Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Social support and sense of community for mature age women studying psychology

The topic of mature students is of current interest in Higher Education, particularly in reference to predicted increases in part time mature students. This paper explores experiences of support for women aged between 40-49 years studying psychology in a professional learning context. The purpose of the study was to investigate what social supports are important in the experiences of mature age women who have decided to return to university. Within a descriptive phenomenological approach (Moustakas, 1994) to understand experiences of support, the women took part in a semistructured interview. Women reported their needs for academic support, social support and a sense of community within the university. Recommendations for social support through design of supportive learning environments and transition programs are discussed in the context of universities encouraging diverse student populations, attrition rates amongst mature age female students, and students experiencing a complex relationship around expectations driven by their motivations, their ability to cope with the academic workload, and managing family roles (Scott, Burns & Cooney, 1998).
Resisting contradictions : non-Indigenous pre-service teacher responses to critical Indigenous studies

The study examines non-Indigenous pre-service teacher responses to the authorisation of Indigenous knowledge perspectives in compulsory Indigenous studies with a primary focus on exploring the nature and effects of resistance. It draws on the philosophies of the Japanangka teaching and research paradigm (West, 2000), relationship theory (Graham, 1999), Indigenist methodologies and decolonisation approaches to examine this resistance. A Critical Indigenist Study was employed to investigate how non-Indigenous pre-service teachers managed their learning, and how they articulated shifts in resistance as they progressed through their studies. This study explains resistance to compulsory Indigenous and how it can be targeted by Indigenist Standpoint Pedagogy. The beginning transformations in pre-service teacher positioning in relation to Australian history, contemporary educational practice, and professional identity was also explored.
Growth-Environment Dependent Modulation of Staphylococcus aureus Branched-Chain to Straight-Chain Fatty Acid Ratio and Incorporation of Unsaturated Fatty Acids

The fatty acid composition of membrane glycerolipids is a major determinant of Staphylococcus aureus membrane biophysical properties that impacts key factors in cell physiology including susceptibility to membrane active antimicrobials, pathogenesis, and response to environmental stress. The fatty acids of S. aureus are considered to be a mixture of branched-chain fatty acids (BCFAs), which increase membrane fluidity, and straight-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that decrease it. The balance of BCFAs and SCFAs in strains USA300 and SH1000 was affected considerably by differences in the conventional laboratory medium in which the strains were grown with media such as Mueller-Hinton broth and Luria broth resulting in high BCFAs and low SCFAs, whereas growth in Tryptic Soy Broth and Brain-Heart Infusion broth led to reduction in BCFAs and an increase in SCFAs. Straight-chain unsaturated fatty acids (SCUFAs) were not detected. However, when the organism was grown ex vivo in serum, the fatty acid composition was radically different with SCUFAs, which increase membrane fluidity, making up a substantial proportion of the total (<25%) with SCFAs (>37%) and BCFAs (>36%) making up the rest. Staphyloxanthin, an additional major membrane lipid component unique to S. aureus, tended to be greater in content in cells with high BCFAs or SCUFAs. Cells with high staphyloxanthin content had a lower membrane fluidity that was attributed to increased production of staphyloxanthin. S. aureus saves energy and carbon by utilizing host fatty acids for part of its total fatty acids when growing in serum. The fatty acid composition of in vitro grown S. aureus is likely to be a poor reflection of the fatty acid composition and biophysical properties of the membrane when the organism is growing in an infection in view of the role of SCUFAs in staphylococcal membrane composition and virulence. Funding: This work was funded in part by grant 1R15AI099977 to Brian Wilkinson and Craig Gatto and grant 1R15GM61583 to Craig Gatto from the National Institutes of Health
The nature of the Class I population in Ophiuchus as revealed through gas and dust mapping

Context. The Ophiuchus clouds, in particular L 1688, are an excellent region to study the embedded phases Context. The Ophiuchus clouds, in particular L 1688, are an excellent region to study the embedded phases of star formation, due to the relatively large number of protostars. However, the standard method of finding and characterizing embedded young stellar objects (YSOs) through just their infrared spectral slope does not yield a reliable sample. This may affect the age determinations, often derived from the statistics on the total number of embedded YSOs and pre-main sequence stars within a cloud. Aims. Our aim is to characterize the structure of protostellar envelopes on an individual basis and to correctly identify the embedded YSO population of L 1688. Methods. Spectral maps of the HCO^+ J = 4−3 and C^(18)O J = 3−2 lines, using the HARP-B array on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope and SCUBA 850 μm dust maps, are obtained of all sources in the L 1688 region with infrared spectral slopes consistent with, or close to, that of embedded YSOs. Selected 350 μm maps obtained with the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory are presented as well. The properties, extent and variation of dense gas, column density and dust up to 1’ (∼7500 AU) are probed at 15” resolution. Using the spatial variation of the gas and dust, together with the intensity of the HCO+ J = 4−3 line, we are able to accurately identify the truly embedded YSOs and determine their properties. Results. The protostellar envelopes range from 0.05 to 0.5 M_ ⊙ in mass. The concentration of HCO+ emission (∼0.5 to 0.9) is generally higher than that of the dust concentration. Combined with absolute intensities, HCO^+ proves to be a better tracer of protostellar envelopes than dust, which can contain disk and cloud contributions. Our total sample of 45 sources, including all previously classified Class I sources, several flat-spectrum sources and some known disks, was re-classified using the molecular emission. Of these, only 17 sources are definitely embedded YSOs. Four of these embedded YSOs have little (0.1−0.2 M_⊙) envelope material remaining and are likely at the interesting transitional stage from embedded YSO to T Tauri star. About half of the flat-spectrum sources are found to be embedded YSOs and about half are disks. Conclusions. The presented classification method is successful in separating embedded YSOs from edge-on disks and confused sources. The total embedded population of the Ophiuchus L 1688 cloud is found almost exclusively in Oph-A, Oph-B2 and the Ophiuchus ridge with only three embedded YSOs not related to these regions. The detailed characterization presented will be necessary to interpret deep interferometric ALMA and future Herschel observations.
Standard care quality determines treatment outcomes in control groups of HAART-adherence intervention studies: implications for the interpretation and comparison of intervention effects.

OBJECTIVE Clinical trials of behavioral interventions seek to enhance evidence-based health care. However, in case the quality of standard care provided to control conditions varies between studies and affects outcomes, intervention effects cannot be directly interpreted or compared. The objective of the present study was to examine whether standard care quality (SCQ) could be reliably assessed, varies between studies of highly active antiretroviral HIV-adherence interventions, and is related to the proportion of patients achieving an undetectable viral load ("success rate"). DESIGN Databases were searched for relevant articles. Authors of selected studies retrospectively completed a checklist with standard care activities, which were coded to compute SCQ scores. The relationship between SCQ and the success rates was examined using meta-regression. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Cronbach's alpha, variability in SCQ, and relation between SCQ and success rate. RESULTS Reliability of the SCQ instrument was high (Cronbach's alpha = .91). SCQ scores ranged from 3.7 to 27.8 (total range = 0-30) and were highly predictive of success rate (p = .002). CONCLUSIONS Variation in SCQ provided to control groups may substantially influence effect sizes of behavior change interventions. Future trials should therefore assess and report SCQ, and meta-analyses should control for variability in SCQ, thereby producing more accurate estimates of the effectiveness of behavior change interventions.
Effect of Resistance Training and Aerobic Conditioning on Muscular Strength and Submaximal Fitness for Individuals with Chronic Heart Failure: Influence of Age and Gender

Swank, AM, Funk, DC, Manire, JT, Allard, AL, and Denny, DM. Effect of resistance training and aerobic conditioning on muscular strength and submaximal fitness for individuals with chronic heart failure: influence of age and gender. J Strength Cond Res 24(5): 1298-1305, 2010-The hallmark characteristic of chronic heart failure (CHF) is exercise intolerance. This study evaluated a combined exercise program that would be consistent with current cardiac rehabilitation guidelines. The program consisted of progressive resistance training (intensity progressing from 50 to 80% maximum) and aerobic conditioning (70% of heart rate reserve). Outcomes included muscular strength measured as 8-repetition maximum and submaximal aerobic fitness indicators (measured at 50% of predicted maximal oxygen consumption) including heart rate, blood pressure, and rate pressure product. Subjects were taken retrospectively from a database of CHF patients who underwent cardiac rehabilitation between 1998 and 2004 with the Cardiac Rehabilitation Center of River Cities Cardiology in Jeffersonville, IN. The same data set was used to evaluate 2 research questions: to compare training outcomes between gender (men and women) and to compare outcomes between young (≤65 years) and old (>65 years) subjects. Forty-two subjects (15 women and 27 men; 19 were ≤65 and 23 were >65 years of age) met inclusion and exclusion criteria and underwent 36 sessions of cardiac rehabilitation over a 14-week time period. Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to test whether strength and submaximal responses differed across gender or age. Analysis indicated that regardless of gender or age, subjects significantly increased their strength on each of 6 strength tests. Heart rate, systolic blood pressure, and rate pressure product were lower after training indicating increased aerobic efficiency. Progressive resistance training and aerobic conditioning prescribed in a manner consistent with cardiac rehabilitation guidelines resulted in similar improvements regardless of gender or age for individuals with CHF suggesting that no training program adjustments are necessary to accommodate age or gender.
Retention of secretory proteins in an intermediate compartment and disappearance of the Golgi complex in an END4 mutant of Chinese hamster ovary cells

Mutant V.24. 1, a member of the End4 complementation group of temperature-sensitive CHO cells, is defective in secretion at the restrictive temperature (Wang, R.-H., P. A. Colbaugh, C.-Y. Kao, E. A. Rutledge, and R. K. Draper. 1990. J. Biol. Chem. 265:20179-20187; Presley, J. F., R. K. Draper, and D. T. Brown. 1991. J. Virol. 65:1332- 1339). We have further investigated the secretory lesion and report three main findings. First, the block in secretion is not due to aberrant folding or oligomerization of secretory proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum because the hemagglutinin of influenza virus folded and oligomerized at the same rate in mutant and parental cells at the restrictive temperature. Second, secretory proteins accumulated in a compartment intermediate between the ER and the Golgi. Several lines of evidence support this conclusion, the most direct being the colocalization by immunofluorescence microscopy of influenza virus hemagglutinin with a 58-kD protein that is known to reside in an intermediate compartment. Third, at the resolution of fluorescence microscopy, the Golgi complex in the mutant cells vanished at the restrictive temperature.
Restoration of adiponectin pulsatility in severely obese subjects after weight loss.

Diurnal variations of adiponectin levels have been studied in normal-weight men and in diabetic and nondiabetic obese subjects, but no data have been reported in obese subjects after weight loss. We collected blood samples at 1-h intervals over 24 h from seven severely obese subjects before and after massive weight loss consequent to surgical operation (bilio-pancreatic diversion [BPD]) to measure adiponectin, insulin, glucose, and cortisol levels. Insulin sensitivity was assessed by euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp (M value). Studies of diurnal variations and pulsatility of adiponectin, insulin, and cortisol were performed. The pulsatility index (PI) of adiponectin increased after BPD from 0.04 to 0.11 microg/min (P = 0.01). Insulin PI significantly increased after the operation (1.50 vs. 1.08 pmol.l(-1). min(-1), P = 0.01), while cortisol PI did not significantly change. The adiponectin clearance rate changed from 0.001 +/- 10(-4). min(-1) before BPD to 0.004 +/- 8. 10(-4). min(-1) after BPD (P = 0.03). Insulin clearance increased from 0.006 +/- 6. 10(-4). min(-1) before BPD to 0.009 +/- 4.10(-4). min(-1) after BPD (P = 0.02). The M value doubled after surgery (27.08 +/- 8.5 vs. 53.34 +/- 9.3 micromol.kg(FFM)(-1). min(-1); P < 0.001) becoming similar to the values currently reported for normal-weight subjects. In conclusion, in formerly severely obese subjects, weight loss paired with the reversibility of insulin resistance restores homeostatic control of the adiponectin secretion, contributing to the reduction of cardiovascular risk already described in these patients.
Simulation of anisotropic motion by mean curvature -- comparison of phase field and sharp interface approaches.

Motion by mean curvature is a problem arising in multi-phase thermo- mechanics and pattern formation. The article presen ts a numerical comparison of two approaches to the dynamics of closed curves, namely sharp-interface description leading to a degenerate-diusion equation of slow and fast diusion types related to anisotropic curve shortening flow, and a diusive-interface description in the form of a recently improved version of the phase-field model. Numerical scheme used for simulation of (isotropic) phase field equation is analyzed with regards on the con- vergence, and simultaneously existence, uniqueness and asymptotical behaviour if the diusive interface becomes sharp. The presented computational results indicate a consistent relation of both approaches and demonstrate the behaviour of both models in dierent situations of curve dynamics.
Family Caregivers' Labor Force Participation and Financial Well-Being: A Longitudinal Study

As the older population continues to grow, the number of people in need of long-term care is likely to increase and more families than ever before are becoming involved in providing care to family members. Studies on family caregivers’ labor force participation and financial well-being have implications for designing social policy and programs to support family caregivers. However, first, the existing research on the relationship between caregiving and labor force participation is suggestive but not conclusive due to equivocal research results based on cross-sectional design. Second, much of the previous literature on caregiving has focused on the effects of caregiving on the caregivers’ psychological and physical well-being, and there is limited literature pertaining to caregivers’ financial well-being. Third, a comparative study of the similarities and differences across cultures will add knowledge regarding how cultural background and institutional factors interact with care for the elderly. This dissertation aimed to fill these gaps by examining family caregivers’ labor force participation and financial well-being through a longitudinal research design. In addition, this study attempted to conduct a cross-national comparative study between the United States and Korea by exploring the two nationally representative data. Results suggest that while caregiving had a negative impact on women’s labor force participation, employment status was not related to assume the role of physical caregiver. In addition, men’s labor force participation had a negative impact on taking on the physical care, whereas the role of physical caregiver was not related to their employment status. However, the impact of caregiving on change in financial well-being and the mediation effect of employment on financial well-being were not identified. Findings from this study provide a greater understanding of gender differences in the relationship between caregiving and labor force participation.
Systemic and alveolar inflammatory response in the dependent and nondependent lung in patients undergoing lung resection surgery: A prospective observational study

BACKGROUND Measurement of inflammatory mediators in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) during lung resection surgery with periods of one-lung ventilation (OLV) has revealed an intense local pulmonary response. The role of each lung in the inflammation that occurs during this procedure has never been investigated. OBJECTIVE(S) The primary objective of our study was to compare the inflammatory response in the dependent lung with that of the nondependent lung by measuring inflammatory markers in BAL. Our secondary objective was to assess the behaviour of these inflammatory mediators in patients with and without postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). DESIGN A prospective, observational study. SETTING Department of Anaesthesiology in a university hospital. PATIENTS Forty-six consecutive patients undergoing lung resection surgery. INTERVENTION(S) BAL samples were taken from dependent and nondependent lung 10 min before initiating OLV and at the end of OLV (once two-lung ventilation was established). All patients were followed up until 30 days after surgery. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The concentration of cytokines [interleukin (IL)-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-&agr;)], nitric oxide, carbon monoxide and matrix metalloproteinase 2 (MMP-2) was analysed in both lungs before and after OLV. PPCs were recorded. RESULTS In BAL fluid, all measured biomarkers, apart from IL-10, were significantly greater (P < 0.05) at the end of OLV than those obtained before OLV, both for the dependent and nondependent lung. The increase in measured biomarkers was similar in both lungs. Eight patients developed PPC. Patients who developed PPC had higher levels of TNF-&agr; (P < 0.05) in BAL from the nondependent lung before and after OLV than patients who did not have PPC. Patients who developed PPC had a smaller increase in MMP-2 levels (P < 0.05) in the dependent lung than patients who did not have PPC. CONCLUSION In lung resection surgery, the inflammatory response is similar in both lungs. However, the greater increase in TNF-&agr; levels in the nondependent lung and the smaller increase of MMP-2 concentration in the dependent lung may increase the susceptibility to develop PPC.
Magnetism and binarity of the Herbig Ae star V380 Ori

In this paper we report the results of high-resolution circular spectropolarimetric monitoring of the Herbig Ae star V380 Ori, in which we discovered a magnetic field in 2005. A careful study of the intensity spectrum reveals the presence of a cool spectroscopic companion. By modelling the binary spectrum we infer the e! ective temperature of both stars: 10500±500K for the primary, and 5500 ± 500 K for the secondary, and we argue that the high metallicity ([M/H] = 0.5), required to fit the lines may imply that the primary is a chemically peculiar star. We observe that the radial velocity of the secondary’s lines varies with time, while that of the the primary does not. By fitting these variations we derive the orbital parameters of the system. We find an orbital period of 104 ± 5 d, and a mass ratio (MP/MS) larger than 2.9. The intensity spectrum is heavily contaminated with strong, broad and variable emission. A simple analysis of these lines reveals that a disk might surround the binary, and that a wind occurs in the environment of the system. Finally, we performed a magnetic analysis using the Least-Squares Deconvolved(LSD) profiles of the Stokes V spectra of both stars, and adopting the oblique rotator model. From rotational modulation of the primary’s Stokes V signatures, we infer its rotation period P = 4.31276 ± 0.00042 d, and find that it hosts a centred dipole magnetic field of polar strength 2.12 ± 0.15 kG, with a magnetic obliquity " = 66 ± 5 ! , and a rotation axis inclination i = 32 ± 5 ! However, no magnetic field is detected in the secondary, and if it hosts a dipolarmagneticfield, its strengthmust be below about500 G, to be consistent with our observations.
Major dietary patterns and the risk of colorectal cancer in women.

BACKGROUND Several foods and nutrients have been implicated in the development of colon and rectal cancers. In this study, we prospectively assessed the associations between major dietary patterns and the risks of these 2 cancers in women. METHODS Using dietary information collected in 1984, 1986, 1990, and 1994 from 76 402 women aged 38 to 63 years without a history of cancer in 1984, we conducted factor analysis and identified 2 major dietary patterns: "prudent" and "Western. " We calculated factor scores for each participant and examined prospectively the associations between dietary patterns and colon and rectal cancer risks. RESULTS The prudent pattern was characterized by higher intakes of fruits, vegetables, legumes, fish, poultry, and whole grains, while the Western pattern, by higher intakes of red and processed meats, sweets and desserts, french fries, and refined grains. During 12 years of follow-up, we identified 445 cases of colon cancer and 101 cases of rectal cancer. After adjusting for potential confounders, we observed a relative risk for colon cancer of 1.46 (95% confidence interval, 0.97-2.19) when comparing the highest with the lowest quintiles of the Western pattern (P value for trend across quintiles, .02). The prudent pattern had a nonsignificant inverse association with colon cancer (relative risk for fifth quintile compared with the first, 0.71; 95% confidence interval, 0.50-1.00; P for trend across quintiles, .31). We did not observe any significant association between dietary patterns and rectal cancer. CONCLUSION We found a significant positive association between the Western dietary pattern and the risk of colon cancer.
Gender Differential Item Functioning in the Multidimensional Self Concept Scale With a Sample of Early Adolescent Students

Abstract Differential item functioning (DIF) in the Multidimensional Self Concept Scale (B. A. Bracken, 1992) was evaluated using 2 different methods to identify and describe DIF. Of 149 items from the Multidimensional Self Concept Scale. 42% exhibited gender DIF. Nonuniform, crossover DIF was evident in items throughout the instrument.