Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MiR-RACE, a New Efficient Approach to Determine the Precise Sequences of Computationally Identified Trifoliate Orange (Poncirus trifoliata) MicroRNAs

Background Among the hundreds of genes encoding miRNAs in plants reported, much more were predicted by numerous computational methods. However, unlike protein-coding genes defined by start and stop codons, the ends of miRNA molecules do not have characteristics that can be used to define the mature miRNAs exactly, which made computational miRNA prediction methods often cannot predict the accurate location of the mature miRNA in a precursor with nucleotide-level precision. To our knowledge, there haven't been reports about comprehensive strategies determining the precise sequences, especially two termini, of these miRNAs. Methods In this study, we report an efficient method to determine the precise sequences of computationally predicted microRNAs (miRNAs) that combines miRNA-enriched library preparation, two specific 5′ and 3′ miRNA RACE (miR-RACE) PCR reactions, and sequence-directed cloning, in which the most challenging step is the two specific gene specific primers designed for the two RACE reactions. miRNA-mediated mRNA cleavage by RLM-5′ RACE and sequencing were carried out to validate the miRNAs detected. Real-time PCR was used to analyze the expression of each miRNA. Results The efficiency of this newly developed method was validated using nine trifoliate orange (Poncirus trifoliata) miRNAs predicted computationally. The miRNAs computationally identified were validated by miR-RACE and sequencing. Quantitative analysis showed that they have variable expression. Eight target genes have been experimentally verified by detection of the miRNA-mediated mRNA cleavage in Poncirus trifoliate. Conclusion The efficient and powerful approach developed herein can be successfully used to validate the sequences of miRNAs, especially the termini, which depict the complete miRNA sequence in the computationally predicted precursor.
Designing an Appropriate Manufacturing Architecture 1 Designing an Appropriate Manufacturing Architecture

Organising efficiently all the resources required for manufacturing has derived considerable attention of both researchers and practitioners over the last several decades. Beginning from a functionally focused approach several alternatives have been suggested using principles of Group Technology and Cellular Manufacturing. This paper seeks to address the problems that are yet to be addressed and provides a framework for addressing these problems as organisations march into the next millennium. Based on several real life cases, three generic designs have been proposed for efficiently organising the manufacturing resources. The paper ends with a few areas that need attention from both the researchers and practitioners in the area. Second National Conference of The Operations Management Group December 1998 Bangalore, INDIA. 1 Associate Professor, Production & Operations Management Area, Indian Institute of Management Bangalore 560 076, INDIA. E-mail: mahadev@iimb.ernet. in. Some portions of this paper are drawn from the forthcoming Tata McGraw Hill “The New Manufacturing Architecture” by B Mahadevan. Designing an Appropriate Manufacturing Architecture 1 Designing an Appropriate Manufacturing Architecture
Resting State Networks and Consciousness

In order to better understand the functional contribution of resting state activity to conscious cognition, we aimed to review increases and decreases in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) functional connectivity under physiological (sleep), pharmacological (anesthesia), and pathological altered states of consciousness, such as brain death, coma, vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome, and minimally conscious state. The reviewed resting state networks were the DMN, left and right executive control, salience, sensorimotor, auditory, and visual networks. We highlight some methodological issues concerning resting state analyses in severely injured brains mainly in terms of hypothesis-driven seed-based correlation analysis and data-driven independent components analysis approaches. Finally, we attempt to contextualize our discussion within theoretical frameworks of conscious processes. We think that this “lesion” approach allows us to better determine the necessary conditions under which normal conscious cognition takes place. At the clinical level, we acknowledge the technical merits of the resting state paradigm. Indeed, fast and easy acquisitions are preferable to activation paradigms in clinical populations. Finally, we emphasize the need to validate the diagnostic and prognostic value of fMRI resting state measurements in non-communicating brain damaged patients.
Complete Mitochondrial Genome of Three Bactrocera Fruit Flies of Subgenus Bactrocera (Diptera: Tephritidae) and Their Phylogenetic Implications

Bactrocera latifrons is a serious pest of solanaceous fruits and Bactrocera umbrosa is a pest of Artocarpus fruits, while Bactrocera melastomatos infests the fruit of Melastomataceae. They are members of the subgenus Bactrocera. We report here the complete mitochondrial genome of these fruit flies determined by next-generation sequencing and their phylogeny with other taxa of the subgenus Bactrocera. The whole mitogenomes of these three species possessed 37 genes namely, 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 2 rRNA and 22 tRNA genes. The mitogenome of B. latifrons (15,977 bp) was longer than those of B. melastomatos (15,954 bp) and B. umbrosa (15,898 bp). This difference can be attributed to the size of the intergenic spacers (283 bp in B. latifrons, 261 bp in B. melastomatos, and 211 bp in B. umbrosa). Most of the PCGs in the three species have an identical start codon, except for atp8 (adenosine triphosphate synthase protein 8), which had an ATG instead of GTG in B. umbrosa, whilst the nad3 (NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3) and nad6 (NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6) genes were characterized by an ATC instead of ATT in B. melastomatos. The three species had identical stop codon for the respective PCGs. In B. latifrons and B. melastomatos, the TΨC (thymidine-pseudouridine-cytidine)-loop was absent in trnF (phenylalanine) and DHU (dihydrouracil)-loop was absent in trnS1 (serine S1). In B. umbrosa, trnN (asparagine), trnC (cysteine) and trnF lacked the TψC-loop, while trnS1 lacked the DHU-stem. Molecular phylogeny based on 13 PCGs was in general concordant with 15 mitochondrial genes (13 PCGs and 2 rRNA genes), with B. latifrons and B. umbrosa forming a sister group basal to the other species of the subgenus Bactrocera which was monophyletic. The whole mitogenomes will serve as a useful dataset for studying the genetics, systematics and phylogenetic relationships of the many species of Bactrocera genus in particular, and tephritid fruit flies in general.
Multi-Stage Non-Negative Matrix Factorization for Monaural Singing Voice Separation

Separating singing voice from music accompaniment can be of interest for many applications such as melody extraction, singer identification, lyrics alignment and recognition, and content-based music retrieval. In this paper, a novel algorithm for singing voice separation in monaural mixtures is proposed. The algorithm consists of two stages, where non-negative matrix factorization (NMF) is applied to decompose the mixture spectrograms with long and short windows respectively. A spectral discontinuity thresholding method is devised for the long-window NMF to select out NMF components originating from pitched instrumental sounds, and a temporal discontinuity thresholding method is designed for the short-window NMF to pick out NMF components that are from percussive sounds. By eliminating the selected components, most pitched and percussive elements of the music accompaniment are filtered out from the input sound mixture, with little effect on the singing voice. Extensive testing on the MIR-1K public dataset of 1000 short audio clips and the Beach-Boys dataset of 14 full-track real-world songs showed that the proposed algorithm is both effective and efficient.
Textual roles of two forms of rhematic subjects: initial rhematic subjects vs. subjects rhematized by it-clefts

The paper discusses two realization forms of rhematic subjects, initial rhematic subjects construed with a presentation verb and an optional scene-setting adverbial, and rhematic subjects in the underlying form of cleft-constructions. The two forms are examined from the viewpoint of their potential synonymy, the points in focus being their FSP features with respect to their assignment to the dynamic semantic scale and their textual roles. The aim of the paper is to find out to what extent the two constructions of rhematic subjects are differentiated or exchangeable.
Proapoptotic effect of endocannabinoids in prostate cancer cells

In the early stages, prostate cancer is androgen- dependent; therefore, medical castration has shown significant results during the initial stages of this pathology. Despite this early effect, advanced prostate cancer is resilient to such treatment. Recent evidence shows that derivatives of Cannabis sativa and its analogs may exert a protective effect against different types of oncologic pathologies. The purpose of the present study was to detect the presence of cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) on cancer cells with a prostatic origin and to evaluate the effect of the in vitro use of synthetic analogs. In order to do this, we used a commercial cell line and primary cultures derived from prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. The presence of the CB1 and CB2 receptors was determined by immunohistochemistry where we showed a higher expression of these receptors in later stages of the disease (samples with a high Gleason score). Later, treatments were conducted using anandamide, 2-arachidonoyl glycerol and a synthetic analog of anandamide, methanandamide. Using the MTT assay, we proved that the treatments produced a cell growth inhibitory effect on all the different prostate cancer cultures. This effect was demonstrated to be dose-dependent. The use of a specific CB1 receptor blocker (SR141716) confirmed that this effect was produced primarily from the activation of the CB1 receptor. In order to understand the MTT assay results, we determined cell cycle distribution by flow cytometry, which showed no variation at the different cell cycle stages in all the cultures after treatment. Treatment with endocannabinoids resulted in an increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells as determined by Annexin V assays and caused an increase in the levels of activated caspase-3 and a reduction in the levels of Bcl-2 confirming that the reduction in cell viability noted in the MTT assay was caused by the activation of the apoptotic pathway. Finally, we observed that endocannabinoid treatment activated the Erk pathway and at the same time, produced a decrease in the activation levels of the Akt pathway. Based on these results, we suggest that endocannabinoids may be a beneficial option for the treatment of prostate cancer that has become nonresponsive to common therapies.
Research on Scientific Constructions of CAI English Teaching System

With the development of Computer Technology, it has been used in so many fields. And the application of computer technology in education is becoming a key sign of education modernization. Computer Aided Instruction as an important application of computer technology in education is forming a new subject of modern education technology. So many kinds of English teaching systems appear in our teaching nowadays, but effective one is to be needed urgently. Therefore, How to find an effective English teaching system is a hot topic for all teachers, especially for ones in the independent college. CAI system is the main one in Web-based English teaching system. We can find the traditional deficiency of using and constructing of CAI system, so it is necessary for us to design an ideal one for our teaching that is the full- scale CAI English teaching system. We can see the scientific constructions and design of it, and it will be useful for our English learning.
Validation of a Pseudo-Sound Theory for the Pressure-Dilatation in DNS of Compressible Turbulence

The results of an asymptotic theory for statistical closures for compressible turbulence are explored and validated with the direct numerical simulation of the isotropic decay and the homogeneous shear. An excellent collapse of the data is seen. The slow portion is found to scale, as predicted by the theory, with the quantity $M^2_tand. The rapid portion has an unambiguous scaling with ^2 M^2_[P_k - 1](Sk)^2$. Implicit in the scaling is a dependence, as has been noted by others, on the gradient Mach number. A new feature of the effects of compressibility, that of the Kolmogorov scaling coefficient, $, is discussed. It is suggested that $ may contain flow specific physics associated with large scales that might provide further insight into the structural effects of compressibility.
Infrastructure PPP investments in Emerging Markets

Infrastructure investments are essential to achieve economic prosperity, promoting growth and enhancing well-being. Recently, public entities started to link project finance with private sector involvement, what was made mainly through Public Private Partnerships (PPPs). The private sector participation is critical, bringing more funds, expertise and eciency to the development of projects in several essential areas (energy, transport, water and telecommunications), particularly to emerging countries. Nevertheless, dierent country risk factors aect PPPs arrangements and the private investment intensity. The empirical analysis performed show that the market size and purchasing power are critical determinants of infrastructure flows. The institutional quality matters mostly for the decision to invest in emerging countries.
Mobile core network virtualization: A model for combined virtual core network function placement and topology optimization

This paper addresses an important aspect of mobile core network virtualization: The combined optimization of the virtual mobile core network topology (graph) and its embedding onto a physical substrate network. Basically this comprises the placement of mobile core virtual network functions (VNFs) onto the nodes of the physical substrate network, the determination of the interconnections towards the radio access network (RAN) and the Internet as well as the traffic routing between the VNFs. This problem differs from the traditional virtual network embedding (VNE) problem as the virtual network topology is not known in advance and several additional constraints apply, e.g. not every node of the physical substrate network might be able to host every VNF. We assume that the topology, link capacities and node resources of the physical substrate network are predefined and that a node comprises both packet forwarding and datacenter/server functionality. The node capabilities are defined by the processing, storage and switching (throughput) resources as well as the ability to host specific mobile core VNFs, i.e. the SGW, PGW, MME and HSS virtual functions. For the traffic routing, explicit single path routing is assumed. We propose a novel integer linear programming formulation which combines the optimization of the virtual network topology with VNE optimization. Optimization target is to minimize the cost of occupied link and node resources. Our formulation relies on the joint embedding of individual core network service chains where a core network service chain denotes the sequence of mobile core VNFs a user or control plane traffic flow traverses. We evaluate our model by means of two physical network topology examples taken from SNDlib [1]. It is shown that our approach outperforms traditional VNE optimization approaches in terms of optimality and computation time.
FVCF-NIP method for multi-material compressible fluid flows: some improvements in the computation of condensates evolution.

The purpose of this paper is to describe some improvements in the pure eulerian interface capturing method FVCF-NIP by J.-P. Braeunig, B. Desjardins & J.-M. Ghidaglia. In this method, the interface is sharp and piecewise linear. In a cell containing two materials, termed as mixed cell, each one is pure at both sides of the interface and no diffusion is allowed through it. A conservative scheme is written on each material volume using the condensate formalism which allows in particular sliding of materials on each others. However, material volumes in mixed cells can be tiny and therefore the condition on the time step can be too much restrictive. The conservative scheme is then written with a time step only calculated considering pure cells. In mixed cells, a control procedure is built to ensure a stable evolution in small materials volumes without taking into account the time step constraint.
Problem Posing of High School Mathematics Student’s Based on Their Cognitive Style

Mathematical problem posing plays an important role in mathematics curriculum, since it encompasses the core of mathematics activities, among other things, with students’ activities to construct their own problems as the preliminary step to actual problem solving steps. This study aims at revealing the profile of students’ mathematical problem posing based on their cognitive styles in order to know and understand the learning of mathematics students. As a result of this study, students who have the cognitive style ‘field independent’ (FI) are able to propose a solvable mathematical problem and load new data, and also pose problems categorized as high-quality mathematical problems. Students who have the cognitive style of ‘field dependent’ (FD) are generally limited to solvable mathematical problems that do not contain new data, and mathematical problems of a moderate level. In this study, it is seen how student’s work mathematical problem posing using their cognitive style, resulting in a breakthrough in the process of learning to use students’ cognitive styles so as to increase the quality of learning outcomes.
The Status of Fusarium Mycotoxins in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Review of Emerging Trends and Post-Harvest Mitigation Strategies towards Food Control

Fusarium fungi are common plant pathogens causing several plant diseases. The presence of these molds in plants exposes crops to toxic secondary metabolites called Fusarium mycotoxins. The most studied Fusarium mycotoxins include fumonisins, zearalenone, and trichothecenes. Studies have highlighted the economic impact of mycotoxins produced by Fusarium. These arrays of toxins have been implicated as the causal agents of wide varieties of toxic health effects in humans and animals ranging from acute to chronic. Global surveillance of Fusarium mycotoxins has recorded significant progress in its control; however, little attention has been paid to Fusarium mycotoxins in sub-Saharan Africa, thus translating to limited occurrence data. In addition, legislative regulation is virtually non-existent. The emergence of modified Fusarium mycotoxins, which may contribute to additional toxic effects, worsens an already precarious situation. This review highlights the status of Fusarium mycotoxins in sub-Saharan Africa, the possible food processing mitigation strategies, as well as future perspectives.
ISWC 2005 could not take place without the generous support of the following sponsors Super Emerald Sponsors

This paper delivers a case study on the properties of metadata provided by a folksonomy. We provide the background about folksonomies and discuss to which extend the process of creating meta-data in a folksonomy is related to the idea of emergent semantics as defined by the IFIP 2.6 Working Group on Data Semantics. We conduct experiments to analyse the meta-data provided by the del.icio. us folksonomy and to develop a method for selecting subsets of meta-data that adhere to the principle of interest-based locality, which was originally observed in peer-to-peer environments. In addition, we compare data provided by del.icio. us to data provided by the DMOZ taxonomy.
Vitamin D and its effects on cardiovascular diseases: a comprehensive review

Vitamin D is a molecule that is actively involved in multiple metabolic pathways. It is mostly known for its implications related to calcium metabolism. It has also been determined that it actively participates in the cardiovascular system, influencing blood pressure, coronary artery disease and other vascular diseases, such as heart failure and atrial fibrillation. Furthermore, it has been established that this vitamin is extensively involved in the regulation of both the renin angiotensin aldosterone system and the immune system. In this review, we present the different vitamin D metabolic pathways associated with the cardiovascular pathophysiology, and we include studies in animal and human models, as well as some of the controversies found in the literature. This review also incorporates an overview of the implications in the molecular biology and public health fields.
An analysis of Internet Banking in Portugal: the antecedents of mobile banking adoption

In recent years, mobile operations have gained wide popularity among mainstream users, and banks tend to follow this trend. But are bank customers ready to move forward? Mobile banking appears to be a natural extension of Internet banking, . Thus, to predict consumer decisions to adopt mobile banking, it’s useful to understand the pattern of adoption of Internet banking (IB). This investigation seeks contribute to an expansion of the knowledge regarding this matter by researching Portuguese consumers’ patterns and behaviors concerning the acceptance and use intention of IB as a foundation for establishing growth strategies of mobile banking. For data collection, we used an online “snowball” process. The statistical treatment used included a factor analysis in order to allow examination of the interrelationships between the original variables. The analysis was made possible by developing a set of factors that expresses the common traits between them. The results revealed that the majority of respondents did not identify problems with the use of and interaction with the IB service. The study generated some interesting findings. First, the data generally supports the conceptual framework presented. However, some points need to be made: (i) trust and convenience, from all the elements referenced in the literature as relevant from the client’ perspective, continue to be a very important elements; (ii) the results did not support the paradigm that the characteristics of individuals affect their behavior as consumers, (iii) individual technological characteristics affect consumer adoption of IB service; (iv) consumer perceptions about the IB service affect their use, as reveal by the existence of three types of customers that show different practices and perceptions of IB; and (v) intention to use IB is dependent upon attitudes and subjective norms regarding the use of IB.