Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
General Multi-key Searchable Encryption

We analysis outsourced server with multi-users and classify the data sharing into two main types. We focus on the data sharing between users in Searchable Encryption and the corresponding security goal. Then we present a general scheme for Searchable Encryption in which the cipher text can be generated from parameter by authorized users. With the concept of homomorphism and one-way function, we construct a general model to illustrate and fulfill the goals involved. We also promote such a model to a general Multi-Key Searchable Encryption which enables only a single submission for the retrievals in the documents encrypted by different keys. We also give two concrete examples to illustrate the feasibility and security in such a general model.
Convergent functional genomics of genome‐wide association data for bipolar disorder: Comprehensive identification of candidate genes, pathways and mechanisms

Given the mounting convergent evidence implicating many more genes in complex disorders such as bipolar disorder than the small number identified unambiguously by the first‐generation Genome‐Wide Association studies (GWAS) to date, there is a strong need for improvements in methodology. One strategy is to include in the next generation GWAS larger numbers of subjects, and/or to pool independent studies into meta‐analyses. We propose and provide proof of principle for the use of a complementary approach, convergent functional genomics (CFG), as a way of mining the existing GWAS datasets for signals that are there already, but did not reach significance using a genetics‐only approach. With the CFG approach, the integration of genetics with genomics, of human and animal model data, and of multiple independent lines of evidence converging on the same genes offers a way of extracting signal from noise and prioritizing candidates. In essence our analysis is the most comprehensive integration of genetics and functional genomics to date in the field of bipolar disorder, yielding a series of novel (such as Klf12, Aldh1a1, A2bp1, Ak3l1, Rorb, Rora) and previously known (such as Bdnf, Arntl, Gsk3b, Disc1, Nrg1, Htr2a) candidate genes, blood biomarkers, as well as a comprehensive identification of pathways and mechanisms. These become prime targets for hypothesis driven follow‐up studies, new drug development and personalized medicine approaches. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Systems-savvy selling, interpersonal identification with customers, and the sales manager’s motivational paradox: a constructivist grounded theory approach

This article combines a constructivist grounded theory approach with a focus on structuration theory to propose a new mental model for understanding motivation in the context of solving complex problems in contemporary business-to-business (B2B) settings. This study uses the interpretative tradition of qualitative research to conduct in-depth interviews of 24 B2B sales professionals and subsequently analyze their lived experiences. Findings indicate that intrinsic motivation stems attitudinally from a need to foster an identity of helping customers, introducing a concept called “interpersonal identification” with customers. That identity motivates the development of more cognitively intense sales proposals using a more holistic proposal development process – referred to herein as “systems-savvy selling. ” While interpersonal relationships have long been components of B2B relationships, this study challenges laypeople’s stereotypes of salespeople who use interpersonal relationships to improve business outcomes. Instead, systems-savvy selling helps salespeople build interpersonal relationships and use business outcomes as feedback to strengthen interpersonal relationships and their identification with customers. Unexpectedly, it also finds that dual-role sales managers, who have roles both in selling and managing, confront a paradox of self versus others when managing systems-savvy selling processes. By sampling within an industry in which the research team benefits from significant expertise, the constructivist grounded theory approach relying on semistructured, in-depth interviews used herein leverages the research team’s expertise while controlling for industry-level effects.
Impact of the 2009 US Preventive Services Task Force Guidelines on Screening Mammography Rates on Women in Their 40s

Background The 2009 US Preventive Services Task Force breast cancer screening update recommended against routine screening mammography for women aged 40–49; confusion and release of conflicting guidelines followed. We examined the impact of the USPSTF update on population-level screening mammography rates in women ages 40–49. Methods and Findings We conducted a retrospective, interrupted time-series analysis using a nationally representative, privately-insured population from 1/1/2006-12/31/2011. Women ages 40–64 enrolled for ≥1 month were included. The primary outcome was receipt of screening mammography, identified using administrative claims-based algorithms. Time-series regression models were estimated to determine the effect of the guideline change on screening mammography rates. 5.5 million women ages 40–64 were included. A 1.8 per 1,000 women (p = 0.003) decrease in monthly screening mammography rates for 40–49 year-old women was observed two months following the guideline change; no initial effect was seen for 50–64 year-old women. However, two years following the guideline change, a slight increase in screening mammography rates above expected was observed in both age groups. Conclusions We detected a modest initial drop in screening mammography rates in women ages 40–49 immediately after the 2009 USPSTF guideline followed by an increase in screening rates. Unfavorable public reactions and release of conflicting statements may have tempered the initial impact. Renewal of the screening debate may have brought mammography to the forefront of women's minds, contributing to the observed increase in mammography rates two years after the guideline change. This pattern is unlikely to reflect informed choice and underscores the need for improved translation of evidence-based care and guidelines into practice.
Chandra Observation of the Central Galaxies in the A1060 Cluster of Galaxies

A Chandra observation of the central region of the A1060 cluster of galaxies resolved X-ray emission from two giant elliptical galaxies, NGC 3311 and NGC 3309. The emission from these galaxies consists of two components, namely, the hot interstellar medium (ISM) and the low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs). We found that the spatial extent of the ISM component was much smaller than that of stars for both galaxies, while the ratios of X-ray to optical blue-band luminosities were rather low but within the general scatter for elliptical galaxies. After subtracting the LMXB component, the ISM is shown to be in pressure balance with the intracluster medium of A1060 at the outer boundary of the ISM. These results imply that the hot gas supplied from stellar mass loss is confined by the external pressure of the intracluster medium, with the thermal conduction likely to be suppressed. The cD galaxy NGC 3311 does not exhibit the extended potential structure that is commonly seen in bright elliptical galaxies, and we discuss the possible evolution history of the very isothermal cluster A1060.
Cities, Systems and Structures: an ontological approach to urban studies

Ontological issues lie at the heart of the epistemological, methodological and theoretical discussions over the workings and operations of cities – however, as Castells and Zukin point out, they find themselves mired in the midst of the praxis of urban studies, for reasons not entirely clear. In this work we attempt to trace a path through the ontology of urban studies, attempting to show the reasons for this apparent omission, as well as showing convergent trends from various disciplines towards a constructed ontology. Attempting to advance these discussions, and focusing on the case of heritage studies, we analyse a set of analytical classes that can inform the construction of such a “shared language”, debating them as a phenomenologically constructed set of plausible entities and intentions. In line with that, we argue the need for a transparent phenomenological epistemology, synthetized with strands of complex system analysis, as well as the methodological implications of such processes. We conclude by tracing some possibilities and implications of these kinds of analysis for urban studies in general.
Computation of general inner-outer and spectral factorizations

In this paper, we solve two problems in linear systems theory: the computation of the inner-outer and spectral factorizations of a continuous-time system considered in the most general setting. We show that these factorization problems rely essentially on solving for the stabilizing solution a standard algebraic Riccati equation of order usually much smaller than the McMillan degree of the transfer function matrix of the system. The proposed procedures are completely general, being applicable for a polynomial/proper/improper system whose transfer function matrix could be rank deficient and could have poles/zeros on the imaginary axis or at infinity. As an application we discuss the extension to the case of rational matrices of the complete orthogonal decomposition of a constant matrix. Numerical refinements and examples illustrating the proposed approach, are discussed in detail.
An efficient divide-and-conquer cascade for nonlinear object detection

We introduce a method to accelerate the evaluation of object detection cascades with the help of a divide-and-conquer procedure in the space of candidate regions. Compared to the exhaustive procedure that thus far is the state-of-the-art for cascade evaluation, the proposed method requires fewer evaluations of the classifier functions, thereby speeding up the search. Furthermore, we show how the recently developed efficient subwindow search (ESS) procedure [11] can be integrated into the last stage of our method. This allows us to use our method to act not only as a faster procedure for cascade evaluation, but also as a tool to perform efficient branch-and-bound object detection with nonlinear quality functions, in particular kernelized support vector machines. Experiments on the PASCAL VOC 2006 dataset show an acceleration of more than 50% by our method compared to standard cascade evaluation.
Case Study of the Dundee Academy of Sport Secondary, Further and Higher Education Work (2013-17)

Widening access to Higher Education has been a priority globally in recent years. This has helped shape projects that work with educational establishments in more deprived communities to remove barriers to continued education. One such barrier is often the difficulty that students face in transitioning between educational environments. In Scotland, the Government have made widening access a key initiative and have supported projects that work towards this aim. The Dundee Academy of Sport (DAoS) project was established as a venture between Abertay University and Dundee and Angus College. The project works with schools from an SIMD20 (deprived) background and attempts to remove barriers to Further Education (FE) and Higher Education (HE). The project works throughout the educational continuum and supports students at each stage of transition. This study focused specifically on the work within secondary schools, FE, HE, as well as the role of DAoS in supporting transition across sectors. Six practitioners from three partner schools, two partner colleges and one lecturer at the university were interviewed to give their evaluation on how DAoS worked with their institution. At secondary level, work with senior pupils was highlighted as being useful in preparing students for FE and HE. Changes in attitude and mind-set for the pupils were noted among those who previously may not have considered continued education. Financial support and skills of DAoS staff were identified as being beneficial to schools. This suggests that a contextualised approach in schools can be useful for engaging pupils. This also suggests that by offering access to FE and HE establishments can make pupils consider these as viable options moving forward. Areas for improvement identified included further embedding of the project into FE and HE courses, further integration of staff, as well as the project being focussed more towards the senior phases of secondary schools.
Bayesian Geostatistical Modeling of Malaria Indicator Survey Data in Angola

The 2006–2007 Angola Malaria Indicator Survey (AMIS) is the first nationally representative household survey in the country assessing coverage of the key malaria control interventions and measuring malaria-related burden among children under 5 years of age. In this paper, the Angolan MIS data were analyzed to produce the first smooth map of parasitaemia prevalence based on contemporary nationwide empirical data in the country. Bayesian geostatistical models were fitted to assess the effect of interventions after adjusting for environmental, climatic and socio-economic factors. Non-linear relationships between parasitaemia risk and environmental predictors were modeled by categorizing the covariates and by employing two non-parametric approaches, the B-splines and the P-splines. The results of the model validation showed that the categorical model was able to better capture the relationship between parasitaemia prevalence and the environmental factors. Model fit and prediction were handled within a Bayesian framework using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) simulations. Combining estimates of parasitaemia prevalence with the number of children under we obtained estimates of the number of infected children in the country. The population-adjusted prevalence ranges from in Namibe province to in Malanje province. The odds of parasitaemia in children living in a household with at least ITNs per person was by 41% lower (CI: 14%, 60%) than in those with fewer ITNs. The estimates of the number of parasitaemic children produced in this paper are important for planning and implementing malaria control interventions and for monitoring the impact of prevention and control activities.
Serum Uric Acid Levels and Incident Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and Preserved Kidney Function

OBJECTIVE Recent studies have suggested an association between hyperuricemia and adverse renal outcomes in nondiabetic populations. Data on the relationship between hyperuricemia and the risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) in type 2 diabetic patients with normal or near-normal kidney function are lacking. We determined whether baseline serum uric acid levels predict the subsequent development of CKD in patients with type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We followed 1,449 type 2 diabetic patients with normal kidney function and without overt proteinuria for 5 years for the occurrence of incident CKD (defined as overt proteinuria or estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] <60 mL/min/1.73 m2). RESULTS During a 5-year follow-up period, 194 (13.4%) patients developed incident CKD. The cumulative incidence of CKD was significantly greater in patients with hyperuricemia than in those without hyperuricemia (29.5 vs. 11.4%, P < 0.001). In univariate logistic regression analysis, the presence of hyperuricemia roughly doubled the risk of developing CKD (odds ratio [OR] 2.55 [95% CI 1.71–3.85], P < 0.001). After adjusting for age, sex, BMI, smoking status, diabetes duration, systolic blood pressure, antihypertensive treatment, insulin therapy, HbA1c, eGFR, and albuminuria, hyperuricemia was associated with an increased risk of incident CKD (adjusted OR 2.10 [1.16–3.76], P < 0.01). In continuous analyses, a 1-SD increment in the serum uric acid level was significantly associated with a 21% increased risk of CKD. CONCLUSIONS In type 2 diabetic individuals with preserved kidney function, hyperuricemia seems to be an independent risk factor for the development of incident CKD.
Curriculum principles, didactic practice and social issues: Thinking through teachers' knowledge practices in collaborative work

Previous subject-specific education research has shown that education in social studies subjects is dominated by strong subject traditions, while current social issues are seldom addressed and the connection to academic disciplines is weak. Putting this result into context, we discuss how the debate initiated by Michael Young about 'powerful knowledge' as a curriculum principle for the selection of school knowledge gives important theoretical insights. However, we argue that these insights can be developed further by linking them to continental Didaktik theory, in particular to Wolfgang Klafki's models of 'categorical Bildung ' and 'critical-constructive didactics' and Ingrid Carlgren's perspective on teaching as different knowledge practices. These ideas make clear the link between the selection of knowledge at curriculum level and the selection and transformation of knowledge at classroom level. Based on this theoretical argument, we discuss how researchers and teachers can collaborate around the selection and transformation of knowledge in a school setting, thereby contributing to a knowledge reservoir for the teaching profession. We conclude with a discussion of an ongoing case study taking place in an upper primary school in Sweden, which exemplifies our theoretical argumentation, showing how a 'time-geographical' perspective can inform teaching about migration as a phenomenon and current social issue.
FEMALE PREFERENCE FOR MALE SALIVA: IMPLICATIONS FOR SEXUAL ISOLATION OF MUS MUSCULUS SUBSPECIES

Abstract We studied the effects of a single genetic change on a complex mammalian behavior using animals congenic for two variants of Abpa, the gene for the alpha subunit of mouse salivary androgen-binding protein (ABP), in two-way preference tests. Females exhibited a preference for investigating salivas of males of their own genetic type of ABP but not for urines of either type of male. This preference behavior is consistent for samples of mice from geographically diverse populations of Mus musculus domesticus and M. m. musculus. These findings provide an explanation for the observation that this gene is evolving under strong selection.
Identification of spatio-temporal and kinematics parameters for 2-D optical gait analysis system using passive markers

Quantification of human gait assist healthcare professionals to distinguish between normal and abnormal gait. Most gait capture systems use direct measurement techniques to acquire Spatio-temporal parameters and kinematics for motion information, but in that subject has to carry cables and other costly component. To overcome these limitations, this paper studies the feasibility of Spatio Temporal and Kinematics parameters by using passive marker based 2-D optical gait analysis system. The co-ordinates of markers were obtained by using a home setting arrangement consisting of a camera, 5 reflective passive markers and a personal computer. Algorithms were developed to analyze, Spatio-temporal and Kinematic gait parameters such as step length, cadence, stride rate, gait cycle, joint angles and gait speed can be assessed. The main profit of the presented system are that it reduces the extra time and complexity required for marker placement, the high cost for the markers, and also the effect of the markers on the subject's movement. The prototype of the system provides decent quantitative Spatio Temporal and Kinematics gait parameters that can assisted for better understanding of Indian patients gait pathology, treatment and rehabilitation by Healthcare Professionals.
The Sleeping Witness – Sleep’s Effect on Memory in a Witness Situation

Previous studies have shown that sleep strengthens memory. The current study has put this into a real-life context and study sleep’s effect on witness testimony. The 18 participants watched a video of a fictitious assault, and after a 12-hour delay, where half stayed awake during the day, and half slept during the night. They answered a questionnaire about the video, as a memory test. The questions were divided into different categories of interest such as facts surrounding the assault, time estimation of e.g. the duration of the assault, and the aggressiveness of the perpetrators. The participants were then asked to identify a perpetrator in a picture line-up. They also reported their confidence estimation for each answer they gave. The results showed that there was no significant difference between the groups’ memory performance for fact questions, time estimations, aggressiveness estimations or the ability to identify a perpetrator in a line-up. Even though sleep did not improve overall memory performance, it made the participants who slept rate their confidence in their answers higher. Conclusion: sleep did not improve memory, affect the perceived aggressiveness, or identification in the line-up, but it did increase the confidence estimation of the sleeping participants’ answers. (Less)
The Mini-Chromosome Maintenance (Mcm) Complexes Interact with DNA Polymerase α-Primase and Stimulate Its Ability to Synthesize RNA Primers

The Mini-chromosome maintenance (Mcm) proteins are essential as central components for the DNA unwinding machinery during eukaryotic DNA replication. DNA primase activity is required at the DNA replication fork to synthesize short RNA primers for DNA chain elongation on the lagging strand. Although direct physical and functional interactions between helicase and primase have been known in many prokaryotic and viral systems, potential interactions between helicase and primase have not been explored in eukaryotes. Using purified Mcm and DNA primase complexes, a direct physical interaction is detected in pull-down assays between the Mcm2∼7 complex and the hetero-dimeric DNA primase composed of the p48 and p58 subunits. The Mcm4/6/7 complex co-sediments with the primase and the DNA polymerase α-primase complex in glycerol gradient centrifugation and forms a Mcm4/6/7-primase-DNA ternary complex in gel-shift assays. Both the Mcm4/6/7 and Mcm2∼7 complexes stimulate RNA primer synthesis by DNA primase in vitro. However, primase inhibits the Mcm4/6/7 helicase activity and this inhibition is abolished by the addition of competitor DNA. In contrast, the ATP hydrolysis activity of Mcm4/6/7 complex is not affected by primase. Mcm and primase proteins mutually stimulate their DNA-binding activities. Our findings indicate that a direct physical interaction between primase and Mcm proteins may facilitate priming reaction by the former protein, suggesting that efficient DNA synthesis through helicase-primase interactions may be conserved in eukaryotic chromosomes.
Flipped Computer Science classes

Computer Science (CS) classes have been supported for ten years by multimedia materials in the form of podcasts. Even such materials did not improve quality of learning outcomes. In order to change this the idea of flipped classroom (FC) was used but situation did not change radically, so survey concerning students opinion on FC was conducted. Comparison of results of survey show big differences in attitude to FC and learning between students in Poland and students in United States or Canada. Conclusion of this research is sad-it is very difficult to motivate Polish digital natives to learn.