Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A 15‐year retrospective study on the prevalence of onychomycosis in psoriatic vs non‐psoriatic patients: A new European shift from dermatophytes towards yeast

Because of their similar clinical presentation, discrimination between nail psoriasis and onychomycosis often is difficult. We aim to investigate the actual frequency of onychomycosis in psoriatic patients and to compare it between psoriatic and non‐psoriatic patients. This retrospective study included a total of 9281 patients, referring to our Mycology Laboratory from September 2003 to May 2018. The patients are divided into two groups: PsoGroup (patients with psoriasis) and non‐PsoGroup (non‐psoriatic patient). Direct microscopic examination with 20% KOH and culture was carried out in both groups. In PsoGroup (711 patients, 59.50% female, 40.50% male, median age of 52.22 ± 15.01), the prevalence of onychomycosis was 49.08%. On the other hand, in non‐PsoGroup (8570 patients (71.65% female, 28.35% male, median age of 48.51 ± 19.31 years), the prevalence of onychomycosis was 51.30%. There was no statistically significant difference between the prevalence of onychomycosis in PsoGroup 49.08% (349/711) compared to 51.30% (4397/8570) of non‐PsoGroup (P = 0.2578). However, yeasts were significantly more prevalent in non‐psoriatic than in psoriatic patients (P = 0.0144.). In our Mycological Laboratory, we observed a similar prevalence of onychomycosis in psoriatic patients and non‐psoriatic patients. However, the spectrum of fungal species isolated was different from each other, with a higher prevalence of yeasts in non‐PsoGroup that reflect a recent oriental trends.
A galaxy overdensity at z = 0.401 associated with an X-ray emitting structure of warm-hot intergalactic medium

We present the results of spectroscopic observations of galaxies associated with the diffuse X-ray emitting structure discovered by Zappacosta et al. (2002, A&A, 394, 7). After measuring the redshifts of 161 galaxies, we confirm an overdensity of galaxies with projected dimensions of at least 2 Mpc, determine its spectroscopic redshift in z = 0.401 ± 0.002, and show that it is spatially coincident with the diffuse X-ray emission. This confirms the original claim that this X-ray emission has an extragalactic nature and is due to the warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM). We used this value of the redshift to compute the temperature of the emitting gas. The resulting value depends on the metallicity that is assumed for the IGM, and is constrained to be between 0.3 and 0.6 keV for metallicities between 0.05 and 0.3 solar, in good agreement with the expectations from the WHIM.
MicroRNAs in the pathophysiology and treatment of status epilepticus

MicroRNA (miRNA) are an important class of non-coding RNA which function as post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression in cells, repressing and fine-tuning protein output. Prolonged seizures (status epilepticus, SE) can cause damage to brain regions such as the hippocampus and result in cognitive deficits and the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Emerging work in animal models has found that SE produces select changes to miRNAs within the brain. Similar changes in over 20 miRNAs have been found in the hippocampus in two or more studies, suggesting conserved miRNA responses after SE. The miRNA changes that accompany SE are predicted to impact levels of multiple proteins involved in neuronal morphology and function, gliosis, neuroinflammation, and cell death. miRNA expression also displays select changes in the blood after SE, supporting blood genomic profiling as potential molecular biomarkers of seizure-damage or epileptogenesis. Intracerebral delivery of chemically modified antisense oligonucleotides (antagomirs) has been shown to have potent, specific and long-lasting effects on brain levels of miRNAs. Targeting miR-34a, miR-132 and miR-184 has been reported to alter seizure-induced neuronal death, whereas targeting miR-134 was neuroprotective, reduced seizure severity during status epilepticus and reduced the later emergence of recurrent spontaneous seizures. These studies support roles for miRNAs in the pathophysiology of status epilepticus and miRNAs may represent novel therapeutic targets to reduce brain injury and epileptogenesis.
Ursolic acid induces apoptosis and autophagy in oral cancer cells

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the fifth common cause of cancer mortality in Taiwan with high incidence and recurrence and needs new therapeutic strategies. In this study, ursolic acid (UA), a triterpenoid, was examined the antitumor potency in OSCC cells. Our results showed that UA inhibited the proliferation of OSCC cells in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner in both Ca922 and SCC2095 oral cancer cells. UA induced caspase‐dependent apoptosis accompanied with the modulation of various biological biomarkers including downregulating Akt/mTOR/NF‐κB signaling, ERK, and p38. In addition, UA inhibited angiogenesis as evidenced by abrogation of migration/invasion and blocking MMP‐2 secretion in Ca922 cells. Interestingly, UA induced autophagy in OSCC cells, as manifested by LC3B‐II conversion and increased p62 expression and accumulation of autophagosomes. Inhibition by autophagy inhibitor enhanced UA‐mediated apoptosis in Ca922 cells. The experiment provides a rationale for using triterpenoid in the treatment of OSCC.
Prospective memory training in young adults enhances trained-task but not transfer-task performance

ABSTRACT Training and transfer effects of prospective memory training have not been assessed in healthy young adults yet. The present study examined the effects of an 8-day prospective memory training programme using the Virtual Week computer game in 18–24-year-old students. Using the performance of an active control group as comparison, the study revealed a significant short-lived beneficial training-induced effect on a nearest-transfer task consisting of a different version of the trained task. No evidence was obtained for transfer effects to other tasks measuring prospective memory (near transfer), or to tasks measuring various executive functions or general intelligence (far transfer). These results were compared to those from a previous study in which an identical training and testing protocol was used in 13–15-year-old adolescents. This study did reveal some evidence of near and far transfer. The results of the two studies combined suggest a greater potential for prospective memory training to induce beneficial transfer effects in young adolescents than in young adults.
Predictors of adults’ body mass index and the association with index child’s infant birth weight, in the Lifeways Cross-Generation Cohort Study of a thousand families in the Republic of Ireland

The Lifeways study is novel in having information on three generations of the same families. It is well established that infant birth weight (IBW) predicts individuals’ risk of adult chronic disease and more recently studies report cross-generation transmission of risk patterns. The aims of this analysis were to examine whether adults’ birth weights were associated with measures of own health status or social position and to relate adults’ birth weights to that of the index child’s IBW. Finally, we assessed whether birth weight of either adults or children was associated with adult body mass index (BMI) of parents and grandparents. We included 1075 children whose IBW was recorded at recruitment from hospital records and 2546 adult cohort members followed from 2001 until 2014. At baseline, a sub-group of 920 adults had reported own birth weight (RBW). Results showed male adults’ RBW were significantly higher than females’ (P=0.001). Mothers’ RBW was significantly correlated with IBW (r=0.178, P<0.001). In mixed effects linear models with BMI as the outcome variable, of all adults, and in sub-groups of adults with RBW and of mothers only, the IBW was associated with adult BMI adjusting for other predictors. Adults’ BMI was positively associated with age (P=0.013), index child’s IBW (P=0.001), gender (P<0.001) but not own RBW, adjusting for family identification number. When mothers were removed from the adult models however, IBW ceased to be associated with BMI, a final model showed RBW being associated with adult BMI (P=0.04). There are cross-generational associations in the Lifeways cohort, the maternal association being stronger.
Sluggish cognitive tempo: the need for global inquiry

237 The ICD-11 model of PTSD-CPTSD was supported in both samples. EGA identified two clusters corresponding to PTSD and DSO, and this solution was confirmed when the networks were re-estimated using 1,000 bootstrapped draws (for network graphs, see https://www.traumameasuresglobal.com/networkanalysispaper). The five strongest item-level associations mirrored five of the six diagnostic subdomains of PTSD and CPTSD: re-experiencing, avoidance of traumatic reminders, sense of threat, negative self-concept, and disturbances in relationships. Symptoms of affective dysregulation (hypoactivation and hyperactivation) were not highly associated with one another. The two networks did not differ significantly in terms of overall connectivity (p=0.06). Structural invariance was not supported (p<0.001); however, post-hoc permutation tests revealed that this was due to a significant difference in only one item pair: the two avoidance items were more strongly associated in the Israeli sample. All other item-level associations were not statistically different across the two samples, and thus the network structure was judged to be broadly consistent across the two groups. The centrality indices were also broadly similar across the two groups; however, “avoidance of external reminders” was notably higher in strength in the Israeli sample. In summary, this is the first network psychometric study of the newly developed ICD-11 diagnostic criteria for PTSD and CPTSD. Across two trauma-exposed samples, the structural validity of these disorders was supported; symptoms formed two broad clusters corresponding to PTSD and DSO, and the strongest associations within these clusters were between symptoms from the established PTSD and DSO subdomains. However, items measuring hypoactivation and hyperactivation were more strongly associated with other symptoms than with each other, which questions the idea of affective dysregulation as a unitary subdomain of CPTSD. Furthermore, despite consistency in overall network structure, differences in strength centrality were observed across the two samples. Future research could explore whether such differences can be attributed to sample/trauma characteristics (e.g., type of trauma, length of time since trauma, demographic factors). The identification of symptoms that take on context-specific relevance may be a focal point for targeted interventions.
How Can We Define Mastery? Reflections on Learning, Embodiment and Professional Identity

In this article we reflect upon the knowledge production process through the body in the social-material arrangement of craft. Resorting to the embodiment paradigm, we aim to theoretically understand how someone reaches the mastery that characterizes the domain of craft skill. In analogy with craft practices, we analyze how knowledge that relies under practical performances such as skill are built and kept through the bodily relation with the making of things in the immediate contact with the world. At the end, we conclude that such reflections about mastery may be useful to investigations on professional identity.
Characteristics and factors associated with post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) treatment of dog and cat bites among left-behind children: a cross-sectional study in two cities of China

Objective Animal injury is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Dog bites account for tens of millions of injuries annually and the highest risk is among children. However, children may not receive postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) treatment timely and appropriately after rabies exposure. This study aimed to investigate the characteristics and factors associated with PEP treatment of dog and cat bites among left-behind children. Design A cross-sectional study using questionnaire was conducted in primary and high schools. Setting Shenzhen and Shantou cities, Guangdong Province, China. Participants A total of 9380 participants were included and 2236 of them were with a history of dog and cat bites. Results 1188 (53.1%) boys and 1048 (46.9%) girls suffered from animal bites. Bitten in holidays was less likely to receive PEP treatment (OR 0.512, 95% CI 0.377 to 0.695) than those bitten in school days. Bitten while being with family (OR 1.418, 95% CI 1.040 to 1.934) and bitten at roadside (OR 1.842, 95% CI 1.297 to 2.171), bitten by unvaccinated animals (OR 1.745, 95% CI 1.246 to 2.443) tended to receive PEP treatment. Compared with unbroken skin, bleeding (OR 1.789, 95% CI 1.165 to 2.745) and laceration (OR 3.834, 95% CI 2.310 to 6.366) were showed as treatment prompting factors. Conclusions Bitten in holidays was found as a risk factor of receiving PEP treatment of animal bites. Certain measures should be taken to raise left-behind children’s awareness of receiving PEP treatment timely and appropriately after dog and cat bites.
Improvements in soccer specific fitness and exercise tolerance following 8 weeks of inspiratory muscle training in adolescent males.

BACKGROUND Inspiratory muscle training has been shown to improve exercise performance, however there is limited evidence for its effectiveness in soccer players. This study investigates the effect of inspiratory muscle training on soccer-specific fitness and exercise tolerance in adolescent male players. METHODS Thirty highly trained soccer players (16-19 y) were randomly assigned into one of three groups: experimental 1 (n=10), experimental 2 (n=10) and sham-control (sham, n=10). All groups performed inspiratory muscle training twice per day and five times per week for 8 weeks. Experimental 1 performed 25-35 breaths at 55% maximal inspiratory pressure, experimental 2 performed 45-55 breaths at 40% maximal inspiratory pressure, whereas sham performed 30 breaths at 15% maximal inspiratory pressure. Measures before and after the intervention involved the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1, running-based anaerobic test, repeated high-intensity endurance test, and maximal inspiratory pressure, and spirometry. RESULTS Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test level 1 distance increased for experimental groups 1 and 2 compared to sham (P = 0.012 and P = 0.031, respectively), with no difference between experimental groups. Fatigue index calculated from running-based anaerobic test improved for experimental groups 1 and 2 compared to sham (P = 0.014 and P = 0.011, respectively), with no difference between experimental groups. Exercise tolerance (i.e. blood lactate concentration, perceived exertion and perceived breathlessness) following the repeated high-intensity endurance test decreased in experimental groups 1 and 2 compared to sham (P <0.05), with no difference between experimental groups. Maximal inspiratory pressure increased for experimental groups 1 and 2 compared to sham (P = 0.000), with no difference between experimental groups. There were no changes for the spirometry measures. CONCLUSIONS Improvements in soccer-specific fitness and exercise tolerance can be achieved using inspiratory muscle training protocols of varying intensities and volumes.
Microstructure and piezoelectric properties of (Na0.5K0.5)NbO3 lead-free piezoelectric ceramics with V2O5 addition

Various amounts of Nb<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> in the (Na<sub>0.5</sub>K<sub>0.5</sub>) NbO<sub>3</sub> (NKN) ceramic were replaced by V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> to decrease its sintering temperature to below 950°C. A small V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> content resulted in a dense microstructure with an increased grain size for the specimen sintered at 900°C due to the presence of a liquid phase. When V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> was added to the NKN ceramics, their orthorhombic-to-tetragonal transition temperature increased from 178°C to around 200°C. However, their Curie temperature decreased from 402°C to around 330°C. The k<sub>p</sub>, <sub>ε3</sub> <sup>T</sup>/<sub>ε0</sub>, and Q<sub>m</sub> values increased with V<sub>2</sub>O<sub>5</sub> addition, probably due to the increased density and poling state, which was identified by the phase angle. The specimen with x = 0.05, sintered at 900°C for 8 h, exhibited the following piezoelectric properties: k<sub>p</sub> = 0.32, <sub>ε3</sub> <sup>T</sup>/<sub>ε0</sub> = 245, d<sub>33</sub> = 120 (pC/N), and Q<sub>m</sub> = 232.
Effect of Serum Parathyroid Hormone on Tacrolimus Therapy in Kidney Transplant Patients: A Possible Biomarker for a Tacrolimus Dosage Schedule.

The mechanism responsible for the decreased extra-renal CYP3A activity in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients remains unknown. Using an animal model, we previously found that elevated levels of serum intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) caused a reduced CYP3A activity. This retrospective observational study assessed the relationship between serum iPTH levels and the blood concentration or dosage of tacrolimus, a CYP3A substrate, after oral administration in kidney transplant patients. Thirty-four patients were enrolled who had kidney transplants between April 2014 and March 2016 and who had been administrated once- daily prolonged-release tacrolimus (Graceptor®, Astellas Pharm Inc.). Among the 34 patients, 22 had taken a CYP3A inhibitor. These patients were excluded from the study. A significant positive correlation between serum iPTH and tacrolimus trough levels was found at 4 d before kidney transplantation in 12 patients who were not receiving potent CYP3A inhibitor. In addition, serum iPTH levels before transplantation could serve as a factor for the dose of tacrolimus up to 1 year after transplantation. Monitoring serum iPTH levels could predict the trough level for the initial administration of tacrolimus, and may serve as an index for the initial dose of tacrolimus in kidney transplantation patients.
AHA Science Advisory: Soy protein and cardiovascular disease: A statement for healthcare professionals from the Nutrition Committee of the AHA.

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States.1 Diet has a major impact on several modifiable risk factors for heart disease: hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated LDL cholesterol, low HDL cholesterol, hypertension, obesity, and diabetes. The recommended low-saturated-fat, low-cholesterol diet1 does help lower risk of CVD.2 3 However, other dietary factors may offer additional benefits. There is increasing evidence that consumption of soy protein in place of animal protein lowers blood cholesterol levels and may provide other cardiovascular benefits. Epidemiologists have long noted that Asian populations who consume soy foods as a dietary staple have a lower incidence of CVD than those who consume a typical Western diet.4 Soy protein consumption in Japan is reported to be as much as 55 g/d,5 compared with <5 g/d in the United States.6 In 1998, deaths from CVD per 100 000 people between the ages of 35 and 74 years were as follows: 401 for US men, 201 for Japanese men, 197 for US women, and 99 for Japanese women.1 There are many differences in dietary patterns and lifestyle factors that could account for differences in disease patterns among countries. The American Heart Association (AHA) Dietary Guidelines for Healthy American Adults2 stated that although there was some evidence that when soy protein was substituted for animal protein, total and LDL cholesterol could be reduced, the findings were inconclusive. The AHA Nutrition Committee concluded that the use of soy foods was consistent with the AHA Dietary Guidelines, but no recommendation was made to include soy protein in the diet. More research on the mechanisms explaining the effects of soy protein and related phytochemicals on blood lipids was recommended. This AHA Science Advisory provides an update on recent research reports. The following description is …
Reduction of intraocular pressure with anecortave acetate in eyes with ocular steroid injection-related glaucoma.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering potential of anecortave acetate (AA) in eyes with steroid-related ocular hypertension inadequately controlled with the maximal tolerated or appropriate medical therapy. DESIGN Uncontrolled case series. METHODS A total of 8 eyes of 7 subjects with medically uncontrolled IOP following intravitreal or sub-Tenon injections of triamcinolone acetonide were included. All received an 0.8-mL anterior juxtascleral depot of 3% AA solution (24 mg) under topical anesthesia. The IOP was assessed weekly for the first month, then monthly for a minimum of 1 year. RESULTS The mean baseline IOP was 39.9 mm Hg. After 1 week, the mean IOP decreased 12 mm Hg (29%; P = .005) and by 1 month, the mean IOP had decreased 14.1 mm Hg (34.5%; P = .003) from baseline. Four eyes required surgical intervention despite a decrease in IOP because of markedly elevated initial IOP and the degree of preexisting glaucomatous optic neuropathy. We observed no adverse events. CONCLUSIONS An anterior juxtascleral depot of AA lowers IOP substantially in some eyes with medically uncontrolled steroid-related ocular hypertension. Further study is warranted to clarify the role of AA in treating this condition as well as other forms of glaucoma.
Mining and characterization of novel EST-SSR markers of Parrotia subaequalis (Hamamelidaceae) from the first Illumina-based transcriptome datasets

Parrotia subaequalis is an endangered Tertiary relict tree from eastern China. Despite its important ecological and horticultural value, no transcriptomic data and limited molecular markers are currently available in this species. In this study, we first performed high-throughput transcriptome sequencing of two individuals representing the northernmost (TX) and southernmost (SJD) population of P. subaequalis on the Illumina HiSeq 2500 platform. We gathered a total of 69,135 unigenes for P. subaequalis (TX) and 84,009 unigenes for P. subaequalis (SJD). From two unigenes datasets, 497 candidate polymorphic novel expressed sequence tag-simple sequence repeats (EST-SSRs) were identified using CandiSSR. Among these repeats, di-nucleotide repeats were the most abundant repeat type (62.78%) followed by tri-, tetra- and hexa-nucleotide repeats. We then randomly selected 54 primer pairs for polymorphism validation, of which 27 (50%) were successfully amplified and showed polymorphisms in 96 individuals from six natural populations of P. subaequalis. The average number of alleles per locus and the polymorphism information content values were 3.70 and 0.343; the average observed and expected heterozygosity were 0.378 and 0.394. A relatively high level of genetic diversity (HT = 0.393) and genetic differentiation level (FST = 0.171) were surveyed, indicating P. subaequalis maintained high levels of species diversity in the long-term evolutionary history. Additionally, a high level of cross-transferability (92.59%) was displayed in five congeneric Hamamelidaceae species. Therefore, these new transcriptomic data and novel polymorphic EST-SSR markers will pinpoint genetic resources and facilitate future studies on population genetics and molecular breeding of P. subaequalis and other Hamamelidaceae species.