Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Reliability and validity of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale in different rural populations

Objective To assess the reliability and validity of Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale(CES-D) among the informants of suicides and controls.Methods Totally 202 suicide informants and 271 control informants were consecutively sampled and investigated with the questionnaire.Cronbach's α and Pearson's correlation were used to assess the internal consistency reliability.Exploratory factor analysis,criterion validity and discriminant validity were used to test the validity of the scale.Results The Cronbach's α of CES-D were 0.917 and 0.849 in case and control group,respectively.The corrected item-total correlations in suicides and controls were 0.255-0.815 and 0.168-0.684,respectively(both P0.01),suggesting the scale had good internal consistency reliability.Three factors were extracted by using exploratory factor analysis from 20 items(including affective and somatic symptoms,positive emotion,and interpersonal problems),which could explain 52.539% of total variance.In addition,69 samples were randomly sampled from the control informants.There were positive correlations between affective and somatic symptoms,positive emotion,CES-D and Beck Hopelessness Scale(BHS). The scale showed good criterion validity.There were 59 depressed subjects and 414 non-depressed subjects among the 473 informants.The scores of affective and somatic symptoms,positive emotion,interpersonal problems and CES-D were 17.44±5.86,9.00±4.51,0.88±1.68,and 27.32±9.05 in depression group,which were all higher than non-depression group(1.73±2.80,1.20±1.97,0.08±0.42,and 3.00±3.92),with significant differences between depression and non-depression group(all P0.001). The scale was proved having good discriminant validity.Conclusion CES-D has high reliability and validity and is applicable to assess depression in rural residents.
How effective is endoscopic third ventriculostomy in treating adult hydrocephalus caused by primary aqueductal stenosis?

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the long-term efficacy of third ventriculostomies for adult patients with hydrocephalus caused by primary aqueductal stenosis. METHODS Eighteen of 64 patients who underwent endoscopic third ventriculostomies (ETVs) between June 1991 and July 1995 were treated because of primary aqueductal stenosis. All of these patients accepted follow-up investigations, which were performed 3 months to 5 years after surgery. If hydrocephalic symptoms persisted, the patency of the ventriculostomy was investigated; in cases of open ventriculostomies, the patients were offered shunt surgery. The effects of the shunt surgery were evaluated after 3 months. RESULTS After ETV, nine of the patients exhibited excellent improvements, two exhibited slight improvements, one displayed no change, and six demonstrated temporary improvements. The ventriculostomies were patent in all nine patients who experienced less than excellent results. Subsequent ventriculoperitoneal shunt placement produced improvements for all seven patients who accepted the surgery. CONCLUSION In our experience, the long-term effectiveness of ETVs for adult patients with noncommunicating hydrocephalus was sufficient in only 50% of the cases. One-third of the patients exhibited temporary improvements, lasting 1 to 12 months (average duration, 5 mo) after the ETVs, and then demonstrated deterioration to even worse clinical conditions, despite patent ventriculostomies. All patients who did not exhibit permanent improvements after the ETVs benefited from shunt surgery. Efforts should be made to establish methods for the selection of patients for ETV or ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery.
Two-Way Writing on Dirty Paper

In this paper, the Two-Way Channel (TWC) with noncausal Channel State Information (CSI) is investigated. For the discrete memoryless channel an achievable rate region is derived. Then by extending the result to the Gaussian TWC with additive interference noise, it is shown that the capacity region of the latter channel is the same as the capacity when there is no interference, i.e., a two-way version of Costa's writing on dirty paper problem is established.
Correlates and Outcomes of Posttransplant Smoking in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Systematic Literature Review and Meta-Analysis

Background Despite smoking being an absolute or relative contraindication for transplantation, about 11% to 40% of all patients continue or resume smoking posttransplant. This systematic review with meta-analysis investigated the correlates and outcomes associated with smoking after solid organ transplantation. Methods We searched PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and PsycINFO from inception until January 2016, using state-of-the art methodology. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed for correlates/outcomes investigated 5 times or more. Results Seventy-three studies (43 in kidney, 17 in heart, 12 in liver, 1 in lung transplantation) investigated 95 correlates and 24 outcomes, of which 6 correlates and 4 outcomes could be included in the meta-analysis. The odds of smoking posttransplant were 1.33 times higher in men (95% CI, 1.12-1.57). Older individuals were significantly less likely to smoke (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.38-0.62), as were patients with a higher body mass index (OR, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.52-0.89). Hypertension (OR, 1.16; 95% CI, 0.77-1.75), diabetes mellitus (OR, 0.52; 95% CI, 0.15-1.78), and having a history of cardiovascular disease (OR, 0.92; 95% CI, 0.77-1.09) were not significant correlates. Posttransplant smokers had higher odds of newly developed posttransplant cardiovascular disease (OR, 1.41; 95% CI, 1.02-1.95), nonskin malignancies (OR, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.26-5.29), a shorter patient survival time (OR, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.44-0.79), and higher odds of mortality (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.21-2.48). Conclusions Posttransplant smoking is associated with poor outcomes. Our results might help clinicians to understand which patients are more likely to smoke posttransplant, guide interventional approaches, and provide recommendations for future research.
Kinetoplast DNA replication: mechanistic differences between Trypanosoma brucei and Crithidia fasciculata

Kinetoplast DNA, the mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomatid parasites, is a network containing several thousand minicircles and a few dozen maxicircles. We compared kinetoplast DNA replication in Trypanosoma brucei and Crithidia fasciculata using fluorescence in situ hybridization and electron microscopy of isolated networks. One difference is in the location of maxicircles in situ. In C. fasciculata, maxicircles are concentrated in discrete foci embedded in the kinetoplast disk; during replication the foci increase in number but remain scattered throughout the disk. In contrast, T. brucei maxicircles generally fill the entire disk. Unlike those in C. fasciculata, T. brucei maxicircles become highly concentrated in the central region of the kinetoplast after replication; then during segregation they redistribute throughout the daughter kinetoplasts. T. brucei and C. fasciculata also differ in the pattern of attachment of newly synthesized minicircles to the network. In C. fasciculata it was known that minicircles are attached at two antipodal sites but subsequently are found uniformly distributed around the network periphery, possibly due to a relative movement of the kinetoplast disk and two protein complexes responsible for minicircle synthesis and attachment. In T. brucei, minicircles appear to be attached at two antipodal sites but then remain concentrated in these two regions. Therefore, the relative movement of the kinetoplast and the two protein complexes may not occur in T. brucei.
Functional cortical and cerebellar reorganization in a case of moyamoya disease.

BACKGROUND Functional studies have been previous reported in stroke patients, but no studies of functional magnetic resonance imaging have been performed in Moyamoya disease. OBJECTIVE To assess the cortical and cerebellar reorganization in a moyamoya patient. METHODS We reported a case of a patient suffering from moyamoya disease, undergoing a neuropsychological assessment, a neurocognitive rehabilitative treatment, an electroencephalogram evaluation, and a functional magnetic resonance imaging examination. RESULTS The subject showed a cognitive impairment, a slow electroencephalogram activity, and the ipsi- and controlateral motor cortex and cerebellar functional magnetic resonance imaging activation. CONCLUSIONS This is the first functional magnetic resonance imaging case study reported in moyamoya disease. We showed a cortical reorganization, which could play an important role in clinical evaluation and motor recovery. The cerebellar activation, showed after cognitive and motor rehabilitation, could support the idea that the cerebellum contains several cognitive-related subregions involved in different functional networks in moyamoya disease.
In-depth Qualitative and Quantitative Profiling of Tyrosine Phosphorylation Using a Combination of Phosphopeptide Immunoaffinity Purification and Stable Isotope Dimethyl Labeling*

Several mass spectrometry-based assays have emerged for the quantitative profiling of cellular tyrosine phosphorylation. Ideally, these methods should reveal the exact sites of tyrosine phosphorylation, be quantitative, and not be cost-prohibitive. The latter is often an issue as typically several milligrams of (stable isotope-labeled) starting protein material are required to enable the detection of low abundance phosphotyrosine peptides. Here, we adopted and refined a peptidecentric immunoaffinity purification approach for the quantitative analysis of tyrosine phosphorylation by combining it with a cost-effective stable isotope dimethyl labeling method. We were able to identify by mass spectrometry, using just two LC-MS/MS runs, more than 1100 unique non-redundant phosphopeptides in HeLa cells from about 4 mg of starting material without requiring any further affinity enrichment as close to 80% of the identified peptides were tyrosine phosphorylated peptides. Stable isotope dimethyl labeling could be incorporated prior to the immunoaffinity purification, even for the large quantities (mg) of peptide material used, enabling the quantification of differences in tyrosine phosphorylation upon pervanadate treatment or epidermal growth factor stimulation. Analysis of the epidermal growth factor-stimulated HeLa cells, a frequently used model system for tyrosine phosphorylation, resulted in the quantification of 73 regulated unique phosphotyrosine peptides. The quantitative data were found to be exceptionally consistent with the literature, evidencing that such a targeted quantitative phosphoproteomics approach can provide reproducible results. In general, the combination of immunoaffinity purification of tyrosine phosphorylated peptides with large scale stable isotope dimethyl labeling provides a cost-effective approach that can alleviate variation in sample preparation and analysis as samples can be combined early on. Using this approach, a rather complete qualitative and quantitative picture of tyrosine phosphorylation signaling events can be generated.
Exercise-induced oxidative stress before and after vitamin C supplementation.

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) was supplemented (1 g/day) for 1 day and 2 weeks in the same subjects. Plasma thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) before and after 30 min submaximal exercise were measured. Different vitamin C supplementations did not affect resting TBARS or ORAC. Following 30 min exercise, values for TBARS were 12.6 and 33% above rest with 1 day and 2 weeks of vitamin C supplementation, respectively, compared to 46% higher with placebo. ORAC did not significantly change (11%) after exercise with a placebo, nor when subjects were given vitamin C supplements for 1 day or 2 days (4.9% and 5.73%, respectively). TBARS:ORAC, a ratio representing oxidative stress, increased 32% (p < .05) with placebo compared to 5.8 and 25.8% with vitamin C supplements for 1 day and 2 weeks, respectively. It was concluded that exercise-induced oxidative stress was highest when subjects did not supplement with vitamin C compared to either 1 day or 2 weeks of vitamin C supplementation.
Effects of spatial scale on distributed flood simulation based on HEC-HMS model: A case of Jinjiang watershed, Fujian, China

Taking Jinjiang watershed of Fujian province in China as study area, this work examines the effects of DEM resolutions, ranging from 30m to 600m, on Nash efficiencies of rainstorm flood simulation based on HEC-HMS model. Another focus is the influence of sub-basin division on flood simulation results. The study indicates that, with the decreasing of DEM resolution, basin slope, among other parameters such as basin evaluation and river length, etc., is most sensitive to the change of DEM resolution. In general, the Nash efficiency would drop down if DEM resolution decreases while other parameters held constant. DEM resolution at 150m appears to play a role of critical and optimal scale. Being based on 30m DEM resolution, it is found that the change of divided sub-basin number only slightly affects the results of flood simulation.
Impediments to mixing classical and quantum dynamics

The dynamics of systems composed of a classical sector plus a quantum sector is studied. We show that, even in the simplest cases, ~i! the existence of a consistent canonical description for such mixed systems is incompatible with very basic requirements related to the time evolution of the two sectors when they are decoupled, ~ii! the classical sector cannot inherit quantum fluctuations from the quantum sector, and ~iii! a coupling among the two sectors is incompatible with the requirement of physical positivity of the theory, i.e., there would be positive observables with a nonpositive expectation value. @S1050-2947~99! 05508-0#
Efficient algorithms for trading off feasibility and performance in predictive control

This article introduces two simple modifications to conventional predictive control algorithms with the aim of enlarging the feasible regions without increasing computational complexity. It is shown that despite the relatively large feasibility gains, the loss in performance may be far smaller than expected and thus the algorithms give mechanisms for achieving low computational loads with good feasibility and good performance while using a simple algorithm set-up. Both algorithms have standard convergence and feasibility guarantees.
Learning in a Twitter-based community of practice: an exploration of knowledge exchange as a motivation for participation in #hcsmca

ABSTRACT Through participation in communities of practice (CoPs), those with a common interest can share in learning about and improving practices within their domain (Wenger, E. (2006). Communities of practice: A brief introduction. Retrieved from http://wenger-trayner.com/theory/). As CoPs move online, there is increased potential for more expansive and diverse membership. By providing a space in which a global population of members can engage with each other and access and contribute information and knowledge, social media may be used to support online CoPs. Although not originally designed for community development, Twitter is one social media platform that is being used in innovative ways to support communities. This study explores learning as a motivation for participating in the successful Twitter-based CoP Health Care Social Media Canada (#hcsmca). #hcsmca uses tweet chats (planned synchronous discussions aggregated by a hashtag) to engage in robust dialogues associated with learning and knowledge creation. Interviews with 24 #hcsmca community members show that learning is a fundamental motivator for participation in the community. Twitter was found to be a platform that enables learning for #hcsmca members, albeit not universally. Four thematic elements of learning in #hcsmca were identified. For interviewees, learning was a motivation for participating in the community because they were able to access and share expertise, discover who knows what within the healthcare community, access novel information through interactions with members who have diverse personal and professional backgrounds, and learn information that they could apply in their personal and professional lives.
Persistence-sensitive simplification functions on 2-manifolds

We continue the study of topological persistence [5] by investigating the problem of simplifying a function <i>f</i> in a way that removes topological noise as determined by its persistence diagram [2]. To state our results, we call a function <i>g</i> an ε-<i>simplification</i> of another function <i>f</i> if ¦¦<i>f−g</i>¦¦<sub>∞</sub>≤ε, and the persistence diagrams of <i>g</i> are the same as those of <i>f</i> except all points within <i>L</i><sub>1</sub>-distance at most ε from the diagonal have been removed. We prove that for functions <i>f</i> on a 2-manifold such ε-simplification exists, and we give an algorithm to construct them in the piecewise linear case.
Model-based sensor fusion for aviation

We describe a sensor fusion algorithm based on a set of simple assumptions about the relationship among the sensors. Under these assumptions we estimate the common signal in each sensor, and the optimal fusion is then approximated by a weighted sum of the common component in each sensor output at each pixel. We then examine a variety of techniques to map the sensor signals onto perceptual dimensions, such that the human operator can benefit from the enhanced fused image, and simultaneously, be able to identify the source of the information. We examine several color mapping schemes.
Interaction between the RP4 coupling protein TraG and the pBHR1 mobilization protein Mob

It is currently believed that interaction between the relaxosome of a mobilizable plasmid and the transfer machinery of the helper conjugative plasmid is mediated by a TraG family coupling protein. The coupling proteins appear as an essential determinant of mobilization specificity and efficiency. Using a two‐hybrid system, we demonstrated for the first time the direct in vivo interaction between the coupling protein of a conjugative plasmid (the TraG protein of RP4) and the relaxase of a mobilizable plasmid (the Mob protein of pBHR1, a derivative of the broad host range plasmid pBBR1). This interaction was confirmed in vitro by an overlay assay and was shown to occur even in the absence of the transfer origin of pBHR1. We showed that, among 11 conjugative plasmids tested, pBHR1 is efficiently mobilized only by plasmids encoding an IncP‐type transfer system. We also showed that the RP4 TraG coupling protein is essential for mobilization of a pBBR1 derivative and is the element that allows its mobilization by R388 plasmid (IncW) at a detectable frequency.
The Influence of Collective Opinion on True-False Judgment and Information-Sharing Decision

How does the collective opinion of crowds influence people’s credibility judgment and sharing likelihood of health-related statements in social media? The work reported here addressed this question through two experiments. The results of Experiment 1 revealed that the crowd adopted the collective credibility judgment when evaluating the credibility of a statement. Similarly, the results of Experiment 2 showed that the crowd followed the collective sharing likelihood when rating the likelihood of sharing a statement. This social influence took place for statements that were perceived as true, debatable, and false, indicating that the effect of collective opinion was strong.
The Future of Urban Research: Non-Market Interactions

modern growth theory argues that intellectual spillovers—idea flows among individuals that are not mediated by the market—are a linchpin of economic progress. In Paul Romer’s seminal work, endogenous economic growth requires increasing returns.1 Without nonmarket intellectual spillovers or some form of externality, increasing returns and economic competition cannot coexist. In Romer’s now canonical model of growth, idea flows are seen as the basis for economic progress; the robust relationship between human capital and economic growth has been taken as support for the importance of these intellectual spillovers. Social capital theory argues that “social capital, connections, social networks are much more correlated with human happiness than is financial capital. ”2 In large surveys such as the General Social Survey (GSS), measures of social connection (such as churchgoing or membership in organizations) are more strongly connected with self-reported happiness than income is. This body of research also claims that nonmarket social interactions (for example, membership in choral societies) are an important factor in determining the success of governments and societies at large. Social ties among individuals are thought to be critical in overcoming citizens’apathy and “making democracy work. ”3 These two large, separate literatures have independently concluded that nonmarket interactions are extremely important. Only an economist could be surprised by such a deduction. The tendency of economists to ignore these
Gastrointestinal Conditions in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder: Developing a Research Agenda

* Abbreviations: ASD — : autism spectrum disorder GI — : gastrointestinal 5-HT — : serotonin Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are a set of complex neurodevelopmental disorders defined behaviorally by impaired social interaction, delayed and disordered language, repetitive or stereotypic behavior, and a restricted range of interests. ASDs represent a significant public health issue with recent estimates indicating that as many as 1% of children in the United States are diagnosed with an ASD.1,2 Many individuals with ASDs have symptoms of associated medical conditions, including seizures, sleep problems, metabolic conditions, and gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, which have significant health, developmental, social, and educational impacts. Gastrointestinal complaints are a commonly reported concern for parents and may be related to problem behaviors and other medical issues such as dysregulated sleep (ATN Annual Registry Report, unpublished data, November 2009). 3 Despite the magnitude of these issues, potential GI problems are not routinely considered in ASD evaluations. This likely reflects several factors, including variability in reported rates of GI disorders, controversies regarding the relationship between GI symptoms and the putative causes of autism, the limited verbal capacity of many ASD patients, and the lack of recognition by clinicians that certain behavioral manifestations in children with ASDs are indicators of GI problems (eg, pain, discomfort, or nausea). 4–10 Whether GI issues in this population are directly related to the pathophysiology of autism, or are strictly a comorbid condition of ASD remains to be determined, but clinical practice and research to date indicate the important role of GI conditions in ASDs and their impact on children as well as their parents and clinicians.9 On November 15, 2009, a symposium addressing these issues was organized as an adjunct to the annual meeting of the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition. A … Address correspondence to Daniel L. Coury, MD, Professor of Pediatrics and Psychiatry, The Ohio State University, Chief, Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Dr, Timken G-350, Columbus OH 43205-2696