Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Moderating effects of collectivism on customized communication: a test with tailored and targeted messages

A growing body of research has shown that customized messages have certain advantages over non-customized ones such as being more memorable and more persuasive. However, most prior studies tested customization effects with American participants only. It remains a mystery in the literature how people from other cultures may process customized messages. The current article examined the effects of two types of customized information, tailored and targeted, through two studies. Thirty Chinese working professionals and students in the US participated in study 1 and 56 Asian students in Hong Kong participated in study 2. In both studies, participants' tendencies toward collectivistic and individualistic cultures were measured. It was found that more collectivism-oriented participants generated higher recall and more favorable attitudes toward targeted messages, whereas less collectivism-oriented participants generated higher recall and more favorable attitudes toward tailored messages.
Maintenance of Embryonic Auxin Distribution for Apical-Basal Patterning by PIN-FORMED–Dependent Auxin Transport in Arabidopsisw⃞

Molecular mechanisms of pattern formation in the plant embryo are not well understood. Recent molecular and cellular studies, in conjunction with earlier microsurgical, physiological, and genetic work, are now starting to define the outlines of a model where gradients of the signaling molecule auxin play a central role in embryo patterning. It is relatively clear how these gradients are established and interpreted, but how they are maintained is still unresolved. Here, we have studied the contributions of auxin biosynthesis, conjugation, and transport pathways to the maintenance of embryonic auxin gradients. Auxin homeostasis in the embryo was manipulated by region-specific conditional expression of indoleacetic acid-tryptophan monooxygenase or indoleacetic acid-lysine synthetase, bacterial enzymes for auxin biosynthesis or conjugation. Neither manipulation of auxin biosynthesis nor of auxin conjugation interfered with auxin gradients and patterning in the embryo. This result suggests a compensatory mechanism for buffering auxin gradients in the embryo. Chemical and genetic inhibition revealed that auxin transport activity, in particular that of the PIN-FORMED1 (PIN1) and PIN4 proteins, is a major factor in the maintenance of these gradients.
Understanding Child Maltreatment in Hanoi

This study aimed to understand the role of low self-control, stress, depression, experience of intimate partner violence (IPV) and child abuse, and social support and child care support in the etiology of child abuse and neglect in Hanoi, Vietnam. The study estimated the prevalence of child maltreatment in a randomly selected, representative cluster sample of 269 Hanoi families. Among these families, 21% reported severe abuse of their children in the past year, 12% reported neglect. Low self-control was found to be strongly associated with child abuse. Life stressors were found to be strongly associated with neglect, but only indirectly with child abuse. Counter-intuitively, a positive interaction between social support and low self-control was found, suggesting that social support of parents low in self-control is associated with more maltreatment. Implications for research, intervention, and criminological theory are discussed.
de travail WP 2015-Nr 14 Indeterminacy and Sunspots in Two-Sector RBC Models with Generalized No-Income-Effect Preferences

We analyze sunspot-driven fluctuations in the standard two-sector RBC model with moderate increasing returns to scale and generalized no-income-effect preferences à la Greenwood, Hercovitz and Huffman [13]. We provide a detailed theoretical analysis enabling us to derive relevant bifurcation loci and to characterize the steady-state local stability properties as a function of various structural parameters. We show that local indeterminacy occurs through flip and Hopf bifurcations for a large set of values for the elasticity of intertemporal substitution in consumption, provided that the labor supply is sufficiently inelastic. Finally, we provide a detailed quantitative analysis of the model. Computing, on a quarterly basis, a new set of empirical moments related to two broadly defined consumption and investment sectors, we are able to identify, among the set of admissible calibrations consistent with sunspot equilibria, the ones that provide the best fit of the data. The model properly calibrated solves several empirical puzzles traditionally associated with two-sector RBC models.
An Apparently New Lethal Virus Disease of Infant Mice

A hitherto unreported disease of infant mice is described. The agent reproduces upon passage, is filterable, is confined mainly to the gastrointestinal tract in infant and adult mice, causes death in infants and inapparent infection in adults, and is sensitive to mild heat, ether, and sodium deoxycholate. Unique and characteristic morphologic changes occur in the epithelial cells of the intestine in infected infant mice. These consist in the development of multinucleated giant cells designated "balloon cells. ".
Elevation of Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, C-Reactive Protein and Cardiac Troponin T in Chronic Renal Failure Patients on Dialysis

Chronic renal failure (CRF) patients suffer from a chronic inflammation. They are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. In order to investigate this inflammatory process and cardiovascular risk factors associated with haemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD), we compared serum/plasma pro-inflammatory cytokines, C-reactive protein (CRP), and cardiac troponin T (cTnT) of 146 CRF patients treated or not treated with PD or HD. Serum cytokines and CRP as well as plasma cTnT were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, chemiluminescence immunoassay, and electrochemiluminescence immunoassay, respectively. Results indicated that serum interleukin (IL)-18 concentrations were significantly higher in PD and low creatinine clearance pre-dialysis CRF (LCC) patients than HD patients (both p < 0.05). IL-6 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α concentrations were significantly higher in PD patients than LCC patients (both p < 0.01). Serum hsCRP and plasma cTnT in HD were significantly higher than LCC (both p < 0.01). The elevation of pro-inflammatory cytokines should play an important role in the chronic inflammation and increased cardiovascular risk of CRF patients on dialysis. We are evaluating further the diagnostic and prognostic applications of pro-inflammatory cytokines and biochemical inflammatory markers for these patients.
Coping with Culture in Media Interpreting

Abstract Live broadcast simultaneous interpreting on television is widely acknowledged as one of the most challenging and stressful forms of screen translation, and translational activity in general. Aside from experience-based accounts by media interprets describing the specific working conditions and constraints in TV interpreting, the literature includes some interpreter and user surveys as well as case studies of physiological stress, but very few corpus-based analyses of actual media interpreting output. Based on a substantial corpus (approx. 64,000 words) of three comparable sets of English-German TV interpreting for a US Presidential Debate, this paper examines how highly professional media interpreters cope with such complex source-text material as cultural references in simultaneous interpreting. Framed by a functionalist account of the communicative event and the professional assignment, the corpus-based analysis presents quantitative evidence of how the interpreters cope (or not) as well as qualitative data illustrating particular problem-solving strategies.
Dorsal column is not involved in the mechanism of the hypotensive effect by simulating acupuncture on rat hindlimb

The present study investigated the role of the dorsal column (DC) in the mechanism of the hypotensive effect induced by simulating acupuncture on rat hindlimb. The femoral arterial pressure and electrocardiogram (ECG) of rats were recorded when the hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) was electrically stimulated with or without DC lesion. Stimulation of the deep peroneal nerve (DPN) decreased the pressor response elicited by electrical stimulation of the PVN. Thirty minutes after micro-dissection of the right DC, the inhibitory effect of stimulating the right or left DPN on the pressor response induced by stimulation of the contralateral PVN was not altered. Of 6 rats tested, the inhibitory effect of stimulating the right or left DPN could still be observed five days after the right DC was destroyed. The pain responses of both hindlimbs of the rats with the right DC destroyed showed no obvious difference when compared with the sham control rats. These data suggest that the DC is not involved in the inhibitory effect of stimulating the DPN on the pressor response induced by the PVN activation.
Changes in Drug Use Among Belgian Higher Education Students: A Comparison Between 2005, 2009, and 2013

ABSTRACT Background: Most drug users initiate illicit drug use during adolescence and young adulthood. Although in the general population a trend towards a decrease in drug use can be seen, patterns of drug use among students are unclear. Objectives: The objective of the study was to look at drug use patterns among students in higher education in Belgium. Methods: A survey study in Antwerp (Belgium) was conducted on three occasions (2005, 2009, and 2013) at several institutes for higher education. Students (total sample size 24,478; 29,210, and 31,950, respectively) were asked if they had used legal or illicit drugs in the past year. To compare whether drug use differed between the separate years, χ2-tests were performed on past-year drug use for all three time points. If significant, χ2-tests between pairs were performed. Gender and age differences were also analyzed. Results: The use of nondistilled alcohol, spirits, and cannabis decreased during this period but no change in student's use patterns was seen for beer, wine, sedative hypnotics, stimulating medication, XTC, cocaine, or amphetamines. Tobacco use decreased initially, but increased in 2013. More men indicated having used drugs in the past year than women. Only for cannabis did more younger students indicate having used in the past year. Conclusions/Importance: The data from this study could provide valuable insights for academic and governmental bodies and health care professionals into the use of drugs by higher education students since this subgroup shows specific use patterns.
Anxiety and Affective Control Among Distance Language Learners in China and the UK

Foreign language anxiety (FLA) has been the focus of many studies into affect in classroom settings. However, the growing numbers of distance language learners worldwide in recent years calls for greater attention to be paid to this increasingly important constituency of language learners. Following on from Hurd’s investigation into FLA with distance learners of French at the Open University, UK (Hurd, 2007b), this article turns its attention to an Eastern context, reporting on a study into affect in the distance learning of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) in China. Both studies examined anxiety from the learner’s perspective. Findings from the Chinese study showed that some anxiety-provoking factors were associated with an inability to apply even basic knowledge of grammar and acquired vocabulary to actual language use. In terms of affective control, there was little evidence in either study of the use of affective strategies considered to be conducive to reducing anxiety. It was also noted that students’ anxiety-reducing measures were characterized by a preference for self-help over help-seeking strategies, although the majority considered the tutor’s role to be of paramount importance. Results and pedagogical implications from the two studies are compared where applicable.
The Relationship between Reciprocity and the Emotional and Behavioural Responses of Staff

Background The current study examines a model relating to the concept of reciprocity and burnout in staff, incorporating previous research findings based upon Weiner’s (1980, 1986) cognitive-emotional model linking emotions, optimism and helping behaviour, with the aim of testing the model. Materials Staff working in community homes within the voluntary, private and public sector for people with intellectual disabilities within an urban borough completed a self-report questionnaire including measures of reciprocity, burnout, emotion, optimism and helping behaviour. Results Support was found for an association between lack of reciprocity and levels of burnout. Burnout was found to be correlated with emotion, optimism and helping behaviour. Path analysis revealed significant associations between a lack of reciprocity with the organization and colleagues, burnout, positive affect, optimism and helping. Conclusions The findings provide support for the role of reciprocal relationships between care staff, the organization and work colleagues in burnout. Some support was found for the proposed model. The clinical implications of the study, methodological considerations and recommendations for future research are discussed.
Competing Environmental Labels

type="main"> We study markets in which consumers prefer green products but cannot determine the environmental quality of any given firm's product on their own. A nongovernmental organization (NGO) can establish a voluntary standard and label products that comply with it. Alternatively, industry can create its own standard and label. We compare the stringency of these two types of labels, and study their strategic interaction when they coexist. We find that even with error-free labels, environmental benefits may be smaller with two labels than with the NGO label alone, and we characterize when label competition is more likely to be environmentally beneficial.
Sleep, Fatigue and Quality of Life: A Comparative Analysis among Night Shift Workers with and without Children

Introduction The reversal of the natural cycle of wakefulness and sleep may cause damage to the health of workers. However, there are few studies evaluating sleep, fatigue and quality of life of night shift workers considering the influence of small children on these variables. Aims Evaluate the sleep time, fatigue and quality of life of night shift workers and verify the relationship between these variables with the presence or absence of children in different age groups. Methods Were evaluated 78 mens shiftworkers, with or without children. Group 1, workers without children (G1-NC), group 2, workers with children pré-school age (G2-PS) and group 3, workers with children school age (G3-S). The sleep time (ST), sleep efficiency (SE), sleep latency (SL) and maximum time awake (MTA) were recorded by actigraphy. The risk of being fatigued at work was estimated by risk index for fatigue (RIF). Results The G1-NC showed a longer ST on working days and when evaluated only the first nights shift, after day off (p<0,005). This sample, the age of the children did not influence the sleep time these workers. The MTA on day off was lower in the workers from G2-PS. The RIF was lower on G1-NC in the first nights shift compared to the other groups. Conclusion In this research, workers without children had higher sleep time during the working days. These workers also were less likely to feel fatigued during night work than workers with children, regardless of age these children.
Production, purification, and characterization of a novel galactose oxidase from Fusarium acuminatum

Extra‐cellular production of a novel galactose oxidase from Fusarium acuminatum using submerged fermentation was studied. Glucose (1.0% w/v) was used as the sole carbon source. Maximum galactose oxidase production (approximately 4.0 U/ml) was obtained when fermentation was carried out at 25 °C, with orbital shaking (100 rpm) and an initial medium of pH 7.0, for 96 h, using a 2% (v/v) inoculum made from a homogenized four‐day‐old liquid culture, in the presence of copper, manganese, and magnesium. The enzyme was purified by one‐step affinity chromatography, with a recovery of 42% of the initial activity. The purified enzyme ran as a single band of 66 kDa in SDS‐PAGE. Optimal pH and temperature for the enzyme activity were 8.0 and 30 °C, respectively. The enzyme was thermoinactivated at temperatures above 60 °C. The purified enzyme was active toward various substrates, including galactose, dihydroxyacetone, guar gum, lactose, melibiose, methyl‐galactopyranoside, and raffinose. SDS was an inhibitor but EDTA, Tween 80, NH4+, Na+, Mg2+, K+, and glycerol were not. The Michaelis‐Menten constant (Km) for galactose was estimated to be 16.2 mM, while maximal velocity (Vmax) was 0.27 μmol of H2O2 · ml–1 · min–1. (© 2007 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Acupuncture Point Laterality: Investigation of Acute Effects of Quchi (LI11) in Patients with Hypertension Using Heart Rate Variability

Hypertension is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular disease worldwide. Over 70% of the patients use antihypertensive drugs, so nonpharmacological treatments in addition to the medication are important. Our goal was to investigate acupuncture treatment on the Quchi acupoint using heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV) and to find out whether there is a laterality in acute effects. Sixty hypertensive patients (36 female, 24 male; mean age ± SD 55.8 ± 9.7 years) were randomly assigned to two manual needle acupuncture groups (group A: left Quchi (LI11) acupoint, group B: right Quchi acupoint). There was a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in HR immediately after inserting and stimulating the needle at the left and the right Quchi acupuncture point. In contrast, total HRV increased immediately after inserting the needle, but this increase was significant only towards the end of the stimulation phase and after removing the needle. There were some differences between stimulation of the left and right Quchi acupoint, but they remained insignificant. This study provides evidence that there is a beneficial effect on heart rate variability in patients with hypertension and that there are some effects of laterality of the acupoint Quchi.
Continuous-time model of structural balance

It is not uncommon for certain social networks to divide into two opposing camps in response to stress. This happens, for example, in networks of political parties during winner-takes-all elections, in networks of companies competing to establish technical standards, and in networks of nations faced with mounting threats of war. A simple model for these two-sided separations is the dynamical system dX/dt = X2, where X is a matrix of the friendliness or unfriendliness between pairs of nodes in the network. Previous simulations suggested that only two types of behavior were possible for this system: Either all relationships become friendly or two hostile factions emerge. Here we prove that for generic initial conditions, these are indeed the only possible outcomes. Our analysis yields a closed-form expression for faction membership as a function of the initial conditions and implies that the initial amount of friendliness in large social networks (started from random initial conditions) determines whether they will end up in intractable conflict or global harmony.
Reversal of Ethanol-induced Intoxication by a Novel Modulator of Gβγ Protein Potentiation of the Glycine Receptor*

The acute intoxicating effects of ethanol in the central nervous system result from the modulation of several molecular targets. It is widely accepted that ethanol enhances the activity of the glycine receptor (GlyR), thus enhancing inhibitory neurotransmission, leading to motor effects, sedation, and respiratory depression. We previously reported that small peptides interfered with the binding of Gβγ to the GlyR and consequently inhibited the ethanol-induced potentiation of the receptor. Now, using virtual screening, we identified a subset of small molecules capable of interacting with the binding site of Gβγ. One of these compounds, M554, inhibited the ethanol potentiation of the GlyR in both evoked currents and synaptic transmission in vitro. When this compound was tested in vivo in mice treated with ethanol (1–3.5 g/kg), it was found to induce a faster recovery of motor incoordination in rotarod experiments and a shorter sedative effect in loss of righting reflex assays. This study describes a novel molecule that might be relevant for the design of useful therapeutic compounds in the treatment of acute alcohol intoxication.
Embedded teacher leadership: support for a site‐based model of professional development

Project Achieve is a professional development (PD) project that utilizes teacher leaders (TLs), former teachers who have been reassigned to provide school‐based mentoring, instruction, lesson plan assistance and modelling of lessons for urban middle school teachers. A primary goal of Project Achieve is to evaluate the extent to which TLs were able to increase teaching skill to such an extent that it positively impacted student learning. The results of this comparative case study reveal that Project Achieve was successful in improving teaching performance and increasing student achievement.
Familial Mutations of the Transcription Factor RUNX1 (AML1, CBFA2) Predispose to Acute Myeloid Leukemia

RUNX1 (AML1, CBFA2) is mutated in affected members of families with autosomal dominant thrombocytopenia and platelet dense granule storage pool deficiency. Many of those affected, usually by point mutations in one allele, are predisposed to the development of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in adult life. The RUNX1 protein complexes with core binding factor beta (CBFB) to form a heterodimeric core binding transcription factor (CBF) that regulates many genes important in hematopoiesis. RUNX1 was first identified as the gene on chromosome 21 that is rearranged by the translocation t(8;21)(q22;q22.12) recurrently found in the leukemic cells of patients with AML. In addition to the t(8;21), RUNX1 is rearranged with one of several partner genes on other chromosomes by somatically acquired translocations associated with hematological malignancies. Point mutations of RUNX1 are also found in sporadic leukemias to reinforce the important position of this gene on the multi-step path to leukemia. In animal models, at least one functional copy of RUNX1 is required to effect definitive embryonic hematopoiesis. Cells expressing dominant-negative mutants of RUNX1 are readily immortalized and transformed, and those RUNX1 mutants which retain CBFB binding ability may possess dominant-negative function. However, in some families there is transmitted one mutated allele of RUNX1 with no dominant-negative function, demonstrating that simple haploinsufficiency of RUNX1 predisposes to AML and also causes a generalized hematopoietic stem cell disorder most recognizable as thrombocytopenia.
Sexual Harassment in the News: The United States and France

This article documents and accounts for important differences in press coverage of sexual harassment in the United States and France. Compared to French press coverage, American reporting on sexual harassment has been much more extensive and more likely to focus on domestic sexual harassment scandals involving political individuals or institutions. This is attributed largely to the American press greater reliance on business, greater journalistic freedom, stronger traditions of investigative journalism, as well as more inclusive legal definitions of sexual harassment. While silent on French scandals, due to global political realities, the French press has reported extensively on American sexual harassment scandals and has been more dismissive of the problems of sexual harassment and (American) feminist activists when reporting on the United States. This article further analyzes how each press has framed the problem of sexual harassment and how such framing varies by story and over time.