Personality: Classic Theories and Modern Research

Most chapters conclude with "Summary and Conclusion. " 1.What Is Personality? Personality and Science. Preview of the Perspectives. A Brief History of Personality Psychology. Some Basic Issues: The Unconscious, the Self, Uniqueness, Gender, Situations, Culture. Personality in Context. 2.How is Personality Studied and Assessed? Measuring Personality: The Case of Personal Charisma. Varieties of Personality Measures. How Not to Test Personality. The Ethics of Personality Testing. 3.Psychoanalytic Aspects of Personality. Basic Psychoanalytic Concepts. Psychosexual Development. Male versus Female. Defense Mechanisms. Cross-Cultural Issues. Major Contributions and Limitations of Freudian Psychoanalysis. Modern Developments from Experimental Psychology. 4.Neo-Analytic and Ego Aspects of Personality: Identity. Carl G. Jung and Selfhood. Alfred Adler, the Inferiority Complex, and the Importance of Society. Karen Horney, Culture, and Feminism. Other Bridges from Freud to More Modern Conceptions. Erik Erikson, Life Span Identity, and Identity Crises. Some Modern Approaches to Identity. 5.Biological Aspects of Personality. Genetic Effects through Temperament. Schizophrenia. Homosexuality. Mediated Effects of Biology. Effects from Creation of Environments. Effects from Reactions of Others. Personality and Public Policy. 6.Behaviorist and Learning Aspects of Personality. The Classical Conditioning of Personality. The Origins of Behaviorist Approaches: Watson's Behaviorism. The Radical Behaviorism of B.F. Skinner. Other Learning Approaches to Personality. Evaluation. 7.Cognitive Aspects of Personality. Roots of Cognitive Approaches. Cognitive and Perceptual Mechanisms. Humans as Scientists: George Kelly's Personal Construct Theory. Social Intelligence. Explanatory Style as a Personality Variable. Julian Rotter's Locus of Control Approach. Albert Bandura's Social-Cognitive Learning Theory. Humans as Computers. 8.Trait and Skill Aspects of Personality. The History of Trait Approaches. A Contemporary Trait Approach: The Big Five. Consensus in Personality Judgments. Types. Motives. Expressive Style. Skills. 9.Humanistic and Existential Aspects of Personality. Existentialism. Humanism. Love as a Central Focus of Life: Erich Fromm. Responsibility: Carl Rogers. Anxiety and Dread. Self-Actualization. Further Evaluation of Existential-Humanistic Approaches. 10.Person-Situation Interactionist Aspects of Personality. Harry Stack Sullivan: Interpersonal Psychiatry. Motivation and Goals: Henry Murray. Modern Interactionist Approaches Begin. Implicit Personality Theory. The Power of Situations. Time. Interactions, Emotions, and Development. 11.Male-Female Differences. Do Males and Females Differ? A Brief History of Gender Difference in Personality. Biological Influences on Gender Differences. Gender Differences in Personality from the Eight Perspectives. Cross-Cultural Studies of Gender Differences. Love and Sexual Behavior. 12.Stress, Adjustment, and Health Differences. Disease-Prone Personalities. Personality and Coronary-Proneness. The Human Termites. Blaming the Victim. The Self-Healing Personality. The Influence of Humanistic and Existential Aspects on Understanding of Self-Healing. 13.Cultural and Ethnic Differences. Layers of Group Influence. History of Research on Personality and Culture. Socioeconomic Influences on Personality. Karl Marx and Alienation. Language as a Cultural Influence. Culture and Testing. A More General Model of Personality and Culture. 14.Love and Hate. The Personality of Hate. Explanations of Hate: The Different Perspectives. Evaluation: Hate. The Personality of Love. Where Has Love Gone? 15. Where Will We Find Personality? The Brave New World of Personality. The Eight Perspectives Revisited.