Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Towards Accurate GPU Power Modeling for Smartphones

With the increasingly high power consumption of smartphone GPUs, accurate GPU power modeling is desirable for mobile game developers to optimize the power performance of their game code. However, existing GPU power models for smartphones simply use only GPU utilization to estimate GPU power consumption. In this paper, we observe that GPU utilization fails to capture real usage of modern mobile GPU hardware and thus has a high estimation error on modern smartphones. We discover that the root cause is that different types of GPU operations may consume very different amount of power even they have the same GPU utilization. To improve the accuracy of GPU power modeling, we propose to consider more fine-grained predicators, including vertex-processing load and pixel-processing load, in modeling GPU power consumption. We report how to build such a new GPU model for commercial smartphones and evaluate it using various benchmarks and mobile games. Experimental results show that compared to existing utilization-based model, our new model is able to significantly reduce the maximum modeling error from 14.8% to 6.5%.
Detection efficiency of the VLF World-Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN): initial case study

Abstract. An experimental Very Low Frequency (VLF) World-Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN) has been developed through collaborations with research institutions across the world, providing global real-time locations of lightning discharges. As of April 2006, the network included 25 stations providing coverage for much of the Earth. In this paper we examine the detection efficiency of the WWLLN by comparing the locations from this network with lightning location data purchased from a commercial lightning location network operating in New Zealand. Our analysis confirms that WWLLN favours high peak current return stroke lightning discharges, and that discharges with larger currents are observed by more stations across the global network. We then construct a first principles detection efficiency model to describe the WWLLN, combining calibration information for each station with theoretical modelling to describe the expected amplitudes of the VLF sferics observed by the network. This detection efficiency model allows the prediction of the global variation in WWLLN lightning detection, and an estimate of the minimum CG return stroke peak current required to trigger the network. There are strong spatial variations across the globe, primarily due to station density and sensitivity. The WWLLN is currently best suited to study the occurrence and impacts of high peak-current lightning. For example, in 2005 about 12% of the global elve-producing lightning will have been located by the network. Since the lightning-EMP which produce elves has a high mean rate (210 per minute) it has the potential to significantly influence the ionosphere on regional scales.
On a New Class of Models in Elasticity

Recently, Rajagopal and co-workers have shown (see Rajagopal [1], Rajagopal and Srinivasa [2],[3], Bustamante and Rajagopal[4], Rajagopal and Saccomandi [5]) that if by an elastic body one means a body that is incapable of dissipation, then the class of such bodies is far larger than either Green elastic or for that matter Cauchy elastic bodies as one could model elastic bodies using implicit constitutive relations between the Cauchy stress and the deformation gradient or implicit constitutive relations that are rate equations involving the Piola-Kirchhoff stress and the Green-St.Venant Strain (see Rajagopal and Srinivasa [2]). Such a generalized framework allows one to develop models whose linearization with regard to the smallness of the displacement gradient allows one to obtain models that have limited linearized strains even while the stresses are very large. Such a possibility has important consequences to problems which, within the context of the classical linearized theory, leads to singularities. In this short paper, we illustrate the implications of such models by considering simple problems within the context of a specific model belonging to the general class, wherein the strains remain small as the stresses tend to very large values.
Changes in ranges of Florida Key deer—does population density matter?

Abstract The relationship between population density and range size has long been debated. While many studies have documented varying responses in range size to changes in population densities, most have been the result of experimental manipulation. We examined the effects of long-term density changes in Florida Key deer (Odocoileus virginianus clavium) on range and core-area sizes. We radiocollared Key deer as part of 2 separate research projects conducted December 1968–June 1972, and January 1998–December 2001. We used a total of 96 (females, n=62; males, n=34) and 163 (females, n=88; males, n=75) radiocollared Key deer to calculate annual and seasonal ranges and core areas, respectively. Season and age were not important factors in describing ranges and core areas of Key deer, while sex and period (early vs. current study) were important. On average, male annual ranges (x̄=221 ha, current; x̄=388 ha, early) were greater than female annual ranges (x̄=42 ha, current; x̄=101 ha, early), which might explain higher male mortality due to roadkills. Early ranges and core areas were greater (≈2x) than current ranges and core areas. We suggest that increased deer densities may have resulted in a decrease in Key deer ranges. Other factors influencing changes in Key deer ranges included increased habitat quality and Key deer domestication over the last 30 years.
Ageing and Productivity Growth: Are There Macro-Level Cohort Effects of Human Capital?

Slower growth of the labour force and an increase in old-age dependency will reduce the growth of aggregate output and output per capita in many developed countries. However, a major question is whether there is any systematic link between demographics and the productivity of those who will still be active during the up-coming period of demographic ageing. As productivity is difficult to investigate at a micro level, the paper builds on a large macro-data panel covering developed as well as developing countries and explores the impact of the age composition of the labour force on levels and growth rates of output per worker as well as on total factor productivity (TFP). The results confirm earlier findings by Feyrer (2007), pointing to an inversely U-shaped relationship between the share of workers in different age groups and productivity which mainly works through the TFP channel and is effectively much stronger than what can be observed at a micro level. In-depths analyses suggest that cohort effects in human-capital accumulation may contribute to this pattern, but do not explain it. The paper concludes with simulations for a number of OECD countries showing that the impact of projected ageing of the labour force on productivity and per-capita growth could be really substantial in some cases.
Student Government Presidents' Perceptions of their Role in Institutional Decision-Making at a Two-Year Public College

STUDENT GOVERNMENT PRESIDENTS PERCEPTIONS OF THEIR ROLE IN INSTITUTIONAL DECISION-MAKING AT A TWO-YEAR PUBLIC COLLEGE by Michael L. Sanseviro This qualitative study investigated the roles students play in institutional decisionmaking, and in particular how the students perceive both what their roles should be and what their roles actually are. Five Student Government Association (SGA) presidents, serving sequential one-year terms from 1999 to 2004 at one campus of a multi-campus two-year public college located in a large metropolitan area in the southeast, were interviewed. The qualitative research methodology employed thematic analysis to describe the students' perceptions in the context of both the letter and spirit of policy implementation regarding institutional decision-making. Through analysis of interviews, institutional documents, and documents at the statewide system level, this investigation explored a wide array of variables that affect the roles students play in institutional
GogB Is an Anti-Inflammatory Effector that Limits Tissue Damage during Salmonella Infection through Interaction with Human FBXO22 and Skp1

Bacterial pathogens often manipulate host immune pathways to establish acute and chronic infection. Many Gram-negative bacteria do this by secreting effector proteins through a type III secretion system that alter the host response to the pathogen. In this study, we determined that the phage-encoded GogB effector protein in Salmonella targets the host SCF E3 type ubiquitin ligase through an interaction with Skp1 and the human F-box only 22 (FBXO22) protein. Domain mapping and functional knockdown studies indicated that GogB-containing bacteria inhibited IκB degradation and NFκB activation in macrophages, which required Skp1 and a eukaryotic-like F-box motif in the C-terminal domain of GogB. GogB-deficient Salmonella were unable to limit NFκB activation, which lead to increased proinflammatory responses in infected mice accompanied by extensive tissue damage and enhanced colonization in the gut during long-term chronic infections. We conclude that GogB is an anti-inflammatory effector that helps regulate inflammation-enhanced colonization by limiting tissue damage during infection.
Monotone interaction of walk and graph: recurrence versus transience

We consider recurrence versus transience for models of random walks on growing in time, connected subsets $\mathbb{G}_t$ of some fixed locally finite, connected graph, in which monotone interaction enforces such growth as a result of visits by the walk (or probes it sent), to the neighborhood of the boundary of $\mathbb{G}_t$.
Asymptotic Properties of Lasso+mLS and Lasso+Ridge in Sparse High-dimensional Linear Regression

We study the asymptotic properties of Lasso+mLS and Lasso+Ridge under the sparse high-dimensional linear regression model: Lasso selecting predictors and then modified Least Squares (mLS) or Ridge estimating their coefficients. First, we propose a valid inference procedure for parameter estimation based on parametric residual bootstrap after Lasso+mLS and Lasso+Ridge. Second, we derive the asymptotic unbiasedness of Lasso+mLS and Lasso+Ridge. More specifically, we show that their biases decay at an exponential rate and they can achieve the oracle convergence rate of $s/n$ (where $s$ is the number of nonzero regression coefficients and $n$ is the sample size) for mean squared error (MSE). Third, we show that Lasso+mLS and Lasso+Ridge are asymptotically normal. They have an oracle property in the sense that they can select the true predictors with probability converging to 1 and the estimates of nonzero parameters have the same asymptotic normal distribution that they would have if the zero parameters were known in advance. In fact, our analysis is not limited to adopting Lasso in the selection stage, but is applicable to any other model selection criteria with exponentially decay rates of the probability of selecting wrong models.
Redistribution, income cum investment subsidy tax competition and capital flight in growing economies

This paper complements Rehme (1995) and reconsiders the tradeoff between growth and redistribution in a two-country world with endogenous growth, tax competition, and capital income cum investment subsidy tax scheme, perfect capital mobility, extreme investment behaviour, two classes in each country and governments with opposing preferences. It is shown that in a closed economy this tax scheme allows higher growth than a wealth tax scheme if the capital owners are sufficiently impatient. Also, a left-wing government's country grows faster than a right-wing government's one. In a two-country world with equal technological efficiency, no redistribution takes place and both countries act as left-wing governments for fear of capital flight. With efficiency differences the efficient country will always get all the capital. The rightwing government cannot use its domestically preferred policy. An efficient left-wing government can redistribute out of its efficiency advantage vis-a-vis a right or left-wing opponent and experience high growth. Efficient right and left-wing governments' countries grow at the same rate.
Scaling Laws for Advection-dominated Flows: Applications to Low-Luminosity Galactic Nuclei

We present analytical scaling laws for self-similar advection-dominated flows. The spectra from these systems range from 108 to 1020 Hz and are determined by considering cooling of electrons through synchrotron, bremsstrahlung, and Compton processes. We show that the spectra can be quite accurately reproduced without detailed numerical calculations and that there is a strong testable correlation between the radio and X-ray fluxes from these systems. We describe how different regions of the spectrum scale with the mass of the accreting black hole, M, the accretion rate of the gas, Ṁ, and the equilibrium temperature of the electrons, Te. We show that the universal radio spectral index of 1/3 observed in most elliptical galaxies (Slee et al.) is a natural consequence of self-absorbed synchrotron radiation from these flows. We also give expressions for the total luminosity of these flows and the critical accretion rate, Ṁcrit, above which the advection solutions cease to exist. We find that for most cases of interest, the equilibrium electron temperature is fairly insensitive to M, Ṁ, and parameters in the model. We apply these results to low-luminosity black holes in galactic nuclei. We show that the problem posed by Fabian & Canizares of whether bright elliptical galaxies host dead quasars is resolved, as pointed out recently by Fabian & Rees, by considering advection-dominated flows.
Design of a Novel Experimental Facility for Testing of Tidal Arrays

In order to obtain the maximum amount of energy from tidal stream extraction devices, deployment in large arrays should be studied. The area of seabed with favorable conditions is fairly limited; therefore layout spacing has to be optimized. In this paper a feasibility study for a novel experimental facility, suitable for the testing of an array of tidal devices, is presented. To avoid space and scale limitations of towing tanks, testing is proposed to be performed in large lakes or calm seas using a self-propelled vessel, which will carry an array of devices with variable spacing, creating relevant speed differences and measuring their performance and loading. Using hydrodynamic scaling laws, an appropriate size for test turbines and the range of vessel speed was determined to fulfill experimental requirements. Computational fluid dynamic simulations, using the actuator disc method, have suggested a suitable turbine array configuration to resemble real application conditions. A simplified model of the vessel was analyzed using the finite elements method to determine the main scantlings. The hull resistance calculated by empirical formulae was found to be negligible compared to the resistance of the tested turbine. It was confirmed that turbine size and speed determined by scaling laws are also reasonable from a propulsion point of view.
Evaluating Key Logistics Capabilities for International Distribution Center Operators in Taiwan

This study empirically evaluates key logistics capabilities for international distribution center operators. Based on factor analysis, four key logistics capabilities were identified: customer response, innovation, economic scale, and flexible operation and logistics knowledge. The findings suggest that customer response capability is perceived as the most important logistics capability, followed by flexible operation and logistics knowledge, innovation, then economic scale capability. Results also indicate that customer response capability differs significantly between public and private international distribution center operators. Theoretical and managerial implications of the research findings are discussed.
When are toeholds not toeholds ?

It is well documented in the mergers and acquisitions literature that acquirers rarely establish a toehold prior to making a control offer for a target. Between 1990 and 2005, SDC recorded toeholds in only 1.21% of the 3,548 control offers for public companies. The infrequency of toeholds is not suggestive of infrequent inter-corporate investments – over the same period, SDC reported 3,323 partial, or non-control, acquisitions of public companies. In our working sample of 2,981 control offers, close to 8% were preceded by a partial acquisition in the prior two years. The purpose of this paper is twofold – first, to document the characteristics of partial acquisitions and secondly, to examine the motivation for establishing a position in a merger target while not following through with a control offer. We examine the long-run performance of targets in partial acquisitions prior to the transaction and find that partial acquisitions involving poorly-performing targets are more likely to be followed by control offers. However, in over 85% of these cases, the acquirer of control is not the same firm as the partial buyer. We find evidence suggesting that the abnormal return at the time of the partial acquisition may be in anticipation of a subsequent control offer. In our sample, financial bidders are the major participants in partial acquisition. 1 John Molson School of Business, Concordia University,1455, boul. De Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3G 1M8, sbett@jmsb.concordia. ca 2 MSc Student, John Molson School of Business, Concordia University, 1455, boul. De Maisonneuve Ouest, Montreal, QC, Canada, H3G 1M8, p_veeren@jmsb.concordia. ca 1
On Generalized Uncertainty Principle

We study generalized uncertainty principle through the basic concepts of limit and Fourier transformation and analyze both the quantum theory of gravity and string theory from the perspective of complex function theory. Motivated from the noncommutative nature of string theory, we have proposed a UV/IR mixing dependent function $ \tilde{\delta}(\Delta x,\Delta k, \epsilon) $. For a given $ \tilde{\delta}(\Delta x,\Delta k, \epsilon) $, we arrived at the string uncertainty principle from the analyticity condition of a complex function, which depends upon UV cut-off of the theory. This non trivially modifies the quantum measurements, black hole physics and short distance geometries. The present analysis is based on the postulate that the Planck scale is the minimal length scale in nature. Furthermore, our consideration is in perfect agreement with the existence of the maximum length scale in nature. Both of the above length scales rely only upon the analysis of $ \tilde{\delta}(\Delta x,\Delta k, \epsilon) $ and do not directly make use of any specific structure of the theory or Hamiltonian. The Regge behavior of the string spectrum and the quantization of the horizon area of a black hole are natural consequences of the function $ \tilde{\delta}(\Delta x,\Delta k, \epsilon) $. It is hereby anticipated that $ \tilde{\delta}(\Delta x,\Delta k, \epsilon) $ contains all possible corrections operating in nature, and thus a promising possibility to reveal important clues towards the geometric origin of $M$-theory.
The HERMES-13 macroeconomic model of the Irish economy

The HERMES macroeconomic model has been used extensively for over 25 years to carry out medium-term forecasting and scenario analysis of the Irish economy. Most recently the model has been used to generate the scenarios underpinning the 2013 edition of the ESRI's Medium-Term Review. In the long period over which the model has been used for policy analysis, the Irish economy has undergone substantial change and new approaches to modelling important economic relationships have been developed. This paper outlines the structure and behaviour of the most recent version of the HERMES model (HERMES-13). We describe the key mechanisms and the modelling innovations which have been introduced to deal with major changes in the economy. As the model draws on a range of research on the Irish economy, we describe how this work has been incorporated into the model to better capture key economic relationships. Finally, we examine the results of a series of shocks to key variables carried out using the model. This provides a benchmark against which to evaluate the long-run properties of the model as well as illustrating how the model can shed light on the key transmission channels in the economy. This paper, and the accompanying detailed model listing and estimation output, provides a basic reference manual that practitioners and interested parties can use to interpret model output and, it is hoped, make suggestions for further model development and improvement.
A Transcendental Phenomenological Study that Examines African American Male Students' Perception of Factors that Contribute to Academic Success at a Four-Year College

The purpose of this qualitative transcendental phenomenological study was to examine African American males’ perceptions of factors contributing to academic success. The central research question that guided this study is as follows: What factors do African American male students perceive as contributing to their academic success in attaining a four-year college degree? The information in this study could provide knowledge to other African American males, their families, and teachers regarding how these men could experience the same academic success as the participants. The participants consisted of 14 African American males from East Tennessee who graduated from a four-year college. The theories guiding this study are Oghu’s (1986) theory of racial identity development, Bandura’s (1977) social cognitive theory, Vygotsky’s (1962) sociocultural theory, and Bourdieu’s (1979) cultural/social capital theory. Data was collected through individual interviews, a focus group, and a personal narrative from the men participating in the study. The data collected during these interactions was analyzed, and the information that was gathered from this analysis was then separated into meaning and unit themes. These themes were then synthesized into a description of the experiences of the individuals. Once this description was formed, it was used to construct a description of the meaning and essence of the participants’ experiences regarding this study (Moustakas, 1994).
Separating Spike Count Correlation from Firing Rate Correlation

Abstract Populations of cortical neurons exhibit shared fluctuations in spiking activity over time. When measured for a pair of neurons over multiple repetitions of an identical stimulus, this phenomenon emerges as correlated trial-to-trial response variability via spike count correlation (SCC). However, spike counts can be viewed as noisy versions of firing rates, which can vary from trial to trial. From this perspective, the SCC for a pair of neurons becomes a noisy version of the corresponding firing rate correlation (FRC). Furthermore, the magnitude of the SCC is generally smaller than that of the FRC and is likely to be less sensitive to experimental manipulation. We provide statistical methods for disambiguating time-averaged drive from within-trial noise, thereby separating FRC from SCC. We study these methods to document their reliability, and we apply them to neurons recorded in vivo from area V4 in an alert animal. We show how the various effects we describe are reflected in the data: within-trial effects are largely negligible, while attenuation due to trial-to-trial variation dominates and frequently produces comparisons in SCC that, because of noise, do not accurately reflect those based on the underlying FRC.