Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DIMENSIONS OF PARENTING AND IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT IN LATE ADOLESCENCE

Previous research examining the link between parenting and identity have either indirectly assessed a single dimension of parenting or explored the degree of achievement rather than the process of identity development. The present study examines the influence of maternal and paternal parenting behaviors on the identity formation process in late adolescence. Participants (N = 1134), ranging in age from 18 to 25, completed questionnaires to assess their perceptions of parental behaviors and their current identity status. The results indicate an association between maternal acceptance and identity achievement, and moratorium was correlated with lax control and psychological control. Parental acceptance and psychological control were linked with foreclosure, and all three dimensions of parenting were found to be associated with identity diffusion. The findings are discussed from an intervention standpoint as to which specific parental behaviors can protect against the unachieved identity statuses and facilitate the identity formation process. Acknowledgements First and foremost I would like to thank Dr. Cosby Rogers for providing the data for my thesis. I sincerely appreciate all the articles and miscellany that were passed down to me after Dr. Rogers retired, and also the time we spent going over the demographic data in her home office overlooking her beautiful patio. My many, many thanks go out to Dr. Lenore McWey for her never-ending support and assistance, and for lending an ear when I needed to talk. Lenore’s light and fun personality made working through some heavy and dense statistical issues actually quite enjoyable, in a nerd-like way. I would also like to extend my appreciation to Dr. Andy Stremmel for agreeing to serve on my committee, even though he was already chairing eight and serving on several other of my colleagues’ committees. Andy’s support and flexibility have been invaluable. My deepest gratitude is for Dr. Mark Benson who has been my advisor, mentor, instructor, friend, research collaborator, and reason for attending Virginia Tech, to name a few roles Mark has served for me. I have truly learned so much from knowing you all. Last but certainly not least, I would like to thank my fiance Derek for his kind and loving heart, and patience while I stared at my laptop for hours on end or ran around the house like a lunatic when I couldn’t get the words out of my head and into the manuscript. I look forward to the day when I can call Derek my husband, and the day after when we are walking along the beach together in Jamaica finally relaxing and enjoying each other without the worry of both our theses looming overhead.
Induction of Systemic Resistance against Aphids by Endophytic Bacillus velezensis YC7010 via Expressing PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT4 in Arabidopsis

Aphids are the most destructive insect pests. They suck the sap and transmit plant viruses, causing widespread yield loss of many crops. A multifunctional endophytic bacterial strain Bacillus velezensis YC7010 has been found to induce systemic resistance against bacterial and fungal pathogens of rice. However, its activity against insects attack and underlying cellular and molecular defense mechanisms are not elucidated yet. Here, we show that root drenching of Arabidopsis seedlings with B. velezensis YC7010 can induce systemic resistance against green peach aphid (GPA), Myzus persicae. Treatment of bacterial suspension of B. velezensis YC7010 at 2 × 107 CFU/ml to Arabidopsis rhizosphere induced higher accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, cell death, and callose deposition in leaves compared to untreated plants at 6 days after infestation of GPA. Salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, ethylene, and abscisic acid were not required to confer defense against GPA in Arabidopsis plants treated by B. velezensis YC7010. Bacterial treatment with B. velezensis YC7010 significantly reduced settling, feeding and reproduction of GPA on Arabidopsis leaves via strongly expressing senescence-promoting gene PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT4 (PAD4) while suppressing BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE1 (BIK1). These results indicate that B. velezensis YC7010-induced systemic resistance to the GPA is a hypersensitive response mainly dependent on higher expression of PAD4 with suppression of BIK1, resulting in more accumulation of hydrogen peroxide, cell death, and callose deposition in Arabidopsis.
Towards closing the gap between hygroscopic growth and CCN activation for secondary organic aerosols – Part 3 : Influence of the chemical composition on the hygroscopic properties and volatile fractions of aerosols

The influence of varying levels of water mixing ratio, r, during the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from the ozonolysis of α-pinene on the SOA hygroscopicity and volatility was investigated. The reaction proceeded and aerosols were generated in a mixing chamber and the hygroscopic characteristics of the SOA were determined with the Leipzig Aerosol Cloud Interaction Simulator (LACIS) and a Cloud Condensation Nuclei counter (CCNc). In parallel, a High-Resolution Time-of-Flight Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (HR-ToF-AMS) located downstream of a thermodenuder (TD) sampling from the mixing chamber, to collect mass spectra of particles from the volatile and less-volatile fractions of the SOA. Results showed that both hygroscopic growth and the volatile fraction of the SOA increased with increases in r inside the mixing chamber during SOA generation. An effective density of 1.40 g cm−3 was observed for the generated SOA when the reaction proceeded with r>1 g kg−1. Changes in the concentrations of the fragment CO +2 and the sum of CxHyO + z (short name CHO) and C xH+y (short name CH) fragments as measured by the HR-ToF-AMS were used to estimate changes in the oxidation level of the SOA with reaction conditions, using the ratios CO+2 to CH and CHO to CH. Under humid conditions, both ratios increased, corresponding to the presence of more oxygenated functional groups (i.e., multifunctional carboxylic acids). This result is consistent with Correspondence to: L. Poulain (poulain@tropos.de) theα-pinene ozonolysis mechanisms which suggest that water interacts with the stabilized Criegee intermediate. The volatility and the hygroscopicity results show that SOA generation via ozonolysis of α-pinene in the presence of water vapour ( r<16.9 g kg−1) leads to the formation of more highly oxygenated compounds that are more hygroscopic and more volatile than compounds formed under dry conditions.
Electoral Incentives and the Allocation of Public Funds

Politicians allocate public resources in ways that maximize political gains, and potentially at the cost of lower welfare. In this paper, we quantify these welfare costs in the context of Brazil’s federal legislature, which grants its members a budget to fund public projects within their states. Using data from the state of Roraima, we estimate a model of politicians’ allocation decisions and find that 26.8% of the public funds allocated by legislators are distorted relative to a social planner’s allocation. We then use the model to simulate three potential policy reforms to the electoral system: the adoption of approval voting, imposing a one-term limit, and redistricting. We find that a one-term limit and redistricting are both effective at reducing distortions. The one-term limit policy, however, increases corruption, which makes it a welfare-reducing policy.
Development and validation of the Turkish version of the MNREAD visual acuity charts

Materials and methods: A vocabulary was created using high-frequency words that appear in Turkish schoolbooks used by 8-year-old children in the third grade. In total, 125 sentences were generated. Th e sentences were read by 2 groups (20 adults and 20 primary school students), and reading time and verbal mistakes were recorded. Th ereaft er, persistent verbal mistakes and sentences with extreme high and low mean reading speeds were excluded. Finally, the validity of the participants’ reading speed as measured with the MNREAD Turkish version was determined by comparing it to their reading speed for daily reading tasks.
Toward a Theory of Stakeholder Salience in Family Firms1

ABSTRACT: The notion of stakeholder salience based on attributes (e.g., power, legitimacy, urgency) is applied in the family business setting. We argue that where principal institutions intersect (i.e., family and business); managerial perceptions of stakeholder salience will be different and more complex than where institutions are based on a single dominant logic. We propose that (1) whereas utilitarian power is more likely in the general business case, normative power is more typical in family business stakeholder salience; (2) whereas in a general business context legitimacy is socially constructed; for family stakeholders, legitimacy is based on heredity; and (3) whereas temporality and criticality are somewhat independent in general-business urgency, they are linked in the family business case because of family ties and family-centered non-economic goals. We apply this theoretical framework to position and integrate the contributions to this special section of Business Ethics Quarterly on “Stakeholder Theory, Ethics, Corporate Social Responsibility, and Family Enterprise. ”
Model-based Systems Engineering with Matlab/Simulink in the Railway Sector

Model-based systems engineering is widely used in the automotive and avionics domain but less in the railway domain. This paper shows that Matlab/Simulink can be used to develop safety-critical cyber-physical systems for railway applications. To this end, an executable model has been implemented which allows for train movement simulation such as automatic emergency braking.
Effects of Social Injustice on Breast Health—Seeking Behaviors of Low-Income Women

Purpose. The study uses qualitative research to gain a better understanding of what occurs after low-income women receive an abnormal breast screening and the factors that influence their decisions and behavior. A heuristic model is presented for understanding this complexity. Design. Qualitative research methods used to elicited social and cultural themes related to breast cancer screening follow-up. Setting. Individual telephone interviews were conducted with 16 women with confirmed breast anomaly. Participants. Low-income women screened through a national breast cancer early detection program. Method. Grounded theory using selective coding was employed to elicit factors that influenced the understanding and follow-up of an abnormal breast screening result. Interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed, and uploaded into NVivo 8, a qualitative management and analysis software package. Results. For women (16, or 72% of case management referrals) below 250% of the poverty level, the impact of social and economic inequities creates a psychosocial context underlined by structural and cultural barriers to treatment that forecasts the mechanism that generates differences in health outcomes. The absence of insurance due to underemployment and unemployment and inadequate public infrastructure intensified emotional stress impacting participants' health decisions. Conclusion. The findings that emerged offer explanations of how consistent patterns of social injustice impact treatment decisions in a high-risk vulnerable population that have implications for health promotion research and systems-level program improvement and development.
Processes of destudentification and studentification in Loughborough

This thesis presents the first empirical findings of processes of destudentification, using the case study of the university town of Loughborough, UK. Within the context of recent profound changes to higher education, studenthood and local housing markets, the study is timely since understandings of the processes of destudentification and population restructuring remain underdeveloped (Sage et al. 2012a: 600). The thesis advances knowledge of student geographies in several ways. First, the thesis establishes a definition of the concept of destudentification, which encapsulates the complexities and diversities of the processes at local neighbourhood scales. Second, the discussion considers the overlaps between studentification and destudentification from a conceptual perspective. It is contended that although studentification (as a concrete outcome) is a necessary prerequisite for destudentification, destudentification is not an inevitable outcome of studentification. It is argued that both are distinct, yet interrelated, processes of urban change. Third, the empirical findings show that processes of destudentification and studentification can unfold in concurrent ways, and within and between different areas of a university town. Fourth, the discussion exposes some of the leading causes of destudentification and studentification, emphasising the complex interrelationships between the balance of supply and demand of student accommodation, and the ways that higher education institutions, accommodation providers and the student population mediate and influence the dynamic production and consumption of student housing. It is concluded that an understanding of the complex and diverse relationships between geographies of destudentification and studentification is essential for progressing knowledge of processes of urban change in university towns and cities.
System Level Analysis of Uplink Grant-Free Transmission for URLLC

In the context of 5'th Generation (5G) New Radio (NR), new transmission procedures are currently studied for supporting the challenging requirements of Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communication (URLLC) use cases. In particular, grant free (GF) transmissions have the potential of reducing the latency with respect to traditional grant-based (GB) approaches as adopted in Long Term Evolution (LTE) radio standard. However, in case a shared channel is assigned to multiple users for GF transmissions, the occurrence of collisions may jeopardize the GF potential. In this paper, we perform a system analysis in a large urban macro network of several transmission procedures for uplink GF transmission presented in recent literature. Specifically, we study K-Repetitions and Proactive schemes along with the conventional HARQ scheme referred to as Reactive. We evaluated their performance against the baseline GB transmission as a function of the load using extensive and detailed system level simulations. Our findings show that GF procedures are capable of providing significant lower latency than GB at the reliability level of 1-e-5, even at considerable network loads. In particular, the GF Reactive scheme is shown to achieve the latency target while supporting at least 400 packets per second per cell.
Optimization of the lowest eigenvalue for leaky star graphs

We consider the problem of geometric optimization for the lowest eigenvalue of the two-dimensional Schr\"odinger operator with an attractive $\delta$-interaction of a fixed strength, the support of which is a star graph with finitely many edges of an equal length $L \in (0,\infty]$. Under the constraint of fixed number of the edges and fixed length of them, we prove that the lowest eigenvalue is maximized by the fully symmetric star graph. The proof relies on the Birman-Schwinger principle, properties of the Macdonald function, and on a geometric inequality for polygons circumscribed into the unit circle.
An IoT-based E-parking system for smart cities

The increasing number of vehicles on the road along with the mismanagement of available parking space leads to the parking related problems as well as increased traffic congestion in urban areas. Thus it is highly required to develop an automated smart parking management system that would help the driver to find out some suitable parking space for his/her vehicle very quickly. Although ample amount of research works on the development of smart parking system exist in literature, but most of them have not addressed the problem of real-time detection of improper parking and automatic collection of parking charges. In this paper, a prototype of internet-of-thing based E-parking system is proposed. The proposed E-parking system uses an integrated component called parking meter to address the above-mentioned issues as well as to provide smart parking management throughout the city.
Sugar-Sweetened Beverage but Not Diet Soda Consumption Is Positively Associated with Progression of Insulin Resistance and Prediabetes.

BACKGROUND Previous studies have shown an inconsistent relation between habitual beverage consumption and insulin resistance and prediabetes. OBJECTIVE The objective of the present study was to test the hypothesis that the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), rather than diet soda, is associated with long-term progression of insulin resistance and the development of prediabetes. METHODS We analyzed the prospective association between cumulative mean consumption of SSBs or diet soda and incident prediabetes (n = 1685) identified across a median of 14 y of follow-up in participants [mean ± SD age: 51.9 ± 9.2 y; 59.6% women; mean ± SD body mass index (BMI; kg/m2): 26.3 ± 4.4] of the Framingham Offspring cohort. The prospective association between beverage consumption and change in homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR; n = 2076) over ∼7 y was also analyzed. The cumulative mean consumption of SSBs and diet soda was estimated by using food-frequency questionnaires. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards models and linear regression models were implemented to estimate the HRs of incident prediabetes and change in HOMA-IR, respectively. RESULTS After adjustment for multiple potential confounders, including baseline BMI, we observed that SSB intake was positively associated with incident prediabetes (P-trend < 0.001); the highest SSB consumers (>3 servings/wk; median: 6 servings/wk) had a 46% higher risk of developing prediabetes than did the SSB nonconsumers (HR: 1.46; 95% CI: 1.16, 1.83). Higher SSB intake was also associated with a greater increase in HOMA-IR (P-trend = 0.006). No prospective associations were observed between diet soda intake and risk of prediabetes (P-trend = 0.24) or changes in HOMA-IR (P-trend = 0.25). These associations were similar after additional adjustment for change in BMI. CONCLUSION Regular SSB intake, but not diet soda intake, is associated with a greater increase in insulin resistance and a higher risk of developing prediabetes in a group of middle-aged adults.
Probabilistic classifiers with low rank indefinite kernels

Indefinite similarity measures can be frequently found in bio-informatics by means of alignment scores, but are also common in other fields like shape measures in image retrieval. Lacking an underlying vector space, the data are given as pairwise similarities only. The few algorithms available for such data do not scale to larger datasets. Focusing on probabilistic batch classifiers, the Indefinite Kernel Fisher Discriminant (iKFD) and the Probabilistic Classification Vector Machine (PCVM) are both effective algorithms for this type of data but, with cubic complexity. Here we propose an extension of iKFD and PCVM such that linear runtime and memory complexity is achieved for low rank indefinite kernels. Employing the Nystr\"om approximation for indefinite kernels, we also propose a new almost parameter free approach to identify the landmarks, restricted to a supervised learning problem. Evaluations at several larger similarity data from various domains show that the proposed methods provides similar generalization capabilities while being easier to parametrize and substantially faster for large scale data.
A 1 k-Pixel Video Camera for 0.7–1.1 Terahertz Imaging Applications in 65-nm CMOS

A 1 k-pixel camera chip for active terahertz video recording at room-temperature has been fully integrated in a 65-nm CMOS bulk process technology. The 32 × 32 pixel array consists of 1024 differential on-chip ring antennas coupled to NMOS direct detectors operated well-beyond their cutoff frequency based on the principle of distributed resistive self-mixing. It includes row and column select and integrate-and-dump circuitry capable of capturing terahertz videos up to 500 fps. The camera chip has been packaged together with a 41.7-dBi silicon lens (measured at 856 GHz) in a 5 × 5 × 3 cm3 camera module. It is designed for continuous-wave illumination (no lock-in technique required). In this video-mode the camera operates up to 500 fps. At 856 GHz it achieves a responsivity Rv of about 115 kV/W (incl. a 5-dB VGA gain) and a total noise equivalent power (NEPtotal) of about 12 nW integrated over its 500-kHz video bandwidth. At a 5-kHz chopping frequency (non-video mode) a single pixel can provide a maximum responsivity Rv of 140 kV/W (incl. a 5-dB VGA gain) and a minimum noise equivalent power ( NEP) of 100 pW/√Hz at 856 GHz. The wide-band antenna and pixel design achieves a 3-dB bandwidth of at least 790-960 GHz.
Urinary Metabolite Risk Biomarkers of Lung Cancer: A Prospective Cohort Study

Background: Lung cancer is a major health burden causing 160,000 and 1.6 million deaths annually in the United States and worldwide, respectively. Methods: While seeking to identify stable and reproducible biomarkers in noninvasively collected biofluids, we assessed whether previously identified metabolite urinary lung cancer biomarkers, creatine riboside (CR), N-acetylneuraminic acid (NANA), cortisol sulfate, and indeterminate metabolite 561+, were elevated in the urines of subjects prior to lung cancer diagnosis in a well-characterized prospective Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS). Urine was examined from 178 patients and 351 nondiseased controls, confirming that one of four metabolites was associated with lung cancer risk in the overall case–control set, whereas two metabolites were associated with lung cancer risk in European-Americans. Results: OR of lung cancer associated with elevated CR levels, and adjusted for smoking and other potential confounders, was 2.0 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2–3.4; P= 0.01]. In European-Americans, both CR and NANA were significantly associated with lung cancer risk (OR = 5.3; 95% CI, 1.6–17.6; P= 0.006 and OR=3.5; 95% CI, 1.5–8.4; P= 0.004, respectively). However, race itself did not significantly modify the associations. ROC analysis showed that adding CR and NANA to a model containing previously established lung cancer risk factors led to a significantly improved classifier (P= 0.01). Increasing urinary levels of CR and NANA displayed a positive association with increasing tumor size, strengthening a previously established link to altered tumor metabolism. Conclusion and Impact: These replicated results provide evidence that identified urinary metabolite biomarkers have a potential utility as noninvasive, clinical screening tools for early diagnosis of lung cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 25(6); 978–86. ©2016 AACR.