Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Stated Willingness to Pay for Public Goods: A Psychological Perspective

In the contingent valuation method for the valuation of public goods, survey respondents are asked to indicate the amount they are willing to pay (WTP) for the provision of a good. We contrast economic and psychological analyses of WTP and describe a study in which respondents indicated their WTP to prevent or to remedy threats to public health or to the environment, attributed either to human or to natural causes. WTP was significantly higher when the cause of a harm was human, though the effect was not large. The means of WTP for 16 issues were highly correlated with the means of other measures of attitude, including a simple rating of the importance of the threat. The responses are better described as expressions of attitudes than as indications of economic value, contrary to the assumptions of the contingent valuation method.
Magnesium enrichment and distribution in plants

Food products enriched with stable isotopes are used in nutrition to study the metabolic fate of nutrients in humans. This study reports on the labeling of green beans, white beans, soybeans and wheat with a stable isotope of magnesium (25Mg) obtained in greenhouse conditions for further studies on magnesium bioavailability. Soybean and green bean are the most efficient plant species to obtain large amounts of edible parts rapidly with a minimum loss of labeled Mg in other parts of the plants. The results obtained showed that a relatively high percentage of the magnesium found in seeds (grains/beans) can come from the redistribution of magnesium previously accumulated in other organs.
Job Matching: An Interdisciplinary Scoping Study With Implications for Vocational Rehabilitation Counseling

Purpose: Matching a person’s capabilities and characteristics with the demands and characteristics of their job is crucial for sustainable employment, in particular for persons with disabilities. The present study aims to summarize and synthesize conceptual and empirical knowledge on job matching (JM) from industrial and organizational psychology (IOP), vocational psychology (VP), and return to work (RTW) research. Research Method: We conducted a scoping study applying Arksey and O’Malley’s (2005) framework and using eight electronic databases from psychology, economics, and medicine. The literature search covered studies in English and German published between 1945 and 2015. Results: A total of 312 studies were selected and analyzed. Of these, 205 were assigned to IOP, 45 to VP, 31 to both IOP and VP, and 17 to RTW research. Fourteen studies were allocated to both RTW and VP research, representing the field of vocational rehabilitation counseling. IOP and VP studies predominantly investigated the effects of JM on work-related outcomes, such as job satisfaction, tenure, or career development. RTW research focused on the development of mainly generic JM tools for job placement of persons with disabilities. Limited cross-fertilization between IOP and VP and the RTW context became evident. Conclusions: Unlike in IOP and VP, there is a dearth of JM research in the RTW context. Integrating the broad organizational and occupational JM knowledge from IOP and VP with the biopsychosocial framework of RTW could provide a sound basis for developing JM applications in vocational rehabilitation counseling that promote sustainable work reintegration of persons with disabilities.
Post‐Transplant Lymphoproliferative Disorders Occurring After Renal Transplantation in Adults: Report of 230 Cases From the French Registry

Post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLD) are a rare but serious complication after organ transplantation. A French Registry of PTLD was set up in a nationwide population of kidney transplant recipients. We prospectively enrolled all adult kidney recipients developing PTLD between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2003. We analyzed the incidence, risk and prognostic factors of PTLD by Kaplan‐Meier and Cox analyses. Totally 230 cases of PTLD were referred to the French Registry. Cumulative incidence was 1.18% after 5 years. Older age (per year, AHR = 2.19, CI = 1.22–3.94) and recipient Epstein‐Barr virus seronegativity (AHR = 3.01, CI = 1.57–5.08) were associated with an increased risk of PTLD. Patients with PTLD had a reduced survival rate (61% at 5 years). Graft PTLD had the best prognosis with an 81% survival rate after 5 years. Infection with hepatitis C or B virus (HCV or HBV), late‐onset PTLD, multiple sites involvement and high Ann Arbor staging were risk factors for patient death. Use of azathioprine was associated with a poorer survival rate. PTLD incidence and risk factors in French recipients are in line with the international or American PTLD series. We highlighted the role of HBV or HCV in patient mortality and described the relevant prognosis factors for patients with post‐transplant lymphoproliferations.
Ultimate Scaling of High-κ Gate Dielectrics: Higher-κ or Interfacial Layer Scavenging?

Current status and challenges of aggressive equivalent-oxide-thickness (EOT) scaling of high-κ gate dielectrics via higher-κ (>20) materials and interfacial layer (IL) scavenging techniques are reviewed. La-based higher-κ materials show aggressive EOT scaling (0.5–0.8 nm), but with effective workfunction (EWF) values suitable only for n-type field-effect-transistor (FET). Further exploration for p-type FET-compatible higher-κ materials is needed. Meanwhile, IL scavenging is a promising approach to extend Hf-based high-κ dielectrics to future nodes. Remote IL scavenging techniques enable EOT scaling below 0.5 nm. Mobility-EOT trends in the literature suggest that short-channel performance improvement is attainable with aggressive EOT scaling via IL scavenging or La-silicate formation. However, extreme IL scaling (e.g., zero-IL) is accompanied by loss of EWF control and with severe penalty in reliability. Therefore, highly precise IL thickness control in an ultra-thin IL regime (<0.5 nm) will be the key technology to satisfy both performance and reliability requirements for future CMOS devices.
A influência da cultura e do julgamento profissional sobre a contabilidade: uma análise sob o ponto de vista dos preparadores da informação em Portugal

The standards issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (Iasb) are based on principles, which delegate decisions on accounting matters to professional judgment, based on the concepts existing in those standards, with implications for financial reporting. The objective in this study is to analyze the influence of culture on professional judgment, through the analysis of the existence of significant differences in the decisions about the disclosure or recognition of liabilities and assets, as well as to validate (or not) the classification Gray (1988) attributed to Portugal concerning the accounting values of conservatism and secrecy. In that sense, the concepts established in Accounting and Financial Reporting Standard (NCRF) 21, entitled Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets. Based on the distribution of a questionnaire to the information preparers, which resulted in a sample of 408 professionals, it could be identified through the use of bivariate statistical techniques that there are significant differences in the professionals’ perception of asset and liability disclosure and recognition, revealing a stronger trend towards the disclosure or recognition of liabilities. Concerning conservatism and secrecy, using multivariate statistical techniques, a higher level of conservatism could be verified as an accounting value in Portugal, as well as the existence of an association between conservatism and secrecy. This study attracts standardizing entities’ attention to the importance of aspects related to the information disclosed in the financial statements, particularly regarding the professional judgment.
Volunteering with Newcomers: The Perspectives of Canadian- and Foreign-born Volunteers

ABSTRACT Canadian- and foreign-born volunteers have contributed to the settlement of newcomers into Canadian society. Despite their important contribution, little has been reported about the experiences and perspectives of these volunteers. Using the information collected from face-to-face interviews with 60 Canadian- and foreign-born volunteers who support newcomers, this article discusses factors that motivate people to volunteer with newcomers. The study results revealed among other findings that (1) to become a volunteer, one not only needs to be motivated but also needs to believe that volunteering will produce the expected positive results and to have confidence in one’s ability to complete the assigned tasks, (2) once people become volunteers, the experience of volunteering tests their perceived self-efficacy and their belief about the effectiveness of their volunteer work. Success or failure in their expectations influences their decision to continue or discontinue their volunteer work. RESUME De nombreux benevoles nes au Canada et a l’etranger contribuent a l’integration de nouveaux venus dans la societe canadienne. Malgre leurs contributions importantes, il y a peu d’ecrits sur les experiences et perspectives de ces benevoles. Cet article se fonde sur des entrevues face a face avec soixante benevoles nes au Canada ou a l’etranger afin de mieux comprendre ce qui les motive a aider les nouveaux venus. Les resultats revelent entre autres que (1) pour devenir benevole, non seulement faut-il etre motive mais il faut aussi croire que le benevolat entrainera bien les effets positifs escomptes et etre confiant de son aptitude a accomplir les tâches assignees et (2) l’experience du benevolat met a l’epreuve la perception de sa propre efficacite et l’impression qu’on a de la valeur de son travail benevole. Le succes ou l’echec de ces attentes a une influence sur la decision de continuer a faire du benevolat ou non.
From Sparse Solutions of Systems of Equations to Sparse Modeling of Signals and Images

A full-rank matrix ${\bf A}\in \mathbb{R}^{n\times m}$ with $n<m$ generates an underdetermined system of linear equations ${\bf Ax} = {\bf b}$ having infinitely many solutions. Suppose we seek the sparsest solution, i.e., the one with the fewest nonzero entries. Can it ever be unique? If so, when? As optimization of sparsity is combinatorial in nature, are there efficient methods for finding the sparsest solution? These questions have been answered positively and constructively in recent years, exposing a wide variety of surprising phenomena, in particular the existence of easily verifiable conditions under which optimally sparse solutions can be found by concrete, effective computational methods. Such theoretical results inspire a bold perspective on some important practical problems in signal and image processing. Several well-known signal and image processing problems can be cast as demanding solutions of undetermined systems of equations. Such problems have previously seemed, to many, intractable, but there is considerable evidence that these problems often have sparse solutions. Hence, advances in finding sparse solutions to underdetermined systems have energized research on such signal and image processing problems—to striking effect. In this paper we review the theoretical results on sparse solutions of linear systems, empirical results on sparse modeling of signals and images, and recent applications in inverse problems and compression in image processing. This work lies at the intersection of signal processing and applied mathematics, and arose initially from the wavelets and harmonic analysis research communities. The aim of this paper is to introduce a few key notions and applications connected to sparsity, targeting newcomers interested in either the mathematical aspects of this area or its applications.
The style of communication is decisive! results of different kinds of relationships with innovation averse customers when launching new products

The communication of “something new and unknown” requires an innovative approach to reach not only those people affine towards innovations anyway but also those innovations averse. This challenge needs highly sensible communication. Trust is able to reduce uncertainties of the customers as well as increase the disposition to buy. Therefore the question arises of how trustful communication should be designed in order to stabilise trust of late followers in the long run and therefore supporting the introduction of new products to the market. This paper calls for a complex experiment design due to its “pioneer nature”. A multitude of expert interviews is being followed by a multistage empirical analysis on the basis of 490 returned questionnaires, identifying two types of innovation averse persons, based on their attitude towards trust (averse or affine). Therefore this study develops an interdisciplinary approach representing an entirely new research field, showing the effect of the correct use of trustful communication on the adoption of new products by innovation averse customers. Here, persons averse to innovation and trust prefer primary information instead of interactivity with the partner (preference of people affine towards trust). Concrete implications for business management are given at the end of the paper.
L-Glutamate Supplementation Improves Small Intestinal Architecture and Enhances the Expressions of Jejunal Mucosa Amino Acid Receptors and Transporters in Weaning Piglets

L-Glutamate is a major oxidative fuel for the small intestine. However, few studies have demonstrated the effect of L-glutamate on the intestinal architecture and signaling of amino acids in the small intestine. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary L-glutamate supplementation on the intestinal architecture and expressions of jejunal mucosa amino acid receptors and transporters in weaning piglets. A total of 120 weaning piglets aged 35±1 days with an average body weight at 8.91±0.45 kg were randomly allocated to two treatments with six replicates of ten piglets each, fed with diets containing 1.21% alanine, or 2% L-glutamate. L-Glutamate supplementation increased the activity of glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT) in the jejunal mucosa. Also, the mRNA expression level of jejunal mucosa glutamine synthetase (GS) was increased by L-glutamate supplementation. The height of villi in duodenal and jejunal segments, and the relative mRNA expression of occludin and zonula occludens protein-1 (ZO-1) in jejunal mucosa were increased by dietary L-glutamate supplementation. L-Glutamate supplementation increased plasma concentrations of glutamate, arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine, phenylalanine and threonine. L-Glutamate supplementation also increased the relative mRNA expression of the jejunal mucosa Ca2+-sensing receptor (CaR), metabotropic glutamate receptor 1 (mGluR1) and metabotropic glutamate receptor 4 (mGluR4), and neutral amino acid transporter B0-like (SLC1A5) in the jejunal mucosa. These findings suggest that dietary addition of 2% L-glutamate improves the intestinal integrity and influences the expression of amino acid receptors and transporters in the jejunum of weaning, which is beneficial for the improvement of jejunal nutrients for digestion and absorption.
The Influence of Agreeableness and Ego Depletion on Emotional Responding.

OBJECTIVE Agreeable individuals report more intense withdrawal-oriented negative emotions across aversive situations. Two studies tested the hypothesis that self-regulatory depletion (i.e., ego depletion) moderates the relationship between trait Agreeableness and negative emotional responding. METHOD Ego depletion was manipulated using a writing task. Emotional responding was measured with startle eye-blink responses (Study 1, N = 71) and self-reported valence, arousal, and empathic concern (Study 2, N = 256) during emotional picture viewing. Trait Agreeableness was measured using a questionnaire. RESULTS In Study 1, Agreeableness predicted especially large startle responses during aversive images and especially small startles during appetitive images. After exercising self-control, the relationship between startle magnitudes and Agreeableness decreased. In Study 2, Agreeableness predicted more empathic concern for aversive images, which in turn predicted heightened self-reported negative emotions. After exercising self-control, the relationship between Agreeableness and empathic concern decreased. CONCLUSIONS Agreeable individuals exhibit heightened negative emotional responding. Ego depletion reduced the link between Agreeableness and negative emotional responding in Study 1 and moderated the indirect effect of Agreeableness on negative emotional responding via empathic concern in Study 2. Empathic concern appears to be a resource-intensive process underlying heightened responding to aversive stimuli among agreeable persons.
The Impact of Prison Adjustment Among Women Offenders

Pre-prison experiences and environmental influences were examined to determine the effects of institutional misconduct and symptoms of depression related to adjustment in Taiwan’s women’s prisons. Using self-reported survey data derived from 883 Taiwanese female inmates, the findings suggest that pre-prison victimization, imprisonment stress, and social support from family members all had statistically significant effects on adjustment to life in prison. Although deviance prior to prison was highly related to institutional misconduct, reported illnesses also significantly increased the level of symptoms associated with depression. Lower levels of institutional misconduct were reported by women who committed drug offenses compared with their counterparts who committed violent offenses. The article concludes with insights from a comparative perspective and public policy implications.
Adsorption of Cadmium (II) and Mercury (II) onto Natural Adsorbent Rice Husk Ash (RHA) from Aqueous Solutions: Study in Single and Binary System

The present study deals with the competitive adsorption of cadmium (Cd(II)) and mercury (Hg(II)) ions onto rice husk ash (RHA) from single component and binary systems. Equilibrium adsorption is affected by the initial pH (pH0) of the solution. The pH0 ≈ 6.0 is found to be the optimum for the individual removal of Cd(II) and Hg(II) ions by RHA. The pH of the system, however, increases during the initial sorption process for about 60 min and, thereafter, it remains constant. The equilibrium adsorption data were obtained at different initial concentrations (C0 = 10–100 mg/l), 6 h contact time, 25 °C temperature, RHA dosage of 10 g/l at pH0 6. The single ion equilibrium adsorption data were fitted to the non-competitive Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models. The Freundlich models represent the equilibrium data better than the Langmuir model in the studied initial metal concentration range (10– 100 mg/l). The adsorption capacity of Cd(II) is higher than that for Hg(II) for the binary metal solutions and is in agreement with the single-component adsorption data. The equilibrium metal removal decreases with increasing concentrations of the other metal ion and the combined action of Hg(II) and Cd(II) ions on RHA is generally found to be antagonistic. Equilibrium isotherms for the binary adsorption of Cd(II) and Hg(II) ions onto RHA have been analyzed by using Langmuir and Freundlich models. Desorption with various solvents showed that the nitric acid is the best solvent; the maximum elution being about 28.41 % for Cd(II) and about 31.53 for Hg(II). [A.G. El-Said, N.A. Badawy, and S.E. Garamon. Adsorption of Cadmium (II) and Mercury (II) onto Natural Adsorbent Rice Husk Ash (RHA) from Aqueous Solutions: Study in Single and Binary System.
Impact of non‐congestive graft size in living donor liver transplantation: New indicator for additional vein reconstruction in right liver graft

Addition of the middle hepatic vein (MHV) or reconstruction of its tributaries to increase noncongestive graft volume is expected to improve graft function in right liver living donor liver transplantation (LDLT). However, the relationship between noncongestive graft volume and graft function after transplantation has not been clarified and definitive criteria for the reconstruction of MHV tributaries have yet to be established. We analyzed 29 right liver LDLT cases. The noncongestive graft weight was calculated as the total weight of the graft regions drained by hepatic veins reconstructed without postoperative occlusion. We calculated the noncongestive graft‐to‐recipient weight ratio (ncGRWR) by comparing it to the GRWR. Indocyanine green (ICG) clearance results on days 1 and 3 were significantly correlated with ncGRWR, but not with GRWR. Patients were then divided into 2 groups based on ncGRWR: lower than the median (L‐ncGRWR group) and above the median (H‐ncGRWR group). ICG clearance in the H‐ncGRWR group was significantly better on days 1 and 3. For a different analysis, the patients were again divided into 2 groups, those with and without prolonged cholestasis after transplantation. ncGRWR was significantly lower in patients with prolonged cholestasis, and 7 of 9 patients with an ncGRWR value lower than 0.65 suffered from prolonged cholestasis. Our results demonstrated that the noncongestive volume of a right liver graft has a significant association with early graft function. Further, ncGRWR can play a key role in preoperative determination for additional vein reconstruction of MHV tributaries. When the estimated ncGRWR value with reconstruction of only the right hepatic vein (RHV) (+ inferior right hepatic vein [IRHV]) is less than 0.65, additional vein reconstruction of MHV tributaries should be planned. Liver Transpl 13:1295–1301, 2007. © 2007 AASLD.
Weakenings and Repairs of the Working Alliance in Short-Term Psychotherapy

The purpose of this study was to investigate how the weakening and repair of the working alliance in short-term psychotherapies relate to change in therapy. In six short-term, timelimited therapies, weakenings and repairs were identified with a unitized process ratings scale. Though the data must be considered preliminary, interesting relations emerged. Patients with greater ego strength had a higher initial quality of alliance with their therapist and were better able to work to repair any weakenings. These patients also exhibited a growing use of observing ego in their increasing ability to initiate talk about weakenings. Highest levels of patient alliance were preceded by high levels of therapist repair action. The success with which weakenings and repairs were handled was predictive of the general outcome of therapy. Surprisingly, more frequent interpretations of transference allusions were associated with poor outcome. The working alliance is defined as the relatively nonneurotic, rational rapport between the patient's observing ego and the analyst's analyzing ego. An essential aspect of this alliance is the ability to split one's observing ego from one's experiencing ego, and to ally the observing ego with the therapist's analytic stance (Dickes, 1975; Freud, 1933; Sterba, 1934; Zetzel, 1956). The ability to form and maintain a working alliance is related to the soundness of a person's object relations or psychological health (Dickes, 1975; Greenson, 1965; Ryan, 1973; Zetzel, 1956). Development of the alliance is benefited by active therapist participation in fostering the alliance (Greenson, 1965; Lehrke, 1978; Sterba, 1934), and is diminished by resistances. However, analysis of resistance can strengthen the development of the alliance (Sandier, Dare, & Holder, 1973). The strength of the alliance should be expected to vary over the course of any given therapy. Bordin (1976, 1980) proposed the idea that psychotherapy was best understood as the building and repair of a strong working alliance. He viewed this building and repair as the mutual resolution of difficulties in working together, and considered it to be the process that allowed change to occur. In this context, the building and repair of the alliance