Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mean Box Pooling: A Rich Image Representation and Output Embedding for the Visual Madlibs Task

We present Mean Box Pooling, a novel visual representation that pools over CNN representations of a large number, highly overlapping object proposals. We show that such representation together with nCCA, a successful multimodal embedding technique, achieves state-of-the-art performance on the Visual Madlibs task. Moreover, inspired by the nCCA's objective function, we extend classical CNN+LSTM approach to train the network by directly maximizing the similarity between the internal representation of the deep learning architecture and candidate answers. Again, such approach achieves a significant improvement over the prior work that also uses CNN+LSTM approach on Visual Madlibs.
Creep Behavior of a Rabbit Model of Ligament Laxity after Electrothermal Shrinkage in Vivo *

Deformation of capsular tissue under constant load (creep) may lead to recurrent laxity after thermal shrinkage for shoulder instability. We investigated the effects of thermal shrinkage in a rabbit model in which the tibial insertion of the medial collateral ligament was elevated and shifted toward the joint line to create abnormal laxity. On the right side, radiofrequency electrothermal energy was applied to the shifted ligament, while the left side served as a control. Length, laxity, mass, cross-sectional area, water content, and creep behavior of the ligament were assessed at 0 (N = 8), 3 (N = 7), and 12 (N = 6) weeks postoperatively. Laxity was reduced with thermal treatment (0.65 ± 0.31 compared with 3.33 ± 0.25 mm). After 3 weeks, ligament mass, area, and water content were significantly increased in the thermally treated group compared with the untreated controls. At 12 weeks, cyclic creep strain remained greater than that in controls (1.25% ± 0.65% compared with 0.93% ± 0.22%). Although thermal shrinkage reduced laxity, there was increased potential to creep and failure at low physiologic stresses. These findings suggest that loading of thermally treated tissues should be carefully controlled during the early phase of rehabilitation after surgery.
Honeybee (Apis mellifera) Venom Reinforces Viral Clearance during the Early Stage of Infection with Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus through the Up-Regulation of Th1-Specific Immune Responses

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a chronic and immunosuppressive viral disease that is responsible for substantial economic losses for the swine industry. Honeybee venom (HBV) is known to possess several beneficial biological properties, particularly, immunomodulatory effects. Therefore, this study aimed at evaluating the effects of HBV on the immune response and viral clearance during the early stage of infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) in pigs. HBV was administered via three routes of nasal, neck, and rectal and then the pigs were inoculated with PRRSV intranasally. The CD4+/CD8+ cell ratio and levels of interferon (IFN)-γ and interleukin (IL)-12 were significantly increased in the HBV-administered healthy pigs via nasal and rectal administration. In experimentally PRRSV-challenged pigs with virus, the viral genome load in the serum, lung, bronchial lymph nodes and tonsil was significantly decreased, as was the severity of interstitial pneumonia, in the nasal and rectal administration group. Furthermore, the levels of Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ and IL-12) were significantly increased, along with up-regulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-1β) with HBV administration. Thus, HBV administration—especially via the nasal or rectal route—could be a suitable strategy for immune enhancement and prevention of PRRSV infection in pigs.
A study of interactive 6 DOF docking in a computerised virtual environment

The study investigated the ability to interactively perform a combined positioning and orientation task in a three-dimensional computer environment using a six degree of freedom input device. Two different visual feedback modes were tested: fixed viewpoint monoscopic perspective and fixed viewpoint stereoscopic perspective. Targets were located at one of six positions at plus and minus 10 cm along the X, Y or Z axes from a fixed starting location. Targets were oriented in one of seven orientations, a default orientation and at plus and minus 45 degrees from the default orientation about each axis. The results indicate that stereoscopic viewing improves trial completion time and positioning accuracy along the Z axis, but has no effect upon rotation accuracy. A significant variation in trial completion time across the target position and target orientation conditions was also found. Rotation error appears biased towards the X and Z axes.
Intensity and physiological responses to the 6-minute walk test in middle-aged and older adults: a comparison with cardiopulmonary exercise testing

The 6-minute walk test (6MWT) is a simple field test that is widely used in clinical settings to assess functional exercise capacity. However, studies with healthy subjects are scarce. We hypothesized that the 6MWT might be useful to assess exercise capacity in healthy subjects. The purpose of this study was to evaluate 6MWT intensity in middle-aged and older adults, as well as to develop a simple equation to predict oxygen uptake (V˙O2) from the 6-min walk distance (6MWD). Eighty-six participants, 40 men and 46 women, 40-74 years of age and with a mean body mass index of 28±6 kg/m2, performed the 6MWT according to American Thoracic Society guidelines. Physiological responses were evaluated during the 6MWT using a K4b2 Cosmed telemetry gas analyzer. On a different occasion, the subjects performed ramp protocol cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) on a treadmill. Peak V˙O2 in the 6MWT corresponded to 78±13% of the peak V˙O2 during CPET, and the maximum heart rate corresponded to 80±23% of that obtained in CPET. Peak V˙O2 in CPET was adequately predicted by the 6MWD by a linear regression equation: V˙O2 mL·min-1·kg-1 = -2.863 + (0.0563×6MWDm) (R2=0.76). The 6MWT represents a moderate-to-high intensity activity in middle-aged and older adults and proved to be useful for predicting cardiorespiratory fitness in the present study. Our results suggest that the 6MWT may also be useful in asymptomatic individuals, and its use in walk-based conditioning programs should be encouraged.
Component design and implementation of a 60 kW full SiC traction inverter with boost converter

In electric vehicular (EV) traction drives, Silicon Carbide (SiC) devices promise large savings in volume and weight of the converter system, especially when an inverter is combined with a boost DC/DC converter. Such a system has been designed, implemented and tested as a laboratory prototype. Detailed information on the component design is given and the prototypes characteristics are compared with a conventional Silicon IGBT based industrial system.
Weaknesses in New Ultralightweight RFID Authentication Protocol with Permutation - RAPP

—Tian et al. proposed a novel ultralightweight RFID mutual authentication protocol [4] that has recently been analyzed in [1], [2], [5]. In this letter, we ﬁrst propose a desynchronization attack that succeeds with probability almost 1, which improves upon the 0.25 given by the attack in [1]. We also show that the bad properties of the proposed permutation function can be exploited to disclose several bits of the tag’s secret (rather than just one bit as in [2]), which increases the power of a traceability attack. Finally, we show how to extend the above attack to run a full disclosure attack, which requires to eavesdrop less protocol runs than the attack described in [5] (i
The protection motivation theory within the stages of the transtheoretical model - stage-specific interplay of variables and prediction of exercise stage transitions.

OBJECTIVE Two different theories of health behaviour have been chosen with the aim of theory integration: a continuous theory (protection motivation theory, PMT) and a stage model (transtheoretical model, TTM). This is the first study to test whether the stages of the TTM moderate the interrelation of PMT-variables and the mediation of motivation, as well as PMT-variables' interactions in predicting stage transitions. DESIGN Hypotheses were tested regarding (1) mean patterns, stage pair-comparisons and nonlinear trends using ANOVAs; (2) prediction-patterns for the different stage groups employing multi-group structural equation modelling (MSEM) and nested model analyses; and (3) stage transitions using binary logistic regression analyses. METHOD Adults (N=1,602) were assessed over a 6 month period on their physical activity stages, PMT-variables and subsequent behaviour. RESULTS (1) Particular mean differences and nonlinear trends in all test variables were found. (2) The PMT adequately fitted the five stage groups. The MSEM revealed that covariances within threat appraisal and coping appraisal were invariant and all other constrains were stage-specific, i.e. stage was a moderator. Except for self-efficacy, motivation fully mediated the relationship between the social-cognitive variables and behaviour. (3) Predicting stage transitions with the PMT-variables underscored the importance of self-efficacy. Only when threat appraisal and coping appraisal were high, stage movement was more likely in the preparation stage. CONCLUSIONS Results emphasize stage-specific differences of the PMT mechanisms, and hence, support the stage construct. The findings may guide further theory building and research integrating different theoretical approaches.
Does the ‘Scottish effect’ apply to all ethnic groups? All-cancer, lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancer in the Scottish Health and Ethnicity Linkage Cohort Study

Background and objectives Although ethnic group variations in cancer exist, no multiethnic, population-based, longitudinal studies are available in Europe. Our objectives were to examine ethnic variation in all-cancer, and lung, colorectal, breast and prostate cancers. Design, setting, population, measures and analysis This retrospective cohort study of 4.65 million people linked the 2001 Scottish Census (providing ethnic group) to cancer databases. With the White Scottish population as reference (value 100), directly age standardised rates and ratios (DASR and DASRR), and risk ratios, by sex and ethnic group with 95% CI were calculated for first cancers. In the results below, 95% CI around the DASRR excludes 100. Eight indicators of socio-economic position were assessed as potential confounders across all groups. Results For all cancers the White Scottish population (100) had the highest DASRRs, Indians the lowest (men 45.9 and women 41.2) and White British (men 87.6 and women 87.3) and other groups were intermediate (eg, Chinese men 57.6). For lung cancer the DASRRs for Pakistani men (45.0), and women (53.5), were low and for any mixed background men high (174.5). For colorectal cancer the DASRRs were lowest in Pakistanis (men 32.9 and women 68.9), White British (men 82.4 and women 83.7), other White (men 77.2 and women 74.9) and Chinese men (42.6). Breast cancer in women was low in Pakistanis (62.2), Chinese (63.0) and White Irish (84.0). Prostate cancer was lowest in Pakistanis (38.7), Indian (62.6) and White Irish (85.4). No socio-economic indicator was a valid confounding variable across ethnic groups. Conclusions The ‘Scottish effect’ does not apply across ethnic groups for cancer. The findings have implications for clinical care, prevention and screening, for example, responding appropriately to the known low uptake among South Asian populations of bowel screening might benefit from modelling of cost-effectiveness of screening, given comparatively low cancer rates.
Self-understanding in childhood and adolescence

Preface 1. Introduction 2. Previous developmental theory and research 3. A developmental model of self-understanding 4. The self-understanding interview and scoring procedures 5. Understanding the self-as-object 6. Understanding the self-as-subject 7. Self-understanding and adolescent mental health with Mira Zamansky Levitt 8. Self-understanding in a Puerto Rican fishing village with Nadia Lucca 9. Self-understanding and social cognition References Indexes.
Lymphocyte, monocyte, and natural killer cell reference ranges in postpartal women

Normative values for immune-cell subsets in postpartal women, who are recovering from the relative immunosuppression of pregnancy, have not been established. Considerable differences in normative values for subsets of immune cells have been demonstrated based on sociodemographic factors, such as age and race. In order to make accurate clinical decisions about postpartal women, comparisons with normal reference ranges are necessary. Therefore, flow cytometric data for 51 healthy women at 4 months postpartum are presented and changes over the first 4 postpartal months are documented. The levels of some lymphocyte cell subsets, such as CD4+/CD45RA+ and Ia on lymphocytes, remained stable over time. The levels of other lymphocyte cell subsets, such as CD4+/CD29+, increased over the first 4 postpartal months, while those of other cell subsets, such as CD8 and CD11b, increased between delivery and 2 months postpartum and then dropped again by the fourth postpartal month. The levels of two natural killer cell subsets (CD3-/CD16+ and CD3-/CD57+) rose from delivery until 1 month postpartum and then plateaued. Comparisons were made with reference ranges of nonpostpartal groups provided in the literature and in a study of healthy women being conducted in the same laboratory, and postpartal women were found to have lower values of CD8, CD3-/CD16+, CD4+/CD45RA+, CD20, and CD11b than those reported in the literature.
A-RAF Kinase Functions in ARF6 Regulated Endocytic Membrane Traffic

Background RAF kinases direct ERK MAPK signaling to distinct subcellular compartments in response to growth factor stimulation. Methodology/Principal Findings Of the three mammalian isoforms A-RAF is special in that one of its two lipid binding domains mediates a unique pattern of membrane localization. Specific membrane binding is retained by an N-terminal fragment (AR149) that corresponds to a naturally occurring splice variant termed DA-RAF2. AR149 colocalizes with ARF6 on tubular endosomes and has a dominant negative effect on endocytic trafficking. Moreover actin polymerization of yeast and mammalian cells is abolished. AR149/DA-RAF2 does not affect the internalization step of endocytosis, but trafficking to the recycling compartment. Conclusions/Significance A-RAF induced ERK activation is required for this step by activating ARF6, as A-RAF depletion or inhibition of the A-RAF controlled MEK-ERK cascade blocks recycling. These data led to a new model for A-RAF function in endocytic trafficking.
Medida de la cohesión en equipos deportivos. Adaptación al español del Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ)

A measure of team cohesion in sport. Spanish adaptation of Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ). The aim of this work was to adapt the Group Environment Questionnaire (GEQ) to Spanish. Judgmental procedures were used to assess the linguistic and cultural equivalence of the versions. Psychometric procedures were used in the operational phase of the study. The normative sample comprised 924 sportsmen/sportswomen from 75 teams. The GEQ scale showed suitable indexes of internal consistency and a bidimensional structure based on two factors of the cohesion model, the Task component and the Social component. In addition, a positive relation between team-performance and the Task component of team cohesion was observed. Overall, the results supported the Spanish version of the GEQ.
Habitação em municípios paulistas: construir políticas ou “rodar” programas?

O artigo analisa os atores, arenas e processos efetivamente envolvidos em investimentos habitacionais nos municipios do estado de Sao Paulo, buscando compreender se esses investimentos convergiam ou nao com os processos participativos instaurados na ultima decada. Embora a hipotese inicial de que nao haveria tal convergencia tenha sido confirmada, constatou-se que isso nao se devia a disponibilidade reduzida de recursos proprios municipais ou a sua baixa capacidade institucional como se imaginava ate entao. A falta de iniciativa em se estabelecer acoes autonomas, aderentes as necessidades locais e pactuadas nos âmbitos de participacao instituidos, e a plena adesao municipal ao modelo do Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida resultam, na realidade, de uma postura pragmatica dos governos municipais que, com um minimo de esforco institucional, asseguram ganhos importantes aos principais players da politica.
Identification and characterization of the constituent human serum antibodies elicited by vaccination

Significance Most vaccines confer immunity by eliciting long-term production of antibodies that bind to and neutralize the vaccine antigen. Remarkably, very little is known regarding the identities, sequence diversity, relative concentrations, or binding functionalities of the mAbs that comprise the serum repertoire elicited by vaccination. Here, we have delineated the constituent antibodies of the human serum IgG repertoire after vaccination and examined their relationship to the antibody V gene repertoire encoded by circulating B cells. The results detail the molecular composition and characteristics of the vaccine-specific serum antibody repertoire and demonstrate differences between the end-point response (the serum antibodies) and the peripheral B cells responding to the vaccine. Most vaccines confer protection via the elicitation of serum antibodies, yet more than 100 y after the discovery of antibodies, the molecular composition of the human serum antibody repertoire to an antigen remains unknown. Using high-resolution liquid chromatography tandem MS proteomic analyses of serum antibodies coupled with next-generation sequencing of the V gene repertoire in peripheral B cells, we have delineated the human serum IgG and B-cell receptor repertoires following tetanus toxoid (TT) booster vaccination. We show that the TT+ serum IgG repertoire comprises ∼100 antibody clonotypes, with three clonotypes accounting for >40% of the response. All 13 recombinant IgGs examined bound to vaccine antigen with Kd ∼ 10−8–10−10 M. Five of 13 IgGs recognized the same linear epitope on TT, occluding the binding site used by the toxin for cell entry, suggesting a possible explanation for the mechanism of protection conferred by the vaccine. Importantly, only a small fraction (<5%) of peripheral blood plasmablast clonotypes (CD3−CD14−CD19+CD27++CD38++CD20−TT+) at the peak of the response (day 7), and an even smaller fraction of memory B cells, were found to encode antibodies that could be detected in the serological memory response 9 mo postvaccination. This suggests that only a small fraction of responding peripheral B cells give rise to the bone marrow long-lived plasma cells responsible for the production of biologically relevant amounts of vaccine-specific antibodies (near or above the Kd). Collectively, our results reveal the nature and dynamics of the serological response to vaccination with direct implications for vaccine design and evaluation.
Abordagem lúdico-didática melhora os parâmetros de educação nutricional em alunos do ensino fundamental

RESUMO O PRESENTE ESTUDO TEVE COMO OBJETIVO AVALIAR CONCEITOS BASICOS DE ALIMENTOS E ALIMENTACAO SAUDAVEL COM ESCOLARES DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL. OS MATERIAIS DAS AULAS FORAM DESENVOLVIDOS POR NUTRICIONISTAS E OS PROFESSORES DAS TURMAS FORAM TREINADOS PARA MINISTRAR O MATERIAL COM ABORDAGEM LUDICO-DIDATICA. PARTICIPARAM DO ESTUDO DUAS ESCOLAS MUNICIPAIS DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL DE NITEROI - RJ, SENDO UMA ESCOLA CONTROLE (N=56) E A OUTRA INTERVENCAO (N=170), EM TURMAS COM IDADES ENTRE 6 A 10 ANOS. O CONHECIMENTO SOBRE ALIMENTOS E ALIMENTACAO SAUDAVEL DOS ALUNOS DAS ESCOLAS CONTROLE E INTERVENCAO FOI AVALIADO ATRAVES DE DUAS APLICACOES DE JOGOS PEDAGOGICOS, COM UM INTERVALO DE TRES MESES. SOMENTE NA ESCOLA INTERVENCAO FOI REALIZADA A ABORDAGEM LUDICO-DIDATICA NO INTERVALO DAS APLICACOES DOS JOGOS. A ANALISE ESTATISTICA DOS RESULTADOS FOI FEITA ATRAVES DO TESTE DE WILCOXON, MANN-WHITNEY E COEFICIENTE DE CORRELACAO DE SPEARMAN, COM NIVEL DE SIGNIFICÂNCIA DE 0,05, COM O PROGRAMA SPSS 1.3. OS RESULTADOS OBTIDOS FORAM SIGNIFICATIVAMENTE MAIORES NA ESCOLA INTERVENCAO QUANDO COMPARADOS AOS DA ESCOLA CONTROLE. CONCLUIU-SE QUE A ABORDAGEM EDUCACIONAL APLICADA TEVE UM EFEITO POSITIVO NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE CONHECIMENTOS SOBRE ALIMENTOS E ALIMENTACAO SAUDAVEL DOS ESCOLARES. SENDO ASSIM, A TECNICA PEDAGOGICA UTILIZADA NESTE ESTUDO PODE SER UTILIZADA POR EDUCADORES DO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL PARA O DESENVOLVIMENTO DE ACOES EDUCATIVAS PARA A PROMOCAO DE HABITOS ALIMENTARES SAUDAVEIS. PALAVRAS-CHAVE : ESCOLA; EDUCACAO ALIMENTAR E NUTRICIONAL; COMPORTAMENTO ALIMENTAR. ABSTRACT THE PRESENT STUDY AIMED TO EVALUATE BASIC CONCEPTS OF FOOD AND HEALTHY EATING TO ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS STUDENTS. THE CLASSES’ MATERIALS WERE DEVELOPED BY NUTRITIONISTS AND SCHOOL TEACHERS WHOM WERE TRAINED TO MINISTER THE MATERIAL WITH RECREATIONAL AND EDUCATIONAL APPROACH. THE STUDY INCLUDED TWO PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOLS IN NITEROI - RJ, WHICH ONE OF THEM WAS THE CONTROL SCHOOL (N = 56) AND THE OTHER INTERVENTION (N = 170), IN GROUPS BETWEEN THE AGES OF 6 AND 10 YEARS OLD. CONTROL AND INTERVENTION STUDENTS’ KNOWLEDGE ABOUT FOOD AND HEALTHY EATING WERE EVALUATED BY APPLYING TWO EDUCATIONAL GAMES, WITH A THREE MONTH BREAK. ONLY THE INTERVENTION SCHOOL WAS HELD THE RECREATIONAL AND EDUCATIONAL APPROACH AMONG THE BREAK OF THE GAMES’ APPLICATION. THE STATISTICAL ANALYSIS WAS PERFORMED USING THE WILCOXON’S TEST, MANN-WHITNEY AND SPEARMAN CORRELATION COEFFICIENT, WITH SIGNIFICANCE LEVEL OF 0.05, USING SPSS PROGRAM 1.3. THE RESULTS OBTAINED WERE SIGNIFICANTLY HIGHER AT THE INTERVENTION SCHOOL COMPARED TO THE CONTROL SCHOOL. IT WAS CONCLUDED THAT THE EDUCATIONAL APPROACH APPLIED HAD A POSITIVE EFFECT ON THE KNOWLEDGE DEVELOPMENT ABOUT FOOD AND HEALTHY EATING AMONG STUDENTS. THUS, THE TEACHING TECHNIQUE USED IN THIS STUDY CAN BE USED BY ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS TO DEVELOP EDUCATIONAL ACTIVITIES PROMOTING HEALTHY EATING HABITS. KEYWORDS : SCHOOL; FOOD AND NUTRITIONAL EDUCATION; EATING BEHAVIOR.
Erratum: ASCA Observations of the Central Regions of M 31

Using ASCA, spatially integrated X-ray spectra of the central regions of M31 were studied. Data were accumulated over three different circular regions, with the radii of 3', 6' and 12', all centered on the nucleus. The spectra are relatively similar among the three regions. In the energy range above 1.5 keV, the spectra are reproduced by a combination of a disk black-body component and a black-body component, implying that the emission mainly comes from an assembly of low-mass X-ray binaries. In energies below 1.5 keV, the spectra involves two additional softer components, expressed with thin-thermal plasma emission models of temperatures ~ 0.9 keV and ~ 0.3 keV. Over the central 12' (2.4 kpc) region and in the 0.5-10 keV energy band, the binary component has a luminosity of 2.6 x 10^{39} erg/s, while the two softer components both exhibit luminosities of ~ 2 x 10^{38} erg/s. These results are compared with those from other missions, including Chandra and XMM-Newton in particular. Discussion is made on the nature of the two softer spectral components besides the binary one.