Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ontological Multidimensional Data Models and Contextual Data Quality

Data quality assessment and data cleaning are context-dependent activities. Motivated by this observation, we propose the Ontological Multidimensional Data Model (OMD model), which can be used to model and represent contexts as logic-based ontologies. The data under assessment are mapped into the context for additional analysis, processing, and quality data extraction. The resulting contexts allow for the representation of dimensions, and multidimensional data quality assessment becomes possible. At the core of a multidimensional context, we include a generalized multidimensional data model and a Datalog± ontology with provably good properties in terms of query answering. These main components are used to represent dimension hierarchies, dimensional constraints, and dimensional rules and define predicates for quality data specification. Query answering relies on and triggers navigation through dimension hierarchies and becomes the basic tool for the extraction of quality data. The OMD model is interesting per se beyond applications to data quality. It allows for a logic-based and computationally tractable representation of multidimensional data, extending previous multidimensional data models with additional expressive power and functionalities.
Automatic extraction of titles from general documents using machine learning

We propose a machine learning approach to title extraction from general documents. By general documents, we mean documents that can belong to any one of a number of specific genres, including presentations, book chapters, technical papers, brochures, reports, and letters. Previously, methods have been proposed mainly for title extraction from research papers. It has not been clear whether it could be possible to conduct automatic title extraction from general documents. As a case study, we consider extraction from Office including Word and PowerPoint. In our approach, we annotate titles in sample documents (for Word and PowerPoint respectively) and take them as training data, train machine learning models, and perform title extraction using the trained models. Our method is unique in that we mainly utilize formatting information such as font size as features in the models. It turns out that the use of formatting information can lead to quite accurate extraction from general documents. Precision and recall for title extraction from Word is 0.810 and 0.837 respectively, and precision and recall for title extraction from PowerPoint is 0.875 and 0.895 respectively in an experiment on intranet data. Other important new findings in this work include that we can train models in one domain and apply them to another domain, and more surprisingly we can even train models in one language and apply them to another language. Moreover, we can significantly improve search ranking results in do document retrieval by using the extracted titles
The Brain Network Underpinning Novel Melody Creation

Musical improvisation offers an excellent experimental paradigm for the study of real-time human creativity. It involves moment-to-moment decision-making, monitoring of one's performance, and utilizing external feedback to spontaneously create new melodies or variations on a melody. Recent neuroimaging studies have begun to study the brain activity during musical improvisation, aiming to unlock the mystery of human creativity. What brain resources come together and how these are utilized during musical improvisation are not well understood. To help answer these questions, we recorded electroencephalography (EEG) signals from 19 experienced musicians while they played or imagined short isochronous learned melodies and improvised on those learned melodies. These four conditions (Play-Prelearned, Play-Improvised, Imagine-Prelearned, Imagine-Improvised) were randomly interspersed in a total of 300 trials per participant. From the sensor-level EEG, we found that there were power differences in the alpha (8-12 Hz) and beta (13-30 Hz) bands in separate clusters of frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital electrodes. Using EEG source localization and dipole modeling methods for task-related signals, we identified the locations and network activities of five sources: the left superior frontal gyrus (L SFG), supplementary motor area (SMA), left inferior parietal lobule (L IPL), right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and right superior temporal gyrus. During improvisation, the network activity between L SFG, SMA, and L IPL was significantly less than during the prelearned conditions. Our results support the general idea that attenuated cognitive control facilitates the production of creative output.
Bisphosphonate-containing coatings for bone implants

Bone implants are extensively used to replace joints affected by skeletal problems. Challenges remain to further improve the clinical outcomes of implants. A fast and strong implant fixation would improve the patient's quality of life and reduce implant failure risk. The service life of implants needs to be extended, particularly for the younger patients. A logical approach to these challenges is to control the peri-implant bone formation and remodeling. Bisphosphonate drugs, potent osteoclast inhibitors, are the appropriate choice for this purpose. This thesis studied bisphosphonate-containing coatings on bone implants for local drug delivery. A reproducible electrolytic deposition (ELD) process was developed to prepare calcium phosphate (CaP) coatings on Ti and Ta as bisphosphonate carrier. The ELD parameters were experimentally determined. Microporous coatings containing octacalciumphosphate were obtained; the pore sizes were 0.5-1 um. The ELD current showed a rapid Cottrell-type decay followed by a prolonged nearly-constant stage, corresponding to proton reduction and molecular water electrolysis, respectively. Alendronate was chemically adsorbed on the CaP coating, and the in vitro release from the coated porous Ta implant was slow, with -10% released after 7 days. The ELD technique was extended to process solid bisphosphonate coatings. Uniform coatings of calcium-etidronate and calcium-alendronate were deposited on Ti and porous Ta. The ELD process did not alter the molecular structures of the bisphosphonates. The solubility of the coatings in a "physiological" buffer solution was 6 x l O " 5 M for Ca-
Image Recognition Using Scale Recurrent Neural Networks

Convolutional Neural Network(CNN) has been widely used for image recognition with great success. However, there are a number of limitations of the current CNN based image recognition paradigm. First, the receptive field of CNN is generally fixed, which limits its recognition capacity when the input image is very large. Second, it lacks the computational scalability for dealing with images with different sizes. Third, it is quite different from human visual system for image recognition, which involves both feadforward and recurrent proprocessing. This paper proposes a different paradigm of image recognition, which can take advantages of variable scales of the input images, has more computational scalabilities, and is more similar to image recognition by human visual system. It is based on recurrent neural network (RNN) defined on image scale with an embeded base CNN, which is named Scale Recurrent Neural Network(SRNN). This RNN based approach makes it easier to deal with images with variable sizes, and allows us to borrow existing RNN techniques, such as LSTM and GRU, to further enhance the recognition accuracy. Our experiments show that the recognition accuracy of a base CNN can be significantly boosted using the proposed SRNN models. It also significantly outperforms the scale ensemble method, which integrate the results of performing CNN to the input image at different scales, although the computational overhead of using SRNN is negligible.
Dynamic sympathetic regulation of left ventricular contractility studied in the isolated canine heart.

We investigated the dynamic sympathetic regulation of left ventricular end-systolic elastance ( E es) using an isolated canine ventricular preparation with functioning sympathetic nerves intact. We estimated the transfer function from both stellate ganglion stimulation to E es and ganglion stimulation to heart rate (HR) for both left and right ganglia by means of the white noise approach and transformed those transfer functions into corresponding step responses. The HR response was much larger with right sympathetic stimulation than with left sympathetic stimulation (4.3 ± 1.4 vs. 0.7 ± 0.6 beats ⋅ min-1 ⋅ Hz-1, P < 0.01). In contrast, the E es responses without pacing were not significantly different between left and right sympathetic stimulation (0.72 ± 0.34 vs. 0.76 ± 0.42 mmHg ⋅ ml-1 ⋅ Hz-1). Fixed-rate pacing significantly decreased the E es response to right sympathetic stimulation (0.53 ± 0.43 mmHg ⋅ ml-1 ⋅ Hz-1, P < 0.01), but not to left sympathetic stimulation (0.67 ± 0.32 mmHg ⋅ ml-1 ⋅ Hz-1, not significant). Although the mechanism by which the sympathetic nervous system regulates cardiac contractility is different depending on whether the left or right sympathetic nerves are activated, this difference does not affect the apparent response of E es to dynamic sympathetic stimulation.
Ternary composites based on PP-EPDM blends reinforced with flax fibers. Part II : Mechanical properties/morphology relationship

The mechanical properties and morphology of ternary composites based on PP-EPDM blends reinforced with natural flax fibers are analyzed. In order to evaluate the simultaneous effect of the incorporation of both elastomer and fibers, an experimental design based on a Doehlert Uniform Net has been employed. The tensile, flexural and impact behaviors of the composites are investigated, and the results show that flax fibers behave as an effective reinforcing agent in these systems. In fact, a considerable increase in the studied properties in the presence of the fibers was observed. It is interesting to note that the reinforcing effect is more noticeable as the EPDM content in the blend increases. Morphological studies by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were also carried out.
An Overview of Hox Genes in Lophotrochozoa: Evolution and Functionality

Hox genes are regulators of animal embryonic development. Changes in the number and sequence of Hox genes as well as in their expression patterns have been related to the evolution of the body plan. Lophotrochozoa is a clade of Protostomia characterized by several phyla which show a wide morphological diversity. Despite that the works summarized in this review emphasize the fragmentary nature of the data available regarding the presence and expression of Hox genes, they also offer interesting insight into the evolution of the Hox cluster and the role played by Hox genes in several phyla. However, the number of genes involved in the cluster of the lophotrochozoan ancestor is still a question of debate. The data presented here suggest that at least nine genes were present while two other genes, Lox4 and Post-2, may either have been present in the ancestor or may have arisen as a result of duplication in the Brachiopoda-Mollusca-Annelida lineage. Spatial and temporal collinearity is a feature of Hox gene expression which was probably present in the ancestor of deuterostomes and protostomes. However, in Lophotrochozoa, it has been detected in only a few species belonging to Annelida and Mollusca.
C-terminus of OX2R significantly affects downstream signaling pathways

The human orexin 2 receptor (OX2R) is a G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that has been implicated in a number of diverse physiological functions. Recent studies have identified a number of functions of the C-termini of GPCRs. However, the importance of the OX2R C-terminus in regulating signaling and surface expression remains unclear. In the present study, the function of the OX2R C-terminus was investigated using three C-terminal mutants, which were truncated at residues 368, 384 and 414, respectively, and the wild-type control, which expressed the full-length OX2R. HEK-293 cells were transfected with the mutated and control OX2R constructs. ELISA, western blot analysis and calcium assays were used to investigate the effects of the mutations on OX2R function. The present results demonstrated that residues 385–414 and 415–444 exhibited a cumulative effect on the surface expression of OX2R. Residues 369–384 exhibited a significant influence on inositol phosphate production and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 phosphorylation. Residues 385–414 significantly influenced agonist-induced internalization, whereas residues 369–384 and 385–414 significantly influenced Ca2+ release. The results of the present study suggest that the C-terminus of OX2R is important for its role in various physiological and pathological processes, and may therefore be associated with such disorders as depression and anorexia.
Study of Serum Levels of Some Oxidative Stress Markers in Children with Helicobacter pylori Infection.

BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori are gram-negative spiral shaped bacteria, with sheathed flagella. H. pylori infection is one of the most common chronic infections in humans. Infection is usually acquired during childhood, and becomes a lifelong infection in most people unless treated. The aim of this study was to evaluate serum levels of oxidative stress indices in children with H. pylori infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS The present study was carried out on 60 children infected with H. pylori including 28 males, 32 females with their age ranging from 7-10 years and mean age value of 8.5 ± 1.65 ( Group I). This study included also 60 children as a control group including 26 males, 34 females with their age ranging from 7-11 and mean age value of 8.99 ± 1.63 (Group II). For all children in groups I the following were done: Diagnosis of H. pylori infection through H. pylori stool antigen testing using enzyme immunoassay kit and gastric antrum mucosal biopsies which were tested for urease activity using Campylobacter like organism test (CLO test). Measurements of serum oxidative stress markers including Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Malondialdhyde, Glutathione, Catalase and Nitric oxide were done in patients and controls. RESULTS Serum nitric oxide and reduced glutathione were significantly lower in patients compared to controls while serum MDA, Serum catalase and Serum SOD were significantly higher in patients compared to controls (nitric oxide was 91.111 ±6.366 in patients versus 107.211±2.121 in controls with p value of 0.001, reduced glutathione in patients was 2.457± 0.081 versus 2.889±0.491 in controls with p value of 0.001, serum MDA in patients was 140.22±5.18 versus 116.22±2.98 in controls with p value of 0.001, catalase was 401.645± 4.344 versus 278.221±71.712 in controls with p value of 0.001 and SOD in patients was 16.936±9.145 versus 5.578±0.231 in controls with p value of 0.001). CONCLUSION H. pylori infection is associated with oxidative stress with significantly lower serum nitric oxide and reduced glutathione and significantly higher serum MDA, catalase and SOD in patients compared to controls. RECOMMENDATIONS Antioxidants may be beneficial adjuvant treatment in H. pylori infection as H. pylori infection is associated with oxidative stress.
Insulin regulation of renal glucose metabolism in humans.

Eighteen healthy subjects had arterialized hand and renal veins catheterized after an overnight fast. Systemic and renal glucose and glycerol kinetics were measured with [6,6-2H2]glucose and [2-13C]glycerol before and after 180-min peripheral infusions of insulin at 0.125 (LO) or 0.25 (HI) mU ⋅ kg-1 ⋅ min-1with variable [6,6-2H2]dextrose or saline (control). Renal plasma flow was determined by plasma p-aminohippurate clearance. Arterial insulin increased from 37 ± 8 to 53 ± 5 (LO) and to 102 ± 10 pM (HI, P < 0.01) but not in control (35 ± 8 pM). Arterial glucose did not change and averaged 5.2 ± 0.1 (control), 4.7 ± 0.2 (LO), and 5.1 ± 0.2 (HI) μmol/ml; renal vein glucose decreased from 4.8 ± 0.2 to 4.5 ± 0.2 μmol/ml (LO) and from 5.3 ± 0.2 to 4.9 ± 0.1 μmol/ml (HI) with insulin but not saline infusion (5.3 ± 0.1 μmol/ml). Endogenous glucose production decreased from 9.9 ± 0.7 to 6.9 ± 0.5 (LO) and to 5.7 ± 0.5 (HI) μmol ⋅ kg-1 ⋅ min-1; renal glucose production decreased from 2.5 ± 0.6 to 1.5 ± 0.5 (LO) and to 1.2 ± 0.6 (HI) μmol ⋅ kg-1 ⋅ min-1, whereas renal glucose utilization increased from 1.5 ± 0.6 to 2.6 ± 0.7 (LO) and to 2.9 ± 0.7 (HI) μmol ⋅ kg-1 ⋅ min-1after insulin infusion (all P < 0.05 vs. baseline). Neither endogenous glucose production (10.0 ± 0.4), renal glucose production (1.1 ± 0.4), nor renal glucose utilization (0.8 ± 0.4) changed in the control group. During insulin infusion, systemic gluconeogenesis from glycerol decreased from 0.67 ± 0.05 to 0.18 ± 0.02 (LO) and from 0.60 ± 0.04 to 0.20 ± 0.02 (HI) μmol ⋅ kg-1 ⋅ min-1( P < 0.01), and renal gluconeogenesis from glycerol decreased from 0.10 ± 0.02 to 0.02 ± 0.02 (LO) and from 0.15 ± 0.03 to 0.09 ± 0.03 (HI) μmol ⋅ kg-1 ⋅ min-1( P < 0.05). In contrast, during saline infusion, systemic (0.66 ± 0.03 vs. 0.82 ± 0.05 μmol ⋅ kg-1 ⋅ min-1) and renal gluconeogenesis from glycerol (0.11 ± 0.02 vs. 0.41 ± 0.04 μmol ⋅ kg-1 ⋅ min-1) increased ( P < 0.05 vs. baseline). We conclude that glucose production and utilization by the kidney are important insulin-responsive components of glucose metabolism in humans.
Use of recombinant human soluble TNF receptor in anorectic tumor-bearing rats.

With progression of tumor growth, rats demonstrate anorexia and reduced food intake, a function of meal number and meal size. Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), a recognized anorectic agent, reacts with two different receptors (type I: 55 kDa; type II: 75 kDa). We used a dimeric, pegylated 55-kDa TNF receptor construct to test its effects on food intake, meal number, and meal size, which were continuously measured with a rat eater meter in 16 Fischer 344 male rats injected with 106 viable methylcholanthrene cells. When anorexia developed, rats received a subcutaneous injection of either 0.25 mg/kg body wt of soluble TNF receptor construct (study) or vehicle (tumor-bearing control). Before TNF inhibitor injection, no differences were observed in food intake, meal number, or meal size between the two groups. After the TNF inhibitor injection, study vs. control rats significantly improved food intake as a result of an increase in meal number and meal size. Rats also showed a significant improvement in body weight. These data suggest that TNF-α, in addition to other cytokines, contributes to the anorexia of tumor growth, probably mediated via the hypothalamus.
Lower Serum Irisin Levels Are Associated with Increased Vascular Calcification in Hemodialysis Patients

Background/Aims: Vascular calcification, which involves an active cellular transformation of vascular smooth muscle cells into bone forming cells, is prevalent and predicts mortality in dialysis patients. Its mechanisms are complex and unclear. We presume that irisin, a newly identified myokine also may play roles in vascular calcification in hemodialysis patients. This study aims to evaluate serum irisin levels and establish their relation to vascular calcification and other parameters in hemodialysis patients. Methods: A total of 150 patients on maintenance hemodialysis treatment and 38 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. Serum irisin concentrations were measured by ELISA. Vascular calcification was evaluated by abdominal aortic calcification scores. Results: Serum irisin concentrations were significantly lower in hemodialysis patients than in controls [52.8 (22.0, 100.0) vs. 460.8 (434.8, 483.4) ng/ml, P<0.01]. In addition, irisin was negatively correlated with the parathyroid hormone level (P=0.01). The HD patients with vascular calcification showed significantly lower serum irisin concentrations [39.0 (21.7, 86.2) vs.79. 0 (39.5, 130.2) ng/mL, P<0.01]. Compared with the group without vascular calcification multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed that serum irisin, HD vintage and age were significant independent determinant factors for vascular calcification in HD patients. Conclusion: Our results are the first to provide a clinical evidence of the association between serum irisin and vascular calcification in HD patients. Lower irisin levels, long-term hemodialysis and old ages are independent risk factors in HD patients.
Time Flies

2010 On its own, an aerial photograph may seem expressive of a landscape’s permanence. But in series, they may be understood as thin slices of time as well as space. Thanks to a convergence of factors – the accumulation of a century of aerial surveys, improved public access to these sources, digital technologies that facilitate processing and interpreting them, and heightened public familiarity with such photos through Google Earth and other programs – aerial photographs offer historians today a captivating means of detecting and depicting landscape change.
Incidence of Serious Complications After Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty

Objectives Uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) is the most common surgical treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Anatomic and physiologic abnormalities associated with OSA can make perioperative management difficult. Only single‐site case series provide current estimates of the incidence of perioperative complications, with a pooled crude serious complication rate of 3.5% and a crude mortality rate of 0.4%. The primary objective of this study was to calculate the incidence of perioperative morbidity and mortality in a large, multisite cohort of UPPP patients.
Intracorporal injection of hSlocDNA in rats produces physiologically relevant alterations in penile function.

The Ca2+-sensitive K+ channel (maxi-K+) is an important modulator of corporal smooth muscle tone. The goal of these studies was twofold: 1) to determine the feasibility of transfecting corporal smooth muscle cells in vivo with the hSlo cDNA, which encodes for the human smooth muscle maxi-K+channel, and 2) to determine whether transfection of the maxi-K+channel would affect the physiological response to cavernous nerve stimulation in a rat model in vivo. Intracorporal microinjection of pCMVβ/Lac Z DNA in 10-wk-old rats resulted in significant incorporation and expression of β-galactosidase activity in 10 of 12 injected animals for up to 75 days postinjection. Moreover, electrical stimulation of the cavernous nerve revealed that, relative to the responses obtained in age-matched control animals ( N = 12), intracavernous injection of naked pcDNA/ hSlo DNA was associated with a statistically significant elevation in the mean amplitude of the intracavernous pressure response at all levels of current stimulation (range 0.5-10 mA) at both 1 mo ( N= 5) and 2 mo ( N = 8) postinjection. Furthermore, qualitatively similar observations were made at 3 mo ( N = 2) and 4 mo ( N = 2) postinjection. These data indicate that naked hSlo DNA is quite easily incorporated into corporal smooth muscle and, furthermore, that expression is sustained for at least 2 mo in corporal smooth muscle cells in vivo. Finally, after expression, hSlo is capable of measurably altering nerve-stimulated penile erection. Taken together, these data provide compelling evidence for the potential utility of gene therapy in the treatment of erectile dysfunction.