Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Supervised learning of hidden and non-hidden 0-order affordances and detection in real scenes

The ability to perceive possible interactions with the environment is a key capability of task-guided robotic agents. An important subset of possible interactions depends solely on the objects of interest and their position and orientation in the scene. We call these object-based interactions 0-order affordances and divide them among non-hidden and hidden whether the current configuration of an object in the scene renders its affordance directly usable or not. Conversely to other works, we propose that detecting affordances that are not directly perceivable increase the usefulness of robotic agents with manipulation capabilities, so that by appropriate manipulation they can modify the object configuration until the seeked affordance becomes available. In this paper we show how 0-order affordances depending on the geometry of the objects and their pose can be learned using a supervised learning strategy on 3D mesh representations of the objects allowing the use of the whole object geometry. Moreover, we show how the learned affordances can be detected in real scenes obtained with a low-cost depth sensor like the Microsoft Kinect through object recognition and 6D0F pose estimation and present results for both learning on meshes and detection on real scenes to demonstrate the practical application of the presented approach.
Fragmentation functions in SUSY QCD and UHECR spectra produced in top - down models

We present results from two different methods for the calculation of hadron spectra in QCD and SUSY QCD with large primary energies √ s up to 10 16 GeV. The two methods considered are a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation and the evolution of fragmentation functions described by the Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi (DGLAP) equations. We find that the pion, nucleon and all-hadron spectra calculated with the two methods agree well. The MC simulation is performed with new hadronization functions (in comparison with our previous work), motivated by low-energy ( √ s < MZ) data and DGLAP. The hadron spectra calculated with both sets of hadronization functions agree well, which indicates that our method for calculating the hadronization function works successfully. The small difference in the calculated hadron spectra characterizes the uncertainties of this method. We calculate also the spectra of photons, neutrinos and nucleons and compare them with other published results. The agreement is good for all x from ∼ 10 −5 up to x ≤ 0.3. The consistency of the spectra calculated by different methods allows to consider the spectral shape as a signature of models with decays or annihilations of superheavy particles, such as topological defects or superheavy DM. The UHECR spectra from these sources are calculated.
Maf1, a New Player in the Regulation of Human RNA Polymerase III Transcription

Background Human RNA polymerase III (pol III) transcription is regulated by several factors, including the tumor suppressors P53 and Rb, and the proto-oncogene c-Myc. In yeast, which lacks these proteins, a central regulator of pol III transcription, called Maf1, has been described. Maf1 is required for repression of pol III transcription in response to several signal transduction pathways and is broadly conserved in eukaryotes. Methodology/Principal Findings We show that human endogenous Maf1 can be co-immunoprecipitated with pol III and associates in vitro with two pol III subunits, the largest subunit RPC1 and the α-like subunit RPAC2. Maf1 represses pol III transcription in vitro and in vivo and is required for maximal pol III repression after exposure to MMS or rapamycin, treatments that both lead to Maf1 dephosphorylation. Conclusions/Significance These data suggest that Maf1 is a major regulator of pol III transcription in human cells.
General (Anti-)de Sitter black holes in five dimensions

We find a general class of rotating charged black hole solutions to N = 2, D = 5 gauged supergravity coupled to vector supermultiplets. The supersymmetry properties of these solutions are studied, and their mass and angular momenta are obtained. We also compute the stress tensor of the dual D = 4, = 4 super Yang-Mills theory in the limit of strong `t Hooft coupling. It is shown that closed timelike curves occur outside the horizon, indicating loss of unitarity in the dual CFT. For imaginary coupling constant of the gravitini to the gauge fields, one can obtain multi-centered rotating charged de Sitter black holes. Some physical properties of these solutions are also discussed.
Hardware Support for Safety Interlocks and Introspection

Hardware interlocks that enforce semantic invariants and allow fine-grained privilege separation can be built with reasonable costs given modern semiconductor technology. In the common error-free case, these mechanisms operate largely in parallel with the intended computation, monitoring the semantic intent of the computation on an operation-by-operation basis without sacrificing cycles to perform security checks. We specifically explore five mechanisms: (1) pointers with manifest bounds (fat pointers), (2) hardware types (atomic groups), (3) processor-supported authority, (4)authority-changing procedure calls (gates), and (5) programmable metadata validation and propagation (tags and dynamic tag management). These mechanisms allow the processor to continuously introspect on its operation, efficiently triggering software handlers on events that require logging, merit sophisticated inspection, or prompt adaptation. We present results from our prototype FPGA implementation of a processor that incorporates these mechanisms, quantifying the logic, memory, and latency requirements. We show that the dominant cost is the wider memory necessary to hold our metadata (the atomic groups and programmable tags), that the added logic resources make up less than 20% of the area of the processor, that the concurrent checks do not degrade processor cycle time, and that the tag cache is comparable to a small L1 data cache.
Diagenesis and dolomitisation of the Devonian Upper Stettler and Crossfield, south-central Alberta: Petrologic and isotopic evidence.

The Devonian Upper Stettler Formation and the underlying Crossfield Member are mixed evaporite/carbonate assemblages that were cyclically deposited on carbonate ramps during the Famennian. Lithofacies include mudstones, peloidal grainstones, stromatoporoid floatstones, bioclastic packstones/rudstones, and dolostones. The following events are identified as the most important in the diagenetic alteration o f facies in the Upper Stettler and Crossfield: (1) early pervasive dolomitisation from Mg2+ rich refluxing brines; (2) chemical compaction; (3) recrystallisation o f early matrix dolomites with changing pore-fluid chemistry; (4) secondary anhydrite, blocky calcite II, and saddle dolomite cements; (5) Deep-burial TSR reactions. Isotopic values (8180 and 8 13C) and 8 7Sr/86Sr ratios suggest progressive diagenetic alteration for both calcite and dolomite phases with increasing burial. These values reflect increasing temperatures, interaction with organic carbons, mixing pore-fluids with depth, and TSR processes that have occurred within the Upper Stettler Formation and more particularly, the Crossfield Member.
Algorithms for detailed placement of standard cells

The state-of-the-art methods for the placement of large-scale standard cell designs work in a top-down fashion. After some iterations, where more and more detailed placement information is obtained, a final procedure for finding a legal placement is needed. This paper presents a new method for this final task, based on efficient algorithms from combinatorial optimization.
Assessment of attitudes, self-management, and quality of life of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the malay population

Attitudes, self-management, and quality of life (Qo L) in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) h ave become important issues in Malaysia. The main objective of this study was to examine the level of attitudes, selfmanagement and QoL among people with T2DM in the Malay population. This was a cross-sectional study an d 200 participants with T2DM completed the questionnaires. The original English language versions of the Dia betes Integration-19 (ATT19), Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA), and Diabetes Quality of Life (DQoL) scale, which measure participants’ attitudes, self- management, and QoL respectively, were translated into Malay language. Internal consistency, Cronbach’ s alpha illustrated good reliability of the Malay ve rsion questionnaires. Among the participants, mean score for attitudes wa s 60. The mean scores for the four aspects of self- management ranged from lowest, 1.4 to highest, 5.2. The mean s cores for satisfaction and impact of QoL were 69.9 and 21.8 respectively. This study indicates that there were differences between gender, and between insulin use rs and nonusers in terms of their levels of diabetes self-man agement and QoL. Greater understanding of diabetes attitudes, selfmanagement, and QoL is important for developing appropriate health programs and consultation strategie s for people with T2DM.
The dynamics of Pr ignanz

chunking contains seven different elements: x, z, (xz), t, p, q, and (pq). The reason to count all different elements in the abstract chunking that results from a code is twofold. First, the number of different symbols in the abstract chunking equals the number of pattern symbols in the code and can therefore be said to reflect the amount of irregularity (residual nonidentity) in the code (cf. Collard & Buffart, 1983). Second, the chunks in the abstract chunking reflect the hierarchy in the code, and therefore the number of different chunks can be said to quantify hierarchy in terms of irregularity at higher hierarchical levels. So, the In~w load measures code complexity in terms of irregularity at all hierarchical levels. Two further examples may be illustrative. In both Figures 2 and 3, the hierarchical chunking is also the abstract chunking. So, the code S[2*((a)(b))] in Figure 2 gets Inew = 3, since the abstract chunking ((a)(b))((a)(b)) (b)(a)(b)(a) contains three different elements: a, b, and ((a)(b)). Similarly, the code / in Figure 3 gets Inew = 5, since the abstract chunking ((k)(x))((k)(y))((k)(x)) contains five different elements: k, x, ((k)(x)), y, and ((k)(y)). The Inew load is more plausible than the Iold load since, unlike the Iold load, the In~w load does not depend on syntactical artifacts of the coding model. Moreover, the theoretical significance of the Inew load is enhanced by its strong relation with the ISA rules. For, the Inew load can be applied only to transparent coding rules, since it requires hierarchical chunking. So, it cannot be applied to, e. g. , the D or the T rule, as these coding rules are not transparent (nor holographic, by the way). In that sense, the I~w load differs essentially from all other measures proposed so far, and provides a possible way out of an empirical deadlock. For it has been difficult to decide empirically which set of coding rules is most appropriate, since the complexity measure seems more decisive than the coding rules (cf. Simon, 1972). Now, however, empirical support for the Inew load automatically implies support for (the transparent character of) the ISA rules.
Thermal Stability Threshold for Amyloid Formation in Light Chain Amyloidosis

Light chain (AL) amyloidosis is a devastating disease characterized by amyloid deposits formed by immunoglobulin light chains. Current available treatments involve conventional chemotherapy and autologous stem cell transplant. We have recently concluded a phase III trial comparing these two treatments. AL amyloidosis patients who achieve hematological complete response (CR) do not necessarily achieve organ response regardless of the treatment they received. In order to investigate the possible correlation between amyloid formation kinetics and organ response, we selected AL amyloidosis patients from the trial with kidney involvement and CR after treatment. Six patients were selected and their monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains were characterized. The proteins showed differences in their stability and their kinetics of amyloid formation. A correlation was detected at pH 7.4, showing that less stable proteins are more likely to form amyloid fibrils. AL-T03 is too unstable to form amyloid fibrils at pH 7.4. This protein was found in the only patient in the study that had organ response, suggesting that partially folded species are required for amyloid formation to occur in AL amyloidosis.
On Directed Versions of the Hajnal–Szemerédi Theorem

We say that a (di)graph G has a perfect H-packing if there exists a set of vertex-disjoint copies of H which cover all the vertices in G. The seminal Hajnal–Szemerédi theorem characterizes the minimum degree that ensures a graph G contains a perfect Kr -packing. In this paper we prove the following analogue for directed graphs: Suppose that T is a tournament on r vertices and G is a digraph of sufficiently large order n where r divides n. If G has minimum in- and outdegree at least (1−1/r)n then G contains a perfect T-packing. In the case when T is a cyclic triangle, this result verifies a recent conjecture of Czygrinow, Kierstead and Molla [4] (for large digraphs). Furthermore, in the case when T is transitive we conjecture that it suffices for every vertex in G to have sufficiently large indegree or outdegree. We prove this conjecture for transitive triangles and asymptotically for all r ⩾ 3. Our approach makes use of a result of Keevash and Mycroft [10] concerning almost perfect matchings in hypergraphs as well as the Directed Graph Removal Lemma [1, 6].
In situ reverse transcription: the magic of strength and anonymity

In this study, we describe an approach that enables a highly specific, effective and fast detection of polyadenylated RNA sequences in situ at the light and electron microscopy levels. The method developed is based on the incorporation of 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine into the growing cDNA strand by means of the reverse transcriptase. We have shown that unlike the previously used deoxyuridine tagged with biotin or digoxigenin, 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine is ‘invisible’ in the DNA–DNA duplex but easily detectable in the DNA–RNA duplex. This feature is an important pre-requisite for the correct interpretation of the data obtained, as our results strongly indicate that reverse transcriptase uses DNA breaks as primers efficiently. We have also shown that the replacement of deoxythymidine by 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine considerably stabilizes the growing DNA–RNA duplex, thus enabling the one-step detection of polyadenylated RNA in structurally well-preserved cells. The method developed provides a highly specific signal with the signal/noise ratio higher than 130 for permeabilized cells and 25 for conventional acrylic resin sections under the conditions used. When the high pressure freezing technique followed by the freeze substitution is employed for the cell's preparation, the ratio is higher than 80.
Prenatal influences on bone health in children

ABSTRACT Introduction: Optimising bone health might reduce the burden of both fractures in childhood and fragility fractures in later life. A number of maternal dietary and non-dietary factors have been identified that might influence offspring bone health and represent targets for intervention. Areas covered: This article will outline the accrual of bone mineral throughout the life course and how observational and intervention studies have shown that maternal diet, in particular maternal calcium and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status, and lifestyle are associated with offspring bone mineralization. Studies examining the effects of maternal micronutrient supplementation on offspring bone mineral density (BMD) will also be discussed. Expert commentary: There is a wealth of observational evidence relating maternal diet to offspring BMD. However, high quality randomized controlled trials, such as the ongoing MAVIDOS study, are needed before these findings can be definitively translated into public health advice.
Relationship between strength characteristics and unweighted and weighted vertical jump height.

PURPOSE To investigate the relationship between maximum strength and differences in jump height during weighted and unweighted (body weight) static (SJ) and countermovement jumps (CMJ). METHODS Sixty-three collegiate athletes (mean +/- SD; age= 19.9 +/- 1.3 y; body mass = 72.9 +/- 19.6 kg; height = 172.8 +/- 7.7 cm) performed two trials of the SJ and CMJ with 0 kg and 20 kg on a force plate; and two trials of mid-thigh isometric clean pulls in a custom rack over a force plate (1000-Hz sampling). Jump height (JH) was calculated from flight time. Force-time curve analyses determined the following: isometric peak force (IPF), isometric force (IF) at 50, 90, and 250 ms, and isometric rates of force development (IRFD). Absolute and allometric scaled forces, [absolute force/(body mass(0.67))], were used in correlations. RESULTS IPF, IRFD, F50(a), F50, F90, and F250 showed moderate/strong correlations with SJ and CMJ height percent decrease from 0 to 20 kg. IPF(a) and F250(a) showed weak/moderate correlations with percent height decrease. Comparing strongest (n = 6) to weakest (n = 6): t tests revealed that stronger athletes (IPF(a)) performed superior to weaker athletes. CONCLUSION Data indicate the ability to produce higher peak and instantaneous forces and IRFD is related to JH and to smaller differences between weighted and unweighted jump heights. Stronger athletes jump higher and show smaller decrements in JH with load. A weighted jump may be a practical method of assessing relative strength levels.
Simultaneous Torsion in the Legendre Family

ABSTRACT We improve a result due to Masser and Zannier, who showed that the set is finite, where Eλ: y2 = x(x − 1)(x − λ) is the Legendre family of elliptic curves. More generally, denote by T(α, β), for , α ≠ β, the set of such that all points with x-coordinate α or β are torsion on Eλ. By further results of Masser and Zannier, all these sets are finite. We present a fairly elementary argument showing that the set T(2, 3) in question is actually empty. More generally, we obtain an explicit description of the set of parameters λ such that the points with x-coordinate α and β are simultaneously torsion, in the case that α and β are algebraic numbers that are not 2-adically close. We also improve another result due to Masser and Zannier dealing with the case that has transcendence degree 1. In this case, we show that and that we can decide whether the set is empty or not, if we know the irreducible polynomial relating α and β. This leads to a more precise description of T(α, β) also in the case when both α and β are algebraic. We performed extensive computations that support several conjectures, for example, that there should be only finitely many pairs (α, β) such that .
Model reuse versus model development: Effects on credibility and learning

The construction of generic models and their validity when reused has received much attention in the DES literature. This is with good reason as rapid deployment of a generic model can reduce time, effort and cost of a study. On the other hand the utility of model reuse as an aid to decision making has had little exploration. This is an area that should be considered as the literature on learning from just simulation model use provides contradictory evidence on its effectiveness. This paper proposes that development of models with some client involvement has alternative benefits to reusing a model: improved learning and understanding for clients. To explore this proposition an experimental design to compare how model reuse and model development affect learning in DES studies is presented. Some preliminary thoughts, based on pilot experiments, on the client process of credibility assessment and understanding of resource utilisation are discussed.
TurboPixels: Fast Superpixels Using Geometric Flows

We describe a geometric-flow-based algorithm for computing a dense oversegmentation of an image, often referred to as superpixels. It produces segments that, on one hand, respect local image boundaries, while, on the other hand, limiting undersegmentation through a compactness constraint. It is very fast, with complexity that is approximately linear in image size, and can be applied to megapixel sized images with high superpixel densities in a matter of minutes. We show qualitative demonstrations of high-quality results on several complex images. The Berkeley database is used to quantitatively compare its performance to a number of oversegmentation algorithms, showing that it yields less undersegmentation than algorithms that lack a compactness constraint while offering a significant speedup over N-cuts, which does enforce compactness.
Critical Resistance Affecting Sub- to Super-Critical Transition Flow by Vegetation

In order to design a vegetation structure to mitigate floods resulting from extreme events like tsunamis, vegetation density and thickness (width) are important parameters. Flow passing through vegetation faces great resistance, which results in a backwater rise on upstream (U/S) vegetation, increases the water slope inside the vegetation, and for some cases, forms a hydraulic jump downstream (D/S) of the vegetation, thus transforming a subcritical flow to supercritical [Pasha, G. A. and Tanaka, N. [2017] “Undular hydraulic jump formation and energy loss in a flow through emergent vegetation of varying thickness and density,” Ocean Eng. 141, 308–325. ]. Like the concepts of critical velocity and critical slope, this paper introduces the concept of “critical resistance of vegetation,” which is defined as “resistance offered by vegetation that transforms a subcritical flow to supercritical. ” An analytical approach to find the water depths U/S, inside, and D/S of vegetation is introduced and validated well by laboratory experiments. Critical resistance was determined against vegetation of variable densities ([Formula: see text], where [Formula: see text] of each cylinder in the cross-stream direction, [Formula: see text] of the cylinder), thicknesses (dn, where [Formula: see text] of a cylinder and [Formula: see text] of cylinders in a stream-wise direction per unit of cross-stream width), and the initial Froude number (Fro). A subcritical flow ([Formula: see text], without vegetation) was transformed to a supercritical flow (D/S vegetation) with a range of Froude numbers of 1.6–1.9, 1.1–1.2, and 0.85–0.98 against [Formula: see text] ratios of 0.25, 1.09, and 2.13, respectively, thus defining [Formula: see text] as the critical resistance. However, altering vegetation thickness did not change the results.
MARSYAS3D: A PROTOTYPE AUDIO BROWSER-EDITOR USING A LARGE SCALE IMMERSIVE VISUAL AND AUDIO DISPLAY

Most audio editing tools offer limited capabilities for browsing and editing large collections of files. Moreover working with many audio files tends to clutter the limited screen space of a desktop monitor. In this paper we describe MARSYAS3D, a prototype audio browser and editor for large audio collections. A variety of 2D and 3D graphics interfaces for working with collections and/or individual files have been developed. Many of these interfaces are informed by automatic content-based audio analysis tools. Although MARSYAS3D can be used with a desktop monitor it has been specifically designed as an application for the Princeton Scalable Display Wall project. The current Display Wall system has an 8 x 18-foot rear projection screen with a resolution of 4096 x 1536 pixels. For sound a custom-made 16-speaker surround system is used. The users interact with the Wall using a variety of input methods. This immersive display allows for visual and aural presentation of detailed information for browsing and editing large audio collections and supports natural interactive collaborations among multiple simultaneous users.