Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nuclear magnetic resonance studies on the mechanism of regulation of glycogenolysis in contracting skeletal muscle.

In vitro biochemical experiments showed that glycogenolysis can be regulated by two different mechanisms; i.e., Ca regulation at the phosphorylase step and phosphate-product regulation at the phosphofructokinase step. Recent studies on glycogenolysis in living vertebrate skeletal muscles by use of 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) presented evidence that glycogenolysis in vivo is regulated by Ca released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The present 31P NMR studies on living frog skeletal muscle indicated that glycogenolysis is further regulated by the phosphate products accumulated as the result of contractile activities. Therefore it was concluded that the glycogenolysis in vivo is actually regulated by the two mechanisms as predicted by in vitro biochemical studies.
Adaptive Bayesian Networks for quantitative risk assessment of foreign body injuries in children

Injuries due to foreign body (FB) aspiration/ingestion/insertion represent a common public health issue in paediatric patients, which causes significant morbidity and mortality. The aim of this study is to present a Bayesian Network (BN) model for the identification of risk factors for FB injuries in children and provide their quantitative assessment. Combining a priori knowledge and observed data, a BN learning algorithm was used to generate the pattern of the relationships between possible causal factors of FB injuries. Finally, the BN was used for making inference on scenarios of interest, providing, for instance, the risk that an accident caused by a spherical object swallowed by a male child aged five while playing leads to hospitalization. BNs as a tool for quantitative risk assessment may assist in determining the hazard of consumer products giving an insight into their most influential specific features on the risk of experiencing severe injuries.
Treatment of Leg Telangiectases with a 532 nm KTP Laser in Multipulse Mode

BACKGROUND The multiple mode emission emphasizes the efficacy of the KTP laser. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of a 532 nm KTP laser emitting in multipulse mode for the treatment of superficial 0.5–1 mm leg telangiectases. METHODS A 532 nm KTP laser was used in a nonuniform pulse sequence or multipulse mode emission (three stacked pulses of 100 msec, 30 msec, 30 msec, and a delay between pulses of 250 msec), a fluence of 60 J/cm2, and a 0.75 mm collimated spot. No cooling was used. Fourteen female patients (average age 46 years, range 27–57 years), phototypes I–IV were examined with Doppler ultrasound to ensure their big veins were competent. A topography of the telangiectatic network was reported on a tracing plastic frame before each session and 6 weeks after the last one. These frames were digitized and the number of vessels (before and 6 weeks after each session) was determined using imaging software. Side effects, pain, and patient satisfaction were noted. RESULTS Moderate pain, immediate erythema and edema, sometimes light scabbing, temporary hypopigmentation rarely, and no matting were observed. After one treatment, vessel clearing was 53% (P < .001). It increased to 78% (P < .001) 6 weeks after two treatments, to 85% (P < .05) 6 weeks after three treatments, and to 93% (NS) 6 weeks after four treatments. CONCLUSION This nonuniform pulse sequence or multipulse mode emission emphasizes the efficacy of the KTP laser in this study. It provides a safe and effective treatment that achieved an important reduction of red leg veins telangiectases from 0.5 to 1 mm in diameter, with very few side effects.
Cigarette smoking leads to reduced relaxant responses of the cutaneous microcirculation

Background Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. The present study was undertaken to examine if cigarette smoking translates into reduced relaxant responses of the peripheral microcirculation. Methods The cutaneous forearm blood flow was measured by laser Doppler flowmetry. The vasodilator response to the iontophorectic administration of acetylcholine (ACh), acting via an endothelial mechanism, and sodium nitroprusside (SNP), and acting via a smooth muscle mechanism were studied. The study population consisted of 17 nonsmokers and 17 current smokers (mean age 64 ± 2 years, 13 females and 4 males) in each matched group. Results There was no difference between the groups in baseline characteristics or in basal flow. Smokers showed however significantly reduced responses to both ACh (mean ± SEM, from 973 ± 137% in nonsmokers to 651 ± 114% in smokers, p < 0.05) and SNP (from 575 ± 111% in nonsmokers to 355 ± 83% in smokers, p < 0.05). The response to the local heating (44 °C) was reduced in smokers (from 1188 ± 215% in nonsmokers to 714 ± 107% in smokers, p < 0.01). In addition, there was no difference between men and women within the groups. Conclusions The data show that cigarette smoking results in reduced peripheral microvascular responses to both endothelial and smooth muscle cell stimulation in healthy subjects, suggesting a generalized microvascular vasomotor function.
Expression of HB-EGF by Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells in Vitreoretinal Proliferative Disease

The heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF) has been implicated in wound-healing processes of various tissues. However, it is not known whether HB-EGF may represent a factor implicated in overstimulated wound-healing processes of the retina during proliferative retinopathies. Therefore, we investigated whether human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells, which are crucially involved in proliferative retinopathies, express and respond to HB-EGF. RPE cells express mRNAs for various members of the EGF-related growth factor family, among them for HB-EGF, as well as for the EGF receptors ErbB1, -2, -3, and -4. The gene expression of HB-EGF is stimulated in the presence of transforming and basic fibroblast growth factors and by oxidative stress and is suppressed during chemical hypoxia. Exogenous HB-EGF stimulates proliferation and migration of RPE cells and the gene and protein expression of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). HB-EGF activates at least three signal transduction pathways in RPE cells including the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (involved in the proliferation-stimulating action of HB-EGF), p38 (mediates the effects on chemotaxis and secretion of VEGF), and the phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (necessary for the stimulation of chemotaxis). In epiretinal membranes of patients with proliferative retinopathies, HB-EGF immunoreactivity was partially colocalized with the RPE cell marker, cytokeratins; this observation suggests that RPE cell-derived HB-EGF may represent one factor that drives the uncontrolled wound-healing process of the retina. The stimulating effect on the secretion of VEGF may suggest that HB-EGF is also implicated in the pathological angiogenesis of the retina.
Riemann-Roch for equivariant Chow groups

The purpose of this paper is to prove an equivariant Riemann-Roch theorem for schemes or algebraic spaces with an action of a linear algebraic group $G$. For a $G$-space $X$, this theorem gives an isomorphism between a completion of the equivariant Grothendieck group and a completion of equivariant equivariant Chow groups. The key to proving this isomorphism is a geometric description of completions of the equivariant Grothendieck group. Besides Riemann-Roch, this result has some purely $K$-theoretic applications. In particular, we prove a conjecture of K\"ock (in the case of regular schemes) and extend to arbitrary characteristic a result of Segal on representation rings.
Pharmacokinetic antagonism of (+)-methamphetamine discrimination by a low-affinity monoclonal anti-methamphetamine antibody

Animals were trained to discriminate 5 or 10 mg/kg cocaine (rats), or 3 mg/kg (+)-amphetamine (pigeons) from saline, after which dose–response curves were determined for (+)-methamphetamine and other drugs before and after administration of a (+)-methamphetamine-specific monoclonal antibody (KD=250 nM). In rats trained to discriminate 10 mg/kg cocaine from saline, intravenous (+)-methamphetamine was about three times more potent as a discriminative stimulus than intraperitoneal (+)-methamphetamine. Also in these rats, intraperitoneal (+)-methamphetamine and (+)-amphetamine were about equipotent as discriminative stimuli, and were about three times more potent than intraperitoneal cocaine. In pigeons trained to discriminate 3 mg/kg intramuscular (i.m.) (+)-amphetamine from saline, (+)-methamphetamine and (+)-amphetamine were nearly equipotent, while cocaine was slightly less potent. In rats trained to discriminate 5 or 10 mg/kg cocaine from saline, intravenous administration of 1 g/kg of the antibody shifted both intravenous and intraperitoneal dose–response curves for (+)-methamphetamine discrimination approximately threefold to the right at 1 or 4 days after administration of the antibody. In pigeons trained to discriminate 3 mg/kg intramuscular (+)-amphetamine from saline, a similar shift of the (+)-methamphetamine dose–response curve to the right also lasted for 4–7 days. However, the antibody did not affect the (+)-amphetamine dose–response curve (pigeons), or the cocaine (rats) dose–response curve. The data show that a low affinity anti-(+)-methamphetamine-specific antibody can produce a specific antagonism of an effect of (+)-methamphetamine that is closely associated with its abuse.
Metaphysical Pathos and the Theory of Bureaucracy

The conduct of a polemic focusses attention on the differences between two points of view to the neglect of their continuity and convergences. No modern polemic better exemplifies this than the controversy between the proponents of capitalism and of socialism. Each tends to define itself as the antithesis of the other; even the uncommitted bystander, rare though he be, is likely to think of the two as if they were utterly alien systems. There have always been some, however, who have taken exception to this sharp contrast between socialism and capitalism and who have insisted that there are significant similarities between the two. One of these, the French sociologist Emile Durkheim, maintained that socialism like capitalism involved an overbearing preoccupation with economic interests. In both socialist and capitalist societies, Durkheim argued, economic concerns were at the center of attention. In Durkheim's view, neither capitalism nor socialism deemed it necessary to bridle materialistic ends; neither society subordinated pecuniary interests to some higher, governing, moral norms. Therefore, “from Durkheim's point of view,” writes Talcott Parsons, “socialism and laissez-faire individualism are of the same piece. ”
Impact of culture on the experience of panic symptoms in Arab and Australian patients at a psychology clinic

To offer optimal psychological treatment, psychologists need to understand patients' own perceptions of their psychological problems, a task that is more challenging if the psychologist and patient are of different cultural backgrounds. This study examined differences in the symptom descriptions and treatment outcomes of panic disorder patients of Arabic and Australian backgrounds attending a psychological treatment facility. Arab patients were found to express more fear of dying and experience less sweating during panic attacks compared to the Australian patients. Treatment outcomes were similar across the two groups at 2-month follow-up, although not immediately after treatment. Limitations of the study that may potentially have affected this unexpected outcome are discussed, although it appears that any cultural differences are not impediments to the effectiveness of cognitive behavioural therapy.
Reference Models and Automatic Oracles for the Testing of Mesh Simplification Software for Graphics Rendering

Software with graphics rendering is an important class of applications. Many of them use polygonal models to represent the graphics. Mesh simplification is a vital technique to vary the levels of object details and, hence, improve the overall performance of the rendering process. It progressively enhances the effectiveness of rendering from initial reference systems. As such, the quality of its implementation affects that of the associated graphics rendering application. Testing of mesh simplification is essential towards assuring the quality of the applications. Is it feasible to use the reference systems to serve as automated test oracles for mesh simplification programs? If so, how well are they useful for this purpose? We present a novel approach in this paper. We propose to use pattern classification techniques to address the above problem. We generate training samples from the reference system to test samples from the implementation. Our experimentation shows that the approach is promising
Antinociceptive effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha neutralization in a rat model of antigen-induced arthritis: evidence of a neuronal target.

OBJECTIVE The reduction of pain in the course of antiinflammatory therapy can result from an attenuation of the inflammatory process and/or from the neutralization of endogenous mediators of inflammation that act directly on nociceptive neurons. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether analgesic effects of the neutralization of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) are due to an attenuation of inflammation or whether direct neuronal effects significantly contribute to pain relief in the course of therapy. METHODS Locomotor and pain-related behavior and histology were assessed in rats with chronic antigen-induced arthritis (AIA) in the knee joint, and the rats were treated with systemic saline, etanercept, or infliximab. The expression of TNF receptors (TNFRs) in dorsal root ganglia was measured using immunohistochemical analysis and polymerase chain reaction. Action potentials were recorded from afferent Adelta fibers and C fibers of the medial knee joint nerve, and etanercept and infliximab were injected intraarticularly into normal or inflamed knee joints (AIA or kaolin/carrageenan-induced inflammation). RESULTS In rats with AIA, both etanercept and infliximab significantly decreased inflammation-induced locomotor and pain-related behavior, while joint swelling was only weakly attenuated and histomorphology still revealed pronounced inflammation. A large proportion of dorsal root ganglion neurons showed TNFRI- and TNFRII-like immunoreactivity. Intraarticular injection of etanercept reduced the responses of joint afferents to mechanical stimulation of the inflamed joint starting 30 minutes after injection, but had no effect on responses to mechanical stimulation of the uninflamed joint. CONCLUSION Overall, these data show the pronounced antinociceptive effects of TNFalpha neutralization, thus suggesting that reduction of the effects of TNFalpha on pain fibers themselves significantly contributes to pain relief.
Analyse der subjektiven und objektiven Auswirkungen der Regeländerungen im Stabhochsprung

Zusammenfassung. Die Auswirkungen von Regelanderungen auf das subjektive Erleben von Sportlerinnen und Sportlern sind wenig untersucht. Im Rahmen einer Interviewstudie wurden 12 deutsche Stabhochspringerinnen und -springer zu den umfassenden Regelanderungen ihrer Disziplin im vorolympischen Jahr 2003 befragt. Die subjektiven Eindrucke der Athletinnen und Athleten wurden anschliesend mit objektiven Daten verglichen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Anpassungsleistungen im Bereich der Bewegungsvorstellung sowie der Bewegungsausfuhrung und taktischen Wettkampfgestaltung erfolgten, aber einige Sportlerinnen und Sportler dennoch den Eindruck hatten, dass sich die Regelanderungen negativ auf ihre Leistungen auswirkten. Die objektiven Daten zeigen weder die befurchteten Leistungseinbusen, noch lassen sich Zusammenhange zwischen dem subjektiven Zeitdruck aufgrund der verkurzten Versuchszeiten und den tatsachlichen Ablaufzeiten finden. Aufbauend auf den Ergebnissen und deren kritischer Diskussion werden Empfehlungen fu.
Exercise intensity and reduction in neurotic symptoms

The psychological benefits of walking and jogging were compared in 52 symptomatic neurotics over an 8‐week training period and subsequent 6‐month follow‐up. Both groups showed marked reduction of anxiety, depression and global symptoms. Joggers had greater aerobic gain, but no greater psychologic benefit. Significantly larger numbers of joggers dropped out of the study. There was no relationship between aerobic gain and reduction of symptoms at the end of the program. However, at 6 months’ follow‐up, those with greater aerobic fitness had much lower anxiety levels. Changes in exercise frequency and aerobic capacity were also maintained at follow‐up. Depression levels were not associated with aerobic fitness at follow‐up. High initial exercise intensity appears to inhibit the forming of new exercise habits.
Why Engaging in Mathematical Practices May Explain Stronger Outcomes in Affect and Engagement: Comparing Student-Driven With Highly Guided Inquiry

This article investigates why students reported liking a student-driven learning design better than a highly guided design despite equivalent gains in knowledge assessments in both conditions. We created two learning designs based on the distinction in the literature between student-driven and teacher-led approaches. One teacher assigned each of her two 5th-grade classes to one design (n = 52); both designs addressed the mathematical concepts for the same amount of time. Data were collected using written assessments, surveys, and video. Students in both classes improved equivalently on assessments. On surveys, students in the student-driven condition were significantly more positive about learning. Video was coded to examine why students were more positive in the student-driven design. This analysis showed students engaging more frequently with data in discussing strategies, questioning peers, and aligning outcomes with prior experiences. We trace the association between students’ positive responses to learning and richer engagement in mathematical practices to specific features of the student-driven design. Furthermore, we reject competing explanations (e.g., amount of off-task behavior or adult intervention). We conclude that designing learning opportunities that promote mathematical practices affords opportunities to cultivate students’ disciplinary interest. We discuss implications for teachers and curriculum designers who are responding to new mathematics standards.
Evaluating Scholarly Performance: The Productivity of Graduates of Social Work Doctoral Programs

In this study we examined the amount and the correlates of scholarly productivity among more than 1,500 graduates of social work doctoral programs. Findings reflected the skewed patterns of productivity found in previous studies of social work scholarship. Interestingly, almost half of all career conference presentations and journal publications were directed to non-social-work audiences or readerships. Different correlates of productivity were identified for social work and for non-social-work contributions. The implications of these findings are discussed, and priorities for continuing investigations concerning the profession's scholarly performance are suggested.
Cell Therapy Based on Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells Promotes Physiological and Pathological Wound Healing

Objective—We hypothesized that adipose tissue may contain progenitors cells with cutaneous and angiogenic potential. Methods and Results—Adipose tissue-derived stroma cells (ADSCs) were administrated to skin punched wounds of both nonirradiated and irradiated mice (20 Gy, locally). At day14, ADSCs promoted dermal wound healing and enhanced wound closure, viscolesticity, and collagen tissue secretion in both irradiated and nonirradiated mice. Interestingly, GFP-positive ADSCs incorporated in dermal and epidermal tissue in vivo and expressed epidermal markers K5 and K14. Cultured ADSCs in keratinocyte medium have been shown to differentiate into K5- and K14-positive cells and produced high levels of KGF. At Day 7, ADSCs also improved skin blood perfusion assessed by laser Doppler imaging, capillary density, and VEGF plasma levels in both irradiated and nonirradiated animals. GFP-positive ADSCs incorporated into capillary structures in vivo and expressed the endothelial cell marker CD31. Finally, in situ interphase fluorescence hybridization showed that a small number of ADSCs have the potential to fuse with endogenous keratinocytes. Conclusion—ADSCs participate in dermal wound healing in physiological and pathological conditions by their ability to promote reepithelialization and angiogenesis. Hence, adipose lineage cells represent a new cell source for therapeutic dermal wound healing.
An Investigation of Factors Underlying Attitude-Toward-Advertising-in-General

Abstract Given the increased interest in, and practical importance of, the Attitude-toward-the-ad construct, it is imperative to examine more closely the antecedent factors that may influence/shape these ad-specific attitudes. This study investigated one antecedent that has been proposed in the literature: Attitude-toward-advertising-in-general. The results of an empirical study utilizing traditional attitude and belief items and a thought-elicitation exercise, support the notion that attitudes toward advertising are multi-dimensional, consisting of attitudes toward the institution as well as toward the instruments used by advertisers. The inclusion of valenced thought indices provided additional explanation of global attitudes toward advertising. Though some beliefs were found to influence attitudes, several often-cited beliefs (criticisms/ concerns) about advertising were not influential.
Learning To Use Formulas To Solve Simple Arithmetic Problems

Solving simple arithmetic word problems is one of the challenges in Natural Language Understanding. This paper presents a novel method to learn to use formulas to solve simple arithmetic word problems. Our system, analyzes each of the sentences to identify the variables and their attributes; and automatically maps this information into a higher level representation. It then uses that representation to recognize the presence of a formula along with its associated variables. An equation is then generated from the formal description of the formula. In the training phase, it learns to score the pair from the systematically generated higher level representation. It is able to solve 86.07% of the problems in a corpus of standard primary school test questions and beats the state-of-the-art by
Social Cognitive Predictors of Domain and Life Satisfaction: Exploring the Theoretical Precursors of Subjective Well-Being.

Central variables of social cognitive theory were adapted to forge an integrative model of well-being, which was designed to offer greater utility for therapeutic and self-directed change efforts than the dominant personality view of well-being. The authors present 2 studies using versions of the social cognitive model to predict domain-specific and overall life satisfaction. In both studies-one nomothetic, the other idiographic in measurement approach-findings indicated that satisfaction in particular life domains is predicted by domain-specific social cognitive variables (e.g., self-efficacy, perceived goal progress, environmental resources). Domain satisfaction in valued life domains also explained unique variance in overall life satisfaction, even after controlling for trait positive affectivity or extraversion. Implications for theory, research, and counseling aimed at well-being promotion and maintenance are discussed.