Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
MACROPHAGE MIGRATION INHIBITORY FACTOR LEVELS CORRELATE WITH FATAL OUTCOME IN SEPSIS

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a cytokine playing a critical role in the pathophysiology of experimental sepsis. The purpose of this study was to determine the levels of MIF and to compare those to interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels in predicting mortality among critically ill patients with sepsis. The levels of MIF and IL-6 were measured in 25 patients with septic shock, 17 patients with sepsis, and 11 healthy volunteers. The median plasma concentrations of MIF and IL-6 were significantly higher in patients with septic shock and in patients with sepsis than in healthy controls. MIF levels were significantly different between survivors and nonsurvivors, as were IL-6 levels. Discriminatory power in predicting mortality, as assessed by the areas under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROC), was 0.793 for MIF and 0.680 for IL-6. Finally, high plasma levels of MIF (>1100 pg/mL) had a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 64% to identify the patients who eventually would evolve to a fatal outcome. Thus, our data suggest that an elevated MIF level in recently diagnosed septic patients appears to be an early indicator of poor outcome and a potential entry criterion for future studies with therapeutic intervention aiming at MIF neutralization.
A Machine Vision System for Generating Vehicle Trajectories over Extended Freeway Segments

An advanced machine vision system is presented that automatically extracts vehicle trajectories over long freeway sections from video data. For each vehicle, its dimension and initial position are robustly given by the vehicle detection algorithm, and a separate tracking algorithm is used to extract the vehicle’s trajectory from the images of multiple cameras. The algorithms overcome the limitations of machine vision algorithms previously proposed that have difficulty to robustly obtain accurate vehicle positions in the presence of shadows and occlusions. Using the system, we generated a prototype dataset of over 4,700 individual vehicles, or 2.8M data points, which is the largest and most comprehensive dataset on vehicle trajectories ever produced.
Mass media's relationship with adolescents' values and behaviors: A theory of mediated valueflection

Mass media has long been thought to have a detrimental effect on an adolescent’s values and behaviors. Many social ills including violence, misogyny and negative health behaviors, as well as egoistic cultural values have been attributed to mass media’s influence. Yet the media is not all powerful, nor are its powers unable to be combated. In this manuscript, I analyze the Educational Longitudinal Study data from 2002 to 2006 to determine the real effects mass media has on adolescents in comparison to other influences. I find that not all media is equal in influence. Television and video games have different relationships with a teenager’s values and behaviors in comparison to internet use. Additionally, I find that when parents are involved with their children as significant others, they do not negate, but can typically counteract many negative effects of media. INDEX WORDS: Media, Mass Media, Adolescents, Teenagers, Television, Video games, Internet, Values, Behaviors, High school, Social psychology, Reflected appraisals, Significant others, Altruism, Egoism, Parent, Parental involvement MASS MEDIA’S RELATIONSHIP WITH ADOLESCENTS’ VALUES AND BEHAVIORS: A THEORY OF MEDIATED VALUEFLECTION
Perception of lexical pitch-accent by Korean Learners of Japanese

Tokyo Japanese has a lexical pitch-accent system whereas Seoul Korean features no wordlevel tonal representations. The present study investigated phonological perception of lexical pitch-accent by advanced Seoul Korean learners of Japanese, via sequence-recall experiments. The results, on the contrary to our prediction, showed that advanced Korean learners performed as well as native Japanese speakers in perceiving pitchaccent contrasts. Non-significant variance also suggested the advanced Korean learners in general have acquired lexical pitch-accent phonologically. The observations that Korean learners had no difficulties in perception of pitch-accent were discussed with respect to acquisition models of non-native perception.
Understanding Radical Organizational Change: Bringing Together the Old and the New Institutionalism

The complexity of political, regulatory, and technological changes confronting most organizations has made radical organizational change and adaptation a central research issue. This article sets out a framework for understanding organizational changes from the perspective of neo-institutional theory. The principal theoretical issue addressed in the article is the interaction of organizational context and organizational action. The article examines the processes by which individual organizations retain, adopt, and discard templates for organizing, given the institutionalized nature of organizational fields.
Musical identities of professional jazz musicians: a focus group investigation

Views about jazz, and being a jazz musician, were gathered from current Scottish practitioners. Jazz is a uniquely interactive creative practice, dependent on shared practices and meanings. These are inseparable from social and cultural contexts; however, research on musicians’ views has been concentrated on individuals in the USA. This study therefore uses focus group interviewing to access group musical identities in the UK. Reflexive issues of the research procedure are also addressed. Maintaining swing feel and a balance of collective and individual practices emerged as important. Eclectic professional practice created a demanding lifestyle; in this context, the group aspect of jazz is integral to related musical identities. Diverse discourses highlighted the constructed nature of these identities; focus groups are thus a useful method for this field. Consideration of the interview circumstances suggests how these function, and has implications for subsequent research.
Flow-Erleben in einem Computerspiel unter experimentell variierten Bedingungen

Zusammenfassung. Berichtet wird uber eine Moglichkeit, Flow-Erleben unter experimentell kontrollierten Bedingungen systematisch zu variieren. Dabei werden die Tatigkeit (das Computerspiel Roboguard) und die Situationsbedingungen konstant gehalten. Variiert wird lediglich die Schwierigkeitsstufe, auf der gespielt wird. Als abhangiges Mas wurde die Flow-Kurzskala (FKS, Rheinberg, Vollmeyer & Engeser, 2003) verwandt. Es zeigten sich die vorhergesagten kurvilinearen Beziehungen zwischen Anforderungsstufe und Flow mit Effektstarken um d > 1. Die erwarteten Zusammenhange zwischen habitueller Zielorientierung (Hayamizu & Weiner, 1991) und Flow zeigten sich nur bei den flow-auslosenden Schwierigkeitsstufen. Hingegen trat die erwartete negative Beziehung zwischen Zielorientierung und Flow nicht auf, vielmehr korrelierten sowohl die learning- als auch die performance goal orientation positiv mit der Flowkomponente Absorbiertheit. Aus diesem Befund wird eine Arbeitshypothese zur Beziehung von Motivation und Flow her.
Inhibitory collaterals in genetically identified medium spiny neurons in mouse primary corticostriatal cultures

Inhibitory collaterals between striatal medium spiny neuron (MSN) subtypes have been shown to critically influence striatal output. However, the low rate of inhibitory collateral detection between striatal MSNs in conventional ex vivo slice recordings has made the study of these connections challenging. Furthermore, most studies on MSN collaterals have been conducted either blind or in models, in which only one MSN subtype can be distinguished. Here, we describe a dissociated culture system using striatal and cortical neurons harvested from genetically modified mice at postnatal day 0. These mice express tdTomato and enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) downstream of the dopamine D1 and D2 receptor promoters, respectively, allowing for simultaneous distinction between the two major subtypes of MSNs. In vitro, these neurons develop spines, hyperpolarized resting membrane potentials and exhibit up‐and‐down states, while also maintaining expression of both fluorophores through time. Using paired whole‐cell patch‐clamp recordings from identified MSNs at 14 days in vitro, we are able to detect a much higher rate of inhibitory functional synapses than what has been previously reported in slice recordings. These collateral synapses release γ‐Aminobutyric acid (GABA) and shape the firing patters of other MSNs. Although reduced in vitro models have a number of inherent limitations, the cultures described here provide a unique opportunity to study frequently observed functional collaterals between identifiable MSNs. Additionally, cultured neurons allow for control of the extracellular environment, with the potential to investigate pharmacological regulation of inhibitory MSNs collaterals.
THE CORRELATION BETWEEN STUDENTS’ LEARNING STYLE AND STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ACHIEVEMENT

Abstrak Terdapat sejumlah faktor yang memengaruhi keberhasilan belajar bahasa asing, termasuk gaya belajar siswa. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan yang signifikan antara gaya belajar siswa dan prestasi berbicara siswa kelas XII SMA Negeri 1 Tumpang tahun ajaran 2014/2015. 34 siswa kelas XII IA 3 menjadi subjek penelitian korelasional ini. Selain itu, metode kuantitatif digunakan dengan catatan lapangan, angket dan skor berbicara sebagai instrumen. Hasil mengungkap bahwa gaya belajar auditory adalah gaya belajar yang paling banyak diterapkan siswa, diikuti oleh gaya belajar kinesthetic dan gaya belajar visual. Namun, analisis ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara gaya belajar siswa dan pencapaian berbicara siswa kelas XII IA 3 SMA Negeri 1 Tumpang. Hal ini dibuktikan dengan p.value (0,259) yang lebih tinggi dari nilai signifikansi (0,05). Kata Kunci: korelasi, gaya belajar, berbicara. Abstract There are a number of factors which influence the success of learning foreign language including students’ learning styles. Thus, this study aimed at finding out whether there is a significant correlation between students’ learning styles and students’ speaking achievement of the twelfth graders of SMA Negeri 1 Tumpang in the academic year of 2014/2015. 34 students of XII IA 3 class were involved as the participants of this correlational research. In addition, quantitative method was employed by using field notes, questionnaire and students’ speaking scores as the instruments. It was found that auditory learning style was the most preferred learning style, followed by kinesthetic learning style and visual learning style. However, the ANOVA analysis showed that there is no significant correlation between learning styles and speaking achievement of XII IA 3 students of SMA Negeri 1 Tumpang since the p.value (0.259) obtained is higher than the significance value (0.05). Keywords: correlation, learning style, speaking.
When Paradigms Clash: Comments on Cameron and Pierce’s Claim That Rewards Do Not Undermine Intrinsic Motivation

Cameron and Pierce’s (1994) conclusion that rewards do not pose a threat to intrinsic motivation is a misrepresentation of the literature based on a flawed meta-analysis. Their call to abandon cognitive evaluation theory is more an attempt to defend their behaviorist theoretical turf than a meaningful consideration of the relevant data and issues.
Efficacy and tolerability of oral oxycodone and oxycodone/naloxone combination in opioid-naïve cancer patients: a propensity analysis

Background World Health Organization step III opioids are required to relieve moderate-to-severe cancer pain; constipation is one of the most frequent opioid-induced side effects. A fixed combination, prolonged-release oxycodone/naloxone (OXN), was developed with the aim of reducing opioid-related gastrointestinal side effects. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of prolonged-release oxycodone (OXY) alone to OXN in opioid-naïve cancer patients with moderate-to-severe pain. Methods Propensity analysis was utilized in this observational study, which evaluated the efficacy, safety, and quality of life. Results Out of the 210 patients recruited, 146 were matched using propensity scores and included in the comparative analysis. In both groups, pain intensity decreased by ≈3 points after 60 days, indicating comparable analgesic efficacy. Responder rates were similar between groups. Analgesia was achieved and maintained with similarly low and stable dosages over time (12.0–20.4 mg/d for OXY and 11.5–22.0 mg/d for OXN). Bowel Function Index (BFI) and laxative use per week improved from baseline at 30 days and 60 days in OXN recipients (−16, P<0.0001 and −3.5, P=0.02, respectively); BFI worsened in the OXY group. The overall incidence of drug-related adverse events was 28.9% in the OXY group and 8.2% in the OXN group (P<0.01); nausea and vomiting were two to five times less frequent with OXN. Quality of life improved to a significantly greater extent in patients receiving OXN compared to OXY (increase in Short Form-36 physical component score of 7.1 points vs 3.2 points, respectively; P<0.001). Conclusion In patients with chronic cancer pain, OXN provided analgesic effectiveness that is similar to OXY, with early and sustained benefits in tolerability. The relationship between responsiveness to OXN and clinical characteristics is currently being investigated.
Resilience in the operating room: developing and testing of a resilience model.

AIM This paper is a report of a study to examine the relation of perceived competence, collaboration, control, self-efficacy, hope, coping, age, experience, education and years of employment to resilience in operating room (OR) nurses. BACKGROUND Resilience is viewed as a vital attribute for nurses because it augments adaptation in demanding and volatile clinical environments such as ORs. However, there has been little research into the utility of resilience as a means of dealing with workplace stress, and there is only limited understanding of variables that explain resilience in the context of nursing. METHOD A correlational cross-sectional survey design was used. Of a national sample of 2860 Australian OR nurses, 1430 were selected by systematic random sampling and invited to complete a questionnaire in 2006. The instrument included scales measuring perceived competence, collaboration, control, self-efficacy, hope, coping and resilience, and gathered information about the demographic characteristics of respondents. RESULTS Two regression models were used to develop a model of resilience. An initial model tested the hypothesis that a set of 12 explanatory variables contributed to resilience in OR nurses. Five variables (hope, self-efficacy, coping, control and competence) explained resilience at statistically significant levels. Age, experience, education and years of employment did not contribute to resilience at statistically significant levels. The final model explained 60% of the variance. In both models, the strongest explanatory variables were hope, self-efficacy and coping. CONCLUSION Identification of explanatory variables that contribute to resilience in ORs may assist in implementing strategies that promote these behaviours, and thus retain nurses in this specialty.
Successful Posttransplant Treatment of Hepatitis C With Ledipasvir-Sofosbuvir in HIV+ Kidney Transplant Recipients

Background Ledipasvir-sofosbuvir is effective at eradicating hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the general population and in HCV-monoinfected kidney transplant recipients, but there are no data to guide its use in human immunodeficiency virus/HCV coinfected kidney transplant patients. Methods We treated 6 human immunodeficiency virus/HCV coinfected kidney transplant recipients with ledipasvir-sofosbuvir at our 2 centers. All were infected with genotype 1 and 66% had received kidneys from HCV+ donors. Results All patients cleared the virus while on therapy and 100% have achieved a sustained virologic response at 12 weeks after completion of ledipasvir-sofosbuvir. Tacrolimus dosing required adjustment during and after ledipasvir-sofosbuvir therapy but antiretroviral regimens did not. Conclusions Ledipasvir-sofosbuvir was well tolerated. Although all patients in our series were treated posttransplant, the ideal timing of HCV therapy in this population is unknown, and the impact of HCV clearance on posttransplant outcomes is yet to be determined.
Hsp 104 Catalyzes Formation and Elimination of Self-Replicating Sup 35 Prion Conformers

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Estimation of the probability distributions of stochastic context-free grammars from the k-best derivations

The use of the Inside-Outside (IO) algorithm for the estimation of the probability distributions of Stochastic Context-Free Gram-mars (SCFGs) in Natural-Language processing is restricted due to the time complexity per iteration and the large number of iterations that it needs to converge. Alternatively, an algorithm based on the Viterbi score (VS) is used. This VS algorithm converges more rapidly, but obtains less competitive models. We describe here a new algorithm that only considers the k -best derivations in the estimation process. The experimental results show that this algorithm achieves faster convergence than the IO and better models than the VS algorithm.
Radial vs coccygeal artery Doppler blood pressure measurement in conscious cats

Objectives The aims of the study were to compare the results of systolic blood pressure (SBP) measurements at the radial and coccygeal artery by Doppler ultrasonography and to assess the impact of gender, age, body weight, body condition score (BCS) and stress score on disagreements. Methods Eighty cats were included in this prospective, block randomised crossover trial. Blood pressure measurements were performed at home, during hospitalisation or in a local animal shelter by a single trained observer according to the latest ISFM consensus guidelines. Statistical analysis included Spearman’s correlation and ANOVA. Results Measurement or site order had no effect on blood pressure measurements (P = 0.157, P = 0.965). Correlation of radial and coccygeal SBP was moderate (rsp = 0.519, P <0.001) and measurements at the tail were by mean 18.7 ± 37 mmHg higher. The differences between the measuring sites were neither correlated with age (rsp = 0.044, P = 0.710) nor with body weight (rsp = 0.122, P = 0.337). A significant effect of BCS (P = 0.016), but not gender (P = 0.246) or stress score (P = 0.424) was identified. Of the 25 cats with a coccygeal SBP ⩾170 mmHg, 14 (56%) were categorised as mildly hypertensive or normotensive when measurements were performed at the forelimb. Conclusions and relevance Choice of the measuring site, coccygeal vs radial artery, has a significant impact on Doppler ultrasonographic SBP results. In many cats, these discrepancies are huge and would certainly affect treatment decisions. Possible explanations include cone-shaped tails, especially in obese cats, leading to distal gapping or slippage of cylindrical cuffs and peripheral pulse pressure amplification. Further studies are urgently needed to clarify whether the discordances are artefacts or have a pathological background.
Internet-Based Versus Paper-and-Pencil Assessment: Measuring Career Decision-Making Difficulties

The present study compared English and Hebrew paper-and- pencil and Internet versions of the Career Decision-making Difficulties Questionnaire (CDDQ). First, the response pattern of 417 clients who filled out the Hebrew paper-and-pencil version was compared with the response pattern found for a matched sample of 837 individuals who visited a career-related Internet site and filled out the Hebrew Internet version of the CDDQ. The internal consistency reliability of the Internet version was similar to that of the paper-and-pencil version (.87 and .88, respectively). The structures derived from the 10 categories of difficulties were also highly similar in the two groups (Spearman rank-order correlation of .87), and both structures resembled the theoretical one proposed by Gati, Krausz, and Osipow. However, the response pattern of 24% of the Internet users could be characterized as "questionable," indicating that these users' difficulties should be interpreted and the users should be offered feedback with reservations. A similar comparison of the English paper-and-pencil questionnaire (n = 403) and the English Internet CDDQ (n = 182) also revealed a high correspondence between the versions, in both their structure and their pattern of scale reliabilities.