Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The relationships among competitive orientation, sport-confidence, self- efficacy, anxiety and performance.

We examined the relationships among trait and state psychological variables and performance in male high school distance runners using the Sport Orientation Questionnaire (SOQ; Gill & Deeter, 1988), the Competitive Orientation Inventory (COI; Vealey, 1986), the Trait Sport-Confidence Inventory (TSCI; Vealey, 1986), the State Sport-Confidence Inventory (SSCI; Vealey, 1986), the Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 (CSAI-2; Martens, Burton, Vealey, Bump, & Smith, 1990), and separate self-efficacy scales for performance (time) and outcome (place). As hypothesized, trait sport-confidence predicted state sport-confidence and outcome self-efficacy. However, competitive orientation did not contribute to the prediction of state measures. State sport-confidence and self-efficacy predicted performance, as hypothesized. Surprisingly, outcome self-efficacy was a stronger predictor than performance self-efficacy, which did not contribute to the prediction of performance time or place. The runners' youth and lack of c.
Phylogenetic Insights into Chinese Rubus (Rosaceae) from Multiple Chloroplast and Nuclear DNAs

Rubus L. is a large and taxonomically complex genus, species of which exhibit apomixis, polyploidy, and frequent hybridization. Most of Chinese Rubus are assigned in two major sections, Idaeobatus and Malachobatus. To explore the phylogenetic relationships within Chinese Rubus, inferences upon three chloroplast DNA (rbcL, rpl20-rps12, and trnG-trnS), nuclear ribosomal ITS, and two low-copy nuclear markers (GBSSI-2 and PEPC) were deduced in 142 Rubus taxa from 17 subsections in 6 sections. nrITS and GBSSI-2 were the most informative among the six DNA regions assessed. Phylogenetic relationships within Rubus were well-resolved by combined nuclear datasets rather than chloroplast markers. The phylogenetic inferences strongly supported that section Idaeobatus was a polyphyletic group with four distant clades. All samples of sect. Malachobatus formed a monophyletic clade, in which R. tsangorum and R. amphidasys of sect. Dalibardastrum, and R. peltatus from subsection Peltati of sect. Idaeobatus were always nested. Rubus pentagonus (2n = 2x = 14) from subsect. Alpestres of sect. Idaeobatus was a sister group to the polyploid sect. Malachobatus, as well as the polytomy of three sect. Cyalctis members. This suggests that some polyploids of Malachobatus might originate from common ancestors, via polyploidization of hybrids between R. pentagonus and sect. Cylactis species. They had experienced species explosion in a short time. Section Dalibardastrum species have potential parental lineages from subsects. Moluccani and Stipulosi of sect. Malachobatus. Based on molecular phylogenies, we also provided recommendations for the taxonomic treatments of four taxa. In addition, our results showed certain incongruence between chloroplast and nuclear markers, which might be due to hybridization and introgression.
On the eigenvalues of Euclidean distance matrices

In this paper, the notion of equitable partitions (EP) is used to study the eigenvalues of Euclidean distance matrices (EDMs). In particular, EP is used to obtain the characteristic polynomials of regular EDMs and non-spherical centrally symmetric EDMs. The paper also presents methods for constructing cospectral EDMs and EDMs with exactly three distinct eigenvalues.
On optimizing test cost for Wafer-to-Wafer 3D-stacked ICs

The increasing demand for more sophisticated ICs with more functionality mostly was realized by downscaling and increasing the number of transistors. A technology that promises further increase of transistor density (in addition with heterogeneous integration, better performance and less power dissipation at a smaller footprint) is the three-dimensional stacked ICs (3D-SICs). Several stacking approaches are under development to manufacture such 3D-SICs. Wafer-to-Wafer (W2W) stacking seems the most favorable approach when high manufacturing throughput, thinned wafers and small die handling is required. However, efficient and optimal test approaches to satisfy the required quality are still subject to research. Each manufactured 3D-SIC undergoes a test and therefore optimizing test cost will have a large overall impact. This paper discusses test cost optimization for W2W 3D-SICs. It first introduces a framework covering different test flows for 3D W2W ICs. Test flows that include pre-bond tests can benefit from wafer matching; in wafer matching a software algorithm is used to increase the compound yield by stacking wafers with similar fault distributions. Subsequently, the paper proposes a cost model to evaluate and estimate the impact of test flows on the overall 3D-SIC cost. Our simulation results show that test flows with pre-bond testing in general significantly reduce the overall cost. These test flows benefit mostly from the yield increase due to wafer matching.
The Quantum Measurement Problem: State of Play

This is a preliminary version of an article to appear in the forthcoming Ashgate Companion to the New Philosophy of Physics.In it, I aim to review, in a way accessible to foundationally interested physicists as well as physics-informed philosophers, just where we have got to in the quest for a solution to the measurement problem. I don't advocate any particular approach to the measurement problem (not here, at any rate! ) but I do focus on the importance of decoherence theory to modern attempts to solve the measurement problem, and I am fairly sharply critical of some aspects of the "traditional" formulation of the problem.
Topic selection sequences in aphasia conversation groups

ABSTRACT Background: Facilitated group conversation is a feature of many programs designed to help persons with aphasia (PWA) recover from neurogenic injuries. While researchers have studied various aspects of this therapy approach, one facet of facilitated group conversations for aphasia that has been mentioned in the literature, but that remains to be investigated, is the process of topic selection. Aims: The aim of the qualitative study documented here was to examine how experienced facilitators and conversation group members with aphasia select topics for discussion during the opening moments of conversations. Methods & Procedures: We video recorded aphasia conversations groups lead by three highly skilled facilitators from three sites. The initial portions of these conversations constituted the data source in this study. We conducted a conversation analysis to shed light on how aphasia conversation groups select topics at the start of interaction. Further, we focused on the resources interactants deploy during conversation such as verbal language as well as the array of other meaningful signs that have been found to play an important role in interaction. Outcomes & Results: Analysis revealed that facilitators and group members with aphasia engaged in three main topic selection processes during the initial portions of the conversations: nomination and pursuit, topic-initial elicitation and listing sequences. A number of external artifacts, including newspapers, papers and pencils, and whiteboards, formed part of the functional communicative system observed in the data. Conclusions: The sessions analyzed here illustrate that when appropriate attitudes and supports are present, PWA can meaningfully participate in complex communicative processes such as topic selection. Creating modes of interaction that promote active involvement for PWA during topic selection and the other phases of conversation may play a small but significant role in fostering the feelings of agency and increased self-esteem that stroke survivors who take part in group conversation report.
Testing Modified Gravity with Globular Cluster Velocity Dispersions

Globular clusters (GCs) in the Milky Way have characteristic velocity dispersions that are consistent with the predictions of Newtonian gravity, and may be at odds with Modified Newtonian Dynamics (MOND). We discuss a modified gravity (MOG) theory that successfully predicts galaxy rotation curves, galaxy cluster masses and velocity dispersions, lensing, and cosmological observations, yet produces predictions consistent with Newtonian theory for smaller systems, such as GCs. MOG produces velocity dispersion predictions for GCs that are independent of the distance from the Galactic center, which may not be the case for MOND. New observations of distant GCs may produce strong criteria that can be used to distinguish between competing gravitational theories.
Use of Thiopurines in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Consensus Statement by the Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases (KASID)

Background/Aims For decades, thiopurines have been the mainstay of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatment and will play an important role in the future. However, complex metabolism and various side effects limit the use of these potent drugs in clinical practice. The Korean Association for the Study of Intestinal Diseases developed a set of consensus statements with the aim of guiding clinicians on the appropriate use of thiopurines in the management of IBD. Methods Sixteen statements were initially drafted by five committee members. The quality of evidence and classification of recommendation were assessed according to the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. The statements were then circulated to IBD experts in Korea for review, feedback, and then finalized and accepted by voting at the consensus meeting. Results The consensus statements comprised four parts: (1) pre-treatment evaluation and management strategy, including value of thiopurine S-methyltransferase screening, dosing schedule, and novel biomarkers for predicting thiopurine-induced leukopenia; (2) treatment with thiopurines with regards to optimal duration of thiopurine treatment and long-term outcomes of combination therapy with anti-tumor necrosis factors; (3) safety of thiopurines, especially during pregnancy and lactation; and (4) monitoring side effects or efficacy of therapy using biomarkers. Conclusions Thiopurines are an effective treatment option for patients with IBD. Management decisions should be individualized according to the risk of relapse and adverse events.
MALDI-TOF MS and CD Spectral Analysis for Identification and Structure Prediction of a Purified, Novel, Organic Solvent Stable, Fibrinolytic Metalloprotease from Bacillus cereus B80

The ability to predict protein function from structure is becoming increasingly important; hence, elucidation and determination of protein structure become the major steps in proteomics. The present study was undertaken for identification of metalloprotease produced by Bacillus cereus B80 and recognition of characteristics that can be industrially exploited. The enzyme was purified in three steps combining precipitation and chromatographic methods resulting in 33.5% recovery with 13.1-fold purification of enzyme which was detected as a single band with a molecular mass of 26 kDa approximately in SDS-PAGE and zymogram. The MALDI-TOF MS showed that the enzyme exhibited 70–93% similarity with zinc metalloproteases from various strains Bacillus sp. specifically from Bacillus cereus group. The sequence alignment revealed the presence of zinc-binding region VVVHEMCHMV in the most conserved C terminus region. Secondary structure of the enzyme was obtained by CD spectra and I-TASSER. The enzyme kinetics revealed a Michaelis constant (K m) of 0.140 μmol/ml and V max of 2.11 μmol/min. The application studies showed that the enzyme was able to hydrolyze various proteins with highest affinity towards casein followed by BSA and gelatin. The enzyme exhibited strong fibrinolytic, collagenolytic, and gelatinolytic properties and stability in various organic solvents.
Implementing College and Career Readiness: Critical Dimensions for Youth with Severe Disabilities

Focused attention to the Common Core State Standards (CCSS) and college and career readiness (CCR) has been attributed to increased secondary school reform efforts directed at ensuring all students graduate high school prepared for adulthood. To successfully experience college and careers, students must have the knowledge, skills, and experiences associated with engagement in core academics, as well as essential nonacademic competencies such as growth mindsets, problem-solving, and interpersonal engagement. This study sought out insights and perspectives from national experts to understand the skills, opportunities, and supports needed to ensure students with severe disabilities are college and career ready. The study offers research results focused on initial insights supportive of inclusive postsecondary outcomes for youth with severe disabilities.
How Evolution Learns to Generalise: Principles of under-fitting, over-fitting and induction in the evolution of developmental organisation

One of the most intriguing questions in evolution is how organisms exhibit suitable phenotypic variation to rapidly adapt in novel selective environments which is crucial for evolvability. Recent work showed that when selective environments vary in a systematic manner, it is possible that development can constrain the phenotypic space in regions that are evolutionarily more advantageous. Yet, the underlying mechanism that enables the spontaneous emergence of such adaptive developmental constraints is poorly understood. How can natural selection, given its myopic and conservative nature, favour developmental organisations that facilitate adaptive evolution in future previously unseen environments? Such capacity suggests a form of \textit{foresight} facilitated by the ability of evolution to accumulate and exploit information not only about the particular phenotypes selected in the past, but regularities in the environment that are also relevant to future environments. Here we argue that the ability of evolution to discover such regularities is analogous to the ability of learning systems to generalise from past experience. Conversely, the canalisation of evolved developmental processes to past selective environments and failure of natural selection to enhance evolvability in future selective environments is directly analogous to the problem of over-fitting and failure to generalise in machine learning. We show that this analogy arises from an underlying mechanistic equivalence by showing that conditions corresponding to those that alleviate over-fitting in machine learning enhance the evolution of generalised developmental organisations under natural selection. This equivalence provides access to a well-developed theoretical framework that enables us to characterise the conditions where natural selection will find general rather than particular solutions to environmental conditions.
Real-time characterization of particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ambient aerosols and from motor-vehicle exhaust

A photo-electric aerosol sensor, a diffusion charger, an Aethalometer, and a continuous particle counter were used along with other real-time instruments to char- acterize the particle-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (p-PAH) content, and the physical/chemical characteristics of aerosols collected a) in Wilmington (CA) near the Los Angeles port and close to 2 major freeways, and b) at a dy- namometer testing facility in downtown Los Angeles (CA), where 3 diesel trucks were tested. In Wilmington, the p-PAH, surface area, particle number, and "black" carbon concentra- tions were 4-8 times higher at 09:00-11:00 a.m. than between 17:00 and 18:00 p.m. , suggesting that during rush hour traf- fic people living in that area are exposed to a higher num- ber of diesel combustion particles enriched in p-PAH coat- ings. Dynamometer tests revealed that the p-PAH emissions from the "baseline" truck (no catalytic converter) were up to 200 times higher than those from the 2 vehicles equipped with advanced emission control technologies, and increased when the truck was accelerating. In Wilmington, integrated filter samples were collected and analyzed to determine the concentrations of the most abundant p-PAHs. A correla- tion between the total p-PAH concentration (µg/m 3 ) and the measured photo-electric aerosol sensor signal (fA) was also established. Estimated ambient p-PAH concentrations (Av- erage=0.64 ng/m 3 ; Standard deviation=0.46 ng/m 3 ) were in good agreement with those reported in previous studies con- ducted in Los Angeles during a similar time period. Finally, we calculated the approximate theoretical lifetime (70 years per 24-h/day) lung-cancer risk in the Wilmington area due to inhalation of multi-component p-PAHs and "black" carbon. Our results indicate that the lung-cancer risk is highest dur- ing rush hour traffic and lowest in the afternoon, and that the
Ways of Knowing and Appraisals of Intellectual Activities

Title: The American journal of psychology. ArticleTitle: Ways of Knowing and Appraisal of Intellectual Activities ArticleAuthor: Galotti, Kathleen M. , Schneekloth, Michael J., Smith, Anna P., Bou Mansour, Carl, & Nixon, Andrea Li Vol: 131 No: 1 Date: Spring 2018 Pages: 53-63 OCLC 1408768; ISSN 00029556; Publisher: Urbana University of Illinois Press Source: 1408768 OCLC Copyright: CCG
Efficiency of using RAPD and ISSR markers in evaluation of genetic diversity in sugar beet

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and intersimple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers were used for comparative analysis of genetic variation in 42 sugar beet accessions. A total of 24 polymorphic primers (12 RAPD and 12 ISSR) were used. The RAPD primers generated 204 amplification products and the ISSR primers produced 178 fragments, 190 and 173 of which were polymorphic, respectively. The average polymorphism level with the ISSR markers (97.2%) was higher than that with the RAPD primers (93%). High genetic diversity indices for both marker types (0.86 for RAPD and 0.91 for ISSR) suggested that these methods were equally effective in determining genetic variation in sugar beet accessions. Cluster analysis of the RAPD, ISSR, and combined datasets revealed similar grouping patterns. However, the dendrogram created from analysis of the combined RAPD+ISSR data was more similar to the RAPD-only dendrogram than the ISSR-only analysis, indicating that RAPD could determine genetic diversity with higher resolution than ISSR in the cultivars tested. High correlation between the RAPD and ISSR marker systems was shown using a Mantel test (r = 0.92). Screening a higher number of anonymous loci in sugar beet using these molecular markers will enable the selection of the best parent cultivars for the development of novel varieties.
The Intellectual Core and Impact of the Knowledge Management Academic Discipline

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is two‐fold: to explore the intellectual core of the knowledge management (KM) academic discipline in order to test whether it exhibits signs of a reference discipline; and to analyze the theoretical and practical impact of the discipline.Design/methodology/approach – The most influential articles published in the Journal of Knowledge Management were selected and their cited and citing works were scientometrically analysed.Findings – The KM discipline: builds its knowledge primarily upon research reports published in the English language; successfully disseminates its knowledge in both English and non‐English publications; does not exhibit a problematic self‐citation behavior; uses books and practitioner journals in the development of KM theory; converts experiential knowledge into academic knowledge; is not yet a reference discipline, but is progressing well towards becoming one; exerts a somewhat limited direct impact on practice; and is not a scientific fad.Practical.
Existential Angst and Meaning Making in Narratives of Lithuanian Survivors of Soviet Political Deportations

Experiences related to forced deportations of ethnic Lithuanians as part of Stalin’s political genocide were explored in the narratives of six survivors. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was chosen for its idiographic and interpretive focus on the meanings and individual sense-making of lived experiences. Semistructured interviews were conducted, and the data were analyzed for emergent superordinate themes and subthemes. The results revealed three superordinate themes, which reflect three stages of the participants’ experience of Soviet political persecutions: the Existential Shock of Arrest and Deportation, the Angst of Survival and Identity Negotiation during the Exile, and Rebuilding Life and Seeking Meaning after Amnesty. Subthemes highlighted various dimensions of the effects of political repressions as well as coping mechanisms employed by the survivors. Additionally, the results examined how the participants made meaning of their experiences and explored their perceptions of long-term consequences of trauma associated with political repressions. The article provides an existential and liberation/postcolonial theoretical framework for understanding political violence and concludes with implications for clinical practices with survivors of political persecutions perpetuated against ethnic groups around the world.
Body Language: Embodied Perception of Emotion Similarities and Differences in Neurofunctional Basis of Faces and Bodies Emotional Modulation of Body Selective Areas

List of abbreviations AMG = amygdala; almond-shaped nucleus in anterior temporal lobe EBA = extrastriate body area; brain area lying in temporal-occipital sulcus which is specifically involved in processing bodies EEG = electroencephalography; a method to measure electrical activity from the scalp related to cortical activity ERP = event-related potential; EEG waves time locked to specific stimuli FBA = fusiform body area; brain area in the fusiform gyrus that is specifically involved in processing bodies FFA = fusiform face area; brain area in the fusiform gyrus that is specifically involved in processing faces FG = fusiform gyrus; part of the temporal lobe that is involved in visual processing fMRI = functional magnetic resonance imaging; brain imaging method that measures the hemodynamic response (change in blood flow) related to neural activity in the brain hMT+/V5 = human motion area; brain area specifically processing movement 2 IOG = inferior occipital gyrus IFG = inferior frontal gyrus MEG = magnetoencephalography; a neuroimaging technique that measures magnetic fields produced by electrical activity in the brain N170 = ERP component originating from lateral occipitotemporal cortex specifically related to a late stage in the early visual encoding of faces OFA = occipital face area; brain area in inferior occipital gyrus known to be involved in face processing P1 = very early ERP component related to very early visual processing PET = positron emission tomography; brain imaging method whereby radioactive tracers are injected into the blood stream PM = premotor cortex STS = superior temporal sulcus; posterior part is involved in processing biological motion TPJ = temporo-parietal junction V1 = primary visual cortex INTRODUCTION In everyday life, we are continuously confronted with other people. How they behave and move around has a direct influence on us whether we are aware of it or not. In communication, we are generally focused on the face. For this reason, emotion research in the past has focused on faces. Also, facial expressions seem to have universal consistency. However, bodily expressions are just as well recognized as facial expressions, they can be seen from a distance and are from evolutionary perspective much older. Body language therefore has a high communicative role 3 albeit we are less aware of it. Models on facial expression processing might also work for understanding bodily expressions. Similar brain regions seem to get activated for both, but although faces show the mental states of people, body postures in …