Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Defining the Specificity of Cotranslationally Acting Chaperones by Systematic Analysis of mRNAs Associated with Ribosome-Nascent Chain Complexes

Polypeptides exiting the ribosome must fold and assemble in the crowded environment of the cell. Chaperones and other protein homeostasis factors interact with newly translated polypeptides to facilitate their folding and correct localization. Despite the extensive efforts, little is known about the specificity of the chaperones and other factors that bind nascent polypeptides. To address this question we present an approach that systematically identifies cotranslational chaperone substrates through the mRNAs associated with ribosome-nascent chain-chaperone complexes. We here focused on two Saccharomyces cerevisiae chaperones: the Signal Recognition Particle (SRP), which acts cotranslationally to target proteins to the ER, and the Nascent chain Associated Complex (NAC), whose function has been elusive. Our results provide new insights into SRP selectivity and reveal that NAC is a general cotranslational chaperone. We found surprising differential substrate specificity for the three subunits of NAC, which appear to recognize distinct features within nascent chains. Our results also revealed a partial overlap between the sets of nascent polypeptides that interact with NAC and SRP, respectively, and showed that NAC modulates SRP specificity and fidelity in vivo. These findings give us new insight into the dynamic interplay of chaperones acting on nascent chains. The strategy we used should be generally applicable to mapping the specificity, interplay, and dynamics of the cotranslational protein homeostasis network.
$ \nu$ -Support Vector Machine as Conditional Value-at-Risk Minimization

The $ \nu$ -support vector classiﬁcation ( $ \nu$ -SVC) algorithm was shown to work well and provide intuitive interpretations, e.g., the parameter $ \nu$ roughly speciﬁes the fraction of support vectors. Although $ \nu$ corresponds to a fraction, it cannot take the entire range between $0$ and 1 in its original form. This problem was settled by a non-convex extension of $ \nu$ -SVC and the extended method was experimentally shown to generalize better than original v-SVC. However, its good generalization performance and convergence properties of the optimization algorithm have not been studied yet. In this paper, we provide new theoretical insights into these issues and propose a novel $ \nu$ -SVC algorithm that has guaranteed generalization performance and convergence properties.
Tactual Discrimination of Shapes

The young child's development of the concept of space was explored using shapes characterized by topological and Euclidean relations. The subjects were required to tactually explore a stimulus shape and then to locate the identical shape factually from among four alternatives. No significant differences were found on the basis of vision or sex, but school experience did affect choice. Results were examined in terms of Piaget's theory of spatial development and found to parallel his findings with sighted children.
Effects of Hydrated Potato Starch on the Quality of Low-fat Ttoekgalbi (Korean Traditional Patty) Packaged in Modified Atmosphere Conditions during Storage

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of hydrated potato starch on the quality of low-fat ttoekgalbi (Korean traditional patty) packaged in modified atmosphere conditions during storage. The ttoekgalbi was prepared from 53.2% lean beef, 13.9% lean pork, 9.3% pork fat, and 23.6% other ingredients. Two low-fat ttoekgalbi treatments were prepared by substituting pork fat with hydrated potato starch; either by 50% fat replacement (50% FR) or 100% fat replacement (100% FR). Both 50% and 100% FR increased the moisture, crude protein, and decreased fat content, cooking loss, and hardness. For MAP studies, 200 g of ttoekgalbi were placed on the tray and filled with gas composed of 70% O2: 30% CO2 (70% O2-MAP) and 30% CO2: 70% N2 (70% N2-MAP), and were stored at 5°C for 12 d. During the storage time, both 50% and 100% FR showed higher protein deterioration, while no differences were found in CIE a*, CIE L*, lipid oxidation, and bacterial counts in comparison to control. The ttoekgalbi with 70% O2-MAP was more red, lighter in color, and showed higher TBARS values compared with 70% N2-MAP. The meat with 70% N2-MAP showed lower aerobic bacterial counts in control than those with 70% O2-MAP. The lower anaerobic bacterial counts were observed only in 50% FR and 100% FR packed with 70% N2-MAP in comparison with 70% O2-MAP. In conclusion, the fat replacement with hydrated potato starch showed no negative effects on the quality of low fat ttoekgalbi during storage and 70% N2-MAP was better than 70% O2-MAP for low-fat ttoekgalbi packaging.
Cognitive determinants of infra-humanization: the role of illusory correlation and attentional processes

People commonly attribute more uniquely human characteristics to their in-group than to out-groups but do not differentially attribute the characteristics that we share with other animals. This process is called out-group de/infra-humanization. Up to now it has been conceptualized mainly as a motivated phenomenon serving many intergroup functions. Research so far has not investigated the possibility that animalistic de/infra-humanization might also have cognitive determinants. My research sought to fill this gap in the literature by suggesting that out-group infra-humanization can be conceived as an illusory correlation that people create between groups which represent (at least in one’s own experience) the majority and humanness, which is a quality unique to and shared by all human beings. Recent research on illusory correlation explains this phenomenon in terms of Kruschke’s (1996, 2001, 2003) Attention Theory of category learning (AT). AT proposes that, when learning about multiple groups, the features of the majority group are learned earlier than the features of the minority group. Once the features of the majority group are learned, attention is shifted to learn about the minority group. Impressions of the second-learned group form around those features that most clearly differentiate it from the first-learned group. Since the in-group often has a majority status and being uniquely human is a generally shared attribute, this model would suggest that we tend to associate humanness with the in-group. In turn, the association of humanness with the second-learned group (out-group) would be inhibited. Moreover, the out-group is more likely to be associated with the less common comparative attribute (i.e., non-uniquely human), strengthening out-group infra-humanization. Three experiments support this explanation of the infra-humanization effect as a result of associating humanity with the in-group. In Studies 1 and 2, we investigated whether out-group infra-humanization can result from the way people perceive and process information in case of illusory correlation where no real differences exist between the majority and minority groups. In Study 3, we investigated whether group identification modulates the basic illusory correlation effect. Implications for de/infra-humanization, illusory correlation, and stereotype formation are discussed.
Sensory Stimulation for Lowering Intraocular Pressure, Improving Blood Flow to the Optic Nerve and Neuroprotection in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

Primary open-angle glaucoma is a group of optic neuropathies that can lead to irreversible blindness. Sensory stimulation in the form of acupuncture or ear acupressure may contribute to protecting patients from blindness when used as a complementary method to orthodox treatment in the form of drops, laser or surgery. The objective of this article is to provide a narrative overview of the available literature up to July 2012. It summarises reported evidence on the potential beneficial effects of sensory stimulation for glaucoma. Sensory stimulation appears to significantly enhance the pressure-lowering effect of orthodox treatments. Studies suggest that it may also improve blood flow to the eye and optic nerve head. Furthermore, it may play a role in neuroprotection through regulating nerve growth factor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor and their receptors, thereby encouraging the survival pathway in contrast to the pathway to apoptosis. Blood flow and neuroprotection are areas that are not directly influenced by orthodox treatment modalities. Numerous different treatment protocols were used to investigate the effect of sensory stimulation on intraocular pressure, blood flow or neuroprotection of the retina and optic nerve in the animal model and human pilot studies. Objective outcomes were reported to have been evaluated with Goldmann tonometry, Doppler ultrasound techniques and electrophysiology (pattern electroretinography, visually evoked potentials), and supported with histological studies in the animal model. Taken together, reported evidence from these studies strongly suggests that sensory stimulation is worthy of further research.
Cross-Cultural Survey Methods

Contributors. Preface. PART I: INTRODUCTION. Comparative Research (J. Harkness, et al.). PART II: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION. Questionnaire Design in Comparative Research (J. Harkness, et al.). Questionnaire Translation (J. Harkness). Communication and Social Cognition (M. Braun). Developing Comparable Questions in Cross-National Surveys (T. Smith). Culture-Sensitive Context Effects: A Challenge for Cross-Cultural Surveys (N. Schwarz). Background Variables (M. Braun & P. Mohler). Sampling and Estimation (S. Hader & S. Gabler). PART III: ERROR AND COMPARATIVE SURVEYS. Errors in Comparative Survey Research: An Overview (M. Braun). Bias and Equivalence: Cross-Cultural Perspectives (F. Van de Vijver). Nonresponse in Cross-Cultural and Cross-National Surveys (M. Couper & E. de Leeuw). Data Collection Methods (K. Skj? k & J. Harkness). Social Desirability in Cross-Cultural Research (T. Johnson & F. Van de Vijver). PART IV: ANALYSIS OF COMPARATIVE DATA. Bias and Substantive Analyses (F. Van de Vijver). Multidimensional Scaling (J. Fontaine). Cross-Cultural Equivalence with Structural Equation Modeling (J. Billiet). Multitrait - Multimethod Studies (W. Saris). Response Function Equality (W. Saris). PART V: DOCUMENTATION AND SECONDARY ANALYSIS. Using Published Survey Data (J. van Deth). Documenting Comparative Surveys for Secondary Analysis (P. Mohler & R. Uher). The Use of Meta-Analysis in Cross-National Studies (E. de Leeuw & J. Hox). Glossary (T. Johnson). References. Author Index. Subject Index.
Do I Date My Dance Partner: An Examination of Marital Satisfaction Among Serious Leisure Participants in Partner Dancing

Do I Date My Dance Partner: An Examination of Marital Satisfaction Among Serious Leisure Participants in Partner Dancing Sara A. Hyde Department of Recreation Management, BYU Master of Science The purpose of this study was to compare marital satisfaction among serious leisure participants in partner dancing and their spouses based on their participation patterns in dance (both dancers or only one dancer), with covariates of spousal support, satisfaction with leisure, and leisure-family conflict. This study not only found a significant relationship between marital satisfaction and participation patterns for dancers (participating together β =.2125), but the averages for joint and individual participation patterns fell on either side of the non-distressed versus distressed cut-off score for marital satisfaction, suggesting that participation in a serious leisure activity, like partner dancing, without your spouse was associated with marital distress, and participating with your spouse can help reduce or avoid that stress. Results also suggest that it is role support felt for a specific leisure activity (in this case, dance) that was related to marital satisfaction (β =.4925), but not support felt for general leisure activities or levels of support given. Finally, retiring to bed at the same time was confirmed as an important couple ritual that positively relates to marital satisfaction (β =.1548).
Single-Pulse Characteristics of the Millisecond Radio Pulsar PSR B1937+21 at 430 MHz

The single-pulse characteristics of the millisecond pulsar PSR B1937+21 are studied using the recently installed Caltech baseband recorder at the Arecibo Radio Observatory in Puerto Rico. This is the first such analysis of this object that includes both average intensity pulses as well as "giant pulses. " Pulse ensemble-averaging techniques are developed in order to study the characteristics of PSR B1937+21's single pulses since the high time resolution signal-to-noise ratio is less than unity. This analysis reveals that the non-giant pulse radio emission is extremely stable. All observed fluctuations are consistent with diffractive interstellar scattering. Such intrinsic stability has yet to be observed in other radio pulsars.
Disability Labels Affect Physical Educators

This study assessed the affect of the label (i.e., CP) attached to a description of a child’s motor ability and teacher attributes on the variables of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TpB) on two groups of elementary teachers (label and no-label). Results from a Hotelling = s T2 MANOVA showed a labeling effect. Results from a simple linear regression procedure also showed that of the teacher attributes assessed, only perceived teaching competence (p < .01) predicted favorable intentions. Support for the TpB was demonstrated for the group with the label for the social normative component (p < .000). Further analyses showed that for the group that receive that label information, only the school principal (p < .05) was associated with favorable intentions.
Latina Self-Reported Mental Health and Delay in Health Care in a New Latino Destination

Understanding how depression and/or anxiety affects use of health care among Latinas in rapidly growing new Latino destinations, population where the growth rate of the Latino population exceeds the national average, may enhance community engagement efforts. Using community-based participatory research, a questionnaire assessing health care use was administered to 289 Latinas. Most (70%) reported delaying healthcare, and self-reported depression/anxiety was associated with a 3.1 fold (95% CI: 1.6–5.9) increase in delay, after adjusting for current health status, acculturation, age, education, and place of birth. Mental health disparities exist among Latinas, which are related to delays in use of health care. A gap exists regarding health education interventions for Latinas. More research is needed to identify successful models, especially in new Latino destinations as they may be particularly vulnerable to delay care.
National Assessment of Title I Final Report Volume II: Closing the Reading Gap: Findings from a Randomized Trial of Four Reading Interventions for Striving Readers (Appendices)

This report details findings from an experimental evaluation of four widely used programs for elementary school students with reading problemsâ€”Corrective Reading, Failure Free Reading, Spell Read P.A. T. , and Wilson Reading. Conducted just outside Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in the Allegheny Intermediate Unit, the evaluation explored the extent to which the programs affect both word-level reading and reading comprehension skills of students in grades three and five identified as struggling readers. This report presents impacts on reading test scores one year after the interventions ended, when most of the students were in fourth and sixth grade, as well as impacts on state reading and mathematics test scores from the previous year. Key findings show that the interventions improved some reading skills but did not improve state test scores. Furthermore, younger students benefited more, and the interventions narrowed some reading gaps.
THE WAR OF THE WOODS : PROCESSES OF ORGANIZATIONAL LEARNING AND INSTITUTIONAL CHANGE

150) Using a partially grounded theory approach, we examine multilevel learning processes over time at four British Columbia forest companies in response to significant changes in their environment. We identify a self-reinforcing ‘legitimacy trap’, where organizations respond with moral indignation and the escalation of normative commitment to an institutionalized practice when they are subjected to normative claims that they judge to be illegitimate. We then identify facilitators of and impediments to high quality adaptive exploratory learning, using the Crossan, Lane and White (1999) framework of organizational learning processes. We build on their framework to include ‘normative confusion’, which leads to unlearning and paves the way for future learning. We also examine processes of institutionalization at the field level, in addition to the processes of intuiting, interpreting, integrating and institutionalizing at the levels of individual, group and organization. We formalize our findings in propositions and offer suggestions for future research and practice.
Shape‐Selective Synthesis of Palladium Nanoparticles Stabilized by Highly Branched Amphiphilic Polymers

Despite the current broad interest in such materials, the synthesis of defined structures in the size range of 10 nm to ca. 1 μm (“mesoscopic”) is challenging. Few routes shape‐selectively afford geometrically regular structures, other than the typical spherical metal particles of 1 to 10 nm. Moreover, these few routes are largely restricted to aqueous systems, however, for catalysis and other applications dispersions in organic solvents are desirable. Carbon monoxide reduction of a palladium(II) compound in combination with stabilization by (readily available) amphiphilic hyperbranched polymers surprisingly affords dispersions of hexagonal platelets selectively with average sizes of thirty to several hundred nanometers in toluene. The size can be controlled by the polymer composition. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction, and extended X‐ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy demonstrate these palladium(0) platelets to be extremely thin (1–2 nm). Despite this high aspect ratio, the platelets prove quite shear resistant.
Player Profiling with Fallout 3

In previous research we concluded that a personality profile, based on the Five Factor Model, can be constructed from observations of a player’s behavior in a module that we designed for Neverwinter Nights (Lankveld et al. 2011a). In the present research, we investigate whether we can do the same thing in an actual modern commercial video game, in this case the game Fallout 3. We stored automatic observations on 36 participants who played the introductory stages of Fallout 3. We then correlated these observations with the participants’ personality profiles, expressed by values for five personality traits as measured by the standard NEO-FFI questionnaire. Our analysis shows correlations between all five personality traits and the game observations. These results validate and generalize the results from our previous research (Lankveld et al. 2011a). We may conclude that Fallout 3, and by extension other modern video games, allows players to express their personality, and can therefore be used to create personality profiles.
Expression patterns of the homeobox gene, Hox-8, in the mouse embryo suggest a role in specifying tooth initiation and shape.

We have studied the expression patterns of the newly isolated homeobox gene, Hox-8 by in situ hybridisation to sections of the developing heads of mouse embryos between E9 and E17.5, and compared them to Hox-7 expression patterns in adjacent sections. This paper concentrates on the interesting expression patterns of Hox-8 during initiation and development of the molar and incisor teeth. Hox-8 expression domains are present in the neural crest-derived mesenchyme beneath sites of future tooth formation, in a proximo-distal gradient. Tooth development is initiated in the oral epithelium which subsequently thickens in discrete sites and invaginates to form the dental lamina. Hox-8 expression in mouse oral epithelium is first evident at the sites of the dental placodes, suggesting a role in the specification of tooth position. Subsequently, in molar teeth, this patch of Hox-8 expressing epithelium becomes incorporated within the buccal aspect of the invaginating dental lamina to form part of the external enamel epithelium of the cap stage tooth germ. This locus of Hox-8 expression becomes continuous with new sites of Hox-8 expression in the enamel navel, septum, knot and internal enamel epithelium. The transitory enamel knot, septum and navel were postulated, long ago, to be involved in specifying tooth shape, causing the inflection of the first buccal cusp, but this theory has been largely ignored. Interestingly, in the conical incisor teeth, the enamel navel, septum and knot are absent, and Hox-8 has a symmetrical expression pattern. Our demonstration of the precise expression patterns of Hox-8 in the early dental placodes and their subsequent association with the enamel knot, septum and navel provide the first molecular clues to the basis of patterning in the dentition and the association of tooth position with tooth shape: an association all the more intriguing in view of the evolutionary robustness of the patterning mechanism, and the known role of homeobox genes in Drosophila pattern formation. At the bell stage of tooth development, Hox-8 expression switches tissue layers, being absent from the differentiating epithelial ameloblasts and turned on in the differentiating mesenchymal odontoblasts. Hox-7 is expressed in the mesenchyme of the dental papilla and follicle at all stages. This reciprocity of expression suggests an interactive role between Hox-7, Hox-8 and other genes in regulating epithelial mesenchymal interactions during dental differentiation. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Adherence to ACOG guidelines on exercise during pregnancy: effect on pregnancy outcome.

OBJECTIVE To determine the extent to which exercising women adhered to the ACOG guidelines on exercise during pregnancy and the effect of nonadherence on pregnancy outcome. DESIGN Nonexperimental, retrospective survey. SETTING Two national physical fitness conferences. PARTICIPANTS One hundred seventy-three women who exercised during their pregnancies. OUTCOME MEASURES Maternal weight gain, neonatal birth weight, occurrence of cesarean delivery, and gestational age of newborn. RESULTS Eighty-three percent of the women knew of the ACOG guidelines. A total of 87 (53%) adhered to the guidelines. Women who exercised with heart rate intensities above 150 beats per minute, for durations longer than 40 minutes through the 3rd trimester, or both had no significant difference in maternal weight gain, fetal birth weight, or gestational age of the newborn (p > .05) than those who exercised more moderately. The long-duration and moderate-intensity groups had significantly fewer cesarean deliveries (p < .05). CONCLUSION Women who exercised regularly before conceiving and who had uncomplicated pregnancies did not adversely affect their own or their offsprings' health by exercising in excess of the ACOG guidelines.