Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Developmental Consequences of Child Emotional Abuse

Abstract This article provides an empirical and theoretical foundation to support increased attention to neurodevelopmental processes in understanding the developmental sequelae of child emotional abuse (CEA). After reviewing the socioemotional consequences of CEA, an overview of the mammalian stress response system is provided, the deleterious impact of early psychosocial adversity on the organization and integration of this system is discussed, and the applicability of these findings for considering CEA and its developmental consequences within a multi-level, integrative, developmental psychopathology framework is explained. Building on evidence that CEA is likely to result in significant and enduring alterations in the neurobiology of stress response systems and, by extension, in neurodevelopment more broadly, specific suggestions for future research and practice are offered. This article encourages greater attention to CEA as a salient developmental experience and to neurophysiological processes as a heretofore overlooked source of information about the relation between CEA and adaptation.
STUDI SIKAP DAN NIAT KONSUMSI JAMU PAHITAN DI SURABAYA

Drinking traditional medicine (jamu is one of Indonesian traditions. This activity influenced by culture, family factors, group of reference and psychology. This paper tries to ex[plore attitude and intention consuming bitter jamu in Surabaya. The research design is exploratory and descriptive without hyphothesis. The research respondents are 100 which collected by documentation study, interview and survey. Moreover, they are analyze by Fisbein formula. The results show that (1) attitude to product: customer likes bitter jamu. (2) attitude to consumer behaviour : costumer is a neutral. (3) behaviour intention of jamu : customer like consume jamu. (4) the reference trust is neutral, expect parent references. (5) responden motivation to group of references is neutral (less motivated) to follow sugestions. (6) norm for each group of reference is neutral for sibblings, parents, media and seller references and it is not follow friend’s references. (7) subjective norm as a whole is neutral to group of references’s sugestion (8) Consumer intention to consume bitter jamu is neutral.
Aspect Marking in English and Chinese: Using the Lancaster Corpus of Mandarin Chinese for Contrastive Language Study

This paper presents the newly released Lancaster Corpus of Mandarin Chinese (LCMC), a Chinese match for the FLOB and Frown corpora of British and American English. We first discuss the major decisions we took when building the corpus. These relate to sampling, text collection, mark-up, and annotation. Following from this we use the corpus to study aspect marking in Chinese and British/American English. The study shows that although Chinese and English are typologically different, aspect markers in the two languages show a strikingly similar distribution pattern, especially across the two broad categories of narrative and expository texts. The study also reveals some important differences in the distribution of aspect markers in Chinese versus English and British versus American English across fifteen text categories, and provides an account of these differences.
A Method for the Dispersal and Characterization of Leukocytes from the Human Female Reproductive Tract

PROBLEM: The isolation of human female reproductive tract (RT) cells that maintain viability and are representative of the entire population is essential for a thorough evaluation of mucosal immunity in the reproductive tract mucosa. Here, we describe the isolation of RT cells in high yields and with high viability from the Fallopian tube, uterine endometrium, endocervix, ectocervix and vagina. METHOD OF STUDY: This cell dispersion method uses an enzyme cocktail composed of pancreatin, hyaluronidase, and collagenase (PHC), and employs a 250‐μm mesh screen to facilitate cell dispersion. RESULTS: The yields of cells isolated per gram of tissue in the presence of this PHC cocktail were compared and found to be strikingly higher relative to the yields obtained with other enzyme cocktails or in the absence of enzymes. Flow cytometry was used to characterize leukocyte subsets isolated from uterine endometrium in the presence of the various enzyme cocktails. The common leukocyte antigen marker CD45, pan T‐cell marker CD3, monocyte/macrophage marker CD14 and B‐cell marker CD19 were retained after exposure to the PHC cocktail of enzymes. The expression of CD8 and CD4 was lost after exposure to added enzymes but regained after culture overnight. CONCLUSION: These studies demonstrate the feasibility of using enzymatic digestion for the isolation of whole populations of Fallopian tube, endometrial, cervical and vaginal cells, including leukocyte subsets in high yields, and provide a foundation for investigating mucosal immune cell function in the human female RT.
Effects of High-Mobility Group A Protein Application on Canine Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells In Vitro

Multipotency and self-renewal are considered as most important features of stem cells to persist throughout life in tissues. In this context, the role of HMGA proteins to influence proliferation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell (ASCs) while maintaining their multipotent and self-renewal capacities has not yet been investigated. Therefore, extracellular HMGA1 and HMGA2 application alone (10–200 ng/mL) and in combination with each other (100, 200 ng/mL each) was investigated with regard to proliferative effects on canine ASCs (cASCs) after 48 hours of cultivation. Furthermore, mRNA expression of multipotency marker genes in unstimulated and HMGA2-stimulated cASCs (50, 100 ng/mL) was analyzed by RT-qPCR. HMGA1 significantly reduced cASCs proliferation in concentrations of 10–200 ng/mL culture medium. A combination of HMGA1 and HMGA2 protein (100 and 200 ng/mL each) caused the same effects, whereas no significant effect on cASCs proliferation was shown after HMGA2 protein application alone. RT-qPCR results showed that expression levels of marker genes including KLF4, SOX2, OCT4, HMGA2, and cMYC mRNAs were on the same level in both HMGA2-protein-stimulated and -unstimulated cASCs. Extracellular HMGA protein application might be valuable to control proliferation of cASCs in context with their employment in regenerative approaches without affecting their self-renewal and multipotency abilities.
Gaussian Process Models for Link Analysis and Transfer Learning

This paper aims to model relational data on edges of networks. We describe appropriate Gaussian Processes (GPs) for directed, undirected, and bipartite networks. The inter-dependencies of edges can be effectively modeled by adapting the GP hyper-parameters. The framework suggests an intimate connection between link prediction and transfer learning, which were traditionally two separate research topics. We develop an efficient learning algorithm that can handle a large number of observations. The experimental results on several real-world data sets verify superior learning capacity.
Brainstem dysfunction in variegate porphyria

Introduction: Variegate porphyria (VP) is a rare metabolic disorder that may present as an acute predominantly motor neuropathy. Cranial nerves and brainstem functions have been only scarcely studied. Methods: Brainstem reflexes were examined in symptomatic and non‐symptomatic VP mutation carriers of a single family. Results: Similar results were found in the 2 patients with a history of porphyric crises. The blink reflex showed an absence of late responses (R2 and R2c) to stimulation of both sides. The masseter inhibitory reflex showed reduced inhibition of the second phase. The jaw jerk was normal. The asymptomatic carriers did not show any of the abnormalities just noted. Conclusions: Our results are compatible with a central lower pons–upper medulla disorder in the brainstem. We hypothesize that brainstem dysfunction in VP patients with a history of porphyric crises may be due to neurotoxic effects of porphyrin precursors as well as subclinical osmolarity changes due to hyponatremia. Muscle Nerve 46: 426–433, 2012
Asymptotic Performance Analysis of a  $K$ -Hop Amplify-and-Forward Relay MIMO Channel

This paper studies the asymptotic performance of multi-hop amplify-and-forward relay multiple-antenna communication channels. Each multi-antenna relay terminal in the considered network amplifies the received signal, sent by a source, and retransmits it upstream toward a destination. Achievable ergodic rates of the relay channel with both jointly optimal detection and decoding and practical separate-decoding receiver architectures for arbitrary signaling schemes, along with average bit error rates for various types of detectors are derived in the regime where the number of antennas at each terminal grows large without a bound. To overcome the difficulty of averaging over channel realizations, we apply a large-system analysis based on the replica method from statistical physics. The validity of the large-system analysis is further verified through Monte Carlo simulations of realistic finite-sized systems.
Tumor vascularity and lipiodol deposition as early radiological markers for predicting risk of disease progression in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma after transarterial chemoembolization

This study evaluated the factors impacting overall survival (OS) and time to progression (TTP) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) who received transarterial chemoembolization (TACE). HCC patients were grouped based on tumor vascularity and lipidiol deposition after TACE. Tumor vascularity was classified based on contrast enhancement on arterial phase baseline CT scans. Lipiodol deposition was evaluated using CT scans. The progression-free rate was significantly higher in patients with good blood supply + good lipiodol deposition compared to those with good blood supply + poor lipiodol deposition. In patients with poor lipidiol deposition, risk of death was significantly positively correlated with stage, and negatively correlated with number of TACE procedures and degree of lipidiol deposition after the first TACE. Risk of disease progression in these patients was positively correlated with tumor size, and negatively correlated with number of TACE procedures and degree of lipidiol deposition after the first TACE. Our data showed that tumor vascularity and lipiodol deposition can be used as early radiological markers to identify patients who do not respond to TACE, and who can be considered earlier for alternative combination treatment strategies. Our data also indicated that poor lipiodol retention may predict a poor TTP and OS despite the blood supply status.
Ordinal measurement in the behavioral sciences

Contents: Preface. The Purpose of Psychological Measurement. What Makes a Variable a Scale? Types of Assessment. Item Scores and Their Addition to Obtain Total Test Scores in the Case of Dichotomous Items. Item Scores and Their Addition to Obtain Total Test Scores in the Case of Polytomous Items. Dominance Analysis of Tests. Approaches to Ordering Things and Stimuli. Alternatives to Complete Paired Comparisons. The Unfolding Model. The Application of Ordinal Test Theory to Items in Tests Used in Cross-Cultural Comparisons. Appendices: Flow Chart for a Program to Carry Out a Complete Item Analysis of Items in a Test or Scale Using a Small Personal Computer. Statistical Tables.
Continuous Locomotion-Mode Identification for Prosthetic Legs Based on Neuromuscular–Mechanical Fusion

In this study, we developed an algorithm based on neuromuscular-mechanical fusion to continuously recognize a variety of locomotion modes performed by patients with transfemoral (TF) amputations. Electromyographic (EMG) signals recorded from gluteal and residual thigh muscles and ground reaction forces/moments measured from the prosthetic pylon were used as inputs to a phase-dependent pattern classifier for continuous locomotion-mode identification. The algorithm was evaluated using data collected from five patients with TF amputations. The results showed that neuromuscular-mechanical fusion outperformed methods that used only EMG signals or mechanical information. For continuous performance of one walking mode (i.e., static state), the interface based on neuromuscular-mechanical fusion and a support vector machine (SVM) algorithm produced 99% or higher accuracy in the stance phase and 95% accuracy in the swing phase for locomotion-mode recognition. During mode transitions, the fusion-based SVM method correctly recognized all transitions with a sufficient predication time. These promising results demonstrate the potential of the continuous locomotion-mode classifier based on neuromuscular-mechanical fusion for neural control of prosthetic legs.
Lipid-mediated resistance of Gram-negative bacteria against various pore-forming antimicrobial peptides

Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) play a dual role as target and as effector molecules. The knowledge of the LPS-induced activation of human immune cells is increasing; however, surprisingly, much less effort seems to be directed towards the understanding of the mechanisms leading to the killing of the bacterial organisms, which eventually results in the release of LPS from the bacterial surface into the blood circulation. We demonstrate mechanisms of interaction of peptides of the innate immune system (e.g. defensins and cathelicidins) as well as of externally administered antibiotics (e.g. Polymyxin B) with Gram-negative bacteria. The main focus is directed on data derived from electrical measurements on a reconstitution system of the outer membrane as an asymmetric bilayer composed on one side of LPS and on the other of phospholipids. All these antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are membrane-active and induce the permeabilization of the reconstituted membranes by the formation of lesions. We found that differences in the activity of the AMPs against various sensitive and resistant Gram-negative bacteria can be explained solely by variations in the chemical structure of LPS, e.g. in the composition of the sugar head group. A reduction of the net negative charge of LPS is responsible for a reduced interaction with the polycationic AMPs and thus for resistance. A most important side effect of positively charged AMPs is the neutralization of the negatively charged LPS released from the bacterial surface as a consequence of AMP-induced killing.
Economic Resources and Woman Abuse

Abstract Secondary data analyses of the 1999 National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) were conducted to examine relationships between economic resources and woman abuse among subsamples of African American, Hispanic and White women. Logistic analyses indicated that associations vary, not only along racial and ethnic lines, but also by type of woman abuse. None of the economic resources were associated with woman abuse for the Hispanic women. Employment status and education attainment were the strongest predictors of abuse among the African American and White women. Adding marital status and age into the models had significant impact on the previous associations.
Evaluation of Passive Boundary Layer Flow Control Methods for Aero-Optic Mitigation

Results of recent experimental measurements of the effect of passive boundary layer flow control method using Large-Eddy Break-Up devices on aero-optical distortions caused by turbulent subsonic boundary layers at a range of trans-sonic speeds are presented. Measurements were performed using a Malley probe to collect instantaneous onedimensional wavefronts with high resolution. Detailed statistical analysis of optical spectra of aero-optical distortions are presented in order to evaluate the effect of modified turbulent structures on optical wavefront fluctuations, and to assess the mitigating aero-optical effect of each flow control method. It was found that a long, at least 1.6 boundary-layer thicknesses, LEBU device, placed at 0.5. 0.6 boundary-layer thicknesses away from the wall resulted in significant, up to 33% reduction in overall level of aero-optical distortions. In addition, velocity profiles measured with hot-wires are presented and analyzed in order to investigate how the underlying large-scale flow structure is modified by the LEBU device.
Examining cue recognition across expertise using a computer-based task

Motivation - The study examined whether experts and novices differed in their recognition of decision-making cues. Research approach - To test cue recognition, the authors developed and tested a computer-based cue recognition task on a group of expert and novice offender profilers. Findings/Design - Recognition performance was assessed in relation to cue classification agreement and recognition response latency among and between the two groups. The findings revealed superior performance on both measures by the experts compared to the novices. Research limitations/Implications - The findings have implications for the cue selection process in the design of computer-based training, and decision support systems. Originality/Value - The research offers an objective means of: 1) identifying cues; 2) gauging relative cue stability/strength; 3) comparing cue recognition across expertise; and, 4) selecting a valid cue-set for use in training and support systems. Take away message - There are significant differences in cue recognition across expertise that may, in part, differentiate decision-making performance.
MOLECULAR AND QUANTITATIVE TRAIT VARIATION WITHIN AND AMONG POPULATIONS OF THE INTERTIDAL COPEPOD TIGRIOPUS CALIFORNICUS

Abstract While molecular and quantitative trait variation may be theoretically correlated, empirical studies using both approaches frequently reveal discordant patterns, and these discrepancies can contribute to our understanding of evolutionary processes. Here, we assessed genetic variation in six populations of the copepod Tigriopus californicus. Molecular variation was estimated using five polymorphic microsatellite loci, and quantitative variation was measured using 22-life history and morphometric characters. Within populations, no correlation was found between the levels of molecular variation (heterozygosity) and quantitative variation (heritability). Between populations, quantitative subdivision (QST) was correlated with molecular subdivision when measured as FST but not when measured as RST. Unlike most taxa studied to date, the overall level of molecular subdivision exceeded the level of quantitative subdivision (FST = 0.80, RST = 0.89, QST = 0.30). Factors that could contribute to this pattern include stabilizing or fluctuating selection on quantitative traits or accelerated rates of molecular evolution.
Systematic and practical measurement of organizational knowledge creation

Purpose – This study developed a systematic measurement scale for the organizational knowledge creation practices. The authors used five knowledge creation phases – sharing tacit knowledge, creating concepts, justifying concepts, building prototypes, and cross‐leveling knowledge – from Nonaka et al.'s knowledge conversion theory as the theoretical foundation.Design/methodology/approach – A total of 914 survey responses collected from 14 for‐profit Korean business organizations representing the country's leading businesses were used to examine the factor structure of those five phases, using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Findings – Results confirmed that the current version of knowledge creation practice measurement, which has five sub‐dimensions along with ten items, is valid and applicable specifically in the Korean for‐profit business context in terms of the psychometric properties of the measurement and measurement factor structure.Research limitations/implica.
Tool support for cooperative object-oriented design: gesture based modelling on an electronic whiteboard

Modeling is important in object-oriented software development. Although a number of Computer Aided Software Engineering (CASE) tools are available, and even though some are technically advanced, few developers use them. This paper describes our attempt to examine the requirements needed to provide tool support for the development process, and describes and evaluates a tool, Knight, which has been developed based on these requirements. The tool is based on a direct, whiteboard-like interaction achieved using gesture input on a large electronic whiteboard. So far the evaluations have been successful and the tool shows the potential of greatly enhancing current support for object-oriented modeling.
Interaction of the Adenovirus 14.7-kDa Protein with FLICE Inhibits Fas Ligand-induced Apoptosis*

Adenovirus type 5 encodes a 14.7-kDa protein that protects infected cells from tumor necrosis factor-induced cytolysis by an unknown mechanism. In this report, we demonstrate that infection of cells with an adenovirus vector expressing Fas ligand induced rapid apoptosis that was blocked by coinfection with a virus expressing 14.7K. Moreover, AdFasL/G infection resulted in the rapid activation of DEVD-specific caspases, and caspase activation was blocked by coinfection with Ad14.7/G. Cell death induced by the overexpression of Fas ligand, Fas-associated death domain-containing protein (FADD)/MORT1, or FADD-like interleukin-1β-converting enzyme (FLICE)/caspase-8 in a virus-free system was efficiently blocked by 14.7K expression. Moreover, we demonstrate that 14.7K interacts with FLICE. These results support the idea that FLICE is a cellular target for the 14.7-kDa protein.
Which national group will I identify myself with?: The role of preferred and perceived identity representations

Research shows that the more people identify with a national in-group, the more their citizenship representation becomes in line with the citizenship discourse attached to this national-identity. However, although national identification may lead to a preference for a specific citizenship representation, national identification might itself depend on preexisting citizenship representation preferences. In line with this, a longitudinal study among Flemish-Belgian high-school students (N = 275) showed reciprocal relations between national identification and citizenship representation. A second study among Flemish-Belgian high-school students (N = 407) then showed that strength of national identification does not simply depend on preexisting citizenship representation preferences but on the (mis)match between such preferences and the citizenship representation perceived to be attached to a national-identity. In addition, results showed that the relation between national identification and out-group attitudes depends on the national-identity under consideration.
Childhoods in Context

Childhood is a series, co-published with The Open University which represents a coherent and integrated treatment to a wide range of topics and approaches, which will have a relevance to courses in childhood studies; sociology; psychology; anthropology and cultural studies. The second volume, Childhoods in Context examines the interplay between family, schooling, work, and other influences in the daily lives of children and young people. Topics include changing family patterns, debates about school versus work, and current concerns about child labour. Issues in early childhood are discussed, as well as the transition from child to adult. The dramatic historical changes in parents' and children's patterns of work, both inside and outside the home, are examined in relation to the relatively recent emergence of universal schooling. In addition, this book questions contemporary children's involvement in work and their beliefs and decisions about institutional schooling; how this affects their experiences and to the control they have over their lives.