Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prediction of response to docetaxel by CYP3A4 mRNA expression in breast cancer tissues

We studied the relationship between response of breast cancer to docetaxel (DOC) or cylophosphamide + epirubucin (CE) treatment and CYP3A4 mRNA expression in breast tumors. CYP3A4 inactivates DOC but not E, which is a predominant effector in CE treatment. Twenty patients with locally advanced breast tumors and 18 patients with locally recurrent tumors underwent tumor biopsy before chemotherapy, and CYP3A4 mRNA expression levels in tumor tissues were assayed by real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Twenty‐three patients were treated with DOC (60 mg/m2 q3w) and 15 patients were treated with CE (C 600 mg/m2 and E 60 mg/m2 q3w). Patients with low CYP3A4 mRNA levels (n = 14) exhibited a significantly (p < 0.01) higher response rate (71%) to DOC treatment than those (n = 9) with high CYP3A4 mRNA levels (response rate, 11%). Positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy of CYP3A4 mRNA levels in the prediction of response to DOC were 71, 89, and 78%, respectively. However, no significant association was observed between CYP3A4 mRNA expression and response to CE treatment. These results suggest that intratumoral CYP3A4 mRNA levels might be useful as a predictor of response to DOC treatment, but not to CE treatment, in breast cancer patients. The increased inactivation of DOC by CYP3A4 in tumor tissues may play some role in the acquisition of resistance to DOC. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Political Economy of Urban Revitalization

The Marxian and pluralist approaches to the study of inner-city revitalization are described and contrasted. Each approach works from different assumptions about the role of the state, the functions of economic development, and the causes of urban change. However, the approaches agree that there is mutual interdependence among cultural, political, economic, and ecological determinants of gentrification, and this is seen as a basis for a possible synthesis that would enhance the usefulness of future research.
A review of the literature on the midwife and community-based maternity care.

OBJECTIVE to review the UK literature relating to community-based maternity care. DESIGN all UK research studies published between 1970 and 1998 relating to community-based maternity care were included. Searches were made via a number of electronic databases using defined search terms. All papers included were independently reviewed by a minimum of two researchers. Study findings were tabulated using a pro-forma. Findings are summarised in this paper. FINDINGS a total of 241 papers were deemed to meet all inclusion criteria. The majority of studies used descriptive methods with only 11 papers reporting findings from randomised controlled trials. Findings are reported relating to clinical outcomes, the care process and the views of women and health professionals. CONCLUSION AND POLICY IMPLICATIONS: the overall quality of the evidence in the papers reviewed was very mixed. What limited evidence there is suggests that, for the majority of women, care in community settings is as safe and as acceptable to women as care provided in hospital. Despite a large volume of literature, the amount that is known about midwives' contribution to care, and what women think about it, is limited. There is a need for controlled studies to compare outcomes for different patterns of care and for well-designed observational studies to provide information on the care process.
Under‐reporting of serious adverse drug reactions in Sweden

Adverse drug reactions (ADR) constitute a major problem, both from a medical point of view and as an economical burden. Spontaneous reporting of ADRs is one of the methods for post marketing surveillance of drug safety. Under‐reporting can also provide an important obstacle to rapid and relevant signal detection.
Excitation-Transcription Coupling Mediated by Zinc Influx through Voltage-dependent Calcium Channels (*)

Electrical activity initiates a program of selective gene expression in excitable cells. Although such transcriptional activation is commonly attributed to depolarization-induced changes in intracellular Ca, zinc represents a viable alternative given its prominent role as a cofactor in DNA-binding proteins coupled with evidence that Zn can enter excitable cells in a voltage-dependent manner. Here it is shown that Zn entry into heart cells depends upon electrical stimulation and occurs via dihydropyridine-sensitive Ca channels. The addition of extracellular Zn to spontaneously depolarizing GH3 pituitary tumor cells induced the expression of a reporter gene driven by the metallothionein promoter, an effect that was prevented by exposure to dihydropyridine Ca channel blockers. Thus, Zn influx through L-type Ca channels can mediate voltage-dependent gene expression.
Enhancing value for money in public private partnership projects

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to study the measures that enhance value for money (VFM) in public private partnership (PPP) projects from the findings achieved in a questionnaire survey. The questionnaire survey was conducted in Hong Kong (also known as the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region) and Australia, and is compared to the results conducted by other researchers in the UK.Design/methodology/approach – Respondents to the questionnaire were asked to rate 18 VFM measures in PPP projects.Findings – The results found that the top five VFM measures ranked by the respondents from Hong Kong included: efficient risk allocation (allocating the risk to the party best able to manage it); output‐based specification; competitive tender; private management skill; and private sector technical innovation. The first and second of these VFM measures were also found to be ranked high by the respondents from Australia and the UK, indicating that these were true for these jurisdictions.Practical implications.
Clinical Profile and Outcome of Pediatrics Tetanus: The Experience of a Tertiary Hospital in Ethiopia

Background Tetanus is an acute vaccine preventable illness manifested by neuromuscular dysfunction due to a potent exotoxin, tetanospasmin produced by Clostridium tetani. It is a common health problem in developing countries like Ethiopia. The aim of this study was to assess clinical profile and outcome of Pediatrics tetanus in a referral hospital, South Ethiopia. Methods This is a retrospective cross-sectional study of medical records of 24 Pediatric tetanus patients who were admitted from July 2014 to June 2016 to the Pediatrics Department of Hawassa University Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Hawassa-Ethiopia. Tetanus was diagnosed clinically. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS statistical software. Results The median age at diagnosis was 8 years with 19 (79.2%)of the study subjects being males. There were 3 male neonatal tetanus cases with 2 deaths. From post-neonatal cases, only 8(38.1%) were fully vaccinated for infant Expanded Period of Immunization (EPI). Booster vaccination with TT (tetanus toxoid) was only given to 5(29.4%) of discharged patients. Trauma was common in above 5 years of age and documented in 19(79.2%) of patients. All tetanus cases were generalized type with mild, moderate and severe grades comprising 7(29.2%), 8(33.3%), 7(29.2%) and 2(8.3%) respectively. Case fatality rate was 29.2% (7) with more deaths in higher grades. Respiratory failure 6(85.7%), and aspiration pneumonia 1(14.3%) were causes of death. Conclusion In this study, case fatality rate was high. Hence, health promotion with scale-up of EPI for infant tetanus immunization and large scale studies to provide support for booster vaccination schedules are recommended.
The adoption and diffusion of human resources information systems in Singapore

This study examines the relationship between innovation, organizational and environmental characteristics, and the adoption of HRIS. Discriminant analysis of the data reveals that departmental relative advantage, compatibility, top management support, organization size and HRIS expertise are positively related to the adoption of HRIS. The study also examines if there is a relationship between the extent of HRIS adoption (measured by the number of workstations used for HRM and the total number of HRIS applications) and innovation, organizational and environmental variables. The results indicate that organization size has a significant relationship with the extent of HRIS adoption. Top management support is only significant in the regression with total number of HRIS applications as the dependent variable, while competition is only significant in the regression with number of workstations as the dependent variable. Implications of the results are discussed.
Germ-line elimination of electric charge on pre–T-cell receptor (TCR) impairs autonomous signaling for β-selection and TCR repertoire formation

The pre–T-cell receptor (TCR) is crucial for the early T-cell development, but the ligand for pre-TCR remains unidentified. We recently proposed a model that pre-TCR complexes oligomerize spontaneously through interactions of the pre-TCRα chain. To investigate the mechanism underlying this ligand-independent signaling in vivo, we established knock-in mice that express a pre-TCRα mutant lacking charged amino acids (D22R24R102R117 to A22A24A102A117; 4A). CD4+CD8+ thymocyte number was significantly reduced in invariant pre-TCRα (pTα4A/4A) mice, whereas CD4−CD8− thymocytes were unaffected. The percentages of double-negative 3 (DN3) cells and γδ T cells were increased in the pTα4A/4A thymus, indicating that β-selection is impaired in pTα4A/4A mice. Pre-TCR–mediated tyrosine phosphorylation and clonal expansion into double-positive thymocytes were also defective in the knock-in mice. Pre-TCR was expressed at higher levels on pTα4A/4A cell surfaces than on those of the wild type, suggesting that the charged residues in pTα are critical for autonomous engagement and subsequent internalization of pre-TCR. Pre-TCR–mediated allelic exclusion of the TCRβ gene was also inhibited in pTα4A/4A mice, and thereby, dual TCRβs were expressed on pTα4A/4A T cells. Furthermore, the TCRβ chain variable region (Vβ) repertoire of mature T cells was significantly altered in pTα4A/4A mice. These results suggest that charged residues of pTα are critical for β-selection, allelic exclusion, and TCRβ repertoire formation.
Essential High-Moral Trusted Transformational Leadership in Democratic Work Organizations, Problems and a Solution

Research on cooperatives and other democratic work organizations (DWOs) has rarely alluded to the leadership required to retain egalitarian and democratic principles amid success and growth despite the tendency of successful trustful transformational leaders to become dysfunctional self-perpetuators and stop risky innovation that would advance DWO principles. Dysfunction is concealed by the use of powers and capitals, leading to distrust, brain-drain and collapse or abandonment of DWO principles. Problematic trust and leadership concepts have helped to veil leaders’ prime role in these negative events. Their timely succession just as they change course and begin to eliminate critical thinkers and innovators, before they become irreplaceable, is decisive for DWOs longevity, but no solution to this problem has been devised. Analysis of such negative events in the kibbutz field augmented by studies of DWOs, leadership and trust offers ideas for a solution.
Stability of drinking water distribution network

We strive to prove stability of a hydraulic network, where the pressure at the end user is controlled with PI control. The non-polynomial model is represented by numerous polynomial systems defined on sub-sets of ℝn. The sub-sets are defined by compact basic semi-algebraic sets. The stability of the PI-controller is proved by designing a Lyapunov function which fulfils different criteria in different sub-sets of ℝn. We find a polynomial Lyapunov function for the system using SOSTOOLS supported by Putinar's Positivstellensatz.
The role of customer values in accepting information technologies in the public information service sector

Many government agencies have outsourced their information systems to software vendors. Firms in the information service industry have to realize the needs of customers in the public sector. This study investigated the causal relationship between users' perception and information technology acceptance. Empirical results suggest that the perceived value of users plays an important and mediating role in the causal relationship among social influence process, cognitive instrumental process, and intention to use.
Coherent oscillations in monkey motor cortex and hand muscle EMG show task‐dependent modulation

1 Recordings were made of local field potential (slow waves) and pyramidal tract neurone (PTN) discharge from pairs of sites separated by a horizontal distance of up to 1.5 mm in the primary motor cortex of two conscious macaque monkeys performing a precision grip task. 2 In both monkeys, the slow wave recordings showed bursts of oscillations in the 20–30 Hz range. Spectral analysis revealed that the oscillations were coherent between the two simultaneously recorded cortical sites. In the monkey from which most data were recorded, the mean frequency of peak coherence was 23.4 Hz. 3 Coherence in this frequency range was also seen between cortical slow wave recordings and rectified EMG of hand and forearm muscles active during the task, and between pairs of rectified EMGs. 4 The dynamics of the coherence were investigated by analysing short, quasi‐stationary data segments aligned relative to task performance. This revealed that the 20–30 Hz coherent oscillations were present mainly during the hold phase of the precision grip task. 5 The spikes of identified PTNs were used to compile spike‐triggered averages of the slow wave recordings. Oscillations were seen in 11/17 averages of the slow wave recorded on the same electrode as the triggering spike, and 11/17 averages of the slow wave recorded on the distant electrode. The mean period of these oscillations was 45.8 ms. 6 It is concluded that oscillations in the range 20–30 Hz are present in monkey motor cortex, are coherent between spatially separated cortical sites, and encompass the pyramidal tract output neurones. They are discernable in the EMG of active muscles, and show a consistent task‐dependent modulation.
From disconfirmation to switching: an empirical investigation of switching intentions after service failure and recovery

This research proposes and empirically tests a customer switching intentions model from a disconfirmation perspective in a service failure and recovery context. Specifically, the research examines how initial (discrepancy between service failure expectation and service performance) and recovery (discrepancy between recovery expectation and recovery performance) disconfirmations influence satisfaction when a service failure occurs and a recovery offer is given, and subsequently impact switching intentions. The results support the hypotheses that both initial and recovery disconfirmations influence switching intentions via satisfaction. In addition, switching costs directly influence switching intentions and also moderate the effect of satisfaction on switching intentions.
Conceptions of Equity: How Influential Actors View a Contested Concept

Discussions of educational equity have played an important role in educational policy in the United States over the past 50 years, and advocates with a broad range of perspectives on reform have sought to claim the equity mantle. In this article, I examine aspects of equity, including the distribution of “inputs” to public education, the process of delivering education, and the outcomes of the educational process. I surveyed a series of experts in educational policy to identify influential actors in national debates. Based on that survey, I conducted 12 semistructured interviews with individuals and representatives of organizations identified as “influential,” and collected documents from the same groups. Beliefs about equity among those with influence are both nuanced and, at times, in tension with other perspectives on equity. Important areas of common ground include an emphasis on outcomes as an important component of an equitable system of public education and a focus on groups identified as having been treated inequitably in the past. Despite common ground, critical differences emerged throughout this process. One clear point of differentiation was between those who focused on addressing issues of equity through market-oriented reforms and those who focused more on issues of school-level practices.
Migrant selectivity urbanization and industrial revolutions.

During Englands urbanization over the century 1776-1871 immigration played a far greater role than it has in the countries of the Third World. Owing to the concentration of immigrants in the age group 15-29 years dependency rates were far lower in the cities than in the countryside while labor participation rates were higher. This young-adult selectivity bias diminished the requirements for factor transfers between lagging agricultural areas and booming industrial centers and augmented the ability of cities to save while lowering their relief burdens. In time it also enabled cities to satisfy their growing labor force requirements through natural increase thus diminishing their need for more immigrants. (SUMMARY IN FRE AND SPA) (EXCERPT)
FREQUENCY AND SEVERITY OF DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS AMONG DIABETIC PATIENTS

One hundred patients of Diabetes Mellitus (30 insulin dependent and 70 non-insulin dependent) were studied for frequency and severity of depressive symptoms. The subjects were evaluated on Schedule for Standardised Assessment of Affective Disorder (SADD) and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD). Result show that symptoms such as depressed mood-decreased work and activities and loss of weight were present in more than 60% of patients belonging to insulin and non-insulin dependent diabetics. Severity of depressive symptoms as rated on HRSD were significantly higher (P < .001) in insulin dependent patients as compared to non-insulin dependent diabetics.
Examining the Differences in Self- and Publicly Supplied Firms' Water Demands

This research examines the factors influencing the decision made by manufacturing firms regarding their source of water supply and tests whether self-supplied firms exhibit demands for intake water different from firms supplied by a public utility. The first stage of the estimation model involves a Probit analysis of the supply-source choice and the second stage employs a regression model with endogenous switching to estimate the demand equations for the two types of firms. Results indicate that economic factors such as annual connection fees influence the supply-source decision.
Research on the optimal number of cluster heads of wireless sensor networks based on Multihop-LEACH

LEACH protocol was first proposed as a low-power adaptive hierarchical routing algorithm for wireless sensor networks, which lay a foundation for most scholars who study the hierarchical routing protocols. The majority of studies are based on the condition that the number of cluster heads is fixed and the base station is far away from the monitored area which is not suited for the situation when the base station is located at the center of area or when cluster head multi-hops mechanism was introduced into LEACH protocol. The number of cluster head is one of the key factors of influencing the performance of clustering network, so it's worth to do some research on this aspect. In this paper, an expression is given to define the optimal number of cluster heads based on Multihop-LEACH which was verified by simulation. Theory and simulation show that the expression can be more accurate to calculate the optimal number of cluster heads under high network density.
A frequency domain method for speech separation in a reverberant room

The paper presents an experimental implementation of a speech separation system. Two sources (loudspeakers) and two sensors in a reverberant room are considered. First, the room impulse responses from each source to each sensor are determined. Then, two speech signals are played to the loudspeakers and the two mixtures are recorded by the two sensors. Using the Fourier transforms of the mixtures and room impulse responses, the original speech signals are separated.
A Sacred Cow or Just a Lot of Bull? Party and PAC Money in State Legislative Elections

This research analyzes the strategies and behaviors of political action committees (PACs) and political parties with regard to campaign contributions to state legislative candidates. Utilizing data from three states-New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and North Carolina, we find that PACs contribute disproportionately to incumbents, with little regard to the expected competitiveness of the election. We also find evidence that PACs are somewhat more likely to fund members of the majority party. In contrast, we find that political party organizations exhibit a different strategy, and that this strategy varies according to the minority/majority status of the legislative party. Specifically, we find minority parties develop an "additive" strategy, one aimed at increasing their numbers in the legislature. Majority parties are more likely to develop a "protectionist" strategy, one which favors incumbents, especially vulnerable incumbents. The purpose of this article is to analyze the strategies of political action committees (PACs) and political parties in making contributions to state legislative election campaigns. It is intended to advance our understanding of the financing of state legislative election campaigns through the collection and analysis of comparable data from recent legislative elections in three states: New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and North Carolina. Previous research has indicated that PACs give their money predominantly to incumbents. Most PACs appear to be primarily interested in obtain
Increase of glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow by insulin‐like growth factor‐1 during euglycaemic clamping in anaesthetized rats

Abstract. Renal function was studied in anaesthetized rats receiving i.v. infusions of recombinant human insulin‐like growth factor‐I (IGF‐I) under euglycaemic clamp conditions. IGF‐I increased glomerular filtration rate up to 35% and renal plasma flow up to 100%, this increase being dose dependent with half‐maximal stimulation at serum IGF‐I concentrations of about 24 pmol ml‐1. Renal vascular resistance was reduced up to 50%, filtration fraction decreased up to 30% and urine flow increased up to three fold while arterial blood pressure was unchanged. Renal haemodynamics were affected at serum IGF‐I concentrations that did not stimulate total body glucose disposal during euglycaemic clamping. IGF‐I seemed to regulate renal function through IGF‐I receptors apparently independent of acute changes of glucose metabolism.