Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Vonoprazan is superior to proton pump inhibitors in healing artificial ulcers of the stomach post‐endoscopic submucosal dissection: A propensity score‐matching analysis

Proton pump inhibitors (PPI) are effective at healing artificial ulcers after endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) for gastric neoplasms; however, the efficacy of vonoprazan is not completely understood. The aim of the present study was to determine the healing effect of vonoprazan on artificial ulcers post‐gastric ESD relative to PPI.
Ribosomal 5 S rRNA Maturation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae *

The maturation of the ribosomal 5 S RNA inSaccharomyces cerevisiae is examined based on the expression of mutant 5 S rRNA genes, in vivo, and a parallel analysis of RNA processing, in vitro. Both types of analysis indicate that 5 S rRNA processing is not dependent on the nucleotide sequence of either the external transcribed spacer or the mature 5 S rRNA. The results further indicate the RNA is processed by an exonuclease activity which is limited primarily or entirely by helix I, the secondary structure formed between the mature and interacting termini. The 5 S RNA binding protein (YL3) also appears not to influence directly the maturation process, but rather to play a role in protecting the rRNA from further degradation by “housekeeping” nucleases. Taken together, the results continue to support a “quality control” function which helps to ensure that during maturation only normal precursors are processed and assembled into active ribosomes.
Seroprevalence and Risk Factors of Varicella Zoster Infection in Iranian Adolescents: A Multilevel Analysis; The CASPIAN-III Study

The objective of this study was to evaluate the varicella zoster virus (VZV) immunity in Iranian adolescents. It was conducted as a primary study for vaccine implementation, and to investigate the association of climatic and socioeconomic factors with the epidemiology of this infection. In this cross- sectional study, anti VZV antibodies were measured in serum samples obtained in a national school-based health survey (CASPIAN- III). Association of demographic, socio-economic, and climate of the living region with the frequency of VZV was investigated by multivariate multilevel analysis. Overall, sera of 2753 individuals aged 10–18 were tested for VZV antibodies, from those 87.4% were positive. The prevalence was statistically different in four socio-geographic regions (P<0.001), varying between 85.24% in West region (mostly mountainous areas with cold climate) to 94.59% in Southeast region (subtropical climate). Among variables studied, only age and mean daily temperature of the living area were positively associated with the VZV seroprevalence. Our findings show that most Iranians develop immunity to VZV before the age of 10, but a substantial proportion of them are yet susceptible to the infection. Therefore, it seems that the best strategy to reduce the burden of the disease is to vaccinate high- risk adults, i.e. those without a history of varicella infection. The regional temperature might be the only determinant of VZV epidemiology in Iran.
Spike Synchronization in the Cortex-Basal Ganglia Networks of Parkinsonian Primates Reflects Global Dynamics of the Local Field Potentials

Cortical local field potentials (LFPs) reflect synaptic potentials and accordingly correlate with neuronal discharge. Because LFPs are coherent across substantial cortical areas, we hypothesized that cortical spike correlations could be predicted from them. Because LFPs recorded in the basal ganglia (BG) are also correlated with neuronal discharge and are clinically accessible in Parkinson's disease patients, we were interested in testing this hypothesis in the BG, as well. We recorded LFPs and unit discharge from multiple electrodes, which were placed in primary motor cortex or in the basal ganglia (striatum and pallidum) of two monkeys before and after rendering them parkinsonian with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine. We used the method of partial spectra to construct LFP predictors of the spike cross-correlation functions (CCFs). The predicted CCF is an estimate of the correlation between two neurons under the assumption that their association is explained solely by the association of each with the LFP recorded on a third electrode. In the normal condition, the predictors account for cortical rate covariations but not for the association among the tonically active neurons of the striatum. In the parkinsonian condition, with the appearance of 10 Hz oscillations throughout the cortex-basal ganglia networks, the LFP predictors account remarkably better for the CCFs in both the cortex and the basal ganglia. We propose that, in the parkinsonian condition, the cortex-basal ganglia networks are more tightly related to global modes of brain dynamics that are echoed in the LFP.
The Incidence of Strong-Lensing Clusters in the Red-Sequence Cluster Survey

The incidence of giant arcs due to strong-lensing clusters of galaxies is known to be discrepant with current theoretical expectations. This result derives from a comparison of several cluster samples with predictions in the framework of the currently favored ΛCDM cosmology, and one possible explanation for the discrepancy is that this cosmological model is not correct. In this paper we discuss the incidence of giant arcs in the Red-Sequence Cluster Survey (RCS), which again shows significant disagreement with theoretical predictions. We briefly describe a total of eight strong-lens systems, seven of which are discussed here for the first time. Based on the details of these systems, in particular on the ratio of single- to multiple-arc systems, we argue that it may be possible to explain this discrepancy in the currently favored cosmology by modifying the details of the lenses themselves. Specifically, the high incidence of multiple-arc systems and their overall high redshift suggests that a subpopulation of the global cluster population is responsible for much of the observed lensing. The lack of lensing clusters at z < 0.64 in the RCS indicates that a property associated with clusters at early times results in the boosted lensing cross sections; likely, a combination of ellipticity and elongation along the line of sight, substructure, and changes in the cluster-mass profiles is responsible. Cluster mass, which should evolve to globally higher values toward lower redshifts, is clearly not the most significant consideration for the formation of giant arcs.
An evaluation of the weighting procedures for an online access panel survey

Opinion research is frequently carried out through the Internet and a further increase can be expected. The article focuses on the online access panel, in which respondents are previously recruited through non-probability methods. Despite substantial time- and cost-reduction, online access panel research mainly has to cope with limited Internet coverage and self-selection in the recruitment phase of new panel members. The article investigates whether frequently applied weighting procedures, based on poststratification variables and propensity scores, make online access panel data more representative of the general population. To address this issue, the answers to identical questions are compared between an online self-administered survey of previously recruited online access panel respondents and a face-to-face survey of randomly sampled respondents of the general population. Both respondent groups were surveyed at a similar moment in time (2006-2007) in the same geographical region (Flanders, Belgium). The findings reveal many significant differences, regarding sociodemographic characteristics as well as attitudes towards work, politics and immigrants. The results can be explained by both the specific characteristics of the respondent groups and mode effects. Weighting adjustment had only a minor impact on the results and did not eliminate the differences.
European Union Regulations on Algorithmic Decision-Making and a "Right to Explanation"

We summarize the potential impact that the European Union’s new General Data Protection Regulation will have on the routine use of machine learning algorithms. Slated to take effect as law across the EU in 2018, it will restrict automated individual decision-making (that is, algorithms that make decisions based on user-level predictors) which “significantly affect” users. The law will also effectively create a “right to explanation,” whereby a user can ask for an explanation of an algorithmic decision that was made about them. We argue that while this law will pose large challenges for industry, it highlights opportunities for computer scientists to take the lead in designing algorithms and evaluation frameworks which avoid discrimination and enable explanation.
Invasive Group a Streptococcal Disease

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a bacterium often found in the throat and on the skin. The most common infections caused by GAS are sore throat (“strep throat”) and skin infections such as impetigo and cellulitis. Other diseases may occur following GAS infections such as acute rheumatic fever (a disease affecting the heart and joints) and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (a disease affecting the kidneys).
Phonological Movement in Ukrainian

Extant accounts of scrambling in Ukrainian generally don’t extend past object- and other NP-related processes (Fery et al. 2007, Mykhaylyk 2010). Analysis of Slavic scrambling as XP movement (Corver 1992, Boskovic 2005) runs into problems with split constituency, as does OT syntax (Gouskova 2001). Remnant movement (Sekerina 1997, Basic 2004) runs afoul of Slavic data and theory too (Pereltsvaig 2008, Kariaeva 2009). Analyses that mix syntax with prosody (Antonyuk-Yudina & Mykhaylyk 2013; Mykhaylyk 2012) are more promising but also fail. Ukrainian scrambles only prosodic entities, ignores core principles of syntax, and respects core principles of phonology. The driving force behind the scrambling is not our focus here. It is generally assumed to be pragmatic in nature, based on things like topic, focus, and givenness (e.g., Fery et al. 2007). Fanselow & Lenertova have recently argued against this, however, and claim for most scrambling that ‘accentuation rather than informational status determines which categories can be fronted’ (2012:169); their findings support Chomsky’s (2008) view that information structure does not result in movement. We leave this to future research and focus here on which part of the grammar the movement takes place in. We propose that Ukrainian scrambling is phonological movement of exactly the sort found in Ancient Greek and Latin (Agbayani & Golston 2010, 2016), and similar to the more limited type found in Japanese (Agbayani, Golston & Ishii 2015) and Irish (Bennett, Elfner, & McCloskey 2016).
CLOZE procedures and comprehension

"There are no new methods for-or testing compre hension. Those that are use don't seem to do the -. " "I've tried everything I know but pupils don't seem to be able-understand. " "Isn't there a better way teach and test comprehension? " Besides being a representative sample of statements and questions that can be heard in any school, this is a sample of a method for teaching and testing comprehension of reading materials which is not generally known to teachers. Termed the CLOZE procedure, it has been in existence for approximately sixteen years. Researchers have been experimenting with CLOZE exercises to determine how much of an effect the CLOZE procedure will have on reading comprehension and its validity in evaluating reading comprehension. A survey of CLOZE studies, compiled by Rankin (1962), shows that the majority of CLOZE studies have focused on its use as a test instrument. However, its potential as a teaching device should not be overlooked. The fact that pupils must use context clues and must pay closer attention to the remaining words in the passage in order to replace deleted words should result in better understanding of the materials that they read. The words that were deleted from the above blank spaces, of course, are teaching, in, job, my, to, to.
Understanding medical professionalism: a plea for an inclusive and integrated approach

The existence of two separate analytic approaches to understanding professionalism, one of which is based on sociology and the other on bioethics, has been recognised for over a decade. Until recently there has been little crossover between the two schools of thought, with adherents of each publishing in journals largely serving their own academic communities. Two articles in this issue, Challenges of educating for medical professionalism: who should step up to the line? 3 and Creating pedagogical spaces for developing doctor professional identity , illustrate this isolation and give us an opportunity to plead for a more integrated and inclusive approach to understanding and teaching professionalism.
DEFINING SELF IN A MULTICULTURAL CONTEXT: AN EXPLORATION OF SOME COGNITIVE IMPLICATIONS

The Canadian multicultural social context formed the backdrop of the present study which was aimed at investigating the dynamics of ethno-cultural self-definitions, race, and comparisons between self and "Canadian" the nation group. Classical and contemporary theoretical perspectives on self, culture, and social cognition provided the conceptual frame. It was proposed that individuals' comparison of self with the nation group is systematically related to their ethno-cultural self-definitions and their race. The research evolved through a series of preliminary explorations in which a total of 964 undergraduate students participated at various stages. The main study was designed with three levels of Self-definitions: "Canadian", "Ethnic-Canadian" and "Ethnic"; and two levels of race: "Caucasian" and "Visible", resulting in a 3 X 2 format. The self-nation group comparisons were assessed by the measures of Perceived Agreement (PA) and Perceived Uniqueness (PU). In addition, the subjective image of Canadian was also explored. Two hundred and fifty-six undergraduate students participated in the main study by completing a self-explanatory questionnaire. It was predicted that there would be a main effect of Self-definitions on PA and PU, and there would be an interaction effect of Self-definition and Race on PA and PU. The results indicated that there was no main effect of Self-definition on PA or on PU. Instead, there was a main effect of Race on PA and a main effect of Gender on PU. Visibles, compared to Caucasians, perceived a higher opinion similarity with the nation group. Women perceived lower uniqueness of their abilities than men. The predicted interaction of Race and Selfdefinition was only marginally supported. The subjective image of Canadian was generally positive, particularly for the Visible women and Visible Ethnics. The implications of the findings for Canadian multiculturalism are discussed within the broad frame of theoretical perspectives.
Restorative environments' influence on cognitive flexibility in developing adults

Natural environments have been shown to have many psychological benefits for the human psyche. Among these benefits are mental stress reduction, positive emotional impacts, and attention restoration. Cognitive Flexibility is the ability to alternate perspectives due to changing situational demands. This ability is helpful in stopping habitual thought processes and behaviors. The purpose of this study was to explore restorative environments‘ impact on one‘s ability to be cognitively flexible. Sixty-three undergraduates at the University of Utah completed a preand postassessment of the Attention Network Test and viewed a 13-minute film of either urban or natural type environments between assessment points. Factorial ANOVA was utilized to explore between-group differences. Results show individuals in the urban condition had significantly faster response times when assessing congruent trials (where flexibility is not needed) than those in the natural condition. Though there was no evidence that natural environments quickened flexible responses, there is some indication that urban environments may perpetuate habitual ones.
Content based image retrieval based on geo-location driven image tagging on the social web

In recently years, in the era of multimedia technologies need for information/data retrieval systems getting more attention. The data might be image, video, audio and/or text files. Digital libraries, surveillance application, web applications and many other applications that handle huge volume of data essentially have data retrieval components. These data always include large-scale of independent information with both textual and visual contents. The large numbers of images has posed increasing challenges to computer systems to store and manage data effectively and efficiently. In this paper, we proposed a method of Geo-location-based image retrieval (GLBIR). The proposed method identifies a geo location in an image using visual attention-based mechanism and represents them using its color layout descriptors and curve let descriptors. These features are extracted from geo location of query image from Flickr. The likeness between the query geo coordinates and image is ranked according to a similarity measure computed from the feature vectors. Our proposed model does not full semantic understanding of image content, uses visual metrics for example proximity, color contrast, size and nearness to image's boundaries to locate viewer's attention. We evaluate our approach on the image dataset from Flickr. We analyzed results analyzed and compared with state of art CBIR Systems and GLBIR Technique.
Effects of feedback frequency and timing on acquisition, retention, and transfer of speech skills in acquired apraxia of speech.

PURPOSE Two studies examined speech skill learning in persons with apraxia of speech (AOS). Motor-learning research shows that delaying or reducing the frequency of feedback promotes retention and transfer of skills. By contrast, immediate or frequent feedback promotes temporary performance enhancement but interferes with retention and transfer. These principles were tested in the context of a common treatment for AOS. METHOD Two studies (N = 4, N = 2) employed single-subject treatment designs to examine acquisition and retention of speech skills in adults with AOS under different feedback conditions. RESULTS Reduced-frequency or delayed feedback enhanced learning in 3 participants with AOS. Feedback manipulation was not an influential variable in 3 other cases in which stimulus-complexity effects may have masked treatment effects. CONCLUSIONS These findings demonstrate that individuals with AOS can benefit from structured intervention. They provide qualified support for reduction and delay of feedback, although interaction with other factors such as stimulus complexity or task difficulty needs further exploration. This study adds to the growing body of literature investigating the use of principles of motor learning in treating AOS and provides impetus for consideration of pre-treatment variables that affect outcome in treatment studies.
A simple method for assessing the strength of evidence for association at the level of the whole gene

Introduction It is expected that different markers may show different patterns of association with different pathogenic variants within a given gene. It would be helpful to combine the evidence implicating association at the level of the whole gene rather than just for individual markers or haplotypes. Doing this is complicated by the fact that different markers do not represent independent sources of information. Method We propose combining the p values from all single locus and/or multilocus analyses of different markers according to the formula of Fisher, X = ∑(−2ln(pi)), and then assessing the empirical significance of this statistic using permutation testing. We present an example application to 19 markers around the HTRA2 gene in a case-control study of Parkinson’s disease. Results Applying our approach shows that, although some individual tests produce low p values, overall association at the level of the gene is not supported. Discussion Approaches such as this should be more widely used in assimilating the overall evidence supporting involvement of a gene in a particular disease. Information can be combined from biallelic and multiallelic markers and from single markers along with multimarker analyses. Single genes can be tested or results from groups of genes involved in the same pathway could be combined in order to test biologically relevant hypotheses. The approach has been implemented in a computer program called COMBASSOC which is made available for downloading.
Beyond streams and graphs: dynamic tensor analysis

How do we find patterns in author-keyword associations, evolving over time? Or in Data Cubes, with product-branch-customer sales information? Matrix decompositions, like principal component analysis (PCA) and variants, are invaluable tools for mining, dimensionality reduction, feature selection, rule identification in numerous settings like streaming data, text, graphs, social networks and many more. However, they have only two orders, like author and keyword, in the above example.We propose to envision such higher order data as tensors,and tap the vast literature on the topic. However, these methods do not necessarily scale up, let alone operate on semi-infinite streams. Thus, we introduce the dynamic tensor analysis (DTA) method, and its variants. DTA provides a compact summary for high-order and high-dimensional data, and it also reveals the hidden correlations. Algorithmically, we designed DTA very carefully so that it is (a) scalable, (b) space efficient (it does not need to store the past) and (c) fully automatic with no need for user defined parameters. Moreover, we propose STA, a streaming tensor analysis method, which provides a fast, streaming approximation to DTA.We implemented all our methods, and applied them in two real settings, namely, anomaly detection and multi-way latent semantic indexing. We used two real, large datasets, one on network flow data (100GB over 1 month) and one from DBLP (200MB over 25 years). Our experiments show that our methods are fast, accurate and that they find interesting patterns and outliers on the real datasets.
Nanoparticles and the Lung : Friend or Foe ? Pulmonary instillation of MWCNT increases lung permeability , decreases gp 130 expression in the lungs , and initiates cardiovascular IL-6 transsignaling

Leslie C. Thompson,* Nathan A. Holland,* Ryan J. Snyder, Bin Luo, Daniel P. Becak, Jillian T. Odom, Benjamin S. Harrison, Jared M. Brown, Kymberly M. Gowdy, and Christopher J. Wingard Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina; Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina; NanoHealth Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina; and Wake Forest University Institute of Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
Constructions of ‘vulnerability’ in comparative perspective: Scottish protection policies and the trouble with ‘adults at risk’

This paper places Scottish adult support and protection (ASP) policy in the context of debates about the nature of ‘vulnerability’ and its usefulness as a defining concept in law and social policy. It examines the construction of ‘adults at risk’ in ASP policy, using a comparison with the construction of children in Scottish child protection policy, on the one hand, and women in Scottish domestic abuse policy, on the other, to illuminate the nature of the vulnerability that ASP considers itself to be addressing. It then problematises this construction, drawing both on the social model of disability and on an ethic of care. It concludes that current ASP policy remains underpinned by unhelpful assumptions about disabled people, older people and people with mental or physical health problems. A more inclusive understanding of vulnerability would be more empowering to these people and others, in policies concerned with mistreatment and abuse.