Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pilot Study for Implementing an Osteoporosis Education and Exercise Program in an Assisted Living Facility and Senior Community

Background: Project Healthy Bones (PHB) is a 24-week, peer-led exercise and education program for older adults at risk of osteoporosis. Method: Residents from an assisted living and senior community program were enrolled after medical clearance. Participant demographics, geriatric fitness assessments, exercise logs, quizzes, and surveys were collected at baseline and 24 weeks. Data were analyzed using paired t tests and ANOVA of change scores for the pooled data within the R statistical environment. Results: Forty of the 53 enrolled participants completed the program. Participants improved their strength, balance, posture, and flexibility, resulting in a reduced risk of falls and fractures. In addition, their knowledge of bone health, nutrition, and fall prevention increased. Conclusion: Offering low-cost disease-specific programs such as PHB helps minimize the complications of osteoporosis and improve the overall health of participants. Implementing disease-specific public health programs in assisted living centers can increase access to programs.
Self-Concordance and Subjective Well-Being in Four Cultures

Sheldon and colleagues have recently focused research attention on the concept of self-concordance, in which people feel that they pursue their goals because the goals fit with their underlying interests and values rather than because others say they should pursue them. Self-concordant individuals typically evidence higher subjective well-being (SWB). But is this also true in non-Western cultures, which emphasize people’s duty to conform to societal expectations and group-centered norms? To address this question, this study assessed goal self-concordance and SWB in four different cultures. U.S., Chinese, and South Korean samples evidenced equal levels of self-concordance, whereas a Taiwanese sample evidenced somewhat less self-concordance. More importantly, self-concordance predicted SWB within every culture. It appears that “owning one’s actions”—that is, feeling that one’s goals are consistent with the self—may be important for most if not all humans.
Physiological functions of mitochondrial fusion

In recent years, the dynamic nature of mitochondria has been discovered to be critical for their function. Here we discuss the molecular basis of mitochondrial fusion, its protective role in neurodegeneration, and its importance in cellular function. The mitofusins Mfn1 and Mfn2, GTPases localized to the outer membrane, mediate outer‐membrane fusion. OPA1, a GTPase associated with the inner membrane, mediates subsequent inner‐membrane fusion. Mutations in Mfn2 or OPA1 cause neurodegenerative diseases. Mouse models with defects in mitochondrial fusion genes have provided important avenues for understanding how fusion maintains mitochondrial physiology and neuronal function. Mitochondrial fusion enables content mixing within a mitochondrial population, thereby preventing permanent loss of essential components. Cells with reduced mitochondrial fusion, as a consequence, show a subpopulation of mitochondria that lack mtDNA nucleoids. Such mtDNA defects lead to respiration‐deficient mitochondria, and their accumulation in neurons leads to impaired outgrowth of cellular processes and ultimately neurodegeneration.
Do Patients With Neurologically Isolated Ocular Motor Cranial Nerve Palsies Require Prompt Neuroimaging?

Neurologically isolated ocular motor (third, fourth, and sixth) nerve palsies present frequently to neuroophthalmologists. In older patients, microvascular ischemia is a common cause, and most patients recover spontaneously within several months. However, some patients have a more serious cause, including lifeand vision-threatening conditions, such as expanding aneurysm, pituitary tumor and apoplexy, and brainstem stroke. The issue of whether to obtain neuroimaging in these patients (subjecting them to added time, expense, and risk of intravenous contrast) or following them over time without scanning (with the risk of missing a potentially treatable disease) is a dilemma faced by every physician, compounded by the increased attention paid to resource allocation and rising health care costs. Two experts weigh in on this topic in this Point Counter Point, using the available evidence to support their point of view.
Large deletions in the cytoplasmic kinase domain of the epidermal growth factor receptor do not affect its laternal mobility

The lateral diffusion coefficients of various epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor mutants with increasing deletions in their carboxy- terminal cytoplasmic domain were compared. A full size cDNA construct of human EGF receptor and different deletion constructs were expressed in monkey COS cells. The EGF receptor mutants expressed on the cell surface of the COS cells were labeled with rhodamine-EGF, and the lateral diffusion coefficients of the labeled receptors were determined by the fluorescence photo-bleaching recovery method. The lateral mobilities of three deletion mutants, including a mutant that has only nine amino acids in the cytoplasmic domain, are all similar (D approximately equal to 1.5 X 10(-10) cm2/s) to the lateral mobility of the "wild-type" receptor, which possess 542 cytoplasmic domain of EGF receptor, including its intrinsic protein kinase activity and phosphorylation state, are not required for the restriction of its lateral mobility.
LiteGreen: Saving Energy in Networked Desktops Using Virtualization

To reduce energy wastage by idle desktop computers in enterprise environments, the typical approach is to put a computer to sleep during long idle periods (e.g., overnight), with a proxy employed to reduce user disruption by maintaining the computer's network presence at some minimal level. However, the Achilles' heel of the proxy-based approach is the inherent trade-off between the functionality of maintaining network presence and the complexity of application-specific customization. We present LiteGreen, a system to save desktop energy by virtualizing the user's desktop computing environment as a virtual machine (VM) and then migrating it between the user's physical desktop machine and a VM server, depending on whether the desktop computing environment is being actively used or is idle. Thus, the user's desktop environment is "always on", maintaining its network presence fully even when the user's physical desktop machine is switched off and thereby saving energy. This seamless operation allows LiteGreen to save energy during short idle periods as well (e.g., coffee breaks), which is shown to be significant according to our analysis of over 65,000 hours of data gathered from 120 desktop machines. We have prototyped LiteGreen on the Microsoft Hyper-V hypervisor. Our findings from a small-scale deployment comprising over 3200 user-hours of the system as well as from laboratory experiments and simulation analysis are very promising, with energy savings of 72-74% with LiteGreen compared to 32% with existing Windows and manual power management.
Peer Tutoring on Facebook to Engage Students with Flipped Classes: A Correlational Experiment on Learning Outcomes

This paper aims to demonstrate the potentials of using Facebook to improve the students’ engagements with the flipped learning materials through implementation of socially enabled peer learning. The article looks at comparing the correlations between the learning outcomes with online quizzes as well as with the Facebook engagement of students. The findings show that although the learning outcomes are correlated with the both of these two interventions, the students’ engagement on Facebook has a stronger correlation with the learning outcomes in the flipped classes. The study also reports the lessons learned in deploying Facebook groups to implement peer learning in flipped classes. The results have been discussed in the lens of Theory of Peer Learning and the future avenues of research have been suggested. This study also motivates teaching practitioners in Information Systems to improve flipped learning by the use of social networking sites in their courses.
Abdominal Radiotherapy: A Major Determinant of Metabolic Syndrome in Nephroblastoma and Neuroblastoma Survivors

Background Reports on metabolic syndrome in nephroblastoma and neuroblastoma survivors are scarce. Aim was to evaluate the occurrence of and the contribution of treatment regimens to the metabolic syndrome. Patients and Methods In this prospective study 164 subjects participated (67 adult long-term nephroblastoma survivors (28 females), 36 adult long-term neuroblastoma survivors (21 females) and 61 control subjects (28 females)). Controls were recruited cross-sectionally. Waist and hip circumference as well as blood pressure were measured. Body composition and abdominal fat were assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA-scan). Laboratory measurements included fasting triglyceride, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), glucose, insulin, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) and free fatty acids (FFA) levels. Results Median age at follow-up was 30 (range 19–51) years in survivors and 32 (range 18–62) years in controls. Median follow-up time in survivors was 26 (6–49) years. Nephroblastoma (OR = 5.2, P<0.0001) and neuroblastoma (OR 6.5, P<0.001) survivors had more components of the metabolic syndrome than controls. Survivors treated with abdominal irradiation had higher blood pressure, triglycerides, LDL-C, FFA and lower waist circumference. The latter can not be regarded as a reliable factor in these survivors as radiation affects the waist circumference. When total fat percentage was used as a surrogate marker of adiposity the metabolic syndrome was three times more frequent in abdominally irradiated survivors (27.5%) than in non-irradiated survivors (9.1%, P = 0.018). Conclusions Nephroblastoma and neuroblastoma survivors are at increased risk for developing components of metabolic syndrome, especially after abdominal irradiation. We emphasize that survivors treated with abdominal irradiation need alternative adiposity measurements for assessment of metabolic syndrome.
Dielectric spectroscopy of Nano BaTiO/sub 3/ confined in MCM-41 mesoporous molecular sieve materials

Dielectric properties of barium titanate (BaTiO3) particles, synthesized directly in the pores of MCM-41 materials, have been investigated in the frequency range from 20 Hz to 1 MHz for temperature intervals from 100 K to 500 K. The dielectric spectra of BaTiO3 confined in these molecular sieves were compared with the results obtained from the investigation of pure MCM-41 materials. Obtained results confirmed successful incorporation of BaTiO3 into porous matrix, but no phase transition from paraelectric to ferroelectric phase was observed due to the particle size being smaller than the critical size. Also, the overall dielectric response of investigated materials is strongly influenced by adsorbed water molecules
Intertemporal Consumption With Directly Measured Welfare Functions and Subjective Expectations

Euler equation estimation of intertemporal consumption models requires many, often unverifiable assumptions. These include assumptions on expectations and preferences. We aim at reducing some of these requirements by using direct subjective information on respondents' preferences and expectations. The results suggest that individually measured welfare functions and expectations have predictive power for the variation in consumption across households. Furthermore, estimates of the intertemporal elasticity of substitution based on the estimated welfare functions are plausible and of a similar order of magnitude as other estimates found in the literature. The model favored by the data only requires cross-section data for estimation.
String join using precedence count matrix

In this paper; we propose a filter-and-refine string join algorithm. While the filtering phase can rapidly prune away strings that are not joinable, the refinement phase employs a comprehensive algorithm to remove the remaining false alarms. The efficiency of the proposed scheme lies in the use of the precedence count matrix (PCM) for computing the edit distance between two sequences. With PCM, the complexity of sequence comparison is a constant time. We also evaluated the proposed sequence join algorithm, and our study shows that it outperforms the known techniques.
Brain Reward Pathway Dysfunction in Maternal Depression and Addiction: A Present and Future Transgenerational Risk

Two research areas that could benefit from a greater focus on the role of the reward pathway are maternal depression and maternal addiction. Both depression and addiction in mothers are mediated by deficiencies in the reward pathway and represent substantial risks to the health of offspring and future generations. This targeted review discusses maternal reward deficits in depressed and addicted mothers, neural, genetic, and epigenetic mechanisms, and the transgenerational transmission of these deficits from mother to offspring. Postpartum depression and drug use disorders may entail alterations in the reward pathway, particularly in striatal and prefrontal areas, which may affect maternal attachment to offspring and heighten the risk of transgenerational effects on the oxytocin and dopamine systems. Alterations may involve neural circuitry changes, genetic factors that impact monoaminergic neurotransmission, as well as growth factors such as BDNF and stress-associated signaling in the brain. Improved maternal reward-based preventative measures and treatments may be specifically effective for mothers and their offspring suffering from depression and/or addiction.
Brain response to one's own name in vegetative state, minimally conscious state, and locked-in syndrome.

BACKGROUND A major challenge in the management of severely brain-injured patients with altered states of consciousness is to estimate their residual perception of the environment. OBJECTIVE To investigate the integrity of detection of one's own name in patients in a behaviorally well-documented vegetative state (VS), patients in a minimally conscious state (MCS), and patients with locked-in syndrome. DESIGN We recorded the auditory evoked potentials to the patient's own name and to 7 other equiprobable first names in 15 brain-damaged patients. RESULTS A P3 component was observed in response to the patient's name in all patients with locked-in syndrome, in all MCS patients, and in 3 of 5 patients in a VS. P3 latency was significantly (P<.05) delayed for MCS and VS patients compared with healthy volunteers. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that partially preserved semantic processing could be observed in noncommunicative brain-damaged patients, notably for the detection of salient stimuli, such as the subject's own name. This function seems delayed in MCS and (if present) in VS patients. More important, a P3 response does not necessarily reflect conscious perception and cannot be used to differentiate VS from MCS patients.
HIV prevalence in pregnant women in an ethnically diverse population in the UK: 1998–2002

Objective: To describe trends in the prevalence of HIV in an ethnically diverse population of pregnant women in the United Kingdom. Methods: Data on parental country of birth from national birth registration records were linked to neonatal dried blood spot samples routinely collected for neonatal screening in the North Thames region between 1998 and 2002. Identifiers were subsequently irreversibly deleted prior to establishing maternal HIV status by testing the neonatal samples. Results: A total of 491 213 dried blood spot samples were collected, and 490 879 (99.93%) were tested for HIV. Of these, 1029 were seropositive. There was an overall significant increasing trend (P-value = 0.001) between 1998 and 2002. Maternal region of birth was available for 89.8% of HIV-infected samples, and, among these, 80.5% of mothers were born in sub-Saharan Africa and 11.1% in the UK. The highest prevalences of HIV were in women born in sub-Saharan Africa (2.09%). If both parents were born in the UK, overall seroprevalence was 0.016%. Conclusion: HIV infection in pregnant women in the UK continues to occur predominantly in women born in sub-Saharan Africa with prevalence in this group increasing significantly. Although the absolute number of HIV-infected women rose in some other groups, there was no evidence for a statistically significant rise in HIV prevalence in women born outside sub-Saharan Africa. Over 93% of children at risk of vertical transmission of HIV had at least one parent born abroad. This paper underlines the value of data linkage in monitoring HIV prevalence in a diverse population.
Teachers' and Researchers' Beliefs about the Development of Algebraic Reasoning.

Mathematics teachers and educational researchers ordered arithmetic and algebra problems according to their predicted problem-solving difficulty for students. Predictions deviated systematically from algebra students’ performances but closely matched a view implicit in textbooks. Analysis of students’ problem-solving strategies indicates specific ways that students’ algebraic reasoning differs from that predicted by most teachers and researchers in the sample and portrayed in common textbooks. The Symbol Precedence Model of development of algebraic reasoning, in which symbolic problem solving precedes verbal problem solving and arithmetic skills strictly precede algebraic skills, was contrasted with the Verbal Precedence Model of development, which provided a better quantitative fit of students’ performance data. Implications of the findings for student and teacher cognition and for algebra instruction are discussed.
Intentional meaning of programs

In this dissertation we present a new approach for bridging the gap between the domain knowledge and programs by defining explicit mappings between program entities and domain concepts shared within domain ontologies. We call these mappings the ``intentional interpretation'' and they define explicitly the ``intentional meaning'' of a program. We use the intentional meaning to characterize the degree in which the code reflects the domain knowledge. We investigate how do the mismatches between the programs and the domain knowledge affect different quality attributes of programs. In order to automate our analyses we present a technique for automatic recovery of the intentional meaning based on the similarities between the names of concepts and program identifiers. In order to obtain knowledge for our analyses, we develop a method for automatically extracting fragments of domain ontologies by analyzing similarities of domain specific APIs.
Single-view to Multi-view: Reconstructing Unseen Views with a Convolutional Network

We present a convolutional network capable of generating images of a previously unseen object from arbitrary viewpoints given a single image of this object. The input to the network is a single image and the desired new viewpoint; the output is a view of the object from this desired viewpoint. The network is trained on renderings of synthetic 3D models. It learns an implicit 3D representation of the object class, which allows it to transfer shape knowledge from training instances to a new object instance. Beside the color image, the network can also generate the depth map of an object from arbitrary viewpoints. This allows us to predict 3D point clouds from a single image, which can be fused into a surface mesh. We experimented with cars and chairs. Even though the network is trained on artificial data, it generalizes well to objects in natural images without any modifications.
Bronchial Anthracosis: A New Diagnosis for Benign Mass Lesions of the Lung

Background This study aimed to identify the most important new radiological presentations of anthracosis and anthracofibrosis and evaluate the risk ratio for accurate diagnosis of these conditions using computed tomography instead of bronchoscopy. Materials and Methods This prospective, case-control study evaluated three groups of 70 patients with a bronchoscopic diagnosis of simple anthracosis and anthracofibrosis and 40 patients with a non-anthracotic diagnosis (control group). Bronchoscopy, chest radiographs and computed tomography (CT) (parenchymal and mediastinal windows) were reviewed. Special attention was given to mass lesions, calcified lymph nodes, bronchi and bronchial stenosis. Results Abnormal chest x-rays were observed in 93% of patients with bronchial anthracofibrosis; patchy consolidation was the most prevalent finding. The most significant CT finding was lymph node calcification (80%, odds ratio = 22.9), followed by bronchial calcification and bronchial stenosis (odds ratio = 6 and 2.91, respectively). Other significant findings were mass-like lesions (14%) and collapse (20%). CT findings were unremarkable in less than 1/6 of subjects. Conclusion Lymph node and bronchial calcification can serve as accurate signs in diagnosing anthracosis of the lung. In addition, mass lesions, collapse and infiltration may be associated with a benign course.
Parallel Path Delay Fault Simulation for Multi/Many-Core Processors with SIMD Units

Multi/many-core processors allow to handle path delay faults although the number of paths exponentially grows with the circuit size. This paper proposes an efficient path delay fault simulation that identifies all the robust and non-robust testable path delay faults for each test pattern. The simulation result is expressed by a scalable data structure only proportional to the numbers of gates and test patterns. The proposed simulation uses two types of parallelism, bit- and thread-parallelism, while considering efficient usage of multiple computing units and SIMD units which is resulting in a very fast simulation. Experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method identifying all the robust and non-robust testable paths for a large number of test patterns. In addition, the simulation surpasses a commercial logic simulator which just processes a part of the proposed method.
Optimization of Gene-Assisted Selection in Small-Sized Populations: Comparison of Deterministic and Stochastic Approaches

Many of the models used to optimize selection processes in livestock make the assumption that the population is of infinite size and are built on deterministic equations. The finite size case should however be considered explicitly when selection involves one identified gene. Indeed, drift can cause the loss of a favorable allele if its initial frequency is low. In this paper, a stochastic approach was developed to simultaneously optimize selection on two traits in a limited size population: a quantitative trait with underlying polygenic variation and a monogenic trait. We outline the interests of considering the limited size of the population in stochastic modeling with a simple example. Such stochastic models raise some technical problems (uncertain convergence to the maximum, computational burden) which could obliterate their usefulness as compared to simpler but approximate deterministic models which can be used when the population size is large. By way of this simple example, we show the feasibility of the optimization of this type of model using a genetic algorithm and demonstrate its interest compared with the corresponding deterministic model which assumes that the population is of infinite size.
Insulin‐like growth factor 1 and metabolic parameters are associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obese children and adolescents

Few studies have investigated the relationship between paediatric nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1). This study, carried out from July 2013 to September 2015, aimed to fill the gap and added metabolic parameters to the analysis.