Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Metaphase position of an interchange quadrivalent of Allium triquetrum III. The expected distribution based on randomness

Summary The position of an interchange quadrivalent at metaphase I of Allium triquetrum was modelled so as to simulate the original placement of the quadrivalent in the spindle and the preparation of linear spreads through squashing. In this way an expected distribution for the quadrivalent in linear spreads was generated. The procedure used polar views of metaphase I to which the quadrivalent was assigned pairs of positions normally occupied by bivalents. The positions of the bivalents and assigned quadrivalent were then projected into a linear array and analysed as 'real' data. Comparisons with observed distributions showed that a general bias in favour of marginal placement of the quadrivalent in the linear array is expected; and also showed that the quadrivalent is positioned non-randomly in the metaphase plate prior to slide preparation.
A putative nucleoside triphosphate-binding domain in the nonstructural protein of B19 parvovirus is required for cytotoxicity

Cytotoxicity secondary to B19 parvovirus infection is due to expression of the viral nonstructural protein. Nonstructural proteins of many parvoviruses contain a well-conserved nucleoside triphosphate (NTP)-binding motif, which has been shown to be essential for a variety of protein functions. We show here that cytotoxicity of the B19 parvovirus nonstructural protein was abolished by single mutations of amino acids within the NTP-binding domain, especially within the A motif, implicating NTP-binding in virus-induced cell death.
Polyhedral parallel code generation for CUDA

This article addresses the compilation of a sequential program for parallel execution on a modern GPU. To this end, we present a novel source-to-source compiler called PPCG. PPCG singles out for its ability to accelerate computations from any static control loop nest, generating multiple CUDA kernels when necessary. We introduce a multilevel tiling strategy and a code generation scheme for the parallelization and locality optimization of imperfectly nested loops, managing memory and exposing concurrency according to the constraints of modern GPUs. We evaluate our algorithms and tool on the entire PolyBench suite.
History, Classification and Pathophysiology of Small Vessel Vasculitis

Systemic vasculitides are a heterogenous group of disorders characterized by destructive inflammation and fibrinoid necrosis of the blood vessel wall, blood vessel occlusion and ischemia of surrounding tissue. Typical clinical manifestations vary depending on the size of the affected blood vessels, and include fever, weight loss, malaise, arthralgias and arthritis. Vasculitides can be idiopathic, primary, secondary to another disease such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and Rheumatoid Artritis (RA), or associated with infections, such as infective endocarditis, pharmaceutical drug use, such as propylthiouracil and hydralazine, or other chemical exposures [1]. Vasculitis can be isolated to one organ or vessel and be relatively insignificant clinically or can present as a systemic life-treatening illness involving several organs and vessels [2].
Exploring the relations between oral language and reading instruction in a computational model of reading

To become a proficient reader, children have to learn mappings between print, sound and meaning. There is debate over whether reading instruction should focus on the relations between print and sound, as in phonics, or on the relationship between print and meaning, as in sight word reading. In a study where participants learned a novel artificial orthography, Taylor, Davis and Rastle (submitted) compared print to sound focused or print to meaning focused reading training, demonstrating that sound training was superior for learning to read. However, a benefit from sound focused training is likely dependent on prior acquisition of effective sound to meaning relations of words. To explore this issue, we developed a connectionist model of reading. We exposed the model to a sound or a meaning focused training, but varied the model’s pre-acquired oral language skills. The simulation results showed that proficiency in oral language is a determinant of the advantage of print to sound focused reading training, indicating that reading training should address both oral language skills and print to sound mappings.
Fragmentation and Alteration of Seed Dispersal Processes: An Initial Evaluation of Dung Beetles, Seed Fate, and Seedling Diversity1

ABSTRACT Given current accelerated trends of tropical land conversion, forest fragments are being incorporated into many conservation programs. For investing in fragments to be a viable conservation strategy, forest fragments must maintain their ecological integrity over the long term. Based on fieldwork in 22 forest fragments in the crater lakes region of western Uganda and in the continuous forest of Kibale National Park, we examined (1) seed predation on experimentally dispersed seeds, (2) abundance and composition of the dung beetle community that may play a major role in removing seeds from sites of high seed predation, and (3) compared the fragments' seedling community composition to adult tree community composition and the seedling community in continuous forest. First, the rate of seed removal at experimental stations was lower in forest fragments (85% remaining after 1 day) than at stations in the continuous forest (79% remaining) and the probability of stations being discovered by seed predators was lower in fragments (23%) than in the intact forest (41%). Second, there was a 62 percent decline in fragment dung beetle abundance. The magnitude of this decline varied among dung beetle guilds that process dung and seeds in different fashions. The abundance of large rollers that move large seeds away from sites of defecation did not differ, but medium and smaller rollers and burying beetles that process small and medium-sized seeds were less common in the fragments than in the intact forest. Finally, we compared the seedling community composition relative to adult tree community composition by identifying all adult trees in each fragment and by sampling the composition of the seedling community. We found some evidence to suggest that there was movement of seeds among forest fragments by large-bodied dispersers, particularly chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and hornbills (Ceratogymna subcylindricus).
Expression of Pannexin Isoforms in the Systemic Murine Arterial Network

Aims: Pannexins (Panx) form ATP release channels and it has been proposed that they play an important role in the regulation of vascular tone. However, distribution of Panx across the arterial vasculature is not documented. Methods: We tested antibodies against Panx1, Panx2 and Panx3 on human embryonic kidney cells (which do not endogenously express Panx proteins) transfected with plasmids encoding each Panx isoform and Panx1–/– mice. Each of the Panx antibodies was found to be specific and was tested on isolated arteries using immunocytochemistry. Results: We demonstrated that Panx1 is the primary isoform detected in the arterial network. In large arteries, Panx1 is primarily in endothelial cells, whereas in small arteries and arterioles it localizes primarily to the smooth muscle cells. Panx1 was the predominant isoform expressed in coronary arteries, except in arteries less than 100 µm where Panx3 became detectable. Only Panx3 was expressed in the juxtaglomerular apparatus and cortical arterioles. The pulmonary artery and alveoli had expression of all 3 Panx isoforms. No Panx isoforms were detected at the myoendothelial junctions. Conclusion: We conclude that the specific localized expression of Panx channels throughout the vasculature points towards an important role for these channels in regulating the release of ATP throughout the arterial network.
Leisure Time, Occupational, and Commuting Physical Activity and the Risk of Stroke

Background and Purpose— The role of physical activity, especially that of occupational and commuting physical activity, in the prediction of stroke risk is not properly established. We assessed the relationship of different types of physical activity with total and type-specific stroke risk. Methods— We prospectively followed 47 721 Finnish subjects 25 to 64 years of age without a history of coronary heart disease, stroke, or cancer at baseline. Hazard ratios (HRs) for incident stroke were estimated for different levels of leisure time, occupational, and commuting physical activity. Results— During a mean follow-up of 19.0 years, 2863 incident stroke events were ascertained. The multivariate-adjusted (age, sex, area, study year, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, cholesterol, education, smoking, alcohol consumption, diabetes, and other 2 types of physical activity) HRs associated with low, moderate, and high leisure time physical activity were 1.00, 0.86, and 0.74 (Ptrend<0.001) for total stroke, 1.00, 0.87, and 0.46 (Ptrend=0.011) for subarachnoid hemorrhage, 1.00, 0.77, and 0.63 (Ptrend=0.024) for intracerebral hemorrhage, and 1.00, 0.87, and 0.80 (Ptrend=0.001) for ischemic stroke, respectively. The multivariate-adjusted HRs associated with none, 1 to 29, and ≥30 minutes of active commuting were 1.00, 0.92, and 0.89 (Ptrend=0.043) for total stroke, and 1.00, 0.93, and 0.86 (Ptrend=0.028) for ischemic stroke, respectively. Occupational activity had a modest association with ischemic stroke in the multivariate analysis (Ptrend=0.046). Conclusion— A high level of leisure time physical activity reduces the risk of all subtypes of stroke. Daily active commuting also reduces the risk of ischemic stroke.
Mitochondrial Molecular Pathophysiology of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Proteomics Approach

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic liver condition that can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and cancer. It is considered an emerging health problem due to malnourishment or a high-fat diet (HFD) intake, which is observed worldwide. It is well known that the hepatocytes’ apoptosis phenomenon is one of the most important features of NAFLD. Thus, this review focuses on revealing, through a proteomics approach, the complex network of protein interactions that promote fibrosis, liver cell stress, and apoptosis. According to different types of in vitro and murine models, it has been found that oxidative/nitrative protein stress leads to mitochondrial dysfunction, which plays a major role in stimulating NAFLD damage. Human studies have revealed the importance of novel biomarkers, such as retinol-binding protein 4, lumican, transgelin 2 and hemoglobin, which have a significant role in the disease. The post-genome era has brought proteomics technology, which allows the determination of molecular pathogenesis in NAFLD. This has led to the search for biomarkers which improve early diagnosis and optimal treatment and which may effectively prevent fatal consequences such as cirrhosis or cancer.
Tourist Decisions Visit Attractions In Lampung Province Through Electronic Word Of Mouth (E-WOM)

Tourism is a potential source of income. The phenomenon of the increase and decrease of visiting tourists is needed an information media to introduce the tourist attraction of Lampung Province to increase the number of tourists visiting Lampung Province. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Electronic Word of Mouth (E-WOM) with the Intensity dimension, Valence of Opinin, Conten on Tourist Decisions Visiting Attractions in Lampung Province. This type of research is this associative study. The sampling used in this study was purposive sampling with as many samples. Methods Analysis of data in this study using path analysis. The results of the analysis There is the influence of Intensity on the decision to visit tourists to Lampung Province. There is no effect of Valence of Opinin on decisions visiting tourists to Lampung Province. There is a Content influence on the decision to visit tourists to Lampung Province. Content variable (X3) affects the most on visiting decisions by 73.2% Keywords: Electronic Word Of Mouth (E-WOM), Visiting Decision, Tourism Object, Lampung
Transcription of Multiple Yeast Ribosomal DNA Genes Requires Targeting of UAF to the Promoter by Uaf30

ABSTRACT Upstream activating factor (UAF) is a multisubunit complex that functions in the activation of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) transcription by RNA polymerase I (Pol I). Cells lacking the Uaf30 subunit of UAF reduce the rRNA synthesis rate by ∼70% compared to wild-type cells and produce rRNA using both Pol I and Pol II. Miller chromatin spreads demonstrated that even though there is an overall reduction in rRNA synthesis in uaf30 mutants, the active rDNA genes in such strains are overloaded with polymerases. This phenotype was specific to defects in Uaf30, as mutations in other UAF subunits resulted in a complete absence of rDNA genes with high or even modest Pol densities. The lack of Uaf30 prevented UAF from efficiently binding to the rDNA promoter in vivo, leading to an inability to activate a large number of rDNA genes. The relatively few genes that did become activated were highly transcribed, apparently to compensate for the reduced rRNA synthesis capacity. The results show that Uaf30p is a key targeting factor for the UAF complex that facilitates activation of a large proportion of rDNA genes in the tandem array.
Components of the Plasminogen Activation System Promote Engraftment of Porous Polyethylene Biomaterial via Common and Distinct Effects

Rapid fibrovascularization is a prerequisite for successful biomaterial engraftment. In addition to their well-known roles in fibrinolysis, urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) or their inhibitor plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) have recently been implicated as individual mediators in non-fibrinolytic processes, including cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation. Since these events are critical for fibrovascularization of biomaterial, we hypothesized that the components of the plasminogen activation system contribute to biomaterial engraftment. Employing in vivo and ex vivo microscopy techniques, vessel and collagen network formation within porous polyethylene (PPE) implants engrafted into dorsal skinfold chambers were found to be significantly impaired in uPA-, tPA-, or PAI-1-deficient mice. Consequently, the force required for mechanical disintegration of the implants out of the host tissue was significantly lower in the mutant mice than in wild-type controls. Conversely, surface coating with recombinant uPA, tPA, non-catalytic uPA, or PAI-1, but not with non-catalytic tPA, accelerated implant vascularization in wild-type mice. Thus, uPA, tPA, and PAI-1 contribute to the fibrovascularization of PPE implants through common and distinct effects. As clinical perspective, surface coating with recombinant uPA, tPA, or PAI-1 might provide a novel strategy for accelerating the vascularization of this biomaterial.
New Quantitative Method to Identify NPM1 Mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukaemia

Somatic mutations in the NPM1 gene, which encodes for nucleophosmin, have been reported to be the most frequent genetic abnormalities found in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Their identification and quantification remain crucial for the patients' residual disease monitoring. We investigated a new method that could represent a novel reliable alternative to sequencing for its identification. This method was based on high-resolution melting analysis in order to detect mutated patients and on an allele-specific oligonucleotide real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (ASO-RQ-PCR) for the identification and quantification of the transcripts carrying NPM1 mutations (NPM1m). Few patients carrying known NPM1m enabled us to set up a table with the different primers' ΔCT values, identifying a profile for each mutation type. We then analysed a series of 337 AML patients' samples for NPM1 mutational status characterization and confirmed the ASO-RQ-PCR results by direct sequencing. We identified some mutations in 86 samples, and the results were fully correlated in 100% of the 36 sequenced samples. We also detected other rare NPM1m in two samples, that we confirmed by direct sequencing. This highly specific method provides a novel quick, useful, and costless tool, easy to use in routine practice.
A clinical staging system for multiple myeloma correlation of measured myeloma cell mass with presenting clinical features, response to treatment, and survival

The presenting clinical features of 71 patients with multiple myeloma were correlated with myeloma cell mass (myeloma cells × 1012/m2 of body surface area) determined from measurements of monoclonal immunoglobulin (M‐component) synthesis and metabolism. Bivariate correlation and multivariate regression analyses showed that myeloma cell mass could be accurately predicted from A) extent of bone lesions, B) hemoglobin level, C) serum calcium level, and D) M‐component levels in serum and urine. Analyses of response to chemotherapy and survival indicated significant correlation with measured myeloma cell burden. The results were synthesized to produce a very reliable and useful clinical staging system with three tumor cell mass levels (Table 7). For clinical research purposes, multivariate regression equations were developed to predict optimally the exact myeloma cell mass. Thus, initial staging can be quantitatively related to followup using tumor cell mass changes calculated from changes in M‐component production. Use of the clinical staging system should provide better initial assessment and followup of individual patients, and should lead to improved study design and analysis in large clinical trials of therapy for multiple myeloma.
STUDIES ON BIOSORPTION OF CADMIUM BY Pseudomonas putida Harikrishna Yadav

Industrial waste and sewage are serious and growing problems in most developing countries. Some heavy metals are known to cause damage to living organisms including human beings. Their detoxification efficiency indicates good potential for application in bioremediation of toxic heavy metals. In those heavy metals, Cadmium in soil is influenced to a great extent by microbial activity. Microorganisms have ability to absorb Cd from a medium. The biosorption removal of cadmium ions from aqueous solutions by using the bacterial culture was investigated. The growth of the Pseudomonas putida culture was noticed by Cd concentration in growth medium, thus about 20% of the bacteria can grow up to 40 mg Cd/L medium. The results revealed that the living biomass of the cultures were more efficient to absorb Cd. The formulation of yeast, peptone medium fortified the cultures by ingredients favored the best growth yields that have the highest Cd absorption. The absorption of Cd by Pseudomonas putida was considerably influenced by the pH value of the absorption medium, contact time, biomass levels and Cd concentration. Thus, 93% of Cd was absorbed in medium containing 10 mg Cd.
Apical inflammatory root resorption: a correlative radiographic and histological assessment.

AIM To assess the reliability of routine single radiographs in the diagnosis of inflammatory apical root resorption by correlating the radiographic and histological findings. METHODOLOGY The material comprised serial and step serial sections of plastic-embedded root-apices with attached apical periodontitis lesions that were prepared for a previous study and the diagnostic radiographs. The histological sections of 114 specimens were analysed by light microscopy and categorized into three groups: (i) those without any resorption (0); (ii) those with moderate resorption (+); and (iii) those with severe resorption (+ +). The radiographs were examined by a separate examiner and graded with a similar categorization of no resorption (0); moderate (+); and severe (+ +) apical resorption. RESULTS Radiographically, 19% of the teeth were diagnosed as having apical inflammatory root resorption, whereas histologically, 81% of the teeth revealed apical inflammatory root resorption. A correlative radiographic and histological assessment (n = 104) revealed a coincidence of diagnosis in 7% of the specimens and noncoincidence of diagnosis in 76% of the specimens. CONCLUSIONS The results indicate that routine single radiographs are not sufficiently accurate or sensitive to consistently diagnose apical root resorptive defects developing as a consequence of apical periodontitis.
Networked Control Systems With Communication Constraints: Tradeoffs Between Transmission Intervals, Delays and Performance

There are many communication imperfections in networked control systems (NCS) such as varying transmission delays, varying sampling/transmission intervals, packet loss, communication constraints and quantization effects. Most of the available literature on NCS focuses on only some of these aspects, while ignoring the others. In this paper we present a general framework that incorporates communication constraints, varying transmission intervals and varying delays. Based on a newly developed NCS model including all these network phenomena, we will provide an explicit construction of a continuum of Lyapunov functions. Based on this continuum of Lyapunov functions we will derive bounds on the maximally allowable transmission interval (MATI) and the maximally allowable delay (MAD) that guarantee stability of the NCS in the presence of communication constraints. The developed theory includes recently improved results for delay-free NCS as a special case. After considering stability, we also study semi-global practical stability (under weaker conditions) and performance of the NCS in terms of Lp gains from disturbance inputs to controlled outputs. The developed results lead to tradeoff curves between MATI, MAD and performance gains that depend on the used protocol. These tradeoff curves provide quantitative information that supports the network designer when selecting appropriate networks and protocols guaranteeing stability and a desirable level of performance, while being robust to specified variations in delays and transmission intervals. The complete design procedure will be illustrated using a benchmark example.