Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Training on the job: behavioral analysis of job interviews in hospitality

First impressions play a critical role in the hospitality industry and have been shown to be closely linked to the behavior of the person being judged.In this work, we implemented a behavioral training framework for hospitality students with the goal of improving the impressions that other people make about them. We outline the challenges associated with designing such a framework and embedding it in the everyday practice of a real hospitality school. We collected a dataset of 169 laboratory sessions where two role-plays were conducted, job interviews and reception desk scenarios, for a total of 338 interactions. For job interviews, we evaluated the relationship between automatically extracted nonverbal cues and various perceived social variables in a correlation analysis. Furthermore, our system automatically predicted first impressions from job interviews in a regression task, and was able to explain up to 32% of the variance, thus extending the results in existing literature, and showing gender differences, corroborating previous findings in psychology. This work constitutes a step towards applying social sensing technologies to the real world by designing and implementing a living lab for students of an international hospitality management school.
Incidence Rate of Post-Intubation Tracheal Stenosis in Patients Admitted to Five Intensive Care Units in Iran

Background Tracheal stenosis is one of the worst complications associated with endotracheal intubation and it is the most common reason for reconstructive airway surgeries. Due to various local risk factors, the incidence rate of tracheal stenosis may vary in different countries. In order to estimate the incidence rate of post-intubation tracheal stenosis (PITS) in patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU), a follow-up study was planned. As there was no similar methodological model in the literature, a feasibility step was also designed to examine the whole project and to enhance the follow-up rate. Objectives To estimate the PITS incidence rate in patients admitted to ICUs, as well as to evaluate the feasibility of the study. Methods This prospective cohort study was conducted in five hospitals in two provinces (Tehran and Arak) of Iran from November 2011 to March 2013. All patients admitted to ICUs who underwent more than 24 hours of endotracheal intubation were included. Upon their discharge from the ICUs, the patients received oral and written educational materials intended to ensure a more successful follow-up. The patients were asked to come back for follow-up three months after their extubation, or sooner in case of any symptoms developing. Those with dyspnea or stridor underwent a bronchoscopy. The asymptomatic patients were given a spirometry and then they underwent a bronchoscopy if the flow-volume loop suggested airway stenosis. Results Some seventy-three patients (70% men) were included in the study. Multiple trauma secondary to motor vehicle accidents (52%) was the most common cause of intubation. Follow-ups were completed in only 14 (19.2%, CI = 0.109 - 0.300) patients. One patient (7%, CI = 0.007 - 0.288) developed symptomatic tracheal stenosis that was confirmed by bronchoscopy. The barriers to a successful follow-up were assessed on three levels: ineffective oral education upon discharge, improper usage of educational materials, and difficulties to attending follow-up visits. There were also some important obstacles in terms of human, time, material, and cost resources, as well as data management. Conclusions To enhance the follow-up rate, three strategies were proposed: patient-focused strategies such as emphasizing patient education upon discharge and providing rewards; structural-focused strategies such as scheduling home visits and uploading questionnaires onto the research center’s website; and provider-focused strategies such as selecting coordinators with good communication skills. All necessary resources should also be re-arranged for a multicenter national study.
In Search of the Optimal Surgical Treatment for Velopharyngeal Dysfunction in 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome: A Systematic Review

Background Patients with the 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22qDS) and velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) tend to have residual VPD following surgery. This systematic review seeks to determine whether a particular surgical procedure results in superior speech outcome or less morbidity. Methodology/ Principal Findings A combined computerized and hand-search yielded 70 studies, of which 27 were deemed relevant for this review, reporting on a total of 525 patients with 22qDS and VPD undergoing surgery for VPD. All studies were levels 2c or 4 evidence. The methodological quality of these studies was assessed using criteria based on the Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing risk of bias. Heterogeneous groups of patients were reported on in the studies. The surgical procedure was often tailored to findings on preoperative imaging. Overall, 50% of patients attained normal resonance, 48% attained normal nasal emissions scores, and 83% had understandable speech postoperatively. However, 5% became hyponasal, 1% had obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and 17% required further surgery. There were no significant differences in speech outcome between patients who underwent a fat injection, Furlow or intravelar veloplasty, pharyngeal flap pharyngoplasty, Honig pharyngoplasty, or sphincter pharyngoplasty or Hynes procedures. There was a trend that a lower percentage of patients attained normal resonance after a fat injection or palatoplasty than after the more obstructive pharyngoplasties (11–18% versus 44–62%, p = 0.08). Only patients who underwent pharyngeal flaps or sphincter pharyngoplasties incurred OSA, yet this was not statistically significantly more often than after other procedures (p = 0.25). More patients who underwent a palatoplasty needed further surgery than those who underwent a pharyngoplasty (50% versus 7–13%, p = 0.03). Conclusions/ Significance In the heterogeneous group of patients with 22qDS and VPD, a grade C recommendation can be made to minimize the morbidity of further surgery by choosing to perform a pharyngoplasty directly instead of only a palatoplasty.
Spectrum sensing based on spectral correlation for cognitive radio systems

Cognitive radio (CR) technology promises to offer viable solutions to address the problem of limited spectrum resources availability. One key element in CR functionality is being able to perform dynamic spectrum access, as it offers the possibility for unlicensed users to access unoccupied licensed frequency bands. For cognitive networks to operate efficiently, secondary users should be able to detect the presence of primary users, thus a critical function that a CR equipment has to perform is the spectrum sensing one. In this paper spectrum sensing methods based on cyclostationary features of the observed signals are discussed. Theoretical aspects regarding spectral correlation are presented, followed by experimental sensing results obtained using various signals and environment parameters.
Parental Ethnic-Racial Socialization in Multiracial Mexican Families

ABSTRACT Empirical studies of parental ethnic-racial socialization are constricted to single-race or monoracial youths. This has led to a monocentric conceptualization of ethnic-racial socialization, one that negates the experiences of the growing population of multiracial youths. This exploratory qualitative secondary analysis (QSA) examined messages of ethnic-racial socialization present in multiracial Mexican families. These messages were compared and contrasted to existing conceptualizations of parental ethnic-racial socialization, those more representative of single-race or monoracial youths. In addition, this study utilized an ecological model of multiracial identity development to examine how parental ethnic-racial socialization messages inform different identity types associated with the multiracial experience. Findings generated from this study extend the field of familial racial-ethnic socialization to further encompass and more accurately represent the growing population of multiracial youths and their families. Implications for future research and practice with multiracial individuals and families are discussed.
Differential effects of zeta and eta transgenes on early alpha/beta T cell development

The zeta-family dimers (zeta, eta, and gamma) are a group of structurally and functionally related proteins that are expressed in developing thymocytes and function as signal transducing subunits of the T cell antigen receptor (TCR) and certain Ig Fc receptors. Zeta, eta, and gamma each contain one or more copies of a conserved tyrosine- based activation motif (TAM) that is known to be required for signal transduction. To examine the developmental importance of multiple or individual TAM elements we generated transgenic mice that express: (a) full-length (FL) zeta-chain (3 TAMs); (b) eta-chain, a naturally occurring variant of zeta that is derived from alternative splicing (2 TAMs); or (c) truncated zeta-chain (CT108; 1 TAM), under the control of the human CD2 promoter and regulatory elements. Unexpectedly, we found that overexpression of the FL zeta chain caused premature termination of RAG-1 and RAG-2 expression, prevented productive rearrangement of the TCR-alpha and TCR-beta genes and blocked entry of thymocytes into the CD4/CD8 developmental pathway. In contrast, we found that overexpression of eta or CT108 had no effect on normal thymocyte maturation. These results suggest that an early signaling pathway exists in precursor TCR- thymocytes that can regulate RAG-1 and RAG-2 expression and is differentially responsive to individual members of the zeta-family dimers.
Optimal Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting With Limited Energy Arrival Knowledge

We develop optimal sleeping and harvesting policies for radio frequency (RF) energy harvesting devices, formalizing the following intuition: when the ambient RF energy is low, devices consume more energy being awake than what can be harvested and should enter sleep mode; when the ambient RF energy is high, on the other hand, it is essential to wake up and harvest. Toward this end, we consider a scenario with intermittent energy arrivals described by a two-state Gilbert-Elliott Markov chain model. The challenge is that the state of the Markov chain can only be observed during the harvesting action, and not while in sleep mode. Two scenarios are studied under this model. In the first scenario, we assume that the transition probabilities of the Markov chain are known and formulate the problem as a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP). We prove that the optimal policy has a threshold structure and derive the optimal decision parameters. In the practical scenario where the ratio between the reward and the penalty is neither too large nor too small, the POMDP framework and the threshold-based optimal policies are very useful for finding non-trivial optimal sleeping times. In the second scenario, we assume that the Markov chain parameters are unknown and formulate the problem as a Bayesian adaptive POMDP and propose a heuristic posterior sampling algorithm to reduce the computational complexity. The performance of our approaches is demonstrated via numerical examples.
Monolayer curvature stabilizes nanoscale raft domains in mixed lipid bilayers

According to the lipid raft hypothesis, biological lipid membranes are laterally heterogeneous and filled with nanoscale ordered “raft” domains, which are believed to play an important role for the organization of proteins in membranes. However, the mechanisms stabilizing such small rafts are not clear, and even their existence is sometimes questioned. Here, we report the observation of raft-like structures in a coarse-grained molecular model for multicomponent lipid bilayers. On small scales, our membranes demix into a liquid ordered (lo) phase and a liquid disordered (ld) phase. On large scales, phase separation is suppressed and gives way to a microemulsion-type state that contains nanometer-sized lo domains in an ld environment. Furthermore, we introduce a mechanism that generates rafts of finite size by a coupling between monolayer curvature and local composition. We show that mismatch between the spontaneous curvatures of monolayers in the lo and ld phases induces elastic interactions, which reduce the line tension between the lo and ld phases and can stabilize raft domains with a characteristic size of the order of a few nanometers. Our findings suggest that rafts in multicomponent bilayers might be closely related to the modulated ripple phase in one-component bilayers.
Impact of Marital Status on Mental Health of Working Women

Mental health can be defined as the ability to make adequate social and emotional adjustments to the environment, on the plane of reality. Mental health of working women was assessed in the present study. Marital status of women strongly impacts the mental health and their performance at job. Hence the present study focuses on Impact of marital status on mental health of working women. The study was carried out in Lucknow on the women working in various institutions using stratified random sampling technique. A total of 90 working women were selected from various sectors. Self made questionnaire for the assessment of mental health was used in the present research. Research revealed that marital status has significant impact on the mental health of working women. The multifaceted stress of married working women with responsibilities at various arenas may be the reason for their weaker mental health. Proper counseling time appropriation and meditation may be the best remedies for the improvement in their mental health. Keyword: mental health, marital status, marital adjustment, working women.
The Performance of Multi-Factor Term Structure Models for Pricing and Hedging Caps and Swaptions

Abstract We empirically compare a wide range of term structure models used in the pricing and, in particular, hedging of caps and swaptions. We analyze the influence of the number of factors on the hedging and pricing results, and investigate the type of data—interest rate or derivative price—in combination with the estimation technique that should be used to obtain the best hedging and pricing results. We use data on interest rates, and cap and swaption prices from 1995–1999. The empirical results show that, if the number of hedge instruments is equal to the number of factors, multi-factor models outperform one-factor models in hedging caps and swaptions. However, if one uses a large set of hedge instruments, one-factor models perform as well as multi-factor models. We find that models with two or three factors imply better out-of-sample predictions of cap and swaption prices than one-factor models. Estimation on the basis of current derivative prices leads to more accurate out-of-sample prediction of cap and swaption prices than estimation on the basis of interest rate data.
Research of elevator group scheduling system based on reinforcement learning algorithm

Elevator group control system (EGCS) is a complex decision-making system, which has characteristics of multi-objective, randomness and nonlinear. It is difficult to adopt precise mathematical models describing. This paper introduces a new elevator dynamic scheduling system based on reinforcement learning algorithm. We trade reinforcement learning algorithm as the way to learn the optimal strategy in the course of interacting with the environment. Average waiting time and average riding time are optimized indicators. Combine with the value iteration algorithm called Q-learning to construct the whole algorithm for elevator group scheduling. The simulation result shows great superior and feasibility for elevator dynamic scheduling system based on reinforcement learning algorithm.
Effects of nicotine in the dopaminergic system of mice lacking the alpha4 subunit of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors

The mesostriatal dopaminergic system influences locomotor activity and the reinforcing properties of many drugs of abuse including nicotine. Here we investigate the role of the α4 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) subunit in mediating the effects of nicotine in the mesolimbic dopamine system in mice lacking the α4 subunit. We show that there are two distinct populations of receptors in the substantia nigra and striatum by using autoradiographic labelling with 125I α‐conotoxin MII. These receptors are comprised of the α4, β2 and α6 nAChR subunits and non‐α4, β2, and α6 nAChR subunits. Non‐α4 subunit‐containing nAChRs are located on dopaminergic neurons, are functional and respond to nicotine as demonstrated by patch clamp recordings. In vivo microdialysis performed in awake, freely moving mice reveal that mutant mice have basal striatal dopamine levels which are twice as high as those observed in wild‐type mice. Despite the fact that both wild‐type and α4 null mutant mice show a similar increase in dopamine release in response to intrastriatal KCl perfusion, a nicotine‐elicited increase in dopamine levels is not observed in mutant mice. Locomotor activity experiments show that there is no difference between wild‐type and mutant mice in basal activity in both habituated and non‐habituated environments. Interestingly, mutant mice sustain an increase in cocaine‐elicited locomotor activity longer than wild‐type mice. In addition, mutant mice recover from depressant locomotor activity in response to nicotine at a faster rate. Our results indicate that α4‐containing nAChRs exert a tonic control on striatal basal dopamine release, which is mediated by a heterogeneous population of nAChRs.
A NOTE ON MIS-SPECIFIED ESTIMATING FUNCTIONS

We consider the use of estimating functions that are not unbiased. Typ- ically, to result in consistent estimators, unbiasedness of estimating functions is a pre-requisite. However, it is sometimes easier to find a useful estimating function that is biased, especially in the presence of missing data or misclassified observa- tions. We show that the root of the estimating function can be modified to give a consistent and asymptotically normal estimator, and illustrate this on several ex- amples with binary data. We compare this to the alternative approach of adjusting the estimating function, and show that it can be more efficient.
MOIRCS Deep Survey. II. Clustering Properties of K-Band Selected Galaxies in GOODS-North Region

We present the first measurement of clustering properties of low-mass galaxies with a stellar mass down to M� � 10 9 Mat 1 1.3 show a large bias of b � 7.2 ˙ 1.3 on scales of up to � � 100 00 or 3.1 comoving Mpc, while blue galaxies with 0.5 <JK< 1.3 have a weak clustering signal on large scales, but a possible strong small-scale excess at �< 10 00 . F or massive galaxies with M� & 10 10 Mˇ ,w e estimate the correlation length and bias to be r0 � 4.5 h � 1 Mpc and b = 1.9 - 3.5, which are much larger than those of low-mass (M� � 10 9 -10 10 Mˇ) galaxies. The comparison of our measurements with analytic CDM models constrains the properties of hosting dark halos, and indicates that the low-mass galaxies would be progenitors of galaxies with a typical luminosity of L. L� in th el ocal Universe. The blue galaxies in low-mass samples are more strongly clustered in more massive halos with higher occupation numbers than low-mass red galaxies. This fact suggests an environment effect due to the halo mass on the star-formation activity at high-z.
Metal abundances of RR Lyrae stars in the bar of the Large Magellanic Cloud

Metallicities ((Fe/H)) from low resolution spectroscopy obtained with the Very Large Telescope (VLT) are presented for 98 RR Lyrae and 3 short period Cepheids in the bar of the Large Magellanic Cloud. Our metal abundances have typical errors of ±0.17 dex. The average metallicity of the RR Lyrae stars is (Fe/H) = −1.48 ± 0.03 ± 0.06 on the scale of Harris (1996). The star-to-star scatter (0.29 dex) is larger than the observational errors, indicating a real spread in metal abundances. The derived metallicities cover the range −2.12 −1. For the ab-type variables we compared our spectroscopic abundances with those obtained from the Fourier decomposition of the light curves. We find good agreement between the two techniques, once the systematic offset of 0.2 dex between the metallicity scales used in the two methods is taken into account. The spectroscopic metallicities were combined with the dereddened apparent magnitudes of the variables to derive the slope of the luminosity-metallicity relation for the LMC RR Lyrae stars: the resulting value is 0.214 ± 0.047 mag/dex. Finally, the 3 short period Cepheids have (Fe/H) values in the range −2.0 < (Fe/H) < −1.5. They are more metal-poor than typical LMC RR Lyrae stars, thus they are more likely to be Anomalous Cepheids rather than the short period Classical Cepheids that are often found in a number of dwarf Irregular galaxies.
Students’ choices and achievement in large undergraduate classes using a novel flexible assessment approach

Abstract A flexible approach to assessment may promote students’ engagement and academic achievement by allowing them to personalise their learning experience, even in the context of large undergraduate classes. However, studies reporting flexible assessment strategies and their impact are limited. In this paper, I present a feasible and effective approach to flexible assessment, describe choices made by 2016 students in 12 sections of two different courses using this approach, and explore associations between students’ choices and academic achievement. Students decided at the beginning of the term whether they would use the assessment scheme proposed by the instructor or modify it by selecting (from within ranges provided) which assessments they would complete and the value of each in calculating their final grade. Most students (62%) made some change, but many (38%) opted to use the suggested values. Students did not choose to minimise their workload by selecting the fewest assessments possible. Opting out of a large assignment was the most common change, but the majority (69%) completed the assignment and almost all (95%) included quizzes based on readings. Different choices were not associated with notable differences in achievement: midterm score was the most important predictor of performance on a cumulative final examination.
Karl Marx and British Socialism

There are many conceptual and historical connections between Marx’s writings on the one hand, and politics and culture in nineteenth-century Britain on the other. However, these connections are neither widely recognised nor well understood. In particular, there is a pervasive tendency to treat Marx’s thought as a predominantly continental creation with a limited and largely posthumous impact on British society. In what follows, I say something about that posthumous impact, but concentrate on some neglected evidence of Marx’s links with British politics and culture during his lifetime.