Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A computer-based psychiatry history system.

This study gathered data supporting the following conclusions about a computer-based psychiatric history system. (1) Initial interviews of psychiatric patients, obtained and typed by a LINC computer were found to be useful to psychotherapists in making psychiatric evaluations. (2) The psychiatric patients studied seemed to be as satisfied with computerized interviews as they are with those of physicians. (3) Further research is needed to adequately assess the possible therapeutic value of computerized initial interviews for patients who require only one informative, reassuring mental health clinic visit.
The natural heterogeneity of trypanosoma cruzi: Biological and medical implications

Trypanosoma cruzi is a heterogeneous group of parasites. The imposition of natural or artificial pressures can result in the selection of subsets of the population with concomitant changes in characteristics used to evaluate the group. In order to ascertain the extent of heterogeneity, stocks of single‐cell clones were prepared from various sources. Selected cell biological, biochemical, immunochemical, parasitological, and histopathological parameters of these clones have been studied. A ten‐fold difference in the rate of growth of the epimastigote stage of T cruzi clones has been observed. The extracellular growth rates of the clones correlate with the rate of growth of the obligate intracellular amastigote stage and consequently, the length of intracellular cycle of the parasite. A 40% difference in the amount of total DNA/parasite has been found between clones. Although the amount of DNA/kinetoplast and nucleus varies between clones, the major contribution to the differences in total DNA/parasite appears to be the nucleus. From 16 to 35 antigens have been demonstrated in the T cruzi clones assayed to date. Five to seven of these antigens are common to all of the stocks assayed. However, both isolate‐ and clone‐specific antigens have also been demonstrated. The susceptibility of inbred strains of mice to T cruzi clones varies with the clone of the parasite. These data imply that the genetics of the parasite as well as the host modulate both the course and outcome of a T cruzi infection. The influence of monosaccharides on the receptor‐mediated infection of vertebrate cells by trypomastigotes of T cruzi also varies between clones. The implications of these findings upon our concept and understanding of present and future problems in Chagas disease are discussed.
A Virtual Laboratory for Medical Image Analysis

This paper presents the design, implementation, and usage of a virtual laboratory for medical image analysis. It is fully based on the Dutch grid, which is part of the Enabling Grids for E-sciencE (EGEE) production infrastructure and driven by the gLite middleware. The adopted service-oriented architecture enables decoupling the user-friendly clients running on the user's workstation from the complexity of the grid applications and infrastructure. Data are stored on grid resources and can be browsed/viewed interactively by the user with the Virtual Resource Browser (VBrowser). Data analysis pipelines are described as Scufl workflows and enacted on the grid infrastructure transparently using the MOTEUR workflow management system. VBrowser plug-ins allow for easy experiment monitoring and error detection. Because of the strict compliance to the grid authentication model, all operations are performed on behalf of the user, ensuring basic security and facilitating collaboration across organizations. The system has been operational and in daily use for eight months (December 2008), with six users, leading to the submission of 9000 jobs/month in average and the production of several terabytes of data.
Fostering psychological safety through facework: The importance of the effective delivery of performance feedback

This study examined the relationships between employees’ perceptions of supervisory coaching-oriented behaviors and psychological safety at work, and between psychological safety at work and error reporting and turnover. This study also examined the relationships between employees’ perceptions of the degree to which supervisors show regard for their subordinates’ positive and negative face under conditions of negative feedback communication, and psychological safety at work. Coaching-oriented behaviors were operationalized as delivering prompt, specific, and behaviorally-related general performance feedback; considerate, private, and externally-attributed negative performance feedback; public and internally-attributed positive performance feedback; seeking input from work group members; listening to work group members’ concerns; and being accessible and receptive to work group members’ questions and ideas. Results indicated that the more supervisors were perceived to (a) seek input from subordinate employees regarding work-related matters, (b) attribute poor performance to external factors when delivering negative performance feedback, and (c) provide prompt general performance feedback to employees, the greater employees’ reported psychological safety. Results also indicated that the more supervisors were perceived to attend to employees’ face needs when delivering negative feedback (particularly their positive face needs), the greater employees’ reported psychological safety. In turn, psychological safety was found to be significantly and positively associated with the willingness of employees (and work groups) to report errors, and to be significantly and negatively associated with employees’ (and work groups’) intention to turnover. Negative feedback delivered in a considerate tone of voice also was found to be a statistically significant predictor of group members’ willingness to report errors. However, psychological safety was not found to be related to actual error reporting or turnover by work unit in this study. Implications and directions for further research are discussed.
Actuator Fault Tolerant PID Controllers

Abstract This paper deals with issues of actuator fault tolerant PID controllers. It is studied, how residual generation based on a linear model is affected by the robust properties of a PID used in feedback. To get the sensitivity of the residual with respect to faults and to keep the robustness of the controller, a scheme is proposed with a non linear residual generator and a family of PIDs interconnected in such a way that the stability is held even with actuator faults. The conditions reported by Bhattacharyya for a family of stabilizing PID controllers are used to select the fault tolerant PID parameters considering actuator faults. Using the benchmark of the three tank system with two pumps, simulations and experimental results show the advantages of the fault tolerant PID scheme.
A test of the effects of linguistic stereotypes in children's animated film: A language attitude study.

This study examined the claim that animated films influence childrens' opinions of accented-English. Two hundred and eighteen 3rd through 5th graders participated in a web-based survey. They listened to speakers with various accents: Mainstream US English (MUSE), African American Vernacular English (AAVE), French, British, and Arabic. Respondents judged speakers' personality traits (Work Ethic, Wealth, Attitude, Intelligence), assigned jobs/life positions, and provided personal information, movie watching habits, and exposure to foreign languages. Results indicate: (1) MUSE ranks higher and AAVE lower than other speakers, (2) jobs/life positions do not correlate with animated films, (3) movie watching habits correlate with AAVE, French, and British ratings, (4) foreign language exposure correlates with French, British, and Arabic ratings.
l-DOPA-induced Dyskinesia is Associated with Regional Increase of Striatal Dynorphin Peptides as Elucidated by Imaging Mass Spectrometry

Opioid peptides are involved in various pathophysiological processes, including algesia, epilepsy, and drug dependence. A strong association between l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia (LID) and elevated prodynorphin mRNA levels has been established in both patients and in animal models of Parkinson's disease, but to date the endogenous prodynorphin peptide products have not been determined. Here, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) was used for characterization, localization, and relative quantification of striatal neuropeptides in a rat model of LID in Parkinson's disease. MALDI IMS has the unique advantage of high sensitivity and high molecular specificity, allowing comprehensive detection of multiple molecular species in a single tissue section. Indeed, several dynorphins and enkephalins could be detected in the present study, including dynorphin A(1–8), dynorphin B, α-neoendorphin, MetEnkRF, MetEnkRGL, PEnk (198–209, 219–229). IMS analysis revealed elevated levels of dynorphin B, α-neoendorphin, substance P, and PEnk (220–229) in the dorsolateral striatum of high-dyskinetic animals compared with low-dyskinetic and lesion-only control rats. Furthermore, the peak-intensities of the prodynorphin derived peptides, dynorphin B and α-neoendorphin, were strongly and positively correlated with LID severity. Interestingly, these LID associated dynorphin peptides are not those with high affinity to κ opioid receptors, but are known to bind and activate also μ- and Δ-opioid receptors. In addition, the peak intensities of a novel endogenous metabolite of α-neoendorphin lacking the N-terminal tyrosine correlated positively with dyskinesia severity. MALDI IMS of striatal sections from Pdyn knockout mice verified the identity of fully processed dynorphin peptides and the presence of endogenous des-tyrosine α-neoendorphin. Des-tyrosine dynorphins display reduced opioid receptor binding and this points to possible novel nonopioid receptor mediated changes in the striatum of dyskinetic rats. Because des-tyrosine dynorphins can only be detected by mass spectrometry, as no antibodies are available, these findings highlight the importance of MALDI IMS analysis for the study of molecular dynamics in neurological diseases.
Regulation of Snf1 Protein Kinase in Response to Environmental Stress*

The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Snf1 protein kinase, a member of the Snf1/AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase) family, has important roles in metabolic control, particularly in response to nutrient stress. Here we have addressed the role of Snf1 in responses to other environmental stresses. Exposure of cells to sodium ion stress, alkaline pH, or oxidative stress caused an increase in Snf1 catalytic activity and phosphorylation of Thr-210 in the activation loop, whereas treatment with sorbitol or heat shock did not. Inhibition of respiratory metabolism by addition of antimycin A to cells also increased Snf1 activity. Analysis of mutants indicated that the kinases Sak1, Tos3, and Elm1, which activate Snf1 in response to glucose limitation, are also required under other stress conditions. Each kinase sufficed for activation in response to stress, but Sak1 had the major role. In sak1Δ tos3Δ elm1Δ cells expressing mammalian Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase α, Snf1 was activated by both sodium ion and alkaline stress, suggesting that stress signals regulate Snf1 activity by a mechanism that is independent of the upstream kinase. Finally, we showed that Snf1 protein kinase is regulated differently during adaptation of cells to NaCl and alkaline pH with respect to both temporal regulation of activation and subcellular localization. Snf1 protein kinase becomes enriched in the nucleus in response to alkaline pH but not salt stress. Such differences could contribute to specificity of the stress responses.
Effects of nitric oxide synthase isoform deletion on oxytocin and vasopressin messenger RNA in mouse hypothalamus

The effects of neuronal, endothelial, or inducible nitric oxide synthase gene disruption on the expression of oxytocin and vasopressin gene were examined in the hypothalamus (paraventricular, supraoptic, suprachiasmatic, and anterior commissural nuclei) and extrahypothalamus (bed nucleus of the stria terminalis). The oxytocin messenger RNA levels in the anterior commissural nucleus of neuronal nitric oxide synthase knockout mice were significantly higher than in control mice, but not in endothelial or inducible nitric oxide synthase knockout mice. In contrast, no significant effects of neuronal, endothelial, or inducible nitric oxide synthase gene disruption on oxytocin and vasopressin messenger RNA levels in the other hypothalamic and extrahypothalamic nuclei were observed. These results suggest that neuronal nitric-oxide-synthase-derived nitric oxide may be involved in the regulation of oxytocin gene expression in the anterior commissural nucleus.
Enterotoxigenicity of Staphylococcus aureus strains isolated from poultry: raw poultry carcases as a potential food-poisoning hazard.

Staphylococcus aureus strains were isolated from end-of-lay poultry carcases obtained from a plant at two different stages of processing before and after storage at different temperatures. These strains were supplemented with Staph. aureus strains isolated from poultry from a wide range of sources and biotyped, phage typed, and tested for production of enterotoxins A-E. The isolates were found to consist of poultry and human specific strains and each of these groups contained strains able to produce enterotoxin. Poultry strains produced only enterotoxin D whereas human strains produced enterotoxins A, C and D. The hen carcases used in storage experiments were found to be naturally contaminated with enterotoxin D producing staphylococci. No enterotoxin D could be detected on any of the carcases even after storage at temperatures which allowed multiplication of the organisms to occur (final Staph. aureus counts ranged from 102 to 107/16 cm2 of breast skin).
Distribuição de transtornos alimentares em indivíduos com diabetes melito do tipo 1 e do tipo 2: descrição de dois casos

The presence of changes in eating behavior seems to be increased in diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the distribution of varied categories of eating disorders tends to be distinguished according to the physiopathology of diabetes. The objective of this report is to discuss two distinct cases of eating disorders in type 1 (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Patient A is a 19-year-old female who has had T1DM since she was 13 years old. She presented prominent depressive symptoms and 2 years ago she started presenting binge eating episodes followed by self-induced vomits and insulin omission to avoid weight gain. Due to this behavior, she had several hospitalizations associated with worse glycemic control. After treatment with fluoxetine, there was remission of eating psychopathology and improvement in DM control. Patient B is a 42-year-old female who has had T2DM for 6 years. She has grade II obesity and had been showing, even before the diagnosis of T2DM, binge eating episodes in the absence of compensatory behaviors that jeopardized the metabolic control of DM. She started a treatment with fluoxetine up to 60 mg/day, with remission of binge eating, weight loss and reduction in glycosylated hemoglobin. The incidence of eating disorders in T1DM seems to be associated with an increase in concern with body shape and the possibility of insulin omission as a compensatory behavior. In T2DM, obesity seems to be one of the factors associated with the development of eating psychopathology.
Searching through the hierarchy: How level of target categorization affects visual search

Does the same basic-level advantage commonly observed in the categorization literature also hold for targets in a search task? We answered this question by first conducting a category verification task to define a set of categories showing a standard basic-level advantage, which we then used as stimuli in a search experiment. Participants were cued with a picture preview of the target or its category name at either superordinate, basic, or subordinate levels, then shown a target-present/absent search display. Although search guidance and target verification was best using pictorial cues, the effectiveness of the categorical cues depended on the hierarchical level. Search guidance was best for the specific subordinate-level cues, whereas target verification showed a standard basic-level advantage. These findings demonstrate different hierarchical advantages for guidance and verification in categorical search. We interpret these results as evidence for a common target representation underlying categorical search guidance and verification.
Performance comparison of coherent time-spreading PPM-OCDMA and OOK-OCDMA systems

We compared the bit-error-rate (BER) and throughput performance of coherent time-spreading (TS) optical code division multiple access (OCDMA) systems with PPM (pulse-position modulation) and OOK (on-off keying) signaling. The results indicate that PPM-OCDMA with an appropriate pulse position multiplicity performs better than OOK-OCDMA in the receivers' bandwidth limitation case.
Parental Bonding and Identity Style as Correlates of Self‐Esteem Among Adult Adoptees and Nonadoptees*

Adult adoptees (n equals 100) and non-adoptees (n equals 100) were compared with regard to selfesteem, identity processing style, and parental bonding. While some differences were found with regard to self-esteem, maternal care, and maternal overprotection, these differences were qualified by reunion status such that only reunited adoptees differed significantly from nonadoptees. Moreover, hierarchical regression analyses indicated that parental bonding and identity processing style were more important than adoptive status per se in predicting self esteem. Implications for practitioners who work with adoptees are discussed.
Relationship status moderates avoidant attachment differences in positive emotion decoding accuracy

We investigated attachment differences in the perception of facial emotion expressions. Participants completed a dimensional assessment of adult attachment and recognition accuracy tasks for positive and negative facial emotion expressions. Consistently, avoidant participants who were in romantic relationships, in comparison to singles, had lower decoding accuracy for facial expressions of positive emotions. The results were in line with the hypothesis that being in relationship functions as a naturalistic prime of avoidant persons' defensive tendency to ignore affiliative signals, facial expressions of positive emotion in this instance. The results inform emerging research on attachment and emotion perception by highlighting the role of perceivers' motivated social cognitions.
A Lower Bound for Boolean Permanent in Bijective Boolean Circuits and Its Consequences

We identify a new restriction on Boolean circuits called bijectivity and prove that bijective Boolean circuits require exponential size to compute the Boolean permanent function. As consequences of this lower bound, we show exponential size lower bounds for: (a) computing the Boolean permanent using monotone multilinear circuits ; (b) computing the 0-1 permanent function using monotone arithmetic circuits; and (c) computing the lexicographically rst bipartite perfect matching function using circuits over (min; concat). The lower bound arguments for the Boolean permanent function are adapted to prove an exponential lower bound for computing the Hamiltonian cycle function using bijective circuits. We identify a class of monotone functions such that if their counting version is ]P-hard, then there are no polynomial size bijective circuits for such functions unless PH collapses.
Gossypol Promotes Degeneration of Ovarian Follicles in Rats

The present study aimed to determine if gossypol interferes with ovarian follicles in rats. Twenty-four female Wistar rats were assigned to two equal groups: one control group and the other dosed with gossypol (25 mg/kg/day, subcutaneously) for 15 days. Ovarian follicles were histologically classified according to the stage of development and as normal or atretic. Gossypol treatment reduced the length of estrous with an increase in the duration of the diestrus phase. This compound was responsible for reduced serum levels of T4 and progesterone. Treatment with gossypol was responsible for a significant reduction in the number of normal ovarian follicles and a significant increase in the number of atretic follicles, both in all stages of development. Thus, treatment of rats with gossypol was responsible for reduction in the number of viable follicles and changes in hormone levels that resulted in interference of the estrous cycle.
Divergent Paths to Martyrdom and Significance Among Suicide Attackers

Abstract This research used open source information to investigate the motivational backgrounds of 219 suicide attackers from various regions of the world. We inquired as to whether the attackers exhibited evidence for significance quest as a motive for their actions, and whether the eradication of significance loss and/or the aspiration for significance gain systematically differed according to attackers’ demographics. It was found that the specific nature of the significance quest motive varied in accordance with attackers’ gender, age, and education. Whereas Arab-Palestinians, males, younger attackers, and more educated attackers seem to have been motivated primarily by the possibility of significance gain, women, older attackers, those with little education, and those hailing from other regions seem to have been motivated primarily by the eradication of significance loss. Analyses also suggested that the stronger an attacker’s significance quest motive, the greater the effectiveness of their attack, as measured by the number of casualties. Methodological limitations of the present study were discussed, and the possible directions for further research were indicated.
Psychology Beyond Western Perspectives

1. Beyond the limitations of Western psychology. 2. A universal psychology. 3. The influence of Western psychology upon psychological practice. 4. Interactions between cultures. 5. The social construction of failure. 6. Race, culture and the family. 7. Race, self and culture. 8. Normal development - beyond the Western model. 9. Mixed race and mixed cultures. 10. Euro-centric assumptions, counselling and psychotherapy. 11. Integrating perspectives: meeting wider needs.
Effects of Abstinence‐Only Education on Adolescent Attitudes and Values Concerning Premarital Sexual Intercourse

&NA; This article compares the values and attitudes of two groups of 7th and 8th grade adolescents toward premarital sexual activity. One group received state‐funded, abstinence‐only education; the other group did not receive that education. Abstinence‐only education did not significantly change adolescents' values and attitudes about premarital sexual activity, nor their intentions to engage in premarital sexual activity. The majority of both the treatment and control group subjects expressed disagreement with the statement: “It is okay for people my age to have sexual intercourse,” and they did not intend to have sexual intercourse while an unmarried teenager.