Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Identification of Structural Parameters Using Combined Power Flow and Acceleration Approach in a Substructure

This paper presents the application of a power flow parameter to improve system identification results when used along with conventional acceleration matching techniques. In this paper the power balance concept is implemented in a substructure to estimate the stiffness and damping coefficients from time domain responses. Power flows are calculated using the time averaged product of force and velocity at the input and substructure interfaces of a substructure. The concept of power flow balance through the substructures is to equate the input power against the dissipated and transmitted powers and by reducing any imbalance to zero using optimization methods. No extra sensors are needed to include criteria of power flow balance along with acceleration matching. Numerical simulations are performed for substructures from a 10 degree-of-freedom (DOF) lumped mass system, a planar truss of 55 elements with 44 DOF and a cantilever beam of 20 elements to evaluate the feasibility of the proposed method. In numerical simulations, noise free and noise contaminated response measurements are considered. The Particle Swarm approach is used as the Optimization algorithm, and the fitness function is defined to minimize the error with weighted aggregation multi-objective optimization (MO) technique. The results demonstrate that the proposed combined method is more accurate in identifying the structural parameters of a system compared to conventional acceleration based matching methods.
Discovery of entrepreneurial opportunities: A gender perspective

Purpose – The aim of this paper is twofold. First, it intends to analyze the influence of human capital and social capital on the second of the stages in the process of entrepreneurial creation established by Shane and Venkataraman, the discovery of opportunities for creating a business. Second, it aims to analyze the existence of gender differences both in the discovery of opportunities and in the stock of human and social capital possessed by men and women.Design/methodology/approach – The authors use data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Spanish Project. From a random sample of 28,888 individuals, which is representative of the whole of the Spanish population between the ages of 18 and 64, the opinion of 1,473 active entrepreneurs has been gained. Also, logistic regressions were used as a statistical method to test the hypotheses proposed.Findings – The results indicate that individuals possessing a greater stock of human capital, as well as those who are highly involved in broad social network.
Are You Ready to Lock?

In addition to storing a plethora of sensitive personal and work information, smartphones also store sensor data about users and their daily activities. In order to understand users' behaviors and attitudes towards the security of their smartphone data, we conducted 28 qualitative interviews. We examined why users choose (or choose not) to employ locking mechanisms (e.g., PINs) and their perceptions and awareness about the sensitivity of the data stored on their devices. We performed two additional online experiments to quantify our interview results and the extent to which sensitive data could be found in a user's smartphone-accessible email archive. We observed a strong correlation between use of security features and risk perceptions, which indicates rational behavior. However, we also observed that most users likely underestimate the extent to which data stored on their smartphones pervades their identities, online and offline.
Robustness and accuracy of functional modules in integrated network analysis

MOTIVATION High-throughput molecular data provide a wealth of information that can be integrated into network analysis. Several approaches exist that identify functional modules in the context of integrated biological networks. The objective of this study is 2-fold: first, to assess the accuracy and variability of identified modules and second, to develop an algorithm for deriving highly robust and accurate solutions. RESULTS In a comparative simulation study accuracy and robustness of the proposed and established methodologies are validated, considering various sources of variation in the data. To assess this variation, we propose a jackknife resampling procedure resulting in an ensemble of optimal modules. A consensus approach summarizes the ensemble into one final module containing maximally robust nodes and edges. The resulting consensus module identifies and visualizes robust and variable regions by assigning support values to nodes and edges. Finally, the proposed approach is exemplified on two large gene expression studies: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Vicarious pain while observing another in pain: an experimental approach

Objective: This study aimed at developing an experimental paradigm to assess vicarious pain experiences. We further explored the putative moderating role of observer's characteristics such as hypervigilance for pain and dispositional empathy. Methods: Two experiments are reported using a similar procedure. Undergraduate students were selected based upon whether they reported vicarious pain in daily life, and categorized into a pain responder group or a comparison group. Participants were presented a series of videos showing hands being pricked whilst receiving occasionally pricking (electrocutaneous) stimuli themselves. In congruent trials, pricking and visual stimuli were applied to the same spatial location. In incongruent trials, pricking and visual stimuli were in the opposite spatial location. Participants were required to report on which location they felt a pricking sensation. Of primary interest was the effect of viewing another in pain upon vicarious pain errors, i.e., the number of trials in which an illusionary sensation was reported. Furthermore, we explored the effect of individual differences in hypervigilance to pain, dispositional empathy and the rubber hand illusion (RHI) upon vicarious pain errors. Results: Results of both experiments indicated that the number of vicarious pain errors was overall low. In line with expectations, the number of vicarious pain errors was higher in the pain responder group than in the comparison group. Self-reported hypervigilance for pain lowered the probability of reporting vicarious pain errors in the pain responder group, but dispositional empathy and the RHI did not. Conclusion: Our paradigm allows measuring vicarious pain experiences in students. However, the prevalence of vicarious experiences of pain is low, and only a small percentage of participants display the phenomenon. It remains however unknown which variables affect its occurrence.
Clinical Interventions in Aging Dovepress Comparison of Hybrid Procedure and Open Surgical Revascularization for Multilevel Infrainguinal Arterial Occlusive Disease

Objective: To compare outcomes of hybrid (combined surgical and endovascular) procedures (HYBRID) with open surgical reconstructions (OPEN) in patients with multilevel infrainguinal artery occlusive diseases. Design: Case series study with retrospective analysis of prospectively collected nonrandom-ized data. Patient characteristics, technique success, clinical improvement, and procedure-related morbidity were reviewed and compared. Patency rates and limb salvages were analyzed and compared using Kaplan–Meier life tables. Cox regression analyses were used to assess the influence of various risk factors on primary patency. Results: HYBRID patients were older and presented with worse New York Heart Association function compared with OPEN patients. The increase in the ankle-brachial index and improvement of Ruthford category after procedures were equivalent between two groups, but HYBRID patients had shorter hospital length of stay (7.6±12.0 versus 15.5±17.3; P= 0.018) and less overall perioperative morbidity (12% versus 28%; P=0.042) compared with OPEN patients. No statistically significant difference in 36-month primary (47. Critical limb ischemia was a negative predictor of long-term patency of patients in both the HYBRID and OPEN groups (P=0.012 and P0.001, respectively), and the presence of diabetes and renal insufficiency were another two independent predictors of decreased primary patency for HYBRID (P=0.017 and P=0.019, respectively). Conclusion: Multilevel infrainguinal artery occlusive diseases could be treated by hybrid procedure, with shorter hospitalization, less perioperative morbidity, and similar early-and long-term efficacy compared with open revascularization. A hybrid procedure should be considered for patients with high surgical risk, but critical limb ischemia, diabetes, and renal insufficiency could compromise its long-term patency.
Molecular Evolution and Genetic Variation of G2-Like Transcription Factor Genes in Maize

The productivity of maize (Zea mays L.) depends on the development of chloroplasts, and G2-like transcription factors play a central role in regulating chloroplast development. In this study, we identified 59 G2-like genes in the B73 maize genome and systematically analyzed these genes at the molecular and evolutionary levels. Based on gene structure character, motif compositions and phylogenetic analysis, maize G2-like genes (ZmG1- ZmG59) were divided into seven groups (I-VII). By synteny analysis, 18 collinear gene pairs and strongly conserved microsyntny among regions hosting G2-like genes across maize and sorghum were found. Here, we showed that the vast majority of ZmG gene duplications resulted from whole genome duplication events rather than tandem duplications. After gene duplication events, some ZmG genes were silenced. The functions of G2-like genes were multifarious and most genes that are expressed in green tissues may relate to maize photosynthesis. The qRT-PCR showed that the expression of these genes was sensitive to low temperature and drought. Furthermore, we analyzed differences of ZmGs specific to cultivars in temperate and tropical regions at the population level. Interestingly, the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis revealed that nucleotide polymorphism associated with different temperature zones. Above all, G2-like genes were highly conserved during evolution, but polymorphism could be caused due to a different geographical location. Moreover, G2-like genes might be related to cold and drought stresses.
Tissue Engineering the Cornea: The Evolution of RAFT

Corneal blindness affects over 10 million people worldwide and current treatment strategies often involve replacement of the defective layer with healthy tissue. Due to a worldwide donor cornea shortage and the absence of suitable biological scaffolds, recent research has focused on the development of tissue engineering techniques to create alternative therapies. This review will detail how we have refined the simple engineering technique of plastic compression of collagen to a process we now call Real Architecture for 3D Tissues (RAFT). The RAFT production process has been standardised, and steps have been taken to consider Good Manufacturing Practice compliance. The evolution of this process has allowed us to create biomimetic epithelial and endothelial tissue equivalents suitable for transplantation and ideal for studying cell-cell interactions in vitro.
An implementation of the path integrator mechanism of head direction cells for bio-mimetic navigation

Head direction cells are thought to be an integral part of the neural navigation system. These cells track the agent's current head direction irrespective of the host's location. In doing so, they process a combination of inputs: angular velocity and visual inputs are major effectors; to correctly encode the agent's current heading. There are close to fifteen models of head direction cell systems found in literature today. Very few of these models have been implemented for bio-mimetic navigation in robots. In this paper, we describe an implementation of the head direction cell system on the robot operating system (ROS) robotic platform as a first step towards a bio-mimetic navigation system for Willow Garage's personal robot 2 (PR2) robot.
The Outcomes of Treating Femoral Neck Fractures Using Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty

Background: Femoral neck fractures (FNF) are a challenging orthopedic problem, and their appropriate treatment remains controversial. Nowadays, bipolar hemiarthroplasty (BHA) is increasingly used to treat FNF. Objectives: In the current retrospective study, we investigated the outcomes of treating FNF with BHA. Methods: There were 55 patients with FNF enrolled in the current retrospective study. The variables measured were mortality in the first postoperative year, returning to the pre-injury activity level, the harris hip score (HHS) and pain intensity based on a visual analogue scale (VAS) at the last visit. The correlation between a delay in surgery, and mortality and HHS were investigated. Results: Sixteen patients died within the first postoperative year (29%). HHS and VAS averaged 83.5 ± 15.5 and 0.7 ± 0.9, respectively. Patients who achieved good or excellent outcomes were 72% and 74% returned to their previous activity level. Of the study group, 95% of patients ambulated with or without using assistive devices. Although we found no significant correlation between delay in surgery, and mortality or HHS, HHS decreased with increased time interval between injury and surgery. Conclusions: The rate of mortality in the first postoperative year was high; however, functional outcomes were satisfactory. Most of the patients could return to their previous activity levels. In the current study, we found no significant correlation between delay in surgery, and mortality at the first postoperative year and HHS.
1 REWARD-ASSOCIATED GAMMA OSCILLATIONS IN VENTRAL STRIATUM 1 ARE REGIONALLY DIFFERENTIATED AND MODULATE LOCAL FIRING 2 ACTIVITY 3 4

20 Oscillations of local field potentials in the gamma range are found in many brain regions and 21 are supposed to support the temporal organisation of cognitive, perceptual and motor 22 functions. Even though gamma oscillations have also been observed in ventral striatum, one 23 of the brain’s most important structures for motivated behaviour and reward processing, their 24 specific function during ongoing behaviour is unknown. Using a movable tetrode array, we 25 recorded local field potentials and activity of neural ensembles in the ventral striatum of rats 26 performing a reward collection task. Rats were running along a triangle track and in each 27 round collected one out of three different types of rewards. The gamma power of local field 28 potentials on subsets of tetrodes was modulated by reward site visits, discriminated between 29 reward types, between baitedness of reward locations and was different before vs. after arrival 30 at a reward site. Many single units in ventral striatum phase-locked their discharge pattern to 31 the gamma oscillations of the local field potentials. Phase-locking occurred more often in 32 reward-related than reward–unrelated neurons and LFPs . A substantial number of 33 simultaneously recorded local field potentials correlated poorly with each other in terms of 34 gamma rhythmicity, indicating that the expression of gamma activity was heterogeneous and 35 regionally differentiated. The orchestration of local field potentials and single unit activity by 36 way of gamma rhythmicity sheds light on the functional architecture of the ventral striatum 37 and the temporal coordination of ventral striatal activity for modulating downstream areas and 38 regulating synaptic plasticity. 39 40
The New Keynesian Phillips Curve for a small open economy

The New Keynesian Phillips Curve (NKPC) has become the benchmark model for understanding inflation in modern monetary economics. One reason for the popularity is the microfoundation of the model, which decomposes agents' behaviour into price adjustments and deviations of the price level from its target. The empirical relevance of the NKPC is, however, a matter of debate as recent studies reveal that some supportive evidence depends crucially on the econometric methods applied. We show how to evaluate the features of the model using cointegration techniques and tests based on both single-behavioural equations and cointegrated VAR models. Our results indicate that the forward-looking part of the NKPC is most likely at odds with Norwegian data. By contrast, we establish a well-specified dynamic model interpreted as a standard backward-looking mark-up price equation. We also demonstrate that the dynamic mark-up model forecasts well post-sample and during a major change in the monetary policy regime, which certainly is strong evidence in favour of this model. Consequently, we conclude that taking account of forward-looking behaviour when modelling consumer price inflation in Norway seems unnecessary to arrive at a well-specified model by econometric criteria.
Preclinical Evaluation of the Immunogenicity and Safety of an Inactivated Enterovirus 71 Candidate Vaccine

Human enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality from Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease (HFMD) and neurological complications, particularly in young children in the Asia-Pacific region. There are no vaccines or antiviral therapies currently available for prevention or treatment of HFMD caused by EV71. Therefore, the development of therapeutic and preventive strategies against HFMD is of growing importance. We report the immunogenic and safety profile of inactivated, purified EV71 preparations formulated with aluminum hydroxide adjuvant in preclinical studies in mice and rabbits. In mice, the candidate vaccine formulations elicited high neutralizing antibody responses. A toxicology study of the vaccine formulations planned for human use performed in rabbits showed no vaccine-related pathological changes and all animals remained healthy. Based on these preclinical studies, Phase 1 clinical testing of the EV71 inactivated vaccine was initiated.
Crowdsourcing Human Annotation on Web Page Structure

Parsing the semantic structure of a web page is a key component of web information extraction. Successful extraction algorithms usually require large-scale training and evaluation datasets, which are difficult to acquire. Recently, crowdsourcing has proven to be an effective method of collecting large-scale training data in domains that do not require much domain knowledge. For more complex domains, researchers have proposed sophisticated quality control mechanisms to replicate tasks in parallel or sequential ways and then aggregate responses from multiple workers. Conventional annotation integration methods often put more trust in the workers with high historical performance; thus, they are called performance-based methods. Recently, Rzeszotarski and Kittur have demonstrated that behavioral features are also highly correlated with annotation quality in several crowdsourcing applications. In this article, we present a new crowdsourcing system, called Wernicke, to provide annotations for web information extraction. Wernicke collects a wide set of behavioral features and, based on these features, predicts annotation quality for a challenging task domain: annotating web page structure. We evaluate the effectiveness of quality control using behavioral features through a case study where 32 workers annotate 200 Q&A web pages from five popular websites. In doing so, we discover several things: (1) Many behavioral features are significant predictors for crowdsourcing quality. (2) The behavioral-feature-based method outperforms performance-based methods in recall prediction, while performing equally with precision prediction. In addition, using behavioral features is less vulnerable to the cold-start problem, and the corresponding prediction model is more generalizable for predicting recall than precision for cross-website quality analysis. (3) One can effectively combine workers’ behavioral information and historical performance information to further reduce prediction errors.
Exacerbated Responses to Oxidative Stress by an Na+Load in Isolated Nerve Terminals: the Role of ATP Depletion and Rise of [Ca2+]i

We have explored the consequences of a [Na+]i load and oxidative stress in isolated nerve terminals. The Na+ load was achieved by veratridine (5–40 μm), which allows Na+ entry via a voltage-operated Na+ channel, and oxidative stress was induced by hydrogen peroxide (0.1–0.5 mm). Remarkably, neither the [Na+]i load nor exposure to H2O2 had any major effect on [Ca2+]i, mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψm), or ATP level. However, the combination of an Na+ load and oxidative stress caused ATP depletion, a collapse of Δψm, and a progressive deregulation of [Ca2+]i and [Na+]i homeostasis. The decrease in the ATP level was unrelated to an increase in [Ca2+]i and paralleled the rise in [Na+]i. The loss of Δψm was prevented in the absence of Ca2+ but unaltered in the presence of cyclosporin A. We conclude that the increased ATP consumption by the Na,K–ATPase that results from a modest [Na+]i load places an additional demand on mitochondria metabolically compromised by an oxidative stress, which are unable to produce a sufficient amount of ATP to fuel the ATP-driven ion pumps. This results in a deregulation of [Na+]i and [Ca2+]i, and as a result of the latter, collapse of Δψm. The vicious cycle generated in the combined presence of Na+ load and oxidative stress could be an important factor in the neuronal injury produced by ischemia or excitotoxicity, in which the oxidative insult is superimposed on a disturbed Na+ homeostasis.
An asynchronous interaction pattern for web service driven by Shared Memory

Establishing the pattern of asynchronous interaction among services is a key to apply Web Service into large-scale scene. But current researches have not presented any interaction models which conform to the design style of Web, i.e. REST. Combining with asynchronous communication and persistent information sharing, this paper introduces Shared Memory into the design of Web Service, and provides a persistent and asynchronous interaction pattern, which presents global information sharing. Firstly, an asynchronous interaction model of Web Service based on Shared Memory is presented. And then, a consistent protocol of Shared Memory, which guarantees reasonable asynchronous interaction among services, is established. Finally, the workflow of the model in the paper is illuminated using an instance on the service interaction. The result of analysis shows that the model in the paper provides an asynchronous interaction model according with REST style for Web Service.