Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Experience of Deep Learning by Accounting Students in a University Accounting Course

Higher education in accounting faces a challenge to shift its emphasis from reproducing technical knowledge to developing personal capabilities such as critical thinking, creative thinking, problem-solving, communication and teamwork. The educational psychology literature suggests students will not make the cognitive effort to develop personal capabilities unless they frrst experience a deep approach to learning; and the experience of high-level relevance structure, high-level conception of learning and intrinsic motivation strongly support deep learning. This study examines how accounting students can be supported to experience high-level relevance structure, high-level conception of learning, intrinsic motivation and deep learning in the context of a university accounting course. Phenomenography is used to study the experience of learning of students in a third year undergraduate accounting course into which an integrated set of interventions involving Assessment, Teamwork, Teacher-Student Relationship and Instruction was introduced. An assignment in five stages and five session preparation assignments, supplemented with a focus group and surveys of students, identified and captured the ways students experience key aspects of how they learn. A key fmding of this study is that it is possible to transform the design and delivery of a single university course to support a large proportion of students to experience change in how they learn accounting (and, in particular, to experience deep learning) through the careful adaptation of education theory. An implication of this study is the need to support students to experience change in how they learn in frrst year courses to enable them to develop personal capabilities in their later university studies.
International Strategic Management Conference 2015 Analysis of the Relationship Between Human Resources Management Practices and Organizational Commitment from a Strategic Perspective : Findings from the Banking Industry

The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of human resources management practices on organizational commitment, singly and systematically. The data was gathered from 304 participants in Eskişehir, who work in the banking industry. For that purpose, a survey study was conducted in different banks in Eskişehir. To analyze the relationship between the variables included in the study, correlations and multiple-regression statistics were used. The findings from the study support the variables (choice, training, performance evaluation, promotion, performance-based rewards, information sharing, job security and human resources management system) and these variables are also supported by findings of previous studies. As findings from this study depict, human resources management practices have an effect on organizational commitment both singly and systematically. The findings obtained open new horizons in discussions that defend the unification of human resources management practices in the banking industry in Eskişehir © 2015 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. Peer-review under responsibility of the International Strategic Management Conference.
A fast and simple method to calculate protonation states in proteins

A simple model for electrostatic interactions in proteins, based on a distance and position dependent screening of the electrostatic potential, is presented. It is applied in conjunction with a Monte Carlo algorithm to calculate pKα values of ionizable groups in proteins. The purpose is to furnish a simple, fast, and sufficiently accurate model to be incorporated into molecular dynamic simulations. This will allow for dynamic protonation calculations and for coupling between changes in structure and protonation state during the simulation. The best method of calculating protonation states available today is based on solving the linearized Poisson‐Boltzmann equation on a finite difference grid. However, this model consumes far too much computer time to be a practical alternative. Tests are reported for fixed structures on bacteriorhodopsin, lysozyme, myoglobin, and calbindin. The studies include comparisons with Poisson‐Boltzmann calculations with dielectric constants 4 and 20 inside the protein, a model with uniform dielectric constant 80 and distance‐dependent dielectric models. The accuracy is comparable to that of Poisson‐Boltzmann calculations with dielectric constant 20, and it is considerably better than that with ϵ = 4. The time to calculate the protonation at one pH value is at least 100 times less than that of a Poisson‐Boltzmann calculation. Proteins 1999;36:474–483. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Measurement of 2D vibration modes using amplification of high speed video in the presence of noise

The amplification of video allows sub-pixel movement to be revealed. This has been applied to measure structural vibration using high speed video. A perspective correction has been defined to allow 2D modal analysis to be conducted on a flat plate showing that accurate displacement measurements across the surface can be made. Furthermore, the effect of using various excitation signals including white noise and swept sine has demonstrated that it is possible to extract several mode shapes in a single measurement. Finally, measurements have been conducted on a Dyson Airblade V hand-drier in operation showing that high speed video measurement of vibration can be applied to industrial noise control problems. The main advantage of this method is ease of testing compared to traditional single point accelerometers and measurement of time variant signals compared to a scanning laser vibrometer.
Resource Allocation for Two Source-Destination Pairs Sharing a Single Relay with a Buffer

In this paper, we obtain the optimal resource allocation scheme in order to maximize the achievable rate region in a dual-hop system that consists of two independent source-destination pairs sharing a single half-duplex relay. The relay decodes the received information and possesses buffers to enable storing the information temporarily before forwarding it to the respective destination. We consider both non-orthogonal transmission with successive interference cancellation at the receivers and orthogonal transmission. Also, we consider Gaussian block-fading channels and we assume that the channel state information is known and that no delay constraints are required. We show that, with the aid of buffering at the relay, joint user-and-hop scheduling is optimal and can enhance the achievable rate significantly. This is due to the joint exploitation of multiuser diversity and multihop diversity in the system. We provide closed-form expressions to characterize the average achievable rates in a generic form as functions of the statistical model of the channels. Furthermore, we consider sub-optimal schemes that exploit the diversity in the system partially and we provide numerical results to compare the different schemes and demonstrate the gains of the optimal one.
Error Cascades in the Biological Sciences: The Unwanted Consequences of Using Bad Taxonomy in Ecology

Abstract Why do ecologists seem to underestimate the consequences of using bad taxonomy? Is it because the consequences of doing so have not been yet scrutinized well enough? Is it because these consequences are irrelevant? In this paper I examine and discuss these questions, focusing on the fact that because ecological works provide baseline information for many other biological disciplines, they play a key role in spreading and magnifying the abundance of a variety of conceptual and methodological errors. Although overlooked and underestimated, this cascade-like process originates from trivial taxonomical problems that affect hypotheses and ideas, but it soon shifts into a profound practical problem affecting our knowledge about nature, as well as the ecosystem structure and functioning and the efficiency of human health care programs. In order to improve the intercommunication among disciplines, I propose a set of specific requirements that peer reviewed journals should request from all authors, and I also advocate for urgent institutional and financial support directed at reinvigorating the formation of scientific collections that integrate taxonomy and ecology.
NAE-SAT-based probabilistic membership filters

Probabilistic membership filters are a type of data structure designed to quickly verify whether an element of a large data set belongs to a subset of the data. While false negatives are not possible, false positives are. Therefore, the main goal of any good probabilistic membership filter is to have a small false-positive rate while being memory efficient and fast to query. Although Bloom filters are fast to construct, their memory efficiency is bounded by a strict theoretical upper bound. Weaver et al. introduced random satisfiability-based filters that significantly improved the efficiency of the probabilistic filters, however, at the cost of solving a complex random satisfiability (SAT) formula when constructing the filter. Here we present an improved SAT filter approach with a focus on reducing the filter building times, as well as query times. Our approach is based on using not-all-equal (NAE) SAT formulas to build the filters, solving these via a mapping to random SAT using traditionally-fast random SAT solvers, as well as bit packing and the reduction of the number of hash functions. Paired with fast hardware, NAE-SAT filters could result in enterprise-size applications.
Polynucleotide phosphorylase is a global regulator of virulence and persistency in Salmonella enterica

For many pathogens, the ability to regulate their replication in host cells is a key element in establishing persistency. Here, we identified a single point mutation in the gene for polynucleotide phosphorylase (PNPase) as a factor affecting bacterial invasion and intracellular replication, and which determines the alternation between acute or persistent infection in a mouse model for Salmonella enterica infection. In parallel, with microarray analysis, PNPase was found to affect the mRNA levels of a subset of virulence genes, in particular those contained in Salmonella pathogenicity islands 1 and 2. The results demonstrate a connection between PNPase and Salmonella virulence and show that alterations in PNPase activity could represent a strategy for the establishment of persistency.
Attenuation of human respiratory syncytial virus by genome-scale codon-pair deoptimization

Significance Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important viral agent of serious pediatric respiratory-tract disease. We designed new live attenuated RSV vaccine candidates by codon-pair deoptimization (CPD). Specifically, viral ORFs were recoded to increase the usage of underrepresented codon pairs, leaving amino acid coding unchanged. CPD viruses were temperature-sensitive and grew less efficiently in vitro than wild-type RSV. In addition, the CPD viruses exhibited a range of restriction in mice and African green monkeys that compared favorably with existing attenuated strains presently in clinical studies. This study produced examples of a new type of vaccine candidate for RSV and showed that CPD of a nonsegmented negative-strand RNA virus can rapidly generate vaccine candidates with a range of attenuation. Human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most important viral agent of serious pediatric respiratory-tract disease worldwide. A vaccine or generally effective antiviral drug is not yet available. We designed new live attenuated RSV vaccine candidates by codon-pair deoptimization (CPD). Specifically, viral ORFs were recoded by rearranging existing synonymous codons to increase the content of underrepresented codon pairs. Amino acid coding was completely unchanged. Four CPD RSV genomes were designed in which the indicated ORFs were recoded: Min A (NS1, NS2, N, P, M, and SH), Min B (G and F), Min L (L), and Min FLC (all ORFs except M2-1 and M2-2). Surprisingly, the recombinant CPD viruses were temperature-sensitive for replication in vitro (level of sensitivity: Min FLC > Min L > Min B > Min A). All of the CPD mutants grew less efficiently in vitro than recombinant wild-type (WT) RSV, even at the typically permissive temperature of 32 °C (growth efficiency: WT > Min L > Min A > Min FLC > Min B). CPD of the ORFs for the G and F surface glycoproteins provided the greatest restrictive effect. The CPD viruses exhibited a range of restriction in mice and African green monkeys comparable with that of two attenuated RSV strains presently in clinical trials. This study provided a new type of attenuated RSV and showed that CPD can rapidly generate vaccine candidates against nonsegmented negative-strand RNA viruses, a large and expanding group that includes numerous pathogens of humans and animals.
The distribution of a male sterile form of TI (Cordyline fruticosa) in polynesia: A case of human selection?

Cordyline fruticosa (L. ) Chev. is a woody monocot in the family Laxmanniaceae. About 20 species in this genus have a Southern Hemisphere distribution, with the greatest diversity concentrated in Australia and New Zealand but the exact area of origin of C. fruticosa is unknown. Distribution and uses of 'ti' across the Polynesian region, paying special attention to variation in its reproductive capacity is discussed.
The Efficacy of Infliximab in Sciatica Induced by Disc Herniations Located at L3/4 or L4/5: A Small-Scale Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of Infliximab, a monoclonal antibody against tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF￻ ), in patients with acute/subacute sciatica secondary to herniated disc at L3/4 or L4/5. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Background: The results from our randomized trial demonstrated no efficacy for Infliximab but the subgroup results suggested that Infliximab may be effective for sciatica induced by herniations at L3/4 or L4/5. Methods: Inclusion criteria were unilateral moderate-to-severe sciatic pain with an MRI-confirmed disc herniation at L3/4 or L4/5 and candidacy for discectomy. Patients were randomized to receive either a single infusion of Infliximab 5 mg/kg or placebo. Outcomes included intensity of leg and back pain, Oswestry disability, quality-of-life (RAND-36) and straight leg raising (SLR) restriction at week 26. Data between baseline and the six-month follow-up were analyzed using Mann- Whitney U test. Results: Due to slow recruitment the trial ended prematurely after 15 patients in total were allocated to receive Infliximab (n=7) or placebo (n=8). At week 26, leg pain intensity had decreased by 73% in the Infliximab group compared to 65% in the control group (p=0.52). For all measured variables at 6 months, Infliximab treatment was associated with greater improvements compared to placebo, especially at early time points. Two patients in the Infliximab group and three in the placebo group had a discectomy or caudal injection (p=1.00). Conclusions: Our results warrant continuation of research on TNF￻ antagonists in sciatica induced by disc herniations at L3/4 or L4/5.
Leisure time physical activity and subsequent physical and mental health functioning among midlife Finnish, British and Japanese employees: a follow-up study in three occupational cohorts

Objectives The aim of this study was to examine whether leisure time physical activity contributes to subsequent physical and mental health functioning among midlife employees. The associations were tested in three occupational cohorts from Finland, Britain and Japan. Design Cohort study. Setting Finland, Britain and Japan. Participants Prospective employee cohorts from the Finnish Helsinki Health Study (2000–2002 and 2007, n=5958), British Whitehall II study (1997–1999 and 2003–2004, n=4142) and Japanese Civil Servants Study (1998–1999 and 2003, n=1768) were used. Leisure time physical activity was classified into three groups: inactive, moderately active and vigorously active. Primary outcome measure Mean scores of physical and mental health functioning (SF-36) at follow-up were examined. Results Physical activity was associated with better subsequent physical health functioning in all three cohorts, however, with varying magnitude and some gender differences. Differences were the clearest among Finnish women (inactive: 46.0, vigorously active: 49.5) and men (inactive: 47.8, active vigorous: 51.1) and British women (inactive: 47.3, active vigorous: 50.4). In mental health functioning, the differences were generally smaller and not that clearly related to the intensity of physical activity. Emerging differences in health functioning were relatively small. Conclusions Vigorous physical activity was associated with better subsequent physical health functioning in all three cohorts with varying magnitude. For mental health functioning, the intensity of physical activity was less important. Promoting leisure time physical activity may prove useful for the maintenance of health functioning among midlife employees.
Myoelectric manifestations of muscle changes in stroke patients.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the development of myoelectric fatigue in paretic and healthy tibialis anterior muscles of stroke patients. DESIGN Case series. SETTING Occupational therapy and clinical neurophysiology unit. PARTICIPANTS Eight patients with hemiparesis or hemiplegia 9 months to 10 years poststroke. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Current pulses of 0.1-ms width and 40-Hz repetition rate were applied for 10 seconds with a monopolar technique; myoelectric signals (M waves) were detected with surface electrodes. RESULTS Mean values and initial values of the median frequency (MDF) between paretic and healthy side were statistically different, with the values on the healthy side much higher than the paretic side. Changes of MDF showed a decreasing pattern for both the paretic and the healthy sides, with the downslope of the curve of the healthy side more evident. CONCLUSIONS In paretic muscles of stroke patients, the tendency toward atrophy of type II fibers appears to be frequent. Our study suggests this muscle rearrangement uses techniques much less invasive than muscle biopsy, and gives useful information about muscle function. This kind of information can help identify rehabilitation strategies, particularly for chronic stroke survivors.
Networking rCBF Gender Differences in Major Depression

Background: There is large evidence that major depressive disorder (MDD) has prevalence rates almost twice as high in females as in men. However, few studies have investigated in MDD the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) differences between genders. The aim of the study was to identify the influence of gender on the rCBF distribution in a group of depressed patients. This was performed by means of Volume of Interest (VOI) analysis and Principal Component Analysis (PCA), this latter exploring functional brain connectivity and transforming a number of correlated variables by clustering them into functionally uncorrelated factors Methods: A group of 76 major depressed patients (36 males and 40 females) were investigated by 99m Tc-HMPAO and SPECT. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) and PCA were performed on 54 VOIs. Neuropsychiatric tests (MADRS, SCID, CFQ, KSP) were also carried out to assess disease severity without finding any gender differences. Results: VOIs analysis identified in females as compared to males a significantly higher rCBF distribution (F(1,73)=10.875; p=0.002). A significant VOI*Gender interaction was also found (F(26,1898)=2.180; p=0.001) revealing that 10 regions belonging to the frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital cortex were particularly involved in gender differences. An overall effect of gender was also found for PCA (F(1,73)=8.814; p=0.004). The significant PCs*Gender interaction (F(12,876)=3.258; p<0.000) revealed lower rCBF distribution in males as compared to females in 6 PCs. Such PCs, grouped brain regions belonging to parietal-limbic cortex (PC3; p=0.033), parieto-temporo-occipital cortex (PCs 8 and 9; p=0.001), fronto-parietal cortex (PC10;
Isospin breaking effects in the X(3872) resonance

We would like to thank discussions and encouragement from E. Swanson, E. Braaten, Y. Dong and E. Lyubovitskij. This work is partly supported by DGICYT contract number FIS2006-03438. We acknowledge the support of the European Community-Research Infrastructure Integrating Activity ”Study of Strongly Interacting Matter”(acronym HadronPhysics2, Grant Agreement n. 227431)under the Seventh Framework Programme of EU. Work supported in part by DFG (SFB/TR 16, ”Subnuclear Structure of Matter”).
Gyrogroups and the decomposition of groups into twisted subgroups and subgroups

Gyrogroups are generalized groups modelled on the Einstein groupoid of all relativistically admissible velocities with their Einstein’s velocity addition as a binary operation. Einstein’s gyrogroup fails to form a group since it is nonassociative. The breakdown of associativity in the Einstein addition does not result in loss of mathematical regularity owing to the presence of the relativistic effect known as the Thomas precession which, by abstraction, becomes an automorphism called the Thomas gyration. The Thomas gyration turns out to be the missing link that gives rise to analogies shared by gyrogroups and groups. In particular, it gives rise to the gyroassociative and the gyrocommuttive laws that Einstein’s addition possesses, in full analogy with the associative and the commutative laws that vector addition possesses in a vector space. The existence of striking analogies shared by gyrogroups and groups implies the existence of a general theory which underlies the theories of groups and gyrogroups and unifies them with respect to their central features. Accordingly, our goal is to construct finite and infinite gyrogroups, both gyrocommutative and non-gyrocommutaive, in order to demonstrate that gyrogroups abound in group theory of which they form an integral part. A gyrogroup is a grouplike structure that is defined in [7] along with a weaker structure called a left gyrogroup. We show that any given group can be turned into a left gyrogroup which is, in turn, a gyrogroup if and only if the given group is central by a 2-Engel group. The importance of left gyrogroups stems from the facts that (i) any gyrotransversal groupoid is a left gyrogroup, and (ii) any left gyrogroup is a twisted subgroup in a specified group. Twisted subgroups are subsets of groups, introduced by Aschbacher [1], which under general conditions are near subgroups. The concept of near subgroup of a finite group was introduced by Feder and Vardi [6 ]a s at ool to study problems in computational complexity involving the class NP .
Construct validation of a trait self-regulation model

A confirmatory factor model of trait self-regulation was tested in a sample of 246 eleventh-graders in Korea. The good model fit and the pattern of factor correlations indicated that the third-order factor, trait self-regulation, was composed of two second-order factors, trait metacognition and trait motivation; trait metacognition was composed of planning and self-checking, and trait motivation was composed of effort and self-efficacy. Trait metacognition and trait motivation were highly related, but were two distinguishable trait constructs. Importance of understanding both state and trait attributes of student characteristics in determining individual differences in learning and performance was discussed. It was suggested that teachers examine students' trait self-regulatory behaviours via measuring their trait planning and self-checking behavioural tendencies and their effort and self-efficacy levels prior to providing self-regulatory skill training. Un modele factoriel confirmatoire du trait d'autore.
IFN‐λ3 polymorphism indirectly influences NK cell phenotype and function during acute HCV infection

Polymorphisms in the type III interferon IFN‐λ3 and the killer cell immunoglobulin‐like receptor (KIR) genes controlling the activity of natural killer (NK) cells can predict spontaneous resolution of acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We hypothesized that IFN‐λ3 polymorphism may modulate NK cell function during acute HCV.