Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Association Mining in Gradually Changing Domains

Association mining explores algorithms capable of detecting frequently co-occurring items in transactions. A transaction can be identified with a market basket—a list of items a customer pays for at the checkout desk. In this paper, we explore a framework for the detection of changes in the buying patterns, as affected by fashion, season, or the introduction of a new product. We present several versions of our algorithm and experimentally examine their behaviors in domains with gradually changing domains.
The motivational mechanisms underlying active and high-strain work: consequences for mastery and performance

ABSTRACT We test if the motivating potential of active work and the demotivating consequences of high-strain work can be explained by the “quality” of motivation experienced. Study 1, an experiment (N = 205), revealed active work maintained intrinsic motivation and identified regulation (compared to baseline). High-strain work decreased these motivations. Moreover, demand was negatively related to mastery only at low control, through reduced intrinsic motivation. Demand was negatively related to task performance at low control, through reduced identified regulation. Study 2, an online survey (N = 516 employees), revealed an energising effect of active work on intrinsic motivation and identified regulation, both of which had positive associations with job performance. A demotivating effect of high-strain work on intrinsic motivation was revealed, which had negative associations with job performance. In conclusion, internalised motivations are important mechanisms, through which active work protects and enhances mastery/performance, and through which high-strain work can deplete these outcomes.
A Return Map Regression Approach for Noncoherent Detection in Chaotic Digital Communications

Chaos-based communications can be applied advantageously if the property of chaotic systems is suitably exploited. In this Letter a simple noncoherent detection method for chaos-shift-keying (CSK) modulation is proposed, exploiting some distinguishable property of chaotic maps for recovering the digital message. Specifically, the proposed method exploits the difference in the return maps of the signals representing the digital symbols. The determining parameter of the return maps is estimated using a simple regression algorithm. If the parameter strongly characterizes the chaotic map, the detection can achieve very good accuracy. This strong parametric characterization can be achieved by defining the regression model with only one parameter. Using the tent maps as chaos generators, the bit-error-rate under additive white Gaussian noise is studied by computer simulations.
Digging up the Dirt on User Generated Content Consumption

Knowledge-sharing online social networks are becoming increasingly pervasive and popular. However, consumption of user generated content in these networks has not been studied extensively despite its signicant inuence on many social network behaviors. In this work, we study data gathered from digg.com and ireport.com for studying the creation and consumption behavior. We build on our prior work to explore how and why individuals consume content. We also extract creation and consumption features and construct a simple classication model for predicting whether a submission will be consumed in the future.
EARLY CHILDHOOD CONSULTATION PARTNERSHIP : RESULTS OF A RANDOM-CONTROLLED EVALUATION FINAL REPORT AND EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Acknowledgements This evaluation was supported by a grant from the Child Health and Development Institute of Connecticut. Judith Meyers provided considerable intellectual support for this evaluation and its dissemination. Crista Marchesseault coordinated the data collection and assisted with describing the ECCP service model. Liz Bicio and Sam Moy, both of Advanced Behavioral Health, were invaluable partners for the information they openly shared about the ECCP model and its implementation, as well as their willingness to discuss the emerging findings and potential program implications. Appreciation is also due to the many ECCP consultants and teachers who agreed to be a part of this evaluation.
Information-Seeking From Organizational Communication Sources During Healthcare Technology Change

This study collects survey data (n = 345) from a healthcare organization in the early stages of electronic health record (EHR) implementation to understand how a series of organizational communication sources—managers, coworkers, IT personnel, and online organizational sources—impact healthcare employees’ (a) EHR resistance and (b) perceptions of EHR’s relative advantage. Regression results reveal that the levels of EHR information employees sought from coworkers did not predict EHR resistance or perceived relative advantage. Seeking information from managerial sources enhances EHR’s perceived relative advantage and decreases affective EHR resistance but is not related to behavioral or cognitive EHR resistance. Seeking information from IT staff decreased all types of EHR resistance and increased EHR’s perceived relative advantage. Finally, seeking information from online organizational sources increased EHR’s perceived relative advantage and decreased behavioral and cognitive resistance but is not related to affective EHR resistance. Study implications and limitations are offered.
Cosmos++: Relativistic Magnetohydrodynamics on Unstructured Grids with Local Adaptive Refinement

A new code and methodology are introduced for solving the general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) equations in fixed background spacetimes using time-explicit, finite-volume discretization. The code has options for solving the GRMHD equations using traditional artificial viscosity (AV) or nonoscillatory central difference (NOCD) methods, or a new extended AV (eAV) scheme using artificial viscosity together with a dual energy/flux-conserving formulation. The dual-energy approach allows for accurate modeling of highly relativistic flows at boost factors well beyond what has been achieved to date by standard artificial viscosity methods. It provides the benefit of Godunov methods in capturing high Lorentz boosted flows, but without complicated Riemann solvers, and the advantages of traditional artificial viscosity methods in their speed and flexibility. In addition, the GRMHD equations are solved on an unstructured grid that supports local adaptive mesh refinement using a fully threaded oct-tree (in three dimensions) network to traverse the grid hierarchy across levels and immediate neighbors. A number of tests are presented to demonstrate robustness of the numerical algorithms and adaptive mesh framework over a wide spectrum of problems, boosts, and astrophysical applications, including relativistic shock tubes, shock collisions, magnetosonic shocks, Alfvén wave propagation, blast waves, magnetized Bondi flow, and the magnetorotational instability in Kerr black hole spacetimes.
In-Vehicle Pedestrian Detection Using Stereo Vision Technology

In the last three (3) decades, between 4378 (in 2008) and 8090 (in 1979) pedestrians were killed each year in motor vehicle related crashes, representing 11% to 17% of the total roadway fatalities. Although the numbers of pedestrian deaths have been in decline steadily since 1980, their distributions have become more and more concentrated in urban areas. There is an urgent need to develop reliable pedestrian detection technologies that can warn drivers in time to take corrective actions to avoid collision with pedestrians. This paper presents the research findings of the development of an in-vehicle pedestrian detection system using stereo vision technology. Stereo vision images contain both color and depth (distance) information of each pixel, giving researchers the option to implement more efficient filtering algorithms to quickly reduce the regions of interest (ROI). The developed system consists of one pair of stereo vision cameras, one vision accelerator, and one Dual Quad-Core computer. A layered approach was implemented to systematically remove irrelevant pixel regions, reject non-pedestrian objects, and then using pattern matching techniques to identify and track pedestrian like objects. The developed system can recognize pedestrian like objects, and other objects such as ground, vehicles, buildings, trees, and tall structures. It was tested under day light and twilight conditions. The completed system can process videos at 7 to 10 Hz rates, detect pedestrian like objects up to 30 meters away while driving at speed of up to 35 mph, and achieved a 90% overall positive detection rate. The project was funded under the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) Exploratory Advanced research Program.
A dynamic power saving mechanism

Despite the wide spread of interest to ad hoc networks and the rapid development in wireless communication technologies, energy consumption still remains a critical issue. The use of a low-power mode has been adopted by many approaches in the literature to conserve energy. It allows nodes to switch to the sleeping mode whenever possible to conserve energy. However, most of these approaches do not take into account the impact of such a mode on network capacity and performances. Combining the power saving mode and a clustering technique seems to be a promising approach. In this paper, we present a power saving approach which relies on a virtual infrastructure formed by elected clusterheads and gateways to conserve network capacity. The main contribution lies on the differentiation among packets based on the amount of network resources they have been so far consumed. The proposed structure of the beacon interval can be adjusted dynamically and locally by each node according to its own specific requirements. The good performance of our algorithm in terms of more energy saving and better network throughput is witnessed by extensive simulations under various traffic loads.
Dynein Promotes Achiasmate Segregation in Schizosaccharomyces pombe

Most organisms use crossovers (chiasmata) to maintain physical connections between homologous chromosomes that ensure their proper segregation at the first meiotic division. The fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe has a residual ability to segregate homologous chromosomes in the absence of meiotic recombination (achiasmate segregation). Using cytologically tagged chromosomes, we established a role for the microtubule motor dynein in meiotic chromosome segregation. Dhc1, the motor subunit of dynein, is required for chromosome segregation in both the presence and the absence of recombination. Dlc1, a member of the Tctex-1 dynein light-chain family, preferentially affects the segregation of achiasmate chromosomes. Dlc1 is the first identified protein, outside of Drosophila, that preferentially affects achiasmate chromosome segregation. We discuss possible roles of the dynein motor in this process.
Model Outlines : a Visual Language for DL Concept Descriptions 1

The development and use of ontologies may require users with no training in formal logic to handle complex concept descriptions. To aid such users, we propose a new visualization framework called “model outlines”, where more emphasis is placed on the semantics of concept descriptions than on their syntax. We present a rigorous definition of our visual language, as well as detailed algorithms for translating between model outlines and the description logicALCN . We have recently conducted a usability study comparing model outlines and Manchester OWL; here, we report on its results, which indicate the potential benefits of our visual language for understanding concept descriptions.
NOTES AND COMMENTS DRIVING FORCES BEHIND INFORMAL SANCTIONS

This paper investigates the driving forces behind informal sanctions in cooperation games and the extent to which theories of fairness and reciprocity capture these forces. We find that cooperators’ punishment is almost exclusively targeted toward the defectors, but the latter also impose a considerable amount of spiteful punishment on the cooperators. However, spiteful punishment vanishes if the punishers can no longer affect the payoff differences between themselves and the punished individual, whereas the cooperators even increase the resources devoted to punishment in this case. Our data also discriminate between different fairness principles. Fairness theories that are based on the assumption that players compare their own payoff to the group’s average or the group’s total payoff cannot explain the fact that cooperators target their punishment at the defectors. Fairness theories that assume that players aim to minimize payoff inequalities cannot explain the fact that cooperators punish defectors even if payoff inequalities cannot be reduced. Therefore, retaliation, i.e., the desire to harm those who committed unfair acts, seems to be the most important motive behind fairness-driven informal sanctions.
Classification of frequency response areas in the inferior colliculus reveals continua not discrete classes

• Neurons in the auditory midbrain, the inferior colliculus, are selectively sensitive to combinations of sound frequency and level as illustrated by their frequency/level receptive fields. Different receptive field shapes have been described, but we do not know if these represent discrete classes reflecting afferent inputs from individual sources, or a more complex pattern of integration. • In this study we used objective methods to analyse the receptive fields of over 2000 neurons in the guinea pig inferior colliculus. • Subjectively we identified seven different receptive field classes, but objectively these classes formed continua with many neurons having receptive field shapes intermediate to these extremes. • These findings are consistent with neurons receiving inhibitory inputs of different strength and frequency disposition but not consistent with neurons reflecting inputs only from individual brainstem nuclei. • These results are important for understanding the functional organisation of the inferior colliculus and its role in auditory processing.
AKARI/IRC broadband mid-infrared data as an indicator of the Star Formation Rate

Abstract With the goal of constructing Star-Formation Rates (SFR) from AKARI Infrared Camera (IRC) data, we analyzed an IR-selected GALEX-SDSS-2MASS-AKARI(IRC & Far-Infrared Surveyor) sample of 153 nearby galaxies. The far-infrared fluxes were obtained from AKARI diffuse maps to correct the underestimation for extended sources raised by PSF photometry. SFRs of these galaxies were derived using the SED fitting program CIGALE. In spite of complicated features contained in these bands, both the S9W and L18W emissions correlate with the SFR of galaxies. The SFR calibrations using S9W and L18W are presented for the first time. These calibrations agree well with previous work based on Spitzer data within the scatter, and should be applicable to dust-rich galaxies.
Purchasing Power Parity in Transition Countries: Panel Stationary Test with Smooth and Sharp Breaks

This study examines whether the long-run purchasing power parity (PPP) holds in transition economies (Bulgaria, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Romania and Russia) using monthly data over the 1995–2011 period. We apply a recently introduced panel stationary test, which accounts for sharp breaks and smooth shifts. The results indicate that the PPP holds only in two countries ( i.e. , Lithuania and Poland).
Identification of Pathways for Atherosclerosis in Mice: Integration of Quantitative Trait Locus Analysis and Global Gene Expression Data

We report a combined genetic and genomic analysis of atherosclerosis in a cross between the strains C3H/HeJ and C57BL/6J on a hyperlipidemic apolipoprotein E–null background. We incorporated sex and sex-by-genotype interactions into our model selection procedure to identify 10 quantitative trait loci for lesion size, revealing a level of complexity greater than previously thought. Of the known risk factors for atherosclerosis, plasma triglyceride levels and plasma glucose to insulin ratios were particularly strongly, but negatively, associated with lesion size. We performed expression array analysis for 23 574 transcripts of the livers and adipose tissues of all 334 F2 mice and identified more than 10 000 expression quantitative trait loci that either mapped to the gene encoding the transcript, implying cis regulation, or to a separate locus, implying trans-regulation. The gene expression data allowed us to identify candidate genes that mapped to the atherosclerosis quantitative trait loci and for which the expression was regulated in cis. Genes highly correlated with lesions were enriched in certain known pathways involved in lesion development, including cholesterol metabolism, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, and inflammation. Thus, global gene expression in peripheral tissues can reflect the systemic perturbations that contribute to atherosclerosis.
From Job-seekers to Self-searchers: Changing Contexts and Understandings of School-to-work Transitions

This article sheds new light on a key topic in youth research over recent decades; how young people often rely on individualistic frames of interpretation in understanding their own lives. Based on biographical interviews with two cohorts of skilled men in Norway, the article demonstrates relations between historically specific institutional contexts and the ways in which people understand their school-to-work transitions. Whereas the older cohort accounted for their transitions as embedded processes, the younger cohort, who entered the same occupations three decades later, viewed their transitions as determined by self-searching in institutionalized choice situations. The wider implication of this is that the vocabulary fostered by contemporary transition contexts may invite researchers to overemphasize discrete moments ruptured from process, and thus obscure the dynamic relations between history and biography (Mills, 1959). A life course perspective, with its emphasis on transitions as contextualized processes, represents a viable theoretical alternative.
On the Random Coding Exponent for Differential Modulation and Detection

The random coding exponent for differential modulation with finite signal sets over block-fading channels and multiple-symbol differential detection with an observation window size of N symbols is considered. Different from and in extension to previous work, the channel coherence interval is independent of N and the case of spatial transmit diversity is included. In this context, we also devise bounds and approximations of the random coding exponent, which allow for efficient numerical evaluation. The presented numerical results provide useful information on the performance of coded differential transmission with short to moderate code lengths
Text Languages in an Algebraic Framework

A text can be defined as a word w together with a (second) linear order on its domain {1,. , |w|}. This second order may be used to define a hierarchical, tree-like, structure representing the text. The family of context-free sets of texts is investigated, i.e., sets of texts defined by context-free text grammars. In particular, those sets of texts are studied in the framework of universal algebra. This allows to compare the classical notions of equational and recognizable families in an algebra with context-free sets in the “algebra of texts”. Within this algebra the notion of equational sets coincides with the context-free sets. A grammatical characterization of the family of recognizable sets is given as a subfamily of the context-free sets of texts.
Physical activity in the digital age : an empirical investigation into the motivational affordances of online fitness communities

Purpose: Online Fitness Communities are a recent phenomenon experiencing growing user bases. They can be considered as online social networks in which recording, monitoring and sharing of physical activity (PA) are the most prevalent practices. They have added a new dimension to the social experience of PA in which online peers function as virtual physical activity partners or supporters. However, research into seeking and receiving computermediated social support for physical activity is scarce. Our aim was to study to what extent using Online Fitness Communities and sharing physical activities with online social networks results in receiving various types of online social support. Method: Two databases, one containing physical activities logged with Strava and one containing physical activities logged with RunKeeper and shared on Twitter were investigated for occurrence and type of social support, by means of a deductive content analysis. Results: Results indicate that support delivered through Twitter is not particularly extensive. On Strava, social support is significantly more prevalent. Especially esteem support, expressed as compliments for the accomplishment of an activity, is provided on both Strava and Twitter. Conclusion: The results demonstrate that social media have potential as a platform used for providing social support for PA, but differences among various social network sites can be substantial. Especially esteem support can be expected, in contrast to online health communities, where information support is more common.
Modulation of Glucocorticoid Resistance in Pediatric T-cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia by Increasing BIM Expression with the PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor BEZ235

Purpose: The aim of our study is to evaluate the preclinical therapeutic activity and mechanism of action of BEZ235, a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor, in combination with dexamethasone in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Experimental Design: The cytotoxic effects of BEZ235 and dexamethasone as single agents and in combination were assessed in a panel of ALL cell lines and xenograft models. The underlying mechanism of BEZ235 and dexamethasone was evaluated using immunoblotting, TaqMan RT-PCR, siRNA, immunohistochemistry, and immunoprecipitation. Results: Inhibition of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway with the dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor BEZ235 enhanced dexamethasone-induced anti-leukemic activity in in vitro (continuous cell lines and primary ALL cultures) and systemic in vivo models of T-ALL (including a patient-derived xenograft). Through inhibition of AKT1, BEZ235 was able to alleviate AKT1-mediated suppression of dexamethasone-induced apoptotic pathways leading to increased expression of the proapoptotic BCL-2 protein BIM. Downregulation of MCL-1 by BEZ235 further contributed to the modulation of dexamethasone resistance by increasing the amount of BIM available to induce apoptosis, especially in PTEN-null T-ALL where inhibition of AKT only partially overcame AKT-induced BIM suppression. Conclusions: Our data support the further investigation of agents targeting the PI3K/mTOR pathway to modulate glucocorticoid resistance in T-ALL. Clin Cancer Res; 22(3); 621–32. ©2015 AACR.
Detecting reliability attacks during split fabrication using test-only BEOL stack

Split fabrication, the process of splitting an IC into an untrusted and trusted tier, facilitates access to the most advanced semiconductor manufacturing capabilities available in the world without requiring disclosure of design intent. While obfuscation techniques have been proposed to prevent malicious circuit insertion or modifications in the untrusted tier, detecting a pernicious reliability attack induced in the offshore foundry is more elusive. We describe a methodology for exhaustive testing of components in the untrusted tier using a specialized test-only metal stack for selected sacrificial dies.