Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling Is Essential in 90Y-Labeled Anti-CD66 Radioimmunotherapy

Introduction Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) with 90Y-labeled anti-CD66 antibody is used to selectively irradiate the red marrow (RM) before blood stem cell transplantation of acute leukemia patients. To calculate the activity to administer, time-integrated activity coefficients are required. These are estimated prior to therapy using gamma camera and serum measurements after injection of 111In labeled anti-CD66 antibody. Equal pre-therapeutic and therapeutic biodistributions are usually assumed to calculate the coefficients. However, additional measurements during therapy had shown that this assumption had to be abandoned. A physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was developed to allow the prediction of therapeutic time-integrated activity coefficients in eight patients. Aims The aims of the study were to demonstrate using a larger patient group 1) the need to perform patient-specific dosimetry in 90Y-labeled anti-CD66 RIT, 2) that pre-therapeutic and therapeutic biodistributions differ, and most importantly 3) that this difference in biodistributions can be accurately predicted using a refined model. Materials and Methods Two new PBPK models were developed considering fully, half and non-immunoreactive antibodies and constraints for estimating the RM antigen number. Both models were fitted to gamma camera and serum measurements of 27 patients. Akaike weights were used for model averaging. Time-integrated activity coefficients for total body, liver, spleen, RM and serum were calculated. Model-based predictions of the serum biokinetics during therapy were compared to actual measurements. Results Variability of the RM time-integrated activity coefficients ((37.3±7.5) h) indicates the need for patient-specific dosimetry. The relative differences between pre-therapeutic and therapeutic serum time-activity curves were (-25±16)%. The prediction accuracy of these differences using the refined PBPK models was (-3±20)%. Conclusion Individual treatment is needed due to biological differences between patients in RIT with 90Y-labeled anti-CD66 antibody. Differences in pre-therapeutic and therapeutic biokinetics are predominantly caused by different degrees of saturation due to different amounts of administered antibody. These differences could be predicted using the PBPK models.
Liaison, nasal vowels and productivity

In previous discussion of the phonological interpretation of nasal vowels in liaison, the assumption has been that there are just two competing patterns, seen in bon ami and mon ami. Compelling evidence exists however of a third pattern which involves ‘ZERO-liaison’ or the non-use of a distinct liaison alternant. Strikingly, this pattern is found in contexts where productive liaison usage can be tested for, and consequently it may be viewed as the emerging default arrangement in modern French pronunciation. In the light of this, a new interpretation is proposed for liaison with nasal vowels.
A Critical Analysis of the Utility and Compatibility of Motivation Theories in Psychiatric Treatment

The TransTheoretical Model (TTM), Self-Determination Theory (SDT), and the Integral Model of Treatment Motivation (IM) provide distinct but not incompatible conceptualisations of motivation. We discuss the utility of these theories as a basis for the improvement of psychiatric treatment engagement and treatment outcomes in patients with severe mental illness. It appears that all three theories have gained support for their predictions of outcomes in patients with severe mental illness, but important questions remain unanswered, such as which of these theories provides the best prediction of treatment engagement and treatment outcomes. We explain how these three theories could complete each other, based on their strong and unique assets. It is imperative that the theories are empirically tested and compared to confirm their utility, and to this end we propose several important research questions that should be addressed in future research. Theory comparisons can advance what is currently known about intrapersonal changes and interpersonal differences in treatment engagement and outcomes in severely mentally ill patients.
Revolutions Without Enemies: Key Transformations in Political Science

American political science is a congenitally unsettled discipline, witnessing a number of movements designed to reorient its fundamental character. Four prominent movements are compared here: the statism accompanying the discipline's early professionalization, the pluralism of the late 1910s and early 1920s, behavioralism, and the Caucus for a New Political Science (with a brief glance at the more recent Perestroika). Of these movements, only the first and third clearly succeeded. The discipline has proven very hard to shift. Despite the rhetoric that accompanied behavioralism, both it and statism were revolutions without enemies within the discipline (other than those appearing after they succeeded), and therein lies the key to their success.
A Prediction Model For Participation in Sport

The purpose of this study is to locate which variables are the best predictors of participation in sport. Based on the assumption that many factors interact and decide whether a person is going to be physically active or not, a prediction model is presented. The model include the following predictors: Sex, age, marital status, children, education, occupation, working-hours, physical activity in connect ion with work, the environment's involvement in sport, grade of urbanization, trade area and number of recreational and sport facilities in the neighbourhood. The analysis is based on data from a nationwide survey among the Norwe gian population. Altogether 3,098 individuals, from 15 to 87 years of age, took part in the study. The statistical analysis used were Multiple Classification Analysis (MCA) and Automatic Interaction Dectection (AID). The prediction model explains 20% of the variance. The strongest predictors were the environment's involvement in sport, geographical area and occupation. The first predictor alone explained al most half of the variance. At the end of the article implication for further re search is discussed. The author suggest that new predictors should replace some of those with low predictive values. Psychological as well as other sociological variables are suggested.
Revisiting the morphology and phylogeny of Lactifluus with three new lineages from southern China

As a recent group mainly defined by molecular data the genus Lactifluus is in need of further study to provide insight into the morphological and molecular variation within the genus, species limits and relationships. Phylogenetic analyses of nuc rDNA ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 (ITS), D1 and D2 domains of nuc 28S rDNA (28S), and part of the second largest subunit of the RNA polymerase II (rpb2) (6–7 region) sequences of 28 samples from southern China revealed three new lineages of Lactifluus. Two of them are nested in a major clade that includes the type of Lactifluus and here is treated as two new sections: L. sect. Ambicystidiati and L. sect. Tenuicystidiati. Lactifluus ambicystidiatus, described here as a new species (= sect. Ambicystidiati), has both lamprocystidia and macrocystidia in the hymenium, a unique combination of features within Russulaceae. Furthermore, only remnants of lactiferous hyphae are present in L. ambicystidiatus and our results suggest that the ability to form a lactiferous system has been lost in this lineage. Lactifluus sect. Tenuicystidiati forms a strongly supported monophyletic group as a sister lineage to L. sect. Lactifluus. We recognize it based on the thin-walled macrocystidia and smaller ellipsoid spores with an incomplete reticulum compared with L. sect. Lactifluus. The former placement of L. tenuicystidiatus in the African L. sect. Pseudogymnocarpi is not supported. Using genealogical concordance we recognize five phylogenetic species within L. sect. Tenuicystidiati and describe two of these as new, L. subpruinosus and L. tropicosinicus. The third lineage, represented by L. leoninus, forms a sister group to L. subg. Lactariopsis sensu stricto. The three lineages provide further evidence for morphological features in Lactifluus being homoplasious. Some sections and species complexes are likely to be composed of more species and merit further investigations. Subtropical-tropical Asia is likely a key region for additional sampling.
A tribal ecosystem inspired algorithm (TEA) for global optimization

Evolution mechanisms of different biological and social systems have inspired a variety of evolutionary computation (EC) algorithms. However, most existing EC algorithms simulate the evolution procedure at the individual-level. This paper proposes a new EC mechanism inspired by the evolution procedure at the tribe-level, namely tribal ecosystem inspired algorithm (TEA). In TEA, the basic evolution unit is not an individual that represents a solution point, but a tribe that covers a subarea in the search space. More specifically, a tribe represents the solution set locating in a particular subarea with a coding structure composed of three elements: tribal chief, attribute diversity, and advancing history. The tribal chief represents the locally best-so-far solution, the attribute diversity measures the range of the subarea, and the advancing history records the local search experience. This way, the new evolution unit provides extra knowledge about neighborhood profiles and search history. Using this knowledge, TEA introduces four evolution operators, reforms, self-advance, synergistic combination, and augmentation, to simulate the evolution mechanisms in a tribal ecosystem, which evolves the tribes from potentially promising subareas to the global optimum. The proposed TEA is validated on benchmark functions. Comparisons with three representative EC algorithms confirm its promising performance.
Prevalence of low back symptoms and its consequences in relation to occupational group.

BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to examine: (1) the prevalence of low back symptoms (LBS) and its consequences (reduced activities and absenteeism); (2) the association between occupational group and LBS; and (3) the association between LBS and its consequences. METHODS A self-administered questionnaire was used to determine the prevalence of LBS in 1,294 Indonesian coal mining workers. A Cox proportional hazards model was developed to quantify the 12-monthly hazard of LBS. Logistic regression models were developed to identify risk factors for reduced activity and absenteeism from the workplace. RESULTS The 12-month period prevalence for LBS, reduced activities, and absenteeism were 75%, 16%, and 13%, respectively. The 12-monthly hazard of LBS for blue-collar workers was 1.85 (95% CI: 1.06-3.25) times that of white-collar workers. LBS and smoking increased the risk of reduced activity and absenteeism. CONCLUSIONS Indonesian coal mining workers have a high prevalence of LBS. The findings imply that efforts to reduce LBS and in the workplace should focus on blue-collar workers. For smokers who report reduced activities and/or absenteeism, there should be a focus on rehabilitation and/or return-to-work programs.
Understanding history as a rhetorical strategy: Constructions of truth and objectivity in debates over Windschuttle's fabrication

this article seeks to demonstrate two of the rhetorical strategies that would appear to be evident in debates surrounding (and located within) Keith Windschuttle's book The Fabrication of Aboriginal History. Following a brief elaboration of the ideological nature of historical research, this article will suggest that both 'claims to objectivity' and acts of 'ontological imperialism' represent rhetorical strategies that are deployed to (a) manage opponents' truth claims, (b) legitimate white ways of knowing, and thus (c) represent particular individual truth claims as more valid than others. In examining these rhetorical strategies, this article takes as central the sovereignty of Indigenous people and the challenge that Indigenous sovereignty presents to white truth claims.
The relationship between personality preferences, self-esteem and emotional competence

The relationship between leaders’ personality preferences, self-esteem and emotional competence is the focus of this article. A study was conducted to analyse the responses of a sample of 107 South African leaders in the manufacturing industry to measures of the three constructs. The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), the Culturefree Self-esteem Inventories for Adults (CFSEI-AD), and the 360° Emotional Competency Profiler (ECP) were administered. Positive relationships were found between the three constructs. The self-esteem construct appeared to be a more reliable predictor of emotional competence than the MBTI personality preferences. The findings of the study make an important contribution to the expanding body of knowledge concerned with the evaluation of personality variables that influence the effectiveness of leaders.
Functional Tolerance and Blockade of Long-Term Depression at Synapses in the Nucleus Accumbens after Chronic Cannabinoid Exposure

The rewarding properties of the psychoactive constituents of marijuana, termed “cannabinoids,” may reflect actions on synaptic transmission in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). Furthermore, long-term changes in these synapses may support the addictive process. Excitatory and inhibitory synapses are acutely inhibited by cannabinoids in the NAc, and endogenous cannabinoids (endocannabinoids) play a critical role in the expression of long-term depression (LTD) of excitatory cortical afferents in this structure. Because humans often use marijuana for prolonged periods, we examined the impact of long-term cannabinoid exposure on synaptic processes in an animal model. Electrophysiological recordings in rat brain slices containing the NAc were performed after chronic exposure to vehicle solution, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), or the cannabinoid agonist R(+)-[2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-[(morpholinyl)methyl]pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl]-(1-naphthalenyl)methanone mesylate (WIN55,212-2). Extracellular glutamatergic postsynaptic potentials and whole-cell GABAergic IPSCs were concentration-dependently inhibited by WIN55,212-2 in slices from naive or vehicle-treated animals. However, the sensitivity to WIN55,212-2 was diminished in chronic agonist-treated animals. In addition, cross-tolerance to the inhibitory effect of the μ-opioid agonist Tyr-d-Ala2, N-CH3-Phe4,Gly-ol-enkephalin was observed. Endocannabinoid-mediated LTD was initiated via electrical stimulation (5 min, 10 Hz) of glutamatergic afferents to the NAc and was completely blocked by the cannabinoid receptor antagonist SR141716A [N-piperidino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methylpyrazole-3-carboxamide] in vehicle-treated animals. LTD was not observed in brain slices from rats chronically treated with Δ9-THC or WIN55,212-2. These data demonstrate that long-term exposure to the active ingredient of marijuana blocks synaptic plasticity in the NAc and reduces the sensitivity of GABAergic and glutamatergic synapses to both cannabinoids and opioids.
Leadership and organisational learning in the quest for world class schools

Reports on a study in a system of public education that is widely believed to be at the forefront of efforts to create world class schools. The aim of the study, thought to be the first of its kind, was to determine the extent to which five disciplines in the Senge model of a learning organisation are apparent in management practices of schools within the system. Concludes that Senge’s model of a learning organisation provides a helpful template for conceptualising progress towards world class schools. Implications for leadership are identified as an avenue through which to energise the quest for world class schools.
The value of syringe shields in a nuclear medicine department

The radiation dose to the pulp of both index fingers has been measured in a radiopharmacy supplying 11000 patient doses a year, in a hospital dispensary (4500 doses a year) and in its injection area. Tungsten syringe shields were used for one week and not used during the other week.In the radiopharmacy and the dispensary the highest finger dose recorded was 6.8 mSv, which corresponds to an annual figure of 330 mSv. Syringe shields gave a protection factor of less than two, and the dose to the left hand was approximately half that to the right. When giving injections the corresponding weekly and annual doses were 4.6 and 220 mSv respectively. If all injections had been given by a single person the corresponding annual dose would have been 430 mSv. Using syringe shields this could be reduced by factors of at least eight for the right hand but only 1.3 for the left hand.Dose rates for unshielded syringes expressed per 10 GBq handled are similar to other data in the literature. However, syringe shields reduce the dose rates less than anticipated. Tungsten 1.94 to 3.05 mm thick would be expected to give an attenuation factor of 27 to 178.
Effective Delivery of Workplace Discipline

This study investigated the effectiveness of male and female managers when they engaged in the masculine-oriented managerial behavior of discipline. A sample of 155 employed students rated their managers. When managers reportedly allowed two-way discussion with employees, their subordinates reported improved behavior. Two-way discussion and timely and private discipline behaviors were related to fewer negative outcomes. Male and female managers did not differ on discipline behaviors; however, manager gender by behavior interactions indicated that when women were low on two-way discussion, employees reported fewer improvements. This finding suggests that women may experience costs that men do not when they fail to discipline in a considerate way. Our results suggest that when females provide two-way discussion and discipline in private, they realize more improvements in employee behavior than males.
A Meaning-Based Model of Advertising Experiences

This article adopts and extends a meaning-based approach to advertising. We emphasize the consumer's perspective and seek to address important factors that motivate and shape actualized advertising meanings. A graphic model is delineated that focuses on consumers' life themes (e.g., being true vs. being false) and life projects (e.g., what it means to be an educator). The model is assessed through a phenomenological inquiry into the life stories of three individuals and their respective experiences of contemporary magazine advertisements. Findings corroborate the proposition that many actualized ad meanings are a function of the consumer's salient life projects as conjoined by life themes. Discussion focuses on the implications for advertising theory and consumer research. Copyright 1992 by the University of Chicago.
Density, Inmate Assaults, and Direct Supervision Jails

Researchers have completed several studies on the effects of density on violence in prisons and jails, but little work has been done on density's impact on direct supervision jails. Direct supervision facilities, also known as new generation jails, were created by the Federal Bureau of Prisons with the goal of reducing violence, suicide and disorder. Given the crowded conditions in most jails across the country, it is important to determine the impact, if any, that density has on the operations of these jails. The current study involves an analysis of density on assaults in nearly 150 direct supervision jails. The results indicate that neither spatial nor social density are predictors of violence in these jails. Several direct supervision jail characteristics are also included in the analysis, but they are not associated with reported assaults. The racial composition of inmates, location of the jail, and number of inmates each officer is permitted to supervise predicted assaults.
Absolute Quantification of Swine Brain Glutamate Compounds Concentration using MR Spectroscopy and LCModel after Nasal Spraying Butorphanol Tartrate

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the Central Nervous System (CNS) analgesics affect the metabolites of swine brain by nasal spraying. Single voxel proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) was performed on 9 swine. The data were post-processed using LCModel software. Before nasal spraying butorphanol tartrate, the mean Glutamate compounds (Glx) concentration was 9.276+0.542 mmol/kg. After nasal spraying, the mean Glx concentration was 7.283plusmn0. 540 mmol/kg. Using paired sample t-test we found that swine brain Glx level was significantly decreased after using nasal spray analgesic (t=2.826, p=0.022). However, there were no significant differences concerning mean NAA concentrations and mean Choline (Cho) concentrations before and after nasal spraying. Before nasal spraying, the mean NAA and Cho concentrations were 6.094+0.384 mmol/kg and 1.547+0.114 mmol/kg, respectively. After nasal spraying, the mean NAA and Cho concentrations were 5.530+0.346 mmol/kg and 1.255+0.079 mmol/kg, respectively. Our results imply that Glx are nociceptive neurotransmitters and play an important role in the analgesia.
Phenol block of the tibial nerve in the hemiplegic patient.

Selective blocks of the tibial nerve with aqueous solution of 5% phenol, after localization of the nerve by electrical stimulation, were performed in 30 patients with acquired hemiplegia for treatment of severe spasticity of the foot plantar flexors and ankle clonus. Ankle clonus disappeared in all patients and resistance to passive stretch was reduced substantially immediately after the procedure; orthotic fitting and ambulation training then were possible. Longterm followup (averaging 12.9 months) showed the gait to be improved and spasticity decreased in all patients; there were no indications for further treatment of plantar flexor spasticity. Fixed equinus deformity was prevented in all cases. The only significant complication was the development of paresthesias in eight patients (26.6%) The simplicity of the procedure, the functional results observed immediately, its longlasting effect, and the lack of serious complications, warrant its more widespread use in the treatment and prevention of deformities in the spastic foot of the hemiplegic patient. However, there should be further study about prevention of paresthesias, which occurred in a significant percentage of patients in this study.
Minority coalition governance in Denmark

Coalition governance is a challenge for political parties because it involves cooperation and compromises between parties that have different political goals and are competitors in political elections. Coalition coordination is crucial for the intra-coalitional cooperation of the governing parties. A key element in coalition coordination is coalition agreements, which to a varying degree constrain the behaviour of the coalition partners. This article explores the share of laws that were precisely defined in government agreements and/or legislative agreements, and sets out to explain variation in this share of coalition agreement-based laws. The analyses are based on unique data on legislative as well as governmental coalition agreements entered by three Danish governments with varying parliamentary strength. This study brings the blooming literature on coalition agreements one step further by showing that coalition governance is influenced by government strength. The legislative practice of strong coalition governments is less accommodative but more pre-regulated by coalition agreements.