Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
EFEKTIVITAS PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN THINK PAIR SHARE (TPS) TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR DAN AKTIVITAS SISWA PADA MATERI SISTEM PERNAPASAN MANUSIA

Purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the implementation of cooperative learning Think Pair Share through approach to the learning outcomes and student activity. Data were collected through interviews and an essay test learning outcomes. Interview data were analyzed by qualitative descriptive essay test while learning outcomes quantitatively analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the application of the learning model Think Pair Share (TPS) can effectively improve student learning outcomes, it is seen from an average of 34,06% pretest on posttest increased by 83,13% with an average increase in pretest to posttest amounting to 49,06%, and the classical completeness amounted to 87.50% of learning outcomes as well as the implementation of learning model Think Pair Share (TPS) activity can be enhanced student learning. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui efektivitas penerapan model pembelajaran kooperatif melalui pendekatan Think Pair Share terhadap hasil belajar dan aktivitas siswa. Data dikumpulkan melalui wawancara dan tes esai hasil belajar. Data hasil wawancara dianalisis secara deskriptif kualitatif, sedangkan tes esai hasil belajar dianalisis secara deskriptif kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share (TPS) efektif dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa. Hal ini dilihat dari rata-rata pretest sebesar 34,06% mengalami peningkatan pada posttest sebesar 83,13 % dengan rata-rata peningkatann pretest ke posttest sebesar 49,06 %, dan ketuntasan klasikal hasil belajar sebesar 87,50% begitu juga dengan penerapan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share (TPS) aktivitas belajar siswa dapat ditingkatkan.
Protecting the code against side attacks using chaotically controlled clock and supply

This paper is the third in a series of papers reporting on the results of protecting the microcontroller executed code against side attacks. The protection consists in randomizing, under the control of a chaotic circuit, of both the clock and the power supply voltage of a microcontroller. The results obtained by this double randomization are compared with the ones obtained with either clock or power supply randomization.
TNF Neutralization Results in the Delay of Transplantable Tumor Growth and Reduced MDSC Accumulation

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) represent a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells (IMCs) that, under normal conditions, may differentiate into mature macrophages, granulocytes, and dendritic cells. However, under pathological conditions associated with inflammation, cancer, or infection, such differentiation is inhibited leading to IMC expansion. Under the influence of inflammatory cytokines, these cells become MDSCs, acquire immunosuppressive phenotype, and accumulate in the affected tissue, as well as in the periphery. Immune suppressive activity of MDSCs is partly due to upregulation of arginase 1, inducible nitric oxide synthase, and anti-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-10 and TGF-β. These suppressive factors can enhance tumor growth by repressing T-cell-mediated anti-tumor responses. TNF is a critical factor for the induction, expansion, and suppressive activity of MDSCs. In this study, we evaluated the effects of systemic TNF ablation on tumor-induced expansion of MDSCs in vivo using TNF humanized (hTNF KI) mice. Both etanercept and infliximab treatments resulted in a delayed growth of MCA 205 fibrosarcoma in hTNF KI mice, significantly reduced tumor volume, and also resulted in less accumulated MDSCs in the blood 3 weeks after tumor cell inoculation. Thus, our study uncovers anti-tumor effects of systemic TNF ablation in vivo.
Emotional speech synthesis system based on a three-layered model using a dimensional approach

This paper proposes an emotional speech synthesis system based on a three-layered model using a dimensional approach. Most previous studies related to emotional speech synthesis using the dimensional approach focused on the relationship between acoustic features and emotion dimensions (valence and activation) only. However, people do not perceive emotion directly from acoustic features. Hence, the acoustic features have being particularly difficult to predict, and the affectiveness of the synthesized sound is far from that intended. The ultimate goal of this research is to improve the accuracy of acoustic feature estimation and modification rules in order to synthesize affective speech more similar to that intended in the dimensional emotion space. The proposed system is composed by three layers: acoustic features, semantic primitives, and emotion dimensions. Fuzzy Inference System (FIS) is used to connect the three layers. The related acoustic features of each semantic primitive are selected for synthesizing the emotional speech. On the basis of morphing rules, the estimated acoustic features can be applied to synthesize emotional speech. Listening tests were carried out to verify whether the synthesized speech can give the intended impression in the dimensional emotion space. Results show that not only is the accuracy of estimated acoustic features raised but also the modification rules work well for the synthesized speech, resulting in the proposed method improving the quality of synthesized speech.
Locating Crashing Faults based on Crash Stack Traces

Software crashes due to its increasing complexity. Once a crash happens, a crash report could be sent to software developers for investigation upon user permission. Because of the large number of crash reports and limited information, debugging for crashes is often a tedious and labor-intensive task. In this paper, we propose a statistical fault localization framework to help developers locate functions that contain crashing faults. We generate the execution traces for the failing traces based on the crash stack, and the passing traces from normal executions. We form program spectra by combining generated passing and failing trace, and then apply statistical fault localization techniques such as Ochiai to locate the crashing faults. We also propose two heuristics to improve the fault localization performance. We evaluate our approach using the real-world Firefox crash report data. The results show that the performance of our method is promising. Our approach permits developers to locate 63.9% crashing faults by examining only 5% Firefox 3.6 functions in the spectra.
Understanding Reduced Rotavirus Vaccine Efficacy in Low Socio-Economic Settings

Introduction Rotavirus vaccine efficacy ranges from >90% in high socio-economic settings (SES) to 50% in low SES. With the imminent introduction of rotavirus vaccine in low SES countries, understanding reasons for reduced efficacy in these settings could identify strategies to improve vaccine performance. Methods We developed a mathematical model to predict rotavirus vaccine efficacy in high, middle and low SES based on data specific for each setting on incidence, protection conferred by natural infection and immune response to vaccination. We then examined factors affecting efficacy. Results Vaccination was predicted to prevent 93%, 86% and 51% of severe rotavirus gastroenteritis in high, middle and low SES, respectively. Also predicted was that vaccines are most effective against severe disease and efficacy declines with age in low but not high SES. Reduced immunogenicity of vaccination and reduced protection conferred by natural infection are the main factors that compromise efficacy in low SES. Discussion The continued risk of severe disease in non-primary natural infections in low SES is a key factor underpinning reduced efficacy of rotavirus vaccines. Predicted efficacy was remarkably consistent with observed clinical trial results from different SES, validating the model. The phenomenon of reduced vaccine efficacy can be predicted by intrinsic immunological and epidemiological factors of low SES populations. Modifying aspects of the vaccine (e.g. improving immunogenicity in low SES) and vaccination program (e.g. additional doses) may bring improvements.
ON MATROIDS REPRESENTABLE OVER GF(3) AND OTHER FIELDS

The matroids that are representable over GF (3) and some other (cid:12)elds depend on the choice of (cid:12)eld. This paper gives matrix characterisations of the classes that arise. These characterisations are analogues of the characterisation of regular matroids as the ones that can be represented over the rationals by a totally-unimodular matrix. Some consequences of the theory are as follows. A matroid is representable over GF (3) and GF (5) if and only if it is representable over GF (3) and the rationals, and this holds if and only if it is representable over GF ( p ) for all odd primes p . A matroid is representable over GF (3) and the complex numbers if and only if it is representable over GF (3) and GF (7). A matroid is representable over GF (3), GF (4) and GF (5) if and only if it is representable over every (cid:12)eld except possibly GF (2). If a matroid is representable over GF ( p ) for all odd primes p , then it is representable over the rationals.
Relativistic MHD simulations of pulsar bow-shock nebulae

Pulsar bow-shock nebulae are a class of pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) that form when the pulsar wind is confined by the ram pressure of the ambient medium, and are usually associated with old pulsars, that have already emerged from the progenitor Supernova Remnant (SNR). Until a few years ago these nebulae were mainly observed as \halpha sources; recently, also non-thermal emission has been detected. This is the signature of accelerated particles gyrating in a magnetic field. In the same way as \halpha radiation is a tool for studying the layer of shocked Interstellar Medium (ISM), the non-thermal radiation might be used to infer the properties of the shocked pulsar wind. However theoretical and numerical models have been presented so far only in the hydrodynamical (HD) regime, while in order to properly model the internal flow structure and the emission properties of these nebulae a magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) treatment is required. We present here relativistic MHD (RMHD) axisymmetric simulations of pulsar wind bow-shock nebulae. The structure and fluid dynamics of such objects is investigated for various values of the pulsar wind magnetization. Simulated synchrotron maps are computed and comparison of the emission pattern with observations is discussed.
Measuring distortions of trade patterns: An application to China

This study develops a new analytical framework for comparative advantages and net export capabilities. We devise the weighted H-index to capture the distortions of trade patterns under a technology based classification scheme. Using annual data from 1992 to 2008, we find that most categories have shown propensities for “positive distortions” which are featured with excessive net exports in relation to comparative advantages. Most H-indexes have been significantly positive and have tended to increase until the 2007 financial crisis, reflecting a strong mercantilist tendency in Chinese trade policies.
Do leaders' hierarchical perceptions matter? A social dominance theory perspective of empowering leadership, abusive supervision, and team performance

Do leaders’ hierarchical perceptions matter? A social dominance theory perspective of empowering leadership, abusive supervision, and team performance Katrina A. Graham Leaders typically operate within an organizational structure that often puts them in a hierarchically superior position over subordinates. Despite this ubiquitous arrangement, there has been little attention on leaders’ overall beliefs about hierarchical relationships and how these beliefs affect leader behavior and team functioning. Specifically, more research is needed on how leaders’ orientations, such as dominance and power orientations, affect leadership styles and outcomes. I address this gap by examining how leaders’ hierarchical perceptions affect their leadership behaviors, and ultimately team performance. In this study, I explore the effects of leaders’ social dominance orientation (SDO) and power distance orientation (PDO) on their empowering leadership and abusive supervision behaviors directed toward their teams. Utilizing social dominance theory as a theoretical framework, I propose that leaders’ SDO will be positively related to their abusive supervision, and SDO and PDO will be negatively related to their empowering leadership of their teams. I also predict that leaders’ leader self-efficacy will interact with SDO, and followers’ team-level PDO will interact with leaders’ PDO, in influencing these leadership behaviors. I then examine moderated mediation models, and test how the proposed interactions and leadership behaviors ultimately impact team performance. To test my hypotheses, I collected multi-source data with 52 teams in the physical therapy industry. I found that teams’ PDOs moderated the relationship between leader PDO and empowering leadership, such that higher levels of empowering leadership occurred as the teams had more congruent PDOs to the leaders. Post-hoc analyses also revealed that leader self-efficacy moderated this effect, such that leader self-efficacy had both positive and negative effects on
Does Prior Training Affect Acute O2 Supply Responses During Exercise in Desaturator COPD Patients?

Background: This study investigated the effects of a prior individualized training program (TP) on the response to acute oxygen supply during exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients showing exercise-induced desaturation. Methods: Twenty-two COPD patients (mean [SD] FEV1 = 52.1 [3]% predicted) who desaturated on exercise participated in a TP. Exercise tolerance while breathing compressed air or oxygen was assessed using a walking test (WT) before and after TP. Oxygen flow was individualized. Results: Before TP, acute oxygen supply improved mean exercise tolerance. But this response was heterogeneous as only 8 patients increased their walking distance with oxygen. TP improved exercise tolerance in the entire population. However, a greater affect of oxygen administration during exercise was not observed after TP. The response to oxygen again showed great disparity as only 6 patients increased their walking distance with oxygen after TP. Conclusion: The response to oxygen supply during exercise varied among COPD patients. Moreover, despite the clinical benefits of TP, no cumulative effect of TP and oxygen supply was observed during exercise performance.
Elucidation of bipolar disorder : a convergent approach using genetics and imaging

14 Chapter 1: Introduction 16 1.1 Features and Characteristics of Bipolar Disorder 16 1.1.1 DSM-IV criteria for BPDI 18 1.2 Kraeplinian Dichotomy: BPD and Schizophrenia 18 1.3 Techniques Used to Determine the Aetiology of BPD 20 1.3.1 Mouse Models 20 1.3.2 Human Gene Expression Data 23 1.3.3 Human Blood Evidence 24 1.3.4 Genetics and Family Studies 25 1.3.5 Brain Imaging 29 1.4 Convergent Functional Genomics 32 1.5 Candidate Genes 33 1.5. 1 KLF12 33 1.5. 2 ARNTL 33 1.5. 3 BDNF 35 1.5. 4 ALDH1a1 36 Un ive rsi ty of Ca pe To wn 5 1.5. 5 A2PB1 37 1.5. 6 MBP 38 1.5. 7 AK3L1 39 1.5. 8 GSK3β 39 1.5. 9 ANK3 40 1.5. 10 CACNA1C 41 1.6 Aims and Objectives 42 Chapter 2: Materials and Methods 44 2.1 BPD Cohort Description 44 2.1.1 Cohort Description for Case-Control Analysis 45 2.1.2 Cohort Description for Brain Imaging Analysis 45 2.2 DNA Isolation and Quality Determination 46 2.3 Gene and SNP Selection, Primer Design and Synthesis 47 2.3.1. Gene and SNP selection 47 2.3.2 External Primer Design 48 2.4 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) 49 2.5 SNaPshot PCR 51 2.5. 1 SNaPshot PCR Internal Primer Design 53 2.5. 2 Sap and ExoI Clean-up of PCR Products 55 2.5. 3 SNaPshot PCR Conditions 56 2.5. 4 PostSNaPshot SAP Treatment 57 2.5. 5 Capillary Electrophoresis on ABI PRISM 58 2.5. 6 Analysis of Results 58 2.6 Genotype Validation 58 2.6. 1 PCR of DNA Samples for Cycle Sequencing 59 2.6. 2 Cycle Sequencing 59 2.6. 3 Ethanol Precipitation 59 2.6. 4 Capillary Electrophoresis on ABI Prism 60 Un ive rsi ty of Ca pe To wn 6 2.6. 5 Analysis of Results 61 2.7 Statistical Analysis 61 2.7. 1 Genotype Frequencies, Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Calculations and Logistic Regression with R 61 2.7. 2 MQLS (adjusting for relatedness) and Pedstats 62 2.8 Neuroimaging of Subset of Cohort 62 2.8. 1 Statistical Analysis of Neuroimaging Results 63 Chapter 3: Results 64 3.1 BPD Cohort Description 64 3.1.1 Cohort Description for Case-Control Analysis 65 3.1.2 Cohort Description for Brain Imaging Analysis 67 3.2 DNA Quality Determination 67 3.3 Gene and SNP Selection, Primer Design and Synthesis 68 3.4 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) 68 3.4.1 PCR Optimisation 68 3.4. 2 PCR Conditions for Candidate Genes 69 3.5 SNaPshot PCR 73 3.5. 1 Sap and ExoI Clean-up of PCR Products 73 3.5. 2 Capillary Electrophoresis on ABI PRISM 73 3.5. 3 Analysis of Results 74 3.6 Genotype Validation 75 3.6. 1 PCR of DNA Samples for Cycle Sequencing 75 3.6. 2 Cycle Sequencing 75 3.6. 3 Analysis of Results 75 3.7 Statistical Analysis for Case Control Association 77 3.7. 1 Genotype Frequencies, Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium Calculations and Logistic Regression with R 77 Un ive rsi ty of Ca pe To wn 7 3.7. 2 MQLS (adjusting for relatedness) and Pedstats 80 3.8 Statistical Analysis of Neuro-imaging 82 Chapter 4: Discussion 84 4.1 Future Directions 91
The influence of social identity on value perceptions and intention

Despite much research on consumers' brand identification, researchers remain divided regarding the conceptualization of the dimensions underlying social identity and how these dimensions impact marketing outcome variables. Further, previous studies have failed to examine the underlying psychological process driving this effect. The current research is the first to assess the importance of affective social identity as the mediator through which cognitive social identity impacts consumers' purchase intentions by ways of emotional and social value. Results show that affective social identity mediates the relationship between cognitive social identity and emotional value, where affect is the main driver in the formation of purchase intention. This study highlights the need to model cognitive and affective social identity separately and provides insight into how consumers' social identification influences their perceptions of identity-linked products. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
FACTORS INFLUENCING SENSITIVITY TO LEXICAL TONE IN AN ARTIFICIAL LANGUAGE

This study examined whether musical training, ethnicity, and experience with a natural tone language influenced sensitivity to tone while listening to an artificial tone language. The language was designed with three tones, modeled after level-tone African languages. Participants listened to a 15-min random concatenation of six 3-syllable words. Sensitivity to tone was assessed using minimal pairs differing only in one syllable (nonword task: e.g., to-kà-su compared to ca-fí-to) or only in tone (tone task: e.g., to-kà-su compared to to-ká-su). Proficiency in an East Asian heritage language was the strongest predictor of success on the tone task. Asians without tone language experience were no better than other ethnic groups. We conclude by considering implications for research on second language learning, especially as approached through artificial language learning.
Meaning in Life and Substance Use

Viktor Frankl theorized that an absence of meaning in one’s life can result in boredom and apathy—the “existential vacuum”—and attempts to avoid or “escape” the vacuum can include short-acting distracting behaviors. This study investigated whether the presence of meaning (PM) or the search for meaning are associated with alcohol, drug, and cigarette use by young adults, and whether boredom mediates those relationships. Hundred and seventy-six young adults completed the Meaning in Life Questionnaire, the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test, and provided information about cigarette and illicit drug use over the preceding year. The results partly support Frankl’s model: higher PM was associated with lower alcohol/other drug use and boredom mediated those relationships, but PM was not related to cigarette smoking. Contrary to Frankl’s model, no relationship was found between search for meaning and alcohol, drug, or cigarette use. This suggests that psychological interventions that assist individuals who use drugs or alcohol to identify meaning or purpose in their lives might reduce levels of drug and alcohol use. The process of searching for meaning may not have substantial direct impact on levels of substance use, but once some meaning was established there may be decreased impetus to continue using drugs and alcohol.
Pengaruh Strategi Pembelajaran dan Self Regulated Learning terhadap Hasil Belajar.

Abstrak Strategi pembelajaran mencakup penggunakan pendekatan, metode dan teknik, bentuk media, sumber belajar, pengelompokan peserta didik, untuk mewujudkan interaksi edukasi antara pendidik dan peserta didik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk : (1) pembuktian ada tidaknya perbedaan hasil belajar antara strategi menulis terbimbing (SMT) yang dianggap unggul, dibandingkan dengan strategi pembelajaran langsung (SPL); (2) dijadikan landasan berfikir dalam pengembangan penelitian, khususnya dalam menggunakan strategi pembelajaran menulis teks laporan hasil observasi; (3) menjadi bahan pertimbangan dalam menggunakan strategi pembelajaran yang tepat dalam pembelajaran menulis teks laporan hasil observasi. Penelitian ini menerapkan rancangan penelitian eksperimen “the pretest-posttest control group design” (Emzir,2008:98). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa : (1) ada perbedaan hasil belajar menulis teks laporan hasil observasi yang diajar dengan menggunakan strategi menulis terbimbing (SMT) dengan pebelajar yang diajar dengan strategi pembelajaran langsung (SPL); (2) tidak ada perbedaan hasil belajar menulis teks laporan hasil observasi yang ditunjukkan kelompok subjek yang memiliki self regulated learning (SRL) tinggi dengan kelompok subjek yang memiliki self regulated learning (SRL) rendah; (3) ada interaksi antara penggunaan strategi menulis terbimbing (SMT) dan strategi pembelajaran langsung (SPL) dengan self regulated learning (SRL) pebelajar terhadap hasil belajar menulis teks laporan hasil observasi. Kata Kunci : Pengaruh, Strategi Pembelajaran, Self Regulated Learning, Hasil Belajar.
Exploring the nature of oppression as experienced by people with learning disabilities

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