Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Impact of Human Donor Lung Gene Expression Profiles on Survival after Lung Transplantation: A Case‐Control Study

Primary graft dysfunction (PGD) continues to be a major cause of early death after lung transplantation. Moreover, there remains a lack of accurate pretransplant molecular markers for predicting PGD. To identify distinctive donor lung gene expression signatures associated with PGD, we profiled human donor lungs using microarray technology prior to implantation. The genomic profiles of 10 donor lung samples from patients who subsequently developed clinically defined severe PGD were compared with 16 case‐matched donor lung samples from those who had a favorable outcome without PGD (development set, n = 26). Selected PCR validated predictive genes were tested by quantitative reverse transcription‐polymerase chain reaction in an independent test set (n = 81). Our microarray analyses of the development set identified four significantly upregulated genes (ATP11B, FGFR2, EGLN1 and MCPH1) in the PGD samples. These genes were also significantly upregulated in donor samples of the test set of patients with poor outcomes when compared to those of patients with good outcomes after lung transplantation. This type of biological donor lung assessment shows significant promise for development of a more accurate diagnostic strategy to assess donor lungs prior to implantation.
Essays on well-being during crisis in Europe

The claim that economic crisis matters for well-being seems intuitive; supporting evidence, however, remains elusive. The present study aims to examine the individual and contextual determinants of well-being across regions in Europe during the 2007-2008 economic crisis. This study contributes to the existing research on the determinants of well-being in three ways. First, while most studies explain the determinants of well-being in the context of non-crisis, this study examines the determinants during a period of crisis. Second, while most research on well-being focuses on cross-national comparisons of well-being, this study investigates variations at both the regional and national levels. Third, while most studies use either individual or aggregate analyses to examine the determinants of well-being, this study uses multilevel models.This study uses datasets that combine individual, regional and country level data. Individual data is taken from the 2008 European Values Study (EVS) and the 2004-2010 European Social Survey (ESS). Regional level data comes from Eurostat and Euroboundarymaps, while country level data comes from the Inglehart Index, UNU-WIDER and Esping-Andersen categorisation on welfare states. To analyse the data, this study uses various multilevel models including multivariate multilevel model, multilevel simultaneous equations model and spatial dependence multilevel model.The main findings show that during the crisis under consideration, well-being is associated not only with individual determinants, but also with regional and national determinants. Results suggest that happiness and health are positively correlated at individual, regional and national levels. In terms of social capital, this study shows the reciprocal relationship between association membership and trust. Frequent Internet use at the time of crisis is positively associated with well-being. Finally, the findings suggest that, by means of unobserved factors, well-being is spatially correlated with the well-being of those neighbouring regions.
Total Factor Productivity Growth in Local Enterprise Partnership Regions in Britain, 1997–2008

Harris R. and Moffat J. Total factor productivity growth in Local Enterprise Partnership regions in Britain, 1997–2008, Regional Studies. This paper decomposes aggregate total factor productivity (TFP) growth in Britain for 1997–2008 to show the contribution of different Local Enterprise Partnerships (LEPs) as well as manufacturing and services and UK- and foreign-owned plants within LEPs. These contributions are further decomposed to show the role of productivity growth in continuing plants vis-à-vis reallocations in output shares. The results show that the largest LEPs, in population terms, with higher levels of job density, a greater reliance on manufacturing, more skilled and better qualified workers, and a lower turnover of businesses achieved the highest TFP growth. This is mostly the result of reallocations of output shares towards high productivity plants.
Good outcome in isolated basilar artery dissection

Isolated basilar artery dissection is a rare vascular pathology with varied clinical presentations and prognoses. We report a case of a 54-year-old woman, presented with subarachnoid hemorrhages (Hunt-Hess grade II). Brain computed tomography demonstrated a perimesencephalic pattern of haemorrhage. Magnetic resonance angiography revealed an isolated basilar artery dissection. Conservative treatment was performed. A complete resolution of the clinical symptoms occurs over a period of 30 days. There was no recurrent haemorrhage. On a follow-up magnetic resonance angiography three months later, a complete resolution of the intramural haematoma in the basilar artery was demonstrated. Some of the cases of basilar artery dissection with perimesencephalic pattern of subarachnoid haemorrhages could have a good prognosis, and could be treated conservatively.
Short-run Equilibrium Dynamics of Unemployment Vacancies, and Real Wages

In this paper, I study the dynamics of adjustment in a labor market, following an exogenous shock to the real value of output. Some of the stylized facts of business cycles, with which the predictions of the model are consistent, include first, real wages do not fully reflect fluctuations in the real value of labor's marginal product, so real profits fluctuate more than real wages. Second, unemployment responds to output shocks, but its response is slow. Finally, in countries where there are good data on vacancies, like Britain, we observe that vacancies respond more quickly to shocks and with greater amplitude than unemployment. Several authors have constructed models to explain why output shocks are absorbed partly by real wages and partly by unemployment (the empirical regularity in the United States is discussed by Robert Hall, 1980). Implicit contract models (Costas Azariadis, 1979; Oliver Hart, 1983) have successfully explained why real wages may not reflect output shocks, and the models with asymmetric information and severance pay have also had some success in explaining fluctuations in unemployment. Bargaining models (Ian McDonald and Robert Solow, 1981) and efficiency wage models (Janet Yellen, 1984) appear to be more successful in explaining fluctuations in unemployment, but formalizations are still in their infancy. The models have not yet been subjected to the same scrutiny as implicit contract and earlier models. One feature shared by all these models is that they are static. They explain how real wages and employment respond to shocks in a comparative-static framework but say nothing about the adjustment path from one equilibrium to the next. Also, the models say nothing about job vacancies, either in equilibrium or during the adjustment process. By contrast, this paper takes the view that by modeling job vacancies explicitly, one can learn more about the behavior of unemployment and real wages, both in equilibrium and during the adjustment to equilibrium. Thus, the model developed below is explicitly dynamic, and in it job vacancies play a critical role in the transmission of output shocks to real wages and unemployment. A job vacancy indicates a willingness by a firm to hire a worker. ' It is equivalent to unemployment of capital, so just as workers move between the states of employment and unemployment, jobs move between the states of occupancy and vacancy. I model the interaction of vacancies and unemployment by using ideas from equilibrium search theory, where there is continuous wage recontracting and perfect anticipation of the adjustment paths of all endogenous variables. Job vacancies enter the model via their influence on job contacts, which depend on the number of firms looking for workers. Some firms may not wish to hire and so they may not be actively engaged in the search process. Only firms with job vacancies are actively engaged in search, so the number of job contacts and
Freezing of Gait in Parkinson's Disease Is Associated with Reduced 6-[18F]Fluoro-l-m-tyrosine Uptake in the Locus Coeruleus

Freezing of gait (FOG) is a common disorder in Parkinson's disease (PD) and could be attributed to a reduction in brain noradrenaline. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between aromatic l-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) activity in the locus coeruleus (LC) and FOG in PD using high-resolution positron emission tomography with an AADC tracer, 6-[18F]fluoro-l-m-tyrosine (FMT). We assessed 40 patients with PD and 11 age-matched healthy individuals. PD was diagnosed based on the UK Brain Bank criteria by two movement disorder experts. FOG was directly observed by the clinician and assessed using a patient questionnaire. FMT uptake in the LC, caudate, and putamen was analyzed using PMOD software on coregistered magnetic resonance images. FOG was present in 30 patients. The severity of FOG correlated with the decrease of FMT uptake in the LC regardless of disease duration and the severity of other motor impairments, indicating dysfunction of the noradrenergic network in FOG.
From 'Tucked Away' to 'Joined at the Hip': Understanding the Evolving Relationships within the HRBP Model in a Regional Energy Company.

Many authors have studied how the HRM function has evolved. A fundamental recurring theme in the literature centres upon the role HRM should play to ensure it adds real value to organisations. This article seeks to contribute to the ongoing debate surrounding the HRM role by reporting findings from case study research carried out in an organisation that has recently restructured its HRM function towards the Human Resource Business Partnership model. Through interviewing key stakeholders in the organisation, our aim was to understand the roles which HRM professionals play and the key stakeholders with whom they have relationships. Evidence suggests that, as a result of the restructuring, the HRM function has a more strategic and integrated position with many viewing HRM professionals and advisors as valued business partners. However, we also noted some important ambiguities, tensions and role conflicts amongst the key parties involved in the partnership, which suggests that further work is required to fully clarify the role of the HRM function in this organisation and to ensure that relationships continue to evolve successfully.
The investigation of genetic diversity and evolution of Daweishan Mini chicken based on the complete mitochondrial (mt)DNA D-loop region sequence

Abstract This study evaluated the genetic diversity and origin of Daweishan Mini chickens using mtDNA sequence polymorphism. Blood samples from 30 Daweishan Mini chickens were collected. The complete D-loop was PCR amplified, sequenced and compared with the DNA data of five Red Junglefowl (Gallus gallus) subspecies. Eighteen variable sites that defined six haplotypes were observed. The six haplotypes were clustered into four clades (A, B, D and E), of which clade A and B were dominant. Clades Aand B were clustered with G.g. spadiceus, indicating these two clades may have originated from this subspecies. These results show there is diversity in the middle of the mtDNA D-loop, and indicate there are multiple maternal origins for Daweishan Mini chickens. It appears that G.g. spadiceus contributed more to the evolution of the Daweishan Mini chickens breed than the other four subspecies tested here.
Relations Between Traumatic Stress, Dimensions of Impulsivity, and Reactive and Appetitive Aggression in Individuals With Refugee Status

Objective: Traumatic stressors and other forms of adversities, especially when experienced during childhood, shape aggressive behavior. Effects of differential dimensions of impulsivity on the relationship between psychological trauma, reactive aggression (defensive survival response to threat), and appetitive aggression (the pleasure of attacking and fighting) have not yet been assessed. Method: Using structural equation modeling, we sought to uncover precursors of reactive and appetitive aggression investigating a sample of 94 adult individuals with refugee status. We were interested in direct effects of childhood maltreatment and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and indirect effects via impulsivity dimensions. Results: For reactive aggression there was a direct link between childhood maltreatment and (a) PTSD symptoms and (b) marginal sensation seeking. Childhood maltreatment and sensation seeking best predicted appetitive aggression. There was no evidence for indirect effects of impulsivity. Conclusions: Fear-driven response to perceived threat based on inadequate cognitive appraisal is assumed to cause pathological reactive aggression, whereas excessive appetitive aggression can be explained by repeated experiences of thrill and excitement during violent acts. Prevention of early traumatic stress and adversities seems key to breaking the cycle of violence.
Successful Rescue of an Adult With Refractory Anaphylactic Shock and Abdominal Compartment Syndrome With Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation and Bedside Laparotomy

The incidence of life-threatening anaphylactic reactions related to anesthesia is approximately 1 in 6000 anesthetics administered, and is associated with mortality as high as 5%. In such cases the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in the setting of refractory shock following anaphylaxis may be life saving. Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) itself and in this case complicating ECMO support, is a potentially devastating complication of high-volume resuscitation. Decompressive laparotomy is the treatment of choice for ACS. We present a patient treated with venoarterial ECMO for refractory shock following anaphylaxis who developed ACS that was successfully treated with urgent decompressive laparotomy performed in the intensive care unit. This case report highlights the role of abdominal compartment syndrome as a rare but potentially fatal cause of low circuit flow in ECMO-supported patients and proposes a stepwise approach to decision making in this setting. Urgent decompressive laparotomy is potentially lifesaving in this circumstance, and should be urgently considered once other causes of low ECMO flow have been excluded.
The Impacts of Feed-In Tariffs on Innovation: Empirical Evidence from Germany

Feed-in tariffs under the Renewable Energy Sources Act, the so-called Erneuerbare-Energien-Gesetz (EEG), have triggered a massive expansion of electricity from renewable energy sources in Germany over the last decade. The increase in non-competitive renewable power generation though went hand in hand with a substantial rise in electricity prices with consumers paying for the renewable energy subsidies. The high cost burden has provoked an intense public debate on the benefits of renewable energy promotion. In this paper, we assess one popular justification for feed-in tariffs, i.e., induced innovation as a positive spillover externality. Based on regressions with a time-technology fixed effect negative binomial model, we find that innovation impacts of feed-in tariffs under the EEG are insignificant.
Safety of maintaining intravenous sites for longer than 48 H

Two years of experience with infections in intravenous (IV) therapy were studied through cohort analysis of infection surveillance records. The overall rate of infection was low compared with other published reports, but the risk of infection was related to the duration of cannulation. IVs in place for no more than 48 h accounted for 75% of all IVs and 26% of IV-associated infections, those in place for 48 to 72 h accounted for 12.5% of IVs and 23% of IV-associated infections, and those in place in excess of 72 h accounted for 12.5% of IVs, but 51% of IV-associated infections. Septicemia was associated with site infection in 20% of cases. This application of routinely obtained infection surveillance data demonstrates the ability of comprehensive surveillance programs to facilitate administrative decisions and to document subsequent quality of patient care.
Holism-based features for target classification in focused and complex-valued synthetic aperture radar imagery

Reductionism and holism are two worldviews underlying the fields of linear and nonlinear signal processing, respectively. Conventional radar resolution theory is motivated by the former view, and it is violated by nonlinear phase modulation induced by dispersive scattering typically associated with extended targets. Motivated by the latter view, this paper offers a new insight into the process of feature extraction for target-recognition applications in single-channel imagery output from synthetic aperture radar processors. Two novel frameworks for holism-based feature extraction are presented. The first framework is based solely on the often-ignored phase chip. The second framework uses the complex-valued 2-D synthetic aperture radar chip after it is transformed into a 1-D vector. Representative features are introduced under each framework. Further, for comparison purposes, baseline features from the power-detected chip are also considered. Three feature sets are extracted from the real-world MSTAR data set and used separately and combinatorially to design multiple instances of an eight-class support vector machine classifier. A classification accuracy of 93.42% is achieved for the holism-based features. This is in comparison to 73.63% for the baseline features. Using Fisher scoring to measure the information contained in each feature, top-ranked features from the first and second holism-based frameworks, respectively, are found to be 7 and 160 times those of the baseline features. Because the nonlinear phenomenon is resolution dependent, our proposed approach is expected to achieve even greater accuracy for synthetic aperture radar sensors with higher resolution.
Integrating Regional Economic Indicators with the Real Estate Cycle

Previous literature has followed an evolutionary path in the examination of office market volatility. Where initial models were designed to show the close relationship between economic fundamentals and volatility at the national level, more recent models have focused on metro-level volatility. This study quantifies the volatility associated with metropolitan markets in terms of vacancy rates and identifies those economic factors that underlie this risk. The analysis suggests that movements in vacancy rates are likely to be affected by different factors at different stages of the cycle. In the long run, this analysis shows that the availability of capital had the strongest effect on the volatility of office vacancy rates. In periods that follow excess construction, market-specific, demand-side factors appear to be the dominant influence.
The prevalence of personality disorders in 210 women with eating disorders.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to assess the prevalence, reliability, and predictive value of comorbid personality disorders in a large sample of 210 women seeking treatment for anorexia nervosa (N = 31), bulimia nervosa (N = 91), or mixed disorder (N = 88). METHOD All subjects were interviewed using the Structured Interview for DSM-III Personality Disorders as part of a longitudinal outcome study of eating disorders currently underway at Massachusetts General Hospital. RESULTS Of the 210 subjects, 27% had at least one personality disorder; the most commonly observed was borderline personality disorder in 18 subjects (9%). The highest prevalence of personality disorders was found in the anorexia nervosa/bulimia nervosa group at 39%, followed by 22% in the anorexics and 21% in the bulimic sample. We found statistically significant differences regarding the distribution of personality disorders across eating disorder groups. The dramatic personality disorder cluster was differentially distributed across groups; this finding was accounted for by higher rates of borderline personality disorder in the bulimia nervosa and anorexia nervosa/bulimia nervosa groups than in the anorexia nervosa group. The anxious personality disorder cluster was differentially distributed across groups with higher rates in the anorexia nervosa and anorexia nervosa/bulimia nervosa samples. Those subjects with a comorbid personality disorder had a significantly slower recovery rate than those without a comorbid personality disorder. CONCLUSION The prevalence of personality disorders is not high in treatment-seeking women with eating disorders compared with previously studied samples. The greatest frequency of comorbid personality disorders is in the anorexia nervosa/bulimia nervosa group; this subset also had longer duration of eating disorder illness and much greater comorbid Axis I psychopathology compared with the rest of the sample. Future studies should address whether personality disorders have predictive value in the long-term course and outcome of eating disorders.
Induction of reactive oxygen species generation inhibits epithelial–mesenchymal transition and promotes growth arrest in prostate cancer cells

Oxidative stress is one causative factor of the pathogenesis and aggressiveness of most of the cancer types, including prostate cancer (CaP). A moderate increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) induces cell proliferation whereas excessive amounts of ROS promote apoptosis. In this study, we explored the pro‐oxidant property of 3,9‐dihydroxy‐2‐prenylcoumestan (psoralidin [pso]), a dietary agent, on CaP (PC‐3 and C4‐2B) cells. Pso greatly induced ROS generation (more than 20‐fold) that resulted in the growth inhibition of CaP cells. Overexpression of anti‐oxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1), SOD2, and catalase, or pretreatment with the pharmacological inhibitor N‐acetylcysteine (NAC) significantly attenuated both pso‐mediated ROS generation and pso‐mediated growth inhibition in CaP cells. Furthermore, pso administration significantly inhibited the migratory and invasive property of CaP cells by decreasing the transcription of β‐catenin, and slug, which promote epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), and by concurrently inducing E‐cadherin expression in CaP cells. Pso‐induced ROS generation in CaP cells resulted in loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, cytochrome‐c release, and activation of caspase‐3 and ‐9 and poly (ADP‐ribose) polymerase (PARP), which led to apoptosis. On the other hand, overexpression of anti‐oxidants rescued pso‐mediated effects on CaP cells. These findings suggest that increasing the threshold of intracellular ROS could prevent or treat CaP growth and metastasis. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Antimicrobial resistance with Streptococcus pneumoniae in the United States, 1997 98.

From November 1997 to April 1998, 1,601 clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae were obtained from 34 U.S. medical centers. The overall rate of strains showing resistance to penicillin was 29. 5%, with 17.4% having intermediate resistance. Multidrug resistance, defined as lack of susceptibility to penicillin and at least two other non-ss-lactam classes of antimicrobial drugs, was observed in 16.0% of isolates. Resistance to all 10 ss-lactam drugs examined in this study was directly related to the level of penicillin resistance. Penicillin resistance rates were highest in isolates from middle ear fluid and sinus aspirates of children ambulatory-care settings. Twenty-four of the 34 medical centers in this study had participated in a similar study 3 years before. In 19 of these 24 centers, penicillin resistance rates increased 2.9% to 39.2%. Similar increases were observed with rates of resistance to other antimicrobial drugs.