Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gifted and Talented Students at Risk.

The issue of underachievement among the gifted has captured the interest of educators sporadically over the past thirty years. In the most basic definition, an underachiever is a student who does not achieve in the academic areas at a level consistent with his or her capability. When underachievement is applied to the gifted, it becomes a more complex issue which calls for a new conceptualization.
Zeaxanthin: Review of Toxicological Data and Acceptable Daily Intake

Zeaxanthin is a nutritional carotenoid with a considerable amount of safety data based on regulatory studies, which form the basis of its safety evaluation. Subchronic OECD guideline studies with mice and rats receiving beadlet formulations of high purity synthetic zeaxanthin in the diet at dosages up to 1000 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day, and in dogs at over 400 mg/kg bw/day, produced no adverse effects or histopathological changes. In developmental toxicity studies, there was no evidence of fetal toxicity or teratogenicity in rats or rabbits at dosages up to 1000 or 400 mg/kg bw/day, respectively. Formulated zeaxanthin was not mutagenic or clastogenic in a series of in vitro and in vivo tests for genotoxicity. A 52-week chronic oral study in Cynomolgus monkeys at doses of 0.2 and 20 mg/kg bw/day, mainly designed to assess accumulation and effects in primate eyes, showed no adverse effects. In a rat two-generation study, the NOAEL was 150 mg/kg bw/day. In 2012, this dosage was used by EFSA (NDA Panel), in association with a 200-fold safety factor, to propose an Acceptable Daily Intake equivalent to 53 mg/day for a 70 kg adult. The requested use level of 2 mg/day was ratified by the EU Commission.
Genetic analysis of first lactation persistency and milk production traits in graded Murrah buffaloes.

The 435 fi rst lactation records of Murrah buffaloes that were maintained at GADVASU dairy farm over a period of 31 years from 1981-2011 were studied. The heritability estimates of persistency, 305-day milk yield, total milk yield, peak yield and lactation length were 0.19±0.08, 0.29±0.18, 0.23±0.18, 0.48±0.17 and 0.21±0.15, respectively in the fi rst lactation. Genetic correlations between persistency and 305-day milk yield, total lactation yield, peak yield and lactation length were 0.41±0.12, 0.51±0.11, -0.24±0.14 and 0.49±0.11 while the phenotypic correlations were 0.292, 0.354, -0.202 and 0.373, respectively. Genetic correlations between 305-day milk yield and total lactation yield, peak yield and lactation length were 0.94±0.02, 0.66±0.08 and 0.53±0.11 while the phenotypic correlations were 0.92, 0.684 and 0.529, respectively. Genetic correlation between peak yield and lactation length was 0.18±0.15 while the phenotypic correlation was 0.24.
A Study on the Phonetic Discrimination and Acquisition Ability of Korean Language Learners

This study aimed at discovering whether Korean language learners who had never been exposed to Korean phones before could distinguish Korean phones and whether learners who had comparatively better ability of identifying phonetic differences displayed a better result in acquiring Korean phonemes. The study conducted two experiments on 25 learners. In Experiment I, an oddball test (ABX) was performed to investigate the learners' ability to discriminate Korean phones on the first day of the course. In Experiment II, an identification test was administered to analyze the ability of identifying Korean phones on the same learners after three weeks of language instruction. The results revealed that the true-beginner learners demonstrated different phonetic discrimination abilities, but these abilities did not seem to correlate with the rate of acquisition.
Analysis of Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) Contents packed fruit juice by UV-spectrophotometry and Redox Titration Methods

Total vitamin C (ascorbic acid + dehydroascorbic acid) has been determined by UV- spectrophotometric method in various fruit juices. In this method, a blended sample is homogenized with 3% metaphosphoric acid-10% acetic acid solu'an. Then addition of bromine water oxidizes ascorbic acid to dehydroascorbic acid in presence of acetic acid and the excess of bromine is removed by a few drops of 10% thiourea. After coupling with 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine at 37°C temperature for three hours, the solution is cooled in an ice bath and is treated with chilled 85% H2SO4 to produce a red colour complex and the absorbance is measured spectrophotometrically at 521 nm. This method obeyed Beer's law as was tested by using a standard ascorbic acid. Also ascorbic acid can be determined by redox titration. We performed an iodimetric back-titration in which we generated a measured excess of iodine in the sample solution and then we titrated the unreacted iodine with a standard sodium thiosulfate solution. Our purpose is to determine the Vitamin C content in some packed (industrial) fruit juices and compare the values with that labeled on the packed fruit juices. The samples were collected from different markets in Benghazi.Such as Rhyhan, Mazraa, Judi, Alhanaa, Nadic, Viva, Rani, Bravo, Suntop, and Stantal of different kinds.
Modulation of human vestibular reflexes with increased postural threat

The vestibular system is an important sensory contributor to the control of standing balance. Fear, anxiety and arousal are thought to influence the excitability of the vestibular system, but it is not clear if these changes lead to altered vestibular‐evoked balance reflexes. Low and high standing surface heights were used to manipulate fear and anxiety in this study, while stochastic vestibular stimulation was used to evoke balance reflexes. High surface heights lead to greater coupling between vestibular inputs and balance reflexes, as well as larger responses. These results support the idea that the manner in which vestibular information is processed is altered when people are exposed to a threat to their balance, and this altered processing may explain why normal balance behaviour is different in threatening scenarios.
Data Quality: Concepts, Methodologies and Techniques

Poor data quality can seriously hinder or damage the efficiency and effectiveness of organizations and businesses. The growing awareness of such repercussions has led to major public initiatives like the "Data Quality Act" in the USA and the "European 2003/98" directive of the European Parliament. Batini and Scannapieco present a comprehensive and systematic introduction to the wide set of issues related to data quality. They start with a detailed description of different data quality dimensions, like accuracy, completeness, and consistency, and their importance in different types of data, like federated data, web data, or time-dependent data, and in different data categories classified according to frequency of change, like stable, long-term, and frequently changing data. The book's extensive description of techniques and methodologies from core data quality research as well as from related fields like data mining, probability theory, statistical data analysis, and machine learning gives an excellent overview of the current state of the art. The presentation is completed by a short description and critical comparison of tools and practical methodologies, which will help readers to resolve their own quality problems. This book is an ideal combination of the soundness of theoretical foundations and the applicability of practical approaches. It is ideally suited for everyone researchers, students, or professionals interested in a comprehensive overview of data quality issues. In addition, it will serve as the basis for an introductory course or for self-study on this topic.
Identification of Regions Involved in Enzymatic Stability of Peptide Deformylase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

ABSTRACT Sequence analysis of peptide deformylase of Mycobacterium tuberculosis revealed the presence of insertions (residues 74 to 85) and an unusually long carboxy-terminal end (residues 182 to 197). Our results with deletion mutants indicated the contribution of these regions in maintaining enzymatic stability. Furthermore, we showed that the region spanning the insertions was responsible for maintaining resistance to oxidizing agents, like H2O2.
Meaning in the Making: Introducing a Hermeneutic Perspective on the Contribution of Design Practice to Innovation

In recent years interest has grown in how design can contribute to innovation in business and society, such as through the management concept of design thinking. However, up-close studies on design’s contribution to innovation are still scarce. This may be one reason why rhetoric arguing the benefit of design in innovation con- texts is often related to pervasive innovation concepts, such as idea generation and problem-solving, rather than to concepts that capture tacit and embodied dimen- sions of design as an aesthetic practice. The purpose of this study is to develop an understanding of the contribution of design practice to innovation. This has been achieved through an experimen- tal research-approach in which five designers, through different interventions, in- volved multi-disciplinary groups of non-designers in experiencing design practice “hands-on” in five "non-designerly" companies. The aim of the interventions was to strengthen the innovativeness of the organizations. The interventions have been studied through ethnographically inspired methods and an interpretative and reflex- ive methodological approach. In the interventions established product understandings in the companies were challenged, initially leading to friction. However, the immersion in design hands-on meant that established meaning-spaces were gradually expanded through processes of entwined conversation and hands-on making. In these processes new product understandings were developed through aesthetic deliberation and material practice, which in three cases lead to innovative concepts that could not have been developed within the meaning-space in the organization before the interventions. This study thus sheds light on how the emergence of innovative concepts can be understood as processes of meaning-making, and how design practice may provide processes for such innovation work in multi-disciplinary contexts. It also suggests that when design practice is abstracted away, as is common in design thinking rheto- ric, relevant dimensions of design’s contribution to innovation may be lost. The main theoretical contribution is to show the relevance of hermeneutics as an explicit concept for understanding the contribution of design practice to innova- tion. This can be seen as establishing a missing link between design theory, design management studies and innovation management theory. Beyond articulating the contribution of design practice to innovation, this thesis also supports the relevance of understanding meaning-making as central to innovation.
Medial Temporal Lobe Function and Recognition Memory: A Novel Approach to Separating the Contribution of Recollection and Familiarity

Human neuroimaging studies of recognition memory have often been interpreted to mean that the hippocampus supports recollection but not familiarity. This interpretation is complicated by the fact that recollection-based decisions are typically associated with stronger memories than familiarity-based decisions. Some studies of source memory controlled for this difference in memory strength and found that hippocampal activity during learning predicted subsequent item memory strength while recollection-based memory (performance on source memory questions) was held at chance. This result suggests that the hippocampus is important for familiarity. However, a difficulty with this approach is that when source memory is assessed by asking specific, task-relevant source memory questions, participants who fail to answer the prescribed questions might nevertheless have available other (task-irrelevant) source information. Accordingly, successful item memory could still be associated with recollection. The present study used a novel method to assess item memory and source memory. Instead of responding to specific source questions, participants rated their source memory strength based on any information about the learning episode that was available to them. When subsequent source memory strength was held constant at the lowest possible level, we identified regions bilaterally in hippocampus, as well as in perirhinal cortex, where activity during learning increased as subsequent item memory increased in strength. In addition, activity in cortical regions (including prefrontal cortex) was related to source memory success independently of item memory strength. These findings suggest that activity in the hippocampus is related to the encoding of familiarity-based item memory, independent of subsequent recollection-based success.
Binocular coordination of saccades: development, aging and cerebral substrate

The origin of binocular coordination of saccades (central, peripheral) and the role of learning remain controversial (Hering vs Helmholtz). We will present evidence for learning: in young children (5 years) horizontal saccades are poorly yoked, coordination improves slowly with age particularly at near viewing distances. In dyslexic teenagers coordination of horizontal saccades is poor relative to non-dyslexics, suggesting slower learning. On the other hand, in healthy elderly participants (73 years) coordination of vertical saccades is intact, an example of a non ageing sub-system. To assess further central mechanisms, we applied TMS over the posterior parietal cortex of healthy adults, 100 ms after target onset. TMS impaired coordination particularly for rightward and downward saccades. Thus binocular coordination of saccades relies partially on cerebral function.experimental stages.
Spatial distributions of zooplankton during coastal upwelling in western Lake Superior

Zooplankton distributions during coastal upwelling in western Lake Superior were mapped with a high‐frequency (192‐kHz) sonar system that consists of an echosounder and a navigation receiver connected to a microcomputer. An acoustic transect after a September storm revealed a sloping sound‐scattering layer, traceable more than 5 km offshore, in the thermocline between an upwelling water mass and a returning front of surface water. Interfacial shear produced short internal waves on the scattering layer, and regularly spaced plumes of high backscattering in the surface layer were attributed to stream lines of eddies that were transporting sound scatterers from aggregations in the thermocline to the lake surface. The sloping sound‐scattering layer was due to high concentrations (up to 105 ind. m−3) of copepods, chiefly Leptodiaptomus sicilis. Backscattered sound (volume‐scattering strength) was highly correlated with concentrations of microcrustacea in samples collected with nets, consistent with Rayleigh scattering theory for ideal elastic spheres the size of adult L. sicilis (target strength = −123 dB).
DIFFERENTIATION OF MONOCYTES

The origin, content, and fate of azurophil granules of blood monocytes were investigated in several species (rabbit, guinea pig, human) by electron microscopy and cytochemistry. The life cycle of monocytes consists of maturation in bone marrow, transit in blood, and migration into tissues where they function as macrophages. Cells were examined from all three phases. It was found that: azurophil granules originate in the Golgi complex of the developing monocyte of bone marrow and blood, and ultimately fuse with phagosomes during phagocytosis upon arrival of monocytes in the tissues. They contain lysosomal enzymes in all species studied and peroxidase in the guinea pig and human. These enzymes are produced by the same pathway as other secretory products (i.e., they are segregated in the rough ER and packaged into granules in the Golgi complex). The findings demonstrate that the azurophil granules of monocytes are primary lysosomes or storage granules comparable to the azurophils of polymorphonuclear leukocytes and the specific granules of eosinophils. Macrophages from peritoneal exudates (72-96 hr after endotoxin injection) contain large quantities of lysosomal enzymes throughout the secretory apparatus (rough ER and Golgi complex), in digestive vacuoles, and in numerous coated vesicles; however, they lack forming or mature azurophil granules. Hence it appears that the monocyte produces two types of primary lysosomes during different phases of its life cycle-azurophil granules made by developing monocytes in bone marrow or blood, and coated vesicles made by macrophages in tissues and body cavities.
Does Nordic walking improves the postural control and gait parameters of women between the age 65 and 74: a randomized trial

[Purpose] To assess the effect of 12-weeks Nordic walking training on gait parameters and some elements of postural control. [Subjects and Methods] Sixty-seven women aged 65 to 74 years were enrolled in this study. The subjects were divided into a Nordic Walking group (12 weeks of Nordic walking training, 3 times a week for 75 minutes) and a control group. In both study groups, a set of functional tests were conducted at the beginning and at the end of the study: the Forward Reach Test (FRT) and the Upward Reach Test (URT) on a stabilometric platform, and the analysis of gait parameters on a treadmill. [Results] The NW group showed improvements in: the range of reach in the FRT test and the URT test in compared to the control group. The length of the gait cycle and gait cycle frequency also showed changes in the NW group compared to the control group. [Conclusion] A 12-week NW training program had a positive impact on selected gait parameters and may improve the postural control of women aged over 65 according to the results selected functional tests.
Developments in driver’s licence holding among young people: potential explanations, implications and trends

This literature review examines the factors that influence the development in the driver’s licence rate among young people in different age groups, socioeconomic groups and geographical contexts, as well as the impact on the welfare of young people of holding or not holding a driver’s licence. The review also includes research on trends, prognoses and evaluations of developments in driver’s licence holding, and knowledge on any links between changes in driver licensing and falling car usage among young people. The review shows that several factors appear to explain and influence the driver licensing trend among young people, while, at the same time, there is a great difference in driver’s licence holding among different groups. More research is needed to investigate the extent to which the declining driver licensing rates is a general trend and/or opposite trends between different groups of young people, and with different welfare impacts.
Efficient Hit-Finding Approaches for Histone Methyltransferases

For many novel epigenetics targets the chemical ligand space and structural information were limited until recently and are still largely unknown for some targets. Hit-finding campaigns are therefore dependent on large and chemically diverse libraries. In the specific case of the histone methyltransferase G9a, the authors have been able to apply an efficient process of intelligent selection of compounds for primary screening, rather than screening the full diverse deck of 900 000 compounds to identify hit compounds. A number of different virtual screening methods have been applied for the compound selection, and the results have been analyzed in the context of their individual success rates. For the primary screening of 2112 compounds, a FlashPlate assay format and full-length histone H3.1 substrate were employed. Validation of hit compounds was performed using the orthogonal fluorescence lifetime technology. Rated by purity and IC50 value, 18 compounds (0.9% of compound screening deck) were finally considered validated primary G9a hits. The hit-finding approach has led to novel chemotypes being identified, which can facilitate hit-to-lead projects. This study demonstrates the power of virtual screening technologies for novel, therapeutically relevant epigenetics protein targets.
Dectin-1 Interaction with Tetraspanin CD37 Inhibits IL-6 Production1

C-type lectins are pattern-recognition receptors important for pathogen binding and uptake by APCs. Evidence is accumulating that integration of incoming cellular signals in APCs is regulated by grouping of receptors and signaling molecules into organized membrane complexes, such as lipid rafts and tetraspanin microdomains. In this study, we demonstrate that C-type lectin dectin-1 functionally interacts with leukocyte-specific tetraspanin CD37. Dectin-1 and CD37 colocalize on the surface of human APCs. Importantly, macrophages of CD37-deficient (CD37−/−) mice express decreased dectin-1 membrane levels, due to increased dectin-1 internalization. Furthermore, transfection of CD37 into a macrophage cell line elevated endogenous dectin-1 surface expression. Although CD37 deficiency does not affect dectin-1-mediated phagocytosis, we observed a striking 10-fold increase of dectin-1-induced IL-6 production in CD37−/− macrophages compared with wild-type cells, despite reduced dectin-1 cell surface expression. Importantly, the observed increase in IL-6 production was specific for dectin-1, because signaling via other pattern-recognition receptors was unaffected in CD37−/− macrophages and because the dectin-1 ligand curdlan was used. Taken together, these findings show that tetraspanin CD37 is important for dectin-1 stabilization in APC membranes and controls dectin-1-mediated IL-6 production.
Blue light requirements for crop plants used in bioregenerative life support systems.

As part of NASA's Advanced Life Support Program, the Breadboard Project at Kennedy Space Center is investigating the feasibility of using crop plants in bioregenerative life support systems (BLSS) for long-duration space missions. Several types of electric lamps have been tested to provide radiant energy for plants in a BLSS. These lamps vary greatly in terms of spectral quality resulting in differences in growth and morphology of the plants tested. Broad spectrum or "white" light sources (e.g., metal halide and fluorescent lamps) provide an adequate spectrum for normal growth and morphology; however, they are not as electrically efficient as are low-pressure sodium (LPS) or high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps. Although LPS and HPS, as well as the newly tested red light-emitting diodes (LEDs), have good photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) efficiencies, they are deficient in blue light. Results with several of the crops tested for BLSS (wheat, potato, soybean, lettuce, and radish) have shown a minimum amount of blue light (approximately 30 micromoles m-2 s-1) is necessary for normal growth and development. For example, the lack of sufficient blue light in these lamps has resulted in increased stem elongation and significant reductions in photosynthesis and yield. To avoid problems with blue-deficient lamps and maximize yield, sufficient intensity of HPS or blue light supplementation with red LEDs or LPS lamps is required to meet spectral requirements of crops for BLSS.