Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Discourse analysis of newspaper headlines : a methodological framework for research into national representations

The discussion of the theoretical and methodological issues involved in the discourse analysis of newspaper headlines which forms the basis of this research note, arises out of a study comparing the Australian and French press at the time of the crisis in Franco-Australian relations provoked by President Chirac's decision to recommence nuclear testing in the South Pacific in June 1995. This study formed part of a larger project: 'Xenophobia and xenophilia in Franco-Australian relations', undertaken by researchers from France and Australia and coordinated by Peter Cryle, University of Queensland, and Genevieve Zarate, ENS Fontenay/Saint-Cloud, which examined the representations of the two nations in a range of media over the months before, during and after the crisis. (1) To undertake the study of the press, a corpus was constituted from coverage of the crisis in both French and Australian daily papers. One of the challenges posed by study of the press is how to arrive at valid conclusions, given that the time-consuming nature of discourse analysis makes it difficult to undertake the detailed analysis of a large number of articles. We thus sought a method which would allow us to gain an overview of an extensive corpus. The solution which we arrived at, the study of headlines, offers a number of distinct advantages which we outline in this article. A corpus of headlines facilitates quantitative analysis, for example, a longitudinal study of the frequency of headlines on a particular issue can reveal the evolution in the prominence given to a topic over time; a comparison between newspapers can reveal the relative importance each paper gave to an issue during a particular period. However this research note concentrates on the broader theoretical and methodological issues involved in using headlines in research and identifies the linguistic features which are typical of them. It argues further that headlines are particularly revealing of the social, cultural and therefore national representations circulating in a society at a given time.
The relationship between teacher self-concept, teacher efficacy and burnout

ABSTRACT Teacher self-concept and efficacy have been investigated with burnout separately, while the two self-beliefs might work together to impact burnout. Guided by a model of the cyclical nature of teacher efficacy, we aimed to extend previous work on self-perceived predictors of teacher burnout by simultaneously investigating teacher self-concept and efficacy to detect the possibility of teacher efficacy being a mediator between teacher self-concept and burnout as well as whether such relationship remains constant across all groups of teachers with different gender and teaching experience. A sample of 1892 teachers across seven Chinese geographical regions completed a self-reported questionnaire addressing self-concept, efficacy, burnout and demographic variables. Structural equation modelling indicated that teacher self-concept influenced the burnout dimensions of emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation and reduced personal accomplishment via teacher efficacy. Further multi-group analysis suggested that this mechanism worked equally across different gender and teaching experience groups. With a non-western teacher sample, teacher efficacy was found to work as a mediator between teacher self-concept and burnout. The finding especially contributes to the knowledge in the teacher efficacy literature. The integrated relationship should be further explored in other cultures.
Abnormal patterns of the renal veins

Knowledge of the renal vascular anatomy may greatly contribute to the success of surgical, invasive and radiological procedures of the retroperitoneal region. Here, morphometric and histological studies of a human cadaveric specimen presented a complex, anomalous pattern of renal veins. The left renal vein had an oblique retro-aortic course and received two lumbar veins. It bifurcated near its drainage point into the inferior vena cava. The right renal vein received the right testicular vein. In addition, the left kidney was located at a low position. The spleen was enlarged. The present case is unique and provides information that may help surgeons or angiologists to apply safer interventions.
Computational complexity of one reputation metric

This article addresses a problem of practical computation of a previously defined (Grischenko, 2004) reputation metric in P2P (peer-to-peer) environments. This problem turns out to be identical to a very generic all-pairs-shortest-paths problem (APSP) calculated in a distributed environment. An algorithm of practically acceptable computational cost is introduced and analyzed.
Effect of glucose and galactose on microcirculatory flow in normal and neoplastic tissues in rabbits.

Red blood cell (RBC) velocity and vessel lumen diameter were measured in individual microvessels of both normal (mature granulation) and neoplastic (VX2 carcinoma) tissues grown in a transparent ear chamber prior to and following glucose and galactose injections (6 g/kg i.v.) in anesthetized rabbits. RBC velocity was measured using the dual-slit photometric technique and the diameter of the vessels was determined using an image shearing device. From these measurements, the mean volumetric flow rates in the individual vessels were determined. Glucose produced a 90% decrease in RBC velocity and blood flow rate in the tumor at 65 min postinjection without modifying the flow in the normal tissue. Galactose, on the other hand, decreased RBC velocity and blood flow in the tumor and normal tissues by approximately 90 and 55%, respectively, at 65 and 5 min postinjection. Neither glucose nor galactose caused any statistically significant changes in vessel diameter, WBC adhesion to vessels, microvascular permeability, or systemic viscosity. Results suggest that the mechanism responsible for flow reduction in tumors due to glucose and galactose are both systemic and local. Systemic mechanisms include reduction and redistribution of the cardiac output. Local mechanisms for glucose include blockage of rigid RBC in the tortuous vasculature of tumor and increase in local blood viscosity also due to RBC rigidity. Increase in RBC rigidity is caused by glucose itself as well as by low pH in tumors. Results also show that the local mechanisms responsible for blood flow reduction following galactose injection differ from those responsible for the reduction following glucose injection.
Binomial Edge Ideals of Graphs

We characterize all graphs whose binomial edge ideals have a linear resolution. Indeed, we show that complete graphs are the only graphs with this property. We also compute some graded components of the first Betti number of the binomial edge ideal of a graph with respect to the graphical terms. Finally, we give an upper bound for the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of the binomial edge ideal of a closed graph.
Modulation of RANTES production by human cytomegalovirus infection of fibroblasts

Chemokines play a major role in inflammatory responses and affect hematopoiesis both negatively and positively. We show that fresh isolates and laboratory strains (Towne and Ad-169) of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) induce production of the CC chemokine RANTES in fibroblasts. Induction of extracellular RANTES production occurred as early as 8 h after infection, peaked around 24 h after infection, and was almost undetectable by 48 and 72 h. Upregulation occurred in the absence of viral DNA synthesis, suggesting that it was due to immediate-early-early HCMV gene expression. CMV infection stimulated RANTES transcription, since reverse transcription-PCR detected a sharp increase in RANTES RNA which persisted even when extracellular RANTES was no longer detected. Induction of RANTES in fibroblasts was not due to prior induction of tumor necrosis factor alpha or interleukin 1 beta. Down-regulation required an active viral genome. Decrease of RANTES in culture supernatants may be associated with the appearance of the HCMV CC chemokine receptor US28, since we show that this gene is transcribed as early as 8 h after infection. Modulation of CC chemokine production early during CMV infection might have a regulatory effect on viral replication, as well as affect immune surveillance.
Evaluation of Bacteriological and Chemical Quality of Dialysis Water and Fluid in Isfahan, Central Iran

Background: Chemical and microbial quality of water used in hemodialysis play key roles in a number of dialysis-related complications. In order to avoid the complications and to guarantee safety and health of patients therefore, vigorous control of water quality is essential. The objective of present study was to investigate the chemical and bacteriological characteristics of water used in dialysis centers of five hospitals in Isfahan, central Iran. Methods: A total of 30 water samples from the input of dialysis purification system and dialysis water were analyzed for chemical parameters. Heterotrophic plate count and endotoxin concentration of drinking water, dialysis water and dialysis fluid of 40 machines were also monitored over a 5-month period in 2011–2012. Results: Concentration of the determined chemicals (copper, zinc, sulfate, fluoride, chloramines and free chlorine) did not exceed the recommended concentration by the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (AAMI) exclude lead, nitrate, aluminum and calcium. Furthermore, the magnesium; cadmium and chromium concentration exceeded the maximum level in some centers. No contamination with heterotrophic bacteria was observed in all samples, while the AMMI standard for endotoxin level in dialysis fluid (<2 EU/ml) was achieved in 95% of samples. Conclusion: Dialysis water and fluid failed to meet the all chemical and bacteriological requirements for hemodialysis. To minimize the risk of contaminants for hemodialysis patients therefore, a water quality management program including monitoring, maintenance and development of water treatment system in hemodialysis centers is extremely important. In addition, an appropriate disinfection program is needed to guarantee better control of bacterial growth and biofilm formation.
The acceleration time-scale for first-order Fermi acceleration in relativistic shock waves

The acceleration time scale for the process of rst-order Fermi acceleration in relativistic shock waves with oblique magnetic eld congurations is investigated by the method of Monte Carlo particle simulations. We discuss the dierences in derivation of the cosmic ray acceleration time scale for non-relativistic and relativistic shocks. We demonstrate the presence of correlation between the particle energy gain at interaction with the shock and the respective time elapsed since the previous interaction. Because of that any derivation of the acceleration time scale can not use the distribution of energy gains and the distribution of times separately. The time scale discussed in the present paper, T (c) acc, is the one describing the rate of change of the particle spectrum cut-o energy in the time dependent evolution. It is derived using a simplied method involving small amplitude particle momentum scattering and intended to model the situations with anisotropic cosmic ray distributions. We consider shocks with parallel, as well as oblique, sub- and super-luminal magnetic eld congurations with nite amplitude perturbations, B. At parallel shocks T (c) acc diminishes with the growing perturbation
Trait anxiety predicts the response to acute psychological stress

the TSST and the stress response was measured with heart rate (the index of the response in sympathetic adrenal medulla) and salivary cortisol (the index of the response in hypothalamus pituitary-adrenal). Two hierarchical multiple regression analyses were utilized to study how trait anxiety predicts the heart rate and salivary cortisol response toward stress. The result showed that the TSST elicited significantly acute psychological stress responses. Specifically, both heart rate and salivary cortisol during the TSST were higher than that measured at any other time points. Regression analysis corroborated that after controlling for gender, age and education years, trait anxiety significantly and negatively predicted heart rate response ( β =  0.35, p < 0.01), but not salivary cortisol response to acute psychological stress. The present findings suggest that trait anxiety is a powerful predictor of sympathetic adrenal medulla response, i.e., individuals with higher level of trait anxiety perform lower sympathetic nerve activity in rapid response to acute psychological stress. Individuals with high trait anxiety may experience long-term anxiety in their daily life and chronic consumption of psychophysiological resources, thereby resulting in the limited response to acute
Reactivation of Human Herpesvirus-6 in Natalizumab Treated Multiple Sclerosis Patients

The α4 integrin antagonist natalizumab was shown to be effective in patients with immune-mediated disorders but was unexpectedly associated with JC polyomavirus associated progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in two multiple sclerosis (MS) and one Crohn's disease patients. Impaired immune surveillance due to natalizumab treatment may have contributed to the JCV reactivation. As HHV-6 has been suggested to play a role in MS, we asked whether this virus could also have been reactivated during natalizumab therapy. Matched sera and CSF from a limited set of MS patients treated with and without natalizumab were examined for evidence of HHV-6. In addition, we also superinfected a persistent JC virus infected glial cell with HHV-6A to determine if JC virus can be increased. Elevated serum HHV6 IgG and HHV-6A DNA was detected in the CSF of a subset of patients but not controls. We confirmed that superinfection with HHV-6 of a JC virus infected glial cells increased expression of JCV. These results support the hypothesis that treatment with natalizumab may be associated with reduced immune surveillance resulting in reactivation of viruses associated with MS pathogenesis.
How to Support Toddlers’ Autonomy: Socialization Practices Reported by Parents

ABSTRACT Autonomy-supportive parenting is found to foster children’s adjustment but relatively few studies have been conducted with toddlers. In the present exploratory study, parents (N = 182) reported what practices they use when asking their toddlers (M age = 26.9 months) to engage in important yet uninteresting activities. Parents rated twenty-six potentially autonomy-supportive practices, along with a well-known scale measuring the extent to which they have a positive attitude towards autonomy support. Research Findings: Using correlational and factorial analyses, eight practices were identified: various ways to communicate empathy, providing developmentally appropriate rationales, describing the problem in an informational and neutral way, and modeling the requested behavior. This subset of autonomy-supportive practices for toddlers was positively related with toddlers’ rule internalization, providing them with further validity. Practice or Policy: These preliminary findings may be useful in guiding future conceptual, empirical, and applied work on the support of toddlers’ autonomy and its assessment in an emotionally-charged and challenging context.
Fault equivalence identification using redundancy information and static and dynamic extraction

A procedure for identifying functionally equivalent faults and improving the performance of diagnostic test pattern generation is described in this paper. The procedure is based on evaluation of faulty functions in cones of dominator gates of fault pairs. This is enhanced by utilizing circuit redundancy information. Equivalence is proved without the previously required circuit transformations. Stem-branch equivalences for reconvergent stems and their branches are identified efficiently obviating the need to check for non-masking and multiple-path sensitization. Both static and dynamic techniques are developed to exploit relations among inputs of dominator cones. This reduces the simulation time required by the procedure and enables evaluation of larger cones than could be evaluated earlier. As a result, more equivalent fault pairs are identified. Experiments performed on ISCAS85 circuits and full scan ISCAS89 circuits are used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed techniques.
Do We Understand the Emergent Dynamics of Grid Cell Activity?

Single neurons in the dorsolateral band of the rat entorhinal cortex (dMEC) fire as a function of rat position whenever the rat is on any vertex of a regular triangular lattice, that tiles the entire plane ([Hafting et al., 2005][1]). Even in the dark, the pattern refreshes correctly with rat
Exploring new media usage among Indonesian students in Australian universities

Previous studies suggest that young people are the majority of internet users. Most research has focused on what people do on the internet, but has not considered how the use of internet relates to other asp ects of their lives. This paper examines how the Indonesian students take up with the new media and use the internet in relation to their academic studies. A mixed method approach is applied in this study, using questionnaires from a sample of 94 undergraduate and postgraduate students from diverse areas of Indonesia who have studied in Australian universities, followed by in-depth interviews with 10 selected participants. Preliminary findings are reported in this paper to provide a better understanding of how the differences in access and facilities in students’ previous lives in Indonesia and their more recent circumstances in Australia contribute to their new media usage.
Association Between Serum Levels of Adipocyte Fatty Acid-binding Protein and Free Thyroxine

AbstractAdipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (AFABP) has been shown to be a biomarker of body weight change and atherosclerosis. Changes in thyroid function are associated with changes in body weight and risks of cardiovascular diseases. The association between AFABP and thyroid function status has been seldom evaluated.The aim of this study was to compare the serum AFABP concentrations in hyperthyroid patients and those in euthyroid individuals, and to evaluate the associations between serum AFABP and free thyroxine (fT4) levels.For this study, 30 hyperthyroid patients and 30 euthyroid individuals at a referral medical center were recruited. The patients with hyperthyroidism were treated with antithyroid regimens as clinically indicated. No medication was given to the euthyroid individuals. The body weight, body mass index, thyroid function, serum levels of AFABP, and biochemical data of both groups at baseline and at the 6th month were compared. Associations between AFABP and fT4 levels were also analyzed.At the baseline, the hyperthyroid patients had significantly higher serum AFABP levels than the euthyroid individuals (median [Q1, Q3]: 22.8 [19.4, 30.6] ng/mL vs 18.6 [15.3, 23.2] ng/mL; P = 0.038). With the antithyroid regimens, the AFABP serum levels of the hyperthyroid patients decreased to 16.6 (15.0, 23.9) ng/mL at the 6th month. No difference in the AFABP level was found between the hyperthyroid and the euthyroid groups at the 6th month. At baseline, sex (female vs male, ß = 7.65, P = 0.022) and fT4 level (ß = 2.51, P = 0.018) were significantly associated with AFABP levels in the univariate regression analysis. At the 6th month, sex and fT4 level (ß = 8.09, P < 0.001 and ß = 3.61, P = 0.005, respectively) were also significantly associated with AFABP levels. The associations between sex and fT4 level with AFABP levels remained significant in the stepwise multivariate regression analysis, both at baseline and at the 6th month.The patients with hyperthyroidism had higher serum AFABP levels than the individuals with euthyroidism. In the patients with hyperthyroidism, the serum AFABP concentrations decreased after the antithyroid treatment. In this study, the serum AFABP concentrations were positively associated with female sex and the serum fT4 level.
A general criterion for image similarity detection

A novel and general criterion for image similarity is introduced, based on the comparison of grey level gradient direction at randomly sampled points. It is mathematically proved that it is possible to compute a fully automatic and robust threshold to detect that two images have a common cause, which can be taken as a definition of similarity. Analytical estimates of the necessary and sufficient number of sample points are also given. Similar pairs of images are detected a contrario, by rejecting an hypothesis that resemblance is due to randomness, which is far more easy to model than a realistic degradation process. The method proves very robust to noise, transparency and occlusion. // Cette note decrit un critere general de comparaison d'images, base sur la comparaison des directions du gradient en niveau de gris, echantillonnees aleatoirement dans l'image. On montre qu'il est possible de calculer un seuil permettant de detecter que la ressemblance entre deux images ne peut pas etre due au hasard, ce qui peut etre pris comme definition de la similarite. Il est egalement possible d'estimer le nombre de points necessaire et suffisant permettant de passer le test. Des images semblables sont donc detectees a contrario, ce qui est bien plus simple que de modeliser un processus de degradation realiste. Des experiences montrent que les seuils sont tres robustes au bruit, aux occlusions ou a la transparence.
Numerical Simulation of Crack Formation in All Ceramic Dental Bridge

Ceramics have rapidly emerged as one of the major dental biomaterials in prosthodontics due to exceptional aesthetics and outstanding biocompatibility. However, a challenging aspect remaining is its higher failure rate due to brittleness, which has to a certain extent prevented the ceramics from fully replacing metals in such major dental restorations as multi-unit bridges. This paper aims at simulating the crack initiation and propagation in dental bridge. Unlike the existing studies with prescriptions of initial cracks, the numerical model presented herein will predict the progressive damage in the bridge structure which precedes crack initiation. This will then be followed by automatic crack insertion and subsequent crack growth within a continuum to discrete framework. It is found that the numerical simulation correlates well to the clinical and laboratory observations.
Non-Linear Decline in Neuronal Density within the Cerebral Cortices and Hippocampus in very Aged Rats: Implications for Causality

A clear change in the slope of the declining numbers of neurons in the cerebral cortices and hippocampus could reflect the “critical” mass, where qualitative shifts occur for correlative behaviors. In the present study, numbers of neurons within the layers of different regions of the cerebral cortices and the hippocampus were counted for rats, between the ages of 30 and 940 days. A conspicuous sudden inflection in the gradual decline of neurons occurred for both regions, around 700 days of age. Partial correlation analyses indicated that the cortical decline was dependent upon loss of neurons in the hippocampus. Neurons within layers 5 and 6 of the prefrontal cortices were particularly affected. These results are consistent with human brain data and the clinical course of dementias, and suggest that a subset of less than about 25% of original neurons may drive the geriatric process. Identification of these neurons by biomolecular indicators could lead to effective interventions.