Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Attachment Formation Following Replantation of Cultured Cells into Periodontal Defects—a Study in Minipigs

Regeneration processes in the periodontium occur by the interaction of different cell populations. It is known that these cells are also capable of forming new periodontal tissue after culture in vitro. The present study investigated whether replanted cultured cells from the periodontium could contribute to attachment formation. Primary cell cultures from alveolar bone and periodontal ligament were obtained from 11 minipigs. Experimentally induced furaction and interdental defects (n = 168) were treated in groups: (a) flap surgery, replantation of alveolar bone cells, and covering of the defects with Teflon membranes (ABC group); (b) flap surgery, replantation of periodontal ligament cells and membranes (PLC group); (c) flap surgery, bone gelatin (carrier material) and membranes (BG group); (d) flap surgery and membranes (NBG group); (e) flap surgery (FS group); and (f) no treatment (NT group). The defects were clinically and histologically (polyfluorochrome labeling) assessed after 10, 30, and 90 days. In the ABC group, initial calcified tissue formation at the roots was apparent after only 8 days. Marked new formation of cementum and alveolar bone and the development of a new attachment were observed after 90 days. In the BG and the NBG groups, wound healing varied depending on membrane healing and the morphology of the defects, which led to significantly poorer and variable results. Similar results were found in the PLC group, although some defects showed extensive cementum and bone formation. Defects in the FS and the NT groups healed largely by epithelialization. The study shows that replantation of cultured alveolar bone cells leads to formation of new cementum and bone, which, in turn, leads to formation of a new attachment. It is likely that the cells stabilize the tissue formation in the defect or on the root surface in the early phase of wound healing and prevent epithelial downgrowth. Results also show that regeneration in the periodontium is determined by the availability of (precursor) cells capable of forming calcified tissues.
Abelian groups with contractions I

On the value group of nonarchimedean exponential elds with respect to their natural valuation, the exponential induces a map called contraction. A corresponding theory of abelian groups with contractions is axioma-tized and, by a detailed study of their algebraic properties, shown to be model complete, complete, decidable and to admit quantiier elimination. Finally, other concepts of contractions are discussed.
The Role of RSV Infection in Asthma Initiation and Progression: Findings in a Mouse Model

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a common cause of severe lower respiratory tract diseases (bronchiolitis and pneumonia) during infancy and early childhood. There is increasing evidence which indicates that severe pulmonary disease caused by RSV infection in infancy is associated with recurrent wheezing and development of asthma later in childhood. However, the underlying mechanisms linking RSV infection to persistent airway hyperresponsiveness and dysfunction are not fully defined. To study these processes in ways which are not available in humans, animal models have been established and have provided valuable insight into the pathophysiology of RSV-induced disease. In this paper, we discuss experimental models of RSV infection in mice and highlight a new investigative approach in which mice are initially infected as neonates and then reinfected later in life. The findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying the association between early severe RSV infection and development of asthma later in childhood.
A Monotonicity Formula on Complete K ¨ Ahler Manifolds with Nonnegative Bisectional Curvature

In this paper, we derive a new monotonicity formula for the plurisuhbarmonic functions on complete Kähler manifolds with nonnegative bisectional curvature. As applications we derive the sharp estimates for the dimension of the spaces of holomorphic functions (sections) with polynomial growth, which in particular, partially solves a conjecture of Yau. §0 Introduction. In [Y], Yau proposed to study the uniformization of complete Kähler manifolds with nonnegative curvature. In particular, one wishes to determine if a complete Kähler manifold M with positive bisectional curvature is biholomorphic to C or not. For this sake, it was further asked in [Y] that if the the ring of the holomorphic functions with polynomial growth, which we denote by OP (M), is finitely generated or not, and if the dimension of the spaces of holomorphic functions of polynomial growth is bounded from above by the dimension of the corresponding spaces of polynomials on C or not. This paper addresses the later question. We denote by Od(M) the space of holomorphic functions of polynomial growth with degree d. (See Section 3 for the precise definition.) Then OP (M) = ⋃ d≥0 Od(M). In this paper, we show that Theorem 0.1. Let M be a complete Kähler manifold with nonnegative holomorphic bisectional curvature. Assume that M is of maximum volume growth. Then (0.1) dimC(Od(M)) ≤ dimC(O[d](C)). Here [d] is the greatest integer less than or equal to d. Denote Vo(r) the volume of the ball of radius r centered at o. For manifolds with nonnegative Ricci curvature, Vo(r) r2m is monotone decreasing by the Bishop volume comparison theorem. M is called to have the maximum volume growth if limr→∞ Vo(r) r2m > 0. Although we have not quite proved the finite generation for the ring OP (M), we can show that the quotient field generated by OP (M) is finitely generated. In fact, we obtain the following dimension estimate for the general case. Research partially supported by NSF grant DMS-0328624, USA.
Effects of Individual, Spousal, and Offspring Socioeconomic Status on Mortality Among Elderly People in China

Background The relationship between socio-economic status and health among elderly people has been well studied, but less is known about how spousal or offspring’s education affects mortality, especially in non-Western countries. We investigated these associations using a large sample of Chinese elderly. Methods The data came from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS) from the years 2005 to 2011 (n = 15 355, aged 65–105 years at baseline; 5046 died in 2008, and 2224 died in 2011). Educational attainment, occupational status, and household income per capita were used as indicators of socio-economic status. Spousal and offspring’s education were added into the final models. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to study mortality risk by gender. Results Adjusted for age, highly educated males and females had, on average, 29% and 37% lower mortality risk, respectively, than those with a lower education. Particularly among men, this effect was observed among those whose children had intermediate education only. A higher household income was also associated with lower mortality risk among the elderly. Male elderly living with a well-educated spouse (HR 0.79; 95% CI, 0.64–0.99) had a lower mortality risk than those living with a low-educated spouse. Conclusions Both the socio-economic status of the individual and the educational level of a co-resident spouse or child are associated with mortality risk in elderly people. The socio-economic position of family members plays an important role in producing health inequality among elderly people.
Work and Volunteering: Longitudinal Relationships between Work‐Related Experiences and Volunteering Behaviour

This study examines the effect of work‐related experiences on employees’ engagement in community volunteering, using data from a British longitudinal panel of employees. Using a novel analytical approach that separates variation in volunteering due to within‐person changes in work conditions from variation due to between‐person work differences, we more robustly test existing and new hypotheses about the effects of work on volunteering. New to this literature, we find that commuting and satisfaction with job experiences are significant predictors of community volunteering, both the likelihood to volunteer and volunteering frequency. In turn, volunteering determinants previously explored with cross‐sectional data, such as managerial and professional jobs, employment sector and hourly paid contracts, are no longer statistically significant in the within‐person models. We discuss a number of important theoretical and practical consequences of these findings.
Fears , Phobias and Disgust Related to Bees and other Arthropods

Fears and phobias exist related to bees, spiders and other small arthropods; however, there are few studies to date which analyse differing views about various arthropods in relation to their potential dangers and ecological and economical benefits, especially the honey bee. Knowledge of these issues could help to improve potential conflicts between beekeepers and their anxious neighbours. We assessed attitudes towards various arthropods—wasps, hornets, bees, woodlouse (slater, sowbug) and ladybirds—based on earlier questionnaires concerning spider phobia in 223 randomly selected participants, and related them to personality factors assessed by various standardized questionnaires. Furthermore, we determined the perceived mortality risk arising from the potential threat of various arthropods in relation to various other causes of death, and compared the data to the exact figures supplied by the German Federal Office for Statistics.
The Institutional Challenges of Payment for Ecosystem Service Program in China: A Review of the Effectiveness and Implementation of Sloping Land Conversion Program

This study is an overview of the effectiveness and institutional challenges of China’s Sloping Land Conversion Program (SLCP). The SLCP is the Chinese government’s largest Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) program and one of the largest PES programs in the world. From an institutional perspective, the SLCP is particularly interesting because it represents a hybrid governance type that includes both voluntary and hierarchical (top-down) elements rather than traditional command-and-control approach. Our analysis is based on a literature review that encompasses 164 international scientific articles. To identify institutional challenges, we linked the results regarding the effectiveness of the program to its institutional aspects. Our SLCP case study highlights the dependence of the effectiveness of a governmental PES program on the specific regulatory institutional setting and the particular actors involved. Our results show that some institutional challenges undermine the anticipated advantages of PES (local participation) and eventually reshape the program outcomes through implementation process, particularly in cases of hybrid governance structures in which institutional requirements are as important as the design of the specific financial incentives. The collaboration between relevant government actors at different hierarchical levels, and specifically the motivations and interests of the government actors responsible for the implementation on the ground, play crucial roles. The SLCP can be an important milestone in environmental policy in China and the world, if more innovative elements of a theoretically ideal PES—such as local flexibility and self-interest (or at least the acceptance of the service providers supplying the relevant ecosystem services) can be strengthened. The environmental goals can be achieved in combination with greater self-interest of the applicable government actors on all hierarchical levels.
The role of working memory in sport

The concept of working memory has received a great deal of attention in the last couple of decades and discussions of working memory are now common in almost all branches of psychology, including cognitive, clinical, social, developmental, and educational settings. Therefore, it is surprising that the concept of working memory has received a lot less attention in the field of sport psychology compared to other branches of psychology, especially since research in sport psychology has increasingly incorporated cognitive concepts such as attention, perception and decision-making, which are purported to rely heavily on working memory. Thus, it is essential, in our opinion, to systematically investigate the working memory system in the field of sports, which offers a fruitful domain to explore the validity of models developed in other fields. This review provides an overview of working memory theory and discusses its relevance in sport psychology. We end the review by giving an outlook of potentially fruitful research areas on working memory in sport.
Synthesis and Characterization of Hybrid Molecularly Imprinted Polymer (MIP) Membranes for Removal of Methylene Blue (MB)

This work reports the synthesis and characterization of a hybrid molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) membrane for removal of methylene blue (MB) in an aqueous environment. MB-MIP powders were hybridized into a polymer membrane (cellulose acetate (CA) and polysulfone (PSf)) after it was ground and sieved (using 90 µm sieve). MB-MIP membranes were prepared using a phase inversion process. The MB-MIP membranes were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). Parameters investigated for the removal of MB by using membrane MB-MIP include pH, effect of time, concentration of MB, and selectivity studies. Maximum sorption of MB by PSf-MB-MIP membranes and CA-MB-MIP membranes occurred at pH 10 and pH 12, respectively. The kinetic study showed that the sorption of MB by MB-MIP membranes (PSf-MB-MIP and CA-MB-MIP) followed a pseudo-second-order-model and the MB sorption isotherm can be described by a Freundlich isotherm model.
Prenatal specification and target induction underlie the enrichment of calcitonin gene-related peptide in the trigeminal ganglion neurons projecting to the cerebral vasculature

The neurotransmitter calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) is enriched in the adult rat trigeminal visceral projection to the cerebral arteries compared both to other neurotransmitters in this projection and to the percentage of CGRP-positive trigeminal cells projecting to cutaneous targets. In colchicine-treated ganglia approximately 30% of adult trigeminal ganglion cells projecting to the middle cerebral artery contain CGRP. Several possible developmental mechanisms underlying this enrichment were investigated. Some of this enrichment is accounted for by a prenatal selection of CGRP cells in the cerebrovascular projection. The remainder of the enrichment can be explained by a late (postnatal days 55–-90)target-induced expression of CGRP in some trigeminal neurons innervating cerebral arteries. Most surprisingly, the massive postnatal regression in the trigeminal projection to the cerebral arteries (between postnatal days 5 and 55, cell death and axon retraction delete 3/4 of the neurons that innervate the middle cerebral artery neonatally) has no role in the CGRP enrichment in the cells remaining at maturity in this projection. These regressive events appear to affect equally the CGRP-positive and CGRP-negative populations. However, axon retraction is involved in the postnatal loss of CGRP enrichment seen in 1 small subpopulation of the trigeminal projection. Each trigeminal cell in this population sends axon collaterals to both the cerebral artery and the forehead skin neonatally, and then later most of these dually projecting neurons retract only their artery collaterals but do not die. A low percentage of CGRP-containing neurons does not appear to predate artery collateral retraction. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Creating machine readable men: legitimizing the 'Aadhaar' mega e-infrastructure project in India

Mega infrastructure projects require considerable financial and human resources. Their costs are hard to justify, especially in low-income countries, and their sustenance depends to a large extent on their success in gaining political and public legitimacy. This paper examines one such project in India -- 'Aadhaar' -- developed to provide biometric-based identification for the 1.2 billion residents of India. Since its initiation in 2010, the project has issued more than 320 million identification numbers. Aadhaar is India's first state-sponsored e-infrastructure mega project and is unique for its survival in the face of severe opposition. We argue that the project survived because its proponents were able to legitimize it by showcasing its promise of poverty reduction and financial inclusion, and by making it a metaphor for progress and development. We compare the project with two mega projects undertaken earlier in India -- the railroad network and a dam project -- and find that Aadhaar's digital infrastructure made the use of symbolism harder, thereby requiring different strategies to gain legitimacy.
The Influence of Trust and subjective Norms on Citizens Intentions to Engage in E-participation on E-government Websites

Advancements in web technology have revolutionised the way citizens interact with governments. Unlike traditional methods of communication between citizens and governments, E-Participation via e-government websites enhances communication and enables citizens to become actively involved in the policy-making process. Despite the growing importance of e-participation, the potential factors influencing citizens engagement in e-participation have not been the subject of investigation. Using responses obtained from Saudi citizens, this study examines a number of factors that may influence the intentions of citizens to engage in e-participation activities on e-government websites. The results suggest that the factors of trust and subjective norms have a significant impact on the intentions of citizens to engage in e-participation activities.
“You Intimidate Me” as a Microaggressive Controlling Image to Discipline Womyn of Color Faculty

ABSTRACT This essay rectifies limitations in existing microaggression literature by theorizing a particular controlling image as microaggressive. A controlling image operating within the academy is “you’re intimidating,” which carries representational meanings about Others that seeks to discipline womyn of color faculty. The intersectional nature of the controlling image is mired in power and contextual factors that reflect a racial–gendered microaggression. Explicating this argument draws on memorable messages from the author’s experiences. The force of the microaggressive controlling image rests on its expression and representation, which suggests a mutually informing and reinforcing dialectic. This essay advances understanding about controlling images, contributes to published literature on microaggressions via a communication lens simultaneously, and theorizes an intersectional microaggresssion that extends current literature.
Theoretical and methodological approaches to studying recurrent processing in the human brain using transcranial magnetic stimulation

The experiments presented in thesis aimed to investigate how communication takes between and within different brain regions. A particular focus was on predictive coding frameworks, which may explain how information is fed forward and backward within the human brain (Rao & Ballard, 1999; Friston, 2005; Lamme & Roelfsema, 2000). Early visual cortex (EVC) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) were subjected to transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in order to reveal when, and under what cognitive contexts, these two sites accomplish fundamental visual processes. Behavioural paradigms that manipulate and measure constituent cognitive functions were developed in order to test the critical premises of predictive coding. Since the main experiments were publicly pre-registered, a new approach for simulating data for a priori planning of statistical analyses in TMS studies was also developed. Results indicate that the temporal positions of EVC-and DLPFC-TMS induced effects occur at the same time. Results also indicate that the familiarity (or frequency) at which a target appears could be a determined of the duration of processing within EVC. The results also reveal a series of methodological considerations that should be taken into account when relying on a probabilistic experimental manipulation to probe the existence of predictive coding.
The prevalence and correlates of information seeking anxiety in postgraduate students 1

This study aims to determine the prevalence and correlates of information seeking anxiety among a group of postgraduate students at a research-intensive university in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The 38-item Information Seeking Anxiety Scale was administered to 375 postgraduate students drawn from a population of 11000 using stratified random sampling method. Results of the study revealed that information seeking anxiety is a prevalent phenomenon among postgraduate students. Different levels (low, mild, moderate and severe) of information seeking anxiety were reported to have experienced by 96.5% of the postgraduate students studied. Among the various demographic factors, gender, level of study, age and frequency of library use were found to be correlates of information seeking anxiety. Conversely, no associations were found between various subscales of the information seeking anxiety and nationality, information literacy skills instruction received, academic major and frequency of the Internet use. The implications of the findings are discussed.
The Effect of Dynamic Assessment on Elementary EFL Learners’ Listening Comprehension through Mediational Strategies

The present study concentrated on the theoretical and methodological issues at the intersection of second language acquisition, language pedagogy and socio-cultural theory (SCT) which were proposed by Vygotsky (1978). One of the offsprings of SCT is dynamic assessment (DA) emanating from Vygotsky’s socio-cultural theory which has a long history in applied linguistics but has been the hot topic of EFL studies recently. Dynamic assessment promotes language development; it assumes that mental activities are mediated by psychological instruments. Dynamic assessment has received considerable attention from researchers over the last three decades culminating in many studies which have been conducted on the effect of DA on language skills, but a few studies have focused on the effect of dynamic assessment on listening comprehension, and the unclear results have prompted the researchers to capitalize upon the impact of dynamic assessment on the listening comprehension. Therefore, the present study aimed to expand traditional understanding of listening assessment in foreign language contexts and pertain dynamic assessment to the development of learners’ listening ability. To do so, thirty six elementary Iranian students studying English as a foreign language ranging in age from 12 to 17 took part in the present study. They were selected among the seventy students who participated in Oxford Quick Placement Test who were then divided into one dynamic group, one non-dynamic group, and one control group. The analysis of one-way ANOVA and Tukey test demonstrated that the dynamic group outperformed both non-dynamic and control groups, but the nondynamic group did not have a better performance than the control group. Finally, according to the findings, language teachers are recommended to use the meditational strategies and also care about the learner’s potential. Furthermore, teachers are suggested to apply more DA approaches in their classes in a more systematic way rather than the traditional kind of testing which concentrates only on the learning product.