Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Tumor-Derived Syndecan-1 Mediates Distal Cross-Talk with Bone that Enhances Osteoclastogenesis

Tumor‐stimulated bone resorption fuels tumor growth and marks a dramatic decline in the health and prognosis of breast cancer patients. Identifying mechanisms that mediate cross‐talk between tumor and bone remains a key challenge. We previously demonstrated that breast cancer cells expressing high levels of heparanase exhibit enhanced shedding of the syndecan‐1 proteoglycan. Moreover, when these heparanase‐high cells are implanted in the mammary fat pad, they elevate bone resorption. In this study, conditioned medium from breast cancer cells expressing high levels of heparanase was shown to significantly stimulate human osteoclastogenesis in vitro (p < .05). The osteoclastogenic activity in the medium of heparanase‐high cells was traced to the presence of syndecan‐1, intact heparan sulfate chains, and heat‐labile factor(s), including the chemokine interleukin 8 (IL‐8). The enhanced osteoclastogenesis promoted by the heparanase‐high cells results in a dramatic increase in bone resorption in vitro. In addition, the long bones of animals bearing heparanase‐high tumors in the mammary fat pad had significantly higher numbers of osteoclasts compared with animals bearing tumors expressing low levels of heparanase (p < .05). Together these data suggest that syndecan‐1 shed by tumor cells exerts biologic effects distal to the primary tumor and that it participates in driving osteoclastogenesis and the resulting bone destruction. © 2010 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
PI-3K/Akt Pathway-Dependent Cyclin D1 Expression Is Responsible for Arsenite-Induced Human Keratinocyte Transformation

Background Long-term exposure of arsenite leads to human skin cancer. However, the exact mechanisms of arsenite-induced human skin carcinogenesis remain to be defined. Objectives In this study, we investigated the potential role of PI-3K/Akt/cyclin D1in the transformation of human keratinocytic cells upon arsenite exposure. Methods We used the soft agar assay to evaluate the cell transformation activity of arsenite exposure and the nude mice xenograft model to determine the tumorigenesis of arsenite-induced transformed cells. We used the dominant negative mutant and gene knockdown approaches to elucidate the signaling pathway involved in this process. Results Our results showed that repeated long-term exposure of HaCat cells to arsenite caused cell transformation, as indicated by anchorage-independent growth in soft agar. The tumorigenicity of these transformed cells was confirmed in nude mice. Treatment of cells with arsenite also induced significant activation of PI-3K and Akt, which was responsible for the anchorage-independent cell growth induced by arsenite exposure. Furthermore, our data also indicated that cyclin D1 is an important downstream molecule involved in PI-3K/Akt–mediated cell transformation upon arsenite exposure based on the facts that inhibition of cyclin D1 expression by dominant negative mutants of PI-3K, and Akt, or the knockdown of the cyclin D1 expression by its specific siRNA in the HaCat cells resulted in impairing of anchorage-independent growth of HaCat cells induced by arsenite. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that PI-3K/Akt–mediated cyclin D1 expression is at least one key event implicated in the arsenite human skin carcinogenic effect.
Voices on: teachers and teaching assistants talk about inclusion

According to some authors (Thomas & Loxley, 2001), ‘inclusion’ has become something of a cliché, even being ‘evacuated of meaning’ (Benjamin, 2002). In England, teachers and teachers' assistants are required to implement inclusion but, in the absence of any universal definition of what the term means, the way in which they enact it varies depending on their understanding of this concept. In this paper, which was originally given as a performance text, we will be re‐presenting data collected in the course of narrative and autobiographical investigation of mainstream teachers and teaching assistants’ experiences and understandings of inclusion. Through these re‐presentations our aim is to illustrate and bring about an engagement with the range of perceptions and conceptualizations portrayed. These demonstrate the tensions and resistances between systemic and personal elements in their understanding of inclusion. Our focus is primarily methodological in that we explore what ‘narrative and the performance turn’ (Denzin, 2003) have to offer to research which seeks to investigate practitioners’ articulations and understandings of educational inclusion.
Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 and tissue inhibitor of MMP-1 (TIMP-1) gene polymorphisms in generalized aggressive periodontitis: gingival crevicular fluid MMP-8 and TIMP-1 levels and outcome of periodontal therapy.

BACKGROUND The aim of the present study is to investigate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-8 and tissue inhibitor of MMP-1 (TIMP-1) gene polymorphisms in generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP) and to assess the effects of MMP-8 and TIMP-1 genotypes on the outcomes of non-surgical periodontal therapy. METHODS Genomic DNA was obtained from peripheral blood of 100 patients with GAgP and 167 periodontally healthy controls. MMP-8 +17 C/G, -799 C/T, -381 A/G and TIMP-1 372 T/C, *429 T/G polymorphisms were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Patients with GAgP received non-surgical periodontal therapy and were followed for 6 months. Clinical periodontal parameters and gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples were collected at baseline and at follow-up visits. GCF biomarkers were analyzed by immunofluorescence assay and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS Distribution of the MMP-8 -799 C/T genotypes was significantly different between the GAgP and control groups (P <0.005). TIMP-1 372 T/C and *429 T/G genotypes in males were also significantly different between study groups (P <0.004). GCF MMP-8 levels decreased until 3 months after non-surgical therapy compared with baseline in T and G alleles, as well as G and C allele carriers (P <0.0125), whereas no significant decreased was observed in non-carriers (P >0.0125). CONCLUSION On the basis of the present findings, it can be suggested that MMP-8 -799 C/T and TIMP-1 372 T/C, *429 T/G gene polymorphisms in males may be associated with the susceptibility to GAgP in the Turkish population.
Some Thoughts on the Notion of Communication Strategy

An attempt is made to clarify what is meant by the term communication strategy, as opposed to terms such as learning strategy and production/perception strategy. It is proposed that communication strategies are descriptive of the learners' pattern of use of what they know as they try to communicate with speakers of the target language. Further, it is proposed that communication strategies have an interfactional function, as they are used for a joint negotiation of meaning between speaker and hearer. Specific criteria are proposed, to be used in defining the notion of communication strategy and separating this from learning and production strategies. Suggestions for future research are presented.
Prestige in Vocational Interests

Abstract Level is an important feature of occupations and occupational aspirations. Level of occupational aspiration, expectation, or attainment has long been central in sociological inquiry. Occupational or educational level is also often incorporated in materials for assisting clients with career exploration. Tracey and Rounds (this issue) have shown that when a RIASEC circumplex is combined with a prestige hierarchy, a meaningful three-dimensional representation of interests results. This representation has theoretical value. The communalities for interest scales tell their distance from the origin in the plane produced by pairs of dimensions. These distances indicate a bumpy surface topography for a three-dimensional structure. A more perfect sphere would be produced by scales with equal proportions of their variance in the three-dimensional space (and in each plane passing through the origin of this space). The pursuit of a perfect sphere could have aesthetic value, but little additional practical value. Because everyone cannot have prestigious or highly complex occupations in the present economy, it is fortunate that everyone does not want them.
The impact of relational demography on the quality of leader-member exchanges and employees' work attitudes and well-being

This study investigated the role of differences in age, organizational tenure and gender between manager and employee as potential moderators between employees' leader-member exchanges (LMX) and related work outcomes. The results support the interaction effect of manager-employee organizational tenure difference with LMX and outcome variables. Employees with a high organizational tenure difference from the manager reported the worst work outcomes when they perceived LMX was of low quality, whereas when the quality of LMX was high, they reported the highest work attitudes and well-being.
Association between Hepatic Steatosis and Entecavir Treatment Failure in Chinese Patients with Chronic Hepatitis B

Background The coexistence of HBV infection and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) becomes characteristic of liver disease in China, with unknown bilateral influence. We aimed to investigate the effect of hepatic steatosis, a common hepatocyte change in NAFLD, on antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods and Findings We carried out a prospective nested case control study in CHB patients receiving Entecavir for initial antiviral therapy, by recording demographic, anthropometric and clinical data at baseline, 24wk, 48wk and 96wk. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression were applied to find out independent factors of hepatic steatosis and Entecavir treatment failure. The rates of HBV-DNA clearance, HBeAg seroconversion and ALT normalization were compared between CHB patients with and without steatosis by post hoc analysis. A total of 267 Chinese patients with CHB entered final analysis, with overall percentages of hepatic steatosis and HBeAg positive as 30.5% and 62.4%. Multivariate analysis showed waist circumference, serum TG and uric acid levels were independent factors of hepatic steatosis. The response rates to Entecavir were 54.9%, 63.8%, 74.2% at 24wk, 48wk and 96wk. Hepatic steatosis was revealed as an independent factor of Entecavir treatment failure by multivariate logistic regression at 24wk, 48wk and 96wk. In CHB patients with hepatic steatosis, HBV-DNA clearance and HBeAg seroconversion were both lower throughout the follow-up, but only the former reached statistical significance. Besides, ALT normalization was also significantly lower at 24wk and 48wk. Conclusion Hepatic steatosis is significantly associated with Entecavir treatment failure and metabolic factors are independent factors of hepatic steatosis in CHB patients, which called for a specified antiviral strategy in CHB patients with NAFLD.
Positive versus negative face recognition decisions: confidence, accuracy, and response latency

A large amount of eyewitness identification and face recognition research has investigated the confidence-accuracy (CA) relationship. One consistent finding is that positive recognition decisions (or choosers) demonstrate superior CA calibration to negative recognition decisions (or non-choosers). This experiment tested whether an explanation of this difference, based on the information available for confidence judgements, accounted for the pattern of CA calibration in positive and negative face recognition decisions. CA calibration for positive and negative decisions was compared for both item and associative recognition judgements. Significantly greater resolution was observed for positive decisions in both the item and associative conditions. Similarly, for both judgement types, positive decisions evidenced a stronger response latency-accuracy relationship than negative decisions. Implications for diagnosing the accuracy of eyewitness identification are discussed. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Language: en
Parental reactions to infant death: The effects of resources and coping strategies

The aim of this research was to examine, from a stress and coping perspective, the effects of resources (both personal and environmental) and coping strategies on parental reactions to infant death. One hundred and twenty-seven parents (60 fathers, 67 mothers) participated in the study. The predictors of parental distress (background factors, resources, coping methods) were initially assessed at 4-6 weeks post-loss. Parental distress (assessed using a composite measure of psychiatric disturbance, physical symptoms, and perinatal grief) was further assessed at 6 months post-loss and at 15 months postloss. After control for the stability in adjustment across time, there was consistent evidence that higher levels of education were associated with lower levels of parental distress over time. Among mothers, the number of friends in whom mothers had the confidence to confide emerged as a positive predictor of adjustment to infant death. A reliance on problem-focused coping was associated with greater maternal distress at 6 months post-loss, whereas coping by seeking support was associated with less distress at 15 months post-loss. There is no evidence that background factors and resources influenced parental distress through coping.
Aqueous Concentrations of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Eyes with High Myopia with and without Choroidal Neovascularization

Purpose. To investigate aqueous concentrations of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in eyes with myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Methods. Aqueous samples were collected, and VEGF concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 16 eyes (16 patients) with active myopic CNV, 23 eyes (16 patients) with high myopia without myopic CNV, and 8 control eyes (7 patients). Differences in the concentrations of VEGF in each group were compared. Results. The estimated mean VEGF concentrations were significantly lower in eyes with myopic CNV (82.0 pg/mL) (P = 0.016 ) and with high myopia without myopic CNV (58.9 pg/mL) (P < 0.001) compared with controls (116.6 pg/mL). The estimated mean VEGF concentration was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in eyes with myopic CNV than in those without myopic CNV in highly myopic eyes. In eyes with high myopia with and without CNV, the VEGF concentration was significantly (stepwise regression analysis, R = 0.325, P = 0.044) associated with the presence of myopic CNV but not with age, axial length, or intraocular pressure. Conclusion. Increased levels of VEGF may play a role in the pathogenesis of CNV in highly myopic eyes.
Gendered Socio-Spatial Practices in Public Eating and Drinking Establishments in the Midwest United States

Understanding how space is used in gendered social practice is crucial to gender constructionists' theorizing and research. Gendered socio-spatial practices help explain how power asymmetries between women and men carry over from one social setting to the next. In this article we integrate research on gender and space and on gender and practice in an examination of how female and male customers, employees and food and drink establishment owners structure, occupy, use and control physical and symbolic space in routine social practices in ‘public’ places. Gendered social practices, we argue, occur not only in space; they utilize, shape and, at times, obstruct, monopolize, give and give up space. Our findings, based on 76 hours of observations in 17 food and drink establishments in the Midwest United States, and interviews with the 17 women and men owners of those businesses, challenge oversimplified notions of separate private and public ‘spheres,’ and of the autonomy and power women and men experience in these arenas—as owners, managers, workers and as customers.
A deep sparse coding method for fine-grained visual categorization

In the fine-grained categories, images have lager diversity in their intra categories. Meanwhile, they have more similarity in their inter categories. Therefore, images are difficultly distinguish during fine-grained visual classification(FGVC). This paper proposes a deep sparse coding framework to implement the fine-grained visual categorization. In our framework, deep layer structures with sparse coding are used to learn different spatial features. Especially, for categories with asymmetric structure, a quick and efficient pose estimation method is introduced to calibrate their poses. This framework is evaluated using two fine-grained datasets, i.e. Oxford 102 flowers dataset and the CUB-200-2011 bird dataset. Final experimental results show that the performance of our proposed system is highly competitive with state-of-the-art algorithms.
Deafferentation of the Affected Arm: A Method to Improve Rehabilitation?

Background and Purpose— Reduced somatosensation is a common impairment after stroke. This somatosensory deficit is known to be a reliable predictor of poor rehabilitation outcome. Several methods of physical therapy have addressed this problem, but with only moderate success. Here, we used a new neural plasticity-based approach, ie, a simple, inexpensive, pharmacologically induced temporary functional deafferentation (TFD) of the forearm to investigate whether TFD might result in beneficial effects on the somatosensory sensibility and motor capacity of the stroke-affected hand. Methods— Examination was performed over 2 consecutive days of an efficient rehabilitation program for stroke patients referred to as constraint-induced movement therapy. Patients were deafferented on one of these days but not on the other (placebo session). The order of deafferentation and nondeafferentation was counterbalanced across patients. TFD of the stroke-affected forearm was realized using an anesthetic cream. Somatosensory abilities were assessed by a Grating orienting task, and a shape-sorter drum task was used to test motor performance. Both tests were performed each day before and after the constraint-induced movement therapy training session. Results— We found significantly better outcomes for Grating orienting task and shape-sorter drum task after TFD on the forearm as compared to placebo, indicating increased somatosensory abilities and motor performance in stroke patients using the simple TFD procedure. Conclusions— The improvement was achieved during the course of one of the best established poststroke rehabilitation programs, suggesting that TFD on the more affected forearm might become an efficient additional tool in stroke rehabilitation.
Promoting Modern Technology and Internet Access for Under-Represented Older Populations

Abstract Bridging the Gap, a South Australian research based program, was designed to introduce the concepts of modern technology and some Internet skills to people over 55. Target populations included people in rural areas, those with a first language other than English and people who were frail or had a disability. Informal, interactive, hands-on sessions were developed which demonstrated the concepts underpinning modern computer-based devices and their applications in society. Major findings indicated that most participants identified feeling less anxious and more confident about using modern technology after the program and that they were using a new range of computer-based skills.
Control of Stance and Developmental Coordination Disorder: The Role of Visual Information

The purpose of this study was to compare the postural sway profiles of 20 boys with and without Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) on two conditions of a quiet standing task: eyes open and eyes closed. Anterior-posterior (AP) sway, medio-lateral sway (LAT), area of sway, total path length, and Romberg’s quotient were analyzed. When visual information was available, there was no difference between groups in LAT sway or path length. However, boys with DCD demonstrated more AP sway (p < .01) and greater area of sway (p < .03), which resulted in pronounced excursions closer to their stability limits. Analysis of Romberg’s quotient indicated that boys with DCD did not over-rely on visual information.
Viewpoint Adaptation for Rigid Object Detection

An object detector performs suboptimally when applied to image data taken from a viewpoint different from the one with which it was trained. In this paper, we present a viewpoint adaptation algorithm that allows a trained single-view object detector to be adapted to a new, distinct viewpoint. We first illustrate how a feature space transformation can be inferred from a known homography between the source and target viewpoints. Second, we show that a variety of trained classifiers can be modified to behave as if that transformation were applied to each testing instance. The proposed algorithm is evaluated on a person detection task using images from the PETS 2007 and CAVIAR datasets, as well as from a new synthetic multi-view person detection dataset. It yields substantial performance improvements when adapting single-view person detectors to new viewpoints, and simultaneously reduces computational complexity. This work has the potential to improve detection performance for cameras viewing objects from arbitrary viewpoints, while simplifying data collection and feature extraction.
“It’s not them, it’s me”: competing discourses in one aspiring teacher’s talk

In this paper, we deploy M.M. Bakhtin’s notions about how language works to understand aspiring teachers’ struggles about the intersecting roles race, class, gender, language background, and sexual orientation play in students’ school lives and learning. Through life-history interviews and document analysis, we investigated the authoritative and internally persuasive discourses one aspiring teacher brought with her and took from a 15-week long course on a predominantly White Midwestern public university campus. Ideas she encountered in the course and its required tutoring component challenged her thinking about how various facets of people’s lives (such as those we list above) and the contexts in which they live, work and are schooled, affect how they are perceived, what they know, and can do.
The Vertex Version of Weighted Wiener Number for Bicyclic Molecular Structures

Graphs are used to model chemical compounds and drugs. In the graphs, each vertex represents an atom of molecule and edges between the corresponding vertices are used to represent covalent bounds between atoms. We call such a graph, which is derived from a chemical compound, a molecular graph. Evidence shows that the vertex-weighted Wiener number, which is defined over this molecular graph, is strongly correlated to both the melting point and boiling point of the compounds. In this paper, we report the extremal vertex-weighted Wiener number of bicyclic molecular graph in terms of molecular structural analysis and graph transformations. The promising prospects of the application for the chemical and pharmacy engineering are illustrated by theoretical results achieved in this paper.