Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effectiveness of Compassion-Focused Therapy on Resiliency, Self-discrepancy, Hope and Psychological Well-being of Menopausal Women in Ahvaz

Background and Objective: Menopause, or cession of menstruation, is a transition sign from fertility to infertility, during which women suffer from many physical and mental issues. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of compassion focused therapy on resiliency, self-discrepancy, hope and psychological well-being of menopausal women in Ahvaz. Materials and Methods: The research method was experimental, pretest-posttest with control group. Participants included 60 people who were selected by convenience sampling method: 30 participants in the experimental group and 30 in the control group were randomly assigned and the intervention was conducted for the experimental group The study instrument included Resiliency Questionnaire, Self-discrepancy Questionnaire, Hope Questionnaire, and Psychological Well-being Scale. Data were analyzed using one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) by SPSS-22. Results: The mean (SD) age of women in the experimental group was 56.1 (3.3) and 55.7 (3.1) in the control group. The mean (SD) resiliency score in the pre-test of the experimental group was 47.7 (11.8), which increased to 55.8 (11.3) in the post-test, self-discrepancy decreased from 99.9 (12) to 85.6 (12.3), hope from 171.2 (19.7) to 189.7 (20.5) and psychological well-being increased from 34.9 (4.4) to 38.9 (4.5), but there was no significant change in the mean scores of the control group. Conclusion: Compassion-focused therapy improved resiliency, hope and psychological well-being and decreased self-discrepancy in postmenopausal women.
Expectations, Learning and Macroeconomic Persistence

This paper presents an estimated model with learning and provides evidence that learning can improve the fit of popular monetary DSGE models and endogenously generate realistic levels of persistence. The paper starts with an agnostic view, developing a model that nests learning and some of the structural sources of persistence, such as habit formation in consumption and inflation indexation, that are typically needed in monetary models with rational expectations to match the persistence of macroeconomic variables. I estimate the model by likelihood-based Bayesian methods, which allow the estimation of the learning gain coefficient jointly with the "deep" parameters of the economy. The empirical results show that when learning replaces rational expectations, the estimated degrees of habits and indexation drop near zero. This ? nding suggests that persistence arises in the model economy mainly from expectations and learning. The posterior model probabilities show that the specification with learning fits significantly better than does the specification with rational expectations. Finally, if learning rather than mechanical sources of persistence provides a more appropriate representation of the economy, the implied optimal policy will be different. The policymaker will also incur substantial costs from misspecifying private expectations formation.
STUDY CHOICE WITH DIFFICULT-TO-READ TEXT

Results from this experimental study indicate that naïve theories of intelligence do not play a significant role in the formation of students’ judgments of learning (JOL) or students’ study choices when reading text that is difficult to process. Students’ JOL tended to be fairly accurate indicators of performance on a comprehension assessment, but these judgments were not used as a basis for students’ study choices. The evidence from this study suggests that students’ self-efficacy beliefs in reading may serve as a basis for such choices.
Multipolar Approach for Description of Bremsstrahlung During-Decay and Unified Formula of the Bremsstrahlung Probability

Improved multipolar model of photon bremsstrahlung accompanying -decay is presented. A special emphasis is given to the development of an angular formalism of matrix elements. The model gives values of the angular probability of the emission of photons in the absolute scale, without its normalization on experimental data. Spectra calculated on the basis of the model are found in a good agreement with the newest experimental data for the 210 Po, 214 Po, and 226 Ra nuclei. A unified formula for the bremsstrahlung, probability during the -decay of an arbitrary nucleus, defined directly on Q -value and numbers Ad, Zd of nucleons and protons of this nucleus, has been constructed for the first time. Inside the region of the -decaying nuclei from 106 Te up to nucleus with Ap = 266 and Zp = 109 at energy of the photons emitted from 50 keV up to 900 keV a good coincidence has been achieved between the spectra obtained by the multipolar model (where duration of calculations for one selected nucleus is up to 1 day), and the spectra obtained by the unified formula (where duration of calculations is about some seconds, using the same computer). Pacs: 23.60. +e, 41.60. -m, 23.20. Js, 03.65. Xp, 27.80. +w
Consequences of sequences: Studies on convergent and divergent elements of neorotical inhibitory microcircuits

4.1 Input and frequency specific entrainment of postsynaptic firing by IPSPs of perisomatic or dendritic origin………………………………………………………………13 4.2 β and γ frequency synchronization by dendritic GABAergic synapses and gap junctions in a network of cortical interneurons………………………………………. …. 29 Brain functions are carried out by densely connected networks of neurons. One of the recent aims of neuroscience research is to understand the contributions and impacts of single neurons in the information flow in these networks. During my Ph.D. studies I focused on two aspects of information processing in neocortical circuits: divergence of signaling in separate inhibitory networks and temporal and spatial convergence of two inputs on single cells. Wiring of the cortex The human brain contains an extraordinary number (approximately 28·10 9) of neurons, the basic units of the brain, and approximately the same number of glial cells. The human cerebral cortex, the most elaborated living structure, is responsible for higher order brain functions such as perception, cognition and consciousness. Despite the complexity, fundamental cortical structure and basic cells types appear similar from individual to individual within a species, and species to species within mammals. Mammalian neocortices show a uniform horizontal and vertical organization: they form six anatomical layers and functional columns. Ramon y Cajal noticed over a century ago (1893) that neurons found in any cortical area are far from being uniform regarding their morphology and connectivity. This heterogeneity suggests that they interact with each other in a complex and diverse manner. Neurons have two morphologically different processes: axons and dendrites. Dendrites receive and locally process inputs then transmit incoming signals towards the cell body. Output impulses are generated in relatively proximal regions of axons and propagate to the axon terminals to activate synapses. Cortical neurons are connected to each other and to subcortical areas by a vast number of synapses (~10 12). These chemical synapses transform all-or-none action potentials of the presynaptic axon into graded responses in postsynaptic neurons. Cortical neurons, therefore, integrate and process signals arriving from lower brain areas and other cortical structures within the framework of their connections. The complexity of cortical operations, therefore, depends both on the specialized characteristics of individual neurons and also on their precisely organized connections. The cerebral cortex has two major types of neurons: principal or pyramidal cells and local interneurons. Pyramidal cells use the excitatory amino acid glutamate as neurotransmitter and send axons to neighbouring and distal cortical and subcortical areas. They provide …
Investigating relevant aspects of MOEAs for protein structures prediction

Several computational models have been developed in the context of the Protein Structure Prediction (PSP) problem. These methods involve a combinatorial problem and can be solved using optimizing algorithms in order to search for a global minimum energy. Genetic Algorithms (GAs) have produced relevant results in this area. Several energies in the protein are known to be directly responsible for the stabilization of their structures. These energies can represent each objective of multiobjective evolutionary algorithms. Many techniques, as the NSGA-II, are used to deal with the multi-objective approach for proteins, however they are not adequate for the PSP problem. New strategies have been sought with multiple criteria. In this context, this paper introduces the application of multiobjective evolutionary algorithm on tables algorithm to the PSP problem. In order to evaluate this approach, we compare it with the well-known NSGA-II algorithm. The new approach investigated for PSP can generate protein structures with energies significantly smaller than those generated by the NSGA-II.
Joint statistics of acceleration and vorticity in fully developed turbulence

We report results from a high-resolution numerical study of fluid particles transported by a fully developed turbulent flow at R λ = 280. Single-particle trajectories were followed for a time range spanning more than three decades, from less than a tenth of the Kolmogorov timescale up to one large-eddy turnover time. We present results concerning acceleration statistics and the statistics of trapping by vortex filaments conditioned to the local values of vorticity and enstrophy. We found that a suitable observable, a ⊥ = a × v, connected to the centripetal acceleration, is strongly sensitive to the trapping of particles into vortex filaments. In particular, we found that its sign may persist up to 10–15 τη, while the typical oscillation of the longitudinal acceleration happens on a time lag of a few τη.
DNA polymerase fidelity and the polymerase chain reaction.

High-fidelity DNA synthesis conditions are those that exploit the inherent ability of polymerases to discriminate against errors. This review has described several experimental approaches for controlling the fidelity of enzymatic DNA amplification. One of the most important parameters to consider is the choice of which polymerase to use in PCR. As demonstrated by the data in Tables 2 and 3, high-fidelity DNA amplification will be best achieved by using a polymerase with an active 3'-->5' proofreading exonuclease activity (Fig. 1E). For those enzymes that are proofreading-deficient, the in vitro reaction conditions can significantly influence the polymerase error rates. To maximize fidelity at the dNTP insertion step (Fig. 1A,B), any type of deoxynucleoside triphosphate pool imbalance should be avoided. Similarly, stabilization of errors by polymerase extension from mispaired or misaligned primer-termini (Fig. 1D) can be minimized by reactions using short synthesis times, low dNTP concentrations, and low enzyme concentrations. Additional improvements in fidelity can be made by further manipulating the reaction conditions. To perform high-fidelity PCR with Taq polymerase, reactions should contain a low MgCl2 concentration, not in large excess over the total concentration of dNTP substrates, and be buffered to approximately pH 6 (70 degrees C) using Bis-Tris Propane or PIPES (Table 2). These buffers have a pKa between pH 6 and pH 7 and a small temperature coefficient (delta pKa/degree C), allowing the pH to be maintained stably throughout the PCR cycle. For amplifications in which fidelity is the critical issue, one should avoid the concept that conditions generating more DNA product are the better conditions. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Effect of Ecological Restoration on Body Condition of a Predator

Ecological restoration attempts to recover the structure and function of ecosystems that have been degraded by human activities. A crucial test of ecosystem recovery would be to determine whether individuals in restored environments are as healthy as those in conserved environments. However, the impact of restoration on physiology of terrestrial animals has never been tested. Here, we evaluated the effect of two restoration methods on body condition measured as body size, body mass, lipid and muscle content of the spider Nephila clavipes in a tropical dry forest that has suffered chronic disturbance due to cattle grazing. We used experimental plots that had been excluded from disturbance by cattle grazing during eight years. Plots were either planted with native trees (i. e. maximal intervention), or only excluded from disturbance (i. e. minimal intervention), and were compared with control conserved (remnants of original forest) and disturbed plots (where cattle is allowed to graze). We predicted (1) better body condition in spiders of conserved and restored sites, compared to disturbed sites, and (2) better body condition in plots with maximal intervention than in plots with minimal intervention. The first prediction was not supported in males or females, and the second prediction was only supported in females: body dry mass was higher in planted than in conserved plots for spiders of both sexes and also higher that in disturbed plots for males, suggesting that plantings are providing more resources. We discuss how different life histories and environmental pressures, such as food availability, parasitism, and competition for resources can explain our contrasting findings in male and female spiders. By studying animal physiology in restoration experiments it is possible to understand the mechanistic basis of ecological and evolutionary processes that determine success of ecological restoration.
A survey of multi-agent formation control : Position-, displacement-, and distance-based approaches

This report presents a brief survey of formation control of multi-agent systems. Focusing on types of actively controlled variables to achieve prescribed desired formations, we categorize the existing results on formation control into position, displacement-, and distance-based approaches. We summarize typical problem formulations in the approaches and review the existing results. Then, we provide some comments on these approaches as well as possible future research directions. Some other important recent results are also briefly reviewed.
The effects of multiple exemplar instruction on the induction of naming in older children and young adults diagnosed with autism

The current project included both conceptual and empirical findings in the field of naming. Conceptually, naming appears to be a generic term that describes several sub-components. The current research focused on one of these sub-components, Full Incidental Naming (FIN), defined as the emergence of untaught listener behaviour and untaught speaker behaviour following an incidental language experience or a match-to-sample (MTS) procedure. Empirically, the initial purpose of the current research was to test the effectiveness of Multiple Exemplar Instruction (MEI) to induce FIN in older children and young adults diagnosed with autism. Because the results of the initial experiments were not as expected, some variations to the experimental procedures were implemented. An analysis of the results of the initial experiments raised additional questions about the measurement of FIN. A series of nine experiments were conducted: six with older children and young adults diagnosed with autism, and three with neuro-typical fully verbal adults. The three experiments with adults focused on the measurement of FIN and the results of these experiments determined the experimental procedure utilised in later experiments. This adaptation to the experimental procedure included conducting an additional MTS session prior to each test for FIN. The results showed that MEI did not reliably induce FIN in older children and young adults diagnosed with autism. Instead, the repetition of the test for FIN, with an additional MTS procedure prior to each test, potentially led to the inducement of FIN. Recommendations are made for future research based on these findings.
Loss of WNT-TCF addiction and enhancement of HH-GLI1 signalling define the metastatic transition of human colon carcinomas

Previous studies demonstrate the initiation of colon cancers through deregulation of WNT‐TCF signalling. An accepted but untested extension of this finding is that incurable metastatic colon carcinomas (CCs) universally remain WNT‐TCF‐dependent, prompting the search for WNT‐TCF inhibitors. CCs and their stem cells also require Hedgehog (HH)‐GLI1 activity, but how these pathways interact is unclear. Here we define coincident high‐to‐low WNT‐TCF and low‐to‐high HH‐GLI transitions in patient CCs, most strikingly in their CD133+ stem cells, that mark the development of metastases. We find that enhanced HH‐GLI mimics this transition, driving also an embryonic stem (ES)‐like stemness signature and that GLI1 can be regulated by multiple CC oncogenes. The data support a model in which the metastatic transition involves the acquisition or enhancement of a more primitive ES‐like phenotype, and the downregulation of the early WNT‐TCF programme, driven by oncogene‐regulated high GLI1 activity. Consistently, TCF blockade does not generally inhibit tumour growth; instead, it, like enhanced HH‐GLI, promotes metastatic growth in vivo. Treatments for metastatic disease should therefore block HH‐GLI1 but not WNT‐TCF activities.
Oxidation of 2-Hydroxynevirapine, a Phenolic Metabolite of the Anti-HIV Drug Nevirapine: Evidence for an Unusual Pyridine Ring Contraction

Nevirapine (NVP) is an anti-HIV drug associated with severe hepatotoxicity and skin rashes, which raises concerns about its chronic administration. There is increasing evidence that metabolic activation to reactive electrophiles capable of reacting with bionucleophiles is likely to be involved in the initiation of these toxic responses. Phase I NVP metabolism involves oxidation of the 4-methyl substituent and the formation of phenolic derivatives that are conceivably capable of undergoing further metabolic oxidation to electrophilic quinoid species prone to react with bionucleophiles. The covalent adducts thus formed might be at the genesis of toxic responses. As part of a program aimed at evaluating the possible contribution of quinoid derivatives of Phase I phenolic NVP metabolites to the toxic responses elicited by the parent drug, we have investigated the oxidation of 2-hydroxy-NVP with dipotassium nitroso-disulfonate (Frémy’s salt), mimicking the one-electron oxidation involved in enzyme-mediated metabolic oxidations. We report herein the isolation and full structural characterization of a 1H-pyrrole-2,5-dione derivative as a major product, stemming from an unusual pyridine ring contraction.
Maternal sensitivity, its relationship with child outcomes, and interventions that address it: a systematic literature review

ABSTRACT There is strong evidence that children of mothers with insecure attachment styles have poor outcome trajectories. Maternal sensitivity may be the behaviour which links mother and child attachment models. This would, therefore, be a natural target for treatment in attachment interventions. A systematic literature review was conducted to determine the body of knowledge regarding maternal sensitivity, with a focus on the evidence-base for maternal sensitivity measures and interventions. We searched the PsychINFO and Medline databases up to December 2016, for peer-reviewed journal articles with ‘maternal sensitivity’ in the subject heading, MeSH Terms or abstract fields. One thousand four hundred and fifteen articles were retrieved. Following removal of duplicates and non-relevant material, 687 articles reviewed and categorized. There is extensive research linking maternal sensitivity, attachment, and child outcomes. Far fewer articles exist of published maternal sensitivity measures or interventions. At present, the evidence-base for directly affecting attachment via maternal sensitivity interventions is equivocal.
Fractional Brownian Motion and the Markov Property

Fractional Brownian motion belongs to a class of long memory Gaussian processes that can be represented as linear functionals of an infinite dimensional Markov process. This leads naturally to: An efficient algorithm to approximate the process. An ergodic theorem which applies to functionals of the type $$\int_0^t \phi(V_h(s)),ds \quad\text{where}\quad V_h(s)=\int_0^s h(s-u), dB_u,. $$ where $B$ is a real Brownian motion.
The Effect of Control-released Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Wound Healing: Histological Analyses and Clinical Application

Background: Basic fibroblast growth factors (bFGFs) play a crucial role in wound healing by promoting fibroblast proliferation and neovascularization. However, drawback of bFGF is short half-life in free form. Gelatin has a capability of sustaining growth factors, which are gradually released while degradation. The purpose of this study is to see whether bFGF-impregnated gelatin sheet is effective in a murine model and whether it could also be available for patients in a safe manner. Methods: Full-thickness skin defect was created on C57BL/6J mice and covered with bFGF with gelatin sheet (group A), bFGF without gelatin sheet (group B), phosphate buffer saline (PBS) with gelatin sheet (group C), and only PBS (group D). Wound healing was evaluated in terms of percent wound closure, granulation thickness, wound maturity, and vascular density. Clinical trial was conducted for patients who received either acute or chronic ulcers. The sheets were put onto the wounds and covered by hydrocolloid dressing, which was changed weekly. Results: Groups A and B exhibited better wound healing than groups C and D in all aspects. Moreover, group A showed better results than group B at day 7 in terms of wound closure, collagen maturity, and vascularity. Efficacy without any adverse events was found in the clinical series. Conclusions: These findings suggest that control-released bFGF using gelatin sheet is effective for promoting wound healing. Such therapeutic strategy was considered to offer several clinical advantages including rapid healing and reduction of the dressing change with less patient discomfort.
Persistent zinc depletion in the mossy fiber terminals in the intrahippocampal kainate mouse model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

Purpose: Zinc is released in synaptic vesicles with glutamate, and modulates glutamatergic neurotransmission. In brain, the highest amount of zinc, detected by Timm staining, is in the mossy fiber (MF) system in the hippocampus. In the intrahippocampal kainate (KA) mouse model of mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, which is elicited by intrahippocampal KA, prominent MF sprouting develops rapidly within 2 weeks post‐KA. However, the intensity of Timm staining is reduced gradually thereafter. The present study is designed to determine the mechanisms underlying this reduction of Timm staining.
Effect of Red Orange Juice Consumption on Body Composition and Nutritional Status in Overweight/Obese Female: A Pilot Study

The main objective of this research was to determine whether a commercial orange juice rich in anthocyanins could have an effect on body weight and on clinical parameters related to obesity including antioxidant status, lipid profile, and metabolic and inflammatory biomarkers. 11 women with an average BMI of 34.4 ± 4.8 kg/m2 were enrolled in a pilot study. Over a period of 12 weeks they received 500 mL daily dose into two doses (250 mL) of commercial red orange juice (COJ). The biochemical parameters were measured at baseline and at the end of the study (12 weeks). One month later upon free diet, a follow-up was performed measuring the same variables. The daily consumption of 500 mL of COJ had no significant effects on body weight, while there was a decrease in total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. The grade of obesity implies different changes in inflammation biomarkers. In obese women, our data do not seem to support evidence that commercial red orange juice consumption acts as functional food preventing obesity and metabolic disorders such as insulin resistance and/or inflammatory status.