Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Mining Statistically Significant Associations for Exploratory Analysis of Human Sleep Data

We introduce a specialized association rule mining technique that can extract patterns from complex sleep data comprising polysomnographic recordings, clinical summaries, and sleep questionnaire responses. The rules mined can describe associations among temporally annotated events and questionnaire or summary data; e.g., the likelihood that an occurrence of a rapid eye movement (REM) sleep stage during the second 100 sleep epochs of the night is associated with moderate caffeine intake. We use chi2 analysis to ensure statistical significance of the mined rules at the level P<0.05. Our results, obtained by mining sleep-related data from 242 human subjects, reveal clinically interesting associations among the polysomnographic and summary variables. Our experience suggests that association mining may also be useful for selection of variables prior to using logistic regression
RSS improvement in VANETs by auxilliary transmission at 700 MHz

Communication in Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) is standardized at frequencies around 5.9 GHz in Europe and USA. In this paper we demonstrate by simulation that using a supplementary lower frequency, e.g., around 700 MHz, the Received Signal Strength (RSS) is improved, enabling the communication in areas where obstacles obstruct the communication at 5.9 GHz.
Constructing the ‘ideal’ family for family‐centred practice: challenges for delivery

Family‐centred practice positions families as the key decision‐makers, central to and experts in the wants and needs of their child. This paper discusses how families interviewed for a Western Australian study describe their relationships with a range of allied health professionals in the paediatric disability sector. The allied health professionals, in turn, describe how they characterize the role of families caring for children with disabilities. We argue that the successful implementation of family‐ centred principles in service delivery need to move beyond the individualizing of responsibility and acknowledge the structural and systemic limits to family‐centred practice, as well as the social complexity within which diverse families live.
Software-Defined Adversarial Trajectory Sampling

Today's routing protocols critically rely on the assumption that the underlying hardware is trusted. Given the increasing number of attacks on network devices, and recent reports on hardware backdoors this assumption has become questionable. Indeed, with the critical role computer networks play today, the contrast between our security assumptions and reality is problematic. This paper presents Software-Defined Adversarial Trajectory Sampling (SoftATS), an OpenFlow-based mechanism to efficiently monitor packet trajectories, also in the presence of non-cooperating or even adversarial switches or routers, e.g., containing hardware backdoors. Our approach is based on a secure, redundant and adaptive sample distribution scheme which allows us to provably detect adversarial switches or routers trying to reroute, mirror, drop, inject, or modify packets (i.e., header and/or payload). We evaluate the effectiveness of our approach in different adversarial settings, report on a proof-of-concept implementation, and provide a first evaluation of the performance overheads of such a scheme.
Psychological status in Iranian patients with ulcerative colitis and its relation to disease activity and quality of life

Background: Psychological profile of inflammatory bowel disease patients is not well studied in Iran. We investigated the psychological status of Iranian patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and its relationship with disease activity and quality of life (QOL). Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on adult UC patients. The Lichtiger Colitis Activity Index, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, General Health Questionnaire-12, and WHOQOL-BREF, were completed by the patients. Results: From 120 studied patients, 35 (29.2%), 48 (40.0%), and 46 (38.3%) had significant anxiety, depression, and psychological distress, respectively. Anxiety, depression, and psychological distress were strongly correlated with disease activity (r = 0.357 to 0.439, P < 0.01). Disease activity was negatively correlated with all QOL dimensions (r = −0.245 to −0.550, P < 0.01). Anxiety, depression, and psychological distress were also negatively correlated with all QOL domains (r = −0.356 to −0.789, P < 0.01). In the regression models, anxiety was independently associated with active disease (β = 4.150, P = 0.049). Furthermore, disease activity was associated with the physical health (β = −0.371, P < 0.001). For almost all of the QOL domains, depression and psychological distress were independent predictors (β = −0.296 to −0.453, P < 0.001). Conclusion: Anxiety, depression, and psychological distress are highly frequent in UC patients of our society and are strongly associated with disease activity. Depression and psychological distress are important predictors of poor QOL in these patients. Further prospective studies, as well as clinical trials, are warranted in this regard.
Approximate range searching in the absolute error model

Range searching is a well known problem in computational geometry. We consider this problem in the context of approximation, where an approximation parameter e > 0 is provided. Most prior work on this problem has focused on the relative error model, where each range shape R is bounded, and points within distance e · diam(R) of the range's boundary may or may not be included. We introduce a different approximation model, called the absolute error model, in which points within distance e of the range's boundary may or may not be included, regardless of the diameter of the range. We consider sets of ranges consisting of general convex bodies, axis-aligned rectangles, halfspaces, Euclidean balls, and simplices. We examine a variety of problem formulations, including range searching under general commutative semigroups, idempotent semigroups, groups, range emptiness, and range reporting. We apply our data structures to several related problems, including range sketching, approximate nearest neighbor searching, exact idempotent range searching, approximate range searching in the data stream model, and approximate range searching in the relative model.
Endotoxemia—menace, marker, or mistake?

Endotoxemia is in its scientific ascendancy. Never has blood‐borne, Gram‐negative bacterial endotoxin (LPS) been invoked in the pathogenesis of so many diseases—not only as a trigger for septic shock, once its most cited role, but also as a contributor to atherosclerosis, obesity, chronic fatigue, metabolic syndrome, and many other conditions. Finding elevated plasma endotoxin levels has been essential supporting evidence for each of these links, yet the assays used to detect and quantitate endotoxin have important limitations. This article describes several assays for endotoxin in plasma, reviews what they do and do not measure, and discusses why LPS heterogeneity, LPS trafficking pathways, and host LPS inactivation mechanisms should be considered when interpreting endotoxin assay results.
Review article: novel therapies for hepatitis B virus cure – advances and perspectives

Current anti‐viral therapies, interferon and nucleos(t)ide analogues, have been proven to reduce the progression of chronic hepatitis B (CHB). However, covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) persists, resulting in viral relapse after the discontinuation of treatment.
Endogenous angiotensin II modulates rat proximal tubule transport with acute changes in extracellular volume.

In the present study, we examined whether the effect of endogenously produced angiotensin II on proximal tubule transport in the male Sprague-Dawley rat is regulated by acute changes in extracellular volume. We measured the magnitude of endogenous angiotensin II-mediated stimulation of transport by sequentially perfusing proximal tubules in vivo, first with an ultrafiltrate-like solution, then by reperfusion of the same tubule with an ultrafiltrate-like solution containing 10(-8) M losartan (angiotensin II receptor antagonist). During volume contraction, 10(-8) M losartan decreased volume reabsorption from 4.20 +/- 0.50 to 1.70 +/- 0.30 nl . mm-1 . min-1 (P < 0.05), a decrease of 58.0 +/- 7.0%. In contrast, after acute volume expansion, 10(-8) M losartan decreased volume reabsorption from 1.84 +/- 0.20 to 1.31 +/- 0.20 nl . mm-1 . min-1 (P < 0.05), a decrease of 29.6 +/- 9.0%. In hydropenic rats, addition of exogenous luminal angiotensin II had no effect on transport. However, in volume-expanded rats, addition of 10(-8) M angiotensin II increased volume reabsorption from 2.10 +/- 0.34 to 4. 38 +/- 0.59 nl . mm-1 . min-1 (P < 0.005). These data are consistent with endogenously produced angiotensin II augmenting proximal tubule transport to a greater degree during volume contraction than after volume expansion.
Free Surface Effects on the Near-Inertial Ocean Current Response to a Hurricane

Abstract During the passage of hurricane Frederic in 1979, four ocean current meter arrays in water depths of 100–950 m detected both a baroclinic and a depth-independent response in the near-inertial frequency band. Although the oceanic response was predominately baroclinic, the hurricane excited a depth-independent component of 5–11 cm s−1. The origin and role of the depth-independent component of velocity is investigated using a linear analytical model and numerical simulations from a 17-level primitive equation model with a free surface. Both models are forced with an idealized wind stress pattern based on the observed storm parameters in hurricane Frederic. In an analytical model, the Green's function (K0) is convolved with the wind stress curl to predict a sea surface depression of approximately 20 cm from the equilibrium position. The near-inertial velocities are simulated by convolving the slope of the sea surface depression with a second Green's function. The barotropic current velocities rotate .
Antecedent factors of the need for information regarding petrochemical complex hazards

Information transparency is a relevant factor nowadays. The current legislation has forced hazardous companies to improve their communication policy with the local community, but this entails the difficulty that each individual has a different need for information. This study considers the main antecedents of need for information to explain these differences. The paper analyses, to our knowledge for the first time, the direct influence of personal beliefs about environmental issues on the individual’s need for information. The research focused on the residents (992) of an area near to a petrochemical complex. The results, derived from the structural equation modelling analysis, confirmed the influence of environmental beliefs, trust in companies and negative affective response on the need for information. In the light of these results, we recommend that the companies of the complex develop a risk communication policy based on personal environmental beliefs, in order to understand the public’s concerns and their needs for risk information. Finally, the analysed companies need to see risk communication as a long-term and ongoing process that involves active dialogue and enables stakeholders’ participation, with the aim of establishing a communication network.
The Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis among Severely Acute Malnourished Children – a Cross Sectional Study

Introduction: Globally, about 1 million cases of pediatric tuberculosis are estimated to occur every year accounting for 10-15% of all tuberculosis; with more than 100,000 estimated deaths every year, it is one of the top 10 causes of childhood mortality.1 The source of infection to a child is usually an adult, often family member with sputum smear positive tuberculosis. The frequency of childhood tuberculosis in a given population depends on: (a) the number of infectious cases ;(b) closeness of contact with an infectious case; (c) the age of child when exposed to tuberculosis; and (d) the age structure of the population . 2The objective of this study was to study the prevalence of Tuberculosis among severely acute malnourished children and socio-demographic factors associated with it. Study methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in Nutritional Rehabilitation Centre of Molakalmuru, Chitradurga district. All the 13134 children (0-6years) in Molakalmuru block were screened by AWW for severely acute malnourished as per criteria laid down by Government of India.3Out of 386 identified severely acute malnourished children only 269 cases attended Nutritional Rehabilitation Centre. A detailed history, general physical examination, systemic examination and investigations were done. The findings were recorded in a predesigned pretested structured proforma. Screening for tuberculosis was done as per current RNTCP standards.4The data thus collected was compiled and analyzed by using Microsoft Excel software. Results: The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among severely acute malnourished children was 5.6%; out of them 86.6% were females. 92.3% of tuberculosis patient had history of contact in the house hold was more among females. 5.2% of the children were positive for sputum or gastric aspirate smear examination, 5.6% also had positive PPD test and chest X-ray was showing the evidence of tuberculosis making the prevalence to be 5.6%. A statistically significant association was found among sex, age and history of contact in the house hold.
Comparing Five Major Personality Traits in Gifted and Ordinary Students

The study sought to compare the five major personality traits among students in ordinary and gifted schools comprising all girl students in gifted and public high schools in Sari in the academic year of 2013-2014. Two hundred (200) students were selected by simple random sampling and were classified into two groups of (100 gifted and 100 ordinary students). The NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO- FFI) served as the data collection tool and multivariate analysis of variances (MANOVA) was applied for the data analysis. The results showed that among all the given personality dimensions, the three components of Neuroticism, Agreeableness and Conscientiousness had significant differences between gifted and ordinary students. The results showed that gifted students had lower scores in neuroticism and higher scores on agreeableness and conscientiousness than ordinary students that is associated with the commitment of this group (gifted students) in doing schoolwork and greater accountability and creativity and higher mental health.
Phase synchronization algorithms for distributed beamforming with time varying channels in wireless sensor networks

In a wireless sensor network, distributed beamforming is a cooperative technique that enables a group of nodes to emulate a virtual array and to steer a beam in a particular direction in space. This allows for shared message delivery to a distant receiver in a condition where typically communication range is limited due to power consumption constraints. Potential gains in terms of received power are compelling, but one of the main challenges is to achieve coherence of the transmitted signals at the destination in such a distributed scenario. This work presents innovative phase synchronization algorithms for a wireless sensor network that not only prove to be very efficient in terms of energy consumption, but also present good channel tracking capabilities in a time varying scenario.
A Technology Readiness-Based Taxonomy of Customers

Although the service management field has developed and put forward new concepts, we have historically done a less effective job validating these concepts after their introduction. Given this issue, this study attempts to test and extend Parasuraman and Colby’s (2001) taxonomy of technology readiness. Their taxonomy (originally developed based on a U.S. sample) was replicated with a U.K. sample. This study’s replication partially supports their taxonomy of five types of customers based on their technology beliefs. The author found support for the existence of four of the five original clusters (explorers, pioneers, skeptics, andlaggards) but found no evidence of the existence of a fifth segment named paranoids. The author also identifies the themes that underlie the formation of the taxonomy, namely, technophobia and technological positivism. Finally, for each cluster, the relationships between technology readiness, demographics, current use, and future adoption of technology-based services are explored and compared.
The Influence of Prior Activity Upon Inspiratory Muscle Strength in Rowers and Non-Rowers

The aim of this study was to investigate whether a 'warm-up' phenomenon in the strength of the inspiratory muscles exists, and, under this assumption, whether whole body warm-up protocols or a specific respiratory warm-up is more effective in this respect. Eleven club level rowers performed a rowing warm-up, and twelve university students performed a general cycling warm-up. Both groups also performed a specific respiratory warm-up. Inspiratory muscle strength (Mueller manoeuvre) and lung function (flow-volume loops) were measured before and after the three conditions. Isokinetic strength during knee extension was measured before and after the rowing warm-up. The two whole body warm-up protocols had no effect on inspiratory muscle strength or any lung function parameter despite the significant (3.8+/-SD 1.4%; p<0.05) increase in peak torque that the rowing warm-up elicited. The respiratory warm-up induced a significant increase in inspiratory mouth pressure (8.5+/-1.8%; p<0.0001) but not in any other lung function parameter. Following the rowing incremental test to exhaustion, maximum inspiratory pressure decreased by 7.0+/-2.0%, which is an indication of respiratory muscle fatigue. These data suggest that the inspiratory muscle strength can be enhanced with preliminary activity, a phenomenon similar to the one known to exist for other skeletal muscles. In addition, a specific respiratory warm-up is more effective in this respect than whole body protocols.
A Tutoring System That Simulates the Highly Interactive Nature of Human Tutoring

For some time, it has been clear that students who are tutored generally learn more than students who experience classroom instruction (e.g., Bloom, 1984). Much research has been devoted to identifying features of tutorial dialogue that can explain its effectiveness, so that these features can be simulated in natural-language tutoring systems. One hypothesis is that the highly interactive nature of tutoring itself promotes learning—that is, the interaction hypothesis. Although reasonable and agreeing with much research, the interaction hypothesis raises the question of what linguistic mechanisms are involved: that is, which features of “highly interactive” dialogues trigger what processes that are conducive to learning? Our overall strategy in the research described in this article was to inform this question by identifying co-constructed discourse relations in tutorial dialogues whose frequency of occurrence predicts learning, identify the context in which these relations occur, and use this knowledge to formulate decision rules to guide automated dialogues. We used Rhetorical Structure Theory to identify and tag co-constructed discourse relations in a large corpus of physics tutoring dialogues. Our analyses suggest that the effectiveness of human tutoring might well lie in the language of tutoring itself. Moreover, the types of co-constructed discourse relations that predict learning seem to vary based on students’ ability level. We describe Rimac, a natural-language tutoring system that implements an initial set of decision rules based on these analyses. These rules guide reflective dialogues about the concepts associated with physics problems. Rimac is being pilot tested in high school physics classes.
The Inside Story: Practitioner Perspectives on Teaching in Prison

The status of prison educational programmes is described as ‘marginal’ (Reuss1999, p.114) and prisons are portrayed in the worst terms as ‘human dustbins’(Parkinson 1997, p.16). Whilst inside accounts of prison life are rare (Scraton andMoore 2006) some ethnographic reports from practitioners working in prisons have beenpublished (Reuss 1999, 2000, 2003; Pawson 2000). This article adds to the corpus,presenting a personal account of teaching based on six years’ experience working inMaghaberry Prison in Northern Ireland. Successful pedagogical approaches as well aspractical inconveniences faced daily by educationalists working in this environment arepresented.
Almanac 2011: cardiac arrhythmias and pacing. The national society journals present selected research that has driven recent advances in clinical cardiology.

U posljednje dvije godine objavljen je niz vaænih kliniËkih istraæivanja koje produbljuju naπe razumijevanje i kliniËko lijeËenje pacijenata s fibrilacijom atrija (FA). Dva glavna cilja lijeËenja, smanjenje progresije ili ponavljanja aritmije te smanjenje rizika kardiovaskularnih dogaaja, imaju za cilj poboljπanje kvalitete æivota i smanjuje smrtnosti. PrateÊi mnoπtvo dokaza iz predkliniËkih studija, manjih kliniËkih studija i meta-analiza koji ukazuju da blokada renin-angiotenzinskog sustava ima korisne uËinke na patofiziologiju FA, dvije velike multicentriËne, placebomkontrolirane, randomizirane studije su provedene kako bi se utvrdili uËinci blokatora receptora angiotenzina II (ARB) na FA. Prva od ovih studija, objavljena 2009. godine, testirala je hipotezu da bi valsartan, lijek iz skupine ARB, pored uobiËajene terapije, mogao smanjiti ponavljanje FA kod pacijenata s veÊ prisutnom kardiovaskularnom bolesti, dijabetesom ili poveÊanjem lijevog atrija te s anamnestiËkim podacima o prethodno dokumentiranoj FA. Ukupno 1.442 pacijenta bilo je ukljuËeno u studiju — 722 je dodijeljeno u skupinu s valsartanom (ciljna doza 320 mg) i 720 u skupinu na placebu. IstraæivaËi su ustanovili da lijeËenje valsartanom nije imalo znaËajan uËinak na ponavljanje FA (51,4% u valsartan skupini i 52,1% u placebo skupini, p=0,73) tijekom relativno kratkog razdoblja praÊenja u trajanju od jedne godine. Druga velika randomizirana studija sa sartanima, objavljena ove godine, procjenjivala je smanjuje li irbesartan rizik od kardiovaskularnih dogaaja kod pacijenata s FA. Pacijenti s anamnezom riziËnih Ëimbenika za moædani udar i sistoliËkim tlakom od najmanje 110 mmHg bili su randomizirani na primanje ili irbesartana (ciljna doza od 300 mg jednom dnevno) ili placeba. Ispitanici ove studije bili su veÊ ukljuËeni u jednu od druge dvije studije s FA koje su analizirale uËinak klopidogrela i acetilsalicilne kiseline (ASK) naspram same ASK ili naspram oralnih antikoagulansa. IstraæivaËi su ustanovili da irbesartan nije smanjio kardiovaskularne dogaaje ili uËestalost hospitaliAtrial fibrillation