Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of Clathrin Assembly Lymphoid Myeloid Leukemia Protein Depletion on Clathrin Coat Formation

The endocytic accessory clathrin assembly lymphoid myeloid leukemia protein (CALM) is the ubiquitously expressed homolog of the neuron‐specific protein AP180 that has been implicated in the retrieval of synaptic vesicle. Here, we show that CALM associates with the α‐appendage domain of the AP2 adaptor via the three peptide motifs 420DPF, 375DIF and 489FESVF and to a lesser extent with the amino‐terminal domain of the clathrin heavy chain. Reducing clathrin levels by RNA interference did not significantly affect CALM localization, but depletion of AP2 weakens its association with the plasma membrane. In cells, where CALM levels were reduced by RNA interference, AP2 and clathrin remained organized in somewhat enlarged bright fluorescent puncta. Electron microscopy showed that the depletion of CALM drastically affected the clathrin lattice structure. Round‐coated buds, which are the predominant features in control cells, were replaced by irregularly shaped buds and long clathrin‐coated tubules. Moreover, we noted an increase in the number of very small cages that formed on flat lattices. Furthermore, we noticed a redistribution of endosomal markers and AP1 in cells that were CALM depleted. Taken together, our findings indicate a critical role for CALM in the regulation and orderly progression of coated bud formation at the plasma membrane.
Combinatorial auctions for supply chain formation

Supply chain formation presents difficult coordination issues for distributed negotiation protocols. Agents must simultaneously negotiate production relationships at multiple levels, with important interdependencies among inputs and outputs at each level. Combinatorial auctions address this problem by global optimization over expressed offers to engage in compound exchanges. A one-shot combinatorial auction that optimizes the reported value of the bids results in optimal allocations with truthful bids. But autonomous self-interested agents have an incentive to bid strategically in an attempt to gain extra surplus. We investigate a particular combinatorial protocol consisting of a one-shot auction and a strategic bidding policy. We experimentally analyze the efficiency and producer surplus obtained in five networks, and compare this performance to that of a distributed, progressive auction protocol with non-strategic bidding. We find that producers can sometimes gain significantly by bidding strategically. However, when the available surplus is small relative to the consumers’ values, the producers’ strategic behavior may prevent the supply chain from forming at all, resulting in zero gains for all agents. We examine the robustness of the combinatorial protocol by investigating agent incentives to deviate, identifying quasi-equilibrium behavior for an example network.
Worry Is Good for Breast Cancer Screening: A Study of Female Relatives from the Ontario Site of the Breast Cancer Family Registry

Background. Few prospective studies have examined associations between breast cancer worry and screening behaviours in women with elevated breast cancer risks based on family history. Methods. This study included 901 high familial risk women, aged 23–71 years, from the Ontario site of the Breast Cancer Family Registry. Self-reported breast screening behaviours at year-one followup were compared between women at low (N = 305), medium (N = 433), and high (N = 163) levels of baseline breast cancer worry using logistic regression. Nonlinear relationships were assessed using likelihood ratio tests. Results. A significant non-linear inverted “U” relationship was observed between breast cancer worry and mammography screening (P = 0.034) for all women, where women at either low or high worry levels were less likely than those at medium to have a screening mammogram. A similar significant non-linear inverted “U” relationship was also found among all women and women at low familial risk for worry and screening clinical breast examinations (CBEs). Conclusions. Medium levels of cancer worries predicted higher rates of screening mammography and CBE among high-risk women.
Decentralized Multiuser Diversity with Cooperative Relaying in Wireless Sensor Networks

Multiuser diversity is a phenomenon caused by channel variations among different users in a wireless network. Cooperative relaying provides another form of diversity due to the spatial separation of sensors. In this work we show how the simultaneous application of these two sources of diversity in a decentralized manner can lead to significant throughput improvement in sensor networks. To exploit this synergy we propose a family of protocols termed Channel Aware Aloha with Cooperation (CAAC). Different power allocation schemes for CAAC are considered, including constant power, fixed rate, and optimal variable rate. In each case we derive the scaling behavior of the achievable rate. We find the optimal source and relay transmission strategies under each scheme and show that the overall system performance is significantly improved. Furthermore, we show that the constant power scheme is asymptotically optimal, allowing easy implementation in simple sensors.
The Key to the Cellar Door. The Role of the Family in Adolescents' Alcohol Use

The current study explored which alcohol-specific socialization practices are related to adolescents’ alcohol use, and whether parents differ in their alcohol-specific socialization towards their children. In a sample of 428 families, both parents and two adolescents (aged 13-16 years) completed a questionnaire at home about alcohol-specific parenting and their own alcohol use. Based on the reports of each family member, three different models concerning alcohol-specific socialization were formulated: from the perspective of the adolescent siblings, the mothers, and the fathers. Although parents strongly differentiated their socialization practices between children, no differences in associations between alcohol-specific socialization and drinking were found between older and younger adolescents. Results of structural equation modeling generally showed the same associations between alcohol-specific socialization and alcohol use of younger and older adolescents. The strongest association was found for providing alcohol-specific rules. Setting strict rules about alcohol use was negatively related to adolescents’ alcohol use; this was also the case for having confidence in the effectiveness of alcohol-specific socialization. Unexpectedly, frequency of communication about alcohol issues was positively associated with alcohol consumption of both adolescents. Finally, neglecting and negative reactions towards adolescents’ drunkenness were not significantly related to older and younger adolescents’ drinking. Nevertheless, this study is one of the first to examine associations between alcohol-specific socialization and adolescents’ drinking using a between and a within family design. Results indicate that parents should be strict about their adolescent children’s alcohol use to lower youth drinking.
Age-related differences in multi-modal audience design: Young, but not old speakers, adapt speech and gestures to their addressee's knowledge

Speakers can adapt their speech and co-speech gestures for addressees. Here, we investigate whether this ability is modulated by age. Younger and older adults participated in a comic narration task in which one participant (the speaker) narrated six short comic stories to another participant (the addressee). One half of each story was known to both participants, the other half only to the speaker. Younger but not older speakers used more words and gestures when narrating novel story content as opposed to known content. We discuss cognitive and pragmatic explanations of these findings and relate them to theories of gesture production.
Yönetici ve Öğretmenlerin Yönetsel Etkililik ve Örgütsel Bağlılık Algıları Arasındaki İlişki

Bu arastirmanin amaci, ilkokul ve ortaokullarda gorev yapan yonetici ve ogretmenlerin yonetsel etkililik ve orgutsel baglilik algilari arasindaki iliskiyi betimlemek, ayrica yonetsel etkililik ve orgutsel baglilik algilarinin, bazi degiskenlere gore anlamli sekilde farklilik gosterip gostermedigini tespit etmektir. Arastirma, 7 ilkokul ve 7 ortaokul olmak uzere 14 okulda gorev yapan toplam 277 kisiden olusan bir calisma grubu uzerinde gerceklestirilmistir. Arastirma verileri olceklerle toplanmistir. Arastirma verileri yonetici ve ogretmenlerden ozgun formu Murry (1993) tarafindan gelistirilen, Ira ve Şahin (2010) tarafindan Turkceye uyarlanan “Yonetsel Etkililik Olcegi” ve Balay (2000) tarafindan gelistirilen “Orgutsel Baglilik Olcegi” ile toplanmistir. Arastirmada veriler; SPSS 16.0 paket programinda frekans, yuzde, aritmetik ortalama, standart sapma, regresyon ve korelasyon gibi betimsel istatistiksel islemlerle analiz edilmistir. Arastirma sonunda yonetici ve ogretmenlerin yonetsel etkililikleri ile genel orgutsel baglilik algilari yeterli duzeyde bulunmustur. Sonuclara gore, ayrica yonetici ve ogretmenlerin yonetsel etkililikleri, orgutsel bagliliklarini pozitif yonde, yuksek duzeyde ve anlamli sekilde yordamaktadir
The value of prospective monitoring of Epstein–Barr virus DNA in blood samples of pediatric liver transplant recipients

Abstract: Post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disease (PTLD) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in transplantation patients. A primary Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection is a major risk factor for developing PTLD. The aim of this study was to determine circulating EBV DNA after liver transplantation in pediatric patients in relation to primary EBV infection and development of PTLD. EBV serology was performed before transplantation. Every 4 weeks after transplantation a competitive quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay for EBV nuclear antigen‐1 was performed in 13 patients. Patients were followed for development of a PTLD. Before transplantation four patients were EBV seropositive and nine patients were EBV seronegative. In one of the four patients who were EBV seropositive before transplantation, EBV DNA became detectable after transplantation, with a peak load of 3600 copies/mL. None of these four patients developed a PTLD. Eight of the nine patients who were EBV seronegative before transplantation developed positive EBV DNA samples. EBV DNA was first detected at a mean of 64 days after transplantation (range 38–89). The mean peak EBV DNA load was 79,700 copies/mL (3600–446,000). Two of these patients developed PTLD, but they could not be identified based on prior or concomitant EBV PCR results.
Farm women : diverse encounters with discourse and agency

This thesis contributes to the established literature on farm women within the context of family farming. It recognises that not enough is yet known about the discourses and agency which influence their lives. Consequently, this study has sought to establish what dominant discourses shape the lives of farm women, their responses to these discourses and how their discursive positioning influences their agency. This study employed a qualitative case study approach involving interviews with a diverse mixture of independent farm women, along with women farming in marital relationships. This thesis engages these narratives to showcase the colourful, complex life-experiences of farm women. In addition, and where present, women's partners were interviewed to provide male farmers' perspectives about women in family farming. This research has found that women's lives are shaped by positioning and contextualising discourses, with which they comply to ensure that the family farm survives. Their subservient discursive positioning limits the agency they can express, although they are able to mobilise indirect agency through supporting their partner; an implicit form of agency which has previously been unrecognised or understated. Cumulatively, this thesis highlights the need to recognise the diversity of farm women, and how they are able to exercise agency from their constrained subject positions within the family farming context. Furthermore it emphasises that agency is a dynamic, and far more varied concept than previously understood.
Retardation of Plant Growth by a New Group of Chemicals

Sprays of N-dimethylaminomaleamic acid were found to retard the growth of a variety of plants, including legumes, vine crops, potatoes, and ornamentals. It was readily translocated, had a long residual action, was relatively nonphytotoxic, and did not appear to affect adversely root, vegetative, or reproductive development.
A Gaussian Beam Method for High Frequency Solution of Symmetric Hyperbolic Systems with Polarized Waves

Symmetric hyperbolic systems include many physically relevant systems of PDEs such as Maxwell's equations, the elastic wave equations, and the acoustic equations [L. Ryzhik, G. Papanicolaou, and J. Keller, Wave Motion, 24 (1996), pp. 327--370]. In the current paper we extend the Gaussian beam method to efficiently compute the high frequency solutions to such systems with polarized waves, in which the dispersion matrix of the hyperbolic system has eigenvalues with constant multiplicity greater than one over the domain of computation. The new results in this paper include new Gaussian beam equations in the presence of multiple eigenvalues, error estimates for Gaussian beam summation in the symmetric hyperbolic system case, and a new multidirectional Eulerian summation formula which maintains accuracy after the formation of caustics.
Metagenomic Assembly: Overview, Challenges and Applications

Advances in sequencing technologies have led to the increased use of high throughput sequencing in characterizing the microbial communities associated with our bodies and our environment. Critical to the analysis of the resulting data are sequence assembly algorithms able to reconstruct genes and organisms from complex mixtures. Metagenomic assembly involves new computational challenges due to the specific characteristics of the metagenomic data. In this survey, we focus on major algorithmic approaches for genome and metagenome assembly, and discuss the new challenges and opportunities afforded by this new field. We also review several applications of metagenome assembly in addressing interesting biological problems.
European Conference on Information Systems ( ECIS ) 10-6-2011 MEASURING REGRET : EMOTIONAL ASPECTS OF AUCTION DESIGN

Recent research strengthens the conjecture that human decision-making stems from a complex interaction of rational judgment and emotional processes. A prominent example of the impact of emotions in economic decision-making is the effect of regret-related information feedback on bidding behaviour in first-price sealed-bid auctions. Revealing the information “missed opportunity to win” upon losing an auction, results in higher bids. Revealing the information “money left on the table” upon winning an auction, results in lower bids. The common explanation for this pattern is winner and loser regret. However, this explanation is still hypothetical and little is known about the actual emotional processes that underlie this phenomenon. This paper investigates actual emotional processes in auctions with varying feedback information. Thereby, we provide an approach that combines an auction experiment with psychophysiological measures which indicate emotional involvement. Our economic results are in line with those of previous studies. Moreover, we can show that loser regret results in a stronger emotional response than winner regret. Remarkably, loser regret is strong for high values of “missed opportunity. ” However, the pattern for different amounts of “money left on the table” is diametric to what winner regret theory suggests.
Inductive Policy Selection for First-Order MDPs

We select policies for large Markov Decision Processes (MDPs) with compact first-order representations. We find policies that generalize well as the number of objects in the domain grows, potentially without bound. Existing dynamic-programming approaches based on flat, propositional, or first-order representations either are impractical here or do not naturally scale as the number of objects grows without bound. We implement and evaluate an alternative approach that induces first-order policies using training data constructed by solving small problem instances using PGraphplan (Blurn & Langford, 1999). Our policies are represented as ensembles of decision lists, using a taxonomic concept language. This approach extends the work of Martin and Geffner (2000) to stochastic domains, ensemble learning, and a wider variety of problems. Empirically, we find "good" policies for several stochastic first-order MDPs that are beyond the scope of previous approaches. We also discuss the application of this work to the relational reinforcement-learning problem.
The Limits of Learning with Missing Data

We study regression and classification in a setting where the learning algorithm is allowed to access only a limited number of attributes per example, known as the limited attribute observation model. In this well-studied model, we provide the first lower bounds giving a limit on the precision attainable by any algorithm for several variants of regression, notably linear regression with the absolute loss and the squared loss, as well as for classification with the hinge loss. We complement these lower bounds with a general purpose algorithm that gives an upper bound on the achievable precision limit in the setting of learning with missing data.
Grammatical aspect and temporal distance in motion descriptions

Grammatical aspect is known to shape event understanding. However, little is known about how it interacts with other important temporal information, such as recent and distant past. The current work uses computer-mouse tracking (Spivey et al., 2005) to explore the interaction of aspect and temporal context. Participants in our experiment listened to past motion event descriptions that varied according to aspect (simple past, past progressive) and temporal distance (recent past, distant past) while viewing scenes with paths and implied destinations. Participants used a computer mouse to place characters into the scene to match event descriptions. Our results indicated that aspect and temporal context interact in interesting ways. When aspect placed emphasis on the ongoing details of the event and the temporal context was recent (thus, making fine details available in memory), this match between conditions elicited smoother and faster computer mouse movements than when conditions mismatched. Likewise, when aspect placed emphasis on the less-detailed end state of the event and temporal context was in the distant past (thus making fine details less available), this match between conditions also elicited smoother and faster computer mouse movements.
Family environment and the malleability of cognitive ability: A Swedish national home-reared and adopted-away cosibling control study

Significance Individual differences in cognitive ability result from a complex admixture of genetic and environmental influences. Adopted children are one way to estimate the degree of malleability of cognitive ability in response to environmental change in the context of a scientific design that can control for genetic differences among individuals. Sibling pairs in which one member is adopted away and the other reared by biological parents are a particularly powerful research design. In a large population-based sample of separated siblings from Sweden, we demonstrate that adoption into improved socioeconomic circumstances is associated with a significant advantage in IQ at age 18. We replicate the finding in a parallel sample of half-siblings. Cognitive ability strongly aggregates in families, and prior twin and adoption studies have suggested that this is the result of both genetic and environmental factors. In this study, we used a powerful design—home-reared and adopted-away cosibling controls—to investigate the role of the rearing environment in cognitive ability. We identified, from a complete national Swedish sample of male–male siblings, 436 full-sibships in which at least one member was reared by one or more biological parents and the other by adoptive parents. IQ was measured at age 18–20 as part of the Swedish military service conscription examination. Parental educational level was rated on a 5-point scale. Controlling for clustering of offspring within biological families, the adopted siblings had an IQ 4.41 (SE = 0.75) points higher than their nonadopted siblings. Each additional unit of rearing parental education was associated with 1.71 (SE = 0.44) units of IQ. We replicated these results in 2,341 male–male half-sibships, in which, controlling for clustering within families, adoption was associated with a gain of IQ of 3.18 (SE = 0.34) points. Each additional unit of rearing parental education was associated with 1.94 (SE = 0.18) IQ units. Using full- and half-sibling sets matched for genetic background, we found replicated evidence that (i) rearing environment affects IQ measured in late adolescence, and (ii) a portion of the IQ of adopted siblings could be explained by the educational level of their adoptive parents.
After Whiteness: Unmaking an American Majority

View the Table of Contents. Read the Introduction. "Beautifully written and rigorously argued, After Whiteness is the most important theoretical statement on white racial formation since 'whiteness studies' began its current academic sojourn. By reading debates about multiculturalism, ethnicity, and the desire for difference as part of the material practices of the U.S. university system, it engages questions of race, humanistic inquiry, intellectual labor, and the democratic function of critical thought. The result is a critically nuanced analysis that promises to solidify Mike Hill's reputation as one of the finest thinkers of his generation. " --Robyn Wiegman, Duke University "Mike Hill's After Whiteness is an important, provocative and timely book. " --Against the Current "A lucid, fiercely argued, brilliantly conceived, richly provocative work in an emergent and growing area of cultural studies. After Whiteness sets new directions in American literary and cultural studies, and will become a landmark in the field. " --Sacvan Bercovitch, Harvard University "Americanists across the disciplines will find Hill's analysis insightful and brilliant. A must for any scholar who wishes to, in Ralph Ellison's words, 'go to the territory. '" --Sharon Holland, University of Illinois at Chicago As each new census bears out, the rise of multiracialism in the United States will inevitably result in a white minority. In spite of the recent proliferation of academic studies and popular discourse on whiteness, however, there has been little discussion of the future: what comes after whiteness? On the brink of what many are now imagining as a post-white American future, it remains a matter of both popular and academic uncertainty as to what will emerge in its place. After Whiteness aims to address just that, exploring the remnants of white identity to ask how an emergent post-white national imaginary figure into public policy issues, into the habits of sexual intimacy, and into changes within public higher education. Through discussions of the 2000 census and debates over multiracial identity, the volatile psychic investments that white heterosexual men have in men of color--as illustrated by the Christian men's group the Promise Keepers and the neo-fascist organization the National Alliance--and the rise of identity studies and diversity within the contemporary public research university, Mike Hill surveys race among the ruins of white America. At this crucial moment, when white racial change has made its ambivalent cultural debut, Hill demonstrates that the prospect of an end to whiteness haunts progressive scholarship on race as much as it haunts the paranoid visions of racists.