Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Co-ranking Authors and Documents in a Heterogeneous Network

Recent graph-theoretic approaches have demonstrated remarkable successes for ranking networked entities, but most of their applications are limited to homogeneous networks such as the network of citations between publications. This paper proposes a novel method for co-ranking authors and their publications using several networks: the social network connecting the authors, the citation network connecting the publications, as well as the authorship network that ties the previous two together. The new co-ranking framework is based on coupling two random walks, that separately rank authors and documents following the PageRankparadigm. As a result, improved rankings of documents and their authors depend on each other in a mutually reinforcing way, thus taking advantage of the additional information implicit in the heterogeneous network of authors and documents.
Deregulated E2f-2 Underlies Cell Cycle and Maturation Defects in Retinoblastoma Null Erythroblasts

ABSTRACT By assessing the contribution of deregulated E2F activity to erythroid defects in Rb null mice, we have identified E2f-2 as being upregulated in end-stage red cells, where we show it is the major pRb-associated E2f and the predominant E2f detected at key target gene promoters. Consistent with its expression pattern, E2f-2 loss restored terminal erythroid maturation to Rb null red cells, including the ability to undergo enucleation. Deletion of E2f-2 also extended the life span of Rb null mice despite persistent defects in placental development, indicating that deregulated E2f-2 activity in differentiating erythroblasts contributes to the premature lethality of Rb null mice. We show that the aberrant entry of Rb null erythroblasts into S phase at times in differentiation when wild-type erythroblasts are exiting the cell cycle is inhibited by E2f-2 deletion. E2f-2 loss induced cell cycle arrest in both wild-type and Rb null erythroblasts and was associated with increased DNA double-strand breaks. These results implicate deregulated E2f-2 in the cell cycle defects observed in Rb null erythroblasts and reveal a novel role for E2f-2 during terminal red blood cell differentiation. The identification of a tissue-restricted role for E2f-2 in erythropoiesis highlights the nonredundant nature of E2f transcription factor activities in cell growth and differentiation.
The Default Mode Network in Healthy Aging and Alzheimer's Disease

In the past decade, a “default mode network” (DMN) has been highlighted in neuroimaging studies as a set of brain regions showing increased activity in task-free state compared to cognitively demanding task, and synchronized activity at rest. Changes within this network have been described in healthy aging as well as in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and populations at risk for AD, that is, amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment (aMCI) patients and APOE-ε4 carriers. This is of particular interest in the context of early diagnosis and more generally for our understanding of the physiopathological mechanisms of AD. This paper gives an overview of the anatomical and physiological characteristics of this network as well as its relationships with cognition, before focusing on changes in the DMN over normal aging and Alzheimer's disease. While perturbations of the DMN have been consistently reported, especially within the posterior cingulate, further studies are needed to understand their clinical implication.
The Wolbachia Genome of Brugia malayi: Endosymbiont Evolution within a Human Pathogenic Nematode

Complete genome DNA sequence and analysis is presented for Wolbachia, the obligate alpha-proteobacterial endosymbiont required for fertility and survival of the human filarial parasitic nematode Brugia malayi. Although, quantitatively, the genome is even more degraded than those of closely related Rickettsia species, Wolbachia has retained more intact metabolic pathways. The ability to provide riboflavin, flavin adenine dinucleotide, heme, and nucleotides is likely to be Wolbachia's principal contribution to the mutualistic relationship, whereas the host nematode likely supplies amino acids required for Wolbachia growth. Genome comparison of the Wolbachia endosymbiont of B. malayi (wBm) with the Wolbachia endosymbiont of Drosophila melanogaster (wMel) shows that they share similar metabolic trends, although their genomes show a high degree of genome shuffling. In contrast to wMel, wBm contains no prophage and has a reduced level of repeated DNA. Both Wolbachia have lost a considerable number of membrane biogenesis genes that apparently make them unable to synthesize lipid A, the usual component of proteobacterial membranes. However, differences in their peptidoglycan structures may reflect the mutualistic lifestyle of wBm in contrast to the parasitic lifestyle of wMel. The smaller genome size of wBm, relative to wMel, may reflect the loss of genes required for infecting host cells and avoiding host defense systems. Analysis of this first sequenced endosymbiont genome from a filarial nematode provides insight into endosymbiont evolution and additionally provides new potential targets for elimination of cutaneous and lymphatic human filarial disease.
Comparative Study of Different Sire Evaluation Methods Using First Lactation Traits in Crossbred Cattle

The records of 1085 crossbred cattle daughters of 57 sires maintained during 1974-2004 at Instructional Dairy Farm of Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, India were used to evaluate sires for first lactation performance traits. The data were analyzed to estimate the breeding values of sires using least squares methods (LSM), best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) and derivative free restricted maximum likelihood (DFREML) method. The average breeding values of sires estimated by all 3 methods were similar and estimated for age at first calving (AFC), first lactation period (FLP), first dry period (FDP) and first calving interval (FCI) as 1359.95 days, 356.56 days, 177.58 days and 534.15 days respectively. The estimated breeding values (EBV’S) showed large genetic variation between sires for first lactation. The EBV’S of sires had very high and significant product moment correlations and rank correlations among all first lactation traits. These results revealed that estimated breeding values of sires estimated for first lactation traits by LSM method showed small genetic variation in comparison to BLUP and DFREML methods. The LSM method was found to be more efficient, accurate, and stable with lowest genetic variation.
Variation in actigraphy-estimated rest-activity patterns by demographic factors

ABSTRACT Rest-activity patterns provide an indication of circadian rhythmicity in the free-living setting. We aimed to describe the distributions of rest-activity patterns in a sample of adults and children across demographic variables. A sample of adults (N = 590) and children (N = 58) wore an actigraph on their nondominant wrist for 7 days and nights. We generated rest-activity patterns from cosinor analysis (MESOR, acrophase and magnitude) and nonparametric circadian rhythm analysis (IS: interdaily stability; IV: intradaily variability; L5: least active 5-hour period; M10: most active 10-hour period; and RA: relative amplitude). Demographic variables included age, sex, race, education, marital status, and income. Linear mixed-effects models were used to test for demographic differences in rest-activity patterns. Adolescents, compared to younger children, had (1) later M10 midpoints (β = 1.12 hours [95% CI: 0.43, 1.18] and lower M10 activity levels; (2) later L5 midpoints (β = 1.6 hours [95% CI: 0.9, 2.3]) and lower L5 activity levels; (3) less regular rest-activity patterns (lower IS and higher IV); and 4) lower magnitudes (β = −0.95 [95% CI: −1.28, −0.63]) and relative amplitudes (β = −0.1 [95% CI: −0.14, −0.06]). Mid-to-older adults, compared to younger adults (aged 18–29 years), had (1) earlier M10 midpoints (β = −1.0 hours [95% CI: −1.6, −0.4]; (2) earlier L5 midpoints (β = −0.7 hours [95% CI: −1.2, −0.2]); and (3) more regular rest-activity patterns (higher IS and lower IV). The magnitudes and relative amplitudes were similar across the adult age categories. Sex, race and education level rest-activity differences were also observed. Rest-activity patterns vary across the lifespan, and differ by race, sex and education. Understanding population variation in these patterns provides a foundation for further elucidating the health implications of rest-activity patterns across the lifespan.
Laminar burning velocity of natural gas/syngas-air mixture

This study suggests the equimolar mixture of Natural Gas (100% CH4) and Synthesis Gas (40% H2 + 40% CO + 20% CO2) as an alternative to reduce hydrocarbons consumption and reduce pollutant emissions. As a key parameter to characterize this combustible mixture, the laminar burning velocity was studied based on numerical simulations and experimental measurements in fl ames generated using a contoured slot-type nozzle burner and the Schlieren technique, varying the air-fuel ratio at standard temperature and pressure. It was found that the fl ame speed of the equimolar mixture increases with respect to that of pure methane. This behavior can be explained by the presence of hydrogen in the fuel mixture, which has a direct effect on the combustion kinetics, generating H and OH radicals that increase the global reaction rate of the mixture and consequently the burning velocity.
Online policy adaptation for ensemble classifiers

Ensemble algorithms can improve the performance of a given learning algorithm through the combination of multiple base classifiers into an ensemble. In this paper, the idea of using an adaptive policy for training and combining the base classifiers is put forward. The effectiveness of this approach for online learning is demonstrated by experimental results on several UCI benchmark databases.
HOTPAPER: multimedia interaction with paper using mobile phones

The popularity of camera phones enables many exciting multimedia applications. In this paper, we present a novel technology and several applications that allow users to interact with paper documents, books, and magazines. This interaction is in the form of reading and writing electronic information, such as images, web urls, video, and audio, to the paper medium by pointing a camera phone at a patch of text on a document. Our application does not require any special markings, barcodes, or watermarks on the paper document. Instead, we propose a document recognition algorithm that automatically determines the location of a patch of text in a large collection of document images given a small document image. This is very challenging because the majority of phone cameras lack autofocus and macro capabilities and they produce low quality images and video. We developed a novel algorithm, Brick Wall Coding (BWC), that performs image-based document recognition using the mobile phone video frames. Given a document patch image, BWC utilizes the layout, i.e. relative locations, of word boxes in order to determine the original file, page, and the location on the page. BWC runs real-time (4 frames per second) on a Treo 700w smartphone with a 312 MHz processor and 64MB RAM. Using our method we can recognize blurry document patch frames that contain as little as 4-5 lines of text and a video resolution as low as 176x144. We performed experiments by indexing 4397 document pages and querying this database with 533 document patches. Besides describing the basic algorithm, this paper also describes several applications that are enabled by mobile phone-paper interaction, such as inserting electronic annotations to paper, using paper as a tangible interface to collect and communicate multimedia data, and collaborative homework.
Patterns of corticocortical, corticotectal, and commissural connections in the opossum visual cortex

Patterns of connections of the visual cortex of the South American opossum, Didelphis aurita, were revealed by using neuronal tracers to identify and characterize visual specializations of the peristriate cortex (PS). The visuotopy of corticotectal connections of the anterolateral portion of PS (PSal) is symmetrical to that of the striate cortex (ST or primary visual area [V1]). Three consecutive bands of commissural connections coincide, respectively, with the ST‐PS border, the limit between the caudal and rostral PSal halves (PSc and PSr), and the border of PS with the parietal and temporal cortices. PSc and PSr contain regular commissural rings similar to those present in the peristriate cortex of eutherian mammals. ST projections define in PSc two strings of periodical foci consecutively concentric to V1 and a single focus in PSr. Although they were organized topographically, ascending, descending, and commissural connections between ST and PSal showed a high degree of convergence and divergence. These results conform to the model of a single area homologous to the second visual area (V2) bordering V1. Moreover, they suggest the possibility that PSal includes either one or two additional belt‐like areas successively anterior to V2. Along with the finding of alternating bands of high and low cytochrome oxidase activity in PSal, the data further suggest that this region contains modular specializations similar to those of the peristriate cortex of primates and other eutherian mammals. The posterolateral peristriate cortex (PSpl) constitutes another visual area, since it consists of a distinct focus of reciprocal corticocortical and interhemispheric connections and a separate source of corticotectal projections. Finally, a visuomotor function for the orbital cortex is proposed based on its direct projections to optical tectal layers. The close cladistic relationship of opossums to mammalian ancestral forms suggests that the PSal parcelation into belt‐like areas that contain modules reflects the primitive organization of the visual cortex. Moreover, a highly diffuse pattern of corticocortical connections may represent a requirement for a brain with few visual areas to perform global processing. J. Comp. Neurol. 416:224–244, 2000. © 2000 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effects of tendon viscoelasticity in Achilles tendinosis on explosive performance and clinical severity in athletes

The aim was to compare viscoelastic properties of Achilles tendons between legs in elite athletes with unilateral tendinosis, and to investigate relationships between the properties and explosive performance and clinical severity. Seventeen male athletes (mean ± standard deviation age, 27.3 ± 2.0 years) who had unilateral, chronic middle‐portion tendinopathy of the Achilles tendon were assessed by the Victorian Institute of Sport Assessment questionnaire, measurements of tendon viscoelastic properties, voluntary electromechanical delay (EMD), normalized rate of force development (RFD), and one‐leg hopping distance. Compared with the non‐injured leg, the tendinopathic leg showed reduced tendon stiffness (−19.2%. P < 0.001), greater mechanical hysteresis (+21.2%, P = 0.004), lower elastic energy storage and release (−14.2%, P = 0.002 and −19.1%, P < 0.001), lower normalized RFD at one‐fourth (−16.3%, P = 0.02), 2/4 (−17.3%, P = 0.006), and three‐fourths maximal voluntary contraction (−13.7%, P = 0.02), longer soleus and medial gastrocnemius voluntary EMD (+26.9%, P = 0.009 and +24.0%, P = 0.004), and shorter hopping distances (−34.1%, P < 0.001). Tendon stiffness was correlated with normalized RFD, voluntary EMD in the medial gastrocnemius, and hopping distances (r ranged from −0.35 to 0.64, P < 0.05). Hysteresis was correlated to the soleus voluntary EMD and hopping distances (r = 0.42 and −0.39, P < 0.05). We concluded that altered tendon viscoelastic properties in Achilles tendinosis affect explosive performance in athletes.
Observations and considerations on destabilizing active rock glaciers in the European Alps

In many high mountain regions, warming of perennially frozen ground in both coarse debris and rock walls has a major influence on slope stability. In this context, indications of destabilizing active rock glaciers, such as high horizontal velocities (up to 4 ma-1), front advance rates of up to 4 ma-1, and development of crevasse-like cracks (up to 14 m deep), have been documented and monitored in the Alps for a few years. Beside the limited knowledge of rock glacier dynamics, our principle hypothesis is that the primary factors controlling the development of cracks and the destabilization of rock glacier tongues are the rheological properties of warming ice. In addition, we postulate that hydrological effects of unfrozen water within the active layer, the permafrost body, or at its base may contribute to the initiation of the slide-like mass wasting.
Who Defaults on their Home Mortgage?

Since February 2010, detailed information on every home mortgage default and foreclosure in New York State must be filed with the New York State Banking Department (NYSBD). Pairing the NYSBD's data with data on originations from the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act (HMDA) enables us to identify the race and ethnicity of borrowers who defaulted on their home mortgages (in New York State). Like many previous studies, we find strong racial and ethnic disparities in lending practices, but we do not find conclusive evidence that HMDA-measurable forms of discrimination increased a borrower's probability of default. After controlling for other factors, we find that the interest rates charged to black and Latino borrowers tended to be higher than the ones charged to their white and non-Latino counterparts. This may be one reason why blacks and Latinos tend to default at a higher rate, but other factors, such as the tendency of black and Latino borrowers to take out larger loans than their white and non-Latino counterparts, may also have contributed to the higher default rate among black and Latino borrowers.
Predictors of outcome in paediatric IgA nephropathy with regard to clinical and histopathological variables (Oxford classification).

BACKGROUND There has been a lack of international consensus on the classification and the predictive value of the histopathology findings in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). Recently, the International IgA Nephropathy Network has developed the Oxford classification in which four histological variables with the most prognostic importance are identified (MEST score). Our objective was to validate these findings and to assess their predictive power in our cohort and to compare them to identified clinical predictors. METHODS Ninety-nine children with a follow-up time >5 years were included and investigated with clearances of inulin or iohexol for glomerular filtration rate (GFR), proteinuria and blood pressure at biopsy and during follow-up. Biopsies (90/99) were re-evaluated and scored according to the Oxford classification. RESULTS Eighteen patients progressed to a poor outcome [end-stage renal disease (ESRD) or GFR reduction >50%]. In the univariate analysis, we found that mesangial hypercellullarity score >0.5, presence of endocapillary hypercellularity or tubular atrophy/interstitial fibrosis of >25% were each associated with a poor outcome, and also presence of cellular or fibrocellular crescents and of global glomerulosclerosis, but segmental glomerulosclerosis did not reach statistical significance. The clinical predictors of a poor outcome were a low GFR, a high mean arterial blood pressure and a high amount of albuminuria (log Ualb/c) at time of biopsy and low GFR and a high log Ualb/c during follow-up. CONCLUSION We found that three of the four histology lesions identified in the Oxford classification, as well as presence of crescents, were valid in predicting a poor outcome in our cohort of patients.
Light on horizontal interactive surfaces: Input space for tabletop computing

In the last 25 years we have witnessed the rise and growth of interactive tabletop research, both in academic and in industrial settings. The rising demand for the digital support of human activities motivated the need to bring computational power to table surfaces. In this article, we review the state of the art of tabletop computing, highlighting core aspects that frame the input space of interactive tabletops: (a) developments in hardware technologies that have caused the proliferation of interactive horizontal surfaces and (b) issues related to new classes of interaction modalities (multitouch, tangible, and touchless). A classification is presented that aims to give a detailed view of the current development of this research area and define opportunities and challenges for novel touch- and gesture-based interactions between the human and the surrounding computational environment.
Formation of active monomers from tetrameric human β-tryptase

Tryptase is a serine protease that is stored at low pH in the mast cell secretory granules in complex with heparin proteoglycan. When mast cells are activated, e.g. during allergic responses, the tryptase}heparin complexes are released together with a variety of other preformed inflammatory mediators. Previous crystallization of human β-tryptase revealed a unique tetrameric structure with all of the active sites facing a central pore that has a limited accessibility both for potential substrates as well as for protease inhibitors. In this study we examined whether human βtryptase, in addition, could form active monomers. Incubation of recombinant tetrameric human β-tryptase at neutral pH and 37 °C, followed by gel-filtration analysis using a running buffer containing pig mucosal heparin, led to the formation of enzymically active compounds that were of a size compatible with tryptase monomers in complex with heparin. The monomers
1T-1R pillar-type topological-switching random access memory (TRAM) and data retention of GeTe/Sb2Te3 super-lattice films

A 1T-1R pillar-type “topological-switching RAM” (TRAM) and the data retention of GeTe/Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>3</sub> super-lattice were investigated. Reset voltage of TRAM, 2 V, was 40 % of that of the conventional PCM with Ge<sub>2</sub>Sb<sub>2</sub>Te<sub>5</sub>. From data retention evaluation, the TRAM was found to endure the retention at 260 °C for 18 hours.
Empirically supported individual and group psychological treatments for adult mental disorders.

The experimental literature on individual and group psychological treatments for adult disorders is reviewed. For each of the 11 disorders or problems covered, treatments that fall into the following categories, as defined by D.L. Chambless and S. D. Hollon (1998), are identified: efficacious and specific, efficacious, and possibly efficacious. Behavioral and cognitive-behavioral treatments dominate the lists, especially in the anxiety disorders, with notable exceptions. Reasons for the hegemony of the behavioral and cognitive modalities are discussed, and some limitations of the empirically supported treatment concept are addressed. Continued research is recommended on Aptitude x Treatment interactions, cost-benefit ratios, and generalization of treatments to a variety of patient populations, therapists, and treatment settings.