Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Investor Inattention and Under-Reaction to Repurchase Announcements

This paper investigates investor inattention as a plausible explanation for market reaction to repurchase announcements. We use prior turnover as the proxy for investor attention to examine the difference in stock price performance between low-attention stocks and high-attention stocks. We find that low prior turnover firms experience greater underreaction to repurchase announcements than high prior turnover firms. Low prior turnover firms also experience larger positive long-run excess returns following announcements. Furthermore, a higher level of investor's inattention leads to higher degree of underreactions, resulting in higher actual completion rates. JEL Classifications: G14, G15
Advances in the Economic Analysis of Participatory and Labor-Managed Firms

Alternative types of ownership and participatory managerial practices have recently been intensively debated. The Great Recession has revived interest in cooperative and labor-managed organizations. In addition, employee participation in decision-making and financial performance has consistently attracted attention during the last 20 years. The articles in this Volume contribute to both of these topics. The first set of articles studies the relationship among business cycles, alternative forms of ownership, and employee voice. These papers take various theoretical and empirical approaches and investigate many industries and countries. They show how the economic downturn is leading to increased incidence of employee ownership but also undermining employee voice by increasing the incidence of atypical employment. The second set of papers looks inside firms. The topics include the relationship between ownership and innovation and how financial participation and group incentives affect employee attitudes and work effort. The contributions in this volume provide stimulating research in the broad area of participatory and labor-managed organizations.
Teachers' Perceived Barriers to Technology Integration as Prescribed by 21st Century Learning Skills.

Teachers’ Perceived Barriers to Technology Integration as Prescribed by 21 Century Learning Skills by Diane Killough Young MA, Rowan University, 1996 BS, Glassboro State College, 1991 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education Administrative Leadership for Teacher Learning
Rare-earth ion size effect on resistivity, susceptibility, and superconductivity of RBa2Cu3-xZnxO7-y (R= Yb, Er, Y, Dy, Gd, Eu, Sm, and Nd).

A systematic study of Zn doping on the resistivity {rho}, dc susceptibility {chi}, and superconducting {ital T}{sub {ital c}} of {ital R}Ba{sub 2}Cu{sub 3{minus}{ital x}}Zn{sub {ital x}}O{sub 7{minus}{ital y}} systems ({ital R}=Yb, Er Y, Dy, Gd, Eu, Sm, and Nd, and 0{le}{ital x}{le}0.3) is reported. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) shows that all samples consist essentially of a single phase and retain the orthorhombic structure in the range of 0{le}{ital x}{le}0.3 (except for {ital R}=Yb in the range of 0{le}{ital x}{le}0.15). By analyzing our Raman spectra and XRD data, Zn atoms are found more likely to substitute on Cu(2) sites. Doping with Zn on the Cu site in these systems causes a rapid nearly linear decrease of {ital T}{sub {ital c}} as Zn content increases. The reduction of {ital T}{sub {ital c}} for {ital R}Ba{sub 2}Cu{sub 3{minus}{ital x}}Zn{sub {ital x}}O{sub 7{minus}{ital y}} is found to depend strongly on the ionic radius of the rare-earth element {ital R}. This effect resembles the ion size effect on {ital T}{sub {ital c}} in {ital R}{sub 1{minus}{ital x}}Pr{sub {ital x}}Ba{sub 2}Cu{sub 3}O{sub 7{minus}{ital y}}, where Pr substitutes on the {ital R} site, and in {ital R}Ba{sub 2}Cu{sub 3{minus}{ital x}}Ga{sub {ital x}}O{sub 7{minus}{ital y}}, where Gamore » substitutes on the Cu(1) sites in Cu-O chains, although in the {ital R}Ba{sub 2}Cu{sub 3{minus}{ital x}}Zn{sub {ital x}}O{sub 7{minus}{ital y}} systems Zn is found to be more likely to substitute on the Cu(2) sites in Cu-O{sub 2} planes. The suppression of superconductivity by zinc and the rare-earth ion size effect on {ital T}{sub {ital c}} in these systems is interpreted in terms of a Mott spin bipolaron model. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society. }« less
Determinants of land use changes: A spatial multinomial probit approach

Changes in land use patterns impact significantly environmental conditions as well as economic and social welfare. These changes are influenced by socio-economic as well as pedo-climatic factors. A good understanding of how these factors influence land use patterns would provide new dimensions to policy making and public policy evaluation. To this end, we propose a Spatial Multinomial Probit model to examine the determinants of land use change, at the parcel level, in the French D´epartement du Rhones from 1992 to 2003. It is based on an economic model that assumes that landowners have a choice between 4 land use categories for a given parcel at a given date: (1) agricultural, (2) forest, (3) urban and (4) no use. Each landowner compares costs and benefits associated with each parcel and each class and chooses the optimal land use to maximize his/her profit. We propose a Spatial Multinomial Probit model that allows for covariates and spatial dependence, and we use these features to explore the relative importance of factors that drive landowners to choose a specific land use category. Our findings suggest the presence of spatial patterns, implying that the decision to choose land use for a given parcel of land is strongly influenced by nonobserved factors in neighboring parcels. Moreover, results confirm that interdependencies among land use alternatives, accounted for in the spatial multinomial probit model by the correlation structure, are required for the estimation of land use decision.
The miR-146a rs2910164 G > C polymorphism and susceptibility to digestive cancer in Chinese.

BACKGROUND Several studies have reported the role of the miR-146a rs2910164 G > C polymorphism as a susceptibility factor for several digestive cancers. However, the results have been controversial. Therefore, we conducted the present meta-analysis to obtain the most reliable estimate of the association. METHODS PubMed, Embase and Web of Science databases were searched. Crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and pooled to assess the strength of the association between miR-146a rs2910164 G > C polymorphism and digestive cancer risk. A total of four eligible studies including 3,447 cases and 5,041 controls based on the search criteria were included. RESULTS We observed that miR-146a rs2910164 G > C polymorphism was not significantly correlated with digestive cancer risks when all studies were pooled into the meta-analysis. While we found that miR-146a rs2910164 polymorphism was not associated with gastric cancer, it was significantly linked with hepatocellular cancer risk (the homozygote codominant model: OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.04-1.87). In the stratified analysis by ethnicity, significant associations were observed in Chinese population for the allele contrast model (OR = 1.25; 95% CI = 1.12-1.38), for the homozygote codominant model (OR = 1.62; 95% CI = 1.28-2.04), and for the recessive model (OR = 1.38; 95% CI = 1.16-1.64). However, studies with Asian groups presented no significant association for all genetic models. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that the miR-146a rs2910164 G > C polymorphism is a low-penetrant risk factor for digestive cancers in Chinese.
Concurrent algorithms for a class of 1-D and 2-D Wiener FIR filters with symmetrical impulse response

Consideration is given to the development of parallel algorithms for the design of mean-squared-error multichannel zero-phase smoothers and 2-D image noncausal models. The resulting algorithms require approximately O(p) additions and block multiplications, with p being the order of the corresponding filter or model. Efficient order-recursive Levinson-type and Schur-type algorithms are derived. The Schur-type algorithms exhibit a high degree of parallelism and can be performed on a linear array of O(p) processors in O(p) time units. >
A Dynamic Heckscher-Ohlin Model and Inferior Goods

Under the assumption that a pure consumption good is labor intensive, we examined the properties of a two-country dynamic Heckscher-Ohlin model that allows for preferences to be non-homothetic (Bond et al. (2009)). In this paper, we assume that a pure consumption good is capital intensive and study the properties of the model. If both goods are normal, each country will have a unique autarkic steady state, and all steady state equilibria are saddle points. We also consider the case in which one good is inferior, and show that this can lead to multiple autarkic steady states and the possibility of inderminacy under free trade as in Bond et al. (2009).
Coping and Job Performance

An organizational field study comprising 42 subjects examined the relationship between growth-oriented coping and subsequent job performance. Growth orientation was measured using the 7-item growth scale obtained from the Lazarus Ways of Coping Checklist. The hypothesized relationship between growth orientation and job performance was confirmed. Individuals obtaining high evaluations of managerial performance emphasized growth-oriented strategies in their behaviors. Further research directions are introduced.
Agricultural, recreational and urban influences on agricultural land prices

Purpose - This paper aims to determine the effects of agricultural, recreational and urban variables on Oklahoma land prices. Design/methodology/approach - An econometric model is estimated using price of agricultural land parcels as the dependent variable and independent variables representing agricultural, recreational and urban uses. Recreational variables include county-level recreational income from Agricultural Census data as well as deer harvest for each county. Urban variables are functions of population and income for each county. The agricultural variables include rainfall as well as crop returns for cropland and cattle prices for pasture. Findings - Agricultural variables are the most important, followed by urban and then recreational variables. Transaction prices are higher than commonly used land-value survey data. The major recreational variable is deer harvest, which is more important in small tracts. The value of pasture is now greater than cropland. Small tract sizes receive substantial premiums. Research limitations/implications - Agriculture is still an important part of the Oklahoma economy, so the findings might differ in more densely populated states. As with most econometric models, there are possible biases due to errors in measurement or missing explanatory variables. Practical implications - The paper provides information that could be used by those wanting to estimate land value or wanting to manage land to increase its value. Originality/value - The paper differs from previous work in both variables considered and the data used. Also, most previous work has not as directly addressed the issue of the relative importance of agricultural, recreational and urban variables.
Fertility decline in the developed world: Where will it end?

This paper presents a brief overview of fertility trends in post-transitional societies. Average fertility in the developed world reached a post-World War II maximum at 2.8 births per woman (bpw) during the peak of the baby boom in the late 1950s. Steep declines in the 1960s and 1970s left fertility below replacement reaching just 1.7 bpw during 1990-95. Below replacement fertility is now the norm in the developed world as well as in a small but growing number of populations elsewhere particularly Asian countries. This paper uses the total fertility rate (TFR) which is the most widely used indicator of period fertility to measure levels and trends in the fertility of populations. However ongoing changes in the timing of childbearing affect the fertility level measured in a given year or period. Examining parents childbearing intentions would be useful since TFR and other period measures of fertility may give misleading information. The findings state the reasons why current low fertility is unlikely to decline much further and may even rise in the future in a number of countries. The first reason is that the TFR is a hypothetical measure that can and often does give an inaccurate indication of the actual rate of childbearing of women. This rate is not as slow as implied by the TFR in many developed countries. A second reason for expecting fertility not to decline further is that couples in most post-transitional societies plan to have about two children.
Suggestion systems in organizations: what motivates employees to submit suggestions?

Purpose – Suggestion systems offer the opportunity for organizations to benefit directly from their employees' innovativeness. The purpose of this paper is to investigate processes underlying employees' involvement with suggestion systems. It examines the relationship between interactional justice of the suggestion system, valence of the suggestion system (VSS), employees' wellbeing, and their motivation to submit suggestions.Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected in a German manufacturing company. In total, 142 questionnaires were completed (response rate: 71 percent). The paper applies the bootstrapping method in order to test the hypothesized relationships.Findings – Results support the hypothesized moderated mediation model, in that VSS mediated the positive relationship between interactional justice and motivation to submit suggestions when wellbeing was high or moderate, but not when wellbeing was low.Research limitations/implications – The results reflect only subjective appraisals. Howe.
Roles of entrepreneurial orientation and guanxi network with parent university in start-ups’ performance: evidence from university spin-offs in China

The aim of this study is to examine the roles of entrepreneurial orientation (EO) and the guanxi network with parent university (GNPU) in the creation of university spin-offs (USOs). The study replicates and extends previous research on academic entrepreneurship by providing an empirical analysis using data from 140 USOs in China. The empirical results indicate that three dimensions of EO (innovativeness: IN; proactiveness: PR; and risk-taking: RT) and GNPU have positive effects on the financial performance (FP); PR, RT, and GNPU have positive effects on non-financial performance (NFP) of USOs. In the context of moderating effects, this study finds that only GNPU positively moderates the relationships between IN and FP as well as between PR and NFP, failing to find others. Generally speaking, EO is an important strategic asset and GNPU is an important organisational resource that underpin the establishment of USOs. In addition, we also provide some important theoretical and practical implications for scholars, practitioners, and policy-makers.
Absence of effect of power–frequency magnetic fields exposure on mouse embryonic lens development

There are no reports in the literature investigating the biological effect of power–frequency (50/60 Hz) magnetic fields on embryonic lens development. We investigated whether power–frequency magnetic fields act as an environmental insult and induce changes in morphology or protein and/or transcription factor mRNA expression levels in developing mouse embryonic lenses. Three groups of pregnant mice were exposed to magnetic fields (50 Hz) of varying intensities (0.0, 1.5, and 4.5 mT) for 3 h per day from gestation day (GD) 0 to 18. The embryonic lenses were enucleated on GD 18. The lenses in the three groups were found to be transparent and the lens epithelial cells from the experimental groups exhibited normal ultrastructure comparable to the control. No significant differences were found among the three groups in quantity of water soluble protein (WSP), water insoluble protein (WIP), the ratio of WIP to total protein, and the mRNA expression levels of four well known developmentally regulated DNA‐binding transcription factors: Pax6, Prox1, Sox1, and c‐maf. We preserved one pregnant mouse per group, fed the neonatal mice until 2 weeks of age, and then found the lenses transparent. Our results did not detect any effects on the development of embryonic lenses in mice exposed to power–frequency magnetic fields. Bioelectromagnetics 28:628–635, 2007. © 2007 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
A prospective comparative study of 2540 infants and children with newly diagnosed idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) from the Intercontinental Childhood ITP Study Group.

OBJECTIVE To analyze prospectively the impact of age at diagnosis in childhood idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). STUDY DESIGN International registry from June 1997 to May 2001, with analysis of data from baseline and 6-month-follow-up questionnaires. RESULTS Data from 2540 patients were analyzed, including 203 infants (7.6%), 1860 children > or =1 to <10 years of age (69.1%), and 477 children and adolescents between > or =10 and <16 years of age (17.7%). The mean platelet count at diagnosis was similar in all three groups, as was the percentage of patients with initial platelet count <20x10(9)/L. The male/female ratio was highest in infants and decreased with age (P=.009). Immunoglobulin therapy was used more often in infants and corticosteroids in patients > or =10 years of age. Follow-up information at 6 months was available for 1742 children (68.6%). Chronic ITP was seen less frequently in infants (23.1%) than in children >10 years of age (47.3%, P<.0001). Intracranial hemorrhage occurred in 3 of 1742 children during the first 6 months after the diagnosis of ITP. CONCLUSIONS Pediatric patients with ITP from infancy to adolescence exhibit heterogeneity in clinical, demographic, and treatment factors.
Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Evaluation of a Novel Proton Pump Inhibitor, YH1885, in Healthy Volunteers

To evaluate the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of YH1885, a novel proton pump inhibitor, a single‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled, dose‐rising, parallel‐group study was conducted in 46 healthy volunteers. The volunteers were randomly allocated to single dose groups of 60 mg, 100 mg, 150 mg, 200 mg, and 300 mg (6 subjects per dose, including 2 placebos) or to multiple‐dose groups of 150 mg and 300 mg (once‐daily dosing for 7 days; 8 subjects per dose, including 2 placebos). The multiple‐dose study was conducted separately after the single‐dose study. YH1885 was administered orally after overnight fasting. Serial blood samples, urine samples, and pharmacodynamic measurements were taken. Drug concentrations in plasma and urine were determined by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Pharmacodynamic changes were evaluated by ambulatory intragastric pH monitoring and by serial measurements of serum gastrin concentrations. Assessments of safety and tolerability also were made. Plasma concentrations of YH1885 reached peak levels 1.3 to 2.5 hours after single‐dose administration and then declined monoexponentially with a terminal half‐life (t1/2) of 2.2 to 2.4 hours in dosage groups up to 200 mg in the single‐dose study. YH1885 showed linear pharmacokinetic characteristics, and little accumulation occurred after multiple administrations. The parent drug was not detected in urine. Dose‐related pharmacological effects were obvious for dose groups of 150 mg and higher in the single‐dose study. The mean intragastric pH and the percentage of time at pH > 4 were significantly increased. The onset of drug effect was rapid, and maximal effects were observed on the first day of administration during multiple dosing. Serum gastrin levels also showed rapid increases during dosing but with a weak dose‐effect relationship. Neither serious nor dose‐limiting adverse effects were observed. YH1885 was found to be safe and well tolerated and effectively inhibited acid secretion with dose‐dependent increases in intragastric pH. The acid‐suppressing efficacy of YH1885 needs to be further evaluated in patients with gastric acid‐related diseases.
Employment, Output and Real Wages

Employment in Australia over the past five years has recorded one of the strongest increases in the post-war period. This experience stands in marked contrast to that of the mid 1970s and early 1980s when demand for labour in Australia was very weak. Recent developments provide an opportunity to look again at the relative importance of two main factors affecting the demand for labour – viz, output and real wages. This paper presents estimates of the relationship between employment, output and real wages over the past two decades. The study therefore covers three major episodes in the labour market: the contractions in employment in the mid 1970s and early 1980s and the strong growth since 1983. The paper finds that real wages have been an important influence on employment in Australia – on average, just as important as output. The results show that a large part of the strength of employment over the past five years has been due to the fall in real wages.
Distributed storage systems and connection to network coding

Distributed storage systems aim at providing a reliable storage over unreliable nodes thorough introducing redundancy. In these systems when a node is failed to retain the previous reliability a newcomer is connected to existing nodes and downloads the same amount of information as the damage node. Thus, a great deal of data transferring, called the repair bandwidth, is imposed to the system. Recently, regenerating codes are introduced to reduce the repair bandwidth through using the notion of network coding. Furthermore, in [1] the generalized regenerating codes are proposed which is an extension of regenerating codes for the case of having different download cost from surviving nodes. The current paper provides a real world example to explain the main difference between regenerating codes and generalized regenerating codes.
Defining 'Material, Nonpublic': What Should Constitute Illegal Insider Information?

The statutory penalties for illegal insider trading have become almost as severe as first-degree murder, yet we see insiders make tens of thousands of lucrative transactions every year. Moreover, the increase in penalties over time has done little to slow down insider trading. We argue that the resolution of their paradox lies in understanding the concept of material, non-public information. As long as there is no clear definition of what is illegal under the statutes, insiders and tippees will continue to trade profitably, with little to fear from seemingly draconian sanctions. To prevent further abuse of insiders’ informational privileges, we offer a new evidentiary presumption. We propose that the a prima facie case for illegality be found upon proof that: 1) the information giving rise to the trade is of the type that requires an 8-K filing by the corporation; 2) upon announcement, it must lead to statistically significant abnormal stock returns; and 3) the insider trading must have occurred within two months prior to the announcement of the information. Of course, our presumption does not cover all possible instances of insider trading and it is not intended to be comprehensive. For instance, insiders may trade on material, nonpublic information and yet, they may still end up losing money due to unexpected circumstances. Insiders may also exploit long-lived information beyond two months. Our objective is to provide a prima facie presumption of what is always considered material, nonpublic information, similar to Rule 14e-3, which has declared takeover-related information to be always material and nonpublic. We expect that other types of trading will still fall in a grey area and will need to be resolved through a fact-finding process. Yet, we expect additional clarity will allow all insiders who want to be on the safe side of the law the ability to ensure that their transactions do not meet any of the conditions set forth above.