Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Advances in the drug therapies of acute myeloid leukemia (except acute wpromyelocytic leukemia)

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematologic malignancy, characterized by the clonal expansion of myeloid blasts in the peripheral blood, bone marrow, and/or other tissues. The new drugs used for treating AML are facing a big challenge, and the candidates include cytotoxic drugs, targeted small-molecule inhibitors, and monoclonal antibodies. In recent years, active research has focused on several new agents for including them in the large antileukemic drug family. This review aims to introduce some of these new drugs and highlights new advances made in the old drugs, mainly in the last 5 years.
Restoration of fertility in male rats exposed to lead by testosterone

Lead or lead together with testosterone was given t o adult rats in order to assess the protective effe ct of testosterone supplementation on lead-induced suppre ssed fertility in male rats. Male Wistar rats were xposed to lead acetate at dose level of 0.05 and 0.15 % for 5 5 days through drinking water and injected intraper itoneally with either testoviron depot at a dose of 4.16 mg/Kg body weig ht or vehicle alone on day 1, 7 and 14. To assess the fertility, control and experimental males were coha bited with sexually mature 100 day old females for 8 days. Significant decrease in mating index and fertility index were observed with an increase in conception time with male rats exposed to lead. Significant decrease was also ob erved in fertility rate, measured by counting l ve fetuses in the uterus of females mated with males exposed to lead. Preand postimplantation losses were increased significantly in females mated with lead exposed males. Testoster one supplementation restored the suppressed fertili ty in Pbexposed rats. These data demonstrate that fertiliza tion capacity of adult male rats exposed to lead de creased significantly and testosterone supplementation miti gated lead-induced suppressed male fertility.
Resources That Make You Generous: Effects of Social and Human Resources on Charitable Giving

In this study we examine whether and why human and social resources increase charitable giving. Using the Giving in The Netherlands Panel Study 2003, we find that people with more extended networks and higher education are more generous. However, these effects can be completely explained by financial resources, church attendance, requests for donations, and pro-social personality characteristics. People with more extended social networks are mainly more generous because they receive more solicitations for donations, and are more integrated in extended religious networks that promote charitable giving. The generosity of people with higher formal education can be explained by their larger financial resources, and stronger verbal abilities. Whereas the effect of education seems mainly causal, that of network extension appears largely spurious.
Novel Amphiphilic, Biodegradable, Biocompatible, Thermo-Responsive ABA Triblock Copolymers Based on PCL and PEG Analogues via a Combination of ROP and RAFT: Synthesis, Characterization, and Sustained Drug Release from Self-Assembled Micelles

Well-defined novel, linear, biodegradable, amphiphilic thermo-responsive ABA-type triblock copolymers, poly[2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethyl methacrylate-co-oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate]-b-poly(ε-caprolactone)-b-poly[2-(2-methoxyethoxy) ethyl methacrylate-co-oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate] [P(MEO2MA-co-OEGMA)-b-PCL-b-P(MEO2MA-co-OEGMA)] (tBPs), were synthesized via a combination of ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-caprolactone (εCL) and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) of MEO2MA and OEGMA comonomers. The chemical structures and compositions of these copolymers were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR). The molecular weights of the copolymers were obtained using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) measurements. Thermo-responsive micelles were obtained by self-assembly of copolymers in aqueous medium. The temperature sensitivity and micelllization behavior of amphiphilic triblock copolymers solutions were studied by transmittance, fluorescence probe, surface tension, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). A hydrophobic drug, anethole, was encapsulated in micelles by using the dialysis method. The average particle sizes of drug-loaded micelles were determined by dynamic light scattering measurement. In vitro, the sustained release of the anethole was performed in pH 7.4 phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at different temperatures. Results showed that the triblock copolymer’s micelles were quite effective in the encapsulation and controlled release of anethole. The vial inversion test demonstrated that the triblock copolymers could trigger the sol-gel transition which also depended on the temperature, and its sol-gel transition temperature gradually decreased with increasing concentration. The hydrogel system could also be used as a carrier of hydrophobic drugs in medicine.
Contribution of color signals to ocular following responses

Ocular following responses (OFRs) are elicited at ultra‐short latencies (< 60 ms) by sudden movements of the visual scene. In this study, we investigated the roles of color signals in OFRs in monkeys. To make physiologically isoluminant sinusoidal color gratings, we estimated the physiologically isoluminant points using OFRs and found that the physiologically isoluminant points were nearly independent of the spatiotemporal frequency of the gratings. We recorded OFRs induced by the motion of physiologically isoluminant color gratings and found that OFRs elicited by the motion of color gratings had different spatiotemporal frequency tuning from those elicited by the motion of luminance gratings. Additionally, OFRs to isoluminant color gratings had smaller peak responses, suggesting that color signals weakly contribute to OFRs compared with luminance signals. OFRs to the motion of stimuli composed of luminance and color signals were also examined. We found that color signals largely contributed to OFRs under low luminance signals regardless of whether color signals moved in the same or opposite direction to luminance signals. These results provide evidence of the multichannel visual computations underlying motor responses. We conclude that, in everyday situations, color information contributes cooperatively with luminance information to the generation of ocular tracking behaviors.
A Study of Continuous Usage Behavior for Online Stock Trading - Domestic Brokers of Securities Industry as Examples

Under the considerations of trading costs and efficiency, more and more investors choose the way of online stock trading which is fast, convenient, and has preferential fee. The cost of establishing a new customer is five times more than maintaining an old one. As a result, to explore the investors choose continuous usage behavior of online security trading system as reference for security industry to promote and improve relevant business in the future. The model of this study is developed by combining DeLone and McLean's Information System Success Model (D&M IS Success Model) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The variable of "Habit" was collected from "Focus Group" to develop research model. This research consists of 340 valid samples who using domestic opened and operative ones of security e-trade accounts. Then we apply "Structural Equation Modeling" to analyze the data and test hypothesis. Depending on the analysis of real evidences, this study have four conclusions: 1. In overall model, according to exogenous variables, "Habit" is the most effective to "Continuous Usage Behavior" of online stock trading, and followed by "System Quality". It reveals that "Habit" have greatly influence on "Continuous Usage Behavior". 2. In three quality contents, "System Quality" is the most important factor affecting "Continuous Usage Behavior", it is also the only significant factor affecting "Perceived usefulness" and "User Satisfaction", it shows "System Quality" is the major requirement of continued users. 4. We demonstrate that not only "User Satisfaction" positively affects "Using Intention" and further affects "Continuous Usage Behavior" in this study, but also the most important discovery is "Habit" positive affects "Using Intention" and further affects "Continuous Usage Behavior".
Benefit-cost in the California treatment outcome project: does substance abuse treatment "pay for itself"?

OBJECTIVE To examine costs and monetary benefits associated with substance abuse treatment. DATA SOURCES Primary and administrative data on client outcomes and agency costs from 43 substance abuse treatment providers in 13 counties in California during 2000-2001. STUDY DESIGN Using a social planner perspective, the estimated direct cost of treatment was compared with the associated monetary benefits, including the client's costs of medical care, mental health services, criminal activity, earnings, and (from the government's perspective) transfer program payments. The cost of the client's substance abuse treatment episode was estimated by multiplying the number of days that the client spent in each treatment modality by the estimated average per diem cost of that modality. Monetary benefits associated with treatment were estimated using a pre-posttreatment admission study design, i.e., each client served as his or her own control. DATA COLLECTION Treatment cost data were collected from providers using the Drug Abuse Treatment Cost Analysis Program instrument. For the main sample of 2,567 clients, information on medical hospitalizations, emergency room visits, earnings, and transfer payments was obtained from baseline and 9-month follow-up interviews, and linked to information on inpatient and outpatient mental health services use and criminal activity from administrative databases. Sensitivity analyses examined administrative data outcomes for a larger cohort (N=6,545) and longer time period (1 year). PRINCIPAL FINDINGS On average, substance abuse treatment costs $1,583 and is associated with a monetary benefit to society of $11,487, representing a greater than 7:1 ratio of benefits to costs. These benefits were primarily because of reduced costs of crime and increased employment earnings. CONCLUSIONS Even without considering the direct value to clients of improved health and quality of life, allocating taxpayer dollars to substance abuse treatment may be a wise investment.
Privacy and Recovery in Composite Web Service Transactions

Today’s numerous online transactions are implemented as composite web services in various domains including business, healthcare, government and education. This paper addresses privacy and recovery issues in composite web service transactions. In particular, we propose an intelligent semiautomated privacy-aware approach to efficiently building an appropriate composite web service along with a recovery mechanism to provide protection against privacy and service execution failures in the transactions. Our proposed approach aims to satisfy service I/O requirements using a minimum number of services with minimal information leakage and maximal compliance with a customer’s privacy preferences and trust (in service providers when available). The paper describes details of the proposed approach and illustrates its use that exploits generic knowledge about types and sensitivity levels of information, together with specific knowledge about customer privacy preferences and trusts on certain providers. By using privacy-aware contingency and various types of compensation, the recovery mechanism provides potentials to maximize forward recovery from failed transaction services.
Glomerular filtration decrease after diagnostic cardiac catheterisation in children with congenital cardiac malformation – the role of serum creatinine, cystatin C, neutrophil gelatinase and urine output monitoring

Introduction Diagnosis of contrast induced-nephropathy (CIN) by a classic renal biomarker such as creatinine concentration can be delayed because of various factors that can influence this marker. Changes in new biomarkers such as neutrophil-gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) and cystatin C are postulated to be more sensitive for recognizing patients prone to CIN-acute kidney injury (AKI). Aim To investigate the role of NGAL and cystatin C as early biomarkers in the diagnosis of kidney injury after cardiac catheterisation. Material and methods The study group consisted of 50 patients with congenital heart malformation admitted for scheduled cardiac catheterisation. The biomarkers serum creatinine, serum NGAL and serum cystatin C were tested at 5 time-points sequentially from start to 48 h after the procedure. Results Significant changes were noted during the research in the serum creatinine concentration (p < 0.001) and serum NGAL concentration (p < 0.001). CIN-AKI, diagnosed by the modified Schwartz formula, occurred in 16 (32%) patients after 24 h and in 8 (16%) after 48 h. Subsequent analysis showed that serum creatinine significantly rose in the first 2 h of the study with simultaneous reduction in the eGFR. Maximum growth in serum NGAL occurred at 6 h after contrast administration and then returned to the baseline values at 24 h. Serum cystatin C level did not significantly change during the study. Conclusions We observed a transient decrease in eGFR and a rise of serum NGAL after 2 h but NGAL was most pronounced at 6 h after the procedure. The potential role of cystatin C as a biomarker of CIN-AKI was not proved.
Mothers’ insightfulness regarding their children’s inner world: associations with mothers’ history of sexual abuse and lack of resolution of the trauma

ABSTRACT The study examined the insightfulness of mothers who experienced Childhood Sexual Abuse (CSA). Based on attachment theory, we hypothesized that mothers who experienced CSA will be less insightful than those who did not experience CSA, and that state of mind with no marked signs of lack of resolution of the trauma can buffer against its negative effects. The insightfulness of 30 mothers who experienced CSA and 30 demographically matched mothers but with no CSA was assessed using the Insightfulness Assessment. Mothers’ lack of resolution of the trauma was assessed using the Adult Attachment Interview. In addition, maternal psychopathology was assessed using the Brief Symptom Inventory. As hypothesized, mothers who experienced CSA were less insightful than mothers who did not experience CSA. In addition, mothers who experienced CSA but who were not unresolved were more insightful than those who were unresolved, and no different than mothers who did not experience CSA. These results expand our understanding regarding the risk embedded in parenting in light of unresolved traumatic past and the importance of resolution as a buffer.
Effect of Chronic Oxidative Stress on Neuroinflammatory Response Mediated by CD4+T Cells in Neurodegenerative Diseases

In a state of oxidative stress, there is an increase of reactive species, which induce an altered intracellular signaling, leading to dysregulation of the inflammatory response. The inability of the antioxidant defense systems to modulate the proinflammatory response is key to the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this work is to review the effect of the state of oxidative stress on the loss of regulation of the inflammatory response on the microglia and astrocytes, the induction of different CD4+T cell populations in neuroinflammation, as well as its role in some neurodegenerative diseases. For this purpose, an intentional search of original articles, short communications, and reviews, was carried out in the following databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar. The articles reviewed included the period from 1997 to 2017. With the evidence obtained, we conclude that the loss of redox balance induces alterations in the differentiation and number of CD4+T cell subpopulations, leading to an increase in Th1 and Th17 response. This contributes to the development of neuroinflammation as well as loss of the regulation of the inflammatory response in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), and Multiple Sclerosis (MS). In contrast, regulatory T cells (Tregs) and Th2 modulate the inflammatory response of effect of T cells, microglia, and astrocytes. In this respect, it has been found that the mobilization of T cells with anti-inflammatory characteristics toward damaged regions of the CNS can provide neuroprotection and become a therapeutic strategy to control inflammatory processes in neurodegeneration.
Efficacy of Lens Protection Systems: Dependency on Different Cranial CT Scans in The Acute Stroke Setting

To evaluate the dose-reduction potential with different lens protectors for patients undergoing cranial computed tomography (CT) scans. Eye lens dose was assessed in vitro (α-Al2O3:C thermoluminescence dosemeters) using an Alderson-Rando phantom® in cranial CT protocols at different CT scanners (SOMATOM-Definition-AS+®(CT1) and SOMATOM-Definition-Flash® (CT2)) using two different lens-protection systems (Somatex® (SOM) and Medical Imaging Systems® (MIS)). Summarised percentage of the transmitted photons: (1) CT1 (a) unenhanced CT (nCT) with gantry angulation: SOM = 103%, MIS = 111%; (2) CT2 (a) nCT without gantry angulation: SOM = 81%, MIS = 91%; (b) CT angiography (CTA) with automatic dose-modulation technique: SOM = 39%, MIS = 74%; (c) CTA without dose-modulation technique: SOM = 22%, MIS = 48%; (d) CT perfusion: SOM = 44%, MIS = 69%. SOM showed a higher dose-reduction potential than MIS maintaining equal image quality. Lens-protection systems are most effective in CTA protocols without dose-reduction techniques. Lens-protection systems lower the average eye lens dose during CT scans up to 1/3 (MIS) and 2/3 (SOM), respectively, if the eye lens is exposed to the direct beam of radiation. Considering both the CT protocol and the material of lens protectors, they seem to be mandatory for reducing the radiation exposure of the eye lens.
Title : Cross-Site Reliability of Human Induced Pluripotent Stem-Cell Derived Cardiomyocyte Based Safety Assays using Microelectrode Arrays : Results from a Blinded CiPA Pilot Study Running Title : CiPA hSC-CM MEA Pilot Study

Affiliations: *Axion Biosystems, Inc, Atlanta, GA 30309 † US Food and Drug Administration, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, 20993, U.S.A. ‡ Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, New Jersey, 08543, U.S.A. § Acea Biosciences, San Diego, California 92121, U.S.A. ¶ Cyprotex, Watertown, Massachusetts, 01746, U.S.A. || Naturwissenschaftliches und Medizinisches Institut, Reutlingen, Germany lllMerck & Co., Inc., Safety & Exploratory Pharmacology Department, West Point, PA, U.S.A. llll Janssen, Beerse, Belgium # Sanofi R&D, Preclinical Safety, Paris, France ** Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California †† Ncardia, Leiden, The Netherlands 1 Cellular Dynamics International, a FujiFilm Company, Madison, WI 53508 2 Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA 3 ILSI-Health and Environmental Sciences Institute, Washington, D.C., 20009 4 Integrative Pharmacology (Dept ZR13), Integrated Science and Technology. AbbVie, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
The Effect of Flow Rate on Morphology and Deposition Area of Electrospun Nylon 6 Nanofiber

Electrospinning is a process that produces continuous polymer fibers with diameters of a nanometric scale. Nylon 6 in formic acid was electrospun to obtain the nanofibers. Fibers with different diameters were obtained using flow rates of 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mL/hr, 20 wt% solution concentration, with an applied voltage of 20 kV and 15 cm spinning distance. Flow rate influenced the fiber diameter distribution, droplet size and its initiating shape at the capillary tip, the trajectory of the jet, maintenance of Taylor cone, areal density and nanofiber morphology. The morphology of the electrospun nanofibers was analyzed by using the scanning electron microscope (SEM). The effect of flow rate on the deposition area was also investigated for better control of the process. It was observed that a stabilized Taylor cone, small average droplet size, narrowest fiber diameter distribution, more stability in the originating jet, and uniform morphology of nanofiber is obtained at a flow rate of 0.5 mL/hr.
Measures of health sciences journal use: a comparison of vendor, link-resolver, and local citation statistics.

OBJECTIVE Libraries require efficient and reliable methods to assess journal use. Vendors provide complete counts of articles retrieved from their platforms. However, if a journal is available on multiple platforms, several sets of statistics must be merged. Link-resolver reports merge data from all platforms into one report but only record partial use because users can access library subscriptions from other paths. Citation data are limited to publication use. Vendor, link-resolver, and local citation data were examined to determine correlation. Because link-resolver statistics are easy to obtain, the study library especially wanted to know if they correlate highly with the other measures. METHODS Vendor, link-resolver, and local citation statistics for the study institution were gathered for health sciences journals. Spearman rank-order correlation coefficients were calculated. RESULTS There was a high positive correlation between all three data sets, with vendor data commonly showing the highest use. However, a small percentage of titles showed anomalous results. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Link-resolver data correlate well with vendor and citation data, but due to anomalies, low link-resolver data would best be used to suggest titles for further evaluation using vendor data. Citation data may not be needed as it correlates highly with other measures.
Carvacrol and human health: A comprehensive review

Carvacrol (CV) is a phenolic monoterpenoid found in essential oils of oregano (Origanum vulgare), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), pepperwort (Lepidium flavum), wild bergamot (Citrus aurantium bergamia), and other plants. Carvacrol possesses a wide range of bioactivities putatively useful for clinical applications such antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Carvacrol antimicrobial activity is higher than that of other volatile compounds present in essential oils due to the presence of the free hydroxyl group, hydrophobicity, and the phenol moiety. The present review illustrates the state‐of‐the‐art studies on the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties of CV. It is particularly effective against food‐borne pathogens, including Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Bacillus cereus. Carvacrol has high antioxidant activity and has been successfully used, mainly associated with thymol, as dietary phytoadditive to improve animal antioxidant status. The anticancer properties of CV have been reported in preclinical models of breast, liver, and lung carcinomas, acting on proapoptotic processes. Besides the interesting properties of CV and the toxicological profile becoming definite, to date, human trials on CV are still lacking, and this largely impedes any conclusions of clinical relevance.