Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of Novel Carbazole Catabolism Genes from Gram-Positive Carbazole Degrader Nocardioides aromaticivorans IC177

ABSTRACT Nocardioides aromaticivorans IC177 is a gram-positive carbazole degrader. The genes encoding carbazole degradation (car genes) were cloned into a cosmid clone and sequenced partially to reveal 19 open reading frames. The car genes were clustered into the carAaCBaBbAcAd and carDFE gene clusters, encoding the enzymes responsible for the degradation of carbazole to anthranilate and 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate and of 2-hydroxypenta-2,4-dienoate to pyruvic acid and acetyl coenzyme A, respectively. The conserved amino acid motifs proposed to bind the Rieske-type [2Fe-2S] cluster and mononuclear iron, the Rieske-type [2Fe-2S] cluster, and flavin adenine dinucleotide were found in the deduced amino acid sequences of carAa, carAc, and carAd, respectively, which showed similarities with CarAa from Sphingomonas sp. strain KA1 (49% identity), CarAc from Pseudomonas resinovorans CA10 (31% identity), and AhdA4 from Sphingomonas sp. strain P2 (37% identity), respectively. Escherichia coli cells expressing CarAaAcAd exhibited major carbazole 1,9a-dioxygenase (CARDO) activity. These data showed that the IC177 CARDO is classified into class IIB, while gram-negative CARDOs are classified into class III or IIA, indicating that the respective CARDOs have diverse types of electron transfer components and high similarities of the terminal oxygenase. Reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) experiments showed that the carAaCBaBbAcAd and carDFE gene clusters are operonic. The results of quantitative RT-PCR experiments indicated that transcription of both operons is induced by carbazole or its metabolite, whereas anthranilate is not an inducer. Biotransformation analysis showed that the IC177 CARDO exhibits significant activities for naphthalene, carbazole, and dibenzo-p-dioxin but less activity for dibenzofuran and biphenyl.
Development of Self-Directedness and Cooperativeness in Relation to Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Trajectories After Military Deployment

Background Personality traits, such as the character traits self-directedness and cooperativeness, might play a role in the risk of developing post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after deployment to a combat zone. However, it is unclear whether these traits are preexisting risk factors or if event-related changes might also be associated with PTSD symptoms over time. Therefore, the current aim was to assess if military deployment is associated with changes in cooperativeness and self-directedness and to study how these traits are related to PTSD symptom trajectories. Methods In a large cohort of military personnel (N = 1007), measurements were performed before, at one and six months, and two and five years after deployment to Afghanistan. Linear mixed-effect models were used to assess the individual change in the traits over time and to study the relation with potential predictors. Results Cooperativeness was found to remain stable, whereas self-directedness was found to slightly decrease over time. This decrease was related to the development of PTSD symptoms over time. Furthermore, lower levels of self-directedness were associated with the symptomatic trajectories of PTSD symptoms. Lower levels of cooperativeness were only associated with the recovered PTSD trajectory. Conclusions So, not only do the findings confirm that lower levels of these character traits are associated with the development of PTSD symptoms, it was also shown that there are differences in the relation between these traits and the course of PTSD symptoms. Studying methods to promote the levels of these character traits might help to improve the resiliency of military personnel.
Improving Snowfall Forecasting by Diagnosing Snow Density

Current prediction of snowfall amounts is accomplished either by using empirical techniques or by using a standard modification of liquid equivalent precipitation such as the 10-to-1 rule. This rule, which supposes that the depth of the snowfall is 10 times the liquid equivalent (a snow ratio of 10:1, reflecting an assumed snow density of 100 kg m23), is a particularly popular technique with operational forecasters, although it dates from a limited nineteenth-century study. Unfortunately, measurements of freshly fallen snow indicate that the snow ratio can vary from on the order of 3:1 to (occasionally) 100:1. Improving quantitative snowfall forecasts requires, in addition to solutions to the significant challenge of forecasting liquid precipitation amounts, a more robust method for forecasting the density of snow. A review of the microphysical literature reveals that many factors may contribute to snow density, including in-cloud (crystal habit and size, the degree of riming and aggregation of the snowflake), subcloud (melting and sublimation), and surface processes (compaction and snowpack metamorphism). Despite this complexity, the paper explores the sufficiency of surface and radiosonde data for the classification of snowfall density. A principal component analysis isolates seven factors that influence the snow ratio: solar radiation (month), low- to midlevel temperature, mid- to upper-level temperature, low- to midlevel relative humidity, midlevel relative humidity, upper-level relative humidity, and external compaction (surface wind speed and liquid equivalent). A 10-member ensemble of artificial neural networks is employed to explore the capability of determining snow ratio in one of three classes: heavy (1:1 , ratio , 9:1), average (9:1 # ratio # 15:1), and light (ratio . 15:1). The ensemble correctly diagnoses 60.4% of the cases, which is a substantial improvement over the 41.7% correct using the sample climatology, 45.0% correct using the 10-to-1 ratio, and 51.7% correct using the National Weather Service ‘‘new snowfall to estimated meltwater conversion’’ table. A key skill measure, the Heidke skill score, attains values of 0.34‐0.42 using the ensemble technique, with increases of 75%‐183% over the next most skillful approach. The critical success index shows that the ensemble technique provides the best information for all three snow-ratio classes. The most critical inputs to the ensemble are related to the month, temperature, and external compaction. Withholding relative humidity information from the neural networks leads to a loss of performance of at least 5% in percent correct, suggesting that these inputs are useful, if nonessential. Examples of pairs of cases highlight the influence that these factors have in determining snow ratio. Given the improvement over presently used techniques for diagnosing snow ratio, this study indicates that the neural network approach can lead to advances in forecasting snowfall depth.
Comparative Analysis of Different Types of Full Adder Circuits

The Full Adder circuit is an important component in application such as Digital Signal Processing (DSP) architecture, microprocessor, and microcontroller and data processing units. This paper discusses the evolution of full adder circuits in terms of lesser power consumption, higher speed. Starting with the most conventional 28 transistor full adder and then gradually studied full adders consisting of as less as 8 transistors. We have also included some of the most popular full adder cells like dynamic CMOS (9), Dual rail domino logic(14), Static Energy Recovery Full Adder (SERF) (7) (8), Adder9A, Adder9B, GDI based full adder.
Bridging the Gap: Classification, Theory and Practice in Public Archaeology

Models and classifications have been a part of thinking about public archaeology since at least the early 2000s, but how are these ideas translated into practice? By looking into the development of such classifications and models and by examining archaeologists’ attitudes to an archaeological education outreach project for schoolchildren in Oslo, Norway, this paper looks at the relationship between classification, theory, and practice in public archaeology.
Transcriptome Profile Reveals that Pu-Erh Tea Represses the Expression of Vitellogenin Family to Reduce Fat Accumulation in Caenorhabditis elegans

Due to misbalanced energy surplus and expenditure, obesity has become a common chronic disorder that is highly associated with many metabolic diseases. Pu-erh tea, a traditional Chinese beverage, has been believed to have numerous health benefits, such as anti-obesity. However, the underlying mechanisms of its anti-obesity effect are yet to be understood. Here, we take the advantages of transcriptional profile by RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) to view the global gene expression of Pu-erh tea. The model organism Caenorhabditis elegans was treated with different concentrations of Pu-erh tea water extract (PTE, 0 g/mL, 0.025 g/mL, and 0.05 g/mL). Compared with the control, PTE indeed decreases lipid droplets size and fat accumulation. The high-throughput RNA-Sequence technique detected 18073 and 18105 genes expressed in 0.025 g/mL and 0.05 g/mL PTE treated groups, respectively. Interestingly, the expression of the vitellogenin family (vit-1, vit-2, vit-3, vit-4 and vit-5) was significantly decreased by PTE, which was validated by qPCR analysis. Furthermore, vit-1(ok2616), vit-3(ok2348) and vit-5(ok3239) mutants are insensitive to PTE triggered fat reduction. In conclusion, our transcriptional profile by RNA-Sequence suggests that Pu-erh tea lowers the fat accumulation primarily through repression of the expression of vit(vitellogenin) family, in addition to our previously reported (sterol regulatory element binding protein) SREBP-SCD (stearoyl-CoA desaturase) axis.
An object-centric interaction framework for tangible interfaces in virtual environments

The spatial and semantic integration of tangible user interfaces (TUI) into virtual environments is a promising approach to enhance mixed reality-applications with dynamic three-dimensional graphics and graspable controls. Although various software frameworks for virtual reality periphery and tangible interaction exist, a novel framework which provides a high-level TUI-object-centric interface (instead of device-centric interface) and duplex access to important physical properties of TUI-objects, e.g. three-dimensional position, sensor states, force actuators could foster the development of such mixed-reality applications. This paper describes a TUI-VR-framework whose aim is to support the development of physically enriched VR-applications. It focuses on the spatial and manipulative properties of TUI-objects, leaving it to the application to implement interaction techniques, semantics and expressive physical/digital couplings [cf. 10, 27]. On the programming side, the primary goals of the framework are the integration of a device abstraction layer, a lightweight application programming interface and full duplex communication between the TUI-application and interaction devices. The framework allows for a distributed system configuration and is highly customizable. Various virtual reality tracking frameworks and devices (e.g. VRPN, Ascension MotionStar, force-feedback devices) and physical toolkits (e.g. Phidgets) are already integrated. Further adapters can also easily be integrated. The capabilities and flexibility of the framework are illustrated at the end of the paper by means of two use cases.
A Simple Measure of the Intensity of Capital Controls

We present a readily available monthly measure of the intensity of capital controls across 29 emerging market countries that is based on the degree of restrictions on foreign ownership of equities. The initial opening of a market as given by our measure corresponds well with the liberalization dates of Bekaert and Harvey (2000a). In addition, our measure provides information on the extent of the initial opening as well as the evolution of the liberalization over time. After presenting the measure, we compare it to other existing measures of capital controls and briefly describe empirical applications concerning home bias, capital flows to emerging markets, and the effects of financial liberalization on the cost of capital.
Line-of-sight velocity dispersions and a mass-distribution model of the Sa galaxy NGC 4594

In this paper, we develop an algorithm allowing to calculate line-of-sight velocity dispersions in an axisymmetric galaxy outside the galactic plane. When constructing a self-consistent model, we take into account the galactic surface brightness distribution, stellar rotation curve and velocity dispersions. We assume that the velocity dispersion ellipsoid is triaxial and lies under a certain angle with respect to the galactic plane. This algorithm is applied to an Sa galaxy NGC 4594 = M 104, for which there exist velocity dispersion measurements outside the galactic major-axis. The mass-distribution model is constructed in two stages. In the first stage, we construct a luminosity-distribution model, where only galactic surface brightness distribution is taken into account. Here, we assume the galaxy to consist of the nucleus, the bulge, the disc and the stellar metal-poor halo and determine structural parameters of these components. Thereafter, in the second stage, we develop, based on the Jeans equations, a detailed massdistribution model and calculate line-of-sight velocity dispersions and the stellar rotation curve. Here, a dark matter (DM) halo is added to visible components. Calculated dispersions are compared with observations along different slit positions perpendicular and parallel to the galactic major-axis. In the best-fitting model, velocity dispersion ellipsoids are radially elongated with σ θ/σ R � 0.9‐0.4, σ z/σ R � 0.7‐0.4, and lie under the angles less than or equal to 30 ◦ with respect to the galactic equatorial plane. Outside the galactic plane, velocity dispersion behaviour is more sensitive to the DM density distribution and allows to estimate dark halo parameters. For visible matter, the total M/LB = 4.5 ± 1.2, M/LR = 3.1 ± 0.7. The central density of the
Bridging Ridge-to-Reef Patches: Seamless Classification of the Coast Using Very High Resolution Satellite

The structure and functioning of coral reef coastal zones are currently coping with an increasing variety of threats, thereby altering the coastal spatial patterns at an accelerated pace. Understanding and predicting the evolution of these highly valuable coastal ecosystems require reliable and frequent mapping and monitoring of both inhabited terrestrial and marine areas at the individual tree and coral colony spatial scale. The very high spatial resolution (VHR) mapping that was recently spearheaded by WorldView-2 (WV2) sensor with 2 m and 0.5 m multispectral (MS) and panchromatic (Pan) bands has the potential to address this burning issue. The objective of this study was to classify nine terrestrial and twelve marine patch classes with respect to spatial resolution enhancement and coast integrity using eight bands of the WV2 sensor on a coastal zone of Moorea Island, French Polynesia. The contribution of the novel WV2 spectral bands towards classification accuracy at 2 m and 0.5 m were tested using traditional and innovative Pan-sharpening techniques. The land and water classes were examined both separately and combinedly. All spectral combinations that were built only with the novel WV2 bands systematically increased the overall classification accuracy of the standard four band classification. The overall best contribution was attributed to the coastal-red edge-near infrared (NIR) 2 combination (Kappagain = 0.0287), which significantly increased the fleshy and encrusting algae (User’s Accuracygain = 18.18%) class. However, the addition of the yellow-NIR2 combination dramatically impacted the hard coral/algae patches class (Producer’s Accuracyloss = −20.88%). Enhancement of the spatial resolution reduced the standard classification accuracy, depending on the Pan-sharpening technique. The proposed composite method (local maximum) provided better overall results than the commonly used sensor method (systematic). However, the sensor technique produced the highest contribution to the hard coral thicket (PAgain = 30.36%) class with the coastal-red edge-NIR2 combination. Partitioning the coast into its terrestrial and aquatic components lowered the overall standard classification accuracy, while strongly enhancing the hard coral bommie class with the coastal-NIR2 combination (UAgain = 40%) and the green-coastal Normalized Difference Ratio (UAgain = 11.06%). VHR spaceborne remote sensing has the potential to gain substantial innovative insights into the evolution of tropical coastal ecosystems from local to regional scales, to predict the influence of anthropogenic and climate changes and to help design optimized management and conservation frameworks.
The complement of research and theory in practice: contact theory at work in nonfamilial intergenerational programs.

PURPOSE OF THE STUDY We assessed whether a shared site intergenerational care program informed by contact theory contributed to more desirable social behaviors of elders and children during intergenerational programming than a center with a more traditional programming approach that lacks some or all of the contact theory tenets. DESIGN AND METHODS We observed 59 elder and child participants from the two sites during intergenerational activities. Using the Intergenerational Observation Scale, we coded participants' predominant behavior in 15-s intervals through each activity's duration. We then calculated for each individual the percentage of time frames each behavior code was predominant. RESULTS Participants at the theory-based program demonstrated higher rates of intergenerational interaction, higher rates of solitary behavior, and lower rates of watching than at the traditional program. IMPLICATIONS Contact theory tenets were optimized when coupled with evidence-based practices. Intergenerational programs with stakeholder support that promotes equal group status, cooperation toward a common goal, and mechanisms of friendship among participants can achieve important objectives for elder and child participants in care settings.
The Arrogance of Race: Historical Perspectives on Slavery, Racism, and Social Inequality

The Arrogance of Race is a significant contribution to the historiography of slavery and racism in America. George Fredrickson, one of the most respected and cogent historians of this complex and troubling subject, maintains that racism is a cultural phenomenon not a mere by-product of class conflict and colonialism. He opts for a dualistic rather than a more popular monolithic explanation of the tragedy of racism. "
Navigation system for product search

We demonstrate Product EntityCube, a product recommendation and navigation system. While the unprecedented scale of a product search portal enables to satisfy users with diverse needs, this scale also complicates product recommendation. Specifically, our target application poses a unique challenge of overcoming insufficient user profiles and feedbacks. To address this problem, we organize query results into clusters representing different user perceptions of similarity, and provide a navigational UI to handle personal interests. Specifically, we first discuss hybrid object clustering capturing diverse user interests from millions of Web pages and disambiguating different perceptions using feature-based similarity. We then discuss skyline object ranking to highlight interesting items at each cluster. Our demonstration illustrates how Product EntityCube can enrich user product shopping experiences.
# CS 05-1002 Oregon State University October 5 , 2005 Getting to the information you already have

Knowledge workers need to find information but even when it is stored on their local computer systems, finding it can be costly. There are many researchers working on solutions to reduce these costs, but there has been little research into exactly what these costs are, and what the ties are between these costs and users’ choices between ways to access their local information. This paper provides a methodology for investigating such issues, and reports empirical results on ways of accessing local, task-relevant resources (e.g. document files), their associated costs, and users’ sensitivities to certain kinds of costs. Our results fill in gaps in what has been known about the problem, thereby helping to inform research on solutions to the problem. Author
Network IDS alert classification with frequent itemset mining and data clustering

Network IDS is a well-known security measure for network monitoring and protection. Unfortunately, IDSs are known to generate large amounts of alerts, with many of them being either false positives or of low importance. This makes it hard for the human to spot alerts which need more attention. In order to tackle this issue, this paper proposes an IDS alert classification method which is based on data mining techniques.
Thankful for What? The Efficacy of Interventions Targeting Interpersonal Versus Noninterpersonal Gratitude

Gratitude interventions have been shown to increase well-being but not trait gratitude. We tested whether gratitude would be sensitive to interventions if interpersonal gratitude (to another person), and noninterpersonal gratitude or appreciation were examined separately. Participants (N = 150) were randomly assigned to one of five 3-week interventions: (a) interpersonal gratitude list, (b) noninterpersonal gratitude list, (c) interpersonal gratitude letter, (d) interpersonal gratitude list + interpersonal gratitude letter, and (e) control intervention (writing daily about a negative and positive incident). Measures of interpersonal and noninterpersonal trait gratitude, positive and negative emotions, depression, and life satisfaction were completed before and after the intervention and 3 months later. All interpersonal gratitude interventions led to an increase in interpersonal but not noninterpersonal trait gratitude, and the noninterpersonal gratitude list led to an increase in both noninterpersonal and interpersonal gratitude. Overall, little support was found for the hypothesis that gratitude interventions can increase trait gratitude when the intervention targets the type of gratitude used as the outcome measure. Les interventions de gratitude s’avèrent des interventions qui augmentent le bien-être à l’exception du trait de gratitude. Nous avons cherché à savoir si la gratitude était sensible aux interventions dans le cas où la gratitude interpersonnelle (vis-à-vis une autre personne), et la gratitude non-interpersonnelle ou l’appréciation étaient examinées séparément. Les participants (N = 150) étaient assignés au hasard à l’une des cinq interventions d’une durée de trois semaines : (a) liste de gratitude interpersonnelle, (b) liste de gratitude non-interpersonnelle, (c) lettre de gratitude interpersonnelle, (d) liste de gratitude interpersonnelle + lettre de gratitude interpersonnelle, et (e) intervention témoin (tenue d’un journal quotidien d’un incident positif et d’un incident négatif). Des mesures de trait de gratitude interpersonnelle et non-interpersonnelle, les émotions positives et négatives, la dépression et de satisfaction à l’égard de la vie ont été réalisées avant et après l’intervention ainsi que trois mois plus tard. Toutes les interventions de gratitude interpersonnelle ont entraîné une augmentation du trait de gratitude interpersonnelle mais pas du trait de gratitude non-interpersonnelle tandis que la liste de gratitude non-interpersonnelle a mené à une gratitude interpersonnelle et non-interpersonnelle. Dans l'ensemble, très peu de preuves appuyaient l’hypothèse selon laquelle les interventions de gratitude peuvent augmenter le trait de gratitude lorsque l'intervention vise le type de gratitude utilisé comme la mesure du résultat.