Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Beam test of a superconducting cavity for the Fermilab high-brightness electron photo-injector

An electron photo-injector facility has been constructed at Fermilab for the purpose of providing a 14-18 MeV electron beam with high charge per bunch (8 nC), short bunch length (1 mm RMS), and small transverse emittance. The facility was used to commission a second-generation photo-cathode RF gun for the TESLA Test Facility (TTF) Linac at DESY; in the future, the Fermilab electron beam will be used for R and D in bunch length compression, beam diagnostics, and new acceleration techniques. Acceleration beyond 4 MeV is provided by a 9-cell superconducting cavity. The cavity also provides a longitudinal position-momentum correlation for subsequent bunch length compression. We report on the RF tests and a first beam test of this cavity.
Listening Niches across a Century of Popular Music

This article investigates the contexts, or “listening niches”, in which people hear popular music. The study spanned a century of popular music, divided into 10 decades, with participants born between 1940 and 1999. It asks about whether they know and like the music in each decade, and their emotional reactions. It also asks whether the music is associated with personal memories and, if so, with whom they were listening, or whether they were listening alone. Finally, it asks what styles of music they were listening to, and the music media they were listening with, in different periods of their lives. The results show a regular progression through the life span of listening with different individuals (from parents to children) and with different media (from records to streaming services). A number of effects found in previous studies were replicated, but the study also showed differences across the birth cohorts. Overall, there was a song specific age effect with preferences for music of late adolescence and early adulthood; however, this effect was stronger for the older participants. In general, music of the 1940s, 1960s, and 1980s was preferred, particularly among younger participants. Music of these decades also produced the strongest emotional responses, and the most frequent and specific personal memories. When growing up, the participants tended to listen to the older music on the older media, but rapidly shifted to the new music technologies in their late teens and early 20s. Younger listeners are currently listening less to music alone than older listeners, suggesting an important role of socially sharing music, but they also report feeling sadder when listening to music. Finally, the oldest listeners had the broadest taste, liking music that they had been exposed to during their lifetimes in different listening niches.
The Horsens-Aarhus Femoro Acetabular Impingement (HAFAI) cohort: outcome of arthroscopic treatment for femoroacetabular impingement. Protocol for a prospective cohort study

Introduction During the past decade, it has become increasingly more common to offer hip arthroscopic surgery when treating people with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI). Nevertheless, the latest reviews conclude that it still remains to be properly investigated how surgery affects the patients. Specifically, detailed information on the functional, muscular and mechanical impact of surgery in larger groups is lacking. Furthermore, the long-term outcome of the surgery is still to be investigated. Methods and analysis In this prospective cohort study, a total of 60 patients with FAI scheduled for arthroscopic surgery will be followed and tested preoperatively, and again after 3, 6, 9 and 12 months. Assessment includes isokinetic dynamometry evaluating hip flexion and extension; evaluation of functional capacity in a three-dimensional motion laboratory; pain assessment; self-reported function, quality of life, expectation and satisfaction with the surgery; recording of previous and present sporting activities and accelerometry. In addition, data on surgical procedure, rehabilitation progress, adverse events and failure will be recorded. Patients will be compared with an age-matched and gender-matched reference group of 30 persons with no hip, knee, ankle or back problems. Long-term follow-up of this cohort may evaluate possible reoperations and development of hip osteoarthritis. Furthermore, analysis on how subgroups respond to the treatment could be performed together with identification of possible “non-responders”. Ethics and dissemination The study is approved by the Central Denmark Region Committee on Biomedical Research Ethics (Journal No 1-10-72-239-14). The results from this study will be presented at national and international congresses and published in peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration number NCT02306525.
Wavelet Methods for the Detection of Anomalies and their Application to Network Traffic Analysis

Here we develop an integrated tool for the online detection of network anomalies. We consider statistical change point detection algorithms, for both local changes in the variance and for the detection of jumps, and propose modified versions of these algorithms based on moving window techniques. We investigate performances on simulated data and on network traffic data with several superimposed attacks. All detection methods are based on wavelet packet transforms. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Does the EU promote tax competition? Empirical evidence on the impact of EU Cohesion Policy on tax rates

This paper investigates if and to what extent the EU Cohesion Policy promotes tax competition in the European Union. We analyse this research question with advanced panel econometric tools for a dataset of 27 EU countries over the time period 1982–2007. In doing so, we control for heteroskedasticity, endogeneity as well as for spatial spillover effects. Our results indicate that the EU Cohesion policy does not affect statistically significantly the tax competition.
AN INVESTIGATION OF INFLUENTIALS AND THE ROLE OF SENTIMENT IN POLITICAL COMMUNICATION ON TWITTER DURING ELECTION PERIODS

In this paper, the authors investigate how Twitter is used for political communication during election periods with a specific focus on characteristics and communication behavior of influential accounts. Our analysis focuses on the state parliament election in Berlin (Germany) on 18 September 2011. Tweets of the top-30 most retweeted users are analyzed with respect to content-related features such as emotionality, appraisal of political parties or politicians, and topics. Furthermore, the authors test hypotheses regarding the relationship between sentiment in terms of emotionality and appraisals occurring in tweets and their quantity and speed of dissemination. Our work helps both researchers and politicians to better understand the nature of influentials in political communication and the role of sentiment in information diffusion on Twitter.
Precursors Of Emotional Stability, Stress, And Work-Family Conflict Among Female Bank Employees

Women exposure to quality education and equity legislation has accelerated their participation in the workplace. The study investigated the relationship between emotional stability, stress, and work-family conflict among female bank employees in the border region of the Eastern Cape, South Africa. Findings highlighted significant positive relationships between work-family conflict, stress, and neuroticism. The findings support most relationships found in literature. Correlations were also found amongst biographical data of female banking employees. The implications of this study are discussed along with recommendations for future research and professional managerial practice.
A 0.9–5.8-GHz Software-Defined Receiver RF Front-End With Transformer-Based Current-Gain Boosting and Harmonic Rejection Calibration

A 0.9–5.8-GHz receiver RF front-end (RFE) integrating a dual-band low-noise transconductance amplifier (LNTA), a passive harmonic-rejection (HR) down-conversion mixer, and an all-digital frequency synthesizer for software-defined radios are presented. A switchable three-coil transformer acting as the interface between the LNTA and the mixer features current-gain boosting in addition to wideband operation. Automatic local oscillator phase-error detection and calibration circuitry is implemented for the mixers to achieve high HR ratio (HRR). Fabricated in 65-nm CMOS, the RFE measures the noise figure between 2.9 and 3.8 dB, the third-order input intercept point (IIP3) between −1.6 and −12.8 dBm, the third-order HRR of 81 dB, and the fifth-order HRR of 70 dB, while consuming 66–82 mA from a 1.2-V supply and occupying a chip area of 4.2 mm2.
Pre-Service Teachers' Perceptions of Cooperative Teachers' Supervisory Styles and Satisfaction in Singapore

This study examines the following four supervision issues in the instructional or teaching supervision of 47 pre-service teachers by 42 co-operative teachers: (a) Relationships among the different supervisory styles (i.e., Attractive Supervisory Style, Interpersonally Sensitive Supervisory Style, and Task Oriented Supervisory Style) as measured by the Supervisory Styles Inventory (Friedlander & Ward, 1984 ); (b) Relative perceivedprevalence of different supervisory styles; (c) Relationship between supervisory styles and supervisees' satisfaction with their supervisors; and (d) Prediction of supervisees' satisfaction with their supervisors by the different supervisory styles. The results showed that most cooperating teachers are perceived by pre-service (trainee) teachers to utilize the attractive or non-directive supervisory style. This supervisory style was found to have the highest significant bivariate correlation coefficient and the only significant partial correlation coefficient with satisfaction with supervisor.
A Systematic Study of Gene Mutations in Urothelial Carcinoma; Inactivating Mutations in TSC2 and PIK3R1

Background Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is characterized by frequent gene mutations of which activating mutations in FGFR3 are the most frequent. Several downstream targets of FGFR3 are also mutated in UC, e.g., PIK3CA, AKT1, and RAS. Most mutation studies of UCs have been focused on single or a few genes at the time or been performed on small sample series. This has limited the possibility to investigate co-occurrence of mutations. Methodology/Principal Findings We performed mutation analyses of 16 genes, FGFR3, PIK3CA, PIK3R1 PTEN, AKT1, KRAS, HRAS, NRAS, BRAF, ARAF, RAF1, TSC1, TSC2, APC, CTNNB1, and TP53, in 145 cases of UC. We show that FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations are positively associated. In addition, we identified PIK3R1 as a target for mutations. We demonstrate a negative association at borderline significance between FGFR3 and RAS mutations, and show that these mutations are not strictly mutually exclusive. We show that mutations in BRAF, ARAF, RAF1 rarely occurs in UC. Our data emphasize the possible importance of APC signaling as 6% of the investigated tumors either showed inactivating APC or activating CTNNB1 mutations. TSC1, as well as TSC2, that constitute the mTOR regulatory tuberous sclerosis complex were found to be mutated at a combined frequency of 15%. Conclusions/Significance Our data demonstrate a significant association between FGFR3 and PIK3CA mutations in UC. Moreover, the identification of mutations in PIK3R1 further emphasizes the importance of the PI3-kinase pathway in UC. The presence of TSC2 mutations, in addition to TSC1 mutations, underlines the involvement of mTOR signaling in UC.
Sexual Dimorphism in Offspring Glucose-Sensitive Hypothalamic Gene Expression and Physiological Responses to Maternal High-Fat Diet Feeding

A wealth of animal and human studies demonstrate that early life environment significantly influences adult metabolic balance, however the etiology for offspring metabolic misprogramming remains incompletely understood. Here, we determine the effect of maternal diet per se on offspring sex-specific outcomes in metabolic health and hypothalamic transcriptome regulation in mice. Furthermore, to define developmental periods of maternal diet misprogramming aspects of offspring metabolic balance, we investigated offspring physiological and transcriptomic consequences of maternal high-fat/high-sugar diet feeding during pregnancy and/or lactation. We demonstrate that female offspring of high-fat/high-sugar diet-fed dams are particularly vulnerable to metabolic perturbation with body weight increases due to postnatal processes, whereas in utero effects of the diet ultimately lead to glucose homeostasis dysregulation. Furthermore, glucose- and maternal-diet sensitive gene expression modulation in the paraventricular hypothalamus is strikingly sexually dimorphic. In summary, we uncover female-specific, maternal diet-mediated in utero misprogramming of offspring glucose homeostasis and a striking sexual dimorphism in glucose- and maternal diet-sensitive paraventricular hypothalamus gene expression adjustment. Notably, female offspring metabolic vulnerability to maternal high-fat/high-sugar diet propagates a vicious cycle of obesity and type 2 diabetes in subsequent generations.
Half-wavelength transmission lines for connecting power plants in Amazon region to the Brazilian system

Large hydroelectric power plants are planned or under construction on the Amazon basin, located in the north region of Brazil. However, the main load centers in Brazil are located on the southeast and northeast regions, far from these generation sites by 2500-3000 km. These projects bring new challenges for power system engineers in terms of designing and operating transmission lines for very large distances and capacity, creating the opportunity for innovative solutions. HVDC would be the natural solution but it is still expensive. Conventional AC transmission would be unfeasible due to the enormous need for reactive power compensation. Under this scenario, an alternative transmission technology comes to light, the half-wavelength AC transmission line. In this paper, three half-wavelength transmission corridors are studied for the interconnection of Belo Monte Power Plant, located on the State of Para, to the Brazilian interconnected system through Assis Substation, on the State of Sao Paulo, with a total distance of 2664km. Losses, voltage profile, level of reactive power compensation, solutions for the voltage control on both sending and receiving ends, insertion of loads or generation at intermediate points, are among the analyzed aspects for different loading and interchange scenarios.
Epigallocatechin gallate inhibits the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells by regulating Notch signaling

Aims: To explore the inhibitory effects of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells and on the gene expression of Notch signaling. Methods: The colorectal cancer cells and orthotopic colorectal cancer transplant model were treated with EGCG, and MTT assay was used to test the inhibitory role of EGCG in the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells. Results: MTT assay indicated that EGCG inhibited the proliferation of these four cell lines when the time and concentration increased, and EGCG enhanced the apoptotic rate of these four cell lines. The dosage was positively correlated to the apoptotic rate, and EGCG inhibited the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells by influencing cell cycle. In-vivo study suggested that on the seventh day, the volume of tumors reduced after administrating with 5, 10 and 20 mg/kg of EGCG. At the twenty-eighth day, the volume of tumors was significantly different in three EGCG treatment groups as compared to the control group (P < 0.05), and TUNEL assay indicated that the apoptosis of cancer cells in EGCG treated groups was markedly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). In these cell lines, the expressions of HES1 and Notch2 in EGCG treated groups were remarkably lower than that in the control group (P < 0.05). The expression of JAG1 decreased in SW480 cells (P =0.019), HT-29 cells and HCT-8 cells, but increased in LoVo cells at mRNA level. The expression of Notch1 was upregulated in these four cell lines, but its expression was significantly upregulated only in LoVo and SW480 cells (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In-vitro and in-vivo studies showed that EGCG inhibited the proliferation, induced the apoptosis and affected the cell cycle of colorectal cancer cells. After treating with EGCG, the expressions of HES1 and Notch2 was obviously inhibited, this indicated that EGCG inhibited colorectal cancer by inhibiting HES1 and Notch2.
Ready for College: Assessing the Influence of Student Engagement on Student Academic Motivation in a First-Year Experience Program.

The Virginia Tech Summer Academy (VTSA) Program, developed by through a collaborative partnership between faculty, administrators and staff concerned by attrition amongfirst year students, was introduced in summer 2012 as a campus initiative to assist first-year college students transition and acclimate to the academic and social systems of the campus environment. VTSA is a six-week intensive residential summer-bridge program that provides academic preparation, highly individualized advising, learning communities, and the personal attention of faculty and peer mentorship through both academic engagement and structured activities. Although based on a substantive body of research concerning student retention, little is known about the empirical and influential value of this program. A two-phase, sequential explanatory mixed-methods (QUAN→ QUAL) study was developed to assess the value of student academic engagement in a first-year experience program. Specifically, this research investigated the outcomes of participation on cognitive, behavioral, and affective factors of motivation, taking into account demographic and academic performance variables. In the initial quantitative phase, data from 89 students were analyzed to assess engagement and academic motivation. Data from the Scale of Educationally Purposeful Activities (SEPA) were used to determine levels of student engagement among VTSA students,
Israeli Attitudes on Synagogue and State

Abstract This article investigates the attitudes of Israeli Jews on the proper relationship between religion and the state, using data from the 2009 Israeli National Election Study. Specifically we test whether association with the secular or religious communities structures mass attitudes on this important dimension of Israeli politics. Mass level disagreement in this area dates back to the pre-state period and represents a longstanding cleavage in Zionist thought and Israeli politics. We find that mass attitudes toward religion and public life are associated with religious observance and identification with religious parties and social groups.
An anatomical investigation of the cervicothoracic ganglion

Anatomical variability within the autonomic nervous system has long been accepted. This study evaluated the anatomical variability of the cervicothoracic ganglion (CTG) according to its form and, in addition, provided precise measurements between the CTG and the anterior tubercle of the transverse process of the sixth cervical vertebra (C6TP), the first costovertebral articulation, and the vertebral artery. Forty‐two adult cadavers were dissected, 22 male and 20 females. Five main forms of CTG were documented; spindle (31.9%), dumbbell (23.2%), truncated (21.7%), perforated (14.5%), and inverted‐L (8.7%). The means for length, width, and thickness of the CTG were 18.5 mm, 8.2 mm, and 4.5 mm, respectively. The dimensions were found to be slightly larger in the males than females and on the left sides as compared to the right. The mean shortest distance between the CTGs and the vertebral artery was found to be 2.8 mm, whilst the mean shortest distances to C6TP was 25.7 mm and to the first costovertebral articulation was 1.7 mm. There is great variability in the morphology of the CTG with five common forms consistently seen. The relation to the vertebral artery may influence the form of the ganglion. Two previously undocumented forms are recorded; the truncated which describes the important juxtaposition of the CTG and the vertebral artery and the perforated which describes the piercing of the ganglion itself by the artery. The findings are considered to be of clinical importance to anesthetists, surgeons, neurosurgeons, and anatomists. Clin. Anat. 25:444–451, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Does two-segment image reconstruction at 64-section CT coronary angiography improve image quality and diagnostic accuracy?

PURPOSE To prospectively evaluate the effect of single- versus two-segment image reconstruction on image quality and diagnostic accuracy at 64-section multidetector computed tomographic (CT) coronary angiography by using conventional coronary angiography as the reference standard. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study design was approved by a human research committee; patients gave informed consent. The study was HIPAA compliant. Forty consecutive patients (22 men, 18 women; mean age, 61 years +/- 8 [standard deviation]) underwent both 64-section multidetector CT coronary angiography and conventional angiography. All data sets were reconstructed by using single- and two-segment image reconstruction algorithms, with resulting temporal resolution of 82.5-165 msec. Two experienced observers independently evaluated image quality and signs of coronary artery disease. A five-level grading scheme was used to grade stenosis (0%, <50%, <70%, <99%, 100%) and image quality (1[unacceptable] to 5[excellent]). Interobserver correlation, Spearman correlation coefficients, and diagnostic accuracy were calculated. RESULTS Six hundred coronary artery segments were visible on conventional angiograms, of which 560 (93.3%) were seen by using single-segment and 561 (93.5%) were seen by using two-segment image reconstruction (P=.35). Mean quality scores were not significantly different (P=.22) for single- (3.1 +/- 0.9) and two-segment (3.2 +/- 0.8) reconstruction. Significantly (P=.03) better image quality was observed for two-segment reconstruction only at heart rates of 80-82 beats per minute, at which temporal resolution was approximately 83 msec. For grading coronary artery stenosis, correlation was 0.64 for single- and 0.66 for two-segment reconstruction (P=.43). Significant stenosis (>50%) was detected on a per-segment basis with 77.1% sensitivity and 98.6% specificity by using single-segment and with 79.2% sensitivity and 99.1% specificity by using two-segment image reconstruction. CONCLUSION At heart rates of more than 65 beats per minute, use of two-segment reconstruction improves image quality at multidetector CT coronary angiography but does not significantly affect overall diagnostic accuracy compared with single-segment reconstruction.
A Two-Port Nonlinear Model for Magnetoelastic Energy-Harvesting Devices

The aim of this paper is to present a two-port equivalent circuit that is able to describe the main features of an energy-harvesting device based on magnetoelastic materials. The magnetomechanical model behind the equivalent circuit is nonlinear and fully coupled. Therefore, the most part of the typical real-device behavior, without the limits of linear magnetomechanical modeling, is described. A preliminary validation of the model, by exploiting experimental data, is provided. Moreover, simulation tests and comparisons to the linear model are also carried out to underline the basic features of the proposed nonlinear approach. To this end, numerical results of the harvested power and peak voltage for the two devices in different working conditions are presented and discussed.