Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Environmental Integration in Sustainable Urban Planning from an Institutional Perspective A Study of Swedish and Chinese Eco-City Development

The continuously rising attention to and practice of eco-city development in Sweden and China, as well as the countries’ active cooperation has motivated this study and the exploration of eco-city development in these two countries. In eco-city development, diverse environmental issues may well be beyond the planning sector’s capacity and need to be resolved elsewhere by other authorities and agencies in such areas as energy, water and traffic. This may in practice require the reframing of certain institutions to ensure that relevant sector authorities, scientific institutions and actors have responsibilities for integrative tasks and can cooperate effectively.The study aims to investigate how institutional conditions affect environmental integration in urban planning. The approach used is the exploration of how different institutional conditions promote and/or hinder environmental integration by the examination of four examples of eco-city development in Sweden and China. Based on theories of institutions, Environmental Policy Integration (EPI) and sustainable urban planning, an analytical framework is used to describe institutional conditions related to formal rulemaking, informal rules and administrative management and organizations.Formal rules provide framework and legitimacy for guiding and enforcing actors in the practice of realizing environmental integration in urban planning. Meanwhile, informal rules; i.e. wills, interests, understanding and knowledge, could considerably affect the design of formal rules and how they are to be implemented. Administrative management and organization serve to realize environmental integration following the formal rules, but the informal institutional conditions of e.g. officials’ interests, understanding, knowledge and experience, as well as political support, affect the organizations’ performance and abilities for implementation, which in turn also largely depends on the specific organizational settings. All three need to be combined to achieve environmental integration in sustainable urban planning, since each one has its own strengths and weaknesses and they gradually affect each other in practices.
A Simple Method to Estimate the Output Power and Efficiency Load–Pull Contours of Class-B Power Amplifiers

This paper describes a simple method to estimate the output power and efficiency load-pull contours of a class-B power amplifier (PA). Using successively improved-but still simple and intuitive-field-effect transistor nonlinear iDS (vGS,vDS) current models, this work starts by explaining the poor efficiency predictions provided by the Cripps load-line method, to then derive refined expressions to predict the output power load-pull contours and a novel analysis that produces useful estimates of the efficiency load-pull contours. These estimates are believed to constitute an invaluable tool for the analysis and design of single-ended class-B or Doherty PAs.
Title : Predictors of variation in CYP 2 A 6 mRNA , protein , and enzyme activity in a human liver bank : influence of genetic and non-genetic factors

1 Title: Predictors of variation in CYP2A6 mRNA, protein, and enzyme activity in a human liver bank: influence of genetic and non-genetic factors Authors: Julie-Anne Tanner, Bhagwat Prasad, Katrina G. Claw, Patricia Stapleton, Amarjit Chaudhry, Erin G. Schuetz, Kenneth E. Thummel, Rachel F. Tyndale Author Affiliations: Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, Ontario, Canada (J-A.T., R.F.T.) Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (J-A.T., R.F.T.) Department of Pharmaceutics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (B.P., K.G.C, K.E.T.) Center for Exposures, Diseases, Genomics and Environment, University of Washington, Seattle, WA (P.S.) Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN (A.C., E.G.S.) Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (R.F.T.) This article has not been copyedited and formatted. The final version may differ from this version. JPET Fast Forward. Published on November 4, 2016 as DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116. 237594
Simultaneous Interpretation :-Knowledge Creation from Australasian LIS Journals : A Content Analysis

This paper reports on a study of the content of LIS journals published in Australasia (e.g., Australian Library Journal, Fiji Library Journal, New Zealand Libraries, Singapore Libraries). The study’s purpose is to analyse how the content of Australasian LIS journals is affecting knowledge creation among the LIS community of professionals, technicians, academics and students in Australasia. The paper begins by providing contextual information for the study, that is, definitions of key terms and concepts. The contextual information is followed by a literature review which includes an analysis of the LIS publishing industry in Australasia. The next part is a description of the methodology of this research, then the content analysis of the journals, and finally the conclusions drawn from this analysis.
Time to follow‐up of an abnormal mammogram in women with diabetes: a population‐based study

Women with diabetes have a higher breast cancer incidence and mortality. They are also significantly less likely to undergo screening mammography and present with more advanced stage than women without diabetes. The purpose of this study was to examine if women with diabetes are more likely to have delays in follow‐up of abnormal mammograms, compared to women without diabetes. Using population‐based health databases, this retrospective cohort study examined women between the ages of 50 and 74, with and without diabetes, living in the province of Ontario, Canada, who underwent screening through a centralized program and who had an abnormal mammogram between 2003 and 2012. We compared rates of follow‐up of a diagnostic test within 180 days, as well as likelihood of mastectomy or excision procedure and a diagnosis of breast cancer. Following an abnormal screening mammogram, 97.5% of women with diabetes had a diagnostic procedure within 180 days compared to 97.9% of women without diabetes. After adjustment for other factors, women with diabetes were only 3% less likely to have follow‐up testing after an abnormal mammogram than women without diabetes (hazard ratio [HR] 0.97, 95% CI: 0.96–0.99, P < 0.001). The majority of Ontario women who underwent screening mammography through a centralized screening program had timely follow‐up of an abnormal mammogram, with no meaningful delays in those who had diabetes. The results of this study suggest that diagnostic delays after screening do not significantly contribute to higher breast cancer mortality in women with diabetes.
Clustering time series under the Fréchet distance

The Frechet distance is a popular distance measure for curves. We study the problem of clustering time series under the Frechet distance. In particular, we give (1 + e)-approximation algorithms for variations of the following problem with parameters k and e. Given n univariate time series P, each of complexity at most m, we find k time series, not necessarily from P, which we call cluster centers and which each have complexity at most e, such that (a) the maximum distance of an element of P to its nearest cluster center or (b) the sum of these distances is minimized. Our algorithms have running time near-linear in the input size for constant e, k and e. To the best of our knowledge, our algorithms are the first clustering algorithms for the Frechet distance which achieve an approximation factor of (1 + e) or better.
Iatrogenic collapse of the nasal valve after aesthetic rhinoplasty

We present our experience of reconstruction of the nasal valve after iatrogenic collapse, and evaluate the feasibility and outcome of composite grafts. We selected all collapsed nasal valves that occurred after primary aesthetic rhinoplasties of the total number done at the University Tor Vergata in Rome. We excluded collapses that followed septoplasty for nasal deviation, reconstructions, and rhinoplasties for trauma. We selected 15 patients of 1252 who presented from January 1998 to December 2003. Eleven patients who had collapse of both the external and internal valve were treated with a composite graft (septum plus retroauricular) inserted by an “open tip” technique. Four patients (1 with both internal and external valve collapse, 3 with only internal) were treated with a section and opening of the upper lateral cartilages, transposition and repositioning of mucocartilaginous flaps. Good functional and aesthetic results were achieved in almost all patients without complications. Composite cartilaginous grafts are an easy and safe technique for the treatment of iatrogenic collapse of the nasal valve.
Restore Public Trust Through Deliberative Public Policy Formulation

Public trust is a very essential and fundamental element to the legitimacy of public administration. Moreover, the local government is obliged to serve the community. Without public trust, many policies may have serious problems. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain and enhance public trust. A highly committed public trust will allow public administrators to receive good judgment, which is, necessary in the policy-making process. This paper is carefully seeing through some findings of a deliberative public policy formulation, especially in the planning and budgeting areas. The qualitative study was conducted in the Probolinggo regency from 2008 to early 2011. Data were collected through participant and non-participant observation, focus group discussions, in-depth interviews, as well as search of relevant documents. The findings of this study indicate the existence of change in public which in the current situation requires a commitment of local political elite to open public places. Commitment to the use of public places, in the application of the transparency principles, participation and accountability in public policy formulation process, will bring back public trust to the local government; especially if the local society feels and believes that the deliberative public participation will significantly affect the final result of the policy formulation.
Valuing Publicly-provided Services Valuing Publicly-provided Services

Decisions about expenditure on health, education and other publicly-provided services require choices regarding how much of our collective income we should allocate to these services and which services should be given priority. The attempt to answer this question has stimulated many developments in economic theory and practice, from human capital theory to systems of extended national accounts. This paper is a brief survey of some of the most important ideas, with reference to their implications for Australian public policy.
Technological Change and the Careers of Older Workers

Recent research has shown that technological change has important labor market implications and in this paper we demonstrate one on the avenues through which this occurs. According to the theory of human capital, technological chanqe will influence the retirement decisions of older workers in two ways. First, workers in industries that are characterized by high rates of technological chanqe will have later retirement ages because these industries require larger amounts of on-the-job training. Second, an unexpected change in the industry's rate of technological change will induce older workers to retire sooner because the required amount of retraining will be an unattractive investment. We matched time-series data on rates of technological change and required amounts of training in 35 industrial sectors with data from the NLS Older Men Survey to test these hypotheses. Our results strongly support both hypotheses.
Hierarchical route maps for efficient navigation

One of the difficulties with standard route maps is accessing to multi-scale routing information. The user needs to display maps in both a large scale to see details and a small scale to see an overview, but this requires tedious interaction such as zooming in and out. We propose to use a hierarchical structure for a route map, called a "Route Tree", to address this problem, and describe an algorithm to automatically construct such a structure. A Route Tree is a hierarchical grouping of all small route segments to allow quick access to meaningful large and small-scale views. We propose two Route Tree applications, "RouteZoom" for interactive map browsing and "TreePrint" for route information printing, to show the applicability and usability of the structure. We conducted a preliminary user study on RouteZoom, and the results showed that RouteZoom significantly lowers the interaction cost for obtaining information from a map compared to a traditional interactive map.
Blocking precursors to stratospheric sudden warming events

The primary causes for the onset of major, midwinter, stratospheric sudden warming events remain unclear. In this paper, we report that 25 of the 27 events objectively identified in the ERA‐40 dataset for the period 1957–2001 are preceded by blocking patterns in the troposphere. The spatial characteristics of tropospheric blocks prior to sudden warming events are strongly correlated with the type of sudden warming event that follows. Vortex displacement events are nearly always preceded by blocking over the Atlantic basin only, whereas vortex splitting events are preceded by blocking events occurring in the Pacific basin or in both basins contemporaneously. The differences in the geographical blocking distribution prior to sudden warming events are mirrored in the patterns of planetary waves that are responsible for producing events of either type. The evidence presented here, suggests that tropospheric blocking plays an important role in determining the onset and the type of warmings.
Algorithms and efficiency of Network calculus

This document presents some results obtained in the field of network calculus, a theory based on the (min,plus) algebra and whose aim is to compute worst-case performance bounds in communication networks. This theory models flows circulating in a network and the service offered by the network elements by cumulative functions and those functions are abstracted by enveloped on which the computations are performed. Several aspects are addressed. A first part is devoted to the clarification and the improvements of the performance bounds computed using this theory: the different types of service curves and the relation between them are clarified; a new operator of packet curves introduced, in order to describe the packet sizes the same way as the flows; and we improve the way of computing worst-case performance bounds, that is classically based on the (min,plus) operators, by introducing linear programs that compute the exact worst-case performances in some cases and improve the bounds in the other cases. The second part presents some examples other application of the results first developed for networks calculus: algorithms of convolution of (min,plus) functions have received a lot of attention by the network calculus community in order to compute bounds efficiently. We show here an example of use for approximating the numerical solution of the HamiltonJacobi equation. Another example is to use the concept of arrival curve to supervise a flow. This is done with simple algorithm that can follow the evolution of the behavior of a flow. Résumé Ce mémoire présente quelques résultats obtenus dans la domaine du Network calculus, une théorie basée sur l’algèbre (min,plus) et dont le but est de calculer des bornes supérieures des performances dans des réseaux de communication. Les flots de données circulant dans un réseaux ainsi que les éléments de réseaux sont modélisés par des functions cumulées, elles-mêmes abstraites par des enveloppes sur lesquelles les calculs sont effectivement effectués. Plusieurs problèmes sont abordés. Une première partie est dédiée à la clarification de certains concepts et à l’amélioration des bornes calculées : différents types de courbes de service sont identifés et les relations entre eux clarifiés ; un nouvel opérateur pour décrire les paquets est introduit, similaire aux courbes d’arrivées (décrivant les flots de données) ; une modélisation par programmation linéaire est introduite pour améliorer les bornes obtenues via des opérateurs (min,plus) et obtenir des bornes exactes dans certains cas. La seconde partie présente des exemples d’utilisation de résultats d’abord développés pour le network calculus pour d’autre domaines : l’utilisation de la convolution (min,plus) pour approximer numériquement les solutions de l’équation de Hamilton-Jacobi et l’utilisation du concept de courbe d’arrivée pour la supervision d’un flot de données, à l’aide d’un algorithme simple qui permet de suivre l’évolution d’un flot de données.
The pattern of livelihoods in a typical rural village provides new perspectives on Botswana's development

Botswana’s average economic growth rate of about 8 per cent during 1985-2005 is one of highest in the world. A major contributor of this growth was mining which, in 2005/06, had a 41.4 per cent share of GDP. Various government welfare and empowerment programmes indicate that redistribution of the mineral wealth is widespread in Botswana. This article will show that the pattern of livelihoods in a typical rural village has changed and provide new perspectives on Botswana’s development. In particular, the article will show that contrary to expectations, agriculture is no longer a major source of income to the rural economy but income transfers from out migrants members of rural based households. It will also be shown that the proportion of the rural population that depend on agriculture that is poor is smaller than the non-poor, as is that among the recipients of government transfers. There is no evidence that transfers to rural areas are invested in productive activities. They seemed to be used for consumption purposes. We demonstrate with sorghum crop productivity trend in traditional agriculture to show that no significant improvement in rural economic activities has been observed. During the period 1995-2002, the proportion of food, beverages and tobacco imports to total imports of principal commodities have remained the same at about 14 per cent, indicating that local production of food has not had an impact in reducing food imports. This article will highlight the need for Botswana to increase its agricultural productivity of products that have high potential and can introduce backward and forward linkages such as milk production.
A Systematic Review of Recent Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Diagnosis, Assessment and Management of Hypertension

Background Despite the availability of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs), optimal hypertension control is not achieved in many parts of the world; one of the challenges is the volume of guidelines on this topic and their variable quality. To systematically review the quality, methodology, and consistency of recommendations of recently-developed national CPGs on the diagnosis, assessment and the management of hypertension. Methodology/Principal Findings MEDLINE, EMBASE, guidelines' websites and Google were searched for CPGs written in English on the general management of hypertension in any clinical setting published between January 2006 and September 2011. Four raters independently appraised each CPG using the AGREE-II instrument and 2 reviewers independently extracted the data. Conflicts were resolved by discussion or the involvement of an additional reviewer. Eleven CPGs were identified. The overall quality ranged from 2.5 to 6 out of 7 on the AGREE-II tool. The highest scores were for “clarity of presentation” (44.4% −88.9%) and the lowest were for “rigour of development” (8.3%–30% for 9 CGPs). None of them clearly reported being newly developed or adapted. Only one reported having a patient representative in its development team. Systematic reviews were not consistently used and only 2 up-to-date Cochrane reviews were cited. Two CPGs graded some recommendations and related that to levels (but not quality) of evidence. The CPGs' recommendations on assessment and non-pharmacological management were fairly consistent. Guidelines varied in the selection of first-line treatment, adjustment of therapy and drug combinations. Important specific aspects of care (e.g. resistant hypertension) were ignored by 6/11 CPGs. The CPGs varied in methodological quality, suggesting that their implementation might not result in less variation of care or in better health-related outcomes. Conclusions/Significance More efforts are needed to promote the realistic approach of localization or local adaptation of existing high-quality CPGs to the national context.
Modeling the capacitive nonlinearity in thin-film BST varactors

A simple closed-form expression for the dielectric nonlinearity in thin-film high-permittivity barium strontium titanate (BST) devices is obtained from a third-order power-series expansion for the field-polarization relation. The expression is parameterized in terms of easily measurable quantities of zero-field capacitance and tuning ratio, and compares favorably with data on several representative BST compositions and device sizes. The temperature dependence of the capacitors is treated using a simple linear temperature coefficient in the zero-field capacitance that also compares favorably with experimental data on BST capacitors. The influence of interfacial ("dead" layer), fringing, and parasitic shunt capacitance on the experimental C-V curves is discussed. The results are potentially useful for circuit and electromagnetic simulation.
Cells T + Clonal Composition of HIV-Specific CD8 Distinguished from Progressors by the Nonprogressors/Elite Controllers Are Not HLA B*5701-Positive Long-Term

To better understand the qualitative features of effective human immunodeﬁciency virus (HIV)-speciﬁc immunity, we examined the TCR clonal composition of CD8 (cid:1) T cells recognizing conserved HIV p24-derived epitopes in HLA-B*5701-positive long-term nonprogressors/elite controllers (LTNP/EC) and HLA-matched progressors. Both groups displayed oligoclonal HLA-B5701-restricted p24-speciﬁc CD8 (cid:1) T-cell responses with similar levels of diversity and few public clonotypes. Thus, HIV-speciﬁc CD8 (cid:1) T-cell responses in LTNP/EC are not differentiated from those of progressors on the basis of clonal diversity or TCR sharing.
Determinants of South Korean Economic Growth, 1955–1990

Disparities between growth rates of different countries are only in part explainable by basic factors of production. New growth theory links economic growth, e.g., to increasing returns to scale, to human capital development and stresses the important role of institutions. Our aim is to determine the growth factors for Korea by a time-series analysis applying cointegration and error-correction techniques. The results show that human capital, investment and exports enhance economic development, while inflation and government consumption exert a negative influence on growth. Additionally, the import substitution phases during the 50ies and 70ies as well as a productivity oriented wage development contribute to economic growth. [F14, 047]