Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Future Directions in Late Life Suicide Prevention

Late life suicide is characterized by less warning, higher lethality, and greater prevalence of depression and physical illness than suicide earlier in the lifespan. Suicidal older adults are more likely to seek help from a physician than through mental health channels, and suicide risk often remains undetected. Hopelessness is a prominent feature in older adult suicide. Traditional suicide hotlines receive few calls from older adults, and staff lack training in working with this age group. Despite the difficulties in preventing older adult suicide, however, opportunities exist. Psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological treatments for depression may be effective in suicidal older adults, although they have not yet been widely tested. Community agencies with specialized programs for older adults show promise. Results are presented from the evaluation of one such agency, the Center for Elderly Suicide Prevention. After receiving agency services, hopelessness improved among clients but not in a comparison group. There were no significant changes in depressive symptoms or life satisfaction. Recommendations for future preventive efforts include: use of medical contacts to screen for depression and suicide; assessment of suicide risk with even small elevations in depressive symptoms; consideration of physical health status and level of hopelessness in assessing suicide risk; research on effective psychotherapies with suicidal older adults; and support of innovative community outreach and intervention programs.
Iterative spectrum balancing for digital subscriber lines

Dynamic spectrum management (DSM) is an important technique for mitigating crosstalk in DSL. One of the first DSM algorithms proposed, iterative waterfilling (IW), has a low complexity and demonstrates the spectacular performance gains that are possible. Unfortunately IW tends to be highly sub-optimal in mixed CO/RT deployments and upstream VDSL. Another DSM algorithm, optimal spectrum balancing (OSB), uses a weighted rate-sum to find the theoretically optimal transmit spectra. Unfortunately its complexity scales exponentially with the number of lines in the binder N. Typical binders contain 25-100 lines, for which OSB is intractable. This paper presents a new iterative algorithm for spectrum management in DSL. The algorithm optimizes the weighted rate-sum in an iterative fashion, which leads to a quadratic, rather than exponential, complexity in N. The algorithm is tractable for large N and can be used to optimize entire binders. Simulations show that the algorithm performs very close to the theoretical optimum achieved by OSB.
Judicious use of redundant transmissions in multi-channel ALOHA networks with deadlines

This paper shows how to improve the classic multi-channel slotted ALOHA protocols by judiciously using redundant transmissions. The focus is on user-oriented requirements: deadlines and a permissible probability of failing to meet them. Subject to those, maximization of throughput is the optimization goal. When there is with no success/failure feedback prior to the deadline, the use of information dispersal with some redundancy provided by error-correcting codes for the data in conjunction with a replicated, separately-transmitted synchronization preamble sharply reduces the overhead resulting from the use of shorter packets and significantly increases the capacity. When the permissible delay is several times greater than the round-trip propagation delay, we propose a novel retransmission policy: all attempts except the final one entail the transmission of a single or very few copies, and the remaining copies are transmitted in the final attempt. This sharply increases channel capacity.
Are Attitudes To Ageing and Wisdom Enhancement Legitimate Targets For CBT For Late Life Depression and Anxiety?

This paper provides a brief overview of demographic change and suggests that as people are living longer and healthier than previous generations, there is a need to consider how well psychotherapy models are suited to the new generation of elders. The paper also outlines the use of gerontological therapies as vehicles for change to enhance treatment outcome for CBT for late life depression and anxiety. In particular ageing experience and attitude is seen through the lens of a stress-diathesis and wisdom enhancement is considered as a legitimate target in the treatment of late life depression and anxiety.
Pulsatile Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Ghrelin in Relation to Growth Hormone Secretion and Food Intake in the Sheep

As in other species, exogenous administration of ghrelin, an endogenous ligand for the growth hormone (GH) secretagogue receptors can stimulates feeding behaviour and GH secretion in the sheep. However, the importance of endogenous ghrelin for these two functions as well as its central or peripheral origin remained to be established. In the present study, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) ghrelin concentrations were measured in five anoestrous ewes and found to be more than 1000‐fold lower than circulating plasma levels, in keeping with the even lower concentration in hypothalamic compared to abomasum tissue extracts. Cluster analysis indicated that CSF ghrelin levels were markedly pulsatile, with a greater number of peaks than plasma ghrelin. Pulsatility parameters were closer for GH and CSF ghrelin than between GH and plasma ghrelin. Plasma ghrelin and GH levels were significantly correlated in three out of five ewes but CSF ghrelin and GH in one ewe only. Half of the CSF ghrelin episodes were preceded by a ghrelin peak in plasma with a 22‐min delay. Cross‐correlations between plasma GH and plasma or CSF ghrelin did not reach significance but a trend towards cross‐correlation was observed from 20 to 0 min between plasma and CSF ghrelin. At 09.00 h, when food was returned to ewes, voluntary food intake did not elicit a consistent change in plasma or CSF ghrelin levels. By contrast, a peripheral ghrelin injection (1 mg, i.v.) immediately stimulated feeding behaviour and GH secretion. These effects were concomitant with a more than ten‐fold increase in plasma ghrelin levels, whereas CSF ghrelin values only doubled 40–50 min after the injection. This suggests that peripherally‐injected ghrelin crosses the blood–brain barrier, but only in low amount and with relatively slow kinetics compared to its effects on GH release and food intake. Taken together, the results obtained in the present study support the notion that, in the ovariectomised‐oestradiol implanted sheep model, peripheral ghrelin injection rapidly induces GH secretion, and feeding behaviour, probably by acting on growth hormone secretagogue receptor subtype 1 located in brain regions in which the blood–brain barrier is not complete (e.g. the arcuate nucleus).
Cysteine transport and sulfite reductase activity in a germination-defective mutant of Histoplasma capsulatum

A mutant of the dimorphic, zoopathogenic fungus Histoplasma capsulatum, defective in the ability of its blastospores to germinate, was used to show that the nutritional requirement for cysteine and the expression of sulfite reductase activity are temperature dependent and not related to the growth form the fungus, whereas the kinetics of cysteine transport depend on both temperature and the form of the fungus.
Tensor Decomposition via Simultaneous Power Iteration

Tensor decomposition is an important problem with many applications across several disciplines, and a popular approach for this problem is the tensor power method. However, previous works with theoretical guarantee based on this approach can only find the top eigenvectors one after one, unlike the case for matrices. In this paper, we show how to find the eigenvectors simultaneously with the help of a new initialization procedure. This allows us to achieve a better running time in the batch setting, as well as a lower sample complexity in the streaming setting.
Judgments of Time in Traffic Related Decision-Making Situations

Judgments of time can have a crucial role for the choices drivers take while in traffic. At the same time drivers’ value of time is often predicted as being the core benefit from new road development schemes (Mackie, Jara-Dias, Fowkes, 2001; Beesley, 1965). This paper uses the theoretical perspective of Kahneman & Tversky’s (1979) Prospect Theory to investigate how time is judged in traffic situations. In particular, it is examined how the framing of timeprospects, influence the drivers’ judgments. To investigate this a questionnaire was distributed on the internet. 213 participants were presented with 6 different situations related to time in traffic and asked to choose between two different time-prospects in each of the 6 situations. The 6 different choice situations were each framed in both a positive and a negative formulation. The individual participant was presented with only one of the two formulations in each choice situation. The results from the experiment indicate that the framing of the specific choice situation play a role in drivers’ judgments of time in traffic related situations, as Prospect Theory predicts. Also, the results show that special consideration must be given to judgments of time as compared to choices involving judgments of objects or money, as the perception of time differs from the perception of objects or money.
Increased expression of multidrug resistance related proteins Pgp, MRP1, and LRP/MVP occurs early in colorectal carcinogenesis.

AIM: To analyse the expression of multidrug resistance (MDR) related proteins at different steps in colorectal carcinogenesis. METHODS: The presence of three MDR related proteins (Pgp, MRP1, and LRP/MVP) was studied by means of immunohistochemistry in normal, adenomatous, and malignant colorectal epithelium. Formaldehyde fixed, paraffin embedded tissue sections of 17 samples of colorectal tissue were used (normal mucosa, n = 4; adjacent mucosa, n = 5; adenoma, n = 5; carcinoma, n = 3). RESULTS: For all three proteins, expression was found in the surface epithelium and the upper parts of the crypts in normal colon. In the adenomas, staining was seen along the complete length of the crypts. In the carcinomas analysed, all epithelium showed positive staining. Mucosa adjacent to either carcinoma or adenoma showed staining patterns mostly resembling those of normal mucosa, but sometimes some extension of staining was seen along the crypt. CONCLUSIONS: These proteins already show increased expression in the adenoma stage. In the absence of adequate mucin production in adenomas, MDR related proteins could be an important factor in protecting the epithelium against further environmentally induced genetic damage. This could be one of the reasons why only about 5% of colorectal adenomas will actually progress to carcinomas.
Escalated conflict in a social hierarchy

Animals that live in cooperative societies form hierarchies in which dominant individuals reap disproportionate benefits from group cooperation. The stability of these societies requires subordinates to accept their inferior status rather than engage in escalated conflict with dominants over rank. Applying the logic of animal contests to these cases predicts that escalated conflict is more likely where subordinates are reproductively suppressed, where group productivity is high, relatedness is low, and where subordinates are relatively strong. We tested these four predictions in the field on co-foundress associations of the paper wasp Polistes dominulus by inducing contests over dominance rank experimentally. Subordinates with lower levels of ovarian development, and those in larger, more productive groups, were more likely to escalate in conflict with their dominant, as predicted. Neither genetic relatedness nor relative body size had significant effects on the probability of escalation. The original dominant emerged as the winner in all except one escalated contest. The results provide the first evidence that reproductive suppression of subordinates increases the threat of escalated conflict, and hence that reproductive sharing can promote stability of the dominant–subordinate relationship.
Automatically elicited fear: Conditioned skin conductance responses to masked facial expressions

Abstract This study examined automatic elicitation of conditioned skin conductance responses (SCRs), when a backward masking procedure prevented the subject's conscious awareness of the conditioned stimuli (CSs). The CSs were pictures of emotional facial expressions. A differential conditioning procedure was used. One facial expression (e.g. an angry face) was aversively conditioned by a shock unconditioned stimulus, whereas another facial expression (e.g. a happy face) was never presented with the shock. After conditioning, the CSs were presented backwardly masked by a neutral face. This procedure prevented conscious perception of the CS. Nevertheless, reliable differential SCRs were obtained when the CS had been an angry face. This effect, however, was dependent on the subject's direction of attention. When attention was focused on the mask, no differential responding was observed. Thus it was concluded that, when fear-relevant stimuli (angry faces) served as the CS, elicitation of SCRs was automatic in.
Psychological Disorder in Adolescents and Adults with Asperger Syndrome

The distress and disability caused by Asperger syndrome are a consequence of the core syndrome itself, and any neurological or physical disorders which may be associated with it. Distress and disability are also influenced, to a much greater degree than has previously been recognized, by the personal reactions of the sufferer and the social reactions of those around him or her. One important type of personal reaction is the development of a psychological disorder secondary to Asperger syndrome. There is growing evidence that these reactions are commoner and more severe than has been thought previously. They include affective disorders, anxiety-related disorders and conduct disorders. Their manifestations may be altered by the presence of Asperger syndrome. Treatment usually involves a combination of psycho- education, social change, psychotropic medication and counselling.
The Impact of Program Environment on Recall of Humorous Television Commercials

Abstract This study investigated the possible effect of television program types on the recall performance of humorous television commercials. An experimental design was developed to test the relative performance of the same humorous and non-humorous ads in three different contextual environments—situation comedy, action/adventure, and documentary. The findings indicate that the recall performance of commercials and of the product or service promoted are both affected by the program environment within which the ads appear.
Anomalous compressibility of ferropericlase throughout the iron spin cross-over

The thermoelastic properties of ferropericlase Mg1−xFexO (x = 0.1875) throughout the iron high-to-low spin cross-over have been investigated by first principles at Earth's lower mantle conditions. This cross-over has important consequences for elasticity such as an anomalous bulk modulus (KS) reduction. At room temperature the anomaly is somewhat sharp in pressure but broadens with increasing temperature. Along a typical geotherm it occurs across most of the lower mantle with a more significant KS reduction at ≈1,400–1,600 km depth. This anomaly might also cause a reduction in the effective activation energy for diffusion creep and lead to a viscosity minimum in the mid-lower mantle, in apparent agreement with results from inversion of data related with mantle convection and postglacial rebound.
Vision and Touch: An Experimentally Created Conflict between the Two Senses

Observers were presented with an object whose visual shape, because of optical distortion, differed considerably from its tactual shape. After simultaneously grasping and viewing the object, the observers were required to indicate their impression of it by drawing it or by matching another object to it. The results reveal that vision is strongly dominant, often without the observer's being aware of a conflict.
The Undetectable Crisis: Changing Technologies of Risk

This article explores how medical technologies used to monitor and treat HIV/AIDS have affected the bodies, selves and sexual identities of gay men. In the wake of antibody and viral load testing, HIV-positive individuals have become responsibilized in an historically unique way, one that yields the virus up as an object of specific and individuated management. This provides conditions for the castigation of HIV-positive sexual actors. Yet, by positing a homogenous gay experience, some accounts of `post-crisis' have the effect of bracketing the intensification of responsibility at this site. I suggest that the optic of genealogy may help render current needs in the epidemic `detectable', by drawing attention to the changing ways in which medical technologies produce socio-sexual subjects in terms of risk.
“Everybody feels a broken bone, but only we can feel a broken heart”: Group membership influences the perception of targets' suffering

There is surmounting evidence in the literature demonstrating that social pain (e.g. rejection, humiliation, and isolation) and physical pain (e.g. injury or assault) overlap in personal experiences. The present investigation focuses on second-hand perceptions of social and physical pain. We argue that judgments of others' pain may vary as a function of group membership. By integrating research on intergroup bias in pain judgment with intergroup attributions of humanity, we predicted that observers tend to underestimate social pain more than physical pain in out-groups compared with in-groups. Across two studies that considered different scenarios, we found that Italian participants attributed less severe social pain when considering an out-group (Chinese and Ecuadorian) than an in-group member. No such effect was found for physical pain. Overall, the current work suggests an additional way through which people preserve a privileged human status to in-group members while denying out-group members' humanness. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Business process support for IoT based product-service systems (PSS)

To propose a method for adopting an Internet of Things (IoT) enabled Product-Service System (PSS) considering business model and product enhancements. The method focuses on business process implications of IoT. The paper also discusses a real application of the proposed method to the machinery industry. ,Considering the IoT technologies available, Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) is applied to identify what should be monitored in the product to minimize potential product failures. In parallel, in order to assist the company in deciding which PSS strategy to be followed, a Configurator of PSS proposals is applied. The results are derived to define the IoT architecture and the business process design supported by the selected IoT technologies. ,The main findings include the proposed IoT-enabled PSS adoption method, illustrated by the description of the application and its assessment. In addition, the identification of key process areas that are impacted by IoT is offered, namely: remote machine setup; corrective and predictive maintenance; material supply; product pricing; and information reporting. ,The application of the method proposed is limited to one company. Future work includes extending the application of the method to other units of analysis. ,The method proposed can be considered by companies willing to increase product-service revenues based on IoT technologies. ,The IoT-enabled PSS adoption method is an approach grounded on the intersection theories of Product-Service Systems and the more technology-oriented IoT developments.
Exploring the Future of HRD: The First Future Search Conference for a Profession

The problem and the solution. What methodologies exist to explore the future of human resource development? This article describes one, the future search conference, and how a global team of volunteers planned and executed the first such conference dedicated to the future of a profession. It summarizes the process, lessons learned, and outcomes in terms of common ground statements. These outcomes are explored in more detail in subsequent articles.
Job insecurity and motivation among women in Nigerian consolidated banks

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the predictors of perceived job insecurity and motivation among 286 female participants in merged and acquired banks in two capital cities of South West Nigeria.Design/methodology/approach – The participants in this survey were accidentally sampled for convenience of participants and ease of administration because of the tight work schedule. Data collected were analysed using regression and t‐test statistics.Findings – The results of the research indicated joint significant influence of job characteristics and organizational justice in women's perceived threat of job loss and motivation. Specifically, organizational justice (procedural justice) exerted a strong influence on the dependent variables for women in both acquired and merged banks.Research limitations/implications – Use of accidental sampling is a limitation. Further, studies should adopt other sampling techniques that may capture a significant sample of the population.Practical implications – Th.
Metabolic and transcriptomic response of the wine yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain EC1118 after an oxygen impulse under carbon-sufficient, nitrogen-limited fermentative conditions.

During alcoholic fermentation, Saccharomyces cerevisiae is exposed to continuously changing environmental conditions, such as decreasing sugar and increasing ethanol concentrations. Oxygen, a critical nutrient to avoid stuck and sluggish fermentations, is only discretely available throughout the process after pump-over operation. In this work, we studied the physiological response of the wine yeast S. cerevisiae strain EC1118 to a sudden increase in dissolved oxygen, simulating pump-over operation. With this aim, an impulse of dissolved oxygen was added to carbon-sufficient, nitrogen-limited anaerobic continuous cultures. Results showed that genes related to mitochondrial respiration, ergosterol biosynthesis, and oxidative stress, among other metabolic pathways, were induced after the oxygen impulse. On the other hand, mannoprotein coding genes were repressed. The changes in the expression of these genes are coordinated responses that share common elements at the level of transcriptional regulation. Beneficial and detrimental effects of these physiological processes on wine quality highlight the dual role of oxygen in 'making or breaking wines'. These findings will facilitate the development of oxygen addition strategies to optimize yeast performance in industrial fermentations.