Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Gaining Control Over Traumatic Experiences: The Role of Guilt in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

ABSTRACT The present study explores the relationship between guilt, sense of control, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Seventy-eight participants who had experienced a traumatic event completed the following self-report measures online: the Posttraumatic Stress Diagnostic Scale, the Guilt Cognitions subscale of the Trauma-Related Guilt Inventory, the Posttraumatic Cognitions Inventory, and Sense of Control During the Trauma. Results revealed that “behavioral self-blame” that refers to functioning during the trauma, positively correlated with posttraumatic stress symptoms. However, when Sense of Control During the Trauma was introduced into the analysis, this correlation appeared only for participants who had experienced lack of control during the traumatic event. Among the participants who had experienced a sense of control, no such link was found. Results suggest that guilt may be produced to avoid feelings of helplessness following the trauma, because guilt conveys a sense of control.
Forged in FIRE: cusps, cores and baryons in low-mass dwarf galaxies

We present multiple ultrahigh resolution cosmological hydrodynamic simulations of M_★ ≃ 10^(4–6.3) M_⊙ dwarf galaxies that form within two M_(vir) = 10^(9.5–10) M_⊙ dark matter halo initial conditions. Our simulations rely on the Feedback in Realistic Environments (FIRE) implementation of star formation feedback and were run with high enough force and mass resolution to directly resolve structure on the ∼200 pc scales. The resultant galaxies sit on the M_★ versus M_(vir) relation required to match the Local Group stellar mass function via abundance matching. They have bursty star formation histories and also form with half-light radii and metallicities that broadly match those observed for local dwarfs at the same stellar mass. We demonstrate that it is possible to create a large (∼1 kpc) constant-density dark matter core in a cosmological simulation of an M_★ ≃ 10^(6.3) M_⊙ dwarf galaxy within a typical M_(vir) = 10^(10) M_⊙ halo – precisely the scale of interest for resolving the ‘too big to fail’ problem. However, these large cores are not ubiquitous and appear to correlate closely with the star formation histories of the dwarfs: dark matter cores are largest in systems that form their stars late (z ≲ 2), after the early epoch of cusp building mergers has ended. Our M_★ ≃ 10^4 M_⊙ dwarf retains a cuspy dark matter halo density profile that matches that of a dark-matter-only run of the same system. Though ancient, most of the stars in our ultrafaint form after reionization; the ultraviolet field acts mainly to suppress fresh gas accretion, not to boil away gas that is already present in the protodwarf.
Regional and inter-regional economic rules and the enforcement of the right to health: The case of Colombia

The regional policy level is often seen as a (potential) source of progressive policy-making in health (and in social policy more widely), complementing or substituting national policy levels, which are perceived as underperforming. While it can certainly be argued that there are important opportunities to adopt regional approaches to tackle border-crossing health issues, this article draws the attention to the fact that the linkage between (inter-)regional and national policy levels is not uni-directional. While in some instances the regional level may indeed take the lead in the promotion of (the right to) health, in other instances it may well be the other way round. This article focuses on the case of Colombia, where international economic rules have deeply permeated public policies in the health sector. On one hand, Colombia has been opening markets through the conclusion of regional integration arrangements (e.g. Andean Community and the Pacific Alliance) and the new generation of Free Trade Agreements. On the other hand, Colombia has been one of the most active emerging countries in promoting the right to health as a justiciable fundamental right, in line with the International Covenant on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights of the United Nations mainly due to the judicial activism of the Colombian Constitutional Court with interesting implications for regional social governance. The article shows that national courts can play an important role in the protection of the right to health in a context of economic integration and the absence of regional balancing policies.
High-resolution imaging of compact high-velocity clouds

We have imaged five compact high-velocity clouds in Hi with arcmin angular resolution and km s 1 spectral reso- lution using the Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope. These CHVCs have a characteristic morphology, consisting of one or more quiescent, low-dispersion compact cores embedded in a diuse warm halo. The compact cores can be unambiguously identified with the cool neutral medium of condensed atomic hydrogen, since their linewidths are significantly narrower than the thermal linewidth of the warm neutral medium. Because of the limited sensitivity to diuse emission inherent to interfer- ometric data, the warm medium is not directly detected in the WSRT observations. Supplementary total-power data, which is fully sensitive to both the cool and warm components of Hi, is available for comparison for all the sources, albeit with angular resolutions that vary from 3 0 to 36 0 . The fractional Hi flux in compact CNM components varies from 4% to 16% in our sample. All objects have at least one local peak in the CNM column density which exceeds about 10 19 cm 2 when observed with arcmin resolution. It is plausible that a peak column density of 1-2 10 19 cm 2 is a prerequisite for the long-term survival of these sources. One object in our sample, CHVC 120 20 443 (Davies' cloud), lies in close projected proximity to the disk of M 31. This object is characterized by exceptionally broad linewidths in its CNM concentrations, more than 5 times greater than the median value found in the 13 CHVCs studied to date at comparable resolution. These CNM concentrations lie in an arc on the edge of the source facing the M 31 disk. The diuse Hi component of this source, seen in total-power data from the NRAO 140-foot telescope, has a positional oset in the direction of the M 31 disk. All of these attributes suggest that CHVC 120 20 443 is in a dierent evolutionary state than most of the other CHVCs which have been studied. Similarly broad CNM linewidths have only been detected in one other cloud, CHVC 110.6 07.0 466 (Wakker & Schwarz 1991) which also lies in the Local Group barycenter direction and has the most extreme radial velocity known. A distinct possibility for Davies' cloud seems to be physical interaction of some type with M 31. The most likely form of this interaction might be the ram-pressure or tidal-stripping by either one of M 31's visible dwarf companions, M 32 or NGC 205, or else by a dark com- panion with an associated Hi condensation. The compact objects located in the direction of the Local Group barycenter have an important role to play in constraining the Local Group hypothesis for the deployment of CHVCs.
Design and implementation of connoisseur annotated metadata based image retrieval system -a case study

In recent years digital cameras have seen a revolution in digital image collection and thousands of quality images can be collected quickly and easily. The connoisseur image annotation is an effective approach for making image organization and browsing simple and quick, even for very large collections. The design and implementation of text base query system is particular concern with the management and retrieval of rapeseed-mustard research images collection. The performance of retrieving an image in terms of text-type of queries depends on the quality of the annotated descriptive metadata that describes the content of the images. We showed that the image retrieval using connoisseur annotation approach significantly lead to the improvement of the recall and precision of image retrieval.
Impact of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Immediate Breast Reconstruction: A Meta-Analysis

Objective The objective of this study was to perform a meta-analysis of published studies for evaluating the impact of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) on immediate breast reconstruction. Methods We searched medical databases to identify appropriate studies that assessed the impact of NAC on immediate breast reconstruction from the inception of this technique through April 2013. We then performed a meta-analysis of these studies. Results Our searches identified 11 studies among 1,840 citations. In the meta-analysis, NAC did not increase the overall rate of complications after immediate breast reconstruction (odds ratio [OR] = 0.59; 95% confidence interval[CI] = 0.38–0.91). The complication rate was also unaffected by NAC when we considered infections (OR = 0.82; 95% CI = 0.46–1.45), hematomas (OR = 1.35; 95% CI = 0.57–3.21), and seromas (OR = 0.77; 95% CI = 0.23–2.55). Additionally, expander or implant loss did not significantly increase in patients after NAC (OR = 1.59; 95% CI = 0.91–2.79). Only 2 studies (202 procedures) had reported total autologous flap loss, and they were included in our analysis; both studies found no association between NAC and total flap loss. Conclusion Our analysis suggests that NAC does not increase the complication rate after immediate breast reconstruction. For appropriately selected patients, immediate breast reconstruction following NAC is a safe procedure. The best way to study this issue in the future is to conduct a multicenter prospective study with a longer follow-up period and more clearly defined parameters.
A time-variant and non-linear model of opinion formation in social networks

This paper develops a discrete-time, non-linear and time-variant model of opinion formation in a social network with global interactions to investigate the relationship between the final consensus belief and the set of agents' initial opinions. The model uses a novel and considerably intuitive updating rule, according to which the weight placed by an agent on another one's opinion in each period decreases continuously with the distance between their beliefs in the previous period. In this context, the first part of our analysis provides computational evidence that agents' beliefs converge and reach a consensus over time. For the two-agent case, it is then shown that the consensus belief is the simple arithmetic mean of initial opinions. When there are three agents in the network, the combined use of computational and analytical methods reveals a relatively more complex polynomial relationship between long-run and initial beliefs. In particular, our results for the three agent-case imply that the deviation of the limiting belief from the corresponding average of initial beliefs can be expressed as a third-degree polynomial function incorporating the pairwise differences of agents' starting beliefs.
SECOND LANGUAGE LEARNERS’ ATTITUDES AND STRATEGIES IN LEARNING ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE

T his study focused on comparison of learner’s attitude and strategies in learning En- glish between the high and low achievers. The qualitative descriptive analytic method is implemented in this study. The 10 ninth graders of MTs Darul Ulum Bandungharjo were chosen as the subject of the study and questionnaires are used as the research instru- ment. The study found that the high and low achievement students had positive atti- tudes towards community, people who speak English, and English in general. However, there was differences between high and low achiever’s attitudes towards English. The high-achievement students argued that they prefered English than other subjects. On the other hand, the low-achievement students disagreed with the statement. This condi- tion showed that attitude was personal. Morever, the strategies were differ from the high and low achievement student. The study found that the high-achievement students used cognitive and metacognitive strategies to improve their ability in English. How- ever, the low-achievement students used only some of cognitive strategies in learning English. As a summary, cognitive and metacognitive strategies accompanied by posi- tive attitude and motivation influenced the learners’ achievements of English skills.
Role of the K2 capsule in Escherichia coli urinary tract infection and serum resistance.

BACKGROUND Capsule expression may be important during ascending Escherichia coli urinary tract infections (UTIs). METHODS An isogenic ksl(k2)ABCDE mutant of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strain CFT073 that could not synthesize the K2 capsule was compared with wild-type CFT073, to determine virulence in a murine model of ascending UTI and in vitro killing assays. RESULTS No significant differences were observed regarding the abilities of the mutant and the wild-type CFT073 strains to colonize the murine urinary tract in single-challenge infection experiments. However, in competitive-colonization experiments, the mutant was significantly outcompeted by the wild-type strain in urine and the kidneys. The mutant strain was also more susceptible to human serum. Complementation of the mutant with a plasmid containing the ksl(k2)ABCDE genes restored capsule expression, enhanced survival in the murine urinary tract, and restored serum resistance. CONCLUSION These results indicate that expression of the K2 capsule is important for the pathogenesis of UTI and provides protection against complement-mediated killing. To our knowledge, this is the first study in which the E. coli capsule has been proven to play a role in infection by use of isogenic mutants and genetic complementation.
On Adaptive Finite Element Methods Based on A Posteriori Error Estimates

In this thesis we develop a posteriori error estimation techniques and adaptive algorithms for finite element approximations of second order problems in three different applications. The adaptive algorithms are used for automatic tuning of critical parameters in the finite element method. First we consider the boundary penalty method for weakly imposing Dirichlet boundary conditions. We prove error estiamtes in the L and energy norms and use these to relate the penalty parameter to the mesh parameter. Second we study the Galerkin least-squares method for minimizing pollution when solving the Helmholtz equation. We show how existing methods derived for structured grids needs to be modified to work on unstructured grids. Again the analysis is based on a posteriori error estimates. Finally, we develop a framework for a posteriori error estimation in multiscale problems. We present a method for solving decoupled localized fine scale problems on patches and an a posteriori error estimate that relates the coarse scale mesh size, the fine scale mesh size, and the patch size.
TNF-Alpha in the Locomotor System beyond Joints: High Degree of Involvement in Myositis in a Rabbit Model

The importance of TNF-alpha in arthritis is well documented. It may be that TNF-alpha is also markedly involved in muscle inflammation (myositis). An animal model where this can be investigated is needed. A newly developed rabbit myositis model involving pronounced muscle overuse and local injections of substances having proinflammatory effects was therefore used in the present study. The aim was to investigate the patterns of TNF-alpha expression in the developing myositis and to evaluate the usefulness of this myositis model for further TNF-alpha research. Human rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial tissue was examined as a reference. TNF-alpha immunoexpression and TNF-alpha mRNA, visualized via in situ hybridization, were detected in cells in the inflammatory infiltrates of the affected muscle (soleus muscle). Coexistence of TNF-alpha and CD68 immunoreactions was noted, suggesting that the TNF-alpha reactive cells are macrophages. Expression of TNF-alpha mRNA was also noted in muscle fibers and blood vessel walls in areas with inflammation. These findings demonstrate that TNF-alpha is highly involved in the myositis process. The model can be used in further studies evaluating the importance of TNF-alpha in developing myositis.
Differences in Anthropometric Characteristics and Physical Capacities Between Junior and Adult Top-Level Handball Players

Background: Inallagegroupsof handballplayers,anthropometriccharacteristicsandphysicalcapacitiesareimportantprerequi-sites to fulﬁlling the playing demands. However, there is no study that has compared anthropometric characteristics and physical capacities between junior and adult handball players by the same research design containing ﬁeld tests. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate diﬀerences in anthropometric characteristics and physical capacities between junior and adult top-level handball players using various ﬁeld tests. Relationships among physical capacities were also examined. Methods: Ten male junior (18 ± 1 years) and eleven adult (26 ± 1 years) ﬁeld handball players competing in the U19 Bundesliga and DKB Handball-Bundesliga, respectively, were tested for body height, mass, fat, and fat-free mass as well as 30 m speed and 22 m change of direction (COD), squat jump (SJ) and counter movement jump (CMJ), one repetition maximum (1RM) bench press, core strength-endurance, and interval shuttle run test (ISRT). Magnitude-based inferences, eﬀect sizes(ES), and Pearson correlation coeﬃcients (r) were computed for statistical analyses. Results: Juniorshadaverylikelylowerbodyheight,mass,andfat-freemassandlikelylower1RMbenchpressandISRTperformance (ES:0.7-1.2). Contrary,juniorshadalikelytoverylikelysuperiorspeed,COD,andSJandmostlikelysuperiorcorestrength-endurance performance(ES:0.5-1.6). Whilespeed,COD,andjumpcapacitieswerelargetoverylargecorrelatedinjuniors(r=-0.55-0.86),they were mostly unclear correlated in adults (r = -0.05 - 0.79). Overall explained variance among speed, COD, and jump capacities was likely higher in juniors (51%) than adults (17%) (ES: 1.7). Conclusions: Thisstudyshowsthatdiﬀerencesinanthropometriccharacteristicsandphysicalcapacities,andalsoinrelationships among physical capacities, are evident between junior and adult top-level handball players, indicating diﬀerent physical needs to play handball.
Ultrasonographic Diagnosis of Non-displaced Avulsion Fracture of the Acromion: A Case Report

Avulsion fracture of the acromion is rare. It is difficult to diagnosis because there is little displacement and it occurs even without direct trauma. We experienced a case without direct trauma that was diagnosed with ultrasonography. A 55-year-old male patient visited our outpatient clinic with shoulder pain resulting from a significant stress at the trapezius muscle during lifting of a steel reinforcement. Simple radiography revealed a calcific deposit over the acromion rather than a fracture. Avulsion fracture was identified with ultrasonography. This is the first report demonstrating that ultrasonography has an advantage over radiographs in the diagnosis of an avulsion fracture of the acromion of the scapula.
Exploration of attentional control abilities in children frequenting a Dutch-language immersive school program

• Exposure to two languages has been proposed to positively affect the executive and attentional functioning (Bialystok et al., 2004) • Cognitive advantages were also found for children attending English immersion classes (Nicolay & Poncelet, 2013; 2015) • However, the current literature suggests that the potential benefit of bilingualism on attentional control may not be as consistent as previously thought (Ross & Melinger, 2016)
Solvation of Na+, K+, and Their Dimers in Helium

Helium atoms bind strongly to alkali cations which, when embedded in liquid helium, form so-called snowballs. Calculations suggest that helium atoms in the first solvation layer of these snowballs form rigid structures and that their number (n) is well defined, especially for the lighter alkalis. However, experiments have so far failed to accurately determine values of n. We present high-resolution mass spectra of Na+Hen, K+Hen, Na2+Hen and K2+Hen, formed by electron ionization of doped helium droplets; the data allow for a critical comparison with several theoretical studies. For sodium and potassium monomers the spectra indicate that the value of n is slightly smaller than calculated. Na2+Hen displays two distinct anomalies at n=2 and n=6, in agreement with theory; dissociation energies derived from experiment closely track theoretical values. K2+Hen distributions are fairly featureless, which also agrees with predictions.
Trading Spaces: Carving up Events for Learning Language

Relational terms (e.g., verbs and prepositions) are the cornerstone of language development, bringing together two distinct fields: linguistic theory and infants’ event processing. To acquire relational terms such as run, walk, in, and on, infants must first perceive and conceptualize components of dynamic events such as containment—support, path—manner, source—goal, and figure—ground. Infants must then uncover how the particular language they are learning encodes these constructs. This review addresses the interaction of language learning with infants’ conceptualization of these nonlinguistic spatial event components. We present the thesis that infants start with language-general nonlinguistic constructs that are gradually refined and tuned to the requirements of their native language. In effect, infants are trading spaces, maintaining their sensitivity to some relational distinctions while dampening other distinctions, depending on how their native language expresses these constructs.
Parametric Color Coding of Digital Subtraction Angiography

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Color has been shown to facilitate both visual search and recognition tasks. It was our purpose to examine the impact of a color-coding algorithm on the interpretation of 2D-DSA acquisitions by experienced and inexperienced observers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-six 2D-DSA acquisitions obtained as part of routine clinical care from subjects with a variety of cerebrovascular disease processes were selected from an internal data base so as to include a variety of disease states (aneurysms, AVMs, fistulas, stenosis, occlusions, dissections, and tumors). Three experienced and 3 less experienced observers were each shown the acquisitions on a prerelease version of a commercially available double-monitor workstation (XWP, Siemens Healthcare). Acquisitions were presented first as a subtracted image series and then as a single composite color-coded image of the entire acquisition. Observers were then asked a series of questions designed to assess the value of the color-coded images for the following purposes: 1) to enhance their ability to make a diagnosis, 2) to have confidence in their diagnosis, 3) to plan a treatment, and 4) to judge the effect of a treatment. The results were analyzed by using 1-sample Wilcoxon tests. RESULTS: Color-coded images enhanced the ease of evaluating treatment success in >40% of cases (P < .0001). They also had a statistically significant impact on treatment planning, making planning easier in >20% of the cases (P = .0069). In >20% of the examples, color-coding made diagnosis and treatment planning easier for all readers (P < .0001). Color-coding also increased the confidence of diagnosis compared with the use of DSA alone (P = .056). The impact of this was greater for the naïve readers than for the expert readers. CONCLUSIONS: At no additional cost in x-ray dose or contrast medium, color-coding of DSA enhanced the conspicuity of findings on DSA images. It was particularly useful in situations in which there was a complex flow pattern and in evaluation of pre- and posttreatment acquisitions. Its full potential remains to be defined.