Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sucrose Synthase Is Associated with the Cell Wall of Tobacco Pollen Tubes1[W]

Sucrose synthase (Sus; EC 2.4.1.13) is a key enzyme of sucrose metabolism in plant cells, providing carbon for respiration and for the synthesis of cell wall polymers and starch. Since Sus is important for plant cell growth, insights into its structure, localization, and features are useful for defining the relationships between nutrients, growth, and cell morphogenesis. We used the pollen tube of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) as a cell model to characterize the main features of Sus with regard to cell growth and cell wall synthesis. Apart from its role during sexual reproduction, the pollen tube is a typical tip-growing cell, and the proper construction of its cell wall is essential for correct shaping and direction of growth. The outer cell wall layer of pollen tubes consists of pectins, but the inner layer is composed of cellulose and callose; both polymers require metabolic precursors in the form of UDP-glucose, which is synthesized by Sus. We identified an 88-kD polypeptide in the soluble, plasma membrane and Golgi fraction of pollen tubes. The protein was also found in association with the cell wall. After purification, the protein showed an enzyme activity similar to that of maize (Zea mays) Sus. Distribution of Sus was affected by brefeldin A and depended on the nutrition status of the pollen tube, because an absence of metabolic sugars in the growth medium caused Sus to distribute differently during tube elongation. Analysis by bidimensional electrophoresis indicated that Sus exists as two isoforms, one of which is phosphorylated and more abundant in the cytoplasm and cell wall and the other of which is not phosphorylated and is specific to the plasma membrane. Results indicate that the protein has a role in the construction of the extracellular matrix and thus in the morphogenesis of pollen tubes.
The impact of child, family, and professional support characteristics on the quality of life in families of young children with disabilities

Abstract Background Families of young children with disabilities are faced with ongoing challenges that impact various aspects of family life. Given the increasing emphasis on promoting positive outcomes in these families, the overall aim of the current study was to examine the contribution of child, family, and support characteristics to the quality of life in families of young children with disabilities. Method The sample was recruited from several early childhood intervention programs within metropolitan Melbourne, Australia, and consisted of 64 families of children aged between 3 and 5 years with a developmental delay or disability. Results As a whole, parental perceptions and experiences of family-centred professional support was one of the strongest predictors of family quality of life. The perceived intensity of child behavioural problems as well as support from extended family members also accounted for a significant proportion of unique variance in predicting quality of family life. Conclusion The current findings provide further evidence for the importance of a family-focused approach to intervention that acknowledges and provides support that is tailored to the unique needs of each individual family. The practical implications of these results as well as directions for future research are discussed.
Cashew apple juice as microbial cultivation medium for non-immunogenic hyaluronic acid production

In this work, natural cashew apple juice was used as cultivation medium as an alternative to substitute brain heart infusion medium. The effect of aeration and juice supplementation with yeast extract on the production of hyaluronic acid in batch fermentation was also investigated. Similar levels of cell mass were obtained in inoculum using cashew apple juice supplemented with yeast extract or the conventional brain heart infusion medium. Fermentation in Erlenmeyer flasks produced low biomass and hyaluronic acid concentrations. The hyaluronic acid concentration and viscosity increased from 0.15 g/L and 3.87 cP (no aeration or medium supplementation) to 1.76 g/L and 107 cP, when aeration (2 vvm) and 60 g/L of yeast extract were used. The results suggest the production of low-molecular weight hyaluronic acid oligomers instead of the high molecular weight polymer.
Variable Use of Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Exception Points in Patients With Neuroendocrine Tumors Metastatic to the Liver and Its Impact on Patient Outcomes

Background The role of liver transplantation in management of patients with metastatic neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) is controversial. Because many such patients have low waitlist priority, centers may apply for model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) exception points to increase likelihood of receiving a liver transplant. No formal criteria exist for application or receipt of exception points for this indication. Few studies have assessed waitlist and posttransplantation outcomes in patients with metastatic NETs, and none examined the impact of exception points. Methods We analyzed all adult patients waitlisted for liver transplantation for metastatic NETs between February 27, 2002, and June 4, 2014, and fit a multivariable model to evaluate the association between exception point status and posttransplantation outcomes. Results There was variable use of MELD exception points across the United Network for Organ Sharing regions. Patients with an approved MELD exception were nearly twice as likely to be transplanted as those without exceptions (70.8% vs 39.1%, P < 0.001), and half as likely to be removed for death or clinical deterioration (9.2% vs 18.2%, P = 0.046). In multivariable models, posttransplantation survival was not associated with receipt of exception points, whereas risk of posttransplant mortality increased significantly with elevated serum total bilirubin level at transplantation. The 3-year posttransplant patient survival was 78% in transplant recipients with metastatic NETs whose total bilirubin level at transplantation was 1.3 mg/dL or less, compared to 36% in those with total bilirubin greater than 1.3 mg/dL. Conclusions Serum total bilirubin may serve as a predictor of poor posttransplant survival in patients with metastatic NETs and could help risk-stratify patients applying for MELD exception points.
Defense mechanisms and negotiation as predictors of co-parenting among divorcing couples

This study examined the individual and joint relationships of mature and immature defense mechanisms and the use of negotiation as a conflict resolution strategy with the co-parenting of divorcing couples. The responses of 71 divorcing couples to the study questionnaires were analyzed using the Actor–Partner Interdependence Model. Findings showed that both conscious use of negotiation and unconscious use of mature defense mechanisms for the purpose of conflict resolution were associated with the co-parenting of those parents who possessed these qualities, and that where one parent used mature defense mechanisms, the other participated more in his or her children’s lives and showed more cooperation. Almost all actor effects were forms of increased participation in the children’s lives. The lack of partner effects in the case of immature defense mechanisms and positive use of negotiation was discussed, and clinical implications were presented.
Review: Disruption of the Postsynaptic Density in Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Neurodegenerative Dementias

The most common causes of neurodegenerative dementia include Alzheimer’s disease (AD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). We believe that, in all 3, aggregates of pathogenic proteins are pathological substrates which are associated with a loss of synaptic function/plasticity. The synaptic plasticity relies on the normal integration of glutamate receptors at the postsynaptic density (PSD). The PSD organizes synaptic proteins to mediate the functional and structural plasticity of the excitatory synapse and to maintain synaptic homeostasis. Here, we will discuss the relevant disruption of the protein network at the PSD in these dementias and the accumulation of the pathological changes at the PSD years before clinical symptoms. We suggest that the functional and structural plasticity changes of the PSD may contribute to the loss of molecular homeostasis within the synapse (and contribute to early symptoms) in these dementias.
Proliferative glomerulonephritis secondary to dysfunction of the alternative pathway of complement.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES dense deposit disease (DDD) is the prototypical membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), in which fluid-phase dysregulation of the alternative pathway (AP) of complement results in the accumulation of complement debris in the glomeruli, often producing an MPGN pattern of injury in the absence of immune complexes. A recently described entity referred to as GN with C3 deposition (GN-C3) bears many similarities to DDD. The purpose of this study was to evaluate AP function in cases of GN-C3. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Five recent cases of MPGN with extensive C3 deposition were studied. Renal biopsy in one case exhibited the classic findings of DDD. Three cases showed GN-C3 in the absence of significant Ig deposition; however, the classic hallmark of DDD-dense deposits along the glomerular basement membranes and mesangium-was absent. The remaining case exhibited features of both DDD and GN-C3. RESULTS Evidence of AP activation was demonstrable in all cases and included increased levels of soluble membrane attack complex (all cases), positive AP functional assays (four cases), and a positive hemolytic assay (one case). Autoantibodies were found to C3 convertase (two cases) and to factor H (one case). Factor H mutation screening identified the H402 allele (all cases) and a c.C2867T p.T956M missence mutation (one case). Laser microdissection and mass spectrometry of glomeruli of GN-C3 (two cases) showed a proteomic profile very similar to DDD. CONCLUSIONS These studies implicate AP dysregulation in a spectrum of rare renal diseases that includes GN-C3 and DDD.
Aripiprazole as a treatment option for clozapine-induced enuresis

1. Roy V. Time to sensitize medical graduates to the Indian systems of medicine and Homeopathy. Indian J Pharmacol 2015;47:1-3. 2. Tu Y. The discovery of artemisinin (qinghaosu) and gifts from Chinese medicine. Nat Med 2011;17:1217-20. 3. Deivanayagam CN, Krishnarajasekhar OR, Ravichandran N. Evaluation of Siddha medicare in HIV disease. J Assoc Physicians India 2001;49:390-1. 4. Xie ZF. Harmonization of traditional and modern medicine. In: Roy Chaudhury R, Rafei UM, editors. Traditional Medicine in Asia. New Delhi: WHO Regional Office for South-East Asia; 2002. p. 115-34. 5. Lavekar GS, Padhi MM, editors. Management of Chikungunya Through Ayurveda and Siddha – A Technical Report. New Delhi: Central Council for Research in Ayurveda and Siddha; 2009. 6. Anbarasu K, Manisenthil KK, Ramachandran S. Antipyretic, anti‐inflammatory and analgesic properties of nilavembu kudineer choornam: A classical preparation used in the treatment of chikungunya fever. Asian Pac J Trop Med 2011;4:819-23. 7. Yoon WS, Kim CY, Yang DS, Park YJ, Park W, Ahn YC, et al. Protective effect of triphala on radiation induced acute intestinal mucosal damage in Sprague Dawley rats. Indian J Exp Biol 2012;50:195-200. 8. Chakraborty B, Nath A, Saikia H, Sengupta M. Bactericidal activity of selected Access this article online
KNOWLEDGE RECOMBINATION ON THE INFORMATIONAL ADAPTABILITY OF CELLS, NERVOUS SYSTEMS, AND SOCIETIES

New abstractions and new procedures for abstraction are needed in information science. Some of them should concern the nature and function of knowledge regarding the adaptability of complex, informational entities. Knowledge "in action" manifests itself as an improved adaptability of the informational entity to its environment, and as a redirection and enlargement of its self-construction processes. If taken beyond its usual anthropocentric conception, knowledge not only underlies the guidance of human actions and perceptions within appropriately restricted cognitive settings (or disciplinary fields), it also orientates -among others- the biomolecular happenstances of cells, and the processual workings of individual nervous systems. And it does so, as will be argued here, by incurring in a peculiar dynamics of similar recombination processes performed upon heterogeneous repositories of very different physical nature, which factually increase the cognizing reach of the concerned informational entity and leverage the conquest of further adaptability niches and complexity developments. Actually the growth of informational complexity of cells, nervous systems, and societies along their respective evolutionary, ontogenetic, and historical trajectories has been based on the cumulative consequences of knowledge recombination phenomena. However, the recognition of this commonality has been obscured, among other causes, by the structural and dynamic heterogeneity of repositories in the different informational entities, and by being subject of quite separated scientific disciplines: molecular and evolutionary biology, cognitive neurodynamics, philosophy of science/"geography" of science. In the extent to which such commonalities may be elucidated from a new vantage point, it would help in the development of information science itself, as well as in the pragmatics of education, in the social organization of science, and in the research effort of contemporary societies. Finally, the new term of "scientomics" is proposed in order to capture the knowledge combinatory processes and disciplinary mixings within the sciences.
Relationship Between Collegiate Athletes' Psychological Characteristics and Their Preferences for Different Types of Coaching Behavior

This study was based on Chelladurai’s (1978, 2001, 2007) Multidimensional Model of Leadership and was designed to determine whether athletes’ preferred coaching behavior would vary as a function of their psychological characteristics. Study participants (N = 195 collegiate athletes) completed questionnaires to assess their sport anxiety (SAS), motivational orientation (SMS), as well as their preferred coaching styles (LSS) and feedback patterns (CFQ). Canonical correlation procedures revealed that athletes who were high in self-determined forms of motivation and in somatic trait anxiety preferred coaches who exhibited a democratic leadership style and who provided high amounts of training, social support, and positive and informational feedback while athletes who were high in amotivation indicated a preference for coaches who exhibited an autocratic style and who provided high amounts of punishment-oriented feedback. In addition, high cognitive sport anxiety was linked to greater preference for high frequ.
Optical scattering properties of phytoplankton: Measurements and comparison of various species at scattering angles between 1° and 170°

We describe the results of a laboratory scattering experiment performed to investigate differences in the optical scattering properties between five common phytoplankton species (Dunaliella tertiolecta, Isochrysis galbana, Nanochloropsis, Skeletonema costatum, and Thalassiosira weissflogii). Data sets were taken at scattering angles 1° to 170° at incident polarizations parallel and perpendicular to the scattering plane. Differences between the species were especially apparent in the slopes at near‐forward (1°‐10°) angles and the enhanced scattering at nearbackward (150°‐165°) angles. There were also notable differences observed between the depolarization ratios, especially at scattering angles between 70° and 110°. The data are shown to be not only helpful in differentiating several species from each other, but also in separating the phytoplankton from bubble/hydrosol contributions to the ocean's inherent optical properties. The results presented here motivate the development of in situ large‐angle polarimetric scatterometers and associated retrieval algorithms.
Single Layer Centrifugation with Androcoll-P Can Be Scaled-Up to Process Larger Volumes of Boar Semen

The objective of this study was to scale-up the procedure for Single Layer Centrifugation (SLC) through AndrocollTM-P, as a preliminary step towords processing the whole ejaculate. The first experiment compared Single Layer Centrifugation using 4.5 mL and 15 mL extended ejaculate (SLC-4.5 and SLC-15, resp.), assessing sperm quality by objective motility analysis, morphology, viability, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In the second experiment, SLC-4.5 was compared to Single Layer Centrifugation with 25 mL extended ejaculate (SLC-25) using motility analysis and morphology. In both experiments, normal morphology and linear motility were significantly higher in the SLC-selected samples than in the uncentrifuged controls (P < .001), whereas total motility and membrane integrity were unchanged. Although ROS production was higher in the SLC-selected samples than in the controls (P < .01), this might have been due to the presence of antioxidants in seminal plasma in the latter. In conclusion, there was no difference in sperm quality between SLC-4.5 and SLC-15 samples, or between SLC-4.5 and SLC-25 samples, indicating that the SLC method can be scaled-up successfully.
Effect of Addition of Rosemary Leaves Powder on the Rheological Characteristics of Dough in Addition to the Quality Attributes of Bread Manufactured from to Local Wheat

Different percentages (2.5%, 5% and 7.5%) of rosemary leaves powder were added to local wheat flour(80% extraction), to study the result of adding this herb on the rheological properties of dough. To reach this target, Farinograph was used to study the water absorption, dough development time, dough stability and degree of dough softening, the out come was compared with local wheat flour with out addition. The obtained results showed that local wheat had values of water absorption, dough stability approximate to those of the local wheat flour after adding the percent of 2.5 and 5% of degree dough softening from rosemary leaves powder. The water absorption, dough development time of local wheat flour was improved as a function of adding rosemary to the flour. The increase rosemary is forming, which helped include The water absorption, dough development time of local wheat flour. It can be concluded that rosemary leaves powder was able to improve the rheological properties of local wheat flour at (2.5% and 5%)and a good quality loaf.
'Cry of Pain': Explaining the Gender Difierence in Suicidal Behavior

This paper provides a simple model to explain the gender difierence in suicidal behavior. The gender difierence stems from that men have higher completed suicide rates than women do. This paper ofiers a unifled approach to explain suicidal behaviors. With this, we identify the main factors leading to suicide attempts, precipitating events and mental illness, and then stress the factors afiecting the gender difierence in suicidal behavior, difierences in reference points, perceptive costs of being violent, and valuations of attention from others.
Probing the functional impact of sub-retinal prosthesis

Retinal prostheses are promising tools for recovering visual functions in blind patients but, unfortunately, with still poor gains in visual acuity. Improving their resolution is thus a key challenge that warrants understanding its origin through appropriate animal models. Here, we provide a systematic comparison between visual and prosthetic activations of the rat primary visual cortex (V1). We established a precise V1 mapping as a functional benchmark to demonstrate that sub-retinal implants activate V1 at the appropriate position, scalable to a wide range of visual luminance, but with an aspect-ratio and an extent much larger than expected. Such distorted activation profile can be accounted for by the existence of two sources of diffusion, passive diffusion and activation of ganglion cells’ axons en passant. Reverse-engineered electrical pulses based on impedance spectroscopy is the only solution we tested that decreases the extent and aspect-ratio, providing a promising solution for clinical applications. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.12687. 001
Assessing Mental Health Outcomes of Political Violence and Civil Unrest in Peru

Background: Sustained political violence (SPV) may have long-term effects. Aims: To assess mental and residual effects of exposure to SPV. To validate a post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) assessment tool in Quechua-speaking Peru. Method: Survey of 373 individuals aged 15 and over using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL-25) and a Trauma Questionnaire (TQ), derived from the Harvard Trauma Questionnaire. Sociodemographics were recorded. Reliability was assessed. Data reduction used factor analysis and modelling multiple regressions. Results: A quarter of the sample had symptoms compatible with PTSD. Questionnaire reliability ranged from 0.81 to 0.89. Factor analysis confirmed high construct validity for TQ and HSCL-25. Modelling showed a strong association of PTSD-related symptoms and expressions of distress with the degree of exposure to SPV, especially among returnees. Conclusions: Long-term consequences of exposure to SPV take the form of PTSD, anxiety and depressive disorders, and culturally formulated expressions of distress. Some implications for clinicians are discussed.