Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The bacteriological quality of drinking water in Golaghat Sub-division of Golaghat district, Assam, India.

The drinking water quality with respect to bacteriological examination by quantitative determination of total coliform and fecal coliform count (MPN) and presence or absence for E.coli were done for 32 numbers of drinking water (well, T.E. supply, pond and tube well )samples from tea estate areas where cases of dysentery and diarrhea were found to be maximum. Standard methods were used for analysis of total coliform and fecal Coliform bacteria. The number of total coliform and fecal coliform bacteria was determined on Mac Conkey broth by using most probable number method (MPN), presence of E.coli was determined using EMB Agar . The water samples were taken from Sept 2007 to Nov 2007, examined and found bacterial levels were failed to meet water quality standards. Coliform contamination far exceeds the WHO standards in most cases, the highest number of total coliform bacteria was found on 30 Nov,2009. After that date the number of total coliform and fecal coliform decreased. Water samples contained varying levels of fecal coliform bacteria ranging from a Most Probable Number (MPN) of 10 to 2.8 x 10 cfu/100mlThe presence absence test for E-coli was also done for same samples. 78.1% of samples have E-coli contaminated. The required data are found at Joint Director of Health services, Golaghat district, Assam, India.
Lessons Learned Using Theory of Mind Methods to Investigate User Social Awareness in Virtual Role-Play

Theory of mind (ToM) methods were used to investiga te children's interpretations of the social and emotional states of synthetic pedagogical characters, focusing on children's cognitive and affective empa thic responses to characters in bullying scenarios and their social awareness and u nderstanding of the characters' situations. Although cognitive approaches typically do not consider user social awareness and emotional understanding and their rol es in interaction, this is critical for our research on empathic engagement. We present a napproach focusing on story and character comprehension using concepts from ToM methods to understand children's interpretations of characters within vir tual role play scenarios and compare these with an adult perspective. Our results identi fy that ToM methods offer considerable potential for determining user social awareness and emotional understanding, particularly highlighting that adults and children have different perspectives on how victims and bullies feel.
Phosphorus fractions in soils of Taylor Valley, Antarctica

Phosphorus studies in the cold desert ecosystem of the Antarctic Dry Valleys have been largely confined to stream sediments and orthinogenic regions. Expanding P studies to soils may augment the understanding of P biogeochemistry and habitat suitability in this extreme environment. Our objectives were to examine P fractionation in Antarctic Dry Valley soils and sediments and compare their relationship to other soil biogeochemical data. Samples were obtained along transects perpendicular to the Harnish and Priscu streams in Lake Fryxell and Lake Bonney basins, respectively. We utilized a sequential inorganic P extraction procedure, analyzing for a series of labile through resistant P fractions. We further analyzed soils for labile organic P and biomass P. Results showed the amount of inorganic P increased from soluble to Ca-bound P at both sites, with greater weathering of P-bearing minerals at the Fryxell site inferred from the greater P levels found in most fractions as compared with the Bonney site. Fryxell site soluble P findings correlated positively with the Al-bound phase, possibly facilitating P availability to microfauna. The P fraction distribution at both the Fryxell and Bonney sites fits the general relationship between weathering intensity and P distribution of other arid ecosystems.
Height estimation of gondola-typed facade robot

Purpose We researched an automated and robotic facade maintenance robot. This robot can protect people against safety hazards, and save labour cost for building facade maintenance. Our platform is gondola type. Accurate and robust height estimation is necessary for automation. We propose a methodology for height estimation. Method Even though there are many sensor systems for height estimation, a new design for a gondola-typed robot was needed. Our goal was to make this sensor for the gondola accurate, robust, and cheap. We used a dome camera mechanism with tilt sensors. A range sensor always points vertically to the ground. An estimation algorithm then simulated various situations. Results & Discussion We will present our results in a graph and/or table (Figure 2) and describe and discuss them briefly. We used a Kalman-filter frame to estimate the height of gondola. The concept of monoSLAM was then applied1. There is a control update phase and measurement update phase. For control update, the velocity of the gondola cage was also estimated. During the measurement update, there are branches for any obstacles under the sensor. For example, a worker can go under the gondola, construction materials can be laid, and the terrain under the gondola fluctuates.
Large‐scale brain networks are distinctly affected in right and left mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) with hippocampus sclerosis (HS) is associated with functional and structural alterations extending beyond the temporal regions and abnormal pattern of brain resting state networks (RSNs) connectivity. We hypothesized that the interaction of large‐scale RSNs is differently affected in patients with right‐ and left‐MTLE with HS compared to controls. We aimed to determine and characterize these alterations through the analysis of 12 RSNs, functionally parceled in 70 regions of interest (ROIs), from resting‐state functional‐MRIs of 99 subjects (52 controls, 26 right‐ and 21 left‐MTLE patients with HS). Image preprocessing and statistical analysis were performed using UF2C‐toolbox, which provided ROI‐wise results for intranetwork and internetwork connectivity. Intranetwork abnormalities were observed in the dorsal default mode network (DMN) in both groups of patients and in the posterior salience network in right‐MTLE. Both groups showed abnormal correlation between the dorsal‐DMN and the posterior salience, as well as between the dorsal‐DMN and the executive‐control network. Patients with left‐MTLE also showed reduced correlation between the dorsal‐DMN and visuospatial network and increased correlation between bilateral thalamus and the posterior salience network. The ipsilateral hippocampus stood out as a central area of abnormalities. Alterations on left‐MTLE expressed a low cluster coefficient, whereas the altered connections on right‐MTLE showed low cluster coefficient in the DMN but high in the posterior salience regions. Both right‐ and left‐MTLE patients with HS have widespread abnormal interactions of large‐scale brain networks; however, all parameters evaluated indicate that left‐MTLE has a more intricate bihemispheric dysfunction compared to right‐MTLE. Hum Brain Mapp 37:3137–3152, 2016. © 2016 The Authors Human Brain Mapping Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Development and Evaluation of a City-Wide Wireless Weather Sensor Network

This project analyzed the effectiveness of a city-wide wireless weather sensor network, the Taipei Weather Science Learning Network (TWIN), in facilitating elementary and junior high students’ study of weather science. The network, composed of sixty school-based weather sensor nodes and a centralized weather data archive server, provides students with current weather data at specific locations in the city. In 2006-2008, annual weather science tournaments were held to encourage students to use this resource, and up to now 171 registered teams, including 447 grade 4-9 students and 220 teachers, have participated in competitions. This study of the tournament data makes clear the over-all efficacy and usability of the network. An analysis of the students’ weather science ability demonstrated that they could perform well in the questioning phase, the planning phase and the analyzing phase but not as well in the interpreting phase of their specific weather-science inquires.
What Happens When the Kiwi Flies? The Sectoral Effects of the Exchange Rate Shocks

We estimate a Factor Augmented Vector autoregression (FAVAR) to identify idiosyncratic exchange rate shocks and examine the effects of these shocks on different sectors of the economy. We find that an unexpected shock to the exchange rate has significant effects on the tradable sector of the economy. While this is expected, the nontradable sectors of the economy are also influenced by shocks to exchange rate. We argue that one important channel for this influence is the endogenous/cyclical nature of the population dynamics due to permanent and long term migration.
The Political Economy of Labour Market Institutions

According to most orthodox economists, labour market rigidities are the key culprit for such high unemployment as has been observed in Europe during the past three decades. But governments that have attempted to follow the standard prescription of removing rigidities have often faced harsh political opposition. This book looks at why labour market institutions such as employment protection, unemployment benefits, and relative wage rigidities exist, what role they play in society, why they seem so persistent, where the pressure to reform them comes from, and whether reform can be politically viable or not. The book ascribes a central role to the existence of underlying microeconomic frictions and to redistributive pressures between rich and poor, and shows how these ingredients may give rise to labour market rents, which in turn explain why a coherent set of rigidities arise as the outcome of the political process. It is also shown that, at the same time, such rents create resistance to reform, and contribute to locking society into a high-unemployment, rigid equilibrium. Finally, the basic principles exposed in the book are used to discuss various strategies for a successful labour market reform.
The Antares emission nebula and mass loss of α Scorpii A

Aims. The Antares nebula is a peculiar emission nebula seen in numerous [Fe ii] lines and in radio free-free emission, probably associated with the H ii region caused by α Sco B in the wind of α Sco A. High-resolution spectra with spatial resolution were used to study the emission line spectrum, the physical nature of the nebula and to determine the mass-loss rate of the M supergiant α Sco A. Methods. The Antares nebula was mapped with long-slit (10 �� ) and high-resolution (R = 80 000) spectra using UVES at the VLT. The resulting 2-D images were used to reconstruct a 3-D picture of the H ii region and its absolute location in space relative to α Sco A. Results. We found that the Antares nebula shows, in addition to numerous [Fe ii] lines, the Balmer line recombination spectrum Hα, Hβ up to H10 ,a nd [Nii] 6583/6548 A, Hα and [N ii] with the same extent as seen in cm radio free-free emission. Combining velocity information from optical and GHRS/HST spectra with Hα velocities, the H ii region is found to be located ∼215 AU behind the plane of the sky of α Sco A. From the Hα/[N ii] intensity ratio and the non-visibility of the [O ii] 3726/3729 A lines we estimate a low mean electron temperature of T e = 4900 K and an N abundance enhanced by a factor of ∼3 due to the CNO cycle in α Sco A. The shape ["]
Wage Differentials and Temporary Jobs in Italy

The focus of this paper is to analyse the wage effects of temporary jobs using the 2000 and 2002 waves of the Survey of Italian Households’ Income and Wealth (SHIW). Exploiting the short longitudinal dimension of the survey and taking into account of individual-and job-specific unobservable components result in an estimated wage penalty for temporary workers of around 12-13%. Furthermore, there is evidence of higher wage returns to seniority for temporary workers, generating a reduction in the wage gap by about 2.3 percentage points after one year of tenure.
Obstacle-avoiding and slew-constrained buffered clock tree synthesis for skew optimization

Buered clock tree synthesis (CTS) is increasingly critical as VLSI technology continually scales down. Many researches have been done on this topic due to its key role in CTS, but current approaches either lack the obstacle-avoiding functionality or lead to large clock latency and/or skew. This paper presents a new obstacle-avoiding CTS approach with separate clock tree construction and buer insertion stages based on an integral view to explore the global optimization space. Aiming at skew optimization under constraints of slew and obstacles, our CTS approach features the clock tree construction stage with the obstacle-aware topology generation algorithm called OBB, balanced insertion of candidate buer positions, and a fast heuristic buer insertion algorithm. Experimental results show the eectiveness of our CTS approach with significantly improved skew and latency than [6] by 46% and 63% on average, and 15.3% reduction in skew than [5]. Our OBB heuristic obtains 36% improvement in skew than the classic balanced bipartition algorithm (BB) in [10].
Effects of intellectual capital information disclosed in annual reports on market capitalization: Evidence from Bursa Malaysia

Purpose – This paper aims to examine the effects of intellectual capital (IC) disclosure in the annual reports of listed companies in Bursa Malaysia (BM) on their market capitalization (MCAP). Design/methodology/approach – The paper uses secondary data for listed companies on BM for the years 2002 and 2006. A disclosure index was used to measure the extent of IC information disclosed in the annual reports. The MCAP data were obtained from the Bloomberg database. The data were analyzed using correlation and regression analyses.Findings – The paper finds that the extent of IC disclosure by Malaysian‐listed companies has a positive significant effect on their MCAP. In addition, the paper found that there is significant positive impact of the control variables (i.e. book value, net profit, firm size and leverage) on the MCAP.Research limitations/implications – Although the paper was focused on the IC information and MCAP data for two years (i.e. 2002 and 2006), it provides empirical evidence that IC disclosure.
Seasonality in digestion and rumen metabolism in red deer (Cervus elaphus) fed on a forage diet

Six adult castrated male red deer (Cervus elaphus), fitted with rumen cannulas, were offered chaffed lucerne hay ad lib. during winter and summer, with voluntary food intake (VFI) being respectively 59 and 89 g dry matter intake (DMI)/kg bodyweight 0.75 per d. The same animals were also offered the same feed during summer, with intake restricted to that of winter VFI. The apparent digestibility of gross energy (0.60) or fibre (0.41) and the total capacity (volume) of the rumen were unaffected by season or level of intake. Relative to winter ad lib. feeding, N retention, total rumen pool size (DM +water), rumen pool size as a proportion of capacity, and rumen total volatile fatty acid (VFA) pool size were increased during summer ad lib. feeding. Relative to winter ad lib. feeding, N retention, rumen ammonia irreversible loss rate (IRL), total rumen pool size, rumen pool size as a proportion of capacity, and rumen ammonia and total VFA pool sizes were also increased during summer restricted feeding. Rumen Lignin fractional disappearance rate (FDPR) was lower in summer than in winter, and there was a nonsignificant trend for rumen fractional outflow rate (FOR) of liquid to follow the same trend. Molar proportions of acetate and propionate were unaffected by season, proportions of n-butyrate were slightly higher in summer, and proportions of iso-butyrate and iso-valerate were higher for summer restricted than for winter ad lib. feeding. When intakes were equalized there were no seasonal changes in rate of rumen water outflow, net rumen water balance or intestinal water absorption. It is concluded that there is a seasonal change in rumen physiology in red deer during summer causing increased total rumen pool size (DM + water), an increase in rumen ammonia production and pool size, and an increase in rumen total VFA pool size which are all independent of the increase in VFI. The increased total rumen pool size in the summer restricted group may indicate an increased mean retention time (MRT) of digesta in the rumen. MRT for particulate matter was calculated to be 29.2 and 34.8 h during winter and summer respectively. This, together with increased rumen ammonia production, may function to maintain rumen fibre digestion when VFI normally increases during summer. The increased rumen VFA pool size may indicate increased VFA production during summer, in the same way as ammonia IRL was increased.
Neuroimmunological Mechanism of Pruritus in Atopic Dermatitis Focused on the Role of Serotonin

Although pruritus is the critical symptom of atopic dermatitis that profoundly affect the patients’ quality of life, controlling and management of prurirtus still remains as unmet needs mainly due to the distinctive multifactorial pathogenesis of pruritus in atopic dermatitis. Based on the distinct feature of atopic dermatitis that psychological state of patients substantially influence on the intensity of pruritus, various psychotropic drugs have been used in clinic to relieve pruritus of atopic dermatitis patients. Only several psychotropic drugs were reported to show real antipruritic effects in atopic dermatitis patients including naltrexone, doxepin, trimipramine, bupropion, tandospirone, paroxetine and fluvoxamine. However, the precise mechanisms of antipruritic effect of these psychotropic drugs are still unclear. In human skin, serotonin receptors and serotonin transporter protein are expressed on skin cells such as keratinocytes, melanocytes, dermal fibroblasts, mast cells, T cells, natural killer cells, langerhans cells, and sensory nerve endings. It is noteworthy that serotonergic drugs, as well as serotonin itself, showed immune-modulating effect. Fenfluramine, fluoxetine and 2, 5-dimethoxy-4-iodoamphetamine significantly decreased lymphocyte proliferation. It is still questionable whether these serotonergic drugs exert the immunosuppressive effects via serotonin receptor or serotonin transporter. All these clinical and experimental reports suggest the possibility that antipruritic effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in atopic dermatitis patients might be at least partly due to their suppressive effect on T cells. Further studies should be conducted to elucidate the precise mechanism of neuroimmunological interaction in pruritus of atopic dermatitis.
MEANS TESTING DISINCENTIVES AND THE LABOUR SUPPLY OF THE WIVES OF UNEMPLOYED MEN: RESULTS FROM A FIXED EFFECTS MODEL

The device adjusts reflecting angles of grill reflectors for a grill burner in a gas oven range. Rotation of a driving means 21 is transmitted through a transmission means 17 to an adjusting means 16 and converted into a linear movement of bearing means 13 in reflecting plate 10A and 10B hingedly mounted on a hinge pin 11, thereby the angle between the plates 10A and 10B is adjusted.
Valganciclovir as Pre-Emptive Therapy for Cytomegalovirus Infection in Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Recipients

Background In haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection contributes significantly to morbidity and mortality in both the early and late post-transplant period. Ganciclovir (GCV) is the treatment of choice for CMV, but requires intravenous administration, a fact that complicates its long-term use. Oral valganciclovir (VGCV) and intravenous GCV were recently shown to have similar efficacy for pre-emptive CMV treatment in solid organ transplant recipients, but relatively limited data are available in HSCT recipients. The objectives of this study were to compare the efficacy of VGCV versus intravenous GCV or foscarnet (FOS) for pre-emptive therapy of active CMV infection in allogeneic HSCT and to determine the incidence of adverse effects and relapses. Methods This was a 2-year prospective, comparative cohort study in which 237 episodes of pre-emptive therapy for active CMV infection were collected in 166 allogeneic HSCT recipients out of 717 included in the Spanish Network for Research on Infection in Transplantation (RESITRA/REIPI) database. Intravenous GCV was the first-line treatment in 112 episodes, intravenous FOS in 38 episodes, and oral VGCV in 87 episodes. Results VGCV was used as pre-emptive therapy for active CMV infection in 87 episodes. Excluding episodes considered as relapse, VGCV was as successful (91.4% [74/81]) as GCV (83.7% [87/14]) or FOS (75.8% [25/33]). In the VGCV arm, 7 (8.6%) cases were considered treatment failures: 4 (4.9%) because of adverse events, 1 (1.2%) due to persistent viral activity and 2 (2.5%) based on clinical decision. There were also 6 (7.4%) cases of recurrent infection. No statistically significant differences were found when compared to GCV or FOS. Conclusions In allogeneic HSCT recipients, VGCV seemed effective and safe in the pre-emptive therapy of active CMV infection.
Dynamic trade liberalization analysis: steady state, transitional and inter-industry effects

Despite their complexity, existing policy evaluation methods ignore many features of the real world that are pertinent for welfare analysis of trade policy. The main limitation of these technics is that they are static, which means they ignore important dynamic consequences of trade liberalization. This paper develops dynamic tools that overcome many of these weaknesses. I apply these technics to the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA). My analysis suggests that while the steady state gains from NAFTA are significant, the transitional costs associated with moving to the liberalized steady state are relatively large, so that on net the trade policy produces modest welfare gains for North America.
Possible selves and delinquency.

The relationship between possible selves and delinquency is explored. In this study, 238 youths between the ages of 13-16 who varied in the degree of their delinquency were asked to describe their possible selves. Although many similarities were found among their hoped-for selves, the groups of youth differed markedly in the nature of their expected and feared selves. The balance between expected possible selves and feared possible selves was the particular focus. Balance is hypothesized to occur when expected possible selves are offset by countervailing feared selves in the same domain (e.g., expecting a job, but fearing being unemployed). It was found that the officially nondelinquent youths were quite likely to display balance between their expectations and fears, unlike the most delinquent youth. In contrast, a conventional measure of self-esteem that indicates how people feel about themselves currently did not predict degree of delinquency.
The Structure of the Eu System of Government the Structure of the Eu System of Government

This paper identifies the essential structure of the EU system of government by focusing on the nature of the relationship executive-legislature (i.e. on how the confidence scheme works), and considering both the legal framework and the actual practice. As a brief analysis of the traditional general models shows, the new approach suggested here simplifies the study of regime types, but at the same time it is able to capture the main distinctive features of systems that belong neither to presidentialism nor to parliamentarism. As far as the EU is concerned, this perspective shows that, although the legal framework of the Treaties presents some elements of parliamentarism, the nature of interinstitutional relations is not parliamentary: if the role played by the European Council in the formation process of the Commission is not merely formal, its involvement entails a much more complex confidence scheme.