Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Optimum Combination of Insulin-Transferrin-Selenium and Fetal Bovine Serum for Culture of Rabbit Articular Chondrocytes in Three-Dimensional Alginate Scaffolds

Fetal bovine serum (FBS) has been reported to affect chondrocyte biosynthesis in monolayer culture. Insulin-Transferrin-Selenium (ITS) was investigated as a partial replacement for FBS during in vitro culture of rabbit articular chondrocytes in three-dimensional alginate scaffold. Chondrocyte-seeded alginate hydrogels were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium plus 10% FBS, 1% ITS plus 2% FBS, 1% ITS plus 4% FBS, or 1% ITS plus 8% FBS. At designed time point, the Chondrocyte-seeded alginate hydrogels were harvested and evaluated with histological staining, immunohistochemistry, and quantitative gene expression analysis. Viable cell density and cell division were also evaluated. Chondrocytes biosynthesis and cell division in 1% ITS with 2% FBS medium were similar to that in medium added with 10% FBS. For a total culture of 3 weeks, phenotypic gene expression in chondrocyte-seeded hydrogels was maintained at high levels in medium with 1% ITS plus 2% FBS, while it was decreased to varying degrees in the other groups. In conclusion, with 1% ITS, medium with 2% FBS could promote chondrocyte biosynthesis and cell division, and prevented cell dedifferentiation in three-dimensional alginate scaffolds.
Chloroquine-treatment failure in northern Ghana: roles of pfcrt T76 and pfmdr1 Y86

Abstract Although chloroquine (CQ) monotherapy is now generally inadequate for the treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria in northern Ghana — recently, 58% of 225 children failed treatment by day 14 — use of the drug continues because of its low cost and wide availability. The risk factors associated with CQ-treatment failure in this region of Africa, including the T76 mutation in the chloroquine resistance transporter (pfcrt) gene and the Y86 mutation in the multidrug resistance (pfmdr1) gene of P. falciparum, have now been investigated, and genotype-failure indices (GFI) have been calculated. Treatment failure was found to be associated with young age, poor nutritional status, pfcrt T76 and pfmdr1 Y86, and early treatment failure (ETF) was also associated with high parasitaemia. The presence and concentration of 'residual' CQ in the blood of patients immediately before they were treated with CQ for the present study appeared to have no effect on outcome. Presence at recruitment of pfcrt T76 or pfmdr1 Y86 or both mutations increased the risk of treatment failure by 3.2-, 2.4- and 4.5-fold, and the risk of ETF by 9.8-, 2.7- and 10.2-fold, respectively. The pfcrt T76 GFI for clinical and all treatment failures were 2.8 and 1.4, respectively. These indices were relatively low in the younger children, those with malnutrition, and those with high parasitaemias when treated. Residual CQ did not affect the GFI substantially. Both pfcrt T76 and, to a lesser extent, pfmdr1 Y86 would be useful tools for the surveillance of CQ resistance in northern Ghana. In the current transition phase to alternative first-line treatment for P. falciparum malaria, it should be possible to provide estimates of the level of CQ resistance by monitoring the prevalences of these mutations.
NAP1-Assisted Nucleosome Assembly on DNA Measured in Real Time by Single-Molecule Magnetic Tweezers

While many proteins are involved in the assembly and (re)positioning of nucleosomes, the dynamics of protein-assisted nucleosome formation are not well understood. We study NAP1 (nucleosome assembly protein 1) assisted nucleosome formation at the single-molecule level using magnetic tweezers. This method allows to apply a well-defined stretching force and supercoiling density to a single DNA molecule, and to study in real time the change in linking number, stiffness and length of the DNA during nucleosome formation. We observe a decrease in end-to-end length when NAP1 and core histones (CH) are added to the dsDNA. We characterize the formation of complete nucleosomes by measuring the change in linking number of DNA, which is induced by the NAP1-assisted nucleosome assembly, and which does not occur for non-nucleosomal bound histones H3 and H4. By rotating the magnets, the supercoils formed upon nucleosome assembly are removed and the number of assembled nucleosomes can be counted. We find that the compaction of DNA at low force is about 56 nm per assembled nucleosome. The number of compaction steps and associated change in linking number indicate that NAP1-assisted nucleosome assembly is a two-step process.
Direct Deposit -- When Message Passing Meets Shared Memory

Abstract : Assuming that most code for parallel and distributed systems will be written by some parallelizing compiler or a high-level parallel program generator tool chain the actual machine model (coherent shared memory or message passing distributed memory) will become less significant to the application writer. The focus will shift to providing the best possible data transfer services with the least complex and least expensive hardware technology. This thesis deals with the search for the best possible transfer services for parallel program generators and comprises several models to establish a better conceptional structure in the problem space of possible solution. As an experimental study, it also describes several experimental communications system on five different parallel or distributed computing platforms that serve as data points to verify the proper handling of alternatives and tradeoffs. In this revision of a Doctoral thesis, the author concedes that High Performance Fortran (HPF) and the well-promised ubiquitous programming generators that were to make parallel programming as easy as scripting a few GUI gadgets into an Internet browser did not really materialize. Instead, a large number of programmers coming from other disciplines have been trained and hired to program and maintain high-performance computing codes, like message passing parallel programs. For the validity and significance of the arguments in this thesis this trend is no problem. Ultimately, the programming of parallel and distributed applications by humans or programming through tools like program generators will raise exactly the same problems. The winner for the most efficient (i.e., the best data transfer services with the least amount of hardware support) is neither a pure coherent shared memory architecture nor a pure, coarse grain message passing distributed memory architecture. Looking at end-to-end transfers, the optimum lies in between the two extremes.
International Journal of Intelligent Computing and Cybernetics Implicit memory-based technique in solving dynamic scheduling problems through Response Surface Methodology – Part I : Model and method

Purpose – This is the first part of a two-part paper. The purpose of this paper is to report on methods that use the Response Surface Methodology (RSM) to investigate an Evolutionary Algorithm (EA) and memory-based approach referred to as McBAR – the Mapping of Task IDs for Centroid-Based Adaptation with Random Immigrants. Some of the methods are useful for investigating the performance (solution-search abilities) of techniques (comprised of McBAR and other selected EAbased techniques) for solving some multi-objective dynamic resource-constrained project scheduling problems with time-varying number of tasks. Design/methodology/approach – The RSM is applied to: determine some EA parameters of the techniques, develop models of the performance of each technique, legitimize some algorithmic components of McBAR, manifest the relative performance of McBAR over the other techniques and determine the resiliency of McBAR against changes in the environment. Findings – The results of applying the methods are explored in the second part of this work. Originality/value – The models are composite and characterize an EA memory-based technique. Further, the resiliency of techniques is determined by applying Lagrange optimization that involves the models.
Approximate inference in probabilistic relational models

Probabilistic Relational Models (PRMs) are a type of directed graphical model used in the setting of statistical relational learning. PRMs are an extension to Bayesian networks, a popular model which assumes independence between observations. A PRM aims to exploit the logical structure that is often present between observations. We present two approximate inference methods for PRMs. First, we propose an algorithm based on Gibbs sampling that makes use of the relational structure for fast and scalable inference. We then consider PRMs with reference uncertainty, which are models that contain uncertainty about the relational structure itself. We propose an inference method based on a Metropolis-Hasting algorithm which depends on a sparse data structure that decreases the model complexity. Finally we present a software framework called ProbReM that can be used to model and perform inference on PRMs.
Interaction analysis of sharia financial institution assets, sharia investment and exports on gross domestic product in Indonesia

IntroductionIn macroeconomics, one of the key indicators influencing a country's economic success is its economic growth. An essential factor in determining a nation's economic growth is the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). ObjectivesThis research aims to analyze the level of interaction between Islamic financial institutions, Sharia investments, and export activities in Indonesia, examining their impact on the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) over the short and long term, spanning the period 2017-2022.MethodThe study employs a quantitative research approach, specifically utilizing the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) method.ResultsThe results of the Vector Error Correction Model (VECM) reveal two significant variables in the long term. The causality test results indicate a significant relationship between Indonesian exports and Sharia investment. The Variance Decomposition analysis reveals that Sharia Financial Institution Assets contribute 2.7 percent, followed by Sharia Investment at 0.3 percent, and Indonesian Exports at 0.03 percent to the variation in GDP.ImplicationsThis suggests that Indonesian exports significantly impact Sharia investment, and vice versa. However, concerning Gross Domestic Product (GDP), none of the variables exhibit significance. The development of income across various institutions and economic activities in Indonesia indicates a significant increase in the last three years.Originality/NoveltyThese findings provide valuable insights into the economic dynamics of Indonesia, offering a basis for further research and policymaking.
Spatial Genetic Patterning of the Embryonic Neuroepithelium Generates GABAergic Interneuron Diversity in the Adult Cortex

Cortical pyramidal cells are generated from pallial neuroepithelial precursors, whereas GABAergic interneurons originate in subpallial germinal zones and migrate tangentially to reach the cortex. Using Cre–lox technology in transgenic mice and a series of molecular markers that subdivide the subpallial neuroepithelium into small domains, we fate-map precursor pools and identify interneurons generated from each domain. Cortical interneurons expressing calbindin, parvalbumin, and somatostatin are generated exclusively from Lhx6 (Lim homeobox 6)-expressing precursors in the medial ganglionic eminence (MGE). Martinotti cells that coexpress calretinin and somatostatin are generated from the dorsal region of the MGE neuroepithelium that expresses Nkx6.2 (NK2 transcription factor-related 6.2). Most neuropeptide Y-expressing cells and all bipolar calretinin-expressing interneurons are generated outside the MGE, from the germinal zones of the lateral/caudal ganglionic eminences that express Gsh2 (genomic screened homeobox 2). Our data demonstrate that subpallial neuroepithelial domains defined by expression of genetic determinants generate distinct interneuron subtypes, thereby contributing to the generation of cortical interneuron heterogeneity observed in the adult cortex.
Measuring the expected gain of communicating constraint information

In this paper we investigate methods for measuring the expected utility from communicating information in multi-agent planning and scheduling problems. We consider an environment where human teammates can potentially add information to relax constraint information. As these problems are NP-complete, no polynomial algorithms exist for evaluating the impact of either adding or relaxing a certain constraint will have on the global problem. We present a general approach based on a notion we introduce called problem tightness. Distributed agents use this notion to identify those problems which are not overly constrained and, therefore, will not benefit from additional information that would relax those constraints. Finally, agents apply traditional machine learning methods based on their specific local problem attributes to attempt to identify which of the constrained problems will most benefit from added information. We evaluated this approach within a distributed c-TAEMS scheduling domain and found that this approach was effective overall.
Intellectual Capital

Intellectual Capital is the value that an organization has due to the competencies of its workforce and other intangible organizational factors. It can be determined as the difference between the total value of the organization and the value of its tangible assets. In today’s world of cut-throat competition, it has become important for organizations to leverage their use of intellectual assets as their competitive advantage to fare better than the others.
Content adaptation for multiplatform applications

The increasing usage of heterogeneous devices in our ordinary activities has forced current applications to adapt their data visualization according to context information, such as the device itself or even user preferences. Our proposal is a generic service that performs content adaptation for multiplatform applications. This service aims to be modular and non-instrusive. In other words, the content adaptation logic is considered a crosscutting concern according to the Aspect Oriented Paradigm. This paper presents the service architecture, a case study and its results.
A 5.4mW concurrent low noise CMOS LNA for L1/L5 GPS application

In this paper, a concurrent CMOS LNA for GPS application is presented, which supports L1 and L5 only modes as well as L1 and L5 simultaneous mode. To achieve concurrent operation, new cascode configuration employing a single common-source input stage and two common-gate output stages is proposed. And the band-pass matching technique using two capacitor banks is applied to achieve gain and output return loss tunability. It is implemented using 0. 13µm CMOS technology. The LNA achieved low noise figures of 1.68 and 1.67dB with high gains of 15.7dB and 16.7dB at L1 and L5 band, respectively and showed more than 10dB input and output return losses. The LNA chip consumes low current of 4.5mA from 1.2V supply.
Ovarian Stimulation and Low Birth Weight in Newborns Conceived Through In Vitro Fertilization

OBJECTIVE: Singleton neonates born after in vitro fertilization (IVF) are at increased risk for low birth weight, preterm delivery, or both. We sought to assess whether the alteration of the peri-implantation maternal environment resulting from ovarian stimulation may contribute to increased risk of low birth weight in IVF births. METHODS: The Society for Assisted Reproductive Technologies database was used to identify IVF-conceived neonates born in the United States between 2004 and 2006. Associations were assessed in neonates born after fresh compared with frozen and thawed embryo transfer in women of similar ovarian responsiveness, in paired analysis of neonates born to the same woman after both types of embryo transfer, and in neonates born after oocyte donation. RESULTS: Of 56,792 neonates identified, 38,626 and 18,166 were conceived after transfer of fresh and frozen embryos, respectively. In singletons, there was no difference in preterm delivery. However, the odds of overall low birth weight (10% compared with 7.2%; adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20–1.51), low birth weight at term (2.5% compared with 1.2%, adjusted OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.31–2.29), and preterm low birth weight (34.1% compared with 23.8%, adjusted OR 1.49, 95% CI 1.24–1.78) were all significantly higher after fresh embryo transfer. In singletons, after either fresh or frozen embryo transfer in the same patient, this association was even stronger (low birth weight: 11.5% compared with 5.6%, adjusted OR 4.66, 95% CI 1.18–18.38). In oocyte donor recipients who do not undergo any ovarian hormonal stimulation for either a fresh or a frozen embryo transfer, no difference in low birth weight was demonstrated (11.5% compared with 11.3% adjusted OR 0.99, 95% CI 0.82–1.18). CONCLUSION: The ovarian stimulation-induced maternal environment appears to represent an independent mediator contributing to the risk of low birth weight, but not preterm delivery, in neonates conceived after IVF. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II
Renmin University of China at ImageCLEF 2014 Scalable Concept Image Annotation

In this paper we describe our image annotation system par- ticipated in the ImageCLEF 2014 scalable concept image annotation task. The system is fully SVM based. Per concept we learn an ensemble of fast intersection kernel SVMs from three sources of training data, all obtained with manual annotation for free. The focus of our experiments this year is to answer the question of how many tags we should use to annotate a novel image. To that end, we introduce adaptive tag selection. In contrast to the common top-k strategy which selects a fixed number of top ranked tags to annotate an unlabeled image, our method estimates the value of k with respect to the image. Given the same concept rank- ings, the top-5 strategy obtains MF-sample of 0.206, while adaptive tag selection reaches MF-sample of 0.311.
Large variations in iron input to an oligotrophic Baltic Sea estuary: impact on sedimentary phosphorus burial

Abstract. Estuarine sediments are key sites for removal of phosphorus (P) from rivers and the open sea. Vivianite, an Fe(II)-P mineral, can act as a major sink for P in Fe-rich coastal sediments. In this study, we investigate the burial of P in the Öre Estuary in the northern Baltic Sea. We find much higher rates of P burial at our five study sites (up to ∼0.145 molm-2yr-1) when compared to more southern coastal areas in the Baltic Sea with similar rates of sedimentation. Detailed study of the sediment P forms at our site with the highest rate of sedimentation reveals a major role for P associated with Fe and the presence of vivianite crystals below the sulfate methane transition zone. By applying a reactive transport model to sediment and porewater profiles for this site, we show that vivianite may account for up to ∼40 % of total P burial. With the model, we demonstrate that vivianite formation is promoted in sediments with a low bottom water salinity and high rates of sedimentation and Fe oxide input. While high rates of organic matter input are also required, there is an optimum rate above which vivianite formation declines. Distinct enrichments in sediment Fe and sulfur at depth in the sediment are attributed to short periods of enhanced input of riverine Fe and organic matter. These periods of enhanced input are linked to variations in rainfall on land and follow dry periods. Most of the P associated with the Fe in the sediment is likely imported from the adjacent eutrophic Baltic Proper. Our work demonstrates that variations in land-to-sea transfer of Fe may act as a key control on burial of P in coastal sediments. Ongoing climate change is expected to lead to a decrease in bottom water salinity and contribute to continued high inputs of Fe oxides from land, further promoting P burial as vivianite in the coastal zone of the northern Baltic Sea. This may enhance the role of this oligotrophic area as a sink for P imported from eutrophic parts of the Baltic Sea.
UCSC-NLP at SemEval-2017 Task 4: Sense n-grams for Sentiment Analysis in Twitter

This paper describes the system submitted to SemEval-2017 Task 4-A Sentiment Analysis in Twitter developed by the UCSC-NLP team. We studied how relationships between sense n-grams and sentiment polarities can contribute to this task, i.e. co-occurrences of WordNet senses in the tweet, and the polarity. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of discarding a large set of features based on char-grams reported in preceding works. Based on these elements, we developed a SVM system, which exploring SentiWordNet as a polarity lexicon. It achieves an F_1=0.624 of average. Among 39 submissions to this task, we ranked 10th.
Geometry of transport networks in the region

The article deals with the problem of constructing transport networks, the geometric structure of which contributes to the reduction of freight transportation costs for any pair of "point of departure" / "destination". To this end, the loss (T) loss factor of the transport network T is introduced. This factor is introduced as a quantity indicating how many percent the shortest path along the transport network is longer than the straight path. The article gives examples of transport networks of different geometric structure, as well as the results of computer calculations, the loss factors for these examples. Keywords—transport network, triangulation, geometric structure, loss coefficient
Syntactic Complexity and Frequency in the Neurocognitive Language System

Prominent neurobiological models of language follow the widely accepted assumption that language comprehension requires two principal mechanisms: a lexicon storing the sound-to-meaning mapping of words, primarily involving bilateral temporal regions, and a combinatorial processor for syntactically structured items, such as phrases and sentences, localized in a left-lateralized network linking left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) and posterior temporal areas. However, recent research showing that the processing of simple phrasal sequences may engage only bilateral temporal areas, together with the claims of distributional approaches to grammar, raise the question of whether frequent phrases are stored alongside individual words in temporal areas. In this fMRI study, we varied the frequency of words and of short and long phrases in English. If frequent phrases are indeed stored, then only less frequent items should generate selective left frontotemporal activation, because memory traces for such items would be weaker or not available in temporal cortex. Complementary univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that, overall, simple words (verbs) and long phrases engaged LIFG and temporal areas, whereas short phrases engaged bilateral temporal areas, suggesting that syntactic complexity is a key factor for LIFG activation. Although we found a robust frequency effect for words in temporal areas, no frequency effects were found for the two phrasal conditions. These findings support the conclusion that long and short phrases are analyzed, respectively, in the left frontal network and in a bilateral temporal network but are not retrieved from memory in the same way as simple words during spoken language comprehension.