Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Random Popular Matchings with Incomplete Preference Lists

For a set A of n people and a set B of m items, with each person having a preference list that ranks some items in order of preference, we consider the problem of matching every person with a unique item. A matching M is popular if for any other matching \(M'\), the number of people who prefer M to \(M'\) is not less than the number of those who prefer \(M'\) to M. For given n and m, consider the probability of existence of a popular matching when each person’s preference list is independently and uniformly generated at random. Previously, Mahdian showed that when people’s preference lists are strict (containing no ties) and complete (containing all items in B), if \(\alpha = m/n > \alpha _*\), where \(\alpha _* \approx 1.42\) is the root of equation \(x^2 = e^{1/x}\), then a popular matching exists with probability \(1-o(1)\); and if \(\alpha \alpha _k\), where \(\alpha _k \ge 1\) is the root of equation \(x e^{-1/2x} = 1-(1-e^{-1/x})^{k-1}\), then a popular matching exists with probability \(1-o(1)\); and if \(\alpha < \alpha _k\), then a popular matching exists with probability o(1).
“You Should Drink Less”: Frequency and Predictors of Discussions Between Providers and Patients About Reducing Alcohol Use

ABSTRACT Background: Brief intervention is recommended for individuals who misuse alcohol, but studies vary on how frequently patients talk with their providers about alcohol use. Objectives: We examined whether veterans who had recently screened positive for alcohol misuse reported having conversations about their alcohol use with their providers. Methods: Following a positive screening for alcohol misuse during a primary care visit in 2013, veterans completed a telephone interview on alcohol use, conversations with their providers about drinking, and factors potentially associated with such conversations. The final analysis sample included 881 veterans; we conducted descriptive statistics and multivariable regression analyses. Results: Most veterans (83%) reported that their provider asked about drinking. Among these, 65% reported being advised to drink less, and 36% reported being advised to abstain. Veterans who received their healthcare from Veterans Health Administration (VA) had over twice the odds of reporting advice to reduce/abstain from drinking (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.34, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.46, 3.75). Veterans who reported heavy episodic drinking were more likely to report advice to reduce/abstain from drinking than those who did not report (AOR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.30, 2.57) and veterans who reported heavy drinking were more likely to report such advice (AOR = 2.40, 95% CI = 1.69, 3.40). Conclusions/Importance: Most veterans with alcohol misuse reported receiving advice to reduce or abstain from drinking. Veterans with excessive alcohol use and those receiving all or most of their care from VA were more likely to report receiving such advice. Self-report of receiving advice may be an important approach to assessing appropriate follow-up after detection of alcohol misuse.
Bed Rest versus Early Ambulation with Standard Anticoagulation in The Management of Deep Vein Thrombosis: A Meta-Analysis

Introduction Bed rest has been considered as the cornerstone of management of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) for a long time, though it is not evidence-base, and there is growing evidence favoring early ambulation. Methods Electronic databases including Medline, PubMed, Cochrane Library and three Chinese databases were searched with key words of “deep vein thrombosis”, “pulmonary embolism”, “venous thrombosis”, “bed rest”, “immobilization”, “mobilization” and “ambulation”. We considered randomized controlled trials, prospective or retrospective cohort studies that compared the outcomes of acute DVT patients managed with early ambulation versus bed rest, in addition to standard anticoagulation. Meta-analysis pertaining to the incidence of new pulmonary embolism (PE), progression of DVT, and DVT related deaths were conducted, as well as the extent of remission of pain and edema. Results 13 studies were included with a total of 3269 patients. Compared to bed rest, early ambulation was not associated with a higher incidence of new PE, progression of DVT, or DVT related deaths (RD −0.03, 95% CI −0.05∼ −0.02; Z = 1.24, p = 0.22; random effect model, Tau2 = 0.01). Moreover, if the patients suffered moderate or severe pain initially, early ambulation was related to a better outcome, with respect to remission of acute pain in the affected limb (SMD 0.42, 95%CI 0.09∼0.74; Z = 2.52, p = 0.01; random effect model, Tau2 = 0.04). Meta-analysis of alleviation of edema cannot elicit a solid conclusion because of significant heterogeneity among the few studies. Conclusions Compared to bed rest, early ambulation of acute DVT patients with anticoagulation was not associated with a higher incidence of new PE, progression of DVT, and DVT related deaths. Furthermore, for the patients suffered moderate or severe pain initially, a better outcome can be seen in early ambulation group, regarding to the remission of acute pain in the affected limb.
Developing a theoretical model and questionnaire survey instrument to measure the success of electronic health records in residential aged care

Electronic health records (EHR) are introduced into healthcare organizations worldwide to improve patient safety, healthcare quality and efficiency. A rigorous evaluation of this technology is important to reduce potential negative effects on patient and staff, to provide decision makers with accurate information for system improvement and to ensure return on investment. Therefore, this study develops a theoretical model and questionnaire survey instrument to assess the success of organizational EHR in routine use from the viewpoint of nursing staff in residential aged care homes. The proposed research model incorporates six variables in the reformulated DeLone and McLean information systems success model: system quality, information quality, service quality, use, user satisfaction and net benefits. Two variables training and self-efficacy were also incorporated into the model. A questionnaire survey instrument was designed to measure the eight variables in the model. After a pilot test, the measurement scale was used to collect data from 243 nursing staff members in 10 residential aged care homes belonging to three management groups in Australia. Partial least squares path modeling was conducted to validate the model. The validated EHR systems success model predicts the impact of the four antecedent variables—training, self-efficacy, system quality and information quality—on the net benefits, the indicator of EHR systems success, through the intermittent variables use and user satisfaction. A 24-item measurement scale was developed to quantitatively evaluate the performance of an EHR system. The parsimonious EHR systems success model and the measurement scale can be used to benchmark EHR systems success across organizations and units and over time.
Surfactants Reduce Platelet–Bubble and Platelet–Platelet Binding Induced by In Vitro Air Embolism

Background:The effect of gas bubbles on platelet behavior is poorly characterized. The authors assessed platelet–bubble and platelet–platelet binding in platelet-rich plasma in the presence and absence of bubbles and three surface-active compounds. Methods:Platelet-rich plasma was prepared from blood drawn from 16 volunteers. Experimental groups were surfactant alone, sparging (microbubble embolization) alone, sparging with surfactant, and neither sparging nor surfactant. The surfactants were Pluronic F-127 (Molecular Probes, Eugene, OR), Perftoran (OJSC SPC Perftoran, Moscow, Russia), and Dow Corning Antifoam 1510US (Dow Corning, Midland, MI). Videomicroscopy images of specimens drawn through rectangular glass microcapillaries on an inverted microscope and Coulter counter measurements were used to assess platelet–bubble and platelet–platelet binding, respectively, in calcium-free and recalcified samples. Histamine-induced and adenosine diphosphate–induced platelet–platelet binding were measured in unsparged samples. Differences between groups were considered significant for P < 0.05 using analysis of variance and the Bonferroni correction. Results:Sixty to 100 platelets adhered to bubbles in sparged, surfactant-free samples. With sparging and surfactant, few platelets adhered to bubbles. Numbers of platelet singlets and multimers not adherent to bubbles were different (P < 0.05) compared both with unsparged samples and sparged samples without surfactant. No significant platelet–platelet binding occurred in uncalcified, sparged samples, although 20–30 platelets adhered to bubbles. Without sparging, histamine and adenosine diphosphate provoked platelet–platelet binding with and without surfactants present. Conclusions:Sparging causes platelets to bind to air bubbles and each other. Surfactants added before sparging attenuate platelet–bubble and platelet–platelet binding. Surfactants may have a clinical role in attenuating gas embolism–induced platelet–bubble and platelet–platelet binding.
THE FUNDAMENTAL PLANE OF GAMMA-RAY GLOBULAR CLUSTERS

We have investigated the properties of a group of γ-ray-emitting globular clusters (GCs) that have recently been uncovered in our Galaxy. By correlating the observed γ-ray luminosity Lγ with various cluster properties, we probe the origin of the high-energy photons from these GCs. We report that Lγ is positively correlated with the encounter rate Γc and the metallicity [Fe/H], which places an intimate link between the γ-ray emission and the millisecond-pulsar population. We also find a tendency that Lγ increases with the energy densities of the soft photon at the cluster location. Furthermore, the two-dimensional regression analysis suggests that Lγ, soft-photon densities, and Γc /[Fe/H] possibly span fundamental planes; this finding could potentially provide better predictions for the γ-ray properties of GCs.
Urine cytomorphology of micropapillary urothelial carcinoma

Micropapillary urothelial carcinoma (MPUC) is a rare subtype of urothelial carcinoma (UC) with an aggressive clinical course. The cytomorphologic features of MPUC in urine cytology have not been well described. In this study, 23 urine specimens (11 voided urines and 12 bladder washings) from 23 patients with MPUC on follow‐up surgical material and 28 specimens (14voided urines and 14 bladder washings) from 28 patients with high‐grade UCs (HGUC) were retrieved. Cytologic features (nuclear grade, cytoplasmic characteristics), architectural features (single cell pattern, true papillary structures, flat sheets/nests, three dimensional clusters, micropapillary (inside‐out, acinar‐like, or cauliflower with nuclei located peripherally)), and necrosis were evaluated. Clinical follow‐up was obtained by chart review. Two findings, micropapillae and cytoplasmic vacuoles, were seen more frequently in MPUC compared to HGUC, 81.0% vs. 14.3%, and 57.1% vs. 14.3%, respectively. The combination of these two findings had a sensitivity of 78%, a specificity of 86%, a positive predictive value of 82%, and a negative predictive value of 83% for the diagnosis of MPUC on subsequent biopsy. MPUC and HGUC can both exhibit a single cell pattern, papillary structures, flat sheets/nests, three dimensional clusters, high‐nuclear grade, and necrosis, thus these findings are not useful in distinguishing these entities. Chart review revealed that patients with MPUC had a higher rate of metastasis to lymph nodes and distant organs than HGUC, 57% vs. 4%. Therefore, the findings of cytoplasmic vacuoles and micropapillary structures in UC from a urine cytology specimen are associated with MPUC on subsequent biopsy. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2013. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Behavioral Physical Activity Intervention to Manage Moderate and Severe Fatigue Among Head and Neck Cancer Patients—Pre-efficacy Study in the National Institutes of Health ORBIT Model

Background Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) reduces head and neck cancer (HNC) survival rates and is the most common, severe, and distressing symptom negatively impacting activities of daily living (ADLs) dependence among HNC patients. These patients remain physically inactive after their cancer treatment, although there is consensus that physical activity mitigates CRF in cancer patients. Objective A home-based personalized behavioral physical activity intervention with fitness graded motion exergames (PAfitME) was evaluated for its intervention components, intervention delivery mode, and intervention contact time/duration with initial assessment of the feasibility, acceptability, safety, and outcomes. Methods This study (N = 8) was a single-group, pre-post design to evaluate a 6-week PAfitME at the end of HNC treatment. Health outcomes were CRF, ADL dependence, and fitness performance. Behavioral outcomes were exergame adherence. Results Positive health and behavioral outcomes support the PAfitME protocol including intervention components, intervention delivery mode, and intervention contact times/duration. The PAfitME intervention is feasible and acceptable with promising adherence rates. No adverse events were reported. There was marked improvement in CRF, ADL dependence, cardiorespiratory fitness, balance, muscle strength, and shoulder forward flexion, with large to moderate effect sizes as a result of the PAfitME intervention. Conclusion The PAfitME protocol is ready for additional testing in a randomized clinical trial. Implications for Practice The PAfitME intervention is a nurse-led nonpharmacological intervention. It can be integrated into home care or telehealth care for HNC patients at the end of their cancer treatment once effectiveness is established.
Causal conjunction fallacies: The roles of causal strength and mental resources

In two experiments we tested the prediction derived from Tversky and Kahneman's (1983) work on the causal conjunction fallacy that the strength of the causal connection between constituent events directly affects the magnitude of the causal conjunction fallacy. We also explored whether any effects of perceived causal strength were due to graded output from heuristic Type 1 reasoning processes or the result of analytic Type 2 reasoning processes. As predicted, Experiment 1 demonstrated that fallacy rates were higher for strongly than for weakly related conjunctions. Weakly related conjunctions in turn attracted higher rates of fallacious responding than did unrelated conjunctions. Experiment 2 showed that a concurrent memory load increased rates of fallacious responding for strongly related but not for weakly related conjunctions. We interpret these results as showing that manipulations of the strength of the perceived causal relationship between the conjuncts result in graded output from heuristic reasoning process and that additional mental resources are required to suppress strong heuristic output.
Optimization of a Laboratory Dehulling Process for Lentil (Lens culinaris)

ABSTRACT Red lentil (Lens culinaris) is mainly processed into dehulled and split forms before human consumption and characteristics such as dehulling efficiency (DE), which is the sum of percent dehulled whole seed (PDW) and percent dehulled split seed (PDS), are important to lentil breeders, processors, and exporters. A laboratory Satake dehuller was used to evaluate the dehulling characteristics of red lentil. The effects of dehulling conditions (abrasive wheel speed, dehulling time, and seed moisture content) were investigated using response surface methodology. Increasing dehulling time and seed moisture content decreased DE. Increasing seed moisture content decreased powder and broken fractions but increased the undehulled whole seed fraction. PDW was decreased but PDS was increased as dehulling time was increased. Percent hull removed during dehulling process decreased as seed moisture content was increased but increased as abrasive wheel speed or dehulling time was increased. The optimum dehulling .
Modeling-based determination of physiological parameters of systemic VOCs by breath gas analysis: a pilot study

In this paper we develop a simple two compartment model which extends the Farhi equation to the case when the inhaled concentration of a volatile organic compound (VOC) is not zero. The model connects the exhaled breath concentration of systemic VOCs with physiological parameters such as endogenous production rates and metabolic rates. Its validity is tested with data obtained for isoprene and inhaled deuterated isoprene-D5.
Gel wax-based tissue-mimicking phantoms for multispectral photoacoustic imaging

: Tissue-mimicking phantoms are widely used for the calibration, evaluation and standardisation of medical imaging systems, and for clinical training. For photoacoustic imaging, tissue-mimicking materials (TMMs) that have tuneable optical and acoustic properties, high stability, and mechanical robustness are highly desired. In this study, gel wax is introduced as a TMM that satisﬁes these criteria for developing photoacoustic imaging phantoms. The reduced scattering and optical absorption coeﬃcients were independently tuned with the addition of TiO 2 and oil-based inks. The frequency-dependent acoustic attenuation obeyed a 2 and coloured inks. Optical and acoustic characterisation was performed on homogeneous phantoms. The potential of gel wax for use as a TMM in multispectral photoacoustic imaging was demonstrated with optically heterogeneous phantoms.
Fast and accurate segmentation of the LV in MR volumes using a deformable model with dynamic programming

This paper proposes a new approach for the segmentation of the endocardium of the left ventricle using short axis magnetic resonance (MR) images. The proposed method comprises two main stages. First, each image is converted to polar coordinates, and an edge map is computed from the transformed image. Then, the contour of the left ventricle (LV) is estimated by computing the optimal path along the edge map, using a dynamic programming approach. The system is evaluated on a public database comprising 660 magnetic resonance volumes and the results testify its usefulness both in terms of running time and accuracy. The proposed methodology is able to segment a whole volume in 1.5 seconds achieving an average Dice similarity coefficient of 85.9% (8.3%), which compares favorably with related state-of-the-art methods.
Relationship between field tests and match running performance in high-level young Brazilian soccer players.

BACKGROUND The main aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between field tests and match running performance using computational tracking technology in high-level young Brazilian soccer players. METHODS Twenty-five young male Brazilian soccer players participated in this study (U-15, N.=13; U-17, N.=12). In the same week, the players were submitted to field tests and actual matches. The field tests were: Maximum Speed (10-30 m), Zig-Zag, Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test, and Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1. Additionally, participants performed actual soccer match-play. Match running performance was collected using a fixed video-camera. Subsequently, computerized tracking video-analysis (30 Hz) was utilized to identify each physical performance indicator. Pearson's correlation and linear regression were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS The results showed that the majority of field tests were not related to match running performance. The Zig-Zag Test, Running-based Anaerobic Sprint Test, and Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 1 seem to be the most specific tests (r=0.41-0.47), however the explanatory powers of these field tests in relation to match running performance were low (R2=17-22%). CONCLUSIONS Assessment of match running performance should be included in the evaluation periods of young soccer players, together with the most specific tests reported.
Glucocorticoid Receptor Signaling Impairs Protein Turnover Regulation in Hypoxia-Induced Muscle Atrophy in Male Mice

Hypoxemia may contribute to muscle wasting in conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Muscle wasting develops when muscle proteolysis exceeds protein synthesis. Hypoxia induces skeletal muscle atrophy in mice, which can in part be attributed to reduced food intake. We hypothesized that hypoxia elevates circulating corticosterone concentrations by reduced food intake and enhances glucocorticoid receptor (GR) signaling in muscle, which causes elevated protein degradation signaling and dysregulates protein synthesis signaling during hypoxia-induced muscle atrophy. Muscle-specific GR knockout and control mice were subjected to normoxia, normobaric hypoxia (8% oxygen), or pair-feeding to the hypoxia group for 4 days. Plasma corticosterone and muscle GR signaling increased after hypoxia and pair-feeding. GR deficiency prevented muscle atrophy by pair-feeding but not by hypoxia. GR deficiency differentially affected activation of ubiquitin 26S-proteasome and autophagy proteolytic systems by pair-feeding and hypoxia. Reduced food intake suppressed mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity under normoxic but not hypoxic conditions, and this retained mTORC1 activity was mediated by GR. We conclude that GR signaling is required for muscle atrophy and increased expression of proteolysis-associated genes induced by decreased food intake under normoxic conditions. Under hypoxic conditions, muscle atrophy and elevated gene expression of the ubiquitin proteasomal system-associated E3 ligases Murf1 and Atrogin-1 are mostly independent of GR signaling. Furthermore, impaired inhibition of mTORC1 activity is GR-dependent in hypoxia-induced muscle atrophy.
Improved dielectric mirrors for the THz frequency range

Dielectric mirrors are widely used in optical setups for spectral regions such as UV, visible, as well as IR. Yet, for the rapidly growing field of terahertz spectroscopy dielectric multilayer optics are sparsely utilized. But with low-loss materials high quality THz optics can be obtained. We present two approaches for the realization of highly effective dielectric THz mirrors. First, four thin slices of high-resistivity silicon and five common polypropylene (PP) foils were alternately stacked together to obtain a broad reflection band. This stop-band blueshifts with increasing angles of incidence. But due to the high index step between Si and PP a band from 0.32 to 0.375 THz always remains the stopband for all incidence angles and both the s- and p-polarization. The measurement data obtained in reflection and transmission geometry are reproduced well by numerical simulations. With a minor change of the layer sequence a microresonator is obtained which reveals a sharp transmission peak at around 0.3 THz within the reflection band. The second material system consists of ceramic laminates of alumina (A) and alumina-zirconia (AZ). Measurements on 12.5 pairs of A/AZ layers yield a strong stop-band from 0.3 to 0.37 THz at normal incidence, which again match numerical simulations. The big advantage of the ceramic mirror is the rugged, quasimonolithic design of the sintered multilayer structure.
Atmospheric Sensors and Energy Harvesters on Overhead Power Lines

We demonstrate the feasibility of using novel, small energy harvesters to power atmospheric sensors and radios simply attached to a single conductor of existing overhead power distribution lines. We demonstrate the ability to harvest the required power for operating multiple atmospheric and power-system sensors, together with short-range radios that could broadcast atmospheric sensor data to the cellphones of people nearby. Occasional long-range broadcasts of the data could also be made of both atmospheric and power-line conditions.