Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cognitive structural models of unemployment and employment

Basing predictions on the concepts of a mental model and social representation, we use a network diagram technique, which is a graphical extension and a statistical development of Lunt's matrix method (Lunt, 1989, 1991), to elicit individual models of the causal factors affecting a person's prospects of unemployment (Expt 1) or employment (Expt 2). Such diagrams comprise both direct paths from a factor to the phenomenon and indirect paths in which the connection to it is via some other factor. As we expected, the representation of unemployment is politicized in a way the representation of employment is not. In both studies, individuals also rated the effectiveness of different actions, based on the diagrammed factors, to affect the target phenomenon. These ratings were best explained by the perceived strength of factor paths rather than simply by the number of paths emanating from that factor. Experiment 2 also showed that the relative importance of direct path strengths in predicting these ratings depended on the order of completing the diagram and rating tasks consistent with expectations derived from the theory of mental models. Finally, using factor analysis and item response theory we show that individual diagrams for employment can be conceptualized as deriving from a single consensual representation. We discuss a view of social representation consistent with these data.
Conceptualising the use of Facebook in ethnographic research: as tool, as data and as context

This article proposes a three-part conceptualisation of the use of Facebook in ethnographic research: as a tool, as data and as context. Longitudinal research with young adults at a time of significant change provides many challenges for the ethnographic researcher, such as maintaining channels of communication and high rates of participant attrition. Facebook offers a resolution to such challenges as a measure of maintaining research interest and relationships, alongside its potential as a unique research tool and rich source of data on students' reading and writing practices. Despite significant methodological and ethical issues arising from the use of Facebook in the research study presented, this article argues that the benefits of using Facebook, such as its potential for maintaining communication, providing context and generating data, override any such issues and offers valuable insights and commentary on facilitating online–offline longitudinal research with young people.
Success factors in technology transfer to SME’s: Rundu woodwork common facility center

Recently, it has been argued that the diffusion of modern technology has far reaching impact on the economy, on quality of life and on the environment particularly in developing countries. However, there has been little emphasis on the factors and systems that promote and/or impede technology transfer in terms of contributions to economic wealth creation through improved technical application. The objective of this paper is to examine and present empirical evidence on factors that contribute to the successes and/or failures in technology transfer using a case of wood work. The case study presents the empirical evidence of the impact of technology transfer framework on an SME manufacturing enterprise at the northern town of Rundu, Namibia. The paper further defines the concept of technology transfer and reviews the Namibian government's policy and strategic framework for SME technology transfer in the private sector. Overall, the results support the view that internal factors, such as personal commitments, willingness to learn and competency, as well as external factors, such as access to a variety of services, strongly influence the success of technology transfer.
Ontology Evolution

The evolution of ontologies is an undisputed necessity in ontology-based data integration. Yet, few research efforts have focused on addressing the need to reflect the evolution of ontologies used as global schemata onto the underlying data integration systems. In most of these approaches, when ontologies change their relations with the data sources, i.e., the mappings, are recreated manually, a process which is known to be error-prone and time-consuming. In this paper, we provide a solution that allows query answering in data integration systems under evolving ontologies without mapping redefinition. This is achieved by rewriting queries among ontology versions and then forwarding them to the underlying data integration systems to be answered. To this purpose, initially, we automatically detect and describe the changes among ontology versions using a high level language of changes. Those changes are interpreted as sound global-as-view (GAV) mappings, and they are used in order to produce equivalent rewritings among ontology versions. Whenever equivalent rewritings cannot be produced we a) guide query redefinition or b) provide the best ''over-approximations'', i.e., the minimally-containing and minimally-generalized rewritings. We prove that our approach imposes only a small overhead over traditional query rewriting algorithms and it is modular and scalable. Finally, we show that it can greatly reduce human effort spent since continuous mapping redefinition is no longer necessary. I. INTRODUCTION The development of new scientific techniques and the emergence of new high throughput tools have led to a new information revolution. The nature and the amount of information now available open directions of research that were once in the realm of science fiction. During this information revolution the data gathering capabilities have greatly surpassed the data analysis techniques, making the task to fully analyze the data at the speed at which it is collected a challenge. The amount, diversity, and heterogeneity of that information have led to the adoption of data integration systems in order to manage it and further process it. However, the integration of these disparate data sources raises several semantic heterogeneity problems. By accepting ontology as a point of common reference, naming conflicts are eliminated and semantic conflicts are
Infection of Human Endothelial Cells with Chlamydia pneumoniae Stimulates Transendothelial Migration of Neutrophils and Monocytes

ABSTRACT We have previously shown that different isolates of Chlamydia pneumoniae display heterogeneity in the in vitro stimulation of chemokines and adhesion molecules from infected human endothelial cells. In the present study, we examined the ability of different isolates of C. pneumoniae to promote transendothelial migration of neutrophils and monocytes. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were infected with low (<15)-passageC. pneumoniae isolates A-03, PS-32, and BR-393 and high (>40)-passage isolates BAL-16, TW-183, and T-2634, and levels of neutrophil and monocyte transendothelial migration were determined following 24 h of infection. Compared to mock-infected controls, significant increases in neutrophil migration were observed in response to most C. pneumoniae isolates examined (P < 0.001). Levels of monocyte migration were significantly increased in response to TW-183 and T-2634 (P < 0.001). Serial passage (>40 times) of the three low-passage isolates in HEp-2 cell cultures prior to infection of HUVEC generally resulted in the promotion of higher levels of neutrophil and monocyte transendothelial migration. These findings were compatible with differences observed in the extent of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) stimulation between low- and high-passage A-03, PS-32, and BR-393. As opposed toC. pneumoniae, infection with C. trachomatis L2 caused only a slight increase in neutrophil transendothelial migration, which correlated with the lack of measurable IL-8 levels by this species. However, significant levels of monocyte migration were induced in response to C. trachomatis L2 despite a lack of measurable MCP-1 stimulation.C. trachomatis serovars A and E also failed to induce IL-8 and MCP-1 production in HUVEC. Results from this study indicate that the passage history of C. pneumoniae may play a role in the divergence of stimulatory activities observed among isolates in human endothelial cells. In addition, the differences observed between this organism and C. trachomatissuggest that the upregulation of IL-8 and MCP-1 in endothelial cells may be unique to C. pneumoniae.
The analysis of athletic performance: some practical and philosophical considerations

This article presents a hypothetical dialogue between a notational analyst (NA) recently schooled in the positivistic assessment of athletic performance, an ‘old-school’ traditional coach (TC) who favours subjective analysis, and a pragmatic educator (PE). The conversation opens with NA and TC debating the respective value of quantitative and qualitative methods of performance analysis. Having considered their arguments from a-distance, PE offers a philosophically underpinned point of view that helps to practically reconcile NA's and TC's opposing positions. While primarily focusing on practical issues relating to the analysis of athletic performance, PE contends that ‘quantitative’ and ‘qualitative’ approaches can be legitimately used in combination. Such a stance would appear in-line with a pragmatic philosophical perspective, which by focusing on practical issues embraces pluralistic methods. It is hoped that this dialogue will facilitate further philosophical and practical debate to generate knowledge that could enrich coaches' understanding by presenting an approach to performance analysis that is more realistic for practitioners.
Effects of Brief Behavioural Activation on Approach and Avoidance Tendencies in Acute Depression: Preliminary Findings

Background: It has been suggested that the behavioural activation (BA) treatments for depression unfold their effects, at least partly, through changes in approach and avoidance tendencies. However, as yet, little research has examined the cognitive effects of these interventions. Aims: This study investigated the impact of a single session of BA on depressive symptomatology, self-reported avoidance, and behavioural approach and avoidance tendencies. Method: Forty-six patients with a diagnosis of Major Depression were recruited from primary care psychological therapies services and block randomized to either a single session of behavioural activation (n = 22) or waiting list control (n = 24) delivered by an unblinded therapist. Self-reports of symptoms and cognitive factors were assessed before and after the one-week intervention phase. Approach and avoidance behavioural tendencies were assessed using the Approach-Avoidance Task (AAT). Results: Data from 40 participants (n = 20 in each group) was available for analyses. Depressive symptoms significantly decreased, and activation significantly increased from before to after treatment in the treatment group, but not in the control group. Performance on the AAT showed a trend indicating increased approach to positive valence stimuli in the treatment group, but not in the control group. Mediational analyses indicated small indirect effects of self-reported change in activation as mediators of the effect of condition on symptoms. Conclusions: The findings suggest that a single session of BA can have significant effects on symptoms in clinically depressed patients. Results hint at the possibility that increased behavioural approach might mediate the effect of BA.
Regulation of Parotid Salivary Proteins by Glucocorticoids

Previous studies have indicated that adrenal-intact rats treated for one week with pharmacological doses of the synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone, show a significant reduction in the proportion of proline-rich proteins and an increase in the proportion of amylase in rat parotid saliva (Johnson et al., 1987). In order to understand more fully the role of glucocorticoids in the regulation of salivary proteins, we performed bilateral adrenalectomies on groups of rats. Some of the adrenalectomized rats were treated with replacement-level doses of the synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone. The food intake was monitored daily for both groups, and sham-operated pair-fed controls were included so that the effects of alterations of food intake could be separated from those of the experimental procedures. After eight to 12 days, uniformly stimulated parotid saliva was collected from these animals as well as from sham-operated controls fed ad libitum. The volume of saliva collected in 30 min was recorded, and the saliva samples were analyzed for concentration and composition of protein. Although the volume of saliva was not affected, parotid saliva collected from adrenalectomized rats exhibited a two-fold greater proportion of proline-rich proteins and reductions in other major secretory proteins: DNase, Fraction I, and Fraction V. The parotid gland secretory granules of adrenalectomized rats were more electron-lucent than in the ad libitum-fed controls. Treatment of adrenalectomized rats with dexamethasone largely prevented the changes in salivary protein composition as well as the alterations in secretory granule morphology. The results of these studies, along with those of our previous report, suggest that glucocorticoids are involved in the regulation of the synthesis of parotid gland secretory proteins.
Plan Quality Evaluation 1994–2012

During the last twenty years, more than forty-five publications have sought to measure and evaluate the quality of plans using content analysis methods. We examine reasons for this growth in the literature and its contributions and limitations. We also examine whether the research methods described in these publications conform to recommended practices in the methodological literature on content analysis to determine whether plan quality researchers are likely to be generating reliable and reproducible plan quality data. We provide seven recommendations plan quality researchers can follow to address these weaknesses and improve the reliability and reproducibility of their data.
Splenic Long-Lived Plasma Cells Promote the Development of Follicular Helper T Cells during Autoimmune Responses

Long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs) develop under the help of follicular helper T (Tfh) cells and reside mainly in the bone marrow. However, these cells are unusually abundant in the spleen of several autoimmune models including K/BxNsf mice, yet their pathogenic impact remains unknown. To investigate a previously unappreciated role of splenic LLPCs, we sorted splenic plasma cells (PCs) from K/BxNsf and K/BxN mice, corresponding to LLPCs and conventional short-lived PCs, respectively, and compared their phenotypes and ability to prime and induce the differentiation of naive CD4+ T cells into effector cells in vitro and in vivo. We found that K/BxNsf PCs had lower levels of the Ag presentation machinery and costimulators than K/BxN PCs, and also a lower CD4+ T cell priming capacity. Autoantigen-pulsed K/BxNsf PCs selectively polarized cognate CD4+ T cells toward the expression of molecules necessary for Tfh development and function. As a result, the K/BxNsf PC-primed CD4+ T cells were more effective in stimulating B cells to produce autoantigen-specific IgGs than K/BxN PCs or even dendritic cells. Adoptive transfer of K/BxNsf PCs, but not K/BxN PCs, to K/BxN mice increased numbers of Tfh cells in draining lymph nodes. These results propose that abnormal accumulation of LLPCs in the spleen of autoimmune models drives the differentiation of autoantigen-primed CD4+ T cells to Tfh cells. This positive feedback loop between splenic LLPCs and Tfh cells may contribute to the persistence of humoral autoimmunity.
The Rural-Urban Digital Divide

This study used national survey data to determine whether the “digital divide” between metropolitan and nonmetropolitan populations was widening. The findings showed that one's income, age, and education were more closely associated with the use of information technologies than was geographical location. The positive association among status indicators and technology use appeared to be strengthening over time. The study concluded that contrary to utopian predictions of the universal benefits provided by the tools of the digital revolution, innovative uses of information technologies are likely to remain closely associated with social indicators.
Computer proofs for polynomial identities in arbitrary many variables

We present an algorithm for proving certain families of nomial identities in which the number of variables appears as a parameter.Typically,indefinite sums and products (possibly nested)are used for defining such polynomial ties, but in principle the definition of the problem may be given in terms of arbitrary polynomial recurrences (possibly nonlinear). An implementation of our algorithm in Mat e-matica was able to verify identities appearing in textbooks, which, to our knowledge,were previously not accessible by any symbolic method. A collection of examples is included in the paper.
Family dynamics, preschoolers’ family representations, and preschool peer relationships.

Most prior studies of family-peer linkages during the preschool years have asked how mothers' or fathers' parenting practices contribute to early social competence. However, recent evidence from studies of family group-level processes raise the possibility that coparenting and family group process may also influence early social competence. This study traces pathways between family group-level dynamics, preschoolers' family imagery, and peer behavior at nursery school, testing the hypothesis that children's perceptions of family anger and aggression provide a link (through mediation and other indirect connections) between family process and early peer behavior. 43 four-year-olds used a set of doll family figures to tell stories about happy, sad, mad and worried families, and participated in a puppet interview in which they answered questions about family activities and family anger. Children's projection of aggression into the doll family task and discomfort during the puppet interview were each related t.
Employment and the common cancers: correlates of work ability during or following cancer treatment.

AIMS To provide an in-depth review of the impact of cancer and cancer-related issues on work ability for those working during or following cancer treatment. METHODS Of total, 19 papers published between 1999 and 2008 on cancer and work ability were reviewed. RESULTS Studies have shown that most types of cancers result in decreased work ability compared to healthy controls or those with other chronic conditions. Some cancer types have more decreased work ability than other types. Decreased work ability is associated with type of treatment (chemotherapy), treatment-related side-effects (e.g. fatigue) and co-morbidity with other health conditions. For most cancers, work ability improves over time irrespective of age. CONCLUSIONS More longitudinal research is required to fully determine the impact of cancer and its treatment on work ability, occupational health services can help such employees make a full recovery and maintain employment by regularly assessing work ability and working hours so that work adjustment and support can be appropriately tailored.
Explanations for the Success of Video Interaction Guidance (VIG)

Video interaction guidance (VIG) is an effective method for family work that is increasingly popular in clinical practice in several European countries. However, the factors that explain the success of this method are still unclear. This research provides a first contribution to fill this gap, by exploring the explanations of those who directly experience VIG. Five client families, three VIG professionals, and five VIG supervisors participated in the study. Content analysis of 15 therapeutic sessions, interviews, and focus groups was carried out. Results suggest that VIG improves family happiness, parental self-esteem and self-efficacy, and attitude–behavior change due to four key methodological components of VIG: (a) the professional’s reception and support, (b) the videoed interaction, (c) the success-focused approach, and (d) the video as a proof of success and change and two key underlying mechanisms of VIG success: (a) the metacognitive processes and (b) the shared construction of a new reality. The identified factors were integrated in a model, aiming to explain the success of VIG in the context of family psychotherapy.
Profile of non communicable disease risk factors in an industrial setting.

AIM The profile of non communicable diseases (NCD) risk factors was identified in an industry by pre tested WHO's STEPS questionnaire. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A cross-sectional survey of all employment categories of an Industry (2000 employees) was done after randomly selecting subjects (220) from worker (52%) and non worker categories (47.4%), after informed consent. MATERIALS AND METHODS Information was collected on behavioural risk factors (STEP I), followed by anthropometric and blood pressure measurements by a trained investigator (STEP II). STEP III constituted biochemical assessment of "at risk" subjects (> 3 risk factors). STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Percentage of subjects having NCD risk factors and the odds ratios were calculated. RESULTS Overall risk factor profile of the study subjects revealed universal prevalence of 3 risk factors) with prevalence of hypercholesterolemia, hypertension and diabetes of 40.5, 38.2 and 19.1% respectively. CONCLUSIONS A high prevalence of NCD risk factors in industrial setting was seen; therefore public health approaches are required at workplace settings to curtail the rising epidemic in the productive populations.
Mean And Covariance Structures Analyses: An Examination Of The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale Among Adolescents And Adults

Evidence of equivalence of measures is necessary before comparisons can be made across groups. Comparability of a measure is a matter of degrees from weak to strong. Many examinations of factorial invariance examine the factor pattern coefficients but not the stronger requirement of equivalence of intercept terms. This study examined the cross-age comparability of the widely used Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) in a sample of adolescents and adults in families receiving Aid to Families With Dependent Children (AFDC). Multiple-group mean and covariance structures (MACS) analysis was used to demonstrate strong invariance of the measures and make comparisons across age groups. Similarities of means in the RSES were found across groups.