Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cross-Ethnic Measurement Equivalence of the SCARED in an Outpatient Sample of African American and Non-Hispanic White Youths and Parents

The present study evaluated the measurement equivalence of the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED) in a clinical sample of non-Hispanic White (NHW) and African American (AA) youths and parents. In addition, we explored the concurrent criterion validity of parent report on the SCARED to a parent diagnostic interview. Cross-ethnic measurement equivalence was examined in both youth self-report (ages 11–18; N = 374) and parent report (youth ages 5–18; N = 808) using multiple group analysis. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the SCARED parent report were also examined. The original five-factor structure of the SCARED was replicated using confirmatory factor analysis for both groups using parent and youth report, although factor loadings were not equivalent across groups. Sensitivity and specificity of the SCARED-P clinical cutoff score (Total ≥25) to anxiety diagnoses were acceptable in both ethnic groups. Although evidence for the cross-ethnic equivalence of SCARED was limited, results suggest a similar structure of anxiety symptoms across NHW and AA youths while demonstrating sensitivity in symptom-level differences in anxiety expression. Overall, results provide preliminary evidence for the SCARED as an acceptable screening tool for anxiety symptoms in NHW and AA youths.
INCORPORATION OF BACTERIOPHAGE GENOME BY SPORES OF BACILLUS SUBTILIS

Takahashi, I. (Microbiology Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada). Incorporation of bacteriophage genome by spores of Bacillus subtilis. J. Bacteriol. 87:1499–1502. 1964—The buoyant density in a CsCl gradient of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) extracted from spores of Bacillus subtilis was found to be identical to that of DNA from vegetative cells. Density-gradient centrifugation of DNA of spores derived from cultures infected with phage PBS 1 revealed the presence of a minor band whose density corresponded to that of the phage DNA in addition to the spore DNA. No intermediate bands were present. The relative amount of the phage DNA present in the spores was estimated to be 11%, suggesting that spores of this organism may incorporate several copies of the phage genome. Although the possibility that true lysogeny may occur cannot be entirely eliminated, the results seem to indicate that the phage genomes incorporated into spores are not attached to the host chromosome in this system.
Local anesthesia with epinephrine is safe and effective for oral surgery in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary disease: a prospective randomized study

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the variations in blood glucose levels, hemodynamic effects and patient anxiety scores during tooth extraction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus T2DM and coronary disease under local anesthesia with 2% lidocaine with or without epinephrine. STUDY DESIGN: This is a prospective randomized study of 70 patients with T2DM with coronary disease who underwent oral surgery. The study was double blind with respect to the glycemia measurements. Blood glucose levels were continuously monitored for 24 hours using the MiniMed Continuous Glucose Monitoring System. Patients were randomized into two groups: 35 patients received 5.4 mL of 2% lidocaine, and 35 patients received 5.4 mL of 2% lidocaine with 1:100,000 epinephrine. Hemodynamic parameters (blood pressure and heart rate) and anxiety levels were also evaluated. RESULTS: There was no difference in blood glucose levels between the groups at each time point evaluated. Surprisingly, both groups demonstrated a significant decrease in blood glucose levels over time. The groups showed no significant differences in hemodynamic and anxiety status parameters. CONCLUSION: The administration of 5.4 mL of 2% lidocaine with epinephrine neither caused hyperglycemia nor had any significant impact on hemodynamic or anxiety parameters. However, lower blood glucose levels were observed. This is the first report using continuous blood glucose monitoring to show the benefits and lack of side effects of local anesthesia with epinephrine in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary disease.
When leopards lose their spots: knowledge of visual properties in category-specific deficits for living things

Several cases of category-specific semantic deficits for living things have now been reported, most of whom have a greater difficulty with knowledge of visual properties of living things than with non-visual properties. This has motivated two different kinds of account of category-specific deficits for living things. One account is that the impairment for living things arises as a result of general damage to visual properties, and so it predicts that impairment for visual properties of living things will be accompanied by some degree of impairment for visual properties of other categories. The second accountposits explicitcategory-based organisation of semantic memory, such that visual properties of living and non-living things are stored separately, and so can be independently impaired. We investigated the semantic impairment of a patient SE, who had received a diagnosis of herpes simplex encephalitis several years previously, resulting in a mild category-specific semantic deficit for living things. Both.
Short length versions of Menger's theorem

Consider a simple n-vertex undirected graph and assume there are ~ edge-disjoint paths between two vertices u and V. We prove the following two results: There are K edge-disjoint paths between u and v, the average length of which is 0(7t/~) If all vertices have degree at least HI there are ~ edge-disjoint paths between u and v, each of which has length O(n/K). These bouncls are best possible. For directed graphs, the first result still holds but not the second. Some of the paths can be at least Q(n) long. We also describe how to use a minimum cost flow algorithm to find the paths irnpliecl by the above results in time O(tcrn). In a ~ edge-connected graph, we define the concept of B-distance (or bulk distance). The B-distance between u and v is the minimum over all R edge-disjoint paths between u and v of the maximum path length. We prove that B-distance forms a metric. We give NPhardness results on computing B-distances in two cases. The third remaining case is open but we give evidence to its difficulty.
Noise Propagation in Two-Step Series MAPK Cascade

Series MAPK enzymatic cascades, ubiquitously found in signaling networks, act as signal amplifiers and play a key role in processing information during signal transduction in cells. In activated cascades, cell-to-cell variability or noise is bound to occur and thereby strongly affects the cellular response. Commonly used linearization method (LM) applied to Langevin type stochastic model of the MAPK cascade fails to accurately predict intrinsic noise propagation in the cascade. We prove this by using extensive stochastic simulations for various ranges of biochemical parameters. This failure is due to the fact that the LM ignores the nonlinear effects on the noise. However, LM provides a good estimate of the extrinsic noise propagation. We show that the correct estimate of intrinsic noise propagation in signaling networks that contain at least one enzymatic step can be obtained only through stochastic simulations. Noise propagation in the cascade depends on the underlying biochemical parameters which are often unavailable. Based on a combination of global sensitivity analysis (GSA) and stochastic simulations, we developed a systematic methodology to characterize noise propagation in the cascade. GSA predicts that noise propagation in MAPK cascade is sensitive to the total number of upstream enzyme molecules and the total number of molecules of the two substrates involved in the cascade. We argue that the general systematic approach proposed and demonstrated on MAPK cascade must accompany noise propagation studies in biological networks.
Mobile Government: How to Improve Fairness in Public Administration Management

With the popularity of mobile technologies, mobile government (mGovernment) services have emerged. “Rule of man” in traditional government services can give rise to unfairness and corruption, and thereby lots of citizens did not trust government. If mGovernment systems with technology neutrality can reduce “rule of man” and improve fairness, more and more people will use it. How to improve the fairness of mGovernment services? It is critical to mGovernment success. This study adopted theory of procedural fairness (TPF) to construct a theoretical model for investigating how seven mobile and wireless technological functions of mGovernment (i.e., real-time information dissemination) are conductive to three procedural rules (i.e., transparency), which in turn improve procedural fairness. A sample of 388 experienced users of mGovernment systems were used in this study. The results largely supported the hypotheses. Finally, theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.
Distribution, hosts, 16S rDNA sequences and phylogenetic position of the Neotropical tick Amblyomma parvum (Acari: Ixodidae)

Abstract The hosts, distribution, intraspecific genetic variation and phylogenetic position of Amblyomma parvum (Acari: Ixodidae) have recently been re-assessed. Data on this tick's hosts and distribution were obtained not only from existing literature but also from unpublished records. Sequences of the ticks' mitochondrial 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) were used to evaluate genetic variation among specimens of A. parvum from different localities in Argentina and Brazil, and to explore the phylogenetic relationships between this tick and other Amblyomma species. Although several species of domestic and wild mammal act as hosts for adult A. parvum, most collected adults of this species have come from cattle and goats. Caviid rodents of the subfamily Caviinae appear to be the hosts for the immature stages. So far, A. parvum has been detected in 12 Neotropical biogeographical provinces (Chaco, Cerrado, Eastern Central America, Venezuelan Coast, Pantanal, Parana Forest, Caatinga, Chiapas, Venezuelan Llanos, Monte, Western Panamanian Isthmus, and Roraima) but the Chaco province has provided significantly more specimens than any other (P<0.0001). The 16S rDNA sequences showed just 0.0%–1.1% divergence among the Argentinean A. parvum investigated and no more than 0.2% divergence among the Brazilian specimens. The observed divergence between the Argentinean and Brazilian specimens was, however, greater (3.0%–3.7%). Although there is now molecular and morphological evidence to indicate that A. parvum, A. pseudoparvum, A. auricularium and A. pseudoconcolor are members of a natural group, previous subgeneric classifications do not reflect this grouping. The subgeneric status of these tick species therefore needs to be re-evaluated. The 16S-rDNA-based evaluation of divergence indicates that the gene flow between Argentinean and Brazilian 'A. parvum' is very limited and that the Argentinean 'A. parvum' may be a different species to the Brazilian.
Exploring internal stickiness : Impediments to the transfer of best practice within the firm

知識は企業の重要なリソースであり、知識をいかにマネジメントするかは企業が競争優 位を獲得する上で重要な課題となっている (Badaracco, 1991; 野中, 竹内, 1996)。 組織間の 知識移転は、知識をマネジメントする上でのひとつの重要なトピックであり、いくつもの 研究がなされている (例えば、Kogut & Zander, 1993; Zander & Kogut, 1995)。 Szulanski (1996) は企業内であってもユニット間で驚くほどパフォーマンスに差がある という事実に着目し、知識移転の中でも 1990 年代後半に重要視されるようになってきた ベストプラクティスの企業内部での移転の調査を行った研究である。 機密保持や法律によ って妨げられる企業間の知識の移転と比べれば、企業内部での知識の移転は容易に行われ るはずである。 ところが、企業内部での知識の移転も企業間の知識の移転と同様に容易に は達成されない。 すなわち、企業内部であっても知識には粘着性(stickiness)が存在する
Mogamulizumab Treatment in a Hemodialysis Patient with Adult T-Cell Leukemia/Lymphoma

Mari Yoshihara1, Yasushi Kubota1,2, Makoto Fukuda3, Tomoya Kishi3, Yuji Ikeda3, Shinya Kimura1 1Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology Respiratory Medicine, and Oncology, Saga, Japan 2Saga University Faculty of Medicine Hospital, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Saga, Japan 3Saga University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Saga, Japan
Long‐term Outcomes of the New Pathway Program at Harvard Medical School: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Purpose To evaluate the long-term effects of an innovative curriculum, the New Pathway (NP) Program, on behaviors and attitudes related to humanistic medicine, lifelong learning, and social learning. Method Long-term follow-up of Harvard Medical School students who participated in a randomized controlled trial. Descriptive study using 1998 telephone interviews of 100 1989 and 1990 graduates (50 who had studied the NP curriculum, 50 who had studied the traditional curriculum). The NP Program consisted of problem-based learning tutorials, with coordinated lectures, labs, experiences in humanistic medicine, and clinical experiences; the traditional program consisted of basic science lectures and labs. Results Of 22 measures on the survey, NP and traditional students differed significantly on only five (three humanism; two social learning): 40% of NP students and 18% of traditional students went on to practice primary care or psychiatry. NP students rated their preparation to practice humanistic medicine higher than did traditional students and expressed more confidence in their ability to manage patients with psychosocial problems. NP students were more likely than were traditional students to believe that faculty from the first two years continued to influence their thinking. NP students liked the pedagogic approaches of their program more than traditional students did. There was no difference between the groups on measures of lifelong learning. Conclusions Differences between NP and traditional students in the humanism domain first appeared during medical school and residency and remained significant well into practice, suggesting that humanistic medicine can be taught and learned.
General Habit Propensity Relates to the Sensation Seeking Subdomain of Impulsivity But Not Obesity

According to dual-system theory, instrumental learning and performance depend on the balance between goal-directed and habitual action control. Overreliance on habits has been argued to characterize clinical conditions such as drug addiction or obsessive-compulsive disorder as well as obesity and excessive impulsivity. A tendency toward habitual action control in obesity has already been indicated in the food domain. However, impairments might not be restricted to eating behavior. This has been suggested by domain-general obesity-associated disturbances in executive function as well as alterations in corticostriatal circuits underlying the goal-directed and habitual systems. In this study we examined the balance of goal-directed and habitual action control in a sample of normal-weight, overweight, and obese participants (n = 105) using the slips-of-action test in a non-food context. We tested for continuous or group-based associations between body weight status (BMI) and the devaluation sensitivity index (DSI), a parameter representing the balance of the goal-directed and habitual systems in action control. As personality differences in the domain of impulsivity might affect this relationship, we also examined whether the interaction between BMI and self-reported impulsivity, based on the UPPS Impulsive Behavior Scale, was related to the DSI. In addition to that, we tested for direct, i.e., weight status independent, relationships between UPPS subdomains of impulsivity and the DSI. We failed to find evidence for a relationship between weight status and sensitivity to devaluation as indexed by the DSI. However, independent of weight status, we observed lower sensitivity to devaluation in sensation seekers, a subtype of impulsivity. To conclude, behavioral flexibility in the sense of disturbances in the balance between the habitual and goal-directed systems seems to be unaffected by weight status in a non-food context. Consequently, stimuli and behavior might not be generally excessively linked in overweight or obesity. However, according to ceiling effects we cannot rule out subtle effects the paradigm was not able to disentangle. Further, future studies are needed to clarify the role of specific subtypes of obesity (e.g., food addiction). The indicated habit propensity in sensation seekers may account for previous reports of weak avoidance behavior and risky decision making.
Hand grip strength and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Korea: an analysis in KNHANES VI

Background Muscle mass is known to be associated with mortality in elderly adults. Because hand grip strength (HGS) is known as a simple assessment tool for muscular strength, many researchers have studied the association between HGS and disease. However, empirical evidence for the relationship between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and HGS is still controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between COPD and HGS, using Korean population data. Methods This was a population-based cross-sectional study. Data were obtained from the sixth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which was conducted from 2013 to 2015. To reduce the effects of HGS-related factors and potential confounding factors, propensity score matching was used to match subjects with and without COPD. Results Among 14,930 subjects, 832 were enrolled in each group (non-COPD and COPD) after propensity score matching. COPD subjects did not have lower HGS than non-COPD subjects (non-COPD vs COPD, male, 38.0±7.0 vs 38.9±7.0 kg, P=0.044, female, 23.8±4.6 vs 24.2±4.9 kg, P=0.342). Lung function was classified by Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stages and was not significantly associated with HGS. For male COPD subjects, there was a significant correlation between HGS and the EuroQol Five-Dimension Questionnaire (EQ5D) utility score index, which is an indicator of quality of life that adjusts for age and body mass index (r=0.201, P<0.001). The correlation was absent for female subjects (r=0.098, P=0.170). Conclusion COPD subjects did not have lower HGS than non-COPD subjects. HGS did not associate with lung function. However, the HGS of male COPD subjects was positively associated with EQ5D utility score index, an indicator of quality of life. HGS may be helpful as an additional method to the evaluation of quality of life in male COPD patients.
Nipah Encephalitis: A report of 18 patients from Kuala Lumpur Hospital

Nipah virus, a previously unknown paramyxovirus, was identified as the cause of the encephalitis outbreak among pig-farmers in Malaysia. We describe the clinical features and results of investigation in 18 patients seen in the Kuala Lumpur Hospital. Twelve patients were Malaysians and 6 patients were foreign workers. The majority were young adult males who have direct body contact with pigs. Incubation period ranged from 2 days to one month. Prodromal symptoms were nonspecific, followed by drowsiness and confusion after a few days. Most common neurological signs were coma, hyporeflexia or areflexia, segmental myoclonus, gaze palsy and limb weakness. Notable laboratory findings include thrombocytopaenia and abnormal cerebrospinal fluid analysis. Of the 18 patients, 17 required ventilation of whom 11 died (61%). Another patient died of respiratory infection 4 months after discharge. Of the survivors, only one patient recovered with no neurological deficits. Conclusions: Infection with Nipah virus causes fulminant encephalitis with high mortality and morbidity.
Parental Involvement, Interest in Schooling and School Environment as Predictors of Academic Self-Efficacy among Fresh Secondary School Students in Oyo State, Nigeria

The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of parental involvement, interest in schooling and school environment on academic self-efficacy of fresh secondary school students. Two hundred and fifty students constituted the study's sample. Both the independent and the dependent variables were measured with relevant standardized instruments. Two research questions were answered in the study. The results showed that the independent variables both jointly and relatively contributed significantly to the prediction of academic self-efficacy of fresh secondary school students. On the strength of these findings, the need to foster home-school partnership, enhance student interest and make the s chool environment child friendly was stressed and advocated.
Review of Ductilizing of Group VIA Elements by Rhenium and Other Solutes

Abstract : The ductility of Group VIA alloys containing rhenium and other solutes from Groups VIIA and VIIIA was reviewed. The rhenium ductilizing effect, found in Group VIA alloys containing 25 to 35 at. % Re, is promoted by other solutes from Group VIIA and the early portions of Group VIIIA. The hardness minimums and lowered ductile-brittle transition temperatures observed in dilute Mo-Re and W-Re alloys are attributed to solution softening. This phenomenon occurs at low temperatures and is common to many dilute body-centered-cubic alloys containing substitutional solutes.
Investigating the Relationship between X-Band SAR Data from COSMO-SkyMed Satellite and NDVI for LAI Detection

Monitoring spatial and temporal variability of vegetation is important to manage land and water resources, with significant impact on the sustainability of modern agriculture. Cloud cover noticeably reduces the temporal resolution of retrievals based on optical data. COSMO-SkyMed (the new Italian Synthetic Aperture RADAR-SAR) opened new opportunities to develop agro-hydrological applications. Indeed, it represents a valuable source of data for operational use, due to the high spatial and temporal resolutions. Although X-band is not the most suitable to model agricultural and hydrological processes, an assessment of vegetation development can be achieved combing optical vegetation indices (VIs) and SAR backscattering data. In this paper, a correlation analysis has been performed between the crossed horizontal-vertical (HV) backscattering (s°HV) and optical VIs (VIopt) on several plots. The correlation analysis was based on incidence angle, spatial resolution and polarization mode. Results have shown that temporal changes of s°HV (Δs°HV) acquired with high angles (off nadir angle; θ > 40°) best correlates with variations of VIopt (ΔVI). The correlation between ΔVI and Δs°HV has been shown to be temporally robust. Based on this experimental evidence, a model to infer a VI from s° (VISAR) at the time, ti + 1, once known, the VIopt at a reference time, ti, and Δs°HV between times, ti + 1 and ti, was implemented and verified. This approach has led to the development and validation of an algorithm for coupling a VIopt derived from DEIMOS-1 images and s°HV. The study was carried out over the Sele plain (Campania, Italy), which is mainly characterized by herbaceous crops. In situ measurements included leaf area index (LAI), which were collected weekly between August and September 2011 in 25 sites, simultaneously to COSMO-SkyMed (CSK) and DEIMOS-1 imaging. Results confirm that VISAR obtained using the combined model is able to increase the feasibility of operational satellite-based products for supporting agricultural practices. This study is carried out in the framework of the COSMOLAND project (Use of COSMO-SkyMed SAR data for LAND cover classification and surface parameters retrieval over agricultural sites) funded by the Italian Space Agency (ASI).