Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence, severity, and patterns of intrathoracic and intra-abdominal injuries in motorcycle crashes.

BACKGROUND Although severe head injuries have been reduced with helmet use, little has been done to address the severity of trauma to organs of the trunk in motorcycle crashes. We detail the frequency, severity, and pattern of intrathoracic and intra-abdominal injuries that may be helpful in the recognition and medical treatment of such injuries. METHODS Diagnostic and treatment information from emergency room, hospital, and coroner records from a cohort of motorcyclists injured from 1991 to 1992 were obtained from 28 hospitals and 11 coroners in California. RESULTS Multiple intrathoracic and intra-abdominal injuries were common, and the number and bilaterality of rib fractures were strongly associated with chances of injuries to the thoracic and abdominal organs. CONCLUSION Patients with severe injury in one anatomic region of the trunk are very likely to have severe injuries in the same or other anatomic regions. These patients are best treated in trauma centers, where rapid diagnosis and treatment are possible.
Support Received During the Transition to Practice for the Secondary School Graduate-Assistant Athletic Trainer.

CONTEXT Transitioning into clinical practice can be stressful for the newly credentialed athletic trainer (AT). The support provided by mentors, peers, and athletic training faculty can increase confidence and enhance the transition. To create specific initiatives for a smoother transition, the perspectives of those in the secondary school setting are needed. OBJECTIVE To examine the transition to practice and mentorship of newly credentialed ATs providing medical care in the secondary school setting. DESIGN Qualitative study. SETTING Secondary school setting. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS A total of 14 ATs (2 men, 12 women; age = 23.0 ± 2.0 years) participated in our study. They were employed in the secondary school setting through graduate assistantships, had been credentialed for less than 1 year, and had completed professional bachelor's degree programs. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We completed 14 semistructured phone interviews. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Two researchers independently following the stepwise progression of a general inductive approach completed the data analysis. Trustworthiness was established through multiple-analyst triangulation, peer review, and member checks. RESULTS Two major themes emerged regarding the support received by our participants: past mentors and current networks of professionals. Past mentors provided autonomous learning opportunities during clinical education and then served as resources for guidance and advice. Current networks of professionals were defined by 2 subthemes: professional medical care providers and non-medical care providers within the secondary school setting (ie, athletic directors, coaches, parents). CONCLUSIONS Former preceptors and faculty provided resources and support to help develop the newly credentialed AT's confidence and facilitate the transition. Preceptors should allow increased independence to help their students develop as clinicians. The creation of networks within the community, that is, the secondary school itself, is also critical in the transition as it provides the AT with role legitimation.
Review of Research: Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students with Autism

The quest for understanding the dynamics of language and the related sociocultural aspects of students with autism continues to be a challenge. Today, the term “autism” refers to a set of descriptions that profile a wide range of children who have impairments in their abilities to initiate and sustain healthy, normal social relationships (Roseberry-McKibbin, 2007). Authorities in the field of autism, namely Kanner and Asperger, described autism as the inability to interact socially. Griffin, Griffin, Fitch, Albera, and Gingras (2006) described children with autism as frequently exhibiting problems in the areas of social, behavioral, academic, motor, and sensory skills. Educators have a responsibility to examine what we know from the research about students with autism, including students from culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) backgrounds. We must foster an ongoing and systematic awareness that families from CLD backgrounds who have children with autism are not alone. We also must teach these families how to help their sons and daughters to communicate, acquire basic life skills, distinguish between safety and danger, and otherwise prepare for adult life. Furthermore, and perhaps most challenging for educators, we must prepare families to deal withdifficultbehaviors. CLD students with autism have three particular and pressing challenges: 1) language differences, 2) cultural differences, and 3) disabilities (Baca & Cervantes, 2004; Wilder, Dyches, Obiakor, & Algozzine, 2004). The purpose of this review is to create awareness and propose a theoretical framework for analyzing issues concerning CLD students with autism.
TP63 Gene Mutations in Chinese P63 Syndrome Patients

TP63 plays an essential role in the development of epidermis and skin appendages. Mutations in TP63 can give rise to a series of syndromes characterized by various combinations of ectodermal dysplasia, limb malformations, and orofacial clefting in many populations. To test whether TP63 is the disease-causative gene for these phenotypes in Chinese, we recruited two Chinese Ectrodactyly-Ectodermal-dysplasia-Cleft lip/palate syndrome (EEC) cases and a Limb-Mammary-Syndrome (LMS) patient to carry out TP63 gene sequencing. Three missense mutation, c.812G>C (Ser271Thr), c.611G>A (Arg204Gln), and c.680G>A (Arg227Gln), which lead to the substitution of highly conserved amino acids in the DNA-binding domain of TP63, were identified. These mutations were predicted to disrupt DNA-binding specificity and affinity. To our knowledge, this is the first report of EEC and LMS syndromes in individuals of Chinese descent. Analysis of our data demonstrated that TP63 is critical for the development of ectoderm in humans.
PuDianNao: A Polyvalent Machine Learning Accelerator

Machine Learning (ML) techniques are pervasive tools in various emerging commercial applications, but have to be accommodated by powerful computer systems to process very large data. Although general-purpose CPUs and GPUs have provided straightforward solutions, their energy-efficiencies are limited due to their excessive supports for flexibility. Hardware accelerators may achieve better energy-efficiencies, but each accelerator often accommodates only a single ML technique (family). According to the famous No-Free-Lunch theorem in the ML domain, however, an ML technique performs well on a dataset may perform poorly on another dataset, which implies that such accelerator may sometimes lead to poor learning accuracy. Even if regardless of the learning accuracy, such accelerator can still become inapplicable simply because the concrete ML task is altered, or the user chooses another ML technique. In this study, we present an ML accelerator called PuDianNao, which accommodates seven representative ML techniques, including k-means, k-nearest neighbors, naive bayes, support vector machine, linear regression, classification tree, and deep neural network. Benefited from our thorough analysis on computational primitives and locality properties of different ML techniques, PuDianNao can perform up to 1056 GOP/s (e.g., additions and multiplications) in an area of 3.51 mm^2, and consumes 596 mW only. Compared with the NVIDIA K20M GPU (28nm process), PuDianNao (65nm process) is 1.20x faster, and can reduce the energy by 128.41x.
Lipid bilayer and cytoskeletal interactions in a red blood cell

We study the biomechanical interactions between the lipid bilayer and the cytoskeleton in a red blood cell (RBC) by developing a general framework for mesoscopic simulations. We treated the lipid bilayer and the cytoskeleton as two distinct components and developed a unique whole-cell model of the RBC, using dissipative particle dynamics (DPD). The model is validated by comparing the predicted results with measurements from four different and independent experiments. First, we simulated the micropipette aspiration and quantified the cytoskeletal deformation. Second, we studied the membrane fluctuations of healthy RBCs and RBCs parasitized to different intraerythrocytic stages by the malaria-inducing parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Third, we subjected the RBC to shear flow and investigated the dependence of its tank-treading frequency on shear rate. Finally, we simulated the bilayer–cytoskeletal detachment in channel flow to quantify the strength of such interactions when the corresponding bonds break. Taken together, these experiments and corresponding systematic DPD simulations probe the governing constitutive response of the cytoskeleton, elastic stiffness, viscous friction, and strength of bilayer–cytoskeletal interactions as well as membrane viscosities. Hence, the DPD simulations and comparisons with available independent experiments serve as validation of the unique two-component model and lead to useful insights into the biomechanical interactions between the lipid bilayer and the cytoskeleton of the RBC. Furthermore, they provide a basis for further studies to probe cell mechanistic processes in health and disease in a manner that guides the design and interpretation of experiments and to develop simulations of phenomena that cannot be studied systematically by experiments alone.
Sequences within the C Terminus of the Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 5 (mGluR5) Are Responsible for Inner Nuclear Membrane Localization*

Traditionally, G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) are thought to be located on the cell surface where they transmit extracellular signals to the cytoplasm. However, recent studies indicate that some GPCRs are also localized to various subcellular compartments such as the nucleus where they appear required for various biological functions. For example, the metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is concentrated at the inner nuclear membrane (INM) where it mediates Ca2+ changes in the nucleoplasm by coupling with Gq/11. Here, we identified a region within the C-terminal domain (amino acids 852–876) that is necessary and sufficient for INM localization of the receptor. Because these sequences do not correspond to known nuclear localization signal motifs, they represent a new motif for INM trafficking. mGluR5 is also trafficked to the plasma membrane where it undergoes re-cycling/degradation in a separate receptor pool, one that does not interact with the nuclear mGluR5 pool. Finally, our data suggest that once at the INM, mGluR5 is stably retained via interactions with chromatin. Thus, mGluR5 is perfectly positioned to regulate nucleoplasmic Ca2+ in situ.
Clinical encounters and culturally competent practice: The challenges of providing cancer and infertility care

This qualitative paper deals with the challenges of translating culturally competent care into practice. It looks at how those working in oncology and reproductive medicine engage with adults from South Asian and white ethnic backgrounds, whose fertility might be affected by cancer. Our findings suggest practitioners, despite a commitment to sensitive care, struggle to engage with cultural diversity and reconciling individual behaviour with what they think they know about South Asian cultures. This creates misunderstandings, leading to poor practice. Our conclusion explores the extent to which practitioners can adopt more sensitive practice by understanding that cultural beliefs are negotiable.
Bringing the Voices Together

The linking pin among the articles in this Issue is the existence of sociocultural realities of race, gender, and social class in the everyday, lived experiences of African American women leaders. Sociocultural realities make an argument for recognizing intersectionality (the juncture of these sociocultural realities) and the experiences that can emerge (disempowering, exclusion, etc.). Therefore, sociocultural theories are needed to explain these experiences. The overarching theme of this Issue has been to give voice to African American women on encounters with intersectionality in their leadership experience. Until the silent voices are allowed to speak, the dominant perspectives will continue to ignore and challenge the need for these conversations to take place. It is in making the space for and the hearing of these voices that the value to HRD lies. For doing so informs the development and refinement of informing HRD theories, the expansion of the theoretical foundations of HRD, and the more informed research and practice of the field and profession.
Immigration and Social Systems : Collected Essays of Michael Bommes

Immigration and Social Systems - 2[-]Table of contents - 6[-]Foreword - 8[-]Preface - 10[-]Introduction - 12[-]1 Migration in modern society - 20[-]2 National welfare state, biography and migration Labour migrants, ethnic Germans and the re-ascription of welfare state membership - 38[-]3 Systems theory and the 'ethnic inequality' of migrant workers - 60[-]4 Welfare systems and migrant minorities The cultural dimension of social policies and its discriminatory potential - 84[-]5 Transnationalism or assimilation? - 108[-]6 'Integration takes place locally' On the restructuring of local integration policy - 126[-]7 Illegal migration in modern society Consequences and problems of national European migration policies - 158[-]8 General and specific characteristics of networks (with Veronika Tacke) - 178[-]9 National paradigms of migration research(with Dietrich Thr nhardt) - 202[-]References - 234[-]Consequence and problem of national European migration[-]policies[-][-]
Structured Sparsity Models for Reverberant Speech Separation

We tackle the speech separation problem through modeling the acoustics of the reverberant chambers. Our approach exploits structured sparsity models to perform speech recovery and room acoustic modeling from recordings of concurrent unknown sources. The speakers are assumed to lie on a two-dimensional plane and the multipath channel is characterized using the image model. We propose an algorithm for room geometry estimation relying on localization of the early images of the speakers by sparse approximation of the spatial spectrum of the virtual sources in a free-space model. The images are then clustered exploiting the low-rank structure of the spectro-temporal components belonging to each source. This enables us to identify the early support of the room impulse response function and its unique map to the room geometry. To further tackle the ambiguity of the reflection ratios, we propose a novel formulation of the reverberation model and estimate the absorption coefficients through a convex optimization exploiting joint sparsity model formulated upon spatio-spectral sparsity of concurrent speech representation. The acoustic parameters are then incorporated for separating individual speech signals through either structured sparse recovery or inverse filtering the acoustic channels. The experiments conducted on real data recordings of spatially stationary sources demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for speech separation and recognition.
Quality Management in a Three-Level Supply Chain: The Role of Methods and Costs

While various techniques for improving product quality have been proposed, the supply chain network is often taken for granted. This paper considers quality control within a three-level supply chain and provides interesting findings that differ from the existing literature. Results suggest a curvilinear relationship between quality improvement efforts in the supply chain and brand owner profit: maximum efforts by the supplier and manufacturer do not guarantee optimal profit for the brand owner. Furthermore, two quality control methods - appraisal and certification - are examined. The quality control methods are found to affect both finished product quality and brand owner profit, but their impacts are moderated by the external failure cost of finished products. Results also suggest that no one particular quality control method dominates in terms of improving finished product quality or raising firm profitability. The optimal quality control method depends on the external product failure cost and other contextual factors in the supply chain.
What Coy Smiles Say about Positive Shyness in Early Infancy.

Positive shyness is a universal emotion with the specific social function of regulating our interactions by improving trust and liking, and showing politeness. The present study examined early infant production of coy smiles during social interactions as a measure of positive shy behavior. Eighty 4-month-olds were experimentally observed during three types of interactions in front of a mirror in which (1) the infant only sees him or herself, (2) the infant only sees the other person (mother, father, or stranger), and (3) the infant sees both him or herself and the other person. Infants produced more coy smiles during the interaction with a stranger than during the interactions with their mother or their father, or when they could see only themselves in front of a mirror. Infants also produced more coy smiles when they could see their self-reflection during the interaction than when they could not. Our results support the assumption that coy smiles indicate an early emerging emotional reaction with an important adaptive function during social situations involving novel persons and when special attention is given to the child.
Supporting the Education of Pupils with Profound Intellectual and Multiple Disabilities: The Views of Teaching Assistants Regarding Their Own Learning and Development Needs.

Learning support assistants or teaching assistants play a vital role in the education of pupils with complex learning disabilities, routinely supporting students on a 1:1 basis without the direct supervision of teachers. Despite the responsibility afforded these classroom support staff, there appear to be few training programmes designed for this specialised role. This qualitative study, by Trudi Martin of the Manchester Institute of Education, was undertaken at a special school in England. The study explored the views of 17 teaching assistants and five teachers regarding the extent to which teaching assistant training equipped them to support pupils with complex learning needs. The findings illustrated that much of the training, including that on the Qualifications and Credit Framework, provided inadequate information and guidance. Without sufficient knowledge to underpin their practice, teaching assistants are impeded in the educational support they can give to pupils, who face significant learning challenges, with a resultant impact on their students' ability to learn and develop new skills.
Developing a Pedagogy of Teacher Education: Understanding Teaching and Learning About Teaching (John Loughran, 2006)

John Loughran is currently the Foundation Chair in Curriculum and Professional Practice at Monash University. Developing a Pedagogy of Teacher Education: Understanding Teaching and Learning About Teaching is the culmination of two lines of inquiry—pedagogy of and reflection in teacher education—that Loughran has studied for over a decade. In this seminal work, he argues that to build on our current research base on teacher education, the next logical step is to develop a specific pedagogy of teacher education. In this highly readable text, Loughran draws on the work of many well-established scholars of teacher education (e.g., Dewey, Korthagen, Brookfield, Shulman) and uses the extensive research he and his colleagues have conducted on their teacher education programs at Monash University. Loughran believes that the practices of classroom teachers cannot be simply replicated in teacher education programs. “[T]he teacher educator may be viewed as simply being a teacher teaching in teacher preparation” which he feels is inadequate and suggests conceptualizing teacher educators as having “an expertise in teaching and learning about teaching” (p. 13). His conceptual framework cannot be easily labeled as social constructivism or critical pedagogy; rather, it is a set of principles unique to teacher education but one that draws on elements from other frameworks (e.g., from social constructivism he advocates that teacher educators need to develop a strong relationship with their student teachers). Loughran’s book is divided into two parts, the first, Teaching About Teaching, focuses on teacher educators, and the second, Learning About Teaching, shifts to student teachers. Two of Loughran’s insights that I found particularly powerful are (1) teacher educators cannot simply model engaging teaching practices and (2) the importance of student teachers being highly involved in their learning. In regard to the first, Loughran challenges the common notion
Developmental Trajectories of Adolescent Substance Use

ABSTRACT Longitudinal data from 746 adolescents in Toronto, Canada (54% females), was gathered in eight waves over seven years (1995 through 2001), beginning when the youths were 10 to 12 years old (mean age = 11.8, SD = 1.2 years). Five trajectories of substance use were identified: chronic-high, childhood onset-rapid high, childhood onset-moderate, adolescent onset-moderate, and non-use groups. Late childhood risk factors for substance use included delinquency, academic disengagement, low parental monitoring, and associating with substance-using peers. Externalizing problems emerged as an additional risk factor for the most severe substance-using group during adolescence. Of note, the childhood onset-moderate group reported only moderate levels of substance use during adolescence despite high levels of risk during late childhood. Implications for prevention of and intervention for substance use are discussed.
Cratoxylum formosum Extract Protects against Amyloid-Beta Toxicity in a Caenorhabditis elegans Model of Alzheimerʼs Disease

Abstract Amyloid-β, one of the hallmarks of Alzheimerʼs disease, is toxic to neurons and causes cell death in the brain. Oxidative stress is known to play an important role in Alzheimerʼs disease, and there is strong evidence linking oxidative stress to amyloid-β. The herbal plant “Tiew kon” (Cratoxylum formosum ssp. pruniflorum) is an indigenous vegetable that is grown in Southeast Asia. Many reports suggested that the twig extract from C. formosum possesses an antioxidant property. The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of the twig extract from C. formosum against amyloid-β toxicity using the transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans model. This study demonstrated that the extract significantly delayed amyloid-β-induced paralysis in the C. elegans model of Alzheimerʼs disease. Using a genetic approach, we found that DAF-16/FOXO transcription factor, heat shock factor 1, and SKN-1 (Nrf2 in mammals) were required for the extract-mediated delayed paralysis. The extract ameliorated oxidative stress by reducing the level of H2O2, which appeared to account for the protective action of the extract. The extract possesses antioxidant activity against juglone-induced oxidative stress as it was shown to increase survival of the stressed worms. In addition, C. formosum decreased the expression of the heat shock protein-16.2 gene which was induced by thermal stress, indicating its ability to reduce cellular stress. The results from this study support the C. elegans model in the search for disease-modifying agents to treat Alzheimerʼs disease and indicate the potential of the extract from C. formosum ssp. pruniflorum as a source for the development of anti-Alzheimerʼs drugs.