Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Geochemical and isotopic studies of syenites from the Proterozoic Damara belt (Namibia): Implications for the origin of Pan-African syenites

Neto qtz-normative syenites are rare plutonic rocks within the Proterozoic Damara Belt of Namibia. New U/Pb sphene ages of some Pan-African syenites at Otjimbingwe indicate an age of c. 540 Ma for the intrusion of these rocks into a lowto medium grade metamorphic terrain prior to the inferred peak of metamorphism. These new ages are broadly comparable with previous Rb/Sr whole-rock and hornblendewhole-rock ages which indicate an age of either 570 _+ 4 1 M a o r 5 2 4 • 7Ma. Regardless of minor geochemical variations, all syenites are characterized by high K20+Na20 (9.6-11.4), K20/Na20 (2.2-4.2), Sr (651-1227 ppm), Ba (1167-2732 ppm) and high TiO2, P205, Zr, Nb and LREE relative to Damaran I-type, S-type and A-type granites. Their mantle-normalized trace element diagrams are characterized by pronounced enrichment in LILE and REE, and a depletion of Ba, Nb, Sr, P, and Ti. Depletion of Ba and Sr are typical for rift-related syenites, however, their depletion in Nb, Ti, P indicate some involvement of a subductionzone component. Initial isotopic composition are characterized by low initital ~ Nd values (-4.26 to -5.47) and high Sri ratios (0.70706 to 0.70769). The ~180 values vary between 8.20%o and 9.39%0. 2~176 2~176 and 2~176 isotope ratios are between 18.95-23.31, 15.73-16.04, and 38.85-40.25, respectively. Since the syenites are extremely enriched in Sr and Nd, the isotopic composition reflect the nature of the mantle source, rather than significant crustal contamination. The isotopic signatures are distinct from those of riftor hotspot-related syenites which are thought to be derived from depleted asthenospheric sources. The Damaran syenites have K/Rb relationships similar to those seen in upper mantle phlogopites but unlike those from upper mantle amphiboles. We therefore conclude that the syenites come from an enriched, lithospheric mantle source, probably modified by a subduction zone fluid, containing phlogopite as the major OH-bearing mineral. Ce/Pb ratios are low ( 10%o. Modelling using Nd concentrations and eNd values of the syenites, basement rocks and the inferred enriched upper mantle source indicate that 2 4 % contamination with such crustal material can explain the isotopic variation in the most differentiated syenites. Considering the distinct geochemical and isotopic signatures, it is proposed that the syenites were generated by fractionation from ne-normative mantle magmas and magma mixing with a lower-crustal
Phase I Dose-Finding Study of Pazopanib in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Evaluation of Early Efficacy, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics

Background: A phase I dose-escalating study of pazopanib was conducted to determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic relationships, and clinical activity in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Experimental Design: Asian patients (N = 28) were dose escalated on pazopanib (200–800 mg) once daily (QD) on 21-day cycles, with MTD as the primary endpoint using a modified 3 + 3 design. Changes in tumor vasculature were evaluated by dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE—MRI). Results: Two of five patients at the 800-mg dose level experienced dose-limiting toxicities [grade 3 aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevations and grade 3 malaise]. The MTD in patients with HCC (Child–Pugh class A) was 600 mg QD. Diarrhea, skin hypopigmentation, and AST elevation were the most commonly reported adverse events at the MTD. Mean Cmax and area under the concentration-time curve (AUC0–6) of pazopanib and its metabolites did not increase dose proportionally across the 200 to 800 mg range. Reductions in IAUGC and Ktrans were shown at all pazopanib doses evaluated, with the greatest reductions at 600 and 800 mg. Although larger DCE-MRI parameter decreases were associated with larger C24 and Cmax values, there was no constant relationship between tumor perfusion decreases measured by DCE-MRI and plasma pazopanib pharmacokinetic parameters. Overall, 19 patients (73%) had either partial response or stable disease. Conclusion: Pazopanib has a manageable safety profile in patients with advanced HCC, and 600 mg was chosen for further development of pazopanib in advanced HCCs. Moreover, pazopanib reduced tumor vessel leakage, as shown by DCE-MRI, indicating a direct effect on HCC vasculature that might be associated with its antitumor activity. Clin Cancer Res; 17(21); 6914–23. ©2011 AACR.
Experience with transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defects using the Amplatzer septal occluder: a single centre study in 236 consecutive patients

Aim: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of transcatheter closure of secundum atrial septal defects (ASD) with the Amplatzer septal occluder. Methods: 236 consecutive patients with a significant ASD (age 6 months to 46 years, median 5 years; body weight 6.5–79 kg, median 18 kg) were considered for transcatheter closure with the Amplatzer septal occluder; 18 patients with defects that were too large or with a deficient inferior margin were excluded from attempted transcatheter closure after initial transthoracic (4) or transoesophageal echocardiography (14). Results: At cardiac catheterisation, devices were not implanted in 18 patients because the stretched diameter of the ASD was too large (4), the device was unstable (4), compromised the mitral valve (1), or obstructed the upper right pulmonary vein (1); eight patients with additional systemic or pulmonary vein anomalies (5) or a Qp:Qs less than 1.5 (3) were excluded after angiographic and haemodynamic assessment. Thus ASD closure was done successfully in 200 patients (procedure time 25–210 minutes, median 66 minutes; fluoroscopy time 2.5–60 minutes, median 12 minutes), among whom 22 had multiple ASDs (14) or a septal aneurysm (8). The diameter of the devices ranged between 6–34 mm. Severe procedure related complications (retroperitoneal bleeding, air embolism) occurred in two cases. At follow up (33 days to 4.3 years, median 2.3 years) complete closure was documented in 94%, with a trivial residual shunt in 12 patients. Conclusions: The Amplatzer septal occluder is very efficient and offered interventional ASD closure in 84.7% of our group of consecutive patients, with excellent intermediate results.
Social or Financial Goals?: Comparative Analysis of User Behaviors in Couchsurfing and Airbnb

Uber and Airbnb, two well-known sharing economy services, are facing conflicts with traditional taxi and hotel companies because these services have monetary benefits but are free from legacy regulations. However, non-monetary-based sharing services, represented by Couchsurfing, Inc., are free from such conflict and still successful. We investigated the distinctive user participation motivation of non-monetary-based sharing services versus monetary-based ones. Specifically, a comparative analysis of Couchsurfing with Airbnb was conducted via affinity diagramming from host profiles and guest review data. The human relationship, rather than a house, is discovered as the primary shared asset and the primary satisfaction feature for Couchsurfing users. This study gives an insight to prioritize human relationships as the main design concern while developing non-monetary based sharing economy services.
Using LBP histogram for face recognition on Android platform

In this paper, a new face recognition method based on local binary pattern(LBP) histogram is presented. First, the grey face image is divided into several parts, and then the LBP histogram of each part is calculated and concatenated together. Second, extract other concatenated histograms using different LBP operators and image blocking patterns. All the histograms above are concatenated into the ultimate vector. The proposed approach was tested using Yale face database on Android platform. Experimental results demonstrate that the combined LBP histogram feature has an encouraging performance for face recognition.
Secular changes to the ENSO‐U.S. hurricane relationship

Analysis of the statistical relationship between annual U.S. hurricane activity and the El Niño‐Southern oscillation (ENSO) is performed. The legitimacy of considering annual U.S. hurricane counts as a Poisson process is checked. Then, Poisson regression is used to model the ENSO‐U.S. hurricane connection. A bivariate regression model verifies a significant negative correspondence between tropical Pacific sea‐surface temperature (SST) and U.S. hurricane activity. When equatorial SSTs are cold, U.S. hurricanes are more likely. Secular changes to the ENSO‐U.S. hurricane relationship are examined using moving regressions. A nonlinear downward trend in the relationship's strength is evident. Variations in sea‐level pressures over the extra‐tropical North Atlantic Ocean during months immediately prior to the hurricane season provide an explanation for a portion of this secular variability. Atmospheric synoptic conditions associated with the North Atlantic oscillation (NAO) result in hurricanes tracking parallel to southern latitudes en route to the United States.
Deltaic systems and their contribution to an understanding of basin-fill successions

Summary Deltaic systems are prominent features of many clastic basin-fill successions throughout the geological record and are also important as sites of fossil fuel reserves. The process-based classification of deltaic systems into fluvial-, wave- and tide-dominated types adopted in recent years remains valid, but requires additional information on, for example, the sediment load of the system, its position in the basin and the extent of synsedimentary deformation in order to be a meaningful characterization of a delta. The range of delta types is further extended by research into ancient deltaic systems which can result in the definition of a non-actualistic delta which differs from modern systems. This is an important trend which should develop in the future as well-constrained ancient systems are characterized to their full extent. A further avenue of future research lies in examining the nature of links of deltaic systems to shelf, slope and submarine-fan systems, with particular reference to depositional analysis of seismic stratigraphic information.
Section : Microbial and Enzyme Technology Multi-parameter flow cytometry and cell sorting reveal extensive physiological heterogeneity in Bacillus cereus batch cultures .

Keywords: Bacillus cereus, bis-(1, 3-dibutylbarbituric acid) trimethine oxonol, cell sorting, 3,3'-dihexylocarbocyanine iodide, flow cytometry, membrane potential, membrane integrity 2 Abstract Based on two staining protocols, DiOC 6 (3)/propidium iodide (PI) and RedoxSensor Green (an indicator of bacterial reductase activity)/PI, multi-parameter flow cytometry and cell sorting has identified at least four distinguishable physiological states during batch cultures of Bacillus cereus. Furthermore, dependent on the position in the growth curve, single cells gave rise to varying numbers of colonies when sorted individually onto nutrient agar plates. These growing colonies derived from a single cell had widely different lag phases, inferred from differences in colony size. This further highlights the complex population dynamics of bacterial monocultures and further demonstrates that individual bacterial cells in a culture respond in markedly dissimilar ways to the environment, resulting in a physiologically heterogenous and dynamic population.
PENGARUH SEKTOR EKONOMI TERHADAP PENDAPATAN ASLI DAERAH PROVINSI RIAU

Salah satu indikator kemajuan perekonomian suatu daerah dapat dilihat dariperkembangan Produk Domestik Regional Bruto (PDRB). PDRB memperlihatkanbesarnya produksi yang telah diciptakan oleh masing-masing sektor ekonomi padatahun tertentu. Semakin tinggi PDRB yang dihasilkan pada masing – masing sektor,maka akan semakin besar pula kontribusi sektor tersebut terhadap perekonomiandaerah. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh sektorekonomi (migas dan non migas) terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) ProvinsiRiau dari tahun 1990 hingga 2011. Jenis data yang digunakan dalam penelitian iniadalah data sekunder berupa data PDRB sektor ekonomi dan laporan realisasipendapatan asli daerahProvinsi Riau yang terdapat pada Badan Pusat Statistik(BPS) Provinsi Riau. Metode statistik yang digunakan untuk menguji hipotesispenelitian adalah regresi linear berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwasektor ekonomi tanpa migas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Pendapatan AsliDaerah (PAD) Provinsi Riau, meskipun tidak setinggi pada pertumbuhan ekonomimigas. Terutama dari sektor pertambangan, sektor bangunan, sektor pengangkutandan sektor jasa –jasa. Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa sektor ekonomimigas berpengaruh signifikan terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah (PAD) ProvinsiRiau, terutama pada sektor pertambangan, sektor industri pengolahan, sektorperdagangan, hotel dan restoran, dan sektor pengangkutan dan komunikasi. Kata kunci :Sektor ekonomi, pendapatan asli daerah.
'Law and Finance' Revisited

The Antidirector Rights Index from La Porta et al.'s Law and Finance (1998) has been used as a measure of shareholder protection in almost 100 published studies. With articles by legal scholars questioning the accuracy of index values for several countries, I undertake a systematic study to verify these values for 46 countries with the help of local lawyers. My emphasis is on accuracy of the data; I do not change the original variable definitions. The study leads to a substantial revision: 33 of the 46 observations need to be corrected, and the correlation of corrected and original values is only . 53. With accurate values, the well-known results of La Porta et al. (1997, 1998) no longer hold: accurate index values are neither distributed with significant differences between Common and Civil Law countries nor correlated with stock market size and ownership dispersion. All of the many results derived with the index will have to be revisited.
Time course of insulin action on tissue-specific intracellular glucose metabolism in normal rats

Koopmans, Sietse J., Lawrence Mandarino, and Ralph A. DeFronzo. Time course of insulin action on tissue-specific intracellular glucose metabolism in normal rats. Am. J. Physiol. 274 (Endocrinol. Metab. 37): E642– E650, 1998. —We investigated the time course of insulin action in conscious rats exposed to constant physiological hyperinsulinemia (,100 mU/l) while maintaining euglycemia (,100 mg/dl) for 0, 0.5, 2, 4, 8, or 12 h. [3-3H]glucose was infused to quantitate whole body glucose disposal (rate of disappearance, Rd), glycolysis (generation of H2O in plasma), hepatic glucose production (HGP), and skeletal muscle and liver glycogen synthesis ([3-3H]glucose incorporation into glycogen and time-dependent change in tissue glycogen concentration). The basal Rd, which equals HGP, was 6.0 6 0.3 mg·kg21 ·min21. With increased duration of hyperinsulinemia from 0 to 0.5 to 2 to 4 h, Rd increased from 6.0 6 0.3 to 21.0 6 1.1 to 24.1 6 1.5 to 26.6 6 0.6 mg·kg21 ·min21 (P , 0.05 for 2 and 4 h vs. 0.5 h). During the first 2 h the increase in Rd was explained by parallel increases in glycolysis and glycogen synthesis. From 2 to 4 h the further increase in Rd was entirely due to an increase in glycolysis without change in glycogen synthesis. From 4 to 8 to 12 h of hyperinsulinemia, Rd decreased by 19% from 26.6 6 0.6 to 24.1 6 1.1 to 21.6 6 1.8 mg·kg21 ·min21 (P , 0.05 for 8 h vs. 4 h and 12 h vs. 8 h). The progressive decline in Rd, in the face of constant hyperinsulinemia, occurred despite a slight increase (8–14%) in glycolysis and was completely explained by a marked decrease (64%) in muscle glycogen synthesis. In contrast, liver glycogen synthesis increased fourfold, indicating an independent regulation of muscle and liver glycogen synthesis by long-term hyperinsulinemia. In the liver, during the entire 12-h period of insulin stimulation, the contribution of the direct (from glucose) and the indirect (from C-3 fragments) pathways to net glycogen formation remained constant at 77 6 5 and 23 6 5%, respectively. HGP remained suppressed throughout the 12-h period of hyperinsulinemia.
Please Scroll down for Article Social Neuroscience Mirror Neurons and the Social Nature of Language: the Neural Exploitation Hypothesis Mirror Neurons and the Social Nature of Language: the Neural Exploitation Hypothesis

This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution , reselling , loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material. This paper discusses the relevance of the discovery of mirror neurons in monkeys and of the mirror neuron system in humans to a neuroscientific account of primates' social cognition and its evolution. It is proposed that mirror neurons and the functional mechanism they underpin, embodied simulation, can ground within a unitary neurophysiological explanatory framework important aspects of human social cognition. In particular, the main focus is on language, here conceived according to a neurophenome-nological perspective, grounding meaning on the social experience of action. A neurophysiological hypothesis*the ''neural exploitation hypothesis''*is introduced to explain how key aspects of human social cognition are underpinned by brain mechanisms originally evolved for sensorimotor integration. It is proposed that these mechanisms were later on adapted as new neurofunctional architecture for thought and language, while retaining their original functions as well. By neural exploitation, social cognition and language can be linked to the experiential domain of action.
Chromogranin A Regulation of Obesity and Peripheral Insulin Sensitivity

Chromogranin A (CgA) is a prohormone and granulogenic factor in endocrine and neuroendocrine tissues, as well as in neurons, and has a regulated secretory pathway. The intracellular functions of CgA include the initiation and regulation of dense-core granule biogenesis and sequestration of hormones in neuroendocrine cells. This protein is co-stored and co-released with secreted hormones. The extracellular functions of CgA include the generation of bioactive peptides, such as pancreastatin (PST), vasostatin, WE14, catestatin (CST), and serpinin. CgA knockout mice (Chga-KO) display: (i) hypertension with increased plasma catecholamines, (ii) obesity, (iii) improved hepatic insulin sensitivity, and (iv) muscle insulin resistance. These findings suggest that individual CgA-derived peptides may regulate different physiological functions. Indeed, additional studies have revealed that the pro-inflammatory PST influences insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, whereas CST alleviates adiposity and hypertension. This review will focus on the different metabolic roles of PST and CST peptides in insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant models, and their potential use as therapeutic targets.
Hydrochemical characteristics of throughfall and stemflow in a Moso‐bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) forest

To investigate the impacts of the invasion by bamboo on fluxes of nutrients and pollutants, the nutrient/pollutant fluxes and canopy interactions, including neutralization of acidity, leaching and uptake of nitrogen (N), were characterized in conjunction with rainfall partitioning in a Moso‐bamboo (Phyllostachys pubescens) forest. Measurements of precipitation volume, pH, major ions, and silicate (SiO2) in rainfall, throughfall and stemflow were collected weekly in a Moso‐bamboo forest located in Munakata City, Western Japan for 1 year. Results showed that rainfall partitioning into stemflow was larger than that for other types of forest, which may be due to the properties of Moso‐bamboo forest structure, such as a straight and smooth culm. Inorganic N (NO3− + NH4+) and S (SO42−) fluxes of throughfall and stemflow were approximately 1·6 and 1·3 times higher than that of rainfall, respectively. Contribution of stemflow flux to inorganic N and S fluxes to the forest floor was high. This could be due to lower uptake of inorganic N through culm and a higher rainfall partitioning into stemflow than that for other types of forest. The Moso‐bamboo canopy neutralized rainfall acidity, reducing the fluxes of potentially acidifying compounds via throughfall and stemflow. Canopy leaching of K+ was distinctly higher than that of Mg2+ and Ca2+ and could be related to the high mobility of K+ in plant tissues. Cl− and SiO2 were readily leached as for K+. The impact of the invasion by bamboo on nutrient cycling was discussed. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Interchange instability in the presence of the field‐aligned current: Application to the auroral arc formation

[1] We have revisited the ideal MHD interchange instability for the case of the nonaligned gradients of the plasma pressure p and unit magnetic flux tube volume V, i.e., the background field-aligned current (FAC) included. Several possibilities of a directional difference between ∇p and ∇V in the Earth's plasma sheet are considered. The growth of an interchange perturbation leading to the pressure-gradient-driven FAC striation is illustrated through numerical simulation in a simple model of the nightside region 1 FAC by Karty et al. [1984] and Yang et al. [1994]. It is shown that the FAC is being striated by the interchange process on a timescale from minutes to tens of minutes. The application to the quiet time discrete arc formation is discussed.
Looking for Dilmun

The two then went south to the U.A. E. and Oman, where they were the first to excavate and identify the similarly long-lost Magan civilization, which was Dilmun's supplier of the copper ingots transshipped to Ur and elsewhere in Mesopotamia. Bibby’s excavation and identification of Dilmun and Magan clarified the sketchily understood trading relationship among Mesopotamia, Dilmun, Magan, and Meluhha (the Indus Valley civilization, a.k.a. Harappa).