Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of the Late Endosomal ESCRT Machinery in Trypanosoma brucei

The multivesicular body (MVB) is a specialized Rab7+ late endosome (LE) containing multiple intralumenal vesicles that function in targeting ubiquitinylated cell surface proteins to the lysosome for degradation. African trypanosomes lack a morphologically well‐defined MVB, but contain orthologs of the ESCRT (Endosomal Sorting Complex Required for Transport) machinery that mediates MVB formation. We investigate the role of TbVps23, an early ESCRT component, and TbVps4, the terminal ESCRT ATPase, in lysosomal trafficking in bloodstream form trypanosomes. Both localize to the TbRab7+ LE and RNAi silencing of each rapidly blocks growth. TbVps4 silencing results in approximately threefold accumulation of TbVps23 at the LE, consistent with blocking terminal ESCRT disassembly. Trafficking of endocytic and biosynthetic cargo, but not default lysosomal reporters, is also negatively affected. Others reported that TbVps23 mediates ubiquitin‐dependent lysosomal degradation of invariant surface glycoproteins (ISG65) (Leung et al., Traffic 2008;9:1698–1716). In contrast, we find that TbVps23 ablation does not affect ISG65 turnover, while TbVps4 silencing markedly enhances lysosomal degradation. We propose several models to accommodate these results, including that the ESCRT machinery actually retrieves ISG65 from the LE to earlier endocytic compartments, and in its absence ISG65 traffics more efficiently to the lysosome. Overall, these results confirm that the ESCRT machinery is essential in Trypanosoma brucei and plays important and novel role(s) in LE function in trypanosomes.
LEAVE NO STONE UNTURNED : INTRODUCING A REVOLUTIONARY METASEARCH TOOL FOR RIGOROUS AND EFFICIENT SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE SEARCHES Prototype

A rigorous and systematic search that uncovers relevant literature is a crucial part of any research project. However, finding literature in the information systems (IS) field is a complex, time-consuming and error-prone task. Due to the interdisciplinary nature of the IS field, research contributions are published in a wide variety of outlets (i.e., journals and conference proceedings) from a diverse set of disciplines (e.g., computer sciences, economics, management, sociology, medical sciences). These outlets are dispersed over numerous literature databases, each with its own functionalities, peculiarities, and constraints. To address this issue, we developed LitSonar. LitSonar is a revolutionary meta-search engine for academic literature which consolidates search results from several literature databases. LitSonar aims to improve the quality of literature reviews by enhancing rigour and efficiency of literature searches. Following the design science research paradigm, LitSonar is developed with an incremental development approach consisting of multiple design cycles of artefact creation/refinement and qualitative/quantitative evaluation. In this prototype paper, we present the overall design objectives as well as implementation details of the current prototype. In doing so, this paper can help researchers in evaluating approaches towards developing novel solutions to improve efficiency and rigour of literature searches.
Journal of Systems and Information Technology Managing the implementation of an innovative technology in a hospital : a case study

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a model of radio frequency identification (RFID) implementation process in a hospital. The model is developed to fill the lack of models on RFID implementation in a hospital setting. Design/methodology/approach – The case study research and grounded theory approaches are combined. The data are collected through repeat interviews with the hospital’s RFID manager and the IT vendor. The data are analysed using the grounded theory approach. Findings – The main finding of the paper is the RFID implementation process model in a hospital. The model consists of key activities that have occurred during the unfreezing, moving and refreezing stages of the implementation. Research limitations/implications – The generalisability of the model may be limited because it is based only on a single hospital’s RFID implementation. Practical implications – RFID managers in hospitals need to be aware that the technology’s implementation is no different to other types of information systems implementation. However, they also need to be aware of the contextual differences in their hospitals before the model can be adapted. Originality/value – The RFID implementation process model could guide existing and future RFID managers in hospitals. The three stages of the model will enable the managers in identifying the different emphasis needed in each stage.
IS Flexibility Planning for IT/Business Strategy Alignment via Future Oriented POC Analysis

Nowadays, IT/Business strategy alignment is still a key topic of concern among managers worldwide. Change has always being considered the primary challenge affecting the strategy alignment. Planning for alignment in uncertain and dynamic changing environments is burdened with risk as organizations seek to understand how much flexibility to build in their management information system so as to maintain high levels of alignment. The literature review showed that there is a tight relationship between IT infrastructure flexibility and the strategy alignment with strategic information systems (SIS) planning serving as a moderator of this relationship, and that emphasized the needs for organizations to use SIS planning consistently and to monitor the relationship between IS flexibility and the alignment. This paper presents the procedure of SIS planning with IS flexibility renovation via future oriented analysis of POC (penalty of change) as a function of cost and time. Using this SIS planning and monitoring IS flexibility and the alignment during periods of increased change in dynamic and uncertain environments reduces the risk that could transform IT into an inhibitor rather than an enabler of change. Keywords—IT/Business strategy alignment, strategic information systems (SIS) planning, IS flexibility, penalty of change (POC).
QoS-Based Web Service Description and Discovery

In performing a printing operation, upon designating the type of paper by inputting it, a paper type table is searched to determine whether the designated type of paper requires a special printing operation, such as reverse feeding and printing. If the above-mentioned operation is required, an appropriate printing operation command is issued. If the above-mentioned operation is not necessary, a normal printing operation command is issued. A determination is also made of whether the designated type of paper requires a special fixing printing, such as cardboard mode fixing. If the above-mentioned operation is required, an appropriate fixing command is issued. If the above-mentioned operation is not necessary, a normal mode fixing command is issued. An image of print data is then formed and printed.
A comparative analysis of the nature and extent of traffic offences and their relationship to other non-traffic offences

This study examined the relationship between traffic offences and other types of crime through a comparative analysis of their characteristics and temporal/spatial dynamics. The results suggest that serious traffic offences, disturbances and offences against the person share similar characteristics and occur in concentrated places at similar times. This gives credence to the notion suggested by other studies (Broughton 2003; Rose, 2000; Sugg, 1998) that there is an association between serious traffic offending and general criminality. The findings demonstrate the value of place based theories of crime and indicate that targeting specific criminal offences at times and places through problem oriented policing may have potential for reducing serious traffic offences. The authors suggest a more comprehensive model to explain the relationship between traffic offending and criminality.
Party Agency and the Religious—Secular Cleavage in Post-Communist Countries: The Case of Romania

Research focusing on several post-communist countries has found evidence of social cleavage effects on political behaviour similar to those found in Western Europe. In some post-communist countries, however, social cleavage effects appear far weaker (if at all). To understand why this is the case, I perform a case study of Romania, focusing on the religious—secular cleavage. Drawing upon research that emphasises the role of parties in forming cleavages, I argue that the reason for the absence of social cleavage effects is due to party competition for the same group of voters by parties from opposing ends of the ideological spectrum. By shifting their positions, some parties have prevented the appearance of cleavages by shaping individuals' perceptions of the parties and, in doing so, have even altered individuals' own left—right self-placements.
Cervical Discogenic Pain: Prospective Correlation of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Discography in Asymptomatic Subjects and Pain Sufferers

Study Design Asymptomatic subjects and chronic head/neck pain sufferers were studied with high-field magnetic resonance imaging and cervical discography to compare and correlate both tests. Objectives To assess the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging and discography in identifying the source(s) of cervical discogenic pain. Summary of Background Data Previous retrospective studies describe a generally poor correlation between magnetic resonance imaging and provocative discography in the cervical spine. Methods Ten lifelong asymptomatic subjects and 10 nonlitigious chronic neck/head pain patients underwent discography at C3-C4 through C6-C7 after magnetic resonance imaging. Disc morphology and provoked responses were recorded at each level studied. Results Of 20 normal discs by magnetic resonance from the asymptomatic volunteers, 17 proved to have painless anular tears discographically. The average response per disc (N = 40) for this group was 2.42, compared to 5.2 (N = 40) for the neck pain group. In the pain patients, 11 discs appeared normal at magnetic resonance imaging, whereas 10 of these proved to have anular tears discographically. Two of these 10 proved concordantly painful with intensity ratings of at least 7/10. Discographically normal discs (N = 8) were never painful (both groups), whereas intensely painful discs all exhibited tears of both the inner and outer aspects of the anulus. Conclusions Significant cervical disc anular tears often escape magnetic resonance imaging detection, and magnetic resonance imaging cannot reliably identify the source(s) of cervical discogenic pain.
Now what? Effects of on-site assessment on treatment entry after perinatal depression screening.

BACKGROUND Depression is a frequent accompaniment of the perinatal period. Although screening improves detection of perinatal depression, it does not in itself improve mental health treatment entry and, therefore, does not improve outcomes. This study addresses the feasibility of incorporating diagnostic assessment for depression directly into perinatal care visits and the influence of doing so on entry into mental health treatment. METHODS The Perinatal Depression Management Program was implemented in an urban community health center serving a predominantly Hispanic population. The Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) was administered during perinatal visits. Positive screens (scores ≥10) were followed within the same visit by brief diagnostic assessment and engagement strategies. Chart review was conducted to compare rates of screening, assessment, and treatment entry during a 3-month baseline period before implementation of the intervention (n=141) with a 1-year period after implementation of the intervention (n=400). RESULTS Before the intervention, 65.2% of patients completed a PHQ-9, and 10% of patients with positive screens received on-site assessment. None of the patients with identified perinatal depression entered treatment. After model implementation, significantly more (93.5%) completed a PHQ-9, and of patients with positive screens, 84.8% received an on-site assessment. Among patients diagnosed with major depression and offered treatment, 90% entered treatment. CONCLUSIONS It is feasible to implement diagnostic assessment for depression within perinatal clinic visits. Doing so may substantially increase entry into mental health treatment for women with perinatal major depression while reducing unnecessary mental health referral of patients with false positive screens.
Progressive Degeneration of Human Mesencephalic Neuron-Derived Cells Triggered by Dopamine-Dependent Oxidative Stress Is Dependent on the Mixed-Lineage Kinase Pathway

Models of Parkinson's disease (PD) based on selective neuronal death have been used to study pathogenic mechanisms underlying nigral cell death and in some instances to develop symptomatic therapies. For validation of putative neuroprotectants, a model is desirable in which the events leading to neurodegeneration replicate those occurring in the disease. We developed a human in vitro model of PD based on the assumption that dysregulated cytoplasmic dopamine levels trigger cell loss in this disorder. Differentiated human mesencephalic neuron-derived cells were exposed to methamphetamine (METH) to promote cytoplasmic dopamine accumulation. In the presence of elevated iron concentrations, as observed in PD, increased cytosolic dopamine led to oxidative stress, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway activation, neurite degeneration, and eventually apoptosis. We examined the role of the mixed-lineage kinases (MLKs) in this complex degenerative cascade by using the potent inhibitor 3,9-bis[(ethylthio)methyl]-K-252a (CEP1347). Inhibition of MLKs not only prevented FeCl2+/METH-induced JNK activation and apoptosis but also early events such as neurite degeneration and oxidative stress. This broad neuroprotective action of CEP1347 was associated with increased expression of an oxidative stress-response modulator, activating transcription factor 4. As a functional consequence, transcription of the cystine/glutamate and glycine transporters, cellular cystine uptake and intracellular levels of the redox buffer glutathione were augmented. In conclusion, this new human model of parkinsonian neurodegeneration has the potential to yield new insights into neurorestorative therapeutics and suggests that enhancement of cytoprotective mechanisms, in addition to blockade of apoptosis, may be essential for disease modulation.
Physiological alterations of vegetative microorganisms resulting form chlorination.

Traditionally, the biological quality of a water or wastewater, particularly with respect to the possible presence of pathogens, has been assessed by the use of the coliform group of organisms. Within the past 10 or 15 years, it has become apparent that the coliform bac teria, although adequate as sentinels for typ ical enteric bacterial pathogens such as Sal monella, are not adequate indicators of the presence or persistence of enteric viruses, espe cially following water or wastewater chlorina tion.
The Effectiveness of Worksite Physical Activity Programs on Physical Activity, Physical Fitness, and Health

ObjectiveTo critically review the literature with respect to the effectiveness of worksite physical activity programs on physical activity, physical fitness, and health. Data SourcesA search for relevant English-written papers published between 1980 and 2000 was conducted using MEDLINE, EMBASE, Sportdiscus, CINAHL, and Psychlit. The key words used involved a combination of concepts regarding type of study, study population, intervention, and outcome measure. In addition, a search was performed in our personal databases, as well as a reference search of the studies retrieved. Study SelectionThe following criteria for inclusion were used: 1) randomized, controlled trial or nonrandomized, controlled trial; 2) working population; 3) worksite intervention program to promote employees' physical activity or physical fitness; and 4) physical activity, physical fitness, or health-related outcomes. Data ExtractionTwo reviewers independently evaluated the quality of relevant studies using a predefined set of nine methodological criteria. Conclusions regarding the effectiveness of a worksite physical activity programs were based on a rating system consisting of five levels of evidence. Data SynthesisFifteen randomized, controlled trials and 11 nonrandomized, controlled trials met the criteria for inclusion and were reviewed. Six randomized, controlled trials and none of the nonrandomized, controlled trials were of high methodological quality. Strong evidence was found for a positive effect of a worksite physical activity program on physical activity and musculoskeletal disorders. Limited evidence was found for a positive effect on fatigue. For physical fitness, general health, blood serum lipids, and blood pressure, inconclusive or no evidence was found for a positive effect. ConclusionsTo increase the level of physical activity and to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal disorders, we support implementation of worksite physical activity programs. For the other outcome measures, scientific evidence of the effectiveness of such a program is still limited or inconclusive, which is mainly the result of the small number of high-quality trials. Therefore, we recommend performing more randomized, controlled trials of high methodological quality, taking into account criteria such as randomization, blinding, and compliance.
The development of siblings of children with autism at 4 and 14 months: social engagement, communication, and cognition.

AIMS To compare siblings of children with autism (SIBS-A) and siblings of children with typical development (SIBS-TD) at 4 and 14 months of age. METHODS At 4 months, mother-infant interactional synchrony during free play, infant gaze and affect during the still-face paradigm, and infant responsiveness to a name-calling paradigm were examined (n = 21 in each group). At 14 months, verbal and nonverbal communication skills were examined as well as cognition (30 SIBS-A and 31 SIBS-TD). RESULTS Most SIBS-A were functioning as well as the SIBS-TD at 4 and 14 months of age. However, some differences in early social engagement and later communicative and cognitive skills emerged. Synchrony was weaker in the SIBS-A dyads, but only for infant-led interactions. Infant SIBS-A revealed more neutral affect during the still-face procedure and were less upset by it than was true for the SIBS-TD. A surprising result was that significantly more SIBS-A responded to their name being called by their mothers compared to SIBS-TD. At 14 months, SIBS-A made fewer nonverbal requesting gestures and achieved lower language scores on the Bayley Scale. Six SIBS-A revealed a language delay of 5 months and were responsible for some of the significant differences between SIBS-A and SIBS-TD. Furthermore, infant SIBS-A who showed more neutral affect to the still face and were less able to respond to their name being called by their mothers initiated fewer nonverbal joint attention and requesting behaviors at 14 months, respectively. DISCUSSION Focused on the genetic liability for the broad phenotype of autism as well as the possible influence of having a sibling with autism.
Naturalness, weak scale supersymmetry, and the prospect for the observation of supersymmetry at the Fermilab Tevatron and at the CERN LHC

Naturalness bounds on weak scale supersymmetry in the context of radiative breaking of the electroweak symmetry are analyzed. In the case of minimal supergravity it is found that for low $\mathrm{tan}\ensuremath{\beta}$ and for low values of fine-tuning $\ensuremath{\Phi},$ where $\ensuremath{\Phi}$ is defined essentially by the ratio ${\ensuremath{\mu}}^{2}{/M}_{Z}^{2}$ where $\ensuremath{\mu}$ is the Higgs mixing parameter and ${M}_{Z}$ is the $Z$ boson mass, the allowed values of the universal scalar parameter ${m}_{0},$ and the universal gaugino mass ${m}_{1/2}$ lie on the surface of an ellipsoid with radii fixed by $\ensuremath{\Phi}$ leading to tightly constrained upper bounds $\ensuremath{\sim}\sqrt{\ensuremath{\Phi}}. $ Thus for $\mathrm{tan}\ensuremath{\beta}l~2(l~5)$ it is found that the upper limits for the entire set of sparticle masses lie in the range $l700 \mathrm{GeV} (l1.5 \mathrm{TeV})$ for any reasonable range of fine-tuning $(\ensuremath{\Phi}l~20). $ However, it is found that there exist regions of the parameter space where the fine-tuning does not tightly constrain ${m}_{0}$ and ${m}_{1/2}. $ Effects of nonuniversalities in the Higgs boson sector and in the third generation sector on naturalness bounds are also analyzed and it is found that nonuniversalities can significantly affect the upper bounds. It is also found that achieving the maximum Higgs boson mass allowed in supergravity unified models requires a high degree of fine-tuning. Thus a heavy sparticle spectrum is indicated if the Higgs boson mass exceeds 120 GeV. The prospect for the discovery of supersymmetry at the Fermilab Tevatron and at the CERN LHC in view of these results is discussed.
Studies of Diagnosis and Remediation with High School Algebra Students

Despite extensive discussion in the literature about the diagnosis and subsequent remediation of students' errors, few studies have compared the effects of different styles of error-based remediation. Swan (1983) found that a conflict approach (pointing out errors made by students and demonstrating their consequences) was more effective than simple reteaching, but Bunderson & Olsen (1983) found no difference between error-specific remediation and reteaching. More studies are needed in order to understand the factors which lead to successful remediation. The three studies discussed in this article compared error-specific or model-based remediation (MBR) with reteaching in algebra. MBR bases its remediation on the model inferred for an individual student before reteaching the correct procedure. Reteaching simply shows students the correct procedure without addressing specific errors. The results show that MBR and reteaching are both more effective than no tutoring; however, MBR is not clearly more effective than reteaching. The results are discussed in terms of stability of errors, their relevance to educational practice and to intelligent tutoring systems (ITS). Although the studies were carried out using human tutors, the results suggest that for the purpose of remediation in the algebra domain, when taught procedurally, “classical” computer-assisted instruction (CAI) would be as effective as an ITS.
Treating Nonsuicidal Self-Injury: Experience of Graduate Mental Health Students

Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is common and rising in clinical and nonclinical populations, particularly among adolescents. Little is known about the training or experiences of graduate mental health students in diagnosing and treating self-injuring clients. In March 2010, students in accredited clinical psychology, counseling psychology, and social work programs across the United States were invited to participate in an online survey. A total of 500 respondents rated and described their training with respect to NSSI as well as their experiences with and perceptions of both clients who engage in self-injurious behaviors and the behaviors themselves. Among other findings, results indicated that 78.1% of students doing clinical practice were seeing clients who engaged in self-injury, but only 21.6% had received formal training on NSSI. Similarly, few students were familiar with self-injury assessment tools. Only 20% believed they knew enough to treat NSSI effectively. The findings suggest that graduate mental health programs should strengthen training and supervision on nonsuicidal self-injury.