Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Molecular determinants of irinotecan efficacy

Molecular markers predicting the efficacy of CPT‐11 based chemotherapies in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) are unknown. Therefore, we investigated whether mRNA levels of drug targets (Topoisomerase I, TS), enzymes involved in 5‐FU metabolism (DPD), in angiogenesis (EGFR, IL‐8, VEGF) and in DNA‐repair/drug detoxification (ERCC1, GST‐P1) are associated with the clinical outcome of patients with CRC treated with first‐line CPT‐11 based chemotherapy. Thirty three patients with metastatic CRC were included in the study. Intratumoral gene expression levels were assessed from paraffin‐embedded tissue samples, using laser capture microdissection and quantitative Real‐Time PCR. Complete response was observed in 1 patient, partial response in 12 patients, stable disease in 13 patients and progressive disease in 6 patients. Response was inevaluable for 1 patient. Patients with complete response or partial response were classified as responders, while patients with stable disease or progressive disease were classified as nonresponders. High intratumoral mRNA levels of EGFR, ERCC1 and GSPT‐P1 were each significantly associated with response to CPT‐11 based chemotherapy. Recursive partitioning analysis showed that mRNA levels of EGFR and ERCC1 are primarily responsible for delineating responders from nonresponders. Also, the combination of high intratumoral gene expression levels of both EGFR and ERCC1 was significantly associated with progression‐free survival. The mRNA levels of EGFR had a significant correlation with expression levels of ERCC1, GST‐P1 and VEGF. This small retrospective study suggests that gene expression levels of EGFR, ERCC1 and GST‐P1 may be useful in predicting the clinical outcome of patients with metastatic CRC treated with first‐line CPT‐11 based chemotherapy. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Super-energy tensors

A simple and purely algebraic construction of super-energy (s-e) tensors for arbitrary fields is presented in any dimensions. These tensors have good mathematical and physical properties, and they can be used in any theory having as basic arena an n-dimensional manifold with a metric of Lorentzian signature. In general, the completely timelike component of these s-e tensors has the mathematical features of an energy density: they are positive definite and satisfy the dominant property, which provides s-e estimates useful for global results and helpful in other matters, such as the causal propagation of the fields. Similarly, super-momentum vectors appear with the mathematical properties of s-e flux vectors. The classical Bel and Bel-Robinson tensors for the gravitational fields are included in our general definition. The energy-momentum and super-energy tensors of physical fields are also obtained, and the procedure will be illustrated by writing down these tensors explicitly for the cases of scalar, electromagnetic, and Proca fields. Moreover, higher order (super)k-energy tensors are defined and shown to be meaningful and in agreement for the different physical fields. In flat spacetimes, they provide infinitely many conserved quantities. In non-flat spacetimes, the fundamental question of the interchange of s-e quantities between different fields is addressed, and answered affirmatively. Conserved s-e currents are found for any minimally coupled scalar field whenever there is a Killing vector. Furthermore, the exchange of gravitational and electromagnetic super-energy is also shown by studying the propagation of discontinuities. This seems to open the door for new types of conservation physical laws.
Serial position phenomena: Training and retrieval effects

With successive free recall lists primacy items are usually among the first to be reported on the initial list. Recency items will then take over and be first reported on later lists. This retrieval shift was studied under varied list conditions designed to counteract ordinary position effects, and proved to be a stable and resistent effect. One experiment had subjects practice on five different free recall lists over three trials, and the results agreed with the hypothesis that primacy reduction is caused by proactive interference rather than by the primacy to recency report shift. Experiments of the usual one-session laboratory type have consistently failed to show practice effects on serial lists with incompatible spatial and temporal order cues. In a case study of five subjects examined over a period of three months only slight improvement on single-trial lists was observed. However, when naive subjects were given four successive trials with the same type of cue-conflict list, prominent practice effects were easily demonstrated. Observations confirmed the assumption that repeated presentations of items located in middle list positions may counteract the privilege of primacy and recency positions. When repetitions were made within contracting and expanding lists, the results proved that active anchoring, making itself visible as primacy effects, is feasible with contracting lists but difficult with expanding lists. Active performance of list learning strategies generally results in primacy effects; whereas passive shortcut procedures, in learning and retrieval of information, produce recency effects. Predominant recency effects are symptoms of difficult task situations only partially mastered by the learner; primacy effects point to more successful elaboration. Overall, serial position effects do not seem to be due to structural memory stores so much as to the working of cognitive strategy factors. A problem-solving theory was presented as an alternative to information-processing models of serial learning and memory.
Molecular Weight, Osmotic Second Virial Coefficient, and Extinction Coefficient of Colloidal CdSe Nanocrystals

Membrane osmometry is used to measure osmotic pressures of dilute solutions containing quasispherical CdSe nanocrystals covered with polymer brushes in toluene in the range 31−45 °C. Osmotic-pressure data, as a function of nanocrystal concentration, yield the molecular weight and the osmotic second virial coefficient of the nanocrystals; the latter is related to the potential of mean force between two nanocrystal particles in dilute solution. Coupled with molecular-weight data, extinction coefficients and oscillator strengths are also obtained for nanocrystals of various sizes in toluene. CdSe nanocrystal sizes were obtained either from transmission electron microscopy or from correlations between the wavelength of the absorbing peak and nanocrystal size. Osmotic-pressure data are reduced with a simple perturbed-hard-sphere equation of state; the perturbation is due to long-range (London dispersion) attraction and a short-range interaction potential. The only adjustable parameter, the strength of this sho.
The Cyclase-Associated Protein Cap1 Is Important for Proper Regulation of Infection-Related Morphogenesis in Magnaporthe oryzae

Surface recognition and penetration are critical steps in the infection cycle of many plant pathogenic fungi. In Magnaporthe oryzae, cAMP signaling is involved in surface recognition and pathogenesis. Deletion of the MAC1 adenylate cyclase gene affected appressorium formation and plant infection. In this study, we used the affinity purification approach to identify proteins that are associated with Mac1 in vivo. One of the Mac1-interacting proteins is the adenylate cyclase-associated protein named Cap1. CAP genes are well-conserved in phytopathogenic fungi but none of them have been functionally characterized. Deletion of CAP1 blocked the effects of a dominant RAS2 allele and resulted in defects in invasive growth and a reduced intracellular cAMP level. The Δcap1 mutant was defective in germ tube growth, appressorium formation, and formation of typical blast lesions. Cap1-GFP had an actin-like localization pattern, localizing to the apical regions in vegetative hyphae, at the periphery of developing appressoria, and in circular structures at the base of mature appressoria. Interestingly, Cap1, similar to LifeAct, did not localize to the apical regions in invasive hyphae, suggesting that the apical actin cytoskeleton differs between vegetative and invasive hyphae. Domain deletion analysis indicated that the proline-rich region P2 but not the actin-binding domain (AB) of Cap1 was responsible for its subcellular localization. Nevertheless, the AB domain of Cap1 must be important for its function because CAP1 ΔAB only partially rescued the Δcap1 mutant. Furthermore, exogenous cAMP induced the formation of appressorium-like structures in non-germinated conidia in CAP1 ΔAB transformants. This novel observation suggested that AB domain deletion may result in overstimulation of appressorium formation by cAMP treatment. Overall, our results indicated that CAP1 is important for the activation of adenylate cyclase, appressorium morphogenesis, and plant infection in M. oryzae. CAP1 may also play a role in feedback inhibition of Ras2 signaling when Pmk1 is activated.
Memory in Interaction: An Analysis of Repeat Calls to a Home Birth Helpline

Drawing on a corpus of 80 calls to a Home Birth helpline, we use conversation analysis to analyze how callers and call takers display to one another that they are talking for a second or subsequent time. We focus in particular on the role of memory in these interactions. We show how caller and call taker are oriented to remembering at the beginning of calls as displayed in what we call the recognition-solicit pre-sequence, how participants are oriented to issues of forgetting and remembering during the course of repeat calls, and how remembering and forgetting are made manifest in interaction. Our analysis shows how the human capacity to remember and propensity to forget have reverberating implications in calling for help.
Lower extremity nerve function in patients with lower extremity ischemia.

BACKGROUND We determined whether lower extremity ischemia, as measured by the ankle brachial index (ABI), is associated with impaired lower extremity nerve function. METHODS Participants included 478 persons with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) identified from noninvasive vascular laboratories and 292 persons without PAD identified from a general medicine practice and noninvasive vascular laboratories. Peripheral arterial disease was defined as an ABI lower than 0.90 (mild PAD: ABI, 0.70 to <0.90; moderate PAD: ABI, 0.50 to <0.70; and severe PAD: ABI, <0.50). The ABI and electrophysiologic measures of the peroneal, sural, and ulnar nerves were obtained. RESULTS Among 546 participants without diabetes, PAD participants had significantly impaired peripheral nerve function in the upper and lower extremities compared with non-PAD participants. After adjusting for age, sex, race, smoking, height, body mass index, recruitment source, alcohol use, disk disease, spinal stenosis, cardiac disease, and cerebrovascular disease, these associations were not statistically significant. After adjusting for confounders among nondiabetic participants, those with severe PAD (ABI, <0.50) had poorer peroneal nerve conduction velocity (NCV) compared with participants without PAD (42.6 vs 44.8 m/s; P = .003) and poorer peroneal NCV compared with participants with mild PAD (42.6 vs 45.0 m/s; P = .001) or moderate PAD (42.6 vs 44.1 m/s; P = .03). Among 224 participants with diabetes, after adjusting for confounders, PAD was associated with poorer peroneal NCV (40.8 vs 43.5 m/s; P = .01), sural nerve amplitude (3.1 vs 4.8 muV; P = .045), and ulnar NCV (47.6 vs 50.2 m/s; P = .03) compared with those without PAD. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that leg ischemia impairs peroneal nerve function. This association is less strong in patients with diabetes, perhaps because of the overriding influence of diabetes on peripheral nerve function. Clinicians should consider screening for PAD in patients with idiopathic peroneal nerve dysfunction. Peripheral arterial disease-associated nerve dysfunction may contribute to PAD-associated functional impairment.
Holistic Query Evaluation over Information Extraction Pipelines

We introduce holistic in-database query processing over information extraction pipelines. This requires considering the joint conditional distribution over generic Conditional Random Fields that uses factor graphs to encode extraction tasks. Our approach introduces Canopy Factor Graphs , a novel probabilistic model for eﬀectively capturing the joint conditional distribution given a canopy clustering of the data
Behaviour Management Versus Behaviour Change: A Useful Distinction?

The above quotation was attributed to a famous economist who was concerned that too much emphasis was placed on long-term economic policies rather than short-term solutions to more immediate problems or crises. This review will focus on a similar dilemma in the area of behavioral psychology and the short term versus long term solutions for individuals who present with challenging behaviours. We will argue that the distinction between behaviour management and behaviour change strategies is useful for both practitioners and researchers.
Effects of Patient Marital Status and Parental Status on Nurses' Cognitions and Behaviors

The purpose of this study is to examine the effects of information aboutfemale patients' marital and parental statuses on nurses' (1) initial impression of patients, (2) interpretations of patient characteristics and behavior, (3) data gathering about patients, and (4) oral responses to patients. Nurses employed full-time on inpatient units were given a written description of a patient who was complaining of a vaginal discharge prior to viewing a videotaped interview of the patient by a nurse. Predicted behaviors did not relate to patient's marital/parental status, but judgments and evaluations made about married and remarried women differed from those made about single women. Data gathering was not influenced by marital and parental statuses of the patient, but oral responses were. The marital status of a woman with a vaginal discharge of unknown etiology affected nurses'oral responses to the patient's comments, often in ways that suggested nurses were using the marital status information toform hypotheses about the patient.
Polarimetric Observations of 15 Active Galactic Nuclei at High Frequencies: Jet Kinematics from Bimonthly Monitoring with the Very Long Baseline Array

We present total and polarized intensity images of 15 active galactic nuclei obtained with the Very Long Baseline Array at 7 mm wavelength at 17 epochs from 1998 March to 2001 April. At some epochs the images are accompanied by nearly simultaneous polarization measurements at 3 mm, 1.35/0.85 mm, and optical wavelengths. Here we analyze the 7 mm images to define the properties of the jets of two radio galaxies, five BL Lac objects, and eight quasars on angular scales ≳0.1 mas. We determine the apparent velocities of 106 features in the jets. For many of the features we derive Doppler factors using a new method based on a comparison of the timescale of decline in flux density with the light-travel time across the emitting region. This allows us to estimate the Lorentz factors (Γ), intrinsic brightness temperatures, and viewing angles of 73 superluminal knots, as well as the opening angle of the jet for each source. The Lorentz factors of the jet flows in the different blazars range from Γ ∼ 5 to 40 with the majority of the quasar components having Γ ∼ 16–18, while the values in the BL Lac objects are more uniformly distributed. The brightest knots in the quasars have the highest apparent speeds, while the more slowly moving components are pronounced in the BL Lac objects. The quasars in our sample have similar opening angles and marginally smaller viewing angles than the BL Lacs. The two radio galaxies have lower Lorentz factors and wider viewing angles than the blazars. Opening angle and Lorentz factor are inversely proportional, as predicted by gasdynamical models. The brightness temperature drops more abruptly with distance from the core in the BL Lac objects than in the quasars and radio galaxies, perhaps owing to stronger magnetic fields in the former resulting in more severe synchrotron losses of the highest energy electrons. In nine sources we detect statistically meaningful deviations from ballistic motion, with the majority of components accelerating with distance from the core. In six sources we identify jet features with characteristics of trailing shocks that form behind the primary strong perturbations in jet simulations. The apparent speeds of these components increase with distance from the core, suggestive of acceleration of the underlying jet.
Relationship between HLA alleles and cytomegalovirus infection after allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection remains associated with increased mortality in immunocompromised populations, particularly in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients. Risk factors for reactivation include serostatus and occurrence of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
Video Action Recognition Based on Deeper Convolution Networks with Pair-Wise Frame Motion Concatenation

Deep convolution networks based strategies have shown a remarkable performance in different recognition tasks. Unfortunately, in a variety of realistic scenarios, accurate and robust recognition is hard especially for the videos. Different challenges such as cluttered backgrounds or viewpoint change etc. may generate the problem like large intrinsic and extrinsic class variations. In addition, the problem of data deficiency could also make the designed model degrade during learning and update. Therefore, an effective way by incorporating the frame-wise motion into the learning model on-the-fly has become more and more attractive in contemporary video analysis studies. ,,,,,,To overcome those limitations, in this work, we proposed a deeper convolution networks based approach with pairwise motion concatenation, which is named deep temporal convolutional networks. In this work, a temporal motion accumulation mechanism has been introduced as an effective data entry for the learning of convolution networks. Specifically, to handle the possible data deficiency, beneficial practices of transferring ResNet-101 weights and data variation augmentation are also utilized for the purpose of robust recognition. Experiments on challenging dataset UCF101 and ODAR dataset have verified a preferable performance when compared with other state-of-art works.
Patient decision making about organ quality in liver transplantation

It is challenging to discuss the use of high‐risk organs with patients, in part because of the lack of information about how patients view this topic. This study was designed to determine how patients think about organ quality and to test formats for risk communication. Semistructured interviews of 10 patients on the waiting list revealed limited understanding about the spectrum of organ quality and a reluctance to consider anything but the best organs. A computerized quantitative survey was then conducted with an interactive graph to elicit the risk of graft failure that patients would accept. Fifty‐eight percent of the 95 wait‐listed patients who completed the survey would accept only organs with a risk of graft failure of 25% or less at 3 years, whereas 18% would accept only organs with the lowest risk possible (19% at 3 years). Risk tolerance was increased when the organ quality was presented relative to average organs rather than the best organs and when feedback was provided about the implications for organ availability. More than three‐quarters of the patients reported that they wanted an equal or dominant role in organ acceptance decisions. Men tended to prefer lower risk organs (mean acceptable risk = 29%) in comparison with women (mean acceptable risk = 35%, P = 0.04), but risk tolerance was not associated with other demographic or clinical characteristics (eg, the severity of liver disease). In summary, patients want to be involved in decisions about organ quality. Patients' risk tolerance varies widely, and their acceptance of high‐risk organs can be facilitated if we present the risks of graft failure with respect to average organs and provide feedback about the implications for organ availability. Liver Transpl, 2011. © 2011 AASLD.
Social Perspective Taking: A Facilitating Aptitude for Conflict Resolution, Historical Empathy, and Social Studies Achievement

Abstract This article examines the relationship between social perspective taking (SPT) and student achievement in three domains: conflict resolution, historical empathy, and social studies grades. Although many have asserted that SPT relates to important educational outcomes, varying conceptualizations of SPT have impeded researchers' abilities to assess these relationships. Using Snow's model to guide the concepualization of SPT as a complex aptitude, this study examines 278 students in 9th & 10th grade world history classes. This investigation hypothesizes that distinct dimensions of this aptitude (the propensity to engage in perspective taking and the accuracy of perspective taking) differentially relate to these three outcomes. Correlational and regression analyses indicated that SPT significantly related to all three outcomes and provided strong support for the use of Snow's multidimensional model in relating SPT to educational outcomes. Implications for future research and for classroom practice are discussed.
Análise da freqüência e do impacto de eventos estressores em uma amostra de adolescentes

This study investigated the frequency and impact of stressful life events in 330 male and female public school adolescents, ranging from 12 to 17 years old, in Porto Alegre and Novo Hamburgo, RS, Brazil. A modified version of the Adolescence Stressful Life Events Inventory was collectively administered. Among the most frequent events were: school tests, quarreling with friends, death of relatives, obeying parent ’ s rules, and fighting with siblings. Events of greater impact included: being exposed to sexual violence, being prohibited from seeing parents, and being taken to a juvenile detention center or juvenile shelter. Sex and age differences as reflected in frequency and impact were explored. In contrast to boys, girls reported higher levels of impact and a higher frequency of stressful life events related to interpersonal relationships. Keywords: stressful life events; adolescence; impact.
A unified approach to analysis and design of networked and quantized control systems

We overview our recent work on a unifying design approach for networked control systems (NCS), quantized control systems (QCS) and their combinations that we refer to as networked and quantized control systems (NQCS). This method resembles controller emulation for sampled-data systems. In the first step, we design a controller ignoring the network and, in the second step, we implement the designed controller over the network with sufficiently fast transmissions and a given network protocol. Our results have several features: (i) they apply to general nonlinear systems; (ii) we obtain explicit (often non-conservative) bounds on the maximal allowable transmission interval that guarantee stability; (iii) and we show that this approach is valid for a wide range of network scheduling protocols. This provides a flexible framework for design of NCS, QCS and NQCS that is amenable to various extensions and modifications, such as a treatment of dropouts and stochastic protocols, combined controller/protocol design for linear plants, and so on.