Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investigating Attitudes Toward International Students: Program and Policy Implications for Social Integration and International Education

Internationaleducationisathrivingindustry,butrelativelylittleisknownaboutits consequencesforthesocialintegrationofinternationalscholarsineducationalinstitutionsorthewidercommunity.Thisarticlereviewsresearchonattitudestoward international students as a key component of intercultural relations and a significant marker of social cohesion. An organizational framework for the investigation of these attitudes is proposed with threat mediating the influences of personal and situational factors on attitudinal outcomes. Broader contextual factors are also seen to exert influence on the process of attitude development and maintenance. A model derived from this framework is then tested with student, teacher, and community samples. A “tipping point” in attitudes toward international students as a function of the proportion of international enrolments in educational institutions is also explored. Finally, the applicability of the findings for promoting social cohesion in educational institutions and the wider community is discussed. There are now over 2.7 million international students enrolled in tertiary institutions worldwide (OECD, 2007), and that number has been projected to rise to 7.2 million by 2025 (Bohm, Davis, Meares, & Pearce, 2002). The United States, United Kingdom, and Australia attract 45% of the world’s international students, but France and Germany are frequent destinations, and Canada, New Zealand, and Japan are significant emerging markets (Hobsons & Lasanowski, 2007). In Switzerland and Australia as many as one in six tertiary students is from overseas (OECD, 2007). In short, international education is a thriving industry.
Between policy and a hard pedagogical place: the emotional geographies of teaching for citizenship in low socio-economic schools

Reflecting an international trend, Australian education policy increasingly charges schools with fostering active citizens who have the will and capacity to improve the democratic fabric and drive needed social change. This policy prescription also resonates with some teachers’ critical commitments to pedagogical practices that encourage young people to see themselves as transformative citizens capable of engineering a more just and equitable society. In particular, in low socio-economic school contexts, however, the pursuit of such practices may be subject to the complex physical and emotional geographies that attend the project of schooling in such contexts. In this article, I consider the empirical data derived from my recent discourse analysis of two schools in which teachers have introduced what I have termed the pedagogies of active citizenship. Both of these schools are located in low socio-economic Australian communities, that is, communities where structural, socio-geographic and socio-economic forms of marginalisation are an issue. I consider what motivates, enables and authorises such teachers, as well as what risks may attend the championing of such pedagogies in contexts that are subject to conflicting or competing education discourses and priorities. Theoretically, I draw on ideas of risk as well as on a growing body of scholarship that is concerned with the emotional geographies of citizenship and schooling.
Birth weight and later risk of depression in a national birth cohort

Background Low birth weight increases the risk of childhood behavioural problems, but it is not clear whether poor foetal growth has a long-term influence on susceptibility to depression. Aims To examine the relation between birth weight and risk of psychological distress and depression. Method At age 16 years 5187 participants in the 1970 British Cohort Study completed the 12-item General Health Questionnaire to assess psychological distress. At age 26 years 8292 participants completed the Malaise Inventory to assess depression and provided information about a history of depression. Results Women whose birth weight was 3 kg had an increased risk of depression at age 26 years (OR=1.3; 95% CI 1.0–1.5) compared with those who weighed > 3.5 kg. Birth weight was not associated with a reported history of depression or with risk of psychological distress at age 16 years. In men there were no associations between any measurement and the full range of birth weight but, compared with men of normal birth weight, those born weighing $2.5 kg were more likely to be psychologically distressed at age 16 years (OR=l.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.5) and to report a history of depression at age 26 years (OR=l.6, 95% CI 1.1–2.3). Conclusions Impaired neurodevelopment during foetal life may increase susceptibility to depression.
Molecular analysis of successful cell line selection in transfected GS‐NS0 myeloma cells

The production of recombinant proteins from mammalian cells is now an essential part of biotechnology. However, despite this importance, the detailed characteristics of good producing cell lines remain largely unknown. The industrially important GS‐NS0 mammalian expression system is able to produce large amounts of protein from relatively few copies of recombinant genes. This makes GS‐NS0 cell lines ideal candidates to study the consequence of recombinant plasmid transfection in mammalian cells. This study investigated the molecular features of a panel of 17 randomly chosen GS‐NS0 cell lines engineered to produce a recombinant antibody. The research analysed antibody production via enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and investigated the molecular features of the transfectants by Northern, Southern and copy number analysis. The cell lines generated produced a range of antibody concentrations. In addition, for transfectants defined as producers of recombinant antibody there was a positive correlation between specific productivity and heavy chain mRNA expression. The use of Northern and Southern analysis allowed determination of the functional integrity of the transfected plasmid. Over 50% of the transfectants studied had molecular defects at the level of mRNA and/or cDNA. Cell lines were identified with suspected defects in the regulatory regions of transfected genes in addition to cell lines which lacked recombinant genes. Also, “false‐positive” cell lines were generated which were able to overcome the GS selection pressure without producing any recombinant antibody. This article discusses these findings in relation to vector design. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2007;96: 337–348. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Differentiation for the Gifted in American Islamic Schools

This research focuses on teacher instructional and curricular practices in gifted students' experiences in Islamic schools in the United States. Surveys were administered at private, full-time Islamic elementary schools to determine the extent to which differentiation practices for meeting the needs of gifted students and the integration of Islamic values were employed. Findings suggest that Islamic schools in the United States have limited programs for gifted students. A majority of teachers in Islamic schools differentiate little between gifted and average students in instructional strategies. When differentiation occurs, it is very basic. Further, teachers at Islamic schools generally do not integrate Islamic values into other academic areas and present them to all students without differentiation.
Correlates of Depression in Adult Siblings of Persons with Traumatic Brain Injury

Using Pearlin's stress process model, this study examined correlates of depression in 170 adult siblings of persons with traumatic brain injury (TBI). Approximately 39% of adult sibling participants evinced Center for Epidemiologic Studies—Depression (CES—D; Radloff, 1977) scores indicating clinically significant depressive symptoms. Background characteristics found to be related to higher ratings of depression included being female and history of a pre-TBI depressive episode. In addition, results indicated that perceptions of more restrictions in valued family activities and less accessibility to social support were related to higher ratings of depression. Contrary to study hypotheses, an inverse relationship was found between subjective caregiving burden and depression. Practice and research implications of these findings are discussed.
Strengthening vocabulary for literacy: an analysis of the use of explicit instruction techniques to improve word learning from story book read-alouds

Vocabulary knowledge is an important predictor of literacy and broader academic outcomes, and children's literature is a rich source of sophisticated vocabulary. This study investigated the effect of providing instruction in word meanings as an adjunct to story-book read-aloud sessions in Grade One classrooms. The main intervention programme ran for 18 weeks over three terms in low socio-economic status (SES) schools. Two intervention models incorporating explicit instruction components were compared with existing classroom practice. Teaching a greater number of word meanings more briefly was contrasted with teaching fewer words in greater depth. Pre- and post-instruction vocabulary knowledge was assessed using curriculum-based assessments. Both explicit approaches were more effective in improving word learning than a traditional constructivist approach. Increased intensity of instruction resulted in better learning for individual words. There was no discernible carryover to scores on standardised vocabulary tests.
Organizational identification: Development and testing of a conceptually grounded measure

There is continuing debate in the literature as to how organizational identification (OID) should be conceptualized and operationalized. We present a new six-item measure of OID that includes both cognitive and affective components and that integrates the main dimensions of OID found in the literature. The new measure comprises three main subcomponents: self-categorization and labelling, sharing of organizational goals and values, and a sense of organizational belonging and membership. The measure was tested on two separate samples of over 600 employees working in the UK National Health Service (NHS) using Confirmatory Factor Analysis. The results provided support for the proposed three-component conceptualization of OID. However, the three subcomponents were highly intercorrelated and showed low discriminant validity. We therefore propose a single overall measure of OID. This six-item aggregate scale has acceptable psychometric properties and provides a theoretically meaningful, but parsimonious, measure of OID for use in field research.
Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Synbiotics: Gut and Beyond

The human intestinal tract has been colonized by thousands of species of bacteria during the coevolution of man and microbes. Gut-borne microbes outnumber the total number of body tissue cells by a factor of ten. Recent metagenomic analysis of the human gut microbiota has revealed the presence of some 3.3 million genes, as compared to the mere 23 thousand genes present in the cells of the tissues in the entire human body. Evidence for various beneficial roles of the intestinal microbiota in human health and disease is expanding rapidly. Perturbation of the intestinal microbiota may lead to chronic diseases such as autoimmune diseases, colon cancers, gastric ulcers, cardiovascular disease, functional bowel diseases, and obesity. Restoration of the gut microbiota may be difficult to accomplish, but the use of probiotics has led to promising results in a large number of well-designed (clinical) studies. Microbiomics has spurred a dramatic increase in scientific, industrial, and public interest in probiotics and prebiotics as possible agents for gut microbiota management and control. Genomics and bioinformatics tools may allow us to establish mechanistic relationships among gut microbiota, health status, and the effects of drugs in the individual. This will hopefully provide perspectives for personalized gut microbiota management.
Lying about flying: the first experiment to detect false intent

This article reports the results of, to our knowledge, the first ever experiment to investigate lying about intentions. Sixty passengers in an airport departure hall told the truth or lied about their forthcoming trip in an interview that comprised nine questions. The interviews were transcribed and raters coded the amount of detail in, and the plausibility of, the answers. Raters also coded whether the transcripts included contradictions and spontaneous corrections. Liars’ answers were less plausible than truth tellers’ answers but did not differ in terms of detail. Liars also included more contradictions and fewer spontaneous corrections in their answers. A total of 72% of truth tellers and 74% of liars were detected on the basis of these variables. We discuss the implications of the findings together with the limitations of the experiment and ideas for future research.
Measuring Tourists’ Emotional Experiences toward Hedonic Holiday Destinations

Destinations are more likely to be successful if they recognize the experiential qualities of their offerings. However, with some exceptions, research into the emotional content of the destination experience remains largely underexplored. This current research addresses this lacuna and empirically investigates the dimensions of tourists’ emotional experiences toward hedonic holiday destinations. Adopting a rigorous scale development procedure, exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses identify three salient dimensions to represent the Destination Emotion Scale, namely, joy, love, and positive surprise. In addition, tourists’ emotional experiences are related to satisfaction, which in turn has a significant influence on behavioral intentions. Findings offer important implications for destination marketers in relation to branding and emotional experience management.
Draft Genome Sequence of Sclerotinia borealis, a Psychrophilic Plant Pathogenic Fungus

ABSTRACT Sclerotinia borealis is a necrotrophic phytopathogenic fungus notable for its wide host range and environmental persistence. It grows at low temperatures, causing snow mold disease of crop plants. To understand the molecular mechanisms of its pathogenesis and adaptation to the psychrophilic lifestyle, we determined the 39.3-Mb draft genome sequence of S. borealis F-4128.
Moving Toward an Indigenous Psychotherapy

Although his statement may appear in stark contrast to the richness of cultural description seen in Joe Gone’s article (2010 [this issue]) on the potential of integrating traditional healing and psychotherapy, Devereux sees enormous diversity in cultures; therefore, an interest or an investment in an aspect of culture (such as the healing process) does not in and of itself tell us much. Rather, it is the “meaning or the culture’s ethos” (p. 73) that is informative. It is a nuanced view of the functioning of culture that Gone utilized to compare two Native American healers to understand the healing process. Gone is able to elucidate the dilemmas faced in developing an indigenous psychotherapy, or counseling method, by comparison and contrast between
Establishing a “Safety Net”: Exploring the Emergence and Maintenance of College Hockey Inc. and NCAA Division I Hockey

National Collegiate Athletics Association (NCAA) Division I schools compete with the Canadian Hockey League for top Canadian youth minor hockey players (ages 14–18). To address the challenges of adhering to NCAA’s eligibility and recruitment regulations, the NCAA commissioners created College Hockey Inc. (CHI). One challenge facing new institutions such as CHI is establishing legitimacy as a means of penetrating a crowded organizational field. In this paper we examine what forces, actions, and events contributed to the creation of CHI and what forces, actions, or events contribute to maintaining CHI’s relevance in their attempt to leverage NCAA Division I hockey with Canadian players and parents. Educational Opportunities, Student Life Experiences, Player Development, and Professional Hockey Opportunities were found to be discursive strategies used by CHI to gain pragmatic legitimacy and maintain the institution. Exploration of these strategies makes a number of practical and theoretical contributions to .
The Danish National Patient Register

Introduction: The Danish National Patient Register (NPR) was established in 1977, and it is considered to be the finest of its kind internationally. Content: At the onset the register included information on inpatient in somatic wards. The content of the register has gradually been expanded, and since 2007 the register has included information on all patients in Danish hospitals. Validity and coverage: Although the NPR is overall a sound data source, both the content and the definitions of single variables have changed over time. Changes in the organisation and provision of health services may affect both the type and the completeness of registrations. Conclusion: The NPR is a unique data source. Researchers using the data should carefully consider potential fallacies in the data before drawing conclusions.
Tracefilter : A Tool for Locating Network Source Address Validation Filters

The Internet architecture includes no explicit notion of authenticity and forwards packets with forged headers. Malicious users capitalize on the ability to “spoof” source IP addresses for anonymity, indirection and amplification [11]. As good Internet citizens, many networks implement source address validation best common practices [6, 1]. However, current anti-spoofing filtering techniques are hindered by an incentive problem. A provider can follow all best practices and still receive anonymous, malicious traffic from third-parties who do not properly filter. As a result, both previous research [2] and recent attacks, e.g. [7, 10], demonstrate that source address spoofing is a viable attack vector. Filtering presents a conundrum for network operators. Conventional wisdom dictates that ingress filtering is performed near the edges of the network rather than the core. Within the core, filter lists become unmanageably large, or may block legitimate traffic due to multi-homing and routing asymmetry. However the edge of the network contains the largest number of devices and interfaces. Thus appropriately deploying, managing and maintaining these filters is operationally challenging. For example, Bush et al. show more than 10% of all autonomous systems filter traffic to and from newly assigned address space [5]. This research examines where in the Internet source address validation filters are employed. We introduce “tracefilter,” a new, novel filter location technique. Our initial results from live Internet measurements find 80% of filters within two hops of sources.
Effect of ATM and HDAC Inhibition on Etoposide-Induced DNA Damage in Porcine Early Preimplantation Embryos

Oocyte maturation and embryonic development are sensitive to DNA damage. Compared with somatic cells or oocytes, little is known about the response to DNA damage in early preimplantation embryos. In this study, we examined DNA damage checkpoints and DNA repair mechanisms in parthenogenetic preimplantation porcine embryos. We found that most of the etoposide-treated embryos showed delay in cleavage and ceased development before the blastocyst stage. In DNA-damaged embryos, the earliest positive TUNEL signals were detected on Day 5 of in vitro culture. Caffeine, which is an ATM (ataxia telangiectasia mutated) and ATR (ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related protein) kinase inhibitor, and KU55933, which is an ATM kinase inhibitor, were equally effective in rescuing the etoposide-induced cell-cycle blocks. This indicates that ATM plays a central role in the regulation of the checkpoint mechanisms. Treating the embryos with histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) increased embryonic development and reduced etoposide-induced double-strand breaks (DSBs). The mRNA expression of genes involved in non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) or homologous recombination (HR) pathways for DSB repair was reduced upon HDACi treatment in 5-day-old embryos. Furthermore, HDACi treatment increased the expression levels of pluripotency-related genes (OCT4, SOX2 and NANOG) and decreased the expression levels of apoptosis-related genes (CASP3 and BAX). These results indicate that early embryonic cleavage and development are disturbed by etoposide-induced DNA damage. ATMi (caffeine or KU55933) treatment bypasses the checkpoint while HDACi treatment improves the efficiency of DSB repair to increase the cleavage and blastocyst rate in porcine early preimplantation embryos.
The Diagnostic Value of Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio in Acute Appendicitis

Makale / Article Sevim ve Ark. Akut Apandisitte Nötrofil Lenfosit Oranını Sakaryamj 2014;4(2):78-81 79 Introduction: Acute appendicitis is defined as an inflammation of the inner lining of the appendix vermiformis that spreads to its other parts. This condition is a common, and urgent surgical disease with variable clinical manifestations, generous overlap with other clinical syndromes, and significant morbidity, which increases with diagnostic delay. The classic history of anorexia and periumbilical pain followed by nausea, right lower quadrant (RLQ) pain, and vomiting occurs in only 50% of acute appendicitis cases. Although surgeons use clinical scoring systems such as Alvarado, and imaging procedures such as ultrasonography (US), and computed tomography (CT) at the present time, the diagnosis is not always easy. Leukocyte count (WBC) is used in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis, but also C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL6), interleukin-10 (IL-10) can be used such as inflammatory markers. Perforation and negative laparatomy rate decreases with accurate, and rapid diagnosis. Goodman et al asserts neutrophil-lypmphocyte ratio (NLR) as a diagnostic tool, and that is sense to the diagnosis of acute appendicitis when greater than 3,5. After that, a few studies have investigated the use of NLR in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. The aim of our study is to evaluate, and discuss the diagnostic value of NLR in acute appendicitis. Materials and Methods Three hundred and ten patients underwent appendectomy between January 2012 and December 2012 were included in our study, and the datas retrieved retrospectively. Patients ages, genders, preoperative WBC, neutrophil and lymphocyte percentages, and NLR, applied US findings, and pathological reports were noted. Fifty four patients with negative appendectomy evaluated as in control group. The sensitivity, spesivity, and positive predictive value of NLR were identified for the diagnosis of acute appendicitis. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 16.0. The datas were spesified as mean value ± standart deviation. Student t test, chi-square test, and odds ratios were used in statistical analysis. p<0,05 was considered statistically significant. Results Our study included appendectomy applied 310 patients, 176 patients (56,8%) were male, and male-female ratio of patients was determined as 1,3:1. The mean age of patients was 24,5 ± 12,2 (5-86) years (table 1). We determined 228 patients applied US (73,6%) preoperatively. US findings were reported as compatible with acute appendicitis to 120 patients, not compatible for acute appendicitis to 93 patients, and suspicious to 15 patients (table 2). Pathological reports showed that 54 patients reported as appendix vermiformis with no sign of inflammation. And also 14 patients (5,5%) reported as perforated, 5 patients (2,0%) as acute gangrenous appendicitis, 1 patient as musinous cystadenoma, and 1 patient as carsinoid tumor. Table 1 Sociodemographic features of patients