Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Effekte von Einstellungen und subjektiven Erwartungen von Lehrkräften: Die Theorie des geplanten Verhaltens im Rahmen schulischer Inklusion

Auf Grundlage der Theorie des geplanten Verhaltens (Ajzen, 1985) wurden Einstellungen, Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen und die Subjektive Norm von 50 Grundschullehrkraften bezuglich der Inklusion von Kindern mit sonderpadagogischem Forderbedarf im Bereich des Lernens sowie der emotionalen und sozialen Entwicklung (ESE) erfasst und hinsichtlich ihrer Vorhersagekraft fur die Bereitschaft, differenzierende Unterrichtsstrategien anzuwenden, untersucht. Als signifikante Pradiktoren der Intention stellten sich Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen bzgl. einer inklusiven Unterrichtsgestaltung sowie Facetten der Einstellungen heraus. Die Einstellungen bezuglich des Forderschwerpunktes ESE fielen signifikant negativer aus als zum Forderschwerpunkt Lernen. Die Ergebnisse werden im Rahmen der aktuellen Forschungslage hinsichtlich ihrer praktischen Bedeutung diskutiert. (DIPF/Orig.) The Theory of Planned Behavoir (Ajzen, 1985) was used to examine if the intention of primary school teachers (N=50) to use differentiated instruction strategies is predicted by their attitudes towards the inclusion of students with special educational needs (SEN), their self-efficacy towards working in mainstream classrooms and the social pressure they feel. Parts of the teachers' self-efficacy and attitudes were found to be predictive for the intention. Furthermore, the attitudes towards the inclusion of students with behavior difficulties were significantly more negative than those for the inclusion of students with learning difficulties. Conclusions are drawn for further research and practical impact. (DIPF/Orig.)
Discovery of Unconventional Patterns for Sequence Analysis: Theory and Algorithms

The pattern discovery task (or equivalently motif inference) is the knowledge discovery process that, given a dataset and some constrains either on the combinatorial pattern structure or on the occurrence lists, returns all the patterns satisfying the given constraints. In this thesis, we consider the problem of discovering patterns in sequential data, such as texts, biological sequences, access logs, etc. When it comes to defining what is a pattern, several classes have been proposed in literature. For example, rigid patterns like p = c◦tc where the don’t care symbol ◦ matches any single character of the input alphabet Σ, or gapped patterns like p = ctt− 2, 3 − tc where the gap represents either a sequence of 2 or 3 don’t cares (we refer to [154] for a thorough discussion of the above classes of patterns). The adjective “unconventional” in the title of this thesis is referred to the unusual combinatorial structure of the patterns we are going to investigate. In fact, while the classic literature of this field focus on string patterns (maybe with wildcards), our line of research explores three different kind of patterns: mask patterns, where each pattern represents a set of string patterns with wildcards, permutation patterns where each pattern is a multiset of characters, and the order of the contained symbols doesn’t matter, and transposons which, roughly speaking, represent the non-conserved regions of a global alignment.
Changes Induced by Exposure of the Human Lung to Glass Fiber–Reinforced Plastic

The inhalation of glass dusts mixed in resin, generally known as glass fiber–reinforced plastic (GRP), represents a little-studied occupational hazard. The few studies performed have highlighted nonspecific lung disorders in animals and in humans. In the present study we evaluated the alteration of the respiratory system and the pathogenic mechanisms causing the changes in a group of working men employed in different GRP processing operations and exposed to production dusts. The study was conducted on a sample of 29 male subjects whose mean age was 37 years and mean length of service 11 years. All of the subjects were submitted to a clinical check-up, basic tests, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL); microscopic studies and biochemical analysis were performed on the BAL fluid. Tests of respiratory function showed a large number of obstructive syndromes; scanning electron microscopy highlighted qualitative and quantitative alterations of the alveolar macrophages; and transmission electron microscopy revealed the presence of electron-dense cytoplasmatic inclusions indicating intense and active phlogosis (external inflammation). Biochemical analyses highlighted an increase in protein content associated with alterations of the lung oxidant/antioxidant homeostasis. Inhalation of GRP, independent of environmental concentration, causes alterations of the cellular and humoral components of pulmonary interstitium; these alterations are identified microscopically as acute alveolitis.
Global performance of agricultural robots

Global performance of agricultural robots is discussed to design the structure system reasonably. First, problems of the theoretical field capacity are summarized. Then a new macroscopic working environmental model is proposed. Third, the theoretical field capacity is extended to solve the problems based on two fundamental equations of working space and working time. Finally the validity of the extended theoretical field capacity is confirmed by deriving two design guidelines for structure systems of agricultural robots.
EFFECT OF A PROPOLIS EXTRACT ON STREPTOCOCCUS MUTANS COUNTS IN VIVO

Objective: To evaluate the antibacterial action of an extract of geopropolis produced by the bee Melipona compressipes fasciculata on the concentration of Streptococcus mutans colonizing the oral cavity of young patients. Forty-one young volunteers performed 21 mouth rinses divided into three rinses per day for 7 days, with no other changes in their oral hygiene and dietary habits. Saliva was collected at three time points: before the first rinse, and one hour and 7 days after the first rinse. A reduction in the concentration of S. mutans was observed in 49% of all samples collected after use of the extract, 26% showed no alterations, and an increasing in S. mutans was observed in 25%. Was performed with the Statistica for Windows 5.9 program using the Kruskal-Wallis test for analysis of variance and the Mann-Whitney U test, with the level of significance set at 5%. The propolis extract possesses in vivo antimicrobial activity against S. mutans present in the oral cavity and might be used as an alternative measure to prevent dental caries.
ATTENTION AND PSYCHOMOTOR REACTIONS AMONG STUDENTS FROM SPORT AND NON-SPORT CLASSES

1 Wydział Pedagogiki i Psychologii, Instytut Psychologii, Uniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego w Bydgoszczy, Polska 2 Zakład Psychologii Rehabilitacyjnej, Uniwersytet Mikołaja Kopernika, Collegium Medicum w Bydgoszczy, Polska 1 Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology, Institute of Psychology, Kazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland 2 Department of Rehabilitation Psychology at Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Poland
The Impact of Simvastatin on Pulmonary Effectors of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection

The statin family of cholesterol-lowering drugs is known to have pleiotropic properties which include anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. Statins exert their pleiotropic effects by altering expression of human immune regulators including pro-inflammatory cytokines. Previously we found that statins modulate virulence phenotypes of the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and sought to investigate if simvastatin could alter the host response to this organism in lung epithelial cells. Simvastatin increased the expression of the P. aeruginosa target genes KLF2, KLF6, IL-8 and CCL20. Furthermore, both simvastatin and P. aeruginosa induced alternative splicing of KLF6. The novel effect of simvastatin on wtKLF6 expression was found to be responsible for induction of the KLF6 regulated genes CCL20 and iNOS. Simvastatin also increased the adhesion of P. aeruginosa to host cells, without altering invasion or cytotoxicity. This study demonstrated that simvastatin had several novel effects on the pulmonary cellular immune response.
Modeling Topics and Behavior of Microbloggers

Microblogging encompasses both user-generated content and behavior. When modeling microblogging data, one has to consider personal and background topics, as well as how these topics generate the observed content and behavior. In this article, we propose the Generalized Behavior-Topic (GBT) model for simultaneously modeling background topics and users’ topical interest in microblogging data. GBT considers multiple topical communities (or realms) with different background topical interests while learning the personal topics of each user and the user’s dependence on realms to generate both content and behavior. This differentiates GBT from other previous works that consider either one realm only or content data only. By associating user behavior with the latent background and personal topics, GBT helps to model user behavior by the two types of topics. GBT also distinguishes itself from other earlier works by modeling multiple types of behavior together. Our experiments on two Twitter datasets show that GBT can effectively mine the representative topics for each realm. We also demonstrate that GBT significantly outperforms other state-of-the-art models in modeling content topics and user profiling.
Interest groups and social media: An examination of cause and sectional groups' social media strategies in the EU

This paper examines social media use by cause and sectional interest groups in the European Union. The literature suggests that cause groups should focus on building a constituency more than sectional groups, because they do not offer exclusive benefits to their members. Cause groups face collective action problems more than sectional groups, so they have to take a proactive approach to community building. The nature of the causes cause groups lobby for is also more suitable for protest and thus calls to action. An in-depth analysis of a random sample of 1,000 tweets by cause and sectional groups reveals differences with respect to social media use. Cause groups use social media to pursue two-way communication with the public slightly—albeit not significantly—more than sectional groups. Cause groups mobilise the public to take action significantly and substantively more than specific interests.
Situational influences of religious VS. secular symbols on cognition in Nigeria

Nigeria is constitutionally a secular country but its citizens are rated among the most religious in the world by several surveys. Religious symbolism is conspicuous in Nigeria, littered from educational institutions to work environments and market places. Semiotics and semantics have a rich history of the study of symbols, however, symbols are also utilized as primes in psychology. Research in social and cognitive psychology suggest that symbols, particularly when embedded with emotive meaning, serve to reinforce particular associated and learnt constructs. The present thesis assesses how religious vs. secular symbols interact with specific cognitive processes and mechanisms (Type I and Type II cognitive processes, agency detection, need for cognitive closure, and immortality bias). Five studies were carried out in Nigeria. Study One showed a high rate of God references in two non-religious Nigerian national newspapers (broadsheet and tabloid). The hypotheses of Studies Two to Five were tested across religious vs. secular situational influences. Studies Two and Three tested hypotheses related to the rationality vs. religion debate through the default interventionist dual process theory. Study Four assessed how Nigerian children (aged 5 to 11 years old) conceive of retrograde immortality through reasoning by analogy about future immortality. Study Five A replicated the previously-reported correlation between need for cognitive closure and religious fundamentalism. Study Five B showed that when uncertainty is primed in individuals the detection of supernatural agency positively mediates, and the detection of human agency negatively mediates, the relationship between need for cognitive closure and religious fundamentalism. Aspects of dual processes theories and the Cognitive Science of Religion (CSR) that are concerned with implicit cognitive functions directly informed this series of experiments, however conformity and self-theories offer complementary explicit/social perspectives. Two sets of recommendations are offered; the first addresses future research in psychology, such as the separation of content from process in the rationality vs. religion debate. The second addresses policy recommendations at three interconnected levels (macro, institutional, and individual).
Vibrotactile Sensory Substitution Elicits Feeling of Ownership of an Alien Hand

Tactile feedback plays a key role in the attribution of a limb to the self and in the motor control of grasping and manipulation. However, due to technological limits, current prosthetic hands do not provide amputees with cutaneous touch feedback. Recent findings showed that amputees can be tricked into experiencing an alien rubber hand as part of their own body, by applying synchronous touches to the stump which is out of view, and to the rubber hand in full view. It was suggested that similar effects could be achieved by using a prosthesis with touch sensors that provides synchronous cutaneous feedback through an array of tactile stimulators on the stump. Such a prosthesis holds the potential to be easily incorporated within one’s body scheme, because it would reproduce the perceptual illusion in everyday usage. We propose to use sensory substitution – specifically vibrotactile – to address this issue, as current haptic technology is still too bulky and inefficient. In this basic study we addressed the fundamental question of whether visuo-tactile modality mismatch promotes self-attribution of a limb, and to what extent compared to a modality-matched paradigm, on normally-limbed subjects. We manipulated visuo-tactile stimulations, comprising combinations of modality matched, modality mismatched, synchronous and asynchronous stimulations, in a set of experiments fashioned after the Rubber Hand Illusion. Modality mismatched stimulation was provided using a keypad-controlled vibrotactile display. Results from three independent measures of embodiment (questionnaires, pointing tests and skin conductance responses) indicate that vibrotactile sensory substitution can be used to induce self-attribution of a rubber hand when synchronous but modality-conflicting visuo-tactile stimulation is delivered to the biological finger pads and to the equivalent rubber hand phalanges.
Properties of risk capital allocation methods: Core Compatibility, Equal Treatment Property and Strong Monotonicity

In finance risk capital allocation raises important questions both from theoretical and practical points of view. How to share risk of a portfolio among its subportfolios? How to reserve capital in order to hedge existing risk and how to assign this to different business units? We use an axiomatic approach to examine risk capital allocation, that is we call for fundamental properties of the methods. Our starting point is Csoka and Pinter (2011) who show by generalizing Young (1985)'s axiomatization of the Shapley value that the requirements of Core Compatibility, Equal Treatment Property and Strong Monotonicity are irreconcilable given that risk is quantified by a coherent measure of risk. In this paper we look at these requirements using analytic and simulations tools. We examine allocation methods used in practice and also ones which are theoretically interesting. Our main result is that the problem raised by Csoka and Pinter (2011) is indeed relevant in practical applications, that is it is not only a theoretical problem. We also believe that through the characterizations of the examined methods our paper can serve as a useful guide for practitioners.
On the Convergence Theory of Trust-Region-Based Algorithms for Equality-Constrained Optimization

In a recent paper, Dennis, El-Alem, and Maciel proved global convergence to a stationary point for a general trust-region-based algorithm for equality-constrained optimization. This general algorithm is based on appropriate choices of trust-region subproblems and seems particularly suitable for large problems. This paper shows global convergence to a point satisfying the second-order necessary optimality conditions for the same general trust-region-based algorithm. The results given here can be seen as a generalization of the convergence results for trust-regions methods for unconstrained optimization obtained by More and Sorensen. The behavior of the trust radius and the local rate of convergence are analyzed. Some interesting facts concerning the trust-region subproblem for the linearized constraints, the quasi-normal component of the step, and the hard case are presented. It is shown how these results can be applied to a class of discretized optimal control problems.
Outcomes of ventricular tachycardia ablation in patients with structural heart disease: The impact of electrical storm

Aims To investigate predictors of long-term outcomes after catheter ablation (CA) for ventricular tachycardia (VT) and the impact of electrical storm (ES) prior to index ablation procedures. Methods We studied consecutive patients with structural heart disease and VT (n = 328; age: 63±12 years; 88% males; 72% ischaemic cardiomyopathy; LVEF: 32±12%) who had undergone CA. According to presenting arrhythmia at baseline, they were divided into ES (n = 93, 28%) and non-ES groups. Clinical predictors of all-cause mortality were investigated and a clinically useful risk score (SCORE) was constructed. Results During a median follow-up of 927 days (IQR: 564–1626), 67% vs. 60% of patients (p = 0.05) experienced VT recurrence in the ES vs. the non-ES group, respectively; and 41% vs. 32% patients died (p = 0.02), respectively. Five factors were independently associated with mortality: age >70 years (hazard ratio (HR): 1.6, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1–2.4, p = 0.01), NYHA class ≥3 (HR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.2–2.9, p = 0.005), a serum creatinine level >1.3 mg/dL (HR: 1.6, 95% CI: 1.1–2.3, p = 0.02), LVEF ≤25% (HR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.6–3.5, p = 0.00004), and amiodarone therapy (HR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.0–2.2, p = 0.03). A risk SCORE ranging from 0–4 (1 point for either high-risk age, NYHA, creatinine, or LVEF) correlated with mortality. ES during index ablation independently predicted mortality only in patients with a SCORE ≤1. Conclusions Advanced LV dysfunction, older age, higher NYHA class, renal dysfunction, and amiodarone therapy, but not ES, were predictors of poor outcomes after CA for VT in the total population. However, ES did predict mortality in a low-risk sub-group of patients.
Tuning of the sequence technique for the assessment of baroreflex function in mice

HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires publics ou privés. Tuning of the sequence technique. Dominique Laude, Véronique Baudrie, Jean-Luc Elghozi
A culturally responsive framework for enhancing phonological awareness development in children with speech and language impairment

In this article an example of a culturally responsive approach to working with children with speech–language impairment is discussed. The approach is centered on the premise that early literacy success is critical to these children's academic achievement and that multiple variables will contribute to children's literacy development. The example is novel in that it integrates a science-based model, the Component Model of Reading, with indigenous writings related to indicators for academic success, namely the importance of cultural identity, resilience, a sense of place, bicultural education, and the importance of family. This framework is termed ‘A Braided Rivers Approach' and is used in this article to discuss how speech–language therapists and teachers can advance children's phonological awareness development in ways that maximize the benefits for their early reading and spelling development and that values and respects children's cultural identity and background, particularly for children with speech–language impairment who are at risk of experiencing written language difficulties.
Genetically engineered mice with an additional class of cone photoreceptors: Implications for the evolution of color vision

Among eutherian mammals, only primates possess trichromatic color vision. In Old World primates, trichromacy was made possible by a visual pigment gene duplication. In most New World primates, trichromacy is based on polymorphic variation in a single X-linked gene that produces, by random X inactivation, a patchy mosaic of spectrally distinct cone photoreceptors in heterozygous females. In the present work, we have modeled the latter strategy in a nonprimate by replacing the X-linked mouse green pigment gene with one encoding the human red pigment. In the mouse retina, the human red pigment seems to function normally, and heterozygous female mice express the human red and mouse green pigments at levels that vary between animals. Multielectrode array recordings from heterozygous female retinas reveal significant variation in the chromatic sensitivities of retinal ganglion cells. The data are consistent with a model in which these retinal ganglion cells draw their inputs indiscriminately from a coarse-grained mosaic of red and green cones. These observations support the ideas that (i) chromatic signals could arise from stochastic variation in inputs drawn nonselectively from red and green cones and (ii) tissue mosaicism due to X chromosome inactivation could be one mechanism for driving the evolution of CNS diversity.
Comparative genomic analyses identify the Vibrio harveyi genome sequenced strains BAA-1116 and HY01 as Vibrio campbellii

Three notable members of the Harveyi clade, Vibrio harveyi, Vibrio alginolyticus and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, are best known as marine pathogens of commercial and medical import. In spite of this fact, the discrimination of Harveyi clade members remains difficult due to genetic and phenotypic similarities, and this has led to misidentifications and inaccurate estimations of a species' involvement in certain environments. To begin to understand the underlying genetics that complicate species level discrimination, we compared the genomes of Harveyi clade members isolated from different environments (seawater, shrimp, corals, oysters, finfish, humans) using microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) and multilocus sequence analyses (MLSA). Surprisingly, we found that the only two V. harveyi strains that have had their genomes sequenced (strains BAA-1116 and HY01) have themselves been misidentified. Instead of belonging to the species harveyi, they are actually members of the species campbellii. In total, 28% of the strains tested were found to be misidentified and 42% of these appear to comprise a novel species. Taken together, our findings correct a number of species misidentifications while validating the ability of both CGH and MLSA to distinguish closely related members of the Harveyi clade.