Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Continuous Fermentation of a Prodigiosin-Producing Serratia marcescens Strain Isolated from Soil

A red-pigmented bacterial strain NS-17 was isolated from soil, and physiological and biochemical characteristics and 16S rDNA analysis established this organism as a strain of Serratia marcescens. The red pigment isolated from cells of NS-17 was identified as prodigiosin. By analyzing factors affecting the production of prodigiosin, modified medium and culture conditions were set up, and a continuous fermentation method was carried out to take advantage of the mass production of foam during fermentation. Continuous fermentation was achieved in the following conditions: 32℃, 1:1 ventilation ratio, and medium with a nutrient concentration 5-fold higher than that of the fermentation medium (with half the inorganic salt concentration) supplied as a feed medium at a flow rate of 8 mL/min. For the first time of continuous fermentation of Serratia marcescens coupling with foam flotation, a high yield of prodigiosin was obtained. After 56 h of culturing, the total harvest of cells was enhanced 2.33-fold compared to that of batch fermentation, the total amount of prodigiosin was enhanced 2.70-fold compared to that of batch fermentation, and cells and prodigiosin were concentrated in the efflux broth automatically.
Running head : Fish population dynamics and diversity in reservoirs 1 2 Fish population dynamics and diversity in boreal and temperate reservoirs : A quantitative 3 synthesis 4 5

McGill University, Department of Biology, 1205 Docteur Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Québec, 9 CANADA, H3A 1B1 10 McGill University, Department Of Natural Resource Sciences, 21 111 Lakeshore Road, Sainte11 Anne de Bellevue, Québec, CANADA, H9X 3V9 12 Quebec Centre for Biodiversity Science (QCBS), McGill University, Department of Biology, 13 1205 Docteur Penfield Avenue, Montreal, Québec, CANADA, H3A 1B1 14 Université du Québec à Rimouski, Département de biologie, 300 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, 15 Québec, CANADA, G5L 3A1 16
Bidirectional cooperative motion of molecular motors

Recently, in a beautiful set of experiments, it has been shown that a Ncd mutant, NK11, which lacks directionality in its individual motion, was able to exhibit a new kind of directed motion in motility assays (Endow, S. A. & Higuchi, H. (2000) Nature (London) 406, 913–916): the filaments keep a given velocity for a while and then suddenly move in the opposite direction with similar velocity. We show that these observations nicely illustrate the concept of dynamic transitions in motor collections introduced earlier in the case of an infinite number of motors. We investigate the experimentally relevant case of a finite number of motors both when directionality is present (kinesins, myosins, Ncd) and absent (NK11). Using a symmetric two-state model, we demonstrate that bidirectional motion is the signature of a dynamic transition that results from the collective behavior of many motors acting on the same filament. For motors exhibiting directional bias individually, an asymmetric two-state model is appropriate. In that case, dynamic transitions exist for motor collections in the presence of an external force. We give predictions for the dependence of motion on ATP concentration, external forces, and the number of motors involved. In particular, we show that the reversal time grows exponentially with the number of motors per filament.
Backlog-based random access in wireless networks: Fluid limits and instability issues

Backlog-based wireless access schemes are simple and inherently distributed, yet provide a striking capability to match the optimal throughput performance of centralized scheduling mechanisms in a wide range of scenarios. Unfortunately, the type of activation rules for which throughput optimality has been established, may result in excessive backlogs and delays. The use of more aggressive/persistent access schemes than these can improve the delay performance, but does not offer any universal maximum-stability guarantees. Motivated by the above issues, we use fluid limits to explore the (in)stability properties of backlog-based random-access algorithms. Such fluid limits have varying qualitative properties, dependent on the specific scenario, ranging from ones with smooth deterministic features, to others which exhibit random oscillatory characteristics. It turns out that more aggressive access schemes continue to provide maximum stability in some networks, e.g. complete interference graphs. As we show however, in other topologies such schemes can drive the system into inefficient states and thus cause instability. Simulation experiments are conducted to illustrate and validate the analytical results.
Prediction of Breakdown Voltages in Novel Gases for High Voltage Insulation

Sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) is an important insulation medium for high voltage equipment due to its superior insulation properties. SF6 is widely used in gas insulated switchgear. However, the gas also has a very high global warming potential and the content of SF6 in the atmosphere is constantly increasing. Further, due to the worldwide increasing demand for electric power the number of installations containing SF6 as insulation medium is expected to grow. Therefore, an alternative insulation gas with similar electric properties but substantially less environmental impact would be preferable to substitute SF6. The traditional search for new insulation gases is done with classical breakdown experiments. They have to be carefully executed for different field configurations over a wide pressure range and for all standard voltage waveforms. This is a time consuming procedure. As an alternative for the investigation of a large group of candidate gases within a reasonable time horizon, recently a three step approach was developed. This approach comprises a quantumchemical screening of interesting molecules, an investigation of the swarm parameters of selected gases and the prediction of the breakdown behaviour for technical relevant geometries of the best candidates. The aim of the thesis at hand is to provide a prediction method for the latter step. In the literature a model for SF6 is described to calculate the breakdown voltages in arbitrary electrode configurations and under standard voltage waveforms based on the stepped leader model. As input parameters, results from swarm experiments, i.e. the critical field strength and the effective ionization coefficient, thermodynamic properties and results from time lag measurements in a principal setup are sufficient. Those parameters can be accessed more easily than e.g. a full set of collisional cross sections which is required for most of the other available simulation models. Before the investigation of different gases the model was crosschecked with own measurements in SF6. For the application to other electron attaching gases than SF6, it was necessary to develop a method to calculate the thermodynamic parameters of the gases and to derive the temperature dependence
DEVELOPING ESP READING COMPREHENSION INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS THROUGH SCHEMA THEORY APPROACH AT PAI STUDY PROGRAM OF TARBIYAH FACULTY OF IAIN BENGKULU

The fact that the English reading comprehension ability of the students of Islamic Religious Education of Tarbiyah Faculty of IAIN Bengkulu is still low. One of the causes of the problem is the ineffectiveness of the English teaching materials that have been used. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to produce ESP English reading comprehension instructional materials based on Islamic Educational Studies (IES) in accordance with the characteristics of Islamic Education Study Program students of Tarbiyah Faculty. The procedure in developing this instructional materials was adapted from Borg and Gall's research and development model. The research method used to investigate the effectiveness of the product is quasi-experimental method. The developed instructional material prototype was validated by material and media experts and also by English lecturers. According to experts of material and media, the product is very good with the percentage of ideality of 76% and 73.3%. According to the English lecturers’ validations are also categorized in good category with 77.5% percentage and the students' responses from the aspect of material, presentation and language assessment are classified as positive (good) category. There is a significant difference of reading comprehension achievement between experimental and control group students. It means that the students’ reading comprehension ability in the experimental group is higher than that of in the control group. It indicates that the product of this research is effective in improving the students’ English reading comprehension achievement.
The Potential for Mindfulness-Based Intervention in Workplace Mental Health Promotion: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial

Objectives This study aims to intensively evaluate the effectiveness of mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) on mental illness risks (including psychological distress, prolonged fatigue, and perceived stress) and job strain (job control and job demands) for employees with poor mental health. Methods A longitudinal research design was adopted. In total, 144 participants were randomized to the intervention group or the control group. The intervention group participated in MBI for eight weeks. Measurements were collected for both groups at five time points: at pre-intervention (T1), at mid-intervention (T2), at the completion of intervention (T3), four weeks after intervention (T4), and eight weeks after intervention (T5). Data were analyzed according to the intention-to-treat principle. A linear mixed model with two levels was employed to analyze the repeated measurement data. Results Compared with the control group, the intercepts (means at T3) for the intervention group were significantly lower on psychological distress, prolonged fatigue, and perceived stress when MBI was completed. Even with the demographic variables controlled, the positive effects remained. For growth rates of prolonged fatigue and perceived stress, participants in the intervention group showed a steeper decrease than did the participants in the control group. Regarding job strain, although the intercept (mean at T3) of job demands showed a significant decline when BMI was completed, the significance disappeared when the demographic variables were controlled. Moreover, the other results for job control and job demands did not show promising findings. Conclusion As a workplace health promotion program, the MBI seems to have potential in improving mental illness risks for employees with poor mental health. However, there was insufficient evidence to support its effect on mitigating job strain. Further research on maintaining the positive effects on mental health for the long term and on developing innovative MBI to suit job strain are recommended. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02241070
Association between Catechol-O-Methyltrasferase Val108/158Met Genotype and Prefrontal Hemodynamic Response in Schizophrenia

Background “Imaging genetics” studies have shown that brain function by neuroimaging is a sensitive intermediate phenotype that bridges the gap between genes and psychiatric conditions. Although the evidence of association between functional val108/158met polymorphism of the catechol-O-methyltransferase gene (COMT) and increasing risk for developing schizophrenia from genetic association studies remains to be elucidated, one of the most topical findings from imaging genetics studies is the association between COMT genotype and prefrontal function in schizophrenia. The next important step in the translational approach is to establish a useful neuroimaging tool in clinical settings that is sensitive to COMT variation, so that the clinician could use the index to predict clinical response such as improvement in cognitive dysfunction by medication. Here, we investigated spatiotemporal characteristics of the association between prefrontal hemodynamic activation and the COMT genotype using a noninvasive neuroimaging technique, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Methodology/Principal Findings Study participants included 45 patients with schizophrenia and 60 healthy controls matched for age and gender. Signals that are assumed to reflect regional cerebral blood volume were monitored over prefrontal regions from 52-channel NIRS and compared between two COMT genotype subgroups (Met carriers and Val/Val individuals) matched for age, gender, premorbid IQ, and task performance. The [oxy-Hb] increase in the Met carriers during the verbal fluency task was significantly greater than that in the Val/Val individuals in the frontopolar prefrontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia, although neither medication nor clinical symptoms differed significantly between the two subgroups. These differences were not found to be significant in healthy controls. Conclusions/Significance These data suggest that the prefrontal NIRS signals can noninvasively detect the impact of COMT variation in patients with schizophrenia. NIRS may be a promising candidate translational approach in psychiatric neuroimaging.
The Spitzer/GLIMPSE Surveys: A New View of the Milky Way

A brief description is given of the GLIMPSE surveys, including the areas surveyed, sensitivity limits, and products. The primary motivations for this review are to describe some of the main scientific results enabled by the GLIMPSE surveys and to note potential future applications of the GLIMPSE catalogs and images. In particular, we discuss contributions to our understanding of star formation and early evolution, the interstellar medium, galactic structure, and evolved stars. Infrared dark clouds (IRDCs), young stellar objects (YSOs), and infrared bubbles/H II regions are discussed in some detail. A probable triggered star formation associated with expanding infrared bubbles is briefly mentioned. The distribution and morphologies of dust and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the interstellar medium are discussed. Examples are shown from GLIMPSE images of bow shocks, pillars (elephant trunks), and instabilities in massive star-formation regions. The infrared extinction law of diffuse interstellar dust is discussed. The large-scale structure of the Galaxy has been traced by red-clump giants using the GLIMPSE point-source catalog to reveal the radius and orientation of the central bar, the stellar radial scale length, an obvious increase in star counts toward the tangency to the Scutum-Centaurus spiral arm, the lack of an obvious tangency from star counts toward the Sagittarius spiral arm, and a sharp increase in star counts toward the nuclear bulge. Recent results on evolved stars and some serendipitous discoveries are mentioned. More than 70 refereed papers have been published based on GLIMPSE data as of 2008 November.
Innovation in Services Through the Looking Glass of Innovation Studies

Executive Summary • Services dominate advanced economies, accounting for about three quarters of their gross value added and employment. Discounting government and other public services, private sector services account for about half of economic activity in advanced economies. Moreover services are the only part of advanced economies to have expanded in terms of employment in recent years, as manufacturing, mining and agriculture continue to contract. • Services were long thought to be laggards with regard to innovation – they were assumed to be uninteresting adopters of existing technologies rather than producers of new technology. This perception still exists, and is a major reason why innovation in services remains under-researched. • Services are, however, enormously diverse. Indeed, it has been observed that services occupy the top and bottom of the economy, and provide the best jobs and the worst jobs available. • Many services are small firms which compete in local markets with other similar firms. These firms tend to be unsophisticated with regard to their technology base, organizational arrangements and innovation strategies. It has been suggested that these firms are often locked into this situation by a combination of weak managerial and workforce skills, coupled with undemanding customers, all of which means the firms have neither the incentives nor the abilities to escape into higher value added activities through innovation and developing more sophisticated technological and organizational structures. • In contrast, some services are amongst the most sophisticated business in the world. We discuss two broad types of sophisticated service firms: systems firms and knowledge intensive service firms, such as professional services. • Systems firms are typically large businesses in industries such as banking and insurance, airlines, and supermarket retailing. These firms are based on very detailed divisions of labour, have highly sophisticated operating routines and have a heavy dependence on technologies, particularly Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) but also logistics in the case of supermarkets and airlines. New technologies have often transformed these industries, an example being how the introduction of direct selling of insurance by Direct Line led to the transformation of that industry in the late 1980s and 1990s. • Knowledge intensive service firms are at the heart of a great many innovation activities. These firms exist in activities such as legal and accountancy services, engineering and design, advertising, market research and management consultancy. Heavily dependent on the knowledge and expertise of their professional employees, these firms …
Support during Pregnancy as an Influencing Factor on the Transition to Parenthood.

This study was the first of four within a Ph.D. program of research which examined factors that were perceived to be important considerations when designing, developing, and delivering preand perinatal (PPN) parenting programs for the 21st Century. In this research, 54 mothers and seven fathers (N=61) who had attended a PPN parenting program, completed an online questionnaire that examined program content strengths, gaps, and limitations. Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis was undertaken and revealed that “support during pregnancy” was a topic deemed to be important when assessing PPN parenting programs; as consistent with the literature, a lack of support was a commonly reported causes of stress for expecting parents during the time of pregnancy. Whilst some research advocates that existing programs mitigate these concerns, the current research did not concur. The findings add to the literature in PPN psychology by highlighting a wide range of topics identified as being essential content for future PPN parenting programs, resulting in future development of a range of PPN parenting programs, as well as measuring effectiveness through pre and post-test randomized clinical trials utilizing large sample sizes and control groups. It is predicted that outcomes may result in sustainable PPN care, positive parenting post birth, needs-based inclusion of fathers, and supported transition for couples into parenthood.
Waves and Instabilities in Accretion Disks: Magnetohydrodynamic Spectroscopic Analysis

A complete analytical and numerical treatment of all magnetohydrodynamic waves and instabilities for radially stratified, magnetized accretion disks is presented. The instabilities are a possible source of anomalous transport. While recovering results on known hydrodynamic and both weak- and strong-field magnetohydrodynamic perturbations, the full magnetohydrodynamic spectra for a realistic accretion disk model demonstrate a much richer variety of instabilities accessible to the plasma than previously realized. We show that both weakly and strongly magnetized accretion disks are prone to strong nonaxisymmetric instabilities. The ability to characterize all waves arising in accretion disks holds great promise for magnetohydrodynamic spectroscopic analysis.
Quality-of-service in ad hoc carrier sense multiple access wireless networks

Carrier sense multiple access (CSMA) is one of the most pervasive medium access control (MAC) schemes in ad hoc, wireless networks. However, CSMA and its current variants do not provide quality-of-service (QoS) guarantees for real-time traffic support. This paper presents and studies black-burst (BB) contention, which is a distributed MAC scheme that provides QoS real-time access to ad hoc CSMA wireless networks. With this scheme, real-time nodes contend for access to the channel with pulses of energy-so called BBs-the durations of which are a function of the delay incurred by the nodes until the channel became idle. It is shown that real-time packets are not subject to collisions and that they have access priority over data packets. When operated in an ad hoc wireless LAN, BB contention further guarantees bounded and typically very small real-time delays. The performance of the network can approach that attained under ideal time division multiplexing (TDM) via a distributed algorithm that groups real-time packet transmissions into chains. A general analysis of BB contention is given, contemplating several modes of operation. The analysis provides conditions for the scheme to be stable. Its results are complemented with simulations that evaluate the performance of an ad hoc wireless LAN with a mixed population of data and real-time nodes.
An Improved Differential Evolution Algorithm for TSP Problem

TSP (Traveling Salesman Problem) is a kind of typical NP problems, mostly settled by genetic algorithm (GA). Differential Evolution Algorithm (DE) is a kind of new Evolution Algorithm which has many similarities with GA. We proposed to solve TSP problem by improved differential evolution algorithm. Added an auxiliary operator for regulating integer sequence to mutation process, and replaced the original crossover operator by Liuhai crossover operator. Experimental results show that this method can effectively improve the convergence speed and optimal quality, show good characteristic in the solution of TSP problem.
Limits to Modularity: Reflections on Recent Developments in Chip Design

Research on “modularity” has made an important contribution to the study of technical change and economic institutions. It demonstrates that progress in the division of labor in design (technical modularity) has created new opportunities for the organization of firms beyond vertical integration, by fostering vertical specialization in both manufacturing and innovation. However, a small, but growing revisionist literature contends that the enthusiasm for modularity has gone too far. Instead of exploring challenges and difficulties that management is facing in implementing modularity, there is a tendency in the “modularity” literature to generalize empirical observations that are context‐specific and to confound them with prescription as well as prediction. This paper sides with the revisionist literature in cautioning against claims of pervasive modularity. The objective is not to propose an alternative theory. More modestly, I am aiming to move the debate away from polemics to a scholarly discourse that asks what forces might constrain the convergence of technical, organizational and market modularity. A related objective is to explore what management can do to overcome these limits. I examine new evidence from a cutting‐edge industry, semiconductors, that is often cited by modularity proponents as an indicator of broader industry trends. The paper shows that, even in this industry, there are powerful counter‐forces causing organizational structures to become more integrated, not more arm's length. Evidence from chip design is used to analyze how competitive dynamics and cognitive complexity create modularity limits, and to examine management responses. I demonstrate that inter‐firm collaboration requires more (not less) coordination through corporate management, if codification does not reduce complexity—which it fails to do when technologies keep changing fast and unpredictably.