Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A New View of Lesbian Subtypes: Stable Versus Fluid Identity Trajectories over an 8-Year Period

Research has increasingly documented that the distinction between lesbian and bisexual women is one of degree rather than kind, and some researchers have therefore argued for an end to sexual categorization altogether. To the contrary, I maintain that researchers should explore alternative criteria for sexual categorization that might allow us to discern novel and meaningful subtypes of same-sex sexuality Toward this end, I explore the usefulness of a typology that focuses on change in lesbian identification over time, using a sample of young sexual-minority women that has been observed longitudinally for a period of 8 years. Specifically, I contrast women who have maintained consistent lesbian identifications over this time period (stable lesbians) to women who have alternated between lesbian and nonlesbian labels (fluid lesbians) and women who never adopted lesbian labels (stable nonlesbians). The pattern of similarities and differences among the groups changes as a function of the specific phenomenon being assessed (e.g., sexual and emotional attractions, sexual contact, developmental histories), suggesting the value of using multiple, alternative sexual typologies as heuristics to guide future research into life span development of sexual orientation and identity.
Adhesion-promoting receptors on phagocytes

Phagocytes express a family of structurally related receptors, LFA-1, CR3, and p150,95, that mediate adhesion of leukocytes to a variety of cells and surfaces. LFA-1 mediates the binding of killer T cells to targets, CR3 mediates binding of phagocytes to iC3b-coated surfaces and to endothelial cells, and LFA-1, CR3, and p150,95 each mediate the binding of bacterial lipopolysaccharide. Here we review the structure and function of each of these receptors and present evidence that they are related to a larger class of adhesion-promoting receptors called integrins. Of particular emphasis are observations that the capacity of these receptors to promote adhesion is strongly and reversibly modulated by both soluble and surface-bound stimuli. We review this form of regulation and present evidence that changes in the binding activity of adhesion-promoting receptors is accomplished by changes in the two-dimensional distribution of receptors in the plane of the membrane. Inactive receptors are randomly distributed in the membrane, and their ability to bind a ligand-coated surface is enabled by a ligand-independent movement into small clusters. The implications of these structural features are discussed.
Response of Human Platelets to Activating Monoclonal Antibodies : Importance of FcyRII ( CD 32 ) Phenotype and Level of Expression

Certain monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs) specific for platelet membrane glycoproteins are known t o be capable of activating platelets, and it is generally thought that platelets from normal subjects are equally susceptible t o stimulation by such MoAbs. We found that platelets from 20 normal donors varied significantly in their sensitivity to three lgGl murine MoAbs specific for membrane glycoproteins CD9, GPIV (CD36). and the GPIIb/ llla complex (CD41). respectively. The response of platelets to these MoAbs was blocked by prior addition of MoAb IV.3 specific for the FcyRll receptor, indicating that activation was Fc receptor mediated. Platelets that responded poorly to these MoAbs failed to bind the MoAb 41H.16, specific for the ”responder“ form of FcyRII, but platelets that responded well reacted with this MoAb. The average number of FcyRll receptors on platelets from “responders” and “non-responders“ was approximately the same. However, the number of FcyRll receptors expressed influenced sensitivity of a subgroup of ”responder” platelets to the anti-CD41 MoAb. These platelets were judged on the
Isolation and Functional Analyses of a Putative Floral Homeotic C-Function Gene in a Basal Eudicot London Plane Tree (Platanus acerifolia)

The identification of mutants in model plant species has led to the isolation of the floral homeotic function genes that play crucial roles in flower organ specification. However, floral homeotic C-function genes are rarely studied in basal eudicots. Here, we report the isolation and characterization of the AGAMOUS (AG) orthologous gene (PaAG) from a basal eudicot London plane tree (Platanus acerifolia Willd). Phylogenetic analysis showed that PaAG belongs to the C- clade AG group of genes. PaAG was found to be expressed predominantly in the later developmental stages of male and female inflorescences. Ectopic expression of PaAG-1 in tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) resulted in morphological alterations of the outer two flower whorls, as well as some defects in vegetative growth. Scanning electron micrographs (SEMs) confirmed homeotic sepal-to-carpel transformation in the transgenic plants. Protein interaction assays in yeast cells indicated that PaAG could interact directly with PaAP3 (a B-class MADS-box protein in P. acerifolia), and also PaSEP1 and PaSEP3 (E-class MADS-box proteins in P. acerifolia). This study performed the functional analysis of AG orthologous genes outside core eudicots and monocots. Our findings demonstrate a conserved functional role of AG homolog in London plane tree, which also represent a contribution towards understanding the molecular mechanisms of flower development in this monoecious tree species.
Examining Police Effectiveness as a Precursor to Legitimacy and Cooperation with Police

Numerous studies by Tyler and colleagues, as well as other scholars, support a normative, process model to account for variation in the public’s cooperation with police in the USA and other developed nations. However, a recent study in Ghana suggests that in developing countries fraught with high levels of violent crime and corruption, cooperation may instead be accounted for by a utilitarian, rational-choice model. Our study examines whether public cooperation with police in the developing nation of Trinidad and Tobago is associated with the process model or rational-choice model. Using in-person structured interviews with residents, we examined whether victims’ decisions to report to police were related to individuals’ perceptions about police effectiveness or police legitimacy. We found support for the process model. We discuss possible explanations for the divergence with Tankebe’s research in Ghana and suggest avenues for future research.
Do Women Managers Keep Firms out of Trouble? Evidence from Corporate Litigation and Policies

We find that firms where women have more power in the top management team, measured by female executives’ plurality and pay slice, face fewer operations-related lawsuits. This effect is robust to several treatments of endogeneity and does not appear to be driven by female executives' greater willingness to settle the cases. Evidence from a simultaneous equations approach suggests that firms where women executives have more power avoid lawsuits partly by avoiding some risky but value-increasing firm policies, such as more aggressive R&D, intensive advertising, and policies inimical to other parties.
Causal Inferences and the Positivity Bias in Children: The Role of the Covariation Principle.

It is argued that developmental studies regarding Kelley's covariation principle had provided children with incomplete covariation information, and that the assessment of attributions differed conceptually from Kelley's model and pertinent adult studies. It is further proposed that younger children's tendency for positive self-evaluations (“positivity bias”) is due to their inferences not yet being based on the mechanism described by the covariation principle. In 2 studies, conducted in the United States and Germany, participants of different ages received complete covariation information and were asked for attributions, ability estimations, and expectations of success. Children from grade 2 on selected the correct cause(s) when the effect covaried only with one cause, but only at a later age when covariation with 2 causes was presented. Ability estimations and expectation of success were more positive in younger than in older participants, replicating the “positivity bias. ” However, children did not simply become more negative (“pessimistic”) with age but rather more realistic: Estimations of ability decreased when failure covaried with the person but not when there was covariation with the entity; expectation of success decreased when failure covaried with a stable cause (person or entity) but not when no covariation information was provided, and even increased when failure covaried with the circumstances (a variable cause).
The Development and Validation of the Multicultural Dispositions Index

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate the Multicultural Dispositions Index (MDI), which measures diversity awareness levels of educators. Evidence of the instrument's face validity was gained through a three-year pilot study of 477 teacher and counselor candidates at a Midwestern metropolitan university, followed up by a five-year principal study of 1,092 students from the same institution. The result is a 22-item, 4-subscale assessment tool that passed statistical tests for construct validity and inter-rater reliability. Respondent ratings of the MDI (M = 7.52, SD = 1.73) (t(1060) = 64.62, p <. 0005, d = 1.47) and the practice of adopting dispositional self-assessment as a program completion requirement (M = 7.22, SD = 1.36) (t(1038) = 47.42, p <. 0005, d = 1.98) were significantly greater than the median score of 5. The MDI can be used to assess changes in multicultural perceptions over the span of a semester or across a program of professional preparation to help candidates determine if teaching and counseling are appropriate professional matches.
CO2 Laser-assisted Deep Sclerectomy in Glaucoma Patients

Purpose:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of CO2 laser-assisted deep sclerectomy surgery (CLASS) in patients with open angle glaucoma. Design:A prospective single-arm, nonrandomized clinical investigation for the evaluation of technology. Methods:Fifteen eyes of 15 consecutive patients diagnosed with either primary open angle glaucoma or pseudoexfoliation glaucoma who were the candidates for glaucoma filtration surgery were included. Laser-assisted deep sclerectomy using a CO2 laser system was performed in all patients. A half-thickness scleral flap was created, the use of 0.04% mitomycin C for 60 seconds was left at the surgeon’s discretion, and a CO2 laser with a beam-manipulating system was used to achieve deep scleral ablation and unroofing of Schlemm’s canal zone. Visual acuity, complete ophthalmologic examination, and intraocular pressure (IOP) were measured and documented at baseline, 1, 2, 4, and 6 weeks and at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. Complete success was defined as 5⩽IOP⩽21 mm Hg and 20% IOP reduction with no medication at the 12-month endpoint visit. Qualified success was defined as a similar IOP reduction with medication. Results:The preoperative IOP of 27.3±4.2 mm Hg (mean±SD) dropped to 15.0±3.7 mm Hg at 6 months and 16.6±3.4 mm Hg at 12 months postoperatively, yielding an average IOP reductions at 6 and 12 months of 13.1±4.3 mm Hg (45.1%; 95% CI, 11, 15.3) and 11.5±5.5 mm Hg (39.2%; 95% CI, 8.8, 14.3), respectively (P<0.001). The complete success rate after 12 months was 45.5%, whereas qualified success was 90.9%. Mitomycin C was used in 76.9% of the CLASS subjects.
From silos to synergies: a network perspective of the Canadian sport system

This paper examines the recent Canadian Sport Policy documents intended to improve Canada's fragmented system. Content analyses from six regional conferences in Canada were used to enhance our understanding of regional sport policy in Canada. The results of this study indicate that the administrative structure, the degree of network coupling and the strength of ties between actors are reflective of low levels of integration in the network of sport providers. The need for new resources represents a central focus of the sport policy and offers a catalyst for change. This research moves beyond broad policy statements pertaining to the need for more cooperation and collaboration in the Canadian Sport system to providing meaningful indicators of barriers of poor integration, while at the same time recognising the need for regional views.
The Clock Slows Down

Economists are faced with a simple question: how the hell does this economy work? Millions and billions of diverse transactions are made every day, and yet the system holds together. How does the circular process of production, distribution, and consumption coordinate? Despite differences of interpretation by various schools of economics, there is common understanding about the way the system reproduces itself and grows. Here is a simplified consensus of how it is supposed to hang together. (1) Goods (whether primary materials, intermediate, or finished products) are sold for money. (2) The money payments eventually end up in two main streams: wages to workers, depreciation reserves and profits to the bosses. (3) The workers use their wages to buy consumer goods. (4) The bosses use part of their income to replace worn-out machinery, and most of the rest to expand profits (everything but a small percentage for consumption), their businesses, or to start new ones. With more investment, more people get wages, more is produced, and still more money is available to expand production.This article can also be found at the Monthly Review website, where most recent articles are published in full.Click here to purchase a PDF version of this article at the Monthly Review website.
Emotion Regulation and Negative Emotionality Moderate the Effects of Moral (Dis)Engagement on Aggression

The effects of guilt, shame, and externalization of blame on aggressive behavior were investigated among a total of 307 Finnish fifth and sixth graders (<i>M</i><sub xmlns:m="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">age</sub> = 11.9 years). Self-reported proneness to feel guilt and shame was expected to reduce levels of peer-reported aggressive behavior, whereas self-reported externalization of blame was hypothesized to function as a moral disengagement mechanism with links to greater aggressive behavior. However, these associations were expected to be moderated by children’s emotion-regulation capabilities and tendencies to experience negative emotionality (as reported by teachers). Results indicated that guilt and shame were associated with lower levels of aggression for children with poor emotion regulation (or high negative emotionality). For children with effective emotion regulation (or low negative emotionality), shame and externalization of blame were associated with higher levels of aggression. The results suggest that a dark side may be apparent in effective emotion regulation (and low negative emotionality) in that it enables children to disengage from the normally inhibiting functions of guilt and shame and to act aggressively in response to shame and externalization of blame.
[Results of therapy in pulmonary tuberculosis: outcome monitoring in northern Lower Saxony].

BACKGROUND Despite it importance standardized treatment outcome-monitoring in tuberculosis patients is not officially done in Germany. METHODS In this retrospective study we investigated tuberculosis outcome in 494 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis using the international recommended definitions. RESULTS The median follow-up period was 62 month (36-180 month). A successful treatment could be observed in 378 (76.1%) of all patients. Treatment success was mostly documented as cure (n = 375). No documented treatment success was seen in 119 patients (23.9%). The most important reason for unsuccessful treatment was lost for follow up (transfer out) in 60/119 patients (51.2%), followed by death (24/119; 19.8%), an interrupted treatment (22/199; 18.3%) and treatment failure (13/119; 10.7%). No documented treatment success was significantly more common in retreatment cases compared to new cases (p = 0.0003) and in patients with at least a single drug resistance (p = 0.04). Beside these parameters treatment outcome was significantly superior in patients receiving a standard antituberculosis therapy including at least isoniazid and rifampin compared to patients treated with other regimens during both the initial phase (p = 0.0039) and the continuous phase (p = 0.0021) of therapy. CONCLUSION In this retrospective study the use of the international definitions for outcome monitoring showed a substantial proportion of patients with unsuccessful therapy. For the evaluation of the success of the tuberculosis programme in Germany a prospective documentation of treatment outcome data in all patients using the international definitions seems essential.
Gestion de la performance : impact sur la performance organisationnelle de l'intégration de la stratégie et de la cohérence des systèmes de GRH

Cette etude verifie dans quelle mesure la performance organisationnelle percue peut etre predite par l'integration des elements de la strategie (integration strategique verticale operationnelle) dans les pratiques de gestion de la performance. Elle examine egalement si la coherence des systemes de gestion des ressources humaines avec la gestion de la performance est liee a une performance organisationnelle superieure. Les resultats montrent que plus il y a integration des elements de la strategie dans le systeme de gestion de la performance plus la competitivite, le positionnement concurrentiel et la perennite de l'organisation augmentent. D'autre part, les resultats indiquent que l'accroissement de la coherence des systemes de GRH avec le systeme de gestion de la performance est lie a une augmentation du positionnement concurrentiel de l'organisation.
Pedagogic Affect/Effect: Embodying a Desire to Learn

How effective are different pedagogic practices? What is the role of affect in learning to write? Affective education is a growing field of inquiry. Within education, however, affect is generally used as a synonym for emotion or feeling. Though giving consideration to these understandings, this article takes a different perspective and explores affect from a Deleuzian/Spinozistic perspective as force and capacity. The conception of pedagogic affect discussed here mobilises the insights of Spinoza's (1677/1994) psychophysical parallelism and Vygotsky's notion of a "zone of proximal development. " In so doing, the article explores how pedagogy needs to foreground the role of teachers in classrooms and their impact on not only the cognitive dimensions of learning but also the corporeal. Although emphasis is placed on expounding this theory, the article also draws on a case study of the teaching of writing in a primary/elementary school in Sydney, Australia. It highlights the particular practices a teacher uses that appear to generate affects that promote both a desire to write in her students and the skills required to do so.
Distribution and antigen specificity of anti‐U1RNP antibodies in patients with systemic sclerosis

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a generalized connective tissue disease which is characterized by the presence of several autoantibodies. To determine the prevalence and antigen specificity of anti‐U1RNP antibodies (anti‐U1RNP) in patients with SSc, serum samples from 223 patients with SSc, 117 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), 18 patients with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) and 40 healthy control subjects were examined by indirect immunofluorescent analysis (IIF), double immunodiffusion, and immunoblotting using nuclear extract of HeLa cells. Eighteen of the 223 (8%) serum samples from patients with SSc were shown to be positive for anti‐U1RNP. The frequency of anti‐U1RNP positivity in limited cutaneous SSc (14%) was significantly higher than that in those with diffuse cutaneous SSc (3%). Anti‐Sm antibodies were detected in patients with SLE positive for anti‐U1RNP, but not in those with SSc positive for anti‐U1RNP or those with MCTD. Immunoblotting demonstrated that anti‐70‐kD antibodies were detected more often in patients with SSc positive for anti‐U1RNP and in those with MCTD than in those with SLE. Furthermore, anti‐U1RNP was closely correlated with pulmonary fibrosis and joint involvement in patients with SSc. These results suggest that anti‐70‐kD antibodies are useful in the classification of patients with anti‐U1RNP.
The Iron Chelator, Dp44mT, Effectively Inhibits Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cell Growth in Vitro and in Vivo

Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignancy with a growing worldwide incidence and prevalence. The N-myc downstream regulated gene (NDRG) family of NDRG1, 2, 3, and mammary serine protease inhibitor (Maspin) gene are well-known modulators in the neoplasia process. Current research has considered iron chelators as new anti-cancer agents; however, the anticancer activities of iron chelators and their target genes in OSCC have not been well investigated. We showed that iron chelators (Dp44mT, desferrioxamine (DFO), and deferasirox) all significantly inhibit SAS cell growth. Flow cytometry further indicated that Dp44mT inhibition of SAS cells growth was partly due to induction of G1 cell cycle arrest. Iron chelators enhanced expressions of NDRG1 and NDRG3 while repressing cyclin D1 expression in OSCC cells. The in vivo antitumor effect on OSCC and safety of Dp44mT were further confirmed through a xenograft animal model. The Dp44mT treatment also increased Maspin protein levels in SAS and OECM-1 cells. NDRG3 knockdown enhanced the growth of OECM-1 cells in vitro and in vivo. Our results indicated that NDRG3 is a tumor suppressor gene in OSCC cells, and Dp44mT could be a promising therapeutic agent for OSCC treatment.
A Short Depression Index for Women

The CES-D is a well-known index of acute depressive symptoms experienced over a 7-day period that has been used in literally hundreds of studies. This article presents the psychometric derivation of 8- and 4-item screening versions of the CES-D for use in research with community-based samples. These short depressive symptom indices can be used in those instances where a brief assessment is needed for broad screening or research purposes. Using data from a heterogeneous community sample of 411 women, the 8-item CES-D was found to correlate . 93 with the full 20-item CES-D while the 4-item CES-D was found to correlate . 87 with the full CES-D. In a second sample of 83 women in a residential drug abuse program, the 8- and 4-item measures correlated . 54 and . 47, respectively, with the BPI Depression scale.
An Investigation of Psychologists' Practices and Attitudes toward Participation in Capital Evaluations

ABSTRACT This study is the first national survey of forensic psychologists regarding their practices and attitudes toward participating in various types of capital evaluations. Participants were 231 licensed forensic psychologists who voluntarily responded to a mailed survey. A predictive model for levels of opposition and patterns of participation for each type of capital evaluation was determined, as well as were general levels of agreement with a number of professional “guidelines. ” The results of this study suggest that although most psychologists are not opposed to participating in most types of capital evaluations, competence for execution evaluations receive the greatest amount of opposition. Implications of these results are discussed.