Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Small-world networks in professional football: conceptual model and data

The aim of this study was to verify whether interactions taking place between professional football players are compatible with the concept of small world networks. We observed 30 matches and analysed 7.583 collective offensive actions, since the beginning of possession of the ball to their loss, including: passes completed, passes received and crosses, involving a total of 22.518 intra-team interactions in the Portuguese Premier League, corresponding to all 2010/2011 season. The players were classified based on their tactical intervention region and movements, through four sectors: 1) goalkeepers; 2) defenders; 3) midfielders, and 4) forwards. Performance data was analysed using the Match Analysis Software Amisco ® (version 3.3.7.25). We analysed the relevant actions typically used during offensive phases, including: passes to teammates, crosses into the penalty box and ball receptions. The results suggest that players’ interactive behaviours within a football match support the existence of a scale free network. Defenders and midfielders are the athletes presenting the highest level of connectivity with their teammates. It was concluded that network analysis might be useful to shed some light on the individual contributions to the collective team performance and provide insights on how creative and organizing individuals might act to orchestrate team strategies. This suggests that the proposed methodology can be used to characterize the collective behaviours that emerge through cooperation and competition between players during football matches.
Immune responses to the lipopolysaccharides and capsular polysaccharides of Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae in convalescent and immunized pigs

The immunologic responses to a smooth-type lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (HpS-LPS), a rough-type LPS (HpR-LPS), and a capsular-enriched polysaccharide preparation (HpC-PS) purified from Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae were determined in pigs immunized with a commercial H. pleuropneumoniae cellular vaccine, in pigs experimentally infected with H. pleuropneumoniae, in control pigs, and in immunized rabbits. The ability of the preparations to induce lymphocyte blastogenesis and B-cell activation was determined in the pigs and compared with the responses induced by the LPS of Escherichia coli O111:B4 and the LPS of Salmonella minnesota Re595. All the LPS preparations acted to induce proliferation of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) from all pigs. The blastogenic response of PBL from H. pleuropneumoniae-infected pigs to HpS-LPS and HpR-LPS was significantly (P less than 0.05) greater than that of PBL from immunized and control pigs. HpC-PS did not induce a blastogenic response in the PBL of control pigs but did in PBL from H. pleuropneumoniae-infected pigs and to a greater degree in immunized pigs. An increase in the response of PBL to the S. minnesota LPS occurred only in the H. pleuropneumoniae-infected pigs. Significantly more (P less than 0.05) immunoglobulin-secreting cells (ISC) were induced in a reverse hemolytic plaque assay by stimulation with HpS-LPS and HpC-PS of PBL isolated from pigs infected with H. pleuropneumoniae than of PBL from immunized pigs. Increasing the number of T cells increased the number of ISC induced by HpS-LPS in control and immunized pigs, but not in convalescent pigs. The presence of macrophages reduced activation of ISC by HpS-LPS in control pigs and to a lesser degree in immunized pigs, whereas in H. pleuropneumoniae-infected pigs macrophages enhanced the induction of ISC by HpS-LPS. In immunized pigs, macrophages acted to inhibit the ability of HpC-PS to induce ISC. Serologic studies indicate that HpC-PS contains strain- and serotype-specific antigens; that HpS-LPS has both serotype-specific and cross-reacting species-specific antigens; and that HpR-LPS does not contain detectable serotype-specific antigens but does have both non species- and species-specific antigens. These studies show that the serotype-specific protection provided by immunization of pigs with an H. pleuropneumoniae cellular vaccine is principally the result of immunity to capsular antigens and that a weak cellular immune response occurs as compared with that induced by infection with H. pleuropneumoniae. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Evaluation of the Biomechanics of the Hip following a Triple Osteotomy of the Innominate Bone

The biomechanics of the hip joint were evaluated in seventeen patients (twenty-two hips), twelve to forty-one years old (mean, twenty-four years old), who had a triple osteotomy of the innominate bone for treatment of symptomatic dysplasia of the hip. The duration of follow-up ranged from 2.2 to 13.8 years (mean, 6.8 years). Hip load, the area of the weight-bearing surface, and stress were determined from measurements on pelvic radiographs that were made preoperatively, postoperatively, and at the time of the latest follow-up; the values were compared with those in twenty-one hips from control subjects. The Harris hip-rating system was used for clinical assessment. According to the biomechanical analysis, there was significantly less relative stress on the hip after the triple osteotomy and at the time of the latest follow-up (p < 0.001 for both) than there had been preoperatively. The decrease in stress was a direct result of a significant increase in the area of the weight-bearing surface of the hip (p < 0.001). The load on the hip was not altered significantly, with the numbers available. The functional outcome was improved substantially when the biomechanical goals were achieved. Through the application of basic biomechanical principles, we were able to demonstrate the biomechanical efficacy of a triple osteotomy of the innominate bone. We recommend the use of biomechanical analysis as an adjunct to the clinical decision-making process in the treatment of a dysplastic hip.
Chemoprevention of Colorectal Cancer by Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Is Accompanied by a Decrease in Proliferation and Increase in Apoptosis

Abstract: Effects of proanthocyanidin (PA), procyanidin B-2 (B-2), and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic preneoplastic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) formation were investigated using F344 rats. The numbers of total ACF in rats treated with 0.002% PA and 0.05% B-2 were significantly decreased compared with the AOM alone group (control). Cell proliferation in the colon, as shown by proliferating cells nuclear antigen (PCNA), was also reduced in those treatments. The single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) labeling index, a marker for apoptosis, was significantly increased in 0.002% PA and 0.05% B-2 groups compared with control. Moreover, the numbers of CD11b/c+ cells (macrophages) and NKR-P1A+ cells (NK cells) in the all groups were significantly increased compared with control. In an in vitro study using rat colon cancer cell line RCN-9, PA, especially 5-10mer of PA (PA5/10), strong growth inhibition was shown. PA5/10 caused the most remarkable apoptosis as cleared by FACS analysis. These cells showed significantly increased caspase-3 activity. The results would suggest that the PA, especially PA5/10, might strongly enhance caspase-3 activity and cause apoptosis in cancer cells. PA at fairly low doses in the long term might serve as an effective means for preventing colon carcinogenesis.
Incorporating Gene Annotation into Genomic Prediction of Complex Phenotypes

Gao et al. propose several approaches to incorporate gene annotation into genomic prediction and evaluate these new methods on populations. Today, genomic prediction (GP) is an established technology in plant and animal breeding programs. Current standard methods are purely based on statistical considerations but do not make use of the abundant biological knowledge, which is easily available from public databases. Major questions that have to be answered before biological prior information can be used routinely in GP approaches are which types of information can be used, and at which points they can be incorporated into prediction methods. In this study, we propose a novel strategy to incorporate gene annotation into GP of complex phenotypes by defining haploblocks according to gene positions. Haplotype effects are then modeled as categorical or as numerical allele dosage variables. The underlying concept of this approach is to build the statistical model on variables representing the biologically functional units. We evaluate the new methods with data from a heterogeneous stock mouse population, the Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel (DGRP), and a rice breeding population from the Rice Diversity Panel. Our results show that using gene annotation to define haploblocks often leads to a comparable, but for some traits to a higher, predictive ability compared to SNP-based models or to haplotype models that do not use gene annotation information. Modeling gene interaction effects can further improve predictive ability. We also illustrate that the additional use of markers that have not been mapped to any gene in a second separate relatedness matrix does in many cases not lead to a relevant additional increase in predictive ability when the first matrix is based on haploblocks defined with gene annotation data, suggesting that intergenic markers only provide redundant information on the considered data sets. Therefore, gene annotation information seems to be appropriate to perceive the importance of DNA segments. Finally, we discuss the effects of gene annotation quality, marker density, and linkage disequilibrium on the performance of the new methods. To our knowledge, this is the first work that incorporates epistatic interaction or gene annotation into haplotype-based prediction approaches.
Higher light intensity induces modulations in brain activity even during regular daytime working hours

We investigated the effect of exposure to bright white light as compared to a commonly experienced illuminance (1000 lx vs. 200 lx at eye level, 4000 K) on electroencephalography spectral power density during daytime. Spectral power density was measured during one hour of exposure in the morning and in the afternoon. Results showed a lower relative power density in the theta range under bright light. In the morning, relative alpha power was also lower under exposure to 1000 lx. The current findings extend earlier results on the effect of illuminance on alertness and arousal in the late evening and at night. Moreover, they largely corroborate results on subjective experience and sustained attention during daytime, and together suggest higher alertness under brighter light even for daytime exposure in everyday situations.
Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetics of MAP0004 (orally-inhaled DHE) in adult asthmatics.

BACKGROUND MAP0004 (a proprietary formulation of dihydroergotamine mesylate [DHE]) for inhaled delivery is being developed for acute migraine treatment. Because asthma and migraine often occur as co-morbid conditions, it is considered important to study the safety of MAP0004 in a population of asthmatic adults and to confirm that the pharmacokinetics of DHE, when inhaled by asthmatic subjects, were comparable to a population of healthy volunteers. The safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of orally-inhaled MAP0004 administered by the Tempo inhaler were studied in adult asthmatics. SCOPE This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of two doses of inhaled MAP0004. Eligible subjects were randomized in a 2 : 1 ratio to MAP0004 or placebo and observed for 4 h after each dose. Pharmacokinetic parameters were determined pre-dose and up to 36 h post-dose. FINDINGS Among 19 subjects, geometric mean AUC(0-36) was 6754 pg.h/mL and geometric mean AUC(0-inf) was 7483 pg.h/mL. Geometric mean t(max) was 9.6 min, geometric mean C(max) was 3174 pg/mL, and geometric mean t((1/2)) was 9.5 h. Overall, 13 of 19 (68%) subjects reported at least one adverse event, most commonly nausea, vomiting, dysgeusia, and headache. CONCLUSION MAP0004 results in rapid and efficient systemic absorption in asthmatic subjects. Systemic DHE concentrations were similar to those previously reported in healthy subjects, and no clinically relevant safety issues were observed. While this small study was suitable for pharmacokinetic analysis and conclusions, MAP0004 use in migraineurs with concomitant stable asthma should be supported by larger studies of longer duration to confirm that it does not present additional safety risks compared to non-asthmatic migraineurs.
Orphans and vulnerable youth in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe: An exploratory study of psychosocial well-being and psychosocial support

Children and youth affected by AIDS typically face a wide range of stressful events and circumstances including poverty the loss of caregivers and loved ones having to drop out of school the burden of adult-like responsibilities and social isolation. Increasingly programs for orphans and vulnerable children are addressing not only their material and educational needs but their psychosocial needs as well. Yet there has been little research on how to evaluate psychosocial support (PSS) programs and the impact of these programs on vulnerable youths psychosocial well-being. This report presents findings from an exploratory study by the Regional Psychosocial Support Initiative (REPSSI) and Catholic Relief Services Support to Replicable Innovative Village/Community-level Efforts (STRIVE) Program of vulnerable youth living in and around Bulawayo Zimbabwe. It describes their demographic characteristics exposure to stress and trauma and psychosocial well-being. The report also highlights the relationships between psychosocial well-being outcomes and exposure to stress and trauma and the differences in psychosocial well-being between males and females orphaned and nonorphaned youth and younger and older adolescents. In addition the report explores the relationships between exposure to different psychosocial support programs and measures of psychosocial well-being and distress. The report concludes with program and research implications. (excerpt)
Identification of Differentially-Expressed Genes Associated with Pistil Abortion in Japanese Apricot by Genome-Wide Transcriptional Analysis

The phenomenon of pistil abortion widely occurs in Japanese apricot, and imperfect flowers with pistil abortion seriously decrease the yield in production. Although transcriptome analyses have been extensively studied in the past, a systematic study of differential gene expression has not been performed in Japanese apricot. To investigate genes related to the pistil development of Japanese apricot, high-throughput sequencing technology (Illumina) was employed to survey gene expression profiles from perfect and imperfect Japanese apricot flower buds. 3,476,249 and 3,580,677 tags were sequenced from two libraries constructed from perfect and imperfect flower buds of Japanese apricot, respectively. There were 689 significant differentially-expressed genes between the two libraries. GO annotation revealed that highly ranked genes were those implicated in small molecule metabolism, cellular component organisation or biogenesis at the cellular level and fatty acid metabolism. According to the results, we assumed that late embryogenesis abundant protein (LEA), Dicer-like 3 (DCL3) Xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase 2 (XTH2), Pectin lyase-like superfamily protein (PPME1), Lipid transfer protein 3 (LTP3), Fatty acid biosynthesis 1 (FAB1) and Fatty acid desaturase 5 (FAD5) might have relationships with the pistil abortion in Japanese apricot. The expression patterns of 36 differentially expressed genes were confirmed by real-time (RT)-PCR. This is the first report of the Illumina RNA-seq technique being used for the analysis of differentially-expressed gene profiles related to pistil abortion that both computationally and experimentally provides valuable information for the further functional characterisation of genes associated with pistil development in woody plants.
Comparison of two different methods of fiber-optic nasal intubation: conventional method versus facilitated method (NASAL-18)

Abstract Objectives. As the conventional fiber-optic nasal intubation technique has several potential difficulties, we compared in this study another technique (NASAL-18) with the conventional one in attempting fiber-optic nasal intubation with a possible higher rate of success. Methods. A randomized controlled trial was carried out at a teaching hospital. Forty-eight patients aged 25–45 years with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classes I and II undergoing elective faciomaxillary surgery were allocated to two groups of fiberscopic nasal intubation using either the NASAL-18 technique or the conventional method (control). In the NASAL-18 group, a nasal tube was gently inserted into the nasopharynx till mark 18, then a fiberscope with 41 cm length was glided over it and advanced through the nasal cavity till the glottis could be visualized. Finally the nasal tube was rolled over the fiberscope instead of one-step passage of the nasal tube after visualization of glottis in the controls. Times from the start of insertion of the fiberscope into nares till visualization of vocal cord (T1) and from here to complete intubation (T2) were recorded. These times were compared between the two groups. Results. T1 values in NASAL-18 and control groups were 65.2 ± 33.2 and 151.0 ± 56.5 seconds, respectively (P < 0.0001). T2 durations were measured as 25.1 ± 18.5 and 21.8 ± 10.1 seconds in control and NASAL-18 groups, respectively (P = 0.45). The NASAL-18 group had a success rate of 83% compared to 66.7% in the control group. Conclusions. The NASAL-18 method reduces the time needed for successful fiber-optic intubation. This method can be added to the list of techniques in facilitating fiber-optic intubation.
Transfer of learning in avoiding false memory: The roles of warning, immediate feedback, and incentive

Participants learned semantic associates and were tested in the Deese–Roediger–McDermott (DRM) paradigm. A multiple-trial learning procedure with warning, feedback, and monetary incentive was employed to reduce false memory. Results showed that there was a progressive reduction of false memory over the trials as well as a generalization of learning to new lists of words in avoiding the critical nonpresented words attributable to explicit warning, feedback, and incentive, respectively. Both the feedback and the monetary incentive had an effect beyond what an explicit warning could obtain. In addition, participants were found to achieve false-memory reduction by enhancing the activation of the critical words and the monitoring process, rather than by strengthening the verbatim processing of the list words. It was concluded that false memory may not be as impervious to correction as was believed insofar as an effective training method is applied.
Social Activism in and Around Organizations

AbstractOrganizations are frequent targets for social activists aiming to influence society by first altering organizational policies and practices. Reflecting a steady rise in research on this topic, we review recent literature and advance an insider-outsider framework to help explicate the diverse mechanisms and pathways involved. Our framework distinguishes between different types of activists based on their relationship with targeted organizations. For example, “insider” activists who are employees of the target organization have certain advantages and disadvantages when compared with “outsider” activists who are members of independent social movement organizations. We also distinguish between the direct and indirect (or spillover) effects of social activism. Much research has focused on the direct effects of activism on targeted organizations, but often the effects on non-targeted organizations matter more for activists goals of achieving widespread change. Drawing on this framework, we identify and .
Deep Semantic Role Labeling with Self-Attention

Semantic Role Labeling (SRL) is believed to be a crucial step towards natural language understanding and has been widely studied. Recent years, end-to-end SRL with recurrent neural networks (RNN) has gained increasing attention. However, it remains a major challenge for RNNs to handle structural information and long range dependencies. In this paper, we present a simple and effective architecture for SRL which aims to address these problems. Our model is based on self-attention which can directly capture the relationships between two tokens regardless of their distance. Our single model achieves F1=83.4 on the CoNLL-2005 shared task dataset and F1=82.7 on the CoNLL-2012 shared task dataset, which outperforms the previous state-of-the-art results by 1.8 and 1.0 F1 score respectively. Besides, our model is computationally efficient, and the parsing speed is 50K tokens per second on a single Titan X GPU.
Mapping the literature of health education: 2006-2008.

OBJECTIVES The study updates Schloman's 1997 study, "Mapping the Literature of Health Education. " The authors identify an updated list of core health education journals and determine the coverage of these journals by electronic indexes. METHODS Citations from four source journals for the years 2006 to 2008 were analyzed using the established methodology of the "Mapping the Literature of Allied Health Project. " The cited journals were divided into three zones of productivity by using Bradford's Law of Scattering. RESULTS There were 19,907 citations in 602 source articles. Journal articles were the most commonly cited format type. Of the 1,896 journal titles cited, 20 (1.1%) made up the core journals. Together, the fields of medicine, health education, and psychology accounted for 85.0% of the journals in the core. Self-citation was found to be a common practice in the source journals. Scopus had the broadest journal coverage of the indexes examined. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study provide a new picture of the health education literature: The volume has grown significantly, cites older materials, and relies less on sexual health journals and more on psychology journals.