Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
60-GHz-band dielectric waveguide filters with cross-coupling for flip-chip modules

Small-size planar dielectric waveguide filters are presented for 60-GHz-band flip-chip modules. The filters have cross-coupling to introduce an attenuation pole for higher stop-band rejection. We develop two types of three-resonator filters: one has a medium bandwidth and the other has a narrow bandwidth. The former filter shows 1.1-dB insertion loss at a center frequency of 58.3 GHz and 33-dB suppression at a 3-GHz-higher separation. The latter filter shows 3.1-dB insertion loss at a center frequency of 58.4 GHz and a 10-dB-bandwidth of 2.7 GHz. The size of each filter Is 3.4 mm/spl times/3.5 mm.
Increasing Disk Burstiness for Energy Efficiency

Hard disks for portable devices, and the operating systems that manage them, incorporate spin-down policies that idle the disk after a certain period of inactivity. In essence, these policies use a recent period of inactivity to predict that the disk will remain inactive in the near future. We propose an alternative strategy, in which the operating system deliberately seeks to cluster disk operations in time, to maximize the utilization of the disk when it is spun up and the time that the disk can be spun down. In order to cluster disk operations we postpone the service of non-urgent operations, and use aggressive prefetching and file prediction to reduce the likelihood that synchronous reads will have to go to disk. In addition, we present a novel predictive spin-down/spin-up policy that exploits high level operating system knowledge to decrease disk idle time prior to spin-down, and application wait time due to spin-up. We evaluate our strategy through trace-driven simulation of several different workload scenarios. Our results indicate that the deliberate creation of bursty activity can save up to 55% of the energy consumed by an IBM TravelStar disk, while simultaneously decreasing significantly the negative impact of disk spin-up latency on application performance.
Oxygen metabolism and reactive oxygen species cause chromosomal rearrangements and cell death

The absence of Tsa1, a key peroxiredoxin that functions to scavenge H2O2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, causes the accumulation of a broad spectrum of mutations including gross chromosomal rearrangements (GCRs). Deletion of TSA1 also causes synthetic lethality in combination with mutations in RAD6 and several key genes involved in DNA double-strand break repair. In the present study we investigated the causes of GCRs and cell death in these mutants. tsa1-associated GCRs were independent of the activity of the translesion DNA polymerases ζ, η, and Rev1. Anaerobic growth reduced substantially GCR rates of WT and tsa1 mutants and restored the viability of tsa1 rad6, tsa1 rad51, and tsa1 mre11 double mutants. Anaerobic growth also reduced the GCR rate of rad27, pif1, and rad52 mutants, indicating a role of reactive oxygen species in GCR formation in these mutants. In addition, deletion of TSA1 or H2O2 treatment of WT cells resulted in increased formation of Rad52 foci, sites of repair of multiple DNA lesions. H2O2 treatment also induced the GCRs. Our results provide in vivo evidence that oxygen metabolism and reactive oxygen species are important sources of DNA damages that can lead to GCRs and lethal effects in S. cerevisiae.
Reproductive variables as possible confounders in occupational studies of breast and ovarian cancer in females.

In a study of occupational mortality among all females dying at age 20 years or over in British Columbia during the period 1950 through 1978, significantly elevated proportional mortality ratios (PMRs) were seen for breast and/or ovarian cancer among teachers, nurses, office clerks, and sales clerks. Approximately 91% of the female deaths were recorded as occurring among "homemakers. " When the PMRs were recalculated for "working women" only (ie., excluding homemakers), most of the excesses in risks for breast and ovarian cancer observed among the four occupational groups disappeared. The authors suggest that the differences in PMR values between all women and working women are due to protective higher parity and lower maternal age at first birth among homemakers as opposed to working women in general. In occupational studies of hormone-related tumors among women, every effort should be made to control for parity level and maternal age at first birth.
Discussion of the dependence of the effect of size on the yield stress in hard materials studied by microcompression of MgO

Microcompression has attracted considerable interest in the study of size effects, mainly in soft metals. Little data is available in the literature on experiments on materials with a higher bulk flow stress, although it has been shown that the technique can be successfully employed to suppress cracking due to the small specimen dimensions. Here, microcompressions on MgO were carried out to demonstrate the possibility of individually activating different slip systems. The yield stresses obtained in conjunction with transmission electron microscopy show that both the hard and soft slip system in MgO can be characterised individually. Microcompression is, therefore, a potential alternative to macroscopic testing of brittle materials under confining pressure or at high temperatures. To determine the influence of size on such measurements, results on the two slip systems in MgO and from the literature are compared. It is found that the bulk yield stress of a material might be used to estimate the effect of size on its yield stress at the microscale.
IntelliDroid: A Targeted Input Generator for the Dynamic Analysis of Android Malware

We would like to thank Zhen Huang, Mariana D’Angelo, Dhaval Miyani, Wei Huang, Beom Heyn Kim, Sukwon Oh, and Afshar Ganjali for their suggestions and feedback. We also thank the anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments. The research in this paper was supported by an NSERC CGS-M scholarship, a Bell Graduate scholarship, an NSERC Discovery grant, an ORF-RE grant, and a Tier 2 Canada Research Chair.
Does size matter? Elasticity of compressed suspensions of colloidal- and granular-scale microgels†

We investigate the mechanics of dense packing of very small, colloidal-scale, and larger, granular-scale microgel particles. At low particle concentration, thermally induced Brownian motion of the particles is important for the colloidal-scale systems; in contrast, such Brownian motion is irrelevant at particle packing fractions beyond jamming. As a consequence, colloidal and granular systems behave very similarly under these conditions. At sufficiently high compression of the microgel particles, their polymeric nature sets the scale of the osmotic pressure and shear modulus of the whole packing, in direct analogy with macroscopic, continuous polymer gels. This observation suggests that the particulate nature of microgels is inconsequential for their linear elasticity in a highly packed state. In contrast, the particulate nature of the microgels does become essential when the packed suspensions are forced to yield and flow; here, the differences between colloidal- and granular-scale particles are marked.
Linguistic and Cognitive Skills in Sardinian–Italian Bilingual Children

We report the results of a study which tested receptive Italian grammatical competence and general cognitive abilities in bilingual Italian–Sardinian children and age-matched monolingual Italian children attending the first and second year of primary school in the Nuoro province of Sardinia, where Sardinian is still widely spoken. The results show that across age groups the performance of Sardinian–Italian bilingual children is in most cases indistinguishable from that of monolingual Italian children, in terms of both Italian language skills and general cognitive abilities. However, where there are differences, these emerge gradually over time and are mostly in favor of bilingual children.
A characterization of constant‐sample testable properties

We characterize the set of properties of Boolean‐valued functions f:X→{0,1} on a finite domain X that are testable with a constant number of samples (x,f(x)) with x drawn uniformly at random from X . Specifically, we show that a property P is testable with a constant number of samples if and only if it is (essentially) a k‐part symmetric property for some constant k, where a property is k‐part symmetric if there is a partition X1,…,Xk of X such that whether f:X→{0,1} satisfies the property is determined solely by the densities of f on X1,…,Xk . We use this characterization to show that symmetric properties are essentially the only graph properties and affine‐invariant properties that are testable with a constant number of samples and that for every constant d≥1 , monotonicity of functions on the d‐dimensional hypergrid is testable with a constant number of samples.
A Two-Step Procedure for Characterizing Obstacles Under a Rough Surface From Bistatic Measurements

A two-step electromagnetic detection procedure is proposed to characterize a dielectric obstacle buried at low depth under a rough surface from single-frequency and multistatic data. First, we have developed, in the framework of the small perturbation theory, a correlation procedure of the scattered field, which enables us to recover an estimation of the roughness profile. This method is tested for various cases with synthetic data provided by a rigorous boundary integral solver. Second, the obtained surface profile is introduced into the numerical simulation due to a finite-element code. An iterative process is then used, based on a level-set formulation, to obtain the shape of the buried target. The influence of the prior step on the accuracy of the reconstruction of the target is studied via various criteria and for different configurations.
Revisiting the baryon fractions of galaxy clusters: a comparison with WMAP 3-yr results

The universal baryonic mass fraction (Ω b /Ω m ) can be sensitively constrained using X-ray observations of galaxy clusters. In this paper, we compare the baryonic mass fraction inferred from measurements of the cosmic microwave background with the gas mass fractions (f gas ) of a large sample of clusters taken from the recent literature. In systems cooler than 4 keV, /gas declines as the system temperature decreases. However, in higher temperature systems, f gas (r 500 ) converges to≈(0.12 ± 0.02) (h /0.72) -1.5 , where the uncertainty reflects the systematic variations between clusters at r 500· This is significantly lower than the maximum-likelihood value of the baryon fraction from the recently released Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) 3-yr results. We investigate possible reasons for this discrepancy, including the effects of radiative cooling and non-gravitational heating, and conclude that the most likely solution is that Ω m is higher than the best-fitting WMAP value (we find Ω m =0.36 +0.11 ¯0.08 , but consistent at the 2σ level. Degeneracies within the WMAP data require that σ 8 must also be greater than the maximum likelihood value for consistency between the data sets.
Topical lime treatment for containment of source zone energetics contamination

Abstract : Energetic compounds, such as 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and their degradation products can act as a source of contamination for soil on Department of Defense testing and training ranges. Base hydrolysis degrades nitroaromatics and nitramines, and the potential effectiveness of lime to induce this reaction has been demonstrated at the laboratory scale. The objective of this research was to further examine both basic and applied aspects of alkaline application as an inexpensive and effective means of reducing source-zone contamination on military ranges. Bench-scale microcosms were used to examine basic conditions that could affect the alkaline hydrolysis reaction, such as soil organic matter content, lime concentration, soil type, and contamination type. Results from experiments using soil from a variety of ammunition production facilities and training ranges, in general, support the use of explosive contaminant treatment by alkaline material in well-mixed systems. RDX in crystalline form was more resistant to treatment, possibly due to limitations associated with the dissolution of the RDX from the crystal to the aqueous phase. Larger-scale experiments, conducted in vessels packed with approximately 55 kg of soil, were used to investigate topical versus well-mixed applications of three alkaline materials (hydrated lime, quicklime, and Class C fly ash). TNT, RDX, and HMX in the mixed system were removed quickly from both the leachate and soil. However, results from experiments with topical applications of alkali material indicated that the aqueous transport of hydroxide ion was not sufficient to overcome the buffering capacity of the soil. Consequently, the soil pH was not raised to the extent necessary for alkaline treatment of explosive compounds. This result is fundamentally related to the CEC properties of the soil and is consequently considered a soil specific (and therefore site specific) result.
Numerical Studies on the Buckling Resistance of Prestressed Stayed Columns

The structural behaviour of prestressed stayed columns is investigated through nonlinear finite element modelling. The models were developed using the commercial software ABAQUS and validated against a series of recently conducted experiments. The sensitivity of the load-carrying capacity to the geometry of the stayed column, the initially applied prestress level within the stays and the initial global imperfection is investigated through parametric studies. It is found that there is a substantial increase in load-carrying capacity with increasing cross-arm length, provided the critical buckling mode remains symmetric. Once the critical buckling mode becomes antisymmetric, mode interaction becomes significant and the load-carrying capacity reaches a plateau and the component generally becomes more sensitive to imperfections. It is also found that the relative level of initial prestress required to maximize the load-carrying capacity of a given stayed column tends to reduce with increasing cross-arm length.
Specification of Drosophila motoneuron identity by the combinatorial action of POU and LIM-HD factors

In both vertebrates and invertebrates, members of the LIM-homeodomain (LIM-HD) family of transcription factors act in combinatorial codes to specify motoneuron subclass identities. In the developing Drosophila embryo, the LIM-HD factors Islet (Tailup) and Lim3, specify the set of motoneuron subclasses that innervate ventral muscle targets. However, as several subclasses express both Islet and Lim3, this combinatorial code alone cannot explain how these motoneuron groups are further differentiated. To identify additional factors that may act to refine this LIM-HD code, we have analyzed the expression of POU genes in the Drosophila embryonic nerve cord. We find that the class III POU protein, Drifter (Ventral veinless), is co-expressed with Islet and Lim3 specifically in the ISNb motoneuron subclass. Loss-of-function and misexpression studies demonstrate that the LIM-HD combinatorial code requires Drifter to confer target specificity between the ISNb and TN motoneuron subclasses. To begin to elucidate molecules downstream of the LIM-HD code, we examined the involvement of the Beaten path (Beat) family of immunoglobulin-containing cell-adhesion molecules. We find that beat Ic genetically interacts with islet and Lim3 in the TN motoneuron subclass and can also rescue the TN fasciculation defects observed in islet and Lim3 mutants. These results suggest that in the TN motoneuron context, Islet and Lim3 may specify axon target selection through the actions of IgSF call-adhesion molecules.
Characterization and Modeling of Breakdown Probability in Sub-Micrometer CMOS SPADs

This paper presents the characterization of two different single-photon avalanche diodes fabricated in a standard 0.15 μm CMOS process and the modeling of their breakdown probability. The first device is based on a p+/nwell abrupt junction, while the second one has a pwell/n-iso diffused junction. Breakdown voltage and breakdown probability are modeled using both local and dead-space models. While the two models are in agreement for the prediction of breakdown voltage, it is shown that the local model largely underestimates the breakdown probability with respect to experimental results. On the contrary, the voltage and wavelength dependence of breakdown probability can be correctly predicted using the dead-space model.
Intranasal insulin suppresses systemic but not subcutaneous lipolysis in healthy humans.

CONTEXT Insulin infused into the central nervous system of rats suppresses lipolysis in white adipose tissue, indicating a role of brain insulin in regulating systemic lipid metabolism. OBJECTIVE We investigated whether central nervous insulin delivery suppresses lipolysis in healthy humans. DESIGN Placebo-controlled, balanced within-subject comparisons were performed in both a main and an independent corroborative experiment. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS/INTERVENTION: Two groups of healthy volunteers were examined at the German University Clinics of Lübeck and Tübingen, respectively, with molecular analyses taking place at Mt Sinai School of Medicine (New York, New York). The 14 healthy male subjects of the main study and the 22 women and 5 men of the corroborative study each received 160 IU of human insulin intranasally. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES In the main study, we measured systemic levels of free fatty acids (FFAs), triglycerides, and glycerol and the rate of appearance of deuterated glycerol as an estimate of lipolysis before and after intranasal insulin administration. We also analyzed the expression of key lipolytic enzymes in sc fat biopsies and measured blood glucose and glucoregulatory hormones. In the corroborative study, FFA concentrations were assessed before and after intranasal insulin administration. RESULTS In the main experiment, intranasal insulin suppressed circulating FFA concentrations and lipolysis (rate of appearance of deuterated glycerol) in the absence of significant changes in circulating insulin levels. Lipolytic protein expression in sc adipose tissue was not affected. The corroborative study confirmed that intranasal insulin lowers systemic FFA concentrations. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that brain insulin controls systemic lipolysis in healthy humans by predominantly acting on non-sc adipose tissue.
Door-in-the-Face: Is it Really Necessary That Both Requests Be Made by the Same Requester?

The door-in-the-face technique increases the likelihood of individuals accepting a target request by confronting them, beforehand, with an extreme request. The present research tests a new door-in-the-face technique in which the two requests are formulated by two different requesters during the same interaction. 160 participants were asked to help a charity organization following a door-in-the-face procedure. According to the experimental conditions, requests were formulated by one or two requesters during the same or a different interaction. As predicted, the door-in-the-face effect was observed even if two requests are formulated by two requesters, but only if both are present during the interaction. Results are discussed in terms of a reciprocal concessions interpretation and a motivational interpretation.
Indexing text data under space constraints

An important class of queries is the LIKE predicate in SQL. In the absence of an index, LIKE queries are subject to performance degradation. The notion of indexing on substrings (or <i>q</i>-grams) has been explored earlier without sufficient consideration of efficiency. <i>q</i>-grams are used to prune away rows that do not qualify for the query. The problem is to identify a finite number of grams subject to storage constraint that gives maximal pruning for a given query workload. Our contributions include: i) a formal problem definition, that produces results within a provable error bound, ii) performance evaluation of the application of the novel method to real data, and iii) parallelization of the algorithm, scaling considerations and a proposal to handle scaling issues.
Are the blood groups of women with preeclampsia a risk factor for the development of hypertension postpartum?

Introduction Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related disorder characterized by hypertension (HT) and proteinuria noticeable after 20 weeks of gestation. PE is now considered as a cardiovascular disease risk factor and a number of studies have shown that experiencing PE increases the prevalence of various cardiovascular risk factors, such as metabolic syndrome and HT. In this study, we aimed to investigate any possible relationship between the ABO/Rh blood group system and PE in Turkey. In the second part of the study, we examined the relationship between the ABO blood group system and development of HT after PE. Patients and methods A total of 250 patients with PE from Kayseri Training and Research Hospital between 2002 and 2012 were included in the study. Patients were classified according to blood groups (A, B, AB, and O) and Rh status (+/−). Results There was a significant difference between the patients with PE and the control group in terms of distribution of ABO blood groups and the percentage of group AB was found to be higher in patients with PE compared to the control group (P=0.029). The risk of developing PE was significantly higher in group AB than other blood groups (P=0.006). The risk of developing HT after PE was significantly higher in group O than other blood groups (P=0.004). Discussion In this study, we found that the patients with blood group AB have a higher risk for PE. The patients with PE of blood group O are at high risk of developing HT, and Rh factor was identified as another risk at this point and these patients should be closely followed postpartum.
Radiological and histopathological evaluation of experimentally-induced periapical lesion in rats

Objective This study evaluated experimentally-induced periapical bone loss sites using digital radiographic and histopathologic parameters. Material and Methods Twenty-seven Wistar rats were submitted to coronal opening of their mandibular right first molars. They were radiographed at 2, 15 and 30 days after the operative procedure by two digital radiographic storage phosphor plates (Digora®). The images were analyzed by creating a region of interest at the periapical region of each tooth (ImageJ) and registering the corresponding pixel values. After the sacrifice, the specimens were submitted to microscopic analysis in order to confirm the pulpal and periapical status of the tooth. Results There was significant statistically difference between the control and test sides in all the experimental periods regarding the pixel values (two-way ANOVA; p<0.05). Conclusions The microscopic analysis proved that a periapical disease development occurred during the experimental periods with an evolution from pulpal necrosis to periapical bone resorption.