Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
[Immunohistochemical detection of p21ras, c-myc and p53 oncoproteins in hepatocellular carcinoma and in non-neoplastic liver tissue].

BACKGROUND Genetic and epigenetic alterations have been described in animal hepatocarcinogenesis models but need to be studied in human being. AIMS To assess the immunoreactivity of p21ras, c-myc and p53 oncoproteins in hepatocellular carcinoma and non neoplastic tissue. Association of the immunoreactivity of these markers with histological grades and patterns, hepatitis B and C were additionally studied. METHODS Detection of oncoproteins p21ras, c-myc and p53 was performed immunohistochemically in hepatocellular carcinoma (47 cases) and surrounding non neoplastic liver tissue (40 cases). RESULTS Oncoproteins p21ras, c-myc and p53 were detected in 44,7%, 53,2% and 36,2% of the hepatocellular carcinoma cases, respectively. The p21ras and c-myc immunoreactivity has shown a significant association. However there was no association of p21ras, c-myc and p53 detection with hepatitis B and C virus infections, histological grades and patterns. The same significant association between p21ras and c-myc was observed in non-neoplastic tissue with cirrhosis when compared with tissue without it. The p53 immunoreactivity was negative in all non-neoplastic liver tissue samples. CONCLUSIONS The immunoreactivity detection of p21ras, c-myc and p53 corroborates previous evidence of their detection in hepatocellular carcinoma that suggest the participation of these proteins in human hepatocarcinogenesis. The significant association between p21ras and c-myc oncoproteins in hepatocellular carcinoma and in cirrhosis can point to an interaction between them mainly, in hepatocarcinogenesis that occurs through cirrhosis.
Dynamic Petri Fuzzy Cerebellar Model Articulation Controller Design for a Magnetic Levitation System and a Two-Axis Linear Piezoelectric Ceramic Motor Drive System

This brief aims to propose a more efficient control algorithm for a magnetic levitation system (MLS) and a two-axis linear piezoelectric ceramic motor (LPCM) drive system. A dynamic Petri fuzzy cerebellar (DPFC) model articulation controller is developed to allow control of the position of the metallic sphere of an MLS and the trajectory tracking of a two-axis LPCM drive system. In the DPFC, the concept of a Petri net and a fuzzy frame are incorporated into a cerebellar model articulation controller (CMAC), which alleviates the computational burden that accompanies the learning of parameters and enhances the fuzzy reasoning inference of CMACs. The supervised gradient-descent method is used to develop the online-training algorithm for the DPFC. To guarantee the convergence of trajectory tracking errors, analytical methods that use a discrete-type Lyapunov function are proposed for the DPFC. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed DPFC for different experimental systems.
Myoepithelioma of the breast: Histologic, immunologic, and electromicroscopic appearance

This report describes the histologic, immunologic, and ultrastructural features of a distinctive spindle‐cell tumor of the female breast interpreted as pure myoepithelioma. By light microscopy, The tumor showed the mammary parenchyma replaced by bundles of fusiform cells, which cytoplasms contained myosin and actin, demonstrated immunologically. Ultrastructurally, The spindle cells were joined by mature desmosomes and presented parallel bundles of microfilaments and remnants of basal lamina.
Bivariate median splits and spurious statistical significance.

Despite pleas from methodologists, researchers often continue to dichotomize continuous predictor variables. The primary argument against this practice has been that it underestimates the strength of relationships and reduces statistical power. Although this argument is correct for relationships involving a single predictor, a different problem can arise when multiple predictors are involved. Specifically, dichotomizing 2 continuous independent variables can lead to false statistical significance. As a result, the typical justification for using a median split as long as results continue to be statistically significant is invalid, because such results may in fact be spurious. Thus, researchers who dichotomize multiple continuous predictor variables not only may lose power to detect true predictor-criterion relationships in some situations but also may dramatically increase the probability of Type I errors in other situations. For many years, behavioral statisticians have chided psychological researchers for artificially dichotomizing continuous variables. Despite many such methodological pleas (e.g., Cohen, 1983,1990; Humphreys, 1978; McNemar, 1969, pp. 444449), the ubiquitous median split has retained its popularity in many areas of psychology. Indeed, some well-known psychological theories such as the Type A/Type B personality distinction, the reflection/impulsivity distinction, and the models of sex roles discussed by Bern (1977) and Spence and Helmreich (1978) are based on forming dichotomies from continuous scores obtained from psychological instruments. Studies have demonstrated that dichotomization is not just an abstract methodological issue but can in fact greatly impact the interpretation of empirical results (e.g., Block, Block, & Harrington, 1974; Lubinski, Tellegen, & Butcher, 1983; Spence, 1983; Tellegen & Lubinski, 1983). Why have researchers continued to ignore methodologists' advice not to dichotomize their measures? Certainly one obvious reason is that data analysis procedures are generally somewhat simpler for dichotomous measures than for continuous measures. A common defense on the part of researchers is that as long as they can obtain statistical significance with a dichotomous measure, why should they have to bother with the more complicated statistical technique likely to be required by using a continuous measure? Underlying this argument is an implicit assumption that the effect of artificially dichotomizing a continuous measure is necessarily to lower the power of obtaining statistical significance. In fact, various methodologists have noted that dichotomizing a continuous measure in effect throws away information because individuals within a subgroup are treated as if they were identical with respect to the attribute in question, when there is evidence to the contrary. This loss of information typically re
Implications of the Cosmic Background Imager Polarization Data

We present new measurements of the power spectra of the E mode of cosmic microwave background (CMB) polarization, the temperature T, the cross-correlation of E and T, and upper limits on the B mode from 2.5 yr of dedicated Cosmic Background Imager (CBI) observations. Both raw maps and optimal signal images in the (u, v)-plane and the sky plane show strong detections of the E mode (11.7 σ for the EE power spectrum overall) and no detection of the B mode. The power spectra are used to constrain parameters of the flat tilted adiabatic ΛCDM models: those determined from EE and TE bandpowers agree with those from TT, which is a powerful consistency check. There is little tolerance for shifting polarization peaks from the TT-forecast locations, as measured by the angular sound crossing scale θ = 100/ls = 1.03 ± 0.02 from EE and TE; compare with 1.044 ± 0.005 with the TT data included. The scope for extra out-of-phase peaks from subdominant isocurvature modes is also curtailed. The EE and TE measurements of CBI, DASI, and BOOMERANG are mutually consistent and, taken together rather than singly, give enhanced leverage for these tests.
Creating 3DCG Objects like Toy Blocks from a Picture on a Sketchbook

In this research we improved "Amazing Sketchbook" to create 3DCG objects like toy blocks and interact with them. "Amazing Sketchbook" is an interactive media tool. This tool monitors a physical sketchbook with a camera and analyzes a picture an the sketchbook, and a user can create 3DCG objects interactively by drawing a picture with physical color pens on the sketchbook. It is also possible to interact with the created 3DCG objects by touching the picture on the sketchbook or shaking the sketchbook. Our tool does not require drafts to color in, and a user can draw arbitrary pictures on a physical sketchbook. Interaction with 3DCG objects through a sketchbook is also originality of our tool. We improved our tool to realize more various shapes creation and interaction. We developed new methods to create 3DCG objects like toy blocks from a picture on a sketchbook. Our tool decides the way of piling up toy blocks automatically according to the shapes and colors of drawn objects on the sketchbook, and creates 3D objects made by virtual toy blocks interactively. It is also possible to interact with the 3D objects made by virtual blocks. When the user shakes the sketchbook, our tool would detect the movement of the 3D objects from a video sequence of the camera, and 3D objects made by virtual toy blocks would move and break into pieces. Our tool could use for entertainment, education, digital signage, and so on.
Understanding Lay Assessments of Alcohol Use Disorder: Need for Treatment and Associated Stigma.

AIMS Three-quarters of people with an alcohol use disorder in the USA never receive treatment. Our understandings of who receives care are informed by sociological perspectives, theories and models, each of which discuss the role of lay people's understanding of illness. However, comparatively little work has been done to unpack the cognitive processes underlying lay assessment. In the context of the Framework Integrating Normative Influences on Stigma (FINIS), we aim to understand key factors guiding lay people's stigmatizing attitudes, perceptions and assessments of alcohol use disorder behaviors. METHODS Lay people read a vignette depicting a male or female adult with a diagnosable alcohol use disorder, along with either a causal life-event explanation for the alcohol use disorder behaviors or no explanation. They then made judgments of the need for treatment, psychological abnormality and the stigma they felt toward the person depicted. RESULTS Causal life-event explanations decreased lay judgments of the need for treatment, psychological abnormality and stigma. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that the availability of a causal life-event explanation may have a complex effect on lay judgments, decreasing the likelihood of recommending treatment for alcohol use disorders, yet simultaneously reducing stigmatizing perceptions (and presumably social distance).
Further Analysis on the Total Number of Subtrees of Trees

When considering the total number of subtrees of trees, the extremal structures which maximize this number among binary trees and trees with a given maximum degree lead to some interesting facts that correlate to some other graphical indices in applications. Along this line, it is interesting to study that over some types of trees with a given order, which trees minimize or maximize this number. Here are our main results: (1) The extremal tree which minimizes the total number of subtrees among $n$-vertex trees with $k$ pendants is characterized. (2) The extremal tree which maximizes (resp. minimizes) the total number of subtrees among $n$-vertex trees with a given bipartition is characterized. (3) The extremal tree which minimizes the total number of subtrees among the set of all $q$-ary trees with $n$ non-leaf vertices is identified. (4) The extremal $n$-vertex tree with given domination number maximizing the total number of subtrees is characterized.
Age Differences in Implicit and Explicit Associative Memory: Exploring Elaborative Processing Effects

Abstract Research in memory processes suggests implicit memory is more resistant to the effects of aging than explicit memory. Two experiments examined how variations in level of processing affect memory for novel word-pair associations across age groups. The results indicate that new learning may rely on some degree of elàborate and even explicit processing and that older adults show deficits in any form of new learning. Explicit associative memory benefited from elaborative processing for both age groups and age differences appeared to relate to overall working-memory capacity rather than effective use of elaborative processes. These results support a model of associative memory that distinguishes automatic unconscious processes versus conscious controlled processes in which older adults exhibit deficits in associative memory tasks that actually rely on consciously controlled processes.
EXAMINANDO A RELAÇÃO ENTRE APRENDIZAGEM INDIVIDUAL, GRUPAL E ORGANIZACIONAL EM UMA INSTITUIÇÃO FINANCEIRA

The phenomenon of learning can be studied at different levels - individual, group, organizational and inter-organizational - which are interconnected and involve a complex set of variables. This work aims to verify and analyze empirically the relationship between individual learning, group and organizational. The theoretical framework presents and analyzes how different authors studied the possible relationship between these levels, relying, in particular, in authors aligned with the technical perspective and proposed measurement instruments focused on some aspects of the phenomenon. The survey involved a sample of 105 employees of a financial institution. The instrument developed by Chan (2003) was used in the operationalization of the constructs, and for the data analysis, the principal component analysis was used followed by structural equation modeling. In addition to the validation of the measurement of individual learning in groups and organizational, another contribution of this study was the operationalization of the three constructs as second order latent variables, which made the structural model more parsimonious. The results showed that both individual and group learning influenced the organizational learning in the sample, with confirmation of the three hypotheses tested. At the end of the work are discussed their limitations and pointed out some directions for further research.
Endophytic Colonization of Vitis vinifera L. by Plant Growth-Promoting Bacterium Burkholderia sp. Strain PsJN

ABSTRACT Patterns of colonization of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Chardonnay plantlets by a plant growth-promoting bacterium, Burkholderia sp. strain PsJN, were studied under gnotobiotic conditions. Wild-type strain PsJN and genetically engineered derivatives of this strain tagged with gfp (PsJN::gfp2x) or gusA (PsJN::gusA11) genes were used to enumerate and visualize tissue colonization. The rhizospheres of 4- to 5-week-old plantlets with five developed leaves were inoculated with bacterial suspensions. Epiphytic and endophytic colonization patterns were then monitored by dilution plating assays and microscopic observation of organ sections. Bacteria were chronologically detected first on root surfaces, then in root internal tissues, and finally in the fifth internode and the tissues of the fifth leaf. Analysis of the PsJN colonization patterns showed that this strain colonizes grapevine root surfaces, as well as cell walls and the whole surface of some rhizodermal cells. Cells were also abundant at lateral root emergence sites and root tips. Furthermore, cell wall-degrading endoglucanase and endopolygalacturonase secreted by PsJN explained how the bacterium gains entry into root internal tissues. Host defense reactions were observed in the exodermis and in several cortical cell layers. Bacteria were not observed on stem and leaf surfaces but were found in xylem vessels of the fifth internode and the fifth leaf of plantlets. Moreover, bacteria were more abundant in the fifth leaf than in the fifth internode and were found in substomatal chambers. Thus, it seems that Burkholderia sp. strain PsJN induces a local host defense reaction and systemically spreads to aerial parts through the transpiration stream.
Visual and auditory digit-span performance in native and non-native speakers

We compared 121 native and 114 non-native speakers of Dutch (with 35 different first languages) on four digit-span tasks, varying modality (visual/auditory) and direction (forward/backward). An interaction was observed between nativeness and modality, such that, while natives performed better than the non-natives on the auditory tasks (which were performed in the non-natives’ second language), performance on the visual tasks (which was performed in participants’ dominant language) did not significantly differ between natives and non-natives. The interaction between nativeness and modality disappeared when the data were corrected for Dutch proficiency. Correction for Dutch proficiency elevated non-native speakers’ scores on the auditory tasks, without altering the non-natives’ digit-span rank order. Despite considerable differences in mean length of the digit names zero to nine in the non-natives’ first languages, these differences were not significantly correlated with their visual digit-span scores. While further research is needed on the sources of variation in digit-span performance, we recommend the use of the visual digit-span task (forward or backward) for cross-linguistic research and advise researchers to be aware of the association between language proficiency and verbal working-memory performance.
Coexpression of chitinase and the cry11Aa1 toxin genes in Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis.

At the spore stage, a cloned chitinase gene was coexpressed with the regulatory gene p19 and the toxin gene cry11Aa1 in the hosts Bacillus thuringiensis serovar israelensis strains 4Q2-72 and c4Q2-72. The chitinase gene was derived from a high-chitinase producer, Bacillus licheniformis TP-1. Two transcriptional fusion plasmids between the p19 or p19-cry11Aa1 genes and the promoterless chitinase gene were constructed. In transcription order, the p16-19CHI construct contained the p19 gene together with the chitinase gene only while the p16-1968CHI construct contained p19 together with the toxin gene cry11Aa1 and the chitinase gene. The inserted sequences were regulated by a spore-specific promoter located upstream of p19. The recombinant chitinase of all transformed B. thuringiensis serovar israelensis strains was initially synthesized at low level at about 9 h of growth when a portion of the cells started to sporulate. It increased thereafter and reached maximum levels of 5.5, 4.9, and 4.7 mU/ml at 48 h, for strain 4Q2-72 transformed with p16-19CHI and p16-1968CHI and strain c4Q2-72 transformed with p16-19CHI, respectively. This activity was approximately 2 times higher than the maximum activity (2.7 mU/ml) of the parental strain, B. licheniformis TP-1. Although crude chitinase alone from B. thuringiensis serovar israelensis c4Q2-72 (p16-19CHI) at 4.5 mU/ml caused 40% mortality in second instar Aedes aegypti larvae, transformants containing the chitinase alone or in combination with cry11Aa1 resulted in lower toxicity to A. aegypti larvae than the untransformed 4Q2-72 host. For example the LC(50) for the transformed 4Q2-72 harboring the chitinase gene only (p16-19CHI) was 5.6 x 10(4) +/- 0.7 x 10(4) cells, 40 times higher than that of the untransformed host at 1.4 x 10(3) +/- 0.19 x 10(3). The lower toxicity correlated with poor sporulation in the transformants (i.e., 35 times lower than that in the untransformed host). However, the transformed 4Q2-72 strain expressing both the chitinase and the cry11Aa1 toxin genes (p16-1968CHI) were only 4-fold less toxic (LC(50) = 5.6 x 10(3) +/- 1.99 x 10(3)) than the untransformed 4Q2-72 hosts even though their spore count was 300 times lower. Since coapplication of crude chitinase from the cloned gene in recombinant strain (c4Q2-72 harboring p16-19CHI) with cell suspensions of B. thuringiensis serovar israelensis 4Q2-72 and its transformants could enhance 3- to 50-fold larvicidal activity, improvement in sporulation ability of these genetically engineered strains and cocrystallization of chitinase with crystal toxins may increase their potential for future insect control.
Cardioprotection against Ischemia/Reperfusion by Licochalcone B in Isolated Rat Hearts

The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a major cause of heart injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion. The left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP) and the maximum up/down rate of left ventricular pressure (±dp/dt max⁡) were documented by a physiological recorder. Myocardial infarct size was estimated macroscopically using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. Coronary effluent was analyzed for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK) release to assess the degree of cardiac injury. The levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were analyzed to determine the inflammation status of the myocardial tissue. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis analysis was performed using the In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, POD. Accordingly, licochalcone B pretreatment improved the heart rate (HR), increased LVDP, and decreased CK and LDH levels in coronary flow. SOD level and GSH/GSSG ratio increased, whereas the levels of MDA, TNF-α, and CRP and activities of IL-8 and IL-6 decreased in licochalcone B-treated groups. The infarct size and cell apoptosis in hearts from licochalcone B-treated group were lower than those in hearts from the I/R control group. Therefore, the cardioprotective effects of licochalcone B may be attributed to its antioxidant, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory activities.
Self-discrepancy and affective distress after stroke

AIMS: To investigate self-discrepancies in stroke survivors and explore associations between discrepancies and distress, drawing on Higgins’s (1987) Self-Discrepancy Theory. More specifically, investigate if stroke survivors reported a change in their sense of self following stroke, if this change was related to their reported anxiety and depression, and if this relationship was mediated by their perceived self-esteem. Also, to explore if discrepancies between survivors’ post-stroke self and their ideal and ought self, respectively, were associated with depression and anxiety, respectively. METHOD: A retrospective cross-sectional design was employed. The participants were 67 first-time community-living stroke survivors, with a mean age of 61.6 years and a mean time since stroke of 5.6 years. The measures included the Head Injury Semantic Differential for assessing pre-stroke (retrospectively), post-stroke, ideal and ought selves; the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale; the Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (adapted); and the Barthel Index. RESULTS: Stroke survivors perceived themselves significantly more negatively than prior to their stroke. The discrepancy between pre and post-stroke selves was positively associated with affective distress and negatively associated with self-esteem and quality of life, respectively. The discrepancy between post-stroke self and ideal self, and the discrepancy between post-stroke self and ought self were also positively associated with affective distress. However, these relationships were undifferentiated, as the former was not only related to depression but also to anxiety, and the latter was not only related to anxiety but also to depression. Survivors’ perceived self-esteem was a mediator in the relationship between the pre and post-stroke selves discrepancy and affective distress. CONCLUSIONS: This was the first study to show a perceived change in identity in a large sample of stroke survivors, and it contributed to our understanding of how psychological factors may be involved in emotional adjustment after stroke. This highlighted the importance of considering such changes in informing neurorehabilitation; the clinical implications were discussed. It was also the first study to provide support, albeit partial for Higgins’ (1987) self-discrepancy theory in a stroke population. The strengths and limitations of the study were considered and ideas for future research were proposed.