Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spotting the Latest Version of a File with Old'nGray

The recent version problem relates to ﬁnding the latest version of a ﬁle to avoid reconciliation and rework resulting from editing an out of date version.To identify the most recent version, we developed aprototype, Old’nGray ,whichautomaticallygraysouttheiconofolderversionsoftheﬁletohelpusers ignore them and spot the latest version using perceptual rather than cognitive processes. We tested our prototype using a within-subjects design ( n = 60). Use of Old’nGray drastically reduced failure percentage from an average of 24% in the control condition to 4%, and retrieval time from an average of 17.68 s in the control condition to 6.56 with Old’nGray . The beneﬁts of Old’nGray increased with folder size. Chronological sorting was used in only half of the control condition retrievals, which may explain the high failure percentage. The use of chronological sorting also resulted in additional retrieval time compared with the use of Old’nGray . When asked, 70% of the participants indicated that they would like the prototype to be integrated into their next operating system.
Effects of a Movement and Swimming Program on Water Orientation Skills and Self-Concept of Kindergarten Children with Cerebral Palsy

In this study the effect of an experimental movement and swimming program of six months on motor function in the water measured by means of the Water Orientation Score and self-perception measured by means of the Martinek-Zaich-kowsky Self-concept Scale was investigated. 23 children participated in the program, completing both tests prior to and after the intervention. An age-, sex-, and disability-matched control group of 23 children completed only the Self-concept Scale at pre-and posttest. Analysis indicated a significant improvement in Water Orientation Score of children in the trained group, but no effect on scores of the Self-concept Scale.
Field study reveals core plant microbiota and relative importance of their drivers

Harnessing plant microbiota can assist in sustainably increasing primary productivity to meet growing global demands for food and biofuel. However, development of rational microbiome-based approaches for improving crop yield and productivity is currently hindered by a lack of understanding of the major biotic and abiotic factors shaping the crop microbiome under relevant field conditions. We examined bacterial and fungal communities associated with both aerial (leaves, stalks) and belowground (roots, soil) compartments of four commercial sugarcane varieties (Saccharum spp.) grown in several growing regions in Australia. We identified drivers of the sugarcane microbiome under field conditions and evaluated whether the plants shared a core microbiome. Sugarcane-associated microbial assemblages were primarily determined by plant compartment, followed by growing region, crop age, variety and Yellow Canopy Syndrome (YCS). We detected a core set of microbiota and identified members of the core microbiome that were influenced by YCS incidence. Our study revealed key hub microorganisms in the core microbiome networks of sugarcane leaves, stalks, roots and rhizosphere soil despite location and time-associated shifts in the community assemblages. Elucidating their functional roles and identification of the keystone core microbiota that sustain plant health could provide a technological breakthrough for a sustainable increase in crop productivity.
What Do Teacher Mentors Tell Student Teachers About Pupil Learning in Infant Schools

Abstract Recent emphases on experiential classroom learning in the induction into expertise of student teachers may over‐estimate the learning support that class based practitioners offer students. Current understandings of teachers' thinking and planning suggest that expert practitioners may not be best placed to provide student teachers with frameworks for understanding what Shulman (1987) categorises as general pedagogical knowledge. Data from a sample of 11 UK infant school teacher mentors in the form of 5 hours of taped planning and evaluatory conversations with 20 students have been content analysed. Teacher‐talk related to explanations of how pupils learn forms the focus of the paper. Implications for mentor training and school‐university partnerships are drawn from the analysis of the data. Finally the need to confront the language difference that obtains between schools and universities in order to develop the theoretical base of teacher education is asserted.
Vitamin E-Mediated Modulation of Glutamate Receptor Expression in an Oxidative Stress Model of Neural Cells Derived from Embryonic Stem Cell Cultures

Glutamate is the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. Excessive concentrations of glutamate in the brain can be excitotoxic and cause oxidative stress, which is associated with Alzheimer's disease. In the present study, the effects of vitamin E in the form of tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) and alpha-tocopherol (α-TCP) in modulating the glutamate receptor and neuron injury markers in an in vitro model of oxidative stress in neural-derived embryonic stem (ES) cell cultures were elucidated. A transgenic mouse ES cell line (46C) was differentiated into a neural lineage in vitro via induction with retinoic acid. These cells were then subjected to oxidative stress with a significantly high concentration of glutamate. Measurement of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was performed after inducing glutamate excitotoxicity, and recovery from this toxicity in response to vitamin E was determined. The gene expression levels of glutamate receptors and neuron-specific enolase were elucidated using real-time PCR. The results reveal that neural cells derived from 46C cells and subjected to oxidative stress exhibit downregulation of NMDA, kainate receptor, and NSE after posttreatment with different concentrations of TRF and α-TCP, a sign of neurorecovery. Treatment of either TRF or α-TCP reduced the levels of ROS in neural cells subjected to glutamate-induced oxidative stress; these results indicated that vitamin E is a potent antioxidant.
A Perspective on the Evidence Regarding Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Surveillance

Abstract Two prominent studies have been used by policy makers to prevent the enactment of standards of care regarding active surveillance of patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital settings. In this brief review and perspective of those studies, we contend that both studies have serious limitations (i.e., the intervention group was not given optimal intervention) that may not have been scrutinized by many policy makers, health officials, and other researchers. These studies seem to have had a disproportionate impact on health-care policy despite their limitations. Furthermore, health-care policy and treatment standards need to reflect the preponderance of evidence with appropriate weight given to research studies based on their strengths and limitations. Only then can treatment standards that are effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus be adopted or refuted.
The Impact of Political Orientation On Environmental Attitudes and Actions

RI LEY E. DUNLAP is Assistant Professor of Sociology and Assistant Rural Sociologist at Washington State University, and Chair of the Environmental Problems Division of the Society for the Study of Social Problems (1973-1975). In addition to the politics of environmental quality, he is interested in the environmental movement, environmental attitudes and beliefs, and problems of collective decision-making on environmental issues .
Self-talk and Competitive Sport Performance

The purpose of the present study was to test the effectiveness of a 10-week self-talk intervention on competitive performance in young swimmers. Participants were 41 swimmers (M age 14.59, SD = 1.58 years), whose performance was recorded on 2 competitive occasions with a 10-week interval. In-between the 2 competitions, participants in the intervention group followed a self-talk training program. The results showed that the intervention group had greater performance improvements than the control group, thus, supporting the effectiveness of the program in enhancing sport performance in a competitive environment. The findings provide directions for the development of effective self-talk interventions.
Expression of astrocyte elevated gene-1 closely correlates with the angiogenesis of gastric cancer

Previous studies have demonstrated that astrocyte elevated gene-1 (AEG-1) is overexpressed in several cancer types and that its upregulation may promote cell proliferation, cell transformation and tumor progression. The present study investigated the expression and prognostic value of AEG-1 in primary gastric cancer (GC) as well as its role in angiogenesis. The results obtained from real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and western blotting revealed the upregulation of AEG-1 mRNA (P=0.007) and protein expression (P<0.001) in the majority of cancerous tissues compared with matched adjacent non-cancerous gastric tissues. To further investigate the clinicopathological and prognostic roles of AEG-1, immunohistochemical analysis of 216 GC tissue blocks was performed. The results showed that high AEG-1 expression closely correlated with differentiation degree (P<0.001 ), T stage (P<0.001), N stage (P=0.003) and M stage (P=0.013). Consistent with the abovementioned results, AEG-1 upregulation was also found to significantly correlate with poor survival in GC patients (P<0.001). Furthermore, carcinomas with elevated AEG-1 expression demonstrated high vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression and microvessel density, which was labeled by cluster of differentiation 34. In addition, an AEG-1 siRNA assay in MGC-803 cells showed that the AEG-1 gene may promote VEGF and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α protein and mRNA expression. The results of the current study indicated that AEG-1 may serve as a valuable prognostic marker for GC and may be involved in regulating tumor angiogenesis.
Trade Liberalization, Exit, and Productivity Improvements: Evidence from Chilean Plants

This paper empirically investigates the effects of trade liberalization on plant productivity in the case of Chile. Chile presents an interesting setting to study this relationship since it underwent a massive trade liberalization that significantly exposed its plants to competition from abroad during the late 1970s and early 1980s. Methodologically, I approach this question in two steps. In the first step, I estimate a production function to obtain a measure of plant productivity. I estimate the production function semiparametrically to correct for the presence of selection and simultaneity biases in the estimates of the input coefficients required to construct a productivity measure. I explicitly incorporate plant exit in the estimation to correct for the selection problem induced by liquidated plants. These methodological aspects are important in obtaining a reliable plant-level productivity measure based on consistent estimates of the input coefficients. In the second step, I identify the impact of trade liberalization on plants' productivity in a regression framework allowing variation in productivity over time and across traded- and nontraded-goods sectors. Using plant-level panel data on Chilean manufacturers, I find evidence of within plant productivity improvements that can be attributed to a liberalized trade policy, especially for the plants in the import-competing sector. In many cases, aggregate productivity improvements stem from the reshuffling of resources and output from less to more efficient producers.
Links between teaching and learning place value with understanding in first grade.

Conceptually based instruction on place value and two-digit addition and subtraction without regrouping was provided in four first-grade classrooms, and more conventional textbook-based instruction was provided in two first-grade classrooms. An observer compiled extensive notes of 20 lessons in each kind of classroom. Students who received conceptually based instruction performed significantly better on items measuring understanding of place value and two-digit addition and subtraction with regrouping and used strategies more often that exploited the tens and ones structure of the number system. Content and pedagogical differences between the instruction lessons are linked to the learning differences and are used to explain between-group differences in levels of performance and understanding. Observations are offered on the complex interactions between instruction, understanding, and performance.
The serotonin receptor SER‐1 (5HT2ce) contributes to the regulation of locomotion in Caenorhabditis elegans

Serotonin (5‐hydroxytryptamine: 5HT) is an important neuroactive substance in the model roundworm, Caenorhabditis elegans. Aside from having effects in feeding and egg‐laying, 5HT inhibits motility and also modulates several locomotory behaviors, notably food‐induced slowing and foraging. Recent evidence showed that a serotonergic 5HT2‐like receptor named SER‐1 (also known as 5HT2ce) was responsible for the effect of 5HT on egg‐laying. Here we confirm this observation and show that SER‐1 also plays an important role in locomotion. A mutant lacking SER‐1 was found to be highly resistant to exogenous 5HT in the absence of food and this resistant phenotype was rescued by reintroducing the SER‐1 gene in a mutant background. Pharmacological studies showed that the same antagonists that blocked the activity of recombinant SER‐1 invitro also inhibited the effect of 5HT on motility, suggesting the same receptor was responsible for both effects. When tested for locomotory behaviors, the SER‐1 mutant was found to be moderately defective in food‐induced slowing. In addition, the mutant changed direction more frequently than the wildtype when searching for food, suggesting that SER‐1 may play a role in navigational control during foraging. Both these effects required the presence of MOD‐1, a 5HT gated chloride channel, and the results indicate that SER‐1 and MOD‐1 modulate these behaviors through a common pathway. On the basis of expression analysis of a ser‐1::GFP translational fusion, SER‐1 is prominently located in central, integrating neurons of the head ganglia (RIA and RIC) but not the body wall musculature. The evidence suggests that SER‐1 controls locomotion through indirect modulation of neuromuscular circuits and has effects both on speed and direction of movement. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Develop Neurobiol 67: 189–204, 2007.
Boys' and Girls' Constructions of Gender through Musical Composition in the Primary School.

The purpose of the study is to examine, through interviews and observations, the extent to which 8–10 year old children in a London primary school replicate gendered musical practices and experience gendered musical meanings, and how these may affect their expectations and the specific practices and products of their composition. I also consider how primary school teachers participate in the overarching discourse on gender and music education, by examining their expectations about the nature of girls' and boys' compositions. I analyse my findings in relation to Lucy Green's model of gendered musical meaning and experience. One outcome of the analysis is the development of a concept of ‘female musical subculture’ to interpret girls' and women's participation in the compositional world. Secondly, the findings strongly suggest that in their musical practice , the children in the research are not reproducing ideological assumptions about gendered musical practices, which contradicts how they operate discursively , for their discourse lies within the bounds of gendered musical ideology. Thirdly, the findings also indicate that the teachers are strongly affected by gendered musical ideologies, and have concomitant expectations about the music girls and boys produce.
The Behavioral Determinants of Breast-Feeding in the Netherlands: Predictors for the Initiation of Breast-Feeding

The aim of this study was to evaluate the behavioral determinants of the initiation of breast-feeding at birth. The prospective cohort study used the attitude, social influence, self-efficacy (ASE) model in 373 pregnant women in five child health care centers. Prenatally, 72% of the women had the intention to breast-feed, and 73% actually started with breast-feeding at birth. Mothers who initiated breast-feeding differed in almost all the attitude, social influence, and self-efficacy determinants fromm others who initiated formula feeding. Intention was a very strong predictor of the initiation of breast-feeding. The components of the ASE model predicted the initiation of breast-feeding. Hence, the results may be used to tailor future interventions aimed at promoting breast-feeding.
Immediate functional loading of TiOblast dental implants in full-arch edentulous maxillae: a 3-year prospective study.

INTRODUCTION Immediate functional loading of dental implants for full-arch restoration is a patient-friendly approach, shown to be feasible with a good long-term prognosis in a completely edentulous mandible. For the complete restoration of the maxilla, acceptable long-term clinical follow-up is lacking or based on case reports rather than on prospective studies. OBJECTIVES This prospective mono-centre study reports the 3-year outcome of immediately functionally loaded Astra Tech Dental implants in completely edentulous maxillae based on clinical survival and success based on radiographical assessment of bone level. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred and ninety-five Astra Tech TiOblast surface fixtures were installed in 25 consecutively treated patients (age range: 42-76 years), of whom eight were smokers, 12 had a confirmed history of periodontitis and six had poor bone quality normally deemed for delayed loading. Fixtures and abutments were inserted in a one-stage procedure and functionally loaded within 24 h with a 10-unit provisional glass-fibre or metal-reinforced screw-retained restoration. After 6 months, each implant was checked for stability using a manual torque of 20 N cm and the provisional restoration was replaced by a 10-12-unit screw-retained metal-ceramic or metal-resin cantilever bridge. Bone level was assessed radiographically from the day of surgery up to 3 years and used to calculate mean bone loss at the patient level and individual implant success. RESULTS No failures occurred in implants or prostheses, the total survival rate being 100%. Mean marginal bone loss was 0.58 mm (SD 0.58); 0.6 mm (SD 0.53); 0.63 (SD 0.61); and 0.72 (SD 0.63) after 6 and 12 months, and 2 and 3 years, respectively, yielding a 100% success at the patient level. Wilcoxon's signed ranks test showed only statistically significant bone loss between baseline and 6 months and a steady-state condition during all other intervals. At the individual fixture level, 82% lost <1 mm marginal bone between baseline and 1 year. After 3 years, 86% have <1.5 mm total bone loss and can be considered a success. The fixtures expressing more bone loss were all inserted in smokers. CONCLUSION Immediate loading of a full-arch maxillary bridgework on 7-9 Astra Tech TiOblast implants is a predictable treatment option with 100% fixture survival and stable bone-to-implant contact up to 3 years. The steady state in bone remodelling is indicative of a good long-term prognosis in non-smokers but smokers seem to be more prone to bone loss.
Discrepancies in adolescents' versus parents' reports of coparenting: A cluster analytic approach

The present study used a cluster-analytic strategy to identify types of families in terms of parents' and adolescents' views of coparenting. Data were collected from 348 adolescents (M=14.01 SD=1.93) and their parents. Cluster analysis revealed four types of families differing in the way adolescents and their parents perceive coparenting: “Above-Average-Families” (n=130), “Congruent-Negative-Families” (n=31), “Positive-Discrepant-Families” (n=125) and “Negative-Discrepant-Families” (n=62). These clusters differed in family cohesion and adolescent adjustment. Interestingly, adolescents of “Negative-Discrepant-Families,” which had more negative views on coparenting than their parents had, showed significantly higher levels of internalizing problems than their peers from “Above-Average-Families. ” Results suggest the importance of direction and magnitude of perceptual differences between adolescents and their parents.
Unemployed Managers-A Homogeneous Group?

The current economic recession has resulted in a sharp increase in the numbers of managers who have become unemployed. Through the Training Services Agency these managers are being provided with the opportunity to attend courses, the aim of which is to provide them with management education and to give them skill and knowledge in job-seeking. These two factors have together led to a growth in the literature on the ’problems’ of unemployed managers. Among the more recent contributors to this literature have been Page (1976, 1977), Mather (1977), Brown (1977), Beer and Swaffin-Smith (1976) and Wood (1975).
The Use of Foreign Currency Derivatives and Firm Market Value

This article examines the use of foreign currency derivatives (FCDs) in a sample of 720 large U.S. nonfinancial firms between 1990and 1995 and its potential impact on firm value. Using Tobin’s Q as a proxy for firm value, we find a positive relation between firm value and the use of FCDs. The hedging premium is statistically and economically significant for firms with exposure to exchange rates and is on average 4.87% of firm value. We also find some evidence consistent with the hypothesis that hedging causes an increase in firm value.
The Markings of a New Pencil: Introducing Programming-as-Writing in the Middle School Classroom

Using the setting of a writing-workshop to facilitate a deliberate process to learn computer programming, this exploratory study investigates (a) where there is a natural overlap between programming and writing through the storytelling motif, and (b) to what extent existing language arts coursework and pedagogy can be leveraged to introduce this new form of digital composition to middle-school children. Whereas previous studies linking children’s programming with storytelling (Author & Kafai, 2010; Kelleher & Pausch 2008) did so within the informal afterschool clubs, this study focuses on integrating computer science into the classroom, aligning curricula to core-content English language arts instruction.
Antiwindup for stable linear systems with input saturation: an LMI-based synthesis

This paper considers closed-loop quadratic stability and L/sub 2/ performance properties of linear control systems subject to input saturation. More specifically, these properties are examined within the context of the popular linear antiwindup augmentation paradigm. Linear antiwindup augmentation refers to designing a linear filter to augment a linear control system subject to a local specification, called the "unconstrained closed-loop behavior. " Building on known results on H/sub /spl infin// and LPV synthesis, the fixed order linear antiwindup synthesis feasibility problem is cast as a nonconvex matrix optimization problem, which has an attractive system theoretic interpretation: the lower bound on the achievable L/sub 2/ performance is the maximum of the open and unconstrained closed-loop L/sub 2/ gains. In the special cases of zero-order (static) and plant-order antiwindup compensation, the feasibility conditions become (convex) linear matrix inequalities. It is shown that, if (and only if) the plant is asymptotically stable, plant-order linear antiwindup compensation is always feasible for large enough L/sub 2/ gain and that static antiwindup compensation is feasible provided a quasi-common Lyapunov function, between the open-loop and unconstrained closed-loop, exists. Using the solutions to the matrix feasibility problems, the synthesis of the antiwindup augmentation achieving the desired level of L/sub 2/ performance is then accomplished by solving an additional LMI.