Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Class Questions: Feminist Answers

Chapter 1 Introduction-The Feminist Problem with Class Chapter 2 Feminists Theorizing Class-Issues and Arguments Chapter 3 Thinking About Gendered and Racialized Class Chapter 4 Is Capitalism Gendered and Racialized? Chapter 5 Large Organizations and the Production of Gendered and Racialized Class Chapter 6 Changes in Gendered and Racialized Class Chapter 7 Conclusion-Some Optimistic Proposals
DC-DC converter based on the switched-coupled-inductor quadratic boost converter and diode-capacitor Dickson multiplier

The very high voltage ratio has been achieved by introducing the switched-coupled-inductor to the quadratic boost converter and combining it with the diode-capacitor Dickson multiplier. The operating principles and steady-state analyses of continuous conduction mode are performed. The formulas to calculate the maximal voltage stresses on the transistor and on the diodes are provided. Simulation and experimental results of the 50W prototype confirm the theoretical analysis and the advantages of the proposed converter.
SnRK1A-Interacting Negative Regulators Modulate the Nutrient Starvation Signaling Sensor SnRK1 in Source-Sink Communication in Cereal Seedlings under Abiotic Stress [C] [W]

This work identifies a family of plant-specific SnRK1A-interacting negative regulators, SKINs, which repress SnRK1A-dependent sugar/nutrient starvation signaling by inhibiting the induction of enzyme expression facilitating nutrient mobilization under abiotic stress conditions. In plants, source-sink communication plays a pivotal role in crop productivity, yet the underlying regulatory mechanisms are largely unknown. The SnRK1A protein kinase and transcription factor MYBS1 regulate the sugar starvation signaling pathway during seedling growth in cereals. Here, we identified plant-specific SnRK1A-interacting negative regulators (SKINs). SKINs antagonize the function of SnRK1A, and the highly conserved GKSKSF domain is essential for SKINs to function as repressors. Overexpression of SKINs inhibits the expression of MYBS1 and hydrolases essential for mobilization of nutrient reserves in the endosperm, leading to inhibition of seedling growth. The expression of SKINs is highly inducible by drought and moderately by various stresses, which is likely related to the abscisic acid (ABA)–mediated repression of SnRK1A under stress. Overexpression of SKINs enhances ABA sensitivity for inhibition of seedling growth. ABA promotes the interaction between SnRK1A and SKINs and shifts the localization of SKINs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm, where it binds SnRK1A and prevents SnRK1A and MYBS1 from entering the nucleus. Our findings demonstrate that SnRK1A plays a key role regulating source-sink communication during seedling growth. Under abiotic stress, SKINs antagonize the function of SnRK1A, which is likely a key factor restricting seedling vigor.
Graph-based distributed cooperative navigation

This paper addresses the problem of distributed cooperative navigation. A new graph-based method is developed for on-demand calculation of the required correlation terms, considering a general multi-robot measurement model. These correlation terms are necessary for the consistent EKF-based data fusion when several statistically-dependent sources of information are used. The measurement model relates between the navigation information transmitted by any number of robots and the actual readings taken by the available onboard sensors. The transmitted information is not necessarily of the current time instant, but may actually belong to some time instant from the past. Experiment results and a theoretical example of the developed method are presented considering a three-view measurement, formulated upon receiving three images of the same scene, captured by different robots at different a priori unknown time instances.
Patterns of Anemia in Geriatric Age Group

Background: Anemia is a common concern in geriatric age group (more than 60 years of age) and can have significantly more severe complications than anemia in younger adults. WHO criteria determine anemia when the hemoglobin level is < 13g/dl in male and < 12 g/dl in female. Aim: To study the proportion and morphological patterns of anemia in geriatric patients. Material and Methods: A hospital based study of patients of geriatric age group who have attended geriatric clinic and clinical OPD from November 2010 to April 2012 were studied. Detailed laboratory studies of diagnostic tests were done. Results: Out of 654 cases, 448 were found to be anemic amounting to 68.5 percentages. Proportion of anemia in males was 67.6% and in females it was 69.8 %. All the patterns of anemia based on peripheral smear were evident. Normocytic anemia was the commonest pattern constituting 79.4%. Conclusion: Confirming the proportion and patterns of anemia is critical to direct the investigation for profiling the etiology since it is well known that the treatment of anemia goes a long way in improving the overall outcome and quality of life.
Long-term cost effects of collaborative care for late-life depression.

OBJECTIVE To determine the long-term effects on total healthcare costs of the Improving Mood: Promoting Access to Collaborative Treatment (IMPACT) program for late-life depression compared with usual care. STUDY DESIGN Randomized controlled trial with enrollment from July 1999 through August 2001. The IMPACT trial, conducted in primary care practices in 8 delivery organizations across the United States, enrolled 1801 depressed primary care patients 60 years or older. Data are from the 2 IMPACT sites for which 4-year cost data were available. Trial enrollment across these 2 health maintenance organizations was 551 patients. METHODS Participants were randomly assigned to the IMPACT intervention (n = 279) or to usual primary care (n = 272). Intervention patients had access to a depression care manager who provided education, behavioral activation, support of antidepressant medication management prescribed by their regular primary care provider, and problem-solving treatment in primary care for up to 12 months. Care managers were supervised by a psychiatrist and a primary care provider. The main outcome measures were healthcare costs during 4 years. RESULTS IMPACT participants had lower mean total healthcare costs ($29 422; 95% confidence interval, $26 479-$32 365) than usual care patients ($32 785; 95% confidence interval, $27 648-$37 921) during 4 years. Results of a bootstrap analysis suggested an 87% probability that the IMPACT program was associated with lower healthcare costs than usual care. CONCLUSION Compared with usual primary care, the IMPACT program is associated with a high probability of lower total healthcare costs during a 4-year period.
Information Leakage and Market Efficiency

This article analyzes the effects of information leakage on trading behavior and market efficiency. A trader who receives a noisy signal about a forthcoming public announcement can exploit it twice. First, when he receives it, and second, after the public announcement since he knows best the extent to which his information is already reflected in the pre-announcement price. Given his information he expects the price to overshoot and intends to partially revert his trade. While information leakage makes the price process more informative in the short-run, it reduces its informativeness in the long-run. The analysis supports Securities and Exchange Commission's Regulation Fair Disclosure. Copyright 2005, Oxford University Press.
Carbide‐Derived Carbons: Effect of Pore Size on Hydrogen Uptake and Heat of Adsorption

Cryoadsorption is a promising method of enhancing gravimetric and volumetric onboard H2 storage capacity for future transportation needs. Inexpensive carbide‐derived carbons (CDCs), produced by chlorination of metal carbides, have up to 80 % open‐pore volume with tunable pore size and specific surface area (SSA). Tuning the carbon structure and pore size with high sensitivity by using different starting carbides and chlorination temperatures allows rational design of carbon materials with enhanced C–H2 interaction and thus increased H2 storage capacity. A systematic experimental investigation of a large number of CDCs with controlled pore size distributions and SSAs shows how smaller pores increase both the heat of adsorption and the total volume of adsorbed H2. It has been demonstrated that increasing the average heat of H2 adsorption above 6.6 kJ mol–1 substantially enhances H2 uptake at 1 atm (1 atm = 101 325 Pa) and –196 °C. The heats of adsorption up to 11 kJ mol–1 exceed values reported for metal–organic framework compounds and carbon nanotubes.
Review of the genus Laelaspisella Marais & Loots, with the description of a new species from Iran (Acari, Laelapidae)

Abstract A new species of mite is described from Iran, Laelaspisella elsae sp. n. (Acari: Laelapidae). The new species was collected from bark of elm trees in Isfahan province. A revised diagnosis for Laelaspisella, as well as a key to the world species of the genus, are presented. Two species groups of Laelaspisella are proposed: those with seta pd3 on genu I and those without pd3 on genu I. Pseudoparasitus (Gymnolaelaps) tonsilis Karg, 1989a is transferred to Laelaspisella, based on its hypertrichous holodorsal shield, metasternal setae st4 absent and genu IV with ten setae. The problems with Laelaspisella canestrinii are explained and Laelaspisella canestrinii sensu Berlese (1903), (1904) and Costa (1962) is provided with a new name, Laelaspisella berlesei Joharchi, nom. n.
Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases Bacterial Infections in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients

Bacterial infections are major complications after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant (HSCT). They consist mainly of bloodstream infections (BSI), followed by pneumonia and gastrointestinal infections, including typhlitis and Clostridium difficile infection. Microbiological data come mostly from BSI. Coagulase negative staphylococci and Enterobacteriaceae are the most frequent pathogens causing approximately 25% of BSI each, followed by enterococci, P. aeruginosa and viridans streptococci. Bacterial pneumonia is frequent after HSCT, and Gram-negatives are predominant. Clostridium difficile infection affects approximately 15% of HSCT recipients, being more frequent in case of allogeneic than autologous HSCT. The epidemiology and the prevalence of resistant strains vary significantly between transplant centres. In some regions, multi-drug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative rods are increasingly frequent. In others, vancomycin-resistant enterococci are predominant. In the era of increasing resistance to antibiotics, the efficacy of fluoroquinolone prophylaxis and standard treatment of febrile neutropenia have been questioned. Therefore, a thorough evaluation of local epidemiology is mandatory to decide the need for prophylaxis and the choice of the best regimen for empirical treatment of febrile neutropenia. For the latter, individualised approach has been proposed, consisting of either escalation or de-escalation strategy. De-escalation strategy is recommended since resistant bacteria should be covered upfront, mainly in patients with severe clinical presentation and previous infection or colonisation with a resistant pathogen. Non-pharmacological interventions, such as screening for resistant bacteria, applying isolation and contact precautions should be put in place to limit the spread of MDR bacteria. Antimicrobial stewardship program should be implemented in transplant centres. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Introduction. Bacterial infections are among the major complications of hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT). The most frequent clinical entities are bloodstream infections (BSI), pneumonia and gastrointestinal infections, which include typhlitis and infections due to Clostridium difficile. Infections due to Gram-negative rods used to be the main cause of infection-related mortality during neutropenia. Fortunately, over the decades numerous successful strategies have been developed to limit the negative
Norepinephrine- and Phorbol Ester-induced Phosphorylation of α1a-Adrenergic Receptors

Maximal adrenergic responses in Rat-1 fibroblasts expressing α1a-adrenergic receptors are not blocked by activation of protein kinase C. In contrast, activation of protein kinase C induces the phosphorylation of α1b-adrenoreceptors and blocks their actions. The effect of norepinephrine and phorbol esters on α1a-adrenoreceptor phosphorylation and coupling to G proteins were studied. Both stimuli lead to dose-dependent receptor phosphorylation. Interestingly, protein kinase C activation affected to a much lesser extent the actions of α1a-adrenergic receptors than those of the α1b subtype (norepinephrine elicited increases in calcium in whole cells and [35S]GTPγS binding to membranes). Basal phosphorylation of α1a-adrenergic receptors was much less than that observed with the α1b subtype. The carboxyl terminus seems to be the main domain for receptor phosphorylation. Therefore, chimeric receptors, where the carboxyl-terminal tails of α1a and α1badrenergic receptors were exchanged, were constructed and expressed. α1a-Adrenoreceptors wearing the carboxyl tail of the α1b subtype had a high basal phosphorylation and displayed a strong phosphorylation in response to norepinephrine and phorbol esters. Our results demonstrate that stimulation of α1a-adrenergic receptor, or activation of protein kinase C, leads to α1a-adrenergic receptor phosphorylation. α1a-Adrenoreceptors are affected to a much lesser extent than α1b-adrenoreceptors by protein kinase C activation.
Hybrid stereo camera: an IBR approach for synthesis of very high resolution stereoscopic image sequences

This paper introduces a novel application of IBR technology for efficient rendering of high quality CG and live action stereoscopic sequences. Traditionally, IBR has been applied to render novel views using image and depth based representations of the plenoptic functions. In this work, we present a restricted form of IBR in which lower resolution images for the views to be generated at a very high resolution are assumed to be available. Specifically, the paper addresses the problem of synthesizing stereo IMAX(R)1 3D motion picture images at a standard resolution of 4-6K. At such high resolutions, producing CG content is extremely time consuming and capturing live action requires bulky cameras. We propose a Hybrid Stereo Camera concept in which one view is rendered at the target high resolution but the other is rendered at a much lower resolution. Methods for synthesizing the second view sequence at the target resolution using image analysis and IBR techniques are the focus of this work. The high quality results from the techniques presented in this paper have been visually evaluated in the IMAX 3D large screen projection environment. The paper also highlights generalizations and extensions of the hybrid stereo camera concept.
Social based throwbox placement in large-scale throwbox-assisted Delay Tolerant Networks

Recent advances in Delay Tolerant Networks (DTNs) allow delivering packets among mobile devices via opportunistic communications during intermittent contacts. However, the lack of rich contact opportunities still causes poor delivery ratio and long delay of DTN routing, especially for large-scale networks. Deployment of additional stationary throwboxes can create a greater number of contact opportunities, thus improve the performance of DTN routing. However, the locations of deployed throwboxes are critical to such improvement. In this paper, we investigate where to deploy throwboxes in a large-scale throwbox-assisted DTN. By leveraging the social properties discovered from real-life tracing data, we propose a set of social-based throwbox placement algorithms which smartly pick the location of each throwbox. Extensive simulations are conducted with a real-life wireless tracing dataset and a wide range of existing DTN routing methods. The results confirm the efficiency of the proposed methods.
Utilization of corn-cob meal and faba bean straw in growing rabbits diets and their effects on performance, digestibility and economical efficiency.

Weaned V-line rabbits aged 6 weeks (n: 84), were randomly distributed into 7 experimental groups to evaluate barley, corn-cob meal (CCM), Alfalfa hay, berseem hay (Egyptian clover) and dried Faba bean straw (DFBS). The evaluation included chemical analysis and effects of substituting 30% CCM instate of barley as an energy source with Alfalfa hay, berseem hay, or DFBS each at 25% as a fiber source on productive performance, carcass traits, nutrients digestion coefficients and economical efficiency. Each experimental group involved 12 rabbits, with 4 replicates of 3 rabbits each. The experimental period lasted from 6 to 12 weeks of age. Results could be summarized as follow: 1- Higher NFE and EE values present CCM as a potential energy source for livestock, while Alfalfa hay had higher CP and EE followed by berseem hay. 2- Higher feed intake (FI) was noted for the control, while lower FI were recorded for all other treatments which averaged 13.95 to 18.14% of the control. Impaired Feed conversion ratio (FCR; 3.69 g./ g.) was recorded due to feeding the control, with better FCR averaging 3.22 g. / g. for all other treatments. 3- Significantly higher protein, digestible energy (DE) and fiber intakes were noted for the control, while overall DE intake of the control was similar to CCM with Faba beans straw. 4- Lower abdominal fat was noted for CCM with Faba beans straw (5.73%), Moreover, an increase in small intestine length was recorded for CCM with Alfalfa hay (362.50 cm), and longer caecum was noted for rabbits fed Barley with Alfalfa hay (13.38 cm).
Assessing Health Span in Caenorhabditis elegans: Lessons From Short-Lived Mutants

Genetic changes resulting in increased life span are often positively associated with enhanced stress resistance and somatic maintenance. A recent study found that certain long-lived Caenorhabditis elegans mutants spent a decreased proportion of total life in a healthy state compared with controls, raising concerns about how the relationship between health and longevity is assessed. We evaluated seven markers of health and two health-span models for their suitability in assessing age-associated health in invertebrates using C elegans strains not expected to outperform wild-type animals. Additionally, we used an empirical method to determine the transition point into failing health based on the greatest rate of change with age for each marker. As expected, animals with mutations causing sickness or accelerated aging had reduced health span when compared chronologically to wild-type animals. Physiological health span, the proportion of total life spent healthy, was reduced for locomotion markers in chronically ill mutants, but, surprisingly, was extended for thermotolerance. In contrast, all short-lived mutants had reduced "quality-of-life" in another model recently employed for assessing invertebrate health. Results suggest that the interpretation of physiological health span is not straightforward, possibly because it factors out time and thus does not account for the added cost of extrinsic forces on longer-lived strains.
Enteric‐coated cholylsarcosine microgranules for the treatment of short bowel syndrome

Cholylsarcosine (CS) is a semisynthetic bile salt that may be useful in bile salt replacement therapy of short bowel syndrome (SBS). In SBS the bile salt pool becomes depleted, disturbing the uptake of dietary lipids and resulting in weight loss. Previous studies showed that CS in a simple capsule formulation of 1.5–12 g day−1 can increase the uptake of lipids but often results in gastric irritation. In this work a microgranule dosage form was developed to protect the gastric mucosa while facilitating rapid generation of CS levels in the duodenum. CS microgranules were produced by wet granulation and coated with Eudragit L30D‐55 in a fluidized‐bed coater. The in‐vitro dissolution rate of CS from the microgranules was investigated with USP apparatus under fasted‐ and fed‐state conditions. CS release was delayed under simulated gastric conditions (pH 1.2 and 4.5) but was very fast at higher pH values (5.5, 5.8 and 6.5) more typical of the duodenum. In a pilot clinical trial, four patients received 4 g CS with meals (1.5 g with lunch, 2.5 g with dinner) for 1 week. The parameters investigated were fat absorption coefficient (FAC%), serum β‐carotene level and faecal weight. Although study numbers were too small to achieve statistical significance, the serum β‐carotene level and FAC% increased in the three patients who completed the trial. As expected, the fecal weight did not change. The results indicate that the CS microgranules are promising for the treatment of the intraluminal bile salt deficiency in patients with SBS.
Lock Elision on Intel Processors

Transactional Memory (TM) is a promising alternative to lockbased synchronization mechanisms. This report analyses the state of art and existing implementations of TM, focusing, in particular, on Hardware Read-Write Lock Elision (HRWLE). HRWLE is a recently proposed technique that exploits the hardware TM supports of IBM Power8 (P8) processor to build a speculative implementation of the well-known read-write lock abstraction. Unfortunately, though, the reliance on hardware features that are only available on P8 represents a key limitation of HRWLE, which prevents its usage on commodity processors by other vendors in particular Intels CPUs, which also ship with Hardware Transactional Memory (HTM) support and are more commonly employed than P8. The dissertation proposal detailed in this document will aim at tackling precisely this limitation, by designing, implementing and evaluating alternative HRWLE algorithms that will not rely on specific features of Power8 processors and, as such, will be usable in broader contexts. In addition to defining goals, this report also presents an initial algorithm implementation and some preliminary results compared to other common TM implementations.
Structure of Human RNase L Reveals the Basis for Regulated RNA Decay in the IFN Response

Crossed Homodimer Our cells respond to infection by releasing interferons, which protect neighboring cells, in part through the cleavage of intracellular RNA by a protein kinase family receptor, RNase L. RNase L is activated by 2′,5″-linked oligoadenylates (the second messenger 2-5 A), sensors of pathogen- and damage-associated RNA. Han et al. (p. 1244, published online 27 February) report crystal structures of human RNase L in complexes with 2-5 A, nucleotides, and an 18-nucleotide oligomer RNA target. The crystal structure of an interferon-induced ribonuclease shows how it selects and shreds its RNA targets. One of the hallmark mechanisms activated by type I interferons (IFNs) in human tissues involves cleavage of intracellular RNA by the kinase homology endoribonuclease RNase L. We report 2.8 and 2.1 angstrom crystal structures of human RNase L in complexes with synthetic and natural ligands and a fragment of an RNA substrate. RNase L forms a crossed homodimer stabilized by ankyrin (ANK) and kinase homology (KH) domains, which positions two kinase extension nuclease (KEN) domains for asymmetric RNA recognition. One KEN protomer recognizes an identity nucleotide (U), whereas the other protomer cleaves RNA between nucleotides +1 and +2. The coordinated action of the ANK, KH, and KEN domains thereby provides regulated, sequence-specific cleavage of viral and host RNA targets by RNase L.