Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Deep Tracking on the Move: Learning to Track the World from a Moving Vehicle using Recurrent Neural Networks

This paper presents an end-to-end approach for tracking static and dynamic objects for an autonomous vehicle driving through crowded urban environments. Unlike traditional approaches to tracking, this method is learned end-to-end, and is able to directly predict a full unoccluded occupancy grid map from raw laser input data. Inspired by the recently presented DeepTracking approach [Ondruska, 2016], we employ a recurrent neural network (RNN) to capture the temporal evolution of the state of the environment, and propose to use Spatial Transformer modules to exploit estimates of the egomotion of the vehicle. Our results demonstrate the ability to track a range of objects, including cars, buses, pedestrians, and cyclists through occlusion, from both moving and stationary platforms, using a single learned model. Experimental results demonstrate that the model can also predict the future states of objects from current inputs, with greater accuracy than previous work.
Adolescent's preferred modes of delivery for mental health services.

BACKGROUND Mental health interventions for young people are increasingly being delivered online. This is occurring due to an assumption that young people prefer online interventions because they address some of the well-established help-seeking barriers. METHOD A self-report questionnaire investigating preferences for mental health care delivery was administered to a nonclinical sample of 231 young people aged 15-19. RESULTS The strongest help-seeking intention in response to a scenario describing symptoms of depression was for face-to-face services, followed by not seeking help at all. Only 16% expressed a preference for online treatment. CONCLUSION The assumption that a majority of young people will prefer online delivery of mental health treatment was not supported, although boys showed a stronger relative preference for online modes.
A current-density scale for characterizing nonlinearity in high-T/sub c/ superconductors

In this paper, we characterize microwave nonlinearity in a high temperature superconducting (HTS) thin-film by measuring a geometry-independent current-density scale j/sub o/. The quantity j/sub o/ specifies the strength of a material-dependent nonlinearity, and can be used to calculate the nonlinear microwave response of planar superconducting transmission-line devices. Our procedure for determining j/sub o/ involves microwave measurements on superconducting coplanar waveguide devices patterned onto the HTS sample. In a YBa/sub 2/Cu/sub 3/O/sub 7-x/ (YBCO) sample, we obtained a maximum experimental value for j/sub o/ of approximately 3.26/spl times/10/sup 8/ A/cm/sup 2/ at 25 K. From the measured temperature-dependence of j/sub o/ in our YBCO sample, and assuming a theoretical pair-breaking current density j/sub c/ equal to 3/spl times/10/sup 8/ A/cm/sup 2/, we calculated the temperature dependence of the quasiparticle factor b(T). The curve of the experimentally obtained b(T) matched well with a theoretically-predicted behavior in the scenario of d-wave symmetry in the superconducting order parameter.
Stage-specific distribution of barnacle larvae in nearshore waters: potential for limited dispersal and high mortality rates

The stage-specific spatial distribution and mortality of Balanus glandula and Chtha- malus spp. larvae were assessed with a series of daily vertical plankton tows collected from inner- shelf waters in La Jolla, Southern California, in March 2003. Sampling stations were located within 1.1 km of the shoreline, at depths of 10 to 45 m. For both groups, we observed a spatial segregation of naupliar stages and cyprids, although this pattern was statistically significant for Chthamalus spp. only. Early nauplii (NII and NIII) were more abundant at the inshore stations, whereas later stages (NIV to NVI) occurred in greater numbers offshore. Cyprids were consistently more abundant at the inshore station. Such striking differences in the horizontal distributions of late nauplii and cyprids suggest limited dispersal of barnacle larvae in nearshore waters. Particle trajectories computed from current velocities measured in the area indicated that changes in vertical distribution may indeed affect dispersal, and, in some cases, enhance the retention of larvae in shallow, inner-shelf waters. Vertical life tables were used to estimate naupliar mortality rates from pooled daily stage distribu- tions. Average estimates (±SE) for the instantaneous rate of larval mortality in B. glandula (0.33 ± 0.05 larvae d -1 ) and Chthamalus spp. (0.23 ± 0.03 larvae d -1 ) were substantially higher than previ- ously assumed for these species. We discuss the implications of limited dispersal and high mortality rates for the exchange of larvae among disjunct populations of intertidal barnacles and other coastal benthic invertebrates.
Quantitative Theory and Econometrics

Quantitative theory uses simple, abstract economic models together with a small amount of economic data to highlight major economic mechanisms. To illustrate the methods of quantitative theory, we review studies of the production function by Paul Douglas, Robert Solow, and Edward Prescott. Consideration of these studies takes an important research area from its earliest days through contemporary real business cycle analysis. In these quantitative theoretical studies, economic models are employed in two ways. First, they are used to organize economic data in a new and suggestive manner. Second, models are combined with economic data to display successes and failures of particular theoretical mechanisms. Each of these features is present in each of the three studies, but to varying degrees, as we shall see. These quantitative theoretical investigations changed how economists thought about the aggregate production function, i.e., about an equation describing how the total output of many firms is related to the total quantities of inputs, in particular labor and capital inputs. Douglas taught economists that the production function could be an important applied tool, as well as a theoretical device, by skillfully combining indexes of output with indexes of capital and labor input. Solow taught economists that the production function could not be used to explain long-term growth, absent a residual factor that he labeled technical progress. Prescott taught economists that Solow’s residual was sufficiently strongly procyclical that it might serve as a source of economic
Understanding Latino Political Participation: Exploring the Evidence from the Latino National Political Survey

This article examines Latino political participation in several forms of nonvoting political activities (attending rallies, volunteeringfora party or candidate, contributing money, signing petitions, contacting officials, and attending public meetings). Latino groups are compared with non-Latinos and with each other, and the impact of the sociodemographic characteristics is also considered. Thefindings are complex, but they do not provide much support for the view that Latinos (as such) are systemically less likely to participate. Latinos'participation patterns regarding a number of otherforms are, on the whole, not much different from those of non-Latinos. For some forms, such as attending rallies, Latinos are more likely to participate. Mexican Americans and Puerto Ricans commonly participate at levels equal to or higher than Cubans in these nonvoting activities.
Sex Differences in Rated Seriousness of Crimes

61 male and 84 female college students completed a 25-item “Attitudes Toward Crime” survey designed to examine ratings of seriousness of crimes. In the survey, the perpetrator of the crime was always a male, but the victim was either a male or a female. Also, subjects compared the seriousness of the crimes with respect to harmful psychological consequences for the victim versus harmful consequences for society at large. Analysis showed a same-sex bias which varied with the type of harm. Men saw little harm to society compared to women, but only when the victim was a man. When individual harm was the issue, however, women saw more harmful consequences than men, but only when the victim was a woman.
Towards a social psychology of citizenship? Introduction to the Special Issue

The concept of citizenship is currently the subject of extensive, and often heated, debate on the part of policy makers and social scientists. Many of the key concerns encapsulated in the idea of citizenship—collective identity, solidarity, pro-social behaviour, group boundaries, intra and intergroup conflict—also represent longstanding concerns on the part of social and community psychologists. However, at present, very little psychological theory or research directly addresses the subject of citizenship. The aim of this Special Issue is to explore how the construct of citizenship might contribute to social psychological understandings of social conflict and solidarity and, conversely, to consider how existing social psychological theories and methods might contribute to contemporary understandings of citizenship. The authors of the six articles in the Special Issue apply a range of theoretical perspectives (self-categorization theory, social identity theory, rhetorical psychology, the theory of social representations) and methods (experiments, surveys, interviews, ethnography) to examine situated understandings of citizenship in a variety of domains (civic and political participation, immigration attitudes, minority identities, nationalism). Despite their different approaches, the authors display a common concern to recognize complexity, contradiction and contestability as inherent, and often productive, features of the everyday construction and performance of citizenship. As a consequence, social psychological perspectives may have the potential to restore the damaged reputation of the citizen currently apparent in much policy and social scientific discourse. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
A Multi-Carrier $M$ -Ary Differential Chaos Shift Keying System With Low PAPR

An improved multi-carrier $M$ -ary differential chaos shift keying (MM-DCSK) system is presented, where differential modulation and demodulation are carried out across multiple carriers in the frequency domain, so channel estimation is not needed. For one data frame transmission, only one non-information-bearing reference sub-carrier signal is required, and the reference of each information-bearing sub-carrier is its previous sub-carrier signal, thus high energy efficiency is attained. If channel response changes during a frame period, the time diversity is achieved. In addition, the peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) is considered, and it is found that adjacent symbols with a large Euclidean distance achieve a low PAPR. Accordingly, a low-complexity PAPR reduction algorithm is proposed based on symbol-interleaving with only one inverse fast Fourier transform processor. The simulation results demonstrate that the system with the proposed algorithm dramatically reduces the PAPR. Analytical bit-error-rate expressions are derived and verified by simulations over additive white Gaussian noise and multi-path fading channels.
An Academic-Practice Model to Improve the Health of Underserved Neighborhoods

The Interprofessional Care Access Network is an innovative model for academic-practice partnership providing care coordination for vulnerable and underserved clients and populations in identified neighborhoods. Interprofessional student teams, including health professions students from nursing, medicine, pharmacy, and dentistry, collaborate with community service organizations and primary care clinics to address social determinants of health identified as barriers to achieving health care outcomes and Triple Aim goals. Teams are supervised by a nursing faculty in residence and address issues such as housing, health insurance, food security, and lack of primary care. Two case studies demonstrate the potential impact of the project.
The Endurance of Love: Passionate and Companionate Love in Newlywed and Long-Term Marriages

Most theorists assume that the passage of time will have a very different impact on passionate versus companionate love. Passionate love is said to decline fairly quickly, while companionate love is thought to remain fairly stable (or actually increase) over time. This hypothesis was tested in two studies. In Study 1, we interviewed 53 newlywed couples soon after their marriages and again one year later, when presumably (for some) the “honeymoon was over. ” In Study 2, we interviewed a random sample of 240 older women, ranging in age from 50-82, who had been married varying lengths of time. (The median length of marriage was 33 years.) We asked about their passionate and companionate love for their partners and their partner’s love for them. In Study 1, it was found that although newlywed men and women loved with equal passion, women tended to love their partners more companionately than they were loved in return. (This is in accord with previous research with dating couples.) The results for people married many years were more complex. Finally, we turned to the question with which we are most concerned: What impact does time have on love? In both Study 1 and Study 2, time did have a corrosive effect on love—but to our surprise it appeared to have an equally detrimental effect on both passionate and companionate love.
Personality Correlates of Depressive Disorders in Female College Students of Different Ethnic Groups

S part of a larger study of ethnic variations in the frequency and expression of depressive disorders (Kinzie and Marsella; Marsella et al, 1971), efforts were made to identify personality correlates of depression among female college students of Japanese, Chinese, and Caucasian ancestry. Although numerous investigations of ethnic variations in depressive disorders have been conducted, relatively little is known about the personality correlates of depressive disorders among different ethnic groups. For example, it is possible that depression is associated with one personality configuration in culture A and another personality configuration in culture B. The end result might be the same across cultures while the causes and correlates of depression could differ. One purpose of the present study was to examine this question through the investigation of ideal-real self-concept discrepancies among female college students from different ethnic groups. Among Caucasians residing in Western-oriented cultures, the notion that a discrepancy between ideal-real self-concept constitutes a psychological stress associated with maladjustment is well accepted and empirically documented, e.g. Rogers and Dymond (Ed.), 1954. Indeed, several studies have found a specific relationship between self-concept discrepancy and depression itself. For example, Beck and Stein (1960) reported a significant 0.66 correlation between the two variables. Laxer (1964) found changes in self-concept, as assessed by the semantic differential, occurred
Mushrooms—Biologically Distinct and Nutritionally Unique

Mushrooms are fungi, biologically distinct from plant- and animal-derived foods (fruits, vegetables, grains, dairy, protein [meat, fish, poultry, legumes, nuts, and seeds]) that comprise the US Department of Agriculture food patterns operationalized by consumer-focused MyPlate messages. Although mushrooms provide nutrients found in these food groups, they also have a unique nutrient profile. Classified into food grouping systems by their use as a vegetable, mushrooms’ increasing use in main entrées in plant-based diets is growing, supporting consumers’ efforts to follow dietary guidance recommendations. Mushrooms’ nutrient and culinary characteristics suggest it may be time to reevaluate food groupings and health benefits in the context of 3 separate food kingdoms: plants/botany, animals/zoology, and fungi/mycology.
Enhanced binding of lymphocytes from patients with multiple sclerosis to tumour necrosis factor‐alpha (TNF‐α)‐treated endothelial monolayers: associations with clinical relapse and adhesion molecule expression

This study investigated the adherent properties and adhesion molecule expression of blood mononuclear cells (MNC) from a total of 84 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The MNC from MS patients were significantly more adherent than cells from normal healthy subjects to endothelial monolayers pretreated with 0.01 U/ml TNF‐α (103% increase; P = 0.002), 0.1 U/ml TNF‐α (80% increase; P < 0.01) and 1.0 U/ml TNF‐α (41% increase; P < 0.02), and to endothelium pretreated with 10 U/ml IL‐1β (44% increase; P < 0.05) and 100 U/ml interferon‐gamma (IFN‐γ) (100% increase; P < 0.05). This augmented adhesion was a property of the lymphocytes, in particular CD4+ cells, and was inversely related to the time of onset of clinical relapse. The percentage of lymphocytes bearing the adhesion molecules CD49d, CD29 and CD62L was increased in MS blood, but the level of CD29 and CD62L expression was reduced. We infer that circulating lymphocytes in MS are predisposed to cross endothelial barriers at sites where inflammation has already commenced.
In vitro and in vivo characterization of a novel hedgehog signaling antagonist in human glioblastoma cell lines

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is composed of heterogeneous and genetically different cells, which are highly invasive and motile. The standard chemotherapeutic agent, temozolomide, affects GBM cell proliferation but is generally unable to prevent tumor recurrence. Hedgehog pathway activation has been reported to be relevant in GBM and different pharmacological pathway modulators have been identified. We report that by growing a commercially available recurrent GBM cell line (DBTRG‐05MG) without serum and in the presence of defined growth factors; we obtained a less differentiated cell population, growing in suspension as neurospheres, in which the Hedgehog pathway is activated. Furthermore, the expression profile of Hedgehog pathway components found in DBTRG‐05MG neurospheres is similar to primary stem‐like cells derived from recurrent GBM patients. We report the effect of our novel specific Smoothened receptor antagonist (SEN450) on neurosphere growing cells and compared its effect to that of well known benchmark compounds. Finally, we showed that SEN450 is both antiproliferative on its own and further reduces tumor volume after temozolomide pretreatment in a mouse xenograft model using DBTRG‐05MG neurosphere cells. Altogether our data indicate that the Hedgehog pathway is not irreversibly switched off in adherent cells but can be reactivated when exposed to well‐defined culture conditions, thus restoring the condition observed in primary tumor‐derived material, and that pharmacological modulation of this pathway can have profound influences on tumor proliferation. Therefore, pharmacological inhibition of the Hedgehog pathway is a potentially useful therapeutic approach in GBM.
Robust text detection in natural images with edge-enhanced Maximally Stable Extremal Regions

Detecting text in natural images is an important prerequisite. In this paper, we propose a novel text detection algorithm, which employs edge-enhanced Maximally Stable Extremal Regions as basic letter candidates. These candidates are then filtered using geometric and stroke width information to exclude non-text objects. Letters are paired to identify text lines, which are subsequently separated into words. We evaluate our system using the ICDAR competition dataset and our mobile document database. The experimental results demonstrate the excellent performance of the proposed method.
The moderating effects of work-based and non-work based support on the relation between job insecurity and subsequent strain

Job insecurity is a stressor empirically linked to various negative outcomes, such as impaired work attitudes and adverse health symptoms. Less is known about how these negative consequences can be buffered. The present study investigates whether work-based and non-work based social support moderate the relation between job insecurity and subsequent strain. The results, based on Swedish longitudinal questionnaire data, show that job insecurity predicted strain, even after controlling for demographic variables and baseline levels. Non-work based support moderated the negative effect of job insecurity on mental health complaints and somatic complaints after controlling for baseline levels. The results suggest that employees can benefit from their support network during times of turbulence. Opsomming Werksonsekerheid is ’n stressor wat emperies verband hou met verskeie negatiewe uitkomste soos verlaagde werksgesindhede en nadelige gesondheidssimptome. Minder is bekend oor hoe hierdie negatiewe gevolge gebuffer kan word. Die huidige studie ondersoek of werks gebaseerde en nie-werks gebaseerde sosiale ondersteuning die verhouding tussen werksonsekerheid en daaropvolgende spanning modereer. Die resultate, gebaseer op Sweedse longitudinale vraelysdata, toon dat werksonsekerheid spanning voorpsel het, selfs na die kontrolering vir demografiese veranderlikes en basislyn veranderlikes. Nie-werks gebaseerde ondersteuning het die negatiewe effek van werksonsekerheid op psigiese ongesteldhede en somatiese simptome gemodereer nadat gekontroleer vir basislyn veranderlikes is. Die resultate stel voor dat werknemers voordeel kan trek uit hulle ondersteunings netwerk gedurende tye van turbulensie.
Review Article: Do exercise and fitness protect against stress-induced health complaints? A review of the literature

Background: Understanding how exercise influences health is important in designing public health interventions. At present, evidence suggests that there is a positive relationship between exercise and health. However, whether this relationship is partly due to the stress-moderating impact of exercise has been less frequently investigated although more and more people are taxed by stressful life circumstances. Methods: A comprehensive review of studies testing the potential of exercise as a stress-buffer was conducted (including literature from 1982 to 2008). The findings are based on a narrative review method. Specific criteria were taken into account to evaluate causality of the evidence. Results: About half of the studies reported at least partly supportive results in the sense that people with high exercise levels exhibit less health problems when they encounter stress. The causality analyses show that stress-moderation effects were consistently found in different samples and with different methodological approaches. Although more support results from cross-sectional studies, exercise-based stress-buffer effects were also found in prospective, longitudinal and quasi-experimental investigations. Conclusions: This review underscores the relevance of exercise as a public health resource. Recommendations are provided for future research. More prospective and experimental studies are needed to provide insight into how much exercise is necessary to trigger stress-buffer effects. Furthermore, more information is warranted to conclude which sort of exercise has the strongest impact on the stress-illness-relationship.