Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
supplementary figures

1 Maximum a posteriori estimate of the principal component dimension as a function of the prior parameter, Θ. 3 2 Principal Components 1 and 2. 4 3 Principal Components 3 and 4. 4 4 Principal Components 5 and 6. 5 5 Principal Components 7 and 8. 5 6 Principal Components 9 and 10. 6 7 Principal Components 11 and 12. 6 8 Principal Components 13 and 14. 7 9 Principal Components 15 and 16. 7 10 Principal Components 17 and 18. 8 11 Principal Components 19 and 20. 8 12 Principal Components 21 and 22. 9 13 Principal Components 23 and 24. 9 14 Principal Components 25 and 26. 10 15 Principal Components 27 and 28. 10 16 The genes in biological component 1 form a one-dimensional space. (A) Auer-Gervini plot. (B) Scree plot. 11 17 The genes in biological component 2 form a one-dimensional space. (A) Auer-Gervini plot. (B) Scree plot. 11 18 The genes in biological component 3 form a one-dimensional space. (A) Auer-Gervini plot. (B) Scree plot. 12 19 The genes in biological component 4 form a one-dimensional space. (A) Auer-Gervini plot. (B) Scree plot. 12 20 The genes in biological component 5 form a one-dimensional space. (A) Auer-Gervini plot. (B) Scree plot. 12 21 The genes in biological component 6 form a one-dimensional space. (A) Auer-Gervini plot. (B) Scree plot. 13 22 The genes in biological component 7 form a one-dimensional space. (A) Auer-Gervini plot. (B) Scree plot. 13 23 The genes in biological component 8 form a one-dimensional space. (A) Auer-Gervini plot. (B) Scree plot. 13 24 The genes in biological component 9 form a one-dimensional space. (A) Auer-Gervini plot. (B) Scree plot. 14 25 The genes in biological component 10 form a one-dimensional space. (A) Auer-Gervini plot. (B) Scree plot. 14 26 The genes in biological component 11 form a one-dimensional space. (A) Auer-Gervini plot. (B) Scree plot. 14 27 The genes in biological component 12 form a one-dimensional space. (A) Auer-Gervini plot. (B) Scree plot. 15 28 The genes in biological component 13 form a one-dimensional space. (A) Auer-Gervini plot. (B) Scree plot. 15 29 The genes in biological component 14 form a one-dimensional space. (A) Auer-Gervini plot. (B) Scree plot. 15 30 The genes in biological component 15 form a one-dimensional space. (A) Auer-Gervini plot. (B) Scree plot. 16
Development of an elementary climate model: two-layer cellular case

A qualitative understanding of the greenhouse effect has long been available through models based on globally- and time-averaged quantities. We examine here a simple 864-cell climatological model that emphasizes vertical radiative energy transport within each cell. It reproduces yearly average temperatures obtained earlier from one of these global models and predicts a locally distributed non-radiative flux when observed temperatures are employed as input data. Vertical and lateral transport of latent heat do not appear explicitly in this model. They are apparently handled well by one non-radiative flux variable, SNR, which shows a strong latitude dependence. Only the Sahara desert and Saudi Arabian regions appear to be complex. For those interested in climatology and construction of climate models, our model provides constraints upon specifying averaged non-radiative energy transport. The model is a useful simplification for learning about radiative energy transfer into and out of Earth? s atmosphere and for representing the results of more sophisticated models.
A Comparison of the HCR-20V3 Among Male and Female Insanity Acquittees: A Retrospective File Study

Abstract The current retrospective risk assessment study evaluated the use of the Historical-Clinical-Risk Management-20 Version 3 (HCR-20V3) in a sample of 100 male and 24 female insanity acquittees, comparing the presence of risk factors and its validity in assessing violence in a state forensic hospital across males and females. Over an average of 15.5 months, 44.4% of the total sample engaged in any act of violence within the institution, highlighting the need for effective risk assessment and management tools. An equivalent proportion of males and females engaged in violence (42.0% of males and 54.2% of females). Results indicated higher interrater reliability on scoring risk factors among males as compared to females, calling for future research into the role of item indicators across genders and possible differences in interpretations of scoring guidelines. Results indicated that females exhibited similar numerical ratings of presence risk factors as males, although they were rated higher on Past Problems in Relationships and Traumatic Experiences. The relationships between scale scores and violence were higher among males than females. However, gender was not a significant moderator in logistic regression analyses predicting likelihood of violence. Additional research is necessary to evaluate how ratings of risk factors are translated into summary risk estimates, opinions about dangerousness, and treatment interventions, with a particular focus on how such decision-making is influenced by the gender of examinees.
Social Responses to Virtual Humans: The Effect of Human-Like Characteristics

As a virtual human is provided with more human-like characteristics, will it elicit stronger social responses from people? Two experiments were conducted to address these questions. The first experiment investigated whether virtual humans can evoke a social facilitation response and how strong that response is when people are given different cognitive tasks that vary in difficulty. The second experiment investigated whether people apply politeness norms to virtual humans. Participants were tutored either by a human tutor or a virtual human tutor that varied in features and then evaluated the tutor’s performance. Results indicate that virtual humans can produce social facilitation not only with facial appearance but also with voice. In addition, performance in the presence of voice synced facial appearance seems to elicit stronger social facilitation than in the presence of voice only or face only. Similar findings were observed with the politeness norm experiment. Participants who evaluated their tutor directly reported the tutor’s performance more favorably than participants who evaluated their tutor indirectly. This valence toward the voice synced facial appearance had no statistical difference compared to the valence toward the human tutor condition. The results suggest that designers of virtual humans should be mindful about the social nature of virtual humans.
Persistence Patterns in Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs)

Using a unique dataset of 44 Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), this article examines critical patterns of enrollment, engagement, persistence, and completion among students in online higher education. By leveraging fixed-effects specifications based on over 2.1 million student observations across more than 2,900 lectures, we analyzed engagement, persistence, and completion rates at the student, lecture, and course levels. We found compelling and consistent temporal patterns: across all courses, participation declines rapidly in the first week but subsequently flattens out in later weeks of the course. However, this decay is not entirely uniform. We also found that several student and lecture-specific traits were associated with student persistence and engagement. For example, the sequencing of a lecture within a batch of released videos as well as its title wording were related to student watching. We also saw consistent patterns in how student characteristics are associated with persistence and completion. Students were more likely to complete the course if they completed a pre-course survey or followed a quantitative track (as opposed to qualitative or auditing track) when available. These findings suggest potential course design changes that are likely to increase engagement, persistence, and completion in this important, new educational setting.
RoF cell-cluster architecture in WDM/TDM hybrid-PON for train communication system

When today¿s commuters in the train want to access broadband multimedia services. However, the classical solutions such as WLAN and UMTS are not sufficient to provide a high bandwidth to train users. In this paper, we discuss the RoF cell-cluster architecture in WDM/TDM hybrid-PON for train users. Also, we propose RoF cell-cluster architecture concept that can reduce the optical switching times and enlarge the coverage length of service.
The puzzling success of populist parties in promoting women’s political representation

Previous research dismisses the possibility that populist, male-dominated parties could positively affect gender equality. Yet, evidence from Eastern Europe points at the opposite: Center-rightist formations, led by notable men, have effectively nominated women to office. What can explain such a puzzling phenomenon? This study argues that i) the centralized structure and practices in these populist parties make it possible to avoid the reluctance of gatekeepers to let female candidates run; and that ii) regardless of ideological or cultural predispositions, supporters loyally approve the nomination decisions made by their charismatic leader. We analyze data on three populist parties in Bulgaria and Poland. Our findings confirm that these formations elected more women than the leftist parties because of strategies to nominate female candidates higher on the list. Voters were also more likely to favor female candidates in the open-list system in Poland.
Monte Carlo simulation of microstructure evolution during thermo-mechanical rolling of steel using grid computing technology

A Monte Carlo (MC) simulation methodology using high performance computing (HPC) has been proposed to characterize grain growth kinetics and recrystallisation phenomena during hot rolling of C-Mn and TRIP steels. The simulation framework comprises of mesoscale modelling of evolution of grain growth and microstructure incorporating the system energetics of grain boundary energy and stored energy which are essentially the driving force for the evolution process. An in-house MC computer code has been developed and implemented in the GARUDA grid. This facilitated achieving faster convergence of the MC algorithm for a given lattice structure. The simulated grain growth and microstructure evolution have been successfully validated with the published data. It is inferred that the MC simulation in conjunction with HPC grid capability can be a powerful tool to simulate material behaviour at mesoscopic scale during thermo-mechanical processing of materials.
Turn taking vs. Discourse Structure: How Best to Model Multimodal Conversation

The relatively poor formability and spot weld fracture appearance of hot-rolled and heavy gauge cold-rolled low carbon steels (in which silicon is the primary deoxidant) have been attributed to manganese silicate stringer-type inclusions, generally found in this product. The addition of at least about 1/8 pound magnesium, per ton of steel cast, is shown to modify this deleterious inclusion morphology, with a resultant improvement in the ductility and weldability of such hot-rolled and the heavy gauge cold-rolled products.
Gradient Boundary Histograms for Action Recognition

This paper introduces a high efficient local spatiotemporal descriptor, called gradient boundary histograms (GBH). The proposed GBH descriptor is built on simple spatio-temporal gradients, which are fast to compute. We demonstrate that it can better represent local structure and motion than other gradient-based descriptors, and significantly outperforms them on large realistic datasets. A comprehensive evaluation shows that the recognition accuracy is preserved while the spatial resolution is greatly reduced, which yields both high efficiency and low memory usage.
WP 3: Mobilising diasporas: A governmentality analysis of the case of Mexico

The recent debate about the ‘diffusion of authority’ in international governance relates to the ways in which the increasing involvement of non-state actors has shifted authority in the international system towards new sites and actors. Thereby, one actor that supposedly plays an increasingly important role in international affairs has so far not received much attention in this literature: diasporas or migrant groups. In the diaspora literature, on the other hand, not much has been written about the broader implications of such diaspora policies in terms of changing forms of governance and ‘authority’ in the international system. This paper addresses this blindspot between the IR literature on non-state actors and governance and the literature on diasporas, in order to situate the phenomenon of increasing diaspora activities in the debate on changing forms of international governance. Using a Foucauldian governmentality analysis to examine the broader implications of changing forms of governing diasporas in the Mexico-US context, this paper situates the current debate around the increasing involvement of diaspora and other non-state actors within the broader shift towards neo-liberal forms of governing. The main argument is that the construction of diasporas as agents and the increasing involvement of the diaspora, as illustrated in the case of Mexico, is an expression of broader transformations under way towards neo-liberal governmentality. This shift towards neo-liberal governmentality involves the responsibilisation and disciplining of civil society actors, such as the diaspora, while at the same time opening space for new forms of resistance and empowerment. This, it is argued, leads to the transformation of state-diaspora and more broadly state-civil society relations and a redrawing of public-private boundaries.
World Allergy Organization (WAO) Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow's Milk Allergy (DRACMA) Guidelines

Alessandro Fiocchi, MD, Pediatric Division, Department of Child and Maternal Medicine, University of Milan Medical School at the Melloni Hospital, Milan 20129, Italy. Holger J. Schünemann, MD, Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, McMaster University Health Sciences Centre, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada. Sami L. Bahna, MD, Pediatrics & Medicine, Allergy & Immunology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA 71130. Andrea Von Berg, MD, Research Institute, Children‘s department, Marien-Hospital, Wesel, Germany. Kirsten Beyer, MD, Charité Klinik für Pädiatrie m.S. Pneumologie und Immunologie, Augustenburger Platz 1, D-13353 Berlin, Germany. Martin Bozzola, MD, Department of Pediatrics, British Hospital-Perdriel 74-CABA-Buenos Aires, Argentina. Julia Bradsher, PhD, Food Allergy & Anaphylaxis Network, 11781 Lee Jackson Highway, Suite 160, Fairfax, VA 22033. Jan Brozek, MD, Department of Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, McMaster UniversityHealth SciencesCentre, 1200Main StreetWest,Hamilton,ONL8N3Z5,Canada. Enrico Compalati, MD, Allergy & Respiratory Diseases Clinic, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132, Genoa, Italy. Alessandro Fiocchi, (Chair), Jan Brozek, Holger Sch nemann, (Chair), Sami L. Bahna, Andrea von Berg, Kirsten Beyer, Martin Bozzola, Julia Bradsher, Enrico Compalati, Motohiro Ebisawa, Maria Antonieta Guzm n, Haiqi Li, Ralf G. Heine, Paul Keith, Gideon Lack, Massimo Landi, Alberto Martelli, Fabienne Ranc , Hugh Sampson, Airton Stein, Luigi Terracciano and Stefan Vieths
Identification of new markers discriminating between myeloid and lymphoid acute leukemia

Abstract Background: The heterogeneity of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with respect to biology and clinical course resides in the fact that patients belonging to the same group show marked differences in their response to chemotherapy, necessitating a refinement of AML classification. Methods: In order to define molecular markers for AML, we performed microarray analysis on peripheral blood cells from two M5 AML patients, and selected four differentially expressed genes to validate their expression by real-time quantitative PCR (RT-PCR). Results: We have shown that two downregulated genes in AML, those encoding guanine nucleotide-binding protein γ11 (GNG11) and amphiregulin (AREG), are also downregulated in B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and T-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) patients. A second gene, that encoding ceruloplasmin (CP), is upregulated in AML but not in B-ALL and T-ALL. The level of expression of these genes varies from one patient to another. Conclusion: Since the number of patients studied is limited, further studies are needed with a larger series of patients to evaluate the potential utility of GNG11, AREG and CP as molecular markers for AML subtype classification. Our study is the first to analyze these genes in AML, B-ALL, T-ALL and chronic leukemia (myeloid and lymphoid) patients by RT-PCR. This rapid and sensitive method could be used to screen these genes in different types of leukemia.
Pruning Methods for Rule Learning Algorithms

In this paper we will shortly review several pruning methods for rela-tional learning algorithms and show how they are related to each other. We then report some experiments in several natural domains and try to analyse the performance of the algorithms in these domains in terms of run-time and accuracy. While some algorithms are clearly faster than others, no safe recommendation for achieving high accuracy can be given.
Do symptoms of bipolar disorder exhibit seasonal variation? A multisite prospective investigation

Murray G, Lam RW, Beaulieu S, Sharma V, Cervantes P, Parikh SV, Yatham LN. Do symptoms of bipolar disorder exhibit seasonal variation? A multisite prospective investigation. Bipolar Disord 2011: 13: 687–695. © 2011 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S.
B-1 cells contribute to susceptibility in experimental infection with Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi

SUMMARY The immune response to leishmaniasis is complex, and the result of infection depends on both the genetic composition of the Leishmania species and the immunity of the host. Clinical and experimental evidence suggest that the activation of B cells leads to exacerbation of visceral leishmaniasis. However, the role of B-1 cells (a subtype of B lymphocytes) in the pathogenesis of experimental visceral leishmaniasis has not yet been elucidated. In this study, we investigated the importance of B-1 cells in experimental infection with Leishmania. (L.) chagasi. Our results showed that BALB/XID mice (X-linked immunodeficient mice which are genetically deficient in B-1 cells) infected with L. (L.) chagasi for 45 days had a significant reduction in parasite load in the spleen when compared with control mice. Cytokine analysis showed that the BALB/XID mice had lower amounts of IL-10 in their sera compared with control group. In addition, the transfer of B-1 cells from wild type mice into IL-10KO animals led to an increase in susceptibility to L. (L.) chagasi infection in the IL-10KO mice, suggesting that the IL-10 produced by these cells is important in experimental infection. Our results suggest that B-1 cells may play an important role in susceptibility to L. (L.) chagasi.
Long non-coding RNAs as a source of new peptides

Deep transcriptome sequencing has revealed the existence of many transcripts that lack long or conserved open reading frames (ORFs) and which have been termed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). The vast majority of lncRNAs are lineage-specific and do not yet have a known function. In this study, we test the hypothesis that they may act as a repository for the synthesis of new peptides. We find that a large fraction of the lncRNAs expressed in cells from six different species is associated with ribosomes. The patterns of ribosome protection are consistent with the translation of short peptides. lncRNAs show similar coding potential and sequence constraints than evolutionary young protein coding sequences, indicating that they play an important role in de novo protein evolution. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.03523. 001
Ribosomal protein genes are overexpressed in colorectal cancer: isolation of a cDNA clone encoding the human S3 ribosomal protein

We have isolated a cDNA clone encoding the human S3 ribosomal protein from a normal human colon cDNA library. The clone was identified as one of many that detected genes whose level of expression was increased in adenocarcinoma of the colon relative to normal colonic mucosa. Increased levels of the S3 transcript were present in the tumors of all eight patients examined. Moreover, the S3 mRNA was also more abundant in 7 of 10 adenomatous polyps, the presumed precursor of carcinoma. Additional studies demonstrated that increased levels of mRNAs encoding several other ribosomal proteins, including S6, S8, S12, L5, and P0, were present in colorectal tumors and polyps. These results suggest that there is increased synthesis of ribosomes in colorectal tumors and that this increase is an early event in colon neoplasia.
Ductal carcinoma in situ of the male breast

Background. Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) of the male breast is an uncommon disease, accounting for approximately 7% of all male breast carcinomas. Compared with invasive carcinomas of the breast, the prognosis associated with DCIS in men is excellent; however, clinical features, pathology, and treatment of this disease are not well defined in the literature.
Temporal Logic Query Checking: A Tool for Model Exploration

Temporal logic query checking was first introduced by W. Chan in order to speed up design understanding by discovering properties not known a priori. A query is a temporal logic formula containing a special symbol ? /sub 1/, known as a placeholder. Given a Kripke structure and a propositional formula /spl phi/, we say that /spl phi/ satisfies the query if replacing the placeholder by /spl phi/ results in a temporal logic formula satisfied by the Kripke structure. A solution to a temporal logic query on a Kripke structure is the set of all propositional formulas that satisfy the query. Query checking helps discover temporal properties of a system and, as such, is a useful tool for model exploration. In this paper, we show that query checking is applicable to a variety of model exploration tasks, ranging from invariant computation to test case generation. We illustrate these using a Cruise Control System. Additionally, we show that query checking is an instance of a multi-valued model checking of Chechik et al. This approach enables us to build an implementation of a temporal logic query checker, TLQSolver, on top of our existing multi-valued model checker /sub /spl chi//Chek. It also allows us to decide a large class of queries and introduce witnesses for temporal logic queries-an essential notion for effective model exploration.