Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enhanced terrestrial carbon uptake in the Northern High Latitudes in the 21st century from the Coupled Carbon Cycle Climate Model Intercomparison Project model projections

The ongoing and projected warming in the northern high latitudes (NHL; poleward of 60 °N) may lead to dramatic changes in the terrestrial carbon cycle. On the one hand, warming and increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration stimulate vegetation productivity, taking up CO2. On the other hand, warming accelerates the decomposition of soil organic matter (SOM), releasing carbon into the atmosphere. Here, the NHL terrestrial carbon storage is investigated based on 10 models from the Coupled Carbon Cycle Climate Model Intercomparison Project. Our analysis suggests that the NHL will be a carbon sink of 0.3 ± 0.3 Pg C yr−1 by 2100. The cumulative land organic carbon storage is modeled to increase by 38 ± 20 Pg C over 1901 levels, of which 17 ± 8 Pg C comes from vegetation (43%) and 21 ± 16 Pg C from the soil (8%). Both CO2 fertilization and warming enhance vegetation growth in the NHL. Although the intense warming there enhances SOM decomposition, soil organic carbon (SOC) storage continues to increase in the 21st century. This is because higher vegetation productivity leads to more turnover (litterfall) into the soil, a process that has received relatively little attention. However, the projected growth rate of SOC begins to level off after 2060 when SOM decomposition accelerates at high temperature and then catches up with the increasing input from vegetation turnover. Such competing mechanisms may lead to a switch of the NHL SOC pool from a sink to a source after 2100 under more intense warming, but large uncertainty exists due to our incomplete understanding of processes such as the strength of the CO2 fertilization effect, permafrost, and the role of soil moisture. Unlike the CO2 fertilization effect that enhances vegetation productivity across the world, global warming increases the productivity at high latitudes but tends to reduce it in the tropics and mid‐latitudes. These effects are further enhanced as a result of positive carbon cycle–climate feedbacks due to additional CO2 and warming.
Jeffreys divergence between state models: Application to target tracking using multiple models

In the field of recursive estimation, the choice of the state model has a significant impact on the algorithm performance. Multiple Model (MM) approaches partly address this issue. However, the improvement over a single-model based estimator directly depends on the considered model set. It was theoretically shown that using either too many or too few models can degrade the estimation accuracy. In addition, the diversity of the selected models plays a crucial role. The contribution of this paper is twofold. 1/ We propose to use the Jeffreys divergence (JD) to measure the degree of mismatch between two models. We derive its recursive expression when the state vector is a priori modeled as a Markov chain. Then, we focus our attention on tracking applications and provide a detailed analysis of the JD between classical motion models. 2/ We investigate the impact of the similarity between the set of possible models on the estimation error of a MM algorithm. This survey can hence serve as a guideline for model set design.
Eudragit L/HPMCAS Blend Enteric-Coated Lansoprazole Pellets: Enhanced Drug Stability and Oral Bioavailability

The objectives of the present work were to use blends of Eudragit L and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose acetate succinate (HPMCAS) as enteric film coatings for lansoprazole (LSP) pellets. The enteric-coated pellets were prepared with a fluid-bed coater. The influence of the blend ratio, type of plasticizer, plasticizer level, coating level, and curing conditions on gastric stability in vitro drug release and drug stability was evaluated. Furthermore, the bioavailability of the blend-coated pellets in beagle dogs was also performed. The blend-coated pellets exhibited significant improvement of gastric stability and drug stability compared to the pure polymer-coated pellets. Moreover, the AUC values of blend-coated pellets were greater than that of the pure polymer-coated pellets. It was concluded that the using blends of Eudragit L and HPMCAS as enteric film coatings for LSP pellets improved the drug stability and oral bioavailability.
SoapME: a lightweight Java ME web service container

With ubiquitous computing becoming reality there is a great potential of computing power in the surroundings. This can be provided by mobile devices such as mobile phones and PDAs building spontaneous networks. For service provisioning, Web services are an accepted standard. We advocate that these can also be used in ubiquitous scenarios. In this paper, we present SoapME, a novel SOAPbased Web service container for Java ME. SoapME is very lightweight and supports resource-limited devices running only Java ME CLDC. Unlike related work, it provides dynamic deployment of SOAP-based Web services at runtime. Our SoapME prototype provides several extension points, for instance for invocation interception. It shows reasonable performance on a mobile phone and is compliant to the standard SOAP test collection specification.
Determinants of Redistributive Politics : An Empirical Analysis of Land Reforms in West Bengal , India

We investigate political determinants of land reform implementation in the Indian state of West Bengal. Using a village panel spanning 1974–98, we do not find evidence supporting the hypothesis that land reforms were positively and monotonically related to control of local governments by a Left-front coalition vis-a-vis the right-centrist Congress party, combined with lack of commitment to policy platforms. Instead, the evidence is consistent with a quasi-Downsian theory stressing the role of opportunism (re-election concerns) and electoral competition.
Pengembangan Model Pendidikan Karakter Di Lingkungan Keluarga

Abstract Education in the family is the foundation of the first and foremost. Parents as first and foremost educators should provide teaching, habituation, modeling, motivation and good enforcement of rules for their children because by providing a process of character education that is good for their children will give effect to the development of the child's character. Meanwhile, by inculcating and internalizing the moral values of Khaliq and makhluq to the children through the process of character education in the form of teaching, habituation, modeling, motivation, and enforcement of the rules in daily life carried out continuously at home, school and community, it will form a child with character noble. So that, in the end, can realize the purpose of human life according to Islam is as Abdullah and Khalifatullah (have a personality all aspects of it realize or reflect the teachings of Islam). Keywords: Model, Character Education, and Family Environment. Abstrak Pendidikan dalam keluarga merupakan pondasi yang paling pertama dan utama . Orang tua sebagai pendidik yang pertama dan utama hendaklah memberikan pengajaran, pembiasaan, peneladanan, pemotivasian dan penegakkan aturan yang baik bagi anak-anaknya, karena dengan memberikan proses pendidikan karakter yang baik bagi anak-anaknya akan memberikan pengaruh terhadap perkembangan karakter anak. Sementara itu dengan menanamkan dan menginternalisasikan nilai-nilai akhlak terhadap khaliq dan makhluq kepada anak melalui proses pendidikan karakter dalam bentuk pengajaran, pembiasaan, peneladanan, pemotivasian dan penegakkan aturan dalam kesehariannya dilakukan terus menerus di rumah, sekolah dan masyarakat, maka akan membentuk anak yang berkarakter mulia. Sehingga pada akhirnya dapat mewujudkan tujuan hidup manusia menurut Islam yaitu selaku abdullah dan khalifatullah (mempunyai kepribadian yang seluruh aspek-aspeknya merealisasikan atau mencerminkan ajaran Islam). Kata Kunci: Model, Pendidikan Karakter, dan Lingkungan Keluarga .
Identification Rate, Search and Memory Complexity Tradeoff: Fundamental Limits

In an information-theoretic framework, we introduce a two-stage decoding scheme capable of achieving identification capacity to address search and memory complexities in large-scale identification systems. This two-stage decoding procedure is accomplished as follows. For a given query, at the first stage, a list of cluster indices is estimated. Then, at the second stage, refinement checks are performed for all the members of the clusters to produce a single index. The first result this paper presents is the achievable rate quadruple region that specifies necessary conditions that the two-stage decoding scheme should satisfy to be able to achieve the identification capacity. The rest of this paper is designated to investigate various achievable rate quadruples in which the proposed two-stage identification setup can reduce the search complexity with respect to conventional identification setups.
Coastal homemaking: Navigating housing ideals, home realities, and more-than-human processes

As urban populations expand, high natural amenity locales—forests, bushland, and coasts—are being transformed into highly desired, lucrative locations for new housing. This paper examines what it means to live in such an environment, tallying between the realised dream of that lifestyle and the everyday challenges (financial and labour) of navigating the elements at home. To do so, we bring two conceptual approaches into conversation: cultural geographies of home and homemaking, recognising home as a more-than-human process; and architecturally inflected geographies of buildings, attendant to building materials and socio-technical practices of maintenance and repair. Drawing on semi-structured walking interviews with 24 residents of a new coastal housing development in southern Sydney, Australia, the paper examines how coastal conditions and elements accelerate material decay, inciting and directing everyday homemaking practices: both proactive, in material selection, and reactive, in cleaning, repairing, maintaining, and replacing. We conclude by considering the differing economic rationalities of navigating the elements, and subsequent implications for household sustainability.
Un Nuevo Algoritmo de Enrutamiento para Redes Ad Hoc Vehiculares

Este trabajo examina la importancia de las redes inalambricas ad hoc y el algoritmo de enrutamiento con inundacion basada en grupos (LORA-CBF) para la comunicacion inter-vehicular con la finalidad de optimizar el flujo de trafico e incrementar la seguridad en las autopistas. Se discute el algoritmo de enrutamiento LORA-CBF y se presentan los resultados de simulaciones realizadas en OPNET de una autopista con alta movilidad vehicular. Primero, el modelo de simulacion propuesto se valida a pequena escala con resultados experimentales. Posteriormente, se emplean simulaciones de nuestro modelo comparandolos con Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) y Dynamic Source Routing (DSR). Finalmente, se emplea un modelo de trafico microscopico desarrollado en OPNET para simular la movilidad de 250 vehiculos en una autopista y se aplica el algoritmo de enrutamiento LORA-CBF en un escenario vehicular.
Improving U.S. Endangered Species Act Recovery Plans: Key Findings and Recommendations of the SCB Recovery Plan Project

Abstract: To promote more effective recovery planning for species listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act ( ESA), the Society for Conservation Biology sponsored a systematic review of a large sample of ESA recovery plans. The review was conducted in collaboration with the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis, and 19 universities. We describe the genesis of the project and the development of the resulting database of information on ESA recovery plans. The project's primary goals were to characterize the content and attributes of recovery plans; to identify important differences, patterns, and trends among plans; and to use these results to develop recommendations for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service for improving recovery plans. We review key findings from published analyses of the project database and offer prioritized recommendations for improving recovery‐plan development and implementation. First, the use of science in recovery‐plan development and implementation could be improved by making threats a primary focus of plans, specifying adequate monitoring tasks for species status and recovery tasks, and ensuring that species trend data are current, quantitative, and documented. Second, recovery‐plan structure and development could be enhanced by keeping authorship teams small yet diverse, making existing administrative designations more biologically relevant, improving and standardizing the revision process, and reevaluating the use of multispecies plans. Third, agency resources and personnel could be better utilized by developing new recovery plan guidelines, assigning personnel explicit responsibility for overseeing plan implementation, expanding personnel training, and tracking expenditures in recovery programs. And fourth, several generic failings in the field of conservation biology could be addressed by reducing taxonomic bias and by collecting and fully integrating key biological information into recovery plans. The recovery‐plan project offers a model of how professional societies, universities, and government agencies can work together beneficially to address key issues in conservation biology.
The bZIP Transcription Factor MoAP1 Mediates the Oxidative Stress Response and Is Critical for Pathogenicity of the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Yap1 protein is an AP1-like transcription factor involved in the regulation of the oxidative stress response. An ortholog of Yap1, MoAP1, was recently identified from the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae genome. We found that MoAP1 is highly expressed in conidia and during invasive hyphal growth. The Moap1 mutant was sensitive to H2O2, similar to S. cerevisiae yap1 mutants, and MoAP1 complemented Yap1 function in resistance to H2O2, albeit partially. The Moap1 mutant also exhibited various defects in aerial hyphal growth, mycelial branching, conidia formation, the production of extracellular peroxidases and laccases, and melanin pigmentation. Consequently, the Moap1 mutant was unable to infect the host plant. The MoAP1-eGFP fusion protein is localized inside the nucleus upon exposure to H2O2, suggesting that MoAP1 also functions as a redox sensor. Moreover, through RNA sequence analysis, many MoAP1-regulated genes were identified, including several novel ones that were also involved in pathogenicity. Disruption of respective MGG_01662 (MoAAT) and MGG_02531 (encoding hypothetical protein) genes did not result in any detectable changes in conidial germination and appressorium formation but reduced pathogenicity, whereas the mutant strains of MGG_01230 (MoSSADH) and MGG_15157 (MoACT) showed marketed reductions in aerial hyphal growth, mycelial branching, and loss of conidiation as well as pathogenicity, similar to the Moap1 mutant. Taken together, our studies identify MoAP1 as a positive transcription factor that regulates transcriptions of MGG_01662, MGG_02531, MGG_01230, and MGG_15157 that are important in the growth, development, and pathogenicity of M. oryzae.
Advances in observer design for Takagi-Sugeno systems with unmeasurable premise variables

This paper proposes a new approach of observer design for nonlinear systems described by a Takagi-Sugeno model. Its main contribution concerns models with premise variables depending on the system states which are completely or partially unknown. This case is more difficult than when the premise variables are known or measured. Indeed, in this case, weighting functions of the observer depend on state estimates and the state estimation error is then governed by a Lipschitz nonlinear system. Here, two main results are established. Firstly, relaxed stability conditions are provided, using a nonquadratic Lyapunov function, to guarantee asymptotic stability of the observer. This aims to reduce the conservativeness compared to the existing works and enhance the maximal admissible Lipschitz constant for which the linear matrix inequality (LMI) conditions are feasible. Secondly, the Input-to-State Stability concept combined to a nonquadratic Lyapunov function are used to guarantee a bounded state estimation error which relaxes the conservativeness related to the Lipschitz constant. The robustness aspect is dealt with respect to some bounded modeling uncertainties and additive bounded perturbations. The stability conditions are expressed in terms of LMI.
The Development of Sexual Identity among Men Sexually Abused as Children

Men who were sexually abused in childhood often struggle with their sexual identity. Through in-depth life-history interviews, the authors present the thoughts, feelings, and misgivings of three men who were sexually abused as children and who tried to come to terms with their sexual identity. The abuse probably did not affect the sexual orientation of two of the subjects, but a third has been unsure of his sexual identity since his abuse experience.
V2me: Evaluating the first steps in mobile friendship coaching

Life events, such as retirement or being widowed, can change the social circle of older people considerably. It may be difficult to find new social contacts when one has never got used to, or perhaps even never learnt, to seek and maintain those contacts. Loneliness has many negative effects for well-being, including depression and even cardiovascular disease. The Ambient Assisted Living Joint Programme AAL-JP research project V2me seeks to find a solution for alleviating loneliness by means of easy-to-use technology including touch screen devices. The idea is to use a virtual coach for encouraging users to take an active role in contacting people and teaching them how to initiate and maintain meaningful and enduring relations. The first step, in the process of creating the complete virtual coach-assisted system for preventing loneliness, is to create a proto type and use the feedback from older users for developing the system. In this paper we discuss the results of the first pilot and what steps need to be taken next.
Developing STEM Based Student’s Book for Grade XII Biotechnology Topics

The study aims to develop a valid, practical and effective Biology student’s book based on Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) on the topic of biotechnology for Grade XII. The method applied for the study was research and development with the 4-D model. The subjects were 58 Grade XII students of SMAN 1 Muncar, Banyuwangi-Indonesia. The results showed that the average of validation result of STEM-based student’s book was 86.4% which fell under a strong valid category. The average percentage of legibility test and practicality were in very good category of 87.18% and 96.53%, respectively. Meanwhile, the average of effectiveness test was 0.77 of normalized gain categorized in high criteria. In conclusion, it could be determined that STEM-based student’s book of biotechnology is valid, pratical, and effectively used in learning process.
NIM811, a nonimmunosuppressive cyclosporine analogue, suppresses collagen production and enhances collagenase activity in hepatic stellate cells

Background/Aims: A recent decrease in patient survival has been reported among hepatitis C virus (HCV)‐infected liver transplant recipients and this may be attributable to progression of fibrosis. We reported previously that cyclosporine suppressed the proliferation of, and collagen production in, hepatic stellate cells (HSCs). Here, we investigated the effects of NIM811, a cyclosporine analogue, on cell growth, collagen production and collagenase activity in HSCs.
Unsupervised domain adaptation using parallel transport on Grassmann manifold

When designing classifiers for classification tasks, one is often confronted with situations where data distributions in the source domain are different from those present in the target domain. This problem of domain adaptation is an important problem that has received a lot of attention in recent years. In this paper, we study the challenging problem of unsupervised domain adaptation, where no labels are available in the target domain. In contrast to earlier works, which assume a single domain shift between the source and target domains, we allow for multiple domain shifts. Towards this, we develop a novel framework based on the parallel transport of union of the source subspaces on the Grassmann manifold. Various recognition experiments show that this way of modeling data with union of subspaces instead of a single subspace improves the recognition performance.
Multi − annual oscillations in animal population size : internal and external factors

We find multi−annual oscillations in the population size of seven Canadian species, based on century−long time−series of fur harvests. Our statistical analysis aims to ascertain the factors that influence the dynamics of the populations hunted. To do so, we use the advanced spectral methods of singular spectrum analysis and multi−tapering. The dynamics of the seven populations have several common features. First, they share periodic components with periods of 2.5, 3 and 10 years. Second, all of them exhibit small−amplitude oscillations during the first decades of the century of record (1752−1849), and a much larger amplitude in the following decades. We determine the dominant frequency of each time−series at a given epoch, and the shifts between these dominant frequencies from epoch to epoch. A simple predator−prey model helps us interpret of these results. The two integer−valued periods, of 3 and 10 years, are likely to arise from the food−web interactions between the four species most involved in the predation. The 2.5−year period is attributed to the remote climatic effects of the tropical Pacific’s quasi−biennial oscillation.
Nested tensions and smoothing tactics: An ethnographic examination of ambidexterity in a theatre

All organisations face contradictory demands, such as exploiting existing revenue sources while exploring new opportunities. The tensions of balancing these demands are largely met by employees, yet nearly all studies focus on the managerial perspective. This article uses an ethnographic study of a UK theatre to explore the experience of employees switching between exploitation and exploration in developing a play. Adopting a paradox lens, it identifies the existence of nested tensions. The organisational level is characterised by the well-studied contradiction between exploration and exploitation. Nested within this at the project level, a series of tensions are produced around resources, power, and learning. These tensions lead to an identity-based paradox for employees. They must perform well in the project to secure their ties of belonging to the organisation, but this simultaneously distances them from established expectations, weakening their ties of belonging. The article contributes to the literature on ambidexterity by illustrating the relational and emotional challenges faced by employees balancing exploitation and exploration, identifying the nested tensions involved in delivering ambidexterity, and through illustrating how employees smooth over these tensions using humour, shared vocabulary, and self-effacing language. On this basis, it argues for a practice-based view of ambidexterity as paradox.