Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Components of Continuous IT Availability & Disaster Tolerant Computing: 2007 IEEE Conference on Technologies for Homeland Security: Enhancing Critical Infrastructure Dependability

This paper provides a review of the components of disaster tolerant computing and communications and reviews the current state in light of recent man-made terrorist events. The technology, process and human resource challenges of traditional disaster recovery approaches to disaster preparedness are outlined. The paper examines the relationships between disaster tolerant systems, Information Technology (IT) application availability and executive level management visibility necessary for successful system operations in the event of a catastrophic disaster. The risks of IT application downtime attributable to the increasing dependence on critical information technology applications and infrastructure are explored. Opportunities to extend complex systems independence analysis to the private business sector, and disaster tolerance are explored. A general approach for disaster tolerance is reviewed which mitigates unplanned downtime through a disciplined approach of IT infrastructure design based on redundancy and distributed components, with special attention given to the ability of executive level management to comprehend the value of uptime of an application and make appropriate capital investment.
Characterization of the Opp Peptide Transporter of Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis and Its Role in Virulence and Pathogenicity

Despite the economic importance of caseous lymphadenitis (CLA), a chronic disease caused by Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis, few genes related to the virulence of its etiologic agent have been characterized. The oligopeptide permease (Opp) transporters are located in the plasma membrane and have functions generally related to the uptake of peptides from the extracellular environment. These peptide transporters, in addition to having an important role in cell nutrition, also participate in the regulation of various processes involving intercellular signaling, including the control of the expression of virulence genes in pathogenic bacteria. To study the role of Opp in C. pseudotuberculosis, an OppD deficient strain was constructed via simple crossover with a nonreplicative plasmid carrying part of the oppD gene sequence. As occurred to the wild-type, the ΔoppD strain showed impaired growth when exposed to the toxic glutathione peptide (GSH), indicating two possible scenarios: (i) that this component can be internalized by the bacterium through an Opp-independent pathway or (ii) that there is toxicity while the peptide is extracellular. Additionally, the ΔoppD mutant presented a reduced ability to adhere to and infect macrophages compared to the wild-type, although both strains exhibit the same potential to colonize spleens and cause injury and death to infected mice.
Merging Professional Academic Literacies and Identities: Four Case Studies of New PhDs Working in Composition

was accepted, she adapted for the book. At that point, Chris was surprised that her academic writing was taken seriously: “my first inclination was, oh my gosh, somebody’s actually interested in something I have to say” (interview 5/20/2014). She spent a lot of time trying to make the manuscript perfect: “it was like, I have to make this count, like these people were depending on me to say something super important” (interview 5/20/2014). After that, however, Chris noticed something about academic publishing that changed her attitude and approach: I would see, you know, a call would come out and then the deadline would be extended, and I’d think to myself, well, the only reason the deadline is extended is if you don’t have enough abstracts. And so I started to realize sometimes it’s not necessarily that you have anything to say that’s worthwhile, but they need to fill a book. (interview 5/20/2014) Knowing this, Chris continued submitting abstracts in response to calls, and she made her goal with her academic writing simply to move scholarship forward. She says, “that’s really what’s important. It’s not that every single thing in this chapter has to be sound in terms of research, in terms of thinking. It’s just that it has to continue to move the the discussion forward” (interview 5/20/2014). Chris wants to get the scholarship finished, published, and onto her CV. It’s about contributing to the scholarly conversation and about preparing for the future. The project Chris chooses to discuss with me is a book chapter she proposed in response to a call for papers. It’s a chapter about fiction writers, so Chris has created a project that allows her to use her academic writing to engage with fellow fiction writers. When we meet, the
An inside look at Israeli police critical incident first responders

In this study 11 police first responders revealed during in-depth interviews their experience of managing critical incidents of terrorist attacks. On the way to the site, they reported getting ready, preparing for the worst and freezing all feelings to act as they were trained to do. Once on site they performed, in a robot-like manner, all operations needed to prevent further casualties and make the site safe for rescue vehicles. Once the dead and the wounded were safely evacuated they engaged in site reconstruction and allowed the public to return to their daily activities. On the way home they reported feelings of professional pride and sorrow over the dead and tried to defreeze their feelings by engaging in routine activities. Despite emotional numbing that was an integral part of their training, first responders revealed intense awareness and vivid traumatic memories of the scene which they seldom shared with family members or therapists. In this macho subculture treatment was rarely sought since it would entail stigmatisation and the preferred mode of relieving tension with the use of black humour with other team members. Most importantly, the bond uniting first responders, their feeling of being connected with something greater than themselves and to a calling from above were found essential components in their quest for meaning, coherence and purpose. These components allowed for the transformation of the intense memories of disaster and chaos into a source of resiliency and growth that strengthened their faith in their mission of saving lives.
Intentional Motor Inhibition in Adults with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: An Evaluation of Performance and Lateralized Readiness Potentials During a Go/No-Go Discrimination Task

The aims of the present work were to evaluate whether adults with AttentionDeficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) exhibit attentional dysfunction and deficits in intentional motor inhibition found in children with ADHD and to compare findings among well delineated adult subtypes of ADHD. A Go/No-Go discrimination task was administered to 38 healthy and 40 unmedicated participants with ADHD (18 ADHD/Inattentive and 22 ADHD/Combined). The Go/No-Go discrimination task required right/left responses based on target position and responding/inhibiting responses (Go/No-Go, p = .50) based on stimulus characteristics (letter/numbers). Stimuli varied along two levels of discriminability (easy, 2/V; hard, 1/l). On the Go/No-Go discrimination task, the ADHD sample had reduced accuracy and slower and more variable reaction time. The ADHD/Combined sample displayed worse performance compared to controls whereas the ADHD/Inattentive sample performed intermediate to both other samples on most measures of task performance. The following exceptions were that the ADHD/Inattentive sample had slower reaction time compared to controls, slower EMG onset latency compared to both other samples, and made marginally fewer false alarms and had better d’ than ADHD/Combined participants. As expected, participants developed Lateralized Readiness Potentials (LRPs) to both No-Go and Go stimuli, thereby providing evidence of partial preparation of responses based on stimulus position. The ADHD sample had smaller stimulussynchronized LRP amplitude, especially for No-Go stimuli; this finding points to
Modeling and Simulation of Nonlinear Friction in XY AC Servo Table

The non-linear friction is an important factor affecting the machine-finishing precision. The microscopic structure of friction contact surface is analysed, which is supposed as the viscoelasticity material. The modelling method of static friction is discussed. A partition friction model has been established separately in the pre-sliding regime and dynamic friction region. The friction in XY AC servo table is measured based on the newly designed strain sensor, which is used to estimate the related parameter of the model. The compensation effect of two models is compared using the simulation software. The result indicates the tracking errors using the partition friction model proposed in this article is smaller than that of the static Stribeck model, which shows that the new model can reflect the friction characteristic of the static friction stage
Craving and Attentional Bias Respond Differently to Alcohol Priming: A Field Study in the Pub

Background: Several experimental laboratory studies have shown that subjective craving for alcohol increases as a result of low-to-moderate levels of alcohol consumption. Less is known about alcohol prime effects on relatively automatic appetitive motivational processes such as attentional bias (AB). Also, it is not known whether the effects from laboratory studies can be generalized to real-life drinking environments, and whether effects change after higher alcohol doses than those that have been administered in lab studies. Method: In two pubs, we investigated alcohol prime dose effects in self-reported craving and AB, measured by a modified Flicker Paradigm. We included an opportunistic sample of 72 social drinkers who had been drinking various amounts of alcohol. Results: Self-reported craving was positively predicted by dose of alcohol consumed, from one up to 16 drinks. In contrast, AB was negatively predicted by dose consumed in participants who had been binge drinking. Conclusion: This field study validates earlier experimental research on alcohol prime effects in a real drinking situation. Further, it demonstrates prime effects up to much higher alcohol doses than in previous lab studies.
Efficient Visual Search from Synchronized Auditory Signals Requires Transient Audiovisual Events

Background A prevailing view is that audiovisual integration requires temporally coincident signals. However, a recent study failed to find any evidence for audiovisual integration in visual search even when using synchronized audiovisual events. An important question is what information is critical to observe audiovisual integration. Methodology/Principal Findings Here we demonstrate that temporal coincidence (i.e., synchrony) of auditory and visual components can trigger audiovisual interaction in cluttered displays and consequently produce very fast and efficient target identification. In visual search experiments, subjects found a modulating visual target vastly more efficiently when it was paired with a synchronous auditory signal. By manipulating the kind of temporal modulation (sine wave vs. square wave vs. difference wave; harmonic sine-wave synthesis; gradient of onset/offset ramps) we show that abrupt visual events are required for this search efficiency to occur, and that sinusoidal audiovisual modulations do not support efficient search. Conclusions/Significance Thus, audiovisual temporal alignment will only lead to benefits in visual search if the changes in the component signals are both synchronized and transient. We propose that transient signals are necessary in synchrony-driven binding to avoid spurious interactions with unrelated signals when these occur close together in time.
Individual differences in the time course of inferential processing.

Although less skilled readers perform poorly on tasks that require inference generation, it is difficult to know whether their performance results from deficits in inferential abilities or failure to encode accurate discourse representations. These experiments contrasted skilled and less skilled readers' ability (a) to execute a process necessary to represent the meaning of a discourse (i.e., to select the context-appropriate sense of an ambiguous word) and (b) to generate knowledge-based inferences. Ss read passages that contained homograph primes and responded to lexical decision targets. Both skilled and less skilled readers responded faster to appropriate than to inappropriate associates of homograph primes, whereas only skilled readers showed facilitation to topic-related words relative to unrelated control words. It is argued that deficiencies in basic linguistic processes alone cannot account for less skilled readers' failure to generate topic-related inferences.
The Dynamic Process of Interspecific Interactions of Competitive Nitrogen Capture between Intercropped Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.)

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)/faba bean (Vicia faba L.) intercropping shows significant overyielding and high nitrogen (N)-use efficiency, but the dynamics of plant interactions have rarely been estimated. The objective of the present study was to investigate the temporal dynamics of competitive N acquisition between intercropped wheat and faba bean with the logistic model. Wheat and faba bean were grown together or alone with limited N supply in pots. Data of shoot and root biomass and N content measured from 14 samplings were fitted to logistic models to determine instantaneous rates of growth and N uptake. The superiority of instantaneous biomass production and N uptake shifted from faba bean to wheat with their growth. Moreover, the shift of superiority on N uptake occurred 7–12 days earlier than that of biomass production. Interspecific competition stimulated intercropped wheat to have a much earlier and stronger superiority on instantaneous N uptake compared with isolated wheat. The modeling methodology characterized the temporal dynamics of biomass production and N uptake of intercropped wheat and faba bean in different planting systems, which helps to understand the underlying process of plant interaction for intercropping plants.
Quantitative real-time PCR analysis and microarray-based RNA expression of HER2 in relation to outcome.

BACKGROUND Our aim was to use quantitative real-time PCR (Q-PCR) and RNA expression profiles (RNA-EPs) to investigate HER2 status in relation to outcome. PATIENTS AND METHODS Cut-off levels for Q-PCR and RNA-EP were established in relation to immunohistochemistry (IHC) validated by FISH in a test set of frozen tissue samples from 40 primary breast cancers. The HER2 status was subsequently studied in another validation set of 306 tumors, where Q-PCR and RNA-EP results were compared with previously carried out IHC that we had validated by chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH). RESULTS Q-PCR and RNA-EP offered similar sensitivity (90% versus 77%), specificity (93% versus 95%), and negative (99% versus 98%) and positive (63% versus 61%) predictive values for HER2 determinations. Analyses of relapse-free survival (RFS) and overall survival on the basis of 5 and 10 years of follow-up indicated equivalent hazard ratios for all three techniques. In contrast to IHC/CISH, both Q-PCR and RNA-EP analyses of HER2 also gave statistically significant results regarding RFS and breast cancer-corrected survival after 10 years of follow-up. CONCLUSION The use of RNA-EP and Q-PCR to analyze HER2 in frozen and formalin-fixed breast cancer samples may be an alternate approach to IHC in combination with FISH/CISH.
Neural correlates of experienced moral emotion: An fMRI investigation of emotion in response to prejudice feedback

Guilt, shame, and embarrassment are quintessential moral emotions with important regulatory functions for the individual and society. Moral emotions are, however, difficult to study with neuroimaging methods because their elicitation is more intricate than that of basic emotions. Here, using functional MRI (fMRI), we employed a novel social prejudice paradigm to examine specific brain regions associated with real-time moral emotion, focusing on guilt and related moral-negative emotions. The paradigm induced intense moral-negative emotion (primarily guilt) in 22 low-prejudice individuals through preprogrammed feedback indicating implicit prejudice against Black and disabled people. fMRI data indicated that this experience of moral-negative emotion was associated with increased activity in anterior paralimbic structures, including the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and anterior insula, in addition to areas associated with mentalizing, including the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, posterior cingulate cortex, and precuneus. Of significance was prominent conflict-related activity in the supragenual ACC, which is consistent with theories proposing an association between acute guilt and behavioral inhibition. Finally, a significant negative association between self-reported guilt and neural activity in the pregenual ACC suggested a role of self-regulatory processes in response to moral-negative affect. These findings are consistent with the multifaceted self-regulatory functions of moral-negative emotions in social behavior.
Effects of Perceptual Differences in Student-Teacher Relationships Between Student and Teacher on the Level of Understanding Instructions: Relating with Teachers’ Job Satisfaction and Students’ Peer and Parental Trust

학생과 교사의 관계는 학생이 학교에서 성공적으로 적응하고 학업을 수행하는데 중요한 역할을 한다. 교사 는 교육의 장면에서 가르치고자 하는 교육과정을 효과적으로 이해시키고 학생들이 심리적으로 건강하게 발달 하도록 돕는 역할을 해야 한다. 이러한 역할들을 수행하기 위해서 교사는 우선 학생들과 긍정적인 심리적 유 대관계를 형성하려는 노력이 필요하다. 기존 연구에 의하면 학생과 좋은 심리적 관계형성은 학생들의 심리적 안녕 뿐 아니라 수업에 대한 참여와 내용에 대한 이해에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 보고하고 있다. 교사와 학생의 관계가 학생의 학업관련 요인들에 영향을 미치지만 한 가지 중요한 부분으로 고려해야 하고 심도있게 다루어야 할 부분이 교사와 학생이 지각한 교사-학생 관계의 차이이다. 이전 연구에서 교사와의 관계에서 학 생 수준의 정보가 성취요인에 더욱 관계가 있다고 밝혀져 있지만 과연 학생 수준의 자료가 교사 수준의 자료 와 성취 요인 사이를 어느 정도 매개하는 지에 대한 연구가 미흡했다. 본 연구는 학생 수준의 교사-학생 관계 가 교사 수준의 교사-학생 관계와 학생의 수업이해도 사이를 완전 혹은 부분 매개하는 지를 살펴 보고자 하였 다. 그에 더하여 교사의 직무만족이 교사 수준 교사-학생 관계와 어느 정도 관계를 맺고 있는 지, 청소년기에 중요한 또래관계와 타인과 안정적 관계의 중요한 기반인 부모와의 관계가 어느 정도 학생지각 교사-학생 관 계와 관련을 맺고 있는 지를 함께 살펴보았다. 이와 같은 연구목적을 수행하기 위해서 전국에서 중학교 63개 학급을 표집하고 해당되는 담임교사와 학급의 학생 1965명이 연구에 참여하였다. 연구결과 학생 수준의 교사학생관계는 교사 수준의 정보와 수업이해 사이를 완전 매개하는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 교사 수준 정보 가 학생 수준 교사-학생관계로 가는 경로가 . 274로 유의했으며 학생수준 교사-학생관계가 수업이해도로 가는 경로가 . 544로 유의했다. 그러나 교사 수준 교사-학생 관계는 수업이해로 가는 경로가 통계적으로 유의하지 않았다. 직무만족 요인과 관련하여 교사 수준의 교사-학생 관계에 표준화계수가 . 395로 유의한 영향을 미쳤으 며 학생의 또래신뢰는 . 220 그리고 부모신뢰는 ,282로 높은 경로계수는 아니지만 학생 수준의 교사-학생관계 에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 의의는 비록 학생 수준의 정보가 학생의 학업요인들에 중요한 영향을 미치는 것이 사실로 입증되었지만 교사의 학생관계에 대한 지각 또한 중요한 역할을 하고 있 음을 밝혔다는 사실이다. 이와 함께 교사의 직무만족이 교사의 학생과의 관계에도 적지 않은 영향력이 있다는 정보도 앞으로 중요하게 고려되어야 할 것이다.
ON THE HEATING EFFICIENCY DERIVED FROM OBSERVATIONS OF YOUNG SUPER STAR CLUSTERS IN M82

Here, we discuss the mechanical feedback that massive stellar clusters provide to the interstellar medium of their host galaxy. We apply an analytic theory developed in a previous study for M82-A1 to a sample of 10 clusters located in the central zone of the starburst galaxy M82, all surrounded by compact and dense H ii regions. We claim that the only way that such H ii regions can survive around the selected clusters, is if they are embedded into a high-pressure ISM and if the majority of their mechanical energy is lost within the star cluster volume via strong radiative cooling. The latter implies that these clusters have a low heating efficiency, η, and evolve in the bimodal hydrodynamic regime. In this regime, the shock-heated plasma in the central zones of a cluster becomes thermally unstable, loses its pressure and is accumulated there, whereas the matter injected by supernovae and stellar winds outside this volume forms a high-velocity outflow—the star cluster wind. We calculated the heating efficiency for each of the selected clusters and found that in all cases it does not exceed 10%. Such low heating efficiency values imply a low mechanical energy output and the impact that the selected clusters provide to the ISM of M82 is thus much smaller than what one would expect using stellar cluster synthetic models.
Two novel species of Aspergillus section Nigri from indoor air

Aspergillus floridensis and A. trinidadensis spp. nov. are described as novel uniseriate species of Aspergillus section Nigri isolated from air samples. To describe the species we used phenotypes from 7-d Czapek yeast extract agar culture (CYA), creatine agar culture (CREA) and malt extract agar culture (MEA), with support by molecular analysis of the β-tubulin, calmodulin, RNA polymerase II (RPB2), and translation elongation factor-alpha (TEF) gene amplified and sequenced from 56 air isolates and one isolate from almonds belonging to Aspergillus sectionNigri. Aspergillus floridensis is closely related to A. aculeatus, and A. trinidadensis is closely related to A. aculeatinus. Aspergillus brunneoviolaceus (syn. A. fijiensis) and A. uvarum are reported for the first time from the USA and from the indoor air environment. The newly described species do not produce ochratoxin A.
Topology Control for Self-Adaptation in Wireless Sensor Networks with Temporary Connection Impairment

In this work, the problem of topology control for self-adaptation in stationary Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is revisited, specifically for the case of networks with a subset of nodes having temporary connection impairment between them. This study focuses on misbehaviors arising due to the presence of\enskip “dumb” nodes [Misra et al. 2014; Roy et al. 2014a, 2014b, 2014c; Kar and Misra 2015], which can sense its surroundings but cannot communicate with its neighbors due to shrinkage in its communication range by the environmental effects attributed to change in temperature, rainfall, and fog. However, a dumb node is expected to behave normally on the onset of favorable environmental conditions. Therefore, the presence of such dumb nodes in the network gives rise to impaired connectivity between a subset of nodes and, consequently, results in change in topology. Such phenomena are dynamic in nature and are thus distinct from the phenomena attributed to traditional isolation problems considered in stationary WSNs. Activation of all the sensor nodes simultaneously is not necessarily energy efficient and cost-effective. In order to maintain self-adaptivity of the network, two algorithms, named Connectivity Re-establishment in the presence of Dumb nodes (CoRD) and Connectivity Re-establishment in the presence of Dumb nodes Without Applying Constraints (CoRDWAC), are designed. The performance of these algorithms is evaluated through simulation-based experiments. Further, it is also observed that the performance of CoRD is better than the existing topology control protocols—LETC and A1—with respect to the number of nodes activated, overhead, and energy consumption.