Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gender‐Differentiated Experience in the Peer Culture: Links to Intimacy in Preadolescence

This study tested claims that gender differences in intimacy are attributable to gender-differentiated experiences in the peer culture (i.e., male and female ‘worlds’). Participants were 188 Canadian preadolescents (10–12 years, 106 girls) who completed questionnaires regarding the intimacy of their same-sex best friendship, intimate support received from peers, and two dimensions of culture–gender composition of the friendship network and participation in communal (i.e., intimacy-promoting) and agentic (intimacy-repressing) activities. Consistent with the ‘two worlds’ explanation (a) communal activity participation related positively and team sports negatively to same-sex friendship intimacy, but the latter only for boys, and (b) having other-sex friends predicted same-sex friendship intimacy for boys but not girls. The two worlds explanation, though supported, requires revision to accommodate findings that male and female preadolescents’ activity participation overlapped considerably, intimate friendships were not limited to intimate contexts, agentic activities potentiated both agentic and communal goals, and peer cultural variables predicted intimacy better for boys than girls.
Weighted sparse Bayesian learning (WSBL) for basis selection in linear underdetermined systems

Sparse Bayesian Estimation (SBE) is used to estimate the sparse vectors that maximize the posterior distribution. In prior SBE works, all hyperparameters priors are assumed to follow the product of Gamma distributions with the same parameters. In this paper, we propose to assign different parameters to each hayperparameter, thus giving more importance to some hyperparameters over others. The relative importance of the hyperparameters is determined based on an approximation of the underlying sparse vector, for example, based on a low resolution estimate of it. We call the proposed approach Weighted Sparse Bayesian Learning (WSBL) approach. Simulation results demonstrate that WSBL results in substantial improvement in terms of probability of detection and probability of false alarm as compared to SBE, especially in low signal to noise ratio environments.
Quality of Work: Validation of a New Instrument in Three Languages

Introduction and objective: A new instrument to measure quality of work was developed in three languages (German, French and Luxembourgish) and validated in a study of employees working in Luxembourg. Methods and results: A representative sample (n = 1529) was taken and exploratory factor analysis revealed a six-factor solution for the 21-item instrument (satisfaction and respect, mobbing, mental strain at work, cooperation, communication and feedback, and appraisal). Reliability analysis showed satisfying reliability for all six factors and the total questionnaire. In order to examine the construct validity of the new instrument, regression analyses were conducted to test whether the instrument predicted work characteristics’ influence on three components of well-being—burnout, psychological stress and maladaptive coping behaviors. Conclusion: The present validation offers a trilingual inventory for measuring quality of work that may be used, for example, as an assessment tool or for testing the effectiveness of interventions.
Two-Dimensional Software Reliability Models and Their Application

In general, the software-testing time may be measured by two kinds of time scales: calendar time and test-execution time. In this paper, we develop two-dimensional software reliability models with two-time measures and incorporate both of them to assess the software reliability with higher accuracy. Since the resulting software reliability models are based on the familiar non-homogeneous Poisson processes with two-time scales, which are the natural extensions of one-dimensional models, it is possible to treat both the time data simultaneously and effectively. We investigate the dependence of test-execution time as a testing effort on the software reliability assessment, and validate quantitatively the software reliability models with two-time scales. We also consider an optimization problem when to stop the software testing in terms of two-time measurements
Distinct intrinsic functional brain network abnormalities in methamphetamine‐dependent patients with and without a history of psychosis

Chronic methamphetamine use is associated with executive functioning deficits that suggest dysfunctional cognitive control networks (CCNs) in the brain. Likewise, abnormal connectivity between intrinsic CCNs and default mode networks (DMNs) has also been associated with poor cognitive function in clinical populations. Accordingly, we tested the extent to which methamphetamine use predicts abnormal connectivity between these networks, and whether, as predicted, these abnormalities are compounded in patients with a history of methamphetamine‐associated psychosis (MAP). Resting‐state fMRI data were acquired from 46 methamphetamine‐dependent patients [19 with MAP, 27 without (MD)], as well as 26 healthy controls (CTRL). Multivariate network modelling and whole‐brain voxel‐wise connectivity analyses were conducted to identify group differences in intrinsic connectivity across four cognitive control and three DMN networks identified using an independent components analysis approach (meta‐ICA). The relationship of network connectivity and psychotic symptom severity, as well as antipsychotic treatment and methamphetamine use variables, was also investigated. Robust evidence of hyper‐connectivity was observed between the right frontoparietal and anterior DMN networks in MAP patients, and ‘normalized’ with increased duration of treatment with antipsychotics. Attenuation of anticorrelated anterior DMN–dorsal attention network activity was also restricted to this group. Elevated coupling detected in MD participants between anterior and posterior DMN networks became less apparent with increasing duration of abstinence from methamphetamine. In summary, we observed both alterations of RSN connectivity between DMN networks with chronic methamphetamine exposure, as well as DMN‐CCN coupling abnormalities consistent with possible MAP‐specific frontoparietal deficits in the biasing of task‐appropriate network activity.
Acute Coronary Syndrome in Patients with Prior Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery: Observations from a 20-Year Registry in a Middle-Eastern Country

Objectives Clinical characteristics and trends in the outcome of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in patients with prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) are unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate clinical characteristics, in-hospital treatment, and outcomes in patients presented with ACS with or without a history of prior CABG over 2 decades. Methods Data were derived from hospital-based study for collected data from 1991 through 2010 of patients hospitalized with ACS in Doha, Qatar. Data were analyzed according to their history of prior CABG. Baseline clinical characteristics, in-hospital treatment, and outcome were compared. Results A total 16,750 consecutive patients with ACS were studied, of which 693 (4.1%) had prior CABG. Patients with prior CABG were older (mean 60.5±11 vs. 53±12 years; P = 0.001), more likely to be females and have more cardiovascular risk factors than the non-CABG group. Prior CABG patients had larger infarct size, were less likely to receive reperfusion therapy, early invasive therapy and more likely to receive evidence-based therapies when compared to non-CABG patients. In-hospital mortality and stroke rates were comparable between the 2 groups. Over 2 decades, there was reduction in the in-hospital mortality rates and stroke rates in both groups (CABG, death; 13.2% to 4%, stroke; 1.9% to 0.0%, non-CABG, death; 10% to 3.2%, stroke 1.0% to 0.1%; all, p = 0.001). Conclusion Significant reduction in-hospital morbidity and mortality among ACS patients with prior CABG over a 20-year period.
The Concept of the Person

HRISTIAN theology may be understood as the Christian's attempt to speak with special clarity and faithfulness of what he believes. By this definition, theology would be distinguished from expression of belief in other forms by the special attention it gives to questions of conceptual order and intelligibility. Philosophy would be seen as contributing conceptual clarification and enrichment to theology. The language of theology is, after all, drawn from a common stock of con-
Characterization of low-molecular-mass trypsin isoinhibitors from oil-rape (Brassica napus var. oleifera) seed.

A new low-molecular-mass (6767.8 Da) serine proteinase isoinhibitor has been isolated from oil-rape (Brassica napus var. oleifera) seed, designated 5-oxoPro1-Gly62-RTI-III. The 5-oxoPro1-Gly62-RTI-III isoinhibitor is longer than the Asp2-Pro61-RTI-III and the Ser3-Pro61-RTI-III forms, all the other amino acid residues being identical. In RTI-III isoinhibitors, the P1-P1' reactive site bond (where residues forming the reactive site have been identified as PnellipsisP1 and P1'ellipsisPn', where P1-P1' is the inhibitor scissile bond) has been identified at position Arg21-Ile22. The inhibitor disulphide bridges pattern has been determined as Cys5-Cys27, Cys18-Cys31, Cys42-Cys52 and Cys54-Cys57. The disulphide bridge arrangement observed in the RTI-III isoinhibitors is reminiscent of that found in a number of toxins (e.g. erabutoxin b). Moreover, the organization of the three disulphide bridges subset Cys5-Cys27, Cys18-Cys31 and Cys42-Cys52 is reminiscent of that found in epidermal growth factor domains. Preliminary 1H-NMR data indicates the presence of alphaalphaNOEs and 3JalphaNH coupling constants, typical of the beta-structure(s). These data suggest that the three-dimensional structure of the RTI-III isoinhibitors may be reminiscent of that of toxins and epidermal growth factor domains, consisting of three-finger shaped loops extending from the crossover region. Values of the apparent association equilibrium constant for RTI-III isoinhibitors binding to bovine beta-trypsin and bovine alpha-chymotrypsin are 3.3 x 109 m-1 and 2.4 x 106 m-1, respectively, at pH 8.0 and 21.0 degrees C. The serine proteinase : inhibitor complex formation is a pH-dependent entropy-driven process. RTI-III isoinhibitors do not show any similarity to other serine proteinase inhibitors except the low molecular mass white mustard trypsin isoinhibitor, isolated from Sinapis alba L. seed (MTI-2). Therefore, RTI-III and MTI-2 isoinhibitors could be members of a new class of plant serine proteinase inhibitors.
Pacts with Twitter. Predicting voters' indecision and preferences for coalitions in multiparty systems

In recent years, social networking sites (SNS) have become enormously popular, in particular microblogging sites such as Twitter. Twitter is nowadays one of the most used SNS for social, economic and political communication. Drawing on well-known characteristics of social networks and human behavior, i.e. the homophilic behavior of individuals, the power law distribution of influence and retweeting, and the nature of endorsement and the reduction of noise of retweeting, this article proposes a two-step method to first uncover the structure of the network of the top influential Twitter users in a political discussion and second based on the resulting structure of political clusters, predict the voters’ perception of the closeness between parties, the proportion of undecided voters between two given parties and the support for pacts between parties. The method analyzes the overlaps of communities of retweeters of the most influent users in a political conversation, and applies it to the Catalan elections in 2012. Comparing our results with those of the Spanish Center for Sociological Research, we show that the overlaps between parties' communities of retweeters are a good predictor of voters' indecision and preferences for post-electoral parliamentary support and coalitions.
Treatment success rate of tuberculosis patients in Dabat, northwest Ethiopia

Evaluating the outcomes of DOTS program is essential for recognizing and amending system failures before the incidence and proportion of resistant isolates rise. In this study, we seek to evaluate the impact of DOTS strategy on tuberculosis treatment success rate in Dabat, northwest Ethiopia. Medical records of 1305 pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients registered from 2007 to 2012 at two health centers in Dabat district, northwest Ethiopia, were reviewed. Treatment outcomes and forms of tuberculosis were assessed according to WHO guidelines. Descriptive analyses were performed using frequencies and percentages. Treatment success rate was observed in 1146 (87.8%) patients. Out of these, 534 (89.1%) of the males and 612 (86.7%) of the females were successfully treated. It was also true in 338 (87.8%) of the smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients, 473 (85.7%) of the smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients, and 335 (91.0%) of the extrapulmonary tuberculosis patients. In conclusion, treatment success rate in the current study was slightly higher than the WHO international updated target for the period 2011 to 2015. However, this doesn’t mean that there will be no need for further enhancement of supervision and monitoring techniques, strengthening counseling and health education programs, and improving the quality of laboratory diagnostic services.
Behavior During Swarm Movement in Stelopolybia Areata (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)

When a colony of bees or wasps leaves an old nesting site and moves to a new one it is . taced with the problem of coordinating the movement of the individuals of the swarm so that all arrive at the new site. Scout honeybees (Apis mellifera) communicate the distance and direction of the new site by means of the same waggle . dance used to communica,te information about tood sources (yon Frisch, I967). Martin G. Naumann has observed swarm movement in several species of Neotropical social wasps and has described behavior that suggests that scent marks are used to guide swarm members to a new site (Naumann, I975). The purpose of this paper is to present the author’s own observations on behavior associated with swarm movement in Stelopolybia areata. The study was conducted during February 973 at the Estacidn de Biologia ’Los Tuxtlas’ near San Andres Tuxtla, Veracruz, Mexico.
Endothelial progenitor cells: trick or treat?

An understanding of endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) biology offers not only the intellectual rewards of understanding vascular repair but the potential to develop new therapeutic approaches that can be applied to coronary intervention. The field of EPC research is however fraught with problems relating to the characterisation of this cell type. This editorial reflect on the paper by Mills et al that adds further controversy to this area.
The Mexican Immigration Debate

This article uses census microdata to address key issues in the Mexican immigration debate. First, we find striking parallels in the experiences of older and newer immigrant groups with substantial progress among second- and subsequent-generation immigrants from southern and eastern Europe and Mexican Americans. Second, we contradict a view of immigrant history that contends that early–twentieth–century immigrants from southern and eastern Europe found well–paying jobs in manufacturing that facilitated their ascent into the middle class. Both first and second generations remained predominantly working class until after World War II. Third, the erosion of the institutions that advanced earlier immigrant generations is harming the prospects of Mexican Americans. Fourth, the mobility experience of earlier immigrants and of Mexicans and Mexican Americans differed by gender, with a gender gap opening among Mexican Americans as women pioneered the path to white–collar and professional work. Fifth, public–sector and publicly funded employment has proved crucial to upward mobility, especially among women. The reliance on public employment, as contrasted to entrepreneurship, has been one factor setting the Mexican and African American experience apart from the economic history of most southern and eastern European groups as well as from the experiences of some other immigrant groups today.
Sexual Function and Exercise in Postmenopausal Women Residing in Chalous and Nowshahr, Northern Iran

Background The sexual function of menopausal women is influenced by several factors. Objectives We aimed to investigate the association between exercise and sexual function among postmenopausal women residing in Northern Iran. Patients and Methods Using a multistage, randomized sampling method, 405 postmenopausal women, aged 40 to 65 years, were recruited to participate in this population-based, cross-sectional study. The female sexual function index (FSFI) questionnaire and a researcher-designed questionnaire were completed by every subject. Results Overall, 61% of the women reported having experienced sexual dysfunction, and 53.6% reported that they had not performed any kind of exercise within the last 6 months; among those who did exercise, the most common form was walking (79.8%). The FSFI total scores (P = 0.013), as well as the scores in the lubrication (P = 0.007) and pain (P < 0.001) domains, were significantly lower for the women who performed exercises other than walking compared to those who only walked or who did not exercise at all. The frequency of weekly exercise had a positive correlation with the scores in the lubrication (r = 0.18, P = 0.014) and orgasm (r = 0.146, P = 0.045) domains. The logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the chances of reduced sexual desire were decreased by 80.2% (P = 0.044) with every unit increase in the frequency of weekly exercise. Conclusions More frequent exercise will improve the sexual function of post-menopausal women.
Characterising a teaching and learning environment conducive to making demands on students while not making their workload excessive

A qualitative study of perception of workload found that it was very weakly related to hours of work. The complex construct was better characterised as being influenced by a broadly conceived teaching and learning environment. It appeared to be possible to encourage students to perform a great deal of high‐quality work, without complaining about excessive workload, by attention to this environment. This hypothesis was tested quantitatively with structural equation modelling with a sample of 3320 undergraduate students at a university in Hong Kong. The hypothesised model had nine factors of the teaching and learning environment grouped under three higher‐order latent variables: teaching, teacher–student relationships and student–student relationships which have influences on perceived workload. The model showed a good fit to the data, confirming the hypothesis that attention to the teaching and learning environment can spur students to work hard without feeling overly stressed. The questionnaire could be used as a diagnostic tool to discover which aspects of the environment need attention.
A model of behaviors, peer relations and depression: Perceived social acceptance as a mediator and the divergence of perceptions

Abstract A theoretically derived latent–variable structural model of children's (age 9 to 13, N = 334) behaviors (physical and relational aggression, withdrawal, and prosocial behavior), like–dislike as rated by classmates (peer dislike), perceptions of social acceptance, and depressive symptoms was tested. Results provided evidence that children's perceived social acceptance is a direct correlate of depressive symptoms, and a mediator of the link between peer dislike and self–reported depressive symptoms. In models testing physical and relational aggression separately, children's aggression, withdrawal, and prosocial behavior were directly associated with peer dislike. Freeing paths to differ for boys and girls did not significantly improve the fit of any model. Additionally, the discrepancy between actual and perceived peer acceptance (e.g., children's under– or overestimation of acceptance) was considered. Children who perceived low acceptance or underestimated their acceptance were relatively more dep.
A noise-robust ASR back-end technique based on weighted viterbi recognition

The performance of speech recognition systems trained in quiet degrades signicantly under noisy conditions. To address this problem, a Weighted Viterbi Recognition (WVR) algorithm that is a function of the SNR of each speech frame is proposed. Acoustic models trained on clean data, and the acoustic front-end features are kept unchanged in this approach. Instead, a condence/rob ustness factor is assigned to the output observation probability of each speech frame according to its SNR estimate during the Viterbi decoding stage. Comparative experiments are conducted with Weighted Viterbi Recognition with different front-end features such as MFCC, LPCC and PLP. Results show consistent improvements with all three feature vectors. For a reasonable size of adaptation data, WVR outperforms environment adaptation using MLLR.
The Ability to Identify Emotional Content of Solo Improvisations Performed Vocally and on Three Different Instruments

Fifty-eight undergraduate students with low and high musicianship skills rated the degree to which 24 solo improvisations expressed the emotions of sad, angry, and scared. Eight musicians-two violinists, two trumpet players, two vocalists, and two timpanists-performed three short improvisations, each of which expressed one of the three targeted emotions. Accuracy scores were computed to assess the degree to which subjects rated improvi- sations as expressing the emotion intended by the musician in contrast to the other two emotions. The results indicated that the subjects were relatively accurate in assessing the emotional content of the improvisations. In addition, subjects with a higher level of musicianship skills demonstrated greater accuracy for only the trumpet improvisations. Finally, the subjects' accuracy depended not only on the instrument played, but the emotion expressed. For example, subjects were more accurate when identifying scared improvisations performed on a violin. The applied and theoretical implications of these results were discussed.