Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The angular correlation function and hierarchical moments of ∼70 000 faint galaxies to R=23.5

We investigate the angular correlation function, ω(θ), and third- and fourth-order hierarchical moments of a large sample of ∼70 000 galaxies with apparent magnitudes 18.5≤R≤23.5. The data consist of 47 red-band INT Wide Field Camera CCD images, forming two widely separated fields of total areas 1.01 and 0.74 deg2. Galaxy clustering is detected with a high significance of ∼10s. Over the R=21 to 23.5 range of magnitude limits, the angular correlation functions approximately follow θ−0.8 power laws at θ>5 arcsec, with amplitudes consistent with previous surveys and best fitted by a luminosity evolution model in which galaxy clustering is approximately stable in proper coordinates (ɛ=0). Assuming the redshift distribution from our pure luminosity evolution (PLE) model and the present-day galaxy correlation radii from Loveday et al., we estimate the clustering evolution as Graphic for both fields combined, or Graphic for the larger of the two fields which is thought to be the better in data quality. On the larger of our fields, ω(θ) at 2≤θ≤5 significantly exceeds a ω(θ)∝θ−0.8 power law of the amplitude measured at θ>5 arcsec. If this excess of close pairs is due to interacting and merging galaxies, we estimate that it is consistent with the local fraction of galaxies in close (<19 h−1 kpc) pairs combined with a merger/interaction rate evolving as (1+z)m with Graphic. We derive the hierarchical moments s3(θ) and s4(θ) from the counts-in-cells of the 18.5≤R≤23.5 galaxies. We find relatively steep slopes of approximately θ−0.4 for s3(θ) and θ−0.6 for s4(θ), similar to those of the hierarchical moments of 17≤B≤20 galaxies in the EDSGCS at comparable physical scales. The s3(θ) and s4(θ) of the 18.5≤R≤23.5 galaxies show only a small reduction in normalization relative to those of the less deep EDSGCS survey, consistent with the expectations from N-body simulations of the evolving mass distribution. This indicates there is little change in the mean linear or non-linear biasing of galaxies from z∼0 to ∼1, and hence appears to favour luminosity evolution for galaxies over ‘transient starburst dwarf’ models, and supports the interpretation of the stable galaxy clustering as evidence for a low-ω universe.
Electrophysiological Correlates of Strategic Monitoring in Event-Based and Time-Based Prospective Memory

Prospective memory (PM) is the ability to remember to accomplish an action when a particular event occurs (i.e., event-based PM), or at a specific time (i.e., time-based PM) while performing an ongoing activity. Strategic Monitoring is one of the basic cognitive functions supporting PM tasks, and involves two mechanisms: a retrieval mode, which consists of maintaining active the intention in memory; and target checking, engaged for verifying the presence of the PM cue in the environment. The present study is aimed at providing the first evidence of event-related potentials (ERPs) associated with time-based PM, and at examining differences and commonalities in the ERPs related to Strategic Monitoring mechanisms between event- and time-based PM tasks. The addition of an event-based or a time-based PM task to an ongoing activity led to a similar sustained positive modulation of the ERPs in the ongoing trials, mainly expressed over prefrontal and frontal regions. This modulation might index the retrieval mode mechanism, similarly engaged in the two PM tasks. On the other hand, two further ERP modulations were shown specifically in an event-based PM task. An increased positivity was shown at 400–600 ms post-stimulus over occipital and parietal regions, and might be related to target checking. Moreover, an early modulation at 130–180 ms post-stimulus seems to reflect the recruitment of attentional resources for being ready to respond to the event-based PM cue. This latter modulation suggests the existence of a third mechanism specific for the event-based PM; that is, the “readiness mode”.
Incremental robot mapping with fingerprints of places

Even today, robot mapping is one of the biggest challenges in mobile robotics. Geometric or topological maps can be used by a robot to navigate in the environment. Automatic creation of such maps is still problematic if the robot tries to map large environments. This paper presents a new method for incremental mapping using fingerprints of places. This type of representation permits a reliable, compact, and distinctive environment-modeling and makes navigation and localization easier for the robot. Experimental results for incremental mapping using a mobile robot equipped with a multi-sensor system composed of two 180/spl deg/ laser range finders and an omni-directional camera are also reported.
A meta-analysis of the diagnostic performance of the direct agglutination test and rK39 dipstick for visceral leishmaniasis

Abstract Objective To compare the performance of the direct agglutination test and rK39 dipstick for the diagnosis of visceral leishmaniasis. Data sources Medline, citation tracking, January 1986 to December 2004. Selection criteria Original studies evaluating the direct agglutination test or the rK39 dipstick with clinical visceral leishmaniasis as target condition; adequate reference classification; and absolute numbers of true positive, true negative, false positive, and false negative observations available or derivable from the data presented. Results 30 studies evaluating the direct agglutination test and 13 studies evaluating the rK39 dipstick met the inclusion criteria. The combined sensitivity estimates of the direct agglutination test and the rK39 dipstick were 94.8% (95% confidence interval 92.7% to 96.4%) and 93.9% (87.7% to 97.1%), respectively. Sensitivity seemed higher and more homogenous in the studies carried out in South Asia. Specificity estimates were influenced by the type of controls. In phase III studies carried out on patients with clinically suspected disease, the estimated specificity of the direct agglutination test was 85.9% (72.3% to 93.4%) and of the rK39 dipstick was 90.6% (66.8% to 97.9%). Conclusion The diagnostic performance of the direct agglutination test and the rK39 dipstick for visceral leishmaniasis is good to excellent and seem comparable.
Nonobviousness and the Incentive to Innovate: An Economic Analysis of Intellectual Property Reform

U.S. patent law protects only inventions that are nontrivial advances of the prior art. The legal requirement is called nonobviousness. During the 1980s, the courts relaxed the nonobviousness requirement for all inventions, and a new form of intellectual property, with a weaker nonobviousness requirement, was created for semiconductor designs. Supporters of these changes argue that a less stringent nonobviousness requirement encourages private research and development (R&D) by increasing the probability that the resulting discoveries will be protected from imitation. This paper demonstrates that relaxing the standard of nonobviousness creates a tradeoff--raising the probability of obtaining a patent, but decreasing its value. The author shows that weaker nonobviousness requirements can lead to less R&D activity, and this is more likely to occur in industries that rapidly innovate.
The 482Ser of PPARGC1A and 12Pro of PPARG2 Alleles Are Associated with Reduction of Metabolic Risk Factors Even Obesity in a Mexican-Mestizo Population

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between functional polymorphisms Gly482Ser in PPARGC1A and Pro12Ala in PPARG2 with the presence of obesity and metabolic risk factors. We included 375 individuals characterized as Mexican-Mestizos and classified by the body mass index (BMI). Body dimensions and distribution of body fat were measured. The HOMA-IR and adiposity indexes were calculated. Adipokines and metabolic profile quantification were performed by ELISA and routine methods. Genetic polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. A difference between obese and nonobese subjects in polymorphism PPARGC1A distribution was observed. Among obese individuals, carriers of genotype 482Gly/Gly were observed to have decreased body fat, BMI, and body fat ratio versus 482Ser/Ser carriers and increased resistin and leptin levels in carriers Gly+ phenotype versus Gly− phenotype. Subjects with PPARG2 Ala− phenotype (genotype 12Pro/Pro) showed a decreased HOMA-IR index versus individuals with Ala+ phenotype (genotypes 12Pro/Ala plus 12Ala/Ala). We propose that, in obese Mexican-Mestizos, the combination of alleles 482Ser in PPARGC1A and 12Pro in PPARG2 represents a reduced metabolic risk profile, even when the adiposity indexes are increased.
Variable duration movement encoding with minimal intervention control

Programming by Demonstration (PbD) offers a user-friendly way to transfer skills from human to robot. Typically, demonstration data do not contain the control inputs required to reproduce the demonstrated skill. These can be obtained from a low-level controller that tracks the modeled movement. We present a PbD approach for minimal intervention control - a control strategy that only corrects perturbations that interfere with task performance. The novelty of our approach is the probabilistic encoding of the movement duration, providing a performance measure that enables minimal intervention control in a temporal sense. This is achieved by combining a probabilistic movement encoding based on Hidden Semi-Markov Model (HSMM) with Model Predictive Control (MPC). The probabilistic model is used to construct an objective function, hereby assuming that variance is a measure for task performance. The proposed method is demonstrated in a robot experiment and compared with our earlier work.
Classifier fusion for multisensor image recognition

Classifier fusion approaches are receiving increasing attention for their capability of improving classification performances. At present, the usual operation mechanism for classifier fusion is the “combination” of classifier outputs. Improvements in performances are related to the degree of “error diversity” among combined classifiers. Unfortunately, in remote-sensing image recognition applications, it may be difficult to design an ensemble that exhibit an high degree of error diversity. Recently, some researchers have pointed out the potentialities of “dynamic classifier selection” (DCS) as an alternative operation mechanism. DCS techniques are based on a function that selects the most appropriate classifier for each input pattern. The assumption of uncorrelated errors is not necessary for DCS because an “optimal” classifier selector always selects the most appropriate classifier for each test pattern. The potentialities of DCS have been motivated so far by experimental results on ensemble of classifiers trained using the same feature set. In this paper, we present an approach to multisensor remote-sensing image classification based on DCS. A selection function is presented aimed at choosing among classifiers created using different feature sets. The experimental results obtained in the classification of remote-sensing images and comparisons with different combination methods are reported.
Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance and Management: ISI journal and proceeding citations, and research issues from most-cited papers

This paper analyses the citations from Intelligent Systems in Accounting, Finance and Management that have occurred in ISI’s Web of Knowledge in February 2010. I found roughly 1000 citations to the journal under 10 different journal name abbreviations, with roughly 25% of the citations occurring during 2008–2009, associated with 27 of the more frequently cited papers. Using that citation data, the H-index and the 40 (42 with ties) mostcited papers are presented. I found that ISI’s new proceedings data appear to have a different citation pattern than ISI’s journal citation data, resulting in citations to more sources, but fewer citations per source. I also examine the research methodologies and applications of the most-cited papers in an attempt to determine what areas have been cited most and where there are potential gaps in the research. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Analyses of an agile methodology implementation

In the last few years agile methodologies appeared as a reaction to traditional ways of developing software and acknowledge the need for an alternative to documentation driven, heavyweight software development processes. This paper shortly presents an agile approach for software development of e-business applications. The approach, named eXPERT, is applicable to small teams developing projects characterised by often changing requirements, tight schedules, and high quality demands. The present article describes a case study about eXPERT approach implementation at software developing company. Experiment results based on preliminary defined series of metrics are presented and analyzed.
Role of personality and affect on the social support and work family con fl ict relationship T . T . (

Article history: Received 2 December 2015 Received in revised form 3 February 2016 Accepted 3 February 2016 Available online xxxx The relationship between support and work family conflict has been studied extensively, but previous studies have not examined if personality moderates this relationship. In this research, we examine the moderating influence of personality on the relationship between contextual support and work-family conflict across two studies. In Study 1, we examine if core self-evaluations (CSE) moderate the relationship between four different types of workplace support, 1. family friendly work policies (FFOP), 2. family supportive organizational climate (FSOC), 3. perceived organizational support (POS), and 4. perceived supervisor support (PSS), and work interfering with family conflict (WIF) using a sample of working adults (N=435). In Study 2, we examine if Big Five personality traits and negative affect moderate the relationship between co-worker support and (WIF) using a large national sample (N=1130) of working respondents from the “midlife in the US” (MIDUS) study of health and well-being. Taken together, the current research examines the moderating effect of several key personality variables on the relationship between important forms of social support and work family conflict. Results based on these two samples indicate CSE moderates the relationship between POS and WIF, and PSS and WIF, but does not moderate the relationship between FFOP and WIF, or FSOC and WIF. Further, conscientiousness and agreeableness moderate the relationship between co-worker support and WIF. Co-worker support and WIF is stronger for individuals with higher levels of negative affect. We discuss the implications for research and practice relating to work family conflict. © 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Performance Effects of Information Technology Synergies in Multibusiness Firms

Unlike technologies that are applicable in a few specific industries, information technologies have a wide range of applicability across almost all industries. The fundamental principles of good IT management are also applicable in many industries. Thus, firms whose business units operate in different industries have an opportunity to exploit cross-unit IT synergies by applying their IT resources and management processes across multiple units. This study examines sources of cross-unit IT synergy and the conditions under which cross-unit IT synergies improve the performance of multibusiness firms. Building on the resource-based view of diversification and the economic theory of complementarities, the study identifies the relatedness and complementarity of IT resources as two major sources of cross-unit IT synergy. It argues that IT relatedness-the use of common IT infrastructure technologies and common IT management processes across business units-creates sub-additive cost synergies, whereas complementarities among IT infrastructure technologies and IT management processes create super-additive value synergies. In a sample of 356 multibusiness Fortune 1000 firms, the study finds that sub-additive cost synergies arising from the use of related IT resources or management processes do not have any effects on corporate performance, whereas the super-additive value synergies arising from the use of a complementary set of IT resources and management processes have significant effects on corporate performance. The diversification level of the firm moderates the relationship between IT synergies and corporate performance. As the diversification level increases, the performance effects of IT synergies remain positive, but they become weaker. The IT governance mode of the firm (centralized, decentralized, hybrid) does not make a difference in the performance effects of IT synergies.
Next Generation Intrusion Detection: Autonomous Reinforcement Learning of Network Attacks

The timely and accurate detection of computer and network system intrusions has always been an elusive goal for system administrators and information security researchers. Existing intrusion detection approaches require either manual coding of new attacks in expert systems or the complete retraining of a neural network to improve analysis or learn new attacks. This paper presents a new approach to applying adaptive neural networks to intrusion detection that is capable of autonomously learning new attacks rapidly through the use of a modified reinforcement learning method that uses feedback from the protected system. The approach has been demonstrated to be extremely effective in learning new attacks, detecting previously learned attacks in a network data stream, and in autonomously improving its analysis over time using feedback from the protected system.
Signal transduction pathways activated by the IL‐1 receptor family: ancient signaling machinery in mammals, insects, and plants

Interleukin‐1 (IL‐1) is a central regulator of the immune and inflammatory responses. Recently, significant advances have been made in the area of IL‐1 receptors and IL‐1 signal transduction. A family of proteins has been described that share significant homology in their signaling domains with the Type I IL‐1 receptor (IL‐1RI). These include the IL‐1 receptor accessory protein (IL‐1AcP), which does not bind IL‐1 but is essential for IL‐1 signaling; a Drosophila protein Toll; a number of human Toll‐like receptors (hTLRs); the putative IL‐18/IL‐1‐γ receptor IL‐1Rrp (IL‐1 receptor‐related protein); and a number of plant proteins. All appear to be involved in host responses to injury and infection. These homologies also extend to novel signaling proteins implicated in IL‐1 action. Two IL‐1 receptor‐associated kinases, IRAK‐1 and IRAK‐2, which have homologs in Drosophila (Pelle) and plants (Pto), have been implicated in the activation of the transcription factor, nuclear factor κB (NF‐κB). IRAK‐1 has also been implicated in AP1 induction, Jun amino‐terminal kinase (JNK) activation, and IL‐2 induction. It recruits the adapter protein TRAF6 to the IL‐1 receptor complex via an interaction with IL‐1AcP. TRAF6 then relays the signal via NF‐κB‐inducing kinase (NIK) to two I‐κB kinases (IKK‐1 and ‐2), leading to NF‐κB activation. Progress has also been made on other IL‐1‐responsive kinases, including JNK and p38 MAP kinase, with the latter having a role in multiple responses to IL‐1. The remarkable conservation between diverse species indicates that the IL‐1 system represents an ancient signaling machine critical for responses to environmental stresses and attack by pathogens. J. Leukoc. Biol. 63: 650–657; 1998.
New Reliability and Validity Evidence of the Emotional Intelligence Scale

Emotional Intelligence Scale (EIS) is a popular EI measure. Yet, it has been criticized for an unclear factor structure, and its psychometric properties were mainly examined in the Western context. This study was to evaluate its psychometric properties based on 1,724 Hong Kong undergraduate students, including its (a) factor structure, (b) internal consistency, and (c) criterion validity. We compared different factor structures reported in the literature. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) results supported a six-factor structure, which is tallied with Salovey and Mayer’s EI conceptualization. A multigroup CFA also rendered the structure as gender invariant. The scale was internally consistent with high McDonald’s omega coefficients. Significant association between EI and grade point average (GPA) was revealed in the faculties with people-oriented studies. Furthermore, EI was correlated with social, cognitive, and self-growth outcomes and satisfaction of university experience. The study contributes to clarify the factor structure and provides new reliability and validity evidence of the EIS in the Eastern context.
Integrated Preattentive Processing of Vowel and Pitch

This study examines the additivity of the Mismatch Negativity (MMN) as an index of the early interactions between vowels and pitch when sung. Event‐related potentials (ERPs) were recorded while participants were presented with sung vowels. Sixteen percent of stimuli deviated in pitch only, in vowel only, or in both pitch and vowel. All three kinds of deviants elicited an MMN of similar amplitude. The MMNs to vowel and pitch deviants did not show significant additivity. This suggests that vowel and pitch are processed by shared neural substrates at the preattentive level.
Credit Market Frictions and Capital Structure Dynamics

We study the implications of credit market frictions for the dynamics of corporate capital structure and the risk of default of corporations. To do so, we develop a dynamic capital structure model in which firms face uncertainty regarding their ability to raise funds in credit markets and have to search for investors when seeking to adjust their capital structure. We provide a general analysis of shareholders' dynamic financing and default decisions, show when Markov perfect equilibria in financing and default barrier strategies exist, and when uniqueness can be achieved. We then use the model to generate a number of novel testable implications relating credit market frictions to target leverage, the pace and size of capital structure changes, creditor turnover, and the likelihood of default.
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