Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Minimal myocardial damage during coronary intervention is associated with impaired outcome.

AIMS Studies on the glycoprotein IIb-IIIa receptor blocker abciximab in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention consistently show a reduction in procedure-related myocardial infarction. Some such infarcts are characterized by elevated creatine kinase or creatine kinase-MB, without apparent clinical symptoms. The clinical relevance of such 'creatine kinase leaks' has been questioned. Therefore we investigated the relationship between post-procedural creatine kinase-MB elevation and outcome at the 6 month follow-up. METHODS AND RESULTS Creatine kinase-MB, or total creatine kinase values were analysed in 5025 out of 6156 patients enrolled in the CAPTURE, EPIC and EPILOG studies. A consistent gradual increase in 6 month mortality was observed as creatine kinase-MB or creatine kinase levels increased: 1.1%, 2.1%, 1.8%, 3. 6% and 6.7% for creatine-MB or creatine ratios (relative to upper limit of normal) <1, 1-3, 3-5, 5-10 and >/=10, respectively. Also the incidence of death or (recurrent) myocardial infarction was related to creatine kinase-MB or creatine kinase ratios. Subsequent revascularization was not related to periprocedural myocardial infarction. By multivariable analysis, correcting for clinical and angiographic characteristics, mortality at 6 months was related to the enzyme (creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB) ratio, a history of heart failure and age. The combined end-point of death and myocardial infarction was also related to these factors, as well as to a history of bypass surgery and unstable angina. CONCLUSION Modest elevation of cardiac enzymes (creatine kinase-MB, creatine kinase) after percutaneous coronary intervention is associated with an increased risk of mortality and reinfarction during the 6 month follow-up. Measures to reduce such periprocedural infarcts are warranted.
Continuous Planning and Execution for an Autonomous Rover

This paper describes how continuous planning and execution techniques can be used to perform intelligent decision-making for an autonomous Mars rover. The resulting system coordinates low-level rover functionality to achieve science objectives while respecting rover resource and operation constraints. It provides capabilities for schedule generation, execution, monitoring, and dynamic modification to recover from unexpected events or failures. To motivate our system framework, we discuss some of the particular challenges we examine to support an autonomous rover. These challenges include properly interacting with rover navigation software, handling uncertainty in state and resource estimations, as well as effectively balancing methods for deliberative and reactive reasoning. We also describe our experiences in testing this work on two JPL rovers, in an effort to demonstrate capabilities that will support future rover missions to Mars and other planets.
The Adult Substantia Nigra Contains Progenitor Cells with Neurogenic Potential

In Parkinson's disease, progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SN) leads to debilitating motor dysfunction. One current therapy aims at exogenous cellular replacement of dopaminergic function by transplanting fetal midbrain cells into the striatum, the main projection area of the SN. However, results using this approach have shown variable success. It has been proposed that cellular replacement by endogenous stem/progenitor cells may be useful for therapeutic interventions in neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease. Although it is widely accepted that progenitor cells are present in different areas of the adult CNS, it is unclear whether such cells reside in the adult SN and whether they have the potential to replace degenerating neurons. Here, we describe a population of actively dividing progenitor cells in the adult SN, whichin situ give rise to new mature glial cells but not to neurons. However, after removal from the SN, these progenitor cells immediately have the potential to differentiate into neurons. Transplantation of freshly isolated SN progenitor cells into the adult hippocampus showed that these cells also have a neuronal potential under in vivo conditions. These results suggest that progenitor cells reside in the adult SN and can give rise to new neurons when exposed to appropriate environmental signals. This developmental potential of SN progenitor cells might be useful for future endogenous cell replacement strategies in Parkinson's disease.
Stochastic Simultaneous Optimistic Optimization

We study the problem of global maximization of a function f given a finite number of evaluations perturbed by noise. We consider a very weak assumption on the function, namely that it is locally smooth (in some precise sense) with respect to some semi-metric, around one of its global maxima. Compared to previous works on bandits in general spaces (Kleinberg et al., 2008; Bubeck et al., 2011a) our algorithm does not require the knowledge of this semi-metric. Our algorithm, StoSOO, follows an optimistic strategy to iteratively construct upper confidence bounds over the hierarchical partitions of the function domain to decide which point to sample next. A finite-time analysis of StoSOO shows that it performs almost as well as the best specifically-tuned algorithms even though the local smoothness of the function is not known.
Comparison of biophysical and satellite predictors for wheat yield forecasting in Ukraine

Abstract. Winter wheat crop yield forecasting at national, regional and local scales is an extremely important task. This paper aims at assessing the efficiency (in terms of prediction error minimization) of satellite and biophysical model based predictors assimilation into winter wheat crop yield forecasting models at different scales (region, county and field) for one of the regions in central part of Ukraine. Vegetation index NDVI, as well as different biophysical parameters (LAI and fAPAR) derived from satellite data and WOFOST crop growth model are considered as predictors of winter wheat crop yield forecasting model. Due to very short time series of reliable statistics (since 2000) we consider single factor linear regression. It is shown that biophysical parameters (fAPAR and LAI) are more preferable to be used as predictors in crop yield forecasting regression models at each scale. Correspondent models possess much better statistical properties and are more reliable than NDVI based model. The most accurate result in current study has been obtained for LAI values derived from SPOT-VGT (at 1 km resolution) on county level. At field level, a regression model based on satellite derived LAI significantly outperforms the one based on LAI simulated with WOFOST.
Overcoming Market Constraints on Pro-Poor Agricultural Growth in Sub-Saharan Africa

In sub-Saharan Africa, there is fairly broad agreement that increased investment in key public goods such as roads and communications infrastructure, agricultural research and water control will be required if revitalised agricultural development is to take place. However, it has proved more difficult to reach agreement on what needs to be done to improve the performance of agricultural markets. In this article we set out an agenda for investment and policy reform in this area, providing a brief theoretical examination of the co-ordination problems involved before examining in turn demand and supply constraints affecting smallholder farmers, and policies for price stabilisation and the co-ordination of support services. We also argue that increased attention needs to be paid to governance issues.
Mod (2p + 1)-Orientations and $K1,2p+1-Decompositions

In this paper, we establish an equivalence between the contractible graphs with respect to the mod $(2p+1)$-orientability and the graphs with $K_{1, 2p+1}$-decompositions. This is applied to disprove a conjecture proposed by Barat and Thomassen that every 4-edge-connected simple planar graph $G$ with $|E(G)|\equiv 0$ (mod 3) has a claw decomposition.
Phosphorylation-regulated axonal dependent transport of syntaxin 1 is mediated by a Kinesin-1 adapter

Presynaptic nerve terminals are formed from preassembled vesicles that are delivered to the prospective synapse by kinesin-mediated axonal transport. However, precisely how the various cargoes are linked to the motor proteins remains unclear. Here, we report a transport complex linking syntaxin 1a (Stx) and Munc18, two proteins functioning in synaptic vesicle exocytosis at the presynaptic plasma membrane, to the motor protein Kinesin-1 via the kinesin adaptor FEZ1. Mutation of the FEZ1 ortholog UNC-76 in Caenorhabditis elegans causes defects in the axonal transport of Stx. We also show that binding of FEZ1 to Kinesin-1 and Munc18 is regulated by phosphorylation, with a conserved site (serine 58) being essential for binding. When expressed in C. elegans, wild-type but not phosphorylation-deficient FEZ1 (S58A) restored axonal transport of Stx. We conclude that FEZ1 operates as a kinesin adaptor for the transport of Stx, with cargo loading and unloading being regulated by protein kinases.
Using  $\BBH_{2}$-Control Performance Metrics for the Optimal Actuator Location of Distributed Parameter Systems

This paper is concerned with the use of H2-control performance metrics in finding optimal actuator locations for a class of infinite-dimensional systems. Conditions that guarantee convergence of the optimal actuator location for the finite-dimensional representation of the infinite-dimensional system to the optimal actuator location of the original infinite-dimensional system are provided. Minimizing an H2-performance index, parameterized by the possible actuator locations and disturbance functions, leads to optimal locations that in addition to enhanced performance, also provide robustness with respect to the spatial distribution of disturbances. Numerical studies for a cantilever beam and a diffusion problem are used to demonstrate the effects of the spatial distribution of disturbances on the optimal actuator location. The effect of the diffusivity parameter on the best actuator locations is also considered.
What are the Expectations of Disabled Learners when Participating in a MOOC?

Massive Online Open Courses (MOOCs) are making low cost learning opportunities available at large scale to diverse groups of learners. For that reason, MOOCs need to be accessible so that they can offer flexibility of learning and benefits to all. In order to direct efforts towards developing accessible MOOCs, it is important to understand the current expectations of disabled learners. Analysis of data from MOOC surveys that support disclosure of disability provide quantitative information such as the proportions participating in MOOCs; their reasons for participating, and the types of MOOCs they prefer. This paper presents analysis of pre- and post-study survey data from eight MOOCs offered by the UK's Open University on the FutureLearn platform. Results from disabled learners are compared with those of other learners and preliminary findings are used to frame an agenda for our further work.
Diagnostic value of serum adenosine deaminase level in pulmonary tuberculosis

Background: In some studies, the level of adenosine deaminase (ADA) in sputum and effusion liquids was used for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). But it is not always possible to access these materials. The goal of this study is to assess the diagnostic value of serum ADA levels in pulmonary TB patients. Materials and Methods: In this study, 40 sputum smear-positive TB patients who were hospitalized and 40 non-TB patients who referred for surgeries were selected. A serum sample was collected and serum ADA level was measured by ADA kit. Results: The average (SD) of serum ADA in TB and non-TB patients were 20.88 (±5.97) and 10.69 (±2.98) U/L, respectively (P value < 0.05). The best cut-off point was 14 U/L. The calculated area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.955 (95% CI, 0.914-0.995); sensitivity was 92.7% (95% CI, 84.7-100) and specificity was 88.1% (95% CI, 78.3-97.8) (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Serum ADA level may be proposed as a proper index for TB diagnosis.
Experimental test of the affect-regulation theory of bulimic symptoms and substance use: a randomized trial.

OBJECTIVE Conduct a randomized trial to test whether a cognitive behavioral intervention designed to decrease depressive symptoms produces subsequent decreases in bulimic and substance use symptoms. METHOD Female participants (N = 145) with elevated depressive symptoms were randomly assigned to a 4-session depression intervention or a measurement-only condition and assessed through 6-month follow-up. RESULTS Relative to control participants, intervention participants showed decreases in depressive symptoms. Intervention participants also showed significantly greater reductions in bulimic symptoms, but not substance use, and change in depressive symptoms mediated this effect for bulimic symptoms. CONCLUSION The results provide experimental support for the theory that affect disturbances contribute to bulimic pathology, but do not support the affect regulation theory of substance use.
Moissanite in serpentinite from the Dabie Mountains in China

Abstract Although moissanite has been found in various rocks, reliable primary moissanite has been reported only from kimberlites and meteorites. The Dabie Mountain moissanite reported in this paper is the first occurrence of primary moissanite hosted by serpentinite. It differs from synthetic silicon carbide in optical properties, inclusions and infrared spectrum. The biaxiality of the Dabie Mountain moissanite is thought to be the result of intracrystal deformation. In reference to the ultrahigh pressure (7−8 GPa) signature of exsolution of rod-like apatite, clinopyroxene and rutile in garnets, and magnetite lamellae in olivine reported in the Dabieshan, we inferred that the moissanite from the Dabie Mountains was probably generated at a depth of 180 km; and then subducted to a depth of 210−250 km, where the moissanite became biaxial before its exhumation.
Extinction is not a sufficient condition to prevent fear memories from undergoing reconsolidation in the basolateral amygdala

Consolidated memories when reactivated may return to a state that requires protein synthesis in order to be restabilized (reconsolidation). It has been shown in a variety of systems that if reactivation induces significant extinction then extinction is the protein synthesis dependent memory state, rather than reconsolidation. Thus, extinction consolidation may prevent the memory from undergoing reconsolidation. We investigated whether such an interaction also exists between extinction and reconsolidation of fear memories within the amygdala, by using a within subjects experimental design. We found that inhibition of protein synthesis in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) impaired reconsolidation for both the briefly reactivated and extinguished fear memories suggesting that extinction is not a sufficient condition to prevent induction of reconsolidation in the amygdala. These findings demonstrate that extinction consolidation does not always interact with reconsolidation. Therefore, under these conditions, extinction is not a boundary condition on reconsolidation of fear memories in the basolateral amygdala.
Linear Trends of Temperature at Intermediate and Deep Layers of the North Atlantic and the North Pacific Oceans: 1957–1981

Abstract Using all available hydrographic station data on ocean temperature observations from World Data Center-B (Obninsk, Russia), investigation of temperature changes in the North Atlantic and North Pacific oceans within the depth range of 300 to 3000 m has been carried out for the period 1957–1981. Results of statistical data analysis show that in the upper layer to about 500-m depths of both oceans, on average, seawater temperature declined. Deeper than 500–600 m in the North Pacific Ocean, no significant temperature changes have been revealed for this 25-year time interval. On average, for the North Atlantic Ocean, a statistically significant temperature rise (about 0.1°C 25 yr−1) is observed in the 800- to 2500-m layer.
Conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas comunitarias en un brote de Dengue en un municipio de Colombia, 2010

Objetivo Entre las semanas epidemiologicas 5-6/12-13/2010, se notificaron 17 casos de dengue provenientes del municipio El-Playon (7°28'15"-N/73°12'00"-W/510msnm). El 16/04/2010 despues del Comite de Vigilancia Epidemiologica, la Secretaria de Salud de Santander decidio realizar la investigacion y determinar los conocimientos-actitudes-practicas (CAP) comunitarias frente al brote para fortalecer acciones municipales de promocion-prevencion-control del Aedes aegypti. Metodos Estudio descriptivo de investigacion de brote: a. Busqueda activa de casos con cuadro clinico de dengue, segun definicion del protocolo; b. Encuesta entomologica; y, c. Encuesta CAP a 47 personas seleccionadas con muestreo aleatorio-simple. Sistematizacion/analisis con Epi-Info-3.5. 1®, medidas de frecuencia-tendencia central-razon de masculinidad (RM); indices de: vivienda aegypti (IVAe)-depositos (Idp)-Breteau (IB). Resultados a) Registros Individuales de Prestadores de Servicios con diagnosticos diferenciales para dengue 67/4 774; notificados 24(75 % municipio/25 % departamento); mujeres 15(63 %), hombres 9(38 %); urbanos 20(83 %), rurales 4(17 %). Tasa de ataque/incidencia acumulada: inicial=0,3 %(17/6 303), final=0,4 %(24/6 303), RM=1:5; b) Depositos inspeccionados 142; positividad/tipo de criadero: tanques-bajos=8,7 %(4/46), llantas=8,3 %(1/12), diversos=4,4 %(2/45) y plantas=2,9 %(1/34); IVAe=5 %, Idp=6 %, IB=17 %; determinacion taxonomica 15 %(7/47); c) Encuesta-CAP, mujeres 36(77 %), hombres 11(23 %); conocian el dengue/signos/sintomas 44(94 %); elimino criaderos 32(68 %); consulto por dengue 3(6 %); opino "todos somos responsables del control" 25(53 %). Conclusiones Se evidencio una comunidad conocedora de factores de riesgo y consciente de su responsabilidad para el control del vector. Se propone promover la participacion comunitaria en funcion del ecosistema como herramienta para controlar el mosquito y la transmision del dengue.
Prostate Cancer Detection via a Quantitative Radiomics-Driven Conditional Random Field Framework

The use of high-volume quantitative radiomics features extracted from multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging (MP-MRI) is gaining attraction for the autodetection of prostate tumors, since it provides a plethora of mineable data, which can be used for both detection and prognosis of prostate cancer. While current voxel-resolution radiomics-driven prostate tumor detection approaches utilize quantitative radiomics features associated with individual voxels on an independent basis, the incorporation of additional information regarding the spatial and radiomics feature relationships between voxels has significant potential for achieving a more reliable detection performance. Motivated by this, we present a novel approach for automatic prostate cancer detection using a radiomics-driven conditional random field (RD-CRF) framework. In addition to the high-throughput extraction and utilization of a comprehensive set of voxel-level quantitative radiomics features, the proposed RD-CRF framework leverages inter-voxel spatial and radiomics feature relationships to ensure that the autodetected tumor candidates exhibit interconnected tissue characteristics reflective of cancerous tumors. We evaluated the performance of the proposed framework using clinical prostate MP-MRI data of 20 patients, and the results of RD-CRF framework demonstrated a clear improvement with respect to the state-of-the-art in quantitative radiomics for automatic voxel-resolution prostate cancer detection.
Variability in leaf optical properties among 26 species from a broad range of habitats.

Leaves from 26 species with growth forms from annual herbs to trees were collected from open, intermediate, and shaded understory habitats in Mississippi and Kansas, USA. Leaf optical properties including reflectance, transmittance, and absorptance in visible and near infrared (NIR) wavelengths were measured along with leaf thickness and specific leaf mass (SLM). These leaf properties and internal light scattering have been reported to vary with light availability in studies that have focused on a limited number of species. Our objective was to determine whether these patterns in leaf optics and light availability were consistent when a greater number of species were evaluated. Leaf thickness and SLM varied by tenfold among species sampled, but within-habitat variance was high. Although there was a strong trend toward thicker leaves in open habitats, only SLM was significantly greater in open vs. understory habitats. In contrast, leaf optical properties were strikingly similar among habitats. Reflectance and reflectance/transmittance in the NIR were used to estimate internal light scattering and there were strong relationships (r1 > 0.65) between these optical properties and leaf thickness. We concluded that leaf thickness, which did not vary consistently among habitats, was the best predictor of NIR reflectance and internal light scattering. However, because carbon allocation to leaves was lower in understory species (low SLM) yet gross optical properties were similar among all habitats, the energy investment by shade leaves required to achieve optical equivalence with sun leaves was lower. Differences in leaf longevity and growth form within a habitat may help explain the lack of consistent patterns in leaf optics as the number of species sampled increases.
Double‐pass, low‐fluence laser treatment using a large spot‐size 1,450 nm laser improves acne

Laser treatment using a 1,450 nm diode laser has been shown to improve acne and acne scarring. Its widespread adoption in younger populations has been significantly limited by discomfort. A new double‐pass protocol reduced pain, but doubled treatment time. A new laser with a fourfold larger area treatment beam was developed to decrease treatment time and improve efficacy.
Tangential Alexander polynomials and non-reduced degeneration

We introduce a notion of tangential Alexander polynomials for plane curves and study the relation with $\theta$^Alexander polynomial. As an application, we use these polynomials to study a non-reduced degeneration $C_t \to D_0+jL$. We show that there exists a certain surjectivity of the fundamental groups and divisibility among their Alexander polynomials.
Are Building Codes Effective at Saving Energy? Evidence from Residential Billing Data in Florida

Abstract We evaluate the effect of a change in the energy code applied to buildings using residential billing data on electricity and natural gas, combined with data on observable characteristics of each residence. The study is based on comparisons between residences constructed just before and after an increase in the stringency of Florida's energy code in 2002. We find that the code change is associated with a decrease in the consumption of electricity by 4% and natural gas by 6%. We estimate average social and private payback periods that range between 3.5 and 6.4 years.