Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence of Carcinoma of the Major Salivary Glands According to the WHO Classification, 1992 to 2006: A Population-Based Study in the United States

Background: Carcinomas of the major salivary glands (M-SGC) comprise a morphologically diverse group of rare tumors of largely unknown cause. To gain insight into etiology, we evaluated incidence of M-SGC using the WHO classification schema (WHO-2005). Methods: We calculated age-adjusted incidence rates (IR) and IR ratios (IRR) for M-SGC diagnosed between 1992 and 2006 in the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program. Results: Overall, 6,391 M-SGC (IR, 11.95/1,000,000 person-years) were diagnosed during 1992 to 2006. Nearly 85% of cases (n = 5,370; IR, 10.00) were encompassed within WHO-2005, and among these, males had higher IRs than females [IRR, 1.51; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.43-1.60]. Squamous cell (IR, 3.44) and mucoepidermoid (IR, 3.23) carcinomas occurred most frequently among males, whereas mucoepidermoid (IR, 2.67), acinic cell (IR, 1.57), and adenoid cystic (IR, 1.40) carcinomas were most common among females. Mucoepidermoid, acinic cell, and adenoid cystic carcinomas predominated in females through age ∼50 years; thereafter, IRs of acinic cell and adenoid cystic carcinomas were nearly equal among females and males, whereas IRs of mucoepidermoid carcinoma among males exceeded IRs among females (IRR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.38-1.78). Except for mucoepidermoid and adenoid cystic carcinomas, which occurred equally among all races, other subtypes had significantly lower incidence among Blacks and Asians/Pacific Islanders than among Whites. Adenoid cystic carcinoma occurred equally in the submandibular and parotid glands, and other M-SGC histologic subtypes evaluated had 77% to 98% lower IRs in the submandibular gland. Overall M-SGC IRs remained stable during 1992 to 2006. Conclusion: Distinct incidence patterns according to histologic subtype suggest that M-SGC are a diverse group of neoplasms characterized by etiologic and/or biological heterogeneity with varying susceptibility by gender and race. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(11):2899–906)
Fighting Misconceptions to Improve Compliance with Influenza Vaccination among Health Care Workers: An Educational Project

The compliance with influenza vaccination is poor among health care workers (HCWs) due to misconceptions about safety and effectiveness of influenza vaccine. We proposed an educational prospective study to demonstrate to HCWs that influenza vaccine is safe and that other respiratory viruses (RV) are the cause of respiratory symptoms in the months following influenza vaccination. 398 HCWs were surveyed for adverse events (AE) occurring within 48 h of vaccination. AE were reported by 30% of the HCWs. No severe AE was observed. A subset of 337 HCWs was followed up during four months, twice a week, for the detection of respiratory symptoms. RV was diagnosed by direct immunofluorescent assay (DFA) and real time PCR in symptomatic HCWs. Influenza A was detected in five episodes of respiratory symptoms (5.3%) and other RV in 26 (27.9%) episodes. The incidence density of influenza and other RV was 4.3 and 10.8 episodes per 100 HCW-month, respectively. The educational nature of the present study may persuade HCWs to develop a more positive attitude to influenza vaccination.
Effects of artemisinin and its derivatives on growth inhibition and apoptosis of oral cancer cells

Artemisinin is of special biological interest because of its outstanding antimalarial activity. Recently, it was reported that artemisinin has antitumor activity. Its derivatives, artesunate, arteether, and artemeter, also have antitumor activity against melanoma, breast, ovarian, prostate, CNS, and renal cancer cell lines. Recently, monomer, dimer, and trimer derivatives were synthesized from deoxoartemisinin, and the dimers and the trimers were found to have much more potent antitumor activity than the monomers.
Information, complexity and entropy: a new approach to theory and measurement methods

In this paper, we present some results on information, complexity and entropy as defined below and we discuss their relations with the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy which is the most important invariant of a dynamical system. These results have the following features and motivations: -we give a new computable definition of information and complexity which allows to give a computable characterization of the K-S entropy; -these definitions make sense even for a single orbit and can be measured by suitable data compression algorithms; hence they can be used in simulations and in the analysis of experimental data; -the asymptotic behavior of these quantities allows to compute not only the Kolmogorov-Sinai entropy but also other quantities which give a measure of the chaotic behavior of a dynamical system even in the case of null entropy.
A Multi-partitioning Approach to Building Fast and Accurate Counting Bloom Filters

Bloom filters are space-efficient data structures for fast set membership queries. Counting Bloom Filters (CBFs) extend Bloom filters by allowing insertions and deletions to support dynamic sets. The performance of CBFs is critical for various applications and systems. This paper presents a novel approach to building a fast and accurate data structure called Multiple-Partitioned Counting Bloom Filter (MPCBF) that addresses large-scale data processing challenges. MPCBF is based on two ideas: reducing the number of memory accesses from k (for k hash functions) in the standard CBF to only one memory access in the basic MPCBF-1 case, and a hierarchical structure to improve the false positive rate. We also generalize MPCBF-1 to MPCBF-g to accommodate up to g memory accesses. Our simulation and implementation in MapReduce show that MPCBF outperforms the standard CBF in terms of speed and accuracy. Compared to CBF, at the same memory consumption, MPCBF significantly reduces the false positive rate by an order of magnitude, with a reduction of processing overhead by up to 85.9%.
Finite-Frequency Model Reduction of Two-Dimensional Digital Filters

This technical note is concerned with the model reduction problem of two-dimensional (2-D) digital filters over finite-frequency ranges. The 2-D digital filter is described by the Fornasini-Marchesini local state-space (FM LSS) model. With the aid of the generalized Kalman-Yakubovich-Popov (GKYP) lemma for 2-D systems, sufficient conditions for the finite-frequency model reduction problem are derived. Compared with full-frequency methods, the proposed finite-frequency method can get a better approximation performance over finite-frequency ranges. An example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Attitude of farmers towards Pangas farming for their livelihood improvement

The present study was conducted in the selected Malotipur village of Muktagachha upazila under Mymensingh district during 13 to 28 April, 2014. The sample size of the study was 90 fish farmers (43 percent of population) and it was drown from a population of 209 using simple random sampling technique. Eight (8) selected characteristics of farmers viz.: age, level of education, family size, farm size, annual income, credit received, training experience and cosmopoliteness were considered as the independent variables, while the attitude of the farmers towards Pangas farming was the dependent variable of the study. The focus variable i.e. attitude of farmers towards Pangas farming was measured with a 5 point likert scale such as ‘strongly agree’, ‘agree’, ‘undecided’, ‘disagree’ and ‘strongly disagree’ in Pangas farming and the corresponding scores were 5, 4, 3, 2 and 1 respectively. The findings indicated that the majority (50 percent) of the Pangas farmers had moderately favorable attitude towards Pangas farming compared to 31.1 percent having highly favorable and only 18.9 percent had slightly favorable attitude. The finding on problem faced by the farmers related to Pangas farming revealed that about two-third (65.6 percent) of the farmers had high problem followed by 20 percent low problems. Among eight selected characteristics of Pangas farmers five characteristics such as age, level of education; annual income, training experience and cosmopoliteness had significant positive relationships with their attitude towards Pangas farming. On the other hand, the other two characteristics of pangas farmers such as family size and farm size had positive but no significant relationships with their attitude towards Pangas farming. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2017, 2 (1), 106-119
Health aspects of recycling animal wastes by feeding.

Approximately 1.6 billion tons of animal wastes are produced annually in the US. Since a large portion of the wastes is from animals managed under intensive systems, the wastes must be handled in a manner which will cause minimum risk to human health and comfort. The wastes possess substantial nutritional value. Satisfactory performance was obtained when these were fed to farm animals and the taste of meat, milk and eggs has not been adversely affected. Recycling by feeding the wastes is not sanctioned by F.D. A. due to potential hazards from pathogens and drug residues. No indication has been obtained of harmful effects in humans consuming meat, milk and eggs from animals fed waste. The only documented evidence of deleterious effect on animal health from feeding animal wastes was copper toxicity in sheep fed broiler litter containing high levels of copper. This is not a serious problem with other farm animals since they are not as sensitive to high dietary copper.
In patients with a previous negative prostate biopsy and a suspicious lesion on magnetic resonance imaging, is a 12‐core biopsy still necessary in addition to a targeted biopsy?

To evaluate the performance of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) in predicting prostate cancer on repeat biopsy; and to compare the cancer detection rates (CDRs) of MRI/transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) fusion‐guided biopsy with standard 12‐core biopsy in men with at least one previous negative biopsy.
The absorption and retention of nitrogen from leaf protein by infants recovering from malnutrition

In underdeveloped countries no source of protein can be neglected that is likely to be useful as human food. Duckworth and his colleagues have shown that leaf protein (LP) prepared by the method of Morrison & Pirie (1961) has good nutritive value for chicks, rats and pigs (Duckworth & Woodham, 1961; Duckworth, Hepburn & Woodham, 1961). These results were encouraging enough to justify trials on human subjects. Balance studies were therefore made on Jamaican infants recovering from malnutrition. To give LP as the sole source of nitrogen would not be realistic; it is more likely to be useful as one component of a vegetable protein supplement. In Jamaica the most readily available sources of protein, apart from green leaves, are legumes and coconuts. As a first step, however, LP was given in combination with milk protein. Dietary histories and surveys show that many Jamaican infants aged about I year receive an amount of protein from milk which, though inadequate, is not negligible-of the order of 0-5 g/kg body-weight daily. The practical question therefore seemed to be: can leaf protein be used as a supplement to marginal quantities of milk? To answer it, mixtures were given providing daily 3-5 g protein/kg body-weight, in which one-half to twothirds of the nitrogen was derived from LP and the remainder from milk. Two kinds of control diet were needed: diets providing an equal intake of protein but derived entirely from milk; and diets providing a marginal intake of protein from milk, without supplementary leaf protein. As far as possible, each subject was used as his own control, but each kind of comparison could not be made with every patient. The results obtained with low protein intakes are also of some interest in relation to the problem of protein requirements. This point is considered in more detail on P. 537. The criterion used in this work was that of N balance. In recent years balance studies and their interpretation have been subjected to much criticism, and some people have maintained that the method is of little or no value (Gordon & Ganzon, 1959). Therefore it seemed necessary in the discussion to examine as closely as possible the validity of the conclusions drawn from these measurements.
Viscous potential flow analysis of Kelvin – Helmholtz instability in a channel

We study the stability of stratified gas–liquid flow in a horizontal rectangular channel using viscous potential flow. The analysis leads to an explicit dispersion relation in which the effects of surface tension and viscosity on the normal stress are not neglected but the effect of shear stresses is. Formulas for the growth rates, wave speeds and neutral stability curve are given in general and applied to experiments in air–water flows. The effects of surface tension are always important and determine the stability limits for the cases in which the volume fraction of gas is not too small. The stability criterion for viscous potential flow is expressed by a critical value of the relative velocity. The maximum critical value is when the viscosity ratio is equal to the density ratio; surprisingly the neutral curve for this viscous fluid is the same as the neutral curve for inviscid fluids. The maximum critical value of the velocity of all viscous fluids is given by that for inviscid fluid. For air at 20 ◦C and liquids with density ρ = 1 g cm−3 the liquid viscosity for the critical conditions is 15 cP: the critical velocity for liquids with viscosities larger than 15 cP is only slightly smaller but the critical velocity for liquids with viscosities smaller than 15 cP, like water, can be much lower. The viscosity of the liquid has a strong effect on the growth rate. The viscous potential flow theory fits the experimental data for air and water well when the gas fraction is greater than about 70%.
Effects of power amplifier distortion and channel estimation errors on the performance of DVB-H system with multiple-antenna receiver

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) is extensively used in modern digital television terrestrial broadcasting (DTTB) systems, such as the OFDM based Digital Video Broadcasting for Handheld (DVB-H) system, to support high performance bandwidth-efficient multimedia services. As a special format of multiple input multiple output (MIMO), multiple-antenna diversity reception can be used to improve the signal quality of the multiple-antenna reception OFDM based DVB-H systems. The same as the single-in single-out (SISO) OFDM systems, the MIMO-OFDM systems are sensitive to the power amplifier distortion at the transmitter and the channel estimation errors at the receiver. The objective of this paper is to research and analyze the compositive effects of power amplifier distortion and channel estimation errors on the performance of the DVB-H system with multiple-antenna receiver under multipath fading channel. Both the nonlinearities and the memory effects are used to model the power amplifier behavior. A closed form of symbol error probability is derived for the DVB-H system with multiple-antenna receiver in the presence of power amplifier distortion and channel estimation errors under multipath fading channel. Theoretical results show closely matching with those obtained by simulations for the DVB-H system with multiple-antenna receiver in the presence of power amplifier distortion and channel estimation errors under multipath fading channel.
Three-Body Dynamics with Gravitational Wave Emission

We present numerical three-body experiments that include the effects of gravitational radiation reaction by using equations of motion that include the 2.5-order post-Newtonian force terms, which are the leading-order terms of energy loss from gravitational waves. We simulate binary-single interactions and show that close-approach cross sections for three 1 M☉ objects are unchanged from the purely Newtonian dynamics except for close approaches smaller than 10-5 times the initial semimajor axis of the binary. We also present cross sections for mergers resulting from gravitational radiation during three-body encounters for a range of binary semimajor axes and mass ratios including those of interest for intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs). Building on previous work, we simulate sequences of high-mass-ratio three-body encounters that include the effects of gravitational radiation. The simulations show that the binaries merge with extremely high eccentricity such that when the gravitational waves are detectable by LISA, most of the binaries will have eccentricities e > 0.9, although all will have circularized by the time they are detectable by LIGO. We also investigate the implications for the formation and growth of IMBHs and find that the inclusion of gravitational waves during the encounter results in roughly half as many black holes ejected from the host cluster for each black hole accreted onto the growing IMBH.
Surface waves of Min-proteins

In the bacterium Escherichia coli, the Min-proteins show pronounced pole-to-pole oscillations. They are functional for suppressing cell division at the cell ends, leaving the center as the only possible site for division. Analyzing different models of Min-protein dynamics in a bacterial geometry, we find waves on the cytoplasmic membrane. Interestingly, the surface wave solutions of different models belong to different symmetry classes. We suggest that experiments on Min-protein surface waves in vitro are helpful in distinguishing between different classes of models of Min-protein dynamics.
Second Order Nonlinearities of Some Classes of Cubic Boolean Functions Based on Secondary Constructions

The higher order nonlinearity of a Boolean function is a cryptographic criterion, which play a role against attacks on stream and block ciphers. Also it play a role in coding theory, since it is related to the covering radii of Reed-Muller codes. In this paper, we study the lower bounds of second-order nonlinearities of a class of cubic Boolean functions of the form with and ∈ ′ and some classes of cubic Boolean functions based on secondary construction. Whose lower bounds on second order nonlinearities improved upon previous existing general results.
Medulloblastoma comprises four distinct molecular variants.

PURPOSE Recent genomic approaches have suggested the existence of multiple distinct subtypes of medulloblastoma. We studied a large cohort of medulloblastomas to determine how many subgroups of the disease exist, how they differ, and the extent of overlap between subgroups. METHODS We determined gene expression profiles and DNA copy number aberrations for 103 primary medulloblastomas. Bioinformatic tools were used for class discovery of medulloblastoma subgroups based on the most informative genes in the data set. Immunohistochemistry for subgroup-specific signature genes was used to determine subgroup affiliation for 294 nonoverlapping medulloblastomas on two independent tissue microarrays. RESULTS Multiple unsupervised analyses of transcriptional profiles identified the following four distinct, nonoverlapping molecular variants: WNT, SHH, group C, and group D. Supervised analysis of these four subgroups revealed significant subgroup-specific demographics, histology, metastatic status, and DNA copy number aberrations. Immunohistochemistry for DKK1 (WNT), SFRP1 (SHH), NPR3 (group C), and KCNA1 (group D) could reliably and uniquely classify formalin-fixed medulloblastomas in approximately 98% of patients. Group C patients (NPR3-positive tumors) exhibited a significantly diminished progression-free and overall survival irrespective of their metastatic status. CONCLUSION Our integrative genomics approach to a large cohort of medulloblastomas has identified four disparate subgroups with distinct demographics, clinical presentation, transcriptional profiles, genetic abnormalities, and clinical outcome. Medulloblastomas can be reliably assigned to subgroups through immunohistochemistry, thereby making medulloblastoma subclassification widely available. Future research on medulloblastoma and the development of clinical trials should take into consideration these four distinct types of medulloblastoma.
The Interlanguage Speech Intelligibility Benefit as Bias Toward Native-Language Phonology

Two hypotheses have been advanced in the recent literature with respect to the so-called Interlanguage Speech Intelligibility Benefit (ISIB): a nonnative speaker will be better understood by a another nonnative listener than a native speaker of the target language will be (a) only when the nonnatives share the same native language (matched interlanguage) or (b) even when the nonnatives have different mother tongues (non-matched interlanguage). Based on a survey of published experimental materials, the present article will demonstrate that both the restricted (a) and the generalized (b) hypotheses are false when the ISIB effect is evaluated in terms of absolute intelligibility scores. We will then propose a simple way to compute a relative measure for the ISIB (R-ISIB), which we claim is a more insightful way of evaluating the interlanguage benefit, and test the hypotheses in relative (R-ISIB) terms on the same literature data. We then find that our R-ISIB measure only supports the more restricted hypothesis (a) while rejecting the more general hypothesis (b). This finding shows that the native language shared by the interactants biases the listener toward interpreting sounds in terms of the phonology of the shared mother tongue.
On mantle drag force for the formation of a next supercontinent as estimated from a numerical simulation model of global mantle convection

Three‐dimensional spherical mantle convection was simulated to predict future continental motion and investigate the driving force of continental motion. Results show that both the time required (≥300 Ma from the present) and the process for the next supercontinent formation are sensitive to the choice of critical rheological parameters for mantle dynamics, such as a viscosity contrast between the upper and lower mantles and a yield strength of the lithosphere. From all the numerical models studied herein, mantle drag force by horizontal mantle flow beneath the continents may mostly act as a resistance force for the continental motion in the process of forming a new supercontinent. The maximum absolute magnitude of the tensional and compressional stress acting at the base of the moving continents is in the order of 100 MPa, which is comparable to a typical value of the slab pull force.
An ICA based approach to hyperspectral image feature reduction

This article proposes a feature reduction technique for hyperspec-tral images using Independent Component Analysis (ICA). The proposed technique aims at extracting the best subset of class-informative independent components (ICs) for hyperspectral supervised classification. The selection of the most representative components is assured by the minimization of the reconstruction error, which is computed on the training samples used for the supervised classification. The searching strategy is optimized by exploiting a genetic algorithm-based approach where the fitness function is the classification accuracy obtained by using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. The obtained results show the effectiveness of the proposed approach in providing class-informative components to improve the classification accuracy.