Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Treatment of pregnant patients with antiphospholipid syndrome

Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) has been widely recognized as a risk factor for the recurrence of both thrombosis and pregnancy losses; however the optimal treatment of patients is debatable. The aim of this paper was to establish a consensus among experts on the treatment of APS in pregnancy. A questionnaire that described possible different clinical situations was sent to the International Advisory Board of the 10th International Congress on AntiphospholipidAntibodies. Sixteen experts from different medical branches and different geographic areas sent their replies. The consensus was that treatment for APS pregnant patients should be low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and low dose aspirin (LDA). The dosage, and frequency of LMWH depends on different situations, including the body weight and past history. Patients with previous thromboses usually receive two injections per day. Warfarin can also be used from 14 to 34 weeks, for patients with previousstroke or severe arterial thromboses. The use of intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) seems to be restricted to patients with pregnancy losses despite conventional treatment. The experts usually advised barrier methods of contraception, intrauterine device (if the patient is not taking corticosteroids) or progestins. Oral contraception with oestrogens was usually avoided.
Effects of dietary macronutrient composition and feeding frequency on fasting and postprandial hormone response in domestic cats

Abstract The objective was to evaluate the effects of dietary macronutrients and feeding frequency on blood glucose, insulin, total ghrelin and leptin. A total of twelve adult lean neutered male cats were used in three tests, all cross-over studies composed of a 15 d adaptation and blood sampling on day 16. In trial 1, differences between two- and four-meal feeding were tested. On day 16, blood samples were collected every 2 h for 24 h. In trial 2, macronutrient boluses were tested. Instead of the control diet, the morning meal on day 16 was replaced with an isoenergetic bolus of carbohydrate (maltodextrin), protein (chicken meat), fat or water. Fasted and ten postprandial blood samples were collected. In trial 3, diets high in fat (HF), protein (HP), carbohydrate (HC) or a control diet were tested. On day 16, fasted and ten postprandial blood samples were collected. Data were analysed to identify baseline and AUC changes. Cats fed four meals daily had greater (P = 0·03) leptin incremental AUC0–24 h compared with cats fed twice daily. The carbohydrate bolus increased glucose (P < 0·001) and insulin (P < 0·001) incremental AUC0–6 h and tended to increase (P = 0·09) leptin net AUC0–6 h. Cats fed the control and HC diets had greater (P = 0·03) glucose incremental AUC compared with the HF and HP conditions. Circulating hormone data were highly variable and indicated changes due to dietary macronutrients and feeding frequency, but further study is needed to identify impacts on appetite and contributing mechanisms.
Blinded Validation of Breath Biomarkers of Lung Cancer, a Potential Ancillary to Chest CT Screening

Background Breath volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been reported as biomarkers of lung cancer, but it is not known if biomarkers identified in one group can identify disease in a separate independent cohort. Also, it is not known if combining breath biomarkers with chest CT has the potential to improve the sensitivity and specificity of lung cancer screening. Methods Model-building phase (unblinded): Breath VOCs were analyzed with gas chromatography mass spectrometry in 82 asymptomatic smokers having screening chest CT, 84 symptomatic high-risk subjects with a tissue diagnosis, 100 without a tissue diagnosis, and 35 healthy subjects. Multiple Monte Carlo simulations identified breath VOC mass ions with greater than random diagnostic accuracy for lung cancer, and these were combined in a multivariate predictive algorithm. Model-testing phase (blinded validation): We analyzed breath VOCs in an independent cohort of similar subjects (n = 70, 51, 75 and 19 respectively). The algorithm predicted discriminant function (DF) values in blinded replicate breath VOC samples analyzed independently at two laboratories (A and B). Outcome modeling: We modeled the expected effects of combining breath biomarkers with chest CT on the sensitivity and specificity of lung cancer screening. Results Unblinded model-building phase. The algorithm identified lung cancer with sensitivity 74.0%, specificity 70.7% and C-statistic 0.78. Blinded model-testing phase: The algorithm identified lung cancer at Laboratory A with sensitivity 68.0%, specificity 68.4%, C-statistic 0.71; and at Laboratory B with sensitivity 70.1%, specificity 68.0%, C-statistic 0.70, with linear correlation between replicates (r = 0.88). In a projected outcome model, breath biomarkers increased the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of chest CT for lung cancer when the tests were combined in series or parallel. Conclusions Breath VOC mass ion biomarkers identified lung cancer in a separate independent cohort, in a blinded replicated study. Combining breath biomarkers with chest CT could potentially improve the sensitivity and specificity of lung cancer screening. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00639067
El conocimiento pedagógico del contenido de estadística en profesores de primaria

In this study, we developed a questionnaire on the knowledge of Statistics among primary school teachers and their knowledge of how to teach statistics. This questionnaire focused on teacher awareness of student statistical knowledge and the teaching of statistical content. Three items related to statistical education were included: graph comprehension, differentiation between cognitive levels, and the understanding that arises from changing representational systems. When constructing questionnaire items, these features were included along with information on typical mistakes and difficulties experienced by students learning statistics and probability. The questionnaire comprised a total of 14 items and was administered to 85 primary school teachers and their respective students (n = 994) in Chilean schools. The content validity of the questionnaire was confirmed by 8 experts. The entire questionnaire is not included, and teacher and student performance are given for 2 of its items. Teacher trainers are advised to promote item-generation activities for future teachers to reflect on the teaching of statistical content and to build their awareness of student statistical knowledge.
Religion and family in a changing society

List of Tables ix Acknowledgments xi Chapter One: Contested Changes "Family Values" in Local Religious Life 1 Chapter Two: Religious Involvement and Religious Institutional Change 27 Chapter Three: Religion, Family, and Work 45 Chapter Four: Styles of Religious Involvement 67 Chapter Five: "The Problem with Families Today . " 94 Chapter Six: The Practice of Family Ministry 125 Chapter Seven: Religious Familism and Social Change 146 Appendix: Choices 167 Notes 175 References 195 Index 207
The Absolute Magnitude and Kinematics of RR Lyrae Stars via Statistical Parallax

We present new statistical parallax solutions for the absolute magnitude and kinematics of RR Lyrae stars. We have combined new proper motions from the Lick Northern Proper Motion program with new radial velocity and abundance measures to produce a data set that is 50% larger, and of higher quality, than the data sets employed by previous analyses. Based on an a priori kinematic study, we separated the stars into halo and thick disk sub-populations. We performed statistical parallax solutions on these sub-samples, and found MV (RR) = +0.71 ± 0.12 at 〈[Fe/H]〉 = –1.61 for the halo (162 stars), and MV (RR) = +0.79 ± 0.30 at 〈[Fe/H]〉 = –0.76 for the thick disk (51 stars). The solutions yielded a solar motion 〈V 〉 = −210 ± 12 km s−1 and velocity ellipsoid (σU , σV , σW ) = (168 ± 13, 102 ± 8, 97 ± 7) km s −1 for the halo. The values were 〈V 〉 = −48 ± 9 km s−1 and (σU , σV , σW ) = (56 ± 8, 51 ± 8, 31 ± 5) km s −1 for NSF Young Investigator
Recurrent inhibitory dynamics: the role of state-dependent distributions of conduction delay times.

We have formulated and analysed a dynamic model for recurrent inhibition that takes into account the state dependence of the delayed feedback signal (due to the variation in threshold of fibres with their size) and the distribution of these delays (due to the distribution of fibre diameters in the feedback pathway). Using a combination of analytic and numerical tools, we have analysed the behaviour of this model. Depending on the parameter values chosen, as well as the initial preparation of the system, there may be a spectrum of post-synaptic firing dynamics ranging from stable constant values through periodic bursting (limit cycle) behaviour and chaotic firing as well as bistable behaviours. Using detailed parameter estimation for a physiologically motivated example (the CA3-basket cell-mossy fibre system in the hippocampus), we present some of these numerical behaviours. The numerical results corroborate the results of the analytic characterization of the solutions. Namely, for some parameter values the model has a single stable steady state while for the others there is a bistability in which the eventual behaviour depends on the magnitude of stimulation (the initial function).
Treatment of Acute Cortical Infarct With Intravenous Glycerol: A Double‐blind, Placebo‐Controlled Randomized Trial

Background and Purpose This clinical trial investigates the effectiveness of intravenous glycerol therapy in patients with acute cortical infarction in whom intracerebral hemorrhage was rigorously excluded. Methods Within 48 hours of symptoms from their first ischemic stroke, 113 hospital inpatients were randomized into the trial, provided that hemorrhage was excluded by computed tomography and informed consent was obtained. Patients were stratified into alert, semicoma, and coma groups using the Glasgow Coma Scale. Treatment was allocated according to a double-blind, randomized protocol; 56 patients received 500 mL of 10% glycerol in saline over 4 hours on 6 consecutive days, and 57 patients received corresponding placebo treatment with saline. Using a variety of objective scoring systems, patient follow-up was up to 6 months. Results Corresponding measures of outcome in the glycerol and placebo groups were similar. At 6 months, respective mortality rates were 17 of 56 and 16 of 57, and mean ±SD improvements in scores were 9.98±14.40 vs 10.51±12.68 (long-term), 1.12±7.20 vs 1.57±6.30 (prognostic), −1.94±5.53 vs −2.06±5.34 (Glasgow Coma Scale), and 21.72±23.40 vs 11.94± 18.10 (Barthel Index rating in survivors). Hemolysis (generally subclinical) was the only adverse effect. Conclusions There was no clinically or statistically significant difference in outcome between the groups; a trend toward greater functional recovery among survivors was evident after treatment with glycerol.
Short and long-term results of sternectomy for sternal tumours.

Background We analyzed our experience in sternal resections (SRs) for primary or secondary neoplasm focusing on technical aspects of reconstruction, post-operative outcomes and long term survival. Methods From January 2005 to December 2015, 36 patients (24 males, 67%) underwent surgical excision of primary (chondrosarcoma n=18 patients, 50%; osteosarcoma n=2, 6%; Ewing sarcoma n=1, 3%; other n=2, 6%) or secondary (breast cancer n=7, 19%; kidney carcinoma n=2, 6%) sternal tumour. We performed n=30 partial sternectomy and n=6 total sternectomy with en-bloc resection of the sternocostal cartilages in all patient and extended resection in 7 patients. Stability was obtained with prosthetic material, rigid and non-rigid and a muscular flap: rigid material [Strasbourg Thoracic Osteosynthesis System (STRATOS), MedXpert GmbH] and muscle flap n=11 (30.6%); polytetrafluoroethylene patch and muscle flap n=6 (16.7%); muscle flap alone n=19 (52.8%). Results The 30-day mortality rate was 0, overall complication rate was 19%. The median ICU stay was 1.5 days and mean hospital stay was 10.6±5.9 days. We obtained a complete (R0) resection in all patients. Overall survival (OS) at 5 and 10 years were 59% and 40%; in the group of primary neoplasm OS rate at 5 and 10 years was 79% and 54%. Disease free survival (DFS) rate at 5 years was 61%. Higher grading was identified as negative prognostic factor. Conclusions Wide radical resections of anterior chest wall are basilar in a multimodality treatment for primary or metastatic neoplasm of the sternum. Stabilization with titanium bars and clips provides rigidity of chest wall with good functional results.
Antecedents of customers’ intention to support Islamic social enterprises in Indonesia

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the influence of extrinsic factors, namely, age, education, gender, marital status and income on customers’ intention to support Islamic social enterprises via donation. The paper also assesses the influence of religiosity on support intention (SI). The impact of customers’ perceptual reaction to the credibility of social enterprises’ advertising is also measured to assess its influence on SI. Design/methodology/approach – A total of 214 completed questionnaires from online and offline surveys were analysed using several statistical analyses, including structural equation modelling, to assess the effects of the independent variables on SI. Findings – The study found that customers’ socioeconomic status and religiosity have no significant influence on their intention to channel their donations via Islamic social enterprises. It is the social enterprises’ advertising which significantly influences their SI. Research limitations/implications – The study focus.
The Camel's Nose is in the Tent: Rules, Theories and Slippery Slopes

Slippery slopes have been the topic of a spate of recent literature. In this Article, the authors provide a general theory for understanding and evaluating slippery slope arguments (SSAs) and their associated slippery slope events (SSEs). The central feature of the theory is a structure of discussion within which all arguments take place. The structure is multi-layered, consisting of decisions, rules, theories, and research programs. Each layer influences and shapes the layer beneath: rules influence decisions, theories influence the choice of rules, and research programs influence the choice of theories. In this structure, SSAs take the form of meta-arguments, as they purport to predict the future development of arguments in the structure. Evaluating such arguments requires having knowledge of the specific content of the structure of discussion itself. The Article then presents four viable types of slippery slope argument, draws attention to four different factors that (other things equal) tend to increase the likelihood of slippery slopes, and explores a variety of strategies for coping with slippery slopes.
The 2dF-SDSS LRG and QSO Survey: the LRG 2-point correlation function and redshift-space distortions

We present a clustering analysis of luminous red galaxies (LRGs) using nearly 9000 objects from the final, three-year catalogue of the 2dF-SDSS LRG and QSO (2SLAQ) Survey. We measure the redshift-space two-point correlation function, ξ(s) and find that, at the mean LRG redshift of shows the characteristic downturn at small scales (1 h−1 Mpc) expected from line-of-sight velocity dispersion. We fit a double power law to ξ(s) and measure an amplitude and slope of s0 = 17.3+2.5−2.0 h−1 Mpc, γ = 1.03 ± 0.07 at small scales (s 4.5 h−1 Mpc). In the semiprojected correlation function, wp(σ), we find a simple power law with γ = 1.83 ± 0.05 and r0 = 7.30 ± 0.34 h−1 Mpc fits the data in the range 0.4 < σ < 50 h−1 Mpc, although there is evidence of a steeper power law at smaller scales. A single power law also fits the deprojected correlation function ξ(r), with a correlation length of r0 = 7.45 ± 0.35 h−1 Mpc and a power-law slope of γ = 1.72 ± 0.06 in the 0.4 < r < 50 h−1 Mpc range. But it is in the LRG angular correlation function that the strongest evidence for non-power-law features is found where a slope of γ = −2.17 ± 0.07 is seen at 1 < r < 10 h−1 Mpc with a flatter γ = −1.67 ± 0.07 slope apparent at r 1 h−1 Mpc scales. We use the simple power-law fit to the galaxy ξ(r), under the assumption of linear bias, to model the redshift-space distortions in the 2D redshift-space correlation function, ξ(σ, π). We fit for the LRG velocity dispersion, wz, the density parameter, Ωm and β(z), where β(z) = Ω0. 6m/b and b is the linear bias parameter. We find values of wz = 330 km s−1, Ωm = 0.10+0.35−0.10 and β = 0.40 ± 0.05. The low values for wz and β reflect the high bias of the LRG sample. These high-redshift results, which incorporate the Alcock–Paczynski effect and the effects of dynamical infall, start to break the degeneracy between Ωm and β found in low-redshift galaxy surveys such as 2dFGRS. This degeneracy is further broken by introducing an additional external constraint, which is the value β(z = 0.1) = 0.45 from 2dFGRS, and then considering the evolution of clustering from z 0 to zLRG 0.55. With these combined methods we find Ωm(z = 0) = 0.30 ± 0.15 and β(z = 0.55) = 0.45 ± 0.05. Assuming these values, we find a value for b(z = 0.55) = 1.66 ± 0.35. We show that this is consistent with a simple ����high-peak’ bias prescription which assumes that LRGs have a constant comoving density and their clustering evolves purely under gravity.
Riboflavin-UVA treatment in the management of edema and nonhealing ulcers of the cornea.

PURPOSE Riboflavin-ultraviolet A (UVA) treatment induces cross-linking and stiffens the corneal stroma. A parallel reduction in stromal swelling and increased resistance to microbial and enzymatic degradation has been suggested. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential of riboflavin-UVA treatment in the management of corneal disorders, in particular edema due to endothelial decompensation and non-healing ulcers. METHODS Two clinical series are reported, 11 eyes with endothelial decompensation and 14 eyes with non-healing ulcers. Treatment comprised a) abrasion of epithelium (if present), b) instillation of 0.1% riboflavin in saline, and c) irradiation at 365 nm UVA light over approximately 30 minutes (3 mW/cm(2)). Four eyes in the first group were treated twice. Postoperatively, all eyes were followed for at least 3 months. RESULTS Reduction in corneal thickness was observed in 10 of 11 eyes with stromal edema and the majority also experienced improvement in vision. The effect occurred over weeks and lasted for months. Fourteen patients with non-healing ulceration were similarly treated; 6 healed, 8 showed no clear effect. CONCLUSIONS In addition to the stiffening of keratoconic and ectatic cornea, riboflavin-UVA treatment is effective in reducing corneal edema and has the potential to heal corneal ulcers.
The impacts of traffic-related and woodsmoke particulate matter on measures of cardiovascular health: a HEPA filter intervention study

Background Combustion-generated fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is associated with cardiovascular morbidity. Both traffic-related air pollution and residential wood combustion may be important, but few studies have compared their impacts. Objectives To assess and compare effects of traffic-related and woodsmoke PM2.5 on endothelial function and systemic inflammation (C reactive protein, interleukin-6 and band cells) among healthy adults in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, using high efficiency particulate air (HEPA) filtration to introduce indoor PM2.5 exposure gradients. Methods We recruited 83 healthy adults from 44 homes in traffic-impacted or woodsmoke-impacted areas to participate in this randomised, single-blind cross-over intervention study. PM2.5 concentrations were measured during two consecutive 7-day periods, one with filtration and the other with ‘placebo filtration’. Endothelial function and biomarkers of systematic inflammation were measured at the end of each 7-day period. Results HEPA filtration was associated with a 40% decrease in indoor PM2.5 concentrations. There was no relationship between PM2.5 exposure and endothelial function. There was evidence of an association between indoor PM2.5 and C reactive protein among those in traffic-impacted locations (42.1% increase in C reactive protein per IQR increase in indoor PM2.5, 95% CI 1.2% to 99.5%), but not among those in woodsmoke-impacted locations. There were no associations with interleukin-6 or band cells. Conclusions Evidence of an association between C reactive protein and indoor PM2.5 among healthy adults in traffic-impacted areas is consistent with the hypothesis that traffic-related particles, even at relatively low concentrations, play an important role in the cardiovascular effects of the urban PM mixture. Trial registration number http://www.clinicaltrials. gov (NCT01570062).
Large-Scale Spatial Distribution of Virioplankton in the Adriatic Sea: Testing the Trophic State Control Hypothesis

ABSTRACT Little is known concerning environmental factors that may control the distribution of virioplankton on large spatial scales. In previous studies workers reported high viral levels in eutrophic systems and suggested that the trophic state is a possible driving force controlling the spatial distribution of viruses. In order to test this hypothesis, we determined the distribution of viral abundance and bacterial abundance and the virus-to-bacterium ratio in a wide area covering the entire Adriatic basin (Mediterranean Sea). To gather additional information on factors controlling viral distribution on a large scale, functional microbial parameters (exoenzymatic activities, bacterial production and turnover) were related to trophic gradients. At large spatial scales, viral distribution was independent of autotrophic biomass and all other environmental parameters. We concluded that in contrast to what was previously hypothesized, changing trophic conditions do not directly affect virioplankton distribution. Since virus distribution was coupled with bacterial turnover times, our results suggest that viral abundance depends on bacterial activity and on host cell abundance.
Person-to-Person Transmission of Severe Fever With Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Bunyavirus Through Blood Contact

Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome bunyavirus is a newly discovered bunyavirus with high pathogenicity to human. The transmission model has been largely uncharacterized. Investigation on a cluster of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome cases provided evidence of person-to-person transmission through blood contact to the index patient with high serum virus load.
Capturing the Complexity of Malleable IT Use: Adaptive Structuration Theory for Individuals

The confluence of widely available malleable technology and the "bring your own device" (BYOD) trend creates a new dynamic for information technology innovation in the workplace. Nontechnical users are empowered to adapt pliable technology in the course of normal usage episodes. We develop a theoretical perspective of adaptation behaviors by extending the adaptive structuration theory (AST) to the level of individuals, and present a topology of adaptation behaviors to capture the rich landscape of this emerging phenomenon. Based on this new theoretical perspective, we propose a research model and perform a survey study targeting young professionals to empirically investigate adaptation of malleable IT by users. Our findings reveal the compounding effects of four distinct adaptation behaviors including the insight that task adaptation mediates the effect of technology adaptation on individual performance. This study contributes by providing a theoretical framework for examining adaptation behaviors, extending AST to the level of individuals, and addressing specific criticisms of AST in the information systems literature.