Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A FORMULATION OF NONLINEAR MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROL USING AUTOMATIC DIFFERENTIATION

The computational burden, which obstacles Nonlinear Model Predictive Control techniques to be widely adopted, is mainly associated with the requirement to solve a set of nonlinear differentiation equations and a nonlinear dynamic optimisation problem in real-time online. In this work, an efficient algorithm has been developed to alleviate the computational burden. The new approach uses the automatic differentiation techniques to solve the set of nonlinear differentiation equations, at the same time to produce the differential sensitivity of the solution against input variables. Using the differential sensitivity, the gradient of the cost function against control moves is accurately obtained so that the online nonlinear dynamic optimisation can be efficiently solved. The new algorithm has been applied to an evaporation process with satisfactory results to cope with setpoint changes, unmeasured disturbances and process-model mismatches. Copyright c ©2005 IFAC.
Effects of distillers' dried grains with solubles on behavior of sows kept in a group-housed system with electronic sow feeders or individual stalls

Li, Y. Z. , Phillips, C. E. , Wang, L. H. , Xie, X. L. , Baidoo, S. K. , Shurson, G. C. and Johnston, L. J. 2013. Effects of distillers' dried grains with solubles on behavior of sows kept in a group-housed system with electronic sow feeders or individual stalls. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 93: 57-66. A study was conducted to investigate the effects of diets that contained distillers' dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on stereotypic behaviors of gestating sows housed in stalls and aggression in a group-housed system. Sows were fed corn-soybean-based control (CON) or treatment (DDGS) diets starting from their previous breeding cycle (40% and 20% DDGS as-fed basis during gestation and lactation, respectively). Group-housed sows were mixed in pens with an electronic sow feeder within 1 wk after mating. Behaviors of focal sows (n=27 in stalls, n=40 in pens) were video-recorded for a period of 24 h between 4 and 8 d after mating. Salivary cortisol levels were measured on 32 focal sows (n=16 in stalls, n=16 in pens) during the week before mating (week 0), 1 wk and 12 wk after mating. In pens, DDGS sows fought for longer periods (P=0.05), tended to fight more frequently (P=0.06), and had greater cortisol concentrations (P<0.001) at mixing compared with CON sows. In stalls, DDGS sows spent more time resting (P=0.02), less time performing stereotypies (P=0.05), and had lower cortisol concentrations (P=0.03) in week 12 compared with CON sows. These results indicate that DDGS diets may compromise the welfare of sows in pens, but improve the welfare of sows in stalls.
Biosimilar insulins: guidance for data interpretation by clinicians and users

Biosimilar insulins are approved copies of insulins outside patent protection. Advantages may include greater market competition and potential cost reduction, but clinicians and users lack a clear perspective on ‘biosimilarity’ for insulins. The manufacturing processes for biosimilar insulins are manufacturer‐specific and, although these are reviewed by regulators there are few public data available to allow independent assessment or review of issues such as intrinsic quality or batch‐to‐batch variation. Preclinical measures used to assess biosimilarity, such as tissue and cellular studies of metabolic activity, physico‐chemical stability and animal studies of pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and immunogenicity may be insufficiently sensitive to differences, and are often not formally published. Pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies (glucose clamps) with humans, although core assessments, have problems of precision which are relevant for accurate insulin dosing. Studies that assess clinical efficacy and safety and device compatibility are limited by current outcome measures, such as glycated haemoblobin levels and hypoglycaemia, which are insensitive to differences between insulins. To address these issues, we suggest that all comparative data are put in the public domain, and that systematic clinical studies are performed to address batch‐to‐batch variability, delivery devices, interchangeability in practice and long‐term efficacy and safety. Despite these challenges biosimilar insulins are a welcome addition to diabetes therapy and, with a transparent approach, should provide useful benefit to insulin users.
Differences in anthropometric measures and performance profiles between Cypriot and foreign players participating in first division in Cyprus

Backgroundː Football is undoubtedly one of the most popular sports not only in Cyprus but also worldwide. One of the main issues in the Cypriot league is the selection of a large number of foreigh players. It is unclear whether player selection can be at least partially explained by a difference in lower body strength, Vo2 max and anthropometric characteristics between foreign and Cypriot players. The current study aimed to investigate and compare the aforementioned variables between Cypriots and foreign players. Methodsː Four hundred and twenty five first division players (Cypriots n=252, foreigners n=173) took part in this study. Resultsː It was indicated that Cypriot players were significantly younger and lighter compared to foreign players. Despite the differences in body weight, no significant differences were identified with regards to the percentage of BF between the two groups. The isokinetic testing revealed that Cypriot players generated significantly lower torques (at slow isokinetic speeds) in the hamstring muscles compared to foreign football players. The cardiopulmonary exercise testing revealed that foreign players had significantly greater Vo2max values. Conclusionsː Foreign players were older, which may provide some explanation as to why first division teams select them instead of the Cypriot players. Furthermore, it was indicated that foreign players exhibit greater hamstring torques, which is an essential component for explosiveness, balance and stabilization. Coaches and trainers should aim at improving those parameters of Cypriot players, something that could enable these players to gain more participation time in games, which could in turn increase their chances of securing a position.
WOJCISZKE AND STRUZYNSKA-KUJALOWICZ POWER INFLUENCES SELF–ESTEEM POWER INFLUENCES SELF–ESTEEM

Two studies are reported where high-versus low-power positions were induced through recalling autobiographical events or by serving a supervisory or subordinate role in a task. Both affective states and global self–esteem increased as a result of elevated power while lowered power resulted in decreases in affect and self–esteem. Changes in self–esteem were completely mediated by changes in affective states. The results are discussed as supporting the approach–inhibition theory of power (Keltner, Gruenfeld, & Anderson, 2003).
A Constraint Satisfaction Approach to Dependency Parsing

We present an adaptation of constraint satisfaction inference (Canisius et al., 2006b) for predicting dependency trees. Three different classifiers are trained to predict weighted soft-constraints on parts of the complex output. From these constraints, a standard weighted constraint satisfaction problem can be formed, the solution to which is a valid dependency tree.
Pengaruh teknik audit berbantuan komputer, pelatihan profesional dan etika profesi terhadapap kinerja auditor(studi empiris pada kantor Akuntan Publik di Surabaya )

Adanya perkembangan teknologi di masa sekarang ini, menyebabkan teknologi informasi akan terus menerus berkembang yang kemudian mempengaruhi setiap tahapan proses audit. Auditor diharapkan mampu menerapkan Teknik Audit Berbantuan Komputer sebagai salah satu pengaruh dari perkembangan TI dan untuk meningkatkan kinerjanya.penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh teknik audit berbantuan komputer, pelatihan profesional, dan etika profesi terhadap kinerja auditor pada KAP di kota Surabaya.Data dikumpulkan menggunakan metode survey dengan kuesioner.Data responden yang dapat diolah berjumlah 44 responden.Metode analisis yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis adalah analisis regresi linear berganda. Berdasarkan hasil analisis yang dilakukan dapat diambil kesimpulan bahwa TABK, pelatihan profesional, dan etika profesi berpengaruh positif pada kinerja auditor.Hal ini menunjukan bahwa semakin meningkatnya pemakaian TABK dan auditor yang sering mengikuti pelatihan profesional serta auditor yang patuh pada etika profesi, maka kinerja auditor semakin meningkat. Kata kunci: Kinerja Auditor, Teknik Audit Berbantuan Komputer, Pelatihan Profesional, Etika Profesi
The Status of Freud's Legacy on Emotional Processing: Contemporary Revisions

ABSTRACT This article evaluates, in light of current empirical data, several of the assumptions contributed to our field by Freud about how emotions operate. The idea that expression of emotions dissipates these emotions is evaluated. The idea that bottling up emotion results is ill health is reviewed. The idea that pain of trauma and loss needs to be confronted is examined. Additionally, the assumption that traumatic events invariably result in distress is discussed. It is argued that empirical findings reject the Freudian model of emotion as energy that must be discharged. Empirical findings also support the view that revisiting painful emotion can be helpful when the result is to find a new perspective on painful events. Thus, empirical literature rejects Freudian rationale for confronting prior trauma and loss, while offering new perspectives for how to handle distress resulting from trauma and loss.
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Regulates the Maturation of Layer 4 Fast-Spiking Cells after the Second Postnatal Week in the Developing Barrel Cortex

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has been reported to play a critical role in modulating plasticity in developing sensory cortices. In the visual cortex, maturation of neuronal circuits involving GABAergic neurons has been shown to trigger a critical period. To date, several classes of GABAergic neurons are known, each of which are thought to play distinct functions. Of these, parvalbumin (PV)-containing, fast-spiking (FS) cells are suggested to be involved in the initiation of the critical period. Here, we report that BDNF plays an essential role in the normal development of PV–FS cells during a plastic period in the barrel cortex. We found that characteristic electrophysiological properties of PV–FS cells, such as low spike adaptation ratio, reduced voltage sags in response to hyperpolarization, started to develop around the second postnatal week and attained adult level in several days. We also found that immunoreactivity against PV was also acquired after the similar developmental time course. Then, using BDNF(−/−) mice, we found that these electrophysiological as well as chemical properties were underdeveloped or did not appear at all. We conclude BDNF regulates the development of electrophysiological and immunohistochemical characteristics in PV–FS cells. Because BDNF is suggested to regulate the initiation of plasticity, our results strongly indicate that BDNF is involved in the regulation of the critical period by promoting the functional development of PV–FS GABAergic neurons.
Using Density-Based Incremental Clustering for Anomaly Detection

This paper proposed a new anomaly detection algorithm that can update normal profile of system usage pattern dynamically. The feature used to model systempsilas usage pattern was program behavior. When system usage pattern changed, new program behaviors will be inserted into old profiles by density-based incremental clustering. Compared to traditional re-clustering updating, it is much more efficiently. Experiments with 1998 DARPA BSM audit data, shows that normal profiles generated by our algorithm is less sensitive to noise data objects than profile generated by analogous incremental algorithm ADWICE. So our algorithm shows an incremental detection quality and a much lower false alarm rate.
Biochemical alterations in Horses Infected with Theileria equi

Equine theileriosis, an OIE listed disease caused by Theileria equi is an economically important haemoprotozoan disease of horses in tropical and subtropical parts of the world. The aim of the present study was to monitor the biochemical alterations in order to find out the severity of the disease. Standard assay kits were used to study the biochemical parameters of horses positive for theileriosis in comparison with healthy ones. Out of 75 serum samples, 25 samples were collected from horses positive for theileriosis and 50 from healthy horses. The serum levels of GPT (32.00±2.30 U/L), GOT (350.84±27.87 U/L), GGT (20.95±0.92 U/L), LDH (823.74±102.93 U/L), total protein (8.11±0.37 g/dl), globulin (3.84±0.40 g/dl), BUN (46.26±5.27 mg/dl) and creatinine (1.33±0.18 mg/dl) were found to be significantly increased (p less than 0.01) in infected horses compared to the healthy group. Non- significant elevation (p greater than 0.05) in total bilirubin (1.08±0.14 mg/dl), unconjugated bilirubin (0.57±0.11 mg/dl) and glucose (102.57±30.41 mg/dl) as well as non-significant reduction (p>0.05) in conjugated bilirubin (0.42±0.04 mg/dl), albumin (4.26±0.24 g/ dl) and A/G ratio (1.55±0.30) were also observed in infected group. There was no significant alteration (p>0.05) in the level of serum calcium (12.32±0.36 mg/dl) and phosphorus (4.53±0.33 mg/dl), as compared to the healthy group. Significant elevation of GOT, GPT, GGT, BUN and creatinine revealed the involvement of liver and kidney functions in T. equi infected horses.
The Role of Prior Family Business Background on Entrepreneurial Intentions

Family experiences constitute a strategic force of social influence on the values, attitude, and behaviour of individual over the course of their live and it also serve as a powerful source of finance, human capital development and role model in the career choice of the individual. While studies have shown that family background is one of the numerous determinants of occupational choice of an individual, there is need to assess the role of family business experience in the drive towards entrepreneurship. The aim of this study is to assess the role of Prior family business background on entrepreneurial intention through the mediating effect of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, desirability, feasibility and attitudes towards business start-ups. The study used a survey of 450 University students to gather the data for this study. Structural equation modeling was used to validate the proposed model while multiple regression was used test the hypothesis raised in the study. The results revealed significant effects of prior family business background on entrepreneurial intention, through the mediation variables of entrepreneurial self-efficacy, desirability, feasibility and attitudes towards business start-ups. This study contributes to the body of knowledge in theory building in entrepreneurship and recommendations were made for policy and decision makers in entrepreneurship.
A PAC-Bayesian bound for Lifelong Learning

Transfer learning has received a lot of attention in the machine learning community over the last years, and several effective algorithms have been developed. However, relatively little is known about their theoretical properties, especially in the setting of lifelong learning, where the goal is to transfer information to tasks for which no data have been observed so far. In this work we study lifelong learning from a theoretical perspective. Our main result is a PAC-Bayesian generalization bound that offers a unified view on existing paradigms for transfer learning, such as the transfer of parameters or the transfer of low-dimensional representations. We also use the bound to derive two principled lifelong learning algorithms, and we show that these yield results comparable with existing methods.
Differences in transpiration of Norway spruce drought stressed trees and trees well supplied with water

The paper focuses on the evaluation of transpiration as a physiological process, which is very sensitive to drought stress. Reactions of 25-year-old Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst. ) trees to drought were examined during 2009 summer. Sap flow rate (SF), meteorological and soil characteristics were measured continually. Vapour pressure deficit of the air (VPD) and cumulative transpiration deficit (KTD) was calculated. During the second half of the vegetation period, the decrease in soil water content was observed and irrigation was applied to a group of spruce trees, while the second group was treated under natural soil drought. On the days, when the differences in transpiration between irrigated (IR) and non-irrigated (NIR) trees were significant (21 days), transpiration of NIR trees was only 23% of the transpiration of IR trees. We found significant differences in transpiration when the soil water content (SWC) of NIR variant at a depth of 5–15 cm ranged from 10.4 to 13.7%. Under both regimes of water availability, daily transpiration significantly responded to atmospheric conditions. However, the influence of all assessed meteorological parameters on SF of NIR trees was significantly lower than on IR tree. The dependency of transpiration on evaporative demands of atmosphere decreased with the decreasing soil moisture. Cumulative transpiration deficit of the stand during the entire evaluated period was 50.9 mm. The difference between the transpiration of the mean NIR tree and of the mean IR tree was 278.8 L over the assessed period of 47 days (5.9 L per day). The transpiration of NIR trees was 40.3% from the transpiration of IR trees during this period.
Impact of membership in black greek letter organizations on student learning outcomes

iv DEDICATION . xvii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . vii LIST OF TABLES . xvi LIST OF FIGURES . xvi LIST OF SYMBOLS . xvii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . xviii CHAPTER
Gross Primary Production of a Wheat Canopy Relates Stronger to Far Red Than to Red Solar-Induced Chlorophyll Fluorescence

Sun-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) is a radiation flux emitted by chlorophyll molecules in the red (RSIF) and far red region (FRSIF), and is considered as a potential indicator of the functional state of photosynthesis in remote sensing applications. Recently, ground studies and space observations have demonstrated a strong empirical linear relationship between FRSIF and carbon uptake through photosynthesis (GPP, gross primary production). In this study, we investigated the potential of RSIF and FRSIF to represent the functional status of photosynthesis at canopy level on a wheat crop. RSIF and FRSIF were continuously measured in the O2-B (SIF687) and O2-A bands (SIF760) at a high frequency rate from a nadir view at a height of 21 m, simultaneously with carbon uptake using eddy covariance (EC) techniques. The relative fluorescence yield (Fyield) and the photochemical yield were acquired at leaf level using active fluorescence measurements. SIF was normalized with photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) to derive apparent spectral fluorescence yields (ASFY687, ASFY760). At the diurnal scale, we found limited variations of ASFY687 and ASFY760 during sunny days. We also did not find any link between Fyield and light use efficiency (LUE) derived from EC, which would prevent SIF from indicating LUE changes. The coefficient of determination ( r 2 ) of the linear regression between SIF and GPP is found to be highly variable, depending on the emission wavelength, the time scale of observation, sky conditions, and the phenological stage. Despite its photosystem II (PSII) origin, SIF687 correlates less than SIF760 with GPP in any cases. The strongest SIF–GPP relationship was found for SIF760 during canopy growth. When canopy is in a steady state, SIF687 and SIF760 are almost as effective as PAR in predicting GPP. Our results imply some constraints in the use of simple linear relationships to infer GPP from SIF, as they are expected to be better predictive with far red SIF for canopies with a high dynamic range of green biomass and a low LUE variation range.
Association between muscle strength and the cardiopulmonary status of individuals living with HIV/AIDS

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to compare aerobic function [anaerobic threshold (%V˙O2-AT), respiratory compensation point (%V˙O2-RCP) and peak oxygen uptake (V˙O2peak)] between physically active patients with HIV/AIDS and matched controls and to examine associations between disease status, poor muscle strength, depression (as estimated by the profile of mood states questionnaire) and the aerobic performance of patients. METHODS: Progressive treadmill test data for %V˙O2-AT (V-slope method), RCP and (V˙O2peak) were compared between 39 male patients with HIV/AIDS (age 40.6±1.4 years) and 28 male controls (age 44.4±2.1 years) drawn from the same community and matched for habitual physical activity. Within-patient data were also examined in relation to CD4+ counts (nadir and current data) and peak isokinetic knee torque. RESULTS: AT, RCP and (V˙O2peak) values were generally similar for patients and controls. Within the patient sample, binary classification suggested that AT, RCP and (V˙O2peak) values were not associated with either the nadir or current CD4+ count, but treadmill test variables were positively associated with peak isokinetic knee torque. CONCLUSION: The aerobic performance of physically active patients with HIV/AIDS is generally well conserved. Nevertheless, poor muscle strength is observed in some HIV/AIDS patients, which is associated with lower anaerobic power and (V˙O2peak), suggesting the possibility of enhancing the aerobic performance of patients with weak muscles through appropriate muscle-strengthening activities.
Highly Vascularized Primarily Inflammatory Pseudotumor of the Omentum in an Adult Male: A Case Report

Patient: Male, 38 Final Diagnosis: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor Symptoms: Abdominal pain • anorexia • weight loss Medication: — Clinical Procedure: Operation Specialty: Surgery Objective: Rare disease Background: Inflammatory pseudotumors can affect any organ, whereas primary omental tumors are very rare. A few cases have been reported in the literature, all affecting adult patients. They are usually difficult to diagnose preoperatively and pathology remains the criterion standard for diagnosis. Surgical resection is considered the first-line treatment in limited disease, whereas recurrent or metastatic disease is treated by re-excision. There is no role for chemo- or radio-therapy in limited disease. Here, we present a rare case of omental myofibroblastic tumor in an adult male. Case Report: A 38-year-old healthy man presented to our clinic complaining of lower abdominal pain associated with anorexia and low-grade fever, and he also reported weight loss. His initial hemoglobin was 9.7 g/dl. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed an enhancing solid mass in the lower abdomen, with close proximity to the appendix and the urinary bladder. The patient was treated successfully with laparotomy and excision of the tumor. Histopathology of the mass revealed spindle cells of vague fascicular pattern. Further immunohistochemical staining showed presence of reaction for CD68, CD34, and ALK. No omental infiltration was noted. No adjuvant treatment was applied and the patient was free of disease after 1-year follow-up. Conclusions: Omental pseudotumors are a rare pathology. They are usually slowly- growing, circumscribed tumors with a low malignant potential. They have a predilection for children. The overall mortality is reported to be 5–7% in cases with multiple recurrences.