Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Coming Revenue Revolution in Sports

I. State of the Business of Sports . 671 II. Traditional Sources of Revenue. 673 A. National Football League (NFL) . 673 B. Major League Baseball (MLB). 676 C. National Basketball Association (NBA). 679 D. Other Revenue Sources . 680 1. Architecture.681 2. Luxury Suites and Club Seats . 681 3. Pay-Per-View.682 4. Satellite Radio . 683 5. Personal Seat Licensing . 683 6. Media Access Charges . 683 7. Naming Rights . 684 8. Sport as Entertainment . 684 9. International Expansion . 685 III. Nontraditional Revenue Sources . 686 1. Housing Related to the Sports Complex . 687 2. Computers at Your Seat . 688 3. Projected Ads on Field/Court/Ice.688 4. Name Plates on Seats . 689 5. Headsets that Would Connect the Fan to the Field . 689 6. Flat Screens in Restrooms (“The Twenty”) . 690 7. Interactive TV . 690 8. Broadcast License for Trains and Airlines.691
Regional, semiglobal, global nonlinear anti-windup via switching design

In this paper we propose a novel technique for nonlinear anti-windup augmentation via hysteresis switching of linear control laws. The approach is applicable to any control system for a linear plant. In the case when the linear plant is exponentially stable, a finite number of gains guarantees global exponential stability (GES) of the closed-loop, while for exponentially unstable plants, the approach provides regional results. In the marginally unstable case (namely, for plants with poles on the imaginary axis but not in the right hand plane), the approach provides semiglobal exponential stability (SGES) when using a finite number of switching regions or global asymptotic stability (GAS) when using an infinite number of switching regions. For the exponentially unstable case regional exponential stability (RES) is provided. Simulation results illustrate the effectiveness of the approach on two examples, one involving an exponentially stable plant and one involving an exponentially unstable plant.
Ready-made, recalibrated, or Remodeled? Issues in the use of risk indexes for assessing mortality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.

BACKGROUND Risk indexes for operative mortality after cardiac surgery are used for comparative profiling of surgeons or centers. We examined whether clinicians and managers should use an existing index without modification, recalibrate it for their populations, or derive a new model altogether. METHODS AND RESULTS Drawing on 7491 consecutive patients who underwent isolated CABG at 2 Toronto teaching hospitals between 1993 and 1996, we compared 3 strategies: (1) using a ready-made model originally derived and validated in our jurisdiction; (2) recalibrating the ready-made model to better fit the population; and (3) deriving a new model with additional risk factors. We assessed statistical accuracy, ie, area under a receiver-operator characteristic curve (ROC); precision, ie, statistical goodness-of-fit; and actual impact on both risk-adjusted operative mortalities (RAOM) and performance rankings for 14 surgeons. The new model was slightly more accurate than the ready-made model (ROC, 0.78 versus 0.76; P<0.05), albeit not different from the recalibrated model (ROC, 0.77). The ready-made model showed poor fit between the predicted and observed results (P<0.001), leading to significant underestimation of RAOM (1.6+/-0. 2%) compared with the other strategies (2.5+/-0.2%; P=0.048). Remodeling also changed the performance rankings among half the surgeons with higher RAOM. CONCLUSIONS Poorly calibrated risk algorithms can bias the calculation of RAOM and alter the results of surgeon-specific profiles. Any existing index used for risk assessment in cardiac surgery should be episodically recalibrated or compared with new models derived from local subjects to ensure that its performance remains optimal.
Glass Transition Dynamics and Surface Layer Mobility in Unentangled Polystyrene Films

Tangle-Free Polymer Dynamics The dynamics of polymer chains at interfaces will differ from the dynamics in the bulk. While hard interfaces generally cause chain motions to slow down, at free surfaces the dynamics should generally speed up. A consequence is that for thin polymer films, there should be a reduction in the glass transition temperature (Tg), but a wide range of effects have been seen in different polymeric materials. Now, Yang et al. (p. 1676) show that for short, unentangled polystyrene polymers, there is a direct correlation between the viscosity and the glass transition temperature, and that the reduction in Tg is due to a surface mobile layer that dominates the behavior as the films decrease in thickness. Thin films of short, unentangled polystyrene chains possess a highly mobile surface layer. Most polymers solidify into a glassy amorphous state, accompanied by a rapid increase in the viscosity when cooled below the glass transition temperature (Tg). There is an ongoing debate on whether the Tg changes with decreasing polymer film thickness and on the origin of the changes. We measured the viscosity of unentangled, short-chain polystyrene films on silicon at different temperatures and found that the transition temperature for the viscosity decreases with decreasing film thickness, consistent with the changes in the Tg of the films observed before. By applying the hydrodynamic equations to the films, the data can be explained by the presence of a highly mobile surface liquid layer, which follows an Arrhenius dynamic and is able to dominate the flow in the thinnest films studied.
Event-Based 3D Motion Flow Estimation Using 4D Spatio Temporal Subspaces Properties

State of the art scene flow estimation techniques are based on projections of the 3D motion on image using luminance—sampled at the frame rate of the cameras—as the principal source of information. We introduce in this paper a pure time based approach to estimate the flow from 3D point clouds primarily output by neuromorphic event-based stereo camera rigs, or by any existing 3D depth sensor even if it does not provide nor use luminance. This method formulates the scene flow problem by applying a local piecewise regularization of the scene flow. The formulation provides a unifying framework to estimate scene flow from synchronous and asynchronous 3D point clouds. It relies on the properties of 4D space time using a decomposition into its subspaces. This method naturally exploits the properties of the neuromorphic asynchronous event based vision sensors that allows continuous time 3D point clouds reconstruction. The approach can also handle the motion of deformable object. Experiments using different 3D sensors are presented.
Maternal and fetal signs and symptoms associated with uterine rupture in women with prior cesarean delivery

Abstract Objective: To describe the association between maternal and fetal physical signs and symptoms (signs/symptoms) and childbirth outcomes in women with prior cesarean delivery (CD). Methods: Cases of uterine rupture at a single institution were reviewed to examine risk factors for experiencing signs/symptoms and poor childbirth outcomes. Results: Among 21 014 deliveries, 3252 (15.5%) had prior CD, and 75 (2.3%) had uterine rupture. Of these, 66 (88.0%) labored. Among those who labored, 51 (77.3%) demonstrated signs/symptoms prior to delivery. Signs/symptoms included vaginal bleeding, abdominal pain, fetal bradycardia and decreased fetal heart rate (FHR) variability. Laboring patients with signs/symptoms were seven times more likely than those without them to have poor maternal/neonatal outcome (27/51 [52.9%] versus 2/15 [13.3%], OR = 7.31 [95% CI 1.34–52.43], p = 0.0155). In multivariate analysis, risk factors for poor fetal outcome were cervical ripening (OR 4.99 [95% CI 0.86–28.99, p = 0.0735) and prolonged FHR deceleration/bradycardia (OR 2.78 [95% CI 0.86–9.10], p = 0.0905). Fetal tachycardia was a risk factor for poor maternal outcome (OR 8.10 [95% CI 1.40–46.84], p = 0.0195). Conclusions: Among laboring women with uterine rupture, 77% demonstrated maternal or fetal signs/symptoms before delivery. The presence of at least one sign/symptom identified nearly all laboring patients (27/29 [93.1%]) with poor outcomes.
L'inconscient motivationnel et sa place dans la théorie de l'autodétermination.

Ce travail doctoral vise a faire avancer les connaissances dans le domaine des processus inconscients de la motivation. Pour cela, une synthese des recherches est d'abord proposee. Nous y differencions les recherches examinant l'automaticite des motivations (i.e., les motivations dont le guidage conscient a ete progressivement desengage), des recherches portant sur les reactions impulsives issues de la regulation des besoins fondamentaux. L'objectif de cette these est de voir comment ces formes de motivations inconscientes s'integrent aux postulats de la theorie de l'autodetermination (SDT, Deci & Ryan, 1985). Un 1er programme de recherche incluant trois experiences a examine l'automaticite des orientations motivationnelles. Les resultats font apparaitre que ce phenomene 1) implique reellement des processus inconscients puisque ces motivations peuvent etre activees de maniere subliminale, 2) possede une valeur ecologique certaine en pouvant influencer les individus dans leur contexte de vie, et 3) qu'il est module par des dispositions individuelles de traitement attentionnel conscient. Un 2nd programme de recherche incluant quatre experiences a examine si la privation d'un besoin fondamental (i.e., le besoin d'autonomie) entrainait des reactions motivationnelles impulsives. Les resultats montrent que la privation de l'autonomie est suivie d'une tentative de restauration de ce besoin guide par des processus cognitifs inconscients, affectant le comportement des individus. Ces resultats prefigurent une approche duale de la motivation capable d'integrer les donnees theoriques de la SDT.
Allergy-Driven Alternative Splicing of IL-13 Receptor α2 Yields Distinct Membrane and Soluble Forms1

IL-13 is a key mediator of allergic inflammation. Its diverse functions are mediated by a complex receptor system including IL-4Rα, IL-13Rα1, and IL-13Rα2. IL-4Rα and IL-13Rα1 form a high-affinity signaling heterodimer. IL-13Rα2 binds IL-13 with high affinity and has been found to exist in membrane and soluble forms. Soluble IL-13Rα2 has been postulated as a critical endogenous modulator of IL-13 responses. However, the mechanism of generation for the soluble form remains unclear. We present the initial study that a mechanism for generation of the soluble form is alternative splicing and that alternative splicing yields a distinct form of soluble IL-13Rα2. We found that several mouse organs expressed two IL-13Rα2 transcripts, the 1152-bp transcript encoding the full-length protein and the 1020-bp transcript lacking exon10, which encodes the transmembrane region. Deletion of exon 10 (ΔEx10) caused a frameshift resulting in a different amino acid sequence from position 327 to position 339 and early termination. Constructs encoding both splice variants were transfected into WEHI-274.1 cells. Transfectants expressing the full-length transcript had IL-13Rα2 on the cell surface but produced minimal soluble IL-13Rα2 in the supernatants. In contrast, transfectants expressing the ΔEx10 transcript displayed no membrane IL-13Rα2 but secreted high levels of soluble IL-13Rα2 capable of inhibiting IL-13 signaling. Both variants bound IL-13, but the ΔEx10 variant displayed ∼2-fold increase in IL-13 binding activity. Expression of the two IL-13Rα2 transcripts was differentially regulated in vivo in an experimental allergic asthma model. Thus, alternatively spliced variants of IL-13Rα2 may have a distinct biologic function in vivo.
A Rotary Actuator Using Shape Memory Alloy (SMA) Wires

This paper presents the conceptual design, operating principle, simplified geometric model-based parametric analysis, experimental driving characterization, and working performance verification of a rotary actuator using shape memory alloy (SMA) wires. To achieve the research goal for developing a bidirectional SMA rotary actuator with high-torque capability, the actuator is realized with a rotational driving mechanism devised on the basis of the operating principle of wobble stepping motors. In the proposed actuator, this driving mechanism consisting of an involute gear set and crankshafts suitably and effectively functions to convert expansion and contraction of the SMA wires to high-torque rotational motion. In designing the actuator, the analysis result on parametric effect is utilized, and driving characterization and working performance verification are experimentally carried out with a fabricated functional prototype. With the experimental results, differentiating characteristics related to the operating principle of the proposed actuator and the thermomechanical behavior of SMA elements are investigated and discussed.
Games guards play: a self-report study of institutional deviance within the Texas Department of Criminal Justice

While most correctional officers adhere to the highest level of professionalism, some engage in institutional deviance during the course of their eight-hour shifts. In the present study, we administered 501 self-report questionnaires to correctional officers within the Texas Department of Criminal Justice. Respondents who reported that their supervisors were not supportive tended to admit to higher levels of institutional deviance than their peers, though peer support did not contribute to correctional officer deviance. Additionally, respondents who perceived their jobs to be less dangerous than other officers were more likely to have attitudes that were conducive to institutional deviance. Moreover, a perception of deviance among others also helped ‘normalize’ these acts in the prison setting and contributed to more favorable attitudes toward institutional deviance by correctional officers. Theory X and Theory Y is used to explain the lack of supervisory support that leads to institutional deviance among correctional officers. These findings have important policy implications toward reducing deviance among correctional officers, thereby making prison facilities safer and more secure.
Effect of short‐term culture on functional and stress‐related parameters in isolated human islets

The Edmonton protocol for islet transplantation utilizes fresh islet grafts but other protocols increasingly transplant short‐term cultured grafts mainly for practical reasons. To improve our understanding of the impact of culture pretreatment of human islets, we assessed post‐transplant function by nude mouse bioassay, islet ATP, activity of stress‐activated MAP kinases, and expression of stress‐related genes by focused cDNA array in freshly isolated and cultured islets. Mean blood glucose levels over 4 weeks after transplantation (2000 IE) of (i) freshly isolated, (ii) cultured and preculture counted (recovery rate; 78 ± 6%), and (iii) cultured and postculture counted islets in diabetic mice were 330 ± 40, 277 ± 65, and 256 ± 52 mg/dl (i versus ii, P = 0.004; i versus iii, P = 0.002). During culture, islet ATP/DNA and ATP/ADP increased; JNK and p38 MAPK activities decreased. Among 96 genes studied, mRNA expression of heat shock protein 70 genes decreased >twofold during culture in all four pairs; expression of cyclooxygenase‐2, superoxide dismutase‐2, interleukin‐6 and cytochromes P450 1A1 genes increased. Our results show that culturing human islets before transplantation is not disadvantageous in regard of functional recovery from changes induced by nonphysiologic stimuli during islet isolation. The increase in expression of several stress‐related genes during culture also shows that improving culture conditions may further enhance post‐transplant islet function.
Meridional density gradients do not control the Atlantic overturning circulation

A wide body of modeling and theoretical scaling studies support the concept that changes to the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), whether forced by winds or buoyancy fluxes, can be understood in terms of a simple causative relation between the AMOC and an appropriately defined meridional density gradient (MDG). The MDG is supposed to translate directly into a meridional pressure gradient. Here two sets of experiments are performed using a modular ocean model coupled to an energy‐moisture balance model in which the positive AMOC‐MDG relation breaks down. In the first suite of seven model integrations it is found that increasing winds in the Southern Ocean cause an increase in overturning while the surface density difference between the equator and North Atlantic drops. In the second suite of eight model integrations the equation of state is manipulated so that the density is calculated at the model temperature plus an artificial increment DT that ranges from 238 to 98C. (An increase in DT results in increased sensitivity of density to temperature gradients.) The AMOC in these model integrations drops as the MDG increases regardless of whether the density difference is computed at the surface or averaged over the upper ocean. Traditional scaling analysis can only produce this weaker AMOC if the scale depth decreases enough to compensate for the stronger MDG. Five estimates of the depth scale are evaluated and it is found that the changes in the AMOC can be derived from scaling analysis when using the depth of the maximum overturning circulation or estimates thereof but not from the pycnocline depth. These two depth scales are commonly assumed to be the same in theoretical models of the AMOC. It is suggested that the correlation between the MDG and AMOC breaks down in these model integrations because the depth and strength of the AMOC is influenced strongly by remote forcing such as Southern Ocean winds and Antarctic Bottom Water formation.
Ticket based service access for the mobile user

Traditional mechanisms for service access, by mobile hosts across muhiple service domains, rely on the concept of a home location and cross domain authentication using roaming agreements. The reasons for requiring a home location are considered and it is argued that with recent developmenrs in elecn-onic payment schemes an alternative is possible. In an environment with many service providers, a wide range of services, and a diverse user population, roaming agreements based on a home location provide a far from ideal solution. An allernative “homeless” mechanism based on the notion of tickets is proposed. The requirements and impacts of such a scheme are considered. The proposed scheme is described and anaiysed to show robusrness against specific problems. A description of a protogpe implemenration is included, together with ideas for firm-e work.
Antioxidant Phenolic Compounds from Pu-erh Tea

Eight compounds were isolated from the water extract of Pu-erh tea and their structures were elucidated by NMR and MS as gallic acid (1), (+)-catechin (2), (−)-epicatechin (3), (−)-epicatechin-3-O-gallate (4), (−)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate (5), (−)-epiafzelechin-3-O-gallate (6), kaempferol (7), and quercetin (8). Their in vitro antioxidant activities were assessed by the DPPH and ABTS scavenging methods with microplate assays. The relative order of DPPH scavenging capacity for these compounds was compound 8 > compound 7 > compound 1 > compound 6 > compound 4 ≈ compound 5 > compound 2 > VC (reference) > compound 3, and that of ABTS scavenging capacity was compound 1 > compound 2 > compound 7 ≈ compound 8 > compound 6 > compound 5 > compound 4 > VC (reference) > compound 3. The results showed that these phenolic compounds contributed to the antioxidant activity of Pu-erh tea.
False-memory construction : the effect of memory confidence

According to Roediger and McDermott (1995), a false memory is a memory of an event that never occurred. A large body of research has explored the false memory effect and the factors that influence false memory production. The purpose of the present study was twofold. The first aim was to examine the extent to which a participant’s confidence in their overall memory ability influences the production of false memories. The second aim was to explore the extent to which fluctuations in memory confidence potentially influence fluctuations in the false memory phenomenon. To these aims, participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: high-confidence group, low-confidence group, or neutral group. Participants received positive, negative, or neutral feedback about their memory performance on three different memory tests in an attempt to experimentally manipulate participants’ confidence in their memory. Using the Roediger and McDermott (1995) paradigm, participants were administered a total of 32 word lists and were administered a recall test after each list was presented. Each list contained 15 words associated with one non-presented word (critical lure). After all 32 lists were presented, participants completed a recognition test in which they were asked to identify the words presented on each list and to make remember, know, and guess judgments (Tulving, 1985). The analysis on the recall and the recognition test revealed a false memory effect: studied items were recalled and recognized at a higher rate than critical lures which in turn were recalled and recognized at a higher rate than non-critical intrusions or new words. No significant differences between the three memory manipulation conditions were observed, indicating that the memory manipulation did not affect false memory production.
A Fully Automated Monitoring Tool to Detect Lameness of Broiler Chickens by Image Analysis

In this study, a new and non-invasive technique is developed to automatically analyse the locomotion and posture behaviours of broiler chickens with different gait score levels. Five experiments were carried out with in total 250 broiler chickens in order to assess the relationship between the gait scores obtained by human experts and the locomotion and posture behaviours quantified by an automatic image monitoring system. For this purpose, video surveillance images of broilers with five different predefined gait scores were recorded and by applied image analysis techniques the bird's locomotion and posture behaviour was classified into two categories: the number of lying event (NoL) and latency to lie down (LTL). A linear regression was performed to define the coefficient of determination between the NoL obtained by the proposed algorithm and the NoL obtained by manual labelling, which resulted in R = 0,993. In addition, 83% of lying behaviour was correctly classified by automatic monitoring system for a total of 250 broiler chickens. The results also showed a clear correlation (R=0.893) between NoL and gait score and a strong negative correlation (R = -0.954, P < 0.001) between LTL and gait score level of broilers.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Ölçme Değerlendirme Okuryazarlıklarının Belirlenmesi

Olcme-degerlendirme konusu, ogretmenlik yeterlik alanlarinin en temel ogelerinden bir tanesidir. Gelismis seviyede olcme-degerlendirme okuryazarligina sahip olarak yetistirilen ogretmen adaylarinin, okullarda verilen egitimin kalitesinin artmasina yardimci olacagi bir gercektir. Bu arastirmada, farkli bolumlerde ogrenim goren dorduncu sinif ogretmen adaylarinin olcme-degerlendirme okuryazarlik duzeyleri, olcme-degerlendirmeye iliskin dusunce ve tutumlari incelenmistir. Bu amacla uc farkli olcek, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart Universitesi dorduncu sinifta okuyan 289 ogretmen adayina uygulanmistir. Betimsel analiz sonuclarinda, ogretmen adaylarinin olcme-degerlendirme okuryazarlik duzeylerinin dusuk oldugu ve gelistirilmesi gerektigi ortaya cikmistir. Ogretmen adaylarinin olcmedegerlendirmeye yonelik dusunce ve tutumlarinin ise daha cok yapilandirmaci yaklasimda oldugu tespit edilmistir. Neticede bu calisma, ogretmen adaylarinin olcme-degerlendirme alanina yonelik bilgi, beceri ve tutumlarinin anlasilmasina katkida bulunmustur