Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Tamoxifen on Premenopausal Breast Cancer Patients in Terms of Anxiety, Depression, Quality of Life and Sexual Satisfaction Premenapozal Meme Kanseri Hastasinda Tamoksifenin Anksiyete, Depresyon, Yaşam Kalitesi ve Cinsel Doyum Üzerine Etkisi

Objective: In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of tamoxifen on premenopausal breast cancer patients in terms of anxiety, depression, quality of life (QoL) and sexual satisfaction. Methods: Sixty-seven premenopausal patient with breast cancer using adjuvant tamoxifen were participated in the study and the data were collected by using a series of forms that completed during face-to-face interviews. The form that consists of socio-demographic characteristics of the pateints, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Golombok-Rust Inventory of Sexual Satisfaction (GRISS) and European Organization for Research on Treatment of Cancer Questionnaires Quality of Life-C30 (EORTC-QoL-C30) were applied to the participants. Results: We determined that 46.26% of the patients had depression and 40.29% had high anxiety levels. Physical, role, cognitive, emotional and social functioning and global QoL subscores were also found to be low in patients whose anxiety levels were high. In patients whose depression scores were high, all the functioning scales, except physical functioning scale and global QoL subscores of EORTC-QLQ-C30 were found statistically significantly low. All the GRISS subscores were higher in the patients whose anxiety levels were high. However, statistical significance was observed only in the communication, satisfaction, touch and anorgasmi subscores. All the GRISS subscores were higher in the patients who had high depression level. But the statistical significance was found only in communication, satisfaction, touch and anorgasmi subscores. Conclusion: Breast cancer and its long-term adjuvant treatments affect not only the patients’ clinical status but also their psychosocial and psychosexual aspects. Therefore, being aware of these aspects and management of them may increase the quality of life of breast cancer patients.
Common Sense in the Sociology of Law

Sellin, T. and M. Wolfgang 1964 The Measurement of Delinquency. New York: Wiley. Sherman, L. 1978 Review of The Behavior of Law. Contemporary Sociology 7:11-5. U.S. Bureau of the Census 1975 National Crime Survey: National Sample Survey Documentation. U. S. Department of Commerce. Velez-Diaz, A. and E. Magargee 1971 "An investigation of differences in value judgments between youthful offenders and nonoffenders in Puerto Rico. " Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology, and Police Science 61:549-53.
Nickel release from stainless steels

In 1994, a study of nickel release and allergic contact dermatitis from nickel‐plated metals and stainless steels was published in this journal. It was shown that low‐sulfur stainless steel grades like AISI 304, 316L or 430 (S≤0.007%) release less than 0.03 μg/cm2/week of nickel in acid artificial sweat and elicit no reactions in patients already sensitized to nickel. In contrast, nickel‐plated samples release around 100/μg/cm2week of Ni and high‐sulfur stainless steel (AISI 303 ‐ S =0.3%) releases about 1.5 μug/cm2/week in this acid artificial sweat. Applied on patients sensitized to nickel, these metals elicit positive reactions in 96% and 14%, respectively, of the patients. The main conclusion was that low‐sulfur stainless sleets like AISI 304, 316L or 430, even when containing Ni, should not elicit nickel contact dermatitis, while metals having a mean corrosion resistance like a high‐sulfur stainless steel (AISI 303) or nickel‐plated steel should be avoided. The determining characteristic was in fact the corrosion resistance in chloride media, which, for stainless steels, is connected, among other factors, to the sulfur content. Thus, a question remained concerning the grades with an intermediate sulfur content, around 0.03%, which were not studied. They are the object of the study presented in this paper, 3 tests were performed: leaching experiments, dimethylglyoxime and HNO3 spot tests, and clinical patch tests: however, only stainless steels were tested: a low‐sulfur AISI 304 and AISI 303 as references and 3 grades with a sulfur content around 0.03%: AISI 304L, AISI 304L added with Ca. AISI 304L + Cu. Leaching experiments showed that the 4 non‐resulfurised grades released less than 0.5 μg/cm2/week in acid sweat while the reulfurized AISI 303 released around or more than 0.5 μug/cm2/week. This is explained by the poorer corrosion resistance of the resulfurized grade. Yet all these grades had the same reaction to the DMG test (negative result), which shows again its lack of sensitivity. In contrast, the HNO3 spot test distinguished AISI 303 from the non‐resulfurized grades. Clinical patch tests again showed that some patients (4%) were intolerant to AISI 303, while none were intolerant to the other grades. Thus, this study confirms that non‐resulfurized stainless steels (S≤0.03%) like Ni‐containing 304 and 3D4L should not elicit Ni contact dermatitis, while the resulfurized grades (5 > 0.1%) should be avoided.
Positron emission tomography imaging and clinical progression in relation to molecular pathology in the first Pittsburgh Compound B positron emission tomography patient with Alzheimer’s disease

The accumulation of β-amyloid in the brain is an early event in Alzheimer’s disease. This study presents the first patient with Alzheimer’s disease who underwent positron emission tomography imaging with the amyloid tracer, Pittsburgh Compound B to visualize fibrillar β-amyloid in the brain. Here we relate the clinical progression, amyloid and functional brain positron emission tomography imaging with molecular neuropathological alterations at autopsy to gain new insight into the relationship between β-amyloid accumulation, inflammatory processes and the cholinergic neurotransmitter system in Alzheimer’s disease brain. The patient underwent positron emission tomography studies with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose three times (at ages 53, 56 and 58 years) and twice with Pittsburgh Compound B (at ages 56 and 58 years), prior to death at 61 years of age. The patient showed a pronounced decline in cerebral glucose metabolism and cognition during disease progression, while Pittsburgh Compound B retention remained high and stable at follow-up. Neuropathological examination of the brain at autopsy confirmed the clinical diagnosis of pure Alzheimer’s disease. A comprehensive neuropathological investigation was performed in nine brain regions to measure the regional distribution of β-amyloid, neurofibrillary tangles and the levels of binding of 3H-nicotine and 125I-α-bungarotoxin to neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes, 3H-L-deprenyl to activated astrocytes and 3H-PK11195 to microglia, as well as butyrylcholinesterase activity. Regional in vivo 11C-Pittsburgh Compound B-positron emission tomography retention positively correlated with 3H-Pittsburgh Compound B binding, total insoluble β-amyloid, and β-amyloid plaque distribution, but not with the number of neurofibrillary tangles measured at autopsy. There was a negative correlation between regional fibrillar β-amyloid and levels of 3H-nicotine binding. In addition, a positive correlation was found between regional 11C-Pittsburgh Compound B positron emission tomography retention and 3H-Pittsburgh Compound B binding with the number of glial fibrillary acidic protein immunoreactive cells, but not with 3H-L-deprenyl and 3H-PK-11195 binding. In summary, high 11C-Pittsburgh Compound B positron emission tomography retention significantly correlates with both fibrillar β-amyloid and losses of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes at autopsy, suggesting a closer involvement of β-amyloid pathology with neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtypes than with inflammatory processes.
How to Study Wireless Mesh Networks: A hybrid Testbed Approach

Simulation is the most famous way to study wireless an mobile networks since they offer a convenient combination of flexibility and controllability. However, their largest disadvantage is that the gained results are difficult to transfer into reality since not only the abstraction of the upper network layer are typically high, but also the environment of mobile and wireless networks is very complex. This is due to two reasons. First there are typically many simplifications in the models of the upper networking layers, and second the environment of mobile and wireless networks is in particular complicated and thus difficult to be considered in all details. In this paper we introduce UMIC-mesh, a hybrid testbed approach, that consists of real mesh nodes and a virtualization environment. On the one hand the virtualization allows the development and testing of software as if it was executed on real mesh routers, but in a more repeatable and controllable way. On the other hand the results and conclusions gained by a software evaluation in the testbed can be easily transferred into reality, since the testbed represents a high degree of realism.
Eddy Current Modeling in Composite Materials

The production of carbon fiber reinforced polymers, which are widely used both in civil and military applications, is an elaborate process un-free from faults and problems. Problems during the manufacturing, such as plies’ overlapping, can cause flaws in the resulting material, this way compromising its integrity. Compared with metallic materials, carbon epoxy composites show a number of advantages: Higher tensile strength, lower density and coefficient of thermal expansion, absence of fatigue state related phenomena, possible manufacturing of large layered structures. Within this framework, this work aims to propose a design of ferrite core probe for eddy current non destructive evaluation, in order to investigate the presence of defects in carbon fiber epoxy composite materials. The effect of the ferrite core is analyzed in order to focus magnetic flux density on the investigated specimen. Eddy currents generated by high speed ferrite core probe movement were investigated by using numerical simulation. Particularly, a Finite Element Approach has been exploited in order to characterize the transducer to specially emphasize the presence of defects in a multi-layer carbon fiber epoxy structure.
A learning collaboration between Engineering and Journalism undergraduate students prompts interdisciplinary behaviour

Final-year university engineering and journalism undergraduate students collaborate in a multimedia design and communication project to test the hypothesis that design and communication emphasis by engineering students can be enhanced by interdisciplinary collaboration with media-equipped journalism students. Research was conducted by environmental manipulation, observation, administration of a survey, and qualitative and quantitative analysis of media products. Participants reported increased media communication skills, an awareness of the necessity of communicating with other disciplines, and some change in their intended strategies for future projects. Evaluative instruments recorded a high level of student satisfaction with the collaboration. Evidence was obtained of a close relationship between engineering education and journalism education, leading to a level of interdisciplinarity among student participants.
Restructuring for Innovation: The Remaking of the U.S. Semiconductor Industry.

Once the dominant force in the world semiconductor industry, the United States rapidly lost market share to Japan during the 1980s. Over the last few years, however, such U.S. firms as Intel, Motorola, and Texas Instruments have led the way in a dramatic reversal of the trend. In this fascinating and insightful volume, David P. Angel offers the first examination of how the United States was able to respond successfully to the challenge of global competition by initiating what can be seen as nothing less than a complete restructuring of the semiconductor industry.
Post-translational intracellular trafficking determines the type of immune response elicited by DNA vaccines expressing Gag antigen of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1)

In the current study, immune responses induced by Gag DNA vaccines with different designs were evaluated in Balb/C mice. The results demonstrated that the DNA vaccine with the full length wild type gag gene (Wt-Gag) mainly produced Gag antigens intracellularly and induced a higher level of cell-mediated immune (CMI) responses, as measured by IFN-gamma ELISPOT, intracellular cytokine staining (ICS), and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) assays against a dominant CD8+ T cell epitope (AMQMLKETI). In contrast, the addition of a tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) leader sequence significantly improved overall Gag protein expression/secretion and Gag-specific antibody responses; however, Gag-specific CMI responses were decreased. The mutation of zinc-finger motif changed Gag protein expression patterns and reduced the ability to generate both CMI and antibody responses against Gag. These findings indicate that the structure and post-translational processing of antigens expressed by DNA vaccines play a critical role in eliciting optimal antibody or CMI responses.
Mastery, submission, and subversion: On the performative construction of strategist identity

While research on strategy-making has begun to focus attention on identity construction, we nevertheless lack a critical understanding of the ways in which socio-historical understandings of strategy are (re)constructed at the level of identity. In this article, we draw on Judith Butler’s theorizing on performative subject formation—first to explore identity constructions grounded in the simultaneity of submitting to and mastering the socio-historical discourses of strategy and second to consider the subversion of discourses and identities enabled by this simultaneity. We distinguish between three performative identity constructions and demonstrate that by submitting to specific understandings of strategy discourses such as the illusion of control (the analytical strategist), omnipotence (the strategic leader), and personal glory (the state-of-the-art strategist), managers face the unattainability of these projects, which drives them to increase their mastery of the dominant discourses in order to win acceptance from others. Highlighting the dynamics of identity construction in strategy-making, we argue that subversion of the dominant discourses and identities is at best subtle. This enables us to better comprehend the persistence of dominant conceptions and related problems in strategy-making such as the overemphasis on technical rationality, anxiety in the face of uncertainty, heightened expectations of heroism, and the inability to engage in genuine dialogue with others and to consider broader social and societal issues as part of strategy-making.
Goals Can Be Threatened to Extinction

Consensus is building that stereotype threat interferes with working memory, but how so? Grounded in the dual-process framework of Kane and Engle, the authors examined the extent to which stereotype threat interferes with one’s ability to maintain task goals in working memory and one’s ability to choose between conflicting responses. One hundred eighty-seven Montana State University (MSU) men were first given the Operation Span task (OSPAN) to assess working memory capacity, then engaged in the Stroop task under mostly incongruent or mostly congruent conditions. The Stroop task was presented as a measure of verbal processing skills (stereotype threat condition) or not (control condition). Stroop errors and reaction times were assessed. Results suggest that for people lower in working memory capacity, stereotype threat primarily interferes with internally maintaining task goals across trials. Implications for such stereotype threat-based distraction effects on performance in educational and workplace environments are discussed.
Digital talking books on a PC: a usability evaluation of the prototype DAISY playback software

his paper describes the design and evaluation of the first system to play digital talking books on a PC: the DAISY Playback Software. The features of the software for navigating through structured digital audio are described. A detailed usability evaluation of this prototype software was designed and conducted to assess its current usability, in which 13 blind/partially sighted participants completed a series of realistic tasks and answered detailed usability questions on the system. Recommendations for improvements are presented which might inform designers of similar systems, such as other digital talking book systems or WWW browsers.
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness in women with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease related to wood smoke

Purpose Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) related to wood smoke exposure is characterized by important inflammation of the central and peripheral airways without significant emphysema. The objective of this study is to describe the bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) level in women with COPD related to wood smoke exposure and to compare it with the BHR in women with COPD related to tobacco smoking. Materials and methods Two groups of women with stable COPD were studied: (1) wood smoke exposed (WS-COPD); and (2) tobacco smoke exposed (TS-COPD). A methacholine challenge test (MCT) was performed in all patients according to American Thoracic Society criteria. BHR levels were compared using the methacholine concentration, which caused a 20% fall in the FEV1 (PC20). Results Thirty-one patients, 19 with WS-COPD and 12 with TS-COPD, were included. There were no significant differences between the groups in baseline FVC, FEV1, IC, FEF25–75, and FEF25–75/FVC. All 31 patients had a positive MCT (PC20 < 16 mg/mL) and the fall in the FEV1 and IC was similar in both groups. The severity of BHR was significantly higher in the WS-COPD patients (PC20: 0.39 mg/mL) than in the TS-COPD patients (PC20: 1.24 mg/mL) (P = 0.028). The presence of cough, phlegm, and dyspnea during the test were similar in both groups. Conclusion We found moderate to severe BHR in women with WS-COPD, which was more severe than in the TS-COPD women with similar age and airflow obstruction. This paper suggests that the structural and inflammatory changes induced by the chronic exposure to wood smoke, described in other studies, can explain the differences with TS-COPD patients. Future studies may clarify our understanding of the impact of BHR on COPD physiopathology, phenotypes, and treatment strategies.
Virtue, Situationism, and the Cognitive Value of Art

Virtue-based moral cognitivism holds that at least some of the value of some art consists in conveying knowledge about the nature of virtue and vice. We explore here a challenge to this view, which extends the so-called situationist challenge to virtue ethics. Evidence from social psychology indicates that individuals’ behavior is often susceptible to trivial and normatively irrelevant situational influences. This evidence not only challenges approaches to ethics that emphasize the role of virtue but also undermines versions of moral cognitivism, because the value of art cannot consist in teaching us about traits that do not exist. We thus recommend a new account of the cognitive value of art: art teaches how context and character interact to produce action.
ADL 8‐2698, a trans‐3,4‐dimethyl‐4‐ (3‐hydroxyphenyl) piperidine, prevents gastrointestinal effects of intravenous morphine without affecting analgesia

ADL‐8–2698 is a novel peripherally restricted opioid antagonist that may selectively prevent opioid‐induced gastrointestinal effects without reversing analgesia. Gastrointestinal transit time (lactulose hydrogen breath test) was measured in 14 volunteers with oral and intravenous placebo, oral placebo and intravenous morphine (0.05 mg · kg−1), and oral ADL 8–2698 (4 mg) and intravenous morphine (0.05 mg · kg−1) in a double blind, cross‐over study. Morphine prolonged gastrointestinal transit time from 69 to 103 minutes (P = .005); this was prevented by ADL 8–2698 (P = .004). Postoperatively, 45 patients were randomly assigned in a double‐blind fashion to receive ADL 8–2698 (4 mg) or placebo and intravenous morphine (0.15 mg/kg) or to receive oral and intravenous placebo. Analgesia and pupil constriction were measured. Morphine analgesia and pupil constriction were unaffected by ADL 8–2698 and differed from placebo (P < .002). We conclude that ADL 8–2698 prevents morphine‐induced increases in gastrointestinal transit time by means of selective peripheral opioid antagonism without affecting central opioid analgesia.
Additional Evidence of Convergent Validity between SRSS-IE and SSiS-PSG Scores

We report findings of a validity study comparing two screening tools: the Student Risk Screening Scale–Internalizing and Externalizing (SRSS-IE) and the Social Skills Improvement System–Performance Screening Guide (SSiS-PSG; Elliott & Gresham, 2007). Participants were 1,680 kindergarten through sixth-grade elementary students from three schools in a northeastern state. Correlation coefficients indicated statistically significant, inverse relationships between SRSS-IE scores and Prosocial Behavior, Motivation to Learn, Reading Skills, and Math Skills subscale scores of the SSiS-PSG. Test–retest stability analyses suggested SRSS-IE and SSiS-PSG scores were stable between fall and spring administrations (p < .0001). Educational implications, limitations, and future directions are offered.
Corrupting Learning: Evidence from Missing Federal Education Funds in Brazil

This paper examines if money matters in education by looking at whether missing resources due to corruption affect student outcomes. We use data from the auditing of Brazil's local governments to construct objective measures of corruption involving educational block grants transferred from the central government to municipalities. Using variation in the incidence of corruption across municipalities and controlling for student, school, and municipal characteristics, we find a significant negative association between corruption and the school performance of primary school students. Students residing in municipalities where corruption in education was detected score 0.35 standard deviations less on standardized tests, and have significantly higher dropout and failure rates. Using a rich dataset of school infrastructure and teacher and principal questionnaires, we also find that school inputs such as computer labs, teaching supplies, and teacher training are reduced in the presence of corruption. Overall, our findings suggest that in environments where basic schooling resources are lacking, money does matter for student achievement.
Integrative and Translational Physiology : Integrative Aspects of Energy Homeostasis and Metabolic Diseases Alterations in sleep architecture in response to experimental sleep curtailment are associated with signs of positive energy balance

Ari Shechter, Majella O’Keeffe, Amy L. Roberts, Gary K. Zammit, Arindam RoyChoudhury, and Marie-Pierre St-Onge New York Obesity Nutrition Research Center, St. Luke’s-Roosevelt Hospital, New York, New York; Clinilabs, and Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, New York; Department of Biostatistics, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York