Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Linear Shift-Register Synthesis for Multiple Sequences of Varying Length

The problem of finding the shortest linear shift-register capable of generating t finite length sequences over some field F is considered. A similar problem was already addressed by Feng and Tzeng. They presented an iterative algorithm for solving this multi-sequence shift-register synthesis problem, which can be considered as generalization of the well known Berlekamp-Massey algorithm. The Feng-Tzeng algorithm works indeed, if all t sequences have the same length. This paper focuses on multi-sequence shift-register synthesis for generating sequences of varying length. It is exposed, that the Feng-Tzeng algorithm does not always give the correct solution in this case. A modified algorithm is proposed and formally proved, which overcomes this problem.
Antibacterial Ingredients and Modes of the Methanol-Phase Extract from the Fruit of Amomum villosum Lour.

Epidemics of infectious diseases threaten human health and society stability. Pharmacophagous plants are rich in bioactive compounds that constitute a safe drug library for antimicrobial agents. In this study, we have deciphered for the first time antibacterial ingredients and modes of the methanol-phase extract (MPE) from the fruit of Amomum villosum Lour. The results have revealed that the antibacterial rate of the MPE was 63.64%, targeting 22 species of common pathogenic bacteria. The MPE was further purified by high performance liquid chromatography (Prep-HPLC), and three different constituents (Fractions 1–3) were obtained. Of these, the Fraction 2 treatment significantly increased the cell membrane fluidity and permeability, reduced the cell surface hydrophobicity, and damaged the integrity of the cell structure, leading to the leakage of cellular macromolecules of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens (p < 0.05). Eighty-nine compounds in Fraction 2 were identified by ultra HPLC-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) analysis, among which 4-hydroxyphenylacetylglutamic acid accounted for the highest 30.89%, followed by lubiprostone (11.86%), miltirone (10.68%), and oleic acid (10.58%). Comparative transcriptomics analysis revealed significantly altered metabolic pathways in the representative pathogens treated by Fraction 2 (p < 0.05), indicating multiple antibacterial modes. Overall, this study first demonstrates the antibacterial activity of the MPE from the fruit of A. villosum Lour. , and should be useful for its application in the medicinal and food preservative industries against common pathogens.
T-cadherin Is Essential for Adiponectin-mediated Revascularization*

Background: Adiponectin has vascular protective actions and is bound by T-cadherin. Results: T-cadherin-deficient mice lack skeletal muscle tissue-resident adiponectin and display impaired revascularization that is not improved by treatment with exogenous adiponectin. Conclusion: Expression of T-cadherin is critical for revascularization actions of adiponectin in vitro and in vivo. Significance: The T-cadherin/adiponectin interaction is important for vascular homeostasis. Adipose tissue secretes protein factors that have systemic actions on cardiovascular tissues. Previous studies have shown that ablation of the adipocyte-secreted protein adiponectin leads to endothelial dysfunction, whereas its overexpression promotes wound healing. However, the receptor(s) mediating the protective effects of adiponectin on the vasculature is not known. Here we examined the role of membrane protein T-cadherin, which localizes adiponectin to the vascular endothelium, in the revascularization response to chronic ischemia. T-cadherin-deficient mice were analyzed in a model of hind limb ischemia where blood flow is surgically disrupted in one limb and recovery is monitored over 28 days by laser Doppler perfusion imaging. In this model, T-cadherin-deficient mice phenocopy adiponectin-deficient mice such that both strains display an impaired blood flow recovery compared with wild-type controls. Delivery of exogenous adiponectin rescued the impaired revascularization phenotype in adiponectin-deficient mice but not in T-cadherin-deficient mice. In cultured endothelial cells, T-cadherin deficiency by siRNA knockdown prevented the ability of adiponectin to promote cellular migration and proliferation. These data highlight a previously unrecognized role for T-cadherin in limb revascularization and show that it is essential for mediating the vascular actions of adiponectin.
Centres secondaires et recomposition économique des espaces urbains.Le cas de la Communauté de l'Agglomération Dijonnaise (1990 ; 1999)

L'objectif de ce papier est d'analyser les caracteristiques multicentriques de l'Agglomeration dijonnaise en etudiant l'organisation spatiale des activites economiques et de la population. L'etude se rapporte au territoire de la Communaute d'Agglomeration dijonnaise (COMADI) qui est compose de 16 communes. L'echelle spatiale utilisee est le zonage Iris-2000 pour les communes de plus de 5000 habitants et l'echelle communales pour les autres villes appartenant a la COMADI : l'echantillon comporte 114 observations. Nous utilisons 2 base de donnees disponible pour deux annees (1990 et 1999) : le fichier SIRENE pour l'emploi par secteurs d'activites (nomenclatures ACTET10 et NAF700) et les donnees du RGP pour la population. Nous etudions la repartition spatiale de la population et de l'emploi et nous montrons la forme polycentrique de la COMADI en identifiant les centres economiques secondaires. Nous utilisons la methode proposee par Giuliano et Small. Nous completons cette methode d'identification exogene par une analyse des clusters en utilisant les centres potentiels comme observations et diverses sortes de variables : la taille des centres potentiels evaluee par l'emploi total, la taille de chaque secteur economique presents dans les centres evaluee par l'emploi par secteur, la localisation des centres, le nombre d'etablissements et la population. De 1990 a 1999, nous soulignons quelques evidences empiriques de la suburbanisation de services. / The object of paper is to analyze the multicentric features of the Agglomeration of Dijon by studying the spatial organization of the economic activities and population. The study relates to the territory of the Agglomeration Community of Dijon (COMADI), which is composed of 16 towns. The space scale used is Iris-2000 zoning for the communes of more than 5000 inhabitants and the communal scale for the other towns belonging to the COMADI: the sample includes 114 observations. We use two databases available for two years (1990 and 1999): the SIRENE data for the employment by sectors of activities (ACTET10 and NAF700 nomenclatures) and the data of the RGP for the population. We study the spatial repartition of population and employment and show the polycentric form of the COMADI by identifying economic subcenters. We use the method proposed by Giuliano and Small. We complete these exogeneous identification method with a cluster analysis using the potential centers as observations and different type of variables: the size of the potential centers evaluated by the total employment, the size of each economic sector present in the centers evaluated by sector-based employment, the location of the centers, the number of firms and the population. From 1990 to 1999, we underline some empirical evidences of the suburbanisation of tertiary services
Dynamic Control of Cell Cycle and Growth Coupling by Ecdysone, EGFR, and PI3K Signaling in Drosophila Histoblasts

Regulation of cell proliferation has been extensively studied in cultured cell systems that are characterized by coordinated growth and cell-cycle progression and relatively uniform cell size distribution. During the development of multicellular organisms, however, growth and division can be temporally uncoupled, and the signaling pathways that regulate these growth programs are poorly understood. A good model for analyzing proliferation control in such systems is the morphogenesis of the Drosophila adult abdominal epidermis by histoblasts. These cells undergo a series of temporally regulated transitions during which neither cell size nor division rate is constant. The proliferation of histoblasts during metamorphosis is uniquely amenable to clonal analysis in combination with live imaging. Thereby, we show that abdominal histoblasts, which grow while in G2 arrest during larval stages, enter a proliferative stage in the pupal period that is initiated by ecdysone-dependent string/Cdc25 phosphatase transcription. The proliferating histoblasts have preaccumulated stores of Cyclin E, which trigger an immediate S phase onset after mitosis. These rapid cell cycles lack a G1 phase and result in a progressive reduction of cell size. Eventually, the histoblasts proceed to a stage of slower proliferation that, in contrast to the preceding, depends on epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling for progression through the G2/M transition and on insulin receptor/PI3K-mediated signaling for growth. These results uncover the developmentally programmed changes coupling the growth and proliferation of the histoblasts that form the abdominal epidermis of Drosophila. Histoblasts proceed through three distinct stages: growth without division, division without growth, and growth-coupled proliferation. Our identification of the signaling pathways and cell-cycle regulators that control these programs illustrates the power of in vivo time-lapse analyses after clone induction. It sets the stage for the comprehensive understanding of the coordination of cell growth and cell-cycle progression in complex multicellular eukaryotes.
Purification and characterization of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae BGL2 gene product, a cell wall endo-beta-1,3-glucanase

One of the major proteins of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall, a beta-glucanase (BGL2 gene product), has been isolated and purified to homogeneity under conditions for preserving enzyme activity. The study of enzyme properties of the protein revealed that it is an endo-beta-1,3-glucanase and not an exoglucanase as reported previously (F. Klebl and W. Tanner, J. Bacteriol. 171:6259-6264, 1989). The examination of the glucanase structure showed that the lower apparent molecular mass of the protein (29 kDa) compared with what was calculated from the amino acid sequence of the enzyme (33.5 kDa) is due to anomalous migration in sodium dodecyl sulfate gels and not to posttranslational processing of the polypeptide chain. Of two potential N glycosylation sites at Asn-202 and Asn-284, only the latter site is glycosylated. The overproduction of the beta-glucanase from the high-copy-number plasmid brought about a significant decrease in the growth rate of transformed yeast cells.
ECONOMICAL APPROACHES FOR THE TREATMENT ANDREUTILIZATION OF LAUNDRY WASTEWATER - A REVIEW

This paper provides an elementary characterization of laundry wastewater (LWW) and treatment techniques with their installation and operation cost analysis for potential chemical removal such as surfactants i.e., linear alkylbenzene sulfonates (LAS), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrate, sulphates and phosphate found up to 1024, 4474, 25.7, 102.6 and 279 in mg/L, respectively. LWW also contains solids, turbidity, low levels of alkalinity, volatile acids, deodorizing agents, fabric, food, body fluids, non-biodegradables, and a few metals like Zn, Ni, Fe, Cu, Pb and xenobiotic organic compounds. The treatment techniques for LWW as physical treatments includes sedimentation and filtration for particulate matter and adsorption using granular activated carbon (GAC) or bio-char are used to reduce the COD, BOD, anionic surfactants, total solid and turbidity by 50-95%. Bio-char is more preferred than activated carbon because it is 60% more economical and facilitates E. coli removal. Chemical treatments such as coagulation integrated with GAC results in 80-95% removal of COD, BOD, total phosphorous and anionic surfactant. Biological treatment and phyto-remediation take more time but they are the most eco-friendly strategies to employ. Each technique can serve according to each project’s budget, material availability and according to the desired utilization or application. In this review, the best cost effective trends are highlighted along with recommendations for further developments. This paper further highlighted the current knowledge gaps and future research directions for the application of these technologies for wastewater treatment and reuse.
Healthcare professionals’ perspectives on delivering end-of-life care within acute hospital trusts: a qualitative study

Objective The quality of end-of-life (EOL) care in acute hospitals is variable and interventions to improve this care, such as EOL care pathways, are not always used. The underlying reasons for this variability are not fully understood. We explored healthcare professionals’ views on delivering EOL care within an acute hospital trust in the South West of England. Methods We employed qualitative methods (focus groups, in-depth interviews and questerviews) within a study investigating the impact of a simple EOL tool on the care of dying patients. We invited a range of staff of all grades with experience in caring for dying patients from medicine, surgery and care of the elderly teams to participate. Results Six focus groups, seven interviews and five questerviews were conducted. Two main themes emerged: (a) delays (difficulties and avoidance) in diagnosing dying and (b) the EOL tool supporting staff in caring for the dying. Staff acknowledged that the diagnosis of dying was often made late; this was partly due to prognostic uncertainty but compounded by a culture that did not acknowledge death as a possible outcome until death was imminent. Both the medical and nursing staff found the EOL tool useful as a means of communicating ceilings of care, ensuring appropriate prescribing for EOL symptoms, and giving nurses permission to approach the bedside of a dying patient. Conclusions The culture of avoiding death and dying in acute hospitals remains a significant barrier to providing EOL care, even when EOL tools are available and accepted by staff.
Assessment of reproductive hormones in prepubertal and postpubertal rats (Rattus norvegicus) on chronic exposure to various spectra of artificial light at night

Exposures to Artificial Light at Night (ALAN) is on the increase with resultant varied physiological impact related to the light spectrum via the non-visual pathway. This study examined the effects of various spectra of ALAN on Testosterone (Te), Progesterone (Pr) and Estradiol (Es) in rats exposed to Blue (BL), Green (GL), Yellow (YL), Red (RL), White (WL) and Darkness (DD) light wave-lengths while Ambient light (CL) served as the control. Dams with their post-natal day 1 pups were housed in cages exposed to various light wavelengths for 12 hours: (6:00pm–6:00am) daily for 126 days. At d63 and d126, five rats per treatments were euthanized; blood serum was collected and the serum hormones: Te, Es and Pr were analysed using ELISA. The results showed that light treatments had significant effect on the level of Te at d63 but not at d126 in male rats. At d63, onset of puberty, Te was significantly highest (p < 0.05) under BL. In females exposed to YL and WL at d126, Te was significant high and Es was significantly low. Estradiol was heightened significantly (p < 0.05) in both sexes exposed to RL. In conclusion, BL seemed to stimulate early sexual development in males, WL and GL enhanced post-pubertal male albino rat reproductive system while RL provided the best reproductive environment for females in the long term. Long periods of exposure to YL seemed to pose risks for male and female reproductive function.
Genetic diversity and conservation of native populations of Maytenus Ilicifolia

The aim of this work was to analyze genetic variability in 18 populations of Maytenus ilicifolia, and representatives of Maytenus aquifolia and Maytenus evonymoidis, collected in the states of Mato Grosso do Sul, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul, using RAPD molecular markers. Considering total samples of the three species, 263 amplified fragments were identified, of which 72.2% showed to be polymorphous. The index of similarity (Jaccard coefficient) was on average 0.64 between M. ilicifolia and M. aquifolia; 0.47 between M. ilicifolia and M. evonymoidis; and 0.44 between M. aquifolia and M. evonymoidis. The analysis of groupings by the UPGMA algorithm allowed to clearly separate the three analyzed species. In determining the variability in M. ilicifolia, 222 bands were identified, on average 11.1 bands per primer, being 43.2% polymorphous. The index of similarity (Jaccard coefficient) in the bulks of each population in M. ilicifolia was, on average, 0.92 and the index of similarities among the populations was 0.83. The analysis of groupings with the UPGMA algorithm and the analysis of the main coordination (PCO), allowed the separation of the analyzed populations into three groups, the populations from the south of Rio Grande do Sul and the population from Mato Grosso do Sul standing out. A relation between the groupings found and the edaphoclimatic conditions of the collecting places was observed.
Plasma HIV Viral Rebound following Protocol-Indicated Cessation of ART Commenced in Primary and Chronic HIV Infection

Objectives The magnitude of HIV viral rebound following ART cessation has consequences for clinical outcome and onward transmission. We compared plasma viral load (pVL) rebound after stopping ART initiated in primary (PHI) and chronic HIV infection (CHI). Design Two populations with protocol-indicated ART cessation from SPARTAC (PHI, n = 182) and SMART (CHI, n = 1450) trials. Methods Time for pVL to reach pre-ART levels after stopping ART was assessed in PHI using survival analysis. Differences in pVL between PHI and CHI populations 4 weeks after stopping ART were examined using linear and logistic regression. Differences in pVL slopes up to 48 weeks were examined using linear mixed models and viral burden was estimated through a time-averaged area-under-pVL curve. CHI participants were categorised by nadir CD4 at ART stop. Results Of 171 PHI participants, 71 (41.5%) rebounded to pre-ART pVL levels, at a median of 50 (95% CI 48–51) weeks after stopping ART. Four weeks after stopping treatment, although the proportion with pVL≥400 copies/ml was similar (78% PHI versus 79% CHI), levels were 0.45 (95% CI 0.26–0.64) log10 copies/ml lower for PHI versus CHI, and remained lower up to 48 weeks. Lower CD4 nadir in CHI was associated with higher pVL after ART stop. Rebound for CHI participants with CD4 nadir >500 cells/mm3 was comparable to that experienced by PHI participants. Conclusions Stopping ART initiated in PHI and CHI was associated with viral rebound to levels conferring increased transmission risk, although the level of rebound was significantly lower and sustained in PHI compared to CHI.
A Class of Multi-Channel Cosine Modulated IIR Filter Banks

This paper presents a class of multi-channel cosine-modulated filter banks satisfying the perfect reconstruction (PR) property using an IIR prototype filter. By imposing a suitable structure on the polyphase filter coefficients, we show that it is possible to greatly simplify the PR condition, while preserving the causality and stability of the system. We derive closed-form expressions for the synthesis filters and also study the numerical stability of the filter bank using frame theoretic bounds. Further, we show that it is possible to implement this filter bank with much lower number of arithmetic operations when compared to FIR filter banks with comparable performance. The filter bank's modular structure also lends itself to efficient VLSI implementation.
Grapevine and Horseradish Leaves as Natural, Sustainable Additives for Improvement of the Microbial, Sensory, and Antioxidant Properties of Traditionally Fermented Low-Salt Cucumbers

The agro-food industry produces large amounts of secondary by-products, which can act as a source of bio-active ingredients. These ingredients can be used as valuable additives to support the sustainable circular economy concept. This study aimed to analyze the potential application of horseradish and grapevine leaves in the fermentation process of low-salt pickled cucumbers to improve their sensory and functional properties. The pour plate technique, RT-qPCR, HPLC, and a nine-point hedonic scale test with penalty analysis were used to analyze the traditionally fermented product. The research showed that the addition of both horseradish and grapevine leaves did not negatively affect the kinetics of fermentation and had a positive effect on the overall desirability. Moreover, they contributed to an increase in the concentration of antioxidant compounds, namely gallic acid (grape leaves) and ellagic acid (grapevine and horseradish leaves). Bacterial metabiome analysis showed the positive effect of all analyzed additives on an increase in the relative expression of genes responsible for the synthesis of selected bacteriocins (plantaricin and acidocin). Research results indicated a high potential for sustainable use of by-products (horseradish and grapevine leaves) in the production of traditional low-salt fermented cucumbers with high health-promoting potential.
DESIGN AND IN VIVO EVALUATION OF NAPROXEN-LOADED TRANSFEROSOMAL GEL FOR TRANSDERMAL DELIVERY

Objective: The main objective of the present study was to formulate, optimize, and evaluate naproxen transfersomal gels. Methods: Reverse phase evaporation was used to create thirteen different formulations of naproxen-loaded transfersomes. Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Central Composite Designs (CCD), the influence of independent process variables, such as soy lecithin, cholesterol content and surfactant concentration, on dependent variables, such as entrapment effectiveness and vesicle size of naproxen transfersomes, was assessed. In vitro, ex-vivo, and in vivo drug release of formulations were also studied. Results: It was discovered that the NTG7 formulation of transfersomes had the maximum entrapment effectiveness and ideal vesicle diameter. The optimized NTG7 formulation displayed a maximum drug content of 97.4% and a maximum drug release of 88.03%. The release of naproxen from the final gel adhered to the Korsmeyer-Peppas release model. The ex-vivo drug release of the optimized formulation was found to be 85.91% for 24 h. The maximum drug concentration after oral administration was 843.54±7.67ng/ml, and Tmax was 3.0±0.08h. The improved formulation's AUC0-∞ was greater than the commercial formulation's. A higher drug concentration in the blood compared to the marketed formulation suggested better systemic absorption of naproxen from the gel formulation. After three months, at a temperature range of 2 to 8 °C, the formulation demonstrated correct semisolid consistency and good stability and there was also no appreciable change in the initial values of appearance, pH, and % drug content. Conclusion: The above findings imply that the gel created using naproxen-loaded transfersomes may be a potentially valuable new formulation.
Verified Real Number Calculations: A Library for Interval Arithmetic

Real number calculations on elementary functions are remarkably difficult to handle in mechanical proofs. In this paper, we show how these calculations can be performed within a theorem prover or proof assistant in a convenient and highly automated as well as interactive way. First, we formally establish upper and lower bounds for elementary functions. Then, based on these bounds, we develop a rational interval arithmetic where real number calculations take place in an algebraic setting. In order to reduce the dependency effect of interval arithmetic, we integrate two techniques: interval splitting and Taylor series expansions. This pragmatic approach has been developed, and formally verified, in a theorem prover. The formal development also includes a set of customizable strategies to automate proofs involving explicit calculations over real numbers. Our ultimate goal is to provide guaranteed proofs of numerical properties with minimal human theorem-prover interaction.