Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Industrial relations climate: Testing a construct

Using the concept of organizational climate, this paper reports a study conducted to validate a measure of industrial relations climate. Industrial relations climate is defined as a subset of organizational climate that pertains to the norms and attitudes reflecting union-management relationships in an organization. Data were collected by means of extensive interviews with management and union representatives, and by distributing a questionnaire to 729 employees in two organizations in Canada. The results showed the validity and the reliability of five scales measuring industrial relations climate. Four of the climate scales also demonstrated strong within-organization and within-group agreement (based on union/non-union membership, bargaining unit and departmental affiliation). The potential theoretical and practical use of this construct for future research is discussed.
Employed Women and Marital Satisfaction: A Study among Female Nurses

Marital satisfaction is an essential element for successful family life and personal growth. The fulfillment and positive development will be possible only when the relationship between couples is coherent and satisfactory. Different factors have significant influence on the marital satisfaction, like personality of the partner, nature of job, child rearing responsibility, sexual satisfaction and communication patterns are some of the examples. The active engagement of women’s in the employment sector and their dual role has significant correlation with the marital satisfaction, especially in a society like India. Professionals who are engaged in health care sector, especially private sector nurses are having stresses in relation with shifts, long hours of duty low payment. Apart from this they are playing dual role as breadwinner and the care taker of family. These aspects are having significant correlation in the family life too. The present study has focus on the marital satisfaction of female nurses who are working in private hospitals. The descriptive study has conducted among 110 nurses by using questionnaire, which includes socio demographic profile and marital satisfaction scale. It’s drawn from the study that more than half of the respondents moderately satisfied in their family life. The level of satisfaction has significantly influenced by different personal and relationship variable.
Temperament, school adjustment, and academic achievement: existing research and future directions

Since the 1980s, research has been examining the role of temperament in education. In particular, academic achievement and school adjustment were among the first variables to be examined. Subsequently, several studies have documented associations between temperament and either academic achievement or school adjustment. However, no review of this literature has been conducted to obtain a clear understanding of the findings of existing research and the issues associated with them. Thus, the purpose of this article is to review the literature relating temperament to academic achievement and school adjustment. This review examined three areas in the study of temperament (a) the definition of temperament, (b) the measurement of temperament, and (c) the results of the reviewed studies. All the reviewed studies found significant correlations between children's temperaments and school adjustment as well as between temperament and academic achievement. Detailed descriptions of the characteristics of the reviewed studies are provided. Considerations for future research directions are also discussed.
Effects of Ultrasound Modes on Mandibular Osteodistraction

Previous studies have shown that therapeutic pulsed ultrasound (pulsed) has superior stimulatory effect on bone fracture healing compared with continuous ultrasound (continuous). Our predictive hypothesis was that pulsed ultrasound can produce better bone formation during mandibular osteodistraction than continuous ultrasound. Thirty-six New Zealand rabbits were divided into 3 groups of 12. Osteodistraction was performed at 3 mm/day for 5 days. Group 1 received pulsed, group 2 received continuous ultrasound, and group 3 was the control group (distraction only). Bone formation was assessed by quantitative bone density (QBD), mechanical testing, and histological examination. In the first 2 wks post-distraction, group 2 showed enhanced bone formation more than group 1 (p < 0.05); however, in the 3rd and 4th wks, group 1 showed more bone formation than group 2 (p < 0.05). Earlier stages of bone healing were enhanced more by continuous, whereas late stages were enhanced more by pulsed, ultrasound. Abbreviations: PULSED, low-intensity pulsed ultrasound; CONTINUOUS, low-intensity continuous ultrasound.
Genetic factors in the ontogeny of spoken language: evidence from monozygotic and dizygotic twins

ABSTRACT Recent controversy about the innateness of language has awakened interest in the genetic basis of linguistic development. In this study, we analysed more extensively data from Mather & Black (1984). in order to test the hypothesis that the speech articulation of monozygotic (MZ) twins would be qualitatively more similar than that of age- and sex-matched dizygotic (DZ) twins. Analyses revealed that 4–year-old MZ twin pairs were significantly more likely to misproduce the same sounds on an articulation test than were DZ twin pairs, and that DZ twins were no more likely to share errors than were children who were both genetically and environmentally unrelated. There was no evidence that MZ twins made more similar errors than DZ twins, and indeed it was difficult to make this determination since only broad categories of error (substitution, distortion, omission) were available for analysis. The greater amount of genetic material shared by MZ twins, and the presumably more similar morphology of their speech mechanisms, may have caused certain sound patterns to be of more nearly equal difficulty for both members of a MZ pair. However, these findings need to be confirmed with phonetically more detailed analyses.
Contingency Theory and Culture: A Study of Matched English and the Indian Manufacturing Firms

This paper reports on some of the findings of a cross-national study of organizational structure and management style conducted in England and India which, among other things, examines the validity of the model advocated by the proponents of the contingency perspective. The model, although it gains considerable support from some of the findings, is found to be inadequate in many respects. Differences are found between firms in the two societies and in relationships among variables that are not explicable by the conventional contingency model, but are consistent with differences in socio-economic conditions and with employees' cultural traits. The English and Indian cultures are contrasted.
Validating reasons for medication discontinuation in electronic patient records at hospital discharge.

RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES The accuracy of health care professionals in reporting safety events determines their usefulness for both system improvement and research. The study objectives were to: (1) validate (assess the accuracy of) the reasons recorded by doctors and pharmacists for discontinuing medication orders at discharge in a hospital's electronic patient records (EPR); (2) investigate the causes of any detected recording inaccuracy; and (3) collect preliminary data on the frequency and types of medication discontinuation. METHODS This was a validation study in one English hospital. The study comprised two steps: extraction of discontinued medication orders from the EPR followed by short structured interviews with doctors and pharmacists who made the discontinuation. A total of 104 discontinued orders were discussed during 15 face-to-face and six telephone interviews. The software package spss was used for data analysis. RESULTS Duplication of therapy (27, 25.2%), omission of drug (23, 21.5%) and dosage regimen change (19, 17.8%) were the three most frequent reasons given for discontinuing medications. The majority of recorded discontinuation reasons were correct (100, 96.2%) and complete (101, 97.1%), and hence were judged accurate (97, 93.3%). The difference in accurate recording between doctors (15, 88.2%) and pharmacists (82, 94.3%) was not statistically significant. Potential causes of recording inaccuracy included: slip or lapse, lack of training, carelessness and electronic system rigidity. CONCLUSION This study showed that doctors and pharmacists recorded accurate reasons for the majority of the discontinued medication orders. It also showed that utilizing pharmacists' recorded reasons during clinical interventions using EPR was beneficial in understanding and characterizing prescribing errors. Although they require further research, the reasons identified present preliminary data about the most prevalent types of pharmacists' interventions during hospital discharge.
An inquiry into the emotional impact of sight loss and the counselling experiences and needs of blind and partially sighted people

Abstract Background: The link between sight loss and depression is well documented. The UK Vision Strategy seeks to bring the emotional impact of sight loss into public awareness and improve access to emotional support for visually impaired people. However, dedicated counselling services for visually impaired people remain scarce, and research into the effectiveness of psychological interventions is predominantly anecdotal rather than evidence based. Aim: To explore the emotional impact of sight loss in four core areas (mood, self concept, social connectedness and loss), and to explore the counselling experiences and needs of blind and partially sighted adults. Method: Data were collected using the mental health and social functioning sub-scales of the National Eye Institute Visual Functioning Questionnaire-25 and semi-structured interviews transcribed and analysed using grounded theory. Results: Participants with a serious eye condition shared a common transition from sight to blindness, starting with di.
The occupational milieu of the nude dancer

This article is a descriptive study of the occupation of the nude dancer/stripper. Data were obtained from in‐depth interviews with 57 dancers. These interviews were augmented by 36 extensive in‐depth interviews with nondancers who were also employed at dancing establishments and by observations of interactions within strip clubs. The respondents were employed at a variety of dancing establishments, from more traditional nude dancing or strip clubs to the newer upscale “gentlemen's clubs. ” This research investigates the physical and cultural space of the female nude dancer, her performance, her auxiliary roles, and her interactions with customers and other workers in strip clubs.
A Microcontroller-Based Power Management System for Standalone Microgrids With Hybrid Power Supply

The paper presents a microcontroller-based power management system (PMS) designed for the online operation of an experimental low voltage microgrid equipped with a battery storage system and two power supplies: a kilowatt (kW)-class proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell (FC) and a photo-voltaic (PV) module emulator, both connected to a low voltage ac node. The connections of the energy sources to the common ac bus make use of power inverters with specific functionalities. The ac node feeds electric active and reactive load emulators able to reproduce programmable profiles. The automatic PMS provides the microgrid monitoring and the FC power scheduling in both grid-connected and islanded operating conditions. The paper describes the structure and functionalities of the PMS as well as a specific experimental investigation aimed at assessing the dynamic performance of the microgrid in islanded conditions.
Experimental Investigation of the Effect of the Driving Voltage of an Electroadhesion Actuator

This paper investigates the effect of driving voltage on the attachment force of an electroadhesion actuator, as the existing literature on the saturation of the adhesive force at a higher electric field is incomplete. A new type of electroadhesion actuator using normally available materials, such as aluminum foil, PVC tape and a silicone rubber sheet used for keyboard protection, has been developed with a simple layered structure that is capable of developing adhesive force consistently. The developed actuator is subjected to the experiment for the evaluation of various test surfaces; aluminum, brick, ceramic, concrete and glass. The driving high voltage is varied in steps to determine the characteristics of the output holding force. Results show a quadratic relation between F (adhesion force) and V (driving voltage) within the 2 kV range. After this range, the F-V responses consistently show a saturation trend at high electric fields. Next, the concept of the leakage current that can occur in the dielectric material and the corona discharge through air has been introduced. Results show that the voltage level, which corresponds to the beginning of the supply current, matches well with the beginning of the force saturation. With the confirmation of this hypothesis, a working model for electroadhesion actuation is proposed. Based on the experimental results, it is proposed that such a kind of actuator can be driven within a range of optimum high voltage to remain electrically efficient. This practice is recommended for the future design, development and characterization of electroadhesion actuators for robotic applications.
Climate Change Risks and Conservation Implications for a Threatened Small-Range Mammal Species

Background Climate change is already affecting the distributions of many species and may lead to numerous extinctions over the next century. Small-range species are likely to be a special concern, but the extent to which they are sensitive to climate is currently unclear. Species distribution modeling, if carefully implemented, can be used to assess climate sensitivity and potential climate change impacts, even for rare and cryptic species. Methodology/Principal Findings We used species distribution modeling to assess the climate sensitivity, climate change risks and conservation implications for a threatened small-range mammal species, the Iberian desman (Galemys pyrenaicus), which is a phylogenetically isolated insectivore endemic to south-western Europe. Atlas data on the distribution of G. pyrenaicus was linked to data on climate, topography and human impact using two species distribution modeling algorithms to test hypotheses on the factors that determine the range for this species. Predictive models were developed and projected onto climate scenarios for 2070–2099 to assess climate change risks and conservation possibilities. Mean summer temperature and water balance appeared to be the main factors influencing the distribution of G. pyrenaicus. Climate change was predicted to result in significant reductions of the species' range. However, the severity of these reductions was highly dependent on which predictor was the most important limiting factor. Notably, if mean summer temperature is the main range determinant, G. pyrenaicus is at risk of near total extinction in Spain under the most severe climate change scenario. The range projections for Europe indicate that assisted migration may be a possible long-term conservation strategy for G. pyrenaicus in the face of global warming. Conclusions/Significance Climate change clearly poses a severe threat to this illustrative endemic species. Our findings confirm that endemic species can be highly vulnerable to a warming climate and highlight the fact that assisted migration has potential as a conservation strategy for species threatened by climate change.
Educational Needs Assessment of Student with Hearing Impairment in Inclusive School

Developing appropriate curriculum for the education of hearing impairment student depends on identifying the needs of this group. The main purpose of the present study was to assess special needs for students with hearing impairment. The sample of the study consisted of 120 students enrolled at inclusive schools in Tehran, 65 males and 55 females. Who were selected randomly, according to a multistage Sampling method. A special needs scale was developed and used in assessing special needs for students. The investigator used the t-test to answer the research questions. The results indicated that the differences between all pairs of means for both male and female respondents were statistically non-significant. Differences between mean scores of students who used sign language and total communication were in favor of students who used total communication on the dimensions of communication needs, audiological rehabilitation needs, behavioral needs, and learning style needs.
Understanding Sustained Participation in Open Source Software Projects

Prior research into open source software (OSS) developer participation has emphasized individuals' motivations for joining these volunteer communities, but it has failed to explain why people stay or leave in the long run. Building upon Lave and Wenger's theory of legitimate peripheral participation (LPP), this paper offers a longitudinal investigation of one OSS community in which sustained participation is hypothesized to be associated with the coevolution of two major elements of LPP theory: "situated learning" (the process of acting knowledgeably and purposefully in the world) and "identity construction" (the process of being identified within the community). To test this hypothesis, data were collected from multiple sources, including online public project documents, electronic mail messages, tracker messages, and log files. Results from qualitative analyses revealed that initial conditions to participate did not effectively predict long-term participation, but that situated learning and identity construction behaviors were positively linked to sustained participation. Furthermore, this study reveals that sustained participants distinguished themselves by consistently engaging in situated learning that both made conceptual (advising others) and practical contributions (improving the code). Implications and future research are discussed.
Fibrillogenic Oligomers of Human Cystatin C Are Formed by Propagated Domain Swapping*

Cystatin C and the prion protein have been shown to form dimers via three-dimensional domain swapping, and this process has also been hypothesized to be involved in amyloidogenesis. Production of oligomers of other amyloidogenic proteins has been reported to precede fibril formation, suggesting oligomers as intermediates in fibrillogenesis. A variant of cystatin C, with a Leu68→ Gln substitution, is highly amyloidogenic, and carriers of this mutation suffer from massive cerebral amyloidosis leading to brain hemorrhage and death in early adulthood. This work describes doughnut-shaped oligomers formed by wild type and L68Q cystatin C upon incubation of the monomeric proteins. Purified oligomers of cystatin C are shown to fibrillize faster and at a lower concentration than the monomeric protein, indicating a role of the oligomers as fibril-assembly intermediates. Moreover, the present work demonstrates that three-dimensional domain swapping is involved in the formation of the oligomers, because variants of monomeric cystatin C, stabilized against three-dimensional domain swapping by engineered disulfide bonds, do not produce oligomers upon incubation under non-reducing conditions. Redox experiments using wild type and stabilized cystatin C strongly suggest that the oligomers, and thus probably the fibrils as well, are formed by propagated domain swapping rather than by assembly of domain-swapped cystatin C dimers.
Do pathological variables have prognostic significance in rectal adenocarcinoma treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery?

AIM To clarify which factors may influence pathological tumor response and affect clinical outcomes in patients with locally advanced rectal carcinoma treated with neo-adjuvant chemoradiotherapy and surgery. METHODS Tumor regression grade (TRG) according to the Dworak system and yTNM stage were assessed and correlated with pre-treatment clinico-pathological variables in 215 clinically locally advanced (cTNM stage II and III) rectal carcinomas. Prognostic value of all pathological and clinical factors on disease free survival (DFS) and cancer specific survival (CSS) was analyzed by Kaplan Meier and Cox-regression analyses. RESULTS cN+ status, mucinous histotype or poor differentiation in the pre-treatment biopsy were significantly associated with lower pathological response (low Dworak grade and TNM remaining unchanged/upstaging). Cases showing acellular mucin pools in surgical specimens all had unremarkable clinical courses with no deaths or recurrences during follow-up. Dworak grade had prognostic significance for DFS and CSS. However, compared to the 5-tiered system, a simplified two-tiered grading system, in which grades 0, 1 and 2 were grouped as absent/partial regression and grades 3 and 4 were grouped as total/subtotal regression, was more reproducible and prognostically informative. The two-tiered Dworak system, yN stage, craniocaudal extension of the tumor and radial margin status were significant independent prognostic variables. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that caution should be applied in using a conservative approach in rectal carcinomas with cN+ status, extensive/lower involvement of the rectum and mucinous histotype or poor differentiation. Although Dworak TRG is prognostically significant, a simplified two-tiered system could be preferable. Finally, cases with acellular mucin pools should be carefully evaluated to definitely exclude residual mucinous carcinoma.
The role of cultural intelligence for the emergence of negotiated culture in IT offshore outsourcing projects

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze how individual project members in IT offshore outsourcing projects cope with culture‐specific behavior, and how the project members' cultural intelligence enables the emergence of negotiated culture.Design/methodology/approach – The employed research approach is an interpretive, in‐depth single‐case study based on 31 qualitative interviews. The cultural intelligence framework serves as a “sensitizing device” to develop a model of cross‐cultural interaction in IT offshore outsourcing projects.Findings – The paper presents a model explaining cross‐cultural interaction at the individual level in IT offshore outsourcing. The analysis shows that effective cross‐cultural interaction manifests itself in active cross‐cultural adaptation behavior, which is driven by motivational and cognitive factors. Cultural intelligence, including cognitive, motivational, and behavioral elements, is found to be an important driver for the development of a negotiated culture, cha.
A Review of Interorganizational Collaboration Dynamics

A selected review of the research literature on qualitative case studies describing interorganizational collaborations (IOCs) yielded 22 longitudinal cases that address dynamics, or changes, that occur during IOCs. We systematically review the cases for the sources and effects of these IOC dynamics on outcomes. We find six distinct patterns of IOC dynamics varying in complexity from a simple binary loop to multiloop recursive flows. We also find that the more complex dynamic patterns are associated with successful outcomes. This review highlights directions for future research with the aim to advance the literature on IOC dynamics.