Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Personal Health Records for Patients with Chronic Disease

Summary Background: Personal health records (PHRs) connected to a physician’s electronic health record system hold substantial promise for supporting and engaging patients with chronic disease. Objectives: To explore how U.S. health care organizations are currently utilizing PHRs for chronic disease populations. Methods: A mixed methods study including semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire was conducted. A purposive sample was developed of health care organizations which were recognized as exemplars for PHRs and were high performers in national patient satisfaction surveys (H-CAHPS or CAHPS). Within each organization, participants were health IT leaders or those managing high-risk or chronic disease populations. Results: Interviews were conducted with 30 informants and completed questionnaires were received from 16 organizations (84% response rate). Most PHRs allowed patients to access health records and educational material, message their provider, renew prescriptions and request appointments. Patient generated data was increasingly being sought and combined with messaging, resulted in greater understanding of patient health and functioning outside of the clinic visit. However for chronic disease populations, there was little targeted involvement in PHR design and few tools to help interpret and manage their conditions beyond those offered for all. The PHR was largely uncoupled from high risk population management interventions and no clear framework for future PHR development emerged. Conclusion: This technology is currently underutilized and represents a major opportunity given the potential benefits of patient engagement and shared decision making. A coherent patient-centric PHR design and evaluation strategy is required to realize its potential and maximize this natural hub for multidisciplinary care co-ordination. Citation: Wells S, Rozenblum R, Park A, Dunn M, Bates DW. Personal health records for patients with chronic disease: A major opportunity. Appl Clin Inf 2014; 5: 416–429 http://dx.doi. org/10.4338/ACI-2014-01-RA-0002
The Role of Video in Facilitating Perception and Action of a Novel Coordination Movement

Abstract Two groups (n = 10 in each) practiced a novel, bimanual coordination pattern that was demonstrated on video. One of the groups received augmented video feedback of their own responses after each trial following a demonstration. The video-feedback group showed better performance in acquisition and retention than the no-feedback group. On error-detection tests, the video-feedback group was better able to distinguish between correct and incorrect movement patterns. The authors concluded that video feedback helps to make relative phase information salient by aiding the discrimination process. Prepractice ability on a scanning task revealed that individuals who persevered with inphase-type movements, even though the task demands dictated otherwise, had the most difficulty determining and subsequently performing the required movement. Video feedback helped them to compensate for those difficulties.
Technical Report Nr. 745

The hardware trend toward higher core counts will likely result in a dynamic, bursty and interactive mix of parallel applications in personal and server computing. We investigate whether gang scheduling can provide performance beneﬁts for applications in this scenario. We present a systematic study of the conditions under which gang scheduling might be better than classical general-purpose OS scheduling, and derive a set of necessary conditions on the workload. We ﬁnd that these conditions are rarely met today, except in a small subset of workloads, for which we give an example. However, we propose that this subset is potentially important in the future, if (for example) parallel algorithms become increasingly used for real-time computer-human interaction.
Serum uric acid as a prognostic marker in the setting of advanced vascular disease: a prospective study in the elderly

Background Many epidemiological studies analyze the relationship between hyperuricemia and cardiovascular outcomes. This observational prospective study investigates the association of serum uric acid (SUA) levels with adverse cardiovascular events and deaths in an elderly population affected by advanced atherosclerosis. Methods Two hundred and seventy six elderly patients affected by advanced atherosclerosis (217 males and 59 females; aged 71.2 ± 7.8 years) were included. All patients were assessed for history of cardiovascular disease, cancer, obesity and traditional risk factors. Patients were followed for approximately 31 ± 11 months. Major events were recorded during follow-up, defined as myocardial infarction, cerebral ischemia, myocardial and/or peripheral revascularization and death. Results Mean SUA level was 5.47 ± 1.43 mg/dL; then we further divided the population in two groups, according to the median value (5.36 mg/dL). During a median follow up of 31 months (5 to 49 months), 66 cardiovascular events, 9 fatal cardiovascular events and 14 cancer-related deaths have occurred. The patients with increased SUA level presented a higher significant incidence of total cardiovascular events (HR: 1.867, P = 0.014, 95% CI: 1.134–3.074). The same patients showed a significant increased risk of cancer-related death (HR: 4.335, P = 0.025, 95% CI: 1.204–15.606). Conclusions Increased SUA levels are independently and significantly associated with risk of cardiovascular events and cancer related death in a population of mainly elderly patients affected by peripheral vasculopathy.
A cost-effective usability evaluation progression for novel interactive systems

This paper reports on user interface design and evaluation for a mobile, outdoor, augmented reality (AR) application. This novel system, called the battlefield augmented reality system (BARS), supports information presentation and entry for situation awareness in an urban war fighting setting. To our knowledge, this is the first time extensive use of usability engineering has been systematically applied to development of a real-world AR system. Our BARS team has applied a cost-effective progression of usability engineering activities from the very beginning of BARS development. We discuss how we first applied cycles of structured expert evaluations to BARS user interface development, employing user interface mockups representing occluded (non-visible) objects. Then we discuss how results of these evaluations informed our subsequent user-based statistical evaluations and formative evaluations, and present these evaluations and their outcomes. Finally, we discuss how and why this sequence of types of evaluation is cost-effective.
Severe glomerulonephritis and encephalopathy associated with parvovirus B19 infection mimicking systemic lupus erythematosus

sensitivity of 62–99% and a specificity of 80–98% by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (10). Crossreactivity with other flaviviruses, malaria, leptospirosis, and RF can lead to false-positive rates of up to 70% (10). As such, patients with lupus or early rheumatoid arthritis may be mistaken as having DF. Our hospital uses the Panbio IgM and IgG immunochromatography kit. The kit’s analytical specificity was examined in patients not infected with dengue. Three out of 20 serum samples from RF-positive patients were positive for dengue IgM but none for dengue IgG. All 10 samples with ANA were negative for dengue IgM and IgG indicating no cross-reactivity (11). Dengue NS1 antigen can be detected with 92% sensitivity and 100% specificity within 9 days of illness. Non-immunologically based tests, such as reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR for viral RNA from serum collected within 5 days of fever (Figure 1), are also accurate in confirming dengue infection, particularly in individuals with autoantibodies. It was necessary to exclude DF before escalating immunosuppression for lupus flare in our patient, optimally with dengue antigen or RT-PCR. Although dengue IgM alone has a high positive predictive value in our endemic region, we should be aware of its limitations. We propose a diagnostic algorithm to guide diagnosis of dengue infection in circumstances of autoantibodies, atypical disease manifestation or progression (Figure 1).
Applying the Apriori algorithm for investigating the relationships between demographic characteristics of Iranian top 100 enterprises and the strcture of their commercial website

This study was conducted with the main aim to investigate the relationships between demographic characteristics of companies and the facilities required for their commercial websites. The research samples are the top 100 Iranian companies as ranked by the Iranian Industrial Management Institute; the method applied is datamining, using Association Rules throught the Apriori algorithms. To collect the data, an aithor-modified check list has been utilized, coverig the three areas of faclities within commercial websites, i.e. fundamental, information-providing, and service-delivering facilities. having extracted the association rules between the mentioned two sets of variables, 68 rules with a confidence rate of 90% and above were obtained, and based on their significance were classified into two groups of must-have and should-have requirements; a recommended package of facilities is hitherto offered to other companies which intend to enter e-commerce through their commerical websites with regards to each company's unique demographic characteristics.
Robotic urological surgery: a perspective

The da Vinci is the state-of-the-art robotic surgical system, and until recently its competitor was the Zeus robot, but a corporate merger in 2003 resulted in Intuitive Surgical acquiring the rights to both machines. The Zeus is being phased out, making the da Vinci, with its superior performance, the unchallenged master-slave system. The basic principle involves control of three robotic arms (two for instruments, one for a three-dimensional, 3D, camera) by a surgeon seated at a console. A fourth arm for instruments has now been added. The surgeon’s finger motions are intuitively translated into movements of the robotic arms, which incorporate ‘endowrist’ technology, with six degrees of freedom (DOF). Surgical motions are enhanced by filtering of tremors and motion scaling. The 3D camera provides ¥ 6–10 magnification [4]. The main competition to the da Vinci system can be expected from ‘mechanical manipulators’, which can be used as traditional laparoscopic instruments, and are cheaper. Most of these are in the developmental stages [5].
Wave-Direction and Conduction-Velocity Analysis From Intracardiac Electrograms–A Single-Shot Technique

Atrial arrhythmias, such as atrial flutter or fibrillation, are frequent indications for catheter ablation. Recorded intracardiac electrograms (EGMs) are, however, mostly evaluated subjectively by the physicians. In this paper, we present a method to quantitatively extract the wave direction and the local conduction velocity from one single beat in a circular mapping catheter signal. We simulated typical clinical EGMs to validate the method. We then showed that even with noise, the average directional error was below 10^ and the average velocity error was below 5.4 cm/s. In a realistic atrial simulation, the method could clearly distinguish between stimuli from different pulmonary veins. We further analyzed eight clinical data segments from three patients in normal sinus rhythm and with stimulation. We obtained stable wave directions for each segment and conduction velocities between 70 and 115 cm/s. We conclude that the method allows for easy quantitative analysis of single macroscopic wavefronts in intracardiac EGMs, such as during atrial flutter or in typical clinical stimulation procedures after termination of atrial fibrillation. With corresponding simulated data, it can provide an interface to personalize electrophysiological (EP) models. Furthermore, it could be integrated into EP navigation systems to provide quantitative data of high diagnostic value to the physician.
Time point-dependent concordance of flow cytometry and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction for minimal residual disease detection in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Background Flow cytometric analysis of leukemia-associated immunophenotypes and polymerase chain reaction-based amplification of antigen-receptor genes rearrangements are reliable methods for monitoring minimal residual disease. The aim of this study was to compare the performances of these two methodologies in the detection of minimal residual disease in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Design and Methods Polymerase chain reaction and flow cytometry were simultaneously applied for prospective minimal residual disease measurements at days 15, 33 and 78 of induction therapy on 3565 samples from 1547 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia enrolled into the AIEOP-BFM ALL 2000 trial. Results The overall concordance was 80%, but different results were observed according to the time point. Most discordances were found at day 33 (concordance rate 70%) in samples that had significantly lower minimal residual disease. However, the discordance was not due to different starting materials (total versus mononucleated cells), but rather to cell input number. At day 33, cases with minimal residual disease below or above the 0.01% cut-off by both methods showed a very good outcome (5-year event-free survival, 91.6%) or a poor one (5-year event-free survival, 50.9%), respectively, whereas discordant cases showed similar event-free survival rates (around 80%). Conclusions Within the current BFM-based protocols, flow cytometry and polymerase chain reaction cannot simply substitute each other at single time points, and the concordance rates between their results depend largely on the time at which they are used. Our findings suggest a potential complementary role of the two technologies in optimizing risk stratification in future clinical trials.
Ontogenetic changes in skeletal muscle fiber type, fiber diameter and myoglobin concentration in the Northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris)

Northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) (NES) are known to be deep, long-duration divers and to sustain long-repeated patterns of breath-hold, or apnea. Some phocid dives remain within the bounds of aerobic metabolism, accompanied by physiological responses inducing lung compression, bradycardia, and peripheral vasoconstriction. Current data suggest an absence of type IIb fibers in pinniped locomotory musculature. To date, no fiber type data exist for NES, a consummate deep diver. In this study, NES were biopsied in the wild. Ontogenetic changes in skeletal muscle were revealed through succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) based fiber typing. Results indicated a predominance of uniformly shaped, large type I fibers and elevated myoglobin (Mb) concentrations in the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle of adults. No type II muscle fibers were detected in any adult sampled. This was in contrast to the juvenile animals that demonstrated type II myosin in Western Blot analysis, indicative of an ontogenetic change in skeletal muscle with maturation. These data support previous hypotheses that the absence of type II fibers indicates reliance on aerobic metabolism during dives, as well as a depressed metabolic rate and low energy locomotion. We also suggest that the lack of type IIb fibers (adults) may provide a protection against ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury in vasoconstricted peripheral skeletal muscle.
Creeping sparks:stroboscopic and stereo imaging of streamers propagating along dielectric surfaces

In medium and high voltage applications (~20 kV – 1 MV), discharges propagating along the interface between a gas and a solid insulator (dielectric) are often observed. These discharges are (potentially) harmful to equipment and are therefore unwanted. Despite the fact that these so-called creeping sparks are often observed, the physical understanding of this phenomenon is lacking. To improve this understanding and to provide for knowledge-based design rules for MV and HV applications, we investigated the streamers preceding these creeping sparks. In this research, we specifically investigate surface streamers. The measurements on surface streamers are performed in a pressurised vessel with a point-plane gap in which we place a dielectric sample. We investigated the chance of surface streamers along dielectric samples and observed that surface streamers occur at lower pressures in nitrogen (~10 − 100 ppm impurity) compared to ambient air. This is probably caused since less photo-ionisation takes place and serves as an electron source for the streamer in nitrogen than in air, making photo-emission a more important electron source in nitrogen. We also measured surface streamer velocity at TiO2-filled samples of varying thicknesses. We found that increasing pressure decreases the velocity and we distinguished a difference in velocity between different sample thicknesses at lower pressures. A combination of bulk dielectric and surface effects may be the cause. We also distinguished a significant difference in surface streamer velocity between air and nitrogen. Our conclusion is not decisive yet for this phenomenon. At last, we investigated the surface streamer path along a dielectric sample. We observed significantly more correlation in subsequent surface streamer paths in air than in nitrogen, probably caused since surface streamers in nitrogen branch a lot more than in air. This correlation, even in nitrogen, appears to be long lasting.
Learning and Validating Bayesian Network Models of Genetic Regulatory Networks

We propose a framework for learning from data and validating Bayesian network models of genetic regulatory networks. The learning phase selects multiple locally optimal models of the data and reports the best of them. The validation phase assesses the confidence in the model reported by studying all the different locally optimal models obtained in the learning phase. We prove that our proposal is asymptotically optimal under the faithfulness assumption. Experiments with real data (320 samples of the expression levels of 32 genes involved in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, i.e. baker’s yeast, pheromone response) show that our proposal is reliable.
Gender difference on the relationship between hyperuricemia and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease among Chinese

Abstract Limited evidence is available regarding the association between serum uric acid (SUA) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), especially in gender difference. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate gender difference on the association between SUA, hyperuricemia, and NAFLD in the Chinese population. A cross-sectional study was carried out in a group of 1006 Chinese adults aged between 45 and 59 years old, in the city of Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province who were attending their annual health examination in the period between July 2015 and March 2017. Face-to-face interviews were conducted using a written questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the associations between SUA, hyperuricemia, and NAFLD with adjustment of potential confounding variables. Wald tests were used to for heterogeneity between males and females. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), waist–hip ratio (WHR), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), triglycerides (TG), SUA, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), asparagine aminotransferase (AST), and the prevalence of hypertension, hyperuricemia, and NAFLD were significantly higher in male than in female (P < .05). Females had the significantly higher levels of total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein–cholesterol (HDL-C). Simple correlation analysis showed that SUA was positively associated with BMI, WC, WHR, TG, ALT, AST and inversely associated with age and HDL-C. After adjusting for confounders, hyperuricemia was associated with an increased risk of NAFLD in both genders, with odds ratio (95%confidence interval) of 2.645 (1.213–5.768), 1.962 (1.051–3.661), respectively. There was a significant association in NAFLD found in males, compared with females (Wald = 118.589, df = 1, P < .0001). Our findings indicated that the association of SUA with NAFLD was much more closely related in males than in females. Males with hyperuricemia had the higher risk of NAFLD. Further longitudinal studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Disappearance of the Epstein–Barr virus in a relapse of Hodgkin's disease

Hodgkin's disease (HD) is associated with the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) in approximately half of cases. This is a report of a case of nodular sclerosing HD of the B‐cell type that was associated with EBV in the initial manifestation, but was found to be EBV‐negative in the relapse of the tumour. Both tumours displayed similar clinical, pathological, and immunohistochemical features. This finding implies that in a given individual EBV can be lost from malignant tumours and therefore shows that the EBV infection is not required to maintain neoplastic growth of HD tumour cells. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A phase I trial of the novel proteasome inhibitor PS341 in advanced solid tumor malignancies.

PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to evaluate the toxicity and pharmacodynamic behavior of the novel proteasome inhibitor PS341 administered as a twice weekly i.v. bolus for 2 weeks, followed by a 1-week recovery period in patients with advanced solid tumor malignancies. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN In this Phase I trial, 43 patients were treated with PS341 in doses ranging from 0.13 to 1.56 mg/m2/dose. A standard Phase I design was used. Pharmacodynamic studies were performed to access 20S proteasome activity. RESULTS Forty-three patients were treated with 89 cycles of PS341. Patients were heavily pretreated. Dose-limiting toxicities on this schedule were diarrhea and sensory neurotoxicity. Other side effects seen were fatigue, fever, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, rash, pruritus, and headache. There was no dose-limiting hematological toxicity. A dose-related inhibition of 20S proteasome activity with increasing dose of PS341 was seen. There was one major response in a patient with refractory non-small cell lung carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS Given the results of this trial, it is safe and reasonable to recommend treatment with PS341 on the schedule used in this trial at 1.56 mg/m2/dose in Phase II trials. Particular care should be taken with patients with preexisting neuropathy. Further testing in Phase II trials is warranted.