Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A likelihood method for jointly estimating the selection coe cient and the allele age for time serial data

Recent advances in sequencing technologies have made available an ever-increasing amount of ancient genomic data. In particular, it is now possible to target speci c single nucleotide polymorphisms in several samples at di erent time points. Such time series data are also available in the context of experimental or viral evolution. Timeseries data should allow for a more precise inference of population genetic parameters, and to test hypotheses about the recent action of natural selection. In this manuscript, we develop a likelihood method to jointly estimate the selection coe cient and the age of an allele from time serial data. Our method can be used for allele frequencies sampled from a single diallelic locus. The transition probabilities are calculated by approximating the standard di usion equation of the Wright-Fisher model with a one step process. We show that our method produces unbiased estimates. The accuracy of the method is tested via simulations. Finally, the utility of the method is illustrated with an application to several loci encoding coat color in horses, a pattern that has previously been linked with domestication. Importantly, given our ability to estimate the age of the allele, it is possible to gain traction on the important problem of distinguishing selection on new mutations from selection on standing variation. In this coat color example for instance, we estimate the age of this allele, which is found to predate domestication.
Measuring the effectiveness of answers in Yahoo! Answers

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the ways in which effectiveness of answers in Yahoo! Answers, one of the largest community question answering sites (CQAs), is related to question types and answerer reputation. Effective answers are defined as those that are detailed, readable, superior in quality and contributed promptly. Five question types that were studied include factoid, list, definition, complex interactive and opinion. Answerer reputation refers to the past track record of answerers in the community. Design/methodology/approach – The data set comprises 1,459 answers posted in Yahoo! Answers in response to 464 questions that were distributed across the five question types. The analysis was done using factorial analysis of variance. Findings – The results indicate that factoid, definition and opinion questions are comparable in attracting high quality as well as readable answers. Although reputed answerers generally fared better in offering detailed and high-quality answers, nov.
XML-Based Formulation of Field Theoretical Models. A Proposal for a Future Standard and Data Base for Model Storage, Exchange and Cross-checking of Results

We propose an XML-based standard for formulation of field theoretical models. The goal of creation of such a standard is to provide a way for an unambiguous exchange and cross-checking of results of computer calculations in high energy physics. At the moment, the suggested standard implies that models under consideration are of the SM or MSSM type (i.e., they are just SM or MSSM, their submodels, smooth modifications or straightforward generalizations).
Alternating Direction Method for Image Inpainting in Wavelet Domains

Image inpainting in wavelet domains refers to the recovery of an image from incomplete and/or inaccurate wavelet coefficients. To reconstruct the image, total variation (TV) models have been widely used in the literature, and they produce high-quality reconstructed images. In this paper, we consider an unconstrained, TV-regularized, $\ell_2$-data-fitting model to recover the image. The model is solved by the alternating direction method (ADM). At each iteration, the ADM needs to solve three subproblems, all of which have closed-form solutions. The per-iteration computational cost of the ADM is dominated by two Fourier transforms and two wavelet transforms, all of which admit fast computation. Convergence of the ADM iterative scheme is readily obtained. We also discuss extensions of this ADM scheme to solving two closely related constrained models. We present numerical results to show the efficiency and stability of the ADM for solving wavelet domain image inpainting problems. Numerical results comparing the ADM with some recent algorithms are also reported.
Communication-aware task scheduling and voltage selection for total systems energy minimization

In this paper, we present an interprocessor communication-aware task scheduling algorithm applicable to a multiprocessor system executing an application with dependent tasks. Our algorithm takes the application task graph and the architecture graph as inputs, assigns the tasks to processors and then schedules them. As main theoretical contribution, the algorithm we propose reduces the overall systems energy by (i) reducing the total interprocessor communication and (ii) executing certain cycles at a lower voltage level. Experimental results show that by tuning the parameter for communication awareness, a schedule using our algorithm can reduce up to 80% interprocessor communication in a complex video/audio application (compared to a schedule which is only voltage-selection aware) without losing much in the number of cycles executed at lower voltage.
Multi‐center study on post‐ictal headache in patients with localization‐related epilepsy

Abstract The nature of post‐ictal headache (PIH) remains unclear. A multicenter study was conducted in order to evaluate frequency and risk factors for PIH. The subjects consisted of 97 patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), 65 patients with frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE) and 37 patients with occipital lobe epilepsy (OLE). The subjects were asked about PIH at each institute. Clinical factors of epilepsy were reviewed for each patient and correlated with PIH. Post‐ictal headache occurred in 41% of TLE patients, 40% of FLE patients and 59% of OLE patients. Logistic regression analysis revealed that the risk of PIH was significantly higher in OLE than in FLE. In contrast, there were no significant differences in the incidence of PIH between TLE and either OLE or FLE patients. Post‐ictal headache occurred significantly more frequently in subjects with generalized tonic–clonic seizure (GTCS) than in those without GTCS. Other clinical factors, such as sex, age, age at onset, duration of illness, seizure frequency, family history of headache and interictal headache were found to have no associations with PIH. A difference was found in the incidence of PIH depending on classification of epilepsy, but only to a relatively slight extent. It was also found that GTCS was significantly related to PIH. These results suggest that both the location of epileptogenic focus and the involvement of certain cerebral areas in the spread of seizure discharges may be closely related to PIH.
Background Rhythm Frequency and Theta Power of Quantitative EEG Analysis

In clinical settings, cerebral infarct is a common disease of older adults, which usually increases the risk of cognitive impairment. This study aims to assess the quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) as a predictive biomarker for the development of cognitive impairment, post–cerebral infarcts, in subjects from the Department of Neurology. They underwent biennial EEG recording. Cerebral infarct subjects, with follow-up cognitive evaluation, were analyzed for qEEG measures of background rhythm frequency (BRF) and relative δ, θ, α, and β band power. The relationship between cognitive impairment and qEEG, and other possible predictors, was assessed by Cox regression. The results showed that the risk hazard of developing cognitive impairment was 14 times higher for those with low BRF than for those with high BRF (P < .001). Hazard ratio (HR) was also significant for more than median θ band power (HR = 5, P = .002) compared with less than median θ band power. The HRs for δ, α, and β bands were equal to the baseline demographic, and clinical characteristics were not significantly different. In conclusion, qEEG measures of BRF, and relative power in θ band, are potential predictive biomarkers for cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral infarcts. These biomarkers might be valuable in early prediction of cognitive impairment in patients with cerebral infarcts.
RF Compact Modeling of High-voltage MOSFETs

Abstract The High-Voltage MOSFET is used in a wide variety of applications covering from power systems up to RF-IC. Compact models that describe the high-frequency behavior of the device are required to predict high-frequency operation and switching capabilities of these elements in HV state-of-the-art systems. In this paper, an RF model is presented and verified against extensive Y-parameter measurements, which were carried out on a long channel Lateral double-Diffusion MOS device. Assessment of the model with measurements confirms the validity of this approach.
Classification of ADHD children through multimodal magnetic resonance imaging

Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common diseases in school-age children. To date, the diagnosis of ADHD is mainly subjective and studies of objective diagnostic method are of great importance. Although many efforts have been made recently to investigate the use of structural and functional brain images for the diagnosis purpose, few of them are related to ADHD. In this paper, we introduce an automatic classification framework based on brain imaging features of ADHD patients and present in detail the feature extraction, feature selection, and classifier training methods. The effects of using different features are compared against each other. In addition, we integrate multimodal image features using multi-kernel learning (MKL). The performance of our framework has been validated in the ADHD-200 Global Competition, which is a world-wide classification contest on the ADHD-200 datasets. In this competition, our classification framework using features of resting-state functional connectivity (FC) was ranked the 6th out of 21 participants under the competition scoring policy and performed the best in terms of sensitivity and J-statistic.
On Robustness of Discrete-Time LTI Systems with Varying Time Delays

Abstract This manuscript concerns robust stability analysis of discrete-time LTI systems with varying time delays. The stability problem is treated in the Integral Quadratic Constraint (IQC) framework. The novelty and main contribution of the manuscript is the integral quadratic constraint characterization of the discrete-time time-varying delay operator. The characterization enables the IQC analysis to be applied for studying robustness property in the presence of time-varying delays.
The inner membrane protein Mdm33 controls mitochondrial morphology in yeast

Mitochondrial distribution and morphology depend on MDM33, a Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene encoding a novel protein of the mitochondrial inner membrane. Cells lacking Mdm33 contain ring-shaped, mostly interconnected mitochondria, which are able to form large hollow spheres. On the ultrastructural level, these aberrant organelles display extremely elongated stretches of outer and inner membranes enclosing a very narrow matrix space. Dilated parts of Δmdm33 mitochondria contain well-developed cristae. Overexpression of Mdm33 leads to growth arrest, aggregation of mitochondria, and generation of aberrant inner membrane structures, including septa, inner membrane fragments, and loss of inner membrane cristae. The MDM33 gene is required for the formation of net-like mitochondria in mutants lacking components of the outer membrane fission machinery, and mitochondrial fusion is required for the formation of extended ring-like mitochondria in cells lacking the MDM33 gene. The Mdm33 protein assembles into an oligomeric complex in the inner membrane where it performs homotypic protein–protein interactions. Our results indicate that Mdm33 plays a distinct role in the mitochondrial inner membrane to control mitochondrial morphology. We propose that Mdm33 is involved in fission of the mitochondrial inner membrane.
Prognostic Relevance of Hypoglycemia Following an Oral Glucose Challenge for Cystic Fibrosis–Related Diabetes

An annual oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) has become part of standard care in cystic fibrosis (CF) to screen for CF-related diabetes (CFRD) in patients older than 10 years of age (1). Up to 15% of patients with CF develop hypoglycemia during an OGTT (2), and there is some discussion whether such a response indicates an increased risk for the development of CFRD. In fact, a reactive hypoglycemia has been considered as an early stage of CFRD (3). However, the prognostic value of such a reactive hypoglycemia with respect to future glucose control has never been studied. Based on a delayed insulin secretion in CF, which might be relevant to both a hypoglycemic as well as a hyperglycemic response to a glucose challenge (4), we hypothesized that the hypoglycemic response to a glucose …
How Our Current Medical Care System Fails People With Diabetes

Many randomized controlled intervention trials have demonstrated that lowering glycemia (1,2), LDL cholesterol (3), and blood pressure (4) will markedly benefit the complications from diabetes. Based on these data, the American Diabetes Association has recommended the following targets for glycemic, lipid, and blood pressure outcome measures, A1C <7.0%, LDL cholesterol <100 mg/dl, and blood pressure <130/80 mmHg, respectively (5). Most diabetic patients do not meet these recommended goals. Approximately half of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey cohort met the glycemic goal (6). In other larger reported populations, 21–43% of patients had A1C levels >9.5%, only 22–46% of diabetic patients met the LDL cholesterol goal, and 29–33% met the blood pressure goal (7). Far fewer, 2–10%, met the combined American Diabetes Association goals for glycemia, lipids, and blood pressure (7). Many approaches have been tried to improve diabetes care but, with one exception, have been mostly ineffective. These include simply reminding patients about appointments; providing laboratory information on the patient to the physician, even when specific treatment recommendations for the individual patient were included; case management when the case manager could not make independent treatment decisions; education of physicians; and multifaceted quality improvement interventions in the practice setting (7). The small amount of time a physician has to spend with a patient is an important limiting factor. This was amply illustrated in a study (8) in which eight process measures agreed upon by the physician group and whether the patient was due to receive them were displayed on the physicians’ computer screens at the time of the patient visit. The measures due were performed or ordered only one-third of the time. Physicians pinpointed lack of time and other problems that needed attention as primary obstacles to carrying out the agreed-upon recommendations. The one approach …
Elementos pragmáticos y discursivos en los procesos de traducción

La traducción interlingüística es un conjunto de procesos mentales, de conocimiento y de comunicación, que se articulan en torno al paso de sistemas lingüísticos distintos y en los que interviene el sistema de escritura, autónomo aunque no independiente, frente a este proceso se encuentra la denominada traducción intralingüística, y la traducción intersemiótica. De la complejidad lingüística que sobresale en los procesos de la traducción, los sistemas gramaticales y en especial los sintácticos y léxicosemánticos acaparan la atención de dificultades básicas y elementales; sin la oportuna y adecuada superación de éstas, el proceso de traducción se convierte en un proyecto fracasado o en un producto erróneo. El sistema gramatical requiere el reconocimiento de los correspondientes subsistemas en su totalidad, pues además de los mencionados conviene considerar el fonológico y el morfológico. La integración de las lenguas como sistema de sistemas supone el eje fundamental sobre el que gira el procedimiento en su totalidad. Además, existe el nivel comunicativo de la acción que impone sus propias normas y exige un reconocimiento acertado y pormenorizado. Existe un nivel de entendimiento de este proceso, procesos, o conjunto de procesos, que pasa por la reflexión acerca de la producción material de la traducción. Me refiero, naturalmente, al texto traducido, y por implicación al texto original. Sea cual fuere la naturaleza de uno u otro el hecho es que en principio de trata de lo mismo, un texto. ¿Qué hay de importante en esta observación? Pues, desde mi punto de vista, casi todo, por
Adenylate energy charge in Escherichia coli CR341T28 and properties of heat-sensitive adenylate kinase

Escherichia coli strain CR341T28 will not grow at temperatures above 34 degrees C in liquid medium, and the adenylate kinase of this strain is heat sensitive. When a culture was shifted from a permissive (30 degrees C) to a nonpermissive (36 degrees C) temperature, the adenylate energy charge fell from 0.9 to 0.2, with a concurrent decrease in the number of viable cells and in the specific activity of adenylate kinase. When cultures of the temperature-sensitive strain were grown at temperatures above 30 degrees C, the adenylate energy charge, the specific activity of adenylate kinase, and the growth rate were lower than the corresponding parameters for the parental strain. By isotopic labeling of the adenine nucleotides in vivo, it was determined that increasing growth temperatures between 30 and 34 degrees C for the heat-sensitive strain resulted in a decrease in the adenosine triphosphate-to-adenosine monophosphate and adenosine triphosphate-to-adenosine diphosphate ratios. Between 26 and 30 degrees C the adenosine triphosphate-to-adenosine diphosphate ratio was essentially normal in the temperature-sensitive strain, but the adenosine triphosphate-to-adenosine diphosphate ratio was decreased. The adenylate ratios in the parental strain did not change between 30 and 34 degrees C. The adenylate kinase mass action ratio for each strain was essentially constant under all growth conditions. When assayed at 30 degrees C, the affinities of the enzyme from the mutant strain were somewhat lower than those of the parent adenylate kinase. The mutant enzyme also did not exhibit the substrate inhibition that was observed at high adenosine monophosphate concentrations with the parental enzyme. An increase in the assay temperature from 30 degrees to 40 degrees C had little or no effect on the Km values determined for the parental adenylate kinase, but caused the Km values determined for the mutant adenylate kinase to increase by a factor of two or more.
Evolution of lead toxicity in a population of children

A 3 years study was conducted to determine the evolution of blood lead concentrations (PbB) and free erythrocyte protoporphyrins (FEP) as indicators of absorption and biochemical damage in children (7-12 years old) living within one kilometer of a metallurgic factory that processes lead in Torreón, Coahuila, México. In addition, neuromuscular conduction velocity, motor coordination and IQ where determined as indicators of physiological damage. During this period of time the children showed increased lead blood concentrations of 19.2 ± 4.5 μg dl -1 at the beginning of the study to 27.5±4.9 μg dl -1 at the end. Likewise, FEP increased from 56.6±20.0 μg dl-1 to 92.9 ± 28.9 μg dl-1. Physiological damage was evident since motor coefficients as well as IQ tests were reduced significantly when compared to children (7 -12 years old) living 4.5 km away from the factory who showed PbB=8.9 ± 1.3 μg dl-1 and FEP=16.9 ± 4.7 μg dl-1 throughout the study. Based on these data it was possible to define three different groups with regards to lead toxicity sensitivity.
The in vivo adherence intervention for at risk adolescents with asthma: report of a randomized pilot trial.

OBJECTIVE Low-income and minority adolescents are at high risk for poor asthma outcomes, due in part to adherence. We tested acceptability, feasibility, and effect sizes of an adherence intervention for low socioeconomic status (SES) minority youth with moderate- and severe-persistent asthma. Design and Methods Single-site randomized pilot trial: intervention (n = 12; asthma education, motivational interviewing, problem-solving skills training, 1 month cell-phone with tailored text messaging) versus control (n = 14; asthma education; cell-phone without tailored messaging). Calculated effect-sizes of relative change from baseline (1 and 3 months). RESULTS Intervention was judged acceptable and feasible by participants. Participants (12-18 years, mean = 15.1, SD = 1.67) were 76.9% African-American, 80.7% public/no insurance. At 1 and 3 months, asthma symptoms (Cohen's d's = 0.40, 0.96) and HRQOL (PedsQL™; Cohen's d's = 0.23, 1.25) had clinically meaningful medium to large effect sizes. CONCLUSIONS This intervention appears promising for at-risk youth with moderate- and severe-persistent asthma.
Coordinated multi-robot exploration

In this paper, we consider the problem of exploring an unknown environment with a team of robots. As in single-robot exploration the goal is to minimize the overall exploration time. The key problem to be solved in the context of multiple robots is to choose appropriate target points for the individual robots so that they simultaneously explore different regions of the environment. We present an approach for the coordination of multiple robots, which simultaneously takes into account the cost of reaching a target point and its utility. Whenever a target point is assigned to a specific robot, the utility of the unexplored area visible from this target position is reduced. In this way, different target locations are assigned to the individual robots. We furthermore describe how our algorithm can be extended to situations in which the communication range of the robots is limited. Our technique has been implemented and tested extensively in real-world experiments and simulation runs. The results demonstrate that our technique effectively distributes the robots over the environment and allows them to quickly accomplish their mission.