Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Personality and teamwork behavior in context: The cross‐level moderating role of collective efficacy

This research examines whether the relationship between an individual's personality and their behavior within a team is contingent on the team's overall perception of its capability. Individuals were peer-rated on the extent to which they displayed interpersonal and performance management teamwork behaviors over the course of an 8 week business simulation. The personality trait of agreeableness predicted interpersonal teamwork behavior, while the personality traits of conscientiousness and core self-evaluation (CSE) predicted performance management behavior. Multilevel analysis showed that collective efficacy influenced the extent to which an individual engaged in both types of behavior, and was also a cross-level moderator of the relationship between agreeableness and interpersonal behavior and the relationship between CSE and performance management behavior. At the team level, interpersonal behavior mediated between collective efficacy and team performance. The study's results show that in team settings the personality and individual behavior relationship may depend on group level confidence perceptions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Prevalence of Rh negative pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic and delivered in Rajavithi Hospital: 2000-2005.

OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of Rh-negative pregnant women who attended the antenatal clinic and delivered in Rajavithi Hospital. MATERIAL AND METHOD A descriptive retrospective study in Rh-negative pregnant women was done. The present study included the general characteristic of cases, anti-D immunoglobulin prophylaxis administration, fetal anemia and neonatal jaundice. RESULTS During the study period, 147 Rh-negative pregnant women delivered at Rajavithi Hospital. The prevalence of Rh-negative pregnant women in Rajavithi hospital was 0.31%. Fetal anemia and neonatal jaundice were detected in 21.9% and 37.2%, respectively, and 68.14% of cases received antenatal anti-D immunoglobulin. Anti-D immunoglobulin prophylaxis significantly reduced the incidence of neonatal jaundice (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION The prevalence of Rh-negative pregnant women was 0.31%.
Sources and Species of Cryptosporidium Oocysts in the Wachusett Reservoir Watershed

ABSTRACT Understanding the behavior of Cryptosporidium oocysts in the environment is critical to developing improved watershed management practices for protection of the public from waterborne cryptosporidiosis. Analytical methods of improved specificity and sensitivity are essential to this task. We developed a nested PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism assay that allows detection of a single oocyst in environmental samples and differentiates the human pathogen Cryptosporidiumparvum from other Cryptosporidium species. We tested our method on surface water and animal fecal samples from the Wachusett Reservoir watershed in central Massachusetts. We also directly compared results from our method with those from the immunofluorescence microscopy assay recommended in the Information Collection Rule. Our results suggest that immunofluorescence microscopy may not be a reliable indicator of public health risk for waterborne cryptosporidiosis. Molecular and environmental data identify both wildlife and dairy farms as sources of oocysts in the watershed, implicate times of cold water temperatures as high-risk periods for oocyst contamination of surface waters, and suggest that not all oocysts in the environment pose a threat to public health.
The Effect of Oil Price on Nigerian Macroeconomic Variables from 1990-2015

This study was aimed at using multiple regression technique to analyze the effect of oil price on the Nigerian macroeconomic variables from 1990 to 2015. In a bid to achieve the above objectives, null and alternative hypotheses were formulated to guide the study. The statistical technique discussed in this study was used to justify the hypotheses, and the SPSS statistical software was employed to ease the analysis. The analysis revealed that there is significant relationship international oil price and macroeconomic variables. Further analysis based on the individual test shows that unemployment rate contributes positively to international oil price, while interest rate contributes negatively to international oil price. Again, the result showed that inflation rate, exchange rate, and RGDP do not have any effect on international oil price. The coefficient of determination (R 2 ), which indicated the proportion in Y that is explained by X’s turned out with a percentage of 83.4% showing that there was a strong relationship between the international oil price variable and the macroeconomic variables.
Maximum likelihood estimation of a reverberation model for robust distant-talking speech recognition

We propose a novel approach for estimating a reverberation model for a robust recognizer according to [1], which is designed to allow distant-talking automatic speech recognition (ASR) in reverberant environments. Based on a few calibration utterances with known transcriptions recorded in the target environment, a maximum likelihood estimator is used to find the means and variances of the reverberation model. In contrast to [1] and to HMM training on artificially reverberated training data (e. g. [2]), measurements of room impulse responses become unnecessary, and the effort for training is greatly reduced. Simulations of a connected digit recognition task show that, in highly reverberant environments, the reverberation models estimated by the proposed approach achieve significantly higher recognition rates than HMMs trained on reverberant data.
Early agr activation correlates with vancomycin treatment failure in multi-clonotype MRSA endovascular infections.

OBJECTIVES Persistent MRSA infections are especially relevant to endovascular infections and correlate with suboptimal outcomes. However, the virulence signatures of Staphylococcus aureus that drive such persistence outcomes are not well defined. In the current study, we investigated correlations between accessory gene regulator (agr) activation and the outcome of vancomycin treatment in an experimental model of infective endocarditis (IE) due to MRSA strains with different agr and clonal complex (CC) types. METHODS Twelve isolates with the four most common MRSA CC and agr types (CC5-agr II, CC8-agr I, CC30-agr III and CC45-agr I) were evaluated for heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (hVISA), agr function, agrA and RNAIII transcription, agr locus sequences, virulence and response to vancomycin in the IE model. RESULTS Early agr RNAIII activation (beginning at 2 h of growth) in parallel with strong δ-haemolysin production correlated with persistent outcomes in the IE model following vancomycin therapy. Importantly, such treatment failures occurred across the range of CC/agr types studied. In addition, these MRSA strains: (i) were vancomycin susceptible in vitro; (ii) were not hVISA or vancomycin tolerant; and (iii) did not evolve hVISA phenotypes or perturbed δ-haemolysin activity in vivo following vancomycin therapy. Moreover, agr locus sequence analyses revealed no common point mutations that correlated with either temporal RNAIII transcription or vancomycin treatment outcomes, encompassing different CC and agr types. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that temporal agr RNAIII activation and agr functional profiles may be useful biomarkers to predict the in vivo persistence of endovascular MRSA infections despite vancomycin therapy.
A parameterized power-aware IP core generator for the 2-D 8/spl times/8 DCT/IDCT

This paper proposes a parameterized power-aware IP core generator for the 2-D 8/spl times/8 DCT/IDCT. For meeting different performance requirements, we provide a set of parameters in configuring the proposed IP generator including the types of DCT/IDCT architectures, the word-lengths of datapath, and the functions of transform. We adopt two different approaches in designing the 2-D DCT/IDCT including the high throughput adder-based approach and the low-cost group distributed arithmetic (GDA) approach, which exhibits different power dissipation and performance. In addition to generating the synthesizable Verilog code and the associated supporting files for the IP core, the proposed power-aware IP generator can also perform the data precision analysis for users when trading-off the hardware cost, power consumption, and data precision in designing the DCT/IDCT IP for the portable multimedia applications.
Pricing Asian options with stochastic volatility

Abstract In this paper, we generalize the recently developed dimension reduction technique of Vecer for pricing arithmetic average Asian options. The assumption of constant volatility in Vecer's method will be relaxed to the case that volatility is randomly fluctuating and is driven by a mean-reverting (or ergodic) process. We then use the fast mean-reverting stochastic volatility asymptotic analysis introduced by Fouque, Papanicolaou and Sircar to derive an approximation to the option price which takes into account the skew of the implied volatility surface. This approximation is obtained by solving a pair of one-dimensional partial differential equations.
Oxidation‐ and CaMKII‐Mediated Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Ca2+ Leak Triggers Atrial Fibrillation in Aging

Advanced age is a well‐recognized predisposition to atrial fibrillation (AF). However, the cellular electrophysiological changes that underlie the heightened susceptibility to AF in aged individuals remain poorly understood. Sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ leak that results from posttranslational modification of type 2 ryanodine receptor channels (RyR2) has been implicated in arrhythmogenesis. We hypothesize that aging alters atrial myocytes Ca2+ homeostasis and RyR2 function, which create a substrate for AF initiation.
Host-switching by a vertically transmitted rhabdovirus in Drosophila

A diverse range of endosymbionts are found within the cells of animals. As these endosymbionts are normally vertically transmitted, we might expect their evolutionary history to be dominated by host-fidelity and cospeciation with the host. However, studies of bacterial endosymbionts have shown that while this is true for some mutualists, parasites often move horizontally between host lineages over evolutionary timescales. For the first time, to our knowledge, we have investigated whether this is also the case for vertically transmitted viruses. Here, we describe four new sigma viruses, a group of vertically transmitted rhabdoviruses previously known in Drosophila. Using sequence data from these new viruses, and the previously described sigma viruses, we show that they have switched between hosts during their evolutionary history. Our results suggest that sigma virus infections may be short-lived in a given host lineage, so that their long-term persistence relies on rare horizontal transmission events between hosts.
The epidemiology of renal trauma

Introduction Nonoperative and minimally invasive management techniques for both blunt and penetrating renal trauma have become standard of care over the past decades. We sought to examine the modern epidemiology of renal trauma over the past decade. Methods A systematic review of PubMed from the past decade was conducted to examine adult and pediatric renal trauma. A total of 605 articles were identified. Of these, 15 adult and 5 pediatric articles met our a priori search criteria. Results There is a lack of uniform reporting of the renal trauma demographics precluding accurate assessment. Despite this, we were able to elucidate the following details. Renal trauma predominately affects young adult males, and the etiology is predominantly blunt. Among blunt injuries, motor vehicle crashes are most common among adult and pediatric patients. Nonoperative care was utilized in 94.8% of reviewed manuscripts with a 5.4% nephrectomy rate. Discussion There do not appear to be any startling changes in the presentation of adult and pediatric renal trauma over the past decade. Nonoperative care continues to be utilized as primary therapy. Increased attention on the reporting of renal trauma demographics is necessary to improve detection of trends. Conclusions Increased reporting of the presenting demographics of adult and pediatric renal trauma is encouraged to assist future assessment of epidemiology.
Haematological manifestations of lupus

Our purpose was to compile information on the haematological manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), namely leucopenia, lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA), thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and myelofibrosis. During our search of the English-language MEDLINE sources, we did not place a date-of-publication constraint. Hence, we have reviewed previous as well as most recent studies with the subject heading SLE in combination with each manifestation. Neutropenia can lead to morbidity and mortality from increased susceptibility to infection. Severe neutropenia can be successfully treated with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. While related to disease activity, there is no specific therapy for lymphopenia. Severe lymphopenia may require the use of prophylactic therapy to prevent select opportunistic infections. Isolated idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura maybe the first manifestation of SLE by months or even years. Some manifestations of lupus occur more frequently in association with low platelet count in these patients, for example, neuropsychiatric manifestation, haemolytic anaemia, the antiphospholipid syndrome and renal disease. Thrombocytopenia can be regarded as an important prognostic indicator of survival in patients with SLE. Medical, surgical and biological treatment modalities are reviewed for this manifestation. First-line therapy remains glucocorticoids. Through our review, we conclude glucocorticoids do produce a response in majority of patients initially, but sustained response to therapy is unlikely. Glucocorticoids are used as first-line therapy in patients with SLE with AIHA, but there is no conclusive evidence to guide second-line therapy. Rituximab is promising in refractory and non-responding AIHA. TTP is not recognised as a criteria for classification of SLE, but there is a considerable overlap between the presenting features of TTP and SLE, and a few patients with SLE have concurrent TTP. Myelofibrosis is an uncommon yet well-documented manifestation of SLE. We have compiled the cases that were reported in MEDLINE sources.
PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHANGES OF OLIVE OIL AND SELECTED VEGETABLE OILS DURING FRYING

The performance of olive oil during intermittent frying of potato slices and cod fillets was compared to those of selected vegetable oils (corn, olive-residue and 50/50 mixture of olive and corn oils) using conditions resembling those used in home food preparations. The main scope of this study was to decide what is the best substitute for olive oil in home frying applications. Free fatty acid content, peroxide value, polar compounds, color and viscosity were increased, whereas iodine value, polyunsaturated fatty acids content and tocopherol concentration decreased. The organoleptic quality of potato slices and cod fillets fried in all oils was determined. Significant differences in the physicochemical changes were observed. The analytical and sensory data showed that the lowest deterioration occurred in olive oil and the highest in corn oil. The 50/50 (w/w) olive/corn oil mixture proved to be a good substitute for olive oil in domestic frying applications.
A Bisognano - Wichmann-like theorem in a certain case of a non-bifurcate event horizon related to an extreme Reissner - Nordström black hole

Thermal Wightman functions of a massless scalar field are studied within the framework of a `near horizon' static background model of an extremal R - N black hole. This model is built up by using global Carter-like coordinates over an infinite set of Bertotti - Robinson submanifolds glued together. The analytical extendibility beyond the horizon is imposed as constraints on (thermal) Wightman's functions defined on a Bertotti - Robinson submanifold. It turns out that only the Bertotti - Robinson vacuum state, i.e. T = 0, satisfies the above requirement. Furthermore, the extension of this state onto the whole manifold is proved to coincide exactly with the vacuum state in the global Carter-like coordinates. Hence a theorem similar to the Bisognano - Wichmann theorem for the Minkowski spacetime in terms of Wightman functions holds with vanishing `Unruh - Rindler temperature'. Furthermore, the Carter-like vacuum restricted to a Bertotti - Robinson region, resulting in a pure state there, has vanishing entropy despite the presence of event horizons. Some comments on the real extremal R - N black hole are given.
First sources in infrared light: stars, supernovae and miniquasars

The cosmic infrared background (IRB) at wavelengths between 1 and 3 μm provides a useful probe of early star formation prior to and during reionization. To explain the high optical depth to electron scattering, as measured by the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP), one requires significant star formation activity at redshifts of 10 and higher. In addition to massive stars, the IRB flux may be contributed by a population of early miniquasars. We study the relative contributions from first stars, supernovae and quasars to the IRB for reasonable star formation rates at high redshift. If miniquasars radiate efficiently at the Eddington limit, current background measurements limit the fraction of mass in first stars that is converted to seed black holes to be roughly less than 10 per cent. In the case of supernovae, though an individual supernova is much brighter than the progenitor star, due to the shorter lifetime (of the order of a few months), the fractional contribution to the IRB remains at a level of 10 per cent and below when compared to the same contribution from stars. The bright supernovae may, however, be directly detectable by future large ground-based and space telescopes.
A Neural Click Model for Web Search

Understanding user browsing behavior in web search is key to improving web search effectiveness. Many click models have been proposed to explain or predict user clicks on search engine results. They are based on the probabilistic graphical model (PGM) framework, in which user behavior is represented as a sequence of observable and hidden events. The PGM framework provides a mathematically solid way to reason about a set of events given some information about other events. But the structure of the dependencies between the events has to be set manually. Different click models use different hand-crafted sets of dependencies. We propose an alternative based on the idea of distributed representations: to represent the user's information need and the information available to the user with a vector state. The components of the vector state are learned to represent concepts that are useful for modeling user behavior. And user behavior is modeled as a sequence of vector states associated with a query session: the vector state is initialized with a query, and then iteratively updated based on information about interactions with the search engine results. This approach allows us to directly understand user browsing behavior from click-through data, i.e., without the need for a predefined set of rules as is customary for PGM-based click models. We illustrate our approach using a set of neural click models. Our experimental results show that the neural click model that uses the same training data as traditional PGM-based click models, has better performance on the click prediction task (i.e., predicting user click on search engine results) and the relevance prediction task (i.e., ranking documents by their relevance to a query). An analysis of the best performing neural click model shows that it learns similar concepts to those used in traditional click models, and that it also learns other concepts that cannot be designed manually.
Application of nitrogen in different phenological states of the corn crop

Corn is a crop of high productive potential, but to achieve this, it is essential to apply production technologies, especially fertilizers with a high level of nitrogen. The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of nitrogen fertilizer in different phenological stages on corn production. The experiment was installed in the experimental plot of the Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Concepcion, Concepcion Department, Paraguay. The experimental design was randomized blocks, with 5 treatments and 4 repetitions. The treatments consisted of the application of nitrogenous fertilizer in the phenological stages V0, V3, V5, V7 and V9. Number of leaves on and below the spike, number of seed lines per spike, plant height, spike height and yield were evaluated. The obtained data was subjected to the analysis of variance by Fisher's test at 5%, when significant differences was detected, it was proceeded to compare the means obtained by the effect of the treatments using the Tukey test at 5% of significance. The results indicate that the application of nitrogen in different phenological stages of corn cultivation influenced the height of the plant, height of insertion of the spike and yield; not so, for: number of leaves above and below the spike and number of seed lines per spike. It is concluded that the application of nitrogen in different phenological stages of corn, has influence on productive characteristics of the crop. It was recommended that it should be done in phenological stage V5, to achieve maximum efficiency. Key words: Zea mays L. , phenological stages, nitrogen, fertilization.
The stability of Escherichia coli lacZ mRNA depends upon the simultaneity of its synthesis and translation.

We have used either Escherichia coli or T7 RNA polymerase to transcribe in E. coli a series of lacZ genes that differ in the nature of their ribosome binding sites (RBS). Each T7 RNA polymerase transcript yields from 15‐ to 450‐fold less beta‐galactosidase than its E. coli polymerase counterpart, the ratio being larger when weaker RBS are used. The low beta‐galactosidase yield from T7 transcripts reflects their low stability: the ams‐1/rne‐50 mutation, which inactivates RNase E, nearly equalizes the beta‐galactosidase yields from T7 and E. coli RNA polymerase transcripts. T7 RNA polymerase transcribes the lacZ gene approximately 8‐fold faster than the E. coli enzyme. We propose that this higher speed unmasks an RNase E cleavage site which is normally shielded by ribosomes soon after its synthesis when the slower E. coli enzyme is used. This leads to degradation of the T7 transcript, unless the leading ribosome comes in time to shield the cleavage site: the weaker the RBS, the lower this probability and the more severe the inability of T7 RNA polymerase transcripts for beta‐galactosidase synthesis.