Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of sex on the acute skeletal muscle response to sprint interval exercise

What is the central question of this study? Are there sex‐based differences in the acute skeletal muscle response to sprint interval training (SIT)? What is the main finding and its importance? In response to a SIT protocol that involved three 20 s bouts of ‘all‐out’ cycling, the expression of multiple genes associated with mitochondrial biogenesis, metabolic control and structural remodelling was largely similar between men and women matched for fitness. Our findings cannot explain previous reports of sex‐based differences in the adaptive response to SIT and suggest that the mechanistic basis for these differences remains to be elucidated.
PREDICTING THE USE OF WEB-BASED INFORMATION SYSTEMS: INTRINSIC MOTIVATION AND SELF-EFFICACY

This study applies recent findings in the intrinsic motivation and computer self-efficacy research to Technology Acceptance Model in order to predict the use of web-based information systems. One hundred nine subjects participated in the study, which was conducted in a field setting with Blackboard system, a web-based class management system. A survey was administered at the beginning of the study and the actual use of the system was captured by the Blackboard system over eight weeks. The results largely support the proposed model, highlighting the important roles of perceived enjoyment, learning goal orientation, and self-efficacy in determining the actual use of the system.
Expression of the bcl‐6 and MUM1/IRF4 proteins correlate with overall and disease‐specific survival in patients with primary cutaneous large B‐cell lymphoma: a tissue microarray study

Background: Systemic B‐cell lymphomas have been studied using microarrays, which has led to a better understanding of their molecular characteristics. Initial microarray studies of these lymphomas have implicated several genes as important predictors of outcome. In this study, we used a tissue microarray (TMA) to characterize primary cutaneous large B‐cell lymphomas (PCLBCL).
Using the Characteristics of Small Business Managers to Understand Information Technology ( IT ) Adoption in Nigeria

While previous studies emphasised that demographic characteristics can influence IT adoption, our understanding of these characteristics and how they influence IT adoption in Nigerian context remains to be explored. This study investigates the effects of demographic characteristics age, gender, working experience and education (academic) attainment on SMEs’ IT adoption behaviour and adopts a cross sectional research design using self administered questionnaires to collect the primary data. Custom factorial univariate analysis of variance was used to analysis the raw data. Age and education attainment were found to influence IT adoption while gender and working experience had no impact. Those responsible for introducing IT in Nigeria should be aware that the idiosyncrasies of decision makers can greatly influence IT adoption practices.
Effects of interferon on cells, viruses, and the immune system : proceedings of a meeting held at the Gulbenkian Institute of Science, Oeiras, Portugal on September 19-September 21, 1973

Effects of interferon on cells, viruses, and the immune system: proceedings of a meeting held at the Gulbenkian Institute of Science, Oeiras, Portugal on September 19-September 21, 1973 , Effects of interferon on cells, viruses, and the immune system: proceedings of a meeting held at the. , مرکز فناوری اطلاعات و اطلاع رسانی کشاورزی
Cytosol- and clathrin-dependent stimulation of endocytosis in vitro by purified adaptors

Using stage-specific assays for receptor-mediated endocytosis of transferrin (Tfn) into perforated A431 cells we show that purified adaptors stimulate coated pit assembly and ligand sequestration into deeply invaginated coated pits. Late events in endocytosis involving membrane fission and coated vesicle budding which lead to the internalization of Tfn are unaffected. AP2, plasma membrane adaptors, are active at physiological concentrations, whereas AP1, Golgi adaptors, are inactive. Adaptor-dependent stimulation of Tfn sequestration requires cytosolic clathrin, but is unaffected by clathrin purified from coated vesicles suggesting that soluble and assembled clathrin pools are functionally distinct. In addition to adaptors and cytosolic clathrin other, as yet unidentified, cytosolic factors are also required for efficient coated pit invagination. These results provide new insight into the mechanisms and regulation of coated pit assembly and invagination.
Natural course of knee osteoarthritis in middle-aged subjects with knee pain: 12-year follow-up using clinical and radiographic criteria

Objective: To explore the natural course of knee osteoarthritis (OA) in a middle-aged population with chronic knee pain. Methods: A population-based sample of 143 subjects (mean age 45 (range 35–54), 44% women) with knee pain (>3 months) at inclusion was studied. Weight-bearing posteroanterior tibiofemoral (TF) radiographs were obtained at baseline and 12 years later, and classified according to Kellgren/Lawrence (K/L). Patellofemoral (PF) OA was determined at 5- and 12-years’ follow-up using a skyline view and a cut-off point of <5 mm joint space width. The ACR clinical criteria were used at baseline. Results: Seventy-six (53%) had no TF OA (K/L 0) at baseline, but 49 had clinical OA. Overall, 65/76 (86%) developed incident TF OA over 12 years (K/L ⩾1): 44/49 (90%) of the subjects with clinical OA and 21/27 (78%) without clinical OA. Progression was found in 65/67 (97%) with TF OA at baseline. Of the 84 with no PF OA at the 5-year examination, 26 (31%) developed PF OA over 7 years. Conclusion: A majority of the subjects with chronic knee pain developed knee OA over 12 years. It is concluded that knee pain is often the first sign of knee OA.
A Feminist Family Therapy Research Study

Abstract In Hong Kong no one has ever explored a female anorectic's experience of family therapy by inviting her to review her family sessions. By using a retrospective approach, this single case study adopted an interpretative paradigm with an open-ended question regarding how the patient experienced the family sessions. The distinct feature of this data collection was that the patient served as a research instrument and was invited to review six family sessions in order to review her past session experiences. Five themes emerged from the patient's storied review of the sessions: (1) how she viewed her own personal characteristics; (2) her changed perceptions of her family relationships; (3) her perceptions of her family quarrels' dynamics; (4) her resistance to recovery; and (5) her significant events in family therapy. With this unique client-driven approach for qualitative inquiryher hands were writing for her heart; her words expressed her experience. Thus, the client was allowed to give her own voice to her subjective experience and, thereby, to enhance the future of family therapy practice.
Segregated processing of facial identity and emotion in the human brain: A pet study

Abstract The brain is organized into segregated areas of relative functional autonomy and specialization. This basic principle of cerebral organization is well documented for cognitive functions that differ drastically from one another, but less so for functions that belong to the same domain, such as face processing. Yet several sources of evidence point to a functional and structural dissociation of various aspects of face processing, as suggested by (1) an analysis of the perceptual and cognitive demands made by the processing of diverse properties conveyed by facial configurations, (2) selective impairment of aspects of face processing in brain-damaged patients, and (3) different localizations of face cells responsive to properties conveyed by faces such as identity and emotion in the monkey's brain. This study used positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to delineate better the neurofunctional organization of face processing in the human brain, by measuring cerebral bl.
Perceptions of causes and long term effects of academic underachievement in high IQ adults

Perceptions of Causes and Long-term Effects of Academic Underachievement in High IQ Adults Page 3 ABSTRACT A great deal is known and has been written about the difficulties that high IQ children can experience in the classroom when their special educational needs are not met. Evidence suggests that these difficulties can result in poor academic performance. This study is different from the research carried out in this field so far in that it expresses an hitherto unheard adult voice. It does so by examining the causes and the long-term effects of academic underachievement, as perceived by high IQ adults, on reflection. A mixed quantitative/qualitative methodological approach was used. 158 members of British Mensa, the High IQ Society, completed one semi-structured open ended questionnaire about their perceptions of the causes and long-term effects of their academic underachievement. A second questionnaire was completed by 50 of the previous sample who had revealed that they had reversed their underachievement in adulthood. This highlighted the differences between their educational experiences as children and as adults. It also revealed the impact that their delayed academic achievement had had on their life trajectory. Out of those 50 participants, ten took part in semi-structured one-to-one interviews which allowed for more in-depth enquiry. The conclusions of the study were that, if not nurtured, an innate ability such as a high IQ can become a disadvantage over time. It suggests that not catering for the special educational needs of high IQ children by not providing the mental stimulation they need is ‘intellectual neglect’. Such neglect, like physical and emotional neglect, may affect mental well-being in adulthood. In the study sample, most of the participants’ long-term economic and mental health had been negatively affected by their academic underachievement, even when it had been reversed in adulthood. This is an area which seems to have been little researched so far, perhaps because of the difficulty of locating high IQ underachieving adults. Yet, the issues highlighted by the research are of great importance not only to the individuals concerned but also to society. The desired outcomes of this study are that the dissemination of the results will raise awareness amongst educators and policy makers of the potential negative long-term effects of neglecting high IQ children’s intellectual needs. It will also provide a platform for further research.
A 65 nm Gate-Level Pipelined Self-Synchronous FPGA for High Performance and Variation Robust Operation

A 65 nm self-synchronous field programmable gate array (SSFPGA) with delay insensitive operation and pipeline granularity at the gate level, is shown to be robust to process voltage and temperature (PVT) variations. The proposed SSFPGA employs a 38 × 38 array of four-input, three-stage self-synchronous configurable logic blocks, with the introduction of a new dual tree-divider four-input, three-pipeline stage LUT to achieve a 2.97 GHz throughput at 1.2 V. Correct operation is measured with 500 mVp-p, 1.12 GHz externally introduced power supply noise at 1.2 V power supply, equivalent to 42% power supply bounce. Sensitivity against power supply noise frequency has been measured, and confirmed with simulation results to show a strong correlation with the average operating frequency. Correct operation was shown over 10 chips with 16% performance variation, with VDD change from 728 mV to 2 V, and temperature change from 0°C to 120°C, without tuning any input parameters such as clock frequency, supply voltages and biases. Results show the SSFPGA can adapt and is inherently robust to these variations with internal throughput measured from 300 MHz to 4.07 GHz, while maintaining correct operation. The operation under noisey power supply conditions is compared to a conventional synchronous FPGA, which show the SSFPGA has 4.2 times error free operation. The failure mode is also measured on the SSFPGA using an accelerated stress cycle between 0°C and 120°C at 2 V, showing the SSFPGA has 8% longer correct operation before chip malfunction past a 10% delay margin commonly used in synchronous systems.
Bergman . J . C . Beehner . D . L . Cheney .

To date, research on testosterone and behavior has focused on individuals, even when studying social behaviors that necessarily involve multiple participants. Here, we explore male responses to other males of different dominance ranks and testosterone levels in a population of wild baboons. In chacma baboons (Papio hamadryas ursinus) of the Okavango Delta, a male’s testosterone is related to his rank trajectory and, therefore, the threat he poses to other males. To examine the effects of testosterone and rank on male–male interactions, we used playback experiments to measure how a target male responded to the simulated approach of another male, scoring responses by whether or not the subject moved away from the speaker in the first minute. High testosterone subjects did not move away from the speaker more often than low testosterone subjects, but high testosterone callers elicited a move more often than low testosterone callers. When the combined testosterone of the subject and caller was high, moves were most common. The rank relationship between subject and caller did not predict moves, but the effect of combined testosterone on moving was most pronounced in adjacently ranked males. Adjacently ranked, high testosterone males are the most likely to be competing for each others’ rank, and our experiments on these dyads elicited the most moves. Both behavioral and experimental observations indicate that testosterone may be more important than the rank relationship in predicting the outcome of male–male interactions. Furthermore, combined information on the testosterone of both males was the best predictor of results, highlighting the utility of dyadic analyses when relating testosterone to behavior.
Error Modeling and Experimental Validation of a Planar 3-PPR Parallel Manipulator With Joint Clearances

This paper deals with the error modelling and analysis of a 3-\underline{P}PR planar parallel manipulator with joint clearances. The kinematics and the Cartesian workspace of the manipulator are analyzed. An error model is established with considerations of both configuration errors and joint clearances. Using this model, the upper bounds and distributions of the pose errors for this manipulator are established. The results are compared with experimental measurements and show the effectiveness of the error prediction model.
The effect of bright light on lens compensation in chicks.

PURPOSE It has been shown that sunlight or bright indoor light can inhibit the development of deprivation myopia in chicks. It remains unclear whether light merely acts on deprivation myopia or, more generally, modulates the rate of emmetropization and its set point. This study was conducted to test how bright light interacts with compensation for imposed optical defocus. Furthermore, a dopamine antagonist was applied to test whether the protective effect of light is mediated by dopamine. METHODS Experiment A: Chicks monocularly wore either -7 or +7 D lenses for a period of 5 days, either under normal laboratory illuminance (500 lux, n = 12 and 16, respectively) or under high ambient illuminance (15,000 lux, n = 12 and 16). Experiment B: Chicks wore diffusers for a period of 4 days, either under normal laboratory illuminance (500 lux, n = 9) or high ambient illuminance (15,000 lux), with the bright-light group intravitreally injected daily with either the dopamine D(2) antagonist spiperone (500 μM, n = 9) or a vehicle solution (0.1% ascorbic acid, n = 9), with an untreated group serving as the control (n = 6). Axial length and refraction were measured at the commencement and cessation of all treatments. RESULTS Exposure to high illuminances (15,000 lux) for 5 hours per day significantly slowed compensation for negative lenses, compared with that seen under 500 lux, although full compensation was still achieved. Compensation for positive lenses was accelerated by exposure to high illuminances but, again, the end point refraction was unchanged, compared with that of the 500-lux group. High illuminance also reduced deprivation myopia by roughly 60%, compared with that seen under 500 lux. This protective effect was abolished, however, by the daily injection of spiperone, but was unaffected by the injection of a vehicle solution. CONCLUSIONS High illuminance levels reduce the rate of compensation for negative lenses and enhance the rate for positive lenses, but do not change the set point of emmetropization (target refraction). The retardation of myopia development by light is partially mediated by dopamine, as the injection of a dopamine antagonist abolishes the protective effect of light, at least in the case of deprivation myopia.
An Asymmetric Quorum-based Power Saving Protocol for Clustered Ad Hoc Networks

Clustering in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs) has shown to be a promising technique to ensure the scalability and efficiency of various communication protocols. Since stations in MANETs are usually equipped with batteries as the power source, it is critical to ensure the energy efficiency of clustering schemes. The Quorum-based Power Saving (QPS) protocols render extensive energy conservation as compared with IEEE 802.11 Power Saving (PS) mode and are widely studied over the past years. However, most existing QPS protocols adopt a symmetric design where stations in the network are guaranteed to discover each other. Observing that in clustered environments there is no need to insist in all-pair neighbor discovery, we propose an Asymmetric Cyclic Quorum (ACQ) system. The ACQ system guarantees the neighbor discovery between each member node and the clusterhead in a cluster, and between clusterheads in the network. A construction scheme is presented in this work, which assembles the ACQ system in O(1) time. We show that by taxing slightly more energy consumption on the clusterhead, the average energy consumption of stations in a cluster can reduce substantially than can be achieved by traditional QPS protocols. Simulation results show that the ACQ system outperforms the previous studies up to 52% in energy efficiency, while introducing no extra worst-case latency.
Hepatitis Viruses B and D and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infections in Hemodialysis Patients in the South of Iran: Prevalence and Genotypes

Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis D virus (HDV), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) are transmitted by blood transfusion. Thus, hemodialysis (HD) patients are more prone to become the carriers of these infections due to their treatment demands. Objectives The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of HBV and HIV infections among HD patients in Bandar Abbas, Iran, 2015. Patients and Methods A total of 153 patients with chronic renal failure undergoing HD at Shahid Mohammadi hospital in Bandar Abbas were examined for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti- hepatitis C virus, and anti-HIV over a period of 2 months. Thereafter, all of the specimens were evaluated for HBV-DNA, HDV-RNA and HIV-RNA using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and further techniques. All statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS version 12 for Windows with the t-test and chi-square (χ2) test. Results Both kinds of assay determined that nine (5.88%) patients were HBV positive (HBsAg-positive), whereas no HIV- and HDV-positive patients were diagnosed. All of the diagnosed HBV samples belonged to genotype D; the prevalence of HBV is associated with age, duration of HD, history of blood transfusion, and using shared HD devices. Conclusions In conclusion, the prevalence of HBV infection was low in the south of Iran, but genotype D represented the major HBV genotype in this population. Among the variables, age, duration of HD, history of blood transfusion, and using shared HD devices influenced the prevalence of HBV among HD patients.
Usp12 stabilizes the T-cell receptor complex at the cell surface during signaling

Significance We used an unbiased screening strategy to capture deubiquitylases that participate in T cell receptor signaling in primary cells under physiological settings. We identified ubiquitin-specific peptidase (Usp) 12 as a crucial component of TCR expression at the cell surface, and found supporting evidence for its function by creating an inducible genetic knockout in Jurkat cells. Using proximity-based labeling, we identified LAT and Trat1 as substrates of Usp12. In Usp12-deficient cells, both LAT and Trat1 are ubiquitin-modified and lysosomally degraded, thus down-regulating TCR surface expression. Our data define a role of Usp12 in the TCR signaling pathway for the first time, to our knowledge. These results underscore the importance of deubiquitylases in fine-tuning signaling cascades and provide a basis for the screening of small molecules to identify potential inhibitors. Posttranslational modifications are central to the spatial and temporal regulation of protein function. Among others, phosphorylation and ubiquitylation are known to regulate proximal T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. Here we used a systematic and unbiased approach to uncover deubiquitylating enzymes (DUBs) that participate during TCR signaling in primary mouse T lymphocytes. Using a C-terminally modified vinyl methyl ester variant of ubiquitin (HA-Ub-VME), we captured DUBs that are differentially recruited to the cytosol on TCR activation. We identified ubiquitin-specific peptidase (Usp) 12 and Usp46, which had not been previously described in this pathway. Stimulation with anti-CD3 resulted in phosphorylation and time-dependent translocation of Usp12 from the nucleus to the cytosol. Usp12−/− Jurkat cells displayed defective NFκB, NFAT, and MAPK activities owing to attenuated surface expression of TCR, which were rescued on reconstitution of wild type Usp12. Proximity-based labeling with BirA-Usp12 revealed several TCR adaptor proteins acting as interactors in stimulated cells, of which LAT and Trat1 displayed reduced expression in Usp12−/− cells. We demonstrate that Usp12 deubiquitylates and prevents lysosomal degradation of LAT and Trat1 to maintain the proximal TCR complex for the duration of signaling. Our approach benefits from the use of activity-based probes in primary cells without any previous genome modification, and underscores the importance of ubiquitin-mediated regulation to refine signaling cascades.