Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Eradication Treatment of Helicobacter pylori Infection: Its Importance and Possible Relationship in Preventing the Development of Gastric Cancer

Helicobacter pylori is the most important carcinogen for gastric adenocarcinoma. Bacterial virulence factors are essential players in modulating the immune response involved in the initiation of carcinogenesis in the stomach; host genetic factors contribute to the regulation of the inflammatory response and to the aggravation of mucosal damage. In terms of environmental factors, salt intake and smoking contribute to the development of lesions. Various therapeutic schemes are proposed to eradicate H. pylori infection, which could potentially prevent gastric cancer, offering the greatest benefit if performed before premalignant changes of the gastric mucosa have occurred.
Down-Regulation of Key Virulence Factors Makes the Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhimurium rfaH Mutant a Promising Live-Attenuated Vaccine Candidate

ABSTRACT Mutants of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium that lack the transcriptional regulator RfaH are efficient as live oral vaccines against salmonellosis in mice. We show that the attenuation of the vaccine candidate strain is associated with reduced net growth in epithelial and macrophage cells. In order to identify the relevant RfaH-dependent genes, the RfaH regulon was determined with S. enterica serovars Enteritidis and Typhimurium using whole-genome Salmonella microarrays. As well as impacting the expression of genes involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core and O-antigen synthesis, the loss of RfaH results in a marked down-regulation of SPI-4 genes, the flagellum/chemotaxis system, and type III secretion system 1. However, a proportion of these effects could have been the indirect consequence of the altered expression of genes required for LPS biosynthesis. Direct and indirect effects of the rfaH mutation were dissociated by genome-wide transcriptional profiling of a structural deep-rough LPS mutant (waaG). We show that truncation of LPS itself is responsible for the decreased intracellular yield observed for ΔrfaH strains. LPS mutants do not differ in replication ability; rather, they show increased susceptibility to antimicrobial peptides in the intracellular milieu. On the other hand, evidence that deletion of rfaH, as well as some other genes involved in LPS biosynthesis, results in enhanced invasion of various mammalian cells is shown. Exposure of common minor antigens in the absence of serovar-specific antigens might be responsible for the observed cross-reactive nature of the elicited immune response upon vaccination. Increased invasiveness of the Salmonella rfaH mutant into antigen-presenting cells, combined with increased intracellular killing and the potential for raising a cross-protective immune response, renders the rfaH mutant an ideal vaccine candidate.
An immunohistochemical and pathway tracing study of the striatopallidal organization of area X in the male zebra finch

Area X is a nucleus within songbird basal ganglia that is part of the anterior forebrain song learning circuit. It receives cortical song‐related input and projects to the dorsolateral medial nucleus of thalamus (DLM). We carried out single‐ and double‐labeled immunohistochemical and pathway tracing studies in male zebra finch to characterize the cellular organization and circuitry of area X. We found that 5.4% of area X neuronal perikarya are relatively large, possess aspiny dendrites, and are rich in the pallidal neuron/striatal interneuron marker Lys8‐Asn9‐neurotensin8–13 (LANT6). Many of these perikarya were found to project to the DLM, and their traits suggest that they are pallidal. Area X also contained several neuron types characteristic of the striatum, including interneurons co‐containing LANT6 and the striatal interneuron marker parvalbumin (2% of area X neurons), interneurons containing parvalbumin but not LANT6 (4.8%), cholinergic interneurons (1.4%), and neurons containing the striatal spiny projection neuron marker dopamine‐ and adenosine 3′,5′‐monophosphate‐regulated phosphoprotein (DARPP‐32) (30%). Area X was rich in substance P (SP)‐containing terminals, and many ended on area X neurons projecting to the DLM with the woolly fiber morphology characteristic of striatopallidal terminals. Although SP+ perikarya were not detected in area X, prior studies suggest it is likely that SP‐synthesizing neurons are present and the source of the SP+ input to area X neurons projecting to the DLM. Area X was poor in enkephalinergic fibers and perikarya. The present data support the premise that area X contains both striatal and pallidal neurons, with the striatal neurons likely to include SP+ neurons that project to the pallidal neurons. J. Comp. Neurol. 469:239–261, 2004. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Effects of Teaching Programming via Scratch on Problem Solving Skills: A Discussion from Learners' Perspective

Computer programming is perceived as an important competence for the development of problem solving skills in addition to logical reasoning. Hence, its integration throughout all educational levels, as well as the early ages, is considered valuable and research studies are carried out to explore the phenomenon in more detail. In light of these facts, this study is an exploratory effort to investigate the effect of Scratch programming on 5th grade primary school students' prob� lem solving skills. Moreover, the researchers wondered what 5th grade primary school students think about programming. This study was carried out in an explanatory sequential mixed methods design with the participation of 49 primary school students. According to the quantitative results, programming in Scratch platform did not cause any significant differences in the problem solving skills of the primary school students. There is only a non-significant increase in the mean of the fac � tor of "self- confidence in their problem solving ability". When the thoughts of the primary students were considered, it can be clearly stated that all the students liked programming and wanted to improve their programming. Finally, most of the students found the Scratch platform easy to use.
Harvesting technique affects adipose-derived stem cell yield.

BACKGROUND The success of an autologous fat graft depends in part on its total stromal vascular fraction (SVF) and adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs). However, variations in the yields of ASCs and SVF cells as a result of different harvesting techniques and donor sites are poorly understood. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of adipose tissue harvesting technique and donor site on the yield of ASCs and SVF cells. METHODS Subcutaneous fat tissues from the abdomen, flank, or axilla were harvested from patients of various ages by mechanical liposuction, direct surgical excision, or Coleman's technique with or without centrifugation. Cells were isolated and then analyzed with flow cytometry to determine the yields of total SVF cells and ASCs (CD11b-, CD45-, CD34+, CD90+, D7-FIB+). Differences in ASC and total SVF yields were assessed with one-way analysis of variance. Differentiation experiments were performed to confirm the multilineage potential of cultured SVF cells. RESULTS Compared with Coleman's technique without centrifugation, direct excision yielded significantly more ASCs (P < .001) and total SVF cells (P = .007); liposuction yielded significantly fewer ASCs (P < .001) and total SVF cells (P < .05); and Coleman's technique with centrifugation yielded significantly more total SVF cells (P < .005), but not ASCs. The total number of SVF cells in fat harvested from the abdomen was significantly larger than the number in fat harvested from the flank or axilla (P < .05). Cultured SVF cells differentiated to adipocytes, osteocytes, and chondrocytes. CONCLUSIONS Adipose tissue harvested from the abdomen through direct excision or Coleman's technique with centrifugation was found to yield the most SVF cells and ASCs.
Numerical solutions of 2‐D steady incompressible driven cavity flow at high Reynolds numbers

Numerical calculations of the 2‐D steady incompressible driven cavity flow are presented. The Navier–Stokes equations in streamfunction and vorticity formulation are solved numerically using a fine uniform grid mesh of 601 × 601. The steady driven cavity flow solutions are computed for Re ⩽ 21 000 with a maximum absolute residuals of the governing equations that were less than 10−10. A new quaternary vortex at the bottom left corner and a new tertiary vortex at the top left corner of the cavity are observed in the flow field as the Reynolds number increases. Detailed results are presented and comparisons are made with benchmark solutions found in the literature. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Two days of European spectrum: Preliminary analysis of concurrent spectrum use in seven European sites in GSM and ISM bands

We report initial results from 48 hour spectrum occupancy measurement campaign that was done in time-correlated fashion in seven different European locations. We give a description of the measurement campaign and provide results from our preliminary analysis of overall duty cycle in the frequency range 110-3000 MHz. The paper particularly focuses on traffic and duty cycle patterns in GSM 900 and GSM 1800 bands. For the sake of completeness, we also discuss ISMband utilization in two of our measurement sites. We show that spectrum utilization is generally low, but that variance between frequency bands and locations is significant, which means that any statistical claims on occupancy statistics need to be done carefully before regulatory claims are made.
Concientización de los adolescentes sobre el cuidado ambiental: experiencias al escribir textos descriptivos cortos en inglés

Today it is necessary to approach environmental topics with students in an interdisciplinary manner to mitigate the environmental damages that the Earth is suffering. In this paper we report an actionresearch and innovation study aimed at sensitizing students with respect to the care and preservation of the environment through the writing of short descriptive texts in English. The study had four stages: motivation, knowledge of ecological vocabulary, production of sentences and paragraphs, construction of short descriptive texts with the help of guidance questions and their publication in the school newspaper. The findings show that the procedure used in class promotes interdisciplinary work around environmental topics as well as the development of writing skills.
Survival and death-promoting events after transient spinal cord ischemia in rabbits: Induction of Akt and caspase3 in motor neurons

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg and Koichi Tabayashi Masahiro Sakurai, Tatsuya Nagata, Koji Abe, Takashi Horinouchi, Yasuto Itoyama rabbits: Induction of Akt and caspase3 in motor neurons Survival and death-promoting events after transient spinal cord ischemia in http://jtcs.ctsnetjournals. org/cgi/content/full/125/2/370 located on the World Wide Web at: The online version of this article, along with updated information and services, is
Regularity Lemma for k‐uniform hypergraphs

Szemerédi's Regularity Lemma proved to be a very powerful tool in extremal graph theory with a large number of applications. Chung [Regularity lemmas for hypergraphs and quasi‐randomness, Random Structures Algorithms 2 (1991), 241–252], Frankl and Rödl [The uniformity lemma for hypergraphs, Graphs Combin 8 (1992), 309–312; Extremal problems on set systems, Random Structures Algorithms 20 (2002), 131–164] considered several extensions of Szemerédi's Regularity Lemma to hypergraphs. In particular, [Extremal problems on set systems, Random Structures Algorithms 20 (2002), 131–164] contains a regularity lemma for 3‐uniform hypergraphs that was applied to a number of problems. In this paper, we present a generalization of this regularity lemma to k‐uniform hypergraphs. Similar results were recently independently and alternatively obtained by W. T. Gowers. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Random Struct. Alg. , 2004
A text pattern‐matching tool based on Parsing Expression Grammars

Current text pattern‐matching tools are based on regular expressions. However, pure regular expressions have proven too weak a formalism for the task: many interesting patterns either are difficult to describe or cannot be described by regular expressions. Moreover, the inherent non‐determinism of regular expressions does not fit the need to capture specific parts of a match. Motivated by these reasons, most scripting languages nowadays use pattern‐matching tools that extend the original regular‐expression formalism with a set of ad hoc features, such as greedy repetitions, lazy repetitions, possessive repetitions, ‘longest‐match rule,’ lookahead, etc. These ad hoc extensions bring their own set of problems, such as lack of a formal foundation and complex implementations. In this paper, we propose the use of Parsing Expression Grammars (PEGs) as a basis for pattern matching. Following this proposal, we present LPEG, a pattern‐matching tool based on PEGs for the Lua scripting language. LPEG unifies the ease of use of pattern‐matching tools with the full expressive power of PEGs. Because of this expressive power, it can avoid the myriad of ad hoc constructions present in several current pattern‐matching tools. We also present a Parsing Machine that allows a small and efficient implementation of PEGs for pattern matching. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Normalization of Frontal Cerebral Perfusion in Remitted Elderly Major Depression: A 12-Month Follow-Up SPECT Study

We examined global and regional cerebral blood flow abnormalities in a group of unmedicated nondemented elderly late-onset unipolar major depressed patients in acute depression and in remission (after a 12-month follow-up period). 35 somatic treatment remitter patients over the age of 60 years and 20 sex-, age-, and vascular risk factor-matched healthy controls were imaged with single photon emission computed tomography, using technetium-99m hexamethylpropylene amine oxime as a tracer. In depression, the depressed group had significantly lower uptake in the left anterior frontal region than the control group. In remission, the left frontal cerebral perfusion abnormalities disappeared, and there were no significant differences in uptake between controls and patients. No significant correlations were found between baseline clinical characteristics of patients and their regional cerebral perfusion at baseline or after a 12-month follow-up. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that certain neuroanatomic regions of the central nervous system may be functionally and reversibly involved in unipolar major depression, particularly in the late-onset subgroup.
Record of the genus Lycopodites in the Lower Permian of Paraná Basin, Brazil.

The genus Lycopodites, which encompasses the herbaceous forms of the lycopsids, presents broad time and spacial distribution during the Paleozoic in the Northern Hemisphere, with its initial records dating from the European Devonian. As to Gondwanan Paleozoic, to this moment, only Lycopodites amazonica Dolianiti had been reported for the Amazonian Middle Devonian (Curuá Group). Thus, the specimens reported in this study such as Lycopodites sp. , coming from sedimentary rocks of the Itararé Subgroup, São Paulo State, and Lycopodites riograndensis sp. nov., collected in Rio Bonito Formation, Rio Grande do Sul, represent the oldest fertile forms recorded for Gondwana and the first ones to be described for the Paraná Basin. Its presence in layers, deposited after the end of the Neopaleozoic Glaciation, shows the appearance of new taxa in high latitudes, as well as the diversity of the lycopsids present in the Basin, previously indicated through the abundance of spores associated to the Class Lycopsida present in the palinomorphous assemblages.
Edinburgh Research Explorer A comparative phenotypic and genomic analysis of C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N mouse strains

Background: The mouse inbred line C57BL/6J is widely used in mouse genetics and its genome has been incorporated into many genetic reference populations. More recently large initiatives such as the International Knockout Mouse Consortium (IKMC) are using the C57BL/6N mouse strain to generate null alleles for all mouse genes. Hence both strains are now widely used in mouse genetics studies. Here we perform a comprehensive genomic and phenotypic analysis of the two strains to identify differences that may influence their underlying genetic mechanisms. Results: We undertake genome sequence comparisons of C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N to identify SNPs, indels and structural variants, with a focus on identifying all coding variants. We annotate 34 SNPs and 2 indels that distinguish C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N coding sequences, as well as 15 structural variants that overlap a gene. In parallel we assess the comparative phenotypes of the two inbred lines utilizing the EMPReSSslim phenotyping pipeline, a broad based assessment encompassing diverse biological systems. We perform additional secondary phenotyping assessments to explore other phenotype domains and to elaborate phenotype differences identified in the primary assessment. We uncover significant phenotypic differences between the two lines, replicated across multiple centers, in a number of physiological, biochemical and behavioral systems. Conclusions: Comparison of C57BL/6J and C57BL/6N demonstrates a range of phenotypic differences that have the potential to impact upon penetrance and expressivity of mutational effects in these strains. Moreover, the sequence variants we identify provide a set of candidate genes for the phenotypic differences observed between the two strains. We used the iPLEX GOLD assay of the Sequenom MassARRAY platform for genotyping these variants in eight DNA samples from three C57BL/6 sub-strains (replicate of four C57BL/6J and replicate of two C57BL/6NJ and C57Bl/6NTac) and SpectroTYPER for data analysis. The resulting genotypes were then down-loaded and checked for consistency in the four replicates. either
A Study of Truck Platooning Incentives Using a Congestion Game

We introduce an atomic congestion game with two types of agents, namely, cars and trucks, to model the traffic flow on a road over various time intervals of the day. Cars maximize their utility by finding a tradeoff between the time they choose to use the road, the average velocity of the flow at that time, and the dynamic congestion tax that they pay for using the road. In addition to these terms, the trucks have an incentive for using the road at the same time as their peers because they have platooning capabilities, which allow them to save fuel. The dynamics and equilibria of this game-theoretic model for the interaction between car traffic and truck platooning incentives are investigated. We use traffic data from Stockholm, Sweden, to validate parts of the modeling assumptions and extract reasonable parameters for the simulations. We use joint strategy fictitious play and average strategy fictitious play to learn a pure strategy Nash equilibrium of this game. We perform a comprehensive simulation study to understand the influence of various factors, such as the drivers' value of time and the percentage of the trucks that are equipped with platooning devices, on the properties of the Nash equilibrium.
Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition Nutritional Supplement Use by Elite Young Uk Athletes: Fallacies of Advice regarding Efficacy

Background: The objective was to study nutritional supplement use among young elite UK athletes to establish whether a rationale versus practice incongruence exists, and to investigate the sources of information. Survey data were analysed for association between supplements used and motives for using such substances among young athletes along with the sources of advice and literature precedents on supplement effects.
Using involvement theory to construct a first-year seminar course for college freshmen

Title: Using Involvement Theory to Construct a First-Year Seminar Course for Freshmen Student: Kellen R. Story Degree: Master of Arts in Student Affairs Administration in Higher Education College: Teachers College Date: May 2012 Pages: 67 The purpose of this creative project was to develop a First-Year Experience (FYE) course for matriculating college students that included many developmental components including life skills, diversity immersion, and a mandatory student involvement component. This project was done to create a structure within FYE settings that emphasizes outside involvement as a complement to the academia components. This course was designed as a complement to the overall first-year experience that freshmen students will have. While FYE programs already exist, this class was made to further get the student involved with his or her school outside of the classroom. Many FYE programs have involvement components that encompass work, volunteering or other clubs – but none that were studied made it a mandatory component. By engaging in outside involvement outside of the classroom, students become more affiliated with his or her college surroundings and may have a better collegiate experience than a student who is not engaged with involvement. With the design of this class, students will become more involved with their university or college at both the social and academic level.
SELECTION FOR FITNESS VERSUS SELECTION FOR ROBUSTNESS IN RNA SECONDARY STRUCTURE FOLDING

Abstract I investigate the competition between two quasispecies residing on two disparate neutral networks. Under the assumption that the two neutral networks have different topologies and fitness levels, it is the mutation rate that determines which quasispecies will eventually be driven to extinction. For small mutation rates, I find that the quasispecies residing on the neutral network with the lower replication rate will disappear. For higher mutation rates, however, the faster replicating sequences may be outcompeted by the slower replicating ones if the connection density on the second neutral network is sufficiently high. The analytical results are in excellent agreement with flow-reactor simulations of replicating RNA sequences. Corresponding Editor: M. Riley
Cyclic-Imide-Hydrolyzing Activity ofd-Hydantoinase from Blastobacter sp. Strain A17p-4

ABSTRACT The cyclic-imide-hydrolyzing activity of a prokaryotic cyclic-ureide-hydrolyzing enzyme, d-hydantoinase, was investigated. The enzyme hydrolyzed cyclic imides with bulky substituents such as 2-methylsuccinimide, 2-phenylsuccinimide, phthalimide, and 3,4-pyridine dicarboximide to the corresponding half-amides. However, simple cyclic imides without substituents, which are substrates of imidase (i.e., succinimide, glutarimide, and sulfur-containing cyclic imides such as 2,4-thiazolidinedione and rhodanine), were not hydrolyzed. The combined catalytic actions of bacterial d-hydantoinase and imidase can cover the function of a single mammalian enzyme, dihydropyrimidinase. Prokaryoticd-hydantoinase also catalyzed the dehydrative cyclization of the half-amide phthalamidic acid to the corresponding cyclic imide, phthalimide. The reversible hydrolysis of cyclic imides shown by prokaryoticd-hydantoinase suggested that, in addition to pyrimidine metabolism, it may also function in cyclic-imide metabolism.
Poor People’s Politics: Peronist Survival Networks and the Legacy of Evita

Acknowledgments ix Who Is Who in the Peronist Network xiii Introduction: The Day of the Rally Complaining about T-shirts on Peron's Birthday 1 1. "They Were Mostly Poor People" Poverty and Inequality in Contemporary Buenos Aires 29 2. "Most of Them Were Coming from Villa Paraiso" History and Lived Experiences of Shantytown Dwellers 45 3. "They Knew Matilde" The Problem-Solving Network 80 4. "We Will Fight Forever, We Are Peronists" Eva Peron as a Public Performance 119 5. The "Clientelist" Viewpoint How Shantytown Dwellers Perceive and Evaluate Political Clientelism 152 6. "They Were All Peronists" The Remnants of the Populist Heresy 182 Conclusions Problem Solving through Political Mediation as a Structure of Feeling 205 Epilogue Last Rally 215 Notes 219 Bibliography 237 Index 255