Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fair and Balanced

Ungar's factual account of the severe cuts in the VOA's news and information programs in English and other languages should not be ignored by those concerned about America's image abroad. Nor should the VOA's reputation for credibility, earned over six decades of broadcasting to overseas audiences, be dismissed by those engaged in public diplomacy, as it has been by the Broadcasting Board of Governors and by the VOA's management in its attempt to skew the news. Sadly, the demeaning of the VOA iS continuing. The latest move is a plan to close the central newsroom during the overnight shift (midnight to 7 AM) and outsource the shift's news-writing jobs to freelancers among British, Australian, and American expatriates in Hong Kong, who then would electronically transmit the material back to an editor in Washington. PHILOMENA JUREY was the Voice of America's White House correspondent during the Nixon, Ford, Carter, and Reagan administrations. Ungar Replies
Roles of Raft-Anchored Adaptor Cbp/PAG1 in Spatial Regulation of c-Src Kinase

The tyrosine kinase c-Src is upregulated in numerous human cancers, implying a role for c-Src in cancer progression. Previously, we have shown that sequestration of activated c-Src into lipid rafts via a transmembrane adaptor, Cbp/PAG1, efficiently suppresses c-Src-induced cell transformation in Csk-deficient cells, suggesting that the transforming activity of c-Src is spatially regulated via Cbp in lipid rafts. To dissect the molecular mechanisms of the Cbp-mediated regulation of c-Src, a combined analysis was performed that included mathematical modeling and in vitro experiments in a c-Src- or Cbp-inducible system. c-Src activity was first determined as a function of c-Src or Cbp levels, using focal adhesion kinase (FAK) as a crucial c-Src substrate. Based on these experimental data, two mathematical models were constructed, the sequestration model and the ternary model. The computational analysis showed that both models supported our proposal that raft localization of Cbp is crucial for the suppression of c-Src function, but the ternary model, which includes a ternary complex consisting of Cbp, c-Src, and FAK, also predicted that c-Src function is dependent on the lipid-raft volume. Experimental analysis revealed that c-Src activity is elevated when lipid rafts are disrupted and the ternary complex forms in non-raft membranes, indicating that the ternary model accurately represents the system. Moreover, the ternary model predicted that, if Cbp enhances the interaction between c-Src and FAK, Cbp could promote c-Src function when lipid rafts are disrupted. These findings underscore the crucial role of lipid rafts in the Cbp-mediated negative regulation of c-Src-transforming activity, and explain the positive role of Cbp in c-Src regulation under particular conditions where lipid rafts are perturbed.
Histamine and H3 Receptor in Alcohol-Related Behaviors

Data from rat models for alcohol preference and histidine decarboxylase knockout (HDC KO) mice suggest that brain histamine regulates alcohol-related behaviors. Histamine levels are higher in alcohol-preferring than in alcohol-nonpreferring rat brains, and expression of histamine H3 receptor (H3R) is different in key areas for addictive behavior. H3R inverse agonists decrease alcohol responding in one alcohol-preferring rat line. Conditioned place preference induced by alcohol is stronger in HDC KO mice than in control mice. The HDC KO mice display a weaker stimulatory response to acute alcohol than the wild-type (WT) mice. In male inbred C57BL/6 mice the H3R antagonist ciproxifan inhibits ethanol-evoked stimulation of locomotor activity. Ciproxifan also potentiates the ethanol reward, but does not alone result in the development of place preference. At least in one rat model developed to study alcohol sensitivity high histamine levels are characteristic of the alcohol-insensitive rat line, and lowering brain histamine with a HDC inhibitor increases alcohol sensitivity in the tilting plane test. However, the motor skills of HDC KO mice do not seem to differ from those of the WT mice. Current evidence suggests that the histaminergic system is involved in the regulation of place preference behavior triggered by alcohol, possibly through an interaction with the mesolimbic dopamine system. Histamine may also interact with dopamine in the regulation of the cortico-striato-pallido-thalamo-cortical motor pathway and cerebellar mechanisms, which may be important in different motor behaviors beyond alcohol-induced motor disturbances. H3R ligands may have significant effects on alcohol addiction.
Sapphire: Querying RDF Data Made Simple

There is currently a large amount of publicly accessible structured data available as RDF data sets. For example, the Linked Open Data (LOD) cloud now consists of thousands of RDF data sets with over 30 billion triples, and the number and size of the data sets is continuously growing. Many of the data sets in the LOD cloud provide public SPARQL endpoints to allow issuing queries over them. These end-points enable users to retrieve data using precise and highly expressive SPARQL queries. However, in order to do so, the user must have sufficient knowledge about the data sets that she wishes to query, that is, the structure of data, the vocabulary used within the data set, the exact values of literals, their data types, etc. Thus, while SPARQL is powerful, it is not easy to use. An alternative to SPARQL that does not require as much prior knowledge of the data is some form of keyword search over the structured data. Keyword search queries are easy to use, but inherently ambiguous in describing structured queries. This demonstration introduces Sapphire, a system for querying RDF data that strikes a middle ground between ambiguous keyword search and difficult-to-use SPARQL. Our system does not replace either, but utilizes both where they are most effective. Sapphire helps the user construct expressive SPARQL queries that represent her information needs without requiring detailed knowledge about the queried data sets. These queries are then executed over public SPARQL endpoints from the LOD cloud. Sapphire guides the user in the query writing process by showing suggestions of query terms based on the queried data, and by recommending changes to the query based on a predictive user model.
Adrenal cortical carcinoma with tumor thrombus extension into the right atrium: A case report

Adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare aggressive malignant tumor associated with a poor prognosis. Patients with ACC usually present with abnormal hormone secretion, tumor growth or encroachment on the surrounding viscera. An early diagnosis of ACC is considered challenging. The present study reports a case of ACC with tumor thrombus extension into the inferior vena cava and right atrium. A 33-year-old male patient exhibited symptoms of gynecomastia and abdominal distention, which were due to the abnormal hormone secretion levels and to the presence of a large mass in the right adrenal gland. An en bloc resection of the tumor was the selected treatment option. Extirpation of the tumor thrombus was performed by means of extracorporeal circulation. No signs of metastasis or recurrence were identified at the 1-month follow-up.
Key distribution mechanism in secure ADS-B networks

Automatic Dependent Surveillance Broadcast (ADS-B) has been gaining attention as a replacement and strengthening of primary and secondary RADAR systems. Nevertheless, there have been several security concerns about this protocol because messages are sent in clear text, which makes it vulnerable to several attacks. In recent work, we addressed these concerns using a hash-based message authentication code (HMAC) that provides ADS-B with integrity and authentication capabilities. In this paper, we further develop this concept by proposing a key distribution mechanism that provides the proper infrastructure for the added safety and security features. The proposed mechanism addresses several common usage scenarios, including those that arise from air space being shared by manned and unmanned aerial vehicles.
Examining the unfolding of moral decisions across time using the reach-to-touch paradigm

Abstract Recent theories of decision making are characterised by a growing emphasis on understanding the cognitive mechanisms that produce decisions. This has seen a growth in methods that allow for the continuous collection of data during reasoning. Current applications of these methods to complex decision making have been limited in their ability to examine the dynamics of responding across time. In the current study we address this issue by examining the online dynamics of moral decisions. Participants were required to respond to moral dilemmas that differed according to harm or intention by reaching out and touching one of two response panels. Utilitarian and deontological responses to personal moral dilemmas were found to differ across time. Utilitarian decisions did not emerge more slowly overall, but rather emerged across a wider (less consistent) time period. Importantly, this result did not generalise to a set of standardized moral scenarios. Taken together these findings highlight how dilemma-specific variables can significantly influence moral reasoning and emphasize the importance of using well controlled stimuli together with a measure capable of examining decisions as they unfold over time.
A consistency check for renormalons in lattice gauge theory: β−10 contributions to the SU(3) plaquette

We compute the perturbative expansion of the Lattice SU(3) plaquette to order β−10 on 84 and 244 volumes. The result is found to be consistent both with the expected renormalon behaviour and with finite size effects on top of that. Complete control over the latter effects was the only loose end still to be tied up from previous works of our group.
Observations of atmospheric mercury in China: a critical review

Abstract. China presently contributes the largest amount of anthropogenic mercury (Hg) emission into the atmosphere in the world. Over the past decade, numerous studies have been conducted to characterize the concentration and forms of atmospheric Hg in China, which provide insights into the spatial and temporal distributions of atmospheric Hg through ground-based measurements at widely diverse geographical locations and during cruise and flight campaigns. In this paper, we present a comprehensive review of the state of understanding in atmospheric Hg in China. Gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) and particulate-bound mercury (PBM) measured at the remote sites in China are substantially elevated compared to the background values in the Northern Hemisphere. In Chinese urban areas, the highly elevated GEM, PBM and gaseous oxidized mercury (GOM) were mainly derived from local anthropogenic Hg emissions, whereas regional anthropogenic emissions and long-range transport from domestic source regions are the primary causes of the elevated GEM and PBM concentrations at remote sites. Using 7–9 years of continuous observations at a remote site and an urban site, a slight increase in atmospheric GEM (2.4–2.5 % yr−1) was identified (paired samples test: p
Behavioral enhancement of visual responses in monkey cerebral cortex. I. Modulation in posterior parietal cortex related to selective visual attention.

that area 7 of posterior parietal cortex plays a role in visual attention and eye movements. We have operationally defined attention as a stimulus-selection process independent of the specific movement used to respond to the stimulus. We trained monkeys to make various hand or eye movements and recorded from single neurons in area 7 while the monkeys were performing these tasks. 2. As demonstrated previously ( 19, 20, 46, 47, 63), many cells in area 7 respond to visual stimuli independent of any behavior. The discharge to a stimulus may be enhanced when the animal makes an eye movement to the stimulus. 3. We used two paradigms to study the modulation of visual responses when the animal used a stimulus without making an eye movement. The first was a peripheral-attention task in which the animal had to signal the occurrence of a peripheral stimulus without making an eye movement to it. Half of the cells studied gave an enhanced response in this task. In the second task, the animal had to reach out and touch a stimulus without making an eye movement to it. Visually responsive parietal neurons also yielded enhanced responses in this task. 4. The enhancements demonstrable in the saccade, peripheral-attention, and handreach tasks probably represent the same underlying process because their frequency of occurrence in our sample is almost identical, the intensities are quite similar, and cells that give an enhanced response on one task give an enhanced response in the others. 5. These results show that in posterior parietal cortex, the behavioral enhancement of a visual response is independent of the specific movement used to respond to the stimulus. The physiological mechanism of enhancement, which is movement independent and spatially selective, resembles the psychological phenomenon of selective spatial attention. We suggest that the role of area 7 in visual attention may be mediated by the enhancement of visual responses to selected stimuli.
Optimization of Support Vector Regression Models for Stormwater Prediction

In this paper we propose a solution to a real-world time series regression problem: the prediction of fill levels of stormwater tanks. Our regression model is based on Support Vector Regression (SVR), but can easily be replaced with other data mining methods. The main intention of the work is to overcome frequently occuring problems in data mining by automatically tuning both preprocessing and hyperparameters. We highly believe that many models can be improved by a systematic preprocessing and hyperparameter tuning. The optimization of our model is presented in a step-by-step manner which can easily be adapted to other time series problems. We point out possible issues of parameter tuning, e.g., we analyze our tuned models with respect to overfitting and oversearching (which are effects that might lead to a reduced model generalizability) and present methods to circumvent such issues.
Public Opinion and the Democratic Peace : An Experimental Investigation

One of the most striking findings in political science is the democratic peace: the absence of war between democracies. Some authors have attempted to explain this phenomenon by highlighting the role of public opinion. They observe that democratic leaders are beholden to voters, and argue that voters oppose war because of its human and financial costs. This logic predicts that democracies should behave peacefully in general, but history shows that democracies avoid war primarily in their relations with other democracies. In this article we investigate not whether democratic publics are averse to war in general, but instead whether they are especially reluctant to fight other democracies. We embedded experiments in public opinion polls in the U.S. and the U.K., and found that individuals are substantially less supportive of military strikes against democracies than against otherwise identical autocracies. Moreover, our experiments suggest that shared democracy pacifies the public primarily by changing perceptions of threat and morality, not by raising expectations of costs or failure. These findings shed light on a debate of enduring importance to scholars and policymakers.
Cultural Globalisation, Institutional Diversity and the Unequal Accumulation of Intellectual Capital

National economies used to be characterised by cultural standardisation and social protection. Globalisation pushes cultural standardisation beyond the boundaries of national states and induces a global dilution of the standards of social protection. At the same time, if national economies specialise according to their comparative institutional advantage, global economic integration may help promote institutional diversity and variety in welfare policies. However, the institution of a global system of intellectual property rights may seriously limit the biodiversity of capitalism and imply a global revenge of a new international form of Taylorism. The overall result may be a very unequal accumulation of intellectual capital. Paradoxically, the modern global economy may end up sharing some aspects of the agrarian societies that have been displaced by modern nation states.
Effects of Dietary Chromium Methionine on Growth Performance, Carcass Composition, Meat Colour and Expression of the Colour-related Gene Myoglobin of Growing-finishing Pigs

To investigate the effect of dietary chromium (Cr) as Cr methionine (CrMet) on growth performance, carcass traits, pork quality, meat colour and expression of meat colour-related genes in growing-finishing pigs, 189 crossbred Duroc×(Landrace×Yorkshire) growing-finishing pigs (male, castrated, average initial BW 74.58±1.52 kg) were selected and randomly allocated into four groups. Dietary treatments per kg of feed were as follows: 0 (CT), 0.3 mg/kg (T1), 0.6 mg/kg (T2) and 0.9 mg/kg (T3) Cr (in the form of CrMet; as-fed basis), and each treatment was replicated five times with 8 to 10 pigs per replicate pen. During the 28 d of the experiment, both the ADG and the ADFI increased linearly (p<0.05) as the level of dietary Cr increased. The F/G ratio decreased linearly (p<0.05). As dietary Cr increased, loin muscle areas (linear, p = 0.013) and average backfat thickness (linear, p = 0.072) decreased. Shear force (linear, p = 0.070) and Commission Internationale de I’Éclairage (CIE) redness (quadratic, p = 0.028) were increased. In addition, CIE Lightness (quadratic, p = 0.053) were decreased as dietary Cr increased. As dietary Cr increased, total myglobin (Mb) content (quadratic, p = 0.015) and the mb mRNA levels (quadratic, p = 0.046) in longissimus muscles of pigs were up-regulated. In conclusion, supplementation of dietary Cr improved growth and meat colour, but increased shear force and decreased IMF reduced palatability of longissimus muscles. Moreover, the increasing total Mb content and mb mRNA levels indicated that CrMet dietary supplementation may improve meat colour via up-regulating expression of the mb gene.
PERBEDAAN PERILAKU KERJA INOVATIF BERDASARKAN KARAKTERISTIK INDIVIDU KARYAWAN

In recent years, research on innovation in organizations, particularly innovative work behaviors, has developed considerably. The objective of the study were to examine the role of individual characteristics such as age, gender, educational background, ethnic’s background, tenure and length in current position which presumably would have an impact on the formation of innovative work behaviors. The study is quantitative study with non-experimental design, conducted on 279 respondents working in a Syariah Bank and a television company. The measuring tool used is the Innovative Work Behavior Scale. Demographic data were asked to be completed in the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using t-test, one-way Anova, and crosstabs analysis. The results show that innovative work behavior differs significantly based on age (χ2(3, 276) = 17.54; p < . 001), educational background (χ2 (4, 275) = 8.18; p = . 04), and tenure (χ2(2, 277) = 6.98; p = 0.03), but has no significant difference based on gender (χ2(2, 277) = 1.68; p = . 20), ethnic background (χ2(13, 266) = 8.12; p = . 78) and length in the current position (χ2(3, 276) = 3.81; p = . 15). Thus, the results of this study will contribute to enrich the knowledge about innovative work behavior in Indonesia. Furthermore, this result will also be a consideration for dealing with employees to encourage innovative work behavior.
Rural Finance without Markets in Ukraine, 1991-2000

Three institutional pillars form the foundations of sustainable financial markets: The existence of a pool of profitable and diverse rural clients with the ability to service loans, well-run financial institutions which are financially self supporting and an enabling policy environment. Ukraine has not been successful in developing robust rural financial markets because it has consistently undermined these three institutional pillars through soft government-provided or government-subsidized directed credits that have had an overwhelming role in rural policies in the post- Soviet period. Instead of a pool of profitable clients, the Ukrainian countryside is dominated by unprofitable farm enterprises which employ the overwhelming majority of rural residents. Second, financial institutions serving agricultural enterprises in Ukraine have largely distributed government directed soft credit at unsustainable interest rates to financially troubled farms in order to cover losses. Third, there has been abiding opposition to policies to ensure clear property rights, enforceable contracts and transparent farm restructuring and privatization, because such policies would imply the dissolution of large scale farms which are the object of most rural policies. Instead of creating sustainable rural financial markets, Ukrainian policies were instrumental in causing a substantial accumulation of bad debt by agricultural enterprises by the end of the 1990s. Partly as a response to this problem, the Government of Ukraine privatized agricultural enterprises in a four month period in 2000 and wrote off or rescheduled much of farm debt. The government also subsequently changed its main form of financing agricultural input markets from direct state involvement to substantial credit subsidies. In these policy changes the government of Ukraine adhered to its well-established legacy of addressing the symptoms of financial problems without altering fundamental causes.
Counting Grid Aggregation for Event Retrieval and Recognition

Event retrieval and recognition in a large corpus of videos necessitates a holistic fixed-size visual representation at the video clip level that is comprehensive, compact, and yet discriminative. It shall comprehensively aggregate information across relevant video frames, while suppress redundant information, leading to a compact representation that can effectively differentiate among different visual events. In search for such a representation, we propose to build a spatially consistent counting grid model to aggregate together deep features extracted from different video frames. The spatial consistency of the counting grid model is achieved by introducing a prior model estimated from a large corpus of video data. The counting grid model produces an intermediate tensor representation for each video, which automatically identifies and removes the feature redundancy across the different frames. The tensor representation is subsequently reduced to a fixed-size vector representation by averaging over the counting grid. When compared to existing methods on both event retrieval and event classification benchmarks, we achieve significantly better accuracy with much more compact representation.