Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Impact of Childhood Psychological Maltreatment on Interpersonal Schemas and Subsequent Experiences of Relationship Aggression

Abstract The relationships between child psychological maltreatment, interpersonal schemas, and adult relationship aggression were explored in 301 college men and women. Participants completed questionnaires assessing a history of child abuse, current maladaptive schemas, adult intimate partner victimization, and perpetration of adult aggression. Child psychological maltreatment predicted both perpetration and revictimization experiences of adult interpersonal aggression even after controlling for other childhood abuse experiences. The schemas of mistrust, self-sacrifice, and emotional inhibition fully mediated the relationship between child psychological maltreatment and adult intimate partner victimization. The schemas of mistrust, entitlement, emotional inhibition, and insufficient self-control partially mediated the relationship between child psychological maltreatment and one's own perpetration of aggression. Implications for intervening with young adults at risk for relationship aggression are discussed.
Group coping skills program for parents of children with dyslexia and other learning disabilities

Abstract Fifty seven mothers of children aged 6 to 12 with dyslexia or other learning disabilities were randomly allocated to a group coping skills program (n = 32) or a wait‐list control group (n = 25). Parents completed pre‐ and post‐intervention measures of parenting competence, stress, coping skills, and child behaviour/emotional problems. Prior to the program mothers reported high stress levels associated with child and school factors. After the program significant reductions were found for stress, isolation, self‐blame, and greater emotional closeness (attachment) to the child was reported. Significant reductions in child behaviour problems (externalizing behaviours) and moodiness were also found. Child internalizing behaviours remained high with nearly half the parents reporting child emotional problems (withdrawn, somatic complaints, anxiety/depression). Future interventions with families and schools are recommended to prevent children with learning disabilities and their parents experiencing high levels of emotional distress.
Judging situations: On the effortful process of taking dispositional information into account.

How do people draw inferences from others' behavior? Research suggests that it is an effortful process for perceivers to take situational information into account when drawing a dispositional inference. It is proposed that this previous work may reflect perceivers' general difficulty in thinking about alternatives rather than a distinction between how people think dispositionally and how they think situationally. An experiment investigated whether it requires effort for perceivers to take dispositional information into account when drawing a situational inference. Participants viewed a silent videotape of an anxious interviewee with the goal of diagnosing the degree of anxiety provoked by the interview topic. Participants were given either calm or anxious information about the interviewee's personality. Within these conditions, half of the participants were cognitively busy and half were not. Nonbusy participants were able to use information about the target's disposition when drawing situational inferenc.
Cytokeratin Expression in Adenocarcinomas of the Esophagogastric Junction: A Comparative Study of Adenocarcinomas of the Distal Esophagus and of the Proximal Stomach

Adenocarcinomas of the esophagogastric junction form a heterogeneous group of tumors. We aimed to evaluate the value of the expression pattern of cytokeratins 7, 19, and 20 for their diagnosis and classification. A total of 85 cases of adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus and 67 cases of adenocarcinoma of the proximal stomach, defined on strict topographical criteria, were investigated. About 90% of the adenocarcinomas of distal esophagus were positive for cytokeratins 7 and 19, in contrast to <45% of the adenocarcinomas of proximal stomach (p <0.01); 17.6% of the adenocarcinomas of the distal esophagus and 55.2% of the adenocarcinomas of the proximal stomach expressed cytokeratin 20 (p <0.01); and 74.1% of the adenocarcinomas of the distal esophagus and 23.8% of the adenocarcinomas of the proximal stomach had a CK7+/CK20− immunophenotype (p <0.01). In intestinal-type tumors a CK7+/CK20− immunophenotype had a sensitivity of 76.5%, a specificity of 84.5%, and a predictive positive value of 87.3% for the diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the distal esophagus. Cytokeratin patterns are different in adenocarcinomas of the distal esophagus and in adenocarcinomas of the proximal stomach. A CK7+/CK20− pattern is highly suggestive of an esophageal origin and may be helpful for the correct classification of esophagogastric adenocarcinomas.
PIK 3 CA exon 20 mutations as a potential biomarker for resistance to anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies in KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer : a systematic review and meta-analysis

PIK3CA exon 20 mutations as a potential biomarker for resistance to anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies in KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis C. Mao, Z. Y. Yang, X. F. Hu, Q. Chen & J. L. Tang* Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Primary Care, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
Multi-Agent Consensus With Relative-State-Dependent Measurement Noises

In this note, the distributed consensus corrupted by relative-state-dependent measurement noises is considered. Each agent can measure or receive its neighbors' state information with random noises, whose intensity is a vector function of agents' relative states. By investigating the structure of this interaction and the tools of stochastic differential equations, we develop several small consensus gain theorems to give sufficient conditions in terms of the control gain, the number of agents and the noise intensity function to ensure mean square (m.s.) and almost sure (a.s.) consensus and quantify the convergence rate and the steady-state error. Especially, for the case with homogeneous communication and control channels, a necessary and sufficient condition to ensure m.s. consensus on the control gain is given and it is shown that the control gain is independent of the specific network topology, but only depends on the number of nodes and the noise coefficient constant. For symmetric measurement models, the almost sure convergence rate is estimated by the Iterated Logarithm Law of Brownian motions.
The Interaction of Language-Specific and Universal Factors During the Acquisition of Morphophonemic Alternations With Exceptions

Using the artificial language paradigm, we studied the acquisition of morphophonemic alternations with exceptions by 160 German adult learners. We tested the acquisition of two types of alternations in two regularity conditions while additionally varying length of training. In the first alternation, a vowel harmony, backness of the stem vowel determines backness of the suffix. This process is grounded in substance (phonetic motivation), and this universal phonetic factor bolsters learning a generalization. In the second alternation, tenseness of the stem vowel determines backness of the suffix vowel. This process is not based in substance, but it reflects a phonotactic property of German and our participants benefit from this language-specific factor. We found that learners use both cues, while substantive bias surfaces mainly in the most unstable situation. We show that language-specific and universal factors interact in learning.
Non-pharmacological treatments for adult patients with functional constipation: a systematic review protocol

Introduction The aim of this review is to assess the effectiveness, efficacy and safety of non-pharmacological therapies for patients with functional constipation. Methods and analysis We will electronically search OVID MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane library, CINAHL, AMED and ISI web of knowledge without any language restrictions. We will also try to obtain literatures from other sources, such as a hand search of library journals or conference abstracts. After searching and screening of the studies, we will run a meta-analysis of the included randomised-controlled trials. We will summarise the results as risk ratio for dichotomous data and standardised or weighted mean difference for continuous data. Dissemination This systematic review will summarise current evidence for using non-pharmacological therapies to treat functional constipation, and will be disseminated through peer-review publications or conference presentations. Trial registration number PROSPERO 2014: CRD42014006686.
A study on usage of IT and its implications on e-procurement in Indian organisations

Information technology (IT) plays a crucial role in the adoption of e-procurement. This paper reports the findings of a survey carried out in 36 Indian organisations to ascertain the impact of IT on e-procurement practices. The findings of the survey suggests that the deployment of IT in Indian organisations is of a level that can be quite helpful in improving internal business process efficiency such as better inventory control, reduced cost and time and improved customer service. While the organisations seem to have the necessary strength (IT infrastructure and flexibility) for adoption of e-procurement, the technological barriers (security concerns and incompatibility) are still to be surmounted. Internet security concerns, loss of information sharing, and legal legitimacy issues are the three most important factors that needs to be addressed properly for building trust on internet. However a grey area, as identified by the survey is that use of IT by small and medium enterprises is low and it needs to be increased.
Teaching about disability: an ethical responsibility?

This paper claims that identifying, confronting, and changing ableist and oppressive views of disability through adult education is an ethical responsibility for educators. This can be construed as requiring changes to the kind of in‐service education currently provided for professionals in the fields of special education and disability support. It requires a context for both adult educators and students to examine and challenge their assumptions and participate in a process of change leading to the disestablishment of beliefs in ableist superiority. The paper illustrates the effect of some practices, which enable reflection and critique on ableist assumptions while promoting opportunities for disabled and non‐disabled people to get to know one another as both teachers and learners.
Thalamic projections to the primary and secondary somatosensory cortices in cat: Single and double retrograde tracer studies

Single and double retrograde tracer experiments were performed in cats in order to investigate the organization of thalamic neurons projecting to the primary (SI) and secondary (SII) somatosensory cortical areas. In one series of animals, horseradish peroxidase (HRP) was injected in either SI or SII, and the distribution of retrogradely labeled neurons was reconstructed in serial coronal and horizontal sections through the thalamus. In a second series of experiments, cats received injections of HRP in SI and tritiated, enzymatically inactive HRP (3H‐apo‐HRP) in SII of the same hemisphere. The results from these experiments provide more exact information than can be obtained in single tracer experiments with regard to (1) the distribution and number of neurons projecting to both SI and SII by way of axon collaterals and (2) the topographical relationship among populations of thalamic neurons projecting to SI, SII, or both targets.
Comparison of discriminative input and output transformations for speaker adaptation in the hybrid NN/HMM systems

Speaker variability is one of the major error sources for ASR systems. Speaker adaptation estimates speaker speciﬁc models from the speaker independent ones to minimize the mismatch between the training and testing conditions arisen from speaker variabilities. One of the commonly adopted approaches is the transformation based method. In this paper, the discriminative input and output transforms for speaker adaptation in the hybrid NN/HMM systems are compared and further investigated with both structural and data-driven constraints. Experimental results show that the data-driven constrained discriminative transforms are much more robust for unsupervised adaptation.
Effect of Agricultural Feedstock to Energy Conversion Rate on Bioenergy and GHG Emissions

Taiwan is eager to develop renewable energy because it is vulnerable to energy price distortion and ocean level rise. Previous studies show bioenergy technologies can be applied mutually, but pay little attention on feedstocks to energy conversion rate, which has potential influences on policy making in renewable energy and environment. This study employs a price endogenous mathematical programming model to simultaneously simulate the market operations under various feedstocks to energy conversion rates, energy prices, and greenhouse gas (GHG) prices. The result shows pyrolysis-based electricity can reach up to 2.75 billion kWh annually, but it will be driven out at low conversion rate and high GHG price. Pyrolysis plus biochar application will be the optimal option in terms of carbon sequestration. Market valuation on potential threats of extreme weather could have substantial influences on ethanol and renewable electricity generation. To achieve aimed GHG emission reduction and/or bioenergy production, government intervention may be involved to align the market operation with Taiwan’s environmental policy.
Accurate Prediction of Genetic Values for Complex Traits by Whole-Genome Resequencing

Whole-genome resequencing technology has improved rapidly during recent years and is expected to improve further such that the sequencing of an entire human genome sequence for $1000 is within reach. Our main aim here is to use whole-genome sequence data for the prediction of genetic values of individuals for complex traits and to explore the accuracy of such predictions. This is relevant for the fields of plant and animal breeding and, in human genetics, for the prediction of an individual's risk for complex diseases. Here, population history and genomic architectures were simulated under the Wright–Fisher population and infinite-sites mutation model, and prediction of genetic value was by the genomic selection approach, where a Bayesian nonlinear model was used to predict the effects of individual SNPs. The Bayesian model assumed a priori that only few SNPs are causative, i.e., have an effect different from zero. When using whole-genome sequence data, accuracies of prediction of genetic value were >40% increased relative to the use of dense ∼30K SNP chips. At equal high density, the inclusion of the causative mutations yielded an extra increase of accuracy of 2.5–3.7%. Predictions of genetic value remained accurate even when the training and evaluation data were 10 generations apart. Best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) of SNP effects does not take full advantage of the genome sequence data, and nonlinear predictions, such as the Bayesian method used here, are needed to achieve maximum accuracy. On the basis of theoretical work, the results could be extended to more realistic genome and population sizes.
Prospective Chemists’ and Pre-service Chemistry Teachers’ Views about Science-Technology-Society (STS) Issues/Stavovi budućih kemičara i budućih nastavnika kemije o problemima znanstveno-tehnološkog društva (ZTD)

Abstract The present study aims to investigate the views of prospective chemists and pre-service chemistry teachers about science-technology-society (STS) issues, attempting to examine the differences between these views. A questionnaire that included 4 open-ended questions was distributed to 67 senior university students to determine what their views were on STS issues. The data was collected from the students’ written responses to the open-ended questions. The data gathered from the two groups of students was analyzed qualitatively from the perspective of responding to the research questions. It was observed that while prospective chemists mostly defined science from epistemological and philosophical perspectives, pre-service chemistry teachers frequently explained science from epistemological and pedagogical perspectives. The results revealed that the meanings of science and technology in the minds of the students in both groups showed some important differences in this sample. Additionally, students in both groups stated that science and technology affected society both negatively and positively. Key words: science-technology-society (STS); prospective chemists; pre-service chemistry teachers --- Sažetak Cilj ovoga rada bio je istražiti stajalista buducih kemicara i buducih nastavnika kemije o problemima znanstveno-tehnoloskog drustva (ZTD), s pokusajem razmatranja razlika u njihovim stajalistima. Upitnik koji se sastojao od 4 pitanja otvorenoga tipa podijeljen je skupini od 67 studenata u visim godinama studija kako bi se odredila njihova stajalista o problemima ZTD-a. Podatci su prikupljeni iz odgovora studenata na pitanja otvorenoga tipa. Podatci koji su prikupljeni od dviju skupina studenata analizirani su kvantitativno iz perspektive odgovora na zadana pitanja. Uoceno je da buduci kemicari uglavnom definiraju znanost iz epistemoloske i filozofske perspektive, a buduci nastavnici kemije ucestalo objasnjavaju znanost iz epistemoloske i pedagoske perspektive. Rezultati su otkrili da se znacenje znanosti i tehnologije kod studenata iz obje skupine u proucenom uzorku bitno razlikuju. Nadalje, studenti u obje skupine ustvrdili su da znanost i tehnologija utjecu na drustvo na negativan i pozitivan nacin. Kljucne rijeci: znanstveno-tehnolosko drustvo (ZTD); buduci kemicari; buduci nastavnici kemije
Improving MapReduce Performance in Heterogeneous Environments

MapReduce is emerging as an important programming model for large-scale data-parallel applications such as web indexing, data mining, and scientific simulation. Hadoop is an open-source implementation of MapReduce enjoying wide adoption and is often used for short jobs where low response time is critical. Hadoop's performance is closely tied to its task scheduler, which implicitly assumes that cluster nodes are homogeneous and tasks make progress linearly, and uses these assumptions to decide when to speculatively re-execute tasks that appear to be stragglers. In practice, the homogeneity assumptions do not always hold. An especially compelling setting where this occurs is a virtualized data center, such as Amazon's Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2). We show that Hadoop's scheduler can cause severe performance degradation in heterogeneous environments. We design a new scheduling algorithm, Longest Approximate Time to End (LATE), that is highly robust to heterogeneity. LATE can improve Hadoop response times by a factor of 2 in clusters of 200 virtual machines on EC2.
Effects of increases in the inspired oxygen fraction on brain surface oxygen pressure fields in pig and man

In six patients undergoing neurosurgical operation, brain surface oxygen pressure was studied during an increase of the inspired oxygen fraction (Fio2). The eight‐channel oxygen surface electrode (MDO‐electrode) was placed directly on the brain cortex. Fio2 was increased to four levels, from baseline level 0.21 to 0.3, 0.5, 0.7 and 1.0, respectively. During these four stages and Fio2 0.21, brain surface oxygen pressure (Pto2) was measured. The physiological variables such as blood pressure, Paco2, pH and temperature were stable throughout the study. The results are presented as mean values ± s.d. and a Pto2 histogram for each Fio2‐level. Already at an Fio2 of 0.3 (at a Pao2 of 16.3 ± 3.4 kPa) scattered histograms were seen in five of six patients. A scattered histogram indicates disturbed microcirculation. At the Fio2 levels of 0.5, 0.7 and 1.0, all histograms were scattered. The Pto2 values did not increase proportionally to Pao2 at Fio2 levels 0.3, 0.5 or 0.7. But at Fio2 1.0 four patients had normal mean Pto2 values and two patients very high mean Pto2 values. It is possible that the four patients with normal Pto2 values succeeded in regulating the cerebral microcirculation as a response to the high Fio2 leading to a high Pao2 (60.1 ± 6.4 kPa). The same study was initially done on six pigs in which the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was also measured. MDO‐electrode measurements at different Fio2‐levels gave the same results as in the patients. rCBF decreased when Fio2 was increased.
Visuospatial working memory in adolescents with poor performance in mathematics: variation depending on reading skills

The first purpose of this study was to investigate whether the visuospatial working memory (VSWM) skills of 15–16‐year‐old pupils with difficulties in mathematics differ from those of their normally achieving peers. The goal was to broaden the view of the complex system of VSWM. A set of passive and active VSWM tasks was used. The study’s second purpose was to investigate whether pupils with mathematical difficulties differed in their VSWM skills based on whether they had signs of reading deficits or not. Results indicate that the pupils with poor performance in maths showed poorer performance on certain VSWM tasks. The group with deficits only in maths had less capacity for storing passive visual simultaneous information, while the group with difficulties both in maths and reading had deficits in both storing (passive visual and visuospatial information) and processing, and had less ability to control irrelevant visuospatial information compared to their peers of the same age. The results indicate a general VSWM deficit in pupils with both mathematics and reading problems and a specific VSWM deficit in pupils with only mathematics problems.
Gene Expression Atlas update—a value-added database of microarray and sequencing-based functional genomics experiments

Gene Expression Atlas (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/gxa) is an added-value database providing information about gene expression in different cell types, organism parts, developmental stages, disease states, sample treatments and other biological/experimental conditions. The content of this database derives from curation, re-annotation and statistical analysis of selected data from the ArrayExpress Archive and the European Nucleotide Archive. A simple interface allows the user to query for differential gene expression either by gene names or attributes or by biological conditions, e.g. diseases, organism parts or cell types. Since our previous report we made 20 monthly releases and, as of Release 11.08 (August 2011), the database supports 19 species, which contains expression data measured for 19 014 biological conditions in 136 551 assays from 5598 independent studies.