Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Do LSTMs really work so well for PoS tagging? – A replication study

A recent study by Plank et al. (2016) found that LSTM-based PoS taggers considerably improve over the current state-of-the-art when evaluated on the corpora of the Universal Dependencies project that use a coarse-grained tagset. We replicate this study using a fresh collection of 27 corpora of 21 languages that are annotated with fine-grained tagsets of varying size. Our replication confirms the result in general, and we additionally find that the advantage of LSTMs is even bigger for larger tagsets. However, we also find that for the very large tagsets of morphologically rich languages, hand-crafted morphological lexicons are still necessary to reach state-of-the-art performance.
The Effect of Social Network on Business Performance in Established Manufacturing Small and Medium Enterprises ( SMEs ) in Malaysia

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of social network on business performance in the Malaysian established manufacturing SMEs. The research data were collected through mail questionnaire sent to owner-manager in manufacturing industry around Malaysia. A stratified random sampling was used which elicited 226 useable responses to be used for data analysis. The outcomes of hierarchical multiple regression revealed two important findings: firstly, network centrality has positively and significantly effect business performance. Secondly, family members networking and network density have positively but not significantly effect business performance. In addition, the discussions on results, the contribution to the body of knowledge as well as limitations of this study are discussed.
The Rise and Fall of Japan's LDP: Political Party Organizations as Historical Institutions

ancient poets. While poetry was an autonomous expression of the emotions, it did have a secondary political function. This is an excellent book, exposing new insights into the thought and literature of mid-Tokugawa Japan. It mostly deals with theories about poetry and its role in society, shows links between Confucianism and nativist thought, and refutes attempts to interpret this thought as modern. It should be read to provide a broader appreciation of the subtleties of Tokugawa thought, especially the significant role of emotion in forging a community.
Hypoglycemic Effect of the Aromatic Water of Leaves of Ficus Carica In ( ormal and Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rats

Diabetes mellitus is the most important metabolic disorder worldwide. Use of medicinal plants for lowering blood glucose is clinically important in diabetic individuals. In this respect, the effect of oral administration of aromatic water of leaves of Ficus carica on blood glucose level in diabetic rats was investigated. In this experimental study, male rats Sprague Dawley (n=80, 200-250 g), divided into two groups (40 normal and 40 diabetic surviving rats), each consisting of four subgroups (4 normal and 4 diabetic) including 10 animals each. Diabetic rats received streptozotocin (ip , 65 mg/kg). Subgroup one of each group was gavaged with vehicle (distilled water) and served as control, while subgroups 2, 3 and 4 of each group were gavaged with aromatic water of leaves of Ficus carica(extract) at doses of 0.05, 0.1, and 0.4 mg/dl, respectively. Blood glucose levels were measured 0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours after the administration of vehicle or the extract. Data were analyzed using repeated measure ANOVA and Dunnett t-test.
Motivation and Emotions in Competition Systems for Education: An Empirical Study

A lack of student motivation is a problem in many courses in electrical engineering. Introducing competition between students can enhance their motivation, but it can also generate negative emotions. This paper presents an empirical study of students in a telecommunications engineering degree; it measured their level of motivation, and their emotions about competition in education in general, and in particular about the Information System for Competition based on pRoblem solving in Education (ISCARE). ISCARE makes adaptive matches, pairing students who share a similar knowledge level. The study results show that students had moderate levels of motivation and experienced no negative emotions while using ISCARE. Under certain circumstances, therefore, competition in education, using technology systems that provide competition, can produce motivation without generating negative emotions. Female students and students with low ISCARE scores were less motivated and experienced more negative emotions. In addition, motivation and emotions toward ISCARE were more positive than they had been toward competition in general.
Promoting teacher reflection: what is said to be done

The present article’s aim is to evaluate studies that promote teacher reflection. Through programmes of professional development, teachers are being encouraged to improve their reflective practice. This paper explores the grounding of what is advocated as reflective teaching and looks at possible differences between what is evidenced in research and what is promoted in practice. For this purpose, the content of a collection of texts published in teacher journals was analysed. The texts disseminated reflections on action to teachers. An analytical framework was used to evaluate the professional development proposals for teachers’ reflective practice. The findings indicated there was a lack of agreement about how to conduct reflection, as well as a wide variety of types of reflection. Many proposals lacked empirical and theoretical support. A strong trend was noted towards prescription, despite the fact that little justification was provided for the advice. This led us to conclude that teachers are provided with only limited information on how to improve their reflective practice, which may hamper its use.
A Multi-Label Learning Based Kernel Automatic Recommendation Method for Support Vector Machine

Choosing an appropriate kernel is very important and critical when classifying a new problem with Support Vector Machine. So far, more attention has been paid on constructing new kernels and choosing suitable parameter values for a specific kernel function, but less on kernel selection. Furthermore, most of current kernel selection methods focus on seeking a best kernel with the highest classification accuracy via cross-validation, they are time consuming and ignore the differences among the number of support vectors and the CPU time of SVM with different kernels. Considering the tradeoff between classification success ratio and CPU time, there may be multiple kernel functions performing equally well on the same classification problem. Aiming to automatically select those appropriate kernel functions for a given data set, we propose a multi-label learning based kernel recommendation method built on the data characteristics. For each data set, the meta-knowledge data base is first created by extracting the feature vector of data characteristics and identifying the corresponding applicable kernel set. Then the kernel recommendation model is constructed on the generated meta-knowledge data base with the multi-label classification method. Finally, the appropriate kernel functions are recommended to a new data set by the recommendation model according to the characteristics of the new data set. Extensive experiments over 132 UCI benchmark data sets, with five different types of data set characteristics, eleven typical kernels (Linear, Polynomial, Radial Basis Function, Sigmoidal function, Laplace, Multiquadric, Rational Quadratic, Spherical, Spline, Wave and Circular), and five multi-label classification methods demonstrate that, compared with the existing kernel selection methods and the most widely used RBF kernel function, SVM with the kernel function recommended by our proposed method achieved the highest classification performance.
Risks of colon and rectal adenomas are differentially associated with anthropometry throughout life: the French E3N prospective cohort.

BACKGROUND Associations between adult anthropometry and risk of colorectal neoplasms are well established. However, whereas body mass in infancy and childhood has been associated with risk of some cancers, little is known about potential associations with colorectal neoplasms. The authors investigated associations between colorectal adenoma risk and lifetime anthropometry, in an attempt to better understand the relationships between anthropometric features and colorectal carcinogenesis. METHODS Among the 17 391 women of the French E3N cohort who underwent a colonoscopy during follow-up (1993-2002), 1408 developed a first colorectal adenoma. Associations were estimated with Cox multivariate proportional hazard regression models. RESULTS Left colon adenoma risk was associated with high birth weight [hazard ratio (HR) high vs median = 1.21; 95% confidence interval (95% CI): 1.00-1.47, P(trend) = 0.03] and large adult body shape (HR = 1.28; 95% CI: 1.04-1.56, P(trend) = 0.02). A large versus small body shape at age 8 years and at menarche were associated with a decreased rectal adenoma risk [HR = 0.68; 95% CI: 0.49-0.95, P(trend) = 0.01 and 0.73 (0.53-1.01), P(trend) = 0.05, respectively]. Except for a positive association with large vs median birth weight, no anthropometric characteristic was associated with right colon adenoma risk. Associations did not differ between advanced and non-advanced adenomas. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that early life events may influence early stages of colorectal carcinogenesis and add to the evidence of differential pathways of carcinogenesis in the right colon, left colon and rectum.
Untangling Teacher–Child Play Interactions: Do Teacher Education and Experience Influence “Good-Fit” Responses to Children's Play?

The purpose of this study was to determine if levels of teacher education and experience would influence how teachers respond to children's play needs in a preschool classroom. The interactions of eight teachers—three of whom were categorized as high education/high experience, three as low education/high experience, and two as low education/low experience—were videotaped and analyzed over a 6-month period. Specific levels of child play need and teacher guidance were first coded. The degree to which there was a good fit between the amount of child need and teacher support was examined. Differences in these good- (and poor-)fit interactions across the three groups of teachers were studied. Four interviews with adult participants were conducted to elucidate quantitative findings. Findings show that teachers with high levels of education and experience were more likely to perform good-fit play interactions. In interviews, teachers from this group identified specific elements of teacher education that enhanced their classroom experiences and, consequently, their ability to match their interactions to children's play needs. In contrast, low/high teachers were more likely to provide poor-fit responses to play, often giving direct support when none was needed. Teachers of the low/low group were unpredictable in their responses to children's play, often failing to interact at all when opportunities arose for meaningful play intervention. Interviews with these two groups revealed reasons for these poor-fit interactions, including a lack of knowledge about play and an inability to reflect on child outcomes. Implications of these findings for teacher education are considered.
Women and Men in Management

Foreword Chapter 1 Sex, Gender, and Work On the Psychology of Sex Sex vs. Gender Sex as a Primary Dimension of Diversity Watching Out for Biases Organization of the Book Chapter 2 Yesterday and Today A Century of Change A Snapshot of the Present Looking Forward Chapter 3 Becoming Women and Men Sex Differences Gender Differences Gender Identity Nature and Nurture Gender Role Solialization Limitations of Gender Stereotypes and Roles Influencing Gender Stereotypes and Roles Chapter 4 Making Employment Decisions Decisions by Individuals Decisions by Organizations Improving Employment Decisions Chapter 5 Working in Teams Sex and Gender Differences in Mixed-Sex Terms Influence of Team Composition on Individual Members The Importance of Situational Factors Making Mixed-Sex Teams Work Chapter 6 Leading People Leader Stereotypes Attitudes Toward Women as Leaders Leader Behavior and Effectiveness Promoting Effective Leadership Chapter 7 Dealing With Sexuality in the Workplace Sexual Harassment Workplace Romances Addressing the Intersection of Sexuality and Work Chapter 8 Pursuing Careers What Makes a Career Successful? Sex Differences in Careers The Glass Ceiling The Intersection of Work and Family Facilitating Employees' Career Success Succeeding on Your Own Terms The Rest of the Story Chapter 9 Promoting Nondiscrimination, Diversity, and Inclusion Legal Requirements Business Imperatives Organizational Actions Conclusions Index About the Authors
Gender and Ethnicity in Juvenile Risk Assessment

Systematized risk assessment and management in juveniles is still in its infancy, and the bulk of the validation literature focuses on males as they account for a significant proportion of crime. In recent years there has been growing recognition that female arrest rates and convictions are steadily increasing and that there is a need to ensure that risk assessment tools that have been validated with males are appropriate for females, who may have different criminal trajectories. The applicability of violence risk assessment tools for ethnically diverse populations has not been extensively examined, but the limited literature suggests that there may be differences in scores for risk and protective factors across ethnic groups. To address this subject, a review of the literature on the predictive validity of current juvenile risk assessment tools was performed. This summary produced equivocal findings and a requirement for further investigation comprising cohorts with greater diversity.
Exploring space syntax on entrepreneurial opportunities with Wi-Fi analytics

Industrial events and exhibitions play a powerful role in creating social relations amongst individuals and firms, enabling them to expand their social network so to acquire resources. However, often these events impose a spatial structure which impacts encounter opportunities. In this paper, we study the impact that the spatial configuration has on the formation of network relations. We designed, developed and deployed a Wi-Fi analytics solution comprising of wearable Wi-Fi badges and gateways in a large scale industrial exhibition event to study the spatio-temporal trajectories of the 2.5K+ attendees including two special groups: 34 investors and 27 entrepreneurs. Our results suggest that certain zones with designated functionalities play a key role in forming social ties across attendees and the different behavioural properties of investors and entrepreneurs can be explained through a spatial lens. Based on our findings we offer three concrete recommendations for future organisers of networking events.
Perceptions of promotion fairness and promotion candidates' qualifications.

A sample of 336 undergraduate students (168 women and 168 men) read summaries of fictitious court cases prompted by 1 of 4 possible promotion decisions in 1 of 3 different jobs or occupations. Subjects assessed the fairness of the promotion decision and the qualifications of the promoted and nonpromoted employees. Women and men perceived promotion of a member of the opposite sex instead of a member of their own sex as significantly less fair than any of the other 3 possible promotion decisions (opposite sex instead of opposite sex, same sex instead of same sex, or same sex instead of opposite sex). Perceptions of promotion candidates' qualifications, however, were not influenced by sex, job sex type (masculine vs. sex neutral), or promotion decision or by any interactions of these variables
Local-Scale Patterns of Genetic Variability, Outcrossing, and Spatial Structure in Natural Stands of Arabidopsis thaliana

As Arabidopsis thaliana is increasingly employed in evolutionary and ecological studies, it is essential to understand patterns of natural genetic variation and the forces that shape them. Previous work focusing mostly on global and regional scales has demonstrated the importance of historical events such as long-distance migration and colonization. Far less is known about the role of contemporary factors or environmental heterogeneity in generating diversity patterns at local scales. We sampled 1,005 individuals from 77 closely spaced stands in diverse settings around Tübingen, Germany. A set of 436 SNP markers was used to characterize genome-wide patterns of relatedness and recombination. Neighboring genotypes often shared mosaic blocks of alternating marker identity and divergence. We detected recent outcrossing as well as stretches of residual heterozygosity in largely homozygous recombinants. As has been observed for several other selfing species, there was considerable heterogeneity among sites in diversity and outcrossing, with rural stands exhibiting greater diversity and heterozygosity than urban stands. Fine-scale spatial structure was evident as well. Within stands, spatial structure correlated negatively with observed heterozygosity, suggesting that the high homozygosity of natural A. thaliana may be partially attributable to nearest-neighbor mating of related individuals. The large number of markers and extensive local sampling employed here afforded unusual power to characterize local genetic patterns. Contemporary processes such as ongoing outcrossing play an important role in determining distribution of genetic diversity at this scale. Local “outcrossing hotspots” appear to reshuffle genetic information at surprising rates, while other stands contribute comparatively little. Our findings have important implications for sampling and interpreting diversity among A. thaliana accessions.
Some Complexities in the Effects of Diversity Experiences on Orientation toward Social/Political Activism and Political Views in the First Year of College

This study analyzed longitudinal data from 19 institutions to determine if the net effects of diversity experiences on orientation toward social/political activism and political views are discernible as early as the fi rst year of postsecondary education. Statistically controlling for other infl uences, including precollege measures of each outcome, we found that interactional diversity positively infl uenced both social/political activism and liberal political views, and that classroom diversity had a small positive infl uence on social/political activism. More importantly, however, we also found that the magnitude of the effects of both interactional and classroom diversity is substantially determined by individual student precollege characteristics.
Efficient multiclass maximum margin clustering

This paper presents a cutting plane algorithm for multiclass maximum margin clustering (MMC). The proposed algorithm constructs a nested sequence of successively tighter relaxations of the original MMC problem, and each optimization problem in this sequence could be efficiently solved using the constrained concave-convex procedure (CCCP). Experimental evaluations on several real world datasets show that our algorithm converges much faster than existing MMC methods with guaranteed accuracy, and can thus handle much larger datasets efficiently.
Validation of the Use of the Effort-Reward Imbalance Scale in Human Services Using Confirmatory Factor Analysis

The effort-reward imbalance (ERI) model and scale are well-established in the human services literature as useful and valid mechanisms for studying the mismatch between employees’ perceptions of the amount of effort expended on work tasks and the rewards received for those efforts. In the almost 20 years since its introduction, the ERI scale structure has been analyzed by a number of researchers from inside and outside the human service fields, with those analyses contributing to the theoretical and practical evolution of the ERI model and scale. However, the collective results also have substantial differences that remain unresolved. This study aims to determine the first steps in finding a resolution for the practical differences between existing factor analyses and the resulting theoretical implications for human services literature and practice. This study identifies an existing factor structure that offers the best fit to the data with the addition of a second-order factor. Model results and implications for theory and future research are discussed.
Animal Expertise: Evidence of Phase Transitions by Utilizing Running Estimates of Performance Variability

Animal behavioral flexibility is facilitated by the ability of animals to acquire expertise. For motor skills, expertise development is obvious; however, for perceptual and cognitive skills it is hidden from view. The study of covert skills in people is facilitated by the ability of people to verbally report what they are doing. Verbal reports are not an option when studying other animals. Nevertheless, systemic changes may be detectable by changes in performance variability. An increase in performance variability occurs during a period of self-reported skill phase transition in people in which more than 1 strategy is used in an intermixed fashion. For 2 perceptual categorization tasks in dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), 1 visual and 1 olfactory, running measures of performance variability reveal an increase in performance variability during training similar to the one seen during reported phase transitions in people. The use of running estimates of performance variability may be a new tool for detecting the occurrence of phase transitions in skill in nonlanguage users.
Telemedicine Consultations and Medication Errors in Rural Emergency Departments

OBJECTIVE: To compare the frequency of physician-related medication errors among seriously ill and injured children receiving telemedicine consultations, similar children receiving telephone consultations, and similar children receiving no consultations in rural emergency departments (EDs). METHODS: We conducted retrospective chart reviews on seriously ill and injured children presenting to 8 rural EDs with access to pediatric critical care physicians from an academic children’s hospital. Physician-related ED medication errors were independently identified by 2 pediatric pharmacists by using a previously published instrument. The unit of analysis was medication administered. The association of telemedicine consultations with ED medication errors was modeled by using hierarchical logistic regression adjusting for covariates (age, risk of admission, year of consultation, and hospital) and clustering at the patient level. RESULTS: Among the 234 patients in the study, 73 received telemedicine consultations, 85 received telephone consultations, and 76 received no specialist consultations. Medications for patients who received telemedicine consultations had significantly fewer physician-related errors than medications for patients who received telephone consultations or no consultations (3.4% vs 10.8% and 12.5%, respectively; P < .05). In hierarchical logistic regression analysis, medications for patients who received telemedicine consultations had a lower odds of physician-related errors than medications for patients who received telephone consultations (odds ratio: 0.19, P < .05) or no consultations (odds ratio: 0.13, P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric critical care telemedicine consultations were associated with a significantly reduced risk of physician-related ED medication errors among seriously ill and injured children in rural EDs.