Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Anthropometric and cardiovascular characteristics of young elite male handball players according to playing positions

The purpose of the present study was to examine the anthropometric parameters and cardiopulmonary functions of young handball players in different playing positions. 15 male handball players from first division (mean age: 16.06±0.63 yrs) participated in our research who were divided by their playing positions. First anthropometric parameters, body composition and pulmonary functions in rest were measured. Then physiological changes of the players were tested with Bruce protocol. We found that wings differed the most in morphological characteristics from other players. We did not find significant differences in pulmonary functions among positions. The highest values of Tidal volume in the vita maxima test were found in pivots (2.82±0.15 l) which is significantly higher than Tidal volume of goalkeepers (p=0.006). The highest mean value of maximal oxygen uptake was recorded (73.93±9.41 ml/kg/min) in wings. Altogether in our study important differences were seen in physique and in performance also among young handball players.
An Investigation Into the Attitudes of Nursing Students Toward Technology

Background: Attitudes toward technology may impact the levels of technology acceptance and training willingness among nursing students. Nurse acceptance and effective utilization of technology are critical to improving patient care and safety. Purpose: The aims of this cross-sectional study were to measurethe attitude of nursing students toward technology and to determine if demographic characteristics affect their attitudinal measures. Furthermore, the amount of formal education provided on the use of technology applications is explored. Methods: A convenience sample of nursing students attending a public university in Jordan was recruited, and a technology attitude scale designed to measure the attitude of nursing students toward technology was used. Scales designed to gather data on participant demographics, self-reported technology skills, and level of formal technology education were also used. Results: The results showed that participants held a positive attitude toward technology. Students who reported a high level of technology skill had the most positive attitude toward technology. The impact years of formal education on the use of technology applications were low, whereas academic level had a significant impact on technology attitudes. Senior student participants had the highest level of technology education, likely because of their exposure to relatively more educational opportunities, and the most positive attitude toward technology. Conclusions: Despite the positive attitude of nursing students toward technology, the problem of minimal technology education should be addressed in future nursing programs to further enhance positive attitudes toward technology.
Multiple cellular mechanisms prevent chromosomal rearrangements involving repetitive DNA

Repetitive DNA is present in the eukaryotic genome in the form of segmental duplications, tandem and interspersed repeats, and satellites. Repetitive sequences can be beneficial by serving specific cellular functions (e.g. centromeric and telomeric DNA) and by providing a rapid means for adaptive evolution. However, such elements are also substrates for deleterious chromosomal rearrangements that affect fitness and promote human disease. Recent studies analyzing the role of nuclear organization in DNA repair and factors that suppress non-allelic homologous recombination (NAHR) have provided insights into how genome stability is maintained in eukaryotes. In this review, we outline the types of repetitive sequences seen in eukaryotic genomes and how recombination mechanisms are regulated at the DNA sequence, cell organization, chromatin structure, and cell cycle control levels to prevent chromosomal rearrangements involving these sequences.
Human in Vitro Nasal and Tracheal Ciliary Beat Frequencies: Comparison of Sampling Sites, Combined Effect of Medication, and Demographic Relationships

In vitro nasal and tracheal ciliary beat frequencies (CBFs) were measured photometrically in brush samples of 15 patients undergoing bronchoscopy. Tracheal and nasal CBF values in these patients were found to be significantly correlated (r = .74, p < .01), and the latter did not differ significantly from the nasal CBF of 80 subjects serving as controls. Premedication with morphine and atropine and local anesthesia with lidocaine hydrochloride significantly decreased the CBF. Among the control subjects, a significantly higher CBF (13.6 ± 1.5 Hz) was found in the young age group (10 to 19 years) as compared to other groups (12.2 ± 1.7 Hz). Gender and ethnic origin did not influence CBF in any age group. These data support the possible use of the in vitro study of nasal epithelium to reflect the CBF in the lower respiratory tract.
ASSOCIATED DIARRHOEAL DISEASE IN SOUTH BRAZIL : PREVALENCE , VIRULENCE FACTORS AND ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE

Aeromonas were isolated from 27 (6.6%) of 408 patients admitted with acute gastroenteritis in two hospitals at Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Isolates were classified as A. hydrophila (51.8%), A. caviae (40.8%), and A. veronii biotype sobria (7.4%). The highest prevalence of Aeromonas associated infections occurred in lactants and children. Virulence genes (aerA -aerolysin/hemolysin, ahpA -serine-protease, satA glycerophospholipid-cholesterol acyltransferase, lipA -lipase, and ahyB -elastase) and virulence factors (hemolytic, proteolitic, lipolitic activities, and biofilm formation) were identified in most A. hydrophila and A. veronii biotype sobria isolates, with lower frequencies on A. caviae. All Aeromonas isolates were resistant to ampicillin, ticarcillin/clavulanic acid, cephalotin, and cephazolin, and most of them (>70%) exhibited resistance to imipenem, carbenicillin, amoxillin/sulbactan, and piperacillin. Multiple-resistance, more than four antibiotics, was evidenced in 29.6% of the isolates. The most efficient antibiotics were the quinolones (ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin), and the aminoglycosides (amikacin and netilmicin).
Surface-based morphometry reveals the neuroanatomical basis of the five-factor model of personality

Abstract The five-factor model (FFM) is a widely used taxonomy of human personality; yet its neuro anatomical basis remains unclear. This is partly because past associations between gray-matter volume and FFM were driven by different surface-based morphometry (SBM) indices (i.e. cortical thickness, surface area, cortical folding or any combination of them). To overcome this limitation, we used Free-Surfer to study how variability in SBM measures was related to the FFM in n = 507 participants from the Human Connectome Project. Neuroticism was associated with thicker cortex and smaller area and folding in prefrontal–temporal regions. Extraversion was linked to thicker pre-cuneus and smaller superior temporal cortex area. Openness was linked to thinner cortex and greater area and folding in prefrontal–parietal regions. Agreeableness was correlated to thinner prefrontal cortex and smaller fusiform gyrus area. Conscientiousness was associated with thicker cortex and smaller area and folding in prefrontal regions. These findings demonstrate that anatomical variability in prefrontal cortices is linked to individual differences in the socio-cognitive dispositions described by the FFM. Cortical thickness and surface area/folding were inversely related each others as a function of different FFM traits (neuroticism, extraversion and consciousness vs openness), which may reflect brain maturational effects that predispose or protect against psychiatric disorders.
The Impact of Online Advertising on Generation Y’s Purchase Decision in Malaysia

Advertising is commonly used to foster sales and reputation of an institution. It is at first the growth of print advertising that has increased the population and number of periodicals of newspaper and its circulation. The rise of Internet and online media has somehow blurred the role of media and advertising though the intention is still to reach out to audience and to increase sales. The relationship between advertising and audience on a product purchase through persuasion has been developing from print media to online media. From the changing media environment and audience, it is the concern of this research to study the impact of online advertising to such a relationship cycle. The content of online advertisements is much of text, multimedia, photo, audio and video. The messages of such content format may indeed bring impacts to its audience and its credibility. This study is therefore reflecting the effectiveness of online advertisement and its influences on generation Y in their purchasing behavior. This study uses Media Dependency Theory to analyze the relationship between the impact of online advertisement and media usage pattern of generation Y. Hierarchy of Effectiveness Model is used as a marketing communication model to study the effectiveness of advertising and further to determine the impact of online advertisement on generation Y in their purchasing decision making. This research uses online survey to reach out the sample of generation Y. The results have shown that online advertisements do not affect much on purchase decision making even though generation Y relies much on the media content including online advertisement for its information and believing in its credibility. There are few other external factors that may interrupt the effectiveness of online advertising. The very obvious influence of purchasing behavior is actually derived from the peers. Keywords—Generation Y, online advertising, online media, persuasion, print media, purchase decision.
Modelling the impact of one-dose vs. two-dose vaccination regimens on the epidemiology of varicella zoster virus in Australia

SUMMARY We examined the impact of one-dose vs. two-dose vaccination strategies on the epidemiology of varicella zoster virus (VZV) in Australia, using a mathematical model. Strategies were assessed in terms of varicella (natural and breakthrough) and zoster incidence, morbidity, average age of infection and vaccine effectiveness (VE). Our modelling results suggest that compared to a one-dose vaccination strategy (Australia's current vaccination schedule), a two-dose strategy is expected to not only produce less natural varicella cases (5% vs. 13% of pre-vaccination state, respectively) but also considerably fewer breakthrough varicella cases (only 11·4% of one-dose strategy). Therefore a two-dose infant vaccination programme would be a better long-term strategy for Australia.
Managing senior management team boundaries and school improvement: an investigation of the school leader role

The present study purpose was to investigate the unique role and activities of school principals in managing their senior management team (SMT) boundaries. The study examined how school principals’ internal and external activities mediate the relationship of principals’ personal factors from the Big Five typology, the team and contextual characteristics of functional heterogeneity and goal interdependence to SMT effectiveness and school outcomes of teachers’ absenteeism, school violence and academic emphasis. The results of the structural equation model from a sample of 92 schools indicate that internal activities fully mediate the relationship between principal extraversion and conscientiousness, SMT functional heterogeneity, intra-and inter-team goal interdependence to SMT effectiveness. The external activities were found to fully mediate the relationship between principal extraversion, SMT functional heterogeneity, intra-and inter-team goal interdependence to school outcomes. By concluding that both internal and external activities remain fundamental to overall effectiveness, this study may provide principals with boundary management techniques and practices. The findings may encourage principals to establish priorities and allocate their time, resources and attention effectively both inward and outward the SMT boundary so as to improve SMT and school outcomes.
Comparison of fecal microbiota of three captive carnivore species inhabiting Korea

This study aimed at characterizing fecal microbiota of three captive carnivore species of leopard cats Prionailurus bengalensis, Eurasian otters Lutra lutra and raccoon dogs Nyctereutes procyonoides. We used DNA barcoding sequencing to analyze 16S rRNA genes of uncultured bacteria in the feces collected in the Seoul Zoo. The sequencing analyses revealed that: 1) Firmicutes was the most dominant phylum for all three animals; 2) bacterial genus-rank compositions were distinct across species of the animals; and 3) bacterial community memberships were different across species of the studied animals. We expect such baseline information is useful for better understanding of these endangered species and future management of their health in zoos.
Lyndon's Group is Conjugately Residually Free

Lyndon's group FZ[x] is the free exponential group over the ring of integral polynomials Z[x]. This group, introduced by Lyndon in the 1960s, continues to be of interest to group theorists due to its importance in the study of first-order properties of free groups, in particular, equations over free groups. One of the crucial results of Lyndon's study was that the group FZ[x] is fully residually F; i.e. for any finite collection of nontrivial elements in FZ[x] there exists a homomorphism φ : FZ[x] → F which is the identity on F and maps the given elements of FZ[x] into nontrivial elements of F. The importance of FZ[x] was further emphasized when Kharlampovich and Myasnikov proved in [3] that a finitely generated group is fully residually free if and only if it is embeddable into FZ[x]. Lyndon's group and its subgroups play a vital role in the technique employed by O. Kharlampovich and A. Myasnikov in their solution of the famous Tarski problem on the decidability of the elementary theory of a free group (see [4, 5]). In this paper, we show that Lyndon's group is conjugately residually free, i.e. it is possible to map FZ[x] to the free group F preserving the nonconjugacy of two elements. This result is a further step towards the understanding of the properties of FZ[x]; moreover, it is closely related to the problem of "lifting solutions" of equations from F to FZ[x], since our result implies that the solutions can indeed be "lifted" from F to FZ[x] for equations of the type x-1 c1 x = c2. The structure of Lyndon's group, described by A. Myasnikov and V. Remeslennikov in [8], involves an infinite sequence of free constructions of a specific type, called free extensions of centralizers. For more results on residual properties of certain types of free constructions, see also the works of Ribes, Segal and Zalesskii (for example [9]).
Comparison of a 17 b multiplier in Dual-rail domino and in Dual-rail D/sup 3/L (D/sup 4/L) logic styles

In this paper, a new family of dynamic logic gates called Dual-rail Data-Driven Dynamic Logic (D/sup 4/L) is introduced. In this logic family, the synchronization clock signal has been eliminated and correct precharge and evaluation sequencing is maintained by appropriate use of data instances. The methodology and characteristics of D/sup 4/L are demonstrated in the design of a CLA 32-b adder and a 17-b high-speed multiplier. Based on VHDL simulations, the D/sup 4/L implemented 32-b adder has 23% less switching-activity than a comparable domino adder and for D/sup 4/L multiplier switching-activity is 14.5% less than its domino rival. HSPICE simulation in a 0.6 /spl mu/m CMOS process shows that D/sup 4/L has a 17% power saving over domino in a 32-b CLA adder design and a 10% saving in a 17-b multiplier design while a D/sup 4/L adder has 8% less delay than a domino one.
Early β-blocker use and in-hospital mortality in patients with Takotsubo cardiomyopathy

Objective A catecholamine-mediated mechanism has been implicated in the pathogenesis of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TC). However, the impact of β-blockers in acute-phase management of TC remains uncertain. This study aimed to examine whether early β-blocker use in TC was associated with lower in-hospital mortality. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study using the Diagnosis Procedure Combination nationwide inpatient database in Japan. Patients with TC aged ≥20 years who were admitted to acute-care hospitals between 2010 and 2014 were identified. Thirty-day in-hospital mortality was compared between patients who started β-blocker therapy on hospitalisation day 1 or 2 (early β-blocker group) and those who did not receive a β-blocker during hospitalisation (control group) using propensity score-matching and instrumental variable analyses. Results Of 2672 eligible patients (female, 81.5%; 423 early β-blocker therapy, 2249 controls) from 615 hospitals, 1:4 propensity score-matching created a cohort of 2110 patients (422 early β-blocker therapy, 1688 controls). There was no significant difference in 30-day in-hospital mortality between the early β-blocker group and control group (2.4% vs 2.0%, p=0.703; risk difference, 0.4%; 95% CI, −1.2% to 2.0%). Logistic regression analysis did not show a significant association between early β-blocker use and 30-day in-hospital mortality (OR, 1.17; 95% CI 0.58 to 2.37). Instrumental variable analysis also found that early β-blocker use was not associated with lower 30-day in-hospital mortality (risk difference, 1.2%; 95% CI −3.1% to 5.5%). Conclusions This study found no significant association between early β-blocker use and in-hospital mortality in patients with TC.
The SWISS-PROT protein knowledgebase and its supplement TrEMBL in 2003

The SWISS-PROT protein knowledgebase (http://www.expasy.org/sprot/ and http://www.ebi.ac.uk/swissprot/) connects amino acid sequences with the current knowledge in the Life Sciences. Each protein entry provides an interdisciplinary overview of relevant information by bringing together experimental results, computed features and sometimes even contradictory conclusions. Detailed expertise that goes beyond the scope of SWISS-PROT is made available via direct links to specialised databases. SWISS-PROT provides annotated entries for all species, but concentrates on the annotation of entries from human (the HPI project) and other model organisms to ensure the presence of high quality annotation for representative members of all protein families. Part of the annotation can be transferred to other family members, as is already done for microbes by the High-quality Automated and Manual Annotation of microbial Proteomes (HAMAP) project. Protein families and groups of proteins are regularly reviewed to keep up with current scientific findings. Complementarily, TrEMBL strives to comprise all protein sequences that are not yet represented in SWISS-PROT, by incorporating a perpetually increasing level of mostly automated annotation. Researchers are welcome to contribute their knowledge to the scientific community by submitting relevant findings to SWISS-PROT at swiss-prot@expasy.org.
Cross-Cultural Industrial Organizational Psychology and Organizational Behavior: A Hundred-Year Journey

In celebration of the anniversary of the Journal of Applied Psychology (JAP), we take a hundred-year journey to examine how the science of cross-cultural industrial/organizational psychology and organizational behavior (CCIO/OB) has evolved, both in JAP and in the larger field. We review broad trends and provide illustrative examples in the theoretical, methodological, and analytic advances in CCIO/OB during 4 main periods: the early years (1917–1949), the middle 20th century (1950–1979), the later 20th century (1980–2000), and the 21st century (2000 to the present). Within each period, we discuss key historical and societal events that influenced the development of the science of CCIO/OB, major trends in research on CCIO/OB in the field in general and JAP in particular, and important milestones and breakthroughs achieved. We highlight pitfalls in research on CCIO/OB and opportunities for growth. We conclude with recommendations for the next 100 years of CC IO/OB research in JAP and beyond.
Affective Attachments to Nested Groups: A Choice-Process Theory

This paper offers a theory linking choice processes with the experience of transitory emotion and the development of enduring affective attachments to nested collectivities, i.e., subgroups within a larger group, organization, or society. According to the theory, persons become emotionally attached to groups that strengthen their generalized sense of control. The underlying propositions are that: (1) choice processes that foster a high sense of control produce positive emotion (happiness, pride, gratitude); (2) such positive emotion strengthens affective attachments to groups perceived as most responsible for the choice opportunity; and (3) such positive emotion strengthens attachments to proximal subgroups more than to larger, more encompassing collectivities. Complementary predictions obtainfor lack of choice, negative emotion (sadness, shame, hostility), and the weakening of collective attachments. The theory explicates a subtle social process important to individuallgroup relations, and suggests conditions likely to produce behavior directed at the collective welfare.
Relationship between Growth Rate and ATP Concentration in Escherichia coli

Previous studies showed that adenosine triphosphate (ATP) concentrations in Escherichia coli changed during certain growth transitions and directly controlled the rate of rRNA transcription initiation at those times. The relationship between ATP concentration and rRNA transcription during steady-state growth is less clear, however. This is because two commonly employed methods for measuring ATP concentrations in bacteria, both of which rely on physical extraction followed by chromatographic separation of small molecules, resulted in dramatically different conclusions about whether ATP concentration changed with steady-state growth rate. Extraction with formic acid indicated that ATP concentration did not change with growth rate, whereas formaldehyde treatment followed by extraction with alkali indicated that ATP concentration increased proportionally to the growth rate. To resolve this discrepancy, we developed a bioassay for ATP based on the expression of a variant of the firefly luciferase enzyme in vivo and measurement of luminescence in cells growing in different conditions. We found that the available ATP concentration did not vary with growth rate, either in wild-type cells or in cells lacking guanosine 5′-diphosphate, 3′-diphosphate, providing insight into the regulation of rRNA transcription. More broadly, the luciferase bioassay described here provides a general method for evaluating the ATP concentration available for biochemical processes in E. coli and potentially in other organisms.