Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mouse Reduced in Osteosclerosis Transporter Functions as an Organic Anion Transporter 3 and Is Localized at Abluminal Membrane of Blood-Brain Barrier

The “reduced in osteosclerosis” transporter (Roct), which shows decreased expression in the osteosclerosis (oc) mutant mouse, has high homology with rat and human organic anion transporter 3 (OAT3). However, its transport properties and involvement in bone turnover are poorly understood. Here, we examined Roct-mediated transport using a Xenopus laevis oocyte expression system. Roct-expressing oocytes exhibited uptake of [3H]estrone sulfate, [3H]p-aminohippuric acid, [3H]benzylpenicillin, [3H]estradiol 17β-glucronide, [3H]indoxyl sulfate, [14C]indomethacin, [3H]homovanillic acid, [3H]cimetidine, [14C]glutarate, [14C]salicylic acid, and [3H]methotrexate. Furthermore, the uptake of [3H]benzylpenicillin by Roct coexpressed with Na+-dicarboxylate cotransporter was trans-stimulated by glutarate preloading, and [3H]estrone sulfate uptake showed a similar tendency, suggesting that Roct is a dicarboxylate exchanger. [3H]Benzylpenicillin uptake by Roct was inhibited by OAT3 substrates and inhibitors, and by sulfate or glucuronide conjugates, and compounds involved in bone turnover. Roct mRNA is expressed abundantly in the kidney and was also detected in the brain, choroid plexus, and eye. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that Roct is localized in brain capillary endothelial cells. These results indicate that the transport properties and tissue distribution of Roct are similar to those of OAT3, suggesting that Roct functions as mouse OAT3. Because Roct is expressed in the kidney and at the blood-brain barrier, it may play a role in the excretion of substrates such as conjugates and bone turnover factors.
A packet scheduling algorithm with interruption factor for cognitive radio

As scarcity of spectrum resource has become a major bottleneck of the development of next generation radio system, Cognitive radio (CR) arises as a hot research topic in wireless communication. Packet scheduling, one important part of radio resource management, plays a vital role in cognitive radio realization. In this paper, we propose a modified proportional fairness scheduling algorithm with interruption factor (MPF-IF) that suits cognitive radio applications. This algorithm considers a priority queue model in the interruption time (The time of primary user's arrival). The primary user has preemptive priority over secondary user, while secondary users are divided into different priority levels based on their different traffic types and interruption factors. Simulation results show that, compared with traditional packet scheduling algorithms, the proposed algorithm provides better QoS guarantee for secondary users' traffics and more fairness for secondary users.
Full paper iCub: the design and realization of an open humanoid platform for cognitive and neuroscience research

The development of robotic cognition and the advancement of understanding of human cognition form two of the current greatest challenges in robotics and neuroscience, respectively. The RobotCub project aims to develop an embodied robotic child (iCub) with the physical (height 90 cm and mass less than 23 kg) and ultimately cognitive abilities of a 2.5-year-old human child. The iCub will be a freely available open system which can be used by scientists in all cognate disciplines from developmental psychology to epigenetic robotics to enhance understanding of cognitive systems through the study of cognitive development. The iCub will be open both in software, but more importantly in all aspects of the hardware and mechanical design. In this paper the design of the mechanisms and structures forming the basic ‘body’ of the iCub are described. The papers considers kinematic structures dynamic design criteria, actuator specification and selection, and detailed mechanical and electronic design. The paper concludes with tests of the performance of sample joints, and comparison of these results with the design requirements and simulation projects.
Parental rearing styles as the predictors of internalised and externalised problems of adolescents

Adolescence is a period that bears a particular risk for the occurrence of difficulties in psychosocial adaptation. This research was aimed at investigating the predictive power of father’s and mother’s rearing styles for the level of internalised (more spe-cifically, anxiety as a trait) and externalised problems on the sample of adolescents (212), aged 12 to 18. The following instruments were used in data collection: the Parental Rearing Style Scale, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI–Y). The obtained results indicate that an emotionally cold father’s style of rearing and the restricting style of rearing of both parents are significant predictors of the level of general anxiety. When it comes to externalisation, it is shown that cold father’s style of rearing is the only significant predictor. The results may contribute to a better understanding of the adaptive capacities of a child and the family in coping with the critical phases in the development of children and youth.
Automatic Prediction of Friendship via Multi-model Dyadic Features

In this paper we focus on modeling friendships between humans as a way of working towards technology that can initiate and sustain a lifelong relationship with users. We do this by predicting friendship status in a dyad using a set of automatically harvested verbal and nonverbal features from videos of the interaction of students in a peer tutoring study. We propose a new computational model used to model friendship status in our data, based on a group sparse model (GSM) with L2,1 norm which is designed to accommodate the sparse and noisy properties of the multi-channel features. Our GSM model achieved the best overall performance compared to a non-sparse linear model (NLM) and a regular sparse linear model (SLM), as well as outperforming human raters. Dyadic features, such as number and length of conversational turns and mutual gaze, in addition to low level features such as F0 and gaze at task, were found to be good predictors of friendship status.
Parental Hope Communication and Parent-Adolescent Constructive Conflict Management: A Multilevel Longitudinal Analysis

ABSTRACT Drawing from relational conflict management research and hope theory, the present study hypothesized that parental hope communication is positively related to constructive parent-adolescent conflict management. Utilizing three waves of longitudinal survey data from 393 Latina/o 6th–8th grade students, we tested the hypotheses using a random intercept cross-lagged panel model, which partitions variance at the between-person and within-person levels over time. At the between-person level, we found that, relative to the sample averages, as Latina/o students reported higher levels of parental hope communication, they tended to report higher levels of constructive conflict over the academic year. At the within-person level, parental hope communication at one time point positively predicted constructive parent-adolescent conflict at the next time point. Our findings inform hope theory, family communication, and positive communication research by demonstrating the potential utility of parental hope communication for increasing constructive conflict in parent-adolescent relationships.
Establishing a relationship between activity reduction in human perirhinal cortex and priming

Perirhinal neurons exhibit reduced firing rates with stimulus repetition, a phenomenon termed “repetition suppression. ” However, relationships between perirhinal repetition suppression and behavioral expressions of memory remain unclear. We used anatomically constrained functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess relationships between perirhinal activity and priming, a type of implicit memory. Priming was expressed as speeded animacy judgments for old versus new words. Concurrently, old words elicited less neural activity in bilateral perirhinal cortex. The magnitude of the left perirhinal activity reduction selectively predicted the magnitude of behavioral priming in an across‐subjects hierarchical linear regression analysis. These findings have implications for considering how perirhinal cortex may contribute to different neurocognitive functions, possibly including both implicit memory and familiarity‐based recognition. This study documents the first evidence linking behavioral measures of priming to information processing in perirhinal cortex. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Topography of neuron loss in the retinal ganglion cell layer in human glaucoma

Aim: To determine if retinal ganglion cell (RGC) loss influences the loss of surrounding RGCs to generate clustered patterns of cell death in human glaucoma. It is hypothesised that retinal ganglion cell loss accelerates the loss of surrounding cells to generate, at a local, cellular scale, clustered patterns of retinal of RGC death. The absence of these interactions would result in a diffuse pattern RGC loss. Method: Six glaucomatous retinas (67–83 years old) and six age-matched control retinas (61–89 years old) were prepared as wholemounts and stained by 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) solution (3 μg/ml in PBS). An area corresponding to central 14° of the visual field was imaged. The nearest-neighbour distribution was determined for cells in both normal and glaucomatous RGCL. Results: Clustered RGC loss in human glaucoma was observed on a background of diffuse loss. The mean nearest-neighbour distance (NND) of the glaucomatous retinas was significantly higher than with controls (p<0.001). The distribution of NND in glaucomatous retinas was skewed to the higher values with a higher positive kurtosis relative to controls. The quantitative analysis of the pattern of cell loss is supported by the visual inspection of the patterns of cell loss. Discussion: The nearest-neighbour analysis is consistent with the presence of two patterns of cell loss in the RGCL in glaucoma. While the diffuse of cell loss can account for an overall reduction in the RGC population, an additional non-random pattern is consistent with the hypothesis that RGC loss has a local influence on the viability of surrounding cells.
Modulation of Voltage-dependent Properties of a Swelling-activated Cl− Current

We used the patch-clamp technique to study the voltage-dependent properties of the swelling-activated Cl− current (I Cl,swell) in BC3H1 myoblasts. This Cl− current is outwardly rectifying and exhibits time-dependent inactivation at positive potentials (potential for half-maximal inactivation of +75 mV). Single-channel Cl− currents with similar voltage-dependent characteristics could be measured in outside-out patches pulled from swollen cells. The estimated single-channel slope conductance in the region between +60 and +140 mV was 47 pS. The time course of inactivation was well described by a double exponential function, with a voltage-independent fast time constant (∼60 ms) and a voltage-dependent slow time constant (>200 ms). Recovery from inactivation, which occurred over the physiological voltage range, was also well described by a double exponential function, with a voltage-dependent fast time constant (10–80 ms) and a voltage-dependent slow time constant (>100 ms). The inactivation process was significantly accelerated by reducing the pH, increasing the Mg2+ concentration or reducing the Cl− concentration of the extracellular solution. Replacing extracellular Cl− by other permeant anions shifted the inactivation curve in parallel with their relative permeabilities (SCN− > I− > NO3 − > Cl− >> gluconate). A leftward shift of the inactivation curve could also be induced by channel blockers. Additionally, the permeant anion and the channel blockers, but not external pH or Mg2+, modulated the recovery from inactivation. In conclusion, our results show that the voltage-dependent properties of I Cl,swell are strongly influenced by external pH , external divalent cations, and by the nature of the permeant anion.
Brown–York energy and radial geodesics

We compare the Brown–York (BY) and the standard Misner–Sharp (MS) quasilocal energies for round spheres in spherically symmetric spacetimes from the point of view of radial geodesics. In particular, we show that the relation between the BY and MS energies is precisely analogous to that between the (relativistic) energy E of a geodesic and the effective (Newtonian) energy Eeff appearing in the geodesic equation, thus shedding some light on the relation between the two. Moreover, for Schwarzschild-like metrics we establish a general relationship between the BY energy and the geodesic effective potential which explains and generalizes the recently observed connection between negative BY energy and the repulsive behaviour of geodesics in the Reissner–Nordström metric. We also comment on the extension of this connection between geodesics and the quasilocal BY energy to regions inside a horizon.
Arc-Welding Spectroscopic Monitoring based on Feature Selection and Neural Networks

A new spectral processing technique designed for application in the on-line detection and classification of arc-welding defects is presented in this paper. A non-invasive fiber sensor embedded within a TIG torch collects the plasma radiation originated during the welding process. The spectral information is then processed in two consecutive stages. A compression algorithm is first applied to the data, allowing real-time analysis. The selected spectral bands are then used to feed a classification algorithm, which will be demonstrated to provide an efficient weld defect detection and classification. The results obtained with the proposed technique are compared to a similar processing scheme presented in previous works, giving rise to an improvement in the performance of the monitoring system.
Incremental adaptation of fuzzy ARTMAP neural networks for video-based face classification

In many practical applications, new training data is acquired at different points in time, after a classification system has originally been trained. For instance, in face recognition systems, new training data may become available to enroll or to update knowledge of an individual. In this paper, a neural network classifier applied to video-based face recognition is adapted through supervised incremental learning of real-world video data. A training strategy based on particle swarm optimization is employed to co-optimize the weights, architecture and hyperparameters of the fuzzy ARTMAP network during incremental learning of new data. The performance of fuzzy ARTMAP is compared under different class update scenarios when incremental learning is performed according to 3 cases-(A) hyperparameters set to standard values, (B) hyperparameters optimized only at the beginning of the learning process with all classes, and (C) hyperparameters re-optimized whenever new training data becomes available. Overall results indicate that when samples from each individual enrolled to the system are employed for optimization, a higher classification rate is achieved and the solutions produced are more robust to variations caused by pattern presentation order. When all classes are refined equally, this is true with incremental learning according to case (C), whereas, if one class is refined at a time, best performance is obtained with case (B). However, optimizing hyperparameters requires more resources: several training sequences are needed to find the optimal solution and fuzzy ARTMAP with hyperparameters optimized according to classification rate tends to generate a high number of category nodes over longer convergence time.
Promoting Ethical and Prosocial Behavior: The Combined Effect of Ethical Leadership and Coworker Ethicality

Ethical leadership encompasses the personal conduct of the leader and the leader’s expectations that followers behave ethically. Building on social learning and social exchange theory, we propose that ethical leadership interacts with coworker ethicality to predict personnel’s ethical intentions and organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). Using data collected from a large organizational sample, we use moderated regression analysis to test the main and interactive effects of ethical leadership and coworker ethicality on ethical intentions and OCB as it relates to conscientiousness, civic virtue, and altruism. Study 1 examines how ethical leadership and coworker ethicality interact to predict ethical intentions using a sample of 1,551 military personnel. Study 2 extends the results of Study 1 by examining how ethical leadership and coworker ethicality interact to predict OCB using a combined sample of 3,363 military and civilian personnel. Consistent with social learning theory, we found positive relationships between ethical leadership and coworker ethicality with ethical outcomes (i.e., intentions and OCB). Consistent with social exchange theory, we found that perceptions of ethical leadership strengthened the relationship between coworker ethicality and ethical intentions and OCB, highlighting the importance of leaders in shaping the behavior of organizational members.
Arabidopsis SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED GENE101 Stabilizes and Signals within an ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY1 Complex in Plant Innate Immunityw⃞

Plant innate immunity against invasive biotrophic pathogens depends on the intracellular defense regulator ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY1 (EDS1). We show here that Arabidopsis thaliana EDS1 interacts in vivo with another protein, SENESCENCE-ASSOCIATED GENE101 (SAG101), discovered through a proteomic approach to identify new EDS1 pathway components. Together with PHYTOALEXIN-DEFICIENT4 (PAD4), a known EDS1 interactor, SAG101 contributes intrinsic and indispensable signaling activity to EDS1-dependent resistance. The combined activities of SAG101 and PAD4 are necessary for programmed cell death triggered by the Toll-Interleukin-1 Receptor type of nucleotide binding/leucine-rich repeat immune receptor in response to avirulent pathogen isolates and in restricting the growth of normally virulent pathogens. We further demonstrate by a combination of cell fractionation, coimmunoprecipitation, and fluorescence resonance energy transfer experiments the existence of an EDS1–SAG101 complex inside the nucleus that is molecularly and spatially distinct from EDS1–PAD4 associations in the nucleus and cytoplasm. By contrast, EDS1 homomeric interactions were detected in the cytoplasm but not inside the nucleus. These data, combined with evidence for coregulation between individual EDS1 complexes, suggest that dynamic interactions of EDS1 and its signaling partners in multiple cell compartments are important for plant defense signal relay.
Tracking control of nonlinear pneumatic actuator systems using static state feedback linearization of the input–output map

To achieve more accurate tracking control, a control strategy for servo pneumatic systems based on the feedback linearization theory is presented. The nonlinear pneumatic actuator system is transformed into a linear system description, with a linear input-output map by regular static state feedback and state coordinate transformation. A servo tracking controller is then developed for the system based on the linear system model. Since there exists an inverse trans- formation for the new coordinate system, the designed servo control is transformed back to the original state coordinates with the original input variables. Two different cases are discussed: the pneumatic cylinder is driven (1) by a single five-port proportional valve and (2) by two three-port proportional valves. At the initial stage, for the convenience of analysis, the static friction forces are ignored. They are treated as uncertainties addition to the system in the la ter sections. For on-line implementation, the controller is simplified to require only position and velocity state variables in its feedback. The simulation results show that th e simplified controller can drive the system to achieve the required tracking accuracy.
Use of Popular Culture Texts in Mother Tongue Education.

The aim of this study was to associate popular culture texts with Turkish language lessons of middle school students. For this purpose, a model was proposed and a suitable curriculum was prepared for this model. It was aimed to determine how this program, which was the result of associating popular culture texts with Turkish language lesson outcomes, operated during classroom practices. The study was designed based on action research principles. The participants of the research were 19 (12 males and 7 females) seventh grade students. These pariticipants were selected according to the criterion sampling technique. Audio and video recording, questionnaire form, student and research diary, observation form, student activity files were used as data collection tools. Descriptive analysis technique was used in the analysis of these data. According to research data, it was seen that the Turkish language lessons associated with popular culture texts contributed to the development of basic language skills and developed a critical perspective on popular culture texts. However, for the action research process, students expressed their opinion that the lessons were fun and related to out of school life.
Glucose deprivation increases tau phosphorylation via P38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase

Alterations of glucose metabolism have been observed in Alzheimer's disease (AD) brain. Previous studies showed that glucose deprivation increases amyloidogenesis via a BACE‐1‐dependent mechanism. However, no data are available on the effect that this condition may have on tau phosphorylation. In this study, we exposed neuronal cells to a glucose‐free medium and investigated the effect on tau phosphorylation. Compared with controls, cells incubated in the absence of glucose had a significant increase in tau phosphorylation at epitopes Ser202/Thr205 and Ser404, which was associated with a selective activation of the P38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase. Pharmacological inhibition of this kinase prevented the increase in tau phosphorylation, while fluorescence studies revealed its co‐localization with phosphorylated tau. The activation of P38 was secondary to the action of the apoptosis signal‐regulating kinase 1, as its down‐regulation prevented it. Finally, glucose deprivation induced cell apoptosis, which was associated with a significant increase in both caspase 3 and caspase 12 active forms. Taken together, our studies reveal a new mechanism whereby glucose deprivation can modulate AD pathogenesis by influencing tau phosphorylation and suggest that this pathway may be a new therapeutic target for AD.
Ab Initio Values of the Thermophysical Properties of Helium as Standards

Recent quantum mechanical calculations of the interaction energy of pairs of helium atoms are accurate and some include reliable estimates of their uncertainty. We combined these ab initio results with earlier published results to obtain a helium-helium interatomic potential that includes relativistic retardation effects over all ranges of interaction. From this potential, we calculated the thermophysical properties of helium, i.e., the second virial coefficients, the dilute-gas viscosities, and the dilute-gas thermal conductivities of 3He, 4He, and their equimolar mixture from 1 K to 104 K. We also calculated the diffusion and thermal diffusion coefficients of mixtures of 3He and 4He. For the pure fluids, the uncertainties of the calculated values are dominated by the uncertainties of the potential; for the mixtures, the uncertainties of the transport properties also include contributions from approximations in the transport theory. In all cases, the uncertainties are smaller than the corresponding experimental uncertainties; therefore, we recommend the ab initio results be used as standards for calibrating instruments relying on these thermophysical properties. We present the calculated thermophysical properties in easy-to-use tabular form.