Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Assessment of Short Dental Implants Restored With Single-Unit Nonsplinted Restorations

Objectives:To investigate the survival rate of short (⩽9 mm) implants restored with single-unit, nonsplinted crowns after an average follow-up of 37 months (21–94 months). Materials and Methods:Two hundred and twenty-one implants placed in 168 patients (74 men, 94 women, aged 34–87 years, mean = 61 years). Implant lengths were 6 (n = 16), 8 (n = 166), 8.5 (n = 2), or 9 mm (n = 34). The implant diameters ranged from 3.7 to 5.6 mm. Implants were placed in the maxillary (n = 44) and mandibular arches (n = 176). Results:Survival rate was 94.1% (maxilla [88.6%] and mandible [96.0%]) and 12 early failures (first 4 months) and 1 late failure (4.5 years in the maxillary molar region) observed. Of the 12 early failures, 4 were in the maxilla (2 premolars and 2 molars) and 8 in the mandible (2 premolars and 6 molars). The early failures were 11 implants of 8 mm long and a 9-mm implant. Smoking cigarettes, diabetes mellitus, and bone augmentation procedures were not associated with implant failure significantly (P > 0.05). Conclusions:Survival rate of short implants restored with single-unit, nonsplinted restorations over an average period of 37 months was favorable and comparable with longer implants.
REST and CoREST Modulate Neuronal Subtype Specification, Maturation and Maintenance

Background The repressor element-1 silencing transcription factor/neuron-restrictive silencer factor (REST/NRSF) is a master regulator of neuronal gene expression. REST functions as a modular scaffold for dynamic recruitment of epigenetic regulatory factors including its primary cofactor, the corepressor for element-1-silencing transcription factor (CoREST), to genomic loci that contain the repressor element-1 (RE1) binding motif. While REST was initially believed to silence RE1 containing neuronal genes in neural stem cells (NSCs) and non-neuronal cells, emerging evidence shows an increasingly complex cell type- and developmental stage-specific repertoire of REST target genes and functions that include regulation of neuronal lineage maturation and plasticity. Methodology/Principal Findings In this study, we utilized chromatin immunoprecipitation on chip (ChIP-chip) analysis to examine REST and CoREST functions during NSC-mediated specification of cholinergic neurons (CHOLNs), GABAergic neurons (GABANs), glutamatergic neurons (GLUTNs), and medium spiny projection neurons (MSNs). We identified largely distinct but overlapping profiles of REST and CoREST target genes during neuronal subtype specification including a disproportionately high percentage that are exclusive to each neuronal subtype. Conclusions/Significance Our findings demonstrate that the differential deployment of REST and CoREST is an important regulatory mechanism that mediates neuronal subtype specification by modulating specific gene networks responsible for inducing and maintaining neuronal subtype identity. Our observations also implicate a broad array of factors in the generation of neuronal diversity including but not limited to those that mediate homeostasis, cell cycle dynamics, cell viability, stress responses and epigenetic regulation.
Haemodynamics and Oxygen Consumption in the Dog During High Epidural Block with Special Reference to the Splanchnic Region

High epidural block (Th I‐IV) with bupivacaine was carried out in 16 dogs. Mean arterial blood pressure decreased to 52% of control value owing to nearly equal decreases in systemic vascular resistance and cardiac output. Portal venous blood flow decreased from 25.8 ± 8.6 to 16.7 ±7.2 ml/kg b.w. × min‐1 following epidural block, while hepatic arterial blood flow remained unchanged at 9.1 ± 3.1 ml/kg b.w. × min‐1 owing to a reduction in hepatic arterial resistance of 51 %. Hepatic oxygen uptake was maintained during the epidural block through increased oxygen extraction. However, total oxygen uptake decreased by 18 % and, in spite of this, arteriovenous oxygen content difference increased by 25%, indicating circulatory depression.
A Test of Gottfredson and Hirschi’S General Theory of Crime in African American Adolescents

Considerable empirical support exists for The General Theory of Crime. However, little work has been completed on members of minority populations in the United States. The current investigation examined whether low self-control predicted deviance in a sample of African American adolescents (n = 661; 55.1 percent female; mean age = 15.7 years). Confirmatory Factor Analyses provided evidence that the low self-control measure was a valid and reliable multidimensional scale in this sample, for both males and females. In addition, low self-control explained between 8.4 percent and 13.0 percent of the variance in male deviance measures and between 4.0 percent and 8.4 percent in female deviance. Follow-up z-tests by sex indicated fewdifferences in the relationships between low self-control and deviance. In addition, comparative analyses by race between African American and Caucasian adolescent males provided evidence of similarity in the importance of self-control. Findings support the cross-cultural validity of the General Theory of Crime, particularly for male adolescents and to a lesser extent for female youth.
Acetabuloplasty at the Anatomic Centre for Treating Crowe Class III and IV Developmental HIP Dysplasia: A Case Series

Introduction Total hip replacement in patients with developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a difficult technical procedure for surgeons to perform because of the potential for these patients to have severe anomalies in their bones and soft tissues. Materials and methods We performed acetabuloplasty in 54 hips from 44 patients by reaming the posterior wall of the native acetabulum and medialising the acetabular component to restore the anatomic centre of hip rotation using a small cup without bone grafting. Median time to post-surgery follow-up was 5 (range 2-14) years. Results Prosthetic survival rates in patients after 2 and 5 years post hip replacement were 93% (50/54) and 89% (48/54), respectively. 4 patients required early revision because of malposition and instability of the acetabular cup. 3 patients with Crowe type IV dislocations had transient sciatic nerve palsy and 3 had deep vein thrombosis. Conclusions Placement of the acetabular shell using posterior bone stock to provide normal hip rotation is a successful alternative technique for acetabuloplasty in patients with DDH.
Effectiveness of a medication discharge plan for transitions of care from hospital to outpatient settings.

PURPOSE The effect of a medication discharge plan (MDP) on the rate of medication discrepancies between hospital and outpatient settings was evaluated. METHODS In a pragmatic, open, randomized, controlled trial, MDPs were completed for all patients before discharge from the hospital. Patients were then assigned to either an MDP group, for whom MDPs were sent to community pharmacies and treating physicians, or a usual care group, for whom an MDP was not sent. Discrepancies between MDPs and community pharmacy dispensing records and medication use reported by patients during a telephone interview were documented. The percentage of patients with discrepancies and the mean percentage of medications with discrepancies were compared between the two groups. The clinical severity of discrepancies was blindly evaluated. RESULTS A total of 83 patients agreed to participate in the study. The percentage of patients with at least one discrepancy was high and similar in both groups when MDPs were compared with pharmacy dispensing records and patient self-reports. Comparison of MDPs to pharmacy dispensing records revealed discrepancies for 13-15% of medications; more than a third were clinically significant. Comparison of MDPs to patient self-reports revealed discrepancies for 10-12% of medications; 48% were clinically significant. No significant differences were observed between the two groups. CONCLUSION The rate of medication discrepancies was not decreased in patients whose MDP was provided to their community pharmacy and physician at the time of hospital discharge compared with the rate in patients who received usual care.
The Quality of Time in Nature: How Fascination Explains and Enhances the Relationship Between Nature Experiences and Daily Affect

Abstract Research shows that the quantity of time in nature is associated with improved emotional well-being: The more time people spend in nature, the more positive they feel. However, less is known about the quality of experience in nature and how it may influence the nature–well-being relationship. In this study, we examined the role of fascination as an important quality of one's experience in nature. According to Attention Restoration Theory, heightened fascination within natural environments may help restore attentional capabilities and account for the beneficial effects of nature on well-being. In this 13-day daily diary study of 319 young adults, multilevel analyses were used to investigate whether perceived fascination in nature accounted for and potentially enhanced the day-to-day relationship between time spent in nature each day and daily positive/negative affect. As hypothesized, fascination accounted for some of the relationship between nature and higher positive affect. Fascination also enh.
Metabolic Syndrome: Is It a Syndrome? Does It Matter?

To provide useful answers to the title questions, the first issue to resolve is what is meant by the term “metabolic syndrome. ” If it is supposed to refer to a loose clustering of signs that are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus, which can largely be ascribed to what we conceptually call “insulin resistance,” then the term may have some utility. However, if the term represents a very specific algorithm that should be used to diagnose a unique disease, it is highly misleading and ineffective. Unfortunately, many proponents of the term write about and discuss it as if both meanings are interchangeable, and as a result, they effectively blur all the problems that have arisen when referring to the term, confuse practitioners who are unable to easily understand the distinction, and do clinical medicine a great disservice. Let’s look closely at the issues. Response by Beaser and Levy p 1811 For several decades, we have had many terms that represented a clustering of signs related to CVD and diabetes mellitus that seemed to occur more often than chance would dictate. Certainly, an aggregate of signs associated with a morbid process that together constitute the picture of a disease may be rightly called a syndrome. In the early days, many investigators put a name to the condition that reflected its “metabolic”1–3 or “insulin resistance”4 origin. At that time, the cluster referred to the presence of obesity, hyperglycemia, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and sometimes hyperuricemia. Reaven, in his now classic publication,5 provided an elegant explanation for how insulin resistance and its compensatory hyperinsulinemia could predispose individuals to the above conditions and thus was the underlying cause of much CVD and, of course, diabetes mellitus. Among its many attributes, Reaven’s publication opened the door to considerably more research …
Deconvolution of Microarray Data Predicts Transcriptionally Regulated Protein Kinases of Plasmodium falciparum

We have developed a computational approach which predicts the protein kinases that may regulate the transition between the blood developmental stages of Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum). To improve the accuracy of our prediction, synchronized gene expression levels are reconstructed from the observed micro array data generated by the ensembles of non-synchronized cells. Peaks in annotated protein kinase transcript levels are hypothesized to directly correlate with the period when the encoded protein kinases function temporally. Therefore, protein kinases, which putatively regulate a given developmental stage transition, are identified by their peak in synchronized gene expression levels. By analyzing publicly available micro array data set, a few protein kinases are considered to be strongly associated with developmental stage transition. Two of these (PF13 0211, PFB0815w) have recently been implicated in the schizont to ring transition [1], [2]. Another one of these identified (MAL7P1.144) has been found to influence erythrocyte membrane in both trophozoite and schizont [3]. Overall, these results suggest that further functional analysis of the other protein kinases we have predicted may reveal new insights into P. falciparum blood stage development.
Is Marital Status a Critical Contingency in the Relationship Between Physical Limitations and Subjective Well-Being Among Japanese Adults?

Research demonstrates that physical limitations are related to lower levels of subjective well-being, but little research has examined whether marital status modifies this relationship, despite evidence showing that marital status is a substantial determinant of subjective well-being. Marital status is likely to be an especially important contingency in collectivistic cultures such as Japan, because cultural emphases heighten the importance of the marital partner as a resource when married individuals experience physical limitations. The current research uses a probability sample of Japanese adults to show that physical limitations are negatively related to both life satisfaction and happiness only among the nonmarried. Marriage obviates the association between limitations and subjective well-being by preventing losses in a sense of control. Furthermore, the married are protected regardless of the level of spousal support or strain, suggesting that the social integration function of marriage is pivotal in the creation of these protective effects.
Herpetic esophagitis in patients with cancer: Ante mortem diagnosis by brush cytology

Ante mortem diagnosis of herpetic esophagitis has been made in four immuno‐suppressed patients with cancer. The diagnosis was made by brush cytology at the time of esophagoscopy. All four patients had severe dysphagia unresponsive to nystatin therapy and the diagnosis of herpes infection excluded the use of Amphotericin B for resistant moniliasis. The diagnosis of herpes virus infection of the esophagus has been previously made almost exclusively at post mortem examination. Herpetic esophagitis is shown to be not necessarily a preterminal complication in cancer patients. In three of the four patients the esophagitis resolved as the patients responded to anti‐tumor therapy.
Kelch Repeat Protein Interacts with the Yeast Gα Subunit Gpa2p at a Site That Couples Receptor Binding to Guanine Nucleotide Exchange*

The kelch repeat-containing proteins Krh1p and Krh2p are negative regulators of the Gpa2p signaling pathway that directly interact with the G protein α-subunit Gpa2p in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A screen was carried out to identify Gpa2p variants that are defective in their ability to bind Krh1p but retain the ability to bind another Gpa2p-interacting protein, Ime2p. This screen identified amino acids Gln-419 and Asn-425 as being important for the interaction between Gpa2p and Krh1p. Gpa2p variants with changes at these positions are defective for Krh1p binding in vivo. Cells containing these forms of Gpa2p display decreased heat shock resistance and increased expression of a gene required for pseudohyphal growth. These findings indicate that the substitutions at positions 419 and 425 confer a degree of constitutive activity to the Gpa2p α-subunit. Residues Gln-419 and Asn-425 are located in the β6-α5 loop and α5 helix of Gpa2p, which is the region that couples receptor binding to guanine nucleotide exchange. The results suggest that binding of Gpa2p to Krh1p does not resemble the binding of Gα subunits to either Gβ subunits or effectors, but it instead represents a novel type of functional interaction.
Young Scholars

The Fairfax County Public Schools (FCPS) Young Scholars model offers new language and ideas for thinking about giftedness that embrace expanded beliefs about the nature of intelligence and highlight the importance of nurturing intelligent behavior in children from diverse cultural, ethnic, and linguistic backgrounds as early as possible. These expanded beliefs move beyond an exclusionary vocabulary that is based on a child’s proficiency in skills that are taught in school or a single score on a standard ability test and instead focus on a child’s ability to think, reason, and problem-solve through evidence and assessments that cross cultural, ethnic, and linguistic boundaries. The Young Scholars model is embedded in a continuum of gifted services offered to a broad range of learners, and it has the capacity to be an important vehicle for change. Young Scholars are students who historically have been underrepresented in gifted programs. This includes students from poverty, students whose primary language is not English, and twice exceptional learners. Staff at Young Scholars schools work together to find and nurture gifted potential as early as kindergarten to ensure that no student is overlooked. The model has two goals: (a) to identify students who may not be considered for gifted programs using traditional methods of identification, and who, without that opportunity, are less likely to pursue advanced levels of learning on their own; and (b) to nurture gifted potential at an early age so that Young Scholars will be prepared to engage in challenging subject matter and rigorous courses in elementary school, middle school, high school, and beyond.
Ritual and the social meaning and meaninglessness of religion

The members of an Old Order Mennonite community successfully enact the rituals of foot washing, baptism, expulsion, and reconciliation without a common understanding of what the rituals are supposed to signify or why they are meaningful. The symbols and rituals of Weaverland Mennonites seem to sustain unity in the group because they completely transcend the individual beliefs of members. Religion is socially meaningful as a source of social solidarity because it transcends the personal beliefs of individuals. To be socially meaningful, religious interaction does not have to personally mean anything to the actors. The »form« of a ritual is the only thing that is socially significant because it alone is fixed, objectified, and self-evident. It is significant even though each participant in the ritual may attach a different »content« to the form.
Gd-Si Oxide Nanoparticles as Contrast Agents in Magnetic Resonance Imaging

We describe the synthesis, characterization and application as contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging of a novel type of magnetic nanoparticle based on Gd-Si oxide, which presents high Gd3+ atom density. For this purpose, we have used a Prussian Blue analogue as the sacrificial template by reacting with soluble silicate, obtaining particles with nanorod morphology and of small size (75 nm). These nanoparticles present good biocompatibility and higher longitudinal and transversal relaxivity values than commercial Gd3+ solutions, which significantly improves the sensitivity of in vivo magnetic resonance images.
Career Entry Development Profiles and the statutory induction arrangements in England: a model of effective practice for the professional development of newly qualified teachers?

This paper provides a critical evaluation of the model of professional development elucidated within the Career Entry Development Profile and induction arrangements for newly qualified teachers (NQTs) in England. In addition, it outlines the findings from a small‐scale study of NQTs’ professional development during their first year of teaching. The findings of the study, while accepting that, in theory, the CEDP and induction arrangements provide an effective model of professional development, questions whether, in practice, beginning teachers are being facilitated with high‐quality personalised in‐service training.
On the Origin of Convention: Evidence from Coordination Games

We report the results of a coordination game experiment. The experiment carefully distinguishes between conventions based on labels and conventions based on populations. Our labels treatments investigate the abstraction assumptions that underlie the concept of a strategy, while our population treatments investigate the attraction of alternative mutually consistent ways to play under adaptive behaviour. We observe conventions emerging in communities with one population and labels and with two populations and no labels, but the most effective treatment is two labelled populations. We estimate logistic response learning models for individual subject behaviour. Of the models considered, a version of exponential fictitious play fits our data best.
ATP-binding cassette transporter controls leaf surface secretion of anticancer drug components in Catharanthus roseus

Significance The presence of biologically active monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs) on the leaf surfaces of medicinally important Catharanthus roseus has led to questions about the secretion processes involved and their prevalence within MIA-producing species of plants. This report shows that a transporter closely related to those involved in cuticle assembly in plants and belonging to the pleiotropic drug resistance family of ATP-binding cassette transporters is specialized for transport of the MIA catharanthine to the leaf surface from its site of biosynthesis in the leaf epidermis. The same transporter was also identified in plants from distinct geographical origins (Eurasian Vinca minor, African Tabernamontana elegans, Indian Rauvolfia serpentina, South American Cinchona ledgeriana, and North American Amsonia hubrichtii). The Madagascar periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) is highly specialized for the biosynthesis of many different monoterpenoid indole alkaloids (MIAs), many of which have powerful biological activities. Such MIAs include the commercially important chemotherapy drugs vinblastine, vincristine, and other synthetic derivatives that are derived from the coupling of catharanthine and vindoline. However, previous studies have shown that biosynthesis of these MIAs involves extensive movement of metabolites between specialized internal leaf cells and the leaf epidermis that require the involvement of unknown secretory processes for mobilizing catharanthine to the leaf surface and vindoline to internal leaf cells. Spatial separation of vindoline and catharanthine provides a clear explanation for the low levels of dimers that accumulate in intact plants. The present work describes the molecular cloning and functional identification of a unique catharanthine transporter (CrTPT2) that is expressed predominantly in the epidermis of young leaves. CrTPT2 gene expression is activated by treatment with catharanthine, and its in planta silencing redistributes catharanthine to increase the levels of catharanthine–vindoline drug dimers in the leaves. Phylogenetic analysis shows that CrTPT2 is closely related to a key transporter involved in cuticle assembly in plants and that may be unique to MIA-producing plant species, where it mediates secretion of alkaloids to the plant surface.