Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Predictive value of measures of self-esteem and achievement motivation in four- to nine-year-old low-income children

This document is part of the ETS Head Start , longitudinal study, Disadvantaged Children,and Their First School Experiences. The present study investigated the.interrelationships 4among status, situational and process variables describing the child's home environment and the relationship of these variables to the child's concurrent cognitive-perceptual performance. Interview and test data collected when study children were 8 1/2 to 9 years of age were examined. The document is divided into chapters on sample characteristics, data Collection and data analysis procedures, description of selected variables, study families in year six, stability and change in family characteristics, relationship of family characteristics to children's cognitive perceptual performance, summary and conclusions. Appendices include year six parent interview materials, and'supplementary tables. (MS) *********************************************************************** Documentsacquired by ERIC include many informal unpublished * materials not available from other sources. ERIC makes every effort * * to obtain the best copy available. Nevertheless, items oi marginal * * reproducibility are often encountered and this affects the quality * * of the microfiche and hardcopy reproductions ERIC makes available * * via the ERIC Document-Reproduction Service (EDRS). EDRS is not * responsible for the quality of the original document. Reproductions * * supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original. * *********************************************************************** . U.S, DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION & WELFARE NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF EDUCATION r5 DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPROCEO EXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM E PERSON OR ORGANIZALION ORIGINNO IT POINTS OF VIEW OR OPINIONS ITED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPREiT OFFICIAL NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF LIGATION POSITION OR POLICY PR-75-2h 0DISADVANTAGED CHILDREN AND THEIR FIRST SCHOOL EXPERIENCES ETS-Head Start Longitudinal Study Stability and Change in Family Status, Situational, and T'rocess Variables and Their Relationship to Children's Cognitive Performance Virginia C. Shipman J. David McKee Brent Bridgeman *ith Melinda Boroson Paul Butler-Nalin Joyce Gant MiChaele Mikovsky
A Compact L-slit Microstrip antenna for GSM , Bluetooth , WiMAX & WLAN Applications

A single feed compact microstrip antenna is proposed in this paper. L slit is introduced on the right edge of the patch to study the effect of the slit on radiation behavior with respect to a conventional microstrip patch. The resonant frequencies are obtained at 1.85, 2.4, 3.44 &4.31 GHz with corresponding bandwidth 10 MHz, 15.13 MHz, 35.19 MHz, 56.13 MHz and return loss of about -29.58, -14.57, -15.89&-29.25 dB respectively. The antenna has been reduced by 63 % when compared to a conventional rectangular microstrip patch. The characteristics of the designed structure are investigated by using MoM based electromagnetic solver, IE3D.
Child's Conception of Movement and Speed

Introducing a new hobby for other people may inspire them to join with you. Reading, as one of mutual hobby, is considered as the very easy hobby to do. But, many people are not interested in this hobby. Why? Boring is the reason of why. However, this feel actually can deal with the book and time of you reading. Yeah, one that we will refer to break the boredom in reading is choosing child s conception of movement and speed as the reading material.
Barriers and enablers of physical activity engagement for patients with COPD in primary care

Background Given that physical activity (PA) has a positive impact on COPD symptoms and prognosis, this study examined the factors that both encourage and limit participation in PA for individuals with COPD in a primary care setting from the perspective of social cognitive theory. Methods A purposive sample of 26 individuals with a range of COPD severity (age range: 50–89 years; males =15) were recruited from primary care to participate in one of four focus groups. Thematic analysis was undertaken to identify key concepts related to their self-efficacy beliefs. Results Several barriers and enablers closely related to self-efficacy beliefs and symptom severity were identified. The main barriers were health related (fatigue, mobility problems, breathing issues caused by the weather), psychological (embarrassment, fear, frustration/disappointment), attitudinal (feeling in control of their condition, PA perception, older age perception), and motivational. The main enabling factors were related to motivation (autonomous or controlled), attitudes, self-regulation, and performance accomplishments. Clinical implications When designing interventions for individuals with COPD, it is important to understand the patient-specific social cognitive influences on PA participation. This information can then inform individually tailored management planning.
Service on a Stigmatized Board, Social Capital, and Change in Number of Directorships

This article seeks to develop a nuanced understanding about the relationship between service on a stigmatized board and reduced opportunities for future directorships on other boards by examining the moderating effects of different dimensions of director social capital on this relationship. Evidence based on a unique sample of firms with boards that were viewed as being stigmatized by a group of corporate governance experts suggests that while serving on a stigmatized board is related to a reduction in future number of directorships held, this relationship is significantly mitigated for directors of upper-class origins. However, social capital related to affiliations with other elite institutions does not appear to mitigate reduction in future number of directorships held by outside directors who serve on a stigmatized board. Implications and future directions in research on class-based influence in the corporate community and stigmatization and devaluation of elites associated with corporate failures are discussed.
Predictive value of different prognostic factors in breast cancer recurrences: multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity of different pre-operative parameters in patients with breast cancer (BC) recurrence using univariate and multivariate analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively analyzed a series of 387 women (median age 60 years, range 35-83 years) who underwent curative surgery for pT1-2 BC. The patients were divided into two groups: Group 1: 325 (84.0%) patients with no evidence of disease during a median follow-up of 53 months (range 25-149 months) and Group 2: 62 (16.0%) patients who developed local or distant recurrences. RESULTS Univariate analysis showed significant (p<0.01) differences between the two Groups in age, size and grading of the tumor and hormone receptor rate. MIB1 proliferation rate, serum markers CEA and CA 15-3, and lymph node status were not useful in predicting relapse. Multivariate analysis using a logistic regression model showed that only age, size of the tumor and hormone receptor rate independently correlate with the onset of recurrences. CONCLUSION There is no clear correlation between BC recurrence and the majority of the prognostic factors available. Multivariate analysis of several pre-operative parameters may help to correctly select the high risk population.
Inhibition of Human CYP2B6-Catalyzed Bupropion Hydroxylation by Ginkgo biloba Extract: Effect of Terpene Trilactones and Flavonols

Cytochrome P450 2B6 (CYP2B6) is expressed predominantly in human liver. It catalyzes the oxidative biotransformation of various drugs, including bupropion, which is an antidepressant and a tobacco use cessation agent. Serious adverse effects of high dosages of bupropion have been reported, including the onset of seizure. As Ginkgo biloba extract may be consumed with bupropion or another CYP2B6 drug substrate, potential exists for an herb-drug interaction. Therefore, we investigated the effect of G. biloba extract and some of its chemical constituents (terpene trilactones and flavonols) on the in vitro catalytic activity of CYP2B6 as assessed by the bupropion hydroxylation assay with recombinant enzyme and hepatic microsomes. The amount of hydroxybupropion was quantified by a novel and validated ultraperformance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry method. Enzyme kinetic analysis indicated that G. biloba extract competitively inhibited hepatic microsomal CYP2B6-catalyzed bupropion hydroxylation (apparent Ki was 162 ± 14 μg/ml). Bilobalide and ginkgolides A, B, C, and J were not responsible for the inhibition of CYP2B6 catalytic activity by the extract. Whereas the 3-O-glucoside and 3-O-rutinoside of quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin had no effect, the corresponding aglycones (10 and 50 μg/ml) decreased hepatic microsomal bupropion hydroxylation. The inhibition of CYP2B6 by kaempferol was competitive (apparent Ki was 10 ± 1 μg/ml). In summary, G. biloba extract and its flavonol aglycones are naturally occurring inhibitors of in vitro CYP2B6 catalytic activity and bupropion hydroxylation. Future studies are needed to investigate whether G. biloba extract interacts in vivo with bupropion or other clinically important CYP2B6 drug substrates.
The Representation of Behavioral Choice for Motion in Human Visual Cortex

Single-unit recording studies have demonstrated a close link between neural activity in the middle temporal (MT) area and motion perception. In contrast, researchers using functional magnetic resonance imaging and multivoxel pattern analysis methods have recently documented direction-specific responses within many regions of the visual system (e.g., visual cortical areas V1–V4v) not normally associated with motion processing. Our goal was to determine how these direction-selective response patterns directly relate to the conscious perception of motion. We dissociated neuronal responses associated with the perceptual experience of motion from the physical presence of motion in the display by asking observers to report the perceived direction of an ambiguous stimulus. Activation patterns in the human MT complex closely matched the reported perceptual state of the observer, whereas patterns in other visual areas did not. These results suggest that, even when selective responses to a given feature are distributed relatively broadly across the visual system, the conscious experience of that feature may be primarily based on activity within specialized cortical areas.
Preserving Content Integrity of Digital Holy Quran: Survey and Open Challenges

In recent years, a new trend has come up, which is that of reading the digital Quran online. This text was revealed more than 1400 years ago in the Arabic language and has been protected from all possible ways of distortion until today. Unfortunately, driven by the desire to make profit or gain publicity, fraudsters have started modifying certain Quranic verses. These alterations are misleading many people who are thus deprived of the original and accurate message of the Holy Quran. This paper focuses on systematically analyzing and categorizing existing research related to preserving and verifying the content integrity of the Quran. This paper further assesses these existing studies in terms of their evaluation parameters and findings. We find that the existing studies can be classified according to their format and methods, i.e., the online formats in which the Quranic content is available, methods employed to protect the Quranic content from modification, and last methods of verification. This paper concludes with the issue of future challenges and their possible solutions.
Ectopic atrial tachycardias with early activation at His site: radiofrequency ablation through a retrograde approach.

AIMS The purpose of this study was to evaluate a retrograde approach for radiofrequency (RF) ablation of ectopic atrial tachycardias (EATs) with an early atrial activation at the His site. METHODS AND RESULTS This study included 12 patients with EAT. During tachycardia, earliest atrial activation was recorded at the His site at a standard catheter setting. Activation mapping was performed in the right atrium and along the mitral annulus and at the aortic root after retrograde insertion of the ablation catheter over the ascending aorta. In five patients, earliest atrial activation was recorded at the mitral annulus (in two patients at the superior-lateral annulus and in three patients at the inferior-medial annulus). In four of these patients, EAT could be successfully treated by RF ablation through the retrograde approach, whereas in one patient, a transseptal puncture was performed in order to achieve a stable catheter position. In seven patients, RF ablation at the non-coronary aortic sinus eliminated the tachycardia. During a follow-up period of 14 +/- 8 months, there was no tachycardia recurrence. CONCLUSION In patients with EATs and early atrial activation at the His site, tachycardia may arise in the non-coronary aortic sinus or from the mitral annulus. Radiofrequency energy ablation can be performed through a retrograde approach in the majority of these patients and is safe and effective in eliminating this type of tachycardia.
Expression of Sirtuins in the Retinal Neurons of Mice, Rats, and Humans

Sirtuins are a class of histone deacetylases (HDACs) that have been shown to regulate a range of pathophysiological processes such as cellular aging, inflammation, metabolism, and cell proliferation. There are seven mammalian Sirtuins (SIRT1-7) that play important roles in stress response, aging, and neurodegenerative diseases. However, the location and function of Sirtuins in neurons are not well defined. This study assessed the retinal expression of Sirtuins in mice, rats, and humans and measured the expression of Sirtuins in aged and injured retinas. Expression of all 7 Sirtuins was confirmed by Western blot and Real-Time PCR analysis in all three species. SIRT1 is highly expressed in mouse, rat, and human retinas, whereas SIRT2-7 expression was relatively lower in human retinas. Immunofluorescence was also used to examine the expression and localization of Sirtuins in rat retinal neurons. Importantly, we demonstrate a marked reduction of SIRT1 expression in aged retinal neurons as well as retinas injured by acute ischemia-reperfusion. On the other hand, none of the other Sirtuins exhibit any significant age-related changes in expression except for SIRT5, which was significantly higher in the retinas of adults compared to both young and aged rats. Our work presents the first composite analysis of Sirtuins in the retinal neurons of mice, rats, and humans, and suggests that increasing the expression and activity of SIRT1 may be beneficial for the treatment of glaucoma and other age-related eye dysfunction.
Towards Understanding the Process of Identification with Fictional Characters: The Interplay of Positive Affect, Demographic Similarity, and Personality Similarity

Though identification is a construct that has been studied for over a century, surprisingly little is known about the process. Of particular interest to the fields of media and social psychology, identification is generally defined as a psychological process whereby people can vicariously experience the feelings and identity of another person. The current study aims to contribute to the understanding of identification by examining a number of components of identification that have yet to be examined in conjunction with one another. Few studies to date have examined the interactions of dispositional and situational factors that influence individuals’ identification with fictional characters. In the current study, situational affect, demographic similarities, and personality similarities were manipulated using an experimental design. Generally, results indicated that readers matching a character on gender and race tended to identify more with the character than those not matching on gender and/or race. Matching on race was also associated with other concepts related to identification, such as a greater willingness to purchase items that a character endorses. Matching on extraversion was also associated with concepts related to identification, such as interest in a character and the perception of being similar to the character, but only when extraversion levels of the viewer were high. Results also indicated that when readers experienced mildly happy moods, they experienced greater identification with the character and tended to feel more transported into the narrative. These results are discussed in terms of the cognitive and affective interactions that may mediate identification and the implications for future research and use in marketing, entertainment media, and advertising. BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH Kimberly Wong is an M.S. /Ph.D. candidate in the Department of Communication at Cornell University. She was born in Queens, New York and grew up in Stony Brook, NY, a suburban town on Long Island. She graduated from Cornell University in May 2005, with a Bachelor’s of Science with honors and distinction in Human Development. Upon finishing her undergraduate degree, she attended a Ph.D. program in Clinical Psychology at The Catholic University of America. After a year of clinical training, she realized that her true interest was in the intersection of Communication, Social Psychology, and Marketing, which led her back to Cornell for graduate school. In her free time, she enjoys painting, playing tennis and soccer, reading, running, and tutoring children.
Defect modes in otherwise perfect photonic crystals and photonic crystal fibers

Many of the applications of photonic crystals and photonic crystal fibers require the periodic structure to have some type of defect. In photonic crystal fibers a point defect defines the fiber core, whereas in photonic crystals a line defect acts as a waveguide, and point defects act as cavities. The modeling of these defects usually either makes use of periodic boundary conditions, by which the defect is replicated periodically, or models a photonic crystal of finite extent. However, some applications, for example the cut-off behavior of a defect mode where the field extends very widely, require methods that can model a defect in an otherwise infinite and perfectly periodic structure. Here we present such a method. It combines the method of fictitious sources with averaging over the Brillouin zone, and we apply it to study the long-wavelength behavior of the fundamental mode of photonic crystal fibers.
Behavioral and Brain Functions Dissociating Object Familiarity from Linguistic Properties in Mirror Word Reading

Background: It is known that the orthographic properties of linguistic stimuli are processed within the left occipitotemporal cortex at about 150–200 ms. We recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) to words in standard or mirror orientation to investigate the role of visual word form in reading. Word inversion was performed to determine whether rotated words lose their linguistic properties.
THE NuSTAR EXTRAGALACTIC SURVEY: A FIRST SENSITIVE LOOK AT THE HIGH-ENERGY COSMIC X-RAY BACKGROUND POPULATION

We report on the first 10 identifications of sources serendipitously detected by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array (NuSTAR) to provide the first sensitive census of the cosmic X-ray background source population at ≳ 10 keV. We find that these NuSTAR-detected sources are ≈100 times fainter than those previously detected at ≳ 10 keV and have a broad range in redshift and luminosity (z = 0.020–2.923 and L10–40 keV ≈ 4 × 1041–5 × 1045 erg s−1); the median redshift and luminosity are z ≈ 0.7 and L10–40 keV ≈ 3 × 1044 erg s−1, respectively. We characterize these sources on the basis of broad-band ≈0.5–32 keV spectroscopy, optical spectroscopy, and broad-band ultraviolet-to-mid-infrared spectral energy distribution analyses. We find that the dominant source population is quasars with L10–40 keV > 1044 erg s−1, of which ≈50% are obscured with NH ≳ 1022 cm−2. However, none of the 10 NuSTAR sources are Compton thick (NH ≳ 1024 cm−2) and we place a 90% confidence upper limit on the fraction of Compton-thick quasars (L10–40 keV > 1044 erg s−1) selected at ≳ 10 keV of ≲ 33% over the redshift range z = 0.5–1.1. We jointly fitted the rest-frame ≈10–40 keV data for all of the non-beamed sources with L10–40 keV > 1043 erg s−1 to constrain the average strength of reflection; we find R < 1.4 for Γ = 1.8, broadly consistent with that found for local active galactic nuclei (AGNs) observed at ≳ 10 keV. We also constrain the host-galaxy masses and find a median stellar mass of ≈1011 M☉, a factor ≈5 times higher than the median stellar mass of nearby high-energy selected AGNs, which may be at least partially driven by the order of magnitude higher X-ray luminosities of the NuSTAR sources. Within the low source-statistic limitations of our study, our results suggest that the overall properties of the NuSTAR sources are broadly similar to those of nearby high-energy selected AGNs but scaled up in luminosity and mass.
Biosynthesis of Partial Glycerides via Enzymatic Esterification of Mucor racimosus Lipase for Edible and Industrial Purposes

The present study is mainly focused on the screening of seven microorganisms for the production of most efficient lipase enzyme for the formation of glycerides (mainly monoglycerides and diglycerides). It was found that Mucor racimosus lipase enzyme was superior to all the other tested microbial lipases for the production of partial glycerides and triglycerides. The experiments were designed on the esterification reaction between mixed free fatty acids and glycerol as well as that of between the fatty acids oil and glycerol. The latter deals with the preparation of partial glycerides namely monoglycerides and diglycerides as well as triglycerides. These compounds can be used as emulsifiers for different industries. Enzymatic esterification parameters were carried out at a various incubation temperature, incubation period, enzyme concentration and substrate concentration to reveal the optimum conditions of esterification reaction. The highest esterification percent (89%) was achieved at the temperature of 30°C and incubation period of 24 hours using the enzyme concentration of 2.5 mg/ ml with the substrate concentration of 0.002M oleic acid and 0.12M glycerol.
Design of Parametrically Forced Patterns and Quasipatterns

The Faraday wave experiment is a classic example of a system driven by parametric forcing, and it produces a wide range of complex patterns, including superlattice patterns and quasipatterns. Nonlinear three-wave interactions between driven and weakly damped modes play a key role in determining which patterns are favored. We use this idea to design single and multifrequency forcing functions that produce examples of superlattice patterns and quasipatterns in a new model PDE with parametric forcing. We make quantitative comparisons between the predicted patterns and the solutions of the PDE. Unexpectedly, the agreement is good only for parameter values very close to onset. The reason that the range of validity is limited is that the theory requires strong damping of all modes apart from the driven pattern-forming modes. This is in conflict with the requirement for weak damping if three-wave coupling is to influence pattern selection effectively. We distinguish the two different ways that three-wave interac.