Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Pengaruh pendekatan berpikir kausalitik scaffolding tipe 2a modifikasi berbantuan LKS terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah optik geometri dan kreativitas siswa kelas XI SMAN 1 Mataram

Scaffolding thinking approach is a specific method to facilitate students in determining cause and effect of phenomenon and identifying each cause happen in which assist are given. This research aims to investigate the effect of worksheet assisted causalitic thinking type 2a scaffolding modified approach toward student`s problem solving ability (PSA) and creativity among second grade student at SMAN 1 Mataram. This research is a quasi experimental with research design is pretest posttest control group. The population in this research are all students of XI Sains with sampling method is purposive sampling. Problem solving ablility measured using PSA test. Meanwhile, creativity measured using verbal and figural test. Problem solving ability and creativity analyzed using t-test separated varians with 5% significant level. The result of hypothesis test for problem solving ability is obtained tcount > ttable and for creativity obtained tcount < ttable. Based on the analysis result, it can be concluded that: (1) there is an effect of worksheet assisted causalitic thinking type 2a scaffolding modified approach toward the student`s problem solving ability in optical geometry. (2) there is no effect of worksheet assisted causalitic thinking type 2a scaffolding modified approach toward student`s creativity.
Brave and Cautious Reasoning in EL

Developing and maintaining ontologies is an expensive and error-prone task. After an error is detected, users may have to wait for a long time before a corrected version of the ontology is available. In the meantime, one might still want to derive meaningful knowledge from the ontology, while avoiding the known errors. We introduce brave and cautious reasoning and show that it is hard for EL. We then propose methods for improving the reasoning times by precompiling information about the known errors and using proof-theoretic techniques for computing justifications. A prototypical implementation shows that our approach is feasible for large ontologies used in practice.
Totally free-flexible membrane for low voltage MEMS metal contact switch

This paper presents results concerning an electromechanical DC-contact shunt switch based on a patented totally free-flexible metal membrane combined with an associated low temperature surface micromachining fabrication process. The electrostatic actuation enables an average measured actuation voltage of 9.2V for a 5 mum out-of-plane membrane deflection. The switch exhibits low insertion loss (0.32 dB @ 10GHz) with good isolation (>30dB @ 10GHz).
Incorporating translation into sociolinguistic research: translation policy in an international non-governmental organisation

This article explores aspects of translation, multilingualism and language policy in the field of transnational civil society. By focusing on translation policies at Amnesty International, an international non-governmental organisation that performs a key role in global governance, this article seeks to contribute to a globalisation-sensitive sociolinguistics. It argues that combining a sociolinguistic approach – more precisely linguistic ethnography – with translation studies leads to an increased understanding of the language practices under study. Furthermore, the article calls for more interdisciplinary research, stating that there is space for sociolinguistics and translation studies to contribute to research in international relations and development studies by highlighting the role of multilingualism and challenging the traditionally powerful position of English in transnational civil society.
Classifying help seeking behaviour in online communities

While help seeking has been extensively studied using self report survey data and models, there is a lack of content analysis techniques that can be directly applied to classify help seeking behaviour. In this preliminary work we propose a coding scheme which is then applied to an open dataset that we have created by carefully selecting sub groups from two popular discussion sites (Reddit and StackExchange). We then explore the possibility for automatically classifying help seeking behaviour using machine learning models. A preliminary model provides good initial results, suggesting that it may indeed be possible to construct student support systems that build off of an accurate classifier.
Systemic Arterial Hypertension in the Emergency Service: medication adherence and understanding of this disease

Objective: to identify the epidemiological profile of hypertension patients, how much they understand about the disease and the rate of adherence to treatment by these patients who had been hospitalized in the Brazilian emergency service. Methods: this cross-sectional study was performed with 116 patients, both male and female and aged over 18 years, who had been hospitalized in the Emergency Service of a University Hospital between March and June, 2013. The studied variables were data referring to socio-demographics, comorbidities, physical activity and knowledge regarding the disease. Patient adherence to treatment and the identification of the barriers were respectively evaluated using the Morisky test and the Brief Medication Questionnaire. Results: most of the patients involved in this study were women (55%), with white skin color (55%), married (51%), retirees or pensioners (64%) and with a low educational level (58%). Adherence to treatment, in most cases (55%), was moderate and the most prevalent adherence barrier was recall (67%). When medication was acquired at no cost to the patient, there was greater adherence to treatment. Conclusion: this study's patients had a moderate understanding about the disease. The high correlation between the number of drugs used and the recall barrier suggests that monotherapy is an option that can facilitate treatment adherence and reduce how often the patients forget to take their medication.
Anterolateral minithoracotomy versus median sternotomy for mitral valve disease: a meta-analysis

Objective: Mitral valve disease tends to be treated with anterolateral minithoracotomy (ALMT) rather than median sternotomy (MS), as ALMT uses progressively smaller incisions to promote better cosmetic outcomes. This meta-analysis quantifies the effects of ALMT on surgical parameters and post-operative outcomes compared with MS. Methods: One randomized controlled study and four case-control studies, published in English from January 1996 to January 2013, were identified and evaluated. Results: ALMT showed a significantly longer cardiopulmonary bypass time (P=0.001) and aortic cross-clamp time (P=0.05) compared with MS. However, the benefits of ALMT were evident as demonstrated by a shorter length of hospital stay (P<0.00001). According to operative complications, the onset of new arrhythmias following ALMT decreased significantly as compared with MS (P=0.05); however, the incidence of perioperative mortality (P=0.62), re-operation for bleeding (P=0.37), neurologic events (P=0.77), myocardial infarction (P=0.84), gastrointestinal complications (P=0.89), and renal insufficiency (P=0.67) were similar to these of MS. Long-term follow-up data were also examined, and revealed equivalent survival and freedom from mitral valve events. Conclusions: Current clinical data suggest that ALMT is a safe and effective alternative to the conventional approach and is associated with better short-term outcomes and a trend towards longer survival.
Random walk generated by random permutations of {1, 2, 3, ... , n +1 }

We study properties of a non-Markovian random walk X(n)l, l = 0, 1, 2, . , n, evolving in discrete time l on a one-dimensional lattice of integers, whose moves to the right or to the left are prescribed by the rise-and-descent sequences characterizing random permutations π of [n + 1] = {1, 2, 3, . , n + 1}. We determine exactly the probability of finding the end-point Xn = X(n)n of the trajectory of such a permutation-generated random walk (PGRW) at site X, and show that in the limit n → ∞ it converges to a normal distribution with a smaller, compared to the conventional Polya random walk, diffusion coefficient. We formulate, as well, an auxiliary stochastic process whose distribution is identical to the distribution of the intermediate points X(n)l, l < n, which enables us to obtain the probability measure of different excursions and to define the asymptotic distribution of the number of 'turns' of the PGRW trajectories.
Development of a parameterization of black carbon aging for use in general circulation models

Abstract. A parameterization of black carbon (BC) aging in the atmosphere is developed for use in general circulation models (GCMs) that separately treat hydrophobic BC and hydrophilic BC modes but do not explicitly calculate the aging processes of BC. The rate of BC aging is expressed as the conversion rate from hydrophobic BC to hydrophilic BC modes (i.e., inverse of the e-folding time of the conversion, 1/τBC). In this study, the conversion rates are estimated using results of detailed calculations by a size and mixing state resolved aerosol box model with numerous initial conditions. We introduce a new concept, the hydrophobic-BC-mass-normalized coating rate (VBC), defined as the rate of increase of the mass concentration of condensed materials on hydrophobic BC normalized by the hydrophobic BC mass concentration. Although the conversion rate largely varies depending on the atmospheric conditions and the concentrations of chemical species, we find that the variations of the conversion rate are generally expressed well by a unique function of VBC for given lognormal size distributions of hydrophobic BC. The parameterized conversion rate is expressed as a function of VBC, which enables the representation of diurnal and seasonal variations of the BC aging rate and its spatial differences in polluted and clean air, while other widely used constant conversion rates cannot. Application of our newly developed parameterization to GCMs will provide more reliable estimates of the spatial distribution of BC and its radiative effects at regional and global scales.
Qualitative observation tools to analyse soccer

Over the last 10 years, there has been a growing interest in matchanalysis of soccer. Usually, notational analysis uses numerical data to study and assess the quality of a match. But as far as the analysis of the tactical aspects of the game is concerned, there is a dearth of published research with regards to their theoretical bases. The purpose of this presentation is to contribute to the construction of a knowledge base about soccer using some qualitative observational tools. In a soccer match, structures and configurations of play should be considered as a whole rather than examined a piece at a time. Systems with many dynamically interacting elements can produce of rich and varied patterns of behaviours which are clearly different from the behaviour of each component considered separately. To that effect, effective space game, action zone, and configurations of play will be examined to show that this type of analysis is complementary more than opposed to the numerical data analysis systems. We shall also pay special attention to the study data bases about the evolution between two or more configurations of play. To deal with such data, we used a methodology that makes possible the qualitative study of configurations of play. Observation tools for the analysis of team sports, such as the one discussed in this presentation seem to offer a viable and pertinent basis for explaining the evolution of the rapport of strength during a match.
D ATA FOULING IN MARINE FISHERIES : FINDINGS AND A MODEL FOR N EWFOUNDLAND 1

One of the most serious problems facing fisheries managers is how to improve estimates of the distortion (‘fouling’) of commercial landings data resulting from misreporting in all its various forms. Data fouling (legal or illegal) drives a wedge between what is caught and killed at sea, and what is landed and reported to the regulator. This can obscure the true state of the stock causing it to appear healthier than it is, resulting in quotas being set too high. Informed by our survey of the reporting practices of 50 Newfoundland fishermen and other evidence, we formulate a simple theoretical model of two types of data fouling in a quota fishery; high-grading and under-reporting of catch. The model is solved analytically for the profit maximizing effort level and the associated number of high-grading operations. A second version is solved for the optimal proportion of the harvest to under-report, given the perceived probability of detection and conviction, and the structure of fines. The models can be used with available empirical data to estimate what we call the ‘data fouling factor. ’ Some illustrative policy implications are derived.
Equilibrium Path Bifurcation Due to Strain-Softening Localization in Ellipsoidal Region

A preceding study of the loss of stability of a homogeneous strain state in infinite homogeneous solid due to localization of strain into an ellipsoidal region is complemented by determining the condition of bifurcation of equilibrium path due to ellipsoidal localization mode. The bifurcation occurs when the tangential moduli matrix becomes singUlar, which coincides with Hill's classical bifurcation condition for localization into an infinite layer. The bifurcation is normally of Shanley type, occurring in absence of neutral equilibrium while the controlled displacements at infinity increase. During the loading process with displacement increase controlled at infinity, this type of bifurcation precedes the loss of stability of equilibrium due to an ellipsoidal localization mode, except when the tangential moduli change suddenly (which happens, e.g., when the slope of the stress-strain diagram is discon-tinuous, or when temperature is increased). Introduction Strain softening due to distributed cracking may cause strain-localization instabilities. For uniaxial behavior and for bending , the localization instabilities were analyzed in 1974 by BaZant (1976). In multidimensional situations, the simplest localization instabilities are the localization into a planar band or into an ellipsoid, which were analyzed by Rudnicki and Rice (1975), Rice (1976), and Rudnicki (1977). These pioneering studies were limited to localizations in an infinite space and to von Mises or Drucker-Prager plasticity. Recently, BaZant (1988d) extended these classical works to ellipsoidal localiza-tion in a material with an arbitrary constitutive law and, for the cases of localizations into planar bands as well as circular or spherical regions, to finite bodies. He also went beyond the conditions of critical state and obtained the conditions of stability. A detailed study of the effects of various material parameters as well as body size on the critical states has been presented by BaZant and Lin (1989). For a more detailed literature review, see BaZant (1988d) and BaZant and Lin (1989). The interest in the solutions of localization in ellipsoidal regions stems from the fact that, in contrast to the solutions for infinite bands, they can be used as approximate solutions of localization in finite bodies. If the body is finite, localization into an infinite band cannot represent and exact solution because , for example, the fixed boundary conditions cannot be
C-Reactive Protein Predicts Progression of Atherosclerosis Measured at Various Sites in the Arterial Tree: The Rotterdam Study

Background and Purpose— C-reactive protein (CRP) predicts myocardial infarction and stroke. Its role as a predictor of the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis is not yet known. We investigated whether CRP predicts progression of atherosclerosis measured at various sites in the arterial tree. Methods— CRP levels were measured in a random sample of 773 subjects ≥55 years of age who were participating in the Rotterdam Study. Subclinical atherosclerosis was assessed at various sites at 2 points in time, with a mean duration between measurements of 6.5 years. Results— After adjustment for age, sex, and smoking habits, odds ratios (ORs) associated with CRP levels in the highest compared with the lowest quartile were increased for progression of carotid (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.1 to 3.3), aortic (OR, 1.7; 95% CI, 1.0 to 3.0), iliac (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.2 to 3.3), and lower extremity (OR, 1.9; 95% CI, 1.0 to 3.7) atherosclerosis. The OR for generalized progression of atherosclerosis as indicated by a composite progression score was 4.5 (95% CI, 2.3 to 8.5). Except for aortic atherosclerosis, these estimates hardly changed after additional adjustment for multiple cardiovascular risk factors. In addition, ORs for progression of atherosclerosis associated with high CRP levels were as high as those associated with the traditional cardiovascular risk factors high cholesterol, hypertension, and smoking. Geometric mean levels of CRP increased with the total number of sites showing progression of atherosclerosis (P =0.002 for trend). Conclusions— CRP predicts progression of atherosclerosis measured at various sites in the arterial tree.
Association of ABO and Rh Blood Groups to Blood-Borne Infections among Blood Donors in Tehran-Iran

Abstract Background The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV and syphilis infections in blood donors referred to Tehran Blood Transfusion Center (TBTC), and determine any association between blood groups and blood- borne infections between the years of 2005 and 2011. Methods This was a retrospective study conducted at TBTC. All of the donor serum samples were screened for HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis by using third generation ELISA kits and RPR test. Initial reactive samples were tested in duplicate. Confirmatory tests were performed on all repeatedly reactive donations. Blood group was determined by forward and reverse blood grouping. The results were subjected to chi square analysis for determination of statistical difference between the values among different categories according to SPSS program. Results Overall, 2031451 donor serum samples were collected in 2005-2011. Totally, 10451 were positive test for HBV, HCV, HIV and syphilis. The overall seroprevalence of HBV, HCV, HIV, and syphilis was 0.39%, 0.11%, 0.005%, and 0.010%, respectively. Hepatitis B and HIV infections were significantly associated with blood group of donors (P <0.05) ; percentage of HIV Ag/Ab was higher in donors who had blood group “A” and percentage of HBs Ag was lower in donors who had blood group O. There was no significant association between Hepatitis C and syphilis infections with ABO and Rh blood groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Compared with neighboring countries and the international standards, prevalence of blood-borne infections is relatively low.
The Airplace Indoor Positioning Platform for Android Smartphones

In this demonstration paper, we present an indoor positioning system developed for Android smartphones, coined Airplace. To infer the unknown user location we rely on ubiquitous WLANs and exploit Received Signal Strength (RSS) values from neighboring Access Points (AP) that are constantly monitored by the mobile devices under normal operation. Our system follows a mobile-based network-assisted architecture to eliminate the communication overhead and respect user privacy. In a typical scenario, when a user walks inside a building a smartphone client conducts a single communication with our Distribution Server to receive the RSS radiomap and is then able to position itself independently using the observed RSS values. Moreover, we have implemented an Android application to facilitate the collection of RSS values by users that may contribute their data to our system for constructing and updating the radiomap through crowdsourcing1. We will demonstrate the real-time positioning capabilities of the system during the conference by allowing attendees to carry an Android tablet in order to view their position on a floorplan map, while walking around inside the demo area (interactive scenario). Moreover, we will illustrate how to evaluate the performance of different positioning algorithms using profiled data in a trace-driven scenario. Our objective is to highlight the effectiveness and applicability of our system and at the same time the participants will be able to appreciate the potential of indoor location-oriented services and applications.
‘Unassimilable and undesirable’: News elites’ discursive construction of the American immigrant during the Ellis Island years

This research examines the historical role news elites have played in shaping public perceptions of immigrants as a distinct social group. To that end, we identify the discursive strategies used by The New York Times to construct the ‘American immigrant’ during the Ellis Island years (1892–1924), a pivotal period when some of the nation’s earliest immigration restriction laws were established. Data were collected from front page newspaper articles and analysis was developed using the techniques of critical discourse analysis. Drawing on Foucault’s (1977) theoretical understanding of the enmeshment of power relations in discourse as well as Blumer’s (1958) group position model, we develop and test five hypotheses about the role of news elites in constructing this social group. Finding support for all hypotheses, we show how the article’s discursive choices dehumanized immigrants, trivialized their experiences, silenced their voices and helped legitimate an unequal social hierarchy that positions immigrants beneath non-immigrants.
Greedy Algorithms, Ordering of Variables, and d-degenerate Instances

We consider the MAX-2-SAT problem on d-degenerate formulas. This class of 2-CNFs is a generalization of 2-CNFs of bounded tree width. We first show that the class of d-degenerate formulas is very broad, since random formulas can be shown to be d-degenerate for an appropriate d. Then we test several heuristic algorithms on random d-degenerate formulas and compare results against similar tests on regular random 2-CNFs. Finally, we model the performance of one of these algorithms, the greedy one, on both random and random d-degenerate formulas by systems of differential equations.