Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How aspects of a wine’s place affect consumers’ authenticity perceptions and purchase intentions: The role of country of origin and technical terroir

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore how two aspects of place affect consumers’ authenticity perceptions of a wine and their willingness to pay for it. One aspect of place is the wine’s country of origin, specifically Old World versus New World wines. A second aspect of place is the technical terroir. A description of the terroir that is highly specific was expected to be perceived as more authentic and offer more value than a vague terroir description. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 109 US adults participated in an online 2 × 2 experiment in which authenticity, willingness to pay and expertise were measured. ANCOVA and MANCOVA were used to analyze the data. Findings – Subjects perceived the Old World wine as more authentic and were willing to pay more for it than the New World wine. Additionally, country of origin moderated the effect of terroir specificity on authenticity and willingness to pay. For New World wines, wine with specific information about the terroir was perceived as.
The Lumbosacral Ligament

The lumbosacral ligament (LSL), situated between the L5-vertebra and the sacrum, was studied in autopsy material. Twenty-eight cadaveric specimens from 12 black and 16 white persons aged 17–30 years were studied during routine forensic autopsies. The ligaments were measured and determined in situ. Thereafter, the ligaments were removed for histologic preparation. The ligament in the black subjects was thicker compared with the white (7.5 ± 1.4 vs. 5.7 ± 1.2 mm), and wider (11.7 ± 1.6 mm in the black vs. 9.2 ± 0.5 mm in the white), yielding a greater cross-sectional area in the black group (70.7 ± 22.8 vs. 34.5 ± 11.4 mm2, p < 0.001). However, no histological differences were noted. The previously described fibro-osseus tunnel could not be detected in any of the subjects. In all instances, the ligament was situated medial to the L5 nerve. Compression of the L5 nerve under the previously presented fibro-osseus tunnel could not be confirmed.
The New politics of welfare : an agenda for the 1990s?

Introduction - a divided and disillusioned people, Michael McCarthy personal social services, Michael McCarthy health, Judith Allsop housing, Nick Raynsford social security, Ruth Lister employment, Molly Meacher education, Miriam David criminal justice, Rod Morgan community care, Alan Walker private and voluntary welfare, Martin Knapp.
Factors associated with maintenance of a healthy diet in weight reduction program participants

11 ACRONYMS 13 LIST OF TABLES 15 LIST OF FIGURES 17 1.0 BACKGROUND 19 1.1 OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY – CURRENT STATUS 19 1.2 POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS TO OVERWEIGHT AND OBESITY 20 1.2.1 Common strategies employed to lose weight 21 1.2.2 Factors associated with successful weight loss maintenance and its related behaviors 22 1.3 THE AIM OF THE STUDY 24 2.0 THEORY 25 2.1 THE HEALTH BEHAVIOR CHANGE PROCESS 26 2.2 MOTIVATION 27 2.2.1 Self-determination theory – a brief introduction 27 2.2.2 Self-regulation 28 2.2.3 Autonomy 29 2.3 SELF-EFFICACY 31 2.3.1 Coping self-efficacy 32 2.3.2 Recovery self-efficacy 33 2.3.3 Importance of self-efficacy in maintaining health behavior change 33 2.4 SOCIAL SUPPORT 35 2.4. 1 Two separate forms of social support 35 2.5 OUTCOME EXPECTANCIES AND GOALS 37 2.5. 1 Impact of outcome expectancies and goals on weight loss maintenance 38 2.6 NUTRITION LITERACY 39 2.6. 1 Explanation of the three hierarchical levels of nutrition literacy 41 2.6. 2 Why might nutrition literacy be interesting to investigate in this study? 42 3.0 METHOD 43 3.1 LITERATURE SEARCH 43 3.2 CHOICE OF STUDY DESIGN 43 3.3 STUDY SAMPLE 44 3.4 DISTRIBUTION OF QUESTIONNAIRE 44 3.5 PREPARATION OF QUESTIONNAIRE 44 3.5. 1 Dependent variable; maintenance degree of a healthy diet 45 3.5. 2 Independent variables 46
The Effectiveness of Cucurbitacin B in BRCA1 Defective Breast Cancer Cells

Cucurbitacin B (CuB) is one of the potential agents for long term anticancer chemoprevention. Cumulative evidences has shown that cucurbitacin B provides potent cellular biological activities such as hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial effects, but the precise mechanism of this agent is not clearly understood. We examine the biological effects on cancer cells of cucurbitacin B extracted from a Thai herb, Trichosanthes cucumerina L. The wild type (wt) BRCA1, mutant BRCA1, BRCA1 knocked-down and BRCA1 overexpressed breast cancer cells were treated with the cucurbitacin B and determined for the inhibitory effects on the cell proliferation, migration, invasion, anchorage-independent growth. The gene expressions in the treated cells were analyzed for p21/Waf1, p27Kip1 and survivin. Our previous study revealed that loss of BRCA1 expression leads to an increase in survivin expression, which is responsible for a reduction in sensitivity to paclitaxel. In this work, we showed that cucurbitacin B obviously inhibited knocked-down and mutant BRCA1 breast cancer cells rather than the wild type BRCA1 breast cancer cells in regards to the cellular proliferation, migration, invasion and anchorage-independent growth. Furthermore, forcing the cells to overexpress wild type BRCA1 significantly reduced effectiveness of cucurbitacin B on growth inhibition of the endogenous mutant BRCA1 cells. Interestingly, cucurbitacin B promotes the expression of p21/Waf1 and p27Kip1 but inhibit the expression of survivin. We suggest that survivin could be an important target of cucurbitacin B in BRCA1 defective breast cancer cells.
Astrophysics No Evidence for Planetary Influence on Solar Activity

Context. Recently, Abreu et al. (2012, A&A. 548, A88) proposed a long-term modulation of solar activity through tidal effects exerted by the planets. This claim is based upon a comparison of (pseudo-)periodicities derived from records of cosmogenic isotopes with those arising from planetary torques on an ellipsoidally deformed Sun. Aims. We examined the statistical significance of the reported similarity of the periods. Methods. The tests carried out by Abreu et al. were repeated with artificial records of solar activity in the form of white or red noise. The tests were corrected for errors in the noise definition as well as in the apodisation and filtering of the random series. Results. The corrected tests provide probabilities for chance coincidence that are higher than those claimed by Abreu et al. by about 3 and 8 orders of magnitude for white and red noise, respectively. For an unbiased choice of the width of the frequency bins used for the test (a constant multiple of the frequency resolution) the probabilities increase by another two orders of magnitude to 7.5% for red noise and 22% for white noise. Conclusions. The apparent agreement between the periodicities in records of cosmogenic isotopes as proxies for solar activity and planetary torques is statistically insignificant. There is no evidence for a planetary influence on solar activity.
TIME DELAY ESTIMATION USING SPATIAL CORRELATION TECHNIQUES

Recently there has been an increasing interest in the use of the TDE technique to locate and track acoustic sources in a conferencing environment. Typically, the delay estimate is obtained as the time-lag that maximizes the cross-correlation function between the filtered versions of two received signals. This so-called generalized cross-correlation technique, based on the measurements provided by two sensors, however, suffers significant performance degradation in the presence of reverberation. In this paper, the idea of cross-correlation coefficient between two signals is generalized to the multichannel case by using the notion of spatial prediction. The multichannel spatial correlation matrix is then deduced and applied for the purpose of TDE. It is shown that this new method can take advantage of the redundant information provided by multiple microphone sensors to help the estimator to better cope with reverberation and noise.
NMCT: A Novel Monte Carlo-Based Tracking Algorithm Using Potential Proximity Information

Currently, many services benefit greatly from the availability of accurate tracking. Tracking in wireless sensor networks remains a challenging issue. Most tracking methods often require a large number of anchors and do not take advantage of potential localization information, leading to poor accuracy. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a Novel Monte Carlo-based Tracking (NMCT) algorithm with area-based and neighbor-based filtering, which fully extracts the proximity information embedded in the neighborhood sensing. We describe the entire system design in detail and conduct extensive simulations. The results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the typical schemes under a wide range of conditions.
Story Comprehension and Academic Deficits in Children With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: What Is the Connection?

Based on the reliable findings that children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have both attentional and academic difficulties, it is assumed that the attentional deficit contributes to the academic problems. In this article, existing support for a link between the attentional and academic difficulties experienced by children with ADHD is reviewed, and questions for future research are identified. This article goes beyond a discussion of visual attention problems to an investigation of the more complex processing deficits that may contribute to academic difficulties. It is suggested that current interventions for children with ADHD that focus on decreasing disruptive behavior and increasing simple attention to tasks may not address deficits in story comprehension skills such as those required for many school tasks. This article draws from the educational literature to explore possibilities for creating academic interventions that are more effective at remedying the story comprehension deficits experienced by children with ADHD.
A Cross-Layer Routing Design for Multi-Interface Wireless Mesh Networks

In recent years, Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) technologies have received significant attentions. WMNs not only accede to the advantages of ad hoc networks but also provide hierarchical multi-interface architecture. Transmission power control and routing path selections are critical issues in the past researches of multihop networks. Variable transmission power levels lead to different network connectivity and interference. Further, routing path selections among different radio interfaces will also produce different intra-/interflow interference. These features tightly affect the network performance. Most of the related works on the routing protocol design do not consider transmission power control and multi-interface environment simultaneously. In this paper, we proposed a cross-layer routing protocol called which coordinates transmission power control and intra-/interflow interference considerations as routing metrics. Each radio interface calculates the potential tolerable-added transmission interference in the physical layer. When the route discovery starts, the will adopt the appropriate power level to evaluate each interface quality along paths. The simulation results demonstrate that our design can enhance both network throughput and end-to-end delay.
Multicenter phase IV study of palonosetron in the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphomas undergoing repeated cycles of moderately emetogenic chemotherapy

Abstract Antiemetic therapy for chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) receiving moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC) generally includes a serotonin-type 3 (5-HT3) receptor antagonist (RA). The efficacy and safety of the second-generation 5-HT3 RA, palonosetron, in patients with NHL receiving MEC was assessed. Patients received a single iv bolus injection of 0.25 mg palonosetron and chemotherapy on day 1 of the first chemotherapy cycle, and up to three further consecutive cycles. Eighty-eight patients were evaluable for efficacy and safety. The primary endpoint, the percentage of patients with a complete response in the overall phase (0–120 h after chemotherapy in each cycle), increased from 68.2% (cycle 1) to 80.5% (cycle 2), remaining high for the following cycles, and > 90% patients were emesis-free without using aprepitant during therapy. Across all cycles, 78.4% of patients experienced treatment-emergent adverse events, but only 8% related to study drug, confirming palonosetron's good safety profile (EudraCT Number: 2008-007827-14).
Folding of tandem‐linked domains

One of the factors, which influences protein folding in vivo, is a linkage of protein domains into multidomain tandems. However, relatively little is known about the impact of domain connectivity on protein folding mechanisms. In this article, we use coarse grained models of proteins to explore folding of tandem‐linked domains (TLD). We found TLD folding to follow two scenarios. In the first, the tandem connectivity produces relatively minor impact on folding and the mechanisms of folding of tandem‐linked and single domains remain similar. The second scenario involves qualitative changes in folding mechanism because of tandem linkage. As a result, protein domains, which fold via two‐state mechanism as single isolated domains, may form new stable intermediates when inserted into tandems. The new intermediates are created by topological constraints imposed by the linkers between domains. In both cases tandem linkage slows down folding. We propose that the impact of tandem connectivity can be minimized, if the terminal secondary structure elements (SSEs) are flexible. In particular, two factors appear to facilitate TLD folding: (1) the interactions between terminal SSE are poorly ordered in the folding transition state, whereas nonterminal SSE are better structured, (2) the interactions between terminal SSE are weak in the native state. We apply these findings to wild‐type proteins by examining experimental Φ‐value data and by performing all‐atom molecular dynamics simulations. We show that immunoglobulin‐like domains appear to utilize the factors, which minimize the impact of tandem connectivity on their folding. Several single domain proteins, which are likely to misfold in tandems, are also identified. Proteins 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
What is sarcopenia?

Advancing adult age is associated with profound changes in body composition, the principal component of which is a decrease in skeletal muscle mass. This age-related loss in skeletal muscle has been referred to as sarcopenia. Age-related reduction in muscle is a direct cause of the age-related decrease in muscle strength. Muscle mass (not function) appears to be the major determinant of the age- and sex-related differences in strength. This relationship is independent of muscle location (upper vs lower extremities) and function (extension vs flexion). Reduced muscle strength in the elderly is a major cause for their increased prevalence of disability. With advancing age and extremely low activity levels seen in the very old, muscle strength is a critical component of walking ability. The high prevalence of falls among the institutionalized elderly may be a consequence of their lower muscle strength. Daily energy expenditure declines progressively throughout adult life. In sedentary individuals, the main determinant of energy expenditure is fat-free mass, which declines by about 15% between the third and eighth decade of life, contributing to a lower basal metabolic rate in the elderly. Data indicate that preservation of muscle mass and prevention of sarcopenia can help prevent the decrease in metabolic rate. In addition to its role in energy metabolism, skeletal muscle and its age-related decline may contribute to such age-associated changes as reduction in bone density, insulin sensitivity, and aerobic capacity. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Downed wood as seedbed: measurement and management guidelines

Eastern hemlock has exacting germination requirements, and availability of suitable microsites for germination can limit the development of hemlock regeneration. A major contributor to those microsites is coarse woody debris. New methods for quantifying coarse woody debris have recently been developed that are complementary to strategies typically used in timber cruising. We discuss practical issues in estimating the abundance of coarse woody debris and associated germination microsites, and illustrate the techniques with reference to preliminary guidelines for coarse woody debris abundance.
The Parental Obligation: A Study of Parenthood Across Households

What kinds of obligations do parents have towards their children as family life becomes more complex? Many children pass through a number of different households,living with one or both parents and later step parents and step brothers and sisters. How are the new forms of family life accommodated in the legal system? The answer is that parenthood, rather than marriage, is now emerging as the central mechanism through which moral principles are converted into legal and social obligations. This study of 250 children who do not live with both of their parents shows, however, that despite the comparative legal emptiness of marriage, the experience of living longer with both parents than is usually the case of children of cohabiting or single parents endows the child with social capital in the form of enduring involvement with the outside parent, even after divorce, and that this happens to a greater extent than for children whose parents were not married.
A Survey on Cross-Site Scripting Attacks

Web applications are becoming truly pervasive in all kinds of business models and organizations. Today, most critical systems such as those related to health care, banking, or even emergency response, are relying on these applications. They must therefore include, in addition to the expected value offered to their users, reliable mechanisms to ensure their security. In this paper, we focus on the specific problem of cross-site scripting attacks against web applications. We present a study of this kind of attacks, and survey current approaches for their prevention. Applicability and limitations of each proposal are also discussed.
Validation of a smartphone app to map social networks of proximity

Social network analysis is a prominent approach to investigate interpersonal relationships. Most studies use self-report data to quantify the connections between participants and construct social networks. In recent years smartphones have been used as an alternative to map networks by assessing the proximity between participants based on Bluetooth and GPS data. While most studies have handed out specially programmed smartphones to study participants, we developed an application for iOS and Android to collect Bluetooth data from participants’ own smartphones. In this study, we compared the networks estimated with the smartphone app to those obtained from sociometric badges and self-report data. Participants (n = 21) installed the app on their phone and wore a sociometric badge during office hours. Proximity data was collected for 4 weeks. A contingency table revealed a significant association between proximity data (ϕ = 0.17, p<0.0001), but the marginal odds were higher for the app (8.6%) than for the badges (1.3%), indicating that dyads were more often detected by the app. We then compared the networks that were estimated using the proximity and self-report data. All three networks were significantly correlated, although the correlation with self-reported data was lower for the app (ρ = 0.25) than for badges (ρ = 0.67). The scanning rates of the app varied considerably between devices and was lower on iOS than on Android. The association between the app and the badges increased when the network was estimated between participants whose app recorded more regularly. These findings suggest that the accuracy of proximity networks can be further improved by reducing missing data and restricting the interpersonal distance at which interactions are detected.
Tobacco Use and Associated Factors in Older Adults in South Africa

This study aimed to determine the prevalence of tobacco use and their associated factors in older South Africans. We conducted a national population-based cross-sectional study with a sample of 3840 aged 50 years or older in South Africa in 2008 (males= 44.1%, females= 55.9%, mean age= 61.6, SD= 9.5, blacks= 74.0%). Participants completed a collection of surveys including socio-demographic characteristics, tobacco use, health variables as well as comorbidity. Data were analysed using logistic regression. Findings suggest that being a member of the Coloured population group, separated or divorced, heavy alcohol use, not being obese, insufficient use of fruits and vegetables and lack of social cohesion were associated with current daily tobacco use, and being male gender, being married, separated or divorced or widowed and not being obese were associated with former daily tobacco use.
Unintended bias, clinical trial results, and the heparin post hoc crossover fallacy

ObjectiveTo describe the unintended pitfalls in the interpretation of postrandomization events in clinical trials. DesignAnalysis of patients enrolled in clinical trials for new sepsis interventions with postrandomization exposure to heparin. PatientsRetrospective review of patients enrolled in large phase III sepsis trials after treatment with experimental anticoagulant therapies. InterventionsNonrandomized exposure to heparin therapy administered for a variety of clinical indications after enrollment in large phase III sepsis trials. ResultsThe effect of heparin on overall survival in septic patients in trials that randomized patients into treatment assignments other than heparin is difficult to quantitatively analyze because of unintended selection bias and allocation bias. Both forms of bias overestimate the potential therapeutic value of heparin. This post hoc analysis of the data is functionally a crossover study in which only surviving patients can cross over in one direction (toward the heparin treatment arm). ConclusionGreat caution should be exercised in the post hoc interpretation of the potential efficacy of nonrandomized treatments such as heparin therapy derived from phase III clinical data of other drugs for sepsis. The therapeutic value of heparin as a treatment modality in severe sepsis can best be determined in a formal, randomized, prospective clinical trial. This will obviate the unavoidable selection bias and allocation bias intrinsic to postrandomization events in clinical trials with a high early mortality rate such as severe sepsis and septic shock.
The protein kinase TOUSLED facilitates RNAi in Arabidopsis

RNA silencing is an evolutionarily conserved mechanism triggered by double-stranded RNA that is processed into 21- to 24-nt small interfering (si)RNA or micro (mi)RNA by RNaseIII-like enzymes called Dicers. Gene regulations by RNA silencing have fundamental implications in a large number of biological processes that include antiviral defense, maintenance of genome integrity and the orchestration of cell fates. Although most generic or core components of the various plant small RNA pathways have been likely identified over the past 15 years, factors involved in RNAi regulation through post-translational modifications are just starting to emerge, mostly through forward genetic studies. A genetic screen designed to identify factors required for RNAi in Arabidopsis identified the serine/threonine protein kinase, TOUSLED (TSL). Mutations in TSL affect exogenous and virus-derived siRNA activity in a manner dependent upon its kinase activity. By contrast, despite their pleiotropic developmental phenotype, tsl mutants show no defect in biogenesis or activity of miRNA or endogenous trans-acting siRNA. These data suggest a possible role for TSL phosphorylation in the specific regulation of exogenous and antiviral RNA silencing in Arabidopsis and identify TSL as an intrinsic regulator of RNA interference.