Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
So you Really Want to Interview Me?: Navigating “Sensitive” Qualitative Research Interviewing

This article discusses the qualitative interviewing techniques that the authors used to conduct their respective dissertation research in Jamaica and South Carolina. (The research in Jamaica examined the implementation of primary education policies. The research in South Carolina delved into the life history of Benner C. Turner, a controversial college president.) Most of the literature about interviewing focuses on asking the right questions; in contrast, this article discusses the challenges of interviewing. In this article, selected interviews are used from both studies to examine the difficulties these researchers encountered when conducting “sensitive” interviews, the risks female researchers face in unfamiliar places, and the challenges of working in international settings (which requires interpersonal skills and cultural competency). While the task of research interviewing is complex, the authors provide ideas that can be used to navigate such moments.
Exploring the differential impact of job satisfaction on employee attendance and conduct

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of job satisfaction on employee attendance and conduct.Design/methodology/approach – The approach was to use data from a study on job satisfaction and performance conducted in a utility company operating in the United Arab Emirates. Job satisfaction was measured using the 20‐item MSQ (Minnesota Satisfaction Questionnaire) short form. Performance measures were based on the utility company employee performance rating system.Findings – Preliminary analysis of the data revealed significant differences on aspects of job satisfaction and performance between the two gender groups (i.e. males vs females). In general, female respondents were less satisfied with various aspects of their jobs and the job context than their male counterparts. Similarly, they tended to be less performing than their male counterparts on a number of job performance criteria. This pattern is indicative of an underlying linkage between satisfaction and performance, particularly .
Work-family conflict of nurses in Japan.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The purpose of this paper is to explore the determinants of work-family conflict among Japanese nurses by using microdata describing nurses' characteristics working at health facilities in Japan. We focus in particular on the impacts of shift work and workplace child care support on the conflict between work and child care with preschool children. BACKGROUND With a declining fertility trend, it is not easy to recruit sufficient number of nurses from the pool of graduate nurses. Therefore, support for reemployment of inactive nurses and prevention of turnover and enhancement of retention for active nurses have become the important strategies, along with the recruitment of new graduates. DESIGN AND METHOD We focus on the impacts of (i) flexibility in shift work and (ii) child care support at work, on the conflict between work and child care through performing multivariate regression analysis. The data used in this study come from a survey conducted on members of the Japanese Nursing Association as of the end of July 2001. Concerning shift work and child care support, we limited the sample to the full-time female employees. The sample is limited to 378 respondents who were mothers of preschool children. RESULT The results can be summarised as follows: (i) working night shifts does not have a significant effect on the conflict in balancing work and child care. Also findings show that three-shift duty is more likely to increase the conflict. (ii) When supportiveness about child care responsibilities with small children is absent at work, the conflict is likely to increase. (iii) For mothers working night shifts, the reduction of the duties are likely to reduce the conflict. CONCLUSION These results highlight the importance of establishing a system in which nurses can select the work hours flexibly and to promote awareness at work regarding the importance of child care support to strike balance between the nursing work and child-raising. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The difficulty in balancing work and child care is one of the main factors that prevent inactive nurses from returning to work. Also, enrichment of child care support is important to reemploying inactive nurses. Therefore, revealing the difficulty that nurses experience in balancing work and child care, and the effectiveness of child care support for securing nursing labour, is highly relevant to clinical practice.
Music, Thought, and Feeling: Understanding the Psychology of Music

PREFACE CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION LEARNING OUTCOMES Overview of Book Contents Abiding Controversies Recent Areas of Research Growth Additional Readings CHAPTER 2: ORIGINS OF MUSIC LEARNING OUTCOMES Prehistoric Music Adaptationist Accounts Theories Based on Reproductive Benefits Theories Based on Survival Benefits Nonadaptationist Accounts Precursors to Music Additional Readings CHAPTER 3: MUSICAL BUILDING BLOCKS LEARNING OUTCOMES The Elements of Sound Periodic Motion The Discovery of Music Within Sound Sensory Consonance and Dissonance Tuning Systems Sensitivity to Pitch Models of Pitch Perception Absolute Pitch Timbre Reconstructing Music Additional Readings CHAPTER 4: MUSIC ACQUISITION LEARNING OUTCOMES Musical Infants Music in the Womb Investigating Music Perception Among Infants Melodic Contour Consonance and Dissonance Pitch Relations Scale Structure Phrase Structure Harmony Key Rhythm Memory for Music Learning and Enculturation Additional Readings CHAPTER 5 : PERCEIVING MUSIC STRUCTURE LEARNING OUTCOMES Arrangements of Sound Relative Pitch Melodic Contour Scale Structure Large-Scale Structure Melodic Expectancies Implicit Memory for Music Implied Harmony Musical Key Implied Key Rhythm Additional Readings CHAPTER 6: MUSIC AND EMOTION LEARNING OUTCOMES Emotion Work Emotion and Cognition Theories of Music and Emotion Empirical Studies Do Listeners Agree on the Emotional Meaning of Music? How Do Listeners Respond Emotionally to Music? Compositional and Expressive Signals of Emotion What Properties of Music Lead to an Emotional Response? Is There a Universal Link Between Music and Emotion? Sources of Emotion in Music Additional Readings CHAPTER 7: MUSIC AND THE BRAIN LEARNING OUTCOMES What's in a Brain? The Search for Music Inside the Brain Neurological Disorders Techniques of Neuroimaging Neuroimaging and Music A Rapidly Evolving Field Additional Readings CHAPTER 8: PERFORMING MUSIC LEARNING OUTCOMES Playing Music Acquiring Performance Skill Communicating Musical Structure Communicating Emotional Meaning Singing Improvising Gestures and Facial Expressions Evaluating Performance The Craft of the Performer Additional Readings CHAPTER 9: COMPOSING MUSIC LEARNING OUTCOMES The Radius of Creativity Composers and Listeners Cognitive Constraints on Composition Composing with Multiple Voices Where Do New Ideas Come From? The Craft of Music Composition CHAPTER 10: MUSIC AND OTHER ABILITIES LEARNING OUTCOMES Is Music Unique? Short-Term Effects of Music Long-Term Benefits of Music Educational Implications Additional Readings GLOSSARY REFERENCES AUTHOR INDEX SUBJECT INDEX
Pitfalls in Digital Computation of the Impulse Response of Vascular Beds from Indicator‐Dilution Curves

Many methods are available for digital computation of the impulse response from indicator-dilution measurements representing input and output signals. In all instances, the only criterion for validity of the computation is comparison of the reconvolution of the computed impulse response and the input with the actual output. In this paper, a model mathematical system was constructed with a known impulse response; noise and time variation could be introduced independently or simultaneously in the input and the output data. Six methods for digital computation of the impulse response were applied to data from this system and to actual dye-dilution data. Precision of reconvolution did not assure that the computed response would resemble the actual response of the system. Some numerical considerations also significantly affected the digital computation of a valid response.
Learning spatiotemporal graphs of human activities

Complex human activities occurring in videos can be defined in terms of temporal configurations of primitive actions. Prior work typically hand-picks the primitives, their total number, and temporal relations (e.g., allow only followed-by), and then only estimates their relative significance for activity recognition. We advance prior work by learning what activity parts and their spatiotemporal relations should be captured to represent the activity, and how relevant they are for enabling efficient inference in realistic videos. We represent videos by spatiotemporal graphs, where nodes correspond to multiscale video segments, and edges capture their hierarchical, temporal, and spatial relationships. Access to video segments is provided by our new, multiscale segmenter. Given a set of training spatiotemporal graphs, we learn their archetype graph, and pdf's associated with model nodes and edges. The model adaptively learns from data relevant video segments and their relations, addressing the “what” and “how. ” Inference and learning are formulated within the same framework - that of a robust, least-squares optimization - which is invariant to arbitrary permutations of nodes in spatiotemporal graphs. The model is used for parsing new videos in terms of detecting and localizing relevant activity parts. We out-perform the state of the art on benchmark Olympic and UT human-interaction datasets, under a favorable complexity-vs.-accuracy trade-off.
Pharmacological Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease: Is it Progressing Adequately?

Introduction: Between 1993 and 2000 four acetylcholinesterase inhibitors were marketed as a symptomatic treatment for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), as well as memantine in 2003. Current research is focused on finding drugs that favorably modify the course of the disease. However, their entrance into the market does not seem to be imminent. Research Development: The aim of AD research is to find substances that inhibit certain elements of the AD pathogenic chain (beta- and gamma-secretase inhibitors, alpha-secretase stimulants, beta-amyloid aggregability reducers or disaggregation and elimination inductors, as well as tau-hyperphosphorylation, glutamate excitotoxicity, oxidative stress and mitochondrial damage reducers, among other action mechanisms). Demonstrating a disease’s retarding effect demands longer trials than those necessary to ascertain symptomatic improvement. Besides, a high number of patients (thousands of them) is necessary, all of which turns out to be difficult and costly. Furthermore, it would be necessary to count on diagnosis and progression markers in the disease’s pre-clinical stage, markers for specific phenotypes, as well as high-selectivity molecules acting only where necessary. In order to compensate these difficulties, drugs acting on several defects of the pathogenic chain or showing both symptomatic and neuroprotective action simultaneously are being researched. Conclusions: There are multiple molecules used in research to modify AD progression. Although it turns out to be difficult to obtain drugs with sufficient efficacy so that their marketing is approved, if they were achieved they would lead to a reduction of AD prevalence.
Identification of B Cell Epitopes of Alcohol Dehydrogenase Allergen of Curvularia lunata

Background/Objective Epitope identification assists in developing molecules for clinical applications and is useful in defining molecular features of allergens for understanding structure/function relationship. The present study was aimed to identify the B cell epitopes of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) allergen from Curvularia lunata using in-silico methods and immunoassay. Method B cell epitopes of ADH were predicted by sequence and structure based methods and protein-protein interaction tools while T cell epitopes by inhibitory concentration and binding score methods. The epitopes were superimposed on a three dimensional model of ADH generated by homology modeling and analyzed for antigenic characteristics. Peptides corresponding to predicted epitopes were synthesized and immunoreactivity assessed by ELISA using individual and pooled patients' sera. Result The homology model showed GroES like catalytic domain joined to Rossmann superfamily domain by an alpha helix. Stereochemical quality was confirmed by Procheck which showed 90% residues in most favorable region of Ramachandran plot while Errat gave a quality score of 92.733%. Six B cell (P1–P6) and four T cell (P7–P10) epitopes were predicted by a combination of methods. Peptide P2 (epitope P2) showed E(X)2GGP(X)3KKI conserved pattern among allergens of pathogenesis related family. It was predicted as high affinity binder based on electronegativity and low hydrophobicity. The computational methods employed were validated using Bet v 1 and Der p 2 allergens where 67% and 60% of the epitope residues were predicted correctly. Among B cell epitopes, Peptide P2 showed maximum IgE binding with individual and pooled patients' sera (mean OD 0.604±0.059 and 0.506±0.0035, respectively) followed by P1, P4 and P3 epitopes. All T cell epitopes showed lower IgE binding. Conclusion Four B cell epitopes of C. lunata ADH were identified. Peptide P2 can serve as a potential candidate for diagnosis of allergic diseases.
Consumer ethics among young consumers in developing countries: a cross national study

Purpose - – The present study aims to examine the similarities and differences between young consumers in Indonesia and Thailand based on actionable and strategy-yielding marketing variables (e.g. Machiavellianism, ethical orientations, trust, opportunism and materialism) and, second, it examined the impact of these variables on consumer ethics. Design/methodology/approach - – A convenience sample of university students from a large private university in Yogyakarta (Indonesia) and a large public university in Chiang Mai (Thailand) were asked to complete a survey that incorporated scales to measure consumers’ ethical beliefs, specifically, Machiavellianism, ethical orientation, opportunism, trust and materialism, as well as demographic classification questions. Findings - – The findings showed that young Indonesian and Thai consumers display similarities on most of the constructs. Moreover, the study found that personal moral philosophies (i.e. idealism and relativism) and trust strongly influence their judgment in ethically intense situations in both countries. Research limitations/implications - – The current study has several limitations, especially the use of convenience sampling that may limit the generalizability of the findings. Students in Indonesia and Thailand may behave differently from general consumers or other cohorts with regards to their ethical judgments. Practical implications - – Because personal ethical positions are developed over a lifetime of experiences in dealing with and resolving moral issues, schools and universities should intervene and educate youth on acting in ways that are consistent with moral rules. Currently, universities and schools in Indonesia and Thailand and many other countries in developing countries do not promote this knowledge to students. Originality/value - – This is one of the first studies exploring consumer ethics in Indonesia and Thailand.
Radiocarbon dating reveals minimal collagen turnover in both healthy and osteoarthritic human cartilage

The turnover of cartilage collagen matrix is minimal in human adults and is not influenced by disease. Cartilage claims a permament home It has long been debated for many tissues in our bodies whether they are permanent or constantly refreshed as we go through life. Nuclear bomb testing in the 1950s and 1960s released a large amount of the carbon-14 isotope into the atmosphere, giving researchers the ability to determine the age and turnover of human tissues, ranging from the heart to the brain to, now, the cartilage. Heinemeier and colleagues used this so-called “14C bomb pulse” method to date cartilage from 23 individuals ranging from 18 to 76 years of age. They examined cartilage from knee joints, taking samples from both highly and moderately loaded areas, in both healthy individuals and those with osteoarthritis. The authors discovered that the collagen matrix of human cartilage is essentially permanent, with no major replacement even with disease. This finding has important implications for the tissue engineering and regenerative medicine fields, where the structural permanence of collagen will need to be contemplated when designing new cartilage repair strategies. The poor regenerative capacity of articular cartilage presents a major clinical challenge and may relate to a limited turnover of the cartilage collagen matrix. However, the collagen turnover rate during life is not clear, and it is debated whether osteoarthritis (OA) can influence it. Using the carbon-14 (14C) bomb-pulse method, life-long replacement rates of collagen were measured in tibial plateau cartilage from 23 persons born between 1935 and1997 (15 and 8 persons with OA and healthy cartilage, respectively). The 14C levels observed in cartilage collagen showed that, virtually, no replacement of the collagen matrix happened after skeletal maturity and that neither OA nor tissue damage, per se, influenced collagen turnover. Regional differences in 14C content across the joint surface showed that cartilage collagen located centrally on the joint surface is formed several years earlier than collagen located peripherally. The collagen matrix of human articular cartilage is an essentially permanent structure that has no significant turnover in adults, even with the occurrence of disease.
Breakdown in the system of learner support materials supply in Northern Province, South Africa

In this paper we draw on research conducted on the system of supply of learner support materials (LSMs) in Region 2 of the Northern Province of South Africa. The study used a qualitative methodology where a case study design was adopted. Purposive sampling was used in the selection of five schools. Three methods of data collection were used, namely: interview, observation and documentation. It was found that the system of supply of learner support materials in the Northern Province was in a chaotic state. For example, books were not delivered in time, or not delivered at all, there were wrong deliveries, and a lot of wastage on unused materials. (South African Journal of Education: 2002 22(4): 275-281)
Correlation between Filtering Bleb Clinical Morphology, Anterior Segment Optical Coherence Tomography Findings, and Intraocular Pressure

Purpose: To evaluate usefulness of anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) in evaluation of filtering bleb functionality and to correlate its findings with clinical bleb examination Methods: In this cross-sectional, descriptive study 55 eyes with apparently functional bleb were evaluated. Following a comprehensive ophthalmic examination, filtering bleb grading was performed based on Indiana Bleb Appearance Grading Scale (IBAGS). The bleb was then imaged using AS-OCT. Two radial and tangential scans were obtained. Results: The mean age was 57.69±12.47 years and 29 cases (53%) were female. The mean number of glaucoma medication and intraocular pressure (IOP) were 0.45±0.71 and 14.35±4.67 mmHg, respectively. On AS-OCT examination, the mean bleb height, bleb wall thickness, internal cavity height, posterior extension of the internal cavity were 1.5±0.47 mm, 1±0.4 mm, 0.59±0.28 mm, and 3.15±1.26 mm, respectively. The internal reflectivity was high in 15 cases (27%) and low in 40 cases (73%). There was a positive correlation between the bleb height, bleb wall thickness, and internal cavity height on AS-OCT and IOP. Also, a negative correlation between the posterior extension of the internal cavity and IOP was noted. There was also a positive correlation between the higher IOP and a high internal reflectivity. There has also been a positive correlation between the bleb height at IBAGS and bleb reflectivity at AS-OCT. We also found that there was a positive correlation between the bleb vascularity at IBAGS and internal reflectivity at AS-OCT. Conclusion: AS-OCT seems to be a useful device in evaluation of filtering bleb function. It yields valuable information regarding the internal bleb structures, and its findings are correlated with clinical examination of filtering bleb.
Optimized inversion recovery sequences for quantitative T1 and magnetization transfer imaging

Inversion recovery sequences that vary the inversion time (ti) have been employed to determine T1 and, more recently, quantitative magnetization transfer parameters. Specifically, in previous work, the inversion recovery pulse sequences varied ti only while maintaining a constant delay (td) between repetitions. T1 values were determined by fitting to a single exponential function, and quantitative magnetization transfer parameters were then determined by fitting to a biexponential function with an approximate solution. In the current study, new protocols are employed, which vary both ti and td and fit the data with minimal approximations. Cramer‐Rao lower bounds are calculated to search for acquisition schemes that will maximize the precision efficiencies of T1 and quantitative magnetization transfer parameters. This approach is supported by Monte Carlo simulations. The optimal T1 schemes are verified by measurements on MnCl2 samples. The optimal quantitative magnetization transfer schemes are confirmed by measurements on a series of cross‐linked bovine serum albumin phantoms of varying concentrations. The effects of varying the number of sampling data points are also explored, and a rapid acquisition scheme is demonstrated in vivo. These new optimized quantitative imaging methods provide an improved means for determining T1 and magnetization transfer parameter values compared to previous inversion recovery based methods. Magn Reson Med, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Living With Violence: An Anthropology of Events and Everyday Life

1. Nation, State and Violence in Dharavi 2. Documents and Testimony: Violence, Witnessing and Subjectivity in the Bombay Riots 1992-93 3. Boundaries, Names, Alterities: The Riot in Dharavi 4. Communal Violence, Public Spaces and the Unmaking of Men 5. Plans, Habitation and Slum Redevelopment: The Production of Community 6. Governmental Technologies and Institutional Practice: NGOs and the Slum Dwellers' Voice. Bibliography. Index