Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ASTHMA AND ATOPY IN TUNISIAN ATHLETES

3 The purpose of this study was to evaluate the risk of developing exercise induced asthma in 4 atopic Tunisian athletes. The study population was composed by 326 athletes (age: 20.8±2.7 5 yrs –mean ± SD; 138women and 188 men) take out which 107 were elite athletes. 6 The subjects underwent a skin prick test to check for atopy, completed an 8-min running test, 7 and a lung function measure. Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) was determined 8 before and at the end of the exercise consisting of running 8-min at 80-85% HRmaxTheo. EIA 9 was defined as a decrease of at least 15% in pre-exercise FEV1 at any time point after 10 exercise. Results: Atopy was found in 26.9% (88/326) of the athletes. Post exercise 11 spirometry revealed the presence of EIA in 9.8% (32/326) of the athletes among these we 12 found that 14 (13 %) elite athletes suffered EIA; this study showed that 62.5% (20/32) among 13 the all athletes were atopic. Conclusion: This study showed that atopic Tunisian athletes 14 presented a higher risk of developing exercise induced asthma than non-atopic athletes. We 15 suggest that early Atopy-diagnosis and appropriate treatments could help the athletes to 16 reduce the risk of exercise induced asthma, and improve their performances. 17 18 Key-Words: Athletes – Atopy Exercise induced asthmaFEV1skin prick test. 19 20 21
Structure-oriented Bilateral Filtering of Seismic Images

Bilateral filtering is widely used to enhance photographic images, but in most implementations is poorly suited to seismic images. A bilateral filter consists of two (domain and range) filter kernels. By replacing the domain kernel with a smoothing filter that conforms to image structures, we obtain a bilateral filter suitable for seismic image processing. Examples and comparison with conventional edge-preserving smoothing illustrate advantages of structure-oriented bilateral filtering. The only significant disadvantage is a relatively high (roughly 10 to 40 times higher) computational cost.
Reclaiming the Street: The Discourse of Curfew

The 1998 Crime and Disorder Act enables local authorities to put in place local street curfews for children aged under 10 years. The Act has been fuelled by discourses which present a vision of a society escalating towards lawlessness and moral decline. Curfew orders are grounded on the exclusionary principles of control and deterrence. We argue that the case for curfews is much less clear than recent policy documents suggest. Evidence based upon a large-scale study points to a more positive role of streets in the lives of young people than is acknowledged in current discussions. We propose that curfew does not offer a way forward: for young people it reinforces a sense of power-lessness and alienation and for adults it establishes a positionality which further dislocates young people from their world. Throughout the curfew debate there has been no attempt to incorporate the views of young people. We propose that, instead of curfew, what is needed are inclusionary strategies which encourage the incorporation of young people into communities, empower their voices in environmental decisionmaking, and challenge the hegemony of adulthood upon the landscape.
Comparative Evaluation of Coronally Advanced Flap with and without Bioactive Glass Putty in the Management of Gingival Recession Defects: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

BACKGROUND The need-of-the-hour is a material that can support coronally advanced flap (CAF) procedures in treatment of gingival recession. Recent literature shows that various bone substitutes are being used for this procedure. This study clinically evaluates the outcomes of CAF with and without bioactive glass putty (NovaBone®) in terms of root coverage, gains in keratinized tissue height, and root coverage esthetic score in multiple gingival recession defects. METHODS Ten healthy patients (age range 18-45 years) with multiple bilateral (n = 40 test 20; control 20) and comparable Miller's Class I or Class II gingival recession defects were selected. The defects were randomly assigned by a computer-generated list to either test (CAF + bioactive glass putty) or control (CAF alone) groups. Clinical parameters included gingival recession (GR), probing pocket depth (PPD), clinical attachment level (CAL), keratinized tissue height (KTH), root coverage esthetic score (RES) evaluated at baseline and at 6 months post-surgery CAF with or without bioactive glass putty. RESULTS Six months post-surgery all clinical parameters showed significant reductions. Gingival recession showed significant reduction both in test and control groups (2.0 ± 0.47 mm and 2.3 ± 0.48 mm, respectively; p < 0.05) with no intergroup difference. The exposed root was covered by 72% (test) and 79% (control). CAL gain was also significant in both groups (test: 2.7 ± 0.67 mm; control: 2.8 ± 0.78 mm; p < 0.05) with no intergroup difference. Keratinized tissue height gain was significant in both the groups (test group: 1.2 ± 0.42 mm; control group: 0.9 ± 0.57 mm) with no intergroup difference. Also, the RES was significant for both the test and control groups (7.2 ± 2.78 and 7.7 ± 1.41 respectively) with no intergroup differences. CONCLUSIONS In isolated Class I/II GR defects, CAF associated with bioactive glass putty provided no significant difference in root coverage, CAL, KTH or RES compared to CAF alone. However, statistically significant gains were seen in all the parameters in both groups as compared to baseline. We refute the claims of the recent studies using a bone substitute for root coverage. Further long-term clinical trials are warranted to substantiate our results.
The ring measure of social values: A computerized procedure for assessing individual differences in information processing and social value orientation

Personality can be defined from a social standpoint as a more or less consistent system of orientations that influences an individual's decisions and behaviors regarding the allocation of resources to self and others. One of the more robust models for the measurement of an individual's interpersonal utilities is McClintock's social value approach (McClintock, 1972). In the present study, we evaluate the construct of social value by testing the hypothesis that the cognitive processing time of subjects should vary systematically as a function of the type of social value being expressed. Towards this end, the Ring Measure of Social Values (Liebrand, 1984) was administered to 61 male and 124 female subjects. As predicted, cooperators and competitors were observed to have longer response latencies than altruists and individualists. In addition, a Social Value by Outcome Structure interaction was observed, and explained by assuming that cooperators are more hesitant in making decisions involving negative outcomes for others, whereas competitors are more reluctant to assign positive outcomes to others. These research findings add further evidence regarding the validity to the construct of social value.
Who’s in control? Teachers from five countries share perspectives on power dynamics in the learning environment

This article explores perspectives and strands of thought among teachers from five countries about power dynamics in learning environments, perspectives on power of dominant cultures and impacts of power on concepts of citizenship and social justice. Discourses revealed teachers have some understanding of how power impacts teaching and learning, how language empowers/disempowers students and how teachers and students use their power. Teachers’ and students’ perceptions of power in the learning environment likely shape educational experiences for all stakeholders. Effective empowerment, particularly of students, requires recognition of these and other factors.
Teacher Teams: Exploring Job Characteristics and Work-Related Outcomes of Work Group Enhancement

This study explores how teacher teams (work group enhancement) influence teachers’ work characteristics and other work-related variables. The study uses a comparative design to test differences between teamed and nonteamed teachers on work characteristics and work-related variables suggested by Hackman and Oldham’s job characteristics model. The study results suggest that teachers whose jobs have a work group emphasis (interdisciplinary teams) report significantly higher levels of the following: (a) skill variety in their work; (b) knowledge of students (their educational characteristics, history, and personal life circumstances); (c) growth satisfaction; (d) general satisfaction; (e) professional commitment; (f) work group helpfulness and effectiveness; (g) internal work motivation; and (h) teacher efficacy than do their nonteaming counterparts. The study also reports auxiliary survey data on students’satisfaction with various aspects of a team versus a nonteam school.
Initial Evidence for the Reliability and Validity of the Student Risk Screening Scale With Elementary Age English Learners

We report findings of a validation study exploring the Student Risk Screening Scale (SRSS; Drummond, 1994) for use with English learners (ELs) attending a large suburban elementary school. First, we explored the reliability of the SRSS by examining internal consistency, with results indicating adequate internal consistency (.83). Second, we examined and established a convergent validity of the SRSS scores with the social skills improvement system–performance screening guide (SSiS-PSG; Gresham & Elliott, 2007) and the systematic screening for behavior disorders (SSBD; Walker & Severson, 1992). Results indicated that SRSS scores were negatively correlated with SSiS-PSG scores, thereby suggesting that an increased behavioral risk is associated with decreases in teacher-reported reading performance, math performance, motivation to learn, and prosocial behaviors. In addition, the results yielded additional evidence of convergent validity with SSBD and SRSS scores. SRSS scores improved the chance estimates of predicting the internalizing behaviors of ELs (area under the curve [AUC] = .72) and externalizing behaviors of ELs (AUC = .98) as measured by the SSBD. Third, we examined the relation between SRSS scores and academic performance as measured by dynamic indicators of basic early literacy skills Next (Good & Kaminski, 2011), which suggested an inverse relation (r = −.41). Fourth, we examined the teachers’ perceptions of the screening tool.
Knowledge‐sharing intention in Vietnamese organizations

Purpose – This research seeks to obtain a better understanding of the factors impacting the intent to share knowledge within the Vietnamese organizational context. While the literature provides some examples of cross‐cultural studies involving knowledge sharing, there has been a lack of research on emerging economies such as Vietnam.Design/methodology/approach – The theoretical foundation for the paper is the theory of reasoned action (TRA), a social psychology framework that has been used extensively to explain many types of human behavior. The research model was formulated based on the original TRA framework as well as additional factors taken from the literature. Six variables were tested to determine their impact on the intention to share knowledge in an organizational context. Primary data were obtained from a survey administered to 124 employees in six multinational companies in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.Findings – Regression analysis shows that TRA, for the most part, has explanatory power within t.
Mechanisms of platelet-activating factor-induced lipid body formation: requisite roles for 5-lipoxygenase and de novo protein synthesis in the compartmentalization of neutrophil lipids

Lipid bodies, lipid rich cytoplasmic inclusions, are characteristically abundant in vivo in leukocytes associated with inflammation. Because lipid bodies are potential reservoirs of esterified arachidonate and sites at which eicosanoid-forming enzymes may localize, we evaluated mechanisms of lipid body formation in neutrophils (PMN). Among receptor- mediated agonists, platelet activating factor (PAF), but not C5a, formyl-methyl-phenylalanine, interleukin 8, or leukotriene (LT) B4, induced the rapid formation of lipid bodies in PMN. This action of PAF was receptor mediated, as it was dose dependently inhibited by the PAF receptor antagonist WEB 2086 and blocked by pertussis toxin. Lipid body induction by PAF required 5-lipoxygenase (LO) activity and was inhibited by the 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein antagonist MK 886 and the 5-LO inhibitor zileuton, but not by cyclooxygenase inhibitors. Corroborating the dependency of PAF-induced lipid body formation on 5- LO, PMN and macrophages from wild-type mice, but not from 5-LO genetically deficient mice, formed lipid bodies on exposure to PAF both in vitro and in vivo within the pleural cavity. The 5-LO product inducing lipid body formation was not LTB4 but was 5(S)- hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid [5(S)-HETE], which was active at 10-fold lower concentrations than PAF and was also inhibited by pertussis toxin but not by zileuton or WEB 2086. Furthermore, 5-HETE was equally effective in inducing lipid body formation in both wild-type and 5-LO genetically deficient mice. Both PAF- and 5(S)-HETE-induced lipid body formation were inhibited by protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitors staurosporine and chelerythrine, the phospholipase C (PLC) inhibitors D609 and U-73122, and by actinomycin D and cycloheximide. Prior stimulation of human PMN with PAF to form lipid bodies enhanced eicosanoid production in response to submaximal stimulation with the calcium ionophore A23187; and the levels of both prostaglandin (PG) E2 and LTB4 correlated with the number of lipid bodies. Furthermore, pretreatment of cells with actinomycin D or cycloheximide inhibited not only the induction of lipid body formation by PAF, but also the PAF- induced "priming" for enhanced PGE2 and LTB4 in PMN. Thus, the compartmentalization of lipids to form lipid bodies in PMN is dependent on specific cellular responses that can be PAF receptor mediated, involves signaling through 5-LO to form 5-HETE and then through PKC and PLC, and requires new protein synthesis. Since increases in lipid body numbers correlated with priming for enhanced PGE2 and LTB4 production in PMN, the induction of lipid bodies may have a role in the formation of eicosanoid mediators by leukocytes involved in inflammation.
Beyond the visual word form area: The orthography–semantics interface in spelling and reading

Lexical orthographic information provides the basis for recovering the meanings of words in reading and for generating correct word spellings in writing. Research has provided evidence that an area of the left ventral temporal cortex, a subregion of what is often referred to as the visual word form area (VWFA), plays a significant role specifically in lexical orthographic processing. The current investigation goes beyond this previous work by examining the neurotopography of the interface of lexical orthography with semantics. We apply a novel lesion mapping approach with three individuals with acquired dysgraphia and dyslexia who suffered lesions to left ventral temporal cortex. To map cognitive processes to their neural substrates, this lesion mapping approach applies similar logical constraints to those used in cognitive neuropsychological research. Using this approach, this investigation: (a) identifies a region anterior to the VWFA that is important in the interface of orthographic information with semantics for reading and spelling; (b) determines that, within this orthography–semantics interface region (OSIR), access to orthography from semantics (spelling) is topographically distinct from access to semantics from orthography (reading); (c) provides evidence that, within this region, there is modality-specific access to and from lexical semantics for both spoken and written modalities, in both word production and comprehension. Overall, this study contributes to our understanding of the neural architecture at the lexical orthography–semantic–phonological interface within left ventral temporal cortex.
Self-regulation of motoric learning: A strategic cycle view

Abstract The effects of performance strategies, goal setting, and self-evaluative recording on the acquisition of a novel motoric skill were studied with 90 high school girls. It was hypothesized that greater acquisition would occur when (a) an analytic strategy was used instead of imaginal strategy, (b) practice goals were shifted dynamically during learning instead of remaining unchanging or fixed, and (c) self-evaluative recording of strategic performance processes was present rather than absent. Support for all three hypotheses was found. In addition to improving motoric skill acquisition, these same self-regulatory processes significantly enhanced three sources of learners' motivation: self-efficacy beliefs, self-satisfaction, and intrinsic interest. Additional analyses revealed that self-evaluative recording enhanced strategy attributions during learning which were predictive of improved self-efficacy, self-satisfaction, and intrinsic interest during posttesting. Self-efficacy was highly predictive .
Hybridizing Socrates: A Hybrid Approach to Teaching Graduate Research Methods

Graduate research methods are a staple of every criminal justice and criminology masters program. Traditionally, graduate research methods courses are offered in a face-to-face format, although more recently online offerings are becoming more common. This manuscript makes the case for a hybrid approach to teaching graduate research methods using a Socratic classroom approach combined with an online component that emphasizes writing and classmate critique. Students from two years of the course (n = 24) responded to a detailed survey assessing the utility and effectiveness of the online postings element. Responses indicate that required postings of sections of the research proposal were viewed positively; critiques of classmates’ sections contributed to understanding of material, but classmate recommendations were not viewed as useful. Recommendations are offered concerning the efficacy of blending in-class discussions with an online learning element.
A Structural Equation Modelling Approach for Assessing the Dimensions of the Optimum Stimulation Level

Abstract The current scales for assessing the exploratory tendency of consumers are mainly composite measures relied upon by the psychological characteristics of consumers with regard to their personality. At the present time, the available OSL (Optimum Stimulation Level) scales could be considered to be obsolete because they were devised and worded years ago. The cultural environment in which they were developed and tested is a major factor that could affect their validity across different cultural scenes. In addition to this, there is the lack of complete scientific rigor in some of the tests of these measures and, consequently, their reliability could be doubtful. The aim of this article is to review the relevant OSL measures and to test an exploratory behavior model based on the findings of this research. This paper is carefully structured into several sections: a review of the literature of the current OSL measures; an empirical test for identifying the OSL subscales in a different cultural scene and a test to verify these dimensions. Finally, and with the intention of shedding some light on this area of consumer behavior in marketing, an exploratory behavior model based on structural equations is proposed and tested.
Cancer incidence following hospitalization for multiple sclerosis in Denmark

ABSTRACT Incidence of various cancers was evaluated in a cohort of 5359 multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, identified through hospital discharge records between 1977 and 1987 and followed for an average of 5.2 years. Computerized linkage with the Danish Cancer Registry uncovered 210 cancer cases which was significantly more than expected based on national rates (relative risk (RR) = 1.29). Over half of the excess, however, was observed for non‐melanoma skin cancer and tumors of the urinary tract, which may be related to increased medical surveillance among MS patients compared to the Danish population as a whole. There was a significant excess of nasopharyngeal carcinomas in the cohort (RR = 17.3), but based on only 3 cases and seen only among women. Hematologic and lymphatic malignancies were not increased, adding little support to previous suggestions of a possible association of these malignancies with MS. An excess of brain tumors, seen only in women, may represent situations where the tumor caused symptoms which were interpreted as MS. Overall, the data suggest that a patient with MS is not at unusual risk for subsequent cancer development, but the relatively short follow‐up of the population is a limitation of the investigation.
COMMUNITY AND CARE WORK IN A WORLD OF CHANGING IDEOLOGIES

Seymour B. Sarason, one of the founders of community psychology, has stated the need for developing barometers of community changes. The authors present a methodology for identifying societal ideologies, ideological shifts and power relations as reflected by the language of public discourse. As a case study, systematic analyses of changes in the Norwegian language over the last two decades are presented. It is demonstrated how Norwegian society has been gradually transformed from a traditional Scandinavian welfare society towards the values and ideals of neo-liberalist market ideology: for instance, language reflects and supports competitive practices increasingly being applied to public service provision. Another example is that the public discourse of individual rights has gradually been overshadowing the discourse of community duties and obligations. On the other hand, the analyses also reveal counter-ideologies, reflected, for example, in the launching of new words and expressions critical to neo-liberalist ideology.
The formin family protein CaBni1p has a role in cell polarity control during both yeast and hyphal growth in Candida albicans

Formins are conserved eukaryotic proteins playing key roles in regulating cell polarity. We have characterized the roles of a formin CaBni1p in the polymorphic fungus Candida albicans. CaBni1p localized persistently to hyphal tips during hyphal growth but to distinct growth sites at different cell cycle stages during yeast growth. Cabni1Δ yeast cells exhibited several morphological defects, such as round and enlarged cells, widened bud necks and a random budding pattern. Although Cabni1Δ cells could still undergo yeast-hypha growth switch, the hyphae were markedly swollen. Cabni1Δ also showed defects in spindle and cytoplasmic microtubule orientation and positioning. Coincidentally, the spindle orientation protein CaKar9p in Cabni1Δ yeast cells appeared as multiple random cortical spots, in contrast to the single spot at the bud tip of many wild-type cells. Interestingly, several defects manifested in Cabni1Δ yeast cells were partially corrected during hyphal growth. We found that the second formin CaBnr1p was recruited to hyphal tips, while it localized only to the bud neck during yeast growth. This behavior of CaBnr1p may play a key role in correcting Cabni1Δ defects during hyphal growth. Cabni1Δ exhibited reduced virulence in mice. These results indicate that the formins play an important role in Candida albicans polarized growth and CaBni1p's function is required for virulence.