Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Citizenship and Migration

Social science treatises often discuss citizenship in this sense. 'Integration' used to be regarded mainly as a natural process, but in the Netherlands, since the Integration Act came into force on 1 January 2007, it has been organized as a cognitive process, in courses leading to examinations. This trend has turned the meaning of legal citizenship on its head. Instead of legally recognizing actual participation (being integrated) it became a legal tool for delimiting who is and is not entitled to participate fully in political and social life. Multiculturalism based on mutual respect and mutual interest would provide scope for gradual integration. The acquisition of citizens' rights in the Netherlands was organized accordingly in the last quarter of the twentieth century. Migration contributes to social, economic and cultural changes that no-one has ever assumed to be without problems.Keywords: Citizenship; Integration; Migration; multiculturalism
Applying recursion to serial and parallel QR factorization leads to better performance

We present new recursive serial and parallel algorithms for QR factorization of an m by n matrix. They improve performance. The recursion leads to an automatic variable blocking, and it also replaces a Level 2 part in a standard block algorithm with Level 3 operations. However, there are significant additional costs for creating and performing the updates, which prohibit the efficient use of the recursion for large n. We present a quantitative analysis of these extra costs. This analysis leads us to introduce a hybrid recursive algorithm that outperforms the LAPACK algorithm DGEQRF by about 20% for large square matrices and up to almost a factor of 3 for tall thin matrices. Uniprocessor performance results are presented for two IBM RS/6000® SP nodes-a 120-MHz IBM POWER2 node and one processor of a four-way 332-MHz IBM PowerPC® 604e SMP node. The hybrid recursive algorithm reaches more than 90% of the theoretical peak performance of the POWER2 node. Compared to standard block algorithms, the recursive approach also shows a significant advantage in the automatic tuning obtained from its automatic variable blocking. A successful parallel implementation on a four-way 332-MHz IBM PPC604e SMP node based on dynamic load balancing is presented. For two, three, and four processors it shows speedups of up to 1.97, 2.99, and 3.97.
Delirium scales: A review of current evidence

Objectives: Delirium is a common neuropsychiatric condition with many adverse outcomes in elderly populations including death. Despite this, it is often misdiagnosed and mistreated. A number of scales can be used to detect delirium. We review scales that have been used in delirium studies and report their psychometric properties. Method: An extensive MEDLINE database search and subsequent examination of reference lists was conducted to identify the various delirium scales that have been designed, primarily for use in the elderly. Results: Twenty-four scales were identified. Delirium instruments differed according to the classification system they were based on, length of time to administer, the rater and whether they were screening scales or measured symptom severity. The psychometric properties of each scale is reported. Conclusion: A large number of scales exist, but not all are properly evaluated in terms of psychometric properties, and there is not unanimity about which scale is the best. However, a small number of scales may be considered already to be robust and useable: the CAM, the DRS, the MDAS and the NEECHAM.
Molecular aspects of enzyme synthesis in the exocrine pancreas with emphasis on development and nutritional regulation

At least twenty secretory proteins are synthesized in the exocrine pancreas of higher vertebrates, most of which are essential enzymes for digestion to be carried out. Using two-dimensional polyacrylamide-gel electrophoresis in sodium dodecyl sulphate, it has been possible to identify in the rat two isozymes of amylase (EC 3.2.1.1), the main protein (20%) present in the pancreatic secretion, a single form of lipase (EC 3.1.1.3), colipase, phospholipase A2 (EC 3.1.1.4), ribonuclease (EC 3.1.27.5) and deoxyribo-nuclease (EC 3.1.21. l), and several forms of proteases, including endopeptidases (serine proteases) and exopeptidases (metalloproteases). The serine protease family, which accounts for as much as 44% of the total protein synthesis, is by far the most complex and includes a cationic and three anionic forms of trypsin (EC 3.4.21.4), as well as two or three chymotrypsins (EC 3.4.21.1, EC 3.4.21.2) and two elastases (EC
An Integrative Model of the Cardiovascular System Coupling Heart Cellular Mechanics with Arterial Network Hemodynamics

The current study proposes a model of the cardiovascular system that couples heart cell mechanics with arterial hemodynamics to examine the physiological role of arterial blood pressure (BP) in left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). We developed a comprehensive multiphysics and multiscale cardiovascular model of the cardiovascular system that simulates physiological events, from membrane excitation and the contraction of a cardiac cell to heart mechanics and arterial blood hemodynamics. Using this model, we delineated the relationship between arterial BP or pulse wave velocity and LVH. Computed results were compared with existing clinical and experimental observations. To investigate the relationship between arterial hemodynamics and LVH, we performed a parametric study based on arterial wall stiffness, which was obtained in the model. Peak cellular stress of the left ventricle and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in the brachial and central arteries also increased; however, further increases were limited for higher arterial stiffness values. Interestingly, when we doubled the value of arterial stiffness from the baseline value, the percentage increase of SBP in the central artery was about 6.7% whereas that of the brachial artery was about 3.4%. It is suggested that SBP in the central artery is more critical for predicting LVH as compared with other blood pressure measurements.
Paranoia: The Psychology of Persecutory Delusions

Persecutory Delusions. Emotion and Delusion. Delusion Content and Emotional Distress. Delusions and Disconfirmatory Evidence. Hypervigilance. Meta-cognitive Processes. A Cognitive Model of Persecutory Delusions. Researching Delusions. Appendix 1: Details of Threat Questionnaire. Appendix 2: The Safety Behaviours Questionnaire
Impact of an Evidence-Based Computerized Decision Support System on Primary Care Prescription Costs

PURPOSE Although newer, heavily promoted medications are commonly prescribed, published evidence and consensus guidelines often support the use of less expensive alternatives. This study was designed to evaluate the impact on prescription costs of a computerized decision support system (CDSS) that provides evidence-based recommendations to clinicians during the electronic prescribing process. METHODS A retrospective cohort study was performed using a pharmacy claims database. Clinicians using the CDSS were matched with a control group by pharmacy billed amount, number of patients treated, and number of new prescriptions filled during a 6-month baseline period in which neither group used the system. The primary outcome measure was the difference in prescription costs between the 2 groups after implementation of the CDSS in the intervention group. RESULTS Clinicians who received evidence-based messages had significantly lower prescription costs than those in the control group. The average cost per new prescription was $4.16 lower (P = .02) in the intervention group, and the average cost for new and refilled prescriptions was $4.99 lower (P = .01). The 6-month savings from new prescriptions and their refills are estimated to be $3,450 (95% CI, $1,030-$5,863) per clinician. CONCLUSIONS Providing electronic, evidence-based decision support during the prescribing process can shift prescribing decisions toward more evidence-based care and significantly decrease primary care prescription costs.
RF-Based Charger Placement for Duty Cycle Guarantee in Battery-Free Sensor Networks

Battery-free sensor networks have emerged as a promising solution to conquer the lifetime limitation of battery-powered systems. In this letter, we study a sensor network built from battery-free nodes which harvest energy from radio frequency (RF) signals transmitted by RF-based chargers, e.g., radio frequency identification (RFID) readers. Due to the insufficiency of harvested energy, the sensor nodes have to work in duty cycles to harvest enough energy before turning active and performing tasks. One fundamental issue is how to deploy the chargers to ensure that the battery-free nodes can maintain a designated duty cycle for continuous operation. Based on a new wireless recharge model, we formulate the charger placement problem for node's duty cycle guarantee as a constrained optimization problem. We develop both greedy and efficient heuristics for solving the problem and validate our solutions through extensive simulations. The simulation results show that the proposed particle swarm optimization (PSO)-based divide-and-conquer approach can effectively reduce the number of chargers compared with the greedy approach.
How Much Is the Whole Really More than the Sum of Its Parts? 1 ⊞ 1 = 2.5: Superlinear Productivity in Collective Group Actions

In a variety of open source software projects, we document a superlinear growth of production intensity () as a function of the number of active developers , with a median value of the exponent , with large dispersions of from slightly less than up to . For a typical project in this class, doubling of the group size multiplies typically the output by a factor , explaining the title. This superlinear law is found to hold for group sizes ranging from 5 to a few hundred developers. We propose two classes of mechanisms, interaction-based and large deviation, along with a cascade model of productive activity, which unifies them. In this common framework, superlinear productivity requires that the involved social groups function at or close to criticality, or in a “superradiance” mode, in the sense of the appearance of a cooperative process and order involving a collective mode of developers defined by the build up of correlation between the contributions of developers. In addition, we report the first empirical test of the renormalization of the exponent of the distribution of the sizes of first generation events into the renormalized exponent of the distribution of clusters resulting from the cascade of triggering over all generation in a critical branching process in the non-meanfield regime. Finally, we document a size effect in the strength and variability of the superlinear effect, with smaller groups exhibiting widely distributed superlinear exponents, some of them characterizing highly productive teams. In contrast, large groups tend to have a smaller superlinearity and less variability.
Real-time large-scale dense RGB-D SLAM with volumetric fusion

We present a new simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) system capable of producing high-quality globally consistent surface reconstructions over hundreds of meters in real time with only a low-cost commodity RGB-D sensor. By using a fused volumetric surface reconstruction we achieve a much higher quality map over what would be achieved using raw RGB-D point clouds. In this paper we highlight three key techniques associated with applying a volumetric fusion-based mapping system to the SLAM problem in real time. First, the use of a GPU-based 3D cyclical buffer trick to efficiently extend dense every-frame volumetric fusion of depth maps to function over an unbounded spatial region. Second, overcoming camera pose estimation limitations in a wide variety of environments by combining both dense geometric and photometric camera pose constraints. Third, efficiently updating the dense map according to place recognition and subsequent loop closure constraints by the use of an ‘as-rigid-as-possible’ space deformation. We present results on a wide variety of aspects of the system and show through evaluation on de facto standard RGB-D benchmarks that our system performs strongly in terms of trajectory estimation, map quality and computational performance in comparison to other state-of-the-art systems.
The Elementary School Counselor's Role: Perceptions of Teachers.

forms for the students. While this is particularly true for the guidance and counseling programs provided for students, these critical and During the 1960s and the early unique sets of services are also im- 1970s, the issue of what constituted portant to other members of the the counselor's role attracted the at school community. Teachers, build- tention of educational administra ing administrators, as well as per- t0r3' teachers, counselor educators, sonnel in the system office, and par- 311(11SC^°°1 counselors. This focus ents all have a considerable stake in resulted in 3 Proliferation of articles ensuring that school guidance and try? ne to ^entify the role of the counseling programs are both avail- sch,°o1 counselor^ During this pe able and effective. The issue of the ™d' c0u^e}0^ dld not appear to
Centre De Referència En Economia Analítica Barcelona Economics Working Paper Series Working Paper Nº 250 Product Market Deregulation and the U. S. Employment Miracle

We consider the dynamic relationship between product market entry regulation and equilibrium unemployment. The main theoretical contribution is combining a job matching model with monopolistic competition in the goods market and individual wage bargaining. Product market competition affects unemployment by two channels: the output expansion effect and a countervailing effect due to a hiring externality. Competition is then linked to barriers to entry. We calibrate the model to US data and perform a policy experiment to assess whether the decrease in trend unemployment during the 1980's and 1990's could be attributed to product market deregulation. Our quantitative analysis suggests that under individual bargaining, a decrease of less than two tenths of a percentage point of unemployment rates can be attributed to product market deregulation, a surprisingly small amount. and an anonymous referee for helpful comments or discussions. We also thank
Impact parameters in an entrepreneurial career determination model from cognition and social network perspectives

The background to this study relates to the policy of the Chinese government to encourage university graduates to become entrepreneurs as a means of addressing unemployment in China. Far less than the expected number of university graduates however engage in an entrepreneurial career which leads one to question the effectiveness of this policy initiative. A number of critical issues arise. First, although the government’s policy incentives may have a positive impact on the take-up of entrepreneurial careers, there is insufficient research to justify the kind of support currently being implemented by the Chinese government. Second, while some studies have shown that one’s social network is a significant attribute in the decision to become an entrepreneur, the empirical evidence is mixed. Other studies have shown that entrepreneurial cognition is a crucial antecedent to whether people choose to become entrepreneurs. Few studies however have examined the relationship between one’s social network and cognition, and their relationship to how entrepreneurial intentions are formed. In addressing these gaps, the thesis investigates how the characteristics of an individual’s social network affect the formation of his or her entrepreneurial intentions directly and via entrepreneurial cognition. The findings of this study contribute to the literature in three respects. The first contribution comes from the argument that one’s social network properties and in particular, one’s entrepreneurial social network, directly influence cognition during the formation of entrepreneurial intentions. The second contribution reveals alternative measures and hence explanations of entrepreneurship in relation to one’s social capital, one’s social network characteristics and other factors. The third contribution rests on the analytical approach, which uses the technics of structural equation modeling (SEM) to reveal the relationship between critical realism and conceptions. As the analysis show, SEM is an appropriate and effective approach to the confirmatory analysis. Essentially, it enables integrating knowledge and by drawing together parameter variables and latent variables, it offers concurrent understanding of the critical insight of the focal problem of why some people choose to be entrepreneurs.
A Trade-Off between Feedback-Based Learning and Episodic Memory for Feedback Events: Evidence from Parkinson’s Disease

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is characterized by a loss of dopaminergic projections to the striatum, leading to both motor and cognitive impairments. The cognitive impairments are relatively selective and include deficits in incremental learning from trial-by-trial feedback, while other forms of learning, such as hippocampal-dependent episodic memory, remain intact. Interestingly, it has been suggested that the striatum and the hippocampus compete during learning, leading to the intriguing prediction that the striatal disruption in PD could lead to enhanced performance on tasks that depend on the hippocampus. We tested this prediction by simultaneously assessing incremental learning and episodic memory for trial-unique feedback events, within a single task, in patients with PD. Further, in order to modulate the engagement of the striatum versus the hippocampus, we manipulated the timing of feedback during learning, building on prior results showing that delaying feedback by a few seconds shifts learning to depend on the hippocampus instead of the striatum. We found that Parkinson’s patients were impaired at learning from immediate feedback, but had enhanced episodic memory for those immediate feedback events. Thus, our results provide evidence for concurrent impaired and enhanced learning and memory functions within the same group of patients from a single task.
Personal construct methodology

About the Editors ix List of Contributors xi Preface xv Acknowledgments xvii PART I: SETTING THE SCENE 1 Assessment of Personal Constructs: Features and Functions of Constructivist Techniques 3 Heather Gaines Hardison and Robert A. Neimeyer 2 Qualitative Methods in Personal Construct Research: A Set of Possible Criteria 53 Linda L. Viney and Sue Nagy PART II: QUALITATIVE APPROACHES: EXPLORING PROCESS 3 The Use of Laddering: Techniques, Applications and Problems 71 Beverly M. Walker and Nadia Crittenden 4 The ABC Model Revisited 89 Finn Tschudi and David Winter 5 The Self-Characterization Technique: Uses, Analysis and Elaboration 109 Nadia Crittenden and Chantel Ashkar 6 Experience Cycle Methodology: A Method for Understanding the Construct Revision Pathway 129 Lindsay G. Oades and Linda L. Viney PART III: QUANTITATIVE APPROACHES: EXPLORING PROCESS 7 An Introduction to Grid-based Methods 149 Peter Caputi 8 Analyzing Grids: New and Traditional Approaches 159 Peter Caputi, Richard Bell and Desley Hennessy 9 Computer-aided Constructivism 183 Brian R. Gaines and Mildred L.G. Shaw 10 Using Constructivist-oriented Content Analysis Scales 223 Linda L. Viney and Peter Caputi PART IV: METHODS IN COUNSELING AND CLINICAL SETTINGS 11 Narrative Assessment in Psychotherapy: A Constructivist Approach 247 Luis Botella and Mar aGamiz 12 Using Contrasting Drawings or Pictures as an Assessment Tool within a Personal Construct Framework 269 Heather Foster and Linda L. Viney 13 Personal Construct Psychotherapy Techniques with Adolescents: An Integrated Model 287 Miriam Stein, Elaine Atkinson, and Anne Fraser Index 319
Allelic loss at 1p and 19q frequently occurs in association and may represent early oncogenic events in oligodendroglial tumors

The molecular mechanisms underlying the genesis and progression of oligodendroglial tumors are poorly understood, since only restricted information on loss of heterozygosity from isolated cases is available. The commonest alterations appear to involve deletion of 1p and 19q, while loss of heterozygosity for 9p, chromosome 10 or epidermal growth factor receptor gene amplification have been described in single tumors. We have applied restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis to 14 loci covering chromosome 1 and 7 loci on chromosome 19 in a series of 25 tumors with an oligodendroglial component to determine precisely the participation of these suppressor genes in the genesis of tumors. Twenty‐two and 19 of the 25 samples displayed LOH at 1p and 19q, respectively, and both anomalies were detected in association in 17 samples, including low‐ and high‐grade oligodendrogliomas as well as mixed oligo‐astrocytomas. Our findings suggest that inactivation of tumor suppressor genes located on 1p and 19q represent cooperative alterations occurring at early stages of oncogenic transformation of oligodendroglial neoplasms. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Homocysteine Upregulates Resistin Production From Adipocytes In Vivo and In Vitro

OBJECTIVE—Homocysteine (Hcy) is epidemiologically related to insulin resistance, which has been speculated to be a low-grade systemic inflammatory condition. Resistin acts as a critical mediator of insulin resistance associated with inflammatory conditions. We aimed to determine whether Hcy can induce insulin resistance by directly regulating the expression and secretion of resistin from adipose tissue. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—The effect of Hcy on the expression and secretion of resistin and insulin resistance was investigated using primary rat adipocytes and mice with hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy). RESULTS—Hcy impaired glucose transport and, particularly, the insulin signaling pathway as shown by decreased insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-1, increased serine phosphorylation of IRS-1, and inhibited Akt phosphorylation both in vitro and in vivo, and these impairments were accompanied by an increase in resistin expression. Compared with normal mice, HHcy mice with a clinically relevant level of plasma Hcy (19 μmol/l) showed significantly increased resistin production from adipose tissue (33.38 ± 3.08 vs. 19.27 ± 1.71 ng/ml, P < 0.01). Hcy (300–1000 μmol/l) also increased mRNA expression of resistin in primary rat adipocytes in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, with maximal induction at 24 h of approximately fourfold with 1,000 μmol/l. In addition, Hcy-induced resistin expression attenuated by treatment with reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers, protein kinase C (PKC), and nuclear factor (NF)-κB inhibitors implies a role in the process for ROS, PKC, and NF-κB. CONCLUSIONS—HHcy may promote insulin resistance through the induction of resistin expression and secretion from adipocytes via the activation of the ROS-PKC–NF-κB pathway.