Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Uneven development and the liberalisation of trade and capital flows: the case of Mexico

A dual economy model is used to analyze the preconditions for successful industrialization under different trading and investment regimes. Assuming increasing returns to scale in industry and decreasing returns in agriculture, it is shown that protectionism may aid economic development at some point in a country's development process but retard it at others, that the desirable degree of openness depends on the stage of development already attained, and that improvements in agricultural productivity may reduce the overall rate of growth under a free-trade regime. Applying the model to Mexico, it is argued that liberalization is likely to bring long-run industrialization in the Mexican case but that this strategy implies substantial costs to a large segment of the population in the short and medium term. Copyright 1998 by Oxford University Press.
Polynomials on Banach spaces with unconditional bases

We study the classes of homogeneous polynomials on a Banach space with unconditional Schauder basis that have unconditionally convergent monomial expansions relative to this basis. We extend some results of Matos, and we show that the homogeneous polynomials with unconditionally convergent expansions coincide with the polynomials that are regular with respect to the Banach lattices structure of the domain.
Capital requirements and bank behaviour: an empirical analysis of Indian public sector banks

Consequent upon the introduction of prudential norms as an integral part of financial sector reforms, the present paper investigates the relationship between changes in risk and capital in the Indian banking sector. A dynamic, multivariate panel regression model is formulated wherein changes in capital ratio depend on its lagged value, a range of conditioning variables and regulatory dummies. Our analysis reveals that: (i) the regulatory framework needs to be designed to encourage individual banks to maintain higher than stipulated capital levels to reflect their differential risk profiles; and (ii) there is no conclusive evidence of risk aversion among Indian banks. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
CD4+ T cells migrate into inflamed skin only if they express ligands for E- and P-selectin.

Previous data suggested a role of endothelial selectins in skin homing of lymphocytes. In the current study, we have analyzed the expression and functional role of E-and P-selectin ligands on CD4+ T cells induced in vivo upon skin sensitization, using soluble selectin-Ig chimera and blocking Abs. Only low numbers of CD4+ cells expressing significant levels of E- or P-selectin ligands were present in s.c. lymph nodes of untreated mice (0.5-1.5% and 2-4%, respectively). Induction of a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction increased the percentage of E-selectin-binding CD4+ cells in the draining lymph nodes up to 6 to 9% and that of P-selectin-binding cells up to 14%. The majority of E- and P-selectin-binding cells displayed an activated phenotype as judged by the increase in IL-2R, CD71, or cell size. The populations of E- and P-selectin-binding cells were largely overlapping; all E-selectin-binding cells also bound to P-selectin, whereas only a subfraction of P-selectin-binding cells reacted with E-selectin. Both E- and P-selectin-binding CD4+ cells, isolated by FACS, efficiently migrated into inflamed, but not normal skin, whereas P- or E-selectin ligand-negative CD4+ T cells did not. Abs against one of the two endothelial selectins partially inhibited the entry of isolated, ligand-positive cells, whereas a combination of Abs against both selectins almost completely abrogated skin homing. These data indicate that the expression of functional ligands for E- and for P-selectin is essential for homing of CD4+ T cells into the inflamed skin.
How Partnerships Affect the Social Performance of Korean Social Enterprises

Abstract Social enterprises receive a lot of attention, because of their ability to balance social service-enhancing and profit-making activities. They can survive and have financial sustainability in markets and provide social services that would otherwise not be provided due to the failure of private or government provision. In the Korean context, social enterprises have another function – to provide jobs and increase employment rates in times of low economic growth and growing inequality. Given this situation, it is useful for researchers to investigate what types of partners provide particular sorts of resources to social enterprises and what types of resources from such partners may have mediating effects on the relationship between partnerships and the social performance of social enterprises. First, this research shows that all partners of social enterprises provide financial support and public and social partners provide marketing support, while private partners do not provide marketing support. However, no partners provide any managerial support. Second, public and social partners are helpful for the social performance of social enterprises but their financial support influences the social performance of social enterprises negatively. Private partners and their financial support also influence the social performance of social enterprises negatively.
Temporal and spatial expression of liver receptor homologue‐1 (LRH‐1) during embryogenesis suggests a potential role in gonadal development

Liver receptor homologue‐1 (LRH‐1), an orphan member of the nuclear receptor family highly expressed in adult mouse ovary, is closely related to steroidogenic factor 1 (SF‐1), known to be important in gonadal formation. To analyze the potential role of LRH‐1 in gonadal differentiation, we compared LRH‐1 and SF‐1 expression during mouse embryonic and postnatal development. LRH‐1 expression was first detected in the urogenital ridge before sexual determination, in primordial germ cells and surrounding somatic cells; expression persisted after differentiation into testes and ovaries. Of interest, LRH‐1 expression declined in the developing ovary and testis at embryonic day 15.5 but increased again just after birth in the ovary in granulosa cells and transiently in oocytes of developing follicles. By comparing and contrasting LRH and SF‐1 expression with the two tissue‐specific steroidogenic markers, cytochromes P450 aromatase and P450 17α‐hydroxylase/17,20 lyase, we provide evidence for a potential role for LRH‐1 in gonadal development, the initiation of folliculogenesis and regulation of estrogen biosynthesis within the ovary. Developmental Dynamics 234:159–168, 2005. © 2005 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Immune tolerance induction with a high purity von Willebrand factor/VIII complex concentrate in haemophilia A patients with inhibitors at high risk of a poor response

Summary. Immune tolerance induction (ITI) is effective in approximately 70% of haemophilia patients with inhibitors. Poor prognostic factors are age >6 years, ITI started >1 year from inhibitor development, inhibitor peaks >200 BU, inhibitor titre >10 BU when ITI is started and previously failed ITI. The objective of this study was to identify the effectiveness in ITI of a high purity von Willebrand factor/factor VIII (VWF/FVIII) complex concentrate in inhibitor patients at high risk of failure. Patients with severe or moderate haemophilia A and high responding inhibitors who had at least one poor prognostic factor for ITI failure were prospectively followed‐up. Success was defined by undetectable inhibitor, recovery and half life >66% of expected values. ITI dose regimens were chosen by each haemophilia centre. Seventeen haemophiliacs (16 severe, one moderate), aged 4–54 years (median 23) were followed‐up for 6–71 months. Poor prognostic factors were delayed‐onset ITI (n = 16), age >6 years (n = 16), previously failed ITI (n = 4), inhibitor peak >200 BU (n = 2) and inhibitor >10 BU when ITI was started (n = 4). Complete success was obtained in nine patients (53%) after 4–30 months of treatment (median 24), including two of four patients who had previously failed ITI. Seven patients achieved a partial success, with sustained low inhibitor titres (median 1.5 BU, range 1.1–2.8) but abnormal recovery and/or half‐life, while the remaining patient withdrew ITI after 12 months when the inhibitor titer was still 70 BU. These findings suggest that high purity VWF/FVIII complex concentrates are effective in ITI, even in patients at high risk of failure.
Is Sclerostin Level Associated with Cardiovascular Diseases in Hemodialysis Patients?

Background/Aims: The objective of this study is to evaluate the relation between sclerostin, arterial stiffness, and cardiovascular events (CVE) in hemodialysis patients (HD). Methods: Sclerostin level and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) in 97 HD patients and sclerostin level in 40 controls were measured. Results: Sclerostin level was significantly higher in patients than in controls. Sclerostin associated positively with age, male gender, cardiovascular disease, statin use, BMI, and PWV while negatively with alkaline phosphatase, parathormone (PTH), Kt/V, cinacalcet and vitamin D use in univariable correlation analyses. Sclerostin associated positively with male gender and statin use but negatively with PTH in multivariate regression analyses. During observation, 30 fatal or nonfatal CVEs were observed. While univariate correlation analysis showed a positive association between PWV and sclerostin, there was no relation between the two in multivariate regression analysis. Conclusion: Further studies are needed to understand the role of sclerostin in predicting PWV changes in HD patients.
Facing the Future: A Focus on Mathematical Literacy among Australian 15-Year-Old Students in PISA 2003.

The OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is a survey of the knowledge and skills of 15 year olds that was first carried out in 2000 and repeated every three years to measure the changes that take place over time. This document details the results of PISA 2003, focusing on Australia’s results and how the Australian students performed in comparison with students from other countries. It shows how well prepared Australian students are to meet the challenges of the future, whether they have the ability to analyse, reason and communicate their ideas effectively, and whether they have the capacity to continue learning throughout life. Overall, Australian students performed consistently well in the four assessment domains: mathematics, reading, scientific literacy and problem solving. Key messages for Australia from PISA 2003 include: in relation to socioeconomic background, students from higher socioeconomic backgrounds have a distinct advantage; in relation to Indigenous students, a very small proportion of students performed well in mathematical literacy; and in relation to gender differences, while there was no overall gender differences apparent in mathematical performance, males tended to be over-represented at the upper levels of achievement.
An assessment of path dependence in collective decisions: evidence from football polls.

While the topic of path dependence has reappeared in some macroeconomic circles, the existence of path dependence of voting outcomes is still more a matter of speculation than of evidence in spite of its importance to Arrow's Impossibility Theorem. This analysis considers the empirical relevance of path dependence, drawing data from Associated Press college football polls. In major college football, the primary measure of success is a team's year-end ranking by sports writers and/or coaches, ostensibly based on performance. This article examines the degree to which the year-end orderings for teams, R ik, are influenced by initial, pre-season rankings, Ri 1, and mid-season rankings, Rim, using these 'Top 20' votes for 1980 - 1989, while accounting for various measures of team performance. In addition to OLS estimates, cumulative logit models (CLM) and censored logistic regression (CLR) are used to deal with ordinality and sample problems. The results in Section III indicate a relationship between pre-and p.
Professional Development, Reflection and Enquiry

TEACHER PROFESSIONALISM Reclaiming Teacher Identity Teacher Professionalism Challenges and Tensions THE EXERCISE OF PROFESSIONALISM Forming Identity Listening to Beginning Teachers Teacher Professionalism in an Era of 'Crisis' Professional Reflection Identity, Agency and Change Teacher Professional Identity The Organizational Context Towards Leadership for Learning PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT Teacher Professional Development and Progression for the Twenty-First Century CPD Changing Professional Identities? CONCLUSION Professional Development, Reflection and Enquiry
Flexible Production Systems and Local Machine-Tool Subcontracting: Electronics Components Transnationals in Malaysia

This paper examines the influence of flexible production systems on the development of local sourcing. Using information gathered on production relationships between firms, it shows that the introduction of flexible production systems in electronics components transnationals in Malaysia stimulated the growth of local machine-tool firms. A combination of market forces and cooperation strengthened subcontracting links between electronics components transnationals and local machine-tool firms such that the latter experienced considerable technological broadening and deepening, thereby transforming them from simple parts to high-precision tooling and automation systems manufacturers. Copyright 1994 by Oxford University Press.
Concurrent Validity of Tests to Measure the Coordinated Exertion of Force by Computerized Target Pursuit

The purpose of this study was to examine concurrent validity of a new test for coordinated exertion of force. Coordinated exertion of force was measured using computerized target pursuit from the following viewpoints: the relations between the new test, a pursuit-rotor test, and a pegboard test. College students (24 men and 24 women) were required to change their grip exertion to match changing demand values (displayed in either a bar chart or a wave form) appearing on the display of a personal computer. The sum of the differences between the demanded values and grip-exertion values for 25 sec. was a parameter to evaluate the new test. The reliabilities of the new test, the pursuit-rotor, and the pegboard test were acceptable (ICC = .70 to .99). Scores on the new test showed low correlations with the pursuit-rotor and the pegboard test. The relation between the two different displays in the new test was significant but low (r = .49, p<.05). It was inferred that the new test measures a somewhat different ability than that measured by the pursuit-rotor and pegboard test and that the abilities tested by the types of displayed demand values are somewhat different.
A New Content-Based Image Retrieval System Based on Optimized Integration of DCD , Wavelet and Curvelet Features

In this paper, a new Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) scheme is proposed based on the optimized combination of the color and texture features to enhance the image retrieval precision. This work focuses on a uniform partitioning scheme which is applied in the HSV color space to extract Dominant Color Descriptor (DCD) features. In the proposed CBIR scheme, the DCD features are initially extracted as the color features, and then an appropriate similarity measure is applied. Also, several wavelet and curvelet features are defined as texture features to overcome the noise and the problem of image translation. Finally, the color and texture features are optimally combined by using the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. Our findings show that not only our proposed color, wavelet and curvelet features outperform the existing ones, but also their optimum combination has a better accuracy in comparison with several contemporary CBIR systems. The performance analysis shows that the proposed method improves the average precision metric from %67.85 to %71.05 for DCD, %58.90 to %65.43 for wavelet and %53.18 to %56.00 for curvelet using Corel dataset. Also, our optimum combination presents the average precision of %76.50 which is significantly higher than the other state-of-the-art methods.
Stochastic Model Specification Search for Time-Varying Parameter VARs

This article develops a new econometric methodology for performing stochastic model specification search (SMSS) in the vast model space of time-varying parameter vector autoregressions (VARs) with stochastic volatility and correlated state transitions. This is motivated by the concern of overfitting and the typically imprecise inference in these highly parameterized models. For each VAR coefficient, this new method automatically decides whether it is constant or time-varying. Moreover, it can be used to shrink an otherwise unrestricted time-varying parameter VAR to a stationary VAR, thus providing an easy way to (probabilistically) impose stationarity in time-varying parameter models. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach with a topical application, where we investigate the dynamic effects of structural shocks in government spending on U.S. taxes and gross domestic product (GDP) during a period of very low interest rates.
Network Externalities and Strategic Managerial Delegation in Cournot Duopoly: Is There a Prisoners’ Dilemma?

Abstract This paper analyzes the implications of network externalities on strategic managerial delegation contracts in a Cournot duopoly. It shows that, in the presence of strong network externalities, firms obtain higher profits in the equilibrium under strategic managerial delegation compared with that under no-delegation. Unlike as in the case of weak or no network externalities, owners of firms do not face a Prisoners’ Dilemma type of situation while deciding incentive schemes – sales-oriented vis-à-vis based on profits only – for managers in the presence of strong network externalities. However, both consumers’ surplus and social welfare are higher in the equilibrium under strategic managerial delegation compared to those under no delegation, irrespective of the strength of network externalities.
Family Types and Juvenile Delinquency Issues among Secondary School Students in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria:Counseling Implications

Abstract The study focused on identifying the influence of family types on juvenile delinquency among secondary school students in Nigeria. Based on empirical findings, three research questions were raised along with three hypotheses to guide the study. Using the multistage random sampling technique, 200 students were selected for the study from five public secondary schools in Uyo metropolis. The self-report Family Delinquency Questionnaire (FADEQ) was used for data collection. Frequencies and simple percentages were used to answer the research questions while the hypotheses were tested statistically using the chi square statistic. The results indicate that three family variables namely: family stability, family cohesiveness, and family adaptability impact strongly on juvenile delinquency among secondary school students in Uyo metropolis. The discussion was also put in the context of previous findings. Based on these findings, the counseling implications were proffered.
Role of metallothioneins in irradiated human rectal carcinoma

Metallothioneins (MT) are low‐molecular weight, metal‐binding proteins that play a role in cellular proliferation and differentiation, as well as in cellular defense mechanisms. They act as scavengers of free radicals produced by irradiation. A number of in vitro and in vivo studies have linked overexpression of cellular MT with tumor cell resistance to radiation. This is the first study that investigates whether MT expression is involved in the radioresistance of rectal carcinoma.
Customer profitability analysis with time‐driven activity‐based costing: a case study in a hotel

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to show the implementation of customer profitability analysis (CPA) using time‐driven activity‐based costing (TDABC), in a Turkish hotel.Design/methodology/approach – A case study was conducted in a four‐star hotel with 100‐room capacity in the Cukurova region of Turkey. Interviews, direct observations, and documentation collection were used to collect the data.Findings – The results showed that some of the customer segments which were found unprofitable under the conventional ABC method were determined profitable using TDABC. The case study also revealed the cost of idle resources devoted for front office, housekeeping, food preparation, and marketing activities.Research limitations/implications – Only a single hotel operating in Turkey is examined in this paper. Further research should focus on implementing CPA using TDABC in other hotels in Turkey and abroad.Practical implications – Based on the results of the study, the hotel management is better able to understa.
Behavioral Responses to Local Tax Rates: Quasi-Experimental Evidence from a Foreigners' Tax Scheme in Switzerland

We study behavioral responses to local income taxes exploiting a special tax regime which applies to foreign employees residing in Switzerland. The used institutional setting generates two thresholds through which locally heterogeneous taxation is assigned: An income threshold at 120,000 Swiss francs and a duration threshold at 5 years of stay in Switzerland. We exploit these thresholds by applying a discontinuity in density design and a fuzzy RDD to administrative income data. We find causal evidence for strategic income bunching for wage earners and tax induced intra-national mobility. Several pieces of evidence suggest that individuals have to "learn the tax code" and that knowledge and information transmission through local networks plays a major role in the behavioral response to tax incentives.
Does Expansionary Monetary Policy Cause Asset Price Booms; Some Historical and Empirical Evidence

In this paper we investigate the relationship between loose monetary policy, low inflation, and easy bank credit with asset price booms. Using a panel of up to 18 OECD countries from 1920 to 2011 we estimate the impact that loose monetary policy, low inflation, and bank credit has on house, stock and commodity prices. We review the historical narratives on asset price booms and use a deterministic procedure to identify asset price booms for the countries in our sample. We show that "loose" monetary policy - that is having an interest rate below the target rate or having a growth rate of money above the target growth rate - does positively impact asset prices and this correspondence is heightened during periods when asset prices grew quickly and then subsequently suffered a significant correction. This result was robust across multiple asset prices and different specifications and was present even when we controlled for other alternative explanations such as low inflation or "easy" credit.Institutional subscribers to the NBER working paper series, and residents of developing countries may download this paper without additional charge at www.nber. org.
Regionalism and the Regionalisation of International Trade

Gravity models of trade controlling for country-pairs heterogeneity via bilateral fixed effects are estimated on a world-wide basis from 1967 to 2001. The contribution of rising regionalism to the de facto regionalisation of trade is assessed. In most cases, preferential trade agreements spurred trade within member countries without diverting trade from non members. The impact of PTA was the largest for consumption goods and the lowest for primary goods, with more evidence of trade-diversion in the latter case. JEL Classification: F14, F15