Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The mass of the neutron star in SMC X-1

We present new optical spectroscopy of the eclipsing binary pulsar Sk 160/SMC X-1. From the He I absorption lines, taking heating corrections into account, we determine the radial velocity semi-amplitude of Sk 160 to be 21.8 ± 1.8 kms -1 . Assuming Sk 160 fills its Roche-lobe. the inclination angle of the system is i = 65.3° ± 1.3° and in this case we obtain upper limits for the mass of the neutron star as M x = 1.21 ± 0.10 M ○. and for Sk 160 as M o = 16.6 ± 0.4 M ○. However if we assume that the inclination angle is i = 90°, then the ratio of the radius of Sk 160 to the radius of its Roche-lobe is β = 0.79 ± 0.02, and the lower limits for the masses of the two stars are M x = 0.91 ± 0.08 M ○. and M o = 12.5 ± 0.1 M ○. We also show that the He II 4686 A emission line tracks the motion of the neutron star, but with a radial velocity amplitude somewhat less than that of the neutron star itself. We suggest that this emission may arise from a hotspot where material accreting via Roche lobe overflow impacts the outer edge of an accretion disc.
Urinary Perchlorate and Thyroid Hormone Levels in Adolescent and Adult Men and Women Living in the United States

Background Perchlorate is commonly found in the environment and known to inhibit thyroid function at high doses. Assessing the potential effect of low-level exposure to perchlorate on thyroid function is an area of ongoing research. Objectives We evaluated the potential relationship between urinary levels of perchlorate and serum levels of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) and total thyroxine (T4) in 2,299 men and women, ≥ 12 years of age, participating in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) during 2001–2002. Methods We used multiple regression models of T4 and TSH that included perchlorate and covariates known to be or likely to be associated with T4 or TSH levels: age, race/ethnicity, body mass index, estrogen use, menopausal status, pregnancy status, premenarche status, serum C-reactive protein, serum albumin, serum cotinine, hours of fasting, urinary thiocyanate, urinary nitrate, and selected medication groups. Results Perchlorate was not a significant predictor of T4 or TSH levels in men. For women overall, perchlorate was a significant predictor of both T4 and TSH. For women with urinary iodine < 100 μg/L, perchlorate was a significant negative predictor of T4 (p < 0.0001) and a positive predictor of TSH (p = 0.001). For women with urinary iodine ≥ 100 μg/L, perchlorate was a significant positive predictor of TSH (p = 0.025) but not T4 (p = 0.550). Conclusions These associations of perchlorate with T4 and TSH are coherent in direction and independent of other variables known to affect thyroid function, but are present at perchlorate exposure levels that were unanticipated based on previous studies.
Are Hunters of the Function Curriculum Seeking Quarks or Snarks

In this paper the author examines various levels of curriculum (explicit, covert, null, hidden, and functional) as they may be found in any undergraduate teacher education program. Examples are first given from a model of these curriculum levels applied to teaching physical education. The principal section of the paper focuses on what those levels look like when applied to teacher education, with particular emphasis on the total impact of all curriculum levels acting together as the “real” or functional curriculum which actually works to produce what students learn about teaching physical education.
The Psychology of Political-Territorial Identification

A superordinate identity—getting people to see themselves as a common ‘we’ as opposed to ‘us versus them’—has long been championed for improving intergroup relations and increasing political legitimacy. Yet as unification efforts worldwide attest, constructing a collective ‘we-feeling’ is no small task. Knowing how strongly individuals prefer the familiar, and that humans are cognitively biased against internalizing information that conflicts with what they know and love, why would anyone identify with the superordinate group in the first place? In this introduction, I expand on this puzzle, argue that personality may hold the answer, and discuss why the European context offers a fruitful test of my expectations. I then outline how the dissertation proceeds and highlight the most important findings from each subsequent chapter.
Nonresponse Bias for Univariate and Multivariate Estimates of Social Activities and Roles

Abstract Nonresponse bias is a fundamental concern for survey researchers, as understanding when and to what extent it occurs is critical to producing accurate statistics. According to the social integration hypothesis, individuals who participate in a broad range of social activities and roles should be more likely to respond to surveys (Goyder 1987; Groves and Couper 1998). As a result, prevalence estimates of social activities and roles should be upwardly biased. By contrast, models predicting these activities and roles may be unbiased if the nonrespondents are missing at random, as the results of Abraham, Helms, and Presser 2009 suggest. Using the rich frame information available on the American Time Use Survey (ATUS) and the Survey of Health, Ageing, and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) Wave II, we compare the full sample to the respondent sample on 30 different social roles and activities. The results suggest that nonresponse bias was widespread and often large on univariate estimates, but was usually small in multivariate models and typically did not alter the inferences drawn from such models.
Knowledge, experience and the circus: academic perspectives on the processes of communicating the environmental and health impacts of electric vehicles

ABSTRACT The translation of research findings into public realms has important implications for alternative technologies, such as electric vehicles (EVs). Much existing science communication research focuses on the agency of different publics in processes of scientific knowledge uptake. This study uses research related to the environmental and health impacts of EVs as a case study to explore how the individual agency of academic researchers can influence communication. Challenges to communication and opportunities to enhance the agency of researchers to engage in public dialogue are identified, with a focus on academics at different stages of their careers. This paper proposes a new way of understanding how these individualised nuances impact the communication of a particular researcher’s findings. These nuances are built through the researcher’s agency; a construct of their past experiences, professional and personal relationships with other actors and previous practices of communicating to publics. Communication models have previously concentrated on the heterogeneity of other actors and publics with the huge assumption that academics work consistently, homogenously, in a neutral way to the benefit of society. EVs were chosen as an appropriate case study as they are a contemporary technology that relies on the communication of knowledge and the public understanding of this knowledge to cater for future needs. The responses elicited from the interviews highlight the individual geographies of knowledge. Hence, a reflexive understanding of their role as an individual can provide valuable insights into how a researcher may distribute knowledges more effectively in their geographies to publics
Examining the Relationship between word Learning, Nonword Repetition, and Immediate Serial Recall in Adults

Two experiments examined whether the association between word-learning, nonword repetition, and immediate serial recall observed in children also exists in normal adults. The experiments also introduce a novel paradigm for studying word-learning. Experiment 1 studied the performance of 52 adults in nonword repetition, immediate serial recall, and word-learning tasks, examining the correlation between these measures. The results indicate that the developmental relationships between all three abilities also exist in adults. Experiment 2 investigated the robustness of these results using different stimuli and a variant of the word-learning task, and it also examined performance in a visuospatial span task, to test an alternative account of the results of Experiment 1; the results from 58 adults provide further evidence that the developmental association between word-learning, nonword repetition, and immediate serial recall extends into adulthood. The theoretical implications of these findings are discussed in terms of alternative models of the relationship between these abilities.
Belief in a Just World and Attitudes Toward Affirmative Action

The effect of identity, as socially constructed by race and gender, on social policies has been widely examined in policy analysis. Policy analysis would be improved by a wider discussion that includes the influence of social-psychological constructs on social provision. We fill this gap by drawing on the theory of the “belief in a just world” (Lerner 1980) and link this theory to attitudes toward the support of controversial government programs. We argue that this theory is a critical antecedent to the previous research on social construction (Schneider and Ingram 1993). We hypothesize that citizens who perceive that the world is just and that opportunities are equal between groups are much less likely to favor government interventions altering market outcomes. We find that after controlling for race, sex, and political ideology, respondents who believe that luck is the primary determinant of success (low belief in a just world) are more supportive of preferential hiring programs for African Americans and women.
UTILIZING CORRECT PRIOR PROBABILITY CALCULATION TO IMPROVE PERFORMANCE OF LOW-DENSITY PARITY-CHECK CODES IN THE PRESENCE OF BURST NOISE

Low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes provide excellent error correction performance and can approach the channel capacity, but their performance degrades significantly in the presence of burst noise. Bursts of errors occur in many common channels, including the magnetic recording and the wireless communications channels. Strategies such as interleaving have been developed to help compensate for bursts errors. These techniques do not exploit the correlations that can exist between the noise variance on observations in and out of the bursts. These differences can be exploited in calculations of prior probabilities to improve accuracy of soft information that is sent to the LDPC decoder. Effects of using different noise variances in the calculation of prior probabilities are investigated. Using the true variance of each observation improves performance. A novel burst detector utilizing the forward/backward algorithm is developed to determine the state of each observation, allowing the correct variance to be selected for each. Comparisons between this approach and existing techniques demonstrate improved performance. The approach is generalized and potential future research is discussed.
Cardiovascular effects of Zumba® performed in a virtual environment using XBOX Kinect

[Purpose] This study evaluated the acute cardiovascular responses during a session of Zumba® Fitness in a virtual reality environment. [Subjects] Eighteen healthy volunteers were recruited. [Methods] The following cardiovascular variables: heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and double product were assessed before and after the practice of virtual Zumba®, which was performed as a continuous sequence of five choreographed movements lasting for 22 min. The game Zumba Fitness Core®, with the Kinect-based virtual reality system for the XBOX 360, was used to create the virtual environment. Comparisons were made among mean delta values (delta=post-Zumba® minus pre-Zumba® values) for systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate, and double product using Student’s t-test for paired samples. [Results] After a single session, a significant increase was noted in all the analyzed parameters (Systolic blood pressure=18%; Diastolic blood pressure=13%; Heart rate=67%; and Double product=97%). [Conclusion] The results support the feasibility of the use of Zumba Fitness Core® with the Kinect-based virtual reality system for the XBOX 360 in physical activity programs and further favor its indication for this purpose.
A Talon Cusp on Fused Teeth Associated with Hypodontia: Report of a Unique Case

Fusion and talon cusps are rare developmental dental anomalies affecting both primary and permanent dentitions. Talon cusps normally occur on the palatal surface of permanent maxillary incisors, while fused teeth are more common in the primary anterior dentition. An understanding of these dental anomalies and their associated problems are important to provide prophylactic measures, thereby preventing or minimizing possible complications. This paper presents a unique case of fused mandibular permanent incisors with a lingual talon cusp associated with hypodontia of an adjacent tooth.
Collectin CL-LK Is a Novel Soluble Pattern Recognition Receptor for Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Understanding the molecular components of immune recognition of the tuberculosis (TB) bacillus, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, can help designing novel strategies to combat TB. Here, we identify collectin CL-LK as a novel soluble C-type lectin able to bind M. tuberculosis, and characterize mycobacterial mannose-capped lipoarabinomannan as a primary ligand for CL-LK. Mice deficient in CL-K1, one of the CL-LK subunits, do not display altered susceptibility to M. tuberculosis. However, we found that the amount of CL-LK in the serum of patients with active TB is reduced, compared to that in controls, and correlates inversely to the magnitude of the immune response to the pathogen. These findings indicate that CL-LK might be of interest for future diagnostic and treatment monitoring purposes.
Cohomology of quiver moduli, functional equations, and integrality of Donaldson–Thomas type invariants

Abstract A system of functional equations relating the Euler characteristics of moduli spaces of stable representations of quivers and the Euler characteristics of (Hilbert-scheme-type) framed versions of quiver moduli is derived. This is applied to wall-crossing formulas for the Donaldson–Thomas type invariants of M. Kontsevich and Y. Soibelman, in particular confirming their integrality.
Management Issues for Adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis

The healthy adolescent will encounter major changes in biological and psychosocial domains. The adolescent period can be greatly affected by a chronic illness. Cystic fibrosis is a terminal illness that can significantly affect an adolescent's biological, mental and psychosocial health. This paper discusses general issues to consider when managing an adolescent with a chronic medical condition, and specifically how cystic fibrosis may impact upon puberty, body image, risk-taking behaviours, mental health, independence, nonadherence, reproductive health, transition, lung transplantation, and end of life care.
Work-Value Profile and Career Success

ix Chapter One – Introduction 1 Career Success 5 Antecedents of Career Success 9 Work Values 10 Career Outcomes 14 Synthesis of Literature 18 Structure of Present Study 20 Hypotheses and Research Questions 21 Supplementary Hypotheses and Research Questions 26 Chapter Two – Method 28 Archival Dataset 28 Sample for Present Study 30 Measures 31 Antecedent and work values 31 Gender 31 Work values 32 Career variables 35 Practice setting 35 Salary 35 Current position 35 Supervisory authority 37 Career satisfaction 37 Job satisfaction 38 WLB satisfaction 38 Control variables 39 Race 39 Marital status 39 UGPA 39 LOC 40
Differential Responses of Dinitrogen Fixation, Diazotrophic Cyanobacteria and Ammonia Oxidation Reveal a Potential Warming-Induced Imbalance of the N-Cycle in Biological Soil Crusts

N2 fixation and ammonia oxidation (AO) are the two most important processes in the nitrogen (N) cycle of biological soil crusts (BSCs). We studied the short-term response of acetylene reduction assay (ARA) rates, an indicator of potential N2 fixation, and AO rates to temperature (T, -5°C to 35°C) in BSC of different successional stages along the BSC ecological succession and geographic origin (hot Chihuahuan and cooler Great Basin deserts). ARA in all BSCs increased with T until saturation occurred between 15 and 20°C, and declined at 30–35°C. Culture studies using cyanobacteria isolated from these crusts indicated that the saturating effect was traceable to their inability to grow well diazotrophically within the high temperature range. Below saturation, temperature response was exponential, with Q10 significantly different in the two areas (~ 5 for Great Basin BSCs; 2–3 for Chihuahuan BSCs), but similar between the two successional stages. However, in contrast to ARA, AO showed a steady increase to 30–35°C in Great Basin, and Chihuhuan BSCs showed no inhibition at any tested temperature. The T response of AO also differed significantly between Great Basin (Q10 of 4.5–4.8) and Chihuahuan (Q10 of 2.4–2.6) BSCs, but not between successional stages. Response of ARA rates to T did not differ from that of AO in either desert. Thus, while both processes scaled to T in unison until 20°C, they separated to an increasing degree at higher temperature. As future warming is likely to occur in the regions where BSCs are often the dominant living cover, this predicted decoupling is expected to result in higher proportion of nitrates in soil relative to ammonium. As nitrate is more easily lost as leachate or to be reduced to gaseous forms, this could mean a depletion of soil N over large landscapes globally.
Discovery of Specific Metastasis-Related N-Glycan Alterations in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Based on Quantitative Glycomics

Generally, most of ovarian cancer cannot be detected until large scale and remote metastasis occurs, which is the major cause of high mortality in ovarian cancer. Therefore, it is urgent to discover metastasis-related biomarkers for the detection of ovarian cancer in its occult metastasis stage. Altered glycosylation is a universal feature of malignancy and certain types of glycan structures are well-known markers for tumor progressions. Thus, this study aimed to reveal specific changes of N-glycans in the secretome of the metastatic ovarian cancer. We employed a quantitative glycomics approach based on metabolic stable isotope labeling to compare the differential N-glycosylation of secretome between an ovarian cancer cell line SKOV3 and its high metastatic derivative SKOV3-ip. Intriguingly, among total 17 N-glycans identified, the N-glycans with bisecting GlcNAc were all significantly decreased in SKOV3-ip in comparison to SKOV3. This alteration in bisecting GlcNAc glycoforms as well as its corresponding association with ovarian cancer metastatic behavior was further validated at the glycotransferase level with multiple techniques including real-time PCR, western blotting, transwell assay, lectin blotting and immunohistochemistry analysis. This study illustrated metastasis-related N-glycan alterations in ovarian cancer secretome in vitro for the first time, which is a valuable source for biomarker discovery as well. Moreover, N-glycans with bisecting GlcNAc shed light on the detection of ovarian cancer in early peritoneal metastasis stage which may accordingly improve the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients.
An Investigation Into Factors That Affect Adoption and Diffusion of Innovations in Publishing and Librarianship: A Grounded Theory Approach

Getting innovations adopted is often difficult. Not because they lack obvious advantages, but because of the complex nature of the adoption and diffusion process. If everyone included in their strategy, the six elements of the ‘innovation diffusion mix’ identified in this study, adoption and diffusion would be much easier. Parvenir a adopter des changements est souvent difficile. Non pas que ceux-ci sont desavantageux, mais plutot a cause de la nature complexe des procedures d’adoption et de diffusion. Si chacun pouvait inclure dans sa strategie, les six elements de « l’ensemble de diffusion de changements » identifies dans cette etude, l’adoption et la diffusion seraient beaucoup plus facile a realiser.
The Central Engines of Narrow-Line Seyfert 1 Galaxies

It has been suggested that narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxies (NLS1s) are evolutionarily young objects, powered by accretion onto central black holes that are significantly lower in mass than those found in typical broad-line Seyfert galaxies. We explore this hypothesis through the analysis of high spatial resolution, near-IR imaging data. By employing the correlation between black hole mass and host galaxy bulge luminosity, we determine the mean black hole mass for our sample to be, in solar units, ⟨log(MBH)⟩ = 7.9. Using the correlation between the size of the broad-line region and the monochromatic continuum luminosity, we obtain black hole mass estimates under the assumption that the emission-line gas is in virial equilibrium. The mean black hole mass derived from this relation is ⟨log(MBH)⟩ = 6.4. We explore possible causes for this discrepancy in MBH estimates and the ramifications for our understanding of the role played by NLS1s in AGN evolution. Because numerical simulations constrain the start of the AGN duty cycle to a time shortly after a gravitational interaction, we examine the morphology and near-IR bulge colors of the NLS1 sample for evidence of recent encounters. The mean bulge color is found to be redder than that of both a matched sample of nonactive galaxies and published estimates for broad-line Seyfert galaxies. The source of the unusual bulge colors may be an excess of flux, peaking at 2.2 μm, that has been detected near the centers of some NLS1s. No evidence is found for light asymmetries or an extra stellar component that would indicate NLS1s are young objects. Finally, we postulate that there may be some interesting lines of circumstantial evidence suggesting that secular processes may be relevant in NLS1s.
Social identity: The role of self in group processes and intergroup relations

Applications and conceptual developments made in social identity research since the mid-1990s are summarized under eight general headings: types of self and identity, prototype-based differentiation, influence through leadership, social identity motivations, intergroup emotions, intergroup conflict and social harmony, collective behavior and social protest, and resolving social dilemmas. Cautious prognoses for future directions are then suggested—health, e-behavior, population relocation and immigration, culture, language and intergroup communication, societal extremism and populism, social development, and inclusive and diverse social identities.
Independence Relations in Probabilistic Logic ( Extended Abstract )

In “standard” probability theory, one lists all events that are logically possible, and then places a normalized measure over them. This scheme is rather dry. It may happ en that the list of possible events is encoded through logical sentences, and one must employ logical reas oning to determine which events are included in probabilistic assessments. It may also happen that probabi listic assessments are intervalor set-valued. By following these steps we obtain the typical framework of pro babilistic logics, where inferences may be either consistent (and then they may be interval-/set-valued ) or inconsistent [3, 4, 12, 10]. Despite this level of flexibility, most probabilistic logics are less general tha n “standard” probability theory in one aspect: while the latter devotes meticulous attention to the concept of (c onditional) independence, the former pays little tribute to that concept. It is only in very general first-orde r logics that one finds definitions of independence [2], and even there the concept of independence is not discus sed in any detail.