Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Asynchronous full-duplex wireless

The feasibility of a full-duplex physical layer, where a node can transmit and receive at the same time in the same frequency, has been established in recent work. Implicitly, most schemes to-date have assumed synchronous operation which allows clean training of all relevant channels. In this paper, we establish the feasibility of asynchronous full-duplex communication. We show that both modes of asynchronous full-duplex can be enabled: (i) where the start of transmission of a packet at a node precedes start of the reception from the same node, and (ii) where the start of reception precedes the start of transmission. We show that the former mode has a better performance, which is in fact comparable to the performance of synchronous full-duplex. Finally, we also show that the active suppression can be complemented by passive suppression with the use of optimal antenna placement on actual devices. An overall suppression of 80dB is shown possible in actual experiments making full-duplex feasible for realistic deployments.
How to identify the youngest protostars

We study the transition from a prestellar core to a Class 0 protostar, using SPH to simulate the dynamical evolution, and a Monte Carlo radiative transfer code to generate the SED and isophotal maps. For a prestellar core illuminated by the standard interstellar radiation field, the luminosity is low and the SED peaks at ~ $190\,\mu {\rm m}$. Once a protostar has formed, the luminosity rises (due to a growing contribution from accretion onto the protostar) and the peak of the SED shifts to shorter wavelengths ( $80~{\rm to}\,100\,\mu {\rm m}$). However, by the end of the Class 0 phase, the accretion rate is falling, the luminosity has decreased, and the peak of the SED shifts back towards longer wavelengths ( $90\;{\rm to}\,150\,\mu {\rm m}$). In our simulations, the density of material around the protostar remains sufficiently high well into the Class 0 phase that the protostar only becomes visible in the NIR if it is displaced from the centre dynamically. Raw submm/mm maps of Class 0 protostars tend to be much more centrally condensed than those of prestellar cores. However, when convolved with a typical telescope beam, the difference in central concentration is less marked, although the Class 0 protostars appear more circular. Our results suggest that, if a core is deemed to be prestellar on the basis of having no associated IRAS source, no cm radio emission, and no outflow, but it has a circular appearance and an SED which peaks at wavelengths below ~ $170\,\mu {\rm m}$, it may well contain a very young Class 0 protostar.
OPTIMAL CATASTROPHE INSURANCE

This paper adopts a normative approach to catastrophe insurance. It addresses the question of how innovation in the design of insurance contracts could help take advantage of increased capacity in the markets for catastrophic risk. Moreover, we show how our design innovation might actually lessen the need for this capacity in extant markets. The innovation allows for more flexibility in risk retention for the consumer, thus improving consumer welfare. By decomposing the influence of catastrophes on claims amounts (severity risk) and on the probability of loss (frequency risk), we show how insurance contracts can be designed to better endogenize the degree of risk sharing between groups of insureds. In particular, we examine how insurance can facilitate more direct risk sharing between groups of insureds who are exposed to different catastrophes, thus allowing for greater economic efficiency in the sense of Borch (1962). -2Optimal Catastrophe Insurance
The Evolution of X-Ray Clusters in a Low-Density Universe

We present results of N-body/gasdynamical simulations designed to investigate the evolution of X-ray clusters in a flat, low-density, Λ-dominated cold dark matter (CDM) cosmogony. The simulations include self-gravity, pressure gradients, and hydrodynamical shocks, but neglect radiative cooling. The density profile of the dark matter component can be fitted accurately by the simple formula originally proposed by Navarro, Frenk, & White to describe the structure of clusters in a CDM universe with Ω = 1. In projection, the shape of the dark matter radial density profile and the corresponding line-of-sight velocity dispersion profile are in very good agreement with the observed profiles for galaxies in the Canadian Network for Observational Cosmology sample of clusters. This suggests that galaxies are not strongly segregated relative to the dark matter in X-ray luminous clusters. The gas in our simulated clusters is less centrally concentrated than the dark matter, and its radial density profile is well described by the familiar β-model. As a result, the average baryon fraction within the virial radius (rvir) is only 85%-90% of the universal value and is lower nearer the center. The total mass and velocity dispersion of our clusters can be accurately inferred (with ~15% uncertainty) from their X-ray emission-weighted temperature. We generalize Kaiser's scale-free scaling relations to arbitrary power spectra and low-density universes and show that simulated clusters generally follow these relations. The agreement between the simulations and the analytical results provides a convincing demonstration of the soundness of our gasdynamical numerical techniques. Although our simulated clusters resemble observed clusters in several respects, the slope of the luminosity-temperature relation implied by the scaling relations, and obeyed by the simulations, is in disagreement with observations. This suggests that nongravitational effects such as preheating or cooling must have played an important role in determining the properties of the observed X-ray emission from galaxy clusters.
El contenido del videoclip dominante como reproductor cultural e ideológico

espanolCon la popularizacion de Internet, el videoclip mainstream se ha transformado en la mercancia cultural mas consumida por la juventud global, por encima de libros, peliculas, programas de TV o videojuegos. Por esa misma razon, estos productos de alcance internacional influencian las cosmovisones y las ideologias de los adolescentes y los jovenes adultos que forman su target. Sin embargo, hasta la fecha, es practicamente nula la bibliografia que haya tratado este tema analizando una muestra lo suficientemente significativa para llegar a sugerir una propuesta que supere el rango de hipotesis. El presente articulo se dispone solventar este vacio academico. Teniendo en cuenta el funcionamiento oligarquico y la propiedad privada de las principales empresas multinacionales que constituyen la industria de la musica pop, analizamos el contenido audiovisual de los videos dominantes en relacion con la creacion de un universo simbolico entre los mas jovenes favorable a la reproduccion del sistema socioeconomico de donde surge. De este modo, tras analizar los 500 videoclips mas vistos de YouTube, llegamos a la conclusion que la mayoria de su contenido refuerza la reproduccion de habitos culturales e ideologias funcionales para la renovacion del poder y la hegemonia de la clase capitalista. EnglishWith the spread of the Internet, mainstream music videos have become the most consumed cultural commodity by youths globally, ahead of books, movies, TV shows and video games. For this very reason, these internationally reaching products influence the cosmovisions and ideologies of the teenagers and young adults that they target. But, to date, there has been practically no literature created that addresses this subject by analysing a sample that is significant enough to propose a theory that goes beyond a hypothesis level. Taking into account the oligarchic functioning and private ownership of the main multinational companies that make up the pop music industry, we have analysed the audio-visual content of the most dominant videos in relation to the creation of a symbolic universe amongst the younger generation that favours the reproduction of the socio-economic system it derives from. In this way, after an analysis of YouTube's 500 most viewed music videos, we conclude that the majority of content reinforces the reproduction of cultural habits and functional ideologies that renew the power and the hegemony of the capitalist class.
SU(2) Gauge Theory with Two Fundamental Flavours: a Minimal Template for Model Building

We investigate the continuum spectrum of the SU(2) gauge theory with Nf = 2 flavours of fermions in the fundamental representation. This model provides a minimal template which is ideal for a wide class of Standard Model extensions featuring novel strong dynamics that range from composite (Goldstone) Higgs theories to several intriguing types of dark matter candidates, such as the SIMPs. We improve our previous lattice analysis [1] by adding more data at light quark masses, at two additional lattice spacings, by determining the lattice cutoff via a Wilson flow measure of the w0 parameter, and by measuring the relevant renormalisation constants non-perturbatively in the RI’-MOM scheme. Our results for the lightest isovector states in the vector and axial channels, in units of the pseudoscalar decay constant, are mV/FPS∼ 13.1(2.2) and mA/FPS∼ 14.5(3.6) (combining statistical and systematic errors). Inthecontextofthecomposite(Goldstone)Higgsmodels,ourresultforthe spin-oneresonances are mV > 3.2(5) TeV and mA> 3.6(9) TeV, which are above the current LHC constraints. In the
Efficient QoS Resource Management for Heterogeneous Grids

QoS support is of crucial importance to the adoption of Grid technologies. Advance reservations is one mechanism that can be employed to provide QoS; however, its deployment is limited due to the lack of flexibility and scalability of existing implementations. Furthermore, the inherent heterogeneity of resources in Grid environments makes the task of providing QoS even more formidable. In this work we consider two aspects of advance reservations. First, we investigate the impact of heterogeneity on Grid resource management. Second, we employ techniques from computational geometry to develop an efficient heterogeneity-aware scheduling algorithm. Our main finding is that Grids may benefit from high levels of resource heterogeneity, independently of the total system capacity. Our results show that our algorithm performs well across several user and system performance metrics and overcomes the lack of scalability and adaptability of existing mechanisms.
Developing L2 interactional competence: increasing participation through self-selection in post-expansion sequences

Abstract Using longitudinal conversation analysis as a methodological framework, this study documents the development of second language (L2) interactional competence by focusing on a recurrent interactional practice observed in an English as a foreign language (EFL) classroom. Through observing a novice L2 learner’s developing methods of participation in recurrent post-expansion sequences, the study aims to reveal the trajectory of how his interactional practices and use of interactional resources change over time. The data comes from four episodes of his second and third year of learning English. The analysis shows that the learner increases his interactional competence in terms of turn-taking strategies, use of linguistic and non-linguistic resources, and display of relevancy and appropriateness when taking self-selected turns. The development of L2 interactional competence is displayed through the learner’s increased ability to monitor the details of the ongoing talk and his appropriate use of interactional resources. The findings contribute to recent CA investigations into the developmental process of L2 interactional competence through detailed longitudinal analysis.
Contraction Mechanisms in Composite Active Actin Networks

Simplified in vitro systems are ideally suited for studying the principle mechanisms of the contraction of cytoskeletal actin systems. To shed light on the dependence of the contraction mechanism on the nature of the crosslinking proteins, we study reconstituted in vitro active actin networks on different length scales ranging from the molecular organization to the macroscopic contraction. Distinct contraction mechanisms are observed in polar and apolar crosslinked active gels whereas composite active gels crosslinked in a polar and apolar fashion at the same time exhibit both mechanisms simultaneously. In polar active actin/fascin networks initially bundles are formed which are then rearranged. In contrast, apolar cortexillin-I crosslinked active gels are bundled only after reorganization of actin filaments by myosin-II motor filaments.
Measuring Prerequisite Relations Among Concepts

A prerequisite relation describes a basic relation among concepts in cognition, education and other areas. However, as a semantic relation, it has not been well studied in computational linguistics. We investigate the problem of measuring prerequisite relations among concepts and propose a simple link-based metric, namely reference distance (RefD), that effectively models the relation by measuring how differently two concepts refer to each other. Evaluations on two datasets that include seven domains show that our single metric based method outperforms existing supervised learning based methods.
Centralization and Effectiveness of Reward Management in Multinational Enterprises: Perceptions of HQ and Subsidiary Reward Managers

Based on responses from 158 reward managers located at the headquarters or subsidiaries of multinational enterprises, the present study examines the relationship between the centralization of reward management decision making and its perceived effectiveness in multinational enterprises. Our results show that headquarters managers perceive a centralized approach as being more effective, while for subsidiary managers this relationship is moderated by the manager’s role identity. Referring to social identity theory, the present study enriches the standardization versus localization debate through a new perspective focusing on psychological processes, thereby indicating the importance of in-group favoritism in headquarters and the influence of subsidiary managers’ role identities on reward management decision making.
Detection of a Supernova Signature Associated with GRB 011121

Using observations from an extensive monitoring campaign with the Hubble Space Telescope, we present the detection of an intermediate-time flux excess that is redder in color relative to the afterglow of GRB 011121, currently distinguished as the gamma-ray burst with the lowest known redshift. The red "bump," which exhibits a spectral rollover at ~7200 Å, is well described by a redshifted Type Ic supernova that occurred approximately at the same time as the gamma-ray burst event. The inferred luminosity is about half that of the bright supernova SN 1998bw. These results serve as compelling evidence for a massive star origin of long-duration gamma-ray bursts. Models that posit a supernova explosion weeks to months preceding the gamma-ray burst event are excluded by these observations. Finally, we discuss the relationship between spherical core-collapse supernovae and gamma-ray bursts.
The Rise of China and Asia's Flying-Geese Pattern of Economic Development: An Empirical Analysis Based on US Import Statistics

Although manufactured goods have come to make up the bulk of China's fast expanding exports, the country's competitiveness still lies in low-value-added products. Reflecting this, Chinese exports do not directly compete with Japanese exports; rather, they complement each other. China's export structure also lags behind Asia's newly industrializing economies (NIEs) and major members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Based on a comparison of the trade structures among Asian nations, we find that they are broadly in line with their respective levels of economic development. In short, there is no evidence showing that the flying-geese formation has been disrupted by the emergence of China. Even in China's fast-growing IT-product sector, the country's export competitiveness still lags far behind not only Japan, but also other Asian countries. There is a clear division of labor between Japan and China, with the former specializing in high-value-added products and the latter in low-value-added products. There is little overlap, especially in the high-value-added categories. In the new economy, human capital is the single most important asset. It is unrealistic to expect the Chinese economy to leapfrog because China is unlikely to greatly improve the educational level of the entire nation in a short period. Instead, economic development can only be a step-by-step process.
How socioeconomic circumstances, school achievement and reserve capacity in adolescence predict adult education level: a three-generation study in Finland

Abstract Family socioeconomic circumstances directly influence adult education level. Adolescent psychosocial resources and health-promoting behaviour collectively termed as ‘reserve capacity’ and school achievement may likely mediate the effect of family socioeconomic circumstances on adult education level. We tested these relationships using 1985–1995 survey data on 12–18-year-old Finns (N = 41,822) linked with three-generation registry data of Statistics Finland until 2009. Results of the multinomial logistic regression models, adjusted for sex and age at end of follow-up, showed that socioeconomic circumstances of parents and grandparents predicted adult education level. School achievement and reserve capacity dimensions of perceived health, health-promoting behaviour and social support in adolescence also positively predicted adult education. Moreover, these tended to decrease the effect of family socioeconomic circumstances on educational level. Our findings suggest that formulating interventions which build reserve capacity and improve school performance, especially among adolescents from disadvantaged socioeconomic backgrounds, could likely reduce educational inequalities.
Pulmonary Veins and Ligament of Marshall as Sources of Rapid Activations in a Canine Model of Sustained Atrial Fibrillation

Background —In dogs, chronic rapid pacing may result in sustained atrial fibrillation (AF). However, activation patterns in pacing-induced sustained AF are unclear. Methods and Results —We induced sustained AF (>48 hours) in 6 dogs by rapid pacing for 139±84 days. We then performed computerized atrial epicardial mappings and recorded the activations in the ligament of Marshall (LOM) and the pulmonary veins (PVs). During AF, mean activation cycle length in the right atrial free wall (126±17 ms) was significantly longer than that in the left atrial free wall (96±5 ms, P =0.006). In addition, mean activation cycle length in the left atrial free wall was significantly longer than that in the LOM (84±5 ms, P <0.001), the left inferior PV (81±4 ms, P =0.001), and the left superior PV (85±7 ms, P =0.003). Similarly, the dominant frequency was highest in the LOM and the PVs (range 11.2 to 13.3 Hz), followed by the left and right atria (P <0.001). In all dogs studied, rapid and complicated electrograms were consistently observed at the LOM and the PVs. During AF, both wandering wavelets and organized reentry were present. There were more wave fronts in the left atrium than in the right atrium (P <0.001). Conclusions —In chronic pacing-induced sustained AF, the LOM and the PVs are the sources of rapid activations. The mechanism by which the left atrium activates faster and has more wave fronts than the right atrium may relate to the fact that the left atrium is closer to the sources of rapid activations.
A distributed fault-tolerant clustering algorithm for wireless sensor networks

Energy is the main constraint of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) due to irreplaceable and limited power sources of the sensor nodes. Clustering is the most popular topology control method to reduce energy consumption and improve scalability of WSNs. However, in a cluster based WSN, cluster heads (CHs) consume more energy due to extra work load owing to data collection, data aggregation and their communication to the base station. Therefore, efficient cluster formation is very challenging by considering the energy consumption of the CHs. This is also complimented with the fault tolerant issue of WSNs as the sensor nodes are prone to failure. In this paper, we propose a distributed fault-tolerant clustering algorithm called DFCA which uses a cost function of the CHs for the formation of cluster. We also present a distributed run time recovery of the sensor nodes from the faulty cluster due to sudden failure of the CH. The experimental results demonstrate the strength of the proposed algorithm.
XMM-Newton studies of a massive cluster of galaxies: RXC J2228.6+2036

We present the X-ray properties of a massive cluster of galaxies (RXC J2228.6+2036 at z = 0.421) using XMM-Newton data. The X-ray mass modeling is based on the temperature and density distributions of the intracluster medium derived using a deprojection method. We find that RXC J2228.6+ 2036 is a hot cluster (T(500) = 8.92(-1.32)(+1.78) keV) showing a cooling flow rate of 12.0(-12.0)(+56.0) M(circle dot) yr(-1) based on spectral fitting within the cooling flow radius (r(cool) = 147 +/- 10 kpc). The total cluster mass is M(500) = (1.19 +/- 0.35) x 10(15) M(circle dot) and the mean gas mass fraction is f(gas) = 0.165 +/- 0.045 at r(500) = 1.61 +/- 0.16 Mpc. We discuss the PSF-correction effect on the spectral analysis and find that, for the selected annular width, the PSF-corrected temperatures are consistent with those without PSF-correction. We observe remarkable agreement between X-ray and SZ results, which is of prime importance for future SZ surveys. RXC J2228.6+ 2036 obeys the empirical scaling relations found in general massive galaxy clusters (e. g. S-T, M-T, L-T and M-Y), after accounting for self-similar evolution.
The mediating effect of depression between exposure to potentially traumatic events and PTSD in news journalists

Background: News journalists are an occupational group with a unique task at the scene of an unfolding crisis—to collect information and inform the public about the event. By being on location, journalists put themselves at risk for being exposed to the potentially traumatic event. Objective: To compare potentially traumatic exposure during work assignments at a crisis scene and in personal life as predictors of the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in news journalists. Further, to investigate the mediating effect of depression between the predictor and predicted variables. Method: With a web-based questionnaire, information from a sample of Finnish news journalists (n=407) was collected. The data collected included details on the range of potentially traumatic assignments (PTAs) at the crisis scene during the past 12 months, lifetime potentially traumatic events (PTEs) in personal life, PTSD symptoms, and level of depression. Results: Approximately 50% of the participants had worked with a PTA during the past 12 months. Depression had a significant indirect effect on the relationship between PTAs at the scene and symptoms of PTSD. A similar result was found regarding the relationship between personal life PTEs and PTSD. Depression had a complete indirect effect in the case of PTAs and a partial indirect effect in regard to PTE exposure in personal life. Conclusions : Exposure to PTAs is common within journalistic work. The results reflect the importance of understanding the underlying mechanisms of the measured symptoms (PTSD, depression) in relation to trauma history. The main limitations of the study include the cross-sectional design and the nature of the instruments used for the collection of work-related trauma history. For the abstract or full text in other languages, please see Supplementary files under Reading Tools online