Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of Maternal Serum Magnesium Level in Pre-eclampsia and Normal Pregnant Women

Background: Preeclampsia is a pregnancy multisystem disorder of unknown etiology. It is a significant cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Objectives: Due to the significant role of magnesium in physiological regulation of blood pressure, this study was conducted to measure the level of magnesium in pre-eclampsia and control groups since the beginning of the pregnancy. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 500 pregnant women with gestational age of 18-22 weeks who had referred to the Section of Obstetrics and Gynecology of Hafez hospital of Shiraz. Initially, blood samples were obtained from all subjects. 26 cases with diagnosis of preeclampsia were detected at the next referral. For each case, two normal pregnant women, at the same gestational age, were considered as the control group. The second blood samples were obtained from all the cases and controls. All of the samples were sent to check the level of magnesium. The data was analyzed with the SPSS and Student’s t-test. Results: The initial level of magnesium in pre-eclampsia women was not only significantly less than the control group (1.81 ± 0.25 mg/dl vs. 2.3 ± 0.44 mg/dl, P < 0.001), but also the secondary level was low, when the diagnosis was confirmed (1.72 ± 0.38 mg/dl vs. 2.2 ± 0.63 mg/dl, P < 0.05). Conclusions: We found a gradual decrease in mean serum magnesium level with increasing period of gestation in the pre-eclampsia women. This implicates that the level of magnesium in preeclampsia was lower than the control group since the beginning of pregnancy. According to our results, checking the level of magnesium should be considered as the predicting factor of preeclampsia during the first evaluation of pregnancy.
Understanding crisis and crisis management: an Indian perspective

This study explored individual perceptions of the concept of crisis and the strategies used to manage crisis events. Situated in the national Indian cultural context, this exploratory qualitative study addressed three questions: How do individuals from the Indian national culture define a crisis? How do individuals from the Indian national culture manage a crisis? What impact does the Indian national culture have on individual approaches to crisis management? Interview data were collected from 66 Indian participants with a focus on critical incidents related to crises. The findings from a thematic analysis revealed that, despite sharing the same national cultural heritage, the participants perceived crises very differently, and their approaches to crisis management could be classified into three categories: fighting, compromising, and avoiding. Further, culture influenced the strategies participants adopted to manage their perceived crises, and national cultural norms that bound the society were given the utmost importance by the participants.
Factors Influencing on Burnout Experience in Working Nurses at Hospital

This study was designed to examine the factors that influence the burnout of nurses practice healthcare in a hospital setting. Subjects for this study were 245 nurses working at University K hospital in Seoul, Korea. Data for this study was collected from 15 to 27 April, 2002. The data collection instruments used for this study are as follows: Maslach Burnout Inventory(1981), Orientation to Life Questionnaire(Sense of Coherence, SOC) by Antonovsky (1987) and Modified Coping Resources Inventory developed by author. The analysis of the data was completed using the descriptive, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, and stepwise multiple regression using the SAS program software. The results of this study were as follows: 1. Total mean score of burnout was 4.0. Mean scores of the subscales were; emotional exhausion 4.7, personalization 3.7, and personal accomplishment 3.4. 2. Significant statistical differences according to demographic characteristics of the subjects were found in the variables of age, job position, years of working, perceived job stress, and burnout. 3. Burnout was negatively related to sense of coherence(r=-.65) and coping resources (r=-.40); subscales of SOC of comprehensibility(r=-.57), manageability (r= -.55), and meaningfulness(r= -.52); subscales of coping of self-care(r=-.36), and cognitive coping(r=-.39). 4. Job stress was the highest factor influence burnout. Sixty-one percent of the total variance of burnout was experienced by variables of comprehensibility, meaningfulness, age, self-care, manageability and leisure activities including job stress. In conclusion, it was found that a low level of burnout was related to high scores of SOC and coping resources. Job stress, manageability, and meaningfulness were the highest factors influencing the level of subscale of emotional exhausion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Therefore, it is necessary to search for strategies to promote SOC and coping resources for reducing the level of burnout of nurses.
High Confidence Intervals Applied to Aircraft Altitude Prediction

This paper describes the application of high-confidence-interval prediction methods to the aircraft trajectory prediction problem, more specifically to the altitude prediction during climb. We are interested in methods for finding two-sided intervals that contain, with a specified confidence, at least a desired proportion of the conditional distribution of the response variable. This paper introduces two-sided Bonferroni-quantile confidence intervals, which is a new method for obtaining high-confidence two-sided intervals in quantile regression. This paper also uses the Bonferroni inequality to propose a new method for obtaining tolerance intervals in least squares regression. The latter has the advantages of being reliable, fast, and easy to calculate. We compare physical point-mass models to the introduced models on an air traffic management data set composed of traffic at major French airports. Experimental results show that the proposed interval prediction models perform significantly better than the conventional point-mass model currently used in most trajectory predictors. When comparing with a recent state-of-the-art point-mass model with adaptive mass estimation, the proposed methods give altitude intervals that are slightly wider but more reliable.
Improved Throughput over Wirelines with Adaptive MC-DS-CDMA

In this paper, we present a finite-granularity loading algorithm for multicarrier direct sequence code division multiple access (MC-DS-CDMA). The resulting adaptive scheme represents an extension of classical digital multitone (DMT) with spreading in the time domain. The presented algorithm assigns subcarriers, spreading codes, bits and energy per code in order to maximize the data rate in a single user network, or to maximize the minimum data rate in a multiuser network. The optimization is realized at a target symbol error rate and for a given power spectral density (PSD). Optimal allocation is performed through analytical study, and simulation results of the new scheme are presented in single user digital subscriber line (DSL) and multiuser power line communication (PLC) contexts. Compared to DMT, it is shown that the time spreading component of MC-DS-CDMA system yields throughput improvement against a weak increase of complexity
Observations of the Hubble Deep Field with the Infrared Space Observatory - II. Source detection and photometry

We present positions and fluxes of point sources found in the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO) images of the Hubble Deep Field (HDF) at 6.7 and 15 μrn. We have constructed algorithmically selected ‘complete’ flux-limited samples of 19 sources in the 15-μm image, and seven sources in the 6.7-μm image. The typical flux limit at 15 μrn is <0.2 mJy and at 6.7 μrn is ∼0.04 mJy. We have selected ‘supplementary’ samples of three sources at 15 μurn and 20 sources at 6.7 μm by eye. We discuss the completeness and reliability of the connected pixel source detection algorithm used, by comparing the intrinsic and estimated properties of simulated data, and also by estimating the noise properties of the real data. The most pessimistic estimate of the number of spurious sources in the ‘complete’ samples is one at 15 μrn and two at 6.7 μrn, and in the ‘supplementary’ lists is one at 15 μrn and five at 6.7 μ. m.
When do we offer more support than we seek? A behavioral replication and developmental extension

Beck and Clark (2009) found self-report evidence that adults are more likely to offer support to a potential friend than to seek identical support from that potential friend, but that this asymmetry between offering and seeking support weakens among close friends. The present study sought to behaviorally replicate these findings in adults as well as to explore the developmental emergence of this phenomenon by examining when children would display similar patterns of offering and seeking support. Four-year-olds, 6-year-olds, 8-year-olds, and adults were given opportunities to offer or request identical support from peers. Sometimes participants were close friends; sometimes they were potential friends. The findings for adults’ support behaviors replicated previous self-report findings. Adults were more likely to offer support than to request identical support from potential friends, whereas adults were just as likely to request support as they were to offer support to close friends; 8-year-olds showed a similar pattern of behaviors. However, 4- and 6-year-olds did not distinguish between potential and close friends; they were just as likely to request support as they were to offer support to both potential and close friends. The discussion highlights the importance of understanding how these support processes unfold in new, developing relationships compared to in close, established relationships, as well as of understanding when these processes might emerge during childhood.
Leadership Complexity While Navigating a Complex Conflict: Linking Individual Attributes with Dynamic Decision-Making Processes

Leadership Complexity While Navigating a Complex Conflict: Linking Individual Attributes with Dynamic Decision-Making Processes Nicholas Redding Research on dynamical systems theory has demonstrated the vital role that higher levels of complexity play in the constructive management of complex conflicts. Requisite complexity theory proposes that there are stable individual complexity attributes that contribute to a dynamic complexity process that allows an individual to more effectively engage with complex and dynamic decision-making scenarios over time. However, to date, no research has empirically tested the relationships between these attributes and patterns of thought, affect and behavior in individuals engaging with complex tasks. This research examined the relationships between five proposed individual complexity attributes – cognitive complexity, perceived emotional complexity, tolerance for ambiguity, consideration for future consequences and behavioral repertoire – and level of integrative complexity, complexity of emotional experience and patterns of decision making while engaging with a complex conflict resolution simulation. Results provide initial support for the requisite complexity model, with cognitive complexity, perceived emotional complexity, tolerance for ambiguity and consideration for future consequences all demonstrating predictive validity for various aspects of the dynamic decision-making process. Implications for theory and practice are discussed, along with proposed avenues for future research.
A Complete Quantitative Deduction System for the Bisimilarity Distance on Markov Chains

In this paper we propose a complete axiomatization of the bisimilarity distance of Desharnais et al. for the class of finite labelled Markov chains. Our axiomatization is given in the style of a quantitative extension of equational logic recently proposed by Mardare, Panangaden, and Plotkin (LICS 2016) that uses equality relations $t \equiv_\varepsilon s$ indexed by rationals, expressing that `$t$ is approximately equal to $s$ up to an error $\varepsilon$'. Notably, our quantitative deduction system extends in a natural way the equational system for probabilistic bisimilarity given by Stark and Smolka by introducing an axiom for dealing with the Kantorovich distance between probability distributions. The axiomatization is then used to propose a metric extension of a Kleene's style representation theorem for finite labelled Markov chains, that was proposed (in a more general coalgebraic fashion) by Silva et al. (Inf. Comput. 2011).
ONLINE COMMUNITY OF INQUIRY REVIEW: SOCIAL, COGNITIVE, AND TEACHING PRESENCE ISSUES

This paper explores four issues that have emerged from the research on social, cognitive and teaching presence in an online community of inquiry. The early research in the area of online communities of inquiry has raised several issues with regard to the creation and maintenance of social, cognitive and teaching presence that require further research and analysis. The other overarching issue is the methodological validity associated with the community of inquiry framework.The first issue is about shifting social presence from socio-emotional support to a focus on group cohesion (from personal to purposeful relationships). The second issue concerns the progressive development of cognitive presence (inquiry) from exploration to resolution. That is, moving discussion beyond the exploration phase. The third issue has to do with how we conceive of teaching presence (design, facilitation, direct instruction). More specifically, is there an important distinction betweenfacilitation and direct instruction? Finally, the methodological issue concerns qualitative transcript analysis and the validity of the coding protocol.
CFTR Mutations Spectrum and the Efficiency of Molecular Diagnostics in Polish Cystic Fibrosis Patients

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is caused by mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator gene (CFTR). In light of the strong allelic heterogeneity and regional specificity of the mutation spectrum, the strategy of molecular diagnostics and counseling in CF requires genetic tests to reflect the frequency profile characteristic for a given population. The goal of the study was to provide an updated comprehensive estimation of the distribution of CFTR mutations in Polish CF patients and to assess the effectiveness of INNOLiPA_CFTR tests in Polish population. The analyzed cohort consisted of 738 patients with the clinically confirmed CF diagnosis, prescreened for molecular defects using INNOLiPA_CFTR panels from Innogenetics. A combined efficiency of INNOLiPA CFTR_19 and CFTR_17_TnUpdate tests was 75.5%; both mutations were detected in 68.2%, and one mutation in 14.8% of the affected individuals. The group composed of all the patients with only one or with no mutation detected (109 and 126 individuals, respectively) was analyzed further using a mutation screening approach, i.e. SSCP/HD (single strand conformational polymorphism/heteroduplex) analysis of PCR products followed by sequencing of the coding sequence. As a result, 53 more mutations were found in 97 patients. The overall efficiency of the CF allele detection was 82.5% (7.0% increase compared to INNOLiPA tests alone). The distribution of the most frequent mutations in Poland was assessed. Most of the mutations repetitively found in Polish patients had been previously described in other European populations. The most frequent mutated allele, F508del, represented 54.5% of Polish CF chromosomes. Another eight mutations had frequencies over 1%, 24 had frequencies between 1 and 0.1%; c.2052-2053insA and c.3468+2_3468+3insT were the most frequent non-INNOLiPA mutations. Mutation distribution described herein is also relevant to the Polish diaspora. Our study also demonstrates that the reported efficiency of mutation detection strongly depends on the diagnostic experience of referring health centers.
Metaphor Comprehension: What Makes a Metaphor Difficult to Understand?

Comprehension difficulty was rated for metaphors of the form NOUN1 IS A NOUN2; in addition, participants completed frames of the form NOUN1 IS ________ with their literal interpretation of the metaphor. Metaphor comprehension was simulated with a computational model based on latent semantic analysis (LSA). The model matched participants' interpretations for both easy and difficult metaphors. When interpreting easy metaphors, both the participants and the model generated highly consistent responses. When interpreting difficult metaphors, both the participants and the model generated disparate responses.
Ecosystem Services in Decision Making: Time to Deliver

Over the past decade, efforts to value and protect ecosystem services have been promoted by many as the last, best hope for making conservation mainstream – attractive and commonplace worldwide. In theory, if we can help individuals and institutions to recognize the value of nature, then this should greatly increase investments in conservation, while at the same time fostering human well-being. In practice, however, we have not yet developed the scientific basis, nor the policy and finance mechanisms, for incorporating natural capital into resource- and land-use decisions on a large scale. Here, we propose a conceptual framework and sketch out a strategic plan for delivering on the promise of ecosystem services, drawing on emerging examples from Hawai‘i. We describe key advances in the science and practice of accounting for natural capital in the decisions of individuals, communities, corporations, and governments.
Efficient In Vitro and In Vivo Activity of Glyco-Engineered Plant-Produced Rabies Monoclonal Antibodies E559 and 62-71-3

Rabies is a neglected zoonotic disease that has no effective treatment after onset of illness. However the disease can be prevented effectively by prompt administration of post exposure prophylaxis which includes administration of passive immunizing antibodies (Rabies Immune Globulin, RIG). Currently, human RIG suffers from many restrictions including limited availability, batch-to batch inconsistencies and potential for contamination with blood-borne pathogens. Anti-rabies monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have been identified as a promising alternative to RIG. Here, we applied a plant-based transient expression system to achieve rapid, high level production and efficacy of the two highly potent anti-rabies mAbs E559 and 62-71-3. Expression levels of up to 490 mg/kg of recombinant mAbs were obtained in Nicotiana benthamiana glycosylation mutants by using a viral based transient expression system. The plant-made E559 and 62-71-3, carrying human-type fucose-free N-glycans, assembled properly and were structurally sound as determined by mass spectrometry and calorimetric density measurements. Both mAbs efficiently neutralised diverse rabies virus variants in vitro. Importantly, E559 and 62-71-3 exhibited enhanced protection against rabies virus compared to human RIG in a hamster model post-exposure challenge trial. Collectively, our results provide the basis for the development of a multi-mAb based alternative to RIG.
Pre-Announcement Performance, Industry Membership, and Turnover of Top Managers in Canadian Takeover Targets

This study examines the pre-announcement performance of Canadian takeover targets and measures the relation between performance and the turnover rate of target firm top managers (Chief Executive Officers or Presidents) following the announcements. We find negative correlation between pre-announcement performance and the turnover rate. We find that the pre-announcement performance of targets that are paid exclusively in cash is significantly worse than the pre-announcement performance of targets that are paid by a combination of cash and securities of the bidder. In addition, we study the impact of the target’s industry membership and find the turnover rate varies significantly from one industry to another and it is particularly high for targets in the oil and gas industry.
Power laws in software

A single statistical framework, comprising power law distributions and scale-free networks, seems to fit a wide variety of phenomena. There is evidence that power laws appear in software at the class and function level. We show that distributions with long, fat tails in software are much more pervasive than previously established, appearing at various levels of abstraction, in diverse systems and languages. The implications of this phenomenon cover various aspects of software engineering research and practice.
Reprints Available Directly from the Publisher Photocopying Permitted by License Only Endoscopic Management of Pancreatic Pseudocysts

Recently, endoscopic interventional procedures were introduced for nonsurgical therapy of symptomatic pancreas pseudocysts. We reported 25 patients treated by endoscopic retrograde pancreas drainage (ERPD), endoscopic cystogastrostomy (ECG), or endosopic cystoduodenostomy (ECD). ERPD was performed in 9 patients by placement of a 5 Fr. or 7 Fr. endoprosthesis transpapillary into the cyst or the main pancreatic duct. ECG was carded out in 10 cases, in 7 of these, a double pigtail catheter was additionally inserted. Three patients suffering from pseudocysts of the pancreas head were treated by ECD. In a further 3 cases, ERPD and ECG were combined. All patients reported a dramatic reduction of pain with a simultaneous increase of appetite and body weight. The drainage tubes were removed after disappearance of symptoms, and abnormal clinical and endoscopic findings within 2 to 12 months. In 4 cases, a recurrence of the cyst was found 10 and 22 months later, in 3 cases the endoprostheses had to be renewed because of catheter occlusion or dislocation. 2 patient underwent surgical treatment after insufficient endoscopic drainage due to haemorrhage or recurrence. Endoscopic treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts yielded good results with low rates of recurrence and complications. According to our experiences we think endoscopic interventional techniques will oust surgery from its present dominant position in the next years.
Spectra of some self-exciting and mutually exciting point processes

SUMMARY In recent years methods of data analysis for point processes have received some attention, for example, by Cox & Lewis (1966) and Lewis (1964). In particular Bartlett (1963a,b) has introduced methods of analysis based on the point spectrum. Theoretical models are relatively sparse. In this paper the theoretical properties of a class of processes with particular reference to the point spectrum or corresponding covariance density functions are discussed. A particular result is a self-exciting process with the same second-order properties as a certain doubly stochastic process. These are not distinguishable by methods of data analysis based on these properties.