Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
No Evidence of Correlation between p53 Codon 72 Polymorphism and Risk of Bladder or Breast Carcinoma in Tunisian Patients

Abstract: The TP53 gene, frequently mutated in human cancers, carries several polymorphisms. The one most informative and studied concerns codon 72; a single base changes the CGC (arginine) to CCC (proline). The arginine form was considered to be a significant risk factor in the development of cancer. However, various reports on this polymorphism are controversial. We carried out the same investigation in two groups of patients, a group with bladder cancer and another with breast cancer, and in healthy controls in two regions of our country, using an improved PCR‐RFLP method. The number of Arg/Arg, Arg/Pro, and Pro/Pro genotypes was as follows: 21, 23, 3 and 13, 19, 2 for patients (total 47) and controls (34), respectively, in the first group; 18, 9, 3 and 19, 26, 4 for patients (30) and controls (49), respectively, in the second group. Statistical analysis of the genotype and allele frequencies did not reveal any difference between patients and controls in both groups except for a weak difference between the homozygotes to heterozygotes in the second group with a chi square of 4.1 (P= 0.045); the number of breast cancer patients is actually low (30) and should be increased in order to assess such a conclusion. Our overall results are therefore not consistent with a high risk associated with TP53 codon 72 polymorphism in breast and in bladder cancers.
Superpower E-Beam Sources and Performance Estimates for Compact THz FELs

High peak and average power free-electron lasers (FELs) in the terahertz region (THz) require small diameter, low-emittance, and high voltage electron beams. This paper presents two 1.5-2 MV, 100-200 A, thermionic cathode electron source approaches for compact megawatt range peak power, multi-kilowatt average power, high repetition rate, THz FELs. The preferred beam generation system includes grading electrodes and is quite compact compared to the other standard diode gun approaches. Both provide highly compressed beams at the waist having low values of normalized rms emittance. In particular, the new injector approach with grading electrodes, operating at a body voltage of 1.5-2 MV and 100 A, has a normalized rms emittance of roughly 10 mm-mrad at the beam waist. Power supply switching considerations are considered in the paper as well as considerations for very high-voltage multi-stage depressed collectors for device efficiency enhancement. Based on these designs, we provide performance estimates for FELs operating in the THz spectral region.
Assessment of the Roles of Serines 5.43(239) and 5.46(242) for Binding and Potency of Agonist Ligands at the Human Serotonin 5-HT2A Receptor

We assessed the relative importance of two serine residues located near the top of transmembrane helix 5 of the human 5-HT2A receptor, comparing the wild type with S5.43(239)A or S5.46(242)A mutations. Using the ergoline lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD), and a series of substituted tryptamine and phenethylamine 5-HT2A receptor agonists, we found that Ser5.43(239) is more critical for agonist binding and function than Ser5.46(242). Ser5.43(239) seems to engage oxygen substituents at either the 4- or 5-position of tryptamine ligands and the 5-position of phenylalkylamine ligands. Even when a direct binding interaction cannot occur, our data suggest that Ser5.43(239) is still important for receptor activation. Polar ring-substituted tryptamine ligands also seem to engage Ser5.46(242), but tryptamines lacking such a substituent may adopt an alternate binding orientation that does not engage this residue. Our results are consistent with the role of Ser5.43(239) as a hydrogen bond donor, whereas Ser5.46(242) seems to serve as a hydrogen bond acceptor. These results are consistent with the functional topography and utility of our in silico-activated homology model of the h5-HT2A receptor. In addition, being more distal from the absolutely conserved Pro5.50, a strong interaction with Ser5.43(239) may be more effective in straightening the kink in helix 5, a feature that is possibly common to all type A GPCRs that have polar residues at position 5.43.
Multifocal electroretinograms predict onset of diabetic retinopathy in adult patients with diabetes.

PURPOSE The authors' previous models predicted local formation of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in adults with diabetes and existing retinopathy. Here they derived a multivariate model for local prediction of DR onset in patients with no previous retinopathy. METHODS Seventy-eight eyes from 41 diabetes patients were tested annually for several years. The presence or absence of DR at the last study visit was the outcome measure, and measurements of risk factors from the previous visit were used for prediction. Logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between DR development and 7 factors: multifocal ERG (mfERG) implicit time (IT) Z-score, sex, diabetes duration, blood glucose, HbA1c, age, and diabetes type. Thirty-five retinal zones, spanning 45°, were constructed from the mfERG stimulus elements. The maximum IT Z-score for each zone was calculated based on data from 50 control subjects. ROC curve analysis, using fivefold cross-validation, was used to determine the model's predictive properties. RESULTS Mild DR developed in 80 of 2730 retinal zones (3%) in 29 of 78 eyes (37%). Multivariate analysis showed mfERG IT to be predictive for DR development in a zone after adjusting for diabetes type. The multivariate model has a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 74%. CONCLUSIONS mfERG IT is a good predictor of DR onset, 1 year later, in patients with diabetes without DR. It can be used to assess the risk for DR development in these patients and may be a valuable outcome measure in evaluation of novel prophylactic therapeutics directed at impeding DR.
$^{171}$Yb$^+$ optical clock with $2.2\times 10^{-18}$ systematic uncertainty and absolute frequency measurements

A full evaluation of the uncertainty budget for the ytterbium ion optical clock at the National Physical Laboratory (NPL) was performed on the electric octupole (E3) $^2\mathrm{S}_{1/2}\,\rightarrow\, ^2\mathrm{F}_{7/2}$ transition. The total systematic frequency shift was measured with a fractional standard systematic uncertainty of $2.2\times 10^{-18}$. Furthermore, the absolute frequency of the E3 transition of the $^{171}$Yb$^+$ ion was measured between 2019 and 2023 via a link to International Atomic Time (TAI) and against the local caesium fountain NPL-CsF2. The absolute frequencies were measured with fractional standard uncertainties between $3.7 \times 10^{-16}$ and $1.1 \times 10^{-15}$, and all were in agreement with the 2021 BIPM recommended frequency.
CURRENT CONCEPTS Tuberculosis

From the Department of Infection, Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London Medical School, London (A.Z.); STOP TB Department, World Health Organization, Geneva (M.R.); the Tuberculosis Clinical Research Branch, Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD (R.H.); and the Section of Infectious Disease and International Health, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH (C.F.R.). Address reprint requests to Dr. Zumla at the Division of Infection and Immunity, Centre for Clinical Microbiology, 2nd Fl. , UCL Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill St., London NW3 OPE, United Kingdom, or at a.zumla@ucl.ac. uk.
Exact Model Counting of Query Expressions

We prove exponential lower bounds on the running time of the state-of-the-art exact model counting algorithms—algorithms for exactly computing the number of satisfying assignments, or the satisfying probability, of Boolean formulas. These algorithms can be seen, either directly or indirectly, as building Decision-Decomposable Negation Normal Form (decision-DNNF) representations of the input Boolean formulas. Decision-DNNFs are a special case of d-DNNFs where d stands for deterministic. We show that any knowledge compilation representations from a class (called DLDDs in this article) that contain decision-DNNFs can be converted into equivalent Free Binary Decision Diagrams (FBDDs), also known as Read-Once Branching Programs, with only a quasi-polynomial increase in representation size. Leveraging known exponential lower bounds for FBDDs, we then obtain similar exponential lower bounds for decision-DNNFs, which imply exponential lower bounds for model-counting algorithms. We also separate the power of decision-DNNFs from d-DNNFs and a generalization of decision-DNNFs known as AND-FBDDs. We then prove new lower bounds for FBDDs that yield exponential lower bounds on the running time of these exact model counters when applied to the problem of query evaluation in tuple-independent probabilistic databases—computing the probability of an answer to a query given independent probabilities of the individual tuples in a database instance. This approach to the query evaluation problem, in which one first obtains the lineage for the query and database instance as a Boolean formula and then performs weighted model counting on the lineage, is known as grounded inference. A second approach, known as lifted inference or extensional query evaluation, exploits the high-level structure of the query as a first-order formula. Although it has been widely believed that lifted inference is strictly more powerful than grounded inference on the lineage alone, no formal separation has previously been shown for query evaluation. In this article, we show such a formal separation for the first time. In particular, we exhibit a family of database queries for which polynomial-time extensional query evaluation techniques were previously known but for which query evaluation via grounded inference using the state-of-the-art exact model counters requires exponential time.
Extrinsic Calibration of Multiple LiDARs for a Mobile Robot based on Floor Plane And Object Segmentation

Mobile robots equipped with multiple light detection and ranging (LiDARs) and capable of recognizing their surroundings are increasing due to the minitualization and cost reduction of LiDAR. This paper proposes a target-less extrinsic calibration method of multiple LiDARs with non-overlapping field of view (FoV). The proposed method uses accumulated point clouds of floor plane and objects while in motion. It enables accurate calibration with challenging configuration of LiDARs that directed towards the floor plane, caused by biased feature values. Additionally, the method includes a noise removal module that considers the scanning pattern to address bleeding points, which are noises of significant source of error in point cloud alignment using high-density LiDARs. Evaluations through simulation demonstrate that the proposed method achieved higher accuracy extrinsic calibration with two and four LiDARs than conventional methods, regardless type of objects. Furthermore, the experiments using a real mobile robot has shown that our proposed noise removal module can eliminate noise more precisely than conventional methods, and the estimated extrinsic parameters have successfully created consistent 3D maps.
The dissociation between nouns and verbs in Broca's and Wernicke's aphasia: Findings from chinese

Abstract Studies in English and Italian have shown that non-fluent Broca's aphasics find it more difficult to produce verbs than nouns, while some fluent patients (including Wernicke's aphasics and anomics) show the opposite profile. Explanations for this double dissociation include grammatical accounts (e.g. verb deficits reflect differences in morphological and/or syntactic complexity), semantic-conceptual accounts (e.g. verbs are based on action meanings, which are stored in anterior motor regions; nouns are based on object meanings, which are stored in sensory cortex), and lexical accounts (verbs and nouns are stored in separate regions of the brain, independent of their semantic content). In Chinese, many words are compounds with a complex internal structure, including VN compound verbs like ‘LOOK-BOOK’ (‘read’) and VN compound nouns like ‘STAND-GOOSE’ (‘penguin’). Hence words may be nouns at the lexical level, but they contain verbal elements at the sublexical level, providing a challenge to existin.
On Intermediate Exceptional Series

The Freudenthal--Tits magic square $\mathfrak{m}(\mathbb{A}_1,\mathbb{A}_2)$ for $\mathbb{A}=\mathbb{R},\mathbb{C},\mathbb{H},\mathbb{O}$ of semi-simple Lie algebras can be extended by including the sextonions $\mathbb{S}$. A series of non-reductive Lie algebras naturally appear in the new row associated with the sextonions, which we will call the \textit{intermediate exceptional series}, with the largest one as the intermediate Lie algebra $E_{7+1/2}$ constructed by Landsberg--Manivel. We study various aspects of the intermediate vertex operator (super)algebras associated with the intermediate exceptional series, including rationality, coset constructions, irreducible modules, (super)characters and modular linear differential equations. For all $\mathfrak{g}_I$ belonging to the intermediate exceptional series, the intermediate VOA $L_1(\mathfrak{g}_I)$ has characters of irreducible modules coinciding with those of the simple rational $C_2$-cofinite $W$-algebra $W_{-h^\vee/6}(\mathfrak{g},f_\theta)$ studied by Kawasetsu, with $\mathfrak{g} $ belonging to the Cvitanovi\'c--Deligne exceptional series. We propose some new intermediate VOA $L_k(\mathfrak{g}_I)$ with integer level $k$ and investigate their properties. For example, for the intermediate Lie algebra $D_{6+1/2}$ between $D_6$ and $E_7$ in the subexceptional series and also in Vogel's projective plane, we find that the intermediate VOA $L_2(D_{6+1/2})$ has a simple current extension to a SVOA with four irreducible Neveu--Schwarz modules. We also provide some (super) coset constructions such as $L_2(E_7)/L_2(D_{6+1/2})$ and $L_1(D_{6+1/2})^{\otimes2}\! /L_2(D_{6+1/2})$. In the end, we find that the theta blocks associated with the intermediate exceptional series produce some new holomorphic Jacobi forms of critical weight and lattice index.
Is Pertussis Infection Neglected in China? Evidence from a Seroepidemiology Survey in Zhejiang, an Eastern Province of China

Background The resurgence of pertussis has occurred in many countries. However, the epidemiological profiles of pertussis cannot be well understood by the current surveillance system in China. This study was designed to investigate the age specific serologic evidence of antibodies against pertussis, and to offer information regarding the existence of pertussis infection in Zhejiang Province, China. Methods A cross-sectional serosurvey was carried out in 6 counties of Zhejiang Province during September and October of 2014. The immunoglobulin G-pertussis toxin (IgG-PT) levels were measured quantitatively with a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The antibody activities were expressed in the Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-U/ml and a level ≥30 FDA-U/ml was considered seropositive. An IgG-PT >80 FDA-U/ml indicated recent pertussis infection if the patient had not received immunization with the pertussis vaccine within the last year. Results The mean IgG-PT seropositivity rate among the 2107 subjects was 33.32% with a geometric mean concentration of 17.73 (95% confidence interval: 16.90–18.60) FDA-U/ml. The difference in the seropositivity rates reached significant means among the different age groups (waldχ2 = 198.41, P<0.0005), and children aged 3 years had the highest percentage (63.24%) of undetectable IgG-PT level. Of the 1707 subjects ≥3 years of age, 169 (9.90%) had evidence of a recent infection. The highest proportion of IgG-PT levels ≥80 FDA-U/ml was found in ≥60 years age group followed by 11–15 and 16–25 years age groups. Conclusions This study indicates the rather lower IgG-PT level sustained 1 year after the acellular pertussis vaccine booster dose, and substantial proportion of population susceptibility to pertussis in Zhejiang Province, China. Moreover, pertussis infection is not uncommon; it was estimated that 10% of subjects were recently infected approximately within the last 100 days. We highly suggest that the surveillance capacity should be strengthened and consider introducing booster dose that protect against pertussis in 6 years old children.
DaCapo: Accelerating Continuous Learning in Autonomous Systems for Video Analytics

Deep neural network (DNN) video analytics is crucial for autonomous systems such as self-driving vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and security robots. However, real-world deployment faces challenges due to their limited computational resources and battery power. To tackle these challenges, continuous learning exploits a lightweight"student"model at deployment (inference), leverages a larger"teacher"model for labeling sampled data (labeling), and continuously retrains the student model to adapt to changing scenarios (retraining). This paper highlights the limitations in state-of-the-art continuous learning systems: (1) they focus on computations for retraining, while overlooking the compute needs for inference and labeling, (2) they rely on power-hungry GPUs, unsuitable for battery-operated autonomous systems, and (3) they are located on a remote centralized server, intended for multi-tenant scenarios, again unsuitable for autonomous systems due to privacy, network availability, and latency concerns. We propose a hardware-algorithm co-designed solution for continuous learning, DaCapo, that enables autonomous systems to perform concurrent executions of inference, labeling, and training in a performant and energy-efficient manner. DaCapo comprises (1) a spatially-partitionable and precision-flexible accelerator enabling parallel execution of kernels on sub-accelerators at their respective precisions, and (2) a spatiotemporal resource allocation algorithm that strategically navigates the resource-accuracy tradeoff space, facilitating optimal decisions for resource allocation to achieve maximal accuracy. Our evaluation shows that DaCapo achieves 6.5% and 5.5% higher accuracy than a state-of-the-art GPU-based continuous learning systems, Ekya and EOMU, respectively, while consuming 254x less power.
Sums of Palindromes: an Approach via Automata

Recently, Cilleruelo, Luca, & Baxter proved, for all bases b >= 5, that every natural number is the sum of at most 3 natural numbers whose base-b representation is a palindrome. However, the cases b = 2, 3, 4 were left unresolved. We prove, using a decision procedure based on automata, that every natural number is the sum of at most 4 natural numbers whose base-2 representation is a palindrome. Here the constant 4 is optimal. We obtain similar results for bases 3 and 4, thus completely resolving the problem.
Generating Photon Pairs in a Hybrid Si-BTO Platform

Here we show photon pair generation from ring resonator and waveguide structures in a hybrid silicon-BTO on insulator platform with a pulsed pump. Our analysis of single photon and coincidence generation rates show that Spontaneous Four-Wave Mixing is comparable to that expected from SOI devices of similar characteristics and find a $\gamma_{eff}$ of (14.7 $\pm$ 1.3) and (2.0 $\pm$ 0.3) MHz/mW$^{2}$ for ring resonator and waveguide structures respectively.
Methylglyoxal inhibition of cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase from Nicotiana tabacum

Methylglyoxal (MG) is one of the aldehydes accumulated in plants under environmental stress. Cytosolic ascorbate peroxidase (cAPX) plays a key role in the protection of cells from oxidative damage by scavenging reactive oxygen species in higher plants. A cDNA encoding cAPX, named NtcAPX, was isolated from Nicotiana tabacum. We characterized recombinant NtcAPX (rNtcAPX) as a fusion protein with glutathione S‐transferase to investigate the effects of MG on APX. NtcAPX consists of 250 amino acids and has a deduced molecular mass of 27.5 kDa. The rNtcAPX showed a higher APX activity. MG treatments resulted in a reduction of APX activity and modifications of amino groups in rNtcAPX with increasing Km for ascorbate. On the contrary, neither NaCl nor cadmium reduced the activity of APX. The present study suggests that inhibition of APX is in part due to the modification of amino acids by MG. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 26:315–321, 2012; View this article online at wileyonlinelibrary.com. DOI 10.1002/jbt.21423
Unsupervised Audio-Visual Segmentation with Modality Alignment

Audio-Visual Segmentation (AVS) aims to identify, at the pixel level, the object in a visual scene that produces a given sound. Current AVS methods rely on costly fine-grained annotations of mask-audio pairs, making them impractical for scalability. To address this, we introduce unsupervised AVS, eliminating the need for such expensive annotation. To tackle this more challenging problem, we propose an unsupervised learning method, named Modality Correspondence Alignment (MoCA), which seamlessly integrates off-the-shelf foundation models like DINO, SAM, and ImageBind. This approach leverages their knowledge complementarity and optimizes their joint usage for multi-modality association. Initially, we estimate positive and negative image pairs in the feature space. For pixel-level association, we introduce an audio-visual adapter and a novel pixel matching aggregation strategy within the image-level contrastive learning framework. This allows for a flexible connection between object appearance and audio signal at the pixel level, with tolerance to imaging variations such as translation and rotation. Extensive experiments on the AVSBench (single and multi-object splits) and AVSS datasets demonstrate that our MoCA outperforms strongly designed baseline methods and approaches supervised counterparts, particularly in complex scenarios with multiple auditory objects. Notably when comparing mIoU, MoCA achieves a substantial improvement over baselines in both the AVSBench (S4: +17.24%; MS3: +67.64%) and AVSS (+19.23%) audio-visual segmentation challenges.