Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Fission yeast Lem2 and Man1 perform fundamental functions of the animal cell nuclear lamina

In animal cells the nuclear lamina, which consists of lamins and lamin-associated proteins, serves several functions: it provides a structural scaffold for the nuclear envelope and tethers proteins and heterochromatin to the nuclear periphery. In yeast, proteins and large heterochromatic domains including telomeres are also peripherally localized, but there is no evidence that yeast have lamins or a fibrous nuclear envelope scaffold. Nonetheless, we found that the Lem2 and Man1 proteins of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, evolutionarily distant relatives of the Lap2/Emerin/Man1 (LEM) sub-family of animal cell lamin-associated proteins, perform fundamental functions of the animal cell lamina. These integral inner nuclear membrane localized proteins, with nuclear localized DNA binding Helix-Extension-Helix (HEH) domains, impact nuclear envelope structure and integrity, are essential for the enrichment of telomeres at the nuclear periphery and by means of their HEH domains anchor chromatin, most likely transcriptionally repressed heterochromatin, to the nuclear periphery. These data indicate that the core functions of the nuclear lamina are conserved between fungi and animal cells and can be performed in fission yeast, without lamins or other intermediate filament proteins.
Interactive comment on “ The 129-Iodine content of subtropical Pacific waters : impact of Fukushima and other anthropogenic 129 I sources ” by T . P

Another possibility could be a contamination with surface water during sampling. During the IAEA’97 cruise (as well as during other cruises) 129I samples were collected from Rosette bottles, 1L for 129I and 1L for 3H analyses, well closed in glass bottles. A comparison of 3H and 129I results (see e.g. Povinec et al., 2010) did not show any inconsistencies, therefore we can rule out surface water contamination problems. Another possibility, of course, could be a contamination during sample preparation and AMS analysis. All the 129I analyses (until Fukushima samples, which were analyzed by the Tucson and Vienna AMS laboratories, for which targets were prepared by Riso lab) were done by the Isotrace laboratory of the Toronto University, which did not have any contamination problems, regularly checking for blank samples, and participating in intercomparisons. The background 129I levels were 1-2 orders of magnitude lower than the measured bottom water samples.
Factors associated to smoking habit among older adults (The Bambuí Health and Aging Study).

OBJECTIVE To describe the characteristics and associated factors of the smoking habit among older adults. METHODS A population-based study was carried out comprising 1,606 (92.2%) older adults (> or =60 years old) living in the Bambuí town, Southeastern Brazil in 1997. Data was obtained by means of interview and socio-demographic factors, health status, physical functioning, use of healthcare services and medication were considered. The multiple multinomial logistic regression was used to assess independent associations between smoking habits (current and former smokers) and the exploratory variables. RESULTS The prevalence of current and past smoking was 31.4% and 40.2% among men, and 10.3% and 11.2% among women, respectively (p<0.001). Among current smokers, men consumed a larger number of cigarettes per day and started the habit earlier than women. Among men, current smoking presented independent and negative association with age (> or =80 years) and schooling (> or =8 years) and positive association with poor health perception and not being married. Among women, independent and negative associations with current smoking were observed for age (75-79 and > or =80 years) and schooling (4-7 and > or =8 years). CONCLUSIONS Smoking was a public health concern among older adults in the studied community, particularly for men. Yet, in a low schooling population, a slightly higher level was a protective factor against smoking for both men and women. Programs for reducing smoking in the elderly population should take these findings into consideration.
Asymptotic analysis of iterative channel estimation and multiuser detection with soft feedback in multipath channels

Large system analysis of a randomly spread direct-sequence code-division multiple-access system in a frequency-selective channel is considered. The receiver uses iterative channel estimation and multiuser detection (MUD) with soft feedback from single-user decoders to refine both the decisions of the linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) MUD, and the initial pilot-based estimates of the LMMSE channel estimator. Replica method, a tool from statistical physics, and density evolution with Gaussian approximation are used to obtain the asymptotic performance of the LMMSE MUD with soft parallel interference cancellation. The results indicate that as the channel coherence time grows, the performance of corresponding single-user system having perfect channel state information can be approached even in an overloaded multiuser system using channel estimation and vanishing pilot overhead.
The genome of Hyperthermus butylicus: a sulfur-reducing, peptide fermenting, neutrophilic Crenarchaeote growing up to 108 °C

Hyperthermus butylicus, a hyperthermophilic neutrophile and anaerobe, is a member of the archaeal kingdom Crenarchaeota. Its genome consists of a single circular chromosome of 1,667,163 bp with a 53.7% G+C content. A total of 1672 genes were annotated, of which 1602 are protein-coding, and up to a third are specific to H. butylicus. In contrast to some other crenarchaeal genomes, a high level of GUG and UUG start codons are predicted. Two cdc6 genes are present, but neither could be linked unambiguously to an origin of replication. Many of the predicted metabolic gene products are associated with the fermentation of peptide mixtures including several peptidases with diverse specificities, and there are many encoded transporters. Most of the sulfur-reducing enzymes, hydrogenases and electron-transfer proteins were identified which are associated with energy production by reducing sulfur to H2S. Two large clusters of regularly interspaced repeats (CRISPRs) are present, one of which is associated with a crenarchaeal-type cas gene superoperon; none of the spacer sequences yielded good sequence matches with known archaeal chromosomal elements. The genome carries no detectable transposable or integrated elements, no inteins, and introns are exclusive to tRNA genes. This suggests that the genome structure is quite stable, possibly reflecting a constant, and relatively uncompetitive, natural environment.
Men's and Women's Gender-Role Attitudes across the Transition to Parenthood: Accounting for Child's Gender

Abstract:Gender-role attitudes capture individuals' degree of support for traditional divisions of paid and domestic work and have been linked to the production and reproduction of gender inequality in different social spheres. Previous research has established that life-course transitions are related to within-individual over-time change in gender-role attitudes. Most importantly, becoming a parent is associated with shifts toward more traditional viewpoints. Theories of attitude change suggest that the gender of children should influence the pattern of gender-attitude shifts that accompany parenthood, but very few studies have investigated this. We add to this literature using Australian panel data from the Household, Income, and Labour Dynamics in Australia Survey (n = 29,918 observations) stretching over 15 years and fixed-effects panel regression models. We find that men's and women's gender-role attitudes become more traditional when they become parents, with evidence that this process is more pronounced among men, parents of daughters and, most of all, male parents of daughters.
Insights into the architecture and stoichiometry of Escherichia coli PepA•DNA complexes involved in transcriptional control and site-specific DNA recombination by atomic force microscopy

Multifunctional Aminopeptidase A (PepA) from Escherichia coli is involved in the control of two distinct DNA transaction processes: transcriptional repression of the carAB operon, encoding carbamoyl phosphate synthase and site-specific resolution of ColE1-type plasmid multimers. Both processes require communication at a distance along a DNA molecule and PepA is the major structural component of the nucleoprotein complexes that underlie this communication. Atomic Force Microscopy was used to analyze the architecture of PepA·carAB and PepA·cer site complexes. Contour length measurements, bending angle analyses and volume determinations demonstrate that the carP1 operator is foreshortened by ∼235 bp through wrapping around one PepA hexamer. The highly deformed part of the operator extends from slightly upstream of the –35 hexamer of the carP1 promoter to just downstream of the IHF-binding site, and comprises the binding sites for the PurR and RutR transcriptional regulators. This extreme remodeling of the carP1 control region provides a straightforward explanation for the strict requirement of PepA in the establishment of pyrimidine and purine-specific repression of carAB transcription. We further provide a direct physical proof that PepA is able to synapse two cer sites in direct repeat in a large interwrapped nucleoprotein complex, likely comprising two PepA hexamers.
N-detection under transparent-scan

We study the quality of test sequences under a test application scheme called transparent-scan as n-detection test sequences. We obtain transparent-scan sequences from combinational test sets. We show that for the same number of clock cycles required to apply a compact single-detection combinational test set, a transparent-scan sequence detects faults more times than the combinational test set. We note that a transparent-scan sequence based on a combinational test set contains unspecified values. We consider several procedures for specifying the unspecified values of the transparent-scan sequence, and study their effects. We also study the extension of a transparent-scan test sequence into an n-detection test sequence that detects every target fault at least n times.
Accurate and efficient determination of the shoreline in ERS-1 SAR images

Extraction of the shoreline in SAR images is a difficult task to perform using simple image processing operations such as grey-value thresholding, due to the presence of speckle and because the signal returned from the sea surface may be similar to that from the land. A semiautomatic method for detecting the shoreline accurately and efficiently in ERS-1 SAR images is presented. This is aimed primarily at a particular application, namely the construction of a digital elevation model of an intertidal zone using SAR images and hydrodynamic model output, but could be carried over to other applications. A coarse-fine resolution processing approach is employed, in which sea regions are first detected as regions of low edge density in a low resolution image, then image areas near the shoreline are subjected to more elaborate processing at high resolution using an active contour model. Over 90% of the shoreline detected by the automatic delineation process appear visually correct.
Increasing Prevalence of Gestational Diabetes and Pregnancy-Related Hypertension in Los Angeles County, California, 1991–2003

Introduction Gestational diabetes and pregnancy-related hypertension can lead to adverse health effects in mothers and infants. We assessed recent trends in the rates of these conditions in Los Angeles County, California. Methods Hospital discharge data were used to identify all women aged 15–54 years who resided in the county, had a singleton delivery from 1991 through 2003, and had gestational diabetes or pregnancy-related hypertension listed as a discharge diagnosis at the time of delivery. The prevalence of each condition was calculated by calendar year, race/ethnicity, and age group. Temporal trends in the rates were assessed by using negative binomial regression models, controlling for race/ethnicity and age. Separate models were run for each racial/ethnic and age group. Results The age-adjusted prevalence of gestational diabetes increased more than threefold (from 14.5 cases per 1000 women in 1991 to 47.9 cases per 1000 in 2003). The age-adjusted prevalence of pregnancy-related hypertension also increased (from 40.5 cases per 1000 in 1991 to 54.4 cases per 1000 in 2003). In the multivariable regression analysis, the annual rate increase for gestational diabetes was 8.3% overall and was highest among Hispanics (9.9%). The annual rate increase for pregnancy-related hypertension was 2.8% overall and was highest among blacks (4.8%). Conclusion The rates of gestational diabetes and pregnancy-related hypertension are increasing in Los Angeles County. Further research is needed to determine the causes of the observed increases and the growing racial/ethnic disparities in those rates.
Research report Do 'clumsy' children have visual deficits

Visual processing by 10-year-old children diagnosed on the basis of standardised tests as having developmental ‘clumsiness’ syndrome, and by a control group of children without motor difficulties, was tested using three different psychophysical tasks. The tasks comprised a measure of global motion processing using a dynamic random dot kinematogram, a measure of static global pattern processing where the position of the target was randomised, and a measure of static global pattern processing in which the target position was fixed. The most striking finding was that the group of clumsy children, who were diagnosed solely on the basis of their motor difficulties, were significantly less sensitive than the control group on all three tasks of visual sensitivity. Clumsy children may have impaired visual sensitivity in both the dorsal and ventral streams in addition to their obvious problems with motor control. These results support the existence of generalised visual anomalies associated with impairments of cerebellar function. # 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Evaluasi Kegiatan Utama Pelayanan Posyandu Di Kecamatan Jatinangor

Posyandu adalah Pos Pelayanan Terpadu yang merupakan bentuk peran serta masyarakat dalam bidang kesehatan yang dibentuk oleh dan untuk masyarakat itu sendiri. Pelayanan Posyandu dilaksanakan kader dan saat ini seluruh desa di wilayah Provinsi Jawa Barat telah memiliki kader kesehatan, hanya saja dalam pelaksanaannya masih terdapat kegiatan utama pelayanan Posyandu yang tidak dilaksanakan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui gambaran kegiatan utama pelayanan di Posyandu Kecamatan Jatinangor. Metode Penelitian ini menggunakan metode obsevasional bersifat kuantitif dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Penelitian dilaksanakan di Posyandu pada tanggal 05 Agustus - 20 Agustus 2016. Pengumpulan data dlakukan dengan menggunakan daftar tilik dan teknik consecutive sampling yang berjumlah 14 Posyandu dari 10 Desa di kecamatan Jatinangor dan menggunakan analisis Univariat. hasil penelitian ini menunjukan 15,9% ibu hamil yang periksa mendapatkan pelayanan yang dibutuhkan, 27,8% pelayanan yang dibutuhkan, konseling akseptor KB dilaksanakan dan 0.31% pemberian oralit yang dilaksanakan. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah kegiatan utama pelayanan Posyandu masih belum terlaksana dengan baik, sehingga masih perlu evaluasi dan tindak lanjut secara berkala terhadap kegiatan utama yang telah dikerjakan di posyandu. Kata Kunci : Kegiatan utama, Pelayanan, Posyandu
Modulation of sensory suppression: implications for receptive field sizes in the human visual cortex.

Neurophysiological studies in monkeys show that when multiple visual stimuli appear simultaneously in the visual field, they are not processed independently, but rather interact in a mutually suppressive way. This suggests that multiple stimuli compete for neural representation. Consistent with this notion, we have previously found in humans that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signals in V1 and ventral extrastriate areas V2, V4, and TEO are smaller for simultaneously presented (i.e., competing) stimuli than for the same stimuli presented sequentially (i.e., not competing). Here we report that suppressive interactions between stimuli are also present in dorsal extrastriate areas V3A and MT, and we compare these interactions to those in areas V1 through TEO. To exclude the possibility that the differences in responses to simultaneously and sequentially presented stimuli were due to differences in the number of transient onsets, we tested for suppressive interactions in area V4, in an experiment that held constant the number of transient onsets. We found that the fMRI response to a stimulus in the upper visual field was suppressed by the presence of nearby stimuli in the lower visual field. Further, we excluded the possibility that the greater fMRI responses to sequential compared with simultaneous presentations were due to exogeneous attentional cueing by having our subjects count T's or L's at fixation, an attentionally demanding task. Behavioral testing demonstrated that neither condition interfered with performance of the T/L task. Our previous findings suggested that suppressive interactions among nearby stimuli in areas V1 through TEO were scaled to the receptive field (RF) sizes of neurons in those areas. Here we tested this idea by parametrically varying the spatial separation among stimuli in the display. Display sizes ranged from 2 x 2 degrees to 7 x 7 degrees and were centered at 5.5 degrees eccentricity. Based on the effects of display size on the magnitude of suppressive interactions, we estimated that RF sizes at an eccentricity of 5.5 degrees were <2 degrees in V1, 2-4 degrees in V2, 4-6 degrees in V4, larger than 7 degrees (but still confined to a quadrant) in TEO, and larger than 6 degrees (confined to a quadrant) in V3A. These estimates of RF sizes in human visual cortex are strikingly similar to those measured in physiological mapping studies in the homologous visual areas in monkeys.
Efficient kinodynamic trajectory generation for wheeled robots

Planning dynamic motion is computationally demanding and thus can hardly be done in real-time onboard robots. In this paper, we present an analytic approximation to predict the dynamic state of wheeled robots with non-holonomic constraints, given a start state and a sequence of piecewise constant controls. Our approximations are accurate and fast to calculate. They can be used to replace numerical integrators in kinodynamic planning algorithms. The predictions are differentiable and allow us to utilize gradient descent methods to solve the inverse dynamics as well and generate trajectories connecting arbitrary points in state space.
Long-Term Behavioral Programming Induced by Peripuberty Stress in Rats Is Accompanied by GABAergic-Related Alterations in the Amygdala

Stress during childhood and adolescence is a risk factor for psychopathology. Alterations in γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, have been found following stress exposure and fear experiences and are often implicated in anxiety and mood disorders. Abnormal amygdala functioning has also been detected following stress exposure and is also implicated in anxiety and social disorders. However, the amygdala is not a unitary structure; it includes several nuclei with different functions and little is known on the potential differences the impact of early life stress may have on this system within different amygdaloid nuclei. We aimed here to evaluate potential regional differences in the expression of GABAergic-related markers across several amygdaloid nuclei in adult rats subjected to a peripuberty stress protocol that leads to enhanced basal amygdala activity and psychopathological behaviors. More specifically, we investigated the protein expression levels of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD; the principal synthesizing enzyme of GABA) and of GABA-A receptor subunits α2 and α3. We found reduced GAD and GABA-A α3, but not α2, subunit protein levels throughout all the amygdala nuclei examined (lateral, basolateral, basomedial, medial and central) and increased anxiety-like behaviors and reduced sociability in peripubertally stressed animals. Our results identify an enduring inhibition of the GABAergic system across the amygdala following exposure to early adversity. They also highlight the suitability of the peripuberty stress model to investigate the link between treatments targeting the dysfunctional GABAergic system in specific amygdala nuclei and recovery of specific stress-induced behavioral dysfunctions.
Observing the Mediterranean Sea from space: 21 years of Pathfinder-AVHRR sea surface temperatures (1985 to 2005): re-analysis and validation

Abstract. The time series of satellite infrared AVHRR data from 1985 to 2005 has been used to produce a daily series of optimally interpolated SST maps over the regular grid of the operational MFSTEP OGCM model of the Mediterranean basin. A complete validation of this OISST (Optimally Interpolated Sea Surface Temperature) product with in situ measurements has been performed in order to exclude any possibility of spurious trends due to instrumental calibration errors/shifts or algorithms malfunctioning related to local geophysical factors. The validation showed that satellite OISST is able to reproduce in situ measurements with a mean bias of less than 0.1 K and RMSE of about 0.5 K and that errors do not drift with time or with the percent interpolation error.
How ambidextrous organizational culture affects job performance: A multilevel study of the mediating effect of psychological capital

Abstract Ambidexterity organization, which is defined as the ability of an organization to simultaneously pursues exploration and exploitation, has received attention by researchers who have examined its beneficial effect on organizational performance and success. This study attempted to examine the positive effect of ambidextrous organization culture (AOC), which is regarded as the core characteristic of ambidextrous organizations by using a multilevel model. Specifically, this study examined the effects of AOC on members’ job performance and the mediating role of psychological capital in the relationship between AOC and job performance. The results indicated that AOC had a significantly positive relationship with job performance even after controlling various organizational and individual variables. Moreover, we found that psychological capital fully mediated the relationship between AOC and members’ job performance. This study provides theoretical contributions by empirically examining the positive effect and mechanism of AOC. Furthermore, this study offers practical implications in how practitioners can manage their organizational culture, by helping shape the direction of organizational culture management.
Between a bug and a hard place: Trypanosoma cruzi genetic diversity and the clinical outcomes of Chagas disease

Over the last 30 years, concomitant with successful transnational disease control programs across Latin America, Chagas disease has expanded from a neglected, endemic parasitic infection of the rural poor to an urbanized chronic disease, and now a potentially emergent global health problem. Trypanosoma cruzi infection has a highly variable clinical course, ranging from complete absence of symptoms to severe and often fatal cardiovascular and/or gastrointestinal manifestations. To date, few correlates of clinical disease progression have been identified. Elucidating a putative role for T. cruzi strain diversity in Chagas disease pathogenesis is complicated by the scarcity of parasites in clinical specimens and the limitations of our contemporary genotyping techniques. This article systematically reviews the historical literature, given our current understanding of parasite genetic diversity, to evaluate the evidence for any association between T. cruzi genotype and chronic clinical outcome, risk of congenital transmission or reactivation and orally transmitted outbreaks.