Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A pilot program to address healthy sexual behaviors among girls in juvenile detention.

PURPOSE This pilot study was designed to determine the effectiveness of an intervention on sexual behavior among girls in juvenile detention. METHODS The pre/posttest model assessed for changes in knowledge, attitudes, and reported behaviors. This program merged three curricula to create the unique Young Women Get Real Program with nursing student program facilitators. FINDINGS Despite high levels of satisfaction with the program, the data related to the final sample (n = 35) failed to reveal significant changes in measured variables. CONCLUSIONS The results may inform nurses as they pursue interventions to promote responsible sexual behavior in selected populations.
Multiscale Methods for Elliptic Problems

In this paper we derive a framework for multiscale approximation of elliptic problems on standard and mixed form. The method presented is based on a splitting into coarse and fine scales together with a systematic technique for approximation of the fine scale part, based on the solution of decoupled localized subgrid problems. The fine scale approximation is then used to modify the coarse scale equations. A key feature of the method is that symmetry in the bilinear form is preserved in the discrete system. Other key features are a posteriori error bounds and adaptive algorithms based on these bounds. The adaptive algorithms are used for automatic tuning of the method parameters. In the last part of the paper we present numerical examples where we apply the framework to a problem in oil reservoir simulation.
Components and Functions of Crowdsourcing Systems - A Systematic Literature Review

Many organizations are now starting to introduce crowdsourcing as a new model of business to outsource tasks, which are traditionally performed by a small group of people, to an undefined large workforce. While the utilization of crowdsourcing offers a lot of advantages, the development of the required system carries some risks, which are reduced by establishing a profound theo- retical foundation. Thus, this article strives to gain a better understanding of what crowdsourcing systems are and what typical design aspects are considered in the development of such systems. In this paper, the author conducted a sys- tematic literature review in the domain of crowdsourcing systems. As a result, 17 definitions of crowdsourcing systems were found and categorized into four perspectives: the organizational, the technical, the functional, and the human- centric. In the second part of the results, the author derived and presented com- ponents and functions that are implemented in a crowdsourcing system.
The happiness of teaching (as eudaimonia): disciplinary knowledge and the threat of performativity

In this article the authors explore and critique education and teacher education as disciplines against the backdrop of teaching as a form of human flourishing connected to the virtue of eudaimonia, a kind of happiness. Their concern is with flourishing as a human being who teaches and in teaching expresses and moves toward fulfilling his or her essence or goodness. Questions are raised about how the quest for disciplinary status may negatively affect teacher well‐being by narrowing and flattening what it is teachers do when teaching, thus undermining the very reasons why teachers choose to teach.
The relation of family violence, employment status, welfare benefits, and alcohol drinking in the United States.

OBJECTIVE To examine the contribution of employment status, welfare benefits, alcohol use, and other individual and contextual factors to physical aggression during marital conflict. METHODS Logistic regression models were used to analyze panel data collected in the National Survey of Families and Households in 1987 and 1992. A total of 4,780 married or cohabiting persons reinterviewed in 1992 were included in the analysis. Domestic violence was defined as reporting that both partners were physically violent during arguments. RESULTS Unemployed respondents are not at greater risk of family violence than employed respondents, after alcohol misuse, income, education, age, and other factors are controlled for; however, employed persons receiving welfare benefits are at significantly higher risk. Alcohol misuse, which remains a predictor of violence even after other factors are controlled for, increases the risk of family violence, and satisfaction with social support from family and friends is associated with its decrease. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol misuse has an important effect on domestic violence, and the potential impact of welfare reform on domestic violence needs to be monitored.
Increase in T‐Cell Subsets of Oral Mucosa: a Late Immune Response in Patients with Treated Coeliac Disease? *

Background and aims: In coeliac disease, the gut involvement is gluten‐dependent. Following the introduction of a gluten‐free diet, inflammatory cell infiltration decreases in the small intestinal mucosa. Our hypothesis was that the oral mucosa might mirror the changes found in coeliac disease similarly to the mucosa of the small intestine. Thus, the number of inflammatory cells in the oral mucosa would decrease in patients with coeliac disease on a gluten‐free diet. Methods: The distribution CD45RO+ and CD3+ T cells, T‐cell subpopulations (CD4+ , CD8+ , T‐cell receptor (TCR)αβ+ and TCRγδ+ cells) and HLA DR expression were studied in the buccal mucosa of 15 untreated and 44 gluten‐free diet treated coeliac disease patients, and of 19 controls. All 15 patients with untreated coeliac disease were immunglobulin (Ig)A endomysial antibody positive and all 44 patients on gluten‐free diet except one were endomysial antibody negative, as were all control subjects. Results: Untreated coeliac disease patients did not differ from controls in the densities of CD45RO+ cells, CD3+ cells or of T‐cell subsets. In contrast, in treated coeliac disease patients, a significant increase in the numbers of mast cells, CD3+ and CD4+ lymphocytes was found in the lamina propria of oral mucosa as compared with patients with untreated coeliac disease and controls. The increase in CD3+ T cells was in part owing to an increase in lymphocytes expressing no TCR. No differences were found in the expression of human leucocyte antigen (HLA) DR in the epithelium or in the lamina propria in the patient groups studied or in the controls. In treated coeliac disease patients only a few TCRγδ+ T cells were found intraepithelially and in the lamina propria, but these cells were not detected in the lamina propria of oral mucosa of patients with untreated coeliac disease or in the controls. Conclusions: The infiltration of T cells into oral mucosa was increased in treated coeliac disease patients in spite of adherence to a gluten‐free diet. Because the CD3+ T cell count was higher than those of the TCRαβ+ and TCRγδ+ T cells, there must be other cells involved, probably natural killer (NK) cells. The increase in T‐cell subsets in the treated coeliac disease patients seems not to result from poor dietary compliance, but might occur as a late immune response in coeliac disease and reflect chronic immunologic stimulation followed by regeneration of memory T cells.
Organizational Citizenship and Organizational Justice in Turkish Primary Schools.

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to determine primary school teachers' perceptions regarding organizational citizenship and organizational justice. The study also aims to determine whether such perceptions vary depending on the variables of gender, field of study and seniority, and whether organizational citizenship behaviors and organizational justice are related.Design/methodology/approach – Data were gathered via a survey instrument that incorporated the “Organizational Citizenship Behavior Scale for Schools” (OCB‐Scale) and the “Organizational Justice Scale” (OJS). Findings – It was found that the teachers had positive perceptions regarding organizational citizenship and organizational justice. Their organizational citizenship perceptions did not vary according to gender, field of study and seniority, whereas their organizational justice perceptions varied according to seniority, but not gender and field of study. There was a moderate positive relationship between the teachers' organizational cit.
The Gac-Rsm and SadB Signal Transduction Pathways Converge on AlgU to Downregulate Motility in Pseudomonas fluorescens

Flagella mediated motility in Pseudomonas fluorescens F113 is tightly regulated. We have previously shown that motility is repressed by the GacA/GacS system and by SadB through downregulation of the fleQ gene, encoding the master regulator of the synthesis of flagellar components, including the flagellin FliC. Here we show that both regulatory pathways converge in the regulation of transcription and possibly translation of the algU gene, which encodes a sigma factor. AlgU is required for multiple functions, including the expression of the amrZ gene which encodes a transcriptional repressor of fleQ. Gac regulation of algU occurs during exponential growth and is exerted through the RNA binding proteins RsmA and RsmE but not RsmI. RNA immunoprecipitation assays have shown that the RsmA protein binds to a polycistronic mRNA encoding algU, mucA, mucB and mucD, resulting in lower levels of algU. We propose a model for repression of the synthesis of the flagellar apparatus linking extracellular and intracellular signalling with the levels of AlgU and a new physiological role for the Gac system in the downregulation of flagella biosynthesis during exponential growth.
Women's academic careers in technology: a comparative European perspective

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present some outcomes of the PROMETEA research project funded by the European Union under FP6 from 2005 to 2007 (see www.prometea.info). PROMETEA is a strongly multidisciplinary and collaborative project involving 17 research teams from 13 different countries.Design/methodology/approach – The paper combines existing knowledge with new in‐depth pilot studies on women academics in engineering and technology, linked to qualitative research work on the experiences of both women and men working in this field, using cross‐comparison as a research strategy.Findings – The paper identifies different issues for further investigations on women researchers in engineering and technology.Originality/value – The paper focuses on comparative perspectives between countries, disciplines or research topics, age groups, academic and industrial research career paths, etc. The similarity and diversity of academic settings are discussed with an emphasis on the impact of the changing env.
Occurrence of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Donkeys (Equus asinus) in China: A Public Health Concern

Enterocytozoon bieneusi is an important zoonotic parasite. It can infect virtually all animal species and has a global distribution. However, the prevalence of E. bieneusi in donkeys (Equus asinus) has only been reported in Algeria and Spain, and no information is available concerning genotypes of E. bieneusi in donkeys worldwide. In the present study, a total of 301 donkey fecal samples (48 from Jilin Province, 224 from Shandong Province and 29 from Liaoning Province) were collected and examined by PCR amplification of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region. The overall E. bieneusi prevalence was 5.3% (16/301), with 6.3% (3/48) in Jilin Province, 4.9% (11/224) in Shandong Province, and 6.9% (2/29) in Liaoning Province. Prevalence in different age groups ranged from 4.2 to 5.5%. E. bieneusi prevalence in donkeys sampled in different seasons varied from 4.2 to 6.5%. Altogether, four E. bieneusi genotypes were identified in this study, with two known genotypes (J and D) and two novel genotypes (NCD-1and NCD-2). Phylogenetic analysis revealed that genotypes D, NCD-1 and NCD-2 belonged to group 1, while the remaining genotype J was clustered into group 2. These findings revealed the occurrence of E. bieneusi in donkeys in China for the first time. Moreover, the present study also firstly genotyped the E. bieneusi in donkeys worldwide. These findings extend the distribution of E. bieneusi genotypes and provide baseline data for controlling E. bieneusi infection in donkeys, other animals and humans.
Training employees of a public Iranian bank on emotional intelligence competencies

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the possibility of developing emotional intelligence (EI) as conceptualized in Boyatzis et al.'s competency model.Design/methodology/approach – Designing a context‐based EI training program, the study utilized a sample of 68 fully‐employed members of five branches of a public bank in Iran; each branch underwent an eight‐week (each session 120 minutes) EI training program. Pre‐ and post‐tests were conducted to assess EI development using emotional competence inventory (ECI‐2), a 360‐degree measurement tool.Findings – Only one EI cluster out of four improved significantly and only some of the specific dimensions showed this significant improvement, while others did not have a clear change and even some self assessments deteriorated.Research limitations/implications – Lack of a control group, small sample size, and short training program are the main limitations of this study.Practical implications – Detailed explanation of the method could be a guide for ser.
Short-day effects of melatonin on luteinizing hormone secretion in the ewe: evidence for central sites of action in the mediobasal hypothalamus.

Experiments were designed to localize the central sites of action of melatonin involved in the control of seasonal reproduction. Ewes were exposed to long days and received microimplants of melatonin in the preoptic area (n = 9), anterior hypothalamus (n = 4), dorsolateral hypothalamus (n = 4), or mediobasal hypothalamus (n = 12). The effects of implants were determined by comparison with control ewes (untreated or sham-operated, n = 10) and with ewes treated with an s.c. implant of melatonin (n = 8) or ewes subjected to short days (n = 8). All ewes were ovariectomized and treated s.c. with a silastic capsule of estradiol. Melatonin released in the preoptic area as well as in the anterior and lateral hypothalamus did not cause any difference as compared with the controls (no stimulation of LH secretion and no inhibition of prolactin secretion). In contrast, melatonin implanted in the mediobasal hypothalamus caused an increase in LH secretion in 7 of the 12 ewes on Day 53.0 +/- 4.2 after implantation (mean +/- SEM). Their response was not different compared with that of ewes treated s.c. with melatonin or exposed to short days either in terms of timing (Day 56.3 +/- 6.2 and 59.5 +/- 3.1, respectively, for controls) or of amplitude of the LH response. Similarly, melatonin caused only a reduction of prolactin secretion in the mediobasal, s.c. , and short-day groups. It is concluded that the mediobasal hypothalamus or the surrounding tissues could be the sites of action of melatonin involved in the control of seasonal reproduction.
Advertisements: interpreting images used to sell to young adults

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to identify images used in advertising directed toward young adults, investigate what young adults thought of these images, and explore how young adults used these images.Design/methodology/approach – A content analysis of 674 apparel and cosmetic advertisements located in four fashion magazines (Elle Girl, Seventeen, YM, and TeenVogue) resulted in eight categories. Participants (n=32) viewed advertisements representative of the categories and answered questions related to their thoughts about the model depicted in the advertisement and their use of the images.Findings – Participants' used the models as a point of comparison. Participants primarily commented on their own weight relative to the thin models and expressed a need to lose weight to appear like them. With two categories of advertisements depicting average weight models participants noted that the model appeared realistic. However, they did not draw comparisons between themselves and these models.Research l.
Severe Dysosmia Is Specifically Associated with Alzheimer-Like Memory Deficits in Nondemented Elderly Retirees

Objectives: To determine whether or not (1) impaired olfactory function is associated with impaired memory on neuropsychological testing in healthy retirees, and if so then (2) whether memory impairment is most consistent with a mesiotemporal rather than frontal system disorder. Methods: 173 independent residents of a continuing care retirement community were studied. Subjects completed the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT) and a battery of both general and specific cognitive measures that included the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Executive Interview (EXIT25). Subjects were examined twice over 3 years. Results: UPSIT performance was normal in 21% and in the ‘anosmic’ range in 25% of subjects. Anosmic UPSIT performance was associated with significantly worse performance on all cognitive tests. However, only short-term verbal memory was independently associated with UPSIT-defined anosmia. This association remained significant after adjusting for the other cognitive and sociodemographic variables. The memory deficits of anosmic subjects were qualitatively consistent with a cortical type (type 1) dementing illness such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Over time, UPSIT-defined ‘anosmic’ cases suffered significantly greater declines on both the MMSE and the EXIT25, independently of baseline age, gender and MMSE score. Conclusions: Impaired odor identification in individuals without overt dementia is associated with an AD-like memory impairment and an increased rate of cognitive decline. The comorbid association of these deficits is consistent with the known hierarchical spread of preclinical AD pathology and may be a specific indicator of future clinical AD dementia.
Orbitoblepharophimosis Syndrome: A 16‐Year Perspective

&NA; The orbitoblepharophimosis syndrome is a congenital malformation of the orbitopalpebral region. It is an autosomal‐dominant condition typified by palpebral and orbital phimosis, ptosis, epicanthus inversus with telecanthus, and enophthalmia. It has three forms: minor, major, and extreme. It is a rare malformation affecting both sexes. The gene responsible is 3q21‐24. Surgical treatment involves three to four operations: orbital remodeling by burring and grafting (intraorbital and extraorbital), epicanthus correction, and ptosis operation. Results varied depending on the severity of the form and the quality of the tissues. The authors present a series of 50 patients who were treated for this syndrome over the past 16 years. (Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 111: 987, 2003.)
Sex Differences in the Neural Correlates of Specific and General Autobiographical Memory

Autobiographical memory (AM) underlies the formation and temporal continuity over time of personal identity. The few studies on sex-related differences in AM suggest that men and women adopt different cognitive or emotional strategies when retrieving AMs. However, none of the previous works has taken into account the distinction between episodic autobiographical memory (EAM), consisting in the retrieval of specific events by means of mental time travel, and semantic autobiographical memory (SAM), which stores general personal events. Thus, it remains unclear whether differences in these strategies depend on the nature of the memory content to be retrieved. In the present study we employed functional MRI to examine brain activity underlying potential sex differences in EAM and SAM retrieval focusing on the differences in strategies related to the emotional aspects of memories while controlling for basic cognitive strategies. On the behavioral level, there was no significant sex difference in memory performances or subjective feature ratings of either type of AM. Activations common to men and women during AM retrieval were observed in a typical bilateral network comprising medial and lateral temporal regions, precuneus, occipital cortex as well as prefrontal cortex. Contrast analyses revealed that there was no difference between men and women in the EAM condition. In the SAM condition, women showed an increased activity, compared to men, in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, inferior parietal and precentral gyrus. Overall, these findings suggest that differential neural activations reflect sex-specific strategies related to emotional aspects of AMs, particularly regarding SAM. We propose that this pattern of activation during SAM retrieval reflects the cognitive cost linked to emotion regulation strategies recruited by women compared to men. These sex-related differences have interesting implications for understanding psychiatric disorders with differential sex prevalence and in which one of key features is overgenerality in AM.
Notions of self: lived realities of children with disabilities

To research children’s notions of self, semi‐structured interviews, drawings and focused group discussions were used with 14 children with mobility ‘impairments’ aged 11–16 years. The objective was to capture children’s ‘lived realities’. Findings illuminated immense variation and fluidity in children’s understanding of ‘disability’. Children desired to appear similar to ‘non‐disabled’ children. Most attributed ‘disability’ to existential causes. Parents’ ambivalent attitudes and societal reactions to ‘disabled’ children are discussed. The study points out the unremitting hope and potential of these children, which is often silenced by the overarching ‘negativism’ that surrounds ‘disability’.
A New Multilevel Inverter Topology With Self-Balancing Level Doubling Network

A new multilevel inverter (MLI) topology is proposed using a level doubling network (LDN). The LDN takes the form of a half-bridge inverter to almost double the number of output voltage levels. The concept (of the proposed LDN) has the capability of self-balancing during positive and negative cycles without any closed-loop control/algorithm, and it does not consume or supply any power. The topology uses a symmetric cascaded H-bridge MLI but offers an equivalent performance of an asymmetric topology in terms of the number of levels. Also, it maintains the merit of uniform loading of the individual cell for a symmetric MLI. The topology is implemented by connecting only a three-arm H-bridge (only two switches per phase) with the entire three-phase inverter to double the number of levels. Thus, it significantly improves the power quality, reduces the switching frequency, and reduces the cost and size of the power filter. Operation of the circuit is verified by simulation result and experiments from a laboratory prototype.