Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sources and atmospheric processing of organic aerosol in the Mediterranean: insights from aerosol mass spectrometer factor analysis

Abstract. Atmospheric particles were measured in the late winter (25 February–26 March 2009) at a remote coastal site on the island of Crete, Greece during the Finokalia Aerosol Measurement Experiment-2009. A quadrupole aerosol mass spectrometer (Q-AMS) was employed to quantify the size-resolved chemical composition of non-refractory submicron aerosol, and a thermodenuder was used to analyze the organic aerosol (OA) volatility. Complementary measurements included particle size distributions from a scanning mobility particle sizer, inorganic and organic particle composition from filter analysis, air ion concentrations, O 3 , NO x and NO y concentrations, and meteorological measurements. Factor analysis was performed on the OA mass spectra, and the variability in OA composition could best be explained with three OA components. The oxygenated organic aerosol (OOA) was similar in composition and volatility to the summertime OA previously measured at this site and may represent an effective endpoint in particle-phase oxidation of organics. The two other OA components, one associated with amines (Amine-OA) and the other probably associated with the burning of olive branches (OB-OA), had very low volatility but were less oxygenated. Hydrocarbon-like organic aerosol (HOA) was not detected. The absence of OB-OA and Amine-OA in the summer data may be due to lower emissions and/or photochemical conversion of these components to OOA.
Sexual Assault and Body Esteem

Past studies indicate that sexual assault is negatively associated with victims' general self-esteem, but little is known about how the experience affects body esteem. We hypothesized that sexual assault would have a long-term negative association with measures of both general self-esteem and body esteem. Participants were 76 women, ages 18 to 45 years, 13 of whom had been sexually assaulted at least one year previously. Analysis supported the hypothesis that the sexually assaulted women scored lower than nonassaulted women on Rosenberg's Self-esteem Scale but not on the Body Esteem Scale. When individual body-attitude items were analyzed, the assaulted women's negative ratings of sexual activities fell just short of significance, so further and longitudinal study of a larger group is needed.
Class and Culture: Sources of Confusion in Educational Sociology.

This paper reiterates the centrality of economics (relations of production) in Marxist models of class, while avoiding the crude determinism which results from a neglect of cultural aspects of class formation. It explores the confusion in education and educational sociology arising from non-Marxist conceptions of class which place an exaggerated emphasis on cultural difference and see it as the determining factor. The paper explores some of the implications of non-Marxist models, including Bourdieu, for educational theory and practice. Critique is directed at the designation of different groups of workers as separate and mutually antagonistic ‘working’ and ‘middle’ classes and the deficit construction of workers thrust into poverty as an ‘underclass’ which is reproduced not by economic forces but by cultural habitus.
Applying Conditional Random Fields to Japanese Morphological Analysis

This paper presents Japanese morphological analysis based on conditional random fields (CRFs). Previous work in CRFs assumed that observation sequence (word) boundaries were fixed. However, word boundaries are not clear in Japanese, and hence a straightforward application of CRFs is not possible. We show how CRFs can be applied to situations where word boundary ambiguity exists. CRFs offer a solution to the long-standing problems in corpus-based or statistical Japanese morphological analysis. First, flexible feature designs for hierarchical tagsets become possible. Second, influences of label and length bias are minimized. We experiment CRFs on the standard testbed corpus used for Japanese morphological analysis, and evaluate our results using the same experimental dataset as the HMMs and MEMMs previously reported in this task. Our results confirm that CRFs not only solve the long-standing problems but also improve the performance over HMMs and MEMMs.
Socio-demographics, sexual behaviours, and use of HIV prevention services among men who have sex with men and women in Western China

This paper looks into the differences of sexual risk behaviours and prevention services among men who have sex with men and women and men who have sex with men only. The data from a cross-sectional survey of 159 men who have sex with men and women and 1186 men who have sex with men only in western China is analysed. It is found that men who have sex with men and women, with multiple anal sex partners, have higher rates of selling and buying sex than men who have sex with men only, but obtain less HIV-related knowledge from partners or HIV consulting and testing services. More efforts should be made to promote safer sexual behaviours and reduce the barriers for access to health services.
Effects of Garlic (Allium sativum) on Some Antioxidant Activities in Tilapia Nilotica (Oreochromis niloticus)

This study was carried out to show the effects garlic (Allium sativum) on antioxidant system in Tilapia nilotica (Oreochromis niloticus). A total number of 120 fish (20-21g in weight) was used. Fish were divided into four groups fed on diets containing garlic in different forms; natural garlic (40g/kg diet), garlic oil capsules (Strongus®, pure garlic oil capsules; 250 mg/kg diet) and garlic powder tablets (32 g/kg diet), with three replicates for each treatment. Treatment groups had a different sources of garlic added to their diets; the control group diet was free from garlic. The experiment extended for three months. The results showed that, weight gain and growth performance of O. niloticus significantly (P<0.01) increased in all groups fed on garlic with lower mortality rate than the control group. Glutathione peoxidase (Gper), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) increased significantly (P<0.01) as compared to the control group. Malonyldialdehyde (MDA). Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) activities in plasma decreased significantly(P<0.01) in all treated groups of garlic. Total protein in blood serum significantly increased (P<0.01) in the groups fed on garlic, while blood glucose, triglycerides and cholesterol levels were significantly decreased (P<0.01) in the same treated groups. In conclusion, it can be suggested that, addition of garlic in any form to fish diet can promote growth rate, decrease mortality rate and increase the antioxidant activity in fish.
Comparing Persistence of Upward Transfer and Native Students Pursuing a Bachelor's Degree

This study, which was conducted at a rural, Midwestern, four-year, public institution, compared the predicted persistence and factors of persistence of successful upward transfer students, transfer students who started at a community college and then transferred to the four-year institution, and native students, students who start at a fouryear institution. To be considered for participation in the study, subjects had to have at least one successful semester at the research site. A quantitative study was designed using Davidson, Beck, and Milligan's (2009) questionnaire which measures predicted persistence as well as ten factors of persistence, such as social integration and academic integration. Results of the study indicated that overall, successful upward transfer students were equally as likely to persist when compared to native students; however when looking at the factors of persistence, upward transfer students were more likely to be academically integrated into the institution than native students and native students were more likely to be socially integrated into the institution when compared to upward transfer students. Further investigation of the impact of associate' s degrees revealed that there was no difference in the overall persistence of upward transfer students with and without associate's degrees. Recommendations were given to student affairs professionals to rethink ways to socially integrate upward transfer students.
Ion Regulation in Invertebrates: Molecular and Integrative Aspects*

The subject of ion regulation in invertebrates is discussed, using a variety of invertebrate model species and approaches that range from the whole‐organism level to tissue, subcellular, and molecular levels to illustrate the future direction of the field. These organisms inhabit a variety of aquatic, freshwater, and terrestrial environments, showing specific adaptations to each environment. This overview discusses mechanisms of metal detoxification and the presence of Cl‐ATPase in marine organisms to avoid excess intracellular Cl−; Ca2+ regulation and endocrine aspects of adaptations to transitional (semiterrestrial) environments; adaptations to Ca2+‐poor freshwater, particularly the reabsorption of Ca2+ through specific transporters found in the urine; and finally, ionoregulatory mechanisms for life on land, such as Ca2+ conservation during molting in isopods and the presence of K+ channels in insect Malpighian tubules. Convergent mechanisms for dealing with similar problems in dissimilar habitats are discussed, taking into consideration that invertebrates will continue to serve as model systems for the evolution of ionoregulation in different habitats.
Formation tracking control of nonholonomic chained form systems

Formation tracking control problem for multiple nonholonomic chained form systems are considered in this paper. In the framework of virtual structure, the formation keeping problem between chained-form agents are treated as tracking problem between the virtual agent and the actual agent. Theories from nonautonomous cascaded systems are introduced to simplify the design of formation controllers after carefully studying the structure of the error dynamic systems and global exponential controllers are constructed for the the above cooperative control problems in the end. Simulation results using Matlab show the feasibility of solving the formation tracking problems using methodology presented in this paper.
QFT robust control of a Vega-type space launcher

This paper deals with the position and attitude control of a Vega-type space launcher. The first part of the paper develops a general model of the launcher that takes into account the gravity, air density and mass variation. It also derives a linear model with uncertainty for the dominant dynamics, taking the nonlinear characteristics of the system as parametric uncertainty. The second part introduces the design of a set of robust QFT controllers to govern the pitch and yaw angles and the z coordinate. Finally, the system is validated by means of an intense campaign of simulations.
Nucleocytoplasmic shuttling and mCRY‐dependent inhibition of ubiquitylation of the mPER2 clock protein

The core oscillator generating circadian rhythms in eukaryotes is composed of transcription–translation‐based autoregulatory feedback loops in which clock gene products negatively affect their own expression. A key step in this mechanism involves the periodic nuclear accumulation of clock proteins following their mRNA rhythms after ∼6 h delay. Nuclear accumulation of mPER2 is promoted by mCRY proteins. Here, using COS7 cells and mCry1/mCry2 double mutant mouse embryonic fibroblasts transiently expressing GFP‐tagged (mutant) mPER2, we show that the protein shuttles between nucleus and cytoplasm using functional nuclear localization and nuclear export sequences. Moreover, we provide evidence that mCRY proteins prevent ubiquitylation of mPER2 and subsequent degradation of the latter protein by the proteasome system. Interestingly, mPER2 in turn prevents ubiquitylation and degradation of mCRY proteins. On the basis of these data we propose a model in which shuttling mPER2 is ubiquitylated and degraded by the proteasome unless it is retained in the nucleus by mCRY proteins.
Real-time deformation of detailed geometry based on mappings to a less detailed physical simulation on the GPU

Modern graphics processing units (GPUs) can be effectively used to solve physical systems. To use the GPU optimally, the discretization of the physical system is often restricted to a regular grid. When grid values represent spatial positions, a direct visualization can result in a jagged appearance. In this paper we propose to decouple computation and visualization of such systems. We define mappings that enable the deformation of a high-resolution surface based on a physical simulation on a lower resolution uniform grid. More specifically we investigate new approaches for the visualization of a GPU based spring-mass simulation.
Visualization of endogenous glycine in cat retina: an immunocytochemical study with Fab fragments

Fab fragments of a glycine antiserum were prepared and used for immunocytochemical visualization of glycine in the cat retina. The use of Fab fragments in conjunction with Fab-specific secondary and tertiary antisera improved tissue penetration and made it possible to identify a number of the immunoreactive neurons. Staining was observed in several subpopulations of amacrine cells, including the A7(AII) rod amacrine. Multiple subpopulations of cone bipolar cells were also seen to be immunoreactive. Many neurons exhibited no detectable immunostaining, indicating that general metabolic levels of glycine do not interfere with the visualization of those cells that contain large amounts of endogenous glycine. The distribution of immunostaining appears to parallel the pattern of glycine labeling seen previously with autoradiographic techniques and implicates these cells in glycine- mediated neurotransmission.
Accurate detection of Campylobacter spp. antigens by immunochromatography and enzyme immunoassay in routine microbiological laboratory.

Campylobacter spp. are fastidious microorganisms, and their detection by culture depends on the freshness of the stool sample and the skills of the laboratory staff. To improve laboratory diagnosis, assays for the detection of specific antigens have been developed. Here, we evaluated two assays for the detection of Campylobacter spp. -specific antigens, i.e., one immunochromatographic test and one enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (EIA), in 38 frozen Campylobacter spp. -positive specimens and prospectively in 533 fresh stool samples with a conventional enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and culture. Both assays were positive for 36 samples with Campylobacter jejuni and one with Campylobacter coli among 38 Campylobacter spp. -positive frozen samples. One Campylobacter lari-positive sample was identified by the immunochromatographic assay (ICA) only. In a prospective study performed within the course of routine microbiology, both assays were positive for 24/25 C. jejuni culture-positive samples (positive percent agreement, 96.0% [95% CI: 78.9-100%]). ICA and EIA also were positive for 14 and 10 culture-negative samples, respectively (negative percent agreement: ICA, 97.2% [95% CI: 95.4-98.4%]; EIA, 98.0% [95% CI: 96.4-99.0%]). In conclusion, the high agreement between both antigen-detection assays and culture indicates that both assays may be initially performed followed by culture only upon a positive test result.
The AtCathB 3 gene , encoding a cathepsin B-like protease , is expressed during germination of Arabidopsis thaliana and transcriptionally repressed by the basic leucine zipper protein GBF 1

Protein hydrolysis plays an important role during seed germination and post-germination seedling establishment. In Arabidopsis thaliana, cathepsin B-like proteases are encoded by a gene family of three members, but only the AtCathB3 gene is highly induced upon seed germination and at the early post-germination stage. Seeds of a homozygous T-DNA insertion mutant in the AtCathB3 gene have, besides a reduced cathepsin B activity, a slower germination than the wild type. To explore the transcriptional regulation of this gene, we used a combined phylogenetic shadowing approach together with a yeast one-hybrid screening of an arrayed library of approximately 1200 transcription factor open reading frames from Arabidopsis thaliana. We identified a conserved CathB3-element in the promoters of orthologous CathB3 genes within the Brassicaceae species analysed, and, as its DNA-interacting protein, the G-Box Binding Factor1 (GBF1). Transient overexpression of GBF1 together with a PAtCathB3::uidA (β-glucuronidase) construct in tobacco plants revealed a negative effect of GBF1 on expression driven by the AtCathB3 promoter. In stable P35S::GBF1 lines, not only was the expression of the AtCathB3 gene drastically reduced, but a significant slower germination was also observed. In the homozygous knockout mutant for the GBF1 gene, the opposite effect was found. These data indicate that GBF1 is a transcriptional repressor of the AtCathB3 gene and affects the germination kinetics of Arabidopsis thaliana seeds. As AtCathB3 is also expressed during post-germination in the cotyledons, a role for the AtCathB3-like protease in reserve mobilization is also inferred.
How Temporal Work Styles and Product Modularity Influence Software Quality and Job Satisfaction

This paper investigates how two key outcomes in software development-software quality and job satisfaction of software developers-are influenced by product modularity and developers' temporal work style, i.e., the preferences for completing the bulk of work closer to the deadlines. We argue that high deadline orientation positively interacts with product modularity to influence software quality and job satisfaction of developers. An empirical test using a unique data set on more than 140 software developers working at a large global software vendor confirms our hypotheses. We contribute to the literature on software development by showing that software quality and job satisfaction can be increased by matching the fit between technological characteristics of the software product and people factors (i.e., the preferred temporal work style of developers). Our study has wider implications for literature on temporal work styles and product modularity and can be informative for practitioners who are tasked with hiring or allocating software developers for software products with varying modularity.
Linear dynamics of elastic helical springs: asymptotic analysis of wave propagation

Helical springs serve as vibration isolators in virtually any suspension system. A variety of theories to describe the dynamic behaviour of these structural elements, which involves interaction of flexural, torsion and longitudinal waves, can be found in the literature. Alongside this, various approximate methods are employed to determine the eigenfrequencies of vibrations of springs. In this paper, the validity ranges of alternative theories are assessed by comparison of the location of the dispersion curves. This paper also contains a rigorous asymptotic analysis of the exact dispersion equation with two small parameters being employed. It allows for the identification of significant regimes of linear wave motion in a helical spring. In each of these regimes, simple formulae for wavenumbers are obtained by the dominant balance method and their validity ranges are checked against direct numerical solution. Mode shapes associated with each wavenumber are also analysed.
Combined Remote Perconditioning and Postconditioning Failed to Attenuate Infarct Size and Contractile Dysfunction in a Rat Model of Coronary Artery Occlusion

Objective: Although preconditioning remains one of the most powerful maneuvers to reduce myocardial infarct size, it is not feasible in the clinical setting to pretreat patients prior to acute myocardial infarction (MI). The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of more clinically relevant therapies of remote perconditioning, postconditioning, and the combined effect of remote perconditioning and postconditioning on myocardial infarct size in an anesthetized rat model. Methods: Anesthetized rats were subjected to 45 minutes of proximal left coronary artery occlusion followed by 2 hours of reperfusion. Remote perconditioning was performed 5 minutes after left coronary occlusion with 4 cycles of 5 minutes of occlusion and reperfusion of both the femoral arteries. Postconditioning was applied immediately prior to 2 hours of full reperfusion with 6 cycles of 10 seconds occlusion–reperfusion of the coronary artery. The combined effect was produced by preceding the postconditioning regimen with remote perconditioning, after 5 minutes of left coronary occlusion. Results: Remote perconditioning and postconditioning alone failed to reduce infarct size expressed as percentage of the risk zone (42.2% ± 3.9% and 45.0% ± 4.3%). The combination of remote perconditioning and postconditioning also failed to reduce infarct size (45.3% ± 4.1%) as compared to the untreated ischemia–reperfusion group (48.7% ± 3.4%). Hemodynamics including left ventricular end-systole and end-diastolic pressures, +dP/dt, −dP/dt, and heart rate did not show any improvement in the conditioning groups. Conclusion: This study shows that remote perconditioning and postconditioning alone or combined neither improve hemodynamics nor reduce infarct size in the rat model of MI.
When Commitment Can Be Overturned

Evidence from past pro-environmental programs suggests that the invalidation of individuals’ expectations could lead them to drop out of a given program. The aim of this research is to evaluate the impact of the invalidation of expectations on individuals’ commitment to a waste-sorting program. We focused on the hierarchy that may exist among these expectations by drawing on the dichotomy between central and peripheral cognitions proposed within the framework of the theory of social representations. In this perspective, expectations are the result of a body of socially constructed knowledge and can be characterized either by a central (essential) or peripheral (non-essential) status. Results show that withdrawing from the program is significantly more frequent when the experimenter invalidates a central cognition than when he invalidates a peripheral one. This moderating effect highlights the importance of taking into account representations with a view to explaining or preventing withdrawal from pro-environmental programs.
Cardiac motion tracking using CINE harmonic phase (HARP) magnetic resonance imaging

This article introduces a new image processing technique for rapid analysis of tagged cardiac magnetic resonance image sequences. The method uses isolated spectral peaks in SPAMM‐tagged magnetic resonance images, which contain information about cardiac motion. The inverse Fourier transform of a spectral peak is a complex image whose calculated angle is called a harmonic phase (HARP) image. It is shown how two HARP image sequences can be used to automatically and accurately track material points through time. A rapid, semiautomated procedure to calculate circumferential and radial Lagrangian strain from tracked points is described. This new computational approach permits rapid analysis and visualization of myocardial strain within 5–10 min after the scan is complete. Its performance is demonstrated on MR image sequences reflecting both normal and abnormal cardiac motion. Results from the new method are shown to compare very well with a previously validated tracking algorithm. Magn Reson Med 42:1048–1060, 1999. © 1999 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.