Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
AFFECTIVE, CONTINUANCE, AND NORMATIVE COMMITMENT TO THE ORGANIZATION: A META-ANALYSIS OF ANTECEDENTS, CORRELATES, AND CONSEQUENCES

Abstract The authors conducted meta-analyses to assess (a) relations among affective, continuance, and normative commitment to the organization and (b) relations between the three forms of commitment and variables identified as their antecedents, correlates, and consequences in Meyer and Allen's (1991) Three-Component Model. They found that the three forms of commitment are related yet distinguishable from one another as well as from job satisfaction, job involvement, and occupational commitment. Affective and continuance commitment generally correlated as expected with their hypothesized antecedent variables; no unique antecedents of normative commitment were identified. Also, as expected, all three forms of commitment related negatively to withdrawal cognition and turnover, and affective commitment had the strongest and most favorable correlations with organization-relevant (attendance, performance, and organizational citizenship behavior) and employee-relevant (stress and work–family conflict) outcomes. Normative commitment was also associated with desirable outcomes, albeit not as strongly. Continuance commitment was unrelated, or related negatively, to these outcomes. Comparisons of studies conducted within and outside North America revealed considerable similarity yet suggested that more systematic primary research concerning cultural differences is warranted.
Actual and Perceived Cues to Deception: A Closer Look at Speech

Previous research has shown both that speech can reliably reveal whether or not deception is occurring and that perceivers are often strongly influenced by speech in their judgments about deceit. Nonetheless, there are relatively few studies of verbal cues to deceit. In the present study, we examined specific verbal and paralinguistic cues that might reveal when deception is occurring or that might be used by perceivers in their attempts to detect deception; also, we examined quantitatively the correspondence between actual cues to deception and perceived cues to deception. For the cues that we studied, the degree to which the cues actually were associated with deception corresponded significantly to the degree to which perceivers used those cues as signs of deceit. When senders pretended to like people they really disliked, their descriptions were less positive and more neutral than when they honestly described people they really did like. When feigning disliking, senders uttered more nonfluences than wh.
A Comparison of Accelerometers for Predicting Energy Expenditure and Vertical Ground Reaction Force in School-Age Children

In this pilot study of 16 children, we evaluated the reliability and validity of three accelerometers (Mini-Motionlogger [MML], Computer Science Applications, Inc. Actigraph [CSA], and BioTrainer) as indicators of energy expenditure and vertical ground reaction force. The children wore 2 of each type of monitor while they walked, ran, and performed 2 jumping tasks on a force plate and walked, jogged, and ran on a treadmill. Intrainstrument reliability of the monitors ranged from . 64 to . 98 across the treadmill tasks and from . 69 to . 98 across the force plate tasks, with the MML and CSA appearing more consistent than the BioTrainer. Analyses of variance were conducted to compare activity counts with criterion measures (oxygen utilization and force plate scores). All of the monitors generally differentiated among the treadmill tasks, mirroring the change in oxygen utilization. The CSA monitors corresponded more closely to the changes in force plate scores than the BioTrainer or the MML. Simple regression analyses indicated that count scores from all of the monitors were associated with oxygen utilization, with the MML and CSA exhibiting stronger relations (R values = .81 and .83, respectively) than the BioTrainer (R= .60). Similar analyses between the activity monitors and the force plate scores were also significant but the relations were not as strong as for oxygen utilization (R values = .46, .51, and .52, respectively). Based on backward elimination regression analyses, caloric expenditure on the treadmill tasks was predicted significantly with each of the MML (37 and 38% of variance) and CSA (39 and 42% of variance) units when body mass was included in the model. For the BioTrainer counts to provide the best prediction of caloric expenditure, both body mass and height were retained in the model, resulting in 20 and 25% explained variance. Future research to evaluate the utility of accelerometers should employ tasks that prevent the confounding of force and caloric expenditure.
Differential expression of SUMO-specific protease 7 variants regulates epithelial–mesenchymal transition

Two Sentrin/small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO)-specific protease 7 (SENP7) variants are naturally expressed in breast epithelia. Breast cancer (BCa) onset down-regulates the short SENP7 splice variant (SENP7S) and enhances the long transcript (SENP7L). Here, we show that SENP7L induction promotes gene expression profiles that favor aberrant proliferation and initiate epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT). SENP7L exhibits an interaction domain for the epigenetic remodeler heterochromatin protein 1 α (HP1α) and isopeptidase activity against SUMO-modified HP1α. Loss of this interaction domain, as observed with SENP7S, favors HP1α SUMOylation. SUMOylated HP1α is enriched at E2F-responsive and mesenchymal gene promoters, silences transcription of these genes, and promotes cellular senescence. Elevated SENP7L renders HP1α hypo-SUMOylated, which relieves transcriptional repression of the same genes and concurrently decreases transcription of epithelial-promoting genes via an HP1α-independent mechanism. Consequently, SENP7L levels correlate with EMT, motility, and invasiveness of BCa cells. Stable knockdown of elevated SENP7L levels lessens the dissemination of highly metastatic BCa cells to the lungs from primary implantation sites in in vivo studies. Thus, differential splicing of the SENP7 regulates either tumor suppression or progression.
VLSI ARCHITECTURE FOR A RECONFIGURABLE SPECTRALLY EFFICIENT FDM BASEBAND TRANSMITTER

In the proposed project, an approach has been carried out for the implementation of SEFDM transmitter on FPGA using Very High Speed Integrated Circuit Hardware Description Language (VHDL). A rigorous and efficient mathematical framework, to represent non-orthogonal signals using Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform (IDFT) blocks, is proposed. The standard IDFT operations can be efficiently realized with the Inverse Fast Fourier transform (IFFT) algorithm. SEFDM systems propose bandwidth savings by multiplexing multiple non-orthogonal overlapping carriers. Xilinx 12.2 ISE software is used for optimization of the synthesizable VHDL code. The simulation is carried out using Modelsim 6.3f. Spartan-3-XC3S400 FPGA board is utilized for hardware evaluation.
Moving from technical and further education to university: an Australian study of mature students

Longitudinal research, conducted between 1999 and 2002, tracked the academic progress of a small sample of mature students entering the University of Tasmania, Australia, from a disadvantaged region of Tasmania to pursue degrees in accounting and education. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used to examine the impact of alternative selection methods, attendance at the Unistart induction program and continuing study support, on students’ academic progress and satisfaction with university. The progress of mature technical and further education (TAFE)‐background students compared with those who held school‐leaver qualifications is the particular focus of this paper. Findings reveal that TAFE‐background students overall perform academically on a par with other members of the cohort, but that they experience more study problems and less satisfaction during the first year. Induction programs and study support assist the first‐year transition and are associated with later academic success. Implications for wider policy are discussed.
Emotional Resilience in Young Adults Who Were Reared by Depressed Parents: The Moderating Effects of Offspring Religiosity/Spirituality

Extending previous research, the present study assessed a broad array of religiousity/spirituality (R/S) factors in order to identify specific facets that might be especially protective against intergenerational transmission of depressive symptoms. Results from 273 young adults who were reared in families characterized by high levels of parental depressive affect found that depressive symptoms in offspring were only related to one of the five dimensions of R/S examined: the frequency of daily spiritual experiences (DSE). Two facets of DSE were identified as being especially potent predictors of lesser depressive symptomology: (a) feelings of deep peace or harmony, and (b) the experience of gratitude.
Electrospun Nanofibers Made of Silver Nanoparticles, Cellulose Nanocrystals, and Polyacrylonitrile as Substrates for Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering

Nanofibers with excellent activities in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) were developed through electrospinning precursor suspensions consisting of polyacrylonitrile (PAN), silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs), and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs). Rheology of the precursor suspensions, and morphology, thermal properties, chemical structures, and SERS sensitivity of the nanofibers were investigated. The electrospun nanofibers showed uniform diameters with a smooth surface. Hydrofluoric (HF) acid treatment of the PAN/CNC/Ag composite nanofibers (defined as p-PAN/CNC/Ag) led to rougher fiber surfaces with certain pores and increased mean fiber diameters. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results confirmed the existence of AgNPs that were formed during heat and HF acid treatment processes. In addition, thermal stability of the electrospun nanofibers increased due to the incorporation of CNCs and AgNPs. The p-PAN/CNC/Ag nanofibers were used as a SERS substrate to detect p-aminothiophenol (p-ATP) probe molecule. The results show that this substrate exhibited high sensitivity for the p-ATP probe detection.
Ectopic bone formation in and soft-tissue response to P(CL/DLLA)/bioactive glass composite scaffolds.

OBJECTIVES To characterize biological response to subcutaneously implanted macroporous poly(ε-caprolactone/D,L-lactide)-based scaffolds, and to evaluate the effect of bioactive glass (BAG) filler and osteogenic cells to the tissue response and ectopic bone formation. MATERIAL AND METHODS In the first part of this study, six different scaffold types were screened in a rat subcutaneous implantation model. The polymer scaffolds with 70/30 caprolactone/lactide ratio and corresponding composites with < 45 μm BAG filler size were chosen for the further ectopic bone formation assay. The scaffolds were loaded with differentiating bone marrow stromal cells and implanted subcutaneously in syngeneic rats. RESULTS With plain scaffolds, only mild foreign body reaction with no signs of gross inflammation was observed after 4 weeks of implantation. Furthermore, the scaffolds were fully invaded by well-vascularized soft connective tissue. Overall, all the tested scaffold types showed an appropriate host response. With cell-seeded scaffolds, several loci of immature mineralizing tissue and small amounts of mature bone were observed after 4 weeks. The incidence of mature bone formation was two and four in polymer scaffolds and composites, respectively (n = 8). After twelve weeks, mature bone was observed in only one polymer scaffold but in seven composites (n = 8). Excluding bone formation, the host response was considered similar to that with cell-free scaffolds. CONCLUSIONS Plain scaffolds supported the ingrowth of well-vascularized fibroconnective tissue. Furthermore, cell seeded composites with BAG filler showed enhanced ectopic bone formation in comparison with corresponding neat polymer scaffolds.
Barriers and bridges to care: voices of homeless female adolescent youth in Seattle, Washington, USA.

AIM The purpose of this study was to conduct an assessment of reproductive health-seeking behaviours, sources of advice, and access to care issues among a sample of clinic-based homeless adolescent women. BACKGROUND Adolescent women are among the most vulnerable and medically underserved subgroups within the homeless population in the United States. Homeless youth are rarely invited to participate in research aimed at improving their access to appropriate health care. Also, the culture in which they live and the personal experience of being homeless are often not addressed. STUDY METHOD The research was descriptive, using focus groups and individual interviews with a purposeful sample of 20 female youth, aged 14-23 years. FINDINGS The women said that they seek health advice from other women, including their mothers even while they are homeless. They reported first trying self-care interventions, and going to clinics when self-care actions no longer worked. They stated that the main barriers to health care were lack of insurance, confusion over consent, transportation problems, lack of respect (from providers) for their own self-knowledge, and judgementalism from providers. CONCLUSION Using the concept of cultural competency, the results provide insights into how to improve communication and health care services for these women. RECOMMENDATIONS Health care providers need to recognize and appreciate the lifestyle, beliefs, and adaptive attitudes of homeless youth, rather than labelling them as 'deviant'. All personnel who interact with and on behalf of homeless youth must be adequately trained in general knowledge regarding the health of homeless youth as well as in an understanding of the role that culture plays in their health-seeking behaviours.
Resuscitation Fluids and Endotoxin-Induced Myocardial Dysfunction: Is Selection a Load-Independent Differential Issue?

ABSTRACT Along with redistributive shock, myocardial dysfunction is now recognized as highly prevalent in early severe sepsis. Indeed, aside from their distinct loading potency, resuscitation fluids have been poorly investigated as to their specific molecular impact on myocardial dysfunction. The objective of this study was to evaluate the load-independent biological impact of different resuscitation fluids on endotoxin-induced myocardial dysfunction. Adult rats implanted with a central venous catheter were given an intraperitoneal injection of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharides [LPSs], Escherichia coli, 10 mg/kg) or normal saline (sham) and subsequently infused or not with similar “fluid potency” loading resuscitation fluid (normal saline, albumin [Alb], or hypertonic saline solution) for 6 to 24 h, followed by echocardiographic and hemodynamic monitoring together with biochemical and histopathologic evaluation. Intervention was to assess the selective influence of load-independent fluid infusion on the aforementioned parameters in groups of animals challenged or not with LPS. At comparative plasma volumes, Alb improved myocardial homeostasis after LPS challenge by (i) reducing left ventricular relative wall diastolic thickness, interstitial space enlargement, and endogenous Alb content; (ii) limiting cardiac apoptosis and sustaining extracellular signal–regulated mitogen-activated protein kinase activation; and (iii) enhancing the expression pattern of heme-oxygenase 1/inducible nitric oxide synthase. Hypertonic saline solution was also cardioprotective by early prevention of myocardial dysfunction and by reducing cardiac apoptosis. Fluid infusions have distinct load-independent structural/biological impacts on endotoxin-induced myocardial dysfunction. Albumin and hypertonic saline solution are the most pleiotropic fluids in protecting the heart after a “sepsis” hit. ABBREVIATIONSLPSs — lipopolysaccharidesNS — normal salineAlb — albuminHO-1 — heme oxygenase 1iNOS — inducible nitric oxide synthaseNO — nitric oxideLVEDd — left ventricular end-diastolic diameterLVESd — left ventricular end-systolic diameterFS — fractional shorteningIVSD — end-diastolic interventricular septumLVRWD — end-diastolic left ventricular relative wallI-R – ischemia-reperfusionCO — cardiac outputPVR — peripheral vascular resistance
Avoidance motivation, risk perception and emotional processing

The present studies examined the moderating role of state motivation on the associations between trait avoidance motivation, risk perception and emotional processing. In Studies 1 and 2, avoidance or approach states were evoked in participants who then completed a risk perception task and a trait avoidance motivation measure. Both studies showed that trait avoidance only correlated with risk perceptions among individuals in approach state. In Study 3, emotional interpretation was measured. State and trait avoidance motivation did not interact in predicting emotional interpretation. The results showed that the effect of state motivation can explain the low correlations found between trait avoidance and risk perceptions, and suggested that the avoidance system may operate on an on–off principle rather than synergistically. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Level of Expertise, Interpolated Activity and Contextual Interference Effects on Memory and Transfer

Effects of contextual interference on memory and transfer were investigated using tasks of coincident anticipation in which subjects had to predict the arrival time of a light stimulus. Female sport-skill experts were compared to less experienced subjects. A cognitive-motor interpolated activity was performed by one group of subjects, and this condition was compared with blocked and variable practice conditions. This study investigated the 1985 hypothesis of Lee and Magill that forgetting the cognitive processing steps in the performance of a task would facilitate retention. Analysis indicated some support of Battig's predictions mote at retention than transfer but clearly did not support Lee and Magill's views on forgetting. Expertise was a significant factor in acquisition, retention, and transfer since sport experts responded with less error on almost all measures.
Studies of acquiescence as a factor in the true-false test.

“The true-false test has been studied to determine whether the hypothecated trait of acquiescence--the tendency to mark items ‘true’ rather than ‘false,’ when guessing--influences scores. Experimental data and theoretical considerations show that this tendency makes false items more valid and reliable than true items, reduces the range of test scores when the number of true and false items are equal, reduces the mean score when a majority of items are true, and lowers it when the majority are false, and causes the R-W correction formula to be inappropriate in many cases. ” (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2006 APA, all rights reserved)
Pseudorandom Generators for Group Products

We prove that the pseudorandom generator introduced in [INW94] fools group products of a given finite group. The seed length is O(log n log 1e ), where n the length of the word and e is the precision. The result is equivalent to the statement that the pseudorandom generator fools read-once permutation branching programs of constant width.
“I Just Kinda Know”: Elementary Students' Ideas about Historical Evidence

Abstract This study examined fourth and fifth graders' ideas about historical evidence through a year–long qualitative study of two classrooms. It identifies significant strengths in students' understanding of the reliability of sources but also points to drawbacks in their use of evidence to reach conclusions. Although students could examine sources critically, they rarely did so spontaneously, and when developing historical accounts they either ignored explicit consideration of the reliability of sources or treated all sources equally. These findings suggest that the use of evidence should be a continual and explicit focus of instruction, and that teachers should help students clarify the connection between their conclusions and the evidence which supports them. This study also suggests that students would benefit from a more cautious presentation of historical narratives, and that their interest in evidence might be increased by focusing on historical issues that continue to be significant in society.
Large Scale Spectral Clustering Via Landmark-Based Sparse Representation

Spectral clustering is one of the most popular clustering approaches. However, it is not a trivial task to apply spectral clustering to large-scale problems due to its computational complexity of O(n3) , where n is the number of samples. Recently, many approaches have been proposed to accelerate the spectral clustering. Unfortunately, these methods usually sacrifice quite a lot information of the original data, thus result in a degradation of performance. In this paper, we propose a novel approach, called landmark-based spectral clustering, for large-scale clustering problems. Specifically, we select p (≪ n) representative data points as the landmarks and represent the original data points as sparse linear combinations of these landmarks. The spectral embedding of the data can then be efficiently computed with the landmark-based representation. The proposed algorithm scales linearly with the problem size. Extensive experiments show the effectiveness and efficiency of our approach comparing to the state-of-the-art methods.
Clinical significance of chemosensitivity in chronic heart failure: influence on neurohormonal derangement, Cheyne-Stokes respiration and arrhythmias.

Increased chemosensitivity has been observed in HF (heart failure) and, in order to clarify its pathophysiological and clinical relevance, the aim of the present study was to investigate its impact on neurohormonal balance, breathing pattern, response to exercise and arrhythmic profile. A total of 60 patients with chronic HF [age, 66+/-1 years; LVEF (left ventricular ejection fraction), 31+/-1%; values are means+/-S.E. M. ] underwent assessment of HVR (hypoxic ventilatory response) and HCVR (hypercapnic ventilatory response), neurohormonal evaluation, cardiopulmonary test, 24-h ECG monitoring, and assessment of CSR (Cheyne-Stokes respiration) by diurnal and nocturnal polygraphy. A total of 60% of patients had enhanced chemosensitivity. Those with enhanced chemosensitivity to both hypoxia and hypercapnia (i.e. HVR and HCVR), compared with those with normal chemosensitivity, had significantly (all P<0.01) higher noradrenaline (norepinephrine) and BNP (B-type natriuretic peptide) levels, higher prevalence of daytime and night-time CSR, worse NYHA (New York Heart Association) class and ventilatory efficiency [higher VE (minute ventilation)/VCO(2) (carbon dioxide output) slope], and a higher incidence of chronic atrial fibrillation and paroxysmal non-sustained ventricular tachycardia, but no difference in left ventricular volumes or LVEF. A direct correlation was found between HVR or HCVR and noradrenaline (R=0.40 and R=0.37 respectively; P<0.01), BNP (R=0.40, P<0.01), N-terminal pro-BNP (R=0.37 and R=0.41 respectively, P<0.01), apnoea/hypopnoea index (R=0.57 and R=0.59 respectively, P<0.001) and VE/VCO(2) slope (R=0.42 and R=0.50 respectively, P<0.001). Finally, by multivariate analysis, HCVR was shown to be an independent predictor of both daytime and night-time CSR. In conclusion, increased chemosensitivity to hypoxia and hypercapnia, particularly when combined, is associated with neurohormonal impairment, worse ventilatory efficiency, CSR and a higher incidence of arrhythmias, and probably plays a central pathophysiological role in patients with HF.