Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Understanding ITO decisions and implementations in Malaysia public healthcare sector: The evidence from a pilot case study

As IT Outsourcing (ITO) grows in complexity, there is a call for effective management of ITO relationship to reduce risks. ITO relationship receives a lot of attention from researchers recently. Many studies, however, are conceptual or hyphotesis-testing in nature. In addition, no one study focuses on full and comprehensive ITO decisions and implementations using Simon's stage model as a framework of inquiry. Thus, this study adopts case study research and grounded theory to investigate in detailed the ITO decisions and implementations of a pilot case in Malaysia public sector. In addition, we perform literature review, websites, documents, news as well as interviews. Our findings indicate that Malaysia practice is not much difference from developed countries except for the Asian cultural values still a dominant factor in local service providers. The research finds that public sector lacks IT resources competences and capabilities while relationship exchange varies from one case to another. Many working relationship factors are generated from iterative data reduction processes. Hence, this study contributes to literature as well as Malaysian ITO practical reference for business managers.
Salesforce automation and the adoption of technological innovations by salespeople: Theory and implications

In the past few years, organizations have spent millions of dollars adopting salesforce automation (SFA) systems, and this trend continues to grow. Despite its significance, very little academic research has been devoted to understanding the factors that can influence the adoption and implementation of SFA systems. Contends that SFA is a two‐stage process that involves adoption at: (a) the organizational level, and (b) the level of the individual salesperson ‐ with organizational adoption preceding individual salesperson adoption. Draws on diffusion theory and the existing SFA trade literature to discuss factors that can influence SFA adoption at both these levels and their implications for management.
Global characteristics of GRBs observed with INTEGRAL and the inferred large population of low-luminosity GRBs

Context. INTEGRAL has two sensitive gamma-ray instruments that have detected and localised 47 gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) from its launch in October 2002 up to July 2007. Aims. We present the spectral, spatial, and temporal properties of the bursts in the INTEGRAL GRB catalogue using data from the imager, IBIS, and spectrometer, SPI. Methods. Spectral properties of the GRBs are determined using power-law and, where appropriate, Band model and quasithermal model fits to the prompt emission. Spectral lags, i.e. the time delay in the arrival of low-energy γ-rays with respect to high-energy γ-rays, are measured for 31 of the GRBs. Results. The photon index distribution of power-law fits to the prompt emission spectra is presented and is consistent with that obtained by Swift. The peak flux distribution shows that INTEGRAL detects proportionally more weak GRBs than Swift because of its higher sensitivity in a smaller field of view. The all-sky rate of GRBs above ∼0.15 ph cm −2 s −1 is ∼1400 yr −1 in the fully coded field of view of IBIS. Two groups are identified in the spectral lag distribution of INTEGRAL GRBs, one with short lags 0.75 s. Most of the long-lag GRBs are inferred to have low redshifts because of their long spectral lags, their tendency to have low peak energies, and their faint optical and X-ray afterglows. They are mainly observed in the direction of the supergalactic plane with a quadrupole moment of Q = −0.225 ± 0.090 and hence reflect the local large-scale structure of the Universe. Conclusions. The spectral, spatial, and temporal properties of the 47 GRBs in the INTEGRAL catalogue are presented and compared with the results from other missions. The rate of long-lag GRBs with inferred low luminosity is ∼25% of type Ib/c supernovae. Some of these bursts could be produced by the collapse of a massive star without a supernova. Alternatively, they could result from a different progenitor, such as the merger of two white dwarfs or a white dwarf with a neutron star or black hole, possibly in the cluster environment without a host galaxy.
Community orientation in primary care practices: Results from the Comparison of Models of Primary Health Care in Ontario Study.

OBJECTIVE To determine which of 4 organizational models of primary care in Ontario were more community oriented. DESIGN Cross-sectional investigation using practice and provider surveys derived from the Primary Care Assessment Tool, with nested qualitative case studies (2 practices per model). SETTING Thirty-five fee-for-service family practices (including family health groups), 32 health service organizations, 35 family health networks, and 35 community health centres (CHCs) in Ontario. PARTICIPANTS A total of 137 practices and 363 providers. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Community orientation (CO) was assessed from the perspectives of the practices and the providers working in them. Practice CO scores reflect activities that practices use to reach out to their communities, assess the needs of their communities, and monitor or evaluate the effectiveness of their programs and services. The self-rated provider CO score reflects providers' participation in home visits and their perceptions of their own degree of CO. RESULTS At the practice level, CHCs had significantly higher CO scores than the other models did (P < .001 for most differences); in fact, the other models rarely reported meaningful levels of CO. Self-rated provider CO scores were also higher in CHCs, but were present in other models as well. CONCLUSION Primary care providers in Ontario give themselves high ratings for CO; however, indicators of CO activity at the practice level were found to a significantly higher degree in CHCs than in the other models.
What’s in it for the cats?: cat shows as serious leisure from a multispecies perspective

ABSTRACT The breeding and showing of pedigree cats provides a novel lens through which to explore more-than-human intersections within leisure. Based on multispecies ethnographic fieldwork at multiple cat shows across the United Kingdom and on interviews with those who breed and exhibit cats, this article explores the relevance of the concept of ‘serious leisure’ to the ‘hobby’ of cat showing and asks ‘what’s in it for the cats? ’ For the human participants, it provides opportunities for social interaction, knowledge and skill progression, as well as contributing to individual and collective identities. There are also substantial costs to this form of engagement for the human, but particularly, I argue, for the feline competitors. This article asserts that human leisure needs are given precedence over the well-being of feline individuals. Exhibition spaces and show requirements present substantial challenges for many of the cats involved and can limit, or even deny altogether, the expression of feline agency. This is not to state that there are not relations based on intersubjectivity between cats and humans in cat showing, but the focus of the activity and its power dynamics result in human interests being prioritised.
Evidence for a Selectively Regulated Prioritization Shift Depending on Walking Situations in Older Adults

Background: Older adults have increased risks of balance issues and falls when walking and performing turns in daily situations. Changes of prioritization during different walking situations associated with dual tasking may contribute to these deficits. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate whether older adults demonstrate changes of prioritization during different walking paths. Methods: In total, 1,054 subjects with an age range from 50 to 83 years were selected from the first follow-up visit of the TREND (Tuebinger evaluation of Risk factors for Early detection of Neurodegenerative Disorders) study. They were classified according to their performance on the Trail Making Test (TMT) into good and poor TMT performers (based on recent results showing that cognitive flexibility affects prioritization strategies during straight walking). Absolute dual-task performance and relative dual-task costs (DTC, relative performance under dual-task conditions compared with single-task conditions) were assessed in two paradigms: walking while subtracting serial 7 s and walking while checking boxes on a clipboard. Both tasks were performed on straight and curved paths. Results: Overall, the poor TMT performers group performed worse in all single and dual tasks. Interestingly, the relative change in performance measured by dual-task costs differed in the groups between the two walking paths. On straight paths, poor TMT performers had a similar DTC of walking to that of good performers (p = 0.10) but had a significantly lower DTC of subtracting (p = 0.02). On curved paths, poor performers had a similar DTC of subtracting (p = 0.10), but their DTC of walking was significantly higher (p < 0.0001). Conclusion: Given that walking on curved paths is considered more difficult than that on straight paths and that the serial subtracting dual task is more difficult than the box checking dual task, this study in older adults provides evidence for the existence of a (walking) situation-dependent change of prioritization. If confirmed in other studies, situation-dependent change of prioritization should be included as a potential factor contributing to gait and balance impairments, and increased fall risk in older adults.
The Structure of Proton, Spin Crisis and Partonic Plasma

Here, within the Scale-Symmetric Theory (SST), is presented some recapitulation concerning structure of proton. It shows that distribution of gluons described within the Quantum Chromodynamics is incorrect - there appears the spin crisis. The SST shows that there appear three super-dense fields composed of the carriers of gluons i.e. of the luminal Einstein-spacetime components i.e. of the neutrino-antineutrino pairs. The three super-dense gluon fields follow from the short-distance quantum entanglement and/or confinement of the Einstein-spacetime components and they are as follows: the torus/charge (its surface mass density is about 300,000 times higher than a plane in the Einstein spacetime; external radius is about 0.7 fm), central condensate (its mass density is about 3 times greater than 23 powers of ten kilograms per cubic meter; radius is about 0.009 fm) and relativistic pion on the S orbit (radius of the orbit is about 1.2 fm). Range of the strong interactions is about 3 fm. Within such model we calculated the rigorous mass, spin and two radii (the electron radius and muon radius) of proton. The torus/charge is spinning and its spin is half-integral. We can compare the densities of the super-dense gluon fields with the mean mass density of proton on assumption that its radius is the range of the strong interactions: about 1.54 times greater than 16 powers of ten kilograms per cubic meter. Barbara Jacak, a professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley, claims that the much faster than expected formation of baryonic-plasma droplets and the spin crisis follow from existence of a super-dense gluon field instead discrete gluons - it is consistent with SST. Here as well are calculated the fundamental quantities characteristic for partonic plasma - they are consistent with the PHENIX data. Among other things, a puzzle of anomalous enhancement of (anti)protons relative to pions is solved.
Robust photometric redshift determinations of gamma-ray burst afterglows at z greater than or similar to 2

Context. Theory suggests that about 10% of Swift-detected gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) will originate at redshifts, z, greater than 5 yet a number of high redshift candidates may be left unconfirmed due to the lack of measured redshifts. Aims. Here we introduce our code, GRBz, a method of simultaneous multi-parameter fitting of GRB afterglow optical and near infrared, spectral energy distributions. It allows for early determinations of the photometric redshift, spectral index and host extinction to be made. Methods. We assume that GRB afterglow spectra are well represented by a power-law decay and model the effects of absorption due to the Lyman forest and host extinction. We use a genetic algorithm-based routine to simultaneously fit the parameters of interest, and a Monte Carlo error analysis. Results. We use GRBs of previously determined spectroscopic redshifts to prove our method, while also introducing new near infrared data of GRB 990510 which further constrains the value of the host extinction. Conclusions. Our method is effective in estimating the photometric redshift of GRBs, relatively unbiased by assumptions of the afterglow spectral index or the host galaxy extinction. Monte Carlo error analysis is required as the method of error estimate based on the optimum population of the genetic algorithm underestimates errors significantly.
Combined profiling: practical collection of feedback information for code optimization

Feedback-directed optimization (FDO) depends on profiling information that is representative of a typical execution of a given application. For most applications of interest, multiple data inputs need to be used to characterize the typical behavior of the program. Thus, profiling information from multiple runs of the program needs to be combined. We are working on a new methodology to produce statistically sound combined profiles from multiple runs of a program. This paper presents the motivation for combined profiling (CP), the requirements for a practical and useful methodology to combine profiles, and introduces the principal ideas under development for the creation of this methodology. We are currently working on implementations of CP in both the LLVM compiler and the IBM XL suite of compilers.
Formalization of generics for the .NET common language runtime

We present a formalization of the implementation of generics in the . NET Common Language Runtime (CLR), focusing on two novel aspectsof the implementation: mixed specialization and sharing, and efficient support for run-time types. Some crucial constructs used in the implementation are dictionaries and run-time type representations. We formalize these aspects type-theoretically in a way that corresponds in spirit to the implementation techniques used in practice. Both the techniques and the formalization also help us understand the range of possible implementation techniques for other languages, e.g., ML, especially when additional source language constructs such as run-time types are supported. A useful by-product of this study is a type system for a subset of the polymorphic IL proposed for the . NET CLR.
On Scalable Shape Analysis

Shape analysis is a precise form of pointer analysis, which can be used to verify deep properties of data structures such as whether or not they are cyclic, whether they are nested, etc. Shape analyses are also expensive, and the tremendous number of abstract states they generate is an impediment to their use in verification of sizeable programs. We start with an analysis that is able to analyze programs up to 1000 lines manipulating complex, nested structures, and progressively improve it until it is capable of analyzing programs of up to 10,000 lines. By experimental results we show that our analysis is precise. It identifies memory safety errors and memory leaks in several Windows and Linux device drivers and, after these bugs are fixed, it automatically proves integrity of pointer manipulation for these drivers. This order of magnitude improvement in sizes of programs verified is obtained by combining several ideas. One is the local reasoning idea of separation logic, which reduces recomputation of analysis of procedure bodies, and which allows efficient transfer functions for primitive program statements. Another is an interprocedural analysis algorithm which aggressively discards intermediate states. The most important new technical contribution of the work is a new join operator, which greatly reduces the number of
Reader Self-Perceptions of Secondary Students With and At Risk for Emotional and Behavioral Disorders

Perception of one’s ability as a reader is a key construct for improving adolescent literacy outcomes, but this research has not yet been extended to students with disabilities. The current study attempted to address this research gap with a sample of 152 secondary students with and at risk for emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD). Results include a description of these students’ reader self-perceptions, a comparison to a larger sample of students without EBD, and exploration of variables associated with self-perceptions of reading ability. Demographic variables (e.g., sex, race), degree of behavior problems, and physiological states were significant predictors of self-perceptions. Discussion focuses on how practitioners can assess students’ self-perceptions to guide their instruction and on future directions for research.
Dopamine transport function is elevated in cocaine users

Dopaminergic transmission has been suggested to be a primary mechanism mediating reinforcement, withdrawal and craving associated with psychostimulant addiction. Pyschostimulants attenuate dopamine transporter (DAT) clearance efficiency, resulting in a net increase in synaptic dopamine levels. Re‐uptake rate is determined by the number of functional DAT molecules at the membrane surface. Previous in vivo imaging studies in humans and in vitro studies in post‐mortem human brain have demonstrated that chronic cocaine abuse results in a neuroadaptive increase in DAT‐binding site density in the limbic striatum. Whether this increase in DAT availability represents an increase in the functional activity of the transporter is unknown. Here, we present evidence that DAT function is elevated by chronic cocaine abuse. The effect of increasing post‐mortem interval on the functional viability of synaptosomes was modeled in the baboon brain. Baboon brains sampled under conditions similar to human brain autopsies yielded synaptosomal preparations that were viable up to 24 h post‐mortem. Dopamine (DA) uptake was elevated twofold in the ventral striatum from cocaine users as compared to age‐matched drug‐free control subjects. The levels of [3H]DA uptake were not elevated in victims of excited cocaine delirium, who experienced paranoia and marked agitation prior to death. In keeping with the increase in DAT function, [3H]WIN 35,428 binding was increased in the cocaine users, but not in the victims of excited delirium. These results demonstrate that DA uptake function assayed in cryopreserved human brain synaptosomes is a suitable approach for testing hypotheses of the mechanisms underlying human brain disorders and for studying the actions of addictive drugs in man.
Sustainability Disclosure, Dominant Owners and Earnings Informativeness

Focusing on an environment where ownership concentration is prevalent and where sustainability disclosure is not a new phenomenon, we investigate the effect that communication via social responsibility reporting has on earnings informativeness. We further address the moderating role of the dominant owner’s voting-cash flow wedge in the relation between sustainability disclosure and earnings informativeness.We show that communication via social responsibility reporting provides additional information to market participants to assess earnings informativeness. Furthermore, we show that the positive relationship between sustainability reporting and earnings informativeness intensifies as the dominant owner’s voting-cash flow wedge increases. Our results are consistent with sustainability disclosure reducing investors’ and other stakeholders’ uncertainty, thereby helping them better interpret financial information.
Biochemical Properties and Possible Roles of Ectophosphatase Activities in Fungi

Ectophosphatases are surface membrane-bound proteins whose active sites face the extracellular medium. These enzymes have been reported in several microorganisms including a large number of medically relevant fungal species. An effective technique for identifying ectophosphatases is performing phosphatase activity assays using living intact cells. Biochemical characterization of these activities has shown their differential modulation by classical phosphatase inhibitors, divalent metals and pH range. The physiological roles of ectophosphatases are not well established; however, it has been suggested that these enzymes play important roles in nutrition, proliferation, differentiation, adhesion, virulence and infection. Adhesion to host cells is the first step in establishing a fungal infection and ectophosphatases may be one of the first parasite proteins that come into contact with the host cells. Several results indicate that ectophosphatase activities increase the capacity of fungi to adhere to the host cells. In this context, the present review provides an overview of recent discoveries related to the occurrence and possible roles of ectophosphatase activities in fungal cells.
Towards ad-hoc circles in social networking sites

Social Networking Sites (SNSs) allow users to publish posts to certain user-defined circles (sets of users). However, existing SNS models are limited in several ways. First, it is not practical to predefine all circles a user will ever need for disseminating her posts. Second, existing SNSs do not currently have an effecitive mechanism for a user to create and/or customize dynamic (ad-hoc) circles for each publishing session. Third, SNSs do not have features to assist users to manage and use the circles in an easy way by considering the user's ever-changing habits accordingly. In this paper, we propose a novel model for creating ad-hoc circles as needs arise. We present a recommendation framework -- the Circle OpeRation RECommendaTion (CORRECT) framework -- to assist users in easily utilizing our proposed model. Contrary to current SNS offerings, our proposed model does not require a user to create an extensive list of predefined circles; instead, ad-hoc circles are recommended based on a few building-block circles the user has defined and historical ad-hoc circles the user has created.