Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Introduction to High Performance Computing for Scientists and Engineers

Written by high performance computing (HPC) experts, Introduction to High Performance Computing for Scientists and Engineers provides a solid introduction to current mainstream computer architecture, dominant parallel programming models, and useful optimization strategies for scientific HPC. From working in a scientific computing center, the authors gained a unique perspective on the requirements and attitudes of users as well as manufacturers of parallel computers. The text first introduces the architecture of modern cache-based microprocessors and discusses their inherent performance limitations, before describing general optimization strategies for serial code on cache-based architectures. It next covers shared- and distributed-memory parallel computer architectures and the most relevant network topologies. After discussing parallel computing on a theoretical level, the authors show how to avoid or ameliorate typical performance problems connected with OpenMP. They then present cache-coherent nonuniform memory access (ccNUMA) optimization techniques, examine distributed-memory parallel programming with message passing interface (MPI), and explain how to write efficient MPI code. The final chapter focuses on hybrid programming with MPI and OpenMP. Users of high performance computers often have no idea what factors limit time to solution and whether it makes sense to think about optimization at all. This book facilitates an intuitive understanding of performance limitations without relying on heavy computer science knowledge. It also prepares readers for studying more advanced literature.
Measuring Spatial Dependence for Infectious Disease Epidemiology

Global spatial clustering is the tendency of points, here cases of infectious disease, to occur closer together than expected by chance. The extent of global clustering can provide a window into the spatial scale of disease transmission, thereby providing insights into the mechanism of spread, and informing optimal surveillance and control. Here the authors present an interpretable measure of spatial clustering, τ, which can be understood as a measure of relative risk. When biological or temporal information can be used to identify sets of potentially linked and likely unlinked cases, this measure can be estimated without knowledge of the underlying population distribution. The greater our ability to distinguish closely related (i.e., separated by few generations of transmission) from more distantly related cases, the more closely τ will track the true scale of transmission. The authors illustrate this approach using examples from the analyses of HIV, dengue and measles, and provide an R package implementing the methods described. The statistic presented, and measures of global clustering in general, can be powerful tools for analysis of spatially resolved data on infectious diseases.
Influence of time elapsed from end of emergency surgery until admission to intensive care unit, on Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) prediction and patient mortality rate.

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Patients are often admitted to intensive care units with delay in relation to when this service was indicated. The objective was to verify whether this delay influences hospital mortality, length of stay in the unit and hospital, and APACHE II prediction. DESIGN AND SETITNG: Prospective and accuracy study, in intensive care unit of Santa Casa de São Paulo, a tertiary university hospital. METHODS We evaluated all 94 patients admitted following emergency surgery, from August 2002 to July 2003. The variables studied were APACHE II, death risk, length of stay in the unit and hospital, and hospital mortality rate. The patients were divided into two groups according to the time elapsed between end of surgery and admission to the unit: up to 12 hours and over 12 hours. RESULTS The groups were similar regarding gender, age, diagnosis, APACHE II score and hospital stay. The death risk factors were age, APACHE II and elapsed time (p < 0.02). The mortality rate for the over 12-hour group was higher (54% versus 26.1%; p = 0.018). For the over 12-hour group, observed mortality was higher than expected mortality (p = 0.015). For the up to 12-hour group, observed and expected mortality were similar (p = 0.288). CONCLUSION APACHE II foresaw the mortality rate among patients that arrived faster to the intensive core unit, while the mortality rate was higher among those patients whose admission to the intensive care unit took longer.
Seasonal abundance of spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch on vegetable and ornamental plants in Rajshahi

The seasonal abundance of spider mite T. urticae on twenty vegetable and twenty four ornamental plants in Rajshahi was conducted during August 2010 to January 2011. The mite was present on joscpks coat, kathua, lady’s finger, cucumber, brinjal, tomato, bottle gourd, bean, loofah, spinach, bitter melon, pointed gourd, radish, and cowpea but no mite was recorded on other six plants. But all the ornamental plants bagan-bilash, bottlebrush, nayantara, morog-jhuti, hasnahena, chandramallika, dalia, krisno-chura, togor, joba, madhobilata, rongon, beli, daisy, sondhamaloti, kamini, musanda, rakto-karobi, shewli, kath-golap, rajanigandha, golap, ganda, zinia contained mites. The pick population was prevailed during August. The increase of mite number is directly related with the increase of temperature. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3329/ujzru.v30i0. 10745 Univ. j. zool. Rajshahi Univ. Vol. 30, 2011 pp. 37-40
Louise Potvin Stimulating innovative research in health promotion

The Global Working Group on Health Promotion Research (GWG HPR) of the International Union for Health Promotion and Education (IUHPE) presents a collection of four articles illustrating innovative avenues for health promotion research. This commentary synthesizes the contributions of these articles while attempting to define the contours of research in health promotion. We propose that innovation in research involves the adoption of a reflexive approach wherein consideration of context plays different roles. The reflexive process consists of questioning what is taken for granted in the conceptualization and operationalization of research. It involves linking research findings and its theoretical foundations to characteristics and goals of the field and observed realities, while orienting reflection on specific objects. The reflexive nature of the research activity is of paramount importance for innovation in health promotion. With the publication of this series, the GWG HPR wishes to strengthen health promotion research capacity at the global level and reaffirm health promotion as a specific research domain. (Global Health Promotion, 2013; 20(2): 64–69)
Top-down saliency with Locality-constrained Contextual Sparse Coding

We propose a sparse coding based framework for top-down salient object detection in which three locality constraints are integrated. First is the spatial or contextual lo- cality constraint in which features from adjacent regions have similar code, second is the feature-domain locality constraint in which similar features have similar code, and third is the category-domain locality constraint in which features are coded using similar atoms from each partition of the dictionary, where each partition corresponds to an object category. This faster coding strategy produces better saliency maps compared to conven- tional sparse coding. Proposed codes are max-pooled over a spatial neighborhood for saliency estimation. In spite of its simplicity, the proposed top-down saliency achieves state-of-the-art results at patch-level on two challenging datasets-Graz-02 and PASCAL VOC-07. A novel Gaussian-weighted interpolation further improves pixel-level saliency map derived from the patch-level map.
Pregnancy and Antiphospholipid Syndrome

Abstract Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is classified as the association of thrombotic events and/or obstetric morbidity in patients persistently positive for antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). APS is also the most frequently acquired risk factor for a treatable cause of recurrent pregnancy loss and increases the risk of conditions associated with ischemic placental dysfunction, such as stillbirth, intrauterine death, preeclampsia, premature birth, and fetal growth restriction. The use of low-dose aspirin and heparin has improved the pregnancy outcome in obstetric APS and approximately 70% of pregnant women with APS will deliver a viable live infant. However, current management does not prevent all maternal, fetal, and neonatal complications of APS and the current treatment fails in 20 to 30% of APS pregnancies, raising the need to explore other treatments to improve obstetrical outcome. Two clinical studies of retrospective design have suggested that the immunomodulator hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) may play a role in the prevention of pregnancy complications in women with aPL and APS. The randomized controlled multicenter trial of hydroxychloroquine versus placebo during pregnancy in women with antiphospholipid antibodies (HYPATIA) of HCQ versus placebo will provide scientific evidence on the use of HCQ in pregnant women with aPL.
Radiation force of coherent and partially coherent flat-topped beams on a Rayleigh particle

Propagations of coherent and partially coherent flat-topped beams through a focusing optical system are formulated. The radiation force on a Rayleigh dielectric sphere induced by focused coherent and partially coherent flat-topped beams is investigated theoretically. It is found that we can increase the transverse trapping range at the planes near the focal plane by increasing the flatness (i.e., beam order) of the flat-topped beam, and we can increase the transverse and longitudinal trapping ranges at the focal plane by decreasing the initial coherence of the flat-topped beam. The trapping stability is also analyzed.
Dialogic teaching: developing thinking and metacognition through philosophical discussion

This paper explores the important relationship between dialogue and cognitive and metacognitive development in young children. The characteristics of dialogue are identified and a case is presented for involving young children in talking to think through philosophical discussion. The paper provides a theoretical context for kinds of metacognitive development that it defines as ‘me‐cognition’. It draws on classroom research, including the Philosophy in Primary Schools research project, to describe how the theory and practice of dialogue can be used to develop cognition and ‘me‐cognition’ in young children. It concludes that dialogic enquiry is a primary thinking skill from which other skills follow, that Philosophy for Children approaches provide effective methods for dialogic teaching that can support and develop children’s capacities for cognition and metacognition.
Examining the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire, long form (IPAQ-LC)

Abstract Objective To investigate the reliability and the validity of the long format, Chinese version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ-LC). Design Cross-sectional study, examining the reliability and validity of the IPAQ-LC compared with a physical activity log (PA-log) and objective accelerometry. Setting Self-reported physical activity (PA) in Hong Kong adults. Subjects A total of eighty-three Chinese adults (forty-seven males, thirty-six females) were asked to wear an ActiTrainer accelerometer (MTI-ActiGraph, Fort Walton Beach, FL, USA) for >10 h over 7 d, to complete a PA-log at the end of each day and to complete the IPAQ-LC on day 8. On a sub-sample of twenty-eight adults the IPAQ-LC was also administered on day 11 to assess its reliability. Results The IPAQ-LC had good test–retest reliability for grouped activities, with intra-class correlation coefficients ranging from 0·74 to 0·97 for vigorous, moderate, walking and total PA, with between-test effect sizes that were small (<0·49). The Spearman correlation coefficients were statistically significant for vigorous PA (r = 0·28), moderate + walking PA (r = 0·27), as well as overall PA (r = 0·35), when compared with the accelerometry-based criterion measures, but none of the IPAQ activity categories correlated significantly with the PA-log. In absolute units, only the IPAQ light and overall PA did not differ significantly from the accelerometry measures, yet overall PA was able to faithfully discriminate between quartiles of PA (P = 0·019) when compared to accelerometry. Conclusions The IPAQ-LC demonstrated adequate reliability and showed sufficient evidence of validity in assessing overall levels of habitual PA to be used on Hong Kong adults.
Dispositional Affectivity and Work‐Related Outcomes: A Meta‐Analysis

This study meta-analytically reviews the influence of individuals' dispositional negative affectivity (NA) and positive affectivity (PA) on a broad range of work-related outcomes grouped into 3 categories: (a) work attitudes; (b) workplace experiences; and (c) work behavior. Across cumulative studies, it was found that NA and PA demonstrated significant effects on most of these outcomes. Moreover, we found some interesting differences in NA's and PA's relationships with work outcomes. Specifically, while NA had more influence on variables pertinent to work stressors (e.g., role problems), PA demonstrated a stronger effect on variables related to positive job and organizational context (e.g., job autonomy, procedural justice). Implications for theory advancement and future research in this area are discussed.
Bridge Damage Detection Based on Vibration Data: Past and New Developments

Overtime, the structural condition of bridges tends to decline due to a number of degradation processes, such as creep, corrosion and cyclic loading, among others. Considerable research has been conducted over the years to assess and monitor the rate of such degradation with the aim of reducing structural uncertainty. Traditionally, vibration-based damage detection techniques in bridges have focused on monitoring changes to modal parameters and subsequently comparing them to numerical models. These traditional techniques are generally time consuming and can often mistake changing environmental and operational conditions as structural damage. Recent research has seen the emergence of more advanced computational techniques that not only allow the assessment of noisier and more complex data, but also allow research to veer away from monitoring changes in modal parameters alone. This paper presents a review of the current state-of-the-art developments in vibration based damage detection in small to medium span bridges with particular focus on the utilization of advanced computational methods that avoid traditional damage detection pitfalls. A case study of the S101 Bridge is also presented to test the damage sensitivity a chosen methodology.
Protein kinase C controls activation of the DNA integrity checkpoint

The protein kinase C (PKC) superfamily plays key regulatory roles in numerous cellular processes. Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains a single PKC, Pkc1, whose main function is cell wall integrity maintenance. In this work, we connect the Pkc1 protein to the maintenance of genome integrity in response to genotoxic stresses. Pkc1 and its kinase activity are necessary for the phosphorylation of checkpoint kinase Rad53, histone H2A and Xrs2 protein after deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage, indicating that Pkc1 is required for activation of checkpoint kinases Mec1 and Tel1. Furthermore, Pkc1 electrophoretic mobility is delayed after inducing DNA damage, which reflects that Pkc1 is post-translationally modified. This modification is a phosphorylation event mediated by Tel1. The expression of different mammalian PKC isoforms at the endogenous level in yeast pkc1 mutant cells revealed that PKCδ is able to activate the DNA integrity checkpoint. Finally, downregulation of PKCδ activity in HeLa cells caused a defective activation of checkpoint kinase Chk2 when DNA damage was induced. Our results indicate that the control of the DNA integrity checkpoint by PKC is a mechanism conserved from yeast to humans.
Faculty member perceptions of department head leadership effectiveness at a state university in Turkey

This article examined the leadership effectiveness of department heads at a state university in Turkey using a model of leadership effectiveness that includes the use of multiple leadership roles to manage situations arising from internal and external university environments. Leadership effectiveness was measured by surveying 70 faculty members in three social sciences departments using a modified instrument based on the competing values managerial behaviour framework. The instrument also provided scores ranking the use by department heads of various leadership roles, which were categorized into four leadership functions. The top five leadership roles employed by department heads were: facilitator, producer, driver, innovator and mentor. Leadership functions were positively correlated with one another and with leadership effectiveness. Multiple regression analysis showed that the four leadership functions and the gender of survey respondents were significant predictors of leadership effectiveness. The strongest predictor of leadership effectiveness was the create leadership function, which includes motivator, visionary and innovator leadership roles.
Trace Bench: An Open Data Set for Trace-Oriented Monitoring

User request trace-oriented monitoring is an effective method to improve the reliability of cloud systems. However, there are some difficulties in getting traces in practice, which hinder the development of trace-oriented monitoring research. In this paper, we release a fine-grained user request-centric open trace data set, called Trace Bench, collected on a real world cloud storage system deployed in a real environment. During collecting, many aspects are considered to simulate different scenarios, including cluster size, request type, workload speed, etc. Besides recording the traces when the monitored system is running normally, we also collect the traces under the situation with faults injected. With a mature injection tool, 14 faults are introduced, including function faults and performance faults. The traces in Trace Bench are clustered in different files, where each file corresponds to a certain scenario. The whole collection work lasted for more than half a year, resulting in more than 360, 000 traces in 361 files. In addition, we also employ several applications based on Trace Bench, which validate the helpfulness of Trace Bench for the field of trace-oriented monitoring.
Relationships between milk yield and fertility in dairy cattle.

In three studies of 51,618 Holstein, 6,630 Jersey, and 1,524 Guernsey records, correlation was . 07 between 120-day milk yield and number of services required for probable conception, independent of days postpartum. The partial regression coefficient for Holsteins was . 014 +/- . 001 more services for each additional 100 kg of 120-day milk. For Jerseys and Guernseys, . 028 +/- . 008 more services were required for each additional 100 kg of 120-day milk.
Infusions of 5α‐Pregnan‐3α‐Ol‐20‐One (3α,5α‐THP) to the Ventral Tegmental Area, but not the Substantia Nigra, Enhance Exploratory, Anti‐Anxiety, Social and Sexual Behaviours and Concomitantly Increase 3α,5α‐THP Concentrations in the Hippocampus, Diencephalon and Cortex of Ovariectomised Oestrogen‐Pr

Sequential actions of 17β‐oestradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) mediate sexual behaviour of female rodents. In the presence of appropriate environmental stimuli, E2 and P4 can facilitate initiation of sex behaviour (i.e. lordosis), in part through classic actions at intracellular progestin receptors in the VMH. However, the effects of P4 in the VTA to modulate lordosis involve its metabolite, 5α‐pregnan‐3α‐ol‐20‐one (3α,5α‐THP), which can have paracrine effects in the brain to reduce anxiety and stress. We investigated the effects of 3α,5α‐THP infusions to the VTA, and a control site, the substantia nigra (SN), on exploratory, anti‐anxiety, social and sexual behaviours (socio‐sexual behaviours) and hormone levels in the midbrain and other regions (hippocampus, diencephalon and cortex) that may mediate these functions. Ovariectomised, rats were E2‐primed (10 µg, s.c.) at 0 h and were infused with β‐cyclodextrin vehicle or 3α,5α‐THP to the VTA or SN 44–48 h later. Ten minutes after infusions, rats were tested in the open field, plus maze, partner preference, social interaction and paced mating tasks, or served as nontested controls. Infusions of 3α,5α‐THP to the VTA, but not the SN, increased central entries in the open field, open arm time in the plus maze, time spent in proximity to a male, duration of social interaction, incidence and intensity of lordosis, pacing, proceptivity, and anti‐conflict behaviour. 3α,5α‐THP, but not vehicle, infusions to the VTA (but not the SN) also increased 3α,5α‐THP levels in the midbrain, as well as the hippocampus, diencephalon and cortex. Behavioural testing increased levels of the precursor of 3α,5α‐THP precursor, dihydroprogesterone (DHP). Thus, infusions of 3α,5α‐THP to the VTA enhance socio‐sexual behaviours and increase 3α,5α‐THP levels in the hippocampus, diencephalon and cortex, and behavioural testing increases DHP levels in brain areas involved in modulating socio‐sexual behaviours.
Bringing Work Back In

In this essay we argue that organization theory's effort to make sense of postbureaucratic organizing is hampered by a dearth of detailed studies of work. We review the history of organization theory to show that, in the past, studies of work provided an empirical foundation for theories of bureaucracy, and explain how such research became marginalized or ignored. We then discuss methodological requirements for reintegrating work studies into organization theory and indicate what the conceptual payoffs of such integration might be. These payoffs include breaking new conceptual ground, resolving theoretical puzzles, envisioning organizing processes, and revitalizing old concepts.
Characterization of Lipase from Wild (LPF-5) and Mutant (HN1) Strain of Aspergillus niger

Lipases (triacyl glycerol acylhydrolases, EC 3.1.1.3) belonging to the class Hydrolases catalyze hydrolysis of insoluble triacylglycerols (TAGs) to generate free fatty acids, mono and diacylglycerols and glycerol (Das et al., 2016). Lipases are found in both prokaryotes (bacteria and archaea) as well as in eukaryotes (animals, plants and fungi) (Cai-hong et al., 2008). The most broadly applied lipases are microbial due to their stability and chemical properties (Hasan et al., 2009). Although several microorganisms are recognized as potent producers of lipases (extracellular) including fungi, yeast and bacteria but fungal lipases are being used for diverse applications in biotechnological industries (Sharma and Kanwar, 2014). Extracellular secretion of lipases has been well documented for a variety of fungi (yeasts, zygomycetes and hyphomycetes). Filamentous fungi are preferred sources of lipases among the rest of the lipase producing microorganisms. The main producers of commercial lipases mainly are Rhizopus sp. , Pencillium sp. , Aspergillus sp. , Mucor sp. , Fusarium sp. , Candida International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 5 Number 11 (2016) pp. 681-690 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas. com