Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Spectral analysis of 35 GRBs/XRFs observed with HETE-2/FREGATE

We present a spectral analysis of 35 GRBs detected with the HETE-2 gamma-ray detectors (the FREGATE instru- ment) in the energy range 7-400 keV. The GRB sample analyzed is made of GRBs localized with the Wide Field X-ray Monitor onboard HETE-2 or with the GRB Interplanetary Network. We derive the spectral parameters of the time-integrated spectra, and present the distribution of the low-energy photon index, alpha, and of the peak energy, Ep. We then discuss the existence and nature of the recently discovered X-Ray Flashes and their relationship with classical GRBs.
The Effectiveness of GlOSS for the Text Database Discovery Problem

The popularity of on line document databases has led to a new problem nding which text databases out of many candidate choices are the most relevant to a user Identifying the relevant databases for a given query is the text database discovery problem The rst part of this paper presents a practical solution based on estimating the result size of a query and a database The method is termed GlOSS Glossary of Servers Server The second part of this paper evaluates the e ectiveness of GlOSS based on a trace of real user queries In addition we analyze the storage cost of our approach
Perpetrator Responses to Victim Confrontation: DARVO and Victim Self-Blame

ABSTRACT Perpetrators of violence often use a strategy of Deny, Attack, and Reverse Victim and Offender (DARVO) to confuse and silence their victims. Although some previous research has examined the individual elements of DARVO, this is the first study to directly examine DARVO as a unitary concept and to investigate how it relates to feelings of self-blame among victims. Subsequently, 138 undergraduate students were asked to report on a time they confronted an individual over a wrong-doing. DARVO was assessed with a new measure constructed for this study. Analyses revealed that: (1) DARVO was commonly used by individuals who were confronted; (2) women were more likely to be exposed to DARVO than men during confrontations; (3) the three components of DARVO were positively correlated, supporting the theoretical construction of DARVO; and (4) higher levels of exposure to DARVO during a confrontation were associated with increased perceptions of self-blame among the confronters. These results provide evidence for the existence of DARVO as a perpetrator strategy and establish a relationship between DARVO exposure and feelings of self-blame. Exploring DARVO aids in understanding how perpetrators are able to enforce victims’ silence through the mechanism of self-blame.
THE CAUCHY PROBLEM FOR SEMILINEAR PARABOLIC EQUATIONS IN BESOV SPACES

In this paper we first give a unified method by introducing the concept of admissible triplets to study local and global Cauchy problems for semi-linear parabolic equations with a general nonlinear term in different Sobolev spaces. In particular, we establish the local well-posedness and small global well-posedness of the Cauchy problem for semi-linear parabolic equations without the homogeneous condition on the nonlinear term. Our results improve the previously known ones, whilst the proofs are simpler compared with previous ones. Secondly, we establish the local well-posedness and small global well-posedness in Besov spaces of the Cauchy problem for semi-linear parabolic equations under suitable conditions. Finally, we study the local well-posedness and small global well-posedness in the critical Besov spaces of the Cauchy problem by means of the improved Sobolev inequality established by Nakamura and Ozawa (J. Funct. Anal. Vol. 127, 1995, pp. 259-269; Vol. 155, 1998, pp. 365-380).
Linux NFSv4.1 Performance Under a Microscope

NFS is a highly popular method of consolidating file resources in today’s complex computing environments. NFSv4.1, the latest version of the NFS protocol, has improvements in security, maintainability, and performance. Before system administrators can take advantage of NFSv4.1 in production systems, we need a good understanding of its performance. For this purpose, we present a detail-oriented benchmarking study of Linux’s implementation of NFSv4.1 using micro-workloads. The NFSv4.1 servers in the 2.6. 32 and 3.12. 0 kernels performed well in most of our experiments. However, we also observed that Linux’s memory management can waste up to 80% of NFS I/O throughput. NFS performance also suffers from unfair networking behavior that causes the throughputs of identical NFS clients to differ by a factor up to19×. We show that NFS delegations can boost performance by saving up to 90% of network traffic, but a delegation conflict can cause a delay of at least 100ms—more than 500× the RTT of our network. We also found that NFS can exhibit counterintuitive performance behavior due to its intricate interactions with networking and with journaling in local file systems. Tags: benchmarking, file system, NFS, performance analysis, storage systems.
GRB 060206 and the quandary of achromatic breaks in afterglow light curves

Gamma-ray burst afterglow observations in the Swift era have a perceived lack of achromatic jet breaks compared with the BeppoSAX era. We present our multi-wavelength analysis of GRB 060206 as an illustrative example of how inferences of jet breaks from optical and X-ray data might differ. The results of temporal and spectral analyses are compared, and attempts are made to fit the data within the context of the standard blast wave model. We find that while the break appears more pronounced in the optical and evidence for it from the X-ray alone is weak, the data are actually consistent with an achromatic break at about 16 h. This break and the light curves fit standard blast wave models, either as a jet break or as an injection break. As the pre-Swift sample of afterglows are dominated by optical observations, and in the Swift era most well-sampled light curves are in the X-ray, caution is needed when making a direct comparison between the two samples, and when making definite statements on the absence of achromatic breaks.
The Medial Frontal Cortex and the Rapid Processing of Monetary Gains and Losses

We report the observation of neural processing that occurs within 265 milliseconds after outcome stimuli that inform human participants about gains and losses in a gambling task. A negative-polarity event-related brain potential, probably generated by a medial-frontal region in or near the anterior cingulate cortex, was greater in amplitude when a participant's choice between two alternatives resulted in a loss than when it resulted in a gain. The sensitivity to losses was not simply a reflection of detecting an error; gains did not elicit the medial-frontal activity when the alternative choice would have yielded a greater gain, and losses elicited the activity even when the alternative choice would have yielded a greater loss. Choices made after losses were riskier and were associated with greater loss-related activity than choices made after gains. It follows that medial-frontal computations may contribute to mental states that participate in higher level decisions, including economic choices.
Symposium on Transcription and Analysis: A Hukwe Song with Musical Bow, Transcription I

Introduction Author(s): Nicholas M. England Source: Ethnomusicology, Vol. 8, No. 3 (Sep., 1964), pp. 223-233 Published by: University of Illinois Press on behalf of Society for Ethnomusicology Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/850124 Accessed: 19-05-2017 21:17 UTC JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact support@jstor.org. Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at http://about.jstor.org/terms University of Illinois Press, Society for Ethnomusicology are collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Ethnomusicology This content downloaded from 128.200. 102.71 on Fri, 19 May 2017 21:17:01 UTC All use subject to http://about.jstor.org/terms
Please Scroll down for Article the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology the Role of Age and Inhibitory Efficiency in Working Memory Processing and Storage Components

(2011) 'The role of age and inhibitory efficiency in working memory processing and storage components', This article may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, redistribution , reselling , loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. The publisher does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents will be complete or accurate or up to date. The accuracy of any instructions, formulae and drug doses should be independently verified with primary sources. The publisher shall not be liable for any loss, actions, claims, proceedings, demand or costs or damages whatsoever or howsoever caused arising directly or indirectly in connection with or arising out of the use of this material.
Understanding Correlation: Factors That Affect the Size of r

ABSTRACT. The authors describe and illustrate 6 factors that affect the size of a Pearson correlation: (a) the amount of variability in the data, (b) differences in the shapes of the 2 distributions, (c) lack of linearity, (d) the presence of 1 or more "outliers," (e) characteristics of the sample, and (f) measurement error. Also discussed are ways to determine whether these factors are likely affecting the correlation, as well as ways to estimate the size of the influence or reduce the influence of each.
Generalized Robertson-Walker Space-Time Admitting Evolving Null Horizons Related to a Black Hole Event Horizon

A new technique is used to study a family of time-dependent null horizons, called "Evolving Null Horizons" (ENHs), of generalized Robertson-Walker (GRW) space-time [Formula: see text] such that the metric [Formula: see text] satisfies a kinematic condition. This work is different from our early papers on the same issue where we used (1 + n)-splitting space-time but only some special subcases of GRW space-time have this formalism. Also, in contrast to previous work, we have proved that each member of ENHs is totally umbilical in [Formula: see text]. Finally, we show that there exists an ENH which is always a null horizon evolving into a black hole event horizon and suggest some open problems.
Complexity and naturalness biases in phonotactics: Hayes and White (2013) revisited

Hayes and White (2013) found that English speakers rate words that violate natural phonotactic constraints as worse than words that violate unnatural ones. Their “natural” constraints both enforced typologically common restrictions and were phonetically grounded, while their unnatural constraints met neither criterion. They used this experimental finding as evidence for a learning bias in favor of natural constraints. The strength of this conclusion was weakened by the presence of a confound: the unnatural constraints were also more structurally complex. This paper presents the results from an experiment that replicated Hayes and White, but added complexity as a variable of interest. The results suggest that naturalness and complexity both affect phonological acquisition: supporting the conclusions of Hayes and White (2013), but differing from the findings of most artificial language learning studies.
Young People’s Political Participation

In established democracies, a public pedagogy challenge for municipalities is to create, integrate and expand opportunities for young people’s political participation in decision-making. These opportunities are guided by different reasons, values and explanations as to why young people’s political participation is important. This article contributes empirical knowledge about the motives that direct young people’s political participation in decision-making at the municipal level. By means of a case study in a municipality in the west of Sweden, three recurrent motives have been identified: political participation as a means, democratic fostering and an intrinsic value. Based on political socialization theory, empirical findings and previous research, two major challenges in youth policy work are identified and discussed in terms of public pedagogy.
Language Resources for Studying Argument

This paper describes the development of a written corpus of argumentative reasoning. Arguments in the corpus have been analysed using state of the art techniques from argumentation theory and have been marked up using an open, reusable markup language. A number of the key challenges enountered during the process are explored, and preliminary observations about features such as inter-coder reliability and corpus statistics are discussed. In addition, several examples are offered of how this kind of language resource can be used in linguistic, computational and philosophical research, and in particular, how the corpus has been used to initiate a programme investigating the automatic detection of argumentative structure.
The impact of embedded valleys on daytime pollution transport over a mountain range

Idealized large-eddy simulations were performed to investigate the impact of different mountain geometries on daytime pollution transport by thermally driven winds. The main objective was to determine interactions between plain-to-mountain and slope wind systems, and their influence on the pollution distribution over complex terrain. For this purpose, tracer analyses were conducted over a quasi-two-dimensional mountain range with embedded valleys bordered by ridges with different crest heights and a flat foreland in cross-mountain direction. The valley depth was varied systematically. It was found that different flow regimes develop dependent on the valley floor height. In the case of elevated valley floors, the plain-to-mountain wind descends into the potentially warmer valley and replaces the opposing upslope wind. This superimposed plain-to-mountain wind increases the pollution transport towards the main ridge by an additional 20 % compared to the regime with a deep valley. Due to mountain and advective venting, the vertical exchange is 3.6 times higher over complex terrain than over a flat plain. However, the calculated vertical exchange is strongly sensitive to the definition of the convective boundary layer height. In summary, the impact of the terrain geometry on the mechanisms of pollution transport confirms the necessity to account for topographic effects in future boundary layer parameterization schemes.
The differentiation of excitability in embryonic chick limb motoneurons

The well-documented role of neuromuscular activity as a regulator of motoneuron and muscle development raises important questions about the differentiation of excitability in motoneurons. We have recently described changes in expression of voltage-dependent calcium currents that take place during neuromuscular development in the chick embryo (McCobb et al., 1989). We now report similar analyses, using whole-cell patch-recording methods, of the major currents underlying action potential generation in the same motoneurons. Studies were conducted on identified hindlimb motoneurons isolated from the spinal cord at 3 very different stages of chick hindlimb development. Motoneurons could generate overshooting action potentials at the earliest stage studied [embryonic day 4 (E4)]. However, large changes in densities of several voltage-dependent ionic currents occurred thereafter. E6 and E11 motoneurons had progressively larger INa densities and, consequently, greater action potential amplitudes. Densities of 2 potassium currents, Ik and IA, increased on separate schedules. The relatively late and much larger increase in IA resulted in a substantial developmental decline in action potential duration. These changes, which will greatly affect motoneuron output to muscle by affecting Ca2+ entry through voltage-gated channels, occur at the same time that activity-dependent developmental changes occur in the neuromuscular system.
Academically Supporting STEM Students From a Distance Through Videoconferencing: Lessons Learned

ABSTRACT Student demand for distance learning, changing student demographics, and low retention compel institutions of higher education to develop alternative forms of academic support that can effectively serve the increasingly diverse needs of students. Videoconferencing provides institutions with the capacity to provide interactive real - time academic support that can successfully accommodate these needs. This article discusses the technical, pedagogical, staffing, training, and marketing factors that were important in the development and management of an online academic support program delivered synchronously through videoconferencing to students in high-risk Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) courses. The factors emerged from a mixed-method study that showed the efficacy of the online academic support program and identified influences that affected student adoption of academic support through videoconferencing.
Exploring Ethics and Client Work in Public Relations Education

The purpose of this study was to examine the role of ethics and service learning client work in public relations education. Interviews were conducted with students at three universities who had completed public relations client work. Findings suggest that ethics in client work involves honesty, respect, following personal convictions, bracketing personal values, and balancing ethical values. Students perceived that client work prepared them to be accountable, perform quality work, rely on mentoring, and learn that being ethical takes practice. Ultimately, client work appears to help students explore ethical beliefs and competencies in a realistic environment with assistance.
Resident outcomes of Medicaid-funded community residential care.

PURPOSE Washington State's initiatives to increase the availability and quality of community residential care presented an opportunity to describe clients entering adult family homes, adult residential care, and assisted living and to identify outcomes of care. DESIGN AND METHODS We enrolled 349 residents, 243 informal caregivers, and 299 providers in 219 settings. We conducted interviews at enrollment and 12 months later, and we collected data from state databases. RESULTS The average resident was a 78 year old woman reporting dependence in two of six activities of daily living. Residents in adult family homes demonstrated significantly more disability. Seventy-eight percent of residents survived at the 12-month follow-up. In analyses that controlled for differences at enrollment, residents in the three types of settings were very similar in health outcomes at follow-up. IMPLICATIONS State policies should reflect the wide range of needs of residents seeking care in these settings. Choices among type of setting can be based on the match of needs to individual preferences.
Cold Exposure Exacerbates the Development of Diabetic Polyneuropathy in the Rat

Diabetic polyneuropathy (DPN) and cold-induced nerve injury share several pathogenic mechanisms. This study explores whether cold exposure contributes to the development of DPN. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and controls were exposed to a room temperature (23°C) or cold environment (10°C). H-reflex, tail and sciatic motor, and sensory nerve conduction studies were performed. Analyses of sural nerve, intraepidermal nerve fibers, and skin and nerve nitrotyrosine ELISAs were performed. Diabetic animals exposed to a cold environment had an increased H-reflex four weeks earlier than diabetic room temperature animals (P = .03). Cold-exposed diabetic animals also had greater reduction in motor conduction velocities at 20 weeks (P = .017), decreased skin nerve fiber density (P = .037), and increased skin nitrotyrosine levels (P = .047). Cold exposure appears to hasten the development of DPN in the rat STZ model of diabetes. These findings support that further study into the relationship between ambient temperature and DPN is warranted.
I-gridTM: infrastructure for nationwide real-time power monitoring

A significant barrier to improving the power quality at industrial facilities is the lack of contemporaneous and historical power quality and reliability data. A new web-enabled near-real-time power quality (PQ) monitoring system, the I-Grid/spl trade/, has been developed to provide such information on a nationwide basis. The ultra-low cost I-Sense/spl trade/ monitors record power events and send event data via the Internet to the I-Grid database servers using an internal modem. Data display, email event notification, site administration and summary reporting of the data is achieved via a web browser. In cooperation with the DOE, EPRI, leading utilities and manufacturers, the deployment of I-Sense monitors has begun, with a target deployment of 50 000 monitors across the US and Canada over the next 24 years. This paper discusses the implementation of the I-Grid system, and discusses data captured by the I-Grid since early monitors were deployed in 2001.
Role of Cell Surface Signaling in Proteolysis of an Alternative Sigma Factor in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

ABSTRACT Alternative sigma factor proteins enable transcription of specific sets of genes in bacterial cells. Their activities can be controlled by posttranslational mechanisms including inhibition by antisigma proteins and proteolytic degradation. PvdS is an alternative sigma factor that is required for expression of genes involved in synthesis of a siderophore, pyoverdine, by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In the absence of pyoverdine, the activity of PvdS is inhibited by a membrane-spanning antisigma factor, FpvR. Inhibition is relieved by a cell surface signaling pathway. In this pathway, a combination of pyoverdine and a cell surface receptor protein, FpvA, suppresses the antisigma activity of FpvR, enabling transcription of PvdS-dependent genes. In this research, we investigated proteolytic degradation of PvdS in response to the signaling pathway. Proteolysis of PvdS was observed in strains of P. aeruginosa in which FpvR had anti-sigma factor activity due to the absence of pyoverdine or the FpvA receptor protein or overproduction of FpvR. Suppression of antisigma activity by addition of pyoverdine or through the absence of FpvR prevented detectable proteolysis of PvdS. The amounts of PvdS were less in bacteria in which proteolysis was observed, and reporter gene assays showed that this reduction was not due to decreased expression of PvdS. In wild-type bacteria, there was an average of 730 molecules of PvdS per cell in late exponential growth phase. Our results show that proteolysis and amounts of PvdS are affected by the antisigma factor FpvR and that this activity of FpvR is controlled by the cell surface signaling pathway.