Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effects of Anisotropic Yield Functions on Prediction of Forming Limit Diagram for AHS Steel

In this study, experimental and numerical analyses of Forming Limit Diagram (FLD) for Advanced High Strength (AHS) steel grade 980 were performed. Forming limit curve was first determined by means of the Nakazima stretch-forming test. Then, analytical calculations of the FLD based on the Marciniak-Kuczynski (M-K) model were carried out. Different yield criteria, namely, Hill’48 (r-value and stress-based), Yld89 (r-value and stress-based) and Barlat2000 (Yld2000-2d) were investigated. The strain hardening law according to Swift was applied. To identify parameters of each model, uniaxial tension, balanced bi-axial bulge test and in-plane biaxial tension test were performed. As a result, predicted plastic flow stresses and plastic anisotropies of the AHS steel by various directions were evaluated. In addition, effects of the anisotropic yield functions, strain rate sensitivities, imperfection values and work hardening coefficient on the predicted FLD were studied and discussed. It was found that the FLD based on the Yld2000-2d yield criterion was in better agreement with the experimental curve. Accuracy of the FLD predictions based on the M-K theory, especially in the biaxial state of stress, significantly depended on the applied yield criteria, for which yield stresses and r-values of different loading directions were required.
Diagnostic Value of the lncRNA NEAT1 in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Patients with Sepsis

Background This study aims to evaluate the diagnostic value of nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1 (NEAT1) expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) for the early diagnosis of sepsis. Methods A total of 59 patients with sepsis, 52 noninfectious SIRS patients, and 56 healthy controls were recruited fort this study. The levels of NEAT1 expression in PBMCs were measured using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Results Compared with healthy controls, NEAT1 expression of PBMCs in sepsis and SIRS groups were significantly increased (3.76 ± 0.71- and 1.64 ± 0.43-fold, resp.) (P < 0.01), but NEAT1 levels are significantly lower in the SIRS group than in the sepsis group, and there was no statistical significant relevance between survivors and nonsurvivors in patients with sepsis. NEAT1 with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.851 (95% CI: 0.812–0.935) indicated sensitivity (67.85%) and specificity (87.27%) for the diagnosis for sepsis, the positive predictive value (PPV) was 83.3%, and the negative predictive value (NPV) was 71.6%. The AUC for NEAT1 in the diagnosis of SIRS versus healthy controls was 0.755 (95% CI: 0.664–0.847), with 69.23% sensitivity and 70.91% specificity, the PPV was 72.3%, and the NPV was 72.49%. Conclusion Measurement of NEAT1 expression in PBMCs could be considered as a good additive marker for the diagnosis of sepsis.
Effect of supplemental phytase and xylanase in wheat-based diets on prececal phosphorus digestibility and phytate degradation in young turkeys

ABSTRACT This study aimed to investigate the effect of phytase and a combination of phytase and xylanase on the prececal phosphorus digestibility (pcdP) of wheat‐based diets in turkeys. A low‐P basal diet (BD) based on cornstarch and soybean meal, and 2 diets containing 43% of different wheat genotypes (genotype diets GD6 or GD7) were fed to turkeys from 20 to 27 d of age. Diets were fed either without enzyme supplementation or supplemented with phytase (500 FTU/kg) or a combination of phytase and xylanase (16,000 BXU/kg). At 27 d of age, digesta were sampled from the lower ileum of animals to determine pcdP and pc myo‐inositol 1,2,3,4,5,6‐hexakis (dihydrogen phosphate) (InsP6) disappearance, and to analyze the concentrations of lower inositol phosphate isomers. Similar pcdP was observed in non‐supplemented BD and GD (˜36%). Phytase alone increased the pcdP in all diets by 8 to 12%, but a beneficial effect of xylanase was found only for BD. Similar results were found for pc InsP6 disappearance, although xylanase addition compared to phytase alone decreased pc InsP6 disappearance in GD7 compared to phytase alone. Animals fed GD7 performed better than those fed GD6; however, these differences could not be linked to the pcdP. The pattern of lower inositol phosphates in digesta also changed with enzyme supplementation, resulting in lower proportions of InsP5 and higher proportions of InsP4. Phytase alone decreased Ins(1,2,3,4,6)P5 but increased D‐Ins(1,2,3,4,5)P5 and D‐Ins(1,2,5,6)P4 concentrations. An additional increase in D‐Ins(1,2,3,4,5)P5 and D‐Ins(1,2,5,6)P4 concentrations was achieved with xylanase, although for the former isomer, this was observed only with GD. These results indicate that enzyme supplementation alters the pc degradation of InsP6, and that combining both enzymes had a minor additional effect on the pcdP from wheat‐based diets when compared to phytase alone.
EFFECTS OF SORBED WATER ON DIMENSION, COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH AND SWELLING PRESSURE OF HARDENED CEMENT PASTE

EXPERIMENTAL WORK DEALING WITH THE INTERACTION OF WATER AND SOLID IN THE POWERS MODEL OF HARDENED CEMENT PASTE IS PRESENTED IN THREE SECTIONS' /1/ OBSERVATION OF SHRINKAGE, SWELLING AND GAIN OR LOSS OF MOISTURE FOR SPECIMENS BROUGHT TO EQUILIBRIUM AT VARIOUS VALUES OF THE AMBIENT RELATIVE HUMIDITY, /2/ DIRECT MEASUREMENT OF SWELLING PRESSURE, AND /3/ VARIATION OF CUBE STRENGTH WITH THE QUANTITY OF EVAPORABLE WATER. THE RESULTS SUPPORT THE VIEW THAT SHRINKAGE STRAINS MAY ON THE FIRST DESORPTION CYCLE BE REPRESENTED BY A DISCONTINUOUS FUNCTION OF HYDROSTATIC STRESS CALCULATED BY MEANS OF THE KELVIN EQUATION. THE FUNCTION CONSISTS OF TWO NEARLY LINEAR PORTIONS, ONE ASSOCIATED WITH THE ACTION OF FILM PRESSURE TOGETHER WITH HYDROSTATIC TENSION, AND THE OTHER WITH FILM PRESSURE ALONE. AT THE START OF DRYING THE SHRINKAGE IS PREDOMINANTLY DUE TO HYDROSTATIC TENSION WHICH, ACCORDING TO POWERS, IS EFFECTIVE OVER THE WHOLE SURFACE AREA OF THE SOLID. AS THE EQUILIBRIUM RELATIVE HUMIDITY IN THE PORES IS REDUCED BELOW ABOUT 45 PERCENT, THE HYDROSTATIC TENSION EXCEEDS THE FRACTURE STRENGTH OF WATER AND FURTHER SHRINKAGE IS ASSOCIATED WITH DIMINUTION OF FILM PRESSURE AND ELASTIC RECOVERY OF THE SOLID. THE FUNCTIONS RELATING SWELLING AND SHRINKAGE STRAINS WITH CHANGE IN SURFACE ENERGY CALCULATED ACCORDING TO THE GIBBS EQUATION ARE GENERALLY SIGMOIDOL IN SHAPE, BUT ARE NEARLY LINEAR ON ADSORPTION FROM THE OVEN DRY CONDITION. THE EXTERNAL MECHANICAL FORCE NECESSARY TO PREVENT SWELLING WAS MEASURED AND EQUATED TO THE STRESS IN PORE WATER CALCULATED ACCORDING TO THE KELVIN EQUATION MULTIPLIED BY AN EFFECTIVE AREA FACTOR. IT WAS FOUND THAT VARIATIONS IN CUBE STRENGTH WITH PORE WATER CONTENT COULD BE EXPRESSED AS A LINEAR FUNCTION OF THE PRODUCT OF HYDROSTATIC STRESS ACCORDING TO THE KELVIN EQUATION AND THE APPARENT EFFECTIVE AREA. ATTEMPTS TO REMOVE THE DISCONTINUITY IN SHRINKAGE STRAIN VS HYDROSTATIC STRESS CURVES USING EFFECTIVE AREA FACTORS OBTAINED IN THE SWELLING PRESSURE TEST WERE NOT SUCCESSFUL.
Effects of shoot stiffness, shoot size and current velocity on scouring sediment from around seedlings and propagules

Successful management and restoration of coastal vegetation requires a quantitative process-based understanding of thresholds hampering (re-)establishment of pioneer vegetation. We expected scouring to be important in explaining the disappearance of seedlings and/or small propag- ules of intertidal plant species, and therefore quantified the dependence of scouring on plant traits (flexibility, size) and physical forcing by current velocity. Flume studies with unidirectional flow revealed that scouring around seedlings increased exponentially with current velocity and according to a power relationship with plant size. Basal stem diameter rather than shoot length controlled scour- ing volume. Flexible shoots caused far less scouring than stiff shoots, provided that the bending occurred near the sediment surface as was the case for Zostera, and not on top of a solid tussock base as we observed for Puccinellia. Therefore, shoot stiffness is likely to strongly affect the chances for initial establishment in hydrodynamically exposed areas. Plant traits such as shoot stiffness are sub- ject to a trade-off between advantages and disadvantages, the outcome of which depends on the physical settings.
A Design Methodology for MOS Current Mode Logic VCO

A new model of low power MOS current mode logic (MCML) voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) is proposed. The proposed MCML VCO interpolates nine MCML inverters in ring structure with additional transistors biased using control voltage, Vc1, to control the current and frequency of the ring oscillator so made. Each inverter in the ring is made of two different current sources, where the one being biased using a constant voltage source (Vc) pumps current constantly and the other pumps current depending on arrival data. The current mode logic (CML) reduces the power consumption and the CML inverter with extra transistor improves the gain of the VCO by increasing the slope of the output frequency, fVCO vs. Vc1. The frequency can be tuned between 292 MHz and 1.54 GHz by varying Vc1 from 0.6 V to 1.4 V for Vc=0.6 V. An average current of 497 μA (895 μW) was consumed by these nine MCML inverters to generate signals with a frequency of 1.07 GHz from a 1.8 V supply.
Dyadic Perceptions of the Decision Process in Families Living With Lung Cancer.

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To use dyadic analyses to identify determinants of patients' and family members' perceptions of the positive and negative aspects of the decision-making process in families living with lung cancer. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Community setting in Greater Portland, Oregon. SAMPLE 109 family care dyads (patient and family member) recruited from a statewide cancer registry. METHODS Surveys were completed in-person, separately, and privately by each member of the family care dyad. Secondary analysis was completed using multilevel modeling. MAIN RESEARCH VARIABLES Negative and positive aspects of the decision process. FINDINGS Level 1 data revealed significant variability across care dyads' positive or negative perceptions of the decision-making process. Level 2 results for negative perceptions of decision making indicated that patient and family member perceptions were significantly associated with their own depressive symptoms and feelings of not being listened to by others. Level 2 results for positive perceptions of decision making indicated that patient and family member perceptions were significantly inversely associated with their own feelings of not being listened to and being in nonspousal relationships. In addition, family members' perceptions were more positive when the patients were older. CONCLUSIONS This study highlighted the complexity of the decision-making process in families with lung cancer, and underscored the importance of the care dyad feeling listened to by family members in the context of life-threatening illnesses. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING Nurses assisting families with decisions about lung cancer should be aware of the dynamics of the care dyad and how the decision process is perceived by patients and their family members.
Impact of Oral Fidaxomicin Administration on the Intestinal Microbiota and Susceptibility to Clostridium difficile Colonization in Mice

ABSTRACT Clostridium difficile infection (CDI), a common cause of hospital-acquired infections, typically occurs after disruption of the normal gut microbiome by broad-spectrum antibiotics. Fidaxomicin is a narrow-spectrum antibiotic that demonstrates a reduced impact on the normal gut microbiota and is approved for the treatment of CDI. To further explore the benefits of this property, we used a murine model to examine the effects of fidaxomicin versus vancomycin on gut microbiota and susceptibility to C. difficile colonization while tracking microbiota recovery over time. Mice were exposed to fidaxomicin or vancomycin by oral gavage for 3 days and subsequently challenged with C. difficile spores at predetermined time points up to 21 days postexposure to antibiotics. Fecal samples were subsequently collected for analysis. Twenty-four hours postchallenge, mice were euthanized and the colon contents harvested. The microbiota was characterized using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. All fidaxomicin-exposed mice (except for one at day 8) were resistant to C. difficile colonization. However, 9 of 15 vancomycin-exposed mice were susceptible to C. difficile colonization until day 12. All vancomycin-exposed mice recovered colonization resistance by day 16. Bacterial diversity was similar prior to antibiotic exposure in both arms and decreased substantially after exposure. A shift in taxonomic structure and composition occurred after both exposures; however, the shift was greater in vancomycin-exposed than in fidaxomicin-exposed mice. In summary, compared with vancomycin, fidaxomicin exposure had less impact on microbiota composition, promoted faster microbial recovery, and had less impact on the loss of C. difficile colonization resistance.
The C-reactive protein/albumin ratio predicts long-term outcomes of patients with operable non-small cell lung cancer

Purpose To investigate the association between C-reactive protein/albumin ratio (CAR), an inflammation-based prognostic score, and clinicopathological factors, as well as its association with long-term outcomes in patients with operable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods A total of 617 operable NSCLC patients were retrospectively evaluated and the data of preoperative serum CRP and serum albumin was collected. The correlation between the CAR and clinicopathological factors was analyzed using the chi-square test. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was performed to evaluate the association between the CAR and outcome. Results The CAR was significantly related to sex, smoking status, BMI, histology type and clinical stage (p = 0.05). The patients with characteristic of male, smoker, BMI under 18.5, squamous cell carcinoma or clinical stage III had a high level of CAR. Additionally, elevated CAR indicated a worse outcome, and the patients with higher CAR had 2.02-fold risk for disease progression (95% CI 1.48-2.74, p < 0.001) and 2.61-fold risk for death (95 % CI 2.02-3.37, p < 0.001). Multivariate analyses showed the similar results after adjusted by clinicopathological factors and another four inflammation-based prognostic scores. Conclusions The CAR is a potential independent predictor for disease progression and death in patients with operable NSCLC.
Managing Thermally Derated Torque of an Electrified Powertrain Through LPV Control

Vehicle with electrified powertrains exhibit degraded performance when operated in hot environments. When the operating and surrounding temperatures rise, an electric drive suffers from torque derating as its parameters change. This paper proposes a linear parameter varying (LPV) based observer controller pair to address this problem. The feedback field oriented control (FOC) is the most commonly adopted instantaneous torque control method for an electrified powertrain drive system. The flux and torque performance of a conventional feedback FOC deteriorates under the vast uncertainties in rotor and stator resistance due to temperature variations during electric vehicle (EV) operation. To cater for these uncertain scenarios, a robust closed-loop observer is designed to estimate the thermally derated torque and flux. The stability of the whole LPV scheme is established. The efficacy of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated for an EV operating in federal urban driving schedule with a dynamic temperature profile. The nonlinear simulation results confirm the LPV observer capability to successfully estimate the flux and derated torque in an EV drive system. The proposed technique, after validating in simulation environment, is verified experimentally on an induction machine drive controlled by NI myRIO-1900.
C4W: An Energy Efficient Public Key Cryptosystem for Large-Scale Wireless Sensor Networks

With hardware support and software optimization, public key cryptography (PKC) has been announced feasible on micro sensors recently. A number of experiments proved that the elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is more suitable for resource constraint motes compared with RSA, But even ECC based protocols still cost too much energy. In this paper, we propose C4W, an identity-based public key infrastructure specially designed for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), in which all nodes can generate other's ECC public keys directly from their identities. Without certificates, no energy will be consumed for certificates communication and verification, which makes C4W especially energy efficient. C4W uses a protocol without certificates to realize mutual authentication and key agreement. Compared with a simplified SSL (SSSL) protocol using an abbreviated certificate, C4W consumes lower than 35% energy, and the communication consumption of C4W is only 28.5% of that consumed by SSSL. Furthermore, the energy analysis of C4W illuminates that the expensive public key computational cost is almost neglectable compared with the heavy communication consumption in a large-scale WSNs, which gives the asymmetric key management in WSNs a bright future
A Critical Review of the Ability of Continuous Cardiac Output Monitors to Measure Trends in Cardiac Output

Numerous cardiac output (CO) monitors have been produced that provide continuous rather than intermittent readings. Bland and Altman has become the standard method for validating their performance against older standards. However, the Bland and Altman method only assesses precision and does not assess how well a device detects serial changes in CO (trending ability). Currently, there is no consensus on how trending ability, or trend analysis, should be performed. Therefore, we performed a literature review to identify articles published between 1997 and 2009 that compared methods of continuous CO measurement. Identified articles were grouped according to measurement technique and statistical methodology. Articles that analyzed trending ability were reviewed with the aim of finding an acceptable statistical method. Two hundred two articles were identified. The most popular methods were pulse contour (69 articles), Doppler (54), bioimpedance (38), and transpulmonary or continuous thermodilution (27). Forty-one articles addressed trending, and of these only 23 provided an in-depth analysis. Several common statistical themes were identified: time plots, regression analysis, Bland and Altman using change in CO (&Dgr;CO), and the 4-quadrant plot, which used direction of change of &Dgr;CO to determine the concordance. This plot was further refined by exclusion of data when values were small. Receiver operating characteristic curves were used to define the exclusion zone. In animal studies, a reliable reference standard such as an aortic flowprobe was frequently used, and regression or time plots could be used to show trending. Clinical studies were more problematic because data collection points were fewer (8–10 per subject). The consensus was to use the 4-quadrant plot with exclusion zones and apply concordance analysis. A concordance rate of >92% when using a 15% zone indicated good trending. A new method of presenting trend data (&Dgr;CO) on a polar plot is proposed. Agreement was shown by the angle with the horizontal axis and &Dgr;CO by the distance from the center. Trending can be assessed by the vertical limits of the data, similar to the Bland and Altman method.
Monitoring Agitated Behavior After acquired Brain Injury: Onset, Duration, Intensity, and Nursing Shift Variation

Purpose To describe the onset, duration, intensity, and nursing shift variation of agitated behavior in patients with acquired brain injury (ABI) at a rehabilitation hospital. Design Prospective descriptive study. Methods A total of 11 patients with agitated behavior were included. Agitated behavior was registered with the Agitated Behavior Scale (ABS). The nurse or therapist allocated the individual patient assessed ABS during each shift. Intensity of agitated behavior was tested using exact test. A within‐subject shift effect was analyzed with repeated‐measure ANOVA. Findings The onset of agitated behavior was at a median of 14 (1–28) days from admission. Seven patients remained agitated beyond 3 weeks from onset. Severe intensity of agitation was observed in 86 of 453 nursing shifts. Differences in agitated behavior between day, evening, and night shifts were found, F(2.20) = 7.90, p = . 008, with tendencies of increased agitated behavior in day and evening shifts compared to night shifts. Conclusion Agitated behavior had a late onset, was severe, and long‐lasting in the present sample of patients. Clinical Relevance The study increases awareness on the potential challenge of agitated behavior in patients with ABI.
TRAIL receptor gene editing unveils TRAIL-R1 as a master player of apoptosis induced by TRAIL and ER stress

TRAIL induces selective tumor cell death through TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2. Despite the fact that these receptors share high structural homologies, induction of apoptosis upon ER stress, cell autonomous motility and invasion have solely been described to occur through TRAIL-R2. Using the TALEN gene-editing approach, we show that TRAIL-R1 can also induce apoptosis during unresolved unfolded protein response (UPR). Likewise, TRAIL-R1 was found to co-immunoprecipitate with FADD and caspase-8 during ER stress. Its deficiency conferred resistance to apoptosis induced by thaspigargin, tunicamycin or brefeldin A. Our data also demonstrate that tumor cell motility and invasion-induced by TRAIL-R2 is not cell autonomous but induced in a TRAIL-dependant manner. TRAIL-R1, on the other hand, is unable to trigger cell migration owing to its inability to induce an increase in calcium flux. Importantly, all the isogenic cell lines generated in this study revealed that apoptosis induced TRAIL is preferentially induced by TRAIL-R1. Taken together, our results provide novel insights into the physiological functions of TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2 and suggest that targeting TRAIL-R1 for anticancer therapy is likely to be more appropriate owing to its lack of pro-motile signaling capability.
An Experimental Study on the Depth of Cut of Granite in Abrasive Waterjet Cutting

Many studies investigating the cutting performances of waterjets for several kinds of materials such as steel, brass, glass, or aluminium are available. However, there are few studies focused on the rock cutting in the literature. In the present study, therefore, it is aimed at investigating the cuttability of granite by abrasive waterjet. The effect of process parameters and the textural properties of granites on the cut depth and surface quality were investigated. The design philosophy of Taguchi was followed to conduct the experiments. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to evaluate the data obtained statistically. Major significant process factors affecting the cut depth of granite were determined. It was disclosed that the traverse speed was the most significant process parameters affecting the cut depth of granite. Additionally, it was found that the depth of cut and surface quality were strongly affected by the grain size and its boundaries with the grains surrounding. Furthermore, consistent relations between some physical and mechanical properties of the granite (e.g., the water absorption, microhardness, the specific bulk density, and the uniaxial compressive strength) and the depth of cut were observed.