Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Life-Course Perspective on Elderly Residential Mobility in Southern China: An Adaptation of the Amenity Retirement Migration Model

This qualitative study examined the migration process of 30 Hong Kong retirees in Southern China. Factors influencing decisions align with the life-course perspective and Amenity Retirement Migration Model. Cost of living, better environment and amenities, desirable lifestyle, cultural views and perspectives, past life and work experience, previous mobility patterns, housing history, financial resources, marriage, and intergenerational relationships affected retirees’ mobility decisions. Dissatisfaction with new environments, lack of contact with relatives and friends, and lack of access to local medical services made movers contemplate additional moves. These findings can inform the development of resettlement or adaptation programs for those moving to their homeland for retirement. Coordination to ensure seamless service transitions is critical to adjustment of aging retirees.
Changes in platelet β‐thromboglobulin, fibrinogen, albumin, 5‐hydroxytryptamine, ATP, and ADP during and after surgery with extracorporeal circulation in man

Surgery with extracorporeal circulation (ECC) is associated with transient alterations of platelet function whose pathogenic mechanisms are not completely understood. To define further the platelet abnormalities, we determined the changes in platelet content of several granule‐associated substances during and after ECC in patients subjected to aortocoronary bypass surgery.
Service Quality in the Public Sector Hospitals: A Study in India

Abstract Most studies on service quality have been conducted in the context of the private sector of the economy. In fact, in the healthcare setting, for a long time, public-sector hospitals were not expected to excel in the provision of service quality. In a country such as India, even now, public-sector hospital staffs enjoy relatively higher salaries, flexible work schedules, and secure employment until retirement. Because patients do not pay for most services, normally they are concerned only about the quality of the core product. The authors indicate that, even in the public sector context, the quality of the physician and that of the clinical support staff significantly impact patient satisfaction. However, the quality of nonclinical support staff is not found to have any significant effect on patient satisfaction.
What caused the recent “Warm Arctic, Cold Continents” trend pattern in winter temperatures?

The emergence of rapid Arctic warming in recent decades has coincided with unusually cold winters over Northern Hemisphere continents. It has been speculated that this “Warm Arctic, Cold Continents” trend pattern is due to sea ice loss. Here we use multiple models to examine whether such a pattern is indeed forced by sea ice loss specifically and by anthropogenic forcing in general. While we show much of Arctic amplification in surface warming to result from sea ice loss, we find that neither sea ice loss nor anthropogenic forcing overall yield trends toward colder continental temperatures. An alternate explanation of the cooling is that it represents a strong articulation of internal atmospheric variability, evidence for which is derived from model data, and physical considerations. Sea ice loss impact on weather variability over the high‐latitude continents is found, however, to be characterized by reduced daily temperature variability and fewer cold extremes.
A Framework for Comparative Analyses of Social Mobility

Criticisms of the analysis of social mobility using the structural mobility/exchange mobility distinction are discussed, and its replacement by an absolute/relative mobility perspective, following Goldthorpe (1980), is advocated. Based on this perspective a framework for cross-population analyses of mobility is developed and illustrated using well-known English/Welsh and Danish data. This framework leads to a definition of the total mobility variance in the populations under study, which may, in turn, be separated into shared and unique components of mobility variance within each of which the importance of absolute and relative mobility may be assessed. It is argued that the absolute/relative approach avoids the problems which have beset the more ambitious structure/exchange distinction and that the framework developed here permits the straightforward testing of the Lipset-Zetterberg (1959) and Featherman, Lancaster-Jones and Hauser (1975) theses.
Divisive Faultlines and the Unplanned Dissolutions of Multipartner Alliances

Received wisdom suggests that multipartner alliances are relatively unstable because of their complexity and the increased potential for free riding. Nonetheless, multipartner alliances do benefit from built-in stabilizing third-party ties that mitigate opportunism and conflict between partner pairs. Previous empirical research on multipartner alliance stability has been inconclusive. We shed some light on these inconsistencies by recognizing that within multipartner alliances, schisms can occur not only between a pair of partners but also between subgroups of partners that are divided by faultlines. We suggest that divisive faultlines can form between subgroups of partners within a multipartner alliance as a function of their prior experience with one another. When a subgroup of alliance partners has relatively strong ties to each other and weak ties to other partners, destabilizing factions can develop that hamper reciprocity among the partners. Using a longitudinal analysis of 59 multipartner alliances, we found that, in general, faultlines as modeled by the dispersion of tie strength within multipartner alliances increase the hazard of unplanned dissolutions. We also found that multipartner alliances comprising a mix of centrally and peripherally positioned partners within the industry network were less apt to suffer the effects of divisive faultlines. We suggest that this is due to the greater opportunity costs of dissolution and the presence of relatively high-status partners who can act as peacekeepers and coordinators of their lower-status partners.
Media Coverage on European Governance

The conditions for the emergence of a European mediated public sphere are tested in this article by analysing news coverage of European governance and policy-making during the year 2000. The sample includes 11 daily newspapers from six EU member states. On the basis of a systematic content analysis, three types of news can be distinguished: first, European news characterized by the shared meaning of European events and issues; second, Europeanized news characterized by the secondary impact of European events and issues on national news coverage; and third, national news on domestic events and issues characterized by evolving forms of European monitoring and rhetorics. By unfolding and comparing these three cases, the article argues that a European public sphere has come into existence and that it has evolved through the mutual observation of institutional actors and their audiences with reference to issues and events of common relevance and through the parallel development of communicative styles and discourses.
Degrees-of-Freedom Region of Time Correlated MISO Broadcast Channel with Perfect Delayed CSIT and Asymmetric Partial Current CSIT

The impact of imperfect CSIT on the degrees of freedom (DoF) of a time correlated MISO Broadcast Channel has drawn a lot of attention recently. Maddah-Ali and Tse have shown that the completely stale CSIT still benefit the DoF. In very recent works, Yang et al. have extended the results by integrating the partial current CSIT for a two-user MISO broadcast channel. However, those researches so far focused on a symmetric case. In this contribution, we investigate a more general case where the transmitter has knowledge of current CSI of both users with unequal qualities. The essential ingredient in our work lies in the way to multicast the overheard interference to boost the DoF. The optimal DoF region is simply proved and its achievability is shown using a novel transmission scheme assuming an infinite number of channel uses.
Neutrophils, host defense, and inflammation: a double‐edged sword

Neutrophils play important roles in host defense against all classes of infectious agents but, paradoxically, they are also involved in the pathology of various inflammatory conditions. Their microbicidal armory consists of oxidative and nonoxidative processes that are activated simultaneously upon phagocytosis. Although destruction of infectious agents occurs intracellularly, release of cytotoxic molecules into the extracellular milieu can damage body tissues. Neutrophils are heterogeneous. Subpopulations exist in various stages from dormant to primed to fully activated. The activities of neutrophils are regulated locally in microenvironments and systemically by a plethora of mediators including cytokines, “classical” neuroendocrine hormones, and bioactive lipids. The net response depends on a complex balance of stimulatory and inhibitory pathways that are regulated by these mediators. Although some effector and regulatory pathways are vital, considerable redundancy is also evident. Identification of the essential mediators and the unraveling of any interactions may be the keys to understanding the neutrophil paradox and developing therapeutic strategies that optimize microbial killing and minimize host tissue damage. Finally, reports that neutrophils can act as drug delivery vectors and that their function is influenced by stress and other lifestyle factors suggest that new homeostatic functions for these cells, outside their traditional roles in host defense and inflammation, remain to be identified: some are speculated on here. J. Leukoc. Biol. 56: 672–686; 1994.
New ‘Mental Health’ Legislation for England and Wales: Some Aspects of Consensus and Conflict

The faltering emergence of new ‘mental health’ legislation in England and Wales between 1998 and 2005 is described. The slow progress largely reflected widespread opposition to the content of the government's plans to replace the Mental Health Act of 1983. That opposition was formalised in the Mental Health Alliance, an umbrella organisation which included user and professional groups as well as voluntary sector bodies. This article highlights the main points of dispute between the government and its opponents. In particular, concerns about compulsion and the duty of the state to guarantee good quality care in every locality divided the government and its critics. The implications of these disputes are discussed, along with some questions about interest work within the Alliance.
Attitudinal Growth Patterns Toward Elementary School Music Experiences

The social nature of music as it is commonly taught in the public elementary school requires some consideration of the attitudes of students toward their school music experiences as a prerequisite for successful teaching-learning conditions. All the well-conceived objectives and goals of elementary school music instruction are wasted platitudes if their attempted implementation results in poor attitudes of students toward school music experiences.
Quality of life in older people

Abstract Measurement of health related quality of life (HQoL) has been developed as a way of describing health states in terms of an individual's perception of his/her position in life. In the UK, the HQoL approach has become a cornerstone of health services research, particularly in relation to the purchaser-provider relationship. For elderly people, it may be particularly relevant when considering whether intervention is of overall benefit. Psychiatric morbidity, physical disability and quality of life were assessed by standardized questionnaire in older people living at home in an inner-city area. Seven-hundred subjects were interviewed. More than 75% of subjects who completed other instruments also completed the IHQL (Index of Health-Related Quality of Life). There was no significant correlation between physical discomfort and somatic symptoms; emotional distress and depression or generalized anxiety; or disability and dependence in activities of daily living . There is a clear need to develop measure.
Coping and Psychological Distress Among Genderqueer Individuals: The Moderating Effect of Social Support

This study examined the relationships between social support, coping, depression, and anxiety in a sample of genderqueer individuals (n = 64). Genderqueer is a label used within the broader transgender community and is defined as a gender identity that is outside the binary construct of male and female. Findings indicate that 53% (n = 34) of participants reported clinical levels of depression and 39% (n = 25) reported clinical levels of anxiety. There was a direct relationship between social support and depression and anxiety, indicating that more social support is associated with less depression and anxiety when statistically excluding coping factors. In addition, more facilitative coping (e.g., seeking help) was related to less anxiety, whereas more avoidant coping (e.g., avoiding emotions) was related to more anxiety and depression. There was a significant interaction between social support and coping factors when predicting anxiety, such that individuals who reported higher social support used more facilitative coping which was associated with less anxiety and those who reported less social support used more avoidant coping which was associated with more anxiety. Clinical implications for working with genderqueer-identified clients are discussed.
Developing High Quality Decision‐Making Discussions About Biological Conservation in a Normal Classroom Setting

The conservation of biodiversity is an important socio‐scientific issue that is often regarded as a precondition to sustainable development. The foundation for citizens’ understanding of conservation issues can be laid down in formal school education. This research focuses on decision‐making discussions about biological conservation issues among 131 15–16‐year‐old students, to address two main research questions: 1. Can peer group decision‐making discussions, in a normal science lesson setting, help develop students’ personal reasoning in relation to conservation issues? 2. Are there features common to high quality discussions about conservation which might be readily identified by classroom teachers? Findings indicate the positive value of students taking part in these short decision‐making discussions guided by a structured framework and as part of their normal science classroom activities. Students increase their quality of personal reasoning, and modify their solutions to the issues. The study begins to uncover features about students both as individuals and as members of discussion groups, which can be associated with high quality decision‐making about conservation issues, and which teachers might realistically identify. The work calls for the need to cultivate these features and to integrate them appropriately with learning about the scientific concepts that underpin the theory and practice of conservation management. Such integration will facilitate the development of teaching strategies for dealing effectively with the complex topic of biological conservation; not just in terms of science content, but also in terms of how students are expected to engage with the issues.
Non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant dosing in patients with atrial fibrillation and renal dysfunction.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the commonest cardiac arrhythmia and is an independent risk factor for stroke and mortality. Oral anticoagulation is the cornerstone of management for primary and secondary stroke prophylaxis in patients with AF and known additional risk factors (1). Whilst oral vitamin K antagonists (VKA) such as warfarin were the mainstay of treatment for decades, they have been superseded by the newer non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs), which offer relative efficacy, safety and convenience compared to VKAs (2,3). The NOACs include direct thrombin inhibitor, dabigatran and direct factor Xa inhibitors such as rivaroxaban, apixaban and edoxaban.
Multimonostatic shape reconstruction of dielectric cylinders by a linear inversion approach

In this paper the inverse problem of reconstructing the shape of dielectric cylinders by limited aspect multimonostatic scattering measurement is dealt with. The problem is formulated as a linear inverse one by means of the Physical Optics approximation distributional approach. The penetrability of the scatterers is taken into account by considering the contribution of the “shadowed” side to the local reflection coefficient. The adopted model allows to predict that both the illuminated and the shadowed sides of the scatterer provide contribution to the reconstructed image, but with a delocalization depending on the relative dielectric permittivity. Numerical results confirms this expectation and show the effectiveness of the approach.
Individualism–collectivism and team member performance: Another look

Summary This study revisits the commonplace research conclusion that greater team member collectivism, as opposed to individualism, is associated with higher levels of individual-level performance in teams. Whereas this conclusion is based on the assumption that work in teams consists exclusively of tasks that are shared, typical teamwork also includes tasks that are individualized. Results of a laboratory study of 206 participants performing a mix of individualized and shared tasks in four-person teams indicate that heterogeneous combinations of individualism and collectivism are associated with higher levels of team member performance, measured as quantity of output, when loose structural interdependence enables individual differences in individualism–collectivism to exert meaningful effects. These results support the modified conclusion that a combination of individualism and collectivism is associated with higher levels of member performance in teams under typical work conditions; that is, conditions in which the tasks of individual members are both individualized and shared. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evolutionary algorithms in kinematic design of robotic systems

Proposes an adaptative multi-chromosome evolutionary algorithm (AMEA) to perform task based design of modular robotic systems. The kinematic design is optimized by the AMEA which uses both binary and real encoding (for kinematic and configuration parameters). In the problem considered for illustration, the robotic system consists in a mobile base and a manipulator arm which may be built with serially assembled link and joint modules. The manipulator has to reach a predefined set of goal frames in a 3D cluttered environment. Its design is evaluated with geometric and kinematic performance measures. Optimization results for a 3D task are given and compared with a simple genetic algorithm. They clearly show the superiority of the multi-chromosome representation and adaptive operators in term of computing time and criteria optimization performance.
The Networked Public Sphere

Abstract Habermas’s late theory of the public sphere is fundamentally about democracy and growing complexity. The network form is at the core of growing complexity, and the centrality of networks in the economy, political system, civil society, and the lifeworld calls for revisions in central theoretical assumptions about the structure of the public sphere. We argue that in order to maintain Habermas’s larger democratic project, we will have to rethink theoretical assumptions linked to its neo-Parsonsian systems theoretical foundations and to systematically integrate new network forms of social life into theory.
Pathogenesis of lower respiratory tract infections due toChlamydia, Mycoplasma,Legionella and viruses

Acute infection of the lower respiratory tract comprises bronchitis, bronchiolitis, and pneumonia. From a clinical point of view it may be difficult to distinguish these disease entities and one infection may progress into another. The most common pathogens causing these infections are the primary respiratory viruses (respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza virus, adenoviruses, parainfluenza virus, and rhinovirus1 2), Mycoplasma pneumoniae ,3 and Chlamydia species.4-6 Legionella may cause pneumonia and non-pneumonic upper respiratory tract infection and approximately 85% of c ases are caused by L pneumophila . Long lasting sequelae such as bronchiectasis, lung fibrosis, and decreased lung function are seen after lower respiratory tract infections7-10 and it has been debated whether respiratory tract infection can cause chronic bronchial asthma.6 11-13 Acute bronchitis is an inflammatory condition of the bronchi often caused by infectious agents, although in many cases no aetiology can be established.14 15 It shares many pathological and clinical features with bronchiolitis, and the same agents may induce both conditions. Most cases of acute bronchitis of known aetiology are due to respiratory viruses such as influenza virus, adenovirus, RSV, rhinovirus, and coronavirus,1 2 16 and a few are caused by M pneumoniae , Bordetella pertussis and C pneumoniae . 4 5 15 17 Legionella infections limited to the bronchial tree are not described. ### ADHERENCE OF PATHOGENS The pathogenesis has not been studied for all agents, but the transmission of disease is thought to occur through droplet spread from an infected person. After inhalation the infectious agent may adhere to different receptors such as acid containing glycoproteins or the adhesion molecule ICAM-1 on respiratory epithelial cells.18 19 The infectious chlamydial particle is the elementary body that attaches itself to and enters a susceptible cell where it changes to the larger metabolically active reticulate body.20 …
The Effect of Action Orientation on the Academic Performance of Undergraduate Marketing Majors

Due to the effect of academic performance on employment opportunities and admission to graduate schools, researchers have long recognized the need for identifying factors that are linked to the academic performance of undergraduate marketing students. This research proposes a model that investigates the relationships among motivation, effort, personality, stress, and academic performance. Action-state orientation (AO-SO) is an important factor in students’ emotional exhaustion and effort. AO-SO relates to individual differences in the capacity to regulate emotions, cognitions, and behaviors to accomplish intentional actions. AO-SO consists of three dimensions: disengagement (versus preoccupation), volatility (versus persistency), and hesitation (versus initiative). Results indicate that persistency and initiative are positively related to effort, which is an important antecedent of academic performance. Also, disengagement is negatively related to emotional exhaustion.
A longitudinal analysis of poverty among families supporting a child with a disability

Abstract This paper addresses the relation between poverty and the presence of a child with a disability in the family, using longitudinal data from a secondary source. Two main issues are considered. First, to assess the degree to which explanatory variables influence poverty, an adequate statistical model must handle the possibility that substantial variation between respondents will be owing to omitted variables, multicollinearity and past behaviour. Second, research often compares “no poverty” with “presence of poverty”. We acknowledge that there could be differences between those in moderate poverty and those in severe poverty which might provide additional insights into the relation between “child disability in the family” and “poverty”. A multinomial random effects model is fitted to the data. The results suggest that the distinction between moderate and severe poverty appears to improve the results. Further improvement could be achieved by a clear definition of poverty and disability and of observed variables included in the analysis.