Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The return of moral motivation in predicting collective action against collective disadvantage

Abstract The social psychology of collective action against collective disadvantage has hitherto underspecified, not to say neglected, the profound power of moral motivations. This is particularly important because moral motivations can unite disadvantaged and advantaged group members to fight for a joint cause (e.g., civil rights). After a brief review of the literature on collective action and moral motivation, we propose that moral convictions, defined as strong and absolute stances on moralised issues, represent an essential part of moral motivation. Hence, any violation of a moral conviction motivates individuals to change the situation. Because this motivation leads to identification with the relevant group, it effectively integrates moral conviction with the Social Identity Model of Collective Action (SIMCA; Van Zomeren, Postmes & Spears, 2008). This model suggests that a relevant social identity is the psychological basis for undertaking collective action motivated by group identification, group-based anger, and group efficacy. Our approach thus explains how seemingly individualistic moral convictions can have collective consequences.
Northern Ireland Special Educational Needs Coordinators creating inclusive environments: an epic struggle

A key role in the development of inclusive practices in schools and classrooms is that of the Special Educational Needs Coordinator (SENCO), a role that has changed most radically since the introduction of the Code of Practice in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Through interviews with SENCOs in primary and post‐primary schools in Northern Ireland, the present study sought to examine the extent to which they created inclusive environments. Specifically, it investigated the scope and main challenges of their work, the support received and how far initial teacher education and in‐service training underpin inclusion and, thereby, the SENCO’s role. The findings showed that the responsibilities, skills and attributes expected of the SENCO were numerous and that it was a core position, yet carried a substantial teaching load, that the role was strongly managerial and that there was fragmented support in practical terms. Despite expectations that the SENCO would initiate and implement improved inclusive strategies, many significant obstacles persisted and progress could be slow considering, for example, teacher knowledge of, and attitudes towards, special needs. A much sharper focus is needed on all phases of the teacher education continuum as they impact on inclusive cultures at whole‐school and classroom level. The SENCOs identified their own perceptions of key factors to make inclusion work.
Practice adaptive reserve and colorectal cancer screening best practices at community health center clinics in 7 states

Enhancing the capability of community health centers to implement best practices (BPs) may mitigate health disparities. This study investigated the association of practice adaptive reserve (PAR) with the implementation of patient‐centered medical home (PCMH) colorectal cancer (CRC) screening BPs at community health center clinics in 7 states.
Symbolism and Strategic Change in Academia: The Dynamics of Sensemaking and Influence

This study investigated the uses of sensemaking, influence, and symbolism in launching a strategic change effort at a university. It employed an ethnographic/interpretive approach in examining the ways that symbols, metaphors, and various subtle influence processes were used to lend meaning to concepts and possible courses of action by a task force instrumental to the strategic change process. Two distinct researcher perspectives were used: an “insider” perspective employing several informants along with an active participant-observer and an “outsider” perspective employing several researchers. Both perspectives were brought to bear as a means of countering the “researcher arrogance” that typifies organizational study by lending balanced voice to both insider and outsider interpretations of events. The findings showed that sensemaking and influence emerged as fundamental processes in the instigation of strategic change. Both processes were symbolically based and varied in directionality over the life of the task force (internally directed in the embryonic phases, and externally directed in the mature phases). Contrary to common wisdom, sensemaking and influence emerged as frequently coincident, interdependent processes that were difficult to distinguish from each other. The discovery of the common symbolic base for scnsemaking and influence also indicated that symbols served both expressive and instrumental roles: suggesting that the accepted view of symbols as predominantly expressive devices does not present a complete picture of their dynamic nature. The use of symbolism also was shown simultaneously to reveal and conceal different aspects of the change process, thus providing task force members the means to circumvent resistance while accomplishing desired action. Symbols and metaphors thus facilitated both cognitive understanding and intended action in attempting to “reinstitutionalize” a major public university via the strategic change process. Overall, the study suggests that efforts to stabilize an organizational system in flux from the systematic upheaval represented by strategic change can be understood as the symbolic interplay between sensemaking and influence.
Whole Genome Sequence-Based Analyses of Drug Resistance Characteristics, Genetic Diversity, and Transmission Dynamics of Drug-Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Urumqi City

Objective This study aims to analyze the drug resistance spectrum, genetic diversity, and transmission dynamics to provide a basis for the prevention and control of drug-resistant (DR) tuberculosis (TB) epidemics. Methods This retrospective study is based on routine national drug resistance surveillance. The demographic, epidemiological, and clinical information on DR-TB patients from 2016 to 2021 was collected and used for phenotypic drug susceptibility testing and whole-genome sequencing. Results It was indicated that L2.2. 1 was the dominant lineage in Urumqi. The drug resistance spectrum in Urumqi was narrow, which means more drug combinations can be used for clinical treatment. Furthermore, mutations identification of drug-resistance gene katG, rpoB, embA/B, rrs, rpsL, eis, gyrA/B, folC and tryA are important for clinical drug use. However, mutations in cross-resistance genes rrs have limited guidance for clinical selection of KM, CPM and AK. Moreover, there is an increased risk of cluster transmission of DR-TB, and the difference in clustering rate among L2, L3, and L4 was not statistically significant (χ2 = 2.6410, p = 0.2670). Conclusion In the Urumqi, DR-TB has a complex prevalence state, a narrow drug resistance spectrum, and a high clustering rate and burden of drug resistance. To reduce the burden of DR-TB, related research should be strengthened, and the development of prevention, control, and treatment strategies should be accelerated.
Joggers versus Nonexercisers: An Analysis of Knowledge, Attitudes and Beliefs about Jogging

Abstract The Health Belief Model was utilized to examine the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of individuals regarding regular jogging. Based on an elicitation procedure developed by Martin Fishbein, a questionnaire was developed according to the theoretical tenets of the Health Belief Model and was found to be valid and reliable. Responses from 124 joggers and 96 nonexercisers were analyzed, and significant differences were found. Factors which accounted for the largest portion of predictable variance (40%) were barriers to action such as lack of time, job or family responsibilities, or weather constraints. As a whole, the results provided support for the Health Belief Model in that 61% of the variance in jogging behavior was determined. The study suggests that physical and health educators might more effectively change the behavior of sedentary individuals by utilizing strategies which address perceived obstacles to jogging.
Impact de la féminisation lexicale des professions sur l'auto-efficacité des élèves: une remise en cause de l'universalisme masculin?

The participants of this study, two hundred fifty French pupils aged fourteen and fifteen years, had to estimate their degree of self-efficacy toward various occupations. According to the experimental condition, occupations were presented only with the male grammatical gender [e.g., enseignant] or with the feminine grammatical gender [e.g., enseignant(e)] . Results obtained in this study indicate that, on average, pupils reported significantly more self- efficacy when occupations were presented with the feminine grammatical gender. Implications of this result are discussed with regard to the lack of the feminine grammatical gender in French for the most prestigious occupations.
Servant leadership in Italy and its relation to organizational variables

This paper aimed to investigate three issues. First, the validation of the multi-dimensional Servant Leadership Survey (SLS) within the Italian context. Second, to enhance insight into the degree of servant leadership behaviour displayed by Italian leaders in organizational settings. Third, to support the fact that in Italy, too, servant leadership is positively correlated to leadership integrity, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behaviour while it is negatively correlated to cynicism towards one’s own work. A sample of about 800 adults, males and females, currently employed in profit and non-profit organizations, took part in the study. The factorial structure of SLS found support, and the survey showed satisfactory psychometric properties and reliability. Servant leadership expressed by Italian leaders turned out to be lower than in The Netherlands and in the UK. SLS scores were positively associated with leadership integrity, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behaviour, and negatively associated for cynicism.
Knowledge Questions from Knowledge Graphs

We address the problem of automatically generating quiz-style knowledge questions from a knowledge graph such as DBpedia. Questions of this kind have ample applications, for instance, to educate users about or to evaluate their knowledge in a specific domain. To solve the problem, we propose a novel end-to-end approach. The approach first selects a named entity from the knowledge graph as an answer. It then generates a structured triple-pattern query, which yields the answer as its sole result. If a multiple-choice question is desired, the approach selects alternative answer options as distractors. Finally, our approach uses a template-based method to verbalize the structured query and yield a natural language question. A key challenge is estimating how difficult the generated question is to human users. To do this, we make use of historical data from the Jeopardy! quiz show and a semantically annotated Web-scale document collection, engineer suitable features, and train a logistic regression classifier to predict question difficulty. Experiments demonstrate the viability of our overall approach.
Discourse Analysis and City Plans

The use of discourse theory as a tool for critical analysis has been ex plored by several planning theorists. Two understandings of discourse can be identified in planning literature: the understanding derived from Ha bermas's critical theory which has been adapted for planners by John Forester, and the understanding based on Foucault's work which has been employed by Christine Boyer. Brief summaries of these two tradi tions are followed by a reading of planners' own major discourse — the city plan — in order to identify some of its enduring discursive traits. The significance of these traits is then discussed in terms of some of the key tenets of current postmodern theory.
Place‐based Education in an Urban Environment1

Maggie Russell-Ciardi obtained her M.A. in Latin American Studies from New York University and her B.A. in labour studies and Spanish from Oberlin College. She is the education director at the Lower East Side Tenement Museum. Before joining the Tenement Museum staff, she managed a grant programme for organizations seeking to strengthen inter-group relations in communities with new immigrant residents. She has also served as the advocacy director at the Center for Immigrant Rights and has worked as an organizer of migrant farm workers.
Design of an internal quad-band antenna for mobile phones

This letter presents the design of a compact Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) suitable for cellular telephone applications. The quarter-wavelength antenna combines the use of a slot, shorted parasitic patches and capacitive loads to achieve multiband operation. The commercial electromagnetic software IE3D is used to design and optimize the structure. The resulting antenna can operate from 880 to 960 MHz and 1710 to 2170 MHz covering GSM, DCS, PCS, and UMTS standards with a VSWR better than 2.5. Good agreement is found between simulated and measured results.
SWI/SNF Complexes Containing Brahma or Brahma-Related Gene 1 Play Distinct Roles in Smooth Muscle Development

ABSTRACT SWI/SNF ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling complexes containing either Brahma-related gene 1 (Brg1) or Brahma (Brm) play important roles in mammalian development. In this study we examined the roles of Brg1 and Brm in smooth muscle development, in vivo, through generation and analysis of mice harboring a smooth muscle-specific knockout of Brg1 on wild-type and Brm null backgrounds. Knockout of Brg1 from smooth muscle in Brg1flox/flox mice expressing Cre recombinase under the control of the smooth muscle myosin heavy-chain promoter resulted in cardiopulmonary defects, including patent ductus arteriosus, in 30 to 40% of the mice. Surviving knockout mice exhibited decreased expression of smooth muscle-specific contractile proteins in the gastrointestinal tract, impaired contractility, shortened intestines, disorganized smooth muscle cells, and an increase in apoptosis of intestinal smooth muscle cells. Although Brm knockout mice had normal intestinal structure and function, knockout of Brg1 on a Brm null background exacerbated the effects of knockout of Brg1 alone, resulting in an increase in neonatal lethality. These data show that Brg1 and Brm play critical roles in regulating development of smooth muscle and that Brg1 has specific functions within vascular and gastrointestinal smooth muscle that cannot be performed by Brm.
Open source software reliability model

We collected bug tracking data from a few popular open source projects and investigated the time related bug reporting patterns from them. The results indicate that along its development cycle, open source projects exhibit similar reliability growth pattern with that of closed source project. Bug arrivals of most open source project will stabilize at a very low level, even though in comparison, no formal testing activities are involved. This stabilizing point would be viewed as the mature point for adoption consideration. The results also show that general Weibull distribution offers possible way to establish the reliability model; Also, popular measures such as page views and download are not highly correlated with the bug arrival rate and may not be suitable measures for a project's quality.
Self-Efficacy, Goal Orientation, and Fear of Failure as Predictors of School Engagement in High School Students.

Lack of school engagement among adolescents in this country remains a problem that can have very serious consequences including increased risk for school dropout, substance use, teenage pregnancy, and criminal activity. Clearly, identification of psychological variables (self-variables) of individuals that facilitate or hinder adolescents' levels of school engagement would contribute greatly to the understanding of how to increase adolescents' psychological well-being and their achievement motivation and associated school engagement. The present study examined the degree of association of three specific self-variables (self-efficacy, goal orientation, and fear of failure) with school engagement for high school students. The results and implications for intervention and future research are addressed. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Psychol Schs 40: 417–427, 2003.
MEMORY COMPLAINTS IN ELDERLY PEOPLE: THE ROLE OF MEMORY ABILITIES, METAMEMORY, DEPRESSION, AND PERSONALITY

This study examined the relation between memory complaints, memory performance, and metamemory variables by comparing a group of elderly participants (n = 50) with memory complaints with a group of participants without memory complaints (n = 52). The groups were matched for age, sex, and education; mean age was 63 years. Data were also collected for personality variables (anxiety, neu‐roticism) and affective state. Metamemory was measured with the Metamemory in Adulthood (MIA) questionnaire. The memory tests used were the Auditory Verbal Learning Test, the Rivermead Behavioral Memory test, and two category fluency tasks. Significant group differences were found on all subscales of the MIA (except Locus) and for verbal fluency and depression. Logistic regression analysis with depression, memory performance, and the MIA as independent variables showed that only the memory self‐efficacy factor of the MIA (Capacity, Change, and Anxiety subscales) could discriminate between the groups. Furthermore, those in th.
Examining Contexts-of-Use for Web-Based and Paper-Based Questionnaires

Questionnaire instruments are frequently administered in digital formats, largely web-based, without much systematic investigation of possible effects from these administration methods. Furthermore, little attention has been given to the contextual lack of control for extraneous factors that may influence user responses. In this study, 263 university students were randomly assigned to one of two administration formats, web-based (WBA) or paper-based (PBA), to complete a set of questionnaires in an environment of their choice. Data collection included reporting context characteristics along three parameters: location, companions, and concurrent activities (including help-seeking). Outcomes of interest included location and conditions of user-chosen contexts, instrument performance, generative data quantity and quality, independence of completion, administrative efficiency, and participant affect. Participants did choose and allow distracters in their contexts-of-use, completing the questionnaires while engaged in multiple social and asocial concurrent activities. There were generally small but significant differences in instrument performance and user response characteristics by administration method and contexts-of-use. Participant comfort and data returned were both higher in PBA than WBA. Quantity return of generative data was higher in WBA while overall quality (completeness, coherence, correctness) of generative data was not significantly different. These findings present implications of administrative methods and contextual influences that inform measurement professionals’ selection and design of administrative systems and conditions for research and evaluation data collection.
A GALS Pipeline DES Architecture to Increase Robustness Against CPA and CEMA Attacks

Side channels attacks (SCAs) are very effective and low cost methods to extract secret information from supposedly secure cryptosystems. The traditional synchronous design flow used to create such systems favors the leakage of informa-tion, which enables attackers to draw correlations between data processes and circuit power consumption, electromagnet-ic radiation or other sources of leakage. By using well known analysis techniques, these correlations may allow that an at-tacker retrieves secret cryptographic keys. Differential Power Analysis (DPA) and Differential Electromagnetic Analysis (DEMA) are among the most cited attack types. More accurate types of attacks have been proposed, including Correla-tion Power Analysis (CPA) that associates power quantities with a specific power model. In recent years, several coun-termeasures against SCAs have been proposed. Fully asynchronous and globally asynchronous locally synchronous (GALS) design methods appear as alternatives to design tamper resistant cryptosystems. However, according to previous works they use to achieve this with significant area, throughput, latency and power penalties and are not absolutely se-cure. This paper proposes a new GALS pipeline architecture for the Data Encryption Standard (DES) that explores the trade-off between circuit area and robustness to SCAs. Robustness is enhanced by replicating the DES hardware structure in asynchronously communicating module instances, coupled with self-varying operating frequencies. Designs proto-typed on FPGAs with the proposed technique presented promising robustness against attacks, after submitted to differen-tial and correlation analyses. This is true for both power and electromagnetic channels. Additionally the proposed archi-tecture displays throughput superior to previously reported results. Index Terms: Cryptography, cryptographic attacks, secure cryptography,
HIV Responses in Arab States on the Southern Persian Gulf Border: The First Review

Context There is no review of HIV responses in Arab states on the southern Persian Gulf border. This narrative review aimed to describe and synthesize HIV responses in Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates (UAE). Evidence Acquisition A review of scientific databases and grey literature was conducted based on an international guide. Overall, 16 original studies and reports were found. Results The review indicates that HIV has been found present in each Arab state based on sporadic case finding. The prevalence of HIV is the result of heterosexual relationship and/or drug injection. Mandatory testing of the nationals and expatriate workers is the main route of HIV detection. In general, HIV knowledge and education are poor. Only Bahrain has some non-governmental organizations that provide HIV education. Lack of identifying key populations and high risk behaviors has been reported in all of the states. HIV responses are mainly for Arab and Arabic-speaking nationals. Effective strategic plans for HIV have not been developed in all of the states. The provision of antiretroviral therapy for the nationals is the main HIV response. Only Qatar has paid for the treatment of Qatari and non-Qatari HIV-infected patients. As a HIV response, drug treatment is based on short-term inpatient rehabilitation. Only Qatar has voluntary HIV counseling and testing. Lack of needle and syringe programs has been reported for people who inject drugs with HIV problem in all of the states. Conclusions To conclude, HIV problem needs a comprehensive policy response in each state. Providing effective strategic plans for HIV and sero-surveillance data systems is required. Empowering human resources and infrastructural development are suggested.
Emancipation to Indenture: A Question of Imperial Morality

Between the abolition of slavery, 1834, and World War I, more than a half-million laborers were introduced to the British West Indies under terms of indenture. Indenture implies unfreedom, the exploitation of people forced into exile by misfortune or misadventure. It is an alien concept in modern Western society, and the transoceanic transport of thousands of African and Indian workers during the nineteenth century appears a further testimonial to European racism, to the arrogance of great power, and to the political influence of the West India planters and their merchant associates. In recent years, a growing number of scholars have characterized the whole process of nineteenth-century indenture as a “new system of slavery. ”