Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bladder Smooth Muscle Cells Interaction and Proliferation on PCL/PLLA Electrospun Nanofibrous Scaffold

Purpose Numerous synthetic materials have been used for the bladder reconstruction; of which, nano-structured scaffolds are used as relevant implant to the bladder tissue-engineering. The aim of this study was to investigate the capacity of Poly ∊-caprolactone/poly-L-lactide acid (PCL/PLLA) nanofibrous scaffold, in supporting the maintenance and attachment of the human bladder smooth muscle cells (BdSMCs). Methods In this study, BdSMCs were isolated by enzymatic digestion method. Then, cells were seeded on PCL/PLLA nanofibrous scaffolds. Thereafter, cell attachment and expansion were analyzed by Hematoxylin and Eosin staining (H&E), immunohistochemistry, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay confirmed that the nanostructured scaffold supported and maintained normal cell viability without inducing cytotoxic events. Results H&E staining, immunohistochemistry, and SEM showed that BdSMCs were attached and expanded on PCL/PLLA nanofibrous scaffolds after 14 days. Cell viability of BdSMCs on PCL/PLLA nanofibrous scaffolds increased during 14 days. Conclusion Our results showed that the novel porous nanofibrous electrospun scaffold is a biocompatible structure for attachment and adhesion of BdSMCs. However, there is not enough information on the stimulating effect of this nanofiber on the cells. Therefore, further in-vivo studies seem required to confirm such a nanofiber to be used in the bladder tissue-engineering.
Relationship between Proverb Familiarity and Proverb Interpretation: Implications for Clinical Practice

This study examined whether performance on measures of proverb interpretation is influenced by examinees' familiarity with the proverbs to be interpreted. Subjects used a seven-point Likert scale to indicate the extent to which they were familiar with the 12 proverbs included in a standardized proverbs test. The resulting scores were correlated with the scores the subjects obtained when they interpreted the proverbs. The sample included 103 college students. The results indicated that a proverb familiarity-interpretation relationship did emerge for five (or 40%) of the proverbs. Also, subjects' average familiarity score for those five proverbs was higher than their average familiarity score for the other (seven) proverbs. The findings are discussed in terms of their implications for clinical practice and suggestions are made regarding ways to offset the influence of proverb familiarity on proverb interpretation.
Examining costs of induced and constitutive immune investment in Tenebrio molitor

Central to the conceptual basis of ecological immunity is the notion that immune effector systems are costly to produce, run, and/or maintain. Using the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor, as a model we investigated two aspects of the costs of innate immunity. We conducted an experiment designed to identify the cost of an induced immune response, and the cost of constitutive investment in immunity, as well as potential interactions. The immune traits under consideration were the encapsulation response and prophylactic cuticular melanization, which are mechanistically linked by the melanin‐producing phenoloxidase cascade. If immunity is costly, we predicted reduced longevity and/or fecundity as a consequence of investment in either immune trait. We found a measurable longevity cost associated with producing an inducible immune response (encapsulation). In contrast to other studies, this cost was expressed under ad libitum feeding conditions. We found no measurable costs for constitutive investment in immunity (prophylactic investment in cuticular colour).
How Dual-Identity Processes Foster Creativity

We propose a theoretical model explaining when and why possessing 2 inconsistent social identities can foster superior creativity. The framework describes how during cultural adaptation individuals (a) alternate their identities across contexts, (b) integrate elements of their distinct (i.e., remote and uncorrelated) identities, and, having formed cognitive and emotional links with the new group, (c) broaden their self-definition. We explain how these processes of cultural adaptation map onto 3 fundamental creative processes: (a) an ability to quickly and effortlessly switch between cognitive strategies and semantic categories, (b) an apparent ease in integrating distant and conflicting ideas, and finally, (c) the widening of one's creative idea base. Our model explains how the challenges involved in managing complex self-definitions enhance creativity, and increase potential for novel problem solutions. Understanding this dynamic brings a new perspective to debates on the value of diversity.
Burnout Among U.S. Medical Students, Residents, and Early Career Physicians Relative to the General U.S. Population

Purpose To compare the prevalence of burnout and other forms of distress across career stages and the experiences of trainees and early career (EC) physicians versus those of similarly aged college graduates pursuing other careers. Method In 2011 and 2012, the authors conducted a national survey of medical students, residents/fellows, and EC physicians (⩽ 5 years in practice) and of a probability-based sample of the general U.S. population. All surveys assessed burnout, symptoms of depression and suicidal ideation, quality of life, and fatigue. Results Response rates were 35.2% (4,402/12,500) for medical students, 22.5% (1,701/7,560) for residents/fellows, and 26.7% (7,288/27,276) for EC physicians. In multivariate models that controlled for relationship status, sex, age, and career stage, being a resident/fellow was associated with increased odds of burnout and being a medical student with increased odds of depressive symptoms, whereas EC physicians had the lowest odds of high fatigue. Compared with the population control samples, medical students, residents/fellows, and EC physicians were more likely to be burned out (all P < .0001). Medical students and residents/fellows were more likely to exhibit symptoms of depression than the population control samples (both P < .0001) but not more likely to have experienced recent suicidal ideation. Conclusions Training appears to be the peak time for distress among physicians, but differences in the prevalence of burnout, depressive symptoms, and recent suicidal ideation are relatively small. At each stage, burnout is more prevalent among physicians than among their peers in the U.S. population.
MODEL EVALUASI INTERNAL KOMPETENSI GURU BAHASA INGGRIS (MODEL_EIKGBI) SMA

Studi ini bertujuan untuk: (1) mengembangkan model evaluasi kompetensi guru bahasa Inggris SMA yang dapat digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi kelebihan dan kekurangan guru dalam proses pemelajaran dan (2) mengetahui efektivitas implementasi evaluasi internal kompetensi guru bahasa Inggris SMA. Studi ini menggunakan metode penelitian dan pengembangan yang dikembangkan oleh Borg & Gall (1983, p.775). Subjek penelitian berjumlah 17 guru yang berasal dari 7 SMA di Sulawesi Selatan. Konstruk instrumen terdiri atas instrumen untuk mengevaluasi kompetensi guru bahasa Inggris dalam merencanakan pemelajaran, instrumen untuk mengevaluasi kompetensi guru dalam melaksanaan proses pemelajaran, dan instrumen untuk mengevaluai kompetensi guru dalam mengevaluasi hasil proses pemelajaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa instrumen yang dikembangkan dapat digunakan untuk mengevaluasi kompetensi guru bahasa Inggris. Untuk mengetahui sejauh mana tingkat efektivitas Model Evaluasi Internal Kompetensi Guru Bahasa Inggris SMA, model ini kemudian dievaluasi oleh teman sejawat guru bahasa Inggris dan guru bahasa Inggris itu sendiri. Mereka menyimpulkan bahwa komponen dari model tersebut adalah komprehensip, praktis, ekonomis, dan telah didukung oleh instrumen yang valid dan reliabel. Kata kunci: evaluasi internal, model evaluasi, kompetensi guru INTERNAL EVALUATION MODEL OF ENGLISH TEACHERS’ COMPETENCY (IEMET) FOR SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL Abstract High School that can be used to identify the teacher’s strengths and weaknesses in learning and teaching processes and (2) find out the implementation effectiveness of the Internal Evaluation Model of English Teachers’ Competency for Senior High School. This study used research & development methods by following the pattern of phases developed by Borg & Gall (1983, p.775). The subjects of this study were seventeen English teachers from seven Senior High Schools in South Sulawesi. The constructs of instruments consist of the instrument to evaluate English teachers’ competency in planning the materials, teachers’ competency in teaching and learning processes, and teachers’ competency in evaluating the result of teaching and learning processes. An Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA)was used to analyze he instrument. The result showed the score of KMO- MSA ( Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Measure of Sampling Adequacy ) > 0.5, Bartlett’s Test of Sphericity ≤ 0.05, and the score of items total correlation r it 0.70. This result shows the instruments have fulfilled the requirement to evaluate the English teacher’s competency. In order to know to what extent the effectiveness of the Internal Evaluation Model of English teachers’ competency for Senior High School, the model was then evaluated by peer and the English teacher itself. They concluded that the components of the model were comprehensive, practical, economical, and were supported by instruments that valid and reliable. Keywords : internal evaluation, evaluation model, teachers’ competency
Biometric authentication on iPhone and Android: Usability, perceptions, and influences on adoption

While biometrics have long been promoted as the future of authentication, the recent introduction of Android face unlock and iPhone fingerprint unlock are among the first large-scale deployments of biometrics for consumers. In a 10participant, within-subjects lab study and a 198-participant online survey, we investigated the usability of these schemes, along with users’ experiences, attitudes, and adoption decisions. Participants in our lab study found both face unlock and fingerprint unlock easy to use in typical scenarios. The notable exception was that face unlock was completely unusable in a dark room. Most participants preferred fingerprint unlock over face unlock or a PIN. In our survey, most fingerprint unlock users perceived it as more secure and convenient than a PIN. In contrast, face unlock users had mixed experiences, and many had stopped using it. We conclude with design recommendations for biometric authentication on smartphones.
The importance of honor concerns across eight countries

Honor concerns are considered an important part of one’s self-image, and strongly associated to cultural values. However, there is a lack of research studies that explore these concerns in more than two cultural communities. Across eight countries (Brazil, Israel, Japan, Macedonia, New Zealand, Spain, United Kingdom, and United States), participants (total N = 1098) answered the Honor Scale and the Community, Autonomy, and Divinity Scale. Individualistic cultures, such as the USA, were predominantly concerned with integrity honor, while Israel, Macedonia, and Japan (i.e., honor cultures) rated family honor closer to integrity in importance. Subscales measuring masculine and feminine honor showed gender differences, but not in all cultures; “masculine” honor items were often endorsed by both men and women alike. Regarding honor associations to moral codes, family concerns were closely related to community, integrity concerns were related to autonomy, and feminine concerns were related to divinity.
Selective Toxicity of the Anthelmintic Emodepside Revealed by Heterologous Expression of Human KCNMA1 in Caenorhabditis elegans

Emodepside is a resistance-breaking anthelmintic of a new chemical class, the cyclooctadepsipeptides. A major determinant of its anthelmintic effect is the calcium-activated potassium channel SLO-1. SLO-1 belongs to a family of channels that are highly conserved across the animal phyla and regulate neurosecretion, hormone release, muscle contraction, and neuronal network excitability. To investigate the selective toxicity of emodepside, we performed transgenic experiments in which the nematode SLO-1 channel was swapped for a mammalian ortholog, human KCNMA1. Expression of either the human channel or Caenorhabditis elegans slo-1 from the native slo-1 promoter in a C. elegans slo-1 functional null mutant rescued behavioral deficits that otherwise resulted from loss of slo-1 signaling. However, worms expressing the human channel were 10- to 100-fold less sensitive to emodepside than those expressing the nematode channel. Strains expressing the human KCNMA1 channel were preferentially sensitive to the mammalian channel agonists NS1619 and rottlerin. In the C. elegans pharyngeal nervous system, slo-1 is expressed in neurons, not muscle, and cell-specific rescue experiments have previously shown that emodepside inhibits serotonin-stimulated feeding by interfering with SLO-1 signaling in the nervous system. Here we show that ectopic overexpression of slo-1 in pharyngeal muscle confers sensitivity of the muscle to emodepside, consistent with a direct interaction of emodepside with the channel. Taken together, these data predict an emodepside-selective pharmacophore harbored by SLO-1. This has implications for the development of this drug/target interface for the treatment of helminth infections.
MPTP delta, a putative murine homolog of HPTP delta, is expressed in specialized regions of the brain and in the B-cell lineage

Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs), together with protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), are involved in the regulation of cell activation, growth, and differentiation. To further elucidate the fine tuning of cell growth and differentiation through tyrosine phosphorylation, we tried to isolate mouse receptor-type PTP (RPTP) cDNA clones by screening mouse brain cDNA libraries with mouse CD45 PTP domain probes under reduced-stringency conditions. Characterization of isolated cDNA clones for RPTP showed that the cytoplasmic region contains two tandem repeats of PTP domain of about 230 amino acids with intrinsic phosphatase activity. The extracellular region was composed of immunoglobulin (Ig)-like domains and fibronectin type III (FN-III)-like domains. The gene was highly homologous to human PTP delta (HPTP delta) and thus was named MPTP delta (murine counterpart of HPTP delta). The MPTP delta gene appeared to generate at least three species of mRNA, which differ in the composition of the extracellular domain: type A, one Ig-like and four FN-III-like domains; type B, one Ig-like and eight FN-III-like domains; and type C, three Ig-like and eight FN-III-like domains. Interestingly, the 5' untranslated region and the leader peptide of types A and B were completely different from those of type C. Northern (RNA) blot analysis demonstrated that brain, kidney, and heart cells express three mRNA species of about 7 kb. Antibody directed against part of the extracellular domain of type A MPTP delta recognized a 210-kDa protein in brain and kidney lysates. In situ hybridization of brain samples revealed that MPTP delta mRNA is present in the hippocampus, thalamic reticular nucleus, and piriform cortex, where some Src family PTKs have been also demonstrated to exist. Although MPTP delta mRNA was not detected in lymphoid tissues, all of the pre-B-cell lines tested and one of three B-cell lines tested expressed MPTP delta mRNA, whereas antibody-producing B-cell hybridomas and T-cell and macrophage lines did not. Finally, the MPTP delta locus was tightly linked to the brown (b) locus on mouse chromosome 4.
Method effects on reading comprehension test performance: text organization and response format

If tests are to provide an accurate measure of learners’ language abilities, examiners must minimize the influence of intervening factors such as text organization and response format on test results. The purpose of this article is to investigate the effects of these two factors on second language learners’ performance in reading comprehension tests. The study analyses the results of reading comprehension tests which were delivered to 754 Japanese university students. The main finding is that text organization and test format had a significant impact on the students’ performance. When texts were clearly structured, the more proficient students achieved better results in summary writing and open-ended questions. By contrast the structure of the text made little difference to the performance of the less proficient students. This suggests that well-structured texts make it easier to differentiate between students with different levels of proficiency. Examiners have hitherto taken little notice of the impact of text structure and test format on students’ results. By paying more attention to these factors, they will enhance the validity of their tests.
Effect of changes to the school food environment on eating behaviours and/or body weight in children: a systematic review

Previous school obesity‐prevention reviews have included multi‐component interventions. Here, we aimed to review the evidence for the effect of isolated food environment interventions on both eating behaviours (including food purchasing) and/or body weight. Five electronic databases were searched (last updated 30 November 2013). Of the 1,002 unique papers identified, 55 reported on school food environment changes, based on a review of titles and abstracts. Thirty‐seven further papers were excluded, for not meeting the inclusion criteria. The final selection consisted of 18 papers (14 United States, 4 United Kingdom). Two studies had a body mass index (BMI) outcome, 14 assessed purchasing or eating behaviours and two studies assessed both weight and behaviour. Seventeen of 18 papers reported a positive outcome on either BMI (or change in BMI) or the healthfulness of food sold or consumed. Two studies were rated as strong quality and 11 as weak. Only three studies included a control group. A school environment supportive of healthy eating is essential to combat heavy marketing of unhealthy food. Modification of the school food environment (including high‐level policy changes at state or national level) can have a positive impact on eating behaviours. A need exists, however, for further high‐quality studies.
Bullying Behavior, Bully Prevention Programs, and Gender

ABSTRACT Until the wave of school shootings beginning in 1993, little research on bullying behavior was conducted by American researchers. The horrific act of school violence at Columbine High School in Littleton, Colorado, prompted American researchers to seriously consider the physical and emotional implications of bullying. Drawing from studies spearheaded by Norwegian researcher Dan Olweus and others, American researchers reevaluated the impact of bullying behavior, prompting the construction of anti-bullying school programs modeled after Olweus' Bully Prevention Program. Newer research highlights the differences in how girls and boys bully. This critical review of the literature argues for gender differences to be considered when constructing bully prevention programs, either as separate or within already established elementary, middle, and high school programs.
Impact of Inclusion in General Physical Education on Students Without Disabilities

The purpose of this investigation was to evaluate the impact of including a student who uses a wheelchair and is given no direct support in a 4th grade general physical education (GPE) class on students without disabilities. Using an evaluate case study research method, data were collected in the beginning and end of a 2-week GPE volleyball unit from 2 intact elementary school classes using 2 attitude inventories, volleyball skills, and knowledge test. Results indicated no significant class difference in volleyball skill and knowledge acquisitions. Overall, attitudes toward including a student with a disability tended to be positive in both classes. In addition, there was no significant time difference within the classes on either attitude inventory.
Information Extraction for Vietnamese Real Estate Advertisements

Advertising has appeared in almost all areas of life. The large number of advertisements, especially in real estate domain, has raised a need for an effective way to search and find useful information for users. In this paper, we propose a rule-based approach to build an Information Extraction system for Vietnamese online real estate advertisements. Experimental results shows that our approach is very promising with an overall F-measure of 91% on a collection of data collected from popular Vietnamese real estate websites.
Aging on Television: Messages Relating to Gender, Race, and Occupation in Prime Time

Prime-time network programs broadcast between 7 993 and 2002 underrepresent elderly characters. More women between the ages of 50 and 64 were classified as elderly, rather than middle-aged. The age distribution of minority men resembles that of White women, while minority women are typically cast in younger age groups. The world of work on television is one of diminished options for the elderly. Television celebrates youth while it neglects and negates the elderly.
Is Work The New Neighborhood? Social Ties in the Workplace, Family, and Neighborhood

The work–family literature emphasizes how work intrudes into family life, and some scholars suggest that social ties based in the workplace may be replacing ties to family or neighbors. Using data from the Ecology of Careers Panel Study, we describe the prevalence of strong ties with family, coworkers, and neighbors in a dual-earner, middle-class sample. We also examine which respondents are more likely to have strong ties in the workplace. We find that most respondents do not have any strong ties with coworkers; however, coworker ties are much more common than ties to neighbors. Additionally, there are gender differences in network ties and these differences may have important consequences for social support.
Effects of anxiety on memory storage and updating in young children

The relationship between trait anxiety and memory functioning in young children was investigated. Two studies were conducted, using tasks tapping verbal and visual-spatial short-term memory (Study 1) and working memory (Study 2) in preschoolers. On the verbal storage tasks, there was a detrimental effect of anxiety on processing efficiency (duration of preparatory intervals) on Word Span. Performance effectiveness (memory span) did not differ between high-anxious and low-anxious children. In the second study, evaluating memory updating in a dual-task context, high-anxious children performed worse than low-anxious children on two verbal working memory tasks. Therefore, when simple verbal storage is required, high-anxious children show only efficiency deficits; when executive demands are higher (i.e., verbal updating) both accuracy and efficiency are impaired. However, on the visual-spatial storage and updating measures, performance did not differ between the two anxiety groups. The results are discussed in the context of the attentional control theory (Eysenck, Derakshan, Santos, & Calvo, 2007).