Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
TEAM DEVELOPMENT SOCIAL NETWORKING AND ITS IMPACT ON THE ENCOURAGEMENT OF SPIRITUAL LEADERSHIP

Most leaders seek to increase individual and organizational productivity, but low levels of spiritual leadership could inhibit the organizational effectiveness of nonprofit and religious organizations substantially populated by volunteers. An examination of social networking in team building in this quantitative research study determined if organizing teams increased levels of spiritual leadership and productivity in a United Pentecostal Church International church. A quantitative methodology with an experimental research design incorporated one control group and two treatment groups to test the two independent variables of Fry’s (2003) vision and stakeholder analysis and the Bryan Team Development Networking model (Bryan, 2003) with the Fry spiritual leadership assessment instrument and a performance task. Testing the data revealed no significant causality upon levels of spiritual leadership. A significant causal relationship was found between team development networking and productivity. The research results support systemic intervention as a transformational intervention at the local church level as an effective way to develop leaders and increase organizational productivity.
Impact of seasonal variation in food availability and disease stress on the health status of nomadic Turkana children: A longitudinal analysis of morbidity, immunity, and nutritional status

The possible influence of seasonal variations in rainfall, resource availability, and morbidity on immune function and nutritional status was examined in a longitudinal study of 54 nomadic Turkana children, 6 months to 10 years of age. The highly seasonal nature of rainfall in the arid semidesert environment of the Turkana District, northwestern Kenya, was associated with varying levels of animal milk production and meat and blood consumption. Despite significant seasonal variation in rainfall and food availability, the nutritional status of Turkana children, assessed through various anthropometric indicators, showed only moderate, if any, decline in the dry season. Rather, the data indicated that Turkana Children suffer from chronic mild‐to‐moderate malnutrition. In addition, analyses of cellular immunocompetence of the children, recognized to be a functional index of nutritional status, revealed extremely high levels of immunosuppression Year‐round. Significant monthly variation in the levels of acute respiratory and gastrointestinal infections among children were found, although averages across seasons were not significantly different and did not correspond with fluctuations in rainfall or resources availability. Instead, periodic spikes in the prevalence of morbidity occurred against an already high level of infectious endemicity. The results indicate that food availability is not likely to be the sole determinant of nutritional status and that infection may be an important contribtor to the high levels of nutritional and immunological stress among nomadic Turkana Children. © 1995 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Strategizing for Legitimacy in Pluralistic Contexts: New Zealand’s Science Sector

How do organizations strategize for legitimacy in pluralistic contexts? Little is known about the strategies organizations use to manage their legitimacy with multiple internal and external stakeholders within pluralism. For instance, how strategies interrelate and are combined simultaneously by organizations has not been researched. Through addressing this question the thesis seeks theoretical elaboration that contributes to our understanding in this regard and addresses this gap in the legitimacy literature. In particular, a combinatorial picture of legitimacy strategies is provided that provides insight into how strategies might be combined and interrelate. Based on a novel tabulation that brings the various strands of the literature together a framework is developed for investigating the research problem. Theoretical extension is then sought through an empirical focus on the pluralistic setting of New Zealand’s science sector. Six case studies based on two layers of replication are explored, principally through 58 multi-stakeholder interviews. The findings show that multiple embedded tensions and complex diffused power relationships characterise these organization cases. This provides a basis for investigating legitimacy strategies amidst pluralism: the basis of the analysis A picture of agency intensive legitimation is provided with organizations found to construct and change, as well as conform to, legitimacy demands. This informs the research agenda focused on redressing an identified ‘conformity bias’ (Kitchener, 2002) in much legitimacy theory. Further, a traditional preoccupation with overarching field level systems within dominant strands of legitimacy research has been recognized (Kraatz & Block, 2008). This research contributes by seeking to rectify this imbalance through adopting a framework of legitimacy strategies at the organizational level. The result is five propositions and extension to the theoretical framework. Prior work has tended to associate an organization with a dominant single strategy. This thesis finds multiple legitimacy strategies and strategic combinations being implemented by organizations amidst pluralism. Propositions are offered in this regards. The result is increased understanding of both infrequently explored legitimacy strategies and the relationships between them. Such theoretical development blurs the ‘demarcating lines’ that and are implicit in many frameworks and empirical studies. Additional propositions are also provided regarding why similar organizations experiencing similar pluralism might implement different legitimacy strategies. It is proposed that differences in stakeholder perceptions of pluralism’s dimensions are associated with the implementation of different legitimacy strategies by organizations. Overall, both the creative potential and challenges inherent in strategizing for legitimacy amidst pluralism are illustrated. A nuanced picture in this regard is enabled by the diverse array of strategies surfaced both within and across the focal pluralistic organizations.
Nonlinear adaptive sliding-mode control design for two-wheeled human transportation vehicle

This paper presents adaptive sliding-mode control methods for self-balancing and yaw rate control of a dynamically two-wheeled human transportation vehicle (HTV) with mass variations and system uncertainties. The proposed controllers aim to provide consistent driving performance for system uncertainties and different drivers whose weights cause parameter variations of the HTV. By decomposing the overall system into the yaw subsystems and the self-balancing subsystems with parameters variations with respect to different riders, two adaptive sliding mode controls are proposed to achieve self-balancing and yaw control. Numerical simulations and experimental results on different terrains show that the proposed adaptive sliding mode controllers are capable of achieving satisfactory control actions to steer the vehicle.
A comparative analysis of on-line and classroom-based instructional formats for teaching social work research

Research comparing courses taught exclusively in traditional face-to-face settings versus courses taught entirely online have shown similar levels of student satisfaction. This article reports findings from a comparative study of student achievement in research skills from classes using two different instructional formats. One group used a classroom-based instructional format and the other group used an online web-based instructional format. Findings indicate that there were no statistically significant differences between the two class formats for eight out of eleven outcome student performance activities and ten out of 13 pedagogical strategies. There were large effect size differences based on class format on four of the student performance activities and for student satisfaction with six of the pedagogical methods. When statistically significant differences were found, it was determined that student performance on learning activities and satisfaction with pedagogical methods were higher for the students in the traditional class. The findings support the conclusions of several studies concerning the effectiveness of online teaching. Limitations and implications for further studies are also suggested.
Social Movement and Unionism in France: A Case for Revitalization?

From the mid-1990s onwards, France has been rocked by ongoing social protests. This article considers whether and how these protests provide a strategic context for the “revitalization” of labor organizations. After providing insights into the French industrial relations system, particular attention is given to three cases: the organizing of unemployed and migrant workers, the alter-globalization movement, and recently established independent trade union Solidaires, Unitaires et Démocratiques, which epitomize emerging forces and contradictions at play. The conclusion reconsiders the revitalization thesis in the light of these cases.
High School Dropouts: A Review of Issues and Evidence

The problem of high school dropouts has generated increased interest among researchers, policymakers, and educators in recent years. This paper examines the many issues involved in trying to understand and solve this complex social and educational problem. The issues are grouped into four areas covering the incidence, causes, consequences, and solutions to the problem. Within each area, the discussion identifies the important issues involved, the current state of research on the issues, and considerations for future research.
Gender Differences in Egyptian Consumers Green Purchase Behaviour: The Effects of Environmental Knowledge, Concern and Attitude

This study investigates the influence of three cognitive and attitudinal factors on gender differences in green purchase behaviour. Using a large sample size (n=1093), a survey has been developed and administered across Egypt. The findings from the multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) confirm the influence of consumers ecological knowledge, concern and attitude on gender differences in green purchase behaviour. Consistent with previous studies, this study found that women appeared to be less aware of environmental issues compared with men. However, contrary to other studies conducted in the West, men showed more environmental concern and more positive outlook towards green purchase compared with women. The study discusses how the present findings may help policy makers and marketers alike to fine-tune their environmental and marketing programmes.
Glutathione‐S‐transferase T1 and M1 gene polymorphisms in Greek patients with multiple sclerosis: a pilot study

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). Glutathione‐S‐transferases (GSTs) are detoxification enzymes, evolved to protect cells against reactive oxygen metabolites. Both GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes exhibit a homozygous deletion polymorphism (null genotype) leading to abolished enzyme activity. We studied the impact of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 polymorphisms on MS susceptibility in a case–control study of 47 Greek patients and 165 controls. Correlations between genotype, gender and disability status were also investigated. The incidence of both GSTT1 and GSTM1 genotypes did not differ significantly between controls and patients. A significantly increased frequency of GSTM1 null genotype was found amongst female patients (65.5%) as compared with males (33.3%, P =0.04). The results suggest that GSTT1 and GSTM1 have no major pathogenetic role on the MS occurrence, nor any strong modifying effect on the disability status. The higher incidence of GSTM1 null genotype observed in female patients, suggests a possible role of the GSTM1 detoxification pathway in a gender‐dependent manner.
Tobacco plastid transformation using the feedback-insensitive anthranilate synthase [α]-subunit of tobacco (ASA2) as a new selectable marker

Genetic engineering of chloroplasts normally requires the stable introduction of bacterial derived antibiotic or herbicide-resistance genes as selective markers. Ecological and health concerns have been raised due to the presence of such genes within the environment or the food supply. One way to overcome this issue is the use of plant genes able to confer a metabolic or developmental advantage to the transformed cells manipulating the plant's biosynthetic pathways. We explored the feasibility of using, for plastid transformation, the selection system based on the feedback-insensitive anthranilate synthase (AS) α-subunit gene of tobacco (ASA2) as a new selective marker and the indole analogue 4-methylindole (4MI) or the tryptophan analogue 7-methyl-DL-tryptophan (7MT) as the selection agents. An expression cassette containing Prrn-ASA2 was effectively integrated into the region between accD and ycf4 of the tobacco plastome by the biolistic process. Plastid transgenic plants were obtained on medium supplemented with 300 μM 7MT or 4MI. Transplastomic plants showed normal phenotype and fertility and the resistance to the selection agents 7MT and 4MI was transmitted maternally. The plastid transformed lines also exhibited a higher level of AS enzyme activity that was less sensitive to Trp-feedback inhibition and, consequently, increased free Trp levels in leaves about 7-fold.
Agreement between College Major and Vocational Interests for Female Athlete and Non-athlete College Students

Abstract The agreement between college major and measured vocational interests was calculated for a sample of female student-athletes ( n = 83) and two college student contrast samples—women enrolled in a career decision-making course ( n = 73) and women enrolled in an introductory psychology course ( n = 81). A matching procedure was used to pair each participant′s college major with corresponding Occupational Scale scores from the Strong Interest Inventory. Overall, participants from the introductory psychology sample showed the highest agreement between major and vocational interests, with 70.4% having Excellent and Moderate levels of agreement compared with 62.7% of the student-athletes and 52.1% of the career course students. The χ 2 analysis showed that the differences in agreement between the student-athletes and the comparison samples were non-significant at p = . 05, although the direction was as expected. The level and pattern of interests was quite similar among the three samples, suggesting that choice of major and fit with interests is what differentiated the groups on the agreement measure. The findings are discussed within the context of identity formation theory (Marcia, 1966).
Assessing the performance of surgical teams

Background: High-performing and high-reliability teams are an important component of service delivery. With a focused emphasis on safety in acute care hospitals, understanding the nature of surgical teams and team performance is an essential component to achieving high-quality surgical care. More information is needed about the challenges to effective team functioning in the operating room, the influence of working conditions, and the environmental context on surgical team performance. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to describe the nature of surgical teams and how they perform in the operating room to contribute to a broader knowledge about high-performing and high-reliability teams in health care settings. Methodology/Approach: We conducted a qualitative study involving direct observation and semistructured interviews. Field observations of 10 high-complexity surgeries and face-to-face interviews with 26 members of surgical teams were completed at one university medical center. A conceptual framework derived from the literature was developed to guide the selection of surgeries and surgical teams to be observed. Data were transcribed and analyzed to identify the factors and different conditions that influence the performance of these surgical teams. Findings: The type of coordination and the degree of independent and interdependent coordination vary among the seven observed stages of the surgical process. Most of the surgical teams were ad hoc teams and as such, further challenged by consistently frequent "hand-offs" for break relief. Additional role demands influence the situational dynamics which can alter the adaptive capacity of the team. Practice Implications: The surgical event evokes a changing degree of coordination and adaptation to complexity and uncertainty. In such environments, relational coordination through leadership can contribute to a successful surgical result, improvement of the overall process, including error reduction, and enhanced knowledge creation and dissemination, particularly germane in research university teaching hospitals.
Victims' needs and participation in justice: is there a role for vengeance? *

ABSTRACTThis article begins with a critical examination of populist phrases such as ‘victims have a natural right to revenge'; it also discusses the ‘zero sum rhetoric’ in populist discourse (‘his suffering is my healing’). Are there any plausible arguments supporting this claim? The article goes on to deal with the question whether victims of serious crimes might benefit from expressing revenge feelings in two types of justice proceedings: victim impact statement schemes (VIS) and restorative justice conferences (RJC). Could the expression of vindictive feelings contribute to the wellbeing of victims (raise their moral status; bring therapeutic relief)? It is argued that advocates of both types of justice proceedings sometimes raise expectations that cannot be met. VIS-proponents tend to ‘privatise’ justice, whereas RJ-proponents tend to neglect retributive needs. It is concluded that a civilised expression of vindictive feelings should have a legitimate place in justice proceedings because it communicat.
Self-Reported Health Problems of Young Adults in Clinical Settings: Survivors of Childhood Cancer and Healthy Controls

Purpose: Increasing numbers of childhood cancer survivors are being seen in primary care settings as young adults. It is unknown how their self-reported health problems differ from those of healthy young adults. Self-reported health problems of cancer survivors and healthy controls are compared in this study. Methods: 156 cancer survivors visiting a cancer survivorship program and 138 controls in primary care centers (mean age, 20 years) completed the Health Knowledge Inventory, a checklist of 35 health problems. Results: Cancer survivors reported significantly more health problems than healthy controls (5.6 vs 2.6 problems; P < .001). For cancer survivors, more intense treatment and older age related to Organic/Major problems and Constitutional/Other problems. Female sex related to report of Organic/Major problems and Constitutional/Other problems for the controls. Although at least 20% of both healthy controls and survivors endorsed dermatologic, headache, gastrointestinal, and weight problems, survivors endorsed growth, thyroid, kidney, immunologic, heart, and fertility problems 4-fold over controls. Conclusions: Cancer survivors endorse significantly more health problems than do healthy controls. However, some problems are reported with equal frequency among the groups. Understanding these similarities and differences between survivors and healthy controls will facilitate patient-centered comprehensive care for young-adult cancer survivors.
Cracks in the Glass Ceiling

This study investigates variables that differentiate work establishments that have women in top management positions from those that do not. Women occupied top management positions in slightly more than half of the 228 medium- to large-sized private sector establishments the authors studied. The authors found that women are more likely to occupy top management ranks in establishments that have more lower level management positions filled by women, have higher management turnover, have lower average management salary levels, place greater emphasis on development and promotion of employees, and operate in nonmanufacturing industries.
Framing risks in a safety‐critical and hazardous job: risk‐taking as responsibility in railway maintenance

In risk management research, risk‐taking is mostly treated as deviation that calls for improved risk communication. I argue, however, that risk‐taking should be seen as expressing a rationale of its own; thus, improving safety requires that this rationale be adequately understood and that the conditions that reproduce risk‐taking be changed. This argument is supported by an ethnography of railway maintenance in Sweden. Railway technicians are charged with maintaining the railway infrastructure to support safe and punctual trains, an assignment that exposes them to occupational hazards. The technicians' claim of occupational responsibility for transportation safety risks is framed by two notions in occupational discourse: first, the safety‐critical nature of their tasks, and second, the notion of service to the general public. Technician interdependence in achieving occupational safety requires mutual responsibility in the team. Technicians justify occupational risk‐taking, claiming it is sometimes needed to achieve production goals given the available time and resources and the manageability of the risks taken. Finally, I stress the need for technicians to change their frames of reference and for employers to assume responsibility for reducing the need for risk‐taking.
Promoting recovery in long-term institutional mental health care: an international Delphi study.

OBJECTIVE Service provision in psychiatric and social care is increasingly guided by recovery principles. However, little is known about the degree of consensus among stakeholders in diverse contexts on the components of care that most promote recovery. This study aimed to identify specific items of care that key stakeholders regard as most important in promoting recovery for people with longer-term mental health problems in institutional care, to measure consensus between and across stakeholder groups and countries, and to develop a conceptual framework of the most important domains of care. METHODS Ten European countries in various stages of deinstitutionalization participated in a series of conventional three-round iterative Delphi exercises. In each country individuals in four separate expert groups (service users, mental health professionals, caregivers, and advocates) identified components of care that they considered important to recovery and then rated their group's suggestions in terms of importance. Median and consensus ratings were measured. High-ranking items were grouped into domains. RESULTS A total of 4,098 separate items of care were proposed by the 40 participating groups. Eleven broad domains of care important for recovery were identified: social policy and human rights, social inclusion, self-management and autonomy, therapeutic interventions, governance, staffing, staff attitudes, institutional environment, postdischarge care, caregivers, and physical health care. Consensus between groups and countries was generally high, but some modest differences in priorities were noted. CONCLUSIONS The most consistently highly rated consensus domain was therapeutic interventions. Domains and components of care related to recovery principles were also viewed as important across stakeholder groups.