Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Soft Glass Equiangular Spiral Photonic Crystal Fiber for Supercontinuum Generation

An equiangular spiral photonic crystal fiber (ES-PCF) design in soft glass is presented that has high nonlinearity ( gamma > 5250 W-1 middot km-1 at 1064 nm and gamma > 2150 W-1 middot km-1 at 1550 nm) with a low and flat dispersion (D ~ 0.8 ps/kmmiddotnm and dispersion slope ~ -0.7 ps/km middot nm2 at 1060 nm). The design inspired by nature is characterized by a full-vectorial finite element method. The ES-PCF presented improves over the mode confinement of triangular core designs and dispersion control of conventional hexagonal PCF, combining the advantages of both designs; it can be an excellent candidate for generating supercontinuum pumped at 1.06 mum.
Curriculum of Initial Teacher Education in Portugal: New Contexts, Old Problems.

Initial teacher education (ITE) has attracted the attention of many researchers worldwide aiming at discussing its curriculum and rationale, but essentially its impact on the education and professional socialisation of pre-service teachers. This paper looks at the major trends in the recent ITE curriculum in the Portuguese context, as a consequence of the Bologna process which has been in place in European universities over recent years. In particular, it analyses the curriculum of ITE, drawing upon both European and national policies, and it discusses, within these new contexts of ITE, some of its key components and remaining problems. The paper ends with some final thoughts in regard to major current issues facing ITE as well as their implications and ways of looking forward.
THE PRE-MERGER IMPACT VELOCITY OF THE BINARY CLUSTER A1750 FROM X-RAY, LENSING, AND HYDRODYNAMICAL SIMULATIONS

Since the discovery of the “Bullet Cluster,” several similar cases have been uncovered that suggest relative velocities well beyond the tail of high speed collisions predicted by the concordance ΛCDM model. However, quantifying such post-merger events with hydrodynamical models requires a wide coverage of possible initial conditions. Here, we show that it is simpler to interpret pre-merger cases, such as A1750, where the gas between the colliding clusters is modestly affected, so that the initial conditions are clear. We analyze publicly available Chandra data confirming a significant increase in the projected X-ray temperature between the two cluster centers in A1750 consistent with our expectations for a merging cluster. We model this system with a self-consistent hydrodynamical simulation of dark matter and gas using the FLASH code. Our simulations reproduce well the X-ray data and the measured redshift difference between the two clusters in the phase before the first core passage viewed at an intermediate projection angle. The deprojected initial relative velocity derived using our model is 1460 km s−1, which is considerably higher than the predicted mean impact velocity for simulated massive haloes derived by recent ΛCDM cosmological simulations, but is within the allowed range. Our simulations demonstrate that such systems can be identified using a multi-wavelength approach and numerical simulations, for which the statistical distribution of relative impact velocities may provide a definitive examination of a broad range of dark matter scenarios.
Work and Unseen Chronic Illness: Silent Voices

Prologue: The Authentic Writer 1. 'Unseen' Illness: An Introduction 2. Methodological Concerns: Heidegger's Contribution 3. A Passage of Trauma 4. Organisational Fringe-Dwellers 5. The Sick Person in the 'Rational' Workplace 6. Stories of Survival 7. Notes from a Survivor-Witness: Postmodernism and a Clearer View Epilogue: A Pause .
Screening of Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Rearrangement by Immunohistochemistry in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: Correlation with Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization

Background: The use of a standard immunohistochemistry (IHC) assay to detect the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) protein in lung cancer is challenging. There are no universally accepted, evidence-based guidelines on identifying patients with ALK-rearranged lung cancer using IHC. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 465 resected specimens of non-small cell lung cancer using a tissue microarray as a test set. ALK protein expression using IHC with 5A4 monoclonal antibody (Novocastra) and ALK gene rearrangement using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with dual-color break-apart probes (Abbott molecular) were examined. Immunoreactivity was scored as 0, 1, 2, or 3, and the results were compared with the FISH results. A diagnostic algorithm was derived from the correlation of the IHC and FISH results and applied to an additional 187 adenocarcinoma samples used as a validation set. Results: In the test set, ALK protein expression was detected in 40 patients (40/465, 8.6%), consisting of IHC scores of 1 (n = 14), 2 (n = 10), and 3 (n = 16), whereas 19 patients (19/453, 4.2%) were FISH-positive. All the FISH-positive patients were assigned IHC scores of 2 or 3. All the patients with ALK IHC scores of 3 were FISH-positive, those with scores of 0 or 1 were FISH-negative, and those with scores of 2 were FISH variable. In the validation set, ALK protein expression was detected in 14 patients (scores of 1, n = 2; scores of 2, n = 6; and scores of 3, n = 6), of which nine patients (9/187, 4.8%) were FISH-positive. All the patients with IHC scores of 0 or 1 were FISH-negative, and those with scores of 3 were FISH- positive. Among the patients with IHC scores of 2, three (3/6, 50%) were FISH-positive. Conclusions: The sensitivity and specificity of IHC was 100% and 95.8%, respectively. These data supported an IHC scoring algorithm in which ALK IHC scores of 0, 1, or 3 were highly compatible with FISH results, and IHC scores of 2 were variable. Based on these findings, the IHC assay using the 5A4 antibody reliably detected non-small cell lung cancer with ALK rearrangement and may be useful as a screening method to identify these tumors.
Water vapor tomography using GPS phase observations: simulation results

Global positioning system (GPS) tropospheric tomography normally requires that the slant wet delays between the GPS satellites and the ground receivers are estimated with high accuracy, which may be difficult given the presence of a number of error sources. This paper presents an alternative approach, namely to estimate the three-dimensional structure of the atmospheric water vapor directly from raw GPS phase observations. The method is tested in a number of simulations, where the impact of network size, the possible horizontal and vertical resolutions, the observation noise, and the inclusion of additional global navigation satellite systems were studied. The simulation results indicate that the refractivity field can be obtained with an accuracy of ~20% or better up to around 4 km with a height resolution of 1 km provided that a sufficient number of receivers and satellites is available
Which vertical search engines are relevant?

Aggregating search results from a variety of heterogeneous sources, so-called verticals, such as news, image and video, into a single interface is a popular paradigm in web search. Current approaches that evaluate the effectiveness of aggregated search systems are based on rewarding systems that return highly relevant verticals for a given query, where this relevance is assessed under different assumptions. It is difficult to evaluate or compare those systems without fully understanding the relationship between those underlying assumptions. To address this, we present a formal analysis and a set of extensive user studies to investigate the effects of various assumptions made for assessing query vertical relevance. A total of more than 20,000 assessments on 44 search tasks across 11 verticals are collected through Amazon Mechanical Turk and subsequently analysed. Our results provide insights into various aspects of query vertical relevance and allow us to explain in more depth as well as questioning the evaluation results published in the literature.
Early Retirement, Mental Health, and Social Networks

This paper explores the inter-relationships between early retirement, mental health – especially cognition - and the size and composition of social networks among older people. While early retirement enables more leisure and relieves stressful job conditions, it also accelerates cognitive decline. We argue in this paper that part of this accelerated cognitive ageing occurs because social networks shrink especially after early retirement. Social contacts are a side effect of employment that keeps workers mentally agile. Social contacts, especially with friends, however, decline gradually after retirement, with an acceleration effect when retirement was early. The paper therefore puts some shade on the popular notion that early retirement is bliss.
Adaptive stereo medical image watermarking using non-corresponding blocks

Today with the advent of technology in different medical imaging fields, the use of stereoscopic images has increased. Furthermore, with the rapid growth in telemedicine for remote diagnosis, treatment, and surgery, there is a need for watermarking. This is for copyright protection and tracking of digital media. Also, the efficient use of bandwidth for transmission of such data is another concern. In this paper an adaptive watermarking scheme is proposed that considers human visual system in depth perception. Our proposed scheme modifies maximum singular values of wavelet coefficients of stereo pair for embedding watermark bits. Experimental results show high 3D visual quality of watermarked video frames. Moreover, comparison with a compatible state of the art method shows that the proposed method is highly robust against attacks such as AWGN, salt and pepper noise, and JPEG compression.
Effects of level of processing on emotional memory: Gist and details

The object of this study was to investigate whether level of processing (LOP) modulates enhanced memory performance for emotional stimuli, and, if so, whether the LOP effects relate to their gist and details. During the study phase, participants were presented with colourful pictures with negative, neutral and positive valences and encoded the emotional pictures under either a semantic (living/non-living judgement) or a perceptual (left/right position judgement) condition. During the test phase, they judged whether the presented picture was old or new in Experiments 1 and 2, and also judged whether a specific concept, labelled using words, had been studied in Experiment 2. The results showed that under both encoding conditions, the details of both negative and positive pictures were recognised better than those of neutral pictures. Also, the gist of negative pictures was recognised better than that of neutral pictures but only under the semantic condition. These data provide evidence that the LOP differentially modulates enhanced emotional memory for gist and details of pictures.
IN VIVO STUDIES ON THE UPTAKE AND BINDING OF β‐LACTAM ANTIBIOTICS IN RELATION TO INHIBITION OF WALL SYNTHESIS AND CELL DEATH *

The purpose of this paper is to consider whether the penicillin that rapidly and irreversibly binds to living cells is responsible for the killing of the cells, and if so, whether it does so by inactivation of murein transpeptidase. I t has been known since 1949 that penicillin was bound specifically and irreversibly to sensitive bacteria, such as staphylococci, but that penicillin did not bind to an insensitive organism, such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae. ’ The amount bound was about 1000 molecules of penicillin per cell. The studies of Cooper . 4 imply that most of the penicillin was bound to the cell membrane. Other early observations suggested that the penicillin was bound covalently by an ester-like linkage and that the specific binding was related to the biological activity of penicillin. Proof that the irreversibly bound penicillin was responsible for the biological activity of penicillin was lacking, though. that penicillin inhibits murein transpeptidase, the enzyme that cross-links murein to form a functional cell wall, it seemed feasible to investigate the role of bound penicillin further. The two questions we sought to answer were :
Decomposing Description Logic Ontologies

Recent years have seen the advent of large and complex ontologies, most notably in the medical domain. As a consequence, structuring mechanisms for ontologies are nowadays viewed as an indispensible tool. A basic such mechanism is the automatic decomposition of the vocabulary of an ontology into independent parts. In this paper, we study decompositions that are syntax independent in the sense that the resulting partitioning depends only on the meaning of the vocabulary items, but not on the concrete syntactic form of the axioms in the ontology. We present the first systematic investigation of decompositions of this type in the context of ontologies. Specifically, we focus on ontologies formulated in description logics and provide a variety of results that range from theorems stating the existence of unique finest decompositions to complexity results and algorithms computing decompositions. We also investigate the relationship between the existence of unique finite decompositions and a variant of the Craig interpolation property called parallel interpolation.
The Molecular Mechanisms of Regulation on USP2's Alternative Splicing and the Significance of Its Products

Ubiquitin-specific protease 2 (USP2) has a regulatory function in cell growth or death and is involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. USP2 gene can generate 7 splicing variants through alternative splicing, and 5 variants respectively as USP2-201, USP2-202, USP2-204, USP2-205, USP2-206 can encode proteins. The influence of circadian rhythm, nutrition and androgen on specific signaling molecules or cytokines can regulate the alternative splicing of USP2. Specifically, PKC activator, IL-1β, TNF-α, PDGF-BB, TGF-β1 are all regulatory factors for USP2's alternative splicing. USP2-201 plays a crucial role in cell cycle progression, and is also of great significance in EGFR recycling. USP2-202 can activate apoptosis signaling pathway to participate in cell apoptosis, and USP2-204 can induce cell anti-virus reaction to decrease. In general, we collect and summarize the factors involved in the alternative splicing of USP2 in this review to further understand the mechanism behind the USP2's alternative splicing.
A Model Checking based Converter Synthesis Approach for Embedded Systems

Protocol conversion problem involves identifying whether two or more protocols can be composed with or without an intermediary, referred to as a converter, to obtain a pre-specified desired behavior. We investigate this problem in formal setting and propose, for the first time, a temporal logic based automatic solution to the convertibility verification and synthesis. At its core, our technique is based on local model checking technique and determines the existence of the converter and if a converter exists, it is automatically synthesized. A number of key features of our technique distinguishes it from all existing formal and/or informal techniques. Firstly, we handle both data and control mismatches (for the first time), using a single unifying model checking based solution. Secondly, the proposed approach uses temporal logic for the specification of correct behaviors (unlike earlier automaton based specifications) which is both elegant and natural to express event ordering and data-matching requirements. Finally, we have have experimented extensively with the examples available in the existing literature to evaluate the applicability of our technique in wide range of applications.
Women, Work, and Globalization. Challenges and Opportunities

Women, Work, and Globalization: Challenges and . Sat, 15 Jun 2019 12:51:00 GMT Women, Work, and Globalization: Challenges and Opportunities 1st Edition Women increasingly make up a significant percentage of the labor force throughout the world. This transformation is impacting everyone’s lives. (PDF) Mercedes Sánchez-Apellániz , (2015),"Women, Work . Sat, 29 Jun 2019 20:41:00 GMT Challenges and Opportunities by Bahira Sherif Trask addresses the relationship between the globalization process and its impacts on women’s paid and unpaid work and their life and families, from . [PDF Download] Women Work and Globalization: Challenges . Thu, 13 Jun 2019 15:16:00 GMT Download [PDF] Women, Work, and Globalization: Challenges and Opportunities New Book. Kpfscbfay. 0:24 [PDF] Women, Work, and Globalization: Challenges and Opportunities Popular Colection. Francesco Jalmari. 0:19. Download [PDF] Women, Work, and Globalization: Challenges and Opportunities Online Book . Big Deals Women, Work, and Globalization .
Management of Vasospastic Disorders with Botulinum Toxin A

Background: Surgical digital artery sympathectomy is indicated when medical management has failed to control rest pain, impending infarction of digits, or healing of ischemic ulcerations caused by profound vasospasm that is associated with other systemic diseases. After digital artery sympathectomy, recurrence or persistence of vasospasm may compromise hand function and ultimately result in amputation of all or portions of both lower and upper extremities. Methods: The authors present a case series of 11 patients with vasospasm producing intractable rest pain, digital ulcerations, and digit infarctions that failed aggressive medical therapy and that were then treated by perivascular injections of botulinum toxin A (Botox). Before Botox injection, the level of pain, cutaneous temperatures, color, and ulcerations and infarctions were documented Results: The authors' longest follow-up was 30 months. All patients reported highly significant pain reduction, 10 of 10 to 0 to 2 of 10, within 24 to 48 hours after injection, persisting for months after the injection. Nine of 11 patients with nonhealing ulcers spontaneously healed small ulcers and areas of infarction after surgical debridement. Two cases required small skin grafts. Nine of 11 patients reported decreased severity and frequency of vasospastic episodes. Conclusions: Hand injection of botulinum toxin A appears to be an effective treatment for intractable digital ulcerations and rest pain in patients with severe vasospastic disorders. Because of the complexity of surgical digital artery sympathectomy along with its associated high risk of persistent symptoms, the authors conclude that the therapeutic use of botulinum toxin A injections represents an attractive alternative therapy.
The Initial Stage of Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats is Manifested by a Decrease in the QRS Amplitude/Left Ventricular Mass Ratio

In this study we tested the hypothesis of the relative voltage deficit, i.e. the discrepancy between increased left ventricular mass (LVM) and QRS amplitudes, in an experimental model of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) during the period of a moderate increase in blood pressure. To address this issue we recorded orthogonal electrocardiograms of male SHR at the age of 12 and 20 weeks. During this period the systolic blood pressure (sBP) increased from 165 ± 3 mmHg to 195 ± 1 mmHg (p < 0.001). Age and sex matched WKY rats were used as control groups. The sBP values in WKY normotensive control groups were within normal limits (122 ± 8 mmHg and 130 ± 4mmHg, respectively). The maximum QRS spatial vector magnitude (QRSmax) was calculated from X, Y, Z amplitudes of the orthogonal electrocardiograms. The animals were sacrificed and the left ventricular mass was weight. The specific potential of myocardium (SP) was calculated as a ratio of QRSmax to LVM. The LVM in SHR (0.86 ± 0.05 g and 1.05 ± 0.07 g, respectively) was significantly higher as compared to WKY (0.65 ± 0.07 g and 0.70 ± 0.02 g), and the increase of LVM closely correlated with the sBP increase. On the other hand, QRSmax in SHR did not follow either the increase of sBP, or LVM. The QRSmax values in SHR did not differ from those of WKY at the age of 12 weeks (0.59 ± 0.14 mV compared to 0.46 ± 0.05 mV), and they were even lower in SHR at the age of 20 weeks (0.74 ± 0.08 mV compared to 0.44 ± 0.05 mV, p < 0.001). The values of SP, quantifying the relative voltage deficit, were significantly lower in SHR as compared to the WKY control. The values decreased significantly in SHR with increasing age, sBP and LVM, i.e., with the progression of hypertrophic remodeling of the left ventricle. The results of this study support the hypothesis of the relative voltage deficit in LVH. These results are consistent with the finding of a high number of false negative ECG results in clinical ECG diagnostics of LVH, and could contribute to an understanding of the diagnostic importance of the false negative ECG results, their re‐evaluation and utilization for clinical diagnosis and prognosis.
Enhancing Resources at the Workplace with Health-Promoting Leadership

Leaders engaging in health-promoting leadership can influence their employees’ health directly by showing health awareness or indirectly by changing working conditions. With health-promoting leadership, leaders are able to support a healthy working environment by providing resource-oriented working conditions for their employees to support their health. Changing working conditions in a health-supportive way can prevent possible negative consequences from critical working conditions (e.g., burnout risk). The present study examined the relationship between health-promoting leadership and the employees’ resources, stress and burnout. To analyze our proposed model, structural equation modelling was conducted in two samples. The resulting model from the first sample of 228 Austrian workers was cross-validated and could be verified with the second sample (N = 263 Austrian workers). The results supported a model in which health-promoting leadership has a strong direct effect on the employees’ resources and an indirect effect on stress and burnout, which was mediated by resources. The results indicate that health-promoting leadership describes the leaders’ capability and dedication creating the right working conditions for their employees by increasing the employees’ resources at the workplace. This in turn minimizes the risk of experiencing burnout.