Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Idoso institucionalizado: o que sente, percebe e deseja?

This work it is a new reality that has emerged, the elderly before the institutionalization process that involves several steps, leaves home and goes to live with rules, a new place with unfamiliar people. The aim of this study was to identify what this feels old, and want to see the face of all these changes, show the feelings that surround this old. Through this study we can observe a predominance of elderly females between 70-80 years old, unmarried, the reasons that led the institution, to be alone. This study brings important stories of the elderly on the whole process of institutionalization, where one can conclude that despite all the technology and evolution, there is a group of people without support from society and family, who want to live, be happy, have feelings , desires, realize your space is reduced and no alternative left to the institution.
Social Desirability Related to Children's Age, Sex, and Willingness to Help

The association of social desirability with children's age, sex, and willingness to help was explored among 335 randomly sampled pupils, ages 9 to 12 yr. (Grades 3 to 5). Willingness to help, designed by Kalliopuska in 1980, and the Crandall, Crandall, and Katkovsky Social Desirability Questionnaire were given; scores on social desirability and willingness to help decreased as a function of age among boys and girls. The change from moral realism to moral autonomy and the intellectual changes among the children seem to affect the change from normative helping to autonomous helping.
Coevolutionary Genetic Algorithms for Solving Dynamic Constraint Satisfaction Problems

In this paper, we discuss the adaptability of Coevolutionary Genetic Algorithms on dynamic environments. Our CGA consists of two populations: solution-level one and schema-level one. The solution-level population searches for the good solution in a given problem. The schema-level population searches for the good schemata in the former population. Our CGA performs effectively by exchanging genetic information between these populations. Also, we define Dynamic Constraint Satisfaction Problems as such dynamic environments. General CSPs are defined by two stochastic parameters: density and tightness, then, Dynamic CSPs are defined as a sequence of static constraint networks of General CSPs. Computational results on DCSPs confirm us the effectiveness of our approach.
Estimating the Costs of VA Ambulatory Care

This article reports how we matched Common Procedure Terminology (CPT)codes with Medicare payment rates and aggregate Veterans Affairs (VA)budget data to estimate the costs of every VA ambulatory encounter. Converting CPT codes to encounter-level costs was more complex than a simple match of Medicare reimbursements to CPT codes. About 40 percent of the CPT codes used in VA, representing about 20 percent of procedures, did not have a Medicare payment rate and required other cost estimates. Reconciling aggregated estimated costs to the VA budget allocations for outpatient care produced final VA cost estimates that were lower than projected Medicare reimbursements. The methods used to estimate costs for encounters could be replicated for other settings. They are potentially useful for any system that does not generate billing data, when CPT codes are simpler to collect than billing data, or when there is a need to standardize cost estimates across data sources.
Differential Simultaneous Liver and Kidney Transplant Benefit Based on Severity of Liver Damage at the Time of Transplantation

Background We evaluated the concept of whether liver failure patients with a superimposed kidney injury receiving a simultaneous liver and kidney transplant (SLKT) have similar outcomes compared to patients with liver failure without a kidney injury receiving a liver transplantation (LT) alone. Methods Using data from the United Network of Organ Sharing (UNOS) database, patients were divided into five groups based on pre-transplant model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) scores and categorized as not having (serum creatinine (sCr) ≤ 1.5 mg/dL) or having (sCr > 1.5 mg/dL) renal dysfunction. Of 30,958 patients undergoing LT, 14,679 (47.5%) had renal dysfunction, and of those, 5,084 (16.4%) had dialysis. Results Survival in those (liver failure with renal dysfunction) receiving SLKT was significantly worse (P < 0.001) as compared to those with sCr < 1.5 mg/dL (liver failure only). The highest mortality rate observed was 21% in the 36+ MELD group with renal dysfunction with or without SLKT. In high MELD recipients (MELD > 30) with renal dysfunction, presence of renal dysfunction affects the outcome and SLKT does not improve survival. In low MELD recipients (16 - 20), presence of renal dysfunction at the time of transplantation does affect post-transplant survival, but survival is improved with SLKT. Conclusions SLKT improved 1-year survival only in low MELD (16 - 20) recipients but not in other groups. Performance of SLKT should be limited to patients where a benefit in survival and post-transplant outcomes can be demonstrated.
Long-term results after splenectomy in adult idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura: comparison between open and laparoscopic procedures.

BACKGROUND Only a few studies have addressed long-term results comparing laparoscopic and open splenectomy in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). We analyzed the 1-year results comparing age, sex, length of preoperative steroid therapy, diagnosis-to-splenectomy interval, and preoperative platelet count in relation to postoperative response after open and laparoscopic splenectomy. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Data collected from two groups, treated by laparoscopic and open splenectomy, respectively, of 20 patients each were retrospectively reviewed. Positive response to splenectomies, evaluated according to the International Working Group guidelines reported by the American Society of Hematology, was statistically related through Student's t test and the Pearson correlation test to the above-mentioned factors. RESULTS Positive response to splenectomy was observed in 80% and 85% of patients, respectively, in the laparoscopic and open groups (P > .10). No statistical differences were observed comparing each of the studied factors between laparoscopic and open splenectomy responder patients (P > .10). When percentage increase of postoperative platelet count was related to diagnosis-to-splenectomy interval, a positive correlation was found in the laparoscopic group (r = 0.544, P < .05). In addition, a significant negative correlation in both groups was observed comparing preoperative platelet count and percentage postoperative platelet increase, with a greater increase of postoperative platelet count in patients with a lower preoperative platelet count (laparoscopic group, r = -0.663; open group, r = -0.656; P < .01). CONCLUSIONS In this series long-term results after laparoscopic splenectomy in ITP patients were as effective as after the open approach. Higher postoperative platelet percentage increase was achieved in both groups in patients with a lower preoperative platelet count. Finally, laparoscopic splenectomy in this study seems to be superior to the open approach in patients with a longer diagnosis-to-splenectomy interval.
Does Being Attractive Always Help? Positive and Negative Effects of Attractiveness on Social Decision Making

Previous studies of organizational decision making demonstrate an abundance of positive biases directed toward highly attractive individuals. The current research, in contrast, suggests that when the person being evaluated is of the same sex as the evaluator, attractiveness hurts, rather than helps. Three experiments assessing evaluations of potential job candidates (Studies 1 and 3) and university applicants (Study 2) demonstrated positive biases toward highly attractive other-sex targets but negative biases toward highly attractive same-sex targets. This pattern was mediated by variability in participants’ desire to interact with versus avoid the target individual (Studies 1 and 2) and was moderated by participants’ level of self-esteem (Study 3); the derogation of attractive same-sex targets was not observed among people with high self-esteem. Findings demonstrate an important exception to the positive effects of attractiveness in organizational settings and suggest that negative responses to attractive same-sex targets stem from perceptions of self-threat.
Blaming the victim.

Over the past few months there has been a lot of publicity given to victims of various tragedies and incidents, for example, there have been the victims of the summer floods, the disappearance of Madeleine McCann and the parents of Rhys Jones. The majority of the support and public interest shown has been very positive and helpful towards these victims. This is probably because of the nature of the events which led up to the incidents and because it was not really the victims fault for what happened. They just happened to be caught up in a chain of events that happened outside of their control.
Towards Better Decoding and Language Model Integration in Sequence to Sequence Models

The recently proposed Sequence-to-Sequence (seq2seq) framework advocates replacing complex data processing pipelines, such as an entire automatic speech recognition system, with a single neural network trained in an end-to-end fashion. In this contribution, we analyse an attention-based seq2seq speech recognition system that directly transcribes recordings into characters. We observe two shortcomings: overconfidence in its predictions and a tendency to produce incomplete transcriptions when language models are used. We propose practical solutions to both problems achieving competitive speaker independent word error rates on the Wall Street Journal dataset: without separate language models we reach 10.6% WER, while together with a trigram language model, we reach 6.7% WER.
Comparative In Vitro Activities of XRP 2868, Pristinamycin, Quinupristin-Dalfopristin, Vancomycin, Daptomycin, Linezolid, Clarithromycin, Telithromycin, Clindamycin, and Ampicillin against Anaerobic Gram-Positive Species, Actinomycetes, and Lactobacilli

ABSTRACT A comparative study of the in vitro activities of XRP 2868, a new oral streptogramin, against 266 anaerobic gram-positive clinical isolates using the agar dilution method showed that the XRP 2868 MICs for 95% (254 of 266) of isolates were ≤0.5 μg/ml. XRP 2868 MICs for only two strains, one being Clostridium clostridioforme (MIC, 16 μg/ml) and the other being Clostridium difficile (MIC, 32 μg/ml), were >2 μg/ml. Depending on its pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, XRP 2868 has potential for use against infections with gram-positive anaerobes and deserves further clinical evaluation.
Influence of training load on upper respiratory tract infection incidence and antigen‐stimulated cytokine production

This study examined the effect of training load on upper respiratory tract infection (URTI) incidence in men and women engaged in endurance‐based physical activity during winter and sought to establish if there are training‐associated differences in immune function related to patterns of illness. Seventy‐five individuals provided resting blood and saliva samples for determination of markers of systemic immunity. Weekly training and illness logs were kept for the following 4 months. Comparisons were made between subjects (n = 25) who reported that they exercised 3–6 h/week (LOW), 7–10 h/week (MED) or ≥ 11 h/week (HIGH). The HIGH and MED groups had more URTI episodes than the LOW group (2.4 ± 2.8 and 2.6 ± 2.2 vs 1.0 ± 1.6, respectively: P < 0.05). The HIGH group had approximately threefold higher interleukin (IL)‐2, IL‐4 and IL‐10 production (all P < 0.05) by antigen‐stimulated whole blood culture than the LOW group and the MED group had twofold higher IL‐10 production than the LOW group (P < 0.05). Other immune variables were not influenced by training load. It is concluded that high levels of physical activity are associated with increased risk of URTI and this may be related to an elevated anti‐inflammatory cytokine response to antigen challenge.
Contemporary Use of Prasugrel in Clinical Practice: Insights From the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium

Background— Prasugrel is a recently approved thienopyridine for use in patients with acute coronary syndromes undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. There are no data on contemporary use of prasugrel in routine clinical practice. Methods and Results— We assessed the patterns of prasugrel use among 55 821 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention and were discharged alive from January 2010 to December 2011 at 44 hospitals participating in the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium. Potential inappropriate therapy was defined as use in patients who had a history of cerebrovascular disease, weighed <60 kg, or were aged ≥75 years old. Clopidogrel was prescribed to 83% (n=46 574) and 17% (n=9247) of patients received prasugrel on hospital discharge. A steady, linear increase in prasugrel use was seen during the study period, with discharge prescription increasing from 8.4% in quarter 1 of 2010 to 22.3% in quarter 4 of 2011. Of the total cohort, 69.1% of patients presented with acute coronary syndrome, and in this group, 17.2% received prasugrel. Among patients prescribed prasugrel, 28.3% (n=2614) received the medication for indications outside of acute coronary syndromes. One or more known contraindications to the drug were present in 6% to 10% of patients discharged on this agent. Conclusions— There has been a steady increase in the use of prasugrel with the drug being used in ≈22% of patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention by study end. Prasugrel use in patients with known contraindications is not uncommon and may be a suitable target for focused quality improvement efforts.
Sex differences in school achievement: what are the roles of personality and achievement motivation?

It is consistently reported that despite equal cognitive ability, girls outperform boys in school. In several methodological steps, the present study examined sex differences in school achievement and some of the most important personality and motivational constructs in a sample of 204 females and 138 adolescent males (mean age M = 16.94 years; SD = 0.71). Grades in Math and German as well as grade point average (GPA) served as achievement criteria. Intelligence, the Big Five of personality and motivational variables (achievement motives, goal orientation, task values and ability self‐concepts) served as predictors. After controlling for intelligence, girls' grades were significantly better than boys'. Mean sex differences were found for most variables. There were no gender‐specific associations between predictors and grades. Agreeableness, work avoidance, ability self‐concepts and values ascribed to German mediated the association between sex and grades in German. Controlling for ability self‐concepts and values ascribed to Math enhanced the association between sex and math grades. We concluded that personality and motivation play important roles in explaining sex differences in school attainment. Results are discussed against the background of practical and methodological implications. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Sensitive Cell-Based Assay for Determination of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Coreceptor Tropism

ABSTRACT CCR5 antagonists are a powerful new class of antiretroviral drugs that require a companion assay to evaluate the presence of CXCR4-tropic (non-R5) viruses prior to use in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals. In this study, we have developed, characterized, verified, and prevalidated a novel phenotypic test to determine HIV-1 coreceptor tropism (VERITROP) based on a sensitive cell-to-cell fusion assay. A proprietary vector was constructed containing a near-full-length HIV-1 genome with the yeast uracil biosynthesis (URA3) gene replacing the HIV-1 env coding sequence. Patient-derived HIV-1 PCR products were introduced by homologous recombination using an innovative yeast-based cloning strategy. The env-expressing vectors were then used in a cell-to-cell fusion assay to determine the presence of R5 and/or non-R5 HIV-1 variants within the viral population. Results were compared with (i) the original version of Trofile (Monogram Biosciences, San Francisco, CA), (ii) population sequencing, and (iii) 454 pyrosequencing, with the genotypic data analyzed using several bioinformatics tools, i.e., the 11/24/25 rule, Geno2Pheno (2% to 5.75%, 3.5%, or 10% false-positive rate [FPR]), and webPSSM. VERITROP consistently detected minority non-R5 variants from clinical specimens, with an analytical sensitivity of 0.3%, with viral loads of ≥1,000 copies/ml, and from B and non-B subtypes. In a pilot study, a 73.7% (56/76) concordance was observed with the original Trofile assay, with 19 of the 20 discordant results corresponding to non-R5 variants detected using VERITROP and not by the original Trofile assay. The degree of concordance of VERITROP and Trofile with population and deep sequencing results depended on the algorithm used to determine HIV-1 coreceptor tropism. Overall, VERITROP showed better concordance with deep sequencing/Geno2Pheno at a 0.3% detection threshold (67%), whereas Trofile matched better with population sequencing (79%). However, 454 sequencing using Geno2Pheno at a 10% FPR and 0.3% threshold and VERITROP more accurately predicted the success of a maraviroc-based regimen. In conclusion, VERITROP may promote the development of new HIV coreceptor antagonists and aid in the treatment and management of HIV-infected individuals prior to and/or during treatment with this class of drugs.
Functional communication training to replace challenging behaviors across two behavioral outcomes

The purpose of the present study was to demonstrate the effectiveness of an intervention that included extinction and functional communication training for the reduction of multiply controlled, self-injurious, and aggressive behaviors in a boy with autism, in a school setting. Analysis of behavioral antecedents and consequences suggested that self-injury and aggression served the dual behavioral outcomes of escape from difficult tasks, and access to preferred objects. Treatment consisted of teaching the boy an alternate request, while challenging behaviors were concurrently placed on extinction. Acquisition of the alternate requests was associated with a decrease to zero levels of self-injury and aggression across the two behavioral outcomes, which was maintained when a 5 second delay was implemented. Results indicate that challenging behaviors with different behavioral outcomes can be replaced with functionally equivalent communication. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Towards an airborne high temperature SiC inverter

SiC devices enable for high temperature operation of power converters. The paper describes the laboratory step by step work towards an airborne high temperature inverter : 200C cooling source, 4 kVA power. From 'JFET only' to 'full three phase power stage' tested up to 250C, including capacitor. Device samples are characterized in order to set the requirements for the gate driver and to evaluate maximum switchable power. Switching losses are measured using high precision shunt and voltage probes. A prototype is built and operation under full load (15A) is verified.
Supervising Students for Higher Degrees by Research in a Social Work Department

Summary This article examines the processes of supervision for a higher degree in social work from the point of view of the supervisor. It suggests that students have a variety of motives for doing a higher degree and start at different points. There are necessary processes to go through on the way to submitting a thesis and this is an emotional as well as an intellectual journey.
Gender and Job Values

Les recherches concernant les differences en matiere de salaire entre les sexes ont ete considerablement influencees par la theorie du capital humain et par celle de la segmentation du marche du travail. Ces deux theories envisagent les differences dans ce domaine uniquement en terme d'allocation du temps disponible entre celui passe sur le lieu de travail et celui passe au domicile et sur son influence sur les decisions en terme de carriere professionnelle. Les differences de salaire entre les sexes affectent les choix professionnels aussi bien que la facon d'exercer son metier. Les AA. presentent une analyse des differences en matiere de salaire entre les deux sexes concernant des lyceens americains qui ont obtenu leur diplome entre 1976 et 1991
Delay in completion of doctoral dissertations in clinical psychology

It was hypothesized that students in clinical psychology delay completion of their doctoral dissertations because of cognitive and affective factors that cause procrastination behavior, the conflicting demands of the Boulder Model, and demographic or situational factors. A survey was sent to graduates and current students in the PhD program in psychology at Kent State University. A response rate of 58.4% was obtained. Clinical respondents who delayed had higher total scores on the Procrastination Inventory developed by the authors on the basis of the theoretical and empirical literature. They also scored higher on several subscales of the inventory. Demographic and situational variables, but not factors associated with the Boulder Model, were predictive of delay. The results are discussed in terms of implications for the training of graduate students.
Mutations in LAMB2 causing a severe form of synaptic congenital myasthenic syndrome

Background: We describe a severe form of congenital myasthenic syndrome (CMS) associated with congenital nephrosis and ocular malformations caused by two truncating mutations in the gene encoding the laminin β2 subunit (LAMB2). Methods and results: Mutational analysis in the affected patient, who has a history of a serious untoward reaction to treatment with acetylcholinesterase inhibition, revealed two frame-shifting heteroallelic mutations, a maternally inherited 1478delG and a paternally inherited 4804delC. An anconeus muscle biopsy demonstrated a profound distortion of the architecture and function of the neuromuscular junction, which was strikingly similar to that seen in mice lacking laminin β2 subunit. The findings included: pronounced reduction of the axon terminal size with encasement of the nerve endings by Schwann cells, severe widening of the primary synaptic cleft and invasion of the synaptic space by the processes of Schwann cells, and moderate simplification of postsynaptic folds and intact expression of the endplate acetylcholinesterase. The endplate potential quantal content was notably reduced, while the frequencies and amplitudes of miniature endplate potentials were only moderately diminished and the decay phases of miniature endplate potentials were normal. Western blot analysis of muscle and kidney tissue and immunohistochemistry of kidney tissue showed no laminin β2 expression. Conclusion: This case, which represents a new type of synaptic CMS, exemplifies the wide variability of phenotypes associated with LAMB2 mutations and underscores the fundamental role that laminin β2 plays in the development of the human neuromuscular junction.