Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of pattern of rheumatologic and musculoskeletal disorders and their awareness among patients attending rheumatology clinic

Rheumatological disorders are characterized by a wide spectrum of diseases like inflammatory diseases with articular, extra articular and systemic manifestations, degenerative joint and spine diseases, soft tissue rheumatism and metabolic bone diseases still rheumatology is less understood sub-specialty of internal medicine. We planned this study to assess the pattern of rheumatologic and musculoskeletal disorders and their awareness among patients attending newly started rheumatology clinic at Santosh medical college and hospital, Ghaziabad in first 500 new cases. All patients with age 15 years and above with rheumatological diagnosis were included in the study. Detailed history and physical examination done and information regarding the awareness about rheumatological branch, diseases and the commonly used medications like calcium, vitamin D supplements and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) were recorded. Out of first 500 cases 39% cases were of inflammatory joint diseases followed by 22.8% cases of degenerative joint diseases, 15% cases of soft tissue rheumatism, 13.6% cases were of metabolic bone diseases, 8.8% cases of infection related arthritis and 0.8% cases were of benign hypermobility syndrome (BJHS). Among all parameters, awareness about calcium was maximum (42.52%), followed by awareness for vitamin D (23.68%), NSAIDs awareness (21.36%) and least for rheumatology branch (12.32%). Co morbidities were present in 37.4% of cases. Hypertension (7.6% ), anaemia ( 7% ), hypothyroidism (6%), diabetes ( 5.6% ), obesity ( 2.6%), dyslipidaemia (2.4%), vitamin B 12 deficiency ( 2.4%) and metabolic syndrome in 2.2% cases . All cardio metabolic risk factors constituted 20.4% of cases. We conclude that inflammatory joint diseases are most common in a specialised rheumatology clinic, followed by degenerative joint and spine diseases, soft tissue rheumatism, and metabolic bone diseases. Cardio metabolic risk factors are predominately associated with rheumatological patients and therefore we suggest that proactive screening of these factors should be routinely done for prevention of complications. Patients need more and more public awareness programme to increase their knowledge towards the rheumatology branch and commonly used medicines . Training programmes for physicians should be stated in rheumatology at each institution.
Youth Gangs in Indian Country.

In 2001, NYGC developed and implemented the 2000 Survey of Youth Gangs in Indian Country (see “Survey Design and Method” for a detailed discussion of the survey). All federally recognized Indian communities were surveyed to measure the presence, size, and criminal behavior of youth gangs in Indian country. This Bulletin presents data regarding the presence and effect of youth gang activity in Indian country and provides an overview of programmatic responses to the problem. When appropriate, the Bulletin compares findings from this survey to those from a national sample and a subset of jurisdictions that closely resemble Indian country communities in size and geographic location. The survey findings are also compared to relevant contextual data from a field study of gangs in the Navajo Nation (Armstrong et al., 2002).
Building Efficiency and Sustainability in the Tropics ( SinBerBEST ) Title Effect of Gypsum on the Early Hydration of Cubic and Na-Doped Orthorhombic Tricalcium Aluminate

The tricalcium aluminate (C3A) and sulfate content in cement influence the hydration chemistry, setting time and rheology of cement paste, mortar and concrete. Here, in situ experiments are performed to better understand the effect of gypsum on the early hydration of cubic (cub-)C3A and Na-doped orthorhombic (orth-)C3A. The isothermal calorimetry data show that the solid-phase assemblage produced by the hydration of C3A is greatly modified as a function of its crystal structure type and gypsum content, the latter of which induces non-linear changes in the heat release rate. These data are consistent with the in situ X-ray diffraction results, which show that a higher gypsum content accelerates the consumption of orth-C3A and the subsequent precipitation of ettringite, which is contrary to the cub-C3A system where gypsum retarded the hydration rate. These in situ results provide new insight into the relationship between the chemistry and early-age properties of cuband orth-C3A hydration and corroborate the reported ex situ findings of these systems.
Allosteric Communication in the KIX Domain Proceeds through Dynamic Repacking of the Hydrophobic Core

The KIX domain of the transcriptional coactivator CREB binding protein (CBP) co-operatively mediates interactions between transcription factors. Binding of the transcription factor mixed-lineage leukemia (MLL) induces the formation of a low-populated conformer of KIX that resembles the conformation of the KIX domain in the presence of a second transcription factor molecule. NMR spin relaxation studies have previously shown that allosteric coupling proceeds through a network of hydrophobic core residues that bridge the two binding sites. Here we describe high-resolution NMR solution structures of the binary complex of KIX with MLL and the ternary complex of KIX formed with MLL and phosphorylated kinase inducible domain of CREB (pKID) as a second ligand. We show that binding of pKID to the binary complex of KIX with MLL is accompanied by a defined repacking of the allosteric network in the hydrophobic core of the protein. Rotamer populations derived from methyl group 13C chemical shifts reveal a dynamic contribution to the repacking process that is not captured by the structural coordinates and exemplify the dynamic nature of allosteric communication in the KIX domain.
Edge Contrast of the FLAIR Hyperintense Region Predicts Survival in Patients with High-Grade Gliomas following Treatment with Bevacizumab

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Treatment with bevacizumab is standard of care for recurrent high-grade gliomas; however, monitoring response to treatment following bevacizumab remains a challenge. The purpose of this study was to determine whether quantifying the sharpness of the fluid-attenuated inversion recovery hyperintense border using a measure derived from texture analysis—edge contrast—improves the evaluation of response to bevacizumab in patients with high-grade gliomas. MATERIALS AND METHODS: MRIs were evaluated in 33 patients with high-grade gliomas before and after the initiation of bevacizumab. Volumes of interest within the FLAIR hyperintense region were segmented. Edge contrast magnitude for each VOI was extracted using gradients of the 3D FLAIR images. Cox proportional hazards models were generated to determine the relationship between edge contrast and progression-free survival/overall survival using age and the extent of surgical resection as covariates. RESULTS: After bevacizumab, lower edge contrast of the FLAIR hyperintense region was associated with poorer progression-free survival (P = .009) and overall survival (P = .022) among patients with high-grade gliomas. Kaplan-Meier curves revealed that edge contrast cutoff significantly stratified patients for both progression-free survival (log-rank χ2 = 8.3, P = .003) and overall survival (log-rank χ2 = 5.5, P = .019). CONCLUSIONS: Texture analysis using edge contrast of the FLAIR hyperintense region may be an important predictive indicator in patients with high-grade gliomas following treatment with bevacizumab. Specifically, low FLAIR edge contrast may partially reflect areas of early tumor infiltration. This study adds to a growing body of literature proposing that quantifying features may be important for determining outcomes in patients with high-grade gliomas.
Differential Expression and Clinical Significance of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta Isoforms in GBM Tumors

Glioblastoma (GBM) represents the most common and aggressive malignant primary brain tumors in adults. Response to standard treatment is transitory and the survival of clinical trial cohorts are little more than 14 months. GBM are characterized by excessive proliferation, invasiveness, and radio-/chemoresistance features; which are strongly upregulated by transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β). We hypothesized that TGF-β gene expression could correlate with overall survival (OS) and serve as a prognostic biomarker. TGF-β1 and -β2 expression were analyzed by qPCR in 159 GBM tumor specimens. Kaplan–Meier and multivariate analyses were used to correlate expression with OS and progression-free survival (PFS). In GBM, TGF-β1 and -β2 levels were 33- and 11-fold higher respectively than in non-tumoral samples. Kaplan–Meier and multivariate analyses revealed that high to moderate expressions of TGF-β1 significantly conferred a strikingly poorer OS and PFS in newly diagnosed patients. Interestingly, at relapse, neither isoforms had meaningful impact on clinical evolution. We demonstrate that TGF-β1 is the dominant isoform in newly diagnosed GBM rather than the previously acknowledged TGF-β2. We believe our study is the first to unveil a significant relationship between TGF-β1 expression and OS or PFS in newly diagnosed GBM. TGF-β1 could serve as a prognostic biomarker or target affecting treatment planning and patient follow-up.
Impact of coping strategies on quality of life of adolescents and young women with endometriosis

Abstract Purpose: Endometriosis is a hormone-dependent, inflammatory, painful condition affecting 1 in 10 women during their reproductive years. The symptoms of endometriosis—dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, infertility—negatively impact the quality of life (QoL) of the affected women. Few studies have been conducted on mental health and QoL impact in a younger endometriosis patient population (adolescents and young women). This study quantitative, cross-sectional study was designed to address this gap by ascertaining whether coping strategies may impact the QoL of this patient population. Methods: After consent, participants (n = 24) completed a sociodemographic questionnaire, Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II), Coping Strategies Inventory (CSI), Endometriosis Health Patient-5 (EHP-5) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Results: Participants reported the use of both positive and maladaptive strategies to deal with the symptomatology, which were associated with QoL levels and mental health status. Associations between QoL and maladaptive coping strategies (e.g. autocriticism, social withdrawal) were uncovered. Cognitive restructuring was identified as an adaptive coping strategy that impacts QoL positively. Conclusion: These results provide additional evidence showing that endometriosis symptoms substantially affect the psychological well-being of young patients and identify opportunities for interventions (e.g. cognitive behavioral, rational/emotive therapy) to implement coping styles leading to improved QoL.
Hyperbolic Entailment Cones for Learning Hierarchical Embeddings

Learning graph representations via low-dimensional embeddings that preserve relevant network properties is an important class of problems in machine learning. We here present a novel method to embed directed acyclic graphs. Following prior work, we first advocate for using hyperbolic spaces which provably model tree-like structures better than Euclidean geometry. Second, we view hierarchical relations as partial orders defined using a family of nested geodesically convex cones. We prove that these entailment cones admit an optimal shape with a closed form expression both in the Euclidean and hyperbolic spaces. Moreover, they canonically define the embedding learning process. Experiments show significant improvements of our method over strong recent baselines both in terms of representational capacity and generalization.
Abuse of Rural Elders in Mansoura Districts, Dakahlia, Egypt: Prevalence, Types, Risk Factors, and Lifestyle

This study was carried out to explore the prevalence of elderly abuse, identify its types, associated risk factors and determine quality of their life in Rural Mansoura districts, Egypt. A cross-section study was conducted on a sample of 272 elders recruited from outpatient clinicsFamily Health Centers in Shawa & Berkin villages from May 1 to September 3, 2016. 200 (73.5%) elders accepted participation. A previously designed and validated questionnaires were used to collect data from participants. 46% of the studied elders were abused. The most frequent forms of abuse were negligence (40%) followed by psychological abuse (30.5%). Abuse was significantly higher among females (56.5%), farmers (67.2%), illiterates (55.5%) and living alone elders (68.5%). Elders with chronic diseases were significantly more abused (54.9%) especially diabetic and hypertensive elders (71.4%). Concerning lifestyle of the studied elders, 21% of them had bad health perception generally. The study showed that dependent elders exposed significantly to higher rates of abuse than independents with highly statistical significant.Logistic regression analysis revealed that being a female and previously working as farmer are 2.5 and 4.6 times more likely to be abused. On the other hand, sharing house with other partner or offspring and absence of chronic diseases are protective predictors against elder abuse. Governmental and NGOS support to elders in rural areas especially females and famers is highly recommended. Health insurance is necessary for health promotion, reduction of chronic disease and or disability to decrease dependency is crucial.
Population Pharmacokinetics and Safety of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam in Adult Cystic Fibrosis Patients Admitted with Acute Pulmonary Exacerbation

ABSTRACT Ceftolozane-tazobactam has potent activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a pathogen associated with cystic fibrosis (CF) acute pulmonary exacerbations (APE). Due to the rapid elimination of many antibiotics, CF patients frequently have altered pharmacokinetics. In this multicenter, open-label study, we described the population pharmacokinetics and safety of ceftolozane-tazobactam at 3 g every 8 h (q8h) in 20 adult CF patients admitted with APE. Population pharmacokinetics were determined using the nonparametric adaptive grid program in Pmetrics for R. A 5,000-patient Monte Carlo simulation was performed to determine the probability of target attainment (PTA) for the ceftolozane component at 1.5 g and 3 g of ceftolozane-tazobactam q8h across a range of MICs using a primary threshold exposure of 60% free time above the MIC (fT>MIC). In these 20 adult CF patients, ceftolozane and tazobactam concentration data were best described by 2-compartment models, and ceftolozane clearance (CL) was significantly correlated with creatinine clearance (r = 0.71, P < 0.001). These data suggest that ceftolozane and tazobactam clearance estimates in CF patients are similar to those in adults without CF (ceftolozane CF CL, 4.76 ± 1.13 liter/h; tazobactam CF CL, 20.51 ± 4.41 liter/h). However, estimates of the volume of the central compartment (Vc) were lower than those for adults without CF (ceftolozane CF Vc, 7.51 ± 2.05 liters; tazobactam CF Vc, 7.85 ± 2.66 liters). Using a threshold of 60% fT>MIC, ceftolozane-tazobactam regimens of 1.5 g and 3 g q8h should achieve PTAs of ≥90% at MICs up to 4 and 8 μg/ml, respectively. Ceftolozane-tazobactam at 3 g q8h was well tolerated. These observations support additional studies of ceftolozane-tazobactam for Pseudomonas aeruginosa APE in CF patients. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under identifier NCT02421120.)
Digestive and locomotor capacity show opposing responses to changing food availability in an ambush predatory fish

ABSTRACT Metabolic rates vary widely within species, but little is known about how variation in the ‘floor’ [i.e. standard metabolic rate (SMR) in ectotherms] and ‘ceiling’ [maximum metabolic rate (MMR)] for an individual's aerobic scope (AS) are linked with digestive and locomotor function. Any links among metabolic traits and aspects of physiological performance may also be modulated by fluctuations in food availability. This study followed changes in SMR, MMR, and digestive and locomotor capacity in southern catfish (Silurus meridionalis) throughout 15 days of food deprivation and 15 days of refeeding. Individuals downregulated SMR during food deprivation and showed only a 10% body mass decrease during this time. Whereas critical swim speed (Ucrit) was robust to food deprivation, digestive function decreased after fasting with a reduced peak oxygen uptake during specific dynamic action (SDA) and prolonged SDA duration. During refeeding, individuals displayed rapid growth and digestive function recovered to pre-fasting levels. However, refed fish showed a lower Ucrit than would be expected for their increased body length and in comparison to measures at the start of the study. Reduced swimming ability may be a consequence of compensatory growth: growth rate was negatively correlated with changes in Ucrit during refeeding. Southern catfish downregulate digestive function to reduce energy expenditure during food deprivation, but regain digestive capacity during refeeding, potentially at the cost of decreased swimming performance. The plasticity of maintenance requirements suggests that SMR is a key fitness trait for in this ambush predator. Shifts in trait correlations with food availability suggest that the potential for correlated selection may depend on context. Summary: Southern catfish downregulate digestive function and metabolic rate during food deprivation, but regain digestive capacity during refeeding, potentially at the cost of decreased swimming performance.
Canadian Journal of Learning and Technology Volume 31(2) Winter / hiver 2005 Design-based Research and its Application to a Call Centre Innovation in Distance Education

Abstract: Design-based research is proposed as a strategy to address the need for innovation in educational contexts. The article argues the case for increased and more effective research and development in education, and then presents a discussion of design-based research as a methodological set of tools to address this need. The four phases of design-based research (Bannan-Ritland, 2003) are explicated and an example, in which design-based methods are used to develop and assess a call centre innovation at Athabasca University, is presented.
TERMINAL FLOWER1 is a breeding target for a novel everbearing trait and tailored flowering responses in cultivated strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.)

Summary The effects of daylength and temperature on flowering of the cultivated octoploid strawberry (Fragaria × ananassa Duch.) have been studied extensively at the physiological level, but information on the molecular pathways controlling flowering in the species is scarce. The flowering pathway has been studied at the molecular level in the diploid short‐day woodland strawberry (F. vesca L.), in which the FLOWERING LOCUS T1 (FvFT1)–SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS1 (FvSOC1)–TERMINAL FLOWER1 (FvTFL1) pathway is essential for the correct timing of flowering. In this work, we show by transgenic approach that the silencing of the floral repressor FaTFL1 in the octoploid short‐day cultivar ‘Elsanta’ is sufficient to induce perpetual flowering under long days without direct changes in vegetative reproduction. We also demonstrate that although the genes FaFT1 and FaSOC1 show similar expression patterns in different cultivars, the regulation of FaTFL1 varies widely from cultivar to cultivar and is correlated with floral induction, indicating that the transcription of FaTFL1 occurs at least partially independently of the FaFT1–FaSOC1 module. Our results indicate that changing the expression patterns of FaTFL1 through biotechnological or conventional breeding approaches could result in strawberries with specific flowering and runnering characteristics including new types of everbearing cultivars.
Chirality-induced spin polarization places symmetry constraints on biomolecular interactions

Significance Chiral molecules are the building blocks of life. Although artificially, it is difficult to separate two different enantiomers of the same molecules; in nature, this process is efficient. This work proposes a mechanism for understanding this efficiency. In many bioprocesses, the interactions between molecules result from electron reorganization in the molecules, like that which occurs when an external electric field is applied. We show that the charge reorganization in chiral molecules is accompanied by a polarization of the spins associated with the displaced charge. The symmetry constraints imposed by the spin polarization may help account for the enantioselectivity. Calculations indicate that this contribution to the interaction energy for two molecules of the same handedness can be comparable with the available thermal energy. Noncovalent interactions between molecules are key for many biological processes. Necessarily, when molecules interact, the electronic charge in each of them is redistributed. Here, we show experimentally that, in chiral molecules, charge redistribution is accompanied by spin polarization. We describe how this spin polarization adds an enantioselective term to the forces, so that homochiral interaction energies differ from heterochiral ones. The spin polarization was measured by using a modified Hall effect device. An electric field that is applied along the molecules causes charge redistribution, and for chiral molecules, a Hall voltage is measured that indicates the spin polarization. Based on this observation, we conjecture that the spin polarization enforces symmetry constraints on the biorecognition process between two chiral molecules, and we describe how these constraints can lead to selectivity in the interaction between enantiomers based on their handedness. Model quantum chemistry calculations that rigorously enforce these constraints show that the interaction energy for methyl groups on homochiral molecules differs significantly from that found for heterochiral molecules at van der Waals contact and shorter (i.e., ∼0.5 kcal/mol at 0.26 nm).
CHARACTERIZATION OF TIN, CRN AND (TI, CR) N COATINGS DEPOSITED BY CATHODIC ARC EVAPORATION

In this investigation, physical vapor deposited Ti-Cr-N coatings were coated on tool steel substrates using reactive arc evaporation. Microstructure and mechanical properties of coatings such as roughness, thickness, phase composition, hardness, Young’s modulus and coefficient of friction were studied. Phase compositions were investigated by X-ray diffraction method. Surface microstructure and morphology were studied using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and coating compositions were determined by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Mechanical properties were measured by nano indentation. The friction behavior of the coatings were investigated using ball-on-disc tests under normal loads of 7 N . The results showed that (Ti, Cr)N and TiN coatings consisted of only one cubic phase solid solution, while CrN coatings consisted of hexagonal Cr2N and cubic CrN phases. Average grain size of the coatings was found to be in the range of 14 to 20 nm. Mechanical behavior of the (Ti, Cr)N coatings was related to the Ti content, i.e. hardness decreased with decreasing Ti content.