Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association between apolipoprotein C3 Sst I, T-455C, C-482T and C1100T polymorphisms and risk of coronary heart disease

Objectives Apolipoprotein C3 (ApoC3) polymorphisms have been suggested to be associated with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the results of relevant studies were inconsistent. We aimed to systematically evaluate this issue. Design PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane library databases (up to March 2013) were systematically searched to identify studies evaluating the association between ApoC3 polymorphisms and CHD risk. Two reviewers independently identified studies, extracted and analysed the data. Either a fixed-effects or a random-effects model was adopted to estimate overall ORs. Studies reviewed Finally, 20 studies comprising 15 591 participants were included in this systematic review. Fifteen studies with 11 539 individuals were included in the meta-analysis of Sst I polymorphism, four studies comprising 3378 individuals assessed T-455C polymorphism, four studies with 3070 participants evaluated C-482T polymorphism and C1100T polymorphism was assessed by three studies comprising 4662 participants. Results Under dominant model, Sst I polymorphism was borderline significantly associated with CHD risk (S1S2+S2S2 vs S1S1, pooled OR=1.19, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.42). Subgroup analyses suggested that Sst I polymorphism was significantly associated with myocardial infarction (MI) risk (pooled OR=1.42, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.91), and Sst I polymorphism was statistically associated with CHD risk among Asian population (pooled OR=1.35, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.69) and in retrospective studies (pooled OR=1.30, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.61). A significant association was observed between T-455C polymorphism and CHD risk (TC+CC vs TT, pooled OR=1.22, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.42). A borderline significant association was suggested between T-455C polymorphism and MI risk (pooled OR=1.21, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.46). C-482T and C1100T polymorphisms were not indicated to be associated with CHD risk or MI risk. Conclusions ApoC3 Sst I and T-455C polymorphisms might be associated with CHD risk.
Online aggregation problems

This paper is a survey of research on online algorithms for aggregation problems. Generally, an aggregation problem can be thought of as a scheduling problem, where tasks can be executed in batches. The cost of executing a batch is fixed, independent of the number of tasks in the batch. There is also a “conformity” cost associated with a task being assigned to a batch. This cost may depend on the job and the batch. Typically, the conformity costs represent the waiting cost (delay), and we will often use this term in the paper. But other types of conformity costs may appear in some applications, for example the cost of preor post-processing if the batch processing does not fully meet the requirements of the task. Our objective is to minimize the total cost:
A deep learning approach to the classification of 3D CAD models

Model classification is essential to the management and reuse of 3D CAD models. Manual model classification is laborious and error prone. At the same time, the automatic classification methods are scarce due to the intrinsic complexity of 3D CAD models. In this paper, we propose an automatic 3D CAD model classification approach based on deep neural networks. According to prior knowledge of the CAD domain, features are selected and extracted from 3D CAD models first, and then preprocessed as high dimensional input vectors for category recognition. By analogy with the thinking process of engineers, a deep neural network classifier for 3D CAD models is constructed with the aid of deep learning techniques. To obtain an optimal solution, multiple strategies are appropriately chosen and applied in the training phase, which makes our classifier achieve better performance. We demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of our approach through experiments on 3D CAD model datasets.
Could the GRB-supernovae GRB031203 and XRF060218 be cosmic twins?

The gamma-ray burst (GRB) / X-ray flash (XRF) events GRB031203, discovered by INTEGRAL, and XRF060218, discovered by Swift, represent two of only five GRB-SNe with optical spectroscopic confirmation of their SN components. Yet their observed high-energy properties offer a sharp contrast: While GRB031203 was detected as a short 40-s burst with a spectrum peaking at Epeak > 190keV, XRF060218 was a T90 � 2100-s long, smoothly evolving burst with peak energy Epeak = 4:9keV. At the same time, the properties of the two expanding dust-scattered X-ray halos observed in a fast-response XMM-Newton observation of GRB031203 reveal that this event was accompanied by an “X-ray blast” with fluence comparable to or greater than that of the prompt gamma-ray event. Taking this observation as our starting point, we investigate the likely properties of the X-ray blast from GRB031203 via detailed modeling of the XMM data, discovering a third halo due to scattering off a more distant dust sheet at d3 = 9:94 ± 0:39kpc, and constraining the timing of the X-ray blast relative to the GRB trigger time to be t0 = 11 ± 417s. Using our constraints, we compare the properties of GRB031203 to those of other GRB-SNe in order to understand the likely nature of its X-ray blast, concluding that a bright X-ray flare, as in GRB050502B, or shock breakout event, as in XRF060218, provide the most likely explanations. In the latter case, we consider the added possibility that XRF060218 may have manifested an episode of bright gamma-ray emission prior to the burst observed by Swift, in which case GRB031203 and XRF060218 would be “cosmic twin” explosions with nearly identical high-energy properties.
Credit-Based Spectrum Sharing for Cognitive Mobile Multihop Relay Networks

In cognitive mobile multihop relay (CMMR) network, the mobile user as the primary user is allocated with the channel for transmitting data. Relay station as the secondary user can help primary user to relay transmitted data while in return primary user grants channel access to secondary user. In this paper, credit-based spectrum sharing for primary and secondary user in CMMR network is proposed. With this sharing scheme, the credit is given to the secondary user when primary user requests relay transmission. Primary user can then later allow secondary user to access the allocated channel in return given available credit. An optimization model based on Markov decision process is formulated and solved to obtain optimal policy for primary user in this credit-based spectrum sharing. Knowing that the primary user will adopt optimal policy to grant channel access, the secondary user can optimize the relay transmit power such that the cost is minimized. The performance evaluation shows that the credit-based spectrum sharing can benefit both primary user to gain better QoS performance and secondary user to minimize the cost due to QoS degradation and relay transmit power.
Past, Present, and Future: An Optimal Online Algorithm for Single-Player GDL-II Games

In General Game Playing, a player receives the rules of an unknown game and attempts to maximize his expected reward. Since 2011, the GDL-II rule language extension allows the formulation of nondeterministic and partially observable games. In this paper, we present an algorithm for such games, with a focus on the single-player case. Conceptually, at each stage, the proposed NORNS algorithm distinguishes between the past, present and future steps of the game. More specifically, a belief state tree is used to simulate a potential past that leads to a present that is consistent with received observations. Unlike other related methods, our method is asymptotically optimal. Moreover, augmenting the belief state tree with iteratively improved probabilities speeds up the process over time significantly. As this allows a true picture of the present, we additionally present an optimal version of the well-known UCT algorithm for partially observable single-player games. Instead of performing hindsight optimization on a simplified, fully observable tree, the true future is simulated on an action-observation tree that takes partial observability into account. The expected reward estimates of applicable actions converge towards the true expected rewards even for moves that are only used to gather information. We prove that our algorithm is asymptotically optimal for single-player games and POMDPs and support our claim with an empirical evaluation.
Asymmetric cross-sectional dispersion in stock returns: evidence and implications

This paper documents that daily stock returns of both firms and industries are more dispersed when the overall stock market rises than when it falls. This positive relation is conceptually distinct from - and appears unrelated to - asymmetric return correlations. I argue that the source of the relation is positive skewness in sector-specific return shocks. I use this asymmetric behavior to explain a previously-observed puzzle: aggregate trading volume tends to be higher on days when the stock market rises than when it falls. The idea proposed here is that trading is more active on days when the market rises because on those days there is more non-market news on which to trade. I find that empirically, the bulk of the relation between volume and the signed market return is explained by variations in non-market volatility.
Dynamic Broadcast Routing with Security Enhancement

Security has become one of the major issues for data communication over wired and wireless networks. Different from the past work on the designs of network security algorithms and system infrastructures, we will propose a dynamic broadcast routing algorithm that could randomize delivery paths for data transmission. The algorithm is easy to implement and compatible with popular routing protocols, such as the Routing Information Protocol in wired networks and Destination-Sequenced Distance Vector protocol in wireless networks, without introducing extra control messages. The simulation results have been verified from the proposed algorithm and it shows the capability of the proposed algorithm.
Significance tree image coding using balanced multiwavelets

Biorthogonal wavelets have been used with great success in most of the recent transform image coders. By using the new balanced multiwavelets, one can now easily design fully orthogonal linear phase FIR transform schemes. The aim of our work is to assess whether the added orthogonality yields a performance gain compared to traditional biorthogonal transforms. As comparison platform we use the well-known SPIHT codec, which is based on the significance tree quantization (STQ) principle. Without any particular fine-tuning the multiwavelet codec performs within 0.5 dB of SPIHT. A closer inspection shows however that it is hard to improve on this, therefore re-establishing the rule of thumb that strict orthogonality is not a key factor in image transform coding. More details can be obtained on the [WEB] at http://lcavwww.epfl. ch/~weidmann/mwcoder.
Analyst target price accuracy and the incidence of cash flow forecasts

Research shows that analyst target price accuracy is limited and yet evidence on the factors driving this limited accuracy is inconclusive. Complementing the results of recent studies that show that the increasing incidence of cash flow forecasts in analyst reports has helped mitigate accruals mispricing, we address the question: are analyst target prices more accurate when accompanied by cash flow forecasts than when they are not? Using propensity score matching to control for selection bias, we estimate the effect of disclosing cash flow forecasts on the target price accuracy of US stocks during 2000–2010. The results suggest that target prices are more accurate when analysts also disclose cash flow forecasts. The paper contributes to the continuing debate about the usefulness of analyst target prices as well as the usefulness of analyst cash flow forecasts.
Voriconazole Use for Endemic Fungal Infections

ABSTRACT In a retrospective review of 24 patients with histoplasmosis, blastomycosis, or coccidioidomycosis treated with voriconazole (most for salvage therapy), the outcome was favorable (improved or stable) for 22 (95.8%) within 2 months of starting voriconazole and for 20 (83.3%) at the last follow-up. Prospective studies are required to determine its role in the treatment of endemic mycoses.
Validity of Self-Reported Height and Weight in a Korean Population

Background Accessible public information on self-reported height and weight is not widely used in studies of obesity, mainly because of the questionable validity of body mass index (BMI) values calculated from these data. To assess the utility of self-reported measurement, we compared self-reported and standard measurements of height and weight in a Korean population that is leaner than Western populations. Methods A cross-sectional comparison of self-reported and measured height and weight was conducted among a population of participants in a cancer screening program. A total of 557 men and 1010 women aged 30 to 70 years were included in the current analysis. Results Self-reported height was higher than measured values in both men and women. Self-reported weight was higher than measured weight in women, but was not different in men. BMI calculated from measured values was higher than BMI derived from self-reported height and weight among men. Younger age was a predictor of accuracy in self-reported height, and higher weight and BMI were predictors of under-reporting of weight. The prevalence of obesity based on self-reported values was lower than the true prevalence of obesity. With respect to classifying individuals as obese, the specificity and sensitivity of BMI calculated from self-reported values were very high for both sexes. Conclusions Self-reported height and weight were reasonably valid in this study population.
σ ORIONIS IRS1 A AND B: A BINARY CONTAINING A PROPLYD

We report optical and infrared imaging spectroscopy observations of the young binary object σ Orionis IRS1 A/B. The brighter component (σ Ori IRS1 A) of this binary system has M1 spectral type and a mass in the range of ≈ 0.3–0.8 M☉. The fainter component (σ Ori IRS1 B) has a unique morphology and spectrum. The unresolved stellar object is surrounded by an extended envelope that is slightly offset from the position of this star. The envelope's spectrum shows strong emission lines of H and He i but no shock-excited emission from H2 or [Fe ii]. The embedded stellar object σ Ori IRS1 B has an absorption spectrum characteristic of a late M photosphere, but with an additional approximately equal amount of dust continuum flux veiling the absorption lines. σ Ori IRS1 B is probably a young brown dwarf embedded in a proplyd that is being photoevaporated by the UV flux of the nearby multiple O and B star system σ Ori.
Multivariate analysis of globular cluster horizontal branch morphology: searching for the second parameter

Aims. The interpretation of globular cluster horizontal branch (HB) morphology is a classical problem that can significantly blur our understanding of stellar populations. Methods. We present a new multivariate analysis connecting the effective temperature extent of the HB with other cluster parameters. The work is based on Hubble Space Telescope photometry of 54 Galactic globular clusters. Results. The present study reveals the important role of the total mass of the globular cluster on its HB morphology. More massive clusters tend to have HBs more extended to higher temperatures. For a set of three input variables including the temperature extension of the HB, [Fe/H] and M_V, the first two eigenvectors account for 90% of the total sample variance. Conclusions. Possible effects of cluster self-pollution on HB morphology, stronger in more massive clusters, could explain the results derived here.
Degree-based graph construction

Degree-based graph construction is a ubiquitous problem in network modelling (Newman et al 2006 The Structure and Dynamics of Networks (Princeton Studies in Complexity) (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press), Boccaletti et al 2006 Phys. Rep. 424 175), ranging from social sciences to chemical compounds and biochemical reaction networks in the cell. This problem includes existence, enumeration, exhaustive construction and sampling questions with aspects that are still open today. Here we give necessary and sufficient conditions for a sequence of nonnegative integers to be realized as a simple graph's degree sequence, such that a given (but otherwise arbitrary) set of connections from an arbitrarily given node is avoided. We then use this result to present a swap-free algorithm that builds all simple graphs realizing a given degree sequence. In a wider context, we show that our result provides a greedy construction method to build all the f-factor subgraphs (Tutte 1952 Can. J. Math. 4 314) embedded within Kn ∖ Sk, where Kn is the complete graph and Sk is a star graph centred on one of the nodes.
Public-Private Wage Differentials in Ireland, 1994-2001

Are public sector workers in Ireland paid more than private sector employees, when such differences in productivity-related personal attributes and job characteristics are controlled for? We estimate that in 2001 the premium enjoyed by public servants was about 13 per cent. We find that the premium, is significantly bigger for those near the bottom of the earnings distribution than for those near the top, was significantly bigger for women than men in the mid-1990s but not at the end of the 1990s, and does not vary significantly across different levels of educational attainment. We estimate the premium for 2001 to be not significantly different from that estimated for 1994 despite this period a period of exceptionally rapid output and employment growth, and correspondingly sharp tightening of labour market conditions in the Irish economy. The most remarkable difference between our results and those of other researchers for other countries relates to the absolute size of the premium. A number of possible explanations for this difference are discussed.
Neuroimaging Support for Discrete Neural Correlates of Basic Emotions: A Voxel-based Meta-analysis

Abstract What is the basic structure of emotional experience and how is it represented in the human brain? One highly influential theory, discrete basic emotions, proposes a limited set of basic emotions such as happiness and fear, which are characterized by unique physiological and neural profiles. Although many studies using diverse methods have linked particular brain structures with specific basic emotions, evidence from individual neuroimaging studies and from neuroimaging meta-analyses has been inconclusive regarding whether basic emotions are associated with both consistent and discriminable regional brain activations. We revisited this question, using activation likelihood estimation (ALE), which allows spatially sensitive, voxelwise statistical comparison of results from multiple studies. In addition, we examined substantially more studies than previous meta-analyses. The ALE meta-analysis yielded results consistent with basic emotion theory. Each of the emotions examined (fear, anger, disgust, sadness, and happiness) was characterized by consistent neural correlates across studies, as defined by reliable correlations with regional brain activations. In addition, the activation patterns associated with each emotion were discrete (discriminable from the other emotions in pairwise contrasts) and overlapped substantially with structure–function correspondences identified using other approaches, providing converging evidence that discrete basic emotions have consistent and discriminable neural correlates. Complementing prior studies that have demonstrated neural correlates for the affective dimensions of arousal and valence, the current meta-analysis results indicate that the key elements of basic emotion views are reflected in neural correlates identified by neuroimaging studies.
Integration of physical and genetic maps in apple confirms whole-genome and segmental duplications in the apple genome

A total of 355 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were developed, based on expressed sequence tag (EST) and bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC)-end sequence databases, and successfully used to construct an SSR-based genetic linkage map of the apple. The consensus linkage map spanned 1143 cM, with an average density of 2.5 cM per marker. Newly developed SSR markers along with 279 SSR markers previously published by the HiDRAS project were further used to integrate physical and genetic maps of the apple using a PCR-based BAC library screening approach. A total of 470 contigs were unambiguously anchored onto all 17 linkage groups of the apple genome, and 158 contigs contained two or more molecular markers. The genetically mapped contigs spanned ∼421 Mb in cumulative physical length, representing 60.0% of the genome. The sizes of anchored contigs ranged from 97 kb to 4.0 Mb, with an average of 995 kb. The average physical length of anchored contigs on each linkage group was ∼24.8 Mb, ranging from 17.0 Mb to 37.73 Mb. Using BAC DNA as templates, PCR screening of the BAC library amplified fragments of highly homologous sequences from homoeologous chromosomes. Upon integrating physical and genetic maps of the apple, the presence of not only homoeologous chromosome pairs, but also of multiple locus markers mapped to adjacent sites on the same chromosome was detected. These findings demonstrated the presence of both genome-wide and segmental duplications in the apple genome and provided further insights into the complex polyploid ancestral origin of the apple.
A comparison of preplan MRI and preplan CT-based prostate volume with intraoperative ultrasound-based prostate volume in real-time permanent brachytherapy

Purpose The present study compared the difference between intraoperative transrectal ultrasound (iTRUS)-based prostate volume and preplan computed tomography (CT), preplan magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based prostate volume to estimate the number of seeds needed for appropriate dose coverage in permanent brachytherapy for prostate cancer. Materials and Methods Between March 2007 and March 2011, among 112 patients who underwent permanent brachytherapy with 125I, 60 image scans of 56 patients who underwent preplan CT (pCT) or preplan MRI (pMRI) within 2 months before brachytherapy were retrospectively reviewed. Twenty-four cases among 30 cases with pCT and 26 cases among 30 cases with pMRI received neoadjuvant hormone therapy (NHT). In 34 cases, NHT started after acquisition of preplan image. The median duration of NHT after preplan image acquisition was 17 and 21 days for cases with pCT and pMRI, respectively. The prostate volume calculated by different modalities was compared. And retrospective planning with iTRUS image was performed to estimate the number of 125I seed required to obtain recommended dose distribution according to prostate volume. Results The mean difference in prostate volume was 9.05 mL between the pCT and iTRUS and 6.84 mL between the pMRI and iTRUS. The prostate volume was roughly overestimated by 1.36 times with pCT and by 1.33 times with pMRI. For 34 cases which received NHT after image acquisition, the prostate volume was roughly overestimated by 1.45 times with pCT and by 1.37 times with pMRI. A statistically significant difference was found between preplan image-based volume and iTRUS-based volume (p < 0.001). The median number of wasted seeds is approximately 13, when the pCT or pMRI volume was accepted without modification to assess the required number of seeds for brachytherapy. Conclusion pCT-based volume and pMRI-based volume tended to overestimate prostate volume in comparison to iTRUS-based volume. To reduce wasted seeds and cost of the brachytherapy, we should take the volume discrepancy into account when we estimate the number of 125I seeds for permanent brachytherapy.