Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Chemical Diversity of Lantana camara: Analyses of Essential Oil Samples from Cuba, Nepal, and Yemen

The aerial parts of Lantana camara L. were collected from three different geographical locations: Artemisa (Cuba), Biratnagar (Nepal), and Sana'a (Yemen). The essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. A cluster analysis of 39 L. camara essential oil compositions revealed eight major chemotypes: β‐caryophyllene, germacrene D, ar‐curcumene/zingiberene, γ‐curcumen‐15‐al/epi‐β‐bisabolol, (E)‐nerolidol, davanone, eugenol/alloaromadendrene, and carvone. The sample from Cuba falls into the group dominated by (E)‐nerolidol, the sample from Nepal is a davanone chemotype, and the sample from Yemen belongs to the β‐caryophyllene chemotype. The chemical composition of L. camara oil plays a role in the biological activity; the β‐caryophyllene and (E)‐nerolidol chemotypes showed antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities.
History of Dental Infections Associates with Cancer in Periodontally Healthy Subjects: A 24-Year Follow-Up Study from Sweden

Background: Infections of teeth are highly prevalent, often leading to tooth extractions. Missing teeth can thus be considered as proxy for chronic dental infections, caries or periodontitis. We followed-up a cohort for 24 years investigating the association between missing teeth and the incidence of cancer with the hypothesis that dental chronic inflammation links to cancer. Methods: WHO ICD-7-9-10 malignant diagnoses were recorded from the Swedish Cancer Registry from 1985 to 2009 in 1 390 individuals who had underwent clinical oral examination in 1985. The subjects appeared periodontally healthy and thus the probable reason for tooth extractions was deep caries. Using Fisher's exact t-test and multiple logistic regression analysis the results were analysed for the association between cancer incidence and baseline oral health parameters and a number of other explanatory factors. Results: Of the 1 390 subjects 71 had got cancer by year 2009. The results of the multiple regression analysis showed that between any type of cancer as a dependent variable, and several independent explanatory variables, missing second molar in the right mandible and age appeared as the principle independent predictors significantly associating with cancer, with an odds ratio (95% confidence interval) of 2.62 (1.18-5.78) and 1.91 (1.06-3.43), respectively. Conclusions: In periodontally healthy subjects extracted molars, proxy for past dental infections, seemed to predict cancer risk in the studied age group - hence supporting a role of chronic dental infection/inflammation in carcinogenesis.
Copd and occupation: a retrospective cohort study of industrial workers

The aim of this paper was to ascertain chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) prevalence among industrial workers in the Russian Federation and determine relative contribution of smoking and occupational factors to COPD. We recruited 1,375 workers aged 30 or over. Six hundred and twenty-four of them were occupationally exposed to vapours, gases, dust, and fumes (VGDF). Physical examination and baseline spirometry were performed for all the participants of the study. Those with airfl ow limitation of FEV1/FVC<0.70 were considered having COPD and those with presence of cough and sputum production for at least three months in each of two consecutive years were considered having chronic bronchitis (CB), with no overlapping between these 2 groups. Data on occupational history and VGDF levels in the working area were collected from all participants. In total, 105 cases of COPD and 170 cases of CB were diagnosed in the cohort of examined workers. Occupational exposure to VGDF was twice as often present among COPD patients than among both patients with CB and the control group of healthy workers (p<0.05). More than 40 % of COPD patients were occupationally exposed to VGDF above the value of 3.0 of the occupational exposure limit (OEL) and more than 20 % to 6.0 OEL and higher. Overall odds ratio for COPD development due to occupational VGDF exposure was 5.9 (95 % CI=3.6 to 9.8, p=0.0001). Both smoking and VGDF seem to be important for the development of COPD. Analysis of the combined effect of tobacco smoking and occupational noxious particles and gases on COPD development has shown the following order of risk factors based on the strength of their infl uence: VGDF levels, smoking index, age, and heating microclimate. There is a statistically signifi cant level of relationship and “dose-effect” dependence between occupational exposures to VGDF and the development of COPD. The effect of VGDF composition on the probability of COPD development was not found in the study. Results of this study were used to substantiate the inclusion of COPD into the National List of Occupational Diseases of the Russian Federation.
The Sac1 Domain of SYNJ1 Identified Mutated in a Family with Early‐Onset Progressive Parkinsonism with Generalized Seizures

This study aimed to elucidate the genetic causes underlying early‐onset Parkinsonism (EOP) in a consanguineous Iranian family. To attain this, homozygosity mapping and whole‐exome sequencing were performed. As a result, a homozygous mutation (c.773G>A; p.Arg258Gln) lying within the NH2‐terminal Sac1‐like inositol phosphatase domain of polyphosphoinositide phosphatase synaptojanin 1 (SYNJ1), which has been implicated in the regulation of endocytic traffic at synapses, was identified as the disease‐segregating mutation. This mutation impaired the phosphatase activity of SYNJ1 against its Sac1 domain substrates in vitro. We concluded that the SYNJ1 mutation identified here is responsible for the EOP phenotype seen in our patients probably due to deficiencies in its phosphatase activity and consequent impairment of its synaptic functions. Our finding not only opens new avenues of investigation in the synaptic dysfunction mechanisms associated with Parkinsonism, but also suggests phosphoinositide metabolism as a novel therapeutic target for Parkinsonism.
Are Word Embedding-based Features Useful for Sarcasm Detection?

This paper makes a simple increment to state-of-the-art in sarcasm detection research. Existing approaches are unable to capture subtle forms of context incongruity which lies at the heart of sarcasm. We explore if prior work can be enhanced using semantic similarity/discordance between word embeddings. We augment word embedding-based features to four feature sets reported in the past. We also experiment with four types of word embeddings. We observe an improvement in sarcasm detection, irrespective of the word embedding used or the original feature set to which our features are augmented. For example, this augmentation results in an improvement in F-score of around 4\% for three out of these four feature sets, and a minor degradation in case of the fourth, when Word2Vec embeddings are used. Finally, a comparison of the four embeddings shows that Word2Vec and dependency weight-based features outperform LSA and GloVe, in terms of their benefit to sarcasm detection.
The NeOn Methodology framework: A scenario-based methodology for ontology development

This paper describes a scenario-based methodology called the NeOn Methodology framework. The aim of this framework is to speed up the construction of ontologies and ontology networks by reusing available knowledge resources (ontologies, non-ontological resources and ontology design patterns). The methodology is founded on four pillars: (1) a glossary of processes and activities; (2) a set of nine scenarios for building ontologies and ontology networks; (3) two ontology life-cycle models; and (4) a set of prescriptive methodological guidelines for performing specific processes and activities. The paper also shows how to apply this methodology framework to develop an ontology network within the multimedia domain. Finally, it presents an empirical evaluation of the NeOn Methodology framework.
Ameliorating Effects of Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 on Growth Performance, Antioxidant Functions, and Aflatoxin Residues in Ducks Fed Diets Contaminated with Aflatoxins

Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 isolated from fish gut is very effective in detoxifying aflatoxins in feed and feed ingredients. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effects of B. subtilis ANSB060 on growth performance, body antioxidant functions, and aflatoxin residues in ducks fed moldy maize naturally contaminated with aflatoxins. A total of 1500 18-d-old male Cherry Valley ducks with similar body weight were randomly assigned to five treatments with six replicates of 50 ducks per repeat. The experiment design consisted of five dietary treatments labeled as C0 (basal diet containing 60% normal maize), M0 (basal diet containing 60% moldy maize contaminated with aflatoxins substituted for normal maize), M500, M1000, and M2000 (M0 +500, 1000 or 2000 g/t aflatoxin biodegradation preparation mainly consisted of B. subtilis ANSB060). The results showed that ducks fed 22.44 ± 2.46 μg/kg of AFB1 (M0) exhibited a decreasing tendency in average daily gain (ADG) and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) activity in serum, and T-SOD and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in the liver significantly decreased along with the appearance of AFB1 and AFM1 compared with those in Group C0. The supplementation of B. subtilis ANSB060 into aflatoxin-contaminated diets increased the ADG of ducks (p > 0.05), significantly improved antioxidant enzyme activities, and reduced aflatoxin accumulation in duck liver. In conclusion, Bacillus subtilis ANSB060 in diets showed an ameliorating effect to duck aflatoxicosis and may be a promising feed additive.
The generation of optical emission-line filaments in galaxy clusters

Recent data support the idea that the filaments observed in Ha emission near the centres of some galaxy clusters were shaped by bulk flows within their intracluster medium (ICM). We present numerical simulations of evaporated clump material interacting with impinging winds to investigate this possibility. In each simulation, a clump falls due to gravity while the drag of a wind retards the fall of evaporated material leading to elongation of the tail. However, we find that long filaments can only form if the outflowing wind velocity is sufficiently large, ∼10 8 cm s -1 . Otherwise, the tail material sinks almost as quickly as the cloud. For reasonable values of parameters, the morphological structure of a tail is qualitatively similar to those observed in clusters. Under certain conditions, the kinematics of the tail resemble those reported in Hatch et al. A comparison of the observations with the numerical results indicates that the filaments are likely to be a few tens of Myr old. We also present arguments which suggest that the momentum transfer, from an outflowing wind, in the formation of these filaments is probably significant. As a result, tail formation could play a role in dissipating some of the energy injected by a central active galactic nuclei (AGN) close to the cluster centre where it is needed most. The trapping of energy by the cold gas may provide an additional feedback mechanism that helps to regulate the heating of the central regions of galaxy clusters and couple the AGN to the ICM.
Developmental transcription factor NFIB is a putative target of oncofetal miRNAs and is associated with tumour aggressiveness in lung adenocarcinoma

Genes involved in fetal lung development are thought to play crucial roles in the malignant transformation of adult lung cells. Consequently, the study of lung tumour biology in the context of lung development has the potential to reveal key developmentally relevant genes that play critical roles in lung cancer initiation/progression. Here, we describe for the first time a comprehensive characterization of miRNA expression in human fetal lung tissue, with subsequent identification of 37 miRNAs in non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that recapitulate their fetal expression patterns. Nuclear factor I/B (NFIB), a transcription factor essential for lung development, was identified as a potential frequent target for these ‘oncofetal’ miRNAs. Concordantly, analysis of NFIB expression in multiple NSCLC independent cohorts revealed its recurrent underexpression (in ∼40–70% of tumours). Interrogation of NFIB copy number, methylation, and mutation status revealed that DNA level disruption of this gene is rare, and further supports the notion that oncofetal miRNAs are likely the primary mechanism responsible for NFIB underexpression in NSCLC. Reflecting its functional role in regulating lung differentiation, low expression of NFIB was significantly associated with biologically more aggressive subtypes and, ultimately, poorer survival in lung adenocarcinoma patients. Copyright © 2016 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Respiration of Developing Rose Petals.

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The rich get richer and the poor get poorer: On risk aversion in behavioral decision-making

Some studies have found that choices become more risk averse after gains and more risk seeking after losses, although other studies have found the opposite. The latter tend to use hypothetical cases that encourage deliberation. In the current study, we examined the effects of prior gains and losses on a task designed to encourage less reflective decision making, the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT). Fifty participants conducted a manipulated decision-making task in which one group gained money, whereas the other group lost money, followed by the IGT. Participants who experienced a prior monetary loss displayed more risky choice behavior on the IGT than subjects who experienced a prior gain. These effects were not mediated by a positive or negative affect, although the sample size may have been too small to detect a small effect.
Electronic word of mouth (eWOM) in the movie industry

This developmental paper aims to make use of Big Data, to establish how Electronic Word-of-Mouth or eWOM affects consumer behavior in the movie industry. For the purpose of this study, 134,998 reviews were collected for 1,238 movies. These reviews were taken from the IMDb website for movies shown from 2011 to 2013. To collect the extensive number of eWOM messages used for this paper's dataset, a program utilizing the Python programming language was used to crawl and collect movie reviews and other relevant information. Sentiment Analysis making use of the Semantic Orientation Calculator (SO-CAL) would then be used to calculate the valence of the reviews and compare them to the star ratings given by the reviewers.
Thermo-msf-parser: an open source Java library to parse and visualize Thermo Proteome Discoverer msf files.

The Thermo Proteome Discoverer program integrates both peptide identification and quantification into a single workflow for peptide-centric proteomics. Furthermore, its close integration with Thermo mass spectrometers has made it increasingly popular in the field. Here, we present a Java library to parse the msf files that constitute the output of Proteome Discoverer. The parser is also implemented as a graphical user interface allowing convenient access to the information found in the msf files, and in Rover, a program to analyze and validate quantitative proteomics information. All code, binaries, and documentation is freely available at http://thermo-msf-parser.googlecode. com.
Elevated Peripheral Allergen-Specific T Cell Response Is Crucial for a Positive Atopy Patch Test Reaction

Background: Atopic eczema is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in which several subgroups of cases can be identified. Atopy patch testing (APT) reveals allergen sensitization also in atopic eczema patients devoid of detectable allergen-specific IgE, suggesting the importance of factors other than IgE in the reaction. Here we investigate the relationship between APT reactions and allergen-specific peripheral IgE and T cell reactivity in atopic eczema patients. Methods: Adult patients with atopic eczema (n = 64) and healthy controls (n = 24) were analyzed for reactivity to Malassezia sympodialis extract by APT, measurement of specific plasma IgE and in vitro determination of the frequency of allergen-reactive peripheral blood mononuclear cells producing interleukin-4 and interleukin-5 using the ELISpot method. Results: When combining the results of the APT, IgE measurements and the ELISpot analyses, reactivity to M. sympodialis was found in a majority of the atopic eczema patients (69%), whereas the healthy controls were negative throughout. T cell reactivity to M. sympodialis, manifested by production of both interleukins 4 and 5, was highly predictive for a positive APT reaction and displayed a strongly positive correlation with the APT score. In contrast, the allergen-specific IgE levels did not predict the APT outcome, and no correlation could be found between the IgE levels and the APT score. Conclusion: Peripheral allergen-specific T helper 2 cell-mediated reactivity appears to be required for a positive APT reaction to M. sympodialis. The diagnostic potential of measuring peripheral allergen-specific T cell responses should be considered in atopic eczema.
Accuracy of eye position for saccades and smooth pursuit

In this study, we address the question of whether a target is foveated during smooth pursuit. Specifically, we examine whether smooth pursuit eye movements land near the center-of-mass of the target, as is the case for saccades. To that end, we instructed eight untrained, healthy participants to follow moving targets, presented monocularly in a scanning laser ophthalmoscope. Stimuli moved either in a modified step-ramp (smooth pursuit), or made a single step (saccade), stepping 6° from the center. Targets were ring-shaped and either 0.6° or 1.7° in diameter. In an additional set of experiments, two participants collected more extensive data on smooth pursuit and saccades for a larger range of target sizes (0.6°, 1.7°, or 4.3°). During pursuit, eyes were rarely placed at target center, even when participants' fixational stability was taken into account. Furthermore, there was a clear tendency for distance from target center to increase with target size. This outcome was in contrast to saccades, where there was no effect of target size across participants. The difference in foveal placement between the two types of eye movements is consistent with their different purposes: closer inspection of the target for saccades versus maintenance of the target in the visual field for smooth pursuit.
Identification of FRA1 and FRA2 as Genes Involved in Regulating the Yeast Iron Regulon in Response to Decreased Mitochondrial Iron-Sulfur Cluster Synthesis*

The nature of the connection between mitochondrial Fe-S cluster synthesis and the iron-sensitive transcription factor Aft1 in regulating the expression of the iron transport system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is not known. Using a genetic screen, we identified two novel cytosolic proteins, Fra1 and Fra2, that are part of a complex that interprets the signal derived from mitochondrial Fe-S synthesis. We found that mutations in FRA1 (YLL029W) and FRA2 (YGL220W) led to an increase in transcription of the iron regulon. In cells incubated in high iron medium, deletion of either FRA gene results in the translocation of the low iron-sensing transcription factor Aft1 into the nucleus, where it occupies the FET3 promoter. Deletion of either FRA gene has the same effect on transcription as deletion of both genes and is not additive with activation of the iron regulon due to loss of mitochondrial Fe-S cluster synthesis. These observations suggest that the FRA proteins are in the same signal transduction pathway as Fe-S cluster synthesis. We show that Fra1 and Fra2 interact in the cytosol in an iron-independent fashion. The Fra1-Fra2 complex binds to Grx3 and Grx4, two cytosolic monothiol glutaredoxins, in an iron-independent fashion. These results show that the Fra-Grx complex is an intermediate between the production of mitochondrial Fe-S clusters and transcription of the iron regulon.
VPMS J1342+2840 - an unusual quasar from the variability and proper motion survey

We report the discovery of the highly peculiar, radio-loud quasar VPMS J1342+2840 (z â? 1.3) from the variability and proper motion survey. We present spectroscopic, imaging and photometric observations. The unusual spectrum shows a strong depression of the continuum over a wide wavelength range in the blue part without the typical structures of broad absorption line (BAL) troughs. The image of the quasar is unresolved and there is no evidence for a foreground object on the line of sight. The broad-band spectral energy distribution is not consistent with obvious dust reddening with the standard SMC extinction curve. The downturn of the continuum flux of VPMS J1342+2840 at short wavelengths can be caused by dust reddening only if the reddening curve is steeper then the SMC curve in the ultraviolet and is very flat at longer wavelengths. Alternatively, the dominant spectral features can be explained by low-ionization BALs forming unusually wide, overlapping absorption troughs. Â© ESO 2005.
Characterization of Laser Beam Welded Al0.5CoCrFeNi High-Entropy Alloy

High-entropy alloys (HEA), a new generation alloy system offer superior mechanical properties with solid solution strengthening. AlxCoCrFeNi-HEA is one such system being received more attention because of its specific yield strength and ductility. In the present work, Al0.5CoCrFeNi-HEA was prepared by vacuum arc melting. The laser beam welding (LBW) was carried out on 1mm thick forged and homogenized HEA, with a beam power of 1.5 kW and at a traverse speed of 600 mm/min. The microstructural features of different regions of the weld were studied using scanning electron microscopy. The homogenized Al0.5CoCrFeNi-HEA have shown equiaxed grains of average size 60 μm. The weld metal showed a typical weld fusion zone microstructure with dendritic structure with a reduction in BCC phase due to minimal Al and Ni segregation ratio at interdendrites. Micro-chemical analysis with energy dispersive spectroscopy confirmed that there was no major segregation of elements in the weld fusion zone. The microhardness survey performed across the weld evidenced a reduction in hardness, as a consequence of significant reduction in Al-Ni rich hardening factor.