Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mining user activity as a context source for search and retrieval

Nowadays in information retrieval it is generally accepted that if we can better understand the context of searchers then this could help the search process, either at indexing time by including more metadata or at retrieval time by better modelling the user needs. In this work we explore how activity recognition from tri-axial accelerometers can be employed to model a user's activity as a means of enabling context-aware information retrieval. In this paper we discuss how we can gather user activity automatically as a context source from a wearable mobile device and we evaluate the accuracy of our proposed user activity recognition algorithm. Our technique can recognise four kinds of activities which can be used to model part of an individual's current context. We discuss promising experimental results, possible approaches to improve our algorithms, and the impact of this work in modelling user context toward enhanced search and retrieval.
Platelet Activation after Presyncope by Lower Body Negative Pressure in Humans

Central hypovolemia elevates hemostatic activity which is essential for preventing exsanguination after trauma, but platelet activation to central hypovolemia has not been described. We hypothesized that central hypovolemia induced by lower body negative pressure (LBNP) activates platelets. Eight healthy subjects were exposed to progressive central hypovolemia by LBNP until presyncope. At baseline and 5 min after presyncope, hemostatic activity of venous blood was evaluated by flow cytometry, thrombelastography, and plasma markers of coagulation and fibrinolysis. Cell counts were also determined. Flow cytometry revealed that LBNP increased mean fluorescence intensity of PAC-1 by 1959±455 units (P<0.001) and percent of fluorescence-positive platelets by 27±18%-points (P = 0.013). Thrombelastography demonstrated that coagulation was accelerated (R-time decreased by 0.8±0.4 min (P = 0.001)) and that clot lysis increased (LY60 by 6.0±5.8%-points (P = 0.034)). Plasma coagulation factor VIII and von Willebrand factor ristocetin cofactor activity increased (P = 0.011 and P = 0.024, respectively), demonstrating increased coagulation activity, while von Willebrand factor antigen was unchanged. Plasma protein C activity and tissue-type plasminogen activator increased (P = 0.007 and P = 0.017, respectively), and D-dimer increased by 0.03±0.02 mg l−1 (P = 0.031), demonstrating increased fibrinolytic activity. Plasma prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time were unchanged. Platelet count increased by 15±13% (P = 0.014) and red blood cells by 9±4% (P = 0.002). In humans, LBNP-induced presyncope activates platelets, as evidenced by increased exposure of active glycoprotein IIb/IIIa, accelerates coagulation. LBNP activates fibrinolysis, similar to hemorrhage, but does not alter coagulation screening tests, such as prothrombin time and activated partial thromboplastin time. LBNP results in increased platelet counts, but also in hemoconcentration.
Empirical Analysis of Transmission Power Control Algorithms for Wireless Sensor Networks

Previously, many researchers sought to optimize the throughput and power consumption by radio transmission power control, but the experimental platforms and the workloads did not reflect the reality of WSNs. We present a dynamic transmission-power-control algorithm based on previous studies and evaluate the algorithm using realistic multi-hop WSN workloads and a large Mica2dot-based testbed. We have found that potential gains of dynamic transmission-power control are much smaller than what is indicated by prior research. Compared to the fixed transmission-power control, the dynamic transmission-power control improves the power consumption up to 16% for convergence traffic, but no noticeable performance improvements for aggregation traffic. The effect of dynamic transmission-power control becomes larger as we reduce the radio duty cycle, with 37% power savings at a 10% duty cycle. This result suggests that dynamic transmission-power control is most useful in combination of low-power MAC protocols which implement radio low duty cycling.
How do fixes become bugs?

Software bugs affect system reliability. When a bug is exposed in the field, developers need to fix them. Unfortunately, the bug-fixing process can also introduce errors, which leads to buggy patches that further aggravate the damage to end users and erode software vendors' reputation. This paper presents a comprehensive characteristic study on incorrect bug-fixes from large operating system code bases including Linux, OpenSolaris, FreeBSD and also a mature commercial OS developed and evolved over the last 12 years, investigating not only themistake patterns during bug-fixing but also the possible human reasons in the development process when these incorrect bug-fixes were introduced. Our major findings include: (1) at least 14.8%--24.4% of sampled fixes for post-release bugs in these large OSes are incorrect and have made impacts to end users. (2) Among several common bug types, concurrency bugs are the most difficult to fix correctly: 39% of concurrency bug fixes are incorrect. (3) Developers and reviewers for incorrect fixes usually do not have enough knowledge about the involved code. For example, 27% of the incorrect fixes are made by developers who have never touched the source code files associated with the fix. Our results provide useful guidelines to design new tools and also to improve the development process. Based on our findings, the commercial software vendor whose OS code we evaluated is building a tool to improve the bug fixing and code reviewing process.
Examining the Impact of Service Quality: A Meta-Analysis of Empirical Evidence

This study combines meta-analysis with structural equation modeling to examine the impact of service quality (SQ) on customer satisfaction (CS), attitudinal loyalty (AL), and purchase intention (PI). Findings from 86 articles containing 115 independent samples and 161 effect sizes representing 42,877 customers are used to test a model of the relationships among the above-referred variables. Results show that SQ has a large effect on CS, AL, and PI. Also, SQ is indirectly related to AL and PI. Because AL and PI are critical indicators of a customer's willingness to engage in a relationship with the firm, this study provides clear evidence that SQ plays a vital role in a firm's quest for building long-term relationships with customers. The effect of measurement and contextual moderators is also analyzed.
Crucial Role for Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress During Megakaryocyte Maturation

Objective—Apoptotic-like phase is an essential step for the platelet formation from megakaryocytes. How controlled is this signaling pathway remained poorly understood. The aim of this study was to determine whether endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress–induced apoptosis occurs during thrombopoiesis. Approach and Results—Investigation of ER stress and maturation markers in different models of human thrombopoiesis (CHRF, DAMI, MEG-01 cell lines, and hematopoietic stem cells: CD34+) as well as in immature pathological platelets clearly indicated that ER stress occurs transiently during thrombopoiesis. Direct ER stress induction by tunicamycin, an inhibitor of N-glycosylation, or by sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase type 3b overexpression, which interferes with reticular calcium, leads to some degree of maturation in megakaryocytic cell lines. On the contrary, exposure to salubrinal, a phosphatase inhibitor that prevents eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2&agr;-P dephosphorylation and inhibits ER stress–induced apoptosis, decreased both expression of maturation markers in MEG-01 and CD34+ cells as well as numbers of mature megakaryocytes and proplatelet formation in cultured CD34+ cells. Conclusions—Taken as a whole, our research suggests that transient ER stress activation triggers the apoptotic-like phase of the thrombopoiesis process.
Hair Mercury Negatively Correlates with Calcium Pump Activity in Human Term Newborns and Their Mothers at Delivery

Background Calcium homeostasis is a known target of several environmental toxicants including lead and mercury. Objective Our goal was to determine the relationship between Hg exposure and erythrocyte Ca pump activity in women at delivery and in their newborns. Methods We determined total Hg as well as Pb concentrations in 81 hair and blood samples obtained at delivery. Basal and calmodulin-stimulated Ca pump activity was measured in red blood cells from cord blood and maternal erythrocyte plasma membranes. Results Maternal hair Hg negatively correlates with Ca pump activity in maternal and cord blood erythrocytes. Pb and Hg both independently correlate negatively with Ca pump activity without any statistically significant interaction. After adjustment for potential confounders, Pb and Hg explain about 30% and 7% of total variance of Ca pump activity in newborns and mothers, respectively. Conclusion Our findings confirm results reported in previous experimental studies and support the use of biomarkers in newborns from general population.
Temperament, Stress Reactivity, and Coping: Implications for Depression in Childhood and Adolescence

This article considers the role of temperament in the development of depression during childhood and adolescence. The features of depression in young people and aspects of temperament that are most relevant to depression are briefly reviewed. Studies that have tested the direct and indirect associations of temperament and depressive symptoms in young people are summarized. Evidence suggests that the temperamental characteristics of positive and negative emotionality, and to a lesser extent attentional control, are implicated in depressive symptoms. The role of stress, stress responses, and coping are then examined in the association of temperament and depression. Temperamental characteristics may moderate and be moderated by stress responses and coping in their effects on depression. Directions for future research are highlighted.
The Construction Principles and Problems of the Long Version EI-DARL-V2 Original Measurement Methodology of Emotional Intelligence

An original methodology for assessing emotional intelligence (EI) has been created, which consists of two versions – the short version EI-DARL-V1 and the long version EI-DARL-V2. The short version of the test EI-DARL-V1 was constructed on the basis of evaluating the degree of agreeing with the statement or rejecting it, and covers such EI dimensions as Emotion Perception, the control of your emotions, the understanding of other’s emotions, the control of other’s emotions and manipulations, i.e. the ability to control the behaviour of people around by taking advantage of their emotions. The long version of the text, presented in this article, was constructed in order to grasp deeper the cognitive aspect of EI. EI-DARL-V2 test version, in addition to the questionnaire used in the test EI-DARL-V1 is supplemented by two more – the scale of identification of nonverbal facial expressions and the scale of solutions to emotional social and interpersonal situations. The test part of identification of facial emotions consists of 20 nonverbal stimuli i.e. pictures. The mean of the overall test solution M=0,65, SD=0,12. The internal consistency index of the identification of facial expressions – Cronbach α=0,54. The test solutions to emotional-social and interpersonal situations consists of 10 situations, where each of them has two decision tasks and it is asked to select one of the options in the test responses for each of them. Internal consistency index for this test Cronbach α=0,71. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.5755/j01.ss. 84.2. 7486
Maternal cocaine use and the caregiving environment during early childhood

The purpose of this study was to examine the quality of the caregiving environment for young children of polydrug cocaine-using mothers. Three aspects of the caregiving environment were examined: physical and social settings for development, maternal psychosocial functioning, and child rearing customs and attitudes. It was hypothesized that maternal cocaine use would be associated with more negative caregiving environments. Results indicated that cocaine-using mothers were more likely to have symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, experience or witness community violence, and use negative discipline and that their children were more likely to remain in foster care for longer periods of time, experience more changes in primary caregivers, and be visited by male caregivers less often. The implications of these findings for child adjustment and directions for future research are discussed.
The Origins and Activities of Apa's Division of the Psychology of Women

The activities of APA's Division of the Psychology of Women are traced from the origins of the Division in 1973 to the present. Division 35 evolved in response to pressures relating to the status of women in psychology as well as concerns about the content and practice of the psychology of women. The Division has fostered significant research on the psychology of women, been an important organizing base for women psychologists in their quest for visibility and influence, and provided institutional support for issues of diversity in psychology and society.
Exon-Level Transcriptome Profiling in Murine Breast Cancer Reveals Splicing Changes Specific to Tumors with Different Metastatic Abilities

Background Breast cancer is the second most frequent type of cancer affecting women. We are increasingly aware that changes in mRNA splicing are associated with various characteristics of cancer. The most deadly aspect of cancer is metastasis, the process by which cancer spreads from the primary tumor to distant organs. However, little is known specifically about the involvement of alternative splicing in the formation of macroscopic metastases. Our study investigates transcript isoform changes that characterize tumors of different abilities to form growing metastases. Methods and Findings To identify alternative splicing events (ASEs) that are associated with the fully metastatic phenotype in breast cancer, we used Affymetrix Exon Microarrays to profile mRNA isoform variations genome-wide in weakly metastatic (168FARN and 4T07) and highly metastatic (4T1) mammary carcinomas. Statistical analysis identified significant expression changes in 7606 out of 155,994 (4%) exons and in 1725 out of 189,460 (1%) intronic regions, which affect 2623 out of 16,654 (16%) genes. These changes correspond to putative alternative isoforms—several of which are novel—that are differentially expressed between tumors of varying metastatic phenotypes. Gene pathway analysis showed that 1224 of genes expressing alternative isoforms were involved in cell growth, cell interactions, cell proliferation, cell migration and cell death and have been previously linked to cancers and genetic disorders. We chose ten predicted splice variants for RT-PCR validation, eight of which were successfully confirmed (MED24, MFI2, SRRT, CD44, CLK1 and HNRNPH1). These include three novel intron retentions in CD44, a gene in which isoform variations have been previously associated with the metastasis of several cancers. Conclusion Our findings reveal that various genes are differently spliced and/or expressed in association with the metastatic phenotype of tumor cells. Identification of metastasis-specific isoforms may contribute to the development of improved breast cancer stage identification and targeted therapies.
Application of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Detecting Extreme Weather in Climate Datasets

Detecting extreme events in large datasets is a major challenge in climate science research. Current algorithms for extreme event detection are build upon human expertise in defining events based on subjective thresholds of relevant physical variables. Often, multiple competing methods produce vastly different results on the same dataset. Accurate characterization of extreme events in climate simulations and observational data archives is critical for understanding the trends and potential impacts of such events in a climate change content. This study presents the first application of Deep Learning techniques as alternative methodology for climate extreme events detection. Deep neural networks are able to learn high-level representations of a broad class of patterns from labeled data. In this work, we developed deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) classification system and demonstrated the usefulness of Deep Learning technique for tackling climate pattern detection problems. Coupled with Bayesian based hyper-parameter optimization scheme, our deep CNN system achieves 89\%-99\% of accuracy in detecting extreme events (Tropical Cyclones, Atmospheric Rivers and Weather Fronts
Dizziness, Unsteadiness, Visual Disturbances, and Sensorimotor Control in Traumatic Neck Pain

SYNOPSIS: There is considerable evidence to support the importance of cervical afferent dysfunction in the development of dizziness, unsteadiness, visual disturbances, altered balance, and altered eye and head movement control following neck trauma, especially in those with persistent symptoms. However, there are other possible causes for these symptoms, and secondary adaptive changes should also be considered in differential diagnosis. Understanding the nature of these symptoms and differential diagnosis of their potential origin is important for rehabilitation. In addition to symptoms, the evaluation of potential impairments (altered cervical joint position and movement sense, static and dynamic balance, and ocular mobility and coordination) should become an essential part of the routine assessment of those with traumatic neck pain, including those with concomitant injuries such as concussion and vestibular or visual pathology or deficits. Once adequately assessed, appropriate tailored management should be implemented. Research to further assist differential diagnosis and to understand the most important contributing factors associated with abnormal cervical afferent input and subsequent disturbances to the sensorimotor control system, as well as the most efficacious management of such symptoms and impairments, is important for the future.
Self-tracking cultures: towards a sociology of personal informatics

A body of literature on self-tracking has been established in human-computer interaction studies. Contributors to this literature tend to take a cognitive or behavioural psychology approach to theorising and explaining self-tracking. Such an approach is limited to understanding individual behaviour. Yet self-tracking is a profoundly social practice, both in terms of the enculturated meanings with which it is invested and the social encounters and social institutions that are part of the self-tracking phenomenon. In this paper I contend that sociological perspectives can contribute some intriguing possibilities for human-computer interaction research, particularly in developing an understanding of the wider social, cultural and political dimensions of what I refer to as 'self-tracking cultures'. The discussion focuses on the following topics: self-optimisation and governing the self; entanglements of bodies and technologies; the valorisation of data; data doubles; and social inequalities and self-tracking. The paper ends with outlining some directions for future research on self-tracking cultures that goes beyond the individual to the social.
A Methodological Critique of the 1973 IEA Survey of Reading Comprehension Education in 15 Countries.

THORNDIKE'S REPORT IS CRITICIZED on a number of grounds: 1) The research has no guiding theoretical basis and lacks a general logical framework; consequently, the analyses are post hoc and often unclearly motivated. No attempt is made to relate the study to previous research in reading or in comparative education. 2) Incomplete and often unclear reporting makes it difficult to understand and evaluate the methods used and the results obtained, and replication of the study is hardly possible. 3) Several methodological weaknesses raise grave doubts about the findings. For example, weaknesses in the tests that were revealed in pilot trials were not acted on; inferences about the validity of the instruments appear to be biased by the investigators' expectations; and there appear to be serious deficiencies in the sampling of subjects. 4) The conclusions are overgeneralized. In particular, the inference that home background is more important than schooling receives no support from the data.
Adherence to perceived norms across cultural boundaries: The role of need for cognitive closure and ingroup identification

Need for closure (NFC) refers to the need for firm answers to reduce uncertainty. We propose that because cultural norms are closure providers, when rendering social judgments, individuals with higher NFC would be more likely to conform to the dominant norms. Furthermore, because ingroup identification increases the perceived contrast between ingroup and outgroup cultures and enhances the perceived consensual validity of the dominant cultural norms within a country, high ingroup identifiers with high NFC would adhere to their native cultural norm when managing situations in their own country; however, they would rely more on the dominant cultural norms in a foreign country when deciding how to respond in that country. Two studies provided consistent support to our hypotheses.
Got image? Examining organizational image in web recruitment

Purpose – This study aims to investigate whether organizational image: mediates the relationship between web site attributes and organizational attraction and moderates the relationship between person‐job (P‐J) fit and organizational attraction.Design/methodology/approach – A total of 320 observations were collected from 80 senior‐level undergraduates, each half navigating a different set of four actual organizational web sites.Findings – Organizational image was found to fully mediate the relationship between a web site's aesthetic features and organizational attraction; and moderate the relationship between P‐J fit perceptions and organizational attraction such that the change in organizational attraction was more sensitive to perceptions of P‐J fit when organizational image perceptions were more unfavorable rather than favorable. In addition, intercept differences revealed that individuals with below average P‐J fit were more attracted to organizations having a favorable image than an unfavorable image.
Revealed Altruism

This paper develops a nonparametric theory of preferences over one's own and others' monetary payoffs. We introduce more altruistic than (MAT), a partial ordering over preferences, and interpret it with known parametric models. We also introduce and illustrate more generous than (MGT),a partial ordering over opportunity sets. Several recent studies focus on two player extensive form games of complete information in which the first mover (FM) chooses a more or less generous opportunity set for the second mover (SM). Here reciprocity can be formalized as the assertion that an MGT choice by the FM will elicit MAT preferences in the SM. A further assertion is that the effect on preferences is stronger for acts of commission by FM than for acts of omission. We state and prove propositions on the observable consequences of these assertions. Finally, empirical support for the propositions is found in existing data from investment games and from Stackelberg games and in new data from Stackelberg mini-games.