Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An Interpretable Knowledge Transfer Model for Knowledge Base Completion

Knowledge bases are important resources for a variety of natural language processing tasks but suffer from incompleteness. We propose a novel embedding model, ITransF, to perform knowledge base completion. Equipped with a sparse attention mechanism, ITransF discovers hidden concepts of relations and transfer statistical strength through the sharing of concepts. Moreover, the learned associations between relations and concepts, which are represented by sparse attention vectors, can be interpreted easily. We evaluate ITransF on two benchmark datasets—WN18 and FB15k for knowledge base completion and obtains improvements on both the mean rank and Hits@10 metrics, over all baselines that do not use additional information.
Do polymorphic variants of chromosomes affect the outcome of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer treatment?

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of chromosomal polymorphic variations on the outcome of IVF and embryo transfer (IVF–embryo transfer) treatment for infertile couples. METHODS During the period from October 2006 to December 2009, 1978 infertile couples who had received their first IVF–embryo transfer treatment cycle in our hospital were selected for this retrospective study, and the frequency of chromosomal polymorphic variations was calculated. From these, 1671 couples were selected and divided into three groups: 1402 couples with normal chromosomes (Group 1/control group), 82 couples with chromosomal polymorphic variations in only females (Group 2) and 187 couples with chromosomal polymorphic variations in only males (Group 3). The clinical pregnancy rates (CPR), early miscarriage rates and ongoing pregnancy rates after IVF–embryo transfer treatment were compared. RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences among the three groups in implantation rates (29.37% in the control group, 29.70% in Group 2 and 31.41% in Group 3, P > 0.05) and CPR (45.86, 46.34 and 51.87%, respectively, P > 0.05). Although there was a trend toward higher first trimester pregnancy loss rates in Group 3 (male chromosomal polymorphic variations), but not in Group 2, compared with normal karyotype couples (10.31 versus 6.84%), the difference did not reach significance (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Chromosomal polymorphic variations appear to have no adverse effects on the outcome of IVF–embryo transfer treatment.
Bioprospecting Suitability of Selected Basidiomycetes for Biocoloration and Bioremediation Potential

xi CHAPTER ONE . 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION . 1 1.1 Background information . 1 1.2. Problem statement and justification . 2 1.3. General objective . 3 1.4. Specific objectives . 4 1.5. Hypothesis. 4 CHAPTER TWO . 5 2.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURE . 5 2.1. Organic substrates . 5 2.2 Phenological Distribution of Bioactive molecules . 5
Point Mutations in Either Subunit of the GABAB Receptor Confer Constitutive Activity to the Heterodimer

The GABA receptor (GABABR) is a class C G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that functions as an obligate heterodimer, composed of two heptahelical subunits, GABABR subunit 1 (R1) and GABABR subunit 2 (R2). In this study, we generated and pharmacologically characterized constitutively active GABABR mutants as novel tools to explore the molecular mechanisms underlying receptor function. A single amino acid substitution, T290K, in the R1 agonist binding domain results in ligand-independent signaling when this mutant subunit is coexpressed with wild-type R2. Introduction of a Y690V mutation in the putative G protein-coupling domain of R2 is sufficient to confer moderate constitutive activity when this subunit is expressed alone. Activity of the Y690V mutant can be markedly enhanced with coexpression of wild-type R1. Coexpression of both mutant subunits (R1-T290K and R2-Y690K) leads to a further increase in basal signaling. Potencies of the full agonists R-(+)-β-(aminomethyl)-4-chlorobenzenepropanoic acid hydrochloride (baclofen) and GABA are increased at the constitutively active versus the corresponding wild-type receptors. The mutant GABABR variants provided a sensitive probe enabling detection of inverse or partial agonist activity of molecules previously considered neutral antagonists. Our studies using constitutively active isoforms provide independent support for a model of GABABR function that takes into account 1) ligand binding by R1, 2) signal transduction by R2, and 3) modulation of R2-induced function by R1. Furthermore, we demonstrate that certain hallmark features of constitutive activity as originally established with class A GPCRs (e.g., enhanced agonist potency and affinity), are more generally applicable, as suggested by our finding with a class C heterodimeric receptor.
Risk factors for teenage pregnancies in Sri Lanka

Background:Teenage pregnancies are associated with negative obstetric, foetal outcomes and social consequences. Aim: The present study aimed at identifying risk factors for teenage pregnancies. Methods and material:This was a community based comparative study conducted in three districts of Colombo, Anuradhapura and Batticaloa in Sri Lanka. For each of the 510 pregnant teenagers, 508 age matched non-pregnant females were identified from the neighbourhood. Information related to individual level, family level and societal level risk factors were collected by trained interviewers using a structured pre-tested. Risk factors were assessed in univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Tamil (OR=3.31) and Muslim (OR=1.92) ethnicity were predictors of teenage pregnancy. Lower level of formal education (OR=1.95) and lack of knowledge on disadvantages of teenage pregnancies (OR=3.79), less support from the teachers (OR=3.47) and lack of strictness in family (OR=2.01) have also contributed to teenage pregnancy. Teenagers with a higher confidence in decision making (OR=2.11) were also at risk of becoming pregnant. Conclusions: Most of the risk factors identified were modifiable and preventive interventions are suggested.
Comparison of methods for deriving atomic charges from the electrostatic potential and moments

Four methods for deriving partial atomic charges from the quantum chemical electrostatic potential (CHELP, CHELPG, Merz‐Kollman, and RESP) have been compared and critically evaluated. It is shown the charges strongly depend on how and where the potential points are selected. Two alternative methods are suggested to avoid the arbitrariness in the point‐selection schemes and van der Waals exclusion radii: CHELP‐BOW, which also estimates the charges from the electrostatic potential, but with potential points that are Boltzmann‐weighted after their occurrence in actual simulations using the energy function of the program in which the charges will be used, and CHELMO, which estimates the charges directly from the electrostatic multipole moments. Different criteria for the quality of the charges are discussed. The CHELMO method gives the best multipole moments for small and medium‐sized polar systems, whereas the CHELP‐BOW charges reproduce best the total interaction energy in actual simulations. Among the standard methods, the Merz‐Kollman charges give the best moments and potentials, but they show an appreciable dependence on the orientation of the molecule.
Enabling differentiated services using generalized power control model in optical networks

This paper considers a generalized framework to study OSNR optimization-based end-to-end link level power control problems in optical networks. We combine favorable features of game-theoretical approach and central cost approach to allow different service groups within the network. We develop solutions concepts for both cases of empty and nonempty feasible sets. In addition, we derive and prove the convergence of a distributed iterative algorithm for different classes of users. In the end, we use numerical examples to illustrate the novel framework.
Not so colourful after all: eggshell pigments constrain avian eggshell colour space

Birds' eggshells are renowned for their striking colours and varied patterns. Although often considered exceptionally diverse, we report that avian eggshell coloration, sampled here across the full phylogenetic diversity of birds, occupies only 0.08–0.10% of the avian perceivable colour space. The concentrations of the two known tetrapyrrole eggshell pigments (protoporphyrin and biliverdin) are generally poor predictors of colour, both intra- and interspecifically. Here, we show that the constrained diversity of eggshell coloration can be accurately predicted by colour mixing models based on the relative contribution of both pigments and we demonstrate that the models' predictions can be improved by accounting for the reflectance of the eggshell's calcium carbonate matrix. The establishment of these proximate links between pigmentation and colour will enable future tests of hypotheses on the functions of perceived avian eggshell colours that depend on eggshell chemistry. More generally, colour mixing models are not limited to avian eggshell colours but apply to any natural colour. Our approach illustrates how modelling can aid the understanding of constraints on phenotypic diversity.
What Triggers Social Responses to Flattering Computers? Experimental Tests of Anthropomorphism and Mindlessness Explanations

The present research evaluated two explanations for the computers are social actors (CASA) paradigm: anthropomorphism and mindlessness. Using flattery effects as an example of social responses, two experiments examined how humanlikeness of the interface, individuals’ rationality, and cognitive busyness moderate the extent to which people apply social attributes to computers. In Experiment 1, anthropomorphic cartoon characters elicited more positive overall evaluations of the computer, but they significantly reduced low rationals’ self-confidence, suggesting social facilitation effects. Moreover, low rationals were less likely to accept the computer’s suggestions when flattered, whereas high rationals showed no corresponding tendency. In Experiment 2, although participants attributed greater social attractiveness to the flattering than generic-comment computer, they became more suspicious about the validity of its claims and more likely to dismiss its answer. Such negative effects, however, disappeared when they simultaneously engaged in a secondary task. Theoretical implications for CASA are discussed.
Constructing Biological Pathways by a Two-Step Counting Approach

Networks are widely used in biology to represent the relationships between genes and gene functions. In Boolean biological models, it is mainly assumed that there are two states to represent a gene: on-state and off-state. It is typically assumed that the relationship between two genes can be characterized by two kinds of pairwise relationships: similarity and prerequisite. Many approaches have been proposed in the literature to reconstruct biological relationships. In this article, we propose a two-step method to reconstruct the biological pathway when the binary array data have measurement error. For a pair of genes in a sample, the first step of this approach is to assign counting numbers for every relationship and select the relationship with counting number greater than a threshold. The second step is to calculate the asymptotic p-values for hypotheses of possible relationships and select relationships with a large p-value. This new method has the advantages of easy calculation for the counting numbers and simple closed forms for the p-value. The simulation study and real data example show that the two-step counting method can accurately reconstruct the biological pathway and outperform the existing methods. Compared with the other existing methods, this two-step method can provide a more accurate and efficient alternative approach for reconstructing the biological network.
Rhesus Macaque B-Cell Responses to an HIV-1 Trimer Vaccine Revealed by Unbiased Longitudinal Repertoire Analysis

ABSTRACT Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has been used to investigate the diversity and maturation of broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) in HIV-1-infected individuals. However, the application of NGS to the preclinical assessment of human vaccines, particularly the monitoring of vaccine-induced B-cell responses in a nonhuman primate (NHP) model, has not been reported. Here, we present a longitudinal NGS analysis of memory B-cell responses to an HIV-1 trimer vaccine in a macaque that has been extensively studied by single B-cell sorting and antibody characterization. We first established an NHP antibodyomics pipeline using the available 454 pyrosequencing data from this macaque and developed a protocol to sequence the NHP antibody repertoire in an unbiased manner. Using these methods, we then analyzed memory B-cell repertoires at four time points of NHP immunization and traced the lineages of seven CD4-binding site (CD4bs)-directed monoclonal antibodies previously isolated from this macaque. Longitudinal analysis revealed distinct patterns of B-cell lineage development in response to an HIV-1 trimer vaccine. While the temporal B-cell repertoire profiles and lineage patterns provide a baseline for comparison with forthcoming HIV-1 trimer vaccines, the newly developed NHP antibody NGS technologies and antibodyomics tools will facilitate future evaluation of human vaccine candidates. IMPORTANCE The nonhuman primate model has been widely used in the preclinical assessment of human vaccines. Next-generation sequencing of B-cell repertoires provides a quantitative tool to analyze B-cell responses to a vaccine. In this study, the longitudinal B-cell repertoire analysis of a rhesus macaque immunized with an HIV-1 trimer vaccine revealed complex B-cell lineage patterns and showed the potential to facilitate the evaluation of future HIV-1 vaccines. The repertoire sequencing technologies and antibodyomics methods reported here can be extended to vaccine development for other human pathogens utilizing the nonhuman primate model. The nonhuman primate model has been widely used in the preclinical assessment of human vaccines. Next-generation sequencing of B-cell repertoires provides a quantitative tool to analyze B-cell responses to a vaccine. In this study, the longitudinal B-cell repertoire analysis of a rhesus macaque immunized with an HIV-1 trimer vaccine revealed complex B-cell lineage patterns and showed the potential to facilitate the evaluation of future HIV-1 vaccines. The repertoire sequencing technologies and antibodyomics methods reported here can be extended to vaccine development for other human pathogens utilizing the nonhuman primate model.
Bayesian estimation of input parameters of a nitrogen cycle model applied to a forested reference watershed, Hubbard Brook Watershed Six

We present a Bayesian parameter estimation technique for improving estimates of simulation model input parameters and apply the technique to the nitrogen cycle model SINIC, which has been used to simulate the streamflow and streamflow nitrate flux at Hubbard Brook Watershed 6, New Hampshire, during the 1964–1994 period. Uncertainty in initial estimates of model input parameters was incorporated by replacing each estimate with a probability distribution of values, or “prior” distribution, usually centered at the initial estimate and having a large variance. These prior distributions were then “updated” by incorporating available data on model output variables, producing a “posterior” probability distribution of parameter values. Several key parameters used for calculating the N mineralization rate were identified as controlling the predicted nitrate export from this watershed. The level of uncertainty in these parameters was substantially reduced by incorporating the observations on streamflow and streamflow nitrate flux. The posterior distribution of predicted yearly streamflow nitrate flux shifted from year to year, with relatively large uncertainties in years with high streamflow nitrate flux.
Cold-Inducible RNA-Binding Protein Modulates Circadian Gene Expression Posttranscriptionally

Transcription Around the Clock The biological clock that controls daily rhythms in mammalian physiology and behavior is thought to be regulated in large part by transcriptional events (see the Perspective by Doherty and Kay). Koike et al. (p. 349; published online 30 August) produced a comprehensive analysis of these transcriptional events across the entire mouse liver genome over a 24-hour period. Only ∼22% of cycling messenger RNA transcripts were driven by de novo transcription, suggesting that posttranscriptional events also play an important regulatory role in the mammalian clock. Biological timing in organisms can also respond to rhythmic cues from the environment. Morf et al. (p. 379, published online 23 August) explored how one such cue, cycles in ambient temperature, influence circadian timing in mammalian cells. Cold-inducible RNA–binding protein (CIRP) accumulates when body temperature is low. A systematic search for binding partners of CIRP identified RNA encoding core components of the circadian clock. Loss of CIRP decreased the amplitude of circadian gene expression and cells lacking CIRP adapted more quickly to temperature cycles. An RNA-binding protein whose cyclic accumulation is regulated by body temperature confers robustness to circadian oscillators. In mammalian tissues, circadian gene expression can be driven by local oscillators or systemic signals controlled by the master pacemaker in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. We show that simulated body temperature cycles, but not peripheral oscillators, controlled the rhythmic expression of cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRP) in cultured fibroblasts. In turn, loss-of-function experiments indicated that CIRP was required for high-amplitude circadian gene expression. The transcriptome-wide identification of CIRP-bound RNAs by a biotin-streptavidin–based cross-linking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP) procedure revealed several transcripts encoding circadian oscillator proteins, including CLOCK. Moreover, CLOCK accumulation was strongly reduced in CIRP-depleted fibroblasts. Because ectopic expression of CLOCK improved circadian gene expression in these cells, we surmise that CIRP confers robustness to circadian oscillators through regulation of CLOCK expression.
Worldwide CATDAT Damaging Earthquakes Database in conjunction with Earthquake-report.com -- Presenting Past and Present Socio-Economic Earthquake Data, Paper No. 2025

in conjunction with Earthquake-report.com Presenting Past and Present Socio-Economic Earthquake Data Blank line 11 pt Blank line 11 pt J.E. Daniell General Sir John Monash Foundation, Melbourne, Australia Blank Line 9 pt J.E. Daniell & A. Vervaeck SOS Earthquakes earthquake-report.com, Mechelen, Belgium Blank Line 9 pt J.E. Daniell & B. Khazai & F. Wenzel Center for Disaster Management and Risk Reduction Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany Blank line 11 pt Blank line 11 pt SUMMARY:
A computing approach to agent bidding in continuous double auction

The real-world continuous double auction CDA market is a dynamic environment. However, most of the existing agent bidding strategies are simply designed for static markets. A new detecting method for bidding strategy is necessary for more practical simulations and applications. In this paper, we present a novel agent-based computing approach called the GDX Plus GDXP model. In the proposed model, trades are decided according to the market events in history combined with the forecast of market trends. The GDXP model employs a dynamic adjustment mechanism to make the bidding strategy adapt to the shocks in a dynamic environment. The experimental results of the comparison between GDXP and other typical models, with respect to both static and dynamic CDA markets, demonstrate the performance of the GDXP model.
A Bayesian Framework for Reinforcement Learning

The reinforcement learning problem can be decomposed into two parallel types of inference: (i) estimating the parameters of a model for the underlying process; (ii) determining behavior which maximizes return under the estimated model. Following Dearden, Friedman and Andre (1999), it is proposed that the learning process estimates online the full posterior distribution over models. To determine behavior, a hypothesis is sampled from this distribution and the greedy policy with respect to the hypothesis is obtained by dynamic programming. By using a different hypothesis for each trial appropriate exploratory and exploitative behavior is obtained. This Bayesian method always converges to the optimal policy for a stationary process with discrete states.
REFLECTANCE COMPARISON BETWEEN SCIAMACHY AND MERIS

In this work we present a comparison of the current SCIAMACHY and MERIS reflectance calibrations at wavelengths between 442 and 885 nm. For that purpose we, firstly , locate all the SCIAMACHY pixels within a given MERIS image and, secondly, we calculate the median and standard deviation of all the MERIS pixels ( 1000) within each SCIAMACHY pixel. Results show that SCIAMACHY underestimates the reflectance by 13% at 442 nm reaching up to 21% at 885 nm as compared to MERIS.
Novel compounds in the treatment of lung cancer: current and developing therapeutic agents

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States. Though incremental advances have been made in the treatment of this devastating disease during the past decade, new therapies are urgently needed. Traditional cytotoxic agents have been combined with other modalities with improved survival for early-stage patients. Newer cytotoxic agents targeting the same or different mechanisms have been developed at different stages. Optimization of various chemotherapy regimens in different settings is one of the aims of current clinical trials. Some predictive biomarkers (eg, excision repair cross-complementing 1, ERCC1) and histotypes (eg, adenocarcinoma) are found to be associated with resistance/response to some cytotoxic drugs. Another notable advance is the addition of targeted therapy to lung cancer treatment. Targeted agents such as erlotinib and bevacizumab have demonstrated clinical benefits and gained Food and Drug Administration approval for lung cancer. More agents targeting various signaling pathways critical to lung cancer are at different stages of development. Along with the effort of new targeted drug discovery, biomarkers such as epidermal growth factor receptor and anaplastic lymphoma kinase mutations have proven useful for patient selection, and more predictive biomarkers have been actively evaluated in non-small cell lung cancer. The paradigm of lung cancer treatment has shifted towards biomarker-based personalized medicine.
Suicide attempt with acetonitrile ingestion in a nursing mother

Abstract Context: Acetonitrile (ACN) is a solvent rapidly absorbed through lungs and intestinal tract, and is slowly metabolized to cyanide (CN) by enzymatic processes mediated by CYP2E1. Objective: To describe the clinical and laboratory evolution, ACN elimination half-life, and its presence in breast milk in a nursing mother who attempted suicide. Case details: A 25-year-old 2-month nursing mother ingested an estimated dose of 2.1 g/kg of ACN. Blood and urine samples were collected 24 h later for ACN, CN and thiocyanate analysis, and 12.5 g sodium thiosulfate i.v. in 1-h infusion was started and repeated every 24 h for 4 days. ACN results showed 200 mg/L in blood and 235 mg/L in urine. ACN analysis in the breast milk at Day 6 showed level of 21 mg/L compared to 27 mg/L in blood collected at the same time, suggesting a possible relationship of 1.3:1.0 ratio. An elimination half-life of 40.4 h was calculated, compared to 32 and 36 h showed in other studies. Discussion: The clinical management must involve the use of CN antidotes for more than 24 h depending on the symptoms and blood levels of ACN. Furthermore, our data showed the possible existence of a close relationship between plasma and breast milk levels.