Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What is the emotional core of the multidimensional Machiavellian personality trait?

Machiavellianism is a personality trait characterized by interpersonal manipulation and associated with specific patterns of emotional and social cognition skills. The aim of this study was to investigate its socio-cognitive characteristics by determining its association and predictors on the basis of a multidimensional approach to Machiavellianism. We used Mach IV scale to assess “Machiavellian Intelligence” skill of participants (Christie and Geis, 1970). It includes three subscales that are (1) the use of deceit in interpersonal relationships, (2) a cynical view of human nature and (3) the lack of morality. Associations were found between Machiavellianism and low levels of empathy and affective ToM, and high levels of alexithymia, anhedonia, depression, and anxiety. These associations were observed in varying proportions depending on the three subscales of Machiavellianism. The addition of anhedonia and trait-anxiety to the concepts of empathy and alexithymia made it possible to gain a better understanding of the emotional core of Machiavellianism. These findings are discussed in the light of developmental and adaptive perspectives.
Understanding semantic style by analysing student code

Good coding style is recognised by the software engineering profession as being important, and this is reflected in the standard computing curricula. Feedback on some aspects of coding style is now commonly provided by IDEs and by tools such as Checkstyle, but this feedback focuses on coding standards that are largely based on syntax. However, some aspects of coding style relate to the semantics of code --- of the many ways to achieve some functionality, some are preferred because they are simpler, yet students struggle to create them. In this paper, we introduce the concept of semantic style, and in particular semantic style indicators that may be manifestations of poor knowledge of some programming concepts. We describe 16 semantic style indicators and demonstrate their prevalence in almost 19,000 code samples submitted by over 900 novice students. Half the students submitted code exhibiting two or more of these indicators, demonstrating the potential value to learn by providing feedback on semantic style. We also find many indicators are present in the code of students attending their fourth year of a highly competitive Software Engineering programme, demonstrating the need for more attention to teaching of semantic style issues.
Women in science: Can they be disturbing elements?

The results from interviews with Swedish women chemists and physicists concerning studies and work in academia are discussed in this article, with an emphasis on working life. We examine the take-up of postgraduate studies, deal with women's experiences of male power and dominance in academia and relate some positive experiences. We discuss the gendered culture of science and the connection between this culture and the organization of domestic work, and end with the question whether women can be disturbing elements and change the culture of science.
Consensus of a Class of Second-Order Multi-Agent Systems With Time-Delay and Jointly-Connected Topologies

This technical note investigates consensus problems of a class of second-order continuous-time multi-agent systems with time-delay and jointly-connected topologies. We first introduce a neighbor-based linear protocol with time-delay. Then we derive a sufficient condition in terms of linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) for average consensus of the system. Furthermore, we discuss the case where the time-delay affects only the information that is being transmitted and show that consensus can be reached with arbitrary bounded time-delay. Finally, simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of our theoretical results.
Quantum Hall Effect in Polar Oxide Heterostructures

We observed Shubnikov–de Haas oscillation and the quantum Hall effect in a high-mobility two-dimensional electron gas in polar ZnO/MgxZn1–xO heterostructures grown by laser molecular beam epitaxy. The electron density could be controlled in a range of 0.7 × 1012 to 3.7 × 1012 per square centimeter by tuning the magnesium content in the barriers and the growth polarity. From the temperature dependence of the oscillation amplitude, the effective mass of the two-dimensional electrons was derived as 0.32 ± 0.03 times the free electron mass. Demonstration of the quantum Hall effect in an oxide heterostructure presents the possibility of combining quantum Hall physics with the versatile functionality of metal oxides in complex heterostructures.
Low-temperature properties of single-crystal CrB$_{2}$

We report the low-temperature properties of ${}^{11}\mathrm{B}$-enriched single-crystal ${\mathrm{CrB}}_{2}$ as prepared from high-purity Cr and B powder by a solid-state reaction and optical float zoning. The electrical resistivity, ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{\mathrm{xx}}$, Hall effect, ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{\mathrm{xy}}$, and specific heat, $C$, are characteristic of an exchange-enhanced Fermi liquid ground state, which develops a slightly anisotropic spin gap $\ensuremath{\Delta}\ensuremath{\approx}220\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ below ${T}_{\mathrm{N}}=88\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$. This observation is corroborated by the absence of a Curie dependence in the magnetization for $T\ensuremath{\rightarrow}0$ reported in the literature. Comparison of $C$ with $d{\ensuremath{\rho}}_{\mathrm{xx}}/dT$, where we infer lattice contributions from measurements of ${\mathrm{VB}}_{2}$, reveals strong antiferromagnetic spin fluctuations with a characteristic spin fluctuation temperature ${T}_{\mathrm{sf}}\ensuremath{\approx}257\phantom{\rule{0.28em}{0ex}}\mathrm{K}$ in the paramagnetic state, followed by a pronounced second-order mean-field transition at ${T}_{\mathrm{N}}$, and unusual excitations around $\ensuremath{\approx}{T}_{\mathrm{N}}/2$. The pronounced anisotropy of ${\ensuremath{\rho}}_{\mathrm{xx}}$ above ${T}_{\mathrm{N}}$ is characteristic of an easy-plane anisotropy of the spin fluctuations consistent with the magnetization. The ratio of the Curie-Weiss to the $\mathrm{N}\stackrel{\ifmmode \acute{}\else \'{}\fi{}}{\mathrm{e}}\mathrm{el}$ temperatures, $f=\ensuremath{-}{\ensuremath{\Theta}}_{\mathrm{CW}}/{T}_{\mathrm{N}}\ensuremath{\approx}8.5$, inferred from the magnetization, implies strong geometric frustration. All physical properties are remarkably invariant under applied magnetic fields up to 14 T, the highest field studied. In contrast to earlier suggestions of local-moment magnetism our study identifies ${\mathrm{CrB}}_{2}$ as a weak itinerant antiferromagnet par excellence with strong geometric frustration.
Emotions in Vowel Segments of Continuous Speech: Analysis of the Glottal Flow Using the Normalised Amplitude Quotient

Abstract Emotions in short vowel segments of continuous speech were analysed usinginverse filtering and a recently developed glottal flow parameter, the normalisedamplitude quotient (NAQ). Simulated emotion portrayals were produced by 9 professionalstage actors. Separated /a:/ vowel segments were inverse filtered andparameterised using NAQ. Statistical analyses showed significant differencesamong most of the emotions studied. Results also demonstrated clear gender differences.Inverse filtering, together with NAQ, was shown to be a promisingmethod for the analysis of emotional content in continuous speech.
Local and Global Parameter Identi…cation in DSGE Models Allowing for Indeterminacy

This paper presents a uni…ed framework for analyzing local and global identi…cation in log linearized DSGE models that encompasses both determinacy and indeterminacy. The analysis is conducted from a frequency domain perspective. First, for local identi…cation, it presents necessary and su¢ cient conditions for: (1) the identi…cation of the structural parameters along with the sunspot parameters, (2) the identi…cation of the former irrespective of the latter and (3) the identi…cation of the former conditional on the latter. These conditions apply to both singular and nonsingular models and also permit checking whether a subset of frequencies can deliver identi…cation. Second, for global identi…cation, the paper considers a frequency domain expression for the Kullback-Leibler distance between two DSGE models and shows that global identi…cation fails if and only if the minimized distance equals zero. As a by-product, it delivers parameter values that yield observational equivalence under identi…cation failure. This condition requires nonsingularity but can be applied to nonsingular subsystems and across models with
Achieving Privacy in the Adversarial Multi-Armed Bandit

In this paper, we improve the previously best known regret bound to achieve ε-differential privacy in oblivious adversarial bandits from O(T2/3 /ε) to O(√T lnT/ε). This is achieved by combining a Laplace Mechanism with EXP3. We show that though EXP3 is already differentially private, it leaks a linear amount of information in T. However, we can improve this privacy by relying on its intrinsic exponential mechanism for selecting actions. This allows us to reach O(√ ln T)-DP, with a a regret of O(T2/3) that holds against an adaptive adversary, an improvement from the best known of O(T3/4). This is done by using an algorithm that run EXP3 in a mini-batch loop. Finally, we run experiments that clearly demonstrate the validity of our theoretical analysis.
Depression Is Associated with Cognitive Dysfunction in Older Adults with Heart Failure

Persons with heart failure (HF) frequently exhibit cognitive impairment with deficits in attention and memory. Depression is common in HF though its possible contribution to cognitive impairment is unknown. Cognitive dysfunction and depression may share common mechanisms in HF, as both are associated with similar abnormalities on neuroimaging. A total of 116 participants with HF (68.53 ± 9.30 years) completed a neuropsychological battery and self-report measures of depression. Regression models showed depression incrementally and independently predicted test performance in all cognitive domains. Follow-up partial correlations revealed that greater depressive symptoms were associated with poorer performance on tests of attention, executive function, psychomotor speed, and language. These results indicate that depressive symptoms are associated with poorer cognitive performance in HF though further work is needed to clarify mechanisms for this association and possible cognitive benefits of treating depression in persons with HF.
Patient/carer perceptions of disability in motor neurone disease and carer coping

Aims: To compare patient- and carer-reported disability in motor neurone disease (MND) using the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF); and to describe carer burden, psychological coping, and quality of life. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional survey of MND patients (n=44) and carers (n=37). Their MND-related problems were linked with ICF categories (second level) using open-ended questionnaires and ‘linkage rules’. Standardized assessments measured carer psychological coping (depression/anxiety/ stress), strain/burden, quality of life (QoL), and coping strategies. Findings: MND patients were older than their carers (mean age 61, carers 57) there were more male patients than carers (66%, carers 27%). Most carers were spouses/partners (89%). MND patients identified 70 ICF categories whereas carers identified 8: body function 15 (carers 0); body structure 5 (carers 0); activities and participation 40 (carers 6); environmental factors 10 (carers 2). Main ICF categories .
The Effects of Framing Vocational Choices on Young Adults' Sets of Career Options.

Purpose – The present paper examines the effects of two decision‐framing inductions on young adults' set of career options: first, whether young adults use abilities or interests as the grounds for their vocational choices and, second, whether young adults approach the decision‐making task by including all career options to which they feel positively or by eliminating all career options to which they feel negatively.Design/methodology/approach – A 2 × 2 experimental design was used to collect data from a diverse group of college undergraduates.Findings – The results suggest that individuals who choose careers on the basis of skills and who use the inclusion decision‐making procedure are significantly more likely to narrow down their sets of career options.Research limitations/implications – The paper also suggests that Holland's model of vocational choice (RIASEC) may be differentially useful in guiding students to appropriate vocations for themselves. Students with a “social” profile, for example, have a.
Diferenças de sexo e escolaridade na manifestação de Stress em adultos jovens

Gender differences in stress symptoms have been a topic of recent interest. This study investigated stress symptoms in young adults in relation to sex and school year. One hundred and fifty female and 145 male students, age 15 to 28, were the participants. They were recruited from freshman and senior high school classes, preparatory school for college, and the first and fourth year of a college in Sao Paulo. The Lipp Stress Symptom Inventory was used to evaluate self perceived stress. Results indicated a high correlation between gender and level of stress (p<0,0001). Women compared to men had more symptoms. Students in the preparatoy school class had the highest incidence of stress, followed by high school seniors. Students had a higher number of psychological symptoms and the most frequently mentioned were excessive emotional sensitivity for the female participants, and recurrent thoughts for the male students.
An ultra low power 130nm CMOS direct conversion transceiver for IEEE802.15.4

A fully integrated 2.4 GHz transceiver based on the IEEE802.15.4 specification has been designed using a 130 nm CMOS technology. Concurrent system and design optimizations were required to reach an energy efficiency of 21.5 nJ/bit in RX mode and 32.5 nJ/bit in TX modes, respectively, at a data rate of 250 kbit/s. The circuit includes a -5 dBm transmitter, a -81 dBm sensitivity receiver, an integer N PLL with 5 MHz reference, a dual I/Q 3-bit ADC at 4 MS/s, an analog RSSI with 8-bit ADC at 8 kS/s and an integrated SPDT TX/RX switch to a 100 Omega differential antenna port. The chip consumes 5.4 mW in RX mode and 8.1 mW in TX mode under 1.2 V.
Violence against women: knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of nurses and midwives

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES To describe the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of nurses and midwives who have attended to women who suffered violence. This study further analyses the possible changes of attitude that have occurred over the past five years. BACKGROUND Gender violence or violence against women is the largest problem with regard to public health and violated human rights all over the world. In Italy, it is estimated that 31·5% of women suffer physical or sexual violence during their life. Healthcare operators play a crucial role in recognising the signs of the violence suffered when taking care of victims. DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted. METHODS A questionnaire was administered; this was used in a previous survey of a convenience sample of 51 nurses and midwives who work in an emergency room or in an obstetrics emergency room and gynaecological ward. RESULTS Of the respondents, 51 (80·4%) have taken care of women who suffered violence, and 25 (49%) believe they can detect violence. The relational/communicative approach presents the most difficulty, and all the operators believe they need more knowledge. The number of operators who suggest women be observed in an emergency room and file a complaint or who primarily consider listening to women has decreased. A tendency to 'blame' women, although decreasing, persists; it is higher among male nurses and, in general, among male operators. CONCLUSION Knowledge of this issue has not been completely recognised among operators despite training and the emergence of the phenomenon in the mass media. Difficulties in receiving and in relational procedures continue to exist, in addition to 'blaming' the woman. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE Awareness paths and cultural changes regarding the phenomenon of violence need to be developed, as does a specific training programme on the approach to and assessment of the abused woman.
Risk of breast cancer recurrence in women initiating tamoxifen with CYP2D6 inhibitors.

CRA508 Background: Tamoxifen (TAM) is metabolized to its active form, endoxifen, by hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) 2D6. Diminished CYP2D6 function, both by genetic variation or concurrent use of pharmacologic inhibitors, can significantly reduce endoxifen plasma concentrations and may lead to reduced TAM effectiveness. METHODS We interrogated an integrated research database comprised of de-identified medical and pharmacy claims (Rx) data for 10.7 million U.S. health plan members to identify women with breast cancer (BrCa) new to TAM therapy in a 30-month period from 2003 to 2005, and investigated the risk of recurrent BrCa as a function of concurrent use of potent and moderate inhibitors of CYP2D6. Inclusion criteria were: greater than or equal to 24 months of follow-up data and adherence to TAM (medication possession ratio > 70%) over 2 years (N = 1,298). Disease recurrence was defined by BrCa ICD-9 codes or CPT codes for mastectomy, lumpectomy, lymph node dissection, or radiation therapy occurring at least 6 months after the index TAM Rx. Two study groups were identified: TAM alone (N = 945) or TAM + a CYP2D6 inhibitor concomitantly (N = 353). BrCa recurrence rates were compared using Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank test, and univariate hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated by Cox proportional hazards model. RESULTS The study groups were similar at baseline. Median age was 52 years (TAM) and 53 years (TAM + CYP2D6 inhibitor). Interventions performed in the TAM alone group included mastectomy in 54%, lumpectomy in 36%, and radiation therapy in 47%, and were 52%, 38%, 46%, respectively, in the TAM + CYP2D6 inhibitor group. Among women on a CYP2D6 inhibitor, the median duration of overlap with TAM was 255 days. Patients receiving TAM + a CYP2D6 inhibitor had a 2-year BrCa recurrence rate of 13.9% versus 7.5% in patients receiving TAM alone (HR 1.92, 95% CI 1.33-2.76, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings support the presence of a clinically significant drug interaction between TAM and known CYP2D6 inhibitors. This resulted in a significant 1.9 fold higher BrCa recurrence within 2 years of initiating TAM therapy. [Table: see text].
Factors influencing accountants' behavioural intentions to use and actual usage of enterprise resource planning systems in a global development agency

Purpose - – This research aims to explore factors influencing accountants' usage of enterprise resource planning (ERP) at a global development agency. The paper tests a model, which hypothesised that attitudes, performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence and self-efficacy would have significant and positive effects on behavioural intention to use, and facilitating conditions and behavioural intention would have significant and positive effects on frequency of use (actual usage). Design/methodology/approach - – The study utilised a quantitative approach through an online survey of 104 respondents from the different countries that the organisation operates within. Findings - – Using multiple regression analysis, the findings showed that attitudes towards use, performance expectancy, self-efficacy and effort expectancy were significant predictors of behavioural intention to use the ERP system. Behavioural intentions and facilitating conditions significantly and positively influenced actual ERP usage. Social influence was found to be non-significant. Research limitations/implications - – The study used a small sample drawn from a single organization. Practical implications - – The paper tests a model of usage of ERP and identifies those factors that are likely to influence ERP usage in a global development agency. Originality/value - – The paper supplements the existing literature on ERP usage in global organizations.
Breast Cancer Risk and Hormone Receptor Status in Older Women by Parity, Age of First Birth, and Breastfeeding: A Case-Control Study

Background: Early age at first birth and multiparity reduce the risk of estrogen receptor-progesterone receptor (ERPR)–positive breast cancer, whereas breastfeeding reduces the risk of both ERPR-positive and ERPR-negative cancers. Methods: We used multivariable logistic regression analysis to investigate whether age at first birth (<25 or ≥25 years) and breastfeeding (ever/never) modify the long-term effect of parity on risk of ERPR-positive and ERPR-negative cancer using 1,457 incident breast cancer cases and 1,455 controls ages ≥55 years who participated in the Women's Contraceptive and Reproductive Experiences Study. Results: Women who gave birth before age 25 years had a 36% reduced risk of breast cancer compared with nulligravida that was not observed for women who started their families at an older age (Pheterogeneity = 0.0007). This protective effect was restricted to ERPR-positive breast cancer (Pheterogeneity = 0.004). Late age at first birth increased the risk of ERPR-negative cancers. Additional births reduced the risk of ERPR-positive cancers among women with an early first birth (Ptrend = 0.0001) and among women who breastfed (Ptrend = 0.004) but not among older mothers or those who never breastfed. In women with a late first birth who never breastfed, multiparity was associated with increased risk of breast cancer. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the effect of parity on a woman's long-term risk of breast cancer is modified by age at first full-term pregnancy and possibly by breastfeeding. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2008;17(7):1723–30)