Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Incidence of sports and recreation related injuries resulting in hospitalization in Wisconsin in 2000

Objective: To describe the incidence and patterns of sports and recreation related injuries resulting in inpatient hospitalization in Wisconsin. Although much sports and recreation related injury research has focused on the emergency department setting, little is known about the scope or characteristics of more severe sports injuries resulting in hospitalization. Setting: The Wisconsin Bureau of Health Information (BHI) maintains hospital inpatient discharge data through a statewide mandatory reporting system. The database contains demographic and health information on all patients hospitalized in acute care non-federal hospitals in Wisconsin. Methods: The authors developed a classification scheme based on the International Classification of Diseases External cause of injury code (E code) to identify hospitalizations for sports and recreation related injuries from the BHI data files (2000). Due to the uncertainty within E codes in specifying sports and recreation related injuries, the authors used Bayesian analysis to model the incidence of these types of injuries. Results: There were 1714 (95% credible interval 1499 to 2022) sports and recreation-related injury hospitalizations in Wisconsin in 2000 (32.0 per 100 000 population). The most common mechanisms of injury were being struck by/against an object in sports (6.4 per 100 000 population) and pedal cycle riding (6.2 per 100 000). Ten to 19 year olds had the highest rate of sports and recreation related injury hospitalization (65.3 per 100 000 population), and males overall had a rate four times higher than females. Conclusions: Over 1700 sports and recreation related injuries occurred in Wisconsin in 2000 that were treated during an inpatient hospitalization. Sports and recreation activities result in a substantial number of serious, as well as minor injuries. Prevention efforts aimed at reducing injuries while continuing to promote participation in physical activity for all ages are critical.
Social network analysis: using a quantitative tool within an interpretative context to explore the management of construction crises

There is growing dissatisfaction with the static, reductionist, socially insensitive and unimaginative methods used in construction management research. The present paper challenges the emerging view that methods are strictly associated with philosophies, and in particular, that quantitative methods are at odds with interpretative aspirations. It does so by providing a practical example of social network analysis, a quantitative method which is sympathetic to these aspirations. The example is set within a crisis management context, and illustrates the dangers of using qualitative or quantitative methods in isolation. The present paper concludes by questioning the association of quantitative methods with causality and the production of universal models, and argues that both quantitative and qualitative methods have a role to play in understanding the complexity of people's changing social roles, positions and behaviours within construction organizations.
Tour operators' service quality and efficacy of satisfaction measurement.

The purpose of this research is to assess the service quality determinants of tour operators and examine the efficacy of these evaluations on overall trip satisfaction when customer mood is introduced as a moderating variable. The overall hypothesis of the article is that tourists' assessments of services and satisfaction may not be free of bias, but may depend on emotional states (such as mood) during the evaluation stage. The study used a sample of german tourists who traveled to the Mediterranean region of Turkey. The findings of the study lend support to previous literature that suggests tourists' moods influence overall trip satisfaction. Specifically, mood had significant interaction effects with intangible components of tour operations, such as staff and tour guides' services, as well as attitudes of locals, in predicting the overall trip satisfaction ratings. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed within the general framework of consumer behavior, and research ideas are provided to help guide further research in the area.
Planar imaging measurements to study the effect of spanwise structure of upstream turbulent boundary layer on shock induced separation

The relationship between the upstream boundary layer and the unsteadiness of the separated flow in a Mach 2 compression ramp interaction is investigated by performing wide-field PIV and PLS measurements in streamwise-spanwise planes. Presence of spanwise strips of elongated regions of uniform momentum is detected in the upstream boundary layer. These long coherent structures exhibit strong similarities to those that have been found in incompressible boundary layers, which suggests an underlying similarity between the incompressible and supersonic regimes. At a wall normal-location of y/δ = 0.2, the upstream envelope of the separation region is found to oscillate between x/δ = -3 and -1 (where x/δ = 0 is the ramp corner). The instantaneous separation line (in the spanwise direction) is found to respond to the elongated regions of uniform momentum. The separation region exhibits an undulated envelope which conforms to the lowand high-speed regions in the upstream boundary layer. The low frequency unsteadiness of the separation region/shock foot observed in numerous previous studies can be reconciled by a turbulent mechanism that includes these elongated regions of uniform momentum.
Motivação do aprendiz de medicina: uso da escala de motivação acadêmica

251 O autor registra o apoio institucional, agradece a participacao ativa e o interesse real dos aprendizes envolvidos e expressa seu reconhecimento ao Dr. Robert J. Vallerand por fornecer o instrumento original e permitir a realizacao do estudo.2 Enderecco: Faculdade de Medicina - C.P. 04569 - 70919-970 Brasilia – DF. E-mail: dtsobral@unb.br/ dtsobral@netscape.netPsicologia: Teoria e PesquisaJan-Abr 2003, Vol. 19 n. 1, pp. 025-031
A Comparison of Outcomes Associated With Two Key Law-Enforcement Grant Programs

Local Law Enforcement Block Grants (LLEBG) have recently been expanded under a new name to become the central federal funding stream for local law enforcement agencies, whereas programs facilitated by the Office of Community-Oriented Policing Services (COPS) have been greatly reduced. However, little is known about crime reduction and arrest-related outcomes associated with multipurpose law enforcement block grants. This study examined data from 11,559 jurisdictions throughout the United States to identify outcomes that were associated with the LLEBG program. Findings indicated that LLEBG's were associated with crime reductions that were similar in size to those of COPS hiring grants. However, the effects of LLEBG on patterns of arrest were opposite from those associated with COPS hiring grants. Given the differential outcomes associated each grant, there may be utility in retaining both COPS and LLEBG programs.
Implementation of a Speedup-Optimal Global EDF Schedulability Test

Recent results have demonstrated the existence of a sufficient global EDF schedulability test for sporadic task systems that makes the following guarantee: any task system that is not determined to be schedulable on an m-processor platform by this test is guaranteed to actually not be so on a platform in which each processor is m/(2m-1) times as fast. A new global EDF schedulability test is proposed here that builds on this result. This new test is shown to be less pessimistic and more widely applicable than the earlier result was, while retaining the strong theoretical properties -- in particular, the speedup bound -- of the earlier result.
Intracerebral haemorrhage: incidence and use of computed tomography.

Depuis l'introduction de la tomographie informatisee, vers 1975, la frequence des hemorragies intracerebrales a presente une augmentation, et la mortalite une diminution. Explication suggeree: la tomographie informatisee permet le diagnostic d'hemorragies de petite taille, et le traitement est d'autant plus efficace que la lesion est plus limitee
A simple proof of the continuous time linear consensus problem with applications in non-linear flocking networks

We revisit the linear distributed consensus problem in continuous time, to provide a simple and elegant proof under very mild assumptions. Our approach is based on a novel extension of the contraction coefficient that can be adapted to the continuous time version of the model. We apply our results in non-linear second order consensus networks of Cucker- Smale type and we obtain new initial conditions for asymptotic flocking.
Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Epitopes for HLA-B53 and Other HLA Types in the Malaria Vaccine Candidate Liver-Stage Antigen 3

ABSTRACT The development of an effective preerythrocytic vaccine againstPlasmodium falciparum malaria is likely to require inclusion of components from several preerythrocytic antigens. The association of HLA-B53 with resistance to severe malaria in West Africa provided evidence that HLA class I-restricted CD8+ T-cell responses play a role in protective immunity in African children, supporting data from rodent models of malaria. Previously, a single epitope from liver-stage-specific antigen 1 (LSA-1) has been shown to be recognized by HLA-B53-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), but HLA-B53 epitopes were not found in four other antigens. In this study we measured CTL responses to peptides from the recently sequenced antigen liver-stage antigen 3 (LSA-3) and identified in it a new epitope restricted by HLA-B53. Several CTL epitopes restricted by other class I types were also identified within LSA-3 in studies in The Gambia and Tanzania. CTL were also identified to an additional P. falciparum antigen, exported protein 1 (Exp-1), the homologue of which is a protective antigen in a rodent model of malaria. These findings emphasize the diversity of P. falciparum antigens recognized by CD8+ T cells in humans and support the inclusion of components from several antigens in new CTL-inducing vaccines against malaria.
Serum γ-Glutamyltransferase Level is Associated with Periodontal Disease Independent of Drinking Habits in Japanese Adults

Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is considered a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Periodontal disease is a mild chronic inflammatory disease with systemic effects, and many studies have indicated an association between metabolic syndrome and periodontitis. In the present study, we investigated the relationship between periodontitis and liver biochemical parameters according to alcohol drinking habits through a cross-sectional study based on data from Japanese people in occupational settings. Material/Methods The subjects were 1510 employees (1218 males, 292 females, mean age 50.4 years) who underwent dental and medical checkups in 2012. Associations between the presence of periodontal pockets and serum levels of liver biochemical parameters were assessed. Results Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels were higher in subjects with than without periodontal pockets. Multiple logistic regression analysis (adjusting for age, gender, cigarette smoking, and alcohol drinking habits, and components of metabolic syndrome) with GGT or ALT as the dependent variable revealed that there was a significant association between periodontal pockets and GGT (odds ratio, OR=1.48), but not ALT. Similar associations were observed when an analysis was performed according to the presence or absence of alcohol drinking habits; the OR was higher in subjects without (OR=1.84) than with drinking habits (OR=1.41). Conclusions The presence of periodontal pockets was associated with serum levels of GGT, a liver biochemical parameter, in Japanese adults with no drinking habit, suggesting that periodontal disease is associated with liver function, independent of alcohol ingestion.
A comparison of approximate Viterbi techniques and particle filtering for data estimation in digital communications

We consider trellis-based algorithms for data estimation in digital communication systems. We present a general framework which includes approximate Viterbi algorithms like the M-algorithm and the T-algorithm as well as particle filtering algorithms. The algorithmic concepts are very close, since the difference is simply the choice of the norm in the weights calculation. The general framework yields hence a new interpretation of these algorithms and may give rise to a series of new algorithms by using general selection schemes or a different choice for the norm. We show that the (approximate) expectation maximization Viterbi algorithm (EMVA) profits from using Chi Squared optimal selection compared to the standard EMVA.
Military Culture: Change and Continuity

This article uses three interrelated concepts-ideal type, model, and paradigm-to examine and explain both change and continuity in the American military culture as it undergoes major social change. Briefly, the analysis defines the three concepts and then applies each to current military culture. From this analysis, one sees continuity in the military's cultural paradigm, termed the "combat, masculine-warrior. " However, one also sees change as illustrated by the military's "evolving" model of culture. Also discussed is how the military's combat, masculine-warrior paradigm conflicts with its evolving model of culture. This conflict helps explain some of the current turmoil as the military adapts to social change (e.g., diversity). The article concludes with a discussion of a potential paradigm shift in military culture. Hopefully this article provides a framework of analysis from which military leaders can better understand and proactively manage culture and change.
Protest and project, leader and party: normalisation of the Five Star Movement

This article analyses public perceptions of the Five Star Movement (M5S). Voters’ points of view are examined by studying opinion poll results from a longitudinal perspective. The authors focus on three issues important for the future of the M5S: (1) the need to choose between pursuit of a substantive political project or anti-political protest; (2) perceptions of the party’s ability to govern at local or national level; (3) the relationship between the M5S’s electoral base and its leader. The study reveals that the M5S is a heterogeneous entity, ambivalent in many respects. Public opinion, as a whole, sees it primarily as a movement of political protest. It is also perceived as being better able to govern at a local than at a national level. With the expansion of its support in 2012 and 2013, its electorate came to include citizens whose political outlooks were very diverse. The acquisition of new supporters – most of whom had previously voted for centre-right parties – brought a change in the distribution of the attitudes of its voters with regard to the party’s leader and its relationships with society and politics. At the end of a period in which it has been in public office for some months, the M5S’s image seems to be slightly different compared both to other parties and to its own recent past. The M5S’s controversial institutionalisation process and the normalisation of perceptions of it appear to be progressing in parallel.
Probabilistic Latent-Factor Database Models

We describe a general framework for modelling probabilistic databases using factorization approaches. The framework includes tensor-based approaches which have been very successful in modelling triple-oriented databases and also includes recently developed neural network models. We consider the case that the target variable models the existence of a tuple, a continuous quantity associated with a tuple, multi-class variables or count variables. We discuss appropriate cost functions with different parameterizations and optimization approaches. We argue that, in general, some combination of models leads to best predictive results. We present experimental results on the modelling of existential variables and count variables.
Family Cohesion among Hawai‘i's Māhūwahine

Research often focuses on the negative events in transgender people's lives, such as discrimination and violence. However, there are many positive factors that promote health and well-being among transgender people that are not often studied. This study examines young Asian and Pacific Islanders who identify as māhūwahine (male-to-female transgender people or men who have sex with men) and the relationship that family cohesion has with negative social and economic indicators. Higher family cohesion was related to sexual choices (e.g., delaying age of first sex and having higher sexual self-efficacy), but not related to engaging in illegal behaviors (e.g., selling drugs, underage drinking). Implications for future research are discussed.
Biopsychosocial factors associated with chronic low back pain disability in rural Nigeria: a population-based cross-sectional study

Introduction Many people in Nigeria are living with disability due to chronic low back pain (CLBP), with the greatest burden accounted for by people living in rural Nigeria. However, factors associated with disability in rural Nigeria have not yet been established. We investigated the biomechanical and psychosocial predictors of CLBP disability in a rural Nigerian population. Methods A cross-sectional study of adults with non-specific CLBP recruited from rural communities in Enugu State, South-eastern Nigeria. Measures of self-reported and performance-based disability, pain intensity, anxiety and depression, coping strategies, social support, occupational biomechanical factors, illness perceptions and fear avoidance beliefs were collected by trained community health workers. We used univariate and multivariate analyses. Results 200 individuals were recruited. Psychosocial factors were the most important factors associated with CLBP disability, and accounted for 62.5% and 49.1% of the variance in self-reported and performance-based disability, respectively. The significant predictors of self-reported disability were: illness perceptions (β=0.289; p<0.0005), pain intensity (β=0.230; p<0.0005), catastrophising (β=0.210; p=0.001), fear avoidance beliefs (β=0.198; p=0.001) and anxiety (β=0.154; p=0.023). The significant predictors of performance-based disability were: illness perceptions (β=0.366; p<0.0005), social support (β=0.290; p<0.0005), fear avoidance beliefs (β=0.189; p<0.01) and female gender (β=0.184; p<0.01). Illness concern was the most salient dimension of illness perceptions predicting self-reported and performance-based disability. Conclusions These results provide evidence which can be used to inform the development of interventions to reduce CLBP disability in rural Nigeria, and may have relevance in other rural African contexts.
Titles in Veterinary Medicine research articles

Titles are the first point of contact between authors and readers. They call for attention and provide concise and exhaustive information on the research. State of the art in the medical field shows that titles have a mean word count ranging from 15.48 to 15.85 and that they can be arranged into four different formats: nominal, full-sentence, compound and question. Veterinary Medicine has not been object of study and is an underrepresented field in genre analytical surveys. This research wants to fill in part this gap by discussing a pilot survey on veterinary research article titles. To this aim, six issues from three veterinary journals were scanned and the samples labelled "original research article" were examined. The corpus, consisting of 74 specimens, was analysed to elicit the mean word count and the format. Results reveal a mean length of 14.06 words per title and the prevalence of nominal and compound titles. These data are shared to offer a preliminary framework that can serve to inform on the practices adopted by veterinary researchers to communicate findings.
A Linguistic and Sociopragmatic and Cultural Study of Swearing in Arabic

The present study addresses itself to the issue of swearing (S), in the sense of oath taking, as a very frequent speech act in daily conversations in Jordan. A corpus of oaths exchanged by interlocutors in real-life contexts is analysed. It is shown that S exhibits an extensive amount of variation in form, usage and function, and that it serves a wide range of communicative functions. Oaths can be studied, on the one hand, as a cultural index of the community concerned, since they reflect the cultural patterns, values and themes that are dominant in this community, and, on the other hand, they may also be studied in a strictly linguistic setting, for example as moves to preface and modify speech acts.
Accurate and fast urinalysis in febrile patients by flow cytometry

Abstract Background: The urine culture is worldwide accepted as the gold standard in diagnosing urinary tract infections, but is time consuming and costly, other methods are fast but moderately reliable. We investigated whether counting the number of bacteria by flow cytometry could be a fast and accurate method to analyze urine samples in febrile patients at the emergency department (ED). Methods: Urine samples were obtained from 140 febrile patients at the ED. Urinalysis was performed according to standard procedures. Flow cytometric analysis for bacteria was performed with the Accuri C6 flow cytometer. Diagnostic values were determined at various cut-off points by using urine culture as the gold standard. Results: The highest diagnostic accuracy of urinalysis of bacteria was obtained with flow cytometric analysis (AUC of 0.96). The best cut-off value for bacteria counted by flow cytometry based on the ROC-curve was 3.72 × 106 bacteria/mL, this resulted in a sensitivity of 94.7% and a specificity of 88.2%. Conclusions: Counting bacteria by flow cytometry has the highest diagnostic accuracy and is superior to other methods in urinalysis in febrile patients in the ED when using urine culture as the gold standard.
Women and Climate Change: A Case‐Study from Northeast Ghana

This paper argues that there is ethical and practical necessity for including women's needs, perspectives, and expertise in international climate change negotiations. I show that climate change contributes to women's hardships because of the conjunction of the feminization of poverty and environmental degradation caused by climate change. I then provide data I collected in Ghana to demonstrate effects of extreme weather events on women subsistence farmers and argue that women have knowledge to contribute to adaptation efforts. The final section surveys the international climate debate, assesses explanations for its gender blindness, and summarizes the progress on gender that was made at Copenhagen and Cancun in order to document and provoke movement toward climate justice for women.
Overbidding and Overspreading in Rent-Seeking Experiments: Cost Structure and Prize Allocation Rules

We study experimentally the effects of cost structure and prize allocation rules on the performance of rent-seeking contests. Most previous studies use a lottery prize rule and linear cost, and find both overbidding relative to the Nash equilibrium prediction and significant variation of efforts, which we term ‘overspreading. ’ We investigate the effects of allocating the prize by a lottery versus sharing it proportionally, and of convex versus linear costs of effort, while holding fixed the Nash equilibrium prediction for effort. We find the share rule results in average effort closer to the Nash prediction, and lower variation of effort. Combining the share rule with a convex cost function further enhances these results. We can explain a significant amount of non-equilibrium behavior by features of the experimental design. These results contribute towards design guidelines for contests based on behavioral principles that take into account implementation features of a contest.