Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neural Modulation in Aversive Emotion Processing: An Independent Component Analysis Study

Emotional processing has an important role in social interaction. We report the findings about the Independent Component Analysis carried out on a fMRI set obtained with a paradigm of face emotional processing. The results showed that an independent component, mainly cerebellar-medial-frontal, had a positive modulation associated with fear processing. Also, another independent component, mainly parahippocampal-prefrontal, showed a negative modulation that could be associated with implicit reappraisal of emotional stimuli. Independent Component Analysis could serve as a method to understand complex cognitive processes and their underlying neural dynamics.
Avatar Information Extraction System

TheAVATAR Information Extraction System ( IES) at the IBM Almaden Research Center enables highprecision, rule-based, information extraction from text-documents. Draw ing from our experience we propose the use of probabilistic database techniques as the formal under pi nings of information extraction systems so as to maintain high precision while increasing recall. This involve s building a framework where rule-based annotators can be mapped to queries in a databas e system. We use examples from AVATAR IES to describe the challenges in achieving this goal. Finally, we show that derivin g precision estimates in such a database system presents a significant challe nge for probabilistic database systems.
Empowerment among Managers in Malaysian Banking: The Role of Leadership Behaviour and Motivation

This study investigates empowerment within the under-researched context of banks (Ratmawati, 2007; Spreitzer, 1995) in Malaysia. Specifically, it examines empowerment and its relation to the constructs of leadership behaviour and intrinsic motivation from the narrow perspective of banking organisations of different ownership status (private and government-owned), where a study addressing these issues is lacking (Ergeneli, Ari & Metin, 2007; Holden, 1999; Kappelman, Prybutok & Dran 1996). Additionally, it explores the understanding of empowerment among senior managers and the process of empowerment in banking organisations. A concurrent, embedded, mixed methods strategy is employed, whereby secondary qualitative data from semi-structured interviews are embedded within the primary quantitative data gathered by means of a questionnaire (Creswell, 2009). Quantitative data from 421 and 425 questionnaires administered in a private and a government-owned bank respectively were subjected to a number of statistical techniques and analysed. Qualitative data were collected from six senior managers from each bank and subjected to thematic analysis (King, 2004). There are several important findings. First, there was an overall difference in empowerment across the two banks, with higher levels being evident in the private one. Notwithstanding this difference, favourable feelings of empowerment were in evidence in both banks. The core finding is of a mediation role for leadership behaviour in the relationship between empowerment and intrinsic motivation for the two leadership behaviours, i.e. transformational and empowering leadership. Findings from the qualitative data suggest that participants? strong understanding of empowerment stemmed from the structural approach to empowerment, although attempts at the psychological approach were also acknowledged. Two main constraints on empowerment were highlighted: lack of acceptance by employees and inadequate systems of monitoring.The findings add considerably to knowledge at the theoretical, methodological and practical levels. Theoretically, the study fundamentally helps to explore the concept of empowerment, which was developed and evolved in the West, from the perspective of Malaysia, a nation culturally distinctive from Western ones, with a focus on the under-researched area of banking, considering different ownership types, in relation to leadership behaviour and intrinsic motivation. The methodological implication comes from the use of mixed methods as an overarching methodology. The study outlines the practical considerations (two constraints on empowerment) that the programme developer/owner of empowerment should take into account in developing or enhancing empowerment by embedding relevant strategy to tackle the two constraints within the empowerment process itself. Study limitations are highlighted and avenues for future research are explored.
Effect of Conditional Feedback on Learning

Formal studies of decision threshold learning assume full feedback conditions, that is, no matter what the decision is (positive or negative), the feedback will be provided. However, in the real world feedback may be conditional on the decision made. For example, in college admissions decisions, there is no feedback available for the students who are not admitted. In this paper, we investigate how conditional feedback can result in biased decisions. First, based on signal detection theory, a dynamic model of threshold learning is proposed. Then the model is adjusted to examine effects of conditional feedback on learning and decision making. Finally, the model is used to replicate some empirical findings. The results suggest conditional feedback can be a barrier to learning. Further, this study warns about problems with the current assumption of full feedback condition in most dynamic decision-making studies.
Differential Rotation in F Stars

Differential rotation can be detected in single line profiles of stars rotating more rapidly than about v sin i = 10km s-1 with the Fourier transform technique. This allows to search for differential rotation in large samples to look for correlations between differential rotation and other stellar parameters. I analyze the fraction of differentially rotating stars as a function of color, rotation, and activity in a large sample of F-type stars. Color and rotation exhibit a correlation with differential rotation in the sense that more stars are rotating differentially in the cooler, less rapidly rotating stars. Effects of rotation and color, however, cannot be disentangled in the underlying sample. No trend with activity is found. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)
Conditioning Manager Alphas on Economic Information: Another Look at the Persistence of Performance

This paper evaluates persistence in the performance of institutional equity managers. We build on recent work on conditional performance evaluation, using time-varying conditional expected returns and risk measures. We find evidence that the investment performance of pension fund managers persists over time. A conditional approach is able to better detect this persistence and to predict the future performance of the funds than are traditional methods. The performance persistence is especially concentrated in the managers with negative prior-period conditional alphas. "
Subgenual anterior cingulate responses to peer rejection: A marker of adolescents' risk for depression

Abstract Extensive developmental research has linked peer rejection during adolescence with a host of psychopathological outcomes, including depression. Moreover, recent neuroimaging research has suggested that increased activity in the subgenual region of the anterior cingulate cortex (subACC), which has been consistently linked with depression, is related to heightened sensitivity to peer rejection among adolescents. The goal of the current study was to directly test the hypothesis that adolescents' subACC responses are predictive of their risk for future depression, by examining the relationship between subACC activity during peer rejection and increases in depressive symptoms during the following year. During a functional magnetic resonance imaging scan, 20 13-year-olds were ostensibly excluded by peers during an online social interaction. Participants' depressive symptoms were assessed via parental reports at the time of the scan and 1 year later. Region of interest and whole-brain analyses indicated that greater subACC activity during exclusion was associated with increases in parent-reported depressive symptoms during the following year. These findings suggest that subACC responsivity to social exclusion may serve as a neural marker of adolescents' risk for future depression and have implications for understanding the relationship between sensitivity to peer rejection and the increased risk of depression that occurs during adolescence.
Anomaly Detection through NN Hybrid Learning with Data Transformation Analysis

Intrusion detection system is a vital part of computer security system commonly used for precaution and detection.It is built for classifier or descriptive or predictive model to proficient classification of normal behavior from abnormal behavior of IP packets. This paper presents the solution regarding proper data transformation methods handling and importance of data analysis of complete data set which is apply on hybrid neural network approaches for used to cluster and classify normal and abnormal behavior to improve the accuracy of network based anomaly detection classifier. Because neural network classes only require the numerical form of data but IP connections or packets of network have some symbolic features which are difficult to handle without the proper data transformation analysis. For this reason, it got non redundant new NSL KDD CUP data set. The experimental results show that indicator variable is more effective as compared to the both con- ditional probabilities and arbitrary assignment method from measurement of accuracy and balance error rate.
Exchange Rate Policy and Foreign Exchange Reserves Management in Indonesia in the Context of East Asian Monetary Regionalism

The first part of this paper examines the behaviour of rupiah over the last seven years (1996 - 2002) to ascertain whether in fact there is specific evidence of a return to de facto US dollar peg in Indonesia. To preview the main conclusion, we find evidence to suggest that this has been the case, hence justifying the need for accumulation of reserves by the Indonesian authorities. The next question that arises naturally from this is whether there is any way in which the liquidity yield from holding reserves may be generated without the need for Indonesia to continue to accumulate them. This is where a regional reserve pooling arrangement becomes relevant. But how might one judge the potential size of benefits of reserve pooling? This is the focus of the second part of the paper.
Homogeneous physio-behavioral visual and mouse-based biometric

In this research, we propose a novel biometric system for static user authentication that homogeneously combines mouse dynamics, visual search capability and short-term memory effect. The proposed system introduces the visual search capability, and short-term memory effect to the biometric-based security world for the first time. The use of a computer mouse for its dynamics, and as an input sensor for the other two biometrics, means no additional hardware is required than the standard mouse. Experimental evaluation showed the system effectiveness using variable or one-time passwords. All of these attributes qualify the proposed system to be effectively deployed as a static authentication mechanism. Extensive experimentation was done using 2740 sessions collected from 274 users. To measure the performance, a computational statistics model was specially designed and used; a statistical classifier based on Weighted-Sum produced an Equal Error Rate (EER) of 2.11%.
PENGARUH STRUKTUR KEPEMILIKAN SAHAM DAN CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY PADA NILAI PERUSAHAAN

Abstract : The Effect of Stock Ownership Structure and Corporate Responsibility in Corporate Values. The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of ownership structure on CSR, the effect of Ownership Structure on Firm Value, the effect of CSR on Firm Value, and indirect effect of Ownership Structure on Firm value through CSR. This research was conducted at manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2008-2010. The sample used by 47 samples. The statistical method that used was the path analysis method. The results showed that the Institutional Ownership and Public Ownership has a positive effect on CSR, and CSR has a proven positive effect on Firm Value. It can be concluded that there is no direct effect of the Ownership Structure on the Firm value, but through CSR, Institutional Ownership and Public Ownership has indirect effect on the Firm Value.
Function spaces vs. Scaling functions: Some issues in image classiﬁcation

We investigate the properties of several classes of new parameters issued from multifractal analysis and used in image analysis and classiﬁcation. They share the following common characteristics: They are derived from local quantities based on wavelet coefﬁcients; at each scale, l p averages of these local quantities are performed and exponents are deduced form a regression through the scales on a log-log plot. This yields scaling functions, which depend on the parameter p , and are used for model selection and classiﬁcation. We expose possible variants, and their pros and cons. We relate the values taken by these scaling functions with the determination of the regularity of the image in some classes of function spaces, and we show that looking for richer criteria naturally leads to the introduction of new classes of function spaces. We will show which type of additional information this information yields for the initial image.
The Efficiency of the Market for Single-Family Homes

Tests of weak-form efficiency of the market for single family homes are performed using data on repeat sales prices of 39,210 individual homes, each for two sales dates. Tests were done for Atlanta, Chicago, Dallas, and San Francisco/Oakland for 1970-86. While evidence for seasonality in real housing prices is weak, we do find some evidence of inertia in housing prices. A city-wide real log price index change in a given year tends to be followed by a city-wide real log price index change in the same direction (and between a quarter to a half as large in magnitude) in the subsequent year. However, the inertia cannot account for much of the variation in individual housing real price changes. There is so much noise in individual housing prices relative to city-wide price index changes that the R[squared] in forecasting regressions for annual real price change in individual homes is never more than . 04.
THE ROLE OF SOCIAL NETWORKING SERVICES TO SHAPE THE DOUBLE VIRTUAL CITIZENSHIP OF YOUNG IMMIGRANTS IN ITALY

In this paper, we will describe an ongoing research on the communication styles of immigrant adolescents in Italy. Following a comparison of native and immigrant high school students, based on their responses to questionnaires and interviews, we began a series of interviews and focus groups with immigrant students, which led us to propose and use what we call the immigrants' double virtual citizenship as a key to understand the use of social networks among young immigrants. The double tension of young immigrants, towards their homeland on one side, towards their new country on the other side, might be profitably exploited to build bridges among different cultures.
Hsp90 Inhibition Decreases Mitochondrial Protein Turnover

Background Cells treated with hsp90 inhibitors exhibit pleiotropic changes, including an expansion of the mitochondrial compartment, accompanied by mitochondrial fragmentation and condensed mitochondrial morphology, with ultimate compromise of mitochondrial integrity and apoptosis. Findings We identified several mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation complex subunits, including several encoded by mtDNA, that are upregulated by hsp90 inhibitors, without corresponding changes in mRNA abundance. Post-transcriptional accumulation of mitochondrial proteins observed with hsp90 inhibitors is also seen in cells treated with proteasome inhibitors. Detailed studies of the OSCP subunit of mitochondrial F1F0-ATPase revealed the presence of mono- and polyubiquitinated OSCP in mitochondrial fractions. We demonstrate that processed OSCP undergoes retrotranslocation to a trypsin-sensitive form associated with the outer mitochondrial membrane. Inhibition of proteasome or hsp90 function results in accumulation of both correctly targeted and retrotranslocated mitochondrial OSCP. Conclusions Cytosolic turnover of mitochondrial proteins demonstrates a novel connection between mitochondrial and cytosolic compartments through the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Analogous to defective protein folding in the endoplasmic reticulum, a mitochondrial unfolded protein response may play a role in the apoptotic effects of hsp90 and proteasome inhibitors.
Factors Affecting SMEs' Willingness to Share Knowledge Online: A Path Model

This paper presents the findings of a study of SME owner-managers that examined their willingness to share information online with other members of a local business network. The main variables associated with willingness to share knowledge online were found to be willingness to share information in conventional modes and the intensity with which they used the internet for business activities. A number of other variables were found to be indirectly or unrelated to willingness to share knowledge online. A significant locality effect was also identified which suggests that the social context of the network to which the business belonged influences willingness to share knowledge online. Our work supports previous research which concludes that online knowledge sharing initiatives should enhance relationships within the business network itself as well as the technical aspects of the networking platform and the technical competence of potential users.
A dependence-based representation for concurrent object-oriented software maintenance

Software maintenance is a costly process because each modification to a program must take into account many complex dependence relationships in the existing software. An understanding of program dependences is therefore an inevitable step to efficient software change. We propose a dependence based representation named the system dependence net (SDN), which extends previous dependence based representations to represent various program dependences in concurrent object oriented programs. An SDN of a concurrent object oriented program consists of a collection of dependence graphs each representing a main procedure, a free standing procedure, or a method in a class of the program. It also consists of some additional arcs to represent direct dependences between a call and the called procedure/method and transitive interprocedural data dependences. An SDN can be used to represent either object oriented features or concurrency issues in a concurrent object oriented program, and can be used as an underlying representation in a maintenance environment for concurrent object oriented programs.
Does Decentralization Facilitate Access to Poverty-Related Services? Evidence from Benin

We study the effect of decentralization on the access to some poverty-related public services in Benin. Compiling panel data from local governments' accounts and from surveys on 18,000 Beninese households performed in 2006 and 2007, our study suggests that decentralization has a positive overall effect on access to basic services. However, this effect appears to be nonmonotone following an inverted U-shaped curve. It varies according to local jurisdictions' wealth and to the nature of basic services. Decentralization in Benin contributes positively to the reduction of poverty by improving the average access to poverty-related services. However, the devil is in the details, as decentralization seems to increase inequality among local governments in terms of access. Another result relying on the success of decentralization in Benin is the prioritization of basic services, which differs among local governments according to their wealth. While the poorest jurisdictions neglect primary education, focusing more on access to drinking water, the richest ones get less attention to sewage services, since these are already provided at a sufficiently high level.
Business Case Analysis and the Confounds of Innovation Driven by Performance-Based Postproduction Support Strategies

The postproduction support cost of complex systems such as rail, power, and defense often exceed the cost of research, design and production. As such systems age and degrade the traditional maintenance, repair, and overhaul (MRO) approach does little to reduce their cost or improve performance. The failure of traditional MRO has given rise to a number of multi-year, performance-based, postproduction support strategies. These strategies drive investment to reduce cost, infuse innovation, and increase system performance. The dynamism and innovation associated with these strategies makes it difficult to conduct a business case analysis (BCA) that compares the return on sales model of traditional MRO to the return on investment model of performance based strategies. To address this gap in practice and theory we provide a framework for rationalizing performance-based and traditional strategies within the same BCA. We develop questions to guide the creation of BCAs that include performance-based options. Finally, we offer analytical guidance to support direct economic comparison between these two fundamentally different postproduction support strategies.
The law and econom(etr)ics of corruption

ideas to ground theories of economics (and later its interaction with 818 Ibid at 227. 819 For examples of the application of public choice models in non-zero sum games (ie there is a winner and a loser) see Mueller (1979) at 129-154. 820 Two scholars, Jonathan Klick and Franscesco Parisi, have attempted to use the Virginia School as a springboard for what they have labelled the ‘functional school of law and economics’. However, their writings have largely been limited to four extraordinarily similar papers (Parisi, 2004; Parisi and Klick, 2004; Klick and Parisi, 2005 and 2009), with insufficient interest from any other law and/or economics scholars to sustain the description of their perspective as a ‘school’. 821 Commons (1934).
Discriminative n-gram language modeling for Turkish

In this paper Discriminative Language Models (DLMs) are applied to the Turkish Broadcast News transcription task. Turkish presents a challenge to Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems due to its rich morphology. Therefore, in addition to word n-gram features, morphology based features like root n-grams and inflectional group n-grams are incorporated into DLMs in order to improve the language models. Various feature sets provide reductions in the word error rate (WER). Our best result is obtained with the inflectional group n-gram features. 1.0% absolute improvement is achieved over the baseline model and this improvement is statistically significant at p<0.001 as measured by the NIST MAPSSWE significance test.
Dynamic Analysis of an Endogenous Growth Model with Public Capital

This paper develops an endogenous growth model with productive public capital along with private capital in a spirit similar to that of R. J. Barro (1990). Since the authors' model includes two stock variables, it has transitional dynamics unlike most of the previous studies on endogenous growth, including Barro's, where concerns are restricted to the steady state analysis. First, they show that the transitional path is unique and stable. Second, the character of the transitional path is explored. Third, the authors show that the optimal tax rate is smaller than the rate that maximizes the national growth rate with a log-linear utility function. Copyright 1993 by The editors of the Scandinavian Journal of Economics.