Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strategies of Social Reproduction: Medical Students from Germany in Central and Eastern Europe from a Centre–Periphery Perspective

Higher education degrees from European Union countries are automatically recognised in other Member States. However, legal recognition does not necessarily translate into symbolic recognition in the profession. This dynamic can be observed in the field of medicine in Germany, where German graduates often face symbolic devaluation when they graduate in certain other countries and return to work in Germany. At the same time, the group of foreign medical students is socially exclusive, and admission to a medical programme in Germany is difficult and unsuccessful for many applicants. Based on the theory of symbolic power and capital and a centre–periphery perspective, this paper reconstructs the means and ways by which privileged students from the centre, Germany, seek social reproduction by studying medicine abroad in the semi-periphery, Hungary, Latvia and Romania. The results show that moving to the semi-periphery is only chosen when other alternatives in the centre are not feasible. Certain symbolic disadvantages of studying abroad were identified, and countermeasures were developed to ensure symbolic legitimacy upon return. The results also show that the semi-periphery is not homogeneous in its symbolic ambivalence from a centre–periphery perspective.
EFL Learner's Experience of Zoom Platform use in Online Research Consultation During COVID-19

This qualitative study aims to explore EFL learners’ experience of Zoom platform use in online research consultation during COVID-19. Data were gathered from five students' reflection who used Zoom platform as a media for online research consultation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Framed by usability concept, findings of the study reveal that in terms of learnability, Zoom platform facilitates the senior students in their online consultation process. Meanwhile, in terms of satisfaction, findings reveal that students were satisfied with the use of Zoom due to feature support in the platform.
Spontaneous dissociation of Co2(CO)8 and autocatalytic growth of Co on SiO2: A combined experimental and theoretical investigation

We present experimental results and theoretical simulations of the adsorption behavior of the metal–organic precursor Co2(CO)8 on SiO2 surfaces after application of two different pretreatment steps, namely by air plasma cleaning or a focused electron beam pre-irradiation. We observe a spontaneous dissociation of the precursor molecules as well as autodeposition of cobalt on the pretreated SiO2 surfaces. We also find that the differences in metal content and relative stability of these deposits depend on the pretreatment conditions of the substrate. Transport measurements of these deposits are also presented. We are led to assume that the degree of passivation of the SiO2 surface by hydroxyl groups is an important controlling factor in the dissociation process. Our calculations of various slab settings, using dispersion-corrected density functional theory, support this assumption. We observe physisorption of the precursor molecule on a fully hydroxylated SiO2 surface (untreated surface) and chemisorption on a partially hydroxylated SiO2 surface (pretreated surface) with a spontaneous dissociation of the precursor molecule. In view of these calculations, we discuss the origin of this dissociation and the subsequent autocatalysis.
MRP-based negotiation in customer-supplier relationship

In the present uncertain context, increasing the performance of the supply chains requires to define cooperative processes between partners aiming at providing a better answer to the final customer, with a risk shared between partners. Based on an analysis of real practices, we suggest in this communication to take the MRP process as a basis for defining what could be such a cooperative process.
Gastroprotective activity of atractylenolide III from Atractylodes ovata on ethanol‐induced gastric ulcer in vitro and in vivo

Objectives The rhizome of Atractylodes ovata De Candolle is popularly used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat gastrointestinal diseases. However, the major gastroprotective compounds of A. ovata have not been identified. This study reports on the principal gastro‐ protective component of A. ovata.
Jurnal Sylva Lestari

The mangrove ecosystem faces significant challenges, as its quality and quantity are threatened with decline. This study aimed to analyze the mangrove density and macrobenthos diversity in the Ampekale Ecotourism Village, Indonesia. This research utilizes remote sensing image analysis through the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) method. Complementary ground-check surveys were conducted to ascertain the density and diversity of mangrove and macrobenthos species. The overall mangrove density in the Ampekale area was relatively high, with some areas displaying moderate density. The sequence of mangrove species, from most common to least common, includes Rhizophora mucronata, Avicennia marina, Avicennia alba, Rhizophora apiculata, Sonneratia alba, Bruguiera gymnorhiza, and Acanthus ilicifolius . The most prevalent macrobenthos belong to the Crustacea class, such as Uca sp. , Sesarma , Metaplax sp. , and Scylla serrata . Moreover, the most diverse macrobenthos belong to the Gastropods class. The distribution of this biodiversity depends on their location (coastal or inland), tidal fluctuations, and river estuaries. Mangrove ecosystems situated in estuaries with high densities exhibited elevated macrobenthos abundance. This correlation suggests that areas characterized by dense mangroves also harbor stable ecosystem conditions with abundant macrobenthos. In contrast, ecosystems featuring lower biodiversity demonstrated reduced stability. These findings contribute valuable insights into the conservation and sustainability of mangrove ecosystems.
Abbreviated text input using language modeling

We address the problem of improving the efficiency of natural language text input under degraded conditions (for instance, on mobile computing devices or by disabled users), by taking advantage of the informational redundancy in natural language. Previous approaches to this problem have been based on the idea of prediction of the text, but these require the user to take overt action to verify or select the system's predictions. We propose taking advantage of the duality between prediction and compression. We allow the user to enter text in compressed form, in particular, using a simple stipulated abbreviation method that reduces characters by 26.4%, yet is simple enough that it can be learned easily and generated relatively fluently. We decode the abbreviated text using a statistical generative model of abbreviation, with a residual word error rate of 3.3%. The chief component of this model is an n-gram language model. Because the system's operation is completely independent from the user's, the overhead from cognitive task switching and attending to the system's actions online is eliminated, opening up the possibility that the compression-based method can achieve text input efficiency improvements where the prediction-based methods have not. We report the results of a user study evaluating this method.
Preventive Effect of Intrathecal Paracetamol on Spinal Cord Injury in Rats

Background: Ischemic injury of the spinal cord during the surgical repair of thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms might lead to paraplegia. Although a number of different mechanisms have been proposed, the exact cause of paraplegia has remained unknown, hampering the development of effective pharmacologic or other strategies for prevention of this condition. A number of studies suggested that cyclooxygenases (COX) contribute to neural breakdown; thus, COX inhibitors might reduce injury. Objectives: We aimed to assess the preventive effect of intrathecal (IT) pretreatment with paracetamol on spinal cord injury in a rat model. Materials and Methods: This experimental study was performed in Ataturk University Animal Research Laboratory Center, Erzurum, Turkey. Adult male Wistar rats were randomly allocated to three experimental groups (n = 6) to receive IT physiologic saline (controls), 50 µg of paracetamol, or 100 µg paracetamol one hour before induction of spinal cord ischemia. Six other rats were considered as the sham group. For the assessment of ischemic injury, motor functions of the hind limbs and histopathologic changes of the lumbar spinal cord were evaluated. Additional 20 rats were divided into two equal groups for the second part of the study where the survival rates were recorded in controls and in animals receiving 100 µg of paracetamol during the 28-day observation period. Results: Pretreatment with 100 µg of paracetamol resulted in a significant improvement in motor functions and histopathologic findings (P < 0.05). Despite a higher rate of survival in 100 µg of paracetamol group (70%) at day 28, the difference was not statistically significant in comparison with controls. Conclusions: Our results suggest a protective effect of pretreatment with IT paracetamol on ischemic spinal cord injury during thoracolumbar aortic aneurysm surgery.
Taxonomy and Geochemistry of the Globigerinoides ruber-elongatus Plexus, with Paleontological Implications

The planktonic foraminifera, Globigerinoides ruber and Globigerinoides elongatus, are often treated as morphotypes of the same species for both modern and paleoceanographic studies. However, G. ruber and G. elongatus represent two distinct phylogenetic lineages and can exhibit dissimilar values of stable isotopes and minor chemical elements. Inconsistent criteria for identifying the members of the G. ruber-elongatus plexus can thus limit the comparability of species counts and chemical analyses used to determine past sea surface conditions. Various criteria have been used to differentiate G. ruber and G. elongatus morphologies, but the efficacy of those criteria has not been tested quantitatively. Morphometric analyses of G. ruber and G. elongatus from the Caribbean, identified based upon the most common criteria used to differentiate them in existing literature (final chamber compression and asymmetry, and aperture compression) reveal that members of the G. ruber-elongatus plexus can
Fractionally spaced self-interference canceler for full-duplex communication systems

Requiring a single frequency band for transmission, full-duplex (FD) systems can ideally double the spectral efficiency. However, in addition to the information signal, radiated from user's own transmit antenna generates a strong self-interference (SI). To eliminate effects of SI, active and passive cancellation techniques are used in the literature. However, omitted in these studies is the fact that the time dispersion in the SI channel may cause an error floor. In this paper, it is verified that the SI channel is time dispersive via measurements. Later, we present an analysis in order to determine the error performance. Following these results, a fractionally spaced SI canceler is proposed to eliminate the error floor. We verify our analytical results via simulations, showing that the proposed SI canceler can critically enhance the performance of FD systems.
Glycemic index of some local staples in Ghana

Abstract Glycemic index (GI), a measure of blood glucose level as influenced by foods has become a concern due to the increasing cases of diabetes in Ghana. In spite of this, little is known of the GI of commonly consumed carbohydrate‐rich foods of the Ghanaian diet. The GI of five Ghanaian staples: fufu (locally pounded), kenkey (Ga), banku, Tuo Zaafi (TZ), and fufu (Processed powder) were determined in a crossover trial among 10 healthy nondiabetics. Participants were given 50 g portions of pure glucose on two different occasions and subsequently the test foods containing 50 g available carbohydrates. Capillary blood glucose levels of the subjects at fasting and after ingestion of the glucose and test foods were measured within a 2‐hour period. The GI of the test foods were calculated by dividing the incremental area under the glucose response curve (IAUC) of the test food by the IAUC for the reference food and multiplying the result by 100. Processed‐powdered fufu had the least glycemic response (31), followed by Ga kenkey (41) and locally pounded fufu (55), all recording low GI. Tuo Zaafi (68) had a medium GI and banku (73), moderately high GI. Comparison of GI between the foods using ANOVA revealed a significant difference between GIs of locally pounded fufu versus I‐fufu (industrially processed fufu flour) (p = 0.026). This study showed that the five major Ghanaian staples showed low to moderately high GI. These should be considered in recommendations for diabetics.
HER-2 Gene Amplification in Paget Disease of the Nipple and Extramammary Site: A Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization Study

Patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2) overexpressing breast carcinomas have a more aggressive clinical behavior and their tumors are often hormone receptor negative. However, the recently introduced anti-HER-2 antibody trastuzumab has been proven to improve the survival and controls the disease in a significant proportion of these patients. Therefore, the analysis of HER-2 in patients with breast cancer has become an important and routine test to select those who may benefit from the gene-based targeted therapy trastuzumab (herceptin). There is good correlation between HER-2/neu protein overexpression and HER-2 gene amplification in breast cancer. However, inconsistent results have been reported in the rate of HER-2/neu protein overexpression in other malignant neoplasms. Furthermore, only rare studies have investigated the correlation between the HER-2/neu protein overexpression and the status of HER-2 gene in these tumors. We investigated the HER-2 gene and protein status in several cases of Paget disease of the nipple and vulva by using a chromogenic in situ hybridization assay and immunohistochemistry. We find that the majority of the Paget disease of the breast demonstrate HER-2 gene amplification, whereas most of the extramammary Paget disease lack HER-2 gene amplification. In addition, our results show a good correlation between HER-2/neu protein overexpression and HER-2 gene amplification in Paget disease of the nipple, but we were unable to confirm this correlation in HER-2/neu protein overexpressing Paget disease of the vulva.
Wavelet packet denoising of magnetic resonance images: Importance of Rician noise at low SNR

Wavelet packet analysis is a mathematical transformation that can be used to post‐process images, for example, to remove image noise (“denoising”). At a very low signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR <5), standard magnitude magnetic resonance images have skewed Rician noise statistics that degrade denoising performance. Since the quadrature images have approximately Gaussian noise, it was postulated that denoising would produce better contrast and sharper edges if performed before magnitude image formation. Signal‐to‐noise ratio (SNR), contrast‐to‐noise ratio (CNR), and edge blurring effects of these two approaches were examined in synthetic, phantom, and human MR images. While magnitude and complex denoising both significantly improved SNR and CNR, complex denoising yielded sharper edges and better low‐intensity feature contrast. Magn Reson Med 1999;41:631–635, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The RXR-Type Endoplasmic Reticulum-Retention/Retrieval Signal of GABAB1 Requires Distant Spacing from the Membrane to Function

Functional γ-aminobutyric acid type B (GABAB) receptors are normally only observed upon coexpression of GABAB1 with GABAB2 subunits. A C-terminal arginine-based endoplasmic reticulum (ER) retention/retrieval signal, RSRR, prevents escape of unassembled GABAB1 subunits from the ER and restricts surface expression to correctly assembled heteromeric receptors. The RSRR signal in GABAB1 is proposed to be shielded by C-terminal coiled-coil interaction of the GABAB1 with the GABAB2 subunit. Here, we investigated whether the RSRR motif in GABAB1 remains functional when grafted to ectopic sites. We found that the RSRR signal in GABAB1 is inactive in any of the three intracellular loops but remains functional when moved within the distal zone of the C-terminal tail. C-terminal deletions that position the RSRR signal closer to the plasma membrane drastically reduce its effectiveness, supporting that proximity to the membrane restricts access to the RSRR motif. Functional ectopic RSRR signals in GABAB1 are efficiently inactivated by the GABAB2 subunit in the absence of coiled-coil dimerization, supporting that coiled-coil interaction is not critical for release of the receptor complex from the ER. The data are consistent with a model in which removal of RSRR from its active zone rather than its direct shielding by coiled-coil dimerization triggers forward trafficking. Because arginine-based intracellular retention signals of the type RXR, where X represents any amino acid, are used to regulate assembly and surface transport of several multimeric complexes, such a mechanism may apply to other proteins as well.
Vitamin K Dosing to Reverse Warfarin Based on INR, Route of Administration, and Home Warfarin Dose in the Acute/Critical Care Setting

Background: Vitamin K is commonly used for reversal of anticoagulation of warfarin. However, the optimal dose and route of vitamin K that does not increase the duration of bridging therapy is unknown. Objective: To determine factors influencing the extent and rate of INR reversal with vitamin K in the acute/critical care setting. Methods: This was a chart review of 400 patients who received vitamin K for reversal of warfarin effects between February 2008 and November 2010. Data collected included international normalized ratios (INRs) 12 hours, 24 hours, and 48 hours prior to vitamin K administration; intravenous or oral vitamin K dose; and whether or not fresh frozen plasma (FFP) was administered. Results: Intravenous vitamin K reduced INR more rapidly than oral vitamin K (5.09, 1.91, 1.54, and 1.41 vs 5.67, 2.90, 2.14, and 1.58) at baseline, 12, 24, and 48 hours, respectively. The dose of vitamin K (p < 0.001), route of administration (p < 0.001), and baseline INR (p < 0.001) influenced subsequent INR values. The INR reduction was similar for intravenous vitamin K doses 2 mg or greater. Home warfarin dose did not affect INR responses to intravenous (p = 0.27) or oral vitamin K (p = 0.98). FFP did not influence INR values at 48 hours. Although longer anticoagulation bridge therapy seemed to be associated with higher vitamin K doses, the incidence (p = 0.63) and duration (p = 0.61) were not significant. Conclusions: Vitamin K dose, route, and initial INR influence subsequent INR values. INR reduction is similar for intravenous vitamin K doses of 2 mg or greater. Preadministration of FFP does not alter INR values at 48 hours or more after vitamin K administration.
Asset Insulators

We construct a new data set tracking the daily value of life insurers’ assets at the security level. Outside of the 2008–2009 crisis, a ${\$}$ 1 drop in the market value of assets reduces an insurer’s market equity by ${\$}$ 0.10. During the ? nancial crisis, this pass-through rises to ${\$}$ 1. We explain this pattern by viewing insurance companies as asset insulators, institutions with stable, long-term liabilities that can ride out transitory dislocations in market prices. Illustrating the macroeconomic importance of insulation, insurers’ market equity declined by ${\$}$50 billion less than the duration-adjusted value of their securities during the crisis.
Source compression with a quantum helper

We study classical source coding with quantum side-information where the quantum side-information is observed by a helper and sent to the decoder via a classical channel. We derive a single-letter characterization of the achievable rate region for this problem. The direct part of our result is proved via the measurement compression theory by Winter. Our result reveals that a helper's scheme that separately conducts a measurement and a compression is suboptimal, and the measurement compression is fundamentally needed to achieve the optimal rate region.
Curcumin inhibits endometriosis endometrial cells by reducing estradiol production

Background: Endometriosis is a complex estrogen-dependent disease that is deﬁned as the presence of endometrial gland and stroma outside the uterine cavity. Although the exact mechanism for the development of endometriosis remains unclear, there is a large body of research data and circumstantial evidence that suggests a crucial role of estrogen in the establishment and maintenance of this disease. Objective: This study is an attempt to assess the effect of curcumin on inhibiting endometriosis endometrial cells and to investigate whether such an effect is mediated by reducing estradiol production. Materials and Methods: Endometriotic stromal cells, normal endometrial stromal cells, endometriotic epithelial cells and normal endometrial epithelial cells were isolated and cultured. E2 value of cells and the effect of curcumin on cell proliferation were evaluated. Finally, effect of curcumin on E2 assay was detected. Results: Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay results showed that E2 value of endometriotic epithelial cells was higher than the endometriotic stromal cells (p=0.037), while the expression of E2 in normal endometrial stromal and epithelial cells was extremely low. WST-8 result showed, compared with endometrial stromal cells, ectopic endometriotic stromal cells had a higher growth rate. After intervene with curcumin (10μmol/L, 30μmol/L and 50μmol/L) for 0-96h, the number of endometriotic stromal cells was reduced and cells growth slowed, compared with 0μmol/L group. Compared with 0μmol/L group, E2 level was lower after treatment with curcumin, especially in 30μmol/L and 50μmol/L group. Conclusion: In summary, in this study we found that E2 is important in ectopic endometrium, and epithelial cell is in dominant position with E2 secretion. Curcumin was able to suppress the proliferation of endometrial cells by reducing the E2 value.
Physiotherapy of focal dystonia: a physiotherapist’s personal experience

The approach of the physiotherapist to each form of dystonia is individual and has to be specific. There is not one single method but several strategies related to the different clinical forms. Although there is no standard programme applicable to all forms of cervical dystonia, we can distinguish a number of guidelines for the different clinical forms. In the myoclonic form, emphasis is placed on seeking to immobilize the head, and for the tonic form, on rehabilitating corrector muscles. Physiotherapy and botulinum toxin injections mutually interact in order to reduce the symptoms. Recent studies have shown the clinical benefits of physiotherapy. The physiotherapy of writer’s cramp is designed as a re‐learning process. The first step is to perform exercises to improve independence and precision of fingers and wrist movements. Then, the muscles involved in the correction of dystonic postures are trained by drawing loops, curves and arabesques. The aim of rehabilitation is not to enable patients with writer’s cramp to write as they used to, but to help their dysgraphia evolve towards a fast, fluid and effortless handwriting. A reshaping of the sensory cortical hand representation appears to be associated with clinical improvement in patients with dystonia after rehabilitation.