Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
miRTex: A Text Mining System for miRNA-Gene Relation Extraction

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate a wide range of cellular and developmental processes through gene expression suppression or mRNA degradation. Experimentally validated miRNA gene targets are often reported in the literature. In this paper, we describe miRTex, a text mining system that extracts miRNA-target relations, as well as miRNA-gene and gene-miRNA regulation relations. The system achieves good precision and recall when evaluated on a literature corpus of 150 abstracts with F-scores close to 0.90 on the three different types of relations. We conducted full-scale text mining using miRTex to process all the Medline abstracts and all the full-length articles in the PubMed Central Open Access Subset. The results for all the Medline abstracts are stored in a database for interactive query and file download via the website at http://proteininformationresource.org/mirtex. Using miRTex, we identified genes potentially regulated by miRNAs in Triple Negative Breast Cancer, as well as miRNA-gene relations that, in conjunction with kinase-substrate relations, regulate the response to abiotic stress in Arabidopsis thaliana. These two use cases demonstrate the usefulness of miRTex text mining in the analysis of miRNA-regulated biological processes.
An Analysis of Empirical Research on the Scope of Justice

The scope of justice has been defined as the boundary within which justice is perceived to be relevant. The empirical literature on this topic is primarily aimed at predicting when a target will be excluded from the scope of justice and at examining potential consequences of exclusion, from accepting a target's suffering to active harm-doing such as mass internment and genocide. The concept of the scope of justice is interesting and heuristically useful, but there are several problems with the empirical literature that impede its progress. For example, the proposed mediator often has not been measured, or operationalizations of the scope of justice have been confounded with other constructs. Also, although the scope of justice remains one possible explanation for results obtained in various experiments, there are equally compelling alternatives that do not implicate exclusion from the scope of justice. We offer suggestions about how to study scope of justice issues in the future and identify points that need to be clarified regarding the conceptualization of the scope of justice.
A CPU on a glass substrate using CG-silicon TFTs

A CPU is produced on a glass substrate using continuous-gain silicon TFTs. Corning 1737 glass with a distortion point of 640/spl deg/C forms the glass substrate and the process temperature never exceeds 550/spl deg/C. The 8b CPU contains 13,000 TFTs and the chip area is 13/spl times/13mm/sup 2/. Operation at a frequency of 3MHz was confirmed at 5V.
Research digest: parents and parenting

This study examined the factorial validity of the Parent Behavior Inventory (PBI), a brief measure of parenting behaviour, in a diverse sample of mothers and compared differences in parenting as a function of ethnicity and socioeconomic status (SES). Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed on data generated by mothers of young children (N = 1705). Analyses indicated a tripartite structure with dimensions reflecting Warmth, Control and Hostility, respectively. Scores differed as a function of ethnicity and SES: European American and high‐SES mothers reported greatest Warmth whereas African American and high‐SES mothers reported greatest Control. A significant ethnicity X SES interaction was found for Hostility: Low‐SES African American and high‐SES Latina mothers reported the most hostile–coercive behaviours. Hostility among Latina mothers was associated with employment outside the home. Results support the factorial validity of the PBI with diverse populations and offer normative data for ideographic assessment of parenting behaviour across sociocultural contexts.
The regulation of subjective well-being in cancer patients: An analysis of coping effectiveness

Abstract The hypothesis that individual coping efforts affect subjective well-being in the face of severe chronic disease is examined with questionnaire data from N=332 cancer patients in a one-year longitudinal study. After depicting conceptual and methodological requirements for the analysis of coping effectiveness, the following five coping modes were investigated in the sample: Rumination, search for affiliation, threat minimization, search for information and search for meaning in religion. Results from a series of hierarchical regression analyses yielded findings that questioned the underlying assumption of a general uniform causal direction within coping-adjustment relationships. Threat minimization proved to be the only coping mode that obviously was “effective” in well-being regulation, that is, was revealed to be predictive of well-being changes over time and to be unaffected by prior levels of well-being. It is argued that the problem of causal directionality has to be carefully examined in fut.
From Imitation to Intimidation: a Note on the Curious and Changing Relationship Between the Media, Crime and Fear of Crime

Although a connection between media reports and dramatizations of crime and peoples' fear of crime is intuitively attractive, an actual relationship has been discovered surprisingly infrequently. This study (which analyses the quantitative responses of 167 respondents, and the qualitative responses of a sub-sample of 64 of them) is no exception. The qualitative material indicates that respondents' perceptions and interpretations are more important than the frequency of media consumption and/or any objective characteristics of media material. "It is not easy to make people afraid" (Altheide 2002: 59).
Quality of life of patients with implantable cardioverser-defibrillator: the usage of SF-36 questionnaire.

OBJECTIVE To observe the quality of life of patients with implantable cardioverser-defibrillator (ICD). METHODS Descriptive research with quantitative approach by means of an interview and the analysis of the Questionnaire SF-36 in a cardiovascular outpatient service. Fifty patients users of this device participated in this study during their medical follow-up in the period from January to December. RESULTS Out of the subjects, 19 (38%) were female and 31 (62%) male. The average age was 58.4 years, ranging from 21 to 75 years. Two domains regarding limitations by physical and emotional aspects below score 50 were observed The social aspects domain presented the higher score; 80,5. Most of the users reported that their health is a little better compared with a year ago. CONCLUSION The results showed that individuals' quality of life is impaired, with lower scores for physical and emotional aspects. There was not a correlation between quality of life and age, gender, marital status and educational level. However, they feel comfortable and safe with ICD benefits since it provides their maintenance in being alive protecting them of sudden death.
Vitality Forms Expressed by Others Modulate Our Own Motor Response: A Kinematic Study

During social interaction, actions, and words may be expressed in different ways, for example, gently or rudely. A handshake can be gentle or vigorous and, similarly, tone of voice can be pleasant or rude. These aspects of social communication have been named vitality forms by Daniel Stern. Vitality forms represent how an action is performed and characterize all human interactions. In spite of their importance in social life, to date it is not clear whether the vitality forms expressed by the agent can influence the execution of a subsequent action performed by the receiver. To shed light on this matter, in the present study we carried out a kinematic study aiming to assess whether and how visual and auditory properties of vitality forms expressed by others influenced the motor response of participants. In particular, participants were presented with video-clips showing a male and a female actor performing a “giving request” (give me) or a “taking request” (take it) in visual, auditory, and mixed modalities (visual and auditory). Most importantly, requests were expressed with rude or gentle vitality forms. After the actor's request, participants performed a subsequent action. Results showed that vitality forms expressed by the actors influenced the kinematic parameters of the participants' actions regardless to the modality by which they are conveyed.
POLITICAL DEMOCRACY AND THE SIZE DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME

This paper reviews the major theoretical arguments that link political democracy with economic inequality. It then shows that previous empirical analyses of the linkage have produced inconclusive results because they have suffered from specification, measurement, and sample-composition problems. A nonrecursive model is proposed that overcomes many of these limitations. Using 2SLS and a new weighted 2SLS procedure, we find no evidence of direct effects of political democracy on income inequality, or vice versa. However, economic development influences both variables, while world-system position, Protestantism, and British colonial experience affects political democracy. Population age-structure and systematic measurement error induce changes in income inequality. The paper concludes with a discussion both of the flaws in prior arguments linking democracy with inequality, and of the political processes that undermine any such linkage. In democracies the poor have more sovereign power than the men of property; for they are more numerous and the decisions of the majority prevail. Aristotle, The Politics, 1962:237 Where one set of people possesses a great deal and the other nothing, the result is either extreme democracy [mob rule] or unmixed oligarchy or a tyranny due to the excesses of the other two. Aristotle, The Politics, 1962:173 Debate over the linkage between political democracy and social equality has a venerable history. At least since Aristotle, many have held that by reducing inequalities in the distribution of political power, democracy helps to reduce inequalities of wealth and status. Paralleling this view, it also has been argued that extreme inequalities in wealth undermine democratic political structures. At the same time, it has been suggested that democracy and inequality have no meaningful bearing on each other. This paper offers a fresh approach to the democracy-inequality linkage. We begin with a survey of the pertinent substantive arguments and the assumptions on which they are based. This is followed by a review of representative empirical studies which shows that those studies have generated inconclusive results. Further, there is no readily apparent way to resolve these differences, because, as we indicate below, the empirical studies have employed a variety of samples, measurement procedures, and model specifications. Finally, we report our own empirical analysis, which seeks to correct some of the major specification and measurement problems of previous work. This analysis is based on a more comprehensive data set than has been available in the past, and centers on 60 Western and Third World countries.
Trends in Myocardial Infarction Secondary Prevention: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES), 1999–2012

Background Nationally representative data evaluating recent trends and future projections of vascular risk factor treatment and control rates in secondary prevention of ischemic heart disease are sparse. Methods and Results We evaluated sex‐ and race‐stratified cholesterol, blood pressure, and hemoglobin A1c levels and risk factor treatment and control rates in 1580 individuals who self‐reported a history of myocardial infarction from The National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 1999 to 2012. We used weighted linear regression to estimate time trends and created forward linear projections to 2020. Participants were 30% to 41% women, 73% to 85% white, and had a mean age of 63 to 66 years. Cholesterol treatment rates increased and reached above 80% in men and women by 2011–2012, with significant increases in control rates (as then defined) in men to 85% in 2011–2012, with projections to reach 100% by 2020. Cholesterol treatment rates significantly increased in non‐Hispanic whites and Hispanics. Statin use increased significantly to 73% of myocardial infarction survivors by 2011–2012, and aspirin use increased significantly but only to 28% by 2011–2012. There were no changes in blood pressure treatment or control rates by sex, and hypertension treatment increased only in non‐Hispanic blacks. Projected hypertension control rates remained suboptimal. Conclusions While temporal trends suggest improvements in cholesterol treatment, unchanged treatment and control of blood pressure and persistently low aspirin use represent missed opportunities. Urgent action is needed to improve secondary prevention rates projected by 2020 to reduce recurrent events in this high‐risk group.
When is gttgrr = −1?

The Schwarzschild metric, its Reissner–Nordstrom–de Sitter generalizations to higher dimensions and some further generalizations all share the feature that gttgrr = −1 in Schwarzschild-like coordinates. In this pedagogical note we trace this feature to the condition that the Ricci tensor (and stress–energy tensor in a solution to Einstein's equation) has vanishing radial null–null component, i.e., is proportional to the metric in the t–r subspace. We also show that this condition holds if and only if the area–radius coordinate is an affine parameter on the radial null geodesics.
Ensemble clustering in deterministic ensemble Kalman filters

ABSTRACT Ensemble clustering (EC) can arise in data assimilation with ensemble square root filters (EnSRFs) using non-linear models: an M-member ensemble splits into a single outlier and a cluster of M–1 members. The stochastic Ensemble Kalman Filter does not present this problem. Modifications to the EnSRFs by a periodic resampling of the ensemble through random rotations have been proposed to address it. We introduce a metric to quantify the presence of EC and present evidence to dispel the notion that EC leads to filter failure. Starting from a univariate model, we show that EC is not a permanent but transient phenomenon; it occurs intermittently in non-linear models. We perform a series of data assimilation experiments using a standard EnSRF and a modified EnSRF by a resampling though random rotations. The modified EnSRF thus alleviates issues associated with EC at the cost of traceability of individual ensemble trajectories and cannot use some of algorithms that enhance performance of standard EnSRF. In the non-linear regimes of low-dimensional models, the analysis root mean square error of the standard EnSRF slowly grows with ensemble size if the size is larger than the dimension of the model state. However, we do not observe this problem in a more complex model that uses an ensemble size much smaller than the dimension of the model state, along with inflation and localisation. Overall, we find that transient EC does not handicap the performance of the standard EnSRF.
Tunable fibre Bragg grating based optical cross connects using multi‐port optical circulators: structure and crosstalk analyses

Tunable fibre Bragg grating (FBG)‐based reconfigureably non‐blocking optical cross connect (OXC) using multi‐port optical circulators (MOCs) are proposed and presented. In an FBG–MOC‐based OXC, system insertion loss, system differential insertion loss together with OXC dimensions have been analysed and compared with FBG–OC‐based OXC structure using three‐port optical circulators (OCs). Optical crosstalk in a multiwavlength FBG–OC‐based OXC is discussed, and two crosstalk mechanisms, intraband and interband are identified. To compare FBG based OXC with other OXC structures, an analytical model of intraband optical crosstalk is presented. Results show that tunable FBGs based OXCs are attractive OXC schemes as crosstalk level is independent of the number of wavelength channel per fibre. For the worst case the coherent crosstalk is the dominant crosstalk, which is about 20–30 dB higher than the incoherent crosstalk, depending on the sitching state of the cascaded 2×2 OXCs. However, in practical applications incoherent crosstalk is usually dominant, since it is highly unlikely that all the same wavelength‐channels will originate from the same optical source. And the crosstalk of FBGs is the dominant crosstalk. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Social networks and aggressive behavior: Peer support or peer rejection?

Studied social networks and aggressive behavior in school in 2 cohorts of boys and girls in the 4th and 7th grades (N = 695). Measures of social networks yielded convergent findings. Highly aggressive subjects (both boys and girls) did not differ from matched control subjects in terms of social cluster membership or in being isolated or rejected within the social network. Peer cluster analysis and reciprocal "best friend" selections indicated that aggressive subjects tended to affiliate with aggressive peers. Even though highly aggressive children and adolescents were less popular than control subjects in the social network at large, they were equally often identified as being nuclear members of social clusters. Aggressive subjects did not differ from matched control subjects in the number of times they were named by peers as "best friend," nor did the two groups differ in the probability of having friendship choices reciprocated by peers.
Tropical-Forest-Parameter Estimation by Means of Pol-InSAR: The INDREX-II Campaign

This paper addresses the potential and limitations of polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry (Pol-InSAR) inversion techniques for quantitative forest-parameter estimation in tropical forests by making use of the unique data set acquired in the frame of the second Indonesian Airborne Radar Experiment (INDREX-II) campaign - including Pol-InSAR, light detection and ranging (LIDAR), and ground measurements - over typical Southeast Asia forest formations. The performance of Pol-InSAR inversion is not only assessed primarily at L- and P-band but also at higher frequencies, namely, X-band. critical performance parameters such as the ldquovisibility of the groundrdquo at L- and P-band as well as temporal decorrelation in short-time repeat-pass interferometry are discussed and quantitatively assessed. Inversion performance is validated against LIDAR and ground measurements over different test sites.
Modeling Sub-Document Attention Using Viewport Time

Website measures of engagement captured from millions of users, such as in-page scrolling and viewport position, can provide deeper understanding of attention than possible with simpler measures, such as dwell time. Using data from 1.2M news reading sessions, we examine and evaluate three increasingly sophisticated models of sub-document attention computed from viewport time, the time a page component is visible on the user display. Our modeling incorporates prior eye-tracking knowledge about onscreen reading, and we validate it by showing how, when used to estimate user reading rate, it aligns with known empirical measures. We then show how our models reveal an interaction between article topic and attention to page elements. Our approach supports refined large-scale measurement of user engagement at a level previously available only from lab-based eye-tracking studies.
Generation of pediatric liver cancer patient–derived xenograft platforms for pediatric liver cancer: A critical stage in the development of anticancer treatments

Hepatoblastoma (HBL) is the most common form of pediatric liver cancer, and there is an urgent need for discovery of the mechanisms of HBL and for the development of novel, less toxic therapeutic approaches to treat and cure children with existing cancer. Investigations of HBL have intensified during recent years; however, few have addressed the large-scale global alterations of gene expression which occur. Luo et al. investigated seven HBL samples and compared them with 37 hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) samples, demonstrating fibronectin, delta-like 1 homolog, transforming growth factor-b, and mitogen-inducible gene 6 to be highly expressed in HBL. A second global analysis of HBL samples performed by a multi-investigator team revealed the highly significant role of Wnt-b-catenin signaling in HBL and identified a 16-gene signature associated with aggressive HBL. This report and a report by Cairo’s group provided evidence that HBL has stem cell–like signatures. A fourth recent article reports exome sequencing of 47 HBL samples. The interesting results of this study showed that HBL is a very simple tumor genetically, with 2.9 mutations per tumor, mainly in the b-catenin (CTNNB1) and nuclear factor erythroid 2–like 2 (NFE2L2) genes. In summary, investigations to date suggest a high reliance on RNA, micro-RNA, protein, and epigenetic biology driving HBL pathogenesis, rather than gene mutational burden. Given such complex biology as well as heterogeneity of pediatric liver cancer, it becomes clear that the elucidation of therapeutically targetable mechanisms of HBL will take significant amounts of time and energy. Preclinical studies with animal models are usually performed prior to clinical trials. While several animal models are well developed for HCC, limited genetically engineered models have been described that recapitulate the features of HBL. One of these models presents activation of b-catenin, which is sufficient for the development of HBL and HCC. However, the development of tumors appeared in these mice when they reached adult age, 26 weeks. Given the limitations of genetically engineered animal models of HBL, the development and use of xenograft platforms are the most productive and efficient ways for the preclinical exploration of drugs for possible treatment of pediatric liver cancers. In this issue of HEPATOLOGY, Cairo’s group presents the establishment of preclinical platforms of pediatric liver cancer patient–derived xenografts (PLC-PDXs), analyses of the tumors, and treatments of these cancers with known therapeutic Abbreviations: CTNNB1, b-catenin gene; HBL, hepatoblastoma; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; NFE2L2, nuclear factor erythroid 2–like 2; PLC-PDX, pediatric liver cancer patient–derived xenograft.
Combining Acoustic-Prosodic, Lexical, and Phonotactic Features for Automatic Deception Detection

Improving methods of automatic deception detection is an important goal of many researchers from a variety of disciplines, including psychology, computational linguistics, and criminol-ogy. We present a system to automatically identify deceptive utterances using acoustic-prosodic, lexical, syntactic, and phono-tactic features. We train and test our system on the Interspeech 2016 ComParE challenge corpus, and ﬁnd that our combined features result in performance well above the challenge base-line on the development data. We also perform feature ranking experiments to evaluate the usefulness of each of our feature sets. Finally, we conduct a cross-corpus evaluation by training on another deception corpus and testing on the ComParE corpus.
Managing change and changing managers from ABC to XYZ

In an age where effective leaders are at a premium and where continuous change appears to be the order of the day, this article argues that organisations need to align organisational change and management development strategically and operationally in order to maintain and increase their competitiveness. Illustrated by the experience of two organisations that sought to implement major organisational changes, the article highlights the benefits of seeing managerial development and organisational change as parallel and linked activities and the pitfalls of not doing so.