Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Use of low-glycaemic index bread to reduce 24-h blood glucose: implications for dietary advice to non-diabetic and diabetic subjects

The present study investigated the effect of a simple dietary change on 24-h blood glucose. In a randomized cross-over design, 10 healthy subjects were prescribed a low-glycaemic-index (LGI) diet and a high-glycaemic-index (HGI) diet. The diets were identical with the exception of the type of bread consumed (LGI or HGI). Glucose concentrations over 24 h were measured using a continuous glucose monitoring system. The LGI diet resulted in a lower mean glucose response compared with the HGI diet over 24 h (P=0.135), during the day (P=0.171) and at night (P=0.100). Similarly, the 24-h, daytime and overnight incremental area under the curve for glucose following the LGI diet was consistently lower than following the HGI diet (P=0.093, P=0.132 and P=0.061, respectively). The results demonstrate how a very simple dietary change can favourably alter overall blood glucose concentrations. Such small modifications to the diet, if adopted in the long term, could improve glucose control and consequently reduce the risk of chronic disease in both diabetic and non-diabetic individuals.
Prediction of cognitive performance in an animal fluency task based on rate and articulatory markers

Neurophysiological changes in the brain associated with early dementia can disrupt articulatory timing and precision in speech production. Motivated by this observation, we address the hypothesis that speaking rate and articulatory coordination, as manifested through formant frequency tracks, can predict performance on an animal fluency task administerd to the elderly. Specifically, using phoneme-based measures of speaking rate and articulatory coordination derived from formant cross-correlation measures, we investigate the capability of speech features, estimated from paragraph-recall and naturalistic free speech, to predict animal fluency assessment scores. Using a database consisting of audio from elderly subjects over a 4 year period, we develop least-squares regression models of our cognitive performance measures. The best performing model combined speaking rate and formant features, resulting in a correlation (R) of 0.61 and a root mean squared error (RMSE) of 5.07 with respect to a 934 score range. Vocal features thus provide a reduction by about 30% in MSE from a baseline (mean score) in predicting cognitive performance derived from the animal fluency assessment.
The Role of Perceived Utility of Emotion in Interpersonal Sensitivity and Depression

The present research examined the potential role of perceived utility of other-centered positive emotions (e.g., appreciation, humility) in depression. Self-reported perceptions of emotional utility, actual experience of emotion, and depression were measured in two samples of college students. Direct and indirect affective responses to critical feedback were also elicited in a sample of college students. As predicted, across both samples, perceived utility of other-centered positive emotions was associated with depression, even after taking into account the actual experience of emotions. Further, negative affect in response to criticism was found to partially mediate the link between perceived utility of other-centered positive emotions and depression. The implications of perceived utility of emotion in understanding interpersonal sensitivity and depression are discussed.
On the Sum Rate of Multi-Antenna Broadcast Channels with Channel Estimation Error

For multiple antenna broadcast channels, perfect channel state information (CSI) at the basestation plays a critical role in achieving the sum rate advantage provided by the multiple antennas. For practical system implementation, the CSI is usually estimated from training sequences. In this paper, we study the effect of channel estimation error on the sum rate capacity of multiple antenna broadcast channels. A lower bound is derived based on the sum rate performance of the zero forcing dirty paper coding scheme under CSI estimation error. A cooperative upper bound is established from the capacity upper bound of a single user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel given the same channel imperfectness. We further analyze the asymptotic sum rate loss caused by channel estimation error. If we assume that the variance of the channel estimation error is fixed, imperfect CSI results in a sum rate ceiling for high SNR. For systems with orthogonal training sequences and minimum mean square error (MMSE) channel estimator, the asymptotic sum rate loss is about N bit per channel use where N is the number of transmit antennas. I. INTRODUCTION Techniques employing multiple antennas are important for wireless communication systems because they provide the possibility of a significant increase in system spectrum effi- ciency. In the last decade, lots of works have been done on point-to-point, i.e., single user, multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems. Larger rate gains, however, are available when MIMO multi-user systems are considered. Recently, the sum rate capacity of the multiple antenna broadcast channel, which models the downlink in a MIMO cellular network, was solved (1), (2), (3), (4). These works show that perfect channel state information (CSI) at the basestation is critical for the system to achieve the sum rate advantage. With perfect CSI,
Anticipatory vibrotactile cueing facilitates grip force adjustment

Human grip forces are automatically adjusted upon occurrence of an external disturbance experienced by an object that is held by a thumb and index finger. We investigated some of the cues that may be used by the brain to perform rapid grip restabilization. To this end we ask subjects to grip and hold an instrumented and actuated parallelepiped-shaped handle between the index finger and the thumb. Under computer control, the handle could be jerked from the still grip and could independently provided vibration of 250 or 100 Hz to the gripping fingers. We found that the latency of the motor corrective action was 139 ms on average, but when a vibrotactile stimulation was applied 50 ms before the application of the pulling force, the latency was reduced on average to 117 ms. The average latency of the conscious response to the vibrotactile stimuli was 230 ms, suggesting that vibrotactile stimulation was capable of influencing the reflex action.
Faster Spatially Regularized Correlation Filters for Visual Tracking

Discriminatively learned correlation filters (DCF) have been widely used in online visual tracking filed due to its simplicity and efficiency. These methods utilize a periodic assumption of the training samples to construct a circulant data matrix, which implicitly increases the training samples and reduces both storage and computational complexity.The periodic assumption also introduces unwanted boundary effects. Recently, Spatially Regularized Correlation Filters (SRDCF) solved this issue by introducing penalization on correlation filter coefficients depending on their spatial location. However, SRDCF's efficiency dramatically decreased due to the breaking of circulant structure. We propose Faster Spatially Regularized Discriminative Correlation Filters (FSRDCF) for tracking. The FSRDCF is constructed from Ridge Regression, the circulant structure of training samples in the spatial domain is fully used, more importantly, we further exploit the circulant structure of regularization function in the Fourier domain, which allows our problem to be solved more directly and efficiently. Experiments are conducted on three benchmark datasets: OTB-2013, OTB-2015 and VOT2016. Our approach achieves equivalent performance to the baseline tracker SRDCF on all three datasets. On OTB-2013 and OTB-2015 datasets, our approach obtains a more than twice faster running speed and a more than third times shorter start-up time than the SRDCF. For state-of-the-art comparison, our approach demonstrates superior performance compared to other non-spatial-regularization trackers.
Is the HRD profession in the Netherlands changing?

Since 1990, studies have been carried out by the University of Twente to describe, compare and validate HRD roles, competencies and outputs between HRD practitioners in the USA and in Europe. In 1993, a replication of the ASTD study was carried out in the Netherlands, which concluded that most of the ASTD roles were reflected in Dutch HRD practice. After seven years, the question is whether the profession has changed and, if so, in which direction. In this replication study, it is remarkable to see that no significant changes have taken place in the profession, although many writers are predicting new consequences related to trends like competence management, the learning organization and knowledge societies. The HRD professional in the Netherlands is mainly the classical or typical type of trainer.
The ATP Sites of AAA+ Clamp Loaders Work Together as a Switch to Assemble Clamps on DNA*

Background: Replication factor C contains four active AAA+ ATPase sites. Results: Mutation of any one ATP binding site affects clamp loader activities. Conclusion: Although ATP sites may fill sequentially, ATP binding to all four sites is needed for RFC activity. Significance: This provides insight into the ATP-dependent conformational changes in RFC that drive the clamp loading reaction. Clamp loaders belong to a family of proteins known as ATPases associated with various cellular activities (AAA+). These proteins utilize the energy from ATP binding and hydrolysis to perform cellular functions. The clamp loader is required to load the clamp onto DNA for use by DNA polymerases to increase processivity. ATP binding and hydrolysis are coordinated by several key residues, including a conserved Lys located within the Walker A motif (or P-loop). This residue is required for each subunit to bind ATP. The specific function of each ATP molecule bound to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae clamp loader is unknown. A series of point mutants, each lacking a single Walker A Lys residue, was generated to study the effects of abolishing ATP binding in individual clamp loader subunits. A variety of biochemical assays were used to analyze the function of ATP binding during discrete steps of the clamp loading reaction. All mutants reduced clamp binding/opening to different degrees. Decreased clamp binding activity was generally correlated with decreases in the population of open clamps, suggesting that differences in the binding affinities of Walker A mutants stem from differences in stabilization of proliferating cell nuclear antigen in an open conformation. Walker A mutations had a smaller effect on DNA binding than clamp binding/opening. Our data do not support a model in which each ATP site functions independently to regulate a different step in the clamp loading cycle to coordinate these steps. Instead, the ATP sites work in unison to promote conformational changes in the clamp loader that drive clamp loading.
Maternal conversational control and the development of deaf children: a test of the stage hypothesis

A longitudinal study was conducted of maternal conversational control in 34 dyads of mothers and their deaf preschool children. Half of the dyads used total communication (TC) and half used auditory-oral (A/O) communication. Using first year data, the dyads were divided into Hi and Lo levels of maternal conver sational control and Hi and Lo levels of children's communicative competence. Analysis of children's gains indicated that a Lo level of turn control was associated with greater expressive gains in both the Lo and Hi competence groups; turn control bore no relationship to receptive gains. Maternal response control interacted with communication level and communication mode to predict differential gains. The implications of the findings for a stage hypothesis are discussed.
The roles of geography and founder effects in promoting host‐associated differentiation in the generalist bogus yucca moth Prodoxus decipiens

There is ample evidence that host shifts in plant‐feeding insects have been instrumental in generating the enormous diversity of insects. Changes in host use can cause host‐associated differentiation (HAD) among populations that may lead to reproductive isolation and eventual speciation. The importance of geography in facilitating this process remains controversial. We examined the geographic context of HAD in the wide‐ranging generalist yucca moth Prodoxus decipiens. Previous work demonstrated HAD among sympatric moth populations feeding on two different Yucca species occurring on the barrier islands of North Carolina, USA. We assessed the genetic structure of P. decipiens across its entire geographic and host range to determine whether HAD is widespread in this generalist herbivore. Population genetic analyses of microsatellite and mtDNA sequence data across the entire range showed genetic structuring with respect to host use and geography. In particular, genetic differentiation was relatively strong between mainland populations and those on the barrier islands of North Carolina. Finer scale analyses, however, among sympatric populations using different host plant species only showed significant clustering based on host use for populations on the barrier islands. Mainland populations did not form population clusters based on host plant use. Reduced genetic diversity in the barrier island populations, especially on the derived host, suggests that founder effects may have been instrumental in facilitating HAD. In general, results suggest that the interplay of local adaptation, geography and demography can determine the tempo of HAD. We argue that future studies should include comprehensive surveys across a wide range of environmental and geographic conditions to elucidate the contribution of various processes to HAD.
Occupational and Religious Mobility in a Small City

Previous studies have suggested a relationship between occupational and religious mobility, namely, that the later should follow upon the former in order to provide the mobile individual with a more socially congruent context. The greater the distance of occupational mobility, therefore, the more likely is religious mobility to occur. Analysis of data from a telephone survey of a small Midwestern city reveals that occupational and religious mobility are not related per se; there is, however, a significant relationship between occupational mobility distance and religious mobility. Education is also significantly and positively related to occupational mobility. Highly educated individuals who are occupationally mobile across a great distance are the most religiously mobile group of all. There is also a tendency for the religiously mobile to move into high status Protestant denominations or out of the Christian religion altogeher; this pattern is intensified among those who are highly mobile occupationally. The results suggest that religious mobility is a coping mechanism rather than a search for a more socially congruent context.
Targeted Therapy in Uterine Serous Carcinoma: An Aggressive Variant of Endometrial Cancer

Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) is a highly aggressive variant of endometrial cancer. Although it only represents less than 10% of all cases, it accounts for a disproportionate number of deaths from endometrial cancer. Comprehensive surgical staging followed by carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy represents the mainstay of USC therapy. Vaginal cuff brachytherapy is also of potential benefit in USC. Recent whole-exome sequencing studies have demonstrated gain of function of the HER2/NEU gene, as well as driver mutations in the PIK3CA/AKT/mTOR and cyclin E/FBXW7 oncogenic pathways in a large number of USCs. These results emphasize the relevance of these novel therapeutic targets for biologic therapy of chemotherapy-resistant recurrent USC.
Sexual identity and religious socialization

This paper looks at religious socialization in specific families and their local schools and churches, in order to examine the roots of gender differentiation in beliefs, attitudes and practice. Christian beliefs and practices were not usually seen by the mothers as relevant to their everyday life, even if they were churchgoers, but were seen as desirable for young children. It was precisely the divorce of Christianity from everyday life that made it a 'natural' part of childhood and naturally outgrown. Church schools providing the aspects of Christianity mothers want for their children are popular, but more specific Christian teaching can lead to fears that children are being 'indoctrinated'. Girls had more positive attitudes towards religion and higher levels of belief than boys, just as their mothers were more interested in religion than their fathers and more likely to attend a church. The mothers' central values of individualism, autonomy and freedom, mitigate against commitment to any Christian denomination and lead them to abhor any attempt to influence their own or their childrens' religiosity above the 'normal' level. As Christianity is puerilized so it becomes the particular province of women who still take the main responsibility for the care of the young children at home, nursery and infant school and Sunday school.
Theorising masculinities and men’s health: A brief history with a view to practice

Abstract Sex comparisons reveal men as more likely than women to die earlier and experience debilitating injury. Historically, this trend has been positioned as somewhat inevitable, an outcome of men’s ‘natural’ biologically charged tendencies for risk-taking and reluctance around help-seeking. More recently, gender research has emerged to describe cultural norms about masculinity and explore their relationships to men’s health and illness practices. Empirically, masculinities and men’s health research has revealed diverse practices that suggest some men’s risky health behaviours are amenable to change. This article provides a brief review of how masculinity has been understood in men’s health research before making recommendations for where we might next go in theorising social constructions of masculinities. Specifically, a vignette drawn from a study examining young men’s responses to the death of a peer is used to illustrate how the communities of practice framework can be applied, and might conceptually advance future masculinities and men’s health research.
Analysis of performance degradation due to non-linearity and phase noise in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing systems

This study presents an exact analysis of circuit non-linearity and phase noise effects on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication systems. Using an analytical approach, the degradation effects of these impairments on the performance of OFDM systems are studied. A truncated power series is used to represent the third-order non-linear behaviour of a radio frequency circuit. The phase noise is modelled with Lorentzian power density function. Then, by use of an expression for interferences and intermodulation terms, a closed-form signal-to-noise degradation relation is theoretically extracted. The analytical results are compared with simulation outcomes. The comparison shows that bit error rate of the analytical results closely matches with simulation results of the OFDM system.
Achieving desired results and improved outcomes: Integrating planning and assessment throughout learning activities

&NA; Most physicians believe that to provide the best possible care to their patients, they must commit to continuous learning. For the most part, it appears the learning activities currently available to physicians do not provide opportunities for meaningful continuous learning. At the same time there have been increasing concerns about the quality of health care, and a variety of groups within organized medicine have proposed approaches to address issues of physician competence and performance. The authors question whether CME will be accepted as a full partner in these new approaches if providers continue to use current approaches to planning and assessing CME. A conceptual model is proposed for planning and assessing continuous learning for physicians that the authors believe will help CME planners address issues of physician competence, physician performance, and patient health status.
Journalism, education and the formation of 'public subjects'

In debates surrounding the role of universities in teaching journalism, a range of critical voices have stressed the importance of moving beyond the limiting frame of an assumed 'industry—academic dichotomy', while some also point to the structural forces that underpin the persistence of this frame. A consideration of such factors suggests that, while this critical move may be laudable, enacting such a shift in practice is likely to require more than simply good intentions or critical moralism. To this end, this article argues for an approach that considers how both educational and media institutions may be defined as key sites in the production of both journalists and audiences as 'public subjects'. Such a framework, it is argued, supports a more critical analysis of the role played by industry, practitioners and universities as active stakeholders in formations of journalistic professionalism, and the manner each are being impacted by trends toward 'professionalization'.
2016 Ieee International Conference on Big Data (big Data) Hidden Markov Based Anomaly Detection for Water Supply Systems

—Considering the fact that fully immunizing critical infrastructure such as water supply or power grid systems against physical and cyberattacks is not feasible, it is crucial for every public or private sector to invigorate the detective, predictive, and preventive mechanisms to minimize the risk of disruptions, resource loss or damage. This paper proposes a methodical approach to situation analysis and anomaly detection in SCADA-based water supply systems. We model normal system behavior as a hierarchy of hidden semi-Markov models, forming the basis for detecting contextual anomalies of interest in SCADA data. Our experimental evaluation on real-world water supply system data emphasizes the efficacy of our method by significantly outperforming baseline methods. I. INTRODUCTION Cyberattacks are becoming increasingly routine. Information security breaches frequently compromise protection of sensitive data and information, exposing personal identities, intellectual property, or financial assets [1] and potentially cause substantial damage that can ruin lives and businesses [2]. Even more troublesome, such attacks often go unnoticed for extended periods of time. Still, things can get a lot worse when cyberattacks target distributed control systems (DCS) essential for operating critical infrastructure on which we all depend in our daily lives, such as water management systems, power grids, and transportation systems. Besides temporal disruption of critical services, sophisticated attacks may cause physical damage to vital system components, and ultimately even threaten human safety. This paper presents a cybersecurity study for a major city in British Columbia, Canada. The study focuses on the municipal drinking-water supply system, specifically the supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) components and interconnecting network for remote monitoring and control of water pumping stations. The primary purpose of the study is to systematically identify and analyze possible vulnerabilities as a step toward enhanced risk awareness and management. In other words, the study addresses situational awareness and the proactive side of cybersecurity rather than the reactive side dealing with emergency response and digital forensics to mitigate the impact of attacks and identify the source [3]. Cyber situational awareness and assessment as discussed here are based on Big Data analytics used for anomaly detection, specifically methods for automatic detection of suspicious