Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Goodbye maps, hello apps? Exploring the influential determinants of travel app adoption

With the increased market penetration of smartphones and the emergence of high-speed wireless network technologies, the tourism industry's interest in using mobile applications as a means to enhance the tourist experience is rising. However, despite the growing number of companies and organizations that are investing in travel-related apps, there is limited academic research on consumers' intentions to adopt these technological innovations. In this study, the technology adoption model, innovation diffusion theory, and social cognitive theory are utilized to investigate the factors that could affect travel app adoption by tourists visiting rural tourism sites in China. The results show that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and compatibility are significant antecedents of the intention to use travel apps. Further, self-efficacy indirectly influences the intention to use travel apps through the mediation of outcome expectations. The results do not support social norms as significant predictors of behavioural intention. A discussion and implications are also provided.
Cost of Entrepreneurial Capital and Under-diversification: A Euro-Mediterranean Perspective

We assess how owner's commitment to a firm influences the firm cost of capital, and whether the relation between the former and the latter is the consequence of the owner's higher opportunity cost of capital resulting from under-diversification. Using data on private Mediterranean firms and clustering projects by country, industry, and Initial Public Offering-year, we show that the cost of capital is magnified by entrepreneur's commitment, project total risk, and correlation between project and market return.
The Relation between Price and Marginal Cost in U.S. Industry: A Contradiction

In a recent article in this Journal, Hall (1988) examined productivity shocks at the industry level, derived from constant returns to scale production functions in which firms were assumed to be competitive. Hall had two important conclusions. First, he showed that productivity shocks (i.e., Solow residuals) were correlated with aggregate demand variables, implying that the former are not exogenous impulses. Second, his results implied that firms persistently charge prices above marginal costs, making inappropriate the constant returns to scale competitive production function, assumed in many theoretical frameworks. Because of the importance of Hall's findings, the article has led to many extensions. Evans (1992) confirms the empirical finding of significant correlations between productivity shocks and aggregate demand variables; Burnside, Eichenbaum, and Rebelo (1993) show that this correlation can be explained by introducing labor hoarding into a theoretical model with competitive firms and constant returns to scale production functions. The markups above marginal cost are explained by Eden and Griliches (1991) and Galeotti and Schiantarelli (1991) by modifying the theoretical production function. Caballero and Lyons (1992), using the Hall data and methodology, examine the possibility of external economies in the aggregate manufacturing production. Finally, Waldmann (199 1) argues in this Journal that the
Intraday volatility in the bond, foreign exchange, and stock index futures markets

Intraday volatility for the Eurodollar, the Euro/dollar foreign exchange rate, and the E‐mini SP interregion volatility (meteor showers) plays a secondary role. The joint impact of liquidity variables such as volume and open interest on volatility is also analyzed. Volume tends to increase volatility, but open interest does not affect it. The results are explained by the type of trading venue. Unlike floor‐based trading systems, in electronic markets open interest does not seem to provide additional information on market liquidity and its relation to volatility beyond any information contributed by volume. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Jrl Fut Mark 28:313– 334, 2008
Selective inhibitory action of Biginelli‐type dihydropyrimidines on depolarization‐induced arterial smooth muscle contraction

Objectives Dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers have some disadvantages such as light sensitivity and relatively short plasma half‐lives. Stability of dihydropyrimidines analogues could be of advantage, yet they remain less well characterized. We aimed to test four newly synthesized Biginelli‐type dihydropyrimidines for their calcium channel blocking activity on rat isolated aorta.
Loss of δ‐GABAA receptor‐mediated tonic currents in the adult prelimbic cortex following adolescent alcohol exposure

Delayed maturation of the adolescent prefrontal cortex may render it particularly vulnerable to insults, including those associated with drugs of abuse. Using a rat model of binge alcohol exposure, the present study examined the effect of adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE) exposure during postnatal days 28–42 on γ‐aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic neurotransmission in the prelimbic cortex. In control rats, patch‐clamp electrophysiology in acute slices obtained at different postnatal ages revealed a developmental increase in the GABAA receptor‐mediated tonic current in layer V pyramidal neurons but no change in layers II/III when measured in the adult. In slices from AIE‐exposed rats, the amplitude of the tonic current was significantly reduced compared with controls when tested at postnatal days 45, 60 and 90–120. This AIE‐induced reduction in tonic current was found to reflect attenuation of currents mediated by δ‐subunit containing receptors. Consistent with this, facilitation of the tonic current by bath application of either ethanol or allopregnanolone was attenuated in slices from AIE‐exposed adult rats compared with control rats. However, expression of this facilitation as a percent of the amplitude of the total current mediated by δ‐GABAA receptors revealed that AIE did not alter their sensitivity to either agonist. Lastly, immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis revealed no change in the expression of δ‐GABAA subunits or their surface expression. Taken together, these studies reveal that AIE exposure results in persistent deficits in δ‐GABAA tonic currents in the adult prelimbic cortex that may contribute to deficits in decision‐making and behavioral control in adulthood.
Agency Costs, Net Worth, and Business Fluctuations

This paper develops a simple neoclassical model of the business cycle in which the condition of borrowers' balance sheets is a source of output dynamics. The mechanism is that higher borrower net worth reduces the agency costs of financing real capital investments. Business upturns improve net worth, lower agency costs, and increase investment, which amplifies the upturn; vice versa, for downturns. Shocks that affect net worth (as in a debt-deflation) can initiate fluctuations. Copyright 1989 by American Economic Association.
Heterogeneity in preferences towards complexity

We analyze lottery-choice data in a way that separately estimates the effects of risk aversion and complexity aversion. Complexity is represented by the number of different outcomes in the lottery. A finite mixture random effects model is estimated which assumes that a proportion of the population are complexity-neutral. We find that around 33% of the population are complexity-neutral, around 50% complexity-averse, and the remaining 17% are complexity-loving. Subjects who do react to complexity appear to have a bias towards complexity aversion at the start of the experiment, but complexity aversion reduces with experience, to the extent that the average subject is (almost) complexity-neutral by the end of the experiment. Complexity aversion is found to increase with age and to be higher for non-UK students than for UK students. We also find some evidence that, when evaluating complex lotteries, subjects perceive probabilities in accordance with Prospective Reference Theory.
The influence of a bespoke unloader knee brace on gait in medial compartment osteoarthritis: A pilot study

Background: Patients suffering from mild-to-moderate medial compartment knee osteoarthritis may be treated with an unloader knee orthosis. However, compliance has been shown to be an issue with such devices. Objectives: The aim of this study was to identify the effects of a new design of knee unloader orthosis on specific gait parameters in patients with mild-to-moderate medial knee osteoarthritis. Methods: The gait of seven patients was assessed in two conditions: without an orthosis and when wearing a new design of unloader knee orthosis. Gait analysis was performed to determine alterations to the adduction moment, speed of walking, step length, cadence and knee sagittal plane range of motion during ambulation for the two test conditions. Results: The knee adduction moment was significantly reduced (p = 0.001), and the speed of walking significantly increased (p < 0.001) when wearing the orthosis. However, a reduction in knee range of motion (p = 0.002) and an increase in step length (p < 0.001) were observed with the orthosis donned. Cadence was not significantly altered (p = 0.504). Conclusion: The use of a new design of unloader knee orthosis as a conservative treatment approach for patients with mild-to-moderate medial compartment osteoarthritis appears warranted. Clinical relevance Various conservative modalities have been used to reduce pain and improve function in medial compartment osteoarthritis. A new design of an unloader knee orthosis has been developed and is shown to have immediate benefits in patients with mild medial knee osteoarthritis.
Taxation of Asset Income in the Presence of a World Securites Market

This paper shows, using a standard CAPM model of security prices in a world market, that even small countries can affect the price of domestically issued risky securities, while large countries can affect the prices of all securities. As a result, countries have the incentive to set tax rates such that in equilibrium investors specialize in domestic securities, and net capital flows between countries are restricted. Each country does this to increase the utility of domestic residents, taking as given the tax policies of other governments, but the net outcome is a reduction in world efficiency and likely a reduction in the utility of all individuals.
European Capital Flows and Regional Risk

This paper looks at a range of issues concerning capital flows in Europe. The authors gauge the extent of European capital mobility through an examination of saving-investment correlations. Moreover, they provide further evidence on the extent and effect of European capital mobility through an examination of GNP/GDP ratios across the largest European countries and a comparison of these with similar calculations executed for regions within the United Kingdom. Finally, the authors examine the role of private financial markets in reducing regional risk by developing an empirical model which is then estimated on data for the European Union. Copyright 1999 by Blackwell Publishers Ltd and The Victoria University of Manchester
Differing molecular pathology of pancreatic adenocarcinoma in Egyptian and United States patients

Variations in genetic mutations in pancreatic carcinoma between different populations have not been studied extensively, especially in developing countries where pancreatic cancer is rare. We studied the molecular pathology of 44 pancreatic carcinomas from patients residing in a heavily polluted region in the Nile River delta and compared the findings with tumors from 44 United States (US) patients. We evaluated K‐ras mutations in codon 12, p53 mutations in exons 5–8, and Gadd45a mutations in exons 1 and 4. Overall, rates of K‐ras, p53 and Gadd45 mutations were not statistically different in tumors of patients from Egypt and the US (67.4 vs. 63.4%; 27.3 vs. 36.4% and 9.1 vs. 4.5%, respectively). However, there were distinct differences in the specific types of K‐ras and p53 mutations between the 2 groups. In K‐ras, G → T transversion mutation was more frequent in the tumors from Egypt than from the US (58.6 vs. 26.9%), whereas G → C transversion was detected in 26.9% of US tumors but none from Egypt (p = 0.003). We also found a trend toward differences in the p53 exons in which mutations occurred, with higher frequency of exon 5 mutation and lower frequency of exon 6 mutation in Egyptian tumors. Logistic regression showed that K‐ras G → T transversion mutations and p53 exon 6 mutations were predicted by the country of residence of the patients. Our study identifies that there are differences in the types of mutations found in tumors from pancreatic carcinoma patients in Egypt and the US, and suggests that environmental factors may explain these differences. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mixed-cultural parentage and intergenerational influence on consumption

x Chapter One Introduction . 1 1.1 Motivation for Research . 8 1.2 Expected Research Contribution . 10 1.3 Organisation of Thesis . 11 Chapter Two Literature Review . 13 2.1 Culture . 13 2.2 Mixed –Culture . 18 2.3 Intergenerational Influence (IGI) . 21 2.4 Attachment Theory . 28 2.5 Social Identity . 30 2.6 Materialism . 33 2.7 Chapter Summary . 36 Chapter Three Study One: Qualitative Research to Identify the Themes . 37 3.1 Methodology . 37
Networks, Organizational Learning and Knowledge Management: NHS Cancer Networks

There has been increased interest in the UK in network-based modes of organizing in the public services, as opposed to markets or hierarchies. One supposed advantage of the network form is a greater capacity for the transfer of evidence-based or ‘best’ practices across the network and accelerated organizational learning. Such networks may have a knowledge management role and stimulate the formation of ‘communities of practice’. This article tests these arguments using data from a study of managed NHS cancer networks in London. The general pattern was for networks to concentrate on structural reconfiguration, while their knowledge management role remained marginal. Some alternative implications for future policy development are considered.
Asymptotic Expansions of the Lognormal Implied Volatility: A Model Free Approach

We invert the Black-Scholes formula. We consider the cases low strike, large strike, short maturity and large maturity. We give explicitly the first 5 terms of the expansions. A method to compute all the terms by induction is also given. At the money, we have a closed form formula for implied lognormal volatility in terms of a power series in call price.
Strategic Human Resources Management in Nonprofit Organizations

This study explores the prevalence of strategic human resources management (HRM) practices in nonprofit organizations as well as the organizational and contextual determinants. Based on survey data collected from 229 charitable nonprofit organizations, we find that organizations that are larger in size, technologically savvy, and dependent on the work of independent contractors all appear to be more likely to implement strategic HRM practices. Local affiliates of national organizations are more likely to implement strategic HRM practices. In addition, younger organizations, educational organizations, and organizations that do not have dedicated HR staff are also more likely to implement strategic HRM practices. Although dependence on volunteer labor has no significant effect on the outcome, further analysis indicates that volunteer-dependent organizations differ from others in several aspects of strategic HRM.
Risk and Loss Aversion Revisited

We implement several financial and actuarial methods in order to assess investors’ risk and loss aversion. This article sheds another light on the risk characteristics of U.S. equity markets across different historical periods and their respective implied risk and loss aversion. First, we show that our selected risk measures depend upon market factors such as excess return and volatility. Consequently, for some historical periods, equity markets display implied risk aversion coefficients far below the ones found in previous literature. Furthermore, we investigate to what extent the proportion of risky assets held in one’s portfolio influences our risk measures. We find that the presence of risky assets, even in small proportion to one’s portfolio, still requires substantial tolerance to risk. As a result, we recommend that financial institutions should formalize the assessment of risk aversion quantitatively in order to match their offers with their clients’ individual characteristics.
Paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (previously familial rectal pain syndrome)

Objective: To describe the clinical phenotype of paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (previously called familial rectal pain syndrome), an autosomal dominant condition recently shown to be a sodium channelopathy involving SCN9A. Methods: An international consortium of clinicians, scientists, and affected families was formed. Clinical details of all accessible families worldwide were collected, including age at onset, features of attacks, problems between attacks, investigational results, treatments tried, and evolution over time. A validated pain questionnaire was completed by 14 affected individuals. Results: Seventy-seven individuals from 15 families were identified. The onset of the disorder is in the neonatal period or infancy and persists throughout life. Autonomic manifestations predominate initially, with skin flushing in all and harlequin color change and tonic attacks in most. Dramatic syncopes with bradycardia and sometimes asystole are common. Later, the disorder is characterized by attacks of excruciating deep burning pain often in the rectal, ocular, or jaw areas, but also diffuse. Attacks are triggered by factors such as defecation, cold wind, eating, and emotion. Carbamazepine is effective in almost all who try it, but the response is often incomplete. Conclusions: Paroxysmal extreme pain disorder is a highly distinctive sodium channelopathy with incompletely carbamazepine-sensitive bouts of pain and sympathetic nervous system dysfunction. It is most likely to be misdiagnosed as epilepsy and, particularly in infancy, as hyperekplexia and reflex anoxic seizures.
A Semiparametric Bayesian Approach to a New Dynamic Zero-Inflated Model

We develop a dynamic zero-inflated model to analyse the number of hospital admissions within an aging population, which allows for the considerable number of zero hospital admissions at the individual level and occurrence dependence. In addition, certain health conditions may lead to groups of individuals having similar hospital admission rates. We analyse the US Health and Retirement Survey, which includes selfassessed health (SAH), which can be predictive of hospital admissions. Our modelling framework embeds a dynamic hierarchical matrix stick-breaking process to flexibly characterize this dynamic group structure allowing individuals to belong to different SAH groups at different points in time.
Management and Leadership in the Contemporary University

This paper proposes a model of leadership within tertiary education based on research into expertise and institutional distinctiveness. It builds on two contrasting styles of institutional development. Firstly, in the traditional university (higher education) sector, promotion to senior management positions has tended to be based on academic prowess, largely relating to research capability. The result is senior academic leaders who may not be well suited to line or operational management. By contrast, in the traditional polytechnic (vocational education and training) sector, promotion to leadership positions has tended to be based more on perceived managerial qualities, and the resultant leaders may be more inclined to be good managers without displaying overt academic leadership. A model of shared academic management and leadership focused on departmental/school level, based on research into the nature of professional expertise, is therefore proposed which brings together the strengths of both of the above styles. This model develops the responsibilities of both the academic leader and the operational manager and explores their symbiotic relationship. The performance of associated administrative functions is also considered in regards to the overlap between the administration occurring in these roles and that of designated office administrators. The implications of this model on organisation structure and culture and on staff promotion and career development are also addressed. The application of this model to contemporary tertiary institutions that focus on vocational and professional education as a point of distinctiveness in a competitive tertiary education market is also explored. In particular, the potential advantages of this model for dual sector institutions which bring together the strengths of the higher education and the vocational education and training sectors are discussed.
Volunteer tourism: The interests and motivations of grey nomads

Abstract Volunteer tourism is increasingly being recognised as a distinct phenomenon which needs to draw on an understanding of both tourism and volunteer motivations. The present research identifies the volunteering interests and needs of one particular demographic or interest group, the grey nomads of Australia. Grey nomads are defined as people aged over 50 years who adopt an extended period of travel within Australia. They are an important group because of their potential to assist struggling rural communities. The results showed that grey nomads had a diverse range of skills and displayed a willingness to volunteer for community projects. Efforts to attract grey nomad volunteers will need to consider their diversity of education, the health limitations of those aged over seventy and the grey nomads’ desire to meet the townspeople and to learn more about the local area and its history. The results suggest that it is feasible for towns using tourism as a path to development to include the possibility of grey nomad volunteer programs.