Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Send Orders of Reprints at Reprints@benthamscience.org Representativeness of Offensive Scenarios to Evaluate Perceptual- Cognitive Expertise of Soccer Players

In soccer, players have to carry out fast and accurate decisions in a complex and variable environment. The purpose of the present study was to set representative attacking sequences trials for further use in the research of perceptual -cognitive skills for playing soccer. Elite Portuguese soccer coaches (n = 4, UEFA-A) were presented with separate test film sequences encompassing structured attacking soccer actions to determine the representativeness of the scenarios. In the experiment 41 offensive clips were viewed by the coaches. Each clip has approximately 5 s long with an inter-trial interval of 5 s. To help the participants to the viewing process, just before the start of each clip a small circle surrounding the ball it is shown on screen to indicate the area of its first appearance. The order of presentation of video clips was counterbalanced and randomly determined, during both moments of evaluation. In all testing film sequences watched the representativeness of an attacking soccer phase was significantly concordant among the observers (W = 1, p < 0.05). The reliability between observers was statistically consistent (! = 0.889). And the reproducibility of the results between both moments of evaluation was very high (Z = 0; p = 1). The entire footage could be used in research that required knowing the tactical awareness of soccer players.
Learning to confront complexity: what roles can a computer-based problem-solving scenario play?

Abstract This paper gives an example of how computer-based problem-solving scenarios can be embedded in a course on sustainability, in order to illustrate the highly versatile way in which such scenarios can be used to structure and evaluate learning on complexity on an individual level, as well as learning in diverse groups. After defining criteria, a computer-based problem-solving scenario has to meet in order to be useful for training competencies associated with confronting complexity, the application of one specific scenario, the Genetics Lab, is empirically evaluated on base of three student cohorts. Results suggest that existing approaches to sustainability education can be substantially complemented by computer-based problem-solving scenarios, offering genuine learning opportunities and deepening and personalizing the comprehension of known phenomena in complex problem-solving. The paper closes by offering lessons learned from the presented approach and gives advice and outlook on future applications of such scenarios in sustainability education.
New higher education president integration: change and resistance viewed through social power bases and a change model lens

ABSTRACT This study investigates how new presidents of higher education institutions struggle to understand their organisations, paying special attention to campus resistance, and how new presidents manage institutional dynamics and expectations. A qualitative study using a phenomenological approach is conducted with 11 single-campus presidents of four-year institutions, all of whom had been in post for less than four years. Lewin’s change model, along with French and Raven’s bases of power model, provides the conceptual framework for the study. Participant responses are categorised into four themes: disequilibrium, change/transition, resistance and change readiness. The results show that institutional discord was common and all presidents struggled to navigate the change process. All presidents found their position to be more challenging than expected. Presidents who utilised good data presentation and communication alongside transparent leadership often earned referential or expert power; these presidents were better prepared to influence change efforts and reduce resistance to change initiatives.
“Why would you want to do that work?” The positive impact on therapists of working with child victims of sexual abuse in Ireland: a thematic analysis

Abstract Research on the impact on psychotherapists of working with trauma has typically focused on negative impact and protective strategies and supports for therapists working in this field, such as self-care strategies and supervision. Yet many clinicians speak of the rewarding and fulfilling experiences of working with those who have been sexually abused. This study explored the positive impact of working with children who have been sexually abused in a sample of psychotherapists in Ireland. Unstructured interviews were conducted with nine female therapists who work in a specialist sexual abuse service with child victims of sexual abuse. An inductive thematic analysis identified four key themes: “the struggle to talk about the positive impact”, “professional satisfaction from helping children”, “learning life lessons from children” and “the magical connection that happens in therapy”. The findings show that, despite therapists’ tendency to think about negative impact, when encouraged to do so they described finding the work professionally rewarding, experiencing an enhancement of their own attitudes and lives through learning from the children they worked with and feeling uplifted within the therapeutic relationship with the child. Suggestions are offered for future research that may provide a broader understanding of the positive impact of this work.
What's in a marking?: Aerial identification numbering of fire appliances

Emergency vehicles worldwide have unique aerial identification numbering on the rooves for ease of identification for aerial support, particularly if the individuals crewing the vehicle need exigent assistance. Drawing on an actual event from the 2013 Blue Mountains Wildfire, this paper highlights how aerial support from a water bombing aircraft was unable to read the existing black aerial identification numbering of a fire appliance because the black identification number coalesced with the black plumes of smoke emitted by the wildfire. Given the extensive technological development in the application of high visibility markings over the past twenty-one years, the current black and aerial identification numbering used by the New South Wales Rural Fire Service on their fire appliances is far from adequate, doing little to provide optimum safety for fire ground crews in a wildfire. This paper concludes that the current black aerial identification numbering should be replaced with high visibility aerial identification numbering markings because these have greater visibility for aerial support in a wildfire particularly in the colours of red, lime, yellow, orange or blue.
Forming the First Stars in the Universe: The Fragmentation of Primordial Gas

In order to constrain the initial mass function of the first generation of stars (Population III), we investigate the fragmentation properties of metal-free gas in the context of a hierarchical model of structure formation. We investigate the evolution of an isolated 3 σ peak of mass 2 × 106 M☉ that collapses at zcoll ≃ 30 using smoothed particle hydrodynamics. We find that the gas dissipatively settles into a rotationally supported disk that has a very filamentary morphology. The gas in these filaments is Jeans unstable with MJ ~ 103 M☉. Fragmentation leads to the formation of high-density (n > 108 cm-3) clumps that subsequently grow in mass by accreting the surrounding gas and by merging with other clumps up to masses of ~104 M☉. This suggests that the very first stars were rather massive. We explore the complex dynamics of the merging and tidal disruption of these clumps by following their evolution over a few dynamical times.
A new insight into arable weed adaptive evolution: mutations endowing herbicide resistance also affect germination dynamics and seedling emergence.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Selective pressures exerted by agriculture on populations of arable weeds foster the evolution of adaptive traits. Germination and emergence dynamics and herbicide resistance are key adaptive traits. Herbicide resistance alleles can have pleiotropic effects on a weed's life cycle. This study investigated the pleiotropic effects of three acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) alleles endowing herbicide resistance on the seed-to-plant part of the life cycle of the grass weed Alopecurus myosuroides. METHODS In each of two series of experiments, A. myosuroides populations with homogenized genetic backgrounds and segregating for Leu1781, Asn2041 or Gly2078 ACCase mutations which arose independently were used to compare germination dynamics, survival in the soil and seedling pre-emergence growth among seeds containing wild-type, heterozygous and homozygous mutant ACCase embryos. KEY RESULTS Asn2041 ACCase caused no significant effects. Gly2078 ACCase major effects were a co-dominant acceleration in seed germination (1·25- and 1·10-fold decrease in the time to reach 50 % germination (T50) for homozygous and heterozygous mutant embryos, respectively). Segregation distortion against homozygous mutant embryos or a co-dominant increase in fatal germination was observed in one series of experiments. Leu1781 ACCase major effects were a co-dominant delay in seed germination (1·41- and 1·22-fold increase in T50 for homozygous and heterozygous mutant embryos, respectively) associated with a substantial co-dominant decrease in fatal germination. CONCLUSIONS Under current agricultural systems, plants carrying Leu1781 or Gly2078 ACCase have a fitness advantage conferred by herbicide resistance that is enhanced or counterbalanced, respectively, by direct pleiotropic effects on the plant phenology. Pleiotropic effects associated with mutations endowing herbicide resistance undoubtedly play a significant role in the evolutionary dynamics of herbicide resistance in weed populations. Mutant ACCase alleles should also prove useful to investigate the role played by seed storage lipids in the control of seed dormancy and germination.
Tainted Love: The Impact of Prison on Mothering Identity Explored via Mothers’ Post Prison Reflections

1 Issue 233 Mothers enter prison already disadvantaged, judged, excluded and most often in pain. Prison magnifies challenges to mothering and mothering identity. This paper reflects on the described experiences of previously incarcerated mothers. The paper focuses particularly on the emotional aspects of the mother’s experience, how being an imprisoned mother challenges her mothering identity and the mothering role; both during incarceration and long after release. The paper draws on the authors ongoing doctoral research, the purpose of which is to ‘understand more about the impact of prison on mothers who experience custody’, as well as the author’s previous research in this important area. The data is drawn from indepth interviews which took place with 21 released mothers between January 2016 and October 2016. All participants volunteered to take part and gave appropriate informed consent. The mothers had been out of prison for periods ranging from one to 26 years since their last sentence and were aged between 19 and 66.
An Evaluation of Information Systems Success: A User Perspective - the Case of Jordan Telecom Group

Assessing the success of Information Systems (ISs) has been identified as one of the most critical issues in IS field. Several conceptual and empirical studies have been conducted to explore this confusing yet important issue. A huge debate continues concerning the appropriate set of variables that can be used to determine the users' perception of ISs success. However, studies relating to this issue within the context of Arab countries are few and lack the ability to propose an appropriate evaluation criterion for Arab organizations. This study is one step ahead and aims to propose and empirically test an evaluation model for ISs success from the users’ perspective. Accordingly, this study is of two folds including the theoretical fold which deals with the conceptual elements leading to the appropriate evaluation criterion and the empirical fold which deals with testing the proposed model. Among the five factors that were explored in this study, four factors were determined as influential factors including system's usefulness, user's technical capabilities, information quality and management support. System's ease of use was excluded from our proposed model. The findings of this study are expected to add value to ISs' investments as well as to increase the rate of success for costly ISs initiatives.
Preschool to School: Transition through the Eyes of Teachers

viii Chapter I: Introduction . 1 School Readiness.2 Transition . 4 Problem Statement . 9 Research Question . 10 Purpose of Study . 10 Settings and Participant Selection . 11 Data Collection . 11 Data Analysis . 12 Strengths and Limitations.12 Significance of Study . 13 Organization of Study . 13 Chapter 2: Review of the Literature . 15 School Readiness.15 Transition . 21 Chapter 3: Research Methods . 40 Design.40 Setting.41 Sampling/Participants.42 Data Collection . 43
The Frequency of Carbon-enhanced Metal-poor Stars in the Galaxy from the HERES Sample

We estimate the frequency of carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars among very metal-poor stars, based on an analysis of 349 stars with available high-resolution spectra observed as part of the Hamburg/ESO R-process Enhanced Star (HERES) survey. We obtain that a lower limit of 21% ± 2% of stars with [Fe/H] ≤ -2.0 exhibit [C/Fe] ≥ +1.0. These fractions are higher than those that have been reported by recent examinations of this question, based on substantially smaller samples of stars. We discuss the source of this difference and suggest that in order to take into account effects that result in a decrease of surface carbon abundance with advancing evolution, a definition of CEMP stars based on a [C/Fe] cutoff that varies as a function of luminosity is more appropriate. We discuss the likely occurrence of dilution and mixing for many CEMP stars, which, if properly accounted for, would increase this fraction still further.
Postsynaptic Density Scaffold SAP102 Regulates Cortical Synapse Development through EphB and PAK Signaling Pathway

Membrane-associated guanylate kinases (MAGUKs), including SAP102, PSD-95, PSD-93, and SAP97, are scaffolding proteins for ionotropic glutamate receptors at excitatory synapses. MAGUKs play critical roles in synaptic plasticity; however, details of signaling roles for each MAGUK remain largely unknown. Here we report that SAP102 regulates cortical synapse development through the EphB and PAK signaling pathways. Using lentivirus-delivered shRNAs, we found that SAP102 and PSD-95, but not PSD-93, are necessary for excitatory synapse formation and synaptic AMPA receptor (AMPAR) localization in developing mouse cortical neurons. SAP102 knockdown (KD) increased numbers of elongated dendritic filopodia, which is often observed in mouse models and human patients with mental retardation. Further analysis revealed that SAP102 coimmunoprecipitated the receptor tyrosine kinase EphB2 and RacGEF Kalirin-7 in neonatal cortex, and SAP102 KD reduced surface expression and dendritic localization of EphB. Moreover, SAP102 KD prevented reorganization of actin filaments, synapse formation, and synaptic AMPAR trafficking in response to EphB activation triggered by its ligand ephrinB. Last, p21-activated kinases (PAKs) were downregulated in SAP102 KD neurons. These results demonstrate that SAP102 has unique roles in cortical synapse development by mediating EphB and its downstream PAK signaling pathway. Both SAP102 and PAKs are associated with X-linked mental retardation in humans; thus, synapse formation mediated by EphB/SAP102/PAK signaling in the early postnatal brain may be crucial for cognitive development.
An Interactive Simulation Framework for Burning Objects

We present a simulation framework to integrate several aspects of the combustion and burning process in a unified and modular manner. A simple three gas flame model is used to simulate a combustion process, while air motion is simulated as a single moving fluid. Solid objects inside the simulation domain can catch fire and start burning. Heat information is transferred from the fluid simulator to a solid simulator, while the solid simulator injects fuel into the fluid simulation. We also present a simple yet effective method for modeling of object decomposition under combustion using level set methods. The interaction between modules is presented as well as a discussion of fluid-solid coupling. All simulation modules run together at interactive rates, enabling the user to tweak the simulation parameters and setup for desired behavior 1 .
A new priority calculation method for sorted-priority fair queuing

The packet priority calculation method, also referred to as packet selection policy, is a necessary component for sorted priority based packet schedulers. A new packet priority calculation method, called smallest middle-point finish time first (SMFF), is proposed. An analysis model, called packet rate proportional server plus (PRPS+), based on the packet rate proportional server (PRPS) is developed to act as the start point for the discussion on the SMFF. It is shown that the packet schedulers based on sorted-priority can be modeled by the PRPS+ class, (such as weighted fair queuing, start-time fair queuing, self clocked fair queuing and worst-case fair weighted fair queuing); it is demonstrated that the scheduling fairness is improved if their priority calculation methods are replaced by SMFF.
On the Interpretation of Instrumental Variables in the Presence of Specification Errors

The method of instrumental variables (IV) and the generalized method of moments (GMM), and their applications to the estimation of errors-in-variables and simultaneous equations models in econometrics, require data on a sufficient number of instrumental variables that are both exogenous and relevant. We argue that, in general, such instruments (weak or strong) cannot exist.
A framework for evaluating pseudonym strategies in vehicular ad-hoc networks

The standard approach to privacy-friendly authentication in vehicular ad-hoc networks is the use of pseudonym certificates. The level of location privacy users can enjoy under the threat of an attacker depends on the attacker's coverage and strategy as well as on the users' strategy for changing their pseudonym certificates. With this paper, we propose a generic framework for evaluation and comparison of different pseudonym change strategies with respect to the privacy level they provide under the threat of a realistic, local, passive attacker. To illustrate the applicability of this framework, we propose a new tracking strategy that achieves unprecedented success in vehicle tracking and thus lowers the achievable location privacy significantly. We use this attacker as a means to evaluate different pseudonym change strategies and highlight the need for more research in this direction.
The Multi-attribute Linear Ballistic Accumulator Model of Decision-making

The Multi-attribute Linear Ballistic Accumulator Model of Decision-making Jennifer S. Trueblood (jstruebl@uci.edu) Department of Cognitive Sciences, University of California, Irvine Irvine, CA 92697 USA Scott D. Brown and Andrew Heathcote {scott.brown, andrew.heathcote}@newcastle.edu. au School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, Australia Callaghan, NSW 2308 AU Abstract greater preference for X when A X is included in the choice set {X,Y } as compared to when A Y is included (and vice versa for Y ). Mathematically, the attraction effect occurs when Pr[X|{X,Y, A X }] > Pr[X|{X,Y, A Y }] and Pr[Y |{X,Y, A X }] Pr[Y |{X,Y, S Y }]. The compromise effect refers to the enhancement of an op- tion when it is presented as a compromise between two other alternatives. For the choice set {X,Y }, let C X and C Y be extreme options that make X and Y take the middle ground respectively. For example, if X is a cheap, low quality cell phone, then C X might be drastically cheaper and extremely
Altruistic Scheduling in Multi-Resource Clusters

Given the well-known tradeoffs between fairness, performance, and efficiency, modern cluster schedulers often prefer instantaneous fairness as their primary objective to ensure performance isolation between users and groups. However, instantaneous, short-term convergence to fairness often does not result in noticeable long-term benefits. Instead, we propose an altruistic, long-term approach, CARBYNE, where jobs yield fractions of their allocated resources without impacting their own completion times. We show that leftover resources collected via altruisms of many jobs can then be rescheduled to further secondary goals such as application-level performance and cluster efficiency without impacting performance isolation. Deployments and large-scale simulations show that CARBYNE closely approximates the state-of-the-art solutions (e.g., DRF [27]) in terms of performance isolation, while providing 1:26× better efficiency and 1:59× lower average job completion time.
Sensitivity of the sodium and potassium channels of Myxicola giant axons to changes in external pH

Myxicola giant axons were studied using standard voltage-clamp techniques in solutions whose pH values ranged from 3.9 to 10.2. Buffer concentrations of 50 mM or greater were necessary to demonstrate the full effect of pH. In acidic solutions the axon underwent a variable depolarization, and both the sodium and potassium conductances were reversibly depressed with approximate pKa's of 4.8 and 4.4, respectively. The voltage dependence of GNa was only slightly altered by acidic conditions, whereas there occurred large shifts in GK along the voltage axis consistent with a substantial decrease in net negative surface charge in the vicinity of the K+ channels. The sodium and potassium activation rate constants were decreased by acidic conditions, but the results could not be described as a simple translation along the voltage axis.
Barriers and Facilitators of Screening for Sexually Transmitted Infections in Adolescent Girls and Young Women in Mombasa, Kenya: A Qualitative Study

Objective Young women bear the greatest burden of sexually transmitted infections (STIs), so it is important to identify and address barriers to STI screening in this population. We conducted a qualitative study to explore the feasibility of STI screening among adolescent girls and young women in Mombasa, Kenya. Methods We conducted 17 in-depth interviews (IDIs) (8 with adolescent girls and 9 with young women) and 6 focus group discussions (FGDs) (4 with adolescent girls and 2 with young women, total 55 participants). The audio recordings for the IDIs and FGDs were translated and transcribed into English. Transcripts were independently reviewed by two researchers, and a set of codes was designed to help analyze the data using the content analysis approach. Data content was then analyzed manually and digitally using ATLAS.ti, and consensus was reached on central and specific emergent themes discussed by the research team. Results Adolescent girls and young women in Mombasa, Kenya expressed willingness to participate in STI screening. A major incentive for screening was participants’ desire to know their STI status, especially following perceived high-risk sexual behavior. Lack of symptoms and fear of positive test results were identified as barriers to STI screening at the individual level, while parental notification and stigmatization from parents, family members and the community were identified as barriers at the community level. Uncomfortable or embarrassing methods of specimen collection were an additional barrier. Thus, urine-based screening was felt to be the most acceptable. Conclusion Kenyan adolescent girls and young women seem willing to participate in screening for STIs using urine testing. Addressing stigmatization by parents, health care workers and the community could further facilitate STI screening in this population.