Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Knockout of Density-Enhanced Phosphatase-1 Impairs Cerebrovascular Reserve Capacity in an Arteriogenesis Model in Mice

Collateral growth, arteriogenesis, represents a proliferative mechanism involving endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and monocytes/macrophages. Here we investigated the role of Density-Enhanced Phosphatase-1 (DEP-1) in arteriogenesis in vivo, a protein-tyrosine-phosphatase that has controversially been discussed with regard to vascular cell biology. Wild-type C57BL/6 mice subjected to permanent left common carotid artery occlusion (CCAO) developed a significant diameter increase in distinct arteries of the circle of Willis, especially in the anterior cerebral artery. Analyzing the impact of loss of DEP-1 function, induction of collateralization was quantified after CCAO and hindlimb femoral artery ligation comparing wild-type and DEP-1−/− mice. Both cerebral collateralization assessed by latex perfusion and peripheral vessel growth in the femoral artery determined by microsphere perfusion and micro-CT analysis were not altered in DEP-1−/− compared to wild-type mice. Cerebrovascular reserve capacity, however, was significantly impaired in DEP-1−/− mice. Cerebrovascular transcriptional analysis of proarteriogenic growth factors and receptors showed specifically reduced transcripts of PDGF-B. SiRNA knockdown of DEP-1 in endothelial cells in vitro also resulted in significant PDGF-B downregulation, providing further evidence for DEP-1 in PDGF-B gene regulation. In summary, our data support the notion of DEP-1 as positive functional regulator in vascular cerebral arteriogenesis, involving differential PDGF-B gene expression.
BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making

Background: Prospective users of preventive therapies often must evaluate complex information about therapeutic risks and benefits. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of relative and absolute risk information on patient decision-making in scenarios typical of health information for patients. Methods: Factorial experiments within a telephone survey of the Michigan adult, non-institutionalized, English-speaking population. Average interview lasted 23 minutes. Subjects and sample design: 952 randomly selected adults within a random-digit dial sample of Michigan households. Completion rate was 54.3%. Results: When presented hypothetical information regarding additional risks of breast cancer from a medication to prevent a bone disease, respondents reduced their willingness to recommend a female friend take the medication compared to the baseline rate (66.8% = yes). The decrease was significantly greater with relative risk information. Additional benefit information regarding preventing heart disease from the medication increased willingness to recommend the medication to a female friend relative to the baseline scenario, but did not differ between absolute and relative risk formats. When information about both increased risk of breast cancer and reduced risk of heart disease were provided, typical respondents appeared to make rational decisions consistent with Expected Utility Theory, but the information presentation format affected choices. Those 11% – 33% making decisions contrary to the medical indications were more likely to be Hispanic, older, more educated, smokers, and to have children in the home. Conclusions: In scenarios typical of health risk information, relative risk information led respondents to make
Commonality in Liquidity Indices: The Emerging European Stock Markets

The aim of the paper is to examine commonality in liquidity indices across emerging European stock markets. Five markets are included in the study: Hungarian, Czech, Polish, Russian and Turkish, in the period from 2008 to 2017. We propose liquidity indices that are based on low-frequency liquidity proxies and capture both the dynamics coming from volume and price changes. We find strong commonality of the liquidity indices across all examined markets which is robust to the choice of liquidity proxy. The dependence between indices enhances in times of crisis and large market declines, and weakens when markets become stable. We also examine the interdependency between liquidity and volatility estimates and find that liquidity on the European emerging markets is related to CBOE Volatility Index (VIX). Liquidity in the whole region decreases when VIX increases, and vice versa. The liquidity indices based on the extreme market movements show that there are no differences in commonality in time of extreme negative and positive returns.
Semantic web technologies for ubiquitous computing resource management in smart spaces

Context-aware ubiquitous computing environments tend to be highly distributed and heterogeneous, while also featuring increased dynamism as elements, devices and middleware components join, leave and change their status. In such environments, information is derived and fused with numerous sensors and context-aware middleware components. As a result, directory and naming services, along with reasoning mechanisms, are at the heart of any non-trivial ubiquitous computing application. In this paper, we argue that semantic web technologies can deal with directory service requirements of ubiquitous computing environments, much more efficiently than the wide range of legacy mechanisms. To justify this claim, we introduce a model that could greatly facilitate the development, deployment and management of ubiquitous computing applications. This model relies on semantic web technologies (i.e., ontology management) and facilitates the integration of hardware and middleware elements in the scope of a ubiquitous computing application. Using this model and its underlying ontology management schemes, we implemented proof-of-concept applications in the scope of a smart space comprising numerous sensors, actuators and middleware components. Based on the implementation experience, we outline the merits of using semantic web technologies in ubiquitous context-aware computing and smart spaces.
Effect of channel correlation on the capacity scaling in wireless networks

A hierarchical cooperative multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission can greatly improve the throughput scaling in wireless networks as shown in [1]. In this paper, we analyze the effect of channel correlation on the throughput scaling in wireless networks by focusing on an achievable rate of the cooperative MIMO transmission between two clusters of nodes as a function of the number of nodes in each cluster, the physical size of each cluster, and the distance between the two clusters. Channel correlation occurs naturally in a regime when the effect of the wavelength cannot be ignored. We use a realistic channel model that can model this channel correlation accurately. Although it is not critical, we assume more generally multiple antennas are allowed per node since this assumption becomes natural for our channel model. Our main results are in a sense consistent with the upper bounds in [2], [3] on the degrees of freedom in MIMO and in wireless networks.
Gender recognition based on fusion on face and gait information

This paper considers the combination of face and gait biometrics from the same walking sequence to carry out gender recognition. A camera is capturing the side view of a person, while another camera is placed to record the face of the same person at the front view. After these videos are acquired, we extract the silhouette images from the gait videos and normalized frame images decomposed from the face videos. Then, for face classification, we introduce PCA to reduce the image dimension and SVM to classify gender, for gait classification, we divide the silhouette into seven parts and extract features from each and also employ SVM to classify gender. On the decision level, the sum rule is applied to implement the fusion of these two classification results. The final fusion results show an improvement on correct classification rate.
Predictors of early androgen deprivation treatment failure in prostate cancer with bone metastases

Approximately 15% of men with hormone naïve metastatic prostate cancer primarily fail to respond to androgen deprivation treatment (ADT). The reason why the response to ADT differs in this subgroup of men with prostate cancer remains unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of these men and to thereby define predictors of early ADT failure in prostate cancer patients with bone metastases. The study was based on 915 men from the prospective randomized multicenter trial (no. 5) conducted by the Scandinavian Prostate Cancer Group comparing parenteral estrogen with total androgen blockade. Early ADT failure was defined as death from metastatic prostate cancer within 12 months after the start of ADT. Multivariate logistic regression models were applied to identify clinical predictors of early ADT failure. Ninety‐four (10.3%) men were primarily nonresponders to ADT. Independent predictors of early ADT failure were poor Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status (PS), analgesic consumption, low hemoglobin, and high Soloway score (extent of disease observed on the scan), in where patients with poor PS and/or high analgesic consumption had a threefold risk of early ADT failure. Not significantly factors related to early ADT failure were age, treatment, cardiovascular comorbidity, T category, grade of malignancy, serum estrogen level, and SHBG at enrolment. We analyzed characteristics of a subgroup of patients who primarily failed to respond to ADT. Four independent clinical predictors of early ADT failure could be defined, and men exhibiting these features should be considered for an alternative treatment.
#Rest in Digital Peace: Examining Attachment Dimensions' Relationship to Grief Messages on Facebook

#REST IN DIGITAL PEACE: EXAMINING ATTACHMENT DIMENSIONS’ RELATIONSHIP TO GRIEF MESSAGES ON FACEBOOK KENDALL D. UHRICH 2018 Grief is a natural reaction to loss that can include behaviors and thoughts that are emotional, physical, and spiritual (DeSpelder & Strickland, 2015). With the rise of social media, grief is now performed in a different and more public manner. The current literature has established the connection between how one grieves and their attachment dimension of either attachment anxiety or attachment avoidance (Bowlby, 1980; Schenck, Eberle, & Rings, 2016; Waskowic & Chartier, 2003; Worden, 1983). Attachment dimensions have also been correlated with social media usage, primarily the use of Facebook (Hart, Nalling, Bizer, & Collins, 2015; Lin, 2015). Findings from a series of Pearson correlations (n = 257) indicate a relationship between attachment anxiety and the likelihood to post a status update following the death of a friend and posting a status update following the death of a celebrity. Additionally, results indicate a relationship between attachment anxiety and the likelihood to post on the deceased’s wall following the death of a community member. In the case of attachment avoidance, a relationship is found with posting a status update following the death of a family member and an acquaintance. A series of Kruskal-Wallis tests found that those with preoccupied attachment are more likely than those with secure attachment to post on a deceased friend’s wall, post on a deceased community member’s wall, direct message deceased family members, and direct message a deceased friend.
Reconfigurable task-dependent functional coupling modes cluster around a core functional architecture

Functional coupling across distributed brain regions varies across task contexts, yet there are stable features. To better understand the range and central tendencies of network configurations, coupling patterns were explored using functional MRI (fMRI) across 14 distinct continuously performed task states ranging from passive fixation to increasingly demanding classification tasks. Mean global correlation profiles across the cortex ranged from 0.69 to 0.82 between task states. Network configurations from both passive fixation and classification tasks similarly predicted task coactivation patterns estimated from meta-analysis of the literature. Thus, even across markedly different task states, central tendencies dominate the coupling configurations. Beyond these shared components, distinct task states displayed significant differences in coupling patterns in response to their varied demands. One possibility is that anatomical connectivity provides constraints that act as attractors pulling network configurations towards a limited number of robust states. Reconfigurable coupling modes emerge as significant modifications to a core functional architecture.
Shorter contribution The contribution of locally generated MTSat-1R atmospheric motion vectors to operational meteorology in the Australian region

Summary and conclusions The local estimation of real time operational MTSAT 1R AMVs and their impact on operational regional NWP has been described. Experiments using these data in a real time NWP trial have been summarized. Their benefit to current operational regional NWP, when used with a control employing NMOC’s full op-erational data base (including JMA AMVs), has been recorded. These results were consistant with past trials with GMS-5 and GOES-9 and have resulted in a rein-troduction of local vectors into operations. This trial has been followed by new studies of the impact of 6-hourly visible image based AMVs and hourly AMVs in the current operational systems and a study of the use of continuous (at least hourly) AMVs in the next generation 4-D VAR United Kingdom Me-teorological Office Unified Model based system. Looking ahead, the continuing trend to space based observations with higher spatial, temporal and spectral resolution should enable improved estimation of at-mospheric motion and result in quantitative benefit to
Example-Based Regularization Deployed to Super-Resolution Reconstruction of a Single Image

In super-resolution (SR) reconstruction of images, regularization becomes crucial when insufficient number of measured low-resolution images is supplied. Beyond making the problem algebraically well posed, a properly chosen regularization can direct the solution toward a better quality outcome. Even the extreme case—a SR reconstruction from a single measured image—can be made successful with a well-chosen regularization. Much of the progress made in the past two decades on inverse problems in image processing can be attributed to the advances in forming or choosing the way to practice the regularization. A Bayesian point of view interpret this as a way of including the prior distribution of images, which sheds some light on the complications involved. This paper reviews an emerging powerful family of regularization techniques that is drawing attention in recent years—the example-based approach. We describe how examples can and have been used effectively for regularization of inverse problems, reviewing the main contributions along these lines in the literature, and organizing this information into major trends and directions. A description of the state-of-the-art in this field, along with supporting simulation results on the image scale-up problem are given. This paper concludes with an outline of the outstanding challenges this field faces today.
Membrane chaperone Shr3 assists in folding amino acid permeases preventing precocious ERAD

The yeast endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane-localized chaperone Shr3 plays a critical role in enabling amino acid permeases (AAPs) to fold and attain proper structures required for functional expression at the plasma membrane. In the absence of Shr3, AAPs specifically accumulate in the ER, where despite the correct insertion of their 12 transmembrane segments (TMSs), they aggregate forming large molecular weight complexes. We show that Shr3 prevents aggregation and facilitates the functional assembly of independently coexpressed N- and C-terminal fragments of the general AAP Gap1. Shr3 interacts with and maintains the first five TMSs in a conformation that can posttranslationally assemble with the remaining seven TMSs. We also show that Doa10- and Hrd1-dependent ER-associated degradation (ERAD) pathways redundantly degrade AAP aggregates. In combination, doa10Δ hrd1Δ mutations stabilize AAP aggregates and partially suppress amino acid uptake defects of shr3 mutants. Consequently, in cells with impaired ERAD, AAPs are able to attain functional conformations independent of Shr3. These findings illustrate that folding and degradation are tightly coupled processes during membrane protein biogenesis.
Bridging the Gap between Cognition and Developmental Neuroscience : The Example of Number Representation

Developmental cognitive neuroscience necessarily begins with a characterization of the developing mind. One cannot discover the neural underpinnings of cognition without detailed understanding of the representational Capacities that underlie thought. Characterizing the developing mind i nvolves specifying the evolutionarily given building blocks from which human conceptual abilities are constructed. describing what develops, and discovering the computational mechanisms that underlie the process of change. Here, 1 present the current state of the art with respect to one example of conceptual understanding: the representation of number. Lessons for developmental cognitive neuroscience are drawn at two levels of analysis : first. structural analogy between developmental processes described at the neural level and at the cognitive level. and second. challenges posed u the level of systems neuroscience. s y n a p s e formation, dendrite growth, and so forth. Development al psychology (of humans) aims to understand the for-of the functional architecture of die mind (how memory. emotion, attention, executive function, etc. come into being) as well as the origins of concepts, language , and the computational capacities that constitute human reason. Biology and psychology provide different levels of analysis, but practitioners of the two disciplines share fundamental intellectual goals. Both seek to understand the role of the genetic code in structuring the developing brain and mind, and both seek to specify the huge variety of processes that determine the path to the adult state. Both assume that the functional architecture of the brain, its connectivity and patterns of neural activity, provide the underpinnings of the mind, and both assume that a functional account of what the brain does (i.e., an understanding of the mind) is a necessary guide to our understanding of how the brain works. Therefore, detailed understanding of mechanism at one level of analysis is, at the very least, a source of structural analogy for mechanism at the other. We appeal to a structural analogy whenever we see a process at one level as similar to a process at the other, i n the absence of any claim that we have reduced one to the other or that we have actually discovered the sin • , New Yor k. New Yor k. neur al under pi nni ngs of some cogni t i ve abi l i t y or some Bridging biology and psychology The past 20 years have witnessed stunning advances in our understanding of how the brain …
Psychology of Space Exploration: Contemporary Research in Historical Perspective

Astronauts live and work in highly unusual and challenging environments where they must withstand multiple stressors. Their abilities to maintain positive psychological outlooks and good interpersonal relations are crucial for personal well-being and mission success. From the inception of the space program, psychologists, psychiatrists, human factors experts, and other professionals have warned that the psychological stressors of space should be treated as a risk factor and that the risk would increase as missions involved larger, more diversified crews undertaking increasingly long flights. Thus, they called for research leading to the development and application of effective countermeasures. Although psychology played a significant role at the inception of the space program, for many years thereafter certain areas of psychology all but disappeared from NASA. Interest in psychosocial adaptation was rekindled in the mid-1990s when astronauts joined cosmonauts on the Russian space station Mir. NASA’s recognition of the field of behavioral health and its links to performance opened the door to many kinds of research that were formerly overlooked. Focusing on the underutilized areas of personality and social psychology, the chapters that follow discuss psychology’s struggle for acceptance, the history of astronaut selection and psychological support, the use of analog environments and simulators for research and training, space tourism, the psychological rewards of viewing Earth from space, crew composition and group dynamics, and cross-cultural aspects of international missions. This book concludes with a summary, integration, and evaluation of the role of psychology in space exploration.
Markov lemma for countable alphabets

Strong typicality and the Markov lemma have been used in the proofs of several multiterminal source coding theorems. Since these two tools can be applied to finite alphabets only, the results proved by them are subject to the same limitation. Recently, a new notion of typicality, namely unified typicality, has been defined. It can be applied to both finite or countably infinite alphabets, and it retains the asymptotic equipartition property and the structural properties of strong typicality. In this paper, unified typicality is used to derive a version of the Markov lemma which works on both finite or countably infinite alphabets so that many results in multiterminal source coding can readily be extended. Furthermore, a simple way to verify whether some sequences are jointly typical is shown.
Scientometric analysis of Metamorphosis: a Journal of Management Research

The paper presents a scientometric analysis of 200 research articles published in the journal, “Metamorphosis: a journal of management research” from its debut year 2002 to 2016, published in association with India’s one of the top management institutions, IIM Lucknow and with one of the most famous publishing house, Sage. The study focuses on various aspects of the journal such as the distribution of articles, annual growth rate, authorship pattern, authorship productivity, degree of collaboration, collaborative index, country-wise distribution of articles, citation analysis, etc. The study shows that most of the papers, 114 out of 200 (57%) were published by single authors where as 86 out of 200 (43%) were contributed by joint authors. Overall average Degree of Collaboration (DC), average Collaborative Index (CI) and average citation per paper were 0.43, 2.35 and 25.59 respectively. Remarkable collaborative contributors are from India with 81.65% sharing. The study may help those who wish to map the scientometric patterns of journals or institutions or an individual, etc.