Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Complementarities and Substitutabilities Among Knowledge Sourcing Strategies and Their Impact on Firm Performance

Knowledge sourcing strategy (KSS) is regarded as a key determinant of successful Knowledge Management (KM). However, prior research on how KSSs can improve firm performance has produced inconsistent results. This may be due to inadequate consideration of complementary and substitutable relationships in KSSs. Whereas previous studies have assessed the impact of individual KSS on firm performance, in practice firms adopt several different KSSs simultaneously. Drawing on the Knowledge-based View (KBV) and the complementarity theory, this study investigates the impact of multiple KSSs, in terms of sourcing type and origin, to develop three sets of hypotheses on complementarity and substitutability. Survey data collected from 372 firms in Korea are analyzed to test the hypotheses using the supermodularity and submodularity functions. The results confirm complementary relationships between system- and external-oriented, between person- and internal-oriented, and among system-, person-, and internal-oriented strategies, as well as substitutable relationships between person- and external-oriented strategies. Interestingly, different knowledge sourcing patterns between knowledge intensive and non-knowledge intensive environments are revealed. This study expands KM research by developing a new conceptual framework of KSSs and employing advanced analytical approaches to explore the relationships between KSSs and firm performance. It also offers valuable practical suggestions for managers in selecting successful combinations of KSSs using a judicious combination of system- and externaloriented, of person- and internal-oriented, or of system-, person-, and internal-oriented strategies.
Managerial perceptions of corporate social disclosure: An Irish story

This paper interprets managerial perceptions of corporate social disclosure (CSD) presence and absence through the lens of organisational legitimacy theory. Evidence from in‐depth semi‐structured interviews with 29 senior managers in 27 Irish public limited companies is presented. It is one of the few studies to use interview‐based evidence in attempts to understand the motivations for CSD and responds to calls for more empirical work of this nature in the CSD literature. The paper extends and interrogates the use of legitimacy theory to infer motivations for CSD by presenting a narrative which contemplates conceptions of legitimacy as both a process and a state while endeavouring to understand the motives for CSD. In this manner, the paper furnishes a more complex, complete, and critical story of the motives for CSD. The perspectives suggest that while CSD may occasionally form part of a legitimacy process, ultimately this is misguided as it is widely perceived as being incapable of supporting the achievement of a legitimacy state. Consequently, for many managers, the continued practice of CSD is deemed somewhat perplexing. The paper reflects on the implications of these findings for future CSD research and practice.
Dexamethasone versus a combination of dexamethasone and ondansetron as prophylactic antiemetic in patients receiving intrathecal morphine for caesarean section.

BACKGROUND Intrathecal morphine for caesarean delivery provides excellent postoperative analgesia but it is commonly associated with nausea and vomiting. This prospective, randomized, double blind study was carried out to compare the effectiveness of a combination of dexamethasone and ondansetron with dexamethasone alone for prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) following intrathecal morphine injection for caesarean section. METHODS A total of 108 parturients aged 18-40 years for elective caesarean section were randomized into 2 groups (n=54) to receive either intravenous dexamethasone 8 mg (Group A) or a combination of intravenous dexamethasone 8 mg and ondansetron 4 mg (group B). The study drug for each group consisted of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine and 0.2mg morphine. The primary outcome variables were postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) which were assessed for a period of 24 hours. The patient's vital signs were monitored and documented. RESULTS The incidence of nausea and vomiting was significantly reduced in patients who received a combination of dexamethasone and ondansetron compared with dexamethasone alone (9.3% Vs 37%, respectively, P = 0.003). CONCLUSION This study showed that a combination of dexamethasone and ondansetron administered prophylactically significantly reduced the incidence of PONV in pregnant women on intrathecal morphine for caesarean section.
Manipulation of stem cell proliferation and lineage commitment: visualisation of label-retaining cells in wholemounts of mouse epidermis

Mammalian epidermis is maintained by stem cells that have the ability to self-renew and generate daughter cells that differentiate along the lineages of the hair follicles, interfollicular epidermis and sebaceous gland. As stem cells divide infrequently in adult mouse epidermis, they can be visualised as DNA label-retaining cells (LRC). With whole-mount labelling, we can examine large areas of interfollicular epidermis and many hair follicles simultaneously, enabling us to evaluate stem cell markers and examine the effects of different stimuli on the LRC population. LRC are not confined to the hair follicle, but also lie in sebaceous glands and interfollicular epidermis. LRC reside throughout the permanent region of the hair follicle, where they express keratin 15 and lie in a region of high α6β4 integrin expression. LRC are not significantly depleted by successive hair growth cycles. They can, nevertheless, be stimulated to divide by treatment with phorbol ester, resulting in near complete loss of LRC within 12 days. Activation of Myc stimulates epidermal proliferation without depleting LRC and induces differentiation of sebocytes within the interfollicular epidermis. Expression of N-terminally truncated Lef1 to block β-catenin signalling induces transdifferentiation of hair follicles into interfollicular epidermis and sebocytes and causes loss of LRC primarily through proliferation. We conclude that LRC are more sensitive to some proliferative stimuli than others and that changes in lineage can occur with or without recruitment of LRC into cycle.
Endothelial dysfunction and carotid lesions are strong predictors of clinical events in patients with early stages of atherosclerosis: a 24-month follow-up study

BackgroundThe purpose of this study was to investigate whether the vasodilator response to brachial artery and the presence of carotid lesions may have a prognostic significance in patients with early stages of atherosclerosis. Methods and resultsVascular echography was performed to analyze flow-mediated vasodilatation (FMD) at the brachial artery and intima–media thickness (IMT) of carotid arteries in 84 asymptomatic patients. At baseline, we evaluated all the established traditional cardiovascular risk factors. Transient ischemic attack, stroke, effort or unstable angina, acute myocardial infarction, peripheral arterial disease and cerebrovascular and cardiovascular death served as outcome variables over a follow-up period of 24 months. Brachial FMD was correlated inversely with carotid IMT (P=0.003), systolic blood pressure (P=0.0001) and age (P=0.0001). IMT was positively correlated with systolic blood pressure (P=0.0001), waist circumference (P=0.004) and age (P=0.01). At the end of the follow-up cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events were registered in 29% of the patients and in a multivariate analysis, including all the variables evaluated at baseline, male sex [odds ratio (OR) 1.6, P=0.005], the presence of baseline carotid lesions (OR 3.5, P=0.02) and FMD below the median (OR 3.2, P=0.03) were the only variables predictive of clinical events. ConclusionIn this study, endothelial dysfunction and carotid lesions significantly increased the risk of vascular events in asymptomatic patients with early stages of atherosclerosis. Assessment of systemic vasoreactivity and carotid IMT evaluation may provide, in this category of patients, important prognostic information in addition to that derived from traditional established cardiovascular risk factors.
Usefulness of albumin–bilirubin grade for evaluation of prognosis of 2584 Japanese patients with hepatocellular carcinoma

The Child–Pugh classification has some non‐objective factors, with chronic hepatitis indistinguishable from early liver cirrhosis in Child–Pugh A. We retrospectively evaluated the efficacy of albumin–bilirubin (ALBI) grade, which has been proposed as a new classification for hepatic function, for grading hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients based on hepatic function and predicting their prognosis.
Evolutionary robot vision and particle swarm optimization for Multiple human heads tracking of a partner robot

This paper discusses the advantage and disadvantage of evolutionary robot vision and particle swarm optimization for multiple human heads tracking. Evolutionary robot vision combines the technologies of the evolutionary computation and robot vision. Both of evolutionary computation and particle swarm optimization can perform the multiple human heads tracking well for feasible solution in a dynamic movement. This paper compares their performance. Finally, the proposed method is applied to a partner robot, and we discuss the effectiveness of the multiple human heads tracking in the natural communication with humans.
Ovine Fetal Immune Response to Cache Valley Virus Infection

ABSTRACT Cache Valley virus (CVV)-induced malformations have been previously reproduced in ovine fetuses. To evaluate the development of the antiviral response by the early, infected fetus, before the development of immunocompetency, ovine fetuses at 35 days of gestation were inoculated in utero with CVV and euthanized at 7, 10, 14, 21, and 28 days postinfection. The antiviral immune response in immature fetuses infected with CVV was evaluated. Gene expression associated with an innate, immune response was quantified by real-time quantitative PCR. The upregulated genes in infected fetuses included ISG15, Mx1, Mx2, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, TLR-7, and TLR-8. The amount of Mx1 protein, an interferon-stimulated GTPase capable of restricting growth of bunyaviruses, was elevated in the allantoic and amniotic fluid in infected fetuses. ISG15 protein expression was significantly increased in target tissues of infected animals. B lymphocytes and immunoglobulin-positive cells were detected in lymphoid tissues and in the meninges of infected animals. These results demonstrated that the infected ovine fetus is able to initiate an innate and adaptive immune response much earlier than previously known, which presumably contributes to viral clearance in infected animals.
Constraining the Nature of X-Ray Cavities in Clusters and Galaxies

We present results from an extensive survey of 64 cavities in the X-ray halos of clusters, groups, and normal elliptical galaxies. We show that the evolution of the size of the cavities as they rise in the X-ray atmosphere is inconsistent with the standard model of adiabatic expansion of purely hydrodynamic models. We also note that the majority of the observed bubbles should have already been shredded apart by Rayleigh-Taylor and Richtmyer-Meshkov instabilities if they were of purely hydrodynamic nature. Instead, we find that the data agree much better with a model where the cavities are magnetically dominated and inflated by a current-dominated MHD jet model, recently developed by Li and coworkers and Nakamura and coworkers. We conduct complex Monte Carlo simulations of the cavity detection process including incompleteness effects to reproduce the cavity sample’s characteristics. We find that the current-dominated model agrees within 1 σ, whereas the other models can be excluded at >5 σ confidence. To bring hydrodynamic models into better agreement, cavities would have to be continuously inflated. However, these assessments are dependent on our correct understanding of the detectability of cavities in X-ray atmospheres and will await confirmation when automated cavity detection tools become available in the future. Our results have considerable impact on the energy budget associated with AGN feedback.
Imaginario social de la Educación Física construido desde las teen series de televisión españolas

This research investigates the stereotype about physical education showed in Spanish "teen series",broadcasted on TV, which take as reference the school life. As a phenomenological study, it uses a qualitative methodology to analyse the information acquired from the viewing of the series that were the focus of the study (Companeros; Fisica o Quimica and El Internado). The software NVivo10 has supported the video cataloguing. The main results show a socially undervalued subject, rooted in a mechanistic approach, with a practical teacher, uncritical and intellectually devalued.
A comparative analysis of the distribution of prosomatostatin‐derived peptides in human and monkey neocortex

Comparative analyses were made of the immunohistochemical and biochemical distributions of three prosomatostatin‐derived peptides (PSDP) in human, perfused monkey, and unperfused monkey neocortex. The PSDP we examined were the tetradecapeptide somatostatin 14 (SS14); the N‐terminal extension of this peptide, somatostatin 28 (SS28); and somatostatin 281–12 (SS281–12). In immunohistochemical experiments, numerous SS28‐immunoreactive perikarya were located in both superficial and deep layers of perfused monkey cortex, but none were present in the cerebral cortex from unperfused monkey or autopsied human brains. In contrast, the number of SS281–12‐immunoreactive neurons was five times greater in the superficial cortical layers of unperfused monkey than of perfused monkey brain. Moreover, unperfused monkey and human cortex contained notably more SS14‐immunoreactive processes than perfused monkey cortex. These data suggested that SS28 may have been converted into SS14 and SS281–12 in unperfused tissue during the post‐mortem interval. This hypothesis was examined biochemically by measuring the levels of immunoreactivity of SS14, SS28, and SS281–12 in samples of unperfused monkey cortex frozen at different time intervals after removal from the brain. Samples frozen 10 minutes or longer after removal contained only 10–20% the level of SS28 immunoreactivity measured in samples frozen immediately or 1 minute after removal. The levels of SS14 and SS281–12 immunoreactivity did not demonstrate such reductions, and may instead have increased at early time points.
Day 4 is better than day 3 for a single patch test reading

Readings were performed on day (D)2, D3 and D4 after application of patch tests in NN patients. 90 patch lest reactions in 49 patients were interpreted as allergic und of past or present relevance. A single D2 reading detected 58 of the allergic reactions, with 32 false‐negatives and 23 false‐positives. A single D3 reading detected 77 allergic reactions, with 13 false‐negatives and 17 False‐positives. A single D4 reading detected 85 allergic reactions, with 5 false‐negatives und 4 false‐positives. Therefore, if only a single reading is feasible, it is better performed on D4 than on D3.
Role for nitric oxide in permeability of hippocampal neuronal hemichannels during oxygen glucose deprivation

Increased hemichannel opening induced by oxygen glucose deprivation (OGD) was reported in the hippocampal pyramidal neuron. It was suggested that the pannexin1 hemichannel opening could mediate ionic flux dysregulation, anoxic depolarization, and energy‐depleting efflux of glucose and ATP for ischemic neurons. However, the regulatory mechanisms of pannexin1 hemichannel opening have been poorly understood. Here we showed that excessive generation of nitric oxide (NO) during ischemia could induce the calcein leakage from neurons, which was markedly reduced by NO synthase inhibitor. The calcein leakage from neurons during OGD was also attenuated by the application of N‐ethylmaleimide (NEM), an SH‐alkylating agent, and dithiothreitol (DTT), a reducer of oxidized sulfhydryl groups. However, the soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) inhibitor had a minor effect on the calcein leakage during OGD. Furthermore, the elevated intracellular but not extracellular levels of glutathione could also inhibit the calcein leakage during OGD. Similar results were observed in metabolic inhibition (MI), which is another ischemic‐like condition. Finally, immunocytochemical and immunoblotting analysis revealed that, after 1 hr of OGD stimulation, the distribution and expression of pannexin1 showed no significant difference compared with control. However, the pannexin1 mRNA expression was elevated after 1 hr of OGD and a sustained increase was maintained during reperfusion. These results implied that the reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially NO, might be involved in the enhanced pannexin1 hemichannel opening and that the S‐nitrosylation but not the NO/cGMP pathway played a more important role in this event. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Evolutionary analysis and molecular dissection of caveola biogenesis

Caveolae are an abundant feature of mammalian cells. Integral membrane proteins called caveolins drive the formation of caveolae but the precise mechanisms underlying caveola formation, and the origin of caveolae and caveolins during evolution, are unknown. Systematic evolutionary analysis shows conservation of genes encoding caveolins in metazoans. We provide evidence for extensive and ancient, local and genomic gene duplication, and classify distinct caveolin gene families. Vertebrate caveolin-1 and caveolin-3 isoforms, as well as an invertebrate (Apis mellifera, honeybee) caveolin, all form morphologically identical caveolae in caveolin-1-null mouse cells, demonstrating that caveola formation is a conserved feature of evolutionarily distant caveolins. However, coexpression of flotillin-1 and flotillin-2 did not cause caveola biogenesis in this system. In contrast to the other tested caveolins, C. elegans caveolin is efficiently transported to the plasma membrane but does not generate caveolae, providing evidence of diversity of function in the caveolin gene family. Using C. elegans caveolin as a template to generate hybrid caveolin constructs we now define domains of caveolin required for caveolae biogenesis. These studies lead to a model for caveola formation and novel insights into the evolution of caveolin function.
Experiments on Domain Adaptation for Patent Machine Translation in the PLuTO project

The PLUTO 1 project (Patent Language Translations Online) aims to provide a rapid solution for the online retrieval and translation of patent documents through the integration of a number of existing state-of-the-art components provided by the project partners. The paper presents some of the experiments on patent domain adaptation of the Machine Translation (MT) systems used in the PLuTO project. The experiments use the International Patent Classification for domain adaptation and are focused on the English–French language pair.
Adult Low-grade Glioma: 19-year Experience at a Single Institution

Objectives:To determine prognostic factors and optimal timing of postoperative radiation therapy (RT) in adult low-grade gliomas. Methods:Records from 554 adults diagnosed with nonpilocytic low-grade gliomas at Mayo Clinic between 1992 and 2011 were retrospectively reviewed. Results:Median follow-up was 5.2 years. Histology revealed astrocytoma in 22%, oligoastrocytoma in 34%, and oligodendroglioma in 45%. Initial surgery achieved gross total resection in 31%, radical subtotal resection in 10%, subtotal resection (STR) in 21%, and biopsy only in 39%. Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were 11.4 and 4.1 years, respectively. On multivariate analysis, factors associated with lower OS included astrocytomas and use of postoperative RT. Adverse prognostic factors for PFS on multivariate analysis included tumor size, astrocytomas, STR/biopsy only and not receiving RT. Patients undergoing gross total resection/radical subtotal resection had the best OS and PFS. Comparing survival with the log-rank test demonstrated no association between RT and PFS (P=0.24), but RT was associated with lower OS (P<0.0001). In patients undergoing STR/biopsy only, RT was associated with improved PFS (P<0.0001) but lower OS (P=0.03). Postoperative RT was associated with adverse prognostic factors including age > 40 years, deep tumors, size≥5 cm, astrocytomas and STR/biopsy only. Patients delaying RT until recurrence experienced 10-year OS (71%) similar to patients never needing RT (74%; P=0.34). Conclusions:This study supports the association between aggressive surgical resection and better OS and PFS, and between postoperative RT and improved PFS in patients receiving STR/biopsy only. In addition, our findings suggest that delaying RT until progression is safe in patients who are eligible.
Type 1 diabetes patients have lower strength in femoral bone determined by quantitative computed tomography: A cross-sectional study

Previous studies have reported osteoporosis measured by dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry in younger patients with type 1 diabetes. Limitations of 2‐D imaging, however, limit the precision of dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry for the measurement of bone mineral density and bone strength.
Herzberg's motivation-hygiene theory and job satisfaction in the malaysian retail sector: the mediating effect of love of money

This paper examines what motivates employees in the retail industry, and examines their level of job satisfaction, using Herzberg's hygiene factors and motivators. In this study, convenience sampling was used to select sales personnel from women's clothing stores in Bandar Sunway shopping mall in the state of Selangor. The results show that hygiene factors were the dominant motivators of sales personnel job satisfaction. Working conditions were the most significant in motivating sales personnel. Recognition was second, followed by company policy and salary. There is a need to delve more deeply into why salespeople place such a high importance on money. Further analysis was performed to assess how much the love of money mediates the relationship between salary and job satisfaction. Based on the general test for mediation, the love of money could explain the relationship between salary and job satisfaction. The main implication of this study is that sales personnel who value money highly are satisfied with their salary and job when they receive a raise.