Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
CCNoC: Specializing On-Chip Interconnects for Energy Efficiency in Cache-Coherent Servers

Many core chips are emerging as the architecture of choice to provide power efficiency and improve performance, while riding Moore's Law. In these architectures, on-chip inter-connects play a pivotal role in ensuring power and performance scalability. As supply voltages begin to level off in future technologies, chip designs in general and interconnects in particular will require specialization to meet power and performance objectives. In this work, we make the observation that cache-coherent many core server chips exhibit a duality in on-chip network traffic. Request traffic largely consists of simple control messages, while response traffic often carries cache-block-sized payloads. We present Cache-Coherence Network-on-Chip (CCNoC), a design that specializes the NoC to fit the demands of server workloads via a pair of asymmetric networks tuned to the type of traffic traversing them. The networks differ in their data path width, router micro architecture, flow control strategy, and delay. The resulting heterogeneous CCNoC architecture enables significant gains in power efficiency over conventional NoC designs at similar performance levels. Our evaluation reveals that a 4×4 mesh-based chip multiprocessor with the proposed CCNoC organization running commercial server workloads is 15-28% more energy efficient than various state-of-the-art single- and dual-network organizations.
Welcome to Woodside: Inverbrackie Alternative Place of Detention and performances of belonging in Woodside, South Australia, and Australia

ABSTRACT Alternative Places of Detention (APODs) are a new way of detaining asylum seekers in Australia. The establishment of APODs creates a new formal structure of belonging in Australia which challenges everyday practices of belonging and senses of belonging at the local and national scale. This paper examines practices of belonging which emerged following the establishment of the Inverbrackie APOD in Woodside, South Australia. Using a critical discourse analysis approach, informed by the insights of theories of performativity, this research explores the competing stories of two broadly defined groups (opponents and supporters of Inverbrackie) engaged in a dialogue about asylum seekers, refugees, immigration detention and belonging. While opposition to the APOD was vocal and frequent in the lead-up to the establishment of the detention centre, once the Inverbrackie APOD became operational opponents’ voices began to fade. On the other hand, supporters continued to say things—and more importantly continued to do things—to nurture belonging for asylum seekers in Inverbrackie, Woodside, and Australia.
Patterns of Psychological Acculturation in Adult and Adolescent Moroccan Immigrants Living in the Netherlands

Psychological acculturation patterns within a Moroccan adult and adolescent population in the Netherlands were determined through latent class analysis. The Psychological Acculturation Scale (PAS) was adapted, and strong psychometric properties were demonstrated. We found Dutch and Moroccan Psychological Acculturation Subscales (D-PAS; M-PAS). Three classes with similar patterns of acculturation were revealed for both populations. One class showed medium scores on the D-PAS and M-PAS items and one class revealed a pattern with high scores on the M-PAS and medium to high scores on the D-PAS items. The third class was characterized by low scores on the D-PAS and high scores on the M-PAS items. These acculturation classes were shown to be meaningful constructs and yield detailed information about acculturation.
Career Barriers Among Native American Students Living on Reservations

Patterns of educational achievement and employment indicate that Native American students face considerable barriers to career development. This is particularly true for those who live on reservations. This study used a hermeneutic analysis of qualitative interview data to identify and describe these barriers from the perspective of 29 Native American students in reservation secondary schools. Themes related to the barriers faced by these students are described and discussed.
Specific Roles of Each TCR Hemichain in Generating Functional Chain-Centric TCR

TCRα- and β-chains cooperatively recognize peptide–MHC complexes. It has been shown that a “chain-centric” TCR hemichain can, by itself, dictate MHC-restricted Ag specificity without requiring major contributions from the paired TCR counterchain. Little is known, however, regarding the relative contributions and roles of chain-centric and its counter, non–chain-centric, hemichains in determining T cell avidity. We comprehensively analyzed a thymically unselected T cell repertoire generated by transducing the α-chain–centric HLA-A*02:01(A2)/MART127–35 TCRα, clone SIG35α, into A2-matched and unmatched postthymic T cells. Regardless of their HLA-A2 positivity, a substantial subset of peripheral T cells transduced with SIG35α gained reactivity for A2/MART127–35. Although the generated A2/MART127–35–specific T cells used various TRBV genes, TRBV27 predominated with >102 highly diverse and unique clonotypic CDR3β sequences. T cells individually reconstituted with various A2/MART127–35 TRBV27 TCRβ genes along with SIG35α possessed a wide range (>2 log orders) of avidity. Approximately half possessed avidity higher than T cells expressing clone DMF5, a naturally occurring A2/MART127–35 TCR with one of the highest affinities. Importantly, similar findings were recapitulated with other self-Ags. Our results indicate that, although a chain-centric TCR hemichain determines Ag specificity, the paired counterchain can regulate avidity over a broad range (>2 log orders) without compromising Ag specificity. TCR chain centricity can be exploited to generate a thymically unselected Ag-specific T cell repertoire, which can be used to isolate high-avidity antitumor T cells and their uniquely encoded TCRs rarely found in the periphery because of tolerance.
Partial Inhibition of Sodium/Calcium Exchange Restores Cellular Calcium Handling in Canine Heart Failure

Sodium/calcium (Na+/Ca2+) exchange (NCX) overexpression is common to human heart failure and heart failure in many animal models, but its specific contribution to the cellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) handling deficit is unclear. Here, we investigate the effects of exchange inhibitory peptide (XIP) on Ca2+ handling in myocytes isolated from canine tachycardic pacing-induced failing hearts. Whole-cell patch-clamped left ventricular myocytes from failing hearts (F) showed a 52% decrease in steady-state sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ load and a 44% reduction in the amplitude of the [Ca2+]i transient, as compared with myocytes from normal hearts (N). Intracellular application of XIP (30 &mgr;mol/L) normalized the [Ca2+]i transient amplitude in F (3.86-fold increase), concomitant with a similar increase in SR Ca2+ load. The degree of NCX inhibition at this concentration of XIP was ≈27% and was selective for NCX: L-type Ca2+ currents and plasmalemmal Ca2+ pumps were not affected. XIP also indirectly improved the rate of [Ca2+]i removal at steady-state, secondary to Ca2+-dependent activation of SR Ca2+ uptake. The findings indicate that in the failing heart cell, NCX inhibition can improve SR Ca2+ load by shifting the balance of Ca2+ fluxes away from trans-sarcolemmal efflux toward SR accumulation. Hence, inhibition of the Ca2+ efflux mode of the exchanger could potentially be an effective therapeutic strategy for improving contractility in congestive heart failure.
Selection and socialization of drinking among young adult dating, cohabiting, and married partners

This study examines associations among adolescent drinking, young adult drinking, and romantic partner drinking through selection and socialization processes in young adult dating, cohabiting, and marital relationships. Hierarchical regression analyses, using data from The National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (n = 1132), demonstrated significant selection and socialization effects for young adult romantic partner drinking. Moderating effects indicated that romantic partner drinking significantly predicted young adult drinking within dating and cohabiting relationships, but not within married relationships. Both young adult women and men had positive associations between their own and partners' drinking, but this association was significantly stronger for males. Continuing to study the effects of romantic partners on risky behaviors during adolescence and young adults is warranted.
Adrenocortical nodular hyperplasia: The ageing adrenal

DURING the collection of adrenals for anatomical studies (Dobbie and Symington, 1966), it was noted that many of the glands from elderly patients showed varying degrees of nodular disorganisation of the cortical architecture. Moreover, there appeared to be a correlation between the presence of the nodules and arteriopathy of the capsular vessels. The initial impression gained from the chance observations was that these features might well represent the effect of ageing on the human adrenal. Examination of the previous literature revealed that the terminology and classification of cortical nodules varied from paper to paper. Some authors used the term " nodular hyperplasia ", whilst others used " micro-adenoma ", " adenoma " and " adenomatous hyperplasia ". The preoccupation of previous workers was the correlation between cortical nodularity and hypertension. Since an agreed classification was not available, the statistical results have been contradictory. The prime object of the present investigation was the detailed examination of a large number of adrenals showing cortical nodules, and the establishment of an accurate morphological assessment of the condition. The second objective was the investigation of the possible role of the adrenal vasculature in the genesis and functioning or non-functioning of these areas of cortical overgrowth.
Cloning, Expression and Purification of L. Donovani Specific Antigen for Serodiagnosis of Visceral Leishmaniasis

Background Rapid diagnostic test using rk39 antigen is widely used for visceral leishmaniasis. However it detects anti-rk39 antibodies in 20-32% of endemic healthy individuals. In search for a better biomarker of infection, we identified a protein of molecular weight 70 kDa (BHUP1), specifically recognized by sera of visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients. Methods The protein was cloned as His-tagged fusion protein and purified. We evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of this protein in an enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) format in comparison to the rk39 antigen using sera collected from various groups of individuals. Results The sensitivity of rBHUP1 was 96.5% compared to 98.8% with rk39. For healthy controls from non endemic and endemic regions, the specificity of rBHUP1 was 100% and 95.6% compared to 100% and 84.9% for rk39, respectively. For other infectious diseases such as malaria, tuberculosis, viral fever, etc., specificity of rBHUP1 was as low as 74.5% when compared to 94% of rk39. At six month and one year follow-up, 74% and 22.5% patients tested positive with rBHUP1, respectively, compared to 97% and 77.4% with rk39 antigen. Conclusion Though the high sensitivity and specificity of rBHUP1 antigen for VL and healthy controls would have made it a good diagnostic biomarkers, however, its non-specific reaction with other infectious diseases limit its utility.
The Influence of Gastric Antral Ulcerations on the Expression of Galanin and GalR1, GalR2, GalR3 Receptors in the Pylorus with Regard to Gastric Intrinsic Innervation of the Pyloric Sphincter

Gastric antrum ulcerations are common disorders occurring in humans and animals. Such localization of ulcers disturbs the gastric emptying process, which is precisely controlled by the pylorus. Galanin (Gal) and its receptors are commonly accepted to participate in the regulation of inflammatory processes and neuronal plasticity. Their role in the regulation of gastrointestinal motility is also widely described. However, there is lack of data considering antral ulcerations in relation to changes in the expression of Gal and GalR1, GalR2, GalR3 receptors in the pyloric wall tissue and galaninergic intramural innervation of the pylorus. Two groups of pigs were used in the study: healthy gilts and gilts with experimentally induced antral ulcers. By double immunocytochemistry percentages of myenteric and submucosal neurons expressing Gal-immunoreactivity were determined in the pyloric wall tissue and in the population of gastric descending neurons supplying the pyloric sphincter (labelled by retrograde Fast Blue neuronal tracer). The percentage of Gal-immunoreactive neurons increased only in the myenteric plexus of the pyloric wall (from 16.14±2.06% in control to 25.5±2.07% in experimental animals), while no significant differences in other neuronal populations were observed between animals of both groups. Real-Time PCR revealed the increased expression of mRNA encoding Gal and GalR1 receptor in the pyloric wall tissue of the experimental animals, while the expression(s) of GalR2 and GalR3 were not significantly changed. The results obtained suggest the involvement of Gal, GalR1 and galaninergic pyloric myenteric neurons in the response of pyloric wall structures to antral ulcerations.
Color image segmentation using rival penalized controlled competitive learning

Color image segmentation has been extensively applied to a lot of applications such as pattern recognition, image compression and matching. In the literature, conventional k-means is one common algorithm used in pixel-based image segmentation. However, it needs to pre-assign an appropriate cluster number before performing clustering, which is an intractable problem from a practical viewpoint. In contrast, the recently proposed rival penalization controlled competitive learning (RPCCL) approach (Cheung, 2002) can perform correct clustering without knowing the exact cluster number in analog with the RPCL (Xu et al., 1993). The RPCCL penalizes the rivals with a strength control such that extra seed points are automatically driven far away from the input data set, but without the de-learning rate selecting problem as the RPCL. In this paper, we further investigate the RPCCL on color image segmentation in comparison with the k-means and RPCL algorithms.
Leadership and knowledge management in UK ICT organisations

Purpose – While it is well known that leadership can play an important role in engendering effective knowledge management activity, relatively little is known about which styles of leadership are most appropriate for this task. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to theory by exploring dimensions of leadership as presented by Avolio and Bass (Transformational, Transactional and Passive‐Avoidance Leadership) and the dimensions of organisational knowledge management activity as presented by Maier and Mosley through a survey of primary knowledge managers from information and communications technology (ICT) organisations in the UK.Design/methodology/approach – The paper presents the results of a quantitative survey of 111 primary knowledge managers from ICT organisations in the UK.Findings – The key finding is that when primary knowledge managers within organisations adopt the Transformational and Transactional leadership styles, there is a notable increase in knowledge management activity. Given the r.
Job Status and Employees' Responses: Effects of Demographic Characteristics

Differences in attitudinal responses of part-time and full-time employees have been described in prior investigations which, however, generally did not control statistically for demographic variables. Some researchers contend that the results may be spurious. This paper reports differences between 74 part-time and 83 full-time retail department store employees' role perceptions, general job satisfaction, internal work motivation, organizational commitment, task perceptions, and self-rated performance. Differences, assessed while controlling for age, sex, job tenure, and education, suggest that job status is related to employees' variety, autonomy, task-identity, and self-rated performance when controls for demographic variables are appropriate.
Characterization of Lactococcus lactis Phage 949 and Comparison with Other Lactococcal Phages

ABSTRACT The virulent Lactococcus lactis phage 949 was isolated in 1975 from cheese whey in New Zealand. This phage is a member of the Siphoviridae family and of a rare lactococcal phage group that bears its name (949 group). It has an icosahedral capsid (79-nm diameter) and a very long noncontractile tail (length, 500 nm; width, 12 nm). It infected 7 of 59 tested L. lactis strains, a somewhat expanded host range for a rare lactococcal phage. The abortive phage infection defense mechanisms AbiQ and AbiT strongly inhibited the multiplication of phage 949, but AbiK and AbiV did not. Its double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) genome of 114,768 bp is, to date, the largest among lactococcal phages. Its GC content was calculated at 32.7%, which is the lowest reported for a lactococcal phage. Its 154 open reading frames (ORFs) share limited identity with database sequences. In addition, terminal redundancy was observed as well as the presence of six tRNAs, one group I intron, and putative recombinases. SDS-PAGE coupled with mass spectrometry identified 13 structural proteins. The genomes of the members of the 10 currently known L. lactis phage groups were used to construct a proteomic tree. Each L. lactis phage group separated into distinct genetic clusters, validating the current classification scheme. Of note, members of the polythetic P335 groups were clearly separated into subgroups.
Prevalence and Mechanisms of Erythromycin Resistance in Group A and Group B Streptococcus: Implications for Reporting Susceptibility Results

ABSTRACT Increased rates of erythromycin resistance among group B Streptococcus (GBS) and group A Streptococcus (GAS) have been reported. Cross-resistance to clindamycin may be present, depending on the mechanism of resistance. We determined the prevalence of macrolide-resistant determinants in GBS and GAS isolates to guide the laboratory reporting of erythromycin and clindamycin susceptibility. Susceptibilities were determined by the disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods. Inducible and constitutive resistance to clindamycin was determined by the double-disk diffusion method. The presence of the ermTR, ermB, and mefA genes was confirmed by PCR. Of the 338 GBS isolates, 55 (17%) were resistant to erythromycin, whereas 26 (8%) were resistant to clindamycin. The erm methylase gene was identified in 48 isolates, 22 of which had inducible resistance to clindamycin and 26 of which had constitutive resistance to clindamycin. The remaining seven resistant isolates had mefA. Of the 593 GAS isolates, 49 (8%) and 6 (1%) isolates were resistant to erythromycin and clindamycin, respectively. Erythromycin resistance was due to mefA in 33 isolates, whereas 14 isolates had erm-mediated resistance (9 isolates had inducible resistance and 5 isolates had constitutive resistance). In our population, erythromycin resistance in GAS was predominantly mediated by mefA and erythromycin resistance in GBS was predominantly mediated by erm. Regional differences in mechanisms of resistance need to be taken into consideration when deciding whether to report clindamycin susceptibility results on the basis of in vitro test results. Testing by the double-disk diffusion method would be an approach that could be used to address this issue, especially for GAS.
Public and private regulatory issues associated with thoroughbred racing data

This paper explores the public and private regulatory reforms that have occurred over the last decade in relation to the use of thoroughbred racing data by wagering operators in Australia. It specifically reviews the importance of race data for wagering operators, the underlying legal principles that determine the nature and extent of operators' access to race data, how these rights have been tested, and the operation of the regulatory systems in respect to race field data in various Australian jurisdictions, including some comparisons with international examples. The paper concludes with a discussion of possible future challenges for both public and private regulators in this area.
Cellular transport and accumulation of thiotepa in murine, human, and avian cells.

Because the transport and accumulation of thiotepa by cells has not been characterized, these process were investigated with [14C]thiotepa and cultured L1210 or freshly obtained human or avian RBC. The octanol:phosphate buffered saline partition coefficient of thiotepa was 2.4 +/- 0.1 (n = 8). With this value, the permeability coefficient (P) for thiotepa was estimated to be between 2.8 X 10(-4) and 1.81 X 10(-3) cm/s and the half-life of accumulation of thiotepa by L1210 cells was estimated to be 0.063-0.40 s. Thiotepa accumulation by cells was measured after incubation of cell with [14C]thiotepa and subsequent harvesting of cells by centrifugation through silicone fluid. Thiotepa accumulation by L1210 cells was biphasic. The initial phase was rapid essentially complete by 10 s. The amount of cell-associated 14C increased linearly with increasing extracellular concentrations of thiotepa or with increasing size of the cell pellet. The absolute amount of cell-associated 14C was consistent with that expected if the [14C]thiotepa had been evenly distributed in the incubation medium and a volume equal to that of the cell pellet had been sampled and counted. This rapid phase of thiotepa accumulation was not slowed when cells were incubated on ice. The second phase of [14C]thiotepa accumulation occurred at a rate much slower than that of the initial phase. This slower phase of drug accumulation was linear for at least 5 h. The rate of 14C accumulation increased progressively over a range of extracellular thiotepa concentrations between 5 and 100 nmol/ml and could not be saturated under acceptable tissue culture conditions. The slower rate of 14C accumulation was ablated by incubation cells on ice and was reduced by 30-50% in the presence of 1 mM sodium azide or 2,4-dinitrophenol. The slow rate of accumulation of 14C reflected summation of a relatively stable or constant amount of exchangeable 14C an an amount of nonexchangeable 14C which increased linearly from almost undetectable levels at the start of the experiment to amounts approximately equal to those of exchangeable radioactivity after 5 h. The initial association of [14C]thiotepa with both human and avian RBCs was also very rapid. Avian RBCs also exhibited a slow rate of 14C accumulation which was linear for at least 5 h which was 15-20% that of L1210 cells. Human RBCs did not exhibit a slower rate of 14C accumulation and essentially all of the 14C associated with human RBCs was exchangeable for the 5 h duration of the experiment. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
L1 effects on the processing of grammatical gender in L2

This paper explores L1 effects on the L2 off-line processing of Dutch (grammatical gender) agreement. The L2 participants had either German, English or a Romance language as their L1. Non-gender agreement (finiteness and agreement) was tested to ascertain the level of proficiency of the participants. It was found that the German and Romance groups did not differ from the native speaker controls while the English group performed significantly worse. For the two grammatical gender experiments clear effects of L1 were found. No groups performed at a level similar to the native speakers, but of the L2 groups a hierarchy of performance was found. The German group performed the best, then the Romance group followed by the lower proficient English group. This was taken to mean that not only having grammatical gender in the L1 was an important factor but that the grammatical gender had to be similar in order for the L2 distinctions to be learnt.