Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intelligent driver drowsiness detection system using Uncorrelated Fuzzy Locality Preserving Analysis

One of the leading causes of automobile accidents is related to driving impairment due to drowsiness. A large percentage of these accidents occur due to drivers' unawareness of the degree of impairment. An automatic detection of drowsiness levels could lead to lower accidents and hence lower fatalities. However, the significant fluctuations of the drowsiness state within a short time poses a major challenge in this problem. In response to such a challenge, we present the Uncorrelated Fuzzy Locality Preserving Analysis (UFLPA) feature projection method. The proposed UFLPA utilizes the changes in driver behavior, by means of the corresponding Electroencephalogram (EEG), Electrooculogram (EOG), and Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals to extract a set of features that can highly discriminate between the different drowsiness levels. Unlike existing methods, the proposed UFLPA takes into consideration the fuzzy nature of the input measurements while preserving the local discriminant and manifold structures of the data. Additionally, UFLPA also utilizes Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) to avoid the singularity problem and produce a set of uncorrelated features. Experiments were performed on datasets collected from thirty-one subjects participating in a simulation driving test with practical results indicating the significance of the results achieved by UFLPA of 94%–95% accuracy on average across all subjects.
Measuring gratitude at work

ABSTRACT The role of gratitude in the workplace is understudied, despite its potential for promoting well-being and achievement in organizational contexts. We developed and evaluated a measure of workplace-specific gratitude called the Gratitude at Work Scale (GAWS). In Study 1 (N = 207), we used exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses to identify a two-factor structure. The two subscales (Gratitude for Supportive Work Environment, Gratitude for Meaningful Work) had good estimated internal consistency and incrementally predicted burnout after controlling for trait gratitude and workplace satisfaction. In Study 2 (N = 269), we replicated the GAWS two-factor structure, found further evidence for construct validity, and uncovered strong two-week temporal stability. In Study 3 (N = 161), the GAWS was sensitive to manipulations of workplace attitudes following a writing task. The GAWS has initial psychometric support and may be useful when studying workplace functioning and well-being. (142 words)
On the use of Lyα emitters as probes of reionization

We use numerical simulations to study the effects of the patchiness of a partly reionized intergalactic medium (IGM) on the observability of Lyα emitters (LAEs) at high redshifts (z ≳ 6). We present a new model that divides the Lyα radiative transfer into a (circum)galactic and an extragalactic (IGM) part, and investigate how the choice of intrinsic line model affects the IGM transmission results. We use our model to study the impact of neutral hydrogen on statistical observables such as the Lyα rest-frame equivalent width (REW) distribution, the LAE luminosity function and the two-point correlation function. We find that if the observed changes in LAE luminosity functions and equivalent width distributions between z ∼ 6 and 7 are to be explained by an increased IGM neutral fraction alone, we require an extremely late and rapid reionization scenario, where the Universe was ∼40 per cent ionized at z = 7, ∼50 per cent ionized at z = 6.5 and ∼100 per cent ionized at z = 6. This is in conflict with other observations, suggesting that intrinsic LAE evolution at z ≳ 6 cannot be completely neglected. We show how the two-point correlation function can provide more robust constraints once future observations obtain larger LAE samples, and provide predictions for the sample sizes needed to tell different reionization scenarios apart.
Cell Cycle-Dependent Recruitment of Polycomb Proteins to the ASNS Promoter Counteracts C/ebp-Mediated Transcriptional Activation in Bombyx mori

Epigenetic modifiers and transcription factors contribute to developmentally programmed gene expression. Here, we establish a functional link between epigenetic regulation by Polycomb group (PcG) proteins and transcriptional regulation by C/ebp that orchestrates the correct expression of Bombyx mori asparagine synthetase (BmASNS), a gene involved in the biosynthesis of asparagine. We show that the cis-regulatory elements of YY1-binding motifs and the CpG island present on the BmASNS promoter are required for the recruitment of PcG proteins and the subsequent deposition of the epigenetic repression mark H3K27me3. RNAi-mediated knockdown of PcG genes leads to derepression of the BmASNS gene via the recruitment of activators, including BmC/ebp, to the promoter. Intriguingly, we find that PcG proteins and BmC/ebp can dynamically modulate the transcriptional output of the BmASNS target in a cell cycle-dependent manner. It will be essential to suppress BmASNS expression by PcG proteins at the G2/M phase of the cell cycle in the presence of BmC/ebp activator. Thus, our results provide a novel insight into the molecular mechanism underlying the recruitment and regulation of the PcG system at a discrete gene locus in Bombyx mori.
Flexible Sandwich Structural Strain Sensor Based on Silver Nanowires Decorated with Self‐Healing Substrate

Dr. D. Jiang, Y. Wang, Prof. B. Li, Prof. C. Sun, S. Qi College of Science Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040, P. R. China E-mail: libinzh62@163.com Prof. B. Li Post-Doctoral Mobile Research Station of Forestry Engineering Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040, P. R. China Dr. Z. Wu Key Laboratory of Engineering Dielectrics and Its Application Ministry of Education Harbin University of Science and Technology Harbin 150040, P. R. China E-mail: zijian.wu@hrbust.edu. cn Prof. H. Yan School of Mechatronics Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001, P. R. China Dr. L. Xing MIIT Key Laboratory of Critical Materials Technology for New Energy Conversion and Storage School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 150001, P. R. China Prof. Y. Li College of Materials Science and Engineering North University of China Taiyuan 030051, P. R. China
Test-Driven Development with Oracles and Formal Specifications

The current industry trend to using Test Driven Development (TDD) is a recognition of the high value of creating executable tests as part of the development process. In TDD, the test code is a formal documentation of the required behaviour of the component or system being developed, but this documentation is necessarily incomplete and often over-specific. An alternative approach to TDD is to develop the specification of the required behaviour in a formal notation as a part of the TDD process and to generate test oracles from that specification. In this thesis we present tools in support of this approach that allow formal specifications to be written in a readable manner that is tightly integrated with the code through an integrated development environment, and test oracles to be generated automatically. The generated test code integrates smoothly with test frameworks (e.g., JUnit) and so can be directly used in TDD. This approach has the advantage that the specifications can be complete and appropriately abstract but still support TDD.
The Promoter Structure Differentiation of a MYB Transcription Factor RLC1 Causes Red Leaf Coloration in Empire Red Leaf Cotton under Light

The red leaf coloration of Empire Red Leaf Cotton (ERLC) (Gossypium hirsutum L.), resulted from anthocyanin accumulation in light, is a well known dominant agricultural trait. However, the underpin molecular mechanism remains elusive. To explore this, we compared the molecular biological basis of anthocyanin accumulation in both ERLC and the green leaf cotton variety CCRI 24 (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Introduction of R2R3-MYB transcription factor Rosea1, the master regulator anthocyanin biosynthesis in Antirrhinum majus, into CCRI 24 induced anthocyanin accumulation, indicating structural genes for anthocyanin biosynthesis are not defected and the leaf coloration might be caused by variation of regulatory genes expression. Expression analysis found that a transcription factor RLC1 (Red Leaf Cotton 1) which encodes the ortholog of PAP1/Rosea1 was highly expressed in leaves of ERLC but barely expressed in CCRI 24 in light. Ectopic expression of RLC1 from ERLC and CCRI 24 in hairy roots of Antirrhinum majus and CCRI 24 significantly enhanced anthocyanin accumulation. Comparison of RLC1 promoter sequences between ERLC and CCRI 24 revealed two 228-bp tandem repeats presented in ERLC with only one repeat in CCRI 24. Transient assays in cotton leave tissue evidenced that the tandem repeats in ERLC is responsible for light-induced RLC1 expression and therefore anthocyanin accumulation. Taken together, our results in this article strongly support an important step toward understanding the role of R2R3-MYB transcription factors in the regulatory menchanisms of anthocyanin accumulation in red leaf cotton under light.
Use of Triangular Elements for Nearly Exact BEM Solutions

A library of C functions yielding exact solutions of potential and flux influences due to uniform surface distribution of singularities on flat triangular and rectangular elements has been developed. This library, ISLES, has been used to develop the neBEM solver that is both precise and fast in solving a wide range of problems of scientific and technological interest. Here we present the exact expressions proposed for computing the influence of uniform singularity distributions on triangular elements and illustrate their accuracy. We also present a study concerning the time taken to evaluate these long and complicated expressions \textit{vis a vis} that spent in carrying out simple quadratures. Finally, we solve a classic benchmark problem in electrostatics, namely, estimation of the capacitance of a unit square plate raised to unit volt. For this problem, we present the estimated values of capacitance and compare them successfully with some of the most accurate results available in the literature. In addition, we present the variation of the charge density close to the corner of the plate for various degrees of discretization. The variations are found to be smooth and converging. This is in clear contrast to the criticism commonly leveled against usual BEM solvers.
A Semantics-Driven Approach to Lyrics Segmentation

The purpose of this paper is describing a semantics-driven approach to the automatic segmentation of song lyrics. The proposed algorithm takes into account the basic formatting commonly in use for lyrics on CD booklets and specialized Web sites, in order to extract basic semantic information, such as the organization in lines and sections. Then the algorithm applies simple rules to reconstruct lyrics structure, supporting tolerance margins as regards possible errors and encoding variants. The output is a sequence of sections labelled according to the similarity of their contents. The resulting segmenter is publicly available as a set of methods exposed via a Web application programming interface (API).
Polymorphisms in the toll-like receptor 2 subfamily and risk of asthma: a case-control analysis in a Chinese population.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Cell activation through toll-like receptors (TLRs) has robust bipolar effects on host immunity and the pathogenesis of asthma. The TLR2 subfamily is a pivotal member of the TLR family. We sought to determine whether mutations in TLR2 subfamily genes affect the risk of asthma. METHODS A total of 318 asthmatic patients and 352 nonasthmatic controls were recruited. Eight single-nucleotide polymorphisms in TLR2 subfamily genes were detected using GenomeLab SNPstream (Beckman Coulter, Fullerton, California, USA). RESULTS We found that patients with the TLR2/rs7656411 TT variant homozygote had a significantly reduced risk of asthma when compared with those with the GG wild-type homozygote (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.63; 95% confidence interval (CI], 0.41-0.98; P = .036). Furthermore, a positive association was observed between the T allele of rs2381289 in TLR6 and allergic rhinitis in asthma (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.10-2.91; P = .025), while the A allele of rs11466651 in TLRIO was negatively associated with allergic rhinitis (OR, 0.49; 95% CI, 0.26-0.95; P = .046). CONCLUSION Our results indicate that a genetic variant in the TLR2 subfamily may play a role in susceptibility to asthma.
Matrix metalloproteinase‐7 (matrilysin) controls neutrophil egress by generating chemokine gradients

Matrilysin [matrix metalloproteinase 7 (MMP7)] is induced by mucosal injury of many tissues. To assess function of this proteinase, we subjected wild‐type and Mmp7−/− mice to acute colon injury. When matrilysin expression was increasing, 73% of wild‐type mice died, whereas only 32% of Mmp7−/− mice succumbed. Although re‐epithelialization was delayed in Mmp7−/− mice, overall injury did not differ markedly between genotypes. We hypothesized that differences in acute inflammation caused increased mortality in wild‐type mice. Indeed, whereas overall neutrophil influx into tissue was similar in wild‐type and Mmp7−/− mice, their location and extent of migration differed between genotypes. Neutrophils were dispersed throughout the mucosa and within the lumen of wild‐type mice, but these leukocytes were largely confined to the submucosa in Mmp7−/− mice. The levels of neutrophil chemokines, keratinocyte‐derived chemokine and MIP‐2, increased in the colon tissue of both genotypes, but these factors were detected only in lumenal lavages of wild‐type mice. Our findings indicate that matrilysin mediates beneficial and deleterious effects in response to injury. On one hand, it promotes re‐epithelialization, but it also controls the transepithelial influx of neutrophils, which if excessive, can lead to tissue damage.
The Relationship Between Job Autonomy And Social Support With Turnover Intention

Boredom at workplace is a negative well-being displayed by both blue and white collar employees who had lost their passion and value towards jobs under non stimulating working environment. Yet, there are limited studies in this area. Scholars had constantly associated boredom with negative working performance such as job dissatisfaction, high absenteeism, poor health condition and low organizational commitment. However, the association with turnover intention remains debatable. In Malaysia, the turnover intention among academicians of private higher education institutions (PHEIs) is in critical stage ever since year 2013. Although the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) Malaysia recognize the potential of PHEIs in supporting Malaysia to be the Asia educational hub, this issue remain unsolved which may jeopardize the success. Therefore, this study put forward the antecedents and consequence of boredom at workplace under a single model which includes the investigation of job autonomy, social support, and turnover intention among academicians. A quantitative study was conducted by obtaining data from 279 academicians working for 20 (PHEIs) in Sarawak. The results showed that job autonomy was not significantly associated with turnover intention because job autonomy has no association with boredom at the first place. In contrast, social support was negatively associated with boredom which led to positive association with turnover intention. Moreover, the result confirmed the presence of boredom as mediator upon bootstrapping. It is suggested that PHEIs shall motivate academicians to actively participate in trainings, conferences, and seminars as the opportune time can be used to build good rapport among them.
Flavanoids induce expression of the suppressor of cytokine signalling 3 (SOCS3) gene and suppress IL-6-activated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation in vascular endothelial cells

The atherogenic cytokine IL-6 (interleukin-6) induces pro-inflammatory gene expression in VECs (vascular endothelial cells) by activating the JAK (Janus kinase)/STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) signalling pathway, which is normally down-regulated by the STAT3-dependent induction of the E3 ubiquitin ligase component SOCS3 (suppressor of cytokine signalling 3). Novel treatments based on the regulation of SOCS3 protein levels could therefore have value in the treatment of diseases with an inflammatory component, such as atherosclerosis. To this end we carried out a screen of 1031 existing medicinal compounds to identify inducers of SOCS3 gene expression and identified the flavanoids naringenin and flavone as effective inducers of SOCS3 protein, mRNA and promoter activity. This was in contrast with the action of traditional JAK/STAT3 inhibitors and the polyphenol resveratrol, which effectively suppress SOCS3 gene expression. Both naringenin and flavone also effectively suppressed IL-6-stimulated phosphorylation of STAT3 (Tyr705) which led to suppression of IL-6-induction of the atherogenic STAT3 target gene MCP1 (monocyte chemotactic protein-1), suggesting that their ability to induce SOCS3 gene expression is STAT3-independent. Supporting this idea was the observation that the general kinase inhibitor compound C inhibits flavone- and cAMP-dependent, but not JAK-dependent, SOCS3 induction in VECs. Indeed, the ability of flavanoids to induce SOCS3 expression requires activation of the ERK (extracellular-signal-regulated kinase)-dependent transcription factor SP3, and not STAT3. In the present paper we therefore describe novel molecular actions of flavanoids, which control SOCS3 gene induction and suppression of STAT3 signalling in VECs. These mechanisms could potentially be exploited to develop novel anti-atherogenic therapies.
Kurztitel: Coins Titel: Combining Contextual Information Sources for Disambiguation in Parsing and Choice in Generation

Bitte einen möglichst präzisen (Kurz-)Titel des Vorhabens wählen (jeweils auf Deutsch und Englisch. Bitte prüfen Sie, ob der ursprüngliche Titel noch zutrifft; ggf. sollte er aktualisiert werden. Ist die Stelle des Leiters/der Leiterin des Projektes befristet? nein ja, befristet bis zum eine weitere Beschäftigung ist vorgesehen bis zum
Humanizing Agents of Modern Capitalism? The Daily Work of Port Chaplains

While chaplains are required in the military, federal prisons, and the Veteran’s Administration, they are also present in a range of other settings across the United States. In ports, religiously motivated individuals and institutions have long histories of evangelizing and providing social services. We focus on chaplains in 15 of the largest American ports today to ask how they negotiate access to seafarers and how they work with them daily. Chaplains negotiate security protocols, the hierarchy of ships, and their own self-presentations to get on board vessels. In their daily work, they shift among economic, moral, religious, and advocacy roles. Chaplains access seafarers by providing economic support and then use that access to develop the relationships they see as central to their work. By being present in these relationships, connecting seafarers to broader communities, and serving as an invisible global safety net, port chaplains see themselves acting as humanizing agents of modern capitalism. The case of port chaplaincy suggests additional strategies chaplains use to gain access not yet present in the sociological literature, further illustrates how the work of chaplains is shaped by the institutions within which it takes place, and expands sociological approaches to religion “on the edge” by showing multiple ways religion appears at the water’s edge not yet theorized in that literature.
Exploring Teachers Practices of Classroom Assessment in Secondary Science Classes in Bangladesh

The study investigates teachers’ classroom assessment practices of secondary schools in Bangladesh. The study is mainly quantitative with some integration of qualitative approach. Secondary science teachers and their science classrooms were main data source of the study, which were selected randomly. Data sources were secondary science teachers and their science classrooms. The study used a lesson observation protocol to understand their classroom assessment practice, and pre-lesson and post-lesson observation interview protocols as main sources of data collection. Qualitative data from interview were used to triangulate the quantitative data from observation. A total of thirty teachers (twenty male and ten female) were chosen randomly from six secondary schools in Dhaka. The study explored that teachers’ current practice of classroom assessment was to only assess students learning achievement and they followed traditional methods to assess students. The dominated assessment activity was oral questioning and very few students take part in the assessment activities by answering the questions. The classroom questions are basically focused very specific responses and encouraged rote learning; even students’ didn’t get enough time for thinking and answering the questions. Therefore the study suggests changing current practices by using different assessment strategies like self and peer assessment and focus on assessment for learning to ensure effective teaching-learning and quality education. These findings can inform the classroom teachers as well as o relevant stakeholders in making necessary changes in the present classroom assessment practices in Bangladesh.
Evidence for Progressive Loss of Star-forming Gas in SDSS Galaxies

Using the star formation rates from the SDSS galaxy sample, extracted using the MOPED algorithm, and the empirical Kennicutt law relating star formation rate to gas density, we calculate the time evolution of the gas fraction as a function of the present stellar mass. We show how the gas-to-stars ratio varies with stellar mass, finding good agreement with previous results for smaller samples at the present epoch. For the first time we show clear evidence for progressive gas loss with cosmic epoch, especially in low-mass systems. We find that galaxies with small stellar masses have lost almost all of their cold baryons over time, whereas the most massive galaxies have lost little. Our results also show that the most massive galaxies have evolved faster and turned most of their gas into stars at an early time, thus strongly supporting a downsizing scenario for galaxy evolution.