Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental Analysis of Mold Filling in Compression Resin Transfer Molding

Over the years, several modifications of the more standard liquid molding processes such as SRIM and RTM have been proposed. Among them the Compression Resin Transfer Molding (CRTM) presents great interest. In that process, like in RTM, the fiber preform is preplaced in a mold and then a liquid resin is injected. In CRTM however, the mold is kept slightly open during the resin injection. Once the necessary amount of resin is injected, the final closing is done and the resin filled the entire cavity. The main advantage of this technique is to reduce the necessary injection pressure and to ease the molding of parts with high fiber. In this paper, results are reported for two series of plaque molding experiments. In all cases filling time and pressure distribution in the cavity were recorded. In the first series, vinyl ester resin was injected in a slightly open cavity where a thermoformed glass fiber preform had been placed. In this case, an open gap was present on the top of the preform which eased considerably the filling. The mold was then closed to final part thickness. In this case, the resin injection time was extremely short and most filling and wetting time was elevated to the final closing of the cavity. In the second set of experiments continuous strand glass fiber mat was used. Because of their nature, the layers of glass mat completely filled in partially closed cavity. As opposed to the previous experiments, in this case, the cavity was closed during the resin injection. The closing time was chosen in such a way that filling and closing occur simultaneously. Since the reinforcement permeability is reduced during injection, the filling rate was much slower at the end. The data gathered with these experiments could also be used to validate the modeling of foamed core parts molding when resin pressure crushes the core.
A 2.78 mm2 65 nm CMOS gigabit MIMO iterative detection and decoding receiver

Iterative detection and decoding (IDD), combined with spatial-multiplexing multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission, is a key technique to improve spectral efficiency in wireless communications. In this paper we present the - to the best of our knowledge - first complete silicon implementation of a MIMO IDD receiver. MIMO detection is performed by a multi-core sphere decoder supporting up to 4×4 as antenna configuration and 64-QAM modulation. A flexible low-density parity check decoder is used for forward error correction. The 65nm CMOS ASIC has a core area of 2.78 mm2. Its maximum throughput exceeds 1 Gbit/s, at less than 1nJ/bit. The MIMO IDD ASIC enables more than 2 dB performance gains with respect to non-iterative receivers.
Impacts of a Rural Subdivision on Groundwater Quality: Results of Long‐Term Monitoring

A rural subdivision in south central Wisconsin was instrumented with monitoring wells and lysimeters before, during, and after its construction to examine the impacts of the unsewered subdivision on groundwater quality and quantity. Prior to construction, the 78‐acre (32 ha) site was farmland. Sixteen homes were constructed beginning in 2003. Initial monitoring from 2002 to 2005 showed that groundwater beneath the site had been impacted by previous agricultural use, with nitrate‐N values as high as 30 mg/L and some detections of the herbicide atrazine. Our 12‐year study shows that the transition from agricultural to residential land use has changed groundwater quality in both negative and positive ways. Although groundwater elevations showed typical seasonal fluctuations each year, there were no measurable changes in groundwater levels or general flow directions during the 12‐year study period. Chloride values increased in many wells, possibly as a result of road salting or water softener discharge. Nitrate concentrations varied spatially and temporally over the study period, with some initial concentrations substantially above the drinking water standard. In some wells, nitrate and atrazine levels have declined substantially since agriculture ceased. However, atrazine was still present at trace concentrations throughout the site in 2014. Wastewater tracers show there are small but detectable impacts from septic effluent on groundwater quality. Particle traces based on a groundwater flow model are consistent with the hypothesis that septic leachate has impacted groundwater quality.
Metal concentrations in chub, Leuciscus cephalus, from a submontane river

Inmanyaquaticenvironmentselevatedlevelsoftraceelements occur due to anthropogenic activities. Waterorganismscanbepreciseindicatorsinestimatingthestatusofpollutionofwaterenvironments.Amongthemseveralspeciesoffishhavebeenwidelyused(Hakanson1984,Chevreuiletal.1995,Andresetal.2000,Falandyszetal.2000,PerkowskaandProtasowicki2000,Řehulka2001,WagnerandBoman2003,Polechonski2004,Szarek-GwiazdaandAmirowicz2006). Accumulationoftraceelementsinthetissuesoffishlivinginaquaticenvironmentdependsonmanyfactors(JezierskaandWiteska2001). Thesefactorsinclude metal contents in water and food organisms,exposuretime,environmentconditions(e.g.,pH,alkalin-ity, salinity), feeding habit, age, and size of fish(Protasowicki1991,Masonetal.2000,Řehulka2001,Jezierskaetal.2002,WiteskaandBaka2002,Dobickiand Polechonski 2003, Łuczynska and Brucka-Jastrzebska2005),andthedifferencesinmetallothionein(MT)geneinductionbyvariousspeciesoffish(OlssonandKille1997,DeBoecketal.2003). Chevreuiletal. (1995)andAndresetal. (2000)—tonamejustafew—indicatedthattheomnivorousroach,whichiscommonandoftenabundantincentralEuropeaninlandwaters,isausefulspeciesinmonitoringstudies.Roachcanaccumulatecertaintraceelementsinconsider-ableamounts,greaterthanotherspeciesinhabitingthesamewaterbodies.Andresetal. (2000),Spurnýetal. (2002),Demiraketal. (2006),andYilmazetal. (2007)usedotheromnivorousfishi.e. ,chub,
Cancer-Attributable Mortality Among People With Treated Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in North America

Background Cancer remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality in people with human immunodeficiency virus (PWHIV) on effective antiretroviral therapy (ART). Estimates of cancer-attributable mortality can inform public health efforts. Methods We evaluated 46956 PWHIV receiving ART in North American HIV cohorts (1995-2009). Using information on incident cancers and deaths, we calculated population-attributable fractions (PAFs), estimating the proportion of deaths due to cancer. Calculations were based on proportional hazards models adjusted for age, sex, race, HIV risk group, calendar year, cohort, CD4 count, and viral load. Results There were 1997 incident cancers and 8956 deaths during 267145 person-years of follow-up, and 11.9% of decedents had a prior cancer. An estimated 9.8% of deaths were attributable to cancer (cancer-attributable mortality rate 327 per 100000 person-years). PAFs were 2.6% for AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs, including non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 2.0% of deaths) and 7.1% for non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs: lung cancer, 2.3%; liver cancer, 0.9%). PAFs for NADCs were higher in males and increased strongly with age, reaching 12.5% in PWHIV aged 55+ years. Mortality rates attributable to ADCs and NADCs were highest for PWHIV with CD4 counts <100 cells/mm3. PAFs for NADCs increased during 1995-2009, reaching 10.1% in 2006-2009. Conclusions Approximately 10% of deaths in PWHIV prescribed ART during 1995-2009 were attributable to cancer, but this fraction increased over time. A large proportion of cancer-attributable deaths were associated with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, lung cancer, and liver cancer. Deaths due to NADCs will likely grow in importance as AIDS mortality declines and PWHIV age.
Repeat Swimming Performance and Its Implications for Inferring the Relative Fitness of Asexual Hybrid Dace (Pisces: Phoxinus) and Their Sexually Reproducing Parental Species

While theories explaining the evolution and maintenance of sex are abundant, empirical data on the costs and benefits of asexual relative to sexual reproduction are less common. Asexually reproducing vertebrates, while few, provide a rare opportunity to measure differences in fitness between asexual and sexual species. All known asexually reproducing vertebrates are of hybrid origin, and hybrid disadvantage (i.e., reduced hybrid fitness) is thought to facilitate long-term coexistence between asexual and sexual species. We used repeat swimming performance as a proxy for fitness to compare the fitness of asexual hybrid dace (Pisces: Phoxinus) and their sexually reproducing parental species, finescale dace (Phoxinus neogaeus) and northern redbelly dace (Phoxinus eos). We tested the prediction that, given the widespread coexistence of these hybrid and parental dace, the parental species should show equivalent and perhaps superior repeat performance relative to hybrids. A repeat constant acceleration test (Umax) was conducted at both acclimation temperature (16°C) and at an elevated temperature (25°C) to simulate the combined influence of a repeat swim and acute temperature change that fish might experience in the wild. The asexual hybrids performed more poorly than at least one of the parental species. There was a negative effect of temperature on repeat swimming performance in all fish, and the repeat performance of hybrids was more severely affected by temperature than that of finescale dace. No difference in the effect of temperature on repeat performance was detected between hybrids and northern redbelly dace. These results suggest that hybrids suffer physiological costs relative to the parentals or at least that the hybrids do not gain advantage from hybrid vigor, which probably contributes to the coexistence of asexual and sexual species in this system.
Towards trajectory anonymization: a generalization-based approach

Trajectory datasets are becoming more and more popular due to the massive usage of GPS and other location-based devices and services. In this paper, we address privacy issues regarding the identification of individuals in static trajectory datasets. We provide privacy protection by definig trajectory k-anonymity, meaning every released information refers to at least k users/trajectories. We propose a novel generalization-based approach that applies to trajectories and sequences in general. We also suggest the use of a simple random reconstruction of the original dataset from the anonymization, to overcome possible drawbacks of generalization approaches. We present a utility metric that maximizes the probability of a good representation and propose trajectory anonymization techniques to address time and space sensitive applications. The experimental results over synthetic trajectory datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
The cecum and dietary short-chain fructooligosaccharides are involved in preventing postgastrectomy anemia in rats.

Dietary short-chain fructooligosaccharides (Sc-FOS) stimulate absorption of calcium and magnesium in the large intestine of rats. In this study, we examined whether Sc-FOS stimulate iron absorption in the large intestine by monitoring recovery from anemia in gastrectomized rats, with or without cecectomy. The rats were divided into four groups, i.e., sham-operated (Sham), gastrectomized only (GX), cecectomized only (CX) and both gastrectomized and cecectomized (GCX). Half of the rats in each group were fed a control diet (AIN-93G) and the other half were fed a Sc-FOS-containing diet (75 g/kg diet) for 28 d. Hematocrit (Ht) and hemoglobin concentration (Hb) were measured at the start, and on d 14 and 28 after the start of feeding. On the final day of the study, total blood was collected. Gastrectomy significantly decreased Ht and Hb, but cecectomy did not influence these variables. Dietary Sc-FOS prevented the decrease in Ht and Hb significantly. In the gastrectomized rats, the effectiveness of Sc-FOS in preventing postgastrectomy anemia was significantly diminished by cecectomy. These results suggest that the effect of Sc-FOS in increasing absorption of iron in gastrectomized rats takes place in part in the cecum. The cecum plays an important role in the mechanism by which Sc-FOS prevent postgastrectomy anemia.
The Listener Sets the Tone: High-Quality Listening Increases Attitude Clarity and Behavior-Intention Consequences

We examined how merely sharing attitudes with a good listener shapes speakers’ attitudes. We predicted that high-quality (i.e., empathic, attentive, and nonjudgmental) listening reduces speakers’ social anxiety and leads them to delve deeper into their attitude-relevant knowledge (greater self-awareness). This, subsequently, differentially affects two components of speaker’s attitude certainty by increasing attitude clarity, but not attitude correctness. In addition, we predicted that this increased clarity is followed by increased attitude-expression intentions, but not attitude-persuasion intentions. We obtained consistent support for our hypotheses across five experiments (including one preregistered study), manipulating listening behavior in a variety of ways. This is the first evidence that an interpersonal variable, unrelated to the attitude itself, can affect attitude clarity and its consequences.
Glycemic response and health--a systematic review and meta-analysis: the database, study characteristics, and macronutrient intakes.

BACKGROUND Reduction of dietary glycemic response has been proposed as a means of reducing the risk of diabetes and coronary heart disease. Its role in health maintenance and management, alongside unavailable carbohydrate (eg, fiber), is incompletely understood. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess the evidence relating the glycemic impact of foods to a role in health maintenance and management of disease. DESIGN We searched the literature for relevant controlled dietary intervention trials on glycemic index (GI) according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracted the data to a database, and synthesized the evidence via meta-analyses and meta-regression models. RESULTS Among literature to January 2005, 45 relevant publications were identified involving 972 subjects with good health or metabolic disease. With small reductions in GI (<10 units), increases in available carbohydrate, energy, and protein intakes were found in all studies combined. Falling trends in energy, available carbohydrate, and protein intakes then occurred with progressive reductions in GI. Fat intake was essentially unchanged. Unavailable carbohydrate intake was generally higher for intervention diets but showed no trend with GI (falling or rising). Among studies reporting on GI, variation in glycemic load was approximately equally explained by variation in GI and variation in available carbohydrate intake. An exchange of available and unavailable carbohydrate (approximately 1 g/g) was evident in these studies. CONCLUSIONS Among GI studies, observed reductions in glycemic load are most often not solely due to substitution of high for low glycemic carbohydrate foods. Available carbohydrate intake is a confounding factor. The role of unavailable carbohydrate remains to be accounted for.
Development of an Operational Calibration Methodology for the Landsat Thermal Data Archive and Initial Testing of the Atmospheric Compensation Component of a Land Surface Temperature (LST) Product from the Archive

The Landsat program has been producing an archive of thermal imagery that spans the globe and covers 30 years of the thermal history of the planet at human scales (60–120 m). Most of that archive’s absolute radiometric calibration has been fixed through vicarious calibration techniques. These calibration ties to trusted values have often taken a year or more to gather sufficient data and, in some cases, it has been over a decade before calibration certainty has been established. With temperature being such a critical factor for all living systems and the ongoing concern over the impacts of climate change, NASA and the United States Geological Survey (USGS) are leading efforts to provide timely and accurate temperature data from the Landsat thermal data archive. This paper discusses two closely related advances that are critical steps toward providing timely and reliable temperature image maps from Landsat. The first advance involves the development and testing of an autonomous procedure for gathering and performing initial screening of large amounts of vicarious calibration data. The second advance discussed in this paper is the per-pixel atmospheric compensation of the data to permit calculation of the emitted surface radiance (using ancillary sources of emissivity data) and the corresponding land surface temperature (LST).
NATURAL SELECTION ON EXTRAFLORAL NECTAR PRODUCTION IN CHAMAECRISTA FASCICULATA: THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF A MUTUALISM TRAIT

Abstract Cost-benefit models of the evolution of mutualism predict that the current state of mutualism results from trade-offs between fitness costs of mutualist traits and the fitness benefits of association. We test the assumptions of such models by measuring patterns of natural selection on a mutualist trait, extrafloral nectar production in Chamaecrista fasciculata. Selection was measured on plants from which ants had been excluded (removing the mutualist benefit of the trait), from which all insects had been excluded (removing costs of herbivory in addition to mutualist benefits), and unmanipulated plants (where both costs and benefits were present). Selection analysis based on half-sibling-mean regressions of fitness on the trait revealed no evidence of costs of extrafloral nectar production in the absence of all insects or in the absence of ants. However, examination of the selective surfaces for these treatments suggest that costs of nectar production may exist and are exacerbated by the presence of herbivory. In the presence of ants, natural selection favors high extrafloral nectar production, consistent with a fitness benefit to this mutualist trait in the presence of the mutualist partner. In this study, the interaction of costs and benefits did not produce an evolutionary optimum for the trait within the range of variation observed, suggesting that application of a cost-benefit framework to this trait will benefit from considering the influence of temporal and spatial variation on the quality of costs and benefits.
Assessing the Efficacy of Nutraceutical Interventions on Cognitive Functioning in the Elderly

With many nutraceutical interventions designed to slow cognitive aging, there is a need for computerised tests that can detect small cognitive changes that may occur in response to these interventions. A battery of 13 computerised cognitive tasks was developed to capture the range of cognitive functions that decline with age. One hundred and twenty adults aged 21 to 86 years, with a MMSE score >27 completed the test battery. Accuracy and response time were measured. Regression analysis revealed age-related decrements in cognitive performance for all tasks. Performance accuracy for the Spatial Working Memory task and speed of response for Spatial Working Memory, Contextual Memory and Immediate Recognition tasks showed the greatest age-related decline. The tasks showed good test-retest reliability and correlated with other commonly used neuropsychological tests in aging research. With the sensitivity of this cognitive test battery to aging, it may be useful in future studies investigating cognitive improvements in response to nutraceutical interventions in older adults.
Moderating Effects of Self-Confidence and Sport Self-Efficacy on the Relationship between Competitive Anxiety and Sport Performance Mohammad

The aim of this study was to examine moderating effects of self-confidence and sport self-efficacy on the relationship between competitive anxiety and sport performance in a sample of Iranian athletes. A total of 246 volunteer athletes (149 males, 97 females) were included in this study. All participants were asked to complete Multidimensional Competitive Anxiety Questionnaire and Sport Self-Efficacy Scale. To measure the athletes’ sport performance, their coaches were asked to complete the Sport Achevement Scale. The results revealed that self-confidence and sport self-efficacy moderated the relationship between competitive anxiety and sport performance. Analysis of the data revealed that moderating effects of self-confidence for the association of cognitive and somatic dimensions of competitive anxiety with sport performance were partial. On the other hand, the moderating effects of sport self-efficacy for the association of cognitive and somatic dimensions of competitive anxiety with sport performance were full.
Bacterial Analysis of Selected Drinking Water Sources in Mbarara Municipality, Uganda

Surveillance of water quality to ensure microbiological safety is a vital public health function to prevent water borne diseases. Bacterial total coliform and Escherichia coli (E. coli) examination provide indication of the hygienic condition of drinking water and are major tools in the assessment of the health risk borne by pathogen in water. Unfortunately, there is insufficient information on the total coliform and E. coli amounts in the common drinking water sources in Mbarara Municipality, Uganda despite the eminent anthropogenic sources of contamination. Hence the study established the sanitary risk and quantified the total coliform and E. coli load in selected drinking water sources in Mbarara Municipality, Uganda. A total of 70 water samples were collected from selected boreholes, springs, wells and rainwater in Nyamitanga, Kamukuzi and Kakoba divisions of Mbarara municipality. The water samples were analysed for total coliform and E. coli abundance using the American Public Health Association (APHA) standard method. The total coliform and Escherichia coli counts were compared with the World Health Organization (WHO) drinking water standard guidelines. The findings indicate that all the studied groundwater sources (boreholes, springs and wells) in Mbarara Municipality were not compliant to either both or one of the WHO total coliform ( ml) and E. coli (0 CFU/100 ml) criteria for drinking water hence they are unsuitable for drinking without treatment e.g. boiling etc. Only rainwater collected from Mbarara University of Science and Technology met the WHO total coliform and E. coli criteria for drinking water thus is suitable for drinking without any treatment. There is a strong linkage between bacterial (total coliforms and E. coli) water quality and water source sanitation, as well as the proximity of latrines, animal farms and landfills around the water sources. Mbarara municipal council should therefore ensure effective and regular operation and maintenance of the drinking water sources through the adoption and promotion of appropriate water safety plans.