Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Role of JNK-dependent serine phosphorylation of paxillin in migration of corneal epithelial cells during wound closure.

PURPOSE Migration of corneal epithelial cells plays an important role in healing of corneal epithelial wounds. The role of c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK), a member of the family of mitogen-activated protein kinases, in the intracellular signaling responsible for the migration of corneal epithelial cells during wound closure was examined. METHODS Scratch wounds were introduced into cultured monolayers of simian virus 40-transformed human corneal epithelial (HCE) cells in the absence or presence of the JNK inhibitor SP600125. The phosphorylation and localization of JNK and paxillin during wound closure were examined by immunoblot and immunofluorescence analyses. The effects of a small interfering RNA (siRNA) specific for JNK and of a mutant form of paxillin on HCE cell migration were determined by transfection. RESULTS SP600125 inhibited wound healing in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. Immunoblot analysis showed that wounding increased the phosphorylation of JNK and of paxillin on serine (Ser) 178 in a manner sensitive to SP600125. Immunofluorescence staining revealed that phosphorylated JNK colocalized with paxillin at focal adhesions formed by HCE cells at the wound margin and that SP600125 inhibited the formation of such adhesions. Expression of JNK siRNA or of a paxillin mutant in which Ser178 is replaced by alanine inhibited HCE cell migration during wound closure. CONCLUSIONS JNK regulates HCE cell migration by modulating the phosphorylation of paxillin and the consequent formation of focal adhesions. A JNK-paxillin signaling pathway may thus play an important role in corneal epithelial wound healing in vivo.
Integrative Activity of the Brain

charges were for neuropsychiatric disorders. It was impossible for such a situation not to come to the attention of command. The response is amply documented in the present volume. Neuropsychiatry in World War II deals with the frustrations, failures, and successes of the administrative and professional personnel in negotiating the Scylla and Charybdis between organizational responsibility and respect for the individual. In a setting where necessity often dictated policy, where policy was not always consistent but quick to change, and where the decision-making apparatus was, at best, cumbersome with little congruence between expertise and power, this was no mean task. It is a credit to the inventiveness and persistence of the people involved that some 25 years later it is possible to write not only of the lessons learned, but also of the changes resulting from these lessons. Nor should the lessons be regarded as unimportant, for they include the conceptual foundations of many current psychiatric practices, particularly in the spheres of milieu therapy and community psychiatry. The book, however, is not primarily concerned with clinical issues. It is, foremost a historical account of the processes that defined policy and thereby determined the clinical workload of the psychiatrist. While there is statistical data on the prevalence and incidence of neuropsychiatric disorders, and theoretical material, particularly in reference to the issues of secondary gain and the relationship between predisposition and stress, the vast majority of the sections on psychiatry in practice discuss the elaboration of the organization of services and the recruitment and training of core personnel. If the reader's interest is in the relationship between policy formation, organizational structure, and program development, Neuropsychiatry in World War II is to be recommended. The reader should be forewarned, however, that the book itself suffers from certain organizational deficits related to the multiplicity of authors and manifest by a degree of repetitiousness and redundancy.
Physician gender effects in medical communication: a meta-analytic review.

CONTEXT Physician gender has been viewed as a possible source of variation in the interpersonal aspects of medical practice, with speculation that female physicians facilitate more open and equal exchange and a different therapeutic milieu from that of male physicians. However, studies in this area are generally based on small samples, with conflicting results. OBJECTIVE To systematically review and quantify the effect of physician gender on communication during medical visits. DATA SOURCES Online database searches of English-language abstracts for the years 1967 to 2001 (MEDLINE, AIDSLINE, PsycINFO, and Bioethics); a hand search was conducted of reprint files and the reference sections of review articles and other publications. STUDY SELECTION Studies using a communication data source, such as audiotape, videotape, or direct observation, and large national or regional studies in which physician report was used to establish length of visit, were identified through bibliographic and computerized searches. Twenty-three observational studies and 3 large physician-report studies reported in 29 publications met inclusion criteria and were rated. DATA EXTRACTION The Cohen d was computed based on 2 reviewers' (J.A.H. and Y.A.) independent extraction of quantitative information from the publications. Study heterogeneity was tested using Q statistics and pooled effect sizes were computed using the appropriate effects model. The characteristics of the study populations were also extracted. DATA SYNTHESIS Female physicians engage in significantly more active partnership behaviors, positive talk, psychosocial counseling, psychosocial question asking, and emotionally focused talk. There were no gender differences evident in the amount, quality, or manner of biomedical information giving or social conversation. Medical visits with female physicians are, on average, 2 minutes (10%) longer than those with male physicians. Obstetrics and gynecology may present a different pattern than that of primary care, with male physicians demonstrating higher levels of emotionally focused talk than their female colleagues. CONCLUSIONS Female primary care physicians engage in more communication that can be considered patient centered and have longer visits than their male colleagues. Limited studies exist outside of primary care, and gender-related practice patterns in some subspecialties may differ from those evident in primary care.
The changing landscape of pulmonary arterial hypertension and implications for patient care

Registries have provided a wealth of information on the clinical and disease characteristics of patients living with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) since the 1980s. Certain PAH demographics, such as the prevalence of various PAH subgroups and preponderance of female patients, appear to have remained stable over time. Contemporary registry data indicate that the average age of patients diagnosed with PAH has increased, at least in the Western world. Older patients with PAH are more likely to be diagnosed with a more advanced stage of the disease, have lower exercise capacity and present with multiple comorbidities. They also have worse survival compared with younger patients. Within the PAH population, there is also a subset of patients with a lower diffusing capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide who are generally older and display more severe disease characteristics. This review discusses the implications that the increased age of the PAH population at diagnosis has on the treatment and management of the disease, as well as the need for earlier and improved diagnosis in these patients.
Generalized rank weights : a duality statement

We consider linear codes over some fixed finite field extension over an arbitrary finite field. Gabidulin introduced rank metric codes, by endowing linear codes over the extension field with a rank weight over the base field and studied their basic properties in analogy with linear codes and the classical Hamming distance. Inspired by the characterization of wiretap II codes in terms of generalized Hamming weights by Wei, Kurihara et al. defined some generalized rank weights and showed their relevance for secure network coding. In this paper, we derive a statement for generalized rank weights of the dual code, completely analogous to Wei's one for generalized Hamming weights and we characterize the equality case of the r-generalized Singleton bound for the generalized rank weights, in terms of the rank weight of the dual code.
The Paradox of Music-Evoked Sadness: An Online Survey

This study explores listeners’ experience of music-evoked sadness. Sadness is typically assumed to be undesirable and is therefore usually avoided in everyday life. Yet the question remains: Why do people seek and appreciate sadness in music? We present findings from an online survey with both Western and Eastern participants (N = 772). The survey investigates the rewarding aspects of music-evoked sadness, as well as the relative contribution of listener characteristics and situational factors to the appreciation of sad music. The survey also examines the different principles through which sadness is evoked by music, and their interaction with personality traits. Results show 4 different rewards of music-evoked sadness: reward of imagination, emotion regulation, empathy, and no “real-life” implications. Moreover, appreciation of sad music follows a mood-congruent fashion and is greater among individuals with high empathy and low emotional stability. Surprisingly, nostalgia rather than sadness is the most frequent emotion evoked by sad music. Correspondingly, memory was rated as the most important principle through which sadness is evoked. Finally, the trait empathy contributes to the evocation of sadness via contagion, appraisal, and by engaging social functions. The present findings indicate that emotional responses to sad music are multifaceted, are modulated by empathy, and are linked with a multidimensional experience of pleasure. These results were corroborated by a follow-up survey on happy music, which indicated differences between the emotional experiences resulting from listening to sad versus happy music. This is the first comprehensive survey of music-evoked sadness, revealing that listening to sad music can lead to beneficial emotional effects such as regulation of negative emotion and mood as well as consolation. Such beneficial emotional effects constitute the prime motivations for engaging with sad music in everyday life.
Knowledge Sharing Through Computer Mediated Social Ties

Understanding social interactions and knowledge sharing behavior in the organizational context is important as an organization’s success is increasingly dependent on how efficiently and effectively knowledge workers share information with others. Knowledge workers are increasingly interacting via computer and communication technologies. In this research we integrate theories of computer mediated communication with theories and prior mixed findings about the strength of social ties and knowledge sharing to theorize about the effects of computer-mediated communication (CMC) on social ties and ultimately on knowledge sharing between individuals in firms. Specifically we theorize about the ability of CMC to a) support diverse social ties, and b) facilitate frequency-based strong social ties that hold strong trust – both supporting knowledge sharing. In a social network survey of 70% of employees in an innovation driven organization located in China, our analysis confirms our theorizing and offers contributions to IS and organizational researchers as well as practitioners.
RAGE Signaling in Cell Adhesion and Inflammation

The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) has been shown to play an important role in aging, neurodegeneration, diabetes, and inflammation. RAGE is a transmembrane receptor of the immunoglobuline superfamily, which recognizes a variety of ligands such as AGEs (advanced glycation endproducts), members of the S100/calgranulin family of proinflammatory mediators, ß-sheet-fibrills, HMGB1 (amphoterin) and the 2-integrin Mac-1. RAGE/ligand interactions induce oxidative stress and lead to an up-regulation of pro-inflammatory pathways involving the proinflammatory transcription factor NFB, increased expression of cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. These effects markedly propagate cellular dysfunction and cause perturbation in a diverse group of diseases, such as agerelated neurodegenerative disorders, atherosclerosis, diabetic vascular complications, tumors, and chronic inflammatory disease. In addition, RAGE may also interfere with differentiation processes, which are required during organ development. In this article, we have reviewed recent advances on RAGE and RAGE/ligand function in cell adhesion and inflammation based on findings from cell cultures, animal models, and human diseases. The potential for targeting the RAGE/ligand pathway as therapeutic strategy will be discussed.
Competition and Innovation: Pushing Productivity Up or Down?

This paper examines the relationship between competition, innovation and productivity for the Netherlands. We use industry level data aggregated from micro data as well as moments from firm level data for the period 1996-2006. We match innovation data from Community Innovation Survey with accounting data to link innovative activities with performance at the industry level. We find strong evidence for a positive impact of competition on Total Factor Productivity (TFP) at the industry level. Competition directly increases TFP by reducing X-ineficiencies and removing inefficient forms from markets, but also through more innovation. Nonetheless, there exists an inverted U- curve between competition and innovation for the Netherlands, at least for manufacturing industries. Yet, our results indicate that a negative effect of competition on productivity through lower innovation expenditures arises only at very high levels of competition.
Diagnosis and Treatment of Atypical and Anaplastic Meningiomas: A Review

ATYPICAL AND ANAPLASTIC meningiomas are uncommon tumors with a poorer prognosis than benign meningiomas. We reviewed the current literature and attempted to integrate and summarize available information to determine a logical approach to these tumors. Both tumors are rare and are often integrated with benign meningiomas when treatments are evaluated. In addition, because there has not been one histopathological classification scheme for atypical and anaplastic meningiomas in the past, there are numerous inconsistencies in the literature. Malignant progression with accumulation of mutations in a benign meningioma can result in an atypical and/or anaplastic meningioma. Both tumors are difficult to manage and have high recurrence and poor survival rates. The extent of tumor resection and histological grade are the key determinants for recurrence. In addition, metastases are unusual, but they do occur. We also review the evidence available that has resulted in the current World Health Organization classification. Radiation therapy can be used as an adjunctive treatment after both total and subtotal resection. In addition, the role of stereotactic radiosurgery is increasing, along with a possible role for brachytherapy. There are no effective chemotherapeutic agents available. A treatment algorithm is suggested.
Exactly solvable model of avalanches dynamics for Barkhausen crackling noise

We review the present state of understanding of the Barkhausen effect in soft ferromagnetic materials. Barkhausen noise (BN) is generated by the discontinuous motion of magnetic domains as they interact with impurities and defects. BN is one of the many examples of crackling noise, arising in a variety of contexts with remarkably similar features, and occurring when a system responds in a jerky manner to a smooth external forcing. Among all crackling system, we focus on BN, where a complete and consistent picture emerges thanks to an exactly solvable model of avalanche dynamics, known as the ABBM model, which ultimately describes the system in terms of a Langevin equation for the velocity of the avalanche front. Despite its simplicity, the ABBM model is able to accurately reproduce the phenomenology observed in the experiments on a large class of magnetic materials, as long as universal properties are involved. To complete the picture and to understand the long-standing discrepancy between the ABBM theory and the experiments, which otherwise agree exceptionally well, consisting of the puzzling asymmetric shape of the noise pulses, microscopic details must be taken into account, namely the effects of eddy current retardation. These effects can be incorporated in the model, and result, to a first-order approximation, in a negative effective mass associated with the wall. The progress made in understanding BN is potentially relevant for other crackling systems: on the one hand, the ABBM model turns out to be a paradigmatic model for the universal behaviour of avalanche dynamics; on the other hand, the microscopic explanation of the asymmetry in the noise pulses suggests that inertial effects may also be at the origin of pulses asymmetry observed in other crackling systems.
Planning and Deploying Transit Signal Priority in Small and Medium-Sized Cities: Burlington, Vermont, Case Study

Innovations in traffic signal systems have generated a great deal of interest in the provision of preferential traffic signal strategies and treatments for transit buses and other vehicles at signalized intersections in cities of all sizes. The primary objective of this paper is three fold: 1) to synthesize the literature of the lessons learned associated with planning and deploying transit signal priority (TSP) strategies in small and medium-sized cities; 2) to demonstrate the application of a micro-simulation model, VISSIM, to assess transit priority impacts in small and medium-sized communities where the required VISSIM input data are often limited; and 3) to present guidelines to aid traffic engineers and transit planners who are considering TSP strategies in small and medium-sized cities. An underlying aim of this paper is to recognize the differences in transit priority planning and deployment in small and medium-sized cities as compared to major metropolitan areas.
Closed form of the steered elongated Hermite-Gauss wavelets

We provide a closed form, both in the spatial and in the frequency domain, of a family of wavelets which arise from steering elongated Hermite-Gauss filters. These wavelets have interesting mathematical properties, as they form new dyadic families of eigenfunctions of the 2D Fourier transform, and generalize the well known Laguerre-Gauss harmonics. A special notation introduced here greatly simplifies our proof and unifies the cases of even and odd orders. Applying these wavelets to edge detection increases the performance of about 12.5% with respect to standard methods, in terms of the Pratt's figure of merit, both for noisy and noise-free input images.
Educational heterogamy and father-to-son occupational mobility in 23 industrial nations: General societal openness or compensatory strategies of reproduction?

This article presents 41 educational heterogamy tables for 23 industrial nations after World War II. Countries differ in gross heterogamy rates and relative chances of heterogamy. Evidence is found in favour of a trend towards higher gross rates of heterogamy and towards more equal relative chances of heterogamy. Hypotheses on effects of economic and political factors are tested. The contribution these factors make to the explanation of relative heterogamy is smaller than found in studies on intergenerational mobility. Between countries more equal relative father-to-son occupational mobility chances go together with more equal relative chances of educational heterogamy. Within countries relative mobility chances are more equal than relative chances of heterogamy. All in all Lipset and Zetterberg's notion of general societal openness is confirmed, whereas Bourdieu's notion tblt mobilit~ d heterogamy are compensatory strategi~ · of reproduction is not upheld.
Hecke Operator and S-Duality of N=4 Super Yang-Mills for ADE Gauge Group on K3

We determine the partition functions of ${\cal N}=4$ super Yang-Mills gauge theory for some $ADE$ gauge groups on $K3$, under the assumption that they are holomorphic. Our partition functions satisfy the gap condition and Montonen-Olive duality at the same time, like the SU(N) partition functions of Vafa and Witten. As a result we find a close relation between Hecke operator and $S$-duality of ${\cal N}=4$ super Yang-Mills for $ADE$ gauge group on $K3$.
Antigenotoxicity and antimutagenicity of ethanolic extracts of Brazilian green propolis and its main botanical source determined by the Allium cepa test system

Abstract Brazilian green propolis is a resinous substance prepared by bees from parts of the plant Baccharis dracunculifolia. As it possess several biological properties, this work assessed the cytotoxic/anticytotoxic, genotoxic/antigenotoxic and mutagenic/antimutagenic potential of ethanolic extracts of Brazilian green propolis (EEGP) and of B. dracunculifolia (EEBD), by means of the Allium cepa test system. The effects were evaluated by assessing the chromosomal aberrations (CA) and micronuclei (MN) frequencies on meristematic and F1 generation cells from onion roots. Chemical analyses performed with the extracts showed differences in flavonoid quality and quantity. No genotoxic or mutagenic potential was detected, and both extracts were capable of inhibiting cellular damage caused by methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) treatment, reducing the frequencies of CA and MN. By these data, we can infer that, independent of their flavonoid content, the extracts presented a protective effect in A. cepa cells against the clastogenicity of MMS.
Radical Scavenging Activity of the Essential Oil of Silver Fir (Abies alba)

The essential oil of silver fir (Abies alba) is known to help respiratory system and have easing and soothing effect for muscle. In the present study, we investigated the chemical composition, cytotoxicity and its biological activities of silver fir (Abies alba) essential oil. The composition of the oil was analyzed by GC-MS and bornyl acetate (30.31%), camphene (19.81%), 3-carene (13.85%), tricyclene (12.90%), dl-limonene (7.50%), α-pinene (2.87%), caryophyllene (2.18%), β-phellandrene (2.13%), borneol (1.74%), bicyclo[2.2. 1]hept-2-ene,2,3-dimethyl (1.64%) and α-terpinene (1.24%) were the major components in the oil. The results tested by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay indicated that the oil showed no cytotoxic effect, at concentrations of 1 and 5%, for as long as 24 and 3 h, respectively. The antiradical capacity was evaluated by measuring the scavenging activity of the essential oil on the 2,20-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-bis 3-ethyl benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radicals. The oil was able to reduce the both radicals dose-dependently, and the concentration required for 50% reduction (RC50) against DPPH radicals (2.7 ± 0.63%) was lower than ABTS radicals (8.5 ± 0.27%). The antibacterial activity of the oil was also evaluated using disc diffusion method against Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus mutans, Listeria monocytogenes, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, and Vibrio parahaemolyticcus. The oil exhibited no antibacterial activity against all the bacterial strains tested except S. aureus of mild activity.