Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Notice of RetractionRotation effect on jet impingement heat transfer in a narrow cavity with film extraction flow

An experimental investigation was carried out to examine rotation effect on jet impingement heat transfer in a narrow cavity with film extraction flow. A single confined cavity with a fixed jet-to-wall spacing of H/d=6.0 was studied for the rotational speed of 0 and 800rpm. The Reynolds number based on the inlet velocity of the jet air and the diameter of jet hole was varied from 2000 to 8000. The local and averaged heat transfer coefficients on the target surface were measured by a transient method with thermochromic liquid crystal. Experimental result reveals that the jet flow could be bent over by the Coriolis force and consequently the heat transfer would be weakened by rotation. Compared to the stationary results, the stagnation point has an offset of 1.5d at Re=2000, furthermore, the peak value of local heat transfer coefficient and averaged heat transfer coefficient are reduced 38.3% and 44.5%, respectively. But with the increasing of jet Re number, the rotation effect would be inconspicuous.
Attitudes toward Suicide: Italian and United States Physicians

The Suicide Opinion Questionnaire was administered to 100 Italian and 100 United States physicians, comparable in age, gender, and medical field. Significant differences were obtained on seven of the eight SOQ scales, with Italian physicians showing greater agreement on the mental illness, right to die, religion, impulsivity, normality, aggression, and moral evil scales. Gender differences were obtained in both samples, with males scoring higher. These results are discussed in terms of cultural differences, especially the role of Catholicism.
The Impact of Change Process and Context on Change Reactions and Turnover During a Merger

The authors examined relationships among two measures of the change process adopted by a firm and a measure of the change context and employees’ reactions to a merger. A longitudinal study was conducted. An employee’s perception that he or she had a poor change history was negatively associated with affective commitment to change. As the number of formal change information sessions attended increased, anxiety decreased. High quality change information was negatively associated with anxiety and positively related to affective commitment to change. Affective commitment was positively associated with job satisfaction and negatively associated with turnover intentions, which were positively associated with voluntary turnover.
Flow cytometric enumeration of CD34+ hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. European Working Group on Clinical Cell Analysis.

The need for a rapid and reliable marker for the engraftment potential of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HPC) transplants has led to the development of flow cytometric assays to quantitate such cells on the basis of their expression of CD34. The variability associated with enumeration of low-frequency cells (i.e., as low as 0.1% or 5 cells/microl) is exceedingly large, but recent developments have improved the accuracy and precision of the assay. Here, we review and compare the major techniques. Based on the current state of the art, we recommend 1) bright fluorochrome conjugates of class II or III monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that detect all glycoforms of CD34, 2) use of a vital nucleic acid dye to exclude platelets, unlysed red cells, and debris or use of 7-amino actinomycin D to exclude dead cells during data acquisition, 3) counterstaining with CD45 mAb to be included in the definition of HPC, 4) during list mode data analysis, Boolean gating to resolve the CD34+ HPCs from irrelevant cell populations on the basis of the low levels of CD45 expression and low sideward light-scatter signals of HPCs, 5) inclusion of CD34dim and CD34bright populations in the CD34+ cell count, 6) omission of the negative control staining, and 7) for apheresis products, enumeration of at least 100 CD34+ cells to ensure a 10% precision. Unresolved technical questions are 1) the replacement of conventional dual-platform by single-platform assay formats, i.e., derivation of absolute CD34+ cell counts from a single flow cytometric assessment instead of from combined flow cytometer (percent CD34+) and hematology analyzer (absolute leukocyte count) data, 2) the cross-calibration of the available single-platform assays, and 3) the optimal method for sample preparation. An important clinical question to be addressed is the definition of the precise phenotypes and required numbers of HPCs responsible for short- and long-term recovery to optimize HPC transplant strategies.
Influence of students' background and perceptions on science attitudes and achievement

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of students' background and perceptions on science attitude and achievement. The data analysed came from Booklet 4 given to 17-year-olds during the 1976–1977 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) survey. Causal modeling procedures were used to analyze the data. In particular, the LISREL method which underlies the LISREL IV computer program, (Joreskog and Sorbom, 1978) was employed. The influence of five background variables (sex, race, home environment, amount of homework, and parents' education) on three dependent variables (student perception of science instruction, student attitudes, and student achievement) was examined. Sex, race, and the home environment were shown to have substantial influence on student achievement in science. Further, two different models were tested: a model in which attitudes influence achievement and its converse (achievement influences attitudes). The data supported the first model, that is, attitudes influence achievement.
Effect of quantum-well structures on the thermoelectric figure of merit.

The Si/Si 1- x Ge x quantum well system is attractive for high temperature thermoelectric applications and for demonstration of proof-of-principle for enhanced thermoelectric figure of merit Z, since the interfaces and carrier densities can be well controlled in this system. We report theoretical calculations for Z in this system, based on which Si/Si 1- x Ge x quantum-well structures were grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. Thermoelectric and other transport measurements were made, indicating that an increase in Z over bulk values is possible through quantum confinement effects in the Si/Si 1- x Ge x quantum-well structures.
Factors That Contribute to Stepfamily Success

Abstract There are an increasing number of stepfamilies in America, and these families are at increased risk for various problems, and ultimately divorce. Little is known about stepfamilies that succeed in the blending process to become healthy, happy stepfamilies, however, that information is crucial for mental health professionals who work with this family form. The current study focused on healthy stepfamilies that have been together for more than five years. Interviews revealed that the couple was very proactive in the family formation process, and that there was widespread family acceptance of the new partner and marriage. Clinical implications are discussed.
Knee pain and radiographic osteoarthritis interact in the prediction of levels of self-reported disability.

OBJECTIVE To determine predictors of disability depending on whether joint deformity and pain reporting exist independently or concurrently. METHODS Subjects were 154 volunteers for an osteoarthritis screening examination. Eligible subjects completed questionnaires for physical function, pain, and depressive symptoms; underwent evoked pain testing for tenderness assessment; and had anteroposterior and lateral radiographs taken of both knees. Two blinded rheumatologists scored the images using Kellgren-Lawrence criteria to determine presence of deformity. RESULTS Subjects were divided into 3 subgroups based on radiographic evidence of deformity and self-reported pain. Disability was greatest when pain and deformity occurred together (F[2,151] = 18.8, P < 0.0001). Self-reported disability in the absence of deformity was predicted by body mass index, pain threshold, and anxiety symptoms; disability was predicted by the number of osteophytes and depressive symptoms when pain and deformity occurred together. CONCLUSION Self-reported disability in osteoarthritis of the knee is greatest with concurrent pain and joint deformity. When pain and deformity do not cooccur, disability appears to be related to separate factors, including anxiety and pain threshold (e.g., tenderness).
Temporary Banking of the Nipple-Areola Complex in 97 Skin-Sparing Mastectomies

Background: Despite the improved appearance associated with skin-sparing mastectomy, removal of the nipple-areola complex has a negative impact on the patient. Still, nipple-areola complex-sparing mastectomy results in preservation of a substantial amount of mammary tissue at risk. This may be prevented by preservation of the nipple-areola complex as a graft that is temporarily banked (e.g., in the groin region). Methods: Ninety-seven nipple-areola complexes were banked as part of preventive (n = 62) or therapeutic (n = 35) skin-sparing mastectomies in 61 women with a median age of 41 years (range, 27 to 59 years) and a minimum follow-up of 2 years. The areola was harvested as a full-thickness skin graft with the nipple attached as a composite graft. In oncologic cases, the nipple-areola complexes were banked only after frozen section clearance. Results: Seventy-five nipple-areola complexes were replanted onto the reconstructed mammary mound after 10 months (range, 3 to 26 months). Repeated graft take was moderate to good in 73 of these 75 nipple-areola complexes. The projection of the nipple and pigmentation of the areola were moderate to good in 45 and 74 of the 75 repeatedly transplanted grafts, respectively. Conclusions: In skin-sparing mastectomy, maximum oncologically safe conservation of autologous mammary structures can be realized by means of temporary banking of the nipple-areola complex. Even though such banking may not be successful in all women, it proved to be satisfactory in most.
Developing an Ethics Education Framework for Accounting

The purpose of this paper is to propose a framework of ethics education that promotes the structured learning of ethics in the accounting discipline. The Ethics Education Framework (EEF) is based on three key inter-related components that includes: Rest's (1986) Four-Component Model of ethical decision-making and behaviour; the key cognitive and behavioural objectives of ethics education; and the discrete and pervasive approaches to delivering content. The EEF provides university students and professional accountants a structure to learn to identify, analyse, and resolve ethical issues to the point of action. The EEF is a four-stage learning continuum represented as a set of building blocks which introduces ethical concepts and then reinforces and develops new levels of understanding with progressive stages. This paper describes the EEF, and includes a discussion of how it compares with other ethics education models, and an analysis of the support through responses by professional organisations (based on an Exposure Draft issued by the International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), as the initial International Education Practice Statement). The IFAC has now revised its International Education Standard (IES 4) in relation to ethics, with a commentary period till July 2011.
Personality Disorders and the Five-Factor Model of Personality

Data from three normal samples were used to examine links between personality disorder scales and measures of the five-factor model of personality. In the first study, self-reports, spouse ratings, and peer ratings on the NEO Personality Inventory (NEO-PI), a measure of the five basic factors of personality, were correlated with MMPI personality disorder scales in a sample of 297 adult volunteers. In the second study, self-reports on the NEO-PI were correlated with Millon Clinical Multiaxial Inventory (MCMI-I) scales in a sample of 207 adults; self-reports on the MCMI-II were examined in a sample of 62 students. Results generally replicated the findings of Wiggins and Pincus (1990), suggesting that the five-factor model encompasses dimensions of both normal and abnormal personality. Distinctions between the MMPI, MCMI-I, and MCMI-II scales are examined in light of the model, and suggestions are made for integrating traditional personality trait models with psychiatric conceptions of disorder.
The Role of Response Efficiency in the Reduction of Problem Behaviors through Functional Equivalence Training: A Case Study

This study describes the results of a functional analysis of aggressive behaviors with a 14-year-old boy with moderate mental retardation. An initial analysis showed that aggression occurred during instruction on difficult tasks, but was less likely to occur when extra teacher assistance was provided. We interpreted the initial analysis as indicating that aggression and teacher assistance both served the function of escaping from difficult tasks (either by avoiding the task altogether, or by making it easier to perform). We subsequently taught the student and compared the effects of two response alternatives for requesting assistance: a high effort/low efficiency response of typing “help please” on an electronic communication device, and a low effort/high efficiency response of pressing a single key that produced the same message. Use of the low efficiency response did not result in a durable reduction of aggression. The high efficiency response, once trained, occurred frequently, and was associated with substantial decreases in aggression. A collateral increase in the use of a pointing response suggests that the effects of the intervention were generalized to a second communication response. The study supports existing recommendations for conducting systematic functional analyses to define the variables maintaining undesirable behavior, and to teach functionally equivalent alternative responses as a strategy for decreasing undesirable behaviors. The results also indicate the need to assess the relative efficiency of appropriate and problem behaviors when designing functional equivalence programs.
Arithmetic Circuits Verification without Looking for Internal Equivalences

In this paper, we propose a novel approach to extract a network of half adders from the gate-level net-list of an addition circuit while no internal equivalences exist. The technique begins with a gate-level net-list and tries to map it into word-level adders based on an efficient bit-level adder representation. It will be shown that the proposed technique is suitable for several gate-level architectures of multipliers, as it extracts adder components in a step-wise method. This approach can also be generalized to other arithmetic circuits. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of our approach, we run it on several arithmetic circuits and compare experimental results with those of contemporary techniques.
Atorvastatin inhibits calcification and enhances nitric oxide synthase production in the hypercholesterolaemic aortic valve

Objective: To study in a rabbit model the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in association with the development of calcification of the aortic valve, and to assess the effects of atorvastatin on eNOS expression, nitrite concentration, and aortic valve calcification. Methods: Rabbits (n = 48) were treated for three months: 16, forming a control group, were fed a normal diet; 16 were fed a 0.5% (wt/wt) high cholesterol diet; and 16 were fed a 0.5% (wt/wt) cholesterol diet plus atorvastatin (2.5 mg/kg/day). The aortic valves were examined with eNOS immunostains and western blotting. Cholesterol and high sensitivity C reactive protein (hsCRP) concentrations were determined by standard assays. Serum nitrite concentrations were measured with a nitric oxide analyser. eNOS was localised by electron microscopy and immunogold labelling. Calcification in the aortic valve was evaluated by micro-computed tomography (CT). Results: Cholesterol, hsCRP, and aortic valve calcification were increased in the cholesterol fed compared with control animals. Atorvastatin inhibited calcification in the aortic valve as assessed by micro-CT. eNOS protein concentrations were unchanged in the control and cholesterol groups but increased in the atorvastatin treated group. Serum nitrite concentrations were decreased in the hypercholesterolaemic animals and increased in the group treated with atorvastatin. Conclusion: These data provide evidence that chronic experimental hypercholesterolaemia produces bone mineralisation in the aortic valve, which is inhibited by atorvastatin.
Biochemical and Genetic Analyses of Murine Hepatitis Virus Nsp 15 Endoribonuclease

Biochemical and Genetic Analyses of Murine Hepatitis Virus Nsp15 Endoribonuclease Hyojeung Kang,† Kanchan Bhardwaj,† Yi Li, Satheesh Palaninathan, James Sacchettini, Linda Guarino, Julian L. Leibowitz,* and C. Cheng Kao* Department of Microbial and Molecular Pathogenesis, Texas A&M University System—HSC, and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, and Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2128
Psychological intervention in young brain tumor survivors: The efficacy of the cognitive behavioural approach

Purpose. Cognitive and behavioural therapy (CBT) is often used to treat behavioural and emotional disorders in children, and its efficacy has been described in several studies. As behavioural and emotional disorders are frequent sequelae in brain tumor survivors, the goal of this work is to describe the efficacy of a CBT intervention in the treatment of young brain tumor survivors. Methods. Forty young patients, aged 4–18 years, were included in the study. The treatment group, composed of 17 patients, received sessions of CBT. The Child Behaviour Checklist 4–18 (CBCL/4–18) and the Vineland Adaptive Behavioural Scales (VABS) were administered to parents at the beginning and at the end of the hospitalisation. The statistical significance of changes for clinical subjects during the CBT administration was estimated. Results. With regard to the CBCL/4–18, the clinical group showed a significant advantage on the withdrawn, somatic complaints, social problems, attention problems, internalising and total problem scales. On the VABS, the treatment group improved to a significantly greater extent in the social skills domain. Conclusions. These results substantiate our assumption that CBT is an effective intervention for young patients surviving brain tumors and may be particularly helpful to younger individuals in managing cancer-related limitations.
Design of the Brushless Doubly-Fed (Induction) Machine

This paper discusses the design of the brushless doubly-fed (induction) machine (BDFM). It is focused on the evaluation of the electric and magnetic loadings of the machine and their allocation to two stator windings. A method of estimating the back iron flux density is presented. The electric and magnetic loadings are assessed for a prototype BDFM. The limits of back iron flux and the electric & magnetic loadings are treated as constraints in an iterative method of machine design which optimizes the division of electric and magnetic loadings between two stators windings of the BDFM. This method was applied to optimize stator windings of the prototype BDFM for maximum motoring output with constraint on power factor of the power winding. A comparison between the original and redesigned BDFMs is presented with experimental verification.
DCM Bandits: Learning to Rank with Multiple Clicks

A search engine recommends to the user a list of web pages. The user examines this list, from the first page to the last, and clicks on all attractive pages until the user is satisfied. This behavior of the user can be described by the dependent click model (DCM). We propose DCM bandits, an online learning variant of the DCM where the goal is to maximize the probability of recommending satisfactory items, such as web pages. The main challenge of our learning problem is that we do not observe which attractive item is satisfactory. We propose a computationally-efficient learning algorithm for solving our problem, dcmKL-UCB; derive gap-dependent upper bounds on its regret under reasonable assumptions; and also prove a matching lower bound up to logarithmic factors. We evaluate our algorithm on synthetic and real-world problems, and show that it performs well even when our model is misspecified. This work presents the first practical and regret-optimal online algorithm for learning to rank with multiple clicks in a cascade-like click model.
Thermal Stability of P-Type BiSbTe Alloys Prepared by Melt Spinning and Rapid Sintering

P-type BiSbTe alloys have been widely implemented in waste heat recovery from low-grade heat sources below 600 K, which may involve assorted environments and conditions, such as long-term service, high-temperature exposure (generally 473–573 K) and mechanical forces. It is important to evaluate the service performance of these materials in order to prevent possible failures in advance and extend the life cycle. In this study, p-type Bi0.5Sb1. 5Te3 commercial zone-melting (ZM) ingots were processed by melt spinning and subsequent plasma-activated sintering (MS-PAS), and were then subjected to vacuum-annealing at 473 and 573 K, respectively, for one week. The results show that MS-PAS samples exhibit excellent thermal stability when annealed at 473 K. However, thermal annealing at 573 K for MS-PAS specimens leads to the distinct sublimation of the element Te, which degrades the hole concentration remarkably and results in inferior thermoelectric performance. Furthermore, MS-PAS samples annealed at 473 K demonstrate a slight enhancement in flexural and compressive strengths, probably due to the reduction of residual stress induced during the sintering process. The current work guides the reliable application of p-type Bi0.5Sb1. 5Te3 compounds prepared by the MS-PAS technique.
Caveat Emptor: The Construction of Nonprofit Consumer Watchdog Organizations1

This article investigates how new organizational forms are constituted as cultural objects. Since new organizational forms jeopardize existing interests, institutional entrepreneurs recombine prevalent cultural materials to frame the form as necessary, valid, and appropriate. When rival entrepreneurs promote incompatible frames, the frame that enjoys greater political support from the state, professions, and other organizations becomes ascendant. Proponents of losing frames can exit, migrate, or convert to the ascendant frame. A case study of the creation of nonprofit consumer watchdog organizations demonstrates how the boundaries of an organizational form and its cultural contents are shaped by politics.
Intergenerational Exercise Addresses the Public Health Issue of Obesity

Abstract Health practitioners are increasingly concerned about the rise in obesity and decrease in physical activity in society. This article reports on an intergenerational exercise program involving participants from Jewish Community Housing for the Elderly and four preschool classes in Newton, Massachusetts. The program attempts to address those health issues using an intergenerational approach. Children between ages 3 and 5, and older adults come together weekly during the course of a school year for preliteracy play, intergenerational stories that raise awareness of aging issues and nutritional snacks. An exercise class is added to this program monthly. The exercise component reflects the physical needs of both groups. The classes enable older adults to recognize their important role as models for lifelong exercise, while simultaneously addressing their own health habits. Children see older adults in non-stereotypic activity and begin to understand that exercise is a lifelong pursuit. Significant cha.