Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Magnetization Process of h.c.p.-CoIr Nanoparticles With Negative Uniaxial Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy

To increase the superparamagnetic blocking frequency, we propose magnetic nanoparticles with negative uniaxial magnetocrystalline anisotropy, K<sub>u</sub> <sup>grain</sup>. Using this material, both high ferromagnetic resonance frequency, f<sub>r</sub>, and low magnetic potential height, DeltaE, can be satisfied simultaneously. Thus, f<sub>b</sub> can be greatly improved. From the results of DC magnetization process of highly oriented h.c. p. Co<sub>83</sub>Ir<sub>17 </sub> nanogranular with negative K<sub>u</sub> <sup>grain</sup>, it is verified that the nanoparticles with negative K<sub>u</sub> <sup>grain </sup> have superparamagnetic properties only in the c-plane
Identification of New Carbohydrate and Membrane Protein Antigens in Cardiac Xenotransplantation

Background. &agr;1,3-Galactosyltransferase gene knockout (GTKO) pigs reduced the significance of antibody to galactose alpha 1,3-galactose (Gal) antigens but did not eliminate delayed xenograft rejection (DXR). We hypothesize that DXR of GTKO organs results from an antibody response to a limited number of non-Gal endothelial cell (EC) membrane antigens. In this study, we screened a retrovirus expression library to identify EC membrane antigens detected after cardiac xenotransplantation. Methods. Expression libraries were made from GT+:CD46 and GTKO porcine aortic ECs. Viral stocks were used to infect human embryonic kidney cells (HEK) that were selected by flow cytometry for IgG binding from sensitized cardiac heterotopic xenograft recipients. After three to seven rounds of selection, individual clones were assessed for non-Gal IgG binding. The porcine complementary DNA was recovered by polymerase chain reaction amplification, sequenced, and identified by homology comparisons. Results. A total of 199 and 317 clones were analyzed from GT+:CD46 and GTKO porcine aortic EC complementary DNA libraries, respectively. Sequence analysis identified porcine CD9, CD46, CD59, and the EC protein C receptor. We also identified porcine annexin A2 and a glycosyltransferase with homology to the human &bgr;1,4 N-acetylgalactosaminyl transferase 2 gene. Conclusion. The identified proteins include key EC functions and suggest that non-Gal antibody responses may compromise EC functions and thereby contribute to DXR. Recovery of the porcine &bgr;1,4 N-acetylgalactosaminyl transferase 2 suggests that an antibody response to a SDa-like carbohydrate may represent a new carbohydrate moiety involved in xenotransplantation. The identification of these porcine gene products may lead to further donor modification to enhance resistance to DXR and further reduce the level of xenograft antigenicity.
Toward a Tractable Analysis of Localization Fundamentals in Cellular Networks

When dedicated positioning systems, such as GPS, are unavailable, a mobile device has no choice but to fall back on its cellular network for localization. Due to random variations in the channel conditions to its surrounding base stations (BS), the mobile device is likely to face a mix of both favorable and unfavorable geometries for localization. Analytical studies of localization performance (e.g., using the Cramér-Rao lower bound) usually require that one fix the BS geometry, and favorable geometries have always been the preferred choice in the literature. However, not only are the resulting analytical results constrained to the selected geometry, this practice is likely to lead to overly-optimistic expectations of typical localization performance. Ideally, localization performance should be studied across all possible geometric setups, thereby also removing any selection bias. This, however, is known to be hard and has been carried out only in simulation. In this paper, we develop a new tractable approach where we endow the BS locations with a distribution by modeling them as a Poisson point process (PPP), and use tools from stochastic geometry to obtain easy-to-use expressions for key performance metrics. In particular, we focus on the probability of detecting some minimum number of BSs, which is shown to be closely coupled with a network operator's ability to obtain satisfactory localization performance (e.g., meet FCC E911 requirements). This metric is indifferent to the localization technique (e.g., TOA, TDOA, AOA, or hybrids thereof), though different techniques will presumably lead to different BS hearability requirements. In order to mitigate excessive interference due to the presence of dominant interferers in the form of other BSs, we incorporate both BS coordination and frequency reuse in the proposed framework and quantify the resulting performance gains analytically.
The Impact of Patient–Provider Communication and Language Spoken on Adequacy of Depression Treatment for U.S. Women

Many women with depression are untreated or undertreated for their condition. The quality of patient–provider communication may impact the receipt of depression treatment. We examine the relationship between patient–provider communication and receipt of adequate treatment for depression among women. The study sample consisted of women with depression who visited a provider in the previous 12 months in the 2002–2008 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (N = 3,179). Multivariate regression was used to examine the independent contribution of sociodemographic characteristics, health care factors, patient–provider communication, and respondent language on depression treatment status (none, some, adequate). We found that more than one-third of women with depression in the United States did not receive adequate treatment. Women reporting that providers usually or always listened carefully were more likely to receive adequate treatment (OR = 1.59; 95% CI = 1.10−2.30 and OR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.07−2.23, respectively). Non-English-speaking women were 50% less likely to receive adequate treatment (OR = 0.49; 95% CI = 0.30−0.80). Having a usual source of care was associated with an increased likelihood of receiving some and adequate treatment (OR = 1.84; 95% CI = 1.24−2.73 and OR = 2.22; 95% CI = 1.61−3.05, respectively). Effective provider listening behaviors may help increase the number of U.S. women with depression who receive adequate treatment. Efforts to improve language access for limited English-proficient women are likely critical for improving treatment outcomes in this population. Additionally, ensuring that women with depression have consistent access to health care services is important for obtaining adequate depression care.
Influence of polypropylene fibre on the mechanical performance and durability of concrete materials

Concrete is the most commonly used structural material in the world. This paper evaluated the influence of polypropylene fibre on the performance of concrete materials. The performance of concrete materials was determined by testing the compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strengths, as well as the freeze-thaw resistance, impermeability, and restrained shrinkage cracking. These results indicate that the use of polypropylene fibres can significantly improve the flexural and splitting tensile strengths of concrete materials. The freeze-thaw resistance and impermeability were improved due to the addition of polypropylene fibre. When the volume of the added polypropylene fibres was increased, the concrete was able to resist more freeze-thaw cycles. Polypropylene fibres can also reduce cracking, and improve the cracking resistance of concrete materials.
A Semi-supervised Ensemble Learning Approach for Character Labeling with Minimal Human Effort

One of the major issues in handwritten character recognition is the efficient creation of ground truth to train and test the different recognizers. The manual labeling of the data by a human expert is a tedious and costly procedure. In this paper we propose an efficient and low-cost semi-automatic labeling system for character datasets. First, the data is represented in different abstraction levels, which is clustered after in an unsupervised manner. The different clusters are labeled by the human experts and finally an unanimity voting is considered to decide if a label is accepted or not. The experimental results prove that labeling only less than 0.5% of the training data is sufficient to achieve 86.21% recognition rate for a brand new script (Lampung) and 94.81% for the MNIST benchmark dataset, considering only a K-nearest neighbor classifier for recognition.
Efficacy and safety of canagliflozin when used in conjunction with incretin‐mimetic therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes

To assess the efficacy and safety of canagliflozin, a sodium glucose co‐transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, in patients with type 2 diabetes enrolled in the CANagliflozin cardioVascular Assessment Study (CANVAS) who were on an incretin mimetic [dipeptidyl peptidase‐4 (DPP‐4) inhibitor or glucagon‐like peptide‐1 (GLP‐1) receptor agonist].
Molecular Evidence of Bartonella Species in Ixodid Ticks and Domestic Animals in Palestine

Ticks play an important role in disease transmission as vectors for human and animal pathogens, including the Gram-negative pathogen Bartonella. Here, we evaluated the presence of Bartonella in ixodid ticks and domestic animals from Palestine. We tested 633 partly engorged ticks and 139 blood samples from domestic animals (dogs, sheep and camels) for Bartonella using ITS-PCR. Bartonella DNA was detected in 3.9% of the tested ticks. None of the ticks collected from sheep and goats were positive for Bartonella. Seventeen R. sanguineus ticks (17/391; 4.3%) collected from dogs were infected with B. rochalimae (n = 10), B. chomelii (n = 6), and B. koehlerae (n = 1). Four H. dromedarri ticks (4/63; 6.3%) obtained from camels were infected with B. bovis (n = 2) and B. rochalimae (n = 2). Among canine blood samples (n = 110), we found one asymptomatic female dog to be infected with B. rochalimae (0.9%). The detection of zoonotic Bartonella species in this study should raise awareness of these vector-borne diseases among physicians, veterinarians and public health workers and highlight the importance of surveillance and preventive measures in the region.
CLAIRE: combining sets, search and rules to better express algorithms

This paper presents a programming language which includes paradigms that are usually associated with declarative languages, such as sets, rules and search, into an imperative (functional) language. Although these paradigms are separately well known and are available under various programming environments, the originality of the CLAIRE language comes from the tight integration, which yields interesting run-time performances, and from the richness of this combination, which yields new ways in which to express complex algorithmic patterns with few elegant lines. To achieve the opposite goals of a high abstraction level (conciseness and readability) and run-time performance (CLAIRE is used as a C++ preprocessor), we have developed two kinds of compiler: first, a pattern pre-processor handles iterations over both concrete and abstract sets (data types and program fragments), in a completely user-extensible manner; secondly, an inference compiler transforms a set of logical rules into a set of functions (demons that are used through procedural attachment).
Civil Conflict in Northern Ireland and the Prevalence of Psychiatric Disturbance Across the United Kingdom: a Population Study Using the British Household Panel Survey and the Northern Ireland Household Panel Survey

Background: To date, no large-scale cross-comparative study of psychiatric morbidity in the United Kingdom has been carried out until recently when the Northern Ireland Household Panel Survey (NIHPS) included the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) in 2001. The GHQ-12 has been included in the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) since 1991 for England and since 1999 for both Scotland and Wales. The purpose of this article is to compare rates of psychiatric morbidity across the United Kingdom, given that one region in particular, Northern Ireland, has experienced political conflict and civil strife for more than 35 years. Aims: To assess the impact of low-intensity warfare on rates of psychiatric morbidity in Northern Ireland and to compare these with psychiatric morbidity rates across England, Scotland and Wales. Method: The sample consisted of 17,343 respondents completing the GHQ-12 across the United Kingdom. In England, 8286 respondents completed the GHQ-12 while 2729, 3165 and 3163 respondents from Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland completed the GHQ-12 respectively. Results were then weighted according to population size. Results: Rates of psychiatric morbidity varied across each UK region. Wales had the highest mean GHQ-12 score (11.54), followed by Northern Ireland (11.41). English respondents had the lowest mean score (11.02). The difference in mean scores across the four regions in the UK was statistically significant (F = 5.04, df = 3, p < 0.001). Post-hoc analyses indicated that the mean scores for England differed significantly from those for Wales and Northern Ireland but not for Scotland. Region accounted for less than 1% of the variation in GHQ-12 scores. Conclusions: Psychiatric morbidity rates for adults in Northern Ireland are comparable to other parts of the United Kingdom and we propose that individuals in Northern Ireland use a range of coping strategies to moderate the impact of the conflict in everyday life. These include habituation to the violence, denial and social cohesion, evidenced in the tightly knit Unionist and Nationalist communities. Particular concern was noted over GHQ-12 scores for Wales and while social and economic factors are acknowledged in our commentary, we conclude that further research appears to be crucial in understanding and preventing poorer rates of mental health in this region.
Evaluating the Criticisms of Fair Trade

This article critically examines some of the most common arguments used to support the view that Fair Trade should be rejected by consumers and businesses seeking to socialise their economic decisions. Overall the paper finds that the majority of such criticisms lack evidential rigor and sophisticated theory and instead rely on a high degree of rhetorical aptitude. While this does not naturally lead to the position that Fair Trade is necessarily beneficial, the conclusion reflects on a substantial amount of positive evidence to suggest that Fair Trade should not be abandoned by consumers or businesses.
In vitro synthesis and assembly of picornaviral capsid intermediate structures

Cell-free translation of encephalomyocarditis RNA in extracts of rabbit reticulocytes results in the synthesis of viral proteins indistinguishable from those produced during virus infection of cells. The viral capsid proteins are produced in an active form capable of assembly into viral capsid intermediate structures. Protomers (5S), pentamers (14S), and shell-like structures (75 to 85S) can be detected after prolonged incubation in the extracts. Proteolytic cleavage of capsid precursor proteins appears to be a prerequisite for assembly, in apparent contrast to cell-associated assembly. Assembly of pentamers is also preceded by conversion of protein epsilon 1 to epsilon in a step which may reflect an amino-terminal blocking reaction.
Parallel Open Ear Decomposition with Applications to Graph Biconnectivity and Triconnectivity

This report deals with a parallel algorithmic technique that has proved to be very useful in the design of e cient parallel algorithms for several problems on undirected graphs. We describe this method for searching undirected graphs, called \open ear decomposition", and we relate this decomposition to graph biconnectivity. We present an e cient parallel algorithm for nding this decomposition and we relate it to a sequential algorithm based on depthrst search. We then apply open ear decomposition to obtain an e cient parallel algorithm for testing graph triconnectivity and for nding the triconnnected components of a graph. This material will appear as a chapter in the book, Synthesis of Parallel Algorithms, edited by John Reif, which is to be published by Morgan-Kaufmann.
An fMRI study of the perception of contrastive prosodic focus in French

This fMRI study deals with the perception of prosodic contrastive focus in French. Twenty-two right-handed French participants listened to two kinds of utterances: with contrastive prosodic focus (Focus) and without (Neutral). The task was to judge whether the utterances contained focus. The Focus vs. Neutral contrast revealed bilateral activation of the inferior frontal, superior and middle temporal, premotor cortex and supramarginal gyri, as well as of the superior parietal lobule and anterior insula. Among these regions, the inferior frontal and supramarginal gyri, as well as the anterior insula, were significantly more activated to the left. These results suggest that the auditory perception of contrastive prosodic focus involves a large cerebral network which is partially predominant to the left.
Voyager: Exploratory Analysis via Faceted Browsing of Visualization Recommendations

General visualization tools typically require manual specification of views: analysts must select data variables and then choose which transformations and visual encodings to apply. These decisions often involve both domain and visualization design expertise, and may impose a tedious specification process that impedes exploration. In this paper, we seek to complement manual chart construction with interactive navigation of a gallery of automatically-generated visualizations. We contribute Voyager, a mixed-initiative system that supports faceted browsing of recommended charts chosen according to statistical and perceptual measures. We describe Voyager's architecture, motivating design principles, and methods for generating and interacting with visualization recommendations. In a study comparing Voyager to a manual visualization specification tool, we find that Voyager facilitates exploration of previously unseen data and leads to increased data variable coverage. We then distill design implications for visualization tools, in particular the need to balance rapid exploration and targeted question-answering.
Interference Alignment: A One-Sided Approach

Interference Alignment (IA) is the process of designing signals in such a way that they cast overlapping shadows at their unintended receivers, while remaining distinguishable at the intended ones. Our goal in this paper is to come up with an algorithm for IA that runs at the transmitters only (and is transparent to the receivers), that doesn't require channel reciprocity, and thus alleviates the need to alternate between the forward and reverse network as is the case with the Distributed IA algorithm presented in [2], thereby saving significant overhead in certain environments where the channel changes frequently. Most importantly, our effort is focused on ensuring that this one-sided approach does not degrade the performance of the system w.r. t. Distributed IA. As a first step, we mathematically express the interference in each receiver's desired signal as a function of the transmitters' beamforming vectors. We then propose a simple steepest descent (SD) algorithm and use it to minimize the interference in each receiver's desired signal space. We mathematically establish equivalences between our approach and the Distributed IA algorithm and show that our algorithm also converges to an alignment solution (when the solution is feasible).
In Vitro Activity of St. John's Wort Against Cytochrome P450 Isozymes and P-Glycoprotein

The inhibitory activity of 18 commercial St. John's wort products (Hypericum perforatum L. Hypericaceae) against human cytochrome P450 enzymes was assessed because recent studies have found that this herb can markedly affect disposition of concurrently used conventional drugs. For the most part, these studies have employed ethanolic extracts. However, many of the two dozen reported constituents or groups of compounds having pharmacological effects in Hypericum extracts have widely differing solubility characteristics and hence the interpretation of the results is problematic. Sequential extracts from hexane through to water demonstrated a strong effect of several lipophilic fractions on the cytochrome P450 3A4 mediated-metabolism of 7-benzyloxyresorufin (7-BR), suggesting that many different classes of compounds are active. In this study we sought to investigate 18 single-entity and blended products containing St. John's wort, including 7 caplets/tablets, 6 capsules, 4 teas and 1 tincture, for biomarker content and affect on cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism. Our results show that there is a wide variation in hyperforin, hypericin and pseudohypericin levels and that most standardized products did not meet specification. Furthermore, all aqueous extracts from the products tested exhibited a marked capacity to inhibit cytochrome P450-mediated metabolism. Four of the five extracts tested also inhibited P-glycoprotein activity. These findings support the notion that a wide range of therapeutic products used in conjunction with St. John's wort could lead to adverse side effects.
Diagnosing acute heart failure in patients with undifferentiated dyspnea: a lung and cardiac ultrasound (LuCUS) protocol.

OBJECTIVES The primary goal of this study was to determine accuracy for diagnosing acutely decompensated heart failure (ADHF) in the undifferentiated dyspneic emergency department (ED) patient using a lung and cardiac ultrasound (LuCUS) protocol. Secondary objectives were to determine if US findings acutely change management and if findings are more accurate than clinical gestalt. METHODS This was a prospective, observational study of adult patients presenting to the ED with undifferentiated dyspnea. The intervention consisted of a 12-view LuCUS protocol performed by experienced emergency physician sonographers. The primary objective was measured by comparing US findings to the final diagnosis independently determined by two physicians blinded to the LuCUS result. Acute treatment changes based on US findings were tracked in real time through a standardized data collection form. RESULTS Data on 99 patients were analyzed; ADHF was the final diagnosis in 36%. The LuCUS protocol had sensitivity of 83% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 67% to 93%), specificity of 83% (95% CI = 70% to 91%), positive likelihood ratio of 4.8 (95% CI = 2.7 to 8.3), and negative likelihood ratio of 0.20 (95% CI = 0.09 to 0.42). Forty-seven percent of patients had changes in acute management, and 42% had changes in acute treatment. Observed agreement for the LuCUS protocol was 93% between coinvestigators. Overall, accuracy improved by 20% (83% vs. 63%, 95% CI = 8% to 31% for the difference) over clinical gestalt alone. CONCLUSIONS The LuCUS protocol may accurately identify ADHF and may improve acute clinical management in dyspneic ED patients. This protocol has improved diagnostic accuracy over clinical gestalt alone.
Affinity and Epitope Profiling of Mouse Anti‐CD40 Monoclonal Antibodies

The CD40–CD40L interaction plays a critical role in both humoral and cellular immune responses and interfering antibodies have been suggested as an effective approach for the treatment of lymphomas and autoimmune diseases. In this study we have profiled a panel of mouse antihuman CD40 monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs), regarding their CD40 binding affinity and epitope‐specificity relative to the CD40L binding in relation to their cellular activating potential. Despite a rather similar domain‐recognition profile, the MoAbs blocked the CD40L binding to a varying degree, with MoAb 5C3 being the poorest inhibitor. There was no correlation between affinity and cellular activation potential. In contrast, a correlation between the ability to block CD40L‐binding and activation potential could be seen. We believe that this analysis of several mouse anti‐CD40 antibodies can be used to develop strategies for producing new human anti‐CD40 antibodies that can more effectively induce or block B‐cell proliferation.