Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
PROBING THE BALANCE OF AGN AND STAR-FORMING ACTIVITY IN THE LOCAL UNIVERSE WITH ChaMP

The combination of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and the Chandra Multiwavelength Project (ChaMP) currently offers the largest and most homogeneously selected sample of nearby galaxies for investigating the relation between X-ray nuclear emission, nebular line emission, black hole masses, and properties of the associated stellar populations. We provide X-ray spectral fits and valid uncertainties for all the galaxies with counts ranging from 2 to 1325 (mean 76, median 19). We present here novel constraints that both X-ray luminosity LX and X-ray spectral energy distribution bring to the galaxy evolutionary sequence H ii → Seyfert/Transition Object → LINER → Passive suggested by optical data. In particular, we show that both LX and Γ, the slope of the power law that best fits the 0.5–8 keV spectra, are consistent with a clear decline in the accretion power along the sequence, corresponding to a softening of their spectra. This implies that, at z ≈ 0, or at low-luminosity active galactic nucleus (AGN) levels, there is an anticorrelation between Γ and L/Ledd, opposite to the trend exhibited by high z AGN (quasars). The turning point in the Γ–L/Ledd LLAGN + quasars relation occurs near Γ ≈ 1.5 and L/Ledd ≈ 0.01. Interestingly, this is identical to what stellar mass X-ray binaries exhibit, indicating that we have probably found the first empirical evidence for an intrinsic switch in the accretion mode, from advection-dominated flows to standard (disk/corona) accretion modes in supermassive black hole accretors, similar to what has been seen and proposed to happen in stellar mass black hole systems. The anticorrelation we find between Γ and L/Ledd may instead indicate that stronger accretion correlates with greater absorption. Therefore, the trend for softer spectra toward more luminous, high redshift, and strongly accreting (L/Ledd ≳ 0.01) AGNs/quasars could simply be the result of strong selection biases reflected in the dearth of type 2 quasar detections.
Persistent Stimulation with Interleukin-17 Desensitizes Cells Through SCFβ-TrCP-Mediated Degradation of Act1

Persistent inflammation may be prevented by degradation of an adaptor protein required for inflammatory cytokine receptor signaling. Limiting Persistent Inflammation Interleukin-17 (IL-17) is a proinflammatory cytokine that is required for immune responses to extracellular pathogens, but it is also implicated in autoimmune disorders and inflammatory diseases. Signaling through the IL-17 receptor (IL-17R) requires the adaptor protein Act1 and leads to activation of the transcription factor NF-κB. Shi et al. found that persistent stimulation of HeLa cells with IL-17 led to a loss of Act1 protein and inhibited responses of the cells to subsequent exposure to the cytokine. Stimulation with IL-17 led to phosphorylation, ubiquitination, and proteasomal degradation of Act1. The authors identified SCFβ-TrCP as the E3 ubiquitin ligase complex responsible for Act1 ubiquitination. SCFβ-TrCP is also required for IL-17–dependent degradation of the inhibitor of κB (IκB) protein to enable NF-κB activation, positioning SCFβ-TrCP as both a positive and a negative regulator of IL-17 signaling. The proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-17 (IL-17) is important for the immune response to pathogens and also contributes to the pathogenesis of various inflammatory diseases. To avoid persistent inflammation, signaling by the IL-17 receptor (IL-17R), which involves the adaptor protein Act1, must be tightly controlled. Here, we report that persistent stimulation of HeLa cells with IL-17 resulted in degradation of Act1 and desensitization of IL-17R signaling. IL-17 stimulated the Lys48-linked polyubiquitination and degradation of Act1, which was phosphorylation-dependent, similar to the IL-17–dependent degradation of inhibitor of nuclear factor κB α. Act1 was recruited to SCF (Skp1–cullin-1–F-box)–type E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes containing β-transducin repeat–containing protein 1 (β-TrCP1) or β-TrCP2 in a phosphorylation-dependent manner upon stimulation of cells with IL-17. Dominant-negative β-TrCP or knockdown of β-TrCP1 and β-TrCP2 markedly reduced IL-17–induced, phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination and degradation of Act1. Thus, our studies identify a previously uncharacterized desensitization mechanism, involving the SCFβ-TrCP-mediated degradation of Act1, that occurs during persistent stimulation with IL-17.
Predator crypsis enhances behaviourally mediated indirect effects on plants by altering bumblebee foraging preferences

Predators of pollinators can influence pollination services and plant fitness via both consumptive (reducing pollinator density) and non-consumptive (altering pollinator behaviour) effects. However, a better knowledge of the mechanisms underlying behaviourally mediated indirect effects of predators is necessary to properly understand their role in community dynamics. We used the tripartite relationship between bumblebees, predatory crab spiders and flowers to ask whether behaviourally mediated effects are localized to flowers harbouring predators, or whether bees extend their avoidance to entire plant species. In a tightly controlled laboratory environment, bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) were exposed to a random mixture of equally rewarding yellow and white artificial flowers, but foraging on yellow flowers was very risky: bees had a 25 per cent chance of receiving a simulated predation attempt by ‘robotic’ crab spiders. As bees learnt to avoid ‘dangerous’ flowers, their foraging preferences changed and they began to visit fewer yellow flowers than expected by chance. Bees avoided spider-free yellow flowers as well as dangerous yellow flowers when spiders were more difficult to detect (the colour of yellow spiders was indistinguishable from that of yellow flowers). Therefore, this interaction between bee learning and predator crypsis could lead flower species harbouring cryptic predators to suffer from reduced reproductive success.
Rubber Surface Change and Static Charging under Periodic Stress

Rubber materials play an important role in robotics, due to their sensing and actuating abilities, that are exploited in soft smart materials endowed with shape-adaptive and electroadhesive properties. The application of an electric field produces non-linear deformation that has been extensively modelled, but is not understood at the molecular level. The symmetric effect (the production of an electric field due to rubber deformation) was recently discovered and explained as follows: rubber surface chemical composition and adsorptive properties change during rubber deformation, allowing the surface to exchange charge with the atmosphere. The present work describes the complex surface morphology and microchemistry of tubing made from vulcanized natural rubber, showing that it is rough and made from two domain types: stiffer elevations containing Br or Al (depending on the sample used) and O, that rise above an elastic base that is exempt of elements other than C and H. The surface area fraction occupied by the elastic base is higher in the strained rubber than when it is relaxed. Electrostatic potential on rubber surfaces was measured as a function of the stretching frequency, using Kelvin electrodes and showing frequency-dependent potential variation. This is explained considering charge exchange between the atmosphere and rubber surface, mediated by water vapor adsorbed in the stretched rubber and trapped when it relaxes.
Newly-synthesized chalcones-inhibition of adherence and biofilm formation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Biofilm formation and adherence of bacteria to host tissue are one of the most important virulence factors of methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). The number of resistant strains is seriously increasing during the past years and bacteria have become resistant, not only to methicillin, but also to other commonly used antistaphylococcal antibiotics. There is a great need for discovering a novel antimicrobial agent for the treatment of staphylococcal infections. One of the most promising groups of compounds appears to be chalcones. In present study we evaluated the in vitro effect of three newly synthesized chalcones: 1,3- Bis-(2-hydroxy-phenyl)-propenone, 3-(3-Hydroxy-phenyl)-1-(2-hydroxy-phenyl)-propenone and 3-(4-Hydroxy-phenyl)-1-(2-hydroxy-phenyl)-propenone on glycocalyx production, biofilm formation and adherence to human fibronectin of clinical isolates and laboratory control strain of MRSA (ATCC 43300). Subinhibitory concentrations of the tested compounds reduced the production of glycocalyx, biofilm formation and adherence to human fibronectin of all MRSA strains. Inhibition of biofilm formation was dose dependent and the most effective was 1,3- Bis-(2-hydroxy-phenyl)-propenone. In our study we demonstrated that three newly-synthesized chalcones exhibited significant effect on adherence and biofilm formation of MRSA strains. Chalcones may be considered as promising new antimicrobial agents that can be used for prevention of staphylococcal infections or as adjunct to antibiotics in conventional therapy.
Therapy of inflammatory bowel diseases in pregnancy and lactation

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are a group of disorders characterised by chronic or relapsing inflammation within the gastrointestinal tract of variable severity. A chronic medication is often needed and management of fertile women is a crucial point because of the possible adverse effects associated with the administered drugs and the disease itself. The risk of pregnancy-related complications and the disease behaviour during pregnancy depends mainly on disease activity at time of conception. So, it is very important to plan the pregnancy and reach and maintain a clinical remission of the disease before conception. Drugs usually used in IBD treatment include 5- aminosalicylic acid compounds, corticosteroids, azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine, cyclosporine A, mesalazine, and antibiotics such as metronidazole and ciprofloxacin. Management of IBD in pregnancy at present is not standardised or supported by strong evidence. In this report, we summarise the available data, mainly derived from retrospective and case-control studies, about IBD management in pregnancy, focusing mostly on the safety of drugs during gestation and peripartum.
A comparative study of LED‐induced fluorescence and laser‐induced fluorescence in SDS‐CGE: Application to the analysis of antibodies

LEDs present an alternative to lasers in LIF detection with CE, resulting in LED‐induced fluorescence (LEDIF). LEDs are much less expensive, consume less energy and are more stable. In addition, LED light sources allow a greater range of wavelengths to better match the maximum wavelength for the fluorescence of the dye. Antibodies were largely studied in SDS capillary gel electrophoresis (SDS‐CGE) and LIF detection with different dyes to label the proteins. In this work, our goal is to show that LEDs can advantageously replace lasers. We used 5‐carboxytetramethylrhodamine succinimidyl ester (5‐TAMRA.SE), 3‐(2‐furoyl)‐quinoline‐2 carboxaldehyde (FQ), and naphthalene‐2,3‐dialdehyde (NDA) to label IgG and we compared the LIF sensitivity with that obtained from LEDIF. We measured that the LOD values of LEDIF are identical to that obtained with the wavelength equivalent laser, and for 5‐TAMRA.SE analysis, LOD values are about six times better than when the classical 488 nm laser was used.
Specializations for Chromatic and Temporal Signals in Human Visual Cortex

Neurological case studies and qualitative measurements suggest that regions within human extrastriate cortex are specialized for different perceptual functions, including color. However, there are few quantitative measurements of human extrastriate color specializations. We studied the chromatic and temporal responses in several different clusters of human visual field maps using functional magnetic resonance imaging. Contrast response functions were measured for luminance [(L + M)-cone], red-green [(L - M)-cone] and blue-yellow (S-cone) modulations at various temporal frequencies. In primary visual cortex (V1), temporal responsivities to luminance and red-green modulations are approximately constant up to 10 Hz, but responsivities to blue-yellow modulations decrease significantly. In ventral occipital cortex (VO), all colors elicit strong responses, and, for each color, low temporal frequency modulations are more effective than high temporal frequency modulations. Hence, VO represents the full range of color information but does not respond well to rapid modulations. Conversely, in human motion-selective cortex (MT+) and V3A, blue-yellow modulations elicit very weak responses, whereas luminance and red-green high temporal frequency modulations are equally or more effective than low temporal frequency modulations. Hence, these dorsal occipital regions respond well to rapid modulations, but not all color information is represented. Similar to human motion perception, MT+ and V3A respond powerfully to all temporal frequencies but only to some colors. Similar to human color perception, VO responds powerfully to all colors but only to relatively low temporal frequencies.
Graph and depth of a monomial squarefree ideal

Let $I$ be a monomial squarefree ideal of a polynomial ring $S$ over a field $K$ such that the sum of every three different of its minimal prime ideals is the maximal ideal of $S$, or more general a constant ideal. We associate to $I$ a graph on $[s]$, $s=|\Min S/I|$ on which we may {\em read} the depth of $I$. In particular, $\depth_S\ I$ does not depend of char $K$. Also we show that $I$ satisfies the Stanley's Conjecture.
Untersuchung von metastabilen Zuständen hochgeladener Ruthenium-Ionen mittels EUV-Spektroskopie

To gain insight into the stellar evolution of stars one can use the astronomical observations of elements that are heavier than iron. The atomic data of such elements are necessary in order to interpret stars’ spectroscopic observations. Technetium (Z=43) is of particular interest since it is the lightest element with no stable isotopes and it has a limited lifetime. Observation of such element from the stars can provide a time scale of their evolutionary stages. Very similar to Technetium in its electronic structure is Ruthenium (Z=44), which in this thesis will be used to assign the observed lines of this element to their possible charge state. These lines were measured using an electron beam ion trap at the Max Planck Institute for Nuclear Physics in Heidelberg. Through a flat-field grazing incidence spectrometer florescent light from excited ruthenium ions, in the 17–27 nm wavelength range, was recorded. Considering the intensity of different spectral lines at different electron beam energies, the presence of metastable states could be observed. The contributions of metastable states were discussed using three different approaches where the space charge potential of the electron beam was corrected differently.
Transportation and Aging: An Updated Research Agenda to Advance Safe Mobility among Older Adults Transitioning From Driving to Non-driving

Engagement in civic, social, and community life plays an important role in health, well-being, and quality of life, and requires individuals to be mobile in their environment. In this article, we review what is currently known about 2 areas relevant to safe mobility for older drivers and identify future research in these areas. Using a framework for transportation and safe mobility, 2 key areas were selected for review: the process of transitioning to non-driving and the maintenance of mobility after driving has ceased. This article serves as a companion to another article that used the same approach to explore safe mobility issues for older adults who are still driving. We found that although there has been progress in supporting transitioning process to non-driving and improving mobility options for older adults following driving cessation, many knowledge gaps still exist. We identified several research topics that would benefit from continued scientific inquiry. In addition, several themes emerged from the review, including the need for: multidisciplinary, community-wide solutions; large-scale, longitudinal studies; improved education and training for older adults and the variety of stakeholders involved in older adult transportation; and the need for programs and interventions that are flexible and responsive to individual needs and situational differences.
Absence of the CAAX Endoprotease Rce1: Effects on Cell Growth and Transformation

ABSTRACT After isoprenylation, the Ras proteins and other CAAX proteins undergo two additional enzymatic modifications—endoproteolytic release of the last three amino acids of the protein by the protease Rce1 and methylation of the carboxyl-terminal isoprenylcysteine by the methyltransferase Icmt. This postisoprenylation processing is thought to be important for the association of Ras proteins with membranes. Blocking postisoprenylation processing, by inhibiting Rce1, has been suggested as a potential approach for retarding cell growth and blocking cellular transformation. The objective of this study was to develop a cell culture system for addressing these issues. We generated mice with a conditional Rce1 allele (Rce1 flox) and produced Rce1 flox/flox fibroblasts. Cre-mediated excision of Rce1 (thereby producing Rce1 Δ/Δ fibroblasts) eliminated Ras endoproteolytic processing and methylation and caused a partial mislocalization of truncated K-Ras and H-Ras fusion proteins within cells. Rce1 Δ/Δ fibroblasts grew more slowly than Rce1 flox/flox fibroblasts. The excision of Rce1 also reduced Ras-induced transformation, as judged by the growth of colonies in soft agar. The excision of Rce1 from a Rce1 flox/flox skin carcinoma cell line also significantly retarded the growth of cells, and this effect was exaggerated by cotreatment of the cells with a farnesyltransferase inhibitor. These studies support the idea that interference with postisoprenylation processing retards cell growth, limits Ras-induced transformation, and sensitizes tumor cells to a farnesyltransferase inhibitor.
Program Implementation Approaches to Build and Sustain Health Care Coordination for Type 2 Diabetes

Background: As more people enter the U.S. health care system under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), it is increasingly critical to deliver coordinated, high-quality health care. The ACA supports implementation and sustainability of efficient health care models, given expected limits in available resources. This article highlights implementation strategies to build and sustain care coordination, particularly ones consistent with and reinforced by the ACA. It focuses on disease self-management programs to improve the health of patients with type 2 diabetes, exemplified by grantees of the Alliance to Reduce Disparities in Diabetes. Method: We conducted interviews with grantee program representatives throughout their 5-year programs and conducted a qualitative framework analysis of data to identify key themes related to care coordination. Results: The most promising care coordination strategies that grantee programs described included establishing clinic–community collaborations, embedding community health workers within care management teams, and sharing electronic data. Establishing provider buy-in was crucial for these strategies to be effective. Discussion: This article adds new insights into strategies promoting effective care coordination. The strategies that grantees implemented throughout the program align with ACA requirements, underscoring their relevance to the changing U.S. health care environment and the likelihood of further support for program sustainability.
THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT WARM‐UP STRETCH PROTOCOLS ON 20 METER SPRINT PERFORMANCE IN TRAINED RUGBY UNION PLAYERS

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of different static and dynamic stretch protocols on 20-m sprint performance. The 97 male rugby union players were assigned randomly to 4 groups: passive static stretch (PSS; n = 28), active dynamic stretch (ADS; n = 22), active static stretch (ASST; n = 24), and static dynamic stretch (SDS; n = 23). All groups performed a standard 10-minute jog warm-up, followed by two 20-m sprints. The 20-m sprints were then repeated after subjects had performed different stretch protocols. The PSS and ASST groups had a significant increase in sprint time (p ≤ 0.05), while the ADS group had a significant decrease in sprint time (p ≤ 0.05). The decrease in sprint time, observed in the SDS group, was found to be nonsignificant (p ≥ 0.05). The decrease in performance for the 2 static stretch groups was attributed to an increase in the musculotendinous unit (MTU) compliance, leading to a decrease in the MTU ability to store elastic energy in its eccentric phase. The reason why the ADS group improved performance is less clear, but could be linked to the rehearsal of specific movement patterns, which may help increase coordination of subsequent movement. It was concluded that static stretching as part of a warm-up may decrease short sprint performance, whereas active dynamic stretching seems to increase 20-m sprint performance.
Transmural pressure during cardiogenic oscillations in rodent diaphragmatic lymphatic vessels.

BACKGROUND The mechanism of initial lymphatic filling and the role of cardiogenic tissue motion in promoting lymph formation and propulsion are at present still controversial issues, in particular when considering interstitial tissues whose fluid pressure is well below atmospheric. To elucidate these aspects, the micropuncture technique was used to record interstitial (P(int)) and intralymphatic pressure (P(lymph)) simultaneously in the diaphragmatic lymphatic plexus draining the pleural cavity. METHODS AND RESULTS The diaphragmatic lymphatic network was identified in anesthetized rabbits and rats through fluorescent dextrans injected intrapleurally. All P(lymph) and P(int) traces were pulsatile, oscillating either in-phase (33% of traces) or out-of-phase (67%) during cardiogenic swings. P(lymph) swept between -4.1 +/- 0.9 (SE) mmHg and 3.5 +/- 1.1 mmHg in rabbits, and between -5.1 +/- 1.0 mmHg and -2.7 +/- 1.1 mmHg in rats. P(int) oscillated between -0.8 +/- 0.7 mmHg and 4.9 +/- 0.7 mmHg in rabbits, and between -0.6 +/- 0.8 mmHg and 0.9 +/- 0.7 mmHg in rats. CONCLUSIONS The data revealed a great functional complexity of the diaphragmatic lymphatic network and suggested that cardiogenic oscillations may play an important role in promoting lymph formation and propulsion from interstitial tissues with subatmospheric tissue pressure.