Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of ultrasound for central venous access in ICU by an in experienced trainee

Background and Aims: Central venous catheter placement is an important procedure for ICU (Intensive Care Unit) patients. We studied the usefulness of ultrasonography for placement of central venous catheter by in-experienced anesthetists. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study of 32 patients requiring central venous access (CVA) in surgical ICU (SICU). Data collected were patient's demographics, indication, type of catheter, success rate, attempts, complication rate and access time were recorded and compared with other studies. Result: The overall success rate was 89.5% in the IJV (Internal Jugular Vein) and 92.3% for SCV (Subclavian Vein) group. The success rates for insertion at first, second, and third attempt were 52.6%, 31.6%, and 5.2% for IJV and 46.2% and 53.8% for SCV. Average number of attempts made for IJV cannulation was 1.74 +/- 1.04 and 1.54 +/- 0.51 for SCV. The total time taken for IJV access was 858.78 +/- 381.9 sec, whereas in the SCV group, it was 984 +/- 328.98 seconds. In our study, overall rate of complication was 21.05% (4/19 patients) for IJV and 23.07% (3/13 patients) for SCV insertion. Incidence of various complications like arterial puncture, misplacement of CVC, hematoma, pneumothorax, and hemothorax were also noted. Conclusion: This study concludes that real time ultrasound guidance during IJV and SCV cannulation can achieve higher success rate, fewer complications, number of attempts, and failure rate among inexperienced anesthetists.
Characterization of the LIGO detectors during their sixth science run

In 2009-2010, the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observa- tory (LIGO) operated together with international partners Virgo and GEO600 as a network to search for gravitational waves of astrophysical origin. The sensitiv- ity of these detectors was limited by a combination of noise sources inherent to the instrumental design and its environment, often localized in time or frequency, that couple into the gravitational-wave readout. Here we review the performance of the LIGO instruments during this epoch, the work done to characterize the de- tectors and their data, and the effect that transient and continuous noise artefacts have on the sensitivity of LIGO to a variety of astrophysical sources.
Assessment of rip lines using CAESAR‐Lisflood on a trial landform at the Ranger Uranium Mine

The Ranger Mine in the Northern Territory of Australia is to be rehabilitated by 2026. The rehabilitated landform will require some form of erosion control, or surface amelioration to reduce water and sediment leaving the landform. One method of surface amelioration is the construction of rip lines. Rip lines have been used in both mining and agricultural environments to reduce surface water velocity, trap fine sediment and nutrients, and reduce erosion from the landform. However, there is little quantitative information on the extent to which rip lines influence erosion. In a desktop study using the CAESAR‐Lisflood landform evolution model, we assessed the effectiveness of rip lines by simulating the evolution of both ripped and nonripped surfaces on a range of slopes from 2% to 12% for simulated periods of up to 50 years.
Predictors of dropout from psychosocial treatment in opioid-dependent outpatients.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Early dropout is common in substance abuse treatment settings and may lead to poorer outcomes relative to those completing a full course of treatment. Attempts to identify predictors of dropout have yielded mixed results, highlighting the need for additional research in this area to clarify risk and protective factors to guide intervention and retention efforts. This study evaluated predictors of dropout from psychosocial treatment among opioid-dependent patients on methadone maintenance therapy. METHODS Participants included 78 patients who had failed to respond to at least 4 months of methadone maintenance plus group counseling with clinic substance abuse counselors, and were enrolled in a study of randomized psychosocial treatment in addition to treatment-as-usual. Several factors that have been implicated in previous studies as well as two affective variables (distress intolerance and coping motives for drug use) were examined. RESULTS Results indicated that when controlling for various risk factors, age was the only significant predictor of dropout, with younger patients more likely to discontinue treatment early. CONCLUSIONS This study replicates previous findings in opioid-dependent samples that younger patients are at an increased risk of early treatment dropout. CONCLUSIONS AND SIGNIFICANCE Targeted intervention may be needed to retain young patients in drug abuse treatment.
Impact of primary Sjogren's syndrome on smell and taste: effect on quality of life.

OBJECTIVES To assess the prevalence of abnormal smell and taste perception in people with primary SS and the effect on quality of life (QoL). METHODS Twenty-eight participants with SS and 37 controls were enrolled in a cohort-matched, prospective, cross-sectional study. Smell and taste thresholds were measured using standardized, validated tests. QoL was assessed by the Short Form 12 (SF-12). RESULTS Smell threshold was reduced by 1 point (P = 0.002; 95% CI 0.35, 1.54) and taste threshold was reduced by 3.5 points (P < 0.001; 95% CI 1.80, 5.22) in the SS group compared with controls. The physical and mental components of SF-12 were reduced by 14.2 points (P < 0.001; 95% CI 9.47, 19.02) and 7.5 points (P = 0.002; 95% CI 2.97, 12.02), respectively, in the SS group compared with controls. Taste threshold was significantly correlated with both the physical (r = 0.48; P < 0.001) and the mental (r = 0.30; P = 0.015) components of SF-12. Smell threshold correlated with the physical (r = 0.457; P < 0.001), but not the mental component (r = 0.154; P = 0.222) of SF-12. CONCLUSIONS Clinically important impairment of chemosensory perception occurred in the SS group compared with age- and gender-matched controls. Assessment using SF-12 suggests that this impairment contributed to the reduced health-related QoL that characterized these individuals.
Tracking single coccolith dissolution with picogram resolution and implications for CO2 sequestration and ocean acidification

Coccoliths are micrometer scale shields made from 20 to 60 individual calcite (CaCO3) crystals that are produced by some species of algae. Currently, coccoliths serve as an important sink in the global carbon cycle, but decreasing ocean pH challenges their stability. Chalk deposits, the fossil remains of ancient algae, have remained remarkably unchanged by diagenesis, the process that converts sediment to rock. Even after 60 million years, the fossil coccolith crystals are still tiny (< 1 μm), compared with inorganically produced calcite, where one day old crystals can be 10 times larger, which raises the question if the biogenic nature of coccolith calcite gives it different properties than inorganic calcite? And if so, can these properties protect coccoliths in CO2 challenged oceans? Here we describe a new method for tracking dissolution of individual specimens, at picogram (10-12 g) resolution. The results show that the behavior of modern and fossil coccoliths is similar and both are more stable than inorganic calcite. Organic material associated with the biogenic calcite provides the explanation. However, ancient and modern coccoliths, that resist dissolution in Ca-free artificial seawater at pH > 8, all dissolve when pH is 7.8 or lower. Ocean pH is predicted to fall below 7.8 by the year 2100, in response to rising CO2 levels. Our results imply that at these conditions the advantages offered by the biogenic nature of calcite will disappear putting coccoliths on algae and in the calcareous bottom sediments at risk.
Implementing Early Warning Messages on Emerging Health Technologies

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine how horizon-scanning organizations can encourage the implementation of recommendations contained in their early warning messages about emerging health technologies. We reviewed the conclusions of the EUR-ASSESS Project Subgroup report on dissemination and impact, an overview of systematic reviews of interventions to promote implementation of research findings by health care professionals, and various Cochrane Effective Practice and Organisation of Care Group protocols and reviews. The evidence on the effectiveness of different implementation strategies aimed at distinct target groups is of variable quality. There is some evidence from rigorous study designs on the effectiveness of strategies designed to influence the behavior of health care professionals; the quality of the evidence relating to policy makers and the general public is more limited. Horizon-scanning organizations can improve the likelihood of their recommendations being acted upon by developing active implementation strategies based on the best available evidence, establishing links with key groups, and directing early warning messages at specific target audiences. Given the relative lack of good quality evidence, it is important that implementation strategies be rigorously evaluated to determine their effectiveness.
Progressive hypertrophy regression with sustained pressure reduction in hypertension: the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint Reduction study

Objective To examine the time course of left ventricular (LV) geometric response to blood pressure (BP) control during 2 years of systematic antihypertensive treatment. Design A total of 754 hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) by Cornell voltage-duration product or Sokolow–Lyon voltage criteria on a screening electrocardiogram had their LV mass measured by echocardiogram at enrolment in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint Reduction (LIFE) trial, and after 12 and 24 months of blinded therapy with losartan-based or atenolol-based regimens. Setting The LIFE trial, in which hypertensive patients with electrocardiographic LVH (Cornell voltage-duration product > 2440 mm × ms and/or Sokolow–Lyon voltage criteria SV1 + RV5–6> 38 mm) were randomized to ⩾ 4 years double-blinded treatment with losartan or atenolol. Participants A total of 754 LIFE participants with serial echocardiographic measurements of LV geometry. Interventions None. Main outcome measures LV wall thicknesses, diameter and mass, and its indices. Results Mean systolic/diastolic BP fell from 173/95 to 150/84 mmHg after 1 year (P < 0.001) and to 148/83 mmHg at year 2 (P = not significant). Mean echocardiographic LV mass fell from 233 g at baseline to 206 g after 1 year (P < 0.001, adjusted for change in systolic BP) and to 195 g at year 2 (P < 0.001 versus year 1), with a parallel decrease in indexed LV mass [from 56.1 to 49.7 g/m2.7 (P < 0.001), to 47.1 g/m2.7 (P < 0.001 versus year 1)]. Relative wall thickness decreased from 0.41 at baseline to 0.37 at year 1 (P < 0.001), to 0.36 at year 2 (P < 0.001 versus year 1). As a result, there were serial decreases in prevalences of eccentric LVH [44 to 38%, and to 30% (P < 0.001 versus year 1)] and concentric LVH [24 to 7% (P < 0.001), to 2% (P < 0.05 versus year 1)], and increases in the proportion with normal LV geometry [22 to 50% (P < 0.001), and to 64% (P < 0.01 versus year 1)]. Conclusions Sustained BP reduction in hypertensive patients with target organ damage causes continued decrease in echocardiographic LV mass and prevalence of anatomic LVH for at least 2 years despite only small BP decreases after the first year of blinded therapy. These data document cardiac benefit of sustained BP control and suggest that maximum LVH regression with effective antihypertensive treatment requires at least 2 years.
Peer victimization, psychosocial adjustment, and physical activity in overweight and at-risk-for-overweight youth.

OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between peer victimization and child and parent reports of psychosocial adjustment and physical activity in a clinical sample of at-risk-for-overweight and overweight children and adolescents. METHODS The Schwartz Peer Victimization Scale, Children's Depression Inventory-Short Form, Multidimensional Anxiety Scale for Children, Social Physique Anxiety Scale, PACE+ Adolescent Physical Activity Measure, and Asher Loneliness Scale were administered to 92 children and adolescents (54 females) aged 8-18 years. The youth's parent/guardian completed the Child Behavior Checklist. RESULTS Peer victimization was positively related to child-reported depression, anxiety, social physique anxiety, and loneliness, and parent-reported internalizing and externalizing symptoms. Peer victimization was negatively related to physical activity. Depressive symptoms and loneliness mediated the relations between peer victimization and physical activity. CONCLUSION Recognition of the magnitude of the problem and the means of evaluating for peer victimization is important for clinicians who work with overweight youth. Assessing peer experiences may assist in understanding rates of physical activity and/or past nonadherence to clinician recommendations.
Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate hydrolysis directs actin remodeling during phagocytosis

The Rho GTPases play a critical role in initiating actin polymerization during phagocytosis. In contrast, the factors directing the disassembly of F-actin required for fission of the phagocytic vacuole are ill defined. We used fluorescent chimeric proteins to monitor the dynamics of association of actin and active Cdc42 and Rac1 with the forming phagosome. Although actin was found to disappear from the base of the forming phagosome before sealing was complete, Rac1/Cdc42 activity persisted, suggesting that termination of GTPase activity is not the main determinant of actin disassembly. Furthermore, fully internalized phagosomes engineered to associate constitutively with active Rac1 showed little associated F-actin. The disappearance of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2) from the phagosomal membrane closely paralleled the course of actin disassembly. Furthermore, inhibition of PI(4,5)P2 hydrolysis or increased PI(4,5)P2 generation by overexpression of phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase I prevented the actin disassembly necessary for the completion of phagocytosis. These observations suggest that hydrolysis of PI(4,5)P2 dictates the remodeling of actin necessary for completion of phagocytosis.
Gene and lncRNA Profiling of ω3/ω6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid-Exposed Human Visceral Adipocytes Uncovers Different Responses in Healthy Lean, Obese and Colorectal Cancer-Affected Individuals

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major life-threatening disease, being the third most common cancer and a leading cause of death worldwide. Enhanced adiposity, particularly visceral fat, is a major risk factor for CRC, and obesity-associated alterations in metabolic, inflammatory and immune profiles in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) strongly contribute to promoting or sustaining intestinal carcinogenesis. The role of diet and nutrition in obesity and CRC has been extensively demonstrated, and AT represents the main place where diet-induced signals are integrated. Among the factors introduced with diet and processed or enriched in AT, ω3/ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are endowed with pro- or anti-inflammatory properties and have been shown to exert either promoting or protective roles in CRC. In this study, we investigated the impact of ex vivo exposure to the ω3 and ω6 PUFAs docosahexaenoic and arachidonic acids on VAT adipocyte whole transcription in healthy lean, obese and CRC-affected individuals. High-throughput sequencing of protein-coding and long non-coding RNAs allowed us to identify specific pathways and regulatory circuits controlled by PUFAs and highlighted an impaired responsiveness of obese and CRC-affected individuals as compared to the strong response observed in healthy lean subjects. This further supports the role of healthy diets and balanced ω3/ω6 PUFA intake in the primary prevention of obesity and cancer.
Distributed Optimization With Local Domains: Applications in MPC and Network Flows

We consider a network where each node has exclusive access to a local cost function. Our contribution is a communication-efficient distributed algorithm that finds a vector x* minimizing the sum of all the functions. We make the additional assumption that the functions have intersecting local domains, i.e., each function depends only on some components of the variable. Consequently, each node is interested in knowing only some components of x*, not the entire vector. This allows improving communication-efficiency. We apply our algorithm to distributed model predictive control (D-MPC) and to network flow problems and show, through experiments on large networks, that the proposed algorithm requires less communications to converge than prior state-of-the-art algorithms.
Expedition 316 Site C0008

1Expedition 316 Scientists, 2009. Expedition 316 Site C0008. In Kinoshita, M. , Tobin, H. , Ashi, J., Kimura, G. , Lallemant, S. , Screaton, E.J., Curewitz, D. , Masago, H. , Moe, K.T. , and the Expedition 314/315/316 Scientists, Proc. IODP, 314/315/316: Washington, DC (Integrated Ocean Drilling Program Management International, Inc.). doi:10.2204/iodp.proc.314315316.136. 2009 2Expedition 314/315/316 Scientists’ addresses. Background and objectives
Multimodal dimensional affect recognition using deep bidirectional long short-term memory recurrent neural networks

In this paper we propose the deep bidirectional long short-term memory recurrent neural network (DBLSTM-RNN) based single modal and multi-modal affect recognition frameworks. In the single modal framework DBLSTM with moving average (MA), audio or visual features are input into the DBLSTM-RNN model, whose output estimations of a dimension are smoothed by the moving average filter. After the smoothed estimations are expanded to the frame rate of the ground truth labels, another MA is adopted for smoothing the final results. In the multi-modal framework DBLSTM-DBLSTM-MA, the initial estimations from the audio and visual modalities via the first layer of DBLSTM-RNNs are input into a second layer of DBLSTM-RNN, whose outputs are smoothed by MA. The smoothed estimations are then expanded to the frame rate of the ground truth labels and smoothed again by another MA. Affect recognition experiments are carried out on the training set and development set of the AVEC2014 database, results show that the proposed DBLSTM-MA framework outperforms linear regression, support vector regression (SVR), and BLSTM for single modal dimension estimation. For audio visual multi-modal affect recognition, DBLSTM-DBLSTM-MA obtains better or comparable performance than the state of the art results in the competition of AVEC2014, with the average correlation coefficient (COR) reaches 0.599 on the Freeform database, 0.630 on the Northwind database, and 0.615 on the Freeform-Northwind database.
Phylogenetic position of Coronastrum ellipsoideum and description of Parachlorella hussii sp. nov.

Following traditional morphological concepts, the genus Coronastrum is considered to be a rare member of the Scenedesmaceae (Chorophyceae). This classification may be called into question when molecular data are taken into account as well. Recent molecular phylogenetic studies revealed the polyphyletic origin of the family Scenedesmaceae within the Chlorophyceae and Trebouxiophyceae. In a combined approach of morphological analyses, SSU/ITS rRNA gene phylogeny and comparison of the ITS secondary structure, we analysed the systematics of Coronastrum strains available in public strain collections. Our molecular analyses revealed a new subclade within the Chlorella clade of the Chlorellaceae consisting of Coronastrum ellipsoideum, two strains with Dictyosphaerium-like morphology and one strain which fits the description of the genus Parachlorella. Four additional strains formed together a new lineage within the genus Parachlorella in the Parachlorella clade of the Chlorellaceae. These strains differ from the already known Parachlorella species in complementary base changes within the ITS2 and are here described for the first time as Parachlorella hussii sp. nov.
Track-scale Anisotropic Thermal Material Model as a Viable Substitution In Selective Laser Melting

High temperature gradients and resulting residual stresses are the main sources of defects such as cracks, distortion and fatigue failure is selective laser melting. In this paper, a new material model utilizing anisotropic thermal conduction model and track-scale heat input model is used to predict the melt pool geometry, material state and thermal history during the SLM process of SS316L in a large range of laser parameters. The model takes into consideration both the material state and the issue of phase transition during the track-scale simulation. The simulated melt pools in the beam-scale and track-scale simulations are compared with experimental measurements in different laser parameters. It is found that the proposed material model is able to maintain accuracy between the beam-scale and track-scale simulations at an average of 5μm regarding melt pool dimensions. Furthermore, It can be inferred that both track-scale and beam-scale models exhibit the capability to provide precise predictions of melt pool geometries when compared to experimental measurements while the former being about 100 times faster than the latter. An average error of 10% was concluded for the material state comparison of the two models while the track-scale model was able to capture the temperature profile and cooling rate accurately in comparison with the beam-scale model.
Research Progress on Pulmonary Rehabilitation in Children with Bronchial Asthma

Bronchial asthma is a chronic respiratory disease that poses a significant threat to the physical and mental health of children globally. Currently, pulmonary rehabilitation is a non-pharmacological intervention that has shown promise in treating chronic respiratory diseases. However, most studies related to pulmonary rehabilitation only focus on chronic conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), lung cancer, and bronchiectasis. Research on bronchial asthma in children is still in the preliminary stages. This article reviews the concept, basic content, and application mode of pulmonary rehabilitation, to provide reference for the clinical research of pulmonary rehabilitation in children with bronchial asthma, and to carry out multimodal pulmonary rehabilitation to improve the disease control level and quality of life of asthma in children.
Nessie: A Decoupled, Client-Driven Key-Value Store Using RDMA

Key-value storage systems are an integral part of many data centre applications, but as demand increases so does the need for high performance. This has motivated new designs that use Remote Direct Memory Access (RDMA) to reduce communication overhead. Current RDMA-enabled key-value stores (RKVSes) target workloads involving small values, running on dedicated servers on which no other applications are running. Outside of these domains, however, there may be other RKVS designs that provide better performance. In this paper, we introduce Nessie, an RKVS that is fully client-driven, meaning no server process is involved in servicing requests. Nessie also decouples its index and storage data structures, allowing indices and data to be placed on different servers. This flexibility can decrease the number of network operations required to service a request. These design elements make Nessie well-suited for a different set of workloads than existing RKVSes. Compared to a server-driven RKVS, Nessie more than doubles system throughput when there is CPU contention on the server, improves throughput by 70 percent for PUT -oriented workloads when data value sizes are 128 KB or larger, and reduces power consumption by 18 percent at 80 percent system utilization and 41 percent at 20 percent system utilization compared with idle power consumption.