Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ambivalent sexism and positive illusions of physical attractiveness in heterosexual romantic relationships

AMBIVALENT SEXISM AND POSITIVE ILLUSIONS OF PHYSICAL ATTRACTIVENESS IN HETEROSEXUAL ROMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS Michaela M. Engdahl, B.A., M.S. Marquette University, 2015 While considerable research has been devoted to the impact that the mainstream media and parents have on body image, less is known about how romantic partners’ beliefs and perceptions impact individuals’ evaluations of both their physical selves and their relationships. This study examined the influence of individually-endorsed cultural sexism on romantic partners’ tendency to hold positive illusions about their significant others’ physical appearance and the impact of sexism and positive illusions of physical attractiveness on body esteem and relationship satisfaction. Evidence of positive illusions of physical attractiveness was found, but there was no significant association between gender and positive illusion endorsement. There was no significant correlation between men’s benevolent sexism (BS) and their endorsement of positive illusions. Multiple regression analyses indicated that men’s and women’s endorsements of positive illusions did not significantly impact partners’ body esteem. Instead, results suggest that a person’s view of his/her self (i.e., self-ratings of attractiveness) most strongly impacts one’s body esteem. Additionally, men’s BS was found to positively impact women’s Sexual Attractiveness body esteem, while women’s BS positively impacted men’s Physical Attractiveness body esteem. Women’s BS was positively associated with their own Weight Concern body esteem while women’s hostile sexism (HS) was found to have a negative impact on this body esteem dimension. Multiple regression analyses did not produce significant findings with regard to women’s relationship satisfaction, while men’s relationship satisfaction was found to be positively impacted by their positive illusions of partners’ physical attractiveness. Implications of these findings are discussed.
Laquinimod in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: a review of the data so far

Laquinimod (ABR-215062) is a new orally available carboxamide derivative, which is currently developed for relapsing remitting (RR) and chronic progressive (CP) forms of multiple sclerosis (MS; RRMS or CPMS) as well as neurodegenerative diseases. Its mechanism of action may comprise immunomodulatory effects on T-cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells as well as neuroprotective effects with prominent actions on astrocytes. Laquinimod was tested in Phase II and III clinical trials in RRMS at different dosages ranging from 0.1 to 0.6 mg/day. The compound was well tolerated, yet at the dosages tested only led to moderate effects on the reduction of relapse rates as primary study endpoint in Phase III trials. In contrast, significant effects on brain atrophy and disease progression were observed. While there were no significant safety signals in the clinical trials, the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) refused marketing authorization for RRMS based on the assessment of the risk–benefit ratio with regard to data from animal studies. At present, the compound is further tested in RRMS as well as CPMS and Huntington’s disease at different concentrations. Results from these trials will further inform about the clinical benefit of laquinimod in patient cohorts with a persisting, but still insufficiently met need for safe and at the same time effective oral compounds with neuroprotective effects.
The role of Ta on twinnability in nanocrystalline Cu–Ta alloys

ABSTRACT Nanostructured Cu–Ta alloys show promise as high-strength materials in part due to their limited grain growth. In the present study, we elucidate the role of Ta on the transition from deformation twinning to dislocation-mediated slip mechanisms in nanocrystalline Cu through atomistic simulations and transmission electron microscopy characterization. In particular, computed generalized stacking fault energy curves show that as Ta content increases there is a shift from twinning to slip-dominated deformation mechanisms. Furthermore, heterogeneous twinnability from microstructural defects decreases with an increase in Ta. The computed effect of Ta on plasticity is consistent with the HRTEM observations. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT IMPACT STATEMENT We show for the first time using atomistic simulations and TEM that, similar to grain size, the Tanano-particles can be used to tailor the governing deformation mechanisms in NC-alloys.
Interactive comment on “ Variations of net primary productivity and phytoplankton community composition in the Southern Ocean as estimated from ocean-color remote sensing data ” by S . Takao

AR 1: As you kindly suggested, the extension of the SeaWiFS period could strengthen our results. However, we have found that sufficient data are unavailable for statistics during January 2008 and December 2009 (i.e., 7 out of 24 month data are only available in the period. In addition, less than 2 daily data are available per month at the maximum). In particular, because SeaWiFS data from January to February 2008 are unavailable, we cannot obtain the net primary productivity (NPP) and the dominant ratio (DR) for the PFTs during austral summer of 2008.
Bridging the Gap: Investigating Device-Feature Exposure in Cross-Platform Development

By traversing academia and developer communities, two predominant approaches to cross-platform mobile development have been identified, specifically Hybrid and Interpreted. Previous research has established the use and integration of platformand device-specific features to be core requirements for cross-platform frameworks. In this study we assess and discuss how the Hybrid and Interpreted approaches facilitate the use of native device features from within a JavaScript context, and how custom communication bridges are both developed and integrated. Our research motivation lies in data from an industry survey, stating that developers perceive device communication as a real painpoint. While both approaches exist to ease development of mobile apps, they are fundamentally different at a technical level. The article takes a technical approach, drawing evaluations and discussions from two app implementations. Our findings indicate that implementation and development of communication bridges are non-complex tasks, and that execution-time performance varies greatly.
Cognitive impairment in bipolar II disorder

Background Persistent impairments in neurocognitive function have been described in bipolar disorder. Aims To compare the cognitive performance of patients with bipolar II disorder with that of patients with bipolar I disorder and a healthy control group. Method The study included 71 euthymic patients with bipolar disorder (38 bipolar I, 33 bipolar II), who were compared on clinical and neuropsychological variables (e.g. executive function, attention, verbal and visual memory) and contrasted with 35 healthy controls on cognitive performance. Results Compared with controls, both bipolar groups showed significant deficits in most cognitive tasks including working memory (Digit Span Backwards, P=0.002) and attention (Digit Span Forwards, P=0.005; Trail Making Test, P=0.001). Those with type II disorders had an intermediate level of performance between the bipolar I group and the control group in verbal memory (P < 0.005) and executive functions (Stroop interference task, P=0.020). Conclusions Cognitive impairment exists in both subtypes of bipolar disorder, although more so in the bipolar I group. The best predictors of poor psychosocial functioning in bipolar II disorder were subclinical depressive symptoms, early onset of illness and poor performance on a measure related to executive function.
Reply to Eisenhut.

TO THE EDITOR—We thank Dr Eisenhut for his comments regarding possible myocarditis associated with human parechovirus-3 (HPeV-3) infection [1]. With respect to the cohort of 118 children we reported on from New South Wales, Australia [2], and further review of the medical records, 10 children had transthoracic echocardiograms that did not demonstrate evidence of myocarditis. All evaluations were performed in young infants aged 5–95 days at presentation. Eight children had serum troponin levels measured and 6 of these were >50 ng/L on at least 1 occasion (highest 189 ng/L). Four of the children with raised troponin levels also had echocardiograms. Two other children had normal serum creatinine kinase levels. At least 19 children had electrocardiograms (ECGs), the majority of which showed sinus tachycardia only. One ECG demonstrated supraventricular tachycardia in a child who also had an echocardiogram (only abnormality was a patent foramen ovale), both of which were normal on follow-up. Another ECG demonstrated occasional ventricular ectopics and sinus tachycardia. One child diagnosed with severe left ventricular dysfunction due to a congenital cardiac defect had an abnormal ECG, and serum troponin peaked at 7125 ng/L. She required
International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease Dovepress Hypertension, Poor Glycemic Control, and Microalbuminuria in Cuban Americans with Type 2 Diabetes

Purpose: To investigate to what degree the presence of hypertension (HTN) and poor glycemic control (GC) influences the likelihood of having microalbuminuria (MAU) among Cuban Americans with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Methods: A cross-sectional study conducted in Cuban Americans (n = 179) with T2D. Participants were recruited from a randomly generated mailing list purchased from Knowledge-Base Marketing, Inc. Blood pressure (BP) was measured twice and averaged using an adult size cuff. Glycosylated hemoglobin (A1c) levels were measured from whole blood samples with the Roche Tina-quant method. First morning urine samples were collected from each participant to determine MAU by a semiquantitative assay (ImmunoDip). Results: MAU was present in 26% of Cuban Americans with T2D. A significantly higher percentage of subjects with MA had HTN (P = 0.038) and elevated A1C (P = 0.002) than those with normoalbuminuria. Logistic regression analysis showed that after controlling for covariates, subjects with poor GC were 6.76 times more likely to have MAU if they had hypertension compared with those without hypertension (P = 0.004; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.83, 23.05). Conclusion: The clinical significance of these findings emphasizes the early detection of MAU in this Hispanic subgroup combined with BP and good GC, which are fundamentals in preventing and treating diabetes complications and improving individuals' renal and cardiovascular outcomes.
Safety of panitumumab-IRDye800CW and cetuximab-IRDye800CW for fluorescence-guided surgical navigation in head and neck cancers

Purpose: To demonstrate the safety and feasibility of leveraging therapeutic antibodies for surgical imaging. Procedures: We conducted two phase I trials for anti-epidermal growth factor receptor antibodies cetuximab-IRDye800CW (n=12) and panitumumab-IRDye800CW (n=15). Adults with biopsy-confirmed head and neck squamous cell carcinoma scheduled for standard-of-care surgery were eligible. For cetuximab-IRDye800CW, cohort 1 was intravenously infused with 2.5 mg/m2, cohort 2 received 25 mg/m2, and cohort 3 received 62.5 mg/m2. For panitumumab-IRDye800CW, cohorts received 0.06 mg/kg, 0.5 mg/kg, and 1 mg/kg, respectively. Electrocardiograms and blood samples were obtained, and patients were followed for 30 days post-study drug infusion. Results: Both fluorescently labeled antibodies had similar pharmacodynamic properties and minimal toxicities. Two infusion reactions occurred with cetuximab and none with panitumumab. There were no grade 2 or higher toxicities attributable to cetuximab-IRDye800CW or panitumumab-IRDye800CW; fifteen grade 1 adverse events occurred with cetuximab-IRDye800CW, and one grade 1 occurred with panitumumab-IRDye800CW. There were no significant differences in QTc prolongation between the two trials (p=0.8). Conclusions: Panitumumab-IRDye800CW and cetuximab-IRDye800CW have toxicity and pharmacodynamic profiles that match the parent compound, suggesting that other therapeutic antibodies may be repurposed as imaging agents with limited preclinical toxicology data.
Sintering Properties of Ti–6Al–4V Alloys Prepared Using Ti/TiH2 Powders

Ti­6Al­4Valloy specimens were prepared by sintering Ti/TiH2 powders with pre-alloyed TiAl and Al­V powders. Changes in the sintered density, Vickers hardness, and phase structure of the Ti­6Al­4V (Ti6Al4V) and hydrogenated Ti­6Al­4V (H-Ti6Al4V) alloys as a function of the vacuum sintering temperature (700­1,300°C) were investigated. The sintered density and Vickers hardness of the Ti6Al4V and the HTi6Al4V alloys increased as the sintering temperature increased, while the concentration of oxygen considerably decreased with increasing sintering temperature. The oxygen concentration of the H-Ti6Al4V alloy was lower than that of the Ti6Al4V alloy. The sintered density and Vickers hardness values of the Ti6Al4Vand H-Ti6Al4Valloys were almost the same. These results suggest that the preparation of Ti6Al4Valloy using TiH2 powder is more cost-effective and produces sintered products with lower oxygen concentrations. [doi:10.2320/matertrans.M2012304]
Biorefinery Process Combining Specel® Process and Selective Lignin Precipitation using Mineral Acids

Soda black liquors from the Specel® process, which used wheat straw as the raw material, were subjected to an acid precipitation process to recover the lignin. Lignin was isolated by acid precipitation using three different inorganics acids (H3PO4, H2SO4, and HCl) at three concentration levels, and at pH values of 2 and 4. Even though the highest lignin yield was achieved using phosphoric acid, the most economical inorganic acid was sulphuric acid. Physico-chemical characterizations of the precipitated lignin samples were performed using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) (for thermal properties), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and heteronuclear single quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC) (for chemical structures). No significant differences were found in the thermal properties and chemical structures of the isolated lignins, except for the lignin obtained with phosphoric acid to lower the black liquor from pH 10.72 to pH 2. Apart from the lignin fraction collected, the soda pulp obtained by the Specel® process using wheat straw could represent a good alternative for packaging industries.
The sensitivity of phallometric measures with rapists

The sensitivity of phallometric measures with rapists was investigated using individual rape indices of rapists and non-sex offenders from 14 published and unpublished data sets.Sensitivity (the probability of detecting deviant sexual arousal among rapists) was determined by alternately setting thespecificity (the probability of not detecting deviant sexual arousal among non-sex offenders) at 70%, 80% or 90%. Eight data sets showed sensitivity values equal to, or greater than, 60% when specificity was set at 90%. Stimulus sets that contained more brutal and graphic descriptions of rape produced higher sensitivity values. A conservative rape index cut-off score of 1.0 seems optimal in that it yields moderate sensitivity values while minimizing the number of individuals who are falsely classified as presenting deviant sexual arousal. Conditions that may increase the sensitivity of phallometric assessments are presented and discussed.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Recent Work Title A New Paradigm for Diagnosing Contributions to Model Aerosol Forcing Error Permalink

A new paradigm in benchmark absorption-scattering radiative transfer is presented that enables both the globally averaged and spatially resolved testing of climate model radiation parameterizations in order to uncover persistent sources of biases in the aerosol instantaneous radiative effect (IRE). A proof of concept is demonstrated with the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory AM4 and Community Earth System Model 1.2. 2 climate models. Instead of prescribing atmospheric conditions and aerosols, as in prior intercomparisons, native snapshots of the atmospheric state and aerosol optical properties from the participating models are used as inputs to an accurate radiation solver to uncover model-relevant biases. These diagnostic results show that the models’ aerosol IRE bias is of the same magnitude as the persistent range cited (~1 W/m) and also varies spatially and with intrinsic aerosol optical properties. The findings underscore the significance of native model error analysis and its dispositive ability to diagnose global biases, confirming its fundamental value for the Radiative Forcing Model Intercomparison Project.
Newly discovered landscape traps produce regime shifts in wet forests

We describe the “landscape trap” concept, whereby entire landscapes are shifted into, and then maintained (trapped) in, a highly compromised structural and functional state as the result of multiple temporal and spatial feedbacks between human and natural disturbance regimes. The landscape trap concept builds on ideas like stable alternative states and other relevant concepts, but it substantively expands the conceptual thinking in a number of unique ways. In this paper, we (i) review the literature to develop the concept of landscape traps, including their general features; (ii) provide a case study as an example of a landscape trap from the mountain ash (Eucalyptus regnans) forests of southeastern Australia; (iii) suggest how landscape traps can be detected before they are irrevocably established; and (iv) present evidence of the generality of landscape traps in different ecosystems worldwide.
The Bearing Surfaces in Total Hip Arthroplasty – Options, Material Characteristics and Selection

During total hip arthroplasty, both the femoral and acetabular bearing surfaces are surgically replaced with metallic, polymeric, and/or ceramic components. Throughout the twentieth century, many different combinations of these materials have been proposed and examined as bearing surfaces for total hip arthroplasty. Metal-on-metal total hip replacements were first implanted by Wiles in the 1930s and later developed in the 1950s and 1960s by pioneering surgeons like McKee and Ring. In 1958, Charnley introduced a ‘‘low-friction arthroplasty’’ based on the principle of a metallic femoral component articulating against a polymeric acetabular component, and in 1970, Boutin developed the first ceramic-on-ceramic total hip replacement. Charnley’s hard-on-soft bearing concept eventually dominated the hard-on-hard bearing alternatives. Today the most widely accepted bearing couple (i.e., combination of bearing materials for the hip joint) consists of a femoral head made from cobalt chromium molybdenum (cobalt chrome or CoCr) alloy articulating against a polymeric component fabricated from ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). The use of the CoCr/UHMWPE bearing couple has proved consistent results in total hip arthroplasties around the world for the past four decades. (Older 2002) In 1998, an estimated 700,000 UHMWPE hip components were implanted worldwide. Based on the report of major orthopaedic manufacturers, at most 200,000 metal-on-metal or ceramic-on-ceramic components have been implanted in patients worldwide between 1988 and 2000, corresponding to less than 10% of total hip replacements during the same time period. Therefore, the overwhelming majority (over 90%) of total hip arthroplasties currently in service throughout the world includes an UHMWPE or a modified UHMWPE component and is based upon Charnley’s original concept of hard-on-soft bearing. Despite the worldwide acceptance of total hip arthroplasty, wear of the UHMWPE component is a major obstacle limiting the longevity of these reconstructions. It is well established that particulate debris generated from the hard-on-soft articulating surfaces initiates a cascade of adverse tissue response leading to osteolysis and in certain cases loosening of the components. Extending the longevity of total joint replacements using alternative bearing technologies with improved wear behavior has been the subject of ongoing research in the orthopaedic community. Since the 1970s, researchers have attempted to improve the tribological characteristics of UHMWPE by modifying the polymer’s structure, with the ultimate goal of improving the in vivo wear performance of hip bearings. In the 1970s,
Depression in migrants and ethnic minorities

Migration and its associated processes can produce considerable stress on those who are migrating as well as on those around them. Depression should be a common sequel of the process, but is not consistently found to be so. This paper reviews the literature and suggests that various vulnerability factors, including culture shock and changed cultural identity, can play a role in the genesis of depression. Clinicians must be aware of patterns of migration and resilience factors in order to plan any intervention strategies. Stresses due to political and economic factors will have differing influences on the mental state of individuals. One possible contribution may be a discrepancy between aspiration and achievement, which can result in poor self-esteem, leading to depression.
Gut microbiota and metabolic disorders: how prebiotic can work?

Experimental data in animals, but also observational studies in obese patients, suggest that the composition of the gut microbiota differs in obese v. lean individuals, in diabetic v. non-diabetic patients or in patients presenting other diseases associated with obesity or nutritional dysbalance, such as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. In the present review, we will describe how changes in the gut microbiota composition and/or activity by dietary fibres with prebiotic properties, can modulate host gene expression and metabolism. We will evaluate their potential relevance in the management of obesity and related metabolic disturbances, in view of the experimental data and intervention studies published up to date.
Investigation of plastic deformation heterogeneities in duplex steel by EBSD

An EBSD analysis of a duplex steel (austeno-ferritic) deformed in tension up to fracture is presented. The main purpose of the paper is to describe, qualitatively and quantitatively, the differences in the behavior of the two phases during plastic deformation. In order to do so, several topological maps are measured on the deformed state using the electron backscatter diffraction technique. Distributions of grain size, misorientation, image quality factor and texture are then analyzed in detail.