Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
‘It's like going through the abuse again’: domestic violence and women and children's (un)safety in private law contact proceedings

Domestic violence is the most common welfare issue raised in private law contact proceedings. A wide range of studies has shown that judicial decisions about contact which fail to take safety into account endanger women and children physically and emotionally. Yet a presumption that contact is in the best interests of the child, combined with an increasing focus on fathers' rights, casts long shadows over legal judgments, policy frameworks and individual cases. This article presents research which examined child contact proceedings as a legal process to identify if, how and when domestic violence was factored into judicial decision making. Drawing on in-depth interviews with 34 women who had recently completed, or were currently undergoing, proceedings, the article highlights how two aspects of private law Children Act proceedings diminished women's safety: the absence of special facilities in family courts and gaps in legal representation for both victim-survivors and perpetrators.
A reciprocal theorem for Marangoni propulsion

Abstract We study the Marangoni propulsion of a spheroidal particle located at a liquid–gas interface. The particle asymmetrically releases an insoluble surface-active agent and so creates and maintains a surface tension gradient leading to the self-propulsion. Assuming that the surface tension has a linear dependence on the concentration of the released agent, we derive closed-form expressions for the translational speed of the particle in the limit of small capillary, Péclet and Reynolds numbers. Our derivations are based on the Lorentz reciprocal theorem, which eliminates the need to develop the detailed flow field.
Problematising Discourse Completion Tasks: Voices from Verbal Report

Abstract Written discourse completion tasks (WDCTs) have frequently been employed in pragmatics research as a key research instrument in eliciting the production of speech acts by second language learners while studies incorporating verbal report have provided evidence of the processes involved in second language speech act production. This study responds to the call to include native speakers in verbal protocol research and focuses on the paired concurrent verbal report of six English native speakers, elicited in conjunction with their responses to 18 WDCTs eliciting English requests. The study aimed to identify the focus of participants’ attention while on task and employed content analysis to identify themes emerging from the participants’ verbal protocols. Findings from the analysis suggest that participants’ attention may be directed to perceived deficiencies in the elicitation instrument, reflecting criticisms in the research literature relating to the design and authenticity of WDCTs. Secondly, the study found that participants may respond to these deficiencies by recreating the task within an authentic speech event. In providing a respondent perspective on the research methodology, the study highlights implications for the design and employment of WDCTs in eliciting speech acts in second language acquisition research.
Size, Complexity, and Organizational Variation: A Comparative Approach

In 1963, Melvin Ember illustrated the overarching cross-cultural relationship between societal scale (specifically, maximal community size) and hierarchical complexity. Yet this study (and subsequent ones) found much less regularity in the size-complexity relationship when focused down on human groupings of less extensive/narrower size ranges. Here, it is argued that this lack of a more precise fit requires the consideration of a third key parameter, different modes of integration or interpersonal connectivity. Comparative findings (both synchronic and diachronic) are marshaled to make the case that integrative differences mediate the overarching relationship between demographic size and political complexity. It is proposed that when they are small, groups that operate more collectively often dampen the emergence of decision-making hierarchies; alternatively large, more collective, or democratic formations may necessitate greater administrative or hierarchical political complexity per capita than is found in more autocratic groups of comparable size.
Competencies and workplace learning: some reflections on the rhetoric and the reality

The use of competency frameworks as a basis for workplace learning initiatives is now relatively commonplace in organisations. This is reflected in the emphasis given to competencies in the HRD literature. However, the terrain of the competency discussion is somewhat ill‐defined. This article attempts to define the context within which the value of competencies as a basis for workplace learning can be considered and discusses the philosophical and epistemological perspectives found in much of the literature. Competency definition and competency measurement issues are explored, as is a range of other issues concerning the value of competencies in a workplace learning context. The article concludes that, in the interests of clarity, consistency and reliability of measurement, consensus needs to be reached on the basic parameters and definition of competency.
VENTRICULAR DEPOLARIZATION AND THE GENESIS OF QRS

An understanding of electrocardiographic complexes will be achieved when the potential a t a given body-surface point can be predicted from a knowledge of ventricular depolarization and repolarization pathways. To do this for QRS we must have exact information on three factors. First, we must know the time course and magnitude of potential changes across the membranes of the ventricular syncytium as depolarization takes place. ’ Second, we must know the pathway of ventricular depolarization. Third, we must understand the basic principles of current flow in volume conductors2 and the modifications of these principles necessitated by the resistive inhomogeneity of the tissues and the irregular shape of the body. The potential Ep a t a given point P in a homogeneous conducting medium is a product (1) of the solid angle fl subtended a t P by the boundary between resting and active tissue, and (2) of the dipole moment per unit area CP across the boundary between resting and active tissue. To determine the solid angle 3, a sphere of radius R is drawn with origin a t P and intersecting all lines from P to the boundary. A is then the area of the sphere within the lines from P to the boundary, and the solid angle is equal to A/RZ. The dipole moment per unit area, CP, is determined by dividing the voltage V across the “cell” membrane by 4 ~ . Then 9 = V / h
Clinical aspects of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo associated with migraine.

INTRODUCTION Whether clinical features in patients with BPPV and migraine differ from patients with BPPV without migraine is unknown. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to compare clinical aspects of patients with or without migraine. MATERIALS AND METHOD 263 patients with BPPV were enrolled. Patients were investigated in terms of age, gender, symptoms, affected side, type of BPPV and the cure rate. Data were compared in patients with and without migraine. Mean values and standard deviations (± SD) were calculated. One way ANOVA test was used for the analysis. Significance was set at p < 0.005. RESULTS 32 patients had migraine (11.4%). Gender ratio difference between groups was significant (4.2 vs. 1.3). Comparative analysis of average age between groups was not significant (p = 0.069; 38.50 ± 11.52, 43.38 ± 13.83). Majority of patients had symptoms less than 2 months and the difference was not significant (78.1% vs. 76%). Comparative analysis of cure rate of the therapeutic maneuvers between 2 groups was not significant (77% vs. 84%). CONCLUSION Patients with BPPV may have associated migraine. However, this study does not indicate that the presence of migraine is a risk factor for BPPV for the cure since the therapeutic outcome is similar.
That's disgusting! …, but very amusing: Mixed feelings of amusement and disgust

This study examines mixed feelings of amusement and disgust. Participants (N=102) reported their affect before and after watching a film clip depicting disgusting humour. While watching the clip participants were instructed to take the perspective of either an uninvolved observer or of the clip's protagonist. As expected this clip produced mixed feelings of amusement and disgust, and perspective moderated changes in affect and mixed feelings. Disgust increased equally in both conditions and amusement increased only in the observer condition. As a result mixed feelings of amusement and disgust were more intense in the observer condition. As the first study to demonstrate moderation of mixed feelings, this work adds to the extant literature on mixed feelings and has implications for emotion research.
Fractional Order PID Controller Tuning Based on IMC

In this work, a class of fractional order controller (FOPID) is tuned based on internal model control (IMC). This tuning rule has been obtained without any approximation of time delay. Moreover to show usefulness of fractional order controller in comparison with classical integer order controllers, an industrial PID controller tuned in a similar way, is compared with FOPID and then robust stability of both controllers is investigated. Robust stability analysis has been done to find maximum delayed time uncertainty interval which results in a stable closed loop control system. For a typical system, robust stability has been done to find maximum time constant uncertainty interval of system. Two clarify the proposed control system design procedure, three examples have been given.
Persistency of Biologic Therapies for Plaque Psoriasis in 2 Large Community Practices

Background: Biologics have transformed the management of moderate to severe psoriasis. The persistency of biologics lacks real-world data. Objectives: To quantify drug survival of infliximab (IFX), adalimumab (ADA), etanercept (ETA), and ustekinumab (UST) and to identify potential factors affecting drug survival. Methods: An observational, retrospective 2-centre study consisting of 906 patients from private practices in Ontario between July 2003 and June 13, 2016, was conducted, including patients with plaque psoriasis receiving commercial treatment with ADA, ETA, IFX, and UST. Paper and electronic records of each patient were reviewed. Results: Median survival times for UST, IFX, ADA, and ETA were respectively, in months, 68, 23, 33, and 28. Female sex was determined to be a statistically significant positive predictor of drug survival. Our study was consistent with the literature in that UST had the highest survival rate compared to the other biologics, and the shape of our drug survival curve suggested that loss of drug efficacy is a stochastic occurrence. Compared to other studies, our data exhibited lower survival rates at various time points for all the biologics studied, and female sex did not predict drug survival in other studies. We also investigated potential reasons for differences in biologic survival times between different practices; the main differentiator was drug dosage, as higher dosages were associated with greater survival. Conclusion: UST has a higher drug survival rate than ADA, ETA, and IFX, as observed in other studies. When practice patterns are compared, dosage difference is the main factor that may cause differing survival rates.
Breast diseases during pregnancy and lactation

Breast is a typical female sexual physiologic organ that is influenced by steroid hormone from menarche until menopause. Therefore various diseases can be developed by continuous action of estrogen and progesterone. Breast diseases are mainly categorized as benign and malignant. It is very important to distinguish the malignancy from breast diseases. However, it is very difficult to diagnose malignancy in pregnant and lactating women even though the same breast diseases took place. Therefore, we will review breast diseases such as breast carcinoma during pregnancy and lactation.
Etanercept therapy in rheumatoid arthritis and the risk of malignancies: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials

Purpose: Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) plays an important role in inflammation and may affect tumour growth control. To assess the risk of malignancy with etanercept, a fusion protein that inhibits TNF action, a meta-analysis was performed using individual patient data from randomised controlled trials (RCT) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: A search was conducted of bibliographic databases, abstracts from annual meetings and any unpublished studies on file with manufacturers of etanercept to December 2006. Only RCT of etanercept used for 12 weeks or more in patients with RA were included. Nine trials met the inclusion criteria. To adjudicate endpoints, the case narratives of potential cases were reviewed. Patient-level data were extracted from the clinical trials databases. Results: The nine trials included 3316 patients, 2244 who received etanercept (contributing 2484 person-years of follow-up) and 1072 who received control therapy (1051 person-years). Malignancies were diagnosed in 26 patients in the etanercept group (incidence rate (IR) 10.47/1000 person-years) and seven patients in the control group (IR 6.66/1000 person-years). A Cox’s proportional hazards, fixed-effect model stratified by trial yielded a hazard ratio of 1.84 (95% CI 0.79 to 4.28) for the etanercept group compared with the control group. Conclusions: In this analysis, the point estimate of malignancy risk was higher in etanercept-treated patients, although the results were not statistically significant. The approach of obtaining individual patient data of RCT in cooperation with trial sponsors allowed important insights into the methodological advantages and challenges of sparse adverse event data meta-analysis.
Validation of survey information on smoking and alcohol consumption against import statistics, Greenland 1993–2010

Background . Questionnaires are widely used to obtain information on health-related behaviour, and they are more often than not the only method that can be used to assess the distribution of behaviour in subgroups of the population. No validation studies of reported consumption of tobacco or alcohol have been published from circumpolar indigenous communities. Objective . The purpose of the study is to compare information on the consumption of tobacco and alcohol obtained from 3 population surveys in Greenland with import statistics. Design . Estimates of consumption of cigarettes and alcohol using several different survey instruments in cross-sectional population studies from 1993–1994, 1999–2001 and 2005–2010 were compared with import statistics from the same years. Results . For cigarettes, survey results accounted for virtually the total import. Alcohol consumption was significantly under-reported with reporting completeness ranging from 40% to 51% for different estimates of habitual weekly consumption in the 3 study periods. Including an estimate of binge drinking increased the estimated total consumption to 78% of the import. Conclusion . Compared with import statistics, questionnaire-based population surveys capture the consumption of cigarettes well in Greenland. Consumption of alcohol is under-reported, but asking about binge episodes in addition to the usual intake considerably increased the reported intake in this population and made it more in agreement with import statistics. It is unknown to what extent these findings at the population level can be inferred to population subgroups.
The Model of Interpersonal Teacher Behaviour: a qualitative cross‐cultural validation within the Greek elementary education context

The Model of Interpersonal Teacher Behaviour (MITB) provides a widely acclaimed framework for studying the student-teacher interaction. However, the consistently weak psychometric properties of the instruments designed to measure the MITB in educational contexts other than the ones for which the MITB was originally developed, indicate the need for scrutinised cross- cultural adaptation procedures. The present study examined the cross-cultural validity of the MITB within the Greek elementary education context. Semi-structured interviews were under- taken with 6 teachers and 24 students. Interviews were analysed using the method of qualitative content analysis. The findings corroborated the validity of the MITB and indicated slight repetitive patterns of differentiation in the conceptualisation of the MITB by both Greek elementary students and teachers.
The Relationship of Behavior Ratings to Grades Earned by Female High School Students.

AbstractGood behavior ratings were found to accompany good marks in all subject areas studied (commerce, English, math, foreign languages, science, and social studies), and unsatisfactory behavior ratings were found to accompany failing marks in all subject areas except foreign languages for 441 tenth and eleventh grade Negro girls who attended school for at least 150 days during the school year. Teachers, whether they were male or female, who gave favorable behavior ratings also tended to give higher grades than teachers who gave unfavorable behavior ratings. Social studies teachers gave the highest proportion of excellent behavior ratings, and English teachers gave the highest proportion of unsatisfactory behavior ratings.
Researching School-Based Teacher Education

Part 1 Introduction: the policy context for school-based teacher education. Part 2 Issues and processes: crossing academic communities - clarifying the conceptual landscape in initial teacher education benchmarking the competences pedagogical content knowledge - what do mature students bring to teaching? transition to mentoring - issues in primary initial teaching training further professional encounters - students and their school tutors initial teacher training and partnership - a management perspective long memories - lessons for the induction and support of student teachers in schools primary school-based teacher education in France value conflicts in school-based initial teacher education. Part 3 Case studies: planning for a partnership in the primary sector - a Welsh perspective new partnerships in schools - comparing teaching practice supervision in Accredited Assessment Schools (AAS) and Professional Development Schools (PDS) the developement of professional competences change in teacher education - interpreting and experiencing new professional roles the theory practice gap explored - the views of the art and physical education the mentoring process in initial teacher education - the respective roles of personnel in a pilot school-based scheme managing time within the initial teacher training partnership - Chenderit's first year as an internship school comparing HEAPs with SAP's - initial teacher education in the secondary secotr an evaluation of Nene College's PGCE pilot project 1993-94 externally enforced change - the experience of students and mentors during the pilot year of a post - 9/92 school-based course stringing along - untying the knots in a college-school PGCE teacher training network. Part 4 Conclusion: policy, market and school-based training.
Therapeutic potential of CAR-T cell-derived exosomes: a cell-free modality for targeted cancer therapy

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-based T-cell adoptive immunotherapy is a distinctively promising therapy for cancer. The engineering of CARs into T cells provides T cells with tumor-targeting capabilities and intensifies their cytotoxic activity through stimulated cell expansion and enhanced cytokine production. As a novel and potent therapeutic modality, there exists some uncontrollable processes which are the potential sources of adverse events. As an extension of this impactful modality, CAR-T cell-derived exosomes may substitute CAR-T cells to act as ultimate attackers, thereby overcoming some limitations. Exosomes retain most characteristics of parent cells and play an essential role in intercellular communications via transmitting their cargo to recipient cells. The application of CAR-T cell-derived exosomes will make this cell-based therapy more clinically controllable as it also provides a cell-free platform to diversify anticancer mediators, which responds effectively to the complexity and volatility of cancer. It is believed that the appropriate application of both cellular and exosomal platforms will make this effective treatment more practicable.
Association between mothers' education and grade six children numeracy and literacy in Kenya

The objective of the paper is to re-examine the mother–child education achievement hypothesis, by re-examining the effect of mother's education, on math and literacy test scores of children in Kenya. Data come from the classroom Education Research Programme at the African Population and Health Research Centre which was collected between January and March 2012. Since pupils are nested within schools, we fitted a two-level random intercept model. Our findings show that mothers' and fathers' education has a positive and significant independent association with literacy and numeracy achievement. After interacting mothers' and fathers' education and controlling for school and pupil characteristics, we observed two significant findings: (1) mother's education remains statistically significant but is negatively associated with the pupil's score in both literacy and numeracy; and (2) the interaction of both parents' education is significant and positively associated with pupil scores in literacy and numeracy. This study underscores the importance of the complementarity between mothers' and fathers' education in order for children to acquire and learn literacy and numeracy in schools. In as much as mothers' education is important in the children's literacy and numeracy, the importance of fathers in children's literacy and numeracy cannot be ignored.
Dosimetry Verification of 125I Seeds Implantation With Three-Dimensional Printing Noncoplanar Templates and CT Guidance for Paravertebral/Retroperitoneal Malignant Tumors

Objective: To compare dose distributions of postoperative plans with preoperative plans for radioactive seed implantation of paravertebral/retroperitoneal tumors assisted by 3-dimensional printing noncoplanar templates and computed tomography. Methods: Sixteen patients with paravertebral/retroperitoneal tumors (21 lesions) underwent radioactive seed implantation with 3-dimensional printing noncoplanar templates. Prescribed dose was 110 to 160 Gy. We compared the dose distribution of the postoperative plan with the preoperative plan. Dose parameters were D90, minimum peripheral dose, V100, V150, conformal index and external index of the target volume, and the dose received by 2 cm3 of normal tissue of organs at risk (spinal cord, aorta, and kidney). Results: Sixteen 3-dimensional printing noncoplanar templates were produced for 21 treatment areas. Mean gross tumor volume (preoperative) of patients was 61.1 cm3, mean needle number was 17, mean number of implanted 125I seeds was 65, and mean D90 of postoperative target area (gross tumor volume) was 131.1 Gy. Actual number of seeds postbrachytherapy increased by 1 to 12 in 8 cases. For postoperative plans, the mean D90, minimum peripheral dose, V100, V150 was 131.1 Gy, 67.1 Gy, 90.2%, and 64.1%, respectively, and 135.0 Gy, 64.7 Gy, 90.9%, and 64.1%, respectively, in preoperative plans. Comparing with the preplanned cases, the dose of the target volume was slightly lower and the high-dose area of the target volume was larger in postoperative cases, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > .05). Actual dose conformity of the target volume was lower than preplanned, and the difference was statistically significant (P = .005). Conclusion: Three-dimensional printing noncoplanar templates can provide good accuracy for positioning and direction in radioactive seed implantation.