Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Non-conventional Yeast Species for Lowering Ethanol Content of Wines

Rising sugar content in grape must, and the concomitant increase in alcohol levels in wine, are some of the main challenges affecting the winemaking industry nowadays. Among the several alternative solutions currently under study, the use of non-conventional yeasts during fermentation holds good promise for contributing to relieve this problem. Non-Saccharomyces wine yeast species comprise a high number or species, so encompassing a wider physiological diversity than Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Indeed, the current oenological interest of these microorganisms was initially triggered by their potential positive contribution to the sensorial complexity of quality wines, through the production of aroma and other sensory-active compounds. This diversity also involves ethanol yield on sugar, one of the most invariant metabolic traits of S. cerevisiae. This review gathers recent research on non-Saccharomyces yeasts, aiming to produce wines with lower alcohol content than those from pure Saccharomyces starters. Critical aspects discussed include the selection of suitable yeast strains (considering there is a noticeable intra-species diversity for ethanol yield, as shown for other fermentation traits), identification of key environmental parameters influencing ethanol yields (including the use of controlled oxygenation conditions), and managing mixed fermentations, by either the sequential or simultaneous inoculation of S. cerevisiae and non-Saccharomyces starter cultures. The feasibility, at the industrial level, of using non-Saccharomyces yeasts for reducing alcohol levels in wine will require an improved understanding of the metabolism of these alternative yeast species, as well as of the interactions between different yeast starters during the fermentation of grape must.
I'm a hypocrite, but so is everyone else: Group support and the reduction of cognitive dissonance

The impact of social support on dissonance arousal was investigated from a social identity view of dissonance theory. This perspective is seen as augmenting current conceptualizations of dissonance theory by predicting when normative information will impact on dissonance arousal and by indicating the availability of identity-related strategies of dissonance reduction. An experiment was conducted to induce feelings of hypocrisy under conditions of behavioral support or nonsupport. Group salience was either high or low, or individual identity was emphasized. As predicted, participants with no support from the salient in-group exhibited the greatest need to reduce dissonance through attitude change and reduced levels of group identification. Results were interpreted in terms of self being central to the arousal and reduction of dissonance.
Outcomes After Acute Myocardial Infarction in South Asian, Chinese, and White Patients

Background— Cardiac mortality rates vary substantially between countries and ethnic groups. It is unclear, however, whether South Asian, Chinese, and white populations have a variable prognosis after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). To clarify this association, we compared mortality, use of revascularization procedures, and risk of recurrent AMI and hospitalization for heart failure between these ethnic groups in a universal-access healthcare system. Methods and Results— We used a population cohort study design using hospital administrative data linked to cardiac procedure registries from British Columbia and the Calgary Health Region Area in Alberta (1994 to 2003) to identify AMI cases. Patient ethnicity was categorized using validated surname algorithms. There were 2190 South Asian, 946 Chinese, and 38479 white patients with AMI identified. There was no significant difference in use of revascularization procedures between ethnic groups at 30 d and 1 year. Short-term (30-day) mortality was higher among Chinese relative to white patients (odds ratio, 1.23; 95% confidence interval, 1.02 to 1.48). There was no significant difference in 30-day mortality between South Asian and white patients. South Asian patients had a 35% lower relative risk of long-term mortality compared with white patients (hazard ratio, 0.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.57 to 0.72). There was no significant difference in long-term mortality between Chinese and white patients. Among AMI survivors, Chinese patients had a lower risk of recurrent AMI, whereas there was no difference between South Asian and white patients. Conclusion— The ethnic groups studied have striking differences in outcomes after AMI, with South Asian patients having significantly lower long-term mortality after AMI.
New Therapeutic Approach: Diphenyl Diselenide Reduces Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Failure

The acute liver failure (ALF) induced by acetaminophen (APAP) is closely related to oxidative damage and depletion of hepatic glutathione, consequently changes in cell energy metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction have been observed after APAP overdose. Diphenyl diselenide [(PhSe)2], a simple organoselenium compound with antioxidant properties, previously demonstrated to confer hepatoprotection. However, little is known about the protective mechanism on mitochondria. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effects (PhSe)2 to reduce mitochondrial dysfunction and, secondly, compare in the liver homogenate the hepatoprotective effects of the (PhSe)2 to the N-acetylcysteine (NAC) during APAP-induced ALF to validate our model. Mice were injected intraperitoneal with APAP (600 mg/kg), (PhSe)2 (15.6 mg/kg), NAC (1200 mg/kg), APAP+(PhSe)2 or APAP+NAC, where the (PhSe)2 or NAC treatment were given 1 h following APAP. The liver was collected 4 h after overdose. The plasma alanine and aspartate aminotransferase activities increased after APAP administration. APAP caused a remarkable increase of oxidative stress markers (lipid peroxidation, reactive species and protein carbonylation) and decrease of the antioxidant defense in the liver homogenate and mitochondria. APAP caused a marked loss in the mitochondrial membrane potential, the mitochondrial ATPase activity, and the rate of mitochondrial oxygen consumption and increased the mitochondrial swelling. All these effects were significantly prevented by (PhSe)2. The effectiveness of (PhSe)2 was similar at a lower dose than NAC. In summary, (PhSe)2 provided a significant improvement to the mitochondrial redox homeostasis and the mitochondrial bioenergetics dysfunction caused by membrane permeability transition in the hepatotoxicity APAP-induced.
SFI++ I: A New I-Band Tully-Fisher Template, the Cluster Peculiar Velocity Dispersion, and H0

The SFI++ consists of ~5000 spiral galaxies that have measurements suitable for the application of the I-band Tully-Fisher (TF) relation. This sample builds on the SCI and SFI samples published in the 1990s but includes significant amounts of new data, as well as improved methods for parameter determination. We derive a new I-band TF relation from a subset of this sample, which consists of 807 galaxies in the fields of 31 nearby clusters and groups. This sample constitutes the largest ever available for the calibration of the TF template and extends the range of line widths over which the template is reliably measured. Careful accounting is made of observational and sample biases such as incompleteness, finite cluster size, galaxy morphology, and environment. We find evidence for a type-dependent TF slope that is shallower for early-type than for late-type spirals. The line-of-sight cluster peculiar velocity dispersion is measured for the sample of 31 clusters. This value is directly related to the spectrum of initial density fluctuations and thus provides an independent verification of the best-fit WMAP cosmology and an estimate of Ω0. 6σ8 = 0.52 ± 0.06. We also provide an independent measure of the TF zero point using 17 galaxies in the SFI++ sample for which Cepheid distances are available. In combination with the "basket-of-clusters" template relation these calibrator galaxies provide a measure of H0 = 74 ± 2 (random) ±6 (systematic) km s-1 Mpc-1.
Maize transposable elements.

Of the ten transposable element systems that have been genetically identified in maize (listed in 55), two have contributed most of the molecular data. These are the Enhancer (En) or Suppressor-mutator (Spm) system and the Activator (Ac) system. With a certain preference for En/Spm, these two systems are used as the principle examples to outline the current status in the molecular analysis of transposition
Assessment of odour annoyance in chemical emergency management

Bij chemische incidenten zal de blootgestelde bevolking de aanwezigheid van een ongebruikelijke geur vaak interpreteren als een mogelijk gezondheidsrisico. Dit rapport beschrijft een methode om de luchtconcentratie te schatten waarbij de blootgestelde bevolking zich bewust wordt van de aanwezigheid van een chemische stof door geur(hinder). Deze waarneming kan communicatie en andere maatregelen nodig maken, zelfs bij afwezigheid van relevante toxische risico's. De voorgestelde methode zal het begrip bij crisisbeheersers over onrust bij de getroffenen door geurwaarneming vergroten, en hen beter in staat stellen te beslissen wanneer welke crisisbeheersingsmaatregelen wenselijk zijn. De methode sluit aan bij consensus binnen het Acute Exposure Guideline Levels (AEGL) programma waarin is bepaald dat een concentratie waarbij 50% van een afgeleide incidenteel blootgestelde bevolking een 'duidelijke' geur waarneemt, dit beschouwd wordt als 'duidelijke geurwaarneming'. De luchtconcentratie waarbij dat optreedt heet 'Level of Distinct Odour Awareness (LOA)'. De LOA wordt in drie stappen bepaald: 1. Selecteer een goede geurdrempel, bijvoorbeeld via een van de aangegeven bronnen. 2. Bepaal een niveau van 'duidelijke' geurwaarneming. 3. Verdisconteer veldomstandigheden zoals leeftijd, verkoudheid en blootstellingspatroon. De LOA moet voor iedere stof apart worden afgeleid. De beschikbaarheid van goede informatie voor de stappen 1 en 2 blijkt in de praktijk beperkend te zijn; deze beperkingen zijn deels omzeild door gebruik van standaardwaarden.
Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 304 patients with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis in Anhui Province of East China, 2012–2015

Abstract Objective: To analyze the clinical and epidemiological features of patients with infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (IHPS) so as to provide scientific evidence for diagnosis and prevention of IHPS. Methods: We performed a retrospective study of infants with IHPS diagnosed from 2012 to 2015 at Anhui Provincial Children’s Hospital. Demographic characteristics and clinical data were collected. Results: Three hundred four patients (264 males and 40 females) were studied, of which 94.7% were full term and 75.7% were bottle fed or mixed fed; 16.8% of the patients had other congenital malformations in combination with IHPS. The proportion of IHPS cases with hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and hypochloremia was 18.4%, 12.5%, and 53.9%. A negative correlation was found between duration of disease and serum electrolytes. The mean pyloric muscle thickness, pyloric length, and diameter were 4.8 ± 0.7 mm, 19.4 ± 2.5 mm, and 13.3 ± 1.8 mm, respectively. There were significant differences in muscle thickness, pyloric length, and diameter between short (≤14 d) and long (>14 d) durations of disease. All patients underwent pyloromyotomy, and postoperative recovery was good. Conclusions: IHPS occurs mainly in male, full-term, bottle-fed or mixed-fed infants. Patients with long duration of disease were more likely to develop electrolyte disorder and thicker muscle layer. More attention should be paid to early discovery and diagnosis, which will help to improve the curative effect and prognosis of IHPS.
Biomass and Diversity of Soil Mite Functional Groups Respond to Extensification of Land Management, Potentially Affecting Soil Ecosystem Services

Soil mites (Acari) are ubiquitous in soil ecosystems and show a vast taxonomic diversity with a wide range of life history characteristics and feeding strategies. Various taxa contribute directly or indirectly to soil processes, including nutrient cycling, soil formation and pest control. Mites thus support important ecosystem services of soils. Yet, their community composition, and therewith service provisioning, may differ between for instance intensively managed agricultural soils and extensively managed grassland soils. We therefore hypothesized that successional changes in the abundance and diversity of soil mite functional groups (feeding types) will occur following a conversion of arable land to grassland, affecting their contribution to ecosystem services. To test this, we studied the succession of mite communities on two Long Term Observatories (LTOs) in Lusignan (France) and Veluwe (the Netherlands). At Lusignan, sampling involved four combinations of recent and historic land use types. At the Veluwe, samples were taken in a secondary succession chronosequence in grasslands, representing a time frame up to 29 years after the conversion from arable land to grassland. Biodiversity and biomass were higher in grassland than in arable land, especially for the total mite community, the predators and the main taxa aiding in decomposition. After conversion of grassland to arable land, or vice versa, both taxon richness and biomass rapidly developed towards the prevailing conditions. Our results indicated that the taxon richness and biomass of the total mite community in grassland still continued to increase up to 29 years after the conversion from arable land to grassland. Total taxon richness increased with time since conversion, which was mainly due to the immigration of decomposers and predators. The biomass of different feeding guilds increased at variable speeds. The observed changes imply an increase in nutrient cycling and in the suppression of some potential pests. We discuss the relevance of these ecosystem services in extensively managed grasslands and agricultural systems. Furthermore, our results suggest that in agricultural rotational schemes that include one or more years of grassland, mite communities and associated ecosystem services may be partially, but not completely, restored to the conditions of long term grassland.
Hospital Experience of an Avian Influenza a (H5N1) Outbreak in Turkey

This study reports the hospital experience of an avian influenza (H5N1) outbreak in Turkey. Out of a total of 602 cases, H5N1 infection was not suspected in 290, prophylactic therapy was given to 165 due to contact with poultry, and 147 were hospitalized, 10 of whom were confirmed as having H5N1 infection. Three peaks in the number of hospital applications were observed during the epidemic; all were related to particular items in the media. The proportion of confirmed H5N1 cases was 1.66% of all applications. The mean age was 10.4 years for confirmed cases and 16.3 years for both unconfirmed and confirmed H5N1 cases in contact with poultry. The mean hospitalization period was 5.0 and 12.2 days in suspected and confirmed cases, respectively. A total of 8 days of mechanical ventilator usage was required for the 10 confirmed cases. Four confirmed cases died during the outbreak. Efforts should be directed towards training health professionals, improving crisis management during an outbreak and, as children are prone to H5N1 infections, implementing school training programmes.
Managerial creative problem solving and the Big Five personality traits

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide new elements to understand, measure and predict managerial creativity. More specifically, based on new approaches to creative potential (Lubart et al., 2011), this study proposes to distinguish two aspects of managerial creative problem solving: divergent-exploratory thinking, in which managers try to generate several new solutions to a problem; and convergent-integrative thinking, in which managers select and elaborate one creative solution. Design/methodology/approach – In this study, personality is examined as a predictor of managerial creative problem solving: On one hand, based on previous research on general divergent thinking (e.g. Ma, 2009), it is hypothesized that managerial divergent thinking is predicted by high openness to experience and low agreeableness. On the other hand, because efficient people management involves generating satisfying and trustful social interactions, it is hypothesized that convergent-integrative thinking ability is pred.
Who Pays for Content? Funding in Interactive Media

This study presents four models of funding for content in computer-mediated communication (CMC). These models emerge from analysis of 395 sites on the World Wide Web (Web). Key factors underlying the models are interactivity, ideologies related to intellectual property, and audience size. Relationships between these factors and funding of sites were tested by examining data collected through both content analysis of Web sites and surveys of individuals who manage the creation of content at those sites. The data reported in this study indicate that multiple funding models can co-exist in the current CMC environment. These include content that supports organizational objectives in Sales and Promotion sites, pre-packed information and entertainment in Sponsored Content sites, a wealth of information in Public Information sites, and content provided by individuals and non-profit groups in Community Content sites. However, the future infrastructure of CMC may play a major role in the funding of content. If systems of the future significantly increase the cost of developing and/or receiving content, the diversity of CMC could be lost. Public Information and Community Content sites may become too costly to maintain and commercial voices may gain dominance in Sales and Promotion and Sponsored Content sites. Thus, responsible public decisions should be made in the public sphere about how future CMC infrastructures are to be financed.
Intuition as a Healing Modality: Historical and Contemporary Perspectives

This article examines intuition as an archetypal, cultural-spiritual healing modality. It builds on the notion of intuition as a reality founded on the archetypal calling to become a healer. Consideration is given to a variety of intuition traditions as well as contemporary understandings of intuition based on natural scientific evidence. Intuition needs to be understood within the context of practice for appropriate use.
Severe Acute Pancreatitis – Outcome following a Primarily Non-Surgical Regime

Background/Aims: Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is associated with a high morbidity and mortality. The aim was to evaluate treatment, risk factors and outcome in SAP in a centre with a restrictive attitude to surgery. Methods: All cases of acute pancreatitis admitted 1994–2003 were analysed retrospectively. SAP was defined as organ failure and/or hospital stay >7 days together with one or more of: C-reactive protein >150 mg/l within 72 h after admission, necrosis on computed tomography and need for treatment in the intensive care unit. Results: 185 (22%) of patients with acute pancreatitis fulfilled the criteria for SAP. 175 patients were included, mean age 61 ± 17 years. Hospital stay was in median 13 days. Forty-six patients had some surgical intervention, in 14 cases directed at the pancreas (8%). Hospital mortality was 9% (n = 16), in 88% (n = 14) associated with multiple organ dysfunction and 50% (n = 8) of the deaths occurred within the first week after admission. Of the parameters registered on admission, age and hypotension (systolic blood pressure <100 mm Hg) were identified as risk factors for death. Conclusion: The present treatment regime for SAP as defined above resulted in a 9% mortality rate, with age and hypotension at admission as predictive factors for death.
Through-silicon-via management during 3D physical design: When to add and how many?

In 3D integrated circuits through silicon vias (TSVs) are used to connect different dies stacked on top of each other. These TSV occupy silicon area and have significantly larger area than regular gates. In this paper, we address two critical aspects of TSV management in 3D designs. First, we address the problem of how many TSVs to add in a design. Since TSVs occupy significant silicon area, a general tendency has been to use a minimum number of TSVs in 3D circuits. We show that such an approach does not give us the best possible result. Second, we address the problem of TSV insertion. Because TSVs occupy silicon area, their location is decided during the placement stage of 3D design. However, we show that this is not the best possible stage for TSV insertion. We propose a change in the physical design flow for 3D integrated circuits to address the limitations of existing TSV placement methodology. All our algorithms are integrated with commercial tools, and our results are validated based on actual GDSII layouts. Our experimental results show the effectiveness of our methods.
Relationship Between Teachers Teaching Styles And Students Interest Towards Integrated Living Skills Subjects In Schools

The focus of this study is to determine the relationship of teacher's teaching styles (expert, formal authority, personal model, delegation, and facilitator) towards student's interests in Integrated Living Skills (ILS) subjects. The research is designed to explore the common teaching styles applied by ILS teachers in schools and identify the relationship between teaching styles and the interest it generates towards students in the ILS subjects. Furthermore, the study will also focus on the cluster teaching styles which the students preferred. The study involved 240 students of Form 3 in Lower Secondary School of Puchong Perdana as samples. The instruments used are questionnaires of Grasha-Riechman Teaching Styles Inventory and all the data is processed utilizing SPSS software program to get the frequencies, percentage, mean scores and Pearson product moment correlation. Results show that there is a form of positive relationship between the teaching methods applied and the interest of students in ILS subjects. Several recommendations are made based on the findings of the study.
The "Language instinct" debate

When it was first published in 1997, Geoffrey Sampson's Educating Eve was described as the definitive response to Steven Pinker's The Language Instinct and Noam Chomsky's nativism. In this revised and expanded new edition, Sampson revisits his original arguments in the light of fresh evidence that has emerged since the original publication. Since Chomsky revolutionized the study of language in the 1960s, it has increasingly come to be accepted that language and other knowledge structures are hard-wired in our genes. According to this view, human beings are born with a rich structure of cognition already in place. But people do not realize how thin the evidence for that idea is. The 'Language Instinct' Debate examines the various arguments for instinctive knowledge, and finds that each one rests on false premisses or embodies logical fallacies. The structures of language are shown to be purely cultural creations. With a new chapter entitled 'How People Really Speak' which uses corpus data to analyse how language is used in spontaneous English conversation, responses to critics, extensive revisions throughout, and a new preface by Paul Postal of New York University, this new edition will be an essential purchase for students, academics, and general readers interested in the debate about the 'language instinct'.