Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Work-life policies for faculty at the top ten medical schools.

PURPOSE There exists a growing consensus that career flexibility is critical to recruiting and retaining talented faculty, especially women faculty. This study was designed to determine both accessibility and content of work-life policies for faculty at leading medical schools in the United States. METHODS The sample includes the top ten medical schools in the United States published by U.S. News and World Report in August 2006. We followed a standardized protocol to collect seven work-life policies at each school: maternity leave, paternity leave, adoption leave, extension of the probationary period for family responsibilities, part-time faculty appointments, job sharing, and child care. A review of information provided on school websites was followed by e-mail or phone contact if needed. A rating system of 0-3 (low to high flexibility) developed by the authors was applied to these policies. Rating reflected flexibility and existing opinions in published literature. RESULTS Policies were often difficult to access. Individual scores ranged from 7 to 15 out of a possible 21 points. Extension of the probationary period received the highest cumulative score across schools, and job sharing received the lowest cumulative score. For each policy, there were important differences among schools. CONCLUSIONS Work-life policies showed considerable variation across schools. Policy information is difficult to access, often requiring multiple sources. Institutions that develop flexible work-life policies that are widely promoted, implemented, monitored, and reassessed are likely at an advantage in attracting and retaining faculty while advancing institutional excellence.
Exploring the social construction of masculinity and its differential expression in culturally different populations using a mixed method approach

Previous research on gender conflict and strain quantitatively measured traditional masculinity ideology from western societal norms. The current study added to the previous research and qualitatively studied masculinity performance in men from different cultures: Black, Asian, Latino. Results from this study added to masculinity research due to the mixed method approach of both quantitative and qualitative research in males from diverse groups. Information gained from this study enabled masculinity to be operationally defined by different cultural focus groups and compared in order to explore distinct masculinity expression. Information was gained by measuring traditional masculinity ideology quantitatively on the Male Role Norms Inventory-Short Form (MRNI-SF). In addition, the males participated in separate focus groups to provide narratives of their masculinity performance beyond their traditional masculine ideology measured on the MRNI-SF. The current study showed that traditional masculine gender ideology was similar within all males, but how they expressed their masculine ideology appeared different in the Black, Asian, and Latino focus groups. Information from the current study will add to the masculinity research and increase understanding on the complexity of masculinity expression due to the integration of multiple cultural variables. Such knowledge will also enhance the cultural competence of providers and improve mental health resources for diverse men.
The benefits of opening recommendation to human interaction

This paper describes work in progress that uses an interactive recommendation process to construct new objects which are tailored to user preferences. The novelty in our work is moving from the recommendation of static objects like consumer goods, movies or books, towards dynamically-constructed recommendations which are built as part of the recommendation process. As a proof-of-concept we build running or jogging routes for visitors to a city, recommending routes to users according to their preferences and we present details of this system.
High Resolution Pursuit for Feature Extraction Contact

Recently, adaptive approximation techniques have become popular for obtaining parsimonious representations of large classes of signals. These methods include method of frames, matching pursuit, and, most recently, basis pursuit. In this work, high resolution pursuit (HRP) is developed as an alternative to existing function approximation techniques. Existing techniques do not always efficiently yield representations which are sparse and physically interpretable. HRP is an enhanced version of the matching pursuit algorithm and overcomes the shortcomings of the traditional matching pursuit algorithm by emphasizing local fit over global fit at each stage. Further, the HRP algorithm has the same order of complexity as matching pursuit. In this paper, the HRP algorithm is developed and demonstrated on ID functions. Convergence properties of HRP are also examined. HRP is also suitable for extracting features which may then be used in recognition.
ANALISIS PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE STUDENT FACILITATOR AND EXPLAINING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS PESERTA DIDIK

Critical thinking skill of students is affected by many factors, including the learning model. There are many kinds of learning model; one of it is cooperative learning model with student facilitator and explaining type. This article discussed the results of research on the application of the student facilitator and explaining model in improving critical thinking skill of students in introduction of office administration subject. This study used a quasi-experimental method with Nonequivalent Control Group design. The results of conducted research showed a positive and significant difference in the application of the cooperative learning model with student facilitator and explaining type to improve critical thinking skill of learners.ABSTRAKKemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik dipengaruhi oleh banyak faktor, diantaranya adalah model pembelajaran,dimana model pembelajaran ini banyak sekali macamnya salah satunya adalah model cooverarative learning tipe student facilitator and eksplaining. Artikel ini membahas hasil penelitian tentang penerapan model student facilitator and eksplaining dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik pada mata pelajaran pengantar administrasi perkantoran. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen semu (quasi experiment) dengan desain Nonequivalent Control Group. Hasil penelitian yang dilakukan menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang positif dan signifikan dalam penerapan model pembelejaran kooperatif tipe student facilitator and eksplaining untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berpikir kritis peserta didik.
"I thought you loved me too?": Outcomes of discrepant involvement in romantic relationships

As romantic relationships begin and evolve, it is sometimes the case that partners are discrepant in their attraction to, love for, and commitment to each other. Data were collected from 460 undergraduates who completed a 40 item Internet survey on the various types of discrepancies and outcomes for their respective relationships. Results revealed that half of participants had been in a discrepant relationship in which they were more attracted to, in love with, and committed to their partner and half were less attracted, in love and committed than a partner in a current or past relationship. Men were significantly more likely than women to report that they had been in a discrepant relationship in which they were more in love with their partner. Being more attracted and less attracted, in love with, and committed was positively associated with infidelity. Depression was positively associated with being more or less attracted to, in love with and committed. Alcohol/drug use was positively associated with being more attracted and in love with a partner, as well as being less attracted and committed to a partner. Of discrepant relationships that ended, 45% were by the respondent, 20% mutually, and 11% by the partner. Of discrepant relationships that continued, 44% of the respondents reported that the discrepancies did not matter and that the respondents were happy despite the discrepancies.
An Investigation of the Risk and Return Relation at Long Horizons

This paper examines the relation between expected stock returns and their conditional volatility over different holding periods and across different states of the economy. Seminonparametric density estimation and Monte Carlo integration are used to obtain the expected returns and conditional volatility at various holding intervals. We uncover a significantly positive risk and return relation at long holding intervals, such as one and two years, which is nonexistent at short holding periods such as one month. We also show that the existing finding in the literature of a negative risk and return relation may be attributable to misspecification.
Analysis of Integrated Cloud Liquid and Precipitable Water Vapor Retrievals from the ARM Microwave Radiometer During SHEBA

Dual frequency, ground-based, Microwave Radiometers (MWRs) have been used for more than 20 years to derive columnar amounts of both water vapor (WV) and cloud liquid and a large number of studies have been made comparing retrievals of precipitable water vapor by MWRs vs. radiosondes and vs. Raman Lidar. Comparisons of MWR cloud liquid retrievals are much more limited, primarily because cloud liquid is not a quantity routinely measured by radiosondes. However, MWR retrievals of cloud liquid for warm stratocumulus clouds have compared well with both in situ aircraft and adiabatic estimates. Although MWRs have been used extensively for research on super-cooled liquid clouds in winter storms, comparisons with in situ measurements are scarce. However, the recent Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) experiment allowed several comparisons with aircraft in situ data (Curry et al. 2000). Data acquired in situ did not always agree with the original MWR liquid retrievals, with MWR estimates at times being too large by perhaps a factor of 2. These differences led us to examine in detail several of the assumptions that go into WV and integrated cloud liquid retrievals. As a preliminary to our analysis, we first outline the steps taken in moisture retrieval. We then examine several contemporary absorption algorithms for both clear and cloudy skies, and then evaluate differences in moisture retrieval using these algorithms. Finally, we apply these algorithms to the SHEBA MWR data.
Synthesis of Rosin Acid Starch Catalyzed by Lipase

Rosin, an abundant raw material from pine trees, was used as a starting material directly for the synthesis of rosin acid starch. The esterification reaction was catalyzed by lipase (Novozym 435) under mild conditions. Based on single factor experimentation, the optimal esterification conditions were obtained as follows: rosin acid/anhydrous glucose unit in the molar ratio 2 : 1, reaction time 4 h at 45°C, and 15% of lipase dosage. The degree of substitution (DS) reaches 0.098. Product from esterification of cassava starch with rosin acid was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy and iodine coloration analysis. Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the morphology and crystallinity of the cassava starch were largely destroyed. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that thermal stability of rosin acid starch decreased compared with native starch.
A Study on User Adoption of Cloud Storage Service in China: A Revised Unified theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology Model

Cloud services have been basically popularized in Europe and US, but in China especially in enterprise market the promotion of cloud services is quite difficult, it is necessary to explore the influencing factors of cloud services adoption. Combined with the unique characteristics of cloud storage service, we revised the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) model to evaluating the adoption of cloud storage service in China. Results of empirical study showed that perceived risk, personal innovativeness, performance expectancy, effort expectancy and social influence had significant effects on adoption intention, and adoption intention and facilitating conditions had significant effects on adoption behavior.
Analysis of Trunk Rolling Performances by Mattress Mobility Detection System in Poststroke Patients: A Pilot Study

Purpose. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation of kinematic variables with quality of trunk control in poststroke patients. Methods. This cross-sectional study included stroke subjects with mild to moderate motor deficit corresponding to Brunnstrom stages 3-4. Trunk functional performance was measured using bed mobility monitor system. All tasks were repeated ten times for both directions in each subject. Outcome measurements included the movement time and displacement of center of pressure (CoP) from supine to side lying and returning. Results. The results revealed that a significant longer turning time was observed when turning from the paretic side toward the nonparetic side compared to the other direction, with an estimated mean difference of 0.427 sec (P = 0.005). We found a significant difference in the time of rolling back to supine position between two directions. The displacement of CoP in rolling back from side lying on the nonparetic side was smaller than that from the paretic side with an estimated mean difference of −0.797 cm (P = 0.023). Conclusions. The impaired trunk mobility was associated with increased movement time and decreased displacement of CoP in poststroke patients. Trunk rolling performance has potential in assessment of stroke patients.
Distractions, Distractions: Does Instant Messaging Affect College Students' Performance on a Concurrent Reading Comprehension Task?

Instant messaging (IM) has become one of the most popular forms of computer-mediated communication (CMC) and is especially prevalent on college campuses. Previous research suggests that IM users often multitask while conversing online. To date, no one has yet examined the cognitive effect of concurrent IM use. Participants in the present study (N = 69) completed a reading comprehension task uninterrupted or while concurrently holding an IM conversation. Participants who IMed while performing the reading task took significantly longer to complete the task, indicating that concurrent IM use negatively affects efficiency. Concurrent IM use did not affect reading comprehension scores. Additional analyses revealed that the more time participants reported spending on IM, the lower their reading comprehension scores. Finally, we found that the more time participants reported spending on IM, the lower their self-reported GPA. Implications and future directions are discussed.
A Comparative Study of the Effectiveness of the “Most to Least” and “Constant Time Delay” Procedures in Training Girls with Moderate and Severe Intellectual Disability on some Independent Skills

The aim of the study is to recognize and compare the effectiveness of the two procedures (Most to Least Procedure and Constant Time Delay Procedure) in helping girls with Moderate and Severe Intellectual Disability to acquire some independent skills, specifically the tooth brushing skill. The number of trials and the period needed to acquire the skills, as well as the Percentage of Errors will determine the more effective procedure. This study used the semi-empirical research method. The sample study is composed of 6 girls registered and engaged at the General Qualification Center in Malaz, Riyadh city. The girls are divided into two equal groups and are subsequently trained to brush their teeth. The Most to Least Procedure was used with the first group and the Procedure of Constant Time Delay was used with the second group. The study findings showed that use of the Most to Least Procedure was effective, as the girls in the first group acquired the skill (tooth brushing) with a success rate of 100%. In addition, the girls were able to maintain this skill and generalize it. The rate of maintenance reached 100%, and the rate of generalization reached 82% - 94%. The procedure of Constant Time Delay also proved to be effective as the first and third girls acquired the targeted skill with a 100% success rate, while the second girl acquired it with 94% success rate. The ability to maintain this skill ranged between 64% - 100%, whereas the ability to generalize ranged between 88% - 94%. The study shows that the use of Constant Time Delay is more effective than the Most to Least Procedure in terms of the number of trials and time taken to acquire the skills, while maintaining a low percentage of errors. Girls acquired the skill of tooth brushing through use of Constant Time Delay in 64 sessions, while the total time taken to make all the girls acquire the skill was 486 minutes, with a percentage of errors of 5%. In the Most to Least Procedure, girls acquired the skill in 72 sessions and the total time taken for making all girls acquire the skill was 552 minutes with a total percentage of errors of 7%. Keywords: Most to Least Procedure, Constant Time Delay, Independent Skills, Moderate & Severe Intellectual Disability
Value of long-term administration of acyclovir and similar agents for protecting against AIDS-related lymphoma: case-control and historical cohort studies.

Acyclovir or similar agents with activity against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) theoretically may prevent non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in AIDS. A case-control study of 29 patients with AIDS-related NHL and 58 matched control subjects assessed the frequency with which daily acyclovir (>/=800 mg/d) or similar agents were used for > or =1 year. In a historical cohort of 304 patients with AIDS for > or =2 years, the prevalence of NHL was assessed among 3 groups of patients: those who received long-term treatment with high-dose acyclovir (or similar agents) or low-dose or intermittent acyclovir; those treated with ganciclovir/foscarnet for <1 year; and those who had not previously been treated with acyclovir, ganciclovir, or foscarnet. In the case-control study, 22 patients (72.4%) with NHL never received acyclovir or similar drugs versus 19 control subjects (32.8%; P=. 002); 2 patients (6.9%) with NHL received acyclovir (> or =800 mg/d) for > or =1 year versus 27 (46.6%) of control subjects (P=.0001). In the cohort study, 6 (6.8%) of 88 patients who received acyclovir (> or =800 mg/d) for > or =1 year developed NHL versus 15 (15.5%) of 97 patients who received intermittent or lower-dose acyclovir and 30 (25.2%) of 119 patients who never received these agents (P=.002). Long-term administration (>1 year) of high-dose acyclovir or similar agents with anti-EBV activity may prevent NHL in patients with AIDS. A prospective, randomized study is warranted to confirm these results.
Neuroimaging Analysis of the Dopamine Basis for Apathetic Behaviors in an MPTP-Lesioned Primate Model

Apathy commonly occurs in Parkinson disease (PD) patients; however, the role of dopamine in the pathophysiology of apathy remains elusive. We previously demonstrated that dopaminergic dysfunction within the ventral tegmental area (VTA)-nucleus accumbens (NAcc) pathway contributes to the manifestation of apathetic behaviors in monkeys treated with the selective dopaminergic neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). We now extend these studies to identify dopaminergic dysfunction in cortical regions that correlate with development of apathetic behaviors. Specifically, we measured the effects of MPTP on monkeys' willingness to attempt goal directed behaviors, which is distinct from their ability to perform tasks. A total of 16 monkeys had baseline magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography (PET), using 6-[18F]fluorodopa (FD), [11C]dihydrotetrabenazine (DTBZ), and 2β-[11C]carbomethoxy-3β-(4-fluorophenyl)tropane (CFT). The monkeys received unilateral infusion of different doses of MPTP (0 – 0.31mg/kg) to produce a wide range of severity of motor parkinsonism. Eight weeks after MPTP, PET scans were repeated and animals were euthanized. Apathetic behavior and motor impairments were assessed blindly both pre- and post-MPTP infusion. Apathy scores were compared to in vitro and in vivo dopaminergic measures. Apathy scores increased following MPTP and correlated with PET measures of dopaminergic terminals (DTBZ or CFT) in dorsal lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC), and insular cortex (IC). Among all the cortical regions assessed, forward step-wise regression analyses indicated that only stereologic cell counts in VTA, and not counts in the substantia nigra (SN), predict dopamine transporter changes in IC. Our findings suggest that dopaminergic dysfunction within the VTA–IC pathway plays a role in the manifestation of apathetic behaviors in MPTP-lesioned primates.
Training product unit networks using cooperative particle swarm optimisers

The cooperative particle swarm optimiser (CPSO) is a variant of the particle swarm optimiser (PSO) that splits the problem vector, for example a neural network weight vector, across several swarms. The paper investigates the influence that the number of swarms used (also called the split factor) has on the training performance of a product unit neural network. Results are presented, comparing the training performance of the two algorithms, PSO and CPSO, as applied to the task of training the weight vector of a product unit neural network.
Globular Cluster System erosion in elliptical galaxies

Context. In this paper we analyze data of 8 elliptical galaxies in orde r to study the difference between their globular cluster systems (GCSs) radial distributions and those of the galactic stell ar component. In all the galaxies studied here the globular c luster system density profile is significantly flatter toward the galactic c entre than that of stars. Aims. A flatter profile of the radial distribution of globular clust er system respect to that of the galactic stellar component i s a difference which has an astrophysical relevance. A quantitative comparative analysis of the profiles may give light on both galaxy a nd globular cluster formation and evolution. If the difference is due to erosion of the globular cluster system, the m issing GCs in the galactic central region may have actually merged around the galactic centre and formed, or at least increased in mass, the galacti c nucleus. An observational support to this is the clear correlation betw een the galaxy integrated magnitude and the number of globular clusters lost and that between the central massive black hole mass and the total mass of globular clusters lost. Methods. We fitted the stellar and globular cluster system radial profi les in a set of galaxies observed at high resolution. We saw that the globular cluster system profile is less peaked to the gala ctic centre than the stellar one is. Assuming this difference as due to GCS evolution starting from a radial distribution which was ini tially indistinguishable from that of stars, we may evaluat e the number (and mass) of GCs ‘disappeared’ by a simple normalization proced ure. Results. The number of missing globular clusters is significant, rang ing from 21% to 71% of their initial population abundance in the eight galaxies examined. The corresponding mass lost to the central galactic region is 7× 10 7 -1.85× 10 9 M⊙. All this mass carried toward central galactic regions have likely had an importan t feedback on the innermost galactic region, including its v iolent transient activity (AGN) and local massive black hole formation and growth.