Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Automatic detection of cyberbullying on social networks based on bullying features

With the increasing use of social media, cyberbullying behaviour has received more and more attention. Cyberbullying may cause many serious and negative impacts on a person's life and even lead to teen suicide. To reduce and stop cyberbullying, one effective solution is to automatically detect bullying content based on appropriate machine learning and natural language processing techniques. However, many existing approaches in the literature are just normal text classification models without considering bullying characteristics. In this paper, we propose a representation learning framework specific to cyberbullying detection. Based on word embeddings, we expand a list of pre-defined insulting words and assign different weights to obtain bullying features, which are then concatenated with Bag-of-Words and latent semantic features to form the final representation before feeding them into a linear SVM classifier. Experimental study on a twitter dataset is conducted, and our method is compared with several baseline text representation learning models and cyberbullying detection methods. The superior performance achieved by our method has been observed in this study.
Trading Styles and Trading Volume

Many investors in equity markets follow trading styles based on stock characteristics like firm size or momentum. Because stocks' characteristics change over time, style investors must rebalance their portfolios to avoid style drift. In this paper, I analyze how the rebalancing trades of style traders affect the cross-section of trading volume. Specifically, I estimate, using mutual fund stock holdings data, how the propensity to sell a stock depends on recent changes in stock characteristics. It turns out to be most strongly related to changes in firm size, value, and momentum characteristics. The fitted values of the propensity-to-sell model explain a significant portion of the cross-sectional variation in total trading volume, controlling for other determinants of volume and using instrumental variables to deal with the endogeneity of stock characteristics. The results suggest that style investing is an important source of trading volume.
Long term results of the NRG/RTOG 9413: a key study but one of the most confusing study in prostate cancer radiotherapy!

The NRG/RTOG 9413 study has been designed in 1993 to address two major questions at that time: the benefit of whole pelvic nodes radiotherapy (WPRT) compared to “prostate only” radiotherapy (PORT) and the benefit of neoadjuvant and concomitant (NHT) versus adjuvant hormonal therapy (AHT) (1).
Improving Safety of Preemptive Therapy with Oral Valganciclovir for Cytomegalovirus Infection after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

Valganciclovir (VGC), an oral prodrug of ganciclovir (GCV), has been shown to clear cytomegalovirus (CMV) viremia in preemptive treatment of patients after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (alloHSCT), apparently without significant toxicity. Since VGC obviates hospitalization, it is increasingly being adopted, although not approved, in alloHSCT. When we retrospectively evaluated preemptive treatment with VGC versus GCV, foscarnet or cidofovir, in all 312 consecutive CMV viremias of 169 patients allotransplanted at our institution between 1996 and 2006, we found VGC more efficacious (79%) than non-VGC therapies (69%). The advantage of outpatient VGC, however, was outbalanced by more profound neutropenias (including two cases of agranulocytosis, one with graft loss) requiring subsequent prolonged rehospitalization. Thus, in a second, prospective cohort from 2007 to 2011 (all 202 consecutive CMV viremias of 118 yet older and sicker patients), we implemented twice weekly neutrophil monitoring during outpatient VGC treatment and avoided VGC maintenance therapy. While conserving efficacy (VGC 71%, non-VGC 72%), we could now demonstrate a reduced mean duration of hospitalization with VGC (9 days (0–66)) compared to non-VGC (25 days (0–115)), without any agranulocytosis episodes. We conclude that safe outpatient VGC therapy is possible in alloHSCT recipients, but requires frequent monitoring to prevent severe myelotoxicity.
Therapeutic Effect of Sodium Selenite and Zinc Sulphate as Supplementary with Meglumine Antimoniate( Glucantime®) Against Cutaneous Leishmaniasis In BALB/C Mice

Background Successful therapy of leishmaniasis depends on effective cellular immune response. We evaluated the effectiveness of sodium selenite and zinc sulphate as known immunomodulator materials, in combination with Glucantime® in treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis lesions resulting from Leishmania major in susceptible animal model. Methods Thirty three female mice weighing 18–20 g at the age of 7–8 week infected with L. major were randomly divided into 3 groups: group1: treated by sodium selenite (0.35 mg/kg for 30 days), group2: treated by zinc sulphate (2 mg/kg for 30 days) and group3: treated by distilled water (0.01 ml/gr body weight for 30 days) as control. All groups received Glucantime® as a standard anti- leishmanial agent (60 mg/kg, ip) for 14 days. To assess the results of treatment measurement of lesions size and parasitological tests were done weekly. Results The lesion sizes increased continuously in sodium selenite group.Although, in zinc group did not increase compared to baseline But with considering the time- group interaction there was no significant difference between zinc and control group during this study. There was no difference between lesion sizes and Leishmanial loads in the interventional and control groups, respectively. Conclusion Sodium selenite and zinc sulphate at mentioned doses and duration of treatment did not show any treatment effect on cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by L. major in BALB/c mice. Increasing the dose of supplements and considering the follow up period after treatment can help more certain conclusion.
Bayesian time-series models for continuous fault detection and recognition in industrial robotic tasks

This paper presents the application of a Bayesian nonparametric time-series model to process monitoring and fault classification for industrial robotic tasks. By means of an alignment task performed with a real robot, we show how the proposed approach allows to learn a set of sensor signature models encoding the spatial and temporal correlations among wrench measurements recorded during a number of successful task executions. Using these models, it is possible to detect continuously and on-line deviations from the expected sensor readings. Separate models are learned for a set of possible error scenarios involving a human modifying the workspace configuration. These non-nominal task executions are correctly detected and classified with an on-line algorithm, which opens the possibility for the development of error-specific recovery strategies. Our work is complementary to previous approaches in robotics, where process monitors based on probabilistic models, but limited to contact events, were developed for control purposes. Instead, in this paper we focus on capturing dynamic models of sensor signatures throughout the whole task, therefore allowing continuous monitoring and extending the system ability to interpret and react to errors.
Compreensão leitora em inglês no ENEM: desvelando processos de inferência

While the role of inferencing has been widely acknowledged as key to reading comprehension, little has been done to approach these issues in teaching and assessing second-language reading comprehension in the Brazilian educational system. With this in mind, this research paper sets out to investigate the types of inferences that might be required for test takers to answer questions in the most important Brazilian university entrance exam, ENEM ( Exame Nacional do Ensino Medio ). This exam is taken by Brazilian students at the end of secondary school in order to assess their performance according to the school curriculum. The students’ grades can be used not only for scholarships, but also as a resource for applying for more than 500 Brazilian universities. In order to analyze the ENEM tests, we formulated a framework based on the extensive work of Kintsch and van Dijk and on the model of fluent reading comprehension established by Gagne and colleagues. The framework considered three main types of inferences: bridging, elaborative, and summarizing. The results show that test takers might have to draw more elaborative inferences, meaning they might need a significant amount of background knowledge in order to select the correct alternatives. Summarizing, inferences were also significant, which means the test takers might have to build a complete mental representation of the text, i.e., to integrate world knowledge with the ideas expressed in the text in order to construct meaning. Overall, the results are in consonance with the literature on inferencing, meaning that it does have an essential role in text comprehension. In conclusion, there should be teaching and assessing programs in place designed around tackling these issues. Keywords: reading, inferencing, assessment, ENEM.
Operational approach to time and clocks in quantum theory

Throughout the existence of humankind, people have organised their lives based on the sunrise and sunset, the Moon phases and star movements. Nature has guided our daily routines, as it still does, and it would be hard to imagine what life would look like without the already known cycles imposed by nature. As the humanity progressed, we have realised that a day is not always of the same length, but our sleep cycle most often is, and that it would be extremely useful to have further references for organising our day and habits. So people started calculating time with the Sun clock, sand clock, water clock etc. Since these were all limited in their performance, mechanical and pendulum clocks were introduced later, followed by quartz clocks, and as the ultimate performing ones, in the 20th century the first atomic clocks were constructed. This revolutionised time-keeping, speeded up technology development and made very precise coordination in every-day lives possible. It is now hard to think of spending a day without an accurate watch. But where does this notion of time and clocks physically arise from? And is it valid only in the classical limit that we experience, or is it possible to introduce very precise and well-synchronised quantum clocks as well? This is what we will try to deal with in this thesis. We start from the assumption that the only observable time is the one given by clocks, and hence to learn more about quantum time we need to build good quantum clocks and try to synchronise them. We define clocks as quantum systems that need to provide a time reference, such as a sequence of ticks. Further, we attempt to find limits on their synchronisation, since it is well known that quantum systems interact with their environment thereby getting disturbed. What we find out is that the performance of the quantum clocks we define depends crucially on their dimension (number of the distinguishable states available), and that the quantum clocks of a certain dimension could possibly perform better than the classical ones with the same state space size. The limitations to synchronising local quantum clocks suggest that global time in quantum mechanics might not be a physically grounded notion. We also investigate what limitations would be imposed on the evolution of our Universe, if it itself was/contained a quantum clock providing ticks that we observe as
EBP1 Is a Novel E2F Target Gene Regulated by Transforming Growth Factor-β

Regulation of gene expression requires transcription factor binding to specific DNA elements, and a large body of work has focused on the identification of such sequences. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that eukaryotic transcription factors can exhibit widespread, nonfunctional binding to genomic DNA sites. Conversely, some of these proteins, such as E2F, can also modulate gene expression by binding to non-consensus elements. E2F comprises a family of transcription factors that play key roles in a wide variety of cellular functions, including survival, differentiation, activation during tissue regeneration, metabolism, and proliferation. E2F factors bind to the Erb3-binding protein 1 (EBP1) promoter in live cells. We now show that E2F binding to the EBP1 promoter occurs through two tandem DNA elements that do not conform to typical consensus E2F motifs. Exogenously expressed E2F1 activates EBP1 reporters lacking one, but not both sites, suggesting a degree of redundancy under certain conditions. E2F1 increases the levels of endogenous EBP1 mRNA in breast carcinoma and other transformed cell lines. In contrast, in non-transformed primary epidermal keratinocytes, E2F, together with the retinoblastoma family of proteins, appears to be involved in decreasing EBP1 mRNA abundance in response to growth inhibition by transforming growth factor-β1. Thus, E2F is likely a central coordinator of multiple responses that culminate in regulation of EBP1 gene expression, and which may vary depending on cell type and context.
Combined l1 and greedy l0 penalized least squares for linear model selection

We introduce a computationally effective algorithm for a linear model selection consisting of three steps: screening-ordering-selection (SOS). Screening of predictors is based on the thresholded Lasso that is l1 penalized least squares. The screened predictors are then fitted using least squares (LS) and ordered with respect to their |t| statistics. Finally, a model is selected using greedy generalized information criterion (GIC) that is l0 penalized LS in a nested family induced by the ordering. We give non-asymptotic upper bounds on error probability of each step of the SOS algorithm in terms of both penalties. Then we obtain selection consistency for different (n, p) scenarios under conditions which are needed for screening consistency of the Lasso. Our error bounds and numerical experiments show that SOS is worth considering alternative for multi-stage convex relaxation, the latest quasiconvex penalized LS. For the traditional setting (n > p) we give Sanov-type bounds on the error probabilities of the ordering-selection algorithm. It is surprising consequence of our bounds that the selection error of greedy GIC is asymptotically not larger than of exhaustive GIC.
Dominant-Negative Hsp90 Reduces VEGF-Stimulated Nitric Oxide Release and Migration in Endothelial Cells

Objectives—Heat-shock protein 90 (Hsp90) coordinates the regulation of diverse signaling proteins. We try to develop a new tool to explore the regulatory functions of Hsp90 in endothelial cells (ECs) instead of the existing chemical approaches. Methods and Results—We designed a dominant-negative Hsp90 construct by site-direct mutagenesis of residue Asp-88 to Asn (D88N-Hsp90) based on the structure of the ATP/ADP-binding site. Recombinant wild-type Hsp90 protein binds ATP-Sepharose beads in manner inhibited by ATP or 17-AAG, a specific inhibitor for Hsp90, however the binding activity of D88N-Hsp90 was markedly reduced and the inhibitory effects of ATP or 17-AAG were negligible. The dimerization between endogenous Hsp90&agr; and exogenous HA-Hsp90&bgr; was confirmed by immunoprecipitation, however the association between eNOS and D88N-Hsp90 was less than WT-Hsp90. Furthermore, adenoviral transduction of bovine aortic ECs with D88N-Hsp90 suppressed VEGF-induced phosphorylation of Akt, eNOS, and NO release and the inhibitory effect was blocked by okadaic acid. Moreover, D88N-Hsp90 abolished VEGF-stimulated Rac activation and suppressed VEGF-induced stress fiber formation. Transduction with D88N-Hsp90 decreased growth medium mediated migration of wild-type ECs, but not Akt1(−/−) ECs suggesting that Akt is key target of Hsp90. Conclusions—Our data demonstrate that dominant-negative Hsp90 modulates endothelial cell mobility mainly through PP2A-mediated dephosphorylation of Akt and Rac activation.
Self–other relations in social development and autism: multiple roles for mirror neurons and other brain bases

Mirror neuron system dysfunction may underlie a self–other matching impairment, which has previously been suggested to account for autism. Embodied Cognition Theory, which proposes that action provides a foundation for cognition has lent further credence to these ideas. The hypotheses of a self–other matching deficit and impaired mirror neuron function in autism have now been well supported by studies employing a range of methodologies. However, underlying mechanisms require further exploration to explain how mirror neurons may be involved in attentional and mentalizing processes. Impairments in self–other matching and mirror neuron function are not necessarily inextricably linked and it seems possible that different sub‐populations of mirror neurons, located in several regions, contribute differentially to social cognitive functions. It is hypothesized that mirror neuron coding for action–direction may be required for developing attentional sensitivity to self‐directed actions, and consequently for person‐oriented, stimulus‐driven attention. Mirror neuron networks may vary for different types of social learning such as “automatic” imitation and imitation learning. Imitation learning may be more reliant on self–other comparison processes (based on mirror neurons) that identify differences as well as similarities between actions. Differential connectivity with the amygdala–orbitofrontal system may also be important. This could have implications for developing “theory of mind,” with intentional self–other comparison being relevant to meta‐representational abilities, and “automatic” imitation being more relevant to empathy. While it seems clear that autism is associated with impaired development of embodied aspects of cognition, the ways that mirror neurons contribute to these brain–behavior links are likely to be complex.
Intact visual perceptual discrimination in humans in the absence of perirhinal cortex.

While the role of the perirhinal cortex in declarative memory has been well established, it has been unclear whether the perirhinal cortex might serve an additional nonmnemonic role in visual perception. Evidence that the perirhinal cortex might be important for visual perception comes from a recent report that monkeys with perirhinal cortical lesions are impaired on difficult (but not on simple) visual discrimination tasks. We administered these same tasks to nine amnesic patients, including three severely impaired patients with complete damage to perirhinal cortex bilaterally (E.P., G.P., and G.T.). The patients performed all tasks as well as controls. We suggest that the function of perirhinal cortex as well as antero-lateral temporal cortex may differ between humans and monkeys.
DSCR1(Adapl78) modulates expression of SOD1

DSCR1(Adapt78) is a stress responsive gene that can be induced by multiple stresses. We have previously demonstrated that acute DSCR1(Adapt78) overexpression can transiently protect cells against oxidative stress and calcium‐mediated stresses, while its chronic overexpression is associated with neurofibrillary tangles, Alzheimer disease, and Down's syndrome. It seems that a delicate balance of DSCR1(Adapt78) expression is maintained in cells, and this gene can have either protective or damaging effects, depending on both its level and duration of expression. The mechanisms by which DSCR1(Adapt78) can protect or harm cells are poorly understood. Here, we tried to identify pathways and targets affected by the DSCR1(Adapt78) gene using regulated expression of DSCR1(Adapt78) in PC‐12 cells, followed by microarray analysis of mRNAs from these cells. We found that DSCR1(Adapt78) expression stimulates SOD1 (intracellular Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase) gene expression and increased sod 1 enzyme activity. Previous studies have indicated that sod 1 can either protect or damage cells, depending on its levels. Our findings suggest that sod 1 may also be involved in both the acute protective and the chronic damaging effects of DSCR1(Adapt78) expression. These data also have importance for our understanding of Down's syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, and other human pathologies. —FASEB J. 18, 62–69 (2004)
How Teachers Treat Pronunciation Errors in Young Learners’ Class

To pronounce words correctly is one of the most important elements in language learning. Children can learn pronunciation more effectively when teachers provide sufficient modelling and correct their erroneous utterances properly. If children’s erroneous pronunciations are left untreated, the errors will fossilize and be difficult to correct. Despite its vital role, research on how teachers treat young learners’ pronunciation errors is still scant. Therefore, this study aims to investigate what corrective feedback teachers use to treat young learners’ pronunciation errors and the reasons behind the decision. Case study is employed as the research method with two teachers differing in educational background and teaching experiences selected as participants. Lyster and Ranta’s (1997) categorization of corrective feedback was employed in this research. The findings demonstrate that recast and explicit correction are predominantly used to treat young learners’ erroneous pronunciation. The action mainly is unintended, but the secondary consideration is due to the characteristic pronunciation learning which, unlike grammar learning, is considered to be void of systematic thinking process. This study is expected to enrich the theories of corrective feedback and pronunciation teaching as well as to help teachers to decide what types of corrective feedback appropriate to treat their students’ pronunciation errors.
Comparing methods to evaluate the eects of job search assistance

In March 2010, budgetary problems at the Dutch unemployment insurance administration caused a sharp drop in the availability of job search assistance programs. We exploit this discontinuity in the participation rate to (non-parametrically) estimate the eects of the program on job nding. Next, by using a large and rich administrative data set provided by the UI administration, we estimate the same program eects using non-experimental methods (without using the exogenous variation due to the policy discontinuity). We compare the results of the two approaches and discuss how the dierence