Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
New insights into atmospherically relevant reaction systems using direct analysis in real time-mass spectrometry (DART-MS)

Abstract. The application of direct analysis in real-time mass spectrometry (DART-MS), which is finding increasing use in atmospheric chemistry, to two different laboratory model systems for airborne particles is investigated: (1) submicron C3–C7 dicarboxylic acid (diacid) particles reacted with gas-phase trimethylamine (TMA) or butylamine (BA) and (2) secondary organic aerosol (SOA) particles from the ozonolysis of α-cedrene. The diacid particles exhibit a clear odd–even pattern in their chemical reactivity toward TMA and BA, with the odd-carbon diacid particles being substantially more reactive than even ones. The ratio of base to diacid in reacted particles, determined using known diacid–base mixtures, was compared to that measured by high-resolution time-of-flight aerosol mass spectrometry (HR-ToF-AMS), which vaporizes the whole particle. Results show that DART-MS probes ∼ 30 nm of the surface layer, consistent with other studies on different systems. For α-cedrene SOA particles, it is shown that varying the temperature of the particle stream as it enters the DART-MS ionization region can distinguish between specific components with the same molecular mass but different vapor pressures. These results demonstrate the utility of DART-MS for (1) examining reactivity of heterogeneous model systems for atmospheric particles and (2) probing components of SOA particles based on volatility.
Probucol and Succinobucol display similar lipid-lowering and antioxidant effects : a subacute / subchronic study in mice

Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil. Escola de Química e Alimentos, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Campus Santo Antônio da Patrulha, Santo Antônio da Patrulha, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Campus Carreiros, Rio Grande, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brasil
THE VALUE OF GOOD QUALITY DRINKING WATER TO CANADIANS AND THE ROLE OF RISK PERCEPTIONS: A PRELIMINARY ANALYSIS

Canadian municipal water utilities have had to face many difficulties in the past few years, not the least of which has been an erosion of consumer confidence in the safety of publicly supplied drinking water. This paper discusses how economic theory is used to develop a methodology for determining consumers’ or society's preferences for better quality drinking water and how these preferences are expressed in the trade-offs made between money and two different types of risk reductions: mortality and morbidity. These trade-offs are observed by examining actual consumer behavior and/or in structured (hypothetical) market choices. The information gained can be used to structure more efficient water pricing schemes for municipal water utilities and to aid these utilities in their infrastructure investment decisions.
The Treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars with intralesional bleomycin in skin of color

Intralesional injection with corticosteroid remains the mainstay of therapy for hypertrophic scars and keloids, however some lesions are unresponsive or may result in skin atrophy. Intralesional bleomycin injection is an alternative therapy that has been widely reported. In order to compare the effectiveness and safety of bleomycin for the treatment of keloids and hypertrophic scars in skin of color population, Fitzpatrick skin type III to V patients with keloids or hypertrophic scars were randomized into two groups. Group A was treated monthly with intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (10 mg/mL), while group B with intralesional bleomycin (1 mg/mL) for three consecutive months. Evaluation of the treatment was performed using “Patient and Observer Scar Assessment Scale” (POSAS), self‐rated patient satisfaction score, photography, and ultrasonography. Two patients had their bleomycin blood levels monitored. Twenty‐six patients with keloids or hypertrophic scars were recruited. The clinical improvement as assessed by the POSAS was not statistically significant. In terms of patients satisfaction score, one half of both groups reported a very good improvement. Photographic as well as ultrasonographic evaluation showed no difference between the two groups. Bleomycin was found to enter the blood circulation in a very small amount. The major side effect was hyperpigmentation. There was no skin atrophy detected in this study. Intralesional bleomycin is a safe and effective treatment for keloids and hypertrophic scars. The treatment is comparable to intralesional triamcinolone. Unfortunately, hyperpigmentation was the major side effect in darker skin type.
Imperial / TP / 203 / 28 hep-th / 0307191 Spinning strings in AdS 5 × S 5 and integrable systems

We show that solitonic solutions of the classical string action on the AdS5 × S background that carry charges (spins) of the Cartan subalgebra of the global symmetry group can be classified in terms of periodic solutions of the Neumann integrable system. We derive equations which determine the energy of these solitons as a function of spins. In the limit of large spins J , the first subleading 1/J coefficient in the expansion of the string energy is expected to be non-renormalised to all orders in the inverse string tension expansion and thus can be directly compared to the 1-loop anomalous dimensions of the corresponding composite operators in N = 4 super YM theory. We obtain a closed system of equations that determines this subleading coefficient and, therefore, the 1-loop anomalous dimensions of the dual SYM operators. We expect that an equivalent system of equations should follow from the thermodynamic limit of the algebraic Bethe ansatz for the SO(6) spin chain derived from SYM theory. We also identify a particular string solution whose classical energy exactly reproduces the one-loop anomalous dimension of a certain set of SYM operators with two independent R charges J1, J2. ∗emails: agleb@aei-potsdam.mpg. de; jrusso@ecm.ub. es; frolov, tseytlin @mps.ohio-state.edu On leave of absence from Steklov Mathematical Institute, Gubkin str.8, 117966, Moscow, Russia †Also at Lebedev Institute, Moscow. 1
Intertemporal Emissions Trading and Market Power : A Dominant Firm with Competitive Fringe Model

In international emissions trading schemes such as the Kyoto Protocol and the European Union Emissions Trading Scheme, the suboptimal negotiation of the cap with respect to total pollution minimization leads us to critically examine the proposition that generous allocation of grandfathered permits by the regulator based on recent emissions might pave the way for dominant positions. Stemming from this politically given market imperfection, this chapter develops a differential Stackelberg game with two types of non cooperative agents: a large potentially dominant agent, and a competitive fringe whose size are exogenously determined. The strategic interactions are modeled on an intra-industry permits markets where agents can freely bank and borrow permits. This chapter contributes to the debate on initial permits allocation and market power by focusing on the effects of allowing banking and borrowing. A documented appraisal on whether or not such provisions should be included is frequently overlooked by the debate to introduce the permits market itself among other environmental regulation tools. Numerical simulations provide a quantitative illustration of the results obtained.
A Bayesian approach to simultaneously adjusting for verification and reference standard bias in diagnostic test studies

Verification bias arises in diagnostic test evaluation studies when the results from a first test are verified by a reference test only in a non‐representative subsample of the original study subjects. This occurs, for example, when inclusion probabilities for the subsample depend on first‐stage results and/or on a covariate related to disease status. Reference standard bias arises when the reference test itself has imperfect sensitivity and specificity, but this information is ignored in the analysis. Reference standard bias typically results in underestimation of the sensitivity and specificity of the test under evaluation, since subjects that are correctly diagnosed by the test can be considered as misdiagnosed owing to the imperfections in the reference standard. In this paper, we describe a Bayesian approach for simultaneously addressing both verification and reference standard bias. Our models consider two types of verification bias, first when subjects are selected for verification based on initial test results alone, and then when selection is based on initial test results and a covariate. We also present a model that adjusts for a third potential bias that arises when tests are analyzed assuming conditional independence between tests, but some dependence exists between the initial test and the reference test. We examine the properties of our models using simulated data, and then apply them to a study of a screening test for dementia, providing bias‐adjusted estimates of the sensitivity and specificity. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
University of Groningen Multi-User Low Intrusive Occupancy Detection

Smart spaces are those that are aware of their state and can act accordingly. Among the central elements of such a state is the presence of humans and their number. For a smart office building, such information can be used for saving energy and safety purposes. While acquiring presence information is crucial, using sensing techniques that are highly intrusive, such as cameras, is often not acceptable for the building occupants. In this paper, we illustrate a proposal for occupancy detection which is low intrusive; it is based on equipment typically available in modern offices such as room-level power-metering and an app running on workers’ mobile phones. For power metering, we collect the aggregated power consumption and disaggregate the load of each device. For the mobile phone, we use the Received Signal Strength (RSS) of BLE (Bluetooth Low Energy) nodes deployed around workspaces to localize the phone in a room. We test the system in our offices. The experiments show that sensor fusion of the two sensing modalities gives 87–90% accuracy, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
What versus Where: Investigating how Autobiographical Memory Retrieval Differs when Accessed with Thematic versus Spatial Information

Autobiographical memory research has investigated how cueing distinct aspects of a past event can trigger different recollective experiences. This research has stimulated theories about how autobiographical knowledge is accessed and organized. Here, we test the idea that thematic information organizes multiple autobiographical events whereas spatial information organizes individual past episodes by investigating how retrieval guided by these two forms of information differs. We used a novel autobiographical fluency task in which participants accessed multiple memory exemplars to event theme and spatial (location) cues followed by a narrative description task in which they described the memories generated to these cues. Participants recalled significantly more memory exemplars to event theme than to spatial cues; however, spatial cues prompted faster access to past memories. Results from the narrative description task revealed that memories retrieved via event theme cues compared to spatial cues had a higher number of overall details, but those recalled to the spatial cues were recollected with a greater concentration on episodic details than those retrieved via event theme cues. These results provide evidence that thematic information organizes and integrates multiple memories whereas spatial information prompts the retrieval of specific episodic content from a past event.
A JOURNAL ON ZOOLOGY OF THE INDO-AUSTRALIAN ARCHIPELAGO

Systematic of Aganaine moths has been long in dispute since they show both noctuids and arctiids morphological characteristics. Even the relationship among genera within Indonesian Aganaines is still unclear, and their phylogenetic relationships need to be reexamined since the morphological hypothesis proposed previously was not able to show the relationship among them. In order to clarify the phylogenetic relationship among five genera of Indonesian Aganaines, I used sequence of mitochondrial CO I gene (610-bp) to reconstruct their phylogenetic relationship using MP and NJ tree building methods. The results showed that the phylogenetic relationship proposed in this study contradicts the previous hypothesis. The monophyly of subfamily Aganainae has a strong bootstrap support at any tree building methods (8895%). Neochera was divided into two clades and branched off first and then was followed by Euplocia, Peridrome, Agape, and Asota. The similarity between the previous hypothesis and this study is only on the sister-group relationship between Euplocia and Peridrome and the division of Neochera into two clades. The synapomorphy of Euplocia + Peridrome is a large androconial patch on the forewing upperside at the costal base. This study also showed that all internal nodes gained least supports. It indicates that the relationships among internal nodes proposed here were poorly supported due to the limited number of species and only a short fragment of one mitochondrial gene included in the analysis. Further studies are needed to be done by including more other species, other nuclear genes, and genitalia characters in order to test the validity of the relationships proposed here.
Humidity-induced Brillouin frequency shift in perfluorinated polymer optical fibers

We report, to our knowledge, for the first time on humidity-induced Brillouin frequency shifts in perfluorinated graded index polymer optical fibers. A linear relation between Brillouin frequency shift and humidity was observed. Furthermore, the humidity coefficient of the Brillouin frequency shift is demonstrated to be a function of temperature (-107 to -64 kHz/%r.h. or -426 to -49 kHz m3/g in the range of 20 to 60 ◦C). An analytical description proves temperature and humidity as two mutually independent effects on the Brillouin frequency shift. © 2018 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement
Presence in Leptosphaeria maculans populations of isolates virulent on resistance introgressed into Brassica napus from the B . nigra B genome

The resistance carried by chromosome 4 of the Brassica B genome confers on the Brassica napus±B. nigra addition line `LA41' a high level of resistance to Leptosphaeria maculans isolates at the cotyledon stage under controlled conditions and at all growth stages under field conditions. This resistance has never been used commercially in B. napus varieties. To determine the potential durability of this new resistance, it is necessary to investigate whether it exerts selective pressure on fungus populations. A study of the pathogenicity of 57 single ascospore isolates of L. maculans on this line at the cotyledon stage was carried out to examine possible race specificity of the resistance. Two isolates were clearly virulent and three had intermediate aggressiveness on the `LA41' line. Two B-group isolates and 53 A-group isolates, including isolates from darkening tissue of resistant plants of the `LA41' line and cv. Junius (B. nigra), were virulent on the susceptible isogenic `LA±' line. These results demonstrate that: (i) the resistance of the `LA41' oilseed rape line, conferred on B. napus by B. nigra chromosome 4, is race specific at the cotyledon stage; and (ii) the resistant material can act as a reservoir of virulent isolates for susceptible oilseed rape lines.
Effects of the glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCP2 1561C>T) and reduced folate carrier (RFC1 80G>A) allelic variants on folate and total homocysteine levels in kidney transplant patients.

BACKGROUND The effect of the glutamate carboxypeptidase II GCP2 1561C>T and the reduced folate carrier 1 RFC1 80G>A polymorphisms on folate and total homocysteine (tHcy) plasma levels of kidney transplant patients are unknown. METHODS In a cross-sectional study of 730 kidney allograft recipients, GCP2 1561C>T, RFC1 80G>A, folate, and tHcy plasma levels were analyzed using linear regression models that allowed dependent covariates to follow a gamma distribution for univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS The allele frequency for GCP2 1561C>T was 0.05, and 0.43 for RFC1 80G>A. Heterozygosity or homozygosity for GCP2 1561C>T was associated with higher folate plasma levels compared to patients without mutation (P < 0.0001), while RFC1 80G>A showed no influence. Multiple testing, also including MTHFR 677C>T and MTHFR 1298A>C, revealed no interaction between the different genotypes and the folate plasma concentration. Neither GCP2 1561C>T nor RFC1 80G>A showed an association with tHcy plasma levels. CONCLUSION We conclude that GCP2 1561C>T is associated with elevated folate levels. GCP2 1561C>T and RFC1 80G>A are no major determinants of tHcy plasma levels in kidney transplant patients.
Comparison of Quantitative Wall‐Motion Analysis and Strain for Detection of Coronary Stenosis with Three‐Dimensional Dobutamine Stress Echocardiography

Quantitative analysis of wall motion from three‐dimensional (3D) dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE) could provide additional diagnostic information not available from qualitative analysis. In this study, we compare the effectiveness of 3D fractional shortening (3DFS), a measure of wall motion computed from 3D echocardiography (3DE), to strain and strain rate measured with sonomicrometry for detecting critical stenoses during DSE.
The Activity of Daptomycin Against Wild-Type Staphylococcus aureus and Strains with Reduced Susceptibility to Vancomycin

Larry J. Strausbaugh, Jane D. Siegel, and Robert A. Weinstein, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Oregon Health and Sciences University, and Infectious Disease Section, Division of Hospital and Specialty Medicine, Veterans’ Affairs Medical Center, Portland, Oregon; University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Children’s Medical Center, Dallas, Texas; and Division of Infectious Diseases, Cook County Hospital, and Rush Medical College, Chicago, Illinois
Title Effect of climate change on surface ozone over North America , Europe , and East Asia Permalink

The effect of future climate change on surface ozone over North America, Europe, and East Asia is evaluated using present-day (2000s) and future (2100s) hourly surface ozone simulated by four global models. Future climate follows RCP8.5, while methane and anthropogenic ozone precursors are fixed at year 2000 levels. Climate change shifts the seasonal surface ozone peak to earlier in the year and increases the amplitude of the annual cycle. Increases in mean summertime and high-percentile ozone are generally found in polluted environments, while decreases are found in clean environments. We propose that climate change augments the efficiency of precursor emissions to generate surface ozone in polluted regions, thus reducing precursor export to neighboring downwind locations. Even with constant biogenic emissions, climate change causes the largest ozone increases at high percentiles. In most cases, air quality extreme episodes become larger and contain higher ozone levels relative to the rest of the distribution.
Determinants of Innovation Activity of Small and Medium Sized Enterprises in Small Post-Soviet Countries

This paper aims to study the determinants of innovation activity of small and medium-sized enterprises in five small post-Soviet countries. Empirical analysis is based on the data from the fifth wave of the Business Environment and Enterprise Performance Survey. Innovation of SMEs is measured with five innovation practices. For each aspect of innovation probit model is applied. Estimation results shows that experience of managers has curvilinear effect on the innovation in SMEs. Moreover, foreign participation, export orientation and competitiveness in sectors are indicated as important condition for innovation by SMEs. Competition forces firms to innovate in order to survive, while openness of the economy provides with exporting opportunities and participation of the foreign capital. Especially the latter factor may significantly reduce costs of innovation through technological transformation from abroad.
Reviewing Literature on Digitalization, Business Model Innovation, and Sustainable Industry: Past Achievements and Future Promises

Digitalization is revolutionizing the way business is conducted within industrial value chains through the use of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies, intensive data exchange and predictive analytics. However, technological application on its own is not enough; profiting from digitalization requires business model innovation such as making the transition to advanced service business models. Yet, many research gaps remain in analyzing how industrial companies can leverage digitalization to transform their business models to achieve sustainability benefits. Specifically, challenges related to value creation, value delivery, and value capture components of business model innovation need further understanding as well as how alignment of these components drive sustainable industry initiatives. Thus, this special issue editorial attempts to take stock of the emerging research field through a literature review and providing a synthesis of special issue contributions. In doing so, we contribute by developing a framework that communicates and sets the direction for future research by linking digitalization, business model innovation, and sustainability in industrial settings.
Air sickness in trainee aircrew of Indian Air Force : Our experience with desensitisation

Air Sickness (AS) is a common presentation during basic flying among most of the trainee pilots. Incidence of AS in the Indian Air Force (IAF) ranges between 30 to 40%. About 9% continue to have persistent AS and do not adapt spontaneously to aviation. They require intervention and are referred to No 2 Aero Medical Training Centre (AMTC) for desensitisation therapy (DT). A retrospective analysis of the available records was done to evaluate the incidence of AS and the success rate of DT at AMTC. Incidence of chronic AS requiring DT was 6.40% and 12.85% among male and female trainees, respectively. Success percentage after DT was 78.30% and 88.88% among males and females, respectively. DT helped 79.13% of airsick trainees to successfully complete basic flying training during the period of study. The remaining airsick trainee pilots were suspended from flying training. AS in trainee pilots is a major physiological problem leading to performance decrement. Various Air Forces have primarily adopted DT and graded exposure to flying as time-tested and a proven method of retrieving airsick trainee pilots. DT in IAF includes combination of counselling, physical and ‘yogic’ exercises, and desensitisation on Barany’s chair. This is followed by gradual exposure to straight and level flying. A trainee pilot is said to be successfully desensitised when he does not have any symptoms of AS and successfully completes basic flying training. Comparison of our results with those of other Air Forces shows that our success rates are comparable. IJASM 2005 ; 49 (2) : 33-40