Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Selective Decrease of Components of the Creatine Kinase System and ATP Synthase Complex in Chronic Chagas Disease Cardiomyopathy

Background Chronic Chagas disease cardiomyopathy (CCC) is an inflammatory dilated cardiomyopathy with a worse prognosis than other cardiomyopathies. CCC occurs in 30 % of individuals infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, endemic in Latin America. Heart failure is associated with impaired energy metabolism, which may be correlated to contractile dysfunction. We thus analyzed the myocardial gene and protein expression, as well as activity, of key mitochondrial enzymes related to ATP production, in myocardial samples of end-stage CCC, idiopathic dilated (IDC) and ischemic (IC) cardiomyopathies. Methodology/Principal Findings Myocardium homogenates from CCC (N = 5), IC (N = 5) and IDC (N = 5) patients, as well as from heart donors (N = 5) were analyzed for protein and mRNA expression of mitochondrial creatine kinase (CKMit) and muscular creatine kinase (CKM) and ATP synthase subunits aplha and beta by immunoblotting and by real-time RT-PCR. Total myocardial CK activity was also assessed. Protein levels of CKM and CK activity were reduced in all three cardiomyopathy groups. However, total CK activity, as well as ATP synthase alpha chain protein levels, were significantly lower in CCC samples than IC and IDC samples. CCC myocardium displayed selective reduction of protein levels and activity of enzymes crucial for maintaining cytoplasmic ATP levels. Conclusions/Significance The selective impairment of the CK system may be associated to the loss of inotropic reserve observed in CCC. Reduction of ATP synthase alpha levels is consistent with a decrease in myocardial ATP generation through oxidative phosphorylation. Together, these results suggest that the energetic deficit is more intense in the myocardium of CCC patients than in the other tested dilated cardiomyopathies.
On the Replication of Positivist Case Study Research

A major characteristic that is often said to distinguish the scientific method from other approaches to knowledge is its objectivity. Conducting replication studies allows for critically testing of objectivity and therefore significantly contributes to scientific progress. This article deals with the nature of replicating positivist case study research and outlines that the replication of case studies—if conducted well—may result in both (i) critical test of existing findings and (ii) groundbreaking discovery of new scopes of validity of existing theories. In this article, at the beginning philosophy of science considerations are used to substantiate the importance of replication research for scientific progress in the IS discipline. Afterward, well-known case study replication concepts by Yin (2003) and Lee (1989) as well as more general remarks from the behavioral, social, and administrative sciences are taken into consideration and then integrated in order to develop a set of positivist case study replication strategies.
Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Atmospheric Hulis: How Humic-like Are They? a Comprehensive and Critical Review

A class of organic molecules extracted from atmospheric aerosol particles and isolated from fog and cloud water has been termed HUmic-LIke Substances (HULIS) due to a certain resemblance to terrestrial and aquatic humic and fulvic acids. In light of the interest that this class of atmospheric compounds currently attracts, we comprehensively review HULIS properties, as well as laboratory and field investigations concerning their formation and characterization in atmospheric samples. While sharing some important features such as polyacidic nature, accumulating evidence suggests that atmospheric HULIS differ substantially from terrestrial and aquatic humic substances. Major differences between HULIS and humic substances, including smaller average molecular weight, lower aromatic moiety content, greater surface activity, better droplet activation ability, as well as others, are highlighted. Several alternatives are proposed that may explain such differences: (1) the possibility that mono-and di-carboxylic acids and mineral acids abundant in the atmosphere prevent the formation of large humic " supramolecular associations " ; (2) that large humic macromolecules are destroyed in the atmosphere by UV radiation , O 3 , and OH − radicals; 3) that " HULIS " actually consists of a complex, unresolved mixture of relatively small molecules rather than macromolecular entities; and (4) that HULIS formed via abiotic and short-lived oxidative reaction pathways differ substantially from humic substances formed over long time periods via biologically-mediated reactions. It should also be recalled that the vast majority of studies of HULIS relate to the water soluble fraction, which would include only the fulvic acid fraction of humic substances, and exclude the humic acid (base-soluble) and humin (insoluble) fractions of humic substances. A significant effort towards adopting standard extraction and characterization methods is required to develop a better and meaningful comparison between different HULIS samples.
Cross-cultural validation of the McGill Quality of Life questionnaire in Hong Kong Chinese

The main focus of palliative care services is to improve patients' quality of life (QOL). The potential value of assessment of QOL in palliative care is being increasingly recognized. The McGill Quality of Life questionnaire (MQOL) is designed specifically for palliative care patients, but its cross-cultural validity needs to be determined before it can be applied in populations of different cultures and ethnic groups. The cross-cultural validity of MQOL was investigated using a translated and modified version in Chinese–the MQOL-HK–in 462 palliative care patients in Hong Kong. Results show that the MQOL-HK is acceptable, valid and reliable. There is good acceptability, construct validity, convergent and divergent validity, test–retest and inter-rater reliability. Our study confirms that QOL does have cross-culturally robust constructs. Principal components analysis shows that the domains of physical, psychological, existential and support are all relevant and applicable in Chinese culture. Multiple regression analysis reveals that existential domain is the most important domain in predicting overall QOL. ‘Face', eating and sex are additional facets of QOL that also need to be considered. The worst physical symptom on admission is the item of QOL with the lowest score, which need more care and attention by palliative care workers. A cross-culturally validated QOL instrument cannot just help ensure an accurate evaluation of profile, determinants, and changes of QOL, but is also a valuable asset for future comparison and evaluation of palliative care services and interventions across the world.
A meta-ethnography of parents’ experiences of their children’s life-limiting conditions

ABSTRACT As many children’s life-limiting illnesses (LLCs) are now often viewed as curable, there is an inevitable tension between providing good treatment and addressing patients and their families’ needs. For health care providers to provide optimal care, they must understand parents’ experiences of illness. Therefore, this article provides a meta-ethnography of parents’ experiences of their children’s LLCs by examining the findings of existing interpretative phenomenological analysis studies. Seventeen studies were included, which allowed the development of a conceptual model. Two multifaceted concepts emerged from the data, namely living in a bounded and polarised space and living in a collapsed time, and these are discussed with reference to their subconcepts. Recommendations for future research and practice are provided.
Inhibition of ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase assembly by antibody to a binding protein

We have developed an assay to monitor in vitro the posttranslational assembly of the chloroplast protein, ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCO). Most of the newly synthesized 55-kD catalytic ("large") subunits of this enzyme occur in a 29S complex together with 60- and 61-kD "binding" proteins. When the 29S complex is incubated with ATP and MgCl2 it dissociates into subunits, and the formerly bound large subunits now sediment at 7S (still faster than expected for a monomer). Upon incubation at 24 degrees C, these large subunits assemble into RuBisCO. The minority of newly made large subunits which are not bound to the 29S complex also sediment at 7S. When endogenous ATP was removed by addition of hexokinase and glucose, the dissociation of the 29S complex was inhibited. Nevertheless, the 7S large subunits assembled into RuBisCO, and did so to a greater extent than in controls retaining endogenous ATP. Thus the 7S large subunits are also assembly competent, at least when ATP is removed. Apparently, in chloroplast extracts, ATP can have a dual effect on the assembly of RuBisCO: on the one hand, even at low concentrations it can inhibit incorporation of 7S large subunits RuBisCO; on the other hand, at higher concentrations it can lead to substantial buildup of the 7S large subunit pool by causing dissociation of the 29S complex, and stimulate overall assembly. At both high and zero concentrations of ATP, however, antibody to the binding protein inhibited the assembly of endogenous large subunits into RuBisCO. Thus it appears that all assembly-competent large subunits are associated with the binding protein, either in the 7S complex or in the 29S complex. The involvement of the binding protein in RuBisCO assembly may represent the first example of non-autonomous protein assembly in higher plants and may pose problems for the genetic engineering of RuBisCO from these organisms.
Spiritual Counseling for Bereaved Parents

Bu derlemede, cocuklarini kaybeden ailelerin psikolojik durumlarinin anlasilmasi, ebeveynlerle birlikte incelenebilen konularin saptanmasi, yasli ebeveynlerle calisirken maneviyatin nasil kullanilabileceginin aciklanmasi ve cocuk yasinin nasil oldugu hakkinda bilgi verilmesi amaclanmistir. Bu calisma ayni zamanda dindar ailelerle birlikte calisilabilecek manevi kaynaklari da icermektedir. Ana amac, bir cerceve olusturmak ve cocuk kaybini yasayan dindar ailelerle birlikte calisacak danismanlara manevi kaynaklar sunarak danismanlik surecine katkida bulunmaktir. Derlemede, yas sureci ve yas teorileri aciklanmaktadir. Yas teorilerinden biri olan anlam yapilandirma modeli temel alinarak tanimlanan konular manevi danismanlik perspektifinden ele alinmaktadir. Ayni zamanda, cocuk kaybi yasamis ailelerle calisirken kullanilabilecek manevi tekniklere de yer verilmistir.
The Emergence of Novel Attributes in Concept Modification

ABSTRACT: An important source of creativity in concept combination is emergence: Novel features are often attributed to a concept combination that are not attributed to either of its constituent concepts. For instance, a Harvard-educated carpenter is judged to be nonmaterialistic, though neither Harvard-educated people nor carpenters in general are thought to be nonmaterialistic. Emergent attributes may thus be considered creative in that they are novel to the combination. This investigation examined 2 linguistic factors believed to promote such emergence. The relevance and typicality of modifiers were inversely related to the emergence of novel attributes, such that irrelevant and atypical modifications increased emergence. Antonymous and anomalous combinations produced the most emergent attributes. The cognitive mechanisms by which novel attributes emerge, and their relation to creative cognition, are discussed.
Errors Are Aversive

The error-related negativity (ERN) is a negative deflection in the event-related potential that is maximal approximately 50 ms after the commission of an error. The ERN is generated in the anterior cingulate cortex, a region of the medial prefrontal cortex implicated in both cognitive and emotional processing. Affective and motivational variables influence the magnitude of the ERN, which suggests that the ERN may relate to emotional or motivational aspects of error detection. In the present study, we evaluated the possibility that errors prime defensive motivational responses, and that the ERN may predict the magnitude of defensive reactivity after errors. We found that (a) the defensive startle response was larger following errors than following correct responses, and (b) the magnitude of the ERN predicted the degree of startle potentiation following errors. Thus, response errors prime defensive motivation—and the ERN predicts individual differences in the aversive response to errors.
UNCERTAIN DURATION OF REFORM

We develop a framework to study the effects of policies of uncertain duration on consumption dynamics under both complete and incomplete markets. We focus on the dynamic implications of market incompleteness, specifically on the lack of state-contingent bonds. Two policies are considered: pure output-increasing and tariff-reducing (trade liberalization). With complete markets, the output-increasing policy leads to flat consumption, whereas with no contingent assets, consumption jumps upward on the announcement of the policy, continues rising as long as the policy is in effect, and collapses when it is abandoned. A similar consumption path obtains in a trade liberalization in the realistic case of low elasticity of substitution and no rebate of tariffs. Market incompleteness rationalizes the existence of gradual changes in consumption.
Developing Firm Capability through IT Resources Deployed in Inter-organizational Relationships

This study attempts to explain how physical and human IT resources deployed in inter-organizational relationships (IORs) affect IT-enabled capabilities of a firm. We classify the IT enabled-capability into two types such as relational-specific knowledge management (RKM) capability and absorptive capacity. In addition, this study suggests that RKM capability and absorptive capacity lead to increased firm performance. Finally, we test the relationship of RKM capability and absorptive capacity. A total of 119 responses were used for analysis. Our results demonstrate that a firm reinforces its capabilities such as RKM capability and absorptive capacity by leveraging physical and human IT resources dedicated in IORs. This implies that IT resources in IORs play a key role in developing further capabilities related to improved firm performance. Furthermore, RKM capability developed in IORs directly affects absorptive capacity of a firm. Thus, firms make a constant effort to develop IT-enabled capabilities beyond the deployment of IT in IORs.
Sustainability and Intergenerational Justice

As temporary custodians of the planet, those who are alive at any given time can do a better or worse job of handing it on to their successors. I take that simple thought to animate concerns about what we ought to be doing to preserve conditions that will make life worth living (or indeed liveable at all) in the future, and especially in the time after those currently alive will have died (‘future generations’). There are widespread suspicions that we are not doing enough for future generations, but how do we determine what is enough? Putting the question in that way leads us, I suggest, towards a formulation of it in terms of intergenerational justice. A methodological principle to which I shall appeal more systematically in section 2 is that we shall make most headway in asking ethical questions about the future if we start by asking them about the present and then see how the results can be extended to apply to the future. The rationale for this procedure is that we are accustomed to thinking about relations among contemporaries and have developed a quite sophisticated apparatus to help us in doing so. We have no similar apparatus to aid our thoughts about relations between people living at different times. Rather than starting from scratch, then, my proposal is that we
The Internet in face-to-face higher education: Can interactive learning improve academic achievement?

Recent research on e-learning shows that blended learning is more effective than face-to-face learning. However, a clear empirical response has not been given to the cause of such improvement. Using a data set of 9044 students at two Catalan universities and a quasi-experimental approach, two possible hypotheses identified in previous research are studied. The results show that the principal cause of the improvement is not, in itself, the increase in time spent online for educational purposes. Rather, increasing the time devoted to studying online is only useful when it takes place as some form of interactive learning. The educational implications of these results are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Utilizing English Pop Songs with Karaoke Application among Young Adults to Enhance Connected Speech Production

The purpose of this study was to investigate the use of English pop songs with karaoke application in an EFL classroom. It aimed to figure out whether using English songs with karaoke application could enhance connected speech production and what the attitudes towards such a technique are. Data collected during the study was through an identical pre-test and post-test, a questionnaire, and an interview. There were 46 first-year students from a renowned university in Southern Thailand who participated in this study. The researcher divided the students into two groups. The control group was taught without the use of English songs or karaoke application, whereas the experimental group with the same instructor, was required to listen to and sing nine English pop songs. Additionally, they were encouraged to use a karaoke application on their smartphones to keep practicing the English songs they had sung. After analyzing the post-test mean scores of both groups by the independent samples t-test, the results showed that their connected speech production after using songs with karaoke application improved significantly (p<.05). The study concluded from the qualitative data that the students accepted this technique as a meaningful activity because it promoted pronunciation, listening and speaking skills, and vocabulary in English. Furthermore, learning English through songs and karaoke application were claimed as a fun and relaxed activity; the students could learn English anywhere and at any time. Keywords: English Pop Songs, Connected Speech Production, Karaoke Application บทคดยอ วจยนมจดประสงคเพอศกษาการใชเพลงภาษาองกฤษแนวปอปรวมกบแอปพลเคชนคาราโอเกะในเรยนการสอนภาษาองกฤษเปนภาษาตางประเทศ และเพอศกษาวาการใชเพลงภาษาองกฤษแนวปอปรวมกบแอปพลเคชนคาราโอเกะสงผลตอการพฒนาการออกเสยงทตอเนองกนในภาษาองกฤษหรอไม อกทงสำรวจทศนคตของการใชเทคนคน ผวจยเกบขอมลผานการทดสอบกอน-หลงการทดลอง แบบสอบถาม และการสมภาษณ ผเขารวมวจยเปนนกศกษาชนปท 1 ทงหมด 46 คน ซงกำลงศกษาในมหาวทยาลยทมชอเสยงแหงหนงในภาคใต ผวจยไดแบงกลมทดลองเปนสองกลม โดยกลมควบคมนนมการเรยนการสอนโดยปราศจากการใชเพลงภาษาองกฤษแนวปอปรวมกบแอปพลเคชนคาราโอเกะ แตในกลมทดลองนน ผเรยนจะไดฟงและฝกรองเพลงภาษาองกฤษแนวปอปทงหมด 9 เพลง นอกจากนนอกชนเรยน ผวจยเชญชวนและสงเสรมใหใชแอปพลเคชนคาราโอเกะในมอถอของผเรยนเองเพอฝกรองเพลงภาษาองกฤษ จากการวเคราะหคาเฉลยการทดสอบหลงการทดลองโดย Independent Sample T-test พบวาความสามารถในการออกเสยงตอเนองกนในภาษาองกฤษของผเรยนเพมขนอยางมนยสำคญทางสถตทระดบ . 05 ผลจากแบบสอบถามสนบสนนวาการใชเพลงภาษาองกฤษแนวปอปรวมกบแอปพลเคชนคาราโอเกะนนเปนวธทมประโยชนตอการฝกออกเสยง ทกษะการฟงการพด และการเรยนรคำศพท ยงไปกวานนผเรยนมความเหนวาเทคนคนเปนกจกรรมในการเรยนการสอนทสนกและเพลดเพลน รวมทงผเรยนยงสามารถเรยนรภาษาองกฤษไดทกททกเวลาอกดวย
Binding proteins in the small world of residue networks

Abstarct: We analyze the network properties of a set of 59 pairs of proteins in their bound and unbound forms. We verify that these "residue networks" are in the "small world" class in their separate forms as well as in complex. We also investigate the different network properties of interface residues compared to those of other surface residues of the complexes. The results point that the average shortest paths of interface residues are in general lower than other surface residues even in their unbound forms. Moreover, the residues that are used in the shortest pathways between the receptor and the ligand are analyzed with the theory of betweenness centrality. When specific weights are assigned to the links in the network, the same pairs of residue types emerge as important hubs when complexation occurs. The calculations are further implemented to decoy structures of 15 of the bound complexes, are further implemented to decoy structures of 15 of the bound complexes, with 10 decoys for each complex. We find the characteristic path length as the most important descriptor for differentiating between decoys and native structures.
Korean English Learners’Use of Lexical Bundles in Speaking

This study explored the role of lexical bundles in the language development of L2 learners; the frequency, structural forms (patterns), and functions of formulaic utterances used by Korean English learners in a controlled environment across different proficiency levels were examined. Conscientious procedures were taken to identify and analyze lexical bundles of L2 learners’ spoken data, since few studies have examined these, while some have compared written data. The oral response of 58 Korean English learners were transcribed and compared across three levels (novice, intermediate, and advanced). This study seemed to confirm the findings of previous studies, in that there could be an upward trend in language development as proficiency increases. It is worth noting the participants used lexical bundles in a limited manner similarly across the three proficiency levels, which was less frequent and less diverse in terms of structural and functional patterns when they had to produce oral data rather than written data. The results can be of significant help for learners to improve their English speaking, and for teachers to diagnose their students’ speaking proficiency effectively, and should thus be integrated in English teaching curricula. The details of the results and implications are provided.
Effects of posture regulation on mood states, heart rate and test performance in children

Abstract This experiment aimed to investigate the effects of seated posture regulation on children’s psychological and physiological state and test performance. Thirty-eight boys (mean age: 12.3 ± 0.53 years) participated in both upright and normal posture conditions in a within-participants design. Participants completed a two-dimensional mood scale to measure psychological mood states and performed three tests (calculation, listening comprehension and word memory). Heart rate, as an index of physiological arousal state, was measured. Upright posture resulted in greater vitality and pleasure, as well as increased heart rate, compared with normal posture. Upright posture also led to significantly higher scores for calculation and listening comprehension tests. Moreover, increases in vitality level positively influenced increases in calculation and listening comprehension test scores. This study suggests that adopting an upright posture results in maintaining a positive psychological state and improving test performance of children.