Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Yokukansan in Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia: A Randomized, Multicenter, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial

Objectives. We aimed at evaluating both the efficacy and safety of TJ-54 (Yokukansan) in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. This randomized, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled study was conducted. Methods. One hundred and twenty antipsychotic-treated inpatients were included. Patients were randomized to adjuvant treatment with TJ-54 or placebo. During a 4-week follow-up, psychopathology was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Results. TJ-54 showed a tendency of being superior to placebo in reduction total, positive, and general PANSS scores in treatment-resistant schizophrenia, but the difference was not statistically significant in both per-protocol set (PPS) and intention-to-treat (ITT). However, in PPS analysis, compared to the placebo group, the TJ-54 group showed statistically significant improvements in the individual PANSS subscale scores for lack of spontaneity and flow of conversation (TJ-54: −0.23 ± 0.08; placebo: −0.03 ± 0.08, P < 0.018), tension (TJ-54: −0.42 ± 0.09; placebo: −0.18 ± 0.09, P < 0.045), and poor impulse control (TJ-54: −0.39 ± 0.10; placebo: −0.07 ± 0.10, P < 0.037). Conclusions. The results of the present study indicate that TJ-54 showed a tendency of being superior to placebo in reduction PANSS scores in treatment-resistant schizophrenia, but the difference was not statistically significant. However, compared to the placebo group, TJ-54 group showed statistically significant improvements in the individual PANSS subscale scores.
Increasing compliance by legitimizing paltry contributions: When even a penny helps.

Two experiments were conducted in a door-to-door charity drive context to examine the effectiveness of a technique for solving the dilemma of small requests. The dilemma of small requests is that while they serve to make a target person's compliance highly likely, they also tend to produce low-level payoffs for the requester. A procedure was developed to avoid the dilemma by legitimizing rather than requesting the delivery of a minimal favor. Thus, it was predicted that a solicitor who implied that a very small favor was acceptable but not necessarily desirable would make it difficult for a target to decline to help and, at the same time, make it unlikely that the target would actually offer a low grade of assistance. In confirmation of this prediction, a door-todoor solicitor for charity was able to increase significantly the frequency of donations while leaving unaffected the size of the donations by adding the sentence, "Even a penny will help," to a standard request for funds. Experiment 2 replicated this result and provided evidence for the legitimization-ofsmall-favors explanation of the effect. A growing number of studies have focused on the question of which factors affect a person's willingness to comply with a request. Researchers have investigated the influence of such variables as mood states, both positive (e.g., Isen & Levin, 1972) and negative
Bimodal atomic force microscopy imaging of isolated antibodies in air and liquids

We have developed a dynamic atomic force microscopy (AFM) method based on the simultaneous excitation of the first two flexural modes of the cantilever. The instrument, called a bimodal atomic force microscope, allows us to resolve the structural components of antibodies in both monomer and pentameric forms. The instrument operates in both high and low quality factor environments, i.e., air and liquids. We show that under the same experimental conditions, bimodal AFM is more sensitive to compositional changes than amplitude modulation AFM. By using theoretical and numerical methods, we study the material contrast sensitivity as well as the forces applied on the sample during bimodal AFM operation.
On the Evolution of a Multiregional System ∗

We study the effects of a decrease in trade costs on the spatial distribution of industry in a multi-regional economy, when a rise in the regional population of workers generates higher urban costs. We show that high and low trade costs imply that all regions involve a positive share of the industrial sector. When urban costs are linear, there exists a stable equilibrium for almost all values of trade costs. Furthermore, as trade costs fall, there is a path of stable equilibria such that the industry is, first, agglomerated into a decreasing number of regions and, then, dispersed among a growing number of regions. The second phase arises because of the increasing urban costs associated with the process of agglomeration.
LONG RUN PERFORMANCE OF IPO ’ S : Case of EURO

This paper empirically analyses the IPO activity on Euro.NM markets: why firms reward first-day investors with considerable underpricing, and how IPOs perform in the long run. We also examine whether the choice of a performance measurement methodology directly determines both the size and power of statistical t est, as documented in previous studies Mitchell and Stafford (2000); Loughran and Ritter ( 2000); and Brav, Geczy and Gompers (2000). We use a sample with a 277 IPOs realised be tween 1997 and 1999 in the Euro.NM. We use all long term performance measures and we ob s rve the existence of long term abnormal returns for our sample. While, the fads or investor’ overreactions and divergence of opinions hypotheses do not apply in explaining t he aftermarket performance of our IPOs sample.
String and brane models with spontaneously or dynamically induced tension

We study in some detail the properties of a previously proposed new class of string and brane models whose world-sheet (world-volume) actions are built with a modified reparametrization-invariant measure of integration and which do not contain any ad hoc dimensionfull parameters. The ratio of the new and the standard Riemannian integration measure densities plays the role of a dynamically generated string/brane tension. The latter is identified as (the magnitude of) an effective (non-Abelian) electric field-strength on the world-sheet/world-volume obeying the standard Gauss-law constraint. As a result a simple classical mechanism for confinement via strings is proposed.
How much rate splitting is required for a random coding scheme?: A new achievable rate region for the Broadcast Channel with Cognitive Relays

In this paper, it is shown that for any given single-hop communication network with two receivers, splitting messages into more than two sub-messages in a random coding scheme is redundant. To this end, the Broadcast Channel with Cognitive Relays (BCCR) is considered. A novel achievability scheme is designed for this network. Our achievability design is derived by a systematic combination of the best known achievability schemes for the basic building blocks included in the network: the Han-Kobayashi scheme for the two-user interference channel and the Marton's coding scheme for the broadcast channel. Meanwhile, in our scheme each private message is split into only two submessages which is identically exploited also in the Han-Kobayashi scheme. It is shown that the resultant achievable rate region includes previous results as well. More importantly, the procedure of the achievability design is described by graphical illustrations based on directed graphs. Then, it is argued that by extending the proposed scheme on the MACCM plan of messages, one can derive similar achievability schemes for any other single-hop communication network.
Rechargeable Energy Storage Systems for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles—Assessment of Electrical Characteristics

In this paper, the performances of various lithium-ion chemistries for use in plug-in hybrid electric vehicles have been investigated and compared to several other rechargeable energy storage systems technologies such as lead-acid, nickel-metal hydride and electrical-double layer capacitors. The analysis has shown the beneficial properties of lithium-ion in the terms of energy density, power density and rate capabilities. Particularly, the nickel manganese cobalt oxide cathode stands out with the high energy density up to 160 Wh/kg, compared to 70–110, 90 and 71 Wh/kg for lithium iron phosphate cathode, lithium nickel cobalt aluminum cathode and, lithium titanate oxide anode battery cells, respectively. These values are considerably higher than the lead-acid (23–28 Wh/kg) and nickel-metal hydride (44–53 Wh/kg) battery technologies. The dynamic discharge performance test shows that the energy efficiency of the lithium-ion batteries is significantly higher than the lead-acid and nickel-metal hydride technologies. The efficiency varies between 86% and 98%, with the best values obtained by pouch battery cells, ahead of cylindrical and prismatic battery design concepts. Also the power capacity of lithium-ion technology is superior compared to other technologies. The power density is in the range of 300–2400 W/kg against 200–400 and 90–120 W/kg for lead-acid and nickel-metal hydride, respectively. However, considering the influence of energy efficiency, the power density is in the range of 100–1150 W/kg. Lithium-ion batteries optimized for high energy are at the lower end of this range and are challenged to meet the United States Advanced Battery Consortium, SuperLIB and Massachusetts Institute of Technology goals. Their association with electric-double layer capacitors, which have low energy density (4–6 Wh/kg) but outstanding power capabilities, could be very interesting. The study of the rate capability of the lithium-ion batteries has allowed for a new state of charge estimation, encompassing all essential performance parameters. The rate capabilities tests are reflected by Peukert constants, which are significantly lower for lithium-ion batteries than for nickel-metal hydride and lead-acid. Furthermore, rate capabilities during charging have been investigated. Lithium-ion batteries are able to store about 80% of the capacity at current rate 2I t , with high power cells accepting over 90%. At higher charging rates of 5I t or more, the internal resistance impedes charge acceptance by high energy cells. The lithium titanate anode, due to its high surface area (100 m 2 /g compared to 3 m 2 /g for the graphite based anode) performs much better in this respect. The behavior of lithium-ion batteries has been investigated at different conditions. The analysis has leaded us to a new lithium ion battery model. This model will be compared to existing battery models in future research contributions.
Expanding Current Knowledge on the Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity of the Genus Lactarius

Despite the presence of toxic compounds in inedible mushrooms, the question whether the chemical nutrients and non-nutrients compositions in edible and inedible Lactarius species are similar remains unanswered. To answer this question, Lactarius citriolens Pouzar and Lactarius turpis (Weinm.) Fr. , two inedible species, were studied in order to obtain information about their chemical composition and bioactivity. Free sugars, fatty acids, tocopherols, organic and phenolic acids were analysed by chromatographic techniques coupled to different detectors. L. citriolens and L. turpis methanolic extracts were tested regarding antioxidant potential (reducing power, radical scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation inhibition). The composition of macronutrients varied among the two species, but the profiles were similar between them and among other Lactarius species; L. citriolens gave the highest energy contribution, saturated fatty acids and organic acids, while the L. turpis sample was richer in free sugars, mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids, tocopherols and phenolic compounds. L. turpis methanolic extract showed the highest antioxidant activity. The absence of hepatoxicity of the methanolic extracts was confirmed in porcine liver primary cells (in vitro conditions). The present study provided new information about wild L. citriolens and L. turpis, comparing their chemical composition and antioxidant properties with other Lactarius species, and expanding the knowledge about this genus.
How much do plant guarantees reduce perceived risk?

Abstract Consumers do perceive risk in purchase decisions and seek to reduce both uncertainty and probability of loss. Risk also varies across persons and purchasing situations. Retailers promote product guarantees as risk reducers, but the quantitative evidence is lacking. They offer guarantees to help resolve outcomes from post-purchase problems mainly, product performance. We used an online survey to investigate the role of risk mitigation by money-back guarantees (MBGs) on a live product: plants. We obtained online responses from 504 US residents ≥ age 18 years who had made at least one live plant purchase in the six months prior to the study. As MBG length increased, perceived risk (PR) decreased. PR was higher for men than for women and declined as income increased. Subjects with a higher level of product involvement, expertise, delight, repurchase intentions, and regret had a higher level of PR. We conducted separate Chow tests for annual and perennial plants by price and MBG length and found several break points. As price increased from $5 to $10, a 30-d MBG reduced PR for annual plants while the reduction in PR was incrementally decreased for all guarantee lengths when annuals were priced over $20. With perennial plants, the MBG had an increasingly larger effect on reducing PR for each $10 increase in price. Overall, for each day increase in MBG length, we observed a 0.0337 decrease in PR, which meant that a 90-d MBG on a plant would reduce PR by 3%. This quantitative evidence of reduction in PR should encourage the use and communication of MBGs which have the potential to improve purchases, customer retention, and profitability.
The Challenges of Implementing A Formative and Innovative Praxeology in Artistic Education

Abstract In efforts to design the implementation process of innovative artistic praxeology we emerged from the assumption that TDA (teacher’s didactic action) and PAA (pupil artistic action) become fundamental values of the integration of theory and praxeology in perspective of an effective education, provided that they be widely used both horizontally and vertically, according to the pentagonal model consisting of principles: proactivity, artistic intro-opening, creation/creativity, of success, re-conceptualizing and instrumented in modern theoretical and methodological perspectives. Modern education, especially the artistic one, has a stringent need of an innovative praxeology, which, unlike the receptive praxeology, does not take over the rough theoretical and methodological approaches, but obliges the practitioner to gather from the available sources only the ideas of perceived essences, so that later to come before pupils with new actional options. Such a praxeology becomes more than just a practical act, because it puts the teacher in the role of interim manager function between theory and practice.
Reporting on domestic violence in the Irish media: an exploratory study of journalists’ perceptions and practices

Media representations of domestic violence continue to be problematic. Few studies engage with journalists to understand how and why problematic representations are produced and endure. This research addresses that gap by exploring the challenges to journalists of reporting domestic violence. The key findings are that sources, conventions, and institutional constraints all constitute challenges to accurate reporting. Journalists note that police sources tend to avoid defining domestic violence as such. Consequently, problematic sources such as bystanders and community commentators are used. In addition, a number of long-held conventions prevail, including a default construction of reporting only the ‘facts of the situation’; avoiding using the term domestic violence; and referring to incidents as singular, exceptional, and unexpected, with no connection made to other similar stories or broader aspects of gendered violence. Editors also place greater scrutiny on journalists working on domestic violence stories because of potential legal repercussions regarding defamation and adherence to court reporting’s strict guidelines. Finally, relationships with domestic violence advocates are important for journalists in accessing expertise to help frame better understandings of the complexities of the issue. Until these structural and cultural problems in reporting are changed, much of the current misframing of domestic violence will endure.
Spillovers in Local Banking Markets

How are neighboring firms affected when a bank learns more about a given firm? We analyze exchange-rate-induced movements of Peruvian firms across a threshold that governs their regulatory treatment by banks. Firms that cross the threshold supply more information to their banks and experience a substantial increase in financing. We find positive spillover effects: the neighbors of the above-threshold firms also experience increased financing. These spillovers are confined to neighbors sharing a bank, and the performance of new loans to these neighbors improves, suggesting that the bank has become better informed about other local firms.
Can Cognitive Bias Modification Simultaneously Target Two Behaviors? Approach Bias Retraining for Alcohol and Condom Use

This study tested the effectiveness of a cognitive bias modification (CBM) intervention to simultaneously reduce approach biases toward alcohol and increase approach biases toward condoms among high-risk young adults. Participants (N = 102) were randomly assigned to either a training condition or a sham-training condition. Participants in the training condition were trained to make avoidance movements away from alcohol stimuli and approach movements toward condom stimuli over four training sessions. Approach biases and behavior were assessed at pretest, posttest, and 3-month follow-up. Approach biases changed for both stimulus categories in accordance with training condition. Condom behavior and attitudes also changed as a function of training condition such that participants in the training condition reported fewer instances of condom nonuse and more positive attitudes toward condoms at a 3-month follow-up. Participants in both conditions had significant reductions in alcohol consumption following the intervention and did not differ by training condition.
Non-Nilpotent Graph of a Group

We associate a graph 𝒩 G with a group G (called the non-nilpotent graph of G) as follows: take G as the vertex set and two vertices are adjacent if they generate a non-nilpotent subgroup. In this article, we study the graph theoretical properties of 𝒩 G and its induced subgraph on G \ nil(G), where nil(G) = {x ∈ G | ⟨ x, y ⟩ is nilpotent for all y ∈ G}. For any finite group G, we prove that 𝒩 G has either |Z*(G)| or |Z*(G)| +1 connected components, where Z*(G) is the hypercenter of G. We give a new characterization for finite nilpotent groups in terms of the non-nilpotent graph. In fact, we prove that a finite group G is nilpotent if and only if the set of vertex degrees of 𝒩 G has at most two elements.
Empirical Labour Supply Models: Lone Mothers in the UK

Taxation has become an integral part of the empirical specification of labour supply models. The opportunity set available to workers is made significantly non-linear by the workings of the tax (and benefit) system and this, in turn, complicates an individual's optimal choice of labour supply. In such a framework the relationship between hours of work, gross wages and other income is necessarily non-linear. Moreover, the marginal wage and virtual income at any chosen hours of work are an implicit function of the hours choice itself. To guarantee a unique solution to this choice problem consumer theory places integrability conditions on the form of wage and income derivatives of labour supply. Similarly, once the problem is made stochastic and econometric methods are utilised to recover unknown parameters, a coherency condition is required to define a well behaved econometric model (see Heckman (I 978) and Gourieroux et al. (I980)). In the labour supply and taxation framework these two conditions are quite naturally closely related. They do, however, have implications for labour supply specification and the reliability of tax reform simulations based on empirical labour supply models. For the case of the linear labour supply model, MaCurdy et al. (I990) document the potential for misleading results that may occur once a linear model is utilised in a framework with non-linear taxation. Such a specification all but guarantees a global forward sloping labour supply function which is not a requirement of economic theory and is empirically often too restrictive. In this paper we focus on two issues. The first relates to the specification of a flexible model allowing backward bending labour supply. The second issue relates to the statistical coherency of such a model in the presence of non-linear taxation. The empirical application in this paper concerns the labour supply behaviour of lone mothers in the UK. This group face a highly non-linear budget constraint. The analysis of their labour supply responses is crucial for the design of effective policy reforms. We use a labour supply specification suggested by
MRI of patients with cardiac pacemakers: a review of the medical literature.

OBJECTIVE Numerous studies testing the use of pacemakers with MRI have been published. Our aim was to analyze these trials to determine the safety of MRI for patients with cardiac pacemakers. We performed a systematic search of peer-reviewed databases. A total of 31 articles were reviewed. CONCLUSION The data are heterogeneous with regard to MRI being considered for patients with pacemakers, and the benefits of the imaging should outweigh the risks.
Systemic Autoimmune, Rheumatic Diseases and Coinciding Psoriasis: Data from a Large Single-Centre Registry and Review of the Literature

Psoriasis is a systemic immune-inflammatory disease characterized by chronic or recurrent skin symptoms, psoriatic arthritis, enthesopathy, and uveitis. Psoriasis has recently been published to appear with various autoimmune disorders, but the coexistence has been systematically reviewed by only few studies until now. In the present study, charts and electronic database of 4344 patients with various systemic autoimmune disorders, under regular medical control at our department, were reviewed retrospectively searching for association with psoriasis. Hereby, we demonstrate 25 psoriatic patients coinciding with various systemic autoimmune diseases. The coexistence of psoriasis and autoimmune diseases resulted in the worsening of the clinical outcome of the autoimmune diseases as indicated by higher frequency and dosages of glucocorticoid use, need for biologicals, and other comorbidities. These results suggest common environmental and genetic background as well as therapeutic possibilities in the future.
Fuzzy reasoning Clinical Decision Support for manual titration of Positive Airway Pressure Support and Oxygen supply in patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Support (CPAP) devices are commonly used in Home Care for treating patients with sleep breathing disorders. This paper presents a Clinical Decision Support (CDS) model for adult patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea, advising manual titration of positive pressure support and Oxygen supply. The CDS collects data from wireless devices, namely Arterial Oxygen Saturation (SaO2) and upper airway flow & pressure, and utilizes a Fuzzy logic (FL) algorithm for producing advice on the level of pressure support and oxygen supply according to patient's needs. CDS suggestion on pressure supply closely followed clinical guidelines (mean rmse 3.16 cm H2O).