Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Making concrete construals mindful: A novel approach for developing mindfulness and self-compassion to assist weight loss

Research on the usefulness of mindfulness and self-compassion for dieting has focused on meditative practices. However, meditation can be difficult to maintain, especially while dieting. Thus, the present research attempted to induce mindfulness and self-compassion by using food diaries that required the participant to either focus on concrete (i.e. how they are eating) construals or abstract (i.e. why they are eating) construals. The concrete construals were expected to increase mindfulness and self-compassion, as well as decrease avoidance and negative thoughts (which would further aid the development of mindfulness and self-compassion). Study 1 found that mindfulness and self-compassion mediated the inverse relationship of avoidance and negative thoughts with weight loss. Study 2 showed that concrete construal diaries increased mindfulness and self-compassion, decreased avoidance and negative thoughts, and supported weight loss significantly more than the abstract construal diaries. Study 3, then, compared the concrete construal diaries with a mindful self-compassionate meditation programme. There was no difference in weight loss at the end of the intervention, but at a three-month follow-up, the diaries performed better at weight maintenance. Thus, the concrete construal diaries may promote mindfulness and self-compassion and potentially promote long-term weight loss.
Computational and Experimental Flow Field Analyses of Separate Flow Chevron Nozzles and Pylon Interaction

A computational and experimental flow field analyses of separate flow chevron nozzles is presented. The goal of this study is to identify important flow physics and modeling issues required to provide highly accurate flow field data which will later serve as input to the Jet3D acoustic prediction code. Four configurations are considered: a baseline round nozzle with and without a pylon, and a chevron core nozzle with and without a pylon. The flow is simulated by solving the asymptotically steady, compressible, Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations using an implicit, up-wind, flux-difference splitting finite volume scheme and standard two-equation kappa-epsilon turbulence model with a linear stress representation and the addition of a eddy viscosity dependence on total temperature gradient normalized by local turbulence length scale. The current CFD results are seen to be in excellent agreement with Jet Noise Lab data and show great improvement over previous computations which did not compensate for enhanced mixing due to high temperature gradients.
Mobiles in class?

Change and exploration offer students and staff the opportunity to positively embrace use of mobile devices in higher education teaching, so that the much-vaunted pursuit of technology-based co-production of learning can become a reality. There is a need to evaluate the incidence and effect of the use of mobile devices in class, however, given the newness and rapidly changing nature of the technologies. This study presents a review of the pros and cons of students using mobile phones, smartphones, laptops and tablets in contact sessions. It sets out to determine how the potential of mobile devices for learning may be realised, and negatives minimised, given that the literature paints a very mixed picture of both positive and negative impacts of using mobile devices for higher education teaching and learning. In addition, there are insights from students about how they and lecturers can practically enhance use of technologies in class. There remain gaps in research around this topic, for example, looking at whether students undertaking different subjects respond differently to the use of mobile devices for study.
HIGH-VELOCITY NEON LINE EMISSION FROM THE ULIRG IRAS F00183–7111: REVEALING THE OPTICALLY OBSCURED BASE OF A NUCLEAR OUTFLOW

We report the first mid-infrared detection of highly disturbed ionized gas in the ultraluminous infrared galaxy (ULIRG) IRAS F00183–7111. The gas, traced by the 12.81 μm [Ne ii] and 15.56 μm [Ne iii] lines, spans a velocity range of–3500 to +3000 km s−1 with respect to systemic velocity. Optical and near-infrared spectroscopic studies show no evidence for similarly high velocity gas components in forbidden lines at shorter wavelengths. We interpret this as the result of strong extinction (AV = 10–50) on the high-velocity gas, which identifies the base of the outflow traced in 5007 Å [O iii] as a plausible origin. Unusual excitation conditions are implied by a comparison of the mid-infrared low-excitation neon line emission and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission for a sample of 56 ULIRGs. For IRAS F00183–7111, the neon/PAH ratio is 8 times higher than the average ratio. Similar mid-infrared kinematic and excitation characteristics are found for only two other ULIRGs in our sample: IRAS 12127–1412NE and IRAS 13451+1232. Both sources have an elevated neon/PAH ratio and exhibit pronounced blue wings in their 15.56 μm [Ne iii] line profiles. IRAS 13451+1232 even shows a strongly blueshifted and broad 14.32 μm [Ne v] line. While for IRAS 13451+1232 the observed [Ne iii]/[Ne ii] and [Ne v]/[Ne ii] line ratios indicate exposure of the blueshifted gas to direct radiation from the AGN, for IRAS F00183–7111 and IRAS 12127–1412NE the neon line ratios are consistent with an origin in fast shocks in a high-density environment, and with an evolutionary scenario in which strongly blueshifted [Ne ii] and [Ne iii] emission trace the (partial) disruption of the obscuring medium around a buried AGN. The detection of strongly blueshifted [Ne v] emission in IRAS 13451+1232 would then indicate this process to be much further advanced in this ULIRG than in IRAS F00183–7111 and IRAS 12127–1412NE, where this line is undetected.
Huanglongbing: a destructive, newly-emerging, century-old disease of citrus [Asia; South Africa; Brazil; Florida]

A detailed account is given of the history, aetiology, biology, epidemiology, detection, geographical distribution, and control of huanglongbing (HLB), a destructive disease of citrus that represents a major threat to the world citrus industry, and is slowly invading new citrusgrowing areas. HLB, whose uarne in Chinese means "yellow dragon disease", was first reported from southern China in 1919 and is now known to occur in next to 40 different Asian, African, Oceanian, South and North American countries. The agent is a phloem-restricted, non cultured, Gram-negative bacterium causing crippling diseases denoted "greening" in South Africa, "mottle leaf" in the Philippines, "dieback" in India, "vein phloem degeneration" in Indonesia. The HLB bacterium belongs to the genus Candidatus Liberibacter, three species of which are currently known, Candidatu.I· Liberibacter asiaticus, occurring in Asian countries and, to a lesser extent, in Brazil and the USA (Florida), Candidatus Liberibacter africanus with its subspecies "capensis", recorded from African countries, and Candidatu.l Liberibacter americanus present in Brazil. The suggestion is that each liberibacter species has evolved in the continent after which it is named. HLB symptoms are virtually the same wherever the disease occurs. Infected trees show a blotchy mottle condition of the leaves that results in the development of yellow shoots, the early and very characteristic symptom of the disease. Trees are stunted, declining and bear a few, small-sized, and deformed (lop-sided) fruits, that are poorly coloured (greening) and 'with coloration starting at the peduncular end (Colour inversion). HLB can . be transmitted by grafting from citrus to citrus and by dodder to periwinkle. The psyllids Trioza erytreae and Diaphorina citri are natural vectors. Two different types of
Pacific Interdecadal-decadal Climate Variability Interdecadal-decadal Climate Variability from Multi-coral Oxygen Isotope Records in the 1 South Pacific Convergence Zone Region since 1650 A.d. 2 3

3 Braddock K. Linsley*+; Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University at Albany, 4 State University of New York, Albany, New York, USA (phone: 518-442-4478), 5 (blinsley@albany.edu) 6 Peipei Zhang+; Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University at Albany, State 7 University of New York, Albany, New York, USA (zhang_pei_pei@hotmail.com) 8 Alexey Kaplan; Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, New 9 York, USA, (alexeyk@ldeo.columbia.edu) 10 Stephen S. Howe; Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University at Albany, State 11 University of New York, Albany, New York, USA, (showe@albany.edu) 12 Gerard M. Wellington; Department of Biology, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA 13 * = corresponding author 14 += these authors contributed equally to this work 15 16
Roundoff errors in fixed-point FFT

The general assumptions made about roundoff noise are that its samples form a white sequence. and they are uniformly distributed between ±q/2, where q is the size of the LSB. While this is often true, strange cases may appear, e.g. misleading peaks can occur in the spectrum. This paper investigates the roundoff error of fixed-point FFT. It reproduces the results of Welch (1969) with modern tools, points at an error in his simulations, and investigates the consequences of the violation of the assumption for almost pure sine waves. The maximum amplitude of spurious peaks is determined and the reduced dynamic range is given.
INCREMENTS OF UNCORRELATED TIME SERIES CAN BE PREDICTED WITH A UNIVERSAL 75% PROBABILITY OF SUCCESS

We present a simple and general result that the sign of the variations or increments of uncorrelated times series are predictable with a remarkably high success probability of 75% for symmetric sign distributions. The origin of this paradoxical result is explained in details. We also present some tests on synthetic, financial and global temperature time series.
Life-span development of functional brain networks as assessed with minimum spanning tree analysis of resting state EEG

The brain matures with large quantitative changes in anatomy and function. Graph analysis of EEG has previously revealed increased connectivity between distant brain areas and a decrease in randomness and increased integration in the brain network with concurrent increased modularity. Comparisons of graph parameters across age groups, however, may be confounded with network degree distributions. Here, we analyzed graph parameters from minimum spanning tree (MST) graphs. MST graphs are constructed by selecting only the strongest available connections avoiding loops resulting in a backbone graph that is thought reflect the major qualitative properties of connectivity while allowing a better comparison across age groups by avoiding the degree distribution confound. EEG was recorded in a large (N=1500) population-based sample aged 5 to 71 years. Connectivity was assessed using Phase Lag Index to reduce effects of volume conduction. As previously reported, connectivity increased from childhood to adolescence, continuing to grow nonsignificantly into adulthood decreasing only after ~30 years of age. Leaf number, degree, degree correlation, maximum centrality from the MST graph indicated a pattern of increased integration and decreased randomness from childhood into early adulthood. The observed development in network topology suggested that maturation at the neuronal level is aimed to increase connectivity as well as increase integration of the brain network. We confirm that brain network connectivity shows quantitative changes across the life span, and additionally demonstrate parallel qualitative changes in the connectivity pattern.
Towards practical genre classification of web documents

Classification of documents by genre is typically done either using linguistic analysis or term frequency based techniques. The former provides better classification accuracy than the latter but at the cost of two orders of magnitude more computation time. While term frequency analysis requires much less computational resources than linguistic analysis,it returns poor classification accuracy when the genres are not sufficiently distinct. A method that removes or approximates the expensive portions of linguistic analysis is presented.The accuracy and computation time of this method then compared with both linguistic analysis and term frequency analysis. The results in this paper show that this method can significantly reduce the computation of both time of linguistic analysis and term frequency analysis, while retaining an accuracy that is higher than that of term frequency analysis.
Diabetes mellitus and risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND Diabetes has been associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer in most, but not all, studies. Findings have also been inconclusive with regard to sex and subsite in the colorectum. To resolve these inconsistencies, we conducted a meta-analysis of published data on the association between diabetes and the incidence and mortality of colorectal cancer. METHODS We identified studies by a literature search of Medline from January 1, 1966, through July 31, 2005, and by searching the reference lists of pertinent articles. Summary relative risks (RRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with a random-effects model. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS Analysis of 15 studies (six case-control and nine cohort studies), including 2 593 935 participants, found that diabetes was associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer, compared with no diabetes (summary RR of colorectal cancer incidence = 1.30, 95% CI = 1.20 to 1.40), without heterogeneity between studies (P(heterogeneity) = . 21). These results were consistent between case-control and cohort studies and between studies conducted in the United States and in Europe. The association between diabetes and colorectal cancer incidence did not differ statistically significantly by sex (summary RR among women = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.23 to 1.44; summary RR among men = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.15 to 1.44; P(heterogeneity) = . 26) or by cancer subsite (summary RR for colon = 1.43, 95% CI = 1.28 to 1.60; summary RR for rectum = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.14 to 1.54; P(heterogeneity) = . 42). Diabetes was positively associated with colorectal cancer mortality (summary RR = 1.26, 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.50), but there was evidence for heterogeneity between studies (P(heterogeneity) = . 04). CONCLUSIONS Our findings strongly support a relationship between diabetes and increased risk of colon and rectal cancer in both women and men.
Molecular spiders in one dimension

Molecular spiders are synthetic biomolecular systems which have ‘legs’ made of short single-stranded segments of DNA. Spiders move on a surface covered with single-stranded DNA segments complementary to legs. Different mappings are established between various models of spiders and simple exclusion processes. For spiders with simple gait and varying number of legs we compute the diffusion coefficient; when the hopping is biased we also compute their velocity.
Classification of multiplicity free Hamiltonian actions of complex tori on Stein manifolds

A Hamiltonian action of a complex torus on a symplectic complex manifold is said to be {\it multiplicity free} if a general orbit is a lagrangian submanifold. To any multiplicity free Hamiltonian action of a complex torus $T\cong (\C^\times)^n$ on a Stein manifold $X$ we assign a certain 5-tuple consisting of a Stein manifold $Y$, an \'{e}tale map $Y\to \t^*$, a set of divisors on $Y$ and elements of $H^2(Y,\Z)^{\oplus n}, H^2(Y,\C)$. We show that $X$ is uniquely determined by this invariants. Furthermore, we describe all 5-tuples arising in this way.
The Chinese Primary Care System: Its Evolution, Challenges and Legal Aspects of Reform

There has been much interest in China and abroad in the Chinese health care system and its legal system. To date, however, there has not been adequate study tying legal reform and health care reform in China. This paper seeks to bridge those disciplines by studying, for many reasons, the most crucial aspect of the Chinese health care system: the primary care system. The author examines herein recent efforts at reform in primary care, and explores some major legal and policy issues relating to both the national and local governments’ efforts at reform, and also citizens’ efforts using the expanding power of the legal system. For this study, the author looked at other academic and government studies on the Chinese health care system and its legal system. He also attended and reviewed presentations and interviewed professors with direct knowledge of the situation in China. The research shows that the Chinese primary care system, and in fact its entire health care system, is undergoing tremendous change and faces similar problems as the United States. National-local government differences in responsibilities might hamper efforts at reform while changes in administrative law have empowered citizens to a degree, although they still depend on the government to take action. Overall, China would likely need to find a culturally acceptable and practically workable balance between national and local power, and between governmental and citizen responsibility, in achieving health care reform.
Economic Booms and Risky Sexual Behavior: Evidence from Zambian Copper Mining Cities *

Existing studies suggest that individual and household level economic shocks affect the demand for and supply of risky sex. However, little evidence exists on the effects of an aggregate shock on equilibrium risky sexual behavior. This paper examines the effects of the early twenty-first century copper boom on risky sexual behavior in Zambian copper mining cities. The results indicate that the copper boom substantially reduced rates of transactional sex and multiple partnerships in copper mining cities. These effects were partly concentrated among young adults and copper boom induced in-migration to mining cities appears to have contributed to these reductions. provided superb research assistance. All errors are my own. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the aforementioned individuals or their employers.
Quasi-periodic atrial activity components in the ECG used to discriminate between paroxysmal and chronic atrial fibrillation

Spatiotemporal organization in atrial fibrillation has recently been observed in invasive studies with a left-to-right frequency gradient. We propose the use of a recently developed technique named phase-rectified signal averaging to estimate the mean activation rates in leads V1 and V5 to observe the same left-to-right gradient in a noninvasive manner. Based on these values, a classification procedure between paroxysmal (n=43) and chronic (n=20) atrial fibrillation patient is suggested. The processing steps were: baseline correction and ventricular activity cancellation, followed by the phase-rectified signal averaging technique. The three features used were the dominant frequency values of leads V1 and V5 and the absolute value of the difference between these frequencies. These yielded to 84.1% of correct classifications (p < 8.5 times 10-7).
Comparison of TALE designer transcription factors and the CRISPR/dCas9 in regulation of gene expression by targeting enhancers

The transcription activator–like effectors (TALEs) and the RNA-guided clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) associated protein (Cas9) utlilize distinct molecular mechanisms in targeting site recognition. The two proteins can be modified to carry additional functional domains to regulate expression of genomic loci in mammalian cells. In this study, we have compared the two systems in activation and suppression of the Oct4 and Nanog loci by targeting their enhancers. Although both are able to efficiently activate the luciferase reporters, the CRISPR/dCas9 system is much less potent in activating the endogenous loci and in the application of reprogramming somatic cells to iPS cells. Nevertheless, repression by CRISPR/dCas9 is comparable to or even better than TALE repressors. We demonstrated that dCas9 protein binding results in significant physical interference to binding of native transcription factors at enhancer, less efficient active histone markers induction or recruitment of activating complexes in gene activation. This study thus highlighted the merits and drawbacks of transcription regulation by each system. A combined approach of TALEs and CRISPR/dCas9 should provide an optimized solution to regulate genomic loci and to study genetic elements such as enhancers in biological processes including somatic cell reprogramming and guided differentiation.
Towards relative continuous-time SLAM

Appearance-based batch nonlinear optimization techniques for simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) have been highly successful in assisting robot motion estimation. Traditionally, these techniques are applied in a single privileged coordinate frame, which can become computationally expensive over long distances, particularly when a loop closure requires the adjustment of many pose variables. Recent approaches to the problem have shown that a completely relative coordinate framework can be used to incrementally find a close approximation of the full maximum likelihood solution in constant time. However, due to the nature of these discrete-time techniques, the state size becomes intractable when challenged with high-rate sensors. We propose moving the relative coordinate formulation of SLAM into continuous time by estimating the velocity profile of the robot. We derive the relative formulation of the continuous-time robot trajectory and formulate an estimator for the SLAM problem using temporal basis functions. Although we do not yet take advantage of large-scale loop closures, we intentionally use a relative formulation to set the stage for future work that will close loops in constant time. We show how the estimator can be used in a window-style filter to incrementally find the batch solution in constant time. The estimator is validated on a set of appearance-based feature measurements acquired using a two-axis scanning laser rangefinder over a 1.1km trajectory.
Circulating MicroRNAs as Potential Biomarkers of Atrial Fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common supraventricular arrhythmia in the population. MicroRNAs (small endogenous noncoding RNAs) are attractive candidates as biomarkers for AF, especially considering that miRNAs are stable and are detected within easily accessible biofluids such as blood. In this review, we selected twelve studies (2012 to 2016) that were classified according to the sample type. We aimed to provide an overview of the role of circulating miRNAs in AF and to discuss the variability of the results, seeking to improve the perspective of the use of miRNAs as potential noninvasive biomarkers for this heart disease.