Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microstructure and Superconducting Properties of Brass Matrix Internal Tin Nb$_3$Sn Wire With Ti Doping to Nb Core

Nb<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_3$</tex-math></inline-formula>Sn superconducting wires are widely used for high field applications. It is also expected to play a vital role for high field application in the future, such as future circular collider (FCC). Further improvement in <inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$J_\mathrm{c}$</tex-math></inline-formula> performance is required to realize FCC. We have been studying the effect of element addition into Cu matrix in the internal tin (IT) processed Nb<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_3$</tex-math></inline-formula>Sn conductor. In our previous brass method IT wire, where Ti is doped to central Sn cores, Ti is accumulated between the sub-elements and is inhomogeneously distributed across the wire after the heat treatment. To solve this problem, we tried Ti doping to Nb cores on the brass matrix IT wire. We prepared the specimens using Nb-0, 1, 1.54 at%Ti rod as Nb core. Nb<inline-formula><tex-math notation="LaTeX">$_3$</tex-math></inline-formula>Sn grain morphology and diffusion reaction behavior of these specimens were compared and we investigated the correlation between the microstructure and the superconducting properties on the specimens with Ti doping to Nb cores.
Transforming growth factor-β and oxidative stress mediate tachycardia-induced cellular remodelling in cultured atrial-derived myocytes.

AIMS Atrial fibrillation (AF), a common tachyarrhythmia in clinical practice, is associated with increased oxidative stress. Structural remodelling in atrial myocytes, including myofibril degradation, is an important characteristic of AF. However, the mechanism underlying AF-induced cellular structural remodelling remains unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of oxidative stress and related factors in tachycardia-induced atrial structural remodelling. METHODS AND RESULTS Cultured atrial-derived myocytes (HL-1 cell line) were subjected to electrical stimulation. Immunofluorescence and immunoblotting were used to evaluate oxidative stress, myofibril degradation, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) expression. Tachypacing in HL-1 cells induced TGF-β expression, pronounced oxidative stress including up-regulation of NADPH oxidases (Nox2/4), and myofibril degradation. Oxidative stress scavenger, NADPH oxidase inhibitors, and small-interfering RNAs for Nox2/4 blocked tachypacing-induced myofibril degradation, suggesting that Nox-derived oxidative stress may lead to tachycardia-induced myofibril degradation. Blockade of TGF-β signalling by neutralizing TGF-β antibodies attenuated myofibril loss in response to tachypacing, implicating autocrine and/or paracrine roles for TGF-β in such effects. Tachypacing also induced the activation of p-Smad3 (an effective mediator of TGF-β) and small-interfering RNAs for Nox2/4 attenuated its activation, supporting a crosstalk between both signalling pathways. Furthermore, TGF-β expression, oxidative stress, and myofibril loss were greater in the atria of patients with AF than those with sinus rhythm. CONCLUSIONS Rapid activation in atrial myocytes promotes myofibril degradation through autocrine/paracrine TGF-β signalling and increased oxidative stress. These findings provide an important mechanistic insight into AF-related structural remodelling.
Multilingual Knowledge Graph Embeddings for Cross-lingual Knowledge Alignment

Many recent works have demonstrated the benefits of knowledge graph embeddings in completing monolingual knowledge graphs. Inasmuch as related knowledge bases are built in several different languages, achieving cross-lingual knowledge alignment will help people in constructing a coherent knowledge base, and assist machines in dealing with different expressions of entity relationships across diverse human languages. Unfortunately, achieving this highly desirable cross-lingual alignment by human labor is very costly and error-prone. Thus, we propose MTransE, a translation-based model for multilingual knowledge graph embeddings, to provide a simple and automated solution. By encoding entities and relations of each language in a separated embedding space, MTransE provides transitions for each embedding vector to its cross-lingual counterparts in other spaces, while preserving the functionalities of monolingual embeddings. We deploy three different techniques to represent cross-lingual transitions, namely axis calibration, translation vectors, and linear transformations, and derive five variants for MTransE using different loss functions. Our models can be trained on partially aligned graphs, where just a small portion of triples are aligned with their cross-lingual counterparts. The experiments on cross-lingual entity matching and triple-wise alignment verification show promising results, with some variants consistently outperforming others on different tasks. We also explore how MTransE preserves the key properties of its monolingual counterpart.
DISTINGUISHING MUTANTS BY KNOT POLYNOMIALS

We consider the problem of distinguishing mutant knots using invariants of their satellites. We show, by explicit calculation, that the Homfly polynomial of the 3-parallel (and hence the related quantum invariants) will distinguish some mutant pairs. Having established a condition on the colouring module which forces a quantum invariant to agree on mutants, we explain several features of the difference between the Homfly polynomials of satellites constructed from mutants using more general patterns. We illustrate this by our calculations; from these we isolate some simple quantum invariants, and a framed Vassiliev invariant of type 11, which distinguish certain mutants, including the Conway and Kinoshita-Teresaka pair.
Spiritual Struggles and Ministry-Related Quality of Life Among Faith Leaders in Colombia

Faith leaders who are working to promote justice and healing in Colombia might confront stressful circumstances that challenge their spiritual meaning systems and limit ministry-related quality of life. However, whether focusing on domestic or international samples, research has not examined potential effects of spiritual struggles on ministry-related quality of life. In total, 166 faith leaders who were serving in Christian churches and organizations in Colombia completed a Spanish version of Exline, Pargament, Grubbs, and Yali’s (2014) Religious and Spiritual Struggles Scale along with assessments of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) symptomatology. The relative frequencies of different types of spiritual struggles in the sample were as follows: divine = 5.4%, morality = 29.9%, ultimate meaning = 18%, interpersonal = 18%, and doubting = 16.2%. Bivariate results revealed that severity of each of these struggles was concurrently linked with more mental health symptomatology as well as less compassion satisfaction and greater secondary traumatic stress in relation to ministry-related experiences. In addition, when accounting for symptom severity of PTSD and MDD, structural equation modeling results revealed that participants who were experiencing greater moral struggles were particularly vulnerable for struggling in their ministry role at the time of this study. These findings support the need for more research on this topic as well as the possible development of strategies for addressing the emotional, spiritual, and educational needs of faith leaders in Colombia and other nations who are serving persons in contexts of trauma, loss, and displacement.
MULTI-AGENTS SIMULATION OF URBAN DYNAMIC

In the introduction the multi-agents simulation is discussed in comparison with other approaches. Further, a method based on three levels of increasing complexity is proposed. First: the urban dynamic is simulated as the clustering of built elements in a 3-D space. Second: a distinction is made between subject (agents) and objects (buildings) and the interaction between retail agents and consumer agents is reformulated. Third: the land rent is included as the basic regulating mechanism for the location of agents. The utilization of this method is shown in relation to the CityDev model which is applied to the simulation of the dynamic of Lugano (Switzerland). In conclusion the basic characteristics of a multi-agents method are highlighted: the comprehensive character of an agent based simulation, the ability to interact with human users, and the validation based both on observed data and on a direct interaction with real actors.
PeerMart: the technology for a distributed auction-based market for peer-to-peer services

P2P networks are becoming increasingly popular for a wide variety of applications going beyond pure file sharing. However, a commercial use of P2P technology is currently not possible as efficient and reliable market mechanisms are missing. This paper presents PeerMart, a distributed technology in support of a market for trading P2P services. PeerMart combines the economic efficiency of double auctions with the technical efficiency and resilience of structured P2P networks. The system is implemented on top of a redundant P2P infrastructure and is being evaluated with respect to scalability, efficiency, and reliability.
New approaches to regression by generalized additive models and continuous optimization for modern applications in finance, science and technology

Generalized additive models belong to modern techniques from statistical learning, and are applicable in many areas of prediction, e.g. in financial mathematics, computational biology, medicine, chemistry and environmental protection. In these models, the expectation of response is linked to the predictors via a link function. These models are fitted through local scoring algorithm using a scatterplot smoother as building blocks proposed by Hastie and Tibshirani (1987). In this article, we first give a short introduction and review. Then, we present a mathematical modeling by splines based on a new clustering approach for the x, their density, and the variation of output y. We contribute to regression with generalized additive models by bounding (penalizing) second-order terms (curvature) of the splines, leading to a more robust approximation. Previously, in [23], we proposed a refining modification and investigation of the backfitting algorithm, applied to additive models. Then, because of drawbacks of the modified backfitting algorithm, we solve this problem using continuous optimization techniques, which will become an important complementary technology and alternative to the concept of modified backfitting algorithm. In particular, we model and treat the constrained residual sum of squares by the elegant framework of conic quadratic programming. ¶This study was carried out as part of Pakize Taylan's postdoc at METU in the program DOSAP.
Algebraic Multilevel Methods and Sparse Approximate Inverses

In this paper we introduce a new approach to algebraic multilevel methods and their use as preconditioners in iterative methods for the solution of symmetric positive definite linear systems. The multilevel process and, in particular, the coarsening process are based on the construction of sparse approximate inverses and their augmentation with corrections of smaller size. We present comparisons of the effectiveness of the resulting multilevel technique and numerical results.
Christian Religiosity and Attitudes Toward the Human Value of Transgender Individuals

Previous research has shown that evangelical Christians rate the human value of transgender individuals lower than their nonreligious counterparts do; however, it is unknown what specific factors of religiosity relate to these lower scores. Given that many Christians, across the conservative to liberal spectrum, claim to uphold human dignity as paramount, this study follows up on this seeming contradiction by seeking to better understand this disconnect between a common Christian theology of human dignity and a low endorsement of the human value of transgender persons found among many Christians in the United States today. Our present work is the first exploratory study that examines, using an online U.S. sample of self-identified Christians (n = 204), the relationship between characteristics of religiosity and attitudes toward the human value of transgender persons. The study utilized the Transgender Attitudes and Beliefs Scale (TABS) as a measure of the criterion variable. Multiple religiosity scales were used to measure 6 differing dimensions of religiosity. Using multiple regression analyses, we found an inverse relationship between measures of human value and 2 dimensions of religiosity: religious fundamentalism and chance locus of control. We also found a positive relationship between human value and God locus of control. Women showed higher valuing of transgender persons than did men, and gender moderated the relationship between human value and 3 dimensions of religiosity: religious fundamentalism, chance locus of control, and God locus of control. We discuss how these and other findings relate to the broader literature on religiosity and attitudes toward transgender individuals.
Quantum Finite State Machines - a Circuit Based Approach

We present a model of Quantum Finite State Machines (QFSM) based on the quantum circuit representation. In this model, properties of quantum bits are exploited in order to implement Quantum Finite State Machines without an explicit external memory. We show that because of the the natural ability of quantum systems to retain the quantum state, quantum circuits can be directly used to implement some classes of the quantum finite state machines. In particular, the circuit model allows to remove the logic-memory distinction as it is used in the classically established model of finite state machines. Rather, the quantum register implementing the QFSM as a circuit is alternatively used as memory and as logic. In order to allow such behavior the quantum circuit (processor) is controlled by a classical circuit that provides the necessary timing of the quantum operations as well as the interface between the quantum and the classical world. Moreover, additional mechanism for preserving unknown quantum qubit state is used and a novel computational protocol allowing the implementation of the QFSM is proposed. This framework is is called the Classically Controlled Quantum Computer (CCQC). The CCQC thus combines a quantum processor with a classical controller in such manner that computation is carried from the classical inputs, through quantum processing to classical outputs. We discuss a high level synthesis approach to quantum sequence detection based on the synthesis of quantum sequential circuits. Such machines can find many applications for instance in robotics; for example a robot is required to recognize certain sequences of input sensor values.
Frequency-dependent local interactions and low-energy effective models from electronic structure calculations

We propose a systematic procedure for constructing effective models of strongly correlated materials. The parameters, in particular the on-site screened Coulomb interaction $U$, are calculated from first principles, using the random-phase approximation. We derive an expression for the frequency-dependent $U(\ensuremath{\omega})$ and show, for the case of nickel, that its high-frequency part has significant influence on the spectral functions. We propose a scheme for taking into account the energy dependence of $U(\ensuremath{\omega})$, so that a model with an energy-independent local interaction can still be used for low-energy properties.
Lack of Convergence across Former West German States

Adopting a time series convergence definition and panel unit root testing procedures, we fail to reject the null hypothesis of no convergence in GDP per capita across former West German states. This result stands in contrast to the findings of previous studies for West German regions using cross-section regression techniques and is contrary to the time series findings for the United States. From the policy perspective, our study strongly suggests that some kind of regional economic development policy is necessary in order to reduce productivity and income disparities between East and West German states. JEL Classification: C23, O18, O47, O52, R11
A variational representation for certain functionals of Brownian motion

In this paper we show that the variational representation - log Ee -f(W) = inf E{1/2∫ 0 1 ∥v s ∥ 2 ds + f(w + ∫ 0 v s ds)} holds, where W is a standard d-dimensional Brownian motion, f is any bounded measurable function that maps C([0,1]: R d ) into R and the infimum is over all processes v that are progressively measurable with respect to the augmentation of the filtration generated by W. An application is made to a problem concerned with large deviations, and an extension to unbounded functions is given.
A measurement of the response times of various OpenFlow/SDN controllers with CBench

Software Defined Network (SDN) is a new network architecture that decouples the control plane from the data plane by adding a new entity called “controller”. Most concerns about this new networking trend are: how fast can the controller respond to data path requests and how many data path requests can a controller handle per second. To answer those concerns, this paper presents a study and evaluation of different types of OpenFlow controllers in an SDN environment. The main objective of this study is to perform a comparison between different behaviors of some popular open source SDN controllers such as Floodlight, Beacon, Pox and Ryu in terms of latency and throughput. The main results show that Floodlight is better than the other tested controllers as this paper will explain.
Developmental Dynamics of General and School-Subject-Specific Components of Academic Self-Concept, Academic Interest, and Academic Anxiety

The present study investigated the developmental dynamics of general and subject-specific (i.e., mathematics, French, and German) components of students' academic self-concept, anxiety, and interest. To this end, the authors integrated three lines of research: (a) hierarchical and multidimensional approaches to the conceptualization of each construct, (b) longitudinal analyses of bottom-up and top-down developmental processes across hierarchical levels, and (c) developmental processes across subjects. The data stemmed from two longitudinal large-scale samples (N = 3498 and N = 3863) of students attending Grades 7 and 9 in Luxembourgish schools. Nested-factor models were applied to represent each construct at each grade level. The analyses demonstrated that several characteristics were shared across constructs. All constructs were multidimensional in nature with respect to the different subjects, showed a hierarchical organization with a general component at the apex of the hierarchy, and had a strong separation between the subject-specific components at both grade levels. Further, all constructs showed moderate differential stabilities at both the general (0.42 < r < 0.55) and subject-specific levels (0.45 < r < 0.73). Further, little evidence was found for top-down or bottom-up developmental processes. Rather, general and subject-specific components in Grade 9 proved to be primarily a function of the corresponding components in Grade 7. Finally, change in several subject-specific components could be explained by negative effects across subjects.
The Effect of Nationality, Gender, and GPA on the Use of Reading Strategies Among EFL University Students

Despite its importance being acknowledged in a plethora of studies, developing reading strategies appears absent from many classrooms, which justifies a considerable research interest in this topic. The present study aims to investigate how gender, nationality, and grade point average affect the frequency of the usage of different types of reading strategies among Bosnian university students. The research sample comprised 228 students studying at three universities in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The analysis revealed moderate to high awareness of reading strategies, the problem-solving strategies being most frequently used. A three-way ANOVA showed a significant main effect of gender as well as a significant interaction effect of Nationality × Grade Point Average on The Survey of Reading Strategies questionnaire. Moreover, a three-way MANOVA revealed that gender had a significant main effect on the combined variables, namely global, support, and problem-solving reading strategies. Similarly, the interaction effect of Nationality × Grade Point Average was significant on the three combined variables, while the interaction effects of Grade Point Average × Gender and Grade Point Average × Nationality proved significant only on the Problem-Solving subscale. The current study is expected to contribute to understanding the reading strategy use in a foreign language context, and to inspire educators to recognize the importance of their use in the classroom.
Protein Signature of Lung Cancer Tissues

Lung cancer remains the most common cause of cancer-related mortality. We applied a highly multiplexed proteomic technology (SOMAscan) to compare protein expression signatures of non small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues with healthy adjacent and distant tissues from surgical resections. In this first report of SOMAscan applied to tissues, we highlight 36 proteins that exhibit the largest expression differences between matched tumor and non-tumor tissues. The concentrations of twenty proteins increased and sixteen decreased in tumor tissue, thirteen of which are novel for NSCLC. NSCLC tissue biomarkers identified here overlap with a core set identified in a large serum-based NSCLC study with SOMAscan. We show that large-scale comparative analysis of protein expression can be used to develop novel histochemical probes. As expected, relative differences in protein expression are greater in tissues than in serum. The combined results from tissue and serum present the most extensive view to date of the complex changes in NSCLC protein expression and provide important implications for diagnosis and treatment.