Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Modelling information flow and sharing matrix for fresh food supply chains

Despite much research on supply chain (SC) integration and the growing emphasis on recent information technology advancements as an enabler of improved performance, there has been limited research focussed specifically on information integration in supply chains (SCs). The purpose of this paper is to systematically review the literature on information integration in the fresh food supply chain (FFSC) from a holistic perspective. ,Literature review is done by systematically collecting and analysing the recent literature to identify various participant entities of the FFSC information network and their specific information needs. ,The information needs of FFSC entities are diverse but the needs are common across multiple entities. ,This study only reviewed the FFSC-related literature; an extended study of the food industry may reveal a more comprehensive view. ,These findings are useful for practitioners in understanding the participant entities in the information network and their information needs and for policymakers in formulating FFSC development initiatives. ,The authors are not aware of another study that investigates the FFSC in a holistic approach, one that identifies the actors, their interactions and information needs.
Impact of Glucose Tolerance Status on Development of Ischemic Stroke and Coronary Heart Disease in a General Japanese Population: The Hisayama Study

Background and Purpose— Few studies have shown the association between glucose tolerance status defined by a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test and the development of different types of cardiovascular disease. Methods— A total of 2421 community-dwelling Japanese subjects aged 40 to 79 years who underwent the oral glucose tolerance test were followed up for 14 years. Results— In multivariable analysis, the risks of ischemic stroke in both sexes and coronary heart disease (CHD) in women were significantly higher in subjects with diabetes determined by the World Health Organization criteria than in those with normal glucose tolerance even after adjustment for other confounding factors, but such association was not seen for CHD in men (ischemic stroke: adjusted hazard ratio [HR]=2.54, P=0.002 in men; adjusted HR=2.02, P=0.03 in women; CHD: adjusted HR=1.26, P=0.47 in men; adjusted HR=3.46, P=0.002 in women). Similar associations were observed for fasting plasma glucose levels of ≥7.0 mmol/L (ischemic stroke: adjusted HR=2.15, P=0.03 in men; adjusted HR=2.10, P=0.045 in women; CHD: adjusted HR=1.29, P=0.47 in men; adjusted HR=3.83, P=0.003 in women) and for 2-hour postload glucose levels of ≥11.1 mmol/L (ischemic stroke: adjusted HR=2.71, P=0.003 in men; adjusted HR=2.19, P=0.03 in women; CHD: adjusted HR=1.58, P=0.16 in men; adjusted HR=4.44, P<0.001 in women). The age-adjusted incidences of ischemic stroke and CHD did not significantly increase in subjects with impaired fasting glycemia or impaired glucose tolerance in either sex. Conclusions— Our findings suggest that diabetes is an independent risk factor for ischemic stroke in both sexes and CHD in women in the Japanese population.
Prefrontal Cortical Response to Conflict during Semantic and Phonological Tasks

Debates about the function of the prefrontal cortex are as old as the field of neuropsychologyoften dated to Paul Broca's seminal work. Theories of the functional organization of the prefrontal cortex can be roughly divided into those that describe organization by process and those that describe organization by material. Recent studies of the function of the posterior, left inferior frontal gyrus (pLIFG) have yielded two quite different interpretations: One hypothesis holds that the pLIFG plays a domain-specific role in phonological processing, whereas another hypothesis describes a more general function of the pLIFG in cognitive control. In the current study, we distinguish effects of increasing cognitive control demands from effects of phonological processing. The results support the hypothesized role for the pLIFG in cognitive control, and more task-specific roles for posterior areas in phonology and semantics. Thus, these results suggest an alternative explanation of previously reported phonology-specific effects in the pLIFG.
Discrete Coding of Reward Probability and Uncertainty by Dopamine Neurons

Uncertainty is critical in the measure of information and in assessing the accuracy of predictions. It is determined by probability P, being maximal at P = 0.5 and decreasing at higher and lower probabilities. Using distinct stimuli to indicate the probability of reward, we found that the phasic activation of dopamine neurons varied monotonically across the full range of probabilities, supporting past claims that this response codes the discrepancy between predicted and actual reward. In contrast, a previously unobserved response covaried with uncertainty and consisted of a gradual increase in activity until the potential time of reward. The coding of uncertainty suggests a possible role for dopamine signals in attention-based learning and risk-taking behavior.
Implementation of state-of-the-art ternary new-particle formation scheme to the regional chemical transport model PMCAMx-UF in Europe

Abstract. The particle formation scheme within PMCAMx-UF, a three-dimensional chemical transport model, was updated with particle formation rates for the ternary H2SO4–NH3–H2O pathway simulated by the Atmospheric Cluster Dynamics Code (ACDC) using quantum chemical input data. The model was applied over Europe for May 2008, during which the EUCAARI-LONGREX (European Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality Interactions–Long-Range Experiment) campaign was carried out, providing aircraft vertical profiles of aerosol number concentrations. The updated model reproduces the observed number concentrations of particles larger than 4 nm within 1 order of magnitude throughout the atmospheric column. This agreement is encouraging considering the fact that no semi-empirical fitting was needed to obtain realistic particle formation rates. The cloud adjustment scheme for modifying the photolysis rate profiles within PMCAMx-UF was also updated with the TUV (Tropospheric Ultraviolet and Visible) radiative-transfer model. Results show that, although the effect of the new cloud adjustment scheme on total number concentrations is small, enhanced new-particle formation is predicted near cloudy regions. This is due to the enhanced radiation above and in the vicinity of the clouds, which in turn leads to higher production of sulfuric acid. The sensitivity of the results to including emissions from natural sources is also discussed.
Cooperative Communication Techniques for Wireless OFDMA-Based Ad-Hoc Networks

This paper proposes a new architecture for cooperative communication in wireless ad-hoc networks particularly suitable to emergency and safety applications. The proposed solution is characterized by the following relevant features: a) a wireless connection between each couple of network nodes is established via multiple relays; b) each source-to-destination link is characterized by a double string topology allowing the use of specific transmit diversity techniques for reliable communications; c) a novel utility-based and distributed routing algorithm providing a fair exploitation of the available resources is employed. Simulation results evidence that our solution offers substantial energy savings with respect to traditional ad-hoc architectures.
A theory of human life history evolution: Diet, intelligence, and longevity

Human life histories, as compared to those of other primates and mammals, have at least four distinctive characteristics: an exceptionally long lifespan, an extended period of juvenile dependence, support of reproduction by older post‐reproductive individuals, and male support of reproduction through the provisioning of females and their offspring. Another distinctive feature of our species is a large brain, with its associated psychological attributes: increased capacities for learning, cognition, and insight. In this paper, we propose a theory that unites and organizes these observations and generates many theoretical and empirical predictions. We present some tests of those predictions and outline new predictions that can be tested in future research by comparative biologists, archeologists, paleontologists, biological anthropologists, demographers, geneticists, and cultural anthropologists.
On the attenuation of the axisymmetric longitudinal waves propagating in the bi-layered hollow cylinder made of viscoelastic materials

The paper studies the attenuation of the axisymmetric longitudinal waves propagating in the bi-layered hollow cylinder made of linear viscoelastic materials. Investigations are made by utilizing the exact equations of motion of the theory of viscoelasticity. The dispersion equation is obtained for an arbitrary type of hereditary operator of the materials of the constituents and a solution algorithm is developed for obtaining numerical results on the attenuation of the waves under consideration. Specific numerical results are presented and discussed for the case where the viscoelasticity of the materials is described through fractional-exponential operators by Rabotnov. In particular, how the rheological parameters influence the attenuation of the axisymmetric longitudinal waves propagating in the cylinder under consideration, is established.
Algorithmic Stability and Meta-Learning

A mechnism of transfer learning is analysed, where samples drawn from different learning tasks of an environment are used to improve the learners performance on a new task. We give a general method to prove generalisation error bounds for such meta-algorithms. The method can be applied to the bias learning model of J. Baxter and to derive novel generalisation bounds for meta-algorithms searching spaces of uniformly stable algorithms. We also present an application to regularized least squares regression.
Dynamic directed interictal connectivity in left and right temporal lobe epilepsy

There is increasing evidence that epileptic activity involves widespread brain networks rather than single sources and that these networks contribute to interictal brain dysfunction. We investigated the fast‐varying behavior of epileptic networks during interictal spikes in right and left temporal lobe epilepsy (RTLE and LTLE) at a whole‐brain scale using directed connectivity.
A poly‐herbal formulation accelerates normal and impaired diabetic wound healing

In the present study, a poly‐herbal formulation (PHF) was prepared by combining the aqueous lyophilized leaf extracts of Hippophae rhamnoides L. and Aloe vera L. and the ethanol rhizome extract of Curcuma longa L. , in an optimized ratio (1 : 7 : 1). The efficacy of PHF treatment was studied in normal and impaired diabetic rats using a full‐thickness cutaneous wound model. Topical PHF treatment increased cellular proliferation and collagen synthesis at the wound site in normal rats, as evidenced by the significant increase in DNA, total protein, hydroxyproline, and hexosamine contents in comparison with a positive control treated with a povidone–iodine ointment. The histological examinations and matrix metalloproteinases expression also correlated well with the biochemical findings, confirming the efficacy of PHF in normal wounds. In the streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats, PHF treatment increased hydroxyproline and hexosamine content. A faster wound contraction was also observed in PHF‐treated normal and diabetic rats. The PHF also promoted angiogenesis as evidenced by an in vitro chick chorioallantoic membrane model and in vivo up‐regulated vascular endothelial growth factor expression. The results suggest that PHF possesses significant wound healing potential in both normal as well as chronic diabetic wounds.
Seizure-related headache in patients with epilepsy

We investigated the type and frequency of interictal primary headache and peri-ictal headache in 109 patients with partial-onset and 26 patients with generalized onset seizures in this study. Interictal headaches were present in 50 (40.7%) of 135 patients. Comparing the interictal headache on the basis of seizure type, we couldn't find any significant difference between the seizure groups. Seventy-nine (58.51%) patients had peri-ictal headache. Eleven of these patients had pre-ictal headache (PriH), three of all had ictal headache and, 56 of these had post-ictal headache (PoiH). PriH and PoiH were more frequently encountered before and after secondary generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS) compared to other seizure groups. The type of pain in PoiH was 'throbbing' in complex partial seizures and 'steady' in GTCS.
Dedicated Cone-beam Breast Computed Tomography and Diagnostic Mammography: Comparison of Radiation Dose, Patient Comfort, And Qualitative Review of Imaging Findings in BI-RADS 4 and 5 Lesions

Objective: This pilot study was undertaken to compare radiation dose, relative visibility/conspicuity of biopsy-proven lesions, and relative patient comfort in diagnostic mammography and dedicated cone-beam breast computed tomography (CBBCT) in Breast Imaging-Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS)® 4 or 5 lesions. Materials and Methods: Thirty-six consecutive patients (37 breasts) with abnormal mammographic and/or ultrasound categorized as BI-RADS® 4 or 5 lesions were evaluated with CBBCT prior to biopsy. Administered radiation dose was calculated for each modality. Mammograms and CBBCT images were compared side-by-side and lesion visibility/conspicuity was qualitatively scored. Histopathology of lesions was reviewed. Patients were administered a survey for qualitative evaluation of comfort between the two modalities. Results: CBBCT dose was similar to or less than diagnostic mammography, with a mean dose of 9.4 mGy (±3.1 SD) for CBBCT vs. 16.9 mGy (±6.9 SD) for diagnostic mammography in a total of 37 imaged breasts (P<0.001). Thirty-three of 34 mammographic lesions were scored as equally or better visualized in CBBCT relative to diagnostic mammography. Characterization of high-risk lesions was excellent. Patients reported greater comfort in CBBCT imaging relative to mammography. Conclusion: Our experience of side-by-side comparison of CBBCT and diagnostic mammography in BI-RADS® 4 and 5 breast lesions demonstrated a high degree of correlation between the two modalities across a variety of lesion types. Owing to favorable radiation dose profile, excellent visualization of lesions, and qualitative benefits including improved patient comfort, excellent field-of-view, and more anatomical evaluation of lesion margins, CBBCT offers a promising modality for diagnostic evaluation of breast lesions.
Combined systemic elimination of MET and epidermal growth factor receptor signaling completely abolishes liver regeneration and leads to liver decompensation

Receptor tyrosine kinases MET and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) are critically involved in initiation of liver regeneration. Other cytokines and signaling molecules also participate in the early part of the process. Regeneration employs effective redundancy schemes to compensate for the missing signals. Elimination of any single extracellular signaling pathway only delays but does not abolish the process. Our present study, however, shows that combined systemic elimination of MET and EGFR signaling (MET knockout + EGFR‐inhibited mice) abolishes liver regeneration, prevents restoration of liver mass, and leads to liver decompensation. MET knockout or simply EGFR‐inhibited mice had distinct and signaling‐specific alterations in Ser/Thr phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin, AKT, extracellular signal–regulated kinases 1/2, phosphatase and tensin homolog, adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase α, etc. In the combined MET and EGFR signaling elimination of MET knockout + EGFR‐inhibited mice, however, alterations dependent on either MET or EGFR combined to create shutdown of many programs vital to hepatocytes. These included decrease in expression of enzymes related to fatty acid metabolism, urea cycle, cell replication, and mitochondrial functions and increase in expression of glycolysis enzymes. There was, however, increased expression of genes of plasma proteins. Hepatocyte average volume decreased to 35% of control, with a proportional decrease in the dimensions of the hepatic lobules. Mice died at 15‐18 days after hepatectomy with ascites, increased plasma ammonia, and very small livers. Conclusion: MET and EGFR separately control many nonoverlapping signaling endpoints, allowing for compensation when only one of the signals is blocked, though the combined elimination of the signals is not tolerated; the results provide critical new information on interactive MET and EGFR signaling and the contribution of their combined absence to regeneration arrest and liver decompensation. (Hepatology 2016;64:1711‐1724)
Sutureless Phacoemulsification With Transpupillary Removal of Silicone Oil and Intracapsular Intraocular Lens Implantation Using Illuminated 23-Gauge Infusion System

S ilicone oil, first used in vitreoretinal surgery in 1962, has been widely used as an intraocular tamponade in complex retinal detachments. Because there is a high incidence of complications, such as cataract, glaucoma, and keratopathy, it is recommended that silicone oil be removed as soon as its tamponade effect is no longer needed. When silicone oil remains in contact with the lens, a feathery posterior subcapsular cataract is produced. With prolonged silicone–lens contact, a permanent cataract will form in all cases. Because cataract often develops within 2 years of silicone oil injection, the removal of silicone oil and cataract can coincide in some patients, indicating the need for a combined operation. Previous studies show that combined phacoemulsification and transpupillary standard silicone oil drainage through a planned posterior capsulorhexis is a simple and less invasive technique that offers the advantage of diminished surgical trauma with reduced blood–aqueous barrier breakdown. We describe a new technique of sutureless silicone oil removal combined with phacoemulsification, intracapsular foldable intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, and assessment of the retinal condition using illuminated 23-gauge infusion system.
Unsteady Convection Flow and Heat Transfer over a Vertical Stretching Surface

This paper investigates the effect of thermal radiation on unsteady convection flow and heat transfer over a vertical permeable stretching surface in porous medium, where the effects of temperature dependent viscosity and thermal conductivity are also considered. By using a similarity transformation, the governing time-dependent boundary layer equations for momentum and thermal energy are first transformed into coupled, non-linear ordinary differential equations with variable coefficients. Numerical solutions to these equations subject to appropriate boundary conditions are obtained by the numerical shooting technique with fourth-fifth order Runge-Kutta scheme. Numerical results show that as viscosity variation parameter increases both the absolute value of the surface friction coefficient and the absolute value of the surface temperature gradient increase whereas the temperature decreases slightly. With the increase of viscosity variation parameter, the velocity decreases near the sheet surface but increases far away from the surface of the sheet in the boundary layer. The increase in permeability parameter leads to the decrease in both the temperature and the absolute value of the surface friction coefficient, and the increase in both the velocity and the absolute value of the surface temperature gradient.
The congruence between matrilineal genetic (mtDNA) and geographic diversity of Iranians and the territorial populations

Objective(s): From the ancient era, emergence of Agriculture in the connecting region of Mesopotamia and the Iranian plateau at the foothills of the Zagros Mountains, made Iranian gene pool as an important source of populating the region. It has differentiated the population spread and different language groups. In order to trace the maternal genetic affinity between Iranians and other populations of the area and to establish the place of Iranians in a broad framework of ethnically and linguistically diverse groups of Middle Eastern and South Asian populations, a comparative study of territorial groups was designed and used in the population statistical analysis. Materials and Methods: Mix of 616 samples was sequenced for complete mtDNA or hyper variable regions in this study. A published dataset of neighboring populations was used as a comparison in the Iranian matrilineal lineage study based on mtDNA haplogroups. Results: Statistical analyses data, demonstrate a close genetic structure of all Iranian populations, thus suggesting their origin from a common maternal ancestral gene pool and show that the diverse maternal genetic structure does not reflect population differentiation in the region in their language. Conclusion: In the aggregate of the eastward spreads of proto-Elamo-Dravidian language from the Southwest region of Iran, the Elam province, a reasonable degree of homogeneity has been observed among Iranians in this study. The approach will facilitate our perception of the more detailed relationship of the ethnic groups living in Iran with the other ancient peoples of the area, testing linguistic hypothesis and population movements.
Long-term Socioeconomic Impact of Child Abuse and Neglect:

Child abuse and neglect greatly infl uence victims’ long-term wellbeing. Until recently, however, we have known little about how such experiences affect victims’ later socioeconomic status. Current research has examined the long-term impact of child abuse and neglect on adult employment, income, and reliance on public assistance, as well as the reasons for this impact. Abuse and neglect, often collectively referred to as maltreatment, place victims at signifi cantly increased risk for problems across a range of socioeconomic areas, even after such factors as race, age, and childhood socioeconomic status have been taken into account.1 This brief provides an overview of these fi ndings and indicates several strategies for addressing this problem.
Analysis of Two Modeling Methodologies for Predicting the Tensile Properties of Cotton-covered Nylon Core Yarns

In this study, the capability of artificial neural networks and multiple linear regression methods for modeling the tensile properties of cotton-covered nylon core yarns based on process parameters were investigated. The developed models were assessed by verifying Mean Square Error (MSE) and Correlation Coefficient (R-value) the test data prediction. The results indicated that artificial neural network algorithm has better performance in comparison with multiple linear regression. The difference between the mean square error of predicting these two models for breaking strength and breaking elongation was 0.365 and 0.119, respectively. The five-fold cross-validation technique was used to evaluate the performance of artificial neural network algorithm. Moreover, the weight decay technique was also used for preventing the memorization.