Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Strathprints Institutional Repository the Role of Attention in Binding Visual Features in Working Memory: Evidence from Cognitive Ageing. Binding in Visual Working Memory 4

(2010) The role of attention in binding visual features in working memory : evidence from cognitive ageing. Strathprints is designed to allow users to access the research output of the University of Strathclyde. Unless otherwise explicitly stated on the manuscript, Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Please check the manuscript for details of any other licences that may have been applied. You may not engage in further distribution of the material for any profitmaking activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute both the url (http://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/) and the content of this paper for research or private study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge. (2010). The role of attention in binding visual features in working memory: evidence from cognitive ageing. Abstract Two experiments were conducted to assess the costs of attentional load during a feature (colour-shape) binding task in younger and older adults. Experiment 1 showed that a demanding backwards counting task, which draws upon central executive/general attentional resources, reduced binding to a greater extent than individual feature memory, but the effect was no greater in older than younger adults. Experiment 2 showed that presenting memory items sequentially rather than simultaneously, such that items are required to be maintained while new representations are created, selectively affects binding performance in both age groups. Although this experiment exhibited an age-related binding deficit overall, both age groups were affected by the attention manipulation to an equal extent. While a role for attentional processes in colour-shape binding was apparent across both experiments, manipulations of attention exerted equal effects in both age groups. We therefore conclude that age-related binding deficits neither emerge nor are exacerbated under conditions of high attentional load. Implications for theories of visual working memory and cognitive ageing are discussed. The ability to remember visual material such as objects and faces over a short period of time decreases with age (see Reuter-Lorenz & Sylvester, 2005, for a review). While several hypotheses have been offered for general working memory decline (e. , relatively little research has been specifically devoted to understanding age-related decline in visual working memory. This is surprising given that working memory deficits for visuo-spatial material have been shown to be more severe than those observed for verbal material (e.g. hypothesised source of visual working memory decline is an age-related impairment in the ability …
The Rhetoric and Relevance of IS Research Paradigms: Conceptual Foundations and Empirical Evidence

This paper discusses the relevance of IS research with respect to the rhetoric associated with the three major IS research paradigms in use - positivism, constructivism/interpretivism and critical research. The conceptual discussion is framed in terms of the following dimensions: ontological, epistemological and methodological assumptions, relationship between theory and practice, and the role of the researcher in the research process. Based on this discussion, we propose a conceptual model to study the relationship between the espoused philosophical assumptions of researchers and the degree of relevance of researchers’ knowledge claims. This conceptual model was evaluated with data obtained from a survey of IS academics who are ISWorld subscribers. The survey produced 112 responses and analysis of the data indicates that the variation in the degree of relevance of knowledge claims as targeted toward different stakeholders (i.e., practitioners, scholars, educators, users, politicians, economists, citizens, society, nation, and global) can be explained by the researchers’ espoused framework, the context of research, degree of sustainability desired for knowledge claims, and the type of research being conducted. Furthermore, post-hoc analysis using multiple comparisons indicates that there is no statistical difference between researchers from different philosophical perspectives and that there is a common focus on the bottom line impact of researchers’ knowledge claims on stakeholders. Thus, for example, interpretivists’ espoused paradigms are somewhat in contrast to their emphasis on achieving relevance for practice as well as theory. We did find one exception to this conclusion - a significant difference exists between respondents who identity themselves as interpretivists/constructivists and positivists in terms of the degree of relevance to citizens, with the former being substantially higher than the latter. We also found that there is a significant difference between those who claim to conduct basic research versus those who either conduct applied research or both basic and applied research in terms of the relevance of their knowledge claims for practitioners, educators, and users.
Detailed Simulation of Flow in Continuous Casting of Steel using K-ε , LES , and PIV

During the continuous casting of steel, transient flow events can be very important to the generation of quality problems. These transient phenomena can be computationally modeled using Large Eddy Simulation (LES) models while conventional K-ε models yield time-averaged results. Recently, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) has been applied to measure quantitatively the transient velocity fields in water models of this process. Results using all three methods compare favorably and give new insight into the flow phenomena. The slide gate creates a strong swirl at the outlet ports of the nozzle, which is also predicted using a K-ε model. The inlet swirl is seen to persist more than halfway across the mold, causing a characteristic staircase velocity vector pattern in the PIV measurements when viewed in a plane parallel to the wide faces. Flow across the top surface was found in PIV to contain periods of 5-10s when the velocities were three to four times their mean values. This is likely related to inlet conditions and is important to the shear entrainment of the liquid flux at the top surface and level fluctuations. In both LES and PIV, the upper roll structure evolves chaotically between a single large recirculation structure and a set of distinct vortices. The lower rolls in PIV are significantly asymmetric for very long periods of time (~ 1-hour) and go through a repeating sequence of features. One of these features involves a short circuit between the upward and downward flow in the lower roll, which is also seen in the simulation. This appears to be inherent to the turbulent nature of the flow and is likely important to inclusion particle and bubble entrapment.
Mechanism for muscarinic inhibition of I is determined by the path Ca(L) for elevating cyclic AMP in cardiac myocytes

Objective: Does carbachol (CCh) require NO/cGMP for inhibition of L-type calcium current ( I ) when either adenylyl cyclase Ca(L) activation or phosphodiesterase suppression is used to raise cAMP? Methods: The effects of the NO donor SIN-1 (3-morpholino-sydnonimine), CCh and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) were evaluated when I had been stimulated by isoproterenol (ISO) or Ca(L) 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX) in guinea pig isolated ventricular myocytes (35 8 C). Results: Carbachol, SIN-1 or ANP did not affect basal I ; each inhibited IBMX-stimulated I . Dialyzed (30–100 m M) ODQ (1 H -(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one), a Ca(L) Ca(L) soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) inactivator, blocked inhibition of IBMX-stimulated I by SIN-1 (10 m M) but not by CCh (1–100 m M) Ca(L) or ANP (100 nM). Dialysis with 3 m M LY83583 (6-anilino-5,8-quinolinedione), a particulate (pGC) and sGC inactivator, opposed muscarinic-, ANP- and SIN-1-induced inhibition of IBMX-stimulated I . Thus CCh can increase cGMP synthesis via pGC. Even with Ca(L) 100 m M [LY83583] , CCh inhibited ISO-stimulated I , an effect referable to suppression of adenylyl cyclase activity. However, 3 pip Ca(L) m M [LY83583] prevented inhibition of ISO-stimulated I by ANP. [LY83583] did not affect inhibition by 8 bromo-cGMP (100 pip Ca(L) pip m M) of ISO- or IBMX-stimulated I . The observations indicate that: (1) myocytes have ODQ-sensitive sGC activated by NO and Ca(L) LY8353-sensitive pGC activated by ANP, (2) CCh does not inhibit I via NO, (3) the mechanism for muscarinic inhibition depends Ca(L) upon the cAMP-elevating agent and (4) LY83583 distinguishes between two pathways for muscarinic inhibition. Conclusion: The nature of the stimulant pathway that increases cAMP determines intracellular transduction of muscarinic inhibition. This hypothesis accords with distinct cyclic nucleotide compartments for the differential expression of muscarinic inhibition of I . (cid:211)
Activation of NK cells and disruption of PD-L1/PD-1 axis: two different ways for lenalidomide to block myeloma progression

Natural Killer (NK) cells play a critical role against tumor cells in hematological malignancies. Their activating receptors are essential in tumor cell killing. In Multiple Myeloma (MM) patients, NK cell differentiation, activation and cytotoxic potential are strongly impaired leading to MM escape from immune surveillance in tissues and bone marrow. Mechanisms used by MM to affect NK cell functions are mediated by the release of soluble factors, the expression of activating and inhibitory NK cell ligands, and the expression of immune check-point inhibitors. Lenalidomide represents an efficient clinical approach in MM treatment to improve patients’ survival. Lenalidomide does not only promotes tumor apoptosis, but also stimulates T and NK cells, thereby facilitating NK-mediated tumor recognition and killing. This occurs since Lenalidomide acts on several critical points: stimulates T cell proliferation and cytokine secretion; decreases the expression of the immune check-point inhibitor Programmed Death-1 (PD-1) on both T and NK cells in MM patients; decreases the expression of both PD-1 and PD-L1 on MM cells; promotes MM cell death and abrogates MM/stromal microenvironment cross-talk, a process known to promote the MM cell survival and proliferation. This leads to the inhibition of the negative signal induced by PD-1/PD-L1 axis on NK cells, restoring NK cell cytotoxic functions. Given the importance of an effective immune response to counteract the MM progression and the promising approaches using anti-PD-1/PD-L1 strategies, we will discuss in this review how Lenalidomide could represent an adequate approach to re-establish the recognition against MM by exhausted NK cell.
a CCT-domain containing gene affects maize adaptation as a 1 repressor and upstream of ZmCCT 2 3

3 Authors: Minliang Jin † (blueskyzixuan@163.com), Xiangguo Liu † 4 (lxgyyj@cjaas.com), Wei Jia (jiawein@163.com), Haijun Liu (heroalone@qq.com), 5 Wenqiang Li (429416471@qq.com), Yong Peng (1479065990@qq.com), Yanfang 6 Du (yanfangdu@webmail.hzau.edu.cn), Yuebin Wang (1310214636@qq.com), 7 Yuejia Yin (yyjqishi@163.com), Xuehai Zhang (xuehai85@126.com), Qing Liu 8 (liuqing892@163.com), Min Deng (hdengmin@163.com), Nan Li 9 (tinbon7@163.com), Xiyan Cui (cuixiyan2005@163.com), Dongyun Hao 10 (dyhao@cjaas.com)& Jianbing Yan (yjianbing@mail.hzau.edu.cn) 11 National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural 12 University, Wuhan 430070, China 13 Biotechnology Research Centre, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun 14 130033, China 15 College of Life Sciences, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130033, China 16 These authors contributed equally to this work 17 Correspondence should be addressed to J.Y. (Phone: 86-27-87280110) 18
Serum amyloid P component prevents proteolysis of the amyloid fibrils of Alzheimer disease and systemic amyloidosis.

Extracellular deposition of amyloid fibrils is responsible for the pathology in the systemic amyloidoses and probably also in Alzheimer disease [Haass, C. & Selkoe, D. J. (1993) Cell 75, 1039-1042] and type II diabetes mellitus [Lorenzo, A. , Razzaboni, B. , Weir, G. C. & Yankner, B. A. (1994) Nature (London) 368, 756-760]. The fibrils themselves are relatively resistant to proteolysis in vitro but amyloid deposits do regress in vivo, usually with clinical benefit, if new amyloid fibril formation can be halted. Serum amyloid P component (SAP) binds to all types of amyloid fibrils and is a universal constituent of amyloid deposits, including the plaques, amorphous amyloid beta protein deposits and neurofibrillary tangles of Alzheimer disease [Coria, F. , Castano, E. , Prelli, F. , Larrondo-Lillo, M. , van Duinen, S. , Shelanski, M. L. & Frangione, B. (1988) Lab. Invest. 58, 454-458; Duong, T. , Pommier, E. C. & Scheibel, A. B. (1989) Acta Neuropathol. 78, 429-437]. Here we show that SAP prevents proteolysis of the amyloid fibrils of Alzheimer disease, of systemic amyloid A amyloidosis and of systemic monoclonal light chain amyloidosis and may thereby contribute to their persistence in vivo. SAP is not an enzyme inhibitor and is protective only when bound to the fibrils. Interference with binding of SAP to amyloid fibrils in vivo is thus an attractive therapeutic objective, achievement of which should promote regression of the deposits.
Trends in cardiovascular mortality in patients with rheumatoid arthritis over 50 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort studies.

OBJECTIVES RA is known to be associated with a high cardiovascular (CV) risk. Longitudinal data suggest that RA disease course may have become milder over the past decades. Thus, we set out to estimate the magnitude of the overall increase in CV mortality associated with RA and to determine whether it has decreased over the past 50 years. METHODS We performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis of literature in MEDLINE and EMBASE databases from January 1960 to November 2008. All cohort studies reporting CV mortality risk were included. We then calculated pooled standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) of CV mortality, and determined their evolution with time using meta-regression analysis. RESULTS Seventeen studies were analysed, corresponding to a total of 91 916 patients. The overall pooled SMR was 1.6 (95% CI 1.5, 1.8; I(2) = 93%; P(het) < 0.0001). Mid-cohort year ranged from 1945 to 1995 (<1980, seven studies; 1980-90, five studies; >1990, five studies). Meta-regression analyses revealed neither any trend in SMR over time (P = 0.784) nor any relation with disease duration at the time of inclusion (P = 0.513). CONCLUSIONS Our results show that RA is associated with a 60% increase in risk of CV death compared with general population. Despite changes in RA course over the past decades, SMR for CV death has not changed. This suggests that targeting a reduction in CV mortality should still be considered as a major issue in RA.
Theory Into Practice in Career Assessment for Women: Assessment and Interventions Regarding Perceived Career Barriers

This article discusses how theory may be translated into practice in assessing women's perceived career barriers. It describes a theoretical perspective that is useful in considering the construct of perceived barriers, namely, social cognitive career theory (Lent, Brown, & Hackett, 1994), and summarizes the empirical literature regarding barriers, with particular attention to practical applications of the evidence. It then discusses how counselors might assess women's perceived barriers during career counseling and possible counseling interventions to address clients' identified barriers.
Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases New Insight on Epidemiology and Management of Bacterial Bloodstream Infection in Patients with Hematological Malignancies

Bloodstream infections (BSI) are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in onco-hematologic patients. The Gram-negative bacteria were the main responsible for the febrile neutropenia in the sixties; their impact declined due to the use of fluoroquinolone prophylaxis. This situation was followed by the gradual emergence of Gram-positive bacteria also following the increased use of intravascular devices and the introduction of new chemotherapeutic strategies. In the last decade, the Gram-negative etiology is raising again because of the emergence of resistant strains that make questionable the usefulness of current strategies for prophylaxis and empirical treatment. Gram-negative BSI attributable mortality is relevant, and the appropriate empirical treatment significantly improves the prognosis; on the other hand the adequate delayed treatment of Gram-positive BSI does not seem to have a high impact on survival. The clinician has to be aware of the epidemiology of his institution and colonizations of his patients to choose the most appropriate empiric therapy. In a setting of high endemicity of multidrug-resistant infections also the choice of targeted therapy can be a challenge, often requiring strategies based on off-label prescriptions and low grade evidence. In this review, we summarize the current evidence for the best targeted therapies for difficult to treat bacteria BSIs and future perspectives in this topic. We also provide a flow chart for a rational approach to the empirical treatment of febrile neutropenia in a multidrug resistant, high prevalence setting. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Emerging Bacterial Infection in Hematological Neutropenic Patients. Although in the last decades noteworthy improvements have been achieved in the management of hematologic cancer patients, infections persist as leading cause of morbidity and mortality particularly during the cytotoxic neutropenia, defined as a neutrophil count < 500/mmc. 1,2 Respiratory tract infections occur very often, followed by bloodstream infections (BSI), urinary tract infections, skin/skin structure infections and oro-pharynx/gastrointestinal tract infections. 2 In this paper, we shall focus only on BSI. These infections, mostly caused by bacteria, range from 11 to 38% mortality in neutropenic patients, 3,4 with an unknown origin in most cases (oropharyngeal and gastrointestinal tract are assumed as probable sources). As shown in figure 1, the etiology of BSI has changed through the years. Since 1960, the importance of Gram-negative bacilli in BSI began …
The Financial Clouds Review

This paper demonstrates financial enterprise portability, which involves moving entire application services from desktops to clouds and between different clouds, and is transparent to users who can work as if on their familiar systems. To demonstrate portability, reviews for several financial models are studied, where Monte Carlo Methods MCM and Black Scholes Model BSM are chosen. A special technique in MCM, Least Square Methods, is used to reduce errors while performing accurate calculations. Simulations for MCM are performed on different types of Clouds. Benchmark and experimental results are presented for discussion. 3D Black Scholes are used to explain the impacts and added values for risk analysis. Implications for banking are also discussed, as well as ways to track risks in order to improve accuracy. A conceptual Cloud platform is used to explain the contributions in Financial Software as a Service FSaaS and the IBM Fined Grained Security Framework. This study demonstrates portability, speed, accuracy, and reliability of applications in the clouds, while demonstrating portability for FSaaS and the Cloud Computing Business Framework CCBF.
Coping with a Limited Capacity to Punish: A Replication

This project replicated a study by Farnworth, Golden and Tester in 1991 to determine if alternate sentencing practices, such as charge reductions and probation, were being used to decrease prison populations and lessen the burden on the criminal justice system as a whole. The previous article sought to support earlier findings that asserted that prison overcrowding caused an increase in the use of charge reductions and felony convictions, but found this to be untrue [1]. They actually found decreased use of charge reductions during the decade under study even as the prison population continued to rise. The current study analyzed data during the period of 1990 to 1999 from Pulaski County, Arkansas in the context of Pontell’s [2] concept of “a limited capacity to punish. ” The Arkansas data analyzed also demonstrated a decrease in charge reductions as the prison population for the state grew thus supporting the previous research on the topic.
Good Outcome With Early Empiric Treatment of Neural Larva Migrans Due to Baylisascaris procyonis

We report a remarkably good outcome in a 14-month-old boy with early clinical diagnosis and aggressive empirical treatment of neural larva migrans caused by the raccoon roundworm Baylisascaris procyonis. He presented with fever, meningismus, lethargy, irritability and asymmetric spastic extremity weakness. Early findings of marked blood and cerebrospinal fluid eosinophilia and of diffuse white matter signal abnormality in the brain and spinal cord on MRI suggested a parasitic encephalomyelitis. Rapid presumptive treatment with albendazole and high-dose steroids halted progression of clinical signs. The diagnosis was confirmed by 2 sequential enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay studies positive for B procyonis serum immunoglobulin G and by Western blot. Field examination with soil sampling yielded infective Baylisascaris eggs. Repeat MRI 3 months later showed atrophy and diffuse, chronic white matter abnormalities, discordant with the marked clinical improvement in this interval. At 10 months, residual neurologic deficits included subtle paraparesis and moderate language delay. This case is the first in which spinal involvement in human Baylisascaris infection was clinically suspected and confirmed by neuroimaging. Importantly, early diagnosis and aggressive treatment of Baylisascaris meningo-encephalitis and myelitis with albendazole and high-dose steroids likely contributed to the good outcome in this patient, in contrast with previous reports.
CONVERGENCE THEOREMS FOR TWO FAMILIES OF WEAK RELATIVELY NONEXPANSIVE MAPPINGS AND A FAMILY OF EQUILIBRIUM PROBLEMS

The purpose of this paper is to prove strong convergence theorems for common flxed points of two families of weak relatively non- expansive mappings and a family of equilibrium problems by a new mono- tone hybrid method in Banach spaces. Because the hybrid method pre- sented in this paper is monotone, so that the method of the proof is difierent from the original one. We shall give an example which is weak relatively nonexpansive mapping but not relatively nonexpansive map- ping in Banach space l2. Our results improve and extend the correspond- ing results announced in (W. Takahashi and K. Zembayashi, Strong con- vergence theorem by a new hybrid method for equilibrium problems and relatively nonexpansive mappings, Fixed Point Theory Appl. (2008), Ar- ticle ID 528476, 11 pages; doi:10.1155/2008/528476) and (Y. Su, Z. Wang, and H. Xu, Strong convergence theorems for a common flxed point of two hemi-relatively nonexpansive mappings, Nonlinear Anal. 71 (2009), no. 11, 5616{5628) and some other papers.