Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Less Toxic Feminism: Can the Internet Solve the Age Old Question of How to Put Intersectional Theory into Practice?

American Anthropologist 108 (2): 297–311. SREBERNY, ANNABELLE, and GHOLAM KHIABANY. 2010. Blogistan: The Internet and Politics in Iran. London and New York: I.B. Tauris. TAYLOR, DIANNA. 1997. Disappearing Acts: Spectacles of Gender and Nationalism in Argentina’s Dirty War. Durham, NC: Duke University Press. TAYLOR, VERTA, and LEILA RUPP. 2002. “Loving Internationalism: The Emotion Culture of Transnational Women’s Organizations, 1888–1945. ” Mobilization 7 (2): 141–158. YUVAL-DAVIS, NIRA. 1993. “Gender and Nation. ” Ethnic and Racial Studies 16 (4): 621–632.
Acupuncture and amitriptyline for pain due to HIV-related peripheral neuropathy: a randomized controlled trial. Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS.

CONTEXT Peripheral neuropathy is common in persons infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) but few data on symptomatic treatment are available. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of a standardized acupuncture regimen (SAR) and amitriptyline hydrochloride for the relief of pain due to HIV-related peripheral neuropathy in HIV-infected patients. DESIGN Randomized, placebo-controlled, multicenter clinical trial. Each site enrolled patients into 1 of the following 3 options: (1) a modified double-blind 2 x 2 factorial design of SAR, amitriptyline, or the combination compared with placebo, (2) a modified double-blind design of an SAR vs control points, or (3) a double-blind design of amitriptyline vs placebo. SETTING Terry Beirn Community Programs for Clinical Research on AIDS (HIV primary care providers) in 10 US cities. PATIENTS Patients with HIV-associated, symptomatic, lower-extremity peripheral neuropathy. Of 250 patients enrolled, 239 were in the acupuncture comparison (125 in the factorial option and 114 in the SAR option vs control points option), and 136 patients were in the amitriptyline comparison (125 in the factorial option and 11 in amitriptyline option vs placebo option). INTERVENTIONS Standardized acupuncture regimen vs control points, amitriptyline (75 mg/d) vs placebo, or both for 14 weeks. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Changes in mean pain scores at 6 and 14 weeks, using a pain scale ranging from 0.0 (no pain) to 1.75 (extremely intense), recorded daily. RESULTS Patients in all 4 groups showed reduction in mean pain scores at 6 and 14 weeks compared with baseline values. For both the acupuncture and amitriptyline comparisons, changes in pain score were not significantly different between the 2 groups. At 6 weeks, the estimated difference in pain reduction for patients in the SAR group compared with those in the control points group (a negative value indicates a greater reduction for the "active" treatment) was 0.01 (95% confidence interval [CI], -0.11 to 0.12; P=.88) and for patients in the amitriptyline group vs those in the placebo group was -0.07 (95% CI, -0.22 to 0.08; P=.38). At 14 weeks, the difference for those in the SAR group compared with those in the control points group was -0.08 (95% CI, -0.21 to 0.06; P=.26) and for amitriptyline compared with placebo was 0.00 (95% CI, -0.18 to 0.19; P=.99). CONCLUSIONS In this study, neither acupuncture nor amitriptyline was more effective than placebo in relieving pain caused by HIV-related peripheral neuropathy.
Doping and the perfect body expert: social and cultural indicators of performance-enhancing drug use in Danish gyms

Most doping studies focus on the incidence of performance-enhancing drugs and devote little attention to the training sphere or the social factors involved in this process. In this study, Danish doping data from different social arenas of sport and physical exercise (7,039 respondents) form the basis for analyses of the relative importance of social indicators. More respondents from gyms admitted to having experimented with legal as well as banned performance-enhancing substances than did respondents among elite athletes, and the relative importance of education is only indicated among gym users with experience of anabolic-androgenic steroids compared to respondents within the sphere of competitive sport. These results are discussed in the light of findings from qualitative studies of the doping phenomenon. Two patterns of doping practices are discernible in the analysis: whereas aesthetic modification appears to be a primary goal behind certain training regimes and the potential use of pharmaceutical substances in gym and fitness culture, the desire to improve physical capacity appears to underlie the training regimes as well as the use of certain pharmaceutical substances in competitive sports. It is argued that the notion of the perfect body expert is useful in developing a theoretical understanding of the role of drug use within physical training spheres while conceiving different patterns of doping practices.
Delayed acquisition of irregular inflectional morphology in Hebrew in early sequential bilingualism

Acquisition of the irregular forms of inflectional morphology may be a challenge for bilingual students because of the possible effect of infrequent input. Focusing on irregular plural forms of languages such as Hebrew can contribute to better understanding how bilingual children cope with anomalous morphological forms. The present study compares Russian— Hebrew-speaking sequential bilingual children with Hebrew-speaking monolingual children in their command on four measures of irregular forms of Hebrew plural nouns at two data collection points: the beginning of the second grade and the beginning of the third grade, at a time when the acquisition of these forms is still going on. Although results show that the bilingual children continued to be less accurate than their monolingual peers in producing the irregular forms at the second point of data collection, the medium-size effect (Cohen, 1992) was obtained only on one of four measures. Furthermore, the finding attests to the significant improvement of both groups in the course of one school year on all categories of irregular plural forms. It was also found that both groups acquire the irregular forms of the Hebrew plural noun system in a similar way and exhibit related patterns of developmental errors.
TALKING FEMINIST, TALKING BLACK1

During the highly publicized appeals trial of Mike Tyson, Black feminists launched an antirape campaign that included obtaining signatures in support of a full-page ad while simultaneously educating the Black community about racist and sexist rape myths. Organizers challenged rape-supportive discourse using a distinct Black feminist frame that was influenced by structural as well as culturally engendered factors. Relevant frame alignment processes and the significance of racialized, gendered, and class-based micromobilization strategies are described. A coalition-focused view of the framing process is presented, and its usefulness in Black feminist collective action is underscored.
Joint distribution of instantaneous and averaged queue length in an M/M/1/K system

We consider the joint dynamics of the instantaneous and exponentially averaged queue length in an M/M/1/K queue. A system of ordinary differential equations is derived for the joint stationary distribution of the instantaneous and the exponentially averaged queue length. The solution of the system of equations is obtained in a few special cases. Three different numerical approaches are presented to find the stationary distribution in the general case. Some results obtained with the numerical methods are presented and the efficiency of the numerical approaches is discussed. In addition, we describe how the model can be extended to a more complex situation which contains a rejection mechanism that randomly drops incoming customers with a dropping probability that depends on the current state of the averaged queue length.
Measuring ethnicity: challenges and opportunities for survey research

Abstract Measuring ethnic identity in social surveys has traditionally been problematic, often using a single question and allowing the respondent to choose one category from a pre-defined list. In this paper we discuss the rationale for and limitations of measuring a complex and multi-dimensional concept with a simple, uni-dimensional question. We propose that operationalizing ethnicity as multi-dimensional requires multiple questions to capture the complexity of the concept. Giving researchers a number of different measures enables them to focus on the dimensions of interest to them, and has the potential to open up the rich resources of theoretically robust survey research to researchers from a range of disciplines concerned with questions of ethnic identification.
The intervals method: a new approach to analyse finite element outputs using multivariate statistics

Background In this paper, we propose a new method, named the intervals’ method, to analyse data from finite element models in a comparative multivariate framework. As a case study, several armadillo mandibles are analysed, showing that the proposed method is useful to distinguish and characterise biomechanical differences related to diet/ecomorphology. Methods The intervals’ method consists of generating a set of variables, each one defined by an interval of stress values. Each variable is expressed as a percentage of the area of the mandible occupied by those stress values. Afterwards these newly generated variables can be analysed using multivariate methods. Results Applying this novel method to the biological case study of whether armadillo mandibles differ according to dietary groups, we show that the intervals’ method is a powerful tool to characterize biomechanical performance and how this relates to different diets. This allows us to positively discriminate between specialist and generalist species. Discussion We show that the proposed approach is a useful methodology not affected by the characteristics of the finite element mesh. Additionally, the positive discriminating results obtained when analysing a difficult case study suggest that the proposed method could be a very useful tool for comparative studies in finite element analysis using multivariate statistical approaches.
Morphological effects of ceramide on DMPC/DHPC bicelles

Freeze fracture electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering were applied to characterize the morphological changes of DMPC/DHPC bicellar systems induced by the addition of ceramides. The results demonstrate a tendency of the DMPC/DHPC aggregates to evolve forming elongated or tubular structures with the increase of the temperature. At 20°C, low concentrations of ceramide promote the appearance of elongated structures with twisted zones. Higher concentrations of this lipid lead to the formation of liposomes along the elongated structures. The increase of the temperature to 40°C induces the growth of the structures containing low concentrations of ceramide forming branched aggregates. In samples with high amounts of ceramide, the increase of temperature causes phase separation and the formation of a mixed system composed by liposomes and multilamellar tubules. The morphological effects induced by ceramides in this new membrane model give new insights for the role played by this lipid in biological membranes.
Searching in one billion vectors: Re-rank with source coding

Recent indexing techniques inspired by source coding have been shown successful to index billions of high-dimensional vectors in memory. In this paper, we propose an approach that re-ranks the neighbor hypotheses obtained by these compressed-domain indexing methods. In contrast to the usual post-verification scheme, which performs exact distance calculation on the short-list of hypotheses, the estimated distances are refined based on short quantization codes, to avoid reading the full vectors from disk. We have released a new public dataset of one billion 128-dimensional vectors and proposed an experimental setup to evaluate high dimensional indexing algorithms on a realistic scale. Experiments show that our method accurately and efficiently re-ranks the neighbor hypotheses using little memory compared to the full vectors representation.
Emerging roles of TEAD transcription factors and its coactivators in cancers

TEAD proteins are transcription factors that are crucial for development, but also play a role in cancers. Several developmentally and pathologically important genes are upregulated by TEADs. TEADs have a TEA domain that enables them to bind specific DNA elements and a transactivation domain that enables them to interact with coactivators. TEADs on their own are unable to activate transcription and they require the help of coactivators. Several TEAD-interacting coactivators are known and they can be classified into three groups: (1) YAP and its paralog TAZ; (2) Vgll proteins; and (3) p160s. Accordingly, these coactivators also play a role in development and cancers. Recent studies have shown that TEADs and their coactivators aid in the progression of various cancers, including the difficult to treat glioblastoma, liver and ovarian cancers. They facilitate cancer progression through expression of proliferation promoting genes such as c-myc, survivin, Axl, CTGF and Cyr61. There is also a good correlation between high TEAD or its coactivator expression and poor prognosis in various cancers. Given the fact that TEADs and their coactivators need to work together for a functional outcome, disrupting the interaction between them appears to be a viable option for cancer therapy. Structures of TEAD-coactivator complexes have been elucidated and will facilitate drug design and development.
The Informational Content of Campaign Advertising

Understanding the mechanisms by which political advertising aects voters is crucial for evaluating the welfare eects of campaign nance and election regulation. This paper develops a method to distinguish between two alternative mechanisms for advertising inuence: an \informative" channel in which voters learn about candidate attributes through advertising, and a \persuasive" channel in which voters can be directly inuenced by advertising even if it makes no contribution to the quality of
Regulation of Proinflammatory Cytokine Expression by Shiga Toxin 1 and/or Lipopolysaccharides in the Human Monocytic Cell Line THP-1

ABSTRACT Infection with Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing bacteria and the subsequent release of Stxs and endotoxins into the bloodstream may damage blood vessels in the colon, kidneys, and central nervous system, leading to bloody diarrhea, acute renal failure, and neurological complications. The proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) may contribute to the pathogenesis of Stx-induced vascular lesions by up-regulating toxin receptor expression on endothelial cells. We previously showed that macrophages treated with purified Shiga toxin 1 (Stx1) or lipopolysaccharides (LPS) secrete TNF-α and IL-1β. Northern blot analysis revealed that treatment of the human monocytic cell line THP-1 with LPS induced a rapid and transient increase in steady-state TNF-α and IL-1β transcripts. In contrast, Stx1 induced slower but prolonged elevations in cytokine transcripts. The presence of both stimulants resulted in optimal cytokine mRNA induction in terms of kinetics and prolonged expression. Compared to LPS, Stx1 was a poor inducer of IL-1β protein expression, although levels of soluble IL-1β induced by all treatments continually increased over 72 h. IL-1β transcripts were not induced by Stx1 B-subunits. Using the transcriptional inhibitor actinomycin D, we determined that treatment with Stx1 or Stx1 plus LPS induced cytokine transcripts with increased stability compared to transcripts induced by LPS alone. For all treatments, IL-1β mRNA decay was slower than TNF-α. Collectively, our data suggest that Stxs affect cytokine expression, in part, at the posttranscriptional level by stabilizing mRNAs. Optimal TNF-α expression occurs when both Stxs and LPS are present.
Altered microstructural connectivity in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

Objectives: Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) is characterized by myoclonic jerks of the upper limbs, often triggered by cognitive stressors. Here we aim to reconcile this particular seizure phenotype with the known frontal lobe type neuropsychological profile, photosensitivity, hyperexcitable motor cortex, and recent advanced imaging studies that identified abnormal functional connectivity of the motor cortex and supplementary motor area (SMA). Methods: We acquired fMRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in a cohort of 29 patients with JME and 28 healthy control subjects. We used fMRI to determine functional connectivity and DTI-based region parcellation and voxel-wise comparison of probabilistic tractography data to assess the structural connectivity profiles of the mesial frontal lobe. Results: Patients with JME showed alterations of mesial frontal connectivity with increased structural connectivity between the prefrontal cognitive cortex and motor cortex. We found a positive correlation between DTI and fMRI-based measures of structural and functional connectivity: the greater the structural connectivity between these 2 regions, the greater the observed functional connectivity of corresponding areas. Furthermore, connectivity was reduced between prefrontal and frontopolar regions and increased between the occipital cortex and the SMA. Conclusion: The observed alterations in microstructural connectivity of the mesial frontal region may represent the anatomic basis for cognitive triggering of motor seizures in JME. Changes in the mesial frontal connectivity profile provide an explanatory framework for several other clinical observations in JME and may be the link between seizure semiology, neurophysiology, neuropsychology, and imaging findings in JME.
A Comparative Study of Cognitive Retention Using Simulation-Gaming as Opposed to Lecture-Discussion Techniques.

Using simulation-gaming techniques to foster more active student participation in the learning process has increased in recent years. These techniques remain suspect, however, to many who believe that students' cognitive achievement and retention suffer from their use. Therefore, this study endeavors to compare the effect of simulation-gaming techniques with lecture-discussion techniques on students' cognitive achievement and retention of facts, concepts, principles. Other researchers have examined the effect of simulation-gaming on cognitive achievement and/or retention with mixed results. In a study involving eighth grade U.S. history students, Baker compared the effects of simulation with the textbook-discussion approach. He concluded that simulation proved more efficient than the textbook-discussion approach for teaching historical facts, concepts, and attitudes to junior high school students. ' McKenney and Dill's study investigated simulation in the MBA curriculum at Harvard Business School. Their findings indicated that more important than simulation was emphasis faculty members placed on study topics with cognitive retention as the goal of instruction.2 Garvey and Seiler studied the effectiveness of different methods, including simulation, of teaching international relations to high school students. In their study, students exposed to simulation did not score as well as control group students in cognitive achievement at the end of
EFFECTS OF ZATARIA MULTIFLORA AND GERANIUM PELARGONIUM ESSENTIAL OILS ON GROWTH-INHIBITING OF SOME TOXIGENIC FUNGI

Summary The effects of two Iranian medicinal plants including Zataria multiflora and Geranium pelargonium were evaluated on growth-inhibiting of some toxigenic fungi such as Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus, A. ochraceus and Fusarium verticillioides. In this study, standard Z. multiflora and G. pelargonium essential oils (EOs) were diluted in 0.01% dimethyl sulfoxide. Different dilutions of Z. multiflora (500, 1000, 2000 and 4000 ppm) and G. pelargonium EOs (1000, 2000, 4000 and 8000 ppm) along with 0.1 ml of each fungal suspension were inoculated onto sabouraud glucose agar and incubated at 25°C for 7 days. Zataria multiflora (≥2000 ppm) and G. pelargonium (≥8000 ppm) EOs completely inhibited all the tested fungi. Aspergillus species were more susceptible than F. verticillioides to two EOs. The EOs considerably exhibited inhibitory effects against these important toxigenic fungi and their different concentrations demonstrated various degrees of growth inhibition. This study showed inhibitory effects of Z. multiflora and G. pelargonium EOs against some toxigenic fungi including A. flavus, A. parasiticus, A. ochraceus and F. verticillioides.
Subventricular Zone Stem Cells Are Heterogeneous with Respect to Their Embryonic Origins and Neurogenic Fates in the Adult Olfactory Bulb

We determined the embryonic origins of adult forebrain subventricular zone (SVZ) stem cells by Cre-lox fate mapping in transgenic mice. We found that all parts of the telencephalic neuroepithelium, including the medial ganglionic eminence and lateral ganglionic eminence (LGE) and the cerebral cortex, contribute multipotent, self-renewing stem cells to the adult SVZ. Descendants of the embryonic LGE and cortex settle in ventral and dorsal aspects of the dorsolateral SVZ, respectively. Both populations contribute new (5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine-labeled) tyrosine hydroxylase- and calretinin-positive interneurons to the adult olfactory bulb. However, calbindin-positive interneurons in the olfactory glomeruli were generated exclusively by LGE-derived stem cells. Thus, different SVZ stem cells have different embryonic origins, colonize different parts of the SVZ, and generate different neuronal progeny, suggesting that some aspects of embryonic patterning are preserved in the adult SVZ. This could have important implications for the design of endogenous stem cell-based therapies in the future.
Towards a service-enabled distributed router architecture

Modelling is an essential tool in the development and assessment of new concepts. The authors propose an architecture for the next-generation gigabit distributed active router that was designed and implemented in the 1ST project, FlexiNET. In the FlexiNET project, a service called 'dynamic service deployment' dynamically installs, monitors and uninstalls new services on user demand or by default configuration. The proposed distributed router architecture achieves scalability of performance, functional flexibility and reliability. Scalability is achieved by adding new modules that have identical interfaces in an extensible function block. New services can easily be added by inserting modules that have the appropriate functionality. Another significant aspect of the model presented is that a failure in one module does not affect the other modules because they operate independently.
Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Mediates Antiapoptotic Signals Partially via p38 MAP Kinase Activation in Human Eosinophils

Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a proinflammatory cytokine with many biological effects on a variety of cells. In particular, TNF-α has been shown to act as a death or survival factor which mediates apoptosis or antiapoptotic signals in various types of cells. In eosinophils, TNF-α has been reported to activate eosinophil functions. However, it is not clearly defined whether TNF-α delivers antiapoptotic signals in eosinophils. In order to determine whether TNF-α prevents eosinophil apoptosis, we examined the effect of TNF-α on eosinophil apoptosis by the survival assay and cell cycle analysis. We also determined whether intracellular MAP kinases (ERKs, Jun kinase/JNK, and p38 MAP kinase) are involved in the TNF-α-induced signaling for the prevention of eosinophil apoptosis. We showed that TNF-α mediated antiapoptotic signals in human eosinophils in part via activation of p38 MAP kinase, but not via activation of ERKs and JNK. Our data suggest that TNF-α/p38 MAP kinase pathways are involved in the regulation of eosinophil survival and, thus, would be important for the development of allergic eosinophil-rich inflammation.