Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Benign joint hypermobility syndrome in soldiers; what is the effect of military training courses on associated joint instabilities?

Background: Hypermobile joints are joints with beyond normal range of motion and may be associated with joint derangements. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of benign joint hypermobility syndrome (BJHS) among soldiers and effect of training courses on related joint instabilities. Materials and Methods: In a prospective cohort study on 721 soldiers of Iran Army in Isfahan in 2013 the prevalence of joint hypermobility was obtained by using Beighton criteria. Soldiers divided in two groups of healthy and suffered based on their scores. The prevalence of ankle sprain, shoulder and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) dislocations identified before beginning service by history-taking and reviewing paraclinical documents. After 3 months of military training, a recent occurrence of mentioned diseases was revaluated in two groups. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS-20 software using Independent-T and Chi-square tests. Results: The frequency of BJHS before military training was 29.4%. After passing military training period, the incidence of ankle sprain was significantly higher in suffered group achieving the minimum Beighton score (BS) of 4 (4.3%, P = 0.03), 5 (5.5%, P = 0.005) and also 6 out of 9 (6.5%, P = 0.01). The incidence of TMJ dislocation was not significantly different based on a minimum score of 4, while it was higher in suffered group when considering the score of 5 (2.1%) and 6 (2.6%) for discrimination of two groups (P = 0.03). There was no significant difference between two groups in case of shoulder dislocation anyway. Conclusion: Military training can increase the incidence of ankle sprains and TMJ dislocations in hypermobility persons with higher BS in comparison with healthy people. Therefore, screening of joint hypermobility may be useful in identifying individuals at increased risk for joint instabilities.
What Hurts? A Pilot Study Investigating Nonverbal Characteristics of Parent Reassurance and Distraction and Child Pain Outcomes

WHAT HURTS? A PILOT STUDY INVESTIGATING NONVERBAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PARENT REASSURANCE AND DISTRACTION AND CHILD PAIN OUTCOMES Rachel Moline Committee Member: Advisor: University of Guelph, 2017 Dr. Deborah Powell Dr. CM McMurtry Parent behaviours can impact a child’s pain experience during medical procedures; distraction associates with child coping, reassurance with negative child outcomes. To clarify these relations, this study examined if parents communicate fear during reassurance using the new Scheme for Understanding Parent Responses during Children’s Pain (SUPR-CP) which assesses parent nonverbal behaviours (e.g., facial expressions). Objectives were to: 1) examine relations between parent fear and reassurance, 2) assess if fearful and reassuring parents have children with more fear, 3) determine if parent fear predicted child fear, and 4) examine relations between parent trait mindfulness and catastrophizing, and child outcomes. Children aged 7 to 12 completed the Cold Pressor Task accompanied by their parent. Reassurance and distraction were identified using the Child-Adult Medical Procedure Interaction Scale. The SUPR-CP assessed parent fear. Children reported their pain and fear. Twenty-seven dyads participated. 1) Parent fear (SUPR-CP) was positively associated with reassurance (r=.49, 95% CI [.10, .75], p < .05). 2) Fearful and reassuring parents had children with more fear relative to children of other parents (t(21) = -1.98, 95% CI [-1.42, . 30], p=. 06). 3) Parent fear accounted for 21% of the variance in child fear. 4) Parent mindfulness was negatively related to child pain (r=-.34, 95% CI [-.64, .05], p=.08). Parental catastrophizing was not associated with child outcomes. In sum, parent fear associated with reassuring behaviours, and negatively associated with child pain and fear outcomes. Parent mindfulness associated with less child pain. Findings offer tentative evidence for fear as a mechanism behind the relation between reassurance and child outcomes.
A Comparative Framing Analysis of Major Violations in the National Collegiate Athletic Association

The present study used framing theory to analyze reports and articles from 1998 through 2016 offered by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and various newspapers to analyze the relationship between social-control agents and how they speak to specific audiences (e.g., public and NCAA members) about instances of misconduct by Division I members. The concept of conflict framing (i.e., frame alignment, counterframing, and reframing) is featured. The research demonstrated that episodic framing is more widespread than thematic framing, but it is used differently for specific audiences. The study also found that thematic framing is highly correlated with the normative approach and confirms that media outlets used assorted conflict-framing strategies (e.g., frame alignment, counterframing, and debunking) to emphasize that information on cases was false, incomplete, correct, or filtered. Different uses regarding precedent are also acknowledged, along with coverage concerning the type of institutio.
Children’s Perceptions of and Engagement in Urban Resilience in the United States and Mexico

Resilience planning is increasingly employed as a means for cities to anticipate and plan for environmental and social challenges. Children’s perspectives are underrepresented in this domain. Through drawings, murals, photographs, videos, and dialogues, children shared their perspectives on resilience in two disparate cities—Boulder, Colorado, USA, and Mexico City, Mexico. Elements that support and negate resilience were consistent between cities. However, the negative aspects of physical and social safety were more acutely felt in Mexico City. While children were clear about what composes a resilient city, integration of these ideas into resilience planning was more challenging, especially in Mexico City.
Distribution of neurons projecting to the superior colliculus correlates with thick cytochrome oxidase stripes in macaque visual area V2

In visual area V2 of macaque monkeys, cytochrome oxidase (CO) histochemistry reveals a pattern of alternating densely labeled thick and thin stripe compartments and lightly labeled interstripe compartments. This modular organization has been associated with functionally separate pathways in the visual system. We examined this idea further by comparing the pattern of CO stripes with the distribution of neurons in V2 that project to the superior colliculus. Visually evoked activity in the superior colliculus is known to be greatly reduced by blocking magnocellular but not parvocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN). From previous evidence that V2 thick stripes are closely associated with the magnocellular LGN pathway, we predicted that a significant proportion of V2 neurons projecting to the superior colliculus would reside in the thick stripes.
immobilization stress by in vivo blocking of IL-6 adaptations after multiple exposures to short Illuminating the interrelated immune and endocrine

You might find this additional info useful.This article cites€68 articles, 23 of which you can access for free at: http://ajpregu.physiology. org/content/292/4/R1439.full#ref-list-1This article has been cited by€3 other HighWire-hosted articles: http://ajpregu.physiology. org/content/292/4/R1439#cited-by Updated information and services including high resolution figures, can be found at: http://ajpregu.physiology. org/content/292/4/R1439.fulland Comparative Physiology can be found at: Additional material and information about American Journal of Physiology - Regulatory, Integrativehttp://www.the-aps.org/publications/ajpreguThis information is current as of June 7, 2013.
The Impact of Different Instructions on Vietnamese EFL Students’ Acquisition of Formulaic Sequences

The paper explores how various teaching methods, namely Phonology-Based Instruction (PBI) and Translation-Based Instruction (TBI), have an effect on students’ acquisition of formulaic sequences. 20 multiword expressions were taught to 48 Vietnamese EFL students from three intact classes as 2 treatment groups (PBI and TBI) and 1 control group. Right after completing the tasks, the three groups were tested on their ability to identify (Form Recognition) and produce (Form and Meaning Recall) the lexical phrases by an immediate post-test. A delayed test was administered two weeks later for better comparsion of their retention. The results showed that PBI and TBI groups significantly outperformed the control one on most of the test levels. Especially, TBI tended to be more effective than PBI in two cases as regards both Repeating and Non-repeating items. It is believed that if the results and the proposed suggestions of this research are taken into consideration, major improvements could occur in language teaching programs, leading to students’ higher vocabulary uptake.
Beyond the Perception-Behavior Link: The Ubiquitous Utility and Motivational Moderators of Nonconscious Mimicry.

We live in a social world, which necessitates interacting with a wide variety of people on a regular basis. Our contact with loved ones, friends, colleagues, neighbors, and strangers often influences what we say, feel, think, and do. This is neither surprising nor controversial; one can easily visualize ways in which we emotionally, cognitively, and behaviorally respond to the presence of others in social environments. While many of these influences are obvious, less obvious is the notion that the mere act of perceiving another person can have direct, unmediated effects on our behavior. Perception and behavior are inextricably intertwined such that people automatically behave as they perceive. This "perception-behavior link" refers to the unintentional, nonconscious effects of social perception on social behavior. Several consequences arise from the close link between perception and behavior. When we perceive the behaviors of others, we may proceed to unconsciously copy or mimic those behaviors. That is, perceiving observable aspects of others (e.g., their expressions, postures, behaviors) activates the associated representations in memory, which in turn makes us more likely to do the same. In addition to activating behavioral representations, perceiving these "observables" (Dijksterhuis & Bargh, 2001) may also lead to spontaneous trait inferences Thus, the perception of observables may activate specific behavioral representations, trait
A Study on Environmental Attitude and Ecological Behaviour

Changing human behaviour to save the environment is an extremely important topic. There is a big difference between knowing that people react negatively to filthy urban areas or to energy or resource shortages, and getting them to do something about solving problems. We need to devote more research attention to study how we can have a positive effect on the environment; as opposed to focusing as how it affects us. The present study aimed at finding out the relationship between environmental attitude and ecological behaviour among college students. A sample of 100 students from city colleges was selected using convenience sampling which includes 40 males and 60 females of age ranging from 18 to 32. The tools used in the study were Environmental Attitude scale (Florian Kaiser etal., 1999) and General Ecological Behaviour Scale (Kaiser & Wilson, 2003). Using Karl Pearson product moment correlation, it was found out that there was a significant relationship between environmental attitude and ecological behaviour among college students.
Lipid Rafts: Linking Alzheimer's Amyloid-β Production, Aggregation, and Toxicity at Neuronal Membranes

Lipid rafts are membrane microdomains, enriched in cholesterol and sphingolipids, into which specific subsets of proteins and lipids partition, creating cell-signalling platforms that are vital for neuronal functions. Lipid rafts play at least three crucial roles in Alzheimer's Disease (AD), namely, in promoting the generation of the amyloid-β (Aβ) peptide, facilitating its aggregation upon neuronal membranes to form toxic oligomers and hosting specific neuronal receptors through which the AD-related neurotoxicity and memory impairments of the Aβ oligomers are transduced. Recent evidence suggests that Aβ oligomers may exert their deleterious effects through binding to, and causing the aberrant clustering of, lipid raft proteins including the cellular prion protein and glutamate receptors. The formation of these pathogenic lipid raft-based platforms may be critical for the toxic signalling mechanisms that underlie synaptic dysfunction and neuropathology in AD.
Continuing Education Dispositions of NCAA-DI Football Strength and Conditioning Coaches: A Qualitative Analysis

Building and Recovering Trust in the Buyer-Seller Relationship Christopher A. Nelson This three-essay dissertation examines how trust is developed and recovered in the buyer-seller relationship. Specifically, the first essay examines how initial facial trustworthiness evaluations subconsciously affect trust perceptions based on an approach-avoidance decision. Findings from fMRI meta-analysis of nine studies supported this theory and uncovered the network of brain regions involved in this process. In the second essay, a grounded theory approach was used to examine trust recovery in the buyer-seller relationship. The results of this analysis indicated a three-step trust repair process is an optimized approach for achieving trust recovery. Contrary to the dominant view in the literature, this trust repair process focused on “making things right” with buyer instead of using persuasion techniques to shift blame for the trust damaging incident to a source external to the salesperson. The third essay developed a conceptual model for understanding trust recovery that was examined through the lens of equity theory. A longitudinal business-to-business experiment and a business-to-business survey provide evidence that fairness is a key missing mediator to increased trust recovery that explains why both verbal and behavioral repair strategies are effective.
WORKING PAPER SERIES FIRM ENTRY , TRADE , AND WELFARE IN ZIPF '

Firm size follows Zipf's Law, a very fat-tailed distribution that implies a few large firms account for disproportionate share of overall economic activity. This distribution of firm size is crucial for evaluating the welfare impact of economic policies such as barriers to entry or trade liberalization. Using a multi-country model of production and trade calibrated to the observed distribution of firm size, we show that the welfare impact of high entry costs is small. In the sample of the largest 50 economies in the world, a reduction in entry costs all the way to the U.S. level leads to an average increase in welfare of only 3.25%. In addition, when the firm size distribution follows Zipf's Law, the welfare impact of the extensive margin of trade -newly imported goods -is negligible. The extensive margin of imports accounts for only about 5.2% of the total gains from a 10% reduction in trade barriers in our model. This is because under Zipf's Law, the large, infra-marginal firms have a far greater welfare impact than the much smaller firms that comprise the extensive margin in these policy experiments. The distribution of firm size matters for these results: in a counterfactual model economy that does not exhibit Zipf's Law the gains from a reduction in fixed entry barriers are an order of magnitude larger, while the gains from a reduction in variable trade costs are an order of magnitude smaller. Julian di Giovanni International Monetary Fund 700 19th Street NW Washington, DC 20431 jdigiovanni@imf.org Andrei A. Levchenko Department of Economics University of Michigan 611 Tappan Street Ann Arbor, MI 48109 and NBER alev@umich.edu
Identity, mental health and work: How employees with mental health conditions recount stigma and the pejorative discourse of mental illness

This article asks how identity is constructed for individuals with mental health conditions (MHCs) in the workplace. It takes especial regard to how MHCs are discursively situated, constructed and reconstructed in the workplace. Employees with MHCs face a difficult situation: not only do they need to deal with the stigma and discrimination commonly associated with MHCs, but they must also manage their health condition whilst adhering to organizational demands to demonstrate performance and commitment to work. Discourse analysis derived from 32 interviews with individuals with MHCs delineates how these individuals feel both stigmatized and empowered by their MHCs. The findings address three discursive strands: (i) a pejorative construction of mental illness in employment and society; (ii) contesting mental illness at work by embracing mental health management skills; and (iii) recounting mental illness through public disclosure and change. This article enhances understanding of how the construction of positive identity in the face of negative attributions associated with MHCs contributes to literature on identity, organizations and stigma as well as raising implications for policy and practice.
Cells migrating to sites of tissue damage in response to the danger signal HMGB1 require NF-κB activation

Tissue damage is usually followed by healing, as both differentiated and stem cells migrate to replace dead or damaged cells. Mesoangioblasts (vessel-associated stem cells that can repair muscles) and fibroblasts migrate toward soluble factors released by damaged tissue. Two such factors are high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), a nuclear protein that is released by cells undergoing unscheduled death (necrosis) but not by apoptotic cells, and stromal derived factor (SDF)–1/CXCL12. We find that HMGB1 activates the canonical nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway via extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation. NF-κB signaling is necessary for chemotaxis toward HMGB1 and SDF-1/CXCL12, but not toward growth factor platelet-derived growth factor, formyl-met-leu-phe (a peptide that mimics bacterial invasion), or the archetypal NF-κB–activating signal tumor necrosis factor α. In dystrophic mice, mesoangioblasts injected into the general circulation ingress inefficiently into muscles if their NF-κB signaling pathway is disabled. These findings suggest that NF-κB signaling controls tissue regeneration in addition to early events in inflammation.
Lecturer experiences of TVET College challenges in the post-apartheid era: a case of unintended consequences of educational reform in South Africa

Abstract Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in South Africa has undergone major institutional, structural and curricular changes over the last fourteen years. Drawing on figurational sociology by Norbert Elias, the study worked within a qualitative research paradigm and used open-ended interviews to investigate lecturers’ experiences of TVET challenges in the post-apartheid educational reform era. Findings revealed lack of compatibility between curricular reforms, student type and lecturers’ adaptability to the reform. Research further disclosed unintended consequences of educational change and existence of tensions between perceptions, vision and experiences of lecturers and students with the national vision of skills development for the country’s economic benefits.
Iterative Multiuser Detection and Decoding

| An iterative detection and decoding algorithm is explored for a convolutionally coded DSCDMA system. The optimum decoding strategy is to consider the trellises of all the users simultaneously, but this has exponential complexity in the number of users. We use an iterative +multistage detection scheme combined with the MAP algorithm to reduce the complexity of the receiver without signi cant performance degradation. The simulation results show that our algorithm consistently outperforms other existing low complexity algorithms. We also provide a framework where the similarities and di erences between various algorithms become transparent. Based on this framework, we make a quantitative comparison of the various schemes under investigation.
Empirical assessment of short‐term variability from utility‐scale solar PV plants

Variability of solar power is a key driver in increasing the cost of integrating solar power into the electric grid because additional system resources are required to maintain the grid's reliability. In this study, we characterize the variability in power output of six photovoltaic plants in the USA and Canada with a total installed capacity of 195 MW (AC); it is based on minute‐averaged data from each plant and the output from 390 inverters. We use a simple metric, “daily aggregate ramp rate” to quantify, categorize, and compare daily variability across these multiple sites. With this metric, the effect of geographic dispersion is observed, while controlling for climatic differences across the plants. Additionally, we characterized variability due to geographical dispersion by simulating a step by step increase of the plant size at the same location. We observed maximum ramp rates for 5, 21, 48, and 80 MWAC plants, respectively, as 0.7, 0.58, 0.53, and 0.43 times the plant's capacity. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Parallel Parsing Algorithms and VLSI Implementations for Syntactic Pattern Recognition

Earley's algorithm has been commonly used for the parsing of general context-free languages and the error-correcting parsing in syntactic pattern recognition. The time complexity for parsing is 0(n3). This paper presents a parallel Earley's recognition algorithm in terms of an ``X*'' operator. By restricting the input context-free grammar to be ¿-free, the parallel algorithm can be executed on a triangular-shape VLSI array. This array system has an efficient way of moving data to the right place at the right time. Simulation results show that this system can recognize a string with length n in 2n + 1 system time. We also present a parallel parse-extraction algorithm, a complete parsing algorithm, and an error-correcting recognition algorithm. The parallel complete parsing algorithm has been simulated on a processor array which is similar to the triangular VLSI array. For an input string of length n the processor array will give the correct right-parse at system time 2n + 1 if the string is accepted. The error-correcting recognition algorithm has also been simulated on a triangular VLSI array. This array recognizes an erroneous string of length n in time 2n + 1 and gives the correct error count. These parallel algorithms are especially useful for syntactic pattern recognition.
USP33 mediates Slit‐Robo signaling in inhibiting colorectal cancer cell migration

Originally discovered in neuronal guidance, the Slit‐Robo pathway is emerging as an important player in human cancers. However, its involvement and mechanism in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains to be elucidated. Here, we report that Slit2 expression is reduced in CRC tissues compared with adjacent noncancerous tissues. Extensive promoter hypermethylation of the Slit2 gene has been observed in CRC cells, which provides a mechanistic explanation for the Slit2 downregulation in CRC. Functional studies showed that Slit2 inhibits CRC cell migration in a Robo‐dependent manner. Robo‐interacting ubiquitin‐specific protease 33 (USP33) is required for the inhibitory function of Slit2 on CRC cell migration by deubiquitinating and stabilizing Robo1. USP33 expression is downregulated in CRC samples, and reduced USP33 mRNA levels are correlated with increased tumor grade, lymph node metastasis and poor patient survival. Taken together, our data reveal USP33 as a previously unknown tumor‐suppressing gene for CRC by mediating the inhibitory function of Slit‐Robo signaling on CRC cell migration. Our work suggests the potential value of USP33 as an independent prognostic marker of CRC.