Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Up‐regulation of adhesion and MHC molecules on splenic monocyte/macrophages in adult haemophagocytic syndrome

Haemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) has been associated with the abnormal activation of mono/macrophages and increased cytokine production. However, neither the phenotype of haemophagocytic monomacrophages nor the cellular origin of cytokine production have been described. We studied splenic monomacrophages and lymphocytes from five patients with HPS (two HIV− and three HIV+) and from controls without HPS (three normal HIV− and two pathological HIV+). Using flow‐cytometry, we observed a marked increase in the expression of MHC class I and II, M‐CSF‐receptor and adhesion molecules LFA‐1, LFA‐3, ICAM‐1 (P < 0.05) on HPS+ splenic monomacrophages compared to HPS−, which was independent of their HIV status. A high percentage of CD8+ lymphocytes from 4/5 HPS+ patients produced TNFα and IFNγ, but no IL‐6 upon in‐vitro activation. In a fifth patient CD4+ but not CD8+ lymphocytes produced these cytokines. Although other cytokines might be involved in the pathophysiology of HPS as suggested by the high expression of M‐CSF‐receptor, these results suggest that TNFα and IFNγ secretion by T cells might play a role in the up‐regulation of adhesion and MHC molecules on monomacrophages from HPS.
Instructional and Learner Factors Influencing Learning Outcomes within Online Learning Environment.

Among many studies focusing on the effect of learner and instructional variables on learning outcomes, few studies have investigated the learners’ study habits and the mediating mechanisms among the learner and instruction variables in their influence on learning satisfaction and outcomes. This study examined differences in learning satisfaction and outcomes based on learner characteristics and study habits and the effects of instructional and learner variables on the course outcomes for an online course.
Top-k Query Processing and Malicious Node Identification against Data Replacement Attack in MANETs

In mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), it is effective for mobile nodes to retrieve data items using top-k queries, in which data items are ordered according to a particular attribute score, and the query-issuing node acquires the data items with the k highest scores. However, accurate results may not be acquired in environments where malicious nodes are present. In top-k queries, it is important to neutralize attacks in which malicious nodes attempt to replace necessary data items with unnecessary ones (we call these, data replacement attacks). In this paper, we propose methods for top-k query processing and malicious node identification against data replacement attack in MANETs. In the top-k query processing method, in order to maintain accuracy of the query result, nodes reply with data items with the k highest scores, along multiple routes. Moreover, to enable detection of data replacement attacks, reply messages include information on the route along which reply messages are forwarded, and thus the query-issuing node can know the data items that properly belong to the message. In the malicious node identification method, the query-issuing node first narrows down the malicious node candidates, using the received message information, and then requests information on the data items sent by these candidates. In this way, the query-issuing node can identify the malicious node. Finally, we verify, through simulation experiments, that the proposed top-k query processing method achieves high accuracy of the query result, and that the malicious node identification method effectively identifies a malicious node.
Minus-end capture of preformed kinetochore fibers contributes to spindle morphogenesis

Near-simultaneous three-dimensional fluorescence/differential interference contrast microscopy was used to follow the behavior of microtubules and chromosomes in living α-tubulin/GFP-expressing cells after inhibition of the mitotic kinesin Eg5 with monastrol. Kinetochore fibers (K-fibers) were frequently observed forming in association with chromosomes both during monastrol treatment and after monastrol removal. Surprisingly, these K-fibers were oriented away from, and not directly connected to, centrosomes and incorporated into the spindle by the sliding of their distal ends toward centrosomes via a NuMA-dependent mechanism. Similar preformed K-fibers were also observed during spindle formation in untreated cells. In addition, upon monastrol removal, centrosomes established a transient chromosome-free bipolar array whose orientation specified the axis along which chromosomes segregated. We propose that the capture and incorporation of preformed K-fibers complements the microtubule plus-end capture mechanism and contributes to spindle formation in vertebrates.
A MODERATED MODEL OF THE JOB SATISFACTION AND TURNOVER INTENTIONS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN EMPLOYEES: INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF PERCEPTIONS OF FIT AND RACIAL CLIMATE IN THE THEORY OF WORK ADJUSTMENT

Title of Dissertation: A MODERATED MODEL OF THE JOB SATISFACTION AND TURNOVER INTENTIONS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN EMPLOYEES: INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF PERCEPTIONS OF FIT AND RACIAL CLIMATE IN THE THEORY OF WORK ADJUSTMENT Heather Zoe Lyons, Doctor of Philosophy, 2003 Dissertation directed by: Professor Karen O’Brien Department of Psychology The work lives of African Americans are understudied (Brown, 1995; Fitzgerald & Betz, 1994). The purpose of the present study is to address this dearth in the literature in three ways: (a) providing descriptive data related to the work experiences of AfricanAmerican employees, (b) incorporating racial climate into the Theory of Work Adjustment, a theoretically-based model that predicts employee job satisfaction and turnover intentions, and (c) attempting to address methodological limitations raised in this body of literature. Self-report data were collected from African American employees (n=212), assessing their levels of perceptions of fit, sense of departmental racial climate, job satisfaction, and intentions to quit. In two separate regression equations, perceptions of fit predicted job satisfaction (R=.43) and intentions to quit (R=.17). However, racial climate did not emerge as a moderator, as hypothesized. Implications for practice and research as well as limitations are addressed. A MODERATED MODEL OF THE JOB SATISFACTION AND TURNOVER INTENTIONS OF AFRICAN-AMERICAN EMPLOYEES: INVESTIGATING THE ROLE OF PERCEPTIONS OF FIT AND RACIAL CLIMATE IN THE THEORY OF WORK ADJUSTMENT
Cycling-Induced Charge Trapping/Detrapping in Flash Memories—Part I: Experimental Evidence

By using our 16-nm NAND Flash technology as a test vehicle, in this paper, we summarize all the experimental evidence that we have gathered so far on the phenomenology of cycling-induced charge trapping/detrapping in Flash memories. In particular, results from experiments conceived to explore the dependence of charge detrapping on cell memory state reveal that the phenomenon involves more than the simple capture and emission of charge carriers in tunnel-oxide defects. Besides, the thermal activation of charge trapping is highlighted for the first time, along with the detailed dynamics leading to the increase of the trapped charge as cell cycling proceeds. These results allow to lay some cornerstones for the microscopic description of cyclinginduced charge trapping/detrapping in Flash memories. From these cornerstones, in the companion paper (Resnati et al., 2016), a new physical picture for the trapping/detrapping processes will be proposed and implemented in a statistical model able to reproduce their corresponding threshold-voltage instabilities over array lifetime.
Prototype energy harvesting wheel speed sensor for anti-lock braking

An energy harvesting wireless wheel speed sensor is presented, which implements two basic functions for anti-lock braking, namely periodic transmission of wheel speed information and near real-time detection of the start/stop of wheel rotation. The prototype sensor is powered by reusing a commercially available variable reluctance electromagnetic speed sensor as an energy harvesting transducer. In an experimental setup, a maximum harvestable power of ~1 mW from the transducer (at a wheel rotational speed of ~ 300 RPM) has been measured which has been used for powering the autonomous sensor. Each recurrent operation in the (prototype) autonomous sensor consumes a maximum of ~23 mW of power in bursts for ~3 ms, and a simple statistical model of wheel behavior has been proposed based on which the average power consumption of the sensor has been calculated.
Robust Estimation for Zero‐Inflated Poisson Regression

Abstract. The zero‐inflated Poisson regression model is a special case of finite mixture models that is useful for count data containing many zeros. Typically, maximum likelihood (ML) estimation is used for fitting such models. However, it is well known that the ML estimator is highly sensitive to the presence of outliers and can become unstable when mixture components are poorly separated. In this paper, we propose an alternative robust estimation approach, robust expectation‐solution (RES) estimation. We compare the RES approach with an existing robust approach, minimum Hellinger distance (MHD) estimation. Simulation results indicate that both methods improve on ML when outliers are present and/or when the mixture components are poorly separated. However, the RES approach is more efficient in all the scenarios we considered. In addition, the RES method is shown to yield consistent and asymptotically normal estimators and, in contrast to MHD, can be applied quite generally.
Asian international students' ethnic identity, spirituality, acculturation, and experience of racism: relationship with attitude toward seeking professional therapeutic help

The number of international students continues to grow in the United States, especially students from the Asian continent. However, research continues to show that Asian international students tend to under-use therapeutic services, even though they experience many of the common problems that all students face entering college. Before mental health practitioners and therapists can effectively work with these students, they need to understand international students in terms of their attitudes toward seeking professional therapeutic help and various proximal variables that may influence their attitudes. The present study examined the relationship between ethnic identity, spirituality, acculturation, and racism with attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help. In addition, demographic variables such as age, gender, length of stay, and origins were also
Inhibition of protein kinase C reduces ischemia‐induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor

The role of protein kinase C (PKC) in tyrosine phosphorylation of the N‐methyl‐d‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR) following transient cerebral ischemia was investigated. Transient (15 min) cerebral ischemia was produced in adult rats by four‐vessel occlusion and animals allowed to recover for 15 or 45 min. Following ischemia, tyrosine phosphorylation of NR2A and NR2B and activated Src‐family kinases (SFKs) and Pyk2 were increased in post‐synaptic densities (PSDs). Phosphorylation of NR2B on Y1472 by PSDs isolated from post‐ischemic forebrains was inhibited by the SFK specific inhibitor PP2, and by the PKC inhibitors GF109203X (GF), Gö6976 and calphostin C. Intravenous injection of GF immediately following the ischemic challenge resulted in decreased phosphorylation of NR1 on PKC phosphorylation sites and reduced ischemia‐induced increases in tyrosine phosphorylation of NR2A and NR2B without affecting the increase in total tyrosine phosphorylation of hippocampal proteins. Ischemia‐induced increases in activated Pyk2 and SFKs in PSDs, but not the translocation of PKC, Pyk2 or Src to the PSD, were also inhibited by GF. The inactive homologue of GF, bisindolylmaleimide V, had no effect on these parameters. The results are consistent with a role for PKC in the ischemia‐induced increase in tyrosine phosphorylation of the NMDAR, via a pathway involving Pyk2 and Src‐family kinases.
Cdx1 refines positional identity of the vertebrate hindbrain by directly repressing Mafb expression

An interplay of transcription factors interprets signalling pathways to define anteroposterior positions along the vertebrate axis. In the hindbrain, these transcription factors prompt the position-appropriate appearance of seven to eight segmental structures, known as rhombomeres (r1-r8). The evolutionarily conserved Cdx caudal-type homeodomain transcription factors help specify the vertebrate trunk and tail but have not been shown to directly regulate hindbrain patterning genes. Mafb (Kreisler, Krml1, valentino), a basic domain leucine zipper transcription factor, is required for development of r5 and r6 and is the first gene to show restricted expression within these two segments. The homeodomain protein vHnf1 (Hnf1b) directly activates Mafb expression. vHnf1 and Mafb share an anterior expression limit at the r4/r5 boundary but vHnf1 expression extends beyond the posterior limit of Mafb and, therefore, cannot establish the posterior Mafb expression boundary. Upon identifying regulatory sequences responsible for posterior Mafb repression, we have used in situ hybridization, immunofluorescence and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analyses to determine that Cdx1 directly inhibits early Mafb expression in the neural tube posterior of the r6/r7 boundary, which is the anteriormost boundary of Cdx1 expression in the hindbrain. Cdx1 dependent repression of Mafb is transient. After the 10-somite stage, another mechanism acts to restrict Mafb expression in its normal r5 and r6 domain, even in the absence of Cdx1. Our findings identify Mafb as one of the earliest direct targets of Cdx1 and show that Cdx1 plays a direct role in early hindbrain patterning. Thus, just as Cdx2 and Cdx4 govern the trunk-to-tail transition, Cdx1 may regulate the hindbrain-to-spinal cord transition.
Efecto de un programa educativo en la habilidad de cuidado de los cuidadores familiares de personas en situación crónica de enfermedad

El estudio corresponde a un diseno tipo cuasiexperimental con abordaje cuantitativo. Pretende medir el efecto de un programa educativo de apoyo en la habilidad de cuidado de los cuidadores familiares de pacientes en situacion de enfermedad cronica mediante la utilizacion del CAI (Caring Hability Inventory) de Ngozi NKongho se estructura en cuatro fases: la primera, comprende la medicion inicial de la habilidad del cuidado de los cuidadores participantes; la segunda, corresponde a la implementacion de programa educativo estructurado por los autores del estudio; la tercera , se efectua la medicion final de la habilidad una vez finalizado el programa educativo, y en la cuarta, se desarrollo el analisis comparativo entre los resultados iniciales y los finales obtenidos en la muestra. Respecto a la habilidad total, se encontro que la aplicacion del programa educativo para os cuidadores familiares de personas en situacion cronica de enfermedad, presento un efecto estadistico ignificativo. Al realizar el analisis comparativo por categorias se observa un efecto estadistico significativo en la categoria de valor (t: 2.81). Sobre las categorias de conocimiento y paciencia, se observo una reubicacion en el numero de cuidadores hacia el nivel optimo con la implementacion del programa. Palabras claves: Cuidadores familiares, programas educativos, Habilidad de cuidado. SUMMARY The design applied to the present study, is of traverse descriptive type with quantitative boarding that has as purpose, to determine the effect of an educational program in the invigoration of the ability of 40 caretakers’ care, which was developed in four stages: the first one, understands the initial mensuration of the ability of care by means of the application of the Inventory of the Ability of Care “, elaborated by the doctor Ngozi O. Nkongho in an administered way car, the second, correspond to the implementation of the educational program, in third o’clock, the final mensuration of the ability is made once concluded the educational program, and in the fourth, you development the comparative analysis among the results iniciales and the ends obtained by the sample. Regarding the total ability, it was found that the application of the educational program for the family caretakers of people in chronic situation of illness, presented a significant statistical effect. When carrying out the comparative analysis for categories a significant statistical effect it is observed in the category of value (t: 2.81). regarding the categories of knowledge and of patience, a relocation was observed in the number of caretakers toward the good level with the implementation of the program; however, when carrying out the statistical comparison, a significant effect of the same one is not evidenced in the ability level of these two components (t: 1.16 and t:1.32 respectively). Keywords : family caregivers, educational programs, ability to care.
Effect of storage and cooking on the fatty acid profile of omega-3 enriched eggs and pork meat marketed in Belgium

The fatty acids (FA) profile was determined in n-3 enriched (Columbus™) Belgian eggs and pork in order to evaluate to what extent the n-3 fatty acids, which are very sensitive to oxidation, are resistant to storage or cooking. In standard eggs or pork, no change of the fatty acid profile was observed after storage or cooking without culinary fat, as well as in Columbus™ eggs and pork after storage. Some cooking processes (eggs in custard and meat in oven) induced a slight significant loss of n-3 fatty acids in Columbus™ eggs or pork (11.1% in fat from eggs cooked in custard vs. 15.3% in raw Columbus™ eggs and 11.0% in fat from oven cooked meat vs. 11.6% in raw Columbus™ meat). As expected, when Columbus™ pork is cooked with culinary fat, its fatty acid profile is modified according to the nature of the fat used.
Have Filipino Households Become Less Prudent?

Abstract Throughout the 2000s, the average household saving rate in the Philippines declined sharply. This article explains why households' consumption growth has been higher than income growth during this period. Tracing cohorts shows that saving declined across all demographic groups. A test that provides the strength of the precautionary saving motive yields a plausible explanation that households have become financially constrained and less prudent in recent years. This article argues that these patterns are best explained by the extended coverage of the social security system particularly to informal sector employees during the 1990s in the Philippines.
Phenylbutyrate up-regulates the adrenoleukodystrophy-related gene as a nonclassical peroxisome proliferator

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy (X-ALD) is a demyelinating disease due to mutations in the ABCD1 (ALD) gene, encoding a peroxisomal ATP-binding cassette transporter (ALDP). Overexpression of adrenoleukodystrophy-related protein, an ALDP homologue encoded by the ABCD2 (adrenoleukodystrophy-related) gene, can compensate for ALDP deficiency. 4-Phenylbutyrate (PBA) has been shown to induce both ABCD2 expression and peroxisome proliferation in human fibroblasts. We show that peroxisome proliferation with unusual shapes and clusters occurred in liver of PBA-treated rodents in a PPARα-independent way. PBA activated Abcd2 in cultured glial cells, making PBA a candidate drug for therapy of X-ALD. The Abcd2 induction observed was partially PPARα independent in hepatocytes and totally independent in fibroblasts. We demonstrate that a GC box and a CCAAT box of the Abcd2 promoter are the key elements of the PBA-dependent Abcd2 induction, histone deacetylase (HDAC)1 being recruited by the GC box. Thus, PBA is a nonclassical peroxisome proliferator inducing pleiotropic effects, including effects at the peroxisomal level mainly through HDAC inhibition.
Reflective Coaching Interventions for Athletic Excellence

The coach - athlete relationship can be regarded as an imparting of technical skills and mentoring from coach to athlete. In a healthy coach - athlete relationship, both people learn to coordinate their respective skills by appreciating each other's technical and disposition attributes. Earlier developmental weaknesses and trauma, for either member, caused as a result of respective family of origin experiences, or other formative experiences, can be healed through an appreciation of self- and other awareness. Conversely, a lack of self- and other reflectivity can foster a harmful relationship where both people experience and perpetuate psychological and affective damage within themselves and each other. The intention with this paper is twofold. One is to provide a framework to foster improved coach self- and other reflectivity. The second purpose is to provide intervention-based guidelines for improved coach - athlete development and excellence.
Adaptive solution of partial di erential equations in multiwavelet bases

We construct multiresolution representations of derivative and exponential operators with linear boundary conditions in multiwavelet bases and use them to develop a simple, adaptive scheme for the solution of nonlinear, time-dependent partial differential equations. The emphasis on hierarchical representations of functions on intervals helps to address issues of both high-order approximation and efficient application of integral operators, and the lack of regularity of multiwavelets does not preclude their use in representing differential operators. Comparisons with finite difference, finite element, and spectral element methods are presented, as are numerical examples with the heat equation and Burgers' equation.
Brain Injury and Cerebral Lateralization

Life span studies1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 have shown that the population percentage of left-handers diminishes steadily, so that they are drastically underrepresented in the oldest age groups. This population trend suggests the reduced longevity of left-handers9. Coren and Halpern (1991) suggest that some of the elevated risk for left-handers is apparently due to environmental factors that elevate their accident susceptibility. Also, left-handedness may be a marker for birth stress related neuropathy, developmental delays and irregularities, and deficiencies in the immune system due to the intrauterine hormonal environment. Halpern and Coren (1990) have argued that left-handedness is associated with a younger age at death10. Coren (1989) and Halpern and Coren (1991) reported that left-handers were more susceptible to accident-related injuries and more left-handers died in accidents than righthanders11,12. Zverev and Adeloye (2001) reported that left-handedness as a risk factor for head injuries obtained during confrontation activities13. Also, an increased prevalence of left hand preference was noted in a population of patients having traumatic brain injuries (MacNiven, 1994)14. Dane, Karsan and Can (1999) showed that left-handers may be more susceptible to sport-related injuries15. Graham and Cleveland (1995) and Wright, Williams, Currie and Beattie (1996) suggested that left-handedness appears to be a risk factor for injury among adolescent school athletes16,17. Also, left-handed locomotive drivers were more likely to be involved in accidents (Bhushan & Khan, 2006)18. Also, Canakci, Akgul, Akgul, and Canakci (2003) reported that left-handed participants had a significantly higher dental trauma risk than right-handedness19. Dagistan, Gursoy, Cakur, Miloglu, Harorli, and Dane (2009) also studied the relation of left-handedness and risk of dental trauma in professional boxers20. The left-handed boxers had the higher dental trauma risk than right handed ones. Also, the rate of left-handedness was elevated in men diagnosed with fractures than for all other male patients (Stellman, Wynder, DeRose & Muscat, 1997)21 and it was demonstrated that the non right-handers were at greater risk for bone breaks and fractures (Coren & Previc, 1996)22.