Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pricing Kernels with Coskewness and Volatility Risk

I investigate a pricing kernel in which coskewness and the market volatility risk factors are endogenously determined. I show that the price of coskewness and market volatility risk are restricted by investor risk aversion and skewness preference. The risk aversion is estimated to be between two and five and significant. The price of volatility risk ranges from -1.5% to -0.15% per year. Consistent with theory, I find that the pricing kernel is decreasing in the aggregate wealth and increasing in the market volatility. When I project my estimated pricing kernel on a polynomial function of the market return, doing so produces the puzzling behaviors observed in pricing kernel. Using pricing kernels, I examine the sources of the idiosyncratic volatility premium. I find that nonzero risk aversion and firms' non-systematic coskewness determine the premium on idiosyncratic volatility risk. When I control for the non-systematic coskewness factor, I find no significant relation between idiosyncratic volatility and stock expected returns. My results are robust across different sample periods, different measures of market volatility and firm characteristics.
Three-Element Min-Sol and Conservative Min-Cost-Hom

Thapper and Zivny [STOC'13] recently classified the complexity of VCSP for all finite-valued constraint languages. However, the complexity of VCSPs for constraint languages that are not finite-valued remains poorly understood. In this paper we study the complexity of two such VCSPs, namely Min-Cost-Hom and Min-Sol. We obtain a full classification for the complexity of Min-Sol on domains that contain at most three elements and for the complexity of conservative Min-Cost-Hom on arbitrary finite domains. Our results answer a question raised by Takhanov [STACS'10, COCOON'10].
Parents and sex education—looking beyond ‘the birds and the bees’

The social and political climate of sex education over the last two decades has dramatically changed, with parents now being encouraged to work in partnership with professionals. This paper seeks to further the argument that involving parents in their child's sex education does matter and can have an impact on their child's future sexual health. It discusses the reality of parents' roles and skills in providing sex education within the family. In particular, the discussion explores myths parents associate with sex education, involving fathers in provision, siblings as peer educators, health professionals' attitudes towards involving parents, and school partnerships. The author calls for professionals to involve parents alongside other sources of sex education in health and educational strategies to address sexual health issues and improve sex education. Otherwise future generations of children will experience a closed cultural attitude towards sexual matters and we will not achieve lower teenage pregnancy.
Face recognition across varying poses in 7- and 9-month-old infants: The role of facial expression

Three studies were conducted to determine whether 7- and 9-month-old infants generalize face identity to a novel pose of the same face when only internal face sections with and without an emotional expression were presented. In Study 1, 7- and 9-month-old infants were habituated to a full frontal or three-quarter pose of a face with neutral facial expression. In Study 2, 7-month-olds were habituated to a face with a positive or negative expression. In the novelty preference test, immediately following habituation, infants were shown a pair of faces: the habituation face in a novel pose and a novel face in the same pose. Generalization of facial identity was inferred from longer fixation time to the novel face. Whereas 7-month-old infants did not dishabituate to the novel face with neutral expression, 9-month-olds fixated longer on the novel face with neutral expression (Study 1). However, when faces displayed a positive or negative expression 7-month-olds also looked longer at the novel face, indicating generalization of the habituation face to a novel pose (Study 2). Study 3 showed that 7-montholds’ generalization ability in Study 2 cannot be explained by an inability to discriminate between the two poses of the habituation face. Results showed 9- but not 7-month-olds recognized neutral looking faces in a novel pose, and 7-month-olds’ face recognition ability was enhanced by emotional facial expression.
The Electoral Consequences of Marriage and Motherhood: How Gender Traits Influence Voter Evaluations of Female Candidates

Recent literature largely dismisses the notion that voters engage in direct bias against women based on sex alone. Making a distinction between sex and gender, our theoretical expectations predict that female candidates who violate gender norms for marriage and motherhood will receive lower candidate evaluations, particularly so among voters who hold conservative beliefs about the proper role of women. We use a survey experiment to estimate the direct and conditional effects of gender traits and gender role beliefs on evaluations. Our results support the proposition that candidate traits, such as marital and parental status, can prime gender beliefs in the evaluative process.
Open eBusiness Ontology Usage: Investigating Community Implementation of GoodRelations

GoodRelations Ontology is experiencing the first stages of mainstream adoption, with its appeal to a range of enterprises as the eCommerce ontology of choice to promote its product catalogue. As adoption increases, so too does the need to review and analyze current implementation of the ontology to better inform future usage and uptake. To comprehensively understand the implementation approaches, usage patterns, instance data and model coverage, data was collected from 105 different web based sources that have published their business and product-related information using the GoodRelations Ontology. This paper analyses the ontology usage in terms of data instantiation, and conceptual coverage using SPARQL queries to evaluate quality, usefulness and inference provisioning. Experimental results highlight that early publishers of structured eCommerce data benefit more due to structured data being more readily search engine indexable, but the lack of available product ontologies and product master datasheets is impeding the creation of a semantically interlinked eCommerce Web.
Can heritage resources highlight changes to the natural environment caused by climate change? Evidence from the Antarctic tourism experience

Tourists are motivated to travel to Antarctica for not only the natural beauty of the continent and its wildlife but also because of the cultural and historical resources associated with the great explorers, such as Shackleton. This article examines the interplay and interrelationships between natural and cultural heritage resources and how this may shape the Antarctic experience and the benefits and outcomes associated with tourism participation. In particular we examined how tourist's perspectives on climate change are influenced through this interplay between natural and cultural heritage resources. Data were drawn from participant observation, field notes, and open-ended questionnaires that were distributed to tourists that participated in four different Antarctic voyages in 2014. The study finds that cultural heritage resources, such as historic sites and locations, could be used as a narrative vehicle for discussing broader enivronmental issues such as climate change, as tourists appear willing to consider cultural and natural environments as existing in a symbiotic, rather than a dichotomous relationship. However, interpreters and guides may need to make the connections between cultural heritage resources and climate change more overt, as tourists did not necessarily view environmental issues through the prism of cultural heritage.
Increase of sympathetic discharge to skeletal muscle but not to skin during mild lower body negative pressure in humans.

1. Haemodynamic studies in humans have concluded that the cutaneous circulation is regulated by cardiopulmonary baroreceptors. In contrast, neurophysiological studies have indicated that skin sympathetic outflow, unlike muscle sympathetic outflow, is unaffected by perturbations in baroreceptor activity. 2. Thus, in an attempt to resolve this discrepancy, both muscle and skin sympathetic nerve activity was recorded during unloading of mainly cardiopulmonary afferents with non‐hypotensive lower body negative pressure (LBNP) performed in both normothermic and hyperthermic conditions. The function of the sympathetic activity was studied by estimations of skin blood flow (laser Doppler velocimetry), of calf blood flow (plethysmography) and of sudomotor activity (electrodermal responses). 3. A level of LBNP that caused robust increases in sympathetic outflow and vascular resistance in the skeletal muscle of the lower leg had no effect on sympathetic activity and vascular resistance in the skin of the same region in the same subjects. Both at normothermia and during hyperthermia LBNP decreased electrodermal activity. Experiments performed during sham LBNP and with skin temperature kept constant suggest that the electrodermal response was due to a decrease in skin temperature produced by the LBNP. 4. In conclusion, these findings challenge the concept that the cutaneous circulation participates importantly in the peripheral circulatory adjustments to unloading of cardiopulmonary afferents during orthostatic stress in humans. During non‐hypotensive LBNP, the skeletal muscle bed accounts for all of the reflex vasoconstriction in the calf.
Pleural malignant mesothelioma in dental laboratory technicians: A case series

Asbestos was used in dentistry as a binder in periodontal dressings and as lining material for casting rings and crucible. However, until now, only one case of malignant mesothelioma with occupational exposure to asbestos in dental practice has been reported. We present 4 pleural mesotheliomas out of 5344 cases identified in Lombardy, Italy, in 2000-2014. Three men had been working as dental laboratory technicians, with asbestos exposure for 10, 34, and 4 years, and one woman had been helping her husband for 30 years in manufacturing dental prostheses. The men described the use of asbestos as a lining material for casting rings, while the woman was not able to confirm this use. We confirm the association of malignant mesothelioma with dental technician work. Dental technicians suffering from mesothelioma should be questioned about past occupational asbestos exposure.
Reasons and Justifications Used by Child Abuse Perpetrators in Zimbabwean Schools

This study sought to determine reasons and justifications used by child abuse perpetrators as viewed by education officers who handle and process cases of child abuse by teachers in Zimbabwe. Six education officers were interviewed. They were purposefully selected for their knowledge in handling and processing child abuse cases. Sexual abuse resulted primarily from poverty, lack of respect for their pupils, protection of perpetrators at the expense of victims, the belief that young girls are AIDS free and moral decadence of teachers. Other reasons were abusive culture, presumed lack of emotional control and ignorance by both the abuser and the abused that emotional abuse is a form of abuse.
The oceanic budgets of nickel and zinc isotopes: the importance of sulfidic environments as illustrated by the Black Sea

Isotopic data collected to date as part of the GEOTRACES and other programmes show that the oceanic dissolved pool is isotopically heavy relative to the inputs for zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni). All Zn sinks measured until recently, and the only output yet measured for Ni, are isotopically heavier than the dissolved pool. This would require either a non-steady-state ocean or other unidentified sinks. Recently, isotopically light Zn has been measured in organic carbon-rich sediments from productive upwelling margins, providing a potential resolution of this issue, at least for Zn. However, the origin of the isotopically light sedimentary Zn signal is uncertain. Cellular uptake of isotopically light Zn followed by transfer to sediment does not appear to be a quantitatively important process. Here, we present Zn and Ni isotope data for the water column and sediments of the Black Sea. These data demonstrate that isotopically light Zn and Ni are extracted from the water column, probably through an equilibrium fractionation between different dissolved species followed by sequestration of light Zn and Ni in sulfide species to particulates and the sediment. We suggest that a similar, non-quantitative, process, operating in porewaters, explains the Zn data from organic carbon-rich sediments. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Biological and climatic impacts of ocean trace element chemistry’.
Channel capacity and minimum probability of error in large dual antenna array systems with binary modulation

Uncoded bit error probability with maximum-likelihood detection and channel capacity is derived for binary signaling on the dual antenna array channel with constrained scattering in the large system limit making use of the replica method. Examples are discussed in case of equal power for all propagation paths. In case of poor scattering (or high load), a waterfall behavior of the uncoded bit error probability is observed.
School Counselors, Comprehensive School Counseling Programs, and Academic Achievement: Are School Counselors Promising more than they Can Deliver?

The ASCA National Model® (ASCA, 2003) suggests that the school counselor's primary mission is the improvement of academic achievement. This article examines the research literature regarding school counselors’ efforts related to academic achievement and concludes that there is little support for the suppo-sition that comprehensive school counseling programs improve achievement. Conversely, there is a growing body of evidence that suggests that school counselors can use strategic interventions to improve academic achievement.
Adoption Factors and Implementation Steps of ITSM in the Target

ITIL is the most widely used IT framework in most organizations nowadays. Many public and private IT organizations have good impressions and attempt to adopt ITIL into their own businesses. However, the ITIL implementation faces some issues by the target organizations to accept this as a complete framework. In addition, there are several steps to implement this framework in the target organizations. This paper tries at first to clarify each of these major issues and then suggest a mature guideline on the implementation of ITIL in the target organizations.
Perspective-Display Sequences in Conversation

This paper investigates a strategy for giving an opinion by first soliciting another party's opinion and then producing one's own report in a way that takes the other's into account. This is done through a three-part "perspective-display sequence," consisting of (1) an opinion query or "perspective-display invitation," (2) the reply or recipient's opinion, and (3) asker's subsequent report. This sequence can be expanded through use of the prompt, a secondary query that prefigures askers' subsequent report and seeks the exact material with which that report can agree. Agreement and other exhibits of affiliation between recipient's and Eisker's displayed positions are preferred features of the device's use. Thus eisker's report seconds or confirms recipient's perspective; at the same time, recipient's position is exploited to reinforce or affirm the position in inviter's report. The strategy of using a perspective-display sequence is pertinent to situations where cautiousness in giving reports and opinions seems warranted.
Grain-size segregation and levee formation in geophysical mass flows

[1] Data from large-scale debris-flow experiments are combined with modeling of particle-size segregation to explain the formation of lateral levees enriched in coarse grains. The experimental flows consisted of 10 m3 of water-saturated sand and gravel, which traveled ∼80 m down a steeply inclined flume before forming an elongated leveed deposit 10 m long on a nearly horizontal runout surface. We measured the surface velocity field and observed the sequence of deposition by seeding tracers onto the flow surface and tracking them in video footage. Levees formed by progressive downslope accretion approximately 3.5 m behind the flow front, which advanced steadily at ∼2 m s−1 during most of the runout. Segregation was measured by placing ∼600 coarse tracer pebbles on the bed, which, when entrained into the flow, segregated upwards at ∼6–7.5 cm s−1. When excavated from the deposit these were distributed in a horseshoe-shaped pattern that became increasingly elevated closer to the deposit termination. Although there was clear evidence for inverse grading during the flow, transect sampling revealed that the resulting leveed deposit was strongly graded laterally, with only weak vertical grading. We construct an empirical, three-dimensional velocity field resembling the experimental observations, and use this with a particle-size segregation model to predict the segregation and transport of material through the flow. We infer that coarse material segregates to the flow surface and is transported to the flow front by shear. Within the flow head, coarse material is overridden, then recirculates in spiral trajectories due to size-segregation, before being advected to the flow edges and deposited to form coarse-particle-enriched levees.
The Strength of a Weak Agency: Enforcement of Title VII of the 1964 Civil Rights Act and the Expansion of State Capacity, 1965–19711

This article analyzes the anomalous case of early Title VII enforcement to challenge the standard political‐institutional (PI) account of state capacity. Title VII prohibited employment discrimination, but the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission was granted scant enforcement resources. Yet the early EEOC aggressively enforced and developed Title VII. To solve the anomaly, the authors integrate insights from the literatures on social movements and the sociology of law. In the absence of conventional administrative resources, apparently weak state agencies can expand their capacity through the legal strategy of broad statutory construction. This strategy is more likely with the presence of social movement pressure from below. The authors argue that state capacity is a “moving target,” with state and societal actors building on legal as well as administrative resources to construct and transform capacity. By reconceptualizing state capacity, the authors contribute to nuanced explanations of state policy that are both “political” and “institutional” and that highlight the centrality of legal interpretation and judicial review to political sociology.
Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Nahavand : a population-based study

٢٠٠9 ،1 ددعلا ،شرع سمالخا دلجلما ،ةيلماعلا ةحصلا ةمظنم ،طسوتلما قشرل ةيحصلا ةلجلما زكَتَرلما ةيناكّس ةسارد :دنوانه في ةيباوبلا ةَّ يولمَلل ليصلما راشتنلاا ل َّ دعم ،يزويرف يدهم ،يبيبح تفع ،نيمالش ققمح ديحم ،برجنر اتريم ،يراصنأ ينهاش ،هداز ليع دممح كنشوه يرمأ لياز اضر دممح الهاقتناب ةقلّعتلما لماوعلاو ةيباوبلا ةَّ يولمَـلا راشتنا تلا َّ دعم ميـيقتل ةضرعتسم ةسارد نوثحابلا ىرجأ :ةـصلالخا دقو . ةيملاسلإا ناريإ ةيروهجم برغ في دنوانه ناكس ينب نم تاونس تس لىع مهرماعأ ديزت اًصخش 1518 ىدل نم مدلا تانيع تذخأو . تلاباقلما للاخ نم ةيفارغوميدلاو ةيعماتجلاا تار ّـ يغتلما لوح تانايبتسلاا تلمكتسا ةيعانلما ةسياقلما مادختساب ةيباوبلا ةَّ يولمَـلاب صالخا IgG يعانلما ينلوبولغلا ي ِّ رحتل لاصملأا تبرتخاو ،مهنم ٍّ لك ةلصافب( %71.0 غلب ذإ اًعفترم ةيباوبلا ةَّ يولمَـلل لياجملإا ليصلما راشتنلاا ل َّ دعم ناك دقو .اًيراتج ةرفاوتلما ةيميزنلإا ددعتلما حيحصتلا لىإ اًدانتساو .رمعلا عم ييجردت دايدزا ظحولو )73و 69 ينب راشتنلاا ل َّ دعم حوارتو %95 ةقث . راطتخلاا لماوع نم اهمرابتعا نكمي ناذلّلا اهم طقف رمعلاو ةثونلأا نإف تايرغتلما Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori in Nahavand: a populationbased study A.H.M. Alizadeh,1 S. Ansari,1 M. Ranjbar,2 H.M. Shalmani,1 I. Habibi,1 M. Firouzi1 and M.R. Zali1
Psychological Health and Meaning in Life

This study examined the relative contributions of (a) gender, (b) perceived stress, (c) social support from family and significant other, and (d) positive and negative dimensions of religious coping to the prediction of the psychological health and meaning in life among 179 Central American immigrants from El Salvador and Guatemala. Findings reveal that greater perceived stress by Latinas/Latinos was predictive of psychological health and meaning in life, while social support from a significant other also explained variance in meaning in one's life. Negative religious coping, specifically reappraisal of God's powers, was predictive of search for meaning in one's life.
Preparation of chitosan/silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite porous scaffold and its characteristics in comparison to bi-component scaffolds.

Composite porous scaffolds have attracted extensive attention in the biomedical material field. The aim of this research was to prepare a novel tri-component composite porous scaffold and to evaluate its relevant properties. The porous scaffold was composed of chitosan (CS), silk fibroin (SF), and nanohydroxyapatite particles (nHA), which we named CS/SF/nHA scaffold and prepared via salt fractionation method combined with lyophilization. The porous structure was achieved using a porogen (salt), and the pore size was controlled by the size of porogen. To evaluate the characteristics of the tri-component scaffold, three bi-component scaffolds, CS/SF, CS/nHA, and SF/nHA, were simultaneously prepared for comparison. The scaffolds were subjected to morphological, micro-structural, and biodegradation analyses. Results demonstrated that all of the scaffolds had pore sizes of 100-300 μm and a porosity of 90.5-96.1%. The biodegradation characteristics of all scaffolds meet the requirements of good biomedical materials. The investigation of the mechanical properties showed that the tri-component scaffold has better properties than the bi-component scaffolds. The in vitro biocompatibility with osteoblast-like MG-63 cells showed that all the scaffolds are suitable for cell attachment and proliferation; however, the CS/SF/nHA composite porous scaffold is much more effective than the others.
Instrumental and expressive representations of aggression: One scale or two?

The Expagg questionnaire was developed to measure a subject's view of their own aggression as a relatively instrumental or relatively expressive act. Two issues have been raised pertaining to the dimensional structure of the questionnaire: the use of principal components analysis on dichotomous responses and the possibility that instrumental and expressive representations might be independent dimensions rather than opposite ends of a single continuum. In study 1, dichotomous Expagg data from 405 subjects were subjected to microfact, principal components, and factor analysis. Each produced a first general factor, and the correlations between the item loadings were in excess of r = . 99. In study 2, a 40-item Likert scale version of Expagg was given to 295 subjects. Principal components analysis, paired item correlations, and subscale correlations suggested partial independence of instrumental and expressive items. Two new 8-item scales measuring instrumental and expressive representations were constructed that maximise their independence. Potential. uses of these revised scales are discussed. (C) 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.