersonal strategies, with an emphasis on behavioral change. Specific schema-based strategies focused on bodily felt-sense and body-image, as well as emotional regulation skills. Six attended until end of treatment, two dropped-out at mid-treatment. Eating disorder severity, global schema severity, shame, and anxiety levels were reduced between pre- and post-therapy, with a large effect size at follow-up. Clinically significant improvement in eating severity was found in four out of six completers. Group completers showed a mean reduction in schema severity of 43% at post-treatment, and 59% at follow-up. By follow-up, all completers had achieved over 60% improvement in schema severity. Self-report feedback suggests that group factors may catalyze the change process in schema therapy by increasing perceptions of support and encouragement to take risks and try out new behaviors, whilst providing a de-stigmatizing and de-shaming therapeutic experience.
Short Scales – Five Misunderstandings and Ways to Overcome Them

What do we know about short psychological scales? The idea for this special issue of the Journal of Individual Differences was born out of a common interest in short scales, defined as scales measuring a specific psychological construct with fewer than, say, 10 items. All editors of this special issue were recently either active in short scale construction themselves (Kemper, Beierlein, Kovaleva, & Rammstedt, 2013; Ziegler, Kemper, & Rammstedt, 2013) or evaluated the current status of short scales in the field (Kemper, Brahler, & Zenger, 2013; Kruyen, Emons, & Sijtsma, 2012, 2013a, 2013b, 2014). Based on discussions with other scientists about the challenges and caveats of short scales, they felt a strong need to share contemporary issues regarding short scales with a broader scientific audience. This special issue brings together a variety of researchers who have approached the topic of short scales from different angles. It is our ambition to resolve some misunderstandings and open questions regarding the construction, psychometric quality, and use of short scales by bringing together methodological, statistical, and constructionoriented perspectives. We aim at contributing to an ongoing debate regarding the utility as well as caveats concerning the use of short scales for the measurement of individual differences. At the same time we hope to dispel some existing misunderstandings.
Unstirred layer and kinetics of electrogenic glucose absorption in the human jejunum in situ

Using an electrical technique we estimated the thickness of the unstirred layer in the human jejunum during kinetic studies of electrogenic glucose absorption. The unstirred layer in seven healthy volunteers (632 ± 24 μm: mean ± SEM) was significantly thicker than in 10 patients with active coeliac disease (442 ± 23 μm) but not significantly different in seven patients who had responded to treatment by gluten withdrawal (585 ± 49 μm). There were similar differences in the values of `Apparent Km' for electrogenic glucose absorption between healthy control subjects (36 ± 6 mM) active coeliac patients (11 ± 1 mM) and treated coeliac patients (31 ± 5 mM). The changes in PDmax however, showed a different pattern. The PDmax in the active coeliac group (6·8 ± 0·7 mV) was lower than in controls (7·6 ± 0·6 mV) but not significantly so, while the PDmax in the treated coeliac group (10·6 ± 0·9 mV) was significantly higher than in both the active coeliac and control groups. It should be noted that both operational kinetic parameters obtained in the present study are much lower than those obtained previously (Read et al., 1976b) because of the use of siphonage. Analysis of the results using a computer simulation indicates that the reduction in Apparent Km in active coeliac disease can be caused by the interaction of the decreased maximal absorption rate for glucose (Jmax) with the attenuated unstirred layer. In these circumstances it is not necessary to postulate any change in the affinity of the transport mechanism for glucose (`Real Km'). It is remarkable that the disease process produces an Apparent Km which is much closer to the Real Km than that found in health.
A Dramatherapy Intervention to Bullying in Elementary Schools: Bully? A Role to Be or Not to Be.

Over the past few decades, a great deal of research has been conducted on bullying and even though research continues, bullying is still a large problem in many of today's societies. An evaluation of the literature suggests that a whole-school-approach intervention program is most beneficial in the elementary school years (Beale, 2001; Gordon & Green, 2008; Hervey & Kornblum, 2006; Olweus, 1994). This overview of the vast literature and research, contributed to the creation of a program that can be implemented in the school system. It has been suggested throughout the literature, that the use of role-play can be a valuable tool in the struggle against bullying (Beale, 2001; DeRosier, 2004; Hervey & Kornblum, 2006). Therefore, the focus of this study will be on using Dramatherapy as a role based approach, to the ever-present problem of bullying in the school system (Kellermann, 1992; Landy, 2008)