Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A survey and taxonomy of infrastructure as a service and web hosting cloud providers

With an increasing number of providers claiming to offer Cloud infrastructures, there is a lack in the community for a common terminology, accompanied by a clear definition and classification of Cloud features. We conduct in this paper a survey on a selection of Cloud providers, and propose a taxonomy of eight important Cloud computing elements covering service type, resource deployment, hardware, runtime tuning, business model, middleware, and performance. We conclude that the provisioning of Service Level Agreements as utilities, of open and interoperable middleware solutions, as well as of sustained performance metrics for high-performance computing applications are three elements with the highest need of further community research.
Coping Among Advocates with and without Lived Experience of Sexual Assault

3 Introduction . 5 Outcomes Associated with Trauma Care . 7 Burnout . 7 Secondary Traumatic Stress/Compassion Fatigue . 8 Vicarious Trauma . 8 Alternative Frameworks for Understanding Outcomes of Trauma Care . 13 Vicarious Posttraumatic Growth. 13 Compassion Satisfaction . 15 Emotional Responses . 16 Coping . 17 Coping Functions . 19 Self-Care . 28 Organizational Context . 32 Theoretical Framework . 36 Rationale . 38 Research Questions . 43 COPING AMONG ADVOCATES v Method . 43 Participants . 43 Materials . 44 Procedures . 45 Data Analysis . 47 Trustworthiness. 52 Results . 54 Overview . 55 Individual Coping Strategies . 60 Organizational Support . 74 Barriers and Limitations to Coping . 79 Discussion. 84 Implications . 89 Limitations . 92 Directions for Future Research . 93 Conclusion . 94 References . 95 Appendix A: Interview Protocol . 105 Appendix B: Paper Survey . 108 Appendix C: Online Screening Survey . 109 COPING AMONG ADVOCATES 1
Instructional strategies and students’ performance in accounting: an evaluation of those strategies and the role of gender

ABSTRACT This paper investigates the effects of two instructional strategies on accounting students’ performance and the gender differences within the strategies. In an experiment, undergraduate students at an Australian university were randomly assigned to either the self-managed or split-attention condition. Participants were required to self-manage graphical and textual presentations in introductory accounting as an alternative to learning by studying instructor-managed materials. Students in the self-managed group were guided on how to integrate spatially separated text and diagrammatic information by moving text as close as possible to associated parts of a diagram. Results indicated significant differences between the two presentation formats. In addition, significant interactions between gender and presentation format were found. Follow-up analysis showed that females benefited by using self-management techniques than males. The gender differences have implications for instructional design, both in the manner in which the text and graphs are structured and in the way information is presented.
Identifying the Effects of Monetary Policy Shocks in an Open Economy

This paper presents estimates of the effects of monetary policy shocks on the Swedish economy. A theoretical model of an open economy is used to identify a structural VAR model. The empirical results from the identified VAR model are compared with two less structural approaches for identification of monetary policy shocks. The first assumes that shocks can be measured as deviations from a forward looking interest rate rule, estimated using Sveriges Riksbank's (Swedish central bank) own forecasts. The second approach focuses on the effects of "narrative" monetary policy shocks as given by devaluations of the Swedish currency. We find that plausible theoretical restrictions often result in price puzzles. Although conventional results obtain with certain theoretical restrictions imposed on the VAR, another way to achieve this is by using external information about large policy shocks. Thus, we find that the effects of some devaluations are consistent with the conventional wisdom about the effects of monetary policy shock.
Model-Based Tracking at 300Hz Using Raw Time-of-Flight Observations

Consumer depth cameras have dramatically improved our ability to track rigid, articulated, and deformable 3D objects in real-time. However, depth cameras have a limited temporal resolution (frame-rate) that restricts the accuracy and robustness of tracking, especially for fast or unpredictable motion. In this paper, we show how to perform model-based object tracking which allows to reconstruct the object's depth at an order of magnitude higher frame-rate through simple modifications to an off-the-shelf depth camera. We focus on phase-based time-of-flight (ToF) sensing, which reconstructs each low frame-rate depth image from a set of short exposure 'raw' infrared captures. These raw captures are taken in quick succession near the beginning of each depth frame, and differ in the modulation of their active illumination. We make two contributions. First, we detail how to perform model-based tracking against these raw captures. Second, we show that by reprogramming the camera to space the raw captures uniformly in time, we obtain a 10x higher frame-rate, and thereby improve the ability to track fast-moving objects.
State of the Art, Unresolved Issues, and Future Research Directions in the Fight against Hepatitis C Virus: Perspectives for Screening, Diagnostics of Resistances, and Immunization

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) still represents a major public health threat, with a dramatic burden from both epidemiological and clinical points of view. New generation of direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) has been recently introduced in clinical practice promising to cure HCV and to overcome the issues related to the interferon-based therapies. However, the emergence of drug resistance and the suboptimal activity of DAAs therapies against diverse HCV genotypes have been observed, determining treatment failure and hampering an effective control of HCV spread worldwide. Moreover, these treatments remain poorly accessible, particularly in low-income countries. Finally, effective screening strategy is crucial to early identifying and treating all HCV chronically infected patients. For all these reasons, even though new drugs may contribute to impacting HCV spread worldwide a preventive HCV vaccine remains a cornerstone in the road to significantly reduce the HCV spread globally, with the ultimate goal of its eradication. Advances in molecular vaccinology, together with a strong financial, political, and societal support, will enable reaching this fundamental success in the coming years. In this comprehensive review, the state of the art about these major topics in the fight against HCV and the future of research in these fields are discussed.
Are Observed Capital Structures Determined by Equity Market Timing?

Abstract Contrary to Baker and Wurgler (2002), I find that the importance of historical average market-to-book ratios in leverage regressions is not due to past equity market timing. Although equity transactions may be timed to equity market conditions, they do not have significant long lasting effects on capital structure. Debt transactions exhibit timing patterns that are unlikely to induce a negative relation between market-to-book ratios and leverage. I also find that historical average market-to-book ratios have significant effects on current financing and investment decisions, implying that they contain information about growth opportunities not captured by current market-to-book ratios.
Analytical Evaluation of VCO-ADC Quantization Noise Spectrum Using Pulse Frequency Modulation

Oversampled ADCs based on voltage-controlled oscillators have been analyzed using statistical models inherited from sigma-delta modulation. This letter shows that the discrete Fourier transform of a VCO-ADC output sequence can be calculated analytically for single tone inputs. The calculation is based on the transformation of the VCO output into a pulse frequency modulated signal that can be represented by a trigonometric series. Knowledge of the VCO-ADC output spectrum allows accurate evaluation of the SNDR dependence with the VCO oscillation frequency and gain constant. The SNDR predictions of the proposed model have been compared to behavioral simulations displaying only a deviation of 0.7 dB.
Nutritional Comparison of Frozen and Non-Frozen Fruits and Vegetables:

Achievement of the recommendations made by The Food Processing Center Consultants may be dependent on the occurrence of future events that cannot be assured; thus, changes in future environmental conditions and/or changes in the company's structure may affect the outcome of the Consultants' recommendations. While The Food Processing Center believes the information and recommendations are reasonable, no assurance can be given that the projected results will be realized. The information, advice and opinions provided by a University of Nebraska employee represent the best judgment of the employee at that time, but should not be considered legal advice on any local, state, federal or international regulation or statute. We encourage you to contact the applicable regulatory agency and/or qualified attorney to confirm the information presented in this correspondence. ABSTRACT 1 INTRODUCTION 2
A cellular receiver front-end with blocker sensing

A receiver front-end supporting contiguous and non-contiguous intra-band carrier aggregation scenarios with a fully integrated spectrum sensor that can detect both in-gap and out-of-band blockers has been implemented in 65nm CMOS technology. An NF of 2.5dB is achieved using a noise canceling LNTA, and linearized OTAs are used to achieve an IIP3 improvement of up to 6.5dB in-band and 11dB at the filter band edge. The spectrum sensor can detect blocker levels in 22 steps of 9MHz between -100MHz and 100MHz IF. The system consumes between 36.6mA and 57.6mA from a 1.2V supply.
Field quantization in inhomogeneous absorptive dielectrics

The quantization of the electromagnetic field in a three-dimensional inhomogeneous dielectric medium with losses is carried out in the framework of a damped-polariton model with an arbitrary spatial dependence of its parameters. The equations of motion for the canonical variables are solved explicitly by means of Laplace transformations for both positive and negative time. The dielectric susceptibility and the quantum noise-current density are identified in terms of the dynamical variables and parameters of the model. The operators that diagonalize the Hamiltonian are found as linear combinations of the canonical variables, with coefficients depending on the electric susceptibility and the dielectric Green function. The complete time dependence of the electromagnetic field and of the dielectric polarization is determined. Our results provide a microscopic justification of the phenomenological quantization scheme for the electromagnetic field in inhomogeneous dielectrics.
Electrophysiological Responses to Argument Structure Violations in Healthy Adults and Individuals with Nonfluent Aphasia

Agrammatic individuals show impaired production of verbs with complex argument structure. Whether these participants show argument structure deficits during comprehension, however, is unclear. The present study investigated this issue by examining electrophysiological responses to argument structure violations in agrammatic individuals and healthy adults. Results showed that unlike control participants, who evinced a negative effect followed by a positive shift (N400-P600) in response to argument structure violations, individuals with agrammatic aphasia showed a P600 response only. This suggests impaired real time processing of the thematic requirements of verbs.
Quantitative Evaluation of Mutation Operators for WS-BPEL Compositions

This work presents a quantitative evaluation of the quality of a set of mutation operators for WS-BPEL 2.0 (Web Services Business Process Execution Language), an OASIS standardized language for the composition of Web Services. A series of experiments is conducted, aiming to determine how selective operators are for the qualification of test cases and, more generally, the quality of the operators themselves. This includes a formalization of mutation testing defining the key concepts and measures employed. Three different compositions are considered and special attention is paid to the properties that suitable test-suites should enjoy.
Energy Consumption of Personal Computing Including Portable Communication Devices

In light of the increased awareness of global energy consumption, questions are being asked about the energy contribution of computing equipment. Although studies have documented the share of energy consumption by this type of equipment over the years, research has rarely characterized the increasing share contributed by the rapidly growing segment of portable, pervasive computing devices. Portable computing is widely predicted to be a dominant mode of computing and communication in the future, and accounting for its energy consumption is necessary to develop efficient practices. This work takes a fresh and updated look at energy consumption as the result of computing devices with regard to global consumption, and pays special attention to the contribution of portable computing devices. We further quantify the impact of energy consumed by the computing sector on the environment, and the cost of electricity for an average residential consumer. Finally, based on the results of this study, we provide recommendations for the computer networking community for sustainable portable/mobile computing.
Doubling and do -support in verbal fronting: Towards a typology of repair operations

Most known languages seem to follow the intuitive and economical implication that if they show a repair such as verb doubling or do-support when just the verb is fronted, they also show that same repair when the verb is fronted together with its internal argument(s) (provided that the language has both types of fronting). In this paper, I present data from Asante Twi, where the verb is doubled in the former case but there is do-support in the latter instead. I argue that the attested patterns can be accounted for under the Copy Theory of Movement by introducing different orders of the operations Chain Reduction (CR) and head movement (HM) at PF (analogous to what Schoorlemmer 2012 proposed for Chain Reduction and Local Dislocation). CR either bleeds HM giving rise to consistent do-support (as in German) or counterbleeds it leading to consistent verb doubling (as in Hebrew). The Asante Twi pattern is a result of the interaction of the bleeding order with Ā-head movement, where the bleeding effect of the order is neutralised by the inability of Ā-head movement to form chains, which is rooted in the Chain Uniformity Condition (Chomsky 1995). The account provides a unified minimalist analysis of verb doubling and do-support in verbal fronting, which derives all attested patterns but correctly precludes the derivation of the unattested reverse Asante Twi pattern.
Biased Forecasts or Biased Earnings? The Role of Reported Earnings in Explaining Apparent Bias and Over/Underreaction in Analysts' Earnings Forecasts

The extensive literature that investigates whether analysts’ earnings forecasts are biased and/or inefficient has produced conflicting evidence and no definitive answers to either question. This paper shows how two relatively small but statistically influential asymmetries in the tail and the middle of distributions of analysts’ forecast errors can exaggerate or obscure evidence consistent with analyst bias and inefficiency, leading to inconsistent inferences. We identify an empirical link between firms’ recognition of unexpected accruals and the presence of the two asymmetries in distributions of forecast errors that suggests that firm reporting choices play an important role in determining analysts’ forecast errors. r 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Recurrence risk for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis within sibships.

OBJECTIVE To quantify the frequency of siblings of patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA) having psoriasis and/or inflammatory arthritis. To describe the similarity or otherwise of patterns of arthritis in siblings. METHODS Available and consenting index cases with PsA and one or more siblings living locally were assessed. Mean sibling concordance rates and Weinberg's segregation analysis were calculated. Heritability was also estimated. To assess whether the same type of arthritis occurred within the same sibship, the dually affected sibships were then classified for type of arthritis according to methods suggested by Moll, Helliwell, Veale and McGonagle. RESULTS Eighty index cases and 112 siblings were assessed. The median age of index cases was 49 yr (range 24-80 yr) and for siblings 46 yr (range 18-79 yr). The concordance rate for all types of PsA was 14% (9% if enthesitis is excluded) and for psoriasis 21%. There was no difference in the two methods used to calculate concordance rates. Sixteen dually affected sib pairs were found. Four of the 16 sibships (25%) had the same pattern of joint involvement (Moll and Wright classification). The most frequent pattern seen was joint involvement identical to rheumatoid arthritis (3/5). The most common symptom in affected siblings was enthesitis (approximately 5%). When the dually affected sibships were analysed using the other classifications, the simpler the classification the greater the concordance for joint pattern. CONCLUSION The concordance for psoriasis is greater than for PsA, but the concordance rate for PsA was similar to that in HLA identical siblings with rheumatoid arthritis. There was discordance in pattern of arthritis for most sib pairs. There is no support for the use of more complex classifications of PsA.
The EPHA2 gene is associated with cataracts linked to chromosome 1p

Purpose Cataracts are a clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorder affecting the ocular lens, and the leading cause of treatable vision loss and blindness worldwide. Here we identify a novel gene linked with a rare autosomal dominant form of childhood cataracts segregating in a four generation pedigree, and further show that this gene is likely associated with much more common forms of age-related cataracts in a case-control cohort. Methods Genomic DNA was prepared from blood leukocytes, and genotyping was performed by means of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, and short tandem repeat (STR) markers. Linkage analyses were performed with the GeneHunter and MLINK programs, and association analyses were performed with the Haploview and Exemplar programs. Mutation detection was achieved by PCR amplification of exons and di-deoxy cycle-sequencing. Results Genome-wide linkage analysis with SNP markers, identified a likely disease-haplotype interval on chromosome 1p (rs707455-[~10 Mb]-rs477558). Linkage to chromosome 1p was confirmed using STR markers D1S2672 (LOD score [Z]=3.56, recombination distance [θ]=0), and D1S2697 (Z=2.92, θ=0). Mutation profiling of positional-candidate genes detected a heterozygous transversion (c.2842G>T) in exon 17 of the gene coding for Eph-receptor type-A2 (EPHA2) that cosegregated with the disease. This missense change was predicted to result in the non-conservative substitution of a tryptophan residue for a phylogenetically conserved glycine residue at codon 948 (p.G948W), within a conserved cytoplasmic domain of the receptor. Candidate gene association analysis further identified SNPs in the EPHA2 region of chromosome 1p that were suggestively associated with age-related cataracts (p=0.007 for cortical cataracts, and p=0.01 for cortical and/or nuclear cataracts). Conclusions These data provide the first evidence that EPHA2, which functions in the Eph-ephrin bidirectional signaling pathway of mammalian cells, plays a vital role in maintaining lens transparency.
Introduction: Second-Generation Security Sector Reform

ABSTRACT Security sector reform (SSR) has become a commonly used tool for international approaches to insecure countries. Despite its frequent deployment as a key element of statebuilding, SSR suffers from both a lack of a conceptual hinterland and also lack of strong evidence of success. This special collection of papers explores these ideas, starting from an assumption that there are serious issues with SSR in practice. SSR, alongside many other facets of international aid programming, has suffered from an excess of technocentric and managerial approaches, with politics relegated to the sidelines. These articles outline what this means in practice and what a second generation of SSR could look like: an approach based on process and politics rather than linear managerialism.
General responses to questions regarding acute pressure stimulation of sciatic nerve for pain relief.

Dear Editor, We recently presented a new analgesic method for immediate relief of clinical pain. This technique involves acute pressure stimulation on the sciatic nerves [1,2]. The technique has attracted increased attention following the reporting of two studies during the American Academy of Pain Medicine's 24th annual meeting [3,4]. The present letter responds to important questions posed by scientists, doctors, and other readers. Hopefully, this letter will assist in better understanding of the method. Some scientists and doctors have interpreted the new technique as merely another approach for delivering previously described analgesic methods such as acupressure and massage. Although the new technique was initially developed while practicing the traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy of acupressure, the differences between the two techniques are substantial. Acupressure is derived from acupuncture and targets specific points on the body. According to the TCM theory, stimulating acupuncture points affects the meridian system to achieve rebalancing of yin and yang, or …
The “New Racism” of K–12 Schools: Centering Critical Research on Racism

While organizing efforts by movements such as Black Lives Matter and responses to the hate-filled policies and rhetoric of President Donald Trump are heightening public discourse of racism, much less attention is paid to mechanisms of racial oppression in the field of education. Instead, conceptualizations that allude to racial difference but are disconnected from structural analyses continue to prevail in K–12 education research. In this chapter, our goal is to challenge racism-neutral and racism-evasive approaches to studying racial disparities by centering current research that makes visible the normalized facets of racism in K–12 schools. After narrowing over 4,000 articles that study racial inequity in education research, we reviewed a total of 186 U.S.-focused research studies in a K–12 school context that examine racism. As we categorized the literature, we built on a theory of the “new racism”—a more covert and hidden racism than that of the past—and grouped the articles into two main sections: (1) research that brings to light racism’s permanence and significance in the lives of students of Color through manifestations of what we conceptualize as (a) evaded racism, (b) “antiracist” racism, and (c) everyday racism and (2) research focused on confronting racism through racial literacy and the resistance of communities of Color. In our conclusion, we articulate suggestions for future directions in education research that include a more direct acknowledgement of racism as we attend to the experiences and needs of K–12 students of Color.