Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Histopathological and electron microscopical observations on rainbow trout fry syndrome

Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry and fingerlings with clinical signs of rainbow trout fry syndrome, and rainbow trout (0.5 to 3.5 g) with experimentally induced infections with Flavobacterium psychrophilum, were examined histopathologically and electron microscopically. Severe hypertrophy of the spleen and cellular degeneration were consistently observed. Distinctive features of the disease were the loss of definition of the splenic border and its replacement by a loosely structured eosinophilic layer, fibrinous inflammation and intercellular oedema within the spleen, and the presence of numerous filamentous bacteria interspersed throughout the organ.
Genetics of intra-species variation in avoidance behavior induced by a thermal stimulus in C. elegans

Individuals within a species vary in their responses to a wide range of stimuli, partly as a result of differences in their genetic makeup. Relatively little is known about the genetic and neuronal mechanisms contributing to diversity of behavior in natural populations. By studying animal-to-animal variation in innate avoidance behavior to thermal stimuli in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, we uncovered genetic principles of how different components of a behavioral response can be altered in nature to generate behavioral diversity. Using a thermal pulse assay, we uncovered heritable variation in responses to a transient temperature increase. Quantitative trait locus mapping revealed that separate components of this response were controlled by distinct genomic loci. The loci we identified contributed to variation in components of thermal pulse avoidance behavior in an additive fashion. Our results show that the escape behavior induced by thermal stimuli is composed of simpler behavioral components that are influenced by at least six distinct genetic loci. The loci that decouple components of the escape behavior reveal a genetic system that allows independent modification of behavioral parameters. Our work sets the foundation for future studies of evolution of innate behaviors at the molecular and neuronal level.
Intraspinal synovial cysts: 10-year experience at the Ochsner Clinic.

OBJECT Although synovial cysts commonly involve the joints of the extremities, they are also found in the spinal canal. When symptomatic, they produce signs and symptoms consistent with nerve root and spinal cord compression. In this report the authors review the clinical presentations, radiological studies, and operative findings in 28 patients with intraspinal synovial cysts treated surgically at the Ochsner Clinic between 1988 and 1998. METHODS The medical records and radiological studies obtained in 28 patients (31 intraspinal synovial cysts) were analyzed. Twenty-nine (94%) of the cysts were located in the lumbar, one in the thoracic (T8-9), and one in the cervicothoracic (C7-T1) spine. Sixteen (57%) of the 28 patients presented with radicular pain. The remaining patients presented either with neurogenic claudication (25%) or with radicular pain and an associated neurological deficit (18%). Each cyst was located adjacent to a facet joint in which there was evidence of degenerative disease. CONCLUSIONS Intraspinal synovial cysts are uncommon lesions most often found in the lumbar spine at the L4-5 level. They are invariably associated with facet degeneration and respond very well to surgical therapy.
Paid Work in Early Adolescence:

Descriptive data on paid work performed both by White and African American students in Baltimore were collected as part of a more extensive longitudinal study. More than one-half of the youth worked for pay during the school year at 13 and 14 years of age, and around 70% worked during the summers. Those who started work the earliest were those who had done more chores at home. Patterns of work by these relatively low socioeconomic status (SES) students are consistent with patterns of youth employment in other parts of the country. For example, rates of employment for African American youth were lower than for White youth. Despite weaker academic records, the lowest SES African American boys at 13 years of age held proportionately more of the semi-skilled jobs (clerical, sales, and craft) than did White students of either gender or African American girls. The findings are discussed in a life course framework.
Exploration of the counseling needs of infertile couples: A qualitative study

Background: Identification of the main needs of infertile patients is essential to provision of appropriate supportive services and care based on their needs. Thus, the present study aims to explore infertile couples' counseling needs. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out with an inductive qualitative content analysis approach during 2012–2013. The participants of this study included 26 Iranian infertile couples and 7 medical personnel (3 gynecologists and 4 midwives). The infertile couples were selected through purposive sampling and considering maximal variation from patients attending state-run and private infertility treatment centers as well as infertility specialists, offices in Isfahan and Rasht, Iran. Unstructured in-depth interviews and field notes were utilized for data gathering and replying to this research main question, "What are the counseling needs of infertile couples? " The data from medical personnel was collected through semi-structured interviews. Data analysis was carried out through conventional content analysis. Results: Data analysis revealed two main themes. The first theme was "a need for psychological counseling," which included four subthemes: Emotional distress management, sexual counseling, marital counseling, and family counseling. The second theme was "a need for guidance and information throughout treatment process," which included three subthemes: Treatment counseling, financial counseling, and legal counseling. Conclusions: The counseling needs of infertile couples are varied, and they require various psychosocial support and counseling interventions. The participants of this study identified clearly the significance of psychological counseling and information throughout the long and onerous journey of infertility and its treatment.
Tier 1, Teacher-Implemented Self-Regulated Strategy Development for Students With and Without Behavioral Challenges

This study took place in the context of schools collaborating with a local university to implement an evidence-based, 3-tiered model of prevention and supports targeting academic, behavioral, and social goals. We examined whether Self-Regulated Strategy Development (SRSD) instruction, delivered by grade 2 and 3 general education teachers to all students (Tier 1), would improve story or opinion essay writing among students with and without behavioral challenges, and whether differential effects existed. SRSD instruction was effective for both groups of students in terms of genre elements and quality. Students without challenging behaviors made greater gains than those with challenging behaviors on some outcome measures. Teachers implemented SRSD with fidelity; SRSD was viewed as socially valid by teachers and students. No results were found for academic engaged time or overall level of behavioral problems. Finally, students' cognitive capabilities were a weak and inconsistent predictor of SRSD writing gains.
THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERFECTIONISM AND LIFE SATISFACTION ON TEHRAN MUNICIPALITY COACHES

The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between perfectionism with life satisfaction on Tehran municipality coaches. The population of this study is consisted of all Tehran municipality coaches that were 2678 (2010 men and 66women) employees. The 303 coaches were selected through random sampling. Satisfaction with Life Scale (Diener et al., 1985) and Positive and Negative Perfectionism Scale (Terry-Short et al., 1995) was used. The results indicate that indicates there is significant positive relationship between life satisfaction and perfectionism. Also, there is negative significant relationship between negative perfectionism with life satisfaction and positive relationship between positive perfectionism with life satisfaction. Only positive perfectionism is significant predictor of life satisfaction. Moreover, with increase of positive perfectionism 29% life satisfaction is increase.
Nucleosome positioning and kinetics near transcription-start-site barriers are controlled by interplay between active remodeling and DNA sequence

We investigate how DNA sequence, ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling and nucleosome-depleted ‘barriers’ co-operate to determine the kinetics of nucleosome organization, in a stochastic model of nucleosome positioning and dynamics. We find that ‘statistical’ positioning of nucleosomes against ‘barriers’, hypothesized to control chromatin structure near transcription start sites, requires active remodeling and therefore cannot be described using equilibrium statistical mechanics. We show that, unlike steady-state occupancy, DNA site exposure kinetics near a barrier is dominated by DNA sequence rather than by proximity to the barrier itself. The timescale for formation of positioning patterns near barriers is proportional to the timescale for active nucleosome eviction. We also show that there are strong gene-to-gene variations in nucleosome positioning near barriers, which are eliminated by averaging over many genes. Our results suggest that measurement of nucleosome kinetics can reveal information about sequence-dependent regulation that is not apparent in steady-state nucleosome occupancy.
Adoptive TIL Transfer in the Adjuvant Setting for Melanoma: Long-Term Patient Survival

Two first analyses of our clinical trial on TIL as adjuvant therapy for melanoma were published in 2002 and 2007. We present here an update of the clinical results after a 17-year median followup. In this trial, disease-free patients were randomly assigned to receive either TIL/IL-2 or IL-2. The relapse-free survival (RFS) was the primary objective. Eighty-eight patients were enrolled. A new analysis performed in May 2013 did not show significant changes in RFS or OS duration. However, our first finding on the association between the number of invaded lymph nodes and TIL effectiveness was strengthened. The Cox model adjusted on this interaction showed for the first time a significant treatment effect when considering the overall population, both on the RFS and OS. Patients treated with TIL had a longer RFS (P = 0.023) or OS (P = 0.020). This study being with a very long followup (17 years), confirmed the association between TIL effectiveness and the number of invaded lymph nodes, indicating that a low tumor burden could be a crucial factor enhancing the curative effect of TIL in possible microscopic residual disease. Moreover, we confirmed that a prolonged survival was associated with the presence of specific TIL and a decrease in Foxp3 expression.
Insular cortex infarction in acute middle cerebral artery territory stroke: predictor of stroke severity and vascular lesion.

BACKGROUND Insula infarction is an early computed tomographic sign of middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory stroke and may affect cardiovascular autonomic function. OBJECTIVE To determine insula involvement in MCA territory infarction and its relationship with infarcts in the remainder of the MCA territory, stroke severity, and clinically relevant cardiovascular conditions. DESIGN Case series (August 1, 1997, to June 30, 2000). SETTING Academic stroke center. PATIENTS A total of 150 consecutive patients with nonlacunar MCA territory stroke who underwent magnetic resonance imaging within 48 hours of stroke onset. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Association of insula infarction with the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score, location of vascular occlusion, and cardiovascular events. RESULTS Insular lesions were present in 72 patients (48%); 34 (23%) had major insular lesions and 38 (25%) had minor lesions. Insula infarction was associated with lenticulostriate territory infarction (46% vs 14%; P<.001), more than one third of MCA territory infarction (35% vs 3%; P<.001), higher NIHSS score (13.5 vs 6; P<.001), and proximal vascular occlusion detected on magnetic resonance angiography. These associations were strongest for patients with major insular lesions. Clinically significant new arrhythmia was present in 15 of 72 with insula infarction (13 atrial fibrillations) and 4 of 78 without (P = .06). Insula infarction was associated with lower diastolic blood pressure at admission but was not associated with pulse rate, QTc interval, myocardial infarction, or sudden death. CONCLUSIONS The insular cortex is involved in almost half of patients with nonlacunar ischemic MCA territory strokes. Major insula involvement is associated with large MCA territory infarcts, proximal MCA occlusions, and greater stroke severity. Insula infarction was not a predictor of clinically significant acute cardiovascular events during hospital stay in our patients.
Results of tympanoplasty and mastoidectomy at the massachusetts eye and ear infirmary

The primary objectives of surgery for chronic suppurative disease of the ear are the elimination or arrest of disease and the preservation or improvement of auditory function. The concept is not new, for even the earliest otologists1 performed temporal bone surgery with the hope of preserving the sound transmitting mechanism of the middle ear. Before the availability of antibiotic drugs for the control of bacterial infection, it was not always prudent to compromise the removal of diseased tissues for the sake of preserving function. It was observed, however, that good thresholds of hearing sometimes occurred even though the ossicles and tympanic membrane were partly or completely destroyed by disease or surgery. These cases were the result of fortuitous patterns of healing in which the function of the ossicular system or the phase difference at the oval and round windows was preserved. Tympanoplasty tries to achieve these goals without compromising the desired end result of a safe, dry, and asymptomatic ear.
Sexual assault, sexual risks and gender attitudes in a community sample of South African men

Abstract Sexual assault against women and HIV infection are both prevalent and related social problems in South Africa. The current study examined hostile attitudes toward women, acceptance of violence against women and masculine ideological beliefs in relation to sexual assault history among men in a Cape Town township in South African. Men (n=435) completed anonymous surveys of sexual assault history, HIV risk history and gender-based attitudes. More than one in five men in this community sample reported that they had either threatened to use force or used force to gain sexual access to a woman in their lifetime. Men with a history of sexual assault were at significantly higher risk for HIV transmission than their non-sexually assaultive counterparts. Men with a history of sexual assault were also more likely to endorse hostile attitudes toward women and were more likely to accept violence against women, although these attitudes and beliefs were prevalent and pervasive across men with and without histories of sexual assault. These findings extend previous research to show that men who have a history of sexual assault also exhibit elevated risks for HIV infection and transmission. Interventions are needed to address hostile attitudes toward women, sexual assault and sexual risks for HIV among South African men.
The impact of diabetes mellitus on the survival of patients with acromegaly.

INTRODUCTION An increased risk of mortality in patients with uncontrolled acromegaly has been reported in several studies. We aimed to assess the impact of co-morbidities on the survival of patients with acromegaly after long-term treatment and follow-up. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective analysis was performed for 285 patients with active acromegaly, who were admitted to the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taiwan between 1978 and 2012. Of these patients, 106 (37.2%) were diagnosed with diabetes mellitus (DM). During the follow-up period, 21 cases of histological proved malignant in acromegalic patients, and DM with acromegaly had a higher incidence of malignancy (13.2% vs. 3.8%; p < 0.01). The 5-, 10-, and 20-year survival rates were 93.1%, 86.9%, and 84.7% for the DM group, respectively, and 96.5%, 96.5%, and 96.5% for the non-DM group, respectively. After a mean follow-up of 15.1 ± 0.6 years, age, DM, coronary heart disease, and malignancy were found to be significant factors of mortality. Control of growth hormone and IGF-1 levels also conferred a marginal survival benefit. CONCLUSIONS DM and malignancy significantly influence the survival of patients with acromegaly; thus, these patients need close follow-up and appropriate therapy. (Endokrynol Pol 2016; 67 (5): 501-506).
Effects of clinical ketosis on test day milk yields in Finnish Ayrshire cattle.

A linear model for repeated measurements was used to estimate the effects of clinical ketosis on 722,198 test day milk yields collected from September 1, 1985 to January 31, 1988 on 60,851 Finnish Ayrshire cows of parity < 7. An index was created to differentiate among milk collected within 17 d following diagnosis of ketosis, milk collected before or > 17 d after diagnosis, and milk collected on nonketotic cows. For each parity separately, the statistical model included fixed effects (ketosis, calving season, year and season of milk sampling, and stage of lactation) and random effects (herd and permanent and temporary environments) on test day milk yields. The pattern underlying correlations between temporary environmental effects was accommodated in the statistical model. Compared with those for nonketotic cows, lactation curves of cows with ketosis showed a depression in early lactation; estimated milk loss was 44.3 kg for 17 d after diagnosis. The 305-d milk yield of cows diagnosed with ketosis was estimated to be 141.1 kg higher than that of cows free of ketosis. Although milk losses occurred after ketosis, ketotic cows yielded more milk over the entire lactation than did nonketotic cows; and yields would have been even higher if cows had not had ketosis.
Examining and Supporting Domain Identification and Student Interest in First Year College Students

Two separate strands of research have examined the roles of student interest and domain identification in relation to academic motivation and outcomes. This manuscript highlights the theoretical and practical intersections and gaps between these two constructs through a review of the theory and research supporting Osborne and Jones’ model of domain identification as well as Hidi and Renninger’s (2006) and Krapp’s (1999, 2002) models of interest development. All of the models frame domain identification and interest as value-based concepts that develop through experience. However, the models of domain identification and interest vary in regards to the specific components included in the model, the level of focus (e.g., the potential for interest in an activity as compared to identification with a domain), and, primarily, in the operational definition of value. The differences between the definitions of value emphasize domain identification and interest highlight theoretical and practical differences between domain identification and interest.
Synthesis and cardiovascular protective effects of quercetin 7‐O‐sialic acid

Oxidative stress and inflammation play important roles in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Oxidative stress‐induced desialylation is considered to be a primary step in atherogenic modification, and therefore, the attenuation of oxidative stress and/or inflammatory reactions may ameliorate CVD. In this study, quercetin 7‐O‐sialic acid (QA) was synthesized aiming to put together the cardiovascular protective effect of quercetin and the recently reported anti‐oxidant and anti‐atherosclerosis functions of N‐acetylneuraminic acid. The biological efficacy of QA was evaluated in vitro in various cellular models. The results demonstrated that 50 μM QA could effectively protect human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC, EA.hy926) against hydrogen peroxide‐ or oxidized low‐density lipoprotein‐induced oxidative damage by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species. QA attenuated hydrogen peroxide‐induced desialylation of HUVEC and lipoproteins. QA decreased lipopolysaccharide‐induced secretion of tumour necrosis factor‐α (TNF‐α) and monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1), and it significantly reduced the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule‐1, vascular cell adhesion molecule‐1, TNF‐α and MCP‐1. Furthermore, QA effectively promoted cholesterol efflux from Raw 264.7 macrophages to apolipoprotein A‐1 and high‐density lipoprotein by up‐regulating ATP‐binding cassette transporter A1 and G1, respectively. Results indicated that the novel compound QA exhibited a better capacity than quercetin for anti‐oxidation, anti‐inflammation, cholesterol efflux promotion and biomolecule protection against desialylation and therefore could be a candidate compound for the prevention or treatment of CVD.
The prevalence of loss of imprinting of H19 and IGF2 at birth

Imprinted genes are monoallelically expressed according to the parent of origin and are critical for proper placental and embryonic development. Disruption of methylation patterns at imprinted loci resulting in loss of imprinting (LOI) may lead to serious imprinting disorders (e.g., Beckwith‐Wiedemann syndrome) and is described in some cancers (e.g., Wilms' tumor). As most research has focused on children with cancer or other abnormal phenotypes, the imprinting status in healthy infants at birth has not been characterized. We examined the prevalence of H19 and IGF2 LOI at birth by allele‐specific expression assays analysis on 114 human individuals. Overall expression and methylation analyses were performed on a subset of samples. We found that LOI of H19 was observed for 4% of individuals in cord blood and 3.3% in placenta, and for IGF2 of 22% of individuals in the cord blood and 0% in placenta. Interestingly, LOI status did not correspond to aberrant methylation levels of the imprinted DMRs or with changes in overall gene expression for the majority of individuals. Our observations suggest that LOI is present in phenotypically healthy infants. Determining a “normal” human epigenotype range is important for discovering factors required to maintain a healthy pregnancy and embryonic development. —Rancourt, R. C. , Harris, H. R. , Barault, L. , Michels, K. B. , The prevalence of loss of imprinting of H19 and IGF2 at birth. FASEB J. 27, 3335–3343 (2013). www.fasebj. org
Online probabilistic topological mapping

We present a novel algorithm for topological mapping, which is the problem of finding the graph structure of an environment from a sequence of measurements. Our algorithm, called Online Probabilistic Topological Mapping (OPTM), systematically addresses the problem by constructing the posterior on the space of all possible topologies given measurements. With each successive measurement, the posterior is updated incrementally using a Rao—Blackwellized particle filter. We present efficient sampling mechanisms using data-driven proposals and prior distributions on topologies that further enable OPTM’s operation in an online manner. OPTM can incorporate various sensors seamlessly, as is demonstrated by our use of appearance, laser, and odometry measurements. OPTM is the first topological mapping algorithm that is theoretically accurate, systematic, sensor independent, and online, and thus advances the state of the art significantly. We evaluate the algorithm on a robot in diverse environments.