Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Solution of the Linear Ordering Problem (NP=P)

j=1 cijxij s. t. 0 6 xij 6 1, xij + xji = 1, 0 6 xij + xjk − xik 6 1, i 6= j, i 6= k, j 6= k, i, j, k = 1, . , n. We denote the corresponding polytope by Bn. The polytope Bn has integer vertices corresponding to feasible solutions of the linear ordering problem as well as non-integer vertices. We denote the polytope of integer vertices as Pn. Let us give an example of non-integer vertex in Bn and describe an exact facet cut. In what follows we will interested only in generating exact facet cuts. Fig. 1 shows a graph interpretation of a non-integer vertex [1], i1
A 0.14mW/Gbps high-density capacitive interface for 3D system integration

This paper presents a synchronous 3D interconnection based on capacitive coupling. The designed link presents a power consumption of 0.128mW/pin@975Mbps/pin, overcoming standard I/O pads performance of two orders of magnitude. High bit-rate, reduced power consumption and electrode area down to 8/spl times/8/spl mu/m/sup 2/ enable the implementation of highly parallel pipelined interfaces for inter-chip communication, with an aggregate consumption of about 0.14mW/Gbps.
High-Speed Imaging Reveals Neurophysiological Links to Behavior in an Animal Model of Depression

The hippocampus is one of several brain areas thought to play a central role in affective behaviors, but the underlying local network dynamics are not understood. We used quantitative voltage-sensitive dye imaging to probe hippocampal dynamics with millisecond resolution in brain slices after bidirectional modulation of affective state in rat models of depression. We found that a simple measure of real-time activity—stimulus-evoked percolation of activity through the dentate gyrus relative to the hippocampal output subfield—accounted for induced changes in animal behavior independent of the underlying mechanism of action of the treatments. Our results define a circuit-level neurophysiological endophenotype for affective behavior and suggest an approach to understanding circuit-level substrates underlying psychiatric disease symptoms.
The relationships of personal and ethnic identity exploration to indices of adaptive and maladaptive psychosocial functioning

Identity exploration has often been associated with maladaptive aspects of psychosocial functioning such as anxiety and depression. It is not known, however, whether maladaptive psychosocial functioning is related to both personal and ethnic identity exploration. In the present study, we examined the relationships of personal and ethnic identity exploration to adaptive (self-esteem, purpose in life, internal locus of control, and ego strength) and maladaptive (depression, anxiety, impulsivity, and tolerance for deviance) psychosocial functioning, as well the extent to which these relationships were mediated by identity confusion. A multi-ethnic sample of 905 White, Black, and Hispanic university students completed measures of personal and ethnic identity exploration, as well as of adaptive and maladaptive psychosocial functioning. Current personal identity exploration was negatively associated with adaptive psychosocial functioning and was positively associated with anxiety, depression, and impulsivity. An opposite pattern of relationships emerged for past personal identity exploration. All these relationships were mediated by identity confusion — positively for current exploration and negatively for past exploration. Ethnic identity exploration was not directly associated with psychosocial functioning and evidenced only a weak association through identity confusion. These findings were consistent across gender and across the three ethnic groups studied. Implications for identity theory, research, and intervention are discussed.
PENERAPAN MODEL PEMBELAJARAN INQUIRY BASED LEARNING DALAM MENINGKATKAN KEMAMPUAN BERHITUNG DAN OPERASI BILANGAN ANAK USIA DINI

Artikel ini mengkaji penelitian terkait dengan penerapan model pembelajaran Inquiry Based Learning (IBL) dalam meningkatkan kemampuan berhitung da operasi bilangan anak usia dini. Penelitian ini bermula dari permasalahan kemampuan berhitung dan operasi bilangan anak di TK Budi Asih yang seringkali mengalami hambatan. Berdasarkan hasil observasi awal, kemampuan anak dalam aspek berhitung dan operasi bilangan masih belum optimal, hal tersebut ditandai dengan masih banyaknya anak yang hanya dapat menyebutkan bilangan dari 1 sampai 10 tanpa memahami arti dari bilangan tersebut, anak terlihat belum mampu membilang dengan menggunakan benda, belum mampu menjumlah dengan menggunakan benda dan belum mampu melakukan pengurangan dengan benda. Permasalahan tersebut perlu diatasi dengan penggunaan cara yang tepat, dalam penelitian ini solusi yang digunakan yaitu model pembelajaran IBL.
Racist experiences, openness to discussing racism, and attitudes toward ethnic heritage activities: Adoptee–parent discrepancies.

This study used hierarchical linear modeling to examine discrepancies among 95 dyads of Asian adolescent transnational adoptees and their parents (N 190). Results revealed that parents underestimated the degree to which adoptees experienced racism and overestimated their positive attitudes toward ethnic heritage activities and openness to discussing racism. Adoptees with a high percentage of friends of color reported fewer racist experiences; however, parents with a high percentage of friends of color perceived adoptees to experience higher instances of racism. In addition, parents with low colorblind attitudes overestimated adoptees’ positive attitudes toward ethnic heritage activities and openness to discussing racism; whereas, at both high and low levels of colorblind attitudes, parents underestimated adoptees’ racist experiences. Implications that center on the perspectives of Asian adolescent transnational adoptees as well as practical suggestions for clinicians and adoption professionals are discussed.
EEG signal classification in usability experiments

The affective computing aims to detect emotional states during the interaction between the user and the machine allowing the use of this information in decision-making processes. EEG signals related to emotional states can be applied to the context of software usability providing more resources to the validation process and the identification of the degree of user satisfaction. This work aims to establish a relationship between EEG signals and the user opinion about the usability of some Facebook privacy features. Based on the assumption that there are variation in brain activity during the execution of tasks labeled as “easy” or “difficult”, a performance evaluation was done based on a Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) classifiers. The Mean Power Spectral Density, in 7 frequency bands, from 8 electrodes in F, C, P, and O areas were used as features. The classification rates showed a small advantage of the SVM when all the 28 variables were used. However, when the 13 variables pointed by the Mann-Whitney U test were used, LDA showed good discrimination capability. The electrodes in F and C areas, related with cognition and motor functions, rejected null hypothesis in almost all frequency bands during the execution of the tasks, showing that it is possible to recognize the studied emotional states. Despite the fact that this was a preliminary study, it showed the feasibility of using the EEG as a potential source of information to be added to software usability testing.
The extracellular matrix molecule tenascin C modulates expression levels and territories of key patterning genes during spinal cord astrocyte specification

The generation of astrocytes during the development of the mammalian spinal cord is poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate for the first time that the extracellular matrix glycoprotein tenascin C regulates the expression of key patterning genes during late embryonic spinal cord development, leading to a timely maturation of gliogenic neural precursor cells. We first show that tenascin C is expressed by gliogenic neural precursor cells during late embryonic development. The loss of tenascin C leads to a sustained generation and delayed migration of Fgfr3-expressing immature astrocytes in vivo. Consistent with an increased generation of astroglial cells, we documented an increased number of GFAP-positive astrocytes at later stages. Mechanistically, we could demonstrate an upregulation and domain shift of the patterning genes Nkx6.1 and Nkx2.2 in vivo. In addition, sulfatase 1, a known downstream target of Nkx2.2 in the ventral spinal cord, was also upregulated. Sulfatase 1 regulates growth factor signalling by cleaving sulphate residues from heparan sulphate proteoglycans. Consistent with this function, we observed changes in both FGF2 and EGF responsiveness of spinal cord neural precursor cells. Taken together, our data implicate Tnc in the regulation of proliferation and lineage progression of astroglial progenitors in specific domains of the developing spinal cord.
Abstract Dialectical Frameworks. An Overview.

Dialectical Frameworks. An Overview Gerhard Brewka, Stefan Ellmauthaler, Hannes Strass Leipzig University, Germany {brewka,ellmauthaler,strass}@informatik.uni-leipzig.de Johannes P. Wallner, Stefan Woltran Vienna University of Technology, Austria {wallner,woltran}@dbai.tuwien. ac.at
Comparisons of diazotrophic communities in native and agricultural desert ecosystems reveal plants as important drivers in diversity

Diazotrophs provide the only biological source of fixed atmospheric nitrogen in the biosphere. Although they are the key player for plant-available nitrogen, less is known about their diversity and potential importance in arid ecosystems. We investigated the nitrogenase gene diversity in native and agricultural desert soil as well as within root-associated microbiota of medicinal plants grown in Egypt through the combination of nifH-specific qPCR, fingerprints, amplicon pyrosequencing and fluorescence in situ hybridization–confocal laser scanning microscopy. Although the diazotrophic microbiota were characterized by generally high abundances and diversity, statistically significant differences were found between both soils, the different microhabitats, and between the investigated plants (Matricaria chamomilla L., Calendula officinalis L. and Solanum distichum Schumach. and Thonn.). We observed a considerable community shift from desert to agriculturally used soil that demonstrated a higher abundance and diversity in the agro-ecosystem. The endorhiza was characterized by lower abundances and only a subset of species when compared to the rhizosphere. While the microbiomes of the Asteraceae were similar and dominated by potential root-nodulating rhizobia acquired primarily from soil, the perennial S. distichum generally formed associations with free-living nitrogen fixers. These results underline the importance of diazotrophs in desert ecosystems and additionally identify plants as important drivers in functional gene pool diversity.
Situated Trust in a Physician: Patient Health Characteristics and Trust in Physician Confidentiality

ABSTRACT Most patients trust their physicians uniformly across several situations, which challenges prevailing perspectives on interpersonal trust that view it as situated (placed upon a specific person for a specific task within a situation). We suggest this finding is an artifact of undertheorizing about how situations shape patients’ trust. We develop claims explaining how patients’ devalued health characteristics raise situation-specific concerns. We find that the severity and chronic severity of body weight and depressive symptoms are associated with lower trust in physician confidentiality-–-the expectation that a physician uses personal health information appropriately-–but not trust for other tasks.
Naming, Mourning, and the Work of Earthly Coexistence

ABSTRACT Setting out from Jacques Derrida’s assertion that every act of naming is “a foreshadowing of mourning” ([2008. The animal that therefore I am. (M.-L. Mallet, Ed., D. Wills, Trans.). New York, NY: Fordham University Press], p. 20), this paper argues that the work of earthly coexistence is underwritten by the intertwined practices of naming and mourning. The paper demonstrates that names provide access to and shape our perceptions of earthly entities; that the act of naming prepares us for the work of mourning; that the proper names given to endlings provide poignant points of access to species on the edge of extinction; that species names disclose species as such and, thus, enable us to grieve not just particular living organisms but entire ways of life; and that the name given to the current geological epoch, the “anthropocene,” simultaneously reflects and engenders a mode of awareness which enables us to relinquish those ways of being human that no longer seem sustainable and carry forth those that promise to enrich earthly coexistence.
Understanding the Causes of Recent Warming of Mediterranean Waters. How Much Could Be Attributed to Climate Change?

During the past two decades, Mediterranean waters have been warming at a rather high rate resulting in scientific and social concern. This warming trend is observed in satellite data, field data and model simulations, and affects both surface and deep waters throughout the Mediterranean basin. However, the warming rate is regionally different and seems to change with time, which has led to the question of what causes underlie the observed trends. Here, we analyze available satellite information on sea surface temperature (SST) from the last 25 years using spectral techniques and find that more than half of the warming tendency during this period is due to a non-linear, wave-like tendency. Using a state of the art hydrodynamic model, we perform a hindcast simulation and obtain the simulated SST evolution of the Mediterranean basin for the last 52 years. These SST results show a clear sinusoidal tendency that follows the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation (AMO) during the simulation period. Our results reveal that 58% of recent warming in Mediterranean waters could be attributed to this AMO-like oscillation, being anthropogenic-induced climate change only responsible for 42% of total trend. The observed acceleration of water warming during the 1990s therefore appears to be caused by a superimposition of anthropogenic-induced warming with the positive phase of the AMO, while the recent slowdown of this tendency is likely due to a shift in the AMO phase. It has been proposed that this change in the AMO phase will mask the effect of global warming in the forthcoming decades, and our results indicate that the same could also be applicable to the Mediterranean Sea. Henceforth, natural multidecadal temperature oscillations should be taken into account to avoid underestimation of the anthropogenic-induced warming of the Mediterranean basin in the future.
Periprosthetic Vancouver type B1 and C fractures treated by locking-plate osteosynthesis

Background and purpose Historically, the treatment of periprosthetic femoral fractures (PFFs) has been associated with a high frequency of complications and reoperations. The preferred treatment is internal fixation, a revision of the femoral stem, or a combination of both. An improved understanding of plate use during internal fixation, and the introduction of locking-plate osteosynthesis may lead to improved outcome. We evaluated the outcome of Vancouver type B1 and C PFFs treated by locking-plate osteosynthesis, by assessing rates of fracture union and reoperations and by analyzing failure cases. Patients and methods From 2002 through 2011, 58 consecutive patients (60 fractures) with low-energy PFF around or below a stable femoral stem, i.e. Vancouver type B1 and C fractures, underwent osteosynthesis with a locking plate. All patients had a total hip replacement (THR). They were followed up clinically and radiographically, with 6 weeks between visits, until fracture union or until death. Fracture union was evaluated 6 months postoperatively. Results At a median follow-up time of 23 (0–121) months after PFF, 8 patients (8 fractures) had been reoperated due either to infection (n = 4), failure of fixation (n = 3), or loosening of the femoral stem (n = 1). All the patients who had been followed up for at least 6 months—and who did not undergo reoperation or die—went on to fracture union (n = 43). Interpretation Locking-plate osteosynthesis of periprosthetic Vancouver type B1 and C fractures gives good results regarding fracture union. It appears that spanning of the prosthesis to avoid stress-rising areas is important for successful treatment. Infection is the major cause of failure.
MOT16: A Benchmark for Multi-Object Tracking

Standardized benchmarks are crucial for the majority of computer vision applications. Although leaderboards and ranking tables should not be over-claimed, benchmarks often provide the most objective measure of performance and are therefore important guides for reseach. Recently, a new benchmark for Multiple Object Tracking, MOTChallenge, was launched with the goal of collecting existing and new data and creating a framework for the standardized evaluation of multiple object tracking methods. The first release of the benchmark focuses on multiple people tracking, since pedestrians are by far the most studied object in the tracking community. This paper accompanies a new release of the MOTChallenge benchmark. Unlike the initial release, all videos of MOT16 have been carefully annotated following a consistent protocol. Moreover, it not only offers a significant increase in the number of labeled boxes, but also provides multiple object classes beside pedestrians and the level of visibility for every single object of interest.
MaltParser: A Data-Driven Parser-Generator for Dependency Parsing

We introduce MaltParser, a data-driven parser generator for dependency parsing. Given a treebank in dependency format, MaltParser can be used to induce a parser for the language of the treebank. MaltParser supports several parsing algorithms and learning algorithms, and allows user-defined feature models, consisting of arbitrary combinations of lexical features, part-of-speech features and dependency features. MaltParser is freely available for research and educational purposes and has been evaluated empirically on Swedish, English, Czech, Danish and Bulgarian.
:~~~:o~ IAN EQUAL EXCESS MODEL OF CdALITION FORMATION1

Current theories of coalition formation in decision processes of systems at the level of the group lack generality in that some theories do not predict which coalitions are likely to form while others make predictions in only a narrow range of conditions. A model of coalition formation is proposed which predicts coalition formation in a variety of situations. Comparisons between predicted and observed results of studies using different coalition paradigms show considerable empirical support for the model. Despite some ambiguity in specifying the effects of some situational variables, the model provides a framework with which to study the processes of coalition formation and to examine the effects of such situational factors.
Progression of Cognitive Deficit in Older People with Mild Cognitive Impairment Treated with Cerebrolysin

Objectives: Although people with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) benefit from cerebrolysin treatment, some still develop dementia. The aim of the current study was to identify most informative clinical assessment tests to predict the therapy efficacy in aMCI subjects treated with cerebrolysin. Methods: We studied patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI; n = 53) who had regular neurocognitive and clinical psychiatric assessments and were treated with cerebrolysin i.v. infusions 20 × 30 ml twice a year over three years period. Data were analyzed using non-parametric statistics, cluster and linear discriminant analyses. Results: Combined mathematical modeling enabled to predict cognitive decline from aMCI to dementia in the cerebrolysin-treated patients based on their initial neurocognitive assessment scores. We identified a “dementia risk group” with fast cognitive decline (i.e. low efficacy of the treatment). Lower baseline scores in the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale Memory subtest, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), 10 word list immediate recall, and Frontal Assessment Battery tests when accompanied by higher depression score (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale) suggest poor prognosis for aMCI patients treated with cerebrolysin. Changes in scores on the MMSE, Boston naming test, Digit span forward, and Wechsler scale subtest “Categorical associations” during the treatment course are more characteristic for patients who convert to dementia than their initial scores. Conclusions: aMCI subjects treated with cerebrolysin with lower baseline cognitive functioning and subclinical depres
The Intimate Link between Income Levels and Life Expectancy: Global Evidence from 213 Years

Contrary to previous findings, we find a systematic and economically sizeable relationship between income levels and life expectancy in a panel dataset of 197 countries over 213 years. By itself, GDP/capita explains more than 64 percent of the variation in life expectancy. The Preston curve prevails, even when accounting for country- and time-fixed effects, country-specific time trends, and alternative control variables. Quantile regressions and instrumental variable estimations suggest this link to be persistent across different levels of life expectancy and unaffected by reverse causality. If policymakers want to prolong people's lives, economic growth appears to be the predominant medicine.
How can Canada’s feminist international assistance policy support a feminist agenda in Africa? Challenges in addressing sexual violence in four agricultural colleges in Ethiopia

abstract Recently the Canadian government, announced its new ‘feminist international assistance policy’ towards achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). The core action of that policy focuses on gender equality and the empowerment of women and girls as the most effective way to challenge poverty and inequality (Government of Canada, 2017). One of the policy’s four key activities is to address sexual and gender-based violence, ‘stepping up’ a commitment to evidence-based decision making through better data collection and evaluation of gender equality. But what does better data collection and evaluation of gender equality mean? Taking a feminist reflexive stance, we “step back” to reflect on a preliminary analysis of a survey study on sexual violence involving close to 1 500 students enrolled in four Agricultural Technical Vocational Educational Training (ATVET) colleges in Ethiopia, and conducted as part of a Global Affairs Canada project, Agricultural Transformation Through Stronger Vocational Education (ATTSVE). In considering the significance of “better data collection” we advocate for the idea of “stepping aside” as researchers in favour of participatory approaches to working with data, and ultimately to support insider knowledge (what we term “stepping into”) to drive the agenda for addressing sexual and gender-based violence in relation to the SDGs.
How Do Staggered Boards Affect Shareholder Value? Evidence from a Natural Experiment

The well-established negative correlation between staggered boards (SBs) and firm value could be due to SBs leading to lower value or a reflection of low-value firms' greater propensity to maintain SBs. We analyze the causal question using a natural experiment involving two Delaware court rulings—separated by several weeks and going in opposite directions—that affected the antitakeover force of SBs. We contribute to the long-standing debate on staggered boards by presenting empirical evidence consistent with the market viewing SBs as leading to lower firm value for the affected firms.