Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Late Isolated Central Nervous System Relapse from Ovarian Serous Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review

Central nervous system involvement by ovarian serous adenocarcinoma is rare. We report a case of a 60-year-old woman that developed brain metastasis as isolated site of relapse 4.5 years after a complete resection and adjuvant chemotherapy for a stage Ic disease. She proceeded to a craniotomy with resection of the lesion and, subsequently, to a whole brain radiotherapy. Nineteen months later, she developed carcinomatous meningitis as isolated site of recurrence. Patient was submitted to intrathecal chemotherapy with methotrexate; however, she died from progressive neurologic involvement disease few weeks later.
Disability Studies/Not Disability Studies

The growing interest in and increased visibility of the field of Disability Studies raises questions about the field's logical borders and valid dimensions. This essay looks to guiding principles from the field itself as the basis for delineating a robust liberal arts-based inquiry into disability, distinct from traditional interventionist models. The former is described in this essay as Disability Studies, the latter endeavor, in substance the medicalized applied fields and special education, is identified here as the Not Disability Studies. The essay begins with an overview of the problems found in the academic curriculum with respect to the study of disability, and proceeds to describe how the proposed liberal arts-based Disability Studies can redress those problems.
Facebook discussion of a crisis : authority communication and its relationship to citizens

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the authority communication and its relationship to citizens during a disaster. This analysis is crucial for organisations to help them understand the different ways in which crises are perceived by citizens, and the reactions they may cause. The results will help authorities in planning their crisis communication. Design/methodology/approach Facebook comments written by authorities and citizens are studied and analysed in an exploratory case study related to the 2011 catastrophe in the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant via content analysis. Findings The analysis of Facebook comments revealed that authorities have to be prepared for communicating with citizens with diverging interests, who have different perceptions on a crisis and that relation is not the same with those different profiles of citizens. Research limitations/implications This case study only focusses on the Fukushima debate from the point of view of the authorities and citizens. Practical implications This study argues that it is crucial for both authorities and public relations practitioners to acknowledge that competing opinion holders are challenging each other and authority online, and that crisis communication should be planned accordingly. Originality/value The participant profiles can help organisations to clarify citizens’ crisis perceptions that can emerge in online discussions. Practitioners need to concentrate on determining how to get their voice heard so that there are perceived credible and legitimate actors.
COMPETITION'S EFFECT ON INVESTMENT IN DIGITAL INFRASTRUCTURE*

Competition has become a preferred means to promote investment in digital infrastructure. The U.S. Telecom Act, the WTO Reference Paper and EC Directives each adopt policies that encourage facilities-based entry into telecommunications markets to expand service coverage and to accelerate deployment of advanced technologies. Yet despite its popularity, empirical evidence that this policy stimulates infrastructure investment–either directly through entrants’ construction activity or indirectly through competitive pressures applied to incumbents–is lacking. This paper examines the effect of facilities-based competition on one specific type of digital infrastructure investment. A panel data set was collected on the deployment of digital fiber ring networks in largest U.S. cities over the 10-year period 1983-1992 by incumbent local exchange carriers (ILECs) and competitive local exchange carriers (CLECs). These networks provide highspeed access for large business customers. Controlling for state and federal regulation of rates and investment and for local economic conditions, standard exogeneity and causality tests reveal that CLEC entry leads to subsequent ILEC investment and that, with slightly less confidence, ILEC investment invites additional CLEC entry. The results suggest that incumbents and entrants match each others’ investments, and offer little evidence of preemptive behavior or strategic coordination. These findings recommend that policy makers intent on encouraging construction of the nextgeneration broadband network should eliminate artificial restrictions on facilities-based entry and ensure that their pricing of incumbent network services sold to entrants take account of the virtuous cycle of investment triggered by this entry. At the same time, the results argue for removing restrictions on incumbent investments, even those traditionally considered to be an effective means to deter competitive entry.
A new metric for predicting software change using gene expression programming

Software metrics help in determining the quality of a software product. They can be used for continuous inspection of a software to assist software developers in improving its quality. We can also use metrics to develop quality models which predict important quality attributes like change proneness. Determination of change prone classes in an Object-Oriented software will help software developers to focus their time and resources on the weak portions of the software. In this paper, we validate the Chidamber and Kemerer metric suite for building an efficient software quality model which predict change prone classes with the help of Gene Expression Programming. The model is developed using an open source software. We further propose a new metric which can be used for identifying change prone classes in the early phases of software development life cycle. The proposed metric is validated on another open source software and the results show that it can be effectively used by the software industry to classify change prone classes. Identification of change prone classes may help in efficient refactoring and rigorous testing of these classes in the forthcoming releases of the software product.
A new approach based on enhanced PSO with neighborhood search for data clustering

The well-known K-means algorithm has been successfully applied to many practical clustering problems, but it has some drawbacks such as local optimal convergence and sensitivity to initial points. Particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) is one of the swarm intelligent algorithms, it is applied in solving global optimization problems. An integration of enhanced PSO and K-means algorithm is becoming one of the popular strategies for solving clustering problems. In this study, an approach based on PSO and K-means is presented (denoted EPSO), in which PSO is enhanced by neighborhood search strategies. By hybrid with enhanced PSO, it does not only help the algorithm escape from local optima but also overcomes the shortcoming of the slow convergence speed of the PSO algorithm. Experimental results on eight benchmark data sets show that the proposed approach outperforms some other data clustering algorithms, and has an acceptable efficiency and robustness.
Analysis of validity and reliability of English formative tests

This study was conducted in order to analyze the English formative tests made by the English teacher of grade VIII of SMPN-4 Mentaya Hulu based on the characteristics of a good test. The indicators to be analyzed were validity and reliability of the test. The validity covered the content and construct validity. The writer applied descriptive method in conducting this study. The population and sample of this study was the English teacher-made tests for the grade VIII of SMPN-4 Mentaya Hulu in the first semester of academic year 2008/2009. The writer analyzed 2 English formative tests as the representative of all English formative tests in the first semester of academic year 2008/2009. Based on the result of the data analysis, the writer found that the English formative test conducted on October 2008 belongs to high validity in its content validity and excellent validity in its construct validity. The English formative test conducted on November 2008 belongs to low validity in its content validity and high validity in its construct validity. While the English formative test both conducted on October 2008 and November 2008 are unreliable.
Comparison of the Internal Dynamics of Metalloproteases Provides New Insights on Their Function and Evolution

Metalloproteases have evolved in a vast number of biological systems, being one of the most diverse types of proteases and presenting a wide range of folds and catalytic metal ions. Given the increasing understanding of protein internal dynamics and its role in enzyme function, we are interested in assessing how the structural heterogeneity of metalloproteases translates into their dynamics. Therefore, the dynamical profile of the clan MA type protein thermolysin, derived from an Elastic Network Model of protein structure, was evaluated against those obtained from a set of experimental structures and molecular dynamics simulation trajectories. A close correspondence was obtained between modes derived from the coarse-grained model and the subspace of functionally-relevant motions observed experimentally, the later being shown to be encoded in the internal dynamics of the protein. This prompted the use of dynamics-based comparison methods that employ such coarse-grained models in a representative set of clan members, allowing for its quantitative description in terms of structural and dynamical variability. Although members show structural similarity, they nonetheless present distinct dynamical profiles, with no apparent correlation between structural and dynamical relatedness. However, previously unnoticed dynamical similarity was found between the relevant members Carboxypeptidase Pfu, Leishmanolysin, and Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A, despite sharing no structural similarity. Inspection of the respective alignments shows that dynamical similarity has a functional basis, namely the need for maintaining proper intermolecular interactions with the respective substrates. These results suggest that distinct selective pressure mechanisms act on metalloproteases at structural and dynamical levels through the course of their evolution. This work shows how new insights on metalloprotease function and evolution can be assessed with comparison schemes that incorporate information on protein dynamics. The integration of these newly developed tools, if applied to other protein families, can lead to more accurate and descriptive protein classification systems.
A BRIEF OVERVIEW OF THE REGIME SHIFT DETECTION METHODS

The methods reviewed here are primarily those that are used in atmospheric and oce-anic (physical and biological) studies. These methods are divided into four groups, depending on the type of shifts they are designed to detect, and placed in Tables 1-4. The tables are self-explanatory and provide a brief description of each method, along with the basic references , as well as their strong and weak points. Shifts in the mean are the most common type of shifts considered in the literature, and as a result, Table 1 is the most populated. The definition of climatic regime shifts, for example , is often based on " differing average climatic levels over a multi-annual duration " (Overland et al., 2005). It is not surprising, therefore, that a major part of the research effort is directed at developing the methods for detecting shifts in the mean. Several approaches can be distinguished: 1. Parametric methods, such as the classical t-test. The methods require an assumption about the probability distribution of the data; 2. Non-parametric methods, such as the Mann–Whitney U-test, Wilcoxon rank sum, or Mann-Kendall test. No assumption about the probability distribution is required; 3. Curve-fitting methods; 4. Bayesian analysis and its variations, such as the Markov chain Monte Carlo method; 5. Regression-based methods; 6. Cumulative sum (CUSUM) methods; and 7. Sequential methods. There are much fewer methods capable of detecting regime shifts in the second-order statistics, such as the variance and power spectrum (Tables 2 and 3). A separate group of methods includes those multivariate methods that are designed to detect shifts in the entire structure of a complex system (Table 4). This is a fast-growing group of methods, and Table 4 will likely require an update soon.
Neural basis of the undermining effect of monetary reward on intrinsic motivation

Contrary to the widespread belief that people are positively motivated by reward incentives, some studies have shown that performance-based extrinsic reward can actually undermine a person's intrinsic motivation to engage in a task. This “undermining effect” has timely practical implications, given the burgeoning of performance-based incentive systems in contemporary society. It also presents a theoretical challenge for economic and reinforcement learning theories, which tend to assume that monetary incentives monotonically increase motivation. Despite the practical and theoretical importance of this provocative phenomenon, however, little is known about its neural basis. Herein we induced the behavioral undermining effect using a newly developed task, and we tracked its neural correlates using functional MRI. Our results show that performance-based monetary reward indeed undermines intrinsic motivation, as assessed by the number of voluntary engagements in the task. We found that activity in the anterior striatum and the prefrontal areas decreased along with this behavioral undermining effect. These findings suggest that the corticobasal ganglia valuation system underlies the undermining effect through the integration of extrinsic reward value and intrinsic task value.
Formal Approach for Generating Privacy Preserving User Requirements-Based Business Process Fragments

A business process fragment is a portion of a business process, more commonly designed for reuse purposes. Fragments are intended to be declared as safe from a privacy perspective, when manipulated in an open context. Privacy is related to the authority to have a view on some sensitive information. A business process privacy-preserving fragmentation is the task of decomposing business processes into significant fragments, which can be reused in the future in order to build new business processes while preserving the sensitive information from leakage. This paper presents a design-time two-phases approach to decomposing existing business processes into significant fragments while preserving the integrity of data items that navigate within the process. The first phase is based on the so-called Formal Concept Analysis (FCA) technique handling semantic activity clustering according to designers requirements, while dealing with the privacy constraints. The second phase manipulates clusters of activities and generates ready-for-reuse fragments. Some experiments that demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach are also provided.
Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer: What Can We Really Predict Today?

Managing pancreatic cancer remains a big challenge due to its worse course and prognosis. However, therapeutic options and multimodal strategies are increasing nowadays, including new agents, new regimens and chemoradiation. Recently, the FOLFIRTNOX regimen has been reported to be more active than gemcitabine in selected metastatic patients. In this setting, it will be of utmost interest to guide our therapeutic choice not only on clinical and pathological findings, but also on specific biomarkers that will predict tumor behavior and patient outcome (prognostic markers), and benefit from specific agents or regimens (predictive markers). In the near future, we will have to build both our therapeutic interventions and our clinical research based on an accurate patients' clinical selection and on biomolecular markers. In this review, we aimed to highlight and discuss some of the recent results reported on biomarkers in pancreatic cancer that may predict, i.e., preferential metastatic diffusion after surgery, like CXCR4, or predict gemcitabine efficacy in an adjuvant setting as well as in advanced disease, like hENT1. An important effort for translational research in pancreatic cancer research is thus required to validate such markers, while some important questions concerning tissue availability and processing, methodology of analysis, and design of future prospective trials, need to be addressed.
The Influence of Virtual Representatives on Recommender System Evaluation

Virtual representatives are increasingly used in recommender systems to guide users and add conversational aspects. However, the impacts of virtual representatives on users’ evaluations of the recommender system have not been investigated. This study specifically examined the influence of virtual representatives’ anthropomorphism cues on system users’ perceptions of system credibility and liking. The results revealed that system users’ perceptions of the virtual representative’s credibility have a significant influence on users’ perceived credibility and liking of the system. Also, the human-like appearance of a virtual representative significantly influences users’ perceived attractiveness of the virtual representative, while voice outputs from the representative were found to have a significant influence on users’ liking of the recommender system.
Technological, management, and persistent innovation in small and medium family firms: The influence of professionalism

We examine the effect of professional management on innovation in family-owned firms. Since professionalism is a critical but controversial issue that can influence the innovative capacity of family businesses, we aim to determine if professional management improves innovation outcomes from a comprehensive perspective. Using a sample of 583 Spanish family firms, we demonstrate that professionalism in management exerts a positive influence on innovation from both technological (product and process innovation) and management perspectives. We also find that firms managed by external professionals are willing to develop higher innovative activity and that professionalism contributes positively to persistent innovation. Copyright © 2016 ASAC. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CD8+ TIL Recruitment May Revert the Association of MAGE A3 with Aggressive Features in Thyroid Tumors

Background. We aimed to investigate a possible role of MAGE A3 and its associations with infiltrated immune cells in thyroid malignancy, analyzing their utility as a diagnostic and prognostic marker. Materials and Methods. We studied 195 malignant tissues: 154 PTCs and 41 FTCs; 102 benign tissues: 51 follicular adenomas and 51 goiter and 17 normal thyroid tissues. MAGE A3 and immune cell markers (CD4 and CD8) were evaluated using immunohistochemistry and compared with clinical pathological features. Results. The semiquantitative analysis and ACIS III analysis showed similar results. MAGE A3 was expressed in more malignant than in benign lesions (P < 0.0001), also helping to discriminate follicular-patterned lesions. It was also higher in tumors in which there was extrathyroidal invasion (P = 0.0206) and in patients with stage II disease (P = 0.0107). MAGE A3+ tumors were more likely to present CD8+ TIL (P = 0.0346), and these tumors were associated with less aggressive features, that is, extrathyroidal invasion and small size. There was a trend of MAGE A3+ CD8+ tumors to evolve free of disease. Conclusion. We demonstrated that MAGE A3 and CD8+ TIL infiltration may play an important role in malignant thyroid nodules, presenting an interesting perspective for new researches on DTC immunotherapy.
Especificidad versus representatividad: enfoques metodologicos en el estudio de la migracion mexicana hacia Estados Unidos.

Recent years have witnessed a significant shift in data collection methods in the social sciences, partly as a result of the growing rapprochement between the various disciplines. Despite this trend, certain methodological obstacles are impossible to ignore. One of these is linked to the design of studies that will produce results with a great deal of depth and validity, which are also representative. Analytical depth is usually achieved at the expense of generalizability and vice versa. This article compares two sources of data on Mexico-US migration, based on radically different methodologies: the Mexican Migration Project (Promig) and the National Survey of Population Dynamics (Enadid). Over the years, Promig has produced a vast quantity of historical, contextual, institutional, familial and individual data on international migration in over forty communities. Enadid is a traditional, cross-sectional survey that collects survey on demographic change at a national and state level. Whereas Enadid permits the analysis of certain variables with a great deal of representativeness, Promig provides a deeper and fuller understanding of international migration as a social process. This comparative study shows that a micro-social design drawing on multiple community samples, such as Promig, can solve the methodological conflict between specificity and representativeness. Neither descriptive statistics of the population of Mexican labor migrants nor multivariate analyses of the propensity to emigrate in search of work reveal significant biases in Promig data compared with those of Enadid. Although Promig data cannot be said to be absolutely representative of all Mexican migrants to the United States, even those from traditional sending regions, studies based on this data have a high degree of generalizability. The authors' research also highlights the problem of selectivity and specificity entailed by traditional surveys such as Enadid as a result of restricting their samples to international residents in Mexico and attempting to explain such a complex, socioeconomic process using a limited number of variables.
Primary Osteosarcoma in Patients Older than 40 Years of Age

Among the 665 patients who registered at our hospital, we reviewed 39 cases of high grade primary osteosarcoma in patients who were older than 40 yr of age. The aim of this study was to determine if a primary osteosarcoma in older patients has different clinical features, and a poorer prognosis than in younger patients. Two evaluations were performed. In the first, an attempt was made to determine the possible prognostic factors such as gender, location, size, alkaline phosphatase, radiological findings, chemotherapy intensity, chemotherapy-induced tumor necrosis, and surgical margin. The second evaluation involved assessment of whether there were any significant clinical differences between older patients and adolescents. According to the results, a primary osteosarcoma in older patients did not reveal any significant prognostic variables. A primary osteosarcoma in older patients showed a poorer prognosis due to relatively unusual locations, common abnormal radiological findings, and a poor response to chemotherapy. Therefore, careful attention should be paid to making an accurate diagnosis and new strategies for more effective treatment, including chemotherapy, must to be developed in order to achieve long term survival in older patients with osteosarcoma.