Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Indigenous Chinese HRM research: phenomena, methods, and challenges

Purpose – This article aims to highlight major unique Chinese organizational phenomena and delineate associated qualitative methods for exploratory inquiries and to focus on perceived challenges in developing indigenous knowledge in HRD and related management fields.Design/methodology/approach – The author takes an in‐outsider position and adopts an observational and reflexive approach to the phenomena, methods and challenges important for indigenous Chinese HRM research.Findings – The paper presents six major indigenous phenomena commonly seen in Chinese organizations. With a recent study exploring one of the phenomena, it discusses how grounded theory and phenomenology methods, combined with reflexivity, may be embraced for exploratory indigenous research. It also delineates challenges for indigenous Chinese HRM research.Research limitations/implications – Indigenous research is the first and necessary stage to understand unique and indigenous Chinese organizational phenomena. With appropriate qualitati.
Computational Models of Object Recognition in Cortex: A Review

Understanding how biological visual systems perform object recognition is one of the ultimate goals in computational neuroscience. Among the biological models of recognition the main distinctions are between feedforward and feedback and between object-centered and view-centered. From a computational viewpoint the different recognition tasks — for instance categorization and identification — are very similar, representing different trade-offs between specificity and invariance. Thus the different tasks do not strictly require different classes of models. The focus of the review is on feedforward, view-based models that are supported by psychophysical and physiological data.
Intrinsic Motivation and Self-esteem in Traditional and Mature Students at a Post-1992 University in the North-east of England

Recent figures have suggested that the composition of the student body is already changing in terms of mature and traditional student learner numbers--while 24% of full time students were over the age of 21 in 1980, this figure rose to 33% by 1996 (Merrill, 1999). Using the Intrinsic Motivation towards Learning Questionnaire (Whitehead, 1984) and the Rosenberg Global Self-Esteem Questionnaire (Rosenberg, 1965), the current study documents the relationship between intrinsic motivation towards learning and self-esteem in traditional and mature students, in order to compare these groups in their approach to learning. Results from sample size of 160 research participants indicated that self-esteem and intrinsic motivation towards learning were significantly associated. Mature women students had the highest intrinsic motivation scores, as well as the highest self-esteem scores in the sample. The findings are discussed in the light of previous research, which suggests that mature women students are vulnerable learners in higher education institutions and the study's conclusion draws attention to the current UK Government policy's commitment to expand student numbers.
Network sensitivity to hot-potato disruptions

Hot-potato routing is a mechanism employed when there are multiple (equally good) interdomain routes available for a given destination. In this scenario, the Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) selects the interdomain route associated with the closest egress point based upon intradomain path costs. Consequently, intradomain routing changes can impact interdomain routing and cause abrupt swings of external routes, which we call hot-potato disruptions. Recent work has shown that hot-potato disruptions can have a substantial impact on large ISP backbones and thereby jeopardize the network robustness. As a result, there is a need for guidelines and tools to assist in the design of networks that minimize hot-potato disruptions. However, developing these tools is challenging due to the complex and subtle nature of the interactions between exterior and interior routing. In this paper, we address these challenges using an analytic model of hot-potato routing that incorporates metrics to evaluate network sensitivity to hot-potato disruptions. We then present a methodology for computing these metrics using measurements of real ISP networks. We demonstrate the utility of our model by analyzing the sensitivity of a large AS in a tier~1 ISP network.
INSIDERS AND OUTSIDERS: EXPLORING ETHNOCENTRISM AND CULTURAL RELATIVITY IN SOCIOLOGY COURSES

perspective, which encourages them to reflect on their own society from a distance. The concept of ethnocentrism is often introduced in sociology courses to sensitize students to the ways in which their perceptions of social life are shaped by the fact that they are "insiders" to their own society and "outsiders" to others. Here we discuss a series of instructional techniques built around the use of Horace Miner's classic, "Body Ritual among he Nacirema," which we have developed and implemented to assist students in developing an awareness of social influences on their perceptions andjudgments. The techniques are based on the observation that ethnocentrism involves twoforms ofdistortion, termed "insider's bias" and "outsider's bias. " Students must confront both of these in order to develop a full appreciation of the subtle impact of culture on perceptions.
Common prognostic factors for stage III melanoma patients and for stage I and II melanoma patients with recurrence to their regional lymph nodes

This study was undertaken in order to identify the prognostic factors for stage III malignant melanoma patients. In addition we compared the survival data of these patients with data from patients presenting with stage I and II disease who subsequently developed a regional nodal recurrence, in order to identify common prognostic factors and to compare the biological behaviour of the two groups. We retrospectively examined two groups of patients. The first consisted of 116 patients with stage III malignant melanoma and the second consisted of 57 patients with stage I and II malignant melanoma that were found to have regional lymph node metastases diagnosed at least 6 months after surgical treatment of their primary lesion. The age of the patients, the number of disease-involved lymph nodes, the site of the primary lesion and the presence or not of palpable lymph nodes proved to be significant prognostic factors of the first group. We also analysed the survival data of the second group and compared it with data from the stage III patients. The 5 year survival starting from the time after diagnosis of the primary lesion was 47.37% compared with 25.86% in stage III patients; however, this difference was not statistically significant. Patients who present with stage III malignant melanoma seem to have a more aggressive phenotype than stage I and II malignant melanoma patients who present with recurrent disease in their regional lymph nodes. Disease behaviour is dictated by the number of disease-involved lymph nodes, the site of the primary lesion and the type of surgical procedure performed (elective or therapeutic lymph node dissection).
Understanding boundary extension: Normalization and extension errors in picture memory among adults and boys with and without Asperger's syndrome

Boundary extension is the tendency for people to “remember” information that fell outside a picture's boundaries. We used a novel test of boundary extension to provide absolute estimates of the magnitude of extension errors and of the degree to which people are influenced by the way a picture is presented at the time of testing. Participants were shown photographs on a computer and subsequently allowed to adjust their magnification to match the size they remembered. The test produced reliable boundary extension of around 11% in adults and large influences of initial test size. In a second experiment we tested boys diagnosed with Asperger's syndrome and matched controls. Both groups demonstrated boundary extension comparable to that observed in adults but greater effects of initial test size. High performance IQ in Asperger's was linked with high levels of boundary extension, while for the matched control group the opposite pattern was obtained.
Heterotrimeric G protein subunits differentially respond to endoplasmic reticulum stress in Arabidopsis

Canonical heterotrimeric G proteins in eukaryotes are major components that localize at plasma membrane and transmit extracellular stimuli into the cell. Genome of a seed plant Arabidopsis thaliana encodes at least one Gα (GPA1), one Gβ (AGB1), and 3 Gγ (AGG1, AGG2 and AGG3) subunits. The loss-of-function mutations of G protein subunit(s) cause multiple defects in development as well as biotic and abiotic stress responses. However, it remains elusive how these subunits differentially express these defects. Here, we report that Arabidopsis heterotrimeric G protein subunits differentially respond to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. An isolated homozygous mutant of AGB1, agb1-3, was more sensitive to the tunicamycin-induced ER stress compared to the wild type and the other loss-of-function mutants of G protein subunits. Moreover, ER stress responsive genes were highly expressed in the agb1-3 plant. Our results indicate that AGB1 positively contributes to ER stress tolerance in Arabidopsis.
Cognitive and emotional empathy in typically developing children: The influence of age, gender, and intelligence

In the current study, the influence of age, gender and IQ on cognitive and emotional empathy in school-aged children and adolescents was examined adopting two behavioural paradigms: participants were shown film clips with different scenes of social interaction to which they were asked to respond. Thus, 134 children aged seven to 17 years (mean age = 138.4 months, sd = 31.66 months) were tested for emotion recognition, perspective taking and emotional empathy. Age strongly influenced components of cognitive empathy and explained 33.5% to 39.1% of the variance. Gender and IQ also were significant predictors, yet only explained 3% to 5%, respectively 8% to 9% of the variance. In contrast, neither age, gender nor IQ were related to emotional empathy. Results suggest developmental maturation of cognitive, but not emotional empathy throughout childhood and adolescence. To explain variability in emotional empathy, additional biological and psychosocial factors need to be studied.
Attitude Change of Elementary School Student Teachers and Anxiety

ATTITUDES of teachers toward children are I closely associated with pupil-4eacher relations found in classrooms. While considerable study has been made of teacher attitudes, correlates of these atti tudes with the anxiety levels of the teachers have not been explored. This study deals with manifest anxiety as a variable in attitude change during stu dent teaching, serving as a preliminary step in the study of the effects of anxiety upon the performance of student teachers.
Event-Related Potentials Study in Children with Borderline Intellectual Functioning

Background: Low general cognitive ability is a common cause for learning and academic difficulties. The present study was undertaken to objectively investigate the cognitive functioning of children having borderline intelligence using electrophysiological measures. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted on children having borderline intelligence (IQ: 70-85). The cognitive functioning of children was assessed using event-related potentials. Results: Significant prolongation of the latency of P200, N200, and P300 with no significant difference in the amplitudes was seen in the children having borderline intelligence as compared to controls. Conclusions: Brain systems that are important for stimulus discrimination and using cognitive representation to guide cognition and behavior are impaired in children with borderline intelligence.
Role of Human Valve Interstitial Cells in Valve Calcification and Their Response to Atorvastatin

Background— Calcific aortic valve stenosis is a common disease in the elderly and is characterized by progressive calcification and fibrous thickening of the valve, but the cellular and molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. We hypothesized that human valve interstitial cells (ICs) are able to differentiate into osteoblast-like cells through the influence of defined mediators and that this process can be modulated pharmacologically. Methods and Results— To test this hypothesis, we treated primary cultures of human aortic valve ICs with osteogenic media, bone morphogenic proteins ([BMPs] BMP-2, BMP-4, and BMP-7), and tissue growth factor-β ([TGF-β] TGF-β1 and TGF-β3) for 21 days. These mediators induced osteoblast differentiation of valve ICs by significantly increasing the activity and expression of alkaline phosphatase ([ALP] P<0.001). A cytokine protein array revealed that atorvastatin treatment (100 &mgr;mol/L) of human valve ICs caused a downregulation in levels of expression of BMP-2, BMP-6, TGF-β1, and TGF-β3 after 24 hours. In addition, human valve ICs treated with atorvastatin in the presence of osteogenic media showed a significant reduction in ALP activity in comparison to cells treated with osteogenic media only (P=<0.001). This was further confirmed with immunocytochemical staining of valve ICs, whereby atorvastatin markedly reduced the expression of ALP and osteocalcin induced by osteogenic media in comparison to untreated cells. Conclusions— These findings suggest that human valve ICs are capable of osteoblastic differentiation, by potential mediators which can be pharmacologically targeted by atorvastatin.
Social health outcomes following thermal injuries: a retrospective matched cohort study

Introduction: Over 50% of children admitted with burns are aged under 3 years. US studies suggest that up to 26% of childhood burns are non-accidental, although UK reports are lower (1–16%). Objectives: To determine the social health outcomes of burned children as regards the number of children abused, neglected or “in need” before the age of 6 years compared with matched controls. Methods: A retrospective matched cohort study. 145 children aged under 3 years admitted for burns in 1994–1997 were matched with controls for sex, age and enumeration district and followed up until 2003. Electronic routine databases provided study data on local authority care episodes and Social Services referrals by age 6 years. Results: 89.0% of cases had accidental burns and four cases (2.8%) had non-accidental burns. No case was attributed to neglect. By their sixth birthday cases were statistically more likely to have been referred to Social Services with 14 (9.7%) of the burned children having been abused or neglected versus two (1.4%) controls (95% CI 0.030 to 0.13, p = 0.004). Forty six (32%) cases versus 26 (18%) controls were defined as “in need” (95% CI 0.047 to 0.23, p = 0.006). Conclusion: Although most burns were deemed accidental, 2.8% were categorised as non-accidental at presentation. Almost a third of the burned children went on to be “in need”. Children with a burn appear to be at higher risk of further abuse or neglect compared with controls. A burn therefore could be a surrogate marker indicating need for closer supervision and follow-up by professionals.
Korean Teachers’ Attitudes Toward Academic Brilliance

This is a replication of a study designed by Tannenbaum (1962) and repeated by Cramond and Martin (1987) measuring U.S. attitudes toward intelligence by having respondents rate 8 hypothetical students who varied in their combinations of athleticism, effort, and academic ability. This study investigated 132 Korean preservice and in-service teachers’ attitudes on the same measure. Both Korean teacher groups favored athleticism and nonstudiousness over academic brilliance and showed a gender bias by designating their preferred characters as boys more often. The least favored character was the academically brilliant, studious, nonathletic student—often considered traditionally gifted—and usually designated as a girl. The anti-intellectualism, sport-mindedness, and gender bias in the present study’s Korean participants was similar to that found in the American samples. These results suggest a need for better teacher training and understanding of gifted students. This study is important because it reminds us of future and current teachers’ views of gifted students, especially in Korea, where gifted education is now being initiated. Also, it demonstrates the ubiquitous nature of anti-intellectualism, even in a country considered to value academics.
Teachers' and Ppils' Educational Experiences and School‐Based Responses to the Conflict in Northern Ireland

This article describes a study which examined (a) the impact of the political conflict on teachers' and pupils' experiences of education in Northern Ireland and (b) the impact of curricular-based interventions designed tosupport the pupils and reduce prejudice. The focus of the second part of the article is on the prejudice reduction initiatives identified. A total of 44 staff and 78 pupils spread across 8 schools participated and both teachers' and pupils' perspectives were identified, the latter being an extremely important dimension which has rarely been addressed in previous studies of this area. The findings, which highlight the complexity of the impact of the political conflict, are considered to have both practical and theoretical implications for prejudice reduction programs.
Making Sense of Technology Trends in the Information Technology Landscape: A Design Science Approach

A major problem for firms making information technology investment decisions is predicting and understanding the effects of future technological developments on the value of present technologies. Failure to adequately address this problem can result in wasted organization resources in acquiring, developing, managing, and training employees in the use of technologies that are short-lived and fail to produce adequate return on investment. The sheer number of available technologies and the complex set of relationships among them make IT landscape analysis extremely challenging. Most IT-consuming firms rely on third parties and suppliers for strategic recommendations on IT investments, which can lead to biased and generic advice. We address this problem by defining a new set of constructs and methodologies upon which we develop an IT ecosystem model. The objective of these artifacts is to provide a formal problem representation structure for the analysis of information technology development trends and to reduce the complexity of the IT landscape for practitioners making IT investment decisions. We adopt a process theory perspective and use a combination of visual mapping and quantification strategies to develop our artifacts and a state diagram-based technique to represent evolutionary transitions over time. We illustrate our approach using two exemplars: digital music technologies and wireless networking technologies. We evaluate the utility of our approach by conducting in-depth interviews with IT industry experts and demonstrate the contribution of our approach relative to existing techniques for technology forecasting.
Horatio Alger Lives in Brooklyn: Extrafamily Support, Intrafamily Dynamics, and Socially Neutral Operating Identities in Exceptional Mobility among Children of Mexican Immigrants

By analyzing the life course of an exceptionally successful Mexican student, Emmanuel of Brooklyn, this article interrogates current theories on the incorporation of immigrant youth, including “segmented assimilation. ” The author explains Emmanuel's unlikely and exceptional achievement as the result of intrafamily dynamics, including his keeping of the immigrant bargain; extrafamily supports, including “first chance, fast track” programs for exceptional students in the New York City public schools and the involvement of mentors; and Emmanuel's development of “socially neutral operating identities” to negotiate his membership in new and disparate social worlds. The study shows the reach and limitations of current theories on the children of immigrants and opens new avenues for further research.
Factorial Dimensions of the Jesness Inventory With Black Delinquents

The study identified the personality dimensions in the Jesness Inventory (JI) among black male delinquents. A random sample of 250 black male delinquents was administered the JI. A principal components factor analysis with a varimax rotation identified three factors: (1) Self-Estrangement, (2) Social Isolation, and (3) Immaturity. The proportions of total common-factor variance accounted for by the three factors were . 511, . 286, and . 203 respectively. The results suggest that the factors might be a part of a larger alienation construct in black delinquents.
Teaching Students with Emotional and Behavioral Disorders to Self-advocate through Persuasive Writing

We examined the effectiveness of the Self-Regulated Strategy Development (SRSD) model of writing instruction with a self-determination training component for middle school-age students with emotional and behavioral disorders. We randomly assigned students to experimental or comparison treatments during which special education teachers provided the intervention. Students in the experimental groups received instruction on how to plan and write persuasive essays, were trained on self-determination skills, and were taught how to use persuasive writing to self-advocate. Students in the comparison condition received writing instruction with the established school writing curriculum. Instruction for both groups lasted 33 days, four days a week during 30-minute sessions. Experimental students significantly outperformed comparison students at posttest in all the persuasive essay-writing components assessed, in their ability to recall the parts of a persuasive essay, in the self-efficacy measure, and on self-determination knowledge. Experimental students were able to maintain gains in almost all writing measures and were able to generalize to content areas, although comparison students slightly increased in number of words. Student and teacher interviews revealed an overall satisfaction with SRSD procedures and the results.
Urgent Care and Emergency Department Visits in the Pediatric Medicaid Population

BACKGROUND: Urgent care (UC) is one of the fastest growing venues of health care delivery. We compared clinical and cost attributes of pediatric UC and emergency department (ED) visits that did not result in admission. METHODS: Our study examined 5 925 568 ED and UC visits of children under 19 years old in the 2010 through 2012 Marketscan Medicaid Multi-State Database. Basic demographics, diagnoses, severity, and payments were compared. Between ED and UC visits, χ2 tests were used for proportions and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used for continuous variables. RESULTS: The UC and ED had the same most common diagnoses. Over half the UC visits were low severity. The ED had a higher rate of return within 7 days (8.4% vs 6.9%, P < .001) and follow-up with their primary care physician (22% vs 17.2%, P < .001). Few (<1%) were admitted on return visits from the ED or UC. Payments for UC were significantly less (median $76.90 vs $186.20, P < .001). This continued to hold true when comparing payments for selected diagnoses and each severity level. By extrapolating the cost savings, a national Medicaid per-year savings, if all lowest severity level visits were seen in UC, was more than $50 million. CONCLUSIONS: UC and ED Medicaid visits have similar most common diagnoses, rate of return, and admission. Severity level and payments were lower in UC. There is potential significant cost savings if lower acuity cases can be transitioned from the ED to UC.