Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Genomic Background and Generation Time Influence Deleterious Mutation Rates in Daphnia

Understanding how genetic variation is generated and how selection shapes mutation rates over evolutionary time requires knowledge of the factors influencing mutation and its effects on quantitative traits. We explore the impact of two factors, genomic background and generation time, on deleterious mutation in Daphnia pulicaria, a cyclically parthenogenic aquatic microcrustacean, using parallel mutation-accumulation experiments. The deleterious mutational properties of life-history characters for individuals from two different populations, and for individuals maintained at two different generation times, were quantified and compared. Mutational properties varied between populations, especially for clutch size, suggesting that genomic background influences mutational properties for some characters. Generation time was found to have a greater effect on mutational properties, with higher per-generation deleterious mutation rates in lines with longer generation times. These results suggest that differences in genetic architecture among populations and species may be explained in part by demographic features that significantly influence generation time and therefore the rate of mutation.
The light curve of the semiregular variable L2 Puppis – I. A recent dimming event from dust

The nearby Mira-like variable L2 Pup is shown to be undergoing an unprecedented dimming episode. The stability of the period rules out intrinsi c changes to the star, leaving dust formation along the line of sight as the most likely explanation. Episodic dust obscuration events are fairly common in carbon stars but have not been seen in oxygen-rich stars. We also present a 10-� m spectrum, taken with the Japanese IRTS satellite, showing strong silicate emission which can be fitted with a detached, thin dust s hell, containing silicates and corundum.
Integrated ANN model for earthfill dams seepage analysis: Sattarkhan Dam in Iran

Piezometric heads in the core of Sattarkhan earthfill dam in Iran have been analyzed in this paper via Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Single and integrated ANN models were trained and verified using each piezometer’s data, and also the water levels on the up and downstream of the dam. Therefore, in the single ANN modeling a single ANN was developed for each piezometer, whereas in the integrated ANN modeling only a unique ANN was trained for all piezometers at different cross sections of the dam. Three-layered Perceptron ANN trained with Back Propagation Levenberg-Marquardt scheme was employed in the single modeling; while, two different ANN algorithms, the feed-forward back-propagation (FFBP) and the radial basis function (RBF) were employed to develop integrated ANNs. The number of hidden neurons were determined 5 and 7 for single ANNs, whereas 6 hidden neurons for the integrated FFBP ANN, and the spread value of 0.5 for the integrated RBF. The results show good agreement between computed and observed water heads at different monitoring piezometers with validation determination coefficients higher than 0.7984 in the single and 0.87 and 0.67 in the FFBP and RBF integrated modeling, respectively. Thereafter, the results of the ANNs were satisfactorily compared with the results of a physically based model (Finite Element Model, FEM).
Catastrophic Forgetting and the Pseudorehearsal Solution in Hopfield-type Networks

Pseudorehearsal is a mechanism proposed by Robins which alleviates catastrophic forgetting in multi-layer perceptron networks. In this paper, we extend the exploration of pseudorehearsal to a Hopfield-type net. The same general principles apply: old information can be rehearsed if it is available, and if it is not available, then generating and rehearsing approximations of old information that 'map' the behaviour of the network can also be effective at preserving the actual old information itself. The details of the pseudorehearsal mechanism, however, benefit from being adapted to the dynamics of Hopfield nets so as to exploit the extra attractors created in state space during learning. These attractors are usually described as 'spurious' or 'cross-talk', and regarded as undesirable, interfering with the retention of the trained population items. Our simulations have shown that, in another sense, such attractors can in fact be useful in preserving the learned population. In general terms, a solution to th.
Structure or Relationship? Rethinking Family Inﬂuences on Juvenile Delinquency in Malaysia

A broken family structure and poor family relationship are seen as contributing to delinquent behavior in different ways. Despite Malaysian society being strongly focused on family values, there have been significant increases in the rates of both divorce and single-parent families. Thus, there is the question of whether these changes in family structure are a contributing factor to the increasing rate of juvenile delinquency seen in recent years. This study aims to examine the relative influences of family structure and family relationship on juvenile delinquent behavior in Malaysia. A sample of 196 juveniles from two rehabilitation centers in Malaysia participated in this study. The study finds that there are no significant correlations between family structure and juvenile delinquent behavior. The data show that a significant percentage of juveniles are not from broken families. Most, however, do experience a poor-quality family relationship.
The role of electron dissipation on the rate of collisionless magnetic reconnection

Particle simulations and analytic arguments are presented to demonstrate that the electron dissipation region, including the physics which breaks the frozen‐in condition, does not affect the rate of reconnection in collisionless plasma. The result is a general consequence of the quadratic nature of the dispersion character of whistler waves, which control the plasma dynamics at small scales. The reconnection rate is instead controlled by the dynamics at length scales much greater than the electron dissipation region.
A Study of Coding Systems for the Wartegg Test and their Relations with the Rorschach (R- PAS)

The Wartegg Test is composed of eight squares with small graphical stimuli in which the person must elaborate drawings from them. Although existing for almost 80 years, it still features inconsistencies in terms of validity evidence and, therefore, its use in decision making. This research aimed to propose a new mode for coding and interpretation for the technique and was divided into two studies. In the fi rst, fi ve different systems were identifi ed with the aim of verifying potential variables with greater discriminative power. In the second, six judges verifi ed which Rorschach variables could be used in a similar way in the Wartegg Test. The new system proposed presents 13 groups of classifi cation criteria, such as orientation, localization, size, content, quality of the objects, form quality, common response, particular characteristics, special codes, line pressure, line type, repetition, sequence analysis and title.
Self-direction as potential predictor of undergraduates' entrepreneurial intentions

Entrepreneurial motivations merit further scholarly research owing to their scientific power to explain and predict entrepreneurial intentions and behaviours. This study bridges two streams of literature from entrepreneurial values and entrepreneurial intentions for new venture creation in the context of 205 students from a Malaysian private university. Additionally, the adoption of theoretically sound, rigorously developed and psycho-metrically validated values and intention measurement instruments, as well as structural equation modelling technique, advances entrepreneurial intentions research in terms of theoretical sophistication and methodological rigour. Utilising a comprehensive values model to scrutinise the simultaneous influence of five individualistic values, the results revealed that only self-direction is a significant predictor of undergraduates' entrepreneurial intentions for new venture creation. The triangulation of findings from this study and other evidence suggests that self-direction is potentially a universal motivation for new venture creation. Consequently, to maximise results, entrepreneurship education programmes and trainings should target those undergraduates highly motivated by self-direction.
Facebook use, personality characteristics and academic performance: A correlational study

The present paper examines the relationship between the students personality, use of social media and their academic performance and engagement. In specific, the aim of this study is to examine the relationship of students facebook (fb) use and personality characteristics using the Big Five Personality Test with (a) student engagement, (b) time spent preparing for class, (c) time spent in co-curricular activities and (d) academic performance. Results illustrate that fb time was significantly positively correlated to student engagement and time spent preparing for class. Finally, some of the facebook activities and the students personality characteristics are significantly positively related and some others significantly negatively related to each one of the dependent variables of the study. The implications of the study both for instructors and the students, are also discussed.
The influence of distal antecedents on organization-public relationships

ABSTRACT This study proposed a conceptual model of organization-public relationships (OPRs) that draws distinctions between the distal (enduring individual, organizational, and environmental factors) and proximal (situational individual and organizational behaviors and interactions) antecedents that precede and influence OPR perceptions. Using an online survey of 514 adults residing in the United States, this study identified which relational antecedents motivated individuals to enter OPRs across different types of organizations. Additionally, the study examined the relative influence of motives, perceived issue congruence, and perceived value congruence on individuals’ perceptions of OPRs. Findings suggest social/cultural expectations and risk reduction are the most common motives for entering OPRs; however, perceived issue and value congruence with the organization are more influential than other antecedents in shaping cognitions regarding OPRs.
Estimating One’s Own and Other’s Psychological Test Scores

This paper examines how accurate people are at estimating their own psychometric test results, which assess personality, intelligence, approach to learning and other factors. Seven groups of students completed a battery of power (general intelligence, fluid intelligence, creativity and general knowledge) tests and preference (approaches to learning, emotional intelligence, Big Five personality) tests. Two months later (before receiving feedback on their psychometric scores) they estimated their own scores and that of a class acquaintance who they claimed to know well on these variables. Results from the different samples were reasonably consistent. They showed that participants could significantly predict/estimate their own Neuroticism, Extraversion and Conscientiousness scores, as well as their General, Fluid and Crystalised intelligence, Approaches to Learning, Creativity and Happiness. Correlations between estimated and test-derived scores for an acquaintance were around half those for self-estimates and better for personality than ability. Participants self and “other” estimates were nearly all significantly positive. The discussion considers when, if ever, self-estimated scores can be used as proxy for test scores and what self-estimated scores indicate. Limitations are considered.
The Magnitude, Share and Determinants of Private Costs Incurred by Clients (and Their Caregivers) of In-home Publicly Financed Care

Home-based health services remain one of the fastest-growing sectors in the Canadian healthcare system. While there have been studies addressing the characteristics of home care users and the determinants of utilization, the costs associated with the use of home care services, particularly private costs, have been largely neglected. To gain a comprehensive appreciation of the financing context in which ambulatory and homebased care is delivered and received, it is imperative to assess costs incurred by clients and their family/friends. Accordingly, this study examined the magnitude and determinants of the share of private costs incurred by Ontarians who received in-home publicly financed services and by their unpaid caregivers. The private share of costs was found to be 75%. Determinants of the private share included participants’ gender, martial status, functioning in activities of daily living and the type and length of service received. These findings suggest that recipients of home-based health services in Ontario may bear an economic burden when care is shifted into the home setting.
Disposability and gendered control in labor migration: Limiting women’s mobility through cultural and institutional norms

In this article, I draw upon interviews with 30 Nepali returned women migrant workers to elucidate how the gendered institutional logics of both the Nepali state and for-profit manpower companies synergistically function to constrain women’s mobility. In particular, I focus on women migrant workers who migrate illegally to Gulf countries to work as domestic laborers, as this constitutes one of the largest channels of women’s labor migration from Nepal. To illuminate the particulars of Nepali women migrant workers’ experiences, I employ two theoretical frameworks, both developed by feminist political economists within the context of feminized workplaces broadly and global factory floors specifically. The first framework presents a logic of female disposability as shaping the feminized workforce of the global South. The second framework presents a logic of gendered control as doing the same. In this article, I show how these dual logics can be applied to women’s foreign labor migration in Nepal, and argue that these logics operate simultaneously through the various institutions that Nepali women navigate during migration. The Nepali case shows how both logics serve ultimately to limit women’s mobility and bolster the authority of institutions and organizations historically controlled by men—for example, the family, the state, transnational corporations—over women migrants. By bringing these two logics to bear on a case of women domestic workers’ migration from the global South, this article offers new insights into the functioning of institutions central to this large-scale, transnational movement of people.
The generalized scaling function of AdS/CFT and semiclassical string theory

Recently, Freyhult, Rej and Staudacher (FRS) proposed an integral equation determining the leading logarithmic term of the anomalous dimension of (2) twist-operators in = 4 SYM for large Lorentz spin M and twist L at fixed j = L/log M. We discuss the large j limit of the FRS equation. This limit can be matched with the fast long string limit of AdS5 × S5 superstring perturbation theory at all couplings. In particular, a certain part of the classical and one-loop string result is known to be protected and can be computed in the weakly coupled large-j limit of the FRS equation. We present various analytical and numerical results supporting agreement at one and two loops in the gauge theory.
How Many Bits of Feedback is Multiuser Diversity Worth in MIMO Downlink?

The impact of multiuser diversity on MIMO downlink is generally measured in terms of two asymptotic quantities derived from the sum-rate, namely the scaling law of the sum-rate versus the number of users n (for a fixed signal-to-noise ratio, SNR) and the multiplexing gain (i.e., asymptotic growth of the sum-rate versus SNR). Designing optimal strategies with respect to these two criteria requires the availability of channel state information (CSI) at the transmitter, which in turn demands feedback of information from receivers to the transmitter. An open question is: how many bits of feedback are really necessary to achieve optimality of these criteria, i.e., to fully exploit multiuser diversity? In this paper, the optimal scaling law of the sum-rate with respect to n, for fixed SNR, fixed number of transmit antennas M and any number of receiving antennas N (i.e., M log log nN), is proved to be achievable with a deterministic feedback of only one bit per user. The impact of adding feedback bits is also investigated. Furthermore, it is shown that the optimal multiplexing gain of M is guaranteed if the total feedback per cell is proportional to the SNR (in dB). The proofs build on opportunistic beamforming and binary quantization of the signal-to-noise-plus-interference ratio
The Mania of Morphemic Analysis: Multisyllabic, Meaningful, Magical

As academic expectations have increased in recent years due to the rigors of the Common Core State Standards, students are encountering a greater rate of multisyllabic words earlier in their schooling. Proficiency in reading has not paralleled this upward trend. Students are not receiving sufficient instruction to enable them to successfully decode and derive meaning from the multisyllabic words in their texts. To ascertain the effects of multisyllabic instruction on student performance in upper elementary students, we formulated an instructional model to teach syllabication and word morphology to determine if explicit instruction in syllabication and structural analysis had an effect on students’ overall decoding. This small-scale action research project, conducted over a six-week span included 12 upper elementary students in grades three and five, who had been identified through district assessments as struggling readers requiring tier II and III reading support. Following explicit instruction in the six syllable types, syllable patterns, affixes, and morphology, students had opportunities to practice newly-acquired skills in contextual application. Results indicated that integration of direct instruction and authentic application is an effective strategy for increasing word accuracy and comprehension. While students attained minimal gains in word reading in isolation, all students increased their instructional levels for oral reading and approached district benchmarks at the conclusion of the study.
An analytical model for the ROHC RTP profile

In this paper, we propose an analytical model for the RTP profile of robust header compression (ROHC) [C. Bormann et al., July 2001]. The model assumes that the RTP compressor and decompressor work in the unidirectional mode (U-Mode). It includes the features such as W-LSB encoding scheme, state-transition, compression slow-start and periodic context refreshment etc. It has been validated with NS-2 [NS-2 network simulator]. The model explains clearly how the robustness is enhanced by the W-LSB encoding scheme. It can also be used to analyze the performance of the header compression in the different wireless network.
Assessment of Heavy Elements in Suspended Dust Along the Murree Highway Near Capital City of Pakistan

2 Abstract: This study was aimed for the investigation of heavy elements in suspended dust along the Murree Highway passing close to Islamabad, the capital city of Pakistan. The dust accumulated on the filters of Air Conditioners (ACs) was collected from various buildings along the Murree Highway. After sieving, the dust samples were digested as per Method 3050B of United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). The samples were analysed for the elements As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn by applying Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (FAAS). The average concentration values of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn in dust were found to be 42.8±14.9, 8.4±3.3, 93±27.3, 156.9±55, 47.8±24.8, 145.8±33.8, 890±350 mg kg respectively. 1 The enhanced values of Cd, Cu and Zn heavy metals may be due to human activities such as industrial processes and high density road traffic.
Nursing Students' Opinions on Facilitating and Hindering Factors in the Clinical Training Setting

Clinical training for nursing students is essential in any nursing program because nursing is a discipline that requires students to apply theoretical knowledge into clinical training setting and acquire various skills to enhance their performance. The study aimed to identify nursing students’ opinions on facilitating and hindering factors in the clinical training setting. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used. The study was conducted in the Faculty of Nursing King Abdulaziz University on 86 student nurses enrolled in 2nd, 3rd, and 4th year. The tool was developed by the researchers and consists of two parts: Part I: Demographic characteristics. Part II: This part includes 42 items, 15 items related to facilitating factors and 27 items hindering factors. The study results showed that there was a statistically significant difference among all three academic years of the student nurses regarding common hindering factors named patient’s morning care, difficulty in being initiative or not being self-reliant, feeling of not being treated seriously/receiving condescending comments from the supervisor, and insufficient supervision or supervisors irritated or not interested. While no statistically significant difference among all three academic years of the student nurses opinions in relation to the common facilitating factors. Conclusions: The common facilitating factors among all students in the present study were patient family cooperation help me to be more confident, having opportunities to practice different tasks gives confidence, more practice makes learning from mistakes, being receiving feedback gives self-confidence, having a good collaboration with staff gives the confidence to ask questions or show weakness, and working with another student-helped make the work and care of the client go smoothly. Furthermore, the common hindering factors among all students were fear of making mistakes, evaluation by faculty, patient’s morning care, lack of time to accomplish the required tasks, difficulty in being initiative or not being self-reliant, receiving condescending comments from the supervisor, and insufficient supervision and supervisors not interested. Recommendations: Develop an organized supervision system, through specialized clinical supervisors, and assigned preceptors from the hospital to help the students in the clinical training. Develop a standardized evaluation form to support and fair evaluation. Prepare the students before direct contact with the patients, through attending simulation training to minimize mistakes when contact with the patients in the clinical setting.