Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emotion recognition and expression in individuals with eating disorders

3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . 5 COMMON ABBREVIATIONS . 7 TABLE OF CONTENTS . 9 LIST OF TABLES . 12 LIST OF FIGURES . 14 LIST OF APPENDICES . 16 INCORPORATION OF PUBLISHED ARTICLES . 17 DECLARATION OF THE CANDIDATE’S ROLE . 20 CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION . 21 1.1. Emotions . 23 1.1.1. Basic emotions . 23 1.1.2. Basic emotions theory . 25 1.1.3. Other theoretical frameworks . 38 1.1. 4. Relevance of emotion recognition and expression . 44 1.2. Eating disorders . 47 1.2.1. Diagnosis and epidemiology . 47 1.2.2. Comorbidity . 52 1.2. 3. Emotions and eating disorders . 52 1.3. The current thesis . 92 1.3. 1. Aims . 94 CHAPTER 2: GENERAL METHODS . 96 2.1. Design . 98 2.2. Participants . 98
Approximating distributions of random functionals of Ferguson‐Dirichlet priors

We explore the possibility of approximating the Ferguson‐Dirichlet prior and the distributions of its random functionals through the simulation of random probability measures. The proposed procedure is based on the constructive definition illustrated in Sethuraman (1994) in conjunction with the use of a random stopping rule. This allows us to set in advance the closeness to the distributions of interest. The distribution of the stopping rule is derived, and the practicability of the simulating procedure is discussed. Sufficient conditions for convergence of random functionals are provided. The numerical applications provided just sketch the idea of the variety of nonparametric procedures that can be easily and safely implemented in a Bayesian setting.
Spatiotemporal prediction of observed actions : contrasts between different frames of reference

Previous research has shown that in both non-human and human primates a network of neural regions exist that are engaged not only when we perform an action but also when we observe that same action being performed. This coupled action-perception system is argued to play a role in several areas of cognitive functioning, with this system being at least partially responsible for the prediction of observed actions. Despite much research surrounding this action-observation system (AON) there continues to be a large debate regarding the principal function of such a system. On the one hand, it is argued that the system allows the prediction and monitoring of one’s own actions for fine-grain motor control and kinematic adjustment. On the other hand, researchers argue that the system evolved for the monitoring of other’s actions, for social interaction purposes. Using dynamic transitive actions in the first person perspective (1PP) and third person perspective (3PP), in the series of studies that follow, we aim to determine whether the prediction system functions at an advantage when observing these dynamic images which map closely onto the observation of self-generated as opposed to other-generated actions. In all, the series of studies primarily highlight the importance of motor experience, enabling us to draw upon our motor repertoire to effectively simulate and accurately predict observed actions. Behavioural and EEG studies using a psychophysics method provide evidence that 1PP actions are advantageous to the prediction system following motor priming, suggesting the underlying neural mechanisms may have predominantly emerged for self-monitoring purposes. However, using a converging method, somewhat opposing results are found, which suggest motor experience can facilitate 3PP actions. When interpreting results to inform theories it is always essential to consider the experimental task employed to interrogate the matter at hand, and determine which underlying mechanisms the method may be drawing upon.
Attitudes Towards the Victim and the Client of Sex Trafficking in Greece: The Influence of Belief in a Just World, Structural Attributions, Previous Experience, and Attitudes Towards Prostitution

ABSTRACT Although scholarly interest in human trafficking has grown over the years, public attitudes towards the victim and the client of sex trafficking remain understudied. The present study explores these attitudes in Greece, a country that plays an important role in the sex-trafficking chain, through a sample of 624 Greek male and female participants. It further examines belief in a just world, structural attributions towards human trafficking, previous experience as a client of the sex industry, and attitudes towards prostitution as potential factors influencing these attitudes. The research aims to help further an already active agenda on trafficking in Greece and to ensure that future policies are properly informed. The findings indicate that participants adopt more negative attitudes towards the client than the victim and attribute human trafficking to inadequate legislation and crime syndicates, indicating that policies may benefit from a more client-centered approach. It suggests that attitudes towards prostitution and belief in a just world significantly contribute to predicting attitudes towards the victim, while structural attributions towards human trafficking, attitudes towards prostitution, and previous experience as a client of the sex industry significantly influence attitudes towards the client. The implications of the findings and potential future research are discussed.
Chemical evolution of high-mass stars in close binaries – II. The evolved component of the eclipsing binary V380 Cygni

The eclipsing and double-lined spectroscopic binary V380 Cyg is an extremely important probe of stellar evolution: its primary component is a high-mass star at the brink of leaving the main sequence whereas the secondary star is still in the early part of its main sequence lifetime. We present extensive high-resolution echelle and grating spectroscopy from Ondrejov, Calar Alto, Victoria and La Palma. We apply spectral disentangling to unveil the individual spectra of the two stars and obtain new spectroscopic elements. The secondary star contributes only about 6 per cent of the total light, which remains the main limitation to measuring the system's characteristics. We determine improved physical properties, finding masses 13.1 +/- 0.3 and 7.8 +/- 0.1 M-circle dot, radii 16.2 +/- 0.3 and 4.06 +/- 0.08 R-circle dot, and effective temperatures 21 750 +/- 280 and 21 600 +/- 550 K, for the primary and secondary components, respectively. We perform a detailed abundance analysis by fitting non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) theoretical line profiles to the disentangled spectrum of the evolved primary star, and reveal an elemental abundance pattern reminiscent of a typical nearby B star. Contrary to the predictions of recent theoretical evolution models with rotational mixing, no trace of abundance modifications due to the CNO cycle are detected. No match can be found between the predictions of these models and the properties of the primary star: a mass discrepancy of 1.5 M-circle dot exists and remains unexplained.
The Late Positive Potential Predicts Subsequent Interference with Target Processing

The current study investigated the association between neural engagement with task-irrelevant images and subsequent interference with target processing using the Emotional Interrupt paradigm [Mitchell, D. , Richell, R. , Leonard, A. , & Blair, R. Emotion at the expense of cognition: Psychopathic individuals outperform controls on an operant response task. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 115, 559, 2006]. Consistent with previous studies, PCA-derived factors corresponding to the early posterior negativity, P300, and late positive potential (LPP) were enhanced for emotional (i.e., both unpleasant and pleasant) compared with neutral distracters, and the P300 elicited by targets was smaller following emotional compared with neutral pictures. In addition, RTs were increased to targets that followed emotional pictures. Within-subject analyses demonstrated that slow trials were characterized by a smaller P300 and were preceded by pictures with a larger LPP. Additionally, between-subject analyses indicate that individuals with a larger LPP also demonstrated slower RTs to targets and reduced target-elicited P300s. All results were specific to the LPP and were not observed for either the early posterior negativity or the P300 elicited by task-irrelevant pictures. By relating the LPP to subsequent behavioral and ERP interference in both within- and between-subject analyses, the current study provides direct support for the notion that LPP indexes attentional engagement with visual stimuli that is uniquely associated with subsequent interference in terms of both RT slowing and P300 reduction to targets.
Statistical analysis of quality measures for mobile ad hoc networks

How can the quality of a mobile ad hoc network (MANET) be quantified? This work aims at an answer based on the lower network layers, i.e. on connectivity between the wireless nodes, using statistical methods. A number of different quality measures are introduced and classified according to their scaling behaviour. They are analysed in a statistical model of a 1-dimensional MANET system (corresponding e.g. to cars on a road). Neglecting boundary effects, the model turns out to be exactly solvable, so that explicit analytical results for the quality levels can be obtained both at fixed system size and in the limit of large systems. In particular, this improves estimates known in the literature for the probability of connectedness of 1-dimensional MANETs.
Development of social work values and ethics in a Greek field placement

ABSTRACT This paper presents the research findings from two focus groups (2013) set up to validate and enhance understanding of the findings emerged from the original PhD study (2010) regarding the development of social work values and ethics during a final field placement in Greece. The findings of the focus groups support the original study’s findings, but take them one step further by providing more in-depth information. They help to extend knowledge by revealing novel aspects evolving from each original finding discussed. The key messages from the study reveal the complex process of developing values and ethics in field contexts and underline the need for further research in the progression and development of a student’s ethical awareness and capability.
Investigations of Coherent Vibrational Oscillations in Myoglobin

The technique of femtosecond coherence spectroscopy (FCS) is applied to the heme protein myoglobin. Photostable samples of deoxy myoglobin (Mb) and photochemically active samples of the nitric oxide adduct (MbNO) are investigated. The pump-induced change in the probe transmittance for both samples displays coherent oscillations that, when transformed into the frequency domain, are in agreement with the resonance Raman spectrum of deoxy Mb. This indicates that the coherences associated with the photoreactive sample (MbNO) arise from the rapidly changing forces appearing in the crossing region(s) between the reactant and product state potential energy surfaces. The relative phase and amplitude of the Fe−His vibration, associated with the sole covalent linkage between the heme and the protein, are analyzed as a function of sample state and pump/probe carrier frequency. The dependence of the phase on carrier frequency is found to be significantly different for the “field driven” coherence in Mb and the “react.
ON THE $p$-ADIC VARIATION OF HEEGNER POINTS

In this paper, we prove an ‘explicit reciprocity law’ relating Howard’s system of big Heegner points to a two-variable $p$-adic $L$-function (constructed here) interpolating the $p$-adic Rankin $L$-series of Bertolini–Darmon–Prasanna in Hida families. As applications, we obtain a direct relation between classical Heegner cycles and the higher weight specializations of big Heegner points, refining earlier work of the author, and prove the vanishing of Selmer groups of CM elliptic curves twisted by 2-dimensional Artin representations in cases predicted by the equivariant Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture.
Static and dynamic performances of a round-belt Twist Actuator mechanism

This paper introduces a novel joint mechanism composed of an Antagonistically-twisted Round-belt Actuator (ARA), which is able to make rotating motion by means of contraction forces induced by twisting small-diameter elastic round-belts. First, we formulate Young's modulus model of a round-belt on a constant-volume basis suitable for largely-deformable elastic materials. As a result, we show by experimental results that the Young's modulus varies with respect to the number of twist rotations of the belt. This means that the Young's modulus linearly decreases as the twist rotation increases. Next, this paper reveals a linear transmission ratio between the joint angle and the twist rotation of an ARA robot, which corresponds to so-called speed reduction capability. In addition, we introduce a twist-drive mechanism in which twint-wisted round-belts are located at the agonist side of the robot. Finally, we demonstrate the position control of the robotic link, and verify that a simple traditional PI controller enables suppression of the oscillating motion of the joint.
The Neural Basis of Autism: A Review

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a lifelong neurodevelopmental condition for which there is no known cause or cure. Autism is a highly variable disorder, the most prominent difficulties of which include aberrant behavior, poor social skills and disrupted communication skills. Evidence suggests that the prevalence of ASD is steadily rising and this has led to widespread speculation and research concerning the causes of the disorder. Following about 50 years of intensive study, researchers now believe that autism is a complex disorder whose core aspects have distinct causes that often co-occur. Some of these distinct neurological causes are the focus of this review. We focus on findings that suggest that children with ASD have larger overall brain volumes and differences in brain growth trajectory. By adulthood those with ASD have anatomical and functional abnormalities in prefrontal cortex, basal ganglia, temporal lobe, and the limbic system. Impairments in these areas, as well as under-connectivity between and within these brain regions, can lead to range of interrelated deficits in interpersonal interaction such as problems remembering and identifying people, the inability to perceive social cues, and misunderstanding nonverbal communicative cues such as gestures, facial expressions, and emotional prosody. A mechanistic understanding of the underlying neurology of ASD is a prerequisite before new therapeutic tools can drive functionally atypical brains in corrective directions. Recent studies investigating the neural response to treatment in autism are briefly reviewed. These highlight the need to study the neural basis of and response to treatment in ASD.
BotGrep: Finding P2P Bots with Structured Graph Analysis

A key feature that distinguishes modern botnets from earlier counterparts is their increasing use of structured overlay topologies. This lets them carry out sophisticated coordinated activities while being resilient to churn, but it can also be used as a point of detection. In this work, we devise techniques to localize botnet members based on the unique communication patterns arising from their overlay topologies used for command and control. Experimental results on synthetic topologies embedded within Internet traffic traces from an ISP's backbone network indicate that our techniques (i) can localize the majority of bots with low false positive rate, and (ii) are resilient to incomplete visibility arising from partial deployment of monitoring systems and measurement inaccuracies from dynamics of background traffic.
Whisker array functional representation in rat barrel cortex: transcendence of one-to-one topography and its underlying mechanism

The one-to-one relationship between whiskers, barrels, and barrel columns described for rat barrel cortex demonstrates that the organization of cortical function adheres to topographical and columnar principles. Supporting evidence is typically based on a single or few whiskers being stimulated, although behaving rats rely on the use of all their whiskers. Less is known about the cortical response when many whiskers are stimulated. Here, we use intrinsic signal optical imaging and supra- and sub-threshold electrophysiology recordings to map and characterize the cortical response to an array of all large whiskers. The cortical response was found to possess a single peak located centrally within a large activation spread, thereby no longer conveying information about the individual identities of the stimulated whiskers (e.g., many local peaks). Using modeling and pharmacological manipulations, we determined that this single central peak, plus other salient properties, can be predicted by and depends on large cortical activation spreads evoked by individual whisker stimulation. Compared to single whisker stimulation, the peak magnitude was comparable in strength and the response area was 2.6-fold larger, with both exhibiting a reduction in variability that was particularly pronounced (3.8x) for the peak magnitude. Findings extended to a different collection (subset) of whiskers. Our results indicate the rat barrel cortex response to multi-site stimulation transcends one-to-one topography to culminate in a large activation spread with a single central peak, and offer a potential neurobiological mechanism for the psychophysical phenomenon of multi-site stimulation being perceived as though a single, central site has been stimulated.
Forecasting Marketing-Mix Responsiveness for New Products

Before a new product launch, marketers need to infer how demand will respond to various levels of marketing-mix variables to set an appropriate marketing plan. A critical challenge in estimating marketing-mix responsiveness from historical data is that the observed decisions were affected by private information possessed by managers about the heterogeneous effects of marketing-mix variables on sales. The authors refer to this as the “slope endogeneity” problem. Such endogeneity differs from the “intercept endogeneity” problem, which has been widely acknowledged in the literature. To correct for the slope endogeneity bias, the authors develop a conceptually simple control function approach that is amenable to multiple endogenous variables and marketing-mix carryover effects. The method is applied to forecasting advertising responsiveness in the U.S. DVD market. The results suggest that advertising responsiveness varies substantially across DVD titles and that estimated marketing-mix elasticities would be biased if the slope endogeneity problem were ignored. This analysis also yields findings of substantive interest to researchers and managers involved in entertainment marketing.
1 MENTAL HEALTH AMONG SCHOOL CHILDREN IN KINSHASA , DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF CONGO . Running title : Child mental health

Introduction: In Africa, little is known about child mental health. This study piloted the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) in Kinshasa, investigated mental health problems and the association between these problems and school performance, demographic factors, illness and nutrition. Methods: An epidemiological survey was conducted with 1187 children, seven to nine years old, recruited from randomly selected schools. Mental health problems were assessed with the SDQ (a behavioural screening tool) administered to teachers. Stability of the factor structure was examined using principal component factor analysis of the SDQ items. The reliability was evaluated using measures of internal consistency of the SDQ scales. Results: Factor analysis yielded five factors, similar to the published SDQ scales. The internal consistency was satisfactory on all of the SDQ scales. Using the 90 percentile, the cut-off scores were somewhat higher from the published cut-off scores. Poor nutrition, low socioeconomic status and illness were found to increase the risk for mental health problems and low school performance. Conclusion: SDQ may be considered useful to describe mental health problems among urban African children in Kinshasa. An association between mental health, school performance, demographic factors, illness and nutrition was found.
Disclosure of innovation activities by high-technology firms

Abstract This study investigates management incentive to disclose non-GAAP indicators concerning innovation in high-technology industries and the usefulness of the disclosure. As predicted, we find that firms increase disclosures of innovation when current earnings are less informative, or when future earnings are more uncertain. This finding is consistent with firms increasing disclosure in response to investor information demands when accounting data are less useful in assessing firm value. We also find that disclosures of innovation contain price-sensitive news. In addition, we find that disclosures of innovation are positively associated with the firm's future sales growth, profitability, and stock returns, after controlling for current performance and other factors known to influence future performance. This evidence is consistent with management disclosure conveying value-relevant information that is not reflected in current performance, but is predictive of future performance. © City University of Hong Kong.
Liquid Organic Fertilizers for Sustainable Agriculture: Nutrient Uptake of Organic versus Mineral Fertilizers in Citrus Trees

The main objective of this study was to compare the performance of two liquid organic fertilizers, an animal and a plant-based fertilizer, with mineral fertilization on citrus trees. The source of the fertilizer (mineral or organic) had significant effect in the nutritional status of the organic and conventionally managed mandarins. Nutrient uptake, vegetative growth, carbohydrate synthesis and soil characteristics were analyzed. Results showed that plants fertilized with animal based liquid fertilizers exhibited higher total biomass with a more profuse development of new developing organs (leaves and fibrous roots). Liquid organic fertilization resulted in an increased uptake of macro and micronutrients compared to mineral fertilized trees. Moreover, organic fertilization positively affected the carbohydrate content (fructose, glucose and sucrose) mainly in summer flush leaves. Liquid organic fertilization also resulted in an increase of soil organic matter content. Animal-based fertilizer, due to intrinsic composition, increased total tree biomass and carbohydrate leaves content, and led to lower soil nitrate concentration and higher P and Mg exchangeable in soil extract compared to vegetal-based fertilizer. Therefore, liquid organic fertilizers could be used as an alternative to traditional mineral fertilization in drip irrigated citrus trees.