Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A comparison of stability between delayed versus immediately loaded orthodontic palatal implants.

INTRODUCTION Control of anchorage is a fundamental problem in orthodontics. Conventional means of controlling anchorage are characterized by potential disadvantages and inconveniences: visibility, compliance dependence, risk of undesirable side effects, and injury. Titanium implants have evolved as a potential clinical alternative in overcoming the limits of conventional dental orthodontic anchorage. METHODS This project was designed as a prospective observational study on 20 patients whose treatment plans required maximum (stable) anchorage during orthodontic treatment. The patients received palatal implants (Institut Straumann AG, Waldenburg, Switzerland: length of implant 4-6 mm, diameter 3.3 mm), which were placed into the midpalate. The goal of this study was to evaluate if the implant could be loaded immediately, or if time should be allowed for integration. Patients were randomized into two groups; one group had their implants loaded immediately with a coil spring, and the second group remained nonloaded, with an annealed coil spring, for the 8-week experimental period. Measurement of implant stability was taken using resonance frequency analysis on both groups at the time of implant placement and at 8 weeks post-placement. RESULTS This study demonstrated that immediate loading of the Straumann orthodontic implant is possible, based on the clinical success observed in both groups. However, compared with the nonloaded group, the stability of the immediately loaded implant was significantly less at 8 weeks. The mean implant stability quotient (ISQ) of the nonloaded group was 38.7 kHz at baseline and 47.3 kHz after 8 weeks. The mean ISQ of the loaded group was 42.0 kHz at baseline and 38.4 kHz after 8 weeks. Statistical analysis showed a significant difference between the group that was loaded and the nonloaded group after 8 weeks (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Based on the results of this study, an unloaded healing period provides for increased stability of the implants compared with immediately loaded palatal implants. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Patients often like to have their orthodontic treatment begin as soon as possible. This study examined if palatal implants could be loaded immediately after placement so overall treatment time could be decreased. It appears that this is possible based on the results of the study; however, an unloaded healing period results in a more stable implant.
What Can Be Learned from Cross-National Comparisons of Data on Illegal Drugs?

There has been relatively little effort at cross-national analysis of data concerning drug policy, though there is growing variation in how nations deal with illegal drugs. Systematic accounts of barriers to, and opportunities for, making comparisons are scarce. Comparisons of drug use prevalence, the focus of most cross-national studies, are undermined by fundamental and unacknowledged methodological differences. Prevalence is a poor measure of drug problems, but more appropriate indicators, such as drug-related crime and morality, are generated by institutional and legal systems that differ across countries, making them even more difficult to compare. The same is true of intensity of enforcement; besides problems of creating comparable arrest, conviction, and incarceration data, there is difficulty in generating an appropriate denominator of offenses. Collaboration among national data collection programs can help somewhat, but substantial progress will depend on harmonization of basic measurement systems, such as arrests and incarceration and on more subtle measures such as the prevalence of problem drug use.
The Development of a New Test of Agility for Rugby League

Serpell, BG, Ford, M, and Young, WB. The development of a new test of agility for rugby league. J Strength Cond Res 24(12): 3270-3277, 2010-Agility requires change of direction speed (CODS) and also perceptual and decision-making skills and reaction speed. The purpose of this study was to develop a reliable and valid agility test for rugby league, which stressed all those dimensions. Players from a subelite rugby league team were tested twice on a sport-specific reactive agility test (RAT) and CODS test. Data were analyzed for reliability. For validity results from the subelite groups, first test was compared with data from an elite group. The RAT required participants to run toward an unpredictable life-size video of an attacking opponent and react to that video by changing direction. The CODS test required the same movement patterns however direction changes were preplanned. The subelite group's mean time to complete the CODS test and RAT on their first test was 1.67 ± 0.15 and 1.98 ± 0.16 seconds, respectively, and 1.62 ± 0.14 and 1.91 ± 0.17 seconds, respectively, on their second test (results are ± σ). Statistical analyses revealed no significant difference in means (p < 0.05) and good correlation (intraclass correlation coefficient = 0.87 and 0.82, respectively). The elite group's mean time to complete the tests was 1.65 ± 0.09 and 1.79 ±0.12 seconds, respectively. Statistical analyses revealed a significant difference in mean RAT time between the elite group and the subelite group (p < 0.05). The RAT was reliable and valid. Performance differences on the RAT were attributed to differences in perceptual skills and/or reaction ability. Testing and training agility should therefore stress those dimensions of agility and not just CODS.
Neonatal Screening: Cost-utility Analysis for Galactosemia

Background: Galactosemia is a congenital metabolic disorder that can damage the health of a newborn. Screening is an important step to prevent and treat this condition. Due to increasing health care costs and limited financial resources of health systems, the most suitable economic analysis tool should be applied. The aim of this study was to analyze the cost-utility of neonatal screening program for diagnosing galactosemia in Fars province, Iran. Methods: In this cross-sectional study and cost-utility analysis in the cost of screening for galactosemia and its financial effects, decision tree model and society’s viewpoint were used. The population of study was 81837 infants referred to Neonatal Screening Laboratory (Nader Kazemi Clinic) affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences (SUMS), Iran, in 2010. Quality of life in two groups of patients was evaluated by using the time trade-off. The best intervention option was selected by using the Incremental Cost-effectiveness Ratio. Results: The estimated cost of diagnosed through screening and without screening were 43519911 and 130011168 Iranian Rails (4222.00 $ and 12615.00 $), respectively. Therefore, there was a saving of 201443240.99 Iranian Rails (19641.00 $), for each patient annually. Conclusion: The screening program can improve both the qualitative and quantitative lifestyle of people and increase savings in health care system. Policymakers could use the results to design new policies based on the necessity of screening.
Analysis and Design of Finite Alphabet Iterative Decoders Robust to Faulty Hardware

This paper addresses the problem of designing low-density parity check decoders robust to transient errors introduced by faulty hardware. We assume that the faulty hardware introduces errors during the message-passing updates, and we propose a general framework for the definition of the message update faulty functions. Within this framework, we define symmetry conditions for the faulty functions and derive two simple error models used in the analysis. With this analysis, we propose a new interpretation of the functional density evolution threshold introduced by Kameni et al. in the recent literature and show its limitations in the case of highly unreliable hardware. However, we show that under restricted decoder noise conditions, the functional threshold can be used to predict the convergence behavior of finite alphabet iterative decoders (FAIDs) under faulty hardware. In particular, we reveal the existence of robust and nonrobust FAIDs and propose a framework for the design of robust decoders. We finally illustrate robust- and nonrobust-decoder behaviors of finite-length codes using Monte Carlo simulations.
Prevalence of Psychiatric Disorders among Children and Adolescents in Northeast China

Background To describe the prevalence of DSM-IV disorders and comorbidity in a large school-based sample of 6–17 year old children and adolescents in northeast China. Methods A two-phase cross-sectional study was conducted on 9,806 children. During the screening phase, 8848 children (90.23%) and their mothers and teachers were interviewed using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). During the diagnostic phase, 1129 children with a positive SDQ and 804 randomly selected children with a negative SDQ (11%), and their mothers and teachers, were interviewed using the Development and Well-Being Assessment (DAWBA). Results The overall prevalence of DSM-IV disorders was 9.49% (95% CI = 8.10–11.10%). Anxiety disorders were the most common (6.06%, 95% CI = 4.92–7.40), followed by depression (1.32%, 95% CI = 0.91–1.92%), oppositional defiant disorder (1.21%, 95%CI = 0.77–1.87) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (0.84%, 95% CI = 0.52–1.36%). Of the 805 children with a psychiatric disorder, 15.2% had two or more comorbid disorders. Conclusions Approximately one in ten Chinese school children has psychiatric disorders involving a level of distress or social impairment likely to warrant treatment. Prevention, early identification and treatment of these disorders are urgently needed and pose a serious challenge in China.
Insurance between Firms: The Role of Internal Labor Markets

We investigate how Internal Labor Markets (ILMs) allow organizations to accommodate shocks calling for costly labor adjustments. Using data on workers' mobility within French business groups, we find that adverse shocks affecting affiliated firms boost the proportion of workers redeployed to other group units rather than external firms. This effect is stronger when labor regulations are stricter and destination-firms are more efficient or enjoy better growth opportunities. Affiliated firms hit by positive shocks rely on the ILM for new hires, especially high-skilled workers. Overall, ILMs emerge as a co-insurance mechanism within organizations, providing job stability to employees as a by-product.
Detection of N‐Terminally Extended Substance P but Not of Substance P in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid: Quantitation with HPLC‐Radioimmunoassay

Abstract: A reversed‐phase HPLC system was used to concentrate and separate components of substance P‐like immunoreactivity (SP‐LI) from human CSF. When CSF was injected and fractions collected, no SP‐LI could be detected by radioimmunoassay (RIA) at the retention time of SP or SP‐sulfoxide. Instead, SP‐LI was detected in later eluting fractions. This SP‐LI reacted with two different antisera raised against the C‐terminal part of SP, but not with an antiserum against the N‐terminal part. A compound with similar properties was also found to be present in neutral extracts of rat dorsal spinal cord. When the late‐eluting compound from human CSF was treated with trypsin and rechromatographed on HPLC, an immunoreactive component eluting at the position of SP could be detected with both the C‐ and N‐terminally directed SP antisera. These results suggest that an N‐terminally extended form of SP is present in human CSF. Trypsinization also gave two other compounds with affinity for the N‐ but not the C‐terminally directed antisera. This may indicate that N‐terminal fragments of SP extended at the N‐terminus or SP molecules extended at both the N‐ and the C‐terminus (i.e., preprotachykinins) also are present in human CSF. In 32 CSF samples from depressed patients, SP‐LI was determined with a C‐terminally directed antiserum with and without prior HPLC separation. SP itself could not be detected, but the late‐eluting form of SP‐LI could be quanti‐tated in all samples by combined HPLC‐RIA. In most samples, there was a relatively good agreement between the SP‐LI levels measured with and without HPLC.
Description of an Advantageous Optical Label-Free Biosensing Interferometric Read-Out Method to Measure Biological Species

In this article we report a new, simple, and reliable optical read-out detection method able to assess Rotavirus present in human sera as well as in the viral pollution sources. It is based on the interference of two interferometers used as biophotonic transducers. The method significantly improves the optical label-free biosensing response measuring both, the concentration of the AgR and its corresponding size. Two different immunoassays were carried out: Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), and the recognition by its antibody (anti-BSA); and Rotavirus (AgR) and the recognition by its antibody (anti-AgR). In the cases studied, and using as model interferometer a simple Fabry-Perot transducer, we demonstrate a biosensing enhancement of two orders of magnitude in the Limit of Detection (LoD). In fact, this read-out optical method may have significant implications to enhance other optical label-free photonic transducers reported in the scientific literature.
ADJACENCY PAIR IN “KNIGHT AND DAY” MOVIE

Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk meneliti adjacency pair (padanan kalimat) yang digunakan oleh pemeran utama film “Knight and day. ” Adjacency pairs adalah pasangan dari pergantian ucapan di antara dua pembicara sukses. Sebagaimana film in dibintangi oleh dua pemeran utama yang bergantian giliran berbicara dalam membangun interaksi percakapan, peneliti memutuskan unuk menganalisa percakapan yang dihasilkan oleh dua pemeran utama itu dan peneliti yakin bahwa percakapan itu membentuk macam-macam adjacency pairs yang bervariasi. Penelitian ini focus pada 4 aspek percakapan, ia adalah turn-taking, adjacency pairs (padanan kalimat), preference organization (pengaturan preferensi), dan pre-sequence (pra-rangkaian) dan insertion sequence (rangakaian sisipan). Karena faktanya bahwa sumber data penelitian ini adalah film dimana datanya berbentuk pembicaraan (percakapan) yang dituliskan kedalam bentuk teks (skript), pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan analisa percakapan untuk memahami pengaturan interaksi percakapan diantara peserta-peserta, supaya menghasilkan beberapa bentuk tindakan sosial atau ‘realita’ dan interaksi itu disusun disekitar pasangan-pasangan ungkapan yang berdekatan. Datanya diambli dari percakapan pemeran-pemeran utama (Roy Miller dan June Heaven) kemudian dianalisa dengan menggolongkan dan mendiskripsikan 13 macam adjacency pair (padanan kalimat) yang dinyatakan oleh Levinson. Penelitian ini menghasilkan 3 kesimpuan. Pertama, ada 87 adjacency pairs (padanan kalimat) yang mana dikelompokkan kedalam 13 macam adjacency pair. Keduan, ada 71 data dari preference organization (pengaturan preferensi) yang terdiri dari 56 data masuk kedalam preferred second pair part (bagian pasangan kedua yang lebih disukai) dan 15 data masuk ke dalam dispreferred second pair part (bagian pasangan kedua yang tidak disukai). Terakhir, ada 5 data untuk pre-sequence (pra-rangkaian) dan 6 data untuk insertion sequence (rangkaian sisipan)
PENERAPAN STRATEGI POE (PREDICT-OBSERVEEXPLAIN) DENGAN METODE LEARNING JOURNALS DALAM PEMBELAJARAN IPA UNTUKMENINGKATKAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP DAN KETERAMPILAN PROSES SAINS

Pembelajaran IPA di SMP Mataram Semarang belum sepenuhnya menerapkan prinsip inkuiri ilmiah sehingga partisipasi aktif dari peserta didik masih kurang. Kurangnya partisipasi peserta didik menyebabkan pemahaman konsep (hasil belajar kognitif) dan keterampilan proses sains (KPS) masih rendah. Salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut dengan diterapkannya strategi POE (predict-observe-explain) dengan metode Learning Journals. Strategi POE merupakan strategi yang memberikan kesempatan peserta didik untuk belajar secara konkret sehingga mampu meningkatkan pemahaman dan KPS. Learning Journals merupakan suatu metode pembelajaran yang mengembangkan kemampuan metakognitif peserta didik, sehingga mengoptimalkan hasil belajar baik hasil belajar kognitif, afektif maupunpsikomotor. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pemahaman konsep dan KPS peserta didik setelah diterapkannya strategi POE dengan metode Learning Journals. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian Quasi Experiment dengan desain Nonequivalent Control Group Design. Populasi pada penelitian ini adalah seluruh siswa kelas VII SMP Mataram Semarang yang terdiri dari tiga kelas. Pengambilan sampling menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh, dimana seluruh populasi digunakan sebagai sampel. Kelas VII A dan VII B sebagai kelompok eksperimen, dan kelas VII C sebagai kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelompok eksperimen memiliki peningkatan pemahaman konsep yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Hal tersebut terlihat dari hasil uji t-tes yang diperoleh yaitu thitung > ttabel, thitung sebesar 2,09 dan ttabel sebesar 1,98. KPS kelompok eksperimen lebih baik daripada kelompok kontrol. Hal tersebut dapat dilihat dari N-Gain hasil tes KPS menunjukkan kelompok eksperimen ratarata memiliki peningkatan sebesar 0,51 dengan kategori sedang. Dan hasil uji ttest skor observasi KPS dengan thitung 3,33 > ttabel 1,98. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan strategi POE dengan metode learning journals dapat meningkatkan pemahaman konsep dan KPS dari peserta didik.
Developing terrorism coverage: variances in news framing of the January 2015 attacks in Paris and Borno

Written news coverage of an event influences public perception and understanding of that event. Through agenda setting and news framing, journalists control the importance and substance of readers’ beliefs about the event. While existing research has been conducted on the relationship between media coverage and the geographic location of the country an event took place in, there is limited understanding of this relationship in terms of terrorist events. Utilising an agenda-setting theory and news framing theory lens to compare news coverage of the January 2015 terrorist attacks in Paris, France, and Borno, Nigeria revealed significant variances in the overall coverage, headline style and discourse usage based on the event. In particular, the American news coverage positively framed France through detailed, sympathetic coverage and negatively framed Nigeria by overgeneralising and placing blame. Determining the origin and impacts of these variances is integral to forming a more comprehensive understanding of international terrorism and the most effective ways to combat it.
Extragalactic globular clusters in the near infrared III. NGC 5846 and NGC 7192. Quantifying the age distribution of sub-populations

In this third paper of our series on near-IR and optical photometry of globular cluster systems in early-type galaxies we concentrate on the photometric results for NGC 5846 and NGC 7192, two group ellipticals, and on a first comparison between the globular cluster systems investigated so far. In NGC 5846 the colour-colour diagram shows clear bi-modality in (V - K), which is confirmed by a KMM test. The mean colour of both peaks were estimated to be (V - K) b l u e = 2.57 ′ 0.06 and (V - K) r e d = 3.18 ′ 0.06. The situation in NGC 7192 is different, in that the colour-colour diagram gives no evidence for a distinct second population of globular clusters. Using simulated colour distributions of globular cluster systems, we make a first step in quantifying the cumulative age distribution in globular cluster systems. Also here the result for NGC 5846 leads us to the conclusion that its metal-rich globular cluster population contains two globular cluster populations which differ in age by several Gyr. The age structure for NGC 7192 shows instead strong similarity with a single-age population.
The Role of Administrator Characteristics on Perceptions of Innovativeness among Public School Administrators

Pressures for reform require greater innovativeness among public school administrators than in the past. Perceptions of innovativeness, which function as administrators’ reality and influence participation in innovation, are reflected in their informal network relationships. Using network methods and descriptive statistics, this article explores a public school administrator network, highlighting the relationship of administrator characteristics (personal demographics, position, experience) on three different types of perceptions of innovativeness: (a) being perceived by others as innovative, (b) perceiving others as innovative, and (c) mutually perceiving each other as innovative. Findings indicate demographics of age and experience were related to administrators being perceived as innovative, suggesting the value of increased visibility and administrative stability. No association was found between administrator characteristics and either perceiving others or having mutual perceptions of innovation suggesting a potential lack of bias in who perceives others as innovative or in establishing mutual perceptions of innovation.
Observer performance in locating the bifurcation in mandibular molars on periapical radiographs.

The ability to identify radiographically the bifurcation in mandibular molars and the influence of morphological factors on the observers' decisions were investigated in 10 dry mandibles. Standardized periapical radiographs were obtained with and without lead markers in the bifurcation. Then 23 observers marked the bifurcation on tracing paper placed on the radiographs. The distance between the 'true' bifurcation (the lead indicators) and the observers' markings was assessed. On average, it was identified at a point 0.26 mm (s.d. 0.5) apical to its 'true' location on the first molar, and 0.65 mm (s.d. 1.15) coronal on the second molar. Interobserver variation for first and second molars was 0.5 mm and 1.06 mm respectively. Corresponding intraobserver variation was 0.47 mm and 1.14 mm. Of the four morphological characteristics analysed, the mesiodistal width of the bifurcation was found to have the strongest influence on the accuracy. It was concluded that the wide discrepancy in the ability of the observers to locate the bifurcation could be largely attributed to intraindividual variation.
Percepção de mulheres privadas de liberdade acerca da assistência à saúde no sistema penitenciário

Este estudo teve como objetivos, conhecer a percepcao das mulheres privadas de liberdade sobre a assistencia a saude dentro do Sistema Penitenciario e discutir os resultados a luz do Plano Nacional de Saude no Sistema Penitenciario. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, desenvolvida com 20 mulheres aprisionadas na Penitenciaria Feminina de Teresina – PI, no periodo entre agosto e setembro de 2014 por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comite de Etica e Pesquisa sob CAAE 32422714.0. 0000.5210 e Parecer 701.517. Os resultados revelaram que embora algumas acoes em saude estejam de acordo com o Plano Nacional, a assistencia a saude no sistema penitenciario ainda ha muito a melhorar. Entendemos que um passo importante para o enfretamento das dificuldades no sistema penitenciario seja a implantacao do Plano Nacional de Saude no Sistema Penitenciario no Estado do Piaui, pois atenuaria as situacoes apontadas no estudo. Descritores: Assistencia a saude. Mulheres. Presidios.