Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In Situ Characterization of Intrahepatic Non-Parenchymal Cells in PSC Reveals Phenotypic Patterns Associated with Disease Severity

Liver-infiltrating T cells have been implicated in the pathogenesis of primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), however little information is available about changes in other cellular compartments in the liver during PSC. This study aimed to characterize non-parenchymal intrahepatic cells in PSC livers and to find associations between phenotypes and disease severity. Using immunohistochemistry, followed by automated image analysis and quantification and a principal component analysis, we have studied non-parenchymal intrahepatic cells in PSC-patient livers (n = 17) and controls (n = 17). We observed a significant increase of T cells in the PSC patients, localized to the fibrotic areas. MAIT cells, normally present at high numbers in the liver, were not increased to the same extent. PSC patients had lower expression of MHC class I than controls. However, the levels of NKp46+ NK cells were similar between patients and controls, nevertheless, NKp46 was identified as a phenotypic marker that distinguished PSC patients with mild from those with severe fibrosis. Beyond that, a group of PSC patients had lost expression of Caldesmon and this was associated with more extensive bile duct proliferation and higher numbers of T cells. Our data reveals phenotypic patterns in PSC patients associated with disease severity.
Psychological contract breaches and employee voice behaviour: The moderating effects of changes in social relationships

Guided by social exchange theory, this study found support for the prediction that the relationship of psychological contract breaches to voice behaviour (both constructive and aggressive) would be moderated by changes in leader–member exchange and coworker exchange over time. Specifically, the positive relationship between psychological contract breach and aggressive voice behaviour was weakened when employees had experienced increases in leader–member exchange during the preceding 8-month period. In addition, the relationships of psychological contract breaches with constructive and aggressive voice were also moderated by changes in coworker exchange over time. The article concludes with a discussion of the importance of improving the quality of relationships with superiors and colleagues as a means of mitigating breaches of psychological contracts with the organization as a whole.
Midwives Practice CAM: Feminism in the Delivery Room

This article focuses on midwives who practice complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) in Israel. After qualifying as nurses in mainstream biomedical institutions, these midwives have, at some point in their careers, opted to study a variety of CAM skills and practice them in hospital delivery rooms in Israel. The authors explore the relationship of selected elements of feminist ideology to the epistemology of CAM midwives. Seven context-specific themes are viewed as central to their epistemological stance: rejection of the medicalization of birth; a strong belief in the “naturalness” of childbirth; rejection of the overuse of technology; empowerment of women; nostalgia and reverence for the past; centrality of intuition, feeling, and emotion; and active advocacy. In-depth, semistructured interviews were carried out during 2004 to 2005 with 13 midwives. These narratives provided empirical material for a qualitative analysis. Evidence is shown to demonstrate the unique feminist quality of the core beliefs of the CAM midwives.
Accreditation Sickness in the Consumption of Business Education: The Vacuum in AACSB Standard Setting

This article examines peer-administered accreditation in business education, taking AACSB (Association to Advance Collegiate Schools of Business) as its focus. Attention is directed to the educationally unhealthy consequences of an established regional mode of accreditation becoming an international benchmark for business education consumption. At the heart of the AACSB’s mission-linked approach is an evacuation of core content from business education. The change to a mission-linked architecture was motivated, it is argued, primarily by expansionist, rather than pedagogical, considerations. It coincided with a reduction in the number of US research-based schools unaccredited, the inability of many US-business schools to meet AACSB’s previous standards, the emergence of a rival accreditation agency (Association of Collegiate Business Schools and Programs) formed to target this market, and international competition from other accreditation bodies. We note that the mission-linked approach, underpinned by peer-review, has been good for AACSB growth but has, we suggest, been restrictive and unhealthy for business education that does not fit its ostensibly flexible and accommodating mould.
Cell Cycle Characteristics of Crenarchaeota: Unity among Diversity

ABSTRACT The hyperthermophilic archaea Acidianus hospitalis, Aeropyrum pernix, Pyrobaculum aerophilum, Pyrobaculum calidifontis, and Sulfolobus tokodaii representing three different orders in the phylum Crenarchaeota were analyzed by flow cytometry and combined phase-contrast and epifluorescence microscopy. The overall organization of the cell cycle was found to be similar in all species, with a short prereplicative period and a dominant postreplicative period that accounted for 64 to 77% of the generation time. Thus, in all Crenarchaeota analyzed to date, cell division and initiation of chromosome replication occur in close succession, and a long time interval separates termination of replication from cell division. In Pyrobaculum, chromosome segregation overlapped with or closely followed DNA replication, and further genome separation appeared to occur concomitant with cellular growth. Cell division in P. aerophilum took place without visible constriction.
The True Impact of Evaluation

There is a growing call for evaluation capacity building (ECB); although the area currently lacks a rich research base, there are few robust methods and practice through which to define it. The argument in this article is that the impact of evaluation is mediated by program stakeholders’ engagement in evaluation activities. This mediation provides a foundation for a consideration of the merit of ECB. This study sought to find confirmation that stakeholder engagement in evaluation could influence the outcomes of a program and thus subsequently provide evidence as to the merit and significance of evaluation engagement. Multiple forms of evaluation data were collected for two long-term public health evaluations and coded and collated again on an evidence-based rubric in close consultation with the community. The influence of stakeholder’s willingness and capacity to engage in evaluation activity was also investigated. The analysis revealed that stakeholders’ engagement in evaluations provided reasonably unique contributions to the overall program outcomes. This article provides the impetus for evaluation-based capacity building, in that it presents empirical evidence that willingness, capacity to engage in evaluation activities, and the use of evaluation information increases the probability of achieving desired outcomes and sustainability.
The Perspective of Women Managing Research Teams in Social Sciences

This article presents a research study that focuses on how women manage research teams. More specifically, the study aims to ascertain the perception of female researchers who are leaders of research groups in social sciences with regard to the formation, operation and management of their research teams. Fifteen interviews were carried out, eight at the Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona and seven at the Universidad de Barcelona, representing one quarter of women responsible for research teams in the field of social sciences. Findings suggest that female researchers seek to build highly cohesive teams that engender a good working atmosphere and good interpersonal relationships, with the capacity to generate high academic and scientific performance closely linked to other international groups.
Critical Waves: Exploring Feminist Identity, Discourse and Praxis in Western Feminism

Feminist scholars frequently question the wave narrative, fearing the way in which it constructs generational divides and suggests periods of inactivity, whilst others have found it a useful way of understanding the chronological and ideological development of feminism. This article seeks to avoid rehashing well-rehearsed debates concerning the pros and cons of the narrative, instead seeking to emphasise the importance of engaging with the themes of continuity, inclusivity and multiplicity by exploring identity, discourse and praxis through the wave metaphor. It does this by drawing upon analysis of key feminist writings and empirical research undertaken with feminist activists in the UK. This article stresses how the coterminous existence of second, third and fourth wave have changed the nature of the wave narrative in such a way as to require a different critical approach, one that recognises the power of the discourse and the pragmatic implications of its use.
A Preliminary Investigation of Academic Disidentification, Racial Identity, and Academic Achievement Among African American Adolescents

The purpose of this study was to examine academic disidentification along with demographic and psychological factors related to the academic achievement of African American adolescents. Participants included 96 African American students (41 males, 55 females) in an urban high school setting located in the Southwest. Consistent with previous research, academic disidentification was determined by looking for an attenuation of the correlation between academic self-concept and grade point average (GPA) of male and female students. The relationship between academic self-concept and grade point average significantly decreased for African American males, while it significantly increased for African American females. Demographic factors included age and sex, while psychological factors included academic self-concept, devaluing academic success, and racial identity. Results of a hierarchical regression indicated that sex and academic self-concept were significant positive predictors of GPA, while age and racial identity were significant negative predictors, accounting for 50% variance. Academic self-concept was the strongest predictor of GPA. Implications of the results are discussed.
Youth work: a systematic map of the research literature

This is the first systematic international map of youth work research. It provides a unique resource for investigating the content of youth work, how it is delivered and the terms in which it is assessed, both in formal evaluations of its impact and by children and young people themselves. It provides a valuable basis for developing an evidence-informed approach to policy and practice.
Optimization‐based autonomous racing of 1:43 scale RC cars

This paper describes autonomous racing of RC race cars based on mathematical optimization. Using a dynamical model of the vehicle, control inputs are computed by receding horizon based controllers, where the objective is to maximize progress on the track subject to the requirement of staying on the track and avoiding opponents. Two different control formulations are presented. The first controller employs a two‐level structure, consisting of a path planner and a nonlinear model predictive controller (NMPC) for tracking. The second controller combines both tasks in one nonlinear optimization problem (NLP) following the ideas of contouring control. Linear time varying models obtained by linearization are used to build local approximations of the control NLPs in the form of convex quadratic programs (QPs) at each sampling time. The resulting QPs have a typical MPC structure and can be solved in the range of milliseconds by recent structure exploiting solvers, which is key to the real‐time feasibility of the overall control scheme. Obstacle avoidance is incorporated by means of a high‐level corridor planner based on dynamic programming, which generates convex constraints for the controllers according to the current position of opponents and the track layout. The control performance is investigated experimentally using 1:43 scale RC race cars, driven at speeds of more than 3 m/s and in operating regions with saturated rear tire forces (drifting). The algorithms run at 50 Hz sampling rate on embedded computing platforms, demonstrating the real‐time feasibility and high performance of optimization‐based approaches for autonomous racing. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
An effective classification system for separating sugar beets and weeds for precision farming applications

Robots for precision farming have the potential to reduce the reliance on herbicides and pesticides through selectively spraying individual plants or through manual weed removal. To achieve this, the value crops and the weeds must be identified by the robot's perception system to trigger the actuators for spraying or removal. In this paper, we address the problem of detecting the sugar beet plants as well as weeds using a camera installed on a mobile robot operating on a field. We propose a system that performs vegetation detection, feature extraction, random forest classification, and smoothing through a Markov random field to obtain an accurate estimate of the crops and weeds. We implemented and thoroughly evaluated our system on a real farm robot on different sugar beet fields and illustrate that our approach allows for accurately identifying the weed on the field.
Moving beyond homonormativity in teacher training: experiences from South Australia

As growing numbers of children from lesbian mother families enter the Australian education system, there comes with this an injunction to better include such families. The first step towards such inclusion should be to ensure that teachers are provided with knowledge about lesbian mother families that moves beyond simply refuting stereotypes, and towards acknowledgement of the specific experiences and needs of this family form. However, it is important that educators, when attempting to include lesbian mothers and their children, do not instantiate new norms when attempting to challenge old stereotypes. This paper reports on the development and application of a workshop aimed at providing education students at one South Australian university with a framework for understanding lesbian mother families that is critical of norms in all their forms, including amongst those who research lesbian mother families. It is suggested that the positive findings from the workshop may reflect the utility of challenging both heteronormativity and homonormativity in conjunction with one another so as to present students with a broadly critical approach to sexuality education.
Evaluation of technetium-99m-sestamibi lung uptake: correlation with left ventricular function.

UNLABELLED Lung uptake of 201Tl is a reliable marker of left ventricular dysfunction. The goal of our study was to establish whether the evaluation of lung-to-heart uptake ratios (LHR) with 99mTc-sestamibi imaging may provide valuable information. METHODS We studied 72 male subjects with recent anterior myocardial infarction undergoing 99mTc-sestamibi first-pass ventriculography and SPECT perfusion imaging. A group of 46 gender-matched subjects with low pre-test likelihood of CAD and normal exercise and rest 99mTc-sestamibi perfusion images was used as a control. The lung-to-heart count ratios (LHR) were calculated on planar projections from the sets of SPECT images. RESULTS Both groups were studied at rest and after a symptom-limited exercise tolerance test. In the control group a significant decrease in LHR was observed during stress (p < 0.001). The infarcted group showed significantly higher LHR values both at rest and at stress. Exercise and rest LHR values did not differ significantly. A positive correlation was observed between LHR values and left ventricular ejection fraction at rest and stress. CONCLUSION LHR, measured by 99mTc-sestamibi imaging, gives clinically useful information. Both resting and postexercise values are correlated with ejection fraction and should predict left ventricular dysfunction.
Global Citizenship and Human Rights: A Longitudinal Analysis of Social Studies and Ethics Textbooks in the Republic of Korea

What happens to traditional civic notions of nation, national identity, and constitutional rights when national curricula incorporate ideas of global citizenship, other national identities, diversity, and human rights? Using a longitudinal, mixed-methods approach, we address this issue by analyzing the nature of changes in South Korean civic education textbooks. Findings indicate that national citizenship themes remain core elements but that their emphases have weakened, while global citizenship themes have dramatically increased, especially in the 1990s and 2000s. In addition, the content and presentation of textbooks have become increasingly learner-centered, encouraging students to become self-directed, empowered individuals in a global society. Interviews with academics, practitioners, and policy makers indicate that both global and local factors contributed to these developments.
Are values more important than learning approaches? Factors influencing student performance at an international university

Educators frequently face the question regarding the extent to which they can actually influence student learning, particularly as learners are also influenced by a complex network of many different factors. Specifically, it is of interest to identify so called malleable variables that is factors which can be influenced by educators compared with variables that educators are unable to change. In this study, data from a cohort of 207 students pursuing a Bachelor degree at a German international university where the language of instruction is English are examined to investigate the way in which various background factors influence student performance. In particular, how students’ values – as measured by the Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ) (Schwartz et al. 2001) and approaches to learning – as measured by the Study Process Questionnaire (SPQ) (Biggs 1987b) – operate to influence student achievement both directly and indirectly. Results indicate that values and learning approaches have a similarly moderate impact on achievement once other factors, such as gender and whether students are enrolled in an Arts or a Science degree have been taken into account.
Computerized Analysis of Verbal Fluency: Normative Data and the Effects of Repeated Testing, Simulated Malingering, and Traumatic Brain Injury

In verbal fluency (VF) tests, subjects articulate words in a specified category during a short test period (typically 60 s). Verbal fluency tests are widely used to study language development and to evaluate memory retrieval in neuropsychiatric disorders. Performance is usually measured as the total number of correct words retrieved. Here, we describe the properties of a computerized VF (C-VF) test that tallies correct words and repetitions while providing additional lexical measures of word frequency, syllable count, and typicality. In addition, the C-VF permits (1) the analysis of the rate of responding over time, and (2) the analysis of the semantic relationships between words using a new method, Explicit Semantic Analysis (ESA), as well as the established semantic clustering and switching measures developed by Troyer et al. (1997). In Experiment 1, we gathered normative data from 180 subjects ranging in age from 18 to 82 years in semantic (“animals”) and phonemic (letter “F”) conditions. The number of words retrieved in 90 s correlated with education and daily hours of computer-use. The rate of word production declined sharply over time during both tests. In semantic conditions, correct-word scores correlated strongly with the number of ESA and Troyer-defined semantic switches as well as with an ESA-defined semantic organization index (SOI). In phonemic conditions, ESA revealed significant semantic influences in the sequence of words retrieved. In Experiment 2, we examined the test-retest reliability of different measures across three weekly tests in 40 young subjects. Different categories were used for each semantic (“animals”, “parts of the body”, and “foods”) and phonemic (letters “F”, “A”, and “S”) condition. After regressing out the influences of education and computer-use, we found that correct-word z-scores in the first session did not differ from those of the subjects in Experiment 1. Word production was uniformly greater in semantic than phonemic conditions. Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) of correct-word z-scores were higher for phonemic (0.91) than semantic (0.77) tests. In semantic conditions, good reliability was also seen for the SOI (ICC = 0.68) and ESA-defined switches in semantic categories (ICC = 0.62). In Experiment 3, we examined the performance of subjects from Experiment 2 when instructed to malinger: 38% showed abnormal (p< 0.05) performance in semantic conditions. Simulated malingerers with abnormal scores could be distinguished with 80% sensitivity and 89% specificity from subjects with abnormal scores in Experiment 1 using lexical, temporal, and semantic measures. In Experiment 4, we tested patients with mild and severe traumatic brain injury (mTBI and sTBI). Patients with mTBI performed within the normal range, while patients with sTBI showed significant impairments in correct-word z-scores and category shifts. The lexical, temporal, and semantic measures of the C-VF provide an automated and comprehensive description of verbal fluency performance.
Example-Based Cosmetic Transfer

Cosmetic makeup is used worldwide as a means to enhance beauty and express moods. An art form in its own right, cosmetic styles continuously change and evolve to reflect cultural and societal trends. While countless magazines and books are dedicated to demonstrating cosmetic art, the actual application of makeup still remains a physical endeavor. In this paper, we describe a procedure to apply cosmetic makeup to the image of a person's face with the click of a mouse. Our approach works from before- and-after example images created by professional makeup artists. Using our "cosmetic-transfer" procedure, we can realistically transfer the cosmetic style captured in the example-pair to another person's face. This greatly reduces the time and effort needed to demonstrate a cosmetic style on a new person's face. In addition, our approach can be used to mix-and- match, and even fine-tune, example styles, all virtually, without the need for any physical makeup.
Comfort with Acculturation Status among Students from South Texas

A 28-item acculturation rating scale for Mexican Americans was introduced, which was designed not only to measure the extent to which subjects vary in Mexican versusAnglo orientation, but also the extent to which they are comfortable with their cultural identity. The scale was adninistered to 844 subjects, comprising three different student populations in extreme south Texas. The scale demonstrated high internal consistency, and its validity was corroborated by commonly used criteria. The items in the scale clustered around five factors. Factor subscale scores computed for each subject related in meaningful ways with established validity criteria. Factor subscale scores were used to measure comfort with the subject's ethnic identity. The measures of comfort with ethnic identity related meaningfully with validity criteria. The measures of comfort with ethnic identity may prove useful in identifying individuals under pressure from acculturation stress.