Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Peer-assisted content distribution in Akamai netsession

Content distribution systems have traditionally adopted one of two architectures: infrastructure-based content delivery networks (CDNs), in which clients download content from dedicated, centrally managed servers, and peer-to-peer CDNs, in which clients download content from each other. The advantages and disadvantages of each architecture have been studied in great detail. Recently, hybrid, or 'peer-assisted', CDNs have emerged, which combine elements from both architectures. The properties of such systems, however, are not as well understood. In this paper, we discuss the potential risks and benefits of peer-assisted CDNs, and we study one specific instance, Akamai's NetSession system, to examine the impact of these risks and benefits in practice. NetSession is a mature system that has been operating commercially since 2010 and currently has more than 25 million users in 239 countries and territories. Our results show that NetSession can deliver several of the key benefits of both infrastructure-based and peer-to-peer CDNs - for instance, it can offload 70-80% of the traffic to peers without a corresponding loss of performance or reliability - and that the risks can be managed well. This suggests that hybrid designs may be an attractive option for future CDNs.
Innate Immune Response of Oral and Foreskin Keratinocytes: Utilization of Different Signaling Pathways by Various Bacterial Species

ABSTRACT The innate immune response is critical for the epithelial antimicrobial barrier. The human β-defensins are small, cationic antimicrobial peptides that are made by epithelial cells and that play a role in mucosal and skin defenses. Human β-defensin 1 (hBD-1) is expressed constitutively in epithelial tissues, whereas hBD-2 and hBD-3 are expressed in response to bacterial stimuli or inflammation. Previous studies showed that hBD-2 was induced by Fusobacterium nucleatum cell wall extract without the involvement of the NF-κB transcription factors, which typically are associated with innate immunity and inflammation. The goal of this study was to characterize signaling pathways involved in hBD-2 induction in response to commensal and pathogenic bacteria. Cultured human oral and foreskin keratinocytes were treated separately with inhibitors of NF-κB, c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 and then stimulated with oral commensal Streptococcus gordonii, oral pathogens Porphyromonas gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, skin commensal Staphylococcus epidermidis, or skin pathogen Streptococcus pyogenes. Different bacteria induced different levels of hBD-2 and in response to the various inhibitors tested, although certain common patterns were observed for commensal- and pathogen-stimulated cells. hBD-2 induction by all bacteria tested was partially or completely blocked by inhibitors of the JNK and p38 pathways. However, in addition, hBD-2 induction by pathogenic bacteria in both oral and foreskin keratinocytes was blocked by inhibitors of NF-κB. The results indicate that commensal and pathogenic bacteria utilize different pathways in hBD-2 induction and suggest that epithelial cells from different body sites have common signaling mechanisms to distinguish between commensal and pathogenic bacteria.
Riesgo de anorexia y bulimia en función de la ansiedad y la edad de la pubertad en universitarios de Baja California-México

En muestras no clinicas identificar el riesgo de trastorno alimentario, asi como las variables asociadas, es fundamental para la prevencion. El objetivo principal fue comparar el riesgo de bulimia y anorexia dependiendo del grado de ansiedad y de la edad de la pubertad en estudiantes universitarios. Se llevo a cabo una investigacion no experimental, transversal, explicativa incluyendo una muestra no probabilistica de 420 universitarios de 18 a 30 anos (59% mujeres, 41% hombres), estudiantes de universidad publica de Ensenada, B.C. Se utilizaron el Cuestionario de Alimentacion y Salud y la EFRATA de Gomez-Peresmitre; asi como el Inventario de Ansiedad de Beck y Steer. Entre los principales hallazgos, se encontro que el riesgo de bulimia es mayor cuando el grado de ansiedad es alto y la edad de la pubertad se presenta a "destiempo"; el riesgo de anorexia solo se incrementa cuando la ansiedad es alta. Los resultados son congruentes con la literatura previa y se discuten en el marco de la misma
Title Service learning in medical and nursing training : A randomizedcontrolled trial

The purpose of this study was to explore the long term effect of a service learning project on medical and nursing students’ knowledge in aging and their attitudes toward older adults. A total of 124 students were recruited and then randomized to intervention group (IG) and control group (CG). A pre-and-post-intervention design measured students’ knowledge in aging (using modified Palmore’s Fact on Aging Quiz) and attitudes toward older adults (using Kogan’s Old People Scale). A total of 103 students completed all the activities and questionnaires. After the intervention, there were significant differences between the IG and CG on Palmore’s mental health (MH) (P = .04), Palmore’s total score (P = .02) and Kogan’s negative attitudes toward older adults (P = .001). All students increased their positive attitude toward older adults after the intervention. However, both the IG and CG showed a decrease in positive attitudes 1 month after the interventon, and such decrease varied, depending on the programme which students attended. The current study showed that the 10-week service learning activities significantly increased medical and nursing students’ overall knowledge of aging and their understanding of mental health needs in old age, and reduced their negative attitudes toward older adults. However, the effect is not long-lasting. On the other hand, its effect on positive attitudes toward older adults cannot be concluded. Periodic contacts with older adults via service learning activities may be needed to sustain attitude change toward older adults.
The Role of Retinal Adaptation in Night Driving

Purpose. Driving is essentially a visuomotor task, and there is now compelling evidence that the disproportionate number of road accidents under night driving conditions is linked to changes in visual performance resulting from reduced lighting. The objective of this article is to establish the extent to which vision is either rod-or cone-dominated under night driving conditions. Methods. Visual thresholds are measured under lighting conditions that simulate urban lighting. Dark adaptation curves are obtained under three ambient lighting conditions ranging from low (0.1 cd/m2) to high (5 cd/m2) mesopic levels of retinal adaptation using circular discs of different sizes (1°, 2°, 3°, and 5°) presented at retinal eccentricities of 0°, 10°, 20°, 30°, and 40°. Results. The dark adaptation curves exhibit the classic inflection point between rod and cone activity for the lower levels of ambient illumination but a simple monophasic function for the high mesopic levels (>0.5 lux). Adaptation rates are four times faster for the higher compared with the lower illumination level and twice as fast for central compared with peripheral presentation. Conclusions. The data suggest that vision is mediated by cone pathways at 5 lux and by rod pathways at 0.5/0.1 lux. This shift does not profoundly affect sensitivity, but because rod pathways are known to be slower than cone pathways, it will certainly affect observers' ability to respond to rapidly changing viewing conditions such as are encountered when driving at night.
Emotion Regulation and Mental Representation of Attachment in Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Study Using the Adult Attachment Interview

Abstract Mental representations of attachment and emotion regulation influence individual patterns of stress response and vulnerability to illness. The present study investigates the adult attachment states of mind of 40 women with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) using the Adult Attachment Interview. We also assessed alexithymia using the Toronto Alexithymia Scale and dissociation using the Dissociative Experiences Scale. The results showed a high prevalence of the unresolved state of mind (13 patients, 32.5%) and the entangled state of mind (10 patients, 25%). The alexithymia score also varied significantly as a function of the mental representation of attachment and was modulated by amnestic dissociation. These findings suggest that adult attachment in patients with SLE influences the presence of alexithymic features. Moreover, these also indicate that dissociative states mediate the perception of painful memories and feelings, thus contributing to the partial avoidance of emotions and the failure to fully experience and recognize them. The clinical implications of these findings are also discussed.
Impulse Oscillometry Is Sensitive to Bronchoconstriction After Eucapnic Voluntary Hyperventilation or Exercise

Airway responses were compared following 6-minute eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation and 6-minute exercise challenges by examining resting and post-challenge impulse oscillometry and spirometry variables. Twenty-two physically active individuals with probable exercise-induced bronchoconstriction took part in this study. Impulse oscillometry and spirometry were performed at baseline and for 20 minutes post-challenge at 5-minute intervals. High correlation was found between the two measures of change in airway function for both methods of challenge. Impulse oscillometry detected a difference in degree of response to the challenges, whereas spirometry indicated no difference, suggesting that impulse oscillometry is a more sensitive measure of change in airway function.
Potential of earthworm (Eisenia foetida) as dietary protein source for rohu (Labeo rohita) advanced fry

Abstract Earthworm, a non-conventional protein source with 520–530 g protein kg−1 on dry matter basis was used in three forms viz. (i) whole earthworm (ii) earthworm custard, and (iii) pelleted earthworm diet to prepare three iso-nitrogenous (500 g protein kg−1 diet) and iso-caloric (17.0 MJ kg−1 diet) experimental diets. The formulated diets were fed ad libitum twice daily to Labeo rohita advanced fry (0.71 ± 0.04 g) in triplicates for a period of 35 days. In each replicate, 10 fish were stocked. The 300 L fiberglass-reinforced plastic tanks containing 100 L of water with the provision of continuous aeration were used for rearing the fish. At the end of experiment, the weight gain (g), food conversion ratio, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, protein retention efficiency (%), and energy retention efficiency (%) of fish fed pelleted earthworm diet (2.19, 1.58, 4.21, 1.26, 23.0, and 18.6, respectively) was significantly better (p < 0.05) than the corresponding values of whole earthworm (1.53, 2.30, 3.38, 0.84, 14.34, and 11.93, respectively) and earthworm custard (0.94, 3.18, 2.42, 0.62, 10.50, and 8.21, respectively) fed diets. The experiment results indicated that the pelleted earthworm diet could be used in rearing of rohu advanced fry.
Stable Roommates Matchings, Mirror Posets, Median Graphs, and the Local/Global Median Phenomenon in Stable Matchings

For stable marriage (SM) and solvable stable roommates (SR) instances, it is known that there are stable matchings that assign each participant to his or her (lower/upper) median stable partner. Moreover, for SM instances, a stable matching has this property if and only if it is a median of the distributive lattice formed by the instance's stable matchings. In this paper, we show that the above local/global median phenomenon first observed in SM stable matchings also extends to SR stable matchings because SR stable matchings form a median graph. In the course of our investigations, we also prove that three seemingly different structures are pairwise duals of each other—median graphs give rise to mirror posets and vice versa, and mirror posets give rise to SR stable matchings and vice versa. Together, they imply that for every median graph $G$ with $n$ vertices, there is an SR instance $I(G)$ with $O(n^2)$ participants whose graph of stable matchings is isomorphic to $G$. Our results are analogous to the pairwise duality results known for distributive lattices, posets, and SM stable matchings. Interestingly, some of these results can also be inferred from the work of Feder in the early 1990s. Our constructions and proofs, however, are more natural generalizations of those used for SM instances.
Inculcating the Ergonomic Culture in Developing Countries

Objective: The aim of this article is to describe a survey on ergonomic factors of classroom environments of school children, their influence on health, and use of research outcomes to launch a healthy schoolbag initiative. Background: Ergonomics have not yet well penetrated relevant fields in industrially developing countries, such as Sri Lanka. One of the crucial parameters of the school environment is ergonomics. Available evidence suggests ergonomic mismatches in classroom settings. Good practice examples in child ergonomic interventions are few in resource-poor contexts. Method: A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted in a district in Sri Lanka with a sample of 1,607 children in Grades 6 to 8 with the use of a stratified multistage cluster sampling method. Results: Many children did experience discomfort related to substandard seating arrangements in the classroom. A significant proportion had to turn their necks to see the blackboard. For many children, seating locations were not changed. There were widespread incompatibilities of classroom furniture with anthropometric dimensions of children. A majority of children perceived discomfort contributed by mismatched classroom furniture. Carriage of school materials was not healthy. Deficiencies were noted in weight, model, ergonomic features, and carrying behavior of bags. Children experienced several negative effects, in part attributable to mismatched ergonomic factors. Application: The schoolbag was considered a priority issue. Findings were disseminated to stakeholders and to media. Solutions were contemplated on bag weight reduction, healthy schoolbag introduction, and behavior change in a collaborative initiative with the Education Ministry. Political, administrative, and business stakeholders were successfully engaged to inculcate an ergonomic culture in an industrially developing country.
Attitudes and Knowledge about Case Mix Reform among Hospital Staff in Australia

This paper reports some of the findings of a national survey of staff in acute care hospitals about their knowledge of case mix and their attitudes towards it. Our findings suggest that, despite the range and scope of activities that have been pursued under the Australian Casemix Development Program (ACDP), knowledge of case mix among acute care hospital staff remains patchy. The evidence also shows that significant aspects of the DRG classification system and the uses to which it can be put are not accepted by many hospital staff, particularly medical staff. The paper concludes with a discussion of what some of these findings imply for future activity on case mix reform.
Psychological Processes Underlying Stereotype Threat and Standardized Math Test Performance

The No Child Left Behind Act (2002) articulates a vision emphasizing the attainment of high achievement for all students. This legislation has defined a vital role for large-scale assessment in determining whether students are learning. However, standardized mathematics test performance by females and Black students continues to be a source of concern and controversy. While females' math grades are often higher, their math test scores begin to differ from those of males in early adolescence. Blacks score lower than Whites on standardized math tests and these differences remain, even when researchers consider background variables. Although many explanations have been offered for these findings, there is a growing appreciation that societal stereotypes, not solely mathematical proficiency, impair standardized test performance of female and Black students. Negative stereotypes (i.e., Blacks do poorly on achievement tests) can create a situational pressure that depresses their performance. The article integrates stereotype threat research and achievement goal research to better understand the motivational, affective, and cognitive processes involved in stereotype threat and math performance.
A review of post-GWAS prioritization approaches

In the recent decade, high-throughput genotyping and next-generation sequencing platforms have enabled genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of many complex human diseases. These studies have discovered many disease susceptible loci, and unveiled unexpected disease mechanisms. Despite these successes, these identified variants only explain a small proportion of the genetic contributions to these diseases and many more remain to be found. This is largely due to the small effect sizes of most disease-associated variants and limited sample size. As a result, it is critical to leverage other information to more effectively prioritize GWAS signals to increase replication rates and better understand disease mechanisms. In this review, we introduce the biological/genomic features that have been found to be informative for post-GWAS prioritization, and discuss available tools to utilize these features for prioritization
Vulnerable Bodies in Human–Robot Interactions : Embodiment as Ethical Issue in Robot Care for the Elderly

The aim of this paper is to investigate the notion of embodiment in robot technologies for eldercare, drawing on the phenomenology of the body and discussions of practical nursing ethics. Reaching beyond dualistic discourse on aging bodies, we aim to develop a new ethical framework in which lived bodies and embodied care practices play a dominant role in interpreting moral values of human care. Developing further the notion of “materialising morality”, we approach robotcare as an embodied care practice that takes place in the “triangle” between caregivers, care receivers and robotics. Taking seriously the idea that touching is crucial for the wellbeing of elderly people, this paper comes to the conclusion that robots can take care of elderly patients, but they can’t care about them. Robots are not replacements for caregivers, but they might be designed to help caregivers and clients find more profound embodied interactions.
Building a Bridge of Understanding: How Barriers to Training Participation Become Barriers to Training Transfer

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to look at the issues concerning barriers that managers face in relation to participation in training and transfer of training, which have become increasingly important to HRD scholars and practitioners. To date, these areas have largely been examined independently. This paper aims to argue that there is an increasing need to understand and explore these two areas in unison.Design/methodology/approach – Although this paper is primarily conceptual in nature, in order to investigate a model derived from relevant literature, survey data from 137 Canadian employees, mostly from the broader public sector, was examined. These respondents completed a short transfer of training questionnaire three months after a one‐day managerial training programme. In this study, open‐ended questions investigating training barriers are analysed.Findings – The exploratory examination of information from participants of a managerial training programme suggests that the model which links lite.
In Defense of Self-Love: An Observational Study on Narcissists' Negative Behavior During Romantic Relationship Conflict

Research suggests narcissists respond negatively to ego-threats stemming from both negative evaluative feedback (Bushman, B. J., & Baumeister, R. F. (1998). Threatened egotism, narcissism, self-esteem, and direct and displaced aggression: Does self-love or self-hate lead to violence? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 75, 219–229) and negative social feedback (Twenge, J. M., & Campbell, W. K. (2003). “Isn't it fun to get the respect that we're going to deserve? ” Narcissism, social rejection, and aggression. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 29, 261–272). In the current study, we used an observational methodology to examine whether narcissists also respond negatively to romantic relationship conflict. Multi-level analyses revealed that people high (vs. low) in narcissism were observed by independent coders as engaging in significantly more negative behaviors (i.e., criticizing, name-calling, insulting) during a conflict with their romantic partner. Post-conflict, narcissists reported feeling less committed to their relationships, while reporting that their partners felt more committed to their relationships. Together, these results suggest that narcissists self-protectively derogate relationship partners both during and after conflict as a way to defend against relationship-threats.
Endothelial cytosolic proteins bind to the 3' untranslated region of endothelial nitric oxide synthase mRNA: regulation by tumor necrosis factor alpha

Changes in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression may be involved in the endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation dysfunction associated with several vascular diseases. In the present work, we demonstrate that eNOS mRNA contains a previously undescribed cis element in the 3' untranslated region (3' UTR). A U+C-rich segment in the 3' UTR is critical in complex formation with bovine aortic endothelial cell cytosolic proteins. Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), which destabilizes eNOS mRNA, increased the binding activity of the cytosolic proteins in a time-dependent manner. These data suggest that endothelial cytosolic proteins bind to the 3' UTR of eNOS mRNA. These proteins may play a role in TNF-alpha-induced eNOS mRNA destabilization.
A Broadband Active Quasi Circulator for UHF and L Band Applications

This letter presents a compact, broadband three-port MMIC-based quasi circulator for UHF and L bands. As a motivation and application, the use of this circuit in a network analyzer is presented. The circuit is designed using differential amplifier and lossy broadband combiner to obtain effective phase cancellation for high directivity. The designed quasi circulator has return losses at all ports better than 10 dB and reverse isolation above 30 dB in the frequency range from 0.2 to 2.5 GHz. The quasi circulator has directivity of 15 to 52 dB and load dynamic range of 10 to 49 dB, over the 0.2 to 1.7 GHz band. The proposed circuit thus can be used in portable network analyzers and other applications designed for the UHF and L bands.
1-(5-Hydroxy-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)ethanone: a new monoclinic polymorph

The title compound, C12H12N2O2, crystallized in the monolinic space group P21/n, with two independent molecules (A and B) in the asymmetric unit. This is in contrast to the first monoclinic polymorph reported [Cingolani et al. (2002 ▶). Inorg. Chem. 41, 1151–116], which crystallized in the space group C2/c with one independent molecule per asymmetric unit. The dihedral angles between the two rings differ slightly; in molecule A it is 4.90 (11)° and in molecule B it is 16.05 (13)°. In both molecules, there is an intramolecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond involving the hydroxyl substituent and the carbonyl O atom of the adjacent acetyl group. In the crystal structure, molecules A and B are linked via a C—H⋯N interaction. There are also some weak C—H⋯π interactions involving the phenyl ring of molecule A and H atoms of the acetyl groups of both molecules.