Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gene body DNA methylation conspires with H3K36me3 to preclude aberrant transcription

DNA methylation of promoters is well known for its repressive effect on transcription initiation of protein‐coding genes, non‐coding RNAs, or transposon repeats. However, gene bodies represent the most conserved targets of DNA methylation among eukaryotes, and yet the function of intragenic methylation remains unclear. Recent research (Neri et al, ) suggests that intragenic methylation may serve to confine transcription initiation to canonical promoters in embryonic stem cells, thus preventing the production of aberrant transcripts.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy as Salvage Therapy for Sudden Sensorineural Hearing Loss.

OBJECTIVE To measure the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy as salvage therapy after the failure of steroid therapy for sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL). MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-three patients with SSNHL were unsuccessfully treated with systemic steroid therapy. Following steroid therapy, 43 patients received additional HBO therapy while 50 did not. Hearing levels at 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, and 8 kHz before and after therapy were measured. RESULTS A significant difference in hearing thresholds after HBO therapy was found at all frequencies in patients with a hearing loss of >61 dB. The group of patients with a hearing threshold of ≤60 dB had a significant improvement only at 250 and 500 Hz, while group of patients without additional therapy control group showed no hearing improvement. CONCLUSION Hyperbaric oxygen therapy therapy as salvage therapy for SSNHL showed some benefits in hearing improvement. Better results could be expected in patients with severe hearing loss, while in patients with mild-or-moderate hearing loss, recovery should be expected only at low frequencies.
YSTEMS I N NLP ( 2005 – 2015 ) : A S URVEY

In today’s world of digital media, connecting millions of users, large amounts of information is being generated. These are potential mines of knowledge and could give deep insights about the trends of both social and scientific value. However, owing to the fact that most of this is highly unstructured, we cannot make any sense of it. Natural language processing (NLP) is a serious attempt in this direction to organise the textual matter which is in a human understandable form (natural language) in a meaningful and insightful way. In this, text entailment can be considered a key component in verifying or proving the correctness or efficiency of this organisation. This paper tries to make a survey of various text entailment methods proposed giving a comparative picture based on certain criteria like robustness and semantic
Precapillary pulmonary hypertension leads to reversible bronchial hyperreactivity in rats

ABSTRACT Congenital heart disease with left-to-right shunt may lead to precapillary pulmonary hypertension (PREPHT) with potential lung function impairment. The authors investigated the effects of PREPHT on lung responsiveness in a rat model of PREPHT by creating and repairing an abdominal aortocaval shunt (ACS). Rats were studied 4 weeks after the induction of ACS, and 4 weeks after its surgical repair. Control rats underwent sham surgery. To assess bronchial hyperreactivity, airway resistance (Raw) was measured at baseline and after increasing doses of methacholine. Raw was estimated by model fitting of the mechanical impedance of the respiratory system generated by forced oscillation technique. Lung morphological changes were assessed by histology. The prolonged presence of the ACS led to only minor changes in the basal respiratory mechanics, whereas it induced marked bronchial hyperreactivity, the methacholine-induced elevations in Raw being 49% ± 5% before and 232% ± 32% (P <.001) after ACS. These alterations were not associated with any changes in lung histology and were completely reversible on closure of the shunt. These results suggest that the induction of chronic increases in pulmonary blood flow and pressure causes reversible bronchial hyperreactivity. This may be consequent to the altered mechanical interdependence between the pulmonary vasculature and the respiratory tract.
Shamed by a Parent or by Others: The Role of Attachment in Shame Memories Relation to Depression

Recent research has shown that shame traumatic and central memories not only have an impact on feelings of shame in adulthood but also moderate the impact of shame on depression. Although the quality of attachment relationships may be important in structuring shame memories, the research on this topic has been scant. This paper explores the moderator effect of shame memories involving attachment figures vs. shame memories involving other people on the relationship between shame and depression. 230 participants from the general community population completed the Shame Experiences Interview, assessing shame experiences from childhood and adolescence, and a battery of self-report scales measuring: shame traumatic memory, centrality of shame memory, external shame, internal shame and depression. Results revealed that shame memories with attachment figures showed higher correlations with internal shame and depressive symptoms whereas shame memories involving others presented higher correlations with external shame. Moderator analyses showed that only shame traumatic memory and centrality of shame memory involving attachment figures moderated the impact of external and internal shame on depression. The current findings shed light on the importance of the quality of attachment relationships in the structuring of shame traumatic memories and on their impact on psychopathological symptoms, adding to recent neuroscience research and Gilbert's approach on shame and compassion. Our results emphasize the relevance of addressing shame memories, mainly those that involve attachment figures, particularly when working with patients suffering What is already known about the topic? • Shame experiences from childhood and adolescence can operate as traumatic memories, invol- ving intrusiveness, hyperarousal and avoidance symptoms, and become central to self-identity and life story. • These traumatic and central shame memories are associated with shame feelings in adulthood and moderate the impact of shame on depression. • Attachment relationships are critical physiological and psychological regulators and individuals with insecure attachment styles show higher shame levels than those with secure attachment bonds. What this paper adds? • This study assesses the phenomenology of shame experiences involving attachment figures and involving other people from wider social interactions using a novel semi-structured interview. • Both shame memories with others and with attachment figures have an significant effect on de - pression, but only shame memories with attachment figures amplify the effect of current shame feelings on depressive symptoms. • First study to highlight the importance of the quality of attachment relationships in how shame experiences come to be structured as traumatic and central memories and impact on depression, adding to contemporary shame and attachment literature.
Risperidone as a treatment for childhood habitual behavior

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of adding risperidone to the general behavioral treatment of masturbation in children 3-7 years old. Methods: A 4 week randomized clinical controlled trial was designed in year 2009. Samples have been chosen from children who have been referred to the Child and Adolescence Psychiatric Clinic of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. Ninety children were recruited at the study and randomly allocated into the risperidone and control groups (44 and 46 respectively). The risperidone group was medicated simultaneously by behavioral treatments and 0.25-1 mg of risperidone daily while the controls only received the behavioral treatments. Findings: The mean ± SD age of the risperidone and control groups was 5.3 ± 1.1 and 4.9 ± 1.1 years, respectively. The mean ± SD of the period of suffering from masturbation was 3.4 ± 1.2 and 3.8 ± 1.7 months in the risperidone and the control groups, respectively. At the beginning of the study, the mean frequency of masturbation in control and the risperidone groups was 2.6 ± 0.9 and 2.7 ± 0.9 times/day, whereas after the 4th week, it decreased to 1.4 ± 0.6 and 1.1 ± 0.5 times/day, respectively. The results showed a more reduction in the mean frequency of masturbation in the risperidone group significantly. Conclusion: In comparison to the general behavioral treatment, risperidone in addition to the behavioral treatment will probably reduce the frequency of masturbation in children more effectively.
VIRULENCE DETERMINATION AMONG VIBRIO HARVEYI HATCHERY ISOLATES THROUGH HAEMOLYSIS AND GROWTH CONSTRAINT

Bacterial diseases mainly due to vibriosis in Penaeid shrimp culture implicating several species of Vibrios. Vibrio harveyi is considered as an important causative agent of the systemic vibriosis, which occurs in any bio-fields. The virulence of this bacterium is due to the production and expression of several virulent factors such as hemolysin, cysteine and metalloprotease, phospholipases, exotoxins, luciferase and siderophore. The present study intends the virulence determination among three strains of V. harveyi VSH3, VSH5 and VSH9 isolated from shrimp hatchery along the coastline of Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu during vibriosis outbreaks through their haemolysis and growth performance. Haemolytic activity examined against sheep blood resulted minor or no variations among the organisms in agar plate assay. However, in microtitre assay, Extra Cellular Products (ECP) of all isolates rendered increased activity with increase in dose and time of exposure. The bacterium VSH5 exhibited more haemolytic effect (at 500 μl concentration 72% haemolysis) than that of VSH9 and VSH3 reavled that the bacterium is highly virulent than the others. The bacterium VSH5 showed well growth in the optimum temperature (33°C), NaCl (2%) and pH (7.3). The maximum luminescence was expressed in 37°C, 2.5-3% NaCl and pH 7-9 in 18 to 48 hrs. Diverse colony morphology was observed in VSH5 on solid medium incubated for 3 to 5 days or longer. Growth curve experiment revealed that the bacterim VSH5 is a fast grower, completed its log phase within 7 hrs. Pathogenic strain like V. harveyi VSH5 causes high mortality and affects aquaculture production in hatchery as well as pond level. Hence, control measure against this kind of bacterium is urgently needed for maintain the sustainability of shrimp aquaculture in India and other Asian country.
Estimating and Exploring the Product Form Design Space Using Deep Generative Models

Product forms in quantitative design methods are typically expressed with a mathematical representation such as vectors, trees, graphs, and grammars. Such formal representations are restrictive in terms of realism or flexibility, and this limits their utility for human designers who typically create product forms in a design space that is restricted by the medium (e.g., free-hand sketching) and by their cognitive skills (e.g., creativity and experience). To increase the value of formal representations to human designers, this paper proposes to represent the design space as designs sampled from a statistical distribution of form and estimate a generative model of this distribution using a large set of images and design attributes of previous designs. This statistical representation approach is both flexible and realistic, and is estimated using a deep (multi-layer) generative model. The value of the representation is demonstrated in a study of two-dimensional automobile body forms. Using 180,000 form data of automobile designs over the past decade, we can morph a vehicle form into different body types and brands, thus offering human designers potential insights on realistic new design possibilities. ∗Address all correspondence to this author.
The Utility of Wealth

(b) acts in the face of known odds so as to maximize expected utility. (2) The utility function is as illustrated in Figure i. We may assume it to be a continuous curve with at least first and second derivatives.5 Let U be utility and W be wealth. Below some point A, (a2U)/(0W2) < o; between A and B, (02U)/Q(W2) > o; above B, (02U)/(0W2) < a. To tell geometrically whether or not an individual would prefer Wo with certainty or a "fair"6 chance of rising to WI or falling to
Brides, Bachelors and Brokers: The Marriage Market in Rural Anhui in an Era of Economic Reform

After a decade in which the social science research environment in China has improved dramatically, a detailed mass of information is now becoming available on the impact of the changing economy on the social structure of the rural areas. Generalizations based on secondary sources and interviews with migrants to Hong Kong have given way to detailed case studies based on longer-term fieldwork. Much of this has so far centred in Guandong Province, fanning out to Sichuan, Shandong and even as far north as Hebei and Liaoning. The picture which is emerging is one of quite considerable local variation. As Whyte and Harrell have recently suggested, the changes over large parts of the country remain unmapped, and what we need is more case studies to fill in the gaps (Whyte, 1992; Harrell, 1992).
A referendum on the carbon tax? The 2013 Australian election, the Greens, and the environment

The background to, campaign preceding, and results of the Australian general election of 2013 are discussed, as are the likely consequences of the election of a Liberal-National coalition government. The focus is upon the contest over the Labor government's Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme, and the opposition's characterisation of it as a 'carbon tax'. Other environmental policies and the fate of the Australian Greens are also discussed.
The role of cooperation in a creative industry: the case of UK studio pottery

In this paper, we explore the role that cooperation plays in a small‐scale creative sector, namely that of UK studio pottery. Drawing upon data from a survey of studio potters, we examine the extent to which these artists cooperate with others in their production activities and then assess the impact of this cooperation on their sales performance. While our results suggest that studio potters can and do benefit from establishing stronger cooperative ties, the nurturing of such ties is not always easy and significant barriers to cooperation exist. Overcoming such barriers depends very much upon the nature of dyadic relations between actors, which is something we suggest reflects the governance structure of the network.
An Onset Advantage without a Preview Benefit: Neuropsychological Evidence Separating Onset and Preview Effects in Search

Visual search is facilitated if half the distractors are presented as a preview prior to the presentation of the target and second set of distractors-the preview benefit [Watson, D. G. , & Humphreys, G. W. Visual marking: Prioritizing selection for new objects by top-down attentional inhibition of old objects. Psychological Review, 104, 90-122, 1997]. On one account, the preview advantage is due to automatic capture of attention by the onsets in the second, search display [Donk, M. , & Theeuwes, J. Visual marking beside the mark: Prioritizing selection by abrupt onsets. Perception & Psychophysics, 93, 891-900, 2001]. We provide a neuropsychological test of this assertion. We examined onset capture and preview benefits in search in a group of neuropsychological patients with unilateral parietal damage. We demonstrate a normal pattern of performance when patients detected targets defined by onsets relative to those defined by offsets, irrespective of whether the onset target fell contra-or ipsilateral to the lesion. In contrast, there was a normal preview benefit in search only for ipsilesional targets, and preview search was impaired in the contralesional field. The data demonstrate that the preview benefit can dissociate from the onset advantage in search, and that onsets remain strongly weighted for attention even in the contralesional field of patients with parietal lesions.
The Roots of Voluntary Agencies: A Question of Choice

This article presents a conceptual framework for exploring the development of voluntary organizations. The first part of the theory distinguishes busi ness and public bureaucracies from associations and defines the agency as a hybrid or ambiguous organization. The second part of the theory analyzes the system of "roots" of voluntary agencies, which is defined as the relationship between implicit welfare policy, financial resources, and human resources. It is suggested that voluntary agency development can be understood, and therefore planned, by examining its root system and that severe imbalances among operational explanations, root system, and governing body can lead to many familiar problems.
Influence of perceived service fairness on relationship quality and switching intention: an empirical study of restaurant experiences

Restaurants and dining out are an important part of the tourism industry and are a major business in their own right. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between perceived service fairness, relationship quality, and switching intention in fine dining restaurants. Data were collected through a convenience sampling method from 164 customers from only fine dining restaurants in the northern region of West Malaysia (Kedah, Perak, Penang, and Perlis States). Unlike all previous studies which have focused exclusively on the role of justice in service failure and recovery, this study considers all-inclusive service delivery contexts. The results of this study showed that all the dimensions of perceived service fairness have a significant relationship with switching intention. In addition, perceived service fairness has a positive relationship with trust in all dimensions except for outcome fairness. Moreover, the results found that among the perceived service fairness dimensions, only procedural fairness and interactional fairness had a positive relationship with commitment and price fairness; outcome fairness was not related to commitment. Finally, the results confirmed the negative and significant relationship between relationship quality (trust and commitment) on switching intention. Managerial implications of these findings are briefly discussed.
Competition and Innovation in 1950s Britain

We find little support for the Schumpeterian hypothesis of a positive relationship between market power and innovation in 1950’s Britain even though many economists and policymakers accepted it at the time. Pricefixing agreements were very widespread prior to the 1956 Restrictive Practices Act and they seem to have had adverse effects on costs and productivity. Competition policy appears to have been much too lenient but the productivity problems of British industry at this time are best viewed as arising largely from the difficulties of reaping the benefits of innovation rather than from a failure to innovate per se.
Vegf is Likely a Key Factor in the Link between Inflammation and Angiogenesis in Psoriasis: Results of an Immunohistochemical Study

Psoriasis is a chronic skin disease, characterized by epidermal hyperplasia, inflammation, angiogenesis and vascular remodelling. An immunohistochemical study on fifteen cryosections of psoriatic skin was performed using antibodies against VEGF, HIF1-α, CD34, Factor VIII, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2. Psoriatic skin showed a diffuse VEGF positive staining (13.15± 6.6), while no expression was observed in normal epidermis. No or faint HIF-1α immunostaining was detected in healthy skin, while in psoriatic skin HIF-1α was diffusely expressed. A positive correlation between HIF-1α and VEGF was reported in psoriatic skin (r= 0.644; p=0.010). In psoriatic sections CD34 expression was significantly higher in respect to control skin (19.15 ± 12.61 vs 3.0 ± 0.23; p= 0.04), factor VIII immunostaining also demonstrated a significant increased development of the microvasculature in comparison with healthy skin (18.39 ± 8.16 vs 7.4 ± 0.20; p= 0.033). Total MMP-2 expression of healthy skin (30± 2.26) was significantly lower in respect to the MMP-2 psoriatic skin (71.5±4.13; p= 0.0001) and a positive correlation was observed between VEGF and MMP-2 in psoriatic patients (r= 0.688; p= 0.046). In psoriatic skin MMP-9 expression was significantly increased in comparison to control skin (31±3.3 vs 8±6.1; p=0.007). All cases of psoriatic skin tissue showed that TIMP-2 and TIMP-1 expression statistically decreased in psoriatic skin (respectively 11±1.2 and 12±1.5) in comparison with healthy skin (respectively 15±3.2 and 53±3.8; p=0.0001). In conclusion, we observed that VEGF overexpression correlated with HIF-1α and MMP-2 expression, underlining the role of VEGF in psoriasis as a key factor in the link between inflammation and angiogenesis.
Associations of sex hormone concentrations with health and life satisfaction in elderly men.

OBJECTIVE To analyze associations between sex hormone concentrations and self-rated health and life satisfaction, neuropsychiatric symptoms, or diagnosed depression or dementia in elderly men. METHODS The study subjects were men from the community-based Lieto Study (N = 517). Subjects were excluded from the study if they were taking exogenous sex hormones or medication for prostate cancer or for benign prostatic hyperplasia or if data for calculating body mass index (BMI) were missing. Thus, 466 men (64 to 97 years old; mean age, 72 years; mean BMI, 26.9 kg/m(2)) remained for further analysis. RESULTS After adjustment for age, higher levels of testosterone and free testosterone were associated with better self-rated health. After adjustment for age and BMI, no statistically significant associations were found between sex hormone levels and self-rated health or life satisfaction or most neuropsychiatric symptoms in elderly men. Diagnosed depression was associated with a lower serum testosterone concentration. Higher levels of luteinizing hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone were associated with diagnosed dementia. CONCLUSION In this population-based study with high attendance rate, low serum testosterone concentration was associated with diagnosed depression. Subclinical hypogonadism may be associated with diagnosed dementia. Single questions on neuropsychiatric symptoms commonly associated with androgen deficiency seemed to have weak or no correlation with testosterone or free testosterone levels among this group of elderly men.
Trade in services and TFP: the role of regulation

What determines services TFP: Is it services trade or services‐trade regulation? To respond to this question I use four indicators of international trade in services since 1990 to 2005 – namely FDI inward stock, services imports, domestic sales of foreign affiliates (FATS) and FDI inflows – to examine what type of services trade directly affects services TFP. Such analysis is done both for the level and growth rate of TFP in each of the 14 selected services sectors. Subsequently, we analyze what type of sector‐specific regulation with respect to each of the four indicators of services trade has played an inhibiting effect on both the level and growth of services TFP. Such analysis contrasts with former studies in which mainly factor inputs and economy‐wide regulatory variables are used to explain services TFP. We provide evidence that services trade has a direct effect on the level of services TFP, but this effect is inhibited as soon as the regulatory variables are included. As for services TFP growth, we find that neither trade nor entry barriers are robust determinants to explain cross‐country differences over time. Instead, regulation on operational procedures affecting the variables costs structure of the firm play a much more important role in explaining TFP growth between countries.