Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Popliteal venous aneurysms and iliac vein compression: a possible association

Popliteal venous aneurysms have always been linked to death from pulmonary embolism. Incidental finding of an asymptomatic popliteal venous aneurysm during duplex scan performed for patients with chronic venous disease is increasingly diagnosed but the relation between popliteal venous aneurysms and chronic venous disease remains unknown. We report the incidental finding of three asymptomatic popliteal venous aneurysms associated with iliac vein compression in patients with chronic venous disease who had undergone computed tomography venography with direct pedal contrast injection. An association between popliteal venous aneurysms and iliac vein compression is postulated.
Context, Ambiguity, and Classical Conditioning

Ambiguity is a fundamental as pect of language. Words and phrases often have more than one meaning. The ambiguity is resolved, at least in part, by information pro vided by the context. For example, "Fire! " has different meanings, and evokes very different responses, in the movie theater and in the shoot ing gallery. I would like to suggest that ambiguity and context may be just as important in classical condi tioning. When Pavlovian cues have multiple meanings, the behavior they evoke also depends on the cur rent context.
Are there gender differences in self-reported smoking practices? Correlation with thiocyanate and cotinine levels in smokers and nonsmokers from the Pawtucket Heart Health Program.

OBJECTIVES This study compared serum cotinine and thiocyanate in assessment of self-reported smoking behavior among 1400 men and 1809 women from two New England communities. METHODS Serum thiocyanate and serum cotinine levels were analyzed on 2411 and 798 survey respondents, respectively, in an attempt to provide an objective measurement for validation of self-reported smoking behaviors that were obtained through an in-home interviewer-administered questionnaire. Cross-sectional household surveys were conducted with randomly selected men and women, aged 18-65, between 1981 and 1993 as part of the evaluation of the Pawtucket Heart Health Program. RESULTS Among smokers, the thiocyanate test had similar rates of agreement for women(88.0%) and for men (89.3%). However, among nonsmokers, thiocyanate had higher rates of agreement for women (91.5%) than for men (85.2%). For cotinine, the rates of agreement among smokers were higher for women (91.6%) than for men (89.7%). Similarly, the rates of agreement among nonsmokers were also higher for women (93.9%) than for men (91.9%). Overall,serum cotinine had a higher concordance rate than serum thiocyanate for both men and women. CONCLUSIONS Although our results suggested that there were some differences in self-reporting of smoking status by gender, results were quite similar between self-reports of smoking and both biochemical tests. The results obtained from this large population-based study from two New England communities lend credibility to the use of self-reports as a low-cost accurate approach to obtaining information on smoking behaviors among both men and women in large population-based health surveys.
Intertemporal Similarity: Discounting as a Last Resort

Standard models of intertemporal choice assume that individuals discount future payoffs by integrating reward amounts and time delays to generate a discounted value. Alternative models propose that, rather than integrate across them, individuals compare within attributes (amounts and delays) to determine if differences in one attribute outweigh differences in another attribute. For instance, the similarity model 1) compares the two reward amounts to determine whether they are similar, 2) compares the similarity of the two time delays, and then 3) makes a decision based on these similarity judgments. Here, I tested discounting models against attribute-based models that use similarity judgments to make choices. I collected intertemporal choices and similarity judgments for the reward amounts and time delays from participants in three experiments. All experiments tested the ability of discounting and similarity models to predict intertemporal choices. Model generalization analyses showed that the best predicting models started with similarity judgments and then, if similarity failed to make a prediction, resorted to discounting models. Similarity judgments also matched intertemporal choice data demonstrating both the magnitude and sign effects, thereby accounting for behavioral data that contradict many discounting models. These results highlight the possibility that attribute-based models such as the similarity models provide alternatives to discounting that may offer insights into the process of making intertemporal choices
What Makes a Paper Influential and Frequently Cited?

Social trends that raised the value of esoteric expertise, stimulated the creation of knowledge-intensive firms and so created an opportunity to study some organizations that academics had overlooked. A lack of presuppositions, a useful research method, and thoughtful experts in these firms helped to uncover some surprising behaviours. The resulting paper attracted citations and may have stimulated research about knowledge as a business resource and a managerial challenge. However, the topic continues to pose questions for further research.
Multicultural and popular music content in an American music teacher education program

The teaching of multicultural music, and to a lesser extent popular music, has been the stated goal of music education policy makers for many decades. Accordingly, the purpose of this study was to estimate the amount and percentage of time music education majors in a university teacher education program spent on 13 styles of music in history, theory and performance courses during a four-year program, both in and out of class. Subjects were the entire population of undergraduate pre-service music teachers from one large university music school in the southwestern United States (N = 80). Estimates were provided by the course instructors. Subjects spent widely disparate amounts of time on musics of the western art (92.83%), western non-art (6.94%), and non-western (.23%) traditions, with little time (.54%) devoted to popular music. The discussion centers on solutions sometimes proffered for musically unbalanced music teacher education programs, implications relative to accreditation and national music standards in the USA, and changes implemented by the institution under study. Contenu multi-culturel et populaire dans un programme américain de formation d'enseignants de musique. L'enseignement de la musique multi-culturelle et, dans une proportion moins importante, l'enseignement de la musique populaire ont été deux objectifs explicitement avoués par les responsables des politiques de l'éducation musicale pendant plusieurs décennies. En rapposrt avec cela, le but de cette étude a été d'évaluer en termes absolus et proportionnels le temps que les cours de formation d'enseignants de musique consacrent à 13 différents styles musicaux dans leurs matières d'histoire, de théorie et de performance, dans le cadre d'un programme de quatre années scolaires, soit en salle de classe, soit en activités hors salle. Notre recherche a eu pour sujets la population toute entière d'étudiants du cours de licence pour la formation d'enseignants de musique d'une grande université du sud-ouest américain (N = 80). Les estimations ont été fournies par les professeurs du cours. Les sujets ont consacré des quantités de temps très inégales à la musique occidentale artistique (92.83%), à la musique occidentale non artistique (6.94%) et aux traditions non-occidentales (.23%), tandis qu'un temps très réduit (.54%) a été consacré à la musique populaire. La discussion porte sur les solutions parfois proposées pour les programmes d'éducation musicale qui présentent ce genre de désequilibre, sur les implications pour l'attribution de points de valeur, sur les canons musicaux en vigueur aux …tats-Unis et sur les changements qui ont été introduits dans l'institution qui a fait l'objet de l'étude.
Thermophoresis: moving particles with thermal gradients

Thermophoresis is particle motion induced by thermal gradients. Akin to other nonequilibrium transport processes such as thermal diffusion in fluid mixtures, it is both experimentally and theoretically a challenging subject. New insights stemming from careful experimental surveys and strict theoretical models have however shed light on the underlying physical mechanisms, enabling depiction of thermophoresis as a subtle interfacial effect. These recent advancements open up alluring perspectives to exploit thermophoresis as a novel tool in macromolecular fractionation, microfluidic manipulation, and selective tuning of colloidal structures.
“Figuring” Bidirectional Home and School Connections Along the Biliteracy Continuum

This article centers on the significant practices identified by bilingual teachers who participated in Proyecto Bilingüe, a specialized master’s degree program. The notion of bidirectional theory of bilingual pedagogy and the theoretical construct of the continua of biliteracy are utilized to illustrate how the teachers centered home and school connections in their curriculum. Specific analysis is done on the ways the teachers create spaces of authoring for themselves, for students, and for their families and communities. These authoring spaces served to elevate the status of bilingual education, bilingual teachers, bilingual learners, and the Spanish language. Sustaining dynamic exchange flows through bidirectional intent between home and school can have profound impact in social and academic outcomes.
Two Generations of “Gold Standards”: The Impact of a Decade in Hepatitis E Virus Testing Innovation on Population Seroprevalence

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a global pathogen responsible for approximately 20 million infections every year in developing countries, yet remains under-recognized. In this population-based cohort study, 1,025 randomly selected participants were enrolled from Matlab, Bangladesh (2004–2005). All participants were tested for HEV antibodies and total immunoglobulin (Ig), using an in-house enzyme immunoassay developed by Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR). In 2014, we retested the banked sera of 1,009 of those participants using the Wantai anti-HEV IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The WRAIR assay estimated the overall population seroprevalence as 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 24.0, 29.5), whereas the Wantai assay produced significantly higher estimated seroprevalence, 46.7% (95% CI: 43.5–49.8) (P < 0.001). However, the two tests give nearly identical findings in those 5 years and under (N = 94) with a 98% agreement between the tests. Retesting populations with modern assays is necessary to establish better population-level estimates of disease burden.
Is TURBT able to cure high risk recurrent superficial or muscle invasive bladder cancer: factors resulting in pT0 radical cystectomy specimens.

PURPOSE In 76% of radical cystectomy patients there is discrepancy between the initial stage at transurethral resection and the final pathological stage of the cystectomy specimen. More specifically in contemporary series the absence of tumor at radical cystectomy specimens (stage pT0) is estimated at 5-25%. Our aim was to determine which factors contributed to the absence of tumor in our series of radical cystectomy patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty one patients were submitted to radical cystectomy in our department over the last 10 years (January 2002-January 2012). A thorough analysis of the patients' files with no residual tumor on the cystectomy specimen (pT0) was performed. Possible factors contributing to such a result were described and a systematic analysis of the relevant literature was performed. RESULTS Five patients had a pT0 stage after radical cystectomy. Four of them had transitional cell carcinoma and one of them had squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder on the initial transurethral resection. None of the tumors presented lymphovascular invasion. Four patients are still alive and one died 45 months postoperatively from a cardiac cause. CONCLUSIONS Four factors were identified in our study to contribute towards a pT0 cystectomy result. Those included the absence of lymphovascular invasion, the completeness of transurethral resection, the experience of the surgeon and the use of a standardized technique for the transurethral resection. The time to cystectomy in our series did not have a negative effect on pT0 final pathology result.
Paradigms, Purpose, and the Role of the Literature

The authors have identified three areas that are central to the rationale for conducting a qualitative research project, yet which produce confusion and uncertainty for some psychologists trained in traditional research methods. In this article, they consider how philosophy of science paradigms relate to the foundational rationale for qualitative inquiry and present suggestions for how researchers can formulate a statement of purpose and research questions that are congruent with an identified paradigm. They examine the role of scholarly literature in two areas: those of developing a rationale and in enhancing the impact of qualitative research. Examples from contemporary counseling psychology research are used to illustrate core concepts.
Max-min fair allocation of indivisible goods

We consider the problem of fairly allocating a set of m indivisible goods to n agents, given the agents’ utilities for each good. Fair allocations in this context are those maximizing the minimum utility received by any agent. We give hardness results and polynomial time approximation algorithms for several variants of this problem. Our main result is a bicriteria approximation in the model with additive utilities, in which a (1− 1 k ) fraction of the agents receive utility at least OPT/k, for any integer k. This result is obtained from rounding a suitable linear programming relaxation of the problem, and is the best possible result for our LP. We also give an O( √ n) approximation for a special case with only two classes of goods, an (m − n + 1) approximation for instances with submodular utilities, and extreme inapproximability results for the most general model with monotone utilities. This research is supported by NSF ITR grants CCR-0122581 and IIS-0121678.
Trait Emotional Intelligence and Romantic Relationship Satisfaction: A Meta-Analysis

This meta-analysis of six studies involving a total of 603 participants found a significant association (r = .32) between trait emotional intelligence and romantic relationship satisfaction. The association between the emotional intelligence of an individual and his or her self-reported romantic relationship satisfaction was significant, as was the relationship between an individual's emotional intelligence and the partner's level of satisfaction with the relationship. The association between trait emotional intelligence and romantic relationship satisfaction provides a foundation for future research, such as intervention studies aimed at increasing emotional intelligence in couples in order to increase romantic relationship satisfaction.
Beta2-agonists for acute bronchitis.

BACKGROUND There are no clearly effective treatments for the cough of acute bronchitis, and beta2-agonists are often prescribed, perhaps because clinicians suspect many patients also have reversible airflow restriction contributing to the symptoms. OBJECTIVES To determine whether beta2-agonists improve symptoms of acute bronchitis in patients who do not have underlying pulmonary disease. SEARCH STRATEGY We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library Issue 4, 2005), MEDLINE (January 1966 to November 2005) and EMBASE (1974 to November 2005). SELECTION CRITERIA Trials in which patients (adults or children over two years of age) who were diagnosed with acute bronchitis or acute cough (without known pulmonary disease and without other cause) were randomized to beta2-agonist versus placebo, no treatment or alternative treatment. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Three authors independently selected outcomes and evaluated trial quality while blinded to study results, they then extracted data. Trials in children and in adults were analyzed separately. MAIN RESULTS Two trials in children (n = 109) with acute cough and no evidence of airway obstruction did not find any benefits from beta2-agonists. Combined data did not show a significant difference in daily cough scores between patients given oral beta2-agonists and those in the control groups. Five trials in adults (n = 418) with acute cough or acute bronchitis had mixed results but overall summary statistics did not reveal any significant benefits from oral (three trials) nor inhaled (two trials) beta2-agonists. There were no significant differences in daily cough scores nor in the number of patients still coughing after seven days (control rate 73%; relative risks (RR) 0.77, 95% CI 0.54 to 1.09). Subgroups of patients with evidence of airflow limitation had lower symptom scores if given beta2-agonists, in one trial. Furthermore, the trials that did note quicker resolution of cough in patients given beta2-agonists were those that had a higher proportion of patients with wheezing at baseline. Patients given beta2-agonists were more likely to report tremor, shakiness or nervousness than patients in the control groups (for trials in children: control rate 0%; RR 6.76, 95% CI 0.86 to 53.12; number needed to harm (NNH) 9, 95% CI 5 to 100; for trials in adults: control rate 11%; RR 7.94, 95% CI 1.17 to 53.94; NNH 2.3, 95% CI 2 to 3). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is no evidence to support the use of beta2-agonists in children with acute cough who do not have evidence of airflow obstruction. There is also little evidence that the routine use of beta2-agonists is helpful for adults with acute cough. These agents may reduce symptoms, including cough, in patients with evidence of airflow obstruction. However, this potential benefit is not well-supported by the available data and must be weighed against the adverse effects associated with beta2-agonists.
Arterial pressure, end‐tidal carbon dioxide, and central venous oxygen saturation in reflecting compression depth

We sought to investigate the utility of arterial pressure, end‐tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2), and central venous oxygen saturation (SCVO2) to guide compression depth adjustment. Thus, in a pig model of cardiac arrest, we observed these parameters during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with optimal and suboptimal compression depths.
A critical reflection on the participatory action process involved in the development of a Cognitive-behavioural-based Counselling Intervention Programme for youth living with HIV/AIDS in a rural South African town

South Africa currently lacks HIV counselling interventions that are youth-specific and that meet the psychosocial needs of young people living with HIV/AIDS. Indigenous strategies and interventions need to be developed that cater for the psychosocial needs of South African youth living with HIV/AIDS. By using Participatory Action Research (PAR) a Cognitive-behavioural-based Counselling Intervention Programme (CBCIP) was developed for use in a rural South African town. This article discusses the participatory action process involved in the development of the CBCIP. It shows how PAR theory relates to practice by highlighting the benefits, challenges and caveats in applying PAR within a rural setting. The lessons that were learned in the development of the CBCIP may provide future researchers with useful insight and foresight in the development of HIV counselling interventions for young people living with HIV/AIDS in South Africa.
The Impact of Self-efficacy on Innovative Work Behavior for Teachers

The purpose of this study aims to examine the impact of Self-efficacy on Innovative Work Behavior for Teachers in Taiwan. The randomly stratified sampling method is used in this study to select 546 secondary school teachers from 20 public/private schools in the northern region of Taiwan. The data is analyzed using the descriptive statistics, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and regression analysis. First, the results indicate that out of the three important ranking is at Teachers' self-efficacy, two are at "Self-efficacy towards Guiding Groups"-related, and one is at "Self-efficacy towards Using Innovations. " However, the results indicate that three domains of Teachers' Self-efficacy in this study are well-performance as well as Innovative Work Behavior. The results also indicate that there is a strong positive relationship between Teachers' Self-efficacy (TSE) and Innovative Work Behavior (IWB). However, there is no statistical correlation between Self-efficacy towards using innovations and IWB's all scales. Teachers with higher self-efficacy have shown better work innovative behavior. TSE is a significant contributing factor to IWB. Several recommendations are made in the study.
Multicentre phase II study of oxaliplatin as a single-agent in cisplatin/carboplatin +/- taxane-pretreated ovarian cancer patients.

BACKGROUND This multicentre phase II open-label study evaluated safety and antitumour activity of oxaliplatin in cisplatin or carboplatin (cis/carboplatin) +/- taxane-pretreated advanced ovarian cancer (AOC) patients. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty-eight patients received oxaliplatin 130 mg/M2 intravenously every 3 weeks, 94% having a performance status (PS) 0-1. All were pretreated with cis/carboplatin and 21 (44%) with paclitaxel. The median number of involved organs was two, 18 (38%) had liver metastasis, 23 (48%) were platinum-resistant and 14 (29%) were taxane-resistant. Forty-two patients were evaluable for a response, 18 (43%) were platinum-resistant and 11 (26%) were taxane-resistant. RESULTS A total of 253 cycles was administered (median: 5.5/patient). Median cumulative oxaliplatin dose was 666 mg/m2. National Cancer Institute-Common Toxicity Criteria toxicity analysis showed that seven patients (15%) had grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia, two patients (4%) had grade 3 neutropenia, and one patient had grade 3 anaemia. Eleven patients (23%) experienced grade 3 neurosensory toxicity. Of the 29 patients with peripheral neuropathy at the end of treatment, 55% had recovered or improved 1 month later. Eleven objective responses (two complete) were obtained in the 42 evaluable patients [ORR 26%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 14% to 42%], with 10/24 (42%, 95% CI 22% to 63%) in platinum-sensitive, and 1 of 18 (5.6%, 95% CI 0% to 27%) in platinum-resistant patients. Median response duration was 9.2 months (95% CI 6.6% to 11.8%), and median progression-free and overall survival in all treated patients were 4.3 months (95% CI 3.0% to 5.7%) and 15.0 months (95% CI 11.1% to 18.8%), respectively. CONCLUSION Oxaliplatin has a good safety profile and is active in cis/carboplatin +/- paclitaxel-pretreated AOC patients.
CSR as Organization–Employee Relationship Management Strategy

This study examined corporate social responsibility (CSR) as a probable relationship management strategy that could strengthen relationships between organizations and their employees. Specifically, this study explored linkages between employee perceptions of their organizations’ CSR practices and organization–employee relationship dimensions of trust, commitment, satisfaction, and control mutuality. Results, based on a survey (N = 244) with employees of two large, publicly listed companies in India, revealed strong, significant, and positive associations between CSR and organization–employee relationships, especially between legal, ethical, and discretionary dimensions of CSR and relationships. CSR is then proposed as a relationship management strategy, especially in the context of employee relations.