Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anger as a moral emotion: A “bird’s eye“ systematic review

ABSTRACT Anger is a common problem for which counselling and psychotherapy clients seek help, and is typically regarded as an invidious negative emotion to be ameliorated. However, in some instances it may be possible to reframe anger as a moral emotion, arising in response to perceived transgressions, thereby endowing it with meaning. In that respect, this paper offers a “bird’s eye” systematic review of empirical research on anger as a moral emotion (i.e., focusing broadly on the terrain as a whole, rather than on specific areas). Three databases were reviewed from the start of their records to February 2019. Eligibility criteria included empirical research, published in English in peer-reviewed journals, on anger specifically as a moral emotion. A total of 175 papers met the criteria, and fell into four broad classes of study: survey-based; experimental; physiological; and qualitative. In discussing the articles, this paper looks at: how anger can be differentiated from other moral emotions; antecedent causes and triggers of moral anger; contextual factors that influence or mitigate it; and outcomes arising from it. Together, the paper offers a comprehensive overview of current knowledge of this prominent and problematic emotion. The results may be of use to counsellors and psychotherapists helping to address anger issues in their clients.
The high-mass end of the Tully-Fisher relation

We study the location of massive disc galaxies on the Tully‐Fisher (TF) relation. Using a combination of K-band photometry and high-quality rotation curves, we show that in traditional formulations of the TF relation (using the width of the global H I profile or the maximum rotation velocity), galaxies with rotation velocities larger than 200 km s −1 lie systematically to the right of the relation defined by less massive systems, causing a characteristic ‘kink’ in the relations. Massive, early-type disc galaxies in particular have a large offset, up to 1.5 mag, from the main relation defined by less massive and later-type spirals. The presence of a change in slope at the high-mass end of the TF relation has important consequences for the use of the TF relation as a tool for estimating distances to galaxies or for probing galaxy evolution. In particular, the luminosity evolution of massive galaxies since z ≈ 1 may have been significantly larger than estimated in several recent studies. We also show that many of the galaxies with the largest offsets have declining rotation curves and that the change in slope largely disappears when we use the asymptotic rotation velocity as kinematic parameter. The remaining deviations from linearity can be removed when we simultaneously use the total baryonic mass (stars + gas) instead of the optical or near-infrared luminosity. Our results strengthen the view that the TF relation fundamentally links the mass of dark matter haloes with the total baryonic mass embedded in them.
Predation in a Natural Community of Marine Mollusks: Using Morphology to Determine Predator-Prey Ecology

ABSTRACT Predatory gastropod mollusks in the family Naticidae feed on bivalve mollusks and leave distinctive markings in the form of countersunk circular boreholes on the shells. These boreholes possess both an inner borehole diameter (IBD) and an outer borehole diameter (OBD) which are proportional to the size of the predator. It has been proposed that the ratio of IBD to OBD can be used to identify predator species. Variation in the ratio of the IBD to OBD was examined in two prey species (dwarf surf clam, incongruous ark clam) collected from Otter Island beach in South Carolina to determine if clams were eaten by a single species or multiple species of predator. Measurements of borehole diameter (inner and outer) were recorded in random samples of Anadara brasiliana (incongruous ark, n = 100) and Mulinia lateralis (dwarf surf clam, n = 100) shells. Comparison of the frequency distributions of the ratios revealed a unimodal, normal distribution in the combined sample indicating the potential for a single species effect. A similar pattern was revealed in the
Coding Exon Detection Using Comparative Sequences

We introduce a new system, called shortHMM, for predicting exons, which predicts individual exons using two related genomes. In this system, we build a hidden semi-Markov model to identify exons. In the hidden Markov model, we propose joint probability models of nucleotides in introns, splice sites, 5'UTR, 3'UTR, and intergenic regions by exploiting the homology between related genomes. In order to reduce the false positive rate of the hidden Markov model, we develop a screening process which is able to identify intergenic regions. We then build a classifier by combining the statistics from the hidden Markov model and the screening process. We implement shortHMM on human-mouse sequence alignments. The source codes are available at < www.stat.purdue.edu/ jingwu/hmm >. Compared to TWINSCAN and SLAM, shortHMM is substantially more powerful in identifying AT-rich RefSeq exons (8% more AT-rich RefSeq exons were predicted), as well as slightly more powerful in identifying RefSeq exons (3-10% more RefSeq exons were predicted), at a similar or lower false positive rate, with less computing time and with less memory usage. Last, shortHMM is also capable of finding new potential exons.
Episodic Future Thinking and Cognitive Aging

Episodic future thinking refers to the ability to imagine or simulate experiences that might occur in an individual’s personal future. It has been known for decades that cognitive aging is associated with declines in episodic memory, and recent research has documented correlated age-related declines in episodic future thinking. Previous research has considered both cognitive and neural mechanisms that are responsible for age-related changes in episodic future thinking, as well as effects of aging on the functions served by episodic future thinking. Studies concerned with mechanism indicate that multiple cognitive mechanisms contribute to changes in episodic future thinking during aging, including episodic memory retrieval, narrative style, and executive processes. Recent studies using an episodic specificity induction—brief training in recollecting episodic details of a recent experience—have proven useful in separating the contributions of episodic retrieval from other non-episodic processes during future thinking tasks in both old and young adults. Neuroimaging studies provide preliminary evidence of a role for age-related changes in default and executive brain networks in episodic future thinking and autobiographical planning. Studies concerned with function have examined age-related effects on the link between episodic future thinking and a variety of processes, including everyday problem-solving, prospective memory, prosocial intentions, and intertemporal choice/delay discounting. The general finding in these studies is for age-related reductions, consistent with the work on mechanisms that consistently reveals reduced episodic detail in older adults when they imagine future events. However, several studies have revealed that episodic simulation nonetheless confers some benefits for tasks tapping adaptive functions in older adults, such as problem-solving, prospective memory, and prosocial intentions, even though age-related deficits on these tasks are not eliminated or reduced by episodic future thinking.
SVM based models for predicting foreign currency exchange rates

Support vector machine (SVM) has appeared as a powerful tool for forecasting forex market and demonstrated better performance over other methods, e.g., neural network or ARIMA based model. SVM-based forecasting model necessitates the selection of appropriate kernel function and values of free parameters: regularization parameter and /spl epsiv/-insensitive loss function. We investigate the effect of different kernel functions, namely, linear, polynomial, radial basis and spline on prediction error measured by several widely used performance metrics. The effect of regularization parameter is also studied. The prediction of six different foreign currency exchange rates against Australian dollar has been performed and analyzed. Some interesting results are presented.
Sustainable Production of Mango Fruit by Managing Irregular Bearing Through Foliar Spray of Urea at Critical Growth Stages

Effect of time of urea spray on irregular bearing of most commercial cultivars of mango (Chounsa, Dushehari and Anwar Ratool) of Pakistan was investigated. Various concentrations of low biurete urea (LBU) were sprayed in February, 2005 (before blooming) and September, 2005 (After harvest at flower bud differentiation) and its effect on blooming of tagged shoots was studied during on year 2005. Percentage of emergence of vegetative and flowering buds on shoots emerged during on year 2005 was recorded during off year 2006. Means and standard deviations of results reflected that there was significant effect of time and concentration of urea spray on blooming as compared to control. Significantly high blooming was recorded in off year on plants, received 3% urea compared with control.
Limited Value of KAI1/CD82 Protein Expression as a Prognostic Marker in Human Gastric Cancer

The cell surface glycoprotein KAI1/CD82 suppresses tumor growth and metastasis in animal models. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic relevance of KAI1/CD82 protein expression in human gastric cancer. Primary gastric carcinomas (n = 271) with amean clinical follow-up time of 48months were immunostained using the monoclonal anti-KAI1/CD82 antibody G2. Staining was evaluated as negative versus positive for statistical analysis. KAI1/CD82 immunoreactivity was absent in 103/271 (38%) cases. There was a trend towards KAI1/CD82 negativity in poorly differentiated cases (p = 0.0679). Moreover, KAI1/CD82-negative carcinomas were associated with a higher pT status (p = 0.0222), metastatic lymph node involvement (p = 0.0018) and a higher clinical tumor stage (p = 0.0050). The median overall survival times of KAI1/CD82-negative and KAI1/CD82-positive gastric carcinomas were 20 and 37 months, respectively (p = 0.2305). These results are in line with the proposed function of KAI1/CD82 as a suppressor of tumor growth and metastasis. However, these data suggest that KAI1/CD82, as detected by immunohistochemistry, is of limited value as a prognostic marker for gastric cancer in routine histological workup.
Topological field theories, string backgrounds and homotopy algebras

String backgrounds are described as purely geometric objects related to moduli spaces of Riemann surfaces, in the spirit of Segal's definition of a conformal field theory. Relations with conformal field theory, topological field theory and topological gravity are studied. For each field theory, an algebraic counterpart, the (homotopy) algebra satisfied by the tree level correlators, is constructed.
Multi-Robot Searching using Game-Theory Based Approach

This paper proposes a game-theory based approach in a multi–target searching using a multi-robot system in a dynamic environment. It is assumed that a rough priori probability map of the targets' distribution within the environment is given. To consider the interaction between the robots, a dynamic-programming equation is proposed to estimate the utility function for each robot. Based on this utility function, a cooperative nonzero-sum game is generated, where both pure Nash Equilibrium and mixed-strategy Equilibrium solutions are presented to achieve an optimal overall robot behaviors. A special consideration has been taken to improve the real-time performance of the game-theory based approach. Several mechanisms, such as event-driven discretization, one-step dynamic programming, and decision buffer, have been proposed to reduce the computational complexity. The main advantage of the algorithm lies in its real-time capabilities whilst being efficient and robust to dynamic environments.
A preliminary investigation on the possible association between diminished copper availability and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in epileptic patients treated with valproic acid

Abstract Background. Patients treated with valproic acid (VPA) present a high incidence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) (around 61%). Several recent studies suggest that low copper stores could be associated with NAFLD, and a significant decrease of copper availability in VPA-treated patients has been described. Design and methods. In 101 adult epileptic patients treated with valproic acid in monotherapy (n = 75) and polytherapy (n = 26) the copper availability was evaluated using the specific oxidase activity of ceruloplasmin (activity per unit mass of enzyme protein) and the copper/ceruloplasmin ratio. Copper deficiency was supposed in the cases in which this biochemical variable was smaller than the lower reference limit (333 U/g). Results. The differences between the groups of patients with ceruloplasmin oxidase activity smaller or greater than 333 U/g for the serum levels of aminotransferases, gamma-glutamyltransferase, butyrylcholinesterase, cholesterol, triglycerides, and C-reactive protein, and the APRI and FIB-4 liver fibrosis scores were not statistically significant. Most patients (93%) had low APRI and FIB-4 scores, suggesting absence of significant liver fibrosis. Conclusions. The results obtained do not confirm the hypothesis of an association between diminished copper availability and NAFLD in patients treated with valproic acid.
A High Performance Serially Mixed SOVA Decoder for Turbo Code

The backward direction Soft Output Viterbi Algorithm (a backward SOVA) is compared with the conventional SOVA (a forward SOVA) in turbo code decoding. We find noticeable performance improvement for the backward SOVA when it is not terminated, which turns out to be due to a smaller reliability value, indicating that the termination conditions of the turbo encoder strongly affect the performance of the backward SOVA decoder. We also propose a hardware efficient serially mixed SOVA decoder composed of a forward SOVA decoder and a backward SOVA decoder. Simulation results show that the proposed serially mixed SOVA decoder has a 0.2 dB coding gain at 2.0 dB Eb/No over the forward SOVA for a typical turbo code example. key words: turbo, SOVA, decoder, backward, bidirectional
Correctness of Program Translations for Observational Semantics 1

We investigate methods and tools to analyze translations between programming languages with respect to observational semantics. We consider a framework where the behavior of programs is observed by (possibly multiple) convergence predicates in arbitrary contexts. While observational correctness is taken to be the fundamental notion of correctness of a translation, we emphasize the role of other correctness conditions like adequacy and full abstraction of translations. As a tool for proving these correctness properties, we propose a notion of convergence equivalence as a means for proving adequacy for compositional translations which avoids explicit reasoning about contexts. Categories
Variable step-size matrix for the improved multiband-structured subband adaptive filter

The improved multiband-structured subband adaptive filter (IMSAF) algorithm could enhance the convergence performance of multiband-structured subband adaptive filter algorithms and affine projection. However, the original IMSAF algorithm with a fixed step-size factor have to compromise between convergence rate and steady-state misalignment. A new IMSAF algorithm with variable step-size matrix (VSM) is proposed to address this problem. The power of the subband a posteriori error is set to equal the power of the subband noise to deduce the formula for VSM. Two real-time noise power estimation methods are utilized to calculate the step size. Simulation results demonstrate that the new algorithms can achieve better performance both in convergence rate and steady-state misalignment than the original IMSAF algorithm with a fixed step-size factor.
Fatal Attraction

A study was conducted to assess the effects of mortality salience on evaluations of political candidates as a function of leadership style. On the basis of terror management theory and previous research, we hypothesized that people would show increased preference for a charismatic political candidate and decreased preference for a relationship-oriented political candidate in response to subtle reminders of death. Following a mortality-salience or control induction, 190 participants read campaign statements by charismatic, task-oriented, and relationship-oriented gubernatorial candidates; evaluated their preferences for each candidate; and voted for one of them. Results were in accord with predictions. The theoretical and practical implications of these findings are considered.
Translation and Initial Validation of the Chinese (Cantonese) Version of Community Integration Measure for Use in Patients with Chronic Stroke

Objectives. To (1) translate and culturally adapt the English version Community Integration Measure into Chinese (Cantonese), (2) report the results of initial validation of the Chinese (Cantonese) version of CIM (CIM-C) including the content validity, internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and factor structure of CIM-C for use in stroke survivors in a Chinese community setting, and (3) investigate the level of community integration of stroke survivors living in Hong Kong. Design. Cross-sectional study. Setting. University-based rehabilitation centre. Participants. 62 (n = 62) subjects with chronic stroke. Methods. The CIM-C was produced after forward-backward translation, expert panel review, and pretesting. 25 (n = 25) of the same subjects were reassessed after a 1-week interval. Results. The items of the CIM-C demonstrated high internal consistency with a Cronbach's α of 0.84. The CIM-C showed good test-retest reliability with an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of 0.84 (95% confidence interval, 0.64–0.93). A 3-factor structure of the CIM-C including “relationship and engagement,” “sense of knowing,” and “independent living,” was consistent with the original theoretical model. Hong Kong stroke survivors revealed a high level of community integration as measured by the CIM-C (mean (SD): 43.48 (5.79)). Conclusions. The CIM-C is a valid and reliable measure for clinical use.
Who Starts? Factors Associated with Starting Antiretroviral Therapy among Eligible Patients in Two, Public HIV Clinics in Lilongwe, Malawi

Background Lighthouse Trust operates two, public, integrated HIV clinics, Lighthouse (LH) and Martin Preuss Center (MPC), in Lilongwe, Malawi. Approximately 20% of patients eligible for antiretroviral therapy (ART) do not start ART. We explore individual and geographic factors that influence whether ART-eligible patients initiate ART. Methods Adult patients eligible for ART between 2008–2011 were included. Analysis was stratified by clinic. Using logistic regression, we evaluated factors associated with initiating ART including gender, age, body mass index (BMI), employment, tuberculosis (TB), eligible at initial registration, WHO stage, CD4, months in pre-ART care (from initial registration to eligibility date), and patient neighborhood distance to clinic. Results Of 14,216 study patients, 4841 were from LH; 9285 were from MPC. At LH and MPC, respectively, median age was 34.2 and 33.8 years; median BMI was 22.0 and 20.6; and median distance was 5.6 and 4.9 Km. In multivariate models, odds of starting ART was highest among those older than 35 years and those eligible for ART based on WHO stages 3–4 vs. those in WHO stages 1–2 with CD4<250. Patients with 1–12 months in pre-ART were at least 11 times more likely to start ART than peers with less pre-ART time. At LH, living 2.5–5 Km from the clinic increased the likelihood of starting ART over patients living closer. Conclusions Length of the pre-ART period is the most significant predictor of starting ART among eligible patients. Better understanding of motivation for retention in pre-ART care may reduce attrition along the treatment cascade.
Wideband Bandpass Filters With SAW-Filter-Like Selectivity Using Chip SAW Resonators

Bandpass filters with surface acoustic wave (SAW)-filter-like selectivity and much wider bandwidth compared to conventional SAW filters are presented. The proposed topology consists of SAW resonator networks and parallel coupled lines. Each ladder type resonator network has a series resonator and two shunt resonators to define the upper and lower cutoff frequencies and realize the sharp passband selectivity. Analysis of the proposed SAW resonator network and a comparison with a traditional ladder type SAW filter is provided. Two filters are designed, fabricated, and measured using chip SAW resonators and microstrip coupled lines on Rogers RO4003C. As the available SAW resonators are discrete, they are connected together using 1-mil bond wires to form the SAW resonator network. The resonators are also wire bonded to the coupled lines and ground patch. The bandwidth of the two filters is 10.5% and 17%, respectively, which is much wider than conventional SAW filters with a bandwidth of a few percent. An analysis is provided for the bulk wave effects, ripples due to finite transducer, gratings of resonators, and second-order effects from series and parallel resonators, which cause deterioration of the passband performance. The impact of bond wire inductance and parasitic coupling, which cause spurious responses at the stopbands, are also discussed.
Irrelevant Information , Framing Effects , and Market Behavior-An Experimental Analysis-∗

The results of an asset market experiment, in which 64 subjects trade two assets on eight markets in a computerized continuous double auction, indicate that (i) objectively irrelevant information influences trading behavior. Moreover, positively and negatively framed information leads to a particular trading pattern. However (ii), a probability variation of the framed information has no influence on trading volume. In addition, the results (iii) confirm the disposition effect. Participants who experience a gain sell their assets more rapidly than participants who experience a loss, and positively framed subjects generally sell their assets later than negatively framed subjects.
Laboratory Study of Biological Retention for Urban Stormwater Management

Urban stormwater runoff contains a broad range of pollutants that are transported to natural water systems. A practice known as biological retention (bioretention) has been suggested to manage stormwater runoff from small, developed areas. Bioretention facilities consist of porous soil, a topping layer of hardwood mulch, and a variety of different plant species. A detailed study of the characteristics and performance of bioretention systems for the removal of several heavy metals (copper, lead, and zinc) and nutrients (phosphorus, total Kjeldahl nitrogen [TKN], ammonium, and nitrate) from a synthetic urban stormwater runoff was completed using batch and column adsorption studies along with pilot‐scale laboratory systems. The roles of the soil, mulch, and plants in the removal of heavy metals and nutrients were evaluated to estimate the treatment capacity of laboratory bioretention systems. Reductions in concentrations of all metals were excellent (>90%) with specific metal removals of 15 to 145 mg/m2 per event. Moderate reductions of TKN, ammonium, and phosphorus levels were found (60 to 80%). Little nitrate was removed, and nitrate production was noted in several cases. The importance of the mulch layer in metal removal was identified. Overall results support the use of bioretention as a stormwater best management practice and indicate the need for further research and development.