Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Efficacy and Safety of Injectable Robenacoxib for the Treatment of Pain Associated With Soft Tissue Surgery in Dogs

Background Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used routinely to control pain and inflammation after surgery in dogs. Robenacoxib is a cyclooxygenase‐2 selective NSAID. Hypothesis/Objective Assess the clinical efficacy and safety of an injectable formulation of robenacoxib in dogs undergoing surgery. Animals Three hundred and seventeen client‐owned dogs (N = 159 robenacoxib or N = 158 placebo). Methods In this prospective, multicenter, randomized, masked, placebo‐controlled, parallel‐group study, dogs received a SC injection of either robenacoxib, at a target dose of 2.0 mg/kg, or placebo once prior to surgery and for 2 additional days postoperatively. Pain assessments were performed using the short form of the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale (CMPS‐SF). The primary efficacy variable was treatment success/failure, with failure defined as the need for rescue therapy to control pain or withdrawal of the dog from the study due to an adverse event. Results Significantly (P = .006) more dogs administered robenacoxib were considered treatment successes (108 of 151, 73.7%) compared to dogs given placebo (85 of 152, 58.1%). Total pain scores (P < .01), pain at the surgery sites (response to touch, P < .01), and posture/activity (P < .05) were significantly improved at 3, 5, and 8 hours postextubation in dogs receiving robenacoxib versus placebo. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Robenacoxib administered by SC injection prior to surgery and for 2 additional days postoperatively was effective and well tolerated in the control of postoperative pain and inflammation associated with soft tissue surgery in dogs.
Male mating behaviour and mating systems of bees: an overview

Les Apoides se caracterisent par une diversite interspecifique enorme concernant aussi bien les lieux d'accouplement, ou les mâles recherchent les femelles, que les strategies utilisees par les mâles pour s'assurer des accouplements efficaces. Je decris ici un cadre conceptuel qui pourrait etre a la base de l'evolution de ce comportement. Il repose sur la logique de Darwin et les propositions de von Alcock et al. (1978) et de Shuster et Wade (2003) et permet d'interpreter les differences interspecifiques du comportement d'accouplement des mâles. La repartition des femelles, pretes a s'accoupler des leur emergence, est d'une importance decisive pour la mise en place des lieux d'accouplement. C'est pourquoi la repartition des femelles equivaut le plus souvent a la repartition des nids (Tab. I). Lorsque la densite des nids est elevee, on peut s'attendre a ce qu'il existe une pression de selection pour les accouplements a proximite des nids. Si par contre les nids sont disperses, il est probable que les lieux d'accouplement se mettront en place de preference pres des sources de nourriture (fleurs) ou pres d'endroits independants de la nourriture (lignes de vol ou lieux de rassemblement). On donne des exemples pour ces deux cas (Tab. II). C'est la densite des mâles en competition qui vraisemblablement favorisera le plus l'un des deux facteurs : la territorialite des mâles ou la competition par la ruee (Tab. III). Les observations coincident en grande partie avec le cadre propose. Neanmoins ses limitations sont soulignees et de futurs axes de recherche proposes. Mis a part les abeilles melliferes du genre Apis, dont les femelles s'accouplent avec de nombreux mâles (polyandrie), on considere que les femelles de la plupart des especes d'Apoides ne s'accouplent qu'une seule fois (monoandrie), bien que les donnees genetiques pour soutenir cette assertion soient generalement manquantes. J'attache une valeur particuliere a la description de la diversite intraspecifique des lieux d'accouplement, du comportement des mâles et du systeme d'accouplement qui est en partie predite par le cadre conceptuel. En me basant sur les donnees empiriques de trois especes d'Andrena, je suggere que la consanguinite peut etre beaucoup plus repandue chez les Apoides, en particulier chez les abeilles nidifiant dans le sol, qu'on ne l'a admis jusqu'a present. Le cadre conceptuel peut aider a interpreter le comportement d'accouplement des mâles et les systemes d'accouplement chez les abeilles, mais aussi a produire des predictions, qui devront etre testees dans les recherches a venir. Il est necessaire de disposer d'une combinaison de donnees comportementales et de donnees genetiques pour avoir une vue plus complete des systemes et des strategies d'accouplement chez les abeilles.
Understanding PARSEC performance on contemporary CMPs

PARSEC is a reference application suite used in industry and academia to assess new Chip Multiprocessor (CMP) designs. No investigation to date has profiled PARSEC on real hardware to better understand scaling properties and bottlenecks. This understanding is crucial in guiding future CMP designs for these kinds of emerging workloads. We use hardware performance counters, taking a systems-level approach and varying common architectural parameters: number of out-of-order cores, memory hierarchy configurations, number of multiple simultaneous threads, number of memory channels, and processor frequencies. We find these programs to be largely compute-bound, and thus limited by number of cores, micro-architectural resources, and cache-to-cache transfers, rather than by off-chip memory or system bus bandwidth. Half the suite fails to scale linearly with increasing number of threads, and some applications saturate performance at few threads on all platforms tested. Exploiting thread level parallelism delivers greater payoffs than exploiting instruction level parallelism. To reduce power and improve performance, we recommend increasing the number of arithmetic units per core, increasing support for TLP, and reducing support for ILP.
Mother–infant behavioral interactions in teenage and adult mothers during the first six months postpartum: Relations with infant development

Le but de cette etude etait de comparer les interactions comportementales de meres adolescentes (groupe a haut risque), de meres adultes a risque (groupe a risque modere) et de meres adultes sans risque (groupe a faible risque), a un et six mois postpartum, et d'examiner les relations entre les comportements maternels et les scores de developpement du nourrisson sur les echelles de Bailey. Les resultats indiquerent que les meres adolescentes a haut risque et les meres adultes a risque modere vocalisaient moins et avaient des cotes d'evaluation imprevues plus bas, compare aux meres a risque faible. Aussi, les nourrissons dans les groupes a risque eleve et a risque modere obtinrent des scores mentaux plus bas a six mois que le groupe a risque faible. Une stabilite moderee au fil du temps a ete discernee pour la vocalisation maternelle et les scores des nourrissons sur l'echelle mentale. Les vocalisations maternelles et les cotes d'evaluation comportementales imprevues a un mois etaient liees a la performance sur les echelles de Bailey. Des strategies d'intervention specifiques sont discutees dans le but de cibler et d'ameliorer les patterns precoce de comportement maternel chez les groupes a risque.
No Association between Circulating Levels and Genetic Variants of IL-6 and TNF-α and Colon Adenoma

Background Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), two important inflammatory cytokines, have been inconsistently associated with risk of colon neoplasia in epidemiological studies. However, research to date has not adequately assessed whether race-specific differences may exist in associations between biomarkers and genetic variants of these cytokines and colorectal adenoma - the precursor lesions of colorectal cancer. We sought to determine whether circulating levels of IL-6 and TNF-α, or genetic polymorphisms in IL-6and TNF-α were associated with colon adenoma and if so, whether that association differed by race. Methods We analyzed the associations of circulating levels and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of IL-6 and TNF-α with risk of colon adenomas in a colonoscopy -based case-control study of 401 incident adenoma cases and 1,050 controls. We used multivariate unconditional logistic regression models to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for levels or genotypes (log additive models) of IL-6 and TNF-α. Results Compared to the bottom tertile of IL-6, the adjusted ORs were 1.06 (0.75 - 1.44) and 1.01 (0.72 - 1.40), respectively for the 2nd and 3rd tertiles (Ptrend = 0.10); the corresponding ORs for TNF-α were: 0.85 (0.63 - 1.15) and 1.01 (0.75 - 1.36), respectively (Ptrend = 0.39). Race-stratified analyses did not reveal any significant associations. There were also no statistically significant associations between IL-6 and TNF-α SNPs and colon adenoma. Conclusions Our results do not support pre-diagnostic levels of IL-6, TNF-α or their genetic variants as significant risk factors for the development of colon adenoma.
Modern languages in the primary curriculum: are we creating conditions for success?

As the 2010 deadline for implementation of the National Languages Strategy in primary schools approaches, how effective is the current national strategy likely to be in embedding modern languages successfully into the primary curriculum? Have lessons been learnt from the last – and ultimately failed – attempt to introduce languages into the curriculum, or are we merely repeating the same flawed process? This paper reports on how four primary schools in the north of England are responding to the challenges of integrating modern languages into the curriculum and asks whether appropriate conditions are being established to ensure a successful and sustainable implementation of the primary languages entitlement.
Natural history of gambling problems: Results from a general population survey

Naturlicher Verlauf von problematischem Glucksspiel: Ergebnisse einer Allgemeinbevolkerungsstudie Fragestellung: Die Studie untersucht Grunde fur eine Verhaltensanderung in einer Stichprobe fruherer problematischer Glucksspieler. Methodik: In Ontario, Kanada, wurde an einer Zufallsstichprobe von 8.467 Erwachsenen eine telefonische Erhebung durchgefuhrt. Von den 450 Teilnehmern, die fruher, nicht aber in den letzten 12 Monaten glucksspielbezogene Probleme hatten (n=450) wurden 130 Personen identifiziert, die sich an eine Zeitspanne erinnern konnten, in der sie mehr gespielt haben als aktuell und damals keine Therapie oder eine Selbsthilfegruppe in Anspruch genommen haben. Sie wurden nach den Grunden fur das Aufhoren oder weniger Spielen und zu ihren Ausstiegsstrategien befragt. Ergebnisse: Haufige Grunde waren Veranderungen im Leben durch Reifung (Umzug, Arbeitsplatz, Heirat) oder eine kognitive Neubewertung des Spielens. Spieler mit schwereren Problemen nannten haufiger Anderungsgrunde, di.
Neuronal Interferon Signaling Is Required for Protection against Herpes Simplex Virus Replication and Pathogenesis

Interferon (IFN) responses are critical for controlling herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1). The importance of neuronal IFN signaling in controlling acute and latent HSV-1 infection remains unclear. Compartmentalized neuron cultures revealed that mature sensory neurons respond to IFNβ at both the axon and cell body through distinct mechanisms, resulting in control of HSV-1. Mice specifically lacking neural IFN signaling succumbed rapidly to HSV-1 corneal infection, demonstrating that IFN responses of the immune system and non-neuronal tissues are insufficient to confer survival following virus challenge. Furthermore, neurovirulence was restored to an HSV strain lacking the IFN-modulating gene, γ34. 5, despite its expected attenuation in peripheral tissues. These studies define a crucial role for neuronal IFN signaling for protection against HSV-1 pathogenesis and replication, and they provide a novel framework to enhance our understanding of the interface between host innate immunity and neurotropic pathogens.
Tone Profiles following Short Chord Progressions: Top-down or Bottom-up?

Three experiments explored the relationship between chroma-salience profiles of individual chords and tone profiles obtained after short chord progressions. Musicians9 tone profiles for diatonic progressions of one, two, and three chords were compared with predictions of three models: a bottom- up stimulus model (number of times each chroma occurs in the progression), a top-down or schema-driven key model (best-fitting key profile of C. L. Krumhansl & E. J. Kessler, 1982), and an intermediate pitch model that includes both top-down and bottom-up components (cumulative pitch salience; R. Parncutt, 1989, 1993). For single chords, all predictors significantly matched tone profiles, except the key model applied to the diminished triad. For pairs of chords, the pitch and key models consistently outperformed the stimulus model, consistent with the assumption that a (top- down) key had been established; in the pitch model, the second chord influenced the tone profile more than the first (recency effect). Progressions of three chords comprised forward (e. g., FG-C) and backward (C-G-F) cadences in major and minor keys. The pitch and key models were successful for all progressions, but the key model predicted the tonic of backward cadences in C major and minor to be F. Predictions of the stimulus model were clearly worse than those of the other models, especially for backward cadences. Both primacy and recency effects were observed. In summary, the pitch model was the most consistently successful model over all experiments. To successfully predict tone profiles following chord progressions, it was necessary to account not only for recency (and primacy) but also for variations in pitch salience within chords. Results are consistent with a model of tonality induction in which bottom-up processes interact in real time with top-down processes of two kinds: recognition of harmonic pitch patterns and recognition of key profiles.
Latina/O Students' Needs

To better understand Latina/o students' needs in a predominantly White institution of higher education with low Latina/o retention rates, semistructured interviews were completed with 30 Latina/o students. The themes that emerged through qualitative analysis of the interviews were: linguistic and financial barriers; a need for unity; availability of resources; sources of support; and educating ourselves and others about Latinas/os. Recommendations for enhancing the Latina/o student experience include activities to engage Latinas/os in the university life, bilingual support, and extending the curriculum to address Latina/o issues. Other institutions of higher education would benefit from studying local Latina/o students' needs to gain more insight into retention and graduation issues from the perspective of the students.
Timeline index: a unified data structure for processing queries on temporal data in SAP HANA

Managing temporal data is becoming increasingly important for many applications. Several database systems already support the time dimension, but provide only few temporal operators, which also often exhibit poor performance characteristics. On the academic side, a large number of algorithms and data structures have been proposed, but they often address a subset of these temporal operators only. In this paper, we develop the Timeline Index as a novel, unified data structure that efficiently supports temporal operators such as temporal aggregation, time travel, and temporal joins. As the Timeline Index is independent of the physical order of the data, it provides flexibility in physical design; e.g., it supports any kind of compression scheme, which is crucial for main memory column stores. Our experiments show that the Timeline Index has predictable performance and beats state-of-the-art approaches significantly, sometimes by orders of magnitude.
Yeast Nej1 Is a Key Participant in the Initial End Binding and Final Ligation Steps of Nonhomologous End Joining*

In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the key components of the nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) pathway that repairs DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are yeast Ku (yKu), Mre11-Rad50-Xrs2, Dnl4-Lif1, and Nej1. Here, we examined the role of Nej1 in NHEJ by a combination of molecular genetic and biochemical approaches. As expected, the recruitment of Nej1 to in vivo DSBs is dependent upon yKu. Surprisingly, Nej1 is required for the stable binding of yKu to in vivo DSBs, in addition to Dnl4-Lif1. Thus, Nej1 and Dnl4-Lif1 are independently recruited by yKu to in vivo DSBs, forming a stable ternary complex that channels DSBs into the NHEJ pathway. In accord with these results, purified Nej1 interacts with yKu and preferentially binds to DNA ends bound by yKu. Furthermore, the binding of a mixture of Nej1 and Dnl4-Lif1 to DNA ends bound by yKu is greater than the sum of the binding of the individual proteins, indicating that pairwise interactions among yKu, Nej1, and Dnl4-Lif1 contribute to complex assembly at DNA ends. Nej1 stimulates intermolecular ligation by Dnl4-Lif1, but, more interestingly, the addition of Nej1 results in more than one intermolecular ligation per Dnl4 molecule. Thus, Nej1 not only plays an important role in determining repair pathway choice by participating in the initial NHEJ complex formed at DSBs but also contributes to the reactivation of Dnl4-Lif1 after repair is complete, thereby increasing the capacity of the NHEJ repair pathway.
An overview of quality of service routing for next-generation high-speed networks: problems and solutions

The upcoming gigabit-per-second high-speed networks are expected to support a wide range of communication-intensive real-time multimedia applications. The requirement for timely delivery of digitized audio-visual information raises new challenges for next-generation integrated services broadband networks. One of the key issues is QoS routing. It selects network routes with sufficient resources for the requested QoS parameters. The goal of routing solutions is twofold: (1) satisfying the QoS requirements for every admitted connection, and (2) achieving global efficiency in resource utilization. Many unicast/multicast QoS routing algorithms have been published, and they work with a variety of QoS requirements and resource constraints. Overall, they can be partitioned into three broad classes: (1) source routing, (2) distributed routing, and (3) hierarchical routing algorithms. We give an overview of the QoS routing problem as well as the existing solutions. We present the strengths and weaknesses of different routing strategies, and outline the challenges. We also discuss the basic algorithms in each class, classify and compare them, and point out possible future directions in the QoS routing area.
An Empirical Study of the Drivers of Consumer Acceptance of Mobile Advertising

ABSTRACT The ubiquity of text messaging (SMS) based mobile communication creates new opportunities for marketers. However, the factors that induce consumers to accept mobile devices as an advertising medium are not yet fully understood. This paper examines the drivers of consumer acceptance of SMS-based mobile advertising. A conceptual model and hypotheses are tested with a sample of 4,062 Finnish mobile phone users. Structural equation modeling is used to test five drivers of mobile advertising acceptance: (1) utility, (2) context, (3) control, (4) sacrifice, and (5) trust. The results show that utility and context are the strongest positive drivers, while sacrifice is negatively related to the acceptance of mobile advertising. Despite the concerns about privacy, our results indicate that control and trust are not that important to consumers in mobile advertising.
Risk management and its practical application: lessons from the British Army

This study explores, using predominately qualitative data, the risk management approaches of British Army officers in operational theatre. Risks within an operational context are particularly challenging for the British Army to manage due to external constraints such as its adherence to various rules of engagement and international conventions such as the Geneva Convention that consists of treaties that clearly articulate legal protection to be accorded to both civilians and combatants during war. The British Army’s centralised and highly structured control and regulation mechanisms are the product of over 300 years of traditions. Few companies can draw on this history, but we argue that the historical successes of the British Army suggest that contemporary civilian organisations have much to learn from the military approach to risk management.
Haemostatic alterations in colorectal cancer: Perspectives for future treatment

The role of the haemostatic system in colorectal cancer (CRC) is reviewed. Correlations between the activation of the haemostatic system and overall survival have been suggested. Experimental studies indicate that the haemostatic system plays a key role in growth, invasion and dissemination of tumour cells, and in tumour related angiogenesis. Additional activation by the surgical trauma and postoperative infections are discussed. Finally, anti‐cancer modalities directed against regulation of the haemostatic system in CRC are considered. J. Surg. Oncol. 2004;88:269–275. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: Lessons Learned from Clinical, Sports, and Combat Concussions

Over the past forty years, a tremendous amount of information has been gained on the mechanisms and consequences of mild traumatic brain injuries. Using sports as a laboratory to study this phenomenon, a natural recovery curve emerged, along with standards for managing concussions and returning athletes back to play. Although advances have been made in this area, investigation into recovery and return to play continues. With the increase in combat-related traumatic brain injuries in the military setting, lessons learned from sports concussion research are being applied by the Department of Defense to the assessment of blast concussions and return to duty decision making. Concussion management and treatment for military personnel can be complicated by additional combat related stressors not present in the civilian environment. Cognitive behavioral therapy is one of the interventions that has been successful in treating symptoms of postconcussion syndrome. While we are beginning to have an understanding of the impact of multiple concussions and subconcussive blows in the sports world, much is still unknown about the impact of multiple blast injuries.
Field Comparison of Novel and Gold Standard Traps for Collecting Aedes albopictus in Northern Virginia

ABSTRACT Aedes albopictus is a potential West Nile virus bridge vector in Northern Virginia; however, information regarding its virus transmission dynamics is limited, as this species is not readily collected in existing traps. This study used 5 replicates of a 5 × 5 Latin square to evaluate the efficiency and effectiveness of 2 novel host-seeking mosquito traps (the BG-SentinelTM and the Collapsible Mosquito Trap (CMT-20TM) in collecting Ae. albopictus, relative to a carbon dioxide (CO2)–baited Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) miniature light trap. When used with CO2, the BG-Sentinel (with BG-Lure) collected 33 times more female Ae. albopictus per 24-h trapping period than did the CO2-baited CDC light trap. Without CO2, the BG-Sentinel (with BG-Lure) still collected over 6 times as many female Ae. albopictus as the CO2-baited CDC trap. Both configurations of the BG-Sentinel were significantly more effective than the other traps. The BG-Sentinel was also significantly more efficient in collecting Ae. albopictus and collected a high proportion of this species, both with CO2 and without CO2. The CMT-20 (with SkinLureTM) collected significantly more Ae. albopictus when used with CO2 than without CO2, but did not collect significantly more Ae. albopictus than the CO2-baited CDC light trap. The proportion of Ae. albopictus collected in the CMT-20 with CO2 and without CO2 did not differ significantly from the proportion of Ae. albopictus collected in the CDC trap.