Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatically Recognizing On-ball Screens

The pick and roll is a powerful tool; as former coach Stan Van Gundy once said of his Magic team, "[The pick and roll is] what we're going to be in when the game's on the line. [. ] I don't care how good you are, you can't take away everything" [1]. In today's perimeter oriented NBA, the pick and roll is more important than ever before. The player tracking data that is now being collected across all arenas in the NBA holds out the promise of deepening our understanding of offensive strategies. In this paper we approach part of that problem by introducing a pattern recognition framework for identifying onball screens. We use a machine learning classifier on top of a rule-based algorithm to recognize on-ball screens. Tested on 21 quarters from 14 NBA games from last season our algorithm achieved a sensitivity of 82% and positive predictive value of 80%
Quantum chemical treatment of β-sitosterol molecule

β-Sitosterol is used as a dietary supplement for lowering plasma cholesterol, and has atherosclerosis preventive, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antipyretic, induced apoptosis, and anticancer effects. In order to understand the effect of the molecule we have investigated the molecule theoretically. The structural, vibrational, and electronic properties of the β-sitosterol molecule have been investigated theoretically by performing molecular mechanics (MM+ force field), semiempirical self-consistent-field molecular-orbital (PM3), and density functional theory (B3LYP) calculations. The geometry of the considered molecule has been optimized; the vibrational dynamics and the electronic properties have been calculated in its ground state in the gas phase. The optimized structure of the molecule is not planar, and its heat of formation is exothermic. The calculated infrared spectrum for β-sitosterol agrees well qualitatively with the experimentally determined FTIR spectrum. The interfrontier molecular orbitals are localized mainly on the double C-C bond, and the energy difference of the corresponding orbitals is relatively small, which makes the molecule kinetically stable. According to the calculated dipole moment, β-sitosterol is a polar molecule. The calculated results for the β-sitosterol molecule in the present study will aid in elucidation of the mechanism of action and may further be used in lipid metabolism drug design studies.
Ecological restoration success is higher for natural regeneration than for active restoration in tropical forests

Natural forest recovery is an effective ecological alternative to tree planting in tropical forests under certain conditions. Is active restoration the best approach to achieve ecological restoration success (the return to a reference condition, that is, old-growth forest) when compared to natural regeneration in tropical forests? Our meta-analysis of 133 studies demonstrated that natural regeneration surpasses active restoration in achieving tropical forest restoration success for all three biodiversity groups (plants, birds, and invertebrates) and five measures of vegetation structure (cover, density, litter, biomass, and height) tested. Restoration success for biodiversity and vegetation structure was 34 to 56% and 19 to 56% higher in natural regeneration than in active restoration systems, respectively, after controlling for key biotic and abiotic factors (forest cover, precipitation, time elapsed since restoration started, and past disturbance). Biodiversity responses were based primarily on ecological metrics of abundance and species richness (74%), both of which take far less time to achieve restoration success than similarity and composition. This finding challenges the widely held notion that natural forest regeneration has limited conservation value and that active restoration should be the default ecological restoration strategy. The proposition that active restoration achieves greater restoration success than natural regeneration may have arisen because previous comparisons lacked controls for biotic and abiotic factors; we also did not find any difference between active restoration and natural regeneration outcomes for vegetation structure when we did not control for these factors. Future policy priorities should align the identified patterns of biophysical and ecological conditions where each or both restoration approaches are more successful, cost-effective, and compatible with socioeconomic incentives for tropical forest restoration.
Autologous skin graft, human dura mater and polypropylene mesh for the repair of ventral abdominal hernias: an experimental study.

OBJECTIVE To compare primary repair and grafting with one of two materials (one biological human dura mater, and one synthetic polypropylene mesh) or autologous skin, with primary repair alone in abdominal wall hernias in rats. DESIGN Randomised experiment. SETTING Teaching hospital, Turkey. ANIMALS 72 male Wistar albino rats randomised into 4 groups of 18 rats each. These were further randomly divided into subgroups of 6 each that were killed on days 15, 30,and 45 postoperatively. INTERVENTIONS Each test material was sutured to the abdominal wall by an onlay technique. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Macroscopic and microscopic appearance, and strength of the abdominal wall. RESULTS Macroscopically, dura mater grafts lost their original shape, but polypropylene and skin did not. When completely incorporated the skin grafts had developed a new fascia. Dura mater and polypropylene induced a pronounced inflammatory reaction at all three times postoperatively, and there were significantly more fibroblasts in the dura mater group on days 15 and 30, and in the skin graft group on day 45, than in the other groups (p < 0.05). Mechanical resistance and mean breaking strength were significantly greater in the skin graft group than in the other groups at all times tested (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Full thickness autologous skin grafts were stronger than both human dura mater and polypropylene mesh when used to reinforce primary repairs of abdominal wall hernias in rats.
An Investigation into the Effect of L1 (Persian) Reading Product on the Product and Process of Reading in EGP and ESP

This study investigates the effect of reading product in L1 on EGP and ESP reading product and process. Thirty nine tertiary level students took part in this study. They were divided into two groups of high and low performers based on L1 reading test scores. Then they were given tests of reading in EGP and ESP, which were immediately followed by reading strategies questionnaire as well as an interview as retrospective measures of their reading behavior. Analysis of data evidenced that there was no significant difference between the two L1 reading ability groups in reading process in EGP and ESP as well as the reading product in ESP. But in EGP reading there was a significant difference in the reading product for high and low groups of L1 reading ability. Cook (2007) maintains the cognitive processing of information is slower and less efficient in a foreign language. As the L1 reading product is no good predictor for L2 reading success, it is recommended to get tertiary students more familiar with the L2 code so that they become independent in text processing of different general and specific genres.
Spatial contrast adaptation characteristics of neurones recorded in the cat's visual cortex.

Spatial contrast adaptation, produced by prolonged exposure to high contrast grating patterns, has become an important psychophysical method for isolating spatial and orientation selective channels in the human visual system. It has been reasonably argued that this adaptation may be fundamentally dependent upon the activity of neurones in the striate cortex. To test the validity of this hypothesis, and several others, we measured the general adaptation characteristics of 144 striate neurones using a stimulus protocol comparable to the typical psychophysical methods. In general, during prolonged high contrast stimulation, the responses of most cells exponentially decayed from a transient peak response to a sustained plateau response; following adaptation, the responses to lower contrasts were depressed relative to the unadapted state but then gradually recovered from the transient depression to a sustained plateau. Such adaptation was a property common to both simple and complex cells (the distributions of the quantitative of adaptation were overlapping); there were however small but reliable differences. We compared the neurophysiological contrast adaptation with two psychophysical estimates of human contrast adaptation (threshold contrast elevation and apparent contrast reduction) and found that the time courses and the magnitudes were quite similar. The effect of contrast adaptation on the spatial frequency tuning was assessed by measuring the contrast response function at several different test spatial frequencies before and after adaptation at the optimum centre frequency. We found that the effect of adaptation decreased as the difference between test and adaptation frequency increased. Grating contrast adaptation has been alternatively described as 'constructive gain control' on the one hand and as 'deleterious fatigue' on the other. We tested the effect of contrast adaptation on the contrast response function and found (a) that adaptation shifts the curves vertically downward parallel to the response axis (thus reflecting a decrease in the maximum rate of firing and a deleterious compression of the response range) and (b) that adaptation shifts the curves horizontally to the right parallel to the contrast axis (thus reflecting a true sensitivity shift of the remaining response range for constructive maintenance of high differential sensitivity around the prevailing background level). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Psychiatric Comorbidity in Treatment-Seeking Alcohol Dependence Patients With and Without ADHD

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of ADHD in adult patients treated for alcohol dependence and to analyze the characteristics of consumption and psychiatric comorbidity, in function of a possible ADHD in adulthood. Method: We administered the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) to 726 alcohol-dependent patients. Clinical diagnosis, following Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed., text rev.; DSM-IV-TR) criteria was made in the first four weeks of treatment. A subsample of 297 patients was evaluated using Conners’ Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV (CAADID-II) to test the psychometric properties of ASRS. Results: After analyzing the properties of the ASRS (sensitivity: 83.3%; specificity: 66.1%), the prevalence of ADHD, in the whole sample, was estimated to be 16.2%. Being younger, lifetime history of cocaine dependence and the presence of an affective, anxiety or personality disorder were associated with a possible ADHD. Conclusion: The estimated prevalence of ADHD in patients being treated for alcohol dependence is high, and the presence of a possible ADHD in adulthood is associated with an increase in psychiatric comorbidity.
Miniaturized Tubular Cooling Crystallizer With Solid-Liquid Flow for Process Development

Production of fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals often includes solid-liquid suspension flow. For continuous cooling a tubular crystallizer was designed based on the coiled flow inverter (CFI) concept, providing a narrow residence time distribution (RTD) of the liquid phase. Counter-current cooling allows for a smooth adjustment of the axial temperature profile. Successful operation of up to 50 g min−1 in a prototype with 4 mm inner diameter was scaled down to a tube-in-tube CFI crystallizer (CFIC) with an inner diameter of 1.6 mm and varying length from 7.8 to 54.6 m. This leads to a significantly lower consumption of chemicals in process development with lower total mass flow rates of 15–20 g min−1. Due to modular design, mean residence time (3.8 to 6.9 min) and mean cooling rate (0.6 to 1.4 K·min−1) were varied at constant mass flow rate. Crystallization growth rate and yield are analyzed with the L-alanine/water test system and seed crystals of 125–180 μm.
Nursing habits and early childhood caries in children attending Hospital University Science Malaysia (HUSM)

The habit of nocturnal bottle or breast-feeding has been reported to be a potential cause for early childhood caries (ECC) in very young children. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of ECC in children 2-5 years of age attending out patient clinic HUSM, in relation to the nursing habits. In this cross-sectional study, 90 children were randomly selected to examine their caries status using torch and disposable mirror. Data on mothers’ educational level, nursing habits and oral hygiene practices, were gather by using structured questionnaire. It has been found that 16.7% of subjects were caries free while 83.3% of them had caries with mean dmf score 6 (SD 5.3). With regard to nursing habits, 29% of subjects had breast-feeding alone, 16% had bottle-feeding alone and 55% had both breast and bottle-feeding. Ninety-three percent of children had been nursed beyond 14 months and 47% had been fed with liquids other than breast milk, infant formula or water. Twenty-seven percent of children were allowed to sleep with nursing bottle in mouth and 52% were allowed to sleep with breast nipple in the mouth which shows significantly associated with ECC (p = 0.03). Tooth brushing habit was reported for 91% of children using toothpaste. Mean age of the children (in months) when the mothers started brushing the teeth was 19.1 (SD 10.8) and has significant association with ECC (p < 0.05). This study demonstrates that the habit of allowing infants to sleep with breast nipple in their mouth and the late start of tooth brushing are associated with prevalence of ECC. Educational programs for pregnant women and mothers of young children should be emphasized to enhance the knowledge and awareness of mothers in preventing ECC.
Liquisolid compacts of meloxicam: in-vitro and in-vivo evaluation

Background Meloxicam (MXM) is a poorly soluble drug and its low aqueous solubility leads to poor dissolution and bioavailability. Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of a liquisolid system to improve the dissolution rate and the bioavailability of MXM. Materials and methods The liquisolid compacts were prepared using Avicel PH102 as a carrier material, Aerosil 200 as a coating material, Polyethylene glycol 400 as a liquid vehicle, and sodium starch glycolate as a superdisintegrating agent. The 15 liquisolid compact formulations were prepared by varying drug concentrations in the liquid vehicle. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and powder X-ray diffraction were used to investigate the physicochemical interaction and crystallinity of the drug in the liquisolid compact. MXM compacts were evaluated for uniformity of drug content, tablet hardness, friability, disintegration, and dissolution. An in-vivo study was carried out in male albino rats. The data were presented as mean±SD and were compared using the one-way ANOVA. A P-value less than 0.05 were considered to be significant. Results The liquisolid system of MXM was formulated successfully using Avicel PH102, Aerosil 200, and Polyethylene glycol 200. The results of attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and X-ray diffraction study indicated the existence of hydrogen bonding between drug and excipients and the complete amorphization of MXM. In-vitro evaluation parameters for the liquisolid compact were found to be within the acceptable limits. It was found that optimized liquisolid tablet formulation showed higher dissolution than the marketed tablet, with more than 80% drug release within 10 min. The pharmacokinetic data showed a higher bioavailability of liquisolid compact of MXM compared with the marketed product. Conclusion The liquisolid compact can be a promising alternative for the formulation of water-insoluble drug MXM with improved dissolution and bioavailability.
Guidelines for processing and reporting of prostatic needle biopsies

The reported detection rate of prostate cancer, lesions suspicious for cancer, and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) in needle biopsies is highly variable. In part, technical factors, including the quality of the biopsies, the tissue processing, and histopathological reporting, may account for these differences. It has been thought that standardisation of tissue processing might reduce the observed variations in detection rate. Consensus among the members of the pathology committee of the European Randomised study of Screening for Prostate Cancer (ERSPC) concerning the optimal methodology of tissue embedding resulting in guidelines for prostatic needle biopsy processing was reached. The adoption of an unequivocal and uniform way of reporting lesions encountered in prostatic needle biopsies is considered helpful for decision taking by the clinician. The definition of parameters for quality control of prostatic needle biopsy diagnostics will further facilitate clinical epidemiological multicentre studies of prostate cancer.
In search for relationships between lightning and rainfall

Abstract. The rainfall and lightning activity associated with three depressions which affected the area of Cyprus were studied in order to identify possible relationships between them. The lightning data were provided by the National Observatory of Athens, Greece, and were spatially and statistically related to the corresponding rainfall measurements from the rain gauge network of the Cyprus Meteorological Service. The study was carried out by using a rectangular grid-box methodology and various combinations of lightning and rainfall data filtering and time-lags were tested.
Lysine Nζ-Decarboxylation Switch and Activation of the β-Lactam Sensor Domain of BlaR1 Protein of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus*

The integral membrane protein BlaR1 of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus senses the presence of β-lactam antibiotics in the milieu and transduces the information to the cytoplasm, where the biochemical events that unleash induction of antibiotic resistance mechanisms take place. We report herein by two-dimensional and three-dimensional NMR experiments of the sensor domain of BlaR1 in solution and by determination of an x-ray structure for the apo protein that Lys-392 of the antibiotic-binding site is posttranslationally modified by Nζ-carboxylation. Additional crystallographic and NMR data reveal that on acylation of Ser-389 by antibiotics, Lys-392 experiences Nζ-decarboxylation. This unique process, termed the lysine Nζ-decarboxylation switch, arrests the sensor domain in the activated (“on”) state, necessary for signal transduction and all the subsequent biochemical processes. We present structural information on how this receptor activation process takes place, imparting longevity to the antibiotic-receptor complex that is needed for the induction of the antibiotic-resistant phenotype in methicillin-resistant S. aureus.
PD-1 is a regulator of virus-specific CD8+ T cell survival in HIV infection

Here, we report on the expression of programmed death (PD)-1 on human virus-specific CD8+ T cells and the effect of manipulating signaling through PD-1 on the survival, proliferation, and cytokine function of these cells. PD-1 expression was found to be low on naive CD8+ T cells and increased on memory CD8+ T cells according to antigen specificity. Memory CD8+ T cells specific for poorly controlled chronic persistent virus (HIV) more frequently expressed PD-1 than memory CD8+ T cells specific for well-controlled persistent virus (cytomegalovirus) or acute (vaccinia) viruses. PD-1 expression was independent of maturational markers on memory CD8+ T cells and was not directly associated with an inability to produce cytokines. Importantly, the level of PD-1 surface expression was the primary determinant of apoptosis sensitivity of virus-specific CD8+ T cells. Manipulation of PD-1 led to changes in the ability of the cells to survive and expand, which, over several days, affected the number of cells expressing cytokines. Therefore, PD-1 is a major regulator of apoptosis that can impact the frequency of antiviral T cells in chronic infections such as HIV, and could be manipulated to improve HIV-specific CD8+ T cell numbers, but possibly not all functions in vivo.
Psychosexual Study of Communist Era Hungarian Twins

Our aim in this study is to describe the characteristics of sexual development in twins and estimate the role of heritability and environmental factors as causes of certain sexual disorders. Two hundred and ten adult same-sex twin pairs (92 monozygotic [MZ] female, 41 MZ male, 55 dizygotic [DZ] female and 22 DZ male pairs) were involved in the study. Data were collected in 1982 by self-administered questionnaires that included items on sexual maturation, sexual life, contraception, mutual sexual activity within twin pairs and alcohol use. The ratio of married to unmarried twins was nearly the same in MZs and DZs, with the exception that the divorce rate was higher in MZ female twins (14%), and DZ and male twins were slightly more likely to be single. Menarche was later in twins compared to non-twin Hungarian women. 57% of MZs experienced menarche within 3 months of each other, 77% within 6 months while it occurred for 30% and 43% respectively in DZs. The first seminal emission indicated some delay in male twins compared with the Hungarian general population sample. MZ first kisses occurred later than DZ's first kisses. The same was true for the first petting, masturbation and first sexual intercourse. Anorgasmy is 27% heritable but the estimate is not statistically significant. Concordance rate for premature ejaculation in MZs was greater than in DZs but the structural equation model showed significant misfit. Age at menarche appeared to be strongly heritable.
Validity of Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC): preliminary study.

OBJECTIVE To examine the concurrent and criterion validity of the Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC). METHODS Three groups, comprising 38 mothers of children previously diagnosed with autism (DSM IV-TR, 2002), 43 mothers of children with language disorders other than autism, and 52 mothers of children who had no linguistic or behavioral complaints, were interviewed. In order to minimize the effect of maternal level of education, the questionnaire was completed by the researcher. To determine the concurrent validation, ANOVA and discriminant analysis were used. The ROC curve was used to establish the cutoff score of the sample and to examine the criterion validity. RESULTS The mean total score was significantly higher in the group of mothers of autistic children than in the other groups. The ABC correctly identified 81.6% of the autistic children. The ROC curve cutoff score was 49, and the sensitivity was 92.1%, higher than the 57.89% found when a cutoff score of 68 was used. The specificity was 92.6%, similar to the 94.73% obtained with a cutoff score of 68. CONCLUSIONS The ABC shows promise as an instrument for identifying children with autistic disorders, both in clinical and educational contexts, especially when a cutoff score of 49 is used.