Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Constructing Complex Search Tasks with Coherent Subtask Search Goals

Nowadays, due to the explosive growth of web content and usage, users deal with their complex search tasks by web search engines. However, conventional search engines consider a search query corresponding only to a simple search task. In order to accomplish a complex search task, which consists of multiple subtask search goals, users usually have to issue a series of queries. For example, the complex search task “travel to Dubai” may involve several subtask search goals, including reserving hotel room, surveying Dubai landmarks, booking flights, and so forth. Therefore, a user can efficiently accomplish his or her complex search task if search engines can predict the complex search task with a variety of subtask search goals. In this work, we propose a complex search task model (CSTM) to deal with this problem. The CSTM first groups queries into complex search task clusters, and then generates subtask search goals from each complex search task cluster. To raise the performance of CSTM, we exploit four web resources including community question answering, query logs, search engine result pages, and clicked pages. Experimental results show that our CSTM is effective in identifying the comprehensive subtask search goals of a complex search task.
Pathways to Armenian Youth Empowerment in Low Socioeconomic Communities: Indirect Effects of Parenting and Moderating Effects of Gender

This study evaluated self-esteem and emotional regulation as possible mediators of the relationship between authoritative parenting and sociopolitical control in 240 low socioeconomic youths, aged 10 to 16 years (M = 12.48 years, SD = 1.33 years; 122 males, 118 females). Participants completed self-report questionnaires assessing their self-esteem, emotional regulation, perception of sociopolitical control, and perceptions of their parents’ supportive parenting and behavior monitoring. The relationship between authoritative parenting and perception of sociopolitical control was mediated by self-esteem and emotional regulation cognitive reappraisal skills. The relationship between authoritative parenting and self-esteem was moderated by gender, in that, authoritative parenting was more predictive of self-esteem in male youth than female youth. This research identifies the importance of family interventions designed to increase authoritative parenting for youth from low socioeconomic communities, and highlights the need to identify other factors that may be important for the development of sociopolitical control in female youth.
On the self-displacement of deformable bodies in an ideal fluid

Understanding fish-like locomotion as a result of internal shape changes may result in improved underwater propulsion mechanism. In this article, we study a coupled system of partial diffe\-rential equations and ordinary differential equations which models the motion of self-propelled deformable bodies (called swimmers) in an ideal fluid. The deformations being prescribed, we apply the least action principle of Lagrangian mechanics to determine the equations of the inferred motion. We prove that the swimmers degrees of freedom solve a second order system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Under suitable smoothness assumptions on the fluid's domain boundary and on the given deformations, we prove the existence and regularity of the bodies rigid motions, up to a collision between two swimmers or between a swimmer with the boundary of the fluid. Then we compute explicitly the Euler-Lagrange equations in terms of the geometric data of the bodies and of the value of the fluid's harmonic potential on the boundary of the fluid.
Pengaruh Kecerdasan Spiritual dan Budaya Tri Hita Karana Terhadap Kecenderungan Kecurangan (Fraud) Akuntansi pada Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah Kabupaten Badung

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh kecerdasan spiritual dan budaya Tri Hita Karana terhadap kecenderungan kecurangan (fraud) akuntansi pada Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah Kabupaten Badung. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah data primer. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 112 responden dari 17 dinas di Kabupaten Badung. Pengumpulan data penelitian dilakukan dengan cara penyebaran kuesioner kepada masing-masing responden yang terpilih berdasarkan kriteria yang telah ditentukan. Dari pengumpulan data tersebut, kemudian data diuji. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi linear berganda dengan bantuan program SPSS 23.00 for Windows. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu (1) secara parsial, kecerdasan spiritual berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kecenderungan kecurangan (fraud) akuntansi, (2) secara parsial, budaya Tri Hita Karana tidak berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap kecenderungan kecurangan (fraud) akuntansi, dan (3) secara simultan, kecerdasan spiritual dan budaya Tri Hita Karana berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kecenderungan kecurangan (fraud) akuntansi. Kata Kunci : kecerdasan spiritual, Tri Hita Karana, kecurangan This study aimed at examining the influence of spiritual quotient and culture of Tri Hita Karana against the tendency of accounting fraud at the regional work unit of Badung regency. The data which were used in this study were primary data. Samples in this study were determined using purposive sampling technique with 112 respondents from 17 agencies in Badung regency. The data were collected by distributing questionnaires to each selected respondent based on predetermined criteria. The collected data were then analyzed. It was analyzed using multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS 23.00 for Windows. The results show that (1) partially, spiritual quotient has a negative and significant influence on the tendency of accounting fraud, (2) partially, culture of Tri Hita Karana has no negative and significant influence on the tendency of accounting fraud, (3) simultaneously, spiritual quotient and culture of Tri Hita Karana has a significant influence on the tendency of accounting fraud. keyword : spiritual quotient, Tri Hita Karana, fraud
On the Partial Difference Equations, of Mathematical Physics

Problems involving the classical linear partial differential equations of mathematical physics can be reduced to algebraic ones of a very much simpler structure by replacing the differentials by difference quotients on some (say rectilinear) mesh. This paper will undertake an elementary discussion of these algebraic problems, in particular of the behavior of the solution as the mesh width tends to zero. For present purposes we limit ourselves mainly to simple but typical cases, and treat them in such a way that the applicability of the method to more general difference equations and to those with arbitrarily many independent variables is made clear.
Improved survival of left-sided pancreas cancer after surgery.

OBJECTIVE Resective therapeutic strategy for left-sided pancreatic adenocarcinoma is open to debate. The post-resection outcomes and factors influencing post-resection survival for adenocarcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas were analyzed to determine the effectiveness of surgery. METHODS A total of 73 patients with adenocarcinoma of the body or tail of the pancreas who underwent resection between 1994 and June 2007 were evaluated for overall survival. RESULTS Multiple malignancies were present in 34 of 73 patients (47%). Overall 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates after surgery were 79%, 34%, and 30%, respectively. Presence of symptoms, multiple cancers and level of preoperative tumor marker did not influence post-resection survival. As for tumor characteristics, tumor size, histological tumor differentiation, retroperitoneal invasion, status of residual tumor and UICC staging represented significant prognostic indicators by univariate analysis. Gemcitabine, when administered as an adjuvant settings, strongly worked for improving post-resection outcome (5-year survival rate = 51%). Factors shown to have independent prognostic significance on multivariate analysis were tumor size (<3 vs. >or=3 cm), status of residual tumor (R0 vs. R1, 2), and postoperative administration of gemcitabine. CONCLUSIONS Appropriate patient selection and accurate surgical technique with postoperative adjuvant therapy could benefit survival of patients with carcinoma of the pancreas body and tail.
Decentralized user-role assignment for Web-based intranets

The intricacy of security administration is one of the most challenging problems in large networked systems. This problem is especially serious in the Web environment, which consists of synthesis of technologies and composition of various constituents. Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) can reduce the complexity and cost of security administration in large networked applications. Using RBAC itself to manage RBAC provides additional administrative convenience. The main contribution of this paper is to extend the RBAC/Web system (developed at NIST) with the URA97 model for user-role assignment (developed at GMU) to decentralize the details of RBAC administration on the Web without losing central control over the system policy.
Sea ice type maps from Alaska Synthetic Aperture Radar Facility imagery: An assessment

Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) imagery received at the Alaska SAR Facility is routinely and automatically classified on the Geophysical Processor System (GPS) to create ice type maps. We evaluated the wintertime performance of the GPS classification algorithm by comparing ice type percentages from supervised classification with percentages from the algorithm. The RMS difference for multiyear ice is about 6%, while the inconsistency in supervised classification is about 3%. The algorithm separates first-year from multiyear ice well, although it sometimes fails to correctly classify new ice and open water owing to the wide distribution of backscatter for these classes. Our results imply a high degree of accuracy and consistency in the growing archive of multiyear and first-year ice distribution maps. These results have implications for heat and mass balance studies which are furthered by the ability to accurately characterize ice type distributions over a large part of the Arctic.
Metabolic syndrome and health-related quality of life in Iranian population

BACKGROUND: To investigate the association between Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and Health related quality of life (QoL) in Iranian population. METHODS: We used data from the post-intervention phase of Isfahan Healthy Heart Program (IHHP), a community trial for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention and control. We recruited 9570 healthy adults, aged ≥ 19 years who were randomly selected using multistage random sampling method. World Health Organization QoL questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) which contains 26 items was used to assess QoL. It assesses four domains of QoL; Physical health, Psychological health, Social relationship and Environmental issues. MetS was defined based on ATP III criteria. RESULTS: The mean age of participants was 38.8±15.6 years (mean ± SD) and the prevalence of MetS was 22.5%. From all participant 18.2% were illiterate and 13.2% had university educational level. Two way multivariate analyses of covariance (MANCOVA) test after adjusting age showed significant difference between women with and without Mets in regard to physical health and social relations domains, while none of QoL domains was different in men with Mets in comparison to men without it. CONCLUSIONS: After adjusting the role of socio-demographic factors as components of QoL score, no association was observed between QoL domains and MetS in men, while only social relations and physical health scores were higher in women with Mets compared to those without Mets. Other variety of health-related QoL assessment tools or definitions of MetS may show different relationship in the Iranian socio-cultural context.
Off-vehicle evaluation of camera-based pedestrian detection

Performance evaluation and comparison of vision-based automotive modules is a growing need in automotive industry. Off-vehicle evaluation, using a database of video streams offers many advantages over on-vehicle evaluation in terms of reduced costs, repeatability and the ability to compare different modules under the same conditions. An off-vehicle evaluation platform for camera based pedestrian detection is presented, enabling evaluation of industrial modules and internally developed algorithms. In order to maintain a single video database despite variability in camera location and internal parameters, experiments were done with video warping techniques, in which a video is warped to look as if taken from a target camera. To obtain ground truth annotation, both manual and Lidar-based methods were tested. Lidar-based annotation was shown to achieve detection rate >; 80% without human intervention, which can go up to 97.5% using a semi-supervised methodology with moderate human effort. Finally, we examined several performance metrics, and found that the image-based detection criteria used in most of the literature does not fit certain automotive application well. A modified criterion based on real world coordinates is suggested.
Do opposites attract? Assimilation and differentiation as relationship-building strategies

In addressing the call for the application of learning from other domains to the sales context, our work integrates the optimal distinctiveness theory with the study of buyer–seller relationships. We conceptualize two main buyer–seller relationship-building strategies – a value-added differentiation strategy and a compatibility-based assimilation strategy – and present an integrative theoretical framework explaining how these two strategies can be leveraged in the business and personal domains to meet customer needs and improve sales performance. Using the theory, we reconcile conflicting findings on the use of similarities and differences between salespeople and customers in buyer–seller relationships. Our theoretical framework helps salespeople address the dynamic nature of dyadic relationships strategically in a way that promotes customer satisfaction, improves the firm’s performance, and nurtures its competitive advantage.
Wheat TaNPSN SNARE homologues are involved in vesicle-mediated resistance to stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici)

Subcellular localisation of SNAREs (soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors) and their ability to form SNARE complexes are critical for determining the specificity of vesicle fusion. NPSN11, a Novel Plant SNARE (NPSN) gene, has been reported to be involved in the delivery of cell wall precursors to the newly formed cell plate during cytokinesis. However, functions of NPSN genes in plant–pathogen interactions are largely unknown. In this study, we cloned and characterized three NPSN genes (TaNPSN11, TaNPSN12, and TaNPSN13) and three plant defence-related SNARE homologues (TaSYP132, TaSNAP34, and TaMEMB12). TaSYP132 showed a highly specific interaction with TaNPSN11 in both yeast two-hybrid and bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays. We hypothesize that this interaction may indicate a partnership in vesicle trafficking. Expressions of the three TaNPSNs and TaSYP132 were differentially induced in wheat leaves when challenged by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst). In virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) assays, resistance of wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivar Xingzi9104 to the Pst avirulent race CYR23 was reduced by knocking down TaNPSN11, TaNPSN13 and TaSYP132, but not TaNPSN12, implying diversified functions of these wheat SNARE homologues in prevention of Pst infection and hyphal elongation. Immuno-localization results showed that TaNPSN11 or its structural homologues were mainly distributed in vesicle structures near cell membrane toward Pst hypha. Taken together, our data suggests a role of TaNPSN11 in vesicle-mediated resistance to stripe rust.
Towards a Model for Inferring Trust in Heterogeneous Social Networks

People usually use trust and reputation to cope with uncertainty which exists in the nature and routines. The existing approaches for inferring trust rely on homogeneous relations. In other words, trust is just inferred by a homogeneous relation. In this paper, we present a new model for inferring trust using heterogeneous social networks; we use relation extraction to make a trust relation from the other relation such as friendship and the college relation and then introduced an algorithm to infer trust using extracted relation. In order to get higher performance, we extend relation extraction problem by proposing a genetic algorithm. This algorithm is more scalable, interpretable and extensible in comparison with prior ones. We also present a new algorithm for inferring trust in a social network. Using these methods, we conclude higher accuracy for trust values. Our claims are evaluated by experimental results.
Perception and haptics: towards more accessible computers for motion-impaired users

For people with motion impairments, access to and independent control of a computer can be essential. Symptoms such as tremor and spasm, however, can make the typical keyboard and mouse arrangement for computer interaction difficult or even impossible to use. This paper describes three approaches to improving computer input effectivness for people with motion impairments. The three approaches are: (1) to increase the number of interaction channels, (2) to enhance commonly existing interaction channels, and (3) to make more effective use of all the available information in an existing input channel. Experiments in multimodal input, haptic feedback, user modelling, and cursor control are discussed in the context of the three approaches. A haptically enhanced keyboard emulator with perceptive capability is proposed, combining approaches in a way that improves computer access for motion impaired users.
Selective Inhibition of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor (HIF) Prolyl-Hydroxylase 1 Mediates Neuroprotection against Normoxic Oxidative Death via HIF- and CREB-Independent Pathways

Oxidative stress contributes to tissue injury in conditions ranging from cardiovascular disease to stroke, spinal cord injury, neurodegeneration, and perhaps even aging. Yet the efficacy of antioxidants in human disease has been mixed at best. We need a better understanding of the mechanisms by which established antioxidants combat oxidative stress. Iron chelators are well established inhibitors of oxidative death in both neural and non-neural tissues, but their precise mechanism of action remains elusive. The prevailing but not completely substantiated view is that iron chelators prevent oxidative injury by suppressing Fenton chemistry and the formation of highly reactive hydroxyl radicals. Here, we show that iron chelation protects, rather unexpectedly, by inhibiting the hypoxia-inducible factor prolyl 4-hydroxylase isoform 1 (PHD1), an iron and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase. PHD1 and its isoforms 2 and 3 are best known for stabilizing transcriptional regulators involved in hypoxic adaptation, such as HIF-1α and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB). Yet we find that global hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-PHD inhibition protects neurons even when HIF-1α and CREB are directly suppressed. Moreover, two global HIF-PHD inhibitors continued to be neuroprotective even in the presence of diminished HIF-2α levels, which itself increases neuronal susceptibility to oxidative stress. Finally, RNA interference to PHD1 but not isoforms PHD2 or PHD3 prevents oxidative death, independent of HIF activation. Together, these studies suggest that iron chelators can prevent normoxic oxidative neuronal death through selective inhibition of PHD1 but independent of HIF-1α and CREB; and that HIF-2α, not HIF-1α, regulates susceptibility to normoxic oxidative neuronal death.
Cell Shape Dynamics: From Waves to Migration

We observe and quantify wave-like characteristics of amoeboid migration. Using the amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum, a model system for the study of chemotaxis, we demonstrate that cell shape changes in a wave-like manner. Cells have regions of high boundary curvature that propagate from the leading edge toward the back, usually along alternating sides of the cell. Curvature waves are easily seen in cells that do not adhere to a surface, such as cells that are electrostatically repelled from surfaces or cells that extend over the edge of micro-fabricated cliffs. Without surface contact, curvature waves travel from the leading edge to the back of a cell at ∼35 µm/min. Non-adherent myosin II null cells do not exhibit these curvature waves. At the leading edge of adherent cells, curvature waves are associated with protrusive activity. Like regions of high curvature, protrusive activity travels along the boundary in a wave-like manner. Upon contact with a surface, the protrusions stop moving relative to the surface, and the boundary shape thus reflects the history of protrusive motion. The wave-like character of protrusions provides a plausible mechanism for the zig-zagging of pseudopods and for the ability of cells both to swim in viscous fluids and to navigate complex three dimensional topography.
Engineered allosteric ribozymes that respond to specific divalent metal ions

In vitro selection was used to isolate five classes of allosteric hammerhead ribozymes that are triggered by binding to certain divalent metal ion effectors. Each of these ribozyme classes are similarly activated by Mn2+, Fe2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+, but their allosteric binding sites reject other divalent metals such as Mg2+, Ca2+ and Sr2+. Through a more comprehensive survey of cations, it was determined that some metal ions (Be2+, Fe3+, Al3+, Ru2+ and Dy2+) are extraordinarily disruptive to the RNA structure and function. Two classes of RNAs examined in greater detail make use of conserved nucleotides within the large internal bulges to form critical structures for allosteric function. One of these classes exhibits a metal-dependent increase in rate constant that indicates a requirement for the binding of two cation effectors. Additional findings suggest that, although complex allosteric functions can be exhibited by small RNAs, larger RNA molecules will probably be required to form binding pockets that are uniquely selective for individual cation effectors.