Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Mediation Model of Sexual Assault among Latter-Day Saints

ABSTRACT Socialization that occurs within some conservative Christian contexts might facilitate development of attitudes and beliefs that increase women’s risk for sexual assault. Patriarchal community structure and rigid gender role adherence place women in subordinate roles and maintain gender inequality. Within conservative, dogmatic contexts, comprehensive sex education and education about assault might be minimal, and rape myths are hypothesized to be more prevalent. This study assessed sexual assault experiences (victimization and perpetration) in a sample of 208 male and female college students affiliated with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (LDS). Women reported victimization of all forms of sexual coercion at higher rates than men reported perpetration. In addition, traditional gender role adherence mediated the link between dogmatic, religiously fundamentalist beliefs and acceptance of rape mythology for both men and women. Traditional gender role adherence also mediated the link between religious fundamentalism and sexual assault behaviors for men.
Unfolding of telecommuting's effects in organizations : performance, commitment, and mechanisms of action

ii Acknowledgements.iv Chapter I: Introduction.1 Telecommuting and Work Outcomes: Beneficial in Theory.3 Telecommuting and Job Performance.8 Telecommuting and Organizational Commitment. 9 Mediators of Telecommuting’s Relationships with Performance and Commitment.13 Differences in Effects of Telecommuting by Job Type.23 Chapter II: Method.24 Chapter III: Results.32 Chapter IV: Discussion.42 Tables.61 Figures.67 References.70 Appendix.87
Hubble Space Telescope NICMOS Imaging of the Core of M87

We present broadband 1.1, 1.6, and 2.2 μm images and a 2.37 μm narrowband image of the inner 19″ of the nearby radio galaxy M87, obtained with the Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer of the Hubble Space Telescope (HST). The isophotes of the broadband images are almost perfectly circular to within approximately 0. ″5 (∼50 pc) of the active nucleus, and an r1/4 law provides a good fit to the galaxy brightness profile at these wavelengths to within the same distance. This result agrees with predictions that the nuclear supermassive black hole will produce a nearly spherical distribution of the surrounding stars within a galaxy crossing time. A difference image formed from the 1.6 μm image and a V-band image obtained with the HST Wide Field Planetary Camera 2 does not show any clear evidence of a physically thick dusty torus around the nucleus, consistent with its lack of strong thermal mid-infrared emission. If such a torus is present, our data indicate its outer radius to be less than 50 pc. The infrared broadband colors and 2.37 μm image (which is sensitive to the strength of the stellar CO absorption) show no gradients to a distance of approximately 5″ (∼400 pc) from the nucleus and are consistent with a population dominated by late M giants, with no evidence of recent star formation. However, the globular clusters in this region are confirmed to consist of stars bluer than the underlying galaxy, indicating a different formation history. The images and associated colors also confirm that the regions beyond the nucleus do not contain strongly concentrated dust, in contrast to many other radio galaxies. In combination with other recent observations, these results indicate that M87 represents the dynamically evolved product of past galaxy mergers and suggest that its nucleus is in the final stages of activity.
Recurrence Quantification Analysis of Processes and Products of Discourse: A Tutorial in R

ABSTRACT Processes of naturalistic reading and writing are based on complex linguistic input, stretch-out over time, and rely on an integrated performance of multiple perceptual, cognitive, and motor processes. Hence, naturalistic reading and writing performance is nonstationary and exhibits fluctuations and transitions. However, instead of being just complications for the analysis of such data, they are also informative about cognitive change, fluency, and reading or writing skill. To use and quantify such dynamics, one needs appropriate statistics that capture these aspects. In this article I introduce Recurrence Quantification Analysis (RQA) as a tool to capture such dynamic structure. After a conceptual introduction of the analysis, I present a step-by-step tutorial on how to run RQA using R. Guidance is given with regard to common issues and best practices using this time-series analysis technique. Finally, I review previous results from studies applying RQA to reading and writing and summarize current hypotheses and interpretations of RQA measures in the context of reading and writing.
Lumbar Facet Joint Compressive Injury Induces Lasting Changes in Local Structure, Nociceptive Scores, and Inflammatory Mediators in a Novel Rat Model

Objective. To develop a novel animal model of persisting lumbar facet joint pain. Methods. Sprague Dawley rats were anaesthetized and the right lumbar (L5/L6) facet joint was exposed and compressed to ~1 mm with modified clamps applied for three minutes; sham-operated and naïve animals were used as control groups. After five days, animals were tested for hind-paw sensitivity using von Frey filaments and axial deep tissue sensitivity by algometer on assigned days up to 28 days. Animals were sacrificed at selected times for histological and biochemical analysis. Results. Histological sections revealed site-specific loss of cartilage in model animals only. Tactile hypersensitivity was observed for the ipsi- and contralateral paws lasting 28 days. The threshold at which deep tissue pressure just elicited vocalization was obtained at three lumbar levels; sensitivity at L1 > L3/4 > L6. Biochemical analyses revealed increases in proinflammatory cytokines, especially TNF-α, IL-1α, and IL-1β. Conclusions. These data suggest that compression of a facet joint induces a novel model of local cartilage loss accompanied by increased sensitivity to mechanical stimuli and by increases in inflammatory mediators. This new model may be useful for studies on mechanisms and treatment of lumbar facet joint pain and osteoarthritis.
A MULTILOCUS GENEALOGICAL APPROACH TO PHYLOGENETIC SPECIES RECOGNITION IN THE MODEL EUKARYOTE NEUROSPORA

Abstract To critically examine the relationship between species recognized by phylogenetic and reproductive compatibility criteria, we applied phylogenetic species recognition (PSR) to the fungus in which biological species recognition (BSR) has been most comprehensively applied, the well-studied genus Neurospora. Four independent anonymous nuclear loci were characterized and sequenced from 147 individuals that were representative of all described outbreeding species of Neurospora. We developed a consensus-tree approach that identified monophyletic genealogical groups that were concordantly supported by the majority of the loci, or were well supported by at least one locus but not contradicted by any other locus. We recognized a total of eight phylogenetic species, five of which corresponded with the five traditional biological species, and three of which were newly discovered. Not only were phylogenetic criteria superior to traditional reproductive compatibility criteria in revealing the full species diversity of Neurospora, but also significant phylogenetic subdivisions were detected within some species. Despite previous suggestions of hybridization between N. crassa and N. intermedia in nature, and the fact that several putative hybrid individuals were included in this study, no molecular evidence in support of recent interspecific gene flow or the existence of true hybrids was observed. The sequence data from the four loci were combined and used to clarify how the species discovered by PSR were related. Although species-level clades were strongly supported, the phylogenetic relationships among species remained difficult to resolve, perhaps due to conflicting signals resulting from differential lineage sorting.
Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears: Restoring Joint Kinematics by Tendon Transfers

Background: Tendon transfers can be a surgical treatment option in managing younger, active patients with massive irreparable rotator cuff tears. The purpose of this article is to provide an overview of the use of tendon transfers to treat massive irreparable rotator cuff tears and to summarize clinical outcomes. Methods: A selective literature search was performed and personal surgical experiences are reported. Results: Latissimus dorsi transfers have been used for many years in the management of posterosuperior rotator cuff tears with good reported clinical outcomes. It can be transferred without or with the teres major (L’Episcopo technique). Many surgical techniques have been described for latissimus dorsi transfer including single incision, double incision, and arthroscopically assisted transfer. Transfer of the pectoralis major tendon is the most common tendon transfer procedure performed for anterosuperior rotator cuff deficiencies. Several surgical techniques have been described, however transfer of the pectoralis major beneath the coracoid process has been found to most closely replicate the force vector that is normally provided by the intact subscapularis. Conclusion: Tendon transfers can be used successfully in the management of younger patients with massive irreparable rotator cuff tears and minimal glenohumeral arthritis. Improvements in clinical outcomes scores and range of motion have been demonstrated. This can delay arthroplasty, which is of particular importance for younger patients with high functional demands.
Business alignment in the procurement domain: a study of antecedents and determinants of supply chain performance

With organizations now placing an increasing amount on attention on the management of their supply chain activities, the role of Information Technology (IT) in supporting these operations has been put in the spotlight. In spite of extensive research examining how IT can be employed in various activities of supply chain management, the majority of studies are limited in identifying enablers and inhibitors of adoption. Empirical studies examining post-adoption conditions that facilitate performance improvement still remain scarce. In this study we focus on procurement as part of the supply chain management activities. We apply the business-IT alignment perspective to the domain of procurement, and examine how certain organizational factors impact the attainment of this state. Additionally, we research the effect that procurement alignment has on supply chain management performance. In order to do so, we apply Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis on a sample of 172 European companies. We find that firms that opt for a centralized governance structure, as well as larger firms, are more likely to attain a state of procurement alignment. Furthermore, our results empirically support the statement that procurement alignment is positively correlated with operational efficiency and competitive performance of the supply chain.
Rethinking the Relationship Between Ownership and Corporate Performance

We provide new evidence regarding the relationship between ownership and corporate performance by modelling the relationship between changes in these variables. The paper commences by confirming the results reported by Demsetz and Villalonga (2001) when modelling the relationship between ownership and performance levels. Fitting a generalised nonlinear model that nests models advanced previously does not provide support for the existence of non-linearity in the levels relationship documented by earlier research. We proceed to model changes in ownership as multi-dimensional and endogenously determined, modelling changes in blockholdings, changes in closely held shares and changes in performance as a joint endogenous system. GMM standard errors are calculated for both individual equations and for the joint system of the three endogenous variables. Results show that changes in performance, as measured by changes in Q, are highly positively statistically dependent on changes in blockholdings. This finding is consistent with increased blockholdings being associated with greater monitoring of management and an increased chance of a takeover attempt.
Several Distinct Polycomb Complexes Regulate and Co-Localize on the INK4a Tumor Suppressor Locus

Misexpression of Polycomb repressive complex 1 (PRC1) components in human cells profoundly influences the onset of cellular senescence by modulating transcription of the INK4a tumor suppressor gene. Using tandem affinity purification, we find that CBX7 and CBX8, two Polycomb (Pc) homologs that repress INK4a, both participate in PRC1-like complexes with at least two Posterior sex combs (Psc) proteins, MEL18 and BMI1. Each complex contains a single representative of the Pc and Psc families. In primary human fibroblasts, CBX7, CBX8, MEL18 and BMI1 are present at the INK4a locus and shRNA-mediated knockdown of any one of these components results in de-repression of INK4a and proliferative arrest. Sequential chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) reveals that CBX7 and CBX8 bind simultaneously to the same region of chromatin and knockdown of one of the Pc or Psc proteins results in release of the other, suggesting that the binding of PRC1 complexes is interdependent. Our findings provide the first evidence that a single gene can be regulated by several distinct PRC1 complexes and raise important questions about their configuration and relative functions.
Evaluating the Expression of Oct4 as a Prognostic Tumor Marker in Bladder Cancer

Objective(s) The key transcriptional regulator Oct4 is one of the self-renewal and differentiation-related factors in cancer stem cells, where it maintains "stemness" state. Cancer stem cells have been identified in a variety of solid malignancies. They are a small population of tumor cells with stem cell characteristics, which are a likely cause of relapse in cancer patients. Due to high incidence, mortality, and recurrence rates of bladder cancer and the necessity of accurate prediction of malignant behavior of the tumors, we evaluated the prognostic value of Oct4 expression in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues of bladder cancer. Materials and Methods In this study, Oct4 expression was evaluated in 52 (FFPE) tissues of bladder cancer. RNA extraction from samples of 30 patients from the archive of Labbafi-Nejad Medical Centre in Tehran was performed and Oct4 expression levels were examined by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. The intracellular distribution of Oct4 protein was also determined by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Results The results revealed a significant correlation between the expression level of Oct4 and the tumors’ grade and stage. A mostly cytoplasmic distribution of Oct4 protein was also confirmed by IHC. Conclusion All together, our data indicate that the expression level of Oct4 gene is correlated with the clinical and histopathological prognostic indexes of tumors and thus can be considered as a potential prognostic tumor marker.
Preferred Supramolecular Organization and Dimer Interfaces of Opioid Receptors from Simulated Self-Association

Substantial evidence in support of the formation of opioid receptor (OR) di-/oligomers suggests previously unknown mechanisms used by these proteins to exert their biological functions. In an attempt to guide experimental assessment of the identity of the minimal signaling unit for ORs, we conducted extensive coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of different combinations of the three major OR subtypes, i.e., μ-OR, δ-OR, and κ-OR, in an explicit lipid bilayer. Specifically, we ran multiple, independent MD simulations of each homomeric μ-OR/μ-OR, δ-OR/δ-OR, and κ-OR/κ-OR complex, as well as two of the most studied heteromeric complexes, i.e., δ-OR/μ-OR and δ-OR/κ-OR, to derive the preferred supramolecular organization and dimer interfaces of ORs in a cell membrane model. These simulations yielded over 250 microseconds of accumulated data, which correspond to approximately 1 millisecond of effective simulated dynamics according to established scaling factors of the CG model we employed. Analysis of these data indicates similar preferred supramolecular organization and dimer interfaces of ORs across the different receptor subtypes, but also important differences in the kinetics of receptor association at specific dimer interfaces. We also investigated the kinetic properties of interfacial lipids, and explored their possible role in modulating the rate of receptor association and in promoting the formation of filiform aggregates, thus supporting a distinctive role of the membrane in OR oligomerization and, possibly, signaling.
Contextual factors in lexical processing: the case of French Liaison

ABSTRACT Lower-level and higher-level processes during lexical recognition were investigated using ambiguous pseudo-noun cases related to liaisons in French. In phrases such as un onche and un nonche, the misalignment in the former liaison case produces an identical surface form as in the latter consonant-initial case, both [œ̃. nɔ̃ʃ], and two possible interpretations (onche, nonche) enter into competition. Quebec-French-speaking adults performed an implicit segmentation task testing the use of different factors. Results showed a dominant effect of syntactic category, with a general bias for vowel-initial interpretation when targets followed a determiner. The use of specific liaison acoustic cues for disambiguation was found for /z/ and /n/ only in adjective context. Liaison frequency and onset probability had no clear influence. Thus, the contextual knowledge of liaison-causing words is crucial for lexical recognition. These findings are consistent with the predictions of the hierarchy proposed by Mattys, White, and Melhorn (2005).
Three-dimensional magnetic field structure of six parsec-scale active galactic nuclei jets

The parsec-scale Faraday rotation measure (RM) distribution of six 'blazars' (0954+658, 1156+295, 1418+546, 1749+096, 2007+777 and 2200+420) are investigated using multifrequency (4.6, 5.1, 7.9, 8.9, 12.9, 15.4, 22 and 43 GHz) polarization observations with the American Very Long Baseline Array taken on 2006 July 2. Analysis of the RM provides the direction of the line-of-sight (LoS) magnetic field component, as well as the intrinsic (unrotated) two-dimensional polarization distribution on the plane of the sky. Our results show that the magnitude of the core RM increases systematically with frequency, and is well described by a power law, where |RM core | ∝ v a . Our measured values of a vary from 0.9 to 3.8, providing information on the assumed power-law fall-off in the electron density (n e ) with distance from the central engine (r) for each source. RM gradients were detected across the jets of 0954+658, 1156+295 and 1418+546, supporting the presence of helical magnetic fields in a sheath or boundary layer surrounding their jets. We find a bi-modal distribution of the intrinsic jet polarization orientation, with the polarization angles either aligned or orthogonal to the jet direction. The polarization of 2200+420 displays a continuous structure, with the polarization angles remaining aligned with the jet direction even as it bends. This indicates that the magnetic field structure in the synchrotron emitting plasma is dominated by an ordered transverse component. A helical magnetic field geometry can neatly explain both the bi-model distribution of the jet polarization orientation and the ordered polarization structure on these scales. For 0954+658, 1418+546 and 2200+420, we find that the core RM changes sign with distance from the central engine. We provide an explanation for this by considering a boundary layer of Faraday rotating material threaded by a helical magnetic field, where bends in the relativistic jet or accelerating/decelerating flows give rise to changes in the dominant LoS components of the magnetic field, which in turn gives rise to different signs of the RM.
Increasing Physical Activity in Individuals With Autism

This study investigated the outcomes of an intervention package on participation in tWo physical activities: snoWshoeing and Walking/jogging. Three male secondary school students Who had been diagnosed With autism and Were attending a school for students With intellectual disabilities participated in a 6-month outdoor physical activity program. The authors used a changing conditions design; the program Was divided into six phases by the amount of edible reinforcers provided during sessions. A self-monitoring board, verbal cuing, and edible reinforcers Were used in the study. Distance snoWshoed, Walked, and jogged per 30-min session increased as edible and verbal reinforcement decreased. The results suggest that interventions can be developed to promote sustained participation in physical activity for individuals With autism.
Learning local features for age estimation on real-life faces

In this paper, we investigate age estimation on real-life faces acquired in unconstrained conditions. This is a challenging but relatively understudied problem, with interesting applications in many areas (e.g., visual surveillance). We use the large dataset recently collected in (Gallagher and Chen, 2009). Appearance features, including Local Binary Patterns (LBP) and Gabor features are exploited as face representation. We adopt Adaboost to learn the discriminative local features. More specifically, we propose to learn the discriminative LBP-Histogram bins for face age estimation. Our experiments illustrate Support Vector Machines (SVM) based on the boosted features outperform the methods in (Gallagher and Chen 2009), achieving reasonable performance given the difficulty of the dataset.
Soft-switching three-phase PWM inverter architecture utilizing coupling switches between input and output stage

Power converters for renewable energy systems are expected to have a high lifetime, low costs and a very high efficiency over a wide input power and voltage range (e.g. for photovoltaic and fuel cells). Al­though very high efficiencies can be achieved with hard-switched power converters operating with state of the art semiconductors, hard-switching results in several disadvantages such as conducted emissions. In addition, the switching frequency is limited to maintain a high efficiency, although a low switching frequency results in a higher required energy storage. In this paper, a three-phase PWM inverter architec­ture for photovoltaic or fuel cell inverter is presented, which has a wide input voltage range and achieves Zero Voltage Switching (ZVS) for all inverter switches at all operation points. This has been obtained by introducing coupling switches between input and output stage, which also reduce conduction losses. It is shown that, auxiliary passive components are not required.