Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Factors Affecting the Performance of Employees at Work Place in the Banking Sector of Pakistan

There are many variables that affect the performance of employees at work place. These variables include manager's attitude, organizational culture, personal problems, job content and financial rewards. All of these variables have positive impact on the performance of the employees except personal problems of the employees that hinders the performance of the employees. This study is quantitative in nature and will see the effect of these variables manager's attitude, organizational culture, personal problems, job content and financial rewards in the banking sector of Pakistan focusing Sahiwal banks as a sample based on 200 employees. The study will be analyzed by applying multiple regression analysis using SPSS software because there are 5 independent variables and their affects have to be seen on the performance of the employees which is the sole dependent variable. variable. The dependent variable is performance of The problem statement is about factors affecting the employees and independent variables are manager's performance of employees at work place in the scenario of attitude, organizational culture, personal problems and job Pakistan. This study will focus on the banking sector to content and financial rewards. This study is quantitative know about their performance and factors affecting them. in nature and data will be collected by questionnaire by The variables that are determined to affect the 200 employees from banking sector of Pakistan. For performance at work place include manager's attitude, analysis, this study will use SPSS software by the organizational culture, personal problems,and job content application of multiple regression analysis. This is the and financial rewards. These variables are described in relational study andmultiple regression analysis is used to different studies that affect the performance of employees determine the relations in such case. The results will be at work place. This study will find out the impact of drawn on the basis ofthe data collected and finding and manager's attitude, organizational culture, personal conclusion will be given. employees' performance in the banking sector of Pakistan.
Empirical model and analysis of mastery and performance‐approach goals: a developmental approach

This study used latent growth modelling (LGM) to explore the developmental course and longitudinal relationships between achievement goals (mastery and performance‐approach) and academic performance over a three‐year period (four time‐points of data collection). Three hundred and fifty‐two university students (152 women, 200 men) who first enrolled in 2006 took part in this study. Likert‐scale inventories were used to elicit relevant data from students. Academic performance was collated from students' course and final exam marks in two different undergraduate courses. LISREL 8.72 and SPSS 17 were used to test and evaluate the conceptual model proposed. Causal modelling analyses indicated the temporally displaced effects of mastery and performance‐approach goals on academic performance. The results indicated that individuals' mastery goals increased over time, whereas there was no increase in growth change with performance‐approach goals. Causal modelling also indicated: (1) performance‐approach goals → academic performance → mastery goals relationship and (2) mastery goals → academic performance → mastery goals relationship. Finally, the use of LGM provided a clearer perspective concerning the developmental trajectories of mastery goals over time.
Explaining Demise among Nonprofit Organizations

Explaining Demise Among Nonprofit Organizations reports on a study of closure of nonprofit organizations in the Minneapolis–St. Paul metropolitan area from 1980 to 1994. The theoretical literature focusing on the behavior of individual and populations of organizations suggests eight reasonably distinct theoretical explanations why nonprofit organizations close. These theories include the liabilities of newness and small size, the inability to reproduce commitment, intraorganizational conflict, inability to mobilize human resources, lack of legitimacy, inability to compete for scarce or depleted financial resources, lack of connections to other organizations, and the completion of the organization’s mission. Longitudinal data collected by Joseph Galaskiewicz on organizational characteristics provide the opportunity to determine which theories have the most fidelity in terms of explaining the closure of nonprofit organizations. Of a random sample of 229 public charities interviewed in 1980, 73 had exited the panel by the end of the study period in 1994. Of these, 37 closed their doors. This study focuses on those 37 organizations that closed. Several kinds of data contribute to a final accounting of which theories are supported in the sample studied. Exit interviews with representatives from 31 of the closed organizations yield factors that interviewees believe were most important in explaining the closure of their organizations. Formal analyses of the organizational narratives provide initial insights into the reasons that organizations closed. In addition, the dissertation presents an analysis of longitudinal survey data. Rather than analyzing cause on a case-by-case basis, this approach yields probabilistic explanations about the relationships between variables hypothesized to vary with organizational closure. Results from the various analyses show consistent support for the liabilities of small size and youth, as well as the liability of competing in a sparse resource niche. Analysis of the open
Discovery of two magnetic massive stars in the Orion Nebula Cluster: a clue to the origin of neutron star magnetic fields?

The origin of the magnetic fields in neutron stars, and the physical differences between magnetars and strongly magnetized radio pulsars are still under vigorous debate. It has been suggested that the properties of the progenitors of neutron stars (the massive OB stars), such as rotation, magnetic fields and mass, may play an important role in the outcome of core collapse leading to Type II supernovae. Therefore, knowing the magnetic properties of the progenitor OB stars would be an important asset for constraining models of stellar evolution leading to the birth of a neutron star. We present here the beginning of a broad study with the goal of characterizing the magnetic properties of main-sequence massive OB stars. We report the detection of two new massive magnetic stars in the Orion Nebula Cluster: Par 1772 (HD 36982) and NU Ori (HD 37061), for which the estimated dipole polar strengths, with 1σ error bars, are 1150 +320 −200 and 620 +220 −170 G, respectively.
Students Perspectives on Tracking and Detracking

Detracking has been described as an equityminded reform that attempts to level the playing field among students of different socio-economic, racial, and linguistic groups. Yet few people have talked to students about their perspectives regarding this reform, and the challenges students may face when schools reduce the number or levels of differentiated courses. In this article, the authors use student focus group data gathered at 12 schools implementing detracking reforms from 2000-2002 to explore how students make sense of tracking practices and equity-minded policies to reduce tracking at their schools. At the core of this sense-making process is the notion that students' understandings of meritocracy, intelligence, and stratification influence their perceptions of tracking and detracking practices. The authors also discuss how students' beliefs about such topics can inform educators' and policymakers' approaches to equity-minded reforms such as detracking.
Evaluation of a Novel Heminested PCR Assay Based on the Phosphoglucosamine Mutase Gene for Detection of Helicobacter pylori in Saliva and Dental Plaque

ABSTRACT A novel heminested PCR protocol was developed for the specific detection of Helicobacter pylori at low copy numbers. A set of primers specific for the phosphoglucosamine mutase gene (glmM) of H. pylori produced a 765-bp fragment that was used as template for the heminested primer pair delineating a 496-bp fragment. By using agarose gel electrophoresis for detection of the heminested PCR-amplified products, amplification of H. pylori genomic DNA was achieved at concentrations as low as 0.1 pg, equivalent to 5 × 102 bacteria. A study was subsequently undertaken to evaluate the heminested PCR for detection of H. pylori in dental plaque and saliva. Specimens collected from 58 individuals were cultured, and PCR was subsequently performed on the oral cultures. Identification of H. pylori in the same series of saliva and dental plaque specimens was carried out with PCR using a primer pair specific for the H. pylori urease B gene and by the heminested PCR assay. The identity of the amplified products was confirmed by DNA sequencing. Our results demonstrate that the heminested PCR assay was specific for detection of H. pylori, yielding no false-positive results, and that H. pylori had a low prevalence (approximately 3%) in specimens obtained from the oral cavity.
Job design for learning in work groups

Purpose – What is required of job design and production planning, if they are to result in a work group taking a self‐starting approach and going beyond what is formally required of it? This paper aims to contribute to group research by testing a theoretical model of relations between job design on the one hand (captured as completeness, demand on responsibility, demand on cooperation, cognitive demand, and learning opportunities), and reflexivity and learning processes within natural work groups in industry on the other hand.Design/methodology/approach – The results are based on detailed task analyses and questionnaires from 40 work groups at the shop‐floor level in manufacturing industry in Sweden.Findings – Job design and work routines show strong effects on reflexivity and learning processes. Four dimensions of job design – completeness, demand on cooperation, cognitive demand and learning opportunities – impact on reflexivity and learning processes. Job design correlates with social routines, and soc.
Rumination and Perceived Impairment Associated With Depressive Symptoms in a Verbal Adolescent–Adult ASD Sample

The aim of this study was to examine the association between depressive symptoms and several psychosocial constructs (insight into autism symptoms, rumination, desire for social interaction, and satisfaction with social support) that may play a role in the development or maintenance of depression in verbally fluent adolescents and adults with ASD. Participants included 50 individuals with ASD and verbal IQ ≥ 70, aged 16–35 (sample size varied by measure). Elevated depressive symptoms on the Beck Depression Inventory, 2nd edition (BDI‐II), were associated with greater self‐perceived, autism‐related impairments (n = 48), greater rumination (n = 21), and lower perceived social support (n = 37). Rumination tended to moderate the association between self‐perceived autism symptoms and BDI‐II scores (n = 21), and was significantly associated with ASD‐related insistence on sameness behaviors (n = 18). An unexpected relationship between depressive features and social participation and motivation will need to be clarified by longitudinal research. These and similar findings contribute to our understanding of the phenomenology of depression in ASD, which is critical to the development of practical prevention and treatment. Autism Res 2014, 7: 381–391. © 2014 International Society for Autism Research, Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Professions and the Pursuit of Transparency in Healthcare: Two Cases of Soft Autonomy

Contemporary professions are increasingly challenged to open up to scrutiny from the outside. Earlier research is focused on two main types of responses and consequences: colonization by a managerial logic of self-monitoring and decoupling of auditing and professional practice. This paper describes a different type of response which implies that professionals get actively involved in monitoring their own activities, without losing their professional autonomy. Two cases from Swedish healthcare were investigated: accreditation at a hospital laboratory and the national quality registries. In both cases, professional involvement took the form of translation and negotiation in expert networks, restrained by a certain resistance towards external monitoring, but driven by an interest in legitimizing and developing professional work. The resulting situation is characterized as a `soft autonomy' which combines professional internalization of originally non-professional auditing ideas with maintained professional control over evaluation criteria.
The learning life course of at ‘risk’ children aged 3-16: Perceptions of students and parents about ‘succeeding against the odds’.

Understanding how we can support children through their learning life course has become a policy imperative, particularly those children from poor homes who would normally be facing a low achiever trajectory. The paper reports on 50 in-depth Child and Family Case Studies (CFCS) that were conducted as part of the Effective Provision of Pre-School, Primary and Secondary Education (EPPSE 3-16) research project. The CFCS was designed as a mixed-methods study in order to look at why and when certain children manage to succeed ‘against the odds’ while others do not. Using in-depth interviews with students, parents and teachers, quantitative data available from EPPSE and a literature review on risk and resilience, the CFCS provides ‘thick descriptions’ and explanations of how child, family and school factors interact and contribute to children succeeding against the odds of disadvantage. The study uses over 13 years of data collected from the 50 families and shows that in families with children ‘succeeding against the odds’, parenting is characterised by ‘active cultivation’ and that schools, teachers, peers and the wider community contribute to children’s academic success by providing emotional, practical and relational support. As a result these children are facilitated and encouraged to develop a combination of positive cognitive and socio-behavioural characteristics that helps them become active agents in their learning life-course. The CFCS provide information that can be of use to both policymakers and practitioners. It has implications for parenting and home-school relations and may serve to inform policies and practices that aim to increase the chances of children ‘at risk' and help in closing the gap between those who are academically and socially advantaged and disadvantaged.
Renal Recovery after Severe Acute Renal Failure

Background There is limited information about renal recovery to independence from renal replacement therapy (RRT) and about factors associated with its occurrence after severe acute renal failure (ARF). Methods We conducted a population-based surveillance among all adult residents of the Calgary Health Region surviving ICU admission from May 1, 1999 to April 30, 2002. The primary objective was to determine the rate of and the factors associated with 90-day survival and recovery to independence from RRT in critically ill patients with severe ARF. Results At 90 days, 96 patients (40%) were alive. Of these, 72% were RRT independent with most (87%) requiring <4 weeks to recover. Prior to RRT, the median (IQR) serum creatinine and mean (SD) serum urea were 395 (252–517) μmol/L and 29.2 (18) mmol/L, respectively. Oliguria was present in 76%. Intermittent hemodialysis was the initial modality in 46% and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in 54%. By multivariate analysis, male sex (odds ratio (OR) 7.6, 95% CI, 2.2–27, p=0.01) and a diagnosis of septic shock (OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.02–14.5, p=0.05) were associated with an increased odds of recovery. Conversely, a higher Charlson co-morbidity index score (OR 0.71, 95% CI, 0.6–0.85, p=0.04) and a higher pre-RRT serum creatinine (OR 0.20, 95% CI, 0.05–0.80, p=0.02, p=0.02) were associated with reduced odds of recovery. Chronic kidney disease or the initial modality of RRT were not associated with recovery. Conclusions The majority of severe ARF patients who survive their acute illness are independent of RRT by 90 days. Male sex and a diagnosis of septic shock are independently associated with recovery while a greater co-morbidity score and a higher serum creatinine prior to RRT are predictive of non-recovery. (Int J Artif Organs 2006; 29: 1023–30)
Counteracting the Gap: Strategies for Teaching Media Competence

This article deals with the extent to which segments of society under-represented in the media are interested in producing their own radio programs. Results of a research project conducted in Germany concerned with stimulation of media competence among company employees with little formal education suggest that low participation in open-access community radio stations is not due to lack of interest, but to difficulties in achieving media access. Findings suggest further that these difficulties can be overcome through target-oriented media education. In this article the design and results of such an intervention are presented and discussed in the context of an action-oriented approach to social science research.
Attitudes and beliefs of trainee probation officers: A ‘new breed’?

As part of their attempts to re-package probation supervision as ‘punishment in the community’ and concerned with risk assessment and the protection of the public, recent Conservative and Labour governments abolished social work training for probation officers and, over the last 10 years have sought to recruit trainees from a wider base than previously and train them in these new objectives. This study looks at the attitudes of two cohorts of trainees over a range of issues and concludes that they may be more ‘traditional’ in terms of these attitudes than government may have wished.
Factor Structure of the Self-Construal Scale Revisited

The Self-Construal Scale (SCS) is an important measure of self-construal. However, new data are needed on the structure of the SCS using more appropriate statistical techniques and investigating the existence of multiple (i.e., more than two) factors. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of data from two groups of European American and Asian/Asian American college students reveal six factors underlying items on the SCS that seem to represent four specific aspects of Independence and two specific aspects of Interdependence. Results also provide initial support for the relative usefulness of these new factors in exploring between-groups differences. Implications for the conceptualization of self-construal and future research are discussed.
IRRATIONAL EXUBERANCE IN ONLINE INVESTING:AN EXAMINATION OF THE ROLE OF SELF-EFFICACYIN ONLINE INVESTOR OVERCONFIDENCE

Empirical evidence suggests that online investing can be hazardous to one's wealth. Through analyses of historical data acquired from a large online brokerage firm, Barber & Odean (2001) propose that a variety of forces lead to undesirable investment outcomes. Although these studies provide compelling correlational evidence linking factors such as overconfidence and attribution biases, little is understood about the causal agents underlying these relationships. The proposed program of study endeavors to fill this void. This research intends to build and test theory by utilizing a Web-based information system as a basis for controlled empirical study. The brokerage simulator, designed for versatility, allows researchers to reproduce realistic situations that online investors typically confront. By combining a socio-technical approach to theorization, a robust technology, and a free simulation experiment, causal influences can emerge that would otherwise remain undiscovered in archival data. With this understanding, we can better equip investors, prescribe technological designs to facilitate quality decision making, and influence public policy.
Peer-relationship difficulties in children with brain injuries: Comparisons with children in mental health services and healthy controls

Positive peer relationships are essential in healthy development. The prevalence of peer-relationship problems in children after acquired brain injury (ABI) has yet to be explored, although ABI does inevitably impact upon peer interactions. We aimed to explore how peer-relationships and emotional distress after ABI may differ from the levels reported by healthy children or mental health controls. Parents of 214 children (137 “healthy” children, 27 children using mental health services and 40 children with ABI) aged 9–15 years participated. A questionnaire measure of peer-relationship functioning and emotional distress was completed. Children with ABI experienced a greater degree of peer-relationship difficulties and emotional distress than healthy controls. No difference was found in reported peer relationship difficulties or emotional distress between ABI children and the children accessing mental health services. We conclude that emotional distress and co-occurring peer-relationship difficulties are as prevalent in a population of children after ABI as may be expected in a population of children under the care of mental health services, yet, unlike the latter group, appropriate intervention services are not commonly available. Interventions that aim to enhance peer relationships after childhood ABI may provide an essential resource to the benefit of outcome.
CT lung densitometry: dependence of CT number histograms on sample volume and consequences for scan protocol comparability.

PURPOSE Our goals were to determine the dependence of CT number histograms of the lung on section thickness and reconstruction filter and to evaluate the consequences for scan protocol conformity required for universally comparable densitometry of the lungs. METHOD The effects of section thickness and reconstruction filter were parameterized with the CT's sample volume [V approximately (section thickness x in-plane resolution2)]. In a study of 31 patients, we determined as a function of V the following CT number histogram parameters: percentiles P(10) and P(90), pixel indexes PI(-905) and PI(-950), and standard deviation. RESULTS Patient histogram parameters depended strongly on sample volume. Large differences were found between protocols using 1 and 10 mm sections. For small variations in somewhat larger sample volumes (> 8 mm3), discrepancies were much smaller. CONCLUSION To obtain comparable histogram parameters, nearly identical sample volumes (> or = 8 mm3) should be used. When this condition is satisfied, available data suggest that universally comparable densitometry is feasible.
The visual perception of objective motion and subjective movement. 1954.

The perception of motion in the visual field, when recognized as a psychological problem instead of something self-evident, is often taken to present the same kind of problem as the perception of color or of form. Movement is thought to be simply one of the characteristics of an object, and the only question is "how do we see it? " Actually, the problem cuts across many of the unanswered questions of psychology, including those concerned with behavior. It involves at least three separable, but closely related problems: How do we see the motion of an object? How do we see the stability of the environment? How do we perceive ourselves as moving in a stable environment?