Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Control of Tumorigenesis and Chemoresistance by the DEK Oncogene

Slight modifications of chromatin dynamics can translate into small- and large-scale changes in DNA replication and DNA repair. Similarly, promoter usage and accessibility are tightly dependent on chromatin architecture. Consequently, it is perhaps not surprising that factors controlling chromatin organization are frequently deregulated (directly or indirectly) in cancer cells. DEK is emerging as a novel class of DNA topology modulators that can be both targets and effectors of protumorigenic events. The locus containing DEK at chromosome 6p22.3 is amplified or reorganized in multiple cancer types. In addition, DEK can be subject to a variety of tumor-associated transcriptional and post-translational modifications. In turn, DEK can favor cell transformation, at least in part by inhibiting cell differentiation and premature senescence. More recently, DEK has also been linked to the resistance of malignant cells to apoptotic inducers. Interestingly, a fraction of DEK can also bind RNA and affect alternative splicing, further illustrating the pleiotropic roles that this protein may exert in cancer cells. Here we will summarize the current literature about the regulation and function(s) of DEK as a proto-oncogene. In addition, the translational relevance of DEK as a putative diagnostic marker and candidate for drug development will be discussed. Clin Cancer Res; 16(11); 2932–8. ©2010 AACR.
From Implicit to Explicit Corporate Social Responsibility: Institutional Change as a Fight for Myths

ABSTRACT The focus of this paper is institutional change and the changing role of business in Germany. Back in the 1980s, the German institutional framework was characterized by implicit mandatory and obligatory regulations that set a clear context for responsible corporate behavior. Today, this framework has eroded and given way to a situation in which corporations explicitly and voluntarily take responsibility for social issues. This shift from implicit to explicit corporate social responsibility is an indication of a major institutional change epitomized by the deconstruction of ‘old’ and the reconstruction of ‘new’ institutions. In the course of this change, corporations, state actors, and civil society organizations compete for their ideas and interests in what we call a fight for myths. The paper traces this fight for myths and the changing understanding of corporate responsibility in Germany.
The relationship of locus of control to decision making in nursing students.

This descriptive study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between locus of control and decision-making in nursing students. Locus of control was measured using Rotter's "Internal-External Locus of Control Scale. " Decision-making was measured through use of a tool entitled "Medication Administration Questionnaire" designed by the investigator. Both tools were administered to senior nursing students in a diploma and baccalaureate school of nursing. A statistically significant relationship was found between an internal locus of control and independent decision-making. The results suggest that locus of control may be an important factor in the degree of independence exercised in decision-making by nursing students. These results also suggest that individuals with an expectancy for external control may be significantly compromised in their ability to be professional and accountable in their nursing practice. Implications for nursing education and replication of the study are discussed.
The role of social defences and organisational structures in facilitating the abuse and maltreatment of older people

Purpose – This paper aims to develop understanding of the context in which the abuse and maltreatment of older people might proliferate within the health and social care system in the United Kingdom. Drawing on the notion of “social defences” this paper seeks to explore the dual role of consumerism and social defences in facilitating poor practice.Design/methodology/approach – Research and inquiry findings are used to establish the inter‐relationship between social defences, consumerism and poor organisational structures to create a culture in which the abuse and maltreatment of older people might flourish.Findings – The paper suggests the expansion of a consumerist approach to care, along with social defences and organisational structures, reinforces an attitude of indifference to older people across society, and provides the conditions in which the maltreatment of older people by professional carers can go unchallenged.Research limitations/implications – This is a conceptual paper from which future rese.
The Parish Boundary: A Social Phenomenon in Hanoverian England

This paper examines aspects of the social meaning of the parish boundary in Hanoverian England. The parish touched most people's lives through its role as a form of local government and as a significant landscape feature which defined a circuit of territory to which local people may have felt an allegiance. Evidence for the social meaning of boundaries is found in acts of boundary marking and related perambulation ceremonies and through written records, sometimes involving maps. The paper draws on a contrasting range of cases from a variety of counties with different landscape and settlement types in the century or so before the local government and administrative reforms of the 1830s – a time of significant change in central-local government relations. The paper evaluates the significance of the parish as principal repository of detailed information on its own boundaries in our period, with a premium placed on local knowledge, especially of the older parishioners. It is also suggested that acts of boundary recording could enhance a sense of parish consciousness and community.
Alcohol and Neurodegeneration

Studies of alcohol-induced brain damage have clearly indicated that alcohol is neurotoxic. Alcoholics are at increased risk for brain damage from a variety of causes, including poor nutrition, liver disease, and head trauma. Further, alcoholic dementia is the second leading cause of adult dementia in the United States, accounting for approximately 10% of the cases (Alzheimer’s disease is the leading cause, accounting for 40 to 60% of cases). A variety of studies report that 50 to 75% of sober, detoxified, long-term alcohol-dependent individuals suffer from some degree of detectable cognitive impairment with approximately 10% suffering from serious dementia. Although more research is required to precisely delineate the effects of alcohol on various types of brain function, there appears to be a continuum of moderate deficits in the majority of long-term alcoholics, progressing to much more severe deficits of Wernicke’s disease and Wernicke’s encephalopathy with Korsakoff’s amnestic syndrome (12,79). A variety of lifestyle factors, including nutrition, are implicated in the more severe cases. However, all of these on the continuum appear to be related to alcohol consumption and to the amount of alcohol consumed. That is, the more severe cases are associated with more severe and chronic longterm alcoholism (12,79). Alcohol-induced changes in the structure of the adult brain have been studied in both humans and rodents. A variety of postmortem histological analyses, as well as supporting imaging analysis, suggest that chronic alcohol changes brain structure. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of human brain have repeatedly shown enlargement of the cerebral ventricles and sulci in most alcoholics. The enlargement of the ventricles and sulci essentially reflects a shrinking of the brain mass. This is consistent with studies on postmortem brain tissue, where alcoholics have a reduction in total brain weight. Particularly severe alcoholics have reductions in the global cerebral hemisphere and cerebellar brain weights that are significantly reduced compared
Integrins as mediators of epithelial cell‐matrix interactions in the human small intestinal mucosa

The intestinal epithelium is a highly dynamic tissue, which depends on a variety of factors for the regulation of its rapid renewal and expression of digestive functions. Over the last 10 years, it has become evident that among these factors are cell interactions with the extracellular matrix, more specifically with the underlying basement membrane, through a series of specific cell membrane receptors, many of which are integrins. Integrins regulate the assembly of adhesive junctions as well as the activation of various signaling pathways, leading to the modulation of gene expression. The analysis of the integrin repertoire along the crypt‐villus axis in the human small intestinal epithelium identifies a number of β1 and β4 integrins, showing differential patterns of expression relative to its two functional compartments. Among them are the integrins α3β1, α7Bβ1 and the functional form of α6β4 that appear to be related, in concert with the distribution of their ligands, to the process of intestinal cell differentiation, and the integrins α2β1, α1β1, α5β1, and the non‐functional form of α6β4 that seem to be coupled with the undifferentiated/proliferative status of crypt cells. These observations delineate the potential complexity of the organization of epithelial cell‐matrix interactions involved in the maintenance of the human intestinal crypt‐villus axis. Microsc. Res. Tech. 51:169–178, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Correlates of Saudi Male and Female Students Work Values and Organizations Desirability

II ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . IV LIST OF CONTENTS . VI LIST OF TABLES . VIII GLOSSARY . IX LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . XII CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 2 SAUDI ARABIA GENERAL DESCRIPTION . 2 1.1 1.2 SAUDI SOCIAL AND VALUE SYSTEMS . 2 1.3 ISLAM IN SAUDI SOCIETY . 3 1.4 WOMEN IN SAUDI SOCIETY . 4 1.5 RESEARCH ISSUE . 4 1.6 MOTIVATION . 5 1.7 CONTRIBUTION OF THE THESIS . 8 1.8 RESEARCH BENEFITS . 8 1.9 METHODOLOGY . 10 1.10 STRUCTURE OF THE THESIS . 11 CHAPTER 2: BACKGROUND AND LITERATURE REVIEW . 13 2.1 WORK VALUES . 13 2.1.1 Work Values Literature . 15 2.1.2 Work Values and Gender Differences . 19 2.2 ORGANIZATIONAL DESIRABILITY . 25 2.2.1 Organizations Desirability Literature . 25 2.2.2 Organizations Desirability and Gender Differences . 29 2.3 EXPLANATORY VARIABLES . 33 2.3.1 Demographic Variables . 33 2.3.2 Achievement Motivation . 33 2.3.2 Rokeach Values . 34 CHAPTER 3: HYPOTHESES AND RESEARCH QUESTIONS . 37 3.1 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES . 37 3.2. WORK VALUES HYPOTHESIS AND RESEARCH QUESTION . 39 3.3 ORGANIZATIONS DESIRABILITY HYPOTHESIS AND RESEARCH QUESTION . 46 3.4 JOB NEEDS RESEARCH QUESTION . 51 3.5 ROKEACH VALUES RESEARCH QUESTION . 54 3.6 SIX DIMENSIONS ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION RESEARCH QUESTION . 60 CHAPTER 4: METHODOLOGY . 62 4.1 SAMPLE SELECTION . 62 4.2 QUESTIONNAIRE . 63 vii 4.3 CONSTRUCT OF MEASURES . 63 4.4 PREPARING THE DATA FOR THE ANALYSIS . 65 4.5 DATA ANALYSIS . 66 4.6 TESTING FOR DIFFERENCES AND CORRELATION . 70 CHAPTER 5: RESULTS . 72 5.1 RESPONDENTS’ GENERAL PROFILES . 72 5.2 WORK VALUES T-TEST . 76 5.3 WORK VALUES AND JOB NEEDS T-TEST . 77 5.4 ORGANIZATIONS DESIRABILITY T-TEST . 79 5.5 CORRELATIONS OF WORK VALUES . 80 5.6 CORRELATIONS OF ORGANIZATIONS DESIRABILITY . 83 CHAPTER 6: DISCUSSION OF THE RESULTS . 89 6.1 WORK VALUES . 89 6.2 ORGANIZATIONS DESIRABILITY . 94 6.3 JOB NEEDS QUESTION . 97 6.4 ROKEACH VALUES QUESTION . 100 6.5 SIX DIMENSIONS ACHIEVEMENT MOTIVATION QUESTION . 107 CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSIONS . 112 7.1 SUMMARY OF THE RESEARCH . 112 7.2 IMPLICATIONS . 113 7.2.1 Implications for Government . 113 7.2.2 Implications for Employers . 114 7.3 LIMITATIONS . 116 7.4 FUTURE RESEARCH . 117 REFERENCES . 119 APPENDIX 1 . 134 APPENDIX 2 . 137 APPENDIX 3: ETHICS APPROVAL NOTICE . 146 APPENDIX 4: CONSENT FORM . 148 APPENDIX 5: ENGLISH QUESTIONNAIRE . 150 APPENDIX 6: ARABIC QUESTIONNAIRE . 162 APPENDIX 7: KEY FOR SCORING SIX DIMENSIONAL ACHIEVEMENT SCALES . 179 APPENDIX 8: COMPARISON OF SAUDI MALE AND FEMALE STUDENTS’ HYPOTHESES, AND RESEARCH QUESTIONS AS WELL AS THEIR M
Higher-Order Finite Element Methods and Pointwise Error Estimates for Elliptic Problems on Surfaces

We define higher-order analogues to the piecewise linear surface finite element method studied in [G. Dziuk, “Finite elements for the Beltrami operator on arbitrary surfaces,” in Partial Differential Equations and Calculus of Variations, Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1988, pp. 142-155] and prove error estimates in both pointwise and $L_2$-based norms. Using the Laplace-Beltrami problem on an implicitly defined surface $\Gamma$ as a model PDE, we define Lagrange finite element methods of arbitrary degree on polynomial approximations to $\Gamma$ which likewise are of arbitrary degree. Then we prove a priori error estimates in the $L_2$, $H^1$, and corresponding pointwise norms that demonstrate the interaction between the “PDE error” that arises from employing a finite-dimensional finite element space and the “geometric error” that results from approximating $\Gamma$. We also consider parametric finite element approximations that are defined on $\Gamma$ and thus induce no geometric error. Computational examples confirm the sharpness of our error estimates.
Wiskott Aldrich syndrome: an immunodeficiency syndrome not rare in Western Australia

Wiskott Aldrich syndrome, a combined cellular and humoral X‐linked immunodeficiency, is generally considered to be rare. The aim of this study was to ascertain the true prevalence in the paediatric population in Western Australia, describe the clinical features, and summarise the current literature on this unusual condition. All cases of Wiskott Aldrich syndrome presenting to Princess Margaret Hospital in Perth during the period from January 1960 to January 1990 were identified by a retrospective review of case records and by interviewing hospital immunology, haematology and general clinical staff. Nine cases of Wiskott Aldrich syndrome are described, demonstrating that the prevalence of Wiskott Aldrich syndrome in Western Australia is nine times that expected from previous reports. Death occurred in a number of patients before the correct diagnosis was recognised. The clinical features in this group are quite variable. Low isohaemagglutinins, elevated IgE, blunted DTH skin multitest, and very low CDS numbers are however consistent features. Wiskott Aldrich syndrome may be more prevalent than previously recognised, and should be considered in males with thrombocytopenia and infection.
A New Look at BDDs for Pseudo-Boolean Constraints

Pseudo-Boolean constraints are omnipresent in practical applications, and thus a significant effort has been devoted to the development of good SAT encoding techniques for them. Some of these encodings first construct a Binary Decision Diagram (BDD) for the constraint, and then encode the BDD into a propositional formula. These BDD-based approaches have some important advantages, such as not being dependent on the size of the coefficients, or being able to share the same BDD for representing many constraints. We first focus on the size of the resulting BDDs, which was considered to be an open problem in our research community. We report on previous work where it was proved that there are Pseudo-Boolean constraints for which no polynomial BDD exists. We also give an alternative and simpler proof assuming that NP is different from Co-NP. More interestingly, here we also show how to overcome the possible exponential blowup of BDDs by coefficient decomposition. This allows us to give the first polynomial generalized arc-consistent ROBDD-based encoding for Pseudo-Boolean constraints. Finally, we focus on practical issues: we show how to efficiently construct such ROBDDs, how to encode them into SAT with only 2 clauses per node, and present experimental results that confirm that our approach is competitive with other encodings and state-of-the-art Pseudo-Boolean solvers.
Dynamic stimuli: Accentuating aesthetic preference biases

Despite humans' preference for symmetry, artwork often portrays asymmetrical characteristics that influence the viewer's aesthetic preference for the image. When presented with asymmetrical images, aesthetic preference is often given to images whose content flows from left-to-right and whose mass is located on the right of the image. Cerebral lateralization has been suggested to account for the left-to-right directionality bias; however, the influence of cultural factors, such as scanning habits, on aesthetic preference biases is debated. The current research investigates aesthetic preference for mobile objects and landscapes, as previous research has found contrasting preference for the two image types. Additionally, the current experiment examines the effects of dynamic movement on directionality preference to test the assumption that static images are perceived as aesthetically equivalent to dynamic images. After viewing mirror-imaged pairs of pictures and videos, right-to-left readers failed to show a preference bias, whereas left-to-right readers preferred stimuli with left-to-right directionality regardless of the location of the mass. The directionality bias in both reading groups was accentuated by the videos, but the bias was significantly stronger in left-to-right readers. The findings suggest that scanning habits moderate the leftward bias resulting from hemispheric specialization and that dynamic stimuli further fluent visual processing.
Yet Another False Dawn? An Examination of the Liberal Democrats' Performance in the 2010 General Election

Following the first leaders’ debate, the Liberal Democrats poll rating surged and remained high throughout the election campaign. There was an expectation that the party would perform much better than in 2005 and bridge the ‘credibility gap’. The reality proved to be much different. Here we explore the factors that shaped the Liberal Democrat vote in the 2010 election. Using seemingly unrelated regression models, we identify continuity with the past: importance of local election success, first-time incumbency and Liberal Democrat incumbents building a personal vote. We also provide evidence that the Liberal Democrats failed to advance in those new types of area that proved so fruitful in 2005. Using the 2010 BES, we also show that party identification mattered and Clegg proved to be a valuable asset to the party. However, the credibility problem proved once again to be a significant barrier to the party achieving an electoral breakthrough.
Review of Error Resilient Coding Techniques for Real-Time Video Communications

In this paper we review error resilience techniques for real-time video transport over unreliable networks. Topics covered include an introduction to today's protocol and network environments and their characteristics, encoder error resilience tools, decoder error concealment techniques, as well as techniques that require cooperation between encoder, decoder and the network. We provide a review of general principles of these techniques as well as specific implementations adopted by the H.263 and MPEG-4 video coding standards. The majority of the paper is devoted to the techniques developed for block-based hybrid coders using motion-compensated prediction and transform coding. A separate section covers error resilience techniques for shape coding in MPEG-4.
Inside the Theatre of Business: Performance and Corporate Presentation Training

How are theatre-techniques used in business training? Do theatre-making skills represent a unique field of knowledge? In this case study, I consider the National Institute of Dramatic Art’s (NIDA) ‘Executive Presenter’ two- day course in Sydney, Australia, and attempt to counter a simplistic notion of theatre as magical practice. Performance techniques are complex, historically and culturally-contingent processes for making and sharing meaning (McAuley 2008). I describe exercises from the course in some detail ‒ including elements of space, voice, body, structure, awareness, spontaneity, and rehearsal ‒ and suggest that we can understand these presentation skills in a relationship of continuity with everyday meaning-making, rather than as a magical art form. On the one hand, NIDA trades off and reinforces the popular mystique surrounding acting. On the other hand, the course introduces simple and effective techniques of verbal and non-verbal communication. Ultimately, my investigation considers the claim made in marketing the course that ‘public speaking can come naturally to you. ’
Syntaxin 16 is enriched in neuronal dendrites and may have a role in neurite outgrowth

Polarized membrane traffic to different domains of the neuron is well documented, and is required for both establishment and maintenance of neuronal polarity. Some soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins, particularly syntaxin 12/13 and TI-VAMP/VAMP7, have known roles in the neuron. We report here that the brain-enriched SNARE syntaxin 16 (Syn 16) is specifically enriched in neuronal dendrites and found at Golgi outposts, thus confirming that Golgi outposts are endowed with a trans-Golgi network (TGN) component. Over-expression of wild type syntaxin 16 moderately stimulates, whereas that of an N-terminal deletion mutant (Syn 16-ΔNt) inhibits, neurite outgrowth in both mouse Neuro-2a cells and primary cortical neurons. Consistent with an inhibited neurite growth, cells over-expressing Syn 16-ΔNt have diminished βIII-tubulin and F-actin labeling. RNA interference-mediated silencing of syntaxin 16 in primary cortical neurons significantly retards neurite outgrowth. Syntaxin 16 may thus play a role in neurite outgrowth and perhaps other specific dendritic anterograde/retrograde traffic.
How children search with an image based interface

Most children use search interfaces that are designed for adults. This causes problems, since children’s development has not yet reached the adolescent level, and how children search information is still for the greater part unknown. This study investigates how children search with an image based interface. We did a study with children from two successive grades of a Dutch primary school (age 10-12) and gave them three tasks to complete while screen recordings were taken. We found a larger than expected diﬀerence in performance between the two grades. The quality and accuracy of the images in the interface is clearly important and of inﬂuence on the performance. Finally, we deﬁned ﬁve searcher types to investigate the types of searching behaviour the children displayed. In the comparison of the searcher types between the two grades we can again see a clear diﬀerence.
Personality Characterizations of Outpatients With Schizophrenia, Schizophrenia With Substance Abuse, and Primary Substance Abuse

The study extended previous research on the relationship between personality traits and Axis I disorders. It examined personality differences between individuals diagnosed with schizophrenia and substance abuse and also included individuals dually diagnosed with both schizophrenia and substance abuse. Comparisons were made with respect to characteristics of both normal personality, as measured by the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), and disordered personality, as measured by the Millon Multiaxial Personality Inventory. On the NEO-FFI, all groups differed significantly from the NEO-FFI normative sample on at least three personality domains. As predicted, the dual diagnosis group showed the most personality deviance and pathology. The schizophrenia group was primarily distinguished by higher levels of agreeableness, whereas the substance abuse group was more extroverted and showed a prominence of Cluster B personality patterns. An unexpected finding was an interaction between diagnostic group and age, such that older relative to younger individuals in the single diagnosis groups showed greater personality adaptivity and moderation, whereas older individuals in the dual diagnosis group showed less.