Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Generating H.264/AVC Compliant Bitstreams for Lightweight Decoding Operation Suitable for Mobile Multimedia Systems

In this work, we propose novel encoder algorithms for the state-of-the-art video coding standard H.264, to generate decoder friendly video bitstreams. Using the proposed algorithms, it is possible to generate bitstreams requiring significantly less decoding complexity, with negligible effect on picture quality. This is achieved by using novel algorithms for mode decision and motion estimation that bias easy-to-decode motion vectors in a rate-distortion optimized fashion. Experimental results show that, more than 15% decoding complexity reduction is achieved with less than a 0.1 dB penalty on the average video quality. We believe that this approach has potential in various use cases especially in mobile multimedia systems, where the video decoder operation is often dominating the handsets power consumption
Personal Branding of Anies Baswedan Through Facebook And Twitter Account: Study Of Image Grid Analysis in Banjarmasin Society Aged 17 – 24 Years

This research aimed was the grid of personal branding image of Anies Baswedan through Facebook and Twitter account on Banjarmasin society. This research used quantitative approach with descriptive type. The population was Banjarmasin society aged 17-24 years old. Sample that taken was 399 people, sample retrieval techniques used cluster random sampling. The method of data collection used questionnaire and observation, while the method of data analysis used image analysis grid by Kotler with the degree of trust was 95%. The results of the research, personal branding image of anies baswedan on familiarity scale is 74,44% or 297 respondents from 399 respondent of total samples, categorized on less know about Anies Baswedan. That means only 25,56% or 102 respondents who know him. Based on favorability scale there were 76,25% or 77 respondents from 102 respondents who know Anis Baswedan, categorized him as a good image of personal branding. Based on grid analysis model Anis Baswedan’s Personal Branding are less known and good image. That means personal branding image of anies baswedan was located on grid B, that was the assessment of respondents about Anies Baswedan was he does not well known but he has a good image.
The Short-Hard GRB 051103: Observations and Implications for Its Nature

The bright short-hard GRB 051103 was triangulated by the Inter-Planetary Network and found to occur in the direction of the nearby M81/M82 galaxy group. Given its possible local-universe nature, we searched for an afterglow associated with this burst. We observed the entire 3 σ error quadrilateral using the Palomar 60 inch robotic telescope and the Very Large Array (VLA) about 3 days after the burst. We used the optical and radio observations to constrain the flux of any afterglow related to this burst and to show that this burst is not associated with a typical supernova out to z ≈ 0.15. Our optical and radio observations, along with the Konus/Wind gamma-ray energy and light curve, are consistent with this burst being a giant flare of a soft gamma-ray repeater (SGR) within the M81 galaxy group. Furthermore, we find a star-forming region associated with M81 within the error quadrilateral of this burst, which supports the SGR hypothesis. If confirmed, this will be the first case of a soft gamma-ray repeater outside the Local Group.
Citation Problems of Chinese MA Theses and Pedagogical Implications

The use of citations constitutes a great difficulty for Chinese MA students. Based upon a detailed study of a corpus of 100 MA thesis introductions written by Chinese students in English, the present study aims to find the main problems of this group of students in handling citations. Findings show that (1) some students lack awareness of the importance of citation for the purpose of creating their research space in the introduction part of their most important academic writing, the MA theses; (2) Chinese MA students tend to use one citation pattern and a reluctance to use the other patterns. Regarding the use of reporting verbs and verb tenses, Chinese students also show a preference for a limited number of verbs, and a predominating use of the Present Simple tense, indicating that these students do not have sufficient skills in employing citations appropriately; (3) Chinese students tend to overuse citations as authoritative support for their own work, with little critical evaluation of previous research. To ensure the effective use of citations, genre-based teaching of citations is suggested, through both explicit teaching and the practice of analyzing mature writing as well as the writing itself.
Complement Inhibition as a Proposed Neuroprotective Strategy following Cardiac Arrest

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a devastating disease process with neurological injury accounting for a disproportionate amount of the morbidity and mortality following return of spontaneous circulation. A dearth of effective treatment strategies exists for global cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (GCI/R) injury following successful resuscitation from OHCA. Emerging preclinical as well as recent human clinical evidence suggests that activation of the complement cascade plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of GCI/R injury following OHCA. In addition, it is well established that complement inhibition improves outcome in both global and focal models of brain ischemia. Due to the profound impact of GCI/R injury following OHCA, and the relative lack of effective neuroprotective strategies for this pathologic process, complement inhibition provides an exciting opportunity to augment existing treatments to improve patient outcomes. To this end, this paper will explore the pathophysiology of complement-mediated GCI/R injury following OHCA.
VARIABLE SELECTION FOR REGRESSION MODELS

SUMMARY. A simple method for subset selection of independent variables in regression models is proposed. We expand the usual regression equation to an equation that incorporates all possible subsets of predictors by adding indicator variables as parameters. The vector of indicator variables dictates which predictors to include. Several choices of priors can be employed for the unknown regression coefficients and the unknown indicator parameters. The posterior distribution of the indicator vector is approximated by means of the Markov Chain Monte Carlo algorithm. We select subsets with high posterior probabilities. In addition to linear models, we consider generalized linear models. Many methods have been proposed for selecting suitable predictors in mul tiple regression. Classical methods for variable selection include backward elim ination, forward selection, and stepwise regression. They sequentially delete or add predictors by means of mean squared error or modified mean squared er ror criteria. Various Bayesian methods have also been proposed. They include model determination by means of the following criteria: Bayesian information criterion (BIC, Schwarz, 1978), asymptotic information criterion (AIC, Akaike, 1974), Bayes factor, and pseudo-Bayes factor. But the power explosion of the number of possible submodels (2P) being considered for p predictors often hand icaps the computation. A more automatic data driven tool is needed for the data analyst to identify a parsimonious model. Mitchell and Beauchamp(1988) proposed a Bayesian variable selection method assuming the prior distribution of each regression coefficient is a mixture of a point mass at 0 and a diffuse uniform distribution elsewhere. They also review other methods. Recently, George and McCulloch (1993) proposed a stochastic
Semi-automated video logging by incremental and transfer learning

We describe a semi-automatic video logging system, capable of annotating frames with semantic metadata describing the objects present. The system learns by visual examples provided interactively by the logging operator, which are learned incrementally to provide increased automation over time. Transfer learning is initially used to bootstrap the system using relevant visual examples from ImageNet. We adapt the hard-assignment Bag of Word strategy for object recognition to our interactive use context, showing transfer learning to significantly reduce the degree of interaction required.
Effect of emotional intelligence on adolescent adjustment

The aim of this Study is to find out the Effect of Emotional Intelligence on adolescent adjustment was was concluded on 120 respondents selected {60 boys and 60 girls} from different school of Kanpur. Two standardized test “test of emotional intelligence designed by Dr. S.K. Mangal and Mrs. Shubhra Mangal (2004) were used To assess the emotional intelligence of the adolescents and Adjustment inventory for school student designed by A.K. P. Sinha and R.P Singh) were used to assess the adjustment level of adolescents. It was found that emotional intelligence of girls was higher than boys and adjustment of boys was higher than girls. We concluded that emotional intelligence were effected the adjustment.
Human papillomavirus type 16 infections and 2-year absolute risk of cervical precancer in women with equivocal or mild cytologic abnormalities.

BACKGROUND The 2-year absolute risk for cervical precancer attributable to infection by human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16), the most common and oncogenic HPV type, in the millions of women diagnosed annually with equivocal or mildly abnormal cytology has not been definitively evaluated. METHODS Baseline cervical specimens of 5060 women with equivocal (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance [ASCUS]) or mildly abnormal (low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion [LSIL]) cytology were tested for HPV DNA using Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2) and type-specific L1 consensus primer polymerase chain reaction. We calculated absolute risks with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for cumulative diagnosis, during the 2-year study period, of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 (CIN3) (n = 535) or cancer (n = 7) (collectively referred to as > or = CIN3) and compared risk by HPV16 status and by other oncogenic HPV types using logistic regression. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS The baseline prevalences of HPV16 in women with ASCUS or LSIL cytology were 14.9% and 21.1%, respectively. Women with ASCUS or LSIL cytology who were HPV16 DNA positive at baseline had 2-year cumulative absolute risks for > or = CIN3 of 32.5% (95% CI = 28.4% to 36.8%) and 39.1% (95% CI = 33.8% to 44.7%), respectively. By comparison, women with ASCUS who were positive by HC2 for other oncogenic HPV types combined had an 8.4% (95% CI = 6.9% to 10.4%) risk for > or = CIN3, which was similar to the risk posed by having ASCUS (risk = 8.8%, 95% CI = 7.9% to 9.8%) without knowledge of the oncogenic HPV DNA status. Women with LSILs who were positive by HC2 for other oncogenic HPV types combined had a 9.9% (95% CI = 8.0% to 12.0%) 2-year risk for > or = CIN3, which was less than the risk posed by having LSILs (risk = 15.0%, 95% CI = 13.3% to 16.9%) without knowledge of the oncogenic HPV DNA status. Together, women with ASCUS or LSILs who were HPV16-positive had the highest 2-year risk for > or = CIN3 compared with women who were HPV-negative (odds ratio [OR] = 38, 95% CI = 22 to 68; P < .001 ), fivefold greater than the increased risk in women who were positive for other oncogenic HPV types (OR = 7.2, 95%CI = 4.2 to 13, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Distinguishing the high absolute risk for cervical precancer in HPV16-positive women from the lower risk posed by other oncogenic HPV types might have clinical implications.
Age Effects on Cognitive and Physiological Parameters in Familial Caregivers of Alzheimer's Disease Patients

Objectives Older familial caregivers of Alzheimer’s disease patients are subjected to stress-related cognitive and psychophysiological dysfunctions that may affect their quality of life and ability to provide care. Younger caregivers have never been properly evaluated. We hypothesized that they would show qualitatively similar cognitive and psychophysiological alterations to those of older caregivers. Method The cognitive measures of 17 young (31–58 years) and 18 old (63–84 years) caregivers and of 17 young (37–57 years) and 18 old (62–84 years) non-caregiver controls were evaluated together with their salivary cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) levels, as measured by radioimmunoassays and ELISA assays of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in serum. Results Although younger caregivers had milder impairments in memory and executive functions than older caregivers, their performances fell to the same or lower levels as those of the healthy older controls. Decreases in DHEA and BDNF levels were correlated with the cognitive dysfunctions observed in the older and younger caregivers, respectively. Cortisol at 10PM increased in both caregiver groups. Discussion Younger caregivers were prone to cognitive impairments similar to older caregivers, although the degree and the neuropsychological correlates of the cognitive dysfunctions were somewhat different between the two groups. This work has implications for caregiver and care-recipient health and for research on the neurobiology of stress-related cognitive dysfunctions.
A New Method Combining Finite Element Analysis and Digital Image Correlation to Assess Macroscopic Mechanical Properties of Dentin

A literature review points out a large discrepancy in the results of the mechanical tests on dentin that can be explained by stress and strain assessment during the tests. Errors in these assessments during mechanical tests can lead to inaccurate estimation of the mechanical properties of the tested material. On top of that, using the beam theory to analyze the bending test for thick specimens will increase these experimental errors. After summarizing the results of mechanical tests on dentin in the literature, we focus on bending tests and compare the stress assessment obtained by finite element analysis (FEA) and by beam theory application. We show that the difference between the two methods can be quite large in some cases, leading us to prefer the use of FEA to assess stresses. We then propose a new method based on coupling finite element analysis and digital image correlation (DIC) to more accurately evaluate stress distributions, strain distributions and elastic modulus in the case of a three-point bending test. To illustrate and prove the feasibility of the method, it is applied on a dentinal sample so that mean elastic modulus and maximum tensile stress are obtained (11.9 GPa and 143.9 MPa). Note that the main purpose of this study is to focus on the method itself, and not to provide new mechanical values for dentin. When used in standard mechanical testing of dentin, this kind of method should help to narrow the range of obtained mechanical properties values.
Essays on investments in research and development

This paper studies the consequences ofnetwork externalities on R&Drivalry between an incumbent firm and a potential entrant. In the model, all differences between the R&Dprojects chosen in market equilibrium and the socially best projects are solely due to network externalities. From a welfare perspective, the incumbent chooses a too risky and the entrant a too certain R&D project. Rothschild and Stiglitz's mean preserving spread criterion is used as a measure of risk. Adoption of a new standard is more likely in equilibrium than in the socialoptimum. JEL classification: 031, L13. *1am grateful for comments from Geir B. Asheim, Anette Boom,Petter Osmundsen, Ulf Pedersen, Ariel Rubinstein, Mette D. Storvestre, Marcel Thum, and two anonymous referees. This research has been financed by Telenor and The Foundation for Research in Economics and Business Administration. Forthcoming in International Journal of Industrial Organization.
What are the Gains from a Multi-Gas Strategy?

The Kyoto Protocol assigns limits for the aggregate emissions of six greenhouse gases, but most economic analyses focus on CO2 abatement. What are the potential gains if policy makers exploit the flexibility in a multi-gas abatement strategy? We extend the EDGE model to include sinks and non-CO2 gases and show that a multi-gas strategy reduces costs by 20-35% in the Western Annex B countries. Marginal abatement costs decrease around 30%, and the cost-effective abatement mix involves relatively more abatement of the non-CO2 gases, which offers many low costs abatement options. Lower marginal abatement costs decrease domestic action by reducing the costs of emissions imports, whereas more low cost abatement options increases domestic action. The low cost abatement options increase domestic action, whereas lower marginal abatement costs reduces domestic action by making imports of emissions cheaper. The net effect of a multi-gas strategy on domestic action is therefore not given a priori. We show that a multi-gas strategy reduces domestic action around 2% in the United States and increases domestic action by around 8% in the European Union. Our sensitivity analyses finally show that the relatively weak growth in non-CO2 baseline emissions accounts for a large share of the savings associated with a multi-gas strategy.
Curious minds in the classroom : The influence of video feedback coaching for teachers in science and technology lessons

Science and technology (S & T) play an important role in society, because every citizen needs a certain basic understanding of S & T to participate in the public debate, for example, in discussions with regard to topics such as climate change and gene manipulation. This thesis describes how video feedback coaching (VFC-T) can help stimulate S&T skills of students in the early school years, such as inquiry skills, scientific reasoning and argumentation. The VFC T focuses on teacher professionalization with regard to providing S&T lessons, and stresses the importance of interaction between teacher and pupils as a means to stimulate these S&T skills. Teachers learn to use different pedagogical strategies, namely the scientific method, asking questions that encourage students’ scientific reasoning, and scaffolding. The latter provides the teacher support just above the level of a learner, so the pupil can reach a higher level. Video recordings of their own lessons are used during the coaching of teachers in applying these techniques. The effecti study shows that the intervention had a positive effect on the number of scientific reasoning stimulating questions asked by teachers during the intervention. However, this effect is no longer visible two months after the intervention. The pupils, however, show a higher level of scientific reasoning during and after the end of the intervention, compared with the pre-measurements and in comparison with a control group (and this result is still visible after 2 months). Not all teachers showed these results. This thesis describes how contextual aspects influence the effectiveness in individual cases, and explains these results from a complexity viewpoint.
Compensation Versus Halo: The Unique Relations Between the Fundamental Dimensions of Social Judgment

Recent work on the relations between the two dimensions of social judgment, that is, warmth and competence, evidenced compensation such that a group seen more positively than another group on one dimension is seen less positively on the second. The authors examine the status of this compensatory relation by introducing a third dimension in the judgment context. Experiment 1 extends earlier work in a different population, comparing compensation as a function of whether warmth or competence is manipulated and competence or warmth is the unmanipulated dimension. Experiments 2 and 3 use healthiness as the unmanipulated dimension and reveal the presence of halo rather than compensation between warmth or competence on one hand and healthiness on the other. These findings suggest that compensation may not only stem from a concern for distributive justice but may also derive from the unique structural and functional relations between the two fundamental dimensions of social judgment.
Pengaruh Kepuasan Kerja dan Komitmen Organisasional terhadap Turnover Intention pada Karyawan Puri Santrian Sanur

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of job satisfaction and organizational commitment to employee turnover intention. This research is associative causative aimed mengetahuai influence or relationship between two or more variables. The study was conducted at the Sanur Beach Hotel Sanur. The number of samples taken as many as 93 employees, with a sample random sampling method. Data collected through observation, interviews, and questionnaires. Data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression. Based on the analysis found that job satisfaction and organizational commitment negatively affect turnover intention. This shows that the higher job satisfaction felt by employees, the lower the level of turnover intention. The higher the organizational commitment of employees, the lower the rate of employee turnover intention because it already has a commitment to remain at the company.
Asthma, airway inflammation and epithelial damage in swimmers and cold-air athletes

Endurance athletes show an increased prevalence of airway hyperresponsiveness. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the long-term effects of training on airway responsiveness, inflammation and epithelial damage in swimmers and cold-air athletes. In total, 64 elite athletes (32 swimmers and 32 cold-air athletes), 32 mild asthmatic subjects and 32 healthy controls underwent allergy skin prick testing, methacholine challenge and induced sputum analysis. Overall, 69% of swimmers and 28% of cold-air athletes had airway hyperresponsiveness. Sputum neutrophil count correlated with the number of training hours per week in both swimmers and cold-air athletes. Eosinophil counts were higher in swimmers than in healthy subjects, although they were lower than in asthmatic subjects, and correlated with airway hyperresponsiveness in swimmers only. The eosinophil count in cold-air athletes was similar to that in healthy subjects. Bronchial epithelial cell count was not correlated with airway hyperresponsiveness but was significantly increased in swimmers, compared with healthy and asthmatic controls. In conclusion, the present authors observed significant airway inflammation only in competitive athletes with airway hyperresponsiveness. However, the majority of elite athletes showed evidence of bronchial epithelial damage that could possibly contribute to the development of airway hyperresponsiveness.
The role of regional and local scale predictors for plant species richness in Mediterranean forests

Abstract Both local and regional predictors play a role in determining plant community structure and composition. Climate, soil features as well as different local history and management affect forest understorey and tree species composition, but to date their specific role is relatively unknown. Few studies have addressed the importance of these predictors, especially in the Mediterranean area, where environmental conditions and human impacts have generated heterogeneous forest communities. In this study, the relationships between environmental variables and species richness of different groups of vascular plants (vascular species, woody species and open habitat species) and bryophytes were investigated in Tuscan forests. A total of 37 environmental variables were used by generalised linear model fitting in order to find parsimonious sub-sets of environmental factors (predictors) that are able to explain species diversity patterns at the local scale. Moreover, the role of regional and local variable groups on species richness of the considered plant groups was estimated by using the variance partitioning approach. We found that local variables, such as forest management and structure, explained more variance than regional variables for total species richness, open habitat species richness and bryophyte species richness. On the other hand, regional variables (such as elevation) played a central role for woody species richness.