Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Rapid Oscillation Fault Detection and Isolation for Distributed Systems via Deterministic Learning

In this paper, a rapid detection and isolation scheme for oscillation faults in a distributed nonlinear system is proposed. The distributed nonlinear system considered is modeled as a set of interconnected subsystems. First, a local learning and merging method based on deterministic learning theory is proposed to obtain knowledge of the unknown interconnections and the fault functions. Second, using learned knowledge, a bank of consensus-based dynamical estimators are constructed for each subsystem, and average L1 norms of the residuals are generated to make the detection and isolation decisions. Third, a rigorous analysis for characterizing the detection and isolation capabilities of the proposed scheme is given. The attraction of the intelligence fault diagnosis approach is to give a fast response to faults using the learned knowledge and processing huge data in a dynamical and distributed manner. Simulation studies are included to demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach.
The effect of letrozole with misoprostol for medical termination of pregnancy on the expression of steroid receptors in the placenta.

STUDY QUESTION What is the effect of letrozole on the expression of steroid receptors in the placentae in cases of termination of pregnancies? SUMMARY ANSWER The expression of estrogen receptor-α (ERα) and progesterone receptor (PR) transcripts, as well as ERα protein, in placentae was suppressed by letrozole pretreatment in second trimester termination of pregnancy. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY There have been no data in the literature on the effect of letrozole in termination of human pregnancies. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION This study is part of a clinical randomized trial in which 50 subjects were recruited and 44 placentae were collected. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Women (n = 50) requesting second trimester abortion between 12 and 20 gestational weeks were randomized to receive either letrozole or placebo pretreatment for 3 days before administration of vaginal misoprostol. Placentae were collected from both groups of women after the abortion. Total RNA from the frozen placenta samples was extracted and subjected to real-time RT-PCR analysis of ERα and estrogen receptor-β (ERβ), PR and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) transcripts. Immunohistochemical studies of ERα, ERβ, PR and GR expression, as well as Ki67 and PCNA staining for proliferation, were performed. TUNEL assays were performed to determine the extent of apoptosis. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Real-time RT-PCR demonstrated that the median ERα {3.900 [95% confidence interval (CI): -0.643-8.443] in the letrozole group versus 4.714 (95% CI: 1.776-7.652) in the control group; P = 0.005} and the median PR [0.701 (95% CI: 0.333-1.069) in the letrozole group versus 1.774 (95% CI: 1.07-2.478) in the control group; P = 0.003] were significantly lower in the letrozole group compared with the control group. Furthermore, ERα protein levels, in both syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblasts but not in villous stromal cells, were significantly reduced [H-score of 113 (95% CI: 103-119) in the letrozole group versus 217 (95% CI: 214-290) in the control group, in syncytiotrophoblasts; 100 (95% CI: 98-105) in the letrozole group versus 210 (95% CI: 200-286) in the control group, in cytotrophoblasts; P = 0.004], while the expression levels of ERβ, PR, GR, PCNA, Ki67 and TUNEL were not significantly different between the two groups. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Only the placentae from the second trimester termination of pregnancy were collected in this study. Information from first trimester terminations is still lacking. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS The results shed some light on the mechanism of action of letrozole pretreatment in termination of pregnancies. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This study was funded by the GRF/RGC and CRCG grants of the University of Hong Kong. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER HKClinicalTrials.com with trial number HKCTR-695.
Tanking, Shirking, and Running Dead: The Role of Economics and Large Data Sets in Identifying Competition Corruption and its Causes

Abstract This paper will offer an economic history perspective on match-fixing based on economic models which explain corruption as a rational decision-making process in which a potentially corrupt athlete weighs up various probabilities. Examples will be taken from sport worldwide including American college sports, NBA basketball, British horseracing, Australian Rules football, and sumo wrestling in Japan where large databases of actual results over time have allowed possible patterns of match-fixing (as opposed to individual instances) to be identified by the use of probability theory.
Cross-Cultural Differences in Perception of Physical Attractiveness

This study investigated cross-cultural differences in perception of physical attractiveness. Twenty-two international students (11 women and 11 men) and 22 White American students (11 women and 11 men) participated in the experiment. The participants rated physical attractiveness of portrait models (18 black-and-iuhite college yearbook photographs of White American students; 9 men and 9 women) on a 5-point Likert scale. American participants perceived photographs of American students as more attractive than did European participants (p < .001). Sex of the participants did not affect the ratings. The results of the study support the existence of cultural influences on perception of physical attractiveness.
Emotions of Musical Instruments

paper describes a research regarding emotions of musical instruments. The goal is to find out whether it is possible to alter a communicated emotion to a listener by using various musical instruments. These instruments are the piano, marimba, alt sax and cello. After performing an experiment clear differences are visible, especially on the emotions joy and sadness.
Automatic social role recognition and its application in structuring multiparty interactions

Automatic processing of multiparty interactions is a research domain with important applications in content browsing, summarization and information retrieval. In recent years, several works have been devoted to find regular patterns which speakers exhibit in a multiparty interaction also known as social roles. Most of the research in literature has generally focused on recognition of scenario specific formal roles. More recently, role coding schemes based on informal social roles have been proposed in literature, defining roles based on the behavior speakers have in the functioning of a small group interaction. Informal social roles represent a flexible classification scheme that can generalize across different scenarios of multiparty interaction. In this thesis, we focus on automatic recognition of informal social roles and exploit the influence of informal social roles on speaker behavior for structuring multiparty interactions. To model speaker behavior, we systematically explore various verbal and non verbal cues extracted from turn taking patterns, vocal expression and linguistic style. The influence of social roles on the behavior cues exhibited by a speaker is modeled using a discriminative approach based on conditional random fields. Experiments performed on several hours of meeting data reveal that classification using conditional random fields improves the role recognition performance. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by evaluating it on previously unseen scenarios of multiparty interaction. Furthermore, we also consider whether formal roles and informal roles can be automatically predicted by the same verbal and nonverbal features. We exploit the influence of social roles on turn taking patterns to improve speaker diarization under distant microphone condition. Our work extends the Hidden Markov model (HMM)- Gaussian mixture model (GMM) speaker diarization system, and is based on jointly estimating both the speaker segmentation and social roles in an audio recording. We modify the minimum duration constraint in HMM-GMM diarization system by using role information to model the expected duration of speaker's turn. We also use social role n-grams as prior information to model speaker interaction patterns. Finally, we demonstrate the application of social roles for the problem of topic segmentation in meetings. We exploit our findings that social roles can dynamically change in conversations and use this information to predict topic changes in meetings. We also present an unsupervised method for topic segmentation which combines social roles and lexical cohesion. Experimental results show that social roles improve performance of both speaker diarization and topic segmentation.
Expert System for Offline Clinical Guidelines and Treatment

Offline clinical guidelines are typically designed to integrate a clinical knowledge base, patient data and an inference engine to generate case specific advice. In this regard, offline clinical guidelines are still popular among the healthcare professionals for updating and support of clinical guidelines. Although their current format and development process have several limitations, these could be improved with artificial intelligence approaches such as expert systems/decision support systems. This paper first, presents up to date critical review of existing clinical expert systems namely AAPHelpm, MYCIN, EMYCIN, PIP, GLIF and PROforma. Additionally, an analysis is performed to evaluate all these fundamental clinical expert systems. Finally, this paper presents the proposed research and development of a clinical expert system to help healthcare professionals for treatment. (Saba T, Al-Zaharani S, Rehman A. Expert System for Offline Clinical Guidelines and Treatment Life Sci J 2012;9(4):2639-2658) (ISSN:1097-8135). http://www.lifesciencesite. com 393.
Peripheral Arterial Disease in Patients Presenting with Acute Coronary Syndrome in Six Middle Eastern Countries

To describe prevalence and impact of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), data were collected over 5 months from 6 Middle Eastern countries. Patients were divided into 2 groups (with and without PAD). Out of 6705 consecutive ACS patients, PAD was reported in 177 patients. In comparison to non-PAD, PAD patients were older and more likely to have cardiovascular risk factors. They were more likely to have high Killip class, high GRACE risk score, and non-ST elevation ACS (NSTEACS) at presentation. Thrombolytics, antiplatelet use, and coronary intervention were comparable in both groups. When presented with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), patients with PAD had worse outcomes, while in NSTEACS; PAD was associated with higher rate of heart failure in comparison to non-PAD patients. In diabetics, PAD was associated with 2-fold increase in mortality when compared to non-PAD (P = 0.028). After adjustment, PAD was associated with high mortality in STEMI (adjusted OR 2.6; 95% CI 1.23–5.65, P = 0.01). Prevalence of PAD in ACS in the Gulf region is low. Patients with PAD and ACS constitute a high risk group and require more attention. PAD in patients with STEMI is an independent predictor of in-hospital death.
Performance advantage of quaternion widely linear estimation: An approximate uncorrelating transform approach

Widely linear processing has been shown to be superior to the traditional strictly linear processing in quaternion minimum mean square error (MMSE) estimation. However, a quantifiable performance difference between strictly and widely linear processing and the relationship between the performance and quaternion impropriety are still lacking. To this end, we present a proof for the performance advantage of widely linear estimation and relate the performance bounds to signal properties by exploiting the approximate joint diagonalisation of quaternion covariance matrices. In that sense, this work can be seen as a generalisation of complex-valued MMSE estimation, and can thus also be applied to the complex-valued case. Simulations on synthetic signals support the analysis.
Prevalence and Risk Factors of Deep Vein Thrombosis in Patients Undergoing Lumbar Interbody Fusion Surgery

AbstractThis cross-sectional study was designed to obtain the current prevalence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and analyze related risk factors in patients undergoing lumbar interbody fusion.Medical record data were collected from Department of Spinal Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, between July 2014 and March 2015. Both univariate analysis and binary logistic regression analysis were performed to determine risk factors for DVT.A total of 995 patients were admitted into this study, including 484 men and 511 women, aged from 14 to 89 years old (median 50, IQR 19). The detection rate of lower limb DVT by ultrasonography was 22.4% (223/995) in patients undergoing lumbar interbody fusion. Notably, average VAS (visual analog scale) score in the first 3 days after surgery in the DVT group was more than that in the non-DVT group (Z = −21.69, P < 0.001). The logistic regression model was established as logit P = −13.257 + 0.056*X1 − 0.243*X8 + 2.085*X10 + 0.001*X12, (X1 = age; X8 = HDL; X10 = VAS; X12 = blood transfusion; x2 = 677.763, P < 0.001). In conclusion, advanced age, high postoperative VAS scores, and blood transfusion were risk factors for postoperative lower limb DVT. As well, the logistic regression model may contribute to an early evaluation postoperatively to ascertain the risk of lower limb DVT in patients undergoing lumbar interbody fusion surgery.
A full-range-360° resolver-to-DC converter

In this paper, a triangular-to-sawtooth waveform converter and a control logic circuit have been described. Using two designed circuits connected with OTA-based sine-to-triangular wave converter and demodulator, a resolver-to-DC converter is proposed. The converter linearly produces output signal proportional to the shaft angle in full range of 360deg. Experimental results verifying the performances of the proposed converter circuit agree well with the theoretical prediction.
The Impart of Regulatory Fit on Working Memory

Researchers have demonstrated that regulatory focus and the reward structure of a task interact to influence cognitive performance (Maddox, Baldwin, & Markman, 2006). Reg~~latory focus is a person's sensitivity to potential gains or losses in the environment. When participants' focus matches the task reward structure (known as a regulatory tit) they demonstrate cognitive flexibility, but when it does not they dernonstratc cognitive perbcveration. However, little is known about the cognitive mechanism that underlies this effect. I csplored the possibility that working memory may be the mechanism through which regulatory fit cserts its effects on cognition by assessing the working memory of 180 participants with a coniputerized Operation span task on two occasions: I) at baseline (no manipulation) and 2) after inducing reg~llatory fit or regulatory n~isn~atch. For participants with the highest baseline working memory scores, there was no effect of regulatory fit. Among participants with poorer baseline working memory performance, those in fit recalled more than those in mismatch. Critically, however. those in fit also responded more slowly than those in mismatch, suggesting that the regulatory fit manipulation induced a speed-accuracy trade-off, rather than inlproving working memory. Supporting this, there was no effect of regulatory fit on speed-corrected recall scores. These rcsults, uthile inconsistent with the hypothesis that regulatory fit increases working memory, are consistent with other research suggesting that f i t induces a more dcliberativc (i.e., slower and inorc accurate) mode of processing (Maddox et al., 2006, Markman et al., 2007; Grirnni et al., 2008, Otto et al., 20 10).
Proximal and distal deictics and the construal of narrative time

Abstract This paper proposes an approach to narrative deixis which offers a coherent analysis of the respective roles of proximal and distal deictic expressions (demonstratives as well as temporal and locative adverbs). The paper starts by arguing that fictional narratives require an approach to deixis which modifies a number of broadly held assumptions, especially as regards the interaction between tense and other deictic forms. It then considers the widely discussed instance of the temporal adverb now in the context of Past Tense. The second part of the paper gives special focus to demonstratives in narrative fiction, showing their role in temporal construals. It argues that both temporal and demonstrative expressions are primarily used to serve narrative viewpoint construction (which includes but is not limited to temporal viewpoint). Examples from several novels are then used to show how the proximal and distal choices of demonstratives, temporal adverbs and locative adverbs structure narrative viewpoint, including narrative representation of character experience. The paper concludes by proposing that in the context of fictional narratives the proximal/distal contrast is more relevant to meaning emergence than individual aspects of deixis, and that the construal of time can be achieved through the whole spectrum of deictic forms, not just tense and temporal adverbs such as now and then.
Comparison of acetate turnover in methanogenic and sulfate-reducing sediments by radiolabeling and stable isotope labeling and by use of specific inhibitors: evidence for isotopic exchange

Acetate turnover in the methanogenic freshwater anoxic sediments of Lake Vechten, The Netherlands, and in anoxic sediments from the Tamar Estuary, United Kingdom, and the Grosser Jasmunder Bodden, Germany, the latter two dominated by sulfate reduction, was determined. Stable isotopes and radioisotopes, inhibitors (chloroform and fluoroacetate), and methane flux were used to provide independent estimates of acetate turnover. Pore water acetate pool sizes were determined by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector, and stable isotope-labeled acetate was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The appearance of acetates with a different isotope labeling pattern from that initially added demonstrated that isotopic exchange occurred during methanogenic acetate metabolism. The predominant exchange processes were (i) D-H exchange in the methyl group and (ii) (sup13)C-(sup12)C exchange at the carboxyl carbon. These exchanges are most probably caused by the activity of the enzyme complex carbon monoxide dehydrogenase and subsequent methyl group dehydrogenation by tetrahydromethanopterine or a related enzyme. The methyl carbon was not subject to exchange during transformation to methane, and hence acetate with the methyl carbon labeled will provide the most reliable estimate of acetate turnover to methane. Acetate turnover rate estimates with these labels were consistent with independent estimates of acetate turnover (acetate accumulation after inhibition and methane flux). Turnover rates from either radioisotope- or stable isotope-labeled methyl carbon isotopes are, however, dependent on accurate determination of the acetate pool size. The additions of large amounts of stable isotope-labeled acetate elevate the acetate pool size, stimulating acetate consumption and causing deviation from steady-state kinetics. This can, however, be overcome by the application of a non-steady-state model. Isotopic exchange in sediments dominated by sulfate reduction was minimal.
No association between the EN2 gene and autistic disorder

A utistic spectrum disorders (MIM 209850), which include autism, Asperger syndrome, and pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) not otherwise specified, are characterised by impairment in communications and social interactions and the presence of stereotyped behaviours. The aetiology of autistic disorder is unknown, but family and twin studies have shown a high monozygotic to dizygotic twin risk ratio and a sib relative risk between 50 and 100, suggesting that inheritance of autism is complex, but the predisposition to develop it is largely genetically determined.1,2 A number of morphological abnormalities including increased brain size and developmental abnormalities of the cerebral cortex, brainstem, and cerebellum have been reported in autism.3,4 Reported brain stem and cerebellar anomalies include hypoplasia of lobules VI and VII, decreased Purkinje cell density, olivary dysplasia, and neuronal heterotopias.3–5 The morphological abnormalities described in the brainstem and cerebellum of autistic subjects suggest that genes involved in cerebellar development are candidate genes in autism. EN2 , a human homologue of Drosophila engrailed gene, is a homeobox gene with an essential role in the development of the midbrain and cerebellum.6 Mice homozygous for a targeted deletion of the EN2 homeobox region were viable but showed abnormal foliation of the cerebellum.7 Petit et al 8 studied two restriction fragment length polymorphisms in the EN2 gene in autism and found an association between autism and a Pvu II polymorphism in the 5′ region of EN2 in 100 autistic children and 100 control children. In this study, we have attempted to replicate the association between the EN2 gene and autism using family based linkage and association studies in 196 multiplex families with autism. The EN2 gene maps to human chromosome 7q36. Information regarding a number of promoter, exon, and intron polymorphisms in the EN2 gene is available in …
State-of-the-Art Therapy for Glioblastoma Multiforme

The treatment of patients with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is conventionally considered to be a palliative venture with no hope of cure. Traditionally, patients are treated with maximal surgical resection based on the premise that, although surgery is not a curative procedure, a major resection provides for a longer survival and better quality of life. 1 Radiotherapy increases the duration of survival, but again is not a curative intervention. 2 The role of chemotherapy, specifically focusing on a foundation of chloroethylating agents such as carmustine (BCNU) or lomustine (CCNU), has been controversial with an equal number of clinicians arguing in favor of or against this treatment. Meta-analysis makes it clear that there is a small increase in median survival associated with the addition of these agents, but a consensus was never reached regarding their use. 3
The bloodstream differentiation–division of Trypanosoma brucei studied using mitochondrial markers

In the bloodstream of its mammalian host, the African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei undergoes a life cycle stage differentiation from a long, slender form to a short, stumpy form. This involves three known major events: exit from a proliferative cell cycle, morphological change and mitochondrial biogenesis. Previously, models have been proposed accounting for these events (Matthews and Gull 1994a). Refinement of, and discrimination between, these models has been hindered by a lack of stage–regulated antigens useful as markers at the single–cell level. We have now evaluated a variety of cytological markers and applied them to investigate the coordination of phenotypic differentiation and cell cycle arrest. Our studies have focused on the differential expression of the mitochondrial enzyme dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase relative to the differentiation–division of bloodstream trypanosomes. The results implicate a temporal order of events: commitment, division, phenotypic differentiation.