Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Emotion brain alterations in anorexia nervosa: a candidate biological marker and implications for treatment.

BACKGROUND Identification of the biological markers of anorexia nervosa (AN) is crucial for the development of new treatments. We aimed to determine whether AN is associated with disturbances in the nonconscious neural processing of innate signals of emotion and whether these disturbances persist after weight gain. METHODS In a retest design, 28 adolescent females with AN were tested at first ad not mission to hospital and again after they had gained weight. Matched healthy control participants were tested at the same times. We assessed emotion-elicited event-related potentials (ERPs) during overt and covert presentation of emotion expressions, scores on an emotion-identification behavioural task, and symptom measures. We performed between and within group analyses. RESULTS Individuals with AN had a marked alteration in ERPs relative to healthy controls. Irrespective of the form of stimulus, early and late ERP componotnents were significantly reduced in AN patients at baseline (when underweight) and on retest (after weight gain), especially in the temporo-occipital regions, suggesting a persistent disruption of the early automatic appraisal of salient emotional signals. LIMITATIONS This study could have been improved with a longer standardized retest interval. CONCLUSION There is likely a core, generic disturbance in AN in the early "automatic" neural processing of emotion irrespective of weight or nutritional status. New innovative emotion-based psychologic or pharmacologic treatments targeting these nonconscious processes may prove beneficial.
Ecology of Leaf Teeth: a Multi-site Analysis from an Australian Subtropical Rainforest 1

The sensitivity of leaf teeth to climate is well known and widely reported. Notably, a signifi cant, negative correlation between the percentage of nonmonocot (" dicot ") woody angio-sperms in mesic fl oras with toothed leaves and mean annual temperature (MAT) has been observed in East Asia, the Ameri-Recent work in present-day eastern North American forests demonstrates that the size and number of teeth also correlate negatively with MAT (Huff et al., 2003 ; Royer et al., 2005 , 2008). However, despite leaf teeth being strongly linked to temperature, less is known about their sensitivity to most other ecological variables (e. The primary goal of this study is to examine how ecological attributes related to disturbance, water availability, and growth strategy infl uence the distribution of toothed species at 227 sites in the humid Australian subtropics (Fig. 1). Specifi cally, we determine how topographic position (ridge crest to creek/gully) and distance to coastline impact the relative richness and abundance of toothed species, including possible underlying causes. Because attributes of fossil leaf teeth, particularly the percentage of toothed species at a single locality, are important components of several paleoclimate methods (e., we discuss how our results may affect these approaches. For example, habitat-related differences in the distribution of toothed species may generate errors in paleocli-mate reconstruction if habitats differ greatly between calibration and fossil sites. Our work also contributes to knowledge on leaf-teeth ecology in Gondwanan fl oras, a topic little studied by comparison to the northern hemisphere (e. Our study area encompasses two forest community types (sensu Webb, 1968 , 1978): simple notophyll vine forest (SNVF) and complex notophyll vine forest (CNVF). Because MAT varies minimally across sites (< 3 ° C), we can closely examine the infl uences of more subtle factors on leaf teeth using dense sampling. Measured attributes include six environmental variables (topographic position, soil depth, slope, elevation, fi re return frequency, disturbance; see Table 1) , growth form (liana, tree, shrub), and eight life-history traits (seed and fruit size, fruit type, dispersal mode, ability to resprout after disturbance, and leaf size, lobing, and compounding; see Table 2). Our specifi c hypotheses are outlined next. Freshwater-margin hypothesis — Burnham et al. (2001) observed that the percentage of toothed species at one lake margin and three riparian sites in the Ecuadorian lowlands was ~15% higher than at two nearby distal fl oodplain and terra fi rme sites. dedicated …
THE COMBINATION OF TASK-BASED LEARNING (TBL) APPROACH AND AUDIO VISUAL AIDS TO IMPROVE STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC WRITING SKILLS

This research was primarily conducted to prove that the combination of Task-Based Learning (TBL) approach and audio visual aids could improve the students’ academic writing skills and to describe the students’ responses after learning academic writing skill through the combination of TBL approach and audio visual aids. This research is Classroom Action Research (CAR), which was performed in two cycles (cycle 1 and cycle 2). Each cycle consisted of four meetings. The subject of the research is the fourth semester students of English Language Education Study Program of Catholic University of Saint Thomas North Sumatera in the Academic Year of 2017/2018. There are 21 students as the subject of the research. The analysis of quantitative data showed that the students’ mean score increased continuously from 66,05 in the pretest, 78,62 in the posttest of cycle 1 to 88,81 in the posttest of cycle 2. The analysis of qualitative data showed that the learning teaching processes of academic writing skill, particularly writing the English essays through the combination of TBL approach and audio visual aids ran very well. The combination of TBL approach and audio visual aids could also increase the students’ interest, motivation and involvement in the classroom activities. It is advisable that teachers or lecturers of English language should try combining TBL approach and audio visual aids to improve their students’ academic writing skills
Algorithm xxx : Reliable Calculation of Numerical Rank , Null Space Bases , Pseudoinverse Solutions , and Basic Solutions using SuiteSparseQR

The SPQR RANK package contains routines that calculate the numerical rank of large, sparse, numerically rank-deficient matrices. The routines can also calculate orthonormal bases for numerical null spaces, approximate pseudoinverse solutions to least squares problems involving rankdeficient matrices, and basic solutions to these problems. The algorithms are based on SPQR from SuiteSparseQR (ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software 38, Article 8, 2011). SPQR is a high-performance routine for forming QR factorizations of large, sparse matrices. It returns an estimate for the numerical rank that is usually, but not always, correct. The new routines improve the accuracy of the numerical rank calculated by SPQR and reliably determine the numerical rank in the sense that, based on extensive testing with matrices from applications, the numerical rank is almost always accurately determined when our methods report that the numerical rank should be correct. Reliable determination of numerical rank is critical to the other calculations in the package. The routines work well for matrices with either small or large null space dimensions.
Rainfall Prediction Using Generalized Regression Neural Network: Case Study Zhengzhou

Although many models have been developed for prediction and forecasting of time series in various engineering fields, there is no perfect model to forecast hydrologic time series. In recent decades, Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) have been very common for prediction and forecasting of hydrologic time series because of their practicality in applications. In this paper, we propose the application of generalized regression neural network (GRNN) model to predict annual rainfall in Zhengzhou. The results prove that GRNN has more advantage in fitting and prediction compared with back propagation (BP) neural network and stepwise regression analysis methods. The simulation results of GRNN for annual rainfall is better than that of BP neural network. And the accuracy of the prediction results is higher than that of BP neural network. The stepwise regression method is inferior to both of them in the accuracy of simulation and prediction results. In short, GRNN network structure is simple, calculate rapidly and stability. Compared with the traditional linear model and BP neural networks, the GRNN has smaller prediction error.
Scalable Community Detection with the Louvain Algorithm

In this paper we present and evaluate a parallel community detection algorithm derived from the state-of-the-art Louvain modularity maximization method. Our algorithm adopts a novel graph mapping and data representation, and relies on can efficient communication runtime, specifically designed for fine-grained applications executed on large-scale supercomputers. We have been able to parallelize graphs with up to 138 billion edges on 8, 192 Blue Gene/Q nodes and 1, 024 P7-IH nodes. Leveraging the convergence properties of our algorithm and the efficient implementation, we can analyze communities of large scale graphs in just a few seconds. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first parallel implementation of the Louvain algorithm that scales to these large data and processor configurations.
Coping with mental health issues: subjective experiences of self-help and helpful contextual factors at the start of mental health treatment

Abstract Background: Self-help strategies and various contextual factors support recovery. However, more in-depth knowledge is needed about how self-help strategies and supportive environments facilitate the recovery process. Aims: To explore what individuals who have recently been referred to a specialist Community Mental Health Center experience as helpful and what they do to help themselves. Method: Ten service users participated in in-depth interviews within a collaborative-reflexive framework. A hermeneutic-phenomenological approach was used. Results: Participants described a variety of helpful strategies and environmental supports. Four relevant main themes were identified: helpful activities, helpful people and places, self-instruction and learning about mental problems and medication and self-medication. Conclusions: The process of recovery is initiated before people become users of mental health services. This study confirms that recovery takes place within the person’s daily life context and involves the interplay of contextual factors, such as family, friends, good places, work and other meaningful activities. The coping strategies reported may represent an important focus for attention and clinical intervention.
El sentimiento de soledad en la vejez

Our purpose is to look into one of the social problems affecting the most to older people, namely the feeling of loneliness. We intend to approach this problem differentiating its social and emotional dimensions. Through a qualitative methodological strategy ? focus groups as procedure to raise data and Grounded Theory as analytical perspective? we study how that feeling is experienced among a profile of older persons particularly affected by loneliness: older widowed persons living alone. Our findings prove that these persons suffer from emotional loneliness, especially those who enter widowhood at a later age and after decades of marriage. This feeling is linked to the loss of their spouse and it is at night when it is more likely to emerge. Moreover, widowhood comes along with the risk of social loneliness because of the relational distancing from friends who used to be connected to the married couple. We have identified as well gender differences regarding the impact of loneliness, being men those who are especially frail to confront it.
Social Psychiatry in the Waiting Room: What a Physician Can Learn about Occupational Stress from Workers Waiting to Be Examined

Background. Work-related stress is a major problem for mental health. The occupational physician has the opportunity to gather information on the perception of stress from workers in the course of regular medical examinations. Method. 1,231 subjects, engaged in 6 different occupations, were invited to compile the Demand/Control/Support and the Effort/Reward/Imbalance questionnaires. Results. A specific profile of work-related stress emerged for each group of workers. Radiology physicians reported high control over work, but also exceedingly high demand and effort, high overcommitment, low social support, and low rewards from work. Health care workers were often overcommitted but had high levels of reward and social support. Low levels of social support and reward were recorded for mature workers, while special force policemen engaged in law enforcement during the G8 meeting had high levels of social support and regards, so that their resulting stress levels were closer to the reference group of employees in an insurance company with no front-office. Conclusion. The practice of administering questionnaires to groups of workers who are subject to medical surveillance is useful for monitoring mental health and well-being.
Sleep disorder status of nurses in general hospitals and its influencing factors.

BACKGROUND This study aimed to evaluate the current sleep disorder status of nurses in general hospitals and analyze its influencing factors. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total of 2,033 nurses who have worked for 6 months in 3 general hospitals, namely, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, and The Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, were selected by random sampling from April 2015 to November 2015 and investigated. The Effort-Reward Imbalance Questionnaire (ERI) and Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ) were applied to evaluate occupational stress. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) was used to evaluate the sleep disorder status of the research subjects. Logistic regression analysis was adopted to determine the influencing factors of nurses' sleep disorders. RESULTS The average PSQI score of 2,003 research subjects is 7.26±3.56, including 860 subjects with PSQI ≥8, accounting for 42.9%. The female research subjects in the department of gynecology and obstetrics, emergency department, and ICU show high risks of sleep disorders (i.e., many years of working; job title: registered nurse; many times of night shift per month; no frequent exercise; many efforts and few rewards; high decision-making autonomy). Educational background and marital status did not exhibit statistical relevance with sleep disorders. CONCLUSIONS The sleep disorder status of nurses in general hospitals is closely related to occupational stress. As such, nurse managers should focus more attention to the influencing factors of nurses' sleep disorders and relieve their occupational stress to reduce the occurrence rate of sleep disorders.
How Christian upbringing divides the religious nones in Britain: exploring the imprints of Christian upbringing in the 2016 EU referendum

ABSTRACT Over the last few decades, Britain has witnessed a significant decline in Christian affiliation and the corresponding growth in the number of religiously unaffiliated individuals. Relatively little attention has, however, been paid to ‘former Christians’ who were brought up in a Christian household but now identify as having no religion. This study focuses on the effects of Christian upbringing on the voting behaviour of religious nones in the EU referendum of 2016. Using data from the 2016 British Social Attitudes survey, the empirical analysis in this article examines the socio-cultural characteristics of Anglican, Catholic, and ‘Other Christian’ households as well as their role in shaping the voting turnout and the voting intentions of individuals who are religiously unaffiliated. The results suggest that Anglican upbringing and Catholic upbringing serve as salient proxies for national identities among the secular groups. Additionally, in the EU referendum, the voting behaviour of religious nones with different kinds of Christian upbringing was very distinct. This reveals that religious upbringing is a source of within-group variety among British religious nones and that Britain’s Christian heritage still has important socio-political implications despite the decrease in the country’s Christian population.
Design and First Results of an UAV-Borne L-Band Radiometer for Multiple Monitoring Purposes

UAV (unmanned Aerial Vehicle) platforms represent a challenging opportunity for the deployment of a number of remote sensors. These vehicles are a cost-effective option in front of manned aerial vehicles (planes and helicopters), are easy to deploy due to the short runways needed, and they allow users to meet the critical requirements of the spatial and temporal resolutions imposed by the instruments. L-band radiometers are an interesting option for obtaining soil moisture maps over local areas with relatively high spatial resolution for precision agriculture, coastal monitoring, estimation of the risk of fires, flood prevention, etc. This paper presents the design of a light-weight, airborne L-band radiometer for deployment in a small UAV, including the hardware and specific software developed for calibration, geo-referencing, and soil moisture retrieval. First results and soil moisture retrievals from different field experiments are presented.
A Ballistic Bow Shock Model for Jet-driven Protostellar Outflow Shells

We analyze the dynamics of the shell produced when a bow shock from a collimated jet propagates into the surrounding medium. Under interstellar conditions, the shock is radiative, and a ballistic approximation for the shell flow is appropriate beyond the working surface where the jet impacts its surroundings. The solution is then determined by the ambient and jet densities and velocities and by the momentum impulse applied in the working surface. Using estimates for these impulses (confirmed by separate numerical simulations), we obtain solutions for the shell structure and for the range of velocities in the shell at any point. We provide predictions for the position-velocity and mass-velocity relations expected for plane-of-sky bow shock shells and for the bulk shell properties. In a companion paper, we show that these analytic solutions are in excellent agreement with the results of direct numerical simulations. We argue that classical molecular (CO) outflows cannot be purely jet-driven, because the bow shock shell solutions are much too elongated compared with observations. Finally, we suggest that the "spur" structures seen in position-velocity diagrams of observed molecular outflows are the manifestation of internal bow shocks, which may be fitted with our simple dynamical models.
An exploratory study of core self-evaluation and entrepreneurial motivation

ABSTRACT This research focused on the relationship between core self-evaluation, job satisfaction, and exhaustion that has been supported in the literature. More specifically, this study explored a potential mediation of this relationship by entrepreneurial motivation. The sample included 102 bed and breakfast entrepreneurs. Findings indicate that entrepreneurial motivation partially mediates the core self-evaluation and job satisfaction relationship while it has no mediating effect on the core self-evaluation and exhaustion relationship. Implications and future research are discussed.
Teachers’ professional development through teachers’ professional activities

Purpose This study aims to identify various teachers’ professional activities (TPAs) and classify these TPAs according to their relative importance for the professional development of teachers. Design/methodology/approach The systematic review of the literature had been conducted to identify various TPAs in the institutions. Later, an empirical research had been conducted through confirmatory factor analysis using AMOS 20.0 to classify these TPAs according to their relative importance using the natural gap in standardized beta (β) values. In total, 96 administrators of 35 technical institutions of Punjab (India) offering engineering and management programs and 93 veteran educational experts had responded in a field survey. Findings The results of the study identified eight TPAs and further revealed that “regular self-assessment,” “adopting a creative problem-solving approach” and “developing deep commitment to make the difference” qualify among the “most important” activities for the professional enhancement of the faculty. Originality/value The study highlights different TPAs that they must establish, raise, promote, encourage and organize for their development. The study further classifies different activities according to their relative importance. The institute can evaluate their resources, budgets and efforts according to the relative importance of such activities. The classification of TPAs would help faculty to increase their efficacy.
Item Response Modeling of Forced-Choice Questionnaires

Multidimensional forced-choice formats can significantly reduce the impact of numerous response biases typically associated with rating scales. However, if scored with classical methodology, these questionnaires produce ipsative data, which lead to distorted scale relationships and make comparisons between individuals problematic. This research demonstrates how item response theory (IRT) modeling may be applied to overcome these problems. A multidimensional IRT model based on Thurstone’s framework for comparative data is introduced, which is suitable for use with any forced-choice questionnaire composed of items fitting the dominance response model, with any number of measured traits, and any block sizes (i.e., pairs, triplets, quads, etc.). Thurstonian IRT models are normal ogive models with structured factor loadings, structured uniquenesses, and structured local dependencies. These models can be straightforwardly estimated using structural equation modeling (SEM) software Mplus. A number of simulation studies are performed to investigate how latent traits are recovered under various forced-choice designs and provide guidelines for optimal questionnaire design. An empirical application is given to illustrate how the model may be applied in practice. It is concluded that when the recommended design guidelines are met, scores estimated from forced-choice questionnaires with the proposed methodology reproduce the latent traits well.
The VELVET A Orthologue VEL1 of Trichoderma reesei Regulates Fungal Development and Is Essential for Cellulase Gene Expression

Trichoderma reesei is the industrial producer of cellulases and hemicellulases for biorefinery processes. Their expression is obligatorily dependent on the function of the protein methyltransferase LAE1. The Aspergillus nidulans orthologue of LAE1 - LaeA - is part of the VELVET protein complex consisting of LaeA, VeA and VelB that regulates secondary metabolism and sexual as well as asexual reproduction. Here we have therefore investigated the function of VEL1, the T. reesei orthologue of A. nidulans VeA. Deletion of the T. reesei vel1 locus causes a complete and light-independent loss of conidiation, and impairs formation of perithecia. Deletion of vel1 also alters hyphal morphology towards hyperbranching and formation of thicker filaments, and with consequently reduced growth rates. Growth on lactose as a sole carbon source, however, is even more strongly reduced and growth on cellulose as a sole carbon source eliminated. Consistent with these findings, deletion of vel1 completely impaired the expression of cellulases, xylanases and the cellulase regulator XYR1 on lactose as a cellulase inducing carbon source, but also in resting mycelia with sophorose as inducer. Our data show that in T. reesei VEL1 controls sexual and asexual development, and this effect is independent of light. VEL1 is also essential for cellulase gene expression, which is consistent with the assumption that their regulation by LAE1 occurs by the VELVET complex.