Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Seroprevalence of bluetongue in ruminants of Jharkhand

Aim: This study was carried out to assess the presence of anti-bluetongue (BT) antibodies in sheep, goat and cattle of different agro-climatic zones of Jharkhand. Materials and Methods: Serum samples were collected from apparently healthy as well as suspected sheep, goat and cattle from different districts of Jharkhand covering different agro-climatic zones. Serum samples were screened by indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA) for detecting anti-BT antibodies. Results: Out of a total of 480 animal serum samples (sheep-190, goats-210 and cattle-80) screened, 83 (43.68%) of sheep, 91 (43.33%) of goat and 46 (57.50%) of cattle sera were found positive. The % positivity ranged between 41% and 51% in different agro-climatic zones. The results showed slight higher seroprevalence, although not significantly, in cattle than sheep and goats in different agro-climatic zones of Jharkhand. Conclusions: The above data indicate widespread prevalence of BT virus antibodies in studied areas. The incidence of BT is not detected officially, so far. The present seroprevalence status of BT in Jharkhand indicates presence of BT infection in the state for the first time.
C‐reactive protein, cardiovascular risk factors and the association with myocardial infarction in men

Abstract. Doggen CJM, Berckmans RJ, Sturk A, Manger Cats V, Rosendaal FR (Leiden University Medical Center, the Netherlands). C‐reactive protein, cardiovascular risk factors and the association with myocardial infarction in men. J Intern Med 2000; 248: 406–414.
Shock Waves produced by Impulsive Load: Equation of State Effects

Abstract A numerical study of the flow after impulsive load of a plane material surface is carried out. It is shown that the flow is asymptotically self-similar provided one can neglect the cold components in the equation of state. In this case the effective exponent s(t) = d l n (X s) / d ln(t), derived from the shock trajectory Xs (t) does not depend on the initial pressure pulse and approaches the exponent α of the self-similar problem for time t →∞. For equations of state containing a cold pressure term, s (t) is larger than α and changes non-monotonically with time. Some features of the flow related to the presence of cold components in pressure and internal energy are discussed.
Psychosocial Hazards in the Northern Territory Building and Construction Industry: A Profile of Job Demands and Job Resources in a Jurisdiction and Industry with High Rates of Suicide

The work environment for building workers in Australia’s Northern Territory (NT) is characterised by concerningly high rates of distress and suicide at both a jurisdictional and an industry level. Work-related psychosocial hazards are known antecedents of work-related distress and suicide, and more research is required to understand how these hazards impact workers in this unique building context. This paper examines the unique work environment in the NT building industry by comparing psychosocial hazards in the NT with those in the broader Australian building and construction industry. When comparing 330 NT self-report survey responses about psychosocial hazards in the workplace to 773 broader Australian building industry responses, supervisor task conflict for NT workers was more concerning, at 10.9% higher than the broader Australian cohort. Within the NT sample, comparisons between fly-in and fly-out/drive-in and drive-out (FIFO/DIDO) workers and non-FIFO/DIDO workers were also performed to determine specific local psychosocial hazards. When comparing FIFO/DIDO workers’ responses to their NT peers, role overload and supervisor task conflict were significantly higher, and co-worker and supervisor support were lower. In FIFO/DIDO environments, praise and recognition, procedural justice, and change consultation were at concerningly lower averages than the broader NT building and construction industry. These results suggest that the NT building and construction industry, and particularly FIFO/DIDO operations, require greater resourcing, investment, and focus on workplace mental health initiatives to improve the work environment and wellbeing of this workforce and mitigate hazards that can lead to distress and the high rates of occupational suicide found in this jurisdiction and industry.
Phosphorylation of Thr-948 at the C Terminus of the Plasma Membrane H+-ATPase Creates a Binding Site for the Regulatory 14-3-3 Protein

The plant plasma membrane H+-ATPase is activated by the binding of 14-3-3 protein to the C-terminal region of the enzyme, thus forming an H+-ATPase–14-3-3 complex that can be stabilized by the fungal toxin fusicoccin. A novel 14-3-3 binding motif, QQXYpT948V, at the C terminus of the H+-ATPase is identified and characterized, and the protein kinase activity in the plasma membrane fraction that phosphorylates this threonine residue in the H+-ATPase is identified. A synthetic peptide that corresponds to the C-terminal 16 amino acids of the H+-ATPase and that is phosphorylated on Thr-948 prevents the in vitro activation of the H+-ATPase that is obtained in the presence of recombinant 14-3-3 and fusicoccin. Furthermore, binding of 14-3-3 to the H+-ATPase in the absence of fusicoccin is absolutely dependent on the phosphorylation of Thr-948, whereas binding of 14-3-3 in the presence of fusicoccin occurs independently of phosphorylation but still involves the C-terminal motif YTV. Finally, by complementing yeast that lacks its endogenous H+-ATPase with wild-type and mutant forms of the Nicotiana plumbaginifolia H+-ATPase isoform PMA2, we provide physiological evidence for the importance of the phosphothreonine motif in 14-3-3 binding and, hence, in the activation of the H+-ATPase in vivo. Indeed, replacing Thr-948 in the plant H+-ATPase with alanine is lethal because this mutant fails to functionally replace the yeast H+-ATPase. Considering the importance of the motif QQXYpTV for 14-3-3 binding and yeast growth, this motif should be of vital importance for regulating H+-ATPase activity in the plant and thus for plant growth.
The Late Permian herbivore Suminia and the early evolution of arboreality in terrestrial vertebrate ecosystems

Vertebrates have repeatedly filled and partitioned the terrestrial ecosystem, and have been able to occupy new, previously unexplored habitats throughout their history on land. The arboreal ecospace is particularly important in vertebrate evolution because it provides new food resources and protection from large ground-dwelling predators. We investigated the skeletal anatomy of the Late Permian (approx. 260 Ma) herbivorous synapsid Suminia getmanovi and performed a morphometric analysis of the phalangeal proportions of a great variety of extant and extinct terrestrial and arboreal tetrapods to discern locomotor function and habitat preference in fossil taxa, with special reference to Suminia. The postcranial anatomy of Suminia provides the earliest skeletal evidence for prehensile abilities and arboreality in vertebrates, as indicated by its elongate limbs, intrinsic phalangeal proportions, a divergent first digit and potentially prehensile tail. The morphometric analysis further suggests a differentiation between grasping and clinging morphotypes among arboreal vertebrates, the former displaying elongated proximal phalanges and the latter showing an elongation of the penultimate phalanges. The fossil assemblage that includes Suminia demonstrates that arboreality and resource partitioning occurred shortly after the initial establishment of the modern type of terrestrial vertebrate ecosystems, with a large number of primary consumers and few top predators.
Allium sativum Potentiates Suicide Gene Therapy for Murine Transitional Cell Carcinoma

This study evaluated the synergistic effect of Allium sativum (AS) with suicide gene therapy for transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder. Subcutaneous TCCs were established in syngeneic C3H/He mice with 1 × 105 MBT-2 cells. AS liquid extract was injected at the site of tumor transplantation on Day 1 for three weeks (Experiment I) and into the established tumors weekly for five weeks (Experiment II) in combination with or without gene therapy using a replication-defective adenoviral vector containing a herpes simplex virus thymidine kinase (HSV-TK) gene under the transcriptional control of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) promoter (Ad-RSV-TK, 5 × 108 plaque-forming units) plus ganciclovir (20 mg/kg/day ip). AS demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in incidence of TCC (cumulative dose 25 mg of AS). Combination AS-suicide gene therapy significantly inhibited the tumor growth compared with the controls, which was evidenced by apoptosis on histomorphological and immunohistochemical studies. These results suggest that AS had a definite antitumor effect in inhibiting tumorigenesis and growth of TCC in a murine model. AS treatment combined with suicide gene therapy had significant additive antitumor effects on TCC and may provide a novel and effective treatment modality for TCC of the bladder.
Bilateral Priming Before Wii-based Movement Therapy Enhances Upper Limb Rehabilitation and Its Retention After Stroke

Background. Motor deficits after a stroke are thought to be compounded by the development of asymmetric interhemispheric inhibition. Bilateral priming was developed to rebalance this asymmetry and thus improve therapy efficacy. Objective. This study investigated the effect of bilateral priming before Wii-based Movement Therapy to improve rehabilitation after stroke. Methods. Ten patients who had suffered a stroke (age, 23-77 years; 3-123 months after stroke) underwent a 14-day program of Wii-based Movement Therapy for upper limb rehabilitation. Formal Wii-based Movement Therapy sessions were immediately preceded by 15 minutes of bilateral priming, whereby active flexion-extension of the less affected wrist drove mirror-symmetric passive movements of the more affected wrist through a custom device. Functional movement was assessed at weeks 0 (before therapy), 3 (after therapy), and 28 (follow-up) using the Wolf Motor Function Test (WMFT), upper limb Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), upper limb range of motion, and Motor Activity Log (MAL). Case-matched controls were patients who had suffered a stroke who received Wii-based Movement Therapy but not bilateral priming. Results. Upper limb functional ability improved for both groups on all measures tested. Posttherapy improvement on the FMA for primed patients was twice that of the unprimed patients (37.3% vs 14.6%, respectively) and was significantly better maintained at 28 weeks (P = .02). Improvements on the WMFT and MAL were similar for both groups, but the pattern of change in range of motion was strikingly different. Conclusions. Bilateral priming before Wii-based Movement Therapy led to a greater magnitude and retention of improvement compared to control, especially measured with the FMA. These data suggest that bilateral priming can enhance the efficacy of Wii-based Movement Therapy, particularly for patients with low motor function after a stroke.
Geochemistry of Ediacaran cap dolostones across the Yangtze Platform, South China: implications for diagenetic modification and seawater chemistry in the aftermath of the Marinoan glaciation

Cap dolostones of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation (Yangtze Platform, South China) from various palaeo-water depths were studied to evaluate the extent of their diagenetic alteration and to assess temporal and spatial variations of seawater chemistry in the aftermath of the Marinoan glaciation. Diagenetic fluid overprint is common in cap dolostone lithologies. However, the mobilization of trace elements and the modification of Sr and O isotopic compositions are variable and were controlled by multiple stages of fluid overprint. The highest 87Sr/86Sr ratios (up to 0.7246) occur in cap dolostones from the palaeo-slope environment at the Huanglianba section, whereas cap dolostones deposited in platform settings and in one of the distal basinal settings reveal 87Sr/86Sr ratios close to the proposed late Neoproterozoic seawater composition (0.7077). Shale-normalized REE + Y patterns of carbonate leachates display enrichments of heavy over light REE and superchondritic Y/Ho ratios, typical of seawater. However, Y/Ho ratios in the cap dolostones are always lower than modern seawater values, which is interpreted to reflect dilution of the seawater signal by continent-derived meltwater influx during deglaciation. Negative Ce anomalies in carbonate leachates from platform and slope sections suggest that oxidized conditions existed in shallow marine environments shortly after the Marinoan glaciation, whereas positive or no resolvable Ce anomalies in basin settings indicate that the latter remained anoxic. Redox stratification of the Yangtze margin at the beginning of the Ediacaran is further supported by the relative enrichment of redox-sensitive trace metals in basinal sections. These data may indicate moderately anoxic (less than 10µM dissolved O2) and presumably manganous conditions during the deposition of cap dolostones in the deeper realms of the Yangtze basin. Supplementary material: Supplementary data for this paper are available at https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare. c.3770957
HANABA TARANU (HAN) Bridges Meristem and Organ Primordia Boundaries through PINHEAD, JAGGED, BLADE-ON-PETIOLE2 and CYTOKININ OXIDASE 3 during Flower Development in Arabidopsis

Shoot organ primordia are initiated from the shoot apical meristem and develop into leaves during the vegetative stage, and into flowers during the reproductive phase. Between the meristem and the newly formed organ primordia, a boundary with specialized cells is formed that separates meristematic activity from determinate organ growth. Despite interactions that have been found between boundary regulators with genes controlling meristem maintenance or primordial development, most boundary studies were performed during embryogenesis or vegetative growth, hence little is known about whether and how boundaries communicate with meristem and organ primordia during the reproductive stage. We combined genetic, molecular and biochemical tools to explore interactions between the boundary gene HANABA TARANU (HAN) and two meristem regulators BREVIPEDICELLUS (BP) and PINHEAD (PNH), and three primordia-specific genes PETAL LOSS (PTL), JAGGED (JAG) and BLADE-ON-PETIOLE (BOP) during flower development. We demonstrated the key role of HAN in determining petal number, as part of a set of complex genetic interactions. HAN and PNH transcriptionally promote each other, and biochemically interact to regulate meristem organization. HAN physically interacts with JAG, and directly stimulates the expression of JAG and BOP2 to regulate floral organ development. Further, HAN directly binds to the promoter and intron of CYTOKININ OXIDASE 3 (CKX3) to modulate cytokinin homeostasis in the boundary. Our data suggest that boundary-expressing HAN communicates with the meristem through the PNH, regulates floral organ development via JAG and BOP2, and maintains boundary morphology through CKX3 during flower development in Arabidopsis.
Efficacy and safety of antidepressants for children and adolescents

How safe and effective are antidepressants in children and adolescents? The authors of this review have found disturbing shortcomings in the methods and reporting of trials of newer antidepressants in this patient group Antidepressants introduced since 1990, especially selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and venlafaxine, have been used increasingly as first line treatment for depression in children.1 2 The safety of prescribingantidepressants to children (including adolescents) has been the subject of increasing concern in the community and the medical profession, leading to recommendations against their use from government and industry (box 1). In this paper, we review the published literature on the efficacy and safety of newer antidepressants in children. Having criticised the way in which Keller et al interpreted the results of their study,3 4 we sought to check the quality of methods and reporting of other published trials of newer antidepressants in children (box 2). Of seven published randomised controlled trials of newer antidepressants for depressed children published in refereed journals, six used a placebo control.35–9 We analysed eachstudy's methods and the extent to which authors' conclusions were supported by data. The seventh study, which compared a newer antidepressant with a tricyclic antidepressant without finding significant difference,10 was not included in the analysis but appears in the table on bmj.com. ### Box 1: Warnings about antidepressants in children June 2003—Letter from GlaxoSmithKline to all medical practitioners in the United Kingdom actively discouraging the use of paroxetine in patients less than 18 years of age, on the basis of recently disclosed trial results showing unacceptable risk of serious adverse effects,including hostility and suicidality.www. researchprotection.org/risks/PaxilRisks0603.html(accessed 17 Mar 2004) June 2003—Warning from the UK Committee on Safety of Medicines against the use of paroxetine inchildren.www. mhra.gov. uk/news/2003/seroxat10603.pdf(accessed 1 Mar 2004) August 2003—Warnings about venlafaxine, promulgated by the manufacturer.www. effexor.com/pdf/Wyeth_HCP. pdf(accessed 30 Dec …
Blockade of adhesion molecule CD146 causes pregnancy failure in mice

Unexplained pregnancy loss and recurrent miscarriage seriously impair human fecundity. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Recent studies suggest that the adhesion molecule CD146 may be involved in unexplained recurrent miscarriage. Here, we investigate the effect of CD146 on early pregnancy. Using in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry, we found that CD146 was specifically expressed in the receptive maternal uteri and invasive embryonic trophoblasts during the early stages of pregnancy, but it was completely absent in the non‐pregnant uterus. Our in vitro studies demonstrated that blocking CD146 with a function‐perturbation antibody AA98 significantly inhibited the attachment of blastocysts onto the receptive uterine luminal epithelial monolayer, the trophoblastic outgrowth of blastocysts and ectoplacental cones, and the secretion of matrix metalloproteinases. Animal experiments showed that applying this antibody before embryo implantation caused pregnancy failure in mice. Our data present direct evidence for the role of CD146 in mediating embryonic attachment and trophoblastic invasion, and provide new insight into the molecular mechanism underlying unexplained pregnancy loss and recurrent miscarriage. J. Cell. Physiol. 215: 621–626, 2008. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Physiological adaptations to low‐volume, high‐intensity interval training in health and disease

Abstract Exercise training is a clinically proven, cost‐effective, primary intervention that delays and in many cases prevents the health burdens associated with many chronic diseases. However, the precise type and dose of exercise needed to accrue health benefits is a contentious issue with no clear consensus recommendations for the prevention of inactivity‐related disorders and chronic diseases. A growing body of evidence demonstrates that high‐intensity interval training (HIT) can serve as an effective alternate to traditional endurance‐based training, inducing similar or even superior physiological adaptations in healthy individuals and diseased populations, at least when compared on a matched‐work basis. While less well studied, low‐volume HIT can also stimulate physiological remodelling comparable to moderate‐intensity continuous training despite a substantially lower time commitment and reduced total exercise volume. Such findings are important given that ‘lack of time’ remains the most commonly cited barrier to regular exercise participation. Here we review some of the mechanisms responsible for improved skeletal muscle metabolic control and changes in cardiovascular function in response to low‐volume HIT. We also consider the limited evidence regarding the potential application of HIT to people with, or at risk for, cardiometabolic disorders including type 2 diabetes. Finally, we provide insight on the utility of low‐volume HIT for improving performance in athletes and highlight suggestions for future research.
Breast Cancer Knowledge, Beliefs, and Screening Behaviors of College Women: Application of the Health Belief Model

ABSTRACT Background: Breast cancer, the second leading cause of cancer death among US women, causes severe physiological problems, including treatment outcomes of surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. It results in severe psychological suffering, including anxiety, depression, and disfigurement. One out of every 8 American women will develop breast cancer at some point in her life. Young women with breast cancer tend to experience more aggressive forms of the disease and with more severe outcomes than older women who develop breast cancer. Early detection and treatment are recommended for reducing mortality and suffering; however, screening behaviors are often avoided. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine breast cancer knowledge, beliefs, and screening behaviors among college women utilizing the health belief model. Methods: Participants completed a valid and reliable 84-item questionnaire that measured breast cancer knowledge, health motivation, perceived susceptibility, perceived severity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, and breast self-examination practices among a sample of college women in the southeastern United States. Results: Participants (n = 342) had low levels of breast cancer perceived susceptibility and breast self-examination. Breast cancer knowledge was significantly correlated with breast self-exam. In a regression model, positive self-efficacy and low perceive barriers were associated with breast self-examination. Translation to Health Education Practice: Health education program planners can enhance intervention effectiveness by utilizing health behavior constructs focused on increasing perceived susceptibility, enhancing self-efficacy for breast cancer screening, and reducing barriers. Education-based programs are also needed to increase women’s overall knowledge and awareness of breast cancer.
Criticality and the onset of ordering in the standard Vicsek model

Experimental observations of animal collective behaviour have shown stunning evidence for the emergence of large-scale cooperative phenomena resembling phase transitions in physical systems. Indeed, quantitative studies have found scale-free correlations and critical behaviour consistent with the occurrence of continuous, second-order phase transitions. The standard Vicsek model (SVM), a minimal model of self-propelled particles in which their tendency to align with each other competes with perturbations controlled by a noise term, appears to capture the essential ingredients of critical flocking phenomena. In this paper, we review recent finite-size scaling and dynamical studies of the SVM, which present a full characterization of the continuous phase transition through dynamical and critical exponents. We also present a complex network analysis of SVM flocks and discuss the onset of ordering in connection with XY-like spin models.