Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Analytical Network Process

This research seeks to determine the halal tourism development strategy in Banjarmasin City, prioritizing halal tourism development aspects, including tourist attraction, human resources, accessibility, regulations, marketing, and the environment. This research makes use of the Analytic Network Process approach. In-depth interviews and questionnaires were conducted with 12 expert informants consisting of academics, regulators, and practitioners. The results show that the priority issues are human resources, tourism services, regulations, and socialization. The priority solution to the four problems of developing halal tourism in Banjarmasin City is a regulatory solution. The strategies include 1) Improving the high-quality of human sources in halal tourism control; 2) Developing tourist services that are more Muslim-friendly; 3) Providing complete commitment and help from both the authorities and private zones in growing halal tourism; and 4) Accentuating the socialization and schooling concerning halal tourism to the network and tourism enterprise actors.
QA Extension for Xtrieval: Contribution to the QAst track

This article describes our rst participation at the QAst task of the CLEF campaign 2008. We submitted 4 experiments in total, two for each subtask t1 and t4. These subtasks employed manual speech transcription collections. We used the Stanford Named Entity Recognizer for tagging named entities and the CRFTagger - Conditional Random Fields Part-of-Speech (POS) Tagger for English. The passage retrieval was done with the Xtrieval framework and its Apache Lucene implementation. For the classication of the question hand-crafted patterns were implemented. Our experiments achieved an accuracy of about 20%. The rate of returned NIL answers was too high for all of our experiments.
A Divide-and-Conquer Approach for Language Identification Based on Recurrent Neural Networks

This paper describes the design of an acoustic language recognition system based on BLSTM that can discriminate closely related languages and dialects of the same language. We introduce a Divide-and-Conquer (D&C) method to quickly and successfully train an RNN-based multi-language classifier. Experiments compare this approach to the straightforward training of the same RNN, as well as to two widely used LID techniques: a phonotactic system using DNN acoustic models and an i-vector system. Results are reported on two different data sets: the 14 languages of NIST LRE07 and the 20 closely related languages and dialects of NIST OpenLRE15. In addition to reporting the NIST Cavg metric which served as the primary metric for the LRE07 and OpenLRE15 evaluations, the EER and LER are provided. When used with BLSTM, the D&C training scheme significantly outperformed the classical training method for multi-class RNNs. On the OpenLRE15 data set, this method also outperforms classical LID techniques and combines very well with a phonotactic system.
Distribution and Antioxidant Efficiency of Resveratrol in Stripped Corn Oil Emulsions

We investigated the effects of resveratrol (RES) on the oxidative stability of emulsions composed of stripped corn oil, acidic water and Tween 20 and determined its distribution in the intact emulsions by employing a well-established kinetic method. The distribution of RES is described by two partition constants, that between the oil-interfacial region, POI, and that between the aqueous and interfacial region, PWI. The partition constants, POI and PWI, are obtained in the intact emulsions from the variations of the observed rate constant, kobs, for the reaction between the hydrophobic 4-hexadecylbenzenediazonium ion and RES with the emulsifier volume fraction, ФI. The obtained POI and PWI values are quite high, PWI = 4374 and POI = 930, indicating that RES is primarily located in the interfacial region of the emulsions, %RESI > 90% at ФI = 0.005, increasing up to 99% at ФI = 0.04. The oxidative stability of the corn oil emulsions was determined by measuring the formation of conjugated dienes at a given time in the absence and in the presence of RES. The addition of RES did not improve their oxidative stability in spite that more than 90% of RES is located in the interfacial region of the emulsion, because of the very low radical scavenging activity of RES.
Making sense of being at ‘high risk’ of coronary heart disease within primary prevention

Current National Health Service policy advocates screening to identify individuals at ‘high risk’ of cardio-vascular disease (CHD) in primary care. This article utilizes the work of Radley to explore how ‘high risk’ of CHD patients make sense of their new risk status. Results are presented here from a nested qualitative study within a quantitative randomized trial of a CHD risk intervention in primary care. ‘Discovery’ interviews were conducted with ‘high risk’ participants (n = 38, mean age = 55) two weeks after intervention and thematically analysed. In response to perceived threat, many participants sought to both ‘minimize’ and ‘normalize’ their risk status. They also reported intentions to act, particularly concerning dietary change and exercise, although less so for smoking amongst the lower socio-economic status participants. Such perceptions and intentions were contextualized within the life-course of later middle-age, so that both being at risk, and being treated for risk, were normalized as part of growing older. Social position, such as gender and SES, was also implicated. CHD risk interventions should be context-sensitive to the life-course and social position of those who find themselves at ‘high risk’ of CHD in later middle-age.
KNOMA: A New Approach for Knowledge Integration

In this paper we present a new meta-learning approach for Knowledge Integration. To generate accurate classifiers one can use combination techniques like Stacking, Bagging and Boosting. Such techniques are used for the generation of vote committees that produce decisions much more accurate than simple base classifiers. It is known that even using quite small partitions of the training database such techniques produce much more accurate decisions than a simple base classifier that uses all the training data. This is suitable for solving scalability problems. However, such techniques can not learn understandable knowledge, what is a drawback from the Knowledge Discover process point-of-view. To solve these problems, we introduce in this paper a Knowledge Integration technique capable of generate accurate and understandable rule sets taking as input base classifiers generated by a rule induction algorithm. Such rule sets are combined into a single rule set that, when evaluated over test instances, presents a better accuracy than any individual rule set and often outperforms Bagging and AdaBoosting.
THE HEBREW UNIVERSITY OF JERUSALEM

Being a product of evolutionary pressures, it would not be surprising to find that what seems to be a limitation of the cognitive system is actually a fine-tuned compromise between a set of competing needs. This thesis is de monstrated using the case of the limited capacity of short-term memory, which is oft en regarded as the prime example of a cognitive limitation. Short-term memory (STM) can hold only a small numbe r of items; originally estimated at 7±2 items, it is now believed to be cl oser to 4 or 5. Because STM is the part of the cognitive system that holds the information available for conscious processing, its capacity sets an upper limit on the size of the sam ple that may be considered to determine characteristics of the environment. Obviously, the smaller that size, the higher the risk of obtaining inaccurate estimates of important paramet ers. However, at the same time, it can be shown that the very same limitation also carries with it a number of advantages. First, small samples lead to systematic, and arguab ly beneficial, biases in the estimation of parameters that bear on the perceptio n of regularity: Correlations are likely to appear stronger than they actually are and varia nces (i.e., risks) smaller than they 1 This paper is a chapter to appear in Hammerstein, P. and J. R. Stevens, eds. 2012. Evolution and the Mechanisms of Decision Making. Strüngmann Forum Rep orts, vol. 11. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press (due out October, 2012). Work reported in this chap ter was supported by Israel Science Foundation grants 539/2007 and 121/2011.
Regional brain activation/deactivation during word generation in schizophrenia: fMRI study.

BACKGROUND Examination of the brain regions that show aberrant activations and/or deactivations during semantic word generation could pave the way for a better understanding of the neurobiology of cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia. AIMS To examine the pattern of functional magnetic resonance imaging blood oxygen level dependent activations and deactivations during semantic word generation in schizophrenia. METHOD Functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed on 24 participants with schizophrenia and 24 matched healthy controls during an overt, paced, 'semantic category word generation' condition and a baseline 'word repetition' condition that modelled all the lead-in/associated processes involved in the performance of the generation task. RESULTS The brain regions activated during word generation in healthy individuals were replicated with minimal redundancies in participants with schizophrenia. The individuals with schizophrenia showed additional activations of temporo-parieto-occipital cortical regions as well as subcortical regions, despite significantly poorer behavioural performance than the healthy participants. Importantly, the extensive deactivations in other brain regions during word generation in healthy individuals could not be replicated in those with schizophrenia. CONCLUSIONS More widespread activations and deficient deactivations in the poorly performing participants with schizophrenia may reflect an inability to inhibit competing cognitive processes, which in turn could constitute the core information-processing deficit underlying impaired word generation in schizophrenia.
The nexus between energy consumption, economic growth, and urbanization in Latin American and Caribbean countries: An approach with PVAR model

The nexus between energy consumption, economic growth and urbanization was analyzed for a panel of twenty-one Latin American and Caribbean countries over a period from 1980-2014. The Panel Data Vector Autoregressive (PVAR) was used in order to analyze the relationship among all variables. The results indicated that there is a unidirectional relationship between urbanization and energy consumption, and a bidirectional nexus among economic growth and energy consumption in Latin America and Caribbean region.
Med-psych drug-drug interactions update.

Earlier reviews have covered pharmacokinetic drug interactions of natural and semi-synthetic opioid analgesics. This review will focus on the pharmacokinetic drug–drug interactions of methadone, propoxyphene, levomethadyl, meperidine, other phenylpiperidines (such as fentanyl), pentazocine, diphenoxylate, loperimide, and tramadol. The authors present an extensive review of the current literature. These drugs, with a few exceptions, are, at least partially, if not primarily, metabolized by the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme system (CYP) 3A4, and the action/interaction of these enzymes can have an effect on outcome. Therefore, these drugs are likely to produce drug– drug interactions when the CYP3A4 system is inhibited or induced. Knowledge of these drug– drug interactions is important because such interactions may decrease drug efficacy or result in adverse effects. (Psychosomatics 2009; 50:169–176)
The legacy of Columbus in American horse populations assessed by microsatellite markers

Criollo horse populations descend from horses brought from the Iberian Peninsula over the period of colonization (15th to 17th century). They are spread throughout the Americas and have potentially undergone genetic hybridization with other breeds in the recent past. In this study, 25 autosomal microsatellites were genotyped in 50 horse breeds representing Criollo populations from 12 American countries (27 breeds), breeds from the Iberian Peninsula (19), one breed each from France and Morocco and two cosmopolitan horse breeds (Thoroughbred and Arabian). The genetic relationships among breeds identified five clusters: Celtic; Iberian; North American with Thoroughbred influence; most Colombian breeds; and nearly all other Criollo breeds. The group of "all other Criollo breeds" had the closest genetic relationship with breeds originating from the Iberian Peninsula, specifically with the Celtic group. For the whole set of Criollo breeds analysed, the estimated genetic contribution from other breeds was approximately 50%, 30% and 20% for the Celtic, Iberian and Arab-Thoroughbred groups, respectively. The spatial distribution of genetic diversity indicates that hotspots of genetic diversity are observed in populations from Colombia, Ecuador, Brazil, Paraguay and western United States, possibly indicating points of arrival and dispersion of Criollo horses in the American continent. These results indicate that Criollo breeds share a common ancestry, but that each breed has its own identity.
Visual Realism Enhances Realistic Response in an Immersive Virtual Environment

Does greater visual realism induce greater participant presence in immersive virtual environments (VE)? Presence refers to how realistically participants respond to the environment as well as their subjective sense of being in the place depicted by the VE. Thirty-three people were exposed for three minutes to a virtual environment depicting a precipice using a head-tracked head-mounted display system. Seventeen of them saw the environment rendered with real-time recursive ray tracing (RT) that included shadows and reflections of their virtual body, and the remainder experienced the same environment rendered with ray casting (RC), which did not include shadows and reflections. Participants completed a presence questionnaire immediately after their experience, and physiological responses (skin conductance and electrocardiogram) were recorded throughout. Results show that subjective presence was higher for the RT environment than for the RC one and that higher stress was induced in the RT environment compared to the RC one.
Trials of Pharmacological Interventions for Tourette Syndrome: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome (GTS) is a childhood-onset hyperkinetic movement disorder defined by the chronic presence of multiple motor tics and at least one vocal tic and often complicated by co-morbid behavioural problems. The pharmacological treatment of GTS focuses on the modulation of monoaminergic pathways within the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuitry. This paper aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety profiles of pharmacological agents used in the treatment of tics in patients with GTS, in order to provide clinicians with an evidence-based rationale for the pharmacological treatment in GTS. Method: In order to ascertain the best level of evidence, we conducted a systematic literature review to identify double-blind randomised controlled trials of medications in GTS populations. Results: We identified a large number of pharmacological agents as potentially effective in improving tic symptoms. The alpha-2 agonist Clonidine is amongst the agents with the most favourable efficacy-versus-adverse events ratio, especially in patients with co-morbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, although effect sizes vary evidence-based studies. Discussion: Our results are in line with the findings of uncontrolled open-label studies. However, most trials have low statistical power due to the small sample sizes, and newer agents, such as Aripiprazole, have not been formally tested in double-blind randomised controlled trials. Further research should focus on better outcome measures, including Quality of Life instruments.
Facial Animation Driven by X-ray Microbeam Data Facial Animation Driven by X-ray Microbeam Data

In computer facial animation, consecutive frames are generated to create motion, or expression, on a computer modelled face. One facial animation technique, the performance-based animation technique, uses human data, such as a video recording that tracks the features of the face, to drive an animation. The present document describes a performance-based implementation called CASSI or Computer Animated Speech SIm-ulator. CASSI uses human data in the form of 2D X-ray microbeam (XRMB) data to drive the animation of a 3D facial model. The 2D X-ray microbeam data contain coordinate values tracking the side view movement of eight gold pellets placed as follows: one on the upper lip, one on the lower lip, four on the tongue, and two on the jaw. The XRMB data track the movement of the pellets attached to human subjects who are performing speech-related tasks. The 3D facial model is an augmentation of the parameterized facial model developed by Parke. CASSI was implemented as three versions: CASSI 1.0, CASSI 2.0, and CASSI 2.1. CASSI 1.0 was designed to integrate the XRMB data les with Parke's facial model. This integration included initializing the chin, palate, tongue, teeth, and lips of Parke's model, and animating the model, particularly, rotating the jaw, with the XRMB data. The emphasis of CASSI 2.0 was on lip movement, in particular, on rounding the lips using elliptical outlines, varying the thickness of the lips depending on the subject, and preventing the lips from running into the surface of the teeth using a parabolic track. In CASSI 2.1, instead of having the upper and lower lips of equal thickness, as in CASSI 2.0, the lip thickness for some subjects' was modiied so that the upper lip is made smaller than the lower lip. CASSI provides several research contributions. It animates a 3D face according to 2D X-ray mi-crobeam data, handling jaw rotation and lip rounding. It models and animates a simple tongue, which most performance-based approaches do not include because the techniques used to record the movement of the face, for example, video camera, can not capture the movements of the tongue. CASSI also provides fairly good animations across several subjects without requiring manual adjustments to the parameters.
Portfolio Selection with Transaction Costs and Jump-Diffusion Asset Dynamics

We derive the boundaries of the region of no transaction when the risky asset follows a mixed jump-diffusion process in the presence of proportional transaction costs. These boundaries are shown to differ from their diffusion counterparts in relation to the jump intensity for lognormally distributed jump size. A general numerical approach is presented for iid risky asset returns in discrete time. An error in earlier work on the region of no transaction for discretized diffusions is demonstrated and corrected results are presented. Comparative results with a recent study on the same topic are presented and it is shown that the numerical algorithm has equally attractive approximation properties to the unknown continuous time limit.
Long-Term Optical Imaging and Spectroscopy Reveal Mechanisms Underlying the Intrinsic Signal and Stability of Cortical Maps in V1 of Behaving Monkeys

Explorations of learning and memory, other long-term plastic changes, and additional cognitive functions in the behaving primate brain would greatly benefit from the ability to image the functional architecture within the same patch of cortex, at the columnar level, for a long period of time. We developed methods for long-term optical imaging based on intrinsic signals and repeatedly visualized the same functional domains in behaving macaque cortex for a period extending over 1 year. Using optical imaging and imaging spectroscopy, we first explored the relationship between electrical activity and hemodynamic events in the awake behaving primate and compared it with anesthetized preparations. We found that, whereas the amplitude of the intrinsic signal was much larger in the awake animal, its temporal pattern was similar to that observed in the anesthetized animals. In both groups, deoxyhemoglobin concentration reached a peak 2–3 sec after stimulus onset. Furthermore, the early activity-dependent increase in deoxyhemoglobin concentration (the “initial dip”) was far more tightly colocalized with electrical activity than the delayed increase in oxyhemoglobin concentration, known to be associated with an increase in blood flow. The implications of these results for improvement of the spatial resolution of blood oxygenation level-dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging are discussed. After the characterization of the intrinsic signal in the behaving primate, we used this new imaging method to explore the stability of cortical maps in the macaque primary visual cortex. Functional maps of orientation and ocular dominance columns were found to be stable for a period longer than 1 year.
Mid-career burnout in generalist and specialist physicians.

ASTUDY OF US PHYSICIANS SHOWED that physicians in 1997 were less satisfied in every aspect of their professional life than those asked similar questions in 1986. They were dissatisfied with the time they have with individual patients and their lack of incentives for high-quality care. Similarly, a 1998 study revealed that two thirds of Canadian physicians have a workload they consider too heavy, and more than half stated their family and personal lives have suffered because they chose medicine as a profession. Dissatisfaction has been documented in several diverse physician groups, including primary care, surgery, infectious disease specialists, and anesthesiologists. The leaders of medical school departments are exposed to similar pressures. These recent articles highlight the growing discontent of physicians with the increasing complexities of the practice of medicine. Burnout, a term that has moved from colloquial speech into the social and psychological vernacular, describes this phenomenon. There is a growing awareness within medicine that physicians and other health care professionals are at risk for burnout, which threatens the sustainability of the health care enterprise. Preventing burnout by promoting the wellbeing of physicians has been the focus of several recent initiatives. The Western Journal of Medicine devoted its entire January 2001 issue to offer guidance in living positive and healthy lives. In addition, the Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations has mandated that as of January 1, 2001, all hospitals have a process to address physician well-being, separate from disciplinary processes. We review the definition of burnout and its sources; examine the interaction of physician personality factors and the unique stressors they encounter in the workplace and at home; and highlight current resources for preventing burnout and promoting wellbeing in physicians and within their organizations.