Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Beyond the New Conception of Teacher Induction

During the past 20 years the term induction was given new meaning in education, replacing the traditional conception. Today, induction refers to preplanned, structured, and short term assistance programs offered in schools for beginning teachers. This new conception owes its popularity to three convergent influences: educational research, political intrusions, and educators' reform proposals. Benefits of this new conception include the attention it gives to beginning teachers. Its problems include (a) trying to do too much, (b) contriving collegiality, (c) fostering competition among teachers, (d) neglecting teachers' needs, (e) increasing custodial orientations among teachers, and (e) failing to accommodate personal-developmental needs of teachers. Teaching is an intellectual, moral, and political endeavor, yet the new conception ignores this. Alternative conceptions of induction should begin with these unique qualities of teaching and should focus on developing teachers' identities and their adaptive as well as technical competence.
Heterophile Antibody Interference in a Multiplexed Fluorescent Microsphere Immunoassay for Quantitation of Cytokines in Human Serum

ABSTRACT While modern immunoassays provide sensitive and specific means for the quantitation of cytokines in biological fluids, heterophile antibodies are still a well-recognized cause of interference in the measurement of cytokines in these assays. We have developed a multiplexed fluorescent microsphere immunoassay for the simultaneous quantification of 10 cytokines in only 75 μl of serum. During the development of this multiplexed assay, the amount of assay interference due to heterophile antibodies was also determined, and methods for detecting heterophile interference and minimizing its effect were incorporated into the assay. Heterophile antibodies resulted in significantly elevated cytokine values compared to those of normal blood bank samples. These falsely elevated values, and thus the components of the assay the heterophile antibodies were binding to, were identified through the use of internal controls. This information was then used to design assay-specific blockers and absorbents that were shown to significantly reduce falsely elevated cytokine values while not affecting the standard and control values. The fluorescent multiplexed microsphere-based immunoassay can be used to quantitate multiple cytokines from a single sample and should be a useful tool in furthering our understanding of the role of cytokines in disease processes.
PENINGKATAN MEMBACA PEMAHAMAN CERPEN MENGGUNAKAN STRATEGI METAKOGNITIF DAN TEKNIK MEMBACA RETENSI

Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mendeskripsikan proses pembelajaran keterampilan membaca pemahaman cerpen, mendeskripsikan peningkatan kemampuan membaca pemahaman cerpen, mendeskripsikan perubahan perilaku siswa, dan mendeskripsikan tanggapan siswa terhadap pembelajaran membaca pemahaman cerpen menggunakan strategi metakognitif dan teknik membaca retensi. Proses tindakan pada siklus I dan Siklus II meliputi perencanaan, tindakan, observasi, dan refleksi. Instrumen yang digunakan, yaitu instrumen tes dan nontes. Teknik analisis data dalam penelitian ini digunakan teknik kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Hasil penelitian keterampilan membaca pemahaman cerpen siswa kelas IX B SMP Negeri 1 Banjarmangu mengalami peningkatan. Siklus I mencapai 66,8 dan siklus II menjadi 77meningkat 10,2 atau sebesar 13,24%. Peningkatan ini juga diikuti dengan perubahan perilaku siswa dari perilaku negatif ke perilaku positif. The purpose of the research are to describe the learning process of writing poetry, to describe the improvement of students’ skill in reading comprehension short story, to describe the changes of students’ behavior, and to describe the students’ response to the learning activity in reading comprehension short story by using metakognitive strategy and retention technique. The action procces of cycle I and II include planning, action, observation, and reflection. The Instruments used in the research are test and non-test. Data analysis technique used in the research are quantitative and qualitative. The result of this study showed that there were some improvements in reading comprehension short story by using strategy metakognitive and retention technique of the students in class IX B SMP Negeri 1 Banjarmangu. First cycle is about 66,8%, and become to 77% or increase about 10,2 or about 13,24%. This raising level also followed by student’s behavior from negative to positive.
Nup50, a Nucleoplasmically Oriented Nucleoporin with a Role in Nuclear Protein Export

ABSTRACT We present here a detailed analysis of a rat polypeptide termed Nup50 (formerly NPAP60) that was previously found to be associated with the nuclear pore complex (F. Fan et al., Genomics 40:444–453, 1997). We have found that Nup50 (and/or a related 70-kDa polypeptide) is present in numerous rat cells and tissues. By immunofluorescence microscopy, Nup50 was found to be highly concentrated at the nuclear envelope of rat liver nuclei, whereas in cultured NRK cells it also is abundant in intranuclear regions. On the basis of immunogold electron microscopy of both rat liver nuclear envelopes and NRK cells, we determined that Nup50 is specifically localized in the nucleoplasmic fibrils of the pore complex. Microinjection of anti-Nup50 antibodies into the nucleus of NRK cells resulted in strong inhibition of nuclear export of a protein containing a leucine-rich nuclear export sequence, whereas nuclear import of a protein containing a classical nuclear localization sequence was unaffected. Correspondingly, CRM1, the export receptor for leucine-rich export sequences, directly bound to a fragment of Nup50 in vitro, whereas several other import and export receptors did not significantly interact with this fragment. Taken together, our data indicate that Nup50 has a direct role in nuclear protein export and probably serves as a binding site on the nuclear side of the pore complex for export receptor-cargo complexes.
Improving the extraction of crisis information in the context of flood, landslide, and fire rapid mapping using SAR and optical remote sensing data

Rapid Mapping is a mature Earth Observation (EO) service with many years of user oriented development since the International Charter `Space and Major Disaster' was established in 1999. This activity of providing EO satellite data derived disaster mapping during emergencies to civil protection and humanitarian user communities occurs at national, continental and worldwide scales. In an ESA R&D project the DLR and ICube-SERTIT are collaborating on enhancing automation of disaster mapping chains within increasingly fast production and monitoring cycles and Big Data handling considerations. The work uses optical and radar data from French, German, ESA Sentinel, and Copernicus Emergency Management Service rapid mapping activation sources. In this paper selected preliminary results are presented with SERTIT concentrating on CNES backed ORFEO Toolbox developments and the DLR notably presenting its Sentinel-1 automatic flood mapping chain. Finally, perspectives are given for this on-going initiative with their pertinence to the field of rapid mapping.
Long-term beneficial effect of islet transplantation on diabetic macro-/microangiopathy in type 1 diabetic kidney-transplanted patients.

OBJECTIVE Our aim was to evaluate the long-term effects of transplanted islets on diabetic macro-/microangiopathy in type 1 diabetic kidney-transplanted patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 34 type 1 diabetic kidney-transplanted patients underwent islet transplantation and were divided into two groups: successful islet-kidney transplantation (SI-K; 21 patients, fasting C-peptide serum concentration >0.5 ng/ml for >1 year) and unsuccessful islet-kidney transplantation (UI-K; 13 patients, fasting C-peptide serum concentration <0.5 ng/ml). Patients cumulative survival, cardiovascular death rate, and atherosclerosis progression were compared in the two groups. Skin biopsies, endothelial dependent dilation (EDD), nitric oxide (NO) levels, and atherothrombotic risk factors [von Willebrand factor (vWF) and D-dimer fragment (DDF)] were studied cross-sectionally. RESULTS The SI-K group showed a significant better patient survival rate (SI-K 100, 100, and 90% vs. UI-K 84, 74, and 51% at 1, 4, and 7 years, respectively, P = 0.04), lower cardiovascular death rate (SI-K 1/21 vs. UI-K 4/13, chi(2) = 3.9, P = 0.04), and lower intima-media thickness progression than the UI-K group (SI-K group: delta1-3 years -13 +/- 30 micro m vs. UI-K group: delta1-3 years 245 +/- 20 micro m, P = 0.03) with decreased signs of endothelial injuring at skin biopsy. Furthermore, the SI-K group showed a higher EDD than the UI-K group (EDD: SI-K 7.8 +/- 4.5% vs. UI-K 0.5 +/- 2.7%, P = 0.02), higher basal NO (SI-K 42.9 +/- 6.5 vs. UI-K 20.2 +/- 6.8 micro mol/l, P = 0.02), and lower levels of vWF (SI-K 138.6 +/- 15.3 vs. UI-K 180.6 +/- 7.0%, P = 0.02) and DDF (SI-K 0.61 +/- 0.22 vs. UI-K 3.07 +/- 0.68 micro g/ml, P < 0.01). C-peptide-to-creatinine ratio correlated positively with EDD and NO and negatively with vWF and DDF. CONCLUSIONS Successful islet transplantation improves survival, cardiovascular, and endothelial function in type 1 diabetic kidney-transplanted patients.
Electrical Conductivity Induced in Insulators by Pulsed Radiation

The minimum prompt photoconductivity induced by pulses of x rays, gamma rays, and energetic electrons in various amorphous and disordered insulating organic and inorganic materials is predicted on the basis of data for the scattering of hot electrons in solids and the band gap for insulators. For total doses of 3 × 104 to 30 × 104 rad or greater, the minimum prompt photoconductivity is predicted to be linear with dose rate, ¿, and is given by ¿(¿-1cm-1)=5×10-19¿0¿/Eg2, where ¿0 is the density (g/cm3) and Eg is the optical band gap (eV). This formula agrees well with data for a variety of plastics, mica, and borosilicate glass under widely different irradiation conditions. The formula considerably underestimates absolute values of prompt conductivities observed for Al2O3, MgO, and certain plastics, because the model does not hold for ordered materials.
The Urgency of Surgical Decompression in Acute Central Cord Injuries With Spondylosis and Without Instability

Study Design. Systematic review, ambispective analysis of observational data. Objective. To make recommendations as to whether or not urgent surgical decompression is ever indicated as the optimal treatment for enhancing neurologic recovery in a patient with acute central cord injury without fracture or instability. Summary of Background Data. There are currently no standards regarding the role and timing of decompression in acute traumatic central cord syndrome. In the setting of TCCS without spinal column instability, much controversy exists. Methods. We have performed a thorough literature search based on the following question: “Is there a role for urgent (within 24 hours from injury to surgery) surgical decompression in acute central cord syndrome without fracture or instability specifically to enhance neurologic recovery? ” Data including patient demographics, mechanism of injury, comorbidities, neurologic status, and surgical treatment was analyzed from a multicenter STSG observational database. Outcome measured included ASIA Motor Score, ASIA Grade, Functional Independence Measure (FIM) Score, SF-36, Sphincter Disturbance, and Ambulatory status. Measures were recorded on admission, discharge, 6 months and 1 year. Results. At 12-month follow-up, early surgery resulted in a 6.31 point greater improvement in total motor score than did the late surgery group, with a P = 0.0358. At 6-month follow-up, early surgery result in higher chance of improvement in ASIA Grade than late surgery, with an odds ratio = 3.39, while at 12-month follow-up early surgery resulted in a higher chance of improvement in ASIA Grade, with an odds ratio of 2.81. Patients who were operated on within 24 hours had 7.79 U more improvement in FIM Total Score than late surgery at 6 month follow-up, with P = 0.0474. Conclusion. The consensus of experts following review of relevant and examination of observational dataset concluded that it is reasonable and safe to consider early surgical decompression in patients with profound neurologic deficit (ASIA = C) and persistent spinal cord compression due to developmental cervical spinal canal stenosis without fracture or instability. Those with less severe deficit (ASIA = D) can be treated with initial observation with surgery potentially at a later date depending on the extent and temporal profile of the patients neurologic recovery.
Similarity of ribosomal and ribosomal precursor RNA's from rat liver and the Novikoff ascites hepatoma.

The 32P-labeled ribosomal RNA's and their precursors in rat liver and the Novikoff hepatoma have been examined by two competitive hybridization techniques and by nucleotide analyses. Significant differences were not found between the corresponding RNA of these tissues by competition of labeled RNA from the hepatoma with unlabeled 18 and 28 S ribosomal RNA and 28 and 45 S nucleolar RNA of liver and hepatoma by sequential or simultaneous competition hybridization. Differences were found in the specific activity of 32P-labeled nucleotides, but no significant differences were found by ultraviolet light absorbancy in the distribution of short oligonucleotides after digestion with pancreatic ribonuclease. These data provide evidence that the previously reported differences in nucleotide composition and oligonucleotide distribution were probably the result of nonuniform labeling rather than differences in the primary sequences. Accordingly, the primary structures of ribosomal RNA's and their precursors appear to be conserved in oncogenesis.
Toward an Integration of Interpersonal Risk Models of Depression and Cognitive‐Behaviour Therapy

Empirical research has increasingly focused on interpersonal variables associated with the development and maintenance of depression. This article outlines some key interpersonal risk factors for depression, including anxious attachment, sociotropy, excessive reassurance seeking, interpersonal stress generation, reduced social support, social skills deficits, and social avoidance. Recommendations are made for how cognitive‐behavioural therapy may be adapted to address such factors. Specifically, suggestions are offered for how cognitive and behavioural interventions, such as cognitive restructuring, behavioural activation, behavioural experiments, and skills training, may be used with depressed clients to promote positive relationships and reduce maladaptive interpersonal behaviours.
Control system design for mechanical systems using contraction theory

Contraction theory is a control system tool based on an exact differential analysis of convergence. After establishing new combination properties of contracting systems, the paper derives new controller and observer designs for mechanical systems such as aircraft and underwater vehicles. The classical nonlinear strap down algorithm is also shown to be marginally contracting. The relative simplicity of the approach stems from its effective exploitation of the systems' structural specificities.
Investigating Avoidance Behavior and Its Effects on Fear-Potentiated Startle Using a Novel Avoidance Paradigm

Previous research on avoidance in fear conditioning has focused on relatively simple tasks that require little action (e.g. a single button press). Little is known about the effects of task difficulty and the level of vigor necessary to complete avoidance on the physiologically conditioned fear response. In the present pilot study, we used a novel avoidance paradigm to investigate how varying the distance to a safety area affects avoidance behavior and fear-potentiated startle (FPS). After conditional fear acquisition with a shock as the unconditioned stimulus (US), the participants were able to avoid the shock by maneuvering a figure into the safety area during a confined movement period. Startle amplitude was measured both before and after the movement period. We hypothesized that the effects of distance to safety would be comparable to those of proximity to threat. The comparison proved to be highly difficult as the startle reflex appeared to be affected by a variety of factors that could not be controlled for. Individual variability with regard to movement behavior was found. We conclude that the current avoidance paradigm appears to be unsuitable for examining FPS; nonetheless, it could be useful in investigating individual and group differences in avoidance behavior.
Problem solving in mathematics: the significance of visualisation and related working memory

The importance of educational psychologists’ (EPs’) skills to the formulation of evidence-based educational strategies, as well as in response to learning difficulties, is demonstrated here in relation to mathematical problem solving. Initiatives to improve the link between mathematical skills from school to everyday life have drawn significantly on problem solving tasks. Through critical evaluation of research, the relevance of visualisation methods and working memory to problem solving is considered within this article. Studies suggest that differences exist in the effectiveness of particular visualisation methods, but that training can improve their utility and thereby problem solving performance. Additionally, differences between individuals and contexts can influence visualisation use, and some pupils experience specific difficulties in this area. Recommendations are made to enhance the teaching of visualisation as a strategy for problem solving, and to support those pupils with specific difficulties.
Secret Group Key Generation in Physical Layer for Mesh Topology

Secret group key generation based on physical layer in wireless communications has a lot of practical applications. A few studies focused on the theoretical bounds of the secret key rate based on the sets of received signals rather than a particular secret key generation scheme. We propose a secret group key generation scheme for an arbitrary number of legitimate nodes, n, in mesh topology in the presence of a passive eavesdropper. In the scheme, after general pilot signal transmissions at all nodes, each node broadcasts a weighted combination of its received signals with optimized coefficients, so that legitimate nodes can obtain the information of channels used for group key generation while the eavesdropper cannot. We also apply different quantization schemes for quantizing and encoding the estimated channels into keys. To provide detailed transmissions and processing steps of group key generation, we also describe the proposed scheme for 4-node mesh topology case. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme achieves a higher secret group key rate and a lower key disagreement rate than a benchmark scheme.
An Efficient Semi-Lagrangian Algorithm for Simulation of Corona Discharges: The Position-State Separation Method

An efficient algorithm without flux correction for the simulation of corona discharges is proposed. The algorithm referred to as the position-state separation (POSS) method is used to solve convection-dominated continuity equations commonly present in corona discharges modeling. The proposed solution method combines an Eulerian scheme for the solution of the convective acceleration, the diffusion and the reaction subproblems, and a Lagrangian scheme for the solution of the linear convection subproblem. Several classical numerical experiments in different dimensions and coordinate systems are conducted to demonstrate the excellent performance of POSS regarding low computational cost, robustness, and high resolution. It is shown that the time complexity of the method when dealing with the convection of charged particles increases linearly with the number of unknowns. For the simulation of corona discharges where local electric fields do not change strongly in time, the time step of POSS could be much larger than the Courant-Friedrichs-Lewy time step. These special features enable POSS to have great potential in the modeling of corona discharges in long interelectrode gaps and for long simulation times.
Phenetic and Functional Analyses of the Distal Ulna of Australopithecus afarensis and Australopithecus africanus

The morphology of the distal portion of the hominoid ulna is poorly studied despite its important functional role at the wrist joint. There are five qualitatively well‐described fossil hominin distal ulnae belonging to Australopithecus afarensis and Australopithecus africanus, but there have been few efforts to quantify their morphology or relate it to their functional abilities. This article presents an effort to do so, using three‐dimensional geometric morphometrics to analyze the shape of the distal ulna of the Plio‐Pleistocene hominins and an extant comparative sample of great apes and humans. For the extant taxa, results show that the morphology of Pan and Pongo is distinct from that of Homo, and that these differences are likely related to climbing, clambering and below‐branch suspension in the former, and the release of the limbs from locomotion and (potentially) tool manufacture in the latter. For the australopiths, results indicate that the A. afarensis sample is relatively heterogeneous. These results are driven by the morphology of A.L. 333‐12, which is the largest ulna in the sample and has a unique combination of traits when compared with the other two A. afarensis specimens. Overall, the morphology of all the hominins was most consistent with the pattern displayed by extant great apes, and specifically Pan and Pongo; however, large overlap in shape in the distal ulna in the extant sample indicates that other areas of the skeleton may be more informative for functional analyses. Anat Rec, 298:195–211, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Perceptions of crowding and resource quality by early and more recent visitors

Abstract Previous literature suggests that a recreationist's current evaluations of a natural setting are influenced by the conditions that existed during the individual's initial exposure to the environment. Given the rapid growth in backcountry use and the ecological impairments associated with this use, it follows that each new generation of visitors will experience a different set of initial conditions. This paper explores the relationship between the year boaters made their first trip to the Apostle Islands National Lakeshore and their current evaluations of the resource. Results indicate that those who made their first trip prior to the area's national designation, when use levels were lower, perceived significantly greater levels of environmental damage to the islands and evaluated perceived increases in visitor numbers more negatively than the more recent boaters. The implications of these findings for managing the recreational experience are discussed.