Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Targeted program transformations for symbolic execution

Semantics-preserving program transformations, such as refactorings and optimisations, can have a significant impact on the effectiveness of symbolic execution testing and analysis. Furthermore, semantics-preserving transformations that increase the performance of native execution can in fact decrease the scalability of symbolic execution. Similarly, semantics-altering transformations, such as type changes and object size modifications, can often lead to substantial improvements in the testing effectiveness achieved by symbolic execution in the original program. As a result, we argue that one should treat program transformations as first-class ingredients of scalable symbolic execution, alongside widely-accepted aspects such as search heuristics and constraint solving optimisations. First, we propose to understand the impact of existing program transformations on symbolic execution, to increase scalability and improve experimental design and reproducibility. Second, we argue for the design of testability transformations specifically targeted toward more scalable symbolic execution.
Preference Construction and Persistence in Digital Marketplaces: The Role of Electronic Recommendation Agents

This paper examines the role of electronic recommendation agents in connection with consumers' construction of preference for multi-attribute products. Based on the notion that preferences tend to be constructive, in the sense that they may be affected by characteristics of the task and information environment in which a purchase decision is made, we propose that such digital agents have the potential to influence consumers' preferences in a systematic fashion. The results of an experiment involving an agent-assisted shopping task provide support for this proposition. We also find that this type of preference-construction effect persists beyond the initial shopping experience. Finally, we propose three possible explanations of the inclusion effect and discuss each of these in light of our results.
Optimal Investment Policies for a Firm With a Random Risk Process: Exponential Utility and Minimizing the Probability of Ruin

We consider a firm that is faced with an uncontrollable stochastic cash flow, or random risk process. There is one investment opportunity, a risky stock, and we study the optimal investment decision for such firms. There is a fundamental incompleteness in the market, in that the risk to the investor of going bankrupt cannot be eliminated under any investment strategy, since the random risk process ensures that there is always a positive probability of ruin bankruptcy. We therefore focus on obtaining investment strategies which are optimal in the sense of minimizing the risk of ruin. In particular, we solve for the strategy that maximizes the probability of achieving a given upper wealth level before hitting a given lower level. This policy also minimizes the probability of ruin. We prove that when there is no risk-free interest rate, this policy is equivalent to the policy that maximizes utility from terminal wealth, for a fixed terminal time, when the firm has an exponential utility function. This validates a longstanding conjecture about the relation between minimizing probability of ruin and exponential utility. When there is a positive risk-free interest rate, the conjecture is shown to be false. We also solve for the optimal policy for the related objective of minimizing the expected discounted penalty paid upon ruin.
The As-Is Journal Review Process: Let Authors Own Their Ideas

Recently, the problems associated with the existing journal review process aroused discussions from seasoned management researchers, who have also made useful suggestions for improving the process. To complement these suggestions, we propose a more radical change: a manuscript should be reviewed on an as is basis and its fate be determined in one round of review. The as-is review process shortens the time period from submission to final acceptance, reduces the workload of editors, referees and authors, provides frank author feedback to referees, and, most important, lets authors own all of the ideas in their publications.
Oral health related to quality of life in patients with stomatological diseases.

AIM To describe the oral health-related quality of life (OHR-QoL) in patients with stomatological diseases. METHODS All new patients seen in the Stomatology Clinic, from August 2008 to July 2009 were selected. OHR-QoL was measured using OHIP-14, in face-to-face interviews. The stomatological diseases were classified into groups according to their origin. OHIP-14 data were used to calculate two variables: prevalence and severity. RESULTS The questionnaire was completed by 113 subjects, with a mean of 53.77 years; 63.7% women; 38% of the subjects reported one or more OHR-QoL impacts "fairly often" or "very often" in the last 6 months. The overall result of OHIP-14 index showed a mean of 14.35 (+/-12.01). There was no statistical significance between the stomatological disease groups and the prevalence scores (p=0.25) and mean severity scores (p=0.57). CONCLUSIONS It seems that bad oral conditions affected quality of life of these patients, especially physical pain and psychological discomfort.
Neocortical-hippocampal dynamics of working memory in healthy and diseased brain states based on functional connectivity

Working memory (WM) is the ability to transiently maintain and manipulate internal representations beyond its external availability to the senses. This process is thought to support high level cognitive abilities and been shown to be strongly predictive of individual intelligence and reasoning abilities. While early models of WM have relied on a modular perspective of brain functioning, more recent evidence suggests that cognitive functions emerge from the interactions of multiple brain regions to generate large-scale networks. Here we will review the current research on functional connectivity of WM processes to highlight the critical role played by neural interactions in healthy and pathological brain states. Recent findings demonstrate that WM abilities are not determined solely by local brain activity, but also rely on the functional coupling of neocortical-hippocampal regions to support WM processes. Although the hippocampus has long been held to be important for long-term declarative memory, recent evidence suggests that the hippocampus may also be necessary to coordinate disparate cortical regions supporting the periodic reactivation of internal representations in WM. Furthermore, recent brain imaging studies using connectivity measures, have shown that changes in cortico-limbic interactions can be useful to characterize WM impairments observed in different neuropathological conditions. Recent advances in electrophysiological and neuroimaging techniques to model network activity has led to important insights into how neocortical and hippocampal regions support WM processes and how disruptions along this network can lead to the memory impairments commonly reported in many neuropathological populations.
Molecular Architecture of Quartet MOZ/MORF Histone Acetyltransferase Complexes

ABSTRACT The monocytic leukemia zinc finger protein MOZ and the related factor MORF form tetrameric complexes with ING5 (inhibitor of growth 5), EAF6 (Esa1-associated factor 6 ortholog), and the bromodomain-PHD finger protein BRPF1, -2, or -3. To gain new insights into the structure, function, and regulation of these complexes, we reconstituted them and performed various molecular analyses. We found that BRPF proteins bridge the association of MOZ and MORF with ING5 and EAF6. An N-terminal region of BRPF1 interacts with the acetyltransferases; the enhancer of polycomb (EPc) homology domain in the middle part binds to ING5 and EAF6. The association of BRPF1 with EAF6 is weak, but ING5 increases the affinity. These three proteins form a trimeric core that is conserved from Drosophila melanogaster to humans, although authentic orthologs of MOZ and MORF are absent in invertebrates. Deletion mapping studies revealed that the acetyltransferase domain of MOZ/MORF is sufficient for BRPF1 interaction. At the functional level, complex formation with BRPF1 and ING5 drastically stimulates the activity of the acetyltransferase domain in acetylation of nucleosomal histone H3 and free histones H3 and H4. An unstructured 18-residue region at the C-terminal end of the catalytic domain is required for BRPF1 interaction and may function as an “activation lid. ” Furthermore, BRPF1 enhances the transcriptional potential of MOZ and a leukemic MOZ-TIF2 fusion protein. These findings thus indicate that BRPF proteins play a key role in assembling and activating MOZ/MORF acetyltransferase complexes.
A crucial role for DOK1 in PDGF-BB-stimulated glioma cell invasion through p130Cas and Rap1 signalling

ABSTRACT DOK1 regulates platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-BB-stimulated glioma cell motility. Mechanisms regulating tumour cell motility are essential for invasion and metastasis. We report here that PDGF-BB-mediated glioma cell invasion and migration are dependent on the adaptor protein downstream of kinase 1 (DOK1). DOK1 is expressed in several glioma cell lines and in tumour biopsies from high-grade gliomas. DOK1 becomes tyrosine phosphorylated upon PDGF-BB stimulation of human glioma cells. Knockdown of DOK1 or expression of a DOK1 mutant (DOK1FF) containing Phe in place of Tyr at residues 362 and 398, resulted in inhibition of both the PDGF-BB-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of p130Cas (also known as BCAR1) and the activation of Rap1 (also known as TERF2IP). DOK1 colocalises with tyrosine phosphorylated p130Cas at the cell membrane of PDGF-BB-treated cells. Expression of a non-tyrosine-phosphorylatable substrate domain mutant of p130Cas (p130Cas15F) inhibited PDGF-BB-mediated Rap1 activation. Knockdown of DOK1 and Rap1 inhibited PDGF-BB-induced chemotactic cell migration, and knockdown of DOK1 and Rap1 and expression of DOK1FF inhibited PDGF-mediated three-dimensional (3D) spheroid invasion. These data show a crucial role for DOK1 in the regulation of PDGF-BB-mediated tumour cell motility through a p130Cas–Rap1 signalling pathway.
A Novel Dual-Rotor Turbine for Increased Wind Energy Capture

Horizontal axis wind turbines suffer from aerodynamic inefficiencies in the blade root region (near the hub) due to several non-aerodynamic constraints. Aerodynamic interactions between turbines in a wind farm also lead to significant loss of wind farm efficiency. A new dual-rotor wind turbine (DRWT) concept is proposed that aims at mitigating these two losses. A DRWT is designed that uses an existing turbine rotor for the main rotor, while the secondary rotor is designed using a high lift-to-drag ratio airfoil. Reynolds Averaged Navier- Stokes computational fluid dynamics simulations are used to optimize the design. Large eddy simulations confirm the increase energy capture potential of the DRWT. Wake comparisons however do not show enhanced entrainment of axial momentum.
Requirement for RecFOR‐mediated recombination in priA mutant

Restart of arrested replication forks is an important process and PriA, the main Escherichia coli replication restart protein, is essential for viability under any condition that increases the frequency of fork arrest. In priA mutant, replication forks are arrested by spontaneously occurring roadblocks and blocked replication forks persist as a result of the defect in replication restart. In the present work, we analysed how recombination proteins contribute to the viability of the priA mutant. RecFOR‐mediated homologous recombination occurs in a large fraction of priA mutant cells, indicating a frequent formation of DNA single strand gaps and their recombinational repair. This high level of homologous recombination renders the proteins that resolve Holliday junctions recombination intermediates essential for viability. When homologous recombination is blocked at early steps by recFOR or recA inactivation, exonuclease V‐mediated DNA degradation is required for full viability of priA mutants, indicating that unrepaired gaps are broken and that DNA degradation of the broken DNA allows the formation of viable cells. Models for the formation of single strand DNA gaps consequently to a replication restart defect and for gap processing are proposed.
The Kudo elbow prosthesis in rheumatoid arthritis

The Kudo prosthesis is the most commonly used elbow implant in Sweden. However, there are few reports of the results, besides those reported by Kudo himself. I have implanted 30 Kudo type 4 or 5 elbow prostheses in 28 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. 3 arthroplastics were revised, 2 because of loosening and 1 because of a periprosthetic ulnar fracture. 6 major peroperative or early postoperative complications occurred, but only 1 of these was a failure. 2 patients developed postoperative ulnar neuropathy, one was transient and the other patient died 1 year after surgery. 26 elbows were available for follow-up at an average 5 (2-8) years after implantation. All 26 functioned well although radiographic loosening of the humeral component was found in 1 patient. The average range of flexion increased by 14 degrees while the extension lag was unchanged (35 degrees). Activities of daily living had improved markedly and all but 3 patients were satisfied with their elbow. Radiolucent lines were seen around the proximal part of the ulnar component in 18/26 elbows. Although progressive in 1 patient only, this is a matter of concern, indicating that this component may be the weak part of the Kudo prosthesis.
Clearspeech: A Display Reader for the Visually Handicapped

Many domestic appliances and much office equipment is controlled using a keypad and a small digital display. Programming such devices is problematical for the blind and visually handicapped. In this paper, we describe a device that may be used to read the displays on these devices. The device is designed to accept a description of the display being read, which specifies the types and locations of elements of the display. Images are captured using a handheld webcam. Images are processed to remove the distortions due to the camera orientation. The elements of the screen are interpreted and a suitable audio output is generated. In suitably illuminated scenes, the display data is interpreted correctly in approximately 90% of the cases investigated
EXPERIMENTS ON THE EFFECT OF FREEBOARD ON THE STABILITY OF A BREAKWATER CROWN WALL

A crown wall is a gravity based structure on top of a rubble mound breakwater which gains stability due to its own weight and friction between the base and contact surface of the rubble mound. An experimental research is carried out in which the global stability of a crown wall is investigated depending on, amongst other things, freeboard. Until now, these structures tend to be designed in a too conservative way, when the vertical distance between base slab and water level (base freeboard) increases. It was concluded that current design methods overpredict vertical loads for increasing freeboard. By implementing a reduction factor for the upward pressure acting on the base slab of the crown wall, a better prediction can be made for the transition region between stability and failure.
The Fundamental Plane for early-type galaxies: dependence on the magnitude range

Studying three samples of early-type galaxies, which include approximately 8800 galaxies and cover a relatively ample magnitude range (〈ΔM〉∼ 5.5 mag), we find that the coefficients as well as the intrinsic dispersion of the Fundamental Plane depend on the width and brightness of the magnitude range within which the galaxies are distributed. We analyse this dependence, and the results show that it is due to the fact that the distribution of galaxies in the space defined by the variables depends on the luminosity.
Peeking into the invitation-based adoption process of OSN-based applications

Online social network (OSN) based applications often rely on user interactions to propagate information or to recruit more users, producing a sequence of user actions called adoption process or cascades. This paper presents the first attempt to quantitatively study the adoption process or cascade of such OSN-based applications by analyzing detailed user activity data from a popular Facebook gifting application. In particular, due to the challenge of monitoring user interactions over all possible channels on OSN platforms, we focus on characterizing the adoption process that relies only on user-based invitation (which is applicable to most gifting applications). We characterize the adoptions by tracking the invitations sent by the existing users to their friends through the Facebook gifting application and the events when their friends install the application for the first time. We found that a small number of big cascades carry the adoption of most of the application users. Contrary to common beliefs, we did not observe special influential nodes that are responsible for the viral adoption of the application.
Diving Response in Rats: Role of the Subthalamic Vasodilator Area

Diving response (DR) is a powerful integrative response targeted toward survival of the hypoxic/anoxic conditions. Being present in all animals and humans, it allows to survive adverse conditions like diving. Earlier, we discovered that forehead stimulation affords neuroprotective effect, decreasing infarction volume triggered by permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery in rats. We hypothesized that cold stimulation of the forehead induces DR in rats, which, in turn, exerts neuroprotection. We compared autonomic [AP, heart rate (HR), cerebral blood flow (CBF)] and EEG responses to the known DR-triggering stimulus, ammonia stimulation of the nasal mucosa, cold stimulation of the forehead, and cold stimulation of the glabrous skin of the tail base in anesthetized rats. Responses in AP, HR, CBF, and EEG to cold stimulation of the forehead and ammonia vapors instillation into the nasal cavity were comparable and differed significantly from responses to the cold stimulation of the tail base. Excitotoxic lesion of the subthalamic vasodilator area (SVA), which is known to participate in CBF regulation and to afford neuroprotection upon excitation, failed to affect autonomic components of the DR evoked by forehead cold stimulation or nasal mucosa ammonia stimulation. We conclude that cold stimulation of the forehead triggers physiological response comparable to the response evoked by ammonia vapor instillation into nasal cavity, which is considered as stimulus triggering protective DR. These observations may explain the neuroprotective effect of the forehead stimulation. Data demonstrate that SVA does not directly participate in the autonomic adjustments accompanying DR; however, it is involved in diving-evoked modulation of EEG. We suggest that forehead stimulation can be employed as a stimulus capable of triggering oxygen-conserving DR and can be used for neuroprotective therapy.
Automatic generation of common-centroid capacitor arrays with arbitrary capacitor ratio

The key performance of many analog circuits is directly related to accurate capacitor ratios. It is well known that capacitor ratio precision is greatly enhanced by paralleling identical size unit capacitors in a common-centroid geometry. In this paper, a general algorithm for fitting arbitrary capacitor ratios in a common-centroid unit-capacitor array is presented. The algorithm gives special care to both non-integer and identical ratios in order to minimize mismatch. A method for capacitance mismatch estimation based up-on an oxide gradient model is also introduced. It enables the comparison of different unit-capacitor array assignments. Layout issues are discussed with emphasis on a generic routing model. Both the algorithm and the mismatch estimation method are implemented in an automatic capacitor array generation tool.
Weak Error for stable driven SDEs: expansion of the densities

Consider a multidimensional SDE of the form $X_t = x+\int_{0}^{t} b(X_{s-})ds+\int{0}^{t} f(X_{s-})dZ_s$ where $(Z_s)_{s\ge 0}$ is a symmetric stable process. Under suitable assumptions on the coefficients the unique strong solution of the above equation admits a density w.r. t. the Lebesgue measure and so does its Euler scheme. Using a parametrix approach, we derive an error expansion at order 1 w.r. t. the time step for the difference of these densities.
Eciency Limitations for -Protocols for Group Homomorphisms ? (Full Version)

Ecient zero-knowledge proofs of knowledge for group ho- momorphisms are essential for numerous systems in applied cryptogra- phy. Especially, -protocols for proving knowledge of discrete logarithms in known and hidden order groups are of prime importance. Yet, while these proofs can be performed very eciently within groups of known order, for hidden order groups the respective proofs are far less ecient. This paper shows strong evidence that this eciency gap cannot be bridged. Namely, whilst there are ecient protocols allowing a prover to cheat only with negligibly small probability in the case of known or- der groups, we provide strong evidence that for hidden order groups this probability is bounded below by 1=2 for all ecient -protocols not using common reference strings or the like. We prove our results for a comprehensive class of -protocols in the generic group model, and further strengthen them by investigating cer- tain instantiations in the plain model.
Deterministic wavelet thresholding for maximum-error metrics

Several studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of the wavelet, decomposition as a tool for reducing large amounts of data down to compact, wavelet synopses that can be used to obtain fast, accurate approximate answers to user queries. While conventional wavelet synopses are based on greedily minimizing the overall root-mean-squared (i.e., L2-norm) error in the data approximation, recent work has demonstrated that such synopses can suffer from important problems, including severe bias and wide variance in the quality of the data reconstruction, and lack of non-trivial guarantees for individual approximate answers. As a result, probabilistic thresholding schemes have been recently proposed as a means of building wavelet synopses that try to probabilistically control other approximation-error metrics, such as the maximum relative error in data-value reconstruction, which is arguably the most important for approximate query answers and meaningful error guarantees.One of the main open problems posed by this earlier work is whether it is possible to design efficient deterministic wavelet-thresholding algorithms for minimizing non-L2 error metrics that are relevant to approximate query processing systems, such as maximum relative or maximum absolute error. Obviously, such algorithms can guarantee better wavelet synopses and avoid the pitfalls of probabilistic techniques (e.g., "bad" coin-flip sequences) leading to poor solutions. In this paper, we address this problem and propose novel, computationally efficient schemes for deterministic wavelet thresholding with the objective of optimizing maximum-error metrics. We introduce an optimal low polynomial-time algorithm for one-dimensional wavelet thresholding--our algorithm is based on a new Dynamic-Programming (DP) formulation, and can be employed to minimize the maximum relative or absolute error in the data reconstruction. Unfortunately, directly extending our one-dimensional DP algorithm to multi-dimensional wavelets results in a super-exponential increase in time complexity with the data dimensionality. Thus, we also introduce novel, polynomial-time approximation schemes (with tunable approximation guarantees for the target maximum-error metric) for deterministic wavelet thresholding in multiple dimensions.