Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Lipid composition of human neural tumors.

Gangliosides, cholesterol, and phospholipids were quantitated in the tissues of 11 human neural tumors and the cells of two gliomas cultured in vitro. All tumor tissues contained higher water concentrations but lower total lipid concentrations than either human grey or white matter. In general they contained less cholesterol, sphingomyelin, and serine glycerophospholipid but more choline glycerophospholipid than white matter. Concentrations of total ganglioside sialic acid were intermediate between grey and white matter. Compared with normal brain, all tumors had greater proportions of the structurally less complex gangliosides and smaller proportions of the more complex gangliosides. This was most marked in the rapidly growing tumors while the better differentiated astrocytomas contained the greatest proportions of complex gangliosides. The cells of the cultured tumors contained amounts of total lipid and total phospholipid similar to their parent tissues. However, the cultures had less cholesterol, sphingomyelin, and total ganglioside than their parent tissues. There were significant amounts of choline and ethanolamine plasmalogens in both cultures and parent tissues. The ganglioside patterns of both cultures were complex but they contained a greater proportion of structurally simpler gangliosides than their parent tissues. -Yates, A. J., D. K. Thompson, C. P. Boesel, C. Albrightson, and R. W. Hart. Lipid composition of human neural tumors.
Contingency theory of group communication effectiveness in Korean organizations: influence of fit between organizational structural variables and group relational climate on communication effectiveness

Contingency Theory of Group Communication Effectiveness in Korean Organizations: Influence of Fit between Organizational Structural Variables and Group Relational Climate on Communication Effectiveness. (August 2005) Woon Young Cho, B.S., SungKyunKwan University; M.A., University of Oklahoma Chair of Advisory Committee: Dr. Marshall Scott Poole This study developed and tested a contingency model of group communication in Korean workgroups that posited that the communication effectiveness and group performance of workgroups is determined by the “fit” of communication practices with organization structure and group relational climate. A contingency model incorporates three variables: contingency variables, response variables, and performance variables. Based on a review of the literature on Korean organizations and groups, the model incorporated two contingency variables: organizational structure and group relational climate. Organizational structure was indexed by the level of centralization and formalizations in the organization. Group relational climate was indexed by the level of closeness and group conformity among members. The response
Control of affective content in music production

Music is a ubiquitous media in our lives, used in many contexts. The possibility to select appropriate affective music can be helpful to adapt music to our emotional interest. Our work intends to design a system to control affective content in music production. This is done by taking into account a knowledge base with mappings between affective states (e.g. happiness, sadness) and music features (e.g. rhythm, melody). The knowledge base is grounded on background knowledge from music psychology. Our system starts with the reception of an emotional description specified by the user. Next, mappings are selected from the knowledge base, according to the emotional description. Music is retrieved from a music base (recorded sound and MIDI files) according to similarity metrics between music features (of mappings and music base). Afterward, selected music can be subject to transforming, sequencing and remixing algorithms, and then played. The inclusion of third party composition software is also envisaged. To assess the system, listener emotional state can be analyzed using psychophysiological or self-report measures.
Neuromodulation of the Feedforward Dentate Gyrus-CA3 Microcircuit

The feedforward dentate gyrus-CA3 microcircuit in the hippocampus is thought to activate ensembles of CA3 pyramidal cells and interneurons to encode and retrieve episodic memories. The creation of these CA3 ensembles depends on neuromodulatory input and synaptic plasticity within this microcircuit. Here we review the mechanisms by which the neuromodulators aceylcholine, noradrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin reconfigure this microcircuit and thereby infer the net effect of these modulators on the processes of episodic memory encoding and retrieval.
Surveying the Territory: GVU's Five WWW User Surveys

Five years is not very long on most historical scales, but for the World Wide Web (WWW) it constitutes a lifetime. A question almost as old as the web itself is, "Who is using it, and for what? " One way to answer this question is to use paper surveys, telephone surveys, or diaries which are some of the the same methods used to measure the audiences of other one-way media such as television and radio. However, something interesting happened in early 1994: the implementation of HTML Forms turned the web into a two-way medium which made it possible to contact the audience directly. To test the viability of the web as a survey medium and collect preliminary data on the web population, the first GVU WWW User Survey was conducted in January 1994. Subsequent surveys have been conducted approximately every six months. The collection of responses from over 55,000 Web users over five surveys has given us a unique perspective on the advances in surveying technology and methodology and changes in the web population itself. In the following sections, we discuss what we have learned in each of these areas.
A comparison of the horizontal and vertical vestibulo‐ocular reflexes of the rabbit

1. The gain and phase of the horizontal (H.v.o.r.) and vertical (V.v.o.r.) vestibulo‐ocular reflexes were measured in rabbits. The V.v. o.r. was evoked by sinusoidal rolls about the longitudinal axis of the rabbit. This axis was maintained at different orientations with respect to the earth horizontal axis: V.v. o.r. 0°, prone; V.v. o.r. 90°, ‘nose‐up’; V.v. o.r. 180°, supine; V.v. o.r. 0°L, left side down.
Feasibility and Efficacy of Ultrasound-Guided Block of the Saphenous Nerve in the Adductor Canal

Background and Objectives: Saphenous nerve (SN) block can be technically challenging because it is a small and exclusively sensory nerve. Traditional techniques using surface landmarks and nerve stimulation are limited by inconsistent success rates. This descriptive prospective study assesses the feasibility of performing an ultrasound-guided SN block in the distal thigh. Methods: After the research ethics board's approval and written informed consent, 20 patients undergoing ankle or foot surgery underwent ultrasonography of the medial aspect of the thigh to identify the SN in the adductor canal, as it lies adjacent to the femoral artery (FA), deep to the sartorius muscle. An insulated needle was advanced in plane under real-time guidance toward the nerve. After attempting to elicit paresthesia with nerve stimulation, 2% lidocaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine (5 mL) and 0.5% bupivacaine (5 mL) were injected around the SN. Results: The SN was identified in all patients, most frequently in an anteromedial position relative to the FA, at a depth of 2.7 ± 0.6 cm and 12.7 ± 2.2 cm proximal to the knee joint. Complete anesthesia in the SN distribution developed in all patients by 25 mins after injection. Conclusions: In this small descriptive study, ultrasound-guided SN block in the adductor canal was technically simple and reliable, providing consistent nerve identification and block success.
A hybrid mapping approach with a fuzzy representation for mobile robots

A mapping strategy requiring a light sensory apparatus in the robot is described. Space is de ned as a sequence of primitives that arise by classifying with a fuzzy representation the movements executed by the robot in respect to distance and curvature. The approach is developed taking in mind indoor environments. Some experiments over a simulated Khepera robot are reported. The main features of the approach are discussed in relation to other research e orts.
Electromagnetically Interacting Massive Spin-2 Field: Intrinsic Cutoff and Pathologies in External Fields

By employing the Stueckelberg formalism, we argue that the theory of massive spin-2 field coupled to electromagnetism in flat space must have an intrinsic, model independent, finite UV cutoff. We show how the very existence of a cutoff has connection to other pathologies of the system, such as superluminal propagation. We comment on the generalization of the results to arbitrary spin, and to gravitational interaction.
The Motorola WEAVR : Model Weaving in a Large Industrial Context

This paper reports on the development of an Aspect-Oriented Modeling engine and its initial deployment within the ModelDriven Engineering environment used in production at Motorola. The development environment is presented in detail, through a small example, and the current state of Aspect-Oriented Software Development technologies are discussed in this context. The report presents the particular decision made concerning the design and the deployment of the Motorola WEAVR Aspect-Oriented Modeling engine in light of the particular needs of the telecom system engineering industry. First, we motivate a model weaving approach as opposed to the more traditional aspect modeling, code generation and code-level weaving approaches. Second, we present a novel join point model for transition-centric state machines, and discuss its use within a large industrial context. Finally, we report on the initial adoption of the weaving engine within production teams and its impact on the development process.
The Bounds of Sense

The Bounds of Sense is one of the most influential books ever written about Kant's philosophy, and is one of the key philosophical works of the late Twentieth century. Although it is probably best known for its criticism of Kant's transcendental idealism, it is also famous for the highly original manner in which Strawson defended and developed some of Kant's fundamental insights into the nature of subjectivity, experience and knowledge. The book had a profound effect on the interpretation of Kant's philosophy when it was first published in 1966 and continues to influence discussion of Kant, the soundness of transcendental arguments, and debates in epistemology and metaphysics generally.
On the design of a science orbit about Europa

A science mission about Europa requires high-inclination low-altitude orbits. However, perturbations of Jupiter on the orbiter result in instability. Previous approaches to maximize the lifetime of the orbiter use the doubly averaged problem. We work with the unaveraged equations and find unstable periodic orbits with long lifetimes. These low-altitude repeat ground track solutions exist at all inclinations, making them suitable for mapping missions. The governing dynamics include Hill's model and a Europa gravity field based on synchronous moon theory. Inclusion of additional gravity terms is trivial to the solution method, and for the case of J3, we find a marginal impact on orbit lifetime. The science orbits are found to last on the order of 1 year when the initial conditions are achieved to 11 significant digits and 4 months when only 3 significant digits are achieved. Finally, we demonstrate that the solutions are robust in a realistic ephemeris model, finding average lifetimes of 3 to 4 months for wide range of initial conditions with peak lifetimes of up to 6 months.
Matroids and integrality gaps for hypergraphic steiner tree relaxations

Until recently, LP relaxations have only played a very limited role in the design of approximation algorithms for the Steiner tree problem. In particular, no (efficiently solvable) Steiner tree relaxation was known to have an integrality gap bounded away from 2, before Byrka et al. [3] showed an upper bound of ~1.55 of a hypergraphic LP relaxation and presented a ln(4)+ε ~1.39 approximation based on this relaxation. Interestingly, even though their approach is LP based, they do not compare the solution produced against the LP value. We take a fresh look at hypergraphic LP relaxations for the Steiner tree problem---one that heavily exploits methods and results from the theory of matroids and submodular functions---which leads to stronger integrality gaps, faster algorithms, and a variety of structural insights of independent interest. More precisely, along the lines of the algorithm of Byrka et al.[3], we present a deterministic ln(4)+ε approximation that compares against the LP value and therefore proves a matching ln(4) upper bound on the integrality gap of hypergraphic relaxations. Similarly to [3], we iteratively fix one component and update the LP solution. However, whereas in [3] the LP is solved at every iteration after contracting a component, we show how feasibility can be maintained by a greedy procedure on a well-chosen matroid. Apart from avoiding the expensive step of solving a hypergraphic LP at each iteration, our algorithm can be analyzed using a simple potential function. This potential function gives an easy means to determine stronger approximation guarantees and integrality gaps when considering restricted graph topologies. In particular, this readily leads to a 73/60 ~1.217 upper bound on the integrality gap of hypergraphic relaxations for quasi-bipartite graphs. Additionally, for the case of quasi-bipartite graphs, we present a simple algorithm to transform an optimal solution to the bidirected cut relaxation to an optimal solution of the hypergraphic relaxation, leading to a fast 73/60 approximation for quasi-bipartite graphs. Furthermore, we show how the separation problem of the hypergraphic relaxation can be solved by computing maximum flows, which provides a way to obtain a fast independence oracle for the matroids that we use in our approach.
Complex Role Inclusion Axioms

Motivated by medical terminology applications, we investigate the decidability of the well known expressive DL, , extended with role inclusion axioms (RIAs) of the form . We show that this extension is undecidable even when RIAs are restricted to the forms or , but that decidability can be regained by further restricting RIAs to be acyclic. We present a tableau algorithm for this DL and report on its implementation, which behaves well in practise and provides important additional functionality in a medical terminology application.
Applying the open method of co-ordination back home: the case of Greek pension policy

Η υιοθέτηση της Στρατηγικής της Λισσαβώνας (αρχικής και αναθeωρημένης) και η eισαγωγή της Ανοικτής Μeθόδου Συντονισμού (ΑΜΣ) σηματοδοτούν την έναρξη μιας νέας πeριόδου όσον αφορά τον eξeυρωπαϊσμό της κοινωνικής πολιτικής, ο οποίος χαρακτηρίζeται από τη μη δeσμeυτική συνeργασία μeταξύ των κρατών μeλών. Το παρόν άρθρο eξeτάζeι eιδικότeρα τη συμβολή της ΑΜΣ στη διαδικασία μeταρρύθμισης του eλληνικού συστήματος κοινωνικής ασφάλισης, μέσω της eξέτασης της προeτοιμασίας των Eθνικών Eκθέσeων Στρατηγικής (EEΣ), της συμμeτοχής των eθνικών eκπροσώπων στις eυρωπαϊκές eπιτροπές και των δυνατοτήτων αμοιβαίας μάθησης που προσφέρeι η διαδικασία. Η eμπeιρική ανάλυση αναδeικνύeι τον πeριθωριακό χαρακτήρα της διαδικασίας και την αποτυχία της στην υποκίνηση μιας διαδικασίας eπανeξέτασης των υφιστάμeνων πολιτικών, στοιχeία που eρμηνeύονται από την αδυναμία eνσωμάτωσης από την Eλλάδα διαδικασιών που δίνουν έμφαση στην αποκέντρωση και τη συμμeτοχικότητα.
Association of the Angiotensinogen M235T and APO E Gene Polymorphisms in Turkish Type 2 Diabetic Patients with and without Nephropathy

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a leading cause of diabetes-related morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of AGT M235T and apoprotein E (APO E) gene polymorphism with DN in Turkish patients of Type 2 diabetes, and to compare genotype and allele distributions among DN patients, non-DN patients, and healthy controls. Methods: AGT M235T and APO E genotype and allele analysis were performed in 111 DN patients, 108 non-DN patients, 106 healthy control subjects for APO E genotype, and 100 for AGT M235T genotype polymorphism. APO E and AGT M235T genotype were determined by RFLP-PCR. Results: The frequencies of APO E ε2/3, ε 3/3, ε 3/4 genotypes were 22.7%, 60%, 60%, respectively, among DN patients and 6.6%, 80%, 10.4%, respectively (p < 0.001), in the non-DN patients. The frequencies of AGT M235T MM, MT, TT genotypes among the same groups were 17%, 46%, 37% and 21%, 63%, 16%, respectively (p < 0.02). Having the ε2/3 genotype and TT genotype increased the risk for DN nephropathy [4.8-fold (95% CI: 1.94–11.67), 2.9-fold (95% CI: 1.27–6.69), respectively]. Conclusion: Our study has shown that AGT M235T TT genotype and APO E ε 2/3 genotype may be linked to a risk for DN among Turkish population.
An Extended Transaction Cost Model of Decision Rights Allocation in Franchising: The Moderating Role of Trust

This study develops and tests an extended transaction cost model to explain the structure of decision rights in franchising. Results show that the inclusion of trust in the transaction cost model supplements the transaction cost explanation of the allocation of decision rights in franchising. On the basis of the data from the German franchise sector, we found that environmental uncertainty has a negative effect on the allocation of decision rights to franchisees because the franchisor exercises more control over local outlet decisions when the local market environment is highly uncertain. Contrary to the traditional transaction cost view, we found that behavioral uncertainty has a positive effect on the allocation of decision rights to franchisees. This result implies that franchisors are more likely to delegate decision rights to franchisees when they encounter difficulties in measuring franchisees' performance and controlling their behavior. Finally, trust has a moderating effect on the relationship between transaction cost variables and franchisor's propensity to delegate decision rights to franchisees. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Influence of Employee Affect on Leader-Member Exchange and Perceptions of Psychological Contract Violation

This research investigated employeesâ€™ psychological dispositions of positive affect, negative affect, and cynicism as potential influences upon their perceptions of psychological contract fulfillment or violation. Leader-member exchange (LMX) was hypothesized to serve as a partial mediator of the relationship. Prior research has focused mainly on direct relationships between various personality variables and either LMX or psychological contract violation; none have yet examined LMX as a potential mediator. A model of these proposed relationships was developed based on theory drawn from the areas of social psychology, LMX, and psychological contracts. Survey data was gathered from 278 respondents across five organizations and structural equation modeling was used to examine the strength of the relationships in the proposed model. While positive affect and negative affect were found to significantly relate to both LMX and the perception of psychological contract violation, LMX was not found to function as a mediator of the relationship. Employee cynicism was not significantly related to LMX and only weakly related to perceptions of psychological contract violation
Progress in Asymmetric Resonant Cavities: Using Shape as a Design Parameter in Dielectric Microcavity Lasers

We report on progress in developing optical microresonators and microlasers based on deformations of dielectric spheres and cylinders. We review the different semiconductor and polymer dye microlasers which have been developed and demonstrated using this approach. All the lasers exhibit highly directional emission despite the presence of ray chaos in the system. Lasing has been demonstrated using both optical pumping and electrical pumping in the case of InGaP quantum cascade lasers and very recently in GaN MQW lasers. Lasing modes based on stable and unstable periodic orbits have been found as well as modes based on chaotic whispering gallery orbits; the lasing mode depending on the material, shape and index of refraction. The lasing from modes based on unstable orbits dominated for certain shapes in the GaN cylinder lasers, and is related to the “scarred” states known from quantum chaos theory. Extreme sensitivity of the emission pattern to small shape differences has been demonstrated in the polymer microlasers. Large increases in output power due to optimization of the resonator shape has been demonstrated, most notably in the quantum cascade “bowtie” lasers. Efficient numerical approaches have been developed to allow rapid calculation of the resonant modes and their directional emission patterns for general resonator shapes. These are necessary because the lasing modes are not usually amenable to standard analytic techniques such as Gaussian optical or eikonal theory. Theoretical analysis of the directional emission from polymer lasers has shown that highly directional emission is compatible with strongly chaotic ray dynamics due to the non-random character of the short-term dynamics. Very recently uni-directional emission and electrical pumping have been demonstrated in the GaN MQW system using a spiral-shaped resonator design, bringing this general approach in which shape is used as a design parameter closer to useful applications.
Edinburgh Research Explorer Measurement of Ability Emotional Intelligence: Results for Two New Tests Measurement of Ability Emotional Intelligence (ei): Results for Two New Tests

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Going to action? A literature review on educational proposals in formal Environmental Education

The current state of the planet’s environmental deterioration calls for formal educational contexts to implement effective environmental proposals which nurture action competence. The aim of this paper is to examine the educational proposals in formal contexts that have been published in the two research journals of greatest impact on Environmental Education during the period 2008–2013, and to analyse how they contribute to the development of action competence. Special attention is paid to research (i) based on real participation by students; (ii) promotes reflection on the complexity of environmental issues; (iii) facilitates critical thinking; (iv) encourages autonomous and responsible decision-making and (v) involves communities. Our results show that these approaches can help improve the development of action-focused environmental education and bring to light a series of challenges for future research.