Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
e-PAL: An Active Learning Approach to the Multi-Objective Optimization Problem

In many fields one encounters the challenge of identifying out of a pool of possible designs those that simultaneously optimize multiple objectives. In many applications an exhaustive search for the Pareto-optimal set is infeasible. To address this challenge, we propose the -Pareto Active Learning ( -PAL) algorithm which adaptively samples the design space to predict a set of Pareto-optimal solutions that cover the true Pareto front of the design space with some granularity regulated by a parameter . Key features of -PAL include (1) modeling the objectives as draws from a Gaussian process distribution to capture structure and accommodate noisy evaluation; (2) a method to carefully choose the next design to evaluate to maximize progress; and (3) the ability to control prediction accuracy and sampling cost. We provide theoretical bounds on -PAL’s sampling cost required to achieve a desired accuracy. Further, we perform an experimental evaluation on three real-world data sets that demonstrate -PAL’s effectiveness; in comparison to the state-of-the-art active learning algorithm PAL, -PAL reduces the amount of computations and the number of samples from the design space required to meet the user’s desired level of accuracy. In addition, we show that -PAL improves significantly over a state-of-the-art multi-objective optimization method, saving in most cases 30% to 70% evaluations to achieve the same accuracy.
AN EXTENDED-MATRIX PRECONDITIONER FOR NONSELF-ADJOINT NONSEPARABLE ELLIPTIC EQUATIONS

UDE z Abstract. In a previous paper we proposed a preconditioning technique that generalizes an idea by M. Griebel. In this generalization, although all considerations are presented in a very general algebraic framework, the main idea behind them is to use as preconditioner a rectangular matrix constructed with the transfer operators between successive discretization levels of the initial problem. In this way we get an extended linear system, which is no more invertible, but still consistent such that any of its solutions generates the unique one of the initial system. For an appropriate choice of the preconditioner, this extended system is mesh-independent well conditioned, thus many classes of iterative solvers can be successfuly used. We prove this in the present paper for picewise linear nite element discretization of two types of nonself-adjoint nonseparable elliptic boundary value problems. Numerical experiments on 1D and 2D versions of the considered problems are also presented for CGN and Kaczmarz iterations.
The influence of leadership style on innovation

Innovation is an important aspect of organisational survival and competitiveness. It has been found that leadership has a profound influence on innovation outcomes. However, the innovation process is complex and leading in a complex, dynamic and adaptive environment makes it even more so. Thus, the efficacy of three leadership styles, authentic leadership, complexity leadership and contextual intelligence were tested and compared on exploitive and exploratory innovation, within the South African context. This research found that complexity leadership and contextual intelligence both grounded in nonNewtonian paradigms had the greatest positive influence on exploitive and exploratory innovation outcomes.
Cluster analysis of tropical clouds using CloudSat data

The mesoscale patterns of cloud/precipitation radar reflectivity from early CloudSat data are used to identify distinct tropical cloud regimes via a cluster analysis. Five basic cloud regimes are identified, and the geographical distribution of their occurrence frequency is quantified. Although the contemporary MODIS observations show some limitations to CloudSat observations, comparison with traditional passive satellite observations shows that CloudSat describes the major features of the vertical structure of the tropical cloud regimes. Using the monthly mean vertical velocity at 500 hPa as an indicator, the elements of each cloud regime are sorted into different dynamical regimes, and the results demonstrate the links between clouds and the atmospheric circulation.
Expected Option Returns and the Structure of Jump Risk Premia

The paper analyzes expected option returns in models with stochastic volatility and jumps. A comparison with empirically documented returns shows that the ability of the model to explain these returns can differ significantly depending on the holding period and depending on whether we consider call or put options. Furthermore, we show that the size of the jump risk premium and its decomposition into a premium for jump intensity risk, jump size risk, and jump variance risk has a significant impact on expected option returns. In particular, expected returns on OTM calls can even become negative if e.g. jump variance risk is priced.
A Multi-Scale Modeling Framework for Individualized, Spatiotemporal Prediction of Drug Effects and Toxicological Risk

In this study, we focus on a novel multi-scale modeling approach for spatiotemporal prediction of the distribution of substances and resulting hepatotoxicity by combining cellular models, a 2D liver model, and whole body model. As a case study, we focused on predicting human hepatotoxicity upon treatment with acetaminophen based on in vitro toxicity data and potential inter-individual variability in gene expression and enzyme activities. By aggregating mechanistic, genome-based in silico cells to a novel 2D liver model and eventually to a whole body model, we predicted pharmacokinetic properties, metabolism, and the onset of hepatotoxicity in an in silico patient. Depending on the concentration of acetaminophen in the liver and the accumulation of toxic metabolites, cell integrity in the liver as a function of space and time as well as changes in the elimination rate of substances were estimated. We show that the variations in elimination rates also influence the distribution of acetaminophen and its metabolites in the whole body. Our results are in agreement with experimental results. What is more, the integrated model also predicted variations in drug toxicity depending on alterations of metabolic enzyme activities. Variations in enzyme activity, in turn, reflect genetic characteristics or diseases of individuals. In conclusion, this framework presents an important basis for efficiently integrating inter-individual variability data into models, paving the way for personalized or stratified predictions of drug toxicity and efficacy.
An indexing techniques for object-oriented databases

The basic characteristics of object-oriented data models and query languages are summarized. An indexing technique is presented that supports an efficient evaluation of nested predicates for queries involving class hierarchies. A preliminary comparison of the proposed indexing technique with other techniques is presented. A first extension of this work is to define cost formulas for the proposed index organization and to compare it with other organizations, such as the multi-index and inherited-multi-index organizations. A second extension is to define indexing techniques to support alternative predicates on properties that are semantically equivalent. In addition to these, an important issue concerns indexing support for the use of methods in queries. <<ETX>>
Indonesian EFL learners’ development of academic literacy: a study of grammatical metaphor

and technical meanings Constituted in written language Built up consciously Built up rapidly Pace of learning at discretion of instructor Systematically presented, logically sequenced with a topic Disciplinary boundary may be maintained Figure 2.1: contrast between commonsense and educational knowledge (Painter, 1999, p. 71) The realisation of the language used in educational contexts follows particular patterns and characteristics that are distinct from everyday social interactional discourse. Schleppegrell (2001, p. 437) defines school language as occurring in an “institutional framework in which children are socialised into ways of formal learning in our society” (Schleppegrell, 2001, p. 437). Learners are required to interact with genres that enable them to efficiently present their views to others (Schleppegrell, 2001). Students who have experience interacting in communicative styles similar to the language of schooling will find it relatively easy to adjust to the language required by the school. Conversely, there are students coming from sociocultural backgrounds in which exposure to such language is limited. They have to focus on increasing their literacy by working out how language contributes to the meaning-making they need in their study (Schleppegrell, 2004, p. 6). As mentioned by Schleppegrell (2004, p. 21) above, one of the distinguishing characteristics of educational knowledge is its embodiment in a written monologic text, removed from any situational context (Halliday, 1988a, p. 11). This mode of text will be crucial in the academic life of children as they proceed in their education to the tertiary education.
Changes in Returns to Education in Pakistan: 1990-2002

This paper examines the trends in marginal rates of return to various levels of education for paid employees and how rewards for additional investments at a particularlevel of education has changed over time. Although the findings are indicative of increasing returns at different educational levels (excluding Graduation) over the years, we find no evidence that additional investments atsuccessive levels bring consistently higher returns as highlighted by certain previous studies in Pakistan. The changes in returns at the primary and pre secondary levels have been found to be miniscule, taking the time spaninto consideration. The paper has also examined the returns to education between males and females and across urban and rural areas in view of the large disparities that exist by gender and region. Our findings indicate that although the wage structure may be biased in favour of males, additional investments made in female education accrue higher returns in comparison to males. Moreover, higher education is better rewarded in the urban areas whereas medium of instruction is a significant indicator of earning differentials in the labour market.
Left Temporal Lobe Structural and Functional Abnormality Underlying Auditory Hallucinations in Schizophrenia

In this article, we have reviewed recent findings from our laboratory, originally presented in Hugdahl et al. (2008). These findings reveal that auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia should best be conceptualized as internally generated speech mis-representations lateralized to the left superior temporal gyrus and sulcus, not cognitively suppressed due to enhanced attention to the ‘voices’ and failure of fronto-parietal executive control functions. An overview of diagnostic questionnaires for scoring of symptoms is presented together with a review of behavioral, structural, and functional MRI data. Functional imaging data have either shown increased or decreased activation depending on whether patients have been presented an external stimulus during scanning. Structural imaging data have shown reduction of grey matter density and volume in the same areas in the temporal lobe. We have proposed a model for the understanding of auditory hallucinations that trace the origin of auditory hallucinations to neuronal abnormality in the speech areas in the left temporal lobe, which is not suppressed by volitional cognitive control processes, due to dysfunctional fronto-parietal executive cortical networks.
Application of Extreme Learning Machine Method for Time Series Analysis

— In this paper, we study the application of Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) algorithm for single layered feedforward neural networks to non-linear chaotic time series problems. In this algorithm the input weights and the hidden layer bias are randomly chosen. The ELM formulation leads to solving a system of linear equations in terms of the unknown weights connecting the hidden layer to the output layer. The solution of this general system of linear equations will be obtained using Moore-Penrose generalized pseudo inverse. For the study of the application of the method we consider the time series generated by the Mackey Glass delay differential equation with different time delays, Santa Fe A and UCR heart beat rate ECG time series. For the choice of sigmoid, sin and hardlim activation functions the optimal values for the memory order and the number of hidden neurons which give the best prediction performance in terms of root mean square error are determined. It is observed that the results obtained are in close agreement with the exact solution of the problems considered which clearly shows that ELM is a very promising alternative method for time series prediction.
Konaklama İşletmeleri Muhasebe Müdürlerinde Tükenmişlik Sendromu-II

Calismanin ikinci bolumunde, Antalya yoresinde faaliyette bulunan 5 yildizli oteller ve 1. sinif tatil koylerindeki muhasebe mudurlerinin tukenmislik duzeylerini olcmek icin tek-yonlu varyans analizi (Scheffe ve LSD testi ile birlikte), t-testi ve pearson korelasyon teknigi kullanilmistir.
Water Fluxes and Cell Migration : How Aquaporin 9 Controls Cell Shape and Motility

Cells move along surfaces both as single cells and multi-cellular units. Recent research points toward pivotal roles for water flux through aquaporins (AQPs) in single cell migration. Their expression is known to facilitate this process by promoting rapid shape changes. However, little is known about the impact on migrating epithelial sheets during wound healing and epithelial renewal. Here, we investigate and compare the effects of AQP9 on single cell and epithelial sheet migration. To achieve this, MDCK-1 cells stably expressing AQP9 were subjected to migration assessment. We found that AQP9 facilitated cell locomotion at both the single and multi-cellular level. Furthermore, we identified major differences in the monolayer integrity and cell size upon expression of AQP9 during epithelial sheet migration, indicating a rapid volume-regulatory mechanism. We suggest a novel mechanism for epithelial wound healing based on AQP-induced swelling and expansion of the monolayer.
Perceptual-Cognitive Changes During Motor Learning: The Influence of Mental and Physical Practice on Mental Representation, Gaze Behavior, and Performance of a Complex Action

Despite the wealth of research on differences between experts and novices with respect to their perceptual-cognitive background (e.g., mental representations, gaze behavior), little is known about the change of these perceptual-cognitive components over the course of motor learning. In the present study, changes in one’s mental representation, quiet eye behavior, and outcome performance were examined over the course of skill acquisition as it related to physical and mental practice. Novices (N = 45) were assigned to one of three conditions: physical practice, combined physical plus mental practice, and no practice. Participants in the practice groups trained on a golf putting task over the course of 3 days, either by repeatedly executing the putt, or by both executing and imaging the putt. Findings revealed improvements in putting performance across both practice conditions. Regarding the perceptual-cognitive changes, participants practicing mentally and physically revealed longer quiet eye durations as well as more elaborate representation structures in comparison to the control group, while this was not the case for participants who underwent physical practice only. Thus, in the present study, combined mental and physical practice led to both formation of mental representations in long-term memory and longer quiet eye durations. Interestingly, the length of the quiet eye directly related to the degree of elaborateness of the underlying mental representation, supporting the notion that the quiet eye reflects cognitive processing. This study is the first to show that the quiet eye becomes longer in novices practicing a motor action. Moreover, the findings of the present study suggest that perceptual and cognitive adaptations co-occur over the course of motor learning.
The Role of FGFR1 Gene Amplification as a Poor Prognostic Factor in Squamous Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis of Published Data

Objectives. The prognostic factors of the fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain controversial. Methods. We conducted a meta-analysis of published studies from 1974 to February 2015. In absence of quality difference between studies of reporting significant and nonsignificant results, the relationship between FGFR1 amplification and clinicopathological parameters in NSCLC was analyzed. And also the combined hazard ratio (HR) and their corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated in terms of overall survival. Results. 3178 patients (12 studies) were included in the analysis. It was shown that FGFR1 amplification was significantly more prevalent among male patients (RR 2.03, 95% CI 1.57–2.63) with squamous cell lung cancer (SQCC) (RR 3.49, 95% CI 2.62–4.64) and current smokers (RR 2.63, 95% CI 1.92–3.60). The pooled data also showed that the FGFR1 amplification was a poor prognostic factor in SQCC (HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.07–1.78), Asian patients (HR 1.78, 95% CI 1.22–2.60), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) method (HR 1.30, 95% CI 1.06–1.58). Conclusions. This meta-analysis strongly suggests that FGFR1 amplification occurs more frequently in male, SQCC and smokers, and it is a risk factor for poor prognosis among Asian patients with SQCC.
Ion‐dependent gating of kainate receptors

Ligand‐gated ion channels are an important class of signalling protein that depend on small chemical neurotransmitters such as acetylcholine, l‐glutamate, glycine and γ‐aminobutyrate for activation. Although numerous in number, neurotransmitter substances have always been thought to drive the receptor complex into the open state in much the same way and not rely substantially on other factors. However, recent work on kainate‐type (KAR) ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) has identified an exception to this rule. Here, the activation process fails to occur unless external monovalent anions and cations are present. This absolute requirement of ions singles out KARs from all other ligand‐gated ion channels, including closely related AMPA‐ and NMDA‐type iGluR family members. The uniqueness of ion‐dependent gating has earmarked this feature of KARs as a putative target for the development of selective ligands; a prospect all the more compelling with the recent elucidation of distinct anion and cation binding pockets. Despite these advances, much remains to be resolved. For example, it is still not clear how ion effects on KARs impacts glutamatergic transmission. I conclude by speculating that further analysis of ion‐dependent gating may provide clues into how functionally diverse iGluRs families emerged by evolution. Consequently, ion‐dependent gating of KARs looks set to continue to be a subject of topical inquiry well into the future.
F11-Mediated Inhibition of RhoA Signalling Enhances the Spread of Vaccinia Virus In Vitro and In Vivo in an Intranasal Mouse Model of Infection

The cortical actin cytoskeleton beneath the plasma membrane represents a physical barrier that vaccinia virus has to overcome during its exit from an infected cell. Previous observations using overexpression and pharmacological approaches suggest that vaccinia enhances its release by modulating the cortical actin cytoskeleton by inhibiting RhoA signalling using the viral protein F11. We have now examined the role of F11 and its ability to interact with RhoA to inhibit its downstream signalling in the spread of vaccinia infection both in vitro and in vivo. Live cell imaging over 48 hours reveals that loss of F11 or its ability to bind RhoA dramatically reduces the rate of cell-to-cell spread of the virus in a cell monolayer. Cells infected with the ΔF11L virus also maintained their cell-to-cell contacts, and did not undergo virus-induced motility as observed during wild-type infections. The ΔF11L virus is also attenuated in intranasal mouse models of infection, as it is impaired in its ability to spread from the initial sites of infection to the lungs and spleen. Loss of the ability of F11 to bind RhoA also reduces viral spread in vivo. Our results clearly establish that viral-mediated inibition of RhoA signalling can enhance the spread of infection not only in cell monolayers, but also in vivo.
UMUX-LITE: when there's no time for the SUS

In this paper we present the UMUX-LITE, a two-item questionnaire based on the Usability Metric for User Experience (UMUX) [6]. The UMUX-LITE items are This system's capabilities meet my requirements and This system is easy to use. " Data from two independent surveys demonstrated adequate psychometric quality of the questionnaire. Estimates of reliability were . 82 and . 83 -- excellent for a two-item instrument. Concurrent validity was also high, with significant correlation with the SUS (.81, .81) and with likelihood-to-recommend (LTR) scores (.74, .73). The scores were sensitive to respondents' frequency-of-use. UMUX-LITE score means were slightly lower than those for the SUS, but easily adjusted using linear regression to match the SUS scores. Due to its parsimony (two items), reliability, validity, structural basis (usefulness and usability) and, after applying the corrective regression formula, its correspondence to SUS scores, the UMUX-LITE appears to be a promising alternative to the SUS when it is not desirable to use a 10-item instrument.
Information Transfers among Coowned Firms

We study how lenders in blockheld firms exploit the information on the other holdings of equity blockholders to learn their attitude toward creditors. In the presence of the conflict of interest between lenders and equityholders, information on how blockholders behave in the other firms they control provides the lenders with key information about potential blockholder behavior. We test this hypothesis using data on US public firms over the 2001–2008 period. We show that the financial conditions of these co-owned firms affect how lenders value other firms in which the owner has a major stake. Bad news on credit quality in co-owned firms raise the firm's credit risk. Our identification is based on the instrumental variables estimation where we instrument the changes in credit risk of co-owned firms by the natural disaster events in the counties of co-owned firm headquarters.
Chronobiology of Melatonin beyond the Feedback to the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus—Consequences to Melatonin Dysfunction

The mammalian circadian system is composed of numerous oscillators, which gradually differ with regard to their dependence on the pacemaker, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Actions of melatonin on extra-SCN oscillators represent an emerging field. Melatonin receptors are widely expressed in numerous peripheral and central nervous tissues. Therefore, the circadian rhythm of circulating, pineal-derived melatonin can have profound consequences for the temporal organization of almost all organs, without necessarily involving the melatonin feedback to the suprachiasmatic nucleus. Experiments with melatonin-deficient mouse strains, pinealectomized animals and melatonin receptor knockouts, as well as phase-shifting experiments with explants, reveal a chronobiological role of melatonin in various tissues. In addition to directly steering melatonin-regulated gene expression, the pineal hormone is required for the rhythmic expression of circadian oscillator genes in peripheral organs and to enhance the coupling of parallel oscillators within the same tissue. It exerts additional effects by modulating the secretion of other hormones. The importance of melatonin for numerous organs is underlined by the association of various diseases with gene polymorphisms concerning melatonin receptors and the melatonin biosynthetic pathway. The possibilities and limits of melatonergic treatment are discussed with regard to reductions of melatonin during aging and in various diseases.