Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Theta oscillation‐coupled dendritic spiking integrates inputs on a long time scale

Persistent neural activity lasting for seconds after transient stimulation has been observed in several brain areas. This activity has been taken to be indicative of the integration of inputs on long time scales. Passive membrane properties render neural time constants to be on the order of milliseconds. Intense synaptic bombardment, characteristic of in vivo states, was previously shown to further reduce the time scale of effective integration. We explored how long‐term integration in single cells could be supported by dendritic spikes coupled with the theta oscillation, a prominent brain rhythm often observed during working memory tasks. We used a two‐compartmental conductance‐based model of a hippocampal pyramidal cell to study the interplay of intrinsic dynamics with periodic inputs in the theta frequency band. We show that periodic dendritic spiking integrates inputs by shifting the phase relative to an external oscillation, since spiking frequency is quasi‐linearly modulated by current injection. The time‐constant of this integration process is practically infinite for input intensities above a threshold (the integration threshold) and can be still several hundred milliseconds long below the integration threshold. The somatic compartment received theta frequency stimulation in antiphase with the dendritic oscillation. Consequently, dendritic spikes could only elicit somatic action potentials when they were sufficiently phase‐shifted and thus coincided with somatic depolarization. Somatic depolarization modulated the frequency but not the phase of firing, endowing the cell with the capability to code for two different variables at the same time. Inputs to the dendrite shifted the phase of dendritic spiking, while somatic input was modulating its firing rate. This mechanism resulted in firing patterns that closely matched experimental data from hippocampal place cells of freely behaving rats. We discuss the plausibility of our proposed mechanism and its potential to account for the firing pattern of cells outside the hippocampus during working memory tasks. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Leveraging Click Completion for Graph-Based Image Ranking

Image ranking is a critical component in the image search systems, and graph-based ranking has become a promising way to enhance the retrieval effectiveness. Leveraging the clickthrough data to facilitate the ranking is one of the current trends. However, the sparse and noisy properties of the click-through data make the exploitation of such resource difficult. To this end, this paper proposes a click completion solution for graphbased image ranking, which consists of two coupled components. The first one is a click completion algorithm to handle the sparseness. Another one is a soft-label graph ranking solution to exploit the completed click-through data noise-tolerantly. We conduct extensive experiments to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme for image retrieval, in which encouraging results validate the effectiveness of the proposed techniques.
Metaphorical Perceptions Of Technology: Case Of Anadolu University Teacher Training Certificate Program

Teknolojinin sundugu olanaklar nedeniyle egitim ortamlarinda etkin bir sekilde kullanilmasi gereklilik haline gelmistir. Teknoloji entegrasyonu surecinde, ogretmenlerin teknolojiye iliskin algilarinin onlarin teknolojiyi kullanip kullanmamalarini buyuk oranda belirleyecegi alanyazindaki arastirmalar tarafindan vurgulanmaktadir. Bu baglamda bu arastirmanin amaci Ogretmenlik Sertifikasi Programi ogrencilerinin teknoloji kavramina iliskin algilarini metaforlar araciligiyla belirlemektir. Arastirmanin calisma grubunu Anadolu Universitesi Egitim Fakultesi Egitim Bilimleri Bolumu Ogretmenlik Sertifikasi Programinda ogrenim goren 164 ogrenci olusturmaktadir. Arastirmada hem nitel hem nicel veri cozumleme teknikleri kullanilmistir. Icerik analiz kullanilarak cozumlenen verilerin analiz sureci sonunda 120 gecerli metafor “hayati kolaylastiran teknoloji”, “yarar saglayan teknoloji”, “zararli olan teknoloji”, “hem yararli hem zararli olan teknoloji”, “gelisen teknoloji”, “bilgiye ulastiran teknoloji” ve “gerekli olan teknoloji” olmak uzere yedi kategoride siniflandirilmistir. Arastirmada ayrica ogretmen adaylarinin urettikleri metaforlarin cinsiyetlerine ve bolumlerine gore farklilik gostermedigi sonucuna ulasilmistir.
The origin of order effects in the results of the bi-thermal caloric test

An order effect, characterized by a progressive decline inresponse magnitude, has been observed in the caloric test,and it has been suggested that the effect may be counteredby applying a correction. This study was undertaken todetermine whether the effect has its origin in physiologicaladaptation or in calibration drift of the recording system.Thirty-two normal subjects underwent the caloric test, inwhich their nystagmus was monitored simultaneously byboth electronystagmography (ENG) and videonystagmography(VNG). The experimental design also allowed otheraspects of the caloric test sequence to be investigated. Noevidence of physiological adaptation of the response wasseen. However, there was a significant change in corneoretinalpotential, and hence ENG calibration, during thetests. This was more marked if subjects' eyes were maintainedin darkness. It is recommended that no correctionbe made for order effects but that the calibration of ENGbasedsystems is adjusted immediately prior to eachcaloric irrigation. Sumario Se ha observado un efecto de orden en las pruebas calóricas,caracterizado por una disminución progresiva enla magnitud de la respuesta, y se ha sugerido que esteefecto puede ser contrarrestado aplicando una corrección. Este estudio se realizó para determinar si el efectotiene su origen en la adaptación fisiológica o en un fenómenode desviación al calibrar el sistema de registro.Treinta y dos sujetos normales fueron sometidos a unaprueba calórica en la que su nistagmo fue monitorizado simultáneamente por electronistagmografía (ENG) y porvideonistagmografía (VNG). El diseño experimental también permitió que se investigaran otros aspectos de lasecuencia en la prueba calórica. No se observó ningunaevidencia de adaptación fisiológica de la respuesta. Sinembargo, existió un cambio significativo en el potencialcórneo-retiniano, y por tanto, en la calibración del ENGdurante la prueba. Esto ocurrió más marcadamente si losojos se mantenían en la oscuridad. Se recomienda norealizar ninguna corrección para el efecto de orden, sinoque la calibración de los sistemas de ENG se ajuste inmediatamente antes de cada irrigación calórica.
Organizational Commitment, Occupational Stress, and Core Self-Evaluation as Predictors of Workplace Deviance

The study investigated organizational commitment, occupational stress, and core self-evaluation as predictors of workplace deviance in the Nigerian civil service. Two hundred and eighty four (284) adults drawn from the University of Nigeria, Nsukka campus participated in the study. Questionnaires were used to elicit information from the participants. Results of regression analyses show that there was a significant negative relationship between organizational commitment and workplace deviance. Also, core self-evaluation was negatively correlated to workplace deviance. This implies that individuals with positive core self-evaluation are less likely to engage in workplace deviance, while individuals with negative core self-evaluation are more likely to engage in workplace deviance.
Human ovarian steroid secretion in vivo: effects of GnRH agonist versus antagonist (cetrorelix).

BACKGROUND In order to investigate whether gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) antagonists exert a significant effect on steroid secretion in vivo compared with GnRH agonists, concentrations of sex steroid hormones (oestradiol, progesterone and testosterone) were studied in follicular fluid from women undergoing ovarian stimulation and treated with either GnRH agonist or antagonist. In addition, the correlation between follicular fluid steroid hormone concentrations and variables of follicular and oocyte development was evaluated. METHODS Microparticle enzyme immunoassay and radioimmunoassays were used. RESULTS The mean (SEM) follicular fluid oestradiol concentration was significantly lower in patients treated with GnRH antagonist than in those treated with GnRH agonist (542.0 +/- 76.9 versus 873.0 +/- 105.1 pg/ml, P = 0.02), which correlates with the mean serum oestradiol concentrations found in these two groups. No significant differences were found between groups in follicular fluid progesterone concentrations. Women undergoing GnRH antagonist treatment showed similar concentrations of follicular fluid testosterone compared with GnRH agonist-treated women (14.8 +/- 1.1 versus 13.3 +/- 2.7 ng/ml). The oestradiol:testosterone ratio was markedly reduced in women treated with GnRH antagonist (49.1 +/- 2.3 versus 60.1 +/- 4.4, P = 0.04). In contrast, no differences were found either in the progesterone:testosterone ratio, or in the oestradiol:progesterone ratio. CONCLUSIONS GnRH antagonist therapy in women undergoing ovarian stimulation had a significant effect on ovarian follicular steroidogenesis.
Posttraumatic Growth in Survivors of Breast Cancer: The Role of Dispositional Optimism, Coping Strategies, and Psychosocial Interventions

This study investigated the experience of posttraumatic growth for breast cancer survivors who volunteered to complete a survey (N = 277). A number of participants also provided narrative responses containing their personal experiences of breast cancer (N = 100). Demographic characteristics, breast cancer variables, optimism, coping strategies, and participation in psychosocial interventions were examined in relation to posttraumatic growth as measured by the Posttraumatic Growth Inventory. Differences between those who participated in psychosocial interventions versus those who did not were examined. The relation of coping strategies utilized and optimism level to interventions accessed was also of interest. Predictors of posttraumatic growth were examined via generalized linear modeling. Finally, the narrative responses were investigated by means of content analysis. The results provided evidence that demographic characteristics (i.e., affiliation with religion and lower levels of education) and one breast cancer variable (i.e., increased number of years since diagnosis) were related to experiences of posttraumatic growth for breast cancer survivors. Use of active forms of coping, optimism level, and participation in recreational interventions were also related to posttraumatic growth. Those who participated in psychosocial interventions were more likely to be employed and have higher levels of education than those who did not access interventions. Use of several active coping strategies and one passive coping strategy increased the likelihood of accessing a number of different psychosocial interventions. Posttraumatic growth was predicated by affiliation with religion, lower levels of education, increased number of years since diagnosis, knowledge of breast cancer stage, higher levels of optimism, and use of one passive and two active coping strategies. Many of these findings support previous research, however some conflict with prior results.The narrative responses contained information regarding diagnosis and treatment, impact of breast cancer, coping with breast cancer, and support accessed. Although the negative impact of breast cancer was discussed in terms of short and long-term, positive long-term changes were also reported. A variety of coping strategies and supports were utilized by the participants as well.
Identifying Related Documents For Research Paper Recommender By CPA And COA

This work-in-progress paper introduces two new approaches called Citation Proximity Analysis (CPA) and Citation Order Analysis (COA). They can be applied to identify related documents for the purpose of research paper recommender systems. CPA is a variant of co-citation analysis that additionally considers the proximity of citations to each other within an article’s full-text. The underlying idea is that the closer citations are to each other in a document, the more likely it is that the cited documents are related. For example, citations listed in the same sentence are more likely to express related thoughts than citations listed only in the same section. In COA, the order of citations are considered, allowing the identification of a text similar to one that has been translated from language A to language B, as the citations would still occur in the same order. However, it is also shown that CPA and COA cannot replace text analysis and existing citation analysis approaches for research paper recommender systems since they all have their own strengths and weaknesses.
Aluminum Oxide Deposited by Pulsed-DC Reactive Sputtering for Crystalline Silicon Surface Passivation

In this paper, we report on the surface passivation of crystalline silicon (c-Si) by pulsed-dc (p-dc) reactive-sputtered aluminum oxide (AlO<i>x</i>) films. For the activation of surface passivation, the films were subjected to post deposition annealing (PDA) in different ambients namely N<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub> + O<sub>2</sub>, and forming gas (FG) in the temperature range of 420-520°C. The surface passivation was quantified by surface recombination velocity, which was correlated to the interface states at the silicon-dielectric interface and fixed charges in the dielectric. A good quality surface passivation with effective surface recombination velocity <i>S</i><sub>eff</sub> of 41 cm · s<sup>-1</sup> is obtained for PDA in N<sub>2</sub> or N<sub>2</sub> + O<sub>2</sub> gas ambient. PDA in FG ambient at high temperature is found to degrade the passivation. The AlO<sub>x</sub> film annealed in FG ambient shows poorer thermal stability as compared with films annealed in the other two ambients. A clear path for further improvements in surface passivation quality of p-dc reactive sputter-deposited AlO<i>x</i> is suggested based on cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis and electrical data.
Trypsinized Cerebellar Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptor

The type 1 inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R1) is a tetrameric intracellular inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-gated Ca2+release channel (calculated molecular mass = ∼313 kDa/subunit). We studied structural and functional coupling in this protein complex by limited (controlled) trypsinization of membrane fractions from mouse cerebellum, the predominant site for IP3R1. Mouse IP3R1 (mIP3R1) was trypsinized into five major fragments (I–V) that were positioned on the entire mIP3R1 sequence by immuno-probing with 11 site-specific antibodies and by micro-sequencing of the N termini. Four fragments I–IV were derived from the N-terminal cytoplasmic region where the IP3-binding region extended over two fragments I (40/37 kDa) and II (64 kDa). The C-terminal fragment V (91 kDa) included the membrane-spanning channel region. All five fragments were pelleted by centrifugation as were membrane proteins. Furthermore, after solubilizing with 1% Triton X-100, all were co-immunoprecipitated with the C terminus-specific monoclonal antibody that recognized only the fragment V. These data suggested that the native mIP3R1-channel is an assembly of four subunits, each of which is constituted by non-covalent interactions of five major, well folded structural components I–V that are not susceptible to attack by mild trypsinolysis. Ca2+ release experiments further revealed that even the completely fragmented mIP3R1 retained significant IP3-induced Ca2+ release activity. These data suggest that structural coupling among five split components conducts functional coupling for IP3-induced Ca2+ release, despite the loss of peptide linkages. We propose structural-functional coupling in the mIP3R1, that is neighboring coupling between components I and II for IP3binding and long-distant coupling between the IP3 binding region and the channel region (component V) beyond trypsinized gaps for ligand gating.
Terrorism: The Present Threat in Context

CONTENTS With a Preface by John C. Bersia Introduction: Imagery and Reality Chronology of Modern International Terrorism Chapter 1: The Meaning of Terrorism: Cutting Through the Semantic Jungle Chapter 2: Terrorism: A Historical Perspective Chapter 3: The Rationale of Terror Chapter 4: The Strategies and Tactics of Terrorism: The Abominable Art of Violence Chapter 5: The Attack and its Enduring Legacy: The Psychological Impact of Terrorism Chapter 6: The Policy Dimensions: On the Community, National and International Level Conclusion: Future Terrorism Appendix: Working through Terrorism at the Individual, Family and Community Levels Appendix by J.B. Hill and Joshua A. Smith Bibliography Index
The critical manifold of the Lorentz-Dirac equation

We investigate the solutions to the Lorentz-Dirac equation and show that its solution flow has a structure identical to the one of renormalization group flows in critical phenomena. The physical solutions of the Lorentz-Dirac equation lie on the critical surface. The critical surface is repelling, i.e. any slight deviation from it is amplified and as a result the solution runs away to infinity. On the other hand, Dirac's asymptotic condition (acceleration vanishes for long times) forces the solution to be on the critical manifold. The critical surface can be determined perturbatively. Thereby one obtains an effective second-order equation, which we apply to various cases, in particular to the motion of an electron in a Penning trap.
SUS-BAR: a database of pig proteins with statistically validated structural and functional annotation

Given the relevance of the pig proteome in different studies, including human complex maladies, a statistical validation of the annotation is required for a better understanding of the role of specific genes and proteins in the complex networks underlying biological processes in the animal. Presently, approximately 80% of the pig proteome is still poorly annotated, and the existence of protein sequences is routinely inferred automatically by sequence alignment towards preexisting sequences. In this article, we introduce SUS-BAR, a database that derives information mainly from UniProt Knowledgebase and that includes 26 206 pig protein sequences. In SUS-BAR, 16 675 of the pig protein sequences are endowed with statistically validated functional and structural annotation. Our statistical validation is determined by adopting a cluster-centric annotation procedure that allows transfer of different types of annotation, including structure and function. Each sequence in the database can be associated with a set of statistically validated Gene Ontologies (GOs) of the three main sub-ontologies (Molecular Function, Biological Process and Cellular Component), with Pfam functional domains, and when possible, with a cluster Hidden Markov Model that allows modelling the 3D structure of the protein. A database search allows some statistics demonstrating the enrichment in both GO and Pfam annotations of the pig proteins as compared with UniProt Knowledgebase annotation. Searching in SUS-BAR allows retrieval of the pig protein annotation for further analysis. The search is also possible on the basis of specific GO terms and this allows retrieval of all the pig sequences participating into a given biological process, after annotation with our system. Alternatively, the search is possible on the basis of structural information, allowing retrieval of all the pig sequences with the same structural characteristics. Database URL: http://bar.biocomp. unibo.it/pig/
Decreased origin usage and initiation of DNA replication in haploinsufficient HCT116 Ku80+/- cells

One of the functions of the abundant heterodimeric nuclear protein, Ku (Ku70/Ku80), is its involvement in the initiation of DNA replication through its ability to bind to chromosomal replication origins in a sequence-specific and cell cycle dependent manner. Here, using HCT116 Ku80+/- cells, the effect of Ku80 deficiency on cell cycle progression and origin activation was examined. Western blot analyses revealed a 75% and 36% decrease in the nuclear expression of Ku80 and Ku70, respectively. This was concomitant with a 33% and 40% decrease in chromatin binding of both proteins, respectively. Cell cycle analysis of asynchronous and late G1 synchronized Ku80+/- cells revealed a prolonged G1 phase. Furthermore, these Ku-deficient cells had a 4.5-, 3.4- and 4.3-fold decrease in nascent strand DNA abundance at the lamin B2, β-globin and c-myc replication origins, respectively. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays showed that the association of Ku80 with the lamin B2, β-globin and c-myc origins was decreased by 1.5-, 2.3- and 2.5-fold, respectively, whereas that of Ku70 was similarly decreased (by 2.1-, 1.5- and 1.7-fold, respectively) in Ku80+/- cells. The results indicate that a deficiency of Ku80 resulted in a prolonged G1 phase, as well as decreased Ku binding to and activation of origins of DNA replication.
Single-Cell Techniques Using Chromosomally Tagged Fluorescent Bacteria To Study Listeria monocytogenes Infection Processes

ABSTRACT Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive facultative intracellular pathogen which invades different cell types, including nonphagocytic cells, where it is able to replicate and survive. The different steps of the cellular infectious process have been well described and consist of bacterial entry, lysis of the endocytic vacuole, intracellular replication, and spreading to neighboring cells. To study the listerial infectious process, gentamicin survival assays, plaque formation, and direct microscopy observations are typically used; however, there are some caveats with each of these techniques. In this study we describe new single-cell techniques based on use of an array of integrative fluorescent plasmids (green, cyan, and yellow fluorescent proteins) to easily, rapidly, and quantitatively detect L. monocytogenes in vitro and in vivo. We describe construction of 13 integrative and multicopy plasmids which can be used for detecting intracellular bacteria, for measuring invasion, cell-to-cell spreading, and intracellular replication, for monitoring in vivo infections, and for generating transcriptional or translational reporters. Furthermore, we tested these plasmids in a variety of epifluorescence- and flow cytometry-based assays. We showed that we could (i) determine the expression of a particular promoter during the cell cycle, (ii) establish in one rapid experiment at which step in the cell cycle a particular mutant is defective, and (iii) easily measure the number of infected cells in vitro and in mouse organs. The plasmids that are described and the methods to detect them are new powerful tools to study host-Listeria interactions in a fast, robust, and high-throughput manner.
ESTROGEN PHARMACOLOGY. I. THE INFLUENCE OF ESTRADIOL AND ESTRIOL ON HEPATIC DISPOSAL OF SULFOBROMOPHTHALEIN (BSP) IN MAN.

This report 1 describes the influence of natural estrogens on liver function, with special reference to sulfobromophthalein (BSP) excretion, in man. Pharmacological amounts of the hormone estradiol consistently induced alterations in BSP disposal that were shown, through the techniques of Wheeler and associates (2, 3), to result from profound depression of the hepatic secretory transport maximum (Tm) for the dye. Chromatographic analysis of plasma BSP components revealed increased amounts of BSP conjugates during estrogen as compared with control periods, implying a hormonal effect on cellular processes concerned with transport of dye from he-patocytes into biliary canaliculi. Estriol, an in vivo 2 equine estrogens and it is likely that other C-18 steroids of both physiologic synthetic origin have this property as well. These observations define a new