Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Neurogenic bladder following myelopathies: Has it any correlation with neurological and functional recovery?

Objectives: To observe neurogenic bladder pattern in patients with myelopathy by performing urodynamic study (UDS) and to observe whether it has any correlation with functional and neurological recovery. Patients and Methods: This prospective study was conducted with 90 patients with myelopathy, both traumatic and non-traumatic (males = 65) in a university tertiary research hospital in India between January 2011 and December 2013. Mean age was 33.5 ± 13.2 years (range 15-65 years), mean duration of injury was 82.63 ± 88.3 days (range 14-365 days) and mean length of stay (LOS) in the rehabilitation unit 42.5 ± 23.3 days (range 14-130 days). The urodynamic study was performed in all the patients to assess the neurogenic bladder pattern. Management was based on the UDS findings. Functional recovery was assessed using Barthel index (BI) scores and spinal cord independence measures (SCIM) scores. Neurological recovery was assessed using ASIA impairment scale (AIS). We tried to correlate neurogenic bladder patterns with recovery. Results: Fifty patients (55.6%) had overactive detrusor with 25 each had detrusor sphincter dyssynergia (DSD) and synergic sphincter. Thirty-eight patients had hypoactive/acontractile detrusor and two had normal studies. No significant correlation observed between neurogenic bladder pattern and change in BI scores (P = 0.696), SCIM scores (P = 0.135) or change in ASIA status (P = 0.841) in the study. Conclusions: More than half of the patients with myelopathies had overactive detrusor with or without dyssynergic sphincter according to the urodynamic study. Neurogenic bladder patterns had no significant correlation with functional and neurological recovery in these patients.
Implementation eines Programms zur Vermittlung von Lesestrategien im Deutschunterricht: Die Rolle der Lehrenden

Zusammenfassung: Es wurde gepruft, in welchem Mase Lehrermerkmale die Wirksamkeit eines neu entwickelten Unterrichtsprogramms beeinflussen. Dazu wurde in 17 funften Klassen (n = 509 Schulerinnen und Schuler) ein Programm zur Forderung der Lesekompetenz im Deutschunterricht durchgefuhrt. Als programmnahe Einflussfaktoren wurden Vollstandigkeit der Programmdurchfuhrung, inhaltliche Nahe des Unterrichts zum Programm und Flexibilitat der Durchfuhrung herangezogen. Als allgemeine Merkmale der Unterrichtsqualitat wurden Klassenfuhrung, Strukturierung, fachliche Unterstutzung, soziales Klima und die Motivierungsqualitat erhoben. Zusatzlich wurden handlungsleitende Uberzeugungen in Bezug auf das Unterrichten im Fach Deutsch erfragt. Kriterium fur den Lernerfolg der Schulerinnen und Schuler war das Wissen uber Lesestrategien nach der Programmdurchfuhrung. Es zeigte sich, dass die Lernfortschritte der Schulerinnen und Schuler masgeblich von der Motivierungsqualitat des Unterrichts abhangen. Positiv auf den Lernerfo.
Sex, Gender and Cultural Intelligence in the Canadian Forces

Cultural awareness, along with the capacity to effectively develop and apply cultural knowledge, has become critical for military leaders. Based on a multi-dimensional model of cultural intelligence and a review of selected aspects of the Canadian Forces' (CF) experience with gender integration, this paper highlights implications for the development of culturally intelligent military leaders and teams. The gendered evolution of the CF in recent decades has been critical in preparing the CF for the complexity of challenges that it faces today. In spite of progress, significant resistance to expanded roles for women has been based upon the assumption that gender is a dichotomous biologically determined construct. On the other hand, the institutional discourse that has developed in the face of legal imperatives permitting women to join the combat arms since 1989 claims that the CF is gender neutral. The analysis presented in this paper suggests that such limited constructs of gender act to reduce the capacity of the CF to develop cultural intelligence, a critical contributor to mission success, among male and female members.
Beyond Intention to Treat Analysis in Welfare-to-Work Studies

Abstract Using a sample of 2072 women who participated in New Jersey's Family Development Program experiment during 1992–1996, we compare three welfare-to-work strategieslabor force attachment (LFA), human capital investment (HCI), and a mixed strategyemploying traditional effectiveness analysis within an experimental design and an efficacy approach which controls for selective participation by experimental and control subjects. Controlling for selective participation, we find that each year of participation in LFA increases the probability of employment by about 3 percent. In our earnings analyses we find that HCI participants earn about $163 less per year of exposure to this strategy.
Angiographic follow-up of traumatic carotid cavernous fistulas treated with endovascular stent graft placement.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Endovascular treatment (EVT) of carotid cavernous fistulas (CCFs) is based on various techniques, mainly those using detachable balloons. Coronary covered stent grafts have been sporadically used in the intracranial arteries and only 2 traumatic CCFs have been reported in the literature; moreover, there is poor information about the long-term follow-up. We present 8 cases of CCFs treated by the placement of a covered stent, 5 of which have a 1-year clinical and angiographic follow-up. METHODS Eight patients with posttraumatic CCF were treated by positioning a covered stent in the intracranial internal carotid artery (ICA) to occlude the fistula. They received periodic clinical and angiographic follow-up to evaluate the patency and the stability of clinical results. RESULTS In all cases, the symptoms related to the CCF regressed after treatment and did not recur in the follow-up. Two patients presented residual filling of the CCF at the end of the procedure. The angiographic follow-up revealed in 6 patients of 7 a good patency of the ICA; in 1 patient, there was an ICA asymptomatic occlusion. One patient required transvenous coil occlusion of the cavernous sinus. CONCLUSION When standard treatments fail, covered stent grafts can be used as a valid alternative in the treatment of CCFs, but more data are needed, especially in the long-term follow-up.
SoberDiary: a phone-based support system for assisting recovery from alcohol dependence

Alcohol dependence is a chronic disorder associated with severe harm in multiple areas, and relapsing is easy despite treatment. After alcohol-dependent patients complete alcohol withdrawal treatment and return to their regular lives, they face further challenges in order to maintain sobriety. This study proposes SoberDiary, a phone-based support system that enables alcohol-dependent patients to self-monitor and self-manage their own alcohol use behavior and remain sober in their daily lives. Results from a 4-week user study involving 11 clinical patients show that, using SoberDiary, patients can self-monitor and self-manage their alcohol use behavior, reducing their total alcohol consumption and the number of drinking or heavy drinking days that occur following intervention.
Genetic control of cancer metastasis.

Cancer is a complex of many types of malignant neoplastic growths, and each cancer of each organ exhibits numerous subsets. Despite this heterogeneity, malignant neoplasms have a uniform characteristic—the ability to invade host tissues and produce metastases. The most fearsome aspect of cancer is metastasis. This fear is well based. There have been great improvements in diagnosis, general patient care, surgical techniques, and local and systemic adjuvant therapies, but most deaths from cancer are still due to metastases that are resistant to conventional therapies. Continual empiricism is unlikely to produce significant improvement. Rather, a better understanding of the metastatic process and the development of biologic heterogeneity in neoplasms should provide a basis for new approaches to more effective therapy. Identification of specific properties unique to metastatic cells is an obvious prerequisite.
The Influence of Voice Leading on Harmonic Priming

The present study investigates the potential influence of voice leading on harmonic priming effects. Eight-chord sequences were presented to the participants, who had to perform a fast reaction task on a target chord ending the sequences. The target chord acted either as a tonic chord or as a subdominant chord. On the basis of previous findings, we expected more accurate and faster responses on tonic target chords. The critical new point of this study was to assess whether the size of this priming effect would be affected by good versus bad voice leading. In half of the trials, the writing of the sequences respected the rules of voice leading (normal voice lead- ing), whereas in the other half it did not (parallel voice leading). The crit- ical result was a significant main effect of voice leading on participants' performances (with faster responses for normal voice leading), which did not, however, affect the strength of the harmonic priming effects.
Evidence-based analysis of amiodarone efficacy and safety.

Amiodarone was initially developed 3 decades ago for angina. On the basis of the number of prescriptions filled in retail pharmacies, amiodarone was the most-often-prescribed antiarrhythmic agent, accounting for 24.1% of the total antiarrhythmic prescriptions in 1998. Amiodarone accounted for 34.5% of prescriptions in Europe, 32.8% in North America, 73.8% in Latin America, and 0.3% in Japan and the Philippines. Amiodarone use has increased globally in 1998 at a rate greater than that of the whole antiarrhythmic market, with striking growth in North America, a 20.0% increase from 1997 to 1998 (according to International Medical Statistics, Medical Data Index, and Scott Levin drug and diagnosis audit, obtained with the assistance of J. Jones, Sanofi Pharma Inc, Paris, France). Amiodarone is used to manage virtually all forms of supraventricular and ventricular tachycardia. This review focuses on the arrhythmias most commonly requiring antiarrhythmic therapy—sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), ventricular fibrillation (VF), and atrial fibrillation (AF)—because they are the most clinically significant and have been the focus of most studies published. This review will analyze the evidence that amiodarone is a safe and effective antiarrhythmic drug. To exploit the antiarrhythmic properties of amiodarone fully, the clinician needs to be familiar with its pharmacokinetics, because they differ markedly from those of other cardiac drugs. Amiodarone is markedly lipophilic, which may account for some of its unusual pharmacokinetic features.1 It is incompletely absorbed (35% to 65%) after oral administration.2 3 4 It is taken up very extensively by tissue, with marked interindividual variation.5 Estimates of the elimination half-life of amiodarone vary, depending on how it has been measured. The relatively short half-life for disappearance of amiodarone from plasma after intravenous administration is likely a measure of drug redistribution from vascular space into tissue and not true body elimination.6 After long-term oral therapy, …
The Development of Preservice Chemistry Teachers' Pedagogical Content Knowledge

This study investigated the development of pedagogical content knowledge (PCK) within a group of 12 preservice chemistry teachers (all M.Sc.) during the first semester of their one-year post-graduate teacher education program. The study focused on PCK with respect to a central issue in science teaching, that is, the relation between observable phenomena, like chemical reactions, and macroscopic properties (e.g., boiling point, solubility) on the one hand, and their interpretation in terms of corpuscular characteristics on the other hand (macro–micro). For secondary school students, shifting mentally between the macro and micro levels is usually problematic, whereas their teachers are often unaware of students' learning difficulties in this domain. The collection of data involved two written questionnaires, interviews with each preservice teacher and their respective mentors, and an audio recording of a specific workshop session in the teacher education program. Results indicated a growing awareness among the preservice teachers concerning the need, in teaching situations, to explicitly relate the macro and micro levels to each other. Moreover, the importance of the careful and consistent use of language was noticed by many preservice teachers. The growth of PCK was influenced mostly by the preservice teachers' teaching experiences. Also, the workshop contributed substantially. Finally, for some preservice teachers, their mentors had influenced the growth of PCK. Implications for science teacher education are discussed. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Sci Ed86:572–590, 2002; Published online in Wiley Interscience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/sce.10010
The Role of the Group in Acquiring Self-Defense Skills

Using an interpretive approach to qualitative data analysis, the authors examined the importance of the group in women’s acquisition of skills during a Model Mugging (MM) self-defense course. Data were gathered during semistructured interviews with 59 female MM graduates. Interviews were analyzed using a consensus coding technique. Results indicated that the group context was instrumental in helping women to acquire self-defense skills and develop feelings of empowerment. Aspects of the group experience that were critical to course effectiveness included cohesiveness, altruism, emotional containment, witnessing, modeling, exploration of boundaries, and new relationships with other women. By integrating participants’ observations with theoretical and empirical reports of small group dynamics, these findings enable group leaders to monitor the functioning of small groups more sensitively and accurately.
The Minimum Entropy Mapping Spectrum of a DNA Sequence

Periodicities in a DNA sequence contain information about its function and structure. Frequency analysis can be used to reveal such periodicities. A definition of spectrum for DNA sequences is proposed, based on an entropy minimization criterion. It is shown that the properties of the proposed spectrum are those expected from the spectrum of a symbolic sequence. Applications to simulated and experimental DNA sequences are presented and compared against classical techniques to prove the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Unsupervised Sentence Enhancement for Automatic Summarization

We present sentence enhancement as a novel technique for text-to-text generation in abstractive summarization. Compared to extraction or previous approaches to sentence fusion, sentence enhancement increases the range of possible summary sentences by allowing the combination of dependency subtrees from any sentence from the source text. Our experiments indicate that our approach yields summary sentences that are competitive with a sentence fusion baseline in terms of content quality, but better in terms of grammaticality, and that the benefit of sentence enhancement relies crucially on an event coreference resolution algorithm using distributional semantics. We also consider how text-to-text generation approaches to summarization can be extended beyond the source text by examining how human summary writers incorporate source-text-external elements into their summary sentences.
Professionalism and the post‐performative teacher: new teachers reflect on autonomy and accountability in the English school system

This paper explores the impact of the increasingly performative nature of the assessment of teachers’ performance in England leading to the introduction of Professional Standards for Teachers in 2007. It reports the findings of a small‐scale study of newly‐qualified primary school teachers in the context of literature on teacher identity, performativity and professional development. It suggests the possible emergence of a ‘post‐performative’ identity; a generation of teachers whose experience as pupils has been of an increasingly performative schooling system. These post‐performative teachers cannot be categorised as either ‘compliant’ or ‘resistant’ to the demands of performative management systems and government initiatives. They are still largely motivated by affective rewards, but have clear career ambitions; they are aware of the potential conflicts between the demands of accountability and the desire for autonomy, but are generally comfortable with the balance they feel able to strike between these. This paper reflects on the views of these teachers in the light of further developments in master’s‐level qualifications and their possible impact on the shape of professionalism and professional development.
The Impact of Mobile Crisis Services on the Use of Community-Based Mental Health Services

Objective: To examine the impact of community-based mobile crisis services on postcrisis community-based mental health service use and user characteristics related to likelihood of postcrisis service use. Method: Differences in use of postcrisis mental health services and timing between a community-based intervention cohort and a matched hospital-based cohort were assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model. Results: A mobile crisis intervention consumer was 17% more likely to receive community-based mental health services within 90 days after the crisis event. Controlling for prior service use, mobile crisis intervention consumers with no prior mental health service use were 48% more likely to receive community-based mental health services within 90 days after the crisis event than a consumer from the hospital-based intervention cohort. Consumers more likely to use postcrisis services were African American, homeless, experiencing acute problems, previous mental health service users, and severely mentally disabled. Conclusions: Implications for social work practice are discussed.
Distance sets for shape filters and shape recognition

We introduce a novel rich local descriptor of an image point, we call the (labeled) distance set, which is determined by the spatial arrangement of image features around that point. We describe a two-dimensional (2D) visual object by the set of (labeled) distance sets associated with the feature points of that object. Based on a dissimilarity measure between (labeled) distance sets and a dissimilarity measure between sets of (labeled) distance sets, we address two problems that are often encountered in object recognition: object segmentation, for which we formulate a distance sets shape filter, and shape matching. The use of the shape filter is illustrated on printed and handwritten character recognition and detection of traffic signs in complex scenes. The shape comparison procedure is illustrated on handwritten character classification, COIL-20 database object recognition and MPEG-7 silhouette database retrieval.
Measuring the Impact of Organizational Social Web Site Usage on Work Performance: A Multilevel Model

This paper describes the development of a multilevel model for investigating the impact of organizational social web site (SWS) usage on individual and team performance. Despite the SWS focus on collective phenomena such as crowd sourcing and collective intelligence previous research on SWS usage in general does not investigate it as a multilevel phenomenon. Our paper addresses this gap by drawing on existing guidelines for multilevel theorizing. We thus propose that SWS usage impacts individual and team performance through its improved collaboration capabilities. Organizational learning and social capital theories serve as the theoretical foundation. Ultimately, we present a multilevel model as the foundation for future empirical research on SWS usage's impact on individual and team performance. Our research's contribution lies in the theoretical derivation of a multilevel model.
Breaking the routine: Assessing the effectiveness of a multi-neighborhood anticrime initiative through qualitative interviewing

This paper reports on the evaluation of a key component of the comprehensive anticrime initiative currently undertaken in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The Community Partners Program is the programmatic approach designed by the HIDTA/Safe and Sound Initiative to deal with crime and disorder in twenty of the highest crime, lowest income areas of the city. Quantitative data collection constraints favored the use of qualitative research for assessing the efficacy of the Community Partners' strategy in achieving desired results. Focus group interviewing, in particular, proved to be an effective method for conducting process-focused criminal justice evaluation research. Through systematic analysis of transcribed focus group interviews, the researcher was able to identify significant trends and patterns in the way participating residents related to the block-by-block organizing efforts and other crime prevention activities of the Community Partners. The evaluation indicates tangible benefits that neighborhood residents attribute to the program, the activities implemented, and the changes desired and achieved.
Comparison of the effects that two different respiratory physical therapy techniques have on cardiorespiratory parameters in infants with acute viral bronchiolitis.

OBJECTIVE To compare the expiratory flow increase technique (EFIT) and vibration accompanied by postural drainage (PD) in terms of their effects on the heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR) and SpO(2) of infants with acute viral bronchiolitis (AVB). METHODS Infants with clinical and radiological diagnosis of AVB were analyzed. The HR, RR and SpO(2) were registered at four time points: prior to the procedure; and at 10, 30 and 60 min after the procedure. The patients were divided into three groups: submitted to the EFIT; submitted to vibration/PD; and control. RESULTS We included 81 infants, 27 per group, with a mean age of 4.52 years and a mean weight of 6.56 kg. Using ANOVA, we found that the EFIT and vibration/PD groups presented no significant differences in relation to the control group in terms of the mean values for HR, RR or SpO(2) (p > 0.05). Considering only the four time points evaluated, the mean RR was significantly lower in the EFIT and vibration/PD groups than in the control group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS In terms of overall improvement of cardiorespiratory parameters, neither the EFIT nor vibration/PD provided any benefit to infants with BVA. However, over time, respiratory physical therapy seems to contribute to decreasing the RR in these patients.