Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interleukin-6-independent expression of glucocorticoid receptor is upregulated by triptolide in multiple myeloma

Glucocorticoids are widely used chemotherapeutic agents for multiple myeloma. Drug resistance to steroid therapies is associated with the downregulation or loss of glucocorticoid receptor expression in malignant plasma cells. In this study, we examined the constitutive expression of glucocorticoid receptor in dexamethasone-sensitive and dexamethasone-resistant multiple myeloma cell lines. We found that triptolide increased the amount of the phosphorylated glucocorticoid receptor and enhanced the growth inhibitory effect of dexamethasone. Notably, these effects could not be blocked by interleukin-6, one of the most important growth factors in multiple myeloma.
Age and Sex Differences in Children's Responses to Babies: Effects of Adults'Caretaking Requests and Instructions

BERMAN, PHYLLIS W. , and GOODMAN, VICKIE. Age and Sex Differences in Children's Responses to Babies: Effects of Adults' Caretaking Requests and Instructions. CHILD DEVELOPMENT, 1984, 55, 1071-1077. 48 day-care children (12 younger boys and 12 younger girls between 30 and 63 months old, and an equal number of older boys and girls between 69 and 92 months old) were each observed in individual interactions with an 8-19-month-old toddler. In a double-baseline design, children were observed, first after being asked to take care of the baby, and then after watching a male or female adult demonstrate appropriate interactions with the baby. Subjects' age interacted with subjects' sex so that older girls interacted with the baby the most and older boys the least. The sex difference was significant only among the older children. The demonstration reliably increased the baby-directed interactions of the older, but not the younger, children. Sex of demonstrator had no significant effect.
A Framework for Immersive Virtual Environments (FIVE): Speculations on the Role of Presence in Virtual Environments

This paper reviews the concepts of immersion and presence in virtual environments (VEs). We propose that the degree of immersion can be objectively assessed as the characteristics of a technology, and has dimensions such as the extent to which a display system can deliver an inclusive, extensive, surrounding, and vivid illusion of virtual environment to a participant. Other dimensions of immersion are concerned with the extent of body matching, and the extent to which there is a self-contained plot in which the participant can act and in which there is an autonomous response. Presence is a state of consciousness that may be concomitant with immersion, and is related to a sense of being in a place. Presence governs aspects of autonomie responses and higher-level behaviors of a participant in a VE. The paper considers single and multiparticipant shared environments, and draws on the experience of ComputerSupported Cooperative Working (CSCW) research as a guide to understanding presence in shared environments. The paper finally outlines the aims of the FIVE Working Group, and the 1995 FIVE Conference in London, UK.
Regulation of miR399f Transcription by AtMYB2 Affects Phosphate Starvation Responses in Arabidopsis1[W]

Although a role for microRNA399 (miR399) in plant responses to phosphate (Pi) starvation has been indicated, the regulatory mechanism underlying miR399 gene expression is not clear. Here, we report that AtMYB2 functions as a direct transcriptional activator for miR399 in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) Pi starvation signaling. Compared with untransformed control plants, transgenic plants constitutively overexpressing AtMYB2 showed increased miR399f expression and tissue Pi contents under high Pi growth and exhibited elevated expression of a subset of Pi starvation-induced genes. Pi starvation-induced root architectural changes were more exaggerated in AtMYB2-overexpressing transgenic plants compared with the wild type. AtMYB2 directly binds to a MYB-binding site in the miR399f promoter in vitro, as well as in vivo, and stimulates miR399f promoter activity in Arabidopsis protoplasts. Transcription of AtMYB2 itself is induced in response to Pi deficiency, and the tissue expression patterns of miR399f and AtMYB2 are similar. Both genes are expressed mainly in vascular tissues of cotyledons and in roots. Our results suggest that AtMYB2 regulates plant responses to Pi starvation by regulating the expression of the miR399 gene.
V2X solutions for real-time video collection

Quickly identifying the severity of highway acci-dents, as well as the resources required to assist the people involved in those accidents, is a basic requirement for future intelligent transportation systems. In this context, vehicular communication technologies currently being standardized are able to provide novel solutions to address this problem. In this work we study the feasibility of combining vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) communications to deliver a video stream from the place of the accident to the traffic authorities. Our approach relies on vehicles as data relays, thus having the additional advantage of providing drivers with a clear view about the accident, thereby helping to reduce stress and improving traffic flow. An experimental analysis comparing different traffic flooding mechanisms for wireless networks show that the proposed system is viable for highways with moderate/high amounts of traffic, although highlighting the need for more efficient mechanisms specifically addressing broadcast propagation in highway envi-ronments.
Traumatic brain injuries

The National Head Injury Foundation defines traumatic brain injury (TBI) as “an insult to the brain, not of a degenerative or congenital nature but caused by an external physical force, that may produce a diminished or altered state of consciousness, which results in an impairment of cognitive abilities or physical functioning. It can also result in the disturbance of behavioral or emotional function. These impairments may be either temporary or permanent and cause partial or total functional disability or psychosocial maladjustment” (Brain Injury Association of America, 2004). Approximately 1.5 million Americans sustain a brain injury (BI) each year. Of this number, 230,000 individuals are admitted to the hospital with diagnoses of mild to moderate TBI; 80,000 incur a TBI with a significant loss of function including the onset of long-term disability; and more than 50,000 people die as a result of their injury (CDC, 2004). Because TBI may result in lifetime impairments of an individual’s physical, cognitive, and psychosocial functioning, TBI is considered a condition of major public health significance (CDC, 2004). The economic impact of TBI is also significant. The estimated cost for acute care and rehabilitation is $9 to $10 billion annually. Average lifetime expenses for individuals with TBI range from $600,000 to $1,875,000. These figures may, however, underestimate the costs to families and society because they do not include lost wages and the costs associated with social service programs (CDC, 2004). The most common cause of TBI is motor vehicle accidents (MVA), which include bicycle and automobile-pedestrian accidents. Falls, acts of violence, and sports and recreational incidents are also responsible for many TBIs (CDC, 2004). Men are more frequently affected than women at a ratio of 2:1. The highest incidence of brain injury is among individuals 15 to 24 years of age and people over 75 (CDC, 2004). A high incidence of TBI is seen in infants and children. Child abuse, including shaken baby syndrome, falls, automobile accidents, and bicycle accidents are the primary causes of brain injury in children. The risk of severe brain injury in children can be reduced by 88 percent if children wear bicycle helmets (Fuller, 2003). It is difficult to predict an individual’s outcome after TBI. Several factors have been identified that may contribute to the person’s outcome after brain injury including: (1) the amount of immediate damage from the impact or insult; (2) the cumulative effects of secondary brain damage; (3) the individual’s pre-morbid cognitive characteristics such as intellect, level of education, and memory; (4) the presence or absence of substance abuse; and (5) the individual’s preinjury personality including the quality of interpersonal relationships and patient’s work history (Fulk and Geller, 2001; Winkler, 2001; Bontke and Boake, 1996).
Stimulation of cytokine production in clonal macrophage and T-cell models by Streptococcus thermophilus: comparison with Bifidobacterium sp. and Lactobacillus bulgaricus.

The effects of four commercial strains of Streptococcus thermophilus used in yogurt manufacturing on cytokine production were evaluated by using a macrophage model (RAW 264.7 cells) and a T-helper-cell model (EL4.IL-2 thymoma cells) and compared to immunologically active strains of Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Bifidobacterium adolescentis, and Bifidobacterium bifidum. All cytokines (TNF-alpha and IL-6 in RAW 264.7 cells and IL-2 and IL-5 in EL4.IL-2 cells) were affected by heat-killed S. thermophilus in a strain- and dose-dependent fashion. Organisms of all three genera induced significant increases in IL-6 production by the macrophage line ranging from 31- to 192-fold, with S. thermophilus St 133 showing the greatest activity. The four S. thermophilus strains also strongly induced TNF-alpha production (from 135- to 176-fold). IL-6 and, to a lesser extent, TNF-alpha production were also increased when the macrophages were costimulated with lipopolysaccharide and cells of the three groups of lactic acid bacteria. Upon concurrent stimulation of EL4.IL-2 cells with phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate, seven of the eight strains displayed significant enhancement of IL-2 and IL-5 production, with S. thermophilus being most effective. Taken together, the S. thermophilus strains stimulated macrophage and T-cell cytokine production to a similar or greater extent than did the species of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus. These and previous results lend further support to the contention that lactic acid bacteria, in a concentration-dependent manner, can differentially induce cytokine production in macrophages, but that the effects on T cells required a costimulatory signal and were less remarkable.
The Effects of Positive and Negative Mood on Divergent-Thinking Performance

Previous work has shown that positive mood may facilitate creative problem solving. However, studies have also shown positive mood may be detrimental to creative thinking under conditions favoring an optimizing strategy for solution. It is argued herein that the opposite effect is observed under conditions promoting loose processing and satisficing problem-solving strategies. The effects of positive and negative mood on divergent-thinking performance were examined in a quasi-experimental design. The sample comprised 188 arts and psychology students. Mood was measured with an adjective checklist prior to task performance. Real-life divergent-thinking tasks scored for fluency were used as the dependent variables. Results showed natural positive mood to facilitate significantly task performance and negative mood to inhibit it. The re was no effect of arousal. The results suggest that per sons in elevated moods may prefer satisficing strategies, which would lead to a higher number of proposed solutions. Perso.
Characteristics of Mothers and Fathers Who Talk to Their Adolescent Children About Sexuality

In an effort to determine some of the characteristics of parents who talk to their adolescent children about sexuality, 282 college students and their parents completed questionnaires measuring a number of psychological, family, and demographic variables. including sexual attitudes, sexual knowledge, the dimension of erotophobia- erotophilia, social desirability responses, religiosity, education, income, sex of child, quality of general family communication, and the extent that sex was dtscussed with parents. Complete and usable data were obtained from 271 mothers and 207 fathers. Multiple regression analyses were done for mothers and fathers using both the students' and the parents' reports of the extent of communication. The major predictors for mothers were openness in general family communication, sex of the child, and the extent that the mother's own mother discussed sexuality with her. For fathers, the major predictors were openness in general family communication, the extent that the father's own f.
No praise without effort: experimental evidence on how rewards affect Wikipedia's contributor community

The successful provision of public goods through mass volunteering over the Internet poses a puzzle to classic social science theories of human cooperation. A solution suggested by recent studies proposes that informal rewards (e.g. a thumbs-up, a badge, an editing award, etc.) can motivate participants by raising their status in the community, which acts as a select incentive to continue contributing. Indeed, a recent study of Wikipedia found that receiving a reward had a large positive effect on the subsequent contribution levels of highly-active contributors. While these findings are suggestive, they only pertained to already highly-active contributors. Can informal rewards also serve as a mechanism to increase participation among less-active contributors by initiating a virtuous cycle of work and reward? We conduct a field experiment on the online encyclopedia Wikipedia in which we bestowed rewards to randomly selected editors of varying productivity levels. Analysis of post-treatment activity shows that despite greater room for less-active contributors to increase their productive efforts, rewards yielded increases in work only among already highly-productive editors. On the other hand, rewards were associated with lower retention of less-active contributors. These findings suggest that the incentive structure in peer production is broadly meritocratic, as highly-active contributors accumulate the most rewards. However, this may also contribute to the divide between the stable core of highly-prodigious producers and a peripheral population of less-active contributors with shorter volunteer tenures.
Parsing Morphologically Rich Languages with (Mostly) Off-The-Shelf Software and Word Vectors

As a contribution to the 2014 SPMRL shared task on parsing morphologically rich languages, we show that it is now possible to achieve high dependency accuracy using existing parsers without the need for intricate multi-parser schemes even if only small amounts of training data are available. We further show that the impact of using word vectors on parsing quality heavily depends on the amount of morphological information that is available. In addition, we discuss the use of parser scores for selection of morphological lattice paths, showing that there is much discriminative power in syntactic parsers for morphological disambiguation.
Poverty and Inequality in India: A Re-Examination

This paper presents a new set of integrated poverty and inequality estimates for India and Indian states for 1987-88, 1993-94 and 1999-2000. The poverty estimates are broadly consistent with independent evidence on per-capita expenditure, state domestic product and real agricultural wages. They show that poverty decline in the 1990s proceeded more or less in line with earlier trends. Regional disparities increased in the 1990s, with the southern and western regions doing much better than the northern and eastern regions. Economic inequality also increased within states, especially within urban areas, and between urban and rural areas. We briefly examine other development indicators, relating for instance to health and education. Most indicators have continued to improve in the nineties, but social progress has followed very diverse patterns, ranging from accelerated progress in some fields to slowdown and even regression in others. We find no support for sweeping claims that the nineties have been a period of "unprecedented improvement" or "widespread impoverishment".
Sharing radio resources in hierarchical cell structures utilizing slow frequency hopping

One way to decrease total system cost and improve efficiency in future mobile communication systems is a structure with cells covering the same area. This is often referred to as a hierarchical cell structure, HCS. We investigate the novel option of using slow frequency hopping, SFH, to combat interference between layers in an HCS where the same spectrum is used in all layers to avoid trunking losses and frequency planning between layers. We compare, in terms of capacity, the alternative of splitting the available bandwidth in separate parts. Results show that SFH manages to handle the inter-layer interference of an HCS if adequate admission and power control is used, but splitting the spectrum gives higher capacity.
From Innovative I.S. Strategy to Customer Value: The Roles of Innovative Business Orientation, CIO Leadership and Organizational Climate

While information systems (IS) have traditionally been used primarily for firm-wide operational efficiency, emerging theoretical perspectives have shifted scholarly focus to IS as a force that can drive value through business innovation. This study examines how IS strategy creates customer value through an innovative business orientation and how IS leadership and the organizational context can influence the relationship between innovative IS and business strategies. Integrating several research streams under the umbrella of the IS strategic management literature, we develop and empirically validate a research model based on confirmatory analysis and structural equation modeling applied to survey data collected from senior IS executives in 165 organizations based in the United States and India. Our results suggest that organizations that have an innovative IS strategy are well positioned to engage in business innovation, which in turn yields greater customer value. Furthermore, we find that strong IS leadership and a creative organizational climate enhance the relationship between an innovative IS strategy and innovative business orientation.
Allergy assessment in children with eosinophilic esophagitis.

■ Abstract Background: Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is of growing interest for pediatricians and allergists. There is no general agreement about diagnostic and clinical management procedures. The objective of this prospective, observational study was to evaluate the effi cacy of a protocol for the etiologic diagnosis and accurate treatment of EoE in the pediatric population. Patients and Methods: Starting in 2001, patients aged 0 to 14 years with a diagnosis of EoE were consecutively included in a protocol which included an allergy study. Depending on the results, an avoidance or elemental diet was established. Topical corticosteroids were prescribed to patients who rejected the diet. Clinical, endoscopic, and histological evaluation was performed to assess response. In the case of disease remission, challenge tests were performed to identify the offending food. Results: Seventeen patients were included. Most of them were male (14/17) and a high percentage (88%) had a history of allergy as well as a history of atopy in parents. Fifteen patients were sensitized to 1 or more foods. With this protocol and the subsequent treatment, 9 out of 17 patients were cured (1 out of 4 with swallowed corticosteroids, 3 out of 3 with an elemental diet, and 5 out of 12 with an avoidance diet). The offending food was identifi ed in 8/17 patients. Milk and eggs were the most common foods implicated. Conclusions: The allergy study was a useful diagnostic tool but it was not suffi cient to identify the offending food. An elemental diet should be attempted before food is excluded as the cause of the disease.
Attitudes of high school students and teachers towards Muslims and Islam in a southeastern Australian community

This study investigated attitudes of Australian high school students and teachers towards Muslims and Islam in two suburban high schools in the Logan/Brisbane area of southeastern Australia. Subjects (N = 156) responded to a questionnaire consisting of 24 survey items. Frequency, percentage distribution, and content analysis were performed. It was found that, generally, more respondents disagree with the negative stereotypes of Muslims as the media tend to present them. A majority of the respondents demonstrated positive attitudes towards Muslims and Islam, and strongly support the idea of multicultural coexistence in Australia. Recommendations are given in light of the research findings.
In Praise of Bureaucracy

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Heuristic Search for Structural Constraints in Data Association

The research on multi-object tracking (MOT) is essentially to solve for the data association assignment, the core of which is to design the association cost as discriminative as possible. Generally speaking, the match ambiguities caused by similar appearances of objects and the moving cameras make the data association perplexing and challenging. In this paper, we propose a new heuristic method to search for structural constraints (HSSC) of multiple targets when solving the problem of online multi-object tracking. We believe that the internal structure among multiple targets in the adjacent frames could remain constant and stable even though the video sequences are captured by a moving camera. As a result, the structural constraints are able to cut down the match ambiguities caused by the moving cameras as well as similar appearances of the tracked objects. The proposed heuristic method aims to obtain a maximum match set under the minimum structural cost for each available match pair, which can be integrated with the raw association costs and make them more elaborate and discriminative compared with other approaches. In addition, this paper presents a new method to recover missing targets by minimizing the cost function generated from both motion and structure cues. Our online multi-object tracking (MOT) algorithm based on HSSC has achieved the multi-object tracking accuracy (MOTA) of 25.0 on the public dataset 2DMOT2015[1].