Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Grammatical analysis as a distributed neurobiological function

Language processing engages large‐scale functional networks in both hemispheres. Although it is widely accepted that left perisylvian regions have a key role in supporting complex grammatical computations, patient data suggest that some aspects of grammatical processing could be supported bilaterally. We investigated the distribution and the nature of grammatical computations across language processing networks by comparing two types of combinatorial grammatical sequences—inflectionally complex words and minimal phrases—and contrasting them with grammatically simple words. Novel multivariate analyses revealed that they engage a coalition of separable subsystems: inflected forms triggered left‐lateralized activation, dissociable into dorsal processes supporting morphophonological parsing and ventral, lexically driven morphosyntactic processes. In contrast, simple phrases activated a consistently bilateral pattern of temporal regions, overlapping with inflectional activations in L middle temporal gyrus. These data confirm the role of the left‐lateralized frontotemporal network in supporting complex grammatical computations. Critically, they also point to the capacity of bilateral temporal regions to support simple, linear grammatical computations. This is consistent with a dual neurobiological framework where phylogenetically older bihemispheric systems form part of the network that supports language function in the modern human, and where significant capacities for language comprehension remain intact even following severe left hemisphere damage. Hum Brain Mapp 36:1190–1201, 2015. © 2014 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Bis(phenylimidazoselenazolyl) diselenide: a compound with antinociceptive properties in mice

The present study examined the effect of peroral administration of bis(phenylimidazoselenazolyl) diselenide (BPIS) in thermal and chemical models of pain in mice. The involvement of the opioid system in the BPIS antinociceptive effect was also examined, as well as potential nonspecific disturbances in locomotor activity or signs of acute toxicity. BPIS (25–100 mg/kg) induced an increase in tail-immersion response latency and this effect was significant at pretreatment times of 15 min to 4 h, but not at 8 h. The hot-plate response latency was also increased by the administration of BPIS (25–100 mg/kg). BPIS, at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg, inhibited writhing behaviour caused by an intraperitoneal acetic acid injection. Both early and late phases of nociception caused by the intraperitoneal formalin injection were inhibited by BPIS (10–50 mg/kg). BPIS, administered at doses equal to or greater than 10 and 25 mg/kg, reduced nociception produced by an intraperitoneal injection of capsaicin and glutamate, respectively. The antinociceptive effect of BPIS, when assessed in the tail-immersion test, was not abolished by naloxone. BPIS (10–50 mg/kg) did not alter alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase activities (parameters of hepatic function) or urea and creatinine levels (parameters of renal function), and did not affect motor activity in the open-field test. The results indicate that BPIS produced an antinociceptive action without causing motor disturbances or toxicity. Moreover, opioidergic mechanisms seem not to be involved in the antinociceptive action of BPIS. Here, BPIS has been found to be a novel organoselenium compound with antinociceptive properties; however, more studies are required to examine its therapeutic potential for pain treatment.
Comparative Test For the Upgrading of Lead in Sabon Layi Lead-Zinc Ore (Alkaleri Local Government Area, Bauchi State), Using Gravity and Froth Flotation Beneficiation Methods

This research work deals with the upgrading of lead in Sabon Layi lead-zinc ore using gravity and froth flotation beneficiation methods. Analysis of the chemical composition reveals that this crude ore contains 38.76%lead and other related minerals such as 29% silica, 22.80% Sulphur, 2.76%Zinc, 4.17%CaO and others in traces; these related minerals are impurities that hinder the lead grade found in this ore from appreciating. Fractional sieve and the grain size result revealed that the liberation size of the ore is at -710+500µm. At this sieve size, the lead –zinc ore was subjected to four different beneficiation methods using five kilograms (5kg) each as charge on Wilfley shaking Table, Humphrey spiral concentrator, Air floating Machine and one kilogram (1kg) for froth flotation. Resulting products –Concentrate and tailing from Processing were analyzed. The grade and weight of the resulting mineral were used in calculating percentage recovery of each applied process; which was used to ascertain the best method.
Creation and Characterization of Several Polymer/Conductive Element Composite Scaffolds for Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering

After skeletal muscle damage, satellite cells move towards the injured area to assist in regeneration. However, these cells are rare as their numbers depend on the age and composition of the injured muscle. This regeneration method often results in scar tissue formation along with loss of function. Although several treatment methods have been investigated, no muscle replacement treatment currently exists. Tissue engineering attempts to create, repair, and/or replace damaged tissue by combining cells, biomaterials, and tissue-inducing substances such as growth factors. Electrospinning produces a non-woven scaffold out of biomaterials with fiber diameters ranging from nanometers to microns to create an extracellular-like matrix on which cells attach and proliferate. Our focus is on synthetic polymers, specifically poly(D,L-lactide) (PDLA), poly(L-lactide) (PLLA), and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL). Skeletal muscle cells grown on electrospun scaffolds tend to elongate and fuse together thus, mimicking natural tissue. Electrical stimulation has been shown to increase the number of cells fused in culture and decreased the time needed in culture for cells to contract. Therefore, a conductive element was added to each scaffold, specifically polyaniline (PANi), gold nanoparticles (Au Nps), and multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT). Our project goal is to create a polymeric, conductive, and biocompatible scaffold for skeletal muscle regeneration. PANi and PDLA were mixed to form the following solutions 24% (83% PDLA/17% PANi), 24% (80% PDLA/20% PANi), 22% (75%PDLA/25% PANi), 29% (83% PDLA/17% PANi), and 29% (80% PDLA/20% PANi). Only the 75/25 electrospun scaffold was conductive and had a calculated conductivity of 0.0437 S/cm. Scaffolds with larger amounts of PANi were unable to be electrospun. PDLA/PANi scaffolds were biocompatible as primary rat skeletal muscle cells cultured in vitro did attach. However,
INCREASED ELASTIN TURNOVER IN OBESE AND DIABETIC CHILDREN WITH VASCULAR COMPLICATIONS

The aim of the present study was to investigate the levels of elastin peptides (EP) and elastin antibodies (EA) in the sera of diabetic and obese children with vascular complications. Twenty obese hypertensive children were compared with 15 diabetic children with microangiopathy and 21 healthy nonobese children. EP and EA levels were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Significantly higher concentrations of EP were found in diabetic children with microangiopathy (135±41 ng/ml) and obese hypertensive children (147±41 ng/ml) than in controls (63±19 ng/ml). There was no correlation between EP and levels of IgG EA and IgM EA. However, IgE EA levels were significantly lower in control children. These data suggest an association between the activity of elastin turnover and vascular complications of diabetes mellitus and obesity.
Reliability-Enhancement and Self-Repair Schemes for SRAMs With Static and Dynamic Faults

This paper proposes a simple method for enhancing the reliability of static random access memories (SRAMs) with hard-to-detect resistive-open defects. The method prevents a SRAM from executing successive multiple read operations on the same position, such that the hard-to-detect defects cannot manifest as functional faults. This can prolong the lifetime of the SRAM with latent hard-to-detect defects. Experimental results show that the proposed reliability-enhancement circuit (REC) can effectively improve the reliability of the SRAMs without incurring delay penalty and with 0.07% additional area cost for an 8192 × 64-bit SRAM. By integrating the REC with the SRAM, a BISR scheme is proposed to boost 6%-10% increment of repair rate compared with the BISR without the REC. Also, the area cost of the BISR is low-only about 2% for an 8192 × 64-bit SRAM.
Lysosomal Sorting of Amyloid-β by the SORLA Receptor Is Impaired by a Familial Alzheimer’s Disease Mutation

A familial AD mutation in SORL1 disrupts the ability of the sorting receptor SORLA to mediate intracellular degradation of Aβ peptides. SORLA: Sorting Aβ for Destruction Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disorder. The principal cause of AD is neurotoxic amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides, derived by processing of an amyloid precursor protein, which impair neuronal viability and function. Current efforts are directed toward elucidating factors that determine the extent of Aβ production that could represent therapeutic targets to reduce Aβ buildup in the brain. In new work, Caglayan and colleagues focused on SORLA, a sorting receptor genetically associated with both sporadic and familial forms of AD. Because low SORLA levels coincide with high Aβ concentrations in AD patients, the authors tested whether and by what mechanism raising SORLA activity could protect from Aβ peptide accumulation. Using mouse models overexpressing human SORLA, the authors documented that boosting this receptor caused a marked reduction in brain Aβ. The underlying molecular mechanism was traced to the ability of SORLA to direct newly produced Aβ to lysosomes for degradation. The authors also demonstrated that this sorting function was lost in a SORLA receptor carrying a G511R mutation expressed in an autosomal dominant form of AD. This study substantiates the beneficial effects of raising SORLA activity for AD-related processes, and identifies lysosomal sorting of Aβ as a new pathway that may be amenable to therapeutic intervention. SORLA/SORL1 is a unique neuronal sorting receptor for the amyloid precursor protein that has been causally implicated in both sporadic and autosomal dominant familial forms of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Brain concentrations of SORLA are inversely correlated with amyloid-β (Aβ) in mouse models and AD patients, suggesting that increasing expression of this receptor could be a therapeutic option for decreasing the amount of amyloidogenic products in affected individuals. We characterize a new mouse model in which SORLA is overexpressed, and show a decrease in Aβ concentrations in mouse brain. We trace the underlying molecular mechanism to the ability of this receptor to direct lysosomal targeting of nascent Aβ peptides. Aβ binds to the amino-terminal VPS10P domain of SORLA, and this binding is impaired by a familial AD mutation in SORL1. Thus, loss of SORLA’s Aβ sorting function is a potential cause of AD in patients, and SORLA may be a new therapeutic target for AD drug development.
Multilevel Graph Partitioning Schemes

In this paper we present experiments with a class of graph partitioning algorithms that reduce the size of the graph by collapsing vertices and edges, partition the smaller graph, and then uncoarsen it to construct a partition for the original graph. We investigate the effectiveness of many different choices for all three phases: coarsening, partition of the coarsest graph, and refinement. In particular, we present a new coarsening heuristic (called heavy-edge heuristic) for which the size of the partition of the coarse graph is within a small factor of the size of the final partition obtained after multilevel refinement. We also present a new scheme for refining during uncoarsening that is much faster than the Kernighan-Lin refinement. We test our scheme on a large number of graphs arising in various domains including finite element methods, linear programming, VLSI, and transportation. Our experiments show that our scheme consistently produces partitions that are better than those produced by spectral partitioning schemes in substantially smaller timer (10 to 35 times faster than multilevel spectral bisection). Also, when our scheme is used to compute fill reducing orderings for sparse matrices, it substantially outperforms the widely used multiple minimum degree
Approximate analysis of surface wave-structure interaction

Surface wave-structure interaction is studied starting from a specialised approximate formulation involving a hyperbolic equation for the Rayleigh wave along with pseudostatic elliptic equations over the interior of an elastic half-space. The validity of the proposed approach for modelling a point contact is analysed. Explicit dispersion relations are derived for smooth contact stresses arising from averaging the effect of a regular array of spring-mass oscillators and also of elastic rods attached to the surface. Comparison with the exact solution of the associated plane time-harmonic problem in elasticity for the array of rods demonstrates a high efficiency of the developed methodology.
A stabilization algorithm of the Navier–Stokes equations based on algebraic Bernoulli equation

In this paper, we consider the stabilization of the nonstationary incompressible Navier–Stokes equations around a stationary solution by a boundary linear feedback control. The feedback operator is obtained from the solution of the algebraic Bernoulli equation associated with the penalized linearized Navier–Stokes equations around an unstable stationary solution and is used to locally stabilize the original nonlinear equations. We give the explicit factorized form of the stabilizing solution of the algebraic Bernoulli equation. The numerical effectiveness of this approach is demonstrated by stabilizing the vortex shedding behind a circular obstacle. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Buckypaper-based catalytic electrode containing graphene nanoplates and ZrO2 nanorod composite to improve PEMFC performance

Many researchers proposed the use of graphene nanoplates (GNPs), carbon nanofibers(CNFs) and metal oxide nanorods as an advanced metal catalyst support for electrocatalysis applications. In this research, Platinum (Pt) catalytic electrode was developed by using GNPs and CNFs containing ZrO2 nanorods (buckypaper) as supporting medium and electrodeposition method to deposit Pt catalyst. Special mixed buckypapers (BPs) was developed by layered microstructures with a large porous structures of CNFs networks at the surface, as well as dense and high-conducting GNP networks as back supports. This unique microstructure led to improve Pt catalyst accessibility and mass exchange properties. The topographical features, structure, morphology and composition of the prepared film samples are characterized by AFM, XRD, FESEM and EDX. The thickness of approximately 39micrometer and a porosity of 81%, were obtained by porometer using mercury prosimetry test. Catalytic properties of Pt/BPs electrodes and MEA performance evaluations were measured using potensiostat/galvanostat and fuel cell test station based on cyclic voltammetry and single cell polarization measurements. Pt particles of about 6.66nm were uniformly deposited in porous BPs. A promising electrochemical surface area of 31.66m2g-1 was obtained from these electrodes. The peak power density of the cell worked by BPs with ZrO2 nanorods was 0.288 kWcm-2, higher than 0.23kWcm-2 measured on the cell worked by the BPs without ZrO2 nanorods. A Pt utilization as high as 0.675gPtkW-1 was achieved for the cathode electrode at 80◦C. Pt utilization efficiency can be further improved by optimization of the electrodeposition condition in order to reduce the Pt particle size.
Polynomial time algorithms for network information flow

The famous max-flow min-cut theorem states that a source node s can send information through a network (V,E) to a sink node t at a data rate determined by the min-cut separating s and t. Recently it has been shown that this rate can also be achieved for multicasting to several sinks provided that the intermediate nodes are allowed to reencode the information they receive. In contrast, we present graphs where without coding the rate must be a factor Ω(log|V|) smaller. However, so far no fast algorithms for constructing appropriate coding schemes were known. Our main result are polynomial time algorithms for constructing coding schemes for multicasting at the maximal data rate.
Characterising Wireless Sensor Motes for Space Applications

This paper is concerned with application of standard wireless COTS protocols to space. Suitability of commercially available wireless sensor mote kits for communication inside and between satellites is investigated. Spacecraft applications of motes are being considered and a set of requirements are identified. Selected mote kits are tested under various scenarios complying with spacecraft testing procedures. The paper details the results of the carried out functional, EMC/I, vibration, thermal and radiation tests.
Cytokines induce MMP-3-regulated proliferation of embryonic stem cell-derived odontoblast-like cells.

OBJECTIVES Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3 expression increases after pulpectomy and accelerates angiogenesis in rat dental pulp by an uncharacterised mechanism. Odontoblasts, a major component of dental pulp, could represent a therapeutic target. We investigated whether MMP-3 activity is induced by cytokines and/or is associated with cell proliferation and apoptosis in embryonic stem cell-derived odontoblast-like cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS We used reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, an MMP-3 activity assay, a BrdU-cell proliferation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and DNA fragmentation analysis to evaluate siRNA-mediated downregulation of MMP-3 expression and activity, and any changes in the proliferative and apoptotic responses associated with this reduced expression. RESULTS Pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin-1β, tumour necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ, at relatively low concentrations) induced MMP-3 mRNA and protein expression, and increased MMP-3 activity and cell proliferation, but not apoptosis. MMP-3 silencing produced a potent and significant suppression of cytokine-induced MMP-3 expression and activity, decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis. These effects were rescued by application of exogenous MMP-3. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that pro-inflammatory cytokines induce MMP-3-regulated cell proliferation and anti-apoptosis effects in odontoblast-like cells derived from embryonic stem cells, in addition to their well-documented destructive role in inflammation.
Adenovirus infection and treatment with cidofovir in children after liver transplantation

Abstract: In a retrospective study, serum samples from 21 pediatric liver transplant recipients were analysed by quantitative real‐time PCR for ADV infection up to 24 wk after Tx. ADV DNA was detected in serum of eight children after Tx, one of whom developed life‐threatening fulminant hepatitis and sepsis. None of these children were symptomatic at the time of first detection of ADV DNA in serum after Tx. Seven children with positive ADV PCR had low adenoviral loads, showed no increase in viral load and remained clinically asymptomatic in the follow‐up period of 24 wk. After 10 wk under immunosuppression one child presented clinically with adenoviral sepsis and severe necrotizing hepatitis. This patient revealed a dramatic increase of ADV from baseline titers up to 1.3 × 109 copies/mL serum within 10 wk after Tx. ADV was also detected in a liver biopsy of this child at 1.2 × 104 copies/cell and typed by sequence analysis as human ADV species C, type 6, a rarely detected ADV type and first described in a liver transplant patient. Immunosuppression was reduced in this patient immediately and the antiviral drug cidofovir administered intravenously followed by viral suppression and clinical improvement of the child.
Which to View: Personalized Prioritization for Broadcast Emails

Email is one of the most important communication tools today, but email overload resulting from the large number of unimportant or irrelevant emails is causing trillion-level economy loss every year. Thus personalized email prioritization algorithms are of urgent need. Despite lots of previous effort on this topic, broadcast email, an important type of email, is overlooked in previous literature. Broadcast emails are significantly different from normal emails, introducing both new challenges and opportunities. On one hand, lack of real senders and limited user interactions invalidate the key features exploited by traditional email prioritization algorithms; on the other hand, thousands of receivers for one broadcast email bring us the opportunity to predict importance through collaborative filtering. However, broadcast emails face a severe cold-start problem which hinders the direct application of collaborative filtering. In this paper, we propose the first framework for broadcast email prioritization by designing a novel active learning model that considers the collaborative filtering, implicit feedback and time sensitive responsiveness features of broadcast emails. Our method is thoroughly evaluated on a large scale real world industrial dataset from Samsung Electronics. Our method is proved highly effective and outperforms state-of-the-art personalized email prioritization methods.
Novel mutations in the LRP5 gene in patients with Osteoporosis‐pseudoglioma syndrome

1 Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Biomedicum Helsinki, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland 2Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland 3Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Clinical Genetics, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden 4 Erciyes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Turkey 5Department of Clinical Genetics, Christian Medical College and Hospital Vellore, India 6 Intergen, Genetic Diagnosis Research and Application Center, Ankara, Turkey 7Dr.Sami Ulus Children's Hospital, Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Ankara, Turkey 8Department of Woman and Child Health, Karolinska Institutet and Pediatric Neurology, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden