Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Leadership Identity Development Among Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Student Leaders

Although a growing body of scholarship describes the development of LGBT identity in college students and abundant literature provides evidence of the developmental impact of campus involvement, little has been known about the experiences of LGBT student leaders. We interviewed 15 students from three Midwestern institutions and analyzed data using an emerging model of Leadership Identity Development (Komives et al., 2003, 2004) to identify experiences that supported participants’ growth as student leaders. Students experienced challenges specific to leading in the LGBT context (e.g., having to come out as a spokesperson), as well as supports that were context specific (e.g., entering an LGBT community through involvement in campus activities). We discuss implications for the practice of leadership education and student group advising, as well as for future research.
Intrinsic Motivation and Performance : Jewish-American Soldiers in World War II ∗

This paper assesses the potential influence of intrinsic motivation on individuals’ performance in the context of Jewish-American soldiers in World War II. In particular, it analyzes whether these soldiers performed differently when combating Germans as opposed to Japanese. Using medals, length of service, and medals per length of service as measures of performance and exploring a difference-in-differences empirical strategy, it finds that Jewish soldiers on average received fewer medals in Europe than in the Pacific when compared to their non-Jewish counterparts. This effect is driven by the length of service, as Jewish soldiers, unlike non-Jewish ones, perished three months sooner in Europe than in the Pacific. As a consequence, there is no differential effect on the number of medals received by month of service among Jewish soldiers. JEL: D91, J15, N32, N42, N44, N45, Z12
Engineering subtle targeted mutations into the mouse genome

Homologous recombination in embryonic stem (ES) cells offers an exquisitely precise mechanism to introduce targeted modifications to the mouse genome. This ability to produce specific alterations to the mouse genome has become an essential tool for the analysis of gene function and the development of mouse models of human disease. Of the many thousands of mouse alleles that have been generated by gene targeting, the majority are designed to completely ablate gene function, to create conditional alleles that are inactivated in the presence of Cre recombinase, or to produce reporter alleles that label‐specific tissues or cell populations (Eppig et al., 2012, Nucleic Acids Res 40:D881–D886). However, there is a variety of powerful motivations for the introduction of subtle targeted mutations (STMs) such as point mutations, small deletions, or small insertions into the mouse genome. The introduction of STMs allows the ablation of specific transcript isoforms, permits the functional investigation of particular domains or amino acids within a protein, provides the ability to study the role of specific sites with in cis‐regulatory elements, and can result in better mouse models of human genetic disorders. In this review, I examine the current strategies that are commonly used to introduce STMs into the mouse genome and highlight new gene targeting technologies, including TALENs and CRISPR/Cas, which are likely to influence the future of gene targeting in mice. genesis 51:605–618. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Morphing: The Linkage of Inward Private Equity and Outward Ventures

Private equity is impacting global economies and competitive landscapes of multinational enterprises (MNEs). In this pioneer research, we first find an important new pattern of globally interfirm connections: the inward private equity investment likes to promote Chinese firms’ outward venture, or an inward-outward linkage. Under this inward-outward linkage, after received investment from private equity, Chinese emerging MNEs are likely to restructure board, rebuild the top management team, reconfiguring resource, reframe the industry structure and alter competitive dynamics, thus, modify their strategies in outward ventures, such as accelerating the internationalization speed, locating more outward ventures in developed economies, and engaging complex entry modes, especially cross-border M&As. We called the emergence of this new species of MNEs as a “morphing” metaphor, with in-depth seven case studies, including Lenovo, Zoomlion, Geely, Alibaba.com, Huawei, NVC lighting, and BYD.
A Bluetooth low-energy (BLE) transceiver with TX/RX switchable on-chip matching network, 2.75mW high-IF discrete-time receiver, and 3.6mW all-digital transmitter

We present a new ultra-low-power (ULP) transceiver for Internet-of-Things (IoT) optimized for 28-nm CMOS. The receiver (RX) employs a high-rate (up to 10 GS/s) discrete-time (DT) architecture with intermediate frequency (IF) placed beyond the 1/f noise corner of MOS devices. New multistage multi-rate charge-sharing bandpass filters are adapted to achieve high out-of-band linearity, low noise and low power consumption. A transmitter (TX) employs an all-digital PLL (ADPLL) with switched-current-source digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) and switching PA. An integrated on-chip matching network serves both PA and LNTA, thus allowing a 1-pin direct antenna connection with no external antenna filters. The transceiver consumes 2.75mW in RX and 3.6mW in TX when delivering 0 dBm in Bluetooth LE.
The Household Revolution: Childcare, Housework,and Female Labor Force Participation

Throughout the 20th century home production was revolutionized by the introduction of new technologies, from running water to modern appliances, that signiﬁcantly reduced the time de-mands of home production. This paper examines whether these changes can explain the important increase in the labor force participation of married women during the 20th century. It contributes to the existing literature by including childcare constraints consistent with U.S. time use data, to examine whether the durable good revolution can also explain the historical increases in the labor force participation rates of married women with children. One of the most remarkable change during the second half of the 20th century is the progressive ﬂattening of the double-peaked pattern that characterized female participation over their life cycle in many industrialized countries.
Sentiment and the Effectiveness of Technical Analysis: Evidence from the Hedge Fund Industry

This article presents a unique test of the effectiveness of technical analysis in different sentiment environments by focusing on its usage by perhaps the most sophisticated and astute investors, namely, hedge fund managers. We document that during high-sentiment periods, hedge funds using technical analysis exhibit higher performance, lower risk, and superior market-timing ability than nonusers. The advantages of using technical analysis disappear or even reverse in low-sentiment periods. Our findings are consistent with the view that technical analysis is relatively more useful in high-sentiment periods with larger mispricing, which cannot be fully exploited by arbitrage activities because of short-sale impediments.
Combining Returns Based and Characteristics Based Style Analysis for US Diversified Equity Funds

Our study is the first to combine returns based and characteristics based style analysis into a single style analysis model. We use Best Fit Indices to establish the ‘investment domains’ of our sample managers, along the lines of size and ‘style,’ and then use our multidimensional characteristics based analysis to form style groups within those domains. We illustrate how using a combined BFI-CBS methodology (Best Fit Index (BFI) Characteristics Based Style Analysis (CBS)) improves on the out-of-sample forecasting properties of either model on their own. There has been debate in the literature about the relative merits of Returns Based Style (RBSA) analysis and Characteristics Based Style Analysis (CBS) but few of these papers address the issue of whether these methods are contradictory or complementary, preferring to focus on the relative attractiveness of the various methods or any apparent shortcomings. Our study is the first to combine the information into a single style analysis model. The BFI-CBS methodology provides a means of classification of equity investment styles that has academic rigour and is suitable for practical application; with intuitive appeal and empirical support. Our out of sample tests confirmed two things; membership of style groups formed on the basis of our combined BFI-CBS model explained a significant degree of cross sectional performance of mutual funds and secondly the cumulative effect of combining Best Fit Index and Characteristics Based Style analysis significantly improved on the CBS model and BFI models when reported on their own. The implication being that the ex post explanatory power of the combined model is greater than the individual parts.Furthermore, qualitative analysis of our results was consistent with investment practice and academic consideration of style and economic exposure with similar characteristics to the qualitative data presented by Christopherson and Williamson (1995) and Brown and Goetzmann (1997).
Mannose-Binding Lectin in Susceptibility and Progression of HIV-1 Infection in Children

Background Mannose-binding lectin (MBL; encoded by MBL-2) is a circulating pattern-recognition molecule that recognizes microbial carbohydrate motifs, leading to complement activation and cell lysis. Mutations in the MBL-2 promoter and of the MBL-2 gene exon 1 result in reduced protein levels and increased susceptibility to infection. We have investigated the effect of MBL-2 polymorphisms on susceptibility and progression of HIV-1 infection in children. Patients and methods One-hundred and twenty-eight children, aged 2–16 years were recruited. MBL-2 genotypes were determined by PCR and heteroduplex analyses. Serum MBL levels were measured by ELISA. Comparison of genotypes (A=wild type, 0=variant alleles) and protein levels between groups was performed using χ2, Mann–Whitney U or Kruskal–Wallis tests. Results Children were classified according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention clinical classification: A, B or C (mildly symptomatic [n=39], moderately symptomatic [n=58] or severely symptomatic AIDS [n=31]) or immune category 1 (n=77), 2 (n=46) or 3 (n=5). Analysis of MBL-2 genotypes with respect to clinical classification yielded minimal differences. However, patients in immunological categories 2 and 3 (<25% CD4+ T cells) were more likely to have MBL-2 variant alleles (P=0.01). We further explored MBL status with respect to disease progression. Only 1/10 long-term non-progressors (LTNPs) had an MBL-2 mutation (A/D) with a corresponding protein level of 611 ng/ml. Conclusions MBL deficiency was more frequent in patients with severe disease as assessed by CD4+ T-cell status. MBL-2 variants may be less frequent in children classified as LTNPs. MBL analysis could be useful in identifying children with slow disease progression and, consequently, may not require immediate antiretroviral treatement.
The Return Predictability and Market Efficiency of the KLSE CI Stock Index Futures Market

Numerous studies have shown that returns on stocks and futures can to some extent be predicted over time, and that for developed financial markets, the predictions are compatible with the beta-asset pricing (APT) paradigm. Increasingly, more studies have been undertaken to test the veracity of such a paradigm in emerging markets. It has been contended that the paradigm is inapplicable to those markets and will, in any event, be unable to account for predicted asset returns. In this study we consider the Stock Exchange futures market in Malaysia, which has been neglected in the literature. Our econometric findings (using GMM) indicate that the APT model can be used as a rationale for the predictability of asset returns using local information, with the betas being constant and the expected risk premia being time-varying. JEL Classification: C5, F3, G1
Contrast-enhanced portal magnetic resonance angiography in dogs with suspected congenital portal vascular anomalies.

Contrast-enhanced multiphase magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA) was used in 17 dogs with a suspected congenital portal vascular anomaly. Portal vascular anomalies were identified in 16 of the 17 dogs. Eleven had a single intrahepatic portocaval shunt (two central divisional, three right divisional, and six left divisional), one dog had a double intrahepatic portocaval shunt, one dog had a hepatic arteriovenous malformation, one dog had a complex intrahepatic porto-caval shunt. Two dogs had an extrahepatic portosystemic shunt and no shunt was identified in one dog. Total imaging time was <10 min and image quality was good to excellent in all dogs. Portal CE-MRA is a feasible, fast and non invasive technique to diagnose portal vascular anomalies in dogs, with a large field-of-view and good anatomic depiction of the abnormal vessels. Based on these results, CE-MRA is an efficient imaging technique for the diagnosis of portal vascular anomalies in dogs.
Application of Kraljic's Purchasing Portfolio Matrix in an Undeveloped Logistics Infrastructure: The Staatsolie Suriname Case

ABSTRACT The Kraljic matrix has received large-scale adoption, especially in Western Europe, as a tool for developing differentiated purchasing strategies. However, it is not clear whether the Kraljic matrix could be applied by companies operating in remote conditions in a country or region where the logistics infrastructure is not well developed. This paper reports on a literature study that is aimed at identifying the necessary adaptations to the Kraljic matrix when applied under remote conditions. Based on an action research project within the State Oil Company of Suriname, the usefulness of the adapted Kraljic approach has been explored.
The Economics of International Policy Coordination

One aspect of reforming the world monetary system is the issue of designing a set of "rules of the game" within which countries can pursue their own national objectives and yet which still leads to some form of global coordination of macroeconomic policies. The issue of strategic interactions between countries has recently received some analytical insight with the application of game theory to the economic literature on interdependence between countries. The purpose of this paper is to survey these recent applications of static and dynamic game theory to the question of international policy coordination. It also surveys the results of the few empirical attempts to measure the potential gains to coordination. Copyright 1988 by The Economic Society of Australia.
Macroeconomic Fluctuations and the Allocation of Time

What are the fundamental driving forces of macroeconomic fluctuations? In particular, why do people spend more time working in booms and less in recessions? These are basic questions of macroeconomics. Recent thinking has emphasized technology shifts, preference shifts, and changes in government purchases as likely driving forces. It is useful to distinguish atemporal and intertemporal effects of the driving forces. Under standard assumptions, the technology shift has no effect through atemporal channels because income and substitution effects exactly offset. A straightforward decomposition of movements of employment attributes most of them to the atemporal effects of preference shifts.
Tracing hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype B5 (formerly B6) evolutionary history in the circumpolar Arctic through phylogeographic modelling

Background Indigenous populations of the circumpolar Arctic are considered to be endemically infected (>2% prevalence) with hepatitis B virus (HBV), with subgenotype B5 (formerly B6) unique to these populations. The distinctive properties of HBV/B5, including high nucleotide diversity yet no significant liver disease, suggest virus adaptation through long-term host-pathogen association. Methods To investigate the origin and evolutionary spread of HBV/B5 into the circumpolar Arctic, fifty-seven partial and full genome sequences from Alaska, Canada and Greenland, having known location and sampling dates spanning 40 years, were phylogeographically investigated by Bayesian analysis (BEAST 2) using a reversible-jump-based substitution model and a clock rate estimated at 4.1 × 10−5 substitutions/site/year. Results Following an initial divergence from an Asian viral ancestor approximately 1954 years before present (YBP; 95% highest probability density interval [1188, 2901]), HBV/B5 coalescence occurred almost 1000 years later. Surprisingly, the HBV/B5 ancestor appears to locate first to Greenland in a rapid coastal route progression based on the landscape aware geographic model, with subsequent B5 evolution and spread westward. Bayesian skyline plot analysis demonstrated an HBV/B5 population expansion occurring approximately 400 YBP, coinciding with the disruption of the Neo-Eskimo Thule culture into more heterogeneous and regionally distinct Inuit populations throughout the North American Arctic. Discussion HBV/B5 origin and spread appears to occur coincident with the movement of Neo-Eskimo (Inuit) populations within the past 1000 years, further supporting the hypothesis of HBV/host co-expansion, and illustrating the concept of host-pathogen adaptation and balance.
Social Capital and Capital Gains in Silicon Valley

Silicon Valley is built on social capital, but it is social capital of a fundamentally different type from the concept of "deep civic engagement" that has come to dominate development theory and to influence policy. Social capital in Silicon Valley is best understood as performance-based trust. It emerges among economic and institutional actors in the pursuit of objectives related specifically to innovation and commercialization. In Silicon Valley, the sequence runs from performance to trust, not from community to trust as the civic engagement theorists would have it. Silicon Valley is an open society—open to ideas, to institutions, and especially to people. Community-based trust implies a closed society. The openness of Silicon Valley to foreigners is one of the region's most valuable assets; it has also been the best social capital investment for the home countries.
Voluntary Eco-Labeling and the Price Premium

International environmental organizations propose voluntary eco-labeling as a market incentive to promote industry to operate in an ecologically sustainable and environmentally friendly manner. A microeconomic analysis questions whether voluntary eco-labeling will cause producer profits in a competitive industry to decline and whether eco-labeling will necessarily generate different prices for labeled and unlabeled product. Using wood product as an example, results identify conditions that may exist when firms lose profits, even under a voluntary system, and where existing production constraints may lead to a single price, regardless of labeling. (JEL Q28)
Hidden quality costs and the distinction between quality cost and quality loss

Thus far, it has been usual to distinguish quality costs as prevention, appraisal and failure costs. In this paper, we propose that prevention, appraisal and failure are not the only quality costs. There are other hidden costs that are identified in this paper. The importance of the hidden costs that are the manufacturing loss and the design loss is stretched, as they are large and they cannot be overlooked. Also, prevention, appraisal and failure are classified as quality costs and quality losses. So, we introduce the categories of prevention loss and appraisal loss. Finally, a case study is presented, in order to support the validity of the proposal.
Evaluating the public health impacts of legalizing recreational cannabis use in the United States.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Since 2012 four US states have legalized the retail sale of cannabis for recreational use by adults, and more are likely to follow. This report aimed to (1) briefly describe the regulatory regimes so far implemented; (2) outline their plausible effects on cannabis use and cannabis-related harm; and (3) suggest what research is needed to evaluate the public health impact of these policy changes. METHOD We reviewed the drug policy literature to identify: (1) plausible effects of legalizing adult recreational use on cannabis price and availability; (2) factors that may increase or limit these effects; (3) pointers from studies of the effects of legalizing medical cannabis use; and (4) indicators of cannabis use and cannabis-related harm that can be monitored to assess the effects of these policy changes. RESULTS Legalization of recreational use will probably increase use in the long term, but the magnitude and timing of any increase is uncertain. It will be critical to monitor: cannabis use in household and high school surveys; cannabis sales; the number of cannabis plants legally produced; and the tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content of cannabis. Indicators of cannabis-related harms that should be monitored include: car crash fatalities and injuries; emergency department presentations; presentations to addiction treatment services; and the prevalence of regular cannabis use among young people in mental health services and the criminal justice system. CONCLUSIONS Plausible effects of legalizing recreational cannabis use in the United States include substantially reducing the price of cannabis and increasing heavy use and some types of cannabis-related harm among existing users. In the longer term it may also increase the number of new users.