Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Delayed-onset posttraumatic stress disorder: a systematic review of the evidence.

OBJECTIVE Since the diagnosis of delayed-onset posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) was introduced in DSM-III, there has been controversy over its prevalence and even its existence. The authors sought to resolve discrepant findings concerning the prevalence of delayed-onset PTSD by conducting a systematic review of the evidence. METHOD A literature search was conducted for case reports and group studies with adequate measurement of delayed-onset PTSD according to DSM criteria. Studies that met inclusion criteria were examined for the defined length of delay for delayed-onset PTSD, presence of symptoms before full diagnostic criteria were met, length of follow-up, prevalence estimates, and other variables. Studies were also examined for differences between immediate-onset PTSD, delayed-onset PTSD, and no-PTSD cases. RESULTS Ten case studies and 19 group studies met criteria for inclusion in the review. Studies consistently showed that delayed-onset PTSD in the absence of any prior symptoms was rare, whereas delayed onsets that represented exacerbations or reactivations of prior symptoms accounted on average for 38.2% and 15.3%, respectively, of military and civilian cases of PTSD. CONCLUSIONS The discrepant findings in the literature concerning prevalence can be largely, but not completely, explained as being due to definitional issues. Little is known about what distinguishes the delayed-onset and immediate-onset forms of the disorder. Continuing scientific study of delayed-onset PTSD would benefit if future editions of DSM were to adopt a definition that explicitly accepts the likelihood of at least some prior symptoms.
Dissatisfaction with own body makes patients with eating disorders more sensitive to pain

Body image represents a multidimensional concept including body image evaluation and perception of body appearance. Disturbances of body image perception are considered to be one of the central aspects of anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. There is growing evidence that body image distortion can be associated with changes in pain perception. The aim of our study was to examine the associations between body image perception, body dissatisfaction, and nociception in women with eating disorders and age-matched healthy control women. We measured body dissatisfaction and pain sensitivity in 61 patients with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth Edition diagnoses of eating disorders (31 anorexia nervosa and 30 bulimia nervosa) and in 30 healthy women. Thermal pain threshold latencies were evaluated using an analgesia meter and body image perception and body dissatisfaction were assessed using Anamorphic Micro software (digital pictures of their own body distorted into larger-body and thinner-body images). Patients with eating disorders overestimated their body size in comparison with healthy controls, but the two groups did not differ in body dissatisfaction. In anorexia and bulimia patient groups, body dissatisfaction (calculated in pixels as desired size/true image size) correlated with pain threshold latencies (r=0.55, p=0.001), while between body image perception (determined as estimation size/true image size) and pain threshold, no correlation was found. Thus, we demonstrated that in patients with eating disorders, pain perception is significantly associated with emotional contrary to sensory (visual) processing of one’s own body image. The more the patients desired to be thin, the more pain-sensitive they were. Our findings based on some shared mechanisms of body dissatisfaction and pain perception support the significance of negative emotions specific for eating disorders and contribute to better understanding of the psychosomatic characteristics of this spectrum of illnesses.
Partnerships and development policies in Greece: a firmsÂ¢ appreciation using CFA analysis

As very important for the materialization of local development and competitiveness policies is regarded the role of local authorities, especially with regards to the planning of and the implementation of local initiatives, promotion strategies and the city image on international level as well. This reflects the drive for growth mixed with the attempt to increase social responsibility, decrease worklessness and increase local entrepreneurship. The main priority of planning and developing these strategies focuses on the viable development of the local societies with an emphasis on more than just the economic development, since the existence of local authorities with entrepreneurial orientation derives as a basic need, mainly the last twenty years. In addition, partnerships are vital to any sustainable redevelopment program because they foster communications and the building of cooperation and trust between relevant stakeholders. Groups such as community development organizations, chambers of commerce, or business councils can contribute to the process of local economic development. The present research investigates the importance of selected local development policies for SME enterprises in Thessaloniki one of the metropolis of south Europe. The field research has been implemented by administering questionnaires on a representative sample of 227 enterprises. These enterprises have been selected through a stratified random sampling where strata are related to the main economic sector. The added value of this research is essential since there are only few similar researches in South east Europe and in Greece. The present research brings on important issues and questions about local economic development because it presents directly the estimations and views of a large number of local enterprises that reflect the image of local economy. Finally, this research gives a satisfactory overview of the inner growth of Thessaloniki and further the results could lead to an evaluation, planning, implementation, rejection or reconstruction of specific actions and policies locally. Further to EFA analysis, a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) has been implemented for two groups of firms: the ones having already developed active partnerships with local groups or actors and the other ones without such an experience. Through CFA, the objective is not only to appreciate which of the initial variables (reflecting alternatives policies) affect intensively the EFA components but also to assess which policies are perceived by firms as the most determinant in terms of partnershipsÂ¢ development and improvement of competitiveness according to their sector of operation.
Nonivamide, a capsaicin analog, increases dopamine and serotonin release in SH-SY5Y cells via a TRPV1-independent pathway.

SCOPE Dietary intake of capsaicin has been shown to reduce body weight by increasing energy expenditure, and to enhance alertness and mood by stimulating the brain's reward system. Binding of capsaicin to the vanilloid receptor 1 (transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1)) is one of the major cellular mechanisms responsible for these effects. However, strong TRPV1 agonists like capsaicin elicit a sharp, burning pain that limits their dietary intake. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of the less pungent capsaicin-analog nonivamide on dopamine and serotonin release in neural SH-SY5Y cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Nonivamide (1 μM) stimulated the Ca(2+) -dependent release of serotonin (272 ± 115%) and dopamine (646 ± 48%) in SH-SY5Y cells compared to nontreated cells (100%) to a similar extent as capsaicin. qRT-PCR analysis of 1 μM nonivamide-treated SH-SY5Y cells revealed gene regulation of the receptors dopamine D1 and D2, serotonin HTR1A, 1B and 2A, cannabinoid 1, and TRPV1. Co-incubation experiments of SH-SY5Y cells with the TRPV1 inhibitors trans-tert-butylcyclohexanol and capsazepine demonstrated that capsaicin, but not nonivamide, induces serotonin and dopamine release through TRPV1 activation. CONCLUSION The results indicate a TRPV1-independent signaling pathway for nonivamide that might allow dietary administration of higher doses of nonivamide compared to capsaicin.
Numerical simulation on impingement heat transfer characteristics in ultra fast cooling

Numerical simulation was performed to investigate convective heat transfer at the impinging zone of non-immersed pipe jet with Fluent in the ultra fast cooling process, and some influencing factors on heat transfer such as jet direction-to-plate angle, jet pressure (velocity), nozzle-to-impinging plate spacing (height), nozzle interval, nozzle diameter, and surface temperature of the plate were analyzed and designed. The results show that, in the ultra fast cooling process, the reasonable jet direction-to-plate angle is between 30 ° and 45 °; the economic water pressure is generally about 0.6MPa no more than 1.0MPa; since nozzle-to-impinging plate spacing (height) has little influence on the heat transfer coefficient due to the large water speed, nozzle-to-impinging plate spacing (height) is generally adjusted between 300 and 400mm; the nozzle interval should be set properly according to the dynamic relationship of the nozzle diameter and the jet acting zone, besides the maximum average heat transfer coefficient and the most efficient heat transfer will be got while nozzle interval is between 30mm and 40mm under the certain flow rate; considering the efficiency and the uniformity of heat transfer, the reasonable nozzle diameter should be set at 4mm. The model accuracy and correctness are proved by experiments under different test conditions, which show that simulation results are reliable and reasonable.
Amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and biochemical typing of Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae

Aims: The aim of the present study was to characterize subspecifically Photobacterium damselae subsp. damselae strains isolated from cultured Sparus aurata and Dicentrarchus labrax by means of phenotypic and molecular typing techniques (amplified fragment length polymorphism, AFLP). Methods and Results: Seventy‐one strains of P. damselae subsp. damselae were isolated from 38 cultured fishes at different fish farms located on the Mediterranean coast near Valencia, Spain. Most fish studied were asymptomatic and some were recovered during infectious outbreaks. Phenotypic characterization revealed a considerable degree of variability within the subspecies, including some characters, such as production of urease, which are used to differentiate P. damselae subsp. damselae from P. damselae subsp. piscicida. Genetic characterization was conducted on a selection of 33 strains, including two reference strains. Dice coefficient (Sd) and the unweighted pair group method with average linkage (UPGMA) were used for numerical analysis of banding patterns. AFLP type was defined on the basis of 100% similarity in the dendrogram obtained, yielding 24 distinct AFLP profiles. At 70% similarity, 13 clusters were defined, thus confirming the great variability observed for the phenotypic traits. Conclusions: The AFLP variability shown by the isolates was high enough to discriminate between different strains which colonize the same fish. However, closely related AFLP types were usually derived from strains isolated at the same fish farm, indicating an epidemiological relationship. Significance and Impact of the Study: This study has confirmed that the AFLP technique allows discrimination of individual strains within P. damselae subsp. damselae for epidemiological studies, and that this subspecies exhibits greater variability than that described for subspecies piscicida.
New algorithm for design of low complexity twiddle factor multipliers in radix-2 FFT

In this paper, a new design algorithm is proposed to synthesize low complexity twiddle factor multipliers in radix-2 FFT. A prudently defined cost function has been proposed as a measure of hardware complexity when generating trigonometric expressions for the complex multiplier coefficients. The selected trigonometric expressions of the coefficients lead to cost efficient implementation of twiddle factor multipliers by maximizing the sharing of both trigonometric expressions and weight-two common subexpressions in the coefficients. The effectiveness of the proposed design algorithm are demonstrated using two design examples where the proposed solution saves up to 31% of arithmetic operator and multiplexer costs over other existing methods.
Psychoeducational treatment for school-aged children with bipolar disorder

Bipolar disorder (BPD) has received increasing attention from public and professional sources. Although pharmacologic treatments are considered the sine qua non in the treatment of youth with BPD, psychosocial interventions are critical to assist the child and family cope with symptoms that carry with them significant morbidity and mortality. Treatments developed to date are few in number; all are psychoeducationally based, using cognitive–behavioral and family systems interventions within a biopsychosocial framework. This paper reviews possible mediators of outcome, including caregiver concordance, children's social skills, hopelessness, and family stress. The author has developed two family-based psychoeducational interventions for the treatment of youth with BPD: multifamily psychoeducation groups (MFPG) and individual family psychoeducation (IFP). These treatments are both described and the results from a previously published randomized clinical trial (RCT) of MFPG are summarized. Then, new findings from an RCT of IFP are presented, along with preliminary pilot data from an expanded version of IFP. The paper concludes with recommendations for future research.This paper was supported by grants to the author from the National Institute of Mental Health (R01-MH61512) and the Ohio Department of Mental Health (ODMH-743074 and 734030).
Building Extraction from High-Resolution Aerial Imagery Using a Generative Adversarial Network with Spatial and Channel Attention Mechanisms

Segmentation of high-resolution remote sensing images is an important challenge with wide practical applications. The increasing spatial resolution provides fine details for image segmentation but also incurs segmentation ambiguities. In this paper, we propose a generative adversarial network with spatial and channel attention mechanisms (GAN-SCA) for the robust segmentation of buildings in remote sensing images. The segmentation network (generator) of the proposed framework is composed of the well-known semantic segmentation architecture (U-Net) and the spatial and channel attention mechanisms (SCA). The adoption of SCA enables the segmentation network to selectively enhance more useful features in specific positions and channels and enables improved results closer to the ground truth. The discriminator is an adversarial network with channel attention mechanisms that can properly discriminate the outputs of the generator and the ground truth maps. The segmentation network and adversarial network are trained in an alternating fashion on the Inria aerial image labeling dataset and Massachusetts buildings dataset. Experimental results show that the proposed GAN-SCA achieves a higher score (the overall accuracy and intersection over the union of Inria aerial image labeling dataset are 96.61% and 77.75%, respectively, and the F1-measure of the Massachusetts buildings dataset is 96.36%) and outperforms several state-of-the-art approaches.
Detection of Silent Type I Choroidal Neovascular Membrane in Chronic Central Serous Chorioretinopathy Using En Face Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography

Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of SS-OCTA in the detection of silent CNV secondary to chronic CSCR compared to that of FFA and SS-OCT. Patients and Methods A retrospective observational case series reviewing the clinical data, FFA, SS-OCT, and SS-OCTA images of patients with chronic CSCR, and comparing the findings. SS-OCTA detects the CNV complex and delineates it from the surrounding pathological features of chronic CSCR by utilizing the blood flow detection algorithm, OCTARA, and the ultrahigh-definition B-scan images of the retinal microstructure generated by swept-source technology. The bivariate correlation procedure was used for the calculation of the correlation matrix of the variables tested. Results The study included 60 eyes of 40 patients. Mean age was 47.6 years. Mean disease duration was 14.5 months. SS-OCTA detected type 1 CNV in 5 eyes (8.3%). In all 5 eyes, FFA and SS-OCT were inconclusive for CNV. The presence of foveal thinning, opaque material beneath irregular flat PED, and increased choroidal thickness in chronic CSCR constitutes a high-risk profile for progression to CNV development. Conclusion Silent type 1 CNV is an established complication of chronic CSCR. SS-OCTA is indispensable in excluding CNV especially in high-risk patients and whenever FFA and SS-OCT are inconclusive.
Clothes Make the Person? The Tailoring of Legitimating Accounts and the Social Construction of Identity

We empirically explore the legitimating accounts for and against policies precluding workplace discrimination against gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender people, focusing on how agents working at both the national level and within organizations use broader cultural accounts in building their legitimating accounts in local settings. The diffusion perspective in institutional theory has portrayed how agents import 'ready-to-wear' cultural accounts. In contrast, translation theory depicts how agents interpret and adapt cultural accounts as they fashion them into legitimating accounts for a local setting. An alternative would theorize accounts that are neither strictly borrowed nor idiosyncratically tailored. We advanced a third perspective, drawing on frame analysis as it is used in social movement theory. Framing theory attends to both the importance of cultural building blocks and the embedded ways in which agents relate to and shape systems of meaning and mobilize collective action to change social arrangements. We find that legitimating accounts are intertwined with the construction of social identities, which serve to legitimate, on the one hand, an account maker's participation in the discourse and set of claims, and on the other hand, the involvement of proponents and crucial audiences. We suggest that the mobilizing potential of legitimating accounts rests in part on their messages becoming 'autocommunicational,' so that listeners identify themselves with the message.
Comparison of Replication-Competent, First Generation, and Helper-Dependent Adenoviral Vaccines

All studies using human serotype 5 Adenovirus (Ad) vectors must address two major obstacles: safety and the presence of pre-existing neutralizing antibodies. Helper-Dependent (HD) Ads have been proposed as alternative vectors for gene therapy and vaccine development because they have an improved safety profile. To evaluate the potential of HD-Ad vaccines, we compared replication-competent (RC), first-generation (FG) and HD vectors for their ability to induce immune responses in mice. We show that RC-Ad5 and HD-Ad5 vectors generate stronger immune responses than FG-Ad5 vectors. HD-Ad5 vectors gave lower side effects than RC or FG-Ad, producing lower levels of tissue damage and anti-Ad T cell responses. Also, HD vectors have the benefit of being packaged by all subgroup C serotype helper viruses. We found that HD serotypes 1, 2, 5, and 6 induce anti-HIV responses equivalently. By using these HD serotypes in heterologous succession we showed that HD vectors can be used to significantly boost anti-HIV immune responses in mice and in FG-Ad5-immune macaques. Since HD vectors have been show to have an increased safety profile, do not possess any Ad genes, can be packaged by multiple serotype helper viruses, and elicit strong anti-HIV immune responses, they warrant further investigation as alternatives to FG vectors as gene-based vaccines.
Optimum GF(2N) encoders using left-circulate function for PSK-TCM schemes

Phase shift keying - trellis coded modulation (PSK-TCM) schemes are designed using recursive systematic convolutional (RSC) encoders over Galois field GF(2N). These encoders are designed using the nonlinear left-circulate (LCIRC) function. The LCIRC function performs a bit left circulation over the representation word. Different encoding rates are obtained for these encoders when using different representation wordlengths at the input and the output, denoted as Nin and N, respectively. A generalized 1-delay GF(2N) RSC encoder scheme using LCIRC is proposed for performance analysis and optimization, for any possible encoding rate, Nin/N. The minimum Euclidian distance is estimated for these PSK-TCM schemes and a general expression is found as a function of the wordlengths Nin and N. The symbol error rate (SER) is estimated by simulation for PSK-TCM transmissions over an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel.
Uric acid: an important antioxidant in acute ischaemic stroke.

An association between raised serum uric acid (UA) concentration and increased cardiovascular risk has been recognized for over 50 years.1 A number of major epidemiological studies have identified high UA concentrations as an important risk marker for stroke in unselected populations. Furthermore, raised serum UA concentrations are associated with increased risk of stroke in high risk patient groups, for example those with hypertension or type 2 diabetes mellitus.2,,3 However, the significance of these relationships remains subject to considerable debate. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have shown UA to be a powerful free radical scavenger in humans and, paradoxically, these antioxidant properties could be expected to offer a number of benefits within the cardiovascular system.4 No potential biological mechanisms are known by which raised UA concentrations could influence the development of stroke. Therefore, it is unclear whether high UA concentrations promote or protect against the development of cardiovascular disease, or simply act as a passive marker of increased risk. Not only has there been speculation surrounding the possible effects of UA on development of atherosclerosis but, over recent years, increasing attention has been paid to its potential role in the disease manifestations that ensue. In particular, emerging evidence suggests that UA plays an important role in acute ischaemic stroke, as a consequence of its antioxidant properties. Cerebral infarction initiates a complex cascade of metabolic events in the surrounding tissue, and free‐radical‐mediated oxidative damage plays a key role in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischaemia.5 Free radicals are …