Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Amyoplasia: a case report of an old woman

Purpose: Little information exists about the long-term outcome of amyoplasia. In this article, a case report of a 93-year old woman is presented including both the development of the physical limitations and coping strategies. Method: The medical records, physical examinations and personal interviews during the last 10 years, autobiographical essays and personal photographs were included. Results: Eleven surgical procedures were performed during childhood and ten during adulthood. Ambulation without aids was possible up to the age of 37 years. Thereafter, the muscular force declined gradually, first in the legs and later in the arms. Musculoskeletal pain decreased during ageing. There was an increasing demand to use technical aids. Seniority brought about several diseases, which complicated the quality of life. The woman stayed 32 years of her life in work. Conclusions: A high age can be achieved with amyoplasia although the disability increases due to a gradual deterioration of muscular force. The personal experiences of the woman suggest that her active and creative attitude towards her disability may have contributed to the quality of her life. This may encourage people with amyoplasia and their care givers. Implications for Rehabilitation There are no data about ageing and life-long prognosis of amyoplasia. Severe physical limitations in amyoplasia are compatible with a long and meaningful life. Muscular force decreases during adult life. Therefore, a potential risk of overtraining should be considered.
Providing production planning and control functionality by web services: State of the art and experiences with prototypes

Web services have received an increasing importance over the last years, especially in connection with service oriented architectures (SOA) for the automation of business processes. Some authors anticipate that traditional ERP systems will lose their importance in the near future. We report on the development of software prototypes that allow the experimental investigation of these expectations at the laboratory level. We find that production planning and control (PPC) functionality can be offered by web services, but a systematic identification of appropriate services that encapsulate PPC functionality is not straightforward and requires more research. Data management issues and transaction processing, that are an important part of integrated applications, have to be re-invented in service-based application systems.
Splenic autonomic denervation increases inflammatory status but does not aggravate atherosclerotic lesion development.

UNLABELLED The brain plays a prominent role in the regulation of inflammation. Immune cells are under control of the so-called cholinergic anti-inflammatory reflex, mainly acting via autonomic innervation of the spleen. Activation of this reflex inhibits the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and may reduce the development of atherosclerosis. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of selective parasympathetic (Px) and sympathetic (Sx) denervation of the spleen on inflammatory status and atherosclerotic lesion development. Female APOE*3-Leiden.CETP mice, a well-established model for human-like lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis, were fed a cholesterol-containing Western-type diet for 4 wk after which they were subdivided into three groups receiving either splenic Px, splenic Sx, or sham surgery. The mice were subsequently challenged with the same diet for an additional 15 wk. Selective Px increased leukocyte counts (i.e., dendritic cells, B cells, and T cells) in the spleen and increased gene expression of proinflammatory cytokines in the liver and peritoneal leukocytes compared with Sx and sham surgery. Both Px and Sx increased circulating proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6. However, the increased proinflammatory status in denervated mice did not affect atherosclerotic lesion size or lesion composition. CONCLUSION Predominantly selective Px of the spleen enhances the inflammatory status, which, however, does not aggravate diet-induced atherosclerotic lesion development.
Learning Dynamic GMM for Attention Distribution on Single-Face Videos

The past decade has witnessed the popularity of video conferencing, such as FaceTime and Skype. In video conferencing, almost every frame has a human face. Hence, it is necessary to predict attention on face videos by saliency detection, as saliency can be used as a guidance of regionof- interest (ROI) for the content-based applications. To this end, this paper proposes a novel approach for saliency detection in single-face videos. From the data-driven perspective, we first establish an eye tracking database which contains fixations of 70 single-face videos viewed by 40 subjects. Through analysis on our database, we investigate that most attention is attracted by face in videos, and that attention distribution within a face varies with regard to face size and mouth movement. Inspired by the previous work which applies Gaussian mixture model (GMM) for face saliency detection in still images, we propose to model visual attention on face region for videos by dynamic GMM (DGMM), the variation of which relies on face size, mouth movement and facial landmarks. Then, we develop a long shortterm memory (LSTM) neural network in estimating DGMM for saliency detection of single-face videos, so called LSTM-DGMM. Finally, the experimental results show that our approach outperforms other state-of-the-art approaches in saliency detection of single-face videos.
Mixing within the interior of the Faeroe-Shetland Channel

Observations of the distribution of the density field, the dissipation rate of turbulent kinetic energy, e, the vertical diffusivity, Kz, and optical backscatter over a repeated cross-section of the FaeroeShetland Channel (FSC) are presented within the context of ocean mixing. Turbulence in the permanent pycnocline occurs in discrete vertical patches of thickness 20‐50 m coincident with layers of elevated vertical current shear magnitude, S 10 2 s 1 . The layers of elevated shear result from high-wavenumber internal waves which may break through shear instabilities as indicated by critical Richardson numbers, Ri 1. The internal waves are ubiquitous features of strong boundary currents flowing along continental shelves and are likely generated here by geostrophic adjustment of the pycnocline in response to lateral excursions of the boundary current over the Shetland slope or by the scattering of internal tide energy. The pycnocline as a whole exhibits Kz 10 4.5 m 2 s 1 , a factor of 3 larger than typical open ocean thermoclines but still implying a weak exchange of water mass properties across the density interface despite the confined and isolated patches of enhanced turbulence which elevate Kz by an order of magnitude. Both the boundary current and the deep interior are typified by weak stratification and locally high Kz 10 3 m 2 s 1 , but low turbulent buoyancy fluxes. The strongest observed turbulence and mixing in the channel, e O(10 7 Wk g 1 ) and Kz 10 3 m 2 s 1 respectively, is observed in the near-bed region over the Shetland slope and results from solibore propagation up the slope and the asymmetric response of the bottom boundary layer to the tidal currents. The overall contribution of the FSC to oceanic mixing would appear to be about half of the required canonical value of Kz 10 4 m 2 s 1 given the observed short duration and/or infrequent occurrence of the processes generating turbulence in the near-bed region, the spatially confined sporadic mixing patches in the pycnocline, and the low turbulent buoyancy fluxes in the interior and slope current.
Statistical Model for the Circuit Bandwidth Dependence of Low-Frequency Noise in Deep-Submicrometer MOSFETs

This paper covers measurement, analytical analysis, and Monte Carlo simulation of the frequency and bandwidth dependence of MOSFET low-frequency (LF) noise behavior. The model is based on microscopic device physics parameters, which cause statistical variation in the LF noise behavior of individual devices. Analytical equations for the statistical parameters are provided. The analytical model is compared to experimental data and Monte Carlo simulation results
On Inverse Quadratic Eigenvalue Problems with Partially Prescribed Eigenstructure

The inverse eigenvalue problem of constructing real and symmetric square matrices M, C, and K of size $n \times n$ for the quadratic pencil $Q(\lambda) = \lambda^2 M + \lambda C + K$ so that $Q(\lambda)$ has a prescribed subset of eigenvalues and eigenvectors is considered. This paper consists of two parts addressing two related but different problems.The first part deals with the inverse problem where M and K are required to be positive definite and semidefinite, respectively. It is shown via construction that the inverse problem is solvable for any k, given complex conjugately closed pairs of distinct eigenvalues and linearly independent eigenvectors, provided $k \leq n$. The construction also allows additional optimization conditions to be built into the solution so as to better refine the approximate pencil. The eigenstructure of the resulting $Q(\lambda)$ is completely analyzed.The second part deals with the inverse problem where M is a fixed positive definite matrix (and hence may be assumed to be t.
Real-world text clustering with adaptive resonance theory neural networks

Document clustering has been an important research area in recent years. However, most work on this subject has focused on batch processing in a static environment. For real world applications, online and incremental processing of highly dynamic data is required. Adaptive resonance theory (ART) neural networks possess several interesting properties that make them appealing as a potential solution to this problem. In this paper, we present preliminary experimental results that examine ART text clustering under several situations characteristic of real-life applications. We also compare our present results with work we have conducted previously on the batch static case, hence determining how clustering quality is affected by incremental processing.
Length-weight relationship of fishes from Yemen waters (Gulf of Aden and Red Sea)

The data for this study were gathered between 1993 and 1996 on board commercial trawlers from Somalia, China and Yemen and also from the research vessel Ibn Magid belonging to the Marine Science and Resources Research Centre, Aden, Republic of Yemen. Fish were identified using the FAO species identification literature. All fish were measured to the nearest mm (total length) and weighed to the nearest g. Sex was determined by dissection after the length and weight had been measured. The length-weight relationships were calculated using least-squares regression on log-transformed data and the parameters of the relationship of the form of W=aL super(b) are summarized. Maximum and minimum size of fish sampled are also given. Common names and recent changes in nomenclature were taken from ICLARM's FishBase.
Targeting Wnt Signaling in Colon Cancer Stem Cells

The identification of cancer stem cell (CSC) populations in virtually all tumor types has widespread clinical consequences. CSCs are suggested to be the only cells within malignancies endowed with tumorigenic capacity and are, therefore, directly implicated in therapy resistance and minimal residual disease. The genetic and molecular mechanisms sustaining CSCs are only currently emerging. For instance, aberrant activation of the Wnt signaling pathway is crucial for many cancer types and especially those of the gastrointestinal tract. Indeed, Wnt signaling activity was shown to designate colon CSCs and is, therefore, an attractive target for new therapeutics. Here, we review some of the latest developments that have been achieved to inhibit the Wnt pathway in the context of colon CSCs. Moreover, we discuss some of the pitfalls that can be anticipated and present new opportunities for therapeutic intervention. Clin Cancer Res; 17(4); 647–53. ©2010 AACR.
Abundances of Big Bang Elements

In this paper we review the present status of observations of the Big Bang elements D, 3 He, 4 He and 7 Li and of their extrapolation to the primordial values. It is shown that, within the errors, the abundances are consistent with the predictions of the standard Big Bang nucleosyn-thesis for 1 ≤ η 10 ≤ 6, which corresponds to 0.004 ≤ Ω b h 2 0 ≤ 0.02. Narrower consistencies in η 10 are still possible at ≈ 1.7 or ≈ 4, but in this case some of the observations of D and 4 He should be incorrect. Finally, it is noted that extragalactic Li may have already been detected in a star possibly accreted by the Galaxy.
The Ages and Distances of Globular Clusters with the Luminosity Function Method: The Case of M5 and M55

We present new age and distance determinations for the Galactic globular clusters M55 and M5, using the luminosity function (LF) method of Padoan & Jimenez. Using the set of stellar tracks computed by Jimenez & MacDonald and taking into account a value of [α/Fe] = 0.4, we find an age of 12.5 ± 1.0 Gyr for M55 and 10.6 ± 0.8 Gyr for M5. We also find m - M = 14.21 ± 0.08 mag for M55, and m - M = 14.55 ± 0.10 mag for M5, where the errors refer to the internal accuracy obtained from the method applied to the observed LFs of M5 and M55. These values of m - M agree with the ones obtained using the tip of the red giant branch and with the ones given by the subdwarf fitting method with Reid's new Hipparcos results. If the accuracy of the LF method is further confirmed, it will mean that the period of the formation of the Galactic halo took place over a few Gyr and that halo globular clusters are not older than 14 Gyr.
Speech-music discrimination from MPEG-1 bitstream

This paper describes a proposed algorithm for speech/music discrimination, which works on data directly taken from MPEG encoded bitstream thus avoiding the computationally difficult decoding-encoding process. The method is based on thresholding of features derived from the modulation envelope of the frequency-limited audio signal. The discriminator is tested on more than 2 hours of audio data, which contain clean and noisy speech from several speakers and a variety of music content. The discriminator is able to work in real time and despite its simplicity, results are very promising.
TrpA1 Regulates Defecation of Food-Borne Pathogens under the Control of the Duox Pathway

Pathogen expulsion from the gut is an important defense strategy against infection, but little is known about how interaction between the intestinal microbiome and host immunity modulates defecation. In Drosophila melanogaster, dual oxidase (Duox) kills pathogenic microbes by generating the microbicidal reactive oxygen species (ROS), hypochlorous acid (HOCl) in response to bacterially excreted uracil. The physiological function of enzymatically generated HOCl in the gut is, however, unknown aside from its anti-microbial activity. Drosophila TRPA1 is an evolutionarily conserved receptor for reactive chemicals like HOCl, but a role for this molecule in mediating responses to gut microbial content has not been described. Here we identify a molecular mechanism through which bacteria-produced uracil facilitates pathogen-clearing defecation. Ingestion of uracil increases defecation frequency, requiring the Duox pathway and TrpA1. The TrpA1(A) transcript spliced with exon10b (TrpA1(A)10b) that is present in a subset of midgut enteroendocrine cells (EECs) is critical for uracil-dependent defecation. TRPA1(A)10b heterologously expressed in Xenopus oocytes is an excellent HOCl receptor characterized with elevated sensitivity and fast activation kinetics of macroscopic HOCl-evoked currents compared to those of the alternative TRPA1(A)10a isoform. Consistent with TrpA1’s role in defecation, uracil-excreting Erwinia carotovora showed higher persistence in TrpA1-deficient guts. Taken together, our results propose that the uracil/Duox pathway promotes bacteria expulsion from the gut through the HOCl-sensitive receptor, TRPA1(A)10b, thereby minimizing the chances that bacteria adapt to survive host defense systems.
Content Analysis: A Flexible Methodology

Content analysis is a highly flexible research method that has been widely used in library and information science (LIS) studies with varying research goals and objectives. The research method is applied in qualitative, quantitative, and sometimes mixed modes of research frameworks and employs a wide range of analytical techniques to generate findings and put them into context. This article characterizes content analysis as a systematic, rigorous approach to analyzing documents obtained or generated in the course of research. It briefly describes the steps involved in content analysis, differentiates between quantitative and qualitative content analysis, and shows that content analysis serves the purposes of both quantitative research and qualitative research. The authors draw on selected LIS studies that have used content analysis to illustrate the concepts addressed in the article. The article also serves as a gateway to methodological books and articles that provide more detail about aspects of content analysis discussed only briefly in the article.
Palaeoceanographic changes in the northern Barents Sea during the last 16 000 years – new constraints on the last deglaciation of the Svalbard–Barents Sea Ice Sheet

The sediment core NP05‐71GC, retrieved from 360 m water depth south of Kvitøya, northwestern Barents Sea, was investigated for the distribution of benthic and planktic foraminifera, stable isotopes and sedimentological parameters to reconstruct palaeoceanographic changes and the growth and retreat of the Svalbard–Barents Sea Ice Sheet during the last ∼16 000 years. The purpose is to gain better insight into the timing and variability of ocean circulation, climatic changes and ice‐sheet behaviour during the deglaciation and the Holocene. The results show that glaciomarine sedimentation commenced c. 16 000 a BP, indicating that the ice sheet had retreated from its maximum position at the shelf edge around Svalbard before that time. A strong subsurface influx of Atlantic‐derived bottom water occurred from 14 600 a BP during the Bølling and Allerød interstadials and lasted until the onset of the Younger Dryas cooling. In the Younger Dryas cold interval, the sea surface was covered by near‐permanent sea ice. The early Holocene, 11 700–11 000 a BP, was influenced by meltwater, followed by a strong inflow of highly saline and chilled Atlantic Water until c. 8600 a BP. From 8600 to 7600 a BP, faunal and isotopic evidence indicates cooling and a weaker flow of the Atlantic Water followed by a stronger influence of Atlantic Water until c. 6000 a BP. Thereafter, the environment generally deteriorated. Our results imply that (i) the deglaciation occurred earlier in this area than previously thought, and (ii) the Younger Dryas ice sheet was smaller than indicated by previous reconstructions.
Evaluating service oriented architectures (SOA) in pervasive computing

Increasing popularity of the pervasive computing paradigm on one hand and the technological developments on the other, have paved the way for development and deployment of pervasive services in the everyday habitat. The service providers, who build, operate and manage services would want to maximize their revenues, and at the same time, the users would seek guarantees to support their applications. While there are a number of mechanisms proposed to build and operate service oriented architectures (SOAs) in pervasive computing arena, very little work has been done in terms of evaluating such schemes. The work presented in this paper proposes mechanisms to evaluate SOAs in pervasive computing. We also present a mechanism to evaluate service composition techniques, which are an effective way of delivering services to the end user. In earlier work, we proposed a service composition mechanism in pervasive computing environments called seamless service composition (SeSCo). We evaluate and compare SeSCo with a discover+match mechanism for the deployment of pervasive services within an automobile. We also present performance results of the two approaches through simulation
Compiling Bayesian Networks with Local Structure

Recent work on compiling Bayesian networks has reduced the problem to that of factoring CNF encodings of these networks, providing an expressive framework for exploiting local structure. For networks that have local structure, large CPTs, yet no excessive determinism, the quality of the CNF encodings and the amount of local structure they capture can have a significant effect on both the offline compile time and online inference time. We examine the encoding of such Bayesian networks in this paper and report on new findings that allow us to significantly scale this compilation approach. In particular, we obtain order-of-magnitude improvements in compile time, compile some networks successfully for the first time, and obtain ordersof-magnitude improvements in online inference for some networks with local structure, as compared to baseline jointree inference, which does not exploit local structure.
[Epidemiological survey and analysis on bronchial asthma in Guangdong Province].

OBJECTIVE To survey asthma prevalence and risk factors of asthma in Guangdong and then to provide a basic consideration for research and preventive and therapeutic poliaes for control of asthma. METHODS Using uniform scheme, procedures and questionnaire, performing stratified-cluster-disproportional-random-sampling survey for the population in six areas: Santou, Shenzhen, Zhanjiang, Shaoguan, Fushan and Guangzhou; quantitative sample the prevalence rate quantitated is 1.5% (P = 0.015, q = 0.985), a sampling number stratified = 178 x 0.985/0.015 = 11,689, if the whole province were stratified into six areas, a total of 70,134 persons were supposed to be investigated, in this survey 71,867 subjects were actually examined; all the original data were inputted into soft discs in the same form of data base structure variable definition table, and then were statistically analyzed with spas 8.0 for windows on P III/450 computer, all the prevalence rates were compared by chi 2 test. RESULTS In this survey 676 asthmatics were found, the overall prevalence rate was 0.94%, the ratio of male to female was 1.38:1; the rate of adults was 0.99% and that of children was 0.73%, three groups with higher prevalence were children of preschool period (age < 7 years, 1.03%), young period (age 18-25 years, 1.00%) and senile period (age 66-75 years, 2.99%); the rate of city (Fushan, 1.38%) was higher than that of rural area (Zhanjiang, 0.47%); the rate of old district (1.70%) was higher than that of the new district (0.23%) in Guangzhou and the rate of historic city (Fushan, 1.38%) was higher than that of the newly developed city (Shenzhen, 0.64%); risk factors found among 676 asthmatics, persons keeping pets (cat, dog, fowl, bird) in home were reported by 46.0% (311/676), those keeping cat was 43.1% (134/311), particularly those keeping cat and both cat and dog accounted for 61.7% (192/311). Persons often exposed to side-stream smoke were reported by 54.7%. Asthmatics with allergic rhinititis were reported by 38.2%. The attack contributed to change temperature or to inhale cold air was 41.6% respectively. CONCLUSION This survey had basically reflected the distribution, Frequency and intensity of asthma, the overall prevalence rate was 0.94% from which it would be estimated that there could be 670,000 asthmatics in Guangdong; the relative data will provide basis for research work concerned and mass prevention and treatment of asthma.