Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
POEM: Power-efficient occupancy-based energy management system

Buildings account for 40% of US primary energy consumption and 72% of electricity. Of this total, 50% of the energy consumed in buildings is used for Heating Ventilation and Air-Conditioning (HVAC) systems. Current HVAC systems only condition based on static schedules; rooms are conditioned regardless of occupancy. By conditioning rooms only when necessary, greater efficiency can be achieved. This paper describes POEM, a complete closed-loop system for optimally controlling HVAC systems in buildings based on actual occupancy levels. POEM is comprised of multiple parts. A wireless network of cameras called OPTNet is developed that functions as an optical turnstile to measure area/zone occupancies. Another wireless sensor network of passive infrared (PIR) sensors called BONet functions along-side OPTNet. This sensed occupancy data from both systems are then fused with an occupancy prediction model using a particle filter in order to determine the most accurate current occupancy in each zone in the building. Finally, the information from occupancy prediction models and current occupancy is combined in order to find the optimal conditioning strategy required to reach target temperatures and minimize ventilation requirements. Based on live tests of the system, we estimate ≈ 30.0% energy saving can be achieved while still maintaining thermal comfort.
Emotional intelligence and teacher efficacy: a study of Turkish EFL pre-service teachers

This study investigated the relationship between emotional intelligence and teacher efficacy among 90 English language pre-service teachers from a university in Turkey. Data sources included Tschannen-Moran and Woolfolk-Hoy’s Teachers’ Sense of Efficacy Scale and Reuven Bar-On’s Emotional Quotient Inventory. The findings indicated that Turkish EFL pre-service teachers felt more efficacious in managing the class rather than in making the class enjoyable. The findings also showed that the pre-service teachers scored highest in the stress tolerance and assertiveness competencies, but lowest in independence and self-regard in terms of emotional intelligence (EQ). Findings revealed a significant, positive relationship between EQ and pre-service teachers’ efficacy. The greatest correlation is between the interpersonal EQ subscale and the engagement efficacy subscale. On the other hand, both adaptability EQ scale and stress management EQ scale scores were not significantly correlated with the three efficacy subscales.
Unimodal Thompson Sampling for Graph-Structured Arms

We study, to the best of our knowledge, the first Bayesian algorithm for unimodal Multi-Armed Bandit (MAB) problems with graph structure. In this setting, each arm corresponds to a node of a graph and each edge provides a relationship, unknown to the learner, between two nodes in terms of expected reward. Furthermore, for any node of the graph there is a path leading to the unique node providing the maximum expected reward, along which the expected reward is monotonically increasing. Previous results on this setting describe the behavior of frequentist MAB algorithms. In our paper, we design a Thompson Sampling-based algorithm whose asymptotic pseudo-regret matches the lower bound for the considered setting. We show that -as it happens in a wide number of scenarios- Bayesian MAB algorithms dramatically outperform frequentist ones. In particular, we provide a thorough experimental evaluation of the performance of our and state-of-the-art algorithms as the properties of the graph vary.
Understanding Creativity Methods in Design

This paper contributes an analytical framework to improve understanding of the composition of recognized creativity methods used in design. Based on an extensive literature review, our framework synthesizes key concepts from design and particularly creativity research, and is further supported by significant experience with creativity methods in design. We propose that nine concepts are relevant for analyzing creativity methods in design: process structure, materials, tools, combination, metaphor, analogy, framing, divergence, and convergence. To test their relevance as components of an analytical framework, we use these key concepts to analyze three recognized creativity methods that we have often used ourselves: Inspiration Card Workshops, Fictional Inquiry, and Extreme Characters. Our analytical framework expands current categorizations of methods and offers new insight into how creativity methods are composed, how and why they work, and how they potentially may be tweaked or refined for enhanced deployment in design.
Myometry-driven compliant-body design for underwater propulsion

Within the broader scope of underwater biomimetics, in this paper we address the relevance of factors such as shape and elasticity distribution in the ability of a compliant device to imitate the kinematic behaviour of a fish. We assess the viability of myometry as a tool to determine candidate mechanical parameters without relying solely on analytical models; we show that we can obtain elasticity distributions that are both consistent with previous theoretical investigations and experimentally better adherent to the passive kinematics of a biological embodiment (rainbow trout).
Bicuculline blocks nicotinic acetylcholine response in isolated intermediate lobe cells of the pig

1 The effect of bicuculline on nicotinic acetylcholine (ACh) responses in isolated intermediate lobe (IL) cells of the pig was investigated by use of patch‐clamp techniques. Bicuculline was found to reduce AChevoked whole‐cell currents (IACh) in all cells tested (n = 40). 2 The blocking effect of bicuculline on IACh was dose‐dependent, the concentration producing half‐maximal blockade being 43.8 μm. 3 The blockade of IACh by bicuculline was not voltage‐dependent at membrane potentials above −60 mV, but a slight voltage‐dependence was observed at holding potentials (HP) of −80 and −100 mV. 4 The inhibitory effect of bicuculline on IACh was partially competitive at a HP of −60 mV. 5 Neither SR 95531, a pyridazinyl γ‐aminobutyric acid derivative, nor t‐butylbicyclophosphorothionate (TBPS) blocked IACh in IL cells. 6 It is concluded that bicuculline interacts directly with the ACh receptor‐ionophore complex on porcine IL cells.
EVALUACIÓN DEL SEXISMO AMBIVALENTE EN ESTUDIANTES GALLEGOS/AS ASSESSMENT OF AMBIVALENT SEXISM IN GALICIAN STUDENTS

Resumen El objetivo de esta investigacion es identificar el nivel de sexismo tanto hacia mujeres como hacia hombres y comprobar si el nivel de estudios esta relacionado con las actitudes sexistas. Para ello, contamos con una muestra de 852 estudiantes gallegos/as (365 chicos y 490 chicas), de los cuales 432 son de Educacion Secundaria de Institutos de Secuandaria de la ciudad de Ourense y 420 son universitarios/as del Campus de Ourense, con un rango de edad de 12 a 25 anos a los que se les aplica las siguientes escalas: ASI, Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (Glick y Fiske, 1996), version espanola de Exposito y cols. (1998); AMI, Ambivalent Attitudes Inventory (Glick y Fiske, 1999), version espanola de Lameiras, Rodriguez y Sotelo (2001); EIRS, Escala de Ideologia del Rol Sexual (Moya et al., 1991). Los resultados muestran que los chicos son mas sexistas hacia las mujeres y tienen mayores actitudes benevolentes hacia los hombres. Tanto para hombres como para mujeres el nivel de estudios correlaciona negativamente con las actitudes sexistas, es decir, se comprueba que a mayor nivel de estudios menor nivel de sexismo. Abstract The aim of this article is to check the level of ambivalent sexism against both, men and women, aas well as to verify if the academic level is related to those sexist attitudes. Our sample was composed of 852 students (365 men and 490 women) aged 12 to 25, 432 of them from Secondary school and 420 University students. They filled in the following questionnaires: Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (ASI; Glick y Fiske, 1996), Spanish version by Exposito et al. (1998), Ambivalent Attitude Inventory (AMI; Glick y Fiske, 1999), Spanish version by Lameiras et al. (2001) and the Scale of the Sexual Role Ideology (SSRI; Moya et al., 1991). The results show that men are more sexist against women but more benevolent towards men. In both, women and men, their academic level negatively correlates with their sexist attitudes, so that the higher academic level, the less sexism.
[Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy study of prefrontal lobe and thalamus in schizophrenics on modified electroconvulsive therapy].

OBJECTIVE To explore the potential effects of modified electroconvulsive therapy (MECT) in prefrontal lobe and thalamus in patients with schizophrenia by proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy ((1)H-MRS). METHODS From November 2010 to June 2011, a total of 31 schizophrenics fulfilling the third edition of the Chinese Classification of Mental Disorders (CCMD-III) were recruited. And prefrontal lobe and thalamus were evaluated by multi-voxel (1)H-MRS before and after 8 sessions of MECT. The subjects were evaluated by the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS). And the N-acetylaspartate (NAA), choline-containing compounds (Cho) and creatine compounds (Cr) were measured and the ratios of NAA/Cr and Cho/Cr determined. RESULTS (1) In left prefrontal lobe and bilateral thalamus, the NAA/Cr ratio at post-treatment demonstrated higher than that at pre-treatment (1.50 ± 0.31 vs 1.35 ± 0.30, t = 2.07, P < 0.05; 1.53 ± 0.31 vs 1.38 ± 0.27, t = 2.03, P < 0.05; 1.51 ± 0.29 vs 1.36 ± 0.26, t = 2.14, P < 0.05). (2) The major influencing factors of the changes of NAA/Cr in left prefrontal lobe were age of onset, decrease rate of PANSS, baseline PANSS total score and duration of illness. And the major influencing factors for left thalamus were age of onset and duration of illness while a major influencing factor for right thalamus was baseline PANSS total score. CONCLUSION MECT may modify brain metabolism as measured by (1)H-MRS. The pattern of changes suggests possible neuroprotective effects in schizophrenics. And these effects are correlated with age of onset, duration and severity of illness.
Associations between major fatty acids in plant oils fed to dairy goats and C18 isomers in milk fat

Relationships between fatty acids (FAs) in plant oils included in goat diets and milk fat C18 isomers were determined by Principal Factor Analysis (PFA). The three first principal factors (PF1, PF2 and PF3) accounted for 64·5% of the total variation in milk FAs contents. Fatty acids with a double bond at carbons 13, 14, 15 or 16 had high (>0·6) and positive loadings for PF1, trans-4 to trans-8 C18:1 for PF2, whereas trans-10 C18:1, trans-11 C18:1 and cis-9 trans-11 C18:2 showed high and positive loadings for PF3. Pearson's correlations supported that PF1, PF2 and PF3 were related to α-linolenic, oleic and linoleic acid intakes, respectively. Our results show that the quantitatively main FAs in plant lipids supplemented to dairy ruminants are often the main cause of the observed changes in milk C18 isomer contents. However, sometimes the observed changes are caused, or at least are influenced, by other FAs present in lower quantities in the plant lipids. Thus, using mixtures of plant oils with differently unsaturated main FAs could be a way of tailoring milk fat composition to a pre-designed pattern.
An Affair of the Heart: Emotional Intelligence and Transformational Leadership

The importance of emotional engagement in motivation of followers by transformational/charismatic leaders has often been emphasized by leadership scholars. Despite such consideration, little has been espoused regarding the theoretical mechanisms by which emotions and leadership behaviors are related. By presenting a theoretical bridge between the concept of emotional intelligence (Goleman, 1995) and Bass and Avolio's (1994) components of transformational leadership (i.e., idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, individualized consideration), this paper provides a focus on such theoretical issues with the hope of stimulating more systematic research efforts. Implications for future research and organizational management are also discussed.
Stable bundles over rig categories

The point of this paper is to prove the conjecture that virtual 2‐vector bundles are classified by K(ku), the algebraic K‐theory of topological K‐theory. Hence, by the work of Ausoni and the fourth author, virtual 2‐vector bundles give us a geometric cohomology theory of the same telescopic complexity as elliptic cohomology. The main technical step is showing that for well‐behaved small rig categories ℛ (also known as bimonoidal categories), the algebraic K‐theory space, K(Hℛ), of the ring spectrum Hℛ associated to ℛ is equivalent to κ(ℛ) ≃ ℤ ×|BGL(ℛ)|+, where GL(ℛ) is the monoidal category of weakly invertible matrices over ℛ. The title refers to the sharper result that BGL(ℛ) is equivalent to BGL(Hℛ). If π0ℛ is a ring, this is almost formal, and our approach is to replace ℛ by a ring completed version, ℛ¯ , provided by Baas, Dundas, Richter, and Rognes [J. reine angew. Math., to appear] with Hℛ ≃ H ℛ¯ and π0 ℛ¯ the ring completion of π0ℛ. The remaining step is then to show that ‘stable ℛ ‐bundles’ and ‘stable ℛ¯ ‐bundles’ are the same, which is done by a hands‐on contraction of a custom‐built model for the difference between BGL(ℛ) and BGL( ℛ¯ ).
Bayesian multiple instance learning: automatic feature selection and inductive transfer

We propose a novel Bayesian multiple instance learning (MIL) algorithm. This algorithm automatically identifies the relevant feature subset, and utilizes inductive transfer when learning multiple (conceptually related) classifiers. Experimental results indicate that the proposed MIL method is more accurate than previous MIL algorithms and selects a much smaller set of useful features. Inductive transfer further improves the accuracy of the classifier as compared to learning each task individually.
ACHIEVEMENT GOALS: A SITUATIONAL-CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS REKHA SINGHAL Indian Institute of Forest Management GIRISH WAR MISRA University of Delhi

Recent studies have indicated that the generalizability of traditional theory of achievement motivation across cultures is considerably limited. Empirical evidence from various cultures points out that there are cross-cultural differences in the meaning of achievement that play a crucial role in determining the achievement efforts of the people in respective cultures. The present study is a step towards delineating more fully the role of meaning in directing achievement behavior across different groups within the Indian cultural context. It investigated the effects of perceived sense of self and perceived expectations of on the preferences for achievement goals in individualistic, familial, and societal spheres among male and female adolescents and young adults. The results indicated that the expectations held by the significant others (e.g., parents, teachers, peers) and age level were the most powerful determinants of the perceived importance of achievement goals. In addition, gender, age, and sense of self evinced joint influences on the preferences for certain achievement goals. The findings are discussed in the light of a situational-contextual model of achievement motivation, and implications for understanding and managing motivation in multicultural perspective are indicated. In recent years, increasingly greater attention has been paid to empirically study the determinants and consequences of achievement-related cognitions (Cooper, 1983; Misra, 1985; Nicholls, 1984; Weiner, 1986). The theoretical explanations of achievement expressed through these congitions strivings range between personality-based individualistic exGirishwar Misra is currently an Indo-U.S. Fulbright Fellow, School of Education, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Reprint requests should be sent to Rekha Singhal, Indian Institute of Forest Management, Nehru Nagar, P. B. 357, Bhopal-462003, India.
Expressions of student debt aversion and tolerance among academically able young people in low-participation English schools

The 2012 rise in student fees, from �3375 to �9000 per year, made England one of the costliest places to attend university in the world. Drawing on evidence from higher attaining young people attending low-participation schools, this paper renews established types of student debt aversion and tolerance, with sensitivity towards whether they reflect the (financial) ? price? of participation or the (cultural, social) ? cost? of participation. Findings point to a complex web of inter-related factors informing a decision-making process that is rational, but often lacking detailed knowledge of key variables, such as the range of bursaries and grants available and the terms of the loan repayment. The Ellsburg Paradox is invoked to explain the tendency of some young people to self-exclude, contrary to rational choice theory. For those without family support or precedent, participation is not greatly incentivised by assumed lifestyle and identity gains, and generous repayment concessions for low-earning graduates do not necessarily ease anxiety about debt. Data point to a heightened awareness of labour market alternatives and of continued disquiet, both academic and non-academic, about ? fitting in? at university. Naturally, higher fees demand a recalculation of return-on-investment estimates for all young people. However, the participation ? bet? of those from low-participation schools is framed in ways unacknowledged by (and sometimes discordant with) dominant public discourses.
The Sources of Science Teaching Self-efficacy among Elementary School Teachers: A mediational model approach

This study aimed to investigate the factors accounting for science teaching self-efficacy and to examine the relationships among Taiwanese teachers’ science teaching self-efficacy, teaching and learning conceptions, technological–pedagogical content knowledge for the Internet (TPACK-I), and attitudes toward Internet-based instruction (Attitudes) using a mediational model approach. A total of 233 science teachers from 41 elementary schools in Taiwan were invited to take part in the study. After ensuring the validity and reliability of each questionnaire, the results indicated that each measure had satisfactory validity and reliability. Furthermore, through mediational models, the results revealed that TPACK-I and Attitudes mediated the relationship between teaching and learning conceptions and science teaching self-efficacy, suggesting that (1) knowledge of and attitudes toward Internet-based instruction (KATII) mediated the positive relationship between constructivist conceptions of teaching and learning and outcome expectancy, and that (2) KATII mediated the negative correlations between traditional conceptions of teaching and learning and teaching efficacy.
Designing operational transconductance amplifiers for low voltage operation

To design operational transconductance amplifiers (OTAs) for high-performance applications it is necessary to use cascoded current mirrors. In low-voltage applications the standard cascoded current mirror cannot be used. The solution is to use the generalized high-swing cascoded current mirror. With these newer OTA designs it is possible to have cascoding in the design without significantly reducing the linear output voltage range. High-swing OTAs already exist. With the authors' generalized scheme, multiple cascoded OTAs can be built. They have significantly larger bandwidth for the same low-frequency gain than single cascoded OTAs, and do not sacrifice any of the linear output voltage range. <<ETX>>
Culture theory : essays on mind, self, and emotion

Preview: a colloquy of culture theorists Richard A. Shweder Part I. Culture Theory: An Introduction 1. Anthropology's romantic rebellion against the enlightenment, or there's more to thinking than reason and evidence Richard A. Shweder 2. Properties of culture: an ethnographic view Robert A. LeVine 3. Cultural meaning systems Roy G. D'Andrade Part II. Culture, Self, and Emotion: 4. 'From the native's point of view: on the nature of anthropological understanding Clifford Geertz 5. Toward an anthropology of self and feeling Michelle Z. Rosaldo 6. Does the concept of the person vary cross-culturally? Richard A. Shweder and Edmund J. Bourne 7. Understanding people Zeno Vendler 8. Emotion, knowing and culture Robert I. Levy 9. Getting angry: the Jamesian theory of emotion in anthropology Robert C. Solomon Part III. Culture, Language, and Thought: 10. The development of competence in culturally defined domains: a preliminary framework Howard Gardner 11. Language acquisition and socialization: three developmental stories and their implications Elinor Ochs and Bambi B. Schieffelin Part IV. Commentary: 12. Some reflections on cultural determinism and relativism with special reference to emotion and reason Melford E. Spiro Name index Subject index.
EFFECTS OF CLIENT VIOLENCE ON SOCIAL WORK STUDENTS: A NATIONAL STUDY

This study uses a work stress theoretical framework to examine the effects of direct and indirect client violence on a randomly selected national sample of MSW and BSW social work students from the National Association of Social Workers (N=595). Client violence variables were analyzed in relationship to fear of future violence and occupational commitment. When students experienced every type of client violence except direct physical assault, they had significantly increased fears of future client violence. Students with increased fear of future violence had significantly increased normative and continuance occupational commitment. Students had exceptionally high affective occupational commitment, regardless of experiences with client violence. Implications for social work programs, field agencies, field educators, and social work students are discussed.
Building a RAPPOR with the Unknown: Privacy-Preserving Learning of Associations and Data Dictionaries

Abstract Techniques based on randomized response enable the collection of potentially sensitive data from clients in a privacy-preserving manner with strong local differential privacy guarantees. A recent such technology, RAPPOR [12], enables estimation of the marginal frequencies of a set of strings via privacy-preserving crowdsourcing. However, this original estimation process relies on a known dictionary of possible strings; in practice, this dictionary can be extremely large and/or unknown. In this paper, we propose a novel decoding algorithm for the RAPPOR mechanism that enables the estimation of “unknown unknowns,” i.e., strings we do not know we should be estimating. To enable learning without explicit dictionary knowledge, we develop methodology for estimating the joint distribution of multiple variables collected with RAPPOR. Our contributions are not RAPPOR-specific, and can be generalized to other local differential privacy mechanisms for learning distributions of string-valued random variables.
Adaptive suppression of frequency varying disturbances for an oscillating steel plate

Many industrial processes - from continuous casting to combustion engines - are subject to disturbances with periodic or almost periodic characteristics in the sense that the frequency and the amplitude may change with time. A specially interesting case is presented by bodies which can produce or transmit a large range of vibrations. In this paper we discuss the asymptotic suppression of such disturbances using an internal model approach and a frequency estimation algorithm. The effectiveness of the algorithm is demonstrated by its application to a single force oscillating steel plate, an experimental setup which confers the suitability of the approach.