Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Structural relationships among organisation service orientation, employee service performance, and consumer identification

Numerous studies have examined relationship behaviour linking enterprises and consumers from the enterprise perspective rather than the consumer perspective, including consumer approval and relationship maintenance. To redress this imbalance, this study investigates three issues linking the enterprise and consumer perspectives. The first issue involves analysing the influence on the consumers that arises from integrated internal and external environmental resources using service orientation business strategies. The second issue involves exploring the foundations of the relationship factors based on consumer identification that serves to establish consumer relationships. The third issue involves discussing consumer and staff evaluations and experiences of the service. The following opinions can be induced based on the analytical results. Both internal and external environmental characteristics positively affect the service orientation of business. Service orientation positively impacts consumer perceptions of employee service performance. Consumer perceptions of employee service performance have positively impacted consumer identification.
The Danish Apprenticeship System, 1931–2002: The Role of Subsidies and Institutions

This paper provides an overview of the evolution of the apprenticeship system in a country, which provides large-scale employer-provided training for new entrants on the labour market. The overview includes institutional traits of the Danish labour market which help sustain the system by alleviating failures in the market for training. Estimation results indicate a highly significant and substantial impact of the cost variable on the inflow of apprenticies. Employment subsidies thus appear at face value to be effective in furthering training. Subsidies to employ apprentices have been an important part of the Danish educational system since 1970ies. The results of the paper might be relevant in the assessment of the relative merits and costs of similar schemes in other contries. To the extent that cross-border comparisons are relevant in the evaluation of the relative merits of educational systems, there are very few countries to look at concerning full-scale apprenticeship systems.
Controlled aliasing in volumetric parallel imaging (2D CAIPIRINHA)

The CAIPIRINHA (Controlled Aliasing In Parallel Imaging Results IN Higher Acceleration) concept in parallel imaging has recently been introduced, which modifies the appearance of aliasing artifacts during data acquisition in order to improve the subsequent parallel imaging reconstruction procedure. This concept has been successfully applied to simultaneous multi‐slice imaging (MS CAIPIRINHA). In this work, we demonstrate that the concept of CAIPIRINHA can also be transferred to 3D imaging, where data reduction can be performed in two spatial dimensions simultaneously. In MS CAIPIRINHA, aliasing is controlled by providing individual slices with different phase cycles by means of alternating multi‐band radio frequency (RF) pulses. In contrast to MS CAIPIRINHA, 2D CAIPIRINHA does not require special RF pulses. Instead, aliasing in 2D parallel imaging can be controlled by modifying the phase encoding sampling strategy. This is done by shifting sampling positions from their normal positions in the undersampled 2D phase encoding scheme. Using this modified sampling strategy, coil sensitivity variations can be exploited more efficiently in multiple dimensions, resulting in a more robust parallel imaging reconstruction. Magn Reson Med, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Women teachers: career identity and perceptions of family constraints ‐‐ changes over a recent decade

Abstract This paper seeks to examine recent changes in women schoolteachers’ professional ambitions, and a corresponding growth in their awareness of the constraints upon them of family‐based domestic responsibilities. Together these factors are seen to constitute a strengthening of women's career identity. The paper is based on two local surveys of representatives of NUT and NAS/UWT, the teacher trade unions, carried out in 1978 and 1987. These are analysed in context of local observational research. The main areas of inquiry were: aims and expectations for reaching the three top posts in schools; constraints on aims and expectations; attitudes towards moving locality in order to obtain promotion; and the way domestic and financial responsibilities were shared between spouses or partners. Teachers were asked about both their personal experience and how ‘being a woman’ influenced women teachers. Women's and men's responses were compared, and, in certain instances responses were further broken down by NUT .
Intergenerational mobility and sample selection in short panels

Using data from the first eleven waves of the BHPS, this paper measures the extent of the selection bias induced by adulthood and coresidence conditions - bias that is expected to be severe in short panels - on measures of intergenerational mobility in occupational prestige. We try to limit the impact of other selection biases, such as those induced by labour market restrictions that are typically imposed in intergenerational mobility studies, by using different measures of socioeconomic status that account for missing labour market information. We stress four main results. First, there is evidence of an underestimation of the true intergenerational elasticity, the extent of which ranges between 10 and 25 percent. Second, the proposed methods used to correct for the selection bias seem to be unable to attenuate it, except for the propensity score weighting procedure, which performs well in most circumstances. This result is confirmed both under the assumption of missing-at-random data as well as under the assumption of not-missing-at-random data. Third, the two previous sets of results (direction and extent of the bias, and differential abilities to correct for it) are also robust when we account for measurement error. Fourth, restricting the sample to a period shorter than the eleven waves under analysis leads to a severe sample selection bias. In the cases when the analysis is limited to four waves, this bias may range from 27 to 80 percent.
Cross-region FDI productivity spillovers in transition economies: evidence from China

Prior studies have failed to examine the spatial dimension of FDI productivity spillovers in transition economies. Using data from China, this article investigates how FDI in one location may affect the productivity of domestic firms in another location. The study finds strong evidence that FDI in the growth pole on the coast adversely affects the productivity of domestic firms in the peripheral interior. There is also some evidence that FDI in the peripheral interior positively affects the productivity of domestic firms in the growth pole on the coast. The findings indicate that the inflows of FDI contribute to the widening regional disparities in transition economies like China.
ANÁLISIS ESPACIAL DE DATOS Y TURISMO: NUEVAS TÉCNICAS PARA EL ANÁLISIS TURÍSTICO. UNA APLICACIÓN AL CASO EXTREMEÑO

El analisis del turismo tiene unas connotaciones espaciales indiscutibles. El numero de pernoctaciones, el grado de ocupacion, el numero de plazas ofertadas y un sinfin de variables turisticas estan condicionadas por los valores que las mismas toman en los destinos turisticos mas proximos al destino que esta siendo analizado. Surge, de esta forma, el concepto de autocorrelacion espacial que, sin embargo, y hasta el momento, no ha sido tenido en cuenta en los estudios turisticos.Pues bien, el objetivo de este trabajo es presentar algunas herramientas analiticas para detectar la posible presencia de autocorrelacion espacial en el analisis de las variables turisticas y, a partir de ellas, identificar la presencia de clusters espaciales, tanto a nivel global como a nivel local. Tambien se pretende demostrar que la representacion cartografica de los datos turisticos enriquece de forma considerable los analisis que se realizan, ya que permite detectar relaciones entre destinos o puntos turisticos que, de otra forma, seria imposible ni siquiera intuir. Finalmente, y con el objeto de mostrar la utilidad empirica de las tecnicas presentadas, en la segunda parte del trabajo se realiza una aplicacion con algunas variables del sector turistico extremeno.ABSTRACTTourism analysis has several unquestionable spatial implications. Almost every tourism variable is conditioned by their values in neighbour tourism destinations. This situation is connected with spatial autocorrelation concept. This statistical concept has not been taken into account in tourism analysis until now.The aim of this article is to overview some analytical tools to test the presence of spatial autocorrelation in tourism variables analysis and, if this is the case, to identify spatial clusters in both global and local approaches. Another objective is to show how cartographical representation of tourism data improve susbtantially the analysis, because allow the researcher to locate relationships among tourism destinations, which, if these tools are not used, should stay hidden. Finally, in order to show the empirical usefulness of the previously presented techniques, the second part of the article is devoted to the empirical application of these tools to some tourism variables from a spanish tourism destination: Extremadura.
Airway interventions in the cardiac electrophysiology laboratory: a retrospective review.

OBJECTIVE To quantify the incidence of airway interventions during cardiac electrophysiology laboratory procedures. DESIGN A retrospective chart review. SETTING A tertiary care teaching hospital. PARTICIPANTS Two-hundred eight adult patients undergoing cardiac electrophysiology laboratory procedures during a 2-year period, March 2006 to March 2008. The patients underwent the following procedures: supraventricular tachycardia ablation, atrial tachycardia ablation, atrial flutter ablation, premature ventricular contraction ablation, and ventricular tachycardia ablation. Patients who were intubated (in the intensive care unit or emergency department) before the ablation began, patients with ventricular assist devices or intra-aortic balloon pumps, and patients receiving inotropic support before the procedure were excluded. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS The data were summarized by using the mean and standard deviation. Of the 208 patients, 186 were planned monitored anesthesia care, and 22 were planned general anesthetics. Of the monitored anesthesia care cases, 20 were converted to general anesthesia, and 54 received some type of airway intervention including oral-pharyngeal airway or nasal airway insertion. Therefore, 40% (74/186) of the non-general anesthesia cases required an airway intervention. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that a significant proportion of the authors' patients undergoing cardiac electrophysiology laboratory procedures required deep sedation if not general anesthesia, although a non-general anesthetic was planned. The issue of depth of sedation has implications for patient safety, privileging, and regulatory compliance. Based on the present results, the authors believe sedation for these procedures is best given by anesthesia providers; furthermore, caregivers should be aware that these procedures are likely to require deep sedation if not general anesthesia.
Rural Perceptions of Growth Management Legislation on Rural Economic Development: Welcoming Comrade or Hostile Foe?

Statewide growth regulations are often a site for conflict over appropriate land use and the interests it should serve. Perceptions of environmental policies’ effects on local economic development provide the foundation for tension between environmental quality and economic growth. Rural perceptions are of particular importance due to the economic hardships that have hit many rural communities. I examine rural leaders’ perceptions of growth management policies with respect to achieving economic development. Results suggest that several community leaders view state growth management legislation as negatively affecting the implementation of outside industry or business as well as the sustaining of livestock farms. Interviewed leaders do not perceive the presence of an urban growth boundary to have much of an impact on economic development. Rather, they perceive certain characteristics surrounding the amendment of the urban growth boundary, such as lengthy timelines and county approval, to have the most impact on rural economic development.
A New Sex-Specific Genetic Map of the Human Pseudoautosomal Regions (PAR1 and PAR2)

Objectives: Accurate sex-specific genetic maps are essential for gene mapping projects when using multipoint methods, especially for the pseudoautosomal regions (PARs). This paper describes a new sex-specific genetic map for the human PARs. Methods: We used multipoint linkage analysis, three-generation pedigrees and to date, the largest set of genetic markers to estimate recombination events in the PARs. The new map combines genotype data from 28 CEPH pedigrees and 29 genetic markers. All genetic markers have been physically mapped, thus providing the opportunity to compare genetic to physical distance through all the intervals. Results: Recombination activity in PAR1 is on average 7-fold higher in male than in female meiosis, resulting in a much larger genetic map for males. This new map shows how genetically different in size is the X chromosome between males and females. Conclusions: Genetic distances vary extremely between males and females in the PARs. These differences should be considered in genetic studies using accurate sex-specific maps instead of sex-averaged maps. The new map provides a significantly different length compared to some previously published maps, since a much higher number of genetic markers is used. Therefore, we conclude that our map is the most accurate resource for obtaining genetic map information for the PARs.
Electrostatic Analysis of Moving Conductors Using a Perturbation Finite Element Method

This paper deals with the analysis of electrostatic problems involving moving devices by means of a perturbation finite element method. A reference problem without any moving parts is first solved and gives the source for a sequence of perturbation problems in subdomains restricted to the neighborhood of these parts. The source accounts for all the previous calculations for preceding positions what increases the efficiency of the simulations. This proposed approach also improves the computation accuracy and decreases the complexity of the analysis of moving conductors thanks to the use of independent and adaptively refined meshes.
Intertemporal Variation in Financial Constraints on Investment

This article is concerned with understanding how financial constraints on investment vary over the business cycle and whether these constraints are related to macroeconomic policies. These issues are investigated within the framework of a time-varying parameter model using U.S. company panel data from 1971 to 1993. A preliminary investigation of parameter stability in investment equations using cross-sectional estimation techniques indicates a pattern of parameter variation that conforms to the one captured by the “return-to-normality” model. The return-to-normality model is estimated using a Bayesian approach. The estimation results provide evidence that support the predictions of the models of asymmetric information in capital markets.
The Effect of Mandatory IFRS Adoption on Conditional Conservatism in Europe

We study the effect of mandatory adoption of International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) in Europe in 2005 on conditional conservatism. We capture conditional conservatism with a modified version of the Khan and Watts measure (C_Score) that also controls for potential shifts in unconditional conservatism and cost of capital. From a sample of 13,711 firm-year observations drawn from 16 European countries spanning the 2000–2010 period, we document an overall decline in the degree of conditional conservatism after the adoption of IFRS. We show that the decline in conditional conservatism is less pronounced for countries with high quality audit environments and strong enforcement of compliance with accounting standards using the Brown et al. audit and enforcement index. As asset impairment tests are a key mechanism ensuring conditional conservatism in the IFRS framework, we further examine these. We show that firms booking an asset impairment present a smaller decline in the degree of conditional conservatism relative to firms that do not. We also demonstrate that firms that do not book an asset impairment when evidence suggests the probable need to do so experience a more pronounced reduction in conditional conservatism. We argue that IFRS are conceptually conditionally conservative but that inappropriate application of conditional conservatism principles is likely to prevent financial reporting from reaching the level of conservatism targeted by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB).
Exploring and comparing innovation patterns across different knowledge intensive business services

Using data from a survey of 769 firms, this paper provides empirical evidence of the nature of innovation and its determinants within knowledge intensive business services (KIBS). The aim of the paper is to analyse how KIBS innovate and whether they innovate differently in three Canadian knowledge intensive business industries: Computer System Designs and Related Services; Management, Scientific and Technical Consulting Services; and, Architectural, Engineering and Related Services. There are clear differences in the innovation profiles of the three sectors, which suggest that KIBS cannot be analysed as an undifferentiated group of establishments. However, there are also important within-sector differences that call for further investigation.
Index option market activity and cash market volatility under different market conditions: an empirical study from Sweden

This study investigates the relationship between option market activity and cash market volatility on the OMX index. Option market activity is defined as trading volume divided by open interest and is assumed to reflect the specific impact of speculation. The study contributes by investigating empirical evidence relating to two periods with different market conditions. The findings show that for the complete sample period there is unidirectional causality from cash market volatility to option market activity for calls and puts jointly, as well as for calls and puts respectively. While unidirectional causality from cash market volatility to call option market activity is documented for both the subperiods, bilateral causality between put option market activity and cash market volatility was found for one of the subperiods. Finally, to further investigate the potential impact of index options on the volatility of the underlying cash market the expected and unexpected components of option market activity, trading volume, and open interest were also investigated.
Diagnosing insulin resistance by simple quantitative methods in subjects with normal glucose metabolism.

Ascaso et al. (1) evaluated insulin sensitivity in 65 healthy subjects using minimal model analysis of an insulin-modified frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIVGTT) to estimate the insulin sensitivity parameter derived from minimal model (SIMM) (2), as well as simple surrogates including fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment (3), QUICKI (4), and the McAuley index (5). A statistically significant correlation was observed between SIMM and all of the other surrogate indexes examined. However, using SIMM as the reference method, the authors claim that the McAuley index has the best correlation with SI …
Mandibular dysfunction in adolescents Prevalence of symptoms

The prevalence of symptoms of mandibular dysfunction was studied in 285 17–year-old adolescents living in the municipality of Skelleftea. They answered a questionnaire concerning general state of health and occurrence of headache, facial pain, or temporomandibular problems. A fifth of the subjects reported some symptoms involving the masticatory system. There was no statistically significant difference between sexes. Of the sample 13% had mild symptoms and 7% had severe symptoms of dysfunction. The most frequent symptoms were clicking sounds from the temporomandibular joint (13%) and a feeling of fatigue in the jaws (6%). Recurrent headache (once a week or more) was reported by 12% and appeared significantly more often among the girls (p < 0.001). Three-quarters used both sides for chewing, and oral parafunctional habits were reported by 68%. Since mild and moderate symptoms of mandibular dysfunction and headache obviously make an early appearance, a routine dental examination should include screening of .
Cellular lifespan and senescence signaling in embryonic stem cells

Most mammalian cells when placed in culture will undergo a limited number of cell divisions before entering an unresponsive non‐proliferating state termed senescence. However, several pathways that are activated singly or in concert can allow cells to bypass senescence at least for limited periods. These include the telomerase pathway required to maintain telomere ends, the p53 and Rb pathways required to direct senescence in response to DNA damage, telomere shortening and mitogenic signals, and the insulin‐like growth factor – Akt pathway that may regulate lifespan and cell proliferation. In this review, we summarize recent findings related to these pathways in embryonic stem (ES) cells and suggest that ES cells are immortal because these pathways are tightly regulated.
Purification and characterization of human salivary peroxidase.

Human salivary peroxidase (SPO) has been purified to homogeneity by subjecting human parotid saliva to immunoaffinity, cation exchange, and affinity chromatography. These procedures resulted in a 992-fold purification of the enzyme. When purified SPO was subjected to sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), three Coomassie stainable bands were apparent, all of which stained positive for enzyme activity. The apparent molecular weights of the three bands were 78,000, 80,000, and 280,000 as analyzed by SDS-PAGE. Reduction with 2-mercaptoethanol resulted in a decreased mobility of these bands, and enzyme activity could no longer be detected on the gels. The SPO preparation had the characteristic peroxidase heme spectrum in the range 405-420 nm. The ratio between the absorbance of the Soret band (412 nm) and the absorbance at 280 nm was 0.81. The enzyme activity was inhibited by the classical peroxidase inhibitors cyanide and azide. Salivary peroxidase is similar to bovine lactoperoxidase (LPO) in amino acid composition, in ultraviolet and visible spectrum, in reaction with cyanide, in susceptibility to 2-mercaptoethanol inactivation, and in thermal stability. The two enzymes differ in carbohydrate composition and content. SPO contains 4.6% and LPO 7% total neutral sugars. The ratio of glucosamine to galactosamine is 2:1 in SPO and 3:1 in LPO. SPO contains mannose, fucose, and galactose in a molar ratio of 1.5:1.5:1.0, while the ratio was 14.9:0.5:1.0 in LPO. Glucose was present in both preparations in minor amounts. The concentration of azide required for 50% inhibition of enzyme activity was 20-fold greater for LPO than for SPO. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)