Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Should I Stay or Should I Go? Explaining Turnover Intentions with Organizational Identification and Job Satisfaction

The social identity approach is a powerful theoretical framework for the understanding of individuals behaviour. The main argument is that individuals think and act on behalf of the group they belong to because this group membership adds to their social identity, which partly determines ones self-esteem. In the organizational world, social identity and self-categorization theories state that a strong organizational identification is associated with low turnover intentions. Because identification is the more general perception of shared fate between employee and organization, we propose that the relationship between identification and turnover will be mediated by job satisfaction as the more specific evaluation of ones task and working conditions. In four samples we found organizational identification feeding into job satisfaction, which in turn predicts turnover intentions.
Robust supervisory control of networked discrete event systems

Networked control has been used more and more widely in engineering systems. To study networked control for discrete event systems, network controllability and network observability are introduced in our previous work on networked supervisory control theory. In this paper, we investigate robust supervisory control for networked discrete event systems. We assume that the system to be controlled is not known precisely. We only know that it is one among several possibilities. The goal is to design a robust supervisor that works for all possibilities. We derive a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of such a robust supervisor. The condition must take into account the communication delays and losses in both observation channel and control channel. We show that the existence condition is characterized by network controllability and network observability that are keys to control networked discrete event systems.
Comportamentos problemáticos em estudantes do ensino fundamental: características da ocorrência e relação com habilidades sociais e dificuldades de aprendizagem

Investigou-se as caracteristicas socio-demograficas da ocorrencia de comportamentos problematicos e suas relacoes com as habilidades sociais e dificuldades academicas, em uma amostra de 257 estudantes de 1a a 4a series do ensino fundamental de uma cidade de medio porte de Minas Gerais, utilizando-se a escala Social Skills Rating System (SSRS). Participaram ainda da pesquisa 185 pais e 12 professores destes estudantes. Os resultados mostraram que 6,65% dos estudantes apresentavam muitos comportamentos problematicos e 9,37% apresentavam poucos, na classificacao dos professores. A ocorrencia de comportamentos problematicos foi mais elevada em criancas do sexo masculino, de nivel socio-economico mais baixo e com desempenho academico mais deficitario. A frequencia de comportamentos problematicos foi menor em criancas que apresentaram um nivel mais adequado e elaborado de habilidades sociais. Os resultados levantados na presente pesquisa confirmam dados da literatura da area e indicam a necessidade de se desenvolver intervencoes junto a esta populacao-alvo.
“The Alcohol Just Pissed Me Off”

This exploratory study was designed to examine the beliefs of youth users of alcohol and marijuana about the connections between their substance use and dating violence perpetration. Eighteen youth (ages 14-20 years old), who were primarily of Black or Hispanic race/ethnicity, participated in in-depth interviews about times when they had perpetrated dating violence. They were asked to reflect on whether and how they felt that alcohol and/or marijuana may have contributed. Responses coalesced around four major themes, which were that users believed that (a) Alcohol escalates minor conflict; (b) Alcohol exacerbates feelings of irritation and anger; (c) Marijuana reduces feelings of irritation and anger; and (d) Substances are used to cope with conflict-related stress. We conclude that momentary event-level research that investigates the immediate influence of alcohol and marijuana use on dating violence perpetration is needed and that dating violence prevention interventions should consider addressing substance use and substance-aggression expectancies.
Critical diaphragm failure in sudden infant death syndrome

Abstract Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the leading cause of death in infants between the ages of 1 and 12 months in developed countries. SIDS is by definition a diagnosis of exclusion, and its mechanism of action is unknown. The SIDS–Critical Diaphragm Failure (CDF) hypothesis postulates that the cause of death in SIDS is respiratory failure caused by CDF. Four principal risk factors contribute to CDF in young infants: undeveloped respiratory muscles, non-lethal infections, prone resting position, and REM sleep. Even relatively minor infections can cause an acute and significant reduction in diaphragm force generation capacity that in conjunction with other risk factors can precipitate CDF. CDF-induced acute muscle weakness leaves few, if any pathological marks on the affected tissue.Understanding the underlying mechanism of SIDS may help in formulating new approaches to child care that can help to further reduce the incidence of SIDS.
Convex relaxation methods for graphical models: Lagrangian and maximum entropy approaches

Graphical models provide compact representations of complex probability distributions of many random variables through a collection of potential functions defined on small subsets of these variables. This representation is defined with respect to a graph in which nodes represent random variables and edges represent the interactions among those random variables. Graphical models provide a powerful and flexible approach to many problems in science and engineering, but also present serious challenges owing to the intractability of optimal inference and estimation over general graphs. In this thesis, we consider convex optimization methods to address two central problems that commonly arise for graphical models. First, we consider the problem of determining the most probable configuration also known as the maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimate—of all variables in a graphical model, conditioned on (possibly noisy) measurements of some variables. This general problem is intractable, so we consider a Lagrangian relaxation (LR) approach to obtain a tractable dual problem. This involves using the Lagrangian decomposition technique to break up an intractable graph into tractable subgraphs, such as small "blocks" of nodes, embedded trees or thin subgraphs. We develop a distributed, iterative algorithm that minimizes the Lagrangian dual function by block coordinate descent. This results in an iterative marginal-matching procedure that enforces consistency among the subgraphs using an adaptation of the well-known iterative scaling algorithm. This approach is developed both for discrete variable and Gaussian graphical models. In discrete models, we also introduce a deterministic annealing procedure, which introduces a temperature parameter to define a smoothed dual function and then gradually reduces the temperature to recover the (non-differentiable) Lagrangian dual. When strong duality holds, we recover the optimal MAP estimate. We show that this occurs for a broad class of "convex decomposable" Gaussian graphical models, which generalizes the "pairwise normalizable" condition known to be important for iterative estimation in Gaussian models. In certain "frustrated" discrete models a duality gap can occur using simple versions of our approach. We consider methods that adaptively enhance the dual formulation, by including more complex subgraphs, so as to reduce the duality gap. In many cases we are able to eliminate the duality gap and obtain the optimal MAP estimate in a tractable manner. We also propose a heuristic method to obtain approximate solutions in cases where there is a duality gap. (Copies available exclusively from MIT Libraries, Rm. 14-0551, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307. Ph. 617-253-5668; Fax 617-253-1690.)
Determinants of overdose incidents among illicit opioid users in 5 Canadian cities

Background: Drug overdose is a major cause of death and illness among illicit drug users. Previous research has indicated that most illicit drug users experience nonfatal overdoses and has suggested a variety of factors that are associated with risk of overdose. In this study, we examined the occurrence of and the factors associated with nonfatal overdoses within a Canadian sample of illicit opioid users not enrolled in treatment at the time of study recruitment. Methods: Interviewers used a standard questionnaire to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, drug use, health and health care, experience in the criminal justice system and treatment for drug problems; they also performed standard assessments for mental health and infectious disease. The association between overdose and sociodemographic and drug-use factors was examined with χ2 and t test analyses; marginally significant variables were examined with logistic regression to determine independent effects. Results: A total of 679 subjects were interviewed; 651 provided answers sufficient for this analysis. One hundred and twelve (17.2%) of the 651 respondents reported an overdose episode in the previous 6 months. In the logistic regression analysis (after adjustment for sociodemographic factors), homelessness, noninjection use of hydromorphone in the past 30 days and involvement in drug treatment in the past 12 months were predictors of overdose (p < 0.05). Interpretation: Overdose poses a considerable health risk for illicit opioid users. We found that a diverse set of factors was associated with overdose episodes. Prevention efforts will likely be more effective if they can be directed to specific causal factors.
The ceramide structure of GM1 ganglioside differently affects its recovery in low-density membrane fractions prepared from HL-60 cells with or without triton-X100

Gangliosides are characteristically enriched in various membrane domains that can be isolated as low density membrane fraction insoluble in detergents (detergent-resistant membranes, DRMs) or obtained after homogenization and sonication in 0.5 M sodium carbonate (low-density membranes, LDMs). We assessed the effect of the ceramide structure of four [3H]-labeled GM1 ganglioside molecular species (GM1s) taken up by HL-60 cells on their occurrence in LDMs, and compared it with our previous observations for DRMs. All GM1s contained C18 sphingosine, which was acetylated in GM1(18:1/2) or acylated with C14, C18 or C18:1 fatty acids (Fas)
Is It Really Cheating? Understanding the Emotional Reactions and Clinical Treatment of Spouses and Partners Affected by Cybersex Infidelity

The recent explosion in new portable electronic communication devices has generated the need for evolving clinical thinking about the meaning of spousal infidelity in the age of these new media. To further the understanding of the emotional reactions of those affected by Internet, Smartphone and social media-related infidelity, an online survey of spouses or committed partners of cybersex users was created and 35 responses analyzed. The results show that even when sexual behaviors are limited to online, partners can lose trust in their loved ones, feel the need to seek assistance, and identify themselves as victims of trauma. Further, the results show significant reports of negative consequences on the partners’ relationships. Qualitative data offer support for the concept that partners’ feelings and actions that were formerly considered indicative of codependency can be normative behaviors of trauma victims seeking to regain control of their lives. Recommendations for clinicians working with partners are presented.
Training Profiles and Motivation of Male and Female Youth Soccer Players

The objective of this study was to investigate training profiles and motivation of male and female youth soccer players in different age groups and levels of play. A total of 1075 youth soccer players (U15-U19) from the Bavarian Football Association (BFV) in Germany completed a survey which investigated the total hours of training per week, and hours of training spent in endurance, sprint, technical/tactical, strength and other training and warm-up and cool-down procedures. Significant differences (p<0.05) between male high- and low-level players were seen in the amount of hours in sprint, technical/tactical and strength training. These differences were also found on motivation of the players. The total amount of training increased significantly with age in female players, but the only difference between high- and low-level players was in the amount of endurance training in the U19-group and game-related motivation in the U17-group. This study provides guidelines for training load and content in youth soccer players by gender, age and skill levels.
The sociology of ethnic relations

Abstract The sociological problems presented by ethnic relations should be distinguished from problems of social policy. The foundations for a micro-sociology of ethnic relations laid by Max Weber in 1906–11 have to be interrelated with the macro-sociological contexts within which ethnic groups are constructed by collective action. When ethnic relations have their origin in trans-national migration, much depends on the immigrants’ points of entry into the receiving society's scale of socio-economic status, and, thereafter, on transmitted inequalities. While the nature and causes of social differences associated with ethnic origin have been illuminated by quantitative and qualitative studies, new styles of research are needed to bridge these modes of analysis, such as the measurement of relative preferences for association with co-ethnics.
Expression of Type IV Collagen and Its Degrading Enzymes in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Lung

We examined the in situ distribution of basement membrane collagen (Col IV), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐2, MMP‐9 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase‐1 (TIMP‐1) by immunohisto‐chemistry and their mRNA levels by Northern blot analysis in 14 cases of squamous cell carcinoma of the lung. Elevated mRNA levels of MMP‐2 and Col IV were demonstrated in all the cases examined and were associated with in situ disruption of basement membranes around the tumor nests. In contrast, TIMP‐1 mRNA levels were not altered. MMP‐2, MMP‐9 and TIMP‐1 were localized in tumor cells, stromal fibroblasts and endothelial cells. There were no significant correlations between these parameters and clinical staging. The results suggest that the degrading enzymes of basement membrane collagen play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of human squamous cell carcinoma of the lung.
Teaching Students To Be Peacemakers: A Meta-Analysis.

AUTHOR Johnson, David W. ; Johnson, Roger T. TITLE Teaching Students To Be Peacemakers: A Meta-Analysis. PUB DATE 2001-04-00 NOTE 39p. ; Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of the American Educational Research Association (Seattle, WA, April 10-14, 2001). PUB TYPE Reports Research (143) Speeches/Meeting Papers (150) EDRS PRICE MF01/PCO2 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS Academic Achievement; *Conflict Resolution; Elementary Secondary Education; Foreign Countries; Interpersonal Relationship; *Peer Mediation; *Problem Solving; Student Behavior; Suburban Schools; Urban Schools IDENTIFIERS Peace Education
Gate Tunneling Current Fluctuations associated with Random Dopant Effects

Random-dopant-induced gate tunneling current fluctuations are studied for the first time. It is shown that gate leakage currents considerably fluctuate among MOSFETs even if there is no gate oxide thickness fluctuation. The physical origin of random-dopant-induced gate tunneling current fluctuations near the stand-by (Vg≈ +0 V) is the fluctuations in source-to-channel p-n junction location rather than the fluctuations in normal oxide field. Statistical variations of p-n junction location due to random impurities are essential for ultra-small MOSFETs and should be appropriately taken into account in the device simulation.
Case Study: Bed Resistance of Rhine River during 1998 Flood

Detailed field measurements during the 1998 flood of the Rhine River in The Netherlands show that both Manning \in and Darcy—Weisbach friction factor \if increase with discharge. The changes in bedform roughness height and friction factors are attributed to the increased dune height during floods. There is a near-peak hysteresis in the dune height measurements. At a given discharge, dunes are significantly larger after than before the peak discharge. The trend is most apparent for the Bovenrijn with weaker variations for the Waal. The methods of Engelund and Vanoni—Hwang provide similar estimates of form drag. When combined with van Rijn’s method to estimate grain resistance, both methods tend to overpredict the measured bed friction factor after the peak discharge. These methods perform best when field bedform measurements are available to estimate form drag. The composite effect of primary and secondary dunes should be considered in the analysis of resistance to flow.
Language Learning in Study Abroad: Case Studies of Americans in France

s International – A 62(2), 498. Moore, D. (2004). La représentation des langues et de leur apprentissage: Références, modèles, données et méthodes. Paris: Didier Collection CREDIF Essais. Norton, B. (2000). Identity and Language Learning: Gender, Ethnicity, and Educational Change. London: Longman. Paige, R. M. , Cohen, A.D., Kappler, B. , Chi, J.C. & Lassegard, J. P. (2002). Maximizing Study Abroad: A Student’s Guide to Strategies for Language and Culture Learning and Use. University of Minnesota: Center for Advanced Research on Language Acquisition. Pellegrino Aveni, V. (2005). Study Abroad and Second Language Use: Constructing the Self. New York: Cambridge University Press. Talburt, S. & Stewart, M.A. (1999). What’s the subject of study abroad? Race, gender and ‘living culture. ’ Modern Language Journal 83: 163 –175. Twombly, S. B. (1995). Piropos and friendship: Gender and culture clash in study abroad. Frontiers: The Interdisciplinary Journal of Study
A Comprehensive Profile of Those Who Have Health-Related Apps

This study investigated sociodemographic, health-related, technological, and motivational factors associated with having health-related apps. Focusing on motivational factors, this study chose five general healthy intentions (about fruit, vegetable, and soda intake, weight control, and amount of exercise) and examined whether those with intention to change their current state (change group) differ from those who want to maintain (maintain group) or pay no attention to their current state (no attention group). A secondary analysis of data from the Health Information National Trends Survey 4 (Cycle 4), collected from a representative sample of U.S. adults aged 18 years or older, was conducted. Only responses from Internet users were analyzed (N = 2,802). Regarding sociodemographics, younger individuals and those with higher income were more likely to have health apps. Hispanics and the less educated were less likely to have health apps. Also, technological factors, such as smartphone and Wi-Fi use, were associated with having apps. Regarding motivational factors, Model 1 (no attention group as a reference group) showed differences in having apps between those who wanted to change their weight and those who paid no attention. Model 2 (maintain group as a reference group) revealed a difference between those who tried to change the amount of exercise and those who maintained it. The findings provided a comprehensive profile of those with health apps in the United States: non-Hispanic young people with higher income, higher education, a smartphone, and a Wi-Fi connection who want to change (but not maintain) their weight and amount of exercise.
A Longitudinal Study of Principles of Control and Pronominal Reference in Child English

Au partir d'une etude longitudinale de neuf mois sur 15 enfants âges de 3 a 10 ans, les auteurs ont etudie le developpement des principes de controle grammatical. Ils ont teste des hypotheses concernant les strategies d'interpretation et examine la connaissance de la reference pronominale et de la coreference adverbiale. Cette etude permet de valider la theorie du developpement grammatical chez les enfants
Exploring the relationship between emotional intelligence and academic achievement in African American female college students.

This study investigated the relationship between emotional intelligence factors and academic achievement in academically successful African American female college students. A purposive sample of 60 successful undergraduate female African American college students at local colleges and universities in a mid-Atlantic area were asked to voluntarily participate in this research study. Participants were asked to complete quantitative testing instruments which included: (1) the Subject Demographic Survey, (2) the Mayer-Salovey-Caruso Emotional Intelligence Test, (3) the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Test: Short and (4) the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test, Second Edition. Next, in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with twenty academically successful college-aged African American females to clarify understanding and supplement findings presented in the quantitative portion of the study. The methodology chosen solicited the students' perceptions about emotional intelligence as they relate to academic achievement. Quantitative findings from the current study revealed: (1) no statistically significant correlation between African American female college students' emotional intelligence level and their academic performance (GPA); (2) a weak correlation between Stress Management [a component of emotional intelligence] and the academic performance (GPA) of African American female college students and (3) no statistically significant difference between African American female college students' emotional intelligence level and their academic level. Qualitative findings from the current study provided explanatory power behind the quantitative findings because the qualitative interviews captured the components of the Bar-On Emotional Quotient Test: Short. The qualitative data also provided explanatory power beyond the quantitative findings in four additional themes: (1) a sense of identity as a woman, (2) association with African American heritage, (3) family structure or responsibility within the family structure, and (4) community connectedness and obligations. It is important to further search the literature for instruments more sensitive to the relationship between emotional intelligence factors and academic achievement. Suggestions are made regarding curriculum development, the advising of students and student growth and development. Recommendations are made to replicate: (1) the study in another urban setting, (2) the study in a rural area and (3) the study using successful African American male college students in a similar environment.
Internet Addiction among Adolescence.

Each innovation brings along many risks. One of the risks related with the Internet use is Internet addiction. The aim of this study is to examine Internet addiction in adolescence in terms of gender, Internet access at home and grades. The research design used was survey method. The study population consisted of second stage students attending primary school in Konya in 2010-2011 education years. To form the sample, 3 primary schools from high, medium and low socio-economic level were randomly chosen. The sample group was composed of 300 [150 (50%) females; 150 (50%) males; 6th graders (n: 110, 36.7%), 7th graders (n: 118, 39.3%) and 8th graders (n: 72, 24%)]; age range was between 13 to 15. The findings of the study showed that adolescent males are more addicted to the Internet compared to females; 8th graders are more addicted to the Internet compared to the 6th graders; and adolescents who have computers at home are more inclined to be Internet addicts. Key words: Internet, addiction, adolescence.