Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Intensive Child-Centered Play Therapy in a Remote Australian Aboriginal Community

Few studies have explored mental health treatment programs for Aboriginal Australian children under the age of 12 years old. Isolated locations, coupled with therapy modalities that are not developmentally and culturally suitable for children who have experienced adversities, exacerbate the typical challenges in providing health services needed for optimum child development. Therapeutic services offered in Aboriginal communities typically follow a traditional delivery of therapy, meeting no more than once a week, or less, as remoteness increases. The purpose of this pilot study was to determine the effectiveness of an intensive child-centered play therapy (iCCPT) program in a remote Aboriginal community with children who have experienced adversity. Pre- and postmeasures, utilizing Goodman’s (1997) Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, were collected from parents and teachers. Semistructured interviews were conducted with parents who participated in the program after the intervention ended. Nine child participants attended an average of 15 sessions in a 10-day format. Total difficulties, as reported by both parents and teachers, diminished after the program. In particular, emotional problems, as rated by teachers, decreased over time. If replicated in a randomized control trial, these findings would suggest that an iCCPT program may be feasible and effective in remote Australian Aboriginal communities.
Implications of free primary education policy on access to primary schooling among pastoralist communities in Kenya: The case of Turkana South district

Article History Received: 08.07. 2018 Accepted: 19.07. 2018 Published: 30.07. 2018 Abstract: The complex relationship between pastoral communities and their socioeconomic background casts more doubts as to how the local people are involved in policy process of improving access to Primary Schooling, Mugwe, 2006. The study reiterates the usefulness of case studies for educational research given its variety and complexity in making formative evaluation and in educational policy making. This is in agreement with Cletus, B [34] which emphasizes the critical role of evidencebased policy and practice. Investigation was carried out to examine implications of Free Primary Education (FPE) on access to schooling. The study adopted ethnographic research design that utilized purposive sampling technique and saturation procedure to select a total of 170 respondents that included head teachers, teachers, parents, school dropouts, educational managers, community leaders, and Non-Governmental Organizations drawn from Turkana South sub-county. Purposive sampling was used to select individuals, groups and organizations that would provide insight into the study. Data was collected using focus group interviews, structured and unstructured interviews, observation, and document analysis. Subsequently, data was collected by use of questionnaire that was sent to head-teachers and education officials and was used only to validate the qualitative data. The collected data was coded, analyzed, described and summarized. The statistical package for social scientists (SPSS) 12.0 for Windows was used to analyze coded information for the purposes of checking for internal consistency, creation of composite scores, and correlation. The study identified various implications of FPE on Primary Schooling for pastoralists as the following: increased enrolment; shortage of teachers; high transition rate; poor handling of children with special needs; increased dropout rate and lack of funds for school feeding program. The findings also concluded that if the roles of various stakeholders were properly articulated, it would improve access to Primary Schooling among pastoralist communities.
Prediagnostic circulating concentrations of plasma insulin‐like growth factor‐I and risk of lymphoma in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition

Insulin‐like growth factor (IGF)‐I has cancer promoting activities. However, the hypothesis that circulating IGF‐I concentration is related to risk of lymphoma overall or its subtypes has not been examined prospectively. IGF‐I concentration was measured in pre‐diagnostic plasma samples from a nested case–control study of 1,072 cases of lymphoid malignancies and 1,072 individually matched controls from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. Odds ratios (ORs) and confidence intervals (CIs) for lymphoma were calculated using conditional logistic regression. IGF‐I concentration was not associated with overall lymphoma risk (multivariable‐adjusted OR for highest versus lowest third = 0.77 [95% CI = 0.57–1.03], ptrend = 0.06). There was no statistical evidence of heterogeneity in this association with IGF‐I by sex, age at blood collection, time between blood collection and diagnosis, age at diagnosis, or body mass index (pheterogeneity for all ≥ 0.05). There were no associations between IGF‐I concentration and risk for specific BCL subtypes, T‐cell lymphoma or Hodgkin lymphoma, although number of cases were small. In this European population, IGF‐I concentration was not associated with risk of overall lymphoma. This study provides the first prospective evidence on circulating IGF‐I concentrations and risk of lymphoma. Further prospective data are required to examine associations of IGF‐I concentrations with lymphoma subtypes.
GRMHD PREDICTION OF CORONAL VARIABILITY IN ACCRETING BLACK HOLES

On the basis of data from an energy-conserving three-dimensional general relativistic MHD simulation, we predict the statistical character of variability in the coronal luminosity from accreting black holes. When the inner boundary of the corona is defined to be the electron scattering photosphere, its location depends only on the mass accretion rate in Eddington units . Nearly independent of viewing angle and , the power spectrum over the range of frequencies from approximately the orbital frequency at the ISCO to ∼100 times lower is well approximated by a power law with index −2, crudely consistent with the observed power spectra of hard X-ray fluctuations in active galactic nuclei and the hard states of Galactic black hole binaries. The underlying physical driver for variability in the light curve is variations in the accretion rate caused by the chaotic character of MHD turbulence, but the power spectrum of the coronal light output is significantly steeper. Part of this contrast is due to the fact that the mass accretion rate can be significantly modulated by radial epicyclic motions that do not result in dissipation, and therefore do not drive luminosity fluctuations. The other part of this contrast is due to the inward decrease of the characteristic inflow time, which leads to decreasing radial coherence length with increasing fluctuation frequency.
A Process-Oriented Analysis of the Three-Phase Method: A Therapeutic Couple Intervention Strengthening Dyadic Coping

ABSTRACT The efficacy of couple interventions is well established; however, the mechanisms behind their efficacy in reducing relationship distress are less clear. This study examined the three-phase method, a therapeutic interaction exercise designed to strengthen couples' dyadic coping skills in the face of stress. Based on a sample of 33 heterosexual couples, results revealed that deepening speakers' emotional experience positively predicted listeners' affective empathy. The quality of listeners' paraphrasing predicted higher cognitive empathy in males, and listeners' cognitive empathy positively predicted speakers' perceived emotional supportive dyadic coping. Implications for tailoring specific couple interventions in therapy for couples coping with stress are discussed.
Negative Emotion Does Not Modulate Rapid Feature Integration Effects

Emotional arousal at encoding is known to facilitate later memory recall. In the present study, we asked whether this emotion-modulation of episodic memory is also evident at very short time scales, as measured by “feature integration effects,” the moment-by-moment binding of relevant stimulus and response features in episodic memory. This question was motivated by recent findings that negative emotion appears to potentiate first-order trial sequence effects in classic conflict tasks, which has been attributed to emotion-modulation of conflict-driven cognitive control processes. However, these effects could equally well have been carried by emotion-modulation of mnemonic feature binding processes, which were perfectly confounded with putative control processes in these studies. In the present experiments, we tried to shed light on this question by testing explicitly whether feature integration processes, assessed in isolation of conflict–control, are in fact susceptible to negative emotion-modulation. For this purpose, we adopted a standard protocol for assessing the rapid binding of stimulus and response features in episodic memory (Experiment 1) and paired it with the presentation of either neutral or fearful background face stimuli, shown either at encoding only (Experiment 2), or at both encoding and retrieval (Experiment 3). Whereas reliable feature integration effects were observed in all three experiments, no evidence for emotion-modulation of these effects was detected, in spite of significant effects of emotion on response times. These findings suggest that rapid feature integration of foreground stimulus and response features is not subject to modulation by negative emotional background stimuli and further suggest that previous reports of emotion-modulated trial–transition effects are likely attributable to the effects of emotion on cognitive control processes.
THE ASSEMBLY OF SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES AT HIGH REDSHIFTS

The supermassive black holes (SMBHs) massive enough (≳ few ×109 M☉) to power the bright redshift z ≈ 6 quasars observed in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) are thought to have assembled by mergers and/or gas accretion from less massive “seed” BHs. If the seeds are the ∼102 M☉ remnant BHs from the first generation of stars, they must be in place well before redshift z = 6, and must avoid being ejected from their parent protogalaxies by the large (several ×102 km s−1) kicks they suffer from gravitational-radiation-induced recoil during mergers with other BHs. We simulate the SMBH mass function at redshift z > 6 using dark matter halo merger trees, coupled with a prescription for the halo occupation fraction, accretion histories, and radial recoil trajectories of the growing BHs. Our purpose is (1) to map out plausible scenarios for successful assembly of the z ≈ 6 quasar BHs by exploring a wide region of parameter space, and (2) to predict the rate of low-frequency gravitational wave events detectable by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) for each such scenario. Our main findings are as follows: (1) ∼100 M☉ seed BHs can grow into the SDSS quasar BHs without super-Eddington accretion, but only if they form in minihalos at z ≳ 30 and subsequently accrete ≳60% of the time; (2) the scenarios with optimistic assumptions required to explain the SDSS quasar BHs overproduce the mass density in lower mass (few ×105 M☉ ≲ Mbh≲ few × 107 M☉) BHs by a factor of 102–103, unless seeds stop forming, or accrete at a severely diminished rates or duty cycles (e.g., due to feedback), at z ≲ 20–30. We also present several successful assembly models and their LISA detection rates, including a “maximal” model that gives the highest rate (∼30 yr−1 at z = 6) without overproducing the total SMBH density.
Pulled-Over Rates, Causal Attributions, and Trust in Police

A growing literature documents racial disparities throughout the American criminal justice system. Yet, even as this evidence accumulates and garners increasing media attention, we know relatively little about the consequences of this type of information for public opinion. We incorporate insights from attribution theory to suggest that people differ in the cause they attribute to racial disparities in the justice system, and these different causal attributions profoundly affect attitudes and responses to information. Using two survey experiments, we find that attributions for the cause of racial disparities in pulled-over rates have a substantial impact on trust in police, and perhaps more importantly, alter susceptibility to persuasion and attitude change. Learning about racial disparities in pulled-over rates reduces trust in police, but only for predictable subsets of the citizenry.
Popular, rejected, neglected, controversial, or average : Do young children of different sociometric groups differ in their level of oral communicative competence?

Children’s sociometric status refers to their position within the peer group and plays a major role in their future social development. It is therefore important to investigate factors that are related to it. To date, little attention has been paid to the potential role of oral communicative competence. The present study investigated sociometric group differences in the level of oral communicative competence in a sample of N = 570 children in early childhood education. Sociometric status was measured using a nomination procedure. Based on peer nominations, children were categorized into five sociometric groups: (1) popular (generally well-liked), (2) rejected (generally disliked), (3) neglected (low visibility and neither liked nor disliked), (4) controversial (high visibility and both liked and disliked), and (5) average (at or about the mean on both likability and visibility). Children’s level of oral communicative competence was assessed with the Nijmegen Test for Pragmatics. Results of multi-level analyses revealed significant sociometric group differences: children who were rejected or neglected by their peers exhibited lower levels of oral communicative competence than average children. Based on these findings, teachers in early childhood education are encouraged to pay more explicit attention to the promotion of their pupils’ oral communicative competence.
A key management scheme for wireless sensor networks based on vector group

This paper proposes a new key management scheme for wireless sensor networks to reduce the memory and communication overhead, and improve the security capacity. Comparing with the typical key pre-distribution schemes, a new method of establishing keys is adopted, and is analyzed deeply in three important performance indexes. The theory of liner combination is applied to generate the keys using the random vectors in vector group. In order to validate such positive effects of the proposed scheme, simulations are performed on the software of Matlab7.1. The results of simulations demonstrate that the proposed scheme has better performances to improve the resilience to node capture of the networks and reduces the memory and communication overhead than that of key pre-distribution schemes.
Mutations in Streptomycin Resistance Genes and Their Relationship to Streptomycin Resistance and Lineage of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Thai Isolates

Background Streptomycin (SM) is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a part of standard regimens for retreating multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases. The incidence of MDR-TB in retreatment cases was 19% in Thailand. To date, information on SM resistance (SMR) gene mutations correlated to the SMR of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Thai isolates is limited. In this study, the mutations in rpsL, rrs, gidB, and whiB7 were investigated and their association to SMR and the lineage of M. tuberculosis were explored. Methods The lineages of 287 M. tuberculosis collected from 2007 to 2011 were identified by spoligotyping. Drug susceptibility profiles were evaluated by the absolute concentration method. Mutations in SMR genes of 46 SM-resistant and 55 SM-susceptible isolates were examined by DNA sequencing. Results Three rpsL (Lys43Arg, Lys88Arg, and Lys88Thr) and two gidB (Trp45Ter and Gly69Asp) mutations were present exclusively in the SM resistant M. tuberculosis. Lys43Arg rpsL was the most predominant SMR mutations (69.6%) and prevailed among Beijing isolates (p<0.001). No SMR-related mutation in was found rrs. The combination of rpsL and gidB mutations provided 76.1% sensitivity for detecting SMR in M. tuberculosis Thai isolates. whiB7 was not responsible for SMR in SM resistant isolates lacking rpsL and rrs mutations. The significance of the three gidB mutations, 276A>C, 615A>G, and 330G>T, as lineage signatures for Beijing and EAI were underscored. This study identified 423G>A gidB as a novel sub-lineage marker for EAI6-BGD1. Conclusion Our study suggested that the majority of SMR in M. tuberculosis Thai isolates were responsible by rpsL and gidB polymorphisms constantly providing the novel lineage specific makers.
Interprocedural Functional Shape Analysis using Local Heaps

We present a framework for interprocedural shape analysis, which is contextand flow-sensitive with the ability to perform destructive pointer updates. Instances of the framework are precise enough to prove the absence of program errors such as null dereferences, memory leaks and verify conformance to API specifications. Technically, our analysis computes procedure summaries as transformers from inputs to outputs while ignoring parts of the heap not relevant to the procedure. This makes the analysis modular in the heap and thus allows reusing the effect of a procedure at different call-sites and even between different contexts occurring at the same call-site. A prototype of our framework was implemented and used to verify interesting properties of heap manipulating programs.
Resonant Tunnelling through InAs Quantum Dots in Tilted Magnetic Fields: Experimental Determination of the g-Factor Anisotropy

We have determined the Lande factor g * in self-organized InAs quantum dots using resonant-tunnelling experiments. With the magnetic field applied parallel to the growth direction z we find g * ∥ = 0.74 for the specific dot investigated. When the magnetic field is tilted away by from the growth axis, g * gradually increases up to a value g * ⊥ = 0.92 when B ⊥ z. Its angular dependence is found to follow the phenomenological behaviour g * () = √(g * ∥ cos ) 2 + (g * ⊥ sin ) 2 .
Trapping conversational speech: extending TRAP/tandem approaches to conversational telephone speech recognition

Temporal patterns (TRAP) and tandem MLP/HMM approaches incorporate feature streams computed from longer time intervals than the conventional short-time analysis. These methods have been used for challenging small- and medium-vocabulary recognition tasks, such as Aurora and SPINE. Conversational telephone speech recognition is a difficult large-vocabulary task, with current systems giving incorrect output for 20-40% of the words, depending on the system complexity and test set. Training and test times for this problem also tend to be relatively long, making rapid development quite difficult. In this paper we report experiments with a reduced conversational speech task that led to the adoption of a number of engineering decisions for the design of an acoustic front end. We then describe our results with this front end on a full-vocabulary conversational telephone speech task. In both cases the front end yielded significant improvements over the baseline.
The Validity of the Cracow Instrument in the Prediction of Antisocial Development in Preschool Children: A Five-Year Longitudinal Community-Based Study

ABSTRACT Risk-focused early intervention is a very promising approach for preventing antisocial development in childhood and youth. Therefore, at a NATO Advanced Study Institute the Cracow Instrument was developed (Corrado, 2002). The Cracow Instrument is a developmentally based risk management instrument designed to identify children and youth at-risk for serious and violent antisocial behavior. The current study examines the prospective validity of the Cracow Instrument utilizing the Erlangen-Nuremberg Development and Prevention Study (e.g., Lösel, Stemmler, & Bender, 2013). At the first assessment, the community sample contained 675 male and female children at preschool age (M = 4.7 years). For example, for a broad scale on externalizing problems the predictive validity was r = . 52 (AUC = .78) after one year and r = . 42 (AUC = .75) after five years. Overall, the predictive validity of the Cracow Instrument was satisfactory. Implications for its practical application in risk management are discussed.
Student Teachers’ Views on Grammar and Grammar Teaching, and its Communication to their Students

The present article builds on the study entitled “English Grammar: Views of Student Teachers and Communication of Grammar to their Students” carried out under and submitted to University Grants Commission, Nepal. The study adopted the mixed-methods of questionnaire and semi-structured classroom observation. Against a brief theoretical background of grammar and grammar teaching and review of the related literature, the article presents respondent teachers’ views on grammar and grammar teaching collected by means of a set of questionnaire. Their views are further compared with the classroom data collected by observation. It is found that there is a lack of congruence between the teachers’ views, and their actual classroom practices in the areas, such as methods, techniques, resources and activities. Finally, the article presents conclusion and some pedagogical recommendations for teachers and teacher educators. Journal of NELTA , Vol. 22, No. 1-2, 2017 December, page: 89-102
Biosafety of the Novel Vancomycin-loaded Bone-like Hydroxyapatite/Poly-amino Acid Bony Scaffold

Background:Recently, local sustained-release antibiotics systems have been developed because they can increase local foci of concentrated antibiotics without increasing the plasma concentration, and thereby effectively decrease any systemic toxicity and side effects. A vancomycin-loaded bone-like hydroxyapatite/poly-amino acid (V-BHA/PAA) bony scaffold was successfully fabricated with vancomycin-loaded poly lactic-co-glycolic acid microspheres and BHA/PAA, which was demonstrated to exhibit both porosity and perfect biodegradability. The aim of this study was to systematically evaluate the biosafety of this novel scaffold by conducting toxicity tests in vitro and in vivo. Methods:According to the ISO rules for medical implant biosafety, for in vitro tests, the scaffold was incubated with L929 fibroblasts or rabbit noncoagulant blood, with simultaneous creation of positive control and negative control groups. The growth condition of L929 cells and hemolytic ratio were respectively evaluated after various incubation periods. For in vivo tests, a chronic osteomyelitis model involving the right proximal tibia of New Zealand white rabbits was established. After bacterial identification, the drug-loaded scaffold, drug-unloaded BHA/PAA, and poly (methyl methacrylate) were implanted, and a blank control group was also set up. Subsequently, the in vivo blood drug concentrations were measured, and the kidney and liver functions were evaluated. Results:In the in vitro tests, the cytotoxicity grades of V-BHA/PAA and BHA/PAA-based on the relative growth rate were all below 1. The hemolysis ratios of V-BHA/PAA and BHA/PAA were 2.27% and 1.42%, respectively, both below 5%. In the in vivo tests, the blood concentration of vancomycin after implantation of V-BHA/PAA was measured at far below its toxic concentration (60 mg/L), and the function and histomorphology of the liver and kidney were all normal. Conclusion:According to ISO standards, the V-BHA/PAA scaffold is considered to have sufficient safety for clinical utilization.