Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Acute Traumatic Stress in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Parents: Relation to Existential Emotion-Based Personality Predispositions

This study explored the relation between personality predisposition to existential emotions—shame (Test of Self-Conscious Affect), guilt (Guilt Inventory), and fear of death (Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale)—and acute traumatic stress symptom severity (Stanford Acute Stress Reaction Questionnaire) in a cohort of parents of neonatal intensive care unit infants (mothers, N = 110; fathers, N = 94). There was a significant correlation between fear of death and acute stress symptom severity in both mothers and fathers, and fear of death explained a significant unique proportion of the variance in acute stress symptom severity in both sexes. Shame and chronic guilt made significant contributions to the variance in acute stress symptom severity in mothers, though the relationship was mediated by fear of death.
Synthesis of Research on Cooperative Learning.

T here was once a time when it was taken for granted that a quiet class was a learning class, when principals walked down the hall expecting to be able to hear a pin drop. Today, however, many schools are using programs that foster the hum of voices in classrcxims. These programs, called cooperative learn ing, encourage students to discuss, debate, disagree, and ultimately to teach one another Cooperative learning has been sug gested as ihe solution for an astonish ing array of educational problems: it is often cited as a means of emphasizing thinking skills and increasing higherorder learning, as an alternative to ability grouping, remediation, or spe cial education; as a means of improv ing race relations and acceptance of mainstreamed students; and as a way to prepare students for an increasingly collaborative work force How many of these claims are justified? What ef fects do the various cooperative learn ing methods have on student achieve ment and other outcomes? Which forms of ccx>perative learning are most effective, and what components must be in place for cooperative learn ing to work? To answer these questions, I've syn thesized in this article the findings of studies of cooperative learning in ele mentary and secondary schools that have compared ccx>perative learning to traditionally taught control groups studying the same objectives over a peritxj of at least four weeks (and up to a full school year or more) Here I present a brief summary of the effects of cxxjperative learning on achieve ment and noncognitive outcomes; for a more extensive review, see Cooper-
[Effects of dietary variety on declines in high-level functional capacity in elderly people living in a community].

OBJECTIVE The purpose of the investigation was to assess effects of dietary variety on declines in high-level functional capacity in community dwelling elderly, based on a 5-year longitudinal study (from 1992 to 1997). SUBJECTS AND METHOD Subjects were a representative sample comprising 235 men (mean age 70.8 years) and 373 women (71.7 years) aged 65 years and above, living in Nangai village in Akita prefecture. Baseline and follow-up surveys were undertaken by the interview method. For assessing dietary variety, we introduced the dietary variety score (DVS), counting the number of 10 food-groups consumed daily from food frequency questionnaires: meat, fish and shellfish, eggs, milk, soybean products, potatoes, green yellow vegetables, fruits, seaweed, and fat and oil. The DVS ranged from 0 to 10 with higher score indicating a higher dietary variety. We also evaluated higher-level functional capacity using the Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology Index of Competence (TMIG Index of Competence). Effects of dietary variety on declines in TMIG Index of Competence were analyzed by multiple logistic regression analysis. RESULTS The average TMIG Index of Competence score for men and women were 12.1 and 10.8 at baseline, respectively. The mean baseline DVS was 6.3 for men, and 6.2 for women. Relative to the reference groups with DVS in 1-3, the groups with 4-8 and 9-10 scores had lower risks for decrease in TMIG Index of Competence scores over the study period. Relative risks (95% confidence interval) of the groups with a DVS of 4-8 and 9-10 were 0.92 (0.50-1.67) and 0.71 (0.34-1.48) regarding instrumental self maintenance, 0.50 (0.29-0.86) and 0.40 (0.20-0.77) for intellectual activities, and 0.44 (0.26-0.75) and 0.43 (0.20-0.82) for social roles of sub-scales of TMIG Index of Competence, adjusting for age, sex, educational attainment, and the baseline TMIG Index of Competence scores. CONCLUSION Higher dietary variety is associated with a reduced risk of higher-level functional decline in community dwelling elderly.
Significantly Reduced Intensity of Infection but Persistent Prevalence of Schistosomiasis in a Highly Endemic Region in Mali after Repeated Treatment

Background Preventive chemotherapy against schistosomiasis has been implemented since 2005 in Mali, targeting school-age children and adults at high risk. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2010 to evaluate the impact of repeated treatment among school-age children in the highly-endemic region of Segou. Methodology/Principal Findings The survey was conducted in six sentinel schools in three highly-endemic districts, and 640 school children aged 7–14 years were examined. Infections with Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni were diagnosed with the urine filtration and the Kato-Katz method respectively. Overall prevalence of S. haematobium infection was 61.7%, a significant reduction of 30% from the baseline in 2004 (p<0.01), while overall prevalence of S. mansoni infection was 12.7% which was not significantly different from the baseline. Overall mean intensity of S. haematobium and S. mansoni infection was 180.4 eggs/10 ml of urine and 88.2 epg in 2004 respectively. These were reduced to 33.2 eggs/10 ml of urine and 43.2 epg in 2010 respectively, a significant reduction of 81.6% and 51% (p<0.001). The proportion of heavy S. haematobium infections was reduced from 48.8% in 2004 to 13.8% in 2010, and the proportion of moderate and heavy S. mansoni infection was reduced from 15.6% in 2004 to 9.4% in 2010, both significantly (p<0.01). Mathematical modelling suggests that the observed results were in line with the expected changes. Conclusions/Significance Significant reduction in intensity of infection on both infections and modest but significant reduction in S. haematobium prevalence were achieved in highly-endemic Segou region after repeated chemotherapy. However, persistent prevalence of both infections and relatively high level of intensity of S. mansoni infection suggest that more intensified control measures be implemented in order to achieve the goal of schistosomiasis elimination. In addition, closer monitoring and evaluation activities are needed in the programme to monitor the drug tolerance and to adjust treatment focus.
Contextual Attributes of Indirect Bullying Situations That Influence Teachers' Decisions to Intervene

Indirect bullying occurs frequently yet receives little attention by teachers. Using conjoint analysis, we examined the influence of situational attributes on teachers' decisions to intervene in indirect bullying. Results revealed that teachers (N = 235) were most influenced by victimized children's distress. Additional analyses identified two subgroups that differed in terms of degree of influence: protective teachers (61%) who were highly influenced by victimized children's distress and by physical aspects of bullying, and contextually sensitive teachers (39%) who considered relatively more situational attributes and showed more sensitivity to indirect bullying. These findings indicate that teachers could benefit from professional development that sensitizes them to the psychosocial and health risks to children who bully and to children who are victims of indirect bullying.
Insulin Pumps: What Every School Nurse Needs to Know

The results of the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial revolutionized the care of people with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM). The era of “tight control” of blood sugars to decrease microvascular complications dawned. The subsequent technological development of insulin pumps has made it possible for individuals with Type 1 DM, as well as those with Type 2 who are insulin dependent, to keep their blood sugars in a more normal range. Children of all ages with Type 1 DM have been switching from multiple daily injections of insulin to insulin pumps. School nurses who have not had a child with a pump certainly will in the near future. It is important for school nurses to understand the function and possible complications of using an insulin pump to assist and support children in their transition to pump therapy. School nurses need to be aware of available technical support resources for insulin pumps should problems arise at school with pump management.
Cohabitation in imperial Russia: the case of Lithuania

The main object of this article is to reveal the reasons for cohabitation among Catholics in Kovno gubernia, the biggest administrative district in Imperial Russia's province Lithuania, from the nineteenth to the start of the twentieth centuries. The article also seeks to answer the questions: how widespread was cohabitation in Lithuania, and what were society's attitudes towards cohabitation? The research is heavily built on archive sources. The most important group of them used in this article are the so-called files ‘Trials on Depraved Lifestyles’ (‘Дело о блудной жизни’), documents from the Curia of the Samogitian Diocese from 1813–1915.
The role of dendritic cells in shaping the immune response

Abstract Dendritic cells are central to the initiation of primary immune responses. They are the only antigen-presenting cell capable of stimulating naive T cells, and hence they are pivotal in the generation of adaptive immunity. Dendritic cells also interact with and influence the response of cells of the innate immune system. The manner in which dendritic cells influence the responses in cells of both the innate and adaptive immune systems has consequences for the bias of the adaptive response that mediates immunity to infection after vaccination or infection. It also provides an opportunity to intervene and to influence the response, allowing ways of developing appropriate vaccination strategies. Mouse and human studies have identified myeloid, lymphoid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Studies in domesticated animals with agents of specific infectious diseases have confirmed the applicability of certain of the generic models developed from mice or from in vitro studies on human cells. In vivo and ex vivo studies in cattle have demonstrated the existence of a number of subpopulations of myeloid dendritic cells. These cells differ in their ability to stimulate T cells and in the cytokines that they produce, observations clearly having important implications for the bias of the T-cell response. Dendritic cells also interact with the innate immune system, inducing responses that potentially bias the subsequent adaptive response.
Sum of Nonidentical Squared $\kappa {-} \mu$  Variates and Applications in the Performance Analysis of Diversity Receivers

In this paper, a generalized Laguerre polynomial expansion for the probability density function and the cumulative distribution function of the sum of independent nonidentically distributed squared κ-μ random variables is proposed. Based on these statistical results, we investigate the performance of maximal-ratio-combining diversity techniques operating over κ-μ fading channels with arbitrary fading parameters. Our newly derived formulas are mathematically tractable and include as special cases several results available in the technical literature, namely, those of Rice and Nakagami-m fading channels. The proposed analysis is substantiated by numerically evaluated results compared with Monte Carlo simulations.
An examination of gender role identity, sexual self-esteem, sexual coercion and sexual victimization in a university sample

Abstract The relationship between gender role identity, sexual self-esteem and sexual coercion was examined through a questionnaire. Participants were 84 undergraduate students from a university in Washington, DC. Contrary to what has been found in the literature, there were weak relationships between sexual coercion and masculinity, and sexual coercion and sexual self-esteem. Participants were not sexually aggressive and experienced little victimization. However, there were gender differences in terms of coercion, victimization, gender role identity and sexual self-esteem.
Supporting swift reaction: Automatically uncovering performance problems by systematic experiments

Performance problems pose a significant risk to software vendors. If left undetected, they can lead to lost customers, increased operational costs, and damaged reputation. Despite all efforts, software engineers cannot fully prevent performance problems being introduced into an application. Detecting and resolving such problems as early as possible with minimal effort is still an open challenge in software performance engineering. In this paper, we present a novel approach for Performance Problem Diagnostics (PPD) that systematically searches for well-known performance problems (also called performance antipatterns) within an application. PPD automatically isolates the problem's root cause, hence facilitating problem solving. We applied PPD to a well established transactional web e-Commerce benchmark (TPC-W) in two deployment scenarios. PPD automatically identified four performance problems in the benchmark implementation and its deployment environment. By fixing the problems, we increased the maximum throughput of the benchmark from 1800 requests per second to more than 3500.
Structures of Explanations in History Textbooks or So What if Governor Stanford Missed the Spike and Hit the Rail

Theory and research in reading comprehension have confirmed the important role of text structure in learning from written materials. Text structures that are commonly found in informative, textbook-like prose are just beginning to be identified. In the absence of prior work on structures for history texts, this report proposes generic structures, or frames, that can accommodate explanations of many historical events. Suggestions are made for using the frames as tools in evaluating historical explanations in textbooks, writing historical explanations, and teaching historical explanations. Structures for History Textbooks
Characteristics of High-Risk Adolescents' Dating Violence

Eighty-nine high-risk dating violent (DV) and non–dating violent (NDV) male and female adolescents were compared on several factors within the domains of behavioral problems, psychological adjustment, and parenting, in this exploratory investigation. Dating violence status was then regressed onto the significantly differing factors. DV males reported more violence against a past partner and marijuana usage in the past year, earlier onset of drug use other than marijuana, and elevated levels of externalization (together accounting for 58% of variance), whereas DV females reported elevated rates of internalization and having received less parental involvement, supervision, and behavioral control (together accounting for 35% of variance). Past dating violence for males and internalization for females accounted for significant unique variance. Findings, clinical implications, and directions for future research on high-risk adolescent dating violence are discussed.
The thickness of the tear film

Measurements of the thickness of the pre-corneal tear film, pre-lens tear film, post-lens tear film, and the lipid layer on the surface of the tear film are summarized. Spatial and temporal variations in tear film thickness are described. Theoretical predictions of tear film thickness are discussed. Mechanisms involved in the upward drift of the tear film after a blink, and in the formation of dry spots, are considered.
Joint Planning of Energy Storage and Transmission for Wind Energy Generation

Regions with abundant wind resources usually have no ready access to the existing electric grid. However, building transmission lines that instantaneously deliver all geographically distributed wind energy can be costly. Energy storage (ES) systems can help reduce the cost of bridging wind farms and grids and mitigate the intermittency of wind outputs. In this paper, we propose models of transmission network planning with colocation of ES systems. Our models determine the sizes and sites of ES systems as well as the associated topology and capacity of the transmission network under the feed-in-tariff policy instrument. We first formulate a location model as a mixed-integer second-order-conic program to solve for the ES-transmission network design with uncapacitated storage. Then we propose a method to choose ES sizes by deriving a closed-form upper bound. The major insight is that, in most cases, using even small-sized ES systems can significantly reduce the total expected cost, but their marginal values .
Using occupational history calendars to capture lengthy and complex working lives: a mixed method approach with older people

Accurately documenting the occupational biographies of older people can be challenging given their lengthy duration and the complexity of contemporary employment. This paper shows how a traditionally quantitative occupational history calendar (OHC) instrument can be adapted for use in a mixed methods research design, to gather in-depth information about long working lives. The OHCs were embedded within semi-structured interviews and recorded lifetime work histories of between 33 and 53 years for 56 participants. Sequence analysis of the calendar data was undertaken in parallel to thematic analysis of interview transcripts. This included in-depth exploration of the factors motivating occupational changes and transitions and their impact in older age. Mixing methods allowed us to collate data over relatively long periods of time and enabled an examination of the complex interplay between work, family and personal circumstances that shapes employment histories. Selected research findings are used to demonstrate how this tool can effectively facilitate the exploration of long working lives.
PCR detection of metallo-beta-lactamase gene (blaIMP) in gram-negative rods resistant to broad-spectrum beta-lactams

We applied PCR to the rapid detection of the metallo-beta-lactamase gene, blaIMP, in clinically isolated gram-negative rods. A total of 54 high-level ceftazidime-resistant strains (MICs, > 128 micrograms/ml) were subjected to PCR analyses with the blaIMP-specific primers, since the blaIMP-bearing clinical isolates tested in our previous study always demonstrated high-level resistance to ceftazidime. Twenty-two blaIMP-positive strains including 9 Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 9 Serratia marcescens, 2 Alcaligenes xylosoxidans, 1 Pseudomonas putida, and 1 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were newly identified from 18 different hospitals in Japan. These strains were mostly isolated from urine samples and showed high-level resistance to almost every cephem, while their levels of resistance to carbapenems were diverse. The PCR analyses with novel integrase gene-specific (intI3) and acc(6')-Ib gene-specific primers suggested that the integron structure found in a large plasmid harbored by S. marcescens AK9373 was also well conserved among blaIMP-positive strains. These results imply that the blaIMP gene cassettes have been dispersing into various gram-negative rods with the help of the newly identified integron element. Thus, the PCR-aided rapid detection will be helpful for the early recognition of emerging blaIMP-positive clinical isolates which demonstrate consistent resistance to beta-lactams.
A comparison study of candidate generation for Chinese word segmentation

Chinese word segmentation can be implemented in a coarse-to-fine schema. In such schema, a candidate set containing multiple segmentations of a sentence (rather than only one segmentation) is used as the output of a coarse-grained CWS model. Then a more sophisticated CWS model or other models of downstream tasks will reconsider all the segmentations in the candidate set to determine the best segmentation. This paper discussed and compared three candidate generation methods, namely boundary level method, word level method and sentence level method, in a unified form. The oracle F1-measures of the candidate sets of these methods were compared. The performances were also compared in a joint CWS and POS-tagging task. The results showed that the word level method has the best performance among these three candidate generation methods. Results also showed that the coarse-to-fine schema outperforms the pipeline schema in which only one segmentation is used for the downstream task and the joint schema in which all possible segmentation is used for the downstream task. Moreover, the speed of the coarse-to-fine schema is closed to the speed of the pipeline schema and much higher than the speed of the joint schema.
First‐time Mothers’ Use of Music and Movement with Their Young Infants: The Impact of a Teaching Program

The study is concerned with how first‐time mothers can be encouraged to use music and movement with their infants. Thirty‐nine first‐time mothers reported their use of music and movement with their infant before and after a 5‐week period during which 17 of the mother‐infant pairs participated in a one‐hour‐a‐week music and movement program. The program involved relaxation methods, kinesics, singing, visual contact and tactile stimulation. Results indicate that the program was successful in extending mothers’ relaxation to music and their use of rhythmical movement with their infants but not their use of song and massage, beyond the levels reported by control group mothers. Mothers in the program reported use of music and movement to stimulate and soothe infants and social benefits of group participation for themselves and their infants.
Omnidirectional-vision-based estimation for containment detection of a robotic mower

In this paper, we present an omnidirectional-vision-based localization and mapping system which can detect whether a robotic mower is contained in a permitted area. We exploit a robot-centric mapping framework that exploits a differential equation of motion of the landmarks, which are referenced with respect to the robot body frame. The estimator in our system generates a 3D point-based map with landmarks. Concurrently, the estimator defines a boundary of the mowing area with the estimated trajectory of the mower. The estimated boundary and the landmark map are provided for the estimation of the mowing location and for the containment detection. We validate the effectiveness of our system through numerical simulations and present the results of the outdoor experiment that we conducted with our robotic mower.
Rethinking Local Politics: Towards a Cultural Political Economy of Entrepreneurial Cities

The territorial dimensions of the state are undergoing substantial changes. Political entities, such as cities and regions, are gaining in importance. Described as entrepreneurial city politics, policy-makers of contemporary cities are using new, economically oriented strategies to strengthen their city's position in interurban competition. Despite this state of affairs, social science still tends to treat local politics as equal to sub-national politics. This has especially been the case in Scandinavia, where local governments have traditionally functioned as an extension of the central welfare state. Since processes associated with entrepreneurial city politics are manifested in Scandinavia as well, this article argues that there is a need to rethink what local politics ultimately is about. The article proposes the ideas recently formed at the ‘Lancaster School of Cultural Political Economy’ as an approach with which to reconceptualise local politics. In the final section, some remarks on a future research agenda, centred on the cultural political economy of contemporary city politics, are presented.