Professional development, reflection, and decision-making

Chapter One THE CONTEXT OF PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT. Melanie Jasper. The Context of Professional Development, Reflective Practice and. Decision-Making. The Context of Professional Development in Britain today. Government influences on Continuing Professional Development. Personal Development Plans. The Knowledge and Skills Framework. The Skills Escalator. The Role of the Nursing and Midwifery Council. Expectations of your employers. Service user expectations. Professional Development Activities. A Model of Professional Development. The novice nurse. The competent nurse. The proficient nurse. The expert nurse. A Strategy for Professional Development. Relevant to your needs. Easily defined. Achievable in the time available. Timely. Chapter Summary. References. Chapter Two REFLECTION AND REFLECTIVE PRACTICE. Melanie Jasper. The Context of Reflective Practice. Setting the Scene - Reflection, Reflective Learning and Reflective Practice. Reflective Practice as Professional Practice and Development. The Benefits of Practicing Reflectively. Benefits for the individual. Benefits for patients and service users. Benefits for your employer. Benefits for your profession. Tools for Reflective Practice. Experience - choosing a focus for reflection - the first side of the triangle. Using the reflective processes - the second side of the triangle. Using frameworks and models. Creating a framework for reflection. Putting the 'action' into reflective practice - the third side of the triangle. What is action? Micro-methods for Reflective Practice. How do you reflect - using micro-strategies. Using the 5 WH cues. Borton's framework. Developing critical thinking. Using others to help your reflective activity. Chapter Summary. References. Chapter Three REFLECTIVE WRITING IN PROFESSIONAL. DEVELOPMENT. Melanie Jasper. Reflective writing in professional development. The nature of writing. When to write? Structuring reflective writing. Using the 5WH cues. Strategies for reflective writing. Techniques for reflective writing. Short period/stimulatory/getting started techniques. The three-a-day technique. The credit card technique. Time limited stimuli. My day. NMC code of professional code. Medium term and developmental techniques. Long term techniques. Experienced nurses' use of reflective writing in professional portfolios: a grounded theory. Background to the use of reflective writing in CPD. Methodology. Data collection and analysis. Presenting the theory. Core category - developing evidence of accountable. Practice. Main category one - professional development. Main category two - personal development. Main category three - critical thinking. Main category four - outcomes for (clinical) practice. Chapter summary. References. Chapter Four DECISION MAKING IN PROFESSIONAL PRACTICE. Georgina Koubel. Making Decisions. Decision making in everyday life: intuitive and analytical thinking. Personal and Professional Decision making. The Legal and Social Context of Health Care. Values and the Ethical Context of Professional Practice. Decision Making Models. A Process Model of Decision Making - using the 5wh cues. Decision Making in Practice. Accountability. Capacity and Consent. Chapter summary. References. Chapter Five EVIDENCE-BASED PRACTICE. Gary Rolfe. Introduction. What is evidence-based practice? Terminology. Evidence from research. Other forms of evidence. Hierarchies of evidence. Judging evidence for use in practice. Judgements based on hierarchies. Judgements based on expertise. Using evidence to support decisions in practice. Chapter summary. References. Chapter Six PORTFOLIOS AND THE USE OF EVIDENCE. Melanie Jasper. What is a portfolio? Defining a portfolio. Qualified nurses' use of portfolios. Students' use of portfolios. The purpose of a portfolio. Structuring a portfolio. Defining the outcomes and setting objectives. Using evidence in a portfolio. Types of evidence. Models of portfolios. A portfolio structure to document professional development and accountability as a practitioner. Professional development. Personal development. Critical thinking. Outcomes for clinical practice. Some strategies for portfolio construction. Developing a learning contract. Using the portfolio as a workbook. Using a learning journal. Using the NMC Code of Professional Conduct. Using the NMC PREP standards. In-depth analysis of a case study. Ethical issues to be considered in portfolios. Chapter summary. References. Chapter Seven UNDERSTANDING CLINICAL SUPERVISION: A HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY ORIENTATED PROCESS OF PERSON CENTRED DEVELOPMENT. Paul Elliot. Defining clinical supervision. Clinical supervision - a misunderstood term? Re-defining clinical supervision. Applying theories and approaches in health psychology to person-centred development. Origins and models. Using the biopsychosocial approach. Roles within the PCD process. Other roles related to the PCD process. Using PCD as a strategy for personal and professional development. Chapter summary. References. Chapter Eight PRACTICING AS A PROFESSIONAL. Melanie Jasper. Introduction. What is professional practice? Requiring higher education. Having a body of knowledge and theory. Providing vital human and social services. Possessing autonomy, control and accountability. Involving altruistic life work. Having a code of ethics. The Nursing and Midwifery Code of Professional Conduct: standards for conduct, performance and ethics 2004. The Clauses of the Code of Professional Conduct. Clause One: Respect for the patient and client as an individual. Clause Two: Informed consent. Clause Three: Confidentiality. Record keeping. What is a record? Content and style. Legal issues related to record-keeping. Access and ownership. The Data Protection Act 1998. The Freedom of Information Act 2000. Computer-held records. Clause Four: Co-operation with other members of the inter-professional team. Clause Five: Maintaining professional knowledge and competence. Clause Six: Being trustworthy. Clause Seven: Identifying and minimising risks to patients and events. Indemnity insurance. Guidance for students. Chapter summary. References