Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neosexism among Women: The Role of Personally Experienced Social Mobility Attempts

An extension of the neosexism model based on the assumption that neosexism derives from experiences of upward mobility within the broader social structure of male-female relations was proposed and evaluated in a sample of 335 secretaries employed in a Canadian federal agency. It posited that the more women attempted to access nontraditional fields of work, the more they experienced discrimination. Personally experienced discriminatory barriers were related to feelings of collective relative deprivation. Moreover, the more women felt deprived on behalf of their group, the less they endorsed neosexist beliefs. Finally, a reverse effect was predicted between neosexism, collective relative deprivation, and responses to affirmative action and a pro-male bias in the evaluation of the competence of male and female managers. Support for this model was obtained by a structural equation modeling technique (EQS).
Linfoma não-Hodgkin apresentando-se como massa hepática única* Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma presenting as a single liver mass

OBJETIVO: Descrever as principais caracteristicas de imagem do linfoma nao-Hodgkin apresentando-se comomassa hepatica unica. MATERIAIS E METODOS: Realizamos estudo retrospectivo mediante analise de ca-sos de pacientes com massa hepatica unica aos exames de ultrassonografia, tomografia computadorizada eressonância magnetica, com diagnostico histologico de linfoma nao-Hodgkin. Esses exames foram analisa-dos por dois examinadores em consenso. RESULTADOS: Identificamos tres pacientes, todos do sexo mas-culino, na quinta decada de vida, com quadro clinico inespecifico e que apresentavam massa hepatica unicae com diagnostico de linfoma nao-Hodgkin. Na ultrassonografia a lesao hepatica apresentava-se como massacom aspecto “em alvo” nos tres casos estudados. Na tomografia computadorizada observou-se massa hipo-densa e heterogenea, com realce anelar em todos os casos. Na ressonância magnetica as lesoes apresenta-vam-se heterogeneas, hipointensas em T1 e hiperintensas em T2, e tambem com realce anelar apos a inje-cao do contraste. Nenhum paciente apresentava linfonodomegalia ou comprometimento de outras viscerassolidas no momento do diagnostico. CONCLUSAO: Na presenca de massa hepatica solitaria e com aspecto“em alvo” deve-se considerar, entre as hipoteses, o diagnostico de linfoma.Unitermos: Linfoma; Figado; Ultrassonografia; Tomografia computadorizada; Imagem por ressonância mag-netica.OBJECTIVE: To describe the main imaging findings of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma presenting as a single livermass. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was developed with analysis of cases where asingle liver mass was observed at ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging,and histologically diagnosed as non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. The studies were reviewed by two observers inconsensus. RESULTS: Three male patients in the fifth decade of life, with non-specific clinical manifestationsand single liver mass diagnosed as non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma were identified. A hepatic lesion with targetsign was observed at ultrasonography in all of the cases. At computed tomography, all the patients presenteda heterogeneous, hypodense mass with a ring enhancement. At magnetic resonance imaging, the lesionswere heterogeneous and hypointense on T1-weighted and hyperintense on T2-weighted images. Additionally,a ring enhancement was observed in all of the cases after contrast injection. At the moment of the diagnosis,none of the patients presented lymphadenomegaly or involvement of other solid viscera. CONCLUSION: Thediagnosis of hepatic lymphoma should be considered in the presence of a ring-enhanced single liver mass.Keywords: Lymphoma; Liver; Ultrasonography; Computed tomography; Magnetic resonance imaging.
STAC: Simultaneous transmitting and air computing in wireless data center networks

The data center network (DCN), wired or wireless, features large amounts of Many-to-One (M2O) sessions. Each M2O session is currently established using Point-to-Point (P2P) communications and Store-and-Forward (SAF) relays, and is generally followed by a certain computation at the destination, typically a weighted summation of the received information digits. Fundamentally different from this separate P2P/SAF-based-transmission and computation framework, this paper proposes STAC, a novel physical layer scheme that achieves Simultaneous Transmission and Air Computation in wireless DCNs. In particular, STAC builds on a number of distinguishing characteristics of DCs to take advantage of the superposition nature of electromagnetic signals. With STAC, multiple sources transmit in the same time slot with appropriately chosen parameters, such that the superimposed signal can be directly transformed to the desired summation at the receiver. To enable STAC, we propose an enhanced Software Defined Network (SDN) architecture, where a wired low-bandwidth backbone provides wireless transceivers with external reference signals. Theoretical analysis and simulation results show that STAC can significantly improve both bandwidth and energy efficiency in DCNs.
Religion and Delinquency in Trinidad and Tobago

This study investigated the relationship between religiosity, spirituality and delinquency among secondary school students in Trinidad and Tobago. This study utilized the survey method to gather data from a population of secondary school students regarding student religiosity, delinquency, sexual behaviour, as well as other socio-demographic variables. A probability sampling technique was used to select the schools that participated in the study. Questionnaires were administered at fifteen different schools in order to cover the three different types of schools, (Denominational, Senior Comprehensives and Government Secondary schools), from each of the districts studied. It yielded a total sample size of 1497 students. The various hypotheses in the study were tested through two methods, Multiple Regression models and Tests about Means [the t test of significance & ANOVA]. Results indicated that students who are more religious, i.e. who have internalised religious morals and principles, are less likely to engage in delinquent activities. Results have also indicated that schools, that incorporate a higher level of religiosity in the school culture and climate, have a lower rate of delinquency. High academic achievement and high levels of parental religiosity also contribute to the decline in delinquency among adolescents.
Changes in Race-Specific Virulence in Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola Are Associated with a Chimeric Transposable Element and Rare Deletion Events in a Plasmid-Borne Pathogenicity Island

ABSTRACT Virulence for bean and soybean is determined by effector genes in a plasmid-borne pathogenicity island (PAI) in race 7 strain 1449B of Pseudomonas syringae pv. phaseolicola. One of the effector genes, avrPphF, confers either pathogenicity, virulence, or avirulence depending on the plant host and is absent from races 2, 3, 4, 6, and 8 of this pathogen. Analysis of cosmid clones and comparison of DNA sequences showed that the absence of avrPphF from strain 1448A is due to deletion of a continuous 9.5-kb fragment. The remainder of the PAI is well conserved in strains 1448A and 1449B. The left junction of the deleted region consists of a chimeric transposable element generated from the fusion of homologs of IS1492 from Pseudomonas putida and IS1090 from Ralstonia eutropha. The borders of the deletion were conserved in 66 P. syringae pv. phaseolicola strains isolated in different countries and representing the five races lacking avrPphF. However, six strains isolated in Spain had a 10.5-kb deletion that extended 1 kb further from the right junction. The perfect conservation of the 28-nucleotide right repeat of the IS1090 homolog in the two deletion types and in the other 47 insertions of the IS1090 homolog in the 1448A genome strongly suggests that the avrPphF deletions were mediated by the activity of the chimeric mobile element. Our data strongly support a clonal origin for the races of P. syringae pv. phaseolicola lacking avrPphF.
Emerging roles of prostanoids in T cell‐mediated immunity

Three distinct subsets of T helper (Th) cells, Th1, Th2, and Th17, not only contribute to host defense against pathogens, but also cause many types of immune diseases. Differentiation and functions of these T cell subsets are mainly regulated by specific cytokines. Intriguingly, recent studies have revealed that prostanoids including various types of prostaglandins (PGs) and thromboxane (TX) are also involved in these processes. Prostanoids exert their actions by binding to their specific receptors. They include PGD receptor, EP1, EP2, EP3, and EP4 subtypes of PGE receptor, PGF receptor, PGI receptor, and TX receptor. From many in vitro findings, prostanoids, especially PGE2, were traditionally believed to be an immunosuppressant. However, studies using mice deficient in each type or subtype of prostanoid receptors and their selective agonists and antagonists have revealed that prostanoids collaborate with cytokines, and critically regulate T cell proliferation, differentiation and functions. Recent studies have revealed that PGE2 facilitates Th1 cell differentiation and Th17 cell expansion in collaboration with IL‐12 and IL‐23, respectively, and that these PGE2 actions contribute to development of immune diseases mediated by these Th subsets. Furthermore, studies using the receptor‐deficient mice have also revealed that other prostanoids including PGD2 and PGI2 contribute to regulation of immune diseases of the Th2 type such as allergic asthma. These findings shed a new light on the roles of prostanoids in T cell‐mediated immunity and immune diseases. © 2010 IUBMB IUBMB Life, 62(8): 591–596, 2010.
Criterion‐Related and construct validity of the pervasive developmental disorders rating scale and the autism behavior checklist

This study investigated the validity of the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC; Krug, Arick, & Almond, 1993) and the Pervasive Developmental Disorders Rating Scale (PDDRS; Eaves, 1993a). Both instruments are screening devices designed to measure characteristics of individuals with autistic disorder or, more broadly, pervasive developmental disorders. Results showed that the total scores of the ABC and PDDRS measure significantly overlapping constructs (r= .80). Further, both instruments significantly discriminated between participants with autistic disorder and children with diagnoses frequently confused with autistic disorder. Both instruments provided respectable indices for classification accuracy (PDDRS overall accuracy = 88%, ABC overall accuracy = 80%). Finally, the ABC and PDDRS agreed in their classifications of 85% of the 136 participants; a phi coefficient based on the instruments' nominal classifications of the participants equaled . 68 (p< .001). © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
RADON EMANATION IN SASKATCHEWAN SOILS

Saskatchewan prairie soils in central Canada were studied from areas where many homes are known to exceed the Health Canada indoor radon guideline of 200 Bq m−3. This study sampled 32 soils from 11 sites, which varied in clay content and presence of bedrock materials. Soils were analyzed for 238U, 226Ra, 222Rn in soil gas, bulk density, moisture, and particle size. Radon emanation from the soil samples varied from 10% to 43% and increased significantly with clay content with radon concentrations in soil gas of 18–38 kBq m−3. Total uranium in soils was 2.1–4 ppm and 26–51 Bq kg−1 dry weight for 238U, 234Th, and 226Ra. Homes built on soils with high clay content may be at greater risk of high radon levels, particularly when the soils are dry and cracked, enhancing their permeability to gases such as radon. One sample of coal bedrock, originating from Tertiary marine shales, was particularly high for total uranium (53 ppm), 238U, 234Th, and 226Ra activities (68–1,303 Bq kg−1) with radon emanation up to 1,363 kBq m−3.
The Introduction of Human Heme Oxygenase‐1 and Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor‐α Receptor Type I With Human IgG1 Fc in Porcine Islets Prolongs Islet Xenograft Survival in Humanized Mice

Apoptosis during engraftment and inflammation induce poor islet xenograft survival. We aimed to determine whether overexpression of human heme oxygenase‐1 (HO‐1) or soluble tumor necrosis factor‐α receptor type I with human IgG1 Fc (sTNF‐αR‐Fc) in porcine islets could improve islet xenograft survival. Adult porcine islets were transduced with adenovirus containing human HO‐1, sTNF‐αR‐Fc, sTNF‐αR‐Fc/HO‐1 or green fluorescent protein (control). Humanized mice were generated by injecting human cord blood–derived CD34+ stem cells into NOD‐scid‐IL‐2Rγnull mice. Both HO‐1 and sTNF‐αR‐Fc reduced islet apoptosis under in vitro hypoxia or cytokine stimuli and suppressed RANTES induction without compromising insulin secretion. Introduction of either gene into islets prolonged islet xenograft survival in pig‐to‐humanized mice transplantation. The sTNF‐αR‐Fc/HO‐1 group showed the best glucose tolerance. Target genes were successfully expressed in islet xenografts. Perigraft infiltration of macrophages and T cells was suppressed with decreased expression of RANTES, tumor necrosis factor‐α and IL‐6 in treatment groups; however, frequency of pig‐specific interferon‐γ–producing T cells was not decreased, and humoral response was not significant in any group. Early apoptosis of islet cells was suppressed in the treatment groups. In conclusion, overexpression of HO‐1 or sTNF‐αR‐Fc in porcine islets improved islet xenograft survival by suppressing both apoptosis and inflammation. HO‐1 or sTNF‐αR‐Fc transgenic pigs have potential for islet xenotransplantation.
Uncertainties Of Estimating The Welfare Effects Of Agricultural Biotechnology In The European Union

In literature, impact estimates of agricultural biotechnology vary strongly according to the region, the crop, the year, the scale, and the methodology of the study. Therefore, this paper provides a methodological background for analysing, interpreting, and comparing these estimates. All possible uncertainties entailed in the estimation procedure are reviewed as well as a methodology to incorporate them into a stochastic simulation model. This procedure can be used to assess the welfare effects of agricultural biotechnology in the European Union.
Kidney resistive index relates to variations of home blood pressure in chronic kidney diseases

ABSTRACT Background: Kidney resistive index (RI) correlates with tubulointerstitial changes and predicts renal prognosis. Most patients with chronic kidney diseases (CKDs) manifest high blood pressure and atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases. In addition, various atherosclerotic indexes relate to variations in blood pressure.Methods: Subjects were 70 CKD patients, who visited our office and agreed to measure home blood pressure and receive renal ultrasonography. Cross-sectional analyses were performed.Results: Patient age was averaged 61 ± 15 (SD) y/o and 60% were male. Mean serum creatinine and proteinuria were 1.2 ± 0.5 mg/dl and 0.2 ± 0.5 g/gCr, respectively. Office blood pressure and kidney RI were 128 ± 17/75 ± 11 mmHg and 0.66 ± 0.08, respectively. Multivariate regression analysis revealed that age and office blood pressure independently correlated to kidney RI (p < 0.05 for each). Home blood pressure was averaged 122 ± 7/70 ± 6 mmHg. Both standard deviation and the maximal–minimal difference in home systolic blood pressure related to kidney RI (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The present results indicate that office blood pressure correlates to kidney RI, which predicts renal prognosis. In addition, our data implicate that kidney RI relates to variations in home systolic blood pressure, and suggest that kidney RI may be a good index for atherosclerosis in CKD patients.
High School Teachers' Use of Data to Inform Instruction

The expectation that teachers will use student achievement data to improve their instruction is a major feature of national and local reform agendas. The theory of action behind data-driven decision making is a mostly causal model of professional action, whereby teachers diagnose weaknesses and implement solutions. The purpose of this article is to examine how high school teachers, situated within their policy and work contexts, use data to inform instructional decisions. Using a framework that draws upon sense-making and co-construction theories on reform implementation, we analyze qualitative data gathered in 4 urban public high schools in the United States. Findings reveal that the process of data use by teachers is complex, multilayered, and influenced by teacher interpretations and social interactions. Teachers used a variety of forms of data to inform their decision making and struggled to reconcile policies promoting data-driven decision making with local beliefs and practices. Implications for research and policy are discussed.
Knowledge Maturity and the Scientific Value of Innovations

How does the scientific value of innovations vary with the maturity of the knowledge that underlies them? We reconcile conflicting views in the innovation literature by introducing a contingency perspective that underscores the role of knowledge distance along technological and geographical domains. We predict an inverted U-shaped effect of knowledge maturity on the scientific value of new innovations. We further suggest that incorporating geographically distant knowledge can enhance the value contribution of knowledge maturity, whereas incorporating technologically distant knowledge or waiting for the adoption of knowledge in the industry mitigates this value. Our analysis of 5,575 biotechnology patented innovations offers support for our conjectures. We thus advance research on knowledge management and innovation by underscoring the temporal aspect of innovation and its interplay with technological and geographical distances.
The effects of soft and hard service attributes on loyalty: the mediating role of trust

Purpose – Drawing on social exchange and similarity attraction theories, the purpose of this paper is to explore the effect of soft attributes (e.g. social and relational attributes) on hard attributes (e.g. core attribute performance) in a high contact service context, namely in the hair care service environment.Design/methodology/approach – This research extends the key mediating variable model (KMVM) of Morgan and Hunt by hypothesising that, while trust fully mediates the effect of soft attributes on loyalty, trust only partially mediates the effect of hard attributes on loyalty. Data were collected using the critical incident technique from 176 students.Findings – Supports the fully mediating role of trust for soft attributes and a partially mediating role of trust for hard attributes.Research limitations/implications – Future research should test the model in contexts that involve less employee‐customer contact and interaction.Originality/value – The study underscores the practical importance of inve.
Podocyte Developmental Defects Caused by Adriamycin in Zebrafish Embryos and Larvae: A Novel Model of Glomerular Damage

The zebrafish pronephros is gaining popularity in the nephrology community, because embryos are easy to cultivate in multiwell plates, allowing large number of experiments to be conducted in an in vivo model. In a few days, glomeruli reach complete development, with a structure that is similar to that of the mammalian counterpart, showing a fenestrated endothelium and a basement membrane covered by the multiple ramifications of mature podocytes. As a further advantage, zebrafish embryos are permeable to low molecular compounds, and this explains their extensive use in drug efficacy and toxicity experiments. Here we show that low concentrations of adriamycin (i.e. 10 and 20 µM), when dissolved in the medium of zebrafish embryos at 9 hours post-fertilization and removed after 48 hours (57 hpf), alter the development of podocytes with subsequent functional impairment, demonstrated by onset of pericardial edema and reduction of expression of the podocyte proteins nephrin and wt1. Podocyte damage is morphologically confirmed by electron microscopy and functionally supported by increased clearance of microinjected 70 kDa fluorescent dextran. Importantly, besides pericardial edema and glomerular damage, which persist and worsen after adriamycin removal from the medium, larvae exposed to adriamycin 10 and 20 µM do not show any myocardiocyte alterations nor vascular changes. The only extra-renal effect is a transient delay of cartilage formation that rapidly recovers once adriamycin is removed. In summary, this low dose adriamycin model can be applied to analyze podocyte developmental defects, such as those observed in congenital nephrotic syndrome, and can be taken in consideration for pharmacological studies of severe early podocyte injury.
From an Ethics of Integration to an Ethics of Participation: Citizenship and the Future of the European Union

Prevailing conceptions of political ethics largely centre on nation states and a world order composed of them. This article asks whether the European Union (EU) can be seen to challenge such conventional thinking. If, as is now commonly held, the EU has a polity-like structure which nonetheless lacks some of the features of conventional statehood, then our concepts of public ethics may need to be re-cast. We take citizenship as a case study in order to explore the kind of citizenship which is desirable or possible to exercise in a post-national context. Beginning with an assessment of how far the EU currently constitutes a political community, we revisit the neofunctionalist attempt to explore the subject, in particular the link such scholars made between ideals and interests in the evolution of a 'European' polity. Neofunctionalist conceptualisations of the Union's development are contrasted with later models, which stress the non-state nature of the present and future EU. We argue that, whilst the present EU system is characterised by variation, diversity and complexity, and may never acquire Weberian statehood, it is nonetheless important to retain the ideals-interest model of actor motivation in order to understand how the Union may fulfil its declared ambition of becoming "closer to the citizen. "Three models of post-national citizenship are then examined in order to assess their compatibility with the emerging Europolity: cosmopolitan, communitarian and republican. The first two are criticised for simply being supra-national rather than post-national. The first assumes a political and normative consensus that is only likely to obtain within a European federal state. The second is usually employed to advocate either a European synthesis, whereby certain commonalties are fused within a common European identity, or a Union of Nations founded on a variable overlap of national identities. Again neither option seems either desirable or plausible. The third, by contrast, advocates the political negotiation of a variety of collective policies amongst a heterogeneous public. Citizenship here rests neither on entitlements stemming from a supposed normative European consensus, or membership of a common European culture, but from participation within a complex network of European political institutions. We conclude that if the EU is developing into a multifaceted polity; it requires institutions and models of citizenship which are as sophisticated as those which are already advanced to account for EU decision making and the unification process itself.