Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changes in heart rate variability of flight phobics during a paced breathing task and exposure to fearful stimuli 1

The aim of this experiment was to explore changes in the vagally mediated heart rate variability (HRV) of flight phobics during exposure to feared stimuli. A paced breathing task was included to control for respiration effects. Sixty-one flight phobics (40 women) with a mean age of 39.07 years (SD = 11.24) participated in the study. The root mean of the squared successive interbeat intervals differences (RMSSD) was taken as the time domain measure of HRV. High frequency (HF: 0.15-0.4 Hz) and 1 Este estudio ha sido financiado por el Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (proyecto BSO2002-03807). 2 Correspondencia: Departament de Psicologia (UIB). Edificio Guillem Cifre de Colonya. Ctra. Valldemossa Km. 7,5. 07122 Palma Mallorca (España). E-Mail: xavier.bornas@uib.es 550 BORNAS et al. Changes in heart rate variability of flight phofics Int J Clin Health Psychol, Vol. 6, No 3 low frequency (LF: 0.04-0.15 Hz) band power was calculated on the ECG recordings obtained during free breathing baseline (BL), paced breathing (PB), and exposure (E) to fearful stimuli. Heart rate unexpectedly increased from BL to PB, and decreased from PB to E, while no differences were found between BL and E. No changes in the RMSSD were seen across conditions. HF band power increased, as expected, from BL to PB, and a significant decrease was found from PB to E. LF band power, as well as the LF/HF ratio, increased from BL to E. Discussion focuses on (a) the role of the parasympathetic and the sympathetic nervous systems in fear-related situations, and (b) the effects of paced breathing in preparing the system to cope with threat.
Association of energy intake and physical activity with overweight among Indonesian children 6-12 years of age.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Indonesia is currently facing double burden malnutrition in children. As overweight and obesity are due to a disturbed energy balance, this study aimed to assess the association of total energy intake and physical activity with the prevalence of overweight among Indonesian children. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN The data used for this analysis were from 1143 children, 6-12 years old, that participated in the South East Asian Nutrition Survey (SEANUTS). Physical activity (PA) was measured using pedometers for 2 consecutive days and was categorized low, moderate and high. Child nutritional status was categorized based on body mass index for age z-scores (BAZ) into normal weight (-2 SD ≤BAZ≤1 SD) or overweight (BAZ >1 SD). Energy intake was calculated from a one day 24 hour recall and compared to the Indonesian recommended dietary allowance (RDA) for energy. RESULTS Children with low PA had higher risk (ODDs 3.4, 95% CI: 2.0, 6.0) of being overweight compared to children who had high PA. Children with moderate PA and energy take >100% RDA had higher risk (ODDs 4.2, 95% CI 1.9, 9.3) of being overweight than children with high PA and energy intakes ≤100% RDA. CONCLUSIONS Low physical activity independently or moderate physical activity and high energy intake are risk factors for Indonesian children to get overweight. Program intervention such as increasing physical activity at school and home is needed to reduce overweight among children.
Resistance of Seven Cabbage Cultivars to Green Peach Aphid (Hemiptera: Aphididae)

Abstract The green peach aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), is an important pest of many crops in the world and a vector of more than 100 plant viruses. It is a major pest of Brassicavegetables such as Chinese cabbage in northern China. Chemical control is extensively used to manage this aphid around the world; however, development of insecticide resistance has been a major obstacle facing growers. Host plant resistance in Chinese cabbage against M. persicae has not been reported yet. In this study, we investigated the resistance categories in seven Chinese cabbage cultivars against M. persicae.The resistance categories of these cultivars included antixenosis, antibiosis, and tolerance related to leaf color and wax content.The cultivar ‘Yuanbao’ had antibiotic and tolerance effects on the aphid.The rate of intrinsic increase (rm) of M. persicae was lower on Yuanbao compared with the other six cultivars. Yuanbao also had the highest antibiosis against the aphid.The aphid preferred ‘Qingan 80’, which had the highest wavelength (green) in leaf color.The highest wax content was found in Yuanbao, which had a significantly negative correlation with the preference of M. persicae.The cabbage cultivar Yuanbao was resistant to M. persicae and could be used in the development of integrated pest management (IPM) programs against the aphid in the field.
THE PRESENCE OF METASTASES IN REGIONAL LYMPH NODES IS ASSOCIATED WITH TUMOR SIZE AND DEPTH OF INVASION IN SPORADIC GASTRIC ADENOCARCINOMA

Background Gastric adenocarcinoma is more often found in men over 50 years in the form of an antral lesion. The tumor has heterogeneous histopathologic features and a poor prognosis (median survival of 15% in five years). Aim To estimate the relationship between the presence of nodal metastasis and other prognostic factors in sporadic gastric adenocarcinoma. Method Were evaluated 164 consecutive cases of gastric adenocarcinoma previously undergone gastrectomy (partial or total), without clinical evidence of distant metastasis, and determined the following variables: topography of the lesion, tumor size, Borrmann macroscopic configuration, histological grade, early or advanced lesions, Lauren histological subtype, presence of signet ring cell, degree of invasion, perigastric lymph node status, angiolymphatic/perineural invasion, and staging. Results Were found 21 early lesions (12.8%) and 143 advanced lesions (87.2%), with a predominance of lesions classified as T3 (n=99/60, 4%) and N1 (n=62/37, 8%). The nodal status was associated with depth of invasion (p<0.001) and tumor size (p<0.001). The staging was related to age (p=0.048), histological grade (p=0.003), and presence of signet ring cells (p = 0.007), angiolymphatic invasion (p = 0.001), and perineural invasion (p=0.003). Conclusion In gastric cancer, lymph node involvement, tumor size and depth of invasion are histopathological data associated with the pattern of growth/tumor spread, suggesting that a wide dissection of perigastric lymph nodes is a fundamental step in the surgical treatment of these patients.
Diagnostic Utility of Wireless Video‐Electroencephalography in Unsedated Dogs

Background Poor agreement between observers on whether an unusual event is a seizure drives the need for a specific diagnostic tool provided by video‐electroencephalography (video‐EEG) in human pediatric epileptology. Objective That successful classification of events would be positively associated with increasing EEG recording length and higher event frequency reported before video‐EEG evaluation; that a novel wireless video‐EEG technique would clarify whether unusual behavioral events were seizures in unsedated dogs. Animals Eighty‐one client‐owned dogs of various breeds undergoing investigation of unusual behavioral events at 4 institutions. Methods Retrospective case series: evaluation of wireless video‐EEG recordings in unsedated dogs performed at 4 institutions. Results Electroencephalography achieved/excluded diagnosis of epilepsy in 58 dogs (72%); 25 dogs confirmed with epileptic seizures based on ictal/interictal epileptiform discharges, and 33 dogs with no EEG abnormalities associated with their target events. As reported frequency of the target events decreased (annually, monthly, weekly, daily, hourly, minutes, seconds), EEG was less likely to achieve diagnosis (P < 0.001). Every increase in event frequency increased the odds of achieving diagnosis by 2.315 (95% confidence interval: 1.36–4.34). EEG recording length (mean = 3.69 hours, range: 0.17–22.5) was not associated (P = 0.2) with the likelihood of achieving a diagnosis. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Wireless video‐EEG in unsedated dogs had a high success for diagnosis of unusual behavioral events. This technique offered a reliable clinical tool to investigate the epileptic origin of behavioral events in dogs.
Analogs of Microgravity : Space Research without Leaving the Planet Effects of short-term exposure to head-down tilt on cerebral hemodynamics : a prospective evaluation of a spaceflight analog using phase-contrast MRI X

X Karina Marshall-Goebel, Khalid Ambarki, Anders Eklund, Jan Malm, Edwin Mulder, Darius Gerlach, X Eric Bershad, and Jörn Rittweger Institute of Aerospace Medicine, German Aerospace Center (DLR), Cologne, Germany; Faculty of Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany; Department of Radiation Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Centre of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Neuroscience, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas; and Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Full-Length Isoforms of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen Accumulate in the Cytoplasm of Cells Undergoing the Lytic Cycle of Replication

ABSTRACT The latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) of the Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) performs a variety of functions to establish and maintain KSHV latency. During latency, LANA localizes to discrete punctate spots in the nucleus, where it tethers viral episomes to cellular chromatin and interacts with nuclear components to regulate cellular and viral gene expression. Using highly sensitive tyramide signal amplification, we determined that LANA localizes to the cytoplasm in different cell types undergoing the lytic cycle of replication after de novo primary infection and after spontaneous, tetradecanoyl phorbol acetate-, or open reading frame 50 (ORF50)/replication transactivator (RTA)-induced activation. We confirmed the presence of cytoplasmic LANA in a subset of cells in lytically active multicentric Castleman disease lesions. The induction of cellular migration by scratch-wounding confluent cell cultures, culturing under subconfluent conditions, or induction of cell differentiation in primary cultures upregulated the number of cells permissive for primary lytic KSHV infection. The induction of lytic replication was characterized by high-level expression of cytoplasmic LANA and nuclear ORF59, a marker of lytic replication. Subcellular fractionation studies revealed the presence of multiple isoforms of LANA in the cytoplasm of ORF50/RTA-activated Vero cells undergoing primary infection. Mass spectrometry analysis demonstrated that cytoplasmic LANA isoforms were full length, containing the N-terminal nuclear localization signal. These results suggest that trafficking of LANA to different subcellular locations is a regulated phenomenon, which allows LANA to interact with cellular components in different compartments during both the latent and the replicative stages of the KSHV life cycle. IMPORTANCE Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) causes AIDS-related malignancies, including lymphomas and Kaposi's sarcoma. KSHV establishes lifelong infections using its latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA). During latency, LANA localizes to the nucleus, where it connects viral and cellular DNA complexes and regulates gene expression, allowing the virus to maintain long-term infections. Our research shows that intact LANA traffics to the cytoplasm of cells undergoing permissive lytic infections and latently infected cells in which the virus is induced to replicate. This suggests that LANA plays important roles in the cytoplasm and nuclear compartments of the cell during different stages of the KSHV life cycle. Determining cytoplasmic function and mechanism for regulation of the nuclear localization of LANA will enhance our understanding of the biology of this virus, leading to therapeutic approaches to eliminate infection and block its pathological effects.
A New Controller for FES-Assisted Sitting Down in Paraplegia

A new control strategy that supports the sitting down phase in FES-assisted standing in paraplegia is proposed. It is an adaptation of a well established closed-loop On/Off controller that uses trajectories within the state space of knee angle and knee angular velocity, but defines a zone between the On and Off sub-spaces for gradual change in the stimulation levels. This new controller has been experimentally tested on two paraplegic patients and it is concluded that compared to the conventional On/Off controller it better controls the lowering of the person toward the seat, by reducing knee-end velocity and handle reaction forces. It has a certain degree of interaction with the user's voluntary effort. Keeping the system simple in respect to the required number of sensors, only the knee angle measurements are required as feedback signal making the strategy simple and, thus, particularly useful for daily standing exercises in home environments.
Existing issues and valid concerns in continuous-flow ventricular assist devices

ABSTRACT Introduction: Through concerted endeavours in the fields of surgery, medicine, and biomedical engineering, patronized by government and industry, ventricular assist devices have become an established surgical treatment to support the failing heart, which could easily and simply surpass the frequency of heart transplantation. Be it as it may, complications and adverse events have unfolded, and these facilitated the way to newer biomedically-engineered pump designs in search of the perfect support for a failing heart. Areas covered: This review focuses on the evolution of the continous-flow ventricular assist device as an accepted mode of treatment in advanced heart failure, as a bridge to myocardial recovery, as a bridge to heart transplantation and as a permanent therapy, with its attendant complications and long-term outcome. Expert commentary: Continuous flow devices offer improved durability, less surgical trauma due to their smaller size, high-energy efficiency, and lower thrombogenicity, regardless of administration of single or dual anti-thrombotic therapy. These benefits translate into better survival, lower frequency of adverse events, improved quality of life and higher functional capacity of patients. Through ceaseless innovations and technology, newer pumps have been developed; however, none has been proven to be superior over the others.
On the Poisson equation for Metropolis–Hastings chains

This paper defines an approximation scheme for a solution of the Poisson equation of a geometrically ergodic Metropolis-Hastings chain $\Phi$. The approximations give rise to a natural sequence of control variates for the ergodic average $S_k(F)=(1/k)\sum_{i=1}^{k} F(\Phi_i)$, where $F$ is the force function in the Poisson equation. The main result of the paper shows that the sequence of the asymptotic variances (in the CLTs for the control-variate estimators) converges to zero. We apply the algorithm to geometrically and non-geometrically ergodic chains and present numerical evidence for a significant variance reduction in both cases.
Active Choice and Financial Incentives to Increase Rates of Screening Colonoscopy-A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Behavioral economic approaches could increase uptake for colorectal cancer screening. We performed a randomized controlled trial of 2245 employees to determine whether an email containing a phone number for scheduling (control), an email with the active choice to opt in or opt out (active choice), or the active choice email plus a $100 incentive (financial incentive) increased colonoscopy completion within 3 months. Higher proportions of participants in the financial incentive group underwent screening (3.7%) than in the control (1.6%) or active choice groups (1.5%) (P = .01 and P < .01). We found no difference in uptake of screening between the active choice and control groups (P = .88). The $100 conditional incentive modestly but significantly increased colonoscopy use. ClinicalTrials.gov no: NCT02660671.
Coastal Flood Assessment Based on Field Debris Measurements and Wave Runup Empirical Model

On 6 December 2010, an extra-tropical storm reached Atlantic Canada, causing coastal flooding due to high water levels being driven toward the north shore of Chaleur Bay. The extent of flooding was identified in the field along the coastline at Maria using DGPS. Using the assumption that the maximum elevation of flooded areas represents the combination of astronomical tide, storm surge and wave runup, which is the maximum elevation reached by the breaking waves on the beach, all flood limits were identified. A flood-zone delineation was performed using GIS and LiDAR data. An empirical formula was used to estimate runup elevation during the flood event. A coastal flood map of the 6 December flood event was made using empirical data and runup calculations according to offshore wave climate simulations. Along the natural beach, results show that estimating runup based on offshore wave data and upper foreshore beach slope represents well the observed flood extent. Where a seawall occupies the beach, wave breaking occurs at the toe of the structure and wave height needs to be considered independently of runup. In both cases (artificial and natural), flood risk is underestimated if storm surge height alone is considered. There is a need to incorporate wave characteristics in order to adequately model potential flood extent. A coastal flooding projection is proposed for Pointe Verte based on total water levels estimated according to wave climate simulation return periods and relative sea-level rise for the Chaleur Bay.
Inferring the Gene Network Underlying the Branching of Tomato Inflorescence

The architecture of tomato inflorescence strongly affects flower production and subsequent crop yield. To understand the genetic activities involved, insight into the underlying network of genes that initiate and control the sympodial growth in the tomato is essential. In this paper, we show how the structure of this network can be derived from available data of the expressions of the involved genes. Our approach starts from employing biological expert knowledge to select the most probable gene candidates behind branching behavior. To find how these genes interact, we develop a stepwise procedure for computational inference of the network structure. Our data consists of expression levels from primary shoot meristems, measured at different developmental stages on three different genotypes of tomato. With the network inferred by our algorithm, we can explain the dynamics corresponding to all three genotypes simultaneously, despite their apparent dissimilarities. We also correctly predict the chronological order of expression peaks for the main hubs in the network. Based on the inferred network, using optimal experimental design criteria, we are able to suggest an informative set of experiments for further investigation of the mechanisms underlying branching behavior.
Ball Response and Traction of Skinned Infields Amended with Calcine Clay at Varying Soil Moisture Contents

The skinned portions of baseball and softball infields vary widely with respect to soil texture, applied amendments and conditioners, and water management. No studies have been reported that quantify the effects of these varying construction and maintenance practices on the playability of the skinned portions of infields. In Connecticut, USA, skinned infield plots were constructed from five different soils (silt loam, loam, coarse sandy loam, loamy sand, loamy coarse sand) and amended with four rates of calcined clay (0, 4.9, 9.8, 19.6 kg m–2) to determine the effects on surface hardness, traction, and ball-to-surface friction (static and dynamic) at varying soil moisture contents (10, 14, and 18%). Bulk density, saturated hydraulic conductivity, and shear strength of the different soil–calcined clay rate combinations were determined. Increasing the rate of calcined clay decreased bulk density and shear strengths, and increased saturated hydraulic conductivity. Surface hardness increased more with coarse-textured soils and increasing calcined clay rate, but decreased more with fine-textured soils and increasing soil moisture. Increasing the calcined clay rate resulted in decreases in ball-to-surface static friction across all soils and decreased dynamic friction with the fine-textured soils. Increases in soil moisture increased friction in all soils. The fine-textured soils had greater traction than the sandy soils, but no consistent calcined clay or moisture effects on traction were observed. Shear strength of the soils was highly correlated with traction and friction. The results suggest that differences in skinned infield soils are quantifiable, which could lead to the development of playing surface standards.
The manual dexterity of nursing students and factors that affect it

Aim. The purpose of this study was to define the manual dexterity of nursing students and factors that affect it. Methodology. The sample for this descriptive and analytical study was composed of 196 nursing students. The data collection tools were a survey and the Purdue pegboard test. Results. The mean dominant hand dexterity score of the students was determined to be 19.16 ± 1.36; non-dominant hand dexterity score, 17.04 ± 1.43; mean both hands dexterity score, 14.58 ± 1.35; mean right hand + left hand + both hands dexterity score, 50.70 ± 4.20; and mean assembly skill score, 38.55 ± 6.02. As a result, manual dexterity of the nursing students is relatively high in the 4th year of their education. Also, the students who have a normal body type, a hobby or have chosen the profession voluntarily have better manual dexterity scores. Conclusion. The results of the present study demonstrate that students should be guided to a hobby and adapted to the profession during nursing education. This study may constitute normative data for future study related to this issue, and may be guiding in the achievement of the objectives of nursing training and provision of a higher quality education.