Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities of Salvia fruticosa: An HPLC Determination of Phenolic Contents

Objectives. Salvia fruticosa Mill. (S. fruticosa) is widely used in folk medicine. Accordingly, the present study was designed to evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of S. fruticosa, and to determine the phenolic constituents of its extracts. Methods. The antioxidant activity was determined using 2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl assay. Total phenolic contents were estimated using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent, and high-performance liquid chromatography was performed to identify phenolic constituents. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity, carrageenan-induced mouse paw edema was determined plethysmographically. Key Findings. Different plant extracts demonstrated strong radical scavenging activity, where the ethyl acetate extract had the highest value in the roots and the lowest in the aerial parts. This antioxidant activity was correlated to the total phenolic content of different extracts, where rutin and luteolin were the most abundant constituents. Interestingly, both the roots and aerial parts revealed a significant anti-inflammatory activity comparable to diclofenac. Conclusions. This study is the first to demonstrate pharmacologic evidence of the potential anti-inflammatory activity of S. fruticosa. This activity may partly be due to the radical scavenging effects of its polyphenolic contents. These findings warrant the popular use of the East Mediterranean sage and highlight the potential of its active constituents in the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs.
ADVANCE Scholar Program: enhancing minoritized scholars’ professional visibility

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to describe a mentoring program developed at a large predominantly white research university that was aimed at retaining and advancing women faculty of color. The ADVANCE Scholar Program pairs each scholar for two years with a senior faculty member at the university who serves as an internal advocate, and with an eminent scholar outside the university who helps the scholar gain prominence in their discipline.Design/methodology/approachThis paper offers a case study of the ADVANCE Scholar Program. The authors describe the intersectional approach to organizational change in this conceptual framework and provide a brief overview of the institution and precursors to the development of the Scholar program. The authors describe the program itself, its rationale, structure and participants in the program.FindingsOverall, the program generated a positive reception and outcomes, and the authors suggest that such a program has the potential to make a positive difference in making the university a more supportive place for a diverse professoriate and recommend it as a model for adoption at other predominantly white research universities.Practical implicationsBy publishing the operations and the outcomes of this faculty mentoring program, we expect to contribute broadly to a more supportive campus climate for a diverse professoriate. We have developed, implemented, and continue to study this successful model to retain minoritized faculty scholars in the professoriate.Social implicationsWomen faculty of color are often assigned to serve on committees to meet diversity objectives of the institution and are sought after by students of color from across the university, but this service is not considered. This program, the ADVANCE Scholar Program, pairs each scholar with a senior faculty member who serves as an internal advocate, and an external eminent scholar who guides the scholar in gaining national prominence. These efforts to retain and promote minoritized faculty scholars, altogether, have important implications on the pervasive issues affecting many members of academic communities at the individual, interpersonal and the institutional levels.Originality/valueThis case study provides an innovative strategy to tackle the lack of role models and the experiences of social isolation that occurs for women faculty of color with multiply marginalized status. Hence, women faculty of color benefit from a valuable, institutionally supported, university-wide mentoring program designed to increase diversity of minoritized faculty in the professoriate ranks.
A cross-sectional study of the effect of health literacy on diabetes prevention and control among elderly individuals with prediabetes in rural China

Objectives This study was designed to examine the effect of health literacy on diabetes prevention and control and risk factors for low diabetes health literacy among elderly individuals with prediabetes in rural areas in China. Design setting and participates A cross-sectional survey was conducted among elderly individuals in rural communities in Yiyang City in China. Multi-staged cluster random sampling was used to select 42 areas and 434 individuals with prediabetes who were interviewed using a questionnaire on diabetes health literacy in China. Main outcome measures Participants were asked for general information (age, gender, marital status, history of hyperglycaemia, family history of diabetes mellitus, presence of other diseases and level of education). Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify risk factors for poor health literacy concerning diabetes prevention and control among elderly subjects with prediabetes. Results The median health literacy score for diabetes prevention and prediabetes control was 10.0 (IQR 7.0–13.0). The level of diabetes health literacy among men was lower than among women (OR 2.831, 95% CI 1.818 to 4.408), and lower among respondents with 1–6 years of education than among those with 6 years or more of education (OR 14.274, 95% CI 5.927 to 34.375). Those with less than 1 year of education had the lowest literacy (OR 31.148, 95% CI 11.661 to 83.204). The level of diabetes health literacy among elderly individuals with prediabetes but no history of hyperglycaemia was lower than among those with a history of hyperglycaemia (OR 2.676, 95% CI 1.101 to 6.504). Conclusions Health literacy concerning diabetes prevention and control among elderly individuals with prediabetes was very low in rural China. Appropriate health education for elderly individuals with low educational levels should be incorporated into diabetes prevention efforts. Trial registration number ChiCTR-IOR-15007033; Results.
Determinants of International Capital Flows: The Case of Malaysia

This paper examines the determinants of international capital inflows into Malaysia in the forms of pull and push factors. The results from Johansen and Juselius cointegration test confirm the existence of a long run stable equilibrium relationship among the variables in the model. In addition, the Error Correction Model (ECM) has been utilized to detect the long run divergence from the equilibrium relationship between the explanatory variables and capital inflows in the specified model. The Wald tests from the ECM further support the notion that real GDP, domestic Treasury bill rate, budget balance, current account balance and US production do Granger cause capital inflows into Malaysia in the short run. The empirical findings in this study show that the pull factors especially budget balance and current account are imperative in explaining inflows of capital into Malaysia. Another interesting finding is the role of real factor as denoted by domestic and industrial country’s outputs in affecting the capital inflows.
The Effects of Sensory Diets on Children’s Classroom Behaviors

ABSTRACT Objective: Investigate the effect of sensory diets on children’s sensory processing, psychosocial skills, and classroom engagement behaviors in the school environment. Method: A single subject A-B-A design was used with three children attending 1st and 2nd-grade level special education classes in an urban public school. Three target behaviors individualized for each child were measured, each in a group and individual classroom context. Results: Visual analysis showed a decrease in problematic behaviors for the three participants with introduction of the sensory diet. This decrease persisted after intervention withdrawal. Conclusion: Sensory diets administered in brief sessions in the school day appear to be effective in improving children’s sensory processing, psychosocial, and classroom engagement behaviors and may have a continued beneficial effect. Further study is recommended to determine the relative influence of the manner of introduction of the activities as short breaks in the school day versus. the sensory activities themselves.
The effect of dehydration on the in vivo acid-base status of the blood in the toad Bufo viridis.

In a careful study of the acid-base relationships in Bufo marinus, Boutilier et al. (1979) also looked at the effects of dehydration. They found that arterial pH was maintained at a rather constant level by the ventilatory regulation of P c o in the arterial blood and by some acidification of the urine. During a recent study on the acid-base status of the blood in the euryhaline toad Bufo viridis (Katz, 1979, 1980), I have looked also at the effect of dehydration. The results of this study are reported here, and will be discussed in relation to the results of Boutilier et al. (1979). The observations were made using a permanent cannula (Clay-Adams polyethylene tubes), which was implanted into the iliac artery under MS-22 anaesthetic (Katz, 1980). Blood pH, P COi and P Oi were determined using a Radiometer PHM73 pH/blood gas monitor through BMS 3, mk 2, blood microsystem and Radiometer electrodes. Anaerobic blood samples for analysis were taken from unrestrained animals. HCO 3 ~ was calculated using the Henderson-Hasselbach equation and the proper constants taken from Severinghaus, Stupfel & Bradley (1956). The toads were dehydrated either in the air, under moderate conditions for 2-3 days, or by placing them in hypertonic solutions (1000 m-osmol) for 6-7 h until they lost c. 15% weight. Chloride was determined with a Radiometer CMT 10 chloride titrator. Table 1 summarizes the results of the in vivo determinations made on blood of the toads before and after dehydration of about 15% of their initial body weight (the bladder was emptied by catheterization before the start of the dehydration). It can be seen that there were some common features in both methods of dehydration such as the changes in the pH and P c 0 of the blood (Table 1,' I' and 'II'). However, there is clearly a difference in the changes between the two groups. There was only a 0-12 decrease in the pH of the blood, and 30% increase in the arterial P COa in the slowly dehydrated group ('I'). A much greater acidification (a 0-45 decrease in the pH), was found on the other hand in the toads which were dehydrated rapidly ('II'), accompanied with nearly 40% increase in the arterial P C Q 2-Moreover, in the later group there was also a marked and significant decrease in the concentration of HC0 3 ~ in the blood. Table 2 compares the …
Reorientation of the first signal-anchor sequence during potassium channel biogenesis at the Sec61 complex

The majority of the polytopic proteins that are synthesized at the ER (endoplasmic reticulum) are integrated co-translationally via the Sec61 translocon, which provides lateral access for their hydrophobic TMs (transmembrane regions) to the phospholipid bilayer. A prolonged association between TMs of the potassium channel subunit, TASK-1 [TWIK (tandem-pore weak inwardly rectifying potassium channel)-related acid-sensitive potassium channel 1], and the Sec61 complex suggests that the ER translocon co-ordinates the folding/assembly of the TMs present in the nascent chain. The N-terminus of both TASK-1 and Kcv (potassium channel protein of chlorella virus), another potassium channel subunit of viral origin, has access to the N-glycosylation machinery located in the ER lumen, indicating that the Sec61 complex can accommodate multiple arrangements/orientations of TMs within the nascent chain, both in vitro and in vivo. Hence the ER translocon can provide the ribosome-bound nascent chain with a dynamic environment in which it can explore a range of different conformations en route to its correct transmembrane topology and final native structure.
Significance and Regional Dependency of Peptide Transporter (PEPT) 1 in the Intestinal Permeability of Glycylsarcosine: In Situ Single-Pass Perfusion Studies in Wild-Type and Pept1 Knockout Mice

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role, relevance, and regional dependence of peptide transporter (PEPT) 1 expression and function in mouse intestines using the model dipeptide glycylsarcosine (GlySar). After isolating specific intestinal segments, in situ single-pass perfusions were performed in wild-type and Pept1 knockout mice. The permeability of [3H]GlySar was measured as a function of perfusate pH, dipeptide concentration, potential inhibitors, and intestinal segment, along with PEPT1 mRNA and protein. We found the permeability of GlySar to be saturable (Km = 5.7 mM), pH-dependent (maximal value at pH 5.5), and specific for PEPT1; other peptide transporters, such as PHT1 and PHT2, were not involved, as judged by the lack of GlySar inhibition by excess concentrations of histidine. GlySar permeabilities were comparable in the duodenum and jejunum of wild-type mice but were much larger than that in ileum (approximately 2-fold). A PEPT1-mediated permeability was not observed for GlySar in the colon of wild-type mice (<10% residual uptake compared to proximal small intestine). Moreover, GlySar permeabilities were very low and not different in the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, and colon of Pept1 knockout mice. Functional activity of intestinal PEPT1 was confirmed by real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunoblot analyses. Our findings suggest that a loss of PEPT1 activity (e.g., due to polymorphisms, disease, or drug interactions) should have a major effect in reducing the intestinal absorption of di-/tripeptides, peptidomimetics, and peptide-like drugs.
How are major gambling brands using Twitter?

ABSTRACT This paper is the first to compare how major gambling brands are using the popular social media platform Twitter, looking at how gambling brands vary in the frequency of their messages, the content of their tweets and engagement with their Twitter activity. 63,913 tweets were collected from seven well-known British gambling brands (Bet365, Betfair, Betfred, Coral, Ladbrokes, Paddy Power, William Hill) and their associated Twitter accounts (Total Number of Accounts = 22) via the Twitter Application Program Interface (API) on the 1 August 2018. Companies varied in their approach to Twitter, some posting from a single account whereas others segmented their tweets by topic or purpose. Frequency analysis of tweets showed that on average major gambling brands tweeted anywhere between 89 and 202 tweets a day. Sentiment analysis of tweets showed a positivity bias with the language in tweets being associated with positive emotions like anticipation, trust and joy. Paddy Power, Bet365 and Coral produced the content that received the highest number of likes or shares from other twitter users. This study highlights the extent to which companies are using Twitter; followers could potentially be receiving hundreds of messages per day.
Theories, models and strategies in developing an effective HIV/AIDS campaign in South Africa

There is no doubt that the impact of media messages and campaigns has helped toinform, sustain and shape attitudes on a health issue such as HIV/AIDS. They have beenheralded as the most important tools in raising awareness but little is known about howmuch impact they have had in changing people’s behaviour. The purpose of HIV/AIDShealth communication and campaigns is to educate by improving health, reducing therisks of HIV infections and promoting the well-being of individuals and communities.Most HIV/AIDS campaigns have been unsuccessful in achieving this goal because of poorconceptualisation and narrow strategic approaches. In fact, the media has been blamedfor perpetuating confusions around the disease. Another problem may be that mosthealth programme interventions have not been based on theories and models. Theoriesplay a pivotal role in planning and implementing campaign strategies. Theories andmodels can be used to help campaign developers understand the nature of the targetedbehaviour, suitable programmes for the targeted people, the methods that can be usedto accomplish change, and the outcomes for the evaluation. Media messages andcampaigns, if designed properly, can have a major impact on behavioural change. Inthis paper, I shall look at media messages and campaigns on HIV/AIDS, and address theapplication of health communication theories in influencing health behaviour. Finally,I shall look at how theories can be used to develop effective health campaigns targetingthe people of South Africa.
Is Good Governance a Good Development Strategy

The present invention extends the high resistance lead layers of a read head straight back into the head from each of the first and second edges of the read sensor. This lessens the length of each of the high resistance lead layers so that they do not have to be made thicker to satisfy resistance requirements. Accordingly, a lateral width of each high resistance lead portion along the ABS and a thickness thereof are chosen so as to minimize the thickness while yet satisfying the resistance requirements. Further, a method of making the first and second lead layers is provided that minimizes the thickness of the high resistance lead layers. Instead of constructing the high resistance lead layers first, the present method constructs the high resistance lead layers after defining a stripe height of the read sensor so that the lateral expanse of the high resistance lead layers is not altered by ion milling, which ion milling increases the resistance of the high resistance lead layers.
Video feedback and the self-evaluation of college-level guitarists during individual practice

Developing musicians typically engage in self-regulated practicing during the time that passes between lessons with their teachers. An important aspect of self-regulated practice is the ability to identify and correct areas of development in performance in the absence of a teacher’s feedback, but the effort required to perform as well as monitor a performance represents a challenge for any learner. Videotaping the performance and watching it afterwards to fully concentrate on each task could constitute a solution to this problem. In our study, we verified how video feedback could affect the self-evaluation of intermediate-advanced musicians while practicing a new piece of music. To attain this objective, we analyzed and coded the self-evaluative comments of 16 classical guitarists while practicing. We then compared the number of coding entries in each category of a group of participants who used video feedback (n = 8) on four occasions over a period of ten practice sessions with those of a group of musicians who did not use video feedback (n = 8). Our results indicate that musicians who used video feedback modified the way they formulated their self-evaluative comments while practicing, and that these changes were more marked with higher-performing musicians.
Assisted deletion of related content

On primary storage systems content is often replicated, converted or modified, and the users quickly lose control over its dispersal on the system. Deleting content related to a particular project from the system therefore becomes a labor-intensive task for the user. In this paper we present IRCUS, a system that assists the user in securely removing project-related content, but does not require changes to the user's behavior or to any of the system components, such as the file system, kernel or applications. IRCUS transparently integrates within the user's system, operates in user-space and stores the resulting metadata alongside the files. We implemented and evaluated our system and show that its overhead and accuracy are acceptable for practical use and deployment.
A least-squares parameter estimation algorithm for switched Hammerstein systems with applications to the VOR

A "multimode" or "switched" system is one that switches between various modes of operation. When a switch occurs from one mode to another, a discontinuity may result followed by a smooth evolution under the new regime. Characterizing the switching behavior of these systems is not well understood and, therefore, identification of multimode systems typically requires a preprocessing step to classify the observed data according to a mode of operation. A further consequence of the switched nature of these systems is that data available for parameter estimation of any subsystem may be inadequate. As such, identification and parameter estimation of multimode systems remains an unresolved problem. We 1) show that the NARMAX model structure can be used to describe the impulsive-smooth behavior of switched systems, 2) propose a modified extended least squares (MELS) algorithm to estimate the coefficients of such models, and 3) demonstrate its applicability to simulated and real data from the Vestibulo-Ocular Reflex (VOR). The approach will also allow the identification of other nonlinear bio-systems, suspected of containing "hard" nonlinearities.
High Expression of Rabl3 is Associated with Poor Survival of Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer via Repression of MAPK8/9/10-Mediated Autophagy

Background Rab-like 3 (Rabl3) is a member of the Rab subfamily of small GTPases which are involved in controlling proliferation and vesicular trafficking. Recent studies suggest that Rab proteins might play a critical role in regulating cancer cell survival, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Material/Methods We performed a bioinformatics analysis to examine the correlation between the expression level of Rabl3 and survival of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients in three independent cohorts containing 484 patients. The function of Rabl3 was examined in NSCLC cell line A549 in vitro. Following Rabl3 knockdown, cells were stained with propidium iodine (PI) and Annexin V, followed by flow cytometry analysis (FACS) for cell death and autophagy induction. The activity of the MAPK signaling pathway was assessed by Western blotting of different MAPK phosphorylations, and modulated with different chemical inhibitors. Results High expression of Rabl3 was significantly correlated with poor survival in all three independent NSCLC cohorts. In line with this result, Rabl3 was frequently overexpressed in lung cancer cell lines as compared with normal lung fibroblast cell lines. Knockdown of Rabl3 in lung cancer cells significantly enhanced cell death accompanied with autophagy induction, as evidenced by an increased level of autophagy marker LC3-II. Interestingly, Rabl3 knockdown was associated with enhanced activation of MAPK8/9/10 but not MAPK11/12/13/14. Treatment of MAPK8/9/10-specific inhibitor SP600125, but not MAPK11/12/13/14-specific inhibitor SB203580, largely abolished Rabl3 knockdown-induced LC3-I/LC3-II conversion and autophagic cell death. Conclusions Together, these results suggest that high expression of Rabl3 might inhibit cell death in NSCLCs via repression of MAPK8/9/10-mediated autophagy.