Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Desktop and mobile web page comparison: characteristics, trends, and implications

The broad proliferation of mobile devices in recent years has drastically changed the means of accessing the World Wide Web. Describing a shift away from the desktop computer era for content consumption, predictions indicate that the main access of web-based content will come from mobile devices. Concurrently, the manner of content presentation has changed as well; web artifacts are allowing for richer media and higher levels of user interaction which is enabled by the increasing speeds of access networks. This article provides an overview of more than two years of high level web page characteristics by comparing the desktop and mobile client versions. Our study is the first long-term evaluation of differences as seen by desktop and mobile web browser clients. We showcase the main differentiating factors with respect to the number of web page object requests, their sizes, relationships, and web page object caching. We find that over time, initial page view sizes and number of objects increase faster for desktop versions. However, web page objects have similar sizes in both versions, though they exhibit a different composition by type of object in greater detail.
Verifiable Dynamic Symmetric Searchable Encryption: Optimality and Forward Security

Symmetric Searchable Encryption (SSE) is a very efﬁcient and practical way for data owners to out-source storage of a database to a server while providing privacy guarantees. Such SSE schemes enable clients to encrypt their database while still performing queries for retrieving documents matching some keyword. This functionality is interesting to secure cloud storage, and efﬁcient schemes have been designed in the past. However, security against malicious servers has been overlooked in most previous constructions and these only addressed security against honest-but-curious servers. In this paper, we study and design the ﬁrst efﬁcient SSE schemes provably secure against malicious servers. First, we give lower bounds on the complexity of such veriﬁable SSE schemes. Then, we construct generic solutions matching these bounds using efﬁcient veriﬁable data structures. Finally, we modify an existing SSE scheme that also provides forward secrecy of search queries, and make it provably secure against active adversaries, without increasing the computational complexity of the original scheme.
Children's rights

Origins and Early Thinking: Philip Veerman (1987) Janusz Korczak and the Rights of The Child C.R. Margolin (1978) Salvation versus Liberation - The Movement For Children's Rights In a Historical Context Carl M. Rogers and Lawrence S. Wrightsman (1978) Attitudes Toward Children's Rights - Nurturance or Self-Determination? Hillary Rodham (1973) Children Under The Law. The Theory of Children's Rights: B. Bandman (1973) Do Children Have Any Natural Rights? D.N. MacCormick (1976) Children's Rights - A Test-Case For Theories of Rights W.N. R. Lucy (1990) Controversy About Children's Rights Michael Wald (1979) Children's Rights - A Framework for Analysis. Children's Liberation: Richard Farson (March 1974) A Bill of Rights for Children John Holt (1975) Escape from Childhood Ann Palmeri (1980) Childhood's End - Toward The Liberation of Children. Contemporary Thinking about Children's Rights: Michael D.A. Freeman (1992) Taking Children's Rights More Seriously John Eekelaar (1986) The Emergence of Children's Rights Joel Feinberg (1980) The Child's Right To An Open Future Kathleen Hunt Federle (1994) Rights Flow Downhill Jeremy Roche (1999) Children - Rights, Participation and Citizenship. Some Critics: Onora O'Neill (1988) Children's Rights and Children's Lives Michael King (1994) Children's Rights as Communication - Reflections on Autopoietic Theory and the United Nations Convention Laura Purdy (1994) Why Children Shouldn't Have Equal Rights Lynn Wardle (1996) The Use and Abuse of Rights Rhetoric - The Constitutional Rights of Children. Feminism and Children's Rights: Martha Minow (1986) Rights for the Next Generation - A Feminist Approach to Children's Rights Cynthia Price Cohen (1997) The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child - A Feminist Landmark. Legislating for Children's Rights: Dominic McGoldrick (1991) The United Nations Convention on the Rights of The Child Jane Fortin (1999) Rights Brought Home For Children Jonathan Todres (1998) Emerging Limitations on The Rights of The Child - The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child and its Early Case Law. Cultural Diversity and Children's Rights: Philip Alston (1994) The Best Interests Principle - Towards A Reconciliation of Culture and Human Rights Chuma Himonga (2001) Implementing The Rights of the Child in African Legal Systems. Whose Rights? : Virginia Morrow (1999) "We are People Too" - Children's and Young People's Perspectives on Children's Rights and Decision-Making in England Susan Kimber et al (1999) Estonian Children's Perceptions of Rights - Implications for Societies in Transition. The Future of Childrens's Rights: Michael Freeman (2000) The Future of Children's Rights Thomas Simon (2000) The United Nations Convention on Wrongs To The Child Julia Sloth-Nielsen (1996) The Contribution of Children's Rights To The Reconstruction of Society.
Chronic Kidney Disease and the Risk of New-Onset Atrial Fibrillation: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies

Objective Recent epidemiological evidence indicates an association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and the risk of new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF), but the results are inconclusive. This meta-analysis examined the association between CKD and new-onset AF. Methods PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Collaboration and the reference lists of relevant articles were searched to identify eligible studies. The random effect model was used to calculate the overall multivariable-adjusted hazard ratio (HR) with its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Associations were tested in subgroups of study characteristics and study quality criteria. We also performed sensitivity analyses and assessments of publishing bias. Results Seven prospective cohort studies (n = 400,189 participants) were included in this meta-analysis. Pooled results suggested that CKD was associated with an increased adjusted risk estimate for new-onset AF (HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.21–1.78), with significant heterogeneity between these studies (I2 = 79.7%, P<0.001). Results were not different in any subgroup except sample size. Stratified analyses found that the diagnostic method of CKD and eGFR (estimated glomerular filtration rate), the number of confounders adjusted for, and study quality explained little of the variation between studies. Sensitivity analysis further demonstrated the results to be robust. Conclusions CKD is associated with an increased risk of incident AF. Further research is needed to investigate the biological association between CKD and AF and identify a preventive strategy to decrease the incidence of AF in CKD patients.
Submarine slope failures along the convergent continental margin of the Middle America Trench

We present the first comprehensive study of mass wasting processes in the continental slope of a convergent margin of a subduction zone where tectonic processes are dominated by subduction erosion. We have used multibeam bathymetry along ∼1300 km of the Middle America Trench of the Central America Subduction Zone and deep‐towed side‐scan sonar data. We found abundant evidence of large‐scale slope failures that were mostly previously unmapped. The features are classified into a variety of slope failure types, creating an inventory of 147 slope failure structures. Their type distribution and abundance define a segmentation of the continental slope in six sectors. The segmentation in slope stability processes does not appear to be related to slope preconditioning due to changes in physical properties of sediment, presence/absence of gas hydrates, or apparent changes in the hydrogeological system. The segmentation appears to be better explained by changes in slope preconditioning due to variations in tectonic processes. The region is an optimal setting to study how tectonic processes related to variations in intensity of subduction erosion and changes in relief of the underthrusting plate affect mass wasting processes of the continental slope. The largest slope failures occur offshore Costa Rica. There, subducting ridges and seamounts produce failures with up to hundreds of meters high headwalls, with detachment planes that penetrate deep into the continental margin, in some cases reaching the plate boundary. Offshore northern Costa Rica a smooth oceanic seafloor underthrusts the least disturbed continental slope. Offshore Nicaragua, the ocean plate is ornamented with smaller seamounts and horst and graben topography of variable intensity. Here mass wasting structures are numerous and comparatively smaller, but when combined, they affect a large part of the margin segment. Farther north, offshore El Salvador and Guatemala the downgoing plate has no large seamounts but well‐defined horst and graben topography. Off El Salvador slope failure is least developed and mainly occurs in the uppermost continental slope at canyon walls. Off Guatemala mass wasting is abundant and possibly related to normal faulting across the slope. Collapse in the wake of subducting ocean plate topography is a likely failure trigger of slumps. Rapid oversteepening above subducting relief may trigger translational slides in the middle Nicaraguan upper Costa Rican slope. Earthquake shaking may be a trigger, but we interpret that slope failure rate is lower than recurrence time of large earthquakes in the region. Generally, our analysis indicates that the importance of mass wasting processes in the evolution of margins dominated by subduction erosion and its role in sediment dynamics may have been previously underestimated.
A snapshot of stroke from miri hospital.

UNLABELLED Our objective was to study the profile of cerebrovascular accidents and proportion of cerebral haemorrhage (CH) among stroke patients. This project was designed after we observed higher incidence of CH in Miri hospital as compared to conventionally reported data. METHODS This was a prospective observational study conducted from 1st June 2008 to 31st May 2009. All patients admitted in both male and female wards of the Medical Unit with the first incidence of a stroke were recruited for analysis. CT scan brain was done in all patients. RESULTS Total admissions in one year in the medical department were 3204 patients, both male and female together, out of which 215 were due to a first incidence of stroke; Stroke accounted for 6.7% of admissions and 16.8% of deaths in medical unit. 139 (64.7%) were ischaemic strokes and 76 (35.3%) were cerebral haemorrhages. The incidence of CH (35.3%) was high compared to regional data. 71.7% (154) patients had preexisting hypertension. Higher incidence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus and aspirin intake was noted in the ischaemic group. Also compliance to treatment for hypertension was better in the Ischaemic group with more defaults in CH category (P<0.01). Significantly more deaths were noted in patients with higher systolic blood pressure on presentation, poor Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and those with dysphagia. CONCLUSION Every third stroke was due to cerebral hemorrhage; CH patients were largely unaware of their hypertension or were altogether treatment naïve or defaulters while compliance was far better in ischaemic stroke category.
Capacity-Equivocation Region of the Gaussian MIMO Wiretap Channel

We study the Gaussian multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wiretap channel, which consists of a transmitter, a legitimate user, and an eavesdropper. In this channel, the transmitter sends a common message to both the legitimate user and the eavesdropper. In addition to this common message, the legitimate user receives a private message, which is desired to be kept hidden as much as possible from the eavesdropper. We obtain the entire capacity-equivocation region of the Gaussian MIMO wiretap channel. This region contains all achievable common message, private message, and private message's equivocation (secrecy) rates. In particular, we show the sufficiency of jointly Gaussian auxiliary random variables and channel input to evaluate the existing single-letter description of the capacity-equivocation region due to Csiszar–Korner.
Pontine taste modulation by nucleus accumbens shell 1 Descending projections from the Nucleus Accumbens Shell 1 suppress activity of taste-responsive neurons in the hamster 2 parabrachial nuclei 3 4 5

35 36 The parabrachial nuclei (PbN), the second central relay for the gustatory pathway, 37 transfers taste information to various forebrain gustatory nuclei, and to the gustatory cortex. 38 The nucleus accumbens (NAcc) is one of the critical neural substrates of the reward system 39 and the shell region (NAcSh) is associated with feeding behavior. The taste-evoked neuronal 40 responses of the PbN neurons are modulated by the descending projections from the 41 gustatory nuclei in the forebrain. In the present study we investigated whether taste42 responsive neurons in the PbN project to the NAcSh and whether the pontine gustatory 43 neurons are subject to modulatory influence from the NAcSh in urethane anesthetized 44 hamsters. Extracellular single-unit activity was recorded in the PbN and taste responses were 45 confirmed by delivery of 32 mM sucrose, NaCl, quinine hydrochloride, and 3.2 mM citric 46 acid to the anterior tongue. Then, the NAcSh was stimulated (0.5 ms, ≤ 100 μA) bilaterally 47 using concentric bipolar stimulating electrodes. A total of 98 taste neurons were recorded 48 from the PbN. Eighteen neurons were antidromically invaded from the NAcSh, mostly 49 ipsilateral NAcSh (n = 16). Stimulation of ipsilateral and contralateral NAcSh suppressed 50 neuronal activity of 88 and 55 neurons, respectively; 52 cells were affected bilaterally. In a 51 subset of pontine neurons tested, electrical stimulation of the NAcSh during taste stimulation 52 also suppressed taste-evoked neuronal firing. These results demonstrated that taste-responsive 53 neurons in the PbN not only project to the NAcSh but also are under substantial descending 54 inhibitory influence from the bilateral NAcSh. 55 56
Cross-modal correlation learning for clustering on image-audio dataset

It is interesting and challenging to explore correlations between different datasets and utilize such correlations for the clustering on these datasets. Cross-modal correlation between images and audios can help identify images (or audios) of certain semantics. However, the heterogeneous problem makes it difficult to learn cross-modal correlation between visual and auditory features. In this paper, we analyze canonical correlation between feature matrices of images and audios during subspace mapping; then we design correlation-based similarity reinforcement for images and audios; thirdly we implement image clustering and audio clustering with affinity propagation. Experiment results on image-audio dataset are encouraging and show that the performance of our approach is effective. We give an interesting application of querying images by audio examples.
The Role of bFGF in the Excessive Activation of Astrocytes Is Related to the Inhibition of TLR4/NFκB Signals

Astrocytes have critical roles in immune defense, homeostasis, metabolism, and synaptic remodeling and function in the central nervous system (CNS); however, excessive activation of astrocytes with increased intermediate filaments following neuronal trauma, infection, ischemia, stroke, and neurodegenerative diseases results in a pro-inflammatory environment and promotes neuronal death. As an important neurotrophic factor, the secretion of endogenous basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) contributes to the protective effect of neuronal cells, but the mechanism of bFGF in reactive astrogliosis is still unclear. In this study, we demonstrated that exogenous bFGF attenuated astrocyte activation by reducing the expression of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and other markers, including neurocan and vimentin, but not nestin and decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), via the regulation of the upstream toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor κB (TLR4/NFκB) signaling pathway. Our study suggests that the function of bFGF is not only related to the neuroprotective and neurotrophic effect but also involved in the inhibition of excessive astrogliosis and glial scarring after neuronal injury.
System Personality and Persuasion in Human-Computer Dialogue

The human-computer dialogue research field has been studying interaction with computers since the early stage of Artificial Intelligence, however, research has often focused on very practical tasks to be completed with the dialogues. A new trend in the field tries to implement persuasive techniques with automated interactive agents; unlike booking a train ticket, for example, such dialogues require the system to show more anthropomorphic qualities. The influences of such qualities in the effectiveness of persuasive dialogue is only starting to be studied. In this article we focus on one important perceived trait of the system: personality, and explore how it influences the persuasiveness of a dialogue system. We introduce a new persuasive dialogue system and combine it with a state of the art personality utterance generator. By doing so, we can control the system’s extraversion personality trait and observe its influence on the user’s perception of the dialogue and its output. In particular, we observe that the user’s extraversion influences their perception of the dialogue and its persuasiveness, and that the perceived personality of the system can affect its trustworthiness and persuasiveness. We believe that theses observations will help to set up guidelines to tailor dialogue systems to the user’s interaction expectations and improve the persuasive interventions.
Nerve growth factor stimulation promotes CXCL-12 attraction of monocytes but decreases human immunodeficiency virus replication in attracted population

The neurotrophins nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (NT-3), and neurotrophin-4 (NT-4) are key molecules in the central nervous system development, which also exert specific effects on cells of the immune system. With regard to the latter, in vitro as well as in vivo data suggested that neurotrophins may play a role in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, especially in perivascular spaces where infiltrated macrophages express NGF. In the present study, we examined the expression of neurotrophins and their receptors in human monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) during infection by the R5 prototype HIV1/Ba-L strain. We then assessed to what extent neurotrophins themselves modulate infected macrophage survival and the level of virus production. The data show that neurotrophins and neurotrophin receptors are not modulated during HIV replication. Likewise, exogenous neurotrophins, or alternatively the blocking of neurotrophin receptors, neither modulated MDM sensitivity to HIV infection and replication nor altered their viability. In contrast, NGF clearly increased CD184 expression in macrophages, but this did not sensitize them to the X4 isolate HIV-1/Lai infection. Nevertheless, NGF enhanced monocyte chemotactic response to low CXCL-12 concentration regardless of infection. Surprisingly, CXCL-12-attracted monocytes from NGF-stimulated, HIV-infected cultures produced decreased amounts of virus progeny than their non-NGF-stimulated counterparts. This suggests a preferential effect on uninfected monocytes. Together these findings suggest a role for NGF in the continuous attraction of activated monocytes to the perivascular spaces, contributing to the chronic inflammatory state rather than neuroinvasion by HIV.
Experimental and numerical analysis of penetration into Kevlar fabric impregnated with shear thickening fluid

This study presents the high-velocity impact performance of a composite material composed of woven Kevlar fabric impregnated with a colloidal shear thickening fluids (STFs). Although the precise role of the STF in the high-velocity defeat, process is not exactly known but it is suspected to be due to the increased frictional interaction between yarns in impregnated fabrics. In order to explore the mechanism of this enhanced energy absorption, high-velocity impact test was conducted on neat, impregnated fabric and also on pure STF without fabric. A finite element model has been carried out to consider the effect of STF impregnation on the ballistic performance. For this purpose, fabric was modeled using LS-DYNA by employing the experimental results of yarn pull-out tests to characterize the frictional behavior of the STF impregnated fabric. The simulation result is a proof that the increased performance for STF impregnated Kevlar fabric is due to the increased friction.
Epigenetic inactivation of TRAIL decoy receptors at 8p12‐21.3 commonly deleted region confers sensitivity to Apo2L/trail‐Cisplatin combination therapy in cervical cancer

Multiple chromosomal regions are affected by deletions in cervical cancer (CC) genomes, but their consequence and target gene involvement remains unknown. Our single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array identified 8p copy number losses localized to an 8.4 Mb minimal deleted region (MDR) in 36% of CC. The 8p MDR was associated with tumor size, treatment outcome, and with multiple HPV infections. Genetic, epigenetic, and expression analyses of candidate genes at MDR identified promoter hypermethylation and/or inactivation of decoy receptors TNFRSF10C and TNFRSF10D in the majority of CC patients. TNFRSF10C methylation was also detected in precancerous lesions suggesting that this change is an early event in cervical tumorigenesis. We further demonstrate here that CC cell lines exhibiting downregulated expression of TNFRSF10C and/or TNFRSF10D effectively respond to TRAIL‐induced apoptosis and this affect was synergistic in combination with DNA damaging chemotherapeutic drugs. We show that the CC cell lines harboring epigenetic inactivation of TRAIL decoy receptors effectively activate downstream caspases suggesting a critical role of inactivation of these genes in efficient execution of extrinsic apoptotic pathway and therapy response. Therefore, these findings shed new light on the role of genetic/epigenetic defects in TRAIL decoy receptor genes in the pathogenesis of CC and provide an opportunity to explore strategies to test decoy receptor gene inactivation as a biomarker of response to Apo2L/TRAIL‐combination therapy. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
A Compact Open-Loop Filter With Mixed Electric and Magnetic Coupling

A novel cascaded microstrip open-loop resonator filter with controllable electric and magnetic mixed coupling is presented to have one or more transmission zeros. For two coupled resonators, the coupled sides with the maximum magnetic field are combined with their open gaps with the maximum electric field, creating the electric and magnetic mixed coupling. By adjusting the distances between resonators and the positions of open gaps in a mixed coupled filter, the coupling coefficients can be changed, and controllable transmission zeros can be produced in the lower stopband, upper stopband, or both. Design and fabrication of the proposed second-and fourth-order filters show the advantages: such as a smaller number of resonators, higher rejection level, as well as asymmetrical response; moreover, the location of the transmission zeros can be precisely controlled.