Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How dynamic can organizational capabilities be? Towards a dual-process model of capability dynamization

The recent discussion in the field of strategic management broadly favors the idea of dynamic capabilities in order to overcome potential rigidities of organizational capability building. The major question addressed in this paper is whether capabilities can actually be conceived as being in flux—and if so, to what extent and in which way? After briefly recapitulating the distinguishing features of organizational capabilities, path dependency, structural inertia, and commitment are identified as the main capability-rigidity drivers causing a managerial dilemma. In the search for a resolution of this dilemma different approaches of dynamic capabilities are identified and discussed. The analysis shows that the approaches suffer from inherent conceptual contradictions: the dynamization runs the risk of dissolving the original idea and strength of organizational capability building. Ultimately, capabilities would lose the strategic power attributed to them in the resource-based view. The last section of this paper therefore aims to develop an alternative approach, which aims at preserving the original merits of organizational capability and solving the rigidity issue not by integrating a dynamic dimension into the capability construct but rather by establishing a separate function (‘capability monitoring’). The suggestions mount up to a tier solution. Its logic builds on the dynamics of countervailing processes and second-level observation. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Sentencing Consequences of Federal Pretrial Supervision

Legal variables, such as offense severity and criminal history, principally shape sentencing decisions, but extralegal factors such as race, gender, and age also influence sentencing outcomes. Studies focusing on the effect of pretrial detention on sentencing outcomes usually associate pretrial detention with negative sentencing outcomes. The current study followed 90,037 federal defendants from indictment through sentencing, and measured the effects of pretrial detention on sentencing decisions. Detention (and, to a lesser degree, revocation of pretrial release) was associated with increased likelihood of receiving a prison sentence and greater sentence length, even when controlling for offense severity and criminal history scores.
DO CONSUMO AO DESCARTE DE PRODUTOS E EMBALAGENS: ESTAMOS ALIENADOS?

The term “alienation” is used in sociological analysis of production systems and, recently, in studies of compulsive consumption. There are no definitions or investigations discussing "alienation of disposal" of products and packaging. Following this line of thought, the aim of this article is to identify people's perceptions about the implications of the act of discarding a product or packaging. Interviews were conducted with citizens and experts in environmental issues in Porto Alegre, Brazil. We followed a semi-structured script addressing general issues about the environment, buying behavior, habits and attitudes related to disposal and destination of products and packaging. The results indicate the absence of environmental education and knowledge of the life cycle of products. The consumer, when buying a product, does not envisage that will have to discard the packaging. The disposal is associated with the act of "making disappear out of his eyes" without knowing the steps taken by the waste until its final destination. It was found detachment or alienation concerning the disposal of products and packaging. The results of this research will support initiatives to increase environmental awareness of the population, as well as to elaborate policies about product information and consumer responsibilities.
In Search of Women of Color in the Social Work Journal Literature (1998–2007)

This article reports secondary analysis findings that categorized the content on women of color in 17 selected social work journals over 10 years. Included are the number of articles per journal containing content on women of color, referents to their social identities, themes, curricular areas, authors’ analytical methods, and the amount and degree of feminist content. Data are compared to women overall. In most areas, the content on women of color was proportionate to women overall with some noted exceptions especially in social identity, and feminist and human rights content. Implications for social work are discussed.
The value of blood group‐specific lectin and endothelial associated antibodies in the diagnosis of vascular proliferations

Blood vascular and lymphatic tumors were evaluated immunohistochemically by studying a spectrum of endothelial associated antigens. (1) UEA‐I lectin reacted with the tumor cells of one patient with malignant angioendothelioma in the non‐metastatic stage. However, when metastasis occurred, the binding sites of this lectin completely disappeared from the surface of the tumor cells in both original and metastatic lesions, suggesting the loss of blood group H antigen from the tumor cells could be used as an indicator of metastasis in this tumor. (2) Reaction with anti‐HLA‐A, B, C, intense in normal blood vessels, remained intensely positive in pyogenic granuloma and Kaposi's sarcoma, whereas it did not react with normal lymphatics and lymphangioma. This indicates that anti‐HLA‐A, B, C is useful in differentiating blood vascular structures from lymphatic structures in both normal and pathological conditions. (3) OKM5 reacted intensely with benign hyperplasius in pyogenic granuloma, while barely reacting with proliferating parts in Kaposi's sarcoma, suggesting the difference in staining patterns can be used to distinguish vascular proliferation or malignancy. (4) Reaction with anti‐Type IV collagen and anti‐laminin was intense in normal blood vessels, pyogenic granuloma and Kaposi's sarcoma, whereas reaction with these antibodies in normal lymphatics was patchy and irregular in its thickness.
Wavefront Error Correction with Adaptive Optics in Diabetic Retinopathy

Purpose To determine the effects of diabetic retinopathy (DR), increased foveal thickness (FT), and adaptive optics (AO) on wavefront aberrations and Shack-Hartmann (SH) image quality. Methods Shack-Hartmann aberrometry and wavefront error correction were performed with a bench-top AO retinal imaging system in 10 healthy control and 19 DR subjects. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography was performed and central FT was measured. Based on the FT data in the control group, subjects in the DR group were categorized into two subgroups: those with normal FT and those with increased FT. Shack-Hartmann image quality was assessed based on spot areas, and high-order (HO) root mean square (RMS) and total RMS were calculated. Results There was a significant effect of DR on HO and total RMS (p = 0.01), and RMS decreased significantly after AO correction (p < 0.001). Shack-Hartmann spot area was significantly affected by DR (p < 0.001), but it did not change after AO correction (p = 0.6). High-order RMS, total RMS, and SH spot area were higher in DR subjects both before and after AO correction. In DR subgroups, HO and total RMS decreased significantly after AO correction (p < 0.001), whereas the effect of increased FT on HO and total RMS was not significant (p ≥ 0.7). There were no significant effects of increased FT and AO on SH spot area (p = 0.9). Conclusions Diabetic retinopathy subjects had higher wavefront aberrations and less compact SH spots, likely attributable to pathological changes in the ocular optics. Wavefront aberrations were significantly reduced by AO, although AO performance was suboptimal in DR subjects as compared with control subjects.
On the information content of the fama and French factors in the UK

This study explores the information content of HML and SMB by linking the Fama-French factors to shocks in the state variables which predict future investment opportunities. It shows that the HML factor contains information about shocks to default spread. Moreover, the Fama-French model explains the cross-section of average returns on portfolios sorted on size and book-to-market ratio better than both a model that includes shocks to the state variables and a model that includes news related to future industrial production growth in addition to the market factor. Furthermore, when loadings on HML and SMB are present in the model, loadings on shocks to default spread lose its explanatory power for the cross-section of returns. The results provide economic interpretation for the empirical success of HML factor but different from the US evidence that shocks to state variables subsume Fama-French factors. How to quote or cite this document Mouselli, Sulaiman, Michou, Maria, and Stark, Andrew. (2008). On the Information Content of the Fama and French Factors in the UK. Manchester Business School Working Paper, Number 559, available: http://www.mbs. ac.uk/research/working-papers.aspx. ON THE INFORMATION CONTENT OF THE FAMA AND FRENCH FACTORS IN THE UK Sulaiman Mouselli (Bangor Business School) Maria Michou (University of Edinburgh Business Scho ol) Andrew Stark (Manchester Business School)
Relation Between Positive and Negative Maternal Emotional States and Obstetrical Outcomes

The objective of this research was to study whether positive and negative maternal emotional states were related to obstetrical outcomes in 205 women who participated in a study conducted between 2004 and 2007 in the Sant Joan University Hospital of Reus, Spain. Maternal anxiety and positive emotional states were assessed using the State Trait Anxiety Inventory. The obstetrical outcomes of interest were gestational age at birth, birth weight, and mode of delivery. More women with lower anxiety levels and a more positive state of mind had normal deliveries. Anxiety was related to lower birth weight and to difficult delivery. A positive state of mind and emotional stability were associated with having a normal delivery. Therefore, moderate levels of anxiety were associated with complications during delivery and poorer fetal outcomes, whereas a positive state of mind was associated with better childbirth experiences.
Social Capital in Rural and Urban Communities: Testing Differences in Media Effects and Models

This study examines whether the effects of the mass media on social capital and related processes vary between rural and urban communities. A distinction is made between indicators of social networks (association membership and neighborliness), social trust (interpersonal trust and community trust), and pro-social behaviors (voting and volunteering). We test nonrecursive structural equation models with manifest and latent variables on rural and urban U.S. samples. Media effects differ by medium and by community type. Newspaper use has positive effects in each model, while those of entertainment TV viewing are negative. Local TV news use has positive effects in only the urban model, while network TV news use has positive effects in only the rural model. In addition, there is a reciprocal relationship between social networks and social trust in the rural model, while the relationship is linear—from social networks to social trust—in the urban model.
Vegetative buffers for fan emissions from poultry farms: 1. temperature and foliar nitrogen

This study sought to evaluate the potential of trees planted around commercial poultry farms to trap ammonia (NH3), the gas of greatest environmental concern to the poultry industry. Four plant species (Norway spruce, Spike hybrid poplar, Streamco willow, and hybrid willow) were planted on eight commercial farms from 2003 to 2004. Because temperature (T) can be a stressor for trees, T was monitored in 2005 with data loggers among the trees in front of the exhaust fans (11.4 to 17.7 m) and at a control distance away from the fans (48 m) during all four seasons in Pennsylvania. Norway spruce (Picea abies) foliage samples were taken in August 2005 from one turkey and two layer farms for dry matter (DM) and nitrogen (N) analysis. The two layer farms had both Norway spruce and Spike hybrid poplar (Populus deltoides × Populus nigra) plantings sampled as well allowing comparisons of species and the effect of plant location near the fans versus a control distance away. Proximity to the fans had a clear effect on spruce foliar N with greater concentrations downwind of the fans than at control distances (3.03 vs. 1.88%; P ≤ 0.0005). Plant location was again a significant factor for foliar N of both poplar and spruce on the two farms with both species showing greater N adjacent to the fans compared to the controls (3.75 vs. 2.32%; P ≤ 0.0001). Pooled foliar DM of both plants was also greater among those near the fans (56.17, fan vs. 44.67%, control; P ≤ 0.005). Species differences were also significant showing the potential of poplar to retain greater foliar N than spruce (3.52 vs. 2.55%; P ≤ 0.001) with less DM (46.00 vs. 54.83%; P ≤ 0.05) in a vegetative buffer setting. The results indicated plants were not stressed by the T near exhaust fans with mean seasonal T (13.04 vs. 13.03°C, respectively) not significantly different from controls. This suggested poultry house exhaust air among the trees near the fans would not result in dormancy stressors on the plants compared to controls away from the fans.
HVVFET™: A new 0.25µm channel length RF POWER MOSFET with ultra low feedback capacitance

A novel short channel vertical RF MOSFET (termed HVVFET™) has been developed for avionics and L-band radar applications. The HVVFET employs a silicided polysilicon spacer that is formed along a vertical dielectric sidewall to serve as the gate. A second silicided poly layer is sandwiched between the gate interconnects and the Si wafer, thereby completely shielding the gate from the drain. Consequently, the HVVFET exhibits superior device characteristics such as a state of the art BVD<inf>SS</inf>-R<inf>ON-SP</inf> combination and very low capacitances, in particular, to the authors' knowledge, a record low C<inf>gd</inf>. The packaged HVVFET device with a total gate width of 64.5 mm shows a C<inf>gd</inf> of 2.67×10<sup>−18</sup> and 2.32×10<sup>−18</sup> F/um at 25V and 40V respectively. The capacitance values are 1.65×10<sup>−18</sup> and 1.3×10<sup>−18</sup> F/um for a bare die under the same biases, representing a five-fold improvement over similar devices in the literature. The packaged HVVFET device exhibits superior RF performances in the 1.0–1.2GHz band, including a 19dB power gain, 0.8W/mm output power at ldB compression and 45% PAE, and a 20:1 load mismatch survivability.
Série Scientifique Scientific Series Session Effects in the Laboratory Session Effects in the Laboratory

Reproduction partielle permise avec citation du document source, incluant la notice ©. Short sections may be quoted without explicit permission, if full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. CIRANO Le CIRANO est un organisme sans but lucratif constitué en vertu de la Loi des compagnies du Québec. Le financement de son infrastructure et de ses activités de recherche provient des cotisations de ses organisations-membres, d'une subvention d'infrastructure du Ministère du Développement économique et régional et de la Recherche, de même que des subventions et mandats obtenus par ses équipes de recherche. CIRANO is a private non-profit organization incorporated under the Québec Companies Act. Its infrastructure and research activities are funded through fees paid by member organizations, an infrastructure grant from the Ministère du Développement économique et régional et de la Recherche, and grants and research mandates obtained by its research teams. Le CIRANO collabore avec de nombreux centres et chaires de recherche universitaires dont on peut consulter la liste sur son site web. Les cahiers de la série scientifique (CS) visent à rendre accessibles des résultats de recherche effectuée au CIRANO afin de susciter échanges et commentaires. Ces cahiers sont écrits dans le style des publications scientifiques. Les idées et les opinions émises sont sous l'unique responsabilité des auteurs et ne représentent pas nécessairement les positions du CIRANO ou de ses partenaires. This paper presents research carried out at CIRANO and aims at encouraging discussion and comment. The observations and viewpoints expressed are the sole responsibility of the authors. They do not necessarily represent positions of CIRANO or its partners. Résumé / Abstract En économie expérimentale où les sujets participent à différentes sessions, les observations peuvent être plus corrélées à l'intérieur d'une même session qu'entre les participants ayant participé à différentes sessions. Ce type d'effet est présent également dans plusieurs autres domaines, autant expérimentaux que non-expérimentaux. Cette étude tente de mettre en lumière quelles sont les sources du problème et propose un ensemble de tests pour déterminer s'il y a ou non présence de corrélation intra-session dans une collecte de données, et pour identifier l'effet d'un traitement lorsque ce problème est présent. Des simulations ont été effectuées pour évaluer la performance de ces tests sur des échantillons avec peu d'observations, ce qui est commun lors de la collecte de données de type expérimental. In experimental economics, where subjects participate in different sessions, observations across subjects of a …
The History of Star Forming Galaxies and Their Environment as Seen by Spitzer: A Review.

The advent of the Spitzer Space Telescope has revolutionized our understanding of the history of star formation and galaxy mass assembly in the Universe. The tremendous leap in sensitivity from previous mid-to-far IR missions has allowed Spitzer to perform deeper, and wider, surveys than previously possible at these wavelengths. In this review I highlight some of the key results to come out of these surveys, and the implications these have for current models of galaxy formation and evolution.
Vascular endothelial growth factor-bound stents: application of in situ capture technology of circulating endothelial progenitor cells in porcine coronary model.

OBJECTIVES We evaluated the in vivo performance of a newly devised vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-bound stent in a porcine coronary model. BACKGROUND An anti-CD34 antibody-bound stent, which captures endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) to accelerate tissue formation, did not reduce intimal hyperplasia. By targeting the VEGF receptor, which is expressed on endothelial-lineage cells, we developed VEGF-bound stents that may enable selective capture of EPCs followed by rapid endothelialization. METHODS Metallic stents were first coated with poly-(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol), and then chemically bound with either VEGF or anti-CD34 antibody. These stents were placed in porcine coronary arteries for up to 14 days. Stent surface was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and by scanning electron microscope (SEM). RESULTS After 2-day stenting with VEGF-bound stents, small populations of KDR (VEGF receptor-2)-positive cells adhered to the stent struts. After 7- and 14-day stenting, struts were fully covered with newly regenerated tissue. SEM images showed that the uniform tissue formed on struts was morphologically similar to native endothelium and was continuously connected with adjacent native endothelium. On the other hand, for the anti-CD34 antibody-bound stents, stent struts were rapidly covered by newly generated tissue that consisted of multicellular aggregates. CONCLUSIONS Compared with anti-CD34 antibody-bound stents, VEGF-bound stents provide highly selective capture of EPCs, followed by rapid formation of intact endothelium tissue at an early period of stenting. These results suggest that VEGF-bound stents could represent a promising therapeutic option for cardiovascular stenting, although further long-term follow-up experiment with double-blinded fashion is needed prior to clinical application.
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas in a large US multicenter cohort: prognostication in the modern era including impact of frontline therapy.

BACKGROUND Optimal frontline therapy for peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) in the modern era remains unclear. PATIENTS AND METHODS We examined patient characteristics, treatment, and outcomes among 341 newly diagnosed PTCL patients from 2000 to 2011. Outcome was compared with a matched cohort of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) patients, and prognostic factors were assessed using univariate and multivariate analyses. RESULTS PTCL subtypes included PTCL, not otherwise specified (PTCL-NOS) (31%), anaplastic large T-cell lymphoma (ALCL) (26%), angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma (23%), NK/T-cell lymphoma (7%), acute T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (6%), and other (7%). Median age was 62 years (range 18-95 years), and 74% had stage III-IV disease. Twenty-three (7%) patients received only palliative care whereas 318 received chemotherapy: CHOP-like regimens (70%), hyperCVAD/MA (6%), or other (18%). Thirty-three patients (10%) underwent stem-cell transplantation (SCT) in first remission. The overall response rate was 73% (61% complete); 24% had primary refractory disease. With 39-month median follow-up, 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 32% and 52%. PFS and OS for PTCL patients were significantly inferior to matched patients with DLBCL. On multivariate analysis, stage I-II disease was the only significant pretreatment prognostic factor [PFS: hazard ratio (HR) 0.54, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.34-0.85, P = 0.007; OS: HR 0.42, 95% CI 0.22-0.78, P = 0.006]. ALK positivity in ALCL was prognostic on univariate analysis, but lost significance on multivariate analysis. The most dominant prognostic factor was response to initial therapy (complete response versus other), including adjustment for stage and SCT [PFS: HR 0.19, 95% CI 0.14-0.28, P < 0.0001; OS: HR 0.26, 95% CI 0.17-0.40, P < 0.0001]. No overall survival difference was observed based on choice of upfront regimen or SCT in first remission. CONCLUSIONS This analysis identifies early-stage disease and initial treatment response as dominant prognostic factors in PTCL. No clear benefit was observed for patients undergoing consolidative SCT. Novel therapeutic approaches for PTCL are critically needed.
Viral Replication, Persistence in Water and Genetic Characterization of Two Influenza A Viruses Isolated from Surface Lake Water

Water-borne transmission has been suggested as an important transmission mechanism for Influenza A (IA) viruses in wild duck populations; however, relatively few studies have attempted to detect IA viruses from aquatic habitats. Water-isolated viruses have rarely been genetically characterized and evaluation for persistence in water and infectivity in natural hosts has never been documented. In this study, we focused on two IA viruses (H3N8 and H4N6 subtypes) isolated from surface lake water in Minnesota, USA. We investigated the relative prevalence of the two virus subtypes in wild duck populations at the sampling site and their genetic relatedness to IA viruses isolated in wild waterbirds in North America. Viral persistence under different laboratory conditions (temperature and pH) and replication in experimentally infected Mallards (Anas platyrhynchos) were also characterized. Both viruses were the most prevalent subtype one year following their isolation in lake water. The viruses persisted in water for an extended time period at constant temperature (several weeks) but infectivity rapidly reduced under multiple freeze-thaw cycles. Furthermore, the two isolates efficiently replicated in Mallards. The complete genome characterization supported that these isolates originated from genetic reassortments with other IA viruses circulating in wild duck populations during the year of sampling. Based on phylogenetic analyses, we couldn't identify genetically similar viruses in duck populations in the years following their isolation from lake water. Our study supports the role for water-borne transmission for IA viruses but also highlights that additional field and experimental studies are required to support inter-annual persistence in aquatic habitats.