Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Iyengar yoga for treating symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knees: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVES The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) Guidelines for the medical management of osteoarthritis (OA) emphasize the use of nonpharmacologic interventions including exercise. Implementation of an exercise program can be difficult for patients, and little is known about the benefits of alternative therapies such as yoga. The aim of this pilot study was to assess the feasibility of using yoga in the tradition of B.K. S. Iyengar to treat the symptoms of osteoarthritis of the knee. DESIGN Participants were instructed in modified Iyengar yoga postures during 90-minute classes once weekly for 8 weeks. SUBJECTS Participants met ACR criteria for osteoarthritis of the knee and completed a medical history and physical examination, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale 2 (AIMS2), Patient Global Assessment (GA) by Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Physician GA by VAS, and 50-foot Walk Time before and following an 8-week course of yoga instruction. Eleven (11) subjects enrolled, nine completed at least one session and seven (six of whom were obese) had data from pre- and post-course time points available for analysis. RESULTS Statistically significant reductions in WOMAC Pain, WOMAC Physical Function, and AIMS2 Affect were observed when participants' status were compared to their pre-course status. WOMAC Stiffness, AIMS2 Symptoms, Social and Role, Physician GA, and Patient GA measured trends in improvement of symptoms. No adverse events from treatment were reported. CONCLUSIONS This pilot study suggests that yoga may provide a feasible treatment option for previously yoga-naive, obese patients >50 years of age and offers potential reductions in pain and disability caused by knee OA. Future studies should compare yoga to other nonpharmacologic interventions for knee OA, such as patient education or quadriceps-strengthening exercises.
ADENINE IN RED CELL PRESERVATION.

on whole blood and incubation mixtures were performed at room temperature with a Beckman model G pH meter and standard glass electrodes. was estimated with glucose oxidase lactate with lactic dehydrogenase (41). measured in the bioluminescent reaction with luciferin-lucifer-ase K. Turner fluorometer. The above determinations were performed on duplicate neutral perchloric acid extracts of whole blood or incubation mixtures. ATP was measured on the same day the extracts were prepared.
Caspase 7: increased expression and activation after traumatic brain injury in rats

Caspases, a cysteine proteinase family, are required for the initiation and execution phases of apoptosis. It has been suggested that caspase 7, an apoptosis executioner implicated in cell death proteolysis, is redundant to the main executioner caspase 3 and it is generally believed that it is not present in the brain or present in only minute amounts with highly restricted activity. Here we report evidence that caspase 7 is up‐regulated and activated after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in rats. TBI disrupts homeostasis resulting in pathological apoptotic activation. After controlled cortical impact TBI of adult male rats we observed, by semiquantitative real‐time PCR, increased mRNA levels within the traumatized cortex and hippocampus peaking in the former about 5 days post‐injury and in the latter within 6–24 h of trauma. The activation of caspase 7 protein after TBI, demonstrated by immunoblot by the increase of the active form of caspase 7 peaking 5 days post‐injury in the cortex and hippocampus, was found to be up‐regulated in both neurons and astrocytes by immunohistochemistry. These findings, the first to document the up‐regulation of caspase 7 in the brain after acute brain injury in rats, suggest that caspase 7 activation could contribute to neuronal cell death on a scale not previously recognized.
Distrés en Hijas Adultas que Brindan Apoyo a sus Padres Mayores

The study sought to find empirical evidence of the effect of intergenerational support relationships with older parents on the well-being—operationalized as distress—of daughters aged 45 and older and to determine the moderating factors that can limit the potentially direct association between providing support and distress. Using data from " Family cohesion, intergenerational solidarity and conflict: Impact on the well-being of the older adult" , a survey conducted in 2009, which represents people aged 45 and older in Santiago, Chile, hierarchical linear regression models were calculated with clustered robust standard errors , using a sub-sample of 102 women with at least one living parent. No association was found between distress and providing regular care to one's father or mother; instead, an association was observed between perceived support and well-being. Even though providing support to older parents does not involve additional distress, having fewer siblings—especially having none—is associated with higher levels of emotional distress.
The Structure of Attitude Systems in the General Public: Comparisons of a Structural Equation Model

Philip Converse and other theorists have argued that the public at large does not have meaningful and stable attitudes. Specifically, they have argued that the public's attitudes, as compared to those of the political "elite," show less stability over time and less consistency between issues and are less likely to be based upon an underlying ideological predisposition. These hypotheses have been supported, generally, by computing correlations between attitude questions and comparing them between public and elite samples. The present paper examines all three hypotheses using a structural equation approach. This allows us to: (a) test for a single common underlying ideological construct; (b) separate ideological stability from issuespecific stability; and (c) use unstandardized structural coefficients to make between-sample comparisons. Using panel data from 1972-1974-1976 national surveys, we find that both the highly educated and the uneducated public show evidence of an underlying ideological predisposition, show remarkable stability in their attitudes, and show equal consistency or constraint between different attitude issues.
Reduction of Salmonella Typhimurium on Poultry Skin Utilizing Sodium Metasilicate in Prechill and Postchill Applications

2 Abstract: The comparison of antimicrobial properties of sodium metasilicate (SMS) to conventional chlorine applications in pre and postchill processing of poultry was evaluated. Fresh broiler chicken breast skin was cut aseptically into 5×5 cm portions and treated with either water only (negative control), inoculum+water (positive control, 10 cfu/mL of Salmonella Typhimurium), inoculum +50 ppm chlorine solution, inoculum 7 +2% SMS solution, inoculum +2% SMS solution followed by 50 ppm chlorine solution (prechill), or inoculum +50 ppm chlorine solution followed by 2% SMS solution (postchill) and analyzed after 0 and 24 h storage at 4°C for Salmonella spp. , total plate count and pH. Sodium metasilicate postchill treatment reduced aerobic plate counts at 0 and 24 h by 2.97 and 5.31 logs, respectively and Salmonella spp. counts at 0 and 24 h by 5.82 and 6.47 logs, respectively. The data revealed that SMS was most effective as postchill treatment. This research revealed the possibility of sodium metasilicate being used as an antimicrobial intervention in poultry chill tanks to control Salmonella.
" Les collectivités locales et l'électricité. Territoires, acteurs et enjeux autour du service public local de l'électricité en france ".

Le role des collectivites locales dans l'organisation du service public de l'electricite est un domaine meconnu de l'action publique locale en raison du poids symbolique d'edf. Pourtant, les communes et leurs regroupements syndicaux intercommunaux, qui ont joue un role historique dans l'electrification du territoire national, ont su conserver d'importantes prerogatives en tant qu'autorites concedantes de ce service public. Les syndicats departementaux d'electricite sont devenus des lieux et des outils d'un pouvoir local discret pour les elus qui en ont la charge. L'analyse geopolitique des relations entre les collectivites locales et l'electricite fait apparaitre la diversite des acteurs et la force de leurs representations. Prises dans le double mouvement de la liberalisation des marches de l'energie et de la decentralisation territoriale, les collectivites locales aspirent a renforcer leurs competences. Par ailleurs, la decentralisation s'accompagne d'une montee en puissance des discours sur les politiques energetiques locales et d'un conflit d'echelles et de territoires sur la " bonne " maille pour conduire ces politiques.
Hybrid generative-discriminative classification using posterior divergence

Integrating generative models and discriminative models in a hybrid scheme has shown some success in recognition tasks. In such scheme, generative models are used to derive feature maps for outputting a set of fixed length features that are used by discriminative models to perform classification. In this paper, we present a method, called posterior divergence, to derive feature maps from the log likelihood function implied in the incremental expectation-maximization algorithm. These feature maps evaluate a sample in three complementary measures: (1) how much the sample affects the model; (2) how well the sample fits the model; (3) how uncertain the fit is. We prove that the linear classification error rate using the outputs of the derived feature maps is at least as low as that of plug-in estimation. We present efficient algorithms for computing these feature maps for semi-supervised learning and supervised learning. We evaluate the proposed method on three typical applications, i.e. scene recognition, face and non-face classification and protein sequence analysis, and demonstrate improvements over related methods.
A Review of the Cytomorphology of Epstein-Barr Virus-Associated Malignancies

The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a member of the herpes family of viruses and is very common in humans. EBV is most often associated with infectious mononucleosis. However, it is estimated that 1% of tumors including lymphoproliferative, epithelial and mesenchymal are linked to EBV infection. EBV has a tropism for certain epithelial cells, lymphocytes and myocytes. Like other herpesviruses, EBV has both lytic and latent phases of infection. In the latent form, EBV-encoded genes ensure the survival of the viral genome, allowing it to circumvent the host’s immune surveillance by limited expression of viral proteins and carries with it the risk of neoplastic transformation. Cytologists are likely to encounter EBV-associated malignancies in cytology material but unlike other herpesviruses, EBV does not evoke a viral cytopathic effect. The manifestation of EBV-related tumors is also often variable depending upon the patient’s immune status. Therefore, knowledge of the patient’s EBV status and immune competence (e.g. HIV-infection or transplant-related immunosuppression) combined with the cytomorphology and results of ancillary studies are often all required to make a diagnosis of EBV-associated malignancy. This review discusses the unique cytomorphology and ancillary studies required to diagnose EBV-related neoplasms.
Evaluation of Immunoassays and General Biological Indicator Tests for Field Screening of Bacillus anthracis and Ricin

There is little published data on the performance of biological indicator tests and immunoassays that could be used by first responders to determine if a suspicious powder contains a potential biothreat agent. We evaluated a range of biological indicator tests, including 3 protein tests, 2 ATP tests, 1 DNA test, and 1 FTIR spectroscopy instrument for their ability to screen suspicious powders for Bacillus anthracis (B. anthracis) spores and ricin. We also evaluated 12 immunoassays (mostly lateral flow immunoassays) for their ability to screen for B. anthracis and ricin. We used a cost-effective, statistically based test plan that allows instruments to be evaluated at performance levels ranging from 0.85 to 0.95 lower confidence bound of the probability of detection at confidence levels of 80% to 95%. We also assessed interference with 22 common suspicious powders encountered in the field. The detection reproducibility for the biological indicators was evaluated at 108 B. anthracis spores and 62.5 μg ricin, and the immunoassay detection reproducibility was evaluated at 107 spores/mL (B. anthracis) and 0.1 μg/mL (ricin). Seven out of 12 immunoassays met our most stringent criteria for B. anthracis detection, while 9 out of 12 met our most stringent test criteria for ricin detection. Most of the immunoassays also detected ricin in 3 different crude castor seed preparations. Our testing results varied across products and sample preparations, indicating the importance of reviewing performance data for specific instruments and sample types of interest for the application in order to make informed decisions regarding the selection of biodetection equipment for field use.
Interaction of articaine hydrochloride with prokaryotic membrane lipids

Objective. Local anesthetics are the most commonly used drugs in dentistry, with a wide range of effects, including antimicrobial activity. High antimicrobial effects have recently been reported on oral microbes from articaine hydrochloride, revealed by the minimum inhibitory concentration and minimal bactericidal concentration. Additionally, articaine has recently been used as an alkaline component in endodontic materials with a proposed antibacterial activity. However, the detailed mechanisms of action have not been discussed. Material and Methods. We determined the Langmuir surface pressure/molecular area isotherms of prokaryotic lipid monolayers, as well as the phospholipid phase transitions, by employing differential scanning calorimetry on unilamellar prokaryotic liposomes (bilayers). Results. Articaine hydrochloride was found to interact with the prokaryotic membrane lipids in both monolayers and bilayers. An increase of the phospholipid molecular area of acidic glycerophospholipids as well as a decrease in phase transition temperature and enthalpy were found with increasing articaine hydrochloride concentration. The thermodynamic changes by adding articaine hydrochloride to prokaryotic membrane lipids are potentially related to the effects observed from antimicrobial peptides resulting from membrane insertion, aggregate composition, pore formation, and lysis. Conclusion. Interaction of articaine hydrochloride with prokaryotic membrane lipids is indicated. Hence, further research is necessary to gain insight into where these compounds exert their effects at the molecular level.
Associative intrusions in vocabulary performance of schizophrenic, nonschizophrenic and nonpsychiatric patients

Recently (1973),Rattan and Chapman reported the use of the f i r s t testing instrument capable of separating s p e c i f i c from generalized human performance d e f i c i t s and were able to show the presence of s p e c i f i c assoc i a t i v e i n t rusion d e f i c i t s i n the vocabulary performance of chronic schizophrenics. The Rattan and Chapman Multiple-Choice Vocabulary Test which cons i s t s of subtests with and without associative d i s t r a c t o r s that are matched on discriminating power was administered i n the present study to 84 hospitalized patients who were equally d i s t r i b u t e d into s c h i zophrenic, nonschizophrenic, and nonpsychiatric patient groups. The patients i n these groups were also divided on the basis of length of h o s p i t a l i z a t i o n into longand short term samples. The subjects' vocabulary accuracy was analyzed i n order to ascertain whether a heightened s u s c e p t i b i l i t y toward associative intrusions can be found i n patients other than chronic schizophrenics and whether length of ho s p i t a l i z a t i o n has any effect on the patients' vocabulary performance. The r e s u l t s showed that a l l long-term patients exhibited s i g n i f i c a n t performance d e f i c i t s on the subtest with associative d i s t r a c t o r s compared to th e i r performance on the matched subtest without associative d i s t r a c t o r s . Of the short-term patients, only schizophrenics showed a tendency toward a s i m i l a r s u s c e p t i b i l i t y to associative d i s t r a c t o r s . These r e s u l t s , though supportive of the associative interference theory of schizophrenia, also indicate that t h i s d e f i c i t i s not peculiar to schizophrenia; rather, i t may be related to prolonged i n s t i t u t i o n a l i z a t i o n regardless of psychiatric or nonpsychiatric diagnosis.
Indian Women of Early Colonial Quito as Seen Through Their Testaments

By the turn of the seventeenth century a generation of Andean natives, both Inca and aboriginal, had made lifelong homes within the strongholds of the European invaders. As they entered old age they inhabited an urban landscape whose “Indian” sector had become very diverse. In Quito and other colonial cities some of them dwelled in old pre-hispanic settlements whose closeness to new Hispanic centers had turned them into multiethnic “Indian” ghettos. Quito's Añaquito and Machángara are examples. Many others had settled illegally but permanently inside the Spanish nuclear city, so much so that in the 1580s Spaniards remarked on the growth of a “big shanty town” in its midst. Notarial records show, too, that center city streets housed colonies of “Indian” artisans specializing in European arts like iron working, embroidery, and tailoring. Rich enclaves of Inca and aboriginal nobles lived close to Spanish clerics and officials. Specialist traders delegated by native lords, and native entrepreneurs in the Spanish economy, rented permanent workplaces and dwellings downtown. Finally a large contingent, especially of women, lived as servants or concubines in Spanish houses or had usufruct of separate urban houses. In 1600 there were probably more different ways to be an urban Indian than there are today.
Human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cell proliferation and c-myc protein expression are inhibited by an antisense pentadecadeoxynucleotide targeted against c-myc mRNA.

The human promyelocytic leukemia cell line HL-60 overexpresses the c-myc protooncogene. A calculated secondary structure for c-myc mRNA placed the initiation codon in a bulge of a weakly base-paired region. Treatment of HL-60 cells with 5' d(AACGTTGAGGGGCAT) 3', complementary to the initiation codon and the next four codons of c-myc mRNA, inhibited c-myc protein expression in a dose-dependent manner. However, treatment of HL-60 cells with 5' d(TTGGGATAACACTTA) 3', complementary to nucleotides 17-31 of vesicular stomatitis virus matrix protein mRNA, displayed no such effects. These results agree with analogous studies of normal human T lymphocytes [Heikkila, R. , Schwab, G. , Wickstrom, E. , Loke, S. L. , Pluznik, D. H. , Watt, R. & Neckers, L. M. (1987) Nature (London) 328, 445-449], except that only one-third as much oligomer was needed for a comparable effect. Proliferation of HL-60 cells in culture was inhibited in a sequence-specific, dose-dependent manner by the c-myc-complementary oligomer, but neither the oligomer complementary to vesicular stomatitis virus matrix protein mRNA nor 5' d(CATTTCTTGCTCTCC) 3', complementary to nucleotides 5399-5413 of human immunodeficiency virus tat gene mRNA, inhibited proliferation. It thus appears that antisense oligodeoxynucleotides added to myc-transformed cells via culture medium are capable of eliciting sequence-specific, dose-dependent inhibition of c-myc protein expression and cell proliferation.
The Complexity of Computing a Cardinality Repair for Functional Dependencies

For a relation that violates a set of functional dependencies, we consider the task of finding a maximum number of pairwise-consistent tuples, or what is known as a "cardinality repair. " We present a polynomial-time algorithm that, for certain fixed relation schemas (with functional dependencies), computes a cardinality repair. Moreover, we prove that on any of the schemas not covered by the algorithm, finding a cardinality repair is, in fact, an NP-hard problem. In particular, we establish a dichotomy in the complexity of computing a cardinality repair, and we present an efficient algorithm to determine whether a given schema belongs to the positive side or the negative side of the dichotomy.
Random Walks and Organizational Mortality

I wish to thank Glenn Carroll, John Freeman, Steve Mezias, Marshall Meyer, David Schmittlein, and three anonymous referees for their comments on a prior draft, Arieh Epstein for his contributions as a research assistant, and Mark Fichman for many provocative discussions. A simple model is developed here that relates organizational age and mortality rates. The critical insight of the analysis is that surviving organizations will tend to be organizations that were, in prior periods, successful, and this prior success, in turn, will buffer them from subsequent selection pressures. The model is then tested using data on the Argentinian and Irish newspaper industries. Further empirical analysis examines the degree of heterogeneity in these two populations of organizations, and a subsequent parametric analysis provides some insight as to the sources of this heterogeneity. '
Impact of superficial similarity in the application phase of analogical problem solving

Two groups ( n = 28, 30) of subjects solved a target problem after having learned either a superficially similar or a superficially dissimilar source. Structural similarity was kept constant. The problem materials were semantically rich short stories. Under both conditions, an equal number of subjects solved the target problem. However, the similar source group produced more carefully elaborated solutions, shorter problem-solving protocols containing more references to the source and less to the target, and a different amount and kind of mapping statements than the dissimilar source group. Only adaptation performance did not differ. Results support the existence of surface similarity impacts in the analogy application phase. Relationships to findings from the domain of mathematical analogies as well as theoretical implications are discussed.
Signalling complexes and clusters: functional advantages and methodological hurdles

Signalling molecules integrate, codify and transport information in cells. Organisation of these molecules in complexes and clusters improves the efficiency, fidelity and robustness of cellular signalling. Here, we summarise current views on how signalling molecules assemble into macromolecular complexes and clusters and how they use their physical properties to transduce environmental information into a variety of cellular processes. In addition, we discuss recent innovations in live-cell imaging at the sub-micrometer scale and the challenges of object (particle) tracking, both of which help us to observe signalling complexes and clusters and to examine their dynamic character.
Automatic measurement of intima media thickness with preselection of the most suitable places

This paper describes a novel method for a robust segmentation of layers situated on the far wall of the common carotid artery. Thickness of innermost two layers, called intima-media thickness (IMT), is highly important marker predicting a risk of cardiovascular events. The novelty of the proposed methods resides in an automatic initial determination of suitable places along the artery, where the layers are the most visible and easy to segment. Then, the IMT is measured only in these places and not along whole artery as is performed in almost all state of the art methods. This enables to measure the IMT even in images where the layers are visible only in a part of image. This is one of the main benefits of the proposed method as well as its low computational burdens and low demands on precision of its initialization.