Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Risks and resilience in immigrant youth adaptation: Who succeeds in the Greek school context and why?

Positive immigrant youth adaptation in the school context is a sign that development and acculturation are proceeding well. It is also a predictor of positive adult outcomes. Significant diversity has been observed in the adaptive success of immigrant youth, revealing a mixture of risk and paradox. In this article, I draw on data from a three-wave longitudinal project, the Athena Study of Resilient Adaptation, to examine the question of who among immigrant youth succeeds in the Greek school context and why. The study focused on immigrants from Albania and ethnic Greeks from the former Soviet Union. Findings from this study do not support the well-known immigrant paradox, where immigrant youth adaptation is positive and at times better than that of their non-immigrant peers. Instead, immigrant youth adaptation in the school context was worse than that of their Greek peers, both concurrently and over time, and especially with respect to core developmental tasks. Moreover, neither immigrant generation nor ethnic group significantly differentiated these results. Immigrant youth's personal and social capital contributed to individual differences in their adaptation. It is argued that these results may reflect societal-level influences, such as the low tolerance for diversity in Greek society and the almost complete lack of institutionalized educational support.
Crowdsourcing urban form and function

Urban form and function have been studied extensively in urban planning and geographical information science. However, gaining a greater understanding of how they merge to define the urban morphology remains a substantial scientific challenge. Toward this goal, this paper addresses the opportunities presented by the emergence of crowdsourced data to gain novel insights into form and function in urban spaces. We are focusing in particular on information harvested from social media and other open-source and volunteered datasets (e.g. trajectory and OpenStreetMap data). These data provide a first-hand account of form and function from the people who define urban space through their activities. This novel bottom-up approach to study these concepts complements traditional urban studies to provide a new lens for studying urban activity. By synthesizing recent advancements in the analysis of open-source data, we provide a new typology for characterizing the role of crowdsourcing in the study of urban morphology. We illustrate this new perspective by showing how social media, trajectory, and traffic data can be analyzed to capture the evolving nature of a city’s form and function. While these crowd contributions may be explicit or implicit in nature, they are giving rise to an emerging research agenda for monitoring, analyzing, and modeling form and function for urban design and analysis.
Feminism in Scotland: Self-identification and stereotypes

A questionnaire concerned with gender issues was completed by 2029 women and 2137 men students at a Scottish University. Of the women respondents, 1252 answered a question about whether they thought of themselves as feminists; 5% ticked 'always', 9% 'often', 59% 'occasionally' and 27% 'never'. Women in the 36-45 year old age bracket and postgraduate women were most likely to identify as feminists. This question was included in a factor analysis with items concerning gender roles. It loaded strongly only on the third factor, which linked strong feminist identification to an endorsement of an essentialist model of gender differences. Analysis of extended comments in response to a question about the image of feminism indicated that both male and female students were affected by negative stereotypes of feminism in the media. It was concluded that the study showed a somewhat stronger level of identification with feminism than previous studies.
Volunteering at the stock camp: Negotiating social positions

Abstract The Stock Camp is a regular attraction at the National Folk Festival (NFF), a premier annual tourist event in Canberra, Australia. It relies heavily on the “authenticity” of its Australian food, bush entertainment, and “authentically Australian” volunteers for ongoing popularity. Using an auto-ethnographic approach (Saukko, 2002), this paper explores the extent to which new Stock Camp volunteers are prepared to accept the social positioning (Harré & van Langenhove, 1991, 1999) imposed on them by established Stock Camp volunteers. Findings from this study suggest that the social positioning of new Stock Camp volunteers imposes a strictly prescribed “authentic” Australian collective social identity, a gendered division of roles, and hierarchical power structures that make it difficult for new volunteers to accept the social positions imposed by established volun; teers. Inflexible positioning may be a barrier to further volunteering commitment. Auto-ethnography is shown to be a valuable research methodology, especially in socio-cultural leisure research as it enables the researcher to identify the processes through which better sense can be made of familiar and unfamiliar experiences within specific socio-cultural contexts.
Effect of primary processing of cereals and legumes on its nutritional quality: A comprehensive review

Abstract Cereals and legumes are important part of dietaries and contribute substantially to nutrient intake of human beings. They are significant source of energy, protein, dietary fiber, vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals. Primary processing of cereals and legumes is an essential component of their preparation before use. For some grains, dehusking is an essential step, whereas for others, it could be milling the grain into flour. Grains are subjected to certain processing treatments to impart special characteristics and improve organoleptic properties such as expanded cereals. All these treatments result in alteration of their nutritional quality which could either be reduction in nutrients, phytochemicals and antinutrients or an improvement in digestibility or availability of nutrients. It is important to understand these changes occurring in grain nutritional quality on account of pre-processing treatments to select appropriate techniques to obtain maximum nutritional and health benefits. This review attempts to throw light on nutritional alterations occurring in grains due to pre-processing treatments.
Effects of Anodal Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Visually Guided Learning of Grip Force Control

Anodal transcranial Direct Current Stimulation (tDCS) has been shown to be an effective non-invasive brain stimulation method for improving cognitive and motor functioning in patients with neurological deficits. tDCS over motor cortex (M1), for instance, facilitates motor learning in stroke patients. However, the literature on anodal tDCS effects on motor learning in healthy participants is inconclusive, and the effects of tDCS on visuo-motor integration are not well understood. In the present study we examined whether tDCS over the contralateral motor cortex enhances learning of grip-force output in a visually guided feedback task in young and neurologically healthy volunteers. Twenty minutes of 1 mA anodal tDCS were applied over the primary motor cortex (M1) contralateral to the dominant (right) hand, during the first half of a 40 min power-grip task. This task required the control of a visual signal by modulating the strength of the power-grip for six seconds per trial. Each participant completed a two-session sham-controlled crossover protocol. The stimulation conditions were counterbalanced across participants and the sessions were one week apart. Performance measures comprised time-on-target and target-deviation, and were calculated for the periods of stimulation (or sham) and during the afterphase respectively. Statistical analyses revealed significant performance improvements over the stimulation and the afterphase, but this learning effect was not modulated by tDCS condition. This suggests that the form of visuomotor learning taking place in the present task was not sensitive to neurostimulation. These null effects, together with similar reports for other types of motor tasks, lead to the proposition that tDCS facilitation of motor learning might be restricted to cases or situations where the motor system is challenged, such as motor deficits, advanced age, or very high task demand.
Metabolic Fate of Fructose Ingested with and without Glucose in a Mixed Meal

Ingestion of pure fructose stimulates de novo lipogenesis and gluconeogenesis. This may however not be relevant to typical nutritional situations, where fructose is invariably ingested with glucose. We therefore assessed the metabolic fate of fructose incorporated in a mixed meal without or with glucose in eight healthy volunteers. Each participant was studied over six hours after the ingestion of liquid meals containing either 13C-labelled fructose, unlabeled glucose, lipids and protein (Fr + G) or 13C-labelled fructose, lipids and protein, but without glucose (Fr), or protein and lipids alone (ProLip). After Fr + G, plasma 13C-glucose production accounted for 19.0% ± 1.5% and 13CO2 production for 32.2% ± 1.3% of 13C-fructose carbons. After Fr, 13C-glucose production (26.5% ± 1.4%) and 13CO2 production (36.6% ± 1.9%) were higher (p < 0.05) than with Fr + G. 13C-lactate concentration and very low density lipoprotein VLDL 13C-palmitate concentrations increased to the same extent with Fr + G and Fr, while chylomicron 13C-palmitate tended to increase more with Fr + G. These data indicate that gluconeogenesis, lactic acid production and both intestinal and hepatic de novo lipogenesis contributed to the disposal of fructose carbons ingested together with a mixed meal. Co-ingestion of glucose decreased fructose oxidation and gluconeogenesis and tended to increase 13C-pamitate concentration in gut-derived chylomicrons, but not in hepatic-borne VLDL-triacylglycerol (TG). This trial was approved by clinicaltrial. gov. Identifier is NCT01792089.
Active Ingredients in Cade Oil That Synergize Attractiveness of α-Ionol to Male Bactrocera latifrons (Diptera: Tephritidae)

Abstract Cade oil, a commercially available essential oil produced by destructive distillation of juniper, Juniperus oxycedrus L. , twigs, is known to synergize the attractancy of α-ionol to male Bactrocera latifrons (Hendel). Through chemical fractionation and outdoor olfactometer-based bioassays, seven compounds in cade oil were identified that potentially could provide some level of synergism. Tests with sterile laboratory flies showed that four of the seven compounds (eugenol, isoeugenol, 2-methoxy-4-ethylphenol, and 2-methoxy-4-propylphenol), together with a closely related compound not found in cade oil, 2-methoxy-4-methylphenol, are capable of synergizing the attractiveness of α-ionol to male B. latifrons under field conditions. The similarity in structures of these five synergistic compounds shows that there is a response to a core 2-methoxyphenol structure, with fly response little affected by some variation in the composition of the side chain on the number 4 carbon. Because identified synergists were structurally similar, only one compound, eugenol, was selected for further field studies. In an 8-wk weathering test, using released sterile flies, traps baited with α-ionol + eugenol had catches comparable with catches at traps baited with α-ionol + cade oil, with catches generally increased with a higher eugenol loading. For both eugenol and cade oil, catches tended to be better when these synergists were deployed on separate wicks from the α-ionol. Eugenol and α-ionol, however, were unable to provide attraction comparable with that of cade oil and α-ionol in tests with wild fly populations.
The Double Standard of Age

Abstract In an attempt to examine empirically the double standard of age, 63 males and 57 females were shown slide photographs of younger (in their 20s) and older (in their 40s) male and female stimulus persons (SPs) and asked to judge them on a number of characteristics and to rank them in terms of the S's preferences for interacting with the SPs in various types of relationships. Although the results do not directly support a double standard of age across all dimensions investigated, they indicate a double standard in terms of dating preferences, the ramifications of which may be extensive.
Emotional Balancing of Organizational Continuity and Radical Change: The Contribution of Middle Managers

Based on a three-year inductive field study of an attempt at radical change in a large firm, I show how middle managers displayed two seemingly opposing emotion-management patterns that facilitated beneficial adaptation for their work groups: (1) emotionally committing to personally championed change projects and (2) attending to recipients' emotions. Low emotional commitment to change led to organizational inertia, whereas high commitment to change with little attending to recipients' emotions led to chaos. The enactment of both patterns constituted emotional balancing and facilitated organizational adaptation: change, continuity in providing quality in customer service, and developing new knowledge and skills.
Regional interaction and its effect on patterns of myocardial segmental shortening and lengthening during different models of asynchronous contraction in the dog.

OBJECTIVE The aim was to examine the effect of asynchrony and regional myocardial interaction on the pattern of segmental contraction and relaxation. METHODS Three models of asynchrony were produced. Firstly the left anterior descending artery was abruptly occluded for 60 s. Secondly, the same artery was gradually occluded to produce four degrees of ischaemia based on the severity of the mechanical dysfunction. Finally, asynchrony was created by infusing isoprenaline (0.04 microgram.ml-1) into the left circumflex artery. Twelve anaesthetised beagles, weighing 16-21 kg, were used for the study. RESULTS The patterns of contraction and relaxation were characterised by analysing the phases of shortening and lengthening, the peak lengthening rate (dL/dt), and the timing from the onset of systole to minimum systolic length. A consistent pattern of shortening and lengthening was evident during all three models of asynchrony. There were reciprocal relations between the extent of isovolumetric shortening in the normal segment and in the abnormal segment, and on occasion between the extent of isovolumetric shortening in the normal segment and the extent of isovolumetric lengthening in the same segment. Normal segments that showed minimal shortening or even some lengthening during isovolumetric systole tended to shorten beyond ejection, while segments that shortened significantly during isovolumetric contraction, lengthened earlier. Despite no change in isovolumetric shortening, segments also shortened after ejection when the opposite segment lengthened in late systole and early diastole. CONCLUSIONS The pattern of shortening and lengthening depends on the path of contraction or on its entire loading pattern throughout systole. It is also possible that during early isovolumetric systole a segment can either be unloaded or preloaded by an opposing segment.
Walking in each other's Shoes: Perspective Taking Mediates Effects of Emotional Intelligence on Relationship Quality

Although theorists have repeatedly emphasized that emotional intelligence should be linked to relationship quality, little empirical research has systematically examined emotional intelligence in romantic relationships using appropriate dyadic designs and analyses. The present research investigated the relationship between emotional intelligence and aspects of relationship quality (satisfaction, closeness and commitment). Study 1 was conducted online with 191 heterosexual couples. We found that a person's perceptions of relationship quality were predicted not only by that person's emotional intelligence, but also by the relationship partner's emotional intelligence. In Study 2, these positive actor and partner effects of emotional intelligence on relationship satisfaction and closeness were replicated in a sample of 80 couples in the laboratory. In this context, couples engaged in a conflict discussion, and perspective taking of the partners was rated by the experimenter. Actor–Partner Interdependence Mediation Model showed that perspective taking mediated the effects of emotional intelligence on relationship quality. The present research confirmed the link between emotional intelligence and relationship quality and sheds light on the processes through which emotional intelligence affects the quality of romantic relationships. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The SycN/YscB chaperone-binding domain of YopN is required for the calcium-dependent regulation of Yop secretion by Yersinia pestis

Numerous Gram-negative bacterial pathogens employ type III secretion systems (T3SSs) to inject effector proteins into eukaryotic cells. The activation of the type III secretion (T3S) process is tightly controlled in all T3SSs. In Yersinia pestis, the secretion of effector proteins, termed Yersinia outer proteins (Yops), is regulated by the activity of the YopN/SycN/YscB/TyeA complex. YopN is a secreted protein that interacts with the SycN/YscB chaperone via an N-terminal chaperone-binding domain (CBD) and with TyeA via a C-terminal TyeA-binding domain (TBD). Efficient YopN secretion is dependent upon its N-terminal secretion signal (SS), CBD, and the SycN/YscB chaperone. In this study, we investigate the role of the YopN CBD in the regulation of Yop secretion. Analysis of YopE/YopN hybrid proteins in which the YopN SS or SS and CBD were replaced with the analogous regions of YopE indicated that the YopN CBD or SycN/YscB chaperone play a role in the regulation of Yop secretion that is independent of their established roles in YopN secretion. To further analyze the role of the YopN CBD in the regulation of Yop secretion a series of tetra-alanine substitution mutants were generated throughout the YopN CBD. A number of these mutants exhibited a defect in the regulation of Yop secretion but showed no defect in YopN secretion or in the interaction of YopN with the SycN/YscB chaperone. Finally, conditions were established that enabled YopN and TyeA to regulate Yop secretion in the absence of the SycN/YscB chaperone. Importantly, a number of the YopN CBD mutants maintained their defect in the regulation of Yop secretion even under the established SycN/YscB chaperone-independent conditions. These studies establish a role for the CBD region of YopN in the regulation of Yop secretion that is independent from its role in YopN secretion or in the binding of the SycN/YscB chaperone.
Crosscutting patterns and design stability: An exploratory analysis

It is often claimed that inaccurate modularisation of crosscutting concerns hinders program comprehension and, as a consequence, leads to harmful software instabilities. However, recent studies have pointed out that crosscutting concerns are not always harmful to design stability. Hence, software maintainers would benefit from well documented patterns of crosscutting concerns and a better understanding about their actual impact on design stability. This paper presents a catalogue of crosscutting concern patterns recurrently observed in software systems. These patterns are described and classified based on an intuitive vocabulary that facilitates their recognition by software engineers. We analysed instances of the crosscutting patterns in object-oriented and aspect-oriented versions of three evolving programs. The outcomes of our exploratory evaluation indicated that: (i) a certain category of crosscutting patterns seems to be good indicator of harmful instabilities, and (ii) aspect-oriented solutions were unable to modularise concerns matching some crosscutting patterns.
Hamiltonian 2-forms in Kahler geometry, I

We introduce the notion of a hamiltonian 2-form on a Kähler man-ifold and obtain a complete local classification. This notion appears to play a pivotal role in several aspects of Kähler geometry. In particular, on any Kähler manifold with co-closed Bochner tensor, the (suitably normalized) Ricci form is hamiltonian, and this leads to an explicit description of these Kähler metrics, which we call weakly Bochner-flat. Hamiltonian 2-forms draw attention to a general construction of Kähler met-rics which interpolates between toric geometry and Calabi-like constructions of metrics on (projective) line bundles. They also arise on conformally-Einstein Kähler manifolds. We explore these connections and ramifications. In a previous paper [3], while investigating Kähler 4-manifolds whose antiselfdual Weyl tensor is co-closed, we happened upon a remarkable linear differential equation for (1, 1)-forms φ on a Kähler manifold. This equation states that ∇ X φ = 1 2 (d tr ω φ ∧ JX − Jd tr ω φ ∧ X) (1) for all vector fields X, where (g, J, ω) is the Kähler structure with Levi-Civita connection ∇. A hamiltonian 2-form is a (nontrivial) solution φ of (1). Hamiltonian 2-forms underpin many explicit constructions in Kähler geometry. In particular they arise on Bochner-flat Kähler manifolds and on Kähler manifolds (of dimension greater than four) which are conformally-Einstein, both of which have been classified recently, respectively by Bryant [5], and Derdzi´nski and Maschler [9]. In this paper we obtain an explicit local classification of all Kähler metrics with a hamiltonian 2-form, which provides a unifying framework for these works, and at the same time extends Bryant's local classification to the much larger class of Kähler manifolds with co-closed Bochner tensor, called weakly Bochner-flat. The key feature of hamiltonian 2-forms—and the reason for the name—is that if φ is hamiltonian, and σ 1 ,. σ m are the elementary symmetric functions of the eigenvalues of φ with respect to the Kähler form ω, then the hamiltonian vector fields K r = J grad g σ r are all Killing. Furthermore, the Poisson brackets {σ r , σ s } are all zero, so that the Killing vector fields K 1 ,. K m commute. If K 1 ,. K m are linearly independent, then the Kähler metric is toric. However, not every toric Kähler metric arises in this way: the hamiltonian property also implies that the eigenvalues of φ have orthogonal gradients. …
The Do’s and Don’ts for CNN-Based Face Verification

While the research community appears to have developed a consensus on the methods of acquiring annotated data, design and training of CNNs, many questions still remain to be answered. In this paper, we explore the following questions that are critical to face recognition research: (i) Can we train on still images and expect the systems to work on videos? (ii) Are deeper datasets better than wider datasets? (iii) Does adding label noise lead to improvement in performance of deep networks? (iv) Is alignment needed for face recognition? We address these questions by training CNNs using CASIA-WebFace, UMD-Faces, and a new video dataset and testing on YouTube-Faces, IJB-A and a disjoint portion of UMDFaces datasets. Our new data set, which will be made publicly available, has 22,075 videos and 3,735,476 human annotated frames extracted from them.