Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
SNX18 is an SNX9 paralog that acts as a membrane tubulator in AP-1-positive endosomal trafficking

SNX9, SNX18 and SNX30 constitute a separate subfamily of PX-BAR-containing sorting nexin (SNX) proteins. We show here that most tissues express all three paralogs, and immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence experiments demonstrated that the SNX9-family proteins act as individual entities in cells. Their SH3 domains displayed a high selectivity for dynamin 2, and the PX-BAR units had the capacity to tubulate membranes when expressed in HeLa cells. As previously described for the PX-BAR domain of SNX9 (SNX9-PX-BAR), purified SNX18-PX-BAR caused liposome tubulation in vitro and had a binding preference for PtdIns(4,5)P2. However, contrary to SNX9, which primarily acts in clathrin-mediated endocytosis at the plasma membrane, endogenous SNX18 localized to AP-1- and PACS1-positive endosomal structures, which were devoid of clathrin and resistant to Brefeldin A. Moreover, a γ-adaptin recognition motif was defined in a low-complexity region of SNX18, and a complex of endogenous SNX18 and AP-1 could be immunoprecipitated after Brefeldin A treatment. Overexpression of SNX18 sequestered AP-1 from peripheral endosomes and resulted in the formation of short SNX18-decorated tubes with distinct dynamin puncta. The results indicate that SNX9-family members make up discrete membrane-scission units together with dynamin, and suggest that SNX18 mediates budding of carriers for AP-1-positive endosomal trafficking.
A Novel Multi-Objective Optimal Approach for Wind Power Interval Prediction

Numerous studies on wind power forecasting show that random errors found in the prediction results cause uncertainty in wind power prediction and cannot be solved effectively using conventional point prediction methods. In contrast, interval prediction is gaining increasing attention as an effective approach as it can describe the uncertainty of wind power. A wind power interval forecasting approach is proposed in this article. First, the original wind power series is decomposed into a series of subseries using variational mode decomposition (VMD); second, the prediction model is established through kernel extreme learning machine (KELM). Three indices are taken into account in a novel objective function, and the improved artificial bee colony algorithm (IABC) is used to search for the best wind power intervals. Finally, when compared with other competitive methods, the simulation results show that the proposed approach has much better performance.
Change in epworth sleepiness scale after surgical treatment of obstructive sleep apnea

To evaluate the effect of surgical intervention for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on patients' level of excessive daytime sleepiness as determined by the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). The ESS questionnaire is a validated measure of subjective daytime sleepiness. There have been several studies that have shown that continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) improves excessive daytime sleepiness in OSA patients as measured by the ESS.
“Drunkorexia”: Understanding eating and physical activity behaviors of weight conscious drinkers in a sample of college students

ABSTRACT Objective: Behaviors of weight conscious drinkers (BWCD) include disordered eating, excessive physical activity (PA), and heavy episodic drinking. Considering that approximately 25% of the college students report BWCD, it is important to investigate what characteristics increase the likelihood of college students engaged in BWCD for both moderate and vigorous PAs. Participants: A total of 510 college students were recruited from a large, public southeastern university. Methods: Participants completed a cross-sectional survey during the spring 2015 semester. Results: Of 510 respondents, 11.2% reported moderate PA-based BWCD and 14.7% reported vigorous PA-based BWCD. Weight loss intention, BMI and Greek affiliation predicted both moderate and vigorous BWCD. Conclusions: Study findings suggest that Greek-affiliated students and students with weight loss intentions might be at an increased risk for BWCD. Along with promoting lower levels of alcohol consumption, college practitioners should consider discussing issues of weight and body image with college students as they relate to maladaptive drinking behavior.
Segregation in Social Networks Based on Acquaintanceship and Trust

Using 2006 General Social Survey data, the authors compare levels of segregation by race and along other dimensions of potential social cleavage in the contemporary United States. Americans are not as isolated as the most extreme recent estimates suggest. However, hopes that “bridging” social capital is more common in broader acquaintanceship networks than in core networks are not supported. Instead, the entire acquaintanceship network is perceived by Americans to be about as segregated as the much smaller network of close ties. People do not always know the religiosity, political ideology, family behaviors, or socioeconomic status of their acquaintances, but perceived social divisions on these dimensions are high, sometimes rivaling racial segregation in acquaintanceship networks. The major challenge to social integration today comes from the tendency of many Americans to isolate themselves from others who differ on race, political ideology, level of religiosity, and other salient aspects of social identity.
Climatologies of Subtropical Mixing Derived from 3D Models

Fingerlike structures reaching from lower into extra-tropical latitudes significantly contribute to the tropical-extratropical exchange of air masses. This is also an exchange of upper tropospheric and stratospheric air. Those so called streamers can, on a horizontal plane, be detected in N 2 O or O 3 since they are characterised by high N 2 O or low O 3 values compared to undisturbed mid-latitude values. A climatology of streamer events has been established, employing the chemical-transport model KASIMA, which is driven by ECMWF re-analyses (ERA) and operational analyses. For the first time, the seasonal and geographical distribution of streamer frequencies has been determined on the basis of 9 years of meteorological analyses. For the current investigation, a meridional gradient criterion has been newly formulated and applied to the N 2 O distributions calculated with KASIMA. A climatology has been derived by counting all streamer events between 21 and 25 km for the years 1990 to 1998. The results have been compared with a streamer climatology which has been established in the same way employing data of a multi-year simulation with the coupled chemistry-climate model ECHAM4.L39(DLR)/CHEM (E39/C). Both climatologies are qualitatively in agreement, in particular in the northern hemisphere, where much higher streamer frequencies are found in winter than in summer. In the southern hemisphere, the KASIMA analyses indicate strongest streamer activity in September. E39/C streamer frequencies clearly displays an offset from June to October, pointing to model deficiencies with respect to tropospheric dynamics. KASIMA and E39/C results agree well from November to May. Some of the findings give strong indications that the streamer events found in the altitude region between 21 and 25 km are mainly forced from the troposphere and are not directly related to the dynamics of the stratosphere, in particular not to the dynamics of the polar vortex. Sensitivity simulations with E39/C, which represent recent and possible future atmospheric conditions, have been employed to answer the question how climate change would alter streamer frequencies. This shows that the seasonal cycle does not change but that significant changes occur in months of minimum and maximum streamer frequencies. This could have an impact on the mid-latitude distribution of chemical tracers and compounds.
Risk Perception in a Developing Country: The Case of Chile

In this work we characterize risk perception in Chile, based on the psychometric paradigm, exploring the difference between perceived social and personal risk. For this purpose, we conducted a survey including 54 hazards, 16 risk attributes, and 3 risk constructs. The survey, divided into four parts, was administered to 508 residents of Santiago, Chile. Using factor analysis, three main factors, which accounted for 80% of the sample's variance, were identified: factor 1, commonly called “Dread Risk” in the literature, explained 37% of variance; factor 2, “Unknown Risk,” explained 28%; and factor 3, which we called “Personal Effect,” explained 15% of the variance. On average, individuals perceived themselves as less exposed to risk and with more control and knowledge about them than the general population. OLS regression models were used to test the association of perceived risk with the three main factors. For social risk, factor 1 had the greatest explanatory power, while factor 2 had a negative sign. For personal risk, only factors 2 and 3 were significant, with factor 3 having the greatest explanatory power. Risk denial (defined as the difference between perceived personal and social risk) was associated with factors 1 and 2 only, with factor 2 having a negative sign. The difference between desired and actual regulation levels proved positive for all hazards, thus indicating that Chileans are dissatisfied with the current regulation level for all the hazards analyzed. The comparison of data at the aggregate and at the individual subject's level suggests that while the aggregate analysis overestimates the magnitude of the correlations it still reflects the tendency of the individual responses.
Optimal treatment for the technically resectable squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx.

The charts of 431 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the supraglottic larynx observed at the M. D. Anderson Hospital between January, 1954, and June, 1971, were analyzed. This study is concerned with those patients who had a technically resectable lesion. Emphasis is directed to the analysis of the effectiveness of primary irradiation instead of partial laryngectomy for those lesions which are technically suitable for a partial resection and to define the groups of patients which are best treated by combining surgery and planned postoperative irradiation.
Sequencing and Its Consequences: Path Dependence and the Relationships between Genetics and Medicalization1

Both advocacy for and critiques of the Human Genome Project assume a self‐sustaining relationship between genetics and medicalization. However, this assumption ignores the ways in which the meanings of genetic research are conditional on its position in sequences of events. Based on analyses of three conditions for which at least one putative gene or genetic marker has been identified, this article argues that critical junctures in the institutional stabilization of phenotypes and the mechanisms that sustain such classifications over time configure the practices and meanings of genetic research. Path dependence is critical to understanding the lack of consistent fit between genetics and medicalization.
Evaluating deep syntactic parsing : Using TOSCA for the analysis of why-questions

Previous research has shown that the high level of detail in syntactic trees produced by the TOSCA parsing system (Oostdijk 1996) is beneficial to why-question answering (QA) (Verberne, Boves, Oostdijk and Coppen 2006b). TOSCA is an interactive system, i.e. it needs human verification after automatic tagging and parsing. Since only manually corrected TOSCA output has been offered to the why-QA system until now, TOSCA needs extrinsic evaluation of its use in the why-QA system. In this paper we present a necessary step towards it, namely an intrinsic evaluation of the performance of TOSCA on why-questions, which also enables us to trace elements in the parser that leave room for improvement. The evaluation shows that the modularity of the current TOSCA system has a dramatic effect on its performance: Tagging errors and missing syntactic markers radically decrease the coverage and the Parseval scores. Applying the Leaf-Ancestor Assessment metric for parser evaluation, we conclude that the level of detail does not really affect parser accuracy. This stimulates the automatic use of the parsing component in TOSCA for the purpose of why-QA. A new version of TOSCA is under construction, in which the level of detail in the parses is maintained, while there is no longer a need to separately provide POS tags or insert any syntactic markers.
Emerging drugs for the treatment of transplant rejection

Introduction: Kidney allograft rejection is an important cause of early and late allograft failure. The importance of antibody-mediated rejection especially in the context of late allograft failure has only recently been acknowledged. Areas covered: This review summarizes new developments in the treatment of cellular and antibody-mediated kidney allograft rejection. Drugs presented here include monoclonal antibodies and novel innovative approaches such as proteasome and complement inhibition. In addition, other options for the treatment of allograft rejection such as the administration of intravenous immune globulins or the use of plasmapheresis and immunoadsorption are discussed. Expert opinion: Especially the treatment of chronic antibody-mediated rejection represents a challenge and new therapeutic options are needed.
Ectodysplasin regulates activator-inhibitor balance in murine tooth development through Fgf20 signaling

Uncovering the origin and nature of phenotypic variation within species is the first step in understanding variation between species. Mouse models with altered activities of crucial signal pathways have highlighted many important genes and signal networks regulating the morphogenesis of complex structures, such as teeth. The detailed analyses of these models have indicated that the balanced actions of a few pathways regulating cell behavior modulate the shape and number of teeth. Currently, however, most mouse models studied have had gross alteration of morphology, whereas analyses of more subtle modification of morphology are required to link developmental studies to evolutionary change. Here, we have analyzed a signaling network involving ectodysplasin (Eda) and fibroblast growth factor 20 (Fgf20) that subtly affects tooth morphogenesis. We found that Fgf20 is a major downstream effector of Eda and affects Eda-regulated characteristics of tooth morphogenesis, including the number, size and shape of teeth. Fgf20 function is compensated for by other Fgfs, in particular Fgf9 and Fgf4, and is part of an Fgf signaling loop between epithelium and mesenchyme. We showed that removal of Fgf20 in an Eda gain-of-function mouse model results in an Eda loss-of-function phenotype in terms of reduced tooth complexity and third molar appearance. However, the extra anterior molar, a structure lost during rodent evolution 50 million years ago, was stabilized in these mice.
Uniform convergence of the multigrid {V}-cycle for an anisotropic problem

In this paper, we consider the linear systems arising from the standard finite element discretizations of certain second order anisotropic problems with variable coefficients on a rectangle. We study the performance of V-cycle multigrid method applied to the finite element equations. Since the usual regularity and approximation assumption does not hold for the anisotropic finite element problems, the standard multigrid convergence theory cannot be applied directly. In this paper, a modification of the theory of Braess and Hackbusch will be presented. We show that the V-cycle multigrid iteration with a line smoother is a uniform contraction in the energy norm. In the verification of the hypotheses in our theory, we use a weighted L 2 -norm estimate for the error in the Galerkin finite element approximation and a smoothing property of the line smoothers which is proved in this paper.
Efficacy of an early intervention program for at-risk preschool boys: a two-group control study.

OBJECTIVE We report the results of a preschool-based multidisciplinary intervention program. METHOD This study took place in two educational settings and included 81 preschool boys from unique cultural backgrounds and of low social economic status (SES). The settings were randomly assigned to an intervention or control group. In the intervention group, boys identified as at risk for or with developmental delays received 8 mo. of intervention through a monitoring model. Additionally, a collaborative consultation model was used with all participants. Performance skills (visual-motor integration, motor, and cognitive) and performance and participation in preschool activities were evaluated at pretest and posttest. RESULTS At termination of intervention, all children in the intervention group scored significantly better than control children on most performance skills and more fully participated in preschool activities. CONCLUSION A multidisciplinary preschool early intervention program appears to assist children of low SES with improving their performance skills, and participation in preschool activities.
Inflammatory Markers at the Site of Ruptured Plaque in Acute Myocardial Infarction: Locally Increased Interleukin-6 and Serum Amyloid A but Decreased C-Reactive Protein

Background—Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is associated with inflammation. However, it remains unclear whether it originates from the ruptured plaque or represents a systemic process. Methods and Results—In 42 patients with AMI, a balloon-based embolization protection device and aspiration catheter (PercuSurge) were used during acute coronary interventions. Samples from the site of the ruptured plaque were taken under distal balloon occlusion. Systemic samples were taken from the aorta. Sera, plaques, and thrombi were analyzed for inflammatory markers and lipoproteins. Systemic levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and serum amyloid A (SAA) in the aorta amounted to 3.0 mg/L, 5.0 ng/L, and 22.1 mg/L, respectively (interquartile ranges [IQRs], 1.1 to 7.4 mg/L, 5.0 to 6.5 ng/L, and 13.9 to 27.0 mg/L, respectively). In blood surrounding ruptured plaques, local levels of IL-6 (8.9 ng/L; IQR, 5.0 to 16.9 ng/L) and SAA (24.3 mg/L; IQR, 16.3 to 44.0 mg/L) were significantly higher, whereas CRP levels (2.5 mg/L; IQR, 0.9 to 7.7 mg/L) were decreased compared with the aorta (all P<0.0001). The coronary levels of IL-6 determined in vivo showed biological activity in vitro. Harvested thrombus contained CD68-positive monocytes expressing IL-6 and showed extracellularly and intracellularly positive staining for SAA, whereas CRP was found exclusively in the cytoplasm of phagocyting white blood cells. Conclusions—Coronary levels of IL-6 and SAA at the site of plaque rupture were increased relative to the systemic circulation, indicating local production of biologically active inflammatory mediators. In contrast, CRP was locally decreased, at least in part by uptake by the phagocyting cells, suggesting a systemic origin of the protein.
Decent Work: A Psychological Perspective

This contribution, which serves as the lead article for the Research Topic entitled “From Meaning of Working to Meaningful Lives: The Challenges of Expanding Decent Work,” explores current challenges in the development and operationalization of decent work. Based on an initiative from the International Labor Organization [ILO] (1999) decent work represents an aspirational statement about the quality of work that should be available to all people who seek to work around the globe. Within recent years, several critiques have been raised about decent work from various disciplines, highlighting concerns about a retreat from the social justice ethos that had initially defined the concept. In addition, other scholars have observed that decent work has not included a focus on the role of meaning and purpose at work. To address these concerns, we propose that a psychological perspective can help to revitalize the decent work agenda by infusing a more specific focus on individual experiences and by reconnecting decent work to its social justice origins. As an illustration of the advantages of a psychological perspective, we explore the rise of precarious work and also connect the decent work agenda to the Psychology-of-Working Framework and Theory (Blustein, 2006; Duffy et al., 2016).
Long Short-term Memory Network over Rhetorical Structure Theory for Sentence-level Sentiment Analysis

Using deep learning models to solve sentiment analysis of sentences is still a challenging task. Long short-term memory (LSTM) network solves the gradient disappeared problem existed in recurrent neural network (RNN), but LSTM structure is linear chain-structure that can’t capture text structure information. Afterwards, Tree-LSTM is proposed, which uses LSTM forget gate to skip sub-trees that have little eﬀect on the results to get good performance. It illustrates that the chain-structured LSTM more strongly depends on text structure. However, Tree-LSTM can’t clearly (cid:12)gure out which sub-trees are important and which sub-trees have little eﬀect. We propose a simple model which uses Rhetorical Structure Theory (RST) for text parsing. By building LSTM network on RST parse structure, we make full use of LSTM structural characteristics to automatically enhance the nucleus information and (cid:12)lter the satellite information of text. Furthermore, this approach can make the representations concerning the relations between segments of text, which can improve text semantic representations. Experiment results show that this method not only has higher classi(cid:12)cation accuracy, but also trains quickly.
The association between schizophrenia and violent or homicidal behaviour: the prevention and treatment of violent behaviour in these patients.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE This review article aims to discuss and evaluate the risk factors for the development of violence and homicidal behaviour and the effectiveness and outcomes of the preferred atypical antipsychotics in patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. METHOD For this purpose, the psychiatry literature was comprehensively reviewed. A screening of the articles in the international databases covering the period between 1970 and 2010 was performed. RESULTS Although the risk of homicidal behaviours is higher in patients with schizophrenia compared to the overall population, little is known about the relevant conditions triggering acts of violence among the patients with schizophrenia. The available results suggest that certain factors including some sociodemographic characteristics, young age, alcoholism, substance abuse, noncompliance with treatment, fulfillment of the criteria for antisocial personality disorder and paranoid subtype, history of suicidal ideation and attempts and history of frequent hospitalization increase the potential for violent episodes. Available data show clozapine to be the most rational therapeutic choice in preventing violent behaviour in patients with schizophrenia. There is evidence from randomized controlled trials in support of the specific anti-aggressive effect of clozapine. CONCLUSION In clinical practice, patients with a risk of committing homicide should be detected and monitored closely. There are many trials showing the efficacy of clozapine on violent and aggressive behaviour.