Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Micronutrients fertilizer and soybean nutritional

Poor availability of plant nutrients limits yield imany of the world's crop production areas. Zinc, iron and manganese deficit are major problem in soil of Iran. Therefore, an experiment was done at the research field of the Islamic Azad University of Kermanshah province, Iran 2009. In this research, Usage amounts of fertilizer s Zn (0, 20 and 40 kg Zn ha -1 ), Fe (0, 25 and 50 kg Fe ha -1 ) and Mn (0, 20 and 40 kg Zn ha -1 ) from source of ZnSo 4, FeSo 4 and MnSo 4, respectively. At the end of growth season, 5 plants were selected from each plot randomly and measurement concentration of elements in seeds and leaves of plants were done. Also, grain and biological yield were determined. The results showe d that Zinc and Iron at leaf and Zinc, Iron and Manganese at grain affected by Zn application. The effect of iron on leaf zinc concentration not significant, but increasing iron concentration in grain and leaf. Leaf and grain manganese concentration decreased by iron applied. Iron in G rain and leaf increased at response iron application. Such as zinc, leaf and grain manganese concentration in response to Manganese applied were increased. The highest Mn concentratio ns were detected in leaves and grains, when 40 kg Mn ha -1 applied. Application of zinc, iron and manganese f ertilizers increased the grain and biological yield in soybean. Key word: fertilizer, micronutrient, nutrition, grain yield, leaf
LncRNA GAS5 Overexpression Reverses LPS-Induced Inflammatory Injury and Apoptosis Through Up-Regulating KLF2 Expression in ATDC5 Chondrocytes

Background/Aims: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most frequently occurring joint disease and characterized by degeneration of cartilage. As the unique cell type in cartilage, chondrocytes play a crucial role during OA. Our study explored the influence of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) growth arrest-specific transcript 5 (GAS5) on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced injury in ATDC5 cells. Methods: Cell viability, apoptosis and expression of inflammatory cytokines were all assessed to evaluate LPS-induce inflammatory injury. Expression of GAS5 in LPS-induced cells was evaluated by qRT-PCR. After cell transfection, effect of abnormally expressed GAS5 on LPS-induced inflammatory injury was determined. Then, the possible target of GAS5 was screened by bioinformatics and verified by qRT-PCR and luciferase activity assay. Together, whether aberrant expression of target gene affected the modulation of GAS5 in LPS-induced inflammatory injury was also assessed. Finally, the influences of aberrant expressed Kruppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) on nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and Notch pathways were detected by Western blot analysis. Results: LPS reduced cell viability and promoted cell apoptosis and secretion of inflammatory cytokines, along with down-regulation of GAS5. LPS-induced injury was alleviated by GAS5 overexpression while was exacerbated by GAS5 silence. KLF2 was predicted and verified as a target of GAS5, and GAS5 functioned through regulating expression of KLF2. Besides, aberrant expression of KLF2 regulated expressions of key kinases involved in the NF-κB and Notch pathways. Conclusion: GAS5 might ameliorate LPS-induced inflammatory injury in ATDC5 chondrocytes by inhibiting the NF-κB and Notch signaling pathways.
Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Offspring Cardiometabolic Health at Midchildhood: Project Viva Findings

Background Exposure to preeclampsia or gestational hypertension is associated with higher offspring systolic blood pressure (SBP), but less is known about associations with other cardiometabolic risk markers. Methods and Results We studied 1097 children from the Project Viva cohort born 1999‐2002. Exposures were preeclampsia or gestational hypertension and mean maternal SBP in each trimester from prenatal records. Outcomes were research measures in midchildhood (mean 8.0 years) of SBP, overall adiposity, and a global cardiometabolic risk score comprising measures of SBP, waist circumference, glycemia, and lipids. We conducted linear regression analyses adjusted for maternal characteristics and offspring sex and age. In adjusted models, maternal preeclampsia or gestational hypertension (n=98, 9.1%) versus normal blood pressure was associated with slightly higher offspring SBP z‐score (0.15 units; 95% confidence interval [CI] −0.03, 0.32) but otherwise predicted better cardiometabolic health markers including metabolic risk z‐score (−0.23 units; −95% CI 0.44, −0.03) and several of its components as well as lower body mass index z‐score (−0.27 units; 95% CI −0.48, −0.06) and lower fat mass index (−0.91 kg/m2; 95% CI −1.35, −0.47). Similarly, higher mean third‐trimester maternal SBP was associated with higher offspring SBP z‐score (0.09 units per 10 mm Hg; 95% CI 0.02, 0.16) and lower overall and central adiposity but not with biomarkers of metabolic risk. Results for second‐trimester SBP were generally similar. First‐trimester blood pressure was associated with higher offspring blood pressure but not with other outcomes. Conclusions Higher maternal late‐pregnancy SBP and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy were associated with higher offspring SBP but otherwise better cardiometabolic health.
Telmisartan Improves Insulin Resistance: A Meta-Analysis

Background:Diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, and other obesity-related diseases are characterized by insulin resistance (IR) as a common pathophysiological change and are closely related to cardiovascular disease, which seriously threaten human health. Telmisartan belongs to a group of drugs called angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs) and it can partially activate peroxisome proliferator–activated receptors. Animal experiments have confirmed that telmisartan can regulate glucose and lipid metabolism, and improve IR. Study Question:This study performs a systematic review of the advantages of telmisartan in improving IR and compared it with other ARBs. Study Design:Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared telmisartan with other ARBs in patients with obesity, diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, and metabolic syndrome were searched from PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan Fang Database, and Chinese biomedical literature database (CBM). RCTs published as of the end of April 2017 were included in the present study. Measures and Outcomes:The outcomes included homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, fasting blood glucose level, fasting insulin level, diastolic blood pressure, and systolic blood pressure. We used a fixed-effects model or random-effects model to pool the estimates according to the heterogeneity between the included studies. Results:A total of 21 RCTs, which included 1679 patients, were included. Results revealed that telmisartan was superior in improving homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (mean difference = −0.23, 95% confidence interval [CI], −0.40 to −0.06), reducing fasting blood glucose level (mean difference = −0.32, 95% CI, −0.57 to −0.07), reducing fasting insulin level (mean difference = −1.01, 95% CI, −1.63 to −0.39), and decreasing diastolic blood pressure (mean difference = −1.46, 95% CI, −2.10 to −0.82) compared with other ARBs. However, for the decrease in systolic pressure, the difference was not statistically significant (mean difference = −0.73, 95% CI, −1.53 to 0.07). Conclusion:Telmisartan can better improve IR compared with other ARBs.
Can You Catch a Liar? How Negative Emotions Affect Brain Responses when Lying or Telling the Truth

The capacity to deceive others is a complex mental skill that requires the ability to suppress truthful information. The polygraph is widely used in countries such as the USA to detect deception. However, little is known about the effects of emotional processes (such as the fear of being found guilty despite being innocent) on the physiological responses that are used to detect lies. The aim of this study was to investigate the time course and neural correlates of untruthful behavior by analyzing electrocortical indexes in response to visually presented neutral and affective questions. Affective questions included sexual, shameful or disgusting topics. A total of 296 questions that were inherently true or false were presented to 25 subjects while ERPs were recorded from 128 scalp sites. Subjects were asked to lie on half of the questions and to answer truthfully on the remaining half. Behavioral and ERP responses indicated an increased need for executive control functions, namely working memory, inhibition and task switching processes, during deceptive responses. Deceptive responses also elicited a more negative N400 over the prefrontal areas and a smaller late positivity (LP 550–750 ms) over the prefrontal and frontal areas. However, a reduction in LP amplitude was also elicited by truthful affective responses. The failure to observe a difference in LP responses across conditions likely results from emotional interference. A swLORETA inverse solution was computed on the N400 amplitude (300–400 ms) for the dishonest – honest contrast. These results showed the activation of the superior, medial, middle and inferior frontal gyri (BA9, 11, 47) and the anterior cingulate cortex during deceptive responses. Our results conclude that the N400 amplitude is a reliable neural marker of deception.
Dopaminergic Stimulation of Myeloid Antigen-Presenting Cells Attenuates Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3-Activation Favouring the Development of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

The dual potential to promote tolerance or inflammation to self-antigens makes dendritic cells (DCs) fundamental players in autoimmunity. Previous results have shown that stimulation of dopamine receptor D5 (DRD5) in DCs potentiates their inflammatory behaviour, favouring the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Here, we aimed to decipher the underlying mechanism and to test its relevance in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Our data shows that DRD5-deficiency confined to DCs in EAE mice resulted in reduced frequencies of CD4+ T-cell subsets with inflammatory potential in the central nervous system, including not only Th1 and Th17 cells but also granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor producers. Importantly, ex vivo depletion of dopamine from DCs resulted in a dramatic reduction of EAE severity, highlighting the relevance of an autocrine loop promoting inflammation in vivo. Mechanistic analyses indicated that DRD5-signalling in both mouse DCs and human monocytes involves the attenuation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3-activation, a transcription factor that limits the production of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-23. Furthermore, we found an exacerbated expression of all dopamine receptors in peripheral blood pro-inflammatory monocytes obtained from MS patients. These findings illustrate a novel mechanism by which myeloid antigen-presenting cells may trigger the onset of their inflammatory behaviour promoting the development of autoimmunity.
On 'many-black-hole' vacuum spacetimes

We analyse the horizon structure of families of spacetimes obtained by evolving initial data sets containing apparent horizons with several connected components. We show that under certain smallness conditions the outermost apparent horizons will also have several connected components. We further show that, again under a smallness condition, the maximal globally hyperbolic development of the many-black-hole initial data constructed in Chrusciel and Delay (2002 Class. Quantum Grav. 19 L71–9), or of the hyperboloidal data of Isenberg et al (2002 Commun. Math. Phys. 231 529–68), will have an event horizon, the intersection of which with the initial data hypersurface is not connected. This justifies the 'many-black-hole' character of those spacetimes.
Perilipin 5 Deletion Unmasks an Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress–Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Axis in Skeletal Muscle

Lipid droplets (LDs) are critical for the regulation of lipid metabolism, and dysregulated lipid metabolism contributes to the pathogenesis of several diseases, including type 2 diabetes. We generated mice with muscle-specific deletion of the LD-associated protein perilipin 5 (PLIN5, Plin5MKO) and investigated PLIN5’s role in regulating skeletal muscle lipid metabolism, intracellular signaling, and whole-body metabolic homeostasis. High-fat feeding induced changes in muscle lipid metabolism of Plin5MKO mice, which included increased fatty acid oxidation and oxidative stress but, surprisingly, a reduction in inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. These muscle-specific effects were accompanied by whole-body glucose intolerance, adipose tissue insulin resistance, and reduced circulating insulin and C-peptide levels in Plin5MKO mice. This coincided with reduced secretion of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) from skeletal muscle and liver, resulting in reduced circulating FGF21. Intriguingly, muscle-secreted factors from Plin5MKO, but not wild-type mice, reduced hepatocyte FGF21 secretion. Exogenous correction of FGF21 levels restored glycemic control and insulin secretion in Plin5MKO mice. These results show that changes in lipid metabolism resulting from PLIN5 deletion reduce ER stress in muscle, decrease FGF21 production by muscle and liver, and impair glycemic control. Further, these studies highlight the importance for muscle-liver cross talk in metabolic regulation.
Brentuximab vedotin in pretreated Hodgkin lymphoma patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Objectives: This meta-analysis evaluated the effect of single agent brentuximab vedotin (BV) in patients with relapsed/refractory Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Patients and methods: A systematic literature search was performed and included studies published from 1st January 2012 to 1st July 2015 investigating BV in patients with relapsed/refractory HL. Data was extracted and reviewed by two investigators then analyzed using the comprehensive meta-analysis version 3 software. Results: 22 out of 4048 screened records met the eligibility criteria. These records included 903 patients. The median age of the cohort was 31 years (range: 26-45). 86% received ≥ 3 previous lines of systemic therapy. 529 (58.7%) and 232 (25.7%) underwent high dose chemotherapy and autologous and/or allogeneic stem transplantation prior of BV respectively. The overall response rate to BV was 62.7% (range: 30-100%). The complete response, partial response, stable disease and progressive disease rates were 31.8%, 35.1%, 19.5% and 11.7% respectively. The one year progression free survival and estimated one year overall survival were 47.6% and 79.5% respectively. Conclusion: In this largest published pooled cohort, BV produces high responses with encouraging progression free and overall survival in relapsed/refractory HL patients. Our results enhance the role of BV in heavily pretreated HL patients.
Effect of Biofertilizers as a Partial Substitute for Nitrogen on Vegetative Growth, Yield, Fruit Quality and Leaf Mineral Content of Two Seedless Grape Cultivars I: Vegetative Growth and Yield

2 Abstract: Using biofertilizers has been a good method in controlling chemical fertilization, especially N fertilizer for reducing environmental pollution and obtaining safe produce. This study was initiated as an attempt for replacing the excessive application of mineral nitrogen partially with four biofertilizers namely Nitrobeine, Rhizobacterine, Biogen and active dry yeast for achieving an economical yield and improving vegetative growth. Nitrogen was applied at zero % up to 100 % of the recommended nitrogen dose for Thompson seedless and Flame seedless cultivars with or without biofertilizers or biofertilizers alone. Generally, results proved that using nitrogen at 40 units for Thompson seedless and 30 units for Flame seedless plus Biogen have increased yield and improved fruit quality compared with using 80 units for Thompson seedless and 60 units for Flame seedless without biofertilizers. All vegetative growth parameters (trunk diameter, leaf area, leaf fresh and dry weight) were increased with increasing N rate in both seasons of the study in both cultivars. Biofertilizer treatments (Biogen, Rhizobacterine, Nitrobeine and active dry yeast) caused significant changes of the studied estimates in both seasons as compared with the control. Nitrogen doses and biofertilizers caused significant changes on the cane thickness in the second season but in the first one no significant differences between these treatments were observed. The treatment of 100 % nitrogen fertilizer plus 20 gm Biogen gave the highest values regarding vegetative growth parameters. However, the treatment zero % nitrogen fertilizer gave the least values in both cultivars during the two seasons. The yield and its components parameters (cluster weight and total yield) were increased with increasing N rate in both cultivars. Biofertilizer treatment caused significant changes of the studied characteristics as compared with the control in both cultivars. Number of cluster/vine was significantly increased with increasing N rate and biofertilizers treatment n the second season for both cultivars. The treatment of 50 % nitrogen fertilizer in the presence of 20 gm Biogen gave the highest values regarding yield parameters in both cultivars.
The effect of ageing on recollection: the role of the binding updating process

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to highlight the underlying process responsible for the age-related deficit in recollection. Through two experiments using the Remember-Know-Guess procedure (Gardiner, J. M., & Richardson-Klavehn, A. [2000]. Remembering and knowing. In The Oxford handbook of memory (pp. 229–244). New York, NY: Oxford University Press) in recognition, we manipulated the opportunity to update bindings between target items and their encoding context, in young and older adults. In the first experiment we impaired the binding updating process during the encoding of items, while in the second we supported this process. The results indicated that the “Remember” responses in the younger group were specifically reduced by the impairment of the binding updating process (Exp. 1), suggesting that this ability is useful for them to encode a specific episode. Conversely, only the “Remember” responses in the older group were improved in accuracy by supporting the binding updating process (Exp. 2), suggesting that their weakness in this ability is the source of their failure to improve the accuracy of their memories. The overall results support the hypothesis that the age-related decline in episodic memory is partly due to a greater vulnerability to interference on bindings, impairing the ability to update content-context bindings as and when events occur.
KLB is associated with alcohol drinking, and its gene product β-Klotho is necessary for FGF21 regulation of alcohol preference

Significance Alcohol is a widely consumed drug in western societies that can lead to addiction. A small shift in consumption can have dramatic consequences on public health. We performed the largest genome-wide association metaanalysis and replication study to date (>105,000 individuals) and identified a genetic basis for alcohol consumption during nonaddictive drinking. We found that a locus in the gene encoding β-Klotho is associated with alcohol consumption. β-Klotho is an essential receptor component for the endocrine FGFs, FGF19 and FGF21. Using mouse models and pharmacologic administration of FGF21, we show that β-Klotho in the brain controls alcohol drinking. These findings reveal a mechanism regulating alcohol consumption in humans that may be pharmacologically tractable for reducing alcohol intake. Excessive alcohol consumption is a major public health problem worldwide. Although drinking habits are known to be inherited, few genes have been identified that are robustly linked to alcohol drinking. We conducted a genome-wide association metaanalysis and replication study among >105,000 individuals of European ancestry and identified β-Klotho (KLB) as a locus associated with alcohol consumption (rs11940694; P = 9.2 × 10−12). β-Klotho is an obligate coreceptor for the hormone FGF21, which is secreted from the liver and implicated in macronutrient preference in humans. We show that brain-specific β-Klotho KO mice have an increased alcohol preference and that FGF21 inhibits alcohol drinking by acting on the brain. These data suggest that a liver–brain endocrine axis may play an important role in the regulation of alcohol drinking behavior and provide a unique pharmacologic target for reducing alcohol consumption.
Human neutrophil lipocalin (HNL) as a biomarker of acute infections

Abstract The early and accurate discrimination between bacterial and viral causes of acute infections is the key to a better use of antibiotics and will help slow down the fast-growing resistance to commonly used antibiotics. This discrimination is in the vast majority of cases possible to achieve by blood assay of the biomarker human neutrophil lipocalin (HNL), which we showed to be uniquely increased in patients suffering from bacterial infections. In serum, sensitivities and specificities of >90% are achieved in both adults and children. In order to eliminate the need to produce serum, a whole-blood assay with an assay time of <10 min was developed in which blood neutrophils are activated to release HNL. The diagnostic accuracy of this assay also showed sensitivities and specificities of >90% in most infectious diseases and was clearly superior to contemporary assays such as blood neutrophil counts, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and expression of CD64 on blood neutrophils. This format lends itself to the development of a point-of-care HNL assay and will be a major step forward to accomplish the goal of accurately diagnosing patients with symptoms of acute infections within 10 min at the emergency room or at the doctor’s office.