Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deformations of closed strings and topological open membranes

We study deformations of topological closed strings. A well-known example is the perturbation of a topological closed string by itself, where the associative OPE product is deformed, and which is governed by the WDVV equations. Our main interest will be closed strings that arise as the boundary theory for topological open membranes, where the boundary string is deformed by the bulk membrane operators. The main example is the topological open membrane theory with a nonzero 3-form field in the bulk. In this case the Lie bracket of the current algebra is deformed, leading in general to a correction of the Jacobi identity. We identify these deformations in terms of deformation theory. To this end we describe the deformation of the algebraic structure of the closed string, given by the BRST operator, the associative product and the Lie bracket. Quite remarkably, we find that there are three classes of deformations for the closed string, two of which are exemplified by the WDVV theory and the topological open membrane. The third class remains largely mysterious, as we have no explicit example.
Polarized structure of nucleon in the valon representation

We have utilized the concept of valon model to calculate the spin structure functions of proton, neutron, and deuteron. The valon structure itself is universal and arises from the perturbative dressing of the valence quark in QCD. Our results agree rather well with all of the relevant experimental data on g1p,n,d and gA/gV, and suggests that the sea quark contribution to the spin of proton is consistent with zero. It also reveals that while the total quark contribution to the spin of a valon, ΔΣvalon, is almost constant at Q2 ≥ 1 the gluon contribution grows with the increase of Q2 and hence requiring a sizable negative orbital angular momentum component Lz. This component along with the singlet and non-singlet parts are calculated in the Next-to-Leading order in QCD . We speculate that gluon contribution to the spin content of the proton is about 60% for all Q2 values. Finally, we show that the size of gluon polarization and hence, Lz, is sensitive to the initial scale Q02.
Characterization of Livestock Odors Using Steel Plates, Solid-Phase Microextraction, and Multidimensional Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry–Olfactometry

Abstract Livestock operations are associated with emissions of odor, gases, and particulate matter (PM). Livestock odor characterization is one of the most challenging analytical tasks. This is because odor-causing gases are often present at very low concentrations in a complex matrix of less important or irrelevant gases. The objective of this project was to develop a set of characteristic reference odors from a swine barn in Iowa and, in the process, identify compounds causing characteristic swine odor. Odor samples were collected using a novel sampling methodology consisting of clean steel plates exposed inside and around the swine barn for ≤1 week. Steel plates were then transported to the laboratory and stored in clean jars. Head-space solid-phase microextraction was used to extract characteristic odorants collected on the plates. All of the analyses were conducted on a gas chromatography-mass spectrometry-olfactometry system where the human nose is used as a detector simultaneously with chemical analysis via mass spectrometry. Multidimensional chromatography was used to isolate and identify chemicals with high-characteristic swine odor. The effects of sampling time, distance from a source, and the presence of PM on the abundance of specific gases, odor intensity, and odor character were tested. Steel plates were effectively able to collect key volatile compounds and odorants. The abundance of specific gases and odor was amplified when plates collected PM. The results of this research indicate that PM is major carrier of odor and several key swine odorants. Three odor panelists were consistent in identifying p-cresol as closely resembling characteristic swine odor, as well as attributing to p-cresol the largest odor response out of the samples. Further research is warranted to determine how the control of PM emissions from swine housing could affect odor emissions.
Narcissistic Intolerance: Verbal Hostility and Dismissiveness in Response to Subjective Disagreement

We examine the novel proposition that disagreement on matters of opinion may threaten narcissists’ self-esteem and cause them to express dismissiveness of differing opinions and hostility toward the dissenter, a phenomenon we refer to as narcissistic intolerance. In three studies, participants ostensibly read about an earlier participant’s opinion on a painting (Studies 1 & 2, MTurk samples) or TV show (Study 3, undergraduate sample) that agreed or disagreed with the participant’s own opinion. Participants then wrote a response to the opinion, as though they were responding on an anonymous Internet message board. We coded participants’ responses, finding that participants higher in narcissism expressed significantly more intolerance in response to disagreement than agreement, compared to less narcissistic individuals. However, when narcissists’ self-esteem was affirmed by writing about a personally important value, they expressed no more intolerance than non-narcissists toward the person who disagreed with them (Study 2). In addition, whereas initial disagreement expressed with civility evoked greater intolerance from narcissists, disagreement expressed with incivility evoked greater intolerance from participants regardless of their levels of narcissism (Study 3). These findings may have implications for understanding online verbal aggression such as flaming.
Potent Immune Response against HIV-1 and Protection from Virus Challenge in hu-PBL-SCID Mice Immunized with Inactivated Virus-pulsed Dendritic Cells Generated in the Presence of IFN-α

A major challenge of AIDS research is the development of therapeutic vaccine strategies capable of inducing the humoral and cellular arms of the immune responses against HIV-1. In this work, we evaluated the capability of DCs pulsed with aldrithiol-2–inactivated HIV-1 in inducing a protective antiviral human immune response in SCID mice reconstituted with human PBL (hu-PBL-SCID mice). Immunization of hu-PBL-SCID mice with DCs generated after exposure of monocytes to GM-CSF/IFN-α (IFN-DCs) and pulsed with inactivated HIV-1 resulted in a marked induction of human anti–HIV-1 antibodies, which was associated with the detection of anti-HIV neutralizing activity in the serum. This vaccination schedule also promoted the generation of a human CD8+ T cell response against HIV-1, as measured by IFN-γ Elispot analysis. Notably, when the hu-PBL-SCID mice immunized with antigen-pulsed IFN-DCs were infected with HIV-1, inhibition of virus infection was observed as compared with control animals. These results suggest that IFN-DCs pulsed with inactivated HIV-1 can represent a valuable approach of immune intervention in HIV-1–infected patients.
Assuring the quality of students’ critical thinking through fallacy identification

Critical thinking skill has been a crucial issue in the context of higher education as the benchmark of qualified graduates. It is integrated in all aspects and involved in all of the courses as elaborated in the syllabus. Assessing the critical thinking becomes prominent to make sure that its quality is maintained. The real reflection of critical thinking can be traced through students’ ability to express their thought in the form of arguments. Good arguments must be supported not only by convincing claims and careful choice of supporting details but also on the rhetorical pattern which is free from fallacious statements. Identifying the fallacious statement which include recognizing the fallacy varieties assures the quality of their critical thinking. This study investigates the fallacious statements in the argumentative writing of the students of UIN Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang who argue on global issues. The faulty reasoning is found in terms of the the discussion on the topics, the flawed relations with the audience, and the relations with the characters involved in the arguments.
Understanding and Treating Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A Cognitive Behavioral Approach

The best ebooks about Understanding And Treating Obsessive Compulsive Disorder A Cognitive Behavioral Approach that you can get for free here by download this Understanding And Treating Obsessive Compulsive Disorder A Cognitive Behavioral Approach and save to your desktop. This ebooks is under topic such as understanding and treating obsessive compulsive disorder a understanding and treating obsessive compulsive disordera understanding and treating health anxiety: a cognitive 12: ' # '8& *#1 & 9 intechopen cognitive and behavioral methods for obsessive-compulsive cognitive-behavioral treatment of obsessive-compulsive anxiety and cbt reading list martinantony what's broken with cognitive behavior therapy treatment of cognitive-behavioral therapy of obsessive-compulsive disorder cognitive-behavioral therapy in obsessivecompulsive obsessive compulsive personality disorder (ocpd) abstract clinical neuropsychiatry article in press association for contextual behavioral cognitiveÃ¢Â€Â“behavioural therapy for obsessiveÃ¢Â€Â“compulsive cognitive-behavioral treatment of borderline personality repetitive behaviors in autism and obsessiveÃ¢Â€Â“compulsive journal of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders cognitive behavioral therapy for ocd ebook download research finds cognitive-behavioral therapy effective in comprehensive self-help workbooks for all anxiety the self in understanding and treating psychological disorders the psychological treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder trichotillomania manual based treatment: an act-enhanced is hypochondriasis related to obsessivecompulsive understanding personality disorders understanding collaborative case formulation is key in cognitive recommended readings anxiety disorders and related problems free ebooks treating somatization: a cognitive-behavioral chapter 5: anxiety and the anxiety disorders an integrative brief treatment approach for obsessive a brief cognitive-behavioral treatment for social anxiety treating religious obsessive compulsive disorder ocd symptoms and adlerian psychology a literature review introduction to the special issue: behavioral, cognitive rituals, stereotypy and compulsive behavior in animals and treatment of compulsive hoarding syndrome what is compulsive hoarding? international ocd foundation merican institute for cognitive herapy the psychology of bulimia nervosa: a cognitive perspective
The sizes of broad emission line regions and black hole masses of double‐peaked broad low‐ionization emission line objects

In this paper, the sizes of the broad emission line regions (BLRs) and black hole (BH) masses of double-peaked broad low-ionization emission line emitters (DBP emitters) are compared using different methods: virial BH masses versus BH masses from stellar velocity dispersions, the size of BLRs from the continuum luminosity versus the size of BLRs from the accretion disc model. First, the virial BH masses of DBP emitters estimated by the continuum luminosity and linewidth of broad Hβ are about six times (a much larger value, if including another DBP emitters, of which the stellar velocity dispersions are traced by the linewidths of narrow emission lines) larger than the BH masses estimated from the relation MBH‐σ which is a more accurate relation to estimate BH masses. Second, the sizes of the BLRs of DBP emitters estimated by the empirical relation of RBLR‐L 5100 A are about three times (a much larger value, if including another DBP emitters, of which the stellar velocity dispersions are traced by the linewidths of narrow emission lines) larger than the mean flux-weighted sizes of BLRs of DBP emitters estimated by the accretion disc model. The higher electron density of BLRs of DBP emitters would be the main reason which leads to smaller size of BLRs than the predicted value from the continuum luminosity.
Analysis of physiological determinants during a single bout of Crossfit

The purpose of this study was to analyse the physical and physiological demands of a single bout of Crossfit training. Heart rate, blood pressure, pulse pressure, rate pressure product, mean arterial pressure, spirometry, blood lactate, blood glucose and total cholesterol were measured in 12 sedentary, college-aged males before and following a single bout of Crossfit. A single bout of Crossfit significantly (p < .05) increased HR (79.17±21.96 to 108.00±23.71 bpm; p = .002), RPP (8995.00±3434.33 to 11808.60±6191.09; p = .028) and blood lactate (2.20±1.35 to 5.95±3.24 mmol.l-1; p = .003), while decreasing forced expiratory volume in one-second (FEV1) (3.71±0.37 to 3.53±0.42 l; p = .034). Crossfit had no effect on systolic blood pressure (p = 0.450), diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.844), pulse pressure (p = 0.168), mean arterial pressure (p = 0.638), forced vital capacity (FVC) (p = 0.054), FEV1/FVC (%) (p = 0.308), total cholesterol (p = 0.195) and blood glucose (p = 0.609). In conclusion, Crossfit can be considered moderate-to high-intensity and is of sufficient intensity and safety to serve as a genuine time-efficient alternative to high-intensity interval training and conventional cardiorespiratory training.
Direct detection of OH formation in the reactions of HO 2 with CH 3 C(O)O 2 and other substituted peroxy radicals

This work details the first direct observation of OH as a product from (R1): HO 2 +CH 3 C(O)O 2 →(products), which has generally been considered an atmospheric radical termination process. The technique of pulsed laser photolysis radical generation, coupled to calibrated laser induced fluorescence detection was used to measure an OH product yield for (R1) of α 1 (298 K)=(0.5±0.2). This study of (R1) included the measurement of a rate coefficient k 1 (298 K)=(1.4±0.5)×10 −11 cm 3 molecule −1 s −1 , substantially reducing the uncertainties in modelling this important atmospheric reaction. OH was also detected as a product from the reactions of HO 2 with three other carbonyl-containing peroxy radicals, albeit at smaller yield, e.g. (R2): HO 2 +CH 3 C(O)CH 2 O 2 →(products), α 2 ≈0.15. By contrast, OH was not observed (α 2 +HOCH 2 CH 2 O 2 (R8), and HO 2 +CH 3 CH(OH)CH 2 O 2 (R9).
Emerging Patterns of Morbidity and Hospitalization— A Comparison of Kerala and Bihar

Health status of the population is one of the significant indicators of social and economic well-being. Government of India has tried to ensure the highest possible health status of India’s population and access to quality health care through a number of policy documents. Improved overall health status and socioeconomic pressures have resulted in changes in the demographic profile. The type of health-care service requirement has changed due to the rise of lifestyle-related diseases and communicable diseases. It is also crucially relevant that maternal and infant mortality continue to remain unacceptably high in several parts of the country. States like Kerala have performed well and “Kerala Model Health System” is often viewed as a rare combination of higher order human development and not so noticeable pattern of consistent exponential economic growth. However, the well-known “Kerala Model Health System” has been facing a crisis due to the demographic transition in Kerala and it is reflected in its patterns of morbidity and hospitalization. Bihar, on the other hand, has low longevity and performs poor in terms of medical and educational facilities, and it has the lowest rates of reported morbidity. At this context, this article tries to assess the socioeconomic determinants of morbidity and hospitalization in the states of Kerala and Bihar.
Neuronal NTPDase3 Mediates Extracellular ATP Degradation in Trigeminal Nociceptive Pathway

ATP induces pain via activation of purinergic receptors in nociceptive sensory nerves. ATP signaling is terminated by ATP hydrolysis mediated by cell surface-localized ecto-nucleotidases. Using enzymatic histochemical staining, we show that ecto-ATPase activity is present in mouse trigeminal nerves. Using immunofluorescence staining, we found that ecto-NTPDase3 is expressed in trigeminal nociceptive neurons and their projections to the brainstem. In addition, ecto-ATPase activity and ecto-NTPDase3 are also detected in the nociceptive outermost layer of the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis. Furthermore, we demonstrate that incubation with anti-NTPDase3 serum reduces extracellular ATP degradation in the nociceptive lamina of both the trigeminal subnucleus caudalis and the spinal cord dorsal horn. These results are consistent with neuronal NTPDase3 activity modulating pain signal transduction and transmission by affecting extracellular ATP hydrolysis within the trigeminal nociceptive pathway. Thus, disruption of trigeminal neuronal NTPDase3 expression and localization to presynaptic terminals during chronic inflammation, local constriction and injury may contribute to the pathogenesis of orofacial neuropathic pain.
Detecting Malicious Websites by Learning IP Address Features

Web-based malware attacks have become one of the most serious threats that need to be addressed urgently. Several approaches that have attracted attention as promising ways of detecting such malware include employing various blacklists. However, these conventional approaches often fail to detect new attacks owing to the versatility of malicious websites. Thus, it is difficult to maintain up-to-date blacklists with information regarding new malicious websites. To tackle this problem, we propose a new method for detecting malicious websites using the characteristics of IP addresses. Our approach leverages the empirical observation that IP addresses are more stable than other metrics such as URL and DNS. While the strings that form URLs or domain names are highly variable, IP addresses are less variable, i.e., IPv4 address space is mapped onto 4-bytes strings. We develop a lightweight and scalable detection scheme based on the machine learning technique. The aim of this study is not to provide a single solution that effectively detects web-based malware but to develop a technique that compensates the drawbacks of existing approaches. We validate the effectiveness of our approach by using real IP address data from existing blacklists and real traffic data on a campus network. The results demonstrate that our method can expand the coverage/accuracy of existing blacklists and also detect unknown malicious websites that are not covered by conventional approaches.
P S ] 1 5 A pr 2 00 9 Ricci Flow and Bio – Reaction – Diffusion Systems

This paper proposes the Ricci–flow equation as a general geometric model for various reaction–diffusion systems (and related dissipative solitons) in mathematical biology. More precisely, we propose a hypothesis that any kind of reaction–diffusion processes in biology, chemistry and physics can be modelled by the combined geometric–diffusion system. In order to demonstrate the validity of this hypothesis, we review a number of popular reaction–diffusion systems and try to show that they can all be subsumed by the presented geometric framework of the Ricci flow.
Mixture Density Networks

p(t | x) t x x x = 0.8 = 0.5 = 0.2 Figure 7: Plot of the conditional probability densities of the target data, for various values of x, obtained by taking vertical slices through the contours in Figure 6, for x = 0:2, x = 0:5 and x = 0:8. It is clear that the Mixture Density Network is able to capture correctly the multimodal nature of the target data density function at intermediate values of x. x Figure 8: Plot of the priors i (x) as a function of x for the 3 kernel functions from the same Mixture Density Network as was used to plot Figure 6. At both small and large values of x, where the conditional probability density of the target data is unimodal, only one of the kernels has a prior probability which diiers signiicantly from zero. At intermediate values of x, where the conditional density is tri-modal, the three kernels have comparable priors.
DNA Methyltransferases Are Required to Induce Heterochromatic Re-Replication in Arabidopsis

The relationship between epigenetic marks on chromatin and the regulation of DNA replication is poorly understood. Mutations of the H3K27 methyltransferase genes, ARABIDOPSIS TRITHORAX-RELATED PROTEIN5 (ATXR5) and ATXR6, result in re-replication (repeated origin firing within the same cell cycle). Here we show that mutations that reduce DNA methylation act to suppress the re-replication phenotype of atxr5 atxr6 mutants. This suggests that DNA methylation, a mark enriched at the same heterochromatic regions that re-replicate in atxr5/6 mutants, is required for aberrant re-replication. In contrast, RNA sequencing analyses suggest that ATXR5/6 and DNA methylation cooperatively transcriptionally silence transposable elements (TEs). Hence our results suggest a complex relationship between ATXR5/6 and DNA methylation in the regulation of DNA replication and transcription of TEs.
Analysis of microtubule number and length in cytoskeletons of cultured chick sensory neurons

In order to examine the continuity of individual microtubules in growing neurites, microtubules were observed and counted in whole mounted cytoskeletons of chick embryo sensory neurons. At neurite branch points, the microtubules of the proximal segment are divided between the distal segments without the addition of microtubules to the distal branches. Few microtubules ends were seen in the cytoskeletons, and on occasion, the same number of microtubules was counted at widely separated points along a neurite segment. I conclude that microtubules are long in embryonal neurites, and some may extend the entire length from perikaryon to neurite tip. This may limit where microtubule growth occurs to the perikaryon and the neurite tip, where many microtubule ends are. In addition, the great length of most neuritic microtubules may explain why collateral sprouting is rare along embryonal neurites.
A second course of antithyroid drug therapy for recurrent Graves' disease: an experience in endocrine practice

Objective There are scarce reports regarding the prognosis of a second course of antithyroid drug (ATD) therapy on recurrent Graves' disease (GD). The aim of this study was to assess the long-term remission rate after a second ATD therapy and verify significant clinical predictors of a remission. Design A prospective randomized clinical trial with long-term follow-up was conducted to evaluate the effects of a second course of ATD therapy. Methods A total of 128 recurrent GD patients who had finished a first regular ATD therapy were enrolled in this study, and prescribed methimazole (MMI) treatment with titration regimen. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups when the drug doses were reduced to 2.5 mg daily (qd). Group 1 was discontinued with 2.5 mg qd after about 5 months. Group 2 was continuously reduced to 2.5 mg every other day (qod) after 5 months and then discontinued with 2.5 mg qod after about a further 5 months. The patients were followed for 48 months after drug withdrawal. Results Of the total number of patients, 97 cases (75.78%) achieved permanent remission at the end of follow-up, with the recurrence of 31 cases (24.22%). The remission rate of group 2 (84.62%) was significantly higher than that of group 1 (66.67%) (P=0.024). Cox regression showed that the hazard ratio for recurrence decreased under a high or high normal TSH level at drug withdrawal. Conclusion A second course of ATD therapy can bring about a satisfying long-term remission on recurrent GD. The drug dose of 2.5 mg qod and a high or high normal TSH level at drug withdrawal may increase the likelihood of permanent remission.