Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Heat Removal from Reverse Flow Reactors Used in Methane Combustion

The idea of using Reverse Flow Reactors (RFR) for methane reduction in exhausts has been well elucidated in the past. However, there are intricacies in such operations to maintain the ignited state of the reactor along with maintaining low outlet concentrations of methane. This is especially true under rich feed conditions where combustion reactions liberate more heat leading to possible catalyst deactivation. Under favourable conditions, it is possible to continuously extract heat from the RFR system-this is a viable way of maintaining acceptable thermal conditions in the reactor and consequently retaining catalyst activity. This paper elaborates upon the optimal amount of heat that can be removed from the system without losing the sustainability while preventing overheating of the catalyst bed. A simple event based control strategy is implemented for switching the inlet and outlet ports (flow reversal). Issues relating to the operation of reverse flow reactors with side feeding and the possibility of extraction of useful heat from such systems are also discussed. Methane combustion reaction and a continuous two dimensional heterogeneous model of the reactor have been employed in this study. L'idee d'utiliser les reacteurs a ecoulement inverse (RFR) pour la reduction du methane dans les gaz d'echappement a ete bien expliquee dans le passe. Il n'est toutefois pas si simple dans de telles operations de maintenir l'etat d'allumage du reacteur en meme temps que de faibles concentrations de sortie du methane. C'est particulierement vrai dans des conditions d'alimentation riche ou les reactions de combustion liberent davantage de chaleur ce qui peut conduire a la desactivation du catalyseur. Dans des conditions favorables, il est possible de retirer continuellement la chaleur du systeme RFR − il s'agit d'un moyen fiable pour maintenir des conditions thermiques acceptables dans le reacteur et donc de conserver l'activite du catalyseur. On etudie dans cet article la quantite optimale de chaleur qui peut etre retiree du systeme sans perte de durabilite tout en empechant la surchauffe du lit catalytique. Une strategie de controle reposant sur des criteres simples est appliquee pour permuter les orifices d'entree et de sortie (inversion de debit). On examine egalement les aspects relies au fonctionnement des reacteurs a ecoulement inverse avec alimentation laterale et a la possibilite de retrait de la chaleur utile de tels systemes. La reaction de combustion du methane et un modele heterogene bidimensionnel continu du reacteur sont utilises dans cette etude.
Vulnerability to reentry during the acute phase of myocardial ischemia: a simulation study

The aim of this work was to analyze the vulnerability to reentry in a two-dimensional sheet of regionally-ischemic and anisotropic myocardial tissue at different stages of acute myocardial ischemia. We used computer modelling in order to elucidate the main factors responsible for initiation and maintenance of reentry. Simulations were carried out using a modified version of the Luo-Rudy-II model. The simulated 2D tissue included a central ischemic zone, a border zone and a normal zone and was prematurely stimulated. The degree of severity of the central zone was changed depending on the stage of acute ischemia. Our results offer a theoretical explanation of the existence of a vulnerable phase for reentry between the fifth and tenth minute of acute ischemia, and lead to the conclusion that (a) strong hyperkalemia is needed to sustain reentry and (b) severe degrees of hypoxia tend to reduce myocardial vulnerability to reentry.
Collective Behavior and Scaling in Large Populations of Hippocampal Neurons

Recent technological breakthroughs in large-scale neural recordings enable us to monitor simultaneously the activity of thousands of neurons. To shed light on the collective nature of the activity in these large populations of cells, we seek theoretical approaches that will help us simplify the rich dynamics they exhibit. We focus on optical imaging experiments of dorsal hippocampus in mice as they run along a virtual linear track. First, we build minimal models to capture the activity in populations of ∼ 80 neurons. About half the neurons in these networks are place cells – neurons that become active only when the animal enters a particular location in its environment. However, many of the neurons are not place cells in any given environment. We use maximum entropy models which approximate the distribution of activity patterns in these mixed populations, by matching the correlations between pairs of cells but otherwise assuming as little structure as possible. Despite their simplicity, the models capture the higher–order structure of activity patterns in the population, quantitatively. Moreover, they show that place and non–place neurons encode information collectively. Our results suggest that understanding the neural activity may require not only knowledge of the external variables modulating it but also of the internal network state. Next, we study hippocampal populations on larger scale – over 1000 neurons. In many large scale non–biological systems that consist of many interacting units, it is possible to describe emergent macroscopic behaviors, quantitatively, using models that are much simpler than the underlying microscopic interactions; we understand the success of this simplification through the renormalization group concept. We develop explicit coarse–graining procedures that we apply to the activity in these large hippocampal populations. We see evidence of power–law dependencies in both static and dynamic quantities as we vary the coarse–graining scale over two decades. iii Furthermore, probability distributions of coarse–grained variables seem to approach a fixed non–Gaussian form. Taken together, the success of these strategies in capturing essential properties of population–level neural activity encourages us to think that simpler theories of neural network dynamics are possible.
Analysis of Class-F Power Amplifiers With a Second-Harmonic Input Voltage Manipulation

In this brief, analysis of class-F high-efficiency power amplifiers (PAs) when adding a second-harmonic input voltage to the gate node of the transistor is derived. The theoretical formulations of the drain current, output power, and drain efficiency are elaborated for this case. Based on them, the maximum output power and drain efficiency can be obtained from the closed-form solution set of the initial amplitude and phase of second-harmonic input voltage component. Calculations show that, with a proper second harmonic voltage adding to the input of the transistor, the performance of class-F PAs can be improved evidently. Besides, to validate the theoretical analysis, a simulation using a real GaN transistor has been presented. The relative errors of drain efficiency and output power between the results of theory and simulation are only 1.3% and 2.4%, respectively. To the best knowledge of the author, this is the first full theory to illustrate the performance enhancement of class-F PAs with a second-harmonic input voltage manipulation.
Recovering Concept Prerequisite Relations from University Course Dependencies

Prerequisite relations among concepts play an important role in many educational applications such as intelligent tutoring system and curriculum planning. With the increasing amount of educational data available, automatic discovery of concept prerequisite relations has become both an emerging research opportunity and an open challenge. Here, we investigate how to recover concept prerequisite relations from course dependencies and propose an optimization based framework to address the problem. We create the first real dataset for empirically studying this problem, which consists of the listings of computer science courses from 11 U.S. universities and their concept pairs with prerequisite labels. Experiment results on a synthetic dataset and the real course dataset both show that our method outperforms existing baselines.
Visualization of Auditory Habituation by fMRI

The aim of this study was to measure and quantify habituation phenomena within the auditory cortex of 18 healthy subjects by means of fMRI. Auditory stimulation was done by digitally generated pulsed (nu = 5 Hz) 800-Hz sine tones with three alternating ON (duration 2 min) and OFF (1 min) periods. Binaural stimulation resulted in symmetrical bihemispheric activation of the auditory cortex. Our data revealed a characteristic signal decay to repeated acoustic stimulation: the response to the second was even more pronounced, and the third stimulation block significantly lower compared to the first. Thus, our data clearly demonstrate habituation phenomena, probably due to reduced neuronal activity with increased duration and/or frequency of stimuli.
REKONDISI SILABUS MATAKULIAH PENDIDIKAN AGAMA ISLAM PADA PRODI DESAIN GRAFIS KONSENTRASI MULTIMEDIA POLITEKNIK NEGERI MEDIA KREATIF PSDD MEDAN

In the process of making the learning syllabus is done by using an analysis of the vision and mission of the educational institutions that correlate to the moral conditions of students and look at the needs in the world of work, the process of making instructional materials is also carried out from a combination of the elaboration of the entire subject syllabus and the needs of the Industrial world followed by the development of activities religion that leads student behavior to good character. Organizational elements of students are also involved in determining the direction of moral change better, because they are in the organizational organ in the institution both in the concept and order of the campus administration, and good in dealing with the world of work and industry. Good work is seen from good character and attitude.
Exact Mesonic Vacua From Matrix Models Kazutoshi Ohta

We investigate in detail the structure of mesonic vacua of N=1 U(Nc) supersymmetric gauge theory with Nf flavors from the matrix model. We show that the Witten index from the matrix model calculation agrees with a result from field theoretical analysis. We also discuss the relationship between a diagrammatic summation and direct matrix integration with insertion of a variable changing delta function. Using this formalism, we obtain the quantum moduli space and evidence of the Seiberg duality from the matrix models. ∗e-mail: k.ohta@swansea.ac. uk
Children’s attention in a word learning interactive context with educators and vocabulary growth

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study is to assess the relationship between the young child’s attention in a word learning interactive context with the educators in nurseries during shared-book reading and child’s subsequent vocabulary growth. The participants in the study were 24 infants from eight nurseries. Each infant was first observed during five sessions in a week at around 11 months of age, in a word learning interactive context with educators, with four nonwords-new pictures in a book and then, secondly, in five interactive free-play sessions with the mother at home between 12 and 24 months. Data analysis showed a relationship between the child’s attention to the pictures in the book during interaction with the educator and the child’s lexical growth. The importance for vocabulary growth of the child’s ability to integrate visual and audio information and the importance of shared-book reading at nurseries are discussed.
Selenium Accumulation, Distribution, and Speciation in Spineless Prickly Pear Cactus: A Drought- and Salt-Tolerant, Selenium-Enriched Nutraceutical Fruit Crop for Biofortified Foods1[OA]

The organ-specific accumulation, spatial distribution, and chemical speciation of selenium (Se) were previously unknown for any species of cactus. We investigated Se in Opuntia ficus-indica using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, microfocused x-ray fluorescence elemental and chemical mapping (μXRF), Se K-edge x-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). μXRF showed Se concentrated inside small conic, vestigial leaves (cladode tips), the cladode vasculature, and the seed embryos. Se K-edge XANES demonstrated that approximately 96% of total Se in cladode, fruit juice, fruit pulp, and seed is carbon-Se-carbon (C-Se-C). Micro and bulk XANES analysis showed that cladode tips contained both selenate and C-Se-C forms. Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry quantification of Se in high-performance liquid chromatography fractions followed by LC-MS structural identification showed selenocystathionine-to-selenomethionine (SeMet) ratios of 75:25, 71:29, and 32:68, respectively in cladode, fruit, and seed. Enzymatic digestions and subsequent analysis confirmed that Se was mainly present in a “free” nonproteinaceous form inside cladode and fruit, while in the seed, Se was incorporated into proteins associated with lipids. μXRF chemical mapping illuminated the specific location of Se reduction and assimilation from selenate accumulated in the cladode tips into the two LC-MS-identified C-Se-C forms before they were transported into the cladode mesophyll. We conclude that Opuntia is a secondary Se-accumulating plant whose fruit and cladode contain mostly free selenocystathionine and SeMet, while seeds contain mainly SeMet in protein. When eaten, the organic Se forms in Opuntia fruit, cladode, and seed may improve health, increase Se mineral nutrition, and help prevent multiple human cancers.
Do Tournaments Have Incentive Effects?

Much attention has been devoted to studying models of tournaments or situations in which an individual's payment depends only on his or her output or rank relative to that of other competitors. Academic interest derives from the fact that under certain sets of assumptions, tournaments have desirable normative properties because of the incentive structures they provide. Our paper uses nonexperimental data to test whether tournaments actually elicit effort responses. We focus on professional golf tournaments because information on the incentive structure (prize distribution) and measures of individual output (players' scores) are both available. We find strong support for the proposition that the level and structure of prizes in PGA tournaments influence players' performance.
Information technology capability, knowledge management capability, and organizational agility: The role of environmental factors

Abstract This study precisely investigates the relationship of information technology (IT) and knowledge management (KM) capabilities with organizational agility along with the moderating influence of external environmental actors on this linkage. A matched-pair field survey was conducted and pretested structured questionnaires were administered to accumulate primary responses from 300 business and IT personnel working in various Indian financial groups. The research findings encompass first, IT and KM capabilities are enablers of organizational agility, while KM capability is more effective on agility. Second, a more diverse and less hostile environment is required for IT and KM capabilities to have more positive influence on agility, yet the moderating effects of environmental factors are found to be more on IT–agility linkage than on KM–agility relationship. These inferences provide several implications for the business and IT executives to concentrate on leveraging both IT and KM capabilities for generating augmented organizational agility.
IRST-BP: Preposition Disambiguation based on Chain Clarifying Relationships Contexts

We are going to present a technique of preposition disambiguation based on sense discriminative patterns, which are acquired using a variant of Angluin's algorithm. They represent the essential information extracted from a particular type of local contexts we call Chain Clarifying Relationship contexts. The data set and the results we present are from the Semeval task, WSD of Preposition (Litkowski 2007).
Fullerene Exposures with Oysters : Embryonic , Adult , and Cellular Responses

Oysters are an ecologically important group of filter-feeders, and a valuable toxicology model for characterizing the potential impacts of nanoparticles to marine organisms. Fullerene (C60) exposure studies with oysters, Crassostrea virginica, were conducted with a variety of biological levels, e.g., developmental studies with embryos, whole organism exposures with adults, and isolated hepatopancreas cells. Significant effects on embryonic development and lysosomal destabilization were observed at concentrations as low as 10 ppb. Moreover, based on our extensive experience with the lysosomal assay, the lysosomal destabilization rates at fullerene concentrations g100 ppb were regarded as biologically significant, as they are associated with reproductive failure. Interestingly, there was no significant increase in lipid peroxidation levels in hepatopancreas tissues. Oyster hepatopancreas tissues are composed of lysosomal rich cells, and confocal microscopy studies indicated that the fullerene particles readily accumulated inside hepatopancreas cells within 4 h. Fullerene aggregates tended to be localized and concentrated into lysosomes. The microscopic work in conjunction with the lysosomal function assays supports the premise that endocytotic and lysosomal pathways may be major targets of fullerenes and other nanoparticles. Nanoparticles that affect normal lysosomal and autophagic processes may contribute to long-term, chronic problems for individual health as well as ecosystem health.
Relationships between core ideological motives, social and economic conservatism, and religiosity: Evidence from a Turkish sample

The “conservatism as motivated social cognition” approach posits two core ideological motives underlying political conservatism across cultures. However, there is a scarcity of tests from non-Western cultures, and much research has failed to distinguish between social and economic conservatism. Using a relatively large undergraduate sample from a non-Western, predominantly Muslim country (Turkey), we tested the associations among resistance to change and opposition to equality motives, social and economic conservatism, right-wing political orientation, and religiosity. In line with the “conservatism as motivated social cognition” account, we found that (a) social conservatism is more strongly related to resistance to change (rather than opposition to equality), (b) economic conservatism is more strongly related to opposition to equality (rather than resistance to change), (c) social conservatism is the strongest predictor of right-wing political orientation among other conservatism measures, and (d) political orientation and religiosity had divergent effects: While right-wing political orientation was related to economic conservatism, religiosity was inversely related to the latter, providing support for previous work indicating a resemblance between leftists and Islamists in Turkey. The results generally support the motivated social cognition approach to conservatism while also highlighting the importance of distinguishing between social and economic conservatism.
Pinna sensitivity patterns reveal reflecting and diffracting surfaces that generate the first spectral notch in the front median plane

Finite-Difference Time Domain (FDTD) acoustic simulation was used to calculate Pinna-Related Transfer Functions (PRTFs) of the KEMAR manikin's DB60 pinna. A baseline set of 25 PRTFs were first calculated at regular intervals of elevation angle in the front median plane. The simulation was then repeated 1784 times, corresponding to every unique, single-voxel perturbation of the pinna's outer surface geometry. All perturbed PRTFs were compared with the baseline set, in order to precisely quantify the frequency shifts in all the spectral peaks and notches up to 14 kHz. This paper focuses on the pinna sensitivity patterns for the first spectral notch N1, known to be an auditory cue to elevation in the median plane. In particular, N1 sensitivity patterns revealed the elevation dependence of broad areas of the pinna's upper structures that are involved in reflection, and the role of the tragus region involved in diffraction.
Proteomic Analysis of Aorta and Protective Effects of Grape Seed Procyanidin B2 in db/db Mice Reveal a Critical Role of Milk Fat Globule Epidermal Growth Factor-8 in Diabetic Arterial Damage

Background Atherosclerosis is one of the major complications of type 2 diabetic patients (T2DM), leading to morbidity and mortality. Grape seed procyanidin B2 (GSPB2) has demonstrated protective effect against atherosclerosis, which is believed to be, at least in part, a result of its antioxidative effects. The aim of this study is to identify the target protein of GSPB2 responsible for the protective effect against atherosclerosis in patients with DM. Methods and Results GSPB2 (30 mg/kg body weight/day) were administrated to db/db mice for 10 weeks. Proteomics of the aorta extracts by iTRAQ analysis was obtained from db/db mice. The results showed that expression of 557 proteins were either up- or down-regulated in the aorta of diabetic mice. Among those proteins, 139 proteins were normalized by GSPB2 to the levels comparable to those in control mice. Among the proteins regulated by GSPB2, the milk fat globule epidermal growth factor-8 (MFG-E8) was found to be increased in serum level in T2DM patients; the serum level of MFG-E8 was positively correlated with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (CF-PWV). Inhibition of MFG-E8 by RNA interference significantly suppressed whereas exogenous recombinant MFG-E8 administration exacerbated atherogenesis the db/db mice. To gain more insights into the mechanism of action of MFG-E8, we investigated the effects of MFG-E8 on the signal pathway involving the extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). Treatment with recombinant MFG-E8 led to increased whereas inhibition of MFG-E8 to decreased expression of MCP-1 and phosphorylation of ERK1/2. Conclusion Our data suggests that MFG-E8 plays an important role in atherogenesis in diabetes through both ERK and MCP-1 signaling pathways. GSPB2, a well-studied antioxidant, significantly inhibited the arterial wall changes favoring atherogenesis in db/db mice by down-regulating MFG-E8 expression in aorta and its serum level. Measuring MFG-E8 serum level could be a useful clinical surrogate prognosticating atherogenesis in DM patients.