Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Classification Algorithms Using MCDM and Rank Correlation

Classification algorithm selection is an important issue in many disciplines. Since it normally involves more than one criterion, the task of algorithm selection can be modeled as multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) problems. Different MCDM methods evaluate classifiers from different aspects and thus they may produce divergent rankings of classifiers. The goal of this paper is to propose an approach to resolve disagreements among MCDM methods based on Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. Five MCDM methods are examined using 17 classification algorithms and 10 performance criteria over 11 public-domain binary classification datasets in the experimental study. The rankings of classifiers are quite different at first. After applying the proposed approach, the differences among MCDM rankings are largely reduced. The experimental results prove that the proposed approach can resolve conflicting MCDM rankings and reach an agreement among different MCDM methods.
The construction of Mandarin VerbNet: A frame-based study of statement verbs

This paper introduces the infrastructure and the principles of a semantic framework used for the analysis and classification of verbs, developed with the aim of constructing a lexical database of Mandarin verbal semantics, called the Mandarin VerbNet. Distinct from most existing lexical databases that enumerate word senses without detailed grammatical considerations, the Mandarin VerbNet is designed to provide lexical semantic information based on grammatical descriptions and anchored in linguistic theories. It looks for systematic correlations between syntax and semantics and classifies verbs according to these syntax-to-semantics correspondences. The framework adopts the approach of Frame Semantics (Fillmore & Atkins 1992) in defining verb meanings in a semantic frame and building a frame-based verbal lexicon, but it differs from the structure of the English FrameNet in distinguishing different scopes of frames. Evolved and refined from previous works (Liu, Chiang & Chang 2004, Liu & Wu 2003, Liu 2002), this study summarizes the current model of the analytic framework with a detailed illustration from Mandarin statement verbs. It ultimately seeks to identify a theoretically sound and operationally effective representational scheme that bases its semantic analysis on grammatical behaviors and provides linguistic motivations for its semantic classifications.
Black-box recognition of finite simple groups of Lie type by statistics of element orders

Given a black-box group G isomorphic to some finite simple group of Lie type and the characteristic of G, we compute the standard name of G by a Monte Carlo algorithm. The running time is polynomial in the input length and in the time requirement for the group operations in G. The algorithm chooses a relatively small number of (nearly) uniformly distributed random elements of G, and examines the divisibility of the orders of these elements by certain primitive prime divisors. We show that the divisibility statistics determine G, except that we cannot distinguish the groups PWð2mþ 1; qÞ and PSpð2m; qÞ in this manner when q is odd and md 3. These two groups can, however, be distinguished by using an algorithm of Altseimer and
Interrater reliability of a modified Ashworth scale of muscle spasticity.

We undertook this investigation to determine the interrater reliability of manual tests of elbow flexor muscle spasticity graded on a modified Ashworth scale. We each independently graded the elbow flexor muscle spasticity of 30 patients with intracranial lesions. We agreed on 86.7% of our ratings. The Kendall's tau correlation between our grades was . 847 (p less than .001). Thus, the relationship between the raters' judgments was significant and the reliability was good. Although the results were limited to the elbow flexor muscle group, we believe them to be positive enough to encourage further trials of the modified Ashworth scale for grading spasticity.
Effects of purines and pyrimidines on the rat mesenteric arterial bed.

The effects of the purines, adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and guanosine 5'-triphosphate (GTP), and the pyrimidines, uridine 5'-triphosphate (UTP), cytidine 5'-triphosphate (CTP), and thymidine 5'-triphosphate (TTP), on vascular resistance were investigated in the rat mesenteric arterial bed. In preparations at basal tone, these agents produced dose-related vasoconstriction with a potency order of ATP greater than CTP greater than UTP much greater than TTP = GTP. When tone was raised with norepinephrine (30 microM), these agents caused dose-related vasodilatation with the potency order of UTP = ATP greater than TTP = GTP. CTP did not elicit vasodilatation. Removal of the endothelium with sodium deoxycholate resulted in an increased responsiveness of the mesenteric bed preparation to the vasoconstrictor effects of each of the purines and pyrimidines tested. The selective P2 X-purinoceptor-desensitizing agent alpha,beta-methylene ATP inhibited vasoconstrictor responses to ATP and to CTP but had no effect on vasoconstrictor responses elicited by UTP, TTP, and GTP. In raised-tone preparations, vasodilator responses to ATP, UTP, TTP, and GTP were abolished after removal of the endothelium with sodium deoxycholate. Responses to acetylcholine were also abolished; those to sodium nitroprusside were unimpaired. An inhibitor of the formation of nitric oxide from L-arginine, N omega-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (30 microM), which antagonizes responses mediated by endothelium-derived relaxing factor (nitric oxide), attenuated vasodilatation to ATP, UTP, and acetylcholine but not to sodium nitroprusside. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Embedded Markov process based model for performance analysis of Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems

Intrusion Detection and/or Prevention Systems (IDPSs) are now a crucial defensive measure to defend against attacks intended to breach the security and operation of enterprise information systems. The IDPS configuration can, however, have a negative impact on network performance in terms of end-to-end delay and packet loss. This paper proposes an analytical queuing model based on the embedded Markov chain which analyzes the performance of the IDPS and evaluates its impact on performance. Through extensive simulations, we validate the proposed model and the numerical equations that estimate various performance metrics. Our results show that this model can be leveraged to assess and set up an effective configuration for the IDPS, achieving simultaneously the trade-off between security enforcement levels on one side and network Quality of Service (QoS) requirements on the other.
INCREMENTAL VALIDITY OF KINDERGARTEN COGNITIVE ABILITY, PHONEMIC AWARENESS, LETTER KNOWLEDGE, AND RAPID SERIAL NAMING ON LATER READING ACHIEVEMENT

The importance of reading skill is undisputed. Given the large number of individuals who experience difficulties in this crucial skill and the impact reading skill deficits can have on a person’s future, having an accurate prediction method of at-risk status would be extremely valuable. While numerous studies are available that cite isolated measures as a means of prediction, few studies have succeeded in establishing valid, reliable batteries capable of more effectively identifying those at-risk for future reading failure. A sample of 131 children from a rural Pennsylvania school district participated in this longitudinal study. Hierarchical regression was utilized to determine what predictive value kindergarten phonemic awareness, rhyming, rapid serial naming, letter knowledge, and cognitive ability had on 1st grade reading. Both word reading and fluency were assessed. Cognitive ability, phonemic awareness, and letter knowledge were found to contribute significantly to the prediction of 1st grade reading skill. Rapid serial naming was an efficient predictor for fluency, but an inefficient predictor of word reading. Rhyming was found to be an inefficient predictor of both word reading and fluency. A combination of predictor variables was
Factors associated with overweight and obesity in Mexican school-age children: results from the National Nutrition Survey 1999.

OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to measure the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Mexican school-age children (5-11 years) in the National Nutrition Survey 1999 (NNS-1999). MATERIAL AND METHODS Overweight and obesity (defined as an excess of adipose tissue in the body) were evaluated through the Body Mass Index (BMI) in 10,901 children, using the standard proposed by the International Obesity Task Force. Sociodemographic variables were obtained using a questionnaire administered to the children's mothers. RESULTS The national prevalence of overweight and obesity was reported to be 19.5%. The highest prevalence figures were found in Mexico City (26.6%) and the North region (25.6%). When adjusting by region, rural or urban area, sex, maternal schooling, socioeconomic status, indigenous ethnicity and age, the highest prevalences of overweight and obesity were found among girls. The risks of overweight and obesity were positively associated with maternal schooling, children's age and socioeconomic status. CONCLUSIONS Overweight and obesity are prevalent health problems in Mexican school-age children, particularly among girls, and positively associated with socioeconomic status, age, and maternal schooling. This is a major public health problem requiring preventive interventions to avoid future health consequences. The English version of this paper is available too at: http://www.insp. mx/salud/index.html.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF THE IEEE 802.15.4 BASED ECG MONITORING NETWORK

The integration of biomedical sensors with wireless network technology may have great potentials in medical applications. In this paper, we investigate the use of the IEEE 802.15. 4 standard in an ECG monitoring sensor network and study the effects of CSMA/CA mechanism, number of network devices, sampling rates and transmitting cycles. The performance of the network is analyzed in terms of transmission delay, end to end latency, and packet delivery rate. Both biomedical signal sampling time and transmission delay contribute to the end to end latency, but the end to end latency is mainly introduced by signal sampling time, especially for low data rate biomedical sensors. The packet delivery rate increases when the number of pay-load data becomes large due to high channel efﬁciency and packet coding efﬁciency, but large size packet suffers high end to end latency. In our case study, for a full size MAC packet with maximum payload size (114 bytes), the average end to end latency introduced by sampling and transmitting is about 90 ms. For time-critical applications, a payload size between 40 and 60 bytes can be a good choice, due to lower end to end latency and acceptable packet delivery rate. In the design and deployment of biomedical sensor networks in time-critical medical care applications, trade-off between end to end latency and packet delivery rate must be considered.
Citizen, Student, Soldier: Latina/o Youth, JROTC, and the American Dream

Oleson specifies that the numbers inside the parentheses represent the ‘‘average number of offenses reported by those who reported an offense’’ (p. 98, p. 165). Unfortunately, Oleson misinforms readers about this analysis. By way of illustration, when looking at the prevalence of solicitation within the index sample (p. 163), Oleson argues that individuals involved in solicitation (n = 13) averaged 2.8 such behaviors (see bottom of Table 34). This is incorrect, as ‘‘2.8’’ represents the percentage of the index sample that reported such behavior (13/465 = 2.8 percent) and not the frequency of such behavior. This misinterpretation is repeated in all such tables. Despite these limitations, Oleson has constructed an exciting dataset and provides useful information on the extent of offending and demographic characteristics of high-IQ individuals. Vignettes in the qualitative portion of the book provide insight into the offending attitudes and motivations of high-IQ offenders, and Oleson’s discussion of IQ and detection avoidance has important theoretical and research implications.
Prosodic disambiguation in silent deading

As a hearer or reader processes a sentence, each word has to be attached into a representation of its syntactic structure. When there is structural ambiguity, a choice exists between different attachment sites for a word. Considerable consistency has been observed in the choices that are made, both across sentences and across speakers. Though non-structural factors may also influence attachment, there are some general structural trends. We have summarized these under the heading Minimal Everything: the parsing routines prefer a tree structure with the fewest nodes, the fewest chains, the least structural distance between adjacent words, and minimal revision in recovering from a garden path. But some inconsistencies in attachment preferences have been noted which are still in need of a definitive explanation.
Emotional Competence

Emotional competence (EC) is a multi-facetted construct encompassing a broad range of emotion-related skills (e.g., perception) and dispositional qualities (e.g., self-efficacy) that are considered important for psychological, social, and educational adjustment across adolescence. We describe how EC is defined and measured, together with developmental changes in EC across the adolescent period. Emotional intelligence theory offers a holistic framework for organizing EC research. Using that framework as a guide, evidence linking emotional skills and emotion-related dispositions to mental health and academic outcomes in adolescence is critically examined, with particular attention paid to considering whether EC is useful for buffering the effects of stress. We also discuss school-training programs designed to increase EC and reduce internalizing and externalizing problems. We conclude by suggesting ways in which the field may progress to more fully elucidate the role of EC in adolescent adaptation.
The Impact of Intermittent Umbilical Cord Occlusions on the Inflammatory Response in Pre-Term Fetal Sheep

Fetal hypoxic episodes may occur antepartum with the potential to induce systemic and cerebral inflammatory responses thereby contributing to brain injury. We hypothesized that intermittent umbilical cord occlusions (UCOs) of sufficient severity but without cumulative acidosis will lead to a fetal inflammatory response. Thirty-one chronically instrumented fetal sheep at ∼0.85 of gestation underwent four consecutive days of hourly UCOs from one to three minutes duration for six hours each day. Maternal and fetal blood samples were taken for blood gases/pH and plasma interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 levels. Animals were euthanized at the end of experimental study with brain tissue processed for subsequent counting of microglia and mast cells. Intermittent UCOs resulted in transitory fetal hypoxemia with associated acidemia which progressively worsened the longer umbilical blood flow was occluded, but with no cumulative blood gas or pH changes over the four days of study. Fetal arterial IL-1β and IL-6 values showed no significant change regardless of the severity of the UCOs, nor was there any evident impact on the microglia and mast cell counts for any of the brain regions studied. Accordingly, intermittent UCOs of up to three minutes duration with severe, but limited fetal hypoxemia and no cumulative acidemia, do not result in either a systemic or brain inflammatory response in the pre-term ovine fetus. However, fetal IL-1B and IL-6 values were found to be well correlated with corresponding maternal values supporting the placenta as a primary source for these cytokines with related secretion into both circulations. Female fetuses were also found to have higher IL-1β levels than males, indicating that gender may impact on the fetal inflammatory response to various stimuli.
Critical Analysis of Esophageal Multichannel Intraluminal Impedance Monitoring 20 Years Later

Multichannel intraluminal impedance (MII) for the evaluation of esophageal diseases was created in 1991 trying to solve previous limitations of esophageal function test. MII-pH is able to determine the physical characteristics of the refluxate (liquid, gas, or mixed) and nonacidic GER. MII-manometry can determine the presence of bolus and its relation with peristalsis. This paper makes a critical analysis of the clinical applications of MII 20 years after its creation. Literature review shows that MII made great contributions for the understanding of esophageal physiology; however, direct clinical applications are few. MII-pH was expected to identify patients with normal acid reflux and abnormal nonacidic reflux. These patients are rarely found off therapy, that is, nonacidic reflux parallels acid reflux. Furthermore, the significance of isolated nonacidic reflux is unclear. Contradictory MII-manometry and conventional manometry findings lack better understanding and clinical implication as well as the real significance of bolus transit.
Flavonoids isolated from Citrus platymamma induced G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in A549 human lung cancer cells

Citrus platymamma hort. ex Tanaka belongs to the Rutaceae family and is widely used in folk medicines in Korea due to its anti-proliferative, anti-cancer, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic activities. However, the molecular mechanism of its anti-cancer effect is not well understood. The present study was conducted to elucidate the anti-cancer effect and molecular mechanism of flavonoids from Citrus platymamma (FCP) on A549 cells. FCP displayed concentration-dependent inhibition on A549 cells proliferation. Further, flow cytometry revealed that FCP significantly increased the sub-G1 (apoptotic cell population) and G2/M phase population, and the total number of apoptotic cells, in a dose-dependent manner. Nuclear condensation and fragmentation were also observed upon staining with Hoechst 33342 in FCP-treated A549 cells. Immunoblotting demonstrated a dose-dependent downregulation of cyclin B1, cyclin-dependent kinase 1, cell division cycle 25c, pro-caspases −3, −6, −8 and −9, and poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) in FCP-treated A549 cells. In addition, FCP induced caspase-3 activation and subsequent PARP cleavage, and increased the B-cell lymphoma (Bcl)-2-associated X protein/Bcl-extra large ratio in A549 cells. These findings suggest that FCP induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis of A549 cells. The present study provides evidence that FCP may be useful in the treatment of human lung cancer.
On the fermionic formula and the Kirillov-Reshetikhin conjecture

The fermionic formula conjectured by Kirillov and Reshetikhin describes the decomposition (as a module for $U_q(\frak g)$) of a tensor product of multiples of of fundamental representations $W(m\lambda_i)$ of the corresponding quantum affine algebras. In this paper, we show that the conjecture is true for the modules W(m\lambda_i), if $i$ is such that the corresponding simple root occurs in the highest root of the simple Lie algebra with multiplicity at most 2. In particular, the conjecture is established for all but a few nodes for the exceptional algebras.
Symbolic analysis for some planar piecewise linear maps

In this paper a class of linear maps on the 2-torus and some planar piecewise isometries are discussed. For these discontinuous maps, by introducing codings underlying the map operations, symbolic descriptions of the dynamics and admissibility conditions for itineraries are given, and explicit expressions in terms of the codings for periodic points are presented.
Everyday student mobilities:Exploring the relationship between wellbeing, inclusion and sustainability

Students who commute experience travel and mobility in far more diverse – and often enriching – ways than the literature on inclusion and belonging in HE suggests. Travel time – either alone or with others – was understood by students for its therapeutic purposes and was a means through which they could manage their sense of emotional wellbeing and engage in co-present (i.e. through car-shares, and co-mobility) and virtual practices of intimacies (such as WhatsApp and Facebook Messenger groups). Choices about mode of transportation thus reflected the careful negotiation of concerns about comfort, affordability, affiliations to friends and kin, and efficiency, rather than single-issues such as cost reduction or green issues. Car use emerged as a key mode of transportation and it was clear that there is some tension between aims to recruit from the region and widen participation of underrepresented groups (first generation entrants, student-parents, etc.), and ‘green’ initiatives such as limiting the number of car parking spaces on campus. Everyday travel and mobility was experienced as integral, rather than as a barrier, to students’ feelings of belonging and inclusion at university. The more students felt their mobility needs, and rhythms, were understood and responded to (in both practical, pedagogic terms), the more they felt a sense of belonging to the university. Staff and students agreed that better signposting of services designed to facilitate everyday mobility (lockers, showers, car parking, overnight accommodation) would enhance feelings of belonging and inclusion and present commuting as one of several modes of participation, rather than as ‘other’. Staff and students agreed that provision for students who commute is patchy; this group is often hidden, falling within and between other minority groups i.e. mature students, students with mental health/access concerns, student-parents. The university is keen to set up a working group to consider how best to understand and respond to the needs of the emergent group of commuter students in the sector. N.B. Due to space, not all summary points are discussed in this report.
The Influence of Malaysian Telecenters on Community Building

The main aim of this paper is to examine the impact of the establishment of telecentres, particularly KedaiKom on community building in Malaysia. KedaiKom is one of the projects undertaken by the Malaysian government to reduce the digital divide among the population. The impact of KedaiKom on community building was viewed from two perspectives: capacity of getting ahead and social and digital inclusion. The research was conducted using the survey method whereby questionnaires were distributed to six hundred KedaiKom users, however, only 326 returned the form. In general, the users agreed that KedaiKom has improved their ICT skills and knowledge as well as their social network. Many of them felt that KedaiKom has helped improve their community well being. In conclusion, the study showed that KedaiKom does impact community building, i.e., capacity of getting ahead and social and digital inclusion.
Measuring entanglement entropies in many-body systems

We explore the relation between entanglement entropy of quantum many-body systems and the distribution of corresponding, properly selected, observables. Such a relation is necessary to actually measure the entanglement entropy. We show that, in general, the Shannon entropy of the probability distribution of certain symmetry observables gives a lower bound to the entropy. In some cases this bound is saturated and directly gives the entropy. We also show other cases in which the probability distribution contains enough information to extract the entropy: we show how this is done in several examples including BEC wave functions, the Dicke model, XY spin chain, and chains with strong randomness.