Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Integrative Review of Nonviolent Communication Intervention Studies

Purpose: This study aimed to uncover the evidence for developing effective communication intervention programs by analyzing and evaluating Communication Intervention Studies using Nonviolent Communication (NVC-CI). The specific purposes were to analyze general characteristics of NVC-CI studies, intervention contents, and the effectiveness of the studies. Methods: This was an integrative review that analyzed NVC-CI studies published from 2005 to 2015 identified through searches of five Korean electronic databases. The method proposed by Whittemore and Knafl was applied. This contains four stages: problem identification, literature search, data evaluation, and data analysis. Results: Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria. Most of the experimental designs were Quasi-experimental studies. These included 9 papers (75%), one qualitative study, one mixed methodology, and one case study (8.3% respectively). Most NVC-CI studies used group intervention. In order to effectively change communication patterns, interventions needed about 10~11 sessions 1~2 times a week. Conclusion: Future research with well-designed clinical trials using NVC-CI needs to be done in the area of mental health nursing to promote communication skills.
Sick leaves in four factories--do characteristics of employees and work conditions explain differences in sickness absence between workplaces?

OBJECTIVES The study explored whether differences in sickness absence between four factories of a food industry company were explained by common determinants of sickness absence, such as employee health, sociodemographic characteristics, and physical and psychosocial work conditions. METHODS Survey responses of 582 employees were linked to the records of short-term (1-3 days) and long-term (>3 days) absence, as well as to records of absences due to musculoskeletal diagnoses. Multilevel models were applied in assessing the between-factory absence differences. RESULTS Compared with the levels in the factory with the lowest sickness absence, in one factory the levels of short-term [rate ratio (RR) 1.72], long-term (RR 1.96), and musculoskeletal (rate ratio 2.93) absence were significantly higher. Another factory also had higher levels of long-term and musculoskeletal absence (RR 2.17 and 2.52, respectively). Adjustment for the background factors explained 35% of the difference in short-term absence, 3-9% of the differences in long-term absence, and 18-12% of the differences in musculoskeletal absence, but the between-factory differences were still highly significant. CONCLUSIONS This study showed large differences in sickness absence between factories that were only partly explained by common determinants. Moreover, economic factors and formal control were unlikely explanatory factors, as the study was conducted within a single company. These results justify further research on local absence practices and cultures, including those of health service organizations and professionals.
Bayesian Active Learning for Classification and Preference Learning

Information theoretic active learning has been widely studied for probabilistic models. For simple regression an optimal myopic policy is easily tractable. However, for other tasks and with more complex models, such as classication with nonparametric models, the optimal solution is harder to compute. Current approaches make approximations to achieve tractability. We propose an approach that expresses information gain in terms of predictive entropies, and apply this method to the Gaussian Process Classier (GPC). Our approach makes minimal approximations to the full information theoretic objective. Our experimental performance compares favourably to many popular active learning algorithms, and has equal or lower computational complexity. We compare well to decision theoretic approaches also, which are privy to more information and require much more computational time. Secondly, by developing further a reformulation of binary preference learning to a classication problem, we extend our algorithm to Gaussian Process preference learning.
Phosphorylation on carboxyl terminus domains of neurofilament proteins in retinal ganglion cell neurons in vivo: influences on regional neurofilament accumulation, interneurofilament spacing, and axon caliber

The high molecular weight subunits of neurofilaments, NF-H and NF-M, have distinctively long carboxyl-terminal domains that become highly phosphorylated after newly formed neurofilaments enter the axon. We have investigated the functions of this process in normal, unperturbed retinal ganglion cell neurons of mature mice. Using in vivo pulse labeling with [35S]methionine or [32P]orthophosphate and immunocytochemistry with monoclonal antibodies to phosphorylation- dependent neurofilament epitopes, we showed that NF-H and NF-M subunits of transported neurofilaments begin to attain a mature state of phosphorylation within a discrete, very proximal region along optic axons starting 150 microns from the eye. Ultrastructural morphometry of 1,700-2,500 optic axons at each of seven levels proximal or distal to this transition zone demonstrated a threefold expansion of axon caliber at the 150-microns level, which then remained constant distally. The numbers of neurofilaments nearly doubled between the 100- and 150- microns level and further increased a total of threefold by the 1,200- microns level. Microtubule numbers rose only 30-35%. The minimum spacing between neurofilaments also nearly doubled and the average spacing increased from 30 nm to 55 nm. These results show that carboxyl- terminal phosphorylation expands axon caliber by initiating the local accumulation of neurofilaments within axons as well as by increasing the obligatory lateral spacing between neurofilaments. Myelination, which also began at the 150-microns level, may be an important influence on these events because no local neurofilament accumulation or caliber expansion occurred along unmyelinated optic axons. These findings provide evidence that carboxyl-terminal phosphorylation triggers the radial extension of neurofilament sidearms and is a key regulatory influence on neurofilament transport and on the local formation of a stationary but dynamic axonal cytoskeletal network.
The effects of vitamin K1-rich plant foods on the efficacy of the anticoagulant rodenticides chlorophacinone and diphacinone, used against Montane Voles (Microtus montanus)

Voles can cause significant losses to agriculture and wood fibre production. California growers typically rely on baits containing chlorophacinone and diphacinone to reduce vole population densities, but the efficacy of those rodenticides has been decreasing. One hypothesis suggests that voles are consuming high levels of an antidote (vitamin K1) to the anticoagulants, contained within green leafy plants. We tested that hypothesis by first feeding Montane Voles (Microtus montanus) diets that were high in vitamin K1, and then providing the animals with either: (1) chlorophacinone-containing bait, (2) diphacinone-containing bait, or (3) a control diet. We found that the chlorophacinone-containing bait remained efficacious (100% mortality), whereas the diphacinone-containing bait had a much lower efficacy (60% mortality). When only the diphacinone-containing bait was presented, the efficacy was somewhat better (80%). We infer that a diet rich in vitamin K1 did not negate the effects of the chlorophacinone for voles, and so we recommend its continued use in California unless anticoagulant resistance is known to have developed in the vole population. We hypothesise that: (1) diphacinone has a relatively low efficacy against Montane Voles when compared to chlorophacinone, and (2) this lower efficacy could be further reduced by a vitamin K1-rich diet.
Effectiveness of the Student Success Course on Persistence, Retention, Academic Achievement, and Student Engagement

ABSTRACT Despite a great increase in the numbers of students enrolling in higher education, specifically at community colleges, the successful completion rates for these students has remained static since the 1970s. When reviewing strategies to increase student retention and successful completion, the Student Success Course (SSC) has emerged as a promising and prominent strategy for community colleges. Given that, the purpose of this sequential mixed methods study was to determine if participation in a SSC influences persistence, retention, academic achievement, and student engagement on a community college campus. Data were collected from a purposeful sample of 197 SSC participants at a middle sized community college in southeast Texas and compared to a matched sample of 235 non-SSC participants. Twelve former SSC participants were also interviewed in an attempt to build a more empirical understanding of the impact of the SSC on student engagement and, thus, the students’ decisions to remain in college. Results of this study indicate that a relationship exists between participation in the SSC and persistence, retention, academic achievement in English and mathematics, and student engagement. Additionally, participants claim that taking the SSC not only altered their perceptions of the importance of the course, but their social and study skills as well.
The Good News-Bad News Effect: Asymmetric Processing of Objective Information about Yourself

We study processing and acquisition of objective information regarding qualities that people care about, intelligence and beauty. Subjects receiving negative feedback did not respect the strength of these signals, were far less predictable in their updating behavior and exhibited an aversion to new information. In response to good news, inference conformed more closely to Bayes' Rule, both in accuracy and precision. Signal direction did not affect updating or acquisition in our neutral control. Unlike past work, our design varied direction and agreement with priors independently. The results indicate that confirmation bias is driven by direction; confirmation alone had no effect. (JEL D82, D83)
Model Pulses for Performance Prediction of Digital Microelectronic Systems

Pulse-shape models are presented that furnish the tools for analyzing a number of aspects of the performance of microelectronic circuits. Model pulse shapes are provided and their properties are analyzed in detail. Applications that are covered include the replication of measured pulses that are of relevance for inter- and intra-chip interconnects and, concurrently, examples of passive circuits that generate them. The pulses are appropriate as input to time-domain electromagnetic simulation. They are also instrumental to microelectronic performance prediction protocols and measurement equipment-aspects that are of crucial importance to integrated circuit packaging.
B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Predicts Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Pediatric Outpatients With Chronic Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction

Background— Plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels are elevated in adults with heart failure and correlate with functional classification and prognosis. The range and predictive power of BNP concentrations in children with chronic heart failure, however, are not known. Methods and Results— Whole blood BNP concentrations were measured in 53 consecutive patients with chronic left ventricular (LV) systolic dysfunction (biventricular hearts, ejection fraction <50%, >3 months since diagnosis). Children who had been hospitalized within 3 months before potential enrollment and those <2 months or >21 years of age were excluded. BNP concentrations were measured with the Triage assay (Biosite Diagnostics, Inc, San Diego, Calif). Echocardiographers and clinicians were blinded to BNP levels. An adverse cardiovascular event was defined as cardiac death, cardiac-related hospitalization, or listing for cardiac transplantation. The median age of patients with LV dysfunction was 9.3 years (interquartile range [IQR], 2.7 to 15.1 years). BNP levels were elevated in children with LV dysfunction compared with healthy controls (median, 78 pg/mL [IQR, 22 to 551 pg/mL] versus median, 7 pg/mL [IQR, 5 to 11 pg/mL]; P<0.0001). Whole blood BNP concentrations were increased in patients who had a 90-day adverse cardiovascular event compared with those who did not (median, 735 pg/mL [IQR, 685 to 1510 pg/mL] versus median, 37 pg/mL [IQR, 14 to 92 pg/mL]; P<0.001). Patients with a BNP concentration ≥300 pg/mL were at increased risk of death, hospitalization, or listing for cardiac transplantation (adjusted hazard ratio, 63.6; P<0.0001). Conclusions— BNP concentrations are elevated in children with chronic LV systolic dysfunction and predict the 90-day composite end point of death, hospitalization, or listing for cardiac transplantation.
Spotlight SAR data focusing based on a two-step processing approach

The authors present a new spotlight SAR data-focusing algorithm based on a two-step processing strategy that combines the advantages of two commonly adopted processing approaches: the efficiency of SPECAN algorithms and the precision of stripmap focusing techniques. The first step of the proposed algorithm implements a linear and space-invariant azimuth filtering that is carried out via a deramping-based technique representing a simplified version of the SPECAN approach. This operation allows the authors to perform a bulk azimuth raw data compression and to achieve a pixel spacing smaller than (or equal to) the expected azimuth resolution of the fully focused image. Thus, the azimuth spectral folding phenomenon, typically affecting the spotlight data, is overcome, and the space-variant characteristics of the stripmap system transfer function are preserved. Accordingly, the residual and precise focusing of the SAR data is achieved by applying a conventional stripmap processing procedure requiring a minor modification and implemented in the frequency domain. The extension of the proposed technique to the case of high bandwidth transmitted chirp signals is also discussed. Experiments carried out on real and simulated data confirm the validity of the presented approach, which is mainly focused on spaceborne systems.
Boundaries in the physician-patient relationship.

To the Editor. —The article by Drs Gabbard and Nadelson 1 on professional boundaries in the physician-patient relationship correctly states that boundary issues have probably been most extensively addressed in the psychiatric literature. Perhaps the most serious boundary violation occurs when a therapist abandons his or her fiduciary responsibilities by entering into a sexual relationship with a patient. Consequently, throughout their article, Gabbard and Nadelson stress the theme of sexual misconduct both explicitly and implicitly. It is in the latter regard, where insinuations of possible sexual impropriety are raised, that their exposition is particularly troublesome. Unethical practitioners with sexual intentions in mind might begin to pave the way by any of the following: making inappropriate personal revelations, scheduling the patient at times when nobody else is present, prolonging the therapy sessions, using suggestive language, arranging meetings outside the office, offering services above and beyond the call of duty, greatly reducing
SHAPLEY-AMES GALAXIES IN THE BLUE AND INFRARED

The Shapley-Ames catalog of 1276 galaxies with B < 12.5 is compared with the Sanders et al. all-sky sample of the 629 galaxies with 60 μm flux density above 5.24 Jy. The fraction of Shapley-Ames galaxies that are visible in the infrared is found to increase from 0.006 for E and E/S0 galaxies to 0.384 for Sc galaxies. The subset of Shapley-Ames galaxies that are detected in the IR have a median blue luminosity that is ~0.8 mag fainter than that of all Shapley-Ames galaxies. Most of this difference is due to the fact that late-type galaxies (which contain dust and hot stars) are systematically less luminous in blue light than are early-type galaxies. Within individual stages along the Hubble sequence, no significant differences are found between the luminosity distributions in blue light of galaxies that were detected in the infrared and those that were not. However, our data show a puzzling exception (significant at 99.9%) for SBc galaxies. For reasons that are not understood, Shapley-Ames SBc galaxies that are visible in the IR are more luminous in blue light than those SBc galaxies that are not detected in the infrared. Another peculiarity of the data is that Shapley-Ames Sc galaxies are (at 99.6% confidence) more luminous in blue light than objects of type SBc.
The fission yeast septation initiation network (SIN) kinase, Sid2, is required for SIN asymmetry and regulates the SIN scaffold, Cdc11

Some components of the fission yeast septation initiation network (SIN) localize asymmetrically to spindle pole bodies during anaphase. Symmetric localization of these proteins correlates with cytokinesis defects. It is shown that the SIN-kinase Sid2 mediates SIN asymmetry, in part via the scaffold Cdc11, revealing a previously unknown feedback loop operating to generate SIN asymmetry.
Pedagogy as Ritual: How Teachers use Rituals to foster their Mythical values in the Early Childhood Classrooms?

A lot of literature has been written about education as the transmission of cultural knowledge yet the way in which culture, as ritual action, constitutes and fosters religio-cultural ideological myth remains largely unexplored in the context of ritual pedagogies in school settings. In Hong Kong, the government had initiated an educational reform promoting the play-based child-centred approach to replace the traditional mode of teacher-centred approach aimed at meeting the changing world at the start of 21st century. However, there are great variations when these principles and approaches are implemented in classroom practice. Even though the school voucher scheme1 providing support for parents to choose kindergartens that adopt the approach has been introduced in 2006, there is no significant impact in the field of early childhood education. This study aimed to identify the extent to which how different ritual pedagogies had reflected the mythical values that the teachers held by examining the forms and practices of ritual in two early childhood classroom settings. Data was collected through observational records and interviews to examine how the mythical values of the two teachers concerned had underpinned their ritualistic practises. The findings suggested that teachers using different ritual pedagogies had reflected entirely different mythical values that they held respectively. The implication for this study is that schools should not ignore the mythical values of their teachers if they are to realise their school missions and cultural values that they cherished. The study might give insight to early childhood practitioners and policy makers on how the ritualistic practises of the teachers could make a big difference to the realisation of their ideological goals. On the academic side, light might be shed for an understanding of the puzzled gap between the traditional teaching mode and the recommended approaches.
Mispricing of S&P 500 Index Options

Widespread violations of stochastic dominance by one-month S&P 500 index call options over 1986-2006 imply that a trader can improve expected utility by engaging in a zero-net-cost trade net of transaction costs and bid-ask spread. Although pre-crash option prices conform to the Black-Scholes-Merton model reasonably well, they are incorrectly priced if the distribution of the index return is estimated from time-series data. Substantial violations by post-crash OTM calls contradict the notion that the problem primarily lies with the left-hand tail of the index return distribution and that the smile is too steep. The decrease in violations over the post-crash period 1988-1995 is followed by a substantial increase over 1997-2006 which may be due to the lower quality of the data but, in any case, does not provide evidence that the options market is becoming more rational over time.
Linguistic ability in early life and cognitive function and Alzheimer's disease in late life. Findings from the Nun Study.

OBJECTIVE To determine if linguistic ability in early life is associated with cognitive function and Alzheimer's disease in late life. DESIGN Two measures of linguistic ability in early life, idea density and grammatical complexity, were derived from autobiographies written at a mean age of 22 years. Approximately 58 years later, the women who wrote these autobiographies participated in an assessment of cognitive function, and those who subsequently died were evaluated neuropathologically. SETTING Convents in the United States participating in the Nun Study; primarily convents in the Milwaukee, Wis, area. PARTICIPANTS Cognitive function was investigated in 93 participants who were aged 75 to 95 years at the time of their assessments, and Alzheimer's disease was investigated in the 14 participants who died at 79 to 96 years of age. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Seven neuropsychological tests and neuropathologically confirmed Alzheimer's disease. RESULTS Low idea density and low grammatical complexity in autobiographies written in early life were associated with low cognitive test scores in late life. Low idea density in early life had stronger and more consistent associations with poor cognitive function than did low grammatical complexity. Among the 14 sisters who died, neuropathologically confirmed Alzheimer's disease was present in all of those with low idea density in early life and in none of those with high idea density. CONCLUSIONS Low linguistic ability in early life was a strong predictor of poor cognitive function and Alzheimer's disease in late life.
Novel tetrazole and cyanamide derivatives as inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 enzyme: design, synthesis, anti-inflammatory evaluation, ulcerogenic liability and docking study

Abstract Nineteen new compounds containing tetrazole and/or cyanamide moiety have been designed and synthesised. Their structures were confirmed using spectroscopic methods and elemental analyses. Anti-inflammatory activity for all the synthesised compounds was evaluated in vivo. The most active compounds 4c, 5a, 5d–f, 8a and b and 9a and b were further investigated for their ulcerogenic liability and analgesic activity. Pyrazoline derivatives 9b and 8b bearing trimethoxyphenyl part and SO2NH2 or SO2Me pharmacophore showed equal or nearly the same ulcerogenic liability (UI: 0.5, 0.75, respectively), to celecoxib (UI: 0.50). Most of tested compounds showed potent central and/or peripheral analgesic activities. Histopathological investigations were done to evaluate test compounds effect on rat's gastric tissue. The obtained results were in consistent with the in vitro data on COX evaluation. Docking study was also done for all the target compounds inside COX-2-active site.