Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Opinion: Integration of diagnostic and management perspectives for placenta accreta

The 2007 New South Wales/Queensland Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists Annual Scientific Meeting convened a panel to discuss multidisciplinary perspectives on the management of placenta accreta, percreta or increta. While it was anticipated that this panel would stimulate discussion, the cohesion between the approaches was underestimated. This document represents an integration of the perspectives of the invited speakers at this presentation, with backgrounds in maternal–fetal medicine, gynaecological oncology, radiology and general obstetrics and gynaecology.
Morality in the Mountains

In this article, we analyze Canadian newspaper coverage of recent events in which backcountry adventurers have found themselves in need of assistance from rescue organizations. We interrogate discourses of risk and responsibility, exploring the ways in which the media constructs these backcountry enthusiasts as responsible to and for specific (e.g., family) and generalized (e.g., society) others. These discourses, we argue, produce and reproduce neoliberal notions of risk management, constructing citizens as responsible for managing their “risk profiles. ”
Asymptotic capacity analysis of downlink MIMO systems with co-located and distributed antennas

Despite the common belief that substantial capacity gains can be achieved by employing a large number of antennas at the base-station (BS) side in cellular networks, the effect of BS antenna topology on the capacity scaling behavior is little understood. This paper presents a comparative study on the asymptotic capacity of a downlink single-user multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) system with multiple BS antennas which are either co-located or grouped into uniformly distributed clusters. The analysis reveals that when the ratio L of the number of BS antennas to the number of user antennas is large, the average per-antenna capacities in both cases logarithmically increase with L, but in the orders of log2 L and α/2 log2 L for the co-located and distributed antenna layouts, respectively, where α>2 denotes the path-loss factor. A higher capacity is achieved by distributing the BS antennas thanks to the reduction of the minimum access distance.
Turkish Parliamentarians' Perspectives on Turkey's Relations with the European Union

Turkey is currently one of the 13 candidates for European Union (EU) membership. Among these candidates, it has a long association with the EU (since 1963) and the oldest standing application for membership (since 1987). Despite this history, when the EU embarked on its enlargement process in the 1990s it did not include Turkey in its list of prospective candidates. During the Luxembourg summit of December 1997, the European Council decided to clear the path for the Union’s enlargement towards the Central and Eastern European countries and Cyprus, basing its decision upon the European Commission’s proposal in its Agenda 2000 of July 1997. 1 However, it was only quite recently, during the Helsinki summit of the European Council of December 1999, that the EU included Turkey in this process of enlargement by granting it candidacy. Officially, the major obstacle to Turkey’s accession is the need to meet the Copenhagen criteria adopted in 1993, 2 but there are other important obstacles that are not part of the Copenhagen criteria which still play a significant role in the accession process, such as Turkey’s relations with Greece—a member of the EC/EU since 1981. Particularly important within the general framework of Turkey’s relations with Greece is the Cyprus problem. The EU’s Accession Partnership Document (APD) of November 2001 has included the resolution of the Cyprus issue among the medium term objectives that Turkey must meet. Thus, Turkey’s adherence to the Copenhagen criteria will officially determine when and under what conditions the EU will begin accession negotiations with Turkey, but the resolution of the Cyprus conflict is likely to be an equally important factor in determining the opening date for Turkey’s accession negotiations. It is, therefore, important to assess the extent to which the Turkish public and its representatives are aware of the critical importance of these factors. Throughout this often turbulent history of relations between the EU and Turkey very little was known about how Turkish citizens view these relations. This analysis begins by briefly reviewing Turkish-EU relations 11
New wrinkles in retinal densitometry.

PURPOSE Retinal densitometry provides objective information about retinal function. But, a number of factors, including retinal reflectance changes that are not directly related to photopigment depletion, complicate its interpretation. We explore these factors and suggest a method to minimize their impact. METHODS An adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscope (AOSLO) was used to measure changes in photoreceptor reflectance in monkeys before and after photopigment bleaching with 514-nm light. Reflectance measurements at 514 nm and 794 nm were recorded simultaneously. Several methods of normalization to extract the apparent optical density of the photopigment were compared. RESULTS We identified stimulus-related fluctuations in 794-nm reflectance that are not associated with photopigment absorptance and occur in both rods and cones. These changes had a magnitude approaching those associated directly with pigment depletion, precluding the use of infrared reflectance for normalization. We used a spatial normalization method instead, which avoided the fluctuations in the near infrared, as well as a confocal AOSLO designed to minimize light from layers other than the receptors. However, these methods produced a surprisingly low estimate of the apparent rhodopsin density (animal 1: 0.073 ± 0.006, animal 2: 0.032 ± 0.003). CONCLUSIONS These results confirm earlier observations that changes in photopigment absorption are not the only source of retinal reflectance change during dark adaptation. It appears that the stray light that has historically reduced the apparent density of cone photopigment in retinal densitometry arises predominantly from layers near the photoreceptors themselves. Despite these complications, this method provides a valuable, objective measure of retinal function.
Soft and intermediate plaques in coronary arteries: how accurately can we measure CT attenuation using 64-MDCT?

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to validate the accuracy of 64-MDCT densitometry of soft and intermediate plaques. MATERIALS AND METHODS Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin (47 H) and acrylic (110 H) were used to simulate soft and intermediate plaques, respectively, in coronary artery models (diameters of 3 and 4 mm). The variable parameters were heart rate (50, 65, 80, and 95 beats per minute), reconstruction algorithm (half and segmentation), coronary artery enhancement (150, 250, 350, and 450 H), CT densitometry site (arterial lumen or center), shape of plaque (D-shaped, centric, and eccentric), and level of stenosis due to plaque (25%, 50%, and 75% of arterial diameter). Measured CT attenuation values of soft and intermediate plaques were compared for different combinations of parameters. Repeated measures analysis of variance, Wilcoxon's signed rank, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal-Wallis tests were used for statistical analyses. RESULTS For measuring soft plaque, CT densitometry was accurate at low heart rates with the use of a half reconstruction algorithm (p < 0.01) on intracoronary artery enhancement of 250 H (p < 0.01). For both soft and intermediate plaques, the densitometry measurements near the arterial lumen were overestimated and higher than those at the center (p < 0.01). For plaques that were 50% or more of the arterial diameter, accurate CT densitometry was possible. CONCLUSION Coronary artery enhancement has a significant impact on 64-MDCT densitometry measurements of coronary artery plaques, especially of soft plaques. A large plaque size, densitometry performed not near the arterial lumen but at the center of the plaque, intracoronary enhancement of 250 H, and a low heart rate increase the accuracy of plaque densitometry.
Travels in ‘becoming-Aboriginal’: research reciprocating between anecdotes and theory

Abstract While undertaking research for a PhD on Aboriginal cultural tourism, I began to wonder how the strategy of reflexivity – or an awareness of one's own presence, one's ‘positioning’ – could be employed to further enhance an analysis of the connections between experience, data and theory. This article presents an experimental effort in opening up more orthodox or conventional analyses of tourism to include personal experience, of researcher, tourists and operators, as a means of understanding how desire operates in the field of cultural tourism. In doing so, an interplay between anecdotes and theory attempts to demonstrate how the social and political forces inherent in desire motivate and impact on people in their roles as travellers, tourists and tour operators. The opportunity for personal intimacy available in the (inter)cultural tourism experience is invaluable for people to reflect on not only their own (perhaps mistaken) perceptions and attitudes towards Aboriginality, but also to consider their own subjective positions as Australians. This has significant relevance in the contribution to, and perhaps reordering of, wider socio-political discourses such as reconciliation that frame Australian intercultural relations.
Analisis Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Indeks Prestasi Mahasiswa

Penelitian ini dilaksanakan untuk mengungkap dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perolehan indeks prestasi mahasiswa. Populasi penelitian adalah mahasiswa program studi Pendidikan Matematika FMIPA Unnes dan dipilih sampel sebanyak 3 kelas. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara stratified cluster random samplingdengan sampel penelitian berjumlah 114 mahasiswa. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Indeks Prestasi (IP) mahasiswa dipengaruhi oleh beberapa variabel antara lain: variabel suasana hati, membagi waktu, hubungan dengan keluarga, penjelasan dosen, suasana tempat tinggal, kegiatan selain kuliah, bakat, adaptasi lingkungan, pantauan orang tua, perhatian orang tua, pergaulan, makan dan gizi, IQ dan EQ, kemampuan sosialisasi, kondisi keuangan, suasana belajar kampus, panca indera kemampuan menangkap materi, dan olahraga. Setelahdilakukan analisis faktor dan proses reduksi diperoleh5 faktor yang mempengaruhi IP mahasiswa. Lima faktor tersebut adalah Faktor Manajemen Diri, Faktor Lingkungan Sekitar, Faktor Kondisi Eksternal, Faktor Kondisi Fisik dan Faktor Olahraga. Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat bagi mahasiswa serta para dosen khususnya penentu kebijakan di jurusan Matematika FMIPA Unnes, untuk mengembangkan serta meningkatkan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi IP mahasiswa yang berhubungan dengan kebijakan dalam kampus agar dapat memberikan kontribusi positif bagi perolehan IP mahasiswa. Kata kunci : analisis faktor, indeks prestasi, mahasiswa.
Sense of humor as a moderator of the relation between stressors and moods.

Three studies are reported that investigated the hypothesis, long held by theorists, therapists, and laypersons alike, that a sense of humor reduces the deleterious impact of stressful experiences. In each study a negative-life-events checklist was used to predict stress scores on a measure of mood disturbance. These studies made use of different measures of subjects' sense of humor, including four selfreport scales and two behavioral assessments of subjects' ability to produce humor under nonstressful and mildly stressful conditions. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses revealed that five of the six humor measures produced a significant moderating effect on the relation between negative life events and mood disturbance. Subjects with low humor scores obtained higher correlations between these two variables than did those with high humor scores. These results provide initial evidence for the stress-buffering role of humor. The notion that humor possesses therapeutic properties has long enjoyed popular support. This idea can be traced at least as far back as the ancient biblical maxim that "a merry heart doeth good like a medicine" (Proverbs 17:22), and it has gained recent support from the account of Norman Cousins's (1979) recovery from a serious collagen disea.se through massive doses of laughter and vitamin C. Recently, Dixon (1980) cogently argued that humor may have evolved as a uniquely human strategy for coping with stress.
An Investigation of the Relationship of Student Performance on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test with Other Clinical Measures

The Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) is widely used for neuropsychological assessment of executive functions. Although the literature notes that the WCST is a measure of abstract reasoning and cognitive flexibility, there has been little data relative to the constructs that are assessed when the test is used with children or to the relationship between WCST performance and performance on other child assessment tools. This study of 94 children and adolescents referred for psychological evaluations investigated the relationship between scores obtained on the WCST and scores from child and adult versions of the Wechsler intelligence scales and the Delis-Kaplan Executive Function System, and selected Scale scores from the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Functions and the Behavior Assessment System for Children, based on ratings obtained from parents and teachers. The results suggest a modest relationship between WCST scores and the scores from other cognitive tests and rating scales, although students generally received higher Wechsler Matrix Reasoning scores than WCST Conceptual Level Response scores. In reviewing the performance of these 94 students, results also suggest differences in performance, based on test administration format (computer or manual) and by age groupings, with older students outperforming younger in spite of age-corrected scores. Analysis of response patterns, particularly the number of trials to complete the second set, and of performance observations suggest that use of a process approach may be helpful in identifying set-shifting and sustained attention difficulties of students not otherwise identified, using the existing WCST scoring Wisconsin Card Sorting Test iv procedures. This study suggests that the WCST may offer unique and important insights into the executive function capacities of children and adolescents. Wisconsin Card Sorting Test v Table of
Religious People, Religious Congregations, and Volunteerism in Human Services: Is there a Link?

The literature on volunteerism is voluminous, yet there is very little that examines the relationship between religious belief or observance and volunteerism. Religious belief may relate to an individual's decision to engage in volunteer activity. Religious observance may lead to organized volunteer activities that have a systemic impact on the community. Yet both are inadequately studied. The purpose of this article is to explore the link between religious beliefs and volunteerism and to shed light on the impact of religious observance on volunteering.
Conditional ablation of T‐cell development by a novel viral ion channel transgene

A novel conditional‐lethal transgene system is defined in which a mutated influenza A virus ion‐channel protein, which is permeable to monovalent cations, is lethal to cells on heterotypic expression and whose activity can be blocked by an antiviral drug (amantadine), is used to reversibly disrupt T‐cell development. In vivo expression of the M2 ion channel, as a transgene under control of the T‐cell specific p56Lck proximal promoter, resulted in total ablation of T‐cell development with the accumulation of three distinct populations of early progenitor cells (CD44+ CD25−; CD44+ CD25+; CD44+ CD25hi) in the thymic rudiment. In vitro development of transgenic fetal thymic progenitors to single‐positive T cells could be rescued by antiviral drug treatment. Moreover, there was a radical reduction in B‐cell lymphopoiesis, evident at the pre‐B‐cell stage, with a twofold increase of lymphoid cells ‘in cycle’ in transgenic bone marrow, indicative of major changes in haematopoietic homeostasis. This system may provide a generic protocol for conditional, lineage‐specific cell ablation with available tissue‐specific promoters for any eukaryotic developmental system, and provide a window on early T‐cell development.
The Effect of Malice on the Social Optimum in Linear Load Balancing Games

In this note we consider the following problem to study the effect of malicious players on the social optimum in load balancing games: Consider two players SOC and MAL controlling (1-f) and f fraction of the flow in a load balancing game. SOC tries to minimize the total cost faced by her players while MAL tries to maximize the same. If the latencies are linear, we show that this 2-player zero-sum game has a pure strategy Nash equilibrium. Moreover, we show that one of the optimal strategies for MAL is to play selfishly: let the f fraction of the flow be sent as when the flow was controlled by infinitesimal players playing selfishly and reaching a Nash equilibrium. This shows that a malicious player cannot cause more harm in this game than a set of selfish agents. We also introduce the notion of Cost of Malice - the ratio of the cost faced by SOC at equilibrium to (1-f)OPT, where OPT is the social optimum minimizing the cost of all the players. In linear load balancing games we bound the cost of malice by (1+f/2).
Toll-Like Receptor-2 Modulates Ventricular Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction

Background—Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are members of the interleukin-1 receptor family and transduce similar signals as interleukin-1 receptor in response to exogenous pathogens. Recent studies have demonstrated that TLRs are activated by endogenous signals, such as heat shock proteins and oxidative stress, that may contribute to ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction. In this study, we determined whether TLR-2 was involved in cardiac remodeling after myocardial infarction. Methods and Results—Myocardial infarction was induced by surgical left anterior descending coronary artery ligation on wild-type (WT) mice and TLR-2–knockout (KO) mice. The survival rate was significantly higher in KO mice than in WT mice 4 weeks after myocardial infarction (65% versus 43%, P <0.03). Infarct size and degree of inflammatory cell infiltration in infarct area were similar between WT and KO mice. However, myocardial fibrosis in the noninfarct area of KO mice was much less than in WT mice (P <0.01) and was accompanied by reduced transforming growth factor-&bgr;1 and collagen type 1 mRNA expressions (P <0.01 and P <0.05, respectively). Left ventricular dimensions at end diastole were smaller in KO mice than in WT mice at 1 week (P <0.05) and 4 weeks (P <0.01) after surgery. Furthermore, fractional shortening was higher (27.7±2.5% versus 21.2±2.6%, P <0.05, at 1 week, and 24.3±2.0% versus 16.6±2.5%, P <0.01, at 4 weeks) in KO mice compared with WT mice. Conclusions—These data suggest that TLR-2 plays an important role in ventricular remodeling after myocardial infarction.
Individual, social environmental and physical environmental barriers to achieving 10 000 steps per day among older women.

UNLABELLED This study examined the determinants of attaining/not attaining 10 000 steps per day among older women. METHODS Daily step counts over 7 days were measured using accelerometry. Self-reported environmental characteristics, self-efficacy, social support and functional limitations were assessed in 128 older women. The presence of areas for activity within 1 km of each participant's residence was assessed using Geographic Information Systems. Multivariate analysis of variances were used to examine the degree to which these groups differed on measured constructs, and discriminant analysis was used to determine the profiles that discriminate among those who did not attain 10 000 steps per day and those who did. RESULTS Participants who did not attain 10 000 steps per day reported lower self-efficacy (P < 0.05), greater functional limitations (P < 0.05), had significantly fewer walking paths (P < 0.05) within 1 km of their home and reported significantly less street connectivity (P < 0.05) and safety from traffic (P < 0.05) than those who achieved 10 000 steps per day. CONCLUSION Lack of perceived and actual environmental supports for walking, more functional limitations and lower self-efficacy are barriers to achieving 10 000 steps per day. The absence of these individual and environmental characteristics inhibits walking behavior in older women and should be considered in campaigns to promote a physically active lifestyle.
Parental Support and Outcome in Sexually Abused Children

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to compare how parental support, attachment of the parent, and the child's report regarding the quality of the parent/child relationship differentially relate to child and parent reports of the child's symptomatology. After controlling for those variables that covary with it, parental support was only significantly related to 2 of 17 scales of parent- and child-reported symptomatology. Parent attachment and the child's report regarding the quality of the parent/child relationship were better predictors than parental support of the child's outcome but varied in the manner in which they contributed to outcome.
Smells like team spirit: Opening a paradoxical black box

Despite the common usage of the term, researchers and practitioners have not been able properly to explain what team spirit is and what benefits and drawbacks it might bring to teams. Several definitions have been proposed, but not in a consistent manner. Using a qualitative approach, we worked with one football team to shed light on how individuals experience and characterize team spirit. Our results suggest that team spirit is built around four paradoxes: these are a paradox of selfless egoism; a paradox of results; a paradox of conflict, and a paradox of relationships. Essentially, team spirit can be viewed as an inter-subjectively shared facility with which individual members of a team can balance opposing tensions in a consistent way, managing to maintain a healthy synthesis between individual and collective needs and expectations, preventing the team from dominating the individuals, as well as specific individuals from capturing the team.