Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of a Stress Management Program Providing Cognitive Behavior Therapy on Problem-focused Coping, Job Stress, and Depression in Firefighters

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/license/ by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 인지행동요법을 적용한 스트레스관리 프로그램이 소방공무원의 문제중심 대처방식, 직무 스트레스 및 우울에 미치는 효과 남춘연·김희숙·권소희 대구시북구정신보건센터, 경북대학교 간호대학
“You're Only as Strong as Your Weakest Link”: A Current Opinion about the Concepts and Characteristics of Functional Training

Citation: La Scala Teixeira CV, Evangelista AL, Novaes JS, Da Silva Grigoletto ME and Behm DG (2017) “You’re Only as Strong as Your Weakest Link”: A Current Opinion about the Concepts and Characteristics of Functional Training. Front. Physiol. 8:643. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2017. 00643 “You’re Only as Strong as Your Weakest Link”: A Current Opinion about the Concepts and Characteristics of Functional Training
The Value of Sons in an Indian Village: How Widows See It

In a micro-study in rural India the old-age security motive for high fertility among widows, who are generally considered to be a particularly vulnerable group was investigated. Thirty of the 123 village widows, representing different economic situations and living arrangements, were selected for in-depth interviews. Comparisons were made between widows who were primary breadwinners and had dependent sons living with them, widows who lived with earning sons but were not totally dependent on them; and widows who resided with and were economically dependent on their sons, as well as those who lived with their daughters. Economic factors alone did not account for the pervasive son-preference in the community: sons had a deeper cultural significance which persisted even when widows were financially well-off or independent. It is argued that the emphasis given to economic explanations in previous fertility research has masked the importance of cultural factors which still remain largely unexplored.
Adjusting to Peace: Military Values in a Cross-National Comparison

Cadets at military academies represent an elite group of junior officers destined to fill the top posts in their respective armed forces and set the future standards of professional behavior. But in an era where the military profession is undergoing tremendous change as a result of a shifting mission requirements-from conventional warfare to peacekeeping and humanitarian aid-how committed are young officers to their future careers and involvement in such missions? To what extent does military socialization shape this commitment? Our research, comparing the attitudes and values of cadets at the United States Military Academy (USMA) at West Point to those of student officers at the South African Military Academy (SAMA) at Saldanha, indicates that the values and long-term commitment of officers to their respective armed forces are directly influenced by both military socialization and reinforcement of those values by the broader society.
Influence of national culture on trans‐national alliance relationships

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyse and review whether national culture influences organisational beliefs about and behaviours to trans‐national alliance partners.Design/methodology/approach – Reviewed extant studies on national culture, organisational culture and business‐to‐business relationship. Using information from the literature review and key informant surveys, a survey instrument comprising of close‐ended questions was developed. The questionnaire was sent to the Chief Executives Officer's of 1,248 organisations identified through systematically selecting every third organisation in the sampling frame. Two weeks later, universal reminders were sent to all 1,248 organisations. The data from 376 fully completed questionnaires returned were analysed through exploratory factor analysis and canonical correlation analysis.Findings – National culture influences beliefs about and behaviours to trans‐national alliance partners. However, beliefs and behaviours are also influenced by the compl.
Social and Psychological Resources and Adaptation

Psychology has increasingly turned to the study of psychosocial resources in the examination of well-being. How resources are being studied and resource models that have been proffered are considered, and an attempt is made to examine elements that bridge across models. As resource models span health, community, cognitive, and clinical psychology, the question is raised of whether there is overuse of the resource metaphor or whether there exists some underlying principles that can be gleaned and incorporated to advance research. The contribution of resources for understanding multicultural and pan-historical adaptation in the face of challenge is considered.
Knowledge Specialization, Organizational Coupling, and the Boundaries of the Firm: Why Do Firms Know More than They Make?

This paper uses an analysis of developments in aircraft engine control systems to explore the implications of specialization in knowledge production for the organization and the boundaries of the firm. We argue that the definition of boundaries of the firm in terms of the activities performed in house does not take into account that decisions to outsource production and other functions are different from decisions to outsource technological knowledge. We show that multitechnology firms need to have knowledge in excess of what they need for what they make, to cope with imbalances caused by uneven rates of development in the technologies on which they rely and with unpredictable product-level interdependences. By knowing more, multitechnology firms can coordinate loosely coupled networks of suppliers of equipment, components, and specialized knowledge and maintain a capability for systems integration. Networks enable them to benefit from the advantages of both integration and specialization. Examples from other industries extend to other contexts the model we develop.
Eukaryotic promoter recognition.

Only recently has it become common to determine eukaryotic genomic sequences large enough to contain several genes. With these data comes a new problem for gene finding programs: to partition a set of exons correctly among several genes. One line of development in eukaryotic gene identification begins with coding region identification by statistical means and adds pattern recognition for sites of transcriptional, splicing, and translational control to produce algorithms capable of suggesting overall gene structure (for review, see Gelfand 1995; Fickett 1996a). To date, most development effort has focused on integration of the various kinds of pattern information in the relatively simple case where a single complete gene is present in the input sequence. In this case, current algorithms usually suggest a putative protein translation similar to that in the literature, though there is still significant room for improvement (Burset and Guigo 1996). The extension of these algorithms to deal with a sequence containing multiple or partial genes is just beginning (Burge and Karlin 1997; http://gnomic.stanford.edu/∼chris/GENSCANW.html). Because the signals that control the start and stop of transcription and translation, and the location of splicing, are still not very well understood, it is not uncommon for a gene-finding algorithm to confuse internal with initial and terminal exons, thus wrongly partitioning the exons. The problem is compounded by our incomplete understanding of alternative splicing control elements. Another line of development in gene identification is based on homology (e.g., Gish and States 1993; Gelfand et al. 1996). If there is a close homolog in the databases to one of the genes in the sequence under analysis, sequence similarity will usually group the exons for this gene correctly. Still, in many cases there is no close homolog and no guarantee when there is some homolog that the encoded protein lacks insertions/deletions. Clearly, some means of recognizing the beginnings of genes, probably via the promoter, or the ends, probably by means of the polyadenylation signal or translation termination signal (e.g., Kondrakhin et al. 1994; Wahle and Keller 1996; Dalphin et al. 1997; Solovyev and Salamov 1997), would enable a major advance. The promoter seems to be a much richer signal than the 38 processing signals, though, as we shall see below, it is not easy to take advantage of the information in the promoter.
Transcriptomics in Human Challenge Models

Human challenge models, in which volunteers are experimentally infected with a pathogen of interest, provide the opportunity to directly identify both natural and vaccine-induced correlates of protection. In this review, we highlight how the application of transcriptomics to human challenge studies allows for the identification of novel correlates and gives insight into the immunological pathways required to develop functional immunity. In malaria challenge trials for example, innate immune pathways appear to play a previously underappreciated role in conferring protective immunity. Transcriptomic analyses of samples obtained in human challenge studies can also deepen our understanding of the immune responses preceding symptom onset, allowing characterization of innate immunity and early gene signatures, which may influence disease outcome. Influenza challenge studies demonstrate that these gene signatures have diagnostic potential in the context of pandemics, in which presymptomatic diagnosis of at-risk individuals could allow early initiation of antiviral treatment and help limit transmission. Furthermore, gene expression analysis facilitates the identification of host factors contributing to disease susceptibility, such as C4BPA expression in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection. Overall, these studies highlight the exceptional value of transcriptional data generated in human challenge trials and illustrate the broad impact molecular data analysis may have on global health through rational vaccine design and biomarker discovery.
Repurposed drugs targeting eIF2α-P-mediated translational repression prevent neurodegeneration in mice

See Mercado and Hetz (doi:10.1093/brain/awx107) for a scientific commentary on this article. Signalling through the PERK/eIF2α-P branch of the Unfolded Protein Response is increased in many neurodegenerative diseases. Halliday et al. identify two safe compounds – one licensed – that act on this pathway and are neuroprotective in mice with neurodegeneration. These drugs can now be repurposed in clinical trials for the treatment of dementia.
Simple exponential estimate for the number of real zeros of complete abelian integrals

Soit H = H(x,y) un polynome reel de deux variables et ω = P(x,y)dx + Q(x,y)dy une forme differentielle quelconque avec des coefficients polynomiaux reels de degre d. Nous montrons que le nombre des ovales (c'est-a-dire les composantes compactes connexes) des courbes de niveau H = Cte, telles que l'integrale de fa forme s'annule, est au plus exp O H (d) quand d → ∞. Ce theoreme ameliore de maniere essentielle la borne doublement exponentielle obtenue dans [1]. Nous etablissons aussi les bornes superieures exponentielles similaires pour le nombre de zeros isoles pour les enveloppes polynomiales des equations differentielles ordinaires lineaires irreductibles
Intraarticular corticosteroid injection: pain relief in osteoarthritis of the hip?

OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common causes of morbidity in the elderly population, and surgery is often preceded by years of pain and disability. Intraarticular corticosteroid injections in osteoarthritic joints may play a role in the therapeutic plan and can afford quick pain relief but do not alter the underlying disease. There is a paucity of well controlled studies that provide recommendations for the use of corticosteroids in OA of the hip. METHODS A prospective analysis of 80 patients with OA of the hip and pain at rest and on bearing weight for more than 4 weeks was performed. Patients were randomized into 2 groups; group 1 (n = 40) received corticosteroid (80 mg triamcinolone acetonide) and group 2 (n = 40) local anesthetic (1% mepivacaine), injected into the hip joint under fluoroscopy. Pain, functional ability, range of motion of the joint, and analgesics consumed were registered 3 weeks postinjection. The treatment was blind for the patients and the investigators performing the followup. RESULTS Pain for all modalities decreased after corticosteroid injection, but pain at rest decreased the most. There was significant pain reduction at the 3 (and 12) week followup. Joint range of motion increased significantly for all directions. Functional ability improved significantly after injection. We found no significant pain relief or improvement of functional ability in patients treated with local anesthetics. CONCLUSION This study suggests that intraarticular corticosteroids might improve pain and range of motion of the affected joint in patients with hip OA.
Mothers' and Fathers' stress Associated with parenting a child with Autism spectrum Disorder

This study was designed to assess parental stress in married mothers and fathers of children who have Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), in relation to four dimensions associated with symptoms of ASD. The first dimension involved speech, language and communication. The second dimension covered sociability, with the third relating to sensory and cognitive awareness. The final dimension consisted of health and physical behavior. A total of 124 participants (101 females, 23 males) sourced from specialist schools, early intervention centers, support groups, and autism associations, completed questionnaires designed to elicit information on these dimensions for predicting perceived stress. Results indicated that sociability predicted stress in mothers, while stress for fathers was predicted by a child's deficits in sensory and cognitive awareness. The remaining variables did not significantly predict perceived stress. The results have implications for management of stress associated with parenting a child with ASD and for future child and parent intervention programs.
Leg Length Discrepancy and Osteoarthritic Knee Pain in the Elderly: An Observational Study

Abstract Context: Osteoarthritic knee pain is very common, as are leg length discrepancies (LLDs). The relationship between LLDs and osteoarthritic knee pain is not well understood. Objective: To confirm a clinical impression that osteoarthritic knee pain is more common in the short (ie, superior-presenting) leg, as measured by supine physical examination of 3 bony landmarks: the medial malleoli, the anterior superior iliac spines, and the iliac crests. The secondary objective was to measure the relative positions of the 3 bony landmarks to better understand functional contributions to LLD. Methods: A prospective single-occasion observational design was used. Patients who reported osteoarthritic knee pain during an office visit were recruited, and data were collected on 3 bony landmarks and which knee was usually most painful. Results: Of the 32 participants who were recruited, 28 were women and 4 were men. Of the 17 participants who reported having right knee pain, 10 had a short right leg and 7 had a short left leg. Of the 15 participants who reported having left knee pain, 13 had a short left leg, 1 had a short right leg, and 1 had equal leg lengths. Knee pain was most severe in the short leg for 23 of 32 participants (71.9%). The most common pattern was for both iliac crests to be equal and the short leg to be concordant with a superior anterior superior iliac spine, which occurred in 23 of 32 participants (71.9%). In the present study population, the magnitude of LLD ranged from 0 to 2.1 cm. Conclusion: Osteoarthritic knee pain was more common in the apparent short leg. More sophisticated studies, including investigations into the role of pelvic torsion in knee pain, as well as investigations for interoperator reliability and validity, are needed to build on the findings reported in this observational study.
Delayed treatment of septic arthritis in the neonate

AbstractThere is still controversy on the management of septic arthritis in neonates. This study aims to investigate the treatment of septic arthritis in neonates.We reviewed 52 neonates (37 males and 15 females) with septic arthritis in our hospital during 2004 to 2015. The mean age at onset of infection was 17.5 ± 7.6 days, mean age at admission was 32.6 ± 10.7 days. A total of 56 joints were involved (22 knees, 18 shoulders, 13 hips, and 3 other joints). Thiryt-six patients underwent surgical drainage, 14 patients were treated nonoperatively, 2 families refused treatment. Forty-four patients (48 joints) were followed for 4.5 ± 1.2 years. Based on treatment, these 48 joints were divided into an operative group and a nonoperative group. Clinical presentations, imaging examination results, treatments, and outcomes were analyzed.Among the patients who were followed-up, the time from onset to treatment in the operatively managed group (12.7 ± 8.1 days) was significantly shorter than that in the conservatively managed group (20.0 ± 8.2 days). There were no significant differences between both groups on the age at onset, age at admission, imaging score, length of hospital stay, WBC counts, and intravenous medication time. Thirty-five sites (72.9%) recovered completely. There was no significant difference on recovery rate between operative and nonoperative group. Only 33.3% of the hips recovered, this was significantly lower than that of knee/ankle (85.0%) and shoulder/elbow (78.9%). Sequels were found in 13 joints. Logistic regression indicated that sex, imaging score, and hip joint involvement were predictors of sequel. One point of imaging score increased the risk of sequels by a factor of 2.960, and hip joint involvement increased the risk of sequels by a factor of 12.712. Females were more likely to have sequels than males.Surgical drainage is recommended for early diagnosed neonatal septic arthritis and hip infections. A conservative approach may be more efficient for patients whose diagnosis and treatment had been delayed for more than 2 weeks. Antibiotics should be administered intravenously for 2 weeks and then orally for another 2 weeks. First-generation cephalosporin and clindamycin are recommended empirical antibiotics before causative agent and its resistance pattern are known.
Characteristics of depression in obese people living in an insecure environment.

BACKGROUND Obesity and depression are significant characteristics of people living in a state of chronic stress. PURPOSE Our aim was to determine the characteristics of depression in obese people living in an insecure unstable environment. MATERIALS AND METHODS The case-control study was organized in two rural environments in Kosovo and Metochia, Serbia. The main criterion for selection of participants was that respondents were more than 18 years old and had a body mass index of 25 kg/m 2 or more. Other anthropometric parameters determined were body weight, height, body fat mass, hip and waist circumference and the waist/hip ratio. The sex, demographic characteristics, profession, marital status, social status, existence of comorbidity, and cigarette smoking habits were recorded, and the arterial blood pressure measured for all participants. In the form of an interview, all respondents answered 17 questions, based on the Hamilton scale for depression. RESULTS The group of depressed patients was dominated by women (P = 0.009). A significant difference (P = 0.007) was found in relation to profession. Depression was significantly more frequent in those without a regular income (P < 0.001). Depressed patients were significantly older (P = 0.017), more obese (P = 0.04), shorter (P = 0.0001), had a larger hip circumference (P = 0.039) and WHR index (P = 0.049) compared to patients in whom depression was not established. CONCLUSIONS Depression is a significant characteristic in people living in an insecure environment, more common in women, without a permanent financial income.
Global English(es) and Global Chinese(s): toward rewriting a new literary history in Chinese

In the process of the globalization in culture, English has become more and more powerful and hegemonic along with the obscurity of the boundary of nation-states. The blurring of the national identity has led to the variegation of language. Although people of almost all countries are learning the English language, the hegemonic position of the traditional ‘King's English’ or ‘Queen's English’ has gradually been deconstructed, with many global ‘englishes’ appearing in the contemporary English-speaking world and non-English-speaking world. This fact has also had a strong impact on the purity of Chinese, one of the newly emergent international languages. Along with the heightening of China's position as both an economic and political power in the world, the fever for learning Chinese will also rise in some non-Chinese-speaking countries. Like English, Chinese is also undergoing a sort of splitting: from one standard Chinese into different ‘Chineses’. Thus writing literary history could also be done by means of language rather than merely by that of country or nation. The essay concludes with the author's new model for rethinking literary historiography by calling for the rewriting of a new literary history in Chinese.
Recognizing Rotated Faces From Frontal and Side Views: An Approach Toward Effective Use of Mugshot Databases

Mug shot photography has been used to identify criminals by the police for more than a century. However, the common scenario of face recognition using frontal and side-view mug shots as gallery remains largely uninvestigated in computerized face recognition across pose. This paper presents a novel appearance-based approach using frontal and sideface images to handle pose variations in face recognition, which has great potential in forensic and security applications involving police mugshot databases. Virtual views in different poses are generated in two steps: 1) shape modelling and 2) texture synthesis. In the shape modelling step, a multilevel variation minimization approach is applied to generate personalized 3-D face shapes. In the texture synthesis step, face surface properties are analyzed and virtual views in arbitrary viewing conditions are rendered, taking diffuse and specular reflections into account. Appearance-based face recognition is performed with the augmentation of synthesized virtual views covering possible viewing angles to recognize probe views in arbitrary conditions. The encouraging experimental results demonstrated that the proposed approach by using frontal and side-view images is a feasible and effective solution to recognizing rotated faces, which can lead to a better and practical use of existing forensic databases in computerized human face-recognition applications.
What Can Emu Countries' Sovereign Bond Spreads Tell Us About Market Perceptions of Default Probabilities During the Recent Financial Crisis?

This paper presents a new approach for analysing the recent development of EMU sovereign bond spreads. Based on a GARCH-in-mean model originally used in the exchange rate target zone literature, spreads are decomposed into a risk premium, an expected loss component and a liquidity premium. Time-varying default probabilities are derived. The results suggest that the rise in sovereign spreads during the recent financial crisis mainly reflects an increased expected loss component. In addition, the rescue of Bear Stearns in March 2008 seems to mark a change in market perceptions of sovereign bond risk. The government bonds of some countries lost their former role as a safe haven. While price competitiveness always helps to explain sovereign spreads, it increasingly moved into investors’ focus as financial sector soundness weakened.