Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Convergence of Medicine and Neurotoxins: A Focus on Botulinum Toxin Type A and Its Application in Aesthetic Medicine—A Global, Evidence‐Based Botulinum Toxin Consensus Education Initiative: Part II: Incorporating Botulinum Toxin into Aesthetic Clinical Practice

Background The new world of safe aesthetic injectables has become increasingly popular with patients. Not only is there less risk than with surgery, but there is also significantly less downtime to interfere with patients' normal work and social schedules. Botulinum toxin (BoNT) type A (BoNTA) is an indispensable tool used in aesthetic medicine, and its broad appeal has made it a hallmark of modern culture. The key to using BoNTA to its best effect is to understand patient‐specific factors that will determine the treatment plan and the physician's ability to personalize injection strategies. Objectives To present international expert viewpoints and consensus on some of the contemporary best practices in aesthetic BoNTA, so that beginner and advanced injectors may find pearls that provide practical benefits. Methods and Materials Expert aesthetic physicians convened to discuss their approaches to treatment with BoNT. The discussions and consensus from this meeting were used to provide an up‐to‐date review of treatment strategies to improve patient results. Information is presented on patient management and assessment, documentation and consent, aesthetic scales, injection strategies, dilution, dosing, and adverse events. conclusion A range of product‐ and patient‐specific factors influence the treatment plan. Truly optimized outcomes are possible only when the treating physician has the requisite knowledge, experience, and vision to use BoNTA as part of a unique solution for each patient's specific needs.
God and the Just World: Causal and Coping Attributions to God in Health Situations

Health-related situations pose a particular challenge to the need to find justice, meaning and control in life. This study points to the rich and varied ways that attributions to God are integrated into attempts to maintain meaningful views of the world and to cope with the world. A sample of 124 undergraduates was presented with four health-related situations depicting responsible or irresponsible behavior followed by a positive or negative outcome. They then responded to causal and coping attribution items. As predicted, attributions to God's will, God's love and God's anger were greater in noncontingent/unjust, positive outcome, and negative outcome situations respectively. Attributions to God's will appeared to represent a benign, external, alternative explanation to chance attributions. The results also support the view that people turn to God for help in coping more commonly as a source of support during stress than as a moral guide or as an antidote to an unjust world. Generally, these findings underscore the need for further integration of religious concepts into the general attribution and coping literatures.
Learning hand-eye coordination for robotic grasping with deep learning and large-scale data collection

We describe a learning-based approach to hand-eye coordination for robotic grasping from monocular images. To learn hand-eye coordination for grasping, we trained a large convolutional neural network to predict the probability that task-space motion of the gripper will result in successful grasps, using only monocular camera images independent of camera calibration or the current robot pose. This requires the network to observe the spatial relationship between the gripper and objects in the scene, thus learning hand-eye coordination. We then use this network to servo the gripper in real time to achieve successful grasps. We describe two large-scale experiments that we conducted on two separate robotic platforms. In the first experiment, about 800,000 grasp attempts were collected over the course of two months, using between 6 and 14 robotic manipulators at any given time, with differences in camera placement and gripper wear and tear. In the second experiment, we used a different robotic platform and 8 robots to collect a dataset consisting of over 900,000 grasp attempts. The second robotic platform was used to test transfer between robots, and the degree to which data from a different set of robots can be used to aid learning. Our experimental results demonstrate that our approach achieves effective real-time control, can successfully grasp novel objects, and corrects mistakes by continuous servoing. Our transfer experiment also illustrates that data from different robots can be combined to learn more reliable and effective grasping.
HIV Disease Progression in Seroconvertors from the CAPRISA 004 Tenofovir Gel Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Trial

Background:Although antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis prevents HIV acquisition, it is not known if it alters HIV disease progression. This study assesses whether tenofovir gel impacted on disease progression among CAPRISA 004 microbicide trial seroconvertors. Methods:Eighty-three seroconvertors from the tenofovir and placebo gel arms of the CAPRISA 004 trial were monitored prospectively for a minimum of 2 years by CD4 count and viral load (VL). Linear mixed models were fitted to HIV VL, and log rank test was used to compare time to reach CD4 counts of <350 cells per microliter. Results:Median 2-week postinfection VL was 4.74 and 4.45 log copies per milliliter in women assigned to tenofovir gel (n = 32) and placebo gel (n = 51) (P = 0.189). Corresponding 12-month postinfection VLs were 4.24 and 3.70 log copies per milliliter (P = 0.016). After adjusting for clinical and behavioral characteristics and protective HLA alleles, mean VLs within the first 2 years were 4.51 and 4.02 log copies per milliliter in women from the tenofovir and placebo arms (P = 0.013). Among women with vaginal tenofovir measurements, mean VLs were 4.53 and 4.60 log copies per milliliter in those with detectable versus undetectable levels (P = 0.840). Overall mean CD4 counts were 463 and 514 cells per microliter in women assigned to tenofovir and placebo (P = 0.290). Thirty-two women (38.6%) reached CD4 counts of <350 cells per microliter at median 9.4 months postinfection, 13 (40.6%) from the tenofovir and 19 (37.3%) from the placebo arms (P = 0.786). Conclusions:Tenofovir gel had no impact on postinfection CD4 counts or the rate of CD4 decline. Although seroconvertors from the tenofovir arm experienced higher VLs, this did not result in a need for earlier antiretroviral therapy.
EFFECTS OF HIGH-FREQUENCY ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELDS ON HUMAN EEG: A BRAIN MAPPING STUDY

Cell phones emitting pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic fields (EMF) may affect the human brain, but there are inconsistent results concerning their effects on electroencephalogram (EEG). We used a 16-channel telemetric electroencephalograph (ExpertTM), to record EEG changes during exposure of human skull to EMF emitted by a mobile phone. Spatial distribution of EMF was especially concentrated around the ipsilateral eye adjacent to the basal surface of the brain. Traditional EEG was full of noises during operation of a cellular phone. Using a telemetric electroencephalograph (ExpertTM) in awake subjects, all the noise was eliminated, and EEG showed interesting changes: after a period of 10-15 s there was no visible change, the spectrum median frequency increased in areas close to antenna; after 20-40 s, a slow-wave activity (2.5-6.0 Hz) appeared in the contralateral frontal and temporal areas. These slow waves lasting for about one second repeated every 15-20 s at the same recording electrodes. After turning off the mobile phone, slow-wave activity progressively disappeared; local changes such as increased median frequency decreased and disappeared after 15-20 min. We observed similar changes in children, but the slow-waves with higher amplitude appeared earlier in children (10-20 s) than adults, and their frequency was lower (1.0-2.5 Hz) with longer duration and shorter intervals. The results suggested that cellular phones may reversibly influence the human brain, inducing abnormal slow waves in EEG of awake persons.
Co-design of an antenna-power amplifier RF front-end block without matching network for 2.4 GHz WiFi application

A co-design of an antenna-Power Amplifier (PA) block in RF front-end module is presented. This technique enables the direct integration of PA and antenna without any matching circuits and helps to reduce the loss, power consumption and overall size of the RF front-end modules without affecting the efficiency of the PA. For first two harmonics the impedance matching between the PA and antenna is achieved by utilizing a capacitively coupled feeding mechanism which controls the input impedance of the antenna. By using this integration technique a Class-B PA operating at 2.4 GHz provides a maximum efficiency of 62% which is similar to the performance with the additional matching circuit. Also the design methodology of the antenna is reported. The antenna provides an axial beam with a maximum gain of 6.5 dBi and has a radiation efficiency of 85%.
Patterns, determinants and models of woody plant diversity in China

What determines large-scale patterns of species richness remains one of the most controversial issues in ecology. Using the distribution maps of 11 405 woody species in China, we compared the effects of habitat heterogeneity, human activities and different aspects of climate, particularly environmental energy, water–energy dynamics and winter frost, and explored how biogeographic affinities (tropical versus temperate) influence richness–climate relationships. We found that the species richness of trees, shrubs, lianas and all woody plants strongly correlated with each other, and more strongly correlated with the species richness of tropical affinity than with that of temperate affinity. The mean temperature of the coldest quarter was the strongest predictor of species richness, and its explanatory power for species richness was significantly higher for tropical affinity than for temperate affinity. These results suggest that the patterns of woody species richness mainly result from the increasing intensity of frost filtering for tropical species from the equator/lowlands towards the poles/highlands, and hence support the freezing-tolerance hypothesis. A model based on these results was developed, which explained 76–85% of species richness variation in China, and reasonably predicted the species richness of woody plants in North America and the Northern Hemisphere.
A US model for inclusion of disabled students in higher education settings: The social model of disability and Universal Design

At a time when the consumer-student is choosing an education based on value-for-money, disabled students will want to know that they have been considered in the campus design and included in the approach to learning. The new discourse of inclusion coming from disability service providers in higher education (HE) in the US centres on a 'universal design' (UD) approach. The cutting edge of service provision in the US focuses on incorporating the philosophy of the social model of disability and the tool for implementing it: universal design. Service providers are beginning to call themselves 'resource centres'; resources for students but also faculty, advising and collaborating on instructional methods that design students with disabilities into the classroom instead of directing them to write exams and receive accommodations in a separate location.
Automatically Recommending Triage Decisions for Pragmatic Reuse Tasks

Planning a complex software modification task imposes a high cognitive burden on developers, who must juggle navigating the software, understanding what they see with respect to their task, and deciding how their task should be performed given what they have discovered. Pragmatic reuse tasks, where source code is reused in a white-box fashion, is an example of a complex and error-prone modification task: the developer must plan out which portions of a system to reuse, extract the code, and integrate it into their own system. In this paper we present a recommendation system that automates some aspects of the planning process undertaken by developers during pragmatic reuse tasks. In a retroactive evaluation, we demonstrate that our technique was able to provide the correct recommendation 64% of the time and was incorrect 25% of the time. Our case study suggests that developer investigative behaviour is positively influenced by the use of the recommendation system.
FMPC: a fast implementation of model predictive control

Abstract In this paper, Set Membership functions estimation methodology is employed in the approximation of a given predictive control law. This is obtained via the evaluation of an approximating function with a desired level of accuracy, fulfilling input and/or state constraint and whose computational time is independent on the MPC control horizon. Then, as the control computation is simply reduced to the evaluation of a static non linear function, the computational time are significantly reduced leading to a “Fast” Model Predictive Control implementation (FMPC). The application to a semi-active suspension control design will show the properties of the proposed methodology.
Assessment of Occupational Burnout in United States Air Force Predator/Reaper “Drone” Operators

This study investigates the self-reported levels of occupational burnout among 1,094 U.S. Air Force drone operators stationed within the borders of the United States who are supporting a wide range of around-the-clock military surveillance and weapons strike missions across the globe. Data were gathered from a Web-based survey of demographic items and the Maslach Burnout Inventory assessing the facets of occupational burnout (exhaustion, cynicism, and professional efficacy). The overall survey response rate was 49%. Approximately 20% reported high levels of exhaustion, and 11% reported high levels of cynicism, but only 3% reported low levels of professional efficacy. Predictors of exhaustion, as well as between group differences, were identified along with recommendations for performance improvement and mitigating risks to safety.
Academic Achievement Among Recently Arrived Chinese Adolescent Migrants: The Role of Social Support, School Belonging, and Acculturative Stress

Factors contributing to academic achievement among recently arrived Chinese adolescents in Australia remain relatively underexplored. Previous studies focused on Asian migrants, including Chinese, but did not distinguish Chinese from other Asian migrants. The current study specifically looks at Chinese migrants who have recently arrived, as opposed to Asian migrants. This study aims to explore the role of social support, school belonging, and acculturative stress on academic achievement of recently arrived Chinese adolescents (n = 55). Questionnaires were administered to this sample. The results indicated that school belonging, interestingly, was negatively associated with academic achievement. Perceived social support and acculturative stress were not significantly associated with academic achievement. The findings provide insights into risk and protective factors influencing academic achievement of Chinese migrants. Implications of the findings are discussed.
Branch-and-Price-and-Cut for the Vehicle Routing and Truck Driver Scheduling Problem

Many governments worldwide have imposed hours of service regulations for truck drivers to ensure that break and rest periods are regularly taken. Transport companies have to take these into account and plan the routes and schedules of their truck drivers simultaneously. This problem is called vehicle routing and truck driver scheduling problem (VRTDSP). With their paper “An exact method for vehicle routing and truck driver scheduling problems” [Technical Report No. 33, Jacobs University, School of Engineering and Science, Bremen, Germany] Goel and Irnich presented the ? rst exact approach to the VRTDSP.They include hours of service regulations in a vehicle routing problem with time windows and use a branch-and-price algorithm to solve it. The main contribution of the paper at hand is to present a sophisticated branch-and-price-and-cut algorithm for the VRTDSP that is based on the parameter-free auxiliary network and the resource extension functions (REFs) de? ned in the work of Goel and Irnich. Their labeling algorithm is extended by means of de? ning backward REFs in order to build a bidirectional labeling. Feasible routes are constructed by a non-trivial merge procedure. Di? erent acceleration techniques are used to speed up the solution process of the pricing problem. In addition, several classes of known valid inequalities are used to further strengthen the LP-relaxation of the master program. We present a detailed computational study to analyze the impact of the di? erent techniques. The resulting algorithm is able to solve all VRTDSP benchmark instances with 25 customers and 44 out of 56 instances with 50 customers in two hours of computation time to proven optimality.
Taurolidine Specifically Inhibits Growth of Neuroblastoma Cell Lines In Vitro

Background: Neuroblastoma is a common pediatric solid tumor with poor outcome for metastatic disease. Thus, novel therapeutic options are of main interest. The anti-neoplastic properties of taurolidine have been demonstrated on a variety of human cancer cells. However, data on neuroblastoma is lacking. Therefore, our aim was to evaluate the effect of taurolidine on growth of neuroblastoma cell lines. Materials and Methods: Neuroblastoma SK-N-BE(2)-M17 and SK-N-SH cells and nonmalignant human umbilical vein endothelial cells as controls were incubated with increasing concentrations of taurolidine (100, 250, 500 µM). Cell growth was examined after 12, 24, and 48 hours of exposure. Results: Inhibition of cell growth by taurolidine was seen in both malignant cell lines. When compared with human umbilical vein endothelial cells, the neuroblastoma cell lines were significantly more responsive to taurolidine. Conclusions: The observed negative impact on cell growth, highly distinctive in SK-N-BE(2)-M17 and SK-N-SH, implies a taurolidine-specific mode of action that appears dependent on differences on cellular and molecular level. Further investigations are warranted to evaluate its mechanism and probable clinical use.
Cognitive strategy use to enhance motor skill acquisition post-stroke: A critical review

Objective: The objective of this critical review was to examine the literature regarding the use of cognitive strategies to acquire motor skills in people who have had a stroke, to determine which strategies are in use and to compile evidence of their effectiveness. Search terms: A computerized search of a range of databases was conducted using the following search terms: stroke, cerebrovascular accident; combined with strategy training, learning strateg*, cognitive strateg*, metacognitive strateg*, goal setting, goal planning, goal attainment, goal direct*, goal orient*, self talk, imagery, mental practice, self evaluat*, ready*, attentional focus*, problem solv*, goal management; combined with motor, mobility, activit*, skill, task, function, ADL. Results: Twenty-six articles were reviewed. Seven studies investigated general cognitive strategies and 19 investigated task-specific strategies. The most commonly studied task-specific strategy was motor imagery. Findings suggest that general strategy training improves performance in both trained and untrained activities compared to traditional therapy; and that a specific motor imagery protocol can improve mobility and recovery in the affected upper extremity in people living with the chronic effects of stroke. Conclusion: This foundational evidence supports the further development of novel cognitive strategy-based interventions with the intention of improving long-term stroke outcomes.
Influence of Shape Design of MEMS (Micro-Cantilever Based Sensor) on High-Sensitivity

In this paper, a novel analysis was carried out on the biosensor microcantilevers in order to increase the sensitivity of a micro- cantilever based biosensor piezoresistive. Holes were made and compared with the basic rectangular (R), triangular (T), and step(S) profile cantilever. Effect of changing the micro-cantilevers profile and its cross-section shape was investigated. A finite element ANSYS was used to analyze these models. The micro-cantilevers are made of silicon with elastic modulus 130Gpa and poisson’s ratio 0.28. Several cases were studied by making one, two and three holes in each biosensor piezoresistive micro-cantilevers (rectangular (R), triangular (T), and step(S) profile cantilever). Results showed that triangular micro-cantilever with two holes (T22) has the better sensitivity, also showed T12 respectively 61.7% and 65% higher sensitivity than R12, S12.
Overkill? An Examination of Comparatively Excessive Death Sentences in North Carolina, 1990–2010

This study examines death/life capital sentences in one southern state, North Carolina, during the period 1990 to 2010 to determine the extent to which they are comparatively excessive/lenient. The study employs data derived from a variety of official sources on the population of capital trials in the state during this timeframe and follows the analytic techniques developed by David Baldus and his colleagues and by Paternoster and Kazyaka in their studies of comparative excessiveness in capital sentencing in California, Georgia, and South Carolina, respectively. The results show a substantial number of death sentences that meet the standard for excessiveness, but the data also show a nearly equal number of life sentences that may be deemed too lenient. The implications of these findings are discussed.
Normal Homicides and the Law

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