Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predicting Personality from Book Preferences with User-Generated Content Labels

Psychological studies have shown that personality traits are associated with book preferences. However, past findings based on questionnaires are limited to conventional book genres and do not capture niche content (e.g., family drama) and reading behaviors (e.g., backburners). For a more comprehensive measure of book content, this study harnesses a massive archive of content labels, also known as ‘tags’, created by users of a book review website, Goodreads.com. Combined with data on preferences and personality scores collected from Facebook users, the tag labels achieve high accuracy in personality prediction by psychological standards. Additionally, we group tags into broader genres to check their validity against past findings. Our results are robust across both tag-level and genre-level analyses and are consistent with existing literature. Moreover, user-generated tag labels reveal unexpected insights, such as cultural differences, book reading behaviors, and other non-content factors affecting preferences. To our knowledge, this is currently the largest study that explores the relationship between personality and book content preferences.
Trends in mammography screening rates after publication of the 2009 US Preventive Services Task Force recommendations

In November 2009, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) issued new recommendations regarding mammography screening. The Task Force recommended against routine screening for women ages 40 to 49 years and recommended biennial screening for women ages 50 to74 years. The recommendations met great controversy in mass media and medical literature; whether they have had an impact on screening patterns is not known. The objective of this study was to determine whether the 2009 USPSTF recommendations led to changes in screening rates among women ages 40 to 49 years and ages 50 to 74 years.
Administrative Ethics and Professional Competence: Accountability and Performance under Globalization

Introduction The current worldwide concern for accountability and ethics in public service and administration has reached a highly critical level, signaling another feature of a growing global crisis in public service and administration. Calibration of this global crisis of confidence in governance and administration requires deep understanding of its possible causes and consequences (Habermas, 1984; Bennett, 1992). Like many other important issues, ethics and accountability transcend virtually all human and institutional boundaries at local, national and international levels. Calibration of the current public service crisis is therefore a task that demands attention from all actors in governance and administration processes around the world (Freedman, 1978; Habermas, 1984; Rosen, 1986; Farazmand, 1989, 2001; Ban, 2000; Brown, 2000; Lewis, 2000). This would involve citizens, policy actors, governing political elites and administrative elites across the globe. Restoration of the public service image is an imperative that needs to be recognized as well. Public service has always been valued as a major feature of human civilization. This has been due to many factors, including the nature of humankind as a social creature with concern for common good and common interests as well as for selfinterest. The state and public sector organizations have played a leading role in providing this common good and public service throughout history. In fact, civilization and administration have been developed together, one promoting the other (Waldo, 1980/1992). This is evidenced by the highly developed public bureaucracy and civil service system, as well as by the proliferating intellectual/ philosophical development concerning public service in the great ancient empires of Persia, Greece, China and Rome, where much of the modern knowledge of public administration originated. The rise and expansion of the modern state has also contributed significantly to
Breastfeeding practices and infants nutritional status in isoko north/south local government areas of Delta state, Nigeria

The study identified the breastfeeding practices of mothers and assessment of nutritional status of infants in Isoko North and South Local Government Areas in Delta State, Nigeria. The sample consisted of 300 mothers from various occupational groups. The instrument used for data collection was a questionnaire. The data were analyzed by computing of the percentages of the responses to each item. Findings indicated that all the mothers breastfed their babies exclusively for the first two months. Few did so up to the 3rd month from the urban and rural setting. “Feeding on demand” an “scheduled feeding” were practiced. Some mothers breastfed their babies up to 15 months. Some breastfed because they felt breastmilk makes baby to be healthy. It is economical.and rich. Breastfeeding saves time. Some mothers drank milk to increase their breastmilk output. Some drank palm wine. The main reason for stopping breastfeeding was that baby was old enough to eat weaning foods. Some mothers had painful nipples due to breastfeeding. The infants who were mainly breastfed had normal nutritional status. Most infants who were partly breastfed were malnourished. It was recommended among others that mothers should practice exclusive breastfeeding for the first 4th - 6th month of life before giving complementary food
Factors Influencing Technological Entrepreneurship Capabilities: Towards an Integrated Research Framework for Chinese Enterprises

Purpose – This study seeks to address the issue of the factors influencing Chinese enterprises technological entrepreneurship capabilities. This study is particularly relevant in light of the driving role given to enterprises in the process of transforming China into an innovation‐oriented nation and leading science power.Design/methodology/approach – The paper draws on a broad literature review, covering various theoretical fields in International as well as Chinese management literature, to develop an integrated research framework. Relying on a multi‐disciplinary and multi‐level approach, the framework highlights a number of internal processes and external network attributes, their interactions and moderating relationships as related to their impact on Chinese enterprises technological entrepreneurship capabilities and their contributions to business performance.Findings – The paper offers an overview of the factors that affect technological entrepreneurship capabilities, with particular reference to Ch.
Sources of Negative Attitudes toward Immigrants in Europe: A Multi-Level Analysis 1

In recent times, many nations are experiencing an increase in anti-immigrant attitudes on the part of natives. Most papers only explore one or two sources of anti-immigrant attitudes at a time, which provides an incomplete picture of the effects at work. This paper tests eight different explanations for anti-immigrant attitudes: cultural marginality theory, human capital theory, political affiliation, societal integration, neighborhood safety, contact theory, foreign investment, and economic competition. Analysis is conducted using combined data from the European Social Survey and Eurostat/OECD and individual-, regional-, and national-level predictors. Results indicate that key predictors of anti-immigrant attitudes are regional and national interpersonal trust, education level, foreign direct investment, and political variables.
Periorbital dermatitis as a side effect of topical dorzolamide

Aim: To report periorbital dermatitis as a late side effect of topical dorzolamide hydrochloride (Trusopt), a drug used to reduce intraocular pressure. Methods: A retrospective study of 14 patients who developed periorbital dermatitis while using topical dorzolamide hydrochloride was undertaken. Six patients underwent patch testing for sensitivity to Trusopt, dorzolamide hydrochloride, and the preservative benzalkonium chloride. Results: The periorbital dermatitis occurred after a mean period of 20.4 weeks of commencing dorzolamide hydrochloride therapy. 13 patients had used preserved topical β blocker treatment for a mean period of 34.2 months without complication before the introduction of dorzolamide. In eight (57.1%) the dermatitis resolved completely after discontinuing dorzolamide but in six (42.9%) resolution of the dermatitis did not occur until the concomitant preserved β blocker was stopped and substituted with preservative free drops. Patch testing for sensitivity to Trusopt, dorzolamide hydrochloride, and benzalkonium chloride was negative. Conclusion: These findings suggest that dorzolamide can cause severe periorbital dermatitis. Although the dermatitis may resolve when dorzolamide is discontinued, this does not always occur and in some patients all topical medication containing benzalkonium chloride needs to be stopped.
The Earnings of Economics Graduates

Towse and Blaug (i 989) examine the market for professional economists in the United Kingdom and conclude that, if anything, there is an excess supply. They define an economist as someone with at least a Master's degree in Economics and note that most professional economists are employed in higher education where a major part of their duties involve teaching Economics on a variety of degree programmes. To the extent that the demand for academic economists is a derived demand it is important to assess the 'value' of the courses offered. One dimension of the return from studying Economics is the extra earnings generated. Recently the Department of Employment conducted a Survey of I980 Graduates and Diplomates which contains data on the first six years of a graduate's career. The present paper assesses the evidence which is available in this survey on the earnings of graduates in Economics compared with the earnings of graduates in other subjects. The intention is to supplement the work of Towse and Blaug. The data source and the variables used in the analysis are briefly described in Section i. Section 2 discusses the average earnings of graduates by degree subject and occupation while Section 3 outlines the career choices of Economics and Accounting graduates and comments on the 'generalist' nature of those subjects. ' It appears that earnings are determined differently for graduates of different subjects and -this is explored further in Section 4 where earnings equations are reported for various types of graduate. The main points made in the paper are summarised in Section 5.
Leverage and Market Stability: The Role of Margin Rules and Price Limits

The authors show that, when some investors hold levered portfolios by engaging in margin borrowing, repeated rounds of trading can result in market instability--in the sense that prices can move rationally--even in the absence of any change in fundamentals. They show this with a simple model in which all agents are rational and symmetrically informed. The authors discuss welfare implications of price stability and explore the effects of market composition and market trading rules on the stability of the market. A major result of this article is that price limits might enhance market stability by excluding potentially destabilizing market prices. Copyright 1998 by University of Chicago Press.
Aminoglycoside pharmacokinetics: dosage requirements and nephrotoxicity in trauma patients.

We evaluated prospectively gentamicin and tobramycin pharmacokinetics in 37 patients with multiple system trauma and seven patients with isolated closed head trauma. The mean apparent volume of distribution (Vd) was 0.38 +/- 0.10 and 0.27 +/- 0.04 L/kg actual body weight (ABW) in patients with multiple trauma and closed head trauma, respectively. The difference in Vd between the two groups of patients was significant (p less than .002). Vd was not predictable on the basis of age, sex, weight, trauma score, or hospital day that therapy was initiated. Mean aminoglycoside clearance (Cl) was 123 +/- 46 ml/min. Neither serum creatinine nor estimated creatinine Cl predicted aminoglycoside Cl with sufficient accuracy to be clinically useful (r = .33 and .67, respectively). The mean daily dose was 6.1 +/- 1.6 mg/kg. The mean peak serum level was 5.8 +/- 1.3 micrograms/ml. Only one patient developed clinically significant renal dysfunction. Our data indicate that a loading dose of gentamicin or tobramycin of 3 mg/kg ABW in patients with multiple trauma and 2.5 mg/kg ABW in patients with isolated head trauma will obtain a mean initial peak serum level of 6.6 micrograms/ml. Although adequate maintenance dosing requires individualization based on pharmacokinetic analyses, large aminoglycoside doses can be used safely in patients with blunt trauma if appropriate monitoring is employed.
Growth of Aerobacter aerogenes on D-arabinose and L-xylose

Aerobacter aerogenes is noted for its versatility in being capable of growth by utilizing many of the rare and unnatural carbohydrates as substrates. The mechanism of growth on several of these unnatural carbohydrates has been previously reported. A. aerogenes PRL-R3 possesses the ability to synthesize, in response to the common substrate ribitol, a ribitol dehydrogenase which will also catalyze the oxidation of the rare pentitols xylitol and L-arabitol, but high enzyme concentrations are required before a significant rate of metabolism of these latter two pentitols can occur. Xylitol and L-arabitol are not inducers of the enzyme, and growth with these pentitols as substrates is due to the selection of mutants derepressed for ribitol dehydrogenase (Mortlock, Fossitt, and Wood., Bacteriol. Proc., p. 95, 1964). A mutation for the synthesis of a new or specific pentitol dehydrogenase is not required to permit growth on these unnatural pentitols, even though it is unlikely that the organism has previously encountered these substrates in nature. It has been postulated that growth on the rare aldopentose L-xylose occurs by a similar mechanism with the utilization of D-arabinose isomerase for the isomerization of L-xylOse to L-xylulose (Mortlock et al., Bacteriol. Proc., p. 95, 1964).
The Roles of IL-12 in Providing a Third Signal for Clonal Expansion of Naive CD8 T Cells1

Stimulation of an effective in vitro or in vivo response by naive CD8 T cells requires three signals: TCR engagement, costimulation/IL-2, and a third signal that can be provided by IL-12. In addition to being required for acquisition of cytolytic function, IL-12 is required for optimal IL-2-dependent proliferation and clonal expansion. In experiments examining in vitro stimulation of naive CD8 T cells, IL-12 is shown to stimulate expression of the IL-2R α-chain (CD25) to much higher levels than are reached in response to just TCR and costimulation and/or IL-2. In addition, high CD25 expression is substantially prolonged in the presence of IL-12. As a consequence, the cells proliferate more effectively in response to low levels of IL-2. Examination of adoptively transferred TCR transgenic CD8 T cells responding to peptide Ag confirmed that IL-12 up-regulates CD25 in vivo, even when B7-mediated costimulation is largely blocked. TCR- and IL-2-dependent proliferation of CD8 T cells from mice deficient in CD25 was also found to increase in the presence of IL-12, indicating that CD25 up-regulation is not the only mechanism by which IL-12 increases clonal expansion of the cells. IL-2 and IL-12 both act to increase expression of both CD25 and the IL-12R, thus providing positive cross-regulation of receptor expression. These results suggest that when cross-priming dendritic cells present class I/Ag and costimulatory ligands, and produce IL-12, naive CD8 T cells will begin to produce IL-2 and both receptors will be optimally up-regulated to insure that an effective response is generated.
Sex Reassignment Surgery in Male to Female Transsexuals

A follow-up is presented for 67 male transsexuals who had surgery, along with detailed information for 55 patients. The operative technique used is first described by Stuteville, Pandya, and Arieffin 1971. The main principle of this technique is that the vagina is lined with inverted penile skin like a flap on an abdominal pedicle. All the erectile tissue is removed. In the follow-up, special attention was paid to the patients' reactions to the surgery and to the anatomical and functional results. There was only 1 patient who regretted having had the operation. All the others were well pleased and content that their external sexual organs at last fitted their body image. There were few complaints about the appearance, and only 4 patients needed further surgery to increase the size of the vagina. Some patients had a vagina that would be judged too small. They did not complain because the vagina was unimportant in their sexual activities.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES.

and Summary. -Analysis of the electron spin resonance (ESR) of a 'y-irradiated single crystal of L-tyrosine-HCl reveals a free radical formed by loss of an H from the hydroxyl group attached to the ring. Principal g values of the radical are g. = 2.0023 A 0.0005, g, = 2.0067 + 0.0005, and g, = 2.0045 ± 0.0005, with gx perpendicular to the plane of the ring and g, along the CO bond to the ring. Analysis of the hyperfine structure of the spectra shows electron spin density on C(2) and C(6) to be 0.24 and on C(4) to be 0.32. Corresponding spin densities calculated from molecular orbital theory are 0.26 and 0.31, respectively. Radiation effects on various derivatives of tyrosine in the powdered or polycrystalline form have been investigated before with electron spin resonance.1-' By bombardment of the sample with H atoms, Liming and Gordy4 recently showed that one type of radical produced results from H addition on the tyrosine ring. However, there are other ESR signals produced by ionizing irradiation of tyrosine and its derivatives which cannot be attributed to H-addition radicals. Also, when H-addition radicals are formed by ionizing irradiation of pure tyrosine, it is evident that the added H atoms must be released from some other part of the molecule. As the possible explanation of the ESR patterns observed in 7y-irradiated samples of powdered tyrosine and polytyrosine, radicals formed by loss of the hydrogen from the OH group on the ring have been postulated,1' 2 but this postulate could not be proved from the unresolved structure of the resonance of the powdered samples. We have undertaken this study on single crystals in the hope of correctly identifying the radicals formed and obtaining quantitative information about them. The Tyrosine-HCl Crystal. -Single crystals of L-tyrosine-HCl were grown at room temperature by slow evaporation of L-tyrosine dissolved in 30 per cent hydrochloric acid. The dimensions of the crystal used in this study were 1 X 1 X 8 mm. When the crystal was rotated about the c axis (see Fig. 1), six faces were observed. The approximate angles between these faces were measured by an optical goniometer, and the values were compared with the ones calculated from the unit cell dimensions.
Reliability of Partner Reports of Sexual History in a Heterosexual Population at a Sexually Transmitted Diseases Clinic

Background: In epidemiologic research, information about sexual frequency and condom use is by necessity based on self‐reports. This study investigated the reliability of self‐reported sexual behavior in 162 heterosexual partnerships. Methods: Subjects were part of a larger study of condom use and sexually transmitted diseases (STD) conducted in two Baltimore STD clinics from 1990 to 1992. Partners were enrolled on the same day and were interviewed separately. Information about sexual activity and condom use was collected using a retrospective calendar for the 30 days before enrollment. Results: Participants were predominantly young, unmarried African‐Americans. Based on Spearman's correlation coefficients and kappa statistics, the authors found only fair agreement (K = 0.43; r = 0.51) between partner reports of overall condom use for the 30‐day period before the interview. Correlation coefficients ranged from 0.43 for frequency of any sexual activity to 0.56 for number of days on which vaginal intercourse occurred. Conclusions: Partner agreement for condom use and frequency of sexual activity decreased as the recall period increased. Higher partner agreement was observed for questions with definite answers compared to the more open‐ended sexual behavior questions. These findings indicate potential reporting bias in self‐reports of sexual behavior in a population at high risk for STDs.
The Resource-Based Theory of Competitive Advantage: Implications for Strategy Formulation

Constructs an analytical framework for a resource-based approach to strategy formulation. There are five stages in this framework: analyze resources, appraise capabilities, analyze competitive advantage, select strategy, and identify resource gaps. The concepts of this framework are illustrated by reference to existing U.S. firms such as IBM, Xerox, Harley-Davidson, and 3M. This framework uses resources and capabilities as the foundation for a firm's long-term strategy because they provide direction for firm strategy and serve as the primary source of firm profit. Resources are defined as the inputs into the production process and include items of capital equipment and skills of individual employees. Capabilities are defined as the capacity for a team of resources to perform some task or activity. When analyzing the competitive advantage of a firm, durability, transparency, transferability, and replicability are considered important factors. To be successful, firms must develop strategies which utilize their unique characteristics. (SRD)
Shaping Lives: Agency in Young Adult Transitions

The purpose of this study was to investigate how young adults making life transitions experience feelings of control and exercise personal agency. The primary aim was to examine how structural factors, particularly gender and institutional setting, are associated with agency. A secondary aim was to elaborate on Beck's individualisation thesis, by considering the significance of agency and gender in shaping lives. A mixed methods approach was taken, incorporating both comparative and biographical strategies. A sample of 300 males and females aged 18 to 25, located in higher education, employment and unemployment in Derby, England, completed a questionnaire assessing subjective perceptions of their lives. Quantitative data were complemented by qualitative data from 7 focus groups, allowing a comparative analysis of individual agentic variables across six structuring contexts, based on gender and setting. Eight biographical case studies of young employees were compiled and used to explore social processes further. Young people's perspectives reflected individualistic rhetoric pervasively. Personal agency appeared to play an important role in moving young people out of structurally predicted patterns. Planning orientations were identified as salient markers of agency, but these were also found to have structural foundations in social class and family background. Agency was found to operate within varying levels of constraint, more closely associated with setting than gender. It is argued that the resources provided by young people's social networks (social capital), which vary more by setting than gender, are critical influences on young people's scope for action. Young women's and men's perspectives were close, but where differences were identified these indicated heightened feelings of control among women. Possible refinements to Beck's individualisation thesis are proposed. The implications of these findings for public policy and institutional approaches concerned with young adults are discussed. Efforts should be directed towards increasing capital among the most disadvantaged groups.