Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder in parents of transplant recipients: incidence, severity, and related factors.

OBJECTIVE To examine the incidence, severity, and factors related to posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms in parents of pediatric solid organ transplant recipients. METHOD A total of 170 caregivers of pediatric transplant recipients completed self-report measures of psychological functioning between 10 and 38 months after their child's most recent transplant. Demographic data, child health variables, and ratings of medical attitudes and social functioning were also collected to help explain individual differences in psychological functioning. RESULTS Although caregivers of pediatric transplant recipients did not report elevated levels of depression or anxiety, they did report elevated levels of PTSD symptoms. Multiple regression analyses revealed that PTSD symptoms were most strongly associated with parent reports of child health, family impact of the transplant, and attitudes toward medical caregivers. CONCLUSIONS PTSD seems to be relatively common in parents of pediatric transplant recipients and may be largely the result of how parents perceive and interpret the transplant experience.
On the causal links between health indicator , output , combustible renewables and waste consumption , rail transport , and CO 2 emissions : the case of Tunisia

This study employs the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach and Granger causality test to investigate the shortand long-run relationships between health indicator, real GDP, combustible renewables and waste consumption, rail transport, and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions for the case of Tunisia, spanning the period of 1990–2011. The empirical findings suggest that the Fisher statistic of the Wald test confirm the existence of a long-run relationship between the variables. Moreover, the long-run estimated elasticities of the ARDLmodel provide that output and combustible renewables and waste consumption have a positive and statistically significant impact on health situation, while CO2 emissions and rail transport both contribute to the decrease of health indicator. Granger causality results affirm that, in the short-run, there is a unidirectional causality running from real GDP to health, a unidirectional causality from health to combustible renewables and waste consumption, and a unidirectional causality from all variables to CO2 emissions. In the long-run, all the computed error correction terms are significant and confirm the existence of long-run association among the variables. Our recommendations for the Tunisian policymakers are as follows: (i) exploiting wastes and renewable fuels can be a good strategy to eliminate pollution caused by emissions and subsequently improve health quality, (ii) the use of renewable energy as a main source for national rail transport is an effective strategy for public health, (iii) renewable energy investment projects are beneficial plans for the country as this contributes to the growth of its own economy and reduce energy dependence, and (iii) more renewable energy consumption leads not only to decrease pollution but also to stimulate health situation because of the increase of doctors and nurses numbers.
Estimating routing symmetry on single links by passive flow measurements

The assumption of routing symmetry is often embedded into traffic analysis and classification tools. This paper uses passively captured network data to estimate the amount of traffic actually routed symmetrically on a specific link. We propose a Flow-Based Symmetry Estimator (FSE) -- a set of metrics to assess symmetry in terms of flows, packets and bytes, which disregards inherently asymmetrical traffic such as UDP, ICMP and TCP background radiation. This normalized metric allows fair comparison of symmetry across different links. We evaluate our method on a large heterogeneous dataset, and confirm anecdotal reports that routing symmetry typically does not hold for non-edge Internet links, and decreases as one moves toward core backbone links, due to routing policy complexity. Our proposed metric for traffic asymmetry induced by routing policies will help the community improve traffic characterization techniques and formats, but also support quantitative formalization of routing policy effects on links in the wild.
High-Performance Drug Discovery: Computational Screening by Combining Docking and Molecular Dynamics Simulations

Virtual compound screening using molecular docking is widely used in the discovery of new lead compounds for drug design. However, this method is not completely reliable and therefore unsatisfactory. In this study, we used massive molecular dynamics simulations of protein-ligand conformations obtained by molecular docking in order to improve the enrichment performance of molecular docking. Our screening approach employed the molecular mechanics/Poisson-Boltzmann and surface area method to estimate the binding free energies. For the top-ranking 1,000 compounds obtained by docking to a target protein, approximately 6,000 molecular dynamics simulations were performed using multiple docking poses in about a week. As a result, the enrichment performance of the top 100 compounds by our approach was improved by 1.6–4.0 times that of the enrichment performance of molecular dockings. This result indicates that the application of molecular dynamics simulations to virtual screening for lead discovery is both effective and practical. However, further optimization of the computational protocols is required for screening various target proteins.
Motivated to confront: How experiencing anger affects anchoring bias

Prior research has asserted that emotions affect anchoring bias in decision making through the emotion’s certainty appraisal (Inbar & Gilovich, 2011) or through the emotion’s action tendencies (Jung & Young, 2012) but these prior studies investigate the role of each component—appraisal or action tendency—without accounting for potential effects of the other one. The current research investigates whether anger exerts a significant effect on anchoring bias by activating a desire to confront a potential anchor. Importantly, the studies compare the effect of anger versus disgust, emotions that differ in their action tendency but are similar in their certainty appraisal. In Study 1, participants completed an emotion induction task and then a negotiation task where the first offer from the negotiation partner served as a potential anchor. Anger led to more deviation from the anchor compared to disgust or neutral feelings. Subsequent studies provide evidence that the angry participants are less anchored when the anchor value comes from a more confrontable source (someone else versus themselves in Study 2 and an out-group member versus an in-group member in Study 3). differ—valence, cognitive appraisal dimensions, and action tendencies—before emotion conditions and interpreting results.
Hepatitis B-related knowledge and vaccination in association with discrimination against Hepatitis B in rural China

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a challenging public-health issue in China. Hepatitis B carriers and patients suffer not only physically but also experience strong discrimination and stigma. China's rural population is 629 million. Thus, there is a great need to understand the situation surrounding HBV-related discrimination in everyday life in rural China. We studied 6,538 participants (≥18 y old) from 42 villages across 7 provinces (districts). Many studies have addressed discrimination against those with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). However, few studies have addressed HBV-related discrimination. We found that the fear of HBV infection, not lack of knowledge about it, predominantly leads to HBV-related discrimination (although limited knowledge is also a cause). Notably, receiving the HBV vaccination contributes to reduced discrimination. In addition, the existence of fewer misunderstandings about false HBV transmission routes plays a more important role in discrimination than does understanding of true HBV transmission routes. Therefore, to reduce HBV-related discrimination, policy makers should consider eliminating HBV-related fear, strengthening adult HBV immunization programs, developing large-scale education dissemination about HBV transmission routes and non-transmission routes, and paying greater attention to target populations.
The relationship of the inferior dental canal to the roots of impacted mandibular third molars in a Jordanian population.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the topographic relationship between the inferior dental canals (IDCs) and the roots of impacted mandibular third molars. METHODS Preoperative orthopantomograms (OPGs) were examined and the proximity of the IDC to the roots of impacted mandibular third molars was categorized into the following: groups: superimposition, adjacent, perforation, grooving, notching, or none. The categories notching, grooving, and perforation were regrouped together and called the true relationship between the IDC and the root apices. The type of impaction, age, and sex of the patient were also noted. RESULTS The positional category of 96.1% of the radiographs with bilateral impactions was identical on both sides of the mandible. Out of 2526 impacted mandibular third molars examined, 1146 (45.3%) belonged to the superimposition category, 663 (26.2%) were adjacent, 312 (12.3%) showed grooving, 78 (3.08%) showed notching, and 9 (0.35%) were actually perforating the IDC. The results showed 15.7% of the total cases were in true relationship with the IDC. There was a significant association (p = 0.000) between patient's age and true relationship. CONCLUSIONS Identical positional relationship of the bilateral impacted third molars to the IDC was noted in 96.1% of the radiographs. The position of the IDC in relation to the roots of impacted third molars varied according to the patient's age.
Tail Estimation of the Spectral Density under Fixed-Domain Asymptotics

Consider a stationary Gaussian random field on Rd with the spectral density f(λ) that satisfies f(λ) ∼ c |Hλ|−θ as |λ| → ∞ for some nonsingular matrix H. The parameters c and θ control the tail behavior of the spectral density. c is related to a microergodic parameter and θ is related to a fractal index. For data observed on a grid, we propose estimators of c and θ by minimizing an objective function, which can be viewed as a weighted local Whittle likelihood and study their asymptotic properties under fixed-domain asymptotics. AMS 2000 subject classifications: Primary 62M30; secondary 62H11.
Leveraging History for Faster Sampling of Online Social Networks

With a vast amount of data available on online social networks, how to enable efficient analytics over such data has been an increasingly important research problem. Given the sheer size of such social networks, many existing studies resort to sampling techniques that draw random nodes from an online social network through its restrictive web/API interface. While these studies differ widely in analytics tasks supported and algorithmic design, almost all of them use the exact same underlying technique of random walk - a Markov Chain Monte Carlo based method which iteratively transits from one node to its random neighbor. Random walk fits naturally with this problem because, for most online social networks, the only query we can issue through the interface is to retrieve the neighbors of a given node (i.e., no access to the full graph topology). A problem with random walks, however, is the "burn-in" period which requires a large number of transitions/queries before the sampling distribution converges to a stationary value that enables the drawing of samples in a statistically valid manner. In this paper, we consider a novel problem of speeding up the fundamental design of random walks (i.e., reducing the number of queries it requires) without changing the stationary distribution it achieves - thereby enabling a more efficient "drop-in" replacement for existing sampling-based analytics techniques over online social networks. Technically, our main idea is to leverage the history of random walks to construct a higher-ordered Markov chain. We develop two algorithms, Circulated Neighbors and Groupby Neighbors Random Walk (CNRW and GNRW) and rigidly prove that, no matter what the social network topology is, CNRW and GNRW offer better efficiency than baseline random walks while achieving the same stationary distribution. We demonstrate through extensive experiments on real-world social networks and synthetic graphs the superiority of our techniques over the existing ones.
Sleep-Related Offline Learning in a Complex Arm Movement Sequence

Abstract Sleep is known to elicit off-line improvements of newly learned procedural skills, a phenomenon attributed to enhancement consolidation of an internal skill representation. In the motor domain, enhancement consolidation has been reported almost exclusively for sequential-finger-tapping skills. The aim of the present study was to extend the notion of sleep-related enhancement consolidation to tasks closer to everyday motor skills. This was achieved by employing a sequence of unrestrained reaching-movements with the non-dominant arm. Fifteen reaching-movements had to be executed as fast as possible, following a spatial pattern in the horizontal plane. Terminating each movement, a peg had to be fitted into a hole on an electronic pegboard. Two experimental groups received initial training, one in the evening, the other one in the morning. Subsequently, performance in both groups was retested twelve, and again 24 hrs later. Thus, during retention each individual experienced a night of sleep, either followed or preceded by a wake interval. Performance error remained low throughout training and retests. Yet mean total execution time, indicative of task execution-speed, significantly decreased for all individuals throughout initial training (no group differences), and significantly decreased again in either group following nocturnal sleep, but not following wake. This finding does not appear to result merely from additional practice afforded at the time of retests, because only after a night of sleep individuals of both experimental groups also revealed performance improvement beyond that estimated from their initial training performance.
1 TH / P 3-30 On the origin of tokamak density limit scalings

In reference [1] it was shown that the onset criterion for radiation driven islands [2] in combination with a simple cylindrical model of tokamak current channel behavior is consistent with the empirical scaling of the Greenwald density limit [3]. A number of the unexplained phenomena at the density limit are consistent with this novel physics mechanism. This paper addresses the onset criteria in the more accurate context of the Modified Rutherford Equatio (MRE). In particular it addresses the effect of finite Δʹ′ on the mode onset. Δʹ′ is calculated using the current profile model assumed in reference [1]. In addition the effect of the non-linear saturation of Δʹ′ is determined. The scenario for the onset of the radiation driven islands is discussed in the context of these calculated classical drive terms.
YJRS at the NTCIR-13 OpenLiveQ Task

We participated in the NTCIR-13 OpenLiveQ Task in view of improving the baseline method, which is a linear combination of 77 features with different weights. We added three settings of extended BM25F as additional features, replaced the target function of weight optimization and recalculated feature weights using 5-fold cross validation. Our run achieved the best Q-measure score among 10 runs in the offline test. In the online test, our run achieved the secondbest total credit among 10 runs with slight difference from the best one due to its robustness. We also checked winloss counts of our run against other nine runs for each page view. According to the results, our run won all other runs in statistically significantly large number of page views.
Reducing lattice bases to find small-height values of univariate polynomials

This paper illustrates, improves, and unifies a variety of previous results on finding divisors in residue classes (Lenstra, Konyagin, Pomerance, Coppersmith, Howgrave-Graham, Nagaraj), divisors in short intervals (Rivest, Shamir, Coppersmith, Howgrave-Graham), modular roots (Hastad, Vallee, Girault, Toffin, Coppersmith, Howgrave-Graham), highpower divisors (Boneh, Durfee, Howgrave-Graham), and codeword errors beyond half distance (Sudan, Guruswami, Goldreich, Ron, Boneh).
Divergent Effects of Castration on Prostate Cancer in TRAMP Mice: Possible Implications for Therapy

Purpose: Divergent responses to androgen deprivation have been found in patients and in animal models of prostate cancer. The molecular basis for these different outcomes is unknown. Our aim was to identify the molecular responses of prostate cancer with divergent outcomes to androgen deprivation in TRAMP mice. Experimental Design: Castrated and noncastrated B6xFVB TRAMP mice were evaluated for survival, tumor development, pathology, and expressions of specific proteins at different time points. Results: TRAMP mice responded differentially to androgen deprivation. In the majority, primary tumors regressed after castration (positive response), whereas in others the tumors grew even more aggressively than in the noncastrated mice (negative response). Mice with regressed tumors had the highest survival rates. Androgen receptor was elevated in all tumors from castrated mice despite significant differences in tumor sizes. In positively responding tumors, expressions of Bcl-2 and Grp78 were greatly increased by 10 weeks after castration, whereas expressions of Bax, Bcl-xl, SV40 T antigen, and c-myc were lower. These tumors also showed a reduction in proliferating cells compared with noncastrates and negatively responding tumors. Most of these changes disappeared 20 weeks after castration, by which time there was an increase in the size of primary tumors as well as in distant metastasis. Conclusions: In TRAMP prostate cancer that responded positively to castration, different expression patterns of proteins involved in cellular apoptosis, stress, and proliferation occur ∼10 weeks after castration. This may be an optimal time for targeting Bcl-2, and perhaps Grp78, to enhance the antitumor effects of androgen deprivation.
Potential role for metformin in urologic oncology

Metformin is one of the most commonly used drugs worldwide. It is currently considered first-line pharmacological agent for management of diabetes mellitus type 2. Recent studies have suggested that metformin may have further benefits, especially in the field of urologic oncology. Use of metformin has been shown to be associated with decreased incidence and improved outcomes of prostate, bladder, and kidney cancer. These studies suggest that metformin does have a future role in the prevention and management of urologic malignancies. In this review, we will discuss the latest findings in this field and its implications on the management of urologic oncology patients.
Nonlinear Autocorrelograms: an Application to Inter‐Trade Durations

The paper presents a study of temporal dependence in nonlinear transformations of time series. We examine the effects of parametric transformations on autocorrelation values and the persistence range with special emphasis on long memory processes. We derive an invariance property for the order of fractional integration of transformed normal processes and propose a related specification test. Within the class of nonlinear time series transforms, we identify those which maximize autocorrelations at selected lags. This procedure is based on nonlinear canonical correlations analysis adapted to serially correlated data. The methods proposed in this paper may be applied to various financial time series that usually are transformed prior to estimation, like returns, volumes or inter‐trade durations. In examples illustrating our approach, we use series of durations between trades of the Alcatel stock on the Paris Bourse.
ACUTE VERSUS PRIMARY CARE: THE HEALTH CARE DECISION MAKING PROCESS FOR INDIVIDUALS WITH SEVERE MENTAL ILLNESS

Objectives: This study's purpose was to determine factors influencing treatment choices of individuals with severe mental illness (SMI). The sample was drawn from admissions to residential crisis programs in San Francisco. Inclusion criteria were an Axis I and Axis III disorder. Methods: This qualitative study utilized grounded theory method. Interviews and field notes were coded for recurring themes. Descriptive data were also collected. Results: Participants revealed that the most important influences on treatment decisions were immediate need for care, the belief that their subacute complaints will not be taken seriously by providers, positive reinforcement for emergency service use, and enabling factors such as insurance coverage. Other remarkable findings included: numerous reports of substance induced medical crises, lack of support from family, and unawareness of client's medical conditions in psychiatric facilities. Conclusions: Health care seeking behaviors are learned and learning that will promote the use of outpatient services in SMI must include positive experiences in the delivery of care in the primary care setting. Participants were knowledgeable regarding their illnesses and able to articulate symptoms of illness well. Failure to communicate symptoms appeared to reflect the participant's perception of a lack of response to their reports.
Rates and Correlates of Antiretroviral Therapy Use and Virologic Suppression Among Perinatally and Behaviorally HIV-Infected Youth Linked to Care in the United States

Objective:To measure rates of antiretroviral therapy (ART) use and virologic suppression among perinatally HIV-infected youth (PIY) and behaviorally HIV-infected youth (BIY) linked to care in the United States and examine the effects of demographic, biomedical, and psychosocial factors on those rates. Methods:Between 2009 and 2012, 649 PIY and 1547 BIY in 20 Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions sites completed cross-sectional surveys through audio computer–assisted self-interviews. Viral load data were collected from chart abstraction or blood draw. Results:Overall 82.4% of PIY and 49.1% of BIY reported current ART use. Only 37.0% of PIY and 27.1% of BIY were virologically suppressed. Virologic suppression rates did not vary as a function of time since HIV diagnosis in either group. Consistent HIV care and no current substance abuse were significant correlates of ART use among PIY. These variables and non–African American race were some factors associated with virologic suppression for PIY [odds ratios (ORs) P < 0.05]. Among BIY, older age, heterosexuals, employment, and education were significantly related to ART use (ORs: P < 0.05); suppression was related to ART use ≥6 months, ≥90% ART adherence, and consistent HIV care (ORs: P < 0.05). Nearly 75% (n = 498) of nonsuppressed youth reported unprotected sex in the past 3 months. Conclusions:There are continued challenges with successfully treating youth even once diagnosed and linked to HIV care. Strategies targeting barriers to ART access, use, and virologic suppression are needed to optimize the impact of the “Treatment as Prevention” paradigm among PIY and BIY.