Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Undertaking the Role of Patient Advocate: a longitudinal study of nursing students

Patient advocacy has been claimed as a new role for professional nurses and many codes of ethics for nurses state that they act as patient advocates. Nursing education is faced with the challenge of preparing nurses for this role. In this article we describe the results of a study that considered the tendencies of a cohort of nursing students at the Kocaeli University School of Nursing to act as advocates and to respect patients’ rights, and how their capacities to do so changed (or not) as a result of their nursing education. This longitudinal study used a questionnaire consisting of 10 statements relating to patient care. It was performed both at the start (1998) and at the end (2002) of the nursing training. At the beginning of their course 77 students participated; in the study. After four years, only 55 students participated, the reason for this drop in number being unknown. The questions asked nurses if patients should have: the right to receive health care; the right to participate in the decision-making process about their treatment; the right always to be told the truth; and the right to have access to their own medical records. They were also asked: if quality of life should be a criterion for discontinuing treatment; if patients have the right to die and the right to refuse treatment; if patients should be assisted to die or helped to undergo active euthanasia; and if severely disabled newborn babies should be allowed to die. The student nurses demonstrated considerable insight into contemporary nursing issues and were ready to act as patient advocates. Professional responsibility demands that good nurses advocate strongly for patients’ choices.
Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Measurement in Renal Transplantation

AbstractInterstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy (IF/TA) is a common cause of kidney allograft loss. Several noninvasive techniques developed to assess tissue fibrosis are widely used to examine the liver. However, relatively few studies have investigated the use of elastographic methods to assess transplanted kidneys. The aim of this study was to explore the clinical implications of the acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) technique in renal transplant patients.A total of 91 patients who underwent living donor renal transplantation between September 2010 and January 2013 were included in this prospective study. Shear wave velocity (SWV) was measured by ARFI at baseline and predetermined time points (1 week and 6 and 12 months after transplantation). Protocol biopsies were performed at 12 months.Instead of reflecting IF/TA, SWVs were found to be related to time elapsed after transplantation. Mean SWV increased continuously during the first postoperative year (P < 0.001). In addition, mixed model analysis showed no correlation existed between SWV and serum creatinine (r = −0.2426, P = 0.0771). There was also no evidence of a relationship between IF/TA and serum creatinine (odds ratio [OR] = 1.220, P = 0.7648). Furthermore, SWV temporal patterns were dependent on the kidney weight to body weight ratio (KW/BW). In patients with a KW/BW <3.5 g/kg, mean SWV continuously increased for 12 months, whereas it decreased after 6 months in those with a KW/BW ≥3.5 g/kg.No significant correlation was observed between SWV and IF/TA or renal dysfunction. However, SWV was found to be related to the time after transplantation. Renal hemodynamics influenced by KW/BW might impact SWV values.
An empirical study on the adoption of mobile location-based advertising

Master's Thesis Patrik Järnefelt AN EMPIRICAL STUDY ON THE ADOPTION OF MOBILE LOCATION-BASED ADVERTISING Increasing market penetration of smart phones and mobile broadband subscriptions has created new marketing communication avenues that allow interactive and highly targeted advertising based on individuals' location and contextual environment. However, the factors that guide consumers' adoption of such advertising and consumer perceptions of this new advertising channel are not yet fully understood. This research attempts to bridge this gap. Location-based services are smart phone applications that enable this avenue. The purpose of this study is to understand the factors that influence consumer acceptance and adoption of one specific type of location-based service – location-based advertising – where advertising messages are customized to individuals' location, personal information and interests. Drawing theories from the fields of technology adoption, social psychology, and mobile marketing, ten constructs are identified and a modified conceptual model and hypotheses are built and tested with survey data from 138 individuals. Structural equation modeling is used to test 10 factors that influence consumer adoption of location-based advertising: (1) attitude, (2) social influence, (3) perceived usefulness, (4) perceived ease of use, (5) perceived enjoyment, (6) compatibility (7) incentives, (8) personal innovativeness, (9) privacy issues, (10) Attitude toward advertising in general. The results indicate that enjoyment – as entertainment, fun, and interactive – is the strongest driver that influence individuals' attitude that in turn, is the strongest determinant of behavioral intention to adopt location-based advertising. A strong indirect influence of compatibility, perceived usefulness and incentives to adoption is also found. The relationship between privacy issues and personal innovativeness toward adoption are not statistically significant and therefore, their importance in guiding consumer adoption of location-based advertising cannot be determined based on this research. vaikuttavien tekijöiden testaamiseen: (1) asenne, (2) sosiaalinen vaikute, (3) havaittu hyödyllisyys, (4) havaittu käytön helppous, (5) havaittu viihteellisyys, (6) yhteensopivuus, (7) rahallinen kannuste, (8) henkilökohtainen innovatiivisuus, (9) yksityisyysasiat, ja (10) asenne mainontaan. Tutkimuksen 1. &Introduction& Location-based advertising, in the context of this research, refers to advertising communication where advertising messages are customized based on individuals' spatial, temporal, and personal information. These highly customized advertising messages are communicated to the recipient via application that is downloaded into the recipient's smart phone. The purpose of this study is to understand the factors that influence consumer acceptance and adoption of mobile location-based advertising drawing theories from the fields of technology adoption, social psychology, advertising, mobile marketing and consumer …
Calcium Dynamics, Buffering, and Buffer Saturation in the Boutons of Dentate Granule-Cell Axons in the Hilus

The axons of dentate gyrus granule cells form synapses in the hilus. Ca2+ signaling was investigated in the boutons of these axons using confocal fluorescence imaging. Boutons were loaded with various concentrations of the Ca2+indicator Oregon Green BAPTA-1 by patch-clamping the cell bodies and allowing the dye to diffuse into the axon. Resting free [Ca2+] started at 74 nm, rose to ∼1 μm immediately after an action potential, and then decayed to rest with a time constant of 43 msec (all extrapolated to a dye concentration of zero). Action potential-induced [Ca2+] rises were smaller in larger boutons, consistent with a size-independent Ca2+ channel density of 45/μm2. Action potential-induced [Ca2+] changes varied with dye concentration in a manner consistent with κE ∼20 for the ratio of endogenous buffer-bound Ca2+ to free Ca2+. During trains of action potentials, [Ca2+] increments summed supralinearly by more than that expected from dye saturation. The amount of endogenous Ca2+ buffering declined as [Ca2+] rose, and this saturation indicated a buffer with a dissociation constant of ∼500 nm and a concentration of ∼130 μm. This is similar to the dissociation constant of calbindin-D28K, a Ca2+-binding protein that is abundant in dentate granule cells. Thus, calbindin-D28K is a good candidate for the Ca2+ buffer revealed by these experiments. The saturation of endogenous buffer can generate short-term facilitation by amplifying [Ca2+] changes during repetitive activity. Buffer saturation may also be relevant to the presynaptic induction of long-term potentiation at synapses formed by dentate granule cells.
An Empirical Investigation of Mobile Banking Services Adoption in Pakistan

: Adoption of Information Systems (IS) is receiving increasing attention such that its implications have been closely monitored and studied by the IS management community, industry and professional gatekeepers. Building on previous research regarding the adoption of technology, this paper develops and validates an integrated model of the adoption of mobile banking. The model originates from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) and the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB). This paper intends to offer a preliminary scrutiny of the antecedents of the adoption of mobile banking services in the context of a developing country. Data was collected from Pakistan. The findings showed that an integrated TAM and TPB model greatly explains the adoption intention of mobile banking; and perceived behavioural control and its antecedents play a significant role in predicting adoption Theoretical and managerial implications of findings are presented and discussed
Mutational Specificities of l,3-Bis(2-chloroethyl)-l-nitrosourea and Nitrogen Mustard in the SUP4-0 Gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae1

A collection of 346 mutations arising in the Sl'l'4-n gene of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae following treatment with l,3-bis(2-chloroethylH-nitrosourea (BCNU) or nitrogen mustard was analyzed by DNA sequencing. Both agents induced all possible types of base-pair substi tution as well as deletions and double mutations. The base-pair changes consisted primarily of events at G*C pairs and were distributed through out the gene. However, the distributions differed for the two drugs, and a prominent substitution hotspot was detected for nitrogen mustard. BCNU induced a substantial fraction of deletions the majority of which were recovered at a hotspot encompassing a tract of five G*C pairs. In contrast, nitrogen mustard generated relatively few deletions, but sub stantially more double mutations were recovered than with treatment with BCNU. Neither agent exhibited a preference for contiguous G'C sites, and more than one quarter of the mutations occurred at G*C sites, flanked by VI pairs or at . VI1 pairs indicating that mutagenesis was not restricted to G*C runs. The data indicate that for BCNU and nitrogen mustard, monoadducts may play a role in mutagenesis, and site-specific mutability is influenced by factors in addition to the G*C richness of the sequence involved.
Deliberative Policy Analysis: Collaborative policymaking: governance through dialogue

The Sacramento Water Forum, a group of contentious stakeholders from environmental organizations, business, local government and agriculture, spent five years in an intensive consensus-building process. In 1999 they agreed on a strategy and procedures for managing the limited water supply in northern California's semi-desert. Leaders in the region were sufficiently impressed to set up a similar collaborative policy dialogue around the equally volatile issues of transportation and land use in this fast-growing region. When environmental groups decided to sue the regional transportation agency for not protecting the region's air quality, the business community was ready to pull out of this nascent policy dialogue. They were stopped by a leading businessman and elected official who had been involved in the Water Forum and influenced by this way of working. He told the other business leaders in an eloquent speech, ‘We have no choice. We have to stay at the table. There is no alternative. ’ They accused him of being ‘one of them’, suggesting he had crossed over to the environmentalist side. This businessman told them they were wrong, saying ‘The Water Forum process transformed me. I now understand that collaboration is the only way to solve problems. I do it now in everything I do, including running my business and dealing with my suppliers, employees and customers. ’ The business community stayed with the process and consensus building around transportation got underway . The Water Forum is not unique. A collaborative group known as CALFED, including nineteen state and federal agencies with jurisdiction over California water and dozens of competing stakeholder groups, has been at work since 1995 to resolve issues over the management of California's limited and irregular water supply.
The Undecimated Dual Tree Complex Wavelet Transform and its application to bivariate image denoising using a Cauchy model

The Undecimated Dual Tree Complex Wavelet Transform (UDTCWT) is introduced together with its application to image denoising. The UDT-CWT extends the traditional DT-CWT using the methods of filter upsampling and the removal of downsampling developed for the Undecimated Discrete Wavelet Transform (UDWT). The UDTCWT results in a one-to-one relationship between co-located complex coefficients in all subbands and offers improved lower scale subband localisation together with improved directional selectivity (compared to the UDWT). These properties of the UDT-CWT have been exploited in the presented bivariate shrinkage denoising algorithm and gives quantitative improvements in the application to the denoising of images.
Intelligent Ant-Based Solution to the Application Service Partitioning Problem in a Grid Environment

This paper presents a decentralised multi-agent method based the metaphor of foraging intelligent ants, for solving the problem of application service partitioning onto the execution nodes of the grid environment such that all services of the application satisfy some minimum quality requirements. Fundamentally, this is an NP-hard problem. The proposed algorithms have been rigorously tested and evaluated through extensive simulations on randomly generated application services and grid environment. The results show that intelligent ants perform significantly better than what could be achieved with simple unintelligent random ants
Safety Needs Mediate Stressful Events Induced Mental Disorders

“Safety first,” we say these words almost every day, but we all take this for granted for what Maslow proposed in his famous theory of Hierarchy of Needs: safety needs come second to physiological needs. Here we propose that safety needs come before physiological needs. Safety needs are personal security, financial security, and health and well-being, which are more fundamental than physiological needs. Safety worrying is the major reason for mental disorders, such as anxiety, phobia, depression, and PTSD. The neural basis for safety is amygdala, LC/NE system, and corticotrophin-releasing hormone system, which can be regarded as a “safety circuitry,” whose major behavior function is “fight or flight” and “fear and anger” emotions. This is similar to the Appraisal theory for emotions: fear is due to the primary appraisal, which is related to safety of individual, while anger is due to secondary appraisal, which is related to coping with the unsafe situations. If coping is good, the individual will be happy; if coping failed, the individual will be sad or depressed.
High-$Q$  Fully Reconfigurable Tunable Bandpass Filters

In this paper, the authors present a design technique that enables inter-resonator and external coupling control for high-quality-factor (Q) tunable bandpass filters. The design incorporates low-Q varactors as part of the inter-resonator and external coupling mechanisms without degrading the overall high Q of the original filter. Detailed design methodology and equations are presented to illustrate the concepts. A first-time demonstration of these concepts is presented for a widely tunable high-Q evanescent-mode cavity bandpass filter. The cavities are integrated in a low-loss substrate with commercially available piezoelectric actuators and solid-state varactors for frequency and bandwidth tuning. This technique allows for reduced bandwidth variation over large tuning ranges. As one example, a constant 25-MHz absolute-bandwidth filter in the 0.8-1.43-GHz tuning range with loss that is as low as 1.6 dB is presented as an example. The filter third-order intercept point is between 32.8 and 35.9 dBm over this tuning range. To further show the impact of the technique on high- Q filters, a filter Q that is as high as 750 is demonstrated in the range of 3-5.6 GHz, while using low-Q varactors (Q < 30 at 5 GHz for a 0.4-pF capacitance) to achieve more than 50% reduction in bandwidth variation over the tuning range.
Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nuclease (TALEN)-Mediated CLYBL Targeting Enables Enhanced Transgene Expression and One-Step Generation of Dual Reporter Human Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC) and Neural Stem Cell (NSC) Lines

Targeted genome engineering to robustly express transgenes is an essential methodology for stem cell-based research and therapy. Although designer nucleases have been used to drastically enhance gene editing efficiency, targeted addition and stable expression of transgenes to date is limited at single gene/locus and mostly PPP1R12C/AAVS1 in human stem cells. Here we constructed transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) targeting the safe-harbor like gene CLYBL to mediate reporter gene integration at 38%–58% efficiency, and used both AAVS1-TALENs and CLYBL-TALENs to simultaneously knock-in multiple reporter genes at dual safe-harbor loci in human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and neural stem cells (NSCs). The CLYBL-TALEN engineered cell lines maintained robust reporter expression during self-renewal and differentiation, and revealed that CLYBL targeting resulted in stronger transgene expression and less perturbation on local gene expression than PPP1R12C/AAVS1. TALEN-mediated CLYBL engineering provides improved transgene expression and options for multiple genetic modification in human stem cells.
Exploring the tensions between organisational ethos and stakeholder demand : a case study of a community 'arts and health' social enterprise

This thesis explores the tensions between the ethos and values of third sector organisations and the environment within which they operate. Many third sector organisations have an innovative, flexible, and person-centred way of working, which often results in them being better placed than the state to provide informal services in the field of health and social care. However, a drive towards greater efficiency has compelled organisations to adopt business principles, with the concept of the ‘social enterprise’ being promoted. Organisations are also increasingly subject to regulatory requirements, and are often required to provide compelling evidence that they tangibly benefit the communities that they serve. Critics have argued that this increased statutory influence has prevented third sector organisations from engaging with their communities in an innovative and effective manner. Arts and health projects face particular challenges when responding to statutory pressures. Many projects focus on ‘softer’ outcomes such as improvements to self esteem and confidence, which can be at odds with the kind of evidence demanded by the state. In addition, third sector organisations, including the majority of social enterprises, are largely reliant upon statutory sources of income. They are therefore susceptible to ‘institutional isomorphism’, whereby their structures and procedures are influenced in the direction of dominant stakeholders. While the adoption of social enterprise activity can allow organisations to diversify their sources of income, thereby minimising the possibility of dependency on particular stakeholders, this can create tensions and challenges of its own. Organisations may focus on maximising their surplus, or earned income, to the detriment of their social goals. Drawing on data obtained from an ethnographic case study of a small community-focussed ‘arts and health’ organisation that self-identified as a social enterprise, this thesis explores how the ethos of third sector organisations manifests itself through their day to day workings, discussing the mechanisms by which ethos can be threatened, prioritised, or altered. Important examples of organisational tension that emerged during the period of fieldwork were explored in depth. This thesis utilises a number of concepts and theories, including Foucauldian governmentality, institutional theory, organisational legitimacy, and impression management, to explain the nature of the tensions organisations may face, why these tensions can threaten the third sector ethos, and the ways by which organisations can manage these tensions strategically. This research argues that rather than acquiesce to dominant institutional pressures, organisations often have the means to resist, rework, or negotiate any external demands, thereby maximising the opportunities available to them.
Individual Investor Trading NING ZHU

Individual investors trade stocks in a way very different from what mainstream financial economic theory would predict: they generate too much trading volume and yet obtain belowbenchmark performance. This chapter overviews major 'puzzles' of individual investor trading. The extant literature suggests that behavioral biases and psychological explanations are largely responsible for many of the observed patterns in individual trading. The chapter discusses three aspects of individual investor trading, namely the disposition effect, the local bias, and the ability to learn over trading, followed by a discussion of the costs associated with individual investor trading. INTRODUCTION The extraordinarily high degree of trading in financial markets represents major challenges to the field of finance. The New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) website indicates that the annual share turnover rate in the early 2000s on the NYSE was close to 100 percent, amounting to a total volume of about 350 billion shares per year. Using reasonable estimates of per-trade costs, this implies that the investing public voluntarily pays several billion dollars to financial intermediaries every year. International markets, especially many stock markets in Asia, witness even higher turnovers (Barber, Lee, Liu, and Odean, 2009, Feng and Seasholes, 2004) and trading costs. Such stylized facts are in stark contrast with many theoretical models in finance such as those found in Aumann (1976) and Milgrom and Stokey (1982), which argue that there should be no trading at all.