Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi sikap remaja Terhadap seks pranikah

This research describes about factors that influence adolescent attitudes toward premarital sex . methodology on this research was a survey design with cross sectional approach . The sample in this research are 200 students SMA N 1 Cerenti with stratified random sampling technique . Measuring instruments was used a questionnaire . The analysis was used univariate and bivariate analysis by Chi - Square test . The results showed that there is have relationship between knowledge and adolescent attitudes toward premarital sex with p value > 0 . 05 is 0 . 024 but there was no relationship between peer and adolescent attitudes toward premarital sex with p value = 1.000, there is no relationship of parents and adolescent attitudes toward premarital sex with p value = 0.880 and no relationship of r esources and adolescent attitudes toward premarital sex with a P value = 1.000. The results of this research are expected in the school in order to provide education about reproductive health and sexuality education through formal or extracurricular lessons related to sexuality , and to the parents in order to guide and give knowledge about sex to their children growing up . Keywords: A ttitudes , exposure information , parents, peers, knowledge
Immune response to a malaria infection: properties of a mathematical model

Abstract We establish some properties of a within host mathematical model of malaria proposed by Recker et al. [M. Recker et al., Transient cross-reactive immune responses can orchestrate antigenic variation in malaria, Lett. Nature 429 (2004), pp. 555–558; M. Recker and S. Gupta, Conflicting immune responses can prolong the length of infection in Plasmodium falciparum malaria, Bull. Math. Biol. 68 (2006), pp. 821–835. ], which includes the role of the immune system during the infection. The model accounts for the antigenic variation exhibited by the malaria parasite (Plasmodium falciparum). We show that the model can exhibit a wide variety of dynamical behaviours. We provide criteria for global stability, competitive exclusion and persistence. We also demonstrate that the disease equilibrium can be destabilized by non-symmetric cross-reactive responses.
Demand for maize hybrids, seed subsidies, and seed decisionmakers in Zambia

The successful development and diffusion of improved maize seed in Zambia during the 1970sâ€“80s was a major achievement of African agriculture but was predicated on a government commitment to parastatal grain and seed marketing, the provision of services to maize growers, and a pan-territorial pricing scheme that was fiscally unsustainable. Declining maize output when this system was dismantled contributed to the reinstatement in 2002 of subsidies for maize seed and fertilizer through the Fertilizer and Farmer Input Support Programs (FISP). In the meantime, seed liberalization has led to an array of new, improved maize varieties, most of which are hybrids. This analysis explores the determinants of demand for first-generation (F1) hybrid maize seed in Zambia based on a survey of maize growers during the 2010/11 cropping season. We estimate the determinants of demand with a control function approach to handle the potential endogeneity of the binary variable measuring subsidy receipt and compare determinants of demand between female and male seed decisionmakers. We find that hybrid seed use in Zambia is still very much an "affair of state" in that farmers' use of F1 hybrids is explained largely by inclusion in FISP. The quality (literacy) of the labor supply, the ratio of active labor to dependents in the household, sources of information, and length of residence in the village are predictors of maize seed subsidy receipt. Overall, we find that male and female seed decisionmakers may represent distinct demand segments. The fact that the percentage of seed decisionmakers who are women is much higher than the percentage of women who are de jure or de facto household heads has implications for the design of extension strategies and variety promotion.
Being happy and seeing "happy": Emotional state mediates visual word recognition.

Lexical decision and word-naming experiments were conducted to examine influences of emotions in visual word recognition. Emotional states of happiness and sadness were induced with classical music. In the first two experiments, happy and sad participants (and neutral-emotion participants in Experiment 2) made lexical decisions about letter-strings, some of which were words with meanings strongly associated with the emotions happiness, love, sadness, and anger. Emotional state of the perceiver was associated with facilitation of response to words categorically related to that emotion (i.e. happy and sad words). However, such facilitation was not observed for words that were related by valence, but not category, to the induced emotions (i.e. love and anger words). Evidence for categorical influences of emotional state in word recognition was also observed in a third experiment that employed a word-naming task. Together the results support a categorical emotions model of the influences of emotion in informa.
Measurement of rotational eye movement under blue light irradiation by tracking conjunctival blood vessel ends

Measurement of rotational eye movement gives suitable physiological indicators for car sickness, space sickness, visually-induced motion sickness (VIMS), dizziness, and sickness feeling. However, to get certain types of physiological indicators, a measurement system is required, which enables rotational eye movement, of which dynamic range is narrow, to be measured at high-accuracy and high-resolution. Nevertheless, among the conventional methods, the most-frequently used one for finding an eyeball rotational angle based on the contrast in the iris pattern has a disadvantage that it is difficult to measure rotational eye movement constantly within an error range of 1.0 degree. It is because the position and shape of the iris pattern vary with changes in pupil diameter depending on the conditions of ambient light. To solve this problem, turning our attention to the “conjunctival blood vessel ends” located on the periphery of the iris, which are not affected by the changes in pupil diameter, we developed a new method for measuring rotational eye movement at high speed and high accuracy by enhancing the contrast in the image of the vessels on the white of the eyeball under blue light irradiation. This paper proposes the above-mentioned new method to enable a measuring system, which is not subject to the changes in pupil diameter and eyelid closure, and has been compactly-designed in terms of both software and hardware. In our evaluation experiment, the images of rotational eye movements were captured in three subjects, and data on the vessel end positions were obtained by both visual measurement and this system to evaluate the estimated error and processing speed. The result suggests that our proposed system is capable of measuring rotational eye movement with an average of estimated errors equal to or lower than 0.24 degrees and at a processing speed equal to or higher than 78 fps, even if the pupil diameter varies widely.
The antioxidants α‐lipoic acid and N‐acetylcysteine reverse memory impairment and brain oxidative stress in aged SAMP8 mice

Oxidative stress may play a crucial role in age‐related neurodegenerative disorders. Here, we examined the ability of two antioxidants, α‐lipoic acid (LA) and N‐acetylcysteine (NAC), to reverse the cognitive deficits found in the SAMP8 mouse. By 12 months of age, this strain develops elevated levels of Aβ and severe deficits in learning and memory. We found that 12‐month‐old SAMP8 mice, in comparison with 4‐month‐old mice, had increased levels of protein carbonyls (an index of protein oxidation), increased TBARS (an index of lipid peroxidation) and a decrease in the weakly immobilized/strongly immobilized (W/S) ratio of the protein‐specific spin label MAL‐6 (an index of oxidation‐induced conformational changes in synaptosomal membrane proteins). Chronic administration of either LA or NAC improved cognition of 12‐month‐old SAMP8 mice in both the T‐maze footshock avoidance paradigm and the lever press appetitive task without inducing non‐specific effects on motor activity, motivation to avoid shock, or body weight. These effects probably occurred directly within the brain, as NAC crossed the blood–brain barrier and accumulated in the brain. Furthermore, treatment of 12‐month‐old SAMP8 mice with LA reversed all three indexes of oxidative stress. These results support the hypothesis that oxidative stress can lead to cognitive dysfunction and provide evidence for a therapeutic role for antioxidants.
Risk Factors for Post-ERCP Pancreatitis: A Prospective Multicenter Study

OBJECTIVES:Pancreatitis is the most common and serious complication of diagnostic and therapeutic ERCP. The aim of this study is to examine the potential patient- and procedure-related risk factors for post-ERCP pancreatitis in a prospective multicenter study.METHODS:A 160-variable database was prospectively collected by a defined protocol on patients undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic ERCP at 15 centers in the Midwest Pancreaticobiliary Group and participating in a randomized controlled study evaluating whether prophylactic corticosteroids will reduce the incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis. Data were collected prior to the procedure, at the time of procedure, and 24–72 h after discharge. Post-ERCP pancreatitis was diagnosed and its severity graded according to consensus criteria.RESULTS:Of the 1,115 patients enrolled, diagnostic ERCP with or without sphincter of Oddi manometry (SOM) was performed in 536 (48.1%) and therapeutic ERCP in 579 (51.9%). Suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction (SOD) was the indication for the ERCP in 378 patients (33.9%). Pancreatitis developed in 168 patients (15.1%) and was graded mild in 112 (10%), moderate in 45 (4%), and severe in 11(1%). There was no difference in the incidence of pancreatitis or the frequency of investigated potential pancreatitis risk factors between the corticosteroid and placebo groups. By univariate analysis, the incidence of post-ERCP pancreatitis was significantly higher in 19 of 30 investigated variables. In the multivariate risk model, significant risk factors with adjusted odds ratios (OR) were: minor papilla sphincterotomy (OR: 3.8), suspected SOD (OR: 2.6), history of post-ERCP pancreatitis (OR: 2.0), age <60 yr (OR: 1.6), ≥2 contrast injections into the pancreatic duct (OR: 1.5), and trainee involvement (OR: 1.5). Female gender, history of recurrent idiopathic pancreatitis, pancreas divisum, SOM, difficult cannulation, and major papilla sphincterotomy (either biliary or pancreatic) were not multivariate risk factors for post-ERCP pancreatitis.CONCLUSION:This study emphasizes the role of patient factors (age, SOD, prior history of post-ERCP pancreatitis) and technical factors (number of PD injections, minor papilla sphincterotomy, and operator experience) as the determining high-risk predictors for post-ERCP pancreatitis.
Deterministic Equivalent Performance Analysis of Time-Varying Massive MIMO Systems

Delayed channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT) due to time variation of the channel, coming from the users' relative movement with regard to the BS antennas, is an inevitable degrading performance factor in practical systems. Despite its importance, little attention has been paid to the literature of multi-cellular multiple-input massive multiple-output (MIMO) system by investigating only the maximal ratio combining (MRC) receiver and the maximum ratio transmission (MRT) precoder. Hence, the contribution of this work is designated by the performance analysis/comparison of/with more sophisticated linear techniques, i.e., a minimum-mean-square-error (MMSE) detector for the uplink and a regularized zero-forcing (RZF) precoder for the downlink are assessed. In particular, we derive the deterministic equivalents of the signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratios (SINRs), which capture the effect of delayed CSIT, and make the use of lengthy Monte Carlo simulations unnecessary. Furthermore, prediction of the current CSIT after applying a Wiener filter allows to evaluate the mitigation capabilities of MMSE and RZF. Numerical results depict that the proposed achievable SINRs (MMSE/RZF) are more efficient than simpler solutions (MRC/MRT) in delayed CSIT conditions, and yield a higher prediction at no special computational cost due to their deterministic nature. Nevertheless, it is shown that massive MIMO are preferable even in time-varying channel conditions.
EFEITOS DO CAPITAL INTELECTUAL SOBRE O DESEMPENHO FINANCEIRO EM COMPANHIAS DE CAPITAL ABERTO

O objetivo deste estudo foi identificar a influencia do Capital Intelectual, medido pelo Valor agregado do Capital Intelectual (VACI) sobre o desempenho financeiro em companhias de capital aberto. A classificacao do estudo no que se refere aos objetivos e uma pesquisa descritiva, em relacao aos procedimentos classifica-se como documental e a abordagem refere-se a analise quantitativa. A investigacao que permeia este estudo envolve as caracteristicas relacionadas ao capital intelectual, em 166 companhias listadas na BM&FBovespa, compondo a amostra no periodo de 2013. Os dados foram coletados na base de dados Economatica®. Quanto a tecnica estatistica foi utilizada a Correlacao Canonica. Os resultados da pesquisa demonstram que o capital intelectual influencia significativamente o desempenho financeiro, em companhias de capital aberto.
The imperative to change

This paper explores educational change within American public schools. Beginning with an historical analysis of change over the past century, the article scrutinizes this change, examining educational change in terms of the various reasons for its initiation and the types of change that have resulted. This analysis provides the foundation for questioning our current preoccupation with change and its disturbing lack of focus and justification.
A minimum relative entropy based correlation model between the response and covariates

A semiparametric model is presented utilizing dependence between a response and several covariates. We show that this model is optimum when the marginal distributions of the response and the covariates are known. This model extends the generalized linear model and the proportional likelihood ratio model when the marginal distributions are unknown. New interpretations of known models such as the logistic regression model, density ratio model and selection bias model are obtained in terms of dependence between variables. For estimation of parameters, a simple algorithm is presented which is guaranteed to converge. It is also the same regardless of the choice of the distribution for response and covariates; hence, it can fit a very wide variety of useful models. Asymptotic properties of the estimators of model parameters are derived. Real data examples are discussed to illustrate our approach and simulation experiments are performed to compare with existing procedures.
Long-term effect of theory of mind on school achievement: The role of sensitivity to criticism

This study adds to the research on theory of mind (ToM) and school achievement by testing whether the mediating effect of sensitivity to criticism is significant when considered longitudinally and using an index of academic performance that incorporates both direct and indirect measures. A group of 49 children was tested during the last year of kindergarten (Time 1, mean age = 5 years and 6 months), in Year 1 (Time 2, mean age = 6 years and 5 months) and Year 5 (Time 3, mean age = 10 years and 2 months) of primary school. Children's ToM and verbal ability were tested at each time point, sensitivity to criticism at Time 2 and school achievement at Time 3. Results showed that sensitivity to criticism (as indexed by self-reported ability rating) mediates the relationship between Time 1 ToM and Time 3 school achievement. Practical implications of this pattern of associations are discussed.
[Association between serum uric acid and triglyceride in a Chinese community].

OBJECTIVE To Study the association between the level of serum uric acid and triglyceride in a Chinese population. METHODS In 1999, a cross-sectional study was carried out in a natural population of Beijing, using stratified-random sampling method. Serum uric acid and triglyceride were measured in 1239 subjects. RESULTS The prevalence of hypertriglyceridemia significantly increased with increased level of serum uric acid among both the men and women. After adjusting BMI, HOMA index and alcohol consumption level with stratified methods, the incidence of hypertriglyceridemia increased with increasing level of basal serum uric acid in different levels of BMI, HOMA index and alcohol consumption. After adjusting gender, age, BMI, HOMA index, total cholesterol, smoking and alcohol consumption, the results of multivariate logistic regression analyses indicated that the odds ratio for hypertriglyceridemia as compared with the lowest quartile of serum uric acid was 1.26 (P = 0.28) for the second quartile, 1.88 (P = 0.002) for the third quartile, and 3.36 (P < 0.001) for the highest quartile. CONCLUSIONS Serum uric acid level was strongly associated with triglyceride independent of age, genders, smoking, alcohol consumption, obesity and insulin resistance.
Comprehensive comprehensions

We propose an extension to list comprehensions that makes it easy to express the kind of queries one would write in SQL using ORDER BY, GROUP BY, and LIMIT. Our extension adds expressive power to comprehensions, and generalises the SQL constructs that inspired it. It is easy to implement, using simple desugaring rules.
Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder of the Thorax: CT and FDG-PET Features in a Single Tertiary Referral Center

Abstract To investigate the chest computed tomography (CT) and F-18 fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomographic (FDG-PET) findings of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) in the thorax. From November 2004 to February 2013, the cases of 12 adult patients (3 female and 9 male, age range 34–68, and median age 46 years) with proven PTLD were retrospectively reviewed. The transplanted organs included the kidney (5/12), liver (4/12), heart (1/12), combined kidney and pancreas (1/12), and hematopoietic stem cell (1/12). We investigated the relationship of the Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) to the patients’ long-term follow-up, and evaluated the characteristics of the lesions on the chest CT and FDG-PET. The lesions were classified into 2 patterns: that of lymph node and lung involvement. The interval between the transplantation and the onset of PTLD was 2 to 128 months (median, 49). Positive EBV-encoded RNA in the pathologic specimens was found in 10 patients (83.3%). Eight patients were positive for EBV PCR in their blood, and 3 patients showed seroconversion without antiviral therapy. The responses to treatment were complete in 7 cases (58.3%), partial remission in 4 cases (33.3%), and undetermined in 1 case (8.3%). The more common chest CT patterns showed lymph node involvement (10/12) rather than lung involvement (3/12). The median maximum-standardized uptake value on the FDG-PET scans was 7.7 (range, 2.7–25.5). In patients with PTLD involving the thorax, lymphadenopathy was the more common manifestation on the chest CT rather than lung involvement. The lesions showed hypermetabolism on FDG-PET.
The Thermal Grill Illusion of Pain: Effects of Altering Placements of Warm and Cool Grill Elements

The simultaneous application of interlaced innocuous warm and cool stimuli can elicit sensations of burning heat (the Thermal Grill Illusion, TGI). The TGI is thought to reflect changes in the central interactions between somatosensory sub-modalities (i.e. cold-inhibition of pain). Previous studies used multiple alternating warm and cool bars to elicit a TGI. The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of altering the placements of warm and cool grill elements on the intensities of perceived pain and unpleasantness in 26 male subjects. Arranging the thermal grill elements in a warm flanking cool (WCW) pattern evoked significantly higher intensities of pain and unpleasantness than a cool flanking warm (CWC) pattern and a uniform warm stimulus. Conversely, CWC did not elicit significantly different intensities of perceived pain and unpleasantness than a uniform cool stimulus. This finding may reflect differences in the level of activation of central neurons.
Fingerprinting Acinetobacter strains from clinical sources by numerical analysis of electrophoretic protein patterns.

A total of 57 strains of Acinetobacter calcoaceticus was fingerprinted by SDS-PAGE of cellular protein. All strains were also examined by conventional, API and N/F-Tek methods, and antibiotic sensitivity patterns were determined. In general, using the API 20E and N/F-Tek methods, it was possible to assign isolates of A. calcoaceticus to the two accepted "biotypes" or "varieties", A.c. anitratus and A.c. lwoffi, but these methods did not offer useful subdivision of the biotypes. Gel electrophoresis permitted subdivision of the strains into clusters in a manner which suggests that the technique may be valuable in typing strains isolated during outbreaks of infection in hospital.
A robust maximum completion time measure for scheduling

One popular measure for evaluating the performance of scheduling algorithms, is the maximum response time of any job (makespan). Typically the objective is to find a schedule that minimizes the maximum response time over all jobs. One drawback of this measure is that a relatively small number of jobs in the request set could cause the maximum response time to be very high. Thus, this measure reflects local rather than global properties of the request set. In this paper we consider a robust generalization of this measure. Our goal is to minimize T, such that a given fraction of jobs can be scheduled with a response time of at most T. We demonstrate the applicability of this measure in the context of broadcast scheduling. We show that in the online setting no constant factor online approximation is possible for the problem of minimizing the maximum response time for a given fraction of jobs in the context of broadcast scheduling. We give a factor 5, polynomial time offline approximation algorithm for the problem of minimizing the maximum response time for a given fraction of jobs in the context of broadcast scheduling.
Personality Traits and Foreign Policy Attitudes in German Public Opinion

This article examines the effects of personality traits on attitudes toward foreign policy issues among the German public. Building on previous research, it argues that personality characteristics shape an individual's motivation, goals, and values, thereby providing criteria to evaluate external stimuli and affecting foreign policy opinions. An analysis of survey data from a random sample of Germans eligible to vote confirms that the personality traits play a role in attitudes toward foreign policy issues. By and large, personality affects foreign policy opinions roughly as strongly as traditional factors such as partisanship, ideology, and social background. Among the traits studied, agreeableness and openness render persons more supportive of international cooperation and more skeptical of the use of military force, whereas conscientiousness exhibits reverse effects. Thus, personality traits merit serious attention in analyses of public opinion on foreign policy.