Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multitrait-multimethod analyses of two physical self-concept instruments: a cross-cultural perspective.

The present investigation demonstrated cross-cultural support for convergent and discriminant validity of the Physical Self-Description Questionnaire (PSDQ) in a multitrait-multimethod analysis of relations with responses to the Physical Self-Perception Profile (PSPP). The sample, 1,041 Turkish university students in elective physical education courses from 10 Turkish universities, provided a test of the cross-cultural generalizability of responses to these two widely used English language instruments. In support of construct validity interpretations, matching PSDQ and PSPP factors were highly correlated. However, support for the PSPP was undermined by extremely high correlations among several of its factors, due in part to a substantial method effect associated with its idiosyncratic response scale. Results based on this study with Turkish university students largely replicate and extend the findings of Marsh et al. (1994) with Australian high school students. Based on psychometric, theoretical, cross-cu.
Women and Paid Work

A productive workforce is a prime goal of the Decade of Behavior initiative. Thanks to the women's movement that started in the 1960s, the majority of adult women today are a part of that productive workforce, demonstrating their knowledge, skills and abilities, and earning a livelihood through paid employment. Nevertheless, real equal opportunity in paid work remains an elusive goal. In this paper, two major reviews of the literature on women and paid work written 20 years apart (Cleveland, Stockdale, & Murphy, 2000; Nieva & Gutek, 1981) serve to structure a discussion of what we know about women's experiences in paid work. Selective areas of research are reviewed under four kinds of topics: (1) topics that have disappeared over the past 20 years, (2) important topics that were not studied or could not be studied 20 years ago but are now (women as leaders), (3) previously neglected topics (stereotyping), and (4) rapidly emerging topics (mentoring, effects of preferential selection, sexual harassment). It is largely from feminist scholarship on women and paid work that we have been able to separate myth from reality through the accumulation of a sizable research-based literature. Unfortunately the body of research on women and paid work is still insufficiently integrated into the body of research on the psychology of work.
A critical review of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor-related sexual dysfunction; incidence, possible aetiology and implications for management

There is a high incidence of sexual dysfunction in the general population and sexual dysfunction is often an integral symptom of a depressive disorder. In addition, all antidepressants have effects on sexual functioning, as the result of side-effects of these medications and as a reflection of therapeutic success. The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are clearly associated with delayed ejaculation, inability to ejaculate and absent or delayed orgasm. Furthermore, the incidence of sexual dysfunction obtained by patient self- report does not appear to reflect the true incidence of sexual dysfunction associated with antidepressant therapy and systematic inquiry is needed as sexual dysfunction may be an unrecognized cause of non- compliance. The SSRIs may have advantageous effects on sexual functioning and these may also be under- reported due to the same factors resulting in an under-reporting of sexual side-effects in general. In addition, studies have suggested a role for the SSRIs in the management of premature ejaculation. The effects of SSRIs on sexual functioning are clearly dose-related and may vary amongst the group due to their relative effects on the serotonin and dopamine systems and the extent to which plasma levels of these drugs accumulate in the body over time. A variety of strategies have been found useful in the management of SSRI-induced sexual dysfunction including waiting for tolerance to develop, dosage reduction, drug holidays, switching to a different antidepressant and various augmentation strategies with 5-HT 2, α2 adrenergic receptor antagonists and dopamine receptor agonists.
Developing awareness of crosscultural pragmatics: The case of American/German sociable interaction

The elaboration of the theoretical notion of communicative competence reflects a growing awareness of the importance of pragmatic knowledge in achieving mastery of a second language. Such awareness includes the recognition that teaching language effectively includes teaching culture in the most fundamental sense. Using the framework of interactional sociolinguistics to link theoretical work on cultural ethos and research in crosscultural pragmatics 1 with the interpretation of situated language use, this article draws teachers’ attention to three interrelated aspects of conversational style which are important in initial crosscultural encounters between Americans and Germans. The goal is to provide teachers of both English and German as second languages with conceptual frameworks for and ideas about classroom practice which will teach culture appropriately by fostering pragmatic awareness and interactional competence crossculturally. 2 The argument is made that language teachers should give pragmatic competence/awareness the highest priority in the classroom, from the beginning of language study.
Quantification of Carbon and Phosphorus Co-Limitation in Bacterioplankton: New Insights on an Old Topic

Because the nature of the main resource that limits bacterioplankton (e.g. organic carbon [C] or phosphorus [P]) has biogeochemical implications concerning organic C accumulation in freshwater ecosystems, empirical knowledge is needed concerning how bacteria respond to these two resources, available alone or together. We performed field experiments of resource manipulation (2×2 factorial design, with the addition of C, P, or both combined) in two Mediterranean freshwater ecosystems with contrasting trophic states (oligotrophy vs. eutrophy) and trophic natures (autotrophy vs. heterotrophy, measured as gross primary production:respiration ratio). Overall, the two resources synergistically co-limited bacterioplankton, i.e. the magnitude of the response of bacterial production and abundance to the two resources combined was higher than the additive response in both ecosystems. However, bacteria also responded positively to single P and C additions in the eutrophic ecosystem, but not to single C in the oligotrophic one, consistent with the value of the ratio between bacterial C demand and algal C supply. Accordingly, the trophic nature rather than the trophic state of the ecosystems proves to be a key feature determining the expected types of resource co-limitation of bacteria, as summarized in a proposed theoretical framework. The actual types of co-limitation shifted over time and partially deviated (a lesser degree of synergism) from the theoretical expectations, particularly in the eutrophic ecosystem. These deviations may be explained by extrinsic ecological forces to physiological limitations of bacteria, such as predation, whose role in our experiments is supported by the relationship between the dynamics of bacteria and bacterivores tested by SEMs (structural equation models). Our study, in line with the increasingly recognized role of freshwater ecosystems in the global C cycle, suggests that further attention should be focussed on the biotic interactions that modulate resource co-limitation of bacteria.
Melphalan and prednisone plus thalidomide or placebo in elderly patients with multiple myeloma.

In this double-blind, placebo-controlled study, 363 patients with untreated multiple myeloma were randomized to receive either melphalan-prednisone and thalidomide (MPT) or melphalan-prednisone and placebo (MP). The dose of melphalan was 0.25 mg/kg and prednisone was 100 mg given daily for 4 days every 6 weeks until plateau phase. The dose of thalidomide/placebo was escalated to 400 mg daily until plateau phase and thereafter reduced to 200 mg daily until progression. A total of 357 patients were analyzed. Partial response was 34% and 33%, and very good partial response or better was 23% and 7% in the MPT and MP arms, respectively (P < .001). There was no significant difference in progression-free or overall survival, with median survival being 29 months in the MPT arm and 32 months in the MP arm. Most quality of life outcomes improved equally in both arms, apart from constipation, which was markedly increased in the MPT arm. Constipation, neuropathy, nonneuropathy neurologic toxicity, and skin reactions were significantly more frequent in the MPT arm. The number of thromboembolic events was equal in the 2 treatment arms. In conclusion, MPT had a significant antimyeloma effect, but this did not translate into improved survival. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials. gov as #NCT00218855.
The Development of Human Reproductive Strategies

An evolutionary-biological perspective on the effects of the extrafamilial and familial environment on multiple psychological, behavioral, and even somatic features of children’s development challenges prevailing thinking about human development, which regards some contextual conditions and their sequelae as “good” and others as “bad. ” Theory and research on the development of human reproductive strategies based on such evolutionary thinking has evolved substantially over the past two decades. In this article, I review two decades of theory and research findings pertaining to the development of reproductive strategies—highlighting the contextual regulation of pubertal timing, the distinctive role of fathers, individuals’ differential susceptibility to rearing influences, mechanisms of influence, and new ways of conceptualizing influential environmental features—and outline future directions for research.
Los comportamientos de disciplina e indisciplina en educación física

The goal of this research is to have more insight into disciplined and undisciplined behavior that take place during Physical Education classes, in order to set action guidelines that encourage disciplined behavior and discourage undisciplined behavior in the classroom. With this aim, the term discipline is conceptualized regarding the educational environment, the main causes of undisciplined behavior are pointed out, and different intervention proposals are presented. Then, based on outstanding subject related research, prospective research is outlined. The outcome of these studies reveal, in general terms, that disciplinary problems appear in every single area of the curricula. These problems might have a deep impact on the students' teaching-learning process and can seriously affect teachers' performance.
Attachment Relationships and the Career Exploration Process

This article examines the role of parent—adolescent attachment relationships in the career exploration process. We propose that college students who report secure attachment relationships with their parents would engage in greater environmental and self-exploration, as well as greater nontraditionality of exploration, as measured by the degree of gender traditionality of their primary occupational preference. One hundred and thirty-seven undergraduates (50 men, 87 women) completed measures of parent attachment, career exploration, and a demographic form. The results of a canonical correlation analysis indicated that attachment to parents associated positively with environmental exploration. However, the results indicated that parental attachment was not associated with traditionality of exploration. An examination of relevant demographic variables suggested that age played a significant role, whereas gender did not. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of these findings for career theory and practice.
How to solve the many-state problem: a reply to the debate

This article responds to the debate provoked by the author's ‘Does capitalism need the state system? ’ (Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 20:4 2007, 533–549) and his exchanges with Justin Rosenberg (Cambridge Review of International Affairs, 21:1 2008, 77–112). It is divided into three parts. The first restates the issues, situating them in the context of a growing Marxist preoccupation with the international in recent years, and contrasts the ‘high road’—Rosenberg's attempt to use Trotsky's concept of uneven and combined development to provide a transhistorical perspective on intersocietal relations—with Callinicos's own preferred ‘low road’ of more focused analysis centred on the prevailing mode(s) of production. The second addresses the fundamental criticisms addressed to him by Hannes Lacher, Benno Teschke and John M Hobson, all of whom deny that there is a necessary relation between capitalism and the interstate system. The third considers the more specific comments offered by Neil Davidson, Gonso Pozo-Martin, and Jamie Allinson and Alex Anievas, before concluding with an appeal for a move off the terrain of abstract theory to more empirical studies that can test the relative value of rival conceptual constructions.
Primary and secondary control among children undergoing medical procedures: adjustment as a function of coping style.

The literature suggests that optimal adjustment to relatively uncontrollable stressors may require adjusting oneself to the stressors rather than trying to alter them. This possibility was explored, for low-controllability stressors (e.g., painful medical procedures) associated with leukemia. Children's reports of coping strategies and goals were classified as primary control coping (attempts to alter objective conditions), secondary control coping (attempts to adjust oneself to objective conditions), or relinquished control (no attempt to cope). Secondary control coping was positively associated with (a) general behavioral adjustment assessed by the Child Behavior Checklist and (b) illness-specific adjustment assessed by children's own distress ratings and by behavioral observations during painful procedures. All significant group differences showed better adjustment among secondary control children than among the primary or relinquished groups.
Cultural Aspects Of Europeanization: The Case Of The Scottish Office

This article takes an in-depth look at the cultural implications of membership of the European Union (EU) for a UK government department. As part of a broader examination of how Europeanization, in its various forms, has affected a range of Whitehall departments, Bulmer and Burch (1998) concluded that the cultural element of change in the UK has been limited in the sense that existing administrative traditions within government departments have not undergone any radical reorientation. The purpose here is to test the validity of these conclusions and in more general terms afford detailed consideration to an area of Europeanization which has tended to be neglected in the academic discourse. This is achieved by way of employing interview and documentary-based source material relating to the area of cultural change as it affected a particular UK department, the Scottish Office. In the event, the piece concludes that the detail of the Scottish Office case can be used to confirm Bulmer and Burch’s general observation that cultural Europeanization has not manifested itself to any great extent within UK government departments in the sense that it has entailed wide-reaching changes to administrative approaches and working practices. More generally, the empirical basis of the analysis provides fresh insights into how specific matters, such as training and secondments, have impacted upon the work of civil servants in the UK.
Prognostic impact of intratumoural microvascular invasion and microlymphatic permeation on node-negative non-small-cell lung cancer: which indicator is the stronger prognostic factor?

OBJECTIVES Microvascular invasion and microlymphatic permeation are indicators of microscopic tumour invasion into small vessels and have been considered to be powerful prognostic indicators for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Several studies have suggested that these should be included in the TNM classification, but, there have been conflicting results regarding the prognostic impact of microvascular invasion and microlymphatic permeation. The aim of the current study was to clarify the prognostic impact of microvascular invasion and microlymphatic permeation on resected node-negative NSCLC by comparative analyses. METHODS We reviewed the data of 1039 consecutive patients with pathological size-based stage T1a-3N0M0 NSCLC who underwent lobectomy or greater resection between 1993 and 2005. The median follow-up period was 108 months. Microvascular invasion and microlymphatic permeation were identified by the Victoria blue-van Gieson staining. The overall survival was then analysed. RESULTS Microvascular invasion and microlymphatic permeation were observed in 358 (34.5%) and 205 (19.7%) of patients, respectively. Both microvascular invasion and microlymphatic permeation were more prevalent in non-adenocarcinoma and larger-sized tumours. The 5-year overall survival rate of the microvascular invasion-positive group and microlymphatic permeation-positive group were 69.2 and 84.6%, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (P = 0.002). On multivariate analyses, microvascular invasion, but not microlymphatic permeation, was an independent prognostic factor (microvascular invasion, hazard ratio [HR] 1.648, P = 0.001; microlymphatic permeation, HR 1.138, P = 0.588). The 5-year overall survival rate of either the microvascular invasion- or microlymphatic permeation-positive T1a-b group was significantly lower than that of the corresponding double-negative (dn) T1a-b group (dnT1a-b, 93.7%; microvascular invasion-positive T1a-b, 85.2%, P < 0.001; microlymphatic permeation-positive T1a-b, 85.4%, P = 0.014), and overlapped to that of the dnT2a group (84.8%). However, in the T2a-b group, only microvascular invasion-positive T2a-b patients showed significantly lower overall survival than dnT2a-b patients, and their overall survival overlapped that of dnT3 patients (dn T2a-b, 83.5%; microvascular invasion-positive T2a-b, 60.6%, P < 0.001; dnT3, 53.8%; P = 0.316). The 5-year overall survival of microlymphatic permeation-positive T2a-b patients (86.2%) did not statistically differ from that of dnT2a-b patients (P = 0.856). CONCLUSIONS Microvascular invasion and microlymphatic permeation have different impact on survival, and microvascular invasion rather than microlymphatic permeation is a strong prognostic factor in resected node-negative NSCLC. Microvascular invasion and microlymphatic permeation should be examined separately by elastic staining.
The mRNA expression of inhibitors of DNA binding-1 and -2 is associated with advanced tumour stage and adverse clinical outcome in human breast cancer.

UNLABELLED Inhibitors of DNA binding (ID) are known to have a role in embryogenesis and oncogenesis. In this study, we analyzed the role of ID1 and ID2 in breast cancer, by assessing associations of mRNA expression with clinicopathological parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS Breast cancer tissues (n=152) and adjacent normal tissues (n=31) underwent reverse transcription and quantitative- polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Transcript levels were correlated with clinicopathological data. RESULTS Patients who were disease-free had significantly lower ID1 mRNA expression than all other patients (p=0.0033). Higher expression was associated with worse disease-free (p=0.001) and overall survival (p=0.02). ID2 expression was directly associated with the Nottingham Prognostic Index (NPI) (NPI 2 vs. 3; p=0.0062) and worsening clinical outcome (disease-free vs. mortality: p=0.0004), and with worse disease-free (p=0.01) and overall survival (p=0.005). CONCLUSION Our findings are suggestive of a role for ID1 and ID2 in human breast cancer as possible prognostic markers and therapeutic targets meriting further validating investigations, by immunohistochemistry and mechanistic studies.
Participant gender, stalking myth acceptance, and gender role stereotyping in perceptions of intimate partner stalking: a structural equation modeling approach

The present research used a mock juror experiment (N = 360) to assess two primary goals: (1) to examine the direct and indirect effects of participant gender, stalking myth acceptance, and gender role stereotyping on guilt ratings in a stalking trial; and (2) to examine the role of perceived victim fear and distress, and defendant intended danger on perceptions of a stalking trial. Using structural equation modeling, we found an indirect effect of participant gender, and both direct and indirect effects of stalking myth acceptance and gender role stereotyping on guilt ratings. Men and participants who endorsed more traditional gender role stereotypes were associated with adherence to stalking myth acceptance beliefs. Endorsement of particular stalking myth acceptance beliefs offers a partial explanation for why women and men differed on perceptions of the defendant's intent to cause danger and the victim's perceived fear and distress. Results provide insight into the efficacy of current anti-stalking legislation that relies on a juror's capacity to evaluate an ‘objective’ interpretation (i.e., ‘reasonable person’) standard of fear for intimate partner stalking.
A phenomenological examination of the influence of culture on treating and caring for Hispanic children with autism

Researchers have found that cultural factors may lead to lower rates of diagnosis in Hispanic children with autism and that parents lack the knowledge of therapies and practices used in the treatment of the autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Five research questions guided this phenomenological study. The focus of the first two questions was how culture may affect families seeking assistance; the third question queried how professionals play a part in the choice of therapies ; the fourth question dealt with how do families choose a therapy to aid their child with ASD. The focus of the last question was the involvement of other family members. The major themes included professional influences, concerns for children‘s futures as adults, parental involvement, and personalismo/familismo. The outcomes of the study demonstrate the influence professionals have on the families and the choices families make to aid their children with ASD. These findings will assist professionals to understand the Hispanic culture as it may relate to having a child with ASD and thus assist families to understand how to acquire the services needed.
Using Literacy-Based Behavioral Interventions and Social Stories to Improve Work Behavior in Employees with Developmental Disabilities.

This study was designed to examine the effects of Literacy-Based Behavioral Interventions and social stories to improve the work behavior of employees with developmental disabilities. Two experiments were conducted. In the first experiment a multiple baseline across subjects was used to examine the effects of the intervention on employees' requests for materials and supplies, and any resulting improvements in their work engagement. The second experiment employed a multiple baseline across time periods, with an embedded ABAB design, to assess whether the intervention would increase independence and improve "on-time" return-to-work. Results showed that employees with developmental disabilities made substantial improvements in their work behavior as a result of the Literacy-Based Behavioral Intervention, and similar improvements were observed in co-workers as well.