Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
(Un)liveabilities: Homonationalism and transnational adoption

Rosa Morena tells a story about kinship in which a white homosexual Danish man adopts a child born to a black poor Brazilian woman. Using a theoretical framework of biopolitics and affective labour the article highlights how the male homosexual figure is being cast as heteronormative and white in order to become intelligible as a parent and the bearer of liveable kinship. The casting rests on the affective and reproductive labour of the birth mother who is portrayed as an unsuitable parent through a colonial discourse steeped in sexualized and racialized imagery. A specific distribution of affect fixates and relegates the birth mother to a state of living dead, and thus she becomes the bearer of an unliveable kinship.
Protective Role of rAAV-NDI1, Serotype 5, in an Acute MPTP Mouse Parkinson's Model

Defects in mitochondrial proton-translocating NADH-quinone oxidoreductase (complex I) have been implicated in a number of acquired and hereditary diseases including Leigh's syndrome and more recently Parkinson's disease. A limited number of strategies have been attempted to repair the damaged complex I with little or no success. We have recently shown that the non-proton-pumping, internal NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (Ndi1) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker's yeast) can be successfully inserted into the mitochondria of mice and rats, and the enzyme was found to be fully active. Using recombinant adenoassociated virus vectors (serotype 5) carrying our NDI1 gene, we were able to express the Ndi1 protein in the substantia nigra (SN) of C57BL/6 mice with an expression period of two months. The results show that the AAV serotype 5 was highly efficient in expressing Ndi1 in the SN, when compared to a previous model using serotype 2, which led to nearly 100% protection when using an acute MPTP model. It is conceivable that the AAV-serotype5 carrying the NDI1 gene is a powerful tool for proof-of-concept study to demonstrate complex I defects as the causable factor in diseases of the brain.
The 52-Week High and Momentum Investing

When coupled with a stock's current price, a readily available piece of information-the 52-week high price-explains a large portion of the profits from momentum investing. Nearness to the 52-week high dominates and improves upon the forecasting power of past returns (both individual and industry returns) for future returns. Future returns forecast using the 52-week high do not reverse in the long run. These results indicate that short-term momentum and long-term reversals are largely separate phenomena, which presents a challenge to current theory that models these aspects of security returns as integrated components of the market's response to news. Copyright 2004 by The American Finance Association.
Physical Education Teacher Educators' Personal Perspectives Regarding Their Practice of Critical Pedagogy.

Many researchers and theoretical scholars have questioned the social-transformative claims of critical pedagogy (CP) in physical education. Most of these criticisms center on its application in physical education teacher education (PETE). Our knowledge of the perspectives and practices of physical education teacher educators (PETEs) who claim to practice CP, however, is still tentative at best; consequently, the reason for its limited success are still largely unknown. To shed some light on this issue, 17 PETEs who claimed to practice critical pedagogy were interviewed at length regarding their definition of CP, including its principles and purposes, and their pedagogical practices. The results show that more than half of the PETEs did not fully understand the main principles and purposes of CP as presented in the literature, and that many of their methods were incongruent with these principles and purposes. This lack of understanding of CP might be an important factor contributing to its limited success .
Democratizing with Ethnic Divisions: A Source of Conflict?

This article investigates the conditions that are conducive to extreme political violence in ethnically heterogeneous nations. Theories of resource mobilization, ethnic competition, and split labor market propose that democratization and economic modernization encourage ethnic competition, increasing the likelihood of extreme political violence within nations experiencing political and economic change. In the light of these theories, the conditions that possibly foster conflict in multi-ethnic nations are identified with respect to levels of democracy, political change (or democratization), and levels of economic development. The effects of these variables on extreme political violence are examined with several logit regression analyses on a pooled time-series sample of 126 nations from 1948 to 1982. The findings show that ethnic heterogeneity is not associated with higher levels of violence within nations, except under certain political conditions. Both democracy and economic development relate to political violence in a curvilinear inverted U-shape form. For ethnically heterogeneous societies, however, the inverted U-curve for democracy is asymmetric, with democracy's pacifying impact relative to semidemocracies only about half as potent as in ethnically homogeneous societies and less than that of strict autocracy.
Boundary Conditions for Mathemagenic Behaviors1

Herbert Spencer once said that when a man's knowledge is not in order, the more of it he has the . greater will be his confusion. There is more knowledge about instructional processes available today than ever before; and there is more confusion. Educational psychologists write that educational psychology seems to be “ . in a superficial, ill-digested, and typically disjointed and watered-down miscellany of general psychology, learning theory, developmental psychology, social psychology, psychological measurement, psychology of adjustment, mental hygiene, client-centered counseling and child-centered education . " (Ausubel, 1968, p. 1), and that “ . the study of instruction has produced a tremendous quantity of empirical research studies, many of them without thoughtful conceptualizations, without explicit responsibility for developing theory of instruction, and without contribution to knowledge about instruction" (Wittrock, 1967, p. 1). As Spencer warned, intellectual disorder (in educational psychology) has resulted in confusion. As suggested in the quotes above, this disorder stems in part from two afflictions that have plagued the research community.
Learning transfer – validation of the learning transfer system inventory in Portugal

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the construct validity of learning transfer system inventory (LTSI) for use in Portugal. Furthermore, it also aims to analyze whether LTSI dimensions differ across individual variables such as gender, age, educational level and job tenure.Design/methodology/approach – After a rigorous translation process that included forward and backward translation, subjective evaluations of the translated items, and pilot testing, the Portuguese version of LTSI was completed by 484 trainees, who attended different kinds of training courses. Two separate exploratory factor analyses were run to analyze the specific and general domains covered by LTSI. An initial analysis with the validated items and a second one with the validated and research items were also completed.Findings – The results of the initial factor analyses showed a 16‐factor structure that accurately paralleled the 16‐factor structure of the original English version and revealed that this one is the most p.
Detecting Earnings Management — Evidence from Rounding-up in Reported EPS November 2002

This paper evaluates a comprehensive list of metrics proposed for detecting earnings management in a setting where managers manipulate earnings to round up reported EPS. I find that deferred tax expense is able to detect earnings management in the rounding-up setting while discretionary accruals models are not. Further analysis provides evidence that firms manipulate bad debt expense for the purpose of rounding-up reported EPS. The superior performance of deferred tax expense can be explained by deferred tax expense being better able to capture earnings manipulation through bad debt expense than discretionary accruals are. This finding highlights the importance of examining specific accruals, as advocated in Healy and Wahlen (1999).
YOUNG CHILDREN, NEW MEDIA

In May 2006 a new cable channel entered American television; BabyFirstTV became the first 24 hour cable and satellite network to offer programming aimed at viewers between 6 months and 3 years old. Earlier in the spring, Sesame Workshop released a DVD series, ‘‘Sesame Beginnings,’’ designed for children 6 months to 2 years old to compete with the well known ‘‘Baby Einstein’’ series of infant videos. These media directed at the very young are only the latest of a trend to both program for and attract very young children to audio-visual media. In addition to cable networks and DVDs, interactive toys, cell phones, websites, and other content are now directed at the very young child as well (Kaiser Family Foundation, 2006). Data from two Kaiser Family Foundation surveys of the parents of children 6 months to 6 years over the past 4 years (2003, 2006) provide evidence that electronic media are an increasingly important part of the lives of the very young. This paper will examine the use of electronic media by children under three and will examine what impact such early viewing might have on children’s development. The past decade in American media life has demonstrated the presence of screen media—television, videos, DVDs, computers, videogames—in the lives of very young children. Both the 2003 and 2006 national surveys of media use by children under six conducted by the Kaiser Family Foundation have provided evidence that American children are more likely today to spend time with screen media than print media or free play. All of this is occurring at a time when media directed at young children is facing criticism: for instance, since 1999 the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends discouraging children under two from watching any screen media and limiting older children to 2 hours or less per day (American Academy of Pediatrics, 1999). There are questions regarding the impact of such early media use on children’s cognitive and social development, including questions regarding just how and when children do learn from screen media (Wartella, Vandewater, & Rideout, 2005). Moreover, more than 35 years of experience with preschoolers using Sesame Street has demonstrated that 4to 6-year-olds can learn important skills such as their numbers and letters, as well as pre-reading skills that can have a positive effect on them as they enter elementary school (Wright et al., 2001); however, the impact of these educational shows on younger children is less clear (Linebarger & Walker, 2005). There is no clear cut evidence regarding young children’s learning from screen media. In fact, what is most surprising is the dearth of studies on the very young (those under three) including examination of the likely consequences of their early screen media on development.
Celiac disease in children and adolescents with Down syndrome.

OBJECTIVES High prevalence rates of celiac disease in patients with Down syndrome have been reported in several countries. However, in Brazil there is no data regarding this association. In this study we report the prevalence of celiac disease in Down syndrome children and adolescents from southern Brazil. METHODS Seventy-one patients (32 female and 39 male, 2-18 years) from Curitiba, Brazil, were studied. Eighty young people (42 male and 38 female, 2-19 years) were used as controls. All subjects were screened for the IgA-antiendomysium antibody (EmA) and IgA anti-tecidual transglutaminase (anti-tTG). EmA was measured by an immunofluorescence assay using umbilical cord as the substrate and anti-tTG by ELISA with tecidual transglutaminase as the antigen. The total IgA serum level was determined by turbidimetry. RESULTS Five DS patients (7%) were positive for EmA-IgA, with titers from 1/5 to 1/80 and 14 (17.5%) for anti-tTG (21-340 units). All EmA positive patients also presented anti-tTG antibodies simultaneously. Clinical and histological findings of the intestinal mucosa confirmed celiac disease diagnoses in four patients. The other EmA positive patient was asymptomatic and was not submitted to duodenal biopsy. Patients only positive for anti-tTG presented borderline values (< 25 units) and were asymptomatic. None of the controls were positive for EmA or anti-tTG. No Down syndrome patients or controls presented IgA deficiency. CONCLUSIONS These data indicates a high prevalence (5.6%) of confirmed celiac disease in Down syndrome patients from southern Brazil.
A Cross-Cultural Study of Observed Conflicts Between Young Children

Young children (5 to 6 years old) from an individualistic (the Netherlands) culture and a collectivistic (South of Spain: Andalusia) culture were videotaped during leisure time on their school playground. Based on the perspective of individualism-collectivism (IND-COL), cultural differences were expected with respect to observed conflict behaviors. Conflict episodes were analyzed with respect to conflict issues, strategies, and outcomes. In Andalusia, an unexpected high number of conflicts were observed, about three times higher than in the Netherlands. As expected, Andalusian children turned out to be more concerned with control of play and behavior and Dutch children more with control of objects and space. With respect to strategy use, Andalusian children used negotiation more often than Dutch children. The latter included more often nonverbal and directive ingredients in their strategies. Dutch children ended their conflicts by means of social or physical rupture much more often than Andalusian children. The latter preferred to continue the interaction, even if this required submission to others’ wishes. Results are discussed from the perspective of IND-COL, with particular emphasis on four characteristics of studies of peer conflicts: definition of conflict, method of data collection, age of participants, and social setting of the participants.
Dynamic Associations among Somatic Complaints, Human Energy, and Discretionary Behaviors

Using data from two experience-sampling studies, this paper investigates the dynamic relationships between discretionary behaviors at work—voluntary tasks that employees perform—and internal somatic complaints, focusing specifically on a person’s pain fluctuations. Integrating theories of human energy with evidence from the organizational, psychological, and medical sciences, we argue that pain both depletes and redirects the allocation of employees’ energy. We hypothesize that somatic pain is associated with depleted resources and lowered work engagement, which in turn are related to ebbs and flows in discretionary behaviors, but that people will habituate to the negative effects of pain over time. Data from the two studies largely support our hypotheses. Study 1 explores the daily experiences of a sample of office workers with chronic pain, while Study 2 extends the findings to a larger non-clinical population and examines the effect of momentary pain during the workday. Our results suggest that pain fluctuations, through their effects on two forms of human energy, potential and in-use energy, are associated with increased withdrawal and a decrease in proactive extra-role behaviors at work. The results also suggest that employees who have experienced chronic pain for a longer time are less affected by the normally depleting effects of pain.
The Politics of Inclusion and Exclusion: Citizenship and Voting Rights in Bosnia and Herzegovina

This article uses the lenses of citizenship to examine the uneven distribution of voting rights in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH). While recognizing the significance of power-sharing in BiH, the article argues that the key obstacle to modifying the politics of inclusion and exclusion through citizenship and the franchise is the static nature of political competition in the country. The intimate relationship between political parties and their ethno-centric agendas on the one hand, and the multi-tiered governance structure on the other, prevents the possibility of reaching an agreement on constitutional reform as it would disrupt the current power balances that favour ethnic elites.
Bistable Region of Backoff Algorithms with Contention Window in Slotted ALOHA Systems

Abstract—It has been widely recognized that bistable behavior of random access protocols may suddenly deteriorate the performance of the system due to the unexpected slip into an undesired stable operating point. The catastrophe theory succeeds in presenting the bistable region of random access protocols, where packet retransmissions occur in a memoryless manner. In this correspondence, the stability of slotted ALOHA systems using backoff algorithms with the contention window is analyzed without converting the retransmission with the contention window into the memoryless retransmissions. The analysis is based on the catastrophe theory. We first construct a two-dimensional Markovian model, which is equivalent to the model devised for IEEE 802.11 DCF by Bianchi. Then, the balance function of the system is formulated whose zeros provide equilibrium operating points. Finally, we prove that the system is mono-stable for any set of contention window sizes, if the number of allowable retransmissions is less than or equal to eight. Equivalently, the existence of the bistable region is proved if nine or more retransmissions of backlogged packet are permitted.
Student Involvement and Institutional Commitment to Diversity as Predictors of Native American Student Learning

Using a national sample (n = 643) of Native American students who took the College Student Experiences Questionnaire (CSEQ), the researcher identified how student involvement and institutional commitment to diversity predicted student learning. Native American students reported higher levels of learning when the institution's commitment to diversity was strong and when students were frequently engaged in discussion with others, particularly when that discussion required students to synthesize and integrate information from various sources. Suggestions are made for student affairs efforts to boost institutional emphasis on diversity and to increase frequency of peer discussion.
Distributive Justice within and Outside the Family

Summary A test was made of Lerner's hypothesis that the Marxian, or need-based, justice norm is seen as more applicable to resource distribution among family members than norms such as equity and equality which have been found to apply in other situations. A total of 96 male and female college students distributed hypothetical resources to pairs of story characters whose performances were unequal. Need and relationship of the characters were varied between subjects. A significant interaction between need and relationship lent support to Lerner's hypothesis.
Trait Emotional Intelligence and Children's Peer Relations at School

Trait emotional intelligence (‘trait EI’ or ‘trait emotional self-efficacy’) is a constellation of emotion-related self-perceptions and dispositions comprising the affective aspects of personality. The present study investigated the role of trait EI in children's peer relations at school. One hundred and sixty pupils (83 girls; mean age = 10.8 years) were administered the trait emotional intelligence questionnaire and were subsequently asked to nominate all classmates who fitted each of seven distinct behavioural descriptions (‘co-operative’, ‘disruptive’, ‘shy’, ‘aggressive’, ‘dependent’, ‘leader’ and ‘intimidating’). The teachers were also asked to nominate all pupils who fitted the seven descriptions. Pupils with high trait EI scores received more nominations for ‘co-operation’ and ‘leadership’ and fewer nominations for ‘disruption’, ‘aggression’ and ‘dependence’. Factor analysis of teacher nominations revealed two orthogonal factors encompassing pro social and antisocial descriptions, respectively. High trait EI pupils scored higher on the pro social factor and lower on the antisocial factor. The discussion focuses on the construct validity of trait EI and its implications for children's peer relations at school.
When soft voices die: auditory verbal hallucinations and a four letter word (love)

Understandings of auditory verbal hallucinations (also referred to as “hearing voices”), and help for people distressed by them, are dominated by a biomedical framework. Yet, many people who have sought help for the distress and/or impairment caused by hearing voices express dissatisfaction with treatment solely within this framework, highlighting the need for a more rounded, biopsychosocial-spiritual approach. This paper examines the neglected role of a fundamental part of human experience, love, in the experience of hearing voices. First, we argue a lack of love is likely to play a causal role in voice-hearing experiences. Second, we demonstrate that a lack of love is central to the distress and dysfunction often caused by hearing voices. Finally, we show that love plays a core role in recovery. Given this centrality of love, we argue that an interdisciplinary approach to hearing voices involving the mind sciences and theology/religion may be fruitful. The relevance of this for psychotherapeutic interventions for people who hear voices is discussed.
Refusal and Resistance Skills for Children and Adolescents: A Selected Review

The authors review the literature on refusal and resistance skill (RRS) training implemented with children and adolescents. RRS training is critically evaluated across different target behaviors and outcomes. RRS efficacy is considered for tobacco use, including smoking and smokeless tobacco, alcohol and substance abuse, and sexual activity. Factors that influence RRS training are identified and process variables are discussed. These include age and gender, media formats (video or live), and teacher-led versus peer-led approaches. Conclusions are drawn based on the reviewed literature.
Optimisation of a Generic Ionic Model of Cardiac Myocyte Electrical Activity

A generic cardiomyocyte ionic model, whose complexity lies between a simple phenomenological formulation and a biophysically detailed ionic membrane current description, is presented. The model provides a user-defined number of ionic currents, employing two-gate Hodgkin-Huxley type kinetics. Its generic nature allows accurate reconstruction of action potential waveforms recorded experimentally from a range of cardiac myocytes. Using a multiobjective optimisation approach, the generic ionic model was optimised to accurately reproduce multiple action potential waveforms recorded from central and peripheral sinoatrial nodes and right atrial and left atrial myocytes from rabbit cardiac tissue preparations, under different electrical stimulus protocols and pharmacological conditions. When fitted simultaneously to multiple datasets, the time course of several physiologically realistic ionic currents could be reconstructed. Model behaviours tend to be well identified when extra experimental information is incorporated into the optimisation.