Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CEO Commitment to the Status Quo: Replication and Extension Using Content Analysis

A limited number of studies have identified multilevel determinants of chief executive officer (CEO) commitment to the status quo (CSQ). Using an unintrusive measure of CEO CSQ developed through computer-aided content analyses of CEO letters to shareholders, this study confirmed that determinants of CEO CSQ are multilevel, including factors at the individual (CEO age and tenure), organizational (size and financial slack), and industry (extent of industry discretion) levels of analysis. In addition, as an important extension to prior research, the authors find that CEO CSQ is associated with future performance changes depending on a firm’s industry environment. They find that in high-discretion industries, firms whose CEOs are committed to the status quo suffer future financial and market performance declines as compared with their competitors, whereas such performance deterioration does not occur in low-discretion environments. Indeed, when future performance is market based and measured as Tobin’s Q, the authors find that compared with competitors, a firm’s performance actually improves in low-discretion industries if its CEO is committed to the status quo.
Investigating the Effect of the In-service Training on the Performance of Welfare Organization Employees of Khorasan Razavi Province

Organizations are composed of significant elements including: human force, technology and management, of which, most scholars believe that human force is the most important because performance of the organization is dependent on the right working of the employees. As a result, it is urgent to provide a regular and continuous system for training the personnel. This is an application research of which society includes all permanent and contract Welfare organization employees of Khorasan province of 2010. The number of the society is 1025 people according to the human force announcement. Using available sampling method, the sample size was determined as 200 people. Investigation tools include three evaluation forms (learning level evaluation form, form of reporting the way respondents act toward the training program, Kirkpartick 3-level evaluation form). In order to analyze the data, t-test and multi-variable regression tests of SPSS were used in this research. Totally, the personnel of the studied organization were satisfied by the in-service training courses. Results show that the knowledge level of the personnel is raised after the training program and their performance is increased. It is also concluded that performance level of male is higher than female personnel of the studied organization.
Chronic Peripheral Hyperinsulinemia in Type 1 Diabetic Patients After Successful Combined Pancreas-Kidney Transplantation Does Not Affect Ectopic Lipid Accumulation in Skeletal Muscle and Liver

OBJECTIVE So far it is unclear whether chronic peripheral hyperinsulinemia per se might contribute to ectopic lipid accumulation and consequently insulin resistance. We investigated the effects of systemic instead of portal insulin release in type 1 diabetic patients after successful pancreas-kidney transplantation (PKT) with systemic venous drainage on the intracellular lipid content in liver and soleus muscle, endogenous glucose production (EGP), and insulin sensitivity. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In nine PKT patients and nine matching nondiabetic control subjects, intrahepatocellular lipids (IHCLs) and intramyocellular lipids (IMCLs) were measured using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Fasting EGP was measured using d-[6,6-2H2]glucose tracer dilution. A 3-h 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) allowed us to assess kinetics of glucose, free fatty acids, insulin, and C-peptide concentrations in plasma and to calculate the clamp-like index (CLIX) for insulin sensitivity and the hepatic insulin resistance (HIR) index. RESULTS The PKT patients displayed approximately twofold increased fasting insulin (20 ± 6 vs. 9 ± 3 μU/ml; P < 0.0002) compared with that in nondiabetic control subjects and ∼10% increased fasting glucose (P < 0.02) concentrations, but during the OGTT areas under the concentration curves of C-peptide and insulin were similar. IHCL (PKT, 2.9 ± 2.5%; nondiabetic control subjects, 4.4 ± 6.6%), IMCL (PKT, 1.0 ± 0.4%; nondiabetic control subjects, 1.0 ± 0.5%), CLIX (PKT, 8 ± 2; nondiabetic control subjects, 7 ± 3), HIR (PKT, 25.6 ± 13.2; nondiabetic control subjects, 35.6 ± 20 [mg · min−1 · kg−1] × [μU/ml]), and EGP (PKT, 1.6 ± 0.2; nondiabetic control subjects, 1.7 ± 0.2 mg · min−1 · kg−1) were comparable between PKT patients and nondiabetic control subjects. IHCL was negatively correlated with CLIX in all participants (r = −0.55; P < 0.04). CONCLUSIONS Despite fasting peripheral hyperinsulinemia because of systemic venous drainage, type 1 diabetic patients after PKT show similar IHCL, IMCL, insulin sensitivity, and fasting EGP in comparison with nondiabetic control subjects. These results suggest that systemic hyperinsulinemia per se does not cause ectopic lipid accumulation in liver and skeletal muscle.
Parahippocampal and Entorhinal Resection Extent Predicts Verbal Memory Decline in an Epilepsy Surgery Cohort

The differential contribution of medial-temporal lobe regions to verbal declarative memory is debated within the neuroscience, neuropsychology, and cognitive psychology communities. We evaluate whether the extent of surgical resection within medial-temporal regions predicts longitudinal verbal learning and memory outcomes. This single-center retrospective observational study involved patients with refractory temporal lobe epilepsy undergoing unilateral anterior temporal lobe resection from 2007 to 2015. Thirty-two participants with Engel Class 1 and 2 outcomes were included (14 left, 18 right) and followed for a mean of 2.3 years after surgery (±1.5 years). Participants had baseline and postsurgical neuropsychological testing and high-resolution T1-weighted MRI scans. Postsurgical lesions were manually traced and coregistered to presurgical scans to precisely quantify resection extent of medial-temporal regions. Verbal learning and memory change scores were regressed on hippocampal, entorhinal, and parahippocampal resection volume after accounting for baseline performance. Overall, there were no significant differences in learning and memory change between patients who received left and right anterior temporal lobe resection. After controlling for baseline performance, the extent of left parahippocampal resection accounted for 27% (p = .021) of the variance in verbal short delay free recall. The extent of left entorhinal resection accounted for 37% (p = .004) of the variance in verbal short delay free recall. Our findings highlight the critical role that the left parahippocampal and entorhinal regions play in recall for verbal material.
Electromagnetic exposure assessment for telecommunication equipements using RF dosimeter

The correct evaluation of human exposure to electromagnetic fields is necessary in daily life because of the increase in RF devices and their proximity to the user. This assessment can be performed by using a personal dosimeter which measures the level of the electromagnetic field with the presence of the human body. The aim of this work is to present a correction law to reduce the measurements errors of a RF dosimeter due to the presence of the human body. To evaluate the performance of this law we used two errors: the Body Reflection Errors and Body Shadowing Errors. Two approaches combining electric and magnetic fields are studied in near and far field situations. Simulation results show that the application of the proposed correction law, which uses two diametrically opposite measuring point around the body, significantly reduces measurement error. Assessing the human exposure in near and far fields situations reassures users and especially the workers they are in an environment that respect the laws and standards of exposure to electromagnetic waves.
On the construction of multiple-valued decision diagrams

Decision diagrams are the state-of-the-art representation for logic functions, both binary and multiple-valued. We consider ways to improve the construction of multiple-valued decision diagrams (MDD). Efficiency is achieved through the use of a simple computed table. We compare the use of recursive MIN and MAX as primitive operations in multiple-valued decision diagram construction to the MV-CASE primitive which is a generalization of the if-then-else (ITE) commonly used in binary DD packages. We also consider the use of cyclic negations and complements as MDD edge operations showing that for certain types of functions this approach can lead to significant reduction in MDD node count. They can also reduce the number of primitives that need to be explicitly implemented. Experimental results showing the efficiency of the proposed approaches are given. The direct implementation of MDDs is briefly compared to representing MDDs using a BDD package.
Happy as an Extraverted Clam?

Personality characteristics, especially the traits of extraversion and neuroticism, have been proposed as the primary determinant of subjective wellbeing (SWB). Meta-analytic evidence presented here suggests that personality is indeed strongly related with SWB, and that only health is more strongly correlated with SWB. In a study of 137 personality traits that have been correlated with SWB, neuroticism was one of the strongest negative correlates of SWB. However, extraversion was not the primary factor associated with increased SWB. Rather, several personality characteristics that focus on the characteristic experience of emotions, on enhancing relationships, and on one's characteristic style of explaining the causes of life events are most intimately tied to SWB.
MINA - a tool for MSC-based performance analysis and simulation of distributed systems

Performance analysis can help to address quantitative system analysis from the early stages of the system development life cycle, e.g., to compare design alternatives or to identify system bottlenecks. This thesis addresses the problem of performance evaluation of distributed systems by employing a viewpoint where analytical and simulative evaluation techniques are unified in the MINA tool to make use of both techniques. We suggest a modelling tool chain to evaluate the performance of distributed systems like computer and communication systems based on an MSC description of the system. MSC-based performance evaluation of distributed systems is an approach that uses performance models, which are based on an MSC description of a system to evaluate system performance measures. To determine the system performance, these descriptions can be extended by notions for time consumption and resource usage and afterwards be included in a system performance model. Based on this unique model specification, analytical as well as simulative techniques can be applied to achieve either quick mean value results by queueing networks analysis or confidence intervals or transient measures by simulation. The applicability to real world systems and the advantages of the tool has been demonstrated by a large application example in the field of mobile communication systems, and its effectiveness has been evaluated by comparing it with other approaches. The experimental results show that the tool is scalable, the way it can model simple as well as complex systems. Moreover, it is straightforward and has the ability to find reasonable solutions in an efficient manner.
Predictive models for cochlear implantation in elderly candidates.

OBJECTIVE An aging American population carries a high prevalence of profound sensorineural hearing loss. We examined the performance of multichannel cochlear implant recipients in a large database of adult subjects. DESIGN Nonconcurrent prospective study of a national cohort with multivariate regression analysis of preoperative and postoperative performance variables in multichannel cochlear implant recipients. We applied models of prediction established in previous studies to the observed results. SETTING Referral centers with active cochlear implant programs. PATIENTS Adolescents and adults with profound hearing loss (N = 749; age range, 14-91 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Postoperative monosyllabic word recognition. RESULTS The population 65 years and older demonstrated a clinically insignificant 4.6%-smaller postoperative word score compared with the population younger than 65 years. When duration of deafness exceeded 25 years, elderly recipients demonstrated higher word scores than their younger counterparts. A more significant factor affecting outcomes is the ratio of duration of deafness to age at implantation. CONCLUSIONS Age at implantation carried relatively little predictive value for postoperative performance in subjects 65 years and older. Although a small decrement in mean speech recognition scores was evident, the clinical significance of this difference is questionable when all of the results observed in elderly patients are considered. A shorter percentage of life spent in severe-to-profound sensorineural hearing loss suggests a foundation of acoustic/auditory processing in the elderly cohort that may mitigate potential physiological effects associated with advanced age. This study confirms and extends previous observations that duration of profound deafness and residual speech recognition carry higher predictive value than the age at which an individual receives an implant.
Occupational stress and mental well-being in a cohort of Black South African teachers

This study explored levels of occupational stress and mental well-being of a cohort of Black South African teachers. 200 secondary school teachers completed the Teacher Stress Inventory (TSI: Boyle, Borg, Falzon, & Baglion, 1995), General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28: Goldberg & Hillier, 1979) and Mental Health Continuum-Short Form (MHC-SF: Keyes, 2006). Correlations and Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) were used to determine the levels of occupational stress and well-being of participants, and to establish the relation between these variables. A significant majority of the teachers reported high levels of mental health (flourishing) despite high levels of teacher stress. These results show teachers’ ability to withstand and cope with stress whilst maintaining their mental health. This suggests the presence of protective factors that mediate the effect of work-related stressors and, in so doing, contribute to the teachers’ levels of resilience.
Transfer of learning and the cultural matrix: the interrelationship of culture, beliefs, and learning

This study, conducted in an international college in Thailand, aimed to understand the transfer of learning from an undergraduate academic literacy programme to the disciplines. In so doing, it adopted a cultural matrix to investigate the interrelationship among students’ perceptions of transfer of learning, their personal beliefs about knowledge, knowing and learning, and their secondary school backgrounds. A three-part questionnaire, supplemented by purposive semistructured interviews, was used to collect data from all consenting students from the final course in a four-trimester programme. The first part of the questionnaire employed the Epistemic Beliefs Inventory (EBI) in gauging students’ beliefs about knowing and learning, the second part comprised the Measure of Academic Literacy (MALT) , which measure students’ perceptions of transfer of learning from the academic literacy programme to the disciplines, and the third part of the questionnaire surveyed students’ demographic details, specifically with regard to their secondary school context. Data were then analysed to establish the interrelationship between these data sets. Open-ended questions to the MALT section of the questionnaire were analysed, and, in order to illustrate and further understand the data analysis from the questionnaire, trained interviewers conducted semi-structured interviews. Initial, factorial analysis of the EBI indicated a factor structure that differed from that of the US origins of the instrument, suggesting a relationship between culture and beliefs. While analysis indicated a significant low-moderate relationship between students’ beliefs about knowledge and learning and the transfer of learning, no such association was detected between the beliefs and students’ secondary school background. The students’ multicultural backgrounds, coupled with ambivalent beliefs, may provide an explanation for this. The findings, thus,give partial support for the application of the cultural matrix to transfer of learning. The study makes an original contribution by applying the cultural matrix to learning in a previously unexplored way. In so doing, it aims to generate a general theory of transfer of learning while fostering a culturally pluralistic understanding of learners’ beliefs about knowledge and learning and the implications for such transfer. It also advocates an approach that supplements existing classroom-specific pedagogical methods with school-wide cultural management initiatives in order to better effect transfer of learning.
Affordances and constraints in the context of teacher collaboration for the purpose of data use

Purpose – An increasing number of schools and districts across the US are requiring teachers to collaborate for the purpose of data‐driven decision making. Research suggests that both data use and teacher collaboration are important ingredients in the school improvement process. Existing studies also reveal the complexities of teacher collaboration and the importance of context in shaping teachers’ collaborative work, especially with data. Yet, the intersection of teacher collaboration and data use has been understudied. The purpose of this paper is to examine the affordances and constraints that exist in the context of established teacher collaboration time for the purposes of data‐driven decision making.Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws upon qualitative case study data gathered in six schools that structured teacher time for collaboration on data use.Findings – An analysis of the data revealed that a variety of leadership activities and organizational conditions shaped teachers’ collaborativ.
Emotion perceived and emotion felt: Same or different?

A distinction is made between emotion perception, that is, to perceive emotional expression in music without necessarily being affected oneself, and emotion induction, that is, listeners’ emotional response to music. This distinction is not always observed, neither in everyday conversation about emotions, nor in scientific papers. Empirical studies of emotion perception are briefly reviewed with regard to listener agreement concerning expressed emotions, followed by a selective review of empirical studies on emotional response to music. Possible relationships between emotion perception and emotional response are discussed and exemplified: positive relationship, negative relationship, no systematic relationship and no relationship. It is emphasised that both emotion perception and, especially, emotional response are dependent on an interplay between musical, personal, and situational factors. Some methodological questions and suggestions for further research are discussed.
Intergroup perception in naturally occurring groups of differential status : A social relations perspective

This study investigated intergroup perception in well-acquainted groups. Also of interest were the effects of a naturally occurring status differential on these perceptions. The study is framed within the social relations model, which provides a measure of in-group bias as well as 3 innovative measures of out-group homogeneity. Results indicated that low-status groups consistently displayed out-group favoritism. High-status groups displayed in-group bias, but only on ratings of leadership ability. The results also provided consistent evidence of out-group homogeneity. In instances when group status moderated out-group homogeneity effects, members of the high-status groups perceived their in-group as more variable than the out-group, whereas members of the low-status groups tended to see the in-group and out-group as equally variable.
Lymphoma-Like T Cell Infiltration in Liver Is Associated with Increased Copy Number of Dominant Negative Form of TGFβ Receptor II

Hepatosplenic T cell lymphoma (HSTCL) is a distinct and lethal subtype of peripheral T cell lymphoma with an aggressive course and poor outcome despite multiagent chemotherapy. Contradictory literature, an unknown etiology, and poor response to treatment highlight the need to define the malignant process and identify molecular targets with potential for successful therapeutic interventions. Herein, we report that mice homozygously expressing a dominant negative TGFβRII (dnTGFβRII) under the control of the CD4 promoter spontaneously develop lymphoma-like T cell infiltration involving both spleen and liver. Splenomegaly, hepatomegaly and liver dysfunction were observed in homozygous dnTGFβRII mice between 10 weeks and 10 months of age associated with a predominant infiltration of CD4−CD8−TCRβ+NK1.1+ or CD8+TCRβ+NK1.1− T cell subsets. Notch 1 and c-Myc expression at the mRNA levels were significantly increased and positively correlated with the cell number of lymphoid infiltrates in the liver of dnTGFβRII homozygous compared to hemizygous mice. Further, 2×104 isolated lymphoma-like cells transplant disease by adoptive cell transfers. Collectively, our data demonstrate that increased copy number of dnTGFβRII is critical for development of lymphoma-like T cell infiltration.
A study of the association between classroom practice and philosophy science amongst A-level biology teachers in Harare, Zimbabwe

Abstract This paper reports a small-scale investigation into the classroom practice and the philosophy of science (PoS) of thirty three A-level biology teachers in Harare, Zimbabwe. Data was collected through a survey questionnaire and structured classroom observations in biology theory and practical lessons. Analysis of the biology teachers' responses to the PoS items gave 5 different teacher clusters. Patterns in the data show the differences in clusters' PoS were associated with aspects of the clusters' differences in classroom practice. The clusters which were significantly less process oriented, less positivist and less inductivist in PoS, had classroom practices that were more teacher centred in theory lessons. In practical lessons these same teachers demonstrated what had to be done and then left students to do it. Interestingly, an association between PoS and the working conditions of the teachers, their academic training and professional qualification, is also apparent in the data.