Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Partnerships and work‐based learning: an evaluation of an opportunity to pioneer new ways to care for the older people in the community

The following British case study illustrates how a group of Primary Health Care Trusts expanded partnerships with a university to support the development of 12 new advanced primary nurses (APNs). The cohort of APNs were undertaking new roles and were part of the national pilot of the Department of Health adapted Evercare programme for the ‘at risk’ older people. Unique to the support was the rapid response of a local university to support and accredit 8 of the nurses’ development of diverse needs via a masters work‐based learning module. Self‐assessment, reflection, action learning sets and time to practice new skills in a workshop and in practice settings were important aspects of the module. The evaluation of the work‐based learning module was triangulated to include both individual and group responses. Evidencing work‐based learning was a new but positive experience. The evidence suggests that the expanding partnerships and synergy between practice and academia is evolving, but needs organizational support. The new ways of working, including multidisciplinary mentorship, have developed both acute and community nurses to undertake health needs assessments of identified caseloads, and in partnership with doctors and pharmacists, to diagnose, review and prescribe drugs in an attempt to reduce re‐hospitalization. Evolving themes from the evaluation and the learning from the partnerships have influenced further developments in both practice and academia.
Integrating Temporal Biases

We provide an integrative account of temporal biases (confidence changes, planning fallacy, impact bias, and hindsight bias). Students listed either 3 or 12 thoughts about success or failure before an upcoming real-life exam or immediately after learning their grades. Previous explanations had focused on how thought content alone (what comes to mind) influences temporal biases. We found, however, an interaction between thought content and accessibility experiences (how easily or difficultly thoughts come to mind). Thinking about 3 ways to succeed (success was easy to bring to mind) was equivalent to thinking about 12 ways to fail (failure was difficult to bring to mind), and conversely, thinking about 3 ways to fail was equivalent to thinking about 12 ways to succeed. In no case was thought content alone sufficient to predict the biases. These results have implications for debiasing strategies and other judgments over time.
Role of RgpA, RgpB, and Kgp Proteinases in Virulence of Porphyromonas gingivalis W50 in a Murine Lesion Model

ABSTRACT Extracellular Arg-x- and Lys-x-specific cysteine proteinases are considered important virulence factors and pathogenic markers forPorphyromonas gingivalis, a bacterium implicated as a major etiological agent of chronic periodontitis. Three genes.rgpA, rgpB, and kgp,encode an Arg-x-specific proteinase and adhesins (RgpA), an Arg-x-specific proteinase (RgpB), and a Lys-x-specific proteinase and adhesins (Kgp), respectively. The contribution to pathogenicity of each of the proteinase genes of P. gingivalis W50 was investigated in a murine lesion model using isogenic mutants lacking RgpA, RgpB, and Kgp. Whole-cell Arg-x-specific proteolytic activity of both the RgpA− and RgpB− isogenic mutants was significantly reduced (3- to 4-fold) relative to that of the wild-type W50. However, for the Kgp− isogenic mutant, whole-cell Arg-x activity was similar to that of the wild-type strain. Whole-cell Lys-x proteolytic activity of the RgpA− and RgpB− mutants was not significantly different from that of wild-type W50, whereas the Kgp− mutant was devoid of Lys-x whole-cell proteolytic activity. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot analysis using proteinase-specific antibodies of cell sonicates of the wild-type and mutant strains showed that the proteinase catalytic domain of each of the mutants was not expressed. This analysis further showed that RgpB appeared as 72- and 80-kDa bands, and the catalytic domains of RgpA and Kgp appeared as processed 45-kDa and 48-kDa bands, respectively. In the murine lesion model, mice were challenged with three doses of each mutant and wild-type strain. At the lower dose (3.0 × 109 viable-cells), no lesions were recorded for each of the mutants, whereas wild-type W50 induced large ulcerative lesions. At a dose of 6.0 × 109 viable-cells, all the mice challenged with the wild-type strain died, whereas mice challenged with the RgpA− and RgpB− isogenic mutants did not die but developed lesions. Mice challenged with the Kgp−isogenic mutant at this dose did not develop lesions. At a 1.2 × 1010 viable-cell dose, only 40% of mice challenged with the Kgp− mutant developed lesions, and these lesions were significantly smaller than lesions induced by the wild-type strain at the 3.0 × 109 viable-cell dose. All the mice challenged with the RgpA− mutant died at the 1.2 × 1010 viable-cell dose, whereas only 20% died when challenged with the RgpB− mutant at this dose. Wild-type phenotype was restored to the RgpB− mutant by complementation with plasmid pNJR12::rgpBcontaining the rgpB gene. There was no difference between the pNJR12::rgpB-complemented RgpB− mutant and the wild-type W50 strain in whole-cell Arg-x activity, protein profile, or virulence in the murine lesion model. These results show that the three proteinases, RgpA, RgpB, and Kgp, all contributed to virulence of P. gingivalis W50 in the murine lesion model and that the order in which they contributed was Kgp ≫ RgpB ≥ RgpA.
Employment and self-employment in the wake of Hurricane Katrina

We use data from the monthly Current Population Survey to examine the short- and longer-term effects of Hurricane Katrina on the labor market outcomes of prime-age individuals in the most affected states—Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, and Mississippi— and for evacuees in any state. We focus on rates of labor force participation, employment, and unemployment, and we extend prior research by also examining rates of self-employment. With the exception of Mississippi, employment and unemployment one year after the hurricane were at similar rates as the end of 2003. This aggregate pattern of labor market shock and recovery has been observed for other disasters but masks important differences among subgroups. Those evacuated from their residences, even temporarily, were a harder-hit group, and evacuees who had yet to return to their pre-Katrina state up to one year later were hit especially hard; these findings hold even after controlling for differences in observable characteristics. We also find evidence of an important role for self-employment as part of post-disaster labor market recovery, especially for evacuees who did not return. This may result from poor job prospects in the wage and salary sector or new opportunities for starting businesses in the wake of Katrina.
Population Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Model for Neutropenia with Patient Subgroup Identification: Comparison across Anticancer Drugs

Purpose: Cancer chemotherapy, although based on body surface area, often causes unpredictable myelosuppression, especially severe neutropenia. The aim of this study was to evaluate qualitatively and quantitatively the influence of patient-specific characteristics on the neutrophil concentration-time course, to identify patient subgroups, and to compare covariates on system-related pharmacodynamic variable between drugs. Experimental Design: Drug and neutrophil concentration, demographic, and clinical chemistry data of several trials with docetaxel (637 patients), paclitaxel (45 patients), etoposide (71 patients), or topotecan (191 patients) were included in the covariate analysis of a physiology-based pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic neutropenia model. Comparisons of covariate relations across drugs were made. Results: A population model incorporating four to five relevant patient factors for each drug to explain variability in the degree and duration of neutropenia has been developed. Sex, previous anticancer therapy, performance status, height, binding partners, or liver enzymes influenced system-related variables and α1-acid glycoprotein, albumin, bilirubin, concomitant cytotoxic agents, or administration route changed drug-specific variables. Overall, female and pretreated patients had a lower baseline neutrophil concentration. Across-drug comparison revealed that several covariates (e.g., age) had minor (clinically irrelevant) influences but consistently shifted the pharmacodynamic variable in the same direction. Conclusions: These mechanistic models, including patient characteristics that influence drug-specific parameters, form the rationale basis for more tailored dosing of individual patients or subgroups to minimize the risk of infection and thus might contribute to a more successful therapy. In addition, nonsignificant or clinically irrelevant relations on system-related parameters suggest that these covariates could be negligible in clinical trails and daily use.
Maximal intended velocity training induces greater gains in bench press performance than deliberately slower half-velocity training

Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare the effect on strength gains of two isoinertial resistance training (RT) programmes that only differed in actual concentric velocity: maximal (MaxV) vs. half-maximal (HalfV) velocity. Twenty participants were assigned to a MaxV (n = 9) or HalfV (n = 11) group and trained 3 times per week during 6 weeks using the bench press (BP). Repetition velocity was controlled using a linear velocity transducer. A complementary study (n = 10) aimed to analyse whether the acute metabolic (blood lactate and ammonia) and mechanical response (velocity loss) was different between the MaxV and HalfV protocols used. Both groups improved strength performance from pre- to post-training, but MaxV resulted in significantly greater gains than HalfV in all variables analysed: one-repetition maximum (1RM) strength (18.2 vs. 9.7%), velocity developed against all (20.8 vs. 10.0%), light (11.5 vs. 4.5%) and heavy (36.2 vs. 17.3%) loads common to pre- and post-tests. Light and heavy loads were identified with those moved faster or slower than 0.80 m·s−1 (∼60% 1RM in BP). Lactate tended to be significantly higher for MaxV vs. HalfV, with no differences observed for ammonia which was within resting values. Both groups obtained the greatest improvements at the training velocities (≤0.80 m·s−1). Movement velocity can be considered a fundamental component of RT intensity, since, for a given %1RM, the velocity at which loads are lifted largely determines the resulting training effect. BP strength gains can be maximised when repetitions are performed at maximal intended velocity.
The effect of language structure on linguistic strengths and weaknesses in children with cochlear implants: Evidence from Italian

Previous studies have found that the early fitting of cochlear implants in children has beneficial effects on their expressive and receptive language. However, different ages are identified in different studies, and some studies present contradictory results. Starting from these observations, our study suggests that at least two additional factors play an important role in determining linguistic outcomes. The first is the area of language under investigation: lexicon, phonology, morphosyntax, semantics, and pragmatics. The second factor is the typological features of the child's target language. Our study, which involved 33 Italian-speaking children who received a cochlear implant and 33 age and gender matched controls, reveals that lexical, semantic, pragmatic, and phonological knowledge are not particularly vulnerable in these children. By contrast, one area of morphosyntax (production of clitic pronouns) is especially challenging. In addition, an effect of age of implantation was found only in this morphosyntactic area. This is the first study on language development in Italian-speaking children with cochlear implants.
The fabrication of subwavelength anti-reflective nanostructures using a bio-template

This paper describes a paradigm, a simple, low-cost and conventional approach to the fabrication of large-area subwavelength anti-reflective nanostructures on films directly with a bio-template. Specifically, the nano-nipple arrays on the surface of cicada wings have been precisely replicated to a PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) film with high reproducibility by a technique of replica molding, which mainly involves two processes: one is that a negative Au mold is prepared directly from the bio-template of the cicada wing by thermal deposition; the other is that the Au mold is used to obtain the replica of the nanostructures on the original cicada wing by casting polymer. The reflectance spectra measurement shows that the replicated PMMA film can considerably reduce reflectivity at its surface over a large wavelength range from 250 to 800 nm, indicating that the anti-reflective property has also been inherited by the PMMA film.
Information Gain Feature Selection for Ordinal Text Classification using Probability Re-distribution

An arrangement for positively supplying elastomer fibers in a textile machine, comprises a device supplying a non-elastic filament fiber, a drive for driving the non-elastic filament fiber supplying device, a yarn spool for an elastomeric filament, a freely rotatable holder for the yarn spool, a drive roller arranged so that the yarn spool abuts against the drive roller over a predetermined abutment length, the drive roller being connected with the drive means and having a length which is greater than the predetermined abutment length, the drive roller having an axis extending in a predetermined plane, and a support which supports the spool holder and is longitudinally displaceable along a line such that the line or its projection extends in the plane of the axis of the drive roller and at an acute angle relative to the axis of the drive roller.
Measuring emotion continuously: Validity and reliability of the two-dimensional emotion-space

Abstract The validity and reliability of the two-dimensional emotion-space (2DES) was examined in three experiments. This computer-controlled instrument measures direct, self-reported emotion expressed by stimuli along two bipolar dimensions: happy/sad valence (VA) and aroused/sleepy (AR). In Experiment 1, responses to 24 words and five pictures of faces were collected from 28 participants. The intuitive nature of the 2DES was supported; the instrument had an average resolution of 21 for VA and 25 for AR on a 201-point scale, and demonstrated high test-retest reliability (r> 0.83, p = 0.01 for all). Construct validity was supported by significant correlation coefficient between hypothesised responses (generated from Russell's circumplex of emotion and Whissell's dictionary of affect) and actual responses (r > 0.84). In Experiment 2, 67 participants responded continuously to four complete musical movements. Good agreement was obtained between averaged continuous, overall, and checklist response, supporting.
To Conform or to Perform? Mimetic Behaviour, Legitimacy-Based Groups and Performance Consequences

The study of interorganizational imitation has been an important strand in the recent literature on institutional theory. This paper offers new insights for our understanding of mimetic isomorphism and its reliance on legitimacy: we suggest that legitimacy-based reference groups guide firms in their mimetic behaviour, that firms undertake imitation even against their own ex ante information, and that legitimacy-based imitation contributes negatively to firms' profitability. We examine Portuguese bank branching decisions between 1988 and 1996 and find that banks imitate their legitimacy-based groups, and not only towards ex ante (firm-specific) attractive locations, but also towards unattractive locations; we also find that mimetic branching produces a negative effect on profitability. We conclude that these results show the importance of legitimacy pressures on organization decisions and the tension between the pressure to conform and the pressure to perform.
Limitations on Separating Nondeterministic Complexity Classes

If the time bounds defining two nondeterministic complexity classes are too close for separation by the two known techniques, then they are almost too close for separation by any relativizable technique. Proof of an analogous result for space would be a major breakthrough, implying $\operatorname{NSPACE}(\log n) = \operatorname{DSPACE}(\log n)$.
The influence of occupational socialisation upon a teacher's interpretation and delivery of Teaching Games for Understanding to pupils experiencing social and emotional behavioural difficulties

This study examined how one physical education (PE) teacher in a specialist school for pupils with social and emotional behavioural difficulties (SEBD) taught Year 9 pupils utilising the Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) model. The research identified factors that led to such instruction, and considered the influence of occupational socialisation on the pedagogical approaches of the teacher. Data collection methods were semi-structured interviews and non-participant lesson observations. The resultant data were inductively analysed. Observations revealed that the lessons emphasised problem-solving and limited technical practice. Interviews detailed how the factors influencing this practice were other PE teachers and the nature of the pupils. This research makes two recommendations: first, SEBD schools wishing to utilise TGfU should examine the prior pedagogical experiences of potential employees; second, student teachers wishing to use TGfU in institutions for pupils with SEBD should consider gaining experience of SEBD education prior to higher education in order to put subsequent pedagogical experiences into relevant focus.
Disease course in patients with autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa due to the USH2A gene.

PURPOSE To estimate the mean rates of ocular function loss in patients with autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa due to USH2A mutations. METHODS In 125 patients with USH2A mutations, longitudinal regression was used to estimate mean rates of change in Snellen visual acuity, Goldmann visual field area (V4e white test light), and 30-Hz (cone) full-field electroretinogram amplitude. These rates were compared with those of previously studied cohorts with dominant retinitis pigmentosa due to RHO mutations and with X-linked retinitis pigmentosa due to RPGR mutations. Rates of change in patients with the Cys759Phe mutation, the USH2A mutation associated with nonsyndromic disease, were compared with rates of change in patients with the Glu767fs mutation, the most common USH2A mutation associated with Usher syndrome type II (i.e., retinitis pigmentosa and hearing loss). RESULTS Mean annual exponential rates of decline for the USH2A patients were 2.6% for visual acuity, 7.0% for visual field area, and 13.2% for electroretinogram amplitude. The rate of acuity loss fell between the corresponding rates for the RHO and RPGR patients, whereas the rates for field and ERG amplitude loss were faster than those for the RHO and RPGR patients. No significant differences were found for patients with the Cys759Phe mutation versus patients with the Glu767fs mutation. CONCLUSIONS On average, USH2A patients lose visual acuity faster than RHO patients and slower than RPGR patients. USH2A patients lose visual field and cone electroretinogram amplitude faster than patients with RHO or RPGR mutations. Patients with a nonsyndromic USH2A mutation have the same retinal disease course as patients with syndromic USH2A disease.
Massive Dark Matter Halos and Evolution of Early-Type Galaxies to z ≈ 1

The combination of gravitational lensing and stellar dynamics breaks the mass-anisotropy degeneracy and provides stringent constraints on the distribution of luminous and dark matter in early-type (E/S0) galaxies out to z ≈ 1. We present new observations and models of three lens systems (CFRS 03.1077, HST 14176+5226, HST 15433+5352) and the combined results from the five field E/S0 lens galaxies at z ≈ 0.5-1.0 analyzed as part of the Lenses Structure and Dynamics (LSD) Survey. Our main results are as follows: (1) Constant mass-to-light ratio models are ruled out at greater than 99% CL for all five E/S0 galaxies, consistent with the presence of massive and extended dark matter halos. The range of projected dark matter mass fractions inside the Einstein radius is fDM = 0.37-0.72, or 0.15-0.65 inside the effective radius Re for isotropic models. (2) The average effective power-law slope of the total (luminous plus dark; ρtot ∝ r) mass distribution is ⟨γ′⟩ = 1.75 ± 0.10 (1.57 ± 0.16) for Osipkov-Merritt models with anisotropy radius ri = ∞ (Re) with an rms scatter of 0.2 (0.35), i.e., marginally flatter than isothermal (γ′ = 2). The ratio between the observed central stellar velocity dispersion and that from the best-fit singular isothermal ellipsoid (SIE) lens model is ⟨fSIE⟩ = ⟨σ/σSIE⟩ = 0.87 ± 0.04 with 0.08 rms, consistent with flatter-than-isothermal density profiles. Considering that γ′ > 2 and fSIE > 1 have been reported for other systems (i.e., B1608+656 and PG 1115+080), we conclude that there is a significant intrinsic scatter in the slope of the mass-density profile of lens galaxies (rms ~ 15%), similar to what is found for local E/S0 galaxies. Hence, the isothermal approximation is not sufficiently accurate for applications that depend critically on the slope of the mass-density profile, such as the measurement of the Hubble constant from time delays. (3) The average inner power-law slope γ of the dark matter halo is constrained to be ⟨γ⟩ = 1.3 (68% CL), if the stellar velocity ellipsoid is isotropic (ri = ∞), or an upper limit of γ < 0.6, if the galaxies are radially anisotropic (ri = Re). The observed range of slopes of the inner dark matter distribution is consistent with the results from numerical simulations only for an isotropic velocity ellipsoid and if baryonic collapse and star formation do not steepen dark matter density profiles. (4) The average stellar mass-to-light ratio evolves as d log(M*/LB)/dz = -0.72 ± 0.10, obtained via a fundamental plane analysis. An independent analysis based on lensing and dynamics gives an average ⟨d log(M*/LB)/dz⟩ = -0.75 ± 0.17. Both values indicate that the mass-to-light ratio evolution for our sample of field E/S0 galaxies is slightly faster than those in clusters, consistent with the hypothesis that field E/S0 galaxies experience secondary bursts (~10% in mass) of star formation at z < 1. These findings are consistent with pure luminosity evolution of E/S0 galaxies in the past 8 Gyr and would be hard to reconcile with scenarios involving significant structural and dynamical evolution.
The social representations of students on the assessment of universities’ quality: the influence of market- and managerialism-driven discourse

Although students are considered major actors in the quality assessment of universities, the way they perceive this process and the meanings they ascribe to it are still neglected as a research subject. This article aims to reduce this gap by focusing on the social representations of students on quality assessment. Specifically, it tries to understand how these social representations reproduce elements of two common discourses thought to exist on higher education, universities and the assessment of their quality: one more traditional, the other more driven by managerialism and market assumptions. Based on the findings of a study taking the Portuguese case as a reference, it is possible to conclude that students’ social representations seem to be shaped by and replicate many of the features characterising the latter discourse. Because these social representations certainly influence the relation of students with quality assessment, it would be appropriate to take them into account when (re)defining quality assessment systems.