Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The role of the conserved phenylalanine in the σ54-interacting GAFTGA motif of bacterial enhancer binding proteins

σ54-dependent transcription requires activation by bacterial enhancer binding proteins (bEBPs). bEBPs are members of the AAA+ (ATPases associated with various cellular activities) protein family and typically form hexameric structures that are crucial for their ATPase activity. The precise mechanism by which the energy derived from ATP hydrolysis is coupled to biological output has several unknowns. Here we use Escherichia coli PspF, a model bEBP involved in the transcription of stress response genes (psp operon), to study determinants of its contact features with the closed promoter complex. We demonstrate that substitution of a highly conserved phenylalanine (F85) residue within the L1 loop GAFTGA motif affects (i) the ATP hydrolysis rate of PspF, demonstrating the link between L1 and the nucleotide binding pocket; (ii) the internal organization of the hexameric ring; and (iii) σ54 interactions. Importantly, we provide evidence for a close relationship between F85 and the −12 DNA fork junction structure, which may contribute to key interactions during the energy coupling step and the subsequent remodelling of the Eσ54 closed complex. The functionality of F85 is distinct from that of other GAFTGA residues, especially T86 where in contrast to F85 a clean uncoupling phenotype is observed.
Leader-follower compatibility: how (dis-)similarities in values, social cynicism and leadership qualities relate to employee outcomes

Although the topic of value congruence has attracted considerable attention from researchers and practitioners, evidence for the link between person-supervisor value congruence and followers’ reactions is less robust than often assumed. This study addresses three central issues in our understanding of person-supervisor value congruence (a) by assessing the impact of objective person-supervisor value congruence rather than subjective value congruence, (b) by examining the differential effects of value congruence in strongly versus moderately held values, and (c) by exploring perceived empowerment as a central mediating mechanism. Results of a multi-source study comprising 116 person-supervisor dyads reveal that objective value congruence relates to followers’ job satisfaction and affective commitment and that this link can be explained by followers’ perceived empowerment. Moreover, polynomial regression and response surface analyses reveal that congruence effects vary with the importance that leaders and followers ascribe to a certain value: congruency in strongly-held values have more robust relations with followers’ outcomes than congruence in moderately-held values.
Enterprise Ritual: A Theory of Entrepreneurial Emotion and Exchange

Unlike most other areas of social science, emotion has been a neglected concept within entrepreneurship research. Where it has appeared, it has usually been a marginal or subsidiary concern, subordinated to the more rational aspects of information processing and decision-making. This article draws upon ideas from social exchange, interaction ritual and discourse theory to propose a model that integrates the processes of social interaction, emotion and cognition. The model supports a set of conjectural propositions about the role of emotions in shaping entrepreneurial behaviour and suggests a number of new opportunities for research in this area.
Evolution of dust temperature of galaxies through cosmic time as seen by Herschel

We study the dust properties of galaxies in the redshift range 0.1 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 2.8 observed by the Herschel Space Observatory in the field of the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey-North as part of the PACS Extragalactic Probe (PEP) and Herschel Multi-tiered Extragalactic Survey (HerMES) key programmes. Infrared (IR) luminosity (L-IR) and dust temperature (T-dust) of galaxies are derived from the spectral energy distribution fit of the far-IR (FIR) flux densities obtained with the PACS and SPIRE instruments onboard Herschel. As a reference sample, we also obtain IR luminosities and dust temperatures of local galaxies at z \textless 0.1 using AKARI and IRAS data in the field of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We compare the L-IR-T-dust relation between the two samples and find that the median T-dust of Herschel-selected galaxies at z greater than or similar to 0.5 with L-IR greater than or similar to 5 x 10(10) L-circle dot appears to be 2-5 K colder than that of AKARI-selected local galaxies with similar luminosities, and the dispersion in T-dust for high-z galaxies increases with L-IR due to the existence of cold galaxies that are not seen among local galaxies. We show that this large dispersion of the L-IR-T-dust relation can bridge the gap between local star-forming galaxies and high-z submillimetre galaxies (SMGs). We also find that three SMGs with very low T-dust (less than or similar to 20 K) covered in this study have close neighbouring sources with similar 24-mu m brightness, which could lead to an overestimation of FIR/(sub) millimetre fluxes of the SMGs.
EFFECTS OF ROTATION ON STANDING ACCRETION SHOCK INSTABILITY IN NONLINEAR PHASE FOR CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVAE

We study the effects of rotation on standing accretion shock instability (SASI) by performing three-dimensional hydrodynamics simulations. Taking into account a realistic equation of state and neutrino heating/cooling, we prepare a spherically symmetric and steady accretion flow through a standing shock wave onto a proto-neutron star (PNS). When the SASI enters the nonlinear phase, we impose uniform rotation on the flow advecting from the outer boundary of the iron core, whose specific angular momentum is assumed to agree with recent stellar evolution models. Using spherical harmonics in space and Fourier decompositions in time, we perform mode analysis of the nonspherical deformed shock wave to observe rotational effects on the SASI in the nonlinear phase. We find that rotation imposed on the axisymmetric flow does not make any spiral modes and hardly affects sloshing modes, except for steady l = 2, m = 0 modes. In contrast, rotation imposed on the nonaxisymmetric flow increases the amplitude of spiral modes so that some spiral flows accreting on the PNS are more clearly formed inside the shock wave than without rotation. The amplitudes of spiral modes increase significantly with rotation in the progressive direction.
An HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein Trimer with an Embedded IL-21 Domain Activates Human B Cells

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) that target the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Env) can prevent virus acquisition, but several Env properties limit its ability to induce an antibody response that is of sufficient quantity and quality. The immunogenicity of Env can be increased by fusion to co-stimulatory molecules and here we describe novel soluble Env trimers with embedded interleukin-4 (IL-4) or interleukin-21 (IL-21) domains, designed to activate B cells that recognize Env. In particular, the chimeric EnvIL-21 molecule activated B cells efficiently and induced the differentiation of antibody secreting plasmablast-like cells. We studied whether we could increase the activity of the embedded IL-21 by designing a chimeric IL-21/IL-4 (ChimIL-21/4) molecule and by introducing amino acid substitutions in the receptor binding domain of IL-21 that were predicted to enhance its binding. In addition, we incorporated IL-21 into a cleavable Env trimer and found that insertion of IL-21 did not impair Env cleavage, while Env cleavage did not impair IL-21 activity. These studies should guide the further design of chimeric proteins and EnvIL-21 may prove useful in improving antibody responses against HIV-1.
Spoofing speech detection using high dimensional magnitude and phase features: the NTU approach for ASVspoof 2015 challenge

Recent improvement in text-to-speech (TTS) and voice conversion (VC) techniques presents a threat to automatic speaker veriﬁcation (ASV) systems. An attacker can use the TTS or VC systems to impersonate a target speaker’s voice. To over-come such a challenge, we study the detection of such synthetic speech (called spooﬁng speech) in this paper. We propose to use high dimensional magnitude and phase based features and long term temporal information for the task. In total, 2 types of magnitude based features and 5 types of phase based features are used. For each feature type, we build a component system using a multilayer perceptron to predict the posterior probabilities of the input features extracted from spooﬁng speech. The probabilities of all component systems are averaged to produce the score for ﬁnal decision. When tested on the ASVspoof 2015 benchmarking task, an equal error rate (EER) of 0.29% is obtained for known spooﬁng types, which demonstrates the highly effectiveness of the 7 features used. For unknown spoofing types, the EER is much higher at 5.23%, suggesting that future research should be focused on improving the generaliza-tion of the techniques.
Liver fibrosis progression in human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus coinfected patients

The natural history of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐infected patients has never been studied according to the concept of liver fibrosis progression. The aim of this work was to assess the fibrosis progression rate in HIV‐HCV coinfected patients and in patients infected by HCV only. A cohort of 122 HIV‐HCV coinfected patients was compared with a control group of 122 HIV‐negative HCV‐infected patients. Groups were matched according to age, sex, daily alcohol consumption, age at HCV infection, and duration and route of HCV infection. The fibrosis progression rate was defined as the ratio between fibrosis stage (METAVIR scoring system) and the HCV duration. The prevalence of extensive liver fibrosis (METAVIR fibrosis scores 2, 3, and 4) and moderate or severe activity were higher in HIV‐infected patients (60% and 54%, respectively) than in control patients (47% and 30%, respectively; P < .05 and P < .001, respectively). The median fibrosis progression rate in coinfected patients and in control patients was 0.153 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.117‐0.181) and 0.106 (95% CI, 0.084‐0.125) fibrosis units per year, respectively (P < .0001). HIV seropositivity (P < .0001), alcohol consumption (>50 g/d, P = .0002), age at HCV infection (<25 years old,P< .0001), and severe immunosuppression (CD4 count ≤200 cells/μL,P< .0001) were associated with an increase in the fibrosis progression rate. In coinfected patients, alcohol consumption (>50 g/d), CD4 count (≤200 cells/μL), and age at HCV infection (<25 years old) (P< .0001, respectively) were associated with a higher fibrosis progression rate. HIV seropositivity accelerates HCV‐related liver fibrosis progression. In coinfected patients, a low CD4 count, alcohol consumption rate, and age at HCV infection are associated with a higher liver fibrosis progression rate.
SOX2 Enhances the Migration and Invasion of Ovarian Cancer Cells via Src Kinase

Ovarian cancer is the leading cause of death among gynecologic cancers and is the fifth leading cause of all cancer-related deaths among women. The development of novel molecular targets is therefore important to many patients. Recently, the SRY-related transcription factor SOX2 has been widely reported to be involved in multiple pathophysiological diseases, including maintenance of stem cell characteristics and carcinogenesis. Up to now, SOX2 has been mainly shown to promote the development of cancer, although its inhibitory roles in cancer have also been reported. However, the role of SOX2 in ovarian cancer is largely unknown. In the present study, we detected the expression of SOX2 in 64 human serous ovarian carcinoma (SOC) tissues and paired corresponding metastatic specimens using immunohistochemistry. The results showed that the expression of SOX2 in primary tumors is much lower than that in the corresponding metastatic lesions. We further found that SOX2 overexpression promotes proliferation, migration and invasion, while inhibiting adhesion abilities of SOC cells. Finally, we found that SOX2 targets Src kinase, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase that regulates cell migration, invasion and adhesion in SOC cells. Together, these results suggested that Src kinase is a key molecule in SOX2-mediated migration and invasion of SOC cells.
A Multi-Indicator Approach for Geolocalization of Tweets

Real-time information from microblogs like Twitter is useful for different applications such as market research, opinion mining, and crisis management. For many of those messages, location information is required to derive useful insights. Today, however, only around 1% of all tweets are explicitly geotagged. We propose the first multi-indicator method for determining (1) the location where a tweet was created as well as (2) the location of the user's residence. Our method is based on various weighted indicators, including the names of places that appear in the text message, dedicated location entries, and additional information from the user profile. An evaluation shows that our method is capable of locating 92% of all tweets with a median accuracy of below 30km, as well as predicting the user's residence with a median accuracy of below 5.1km. With that level of accuracy, our approach significantly outperforms existing work.
Using attachment enhancing activities based on the principles of Theraplay® to improve adult-child relationships and reduce a child’s ‘overall stress’ as measured by the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ)

ABSTRACT The study investigated whether 10 minutes of attachment enhancing play delivered daily over 2 weeks could improve adult-child relationships and whether this bettered the way they functioned socially and emotionally. The attachment enhancing play was based on Theraplay® principles and utilized the 4 dimensions of ‘Structure, Engagement, Nurture, and Challenge’. The sample was of 5 different adult/child dyads in 5 different schools. All the children had identified Social, Emotional, Behavioural Difficulties and each adult led the attachment activities with the children they were supporting. Following the 2-week intervention there was a real change in each of the adult/child relationships. The Goodman’s SDQ and a Boxall Profile were completed, a month apart, before and after the intervention. The SDQ overall stress scores reduced for all the children and on average by 29%. The Boxall Profile showed improvement in scores that indicate that the children were more able to ‘accept constraints’ and ‘accommodate and respond constructively to others’. Pianta’s ‘Student-Teacher Relationship Scale’ results indicated an improvement in closeness and an even better reduction in conflict in the relationships. The activities were the only change to the children’s routine, so the inference is that the intervention created the conditions for change.
TANGO1 recruits ERGIC membranes to the endoplasmic reticulum for procollagen export

Previously we showed that membrane fusion is required for TANGO1-dependent export of procollagen VII from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) (Nogueira, et al., 2014). Along with the t-SNARE Syntaxin 18, we now reveal the complete complement of SNAREs required in this process, t-SNAREs BNIP1 and USE1, and v-SNARE YKT6. TANGO1 recruits YKT6-containing ER Golgi Intermediate Compartment (ERGIC) membranes to procollagen VII-enriched patches on the ER. Moreover residues 1214-1396, that include the first coiled coil of TANGO1, specifically recruit ERGIC membranes even when targeted to mitochondria. TANGO1 is thus pivotal in concentrating procollagen VII in the lumen and recruiting ERGIC membranes on the cytoplasmic surface of the ER. Our data reveal that growth of a mega transport carrier for collagen export from the ER is not by acquisition of a larger patch of ER membrane, but instead by addition of ERGIC membranes to procollagen-enriched domains of the ER by a TANGO1-mediated process. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.10982. 001
WFC3 UVIS PSF Evaluation in Thermal-Vacuum Test #3

We have assessed the image quality of the WFC3 UVIS channel in a flight-like thermalvacuum environment, and with its flight detector installed. Point source measurements at 16 field positions and four wavelengths indicate excellent imaging performance for the UVIS channel. Encircled energies readily meet expectations over the field, with CASTLE stimulus illumination. Models including the mid-frequency WFE of the HST OTA indicate that the on-orbit EE will likely meet the goal levels at 633 nm and meet the revised core CEI specification at 250 nm.
Comparative evaluation of shear bond strength of three flowable compomers on enamel of primary teeth: An in-vitro study

Background The aim of the present study was to determine Shear bond strength (SBS) of different flowable compomers on the enamel surface of primary teeth. The null hypothesis to be tested was that none of the flowable compomer would differ significantly from the other two with respect to SBS. As a result, the tested materials that have the easiest application on child patient is preferred. Material and Methods Sixty newly extracted non carious primary molars were selected. The buccal surface was cleaned and polished to obtain a flat enamel surface. The specimens were randomly divided into three groups of 20 teeth each, based on the flowable compomers applied, as follows: group I: Dyract Flow® (Dentsply, Konstanz, Germany); group II: Twinky Star Flow® (Voco, Cuxhaven, Germany); and group III: R&D Series Nova Compomer Flow® (Imicryl, Konya, Turkey). Results SBS in group II (6.78± 0.45 MPa) were significantly lower than groups I and III (8.30 ± 0.29 and 8.43 ± 0.66 MPa, respectively) (P<.001). No significant difference was found between groups I and III (P<.05). Conclusions Significant differences existed between the SBS of the groups. Therefore, the null hypothesis was rejected. Flowable compomers can provide adequate SBS with self-etching system at restoration of primary teeth. Thus, successful restorations in pediatric patients can be done in a practical way. Key words:Flowable compomer, primary teeth, shear bond strength.
The Importance of Partner Narcissism to Audit Quality: Evidence from Taiwan

Relying on the size of partner signatures in audit reports to measure their narcissism, we find that actual and perceived audit quality rises with partner narcissism. Reinforcing causal inference, we show that changes in audit quality are positively associated with changes in partner narcissism stemming from mandatory auditor rotation, and that audit quality does not reversely affect partner signature size. We also find that the impact of auditor narcissism on audit quality is more pronounced when the client is larger and when the auditor shares school ties with client executives, although it does not vary with engagement complexity. Collectively, this evidence implies that partner narcissism improves audit quality mainly through increased auditor independence, rather than auditor competence. In additional results consistent with expectations, we generally find that the role that partner narcissism plays in audit quality is smaller in Big Four audit firms known to have robust quality control structures and more standardized audit methodologies, which narrows the scope for partnerlevel characteristics to matter. We also document that although partner narcissism has no perceptible impact on the incidence of Type I going concern reporting errors, it reduces the probability of making a Type II error, corroborating that more narcissistic partners are less likely to sacrifice their independence.
Breakdown of the Blood-Brain Barrier during Tick-Borne Encephalitis in Mice Is Not Dependent on CD8+ T-Cells

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus causes severe encephalitis with serious sequelae in humans. The disease is characterized by fever and debilitating encephalitis that can progress to chronic illness or fatal infection. In this study, changes in permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in two susceptible animal models (BALB/c, and C57Bl/6 mice) infected with TBE virus were investigated at various days after infection by measuring fluorescence in brain homogenates after intraperitoneal injection of sodium fluorescein, a compound that is normally excluded from the central nervous system. We demonstrate here that TBE virus infection, in addition to causing fatal encephalitis in mice, induces considerable breakdown of the BBB. The permeability of the BBB increased at later stages of TBE infection when high virus load was present in the brain (i.e., BBB breakdown was not necessary for TBE virus entry into the brain), and at the onset of the first severe clinical symptoms of the disease, which included neurological signs associated with sharp declines in body weight and temperature. The increased BBB permeability was in association with dramatic upregulation of proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine mRNA expression in the brain. Breakdown of the BBB was also observed in mice deficient in CD8+ T-cells, indicating that these cells are not necessary for the increase in BBB permeability that occurs during TBE. These novel findings are highly relevant to the development of future therapies designed to control this important human infectious disease.
The role of genetic and environmental factors in the association between birthweight and blood pressure: evidence from meta-analysis of twin studies.

BACKGROUND An inverse association between birthweight and later blood pressure has been found in many studies in singletons. Twin studies have been used to examine whether genetic factors or family environment could account for this association. METHODS A systematic review identified 10 studies covering 3901 twin pairs. Meta-analysis of regression coefficients for the association between birthweight and systolic blood pressure was carried out for unpaired versus paired associations and for paired associations in dizygotic versus monozygotic pairs. RESULTS After adjustment for current weight or body mass index (BMI), the difference in systolic blood pressure per kg birthweight was -2.0 (95% CI: -3.2, -0.8) mmHg in the unpaired analysis and -0.4 (95% CI: -1.5, 0.7) mmHg in the paired analysis in the same subjects. In the paired analysis by zygosity, in all twins the coefficients were -0.7 (95% CI: -2.3, 0.8) mmHg in dizygotic pairs and -0.8 (95% CI: -2.1, 0.4) mmHg in monozygotic pairs, but in studies which included zygosity tests the coefficients were -1.0 (95% CI: -3.3, 1.6) mmHg in dizygotic pairs and -0.4 (95% CI: -1.9, 1.3) mmHg in monozygotic pairs. CONCLUSIONS The attenuation of the regression coefficient in the paired analysis provides support for the possibility that factors shared by twins contribute to the association between birthweight and blood pressure in singletons. Comparison of paired analysis in monozygotic and dizygotic pairs could not provide conclusive evidence for a role for genetic as opposed to shared environmental factors.