Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pregabalin in acute and chronic pain

Pregabalin is a gamma-amino-butyric acid analog shown to be effective in several models of neuropathic pain, incisional injury, and inflammatory injury. In this review, the role of pregabalin in acute postoperative pain and in chronic pain syndromes has been discussed. Multimodal perioperative analgesia with the use of gabapentinoids has become common. Based on available evidence from randomized controlled trials and meta-analysis, the perioperative administration of pregabalin reduces opioid consumption and opioid-related adverse effects in the first 24 h following surgery. Postoperative pain intensity is however not consistently reduced by pregabalin. Adverse effects like visual disturbance, sedation, dizziness, and headache are associated with higher doses. The advantage of the perioperative use of pregabalin is so far limited to laparoscopic, gynecological, and daycare surgeries which are not very painful. The role of the perioperative administration of pregabalin in preventing chronic pain following surgery, its efficacy in more painful surgeries and surgeries done under regional anesthesia, and the optimal dosage and duration of perioperative pregabalin need to be studied. The efficacy of pregabalin in chronic pain conditions like painful diabetic neuropathy, postherpetic neuralgia, central neuropathic pain, and fibromyalgia has been demonstrated.
Tolerability, Safety, and Efficacy of PEG 3350 as a 1-day Bowel Preparation in Children

Objective: The aim of the study was to evaluate the tolerability, safety, and efficacy of polyethylene glycol (PEG) 3350 without electrolytes as a 1-day bowel preparation for colonoscopy in children. Methods: A prospective study of 45 children undergoing colonoscopy prescribed PEG 3350 without electrolytes mixed with a commercial electrolyte beverage was performed. Patients <45 kg received 136 g of PEG 3350 without electrolytes mixed in 32 ounces of Gatorade. Patients ≥45 kg were given 255 g of PEG 3350 without electrolytes in 64 ounces of Gatorade. A basic metabolic panel was performed at the time of the clinic visit and just before colonoscopy. Patients completed a survey related to bowel preparation. Endoscopists graded bowel preparation and noted the proximal extent of the examination. Results: A total of 44 patients (14 ± 3 years) completed the study. One patient was excluded due to protocol breach. All subjects reported the preparation was easy (61%) or tolerable (39%). Adverse events included nausea (34%), abdominal pain (23%), vomiting (16%), abdominal distension (20%), bloating (23%), and dizziness (7%). Although significant changes in serum glucose and CO2 were noted, no therapeutic interventions were indicated. Significant changes in sodium, potassium chloride, blood urea nitrogen, or creatinine did not occur. Colonic preparation was rated as excellent in 23%, good in 52%, fair in 23%, and poor in 2% of patients. Intubation of the ileum was successful in 100%. Conclusions: One-day bowel preparation with high dose PEG 3350 mixed with commercial electrolyte solution is tolerable, safe, and effective in children before colonoscopy.
Effective interprofessional teams: “Contact is not enough” to build a team

Introduction: Teamwork and interprofessional practice and learning are becoming integral to health care. It is anticipated that these approaches can maximize professional resources and optimize patient care. Current research, however, suggests that primary health care teams may lack the capacity to function at a level that enhances the individual contributions of their members and team effectiveness. This study explores perceptions of effective primary health care teams to determine the related learning needs of primary health care professionals. Methods: Primary health care team members with a particular interest in teamwork shared perspectives of effective teamwork and educational needs in interprofessional focus groups. Transcripts from nine focus groups with a total of 61 participants were analyzed using content analysis and grounded hermeneutic approaches to identify themes. Results: Five themes of primary care team effectiveness emerged: (1) understanding and respecting team members' roles, (2) recognizing that teams require work, (3) understanding primary health care, (4) working together: practical “know‐how” for sharing patient care, and (5) communication. Communication was identified as the essential factor in effective primary health care teams. Discussion: Several characteristics of effective primary health care teams and the related knowledge and skills that professionals require as effective team members are identified. Effective teamwork requires specific cognitive, technical, and affective competence.
Structural, Transport and Electrochemical Properties of LiFePO4 Substituted in Lithium and Iron Sublattices (Al, Zr, W, Mn, Co and Ni)

LiFePO4 is considered to be one of the most promising cathode materials for lithium ion batteries for electric vehicle (EV) application. However, there are still a number of unsolved issues regarding the influence of Li and Fe-site substitution on the physicochemical properties of LiFePO4. This is a review-type article, presenting results of our group, related to the possibility of the chemical modification of phosphoolivine by introduction of cation dopants in Li and Fe sublattices. Along with a synthetic review of previous papers, a large number of new results are included. The possibility of substitution of Li+ by Al3+, Zr4+, W6+ and its influence on the physicochemical properties of LiFePO4 was investigated by means of XRD, SEM/EDS, electrical conductivity and Seebeck coefficient measurements. The range of solid solution formation in Li1−3xAlxFePO4, Li1−4xZrxFePO4 and Li1−6xWxFePO4 materials was found to be very narrow. Transport properties of the synthesized materials were found to be rather weakly dependent on the chemical composition. The battery performance of selected olivines was tested by cyclic voltammetry (CV). In the case of LiFe1−yMyPO4 (M = Mn, Co and Ni), solid solution formation was observed over a large range of y (0 < y ≤ 1). An increase of electrical conductivity for the substitution level y = 0.25 was observed. Electrons of 3d metals other than iron do not contribute to the electrical properties of LiFe1−yMyPO4, and substitution level y > 0.25 leads to considerably lower values of σ. The activated character of electrical conductivity with a rather weak temperature dependence of the Seebeck coefficient suggests a small polaron-type conduction mechanism. The electrochemical properties of LiFe1−yMyPO4 strongly depend on the Fe substitution level.
Framingham score, renal dysfunction, and cardiovascular risk in liver transplant patients

Cardiovascular (CV) events represent major impediments to the long‐term survival of liver transplantation (LT) patients. The aim of this study was to assess whether the Framingham risk score (FRS) at transplantation can predict the development of post‐LT cardiovascular events (CVEs). Patients transplanted between 2006 and 2008 were included. Baseline features, CV risk factors, and CVEs occurring after LT (ischemic heart disease, stroke, heart failure, de novo arrhythmias, and peripheral arterial disease) were recorded. In total, 250 patients (69.6% men) with a median age of 56 years (range, 18‐68 years) were included. At transplantation, 34.4%, 34.4%, and 33.2% of patients, respectively, had a low, moderate, and high FRS with a median FRS of 14.9 (range, 0.09‐30); 14.4% of LT recipients developed at least 1 CVE at a median of 2.619 years (range, 0.006‐6.945 years). In the univariate analysis, factors associated with the development of CVEs were the continuous FRS at LT (P = 0.003), age (P = 0.007), creatinine clearance [estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR); P = 0.020], and mycophenolate mofetil use at discharge (P = 0.011). In the multivariate analysis, only the eGFR [hazard ratio (HR), 0.98; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.97‐1.00; P = 0.009] and FRS (HR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.02‐1.10; P = 0.002) remained in the model. Moreover, an association was also found between the FRS and overall survival (P = 0.004) with 5‐year survival rates of 82.5%, 77.8%, and 61.4% for the low‐, moderate‐, and high‐risk groups, respectively. Continuous FRS, eGFR, and hepatitis C virus infection were independent risk factors for overall mortality. In our series, the FRS and eGFR at LT were able to predict the development of post‐LT CVEs and poor outcomes. Liver Transpl 21:812‐822, 2015. © 2015 AASLD.
Decoupling power systems analysis using hybrid load flow calculation

A large number of new and decentralized energy conversion systems (ECSs) in combination with renewable energy sources (RESs) have recently been integrated into the conventional grid to build up sustainable energy supply systems. This is one of main challenge of future smart grids. Thus, currently there are plenty researches focusing on the grid integration such as clustering concept. By clustering concept, it has a possibility to form the distributed generation (DG) units in a small group, which can establish an advance control function in order to make this small group to behave like a virtual power plant. Therefore, the grid integration can be completed in an easily way. However by adding the new grids, the fluctuation of dynamic behavior can cause the unstable power systems, for example, the voltage profile can temporally be out of the nominal rated condition. To avoid the unstable condition, the basic description such as the power flow between connected- or decoupling positions must be clarified and analyzed. In general analysis, the power system analysis needs to recreate the model structure when the new grid is joining the existing grids. This results in an increased complexity of power system analysis. Therefore, this paper introduces the decoupling power system analysis, which can analyze separately on each grid and no need to recreate new model when power systems structure is changed by adding the new grid. To validate the proposed method, the simulation case studies are provided and the results prove that the proposed method can be utilized as the general analysis method.
Adaptive Compressed Sensing via Minimizing Cramer–Rao Bound

This letter considers the problem of observation strategy design for compressed sensing. An adaptive method, based on Cramer-Rao bound minimization, is proposed to design the sensing matrix. Simulation results demonstrate that the adaptively constructed sensing matrix can lead to much lower recovery errors than those of traditional Gaussian matrices and some existing adaptive approaches.
Primary Cutaneous Lymphomas in Children and Adolescents

Primary cutaneous lymphomas are rare in children and mostly represented by mycosis fungoides and CD30+ lymphoproliferative disorders. Most pediatric cutaneous lymphomas have similar clinical/pathological features as their adult counterparts, particularly the T‐cell subtypes. With regard to outcome, adult cutaneous mature T‐cell lymphomas have a tendency to progression, while this appears to be relatively infrequent in children. The outcome of cutaneous B‐cell lymphomas depends on subtype, with the B‐lymphoblastic entity being associated with similar outcomes to precursor B acute lymphoblastic leukemia, while there are insufficient data on other entities. The diagnosis and treatment of these patients require a close collaboration between experienced pediatric pathologists, dermatologists, and oncologists. Prospective collection of longitudinal clinical and biological data from children with these rare lymphomas is needed to better understand their biological and clinical behavior and to ultimately discover the best therapeutic strategies.
kGuard: Lightweight Kernel Protection against Return-to-User Attacks

Return-to-user (ret2usr) attacks exploit the operating system kernel, enabling local users to hijack privileged execution paths and execute arbitrary code with elevated privileges. Current defenses have proven to be inadequate, as they have been repeatedly circumvented, incur considerable overhead, or rely on extended hypervisors and special hardware features. We present kGuard, a compiler plugin that augments the kernel with compact inline guards, which prevent ret2usr with low performance and space overhead. kGuard can be used with any operating system that features a weak separation between kernel and user space, requires no modifications to the OS, and is applicable to both 32-and 64-bit architectures. Our evaluation demonstrates that Linux kernels compiled with kGuard become impervious to a variety of control-flow hijacking exploits. kGuard exhibits lower overhead than previouswork, imposing on average an overhead of 11.4% on system call and I/O latency on ×86 OSs, and 10.3% on x86-64. The size of a kGuard-protected kernel grows between 3.5% and 5.6%, due to the inserted checks, while the impact on real-life applications is minimal (≤1%).
Aspiration pneumonia and death in Huntington’s disease

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative autosomal dominant disease characterized by choreatic and hypokinetic movements, disturbed behaviour, and cognitive decline. Pneumonia is the most common cause of death, followed by cardiovasculair diseases. It has been suggested that choking is the causative underlying factor for pneumonia in HD. As a detailed specification of the type of pneumonia has never been performed, we analyzed the records of our Brain Bank containing 224 cases to determine the exact cause of death and type of pneumonia. The conclusion is that the majority (86.8%) of our HD patients where the cause of death could be identified died from aspiration pneumonia.
Is Praesepe really different from the coeval Hyades cluster? The XMM-Newton view

The Praesepe open cluster represents a puzzle since it has about the same age as the Hyades, and only slightly different metallicity, yet previous ROSAT observations resulted in a detection rate of cluster sources significantly lower than for the Hyades. We present a new 50 ksec observation of Praesepe performed with the EPIC instrument on board XMM- Newton , which resulted in the detection of ~200 sources, including 48 cluster members. We detected all solar-type (F–G) stars in the field of view, ~90% of the K stars and ~70% of the M stars. We find that the distribution of X-ray luminosities of solar-type Praesepe members is comparable to that of the Hyades, in contrast with the previous ROSAT results; however, the disagreement between the ROSAT and XMM- Newton results appears to be mostly due to X-ray faint Praesepe members falling outside the XMM- Newton field of view, while it is considerably reduced when considering only the subsample of stars in the ROSAT survey in common with the present observation. The finding supports an earlier suggestion that Praesepe may be formed by two merged clusters of different age.
Experimental Studies Of The Heat Transfer Characteristics Of Silica Nanoparticle Water-based Dispersion In Pool Boiling Using Nichrome Flat Ribbons And Wires

This work deals with a study of enhanced critical heat flux (CHF) and burnout heat flux (BHF) in pool boiling of water with suspended silica nanoparticles using ribbon-type and wire heaters. Previously our group and other researchers have reported three-digit percentage increase in critical heat flux in silica nanofluids. This study investigates the effect of various heater surface dimensions and cross-sectional shapes on pool boiling heat transfer characteristics of water and water-based nanofluids. CHF and BHF were analyzed for circularand rectangular-cross section nichrome wires and ribbons of increasing sizes in the range of 0.32mm to 2.38mm width, approaching a flat-plate scenario. Experimental trends showed that the CHF and BHF in water pool boiling decrease as heater surface area increases, and for similar surface area, the wire had a 25% higher CHF than that of the ribbon. For concentrations from 0.1vol% to 2vol%, various properties such as viscosity, pH, and surface tension as well as silica deposition on surface and glowing length of ribbon were measured in order to study the possible factors in the heat transfer behavior of nanofluids. The deposition of the particles on the wire allows high heat transfer through inter-agglomerate pores, resulting in a nearly 3-fold increase in burnout heat flux at very low concentrations. Results have shown a maximum of up to 340% CHF enhancement for ribbon-type heaters, and the relationship of CHF with respect to nanoparticle concentration has been found to be non-monotonic with a peak around 0.2vol% to 0.4vol%. Visualization of boiling experiments aided with determination of relative bubble sizes, nucleation, and flow regimes. The surface morphology of the heater was investigated using SEM and EDS analyses, and it was inferred that the 2vol% concentration deposition coating had higher porosity and rate of deposition compared with 0.2vol% case.
In vitro and in vivo characterization of CYP inhibition by 1‐aminobenzotriazole in rats

1‐Aminobenzotriazole (ABT) is a non‐isoform specific, time‐dependent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes used extensively in preclinical studies to determine the relative contribution of oxidative metabolism. Although ABT has been widely used, the extent and duration of its inhibitory effect is not well understood. The purpose of this study is to characterize ABT inhibition of CYP in rats at both the hepatic and intestinal levels. In vivo studies using midazolam (p.o. and i.v.), as a probe for CYP activity, demonstrated that CYP inhibition was not complete even at the highest dose (300 mg/kg). Additional in vivo studies demonstrated that even at 26 h following ABT administration, there was significant CYP inhibition remaining. In vitro studies, conducted in both rat liver microsomes and rat hepatocytes, confirm that ABT is a time‐dependent inhibitor of rat CYP orthologs. However, in rat liver microsomes, there was more than 15% CYP activity remaining following a 60 min preincubation at 2 mm ABT and 5–10% of CYP activity was remaining in rat hepatocytes suspended in rat plasma following a 60 min preincubation at 2 mm ABT. 1‐Aminobenzotriazole is a useful tool in elucidating the oxidative component of metabolism in preclinical species; however, conclusions made from the preclinical use of ABT should not operate under the assumption that CYP enzymatic activity is completely inhibited. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
On Using Micro-Clouds to Deliver the Fog

The cloud is scalable and cost-efficient, but it isn't ideal for hosting all applications. Fog computing proposes an alternative of offloading some computation to the edge. Which applications to offload, where to send them, and when this should occur isn't entirely clear yet due to a lack of understanding of potential edge infrastructures. Through a number of experiments, the authors showcase the feasibility and readiness of micro-clouds formed by collections of Raspberry Pis to host a range of fog applications, particularly for network-constrained environments.
Anthelmintic screening of fractions of Spigelia anthelmia Linn extracts against experimental Nippostrongylus braziliensis in rats

This study was undertaken to screen fractions of extracts of Spigelia anthelmia to fi nd out its anthelmintic activity against experimental Nippostrongylus braziliensis infection in rats. 1000 g of the ethanolic crude extract of Spigelia anthelmia yielded 199 g (19.9%) while fractionation with chloroform, water and ethylacetate yielded 120 g (60%), 64 (32%) and 9 g (4.5%) respectively. In the anthelmintic trial in rats, the aqueous and ethylacetate fractions gave a highly signifi cant (P 0.05) deparasitization when compared with the control. However, comparing the fractions with each other, chloroform and ethylacetate fractions gave a non signifi cant (P>0.05) deparasitization while the aqueous fraction gave a highly signifi cant (P<0.001) deparasitization. The aqueous fraction was therefore found to possess the active anthelmintic ingredient.
Investigation of the biological effects of artificial perfusion using rat extracorporeal circulation model

Extracorporeal circulation (ECC) is indispensable for cardiac surgery. Since difficulty in clinical research keeps the knowledge insufficient, it is desirable to have a miniature ECC system for small animals. We aimed to establish a miniature ECC system and apply the system to the rat for investigating biochemical changes. The ECC system consisted of a membranous oxygenator (polypropylene, 0.03 m2), tubing line (polyvinyl chloride) and roller pump. Priming volume of this system is only 15 ml. Rats were divided into the SHAM group and the ECC group. ECC pump flow was initiated and maintained at 70 ml/kg/min. We measured the serum cytokine levels of tumor necrosis factor-a, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-10, and biochemical markers (lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase) before, 60, and 120 min after the initiation of ECC. In addition, we measured the wet-to-dry weight (W/D) ratio of the left lung tissues. During ECC, blood pressure and Hb were maintained around 80 mmHg and 10g/dl, the serum cytokine levels and biochemical markers were significantly elevated in the ECC group compared with the SHAM group. The W/D ratio increased significantly more in the ECC group compared with that in the SHAM group. These data suggest that ECC promotes organ damages and systemic inflammatory response. This rat ECC model is considered to be equivalent to the already established human ECC and useful for studying the mechanism of pathophysiological changes during artificial perfusion.
Impact of wet-dry cycles on the swelling ability and hydraulic conductivity of a polymer modified bentonite

Geosynthetic clay liners (GCLs) are widely used as hydraulic barrier to isolate waste disposal facilities thanks to their low permeability to water. In the field, the efficiency of GCLs can be altered by cation exchange and highly concentrated solutions during contact with aggressive liquids and by the desiccation caused by seasonal temperature changes. Wet and dry cycles lead to desiccation and cracking of the bentonite. As a consequence, the self-healing capacity, the swelling ability and the hydraulic conductivity are impaired, hence leading to cracking of the bentonite and contamination of the ground. HYPER clay is a polymer modified bentonite developed to provide enhanced performance in presence of electrolyte solutions. In this paper, the effect of different drying temperatures on the swelling ability (air, 40°C and 60°C) and hydraulic conductivity (40°C, 60°C and 105°C) of powder and GCLs prototypes containing HYPER clay and untreated clay subjected to wet-dry cycles with seawater were investigated and compared. Test results showed that the drying temperature plays an important role on the crack formation and self-healing time of the tested materials. The HYPER clay treatment improved the swelling ability and self-healing capacity of the bentonite subjected to wet and dry cycles. Moreover, the permeability of the GCLs containing HYPER clay was lower than that of the untreated bentonite after four wet-dry cycles.