Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Chromosome 3p loss of heterozygosity is associated with a unique metabolic network in clear cell renal carcinoma

Significance It is suggested that regulation of metabolism is a point of convergence of many different cancer-associated pathways. Here we challenged the validity of this assertion and verified that a transversal metabolic signature in cancer emerges chiefly in the regulation of nucleotide metabolism. However, the most common form of renal cancer deviates from this behavior and presents some defects in its metabolic network not present in the normal kidney and unseen in other tumors. Notably, reduced copy number in key metabolic genes located adjacent to VHL (a tumor suppressor gene frequently deleted in this cancer) recapitulates these defects. These results are suggestive that recurrent chromosomal loss of heterozygosity in cancer may uniquely shape the metabolic network. Several common oncogenic pathways have been implicated in the emergence of renowned metabolic features in cancer, which in turn are deemed essential for cancer proliferation and survival. However, the extent to which different cancers coordinate their metabolism to meet these requirements is largely unexplored. Here we show that even in the heterogeneity of metabolic regulation a distinct signature encompassed most cancers. On the other hand, clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) strongly deviated in terms of metabolic gene expression changes, showing widespread down-regulation. We observed a metabolic shift that associates differential regulation of enzymes in one-carbon metabolism with high tumor stage and poor clinical outcome. A significant yet limited set of metabolic genes that explained the partial divergence of ccRCC metabolism correlated with loss of von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor (VHL) and a potential activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 1. Further network-dependent analyses revealed unique defects in nucleotide, one-carbon, and glycerophospholipid metabolism at the transcript and protein level, which contrasts findings in other tumors. Notably, this behavior is recapitulated by recurrent loss of heterozygosity in multiple metabolic genes adjacent to VHL. This study therefore shows how loss of heterozygosity, hallmarked by VHL deletion in ccRCC, may uniquely shape tumor metabolism.
Possible isotope effect on the resonance peak formation in high-T c cuprates

Within effective $t\ensuremath{-}J$ Hamiltonian we analyze the influence of electronic correlations and electron-phonon interaction on the dynamical spin susceptibility in layered cuprates. We find an isotope effect on the resonance peak in the magnetic spin susceptibility $\mathrm{Im}\mathrm{}\ensuremath{\chi}(\mathbf{q},\ensuremath{\omega}),$ seen by inelastic neutron scattering. It results from both the electron-phonon coupling and the electronic correlation effects taken into account beyond random-phase approximation scheme. We find at optimal doping the isotope coefficient ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}_{\mathrm{res}}\ensuremath{\approx}0.4$ which can be further tested experimentally.
Cancer of the Penis

Cancer of the penis is infrequent in the United States because of good genital hygiene and circumcision of male babies at birth. In other countries, it represents 11–12% of all cancer in males. Tumors of the penis consist mainly of squamous cell carcinoma. Mesenchymal tumors are rare. The treatment is based on the surgical excision of the penis (partial or total) with or without regional lymphadenectomy. Radiotherapy alone or in conjunction with surgery is also used. Chemotherapy with bleomycin and/or methotrexate has been effective in advanced disease. The prognosis is directly related to the stage of the tumor at the time of the treatment. Patients without lymphatic metastases remain alive and free of disease at ten years of follow‐up. Meanwhile, patients with microscopic lymphatic spread, survive an average of 2.5 years (Roswell Park Memorial Institute). These data emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and treatment to achieve long survival.
Caerulein-induced NF-κB/Rel activation requires both Ca2+ and protein kinase C as messengers.

The eukaryotic transcription factor NF-κB/Rel is activated by a large variety of stimuli. We have recently shown that NF-κB/Rel is induced during the course of caerulein pancreatitis. Here, we show that activation of NF-κB/Rel by caerulein, a CCK analog, requires increasing intracellular Ca2+ levels and protein kinase C activation. Caerulein induces a dose-dependent increase of nuclear NF-κB/Rel binding activity in pancreatic lobules, which is paralleled by degradation of IκBα. IκBβ was only slightly affected by caerulein treatment. Consistent with an involvement of Ca2+, the endoplasmic reticulum-resident Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor thapsigargin activated NF-κB/Rel in pancreatic lobules. The intracellular Ca2+ chelator TMB-8 prevented IκBα degradation and subsequent nuclear translocation of NF-κB/Rel induced by caerulein. BAPTA-AM was less effective. Cyclosporin A, a Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase (PP2B) inhibitor, decreased caerulein-induced NF-κB/Rel activation and IκBα degradation. The inhibitory effect of bisindolylmaleimide suggests that protein kinase C activity is also required for caerulein-induced NF-κB/Rel activation. These data suggest that Ca2+- as well as protein kinase C-dependent mechanisms are required for caerulein-induced NF-κB/Rel activation.
Predictors of weight gain in a Mediterranean cohort: the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra Study 1.

BACKGROUND High consumption of sugar-sweetened drinks has been associated with weight gain and obesity in the United States. This trend may also be affecting populations with different eating patterns who increasingly are adopting typical US dietary patterns. OBJECTIVE We assessed whether the consumption of sweetened drinks and other food items increased the likelihood of weight gain in a Mediterranean population. DESIGN This was a prospective cohort analysis of 7194 men and women with a mean age of 41 y who were followed-up for a median of 28.5 mo with mailed questionnaires. Dietary exposure was assessed with a previously validated semiquantitative food-frequency questionnaire. RESULTS During follow-up, we observed that 49.5% of the participants increased their weight (x weight gain: 0.64 kg; 95% CI: 0.55, 0.73 kg). In the participants who had gained > or =3 kg in the 5 y before baseline, the adjusted odds ratio of subsequent weight gain for the fifth quintile compared with the first quintile of sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption was 1.6 (95% CI: 1.2, 2.1; P for trend = 0.02). This association was absent in the participants who had not gained weight in the 5-y period before baseline. The consumption of hamburgers, pizza, and sausages (as a proxy for fast-food consumption) was also independently associated with weight gain (adjusted odds ratio for the fifth compared with the first quintile = 1.2; 95% CI: 1.0, 1.4; P for trend = 0.05). We also found a significant, but weaker, association between weight gain and both red meat and sweetened fruit juice consumption. CONCLUSION In a Mediterranean cohort, particularly in the participants who had already gained weight, an increased consumption of sugar-sweetened soft drinks and of hamburgers, pizza, and sausages was associated with a higher risk of additional subsequent weight gain.
How accurate replicates the Thermafil System the morphology of the apical endodontic space? An ex vivo study.

AIM To evaluate the morphology of the root canal in its apical third and the capacity of the Thermafil System to reproduce the entire morphology of the cleaned and shaped root canal. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty-two roots of periodontally compromised teeth were prepared using the ProTaper System to an apical size 30 and filled with the Thermafil obturation technique and sealer. The roots were surgically amputated and prepared for metallographic evaluation by incremental reductions of 0.5 mm each, starting with the apical foramen. Photomicrographs of each section were taken at a magnification of 500x and 100x. The images were analyzed and processed. The position of the apical foramen with respect to the anatomical apex was identified and marked. Additional morphological details as lateral canals and recesses were also recorded. The cross-sectioned area of the canal and gutta-percha, the total perimeter, the shaped perimeter and the filled perimeter were recorded for each sample and the results were expressed as percentages. Multiple images of successive sections were used to create a 3D reconstruction of the apical anatomy of the tooth. The ANOVA test was performed to assess mean differences between evaluations of perimeters/areas at different levels. RESULTS The anatomical apical foramen was found at the tip of the root in 50% of the evaluated samples. In the remaining samples, the foramen was located between 0.5 and 2.5 mm from the centre of the apex. Lateral canals, which opened in accessory foramens, were recorded in 25% of the evaluated samples. Statistical significant differences (p<0.05) were found between different levels of preparation and obturation. CONCLUSIONS The complex morphology of the apical third of the root canal is satisfactory microstructurally replicated by the Thermafil System. Moreover, polarized light microscopy and the 3D reconstruction offered a discriminative vision of morphological details as lateral canals, recesses, the gutta-percha and debris.
Folic acid deficiency secondary to iron deficiency in man. Remission with iron therapy and a diet low in folic acid.

T HE requirement of dietary folic acid for normal, healthy adults has not yet been fully established. However, in recent years various investigators have placed the requirement somewhere in the range of 10 to 50 jsg. per day. ’’ This requirement range was established in part from the treatment of megaloblastic dysplasia in patients who had protein malnutrition’ or various types of malabsorption syndromes,’ and hence might be considered high. Recently, Herbert placed himself on a diet
Selenium and coronary heart disease: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND It is hypothesized that low selenium concentrations are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and that selenium supplements prevent coronary heart disease. OBJECTIVE The objective was to perform a meta-analysis on the association of selenium biomarkers with coronary heart disease endpoints in observational studies and on the efficacy of selenium supplements in preventing coronary heart disease endpoints in randomized trials. DESIGN The MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies conducted from 1966 through 2005. Relative risks were pooled by using an inverse-variance weighted random-effects model. RESULTS Twenty-five observational studies (14 cohort and 11 case-control studies) that measured blood or toenail selenium concentrations and 6 randomized trials that evaluated supplements containing selenium met our inclusion criteria. The pooled relative risk in a comparison of the highest with the lowest selenium concentration categories was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.74, 0.99) in cohort studies and 0.43 (0.29, 0.66) in case-control studies. In observational studies, a 50% increase in selenium concentrations was associated with a 24% (7%, 38%) reduction in coronary heart disease risk. In randomized trials, the pooled relative risk in a comparison of supplements containing selenium with placebo was 0.89 (0.68, 1.17). CONCLUSIONS Selenium concentrations were inversely associated with coronary heart disease risk in observational studies. Because observational studies have provided misleading evidence for other antioxidants, the validity of this association is uncertain. Few randomized trials have addressed the cardiovascular efficacy of selenium supplementation, and their findings are still inconclusive. Evidence from large ongoing trials is needed to establish low selenium concentrations as a cardiovascular disease risk factor. Currently, selenium supplements should not be recommended for cardiovascular disease prevention.
Couples coping with sensory loss: A dyadic study of the roles of self‐ and perceived partner acceptance

OBJECTIVES Hearing-, vision-, and dual-sensory loss have been linked to relational and psychological distress among adults with sensory loss (AWSLs) and their spouses. Regardless, research on factors associated with couples' adjustment is lacking. This study examined the stability and strength of associations between self-acceptance of sensory loss, perceived partner acceptance of sensory loss, and relationship satisfaction and psychological distress among AWSLs and their spouses over time. DESIGN A total of 122 AWSLs and their spouses completed an online survey at two time points over a 6-month period. METHODS A multigroup (i.e., time 1 and time 2) actor-partner interdependence model assessed the stability and strength of actor and partner effects of self-acceptance and perceived partner acceptance on each partner's relationship satisfaction and psychological distress over time. RESULTS No moderation by time was identified, indicating stability in associations over the 6-month period. Overall, both actor and partner effects were evident. Specifically, self-acceptance among AWSLs was inversely associated with own psychological distress and the relationship satisfaction of spouses. Self-acceptance by spouses was inversely associated with the psychological distress of AWSLs and spouses. Perception of spouse acceptance by AWSLs was positively associated with own and spouse relationship satisfaction. CONCLUSIONS Interventions targeting acceptance that incorporate a family systems perspective may be beneficial in alleviating psychological and relational distress among couples coping with sensory loss. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? The experience of hearing and/or vision loss has been linked to heightened distress both psychologically and within intimate relationships. Prior research has demonstrated a link between an individual's ability to accept their sensory loss and healthier well-being. What does this study add? This is the first dyadic study of sensory loss acceptance and its link to relationship satisfaction and distress. Acceptance operates interpersonally protecting against distress for those with sensory loss and their spouses. Perceiving that one's spouse accepts the sensory loss is important for both partner's relationship satisfaction.
Serum leptin concentrations and body adipose measures in older black and white adults.

BACKGROUND Among US adults, serum leptin concentrations are higher in women than in men and are higher in blacks than in whites independent of anthropometric measures of body fatness. OBJECTIVE Using radiographic measures of body fat, we determined the best correlates of leptin and whether adiposity can explain sex and race differences in leptin concentrations in older adults. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional analysis of fasting serum leptin concentrations and body fat measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), abdominal computed tomography, and standard anthropometry in 3026 well-functioning 70-79-y-old participants (42% black, 51% women) of the Health, Aging, and Body Composition Study. RESULTS Geometric mean (+/-SE) leptin concentrations (ng/mL) were higher in the women than in the men (16.5 +/- 0.3 and 5.7 +/- 0.1, respectively) and in the black women than in the white women (20.2 +/- 0.6 and 13.9 +/- 0.4, respectively), but did not differ significantly between the white and black men (5.8 +/- 0.2 and 5.5 +/- 0.2, respectively). Percentage fat estimated from DXA showed the highest correlation with leptin (R(2) = 0.56 for both sexes). Addition of abdominal visceral fat minimally increased the correlation. In the multivariate analysis, the association with sex was eliminated after adjustment for percentage fat and visceral fat in both whites (P = 0.051) and blacks (P = 0.34). Among women, higher leptin concentrations in blacks remained after adjustment for percentage fat and visceral fat (mean race difference = 4.95 ng/mL; P < 0.001). Among men, an association with black race emerged after adjustment for these factors (mean race difference = 1.42 ng/mL; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Among older adults, higher serum leptin concentrations in women are explained by a greater percentage of body fat. Higher leptin concentrations in blacks are not explained by percentage of body fat.
Assessing the Accuracy of Automatically Extracted Shorelines on Microtidal Beaches from Landsat 7, Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 Imagery

This paper evaluates the accuracy of shoreline positions obtained from the infrared (IR) bands of Landsat 7, Landsat 8, and Sentinel-2 imagery on natural beaches. A workflow for sub-pixel shoreline extraction, already tested on seawalls, is used. The present work analyzes the behavior of that workflow and resultant shorelines on a micro-tidal (<20 cm) sandy beach and makes a comparison with other more accurate sets of shorelines. These other sets were obtained using differential GNSS surveys and terrestrial photogrammetry techniques through the C-Pro monitoring system. 21 sub-pixel shorelines and their respective high-precision lines served for the evaluation. The results prove that NIR bands can easily confuse the shoreline with whitewater, whereas SWIR bands are more reliable in this respect. Moreover, it verifies that shorelines obtained from bands 11 and 12 of Sentinel-2 are very similar to those obtained with bands 6 and 7 of Landsat 8 (−0.75 ± 2.5 m; negative sign indicates landward bias). The variability of the brightness in the terrestrial zone influences shoreline detection: brighter zones cause a small landward bias. A relation between the swell and shoreline accuracy is found, mainly identified in images obtained from Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2. On natural beaches, the mean shoreline error varies with the type of image used. After analyzing the whole set of shorelines detected from Landsat 7, we conclude that the mean horizontal error is 4.63 m (±6.55 m) and 5.50 m (±4.86 m), respectively, for high and low gain images. For the Landsat 8 and Sentinel-2 shorelines, the mean error reaches 3.06 m (±5.79 m).
Biochemical and Molecular Actions of Nutrients Dietary Olive Oil Supplemented with Fish Oil , Rich in EPA and DHA ( n-3 ) Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids , Attenuates Colonic Inflammation in Rats with DSS-Induced Colitis 1

Previous studies proposed a protective role of the dietary intake of (n-3) PUFA in human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but almost no studies have been performed using olive oil. The aims of the present study were to test the beneficial effects of an olive oil–based diet with or without fish oil, rich in (n-3) PUFA, in the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) model of rat colitis and to elucidate the mechanisms involved in their potential beneficial effects, with special attention to the production of some of the mediators involved in the intestinal inflammatory response, such as leukotriene B4 (LTB4), tumor necrosis factor (TNF ) and nitric oxide (NO). Rats were fed the different diets for 2 wk before colitis induction and thereafter until colonic evaluation 15 d later. Colitic rats fed the olive oil–based diet had a lower colonic inflammatory response than those fed the soybean oil diet, and this beneficial effect was increased by the dietary incorporation of (n-3) PUFA. A restoration of colonic glutathione levels and lower colonic NO synthase expression occurred in all colitic rats fed an olive oil diet compared with the control colitic group that consumed the soybean oil diet. However, (n-3) PUFA incorporation into an olive oil diet significantly decreased colonic TNF and LTB4 levels compared with colitic rats that were not supplemented with fish oil. These results affirm the benefits of an olive oil diet in the management of IBD, which are further enhanced by the addition of (n-3) PUFA. J. Nutr. 135: 687–694, 2005.
Effects of Grounding (Earthing) on Massage Therapists: An Exploratory Study

It is well known that massage therapists often develop a number of health problems relatively early on in their career. A preliminary study showed that grounding massage therapists during their work may alleviate some of the health problems they encounter. A doubled-blind randomized controlled trial was designed to examine the effects of working and sleeping grounded for 4 weeks on massage therapists’ blood viscosity, stress (through HRV), inflammation (IFN-γ, IL-6, TNF-α, and hsCRP) and oxidative stress (MPO and MDA) biomarkers. The results show stress reduction as measured by heart rate, respir-atory rate and hear rate variability (HRV) and a lowering effect on blood viscosity that lasted for at least one week after ungrounding, with systolic blood viscosity becoming significantly lower at the end of the study. Inflammation markers (IFN-γ, TNF-α, and hsCRP) increased rapidly, within one week, after ungrounding. The findings suggest that grounding is beneficial for massage therapists in multiple domains relevant to health and wellbeing.
A Comparison of the neural correlates that underlie rule‐based and information‐integration category learning

The influential competition between verbal and implicit systems (COVIS) model proposes that category learning is driven by two competing neural systems—an explicit, verbal, system, and a procedural‐based, implicit, system. In the current fMRI study, participants learned either a conjunctive, rule‐based (RB), category structure that is believed to engage the explicit system, or an information‐integration category structure that is thought to preferentially recruit the implicit system. The RB and information‐integration category structures were matched for participant error rate, the number of relevant stimulus dimensions, and category separation. Under these conditions, considerable overlap in brain activation, including the prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, and the hippocampus, was found between the RB and information‐integration category structures. Contrary to the predictions of COVIS, the medial temporal lobes and in particular the hippocampus, key regions for explicit memory, were found to be more active in the information‐integration condition than in the RB condition. No regions were more activated in RB than information‐integration category learning. The implications of these results for theories of category learning are discussed. Hum Brain Mapp 37:3557–3574, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Making a 
 NARCO: Childhood Exposure to Illegal Labor Markets and Criminal Life Paths

This paper provides evidence that exposure to illegal labor markets during childhood leads to the formation of industry‐specific human capital at an early age, putting children on a criminal life path. Using the timing of U.S. antidrug policies, I show that when the return to illegal activities increases in coca suitable areas in Peru, parents increase the use of child labor for coca farming, putting children on a criminal life path. Using administrative records, I show that affected children are about 30% more likely to be incarcerated for violent and drug‐related crimes as adults. No effect in criminality is found for individuals that grow up working in places where the coca produced goes primarily to the legal sector, suggesting that it is the accumulation of human capital specific to the illegal industry that fosters criminal careers. However, the rollout of a conditional cash transfer program that encourages schooling mitigates the effects of exposure to illegal industries, providing further evidence on the mechanisms.