Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Severe hearing loss in seniors: Surgical risks and audiological outcome after cochlear implantation

Background: Aim of study was the evaluation of hearing improvement, quality of life and surgical risks in geriatric patients receiving a cochlear implant. Material and methods: 78 postlingual deafened patients older than 60 years (yrs) implanted between 2007 and 2012. The cohort was divided into 60-69 yrs (G II, n=35) and >70 yrs (G III, n=43). Subjective improvement in different everyday surroundings was evaluated by APHAB questionnaire. Improvement in quality of life was assessed by a QoL questionnaire. Preoperative risk factors and perioperative complications were analyzed via retrospective chart review. All subjects were categorized preoperatively according to ASA-Criteria. Audiological improvement was tested by Freiburger speech test for monoand bisyllables. Results were compared to a younger control group aged 40-59 yrs (G I, n=39) having received CI in comparable conditions. 117 patients were included. Results: According to APHAB questionnaire all groups had a significant increase in perception in everyday surroundings. An improvement in quality of life was reported in all groups. No increase in surgical complications in the older groups was recorded. Seniors at age 60-69 yrs. do not differ from a younger control. No difference in speech perception was shown for bisyllabic words in G I, II, and III (98%, 65dB). G III showed a lower perception for monosyllabic words (53%, 65dB) than G I (63%, 65dB) and G II (58%, 65dB). Conclusion: Geriatric patients over 70 yrs. significantly benefit from cochlear implantation, though outcome in speech perception is marginally inferior to younger patients. Correspondence to: Dr. med. Kerstin Stähr, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery University Hospital of Essen, Hufelandstr 55, 45147 Essen, Germany; Tel: 0049/201-7232971; Fax: 0049/201-7235903; E-mail: kerstin.staehr@uk-essen.de
Perceptions of Sexual Harassment: The Influence of Gender and Academic Context

Two hundred eight faculty members and 314 graduate students located at a West Coast university were presented with 24 brief situations describing five types of sexual harassment in a university setting: gender harassment, seductive behavior, sexual bribery, sexual coercion, and sexual imposition or assault. The participants were randomly assigned to rate the situations under one of four instructional conditions that described combinations of the level of the student and authority of the faculty portrayed in the brief vignettes. Women were more likely than men to view less explicitly coercive situations as harassing; however, neither the target student's level (i.e., graduate or undergraduate) nor the degree of the faculty member's power over her affected the participants' ratings of the situations. The results indicated that, with the exception of the more coercive and intrusive behaviors, considerable uncertainty may still exist about what constitutes sexual harassment within the university setting.
Inferring social roles in long timespan video sequence

In this paper, we present a method for inferring social roles of agents (persons) from their daily activities in long surveillance video sequences. We define activities as interactions between an agent's position and semantic hotspots within the scene. Given a surveillance video, our method first tracks the locations of agents then automatically discovers semantic hotspots in the scene. By enumerating spatial/temporal locations between an agent's feet and hotspots in a scene, we define a set of atomic actions, which in turn compose sub-events and events. The numbers and types of events performed by an agent are assumed to be driven by his/her social role. With the grammar model induced by composition rules, an adapted Earley parser algorithm is used to parse the trajectories into events, sub-events and atomic actions. With probabilistic output of events, the roles of agents can be predicted under the Bayesian inference framework. Experiments are carried out on a challenging 8.5 hours video from a surveillance camera in the lobby of a research lab. The video contains 7 different social roles including “manager”, “researcher”, “developer”, “engineer”, “staff”, “visitor” and “mailman”. Results show that our proposed method can predict the role of each agent with high precision.
Finlandisation versus westernisation: Political recognition and Finland's European Union membership debate

It is often said that Finland's European Union (EU) membership in 1995 finally made it a ‘purely Western’ nation. This article theorises upon the membership debate by studying the geopolitical rhetoric used for and against EU membership from 1990 to 1994. It is argued that political studies of this kind should address arguments used in situations where competing actors try to persuade the public to support their own political goals and to increase their political power. In this context, national identity (i.e., competing interpretations of national history, geographical affiliation, the national future and national interests) becomes a rhetorical resource for political elites. The EU membership debate that took place in Finland reveals how important geography was in the context of this identity-political dispute and emphasises the importance of political recognition in legitimising crucial political decisions—in this case, joining the Western European integration process.
Rer1p competes with APH-1 for binding to nicastrin and regulates γ-secretase complex assembly in the early secretory pathway

The γ-secretase complex, consisting of presenilin, nicastrin, presenilin enhancer-2 (PEN-2), and anterior pharynx defective-1 (APH-1) cleaves type I integral membrane proteins like amyloid precursor protein and Notch in a process of regulated intramembrane proteolysis. The regulatory mechanisms governing the multistep assembly of this “proteasome of the membrane” are unknown. We characterize a new interaction partner of nicastrin, the retrieval receptor Rer1p. Rer1p binds preferentially immature nicastrin via polar residues within its transmembrane domain that are also critical for interaction with APH-1. Absence of APH-1 substantially increased binding of nicastrin to Rer1p, demonstrating the competitive nature of these interactions. Moreover, Rer1p expression levels control the formation of γ-secretase subcomplexes and, concomitantly, total cellular γ-secretase activity. We identify Rer1p as a novel limiting factor that negatively regulates γ-secretase complex assembly by competing with APH-1 during active recycling between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and Golgi. We conclude that total cellular γ-secretase activity is restrained by a secondary ER control system that provides a potential therapeutic value.
Sham nepotism as a result of intrinsic differences in brood viability in ants

In animal societies, cooperation for the common wealth and latent conflicts due to the selfish interests of individuals are in delicate balance. In many ant species, colonies contain multiple breeders and workers interact with nestmates of varying degrees of relatedness. Therefore, workers could increase their inclusive fitness by preferentially caring for their closest relatives, yet evidence for nepotism in insect societies remains scarce and controversial. We experimentally demonstrate that workers of the ant Formica exsecta do not discriminate between highly related and unrelated brood, but that brood viability differs between queens. We further show that differences in brood viability are sufficient to explain a relatedness pattern that has previously been interpreted as evidence for nepotism. Hence, our findings support the view that nepotism remains elusive in social insects and emphasize the need for further controlled experiments.
The Three Exit, Three Voice and Loyalty Framework: A Test with Survey Data on Local Services

The article presents a modified Hirschman framework with three types of exit: moving location; moving from the public to a private sector provider; and moving between public sector providers; and three types of voice: private voice (complaining about private goods); voting; and collective action. Seven hypotheses are generated from this framework. The article then presents evidence from the first round of an online survey examining citizen satisfaction with public services and the relationship between exit and voice opportunities. We find dissatisfied people are more likely to complain privately, vote and engage in other forms of collective participation; but only a weak relationship exists between dissatisfaction and geographical exit. We find some evidence that the exit–voice trade-off might exist as more alert consumers are more likely to move from the public to the private sector and those ‘locked in’ are more likely to complain than those who have outside options. Overall the results tend to corroborate the hypotheses drawn from the modified Hirschman framework.
Effect of family role on response to disaster

This study hypothesized that family role (marital and parental status) would moderate the effect of disaster exposure on the mental health of victims. The study included St. Louis residents exposed to floods and dioxin, as well as Puerto Rican respondents exposed to floods and mudslides. In St. Louis, worst outcomes were found for single and married parents exposed to disaster, substantially exceeding the symptomatology of all unexposed respondents except non-victim single parents. In Puerto Rico, victims without families had higher levels of alcohol abuse symptoms than did any other subgroup. Perceived emotional support was found to be an important moderator of disaster's effect on psychiatric distress in this site, generally overriding the effect of family role. Single parents in both sites who were exposed to disaster had substantially reduced levels of emotional support available to them, as compared to unexposed single parents, suggesting that single parents are at particularly high risk for losing access to emotional support following a disaster. This study suggests that both single and married parents constitute important high-risk victim groups. The findings also suggest that those perceiving they lack adequate emotional support, regardless of family role, may be in special need of services.
Content Knowledge for Physical Education

Note: Keynote Address presented at the C&I Academy Conference at the AAHPERD National Convention in Boston, April 1989. The first source of the knowledge base is content knowledge—the knowledge, understanding, skill, and disposition that are to be learned by school children. This knowledge rests on two foundations: the accumulated literature and studies in the content areas, and the historical and philosophical scholarship on the nature of knowledge in those fields of study. Lee Shulman (1987, pp. 8-9)
Increased plasma advanced oxidation protein products is an early marker of endothelial dysfunction in type 2 diabetes patients without albuminuria 血浆晚期蛋白氧化产物浓度升高是无白蛋白尿的2型糖尿病患者内皮细胞功能异常的早期标志物

Endothelial dysfunction is an early event of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes (T2D) and can occur before albuminuria. Oxidative stress has been found to play a key role in the development of endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, we hypothesized that increases in plasma advanced oxidized protein products (AOPPs), a family of oxidized, dityrosine‐containing protein compounds generated during oxidative stress, could serve as an early marker of endothelial dysfunction in T2D patients without albuminuria.
Early Intervention Service Coordination Models and Service Coordinator Practices

The relationship between three different service coordinator models (dedicated and independent, dedicated but not independent, and blended) and the use of nine different service coordinator practices was examined in a study of families of infants and toddlers enrolled in the IDEA Part C early intervention program. Results showed that service coordinators provided children and families fewer services when using a dedicated and independent model and that the same service coordinators had less frequent contact with families and early intervention staff compared to service coordinators working in the context of the other two service coordination models. Strengths and limitations of the different service coordination models are discussed.
Status and reputation: Synonyms or separate concepts?

Status and reputation have often been treated as synonyms. These concepts, however, arise from disconnected literatures in which they had quite distinct connotations. This article explores the similarities and differences between these theoretical constructs, discusses the extent to which research in the management literature has captured one versus the other, and proposes a path for moving forward our understanding of these concepts.
Ridge dimensions of the edentulous posterior maxilla: a retrospective analysis of a cohort of 127 patients using computerized tomography data.

OBJECTIVES to evaluate the edentulous ridge dimensions of maxillary posterior sextants with a tridimensional radiographic technique. The influence of the presence/absence of teeth adjacent to the edentulous site on the dimensions of the edentulous ridge was also evaluated. MATERIAL AND METHODS computerized tomography (CT) scans of 127 patients (65 males and 62 females; mean age: 55.2 ± 10.1 years) with at least one missing tooth in the maxillary posterior sextants were analyzed. On CT cross sections, bone height (BH), bone width (BW) at 1, 3, and 7 mm from the most coronal point of the alveolar crest (BW(1 mm) , BW(3 mm) , and BW(7 mm) , respectively) and the relative vertical ridge position (rVRP) were assessed at the first premolar, second premolar, first molar and second molar edentulous sites. RESULTS the results of the study indicate that (i) the maxillary sinus was radiographically evident in about 50% of first premolar sites and 90-100% of second premolar and molar sites; (ii) BH showed a significant decrease from first premolar to molar sites; (iii) BW(1 mm) was higher at second molar site compared with the first and second premolar sites, BW(3 mm) and BW(7 mm) were higher at each molar site compared with each premolar site; (iv) the proportion of sites with BH ≥ 8mm and BWI mm ≥ 6mm was 28.3%, 18.4%, 8.0% and 18.2% [corrected] at first premolar, second premolar, first molar and second molar sites, respectively. The absence of teeth adjacent to the edentulous site negatively affected rVRP, but not BH and BW. CONCLUSIONS The results of the study indicate that at premolar and molar sites, [corrected] the dimensions of the alveolar crest may call for bone augmentation procedures for proper implant placement in a substantial amount of edentulous patients. When both mesial and distal tooth adjacent to the edentulous site are absent, the placement of implants of adequate dimensions may be more challenging due to a more apical position of the alveolar ridge compared with sites where both adjacent teeth are present.
Using the Lifegrid in Qualitative Interviews With Parents and Substance Abusing Adolescents

In diesem Beitrag beschaftigen wir uns mit der Nutzbarkeit von Lifegrids (LG), einem retrospektiven Datenerhebungsverfahren, fur die Rekonstruktion jugendlichen Drogenmissbrauchs aus der Perspektive der Jugendlichen und ihrer Mutter. Wir profitierten hier insbesondere von dem durch das Verfahren ermoglichten Rapport zwischen uns und unseren Gesprachspartner/innen, von dem Ausmas, in dem es zum Erinnern verhalf und von den eroffneten Querbezugen zwischen den Beitragen der Teilnehmenden. Diese Vorteile besprechen wir ausfuhrlich, ebenso einige Herausforderungen, die aus der Verwendung des LG-Ansatzes in unserer qualitativen Studie erwuchsen. URN: http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0114-fqs1503241
Unsupervised Discovery of Biographical Structure from Text

We present a method for discovering abstract event classes in biographies, based on a probabilistic latent-variable model. Taking as input timestamped text, we exploit latent correlations among events to learn a set of event classes (such as Born, Graduates High School, and Becomes Citizen), along with the typical times in a person’s life when those events occur. In a quantitative evaluation at the task of predicting a person’s age for a given event, we find that our generative model outperforms a strong linear regression baseline, along with simpler variants of the model that ablate some features. The abstract event classes that we learn allow us to perform a large-scale analysis of 242,970 Wikipedia biographies. Though it is known that women are greatly underrepresented on Wikipedia—not only as editors (Wikipedia, 2011) but also as subjects of articles (Reagle and Rhue, 2011)—we find that there is a bias in their characterization as well, with biographies of women containing significantly more emphasis on events of marriage and divorce than biographies of men.
Cross-presentation of Disialoganglioside GD3 to Natural Killer T Cells

GD3, a ganglioside expressed on human melanoma, can be recognized by the humoral immune system. In this paper, we demonstrate that immunizing mice with the human melanoma cell line SK-MEL-28 (GD3+ GM2− CD1−) or with syngeneic APCs loaded with GD3 can induce a GD3-reactive natural killer T (NKT) cell response. GD3-reactive NKT cells were detected among splenocytes of immunized mice at frequencies of ∼1:2,000 both by ELISPOT and GD3-loaded mouse CD1d tetramer analysis. GD3-reactive NKT cells did not react with GM2, a closely related ganglioside, and were not detectable in unimmunized mice. GD3-reactive NKT cells initially produced IL-4 and IFN-γ followed by IL-10. They were CD1d restricted in that reactivity was abrogated when APCs were blocked with anti-CD1d monoclonal antibody before being loaded with GD3 or when APCs from CD1d knockout mice were used. Because SK-MEL-28 does not express any isoform of human CD1, GD3 must be cross-presented by murine APCs in vivo. This is the first analysis of a natural ligand for mouse NKT cells and the first definitive paper of cross-presentation to NKT cells. This could be a mechanism for NKT cell recognition of tumor gangliosides in CD1− tumors.
Role of Mathematics Self-Efficacy in the Choice of Math- Related Majors of College Women and Men: A Path Analysis

The purpose of the present study was to test the hypothesis that mathematicsrelated self-efficacy mediates the effects of gender and mathematical preparation and achievement on math relatedness of college major choice. The responses of 117 undergraduates to a series of inventories and questionnaires yielded seven variables descriptive of the math-related career choice process; a causal model of the interrelationships of these variables was constructed from predictions based on self-efficacy theory. A path analysis and consequent refinement of the model resulted in a final path model that was congruent with a self-efficacy approach to women's career development. Unexpected results and implications of the model are discussed. The increasing realization on the part of counseling psychologists that our knowledge of women's vocational behavior and career development is inadequate (Fitzgerald & Crites, 1980; Osipow, 1983; Vetter, 1978) has been accompanied by a dramatic increase in the empirical literature devoted to this topic. Still missing, however, is a synthesizing framework, a relevant theoretical conceptualization of women's career development which is capable of integrating existing knowledge and guiding future research and intervention efforts. In an attempt to fill this conceptual void, Hackett and Betz (1981) have outlined a self-efficacy approach to women's career development. This approach stresses the
Support and self-care: professional reflections of six New Zealand high school counsellors

ABSTRACT In many Western societies there is increasing demand for counselling; in turn, heightened levels of support needs have been identified for counsellors themselves. Despite calls for practitioners to adopt a more proactive approach to self-care, research suggests many still pay insufficient attention to alleviating on-the-job stress or achieving ‘work–life balance’. These issues were examined within the context of inviting six high school counsellors in New Zealand to talk generally about their professional lives. The authors suggest findings support calls for counsellor education programmes to offer structured opportunities for trainees to reflect upon the task of discursively constructing professional roles.
Practical and accurate pinpointing of configuration errors using static analysis

Software misconfigurations are responsible for a substantial part of today's system failures, causing about one-quarter of all customer-reported issues. Identifying their root causes can be costly in terms of time and human resources. We present an approach to automatically pinpoint such defects without error reproduction. It uses static analysis to infer the correlation degree between each configuration option and program sites affected by an exception. The only run-time information required by our approach is the stack trace of a failure. This is an essential advantage compared to existing approaches which require to reproduce errors or to provide testing oracles. We evaluate our approach on 29 errors from 4 configurable software programs, namely JChord, Randoop, Hadoop, and Hbase. Our approach can successfully diagnose 27 out of 29 errors. For 20 errors, the failure-inducing configuration option is ranked first.
A study of potential adverse drug-drug interactions among prescribed drugs in medicine outpatient department of a tertiary care teaching hospital

Objective: To evaluate prevalence, types, and severity of potential adverse drug-drug interaction in medicine out-patient department. Materials and Methods: A single-point, prospective, and observational study was carried out in medicine OPD. Study began after obtaining approval Institutional Ethics Committee. Data were collected and potential drug-drug interactions (pDDIs) were identified using medscape drug interaction checker and were analyzed. Result: A total of 350 prescriptions with mean age 52.45 ± 14.49 years were collected over a period of 5 months. A total of 2066 pDDIs were recorded with mean of 5.90 ± 6.0. The prevalence of pDDI was 83.42%. Aspirin was most frequently prescribed drug in 185 (10.15%) out of total of 1821 drugs It was also the most frequent drug implicated in pDDI i.e. in 48.16%. The most common pDDI identified was metoprolol with aspirin in 126 (6.09%). Mechanism of interactions was pharmacokinetic in 553 (26.76%), pharmacodynamic in 1424 (68.92%) and 89 (4.30%) having an unknown mechanism. Out of all interactions, 76 (3.67%) were serious, 1516 (73.37%) significant, and 474 (22.94%) were minor interaction. Age of the patients (r = 0.327, P = 0.0001) and number of drugs prescribed (r = 0.714, P = 0.0001) are significantly correlated with drug interactions. Conclusion: Aspirin being the most common drug interacting. The use of electronic decision support tools, continuing education and vigilance on the part of prescribers toward drug selection may decrease the problem of pDDIs.