Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
An assessment of professionalism on students’ Facebook profiles

Abstract Introduction With the advent of social media, healthcare professionals not only need to be conscious of professionalism in their face‐to‐face interactions but also in the electronic environment. The aim of this study was to assess the level of online professionalism on Facebook profiles available for public viewing of students from a dental school. Materials and methods A search was performed via a new Facebook account of all students in the University Dental School (dental hygiene, dental nursing, dental science and dental technology). Profiles were categorised as ‘private’ or ‘public’. Demographic details and photographs/comments of unprofessional behaviour were recorded for each individual Facebook profile. Each profile was subsequently scored with regard to professionalism based on a previously published score. Results There are a total of 287 students in the dental school. Of these, 62% (n = 177) had a Facebook account. Three per cent (n = 6) had a public account (fully accessible) whilst 97% (n = 171) had a private account (limited access); 36% (n = 63) of students mentioned the dental school/hospital on their profile; 34% (n = 60) had questionable content on their profile whilst 3% (n = 6) had definite violations of professionalism on their profile; and 25% (n = 44) had unprofessional photographs on their profile. Of those with unprofessional content, 52% (n = 23) of these had a documented affiliation with the dental school also visible on their profile. Conclusion There was a concerning level of unprofessional content visible on students’ Facebook profiles. Students need to be fully aware of their professional responsibility in the setting of social media.
What’s in a singer’s voice: The effect of attachment, emotions and trauma

Abstract Research shows that negative experiences in childhood have a long-lasting impact on one’s psychological outcomes and one’s physiology. The voice is a crucial means of expression, and its complex physiology is believed to be reflective of emotional and mental states. Parenting practices (particularly those contributing to insecure attachment) and traumatic experiences in childhood may thus also influence vocal characteristics. Except for literature on psychogenic voice disorders, the relationship between such experiences and the ‘normal’ voice is generally unexplored; we propose that a potential relationship is most likely to emerge in singers, for whom the voice is a more central part of their sense of self. In this paper, we test the hypothesis that vocal characteristics relate to attachment and trauma history. Study 1: 25 singers (age 18–35) completed an attachment history questionnaire (ECR-R) and the Singing Voice Handicap Index. Voice range profile and perturbation measures were recorded and analyzed for voice quality assessment. Study 2: 26 singers (age 19–33) completed the attachment history questionnaire, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory. They were also administered the Test of Self-Conscious Affect to assess shame and guilt proneness. Voice range profile, perturbation, and spectrogram measures were recorded and analyzed. The results indicated that anxious attachment, shame, and emotional neglect can predict vocal acoustic measures of intensity and, to some extent, perturbation. This suggests the need to address attachment, shame, and trauma history patterns in the aspiring performer.
On the mixed convection boundary-layer flow about a solid sphere with constant surface temperature

ت ـ ةقبطلا يذ طغضنملا ريغ جزللا بايسنلاا يف رقـتسملا طلتخملا لمحلا ةساردب ةقرولا هذه ىنع بايسنلااو دعاسملا بايسنلاا يتلاح نم لآ يف ةتباث ةرارح ةجرد تاذ ةتمصم ةرآ لوح ةیرادجلا سآاعملا . تساب ایددع ةهباشتملا ريغ ةیرادجلا ةقبطلا تلاداعم لح مت دقو ةددحملا قورفلا ةقیرط مادخ رليآ قودنص جذومن مساب ةفورعملا ةقدلا ةقئاف ) Keller Box ( . ميقل ةیددعلا جئاتنلا ىلع لوصحلا مت دقو فلـتخم ـ ـماعمل ة ـ محلا ل ـ لـتخملا لـ ـ ط (λ) ئامل ـ لـتدنارب يذ ع ٠٫٧ ) زاغ ( لـتدنارب مقر ، ٦٫٨ ) ءام . ( دعاسملا بايسنلاا نأ دجو دقو ) رفص < λ ( طعیو ، ةیرادجلا ةقبطلا لاصفنا لجؤی ـ ـ لاصفنلاا اذه ل ةيفاكلا ةجردلاب اـیوق دـعاسملا بايسنلاا ناآ ام اذإ امامت . سآاعملا باـيسنلاا نأ ةـساردلا ترهظأ امآ ) رفص < λ ( ةركلل يلفسلا نوكسلا ةطقن نم ابیرق هلعجیو ، لاصفنلاا لـ جعی . بايسنلاا ناآ اذإو ق سآاعملا ةركلا حطس ىلع نم ةیرادجلا ةقبطلا ءافتخا ىلإ يدؤی هنإف ایو . يف جئاتنلا دصر مت دقو ةقحلالا تاساردلا يف ةيبیرقتلا وأ ، ةيليلحتلا لولحلا ةنراقم ىنستی ىتح لوادج روص . ON THE MIXED CONVECTION BOUNDARY-LAYER FLOW ABOUT A SOLID SPHERE WITH CONSTANT SURFACE TEMPERATURE
Atemporal osseointegration: Early biomechanical stability through osseodensification

Osseointegration, the direct functional and structural connection between device and bone is influenced by multiple factors such as implant macrogeometry and surgical technique. This study investigated the effects of osseodensification drilling techniques on implant stability and osseointegration using trabecular metal (TM) and tapered‐screw vent (TSV) implants in a low‐density bone. Six skeletally mature sheep were used where six osteotomy sites were prepared in each of the ilia, (n = 2/technique: Regular [R] (subtractive), clockwise [CW], and counterclockwise [CCW]). One TM and one TSV implant was subsequently placed with R osteotomy sites prepared using a conventional (subtractive) drilling protocol as recommended by the implant manufacturer for low density bone. CW and CCW drilling sites were subjected to osseodensification (OD) (additive) drilling. Evaluation of insertion torque as a function of drilling technique showed implants subjected to R drilling yielded a significant lower insertion torque relative to samples implanted in OD (CW/CCW) sites (p < 0.05). Histomorphometric analysis shows that the osseodensification demonstrates significantly greater values for bone‐to‐implant contact (BIC) and bone area fraction occupancy (BAFO). Histological analysis shows the presence of bone remnants, which acted as nucleating surfaces for osteoblastic bone deposition, facilitating the bridging of bone between the surrounding native bone and implant surface, as well as within the open spaces of the trabecular network in the TM implants. Devices that were implanted via OD demonstrated atemporal biomechanical stability and osseointegration. © 2018 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 36:2516–2523, 2018.
Life-event specificity: bipolar disorder compared with unipolar depression

Background Little is known about the impact of different types of stressful events (for example divorce v. bereavement) on unipolar depression compared with bipolar disorder. Inconsistencies exist concerning the association between independent events (beyond an individual's control, such as bereavement) and bipolar disorder. Aims To examine the role of specific, independent and dependent events in mood disorders. Method Life-event information was collected from 512 people with bipolar disorder, 1448 people with unipolar depression and over 600 controls. Results Various events were associated with unipolar depression and bipolar disorder, but some event specificity was detected. For example, financial crisis was more strongly related to bipolar disorder rather than unipolar depression. Independent events were only related to unipolar depression and not bipolar disorder. Conclusions The events that were linked to bipolar disorder and unipolar depression were similar. Independent events were not associated with bipolar episodes, suggesting that life stress may be a consequence of, rather than a trigger for, bipolar episodes.
Quantitative Genetics of Body Size and Timing of Maturation in Two Nine-Spined Stickleback (Pungitius pungitius) Populations

Due to its influence on body size, timing of maturation is an important life-history trait in ectotherms with indeterminate growth. Comparison of patterns of growth and maturation within and between two populations (giant vs. normal sized) of nine-spined sticklebacks (Pungitius pungitius) in a breeding experiment revealed that the difference in mean adult body size between the populations is caused by differences in timing of maturation, and not by differential growth rates. The fish in small-sized population matured earlier than those from large-sized population, and maturation was accompanied by a reduction in growth rate in the small-sized population. Males matured earlier and at smaller size than females, and the fish that were immature at the end of the experiment were larger than those that had already matured. Throughout the experimental period, body size in both populations was heritable (h2 = 0.10–0.64), as was the timing of maturation in the small-sized population (h2 = 0.13–0.16). There was a significant positive genetic correlation between body size and timing of maturation at 140 DAH, but not earlier (at 80 or 110 DAH). Comparison of observed body size divergence between the populations revealed that Q ST exceeded F ST at older ages, indicating adaptive basis for the observed divergence. Hence, the results suggest that the body size differences within and between populations reflect heritable genetic differences in the timing of maturation, and that the observed body size divergence is adaptive.
Tourist Attraction , Satisfaction , and Behavioral Intention of Industrial Tourist : Economic Factors as Moderator

This study examined the relationship between satisfaction and behavioral intention as they relate to tourist attractions in Taiwan. Structural equation modeling was conducted using data from 376 industrial tourists. The findings reveal that the only the effects of tourist attraction, but also satisfaction, on behavioral intention, are supported. Furthermore, economic factors play a moderating role in the satisfactionbehavioral intention model.
Regular Physical Exercise as a Strategy to Improve Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Status: Benefits in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Over the last 30 years the combination of both a sedentary lifestyle and excessive food availability has led to a significant increase in the prevalence of obesity and aggravation of rates of metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several lines of scientific evidence have been demonstrating that a low level of physical activity and decreased daily energy expenditure leads to the accumulation of visceral fat and, consequently, the activation of the oxidative stress/inflammation cascade, which underlies the development of insulin resistant T2DM and evolution of micro, and macrovascular complications. This paper focuses on the pathophysiological pathways associated with the involvement of oxidative stress and inflammation in the development of T2DM and the impact of regular physical exercise (training) as a natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory strategy to prevent evolution of T2DM and its serious complications.
Penicillin skin testing as an antimicrobial stewardship initiative.

PURPOSE An initiative to determine the effects of penicillin skin testing (PST) from an antimicrobial stewardship perspective is described. SUMMARY Penicillin allergy is one of the most frequently reported allergies; however, only about 10% of self-reports of penicillin allergy are accurate. Incorrect penicillin allergies are therefore a significant barrier to antimicrobial stewardship, with important clinical and economic implications, including increased antimicrobial resistance, an increased overall cost of care, increased length of stay, and, ultimately, increased mortality. As part of its antimicrobial stewardship program, a community health system launched a PST initiative in order to optimize therapy, reduce adverse events acquisition costs, and minimize development of antibiotic resistance. The PST program involves the use of a standardized protocol for the assessment of hypersensitivity to penicillin in patients with suspected penicillin allergy. Among 36 patients who completed the PST protocol during an eight-month period, all had a negative result; in 27 of those patients, a conversion of antimicrobial therapy to a penicillin or cephalosporin was implemented as a direct result of PST. CONCLUSION In patients with a self-reported penicillin allergy, PST led to a reduction in the use of carbapenems, aztreonam, vancomycin, and other broad-spectrum agents within a health system. A decrease in drug costs was documented in a sample of patients switched to a penicillin or a cephalosporin after PST.
Mitochondria-targeted small molecule SS31: a potential candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease

The objective of our study was to better understand the protective effects of the mitochondria-targeted tetra-peptide SS31 against amyloid beta (Aβ)-induced mitochondrial and synaptic toxicities in Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. Using intraperitoneal injections, we administered SS31 to an AD mouse model (APP) over a period of 6 weeks, beginning when the APP mice were 12 months of age. We studied their cortical tissues after SS31 treatment and determined that SS31 crosses the blood brain barrier and reaches mitochondrial sites of free radical production. We also determined: (1) plasma and brain levels of SS31, (2) mRNA levels and levels of mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis proteins and synaptic proteins, (3) soluble Aβ levels and immunoreactivity of mutant APP and Aβ levels and (4) mitochondrial function by measuring H2O2, lipid peroxidation, cytochrome c oxidase activity and mitochondrial ATP. We found reduced mRNA expression and reduced protein levels of fission genes, and increased levels of mitochondrial fusion, biogenesis and synaptic genes in SS31-treated APP mice relative to SS31-untreated APP mice. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed reduced full-length mutant APP and soluble/insoluble Aβ levels in the SS31-treated APP mice. Sandwich ELISA assays revealed significantly reduced soluble Aβ levels in the SS31-treated APP mice relative to the untreated APP mice. Mitochondrial function was maintained in the SS31-treated APP mice over the 6 weeks of SS31 treatment compared with mitochondrial function in the untreated APP mice. Our findings indicate that SS31 treatment reduces Aβ production, reduces mitochondrial dysfunction, maintains mitochondrial dynamics and enhances mitochondrial biogenesis and synaptic activity in APP mice; and that SS31 may confer protective effects against mitochondrial and synaptic toxicities in APP transgenic mice.
Generalized graphlet kernels for probabilistic inference in sparse graphs

Abstract Graph kernels for learning and inference on sparse graphs have been widely studied. However, the problem of designing robust kernel functions that can effectively compare graph neighborhoods in the presence of noisy and complex data remains less explored. Here we propose a novel graph-based kernel method referred to as an edit distance graphlet kernel. The method was designed to add flexibility in capturing similarities between local graph neighborhoods as a means of probabilistically annotating vertices in sparse and labeled graphs. We report experiments on nine real-life data sets from molecular biology and social sciences and provide evidence that the new kernels perform favorably compared to established approaches. However, when both performance accuracy and run time are considered, we suggest that edit distance kernels are best suited for inference on graphs derived from protein structures. Finally, we demonstrate that the new approach facilitates simple and principled ways of integrating domain knowledge into classification and point out that our methodology extends beyond classification; e.g. to applications such as kernel-based clustering of graphs or approximate motif finding. Availability: www.sourceforge. net/projects/graphletkernels/
Extending the Aerolysin Family: From Bacteria to Vertebrates

A number of bacterial virulence factors have been observed to adopt structures similar to that of aerolysin, the principal toxin of Aeromonas species. However, a comprehensive description of architecture and structure of the aerolysin-like superfamily has not been determined. In this study, we define a more compact aerolysin-like domain – or aerolysin fold – and show that this domain is far more widely spread than anticipated since it can be found throughout kingdoms. The aerolysin-fold could be found in very diverse domain and functional contexts, although a toxic function could often be assigned. Due to this diversity, the borders of the superfamily could not be set on a sequence level. As a border-defining member, we therefore chose pXO2-60 – a protein from the pathogenic pXO2 plasmid of Bacillus anthracis. This fascinating protein, which harbors a unique ubiquitin-like fold domain at the C-terminus of the aerolysin-domain, nicely illustrates the diversity of the superfamily. Its putative role in the virulence of B. anthracis and its three dimensional model are discussed.
Differential Detection of Potentially Hazardous Fusarium Species in Wheat Grains by an Electronic Nose

Fungal infestation on wheat is an increasingly grave nutritional problem in many countries worldwide. Fusarium species are especially harmful pathogens due to their toxic metabolites. In this work we studied volatile compounds released by F. cerealis, F. graminearum, F. culmorum and F. redolens using SPME-GC/MS. By using an electronic nose we were able to differentiate between infected and non-infected wheat grains in the post-harvest chain. Our electronic nose was capable of distinguishing between four wheat Fusaria species with an accuracy higher than 80%.
Oral Anticoagulation and Functional Outcome after Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Oral anticoagulation treatment (OAT) resumption is a therapeutic dilemma in intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) care, particularly for lobar hemorrhages related to amyloid angiopathy. We sought to determine whether OAT resumption after ICH is associated with long‐term outcome, accounting for ICH location (ie, lobar vs nonlobar).
MicroRNA-145 Regulates Human Corneal Epithelial Differentiation

Background Epigenetic factors, such as microRNAs, are important regulators in the self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells and progenies. Here we investigated the microRNAs expressed in human limbal-peripheral corneal (LPC) epithelia containing corneal epithelial progenitor cells (CEPCs) and early transit amplifying cells, and their role in corneal epithelium. Methodology/Principal Findings Human LPC epithelia was extracted for small RNAs or dissociated for CEPC culture. By Agilent Human microRNA Microarray V2 platform and GeneSpring GX11.0 analysis, we found differential expression of 18 microRNAs against central corneal (CC) epithelia, which were devoid of CEPCs. Among them, miR-184 was up-regulated in CC epithelia, similar to reported finding. Cluster miR-143/145 was expressed strongly in LPC but weakly in CC epithelia (P = 0.0004, Mann-Whitney U-test). This was validated by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Locked nucleic acid-based in situ hybridization on corneal rim cryosections showed miR-143/145 presence localized to the parabasal cells of limbal epithelium but negligible in basal and superficial epithelia. With holoclone forming ability, CEPCs transfected with lentiviral plasmid containing mature miR-145 sequence gave rise to defective epithelium in organotypic culture and had increased cytokeratin-3/12 and connexin-43 expressions and decreased ABCG2 and p63 compared with cells transfected with scrambled sequences. Global gene expression was analyzed using Agilent Whole Human Genome Oligo Microarray and GeneSpring GX11.0. With a 5-fold difference compared to cells with scrambled sequences, miR-145 up-regulated 324 genes (containing genes for immune response) and down-regulated 277 genes (containing genes for epithelial development and stem cell maintenance). As validated by qPCR and luciferase reporter assay, our results showed miR-145 suppressed integrin β8 (ITGB8) expression in both human corneal epithelial cells and primary CEPCs. Conclusion/Significance We found expression of miR-143/145 cluster in human corneal epithelium. Our results also showed that miR-145 regulated the corneal epithelium formation and maintenance of epithelial integrity, via ITGB8 targeting.
Hyperglycemia Is Associated with Impaired Muscle Quality in Older Men with Diabetes: The Korean Longitudinal Study on Health and Aging

Background The study aimed to investigate the influence of hyperglycemia on muscle quality in older men with type 2 diabetes. Methods This was a subsidiary study of the Korean Longitudinal Study of Health and Aging. Among 326 older men consenting to tests of body composition and muscle strength, 269 men were ultimately analyzed after the exclusion because of stroke (n=30) and uncertainty about the diagnosis of diabetes (n=27). Body composition was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography. Muscle strength for knee extension was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer. Muscle quality was assessed from the ratio of leg strength to the entire corresponding leg muscle mass. Results The muscle mass, strength, and quality in patients with type 2 diabetes did not differ significantly from controls. However, when patients with diabetes were subdivided according to their glycemic control status, patients with a glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level of ≥8.5% showed significantly decreased leg muscle quality by multivariate analysis (odds ratio, 4.510; P=0.045) after adjustment for age, body mass index, smoking amount, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and duration of diabetes. Physical performance status was also impaired in subjects with an HbA1c of ≥8.5%. Conclusion Poor glycemic control in these older patients with diabetes was associated with significant risk of decreased muscle quality and performance status. Glycemic control with an HbA1c of <8.5% might be needed to reduce the risk of adverse skeletal and functional outcomes in this population.
Risk factors for the discontinuation of roflumilast in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Introduction Roflumilast is a phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitor, which can decrease exacerbation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, adverse effects are a major barrier to medication use, and little is known regarding the risk factors for discontinuation of roflumilast in COPD patients. Method A search of the clinical databases identified all patients who were prescribed roflumilast between December 2012 and April 2015 in the four hospitals of The Catholic University of Korea, Korea. The study subjects were limited to patients who had taken 500 μg of roflumilast. We studied the factors associated with drug discontinuation and drug adverse events by univariate and multivariate analyses. Results Among 154 eligible patients, 54 (35.1%) discontinued their roflumilast prescription. Most patients were elderly, male, current or former smokers, and had moderate-to-severe airflow limitation. Low–body mass index (BMI) patients were more likely to undergo drug discontinuation (1-unit decrease in BMI: odds ratio [OR] =1.165, p=0.006; BMI <23 kg/m2: OR =2.960, p=0.004). Fifty-five patients (35.7%) had adverse events. Loss of appetite, diarrhea, nausea, headache, and weight loss were the most frequent adverse events. Low-BMI patients were more likely to experience adverse events (1-unit decrease in BMI: OR =1.151, p=0.010; BMI <23 kg/m2: OR =2.644, p=0.009). Conclusions The patient discontinuation and adverse events rates in this study were higher than in previous randomized controlled studies. Discontinuation of roflumilast in ethnic Koreans is more likely to occur in low-BMI patients. In a clinical setting, low-BMI patients can more easily discontinue roflumilast; clinicians should, therefore, provide greater care for these patients.