Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Microfinance and Rural Women’s Empowerment: A Cross-Sectional level Analysis: Evidence from Rural Woreda’s of Harari Region

Nowadays microfinance is proved to be the tool mechanism to handle poverty that resides mostly in rural areas of the country, and is also a basic mechanism to empower women’s economically, socially and politically. Thus majority of poor rural women’s in the Ethiopia don’t have access to financial services. Out of the total sample respondents taken for the study 40 % are matured clients, 24 % are incoming clients, 24 % are non-clients lives in the two of the woreda’s where the HMFI are giving group and individual loan, and 12 % are non-clients lives in the rural woreda where the institution does not giving loan. The result of the study reveals that, among the participants in the credit policy, 51 (41%) of them are empowered, matured clients was take the lion share by 37 (30%), and the remaining 16 (13%) incoming clients. From non-clients category, 14 (11 %%) of NCP and 5 (4%) of NCNP are also empowered in every dimension put to measure women’s empowerment. The result of the descriptive statistics shows that income and saving level of matured and incoming clients are better than the non-clients, matured and incoming clients have also better access and control over resources. The result of econometrics analysis by using binary logistic regression model also shows that, variables like age of women’s respondents, age at marriage, marital status, education level of women’s, duration of women’s in the institution, income of their family, and non-formal education are the variables which can significantly affecting comulative women’s empowerment. Whereas, variables like religion of the respondents, form of marriage, access to media, head of family, and paid work variables are insignificant in affecting women’s empowerment. Accordingly propensity score matching was employed to see whether credit provided to women’s are empowered them or not. The result from all propensity score matching estimators shows participants are empowered due to their participation in the credit policy. Hence, according to the study to empower women in dimension of economically, household level, personally and politically the institution is recommended to see the factors which lead poor rural women’s not to be empowered and providing a better lending strategy which is focusing on effective supervision, training and approval of appropriate loan size to empower women’s.
THE STRUCTURE OF PUBLIC TRANSIT COSTS IN THE PRESENCE OF MULTIPLE SERIAL CORRELATION

Most studies indicate that public transit systems operate under increasing return to capital stock utilization and are siginificantly overcapitalized. Existing flexible form time series analyses, however, fail to correct for serial correlation. In this paper, evidence is presented to show that ignoring multiple serial correlation can have important policy implications. Based on monthly time series data from the Indianapolis Public Transit Corporation, the results indicate that failure to correct for serial correlation significantly affects economies of capital utilization estimates and has potentially important implications for optimal size of the transit fleet.
Interleukln 7-dependent B Lymphocyte Precursor Cells Are Ultrasensitive to Apoptmis

From the *Leuhaemia Research Fund Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, London SW3 6JB; the eMRC Radiobiology Unit, Didcot 0XI10Rs United Kingdom; the $Oncogene and Tumor Suppressor Gene Program, La Jolla Cancer Research Foundation, La Jolla, California 92037; and the IIDepartment of Medicine, Microbiology and Immunology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110
Does Globalization Affect Multinational Corporation Performance?

Abstract The global economy is a reality for nearly all industries, companies, and workers in every nation. While multinational corporations (MNCs) from developed countries have long pursued internationalization, firms from developing countries have also become global giants in the last 25 years. This paper empirically evaluates the impact of globalization on firm performance for two samples of firms: 50 MNCs from developed countries and 50 MNCs from developing countries. The results show that globalization does impact firm performance in the expected direction for both groups. Implications of the findings and directions for future research are given.
Segmenting the Group Tourist Heading for Warmer Weather

Abstract The aim of the study is to carry out a segmentation of motivations for tourists travelling on a pre-arranged tour heading for warmer weather. Employing a factor-cluster market segmentation approach, the study outlines four different clusters. “Active Sun and Family,” “Culture Patron,” “Experiencing,” and “Sun and Comfort. ” Then the validity of the segments is further analyzed by investigating the choice of destination and activities the different segments engage in, and finally, differences in satisfaction, intentions to repeat the trip, and probability of engaging in word of mouth are evaluated. The results are discussed in view of marketing implications and future research is suggested.
Growth in OECD countries and elsewhere: how much do education and R&D explain?

We find that the Nonneman and Vanhoudt (1996) extension to include R&D in the Mankiw, Romer and Weil (1992) growth model with human capital performs well also outside of OECD countries. It explains 61 to 86 percent of cross-country variation in income and growth over 40 years, explanatory variables being of expected sign for all country groups and significant in most cases. We test for the role of adding control variables and excluding outliers.
An improvement on the management of biomass removal from vegetated channels and the methods used in runoff research

The goal of the United States Congress is to replace 30% of United States petroleum with biofuels by 2030. If this goal will be accomplished, it is estimated that 25-50% of the land enrolled in the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP) will have its biomass removed. However, the purpose of many conservation practices enrolled in CRP is to improve or maintain water quality and not to serve as a source of biomass. This study was conducted to determine if biomass removal has an effect on runoff and sediment export from vegetated channels during low intensity storms that occur frequently. In June 2006, 24 channels were created that measured 2 m x 10 m. The treatments of grass species (big bluestem, corn, smooth bromegrass, and switchgrass) and biomass removal (removed, not removed) were applied to the channels in a split plot arrangement. Three times in 2007 and 3 more times in 2008, a 787 L load of water with suspended sediment was drained on the head and sides of each experimental unit and the entire load of water that ran off was collected, weighed, and sampled for sediment concentration. Biomass removal increased runoff and sediment by an average of 15% over the two years of the study. The channels planted to perennial C4 grasses were most effective at reducing runoff and sediment export, while the corn was consistently the least effective at reducing runoff and sediment export.
Antioxidant activity and chemical constituents of Warionia saharae Benth. & Coss. (Compositae) from Algeria

Phytochemical investigations of chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts from the aerial parts of Warionia sa- harae Benth. & Coss. from Algeria resulted in the isolation of ten known compounds: β-sitosterol, st igmasterol, sco- poletin, cirsimaritin, chrysoeriol, hispidulin, luteolin, esculetin, (2R,3R) taxifolin, quercetin. Their structures were eluci- dated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis and comparison with the related known compounds. The EtOAc extract which was evaluated for DPPH radical scavenging activity and of lipid peroxide inhibition showed potent antio x- idant ability compared to the quercetin and ascorbic acid used as positive control .
On antijamming in general CDMA systems-part I: multiuser capacity analysis

The capacity of a general multiuser CDMA jamming channel is analyzed when the receiver has or lacks jammer state information. Analyses are carried out for noncooperative and cooperative users in uplink and downlink static and Nakagami fading channels. The results are applied to a versatile multiaccess channel model which is based on the time-bandwidth dimensionality and is considered for the user capacity analysis of a variety of multiuser spread spectrum systems contaminated by jamming. In this model, different users are distinguished by signatures of either direct sequence or hopping type. It is found that the jammer should spread its energy evenly over all degrees of freedom in order to minimize the average capacity. Also, the capacity behavior appears to be dominated more by knowledge of jammer state information than by the effects of fading. The capacity of downlink channels in cooperative schemes is found to be more sensitive to changes in fading severity, compared with the capacity of other kinds of channels.
Hybrid Rice: Economic Assessment of a Promising Technology for Sustainable Food Grain Production in Bangladesh

Hybrid rice, one of the viable and proven technologies has been considered as a new frontier to increase rice production for meeting growing demand for staple food in Bangladesh. Using farm survey data this paper examines comparative profitability of hybrid and inbred rice cultivation and estimates a Stochastic Frontier Function to determine the effect of key variables on farm efficiency. Results show that hybrid rice gives substantially higher yield as well as net return compared to inbred rice which leads to increase and sustainable growth of food grain production. Analysis of Stochastic Frontier model shows hybrid rice farms are technically more efficient than inbred.
A faint red stellar halo around an edge-on disc galaxy in the Hubble Ultra Deep Field

We analyse the detailed structure of a highly-inclined (i > 80°) disc galaxy that lies within the Hubble Ultra Deep Field (UDF). The unprecedented depth of the UDF data allow disc and extraplanar emission to be traced reliably to surface brightness levels of μ V,i,z ∼ 29-30 mag arcsec -2 (corresponding to rest-frame equivalents of μ g,r,i ∼ 28-29 mag arcsec -2 ) in this redshift z = 0.32 system. We detect excess emission above the disc, which is characterized by a moderately flattened (b/a ∼ 0.6) power law (I R -2.6 ). The structure and colour of this component are very similar to the stellar halo detected in an SDSS stacking analysis of local disc galaxies and lend support to the idea that we have detected a stellar halo in this distant system. Although the peculiar colours of the halo are difficult to understand in terms of normal stellar populations, the consistency found between the UDF and SDSS analyses suggests that they cannot be easily discounted.
Creating and sustaining a highly engaged company culture in a multigenerational workplace

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how organizations can create and sustain a highly engaged, high performing company culture, one that fully integrates and leverages the strengths of boomers, Gen Xers and Millennials. Design/methodology/approach – Once a company run with a command and control approach, Tasty Catering leadership was confronted by its younger generation, mid-level leaders who said, “We no longer wanted to be told what to do”. Instead, they wanted to be given clearly defined tasks with identified outcomes and measures, and the freedom to pursue those goals how they so choose. In short, they wanted to change from “command and control” management to “team” leadership. After considerable thought, Tasty Catering leadership decided to embrace this creative destruction and the transformation began. From all employees reading Good to Great and breaking into teams to discuss applicability to the company to employee-led development of company culture starting with core values, the.
Prefrontal Glutamate Release into the Core of the Nucleus Accumbens Mediates Cocaine-Induced Reinstatement of Drug-Seeking Behavior

The relative contributions of glutamate and dopamine within the nucleus accumbens to cocaine-induced reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior were assessed. When extinguished cocaine self-administration behavior was reinstated by a cocaine-priming injection, extracellular levels of both dopamine and glutamate were elevated in the nucleus accumbens. However, when yoked cocaine or saline control subjects were administered a cocaine prime, only dopamine levels were elevated. Thus, glutamate increased only when animals reinstated lever pressing, whereas dopamine increased regardless of behavior. The increase in glutamate was not accounted for simply by the act of lever pressing itself, because the cocaine self-administration group still demonstrated elevated glutamate when the levers were withdrawn from the operant chamber. Moreover, reinstatement of lever pressing for food did not elevate extracellular glutamate, indicating that increased glutamate initiated responding selectively for a drug reinforcement. The source of glutamate was shown to be glutamatergic afferents from the prefrontal cortex because inhibiting prefrontal cortical glutamatergic neurons that project to the accumbens prevented the rise in glutamate. Together, these data demonstrate that activation of a glutamatergic projection from the prefrontal cortex to the nucleus accumbens underlies cocaine-primed reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior.
Physiological Responses to an Intensified Period of Rugby League Competition

Abstract Johnston, RD, Gibson, NV, Twist, C, Gabbett, TJ, MacNay, SA, and MacFarlane, NG. Physiological responses to an intensified period of rugby league competition. J Strength Cond Res 27(3): 643–654, 2013—This study investigated the physiological responses to an intensified period of rugby league competition and the subsequent impact on match performance. The participants were 7 rugby league players competing in an international student tournament. The tournament involved three 80-minute games over a 5-day period, with 48 hours between each match. Baseline measures of upper and lower body neuromuscular functions via a plyometric press-up (PP) and countermovement jump (CMJ), respectively (peak power and peak force were measured), blood creatine kinase (CK), and perceptions of well-being were assessed with a questionnaire. These measures were repeated every morning of the competition; neuromuscular fatigue and CK were additionally assessed within 2 hours after the cessation of each game. During each match, player movements were recorded via global positioning system units. There were meaningful reductions in upper (effect size [ES] = −0.55) and lower body (ES = −0.73) neuromuscular functions, and perceptual well-being (ES = −1.56) and increases in blood CK (ES = 2.32) after game 1. These changes increased in magnitude as the competition progressed. There were large reductions in the relative distance covered in high-speed running (ES = −1.49) and maximal accelerations (ES = −0.85) during game 3. Additionally, moderate reductions in the percentage of successful tackles completed were observed during game 3 (ES = −0.59). Collectively, these results demonstrate that during an intensified period of rugby league competition, characterized by only 48 hours between matches, fatigue will accumulate. This cumulative fatigue may compromise high-intensity match activities such as high-speed running, accelerations, and tackling. Furthermore, CMJs and PPs appear to be sensitive measures for monitoring neuromuscular function in rugby league players.
Effect of Rivastigmine on Behavioral and Psychiatric Symptoms of Parkinson’s Disease Dementia

Objective A recent study showed that rivastigmine and memantin improved behavioral and psychiatric symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in Alzheimer’s dementia. Furthermore, according to recent guidelines presented by the Movement Disorder Society, rivastigmine is efficacious for the treatment of dementia in Parkinson’s disease (PD). We investigated the efficacy of rivastigmine for BPSD in patients with Parkinson’s disease dementia (PDD). Methods Twenty-three patients in whom cognitive impairment occurred at least one year after a diagnosis of PD participated in this open-label trial. Cognitive, psychiatric, and motor symptoms were assessed before and after 24 weeks of treatment with rivastigmine using unstructured clinical assessments and rating scales including the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale, Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), and the Neuropsychiatric Inventory. Results Age (± standard deviation) was 74.7 ± 5.9 years, average duration of PD was 3.5 ± 3.7 years, Hoehn and Yahr scores were 2.2 ± 0.8, and baseline MMSE scores were 19.1 ± 4.2. Improvements in global mental symptoms and neuropsychiatric symptoms were significant; among them, hallucination, depression and appetite changes improved. Caregiver distress significantly decreased, including distress resulting from hallucinations, depression, apathy, and appetite changes. Conclusions Although controlled trials are required, the findings suggest that rivastigmine is useful for control of several neuropsychiatric symptoms and beneficial for caregiver distress in patients with PDD.
Volatility and Public Information Flows: Evidence from Disclosure and Media Coverage in the Japanese Stock Market

This study explores the impact of public information flows on the total volatility of stock returns and idiosyncratic volatility (IDV) using corporate disclosures and press media coverage for a broad cross-section of companies in Japan. We argue that firm-released disclosures and news reports released by the press have disparate effects on volatility. Specifically, disclosure information arrivals tend to increase total volatility, consistent with the uncertainty-generating effect, whereas media coverage reduces volatility, consistent with the notion that media reports resolve information uncertainty for firms. For IDV, both types of news tend to mitigate price synchronicity, suggesting that public information flows mainly contribute to the capitalization of firm-specific information on prices overall.
Saturation Properties and Density-dependent Interactions among Nuclear and Hyperon Matter~!2009-05-26~!2009-09-30~!2009-12-23~!

The density-dependent interrelations among properties of nuclear matter and hyperonic neutron stars are studied by applying the conserving nonlinear mean-field theory of hadrons. The nonlinear interactions that will be renormalized as effective coupling constants, effective masses and sources of equations of motion are constructed self- consistently by maintaining thermodynamic consistency (the Hugenholtz-Van Hove theorem, conditions of conserving approximations) to the nonlinear mean-field (Hartree) approximation. The characteristic density-dependent properties among nuclear matter and hyperonic neutron stars appear by way of effective coupling constants and masses of hadrons; they are mutually interdependent and self-consistently constrained via the bulk properties of infinite matter, such as incompressibility, K , symmetry energy, ￻ 4, and maximum masses of neutron stars. Consequently, the density- dependence induced by nonlinear interactions of hadrons will determine and restrict the saturation properties (binding energy and density) of hyperons, hyperon-onset density and equation of state in high densities. The nonlinear hadronic mean-field and quark-based hadronic models will predict essentially different density-dependent behavior for hadrons in terms of effective masses and coupling constants, and discrepancies between the models are shown and discussed, which would improve and compensate for both approaches to nuclear physics.
The Neoclassical Growth Model with Heterogeneous Quasi-Geometric Consumers

This paper investigates how the assumption of quasi-geometric (hyperbolic) discounting affects the distributional implications of the standard one-sector neoclassical growth model with infinitely lived heterogeneous agents. The agents are subject to idiosyncratic shocks and face borrowing constraints. We confine attention to an interior Markov recursive equilibrium. The consequence of quasi-geometric discounting is that the effective discount factor of an agent is not a constant, but an endogenous variable which depends on the agent's current state. We show, both analytically and by simulation, that this new feature can significantly affect the distributional implications of the neoclassical growth model.
Cultural Variation and Similarity in Moral Rhetorics

Past research on morality has emphasized a single justice-based moral ethic. Expanding this conception of morality, Shweder has proposed a universal taxonomy of three moral rhetorics related to justice, interdependence, and purity. Five studies tested the hypothesis that American morality emphasizes the justice-based rhetoric, whereas Filipino morality is represented by all three rhetorics. In the first three studies, American examples were modally justice based, whereas Filipinos generated examples in approximately equal proportions from each rhetoric. In Study 4, Americans rated justice-based rules higher on criteria of morality than rules from other rhetorics; Filipinos rated rules from all three rhetorics as moral. In Study 5, the association between anger and moral violations was stronger for Americans than for Filipinos, consistent with American emphasis on the moral stature of justice. Discussion focused on the origins and consequences of the American emphasis on rights and the balanced representation of morality observed in Filipinos.
Analysis of the unstable Tollmien–Schlichting mode on bodies with a rounded leading edge using the parabolized stability equation

The interaction between free-stream disturbances and the boundary layer on a body with a rounded leading edge is considered in this paper. A method which incorporates calculations using the parabolized stability equation in the Orr–Sommerfeld region, along with an upstream boundary condition derived from asymptotic theory in the vicinity of the leading edge, is generalized to bodies with an inviscid slip velocity which tends to a constant far downstream. We present results for the position of the lower branch neutral stability point and the magnitude of the unstable Tollmien–Schlichting (T-S) mode at this point for both a parabolic body and the Rankine body. For the Rankine body, which has an adverse pressure gradient along its surface far from the nose, we find a double maximum in the T-S wave amplitude for sufficiently large Reynolds numbers.