Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Surviving cancer: A comparison of 5‐year disease‐free breast cancer survivors with healthy women

Women with breast cancer are one of the largest groups of cancer survivors. This research examined whether breast cancer has a long‐term impact on quality of life (QOL) by comparing 5‐year disease‐free survivors to age‐matched controls and by comparing women who sustained a recurrence to disease‐free survivors. Controls were recruited using the neighborhood control methodology. QOL (physical, emotional, social, and spiritual) was assessed during in‐person interviews. There were no differences between disease‐free survivors (n=267) and controls (n=187) on many indicators of QOL. However, survivors reported more difficulties with physical functioning, more physical symptoms, and more faith than did controls (all ps < 0.05). Compared to disease‐free survivors, survivors with a recurrence (n=37) had a worse QOL on most indices, less positive affect, more general fatigue, and more intrusive and avoidant thoughts (all ps < 0.05). There were no differences between the two groups of survivors on indices of marriage, work experiences, or spirituality. These findings suggest that the QOL of long‐term survivors who remain disease‐free is comparable to that of women their age with the exception of physical functioning. Women who sustain a recurrence suffer an impaired QOL in some, but not all, domains. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An exploration of postgraduate students’ conceptions of the nature of argument

Academic argumentation and the practice of debate in the Western World have their roots in the Socratic-Aristotelian pursuit of the truth. Critical thinking, the logical consideration of strengths and weaknesses of a claim or proposal and contrasting it with alternative perspectives are central to this form of discourse and have been proposed as the highest form of reasoning. Siegel (1988, p. 13) describes such argumentation as “skilled scepticism” where the thinker seriously questions his or her deepest beliefs and assumptions, challenges them and identifies contradictions and inconsistencies. There are alternatives to the Western tradition of argumentation. Typically in East Asia maintaining harmony and avoiding offence or confrontation appear to be of greater value and importance than æ ̆ ̄ÔÏÔÁ›·, 2010, 17 (4) ◆ 343-360 PSYCHOLOGY, 2010, 17 (4) ◆ 343-360
Low‐level plasma HIVs in patients on prolonged suppressive highly active antiretroviral therapy are produced mostly by cells other than CD4 T‐cells

The cellular source(s) and the clinical significance of persistent low‐level viremia, below 50 HIV RNA copies per ml of plasma, achieved in many patients with high adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) remain unclear. Also, it is not clear if residual plasma HIVs during HAART can become predominant populations in the rebounding plasma viral loads after therapy interruption. Since, different HIV quasispecies tend to compartmentalize in various cell types and tissue locations in patients during chronic infection, the phylogenetic relationships between HIV sequences amplified from residual plasma viruses and CD4 T cells of five patients on long‐term suppressive therapy were examined. Three of these patients stopped therapy voluntarily for 3 weeks, but only one of them demonstrated viral load rebound in plasma. In phylogenetic analyses, the residual plasma viruses were found to be distinct genetically from the majority of CD4 T cell‐associated virus populations in four of five patients. The compartmental analyses revealed that in all patients, plasma‐ and CD4 T cell‐derived viral sequences were compartmentalized separately. Interestingly, the plasma sequences obtained before and after HAART‐off in two patients were produced apparently from the same compartment, which was different from the circulating CD4 T cell‐compartment. These results suggest the possibility that residual plasma viruses in patients on long‐term suppressive HAART may be produced persistently from a cellular source yet to be identified, and are capable of spreading quickly in vivo, accounting for the rapid rebound of viral loads in plasma after therapy interruption. J. Med. Virol. 81:9–15, 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
What Causes Specific Language Impairment in Children?

Specific language impairment (SLI) is diagnosed when a child's language development is deficient for no obvious reason. For many years, there was a tendency to assume that SLI was caused by factors such as poor parenting, subtle brain damage around the time of birth, or transient hearing loss. Subsequently it became clear that these factors were far less important than genes in determining risk for SLI. A quest to find “the gene for SLI” was undertaken, but it soon became apparent that no single cause could account for all cases. Furthermore, although fascinating cases of SLI caused by a single mutation have been discovered, in most children the disorder has a more complex basis, with several genetic and environmental risk factors interacting. The clearest evidence for genetic effects has come from studies that diagnosed SLI using theoretically motivated measures of underlying cognitive deficits rather than conventional clinical criteria.
Research on Literacy Policy and Professional Development: National, State, District, and Teacher Contexts

The purpose of this article is to review the research on policy and professional development undertaken by the Center for the Improvement of Early Reading Achievement (CIERA) and to suggest how this work has advanced knowledge in these areas. This research provides a base for understanding the relations between effective teaching and learning in reading and the national, state, district, and school policy contexts that mediate classroom practice. The CIERA studies reviewed have consistently shown evidence of improved instruction and student literacy learning in contexts characterized by strong centralized supports, such as leadership within the school and/or district and networks or communities of practice that include strong teacher leaders. These findings lay the groundwork for future investigations of how best to establish such contexts in settings where they do not now exist, and of the resulting effects on students’ reading achievement. These findings also have implications for literacy policy research and literacy policy. They suggest that literacy policy research is likely to be most meaningful when it probes deeply into the relations among particular policy contexts, teacher practices, and specific types of student learning. They further suggest the need for accountability mechanisms that operate closer to the student—that is, at the district, school, and classroom levels as opposed to national and state levels.
Spectral Downscaling of Integrated Water Vapor Fields From Satellite Infrared Observations

Atmospheric water vapor is a crucial constituent affecting both climate change and hydrological cycle processes, whereas on the other hand, it has a significant impact on the electromagnetic signal propagation. Since the distribution of atmospheric water vapor strongly varies with time, location, and altitude, it is necessary to monitor it at high spatial and temporal resolution. Unfortunately, mapping its spatial distribution is difficult due to the lack of meteorological instrumentation at an adequate spatial and temporal observation scale. For many geophysical applications, there is also the need to reconstruct spatial details of integrated precipitable water vapor from information available only at coarser spatial scales. Spatial downscaling approaches can play a significant role when high-resolution water vapor retrievals from relatively new sensors, like synthetic aperture radars, or from conventional sensors, like the infrared radiometers MEdium Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS) or Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), are used in synergy to enhance the accuracy of integrated water vapor retrievals. In this context, this paper introduces some new methodological aspects to increase the spatial resolution of integrated precipitable water vapor observations using a statistical downscaling spectral approach. To highlight the potential and the usefulness of the proposed downscaling estimation procedure, collocated 250-m MERIS and 1-km MODIS acquisitions are used. Results reveal the ability of spectral downscaling to reproduce quite well the second-order statistical variability of the water vapor field at small spatial scales with a root-mean-square error comparable with conventional interpolation techniques.
EXAMINING RELATION BETWEEN EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND LIFE SATISFACTION ON THE EXAMPLE OF OUTDOOR SPORTS PARTICIPANTS

The purpose of this study is to examine relation between Emotional Inte lligence (EQ) and Life Satisfaction (LS) of mountaineer/rock climber, cyclists and hikers. Sampling group consists of mountaineers/rock climbers, cyclists and hikers whose number is not known exactly in Turkey. In this study sampling has been applied and electronic questionnaire form has been sent to all members of clubs which are bound to Turkish Cycling Federation (TCF) and Turkish Mountaineering Federation (TMF). The data has been gathered via electronic questionnaire form and in this study EQ and LS sca le has been used. The sampling group consist of 937 male (
The Antisocial Personalities

Contents: Introduction. Part I: Crime and Violence: Who Are the Perpetrators and Why Do They Do It? The Psychopathology of Crime. An Animal Model: The Bull Terrier. A Classification of Criminal Types. Part II: The Genetic and Evolutionary Background. Crime From an Evolutionary Perspective. Genes and the Mind. The Heritability of Criminality. Part III: The Psychopathic Personalities. The Psychopath: An Introduction to the Genus. The Classification of the Psychopathies. A Theory of Primary Psychopathy. Primary and Secondary Psychopathy. Further Contributions of R.D. Hare. Theories of Frontal Lobe Dysfunction. Other Theories of Psychopathy. Part IV: The Sociopathic Personalities. The Sociopath or Common Criminal. The Question of Race. Preventing Antisocial Personality.
Challenges and healthcare quality improvement strategies for asthma care for preschool children

v TABLE OF CONTENTS . vi LIST OF TABLES . viii LIST OF FIGURES . ix LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS . x INTRODUCTION . 1 Background . 1 Defining Asthma . 1 Diagnosis . 3 Diagnostic Challenge . 7 Risk Factors: . 12 Controlling Asthma . 17 Asthma Severity and Control Assessments. 17
Effects of an Extrinsic Constraint on the Tennis Serve

This study analysed the extrinsic constraint of induced aerodynamic flow (IAF) on the first serve by expert tennis players with temporal organization of the movement, as well as the velocity and amplitude of the racket motion analyzed. Twelve expert right-handed tennis players voluntarily participated in this study. Each player performed 20 trials without IAF and another 20 trials for each different speed configuration of induced cross-wind: 2.4 m/s; 4.3 m/s; 5.8 m/s; and random speed. The coefficient of variation, r-pearson test and the inferential test one-way ANOVA were used to compare movement data. The results suggest spatio-temporal adjustments depending on the wind speed. Moreover, statistical differences were identified on both the temporal organization of the serve and on the racket's motion amplitude and velocity. The intra- and inter-individual variability of the motor behavior shows the uniqueness of the serve movement of each player.
People re-identification using deep convolutional neural network

One key issue for people re-identification is to find good features or representation to bridge the gaps among different appearances of the same people, which is introduced by large variances in view point, illumination and non-rigid deformation. In this paper, we create a deep convolutional neural network (deep CNN) to solve this problem and integrate feature learning and re-identification into one framework. In order to deal with such ranking-like comparison problem, we introduce a linear support vector machine (linear SVM) to replace conventional softmax activation function. Instead of learning cross-entropy loss, we adopt a margin-based loss of pair-wise image to measure the similarity of the comparing pair. Although the proposed model is quite simple, the experimental result shows encouraging performance of our method.
Retinal Vascular Tortuosity in Hospitalized Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Diabetic Retinopathy in China

Context: Diabetic patients are at high risk for microvascular complications of disease such as diabetic retinopathy (DR) and diabetic neuropathy. Imaging the retinal micro-vasculature offers a chance to measure quantitatively the microvascular changes in diabetic patients’ onset and progression. However, the relation between retinal biomarkers and diabetic risk factors is unclear in Chinese hospitalized type 2 diabetic patients. Aims: To examine the associations of retinal vascular tortuosity with risk factors of type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy in Chinese hospitalized patients. Patients and Methods: Our cross-sectional study includes 504 participants with type 2 diabetes hospitalized in the department of endocrinology in Shengjing hospital, Shenyang, China. Patients’ socio-demographic, clinical and biological information was retrieved from their ID card, the interview, and the local hospital information system. Retinal photographs were taken by laser-scanning ophthalmoscopy of both eyes and checked if gradable for analysis. The weighted mean and standard deviation of tortuosity were calculated from the retinal photographs using a novel robust and fully automatic quantitative method. DR was assessed from the retinal photographs by the ophthalmologist according to the modified Airlie House classification into No DR and Any DR in our current study. Data were analyzed by SPSS Version 22 with Student’s t test, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test, and linear regression. Results: For the total participants (504) in this study, the weighted mean and standard deviation (SD) of tortuosity was 12.05 × 10? 3 (SD: 1.66 × 10? 3) and 24.31 × 10? 3 (SD: 3.69 × 10? 3), respectively. 386 (76.6%) patients were diagnosed with DR who had older age, long duration of diabetes, higher brachial ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), higher systolic blood pressure (SBP), higher diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and higher retinal vascular tortuosity values. In univariable linear regression analyses, older age, longer duration, higher baPWV, higher urine microalbuminuria, higher urine albumin/creatinine ratio, diagnosed with high blood pressure, thrombosis or Any DR, were significantly associated with both higher tortuosity measures (all P values
Ethnic differences in pain among outpatients with terminal and end-stage chronic illness.

OBJECTIVE To explore ethnic and country of origin differences in pain among outpatients with terminal and end-stage chronic illness. DESIGN Cohort study within a year-long trial of a palliative care consultation. SETTING Outpatient general medicine practice in an academic medical center. PATIENTS Ninety patients with advanced congestive heart failure, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or cancer, and with a prognosis between 1 and 5 years. OUTCOME MEASURES Patients' report of pain using the Brief Pain Inventory and analgesic medications prescribed by primary care physicians. Differences in pain report and treatment were assessed at study entry, at 6 and 12 months. RESULTS The overall burden of pain was high. Patients of color reported more pain than white patients, including measures of least pain (P = 0.02), average pain (P = 0.05), and current pain (P = 0.03). No significant ethnic group differences in pain were found comparing Asian, black, and Latino patients. Although nearly all patients who were offered opioid analgesics reported using them, opioids were rarely prescribed to any patient. There were no differences in pain between patients born in the U.S. and immigrants. CONCLUSIONS Pain is common among outpatients with both terminal and end-stage chronic illness. There do not appear to be any differences in pain with regard to country of origin, but patients of color report more pain than white patients. Patients of all ethnicities are inadequately treated for their pain, and further study is warranted to explore the relative patient and physician contributions to the finding of unequal symptom burden and inadequate treatment effort.
Identity, categorization and sequential organization: the sequential and categorial flow of identity in a radio phone-in

Radio phone-in programmes have been the subject of a number of studies using the methodology of conversation analysis. Although this has been successful in making apparent the sequential organization of this type of interaction, little has been said about its categorial organization. Adopting an ethnomethodological approach, it is demonstrated in this article that interaction on public access radio can be seen to rely upon categorial and sequential identities built up and developed upon over the course of interaction. By paying attention to the categorial features within media interaction, together with the sequential organization, it is possible to examine the way identities are reflexively developed in conjunction with the sequential flow of interaction. This in turn allows an analysis able to address the multilayered organizational methods used by members as part of the on-going flow of interaction.
Inter- and intrapatient variability in oral topotecan pharmacokinetics: implications for body-surface area dosage regimens.

Anticancer drugs still are dosed based on the body-surface area (BSA) of the individual patient, although the BSA is not the main predictor of the clearance for the majority of drugs. The relevance of BSA-based dosing has not been evaluated for topotecan yet. A retrospective pharmacological analysis was performed of kinetic data from four clinical Phase I studies in which topotecan was administered p.o. as a single agent combined with data from a combination study of topotecan and cisplatin. A strong correlation (r = 0.91) was found between the area under the plasma concentration time curve of the lactone and carboxylate forms of topotecan by plotting 326 data sets obtained from 112 patients receiving oral topotecan at dose levels ranging from 0.15-2.70 mg/m2. The intrapatient variability, studied in 47 patients sampled for 3 or more days, for the apparent lactone clearance, ranged from 7.4-69% (mean, 24 +/- 13%; median, 20%). The interpatient variabilities in the lactone clearance, calculated with the data of all studied patients, expressed in liter/h/m2 and in liter/h were 38% and 42%, respectively. In view of the relatively high inter- and intrapatient variabilities in topotecan clearance, in contrast to a variability of only 12% in the BSA of the studied patients, no advantage of BSA-based dosing was found over fixed dose regimens.
Effects of salt intake and angiotensin II on vascular reactivity to endothelin-1.

Hypertension produced by chronic infusion of angiotensin II (Ang II) is significantly blunted by blockade of endothelin-1 (ET-1) ET(A) subtype receptors. Furthermore, this model is salt-sensitive, and the antihypertensive response to ET(A) receptor blockade is more pronounced in animals on high salt intake. The goal of these experiments was to evaluate the effect of salt intake and Ang II on vascular reactivity to ET-1. In superior mesenteric arteries from normal male rats, studied in a standard muscle bath, incubation for 1 h with a subcontractile concentration of Ang II (10(-10) M) did not affect concentration-response curves to ET-1. Pressor responses in vivo to 2-h infusions of Ang II (5 ng/min) in rats maintained on normal or high salt intake were abolished by pretreatment with the ET(A) receptor antagonist ABT-627. The antagonist had no effect on pressor responses to phenylephrine (PE). In other experiments, rats maintained on either high or normal salt intake received continuous infusion of Ang II (5 ng/min i.v.) for 7 days, and then their superior mesenteric arteries were tested in the muscle bath. The maximum contractile response to ET-1 in arteries from Ang II-infused rats on normal salt intake was larger than in arteries from rats not receiving Ang II. Conversely, maximum responses to ET-1 in arteries from Ang II-infused rats on high salt intake were depressed compared with controls. No differences in vascular reactivity to PE were found. Thus, chronic in vivo exposure to Ang II results in specific salt-dependent changes in vascular reactivity to ET-1.
Exploring rhetoric: alcohol and Absolut Vodka advertisements

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to review current thinking about visual and verbal images used in advertising. It also aims to critique a range of current alcohol advertisements and provides practical analysis of the visual and verbal rhetoric contained within them.Design/methodology/approach – The article provides three empirical readings of alcohol advertisements. The first reading, presented by the authors, evaluates alcohol advertisements using the taxonomy of rhetoric, introduced by McQuarrie and Mick in 1996. They then offer a second reading of visual rhetoric, shown in the Absolut Vodka “Everything” advertisements, using the Phillips and McQuarrie's typology introduced in 2004.Findings – The first two qualitative readings of alcohol and Absolut Vodka advertisements show that there is high deviance in advertisements. However, with the introduction of taxonomies, detailed textual interpretations can be made, categorised and commented upon using socio‐cultural cues. In terms of the third empiri.
Natural disaster arrhythmia and action sports: The case of the Christchurch earthquake

Taking inspiration from French sociologist and philosopher Henri Lefebvre’s theory of ‘rhythmanalysis’, the author advocates new ways of thinking about the impact of natural disaster on the bodies and everyday mobilities of those who continue to live in disrupted spaces. Drawing upon interviews conducted with residents living in Christchurch, New Zealand, before, during and after the devastating February 2011 earthquake, she explains how this ‘arrhythmic’ experience forced many to rethink the importance of sport and physical activity in their everyday lives, and for their affective connections to space, place, family and community. She describes how some committed action sport participants adopted highly creative practices in order to continue their participation in sports such as surfing, skateboarding, mountain biking and climbing. In so doing, the familiar rhythms of recreational sport helped some cope with the many stresses of daily life during the long process of recovery, and contributed to the rebuilding of personal and collective identities, affective relationships with place, and a sense of belonging in post-disaster geographies.