Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Personality Traits and Career Satisfaction in Training and Development Occupations: Toward a Distinctive T&D Personality Profile

As careers in training and development (T&D) continue to evolve, almost no human resource development (HRD) research has investigated personality traits in today's T&D occupations, despite evidence linking personality with work success. Toward filling this lacuna, we identified four Big Five personality traits and four narrow traits with content matching T&D competencies. Based on person–career fit theory, we hypothesized that the trait profile would differentiate T&D from other occupations, and the traits would correlate with T&D career satisfaction. From 90,000+ individuals receiving private career transition services, we compared trait scores of 284 individuals in T&D occupations and the others via bootstrapping (5,000 random samples, n = 284, with the same age and gender distributions). The T&D personality profile was significantly elevated, with greatest differences on the narrow trait empathy, closely followed by assertiveness and customer service orientation plus optimism (small difference), and significant differences on Big Five traits extraversion, openness, and agreeableness (small difference), but no difference on emotional stability. T&D career satisfaction correlated significantly with five traits in the profile, most strongly with emotional stability and optimism. Also, emotional stability correlated more highly with career satisfaction for T&D than non-T&D occupations. The distinctive T&D personality profile raises questions for further HRD research and carries practical value for training and development of T&D personnel.
The Effect of the Mobbing on Organizational Commitment in the Hospital Setting: A Field Study

ABSTRACT Mobbing includes any kind of systematic behaviors, such as threats, humiliation, and violence, committed by an employee against his or her colleagues, subordinates, or managers. In recent years, reoccurring and persistent mobbing behaviors that result in a power imbalance between harasser and victim are increasing. These unethical behaviors can affect organizational commitment, employee efficiency, motivation, job satisfaction, and potential staff burnout. To measure this concept a questionnaire was given to 320 administrative staff in a university hospital in Ankara, Turkey. Significance was noted between mobbing and affective responses and continuance of employment. In addition, findings support that the majority of the respondents (79%) reported experiencing mobbing and of these 32% reported that these behaviors continued for a duration of 2–5 years. Reasons for these types of behaviors in the work environment included: job stress, administrative/supervisor/management problems, and work performance. The majority of the respondents who were victims did nothing in response. In closing, a correlation analysis was conducted to specifically address the relationship between mobbing and organizational commitment and no significant relationship was found. Reasons for these responses are discussed along with suggestions and practice implications.
Nonoffending Mothers

Nonoffending mothers are crucial players in the intervention response to disclosures of sexual assault. This article will outline the experiences of three such women from the point of disclosure of abuse of their children, including the child protection agency response. It is clear that coping with the ramifications of sexual assault disclosure is a harrowing time for women, during which they may question themselves as women, wives, and mothers. The implications for service providers are outlined, with suggestions for helpful ways to proceed with intervention.
A comparative study of pre-service teachers' self-efficacy beliefs before and after work-integrated learning

The purpose of the study was to compare the teaching efficacy beliefs of pre-service teachers before and after work-integrated learning (WIL) in a South African University of Technology. The comparison groups were formed based on the criterion of WIL. Pre-service teachers in their third year of the B.Ed. (FET) programme participated in the study and were followed through to their fourth year of study after completing six months of WIL. The long version of the Teachers' Sense of Efficacy Scale (TSES) was used to collect data from the participants. The data obtained before and after work-integrated learning were compared. There was a decline in the teaching efficacy beliefs of the students after work-integrated learning in all three categories of the scale, namely, student engagement, instructional strategies and classroom management. Based on the findings some recommendations are made about the importance of supporting pre-service teachers at practising schools.
Interactions of CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON and SPATULA Genes Control Carpel Margin Development in Arabidopsis thaliana

A characteristic feature of flowering plants is the fusion of carpels, which results in the formation of an enclosed gynoecium. In Arabidopsis thaliana, the gynoecium is formed by the fusion of two carpels along their margins, which also act as a meristematic site for the formation of internal structures such as ovules, the septum and transmitting tract. How gene interactions coordinate the fusion and differentiation of the marginal structures during gynoecium development is largely unknown. It was previously shown that the SPATULA (SPT) gene is required for carpel fusion, whereas overexpression of the CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON genes CUC1 and CUC2 prevents it. Here we provide evidence that SPT promotes carpel fusion in the apical gynoecium partly through the negative regulation of CUC1 and CUC2 expression. In spt, transcripts of both CUC genes accumulated ectopically, and addition of cuc1 and cuc2 mutations to spt suppressed the split phenotype of carpels specifically along their lateral margins. In the basal gynoecium, on the other hand, all three genes promoted the formation of margin-derived structures, as revealed by the synergistic interactions of spt with each of the cuc mutations. Our results suggest that differential interactions among SPT, CUC1 and CUC2 direct the formation of domain-specific structures of the Arabidopsis gynoecium.
Conflicting discourses, shifting ideologies: pharmaceutical, `alternative' and feminist emancipatory texts on the menopause

This article uses a close pragmatic analysis to examine three discourses of the menopause, each with identifiably different health and lifespan ideologies, each used to further its own set of economic and/or political agendas. We argue that these texts have potentially powerful influential effects on women's interpretations of their own `change of life'. Discourse 1 (the `pharmaceutical' discourse) is represented by pharmaceutical brochures, which construct the menopause as medical `pathology' caused by physiological decrement and generally advocate correcting or suppressing symptoms by `treatment' with hormone replacement therapy (HRT). Discourse 2 (the `alternative' therapy discourse) as represented in popular printed media texts, rejects both subjection to medical/pharmaceutical intervention, and many of the claims made for HRT, and recommends that women take personal and active `control' by using `natural' remedies and making lifestyle adjustments. Although in ideological conflict, both these discourses are arguably ageist in their reproduction of negative perceptions of menopause. Discourse 3 (the emancipatory feminist discourse) reconstructs the menopause as a positively significant rite of passage — a time of re-evaluation and new-found freedom. Like Discourse 2, feminist discourse rejects the medicalization of menopause and the claims Discourse 1 makes for HRT. But, in addition, Discourse 3 rejects the dominant medical view of the cultural meaning of menopause, with the end of menstruation entextualized as gain, rather than loss, and redefines female midlife as a time of new freedom, wisdom and personal insight.
Predicting writing performance outcome via writingself-efficacy and implication on L2 tertiary learners in Malaysia

Generally, this study looks into the connection between writing self-efficacy level and writing skills performance. It will look into detail the accuracy of how far writing self-efficacy able to predict the outcome of a learner in L2 context and the implication that it has on the learning of writing among L2 tertiary learners in Malaysia. This study had been conducted in one of Malaysian universities, Universiti Putra Malaysia and the participants were the final year undergraduate learners majoring in Applied Linguistics and Literature. An analysis was conducted by looking at two categories of writer namely high self-efficacy writer and low self-efficacy writer. Self-efficacy level was measured through Writing self-efficacy questionnaire. All of these writers’ essays had been collected and analysed qualitatively (i.e. language and content development) and quantitatively (i.e. scores) in order to relate to their writing self-efficacy level. Correlation analysis showed weak relationship between self-efficacy and writing skills performances. Apart from that, qualitative data depict two distinct style of writing between high self-efficacy writer and low self-efficacy writer and scores show that low self-efficacy writer performed better than high self-efficacy writer. The implications are discussed in relation to teaching and learning within the Malaysian tertiary setting.
Workplace bullying in a group context

This study examined the sociometric status of victims, perpetrators and bully–victims (those who self-reported being a victim and a perpetrator) in functional workplace teams and assessed the relationship between victimisation and bullying on team effectiveness. A sample of 288 fire-fighter personnel in 36 teams were asked to self-report and peer-report levels of victimisation and bullying. Using sociometry, individuals rank ordered three other team members they most preferred working with and self-reported their perceptions of the level of effectiveness of the team. Results illustrated that in general victims were nominated as preferred people to work with and were more often nominated as sociometric stars. Self- and peer-reported perpetrators tended to be judged the least preferred people to work with but bully–victims were more likely to be isolated in teams than any other group. Sociometric cohesion tended to be higher (p<0.05) and perceptions of team success tended to be lower (p<0.05) in teams with higher levels of victimisation.
Experimental Models of Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms

Despite being a leading cause of death in the West, the pathophysiology of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) is still incompletely understood. Pharmacotherapy to reduce the growth of small AAAs is limited and techniques for repairing aneurysms continue to evolve. Experimental models play a key role in AAA research, as they allow a detailed evaluation of the pathogenesis of disease progression. This review focuses on in vivo experimental models, which have improved our understanding of the potential mechanisms of AAA development and contributed to the advancement of new treatments.
The Honest Politician's Guide to Juvenile Justice in the Twenty-First Century

Within the past three decades, judicial decisions and legal changes have transformed the juvenile court from a nominally rehabilitative social welfare agency into a scaled-down, second-class criminal court that provides young offenders with neither therapy nor justice. The migration of African Americans from the rural South to the urban North that began three-quarters of a century ago, the macrostructural transformation of American cities and the economy over the past quarter of a century, and the current linkages in the popular and political culture between race and serious youth crime provide the impetus for get-tough policies to crack down on juveniles. The procedural and substantive convergence between juvenile and criminal courts has occurred because juvenile courts attempt to combine social welfare and criminal social control in one agency. If states uncouple social welfare from social control, then they can try all of fenders in one integrated criminal justice system. But states must formally recognize youthfulness as a mitigating factor at sentencing. A youth discount—shorter sentences for reduced culpability— provides a practical administrative mechanism to recognize youthfulness as a mitigating factor.
Schema modes in criminal and violent behaviour of forensic cluster B PD patients: A retrospective and prospective study

Purpose: A clear understanding of an offender's criminal behaviour is a prerequisite for determining suitable treatment. In the literature, several specific frameworks or therapeutic approaches that aim to explicate criminal behaviour can be distinguished (e.g., cognitive analytic therapy, offence paralleling behaviour paradigm), but Schema Therapy (ST) is becoming an increasingly popular paradigm. According to forensic ST's theoretical framework, criminal and violent behaviour can be explained by an unfolding sequence of schema modes, or moment-to-moment states that represent emotions, cognitions, and behaviour. In this study, we examine the validity of this theory and the relationship between schema modes, psychopathy, and institutional violence. Methods: Schema modes were assessed retrospectively from descriptions of patients’ crimes in a sample of 95 hospitalized cluster B personality disordered offenders. Psychopathy was rated with the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised and institutional transgressions were coded from daily hospital reports. Results: Our findings show that criminal behaviour is often preceded by schema modes that refer to feelings of vulnerability and abandonment, loneliness, and states of intoxication. Criminal behaviour itself is characterized by schema modes that refer to states of impulsivity, anger, and the use of overcompensatory strategies involving threats, intimidation, and aggression. Schema modes involving bullying and manipulation were positively correlated with the interpersonal facet of psychopathy; the vulnerable child mode was negatively correlated with the affective facet of psychopathy. The schema modes in this study moderately predicted later institutional transgressions. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the schema mode concept is of explanatory value in understanding criminal and violent behaviour.
Cocaine use in Amsterdam in Non Deviant Subcultures

Cocaine use was studied in Amsterdam among experienced users not drawn from biased populations of treatment clients, prison inmates, or prostitutes, but from the much larger pool of community based cocaine users. Cocaine use was studied in two samples, 160 in 1987 and 108 in 1991, recruited using snowball sampling techniques. Sixty-four of the 1987 respondents were also reinterviewed in 1991. Data gathered in these three investigations primarily focus on the effects and consequences of cocaine use, circumstances of use, development of level of use, and rules applied to cocaine use in general. The largest single group of users (50%) never exceed a low use level (less than. 5 grams a week). About one in five progress to a high use level of 2.5 grams a week or more during their top period of use. Sustained high level use is rare. There are clear indications that experienced cocaine users tend to diminish their use over time, lace it with periods of abstention, and adjust it primarily to social functions. Neg.
Submucosal fibrosis in achalasia patients is a rare cause of aborted peroral endoscopic myotomy procedures

Abstract Background and aims Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) is now an established treatment for esophageal achalasia. The standard protocol ensures a smooth operation in most patients, but technical challenges and failures exist and little is known about the incidence, causes, and impact of aborted procedures. Here, using a large patient cohort, we attempted to answer these questions. Methods All patients admitted for planned POEM between August 2010 and July 2015 underwent chart review. Aborted POEM was defined as the inability to finish the procedure after submucosal injection. The cause of the failure, clinical course, management, and follow-up data were analyzed. Results Thirteen of the 1693 POEMs (0.77 %) were aborted. Out of the 13 failures, 12 (92.3 %) were due to severe submucosal fibrosis, which precluded tunneling, and one (7.7 %) was due to atrial fibrillation related to the electric current of the endoscopic knife. Submucosal fibrosis, prior Heller myotomy, and age ( ≥ 60 years) were related to technical failure, while a disease duration of ≥ 6 years, sigmoid esophagus, mucosal edema, and prior interventions were risk factors for the presence of fibrotic changes. In turn, fibrosis was correlated with a prolonged operation, longer hospital stay, more mucosal injuries, and more major perioperative adverse events. Finally, the yearly frequency of aborted POEMs decreased after the second year as operators became more experienced. Conclusions Aborted POEM is a rare event and is largely due to the presence of submucosal fibrosis, which not only causes increased procedural difficulties, but also gives rise to major adverse events.
Design and Practical Implementation of Internet-Based Predictive Control of a Servo System

This brief discusses the design and practical implementation of an Internet-based predictive control strategy. This novel control strategy can compensate for the random network delay and data dropout in an active way. In order to test the performance of the proposed control scheme, the offline simulation and practical implementation of an Internet-based servo control system are carried out. At the same time, the stability of the control scheme is also studied. The simulation and experimental results illustrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed Internet-based predictive control scheme.
Integrating a virtual learning environment into an introductory accounting course: determinants of student motivation

Technological change is altering the way educators deliver subject content. The phenomenal growth and widespread acceptance of the Internet has seen the creation of the Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) in higher education. For the ease of integration of VLEs in higher education, software companies have provided products such as WebCT and Blackboard. From a pedagogical perspective, new technologies must be evaluated in an effort to establish whether their introduction has had a beneficial impact on learning outcomes. To this end, this investigation examines the attitudes of undergraduate accounting students in relation to a number of design features and attributes of WebCT (e.g. bulletin boards, on-line assessment and chat room) as a VLE. Responses from 292 on-campus undergraduate students provided data which associates four factors with improved student motivation. This study found that student satisfaction with the use of a VLE is significantly associated with the provision of: lecture notes, bulletin board, on-line assessment and other tools (chat and video summaries). The diagrammatic representation of the variables identified in this study provides a useful reference point for those educators contemplating the implementation of a VLE.
Macrophage Polarization in Virus-Host Interactions

Macrophage involvement in viral infections and antiviral states is common. However, this involvement has not been well-studied in the paradigm of macrophage polarization, which typically has been categorized by the dichotomy of classical (M1) and alternative (M2) statuses. Recent studies have revealed the complexity of macrophage polarization in response to various cellular mediators and exogenous stimuli by adopting a multipolar view to revisit the differential process of macrophages, especially those re-polarized during viral infections. Here, through examination of viral infections targeting macrophages/monocytic cells, we focus on the direct involvement of macrophage polarization during viral infections. Type I and type III interferons (IFNs) are critical in regulation of viral pathogenesis and host antiviral infection; thus, we propose to incorporate IFN-mediated antiviral states into the framework of macrophage polarization. This view is supported by the multifunctional properties of type I IFNs, which potentially elicit and regulate both M1- and M2-polarization in addition to inducing the antiviral state, and by the discoveries of viral mechanisms to adapt and modulate macrophage polarization. Indeed, several recent studies have demonstrated effective prevention of viral diseases through manipulation of macrophage immune statuses.
Integration and identity in Muslim schools: Britain, United States and Montreal

Abstract Despite discrimination in mainstream Canadian society, local Muslim communities are a significant resource for immigrants. Recruited by friendship and kin networks, some families choose to educate their children in private full‐time Muslim schools which provide academic/economic credentials and social support. This research depicts a Muslim school in Montreal which both reflects Quebec society and nurtures minority ethnic/religious identity. For many parents, Arabic language classes, academic standards and behavioral norms were as important as the school's religious affiliation. Rejecting the hypothesis that emphasizing religious and cultural identities distanced children from mainstream society, some felt that the psychological and social effects of affirming a child's background were vital to integration and participation in mainstream society. In addition, the school also provided entry into social networks which offered parents an important support system.
Strategy Formulation: The Impact of National Culture

To formulate strategy, organizations need to identify and prioritize strategic issues. This process involves scanning, selecting, interpreting, and validating information. This paper argues that national culture can affect this process because it influences the nature of the relationship of an organization with its environment as well as relationships among people within an organization. Implications for research and practice are suggested.
Sense of self, adaptation and recovery in patients with psychosis in a forensic NHS setting

Qualitative methods have been used to explore users' recovery from psychosis. These studies have highlighted the importance of hope and redefining sense of self as being important aspects of the recovery process. To date there have been no studies that have collaborated with users in high-security forensic settings to develop an experiential perspective of recovery in psychosis. This study used a social constructionist version of grounded theory to develop an experiential account of recovery in psychosis. Thirteen individuals who had experience of psychosis and were residing in a high-security setting were interviewed in depth about their experiences of recovery. The interviews were transcribed and analysed using the social constructionist version of grounded theory. Contrasting accounts of recovery were apparent from the way in which participants spoke about their experiences. Some participants gave rich and reflective accounts of their recovery. These participants spoke about the nature of past experiences and the importance of those experiences in contextualizing their problems, and reflected on the implications of this on the tasks of recovery. In contrast, other participants' transcripts tended to be short and unelaborated. Recovery tasks seemed to be segregated from previous experiences and their reflection on their experience of psychosis seemed minimized. However, all participants spoke about the importance of developing relationships with staff and family. The development of relationships influenced how participants redefined themselves. Implications for clinical practice and further research are reviewed. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.