Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Plasmodium Infection Is Associated with Impaired Hepatic Dimethylarginine Dimethylaminohydrolase Activity and Disruption of Nitric Oxide Synthase Inhibitor/Substrate Homeostasis

Inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) signaling may contribute to pathological activation of the vascular endothelium during severe malaria infection. Dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase (DDAH) regulates endothelial NO synthesis by maintaining homeostasis between asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor, and arginine, the NOS substrate. We carried out a community-based case-control study of Gambian children to determine whether ADMA and arginine homeostasis is disrupted during severe or uncomplicated malaria infections. Circulating plasma levels of ADMA and arginine were determined at initial presentation and 28 days later. Plasma ADMA/arginine ratios were elevated in children with acute severe malaria compared to 28-day follow-up values and compared to children with uncomplicated malaria or healthy children (p<0.0001 for each comparison). To test the hypothesis that DDAH1 is inactivated during Plasmodium infection, we examined DDAH1 in a mouse model of severe malaria. Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection inactivated hepatic DDAH1 via a post-transcriptional mechanism as evidenced by stable mRNA transcript number, decreased DDAH1 protein concentration, decreased enzyme activity, elevated tissue ADMA, elevated ADMA/arginine ratio in plasma, and decreased whole blood nitrite concentration. Loss of hepatic DDAH1 activity and disruption of ADMA/arginine homeostasis may contribute to severe malaria pathogenesis by inhibiting NO synthesis.
Pengaruh Corporate Social Responsibility Terhadap Nilai Perusahaan Dengan Profitabilitas Sebagai Variabel Moderating

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui apakah Corporate Social Responsibility berpengaruh terhadap Nilai Perusahaan dengan Profitabilitas sebagai Variabel Moderating, pada Perusahaan Pertambangan yang terdaftar di BEI Periode 2011-2015. Dalam penelitian ini menggunakan teknik analisis data Statistik Deskriptif. Sedangkan uji hipotesis menggunakan Regresi Linier, Uji R2, Uji F, dan Uji t. Sampel penelitian ini adalah pengungkapan pertanggungjawaban sosial melalui laporan berkelanjutan atau sustainability report pada sektor pertambangan periode 2011-2015 dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Terdapat 41 perusahaan yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2011-2015, hanya 5 perusahaan yang memenuhi kriteria sebagai sampel penelitian. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian yang dilakukan dengan menggunakan Statistic Product and Service Solution (SPSS 18), menunjukkan bahwa CSR tidak berpengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan dan profitabilitas tidak mampu memperkuat pengaruh CSR terhadap nilai perusahaan, diketahui dari nilai t hitung lebih kecil dari nilai t tabel, dan nilai signifikansi lebih besar dari tingkat signifikansinya. Secara simultan atau bersamaan, variabel independen CSR dan profitabilitas sebagai moderating berpengaruh terhadap variabel dependen yaitu nilai perusahaan, dibuktikan dengan nilai f hitung jauh lebih besar dari f tabel.
Regulation of glucocorticoid responsiveness in glaucomatous trabecular meshwork cells by glucocorticoid receptor-beta.

PURPOSE Glucocorticoid administration can lead to increased intraocular pressure in greater than 90% of patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), compared with 30% to 40% of the general population. The molecular mechanisms for increased steroid responsiveness among patients with glaucoma are unknown. An alternative splicing variant of the human glucocorticoid receptor GRbeta has dominant negative activity and has been implicated in a variety of steroid-resistant diseases. GRbeta also may play a role in glucocorticoid hyperresponsiveness in glaucoma. METHODS Western blot analysis was performed to detect the expression of GRalpha and GRbeta in TM cells and its regulation by dexamethasone (DEX). Immunocytochemistry was used to compare the subcellular expression of GRbeta between normal and glaucomatous TM cell lines. DEX transgene induction in a luciferase reporter was performed to investigate the differential glucocorticoid responsiveness between multiple normal and glaucomatous TM cell lines. Overexpression of GRbeta was conducted in glaucomatous TM cell lines, and the regulation of GRbeta in the Dex-induced reporter gene luciferase or endogenous myocilin and fibronectin expression were determined. RESULTS Trabecular meshwork (TM) cell lines derived from normal individuals expressed higher levels of GRbeta than did glaucomatous TM cells. Glaucomatous TM cells were more susceptible to DEX induction of a luciferase reporter gene than were TM cells derived from normal donors. Overexpression of GRbeta in glaucomatous TM cells inhibited DEX induction of a luciferase reporter gene as well as the endogenous genes MYOC and fibronectin. CONCLUSIONS The decreased amount of GRbeta in glaucomatous TM cells could result in enhanced glucocorticoid responsiveness and ocular hypertension.
DNA Replication in Physarum

The natural synchrony of the nuclear cycle within the plasmodium of the myxomycete Physarum polycephalum provides an opportunity to study, without the need for any cell treatment, the complex and transient patterns of replication intermediates generated during chromosomal replication. In this review, we focus on the parameters of replication kinetics from the synthesis of Okazaki fragments to the chromosome-sized progeny molecules and summarize data suggesting that their appearance at some specific loci is precisely programmed and intimately linked to the transcriptional activity of the cell.
Becoming impossible: asexual narratives of identity, experience, and importance

Our current society assumes that sexual attraction or desire is natural and experienced by all human beings; however, asexuality is beginning to challenge this assumption. The purpose of this Master’s thesis is to gain a better understanding of asexual identity through interviews regarding experience and importance of asexuality with 10 self-identified asexual individuals. Six themes emerged from the interviews: discovery of asexuality, importance of asexuality to the lived experience, identity labels, definitions of asexuality, lack of education on asexuality, and libido and the various types of attraction. Many of the issues discussed in the 6 themes related back to the lack of education regarding asexuality in society. Asexuality is still a relatively unknown sexual orientation. In addition, the ongoing debate over the definition of both asexuality and now sexual attraction reinforces the view of asexuality as an insecure sexual orientation. Finally, the conflation of all types of attraction into sexual attraction reduces awareness of the different attractions and relationship possibilities for individuals.
Transformasi Model Pelaksanaan Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Serentak

Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Serentak gelombang pertama sudah dilaksanakan, tapi masih banyak permasalahan dalam pelaksanaannya. Rumusan masalah yang akan dibahas adalah: (1) bagaimana perubahan mendasar dari pelaksanaan Pilkada serentak berdasarkan Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2015 Jo. Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2015? ; (2) apa dampak positif dan negatif pelaksanaan Pilkada serentak yang telah diselenggarakan pada tanggal 9 Desember 2015? ; dan (3) bagaimanakah model pelaksanaan Pilkada serentak yang ideal dalam upaya penguatan demokrasi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini diharapkan mampu memberikan rekomendasi kebijakan bagi pemangku kepentingan. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, sedangkan jenis penelitiannya adalah yuridis sosiologis, dengan teknik pengumpulan data studi dokumen dan wawancara. Dari hasil penelitian merekomendasikan hal-hal sebagai berikut: (1) Komisi II Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat agar melakukan Perubahan/Revisi Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 2016 tentang Perubahan Kedua Undang-Undang Nomor 1 Tahun 2015 Tentang Pemilihan Gubernur, Bupati dan Walikota; (2) Komisi Pemilihan Umum agar membuat peraturan mengenai mekanisme uji publik.
Tumor suppressive microRNA-137 negatively regulates Musashi-1 and colorectal cancer progression

Stem cell marker, Musashi-1 (MSI1) is over-expressed in many cancer types; however the molecular mechanisms involved in MSI1 over-expression are not well understood. We investigated the microRNA (miRNA) regulation of MSI1 and the implications this regulation plays in colorectal cancer. MicroRNA miR-137 was identified as a MSI1-targeting microRNA by immunoblotting and luciferase reporter assays. MSI1 protein was found to be highly expressed in 79% of primary rectal tumors (n=146), while miR-137 expression was decreased in 84% of the rectal tumor tissues (n=68) compared to paired normal mucosal samples. In addition to reduced MSI1 protein, exogenous expression of miR-137 inhibited cell growth, colony formation, and tumorsphere growth of colon cancer cells. Finally, in vivo studies demonstrated that induction of miR-137 can decrease growth of human colon cancer xenografts. Our results demonstrate that miR-137 acts as a tumor-suppressive miRNA in colorectal cancers and negatively regulates oncogenic MSI1.
Estimating the Economic Impact of Telemedicine in a Rural Community

One commonly discussed benefit of broadband access in rural America is the potential for telemedicine visits that allow rural residents to take advantage of urbanized medical services. While the primary benefit of telemedicine is often viewed as improved health care access, the availability of these services also offers significant economic contributions to the local community. Site visits to 24 rural hospitals of varying size over a four-state area in the Midwest provide information to develop a methodology for estimating telemedicine's economic impact. Using this technique, telemedicine services contribute between $20,000 and $1.3M annually to these local economies, with an average of $522,000.
Prevention of Post-operative Delirium in the Elderly Using Pharmacological Agents

Introduction Post-operative delirium (POD) is a serious surgical complication that can cause significant morbidity and mortality. It is associated with prolonged hospital stay, delayed admission to rehabilitation programs, persistent cognitive deficits, marked health-care costs, and more. The pathophysiology is multi-factorial and not completely understood, which complicates the optimal management. Non-pharmacological measures have been the mainstay of treatment, but there has been an ongoing interest in the medical literature on the prevention of post-operative delirium using medications. The purpose of this review is to critically analyze the current evidence on pharmacological prevention of POD. Methods A literature review was conducted using PubMed and Embase databases, using the following search terms: delirium, anti-psychotics, cholinesterase inhibitors, and statins. Results A total of 1,152 articles were screened and 25 articles were reviewed. Fourteen articles found a reduced incidence of post-operative delirium using pharmacological agents: eight with antipsychotics, two with statins, one with melatonin, one with dexamethasone, one with gabapentin, and one with diazepam. However, study designs, methodological issues, or authors’ interpretations raise questions on these conclusions. Conclusions Further double-blinded randomized clinical trials should be conducted before administering pharmacological agents to reduce POD in a non-research setting.
Functional Brain Dysfunction in Patients with Benign Childhood Epilepsy as Revealed by Graph Theory

There is growing evidence that brain networks are altered in epileptic subjects. In this study, we investigated the functional connectivity and brain network properties of benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes using graph theory. Benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes is the most common form of idiopathic epilepsy in young children under the age of 16 years. High-density EEG data were recorded from patients and controls in resting state with eyes closed. Data were preprocessed and spike and spike-free segments were selected for analysis. Phase locking value was calculated for all paired combinations of channels and for five frequency bands (δ, θ, α, β1 and β2). We computed the degree and small-world parameters—clustering coefficient (C) and path length (L)—and compared the two patient conditions to controls. A higher degree at epileptic zones during interictal epileptic spikes (IES) was observed in all frequency bands. Both patient conditions reduced connection at the occipital and right frontal regions close to the epileptic zone in the α band. The “small-world” features (high C and short L) were deviated in patients compared to controls. A changed from an ordered network in the δ band to a more randomly organized network in the α band was observed in patients compared to healthy controls. These findings show that the benign epileptic brain network is disrupted not only at the epileptic zone, but also in other brain regions especially frontal regions.
¿Se entrena como se compite? Análisis de la carga en baloncesto femenino

It is necessary to analyze the impact that the competition have on athletes, in an objective and scientific way. The knowledge of the physiological and kinematic demands in sports competition is one of the factor that will establish optimal training processes. Therefore, the main objectives of this research were to characterize and analyze the differences between training and real competition in a women's senior basketball team during 2015/16 season. The design of this research is empirical with quantitative methodology, which focuses on analyzing the relationships and differences between variables. The independent variable was the Game Situation, categorized in Small Sided Games, Full Game and Competition. Five dependent variables were recorded: Impacts, Steps and Jumps per minute (kinematic variables); and Average and Maximum Heart Rate (internal load). A descriptive analysis was performed and the univariate general linear model was used to differentiate between categories of the variable Game Situation. Finally, Bonferroni Post Hoc test was used to identify differences between groups. The results showed that higher values of Average and Maximum Heart Rate and Steps per minute were found in competition. Coaches should consider these results to adapt the training to the requirements of the competition.
Unexpected variation in unique features of the lens-specific type I cytokeratin CP49.

PURPOSE CP49 is a fiber cell-specific type I cytokeratin, but its function as part of the fiber cell-beaded filament remains unknown. To provide a rational basis for mutational studies that would contribute to an elucidation of function, the study was designed to define elements of CP49s that are highly conserved, discriminate conserved features from species-specific variations, and identify where CP49s have diverged from consensus type I features in their adaptation to selective pressures in the lens. METHODS The primary sequence and gene structure of CP49 from a third vertebrate order was determined from a combination of cDNA and genomic sequencing. Protein product was characterized by SDS-PAGE and Western blot analysis. Consensus features and phylogenetic relationships were identified by multiple alignment. Coiled-coil analysis was conducted to define central rod domains. RESULTS Trout CP49 is unique among CP49s in having a 39-amino-acid tail domain and shows both unique sequence and allelic variation at the LNDR motif. Comparison of consensus sequences identified unprecedented divergence between CP49s and other type I cytokeratins, including a shortened central rod domain that is conserved among CP49s, but distinct from type I cytokeratins. CONCLUSIONS The considerable differences that have emerged between the consensus features of the type I cytokeratins and the CP49s suggest that the beaded filament serves a significantly different function from intermediate filaments in other epithelia and that type I cytokeratins may have limited utility as a model for studies on lens beaded filaments. These differences, in concert with consensus features identified among CP49s, suggest sites that are probably critical to CP49 function in the lens fiber cell.
SPECTROSCOPIC IDENTIFICATIONS OF SPITZER SOURCES IN THE SWIRE/XMM-NEWTON/ELAIS-S1 FIELD: A LARGE FRACTION OF ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI WITH HIGH F(24 μm)/F(R) RATIO

We present a catalog of optical spectroscopic identifications of sources detected by Spitzer at 3.6 or 24 μm down to ∼10 and ∼280 μJy, respectively, in the SWIRE/XMM-Newton/ELAIS-S1 field and classified via line width analysis and diagnostic diagrams. A total of 1376 sources down to R ∼ 24.2 mag have been identified (1362 detected at 3.6 μm, 419 at 24 μm, and 405 at both) by low-resolution optical spectroscopy carried out with FORS2, VIMOS, and EFOSC2 at the Very Large Telescope and 3.6 m ESO telescope. The spectroscopic campaigns have been carried out over the central 0.6 deg2 area of ELAIS-S1 which, in particular, has also been observed by XMM-Newton and Chandra. We find the first direct optical spectroscopic evidence that the fraction of active galactic nuclei (AGNs; mostly AGN2) increases with increasing F(24 μm)/F(R) ratio, reaching values of 70(±20)% in the range 316 < F(24 μm)/F(R) < 1000. We present an Infrared Array Camera–Multiband Imaging Photometer color–color diagram able to separate AGN1 from obscured AGN2 candidates. After having corrected for the spectroscopic incompleteness of our sample, the result is that the AGN fraction at F(24 μm) ∼0.8 mJy is ∼22(±7)% and decreases slowly to ∼19(±5)% down to F(24 μm) ∼ 0.3 mJy.
Postnatal depression, oxytocin and maternal sensitivity

Intra nasal oxytocin administered to a population of mothers with a diagnosis of postnatal depression: -lowers their current mood -causes mothers to report that their infants are more difficult but their relationship with them is more positive -increases their protective response towards them in the presence of a socially intrusive stranger, -and causes them to rate a newborn cry sound as more urgent but to indicate that they would choose a more harsh care-giving strategy in response to this cry. Further research should be embarked upon prior to using this as a treatment in women suffering postnatal depression.
Transcranial alternating current stimulation to areas associated with the human mirror neuron system reveals modulation to mu-suppression and corresponding behaviour

This study was carried out in order to validate the use of EEG mu (μ) suppression as an index of human mirror neuron system (hMNS) related activity. The hMNS is characterized by neuronal activity that responds to both action observation and execution of the same movement. This activity has been directly observed in both macaque monkeys and in humans. There is an abundance of studies using indirect measures of neuronal activity to indicate hMNS-related activity such as TMS, fMRI/PET and EEG/MEG. However, relating indirect indices of neuronal activity to a conceptual group of neurons is controversial because the activity observed could also reflect other neuronal processes. Therefore, the current thesis was designed to establish more direct and causal evidence for the use of EEG in indicating hMNS-related activity through the use of transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS). This was achieved in six experiments; the first three established an efficient protocol to induce μ-suppression during action observation, and the last three demonstrated by means of tACS that activity in hMNS-related areas is directly related to μ-reactivity during observation of motor movements and in relation to imitation of the movement observed. To this extent, μ-suppression was related to both action observation, and the ability to perform the movement observed. This is interpreted as evidence that EEG μ-suppression is a valid indicator of hMNS-related activity.
The physical bases to consciousness: Implications of convergent quantifications

When the conceptual and historical limitations of the label “consciousness” are accommodated the physical bases to these phenomena become apparent. Different classes of consciousness coupled to the differences in hemispheric functions are predictable and can be simulated experimentally. Fundamental space-time constants of the cell membrane and the increments of energies associated with dynamics of the action potential are reflected within the surface activity of the total aggregate of cerebral neurons correlated with states of consciousness. The ubiquitous presence of ~10-20 J as a fundamental quantum and the congruence of the numerical energy densities during consciousness with the average universal values suggest that the apparent dualisms of brain-mind and matter-energy are illusions that reflect degrees of quantification rather than quality. The quantitative similarities of gravitational-, electromagnetic-, photon (visible light) and cognition-based energies within the mass and volume occupied by the human cerebrum could accommodate many of the classical theories of consciousness. That the induced magnetic moment from change of angular velocity in an electron from the cerebrum’s magnetic field immersed in galactic-level magnetic fields could be protracted for the age of the universe would meet the criteria of temporal persistence for an essential consciousness. Predictions from purely physical bases for consciousness with respect to non-local excess correlations (“entanglement”), representation of cerebral information within space, and the transposition of photon energy from recoil values within the brain could generate novel experimental approaches to the class of phenomena historically described as “consciousness”. Correspondence to: Dr. Michael A Persinger, Behavioural Neuroscience and Biomolecular Science Programs, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada P3E 2C6; E-mail: mpersinger@laurentian.ca
Childhood autism and assortative mating

Diagnosed rates of autism spectrum disorders have grown tremendously over the last few decades. I find that assortative mating may have meaningfully contributed to the rise. I develop a general model of genes and assortative mating which shows that small changes in sorting could have large impacts on the extremes of genetic distributions. I apply my theory to autism, which I model as the extreme right tail of a genetic formal thinking ability distribution (systemizing). Using large sample data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, I find strong support for theories that autism is connected to systemizing. My mating model shows that increases in the returns to systemizing, particularly for women, can contribute significantly to rising autism rates. I provide evidence that mating on systemizing has actually shifted, and conclude with a rough calculation suggesting that despite the increase in autism, increased sorting on systemizing has been socially beneficial. ∗This paper benefitted greatly from conversations with Scott Kominers, Gary Becker, Steven Levitt, Derek Neal, Kevin Murphy, Roger Myerson, Julian Reif, and others. I would also like to thank seminar participants at the University of Chicago Micro Lunch and the Labor Micro Working Group. I’m especially grateful to Jon Baio at the CDC for his support and comments. Aggregate counts of children aged eight years identified with select developmental disabilities were furnished by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Preventions (CDC) Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program (MADDSP), a multiple source, population-based disability monitoring system covering five counties in Atlanta, Georgia. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.