Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long-term outcomes of congenital cytomegalovirus infection in Sweden and the United Kingdom.

BACKGROUND Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an important cause of neurological problems, particularly sensorineural hearing loss, but data on long-term sequelae and the impact of nonprimary maternal infection are limited. We report updated findings on childhood outcomes from 2 large prospective studies. METHODS Pregnant women in Malmö, Sweden, and London, United Kingdom, were included between 1977 and 1986, and newborns were screened for CMV (virus culture of urine or saliva). Cases and matched controls underwent regular, detailed developmental assessments up to at least age 5 years. RESULTS One hundred seventy-six congenitally infected infants were identified among >50 000 screened (Malmö: 76 [4.6/1000 births]; London: 100 [3.2/1000 births]); 214 controls were selected. Symptoms were recorded in 11% of CMV-infected neonates (19/176) and were mostly mild; only 1 neonate had neurological symptoms. At follow-up, 7% of infants (11/154) were classified as having mild, 5% (7/154) moderate, and 6% (9/154) severe neurological sequelae. Four of 161 controls (2%) had mild impairment. Among children symptomatic at birth, 42% (8/19) had sequelae, versus 14% (19/135) of the asymptomatic infants (P = .006). All moderate/severe outcomes were identified by age 1; mild sequelae were first identified at age 2-5 years in 6 children, and age 6-7 years in 3. Among the 16 children with moderate/severe outcomes, 2 had mothers with confirmed and 7 with presumed nonprimary infection. CONCLUSIONS Moderate or severe outcomes were reported in 11% of children with congenital CMV identified through population screening, all by 1 year; all impairment detected after this age was mild. Nonprimary infections contributed substantially to the burden of childhood congenital CMV disease.
Towards A Marketplace for Mobile Content: Dynamic Pricing and Proactive Caching

In this work, we investigate the profit maximization problem for a wireless network carrier and the payment minimization for end-users. Motivated by recent findings on proactive resource allocation, we focus on the scenario whereby end-users who are equipped with device-to-device (D2D)communication can harness predictable demand in proactive data contents caching and the possibility of trading their proactive downloads to minimize their expected payments. The carrier, on the other hand, utilizes a dynamic pricing scheme to differentiate between off-peak and peak time prices and applies commissions on each trading process to further maximize its profit. A novel marketplace that is based on risk sharing between end-users is proposed where the tension between carrier and end-users is formulated as a Stackelberg game. The existence and uniqueness of the non-cooperative sub-game Nash equilibrium is shown. Furthermore, we explore the equilibrium points for the case when the D2D is available and when it is not available, and study the impact of the uncertainty of users future demands on the system's performance. In particular, we compare the new equilibrium with the baseline scenario of flat pricing. Despite end-users connectivity with each other, the uncertainty of their future demands, and the freshness of the pre-cached contents, we characterize a new equilibrium region which yields to a win-win situation with respect to the baseline equilibrium. We show that end-users activity patterns can be harnessed to maximize the carrier's profit while minimizing the end-users expected payments.
Metaphoric Perceptions of the Students of the Sports Sciences Faculty Regarding the Concept of Fair-play

The objective of this study is to reveal the perceptions of the students of the sports sciences faculty regarding the concept of “Fair-Play” by means of metaphors. 275 students [male (n=173), female (n=102) ] studying at the Sports Sciences Faculty of Seljuk University in the fall semester of the 2016-2017 educational year took part in the study voluntarily. The data of the study were obtained by making the students complete the sentence of “Fair-Play is like…………. because………. ” Every student was expected to create a metaphor regarding the concept of Fair-Play in that way. In this study, the research design of phenomenology was used and the analysis of the data was conducted by using the content analysis method. The perceptions of the students of the Sports Sciences Faculty for the concept of “Fair-Play” were scrutinized by way of the metaphor analysis method. In this scope, the process of analysis and construal of the metaphors developed by the students took place in five stages as (1) determination of the metaphors, (2) classification of the metaphors, (3) category development, (4) ensuring validity and reliability, and (5) transfer of the data to the SPSS package program for quantitative data analysis.According to the findings of the study, the students created totally 119 valid metaphors regarding the concept of “Fair-Play. ” The metaphors were analyzed in terms of their common traits and brought together under seven conceptual categories. At the end of the study, it was determined that students have perceived Fair Play as the “Expression of Wisdom” by 27%; as the “Expression of Nature” by 25%; “as a Guide” by 19%; as the “Expression of Humanly Qualifications” by 13%; as the “Expression of Cleanness” by 8%; as the “Expression of Contradiction” by 5%; and as “Important Persons” by 3%.
The Uses of Expertise: Science, Medicine and Body/Self-Fashioning

This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses and Dissertations at Loyola eCommons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of Loyola eCommons. For more information, please contact ecommons@luc.edu. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thank you to my advisors and committee members Drs. Kelly Moore and Anne Figert for pushing me intellectually throughout this project. I would also like to thank my graduate student colleagues for their friendship and support, especially Joseph Renow, Undermann at the University of Illinois-Chicago for her insights as both a medical sociologist and a good friend. Finally, I would like to extend my gratitude to the sociology department for funding me throughout this project. Without their support, I would not have been able to devote the time and attention required to create the final product presented here. Most importantly, thank you to my participants, whom I consider to be co-constructors of this knowledge. One of the main intellectual activities of our century has been the questioning, not to say the undermining, of authority. Inherently unstable, the body is always in a paradoxical process of becoming – and becoming undone. (Albright 2007) v ABSTRACT This paper draws on empirical evidence collected from pro-anorexia websites and qualitative interviews with dieters to develop an analysis of the uses of medical and scientific expertise in processes of body-and self-fashioning. It builds on previous work by examining how 'lay publics' refashion expertise in order to use it for new purposes, sometimes contradictory to the purposes of medicine itself. Four distinct groups are analyzed: Women diagnosed with anorexia; women diagnosed with EDNOS (Eating Disorder Not Otherwise Specified); dieters using traditional methods of caloric restricting; and dieters using a new method called Primal Dieting. Overall, respondents indicated an ambivalence toward medical and scientific expertise and the criteria used to evaluate expert discourses. Refashioning of expertise was conditional upon three body/self strategies: (1) Moving oneself out of the discredited eating disorder diagnosis EDNOS; (2) Recreating the eating and living practices of 'Paleolithic Man' through Primal Dieting; and (3) Creating moral boundaries around those who engage in bodywork and diet practices and those who don't. While it has been suggested that lay practices and belief systems represent an epistemological challenge to expert knowledges, this analysis suggests that there is considerable overlap between frameworks of 'truth-making' between the four groups and scientific medicine. This calls us …
Household welfare and women empowerment through microcredit financing: Evidence from Malaysia microcredit

ABSTRACT Microcredit financing is considered a crucial vehicle to flourish the socioeconomic conditions of women and women empowerment, especially among those who are from low-income households and deprived of access to financial services. Nevertheless, the literature arrived with a conflicting conclusion about its effect and women demonstrate that microcredit has small or no effect. This study is intended to scrutinize the impact of a productive loan provided by Amanah Ikhtiar Malaysia (AIM) on women household welfare and empowerment. A cross-sectional survey was employed through the distribution of a questionnaire to 495 of old and new borrowers. We observe that microcredit has significant positive effects on borrowers’ household income and personal asset acquisition. However, even though the effect of microcredit empowers women borrowers in households’ decisions-making, it has no effect on women control over minor financials.
Text recognition skills and text recall ability of adults who do and do not stutter in oral and typed modes

Title of Thesis: TEXT RECOGNITION SKILLS AND TEXT RECALL ABILITY OF ADULTS WHO DO AND DO NOT STUTTER IN ORAL AND TYPED MODES Erica Lescht, Master of Arts, 2017 Thesis Directed By: Professor Nan Bernstein Ratner Department of Hearing and Speech Sciences BACKGROUND: Growing evidence suggests subtle weak language and memory skills in adults who stutter (AWS). It is unknown if differences are due to oral task demands; prior memory studies have focused on phonological short-term memory. This study further investigates story retelling and word fluency skills in AWS and adults who do not stutter (AWNS). METHOD: Fifteen pairs of AWS and AWNS completed story retell and recognition tasks conducted in oral and typed modes. Word fluency (lexical retrieval) skills, digit span in both modes, and vocabulary were also assessed. RESULTS: No significant differences were found between groups on most measures, across modes, with the exception of word fluency, where AWS produced fewer items in both modes. Vocabulary and word fluency skills correlated with story retell ability in AWNS, but not in AWS. Findings suggest potential lexical access and retrieval differences in AWS, but no specific disadvantages posed by oral responses. TEXT RECOGNITION SKILLS AND TEXT RECALL ABILITY OF ADULTS WHO DO AND DO NOT STUTTER IN ORAL AND TYPED MODES
Migration/inversion: think image point coordinates, process in acquisition surface coordinates

We state a general principle for seismic migration/inversion processes: think image point coordinates; compute in surface coordinates. This principle allows the natural separation of multiple travel paths of energy from a source to a reflector to a receiver. Further, the Beylkin determinant (Jacobian of transformation between processing parameters and acquisition surface coordinates) is particularly simple in stark contrast to the common-offset Beylkin determinant in standard single arrival Kirchhoff . A feature of this type of processing is that it changes the deconvolution structure of Kirchhoff operators or the deconvolution imaging operator of wave equation migration into convolution operators; that is, division by Green's functions is replaced by multiplications by adjoint Green's functions. This transformation from image point coordinates to surface coordinates is also applied to a recently developed extension of the standard Kirchhoff inversion method. The standard method uses Green's functions in the integration process and tends to produce more imaging artefacts than alternatives, such as methods using Gaussian beam representations of Green's functions in the inversion formula. These methods point to the need for a true-amplitude Kirchhoff technique that uses more general Green's functions: Gaussian beams, true-amplitude one-way Green's functions, or Green's functions from the two-way wave equation. Here, we present a derivation of a true-amplitude Kirchhoff that uses these more general Green's functions. When this inversion is recast as an integral over all sources and receivers, the formula is surprisingly simple.
Astrophysical and cosmological implications of large volume string compactifications

We study the spectrum, couplings and cosmological and astrophysical implications of the moduli fields for the class of Calabi–Yau IIB string compactifications for which moduli stabilisation leads to an exponentially large volume and an intermediate string scale ms∼1011 GeV, with TeV-scale observable supersymmetry breaking. All Kähler moduli except for the overall volume are heavier than the susy (supersymmetry) breaking scale, with m∼ln(MP/m3/2)m3/2∼(ln(MP/m3/2))2msusy∼500 TeV and, contrary to standard expectations, have matter couplings suppressed only by the string scale rather than the Planck scale. These decay to matter early in the history of the universe, with a reheat temperature T∼107 GeV, and are free from the cosmological moduli problem (CMP). The heavy moduli have a branching ratio to gravitino pairs of 10−30 and do not suffer from the gravitino overproduction problem. The overall volume modulus is a distinctive feature of these models and is an Mplanck-coupled scalar of mass m∼1 MeV and subject to the CMP. A period of thermal inflation may help relax this problem. This field has a lifetime τ∼1024 s and can contribute to dark matter. It may be detected through its decays to γγ or e+e−. If accessible the e+e− decay mode dominates, with suppressed by a factor (ln(MP/m3/2))2. We consider the potential for detection of this field through different astrophysical sources: the Milky Way halo, the diffuse cosmic background and nearby galaxy clusters and find that the observed gamma ray background constrains . The decays of this field may generate the 511 keV emission line from the galactic centre observed by INTEGRAL/SPI.
User comments about research findings: How conflictual information in online science journalistic articles influences laypeople’s understanding of scientific tentativeness

Abstract This study investigated whether conflictual information about novel medical findings in online newspaper articles affected laypeople’s perception of tentativeness, their attitude toward, and fear of, the medical procedure in question. For this purpose, we rated the user comments from all available online newspaper articles about Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS). Multilevel regressions revealed that higher levels of conflictual information in the articles were associated with higher levels of expressed tentativeness and a more negative attitude toward DBS expressed in the user comments. No significant relationship with expressed fear of DBS was found. We conclude that journalistic preparation and style is directly associated with readers’ perception of tentativeness and opinion formation and discuss suggestions for journalistic presentation of scientific information.
Modeling the Structure of Collective Action

We propose an improved theoretical approach to the rich variety of collective action now present in public life. Toward this end, we advance a conception of collective action as communicative in nature, and offer a two-dimensional model of collective action space, comprising dimensions for (a) the mode of interpersonal interaction and (b) the mode of engagement that shapes interaction. We illustrate the perspective by describing the location of a variety of contemporary collective action groups within it and by an explication of the space that reveals its utility for making sense of modern collective action efforts. Specifically, we apply the collective action space to illustrate the changing presence of collective action groups over time, deviations in collective action groups through changes in size, shape, and location, and variations in the experiences and motivations of people engaged in collective action efforts. Finally, we show how our communicative approach to collective action can integrate the insights of several theoretical traditions, including collective action theory, social capital theory, and aspects of organization theory.
The impact of acculturation identification and acculturative stress on creativity among Iranian immigrants living in Malaysia

ABSTRACT The authors investigate how patterns of heritage and mainstream cultural identification and acculturative stress may explain how Iranians living in Malaysia demonstrate enhanced creativity in creative achievements and creative problem-solving. The sample included 328 Iranian students who were recruited using a cluster sampling method. The results reveal that acculturative strategies (biculturalism, bicultural integration, or bicultural marginalisation) are associated with enhanced creativity. Specifically, strategies that involve disengaging from cultural practices, also referred to as marginalisation, are associated with creative achievements and finding creative solutions to problems. Moreover, heritage cultural identification mediated the relationship between culture shock and creative solution. That is, students who experienced culture shock in the mainstream culture relied on their cultural heritage knowledge and showed decline in their ability to solve a problem creatively. The findings illuminate how creative accomplishment and enhanced creativity potential may be linked to acculturation strategies.
Spontaneous Periodontitis Development in Diabetic Rats Involves an Unrestricted Expression of Inflammatory Cytokines and Tissue Destructive Factors in the Absence of Major Changes in Commensal Oral Microbiota

Diabetes mellitus is a heterogeneous group of disorders, in which hyperglycemia is a main feature. The objective was to evaluate the involvement of RAGE, inflammatory cytokines, and metalloproteinases in spontaneous periodontitis triggered by diabetes induction. Immunohistochemical procedures for MMP-2, MMP-9, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, RANKL, and RAGE were performed in rats after 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of diabetes induction. Total DNA was extracted from paraffin-embedded tissues and evaluated by Real-TimePCR for 16S total bacterial load and specific periodontopathogens. Our data did not demonstrate differences in microbiological patterns between groups. In diabetic groups, an increase in RAGE-positive cells was detected at 6, 9, and 12 months, while TNF-alpha-stained cells were more prevalent at 6 and 12 months. In experimental groups, IL-β-positive cells were increased after 12 months, IL-6 stained cells were increased at 9 and 12 months, and RANKL-positive cells at 9 months. Diabetes resulted in widespread expression of RAGE, followed by expression of proinflammatory mediators, without major alterations in oral microbial profile. The pervasive expression of cytokines suggests that spontaneous periodontitis development may be independent of microbial stimulation and may be triggered by diabetes-driven imbalance of homeostasis.
Immunosuppressive factor(s) specific for L-glutamic acid(50)-L- tyrosine(50) (GT). II. Presence of I-J determinants on the GT-suppressive factor

The responses to the synthetic antigens, L-glutamic acid(60)-L- alanine(30)-L-tyrosine(10) (GAT) and L-glutamic acid(50)-L-tyrosine(50) (GT) are controlled by genes in the I region of the mouse H-2 complex (1-3). Preimmunization of the mice bearing the H-2(p,q,s) nonresponder haplotypes with GAT stimulates the development of suppressor T cells that inhibit in vivo or in vitro antibody responses to GAT complexed to the immunogenic carrier, methylated bovine serum albumin (GAT-MBSA) (4). The copolymer GT is not immunogenic in any inbred mouse strain tested, and has a suppressive effect on the antibody responses to GT-MBSA in mouse strains bearing the H-2(d,f,k,s) haplotypes; suppressor T cells have been demonstrated to be responsible for specific GT suppression (3). We have obtained specific suppressive extracts from thymus and spleen cells of GAT-or GT-primed suppressor strains (5,6). The specific suppressive T-cell factors in the active extracts have been characterized (6,7) and appear similar to the carrier-specific suppressor factor described by Tada and Taniguchi (8). These products belong to a family of newly identified molecules coded for by the I region of the H-2 complex with affinity for antigen and helper (9,10) or suppressive (5-8) regulatory activity on the immune response. Recently, Tada et al. have reported that the keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH)-specific suppressor factor is coded for by the I-J subregion of the H-2 complex (11). We now demonstrate also that a GT-specific suppressor factor extracted from the spleens and thymuses of B10.BR (H-2(k)) mice bears determinants controlled by the I-J subregion of the H-2 complex.
Cardiac high-energy phosphates adapt faster than oxygen consumption to changes in heart rate.

To investigate the dynamic control of cardiac ATP synthesis, we simultaneously determined the time course of mitochondrial oxygen consumption with the time course of changes in high-energy phosphates following steps in cardiac energy demand. Isolated isovolumically contracting rabbit hearts were perfused with Tyrode's solution at 28 degrees C (n = 7) or at 37 degrees C (n = 7). Coronary arterial and venous oxygen tensions were monitored with fast-responding oxygen electrodes. A cyclic pacing protocol in which we applied 64 step changes between two different heart rates was used. This enabled nuclear magnetic resonance measurement of the phosphate metabolites with a time resolution of approximately 2 seconds. Oxygen consumption changed after heart-rate steps with time constants of 14 +/- 1 (mean +/- SEM) seconds at 28 degrees C and 11 +/- 1 seconds at 37 degrees C, which are already corrected for diffusion and vascular transport delays. Doubling of the heart rate resulted in a significant decrease in phosphocreatine (PCr) content (11% at 28 degrees C, 8% at 37 degrees C), which was matched by an increase in inorganic phosphate (P(i)) content, although oxygen supply was shown to be nonlimiting. The time constants for the change of both P(i) and PCr content, approximately 5 seconds at 28 degrees C and 2.5 seconds at 37 degrees C, are significantly smaller than the respective time constants for oxygen consumption. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)