Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Capillary electrophoresis in the evaluation of ischemic injury: Simultaneous determination of purine compounds and glutathione

An understanding of tissue energy metabolism and antioxidant status is of major interest in the field of organ preservation for transplantation. Nucleotide and glutathione are indicators of cell damage occurring during ischemia and reperfusion. A high performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) method with UV detection (185 nm) for the simultaneous analysis of intracellular free ribonucleotides, nucleosides, bases and glutathione (oxidized and reduced form) in myocardial tissues is described. The method does not involve thiol derivatization. The separations were carried out in an uncoated fused‐silica capillary, 60 cm long, 52.5 cm to detector, 75 μm ID, with 20 mM Na‐borate buffer, pH 10.00, at 20 kV voltage and reading at 185 nm. Injection was hydrostatic for 12 s and total analysis time was 20 min. The technique enables optimum separation of all the compounds examined and has a resolution similar to that of HPLC analysis, with the advantage of fast simultaneous measurement of cell nucleotide metabolism and redox state, not possible with HPLC.
The Changing Nature of Political Debate Consumption: Social Media, Multitasking, and Knowledge Acquisition

This study examines the influence of debate viewing-social media multitasking on campaign knowledge during the 2012 presidential election. Results from three waves of a national cross-sectional survey of U.S. adults conducted during and after the 2012 presidential election suggest that social networking site (SNS) use overall correlates with increased knowledge of campaign issues and facts above and beyond the use of other sources of news media. In addition, watching a debate with or without simultaneous social media engagement is better for knowledge generation than not viewing a debate at all, but the effect of debate viewing is dulled when simultaneously engaging in social media multitasking. The debate viewing-social media multitasking effect is moderated by candidate preference, with differential learning occurring largely for knowledge that is favorable to one’s preferred candidate.
Association of plasma aldosterone with the metabolic syndrome in two German populations.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to analyze the potential association of the plasma aldosterone concentration (PAC) with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in two German population-based studies. METHODS We selected 2830 and 2901 participants (31-80 years) from the follow-ups of the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP)-1 and the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) F4 respectively. MetS was defined as the presence of at least three out of the following five criteria: waist circumference ≥94 cm (men (m)) and ≥80 cm (women (w)); high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol <1.0 mmol/l (m) and <1.3 mmol/l (w); blood pressure ≥130/85 mmHg or antihypertensive treatment; non-fasting glucose (SHIP-1) ≥8 mmol/l, fasting glucose (KORA F4) ≥5.55 mmol/l or antidiabetic treatment; non-fasting triglycerides (SHIP-1) ≥2.3 mmol/l, fasting triglycerides (KORA F4) ≥1.7 mmol/l, or lipid-lowering treatment. We calculated logistic regression models by comparing the highest study- and sex-specific PAC quintiles versus all lower quintiles. RESULTS MetS was common with 48.1% (m) and 34.8% (w) in SHIP-1 and 42.7% (m) and 27.5% (w) in KORA F4. Our logistic regression models revealed associations of PAC with MetS, elevated triglycerides, and decreased HDL cholesterol in SHIP-1 and KORA F4. CONCLUSIONS Our findings add to the increasing evidence supporting a relation between aldosterone and MetS and suggest that aldosterone may be involved in the pathophysiology of MetS and lipid metabolism disorders.
APPLICATION OF LIGHTNING IN PREDICTING HIGH IMPACT WEATHER

Recent research has indicated a strong correlation between total lighting data (both in-cloud and cloud-to-ground) and severe weather such as hail and high wind storms. The lightning activities preceding severe storms have certain characteristics in lightning flashes, such as high in-cloud (IC) flash rates in the storm formation stage. The greater volume of strong updrafts during a severe thunderstorm results in more charging overall, leading to greater numbers of ICs and positive cloud-to-ground (CG) flash rates. The detection of total lightning data, especially IC lightning, enables improvements in the lead time of severe weather prediction and alerting. Earth Networks Total Lightning Network (ENTLN) provides the capability of detecting total lightning data efficiently on a continental scale which has enabled development derivatives such as: A realtime lightning cell tracking program to identify and track the properties, speed and direction of storm cells with associated lightning flash rate and proprietary advanced alerts. Applications of these lightning derivatives are used in numerous countries outside of the US and are of particular value in areas where radar and weather infrastructures are lacking or are in need of improvement. As high impact weather events increase on a global scale, the need for real-time information and alerting is critical. This presentation will provide an overview of the technologies and present case studies to show the relationships between the lightning activities and the severe weather.
Körper- und Geschlechtserleben bei Personen mit kompletter Androgeninsensitivität1

Übersicht: Körper und Geschlecht werden nur selten getrennt voneinander betrachtet. Aus einem weiblichen Körper soll ein Geschlechtserleben als Frau resultieren, aus einem männlichen Körper ein Erleben als Mann. Dass in der Natur neben eindeutig weiblichen oder männlichen Körpern eine Vielzahl von andersartigen körperlichen (somatosexuellen) Entwicklungen, die als Intersexualität oder Störung der Geschlechtsentwicklung (engl.: Disorder of Sex Development, DSD) bezeichnet werden, vorkommen, wird hierbei außer Acht gelassen. Es herrscht auch kein Konsens darüber, welches Geschlechtserleben bei einem nicht eindeutig weiblichen oder männlichen Körper zu erwarten wäre. Ziel dieses Beitrages ist es, das Körperund Geschlechtserleben von Personen mit komplettem Androgeninsensitivitätssyndrom (CAIS), einer Form von Intersexualität bei 46,XY Karyotyp und weiblichem Phänotyp, näher zu betrachten. Neben einem Überblick über den aktuellen Forschungsstand werden Ergebnisse der Hamburger Studie zur Intersexualität zu 13 Personen mit CAIS dargestellt. Hinsichtlich des Körperund Geschlechtserlebens wird berichtet, in welchen Bereichen sich die Studienteilnehmenden von anderen Frauen unterscheiden. Diskutiert wird, welche Faktoren für eine Unzufriedenheit mit dem Körper ausschlaggebend sein könnten. In zukünftigen Studien sollte untersucht werden, ob ein Leben in einer anderen als der weiblichen Geschlechtsrolle bei bestimmten Individuen mit CAIS zu einer höheren Zufriedenheit führen würde.
Role of Bone Marrow–Derived CC-Chemokine Receptor 5 in the Development of Atherosclerosis of Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Knockout Mice

Objective—CC chemokine receptor CCR5 is expressed by atheroma-associated cells and could mediate leukocyte attraction into developing lesions. We examined the role of bone marrow-derived CCR5 in the development of atherosclerotic lesions after 8, 12, or 35 weeks of high-fat diet. Methods and Results—Low-density lipoprotein-receptor (LDLr)-deficient mice were lethally irradiated and transplanted with CCR5+/+ or CCR5−/− bone marrow. After 8 weeks of fat diet, CCR5 deficiency in leukocytes led to 30% decrease of macrophage accumulation within the fatty streak (P<0.05), with no change in lesion size. After 12 weeks of fat diet, CCR5 deficiency also resulted in 30% decrease of plaque-macrophage accumulation (P<0.005), associated with 16% reduction in lesion size in the aortic sinus (P=0.13), despite a significant increase in total cholesterol levels (P=0.03). Lesions with CCR5 deficiency showed 52% reduction in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression (P=0.02) and 2-fold increase in collagen accumulation (P<0.0001). These changes were associated with a significant increase of interleukin (IL)-10 mRNA expression in spleens of CCR5−/− mice compared with CCR5+/+ controls. In addition, we found enhanced IL-10 production by CCR5-deficient peritoneal macrophages and decreased tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-&agr; production by CCR5−/− T cells in comparison with CCR5+/+ controls. CCR5−/− and CCR5+/+ reconstituted animals showed no differences in plaque size or composition after 35 weeks of high-fat diet despite the persistent absence of CCR5 in plaques of mice reconstituted with CCR5−/− bone marrow. Conclusion—Bone marrow-derived CCR5 favors the development of an inflammatory and collagen-poor plaque phenotype in association with decreased macrophage-derived IL-10 and enhanced T cell-derived TNF-&agr;. These effects are not sustained in the very advanced stages of atherosclerosis.
Subcarrier and Power Allocation with Multiple Power Constraints in OFDMA Systems

This letter addresses the problem of subcarrier and power allocation over an OFDMA system with multiple power constraints. Each power constraint is related to sharing a power resource by a subset of users. Here, a framework based on time-sharing method is proposed that allows for approaching the optimum solution via using a low complexity iterative algorithm. The provided solution sets an upper bound on the performance of any resource allocation without time-sharing. The time-sharing based solution will be further utilized to derive suboptimum but efficient subcarrier and power allocation algorithms. Simulation results show negligible performance degradation in using suboptimum solutions. This framework generalizes downlink and uplink scenarios and also has applicability in multihop relay-enhanced cellular networks.
Driving assessment and rehabilitation using a driving simulator in individuals with traumatic brain injury: A scoping review.

BACKGROUND Due to the heterogeneity of the lesion following a traumatic brain injury (TBI) and the complexity of the driving task, driving assessment and rehabilitation in TBI individuals is challenging. Conventional driving assessment (on-road and in-clinic evaluations) has failed demonstrating effectiveness to assess fitness to drive in TBI individuals. OBJECTIVE We aimed to determine if driving simulators represent an interesting opportunity in assessing and rehabilitating driving skills in TBI individuals. METHODS We searched PubMed, CINAHL and Cochrane library databases between 27-02-2014 and 08-04-2014 for articles published since 2000 with the contents of simulator driving assessment and rehabilitation. RESULTS Out of 488, eight articles with the subject of simulator driving assessment and two with the subject of simulator driving rehabilitation in individuals with TBI were reviewed. CONCLUSIONS Driving simulators represent a promising avenue for the assessment and rehabilitation of driving skills in TBI individuals as it allows control of stimuli in a safe, challenging and ecologically valid environment and offer the opportunity to measure and record driving performance. Additional studies, however, are needed to document strengths and limitations of this method.
Intrusion threat detection from insider attack using learning behavior-based

In recent years, intrusion prevention system (IPS) had been developed as a new approach system to defend networking systems, which properly combines the firewall technique with the intrusion detection. When an attack is identified, intrusion prevention immediately blocks and logs the offending data. The primary IPS uses signature to identify activities in network traffic and the host will perform detection on inbound – outbound packets and would block that activity before the damage happens or the access is reached to the network resources. Signature is the primary factor in intrusion prevention, to identify something and then stopping it must be through the distinct characteristics. In this paper, we propose Behavior-based prevention to trigger mechanism and analyze correlation outbound traffic from inside user. We describe the habitual activity from outbound traffic, which is normal activity, suspicious threat or malicious threat uses traffic assessment. This paper also describes an algorithm for the complexity of the suspicious response. Key words: Behavior-based detection, hybrid intrusion prevention, identify habitual.
Fröhlich Condensate: Emergence of Synergetic Dissipative Structures in Information Processing Biological and Condensed Matter Systems

We consider the case of a peculiar complex behavior in open boson systems sufficiently away from equilibrium, having relevance in the functioning of information-processing biological and condensed matter systems. This is the so-called Frohlich–Bose–Einstein condensation, a self-organizing-synergetic dissipative structure, a phenomenon apparently working in biological processes and present in several cases of systems of boson-like quasi-particles in condensed inorganic matter. Emphasis is centered on the quantum-mechanical-statistical irreversible thermodynamics of these open systems, and the informational characteristics of the phenomena.
Increased risk for vascular complications in PRV‐1 positive patients with essential thrombocythaemia

Summary. Essential thrombocythaemia (ET) is a heterogeneous disorder with respect to plasma erythropoietin concentration at diagnosis and clonality of haematopoiesis. Polycythaemia rubra vera‐1 (PRV‐1) positivity, i.e. PRV‐1 mRNA overexpression, is known to be present in the vast majority of patients with polycythaemia vera and also in some patients with ET. In the present study, PRV‐1 expression was quantified by real‐time polymerase chain reaction in 70 ET patients; 17 of them (24%) were found to be PRV‐1 positive. Ten of the 17 PRV‐1 positive ET patients had experienced thromboembolic complications compared with 14 of 53 PRV‐1 negative patients, the difference between the two groups being statistically significant (P = 0·02). In addition, the frequency of total vascular complications, thromboembolic events and major bleedings, was significantly higher in the group of PRV‐1 positive as compared with PRV‐1 negative ET patients (P = 0·03). The time from diagnosis of ET to the requirement of platelet‐lowering therapy was significantly shorter in PRV‐1 positive compared with PRV‐1 negative ET patients (P = 0·014). It can be concluded that PRV‐1 positive patients appear to suffer from a more aggressive disorder with increased risk for vascular complications and a greater need for platelet‐lowering therapy, compared with PRV‐1 negative ET patients.
In vitro profiling of toxicity and endocrine disrupting effects of bisphenol analogues by employing MCF‐7 cells and two‐hybrid yeast bioassay

The potentially adverse health implications of bisphenol A (BPA) have led to increasing use of alternative bisphenols (BPs). However, little is known about the toxicity of alternative BPs. In this study, the cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, intracellular ROS formation, and Ca2+ fluctuation effects of BPs on MCF‐7 cells were evaluated. At the same time, the estrogenic and thyroidal hormone effect potentials of six BPs were also evaluated using two‐hybrid yeast bioassay. The results showed that most BPs at 0.01–1 μM significantly increased cell viability in MCF‐7 cells and at higher exposure concentrations of 25–100 μM, they caused a significant decrease of cell viability. At the same time, these BPs also at 25–100 μM significantly increased LDH release of MCF‐7 cells. In addition, several BPs at 10–50 μM resulted in a significantly concentration‐depended increase in DNA‐damaging effect on MCF‐7 cells and elevated ROS production. Most BPs at 0.0001–10 μM significantly increased intracellular Ca2+ level. These results showed that bisphenol AF (BPAF) and thiodiphenol (TDP) exerted cell biological effect, estrogenic, and thyroidal effect potentials greater than those of BPA. The cytotoxicity and endocrine disrupting effects of other BPs are similar to or slightly lower than those of BPA. Therefore, as potential alternatives to BPA, endocrine disrupting effects and potential health harm of alternative BPs to human can also not be ignored. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 278–289, 2017.
Using High-Resolution Data to Test Parameter Sensitivity of the Distributed Hydrological Model HydroGeoSphere

Parameterization of physically based and distributed hydrological models for mesoscale catchments remains challenging because the commonly available data base is insufficient for calibration. In this paper, we parameterize a mesoscale catchment for the distributed model HydroGeoSphere by transferring evapotranspiration parameters calibrated at a highly-equipped headwater catchment in addition to literature data. Based on this parameterization, the sensitivity of the mesoscale catchment to spatial variability in land use, potential evapotranspiration and precipitation and of the headwater catchment to mesoscale soil and land use data was conducted. Simulations of the mesoscale catchment with transferred parameters reproduced daily discharge dynamics and monthly evapotranspiration of grassland, deciduous and coniferous vegetation in a satisfactory manner. Precipitation was the most sensitive input data with respect to total runoff and peak flow rates, while simulated evapotranspiration components and patterns were most sensitive to spatially distributed land use parameterization. At the headwater catchment, coarse soil data resulted in a change in runoff generating processes based on the interplay between higher wetness prior to a rainfall event, enhanced groundwater level rise and accordingly, lower transpiration rates. Our results indicate that the direct transfer of parameters is a promising method to benefit highly equipped simulations of the headwater catchments.
On the Etiology of Internal Wars

The term "internal war" denotes any resort to violence within a political order to change its constitution, rulers, or policies. ' It is not a new concept; distinctions between external and internal war (guerre exterieure and guerre interieure) were made already in the nineteenth century by writers on political violence.2 Nor does it mean quite the same thing as certain more commonly used terms, such as revolution, civil war, revolt, rebellion, uprising, guerrilla warfare, mutiny, jacquerie, coup d'etat, terrorism, or insurrection. It stands for the genus of which the others are species. Using the generic concept alongside, or even in place of, the more specific terms is justifiable on several grounds. Most obviously, all cases of internal war do have common features, however much they differ in detail. All involve the use of violence to achieve purposes which can also be achieved without violence. All indicate a breakdown of some dimension in legitimate political order as well as the existence of collective frustration and aggression in a population. All presuppose certain capabilities for violence by those who make the internal war and a certain incapacity for preventing violence among
Effects of different packages on food product contagion: The moderating roles of mood states and product‐related information

Across two experiments conducted for this research, it is evident that different moderators do play a role in the influence of food product contagion effects. This research focuses on how mood states or product-related information moderate contagion prime and package type. Existing studies indicate that unsealed packages can enhance the extent of the contagion effects more than sealed packages. Study 1 showed that happy people experienced stronger positive contagion effects than sad or neutral ones and that they also demonstrated stronger effects on unsealed packages compared with sealed packages. Conversely, sad people significantly enhanced the extent of negative contagion effects and experienced stronger effects on unsealed packages. Study 2, however, revealed that people receiving positive product-related information experienced stronger positive contagion effects on unsealed packages, whereas people receiving negative product-related information showed stronger negative contagion effects on unsealed packages. This is the first study to discuss the chosen moderators on the contagion effect. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
‘This is not gambling but gaming’: Methods of promoting a lottery gaming company in a Malaysian daily

Because of its gambling nature, lottery gaming has been associated with bankruptcy, the destruction of families, crime and gambling addiction. Despite these stigmas, a Malaysian lottery company has managed to brand itself, especially its gambling activities, in a positive way. Using Fairclough’s framework of analysis, the methods used to present this lottery company and its activities in a positive light are deconstructed by examining its contents in an influential daily newspaper. The false positive associations of the lottery company revealed in the analysis suggest that the lottery company is likely using the newspaper as a subliminal messaging media to promote its activities, thus indicating a possible compromise in journalistic and editorial integrity.
The Proline/Arginine Dipeptide from Hexanucleotide Repeat Expanded C9ORF72 Inhibits the Proteasome

Abstract An intronic hexanucleotide repeat expansion (HRE) mutation in the C9ORF72 gene is the most common cause of familial ALS and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and is found in ∼7% of individuals with apparently sporadic disease. Several different diamino acid peptides can be generated from the HRE by noncanonical translation (repeat-associated non-ATG translation, or RAN translation), and some of these peptides can be toxic. Here, we studied the effects of two arginine containing RAN translation products [proline/arginine repeated 20 times (PR20) and glycine/arginine repeated 20 times (GR20)] in primary rat spinal cord neuron cultures grown on an astrocyte feeder layer. We find that PR20 kills motor neurons with an LD50 of 2 µM, but in contrast to the effects of other ALS-causing mutant proteins (i.e., SOD or TDP43), PR20 does not evoke the biochemical signature of mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress, or mTORC down-regulation. PR20 does result in a time-dependent build-up of ubiquitylated substrates, and this is associated with a reduction of flux through both autophagic and proteasomal degradation pathways. GR20, however, does not have these effects. The effects of PR20 on the proteasome are likely to be direct because (1) PR20 physically associates with proteasomes in biochemical assays, and (2) PR20 inhibits the degradation of a ubiquitylated test substrate when presented to purified proteasomes. Application of a proteasomal activator (IU1) blocks the toxic effects of PR20 on motor neuron survival. This work suggests that proteasomal activators have therapeutic potential in individuals with C9ORF72 HRE.
How Frequently Firms Export? Evidence from France

This paper proposes studying export frequency as an additional margin of international trade. While extensive margins of products and destination define the scope of firm’s export, export shipment frequency is determined by sale method choice and cost structure of the trade technology. We define export shipment frequency as the per annum number of shipments of a given product, by a firm to a given destination. In order to more deeply understand the trade cost structure and sale methods, we estimate gravity models on export frequency and other margins of trade using monthly firm-product-destination level export data from France. We show that in key predictions of the model are validated. During the recent trade collapse, we also find a great deal of stability in shipment frequency with a modest adjustment to declining GDP.