Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Results on prognostic value of mutations in localized gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) in one single center.

INTRODUCTION to study the prognostic value of mutations in KIT or PDGFRA in gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) managed in our department. MATERIALS AND METHODS forty five patients with localized GIST underwent surgery between 1998 and 2010. Thirty six patients were enrolled in a retrospective study. DNA was isolated from 3 to 5 ìm sections of fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue. Exon 9, 11, 13 and 17 of c-kit gene and exon 12 and 18 of PDGFRA were amplified by PCR and sequenced. RESULTS tumors with mutations were larger at the surgery and showed higher mitotic count (p < 0.05). The mutations were found in 22 patients (61.2%), 18 had mutations in exon 11 of c-kit gene. PDGFRA mutations were located in exon 12. The 5-years relapsefree survival rate for patients with tumors having mutations was 38% and 100% for patients without mutations (p < 0.01). The 5-year survival rate was significantly worse for patients with mutations (20 vs. 97%, p < 0.01), with tumors larger than 5 cm (28 vs. 97%, p < 0.01) and with > 50 mitosis/HPF (42 vs. 88%, p < 0.03). Multivariate analyses indicated that the mutations, mitotic counts, and tumor size were independent prognostic factors for survival in patients with localized GIST. CONCLUSIONS in this series, having a detected mutation is a poor prognostic factor with significantly increased recurrence rate and shortens survival.
Quantum-inspired genetic algorithms

A novel evolutionary computing method-quantum inspired genetic algorithms-is introduced, where concepts and principles of quantum mechanics are used to inform and inspire more efficient evolutionary computing methods. The basic terminology of quantum mechanics is introduced before a comparison is made between a classical genetic algorithm and a quantum inspired method for the travelling salesperson problem. It is informally shown that the quantum inspired genetic algorithm performs better than the classical counterpart for a small domain. The paper concludes with some speculative comments concerning the relationship between quantum inspired genetic algorithms and various complexity classes.
Agency Governance in the European Union's Area of Freedom, Security and Justice

Abstract This special issue examines the role of agencies and agency-like bodies in the EU's Area of Freedom, Security and Justice (AFSJ) – an umbrella term for police and judicial cooperation, border management, asylum and migration, and counter-terrorism – which have acquired increasing importance in the governance of the EU. This introduction reviews the existing literature and sets the scene for the research articles that are included in this special issue. It also argues that future scholarship on these AFSJ agencies would significantly gain by being developed along two research tracks. The first of these would investigate the forces that have led to the creation of these AFSJ agencies in the first place, especially because understanding these factors can shed significant light on where these agencies might be heading in future. The second research track would examine how ‘legitimate’ each of these agencies is, as part of a would-be democratic polity at the EU level.
Rape in marriage

Introduction to New Edition: Wife Rape: from the 1980s to the 1990s Preface Acknowledgments 1 Introduction: The Crime in the Closet Part One The Law 2 Wife Rape and the Law (updated) Part Two The Study 3 The Rape Study 4 What is Wife Rape? Part Three Theory and Statistics 5 The Prevalence of Wife Rape 6 A Continuum of Sexual Relations 7 Wife Rape and Wife Beating 8 Husband Battering, Wife Battering, and Murder 9 Characteristics of Wife Rape Part Four The Husbands 10 Husbands Who Rape Their Wives 11 Why Men Rape Their Wives 12 Abusive Husbands, Alcohol and Other Drugs Part Five The Wives 13 The Victims of Wife Rape 14 The Trauma of Wife Rape 15 Why Some Wives Stay Part Six Women as Property 16 Husbands Who WonOt Let Their Wives Go 17 Once a Wife, Always a Wife--Rape by Ex-Husbands 18 Women Who Marry the Men Who Rape Them 19 Lovers and Daughters Are Property Too Part Seven Torture and Femicide 20 Torture and Marriage 21 Femicide: The Murder of Wives Part Eight WivesO Strategies 22 Wives Who Report to the Police 23 How Some Wives Stop the Violence Part Nine An International Perspective 24 Wife Rape in Other Countries 25 Conclusions and Solutions Appendix I Husbands Accused of Wife Rape in the United States: Selected Cases Appendix II State-by-State Information on Martial Rape Exemption Laws, as of January 1990 Source Notes Selected Bibliography on Wife Rape (Expanded) Index
Coping and adapting to breast cancer: a six-month prospective study.

AIMS To compare ways of coping with breast cancer in acute and chronic periods and to approach their efficiency on psychological adaptation at each time. METHODS Psychometric evaluation of 151 breast cancer women the day before surgery (T1), and of 107 of them 6 months later (T2), with self-rated questionnaires (CHIP Scale, HADS), "t Student" tests, correlation analyses and multiple regression analyses. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The coping scores during the chronic period are related to those observed during the acute period, with a decrease of instrumental strategies and a stability of distraction and palliative coping. Relationships between CHIP and HADS plead for a deleterious impact of palliative coping on the mood in T2 and for a mood protecting effect of distraction in T1 and T2, without impact on anxiety and without effect of the instrumental coping. These hypotheses must take into account the fact that CHIP scores could be ambiguous measures assessing not only coping modes but also adaptation levels.
Apical Secretion of FSTL1 in the Respiratory Epithelium for Normal Lung Development

Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1) is a secreted bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonist, and it plays a crucial role in normal lung development. Deletion of Fstl1 leads to postnatal death in mice due to respiratory failure. To further explore the role of FSTL1 in mouse lung development, we created a transgene SFTPC-Fstl1 allele mouse displaying significant epithelial overexpression of Fstl1 in all stages of lung development. However, epithelial overexpression of Fstl1 did not alter lung morphogenesis, epithelial differentiation and lung function. Moreover, we found that FSTL1 function was blocked by the epithelial polarization, which was reflected by the remarkable apical secretion of FSTL1 and the basolateral BMP signaling. Taken together, this study demonstrates that tightly spatial interaction of FSTL1 and BMP signaling plays an essential role in lung development.
External examining: fit for purpose?

In a context of international concern about academic standards, the practice of external examining is widely admired for its role in defending standards. Yet a contradiction exists between this faith in examining and continuing concerns about standards. This article argues that external examining rests on assumptions about standards which are significantly open to challenge. Six assumptions relating to the conceptual context, the operation and the nature of examiners themselves are analysed drawing on a review of the available evidence. The analysis challenges the notion of a consensus on standards and the potential to vest in individuals the ability to represent that consensus when judging the comparability of academic standards in a stable and appropriate way. The issues raised have relevance to the UK and to other national systems using external examiners or seeking to guarantee academic standards by, in some cases, adopting quality assurance approaches developed in the UK.
Risk factors for immediate prosthetic postmastectomy reconstruction.

The charts of 44 women who underwent 47 immediate postmastectomy prosthetic breast reconstructions (IPMPBR) with subpectoral prostheses (long-term implant, long-term expandable implant or tissue expanders followed by long-term prosthetic placement) were retrospectively reviewed. Follow-up was from 3 to 49 months (median 18 months). Patient ages ranged from 31 to 77 years (median 42) but 82 per cent were under 60 years old. Indications for mastectomy were infiltrating cancer in 30 patients, intraductal cancer in 11, lobular carcinoma in situ in two and prophylaxis in one. There were 11 patients with pathologic Stage I, 15 with Stage II, three with Stage III and one with Stage IV breast cancer. Adjuvant chemotherapy (CTX) was given to 17 women, adjuvant hormonal treatment to nine, and radiation therapy (RT) to five. One patient had prosthesis extrusion and removal. Two patients had late periprosthetic infections (PPI) with consequent prosthesis removal. CTX did not have a significant association with PPI (two of 14 with CTX vs 0 of 29 without, P = 0.1). However, fill port migrations, prosthesis deflations, and greater than 1 complication were significantly associated with these infections (two of three vs 0 of 38, P = 0.004; two of two vs 0 of 45, P = 0.001; two of four vs 0 of 43, P = 0.006). Skin flap cellulitis and postoperative seroma were also associated with PPI (P less than 0.003 and less than 0.006, respectively). These factors were all also significantly associated with involuntary prosthesis loss (n = 3). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Ulcerative colitis and colorectal carcinoma: DNA-profile, laminin-5 gamma2 chain and cyclin A expression as early markers for risk assessment.

BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis patients are at increased risk for developing colorectal carcinomas. Despite expensive surveillance programmes, clinical practice reflects an uncertainty in individual risk assessment. The aim of the study was to evaluate independent cellular features with possible predictive value. METHODS Two patient groups were selected: group A comprised 8 patients with ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal carcinomas, group B comprised 16 ulcerative colitis patients with risk factors (duration of disease, extent of inflammation, epithelial dysplasias). A total of 683 paraffin-embedded mucosal biopsies were retrospectively evaluated for inflammatory activity, grade of dysplasia, ploidy status, laminin-5 gamma2 chain and cyclin A expression. RESULTS Mild or moderate inflammatory activity was present in 78% of all biopsies, low- or high-grade dysplasia in 5.5%. There was no difference in inflammatory activity and dysplasia between patient groups. In group A, 75% of the biopsies exhibited aneuploid DNA distribution patterns. Group B showed mainly proliferative-diploid cell populations (85% / P = 0.006). Laminin-5 gamma2 chain was expressed in 13% of all biopsies, with a higher frequency in group A (P = 0.002). Cyclin A expression was found in 98% of all biopsies, with a higher number of immunopositive cells in group A biopsies (P = 0.014). CONCLUSIONS Combined nuclear DNA assessment, laminin-5 gamma2 chain and cyclin A expression may help to identify ulcerative colitis patients with an increased risk for cancer development.
Detection of antibodies to Streptobacillus moniliformis in rats by an immunoblot procedure

An immunoblot (IB) technique for detecting antibodies to Streptobacillus moniliformis in rat sera was evaluated. Immune sera to three S. moniliformis strains showed a similar reactivity pattern with both autologous and homologous antigens in the 18–87 kDa range. Using a rat S. moniliformis strain as the antigen, a similar reactivity pattern was found with sera from rats infected experimentally with S. moniliformis and sentinels. Two to five proteins were detected in the 32–55 kDa range. Over a period of 2.5 years, 27/133 rat serum panels submitted for routine monitoring yielded one or more S. moniliformis enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)-positive samples. In one of these 27 panels, sera showed an IB reactivity pattern resembling that observed with immune sera and with sera from infected and exposed rats. S. moniliformis was confirmed in the colony by both culture and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Sera from the remaining 26 ELISA-positive serum panels frequently showed activity to a 57 kDa antigen but not more than one antigen was detected in the 32–55 kDa range. We conclude that the IB can be used as a confirmatory test for the detection of S. moniliformis infection in ELISA-positive rats.
Purpose in Life and Prayer Among Catholic and Protestant Adolescents in Northern Ireland

Data are provided from a sample of 2,670 young people aged between 13 and 15 years from Northern Ireland. This article compares the replies of 1,206 young people who attend a Catholic school and 1,464 young people who attend a Protestant school. The data examine the relationship between frequency of personal prayer, perceived purpose in life, sex, age, church attendance, and personality (extraversion, neuroticism, and psychoticism). These data demonstrate a clear relationship between frequency of prayer and perceived purpose in life among the young people from the Protestant and Catholic communities.
Improvement of Sensitivity and Interrater Reliability to Detect Acute Stroke by Dynamic Perfusion Computed Tomography and Computed Tomography Angiography

Objective: To assess the benefits of additional computed tomography perfusion (CTP) and computed tomography angiography (CTA) on the detection of early stroke, vessel occlusion, estimated infarct size, and interrater reliability. Methods: Sixty-seven consecutive patients underwent nonenhanced computed tomography (CT) imaging, CTA, and CTP. The final diagnosis of stroke was made from follow-up neuroimaging. A first diagnosis was made on-site by the physician on duty. Three experienced neuroradiologists blinded to follow-up findings analyzed the data set off-line, evaluated CT for signs of acute stroke, and subsequently evaluated CTP and CTA for infarction-related perfusion deficits and vessel abnormalities. Results: Computed tomography perfusion and CTA increased the time from CT start to diagnosis from 2 minutes to 10 minutes. Sensitivity to detect acute stroke increased significantly in all investigators from 0.46-0.58 to 0.79-0.90 compared with CT (<0.005). The interrater weighted kappa value increased from 0.35 to 0.64. Estimation of infarct size was not improved. Conclusion: Computed tomography perfusion and CTA provide an effective add-on to standard CT in acute stroke imaging by significantly increasing the sensitivity and reliability of infarct detection.
More Progress Toward a Taxonomy of Managerial Performance Requirements

The purpose of this study was to derive inductively a taxonomy of managerial performance requirements from many empirical studies of manager perfor- mance. Toward that end, 26 dimension sets were first gathered from published and unpublished studies of manager performance. Most of these studies in- volved critical incidents, and all of them were empirically based. lbenty-five industrial psychologists experienced in research on managers then indepen- dently sorted the 187 managerial performance dimensions into categories ac- cording to perceived similarity in content. These sortings were used to construct a pooled 187 times 187 correlation matrix, and the matrix was factor analyzed. The 18-factor solution is offered as an inductively derived, expert judgment-based summary of managerial performance requirements, using data from many manager jobs and numerous organizations. This taxonomy is compared to other dimension sets, and its potential usefulness discussed.
SUR LA PERSISTANCE D'UNE CONCEPTION LA TUYAUTERIE CONTINUE DIGESTION-EXCRÉTION

Lorsqu'on leur demande de dessiner les lieux par lesquels transite un litre de biere, entre le moment ou eues l'ont bu et le moment ou elles vont uriner, trois personnes sur quatre dessinent un tuyau continu entre l'intestin et les conduits urinaires. Cette proportion est maintenue chez les etudiants scientisques ou para-medicaux de premiere annee. Elle n'est plus que d'une personne sur deux en deuxieme annee d'etudes universitaires de biologie, apres un DEA de biologie, et chez des enseignants de mathematiques ou de physique. Elle disparait chez des enseignants de biologie. Les origines de cette conception et de sa persistance sont discutees. Il s'agit d'une construction individuelle originale, quotidiennement renforcee, et qui s'enrichit meme de connaissances biologiques qui auraient du la destabiliser. Cette conception est souvent juxtaposee a d'autres conceptions plus proches des connaissances scientisques sur le meme phenomene, et qui ne sont mobilisees que dans d'autres situations, scolaires par exemple. Sont enfin soulignes les enjeux de recherches de ce type pour la didactique de la biologie et l'ensemble des sciences cognltives.
On managing cultural integration and cultural change processes in mergers and acquisitions

This article discusses success factors of cultural integration and cultural change processes in mergers and acquisitions. The focus of the project is on the effects of frictions between structure and cultures, and frictions between different cultures, on the functioning of the organisation. The factors discussed are based on empirical findings, and on literature that, in the analysis, proved to corroborate these findings, or insights based on these findings. It is argued that cultural integration is furthered by mutual trust. Trust can be built by shared goals, by dialogue, by looking for shared norms, monitoring and handling deviance. Cultural change processes were found to be dependent on legitimisation of the changes, clarification of goals and changes in what is expected of organisational members, monitoring and guidance, conditions of psychological safety, and feedback on success and failure outcomes that is worked upon in a learning mode.
Server-side broadcast transaction in mobile computing environment

In mobile computing environments, there is an implicit assumption that the server is able to broadcast consistent data to mobile clients. This assumption may not be valid. In this paper, we formulate broadcasting data at the server as a broadcast transaction which reads the entire database in a consistent way before broadcasting data in a broadcast cycle. This issue is not trivial as the broadcast transaction will create high interference to normal update transactions at the server. Some algorithms proposed by previous studies on reading the entire databases could be candidates to solving the problem. However, we found that those algorithms are inadequate in handling update transactions correctly. Hence we devise a new algorithm, called the read-white set test to resolve such problems and minimize the interference to normal update transactions during reading process of the entire database for data broadcasting.
‘It wasn't a very encouraging environment’: influence of early family experiences on problem and at-risk gamblers in Victoria, Australia

Prior research suggests that at-risk and problem gamblers are more likely to have experienced early family dysfunction and exposure to gambling within the family in early childhood. However, little is known about the ways in which early childhood experiences contribute to at-risk and problem gambling in adulthood. Drawing on life history interviews with 48 participants, this article shows that the vast majority of regular gamblers in our study had been exposed to gambling as children in their family of origin. It also shows that different experiences of gambling within the early family were associated with contrasting gambling forms and risk levels in adulthood. Several at-risk and problem gamblers reported having had a parent or other family member with problematic gambling behaviour, while low-risk gamblers had experienced gambling in their early family life as purely recreational. In addition, the majority of the problem and at-risk gamblers had experienced conflicts, lack of encouragement and support, negativity, emotional distance and lack of communication in their early family life. A few also reported experiencing various forms of abuse as children. This paper shows that early exposure to problematic gambling and early family dysfunction impacted substantially on the participants' lives as adults and contributed to problem gambling.
Differential Responses of Children with Varying Degrees of Reactive and Proactive Aggression to Two Forms of Psychosocial Treatment

ABSTRACT This study examined differential treatment effects for children with varying degrees of reactive and proactive aggression who received one of two types of psychosocial treatments that were specifically designed to address the unique characteristics associated with these two subtypes of aggression. Forty-seven affectively dysregulated children with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) participated in the study and were randomly but proportionately assigned to Collaborative Problem Solving (n = 28) or Parent Training (n = 19) treatment conditions. Results indicate a main effect for type of treatment, modest support for the moderating role of proactive aggression, and no support for reactive aggression as a moderator of treatment outcome. Implications for assessment and treatment of aggression are discussed.
Natural course of acute and chronic monophasic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathies (IDP)

The present study analyses one of the largest IDP series published as yet: 266 cases, hospitalised between 1950 and 1983, conventionally treated and uniformly supervised. There was GBS in 84%, chronic IDP in 13%, polyneuritis cranialis in 1.5%, Miller Fisher and predominantly sensory neuropathy in 0.8% each. Numerous features including preceding events, course and outcome have been investigated. Latencies between onset and maximal deficit lacked (expected) bimodality. Sensory involvement was severe, mortality (18%) and maximal disability (20% requiring ventilation) high, autonomic dysfunction (71%) prominent. Statistical comparison of various features confirmed old age, rapid onset and need for ventilation as unfavorable predicting factors. However, preceding infection, bulbar paralysis and onset of paresis in proximal muscles evolved as unfavorable prognostic features as well.
Effects of Climatic Region on Peritonitis Risk, Microbiology, Treatment, and Outcomes: a Multicenter Registry Study

♦ Background: The impact of climatic variations on peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related peritonitis has not been studied in detail. The aim of the current study was to determine whether various climatic zones influenced the probability of occurrence or the clinical outcomes of peritonitis. ♦ Methods: Using ANZDATA registry data, the study in cluded all Australian patients receiving PD between 1 October 2003 and 31 December 2008. Climatic regions were defined according to the Köppen classification. ♦ Results: The overall peritonitis rate was 0.59 episodes per patient-year. Most of the patients lived in Temperate regions (65%), with others residing in Subtropical (26%), Tropical (6%), and Other climatic regions (Desert, 0.6%; Grassland, 2.3%). Compared with patients in Temperate regions, those in Tropical regions demonstrated significantly higher overall peritonitis rates and a shorter time to a first peritonitis episode [adjusted hazard ratio: 1.15; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.01 to 1.31]. Culture-negative peritonitis was significantly less likely in Tropical regions [adjusted odds ratio (OR): 0.42; 95% CI: 0.25 to 0.73]; its occurrence in Subtropical and Other regions was comparable to that in Temperate regions. Fungal peritonitis was independently associated with Tropical regions (OR: 2.18; 95% CI: 1.22 to 3.90) and Other regions (OR: 3.46; 95% CI: 1.73 to 6.91), where rates of antifungal prophylaxis were also lower. Outcomes after first peritonitis episodes were comparable in all groups. ♦ Conclusions: Tropical regions were associated with a higher overall peritonitis rate (including fungal peritonitis) and a shorter time to a first peritonitis episode. Augmented peritonitis prophylactic measures such as antifungal therapy and exit-site care should be considered in PD patients residing in Tropical climates.