Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long‐term follow‐up of anterior vaginal repair: A comparison among colporrhaphy, colporrhaphy with reinforcement by xenograft, and mesh

To assess the long‐term complications and outcomes in patients treated for pelvic organ prolapse (POP) with transvaginal anterior colporrhaphy (AC) alone, transvaginal naterior AC with reinforcement by using porcine Xenograft (AC‐P) (Pelvisoft® Biomesh), and transvaginal anterior repair with polypropylene mesh (AC‐M).
Stress, social support, and psychological and physical wellbeing in secondary school teachers

Abstract In order to evaluate the relationship between stress and social support, on the one hand, and indices of psychological and physical health, on the other, questionnaires were administered to 120 secondary school teachers. Full data were retrieved from 88 teachers, a response rate of 73%. Bivariate correlational analysis revealed associations between life stress and job stress and a variety of General Health Questionnaire measures of psychological wellbeing. Job stress was also correlated with self-reported short-term sickness absences from work. Social support measures were not. in the main, predictive of psychological health outcome measures. In contrast, neither stress nor social support measures were related to self-reported physical health problems or long-term sickness absences. It would appear that self-reported stress is largely associated with psychological wellbeing, and is not substantially related to indices of physical wellbeing. The former relationship does not appear to be substantia.
Characterization and vector identification of phytoplasmas associated with cucumber and squash phyllody in Iran.

Phytoplasmas associated with cucumber phyllody (CuP) and squash phyllody (SqP) in Yazd province of Iran were characterized by molecular analyses and biological studies. Orosius albicinctus leafhoppers testing positive for phytoplasma presence by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) successfully transmitted CuP and SqP phytoplasmas to healthy cucumber and squash plants. The phytoplasmas were also transmitted by O. albicinctus from cucumber and squash to periwinkle, alfalfa, cucumber, carrot, sesame, sunflower, pot marigold, eggplant, squash, tomato and parsley. Both phytoplasmas induced similar symptoms in the post-inoculated plants. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the 16S rDNA nested PCR products identified the CuP, SqP and O. albicinctus phytoplasmas as members of the 16SrII group. Sequence identity and phylogenetic analysis confirmed the placement of these phytoplasmas in the same clade of other phytoplasmas belonging to 16SrII group. Virtual RFLP analyses on 16S rDNA sequences allowed the affiliation of SqP phytoplasma to subgroup 16SrII-D, while the CuP phytoplasma was identified as representative of a new subgroup 16SrII-M. This is the first report on molecular characterization of the CuP and SqP phyllody phytoplasmas, including subgroup affiliation, identification of their leafhopper vector and determination of their plant host range in Iran.
I'm Asking for Your Support: The Effects of Personally Delivered Campaign Messages on Voting Decisions and Opinion Formation

In addition to mobilizing supporters to vote, partisan campaigns use get-out-the-vote tactics as a means to boost support for their candidate. Although observational studies have attempted to estimate the effects of grassroots campaigning on political attitudes, they are unable to establish causality convincingly. Because campaigns strategically target potential supporters, comparing the attitudes of those whom campaigns contact to those they do not may only reveal spurious and biased relationships. In this paper I use a randomized field experiment to isolate the influence of personally delivered campaign messages on candidate support and attitude formation. I find that both door-to-door canvassing and commercial phone bank calls can have strong effects on voting preferences, but these tactics appear to have only weak effects on the actual beliefs that subjects possess about candidates and the degree to which those beliefs are weighted in their candidate preference. Although previous field experiments show that phone calls are less cost-effective at boosting turnout than door-to-door canvassing, they may be equally effective at increasing candidate support.
Cooperation Prevails When Individuals Adjust Their Social Ties

Conventional evolutionary game theory predicts that natural selection favours the selfish and strong even though cooperative interactions thrive at all levels of organization in living systems. Recent investigations demonstrated that a limiting factor for the evolution of cooperative interactions is the way in which they are organized, cooperators becoming evolutionarily competitive whenever individuals are constrained to interact with few others along the edges of networks with low average connectivity. Despite this insight, the conundrum of cooperation remains since recent empirical data shows that real networks exhibit typically high average connectivity and associated single-to-broad–scale heterogeneity. Here, a computational model is constructed in which individuals are able to self-organize both their strategy and their social ties throughout evolution, based exclusively on their self-interest. We show that the entangled evolution of individual strategy and network structure constitutes a key mechanism for the sustainability of cooperation in social networks. For a given average connectivity of the population, there is a critical value for the ratio W between the time scales associated with the evolution of strategy and of structure above which cooperators wipe out defectors. Moreover, the emerging social networks exhibit an overall heterogeneity that accounts very well for the diversity of patterns recently found in acquired data on social networks. Finally, heterogeneity is found to become maximal when W reaches its critical value. These results show that simple topological dynamics reflecting the individual capacity for self-organization of social ties can produce realistic networks of high average connectivity with associated single-to-broad–scale heterogeneity. On the other hand, they show that cooperation cannot evolve as a result of “social viscosity” alone in heterogeneous networks with high average connectivity, requiring the additional mechanism of topological co-evolution to ensure the survival of cooperative behaviour.
The Salivary Microbiome in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) and Its Association with Disease-Related Parameters: A Pilot Study

Background: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common female endocrine condition of unclear etiology characterized by hyperandrogenism, oligo/amenorrhoea, and polycystic ovarian morphology. PCOS is often complicated by infertility, overweight/obesity, insulin resistance, and low-grade inflammation. The gut microbiome is known to contribute to several of these conditions. Recently, an association between stool and saliva microbiome community profiles was shown, making saliva a possible convenient, non-invasive sample type for detecting gut microbiome changes in systemic disease. In this study, we describe the saliva microbiome of PCOS patients and the association of microbiome features with PCOS-related parameters. Methods: 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was performed on saliva samples from 24 PCOS patients and 20 healthy controls. Data processing and microbiome analyses were conducted in mothur and QIIME. All study subjects were characterized regarding reproductive, metabolic, and inflammatory parameters. Results: PCOS patients showed a decrease in bacteria from the phylum Actinobacteria and a borderline significant shift in bacterial community composition in unweighted UniFrac analysis. No differences between patients and controls were found in alpha diversity, weighted UniFrac analysis, or on other taxonomic levels. We found no association of saliva alpha diversity, beta diversity, or taxonomic composition with serum testosterone, oligo/amenorrhoea, overweight, insulin resistance, inflammatory markers, age, or diet. Conclusions: In this pilot study, patients with PCOS showed a reduced salivary relative abundance of Actinobacteria. Reproductive and metabolic components of the syndrome were not associated with saliva microbiome parameters, indicating that the majority of between-subject variation in saliva microbiome profiles remains to be explained.
YOUNG ADULTS WITH ATTENTION DEFICIT HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER: SUBTYPE DIFFERENCES IN COMORBIDITY, EDUCATIONAL, AND CLINICAL HISTORY

The present study sought to examine subtype differences in comorbidity and in antisocial, educational, and treatment histories among young adults (ages 17–27) with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Comparisons were made between ADHD Combined Type (ADHD-C;N = 60) and Predominantly Inattentive Type (ADHD-I;N = 36) relative to each other and to a community control group of 64 adults. Both ADHD groups had significantly less education, were less likely to have graduated from college, and were more likely to have received special educational placement in high school. Both groups also presented with a greater likelihood of dysthymia, alcohol dependence/abuse, cannabis dependence/abuse, and learning disorders, as well as greater psychological distress on all scales of the SCL-90-R than the control group. Both ADHD groups were more likely to have received psychiatric medication and other mental health services than control adults. In comparison with ADHD-I, adults with ADHD-C differed in only a few respects. The C-type adults were more likely to have oppositional defiant disorder, to experience interpersonal hostility and paranoia, to have attempted suicide, and to have been arrested than the ADHD-I adults. These results are generally consistent with previous studies of ADHD in children, extend these findings to adults with ADHD, and suggest that the greater impulsivity associated with the ADHD-C subtype may predispose toward greater antisocial behavior and its consequences than does ADHD-I type in adults.
Exploring the Relationship Between Leisure and Health of Senior Adults with Orthopedic Disabilities Living in Rural Areas

Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to explore the association between leisure-related variables and the perceived physical and mental health of senior adults with orthopedic disabilities who lived in rural areas. Participants were 48 men and women with acquired disabilities who lived in rural areas of the Midwest. They averaged 61 years of age. All were interviewed using an instrument that included (a) two health-related questions, (b) The Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, (c) Mastery Scale, (d) The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, (e) The Leisure Satisfaction Scale-Short Form, (f) The Recreation Preference Scale, and (g) The Leisure Barriers Scale. Analysis of variance techniques revealed that there were no significant differences between men and women on measures of health, depression, mastery, self-esteem, or leisure satisfaction. Linear regression analyses indicated that positive health perceptions had significant correlations with the predictor variables of mastery, self-esteem, global leisure satisfaction, psychological satisfaction from leisure, and social satisfaction from leisure. The regression analyses revealed inverse but significant relationships between depression and the predictor variables of mastery, self-esteem, and global leisure satisfaction. Respondents indicated having watched television, read, talked on the phone, socialized/talked, and engaged in a hobby many times over the preceding year. The barriers that influenced their participation were ability, transportation, distance to an activity site, lack of programs, lack of facilities, and health status.
Is concreteness the invisible link between altered emotional processing, impaired awareness and mourning difficulties after traumatic brain injury?

Deficits in awareness are a common problem after traumatic brain injury (TBI), often compromising the process of emotional adjustment, including mourning. Unfortunately, there is little understanding of how the specific profile of cognitive impairment and emotional change often presented by individuals with TBI influences awareness and mourning. Concrete behavior has been often described as a feature of TBI, with a difficulty detaching from immediate experience (both internal and external) as its signature. From a self-psychology perspective, concrete behavior can be understood as a change in the cohesion and structure of the self, where temporal and representational domains are modified. This paper offers a novel approach to problems of awareness and mourning after TBI, by considering how temporal and representational changes in the phenomenology of the self alter individuals' emotional landscape. More specifically, it describes how concreteness modifies several aspects of emotional life that are central to awareness and mourning, such as emotional reactivity, emotional regulation, emotional understanding, and signal anxiety. The impact that concreteness has in awareness and mourning is also discussed in detail throughout the paper, as well as the technical challenges implied. Finally, some general guidelines to address changes in the phenomenology of the self in a therapeutic context are briefly described.
Finite-Time Consensus Problems for Networks of Dynamic Agents

In this note, we discuss finite-time state consensus problems for multi-agent systems and present one framework for constructing effective distributed protocols, which are continuous state feedbacks. By employing the theory of finite-time stability, we investigate both the bidirectional interaction case and the unidirectional interaction case, and prove that if the sum of time intervals, in which the interaction topology is connected, is sufficiently large, the proposed protocols will solve the finite-time consensus problems.
Prevalence of depression in an elderly population in Finland

The prevalence of depression by sex, age and certain sociodemographic variables was investigated in a sample of elderly Finns (60 years or over) living in the semi‐industrialized municipality of Ähtäri (n= 1529). The study was carried out in two phases. In the first phase, depressive symptoms were screened with the Zung Self‐rating Depression Scale (ZSDS). In the second phase, persons scoring ≥ 40 points in the ZSDS and a random sample of persons scoring < 40 ZSDS points were examined by a general practitioner. The prevalence of depression was determined on the basis of DSM‐III criteria. The estimated prevalence for men was 22.4%, and for women 29.7%. The estimated prevalence for different categories of depression was as follows: dysthymic disorder, men 17.2% and women 22.9%; major depression, men 2.6% and women 4.5%; atypical depression, men 2.2% and women 2.5%; and cyclothymic disorder, men 0.4% and women 0%. No cases of bipolar disorder were found. A high risk of depression was associated with female sex, widowhood and being in long‐term institutional care or receiving home nursing and/or home help. The occurrence of depression was not related to age, education or occupation.
Communication, group loyalty, and trust in the PD game

Both Deutsch and Loomis have studied the effects of communication on game play in the Prisoner's Dilemma (PD) game, theorizing that communication would increase trust and cooperative play. Both hypotheses were supported (Deutsch, 1958; Loomis, 1959). Scodel, Minas, Ratoosh, and Lipetz (1959) permitted communication on a "one shot" basis after 25 trials of the game. Brief communication had only a little influence once conflict was entrenched. In the present study communication is afforded before every trial by means of notes. Both the use and content of the notes are analyzed. A second aspect of this research is the study of the intergroup relationship between the two players. Previous attempts to relate the degree of emotional closeness between existing players to the amount of cooperative play yielded mixed results (Oskamp and Perlman, 1965, 1966 ). In our studies, communication and game behavior are compared when "ingroup" members play each other, and when they play "outgroup" members. Reward parameters have also been manipulated to intensify or minimize the group membership conditions. Finally, an effort has been made here to study the attitudes of the players toward each other before and after the game, to measure trust at all stages of the game, and to relate personality measures to attitudes, trust, communication, and game play.
Characterization of the fundamental properties of wireless CSMA multi-hop networks

A wireless multi-hop network consists of a group of decentralized and self-organized wireless devices that collaborate to complete their tasks in a distributed way. Data packets are forwarded collaboratively hop-by-hop from source nodes to their respective destination nodes with other nodes acting as intermediate relays. These networks can be used to collect and exchange data for a variety of applications in both civilian and military elds. Existing and future applications in wireless multi-hop networks will greatly bene t from better understanding of the fundamental properties of such networks. This thesis is concerned with wireless multi-hop networks operating with distributed Media Access Control (MAC) protocols Carrier Sense Multiple Access (CSMA) protocols. In recent decades, CSMA protocols have become prevailing with widespread adoption. In this thesis we explore two fundamental properties of wireless CSMA multi-hop networks, connectivity and capacity. We start o with investigating the connectivity of wireless CSMA multi-hop networks. A network is said to be connected if and only if there is at least one (multi-hop) path between any pair of nodes in the network. Despite that interference is a major performance-limiting factor, the research results reported in the literature is very limited on the connectivity properties of wireless multi-hop networks where the impact of interference is taken into account. Therefore in this thesis we investigate the critical transmission power for asymptotic connec-
Learning History in School: The Impact of Course Work and Instructional Practices on Achievement

Abstract The connection between high school courses and student knowledge on standardized tests has seldom been studied in social studies fields—and almost never on a national basis and with a wide range of statistical controls. We look at the relationship between course work in U.S. history and performance on the 1994 National Assessment of Educational Progress (utilizing the 1994 High School Transcript Study to measure course enrollments). We find that students who take more and higher-level course work, who reported greater emphasis on a broad array of historical topics, and who experienced more “active” instruction performed better on the NAEP test even after adjusting for numerous student and family characteristics. The findings provide support both for increasing the amount of history course work and for enlightened instructional practices.
Continuous Production of Lipase-Catalyzed Biodiesel in a Packed-Bed Reactor: Optimization and Enzyme Reuse Study

An optimal continuous production of biodiesel by methanolysis of soybean oil in a packed-bed reactor was developed using immobilized lipase (Novozym 435) as a catalyst in a tert-butanol solvent system. Response surface methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken design were employed to evaluate the effects of reaction temperature, flow rate, and substrate molar ratio on the molar conversion of biodiesel. The results showed that flow rate and temperature have significant effects on the percentage of molar conversion. On the basis of ridge max analysis, the optimum conditions were as follows: flow rate 0.1 mL/min, temperature 52.1°C, and substrate molar ratio 1 : 4. The predicted and experimental values of molar conversion were 83.31 ± 2.07% and 82.81 ± . 98%, respectively. Furthermore, the continuous process over 30 days showed no appreciable decrease in the molar conversion. The paper demonstrates the applicability of using immobilized lipase and a packed-bed reactor for continuous biodiesel synthesis.
Online Disclosure: An Empirical Examination of Undergraduate Facebook Profiles

This study advances our knowledge of students’ online self-disclosures by examining a random sample of students’ Facebook profiles at a large, public research University in the Northeast. A quantitative content analysis revealed that the vast majority of students had a Facebook account and very small proportions restricted access of their profile to University staff. Substantial proportions of students’ profiles contained contact information, course schedules, positive references to the University, and pictures of students’ consuming alcohol. Detailed implications for practice are discussed.
Outcomes of Primary Unilateral Cheiloplasty in Same-Day Surgical Settings

Background Financial, clinical, and psychological considerations have made same-day surgery an attractive option for a variety of procedures. This article aimed to analyse the postoperative results of same-day primary unilateral cleft nasolabial repair. Methods This study was performed from 2011 to 2014. Unilateral cleft lip patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were preoperatively classified as mild, moderate, and severe. All patients underwent same-day surgery and were discharged after satisfying the appropriate clinical criteria, receiving thorough counselling, and the establishment of a means of communication by phone. Postoperative outcomes were assessed and stratified according to preoperative severity and the type of repair. Results A total of 423 primary unilateral cleft lip patients were included. Fisher's anatomical subunit approximation technique was the most common procedure, followed by Noordhoff's technique. The postoperative outcome was good in 89.8% of cases, fair in 9.9% of cases, and poor in 0.2% of cases. The complication rate was 1.18% (n=5), and no instances of mortality were observed. The average hospital stay was 7.5 hours, leading to a cost reduction of 19% in comparison with patients who stayed overnight for observation. Conclusions Mild unilateral cleft lip was the most common deformity for which Fisher's anatomical subunit approximation technique was performed in most of the cases, with satisfactory postoperative outcomes. Refinements in the cleft rhinoplasty techniques over the course of the study improved the results regarding cleft nasal symmetry. Single-day primary unilateral cleft cheiloplasty was found to be a cost-effective procedure that did not pose an additional risk of complications.
Productive elements in group cohomology

Let $G$ be a finite group and $k$ be a field of characteristic $p>0$. A cohomology class $\zeta \in H^n(G,k)$ is called productive if it annihilates $\Ext^*_{kG}(L_{\zeta},L_{\zeta})$. We consider the chain complex $\bPz$ of projective $kG$-modules which has the homology of an $(n-1)$-sphere and whose $k$-invariant is $\zeta$ under a certain polarization. We show that $\zeta$ is productive if and only if there is a chain map $\Delta: \bPz \to \bPz \otimes \bPz$ such that $(\id \otimes \epsilon)\Delta\simeq \id$ and $(\epsilon \otimes \id)\Delta \simeq \id$. Using the Postnikov decomposition of $\bPz \otimes \bPz$, we prove that there is a unique obstruction for constructing a chain map $\Delta$ satisfying these properties. Studying this obstruction more closely, we obtain theorems of Carlson and Langer on productive elements.