Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Ets1 transcription factor is widely expressed during murine embryo development and is associated with mesodermal cells involved in morphogenetic processes such as organ formation.

The Ets family of genes encodes a class of transcription factors. Ets1 is predominantly expressed in the lymphoid organs of neonatal and adult mice, whereas Ets2 is expressed in every organ examined. In this study, we investigate the expression of Ets1 and Ets2 during murine embryonic development. Our data show that Ets1 expression increases in embryos after implantation and during organogenesis such that it is expressed in all the organs of day-15 embryos studied. In later fetal stages, Ets1 expression is predominant in the lymphoid tissues, brain, and organs that are undergoing branching morphogenesis (e.g., lung) but is dramatically reduced in other organs such as the stomach and intestine. In neonatal development, Ets1 is expressed only in the lymphoid organs and brain. In situ hybridization analysis demonstrates that expression of Ets1 occurs in mesenchymal cells of developing organs, in the nervous system, and in forming bone. Furthermore, expression of Ets1 is upregulated in P19 cells induced to differentiate into mesoderm-like cells. Ets2, on the other hand, is expressed in differentiated and undifferentiated P19 and F9 cells and in all organs of embryonic, neonatal, and adult mice studied. These data suggest that Ets1 plays an important role in mesodermal cells associated with morphogenetic processes such as organ formation and tissue modeling, whereas Ets2 plays a more fundamental role in cells.
Validating Real-time Systems By History-checking TRIO Specifications

We emphasize the importance of formal executable specifications in the development of real-time systems, as a means to assess the adequacy of the requirements before a costly development process takes place. TRIO is a first order temporal logic language for executable specification of real-time systems that deals with time in a quantitative way by providing a metric to indicate distance in time between events and length of time intervals. We surnmarise the language, its straightforward model-theoretic semantics, and a tableaux-based algorithm to decide satisfiability. Then we present an efficient algorithm to perform history-checking, i.e., to check tha a history of the system satisfies the specification. This algorithm can be used as a basis for an effective specification testing tool. The algorithm is described, a qualitative estimation of its complexity is provided, and the main functionalities of the tool are presented, together with sample test cases. Finally, we draw the conclusions and indicate directions of future research.
Linking Job Design to Subjective Career Success

We tested a predictive model based on self-determination theory (SDT) to demonstrate how job design choices contribute to subjective career success. Data collected at Time 1 demonstrated that the job characteristics of autonomy support and competence support had direct and interactive effects on employees’ need satisfaction. Need satisfaction at Time 1 mediated the relationship between autonomy support and self-determined work motivation at Time 2. Work motivation, in turn, mediated the relationships between need fulfillment and career attitudes that characterize subjective career success. These findings are theoretically important because they demonstrate that SDT can bridge job design theory and career theory, pointing to new ways that job and career experiences are interrelated. From a practical standpoint, the results are valuable because they show that job enrichment efforts guided by SDT have important implications for promoting career success perceptions and vocational retention among experienced workers.
Generation of Triple-Transgenic Forsythia Cell Cultures as a Platform for the Efficient, Stable, and Sustainable Production of Lignans

Sesamin is a furofuran lignan biosynthesized from the precursor lignan pinoresinol specifically in sesame seeds. This lignan is shown to exhibit anti-hypertensive activity, protect the liver from damages by ethanol and lipid oxidation, and reduce lung tumor growth. Despite rapidly elevating demand, plant sources of lignans are frequently limited because of the high cost of locating and collecting plants. Indeed, the acquisition of sesamin exclusively depends on the conventional extraction of particular Sesamum seeds. In this study, we have created the efficient, stable and sustainable sesamin production system using triple-transgenic Forsythia koreana cell suspension cultures, U18i-CPi-Fk. These transgenic cell cultures were generated by stably introducing an RNAi sequence against the pinoresinol-glucosylating enzyme, UGT71A18, into existing CPi-Fk cells, which had been created by introducing Sesamum indicum sesamin synthase (CYP81Q1) and an RNA interference (RNAi) sequence against pinoresinol/lariciresinol reductase (PLR) into F. koreanna cells. Compared to its transgenic prototype, U18i-CPi-Fk displayed 5-fold higher production of pinoresinol aglycone and 1.4-fold higher production of sesamin, respectively, while the wildtype cannot produce sesamin due to a lack of any intrinsic sesamin synthase. Moreover, red LED irradiation of U18i-CPi-Fk specifically resulted in 3.0-fold greater production in both pinoresinol aglycone and sesamin than production of these lignans under the dark condition, whereas pinoresinol production was decreased in the wildtype under red LED. Moreover, we developed a procedure for sodium alginate-based long-term storage of U18i-CPi-Fk in liquid nitrogen. Production of sesamin in U18i-CPi-Fk re-thawed after six-month cryopreservation was equivalent to that of non-cryopreserved U18i-CPi-Fk. These data warrant on-demand production of sesamin anytime and anywhere. Collectively, the present study provides evidence that U18i-CP-Fk is an unprecedented platform for efficient, stable, and sustainable production of sesamin, and shows that a transgenic and specific light-regulated Forsythia cell-based metabolic engineering is a promising strategy for the acquisition of rare and beneficial lignans.
Relationship between Mast Cells and the Colitis with Relapse Induced by Trinitrobenzesulphonic Acid in Wistar Rats

The present study aimed to clarify the role of mast cells in colitis with relapse induced in Wistar rats by trinitrobenzenosulphonic acid. Colitis induction increased the histamine concentration in the colon, which peaked on day 26. The number of mast cells, probably immature, was ten times higher on day 8. Different from animals infected with intestinal parasites, after colitis remission, mast cells do not migrate to the spleen, showing that mast cell proliferation presents different characteristics depending on the inflammation stimuli. Treatment with sulfasalazine, doxantrazole, quercetin, or nedocromil did not increase the histamine concentration or the mast cell number in the colon on day 26, thereby showing absence of degranulation of these cells. In conclusion, although mast cell proliferation is associated with colitis, these cells and their mediators appear to play no clear role in the colitis with relapses.
Design Patterns For Collaborative Learning: From Practice To Theory And Back

We see that the concept of design patterns and the idea of a pattern language (Alexander et al. 1977) can help in capturing and communicating recurrent instructional design problems in e-learning. E-learning, (learning partly or fully supported by ICT and digital resources), is becoming more and more widespread in educational institutions. Knowledge and experience about e-learning are growing as research is conducted and educational institutions acquire more practical experience in developing and running e-learning courses. This knowledge exists in various formats: as both tacit and implicit knowledge inside the heads of practitioners, in written manuals ('best practice' documents, etc.), in research papers and books. The knowledge (tacit, implicit and explicit) comprises know how and research findings about a whole range of issues, from organisational and didactical/pedagogical issues to pure technical knowledge. Another important trait is the multidisciplinary (and multi-profession) characteristics of the people researching and working with e-learning: the creators and owners of e-learning knowledge are from various disciplines such as computer science, psychology, teacher education and social science. They each have their own perspectives on e-learning.
First In Situ Evidence for Coexisting Submeter Temperature and Humidity Sheets in the Lower Free Troposphere

In recent years, temperature ‘‘sheets’’ with thicknesses on the order of 1 m have been observed with highresolution radiosondes throughout the stably stratified atmosphere, suggesting that they give rise to a major part of the well-known near-zenith aspect sensitivity of VHF radar echo intensities. It has been presumed but as yet not directly observed that these temperature sheets are accompanied by humidity sheets. In this paper, observations using the new helicopter-borne in situ turbulence measurement system HELIPOD are presented and discussed. For the first time it has been possible to observe in situ coexisting atmospheric temperature and humidity sheets with thicknesses down to a few decimeters and with temperature gradients of up to 17G, where G denotes the adiabatic lapse rate. Moreover, the first directly observed tropospheric temperature, humidity, and wind velocity profiles of a turbulent layer with a thickness of less than 10 m confined between two submeter sheets are presented. Simple theoretical reasoning leads to a lower limit for the sheet thicknesses: regardless of whether they are the remnants of Kelvin‐Helmholtz instability or attributed to viscosity/thermal-conduction waves, it should amount (apart from a numerical factor) to the square root of the product of molecular kinematic viscosity and a timescale that characterizes the age of a laminar sheet, the lifetime of a Kelvin‐Helmholtz billow, or the period of a primary gravity wave.
Evidence That Barley 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl-Coenzyme A Reductase Kinase Is a Member of the Sucrose Nonfermenting-1-Related Protein Kinase Family

A protein kinase was partially purified from barley (Hordeum vulgare L. cv Sundance) endosperm by ammonium sulfate fractionation, followed by ion-exchange, Reactive Blue, Mono-Q, and phosphocellulose chromatography. It was shown to phosphorylate Arabidopsis 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase and a synthetic peptide that was shown previously to act as a substrate for HMG-CoA reductase kinase purified from cauliflower, confirming it to be barley HMG-CoA reductase kinase. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of the partially purified preparation showed the presence of a polypeptide with an approximate relative molecular weight (Mr) of 60,000, which is the size predicted for the barley sucrose nonfermenting-1 (SNF1)-related protein kinases BKIN2 and BKIN12. Antisera were raised to a rye (Secale cereale L.) SNF1-related protein kinase (RKIN1) expressed in Escherichia coli as a fusion with maltose-binding protein and to a synthetic peptide with a sequence that is conserved in, and specific to, plant members of the SNF1-related protein kinase family. The maltose-binding protein-RKIN1 fusion protein antiserum recognized a doublet of polypeptides with an approximate Mr of 60,000 in crude endosperm extracts and a single polypeptide in root extracts, which co-migrated with the smaller polypeptide in the endosperm doublet. Both antisera recognized a polypeptide with an approximate Mr of 60,000 in the partially purified protein kinase preparation, suggesting strongly that barley HMG-CoA reductase kinase is a member of the SNF1-related protein kinase family.
Structural and Biochemical Analysis of DNA Helix Invasion by the Bacterial 8-Oxoguanine DNA Glycosylase MutM*

Background: The role of helix-invading residues during MutM-catalyzed oxoG repair remains unclear. Results: Mutation of Phe114 and Met77 to alanine destabilizes the extrahelical conformation of oxoG and decreases efficiency of oxoG repair. Conclusion: Helix invasion by Phe114 and Met77 is important for promoting and stabilizing extrusion of oxoG during repair. Significance: Helix invasion constitutes a critical step during the base extrusion process. MutM is a bacterial DNA glycosylase that serves as the first line of defense against the highly mutagenic 8-oxoguanine (oxoG) lesion, catalyzing glycosidic bond cleavage of oxoG to initiate base excision DNA repair. Previous work has shown that MutM actively interrogates DNA for the presence of an intrahelical oxoG lesion. This interrogation process involves significant buckling and bending of the DNA to promote extrusion of oxoG from the duplex. Structural snapshots have revealed several different highly conserved residues that are prominently inserted into the duplex in the vicinity of the target oxoG before and after base extrusion has occurred. However, the roles of these helix-invading residues during the lesion recognition and base extrusion process remain unclear. In this study, we set out to probe the function of residues Phe114 and Met77 in oxoG recognition and repair. Here we report a detailed biochemical and structural characterization of MutM variants containing either a F114A or M77A mutation, both of which showed significant decreases in the efficiency of oxoG repair. These data reveal that Met77 plays an important role in stabilizing the lesion-extruded conformation of the DNA. Phe114, on the other hand, appears to destabilize the intrahelical state of the oxoG lesion, primarily by buckling the target base pair. We report the observation of a completely unexpected interaction state, in which the target base pair is ruptured but remains fully intrahelical; this structure vividly illustrates the disruptive influence of MutM on the target base pair.
Japanese and Korean Immigration before 1924@@@Imingaisha: Japanese Emigration Companies and Hawaii, 1894-1908.@@@The Korean Frontier in America: Immigration to Hawaii, 1896-1910.@@@The Issei: The World of the First Generation Japanese Immigrants, 1885-1924.

A portrait of the first Japanese immigrants, known as the Issei. Leaving behind a still-traditional, feudal society for the wide-open world of America, the Japanese were long barred from holding citizenship and regarded for many years as unassimilable. Their story is one of suffering and struggle that has produced a record of courage and perseverance.
Risk of stroke associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), both cyclooxygenase (COX)-2-selective and nonselective agents, have been associated with the increased risk of adverse cardiovascular events. The majority of studies have focused on myocardial infarction as the primary cardiovascular outcome. However, the association between NSAIDs and the risk of stroke events is not as clear, although an understanding of this association is important since stroke continues to be a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. Various factors may contribute to an association between NSAIDs and stroke, including hypertension and thrombosis. Additionally, the risk may vary with different NSAID types. In this review, we discuss the relevant literature assessing the possible association between NSAID use and stroke events, along with the potential mechanisms and the possible directions for future study.
Assessment in Higher Education : Issues of Access, Quality, Student Development and Public Policy

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Vibrio parahaemolyticus: a review on the pathogenesis, prevalence, and advance molecular identification techniques

Vibrio parahaemolyticus is a Gram-negative halophilic bacterium that is found in estuarine, marine and coastal environments. V. parahaemolyticus is the leading causal agent of human acute gastroenteritis following the consumption of raw, undercooked, or mishandled marine products. In rare cases, V. parahaemolyticus causes wound infection, ear infection or septicaemia in individuals with pre-existing medical conditions. V. parahaemolyticus has two hemolysins virulence factors that are thermostable direct hemolysin (tdh)-a pore-forming protein that contributes to the invasiveness of the bacterium in humans, and TDH-related hemolysin (trh), which plays a similar role as tdh in the disease pathogenesis. In addition, the bacterium is also encodes for adhesions and type III secretion systems (T3SS1 and T3SS2) to ensure its survival in the environment. This review aims at discussing the V. parahaemolyticus growth and characteristics, pathogenesis, prevalence and advances in molecular identification techniques.
Quantitative ECT: Comparison of Recovery Coefficient and Linearity of Detector Response for Single Photon and Coincidence Detection (F-18, B+ 511 keV)

The response characteristics of two tomographic systems were compared for imaging of positron emitters: a) a SPECT system with a 3/8 in crystal and 511 keV detector shielding, equipped with a specially designed 511 keV collimator, and b) a PET V system using coincidence detection. SPECT transverse plane resolution was 19 mm FWHM and 35 mm FWTM for a radius of rotation of 16 cm. Corresponding resolution for PET was 14 mm FWHM and 28 mm FWTM. Transverse images through a phantom containing cylindrical sources of various cross sections and uniform activity were obtained for each detector. The measured count density or recovery coefficient was found to decrease with source size, the dependence being similar for both systems. The theoretical values for recovery coefficients were calculated by convolution of a Gaussian fit to the SPECT resolution (FWHM, FWTM) values with the uniform cross section of each source. This simple mathematical model confirmed that the recovery coefficient dependence on source size was primarily related to the limited resolution of the detector. Experimental measurements demonstrated that the SPECT resolution for volume sources was sufficient for quantitation, although some limitations exist with respect to source sizes smaller than the detector resolution.
Diabetes Insipidus – Diagnosis and Management

Central diabetes insipidus (CDI) is the end result of a number of conditions that affect the hypothalamic-neurohypophyseal system. The known causes include germinoma/craniopharyngioma, Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH), local inflammatory, autoimmune or vascular diseases, trauma resulting from surgery or an accident, sarcoidosis, metastases and midline cerebral and cranial malformations. In rare cases, the underlying cause can be genetic defects in vasopressin synthesis that are inherited as autosomal dominant, autosomal recessive or X-linked recessive traits. The diagnosis of the underlying condition is challenging and raises several concerns for patients and parents as it requires long-term follow-up. Proper etiological diagnosis can be achieved via a series of steps that start with clinical observations and then progress to more sophisticated tools. Specifically, MRI identification of pituitary hyperintensity in the posterior part of the sella, now considered a clear marker of neurohypophyseal functional integrity, together with the careful analysis of pituitary stalk shape and size, have provided the most striking findings contributing to the diagnosis and understanding of some forms of ‘idiopathic’ CDI. MRI STIR (short-inversion-time inversion recovery sequencing) is a promising technology for the early identification of LCH-dependent CDI.
Enhanced prolactin levels in opium smokers

In Iran, opium is smoked for pleasure or as a medication by some people. It is a complex mixture of 40 different alkaloids, including morphine and codeine along with many impurities. Although it is well established that opioids or tobacco affect many physiological functions in humans, to our knowledge there has been no specific study looking at these effects in opium smokers. To assess that, we investigated the circulating levels of prolactin, TSH, LH, FSH and testosterone in male opium smokers who also smoke cigarettes (n =23, aged 28.4? 4.1 years), and comparing this with the corresponding values for nicotine abusers (n =12, 15–25 cigarettes/day) or a healthy control group (n =20) of the same age. Our results showed that 86.96% of the opium‐dependent and 41.67 % of the nicotine‐dependent group displayed high prolactin values (p)
Industries Regulation and Firm Environmental Disclosure: A Stakeholders’ Perspective on the Importance of Legitimation and International Activities

The potential negative environmental consequences of the activities of international firms has been scrutinized. In response to these pressures, international firms have started to disclose (voluntarily or not) environmental information in order to increase transparency and ensure legitimacy. While several factors have been pointed out as the drivers of such disclosing behavior, the role of industrial regulation has remained underesearched. To better understand this challenge, we rely on a sample of 1,150 international firms (top vs. nontop) worldwide from regulated and unregulated sectors. Our results suggest that unregulated firms disclose—to cope with higher stakeholders pressures—more environmental information than firms operating in regulated environments. Additionally, a firm’s international position positively influences its environmental disclosure, but it does negatively and partially moderate the relationship between industrial regulation of the sector in which the firm operates and such firm’s environmental disclosure. Our findings may also entail interesting contributions both for practitioners and scholars.
An Affective Model for Unauthorized Sharing of Software

Software piracy has been studied by academics, software firms, law enforcement agents and policy makers for many years. Previous research in software piracy either did not differentiate between unauthorized copying and unauthorized sharing, or focused only on unauthorized copying. We believe the motivating factors behind the two behaviors are quite different because beneficiaries of the behaviors are different. In this paper, we consider unauthorized sharing as a kind of helping behavior and draw on relevant literature to see if the motivations behind unauthorized sharing can be better appreciated from an affective perspective. We tested the affective model of unauthorized sharing based on empirical data obtained from a large-scale survey. We found from the survey that both perceived affordability and perceived convenience could arouse sympathy or annoyance with the unauthorized copier, and their effects were mediated by perceived controllability of the need of unauthorized copying. Our results support the strong effects of affective factors on the moral obligation of unauthorized sharing.