Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A distributed algorithm for D2D communication in 5G using stochastic model

Device to device (D2D) communication in 5G is on the spurge to compensate for the exponential increase in mobile users and their data requirements. In D2D communication, proximity users can communicate and control the links among themselves without the need of base station. This brings a real challenge to model the network to incorporate uncertainty which arises due to the mobility of users. We have developed a stochastic integer programming (SIP) based model to optimize the average network delay while keeping the packet loss below a threshold. This SIP model involves a probabilistic constraint which deals with conditional probability of link breakage in the next time instance given it was active at current time instance. By exploiting the SIP model, we have developed a greedy metric termed as connectivity factor (CF) which captures the nodes' mobility and hence takes care of link reliability which in turn controls packet loss and delay per hop. Based on CF we give a pure distributed greedy algorithm for forwarding the packets to an appropriate next hop node. Advantage of our algorithm to find an appropriate next hop node is that it requires only to compute the expectation and variance of path loss, which in turn can be computed from the distributions of mobility related parameters. Here we have used random walk mobility model for simplicity, but it can be extended to other mobility model with known relevant distributions. Through simulation we have shown that our proposed algorithm gives a significant improvement in packet loss due to mobility of nodes over the traditional received signal strength (RSS) based approach and an existing contention based forwarding (CBF) approach.
Cytisine-Based Nicotinic Partial Agonists as Novel Antidepressant Compounds

Nicotine and other nicotinic agents are thought to regulate mood in human subjects and have antidepressant-like properties in animal models. Recent studies have demonstrated that blockade of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) including those containing the β2 subunit (β2*), results in antidepressant-like effects. Previous studies have shown that cytisine, a partial agonist at α4/β2* nAChRs, and a full agonist at α3/β4* and α7 nAChRs, has antidepressant-like properties in several rodent models of antidepressant efficacy; however, it is not clear whether more selective partial agonists will also be effective in these models. We tested cytisine and two derivatives, 5-bromo-cytisine (5-Br-Cyt) and 3-(pyridin-3′-yl)-cytisine (3-pyr-Cyt) for their ability to act as a partial agonist of different nAChR subtypes and to show antidepressant-like activity in C57/BL6 mice in the tail suspension, the forced-swim, and the novelty-suppressed feeding tests. 3-pyr-Cyt was a partial agonist with very low efficacy at α4/β2* nAChRS but had no agonist effects at other nAChRs normally targeted by cytisine, and it was effective in mouse models of antidepressant efficacy. Animals showed dose-dependent antidepressant-like effects in all three behavioral paradigms. 5-Br-Cyt was not effective in behavioral tests when administered peripherally, probably because of its inability to penetrate the blood-brain barrier, because it efficiently reduced immobility in the tail suspension test when administered intraventricularly. These results suggest that novel nicotinic partial agonists may provide new possibilities for development of drugs to treat mood disorders.
An Efficient and Compact Compressed Sensing Microsystem for Implantable Neural Recordings

Multi-Electrode Arrays (MEA) have been widely used in neuroscience experiments. However, the reduction of their wireless transmission power consumption remains a major challenge. To resolve this challenge, an efficient on-chip signal compression method is essential. In this paper, we first introduce a signal-dependent Compressed Sensing (CS) approach that outperforms previous works in terms of compression rate and reconstruction quality. Using a publicly available database, our simulation results show that the proposed system is able to achieve a signal compression rate of 8 to 16 while guaranteeing almost perfect spike classification rate. Finally, we demonstrate power consumption measurements and area estimation of a test structure implemented using TSMC 0.18 μm process. We estimate the proposed system would occupy an area of around 200 μm ×300 μm per recording channel, and consumes 0.27 μW operating at 20 KHz .
Personality Saturation in Structured Interviews

Applied psychologists have long been interested in the relationship between applicant personality and employment interview ratings. Analysis of data from two studies, one using a situational interview and one using a behavioral interview, suggests that the correlations of structured interview ratings with self-report measures of personality factors are generally rather low. Further, a small meta-analysis integrates these two studies and the limited previous literature to arrive at a similar conclusion - there is relatively little relationship between structured interviews and self-reported personality factors.
Predicting protestant work ethic beliefs

Two correlational studies attempt to determine the aetiology of Protestant Work Ethic (PWE) beliefs by looking at the relationship between it and various theoretically related variables. In the first study, three demographic and seven psychographic variables were regressed onto the PWE using step‐wise multiple regression. Five of the ten predictors were significant indicating that people with high internal and powerful other locus of control beliefs, limited educaztion, conservativel free‐enterprise economic beliefs, and strong postponement of gratification beliefs and practices were most likely to endorse the PWE. In the second study parents and college‐age children completed the same questionnaire to indicate family resemblances in PWE beliefs. Using a within‐family analysis it was found that there were family resemblances in PWE, economic and voting beliefs and that sons were less similar to their parents than were daughters. Results provide partial support for both McClelland's and Weber's theses, and underline other results suggesting the role of psychological conservatism in the development of PWE beliefs.
Multiple Learning Approaches in the Professional Development of School Leaders – Theoretical Perspectives and Empirical Findings on Self-assessment and Feedback

This article investigates the use of multiple learning approaches and different modes and types of learning in the (continuous) professional development (PD) of school leaders, particularly the use of self-assessment and feedback. First, formats and multiple approaches to professional learning are described. Second, a possible approach to self-assessment and feedback is explored including the ‘Competence Profile School Management (CPSM)’, which is one component of the modularized four-phase-PD program of three German states. Third, the quality and the impact of self-assessment and feedback is examined using quantitative as well as qualitative measures. The participants experience it as an enriching learning opportunity which promotes reflection and the motivation to gather more information about one’s own behavior in day-to-day practice, supports other learning opportunities and promotes the participants’ professional competencies in areas they identify as beneficial to improving their practice. Moreover, participants change the way they approach career planning after participating in this PD program. They seem to have developed a more differentiated subjective theory of leadership and identified different leadership career possibilities or career steps to principalship than they had before participating in the program. Overall, there are more participants willing to apply for different types of leadership position at schools and in the school system.
The Influence of Leadership Style on Teacher Job Satisfaction

The article examines the effects of principals’ leadership style (transformational or transactional), principals’ decision-making strategy (autocratic versus participative), and teachers’occupation perceptions on teacher satisfaction from the job. More specifically, it attempts to find out how much of the variation in teachers’job satisfaction can be attributed to their perceptions of their occupation, as compared to their perceptions about their principals’ leadership style and decision-making strategy. A quantitative questionnaire using Likert-type scales was administered to 930 teachers in Israeli schools, of whom 745 responded. Path analysis was used to explain teacher job satisfaction by the exogenous variables. The most salient finding was that teachers’occupation perceptions strongly affected their satisfaction. Principals’transformational leadership affected teachers’satisfaction both directly and indirectly through their occupation perceptions. Implications of the study are discussed in relation to supervisors and principals, as well as to policy makers at the government level.
Interpreting claims in offender profiles: the role of probability phrases, base-rates and perceived dangerousness†

Offender profilers use verbal and numerical probability expressions to convey uncertainty surrounding claims made about offender's characteristics. No previous research has examined how these expressions might affect the recipient's interpretation of the information. Seventy participants completed an online questionnaire and results showed a diverse range of interpretations of these uncertainty expressions. Moreover, characteristic base-rates and dangerousness affected the perceived likelihood of the profiling claim, such that increased base-rates and perceived dangerousness resulted in an increased perception of the claim being likely. Perceived likelihoods also depended on the framing of characteristics as well as the framing of the claim itself. Finally, where claims involved presenting a characteristic qualified by a low probability these claims were interpreted as more likely than not to be present. These findings have practical implications for profilers and more general theoretical implications for the study of risk perception. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Lack of Phenotypic Differences by Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging in MYH7 (&bgr;-Myosin Heavy Chain)- Versus MYBPC3 (Myosin-Binding Protein C)-Related Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

Background— The 2 most commonly affected genes in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) are MYH7 (&bgr;-myosin heavy chain) and MYBPC3 (&bgr;-myosin-binding protein C). Phenotypic differences between patients with mutations in these 2 genes have been inconsistent. Scarce data exist on the genotype–phenotype association as assessed by tomographic imaging using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Methods and Results— Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 358 consecutive genotyped hypertrophic cardiomyopathy probands at 5 tertiary hypertrophic cardiomyopathy centers. Genetic testing revealed a pathogenic mutation in 159 patients (44.4%). The most common genes identified were MYH7 (n=53) and MYBPC3 (n=75); 33.1% and 47% of genopositive patients, respectively. Phenotypic characteristics by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging of these 2 groups were similar, including left ventricular volumes, mass, maximal wall thickness, morphology, left atrial volume, and mitral valve leaflet lengths (all P=non-significant). The presence of late gadolinium enhancement (65% versus 64%; P=0.99) and the proportion of total left ventricular mass (%late gadolinium enhancement; 10.4±13.2% versus 8.5±8.5%; P=0.44) were also similar. Conclusions— This multicenter multinational study shows lack of phenotypic differences between MYH7- and MYBPC3-associated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy when assessed by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. Postmutational mechanisms appear more relevant to thick-filament disease expression and outcome than the disease-causing variant per se.
Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy Clinical Guideline for “Hemodialysis Initiation for Maintenance Hemodialysis”

Yuzo Watanabe, Kunihiro Yamagata, Shinichi Nishi, Hideki Hirakata, Norio Hanafusa, Chie Saito, Motoshi Hattori, Noritomo Itami, Yasuhiro Komatsu, Yoshindo Kawaguchi, Kazuhiko Tsuruya, Yoshiharu Tsubakihara, Kazuyuki Suzuki, Ken Sakai, Hideki Kawanishi, Daijo Inaguma, Hiroyasu Yamamoto, Yoshiaki Takemoto, Noriko Mori, Kazuyoshi Okada, Hiroshi Hataya, Takashi Akiba, Kunitoshi Iseki, Tadashi Tomo, Ikuto Masakane, Tadao Akizawa, and Jun Minakuchi, for “Hemodialysis Initiation for Maintenance Hemodialysis” Guideline Working Group, Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy
Changes in Vestibular Evoked Myogenic Potentials after Meniere Attacks

Objectives: The aim of this study was to apply videonystagmography (VNG) and vestibular evoked myogenic potential (VEMP) tests to patients with Meniere attacks, to explore the mechanics of where saccular disorders may affect the semicircular canals. Methods: From January 2001 to December 2003, 12 consecutive patients with unilateral definite Meniere's disease with vertiginous attacks underwent VNG for recording spontaneous nystagmus, as well as VEMP tests. Results: At the very beginning of the Meniere attack, the spontaneous nystagmus beat toward the lesion side in 5 patients (42%) and toward the healthy side in 7 patients (58%). Twenty-four hours later, only 6 patients (50%) showed spontaneous nystagmus beating toward the healthy side. Nevertheless, spontaneous nystagmus subsided in all patients within 48 hours. The VEMP test was performed within 24 hours of a Meniere attack; the VEMPs were normal in 4 patients and abnormal in 8 patients (67%). After 48 hours, 4 patients with initially abnormal VEMPs had resolution and return to normal VEMPs, and the other 4 patients still had absent VEMPs. Conclusions: Most patients (67%) with Meniere attacks revealed abnormal VEMPs, indicating that the saccule participates in a Meniere attack. This is an important idea that stimulates consideration of the mechanism of Meniere attacks.
Relationships between status judgments, identification, and counterproductive behavior

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationships among perceived external prestige (PEP), perceived internal respect (PIR), organizational and work-group identification (OID and WID), and counterproductive work behavior (CWB). Design/methodology/approach – Data were gathered from a cement firm's employees, using longitudinal research. Descriptive statistics, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were employed. Findings – PEP and top management respect were positively related to organizational identification (OID), and the latter negatively related to organizational deviance; perceived co-workers and supervisor respect was positively related to WID, and the latter negatively related to interpersonal deviance; and identification foci mediated the relationship between status judgments and CWB. Research limitations/implications – The sample was based on one organization, limiting the results’ generalizability, and interactive relationships between WID and OID wer.
Trafficking for Sexual Exploitation

Current estimates of human trafficking for sexual exploitation underestimate rather than overestimate the volume. They exaggerate the role of trafficking in international prostitution of adults but underestimate trafficking in minors. About 60–80 percent of the crime is domestic, and the bulk of cross‐border trafficking is regional. The major flows run from rural areas to cities and from economically depressed regions to affluent ones. Traffic to industrialized countries is 10–20 percent of the whole; most takes place within and between third‐world countries. Prevention should concentrate on the main source countries and the most important junctions. This requires efficient police and intelligence cooperation both regionally and internationally. It is also crucial to harmonize national legislation.
Social and Political Attitudes among Religious Groups: Convergence and Divergence over Time

Studies indicate that religious affiliation has a significant effect on political and social attitudes in the United States. A conservative-liberal continuum exists among religious groups, with certain Protestant groups demonstrating relatively consistent conservative, moderate, and liberal attitudes toward several issues. Moreover, Catholics tend to report moderate attitudes, with Jews and nonaffiliates reporting the most liberal positions. However, research that has delineated this continuum has not examined changes over time. This paper examines two competing viewpoints, which we label convergence and divergence, that are derived primarily from contemporary theories of religious change, with 20 years of data from the General Social Survey, to examine whether attitudes regarding several relevant issues have shifted significantly both between and within religious groups. We find that a within-group convergence of attitudes has occurred for issues such as women's roles in society and marijuana use, divergence between groups but convergence within groups has occurred for abortion attitudes, and a clear divergent pattern has emerged between conservative Protestants and other groups in attitudes toward school prayer. Inter- and intragroup changes over time vary from issue to issue and suggest that a complex interplay of religious and secular forces have affected changing attitudes among religious adherents.
Bilateral Asymmetry in Joint Torque During Squat Exercise Performed by Long Jumpers

Kobayashi, Y, Kubo, J, Matsuo, A, Matsubayashi, T, Kobayashi, K, and Ishii, N Bilateral asymmetry in joint torque during squat exercise performed by long jumpers. J Strength Cond Res 24(10): 2826-2830, 2010-This study aimed to examine the bilateral differences in movement and joint torques during the squat exercise by using kinematic and kinetic analyses. Eighteen long jumpers participated in this study. They performed 3 repetitions of the squat exercise with loads of 50, 70, and 90% of their 3 repetition maximum (3RM). During the exercise, their movement was recorded using a Vicon motion capture system. Ground reaction forces (GRFs) were simultaneously measured by 2 force platforms, one under each foot. On the basis of these position and force data, joint angles and torques for the hip, knee, and ankle were calculated using inverse dynamics. Results showed that the peak vertical and horizontal GRFs did not differ between the takeoff and non-takeoff legs in any loading condition. However, the maximal flexion angle and peak torque at hip showed significant differences between the limbs under all loading conditions (p < 0.05). In addition, the peak ankle torque in the takeoff leg was larger than that in the non-takeoff leg under a load of 90% of 3RM. These results indicate that joint torques may be bilaterally asymmetric when long jumpers perform the squat exercise, which should be considered when attempting to decrease the risk of injury.
Emotional and behavioural responses to everyday incivility

Although antisocial behaviour has become an issue of political and policy concern, social science lacks basic information on such events. This article explores one aspect of such everyday incivility - how people react emotionally and behaviourally to the badly behaved stranger. Mainstream criminology, as well as the social theory of Goffman and Bauman, is oriented around a fear/avoidance vision. This dominant paradigm is unnecessarily restrictive on intellectual inquiry. A raft of other options including anger/intervention; disgust/aversion and indifference/do nothing are analytically reconstructed from the classical social theory of Durkheim, Elias and Simmel. These various models are applied to incidents coded from the transcripts of the Melbourne Everyday Incivility Project. The results show that emotions and behaviours tend to pair up as predicted. Fear/avoidance, however, is a relatively uncommon response to incivil encounters. Anger/intervention and indifference/do nothing are more frequent. The former is especially associated with events where the respondent is a ‘victim’, and the latter with those where the respondent is an onlooker. These findings suggest the limitations of current criminological research in areas related to incivility and fear of crime, and have implications for collective efficacy, social capital and broken windows criminology.
The Bureaucratization, Commodification, and Privatization of Sexual Harassment through Institutional Discourse

The present study extends research of sexual harassment by examining the communicative techniques that are employed in institutional discourse. Sexual harassment is viewed as a discursive practice that can be enacted, tolerated, perpetuated, or rectified through communication. Past studies have examined how the victims of sexual harassment “frame” these events that in turn affect power relations. The current study addresses how universities frame their managerial discourse regarding sexual harassment, which often perpetuates the bureaucratization, commodification, and privatization of sexual harassment. Specifically, a post-structuralist critique and deconstruction of the policies and brochures developed by the Big Ten universities are undertaken to reveal oppressive and/or emancipatory forms of discourse. Three specific forms are addressed. They are taken-for-granted discourse, strategic ambiguity, and exclusionary discourse. A discussion follows that suggests that these forms of discourse contribute to the commodification, bureaucratization, and privatization of sexual harassment in an ironic way.
Screening for gestational diabetes; past, present and future

Gestational diabetes is carbohydrate intolerance, with onset or first recognition of hyperglycaemia during pregnancy. Several studies have suggested that gestational hyperglycaemia is associated with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, promoting the case for screening. Conversely, others argue that screening for gestational diabetes may colour the clinical judgement, influencing further management, e.g. more ‘unjustified’ caesarean sections. Additionally, the lack of definitive data either on a clear‐cut glycaemic threshold for the development of adverse outcomes or on the impact of intervention is emphasized by opponents of screening. This review attempts to evaluate the available data on screening for gestational diabetes. Oral glucose tolerance test is promoted on the basis that the diabetogenic stress of pregnancy is encountered during late gestation and is best recognized in the fed state. There are different tests, including the 1 h/50‐g, 2 h/75‐g and 3 h/100‐g tests, with practical limitations, including the time and cost involved and the unpleasant supra‐physiological glucose load that is unrelated to body weight, and issues of reproducibility and sensitivity/specificity profiles. Despite its convenience, the poor sensitivity of random glucose has precluded its routine use for screening. Fasting glucose appears to be promising but further testing is required to ensure satisfactory sensitivity/specificity in different populations. Despite its limitations, the oral glucose tolerance test has become established as the ‘most acceptable’ diagnostic test for gestational diabetes. More convenient methods, e.g. fasting or random or post‐load glucose, have to be validated therefore against the oral glucose tolerance test to gain acceptance for routine screening.