Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Criminal Activity of Adjudicated Youth Long-term Follow-up of Criminal Activity with Adjudicated Youth in Ontario

This article examines the criminal trajectories and childhood and adolescent risk factors of trajectory group membership in a sample of 386 adjudicated youth in Ontario. Participants had served a sentence at one of two open custody facilities in Toronto, over an 11-year period, between 1986 and 1997. Criminal offending, based on official records, was tracked for 16.4 years, on average (SD = 4.1, range = 9.8 – 28.7 years), from late childhood/early adolescence into their early 30s. Childhood and adolescent risk and protective factors reflecting individual, family, peer, and school domains were extracted from client files. Seven trajectories fit the sample. Results of the multinomial regression analyses indicated that early antisocial behaviour and poor academic achievement in childhood and poor family relations, involvement in alternative care, and poor academic achievement in adolescence differentiated the low risk desisters from the moderate and high rate offence trajectories. Implications for early intervention and prevention programs and further research are discussed.
Novelty detection for predicting falls risk using smartphone gait data

In this paper, we consider the problem of falls risk prediction in elderly adults using smartphone-based inertial gait measurements. We begin by collecting a parallel data set from a pressure sensitive walkway and smartphones. The walk-way data is used to calculate the falls risk ground truth using well-established biomechanical norms. The smartphone data and falls risk labels are then used to train and evaluate both the one-class support vector machine (OC-SVM) and the support vector data description (SVDD) novelty detectors. In our evaluation, we find the SVDD has an average F1 score, used as a measure of classifier performance by equally weighting precision and recall, of 76% for females and 79% for males compared to 79%for a universal model. These results demonstrate the potential for predicting falls risk from smartphone data using novelty detection.
Memory, Consciousness and the Brain : The Tallinn Conference

List of Contributors. Prologue. Memory and Consciousness in Tallinn, Endel Tulving. Memory, shmemory: Lest we forget Mnemosyne, Jaan Puhvel. Part I: Memory. Available and accessible information in memory and vision, Juri Allik. Item-specific weighted memory measurement, Herman Buschke and Martin J. Slivinski. Genetics and memory, Lars-Goran Nilsson. Divided attention and memory: Impairment of processing or consolidation? Fergus I.M. Craik and Jill D. Kester. Why retrieval is the key process in understanding memory, Henry L. Roediger, III. Functional neuroimaging of episodic memory retrieval, Roberto Cabeza. Mood dependence and implicit memory, Lee Ryan and Eric Eich. Remembering what never happened, Elizabeth F. Loftus. The seven sins of memory: Perspectives from functional neuroimaging, Daniel L. Schacter. Memory, consciousness and temporality: What is retrieved and who exactly is controlling the retrieval? Gianfranco Dalla Barba. Part II: Consciousness. On the objectivity of subjective experiences of autonoetic and noetic consciousness, John M. Gardiner. What brain activity tells us about conscious awareness of memory retrieval, Emrah Duzel. Varieties of consciousness and memory in the developing child, Mark A. Wheeler. Self-regulation and autonoetic consciousness, Brian Levine. Affectively burnt in: One role of the right frontal lobe? Donald T. Stuss and Michael P. Alexander. 'Hot' emotions in human recollection: Towards a model of traumatic memory. Janet Metcalfe and W.J. Jacobs. Is schizophrenia a disorder of memory or consciousness? Nancy C. Andreasen. Part III: The Brain . Novelty assessment in the brain, Reza Habib and Martin Lepage. Dual effect theory of encoding, Randy Buckner. Successful remembering in the brain, Lars Nyberg. Testing Tulving: The split brain approach, Michael S. Gazzaniga and Michael B. Miller. Repressed memories, Hans J. Markowitsch. Remote memory and retrograde amnesia: Was Endel Tulving right all along? Morris Moscovitch, Tanya Yaschyshyn, Marilyne Ziegler, and Lynn Nadel. From location to integration: How neural interactions form the basis for human cognition, Anthony Randal McIntosh. Epilogue. Human intelligence: A case study of how more and more research can lead us to know less and less about a psychological phenomenon, until finally we know less than we did before we started doing research, Robert J. Sternberg. Author Index. Subject Index.
Fertile Soil for Structural Funds? A Panel Data Analysis of the Conditional Effectiveness of European Cohesion Policy

Structural funds are the most intensively used policy instrument by the European Union to promote economic growth in its member states and to speed up the process of convergence. This paper empirically explores the effectiveness of European Structural Funds by means of a panel data analysis for 13 countries in the European Union. We show that ? on average ? Structural Funds are ineffective. For countries with the ? right? institutions, however, Structural Funds are effective. The latter result is obtained for a wide range of conditioning variables, such as openness, institutional quality, corruption and indicators for good governance. JEL codes: F35, F36, O11, O40, O52, R58 Keywords: European Cohesion Policy, policy effectiveness, economic growth, European Union
Efficacy of short-term nivolumab treatment in a Chinese patient with relapsed advanced-stage lung squamous cell carcinoma

Introduction:Currently, the options are limited for the treatment of patients who have failed 2 lines of chemotherapy for advanced lung squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Recently, nivolumab, a fully human IgG4 programmed death 1 immune checkpoint inhibitor antibody, was approved to treat patients with advanced stage, relapsed/refractory lung SCC. Although nivolumab has demonstrated antitumor activity with survival benefit in Caucasian patients, its efficacy in Asian patients is unknown. Case Report:In this report, we describe a Chinese patient with relapsed advanced stage lung SCC who had an excellent response to nivolumab after only 2 doses without any adverse effects. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated the tumor was stained positive for programmed death-ligand 1. Conclusion:To our knowledge, this is the first report of satisfactory efficacy of short-term nivolumab treatment in a Chinese patient with relapsed advanced-stage lung SCC. Further clinical trials in Asian countries are needed to test whether nivolumab immunotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for Asian patients with lung SCC.
Intensive lifestyle changes may affect the progression of prostate cancer.

PURPOSE Men with prostate cancer are often advised to make changes in diet and lifestyle, although the impact of these changes has not been well documented. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of comprehensive lifestyle changes on prostate specific antigen (PSA), treatment trends and serum stimulated LNCaP cell growth in men with early, biopsy proven prostate cancer after 1 year. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patient recruitment was limited to men who had chosen not to undergo any conventional treatment, which provided an unusual opportunity to have a nonintervention randomized control group to avoid the confounding effects of interventions such as radiation, surgery or androgen deprivation therapy. A total of 93 volunteers with serum PSA 4 to 10 ng/ml and cancer Gleason scores less than 7 were randomly assigned to an experimental group that was asked to make comprehensive lifestyle changes or to a usual care control group. RESULTS None of the experimental group patients but 6 control patients underwent conventional treatment due to an increase in PSA and/or progression of disease on magnetic resonance imaging. PSA decreased 4% in the experimental group but increased 6% in the control group (p = 0.016). The growth of LNCaP prostate cancer cells (American Type Culture Collection, Manassas, Virginia) was inhibited almost 8 times more by serum from the experimental than from the control group (70% vs 9%, p <0.001). Changes in serum PSA and also in LNCaP cell growth were significantly associated with the degree of change in diet and lifestyle. CONCLUSIONS Intensive lifestyle changes may affect the progression of early, low grade prostate cancer in men. Further studies and longer term followup are warranted.
Factor-2 Cross-Talk in Angiogenesis Osteopontin (Eta-1) and Fibroblast Growth

The cytokine/extracellular matrix protein osteopontin (OPN/Eta-1) is an important component of cellular immunity and inﬂammation. It also acts as a survival, cell-adhesive, and chemotactic factor for endothelial cells. Here, subtractive suppression hybridization showed that serum-deprived murine aortic endothelial (MAE) cells transfected with the angiogenic ﬁbroblast growth factor-2 (FGF2) overexpress OPN compared with parental cells. This was conﬁrmed by Northern blotting and Western blot analysis of the conditioned media in different clones of endothelial cells overexpressing FGF2 and in endothelial cells treated with the recombinant growth factor. In vivo, FGF2 caused OPN expression in newly formed endothelium of the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and of murine s.c. Matrigel plug implants. Recombinant OPN (rOPN), the fusion protein GST-OPN, and the deletion mutant GST- (cid:1) RGD-OPN were angiogenic in the CAM assay. Angiogenesis was also triggered by OPN-transfected MAE cells grafted onto the CAM. OPN-driven neovascularization was independent from endothelial (cid:2) v (cid:3) 3 integrin engagement and was always paralleled by the appearance of a massive mononuclear cell inﬁltrate. Accordingly, rOPN, GST-OPN, GST- (cid:1) RGD-OPN, and the conditioned medium of OPN-overexpressing MAE cells were chemotactic for isolated human monocytes. Also, rOPN triggered a proangiogenic phenotype in human monocytes cytokines during angiogenesis and point to OPN up-regulation as a monocyte-mediated mechanism of ampliﬁcation of growth factor-induced neovascularization. for assess morphometric method of point counting (37). The percentage of total of intersection points oc-cupied by The planimetric method was also used for the quantitation of mononuclear cell inﬁltrate around at between CAM mesenchyme. In some experiments CAM fragments underneath sponges collected 24 h after implantation and snap-frozen in liquid nitrogen. Extracted total RNAs (2.0 (cid:5) g) retrotranscribed, and 1/10th of reaction analyzed by PCR using the primers for chicken OPN (forward, 5 (cid:4) -AACAGC CGGACTTTCCTGACAT; reverse, 5 (cid:4) -CACCTCAGGGCTGTGAATCTT; product 398 and chicken GAPDH (forward, (cid:4) -CTGAAGGGTGGT GCTAAGCGT; reverse, (cid:4) -TCATACCAGGAAACAAGCTTGACG; product as above. PCR was performed for one at 95°C and 23 at 94°C (30 64°C (30 and 72°C (45 s). Aliquots l) separated on a 1.4% agarose gel and were visualized by ethidium bromide staining.
Assessment of endotoxin levels in the home and current asthma and wheeze in school-age children.

UNLABELLED The relationship between household endotoxin and asthma in children is not clear. To further investigate the relationship between sources of endotoxin and childhood asthma, we conducted a case-control study of children with and without asthma and examined their more frequent household exposures in the home. Children ages 6-13 years with current asthma (n = 70) or wheeze only (n = 19) were sex and age matched (+/-1 year) to 107 controls. Play area and mattress dust were collected for endotoxin analysis. Atopic status was determined by skin prick testing for allergies. A family size of >4 per household was associated with higher endotoxin levels (EU/mg) in the bed dust (P < 0.05). Passive smoking (P < 0.05) and the presence of a cat were associated with higher levels of endotoxin in mattress dust. Endotoxin levels in either the play dust or the bed dust did not differ between cases and controls. Within atopic cases, those with higher endotoxin loads (EU/m2) in bed or play areas were more likely to miss school for chest illness (P < 0.05). In this study, household endotoxin is not a risk factor for current asthma overall but may be associated with increased severity in children with atopic asthma. PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS This study did not find that household sources of endotoxin were associated with asthma. However, within atopic asthmatics, asthma severity (as measured by a history of being kept home from school because of a chest illness in the past year) was associated with higher levels of endotoxin in dust from the child's bed. There is a need to further investigate the nature of the relationship between household endotoxin and asthma severity in children which could lead to better management of childhood asthma.
Conflict and performance in US and Mexican learning teams

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of two moderators of the relationships between affective conflict and cognitive conflict and team performance: the cultural context and the level of team‐oriented behaviors.Design/methodology/approach – Survey questionnaires were administered to a sample of 143 Mexico‐ and US‐based learning teams. Regression analysis was used to test hypotheses.Findings – In both cultural contexts, cognitive conflict more positively affected performance when team‐oriented behaviors were high. This effect was stronger for Mexican teams. Affective conflict more negatively affected performance in Mexican teams than US teams, particularly when team‐oriented behaviors were high.Practical implications – The results have implications for managing conflict to improve team effectiveness in the USA and in Mexico and for training managers who work across these cultural contexts.Originality/value – The paper demonstrates the joint role of the cultural context and team behavio.
Interactive translucent volume rendering and procedural modeling

Direct volume rendering is a commonly used technique in visualization applications. Many of these applications require sophisticated shading models to capture subtle lighting effects and characteristics of volumetric data and materials. Many common objects and natural phenomena exhibit visual quality that cannot be captured using simple lighting models or cannot be solved at interactive rates using more sophisticated methods. We present a simple yet effective interactive shading model which captures volumetric light attenuation effects to produce volumetric shadows and the subtle appearance of translucency. We also present a technique for volume displacement or perturbation that allows realistic interactive modeling of high frequency detail for real and synthetic volumetric data.
An alternative paradigm for control system design

An alternative framework for control design is presented in this paper. It compliments the existing theory in that: 1) it actively and systematically explores the use of nonlinear control mechanisms for better performance, even for linear plants; 2) it represents a control strategy that is rather independent of mathematical models of the plants, thus achieving inherent robustness and reducing design complexity. An overview of this design philosophy and associated algorithms are first introduced, followed by the summaries of preliminary analysis results and practical applications. It is evident that the proposed framework lends itself well in providing innovative solutions to practical problems while maintaining the simplicity and the intuitiveness of the existing technology, namely PID.
SocialMedicineBox: a communication system for the elderly using medicine box

With a growing aging population, it has become a very important issue to monitor elderly people who are increasingly living alone and away from their families. Many research projects have explored this issue. However, these are mainly focused on one-way communication. In this paper, we proposed a new communication system for the elderly using a medicine chest. The "Social Medicine Box" is a system which notifies the status of the elderly taking medicines as well as their feeling a picture sent automatically to their family. The elderly can also get feedback and communicate with their family as well as their social network (e.g. Twitter and Facebook). In addition, it allows family members living apart to seamlessly share the information without the annoyance of having to initiate conversation.
Brain Substrates of Recovery from Misleading Influence

Humans are strongly influenced by their environment, a dependence that can lead to errors in judgment. Although a rich literature describes how people are influenced by others, little is known regarding the factors that predict subsequent rectification of misleading influence. Using a mediation model in combination with brain imaging, we propose a model for the correction of misinformation. Specifically, our data suggest that amygdala modulation of hippocampal mnemonic representations, during the time of misleading social influence, is associated with reduced subsequent anterior–lateral prefrontal cortex activity that reflects correction. These findings illuminate the process by which erroneous beliefs are, or fail to be, rectified and highlight how past influence constrains subsequent correction.
WHO CREATES CONTENT?

Until the Internet arrived, content creation and distribution was always an expensive, difficult process. With the Internet it is dramatically easier, faster, and cheaper. Some argue that this will move creation out of the hands of elites and lead to wider participation in the public sphere and to enhanced democracy. This paper makes three contributions to this debate. First, it uses a national random sample of the British population. This is much broader than most prior work. Second, it creates the first evidence-based typology of Internet content creation, identifying three types named ‘skilled content’, ‘social and entertainment content’, and ‘political content’. The implicit assumption of many researchers that only one type of content exists is not accurate. Third, using multivariate logistic regression it shows the characteristics of different populations that produce each type of content. Elites have no impact on creation of skilled content. Social and entertainment content is more likely to be created by non-elites. Only creation of political content is significantly and positively associated with elite status. These results clarify inconsistencies in prior studies. Each type of content is produced by a different kind of creator. Thus, type is more than just content; it also describes differences in who creates the content. The varying relationships between elite status and content creation suggest that it is important for future research to pay close attention to the type of content under study when considering possible democratization of creation.
Pre-industrial and mid-Pliocene simulations with NorESM-L

Abstract. The mid-Pliocene period (3.3 to 3.0 Ma) is known as a warm climate with atmospheric greenhouse gas levels similar to the present. As the climate at this time was in equilibrium with the greenhouse forcing, it is a valuable test case to better understand the long-term response to high levels of atmospheric greenhouse gases. In this study, we use the low resolution version of the Norwegian Earth System Model (NorESM-L) to simulate the pre-industrial and the mid-Pliocene climate. Comparison of the simulation with observations demonstrates that NorESM-L simulates a realistic pre-industrial climate. The simulated mid-Pliocene global mean surface air temperature is 16.7 °C, which is 3.2 °C warmer than the pre-industrial. The simulated mid-Pliocene global mean sea surface temperature is 19.1 °C, which is 2.0 °C warmer than the pre-industrial. The warming is relatively uniform globally, except for a strong amplification at high latitudes.
Importance ranking of features for human micro-Doppler classification with a radar network

Over the past decade, the human micro-Doppler signature has been a subject of intense research. In particular, much work has been done in relation to computing features for use in a variety of classification problems, such as arm swing detection, activity classification, and target identification. Although dozens of features have been proposed for these purposes, little work has examined the issue of which features are more important - i.e., have a greater impact on classification performance - than others. In this work, an information theoretic approach is applied to compute the importance ranking of features prior to classification for the specific problem of discriminating human walking from running. Results show that the ranking of features according to mutual information directly relates to classification performance using support vector machines.
Overexpression of neurofilament H disrupts normal cell structure and function

Studying exogenously expressed tagged proteins in live cells has become a standard technique for evaluating protein distribution and function. Typically, expression levels of experimentally introduced proteins are not regulated, and high levels are often preferred to facilitate detection. However, overexpression of many proteins leads to mislocalization and pathologies. Therefore, for normative studies, moderate levels of expression may be more suitable. To understand better the dynamics of intermediate filament formation, transport, and stability in a healthy, living cell, we inserted neurofilament heavy chain (NFH)‐green fluorescent protein (GFP) fusion constructs in adenoviral vectors with tetracycline (tet)‐regulated promoters. This system allows for turning on or off the synthesis of NFH‐GFP at a selected time, for a defined period, in a dose‐dependent manner. We used this inducible system for live cell imaging of changes in filament structure and cell shape, motility, and transport associated with increasing NFH‐GFP expression. Cells with low to intermediate levels of NFH‐GFP were structurally and functionally similar to neighboring, nonexpressing cells. In contrast, overexpression led to pathological alterations in both filament organization and cell function. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The right mind : making sense of the hemispheres

Robert Ornstein, whose bestselling "Psychology of Consciousness" sparked a quarter century of debate and sold over two million copies, shows -- in this concise and brilliant book -- that the relationship between right and left is a universal phenomenon: turn one molecule in a lemon to the left and you end up with an orange, animals favor one paw over the other, human speech and birds singing both arise from the left hemisphere. The right hemisphere has been historically downplayed, even called subhuman and dangerous. But more recently, popularizers have associated the right brain with intuition and creativity. In fact, Ornstein argues, the mysterious and misunderstood right brain sets the context, provides the direction, and makes sense of it all. A brilliant and illuminating work of an important thinker at the top of his game, "The Right MInd" is short but rich in detail, lighthearted but profound in its conclusions.