Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pancreatitis following Olanzapine Therapy: A Report of Three Cases

Context: Atypical antipsychotic agents (clozapine, olanzapine) have been linked to metabolic effects and acute pancreatitis. Case Report: We reviewed the inpatient and outpatient records of three patients who developed acute pancreatitis while being treated with olanzapine. The mean age of the patients was 37.7 years (range 18–54 years, 2 female, 1 male). No alternative cause of acute pancreatitis was found in two of the three patients. In the remaining patient, olanzapine may have contributed to acute pancreatitis in the setting of hypertriglyceridemia. Olanzapine was discontinued in all instances. Over a mean follow-up of 14 months, one patient has had a relapsing course, but the remaining two patients have been symptom free without recurrence of acute pancreatitis. Conclusions: Our case series adds further support to the potential link between olanzapine use and acute pancreatitis. Close monitoring of metabolic parameters is suggested in patients treated with olanzapine. Alternative antipsychotic agents should be considered in patients at high risk for pancreatitis.
Ox-LDL Promotes Migration and Adhesion of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells via Regulation of MCP-1 Expression

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (bmMSCs) are the most important cell source for stem cell transplant therapy. The migration capacity of MSCs is one of the determinants of the efficiency of MSC-based transplant therapy. Our recent study has shown that low concentrations of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) can stimulate proliferation of bmMSCs. In this study, we investigated the effects of ox-LDL on bmMSC migration and adhesion, as well as the related mechanisms. Our results show that transmigration rates of bmMSCs and cell-cell adhesion between bmMSCs and monocytes are significantly increased by treatments with ox-LDL in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Expressions of ICAM-1, PECAM-1, and VCAM-1 as well as the levels of intracellular Ca2+ are also markedly increased by ox-LDL in a dose-dependent manner. Cytoskeleton analysis shows that ox-LDL treatment benefits to spreading of bmMSCs and organization of F-actin fibers after being plated for 6 hours. More interestingly, treatments with ox-LDL also markedly increase expressions of LOX-1, MCP-1, and TGF-β; however, LOX-1 antibody and MCP-1 shRNA markedly inhibit ox-LDL-induced migration and adhesion of bmMSCs, which suggests that ox-LDL-induced bmMSC migration and adhesion are dependent on LOX-1 activation and MCP-1 expression.
Determination of hand and palm area as a ratio of body surface area in Indian population

Background: Accurate estimation of body surface area (BSA) burn is important. In small and patchy burns, the patient's hand is used to estimate percentage of burn which is traditionally considered as 1%. There is discrepancy about what percentage of TBSA is constituted by the palm and hand. Therefore, this study was designed to determine correctly the TBSA represented by the palmar surface of the entire hand and palm in the Indian population. Material and Methods: 300 healthy adult (male and female) and 300 healthy children (male and female) were included in the study. TBSA was calculated using DuBois formula and hand and palm surface area was calculated using hand tracing on plain paper. The hand/palm percentage of BSA (ratio) was determined by dividing hand/palm surface area by total BSA. Results: The mean hand and palm ratio for adults was 0.92% and 0.50%, respectively. The mean hand and palm ratio in children was 1.06% and 0.632%, respectively. Conclusion: The hand area (palm plus digits) is more closely represented to 1% of TBSA in Indian population.
Beyond Epistemology: Relativism and Engagement in the Politics of Science

In recent years, it has become increasingly clear that work in the social studies of science and technology can be appropriated, or consciously deployed, to serve political ends. Correspondingly, pressure has risen on scholars in this field to choose sides in controversies involving science and technology. This paper argues that `co-production' — the simultaneous production of knowledge and social order — provides a more satisfying conceptual framework than `controversy' for understanding the relationship between science and society, and the scholar's rôle in that relationship. Political engagement is better achieved through reflexive, critical scholarship than through identification with apparent `winners' or `losers' in well-defined but contingent controversies. Reflexivity is especially desirable when selecting sites for research, styles of explanation, and methods of articulating normative positions.
The Model of Integration? Social and Spatial Transformations in the Leeds Jewish Community

The Jewish population living in Britain has commonly been depicted as a ‘model of integration’. This paper explores the social and spatial transitions made by the Jewish community over the course of more than a century of settlement and adaptation, with particular reference to Leeds. Using an historical perspective, the paper traces the changing ‘place’ of Jews in wider society in terms of their socio-economic status and how they construct themselves as a religious and ethnic minority in Britain. Drawing on a mixed methods approach, the paper reveals how Leeds Jews’ understandings of community, identity, integration and citizenship have evolved over time. The research uncovers diverse and complex interpretations of Jewishness and integration, which unsettle the idealised notions of community, the straightforward trajectory of adaptation, and unproblematic conceptions of identity embedded in the Jewish model of integration. The paper reflects on the implications of the Jewish experience for current debates and discourses on ‘race’, difference and social integration in twenty-first-century Britain.
Religion as Quest: The Self-Directed Pursuit of Meaning

Four studies were conducted to test two assumptions regarding Batson's quest religious orientation that have received little empirical attention: (a) Quest is born out of existential struggle with tragedy and conflict; (b) quest reflects an autonomous, self-directing approach to religion that may be inimical to established religious traditions. Studies I and 2 found increases in quest to be associated both with experimentally induced confrontation with tragedy and with self-reported family conflict. Studies 3 and 4 found quest to be linked to personal (nonaffiliated) religion and to variables suggestive of decreased social identification in general. Models of development of quest are subsequently considered.
Resolvability in Eγ with applications to lossy compression and wiretap channels

We study the amount of randomness needed for an input process to approximate a given output distribution of a channel in the Eγ distance. A general one-shot achievability bound for the precision of such an approximation is developed. In the i.i. d. setting where γ = exp(nE), a (nonnegative) randomness rate above infQ<sub>U</sub>:D(Q<sub>X</sub>||π<sub>X</sub>)≤E{D(Q<sub>X</sub>||π<sub>X</sub>) + I(Q<sub>U</sub>, Q<sub>X|U</sub>) - E} is necessary and sufficient to asymptotically approximate the output distribution π<sub>X</sub><sup>⊗n</sup> using the channel Q<sub>X|U</sub><sup>⊗n</sup>, where Q<sub>U</sub> → Q<sub>X|U</sub> → Q<sub>X</sub>. The new resolvability result is then used to derive a oneshot upper bound on the error probability in the rate distortion problem; and a lower bound on the size of the eavesdropper list to include the actual message in the wiretap channel problem. Both bounds are asymptotically tight in i.i. d. settings.
Studies of the Mechanistic Details of the pH-dependent Association of Botulinum Neurotoxin with Membranes*

Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) belongs to a large class of toxic proteins that act by enzymatically modifying cytosolic substrates within eukaryotic cells. The process by which a catalytic moiety is transferred across a membrane to enter the cytosol is not understood for any such toxin. BoNT is known to form pH-dependent pores important for the translocation of the catalytic domain into the cytosol. As a first step toward understanding this process, we investigated the mechanism by which the translocation domain of BoNT associates with a model liposome membrane. We report conditions that allow pH-dependent proteoliposome formation and identify a sequence at the translocation domain C terminus that is protected from proteolytic degradation in the context of the proteoliposome. Fluorescence quenching experiments suggest that residues within this sequence move to a hydrophobic environment upon association with liposomes. EPR analyses of spin-labeled mutants reveal major conformational changes in a distinct region of the structure upon association and indicate the formation of an oligomeric membrane-associated intermediate. Together, these data support a model of how BoNT orients with membranes in response to low pH.
Androgen Receptor Accelerates Premature Senescence of Human Dermal Papilla Cells in Association with DNA Damage

The dermal papilla, located in the hair follicle, expresses androgen receptor and plays an important role in hair growth. Androgen/Androgen receptor actions have been implicated in the pathogenesis of androgenetic alopecia, but the exact mechanism is not well known. Recent studies suggest that balding dermal papilla cells exhibit premature senescence, upregulation of p16INK4a, and nuclear expression of DNA damage markers. To investigate whether androgen/AR signaling influences the premature senescence of dermal papilla cells, we first compared frontal scalp dermal papilla cells of androgenetic alopecia patients with matched normal controls and observed that premature senescence is more prominent in the dermal papilla cells of androgenetic alopecia patients. Exposure of androgen induced premature senescence in dermal papilla cells from non-balding frontal and transitional zone of balding scalp follicles but not in beard follicles. Overexpression of the AR promoted androgen-induced premature senescence in association with p16INK4a upregulation, whereas knockdown of the androgen receptor diminished the effects of androgen. An analysis of γ-H2AX expression in response to androgen/androgen receptor signaling suggested that DNA damage contributes to androgen/androgen receptor-accelerated premature senescence. These results define androgen/androgen receptor signaling as an accelerator of premature senescence in dermal papilla cells and suggest that the androgen/androgen receptor-mediated DNA damage-p16INK4a axis is a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia.
Academic identities under threat

This article focuses on the lived experience of practising academics as part of an inquiry into the vexed question of ‘academic identities’. Identity is understood not as a fixed property, but as part of the lived complexity of a person's project. The article reports on data from a small study in one university. The data suggest that academic identity is complex and that, moreover, it cannot be read off from descriptions of teaching, research, or management roles. Respondents in all roles were able to maintain highly distinctive, strongly framed academic identities. Experiences of class, gender and the significance of family are reported as having continued salience in respondents' lives. Moreover, despite all the pressure of performativity, individuals created spaces for the exercise of principled personal autonomy and agency. The article concludes that paying detailed attention to how changes are being experienced is an important element in theorising trends in the sector.
Temporal response properties of retinal ganglion cells in rd1 mice evoked by amplitude-modulated electrical pulse trains.

PURPOSE The electrophysiological properties of degenerated retinas responding to amplitude-modulated electrical pulse trains were investigated to provide a guideline for the development of a stimulation strategy for retinal prostheses. METHODS The activities of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in response to amplitude-modulated pulse trains were recorded from an in vitro model of retinal prosthesis, which consisted of an rd1 mouse retinal patch attached to a planar multielectrode array. The ability of the population activities of RGCs to effectively represent, or encode, the information on the visual intensity time series, when the intensity of visual input is transformed to pulse amplitudes, was investigated. RESULTS An optimal pulse amplitude range was selected so that RGC firing rates increased monotonically and linearly. An approximately 10-Hz rhythm was observed in the field potentials from degenerated retinas, which resulted in a rhythmic burst of spontaneous spikes. Multiple peaks were present in poststimulus time histograms, with interpeak intervals corresponding to the oscillation frequency of the field potentials. Phase resetting of the field potential oscillation by stimulation was consistently observed. Despite a prominent alteration of the properties of electrically evoked firing with respect to normal retinas, RGC response strengths could be modulated by pulse amplitude. Accordingly, the temporal information of stimulation could be faithfully represented in the RGC firing patterns by an amplitude-modulated pulse train. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that pulse amplitude modulation is a feasible means of implementing a stimulation strategy for retinal prostheses, despite the marked change in the physiological properties of RGCs in degenerated retinas.
The Semantics, Pragmatics, and Evolution of Two Verbless Negative Constructions in Nyulnyul

This investigation is a contribution to understudied areas of Australian Aboriginal linguistics and linguistic typology: the negation of existential and possessive clauses. It focuses on two structurally unusual negative verbless constructions in Nyulnyul (Nyulnyulan, Kimberley, Western Australia): a negative possessive indicating that a possessor lacks possessions of a specified type; and a negative existential indicating the absence of entities of the specified type at a particular location. Formal and semantic evidence is presented showing that these represent two distinct constructions. It is suggested that the negative existential emerged via reanalysis of a subtype of the negative possessive construction through a diachronic process that was not motivated by metaphorical or metonymic transfer, but by purely formal and pragmatic reinterpretations.
The Meaning and Measurement of Environments in Holland's Theory

Abstract A major advantage of Holland's (1997) theory is that it provides a parallel way of describing people and environments. Vocational psychology has provided many ways of assessing people but not environments. One of Holland's major contributions during the past four decades has been to develop techniques for assessing and classifying different vocational environments, principally educational settings and occupations. These techniques have allowed Holland and his associates to plumb the validity of his environmental formulations. His newest environmental measure, the Position Classification Inventory (G. Gottfredson & Holland, 1991) promises to stimulate intensive research, both inside and outside vocational psychology, on vocational environments.
Predicting parents’ intentions not to smoke indoors in the presence of their children using an extended version of the theory of planned behaviour

The present study examined whether the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) could predict parents’ intentions not to smoke indoors in the presence of their children. Moral norms, smoker identity, parent identity, and positive and negative anticipated affect were included as additional predictors. A questionnaire was sent to a representative sample of 1000 households in Norway with children born in 1998, and was completed by 612 respondents. The TPB variables and the extension variables were measured among the smokers in the sample (101 women and 61 men). Intentions were predicted by subjective norms and perceived behavioural control. The data were supportive of the inclusion of smoker identity and moral norms in the TPB. We also found a significant interaction effect between parent identity and smoker identity, and between negative anticipated affect and moral norms. Furthermore, we identified significant interactions between gender and three of the predictors of behavioural intentions. The TPB components explained 56% of the variance in intentions, while the additional variables explained a further 19%.
Potential of Resveratrol in Inhibiting Cancer and Slowing Aging

Resveratrol (3, 4’, 5 trihydroxystilbene) is a natural phytoalexin produced in response to injury by various plants including grapevines, berries and peanuts. Extensive evidence has indicated the beneficial effects of resveratrol on neurological, hepatic, cardiovascular, and inflammatory diseases. One of the most striking biological activities of resveratrol is its cancer chemopreventive potential. It has been shown recently that resveratrol blocks multiple processes during carcinogenesis including tumor initiation, promotion and progression. In addition, resveratrol has been shown to delay aging and age-associated diseases. Potential mechanisms involving resveratrol-induced age delay may be due to its effect on anti-oxidation and increased expression of SIRT1 (silence information regulator 1) by mimicking CR-induced longevity processes. However the precise mechanisms for resveratrol on its anti-cancer and anti-aging effects are still under investigation. In this review, we will also introduce a new resveratrol-derived product, pterostilbene, known as one of the analogues of resveratrol. Pterostilbene has been considered as a bioactive dietary compound for its anti-cancer and anti-aging properties. Better understanding of the important role of resveratrol and its derived bioactive dietary compounds in regulation of cancer and aging processes may lead to clinical advances in the prevention and therapy of human diseases by applying this novel dietary regimen.
Cellular senescence is an important mechanism of tumor regression upon c-Myc inactivation

Oncogene-induced senescence is an important mechanism by which normal cells are restrained from malignant transformation. Here we report that the suppression of the c-Myc (MYC) oncogene induces cellular senescence in diverse tumor types including lymphoma, osteosarcoma, and hepatocellular carcinoma. MYC inactivation was associated with prototypical markers of senescence, including acidic β-gal staining, induction of p16INK4a, and p15INK4b expression. Moreover, MYC inactivation induced global changes in chromatin structure associated with the marked reduction of histone H4 acetylation and increased histone H3 K9 methylation. Osteosarcomas engineered to be deficient in p16INK4a or Rb exhibited impaired senescence and failed to exhibit sustained tumor regression upon MYC inactivation. Similarly, only after lymphomas were repaired for p53 expression did MYC inactivation induce robust senescence and sustained tumor regression. The pharmacologic inhibition of signaling pathways implicated in oncogene-induced senescence including ATM/ATR and MAPK did not prevent senescence associated with MYC inactivation. Our results suggest that cellular senescence programs remain latently functional, even in established tumors, and can become reactivated, serving as a critical mechanism of oncogene addiction associated with MYC inactivation.
Practicing Collaboration: What We Learn from a Cohort That Functions Well

Students in the Unified Elementary/Special Education Program at the University of Florida are organized into cohort groups, a common recommendation within the special education teacher education literature. Although highly effective in some instances, the literature also documents numerous problems in the use of cohorts. The current study was designed to gain insight into strategies that might help students and faculty build positive cultures and collaboration skills in cohorts. Drawing on student interviews with members of a particularly cohesive cohort, we identify and explain five strategies that students utilize to assist a cohort in developing a strong sense of community and positive group dynamics. These include: keeping an academic focus, pulling one's own weight, taking care of the community, being willing to move outside one's comfort zone, and including everyone. The specific examples will be useful for teacher educators using or considering the use of student cohort groups.
Official ERS/ATS clinical practice guidelines: noninvasive ventilation for acute respiratory failure

Noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIV) is widely used in the acute care setting for acute respiratory failure (ARF) across a variety of aetiologies. This document provides European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society recommendations for the clinical application of NIV based on the most current literature. The guideline committee was composed of clinicians, methodologists and experts in the field of NIV. The committee developed recommendations based on the GRADE (Grading, Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) methodology for each actionable question. The GRADE Evidence to Decision framework in the guideline development tool was used to generate recommendations. A number of topics were addressed using technical summaries without recommendations and these are discussed in the supplementary material. This guideline committee developed recommendations for 11 actionable questions in a PICO (population–intervention–comparison–outcome) format, all addressing the use of NIV for various aetiologies of ARF. The specific conditions where recommendations were made include exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiogenic pulmonary oedema, de novo hypoxaemic respiratory failure, immunocompromised patients, chest trauma, palliation, post-operative care, weaning and post-extubation. This document summarises the current state of knowledge regarding the role of NIV in ARF. Evidence-based recommendations provide guidance to relevant stakeholders. ERS/ATS evidence-based recommendations for the use of noninvasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure http://ow.ly/NrqB30dAYSQ
Validation of an automatic reference region extraction for the quantification of [18F]DPA-714 in dynamic brain PET studies

There is a great need for a non-invasive methodology enabling the quantification of translocator protein overexpression in PET clinical imaging. [18F]DPA-714 has emerged as a promising translocator protein radiotracer as it is fluorinated, highly specific and returned reliable quantification using arterial input function. Cerebellum gray matter was proposed as reference region for simplified quantification; however, this method cannot be used when inflammation involves cerebellum. Here we adapted and validated a supervised clustering (supervised clustering algorithm (SCA)) for [18F]DPA-714 analysis. Fourteen healthy subjects genotyped for translocator protein underwent an [18F]DPA-714 PET, including 10 with metabolite-corrected arterial input function and three for a test–retest assessment. Two-tissue compartmental modelling provided BP ND AIF estimates that were compared to either BP ND LoganSCA or BP ND LoganCRB generated by Logan analysis (using supervised clustering algorithm extracted reference region or cerebellum gray matter). The supervised clustering algorithm successfully extracted a pseudo-reference region with similar reliability using classes that were defined using either all subjects, or separated into HAB and MAB subjects. BP ND AIF , BP ND LoganSCA and BP ND LoganCRB were highly correlated (ICC of 0.91 ± 0.05) but BP ND LoganSCA were ∼26% higher and less variable than BP ND LoganCRB . Reproducibility was good with 5% variability in the test–retest study. The clustering technique for [18F]DPA-714 provides a simple, robust and reproducible technique that can be used for all neurological diseases.