Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The HR-Firm Performance Relationship: Can it be in the Mind of the Beholder?

This study examined whether respondents’ implicit theories of performance could impact their responses to surveys regarding HR practices and effectiveness. Senior Human Resource and Line Executives and MBA, graduate Engineering, and graduate HR students read scenarios of high and low performing firms and were asked to report on the prevalence of various HR practices and effectiveness of the HR function in each firm. Results indicated that all four groups of respondents held implicit theories that high performing firms were characterized by extensive HR practices and had highly effective HR functions relative to low performing firms. Subjects with substantial work experience reported greater differences between and high and low performing firms than did subjects with relatively little work experience. The implications of these results for research on the HR Practices – Firm Performance relationship are discussed.
Perceived organizational support for women's advancement and turnover intentions

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine if organization's failure to support women's advancement increases turnover intentions of well qualified and experienced professional women, as asserted by many scholars and the mediating influence of job satisfaction and employer satisfaction on the relationship between organizational support and turnover intentions.Design/methodology/approach – A total of 332 female executives (Study 1) and 186 female managers and professionals (Study 2) were surveyed to examine specific, heretofore, untested hypotheses. Such replications ensure that the results are repeatable and not artefactual to particular samples/or settings.Findings – Results of both studies were identical. Perceptions of support were related to turnover intentions. Employer satisfaction had a stronger effect on turnover intentions than job satisfaction, and fully mediated the relationship between support and turnover intentions.Originality/value – Drawing on the social exchange theory, it was expe.
The computer and clinical judgement.

For a number of years it has been predicted that the use of computer technology would result in radical changes in the storage and retrieval of medical data. Only in the past five years, however, have there been major changes in the management of information in medicine. These changes have for the most part been limited to the support of such administrative functions in hospitals as admissions and discharge tracking and census activities; the communication of structured information (for example, laboratory-test orders and results); and the support of such ancillary service functions as scheduling for radiology, the preparation of pharmacy .
The Invention of Decolonization: The Algerian War and the Remaking of France

When the French government recognized the independence of Algeria in July 1962, the idea of what it meant to be French changed radically. Todd Shepard explores how this happened–and how deeply it reached–in this monograph based on his 2002 Rutgers dissertation. Shepard demonstrates convincingly that the discursive strategy employed to justify the abrupt volte-face in French policy towards Algeria overwhelmed over 130 years of legal standards, institutional structures, and political practices developed to align the reality of colonialism with republican traditions, the consequences of which continue to affect notions of French national identity and citizenship. An even broader consequence of this discourse, which articulated “the tide of history” as its basis, was the introduction of “decolonization” as a natural, even inevitable, world historical development, an assertion that Shepard challenges as occluding the role that contingency plays in the outcome of events. Shepard provides a cogent and methodical analysis of how history quite literally “gets made” and how it can affect conceptions of identity and policies rooted in those conceptions.
Forest carbon in lowland Papua New Guinea: Local variation and the importance of small trees

Efforts to incentivize the reduction of carbon emissions from deforestation and forest degradation require accurate carbon accounting. The extensive tropical forest of Papua New Guinea (PNG) is a target for such efforts and yet local carbon estimates are few. Previous estimates, based on models of neotropical vegetation applied to PNG forest plots, did not consider such factors as the unique species composition of New Guinea vegetation, local variation in forest biomass, or the contribution of small trees. We analysed all trees >1 cm in diameter at breast height (DBH) in Melanesia's largest forest plot (Wanang) to assess local spatial variation and the role of small trees in carbon storage. Above-ground living biomass (AGLB) of trees averaged 210.72 Mg ha−1 at Wanang. Carbon storage at Wanang was somewhat lower than in other lowland tropical forests, whereas local variation among 1-ha subplots and the contribution of small trees to total AGLB were substantially higher. We speculate that these differences may be attributed to the dynamics of Wanang forest where erosion of a recently uplifted and unstable terrain appears to be a major source of natural disturbance. These findings emphasize the need for locally calibrated forest carbon estimates if accurate landscape level valuation and monetization of carbon is to be achieved. Such estimates aim to situate PNG forests in the global carbon context and provide baseline information needed to improve the accuracy of PNG carbon monitoring schemes.
Belongingness in Early Secondary School: Key Factors that Primary and Secondary Schools Need to Consider

It is unknown if, and how, students redefine their sense of school belongingness after negotiating the transition to secondary school. The current study used longitudinal data from 266 students with, and without, disabilities who negotiated the transition from 52 primary schools to 152 secondary schools. The study presents the 13 most significant personal student and contextual factors associated with belongingness in the first year of secondary school. Student perception of school belongingness was found to be stable across the transition. No variability in school belongingness due to gender, disability or household-socio-economic status (SES) was noted. Primary school belongingness accounted for 22% of the variability in secondary school belongingness. Several personal student factors (competence, coping skills) and school factors (low-level classroom task-goal orientation), which influenced belongingness in primary school, continued to influence belongingness in secondary school. In secondary school, effort-goal orientation of the student and perception of their school’s tolerance to disability were each associated with perception of school belongingness. Family factors did not influence belongingness in secondary school. Findings of the current study highlight the need for primary schools to foster belongingness among their students at an early age, and transfer students’ belongingness profiles as part of the hand-over documentation. Most of the factors that influenced school belongingness before and after the transition to secondary are amenable to change.
A novel multiplex one-step real-time RT-PCR assay for the simultaneous identification of enterovirus and parechovirus in clinical fecal samples

Summary Introduction. Enterovirus (EV) and parechovirus (PeV) can either infect humans asymptomatically or can cause gastroenteritis, respiratory symptoms and, sometimes, severe disease. As the number of newly identified EV and PeV genotypes keeps increasing, diagnostic methods need to be updated. To this end, we described a novel multiplex one-step real-time RT-PCR to detect EV and human PeV (HPeV) simultaneously in fecal samples collected from children with rotavirus group A (RV-A)-related gastroenteritis. Methods. The specificity and sensitivity of the EV/HPeV realtime RT-PCR were evaluated with two 2011 Quality Control for Molecular Diagnostics (QCMD) panels for EV and HPeV detection. RNA was extracted from 111 RV-A-positive fecal samples collected from children up to 5 years of age who had been hospitalized for gastroenteritis from September 2010 to August 2011. Results. The EV/HPeV real-time RT-PCR showed a 100% sensitivity and specificity for EV and 91% and 91.7% for HPeV, respectively. Of the 111 RV-A-positive stool specimens, 28 (25.2%) were EV-positive and 7 (6.3%) were HPeV-positive. No clinical differences between children with single or double infections were observed. Discussion. In our study, the frequency of EV and HPeV infections was surprisingly high, thus underlining the importance of including EV and HPeV detection in diagnostic panels. The multiplex real-time RT-PCR presented in this paper can therefore be a useful method in a diagnostic setting.
Therapists' experiences of therapeutic mistakes

Introduction: In contrast to the extensive literature on related areas such as therapeutic boundaries, alliance and ruptures, little empirical research has been conducted on therapeutic mistakes. Existing research based predominantly on case studies and observations have focused on systems for categorising mistakes. Empirical research on therapeutic mistakes has focused on supervisors’ and clients’ perspectives. This study is the first to explore therapists’ experiences of therapeutic mistakes. Method: Seven psychological therapists were interviewed using semi-structured interviews on their experience of therapeutic mistakes in therapy sessions. Interviews were transcribed and analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Initially, individual transcripts were analysed separately, resulting in a number of themes for each participant. A group analysis was then conducted across participants, yielding super-ordinate themes and sub-themes, based on their psychological relatedness. Results: A seven-stage process was identified across participants’ accounts (including participants’ experience of before the session, in the session, the emergence of a problem, in the midst of the problem, ‘The aftermath’, making sense and ‘How I’m left’), detailing the experiential themes for participants at each stage. Some of the main themes that emerged were a sense of ‘something brewing’, feeling criticised by their client or self-criticism, relief and recovery, reflecting on roles and responsibility and pre-occupation with the mistake. Four key findings were presented including participants’ complex constitution of mistakes, the role of emotion in participants’ experiences of mistakes, participants’ on-going meaning making process and participants’ experience of mistakes as an interpersonal negotiation. The findings also suggested a difference between how participants constituted mistakes in principle (more aligned with the literature on boundary transgressions and categorisations of mistakes) and the mistakes they shared in their accounts (which reflected more ordinary and minor mistakes, e.g. administrative errors or sharing an interpretation that was not well received).
Teacher and Parent Ratings of Seven–Year–Old Children'S Personality and Psychometrically Assessed Cognitive Ability

We linked seven–year–old children's personality (n = 406), as rated by both teachers and parents, to a wide array of cognitive ability measures. Besides (i) providing descriptive data on the associations between childhood personality and cognitive ability, we (ii) investigated the benefits of having multiple informants provide personality ratings and (iii) examined the recent proposition that the general factor of intelligence be partialled out of associations between personality and narrower domains of intelligence. In a regression model, the shared variance of teacher and parent ratings of personality explained 14% of the variance of cognitive ability. Both teacher and parent ratings of Openness to Experience (O) were positively associated with cognitive ability, and both explained unique variance in cognitive ability. Moreover, the associations were stronger the stronger the inter–rater agreement on O. When the unique variances of each perspective and the moderating effect of inter–rater agreement were added to the aforementioned regression model, personality explained 18% of the variance of cognitive ability. Controlling for the general factor of intelligence caused the correlations between personality and performance on the specific cognitive ability measures to diminish to near zero. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Medically Serious and Non-Serious Suicide Attempts in Persons Aged 70 and Above

High rates of suicide are observed among older adults in many countries worldwide. In clinical settings, those who make a medically serious suicide attempt are generally considered to be at higher risk of subsequent suicide than those who make less serious attempts. Medically serious attempts in older clinical cohorts are, however, relatively understudied. The aim was to compare older adult suicide attempters (70+) who did or did not make medically serious attempts. We hypothesized, in line with the Interpersonal Model of suicide, that social problems and feelings of being a burden would be associated with medical seriousness. Participants (n = 101) were recruited in hospitals in the aftermath of a suicide attempt; they took part in an interview with a research psychologist. Attempters with (n = 28) and without (n = 73) medically serious attempts were compared. Major depression was common in both groups, and scores on the Geriatric Depression Scale did not differ. However, older adults who made medically serious attempts scored higher on the Brief Scale of Anxiety and lower on the Mini Mental State Examination than their peers who made less serious attempts. Medically serious attempters more often attributed the attempt to social problems as well as problems with functioning and autonomy, but perceived burdensomeness was not associated with seriousness. Findings may help to inform clinicians who meet and treat older suicidal persons.
Nitrous Oxide in Obstetrics

Jaundice After Halothane and Radiotherapy SIR,-In support of the theory of Mr. K. J. O'Connor and others (September 28, p. 811) that a combination of radiation and halothane is more likely to cause liver damage than the administration of halothane alone, I make the following remarks and quote my only case of posthalothane jaundice. I have given more than 3,000 administrations of halothane for major surgery since 1958. For most of these a closed circuit (basal oxygen = 250-300 ml. / min.) technique was used with controlled respiration and a modified Goldman Mark II vaporizer in the circuit. In many of these cases it was desirable to produce considerable hypotension, and only halothane and oxygen were used: the oxygen percentage was kept above 92%. In addition I have used halothane in more than 1,800 dental administrations, lasting from three to over 20 minutes a case. Many of these patients had multiple administrations at short intervals of time, depending on the number of teeth the dental surgeons wished to extract at one sitting. Only recently have I started giving halothane to patients for radiotherapy, but of three patients so anaesthetized one developed a fatal hepatitis, and I have now given up using it for radiotherapy cases. However, I am continually using it for other cases and regard it as a very great advance in anaesthetics.
High-amylose sodium carboxymethyl starch matrices for oral, sustained drug release: development of a spray-drying manufacturing process

Context: High-amylose sodium carboxymethyl starch (HASCA) was recently proposed as a material for oral, sustained drug-release tablets prepared by direct compression. It was produced on a pilot scale, but appeared to be unsuitable for tableting and sustained drug release. Pilot-scale dry powder HASCA was dispersed in hot water and then precipitated with ethanol to give a dry powder presenting the required properties, but very high volumes of ethanol were used to recover the product. Objective: A process was therefore designed to transform totally amorphous pregelatinized HASCA by spray-drying into a suitable sustained drug-release excipient for matrix tablets while decreasing ethanol quantities. Results and discussion: During the first manufacturing step, that is, heating of the initial hydro-alcoholic suspension, powder and water concentrations are key parameters for the acquisition of excellent binding properties. Hence, a variable ratio of amylose Vh, a crystalline polymorph of amylose, to the amorphous form, is observed depending on the key parameter values. As the most crystalline samples give the weakest tablets, binding properties do not appear to be linked to the presence of a Vh form of amylose. On the other hand, a high water concentration results in excessive tablet strength, that is, inverse conditions leading to the appearance of a Vh form of amylose. Finally, variations in hydro-alcoholic composition appear to affect only tableting properties and do not influence the drug-release rate. Conclusion: A process designed to transform totally amorphous pregelatinized HASCA by spray-drying is proposed for easier, economical industrial HASCA production.
Wavelet-based Light Reconstruction from a Single Image

In this paper we propose a wavelet-based light representation. This representation is used for recovering illumination and reflectance of a scene with known geometry from a single calibrated image. Previous approaches of light estimation reconstruct either a discrete set of infinite light sources or the projection of light on the spherical harmonics basis. The first approach is more suitable for modeling sharp light effects while the second one works best for diffuse scenes. In contrast, we show that the proposed representation is suitable for both diffuse and specular scenes. We compared our technique with the two previously mentioned approaches and found it superior. In addition to illumination estimation our algorithm also estimates a Phong surface reflection. Experiments with synthetic and real scenes demonstrate the effectiveness of our method.
Inoculations with Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Increase Vegetable Yields and Decrease Phoxim Concentrations in Carrot and Green Onion and Their Soils

Background As one of the most widely used organophosphate insecticides in vegetable production, phoxim (C12H15N2O3PS) is often found as residues in crops and soils and thus poses a potential threat to public health and environment. Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi may make a contribution to the decrease of organophosphate residues in crops and/or the degradation in soils, but such effects remain unknown. Methodology/Principal Findings A greenhouse pot experiment studied the influence of AM fungi and phoxim application on the growth of carrot and green onion, and phoxim concentrations in the two vegetables and their soil media. Treatments included three AM fungal inoculations with Glomus intraradices BEG 141, G. mosseae BEG 167, and a nonmycorrhizal control, and four phoxim application rates (0, 200, 400, 800 mg l−1, while 400 mg l−1 rate is the recommended dose in the vegetable production system). Carrot and green onion were grown in a greenhouse for 130 d and 150 d. Phoxim solution (100 ml) was poured into each pot around the roots 14d before plant harvest. Results showed that mycorrhizal colonization was higher than 70%, and phoxim application inhibited AM colonization on carrot but not on green onion. Compared with the nonmycorrhizal controls, both shoot and root fresh weights of these two vegetables were significantly increased by AM inoculations irrespective of phoxim application rates. Phoxim concentrations in shoots, roots and soils were increased with the increase of phoxim application rate, but significantly decreased by the AM inoculations. Soil phosphatase activity was enhanced by both AM inocula, but not affected by phoxim application rate. In general, G. intraradices BEG 141 had more pronounced effects than G. mosseae BEG 167 on the increase of fresh weight production in both carrot and green onion, and the decrease of phoxim concentrations in plants and soils. Conclusions/Significance Our results indicate a promising potential of AM fungi for enhancing vegetable production and reducing organophosphorus pesticide residues in plant tissues and their growth media, as well as for the phytoremediation of organophosphorus pesticide-contaminated soils.
Maturation‐associated Dbf4 expression is essential for mouse zygotic DNA replication

Cdc7 is an S‐phase‐promoting kinase (SPK) that is required for the activation of replication initiation complex assembly because it phosphorylates the MCM protein complex serving as the replicative helicase in eukaryotic organisms. Cdc7 activity is undetectable in immature mouse GV oocytes, although Cdc7 protein is already expressed at the same level as in mature oocytes or early one‐cell embryos at zygotic S‐phase, in which Cdc7 kinase activity is clearly detectable. Dbf4 is a regulatory subunit of Cdc7 and is required for Cdc7 kinase activity. Dbf4 is not readily detectable in immature GV oocytes but accumulates to a level similar to that in one‐cell embryos during oocyte maturation, suggesting that Cdc7 is already activated in unfertilized eggs (metaphase II). RNAi‐mediated knockdown of maternal Dbf4 expression prevents the maturation‐associated increase in Dbf4 protein, abolishes the activation of Cdc7, and leads to the failure of DNA replication in one‐cell embryos, demonstrating that Dbf4 expression is the key regulator of Cdc7 activity in mouse oocytes. Dormant Dbf4 mRNA in immature GV oocytes is recruited by cytoplasmic polyadenylation during oocyte maturation and is dependent on MPF activity via its cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE) upstream of the hexanucleotide (HEX) in the 3′ untranslated region (3′UTR). Our results suggest that Cdc7 is inactivated in immature oocytes, preventing it from the unwanted phosphorylation of MCM proteins, and the oocyte is qualified by proper maturation to proceed following embryogenesis after fertilization through zygotic DNA replication.
Leaf litter decomposition of tree species in three successional phases of tropical dry secondary forest in Campeche , Mexico

Leaf litter decomposition rate and nitrogen, carbon and phosphorous (NCP) concentration of three species: Croton lundellii Standl. , Metopium brownei (Jacq.) Urban and Manilkara zapota (L.) van Royen were evaluated in different phases of development (3, 13 and >50 years old) of secondary dry forest in Campeche, Mexico, to test two hypotheses: (1) leaf decomposition rate is higher in older successional stages of secondary dry forest; (2) decomposition rate is more rapid in pioneer species than late successional species, because of differences in substrate quality. The litterbag method was employed to evaluate decomposition. Results indicated that decomposition was related to forest development phase but the strongest influence was due to leaf chemical composition. Decomposition was fastest in C. lundellii, intermediate in M. brownei and slowest in M. zapota. The C/N, C/P ratios and total N and P concentrations were good indicators of decomposition rates across species in all successional stages. In comparing leaf litter collected locally and decomposed in situ, the earlier successional phase showed higher decomposition rates than later stages of succession. Neither N concentration or C/N ratio explained this difference, but it was correlated with higher P concentration. # 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.