Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Work domain analysis and sensors II: Pasteurizer II case study

In this paper we use sensor-annotated abstraction hierarchies (Reising & Sanderson, 1996, 2002a, b) to show that unless appropriately instrumented, configural displays designed according to the principles of ecological interface design (EID) might be vulnerable to misinterpretation when sensors become unreliable or are unavailable. Building on foundations established in Reising and Sanderson (2002a) we use a pasteurization process control example to show how sensor-annotated AHs help the analyst determine the impact of different instrumentation engineering policies on a configural display that is part of an ecological interface. Our analyses suggest that configural displays showing higher-order properties of a system are especially vulnerable under some conservative instrumentation configurations. However, sensor-annotated AHs can be used to indicate where corrective instrumentation might be placed. We argue that if EID is to be effectively employed in the design of displays for complex systems, then the information needs of the human operator need to be considered while instrumentation requirements are being formulated. Rasmussen's abstraction hierarchy--and particularly its extension to the analysis of information captured by sensors and derived from sensors--may therefore be a useful adjunct to upstream instrumentation design.
The effects of parent–child communication patterns on children's interactive communication in online communities: focusing on social self-efficacy and unwillingness to communicate as mediating factors

The purpose of this study is to determine which of the following factors influence children's online communication: parent–child communication (PCC), social self-efficacy (SSE), and unwillingness to communicate (UTC). To examine children's online communication, the researchers obtained survey data from 425 elementary school students in South Korea and tested a hypothesized structural model using EQS/Windows. The findings suggest that open communication between parents and children is associated with higher levels of SSE and lower levels of UTC among children. According to the two variables, open PCC has an indirect influence on interactive communication in online communities. Overall, this study offers meaningful results indicating that children's interactive online communication is influenced by their characteristics of interpersonal communication resulting from open PCC.
Attitudinal and Behavioral Outcomes of Psychological Contract Breach

This study responds to the call for more cross cultural examinations of the psychological contract by investigating differences in: (1) the perceived importance of various psychological contract obligations, (2) the frequency of perceived psychological contract breach, and (3) employee attitudes and behaviors following psychological contract breach. A sample of 60 American and 76 Hong Kong Chinese employees completed measures related to the psychological contract, job satisfaction, intention to turnover, organizational commitment, job performance, and organizational citizenship behaviors. Results showed that the employees from both cultures differed in terms of perceived psychological contract importance and breach. Specifically, the American workers placed higher importance and perceived less breach of both intrinsic and extrinsic psychological contract outcomes than the Hong Kong employees. Additionally, American employees responded more negatively to perceived breaches of intrinsic outcomes, while their Hong Kong counterparts responded more negatively to perceived breaches of extrinsic outcomes. Limitations of the current study and suggestions for future cross cultural research are discussed.
Diazepam Sensitivity of the Binding of an Imidazobenzodiazepine, [3H]Ro 15‐4513, in Cerebellar Membranes from Two Rat Lines Developed for High and Low Alcohol Sensitivity

Abstract: Ro 15‐4513 (ethyl‐8‐azido‐5,6‐dihydro‐5‐methyl‐6‐oxo‐4H‐imidazo[1,5‐a][1,4]benzodiazepine‐3‐carboxylate), a partial inverse agonist of brain benzodiazepine receptors, has been shown to antagonize some actions of ethanol. In addition to conventional benzodiazepine binding sites, Ro 15‐4513 binds to a specific cerebellar protein, the binding of which has been shown to be insensitive to diazepam. The binding of [3H]Ro 15‐4513 was studied in washed membranes of the cerebellum, hippocampus, and cerebral cortex of two rat lines developed for differences in their sensitivity to ethanol‐induced motor impairment. Only minor differences were found in the estimated parameters (KD and Bmax) for the total specific binding between the rat lines. The main difference between the rat lines was, however, observed in the characteristics of the cerebellar binding, all of which was displaced by diazepam in most of the alcohol‐sensitive [alcohol‐nontolerant (ANT)] rats, in contrast to only 75% displacement in most of the alcohol‐insensitive [alcohol‐tolerant (AT)] ones. The following cerebellar results were obtained with the major subgroups of both lines, i.e., with the AT rats chosen for the presence of the diazepam‐insensitive binding and with the ANT rats chosen for its absence. The KD for the total specific [3H]Ro 15‐4513 binding in the ANT animals was about half of that in the AT animals. No line difference was found in the Bmax of the binding in these rats. Photolabeling with [3H]Ro 15‐4513 showed that the diazepam‐insensitive binding was in a protein with a molecular weight of 55,000. In the absence of diazepam, this band was labeled in both rat lines, but micromolar diazepam abolished the labeling more thoroughly in the ANT rats. There were only minor line differences in the potency of the inverse agonists ethyl‐β‐carboline‐3‐carboxylate, methyl‐6,7‐dimethoxy‐4‐ethyl‐β‐carboline‐3‐carboxylate, and FG 7142 (N‐methyl‐β‐carboline‐3‐carboxamide) to displace the cerebellar [3H]Ro 15‐4513 binding. This result suggests that the line difference has developed specifically in the affinity of the protein with a molecular weight of 55,000 to micromolar diazepam and possibly to other benzodiazepine agonists as well. Because the rat lines differ in their sensitivity to benzodiazepines in a similar way as to ethanol, the diazepam‐insensitive binding sites of [3H]Ro 15‐4513 might be involved in the mechanisms causing the impairment of motor performance after sedative drugs.
PSO based modeling of Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy motion controller for dynamic object tracking with mobile platform

Modeling of optimized motion controller is one of the interesting problems in the context of behavior based mobile robotics. Behavior based mobile robots should have an ideal controller to generate perfect action. In this paper, a nonlinear identification Takagi-Sugeno fuzzy motion controller has been designed to track the positions of a moving object with the mobile platform. The parameters of the controller are optimized with Particle swarm optimization (PSO) and stochastic approximation method. A gray predictor has also been developed to predict the position of the object when object is beyond the view field of the robot. The combined model has been tested on a Pioneer robot which tracks a triangular red box using a CCD camera and a laser sensor.
Death of a migrant: transnational death rituals and gender among British Sylhetis

In this article I discuss transnational burial rituals carried out in London and Sylhet. While collective identity and reaffirming social ties are important issues in discussing the burial of migrants in Sylhet, the main focus of the article is on gender. The analysis of what happens when Londonis die reveals a great deal about the differential effects of living between two places on men and women. While transnationalism may in some contexts be understood as potentially subversive, for the majority of Sylhetis in Britain movement between places is highly constrained by poverty and British immigration controls, as well as by particular gender and household relations. These in turn impact on men and women’s experiences of bereavement, as well as on their access to and relationship with the British state.
Adaptation des aînés à la résidence pour personnes âgées: Activité de loisirs et autodétermination

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to better understand adjustment and life satisfaction in later life. In particular, it examined the contribution of leisure participation and motivation toward leisure in older people’s adjustment to their nursing homes and their satisfaction with life. Study results underlined the contribution of participation in leisure activities both to the adaptation of an elderly person to his residence and to life satisfaction. In terms of adaptation to the residence, participation in recreational activities exhibited this mediational sequence: leisure participation → self-determined motivation for leisure → adjustment to nursing homes. This suggests that leisure participation has an indirect effect on older people’s adaptability. Various practical implications of this research emerge for the development of future recreational programs in nursing homes to promote seniors’ adaptation. RÉSUMÉ La présente étude avait pour ambition de contribuer à une meilleure compréhension de l’adaptation et de la satisfaction de vie dans l’âge avancé. Les effets de la participation aux activités de loisirs et de la motivation vis-à-vis des loisirs dans l’adaptation de la personne âgée à sa résidence ont été recherchés. Les résultats de l’étude soulignent la contribution de la participation aux activités de loisirs à la fois à l’adaptation de la personne âgée à sa résidence et à la satisfaction de vie. Pour ce qui est de l’adaptation à la résidence, la contribution de la participation aux activités de loisirs s’organise en une séquence médiationnelle : participation aux loisirs → motivation autodéterminée vis-à-vis des loisirs → adaptation de la personne âgée à sa résidence. Ceci suggère un effet indirect de la participation aux activités de loisirs sur l’adaptation de la personne âgée. Diverses implications pratiques émergent pour l’élaboration de futurs programmes d’activités de loisirs favorisant l’adaptation.
Application of 3.0T magnetic resonance arterial spin labeling (ASL) technology in mild and moderate intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis

The application value of 3.0T magnetic resonance arterial spin labeling (ASL) technology in mild and moderate intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis was evaluated. A total of 58 cases of transient ischemic attack (TIA) and 60 cases of ischemic cerebral apoplexy cases were selected. The cases were analysed using a GE Healthcare Signa HDx 3.0T superconducting whole-body magnetic resonance scan within 24 h of attack. Eight-channel head phased array coils and conventional sequence were used to create T1-weighted images (T1WI), T2WI, diffusion-weighted imaging, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and ASL imaging, which were generated into ASL pseudo-color images (blue was hypoperfusion area) through post-processing in order to compare and analyze the correlation and differences between ASL and conventional imaging in terms of lesion location, size, blood perfusion situation and signal range of relative cerebral blood flow (rCBF). The results showed that, 13 TIA cases of abnormal signal in conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can also be found through ASL technology. Diameter stenosis beyond 30% in MRA can also be tested in ASL. A positive rate in ASL was significantly higher than that of conventional MRI (χ2=29.078, P<0.001) and hypoperfusion area was greatly increased (t=32.526, P<0.001). The rCBF value was positively correlated with the degree of diameter stenosis shown in MRA (r=0.524, P=0.012). Additionally, the positive rate of ASL was positively correlated with the attack times of TIA (r=0.352, P=0.027). A total of 39 cerebral apoplexy cases of abnormal signal in conventional MRI were also found through ASL technology. A positive rate in ASL was significantly higher than that of conventional MRI (χ2=7.685, P=0.006) and hypoperfusion area was greatly increased (t=9.425, P<0.001). The rCBF value was positively correlated with the degree of diameter stenosis (r=0.635, P=0.009). In conclusion, 3.0T ASL correlated with early diagnosis of TIA and mild and moderate intracranial arterial stenosis of cerebral apoplexy.
Controlling the blood glucose of type 1 diabetes mice by co‐culturing MIN‐6 β cells on 3D scaffold

T1D is an autoimmune disease, which may be caused by lack of insulin‐secreting β cells due to damage of autoimmune system. Living with T1D is a challenge for the child and the family; cell transplantation is a treatment option for diabetes in children. To establish a microenvironment suitable for cell growth and proliferation as well as for sustained cellular function, we used MIN‐6 β cells as seed cells and SF‐IV collagen as a 3D composite scaffold to construct artificial pancreas in this experiment. The cell viabilities were determined by MTT assay, and the response of cells to different glucose concentrations was observed by glucose stimulation test. Artificial pancreas was transplanted into the abdominal cavity of T1D mice, and the changes of blood glucose were monitored. After 10 days, insulin expression was detected by immunohistochemical method, and the claybank stained area showed effectiveness of insulin secretion. A series of experiments showed that implantation of 3D cell scaffold into the abdominal cavity can effectively control the blood glucose level of T1D mice. It also had longer‐lasting hypoglycemic effects than simple cell transplantation, which was expected to become a new method for the treatment of T1D.
List Organizing Strategies Using Stochastic Move-to-Front and Stochastic Move-to-Rear Operations

Consider a list of elements $\{ R_1 , \cdots ,R_N \} $ in which the element $R_1 $ is accessed with an (unknown) probability $s_i $. If the cost of accessing $R_i $ is proportional to i (as in sequential search) then it is advantageous if each access is accompanied by a simple reordering operation. This operation is chosen so that ultimately the list will be sorted in the descending order of the access probabilities.In this paper we present two list organizing schemes, the first of which uses bounded memory and the second of which uses memory proportional to the number of elements in the list. Both of the schemes reorder the list by moving only the accessed element. However, as opposed to the schemes discussed in the literature the move operation is performed stochastically in such a way that ultimately no more move operations are performed. When this occurs we say that the scheme has converged. We shall show that: (i) The bounded memory stochastic move-to-front algorithm is expedient, but is always worse.
Standardized qualitative evaluation of scar tissue properties in an animal wound healing model

There is a great need to establish reproducible methods for evaluative studies of wound treatment and wound healing. Validation of the healing process through optical techniques, as well as histologic and immunohistochemical methodologies, have been improved and to some extent have become well‐established assays. Data relating to biomechanical properties, e.g., evaluation of the tensile strength of scar tissue that forms in experimental wound treatment strategies, are less widely available. We chose the domestic pig as an animal model in which to examine epidermal wound healing. We implanted specially made chambers that served to isolate the wounds and prevent epidermal migration from the edges. We performed histologic and immunohistochemical analyses as well as evaluation of biomechanical qualities of scar tissue using laser tensiometry. Pig skin is well suited for wound healing studies, and wound creation, implantation of the chambers, and the regular changing of dressings could all be carried out in the operating theater. In addition to established macroscopic evaluation and microscopic documentation, the need for objective biomechanical assessment of scar tissue by measuring tensile strength has been met using laser tensiometry. By optimizing methods for measuring tensile strength, it is possible to evaluate the biomechanical quality of scar tissue formed following different courses of wound treatment, as well as histologic assessment. (WOUND REP REG 2003;11:150–157)
Improving working memory in children with low language abilities

This study investigated whether working memory training is effective in enhancing verbal memory in children with low language abilities (LLA). Cogmed Working Memory Training was completed by a community sample of children aged 8–11 years with LLA and a comparison group with matched non-verbal abilities and age-typical language performance. Short-term memory (STM), working memory, language, and IQ were assessed before and after training. Significant and equivalent post-training gains were found in visuo-spatial short-term memory in both groups. Exploratory analyses across the sample established that low verbal IQ scores were strongly and highly specifically associated with greater gains in verbal STM, and that children with higher verbal IQs made greater gains in visuo-spatial short-term memory following training. This provides preliminary evidence that intensive working memory training may be effective for enhancing the weakest aspects of STM in children with low verbal abilities, and may also be of value in developing compensatory strategies.
All ears: radio, reception and discourses of disability

This article focuses on the way radio programmes deal with issues of disability in fictional and factual programming, from the perspective(s) of disabled listeners. I argue that, for the most part, radio does not offer a diverse range of images of disability and that too many programmes continue to treat the issue in highly partial terms, using an outmoded lexicon of disablist images and language. Areas of contention include: characterization and genre range in fictional programming; language and authority in fact-based shows; and structure, agency and employment in the industry more generally. Crucially, though, issues of (o)mission were just as important as those of (co)mission, where disability in radio is less a blot and more of a creater on the landscape of radio broadcasting.
Spiral CT angiography in the study of the carotid stenoses.

PURPOSE To determine sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of spiral CT angiography (S-CTA) compared to Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA). MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied 40 patients with suspected cerebro-vascular insufficiency by carotid stenosis. Diagnostic examinations by means of S-CTA and DSA were carried out within 24 hours of each other. Twelve of these patients underwent thromboendoarterectomy (TEA). Prospeed SX GE was used for S-CTA. Post-processing was performed using Maximum Intensity Projection (MIP) after deleting osteo-muscular structures and CT angiograms were displayed in an oblique anterior view at an angle of 10 degrees-15 degrees along the longitudinal axis. For DSA examinations, a Siemens Politron 1000 VR unit was used. RESULTS In this study S-CTA showed values of sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy of 88%, 100% and 96%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS In the future, with the improvement of non-invasive techniques (S-CTA, MRA), DSA should be replaced, as the gold-standard, in the evaluation of stenotic disease of the carotid bifurcation.
The FLF MADS Box Gene: A Repressor of Flowering in Arabidopsis Regulated by Vernalization and Methylation

A MADS box gene, FLF (for FLOWERING LOCUS F), isolated from a late-flowering, T-DNA–tagged Arabidopsis mutant, is a semidominant gene encoding a repressor of flowering. The FLF gene appears to integrate the vernalization-dependent and autonomous flowering pathways because its expression is regulated by genes in both pathways. The level of FLF mRNA is downregulated by vernalization and by a decrease in genomic DNA methylation, which is consistent with our previous suggestion that vernalization acts to induce flowering through changes in gene activity that are mediated through a reduction in DNA methylation. The flf-1 mutant requires a greater than normal amount of an exogenous gibberellin (GA3) to decrease flowering time compared with the wild type or with vernalization-responsive late-flowering mutants, suggesting that the FLF gene product may block the promotion of flowering by GAs. FLF maps to a region on chromosome 5 near the FLOWERING LOCUS C gene, which is a semidominant repressor of flowering in late-flowering ecotypes of Arabidopsis.
Child-care burden and intentions to have a second child: effects of perceived justice in the division of child-care

Fertility rates have fallen dramatically in Western Europe during the last 50 years. Initially explanations were tied to women taking on work obligations and choosing to reduce their fertility. But this explanation is no longer valid in Western Europe because those countries where women are least likely to work, the Mediterranean countries, are also among the countries with the lowest fertility rates. A more recent explanation rests on the availability of child-care; for example, Sweden and France have universal child-care and fertility rates near replacement. Much of this discussion has focused on socio-political conditions and structural explanations outside of the family, e.g. state policies and programs to support working mothers, as well as institutional models of the family as a breadwinner family or as a non-breadwinner family (cf. McDonald 2000a). Clearly there have been many important changes in this area. But, perhaps, even more important to understanding fertility decisions may be what is happening to interpersonal relationships within the couple. One aspect of this decision which has not been fully explored is an understanding of the perceived justice of the couple situation after the birth of the first child and its impact on the decision for a second child. This research will review the concept of justice, with a focus on justice in the division of child-care, and indicate how it can be used to understand a woman's fertility plans after the birth of the first child.
Learning to become a CLIL teacher: teaching, reflection and professional development

Abstract This case study is part of a larger project which aims to determine the usefulness and validity of a model of a pre-service content and language integrated learning (CLIL) teacher education programme inserted in a Master's degree, whose main pedagogical option is to achieve teacher empowerment through cycles of collaborative teaching and shared reflection. More specifically, the two-fold goal of the study is to describe the nature of the student–teacher's main accomplishments on her teaching practice, if any, as well as on the quality of her reflection on that teaching practice; and to identify and characterise key stages in her developmental process throughout. The analysis adopts an ethnographic perspective and explores fragments of videotaped CLIL science lessons in English/L3 and other multimodal data (student–teacher's journal, academic reports and instructor's field notes) collected in a master's degree for secondary teachers in Barcelona, where Catalan and Spanish are co-official. Through .