Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Critical success factors for the internet technology adoption by SMEs and its impact for the performance

this study has three purposes. The first one is to examine the effect of size of enterprise on the extent to which internet technology assimilates into the daily operations of the enterprise. Second, the study is to examine the effect of the critical success factors on the adoption of internet technology, and the last is to examine the effect of adoption of internet technology on the performance of the enterprise. One hundred and thirteen Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) of batik in Pekalongan, Central Java Province was chosen as a sample of this study. Data for this study are collected using questionnaire and personal interviews. Then, the data from the questionnaire were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). This study found that the critical success factor for adoption of internet technology is different between small enterprises and medium enterprises. The impact of adoption of internet technology for the performance of enterprise is higher in the medium size of enterprise than in the small size of enterprise.
Prevalence of diabetes among Native Americans and Alaska Natives, 1990-1997: an increasing burden.

OBJECTIVE To determine trends in diabetes prevalence among Native Americans and Alaska Natives. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS From 1990 to 1997, Native Americans and Alaska Natives with diabetes were identified from the Indian Health Service (IHS) national outpatient database, and prevalence was calculated using these cases and estimates of the Native American and Alaskan population served by IHS and tribal health facilities. Prevalence was age-adjusted by the direct method based on the 1980 U.S. population. RESULTS Between 1990 and 1997, the number of Native Americans and Alaska Natives of all ages with diagnosed diabetes increased from 43,262 to 64,474 individuals. Prevalence of diagnosed diabetes increased by 29%. By 1997, prevalence among Native Americans and Alaska Natives was 5.4%, and the age-adjusted prevalence was 8.0%. During the entire 1990-1997 period, prevalence among women was higher than that among men, but the rate of increase was higher among men than women (37 vs. 25%). In 1997, age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes varied by region and ranged from 3% in the Alaska region to 17% in the Atlantic region. The increase in prevalence between 1990 and 1997 ranged from 16% in the Northern Plains region to 76% in the Alaska region. CONCLUSIONS Diabetes is common among Native Americans and Alaska Natives, and it increased substantially during the 8-year period examined. Effective interventions for primary, secondary, and tertiary, prevention are needed to address the substantial and rapidly growing burden of diabetes among Native Americans and Alaska Natives.
Social Media Use, Loneliness, and Academic Achievement: A Correlational Study with Urban High School Students.

This study explored the association between social media use, loneliness, and academic achievement in high school students and identified the demographic characteristics associated with these three elements. This study also aimed to identify the percentage of variance in loneliness accounted for by social media use and GPA. Participants were 345 urban high school students from Michigan. A series of t-tests, ANOVAs, and correlational analyses were performed. Gender differences were found for loneliness and the frequency of social media use. Race and grade level differences were found for GPA. Data yielded a weak negative correlation between loneliness and GPA. GPA accounts for about 2% of the variance in loneliness. Practical implications and recommendations for future research are discussed.
Negativity and Positivity Biases in Product Evaluations: The Impact of Consumer Goals and Prior Attitudes

A fairly widespread phenomenon identified in the literature is the greater weighing of negative over positive attributes of equivalent intensity in the formation of evaluations (the negativity effect). Some conditions favoring the positivity effect (the greater weighing of positive over negative attributes of equal intensity) have also been identified. However, the literature is silent on how consumer goals and their prior attitudes towards the brand influence product evaluations, given negative and positive attributes of equal extremity. In this dissertation, I propose that based on their goals or attitudes, consumers engage in selective hypothesis testing while evaluating products. For example, consumers who have a goal of buying a good product test a positive hypothesis (e.g., this product is good), whereas those who have goals of avoiding a bad product test a negative hypothesis (e.g., this product is bad). In their hypothesis testing activities, consumers have been shown to give more weight to hypothesis consistent than to hypothesis inconsistent evidence. Hence, consumers testing a positive hypothesis are likely to weigh positive attributes greater than negative attributes (i.e., a positivity effect), whereas the opposite is true for those testing a negative hypothesis. Evidence consistent with selective hypothesis testing, but inconsistent with extant theories of the negativity and positivity effects is provided, and four experiments are conducted to systematically test this explanation against the extant theories of negativity and positivity effects. Results indicate that selective hypothesis testing is a viable explanation of negativity and positivity effects, and that its effects occur independently of the other theories in the literature. Results also shed light on how consumer goals and their prior attitudes influence product evaluations. Contributions, limitations, and directions for future research are discussed.
On the Families of Periodic Orbits of the Sitnikov Problem

The main goal of this paper is to study analytically the families of symmetric periodic orbits of the elliptic Sitnikov problem for all values of the eccentricity in the interval (0, 1), providing qualitative and quantitative information on the bifurcation diagram of such families of periodic orbits. The basic tool for proving our results is the global continuation method of the zeros of a function depending on one parameter provided by Leray and Schauder and based in the Brouwer degree.
Inhibition of central angiotensin-converting enzyme with enalapril protects the brain from ischemia/reperfusion injury in normotensive rat

Background and the Purpose of the study Central Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) has an important role on cerebral microcirculation and metabolism. However, its role in terms of protecting the brain from ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury are debatable. This study evaluated the role of ACE, using enalapril as ACE inhibitor, in protection of the brain from I/R injury during transient focal cerebral ischemia (TFCI) in normotensive rat. Method Male Sprague Dawley rats (280–320g) randomly assigned to control ischemic and enalapril pre-treated ischemic groups. Enalapril was injected intraperitoneally 1 h before middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) at the dose of 0.03 or 0.1 mg/kg. Cerebral ischemia was induced by 60 min MCAO followed by 24 hrs reperfusion. After evaluation of neurological deficit scores (NDS) the animal was sacrificed for assessment of cerebral infarction and edema. Results TFCI induced cerebral infarctions (283±18 mm3), brain edema (4.1±0.4%) and swelling (9.8±1.5%) with NDS of 3.11±0.36. Non-hypotensive dose of enalapril (0.03 mg/kg) improved NDS (1.37±0.26), reduced cerebral infarction (45%), brain edema (54%) and swelling of the lesioned hemispheres (34%) significantly. However, hypotensive dose of enalapril (0.1 mg/kg) could improve neurological activity (1.67±0.31) and failed to reduce cerebral infarction (276±39 mm3) and swelling (10.4±1.4%). Conclusion In the rat model of transient focal cerebral ischemia, inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme with non-hypotensive doses of enalapril has the benefit of improving neurological activity, reducing cerebral infarction, brain swelling and edema of acute ischemic stroke. Therefore, it is reasonable to conclude that central renin-angiotensin system may participate in ischemic/reperfusion injury of the cerebral cortex.
Inferring Optimal Peer Assignment From Experimental Data

This article studies the problem of optimally dividing individuals into peer groups to maximize social gains from heterogeneous peer effects. The specific setting analyzed here concerns efficient ways of allocating roommates in college dormitories. Using confidential data on a sample of Dartmouth College freshmen who were randomly assigned to be roommates, the article derives efficient roommate pairing rules, based on demographic and academic background, which maximize different aggregate outcomes. Segregation by precollege academic standing and by race are seen to minimize mean enrolment into sororities and maximize mean enrolment into fraternities. Segregation has no effect on mean and median freshman year grade point average (GPA) but increases the higher and decreases the lower percentiles of the GPA distribution for both men and women. Efficiency loss due to legal constraints on allocations (e.g., race-blindness) is shown to be significant and also larger for women for whom peer effects are more nonlinear. The article develops large-sample inference methods for these optimal solutions and the resulting optimized values by using and extending insights from the mathematical programming literature. Applicability of these techniques extends beyond linear maximands such as the mean to other important policy objectives such as outcome quantiles, which, though nonlinear, are shown to be quasi-convex in the allocation probabilities.
Universal immunity to influenza must outwit immune evasion

Although an influenza vaccine has been available for 70 years, influenza virus still causes seasonal epidemics and worldwide pandemics. Currently available vaccines elicit strain-specific antibody (Ab) responses to the surface haemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) proteins, but these can be ineffective against serologically-distinct viral variants and novel subtypes. Thus, there is a great need for cross-protective or “universal” influenza vaccines to overcome the necessity for annual immunization against seasonal influenza and to provide immunity to reduce the severity of infection with pandemic or outbreak viruses. It is well established that natural influenza infection can provide cross-reactive immunity that can reduce the impact of infection with distinct influenza type A strains and subtypes, including H1N1, H3N2, H2N2, H5N1, and H7N9. The key to generating universal influenza immunity through vaccination is to target functionally-conserved regions of the virus, which include epitopes on the internal proteins for cross-reactive T cell immunity or on the HA stem for broadly reactive Ab responses. In the wake of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) have been characterized and isolated from convalescent and vaccinated individuals, inspiring development of new vaccination techniques to elicit such responses. Induction of influenza-specific T cell responses through vaccination has also been recently examined in clinical trials. Strong evidence is available from human and animal models of influenza to show that established influenza-specific T cell memory can reduce viral shedding and symptom severity. However, the published evidence also shows that CD8+ T cells can efficiently select immune escape mutants early after influenza virus infection. Here, we discuss universal immunity to influenza viruses mediated by both cross-reactive T cells and Abs, the mechanisms of immune evasion in influenza, and propose how to counteract commonly occurring immune-escape variants.
The diversity of the N2O reducers matters for the N2O:N2 denitrification end-product ratio across an annual and a perennial cropping system

Agriculture is the main source of terrestrial emissions of N2O, a potent greenhouse gas and the main cause of ozone layer depletion. The reduction of N2O into N2 by microorganisms carrying the nitrous oxide reductase gene (nosZ) is the only biological process known to eliminate this greenhouse gas. Recent studies showed that a previously unknown clade of N2O-reducers was related to the capacity of the soil to act as an N2O sink, opening the way for new strategies to mitigate emissions. Here, we investigated whether the agricultural practices could differently influence the two N2O reducer clades with consequences for denitrification end-products. The abundance of N2O-reducers and producers was quantified by real-time PCR, and the diversity of both nosZ clades was determined by 454 pyrosequencing. Potential N2O production and potential denitrification activity were used to calculate the denitrification gaseous end-product ratio. Overall, the results showed limited differences between management practices but there were significant differences between cropping systems in both the abundance and structure of the nosZII community, as well as in the [rN2O/r(N2O+N2)] ratio. More limited differences were observed in the nosZI community, suggesting that the newly identified nosZII clade is more sensitive than nosZI to environmental changes. Potential denitrification activity and potential N2O production were explained mainly by the soil properties while the diversity of the nosZII clade on its own explained 26% of the denitrification end-product ratio, which highlights the importance of understanding the ecology of this newly identified clade of N2O reducers for mitigation strategies.
Budaya Organisasi Islami Sebagai Upaya Meningkatkan Kinerja

Artikel ini mencoba menggambarkan tentang peran budaya perusahaan khususnya terkait teori budaya organisasi. Budaya organisasi terdiri atas nilai-nilai, keyakinan, dan pemahaman yang diyakini bersama oleh para anggotanya. Budaya mencakup pola pikir, perasaan, dan reaksi yang menjadi pedoman dalam pengambilan keputusan dan aktivitas lain para anggota organisasi. Organisasi yang sukses tampaknya memiliki budaya kerja yang kuat sehingga mampu menarik, menjaga dan memberi balasan bagi siapa saja yang memenuhi kewajiban dan mencapai target. Dalam artikel ini, bebrapa aspek budaya organisasi dikaji dan dianalisis dengan mempertemukan teori dengan kondisi nyata. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menggali fungsi dan eksistensi budaya organisasi. Selain itu dibahas juga tentang bagaimana perkembangan teori organisasi dan dampaknya bagi performa pekerja. D iakhir tulisan disajikan konsep budaya kerja Islami berdasarkan Al-Qur’an dan Hadits. Kata Kunci: Fungsi Budaya Kerja, Karakteristik Budaya Kerja, Budaya Kerja Islami ISLAMIC ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE TO ENHANCE WORK PERFORMANCE Abstract Th is paper tried to describe the role of corporate culture in organization especially how developt organization culture theory . Organization culture is the set of important values, beliefs, and understandings that members share in common. Culture provides patterned ways of thinking, feeling, and reacting that guide decission making and other activities of organization participants. Succesful organizations appear to have strong cultures that attract, hold and reward people for peforming roles and meeting goals. Some aspects of culture be investigated and analyzed by combined of theorytical background in the real context. The paper explored the function, the existence of organization culture in the organization. The paper also explored how to develop the theory of organization culture and discussing their impact to performance of worker. Finally, in the end of the paper, author explained the cracteristic of Islamic organization culture that be adopted from the Holly Al Qur’an and Sunnah Profet Muhammad Saw. Keyword: Function Of Organization Culture, Characteristic Of Conventional Organization Culture, Islamic Organizational Culture
Ensemble methods and partial least squares regression

Recently, there has been increased attention in the literature on the use of ensemble methods in multivariate regression and classification. These methods have been shown to have interesting properties for both regression and classification. In particular, they can improve the accuracy of unstable predictors. Ensemble methods have so far been little studied in situations that are common for calibration and prediction in chemistry, i.e. situations with a large number of collinear x‐variables and few samples. These situations are often approached by data compression methods such as principal component regression (PCR) or partial least squares regression (PLSR). The present paper is an investigation of the properties of different types of ensemble methods used with PLSR in situations with highly collinear x‐data. Bagging and data augmentation by simulated noise are studied. The focus is on the robustness of the calibrations. Real and simulated data are used. The results show that ensembles trained on data with added noise can make PLSR robust against the type of noise added. In particular, the effects of sample temperature variations can be eliminated. Bagging does not seem to give any improvement over PLSR for small and intermediate numbers of components. It is, however, less sensitive to overfitting. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Expression of 3-Mercaptopyruvate Sulfurtransferase in the Mouse

3-Mercaptopyruvate sulfurtransferase (MST) is one of the principal enzymes for the production of hydrogen sulfide and polysulfides in mammalians, and emerging evidence supports the physiological significance of MST. As a fundamental study of the physiology and pathobiology of MST, it is necessary to establish the tissue distribution of MST in mice. In the present study, the expression of MST in various organs of adult and fetal mice was analyzed by Western blotting and enzyme-immunohistochemistry. Moreover, the histology of MST gene–deficient mice was examined. Western blotting revealed that all organs examined had MST. The brain, liver, kidneys testes, and endocrine organs contained large amounts of MST, but the lungs, spleen, thymus, and small intestine did not. Immunohistochemically, the MST expression pattern varies in a cell-specific manner. In the brain, neural and glial cells are positively stained; in the lung, bronchiolar cells are preferentially stained; in the liver, hepatocytes around central veins are more strongly stained; renal convoluted cells are strongly stained; and pancreatic islets are strongly stained. Fetal tissues were studied, and MST expression was found to be similar before and after birth. Histological observation revealed no remarkable findings in MST gene–deficient mice. The present study revealed fundamental information regarding the MST expression of various organs in adult and fetal mice, and the morphological phenotype of MST gene–deficient mice.
Correlation Analysis between Polysomnography Diagnostic Indices and Heart Rate Variability Parameters among Patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Hypopnea Syndrome

Heart rate variability (HRV) can reflect the changes in the autonomic nervous system (ANS) that are affected by apnea or hypopnea events among patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). To evaluate the possibility of using HRV to screen for OSAHS, we investigated the relationship between HRV and polysomnography (PSG) diagnostic indices using electrocardiography (ECG) and PSG data from 25 patients with OSAHS and 27 healthy participants. We evaluated the relationship between various PSG diagnostic indices (including the apnea hypopnea index [AHI], micro-arousal index [MI], oxygen desaturation index [ODI]) and heart rate variability (HRV) parameters using Spearman’s correlation analysis. Moreover, we used multiple linear regression analyses to construct linear models for the AHI, MI, and ODI. In our analysis, the AHI was significantly associated with relative powers of very low frequency (VLF [%]) (r = 0.641, P = 0.001), relative powers of high frequency (HF [%]) (r = -0.586, P = 0.002), ratio between low frequency and high frequency powers (LF/HF) (r = 0.545, P = 0.049), normalized powers of low frequency (LF [n.u.]) (r = 0.506, P = 0.004), and normalized powers of high frequency (HF [n.u.]) (r = -0.506, P = 0.010) among patients with OSAHS. The MI was significantly related to standard deviation of RR intervals (SDNN) (r = 0.550, P = 0.031), VLF [%] (r = 0.626, P = 0.001), HF [%] (r = -0.632, P = 0.001), LF/HF (r = 0.591, P = 0.011), LF [n.u. ] (r = 0.553, P = 0.004), HF [n.u. ] (r = -0.553, P = 0.004), and absolute powers of very low frequency (VLF [abs]) (r = 0.525, P = 0.007) among patients with OSAHS. The ODI was significantly correlated with VLF [%] (r = 0.617, P = 0.001), HF [%] (r = -0.574, P = 0.003), LF [n.u. ] (r = 0.510, P = 0.012), and HF [n.u. ] (r = -0.510, P = 0.012) among patients with OSAHS. The linear models for the PSG diagnostic indices were AHI = -38.357+1.318VLF [%], MI = -13.389+11.297LF/HF+0.266SDNN, and ODI = -55.588+1.715VLF [%]. However, the PSG diagnostic indices were not related to the HRV parameters among healthy participants. Our analysis suggests that HRV parameters are powerful tools to screen for OSAHS patients in place of PSG monitoring.
Altered Neuronal Firing Pattern of the Basal Ganglia Nucleus Plays a Role in Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease

Background: Levodopa therapy alleviates the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease (PD), but long-term treatment often leads to motor complications such as levodopa-induced dyskinesia (LID). Aim: To explore the neuronal activity in the basal ganglia nuclei in patients with PD and LID. Methods: Thirty patients with idiopathic PD (age, 55.1 ± 11.0 years; disease duration, 8.7 ± 5.6 years) were enrolled between August 2006 and August 2013 at the Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, China. Their Hoehn and Yahr (1967) scores ranged from 2–4 and their UPDRS III scores were 28.5 ± 5.2. Fifteen of them had severe LID (UPDRS IV scores of 6.7 ± 1.6). Microelectrode recording was performed in the globus pallidus internus (GPi) and subthalamic nucleus (STN) during pallidotomy (n = 12) or STN deep brain stimulation (DBS; bilateral, n = 12; unilateral, n = 6). The firing patterns and frequencies of various cell types were analyzed by assessing single cell interspike intervals (ISIs) and the corresponding coefficient of variation (CV). Results: A total of 295 neurons were identified from the GPi (n = 12) and STN (n = 18). These included 26 (8.8%) highly grouped discharge, 30 (10.2%) low frequency firing, 78 (26.4%) rapid tonic discharge, 103 (34.9%) irregular activity, and 58 (19.7%) tremor-related activity. There were significant differences between the two groups (p < 0.05) for neurons with irregular firing, highly irregular cluster-like firing, and low-frequency firing. Conclusion: Altered neuronal activity was observed in the basal ganglia nucleus of GPi and STN, and may play important roles in the pathophysiology of PD and LID.