Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mucociliary function, ciliary ultrastructure, and ciliary orientation in Young's syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Mucociliary clearance is impaired in patients with Young's syndrome (obstructive azoospermia with recurrent sinobronchial disease), cystic fibrosis, and primary ciliary dyskinesia. No defect of cilia or mucus has been detected in Young's syndrome. METHODS: Ciliary function and ultrastructure, including ciliary orientation, were studied quantitatively in 20 patients with Young's syndrome and 20 normal subjects to determine the incidences of ciliary defects. Nasal ciliated epithelium was obtained from each subject and used for measurement of ciliary beat frequency and ultrastructural analyses. Ciliary orientation was determined by measuring ciliary deviation in electron micrographs; ciliary deviation is a measure of the relative orientation of cilia in relation to each other in which high values indicate ciliary disorientation. RESULTS: Ciliary beat frequency and the incidence of microtubular defects and numbers of dynein arms did not differ between patients with Young's syndrome and control subjects. In patients with Young's syndrome basal ciliary deviation (16.0 degrees) was similar to that in control subjects (14.1 degrees), but at the ciliary tip ciliary deviation (21.9 degrees) was greater than in healthy subjects (14.5 degrees). CONCLUSION: The relative disorientation of the distal ciliary axoneme in patients with Young's syndrome compared with normal subjects may be due to a structural defect but is more likely to be a consequence of abnormal mucus.
Circulating Catecholamine Levels in Human and Experimental Hypertension

The radiometric enzymatic technique of Coyle and Henry (J. Neurochem. 21: 61-67, 1973) was adapted to the measurement of serum catecholamines. This technique requires less time than other enzymatic techniques and is sensitive to quantities as small as 25 pg. In normotensive subjects lying supine for 20 minutes serum catecholamine levels averaged 0.218 ng/ml, with no obvious sex or age difference. Under these standardized conditions, the circulating catecholamine levels for a given individual are highly reproducible on different days over a period of several months. In 22 patients with essential hypertension, circulating levels were significantly higher, with an average of 0.370 ng/ml. More than 50percent; of the hypertensive patients had values greater than the highest value measured in normotensives. Systolic blood pressure and heart rate were significantly higher in the hypertensive group with elevated levels of circulating catecholamines than in the hypertensive group with normal levels. In one model of experimental hypertension, produced in the rat by administration of deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA) and saline for 4–8 weeks, serum catecholamines were significantly elevated. These findings suggest that the sympathetic system may play an important role in maintaining an elevated blood pressure in experimental hypertension and in a significant proportion of patients with essential hypertension.
Shot noise Cox processes

Shot noise Cox processes constitute a large class of Cox and Poisson cluster processes in ℝ d , including Neyman-Scott, Poisson-gamma and shot noise G Cox processes. It is demonstrated that, due to the structure of such models, a number of useful and general results can easily be established. The focus is on the probabilistic aspects with a view to statistical applications, particularly results for summary statistics, reduced Palm distributions, simulation with or without edge effects, conditional simulation of the intensity function and local and spatial Markov properties.
Parallel and Serial Methods of Calculating Thermal Insulation in European Manikin Standards

Abstract Standard No. EN 15831:2004 provides 2 methods of calculating insulation: parallel and serial. The parallel method is similar to the global one defined in Standard No. ISO 9920:2007. Standards No. EN 342:2004, EN 14058:2004 and EN 13537:2002 refer to the methods defined in Standard No. EN ISO 15831:2004 for testing cold protective clothing or equipment. However, it is necessary to consider several issues, e.g., referring to measuring human subjects, when using the serial method. With one zone, there is no serial-parallel issue as the results are the same, while more zones increase the difference in insulation value between the methods. If insulation is evenly distributed, differences between the serial and parallel method are relatively small and proportional. However, with more insulation layers overlapping in heavy cold protective ensembles, the serial method produces higher insulation values than the parallel one and human studies. Therefore, the parallel method is recommended for standard testing.
180.5Mbps-8Gbps DLL-based clock and data recovery circuit with low jitter performance

A wide range delay-locked loop (DLL) based clock and data recovery (CDR) circuit including coarse and fine tune blocks is proposed in this paper. The coarse tune block adopts a time to digital converter and digital control delay line to widen the frequency capture range, reduce locking time and prevent the false locking problem. In the fine tune block, a novel phase detector combines the tasks of sampling and charge-pump using half rate clock. Starting-control circuit can ensure CDR takes full use of the delay range provided by voltage control delay line. Moreover, a fully analog DLL technique is applied to exploit the benefits of low skew and jitter performance. The simulation result shows the proposed CDR can cover a wide frequency range from 180.5Mbps to 8Gbps, while the peak-to-peak jitter of recovery clock is 2.7ps at 200Mbps and 1.06ps at 8Gbps. Fabricated in a 65nm CMOS process, this design dissipates 9.9mW and 22.9mW respectively at 200 Mbps and 8Gbps from a 1.2 V supply.
The politics of risk society

Contributors. Introduction: Jane Franklin. 1. Politics of Risk Society: Ulrich Beck. 2. Risk Society: the Context of British Politics: Anthony Giddens. 3. Lessons from Lloyda s: the Limits of Insurance: Adam Raphael. 4. Nature Bites Back: John Gray. 5. Risky Business, Safety: Martin Woollacott. 6. Risk Society, Politics and BSE: Robin Grove--White. 7. Procrastination, Precaution and the Global Gamble: Stephen Tindale. 8. Once the Men in White Coats Held the Promise of a Better Future. : John Durant. 9. Therea s Method in the Magic: Pat Kane. 10. Technology and Democracy: Patricia Hewitt. 11. People in Distress: Susie Orbach. 12. Friendship: the Social Glue of Contemporary Society? : Ray Pahl. 13. The Politics of Prevention: Martin Woollacott. 14. Risk and Public Policy: Towards a High Trust Democracy: Anna Coote. Index.
Comprehensive Proteomic Profiling of Wheat Gluten Using a Combination of Data-Independent and Data-Dependent Acquisition

Wheat is the most important food crop in the world, the unique physiochemical properties of wheat gluten enabling a diverse range of food products to be manufactured. However, genetic and environmental factors affect the technological properties of gluten in unpredictable ways. Although newer proteomic methods have the potential to offer much greater levels of information, it is the older gel-based methods that remain most commonly used to identify compositional differences responsible for the variation in gluten functionality, in part due to the nature of their primary sequences. A combination of platforms were investigated for comprehensive gluten profiling: a QTOF with a data independent schema, which incorporated ion mobility (DIA-IM-MS) and a data dependent acquisition (DDA) workflow using a linear ion trap quadrupole (LTQ) instrument. In conjunction with a manually curated gluten sequence database a total of 2736 gluten peptides were identified with only 157 peptides identified by both platforms. These data showed 127 and 63 gluten protein accessions to be inferred with a minimum of one and three unique peptides respectively. Of the 63 rigorously identified proteins, 26 were gliadin species (4 ω-, 14 α-, and 8 γ-gliadins) and 37 glutenins (including 29 LMW glutenin and 8 HMW glutenins). Of the HMW glutenins, three were 1Dx type and five were 1Bx type illustrating the challenge of unambiguous identification of highly polymorphic proteins without cultivar specific gene sequences. The capacity of the platforms to sequence longer peptides was crucial to achieving the number of identifications, the combination of QTOF-LTQ technology being more important than extraction method to obtain a comprehensive profile. Widespread glutamine deamidation, a post-translational modification, was observed adding complexity to an already highly polymorphic mixture of proteins, with numerous insertions, deletions and substitutions. The data shown is the most comprehensive and detailed proteomic profile of gluten to date.
Lobe-Specific Carcinogenesis in the Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) Mouse Model

© 2013 Zhang et al., licensee InTech. This is an open access chapter distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Lobe-Specific Carcinogenesis in the Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) Mouse Model
From mirror neurons to imitation: Facts and speculations

Introduction This chapter is composed of two parts. In the first we review the functional properties of an intriguing class of premotor neurons that we discovered in the monkey premotor cortex: the “mirror neurons. ” These neurons discharge both when the monkey performs an action and when it observes another individual making a similar action. The second part is basically speculative. It is based on the hypothesis that there is a very general, evolutionary ancient mechanism, that we will name “resonance” mechanism, through which pictorial descriptions of motor behaviors are matched directly on the observer's motor “representations” of the same behaviors. We will posit that resonance mechanism is a fundamental mechanism at the basis of inter-individual relations including some behaviors commonly described under the heading of “imitation. ” Functional properties of area F5 Motor properties Area F5 forms the rostral part of inferior area 6 (Matelli et al ., 1985). Microstimulation and single-neuron studies showed that F5 contains a hand and a mouth movement representation (Gentilucci et al ., 1988; Hepp-Reymond, Husler, Maier, & Qi, 1994; Okano & Tanji, 1987; Rizzolatti et al ., 1981; Rizzolatti et al ., 1988). Particularly interesting results were obtained when F5 neurons were studied in a semi-naturalistic context (Rizzolatti et al ., 1988). Awake monkeys were seated on a primate chair and presented with various objects (geometrical solids, pieces of food of different size and shape). The stimuli were introduced in various spatial locations around the monkey, inside and outside its peripersonal space.
Multiple-Respondent Anecdotal Assessments for Behavior Disorders: An Analysis of Interrater Agreement and Correspondence With Functional Analysis Outcomes

An analysis of interrater agreement across multiple respondents on anecdotal assessments and correspondence between functional analysis outcomes was completed. Experiment I evaluated overall agreement among multiple respondents (direct-care staff) on the hypothesized function of each residents (28 adults with mental retardation) problematic behavior using the Motivational Assessment Scale (MAS) and the Functional Analysis Screening Tool (FAST). Results of the questionnaires indicated that respondents agreed on the function of the problematic behavior for 10 of the 28 residents. Experiment II examined whether, for selected cases in which 4 out of 5 respondents agreed on the function of the problematic behavior, correspondence occurred between functional analyses and anecdotal assessments outcomes. Two of the 6 functional analyses did not evoke the problematic behavior. However, 4 functional analyses did produce corresponding outcomes suggesting that, when the functional analyses produced interpretable data, the results of the functional analyses corresponded with those of the anecdotal assessments.
Vision and Feature Norms: Improving automatic feature norm learning through cross-modal maps

Property norms have the potential to aid a wide range of semantic tasks, provided that they can be obtained for large numbers of concepts. Recent work has focused on text as the main source of information for automatic property extraction. In this paper we examine property norm prediction from visual, rather than textual, data, using cross-modal maps learnt between property norm and visual spaces. We also investigate the importance of having a complete feature norm dataset, for both training and testing. Finally, we evaluate how these datasets and cross-modal maps can be used in an image retrieval task.
A METHODOLOGICAL MODEL FOR INTEGRATING CHARACTER WITHIN CONTENT AND LANGUAGE INTEGRATED LEARNING IN SOCIOLOGY OF RELIGION

In this article, I describe a methodological model I used in a experimental study on how to integrate character within the practice of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) at the higher education Indonesia.This research can be added to research about character education and CLIL in tertiary education, giving nuances to the practice of CLIL so far predominantly a practice in primary and secondary schools.The research was conducted in Semarang State University, in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology, in Sociology of Religion bilingual class. The research indicates that the integration of character within CLIL enrich the perspective of CLIL by strengthening the use of CLIL for intellectual growth and moral development. On the other side, the use of CLIL with character education gives methods and perspectives to the practice of character education so far which so far only emphasise contents reforms without learning methods reforms. The research also reveals that the weakness of CLIL in using text for classroom learning can be overcome bythe use ofspecific reading and writing strategies. I develop a practical text strategy which can be effectively used in highly conceptual subject such as sociology of religion.
It's about family innit: Towards an understanding of the lives and experiences of teenage mothers and fathers as they make the transition to parenthood.

This research is a detailed study of the phenomenon of teenage parenthood at the beginning of the twenty first century. The study draws on a contextualised analysis of the lives and experiences of eight teenage mother and father couples as they make the transition to parenthood. The aim of the research is to analyse the experience of teenage motherhood and fatherhood in Britain today and to understand young, contemporary, mothering and fathering ‘practices’. The study is based on qualitative research methods and has adopted a longitudinal approach to the collection of data. The research strategy used is the case study. Data collection proceeded over a period of nineteen months. Sixteen young mothers and fathers were interviewed up to four times over this period. This study found that young people attach great value to family life and family relationships and that they have high ideals and aspirations for the future of their own ‘new’ families. It is this belief in the idea of family that guides a young pregnant woman’s decision about continuing with her unplanned pregnancy, and the young man’s commitment to support his pregnant partner and unborn baby. This thesis also found that for the young mothers in this study, motherhood represents a positive choice. Pregnancy occurs at a time of vulnerability, yet these young women chose to continue their unplanned pregnancies and become mothers. The uniqueness of young motherhood is the multiple transitions that young women have to undergo simultaneously. Nonetheless, with the right support young mothers do mother successfully. The study reveals that the young fathers had a strong desire to support their partners and be ‘good’ fathers to their children. Fatherhood is meaningful and important as an ideal, and represents a marker of responsibility and a transition to adulthood. Young fatherhood is challenging, yet it is also a generative experience. It is the young men’s strengths and resourcefulness, generated in response to their difficult situations that stand out in the findings in this study. The study found that young people are doing and living family in a variety of ways. Some are living with their families and caring for their children in this context. Others were embarking on independent lives. Yet the striking feature of the ways in which they ‘lived’ family was the extent of the family support networks which they sought out, depended upon, and valued highly.
Extragalactic ultra high energy cosmic rays, II. Comparison with experimental data

We compare the expected contribution of FR-II hot spots to the ultra-high energy cosmic ray spectrum (Rachen & Biermann 1993, A&A in press, BB paper astro-ph/9301010) to improved experimental results. We introduce a "world data set" of UHE cosmic rays by comparing the data of various experiments, extracting relative systematic errors in the energy derivation and averaging over energy bins. Since the contribution of FR-II hot spots is expected to be dominated by protons, we can also compare it to the recent experimental results for the proton component of cosmic rays between 0.1 and 1 EeV from both the Fly's Eye and the Akeno airshower detector (Gaisser et al. 1993, Phys Rev D in press, and Stanev et al. 1992, A&A submitted). The result is striking: Our prediction for energies below 1 EeV fits very well to the data for the proton component, while explaining the total flux at highest energies as well. The result is consistent with the expectation of a galactic component, consisting of heavy nuclei only, that has a slope of about -3.1 and cuts off at 5 EeV, as predicted by Biermann 1993 (A&A in press, BB paper astro-ph/9301008)
Compact adaptive optics line scanning laser ophthalmoscope

We have developed a compact retinal imager that integrates adaptive optics (AO) into a line scanning laser ophthalmoscope (LSLO). The bench-top AO-LSLO instrument significantly reduces the size, complexity, and cost of research AOSLOs, for the purpose of moving adaptive optics imaging more rapidly into routine clinical use. The AO-LSLO produces high resolution retinal images with only one moving part and a significantly reduced instrument footprint and number of optical components. The AO-LSLO has a moderate field of view (5.5 deg), which allows montages of the macula or other targets to be obtained more quickly and efficiently. In a preliminary human subjects investigation, photoreceptors could be resolved and counted within ~0.5 mm of the fovea. Photoreceptor counts matched closely to previously reported histology. The capillaries surrounding the foveal avascular zone could be resolved, as well as cells flowing within them. Individual nerve fiber bundles could be resolved, especially near the optic nerve head, as well as other structures such as the lamina cribrosa. In addition to instrument design, fabrication, and testing, software algorithms were developed for automated image registration, cone counting, and montage stitching.
Handling contingency in temporal constraint networks: from consistency to controllabilities

Temporal Constraint Networks (TCN) allow one to express minimal and maximal durations between time-points. Although being used in many research areas, this model disregards the contingent nature of some constraints, whose effective duration cannot be decided by the system but is provided by the external world. We propose an extension of TCN based on the definition of the Simple Temporal Problem under Uncertainty (STPU) in which the classical network consistency property must be redefined in terms of controllability: intuitively, we would like to say that a network is controllable iff it is consistent in any situation (i.e. any assignment of the whole set of contingent intervals) that may arise in the external world. Three levels of controllability must be distinguished, namely the Strong, the Weak and the Dynamic ones. This paper provides a full characterization of those properties and their usefulness in practice, and proposes algorithms for checking them. Complexity issues and tractable equivalence clas.
Health-related Quality of Life and Mental Health of Elderly by Occupational Status

Background: This study aimed to identify the association between health-related quality of life and mental health by elderly Koreans’ occupational status. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study consisted of a secondary analysis of data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V-3 (2012). The sample comprised 1431 people aged 65 yr and older. Results: Compared to participants employed, those not showed lower HRQOL. Occupational status significantly affected all of the EuroQoL-5 Dimensions (EQ-5D): mobility, self-care, usual activity, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. Unemployed participants had more suicidal ideation. Among employed elderly persons, significant differences were found between manual and non-manual workers in the EQ-5D index and EQ-5D for mobility and pain/discomfort. Manual workers experienced more depression and suicidal ideation than did non-manual workers. Conclusion: The occupational status of elderly individuals accounts for differences in their quality of life and mental health status. Therefore, additional jobs should be created for the elderly in order to improve their quality of life and mental health.