Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Predictive Influence of Family and Community Demographic Variables on Grade 7 Student Achievement in Language Arts and Mathematics

The Predictive Influence of Family and Community Demographic Variables on Grade 7 Student Achievement in Language Arts and Mathematics This correlational, explanatory, longitudinal study sought to determine the combination of community and family-level demographic variables found in the 2010 U.S. Census data that most accurately predicted a New Jersey school district’s percentage of students scoring proficient or above on the 2010, 2011, and 2012 NJ ASK 7 in Language Arts and Mathematics. Analysis included simultaneous multiple linear regression and hierarchical linear regression. The population for this study included 100% of New Jersey school districts containing at least 25 valid NJ ASK scores in Language Arts and Mathematics for the years 2010-2012 and complete 2010 census data for the communities each district serves. Charter school districts, technical schools, regional school districts, and school districts not containing seventh grade students were excluded from the study. The results of this study revealed that using the (a) percentage of all people under poverty, (b) percentage of community members with a bachelor’s degree, and (c) percentage of families with an income of $200,000 or more, which account for an individual’s community and family social capital, the percentage of students scoring Proficient or above, at the district level, were accurately predicted within the standard error of the estimate for 72.3% to 76.8% of the total districts’ Language Arts portion and 71.0% to 74.3% of the total districts’ Mathematics portions for the 2010-2012 NJ ASK 7. This study is unique in that the same three community and family-level demographic variables combined to predict assessment results over a three-year period. Moreover, the results from this study contribute to the existing research and demonstrate multiple measures should be used to make high-stakes decisions in education.
Spatial‐temporal variations in phytoplankton size and colored detrital matter absorption at global and regional scales, as derived from twelve years of SeaWiFS data (1998–2009)

A procedure has been proposed by Ciotti and Bricaud (2006) to retrieve spectral absorption coefficients of phytoplankton and colored detrital matter (CDM) from satellite radiance measurements. This was also the first procedure to estimate a size factor for phytoplankton, based on the shape of the retrieved algal absorption spectrum, and the spectral slope of CDM absorption. Applying this method to the global ocean color data set acquired by SeaWiFS over twelve years (1998–2009), allowed for a comparison of the spatial variations of chlorophyll concentration ([Chl]), algal size factor (Sf), CDM absorption coefficient (acdm) at 443 nm, and spectral slope of CDM absorption (Scdm). As expected, correlations between the derived parameters were characterized by a large scatter at the global scale. We compared temporal variability of the spatially averaged parameters over the twelve‐year period for three oceanic areas of biogeochemical importance: the Eastern Equatorial Pacific, the North Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. In all areas, both Sf and acdm(443) showed large seasonal and interannual variations, generally correlated to those of algal biomass. The CDM maxima appeared in some occasions to last longer than those of [Chl]. The spectral slope of CDM absorption showed very large seasonal cycles consistent with photobleaching, challenging the assumption of a constant slope commonly used in bio‐optical models. In the Equatorial Pacific, the seasonal cycles of [Chl], Sf, acdm(443) and Scdm, as well as the relationships between these parameters, were strongly affected by the 1997–98 El Niño/La Niña event.
Transcellular transport of cobalamin in aortic endothelial cells

Cobalamin [Cbl (or B12)] deficiency causes megaloblastic anemia and a variety of neuropathies. However, homeostatic mechanisms of cyanocobalamin (CNCbl) and other Cbls by vascular endothelial cells are poorly understood. Herein, we describe our investigation into whether cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) perform transcytosis of B12, namely, the complex formed between serum transcobalamin and B12, designated as holo‐ transcobalamin (holo‐TC). We show that cultured BAECs endocytose [57Co]‐CNCbl‐TC (source material) via the CD320 receptor. The bound Cbl is transported across the cell both via exocytosis in its free form, [57Co]‐CNCbl, and via transcytosis as [57Co]‐CNCbl‐TC. Transcellular mobilization of Cbl occurred in a bidirectional manner. A portion of the endocytosed [57Co]‐CNCbl was enzymatically processed by methylmalonic aciduria combined with homocystinuria type C (cblC) with subsequent formation of hydroxocobalamin, methylcobalamin, and adenosylcobalamin, which were also transported across the cell in a bidirectional manner. This demonstrates that transport mechanisms for Cbl in vascular endothelial cells do not discriminate between various β‐axial ligands of the vitamin. Competition studies with apoprotein‐ and holo‐TC and holo‐intrinsic factor showed that only holo‐TC was effective at inhibiting transcellular transport of Cbl. Incubation of BAECs with a blocking antibody against the extracellular domain of the CD320 receptor inhibited uptake and transcytosis by ~40%. This study reveals that endothelial cells recycle uncommitted intracellular Cbl for downstream usage by other cell types and suggests that the endothelium is self‐sufficient for the specific acquisition and subsequent distribution of circulating B12 via the CD320 receptor. We posit that the endothelial lining of the vasculature is an essential component for the maintenance of serum‐ tissue homeostasis of B12. —Hannibal, L. , Bolisetty, K. , Axhemi, A. , DiBello, P. M. , Quadros, E. V. , Fedosov, S. , Jacobsen, D. W. Transcellular transport of cobalamin in aortic endothelial cells. FASEB J. 32, 5506–5519 (2018). www.fasebj. org
Near-optimality of linear recovery in Gaussian observation scheme under $\Vert \cdot \Vert_{2}^{2}$-loss

We consider the problem of recovering linear image $Bx$ of a signal $x$ known to belong to a given convex compact set $X$ from indirect observation $\omega=Ax+\sigma\xi$ of $x$ corrupted by Gaussian noise $\xi$. It is shown that under some assumptions on $X$ (satisfied, e.g., when $X$ is the intersection of $K$ concentric ellipsoids/elliptic cylinders), an easy-to-compute linear estimate is near-optimal, in certain precise sense, in terms of its worst-case, over $x\in X$, expected $\|\cdot\|_2^2$-error. The main novelty here is that our results impose no restrictions on $A$ and $B$, to the best of our knowledge, preceding results on optimality of linear estimates dealt either with the case of direct observations $A=I$ and $B=I$, or with the "diagonal case" where $A$, $B$ are diagonal and $X$ is given by a "separable" constraint like $X=\{x:\sum_ia_i^2x_i^2\leq 1\}$ or $X=\{x:\max_i|a_ix_i|\leq1\}$, or with estimating a linear form (i.e., the case one-dimensional $Bx$).
Testing a Goal-Orientation Model of Antecedents to Career Calling

The dual-process framework proposes that there are two main orientations that affect goal development and management. We examined this framework as an explanatory model for the development of career calling, using a sample of young adults (N = 213, Mage 19.9 years). The model included goal orientation (assimilation and accommodation) as distal, trait-based characteristics influencing goal approach (engagement and disengagement), which, in turn, influences the development of a calling (an important domain-specific goal) and calling-related strategies (goal-implementation actions). The model was largely supported: Assimilation related positively to engagement and negatively to disengagement. Engagement related positively to calling and strategies, and engagement and disengagement mediated between assimilation and calling, explaining 45% of the variance in calling. Few studies have tested antecedents to career calling, meaning little research has focused on its development. This study illustrates a potential explanation for the development of a calling based on goal-setting and self-regulation approaches.
Parental Grief and Marital Issues Aftermath: A Pilot Study

The death of a child is difficult to the bereaved parents. Literature had associated the loss with marriage disruption. The issues on that the difficulties to communicate, gender-related coping mechanisms and sexual need were discussed as reasons for bereaved parents to have conflict in their relationship. However there is limited knowledge about this issue. A pilot study has been conducted among six bereaved parents. The bereaved parents were Malaysian Muslim bereaved parents. They were interviewed individually to explore the challenges or conflicts that they had experienced after the death of their child. This study revealed that there were situations which bereaved parents described as having difficulties in their relationship. However, this study also revealed that the mutual understanding and respect to each other are the most of important components for bereaved parents to maintain their relationship post-loss. This study suggested the importance of suggesting couple counselling to bereaved parents after the death of their child.
Screening in toddlers and preschoolers at risk for autism spectrum disorder: Evaluating a novel mobile‐health screening tool

There are many available tools with varying levels of accuracy designed to screen for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in young children, both in the general population and specifically among those referred for developmental concerns. With burgeoning waitlists for comprehensive diagnostic ASD assessments, finding accurate methods and tools for advancing diagnostic triage becomes increasingly important. The current study compares the efficacy of four oft used paper and pencil measures, the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers Revised with Follow‐up, the Social Responsiveness Scale, Second Edition, and the Social Communication Questionnaire, and the Child Behavior Checklist to a novel mobile‐health screening tool developed by Cognoa, Inc. (Cognoa) in a group of children 18–72 months of age. The Cognoa tool may have potential benefits as it integrates a series of parent‐report questions with remote clinical ratings of brief video segments uploaded via parent's smartphones to calculate level of ASD risk. Participants were referred to one of three tertiary care diagnostic centers for ASD‐related concerns (n = 230) and received a best estimate ASD diagnosis. Analysis and comparison of psychometric properties indicated potential advantages for Cognoa within this clinical sample across age ranges not often covered by another single measure/tool. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1038–1049. © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Liver Cancer Emergence Associated with Antiviral Treatment: An Immune Surveillance Failure?

Abstract The availability of new direct antiviral agents to safely and effectively treat the hepatitis C virus represents a major advancement in the field of liver disease. Most patients achieve complete viral eradication sustained over time. In addition, the administration of these new agents is safe and does not require limitations when liver function is impaired. Some now expect the hepatitis C virus to be completely eradicated in a few years. However, not all data are positive. In April 2016, we published a cohort study suggesting that viral eradication with the new agents could be associated in time with the emergence of recurrent cancer sites in patients previously treated for hepatocellular carcinoma. In this review, we update our report and summarize the data provided in recent publications. We also speculate about the mechanisms for cancer emergence and stress the need for further studies.
Typical use of inverse dynamics in perceiving motion in autistic adults: Exploring computational principles of perception and action

There is increasing evidence for motor difficulties in many people with autism spectrum condition (ASC). These difficulties could be linked to differences in the use of internal models which represent relations between motions and forces/efforts. The use of these internal models may be dependent on the cerebellum which has been shown to be abnormal in autism. Several studies have examined internal computations of forward dynamics (motion from force information) in autism, but few have tested the inverse dynamics computation, that is, the determination of force‐related information from motion information. Here, we examined this ability in autistic adults by measuring two perceptual biases which depend on the inverse computation. First, we asked participants whether they experienced a feeling of resistance when moving a delayed cursor, which corresponds to the inertial force of the cursor implied by its motion—both typical and ASC participants reported similar feelings of resistance. Second, participants completed a psychophysical task in which they judged the velocity of a moving hand with or without a visual cue implying inertial force. Both typical and ASC participants perceived the hand moving with the inertial cue to be slower than the hand without it. In both cases, the magnitude of the effects did not differ between the two groups. Our results suggest that the neural systems engaged in the inverse dynamics computation are preserved in ASC, at least in the observed conditions. Autism Res 2018, 11: 1062–1075. © 2018 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Proanthocyanidins against Oxidative Stress: From Molecular Mechanisms to Clinical Applications

Proanthocyanidins (PCs) are naturally occurring polyphenolic compounds abundant in many vegetables, plant skins (rind/bark), seeds, flowers, fruits, and nuts. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated myriad effects potentially beneficial to human health, such as antioxidation, anti-inflammation, immunomodulation, DNA repair, and antitumor activity. Accumulation of prooxidants such as reactive oxygen species (ROS) exceeding cellular antioxidant capacity results in oxidative stress (OS), which can damage macromolecules (DNA, lipids, and proteins), organelles (membranes and mitochondria), and whole tissues. OS is implicated in the pathogenesis and exacerbation of many cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, dermatological, and metabolic diseases, both through direct molecular damage and secondary activation of stress-associated signaling pathways. PCs are promising natural agents to safely prevent acute damage and control chronic diseases at relatively low cost. In this review, we summarize the molecules and signaling pathways involved in OS and the corresponding therapeutic mechanisms of PCs.
Outcome of patient with high-risk chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, treated with decitabine prior to transformation to acute myeloid leukemia: A case report

The present study describes a patient with high-risk chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML), for whom decitabine therapy achieved partial remission, prior to a sudden transformation to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and an inferior outcome. The 53-year-old male reported easily bruising for 5 months. Examination indicated a diagnosis of CMML. Chromosome analysis identified a 48, XY, +8, +21 karyotype, classifying the patient as high-risk, according to a clinical/molecular CPSS (CPSS-Mol) model. Gene sequencing detected a mutation in DNA methyltransferase 3α, which is relatively rarely identified in CMML and has recently been reported to have an independent prognostic impact on overall survival time. Partial remission was achieved with decitabine treatment, and hematologic improvement was observed subsequent to 2 cycles of treatment. However, a sudden transformation to AML led to fatality of the patient. This case suggests that decitabine may be an effective therapeutic for high-risk CMML; however, the response may be temporary, and the ultimate outcome may be extremely poor. Therefore, novel treatment strategies of CMML, including combination therapies with decitabine, or targeted drugs, including Janus kinase inhibitors or granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor monoclonal antibodies, require investigation.
N/S Co-doped Carbon Derived From Cotton as High Performance Anode Materials for Lithium Ion Batteries

Highly porous carbon with large surface areas is prepared using cotton as carbon sources which derived from discard cotton balls. Subsequently, the sulfur-nitrogen co-doped carbon was obtained by heat treatment the carbon in presence of thiourea and evaluated as Lithium-ion batteries anode. Benefiting from the S, N co-doping, the obtained S, N co-doped carbon exhibits excellent electrochemical performance. As a result, the as-prepared S, N co-doped carbon can deliver a high reversible capacity of 1,101.1 mA h g−1 after 150 cycles at 0.2 A g−1, and a high capacity of 531.2 mA h g−1 can be observed even after 5,000 cycles at 10.0 A g−1. Moreover, excellently rate capability also can be observed, a high capacity of 689 mA h g−1 can be obtained at 5.0 A g−1. This superior lithium storage performance of S, N co-doped carbon make it as a promising low-cost and sustainable anode for high performance lithium ion batteries.
A Review of Social Problem-Solving Interventions

Students with significant behavioral and social problems experience some of the poorest outcomes in school and beyond. It is imperative, therefore, that educational researchers and school-based professionals address the needs of students who exhibit maladaptive behavior to alter their poor outcome trajectory. Social problem-solving (SPS) instruction is a promising approach for improving social competence and changing problem behaviors. Despite documented outcomes for SPS instruction in school settings, Coleman, Wheeler, and Webber’s review appears to be the most up-to-date compilation of the SPS literature. Thus, the purpose of this article is to present a more current review of the literature on SPS interventions in school settings. We examine and summarize studies investigating SPS interventions in K–12 settings from 1993 to 2015 and discuss findings and implications for educational research and practice.
The Spectrum of Histopathological Changes in the Renal Allograft - a 12 Months Protocol Biopsy Study

INTRODUCTION: Renal transplantation became a routine and successful medical treatment for Chronic Kidney Disease in the last 30 years all over the world. Introduction of Luminex based Single Antigen Beads (SAB) and recent BANFF consensus of histopathological phenotypes of different forms of rejection enables more precise diagnosis and changes the therapeutic approach. The graft biopsies, protocol or cause, indicated, remain a golden diagnostic tool for clinical follow up of kidney transplant recipients (KTR). AIM: The study aimed to analyse the histopathological changes in renal grafts 12 months after the surgery in KTR with satisfactory kidney function. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A 12-month protocol biopsy study was performed in a cohort of 50 Kidney transplant recipients (42 from living and 8 from deceased donors). Usual work-up for suitable donors and recipients, standard surgical procedure, basic principles of peri and postoperative care and follow up were done in all KTR. Sequential quadruple immunosuppression including induction with Anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) or Interleukin-2R antagonist (IL-2R), and triple drug maintenance therapy with Calcineurin Inhibitors (CNI), Mycophenolate Mofetil (MMF) and Steroids were prescribed to all pts. Different forms of Glomerulonephritis (16), Hypertension (10), End Stage Renal Disease (13), Hereditary Nephropathies (6), Diabetes (3) and Vesicoureteral Reflux (2) were the underlying diseases. All biopsies were performed under ultrasound guidance. The 16 gauge needles with automated “gun” were used to take 2 cores of tissue. The samples were stained with HE, PAS, Trichrome Masson and Silver and reviewed by the same pathologist. A revised and uploaded BANFF 2013 classification in 6 categories (Cat) was used. RESULTS: Out of 48 biopsies, 15 (31%) were considered as normal, 4 (8%), Borderline (BL-Cat 3), 5 (10%) as Interstitial Fibrosis/Tubular Atrophy (IF/TA-Cat 5), 5 (10%) were classified as non-immunological (Cat 6), 2 as a pure antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR-Cat 2) and T-cell Mediated Rejection (TCMR-Cat 4). The remaining 17 samples were classified as a “mixed” rejection: 7 (41%) ABMR + IF/TA, 5 (29%) ABMR + BL + IF/TA, 2 (11%) BL + IF/TA, 1 (5%) ABMR + BL, 1 (5%) ABMR + TCMR and 1 (5%) TCMR + IF/TA. The mean serum creatinine at the time of the biopsy was 126.7 ± 23.4 µmol/L, while GFR-MDRD 63.4 ± 20.7 ml/min, which means that the majority of the findings were subclinical. Among the non-immunological histological findings (Cat 6), 3 cases belonged to CNI toxicity, 1 to BK nephropathy and 1 to recurrence of the primary disease. CONCLUSION: Our 12-month protocol biopsy study revealed the presence of different forms of mixed subclinical rejection. Use of recent BANFF classification and scoring system enables more precise diagnosis and subsequently different approach to the further treatment of the KTR. More correlative long-term studies including Anti HLA antibodies and Endothelial Cell Activation- Associated Transcripts (ENDAT) are needed.
Towards an understanding of success dimensions in Design Thinking education

Ideation and innovation processes have become a cornerstone for the competitiveness of organisations. Design Thinking is one promising way to extend the creative potential of both students and professionals. Interdisciplinary teams solving complex challenges in open innovation spaces are the specialty of Design Thinking. The HPI School of Design Thinking in Potsdam, Germany, offers education programmes for students and professionals to become proficient in the process and methods. This thesis focuses on the question of how the current student education programme in Potsdam can be evaluated. Previous research in this area mainly focused on professional contexts. As no formal accreditation seems suitable for the student programme, a congeneric literature review suggested 4 success dimensions: motivation and understanding, learning goals, learning experience and facilitation, success perception and personal development. In a qualitative and explorative format, 13 interviewees (applicants, students, coaches and staff members) were invited for in-depth interviews. Team work is perceived as most relevant for the education programme and is understood as collaborative and innovative problem solving among team members from diverse backgrounds. Students perceive the programme as successful when they learn how to work and manage interdisciplinary teams (team-level), how to develop their creative confidence (personal-level) and how to apply Design Thinking for future projects (content-level). Several important success elements for each success dimension were derived, providing the base for the development of quantitative or qualitative evaluation measures capturing the overall programme. Extensive descriptions of the rich results provide a current state of the Design Thinking programme and suggest future improvement areas. In making implicit knowledge of the d.school available to the academic society, researchers and individuals outside this subject area can gain a deeper understanding of the Design Thinking programme.