Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Synchrophasor-Based Real-Time Voltage Stability Index

This paper presents a new online voltage stability index (VSI) that predicts the power system steady-state voltage stability limit. Starting with deriving a method to predict three types of maximum transferable power (real power, reactive power, and apparent power) of a single-source power system, a new VSI based on the calculated load margins is devised. In order to apply the VSI to large power systems, a method is developed to simplify the large network behind a load bus into a single source and a single transmission line using time-synchronized phasor measurements and network parameters. The simplified system model, to which the devised VSI can be applied, preserves power flow and voltage information of the particular load bus under study. The proposed VSI combined with the network simplification method provides the voltage stability margin of each individual load bus in an informative format and identifies the load bus that is the most vulnerable to voltage collapse. Test results from applying the VSI on two test systems validate its applicability for online applications
Childhood and Adolescent Television Viewing and Antisocial Behavior in Early Adulthood

OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether excessive television viewing throughout childhood and adolescence is associated with increased antisocial behavior in early adulthood. METHODS: We assessed a birth cohort of 1037 individuals born in Dunedin, New Zealand, in 1972–1973, at regular intervals from birth to age 26 years. We used regression analysis to investigate the associations between television viewing hours from ages 5 to 15 years and criminal convictions, violent convictions, diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder, and aggressive personality traits in early adulthood. RESULTS: Young adults who had spent more time watching television during childhood and adolescence were significantly more likely to have a criminal conviction, a diagnosis of antisocial personality disorder, and more aggressive personality traits compared with those who viewed less television. The associations were statistically significant after controlling for sex IQ, socioeconomic status, previous antisocial behavior, and parental control. The associations were similar for both sexes, indicating that the relationship between television viewing and antisocial behavior is similar for male and female viewers. CONCLUSIONS: Excessive television viewing in childhood and adolescence is associated with increased antisocial behavior in early adulthood. The findings are consistent with a causal association and support the American Academy of Pediatrics recommendation that children should watch no more than 1 to 2 hours of television each day.
Histologic Assessment of Intratumoral Lymphoplasmacytic Infiltration Is Useful in Predicting Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

In the present study, we investigated the clinicopathologic significance of intratumoral lymphoplasmacytic infiltration in a large cohort of patients with solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Based on examination of hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections, significant infiltration was defined as dense lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, either multifocal or diffuse, in 2 or more fields under low-power magnification. Of 544 cases, 216 (39.7%) were positive for significant infiltration (HCC-LI group), while 328 (60.3%) were negative (HCC-NLI group). There were no significant between-group differences in patient age, sex, or background etiology. The lower incidence of Child-Pugh stage B (P = 0.001) and lower level of indocyanine green retention rate at 15 minutes (P < 0.001) in the HCC-LI group indicated better liver function in this group. Histologically, tumors were significantly smaller in size in the HCC-LI group than in the HCC-NLI group (P < 0.001). In addition, prominent neutrophilic infiltration, interstitial fibrosis and tumor steatosis were significantly more frequent (P < 0.001) in the HCC-LI group, while tumor necrosis was significantly less frequent (P = 0.008). Kaplan-Meier analyses revealed that overall and recurrence-free survival were significantly better in the HCC-LI group (P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that intratumoral lymphoplasmacytic infiltration was independently prognostic of both overall and recurrence-free survival (P < 0.001), with absence of infiltration showing high Cox-hazard ratios for poor prognosis. In conclusion, intratumoral lymphoplasmacytic infiltration, as determined by assessment of hematoxylin and eosin-stained slides, was significantly associated with the clinical and pathologic features of HCC and has profound prognostic importance.
A Reference Price Theory of the Endowment Effect

The common finding that selling prices exceed buying prices (the so-called endowment effect) is typically explained by the assumptions that consumers evaluate potential transactions with respect to their current holdings and that the owners of a good regard its potential loss to be more significant than nonowners regard its potential acquisition. In contrast to this “pain-of-losing” account, the authors propose that the endowment effect reflects a reluctance to trade on terms that appear unfavorable with respect to salient reference prices. In six experiments (and eight more summarized in appendixes), the authors show that manipulations that reduce the gap between valuations and reference prices reduce or eliminate the endowment effect. These results suggest that the endowment effect is often best construed as an aversion to bad deals rather than an aversion to losing possessions.
Proteomic profiling of distinct clonal populations of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have attracted immense research interest in the field of regenerative medicine due to their ability to be cultured for successive passages and multi‐lineage differentiation. The molecular mechanisms governing MSC self‐renewal and differentiation remain largely unknown. The development of sophisticated techniques, in particular clinical proteomics, has enabled researchers in various fields to identify and characterize cell specific biomarkers for therapeutic purposes. This study seeks to understand the cellular and sub‐cellular processes responsible for the existence of stem cell populations in bone marrow samples by revealing the whole cell proteome of the clonal cultures of bone marrow‐derived MSCs (BMSCs). Protein profiling of the MSC clonal populations was conducted by Two‐Dimensional Liquid Chromatography/Matrix‐Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionisation (MALDI) Mass Spectrometry (MS). A total of 83 proteins were identified with high confidence of which 11 showed differential expression between subpopulations, which included cytoskeletal and structural proteins, calcium binding proteins, cytokinetic proteins, and members of the intermediate filament family. This study generated a proteome reference map of BMSCs from the clonal populations, which will be valuable to better understand the underlying mechanism of BMSC self‐renewal and differentiation. J. Cell. Biochem. 106: 776–786, 2009. © 2009 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Nurses' views on the use, quality and user satisfaction with electronic medical records: questionnaire development.

AIM This paper is a report of the development of an instrument to measure nurses' views on the use, quality and user satisfaction with electronic medical records systems. BACKGROUND Use of electronic medical records systems in hospitals is steadily increasing, yet no validated instruments have assessed the effectiveness of these systems from the viewpoint of nurses. METHOD Items were designed following a literature review based on three main constructs: use, quality and user satisfaction with electronic medical records. Reliability and validity were examined based on responses from 1,666 nurses from 42 hospitals in Japan in February 2006. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to determine the degree to which each item within a construct was associated. The reliability of each resultant factor was computed using Cronbach's alpha coefficient. Content validity was addressed by basing the items on previous surveys and review of the instrument by a panel of nurses experienced in nursing informatics. Construct validity was examined through factor analysis and correlational analyses. FINDINGS Extent of 'use' of electronic medical records resulted into three factors with good factor loadings, but only two had acceptable reliability. 'Quality' of electronic medical records had two factors with good factor loadings and reliability. 'User satisfaction' with electronic medical records had three factors, but only one had acceptable reliability. 'Use' and 'quality' constructs were positively correlated with 'user satisfaction'. CONCLUSION The final instrument incorporates 34 items from the original 44-item pool. Initial validity results were positive and therefore the instrument can be used in evaluating electronic medical records in hospitals.
An Adaptive Exponentially Weighted Moving Average Control Chart

Lucas and Saccucci showed that exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control charts can be designed to quickly detect either small or large shifts in the mean of a sequence of independent observations. But a single EWMA chart cannot perform well for small and large shifts simultaneously. Furthermore, in the worst-case situation, this scheme requires a few observations to overcome its initial inertia. The main goal of this article is to suggest an adaptive EWMA (AEWMA) chart that weights the past observations of the monitored process using a suitable function of the current “error. ” The resulting scheme can be viewed as a smooth combination of a Shewhart chart and an EWMA chart. A design procedure for the new control schemes is suggested. Comparisons of the standard and worst-case average run length profiles of the new scheme with those of different control charts show that AEWMA schemes offer a more balanced protection against shifts of different sizes.
Mandarin Part-of-Speech Tagging and Discriminative Reranking

We present in this paper methods to improve HMM-based part-of-speech (POS) tagging of Mandarin. We model the emission probability of an unknown word using all the characters in the word, and enrich the standard left-to-right trigram estimation of word emission probabilities with a right-to-left prediction of the word by making use of the current and next tags. In addition, we utilize the RankBoost-based reranking algorithm to rerank the N-best outputs of the HMMbased tagger using various n-gram, morphological, and dependency features. Two methods are proposed to improve the generalization performance of the reranking algorithm. Our reranking model achieves an accuracy of 94.68% using n-gram and morphological features on the Penn Chinese Treebank 5.2, and is able to further improve the accuracy to 95.11% with the addition of dependency features.
E-Readiness to G-Readiness: Developing a Green Information Technology Readiness Framework

Businesses are under increasing pressure from competitors, regulators and community groups to implement sustainable business practices. Balancing economic and environmental performance to be green and competitive is therefore a key strategic issue. The increased discussion on green information technology (IT) has sparked the interest of this research. Green IT is poised to influence not only technology but also competitive strategy and even the legality of some business strategic options. Understanding and leveraging Green IT is therefore critical for businesses? continued progress. Nevertheless, the principles, practices and value of Green IT is yet to be researched. This paper introduces the concept of Green IT and describes the main pillars of a g-readiness framework to help organisations evaluate their readiness for adopting Green IT. It argues that just as e-readiness has been, and continues to be, a critical quality in the digital economy, g-readiness is an equally critical quality in the low carbon digital economy. Without a clear understanding of g-readiness, organisations would approach Green IT initiatives on an ad hoc and somewhat reactive basis which is undesirable.
A study on the framework design of Korean-model PLC-integrated drone landing site in mountain regions: A software engineering approach

Currently, the Drone-based Logistics transportation and its safety have become an issue in the Republic of Korea (ROK). As the most of its land is mountainous, the costs of installing internet cables to operate a drone-landing site are quite high. Thus, the Power Line Communication (PLC) system for mountainous regions proposed in the author's preceding work is used [1]. For the framework design, an algorithm which allows avoiding of lightning strikes by adopting the system where some lightning-resistant lightning rods are used and the monitoring system is installed on them is proposed. The algorithm performs big data analysis as well. The author witnessed many incidents of fires caused by the instantaneous high-tension currents due to lightning in the past so that he intends to apply the Three-phase Three-wire method for the lightning rods developed by Bipolar Conventional Air Terminals Using C++. Some parts of the proposed framework had been validated in the preceding works published in both domestic and foreign journals [1-9].
Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals

In the 12 years since it was first published, the “Uniform Requirements for Manuscripts Submitted to Biomedical Journals” (the Vancouver style), developed by the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors, has been widely accepted by both authors and editors; more than 400 journals have stated that they will consider manuscripts that conform to its requirements. This is the fourth edition of the Uniform Requirements.
Comparative Proteomic Analysis of the Molecular Responses of Mouse Macrophages to Titanium Dioxide and Copper Oxide Nanoparticles Unravels Some Toxic Mechanisms for Copper Oxide Nanoparticles in Macrophages

Titanium dioxide and copper oxide nanoparticles are more and more widely used because of their catalytic properties, of their light absorbing properties (titanium dioxide) or of their biocidal properties (copper oxide), increasing the risk of adverse health effects. In this frame, the responses of mouse macrophages were studied. Both proteomic and targeted analyses were performed to investigate several parameters, such as phagocytic capacity, cytokine release, copper release, and response at sub toxic doses. Besides titanium dioxide and copper oxide nanoparticles, copper ions were used as controls. We also showed that the overall copper release in the cell does not explain per se the toxicity observed with copper oxide nanoparticles. In addition, both copper ion and copper oxide nanoparticles, but not titanium oxide, induced DNA strands breaks in macrophages. As to functional responses, the phagocytic capacity was not hampered by any of the treatments at non-toxic doses, while copper ion decreased the lipopolysaccharide-induced cytokine and nitric oxide productions. The proteomic analyses highlighted very few changes induced by titanium dioxide nanoparticles, but an induction of heme oxygenase, an increase of glutathione synthesis and a decrease of tetrahydrobiopterin in response to copper oxide nanoparticles. Subsequent targeted analyses demonstrated that the increase in glutathione biosynthesis and the induction of heme oxygenase (e.g. by lovastatin/monacolin K) are critical for macrophages to survive a copper challenge, and that the intermediates of the catecholamine pathway induce a strong cross toxicity with copper oxide nanoparticles and copper ions.
Starch Origin and Thermal Processing Affect Starch Digestion in a Minipig Model of Pancreatic Exocrine Insufficiency

Although steatorrhea is the most obvious symptom of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (PEI), enzymatic digestion of protein and starch is also impaired. Low praecaecal digestibility of starch causes a forced microbial fermentation accounting for energy losses and meteorism. To optimise dietetic measures, knowledge of praecaecal digestibility of starch is needed but such information from PEI patients is rare. Minipigs fitted with an ileocaecal fistula with (n = 3) or without (n = 3) pancreatic duct ligation (PL) were used to estimate the rate of praecaecal disappearance (pcD) of starch. Different botanical sources of starch (rice, amaranth, potato, and pea) were fed either raw or cooked. In the controls (C), there was an almost complete pcD (>92%) except for potato starch (61.5%) which was significantly lower. In PL pcD of raw starch was significantly lower for all sources of starch except for amaranth (87.9%). Thermal processing increased pcD in PL, reaching values of C for starch from rice, potato, and pea. This study clearly underlines the need for precise specification of starch used for patients with specific dietetic needs like PEI. Data should be generated in suitable animal models or patients as tests in healthy individuals would not have given similar conclusions.
Biomaterial Hypersensitivity: Is It Real? Supportive Evidence and Approach Considerations for Metal Allergic Patients following Total Knee Arthroplasty

The prospect of biomaterial hypersensitivity developing in response to joint implant materials was first presented more than 30 years ago. Many studies have established probable causation between first-generation metal-on-metal hip implants and hypersensitivity reactions. In a limited patient population, implant failure may ultimately be related to metal hypersensitivity. The examination of hypersensitivity reactions in current-generation metal-on-metal knee implants is comparatively limited. The purpose of this study is to summarize all available literature regarding biomaterial hypersensitivity after total knee arthroplasty, elucidate overall trends about this topic in the current literature, and provide a foundation for clinical approach considerations when biomaterial hypersensitivity is suspected.
Properties of random direction models

A number of mobility models have been proposed for the purpose of either analyzing or simulating the movement of users in a mobile wireless network. Two of the more popular are the random waypoint and the random direction models. The random waypoint model is physically appealing but difficult to understand. Although the random direction model is less appealing physically, it is much easier to understand. User speeds are easily calculated, unlike for the waypoint model, and, as we observe, user positions and directions are uniformly distributed. The contribution of this paper is to establish this last property for a rich class of random direction models that allow future movements to depend on past movements. To this end, we consider finite oneand two-dimensional spaces. We consider two variations, the random direction model with wrap around and with reflection. We establish a simple relationship between these two models and, for both, show that positions and directions are uniformly distributed for a class of Markov movement models regardless of initial position. In addition, we establish a sample path property for both models, namely that any piecewise linear movement applied to a user preserves the uniform distribution of position and direction provided that users were initially uniformly throughout the space with equal likelihood of being pointed in any direction.
The bacterial virulence factor NleA is required for the disruption of intestinal tight junctions by enteropathogenic Escherichia coli

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is a diarrhoeal pathogen that adheres to epithelial cells of the small intestine and uses a type III secretion system to inject effector proteins into host cells. EPEC infection leads to disruption of host intestinal tight junctions that are important for maintaining intestinal barrier function. This disruption is dependent on the bacterial type III secretion system, as well as the translocated effectors EspF and Map. Here we show that a third type III translocated bacterial effector protein, NleA, is also involved in tight junction disruption during EPEC infection. Using the drug Brefeldin A, we demonstrate that the effect of NleA on tight junction integrity is related to its inhibition of host cell protein trafficking through COPII‐dependent pathways. These results suggest that NleA's striking effect on virulence is mediated, at least in part, via its role in disruption of intestinal barrier function.
Energy-Maximizing Control of Wave-Energy Converters: The Development of Control System Technology to Optimize Their Operation

With the recent sharp increases in the price of oil, issues of security of supply, and pressure to honor greenhouse gas emission limits (e.g., the Kyoto protocol), much attention has turned to renewable energy sources to fulfill future increasing energy needs. Wind energy, now a mature technology, has had considerable proliferation, with other sources, such as biomass, solar, and tidal, enjoying somewhat less deployment. Waves provide previously untapped energy potential, and wave energy has been shown to have some favorable variability properties (a perennial issue with many renewables, especially wind), especially when combined with wind energy [1].
Case-based reasoning system for predicting the sustainability of a telecentre

Telecentre implementation has been inundated with failure in developing countries. This has necessitated the need for evaluations to unearth reasons for such occurrences. Various methods have been proposed to evaluate IT projects. However, very few of these methods have been used to predict telecentre failure. We combine two approaches (ICT4D evaluation and Machine Learning) to predict the likelihood for failure of a telecentre. Through the use of a case study, this paper uses the well-established Case-Based Reasoning (CBR) methodology to predict failure of telecentres. We apply CBR on real life dataset to predict the Design-Reality Gap score (DRGS). We compare three CBR methods with a naïve benchmark using ArchANGEL. We demonstrate through our experiments that CBR can be used to predict DRGS. This gives a refreshing indication suggesting that it may be feasible to use CBR to evaluate ICT initiatives and to predict adequately outcome of an initiative. Through this mechanism, it may be possible for managers and owners of telecentres to pre-empt an outcome and have the advantage to take mitigating steps. This affords managers an opportunity for remedial action for sustainability.
Influence of crucible material on the level of contamination in TiAl using induction melting

This paper describes the processing results of TiAl alloys melted in a controlled atmosphere induction furnace, using crucibles made of graphite, calcia and zirconia stabilized with yttria, calcia and magnesia. Samples were poured into graphite permanent moulds or solidified and cooled inside the crucible, in order to simulate the worst case scenario in a metal/refractory reaction using this process. This paper presents segregation profiles of residual elements and their influence on the micro hardness of different phases and the extent of the “alpha-case”.