Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluating the -Domination Based Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm for a Quick Computation of Pareto-Optimal Solutions

Since the suggestion of a computing procedure of multiple Pareto-optimal solutions in multi-objective optimization problems in the early Nineties, researchers have been on the look out for a procedure which is computationally fast and simultaneously capable of finding a well-converged and well-distributed set of solutions. Most multi-objective evolutionary algorithms (MOEAs) developed in the past decade are either good for achieving a well-distributed solutions at the expense of a large computational effort or computationally fast at the expense of achieving a not-so-good distribution of solutions. For example, although the Strength Pareto Evolutionary Algorithm or SPEA (Zitzler and Thiele, 1999) produces a much better distribution compared to the elitist non-dominated sorting GA or NSGA-II (Deb et al., 2002a), the computational time needed to run SPEA is much greater. In this paper, we evaluate a recently-proposed steady-state MOEA (Deb et al., 2003) which was developed based on the -dominance concept introduced earlier (Laumanns et al., 2002) and using efficient parent and archive update strategies for achieving a well-distributed and well-converged set of solutions quickly. Based on an extensive comparative study with four other state-of-the-art MOEAs on a number of two, three, and four objective test problems, it is observed that the steady-state MOEA is a good compromise in terms of convergence near to the Pareto-optimal front, diversity of solutions, and computational time. Moreover, the -MOEA is a step closer towards making MOEAs pragmatic, particularly allowing a decision-maker to control the achievable accuracy in the obtained Pareto-optimal solutions.
The Roles of Structured Input Activities in Processing Instruction and the Kinds of Knowledge They Promote

This study aimed to isolate the effects of the two input activities in Processing Instruction: referential activities, which force learners to focus on a form and its meaning, and affective activities, which contain exemplars of the target form and require learners to process sentence meaning. One hundred and twenty 12-year-old Taiwanese learners of English as a foreign language were assigned to one of four groups: Referential + Affective, Referential only, Affective only, or Control. The treatments were computer-based. Pretests, posttests, and delayed posttests, including a timed grammaticality judgment, a written gap-fill, an oral picture narration, and a short semistructured conversation, measured learning of the –ed past tense verb inflection. Findings suggested that referential activities were responsible for the learning gains observed, that affective activities did not provide additional benefits in terms of learning –ed, and that the gains observed displayed some broadly defined characteristics of explicit knowledge.
Enhanced Combined Tomography and Biomechanics Data for Distinguishing Forme Fruste Keratoconus.

PURPOSE To evaluate the performance of the Ocular Response Analyzer (ORA) (Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments, Depew, NY) variables and Pentacam HR (Oculus Optikgeräte GmbH, Wetzlar, Germany) tomographic parameters in differentiating forme fruste keratoconus (FFKC) from normal corneas, and to assess a combined biomechanical and tomographic parameter to improve outcomes. METHODS Seventy-six eyes of 76 normal patients and 21 eyes of 21 patients with FFKC were included in the study. Fifteen variables were derived from exported ORA signals to characterize putative indicators of biomechanical behavior and 37 ORA waveform parameters were tested. Sixteen tomographic parameters from Pentacam HR were tested. Logistic regression was used to produce a combined biomechanical and tomography linear model. Differences between groups were assessed by the Mann-Whitney U test. The area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) was used to compare diagnostic performance. RESULTS No statistically significant differences were found in age, thinnest point, central corneal thickness, and maximum keratometry between groups. Twenty-one parameters showed significant differences between the FFKC and control groups. Among the ORA waveform measurements, the best parameters were those related to the area under the first peak, p1area1 (AUROC, 0.717 ± 0.065). Among the investigator ORA variables, a measure incorporating the pressure-deformation relationship of the entire response cycle was the best predictor (hysteresis loop area, AUROC, 0.688 ± 0.068). Among tomographic parameters, Belin/Ambrósio display showed the highest predictive value (AUROC, 0.91 ± 0.057). A combination of parameters showed the best result (AUROC, 0.953 ± 0.024) outperforming individual parameters. CONCLUSIONS Tomographic and biomechanical parameters demonstrated the ability to differentiate FFKC from normal eyes. A combination of both types of information further improved predictive value. [J Refract Surg. 2016;32(7):479-485. ].
The -8503 G/A polymorphism of the adiponectin receptor 1 gene is associated with insulin sensitivity dependent on adiposity.

Adiponectin has beneficial effects on insulin sensitivity. Unexpectedly, adiponectin knockout mice exhibit no or only mild insulin resistance. Nevertheless, under a high-fat/high-carbohydrate diet, severe insulin resistance was induced in those animals (1). Consistent with this, recent evidence (2) suggests that the relationship of adiponectin with insulin sensitivity is stronger with increasing adiposity. In addition, a haplotype in the adiponectin gene was associated with type 2 diabetes only in obese and morbidly obese subjects but not in lean subjects (3). Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the genes encoding adiponectin receptor (ADIPOR) 1 …
Situated Justice: A Contextual Analysis of Fairness and Inequality in Employment Discrimination Litigation

A substantial body of sociolegal scholarship suggests that the legitimacy of the law crucially depends on the public’s perception that legal processes are fair. The bulk of this research relies on an underdeveloped account of the material and institutional contexts of litigants’ perceptions of fairness. We introduce an analysis of situated justice to capture a contextualized conception of how litigants narrate fairness in their actual legal encounters. Our analysis draws on 100 in-depth interviews with defendant’s representatives, plaintiffs, and lawyers involved in employment discrimination lawsuits, selected as part of a multimethod study of 1,788 discrimination cases filed in U.S. district courts between 1988 and 2003. This article offers two key empirical findings, the first at the level of individual perceptions and the second at the level of legal institutions. First, we find that neither defendants’ representatives nor plaintiffs believe discrimination law is fair. Rather than sharing a complaint, however, each side sees unfairness only in those aspects of the process that work to their disadvantage. Second, we demonstrate that the very notion of fairness can belie structural asymmetries that, overall, profoundly benefit employers in employment discrimination lawsuits. We conclude by discussing how a situated justice analysis calls for a rethinking of empirical research on fairness. Audio recordings of respondents quoted in this article are available online. * This research was funded by the American Bar Foundation, the National Science Foundation (#SES-0417389), and the Searle Foundation. The research benefited from participation in the Discrimination Research Group, a joint effort funded by the American Bar Foundation, the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, and the Ford Foundation (#1045-0189). This article was also aided by Laura Beth Nielsen’s participation in the Sociolegal Justice Project (SJP), which is a joint effort of the American Bar Foundation, the National Science Foundation, and George Mason University. We received helpful input from the anonymous reviewers and from participants in the 2009 Law & Society Association meeting, the 2009 American Sociological Association meeting, and workshops
Regulation Simulation

A deterministic trading strategy by a representative investor on a single market asset, which generates complex and realistic returns with its first four moments similar to the empirical values of European stock indices, is used to simulate the effects of financial regulation that either pricks bubbles, props up crashes, or both. The results suggest that regulation makes the market process appear more Gaussian and less complex, with the difference more pronounced for more frequent intervention, though particular periods can be worse than the non-regulated version, and that pricking bubbles and propping up crashes are not symmetrical.
Physical Activity Promotion in Schools ‐‐ PE Teachers’ Views

This paper aims to establish PE teachers’ views and understanding of physical activity promotion. The paper presents selected findings from a larger scale research project which investigated physical activity promotion within a whole school context. Questionnaires were completed by 42 secondary school PE Heads of Department (PEHoDs) and follow‐up interviews were conducted with a smaller sample (n=9). PEHoDs were generally found to have positive views towards physical activity promotion in schools and most spoke of promoting it through their curricular and extra‐curricular PE programmes. Despite this, a number demonstrated a rather limited understanding of physical activity promotion and how it could be approached in their school. It was concluded that, if PE teachers are to have a real impact on young people's physical activity behaviour, they need to be encouraged and supported to adopt a broader view and understanding of physical activity promotion and of their role within it.
Attitude Change Following a Diversion Program for Men who Solicit Sex

Abstract This study investigates the effectiveness of an educational diversion program, or “john school,” in changing the attitudes of men arrested for soliciting or attempting to solicit sex. Participants were 341 men who completed pre— and post-program measures assessing attitudes towards prostitution, attitudes towards prostituted women, and attitudes towards purchasing sexual services. Analyses revealed significant attitude changes in all three areas. Further analyses revealed that the program appeared to meet its goal of producing attitude change irrespective of prior experience levels with prostitution. Findings suggest that diversion programs like the one examined may be successful in their goal of changing the perception that prostitution is a victimless crime.
All change Reskilling for the 21st century

I'd like to begin with a voyage round my grandfather. Captain Robert Owen was a native of Liverpool. He lived for most of his life not five miles from where we're gathered now. He was a sea captain and he worked for the Harrison Line, a cargo firm trading out of Liverpool to West Africa and America. One of his early commands, from 1899 to 1906, was the cargo vessel Logician. He rose eventually to be commodore captain of the line - and this wasn't because of what he could do, but because of what he knew.
Influence of Race and Symptom Expression on Clinicians’ Depressive Disorder Identification in African American Men

Studies show that depressed African Americans are more likely to be misdiagnosed than are depressed Caucasians. A randomized sample of 239 California licensed clinical social workers and licensed marriage and family therapists were shown experimentally designed clinical videos and asked to make diagnostic judgments. Clinicians were randomly assigned to view 1 of 4 videos of 2 young adult male actors, 1 African American and 1 Caucasian, playing the part of a depressed client engaging in a first-time therapy session. Each actor played 2 roles: a depressed man with classic symptoms of a major depressive disorder (MDD) and a depressed man displaying symptoms that meet the MDD criteria described in the literature as African American cultural expressions of depression. Results indicate statistically significant differences in the identification of mood disorder; licensed clinicians under diagnosed unipolar mood disorder more frequently when clients of either race presented with culturally expressed depression symptoms. Implications for clinical social work and mental health practice with African American males are discussed.
Effect of Novel, School-Based High-Intensity Interval Training (HIT) on Cardiometabolic Health in Adolescents: Project FFAB (Fun Fast Activity Blasts) - An Exploratory Controlled Before-And-After Trial

Background Low-volume high-intensity interval training holds promise for cardiometabolic health promotion in adolescents, but sustainable interventions must be practical and engaging. We examined the effect of a school-based multi-activity low-volume high-intensity interval training intervention on adolescents’ cardiometabolic health. Methods In an exploratory controlled before-and-after design, 101 adolescents (mean age ± standard deviation [SD] 14.0 ± 0.3 years) were recruited from four schools; two were designated as intervention sites (n = 41), and two as control (n = 60). The intervention comprised 4 to 7 repetitions of 45 s maximal effort exercise (basketball, boxing, dance and soccer drills) interspersed with 90-s rest, thrice weekly for 10 weeks. Outcomes were non-fasting blood lipids and glucose, waist circumference, high sensitivity C-reactive protein, resting blood pressure, physical activity, twenty-metre shuttle-run test performance and carotid artery intima-media thickness. The difference in the change from baseline (intervention minus control) was estimated for each outcome. Using magnitude-based inferences, we calculated the probability that the true population effect was beneficial, trivial, and harmful against a threshold for the minimum clinically important difference of 0.2 between-subject SDs. Results and Discussion Mean (± SD) attendance for the intervention (expressed as percentage of available intervention sessions [n = 30]) was 77 ± 13%. Post-intervention, there were likely beneficial effects for triglycerides (-26%; 90% confidence interval -46% to 0%), waist circumference (-3.9 cm; -6.1 cm to -1.6 cm) and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (+16 min; -5 to 38 min), and a possibly beneficial effect for twenty-metre shuttle-run test performance (+5 shuttles; -1 to 11 shuttles) in intervention participants (vs controls). The role of elevated triglycerides and waist circumference in cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome development underlines the importance of our findings. We also demonstrated that school-based low-volume high-intensity interval training can be delivered as intended, thus representing a novel and scalable means of improving aspects of adolescents’ cardiometabolic health. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02626767
Eco-Dynamics Approach to the study of Team Sports Performance

The main goal of performance analysis in team sports has been the identification of data frequencies or sequences of actions in a temporal line, based on the assemblage of numerous discrete variables. This focus may be deemed as not displaying the foremost team sport feature, i.e., the dynamics of the interaction between two teams. In order to better understand the dynamic patterns of the game, the methods commonly applied must be furthered in a functional perspective. Underpinned in the Ecological Dynamics approach to decision making in sport, this paper regards performance analysis as a process of synthesis and parsimonious explanation of game's functional nature. Accordingly, we argue the importance of the following three aspects: i) game must be viewed considering different levels of analysis; ii) there is a functional role of variability in players' behaviour that must be included in the analysis; iii) human behaviour is better understood if we consider how the dynamics reflects individual and collective perceptual-action couplings.
Is Bank Capital Regulation Costly for Firms? - Evidence from Syndicated Loans

This paper estimates the impact of bank capital regulation on lending spreads. We use ﬁrm-level data on large syndicated loans matched with Bank Holding Company (BHC) data for the lending banks in our panel regressions. We ﬁnd that higher bank capital leads to an increase in the loan pricing. Further, we investigate if stress test failure under the Supervisory Capital Assessment Program and Comprehensive Capital Analysis and Review leads to higher loan spreads, since ﬁnancial institutions that failed were required to raise capital in the short run. Using diﬀerence-in-diﬀerence framework, we ﬁnd: 1) BHCs that failed the stress tests increased their loan pricing; 2) Loan pricing is higher for all banks after the commencement of the stress tests. These ﬁndings suggest that greater regulatory oversight and higher capital requirements have made syndicated loans more costly for ﬁrms.
Perfectionism and coping with daily failures: positive reframing helps achieve satisfaction at the end of the day

Differentiating perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns, the present study examined how perfectionism predicts what coping strategies people use, when dealing with failures, and how perfectionism and coping influence people's satisfaction. A sample of 149 students completed daily reports for 3–14 days, reporting the most bothersome failure they experienced during the day, what strategies they used to cope with the failure, and how satisfied they felt at the end of the day. Multilevel regression analyses showed that perfectionistic concerns predicted more frequent use of self-blame, less frequent use of active coping and acceptance, and higher satisfaction at the end of the day, whereas perfectionistic strivings predicted less frequent use of self-blame and higher satisfaction. Although positive reframing, acceptance, and humor predicted higher satisfaction for all students, further analyses showed that positive reframing coping was particularly helpful for students high in perfectionistic concern. The findings suggest that accommodative coping strategies are generally helpful in dealing with personal failures, with positive reframing being a coping strategy that works particularly well for people high in perfectionistic concerns (who are prone to dissatisfaction) to achieve higher satisfaction at the end of the day.
Human Astrovirus Infection in a Patient with New-Onset Celiac Disease

ABSTRACT Many diseases with unknown etiology may be caused by unidentified viruses. Sequence-independent amplification revealed a new astrovirus, similar to VA1, in a 4-year-old male diagnosed with celiac disease. This expands the geographic range of this virus to include Europe and may associate astrovirus infection with the onset of celiac disease.
Unraveling respect in organization studies

Organizational scholars have invoked the concept of respect and relegated it as a common sense, under-specified construct. This article analyzes the notion of respect by drawing on philosophy and defines respectful behavior as the manifestation of believing another person has value. Two types of respect are identified: appraisal respect is based on individual characteristics, and recognition respect is based on being human and having rights. In the organizational context, appraisal respect is acknowledgement of work performance and recognition respect is the quality of interpersonal treatment. This article presents a new theoretical framework that juxtaposes these two types of respect to model how they have different effects on self-esteem and therefore affect attitudes and behaviors differently. This model allows future research in the organization sciences to invoke respect more precisely, especially organizational justice and leadership research that explicitly or implicitly use concepts of respect.
Missed targets are more frequent than false alarms: a model for error rates in visual search.

In many visual search tasks, reaction times (RTs) for target detection are measured as a function of display size. The corresponding error rates are usually low but increase with increasing display size. Missed-target errors are more common than false alarms. In recent models of visual search, the error rates were attributed to a premature search termination and error rates increasing with display size were interpreted as indicating a speed-accuracy trade-off and an underestimation of search times per item (obtained from RT slopes). A model is described in which errors occur as a result of imperfect rather than incomplete search (i.e., it is assumed that there are task-specific probabilities of categorizing a target or a distractor incorrectly). Signal-detection theory is used to show that the observed error rate properties can be attributed to an optimized decision strategy. "Corrections" of RT data are thus questionable.
Multiscale modeling and numerical methods in nonlinear elasticity. (Modélisation et méthodes numériques multiéchelles en élasticité non linéaire)

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Multiscale modeling and numerical methods in nonlinear elasticity Antoine Gloria
On the Mass and Metallicity Distributions of the Parent AGB Stars of O-Rich Presolar Stardust Grains

Abstract Presolar grains in meteorites formed in a sample of Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) stars that ended their lives within ≈1 Gyr of the origin of the Solar System 4.6 Gyr ago. The O-isotopic compositions of presolar O-rich stardust reflect the masses and metallicities of their parent stars. We present simple Monte Carlo simulations of the parent AGB stars of presolar grains. Comparison of model predictions with the grain data allow some broad conclusions to be drawn: (1) Presolar O-rich grains formed in AGB stars of mass ∼1.15–2.2 M⊙. The upper-mass cutoff reflects dredge-up of C in more massive AGB stars, leading to C-rich dust rather than O-rich, but the lack of grains from intermediate-mass AGB stars (>4 M⊙) is a major puzzle; (2) The grain O-isotopic data are reproduced well if the Galaxy in presolar times was assumed to have a moderate age-metallicity relationship, but with significant metallicity scatter for stars born at the same time; (3) The Sun appears to have a moderately low metallicity for its age and/or unusual 17O/16O and 18O/16O ratios for its metallicity; and (4) The Solar 17O/18O ratio, while unusual relative to present-day molecular clouds and protostars, was not atypical for the presolar disk and does not require self-pollution of the protosolar molecular cloud by supernova ejecta.