Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effect of temporary transfers to 14 h on age at first egg in domestic pullets reared on 8-h photoperiods

1. Brown-egg pullets were reared on 8-h photoperiods and temporarily transferred at 80 d of age to 14-h photoperiods for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 or 12 d. Controls were either maintained on 8 h or permanently transferred to 14 h at 80 d. 2. Pullets given 8 or 12 long days matured 8–9 d earlier than constant 8-h controls, but 22–23 d later than pullets transferred permanently to long days. Mean age at first egg for the groups given 2, 4, 6 or 10 d of 14-h days were not significantly different from the 8-h controls. The mean weight of first egg and body weight at first egg for the temporarily-photostimulated groups were not significantly different from constant 8-h controls, but egg weights were ≥5·1 g and body weights at first egg ≥200 g heavier than the birds transferred permanently to 14 h. 3. It is concluded that up to 6 temporary long days may be given (from 80 d of age) without affecting the timing of sexual maturity, but that the provision of 8 or more long days will accelerate sexual development, though not to the extent of a permanent transfer, in most birds within a flock. A regression analysis of the ages at which the first and last birds in the groups given 6, 8, 10 or 12 long days matured suggested that about 20 d of photostimulation are required to achieve a mean age at first egg similar to that of birds permanently transferred to long days.
Lymph Is Not a Plasma Ultrafiltrate: A Proteomic Analysis of Injured Patients

ABSTRACT Studies on animal models have documented a role for the water-soluble protein fraction of mesenteric lymph as a conduit from hemorrhagic shock to acute lung injury and postinjury multiple organ failure. We hypothesize that mesenteric lymph is not an ultrafiltrate of plasma and contains specific protein mediators that may predispose patients to acute lung injury/multiple organ failure. Mesenteric lymph and plasma were collected from critically ill or injured patients and from nine patients with lymphatic injuries, during semielective spine reconstruction, or immediately before organ donation. Proteomic analyses were performed through immunoaffinity depletion of the 14 most abundant plasma proteins and 1D gel electrophoresis followed by liquid chromatography coupled online with mass spectrometry analyses. Overall, 548 proteins were identified in the patients undergoing semielective surgery, of which 155 were uniquely present in the lymph. In addition, the postshock plasma proteome was characterized by peculiar features, suggesting that only a partial overlap exists between the plasma and mesenteric lymph from trauma patients. Differential proteins between the matched plasma and mesenteric lymph from trauma patients could be related to coagulopathy and hypercoagulability, cell lysis, proinflammatory responses and immune system activation, extracellular matrix remodeling, lymph-specific immunomodulation and vascular hypoactivity/neoangiogenesis, and energy/redox metabolic adaptation to trauma. In conclusion, the proteome of mesenteric lymph is biologically different (in qualitative and quantitative terms) than that of a mere plasma ultrafiltrate.
‘Emancipation’ or ‘regulation’? Law, globalization and indigenous peoples’ rights in post-war Guatemala

During the last two decades processes of legal globalization have led to the increasing codification of the collective rights of indigenous peoples. In Latin America this shift towards ‘codifying culture’ began with a series of constitutional reforms during the 1990s which recognized a series of rights of indigenous people and the ratification by many states of the International Labour Organization's Convention 169 on the rights of indigenous and tribal peoples. For many, this regional ‘neoliberal multicultural’ turn (Hale, 2002, 2006) was not about recognizing rights as such, but rather heralded a series of governmental policies signalling limited acceptance of cultural diversity which ultimately facilitated transnational forms of capitalist accumulation. The limited gains of state-endorsed multiculturalism and the threats posed to indigenous livelihoods by the current commodities boom have encouraged a growing number of counter-hegemonic legal engagements, or legal globalization ‘from below’, which resort to ever more transnationalized legal pluralities (Santos & Rodríguez-Garavito, 2005). Indigenous people across Latin America continue to judicialize their protests, appealing to legal entitlements, including both ‘hard law’ (treaty and constitutional law) and ‘soft law’ (such as the internal norms of multilateral development institutions), in order to claim greater autonomy and protest against the effects of dominant patterns of economic development. Using Boaventura de Sousa Santos's heuristic device of the regulatory and emancipatory dimensions of law (Santos, 1998, 2002), in this article I examine the effects of legal globalization and the appropriation of legal instruments and discourses by indigenous people in post-war Guatemala. Specifically, I highlight the distinct legal frameworks, and conflicting notions of property, development, citizenship and democratic participation and voice at play in recent mobilizations against mining projects. The conclusions reflect on the possible effects of judicializing indigenous peoples’ political demands.
Assessing the costs of alternative development paths in Australian cities.

This paper explores the economic impacts associated with two iconic development types (urban redevelopment and fringe development) as their embodied costs are broken down into the categories of infrastructure provision, transportation costs, greenhouse gas emissions and health costs. The findings show that there are substantial cost savings associated with urban redevelopment. By far, the largest figures are associated with infrastructure and transportation while GHG emissions and health constitute smaller portions of total costs, although the latter do have serious implications in terms of the attainability of national emissions reductions targets (redevelopment will save 4,400 tonne of GHG per year for 1,000 dwellings) and the Australian population’s health and well being (now one of the most obese populations in the world). Emissions and health savings are closely related to active forms of travel that are only realizable in areas with high levels of amenity and servicing and high levels of transit access. Their cost savings over a 50 year urban lifetime are quite modest, $19.32 million and $4.23 million for 1000 dwellings, but if these more walkable, low emission developments are pursued then the savings in transport and infrastructure for 1000 dwellings are in the order of $86 million up-front for infrastructure and $250 million for annualized transportation costs over 50 years. A simple model is developed from these assessments that can be used to predict urban development costs associated with any proposed development in Australian cities or with the associated urban development from any major infrastructure decisions.
The effect of explicitly varying the proportion of “same” and “different” responses on sex differences in the Shepard and Metzler mental rotation task

The mental rotation of three-dimensional objects is consistently identified as the most salient cognitive sex difference in humans. The Shepard and Metzler task (1971) requires participants to rotate an object in their “mind's eye” and then compare the shape to a second object to identify if the two objects can be aligned in an identical orientation (warranting a “same” response) or represent mirror image shapes of one another (warranting a “different” response). The mental rotation task not only involves a rotational component but also nonrotational components such as comparison and decision making. Recent research has suggested that the sex difference in mental rotation resides in the nonrotational aspects of “different” decisions specifically. This experiment examined this proposal by varying the proportion of “different” decisions across conditions. Participants were ether exposed to the traditional format (50:50 same/different) or a bias towards (75:25) or away from (25:75) different responses. Contrary to previous research, the sex difference was found to reside in “same” responses that required a greater degree of rotation when assessing error rates in mental rotation. Sex differences in mental rotation error rates were particularly sensitive to the rotational aspect of same responses, not rotational aspects of different responses nor nonrotational aspects of both same and different responses. For reaction time, however, a sex difference emerged in the nonrotational aspects of the task. The bias described here affected these nonrotational aspects of the task, but not the rotational aspects, in line with prediction. A second study reran the experiment without making the bias explicit. Under this implicit bias, no sex differences were identified between conditions.
Emotional Dependency and Dysfunctional Relationship Beliefs as Predictors of Married Turkish Individuals’ Relationship Satisfaction

Abstract In this study, we examined married individuals’ relationship satisfaction in relation to their emotional dependency and dysfunctional relationship beliefs. Our participants consisted of 203 female and 181 male, a total of 384 married individuals from urban cities of Turkey. Controlling the effects of gender and length of marriage, we performed a hierarchical regression analysis. Results revealed that married Turkish individuals’ relationship satisfaction was significantly explained by their emotional dependency (sr 2 = .300, p < .001), and perceptions of interpersonal rejection (sr 2 = .075, p < .001) and unrealistic relationship expectations (sr 2 = .028, p < .001). However, interpersonal misperception did not make a significant contribution to the participants’ relationship satisfaction (p > .05). When compared to perceptions of interpersonal rejection and unrealistic relationship expectations, emotional dependency had the largest role in explaining participants’ satisfaction with their marriages. We discuss the results in light of current literature as well as cultural relevance. We also provide implications for future research and mental health practices.
Evaluación del daño moral en accidentes de tráfico: desarrollo y validación de un protocolo para la detección de la simulación

Evaluating psychological injury in motor vehicle accidents (MVA): development and validation of a protocol for detecting simulation. In order to assess the feigning ability of the psychological injury in a motor vehicle accident (MVA), a total of 105 subjects, which never had suffered a serious MVA and lay in psychopathology, responded to the MMPI-2 in line with the standard instructions. Thereafter, subjects were instructed to feign moral damage generated by a MVA prior to being evaluated using a clinical-forensic interview a week later, and responding to the MMPI-2 another week later. The results show that 60.9% of the subjects were able to effectively feign moral damage on the MMPI-2, and 3.8% in the forensic clinical interview. The analysis of the instruments and procedures for the validation of subject responses i.e., the original validity control scales of the MMPI-2 and the analysis of feigning strategies in the forensic clinical interview, revealed no efficacy in feigning detection. Nevertheless, collectively, all the control measures and procedures were effective for the detection of feigning. Therefore, a protocol for the detection of feigning of moral damage has been proposed.
Interactions of fathers and their children with autism1

The aim of the present study was to compare the activity of fathers and their children with autism with those of children with Down syndrome, and normally developing children during the father-child interaction. Participants were 14 children with autism and their fathers, 15 children with Down syndrome and their fathers, and 16 normally developing children and their fathers. The age of subjects was between 3.0 and 6.0 years old. The study consisted of one 15-minute free-play session in the father-child diad, taking place in the experiment room. Differences between the groups of fathers were found in terms of three variables under analysis: frequency of looking at the child, physical contact with the child and suggesting play. Children with autism brought objects to their fathers or pointed out objects and directed their fathers’ attention by vocalising less frequently than children with Down syndrome and normally developing children. Moreover, children with autism exhibited the fewest vocalisations combined with looking at the father and exhibited many more behaviours involving running and moving about the room than normally developing children. Self-stimulating behaviours were the most frequent in children with autism, with no differences in that respect found between children with Down syndrome and normally developing children. The analysis of fathers’ behaviour demonstrates that fathers of children with developmental disorders focus on observing their children and attempt to keep close contact with them to a larger extent than fathers of normally developing children. The pattern of differences in the activity of fathers of children with autism and children with Down syndrome does not paint a clear picture. In general, fathers from both groups actively sought to maintain contact with their children. Differences in the activity during play between children with autism and the other subjects in the study are consistent with the clinical features of autism.
Observance of the Buddhist Five Precepts, Subjective Wealth, and Happiness among Buddhists in Bangkok, Thailand

This study tests the Buddhist hypothesis that observance of Buddhist Five Precepts leads to subjective wealth, and happiness. Gotama Buddha defined happiness as the result of subjective wealth: having wealth, using wealth, not being in debt, and engaging in a harmless profession. Four hundred residents of Bangkok participated in the study by responding to scales assessing the extent of their observance of the Five Precepts, subjective wealth, and domain satisfactions and life satisfaction. Regression analyses were used to test the hypothesis. The results confirm that subjective wealth mediates the relationship between observance of the Five Precepts and happiness. Happiness begins by not transgressing upon oneself and violating others, and may depend less on what one has than on what one has left after paying off the bills.
Institutionalizing Strategic Communication in Europe – An Ideal Home or a Mad House? Evidence from a Survey in 37 Countries

Is strategic communication becoming an established discipline of practice across Europe? Is it in turn becoming institutionalized? And do we mean establishing a renowned practice at the heart of organizational operation? This article aims to address these questions while paying attention to the negative implications some of the terminology has in the English language. Institution is also the label given to prisons, hospitals and other physical structures that are used in society to organize and control groups of people. The article finds evidence that communication managers are not frustrated “inmates” but rather liberated and respected practitioners who are establishing themselves as permanent and necessary fixtures within the organizational infrastructure. As a consequence these practitioners and departments are becoming entwined parts of the organization and therefore institutionalized. Evidence is presented from data collected from 37 European countries from a sample of over 1,500 communication managers.
An Evaluation of a Psychotherapeutic Group Intervention for Persons Having Difficulty Coping with Musculoskeletal Disorders

ABSTRACT This study evaluated an 8-9 week psychotherapeutic group program designed to help people cope with the difficulties and changes that arise when living with musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders. Also examined were individual differences in client expectations about the benefits of the groups. Participants were 64 community-dwelling adults who completed questionnaires at the beginning, end, and three months after their final group session. Outcomes were mastery, coping efficacy, helplessness, self-acceptance and depression. Significant changes from pre- to post-intervention were found in mastery, depression, and coping-efficacy with effect sizes of . 50 or greater. Individuals who had concerns or reservations about participating in the groups gained from the intervention in the same ways as others who were more positive at the outset of the groups.
A Fully Autonomous Indoor Quadrotor

Recently, there has been increased interest in the development of autonomous flying vehicles. However, as most of the proposed approaches are suitable for outdoor operation, only a few techniques have been designed for indoor environments, where the systems cannot rely on the Global Positioning System (GPS) and, therefore, have to use their exteroceptive sensors for navigation. In this paper, we present a general navigation system that enables a small-sized quadrotor system to autonomously operate in indoor environments. To achieve this, we systematically extend and adapt techniques that have been successfully applied on ground robots. We describe all algorithms and present a broad set of experiments, which illustrate that they enable a quadrotor robot to reliably and autonomously navigate in indoor environments.
Instruction Addressing the Components of Scientific Literacy and Its Relation to Student Outcomes

The instruction of 11 seventh-grade life science teachers was observed to determine the extent to which they made linkages between science content and its societal, reasoning, historical, or attitudinal implications. Such linkages were hypothesized to facilitate students’ scientific literacy. Data on students’ perceptions of teacher instruction and scientific literacy outcomes were also gathered. Results showed that (a) teachers rarely or never addressed the noncontent components of science in their presentations and academic work assignments; (b) students perceived content as the prominent focus of their teachers’ instruction; and (c) teachers’ references to the noncontent components were unrelated to growth on all but one student outcome, where the association was negative. Altogether, the results indicate a large gap between scientific literacy as a normative goal of science instruction and current teaching practice. Furthermore, natural levels of reference to the noncontent components may be of such low frequency and quality as to preclude empirical tests of their effectiveness.
Gaseous tidal debris found in the NGC 3783 group

We have conducted wide-field Hi mapping of a ∼5.5 x 5.5-deg 2 region surrounding the NGC 3783 galaxy group, to an Hi mass limit of ∼4 x 10 8 M ⊙ . The observations were made using the multibeam system on the Parkes 64-m radiotelescope, as part of the Galaxy Evolution Multiwavelength Study. We find twelve H I detections in our Parkes data, four more than catalogued in H I Parkes All Sky Survey (HIPASS). We find two new group members, and discover an isolated region of H I gas with an Hi mass of ∼4 x 10 8 M ⊙ , without a visible corresponding optical counterpart. We discuss the likelihood of this Hi region being a low surface brightness galaxy, primordial gas, or a remnant of tidal debris. For the NGC 3783 group we derive a mean recession velocity of 2903 ± 26 km s -1 , and a velocity dispersion of 190 ± 24km s -1 . The galaxy NGC 3783 is the nearest galaxy to the luminosity-weighted centre of the group, and is at the group mean velocity. From the X-ray and dynamical state of this galaxy group, this group appears to be in the early stages of its evolution.
Application of a GIS-Based Slope Unit Method for Landslide Susceptibility Mapping along the Longzi River, Southeastern Tibetan Plateau, China

The Longzi River Basin in Tibet is located along the edge of the Himalaya Mountains and is characterized by complex geological conditions and numerous landslides. To evaluate the susceptibility of landslide disasters in this area, eight basic factors were analyzed comprehensively in order to obtain a final susceptibility map. The eight factors are the slope angle, slope aspect, plan curvature, distance-to-fault, distance-to-river, topographic relief, annual precipitation, and lithology. Except for the rainfall factor, which was extracted from the grid cell, all the factors were extracted and classified by the slope unit, which is the basic unit in geological disaster development. The eight factors were superimposed using the information content method (ICM), and the weight of each factor was acquired through an analytic hierarchy process (AHP). The sensitivities of the landslides were divided into four categories: low, moderate, high, and very high, respectively, accounting for 22.76%, 38.64%, 27.51%, and 11.09% of the study area. The accuracies of the area under AUC using slope units and grid cells are 82.6% and 84.2%, respectively, and it means that the two methods are accurate in predicting landslide occurrence. The results show that the high and very high susceptibility areas are distributed throughout the vicinity of the river, with a large component in the north as well as a small portion in the middle and the south. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct landslide warnings in these areas, where the rivers are vast and the population is dense. The susceptibility map can reflect the comprehensive risk of each slope unit, which provides an important reference for later detailed investigations, including research and warning studies.
‘Walking into a dark room’—the initial impressions of learner‐educators in further education and training

This paper takes as its focus the initial impressions of education and the role of the educator among those entering the ‘profession’ of ‘FE educator’. The research is carried out with those currently working as educators undertaking recognised teaching qualifications through part‐time, in‐service training at either C&G Stage 1 & 2 Combined or PGCE/Cert. Ed. level, at a large college of FE. The conflicting notions of the role of the educator in FE held by researchers in the sector are initially discussed and later compared with the views of the new learner‐educators. The research itself, which is the initial part of a larger study, focuses on the identification of preconceptions of the role of the educator held by educators new to the FE environment and their emotional responses to being in the position of educator. It is carried out through the construction of image‐based rebuses by individual learner‐educators responding to a series of statements and a subsequent oral deconstruction of the rebus during recorded semi‐structured discussions focusing on their views of their specific role(s) and their more general impressions of the educators' role in FE. The investigation identifies a number of key common strands among the opinions expressed by those involved in the study and looks at the impact that the role has on new educators at both a personal and professional level and the potential effect that this may have on the future development of the profession itself.