Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Novel Hysteresis Core Loss Model for Magnetic Laminations

A general dynamic hysteresis core loss model has been developed. Experimental data for different lamination thicknesses have been measured and analyzed at various frequencies. Based on the analysis, a dynamic hysteresis finite element core loss model is established and validated by experiments. The developed dynamic hysteresis model is simple and efficient, and has been shown to be very accurate compared with the experiments. Moreover, the model can calculate core losses based on the input parameters obtained from experimental measurements at only one single frequency in a thin lamination. The model, to our best knowledge, is the first one that is capable of calculating core losses for different thicknesses of materials and different operating frequencies, without a massive experimental database. In addition, only the eddy current and hysteresis models are necessary for this calculation but with the important addition of the variation of the flux density within the lamination.
Effects of Low Confluency, Serum Starvation and Hypoxia on the Side Population of Cancer Cell Lines

The cancer stem cell theory describes a small subset of cancer cells that have the ability to initiate and drive the growth of a tumor. The niche refers to the environmental factors and the surrounding cells within which the tumor develops. The exact relationship between cancer stem cells and the tumor niche is not known. However, using side population analysis by flow cytometry, it is possible to analyze the relationship between environmental stresses and putative cancer stem cells. The side population is a subpopulation of cells that efflux Hoechst 33342 and has been previously shown to be enriched for cancer stem cells. Using this technique, we characterized the response of side population cells to low confluency, serum starvation and hypoxia using three different human cancer cell lines. We found that these stresses, characteristic of the tumor niche enrich the side population of DLD1, SW480 and MCF7 cancer cell lines, thus possibly predisposing the tumor to a more malignant phenotype.
Aggression , empathy and sexual orientation in males ( 1 )

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Single crystal substrates effect on the critical behavior in La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 thin films

In this work we study the substrate influence in magnetic properties and the critical behavior of La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 thin films grown on single-crystal substrate of LaAlO3, SrTiO3 and NdGaO3, using a DC-magnetron sputtering system. All films were growth under the same conditions and with thicknesses close to 130nm. We made measures of magnetization as a function of temperature between 150 and 300 K, around critical temperature (Tc) with different external applied magnetic fields (100 Oe – 30 kOe). X rays measures were made to verify the existence of La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 (LCMO) phase, where we observed two peaks corresponding to the samples with Miller index (020) and (040) that verify the presence of LCMO phase in these thin films. Furthermore, critical exponent (β) was obtained fitting the magnetic measures with a proposed model. β values for each substrate are around 0.25, 0.27 y 0.36, that show an important influence of substrate.
Random Formulas Have Frozen Variables

For a large number of random constraint satisfaction problems, such as random $k$-SAT and random graph and hypergraph coloring, there exist very good estimates of the largest constraint density for which solutions exist. All known polynomial-time algorithms for these problems, though, fail to find solutions even at much lower densities. To understand the origin of this gap one can study how the structure of the space of solutions evolves in such problems as constraints are added. In particular, it is known that much before solutions disappear, they organize into an exponential number of clusters, each of which is relatively small and far apart from all other clusters. Here we further prove that inside every cluster the vast majority of variables are frozen, i.e., take only one value. The existence of such frozen variables gives a satisfying intuitive explanation for the failure of the polynomial-time algorithms analyzed so far. At the same time, our results lend support to one of the two main hypotheses underlying Survey Propagation, a heuristic introduced by physicists in recent years that appears to perform extraordinarily well on random constraint satisfaction problems.
Two-Dimensional Modeling of Functionally Graded Viscoelastic Materials Using a Boundary Element Approach

In this paper, a 2D boundary element approach able to model viscoelastic functionally graded materials (FGM) is presented. A numerical implementation of the Somigliana identity for displacements is developed to solve 2D problems of exponentially graded elasticity. An FGM is an advanced material in which its composition changes gradually resulting in a corresponding change in properties of the material. The FGM concept can be applied to various materials for structural and functional uses. Our model needs only the Green’s function of nonhomogeneous elastostatic problems with material properties that vary continuously along a given dimension. We consider the material properties to be an exponential function of Cartesian coordinates x. As application, a numerical example is provided to validate the proposed boundary integral equation approach.
Prediction of adherence to antiretroviral therapy: can patients’ gender play some role? An Italian pilot study

Abstract Recent literature has shown that adherence to HAART is a multi-faceted phenomenon, which involves both behavioural and psychological features. Therefore, the results obtained so far, though promising, have not yet unambiguously identified the factors that could predict non-adherence. Since any support for strengthening the adherence should take into account the HIV+ patients’ perception of both their state of health and their relational style, this study tried to identify some psychological characteristics involved in the adherence phenomenon. A self-administered battery of tests including the Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ) and the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control Form-C (MHLC-C) was administered to an Italian sample. Results showed significant gender differences between non-adherent and adherent subjects. Specifically, the psychological profile of non-adherent males seemed focused less on relational aspects and perceived relevance of physicians and of ‘significant other people’, whilst that of non-adherent females seemed more ‘relationshiporiented’. This study means to encourage clinicians to plan specific, gender-focused support for enhancing adherence.
Validation of the Calculation and Measurement Techniques of Earth Resistance Values

Much research has been published in the literature on the mathematical approaches to obtain the most accurate earth resistance and resistivity values. However, the published research only conducted the comparisons among the mathematical/computational techniques and so far none has conducted validation tests of these mathematical/computational methods against the real earth resistance measurement at real field sites. Thus, the main contribution of this research is to show the validity of the formulas available in the literature against the measured earth resistance value at field site. The earth resistance values at three field sites for the earthing systems consists of two, three and four rods were obtained with i) calculation, where the earth resistivity is first measured, which later interpreted into 2 layers earth and used to calculate for the earth resistance and ii) measurements using a Fall-of-Potential Method. The results from this present study can help to validate the mathematical approaches in some published work against the measurement results. Also, this is the first time this kind of comparison study between the calculated and measured for two layers soil model is presented, which can help to improve the earth resistance formulas in a future, since the calculation of earth resistance is important especially at the preliminary earthing system designs.
Response to Comment on “The Common R71H-G230A-R293Q Human TMEM173 Is a Null Allele”

In their “Letter to the Editor,” Sivick et al. ([1][1]) disputed our results and conclusion. They claimed human R71H-G230A-R293Q ( HAQ ) STING is “fully functional . ” We stand by our results and conclusion. Below are our responses to their comments. ### Human PBMC studies In contrast to
Ultrasonic and Infrared Sensors Performance in a Wireless Obstacle Detection System

Ultrasonic (US) and infrared (IR) sensors are broadly used in mobile applications for distance measurements. In this project, an obstacle detection system is built based on these two types of sensors. The system is intended for use by the elderly and people with vision impairment. The prototype developed has been tested to detect obstacles and shows accuracies of 95% to 99% for distance measurements if the sensor circuits are calibrated properly and their output linearized. The system also demonstrates good detection for different obstacle materials (e.g., wood, plastic, mirror, plywood and concretes) and colors. The minimum size of an obstacle that the system can detect is 5 cm × 5 cm.
Implementing the “Wisdom of the Crowd”

We study a novel mechanism design model in which agents each arrive sequentially and choose one action from a set of actions with unknown rewards. The information revealed by the principal affects the incentives of the agents to explore and generate new information. We characterize the optimal disclosure policy of a planner whose goal is to maximize social welfare. One interpretation of our result is the implementation of what is known as the “wisdom of the crowd. ” This topic has become increasingly relevant with the rapid spread of the Internet over the past decade.
Acoustic-Emission-Based Characterization of Corrosion Damage in Cracked Concrete with Prestressing Strand

An accelerated corrosion study to assess the feasibility of acoustic emission (AE) for the detection of active corrosion in prestressing strand is described. Concrete prisms with an embedded steel strand were corroded by supplying a constant potential between the strand and a copper plate while the specimens were immersed in a 3% sodium chloride (NaCl) solution. Corrosion was detected using the half-cell potential (HCP), steel section loss, and visual inspection, and the results were compared to AE data. The location of active corrosion was determined experimentally based on the characteristic wave speed. An intensity analysis approach was used to plot the relative significance of the corrosion damage and a classification chart is presented. Results indicate that AE is a useful, nonintrusive technique for the detection and quantification of corrosion damage and may be developed as a structural prognostic tool for maintenance prioritization.
Boron deficiency in woody plants: various responses and tolerance mechanisms

Boron (B) is an essential microelement for higher plants, and its deficiency is widespread around the world and constrains the productivity of both agriculture and forestry. In the last two decades, numerous studies on model or herbaceous plants have contributed greatly to our understanding of the complex network of B-deficiency responses and mechanisms for tolerance. In woody plants, however, fewer studies have been conducted and they have not well been recently synthesized or related to the findings on model species on B transporters. Trees have a larger body size, longer lifespan and more B reserves than do herbaceous plants, indicating that woody species might undergo long-term or mild B deficiency more commonly and that regulation of B reserves helps trees cope with B deficiency. In addition, the highly heterozygous genetic background of tree species suggests that they may have more complex mechanisms of response and tolerance to B deficiency than do model plants. Boron-deficient trees usually exhibit two key visible symptoms: depression of growing points (root tip, bud, flower, and young leaf) and deformity of organs (root, shoot, leaf, and fruit). These symptoms may be ascribed to B functioning in the cell wall and membrane, and particularly to damage to vascular tissues and the suppression of both B and water transport. Boron deficiency also affects metabolic processes such as decreased leaf photosynthesis, and increased lignin and phenol content in trees. These negative effects will influence the quality and quantity of wood, fruit and other agricultural products. Boron efficiency probably originates from a combined effect of three processes: B uptake, B translocation and retranslocation, and B utilization. Root morphology and mycorrhiza can affect the B uptake efficiency of trees. During B translocation from the root to shoot, differences in B concentration between root cell sap and xylem exudate, as well as water use efficiency, may play key roles in tolerance to B deficiency. In addition, B retranslocation efficiency primarily depends on the extent of xylem-to-phloem transfer and the variety and amount of cis-diol moieties in the phloem. The B requirement for cell wall construction also contribute to the B use efficiency in trees. The present review will provide an update on the physiological and molecular responses and tolerance mechanisms to B deficiency in woody plants. Emphasis is placed on the roles of B reserves that are more important for tolerance to B deficiency in trees than in herbaceous plants and the possible physiological and molecular mechanisms of differential B efficiency in trees. We propose that B may be used to study the relationship between the cell wall and the membrane via the B-bridge. Transgenic B-efficient tree cultivars have considerable potential for forestry or fruit rootstock production on low B soils in the future.
Qualitative study of decisions about infant feeding among women in east end of London

Abstract Objective: To improve understanding of how first time mothers who belong to a socioeconomic group with particularly low rates of breast feeding decide whether or not to initiate breast feeding. Design: Qualitative semistructured interviews early in pregnancy and 6-10weeks after birth. Setting: Women's homes in east end of London. Subjects: 21 white, low income women expecting their first baby were interviewed mostly at home, often with their partner or a relative. Two focus groups were conducted. Results: Women who had regularly seen a relative or friend successfully breast feed and described this experience positively were more confident about and committed to breast feeding. They were also more likely to succeed. Exposure to breast feeding, however, could be either a positive or a negative influence on the decision to breast feed, depending on the context. Women who had seen breast feeding only by a stranger often described this as a negative influence, particularly if other people were present. All women knew that breast feeding has health benefits. Ownership of this knowledge, however, varied according to the woman's experience of seeing breast feeding. Conclusions: The decision to initiate breast feeding is influenced more by embodied knowledge gained from seeing breast feeding than by theoretical knowledge about its benefits. Breast feeding involves performing a practical skill, often with others present. The knowledge, confidence, and commitment necessary to breast feed may be more effectively gained through antenatal apprenticeship to a breastfeeding mother than from advice given in consultations or from books.
Maturation of visual callosal connections in visually deprived kittens: a challenging critical period

The number of callosally projecting neurons (callosal neurons) which can be labeled in cortical areas 17 and 18 by horseradish peroxidase (HRP), injected in the contralateral visual cortex, is reduced to about 50% of normal in cats reared with their eyelids bilaterally sutured. In the same animals the density of HRP anterogradely transported to areas 17 and 18 is also decreased. The apparent loss of callosal neurons is limited to layers III and IV (subzone a), whereas layer VI (subzone c) is unaffected. The effect is obtained after 3 months or more but not after 1 month of deprivation. Two months of visual experience following deprivation do not restitute a normal number of callosal neurons. However, 10 days of normal visual experience preceding the deprivation are sufficient to prevent the effects of the latter. Animals deprived of vision after a short period of normal visual experience and animals allowed normal vision after 1 month of visual deprivation have a more widespread distribution of callosal neurons than do normal animals; in this way they are similar to previously described cats reared with convergent or divergent strabismus, monocular enucleation, or monocular eyelid suture. The results suggest that: vision is actively responsible for both the maintenance and the elimination of fractions of the juvenile callosal connections; the elimination which normally takes place during the second postnatal month requires normal binocular vision; and activity-dependent competition between callosal and other axons can explain the role of vision.
Self-adaptation through incremental generative model transformations at runtime

A self-adaptive system uses runtime models to adapt its architecture to the changing requirements and contexts. However, there is no one-to-one mapping between the requirements in the problem space and the architectural elements in the solution space. Instead, one refined requirement may crosscut multiple architectural elements, and its realization involves complex behavioral or structural interactions manifested as architectural design decisions. In this paper we propose to combine two kinds of self-adaptations: requirements-driven self-adaptation, which captures requirements as goal models to reason about the best plan within the problem space, and architecture-based self-adaptation, which captures architectural design decisions as decision trees to search for the best design for the desired requirements within the contextualized solution space. Following these adaptations, component-based architecture models are reconfigured using incremental and generative model transformations. Compared with requirements-driven or architecture-based approaches, the case study using an online shopping benchmark shows promise that our approach can further improve the effectiveness of adaptation (e.g. system throughput in this case study) and offer more adaptation flexibility.
Treatment of Displaced Bicondylar Tibial Plateau Fractures (OTA-41C2&3) in Patients Older Than 60 Years of Age

Objective To investigate the outcome (clinical, radiographic, and general health status) of the surgical treatment of displaced bicondylar tibial plateau fractures (OTA-41C) in patients >60 years old. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting Limb reconstruction service, university teaching hospital. Patients Eleven consecutive patients >60 years old with a mean age of 72 years (range 60 to 90 years). The indications for surgery were displaced bicondylar tibial fractures, open fractures, and fractures with severe soft tissue injury. Intervention All patients were treated according to a standard protocol, which involved limited articular reconstruction and percutaneous intrafragmentary screw fixation, followed by neutralization with a stable beam-loading external fixator and early mobilization. Main Outcome Measurements The clinical outcome was assessed using Rasmussen's system and the Iowa knee score. For general health assessment, the anglicized SF-36 was used. Radiographic assessment was performed for redisplacement and angulation on digitized radiographs. Results After a mean follow-up of 38 months (range 18 to 51 months), bony union was achieved in all patients. Seven of 11 patients started full weight bearing 2 to 6 weeks postoperatively. According to Rasmussen's system, 9 of 11 (82%) scored satisfactory results. Radiographic redisplacement was found in three severely comminuted cases resulting in ≥10° of valgus malunion. One patient received a corrective osteotomy while still in the fixator. Another needed TKA. Limited knee flexion was found in three patients with cross knee fixation. Superficial pin site infection occurred in five patients, but there were no cases of deep infections or septic arthritis. Conclusions All-ring external fixation, as a beam-loading system applied in a neutralizing mode, is a safe, stable, and reliable technique for the treatment of displaced bicondylar tibial plateau fractures in elderly patients.
Acute Poisoning with Neonicotinoid Insecticides: A Case Report and Literature Review

Neonicotinoids are a new class of insecticides widely applied for crop protection. These insecticides act as agonists at nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, which cause insect paralysis and death. The high specificity for receptors in insects was considered to possess highly selective toxicity to insects and relative sparing of mammals. However, an increasing number of cases of acute neonicotinoid poisoning have been reported in recent years. We reported a man who developed respiratory failure and shock after ingestion of neonicotinoid insecticide. A detailed literature review found that respiratory, cardiovascular and certain neurological presentations are warning signs of severe neonicotinoid intoxication. The amounts of ingested neonicotinoid insecticide and the plasma neonicotinoid concentration are not useful guides for the management of intoxicated patients. Supportive treatment and decontamination are the practical methods for the management of all neonicotinoid‐poisoned patients.
Choice is good, but relevance is excellent: autonomy-enhancing and suppressing teacher behaviours predicting students' engagement in schoolwork.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS This article examines two questions concerning teacher-behaviours that are characterised in Self-Determination Theory (Ryan & Deci, 2000) as autonomy-supportive or suppressive: (1) Can children differentiate among various types of autonomy-enhancing and suppressing teacher behaviours? (2) Which of those types of behaviour are particularly important in predicting feelings toward and engagement in schoolwork? It was hypothesised that teacher behaviours that help students to understand the relevance of schoolwork for their personal interests and goals are particularly important predictors of engagement in schoolwork. SAMPLES AND METHODS Israeli students in grades 3-5 (N = 498) and in grades 6-8 (N = 364) completed questionnaires assessing the variables of interest. RESULTS Smallest Space Analyses indicated that both children and early adolescents can differentiate among three types of autonomy enhancing teacher behaviours - fostering relevance, allowing criticism, and providing choice - and three types of autonomy suppressing teacher behaviours - suppressing criticism, intruding, and forcing unmeaningful acts. Regression analyses supported the hypothesis concerning the importance of teacher behaviours that clarify the personal relevance of schoolwork. Among the autonomy-suppressing behaviours, 'Criticism-suppression' was the best predictor of feelings and engagement. CONCLUSIONS The findings underscore the active and empathic nature of teachers' role in supporting students' autonomy, and suggest that autonomy-support is important not only for early adolescents but also for children. Discussion of potential determinants of the relative importance of various autonomy-affecting teacher actions suggests that provision of choice should not always be viewed as a major indicator of autonomy support.