Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Financial Crisis and Changes in Determinants of Risk and Return: An Empirical Investigation of an Emerging Market (ISE)

This paper examines how determinants of volatility and stock returns change with financial crisis. The contributions of the paper are twofold. First, using a GARCH-M framework, risk and return are jointly modeled by using macroeconomic variables both in the variance and the mean equations. The conditional variance equation is specified by including macro-economic variables, a relevant information set for emerging economies, that is often overlooked in various GARCH specifications. Second, determinants of risk and return are investigated before during and after a major financial crisis at ISE. We show that, both the determinants of risk and the risk-return relationship change as the economy switches from one regime to the other.
Estimating Solar Irradiation Absorbed by Photovoltaic Panels with Low Concentration Located in Craiova, Romania

Solar irradiation is one of the important parameters that should be taken into consideration for the design and utilization of a photovoltaic system. Usually, the input parameters of a photovoltaic system are solar irradiation, the ambient environment temperature and the wind speed, and as a consequence most photovoltaic systems are equipped with sensors for measuring these parameters. This paper presents several mathematical models for solar irradiation assessment. The starting point is represented by the mathematical model of extraterrestrial irradiation, and resulting finally in the model for solar irradiation, absorbed by a low concentration photovoltaic panel. These estimating models of solar irradiation have been particularized for the Craiova, Romania, and have been verified through numerical simulation. Regarding terrestrial solar irradiation, four mathematical models have been adopted, namely Adnot, Haurwitz, Kasten and Empirical (EIM). Of these, the most appropriate for the Craiova location were the models Adnot and Empirical. Consequently, for the calculation of the solar irradiation absorbed by the photovoltaic (PV) panels with low concentration, these models have been taken into consideration. In this study, a comparative analysis was also carried out with respect to the solar irradiation absorbed by the PV panels without concentration and those with collectedness of the solar radiation. This analysis was based on the results of numerical simulation and experimental tests.
‘Strange faces’ in the academy: experiences of racialized and Indigenous faculty in Canadian universities

ABSTRACT This paper is based on a larger qualitative study of exclusion and belonging as experienced by members of marginalized groups in the professions. The current analysis draws on a subsample of 13 racialized and Indigenous academics at Canadian universities to examine their experiences of both everyday racism – subtle, almost intangible micro-level interactions that convey messages of not fully belonging – and overt racism and colonialism. Overt experiences were less common, though intensely painful. Though in some ways they are more straightforward to address, as they are more obvious, they also consume considerable time and energy. Instances of everyday racism and colonialism were more common, often intricately interwoven with the very fabric of the institutional culture. Their cumulative nature is exhausting. Diversity initiatives, while popular in contemporary universities, are failing to approach equity, in that they deny the need for change in institutional cultures.
Perceived Location Autonomy and Work Environment Choice: The Mediating Influence of Intrinsic Motivation

Building on the main tenets of labor process theory, this study introduces perceived location autonomy (PLA)—the autonomy to generate, evaluate, and choose where to perform one’s work tasks—and tests the relationships between PLA and worker productivity and well-being. Using a sample of academic knowledge workers (n = 319), our results suggest that workers experiencing higher PLA choose work environments to enhance both their productivity and their well-being through increased intrinsic motivation. Consistent with labor process theory, PLA acts as a form of empowerment that aligns knowledge worker and organizational goals to realize productivity gains while simultaneously allowing workers to enhance well-being. Together, these results suggest that managers may wish to consider integrating PLA into job and organizational design, as an alternative to control, as an effective strategy for boosting knowledge worker productivity and well-being.
Budaya dan Pembangunan Ekonomi: Sebuah Kajian terhadap Artikel Chavoshbashi dan Kawan-Kawan

The research of the cultural effect on economic development is always interesting for many researchers. An article of Chavoshbashi et al. has provided an understanding to study the cultural effect by using a dynamics system approach. This paper reviewed the article by focusing on their system thinking. This review strengthened an argument that it is important to consider the cultural values in the economic development.
Realization of nonlinear systems described by input/output differential equations: Equivalence of different methods

Five different state space realizability conditions for nonlinear single-input single-output high order input-output differential equation are compared and proved to be equivalent. Moreover, the explicit formulas are provided for calculation of the differentials of the state coordinates which can be integrated to obtain the state coordinates iff the necessary and sufficient realizability conditions are satisfied.
The role of rumination in illness trajectories in youth: linking trans-diagnostic processes with clinical staging models

Research in developmental psychopathology and clinical staging models has increasingly sought to identify trans-diagnostic biomarkers or neurocognitive deficits that may play a role in the onset and trajectory of mental disorders and could represent modifiable treatment targets. Less attention has been directed at the potential role of cognitive-emotional regulation processes such as ruminative response style. Maladaptive rumination (toxic brooding) is a known mediator of the association between gender and internalizing disorders in adolescents and is increased in individuals with a history of early adversity. Furthermore, rumination shows moderate levels of genetic heritability and is linked to abnormalities in neural networks associated with emotional regulation and executive functioning. This review explores the potential role of rumination in exacerbating the symptoms of alcohol and substance misuse, and bipolar and psychotic disorders during the peak age range for illness onset. Evidence shows that rumination not only amplifies levels of distress and suicidal ideation, but also extends physiological responses to stress, which may partly explain the high prevalence of physical and mental co-morbidity in youth presenting to mental health services. In summary, the normative developmental trajectory of rumination and its role in the evolution of mental disorders and physical illness demonstrates that rumination presents a detectable, modifiable trans-diagnostic risk factor in youth.
Influencing Trust for Human–Automation Collaborative Scheduling of Multiple Unmanned Vehicles

Objective: We examined the impact of priming on operator trust and system performance when supervising a decentralized network of heterogeneous unmanned vehicles (UVs). Background: Advances in autonomy have enabled a future vision of single-operator control of multiple heterogeneous UVs. Real-time scheduling for multiple UVs in uncertain environments requires the computational ability of optimization algorithms combined with the judgment and adaptability of human supervisors. Because of system and environmental uncertainty, appropriate operator trust will be instrumental to maintain high system performance and prevent cognitive overload. Method: Three groups of operators experienced different levels of trust priming prior to conducting simulated missions in an existing, multiple-UV simulation environment. Results: Participants who play computer and video games frequently were found to have a higher propensity to overtrust automation. By priming gamers to lower their initial trust to a more appropriate level, system performance was improved by 10% as compared to gamers who were primed to have higher trust in the automation. Conclusion: Priming was successful at adjusting the operator’s initial and dynamic trust in the automated scheduling algorithm, which had a substantial impact on system performance. Application: These results have important implications for personnel selection and training for futuristic multi-UV systems under human supervision. Although gamers may bring valuable skills, they may also be potentially prone to automation bias. Priming during training and regular priming throughout missions may be one potential method for overcoming this propensity to overtrust automation.
The Effects of STEM Activities on STEM Attitudes, Scientific Creativity and Motivation Beliefs of the Students and Their Views on STEM Education

Article History: Received: 19.09. 2018 Available online: 30.11. 2018 The present study aimed to determine the effects of STEM activities on the STEM attitudes, scientific creativity and motivational beliefs of seventh grade students and the views of the students on STEM education. In this context, the mixed research method was used. In the quantitative section of the study, pre-test/post-test single-group research model was used and case study method was used in the qualitative section. “STEM Attitude Scale,” “Scientific Creativity Scale,” and ”Motivation and Learning Strategies Scale,” and an interview form and student diaries were used as data collection instruments, where the latter two instruments were used to determine students' views on STEM educational approach. Twenty-five seventh grade students attending a school in Elazığ province urban center participated in the study. An 8-week program was conducted with STEM activities for the students participating in the study. Shapiro-Wilk test was applied to calculate the normality of the data obtained in the study and it was determined that the study data exhibited normal distribution. After paired sample t-test, it was determined that there was a significant difference between STEM attitudes, scientific creativity and motivation beliefs of the students. The student views on STEM education demonstrated that they considered STEM education as instructive, entertaining, creative and motivating. Furthermore, the students stated that STEM education improved their creativity and motivation towards the courses and contributed to their career choices. © 2018 IOJES. All rights reserved
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COLLABORATIVE LEARNING APPLICATIONS IN ART EDUCATION

This research has been carried out in order to define the effectiveness of collaborative learning applications in art education training through using the model of pre-test and post-test control group. Two groups of learners, who were 4nd primary school students at Korgeneral Lütfü Akdemir primary school in 2007-2008 Autumn semester, were divided as control and experiment groups. According to the results of this search it can said that usage of collaborative learning method in visual art education is more effective than traditional methods.
Public Information Arrivals and The Impact of the Order Book on Stock Price

This paper investigates the impact of public information arrivals on the mean and variance of stock price changes via order submission and execution. The Australian Securities Exchange, with a continuous disclosure regime that releases centrally timestamped company announcements, provides us with a unique proxy for public information for our analysis. With the mean effect, we document that the order flows are informative on short-term stock returns, especially that the slope of the demand curve over the supply curve of the order book could predict the direction of stock price changes, and that public information arrivals increase the informativeness of the order flows. With the variance effect, we find that the relation between price volatility and trading volume and that between price volatility and the slope of the order book are strengthened as the intensity of public information arrivals increases. Overall, our findings contribute to the literature by providing new evidence that the order book conveys information about both direction and magnitude of stock price changes, and that public information arrivals induce heterogeneous revision of beliefs among market participants. JEL classification: G14, G19
Multicast transport protocols for high speed networks

This paper presents the design and analysis of three reliable multicast transport protocols for high speed networks. The novelty of these protocols lies in the technique used in combining the acknowledgments of individual destinations along the underlying multicast tree to prevent acknowledgement implosion and in the technique used in preventing unnecessary retransmission by performing local multicasts. These protocols use the periodic exchange of complete state information between the source and the destinations and a block-based Selective Repeat retransmission scheme to improve the overall performance in a high speed networking environment. Performance of each protocol is analyzed in terms of throughput, end-to-end delay, buffer requirement, acknowledgment traffic and retransmission traffic. Based on this analysis and the complexity of implementation, one of the three protocols is recommended for reliable multicasting in high speed networks. <<ETX>>
Reconciling Psychoanalytic Ideas with Attachment Theory

The relationship between attachment theory and psychoanalysis, historically, has not been an easy one (Cassidy & Shaver, 2008; Eagle, 2013; Fonagy, 2001). But in recent years, developments in both fields have led to a growing rapprochement (Eagle, 2013; Holmes, 2009). Changes in psychoanalytic thinking have made it more accommodating of attachment thinking; conversely, aspects of the development of attachment findings, applications, and theory have made it more pertinent to psychoanalysis. In this chapter we examine the disagreements between psychoanalysis and attachment theory, and point to some of the two disciplines’ common foundations. We then describe an approach to the role of attachment in human development that considers it in relation to the capacity to mentalize, that is, to understand ourselves and others in terms of intentional mental states, and places both attachment and mentalizing in the context of the development of epistemic trust—the capacity to trust others as a source of knowledge about the world. This approach builds on some of Bowlby’s assumptions drawn from evolutionary biology, placing some of the better founded psychoanalytic criticisms of attachment theory in a different perspective. We suggest that this context allows the ongoing significance of Bowlby and Ainsworth’s thinking for the psychoanalytic project to be appreciated.
Secretory granule behaviour adjacent to the plasma membrane before and during exocytosis: total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy studies

Our current notions of different granule pools, granule interaction with the plasma membrane, and ultimately granule and plasma membrane soluble N‐ethylmaleimide‐sensitive‐factor attachement protein (SNARE) interactions, result largely from inferences based upon biochemical alterations of secretion kinetics. Another view of events comes from studies using total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) to investigate granule behaviour immediately adjacent to the plasma membrane. The motions of secretory (chromaffin) granules in bovine chromaffin cells visualized by TIRFM are highly restricted, as if granules are caged or tethered. These small motions are regulated by ATP and Ca2+, two factors that increase priming of the secretory response. There is no evidence that granules decrease their motion immediately before secretion. To the contrary, there is a tendency for granules to increase their motions and travel within a few hundred milliseconds of fusion. Hence, the notion of a long‐lived docked state as a prelude to fusion does not encompass the physical reality of molecular scale motions, multiple tethering states and significant travel immediately preceding the exocytotic event. Increased travel may increase the probability of granules interacting productively with the plasma membrane constituents, thereby, increasing the probability of fusion.
Achieving a Quantitative Understanding of Antiretroviral Drug Efficacy

To the Editor—In their letter, Snelling et al [1] discuss theoretical measurements relating to spore deposition, as opposed to the recovery of spores during air sampling. Crucially, the authors' data do not consider variations in spore size to be secondary to culture conditions, in vitro processing (eg, washing and electron micros-copy processing), hydration, and phase of maturation. For example, according to phase-contrast microscopy, Clostridium difficile spore populations are often not homogenous; phase-dark spores (hy-drated spores before germination) are approximately twice the size of phase-bright spores [2]. More importantly, measurements of spores generated in vitro are of limited significance, because naked spores do not commonly occur in nature—cer-tainly not when generated from fecal matter. In reality, the particles formed will probably be much larger than the size of a single spore and be polydispersed. C. difficile spores show a tendency to aggregate , which also makes the aerosolization of single spores unlikely. Thus, it is likely that airborne particles containing C. dif-ficile spores will be larger and will settle out rapidly after generation, as is shown in Figure 1 of our article [3]. In fact, the decrease in spore number from 8 to 1 in 15 min we recorded suggests an average deposition rate of ∼1 m (assuming this as source height) in 15 min. This equates to a terminal velocity of 1.11 mm/s—10 times the largest velocity suggested by Snelling and colleagues—and a fallout time of ! 0.25 h, which equates to an average aerodynamic particle size of at least 6.1 mm and an actual diameter of 4.3 mm (using the density value noted below). The terminal velocity calculations in the table produced by Snelling and colleagues assume a unit density for clostridial spores. In fact, the reported dry density for clos-tridial spores is 1.42 g/mL [4]. This means that the terminal velocities should be multiplied by 1.42 and the settling time divided by 1.42. For example, the terminal velocity for 1.99-mm particles should be 0.185 mm/s, and the time to deposit 1 m reduced to 1.5 h. Validation work conducted at the Health Protection Agency's Centre for Emergency Preparedness and Response (A. Bennett, personal communication) determined the extent of deposition on the (12 mm in diameter) inner surfaces of the tubing used during our air sampling. Only 0.14%–15.9% of particles measuring 0.7– 17.6 mm (expressed in Bacillus subtilis colony forming units) were trapped on the inner surfaces of the tubing. …
EphA4 Blockers Promote Axonal Regeneration and Functional Recovery Following Spinal Cord Injury in Mice

Upregulation and activation of developmental axon guidance molecules, such as semaphorins and members of the Eph receptor tyrosine kinase family and their ligands, the ephrins, play a role in the inhibition of axonal regeneration following injury to the central nervous system. Previously we have demonstrated in a knockout model that axonal regeneration following spinal cord injury is promoted in the absence of the axon guidance protein EphA4. Antagonism of EphA4 was therefore proposed as a potential therapy to promote recovery from spinal cord injury. To further assess this potential, two soluble recombinant blockers of EphA4, unclustered ephrin-A5-Fc and EphA4-Fc, were examined for their ability to promote axonal regeneration and to improve functional outcome following spinal cord hemisection in wildtype mice. A 2-week administration of either of these blockers following spinal cord injury was sufficient to promote substantial axonal regeneration and functional recovery by 5 weeks following injury. Both inhibitors produced a moderate reduction in astrocytic gliosis, indicating that much of the effect of the blockers may be due to promotion of axon growth. These studies provide definitive evidence that soluble inhibitors of EphA4 function offer considerable therapeutic potential for the treatment of spinal cord injury and may have broader potential for the treatment of other central nervous system injuries.
Using small bias nonparametric density estimators for confidence interval estimation

Confidence intervals for densities built on the basis of standard nonparametric theory are doomed to have poor coverage rates due to bias. Studies on coverage improvement exist, but reasonably behaved interval estimators are needed. We explore the use of small bias kernel-based methods to construct confidence intervals, in particular using a geometric density estimator that seems better suited for this purpose.
Faculty Perceptions of Tenure in Parks, Recreation, and Tourism

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to assess faculty perceptions of tenure in parks, recreation, and tourism. To answer our research questions, we designed a 26-item survey and posted it on The Academy of Leisure Sciences listserv (ALSnet). We received 149 usable responses to the survey and grouped the results into the categories of: earning tenure, tenure's meaning, expectations of tenured faculty, post-tenure review, and fixed-term contracts as an alternative to tenure. We also analyzed our overall findings to investigate parks, recreation, and tourism (PRT) faculty members' perceptions of tenure for statistically significant differences by sex, academic rank and tenure status, and institutional type. The results of the study confirm many long-held assumptions about the importance of tenure for job security and academic freedom, as well as indicating some blueprints for building a career in higher education based on institutional type (bachelor's and master's degree-granting teaching universities versus doctoral degree-granting research universities). We discuss the implications of the blueprints for individuals considering a tenure track position in higher education, and then conclude by discussing the study's limitations and making several recommendations for future research, including differentiated workloads, reward structures, and the responsiveness of post-tenure reviews.