Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Derivation of Domain Test Scenarios from Activity Diagrams1

Requirements are often reported as not suitable for testing, because they are, for instance, incomplete. We argue in this paper for early steps in requirements engineering to ensure the testability of requirements in the context of product families. This paper describes the early derivation of test scenarios from use cases represented as activity diagrams. Use cases are often supplemented with activity diagrams if the control structure of the use case includes loops or branches. The use of activity diagrams allows defining a coverage criterion to ensure a particular degree of completeness of the test scenarios. The approach described in this paper is intended for use cases at the domain engineering level. It is discussed how variability in these use cases can be captured in activity diagrams, and, most important, how to address variability while deriving test scenarios so that a particular degree of completeness is reached. For this purpose, we adapt the existing branch coverage criterion to the needs of product families and provide an operational procedure that helps in deriving a set of test scenarios that fulfills our extended coverage criterion. Eventually, the derivation of test scenarios gives an early feedback to the requirements engineer when performed from the tester’s perspective. This increases the requirements quality.
90‐yttrium‐ibritumomab tiuxetan consolidation of fludarabine, mitoxantrone, rituximab in intermediate/high‐risk follicular lymphoma: updated long‐term results after a median follow‐up of 7 years

Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) after an induction phase with conventional chemoimmunotherapy became an attractive strategy of consolidation for patients with advanced follicular lymphoma: in particular, in many studies RIT was represented by yttrium‐90‐ibritumomab tiuxetan (90Y‐IT). Independently by the different front‐line treatment, updates on the long‐term follow‐up of these studies are needed because the disease course of follicular lymphoma is characterised by multiple relapses and progressively shorter durations of response. We report updated long‐term efficacy and toxicity results of a multicenter phase II study on sequential treatment with four cycles of fludarabine, mitoxantrone, and rituximab followed by 90Y‐IT as front‐line therapy for untreated patients with intermediate/high‐risk follicular lymphoma. With a median follow‐up of 84 months, only 19/49 (38.8%) complete response patients relapsed, yielding an estimated long‐term disease‐free survival of 62.6%. The 7‐year overall survival was 72.7%. Four (7.3%) second acute myeloid leukemia occurred, with a median time following RIT of 42 months. A relevant patients' responsiveness to subsequent therapies occurred: approximately 65% of relapsed patients obtained a good clinical response after the second‐line treatment. These data represented the first evidence of a real role even in the long period of 90Y‐IT after a fludarabine‐containing regimen plus rituximab in the treatment of high‐risk follicular lymphoma.
Participatory sensemaking An enactive approach to social cognition

As yet, there is no enactive account of social cognition. This paper extends the enactive concept of sense-making into the social domain. It takes as its departure point the process of interaction between individuals in a social encounter. It is a well-established finding that individuals can and generally do coordinate their movements and utterances in such situations. We argue that the interaction process can take on a form of autonomy. This allows us to reframe the problem of social cognition as that of how meaning is generated and transformed in the interplay between the unfolding interaction process and the individuals engaged in it. The notion of sense-making in this realm becomes participatory sense-making. The onus of social understanding thus moves away from strictly the individual only.
A Multiple-Supplier-Multiple-Buyer Collaborative Supply Chain Model Considering Information Sharing Investment Using Genetic Algorithm Solutions

In practice, supplier-buyer integration is crucial for business success, and information sharing is a key strategy for achieving integration. Information sharing is closely related to supplier pricing and buyer order quantity. Therefore, this study extends the single-supplier-singlebuyer production-inventory model to a multiple-supplier-multiple-buyer inventory model, also known as a multiple-supplier-multiple-buyer collaborative supply chain model, to identify the optimal replenishment policy considering information sharing investments. The decision variables include information sharing investment costs, delivery frequencies, and delivery lot sizes. This study employs genetic algorithms (GAs) to solve problems. We first analyzed the GA parameters to compare the execution time and the solution quality of various population size to determine the population size in the algorithm parameters. Because genetic algorithm crossover and mutation rates affect the solution quality, parameter analysis must pair the crossover rates with mutation rates. Using selected GA parameters for solution, we analyzed the sensitivity of the model parameters to understand how variations in the model parameters affect the related total costs. In the tests, five calculations are performed for each pair. The results of sensitivity analysis show that suppliers must reduce variable costs, including purchase, indirect, and material handling costs, to obtain significantly lower total costs and show that decreases in buyers’ fixed transportation costs per delivery also result in significant declines in buyers’ costs. This study period is from January to December 2011.
Analytical Performance of M-ary TH-PPM UWB Systems with Multiple Users

In this paper, the authors derive a symbol error rate expression for the M-ary TH-PPM UWB system under the interference from multiple users. Monte Carlo simulations are then used to validate the analytical solutions. Moreover, the analytical results are compared to those found by Gaussian approximation. The authors further show that compared to a binary system, M-ary systems can produce better error performance.
Loneliness as the Cause and the Effect of Problematic Internet Use: The Relationship between Internet Use and Psychological Well-Being

The current research started from the assumption that one of the major motives driving individuals' Internet use is to relieve psychosocial problems (e.g., loneliness, depression). This study showed that individuals who were lonely or did not have good social skills could develop strong compulsive Internet use behaviors resulting in negative life outcomes (e.g., harming other significant activities such as work, school, or significant relationships) instead of relieving their original problems. Such augmented negative outcomes were expected to isolate individuals from healthy social activities and lead them into more loneliness. Even though previous research suggests that social use of the Internet (e.g., social networking sites, instant messaging) could be more problematic than entertainment use (e.g., downloading files), the current study showed that the former did not show stronger associations than the latter in the key paths leading to compulsive Internet use.
Modular verification of web services using efficient symbolic encoding and summarization

We propose a novel method for modular verification of web service compositions. We first use symbolic fixpoint computations to derive conditions on the incoming messages and relations among the incoming and outgoing messages of individual BPEL web services. These pre- and post-conditions are accumulated and serve as a repository of summarizations of individual web services. We then compose the summaries of the invoked BPEL services to model external invocations, resulting in a scalable verification approach for web service compositions. Our technical contributions include (1) an efficient symbolic encoding for modeling the concurrency semantics of systems having both multi-threading and message passing, and (2) a scalable method for summarizing concurrent processes that interact with each other using synchronous message passing, along with a modular framework that utilizes these summaries for scalable verification.
THE RACE AGAINST TIME

Abstract In this paper I argue that time is a social determinant of health, and one that perpetuates racial health inequalities. Specifically, Black people in the United States experience time losses across numerous domains throughout the life course, putting them at risk of disproportionate morbidity and mortality. Fundamental cause theory holds that social conditions structure health through pathways to resources including money, knowledge, power, prestige, freedom, and social networks. Racialized time indirectly harms health by disrupting or denying access to these flexible resources and by undoing utility among those that are obtained. Racialized time harms health directly when it produces stress and exacerbates conditions of racial subordination. I examine racialized time in three categories: 1) Black people spending too much time to meet basic needs; 2) Black people having less time spent on them than is required; and 3) lost years of (good quality of) life. Linkages between time and health disadvantage exist in material resources, interactions with the state, intimate lives, public space, and cognitive processes.
Per-queue stability analysis of a random access system

We have extended our previous studies (2000) of the system stability of buffered ALOHA systems to study an individual queue's stability, i.e., per-queue stability. The main result obtained in this work is a necessary and sufficient per-queue stability condition, which can be computed analytically only for several cases. For other incomputable cases, we evaluated several inner and outer bounds. They are generally quite tight for not-so-asymmetric systems.
Deep Atmospheric Response to the North Pacific Oceanic Subtropical Front in Spring

Abstract The North Pacific subtropical front (STF) is a zone of high sea surface temperature (SST) gradients located around 25°N in the western basin and is most pronounced in spring. The STF’s atmospheric effects are investigated using satellite observations and an atmospheric reanalysis. During April–May along the STF, surface wind stress curl turns weakly cyclonic in the general background of anticyclonic curls. Atmospheric column-integrated water vapor displays a pronounced meridional maximum along this surface trough, suggesting a deep vertical structure. Cyclonic wind curls occur intermittently at intervals of a few days along the STF in subsynoptic low pressure systems accompanying larger, synoptic highs in the main storm track to the north. In the subsynoptic surface lows, convective rain takes place with deep upward motion moistening the entire troposphere. The lows are enhanced by condensational heating, leading to the formation of weak cyclonic wind curls. The lows display vertical structure ch.
The Sexual Use of a Social Networking Site: The Case of Pup Twitter

This article examines how Twitter has been adopted and used by a sexual subculture in distinct ways. Drawing on interviews with 26 gay and bisexual men based in the UK who identify as ‘pups’, it demonstrates how a kinky sexual subculture exists on a social networking site in new and innovative ways, adapting various elements of Twitter to form a unique subculture that I call ‘Pup Twitter’. Engaging with debates about social trends related to sexuality, as well as contemporary understandings of social networking sites, the study documents how this subcultural sexual community, while predating Twitter, has adopted online methods to enhance communication, engagement, and even visibility. The intersection of sexuality and social networking sites is an area ripe for further study, and this article develops empirical and conceptual ways to examine this issue in the future.
Determinants of Whistleblowing Intention: Evidence from the South Korean Government

ABSTRACT In 2001, the South Korean government passed the Anti-Corruption Act, which provides whistleblower protection in the public sector. The system of protections and rewards was strengthened in 2011 by the Act on the Protection of Public Interest Whistleblowers. Although these laws ensure immunity—and even financial incentives—for whistleblowers, whistleblowing is still not a straightforward task. Based on a survey of 5,706 public officials in central government, this article examines how a range of factors influence whistleblowing intention: attitude, knowledge, colleague support, organizational support, and protection against retaliation. A number of demographic variables relating to gender expression, marital status, length of tenure, duty, and position type are used as controls. The results of the ordered probit regression analysis show that all of the independent variables have a significant positive effect on whistleblowing intention. However, colleague support and organizational support have the biggest effects, while perceived protection against retaliation has the smallest. This suggests that there is a need for future government efforts to build upon the available legal protections by focusing on creating a supportive culture among colleagues and in the organization more generally.
Capacity Of Wireless Ad Hoc Networks , A Survey

Recent years have seen the burgeon of wireless Ad hoc networks, devices with wireless interfaces can be connected to each other in pure ad hoc fashion or through infrastructures. As one of the most basic concerns, the capacity of such networks have received much attention from the researchers, especially after the pioneer works done by Gupta and Kumar [1]. Current researches generally follow either of the two tracks, one is the theoretical track, which meanly concern what is the theoretical bounds of the capacity, or in other words, how fast the data can be sent from source nodes to their destinations in such networks. They strive to find both upper and lower bounds and these results may serve as guidelines on evaluating how good a real network is. The other track emphasizes more on the practical aspects, which concentrates on constructing optimal scheduling mechanisms to achieve the theoretical bound, although capacity is not necessarily the only goal of optimization. In fact, it has been found recently that capacity is in fact in contradict with other optimization goals such as connectivity [46], delay [43] and fairness [47]. In this survey, we will mainly follow the theoretical track and put great emphasise on the models used to facilitate analysis in state of art works.
Borna Disease Virus Infection Impairs Synaptic Plasticity

ABSTRACT The mechanisms whereby Borna disease virus (BDV) can impair neuronal function and lead to neurobehavioral disease are not well understood. To analyze the electrophysiological properties of neurons infected with BDV, we used cultures of neurons grown on multielectrode arrays, allowing a real-time monitoring of the electrical activity across the network shaped by synaptic transmission. Although infection did not affect spontaneous neuronal activity, it selectively blocked activity-dependent enhancement of neuronal network activity, one form of synaptic plasticity thought to be important for learning and memory. These findings highlight the original mechanism of the neuronal dysfunction caused by noncytolytic infection with BDV.
Complex Behavioral Strategy and Reversal Learning in the Water Maze without NMDA Receptor-Dependent Long-Term Potentiation

Successful performance of the water maze task requires that rats learn complex behavioral strategies for swimming in a pool of water, searching for and interacting with a hidden platform before its spatial location can be learned. To evaluate whether NMDA receptor-dependent long-term potentiation (NMDA-LTP) is required for learning the required behavioral strategies, rats with NMDA-LTP blocked by systemic pharmacological treatment were trained in the behavioral strategies using simplified and stepwise training methods. Despite the blockade of NMDA-LTP in the dentate gyrus and hippocampal area CA1, rats learned the required behavioral strategies and used them to learn both initial and reversed platform locations. This is the first evaluation of the role of NMDA-LTP specifically in behavioral strategy learning. Although hippocampal NMDA-LTP might contribute to the water maze task, this form of LTP is not essential for learning complex behavioral strategies or multiple hidden platform locations.
The Choice of Payment Schemes: Australian Establishment Data

We use Australian establishment data to estimate the determinants of incentive schemes. Hypotheses are drawn from the new economics of personnel and the strategic choice literatures. Larger firms are more likely to use individual schemes such as piece rates. Firms where female workers predominate or those facing stiff product market competition are more likely to use both piece rates and profit sharing. We also isolate the effects of monitoring, job security, and the industrial relations climate.
BER performance limitation of an optical link with multicore fiber (MCF) due to crosstalk caused by mutual coupling among the cores

Analysis is presented for an optical link by using a multicore fiber (MCF) considering the effect of mutual coupling among the fiber cores which results in optical crosstalk. Analysis is carried out to find the optical crosstalk power at the output of the multicore fiber (MCF) and the photocurrents due to optical signal and crosstalk at the output of the receiver low pass filter. The signal to crosstalk plus noise ratio (SCNR) and the bit error rate (BER) are then determined for a given data rate. The results show that there is significant amount of optical crosstalk at the output of the multicore fiber (MCF) and thus limits the maximum allowable transmission length at a given data rate. Further, crosstalk is found to be dependent on optical carrier wavelength and crosstalk is found to be minimum at certain wavelengths for a given number of cores of multicore fiber (MCF).
Graph-Theoretic Methods for Measurement-Based Input Localization in Large Networked Dynamic Systems

In this paper, we consider the problem of localizing disturbance inputs in first-order linear time-invariant (LTI) consensus networks using measurement-based graph-theoretic methods. We consider every node and edge of the network graph to be characterized with physical weights, and show that the resulting system dynamics can be represented in terms of an asymmetric Laplacian matrix Lm. Assuming the network graph to be divided into p coherent clusters, we next propose an input localization algorithm based on the properties of the weak nodal domains corresponding to the first p-1 slow eigenvalues of Lm. The algorithm takes in sensor measurements of the states from selected nodes, runs a system identification routine to construct the input-output transfer matrix, and compares the signs of the residues of the component transfer functions to a nominal localization key to determine in which cluster(s)the disturbance input may have entered. We prove that for systems defined over a specific class of graphs, referred to as p-area complete graphs, the localization is unique. We also state the extension of this result for second-order synchronization networks. We illustrate the algorithms by applying them to large-scale power system networks.
Degradation of Bunker C Fuel Oil by White-Rot Fungi in Sawdust Cultures Suggests Potential Applications in Bioremediation

Fungal lignocellulolytic enzymes are promising agents for oxidizing pollutants. This study investigated degradation of Number 6 “Bunker C” fuel oil compounds by the white-rot fungi Irpex lacteus, Trichaptum biforme, Phlebia radiata, Trametes versicolor, and Pleurotus ostreatus (Basidiomycota, Agaricomycetes). Averaging across all studied species, 98.1%, 48.6%, and 76.4% of the initial Bunker C C10 alkane, C14 alkane, and phenanthrene, respectively were degraded after 180 days of fungal growth on pine media. This study also investigated whether Bunker C oil induces changes in gene expression in the white-rot fungus Punctularia strigosozonata, for which a complete reference genome is available. After 20 days of growth, a monokaryon P. strigosozonata strain degraded 99% of the initial C10 alkane in both pine and aspen media but did not affect the amounts of the C14 alkane or phenanthrene. Differential gene expression analysis identified 119 genes with ≥ log2(2-fold) greater expression in one or more treatment comparisons. Six genes were significantly upregulated in media containing oil; these genes included three enzymes with potential roles in xenobiotic biotransformation. Carbohydrate metabolism genes showing differential expression significantly accumulated transcripts on aspen vs. pine substrates, perhaps reflecting white-rot adaptations to growth on hardwood substrates. The mechanisms by which P. strigosozonata may degrade complex oil compounds remain obscure, but degradation results of the 180-day cultures suggest that diverse white-rot fungi have promise for bioremediation of petroleum fuels.
The Milky Way in X-rays for an outside observer

A method of simultaneous production of phthalic anhydride and anthraquinone, consisting in a vapour-phase oxidation of a stock material which is a mixture of naphthalene and anthracene by atmospheric oxygen in a stationary bed of a vanadium catalyst. The oxidation is carried out at a space rate of feed of said mixture equal to 50-120 g/hour per litre of the catalyst and at a stock-to-air ratio of 0.03-0.08 g/litre.
Improvements in health-related quality of life with belimumab, a B-lymphocyte stimulator-specific inhibitor, in patients with autoantibody-positive systemic lupus erythematosus from the randomised controlled BLISS trials

Objective Assess the effects of belimumab treatment plus standard systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) therapy on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with active, autoantibody-positive SLE. Methods Patients received standard therapy plus placebo or belimumab 1 or 10 mg/kg in two multicentre, randomised controlled trials of 52 (BLISS-52; N=865) and 76 (BLISS-76; N=819) weeks’ duration. Responders were evaluated by SLE Responder Index at week 52. Patient-reported outcome assessments included SF-36, Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy (FACIT)-Fatigue, and EQ-5D. Results Mean SF-36 Physical Component Summary (PCS) scores at week 24 was a major secondary endpoint. Baseline SF-36 scores were 1.5 SDs below age-/sex-matched US norms with similar improvement at week 24 across treatment groups. Mean changes from baseline in PCS scores were significantly (p<0.05) greater with belimumab 1 mg/kg (4.20) and 10 mg/kg (4.18) versus placebo (2.96) in BLISS-52, week 52. In BLISS-76, significantly (p<0.05) greater improvements were seen with belimumab 1 mg/kg in PCS (belimumab 1 mg/kg=4.37, 10 mg/kg=3.41 vs placebo=2.85) and Mental Component Summary (MCS) scores (belimumab 1 mg/kg=3.14, 10 mg/kg=2.70 vs placebo=1.40) at week 52, and in MCS score at week 76 (belimumab 1 mg/kg=3.05, 10 mg/kg=2.28 vs placebo=1.36). In pooled analysis, significantly greater improvements in PCS, SF-36 vitality domain, and FACIT-Fatigue scores at week 52 were evident with both belimumab doses. Conclusions The clinically meaningful improvements in HRQOL in autoantibody-positive patients with active SLE treated with belimumab and standard therapy are consistent with the reductions in disease activity observed in these trials. ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00424476, NCT00410384.