Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Annotating Relations to Events in Bioscience Abstracts

Molecular events are central to molecular biology. An important type of event is the interaction between proteins. PML interacts with Tif1alpha (10610177) 1 is a clause that denotes such an interaction. The written language of molecular biology contains discussions of such interactions, their precursers, their ramifications, evidence for them, etc. In the work reported on here, we focus on relations between such protein interactions and other elements. We annotated relations between such clauses and syntactic units either preceeding or following them. We focused on marking text coherency relations, using the inventory of coherency relations discussed in (Kehler, 2002). We discuss how such discourse-level information aids the automatic construction of molecular pathway representations, features of our data set, the discourse annotation exercise we performed, and ways of automating the extraction of such discourse-level information from bioscience literature. All examples in the paper are from abstracts available at the Nation Library of Medicine PubMed webpage (currently http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/PubMed/). The PubMed identifier is provided following each sentence and searching for this number as a key word will retrieve the corresponding abstract.
Some California Penutian Morphological Elements

I I wish to thank Lyle Campbell, Victor Golla, Alice Schlichter, and Michael Silverstein for their comments on an earlier draft of this article. There is an extensive literature on comparative California Penutian, including Dixon and Kroeber (1919), Shafer (1947; 1952), Pitkin and Shipley (1958), Broadbent and Pitkin (1964), Silverstein (1975), and Golla (1980). A number of the reconstructions proposed here are based on comparisons made in those articles. 2 When no reference is given, forms are from the following sources: Sierra Miwok, Freeland (1951), Freeland and Broadbent (1960), Broadbent (1964); Lake Miwok, Freeland (1947), Callaghan (1965); Bodega Miwok, Callaghan (1970); Mutsun, Okrand (1977); Yokuts dialects, Newman (1944), Wikchamni also Gamble (1978); Maidu, Shipley (1963; 1964); Konkow, Ultan (1964); Auburn Nisenan, Smith (1977); Forest Home Nisenan, Uldall and Shipley (1966); Wintu, Pitkin (1963), Schlichter (1981); Patwin, Whistler (1977a). A few Chukchansi forms are taken from my own field notes. I have used the original spelling with the following exceptions. The palatal glide sometimes written j in Miwok and Maiduan is here written y. For the mid unrounded vowel of Sierra Miwok I write i. I have used a raised dot to indicate length. For Yokuts I follow the orthography of Gamble (1978). Note that "Maiduan" and "Wintuan" are used here as names of families in contrast to "Maidu" and "Wintu," which are individual languages belonging to those families. Forms designated "Nisenan" are attested in both the Auburn and Forest Home dialects.
Redisplacement of Diaphyseal Fractures of the Forearm After Closed Reduction in Children: A Retrospective Analysis of Risk Factors

Objectives: Manipulation and plaster fixation is the primary management for diaphyseal fractures of the radius and/or ulna in children. This study was designed to evaluate risk factors of fracture redisplacement after closed reduction and cast immobilization. Design: Retrospective study. Setting: Tertiary hospital. Patients: Fifty-seven children with fractures of the radius were included. Intervention: The medical records of patients with/without ulna treated with closed reduction and casting were reviewed. Main Outcome Measures: Data analyzed were age, sex, dominant hand, fracture pattern, reduction quality, experience of the surgeon, and type of anesthesia. Logistic regression was used for multivariate analysis. Results: There were 41 (71.9%) males and 16 (28.1%) females with a mean age of 9.74 ± 3.07 years. There were 53 radius fractures and 54 ulna fractures, and 22 subjects experienced redisplacement. The redisplacement rate of radius fractures was 34% and of ulnar fractures was 27.8%. Multivariate analysis showed that the factors associated with redisplacement of radius fractures were fair reduction quality [odds ratio (OR), 8.45] and complete fracture (OR 9.62) and those for redisplacement of ulna fractures were fair reduction quality (OR 8.10) and complete fracture (OR 8.43). Conclusions: Poorer reduction and complete fracture are more likely to result in redisplacement, and surgical management may be considered in these cases.
The Differential Interaction of Auditory and Visual Advertising Elements with Chinese and English

Multimedia advertisements often contain nonverbal auditory elements, such as music and sound effects, and nonverbal visual elements, such as images and logos. On the one hand, these elements can have the unintended negative effect of interfering with the processing of the verbal ad copy. Two experiments demonstrate that auditory elements interfere more with the learning of and cognitive responding to English ad copy than with Chinese ad copy, and vice versa for visual elements. On the other hand, auditory and visual elements have the intended positive effect of facilitating ad copy recall when they are reinstated as part of an integrated marketing campaign or as a recall cue in an advertising tracking study. A third experiment demonstrates that auditory elements are better retrieval cues for English than for Chinese ad copy, and vice versa for visual elements. The authors discuss implications of these cross-linguistic differences for the effective design of multimedia communications, integrated marketing campaigns, advertising tracking studies, and cross-cultural research.
Left Atrial Volume: A Powerful Predictor of Survival After Acute Myocardial Infarction

Background—After acute myocardial infarction (AMI), diastolic function assessed by Doppler echocardiography provides important prognostic information that is incremental to systolic function. However, Doppler variables are affected by multiple factors and may change rapidly. In contrast, left atrial (LA) volume is less influenced by acute changes and reflects subacute or chronic diastolic function. This may be of importance when one assesses risk in patients with AMI. Methods and Results—Three hundred fourteen patients with AMI who had a transthoracic echocardiogram with assessment of left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic function and measurement of LA volume during admission were identified. The LA volume was corrected for body surface area, and the population was divided according to LA volume index of 32 mL/m2 (2 SDs above normal). LA volume index was >32 mL/m2 in 142 (45%). The primary study end point was all-cause mortality. During follow-up of 15 (range 0 to 33) months, 46 patients (15%) died. LA volume index was a powerful predictor of mortality and remained an independent predictor (hazard ratio 1.05 per 1-mL/m2 change, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.06, P <0.001) after adjustment for clinical factors, LV systolic function, and Doppler-derived parameters of diastolic function. Conclusions—Increased LA volume index is a powerful predictor of mortality after AMI and provides prognostic information incremental to clinical data and conventional measures of LV systolic and diastolic function.
Long-Range Effect on the Curie Temperature of Ferroelectric Films

In this paper, the Curie temperature of ferroelectric films is studied using spin-1/2 transverse Ising model with long-range interaction within the framework of the effective-field theory. The dependence of the Curie temperature on the thickness of the film, the surface interaction and the transverse field were investigated. It is assumed that the long-range interaction decays with the distance between the pseudo-spins as a power law. The dependence of the Curie temperature and the critical transverse field on the long-range exponent are obtained.
Parents, Power, and the Reform of Mathematics Education

Recent education reform recommendations call for increased parental involvement and the promotion of partnerships between schools and communities. However, many of the reports and documents containing these recommendations speak to parents and educators in vague terms that do not identify a clear role for parents to play in their children's education. Moreover, much of the research regarding parent involvement is deficient in breadth and devoid of content; this is especially true regarding parental involvement in secondary mathematics education. This article explores the role of parents in three urban high schools engaged in the reform of mathematics education. In particular, mathematics teachers' perceptions of parents and parents' perceptions of their children's mathematics education are examined. While paying attention to issues of power; it is argued that at all three of these high schools, parents are involved in the reform of mathematics education in a limited and passive fashion.
Analysis of DPA Countermeasures Based on Randomizing the Binary Algorithm

One of the major threats to the security of cryptosystems nowadays is the information leaked through side channels. For instance, power analysis attacks have been successfully mounted on cryptosystems embedded into small devices such as smart cards. In the recent past, several DPA countermeasures have been proposed. Among these, two countermeasures, one proposed by Oswald and Aigner in [27] and the other by Ha and Moon in [11], are based on inserting random decisions throughout the execution of algorithms that are used to compute the elliptic curve (EC) scalar multiplication using a redundant binary signed digit (BSD) representation of the scalar. One important advantage of these two algorithms is that a recoded scalar does not need to be stored. In this report, we investigate the effect of these countermeasures on the execution paths taken by the scalar multiplication algorithms and their average computational complexity. This enables us to present a comparison of these two countermeasures.
Group differences in post‐merger stress

Mergers and acquisitions (M&A) are popular business strategies and have been on the increase in recent years. The present study investigated post‐merger stress in a sample of field sales employees from a recently merged organisation. A survey methodology was utilised to examine group differences, comparing those from the two pre‐merger companies and those new to the merged organisation. Results revealed that group differences in both sources and effects of stress existed. Those from the dominant pre‐merger company reported the highest stress levels and most negative work attitudes. Results were discussed in relation to previous research. It was concluded that group differences in response to large‐scale organisational change are prevalent and the group context of the situation should be recognised and explored by managers in change situations.
A Cross-Cultural Study of Personality: Israel and England

688 men and 362 women were given the 101-item version of the Adult Eysenck Personality Questionnaire which had been translated into Hebrew. Factor comparisons indicated that identical factors of Psychoticism, Extraversion, Neuroticism, and Social Desirability were observed in Israeli data. Reliabilities were satisfactorily high for all factors except Psychoticism which was rather weak. Means showed the usual sex differences, with men scoring higher than women on Psychoticism and Extraversion but lower on Neuroticism and Lie scales. Cross-cultural comparisons of means, computed on reduced scoring keys containing only items in common, indicated that Israeli subjects (both sexes) scored higher than the British ones on Extraversion and Lie scales but lower on Psychoticism and Neuroticism scales.
Self-Calibration of Turntable Sequences from Silhouettes

This paper addresses the problem of recovering both the intrinsic and extrinsic parameters of a camera from the silhouettes of an object in a turntable sequence. Previous silhouette-based approaches have exploited correspondences induced by epipolar tangents to estimate the image invariants under turntable motion and achieved a weak calibration of the cameras. It is known that the fundamental matrix relating any two views in a turntable sequence can be expressed explicitly in terms of the image invariants, the rotation angle, and a fixed scalar. It will be shown that the imaged circular points for the turntable plane can also be formulated in terms of the same image invariants and fixed scalar. This allows the imaged circular points to be recovered directly from the estimated image invariants, and provide constraints for the estimation of the imaged absolute conic. The camera calibration matrix can thus be recovered. A robust method for estimating the fixed scalar from image triplets is introduced, and a method for recovering the rotation angles using the estimated imaged circular points and epipoles is presented. Using the estimated camera intrinsics and extrinsics, a Euclidean reconstruction can be obtained. Experimental results on real data sequences are presented, which demonstrate the high precision achieved by the proposed method.
Using Spatial Data to Explore Landholder Awareness and Concern about Dryland Salinity

This paper draws upon research in Victoria's Goulburn Broken Catchment exploring landholder responses to dryland salinity. It has been assumed that part of the explanation for limited adoption of recommended practices was that landholders were unaware of the extent of dryland salinity. Socio-economic data from a mail survey was combined in a Geographic Information System (GIS) with other layers, including the location of discharge sites and depth to saline ground water. Comparisons of expert maps and landholder identified salinity sites suggested that landholders in the upper catchment had excellent knowledge of the current extent of salinity on their property. At the same time, the expert maps failed to predict half of the saline-affected sites identified by landholders. It seems that the extensive community education effort undertaken in this region had been successful in raising salinity awareness. Our research also highlighted that most landholders were not concerned about the impacts of dryland salinity and appear to believe they can 'live with salt'. This is an important issue because the small, diffused amounts of salt exported from these properties in the upper catchment are/will have a substantial impact downstream. The research methodology and findings have important policy and management implications, and these are discussed.
Bed properties of Siple Dome and adjacent ice streams, West Antarctica, inferred from radio-echo sounding measurements

Abstract We have used ground-based radio-echo sounding (RES) profiles to reveal the spatial distribution of basal and internal ice properties across Siple Dome, West Antarctica, and under the dormant ice streams on its flanks. The RES-detected bed-reflection power, corrected for the effects of instrumentation and ice-thickness variation, is nearly constant across Siple Dome at a value suggesting spatially homogeneous basal properties of ice frozen to bedrock. Till, if present under the dome, must be thin (<0.1 m). The high basal reflectivity measured under now dormant “Siple Ice Stream” (SIS) and Ice Stream C suggests that they are underlain by either a thin (<0.05 m) water layer or a thick (>1 m) thawed or frozen till layer. The evidence that the dormant SIS is not frozen directly to underlying bedrock (but is separated by a water or till layer) is a further indication that it was once an active ice stream, and suggests that streaming motion may have ceased before the basal layer was frozen. The absence of a thick till layer beneath Siple Dome is consistent with its apparent stability as an inter-ice-stream ridge in the past and may suggest that it will remain as a stable limitation of ice-stream width in the future.
Target Tracking and Mobile Sensor Navigation in Wireless Sensor Networks

This work studies the problem of tracking signal-emitting mobile targets using navigated mobile sensors based on signal reception. Since the mobile target's maneuver is unknown, the mobile sensor controller utilizes the measurement collected by a wireless sensor network in terms of the mobile target signal's time of arrival (TOA). The mobile sensor controller acquires the TOA measurement information from both the mobile target and the mobile sensor for estimating their locations before directing the mobile sensor's movement to follow the target. We propose a min-max approximation approach to estimate the location for tracking which can be efficiently solved via semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxation, and apply a cubic function for mobile sensor navigation. We estimate the location of the mobile sensor and target jointly to improve the tracking accuracy. To further improve the system performance, we propose a weighted tracking algorithm by using the measurement information more efficiently. Our results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm provides good tracking performance and can quickly direct the mobile sensor to follow the mobile target.
Coupled generator decomposition for fusion of electro- and magnetoencephalography data

Data fusion modeling can identify common features across diverse data sources while accounting for source-specific variability. Here we introduce the concept of a \textit{coupled generator decomposition} and demonstrate how it generalizes sparse principal component analysis (SPCA) for data fusion. Leveraging data from a multisubject, multimodal (electro- and magnetoencephalography (EEG and MEG)) neuroimaging experiment, we demonstrate the efficacy of the framework in identifying common features in response to face perception stimuli, while accommodating modality- and subject-specific variability. Through split-half cross-validation of EEG/MEG trials, we investigate the optimal model order and regularization strengths for models of varying complexity, comparing these to a group-level model assuming shared brain responses to stimuli. Our findings reveal altered $\sim170ms$ fusiform face area activation for scrambled faces, as opposed to real faces, particularly evident in the multimodal, multisubject model. Model parameters were inferred using stochastic optimization in PyTorch, demonstrating comparable performance to conventional quadratic programming inference for SPCA but with considerably faster execution. We provide an easily accessible toolbox for coupled generator decomposition that includes data fusion for SPCA, archetypal analysis and directional archetypal analysis. Overall, our approach offers a promising new avenue for data fusion.
Evolution of multicellularity coincided with increased diversification of cyanobacteria and the Great Oxidation Event

Cyanobacteria are among the most diverse prokaryotic phyla, with morphotypes ranging from unicellular to multicellular filamentous forms, including those able to terminally (i.e., irreversibly) differentiate in form and function. It has been suggested that cyanobacteria raised oxygen levels in the atmosphere around 2.45–2.32 billion y ago during the Great Oxidation Event (GOE), hence dramatically changing life on the planet. However, little is known about the temporal evolution of cyanobacterial lineages, and possible interplay between the origin of multicellularity, diversification of cyanobacteria, and the rise of atmospheric oxygen. We estimated divergence times of extant cyanobacterial lineages under Bayesian relaxed clocks for a dataset of 16S rRNA sequences representing the entire known diversity of this phylum. We tested whether the evolution of multicellularity overlaps with the GOE, and whether multicellularity is associated with significant shifts in diversification rates in cyanobacteria. Our results indicate an origin of cyanobacteria before the rise of atmospheric oxygen. The evolution of multicellular forms coincides with the onset of the GOE and an increase in diversification rates. These results suggest that multicellularity could have played a key role in triggering cyanobacterial evolution around the GOE.
Clinical Ophthalmology Dovepress Dovepress Comparison of Goldmann Applanation Tonometry and Pascal Dynamic Contour Tonometry in Relation to Central Corneal Thickness and Corneal Curvature

hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the influence of central corneal thickness (CCT) and corneal curvature in tonometry measurements taken by Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) and Pascal dynamic contour tonometry (DCT). Methods: This was a prospective study of 185 eyes from 97 subjects, attending outpatient ophthalmology appointments, who underwent intraocular pressure measurements by GAT and Pascal DCT. CCT and corneal curvature were obtained using ultrasound pachymetry and Orbscan topography, respectively. All measurements were carried out among males and females during the period 2009–2012. Apart from the usual descriptive and exploratory data analysis, one-way analysis of variance and agreement analysis were performed, linear as well as intraclass correlation coefficients were estimated, and multiple scatter and Bland–Altman plots were produced.
Interpersonal Motives in Comprehension of Narratives

We carried out 4 experiments to explore the influence of motivational knowledge in activating expectations about interpersonal actions in story comprehension. In Experiments 1 and 2, participants read episodes in which the characters' relationships could be close, distant, or superficial, and 1 character was involved in a situation that required giving help to another. We found that the reading times of the phrase that expressed the interpersonal action (i.e., "Rudolph defended Bertha against the jokes") were shorter when readers read this sentence after the helping situation and a close relationship. In Experiments 3 and 4, we measured the naming latency times of the goal linked to the helping situation (i.e., "defend") in different places within the text. The results showed that the characters' relationship directly did not influence the latencies of naming the goal. The results are explained with reference to the debate between the constructionist and memory-based text theories.
A visual servoing algorithm using fuzzy logics and fuzzy-neural networks

A visual servoing algorithm is proposed for a robot with a camera in hand, where fuzzy logics and fuzzy-neural networks are employed to represent and/or learn camera motion commands to track a moving object in terms of image features and their variations. Specifically, novel image features are suggested by employing a viewing model of perspective projection to estimate relative pitching and yawing angles between the object and the camera. And, owing to the uniqueness of the proposed image features, at most two input variables are shown to be sufficient for the design of fuzzy logics and/or fuzzy-neural networks. To compensate dynamic characteristics of the robot, desired feature trajectories for the learning of visually guided line-of-sight robot motion are obtained by measuring features by the camera in hand not in the entire workspace, but on a single linear path along which the robot moves under the control of a commercially provided function of linear motion. And then, control actions of the camera are approximately found by fuzzy neural networks to follow such desired feature trajectories. To show the validity of proposed algorithm, some experimental results are illustrated, where a four axis SCARA robot with a B/W CCD camera is used.