Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How Close Are We

Epilepsy is a common neurological condition, affecting about 4% of individuals over their lifetime. Epilepsy can be idiopathic, secondary to an underlying genetic abnormality or unknown causes, or acquired. Known potential causes account for about onethirdofepilepsy.Control ofepilepsyhasprimarilyfocused on suppressing seizure activity after epilepsy has developed. An intriguing possibility is to control acquired epilepsy by preventing epileptogenesis, the process by which the brain becomes epileptic. Many laboratory models simulate human epilepsy as well as provide a system for studying epileptogenesis. The kindling model involves repeated application of subconvulsive electrical stimulation to the brain, leading to spontaneous seizures. Other models include the cortical or systemic injection of various chemicals. These models suggest that many antiepilepticdrugs,fromphenobarbitalandvalproate(valproicacid)tolevetiracetam and tiagabine, have antiepileptogenic potential. Some promising other possibilities include N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) or alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA) antagonists as well as the neurotrophins and their receptors.
The Contribution of Visual and Acoustic Information to Bodily Self Recognition

One of the most intriguing topic addressed by researchers across the cognitive sciences concerns the “self” and the self-other distinction. The present thesis adds to this debate by exploring the recognition of bodily self, based on visual and acoustical information. The first part of the present dissertation focuses on mechanisms and neural bases of bodily self, adopting a classical neuropsychological approach. Brain damaged patients were submitted to two different tasks designed for testing implicit and explicit self-body recognition using pictures depicting left and right hands as stimuli that belong to the participant or to other people. In Study 1, right and left brain damaged patients’ performance was compared to verify whether implicit and explicit self-body recognition are mediated by different cerebral networks that can be selectively impaired after focal brain lesion. A Voxel-based lesion-symptom mapping analysis revealed that an integrated cortical–subcortical right frontal (motor) network is crucial for an implicit knowledge of one’s own body. Conversely, both hemispheres contribute to an explicit knowledge of our body. In addition, Study 2 demonstrates how the implicit and explicit bodily knowledge is selectively impaired in patients with and without pathological embodiment of others’ body. The second part of the thesis explores the contribution of voice to self/other distinction. In Study 3, implicit and explicit self-voice recognition was investigated in healthy individuals. Interestingly, self-voice was better processed when an implicit rather than an explicit recognition was required. Finally, in Study 4, the anatomical basis of implicit and explicit self-voice recognition was investigated in neuropsychological patients. Behavioural and anatomical data demonstrates the involvement of right hemisphere in implicit processing and the joint contribution of both hemispheres in explicit recognition of self-voice. Overall, this thesis highlights the role played by visual and acoustic cues in building the sense of body-ownership.
Residual sleep beliefs and sleep disturbance following Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for major depression

Background: Sleep disturbance is a commonly reported residual symptom after effective depression treatment. This residual sleep impairment, as well as the presence of problem levels of certain sleep beliefs, may be important for depressive relapse prevention, and as such should be addressed in treatment. The following study examined residual sleep disturbance and residual maladaptive sleep beliefs in those treated with Cognitive Behavior Therapy for depression. Methods: Participants (N = 24) were clinic patients seeking treatment for depression at a community clinic. Repeated measures analyses of variance tested pre‐ to posttreatment change on depression symptoms, general negative beliefs, sleep quality, and maladaptive sleep beliefs. Results: As expected, significant time effects were found for depressive symptoms and general negative beliefs. Sleep quality scores also decreased significantly at posttreatment; however, 92% of those no longer meeting depressive criteria continued to endorse residual sleep disturbance, according to an established clinical cutoff score of >5 on a validated measure of sleep quality (the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index). There were no significant pre‐ to posttreatment changes for maladaptive sleep beliefs. Conclusions: The results indicate that sleep disturbance and maladaptive sleep‐related beliefs remain a problematic residual symptom of remitted depression. These findings are discussed with reference to improving cognitive behavioral treatments for depression in order to help reduce rates of residual sleep problems. Depression and Anxiety, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
From impressionism to expressionism: Automatically identifying van Gogh's paintings

Curators, art historians, and connoisseurs are often interested in determining the authorship of paintings. Machine learning and image processing techniques can assist in this task by providing non-invasive, automatic, and objective methods. In this work, we study the automatic identification of Vincent van Gogh's paintings using a Convolutional Neural Network that extracts discriminative visual patterns of a painter directly from images, and a machine learning classifier allied with a fusion method in the final decision process. We divide each painting into non-overlapping patches, classify them individually, and then aggregate the outcomes for the final response. We find out that using the patch with highest confidence score leads to the best result, outperforming the traditional voting scheme. We also contribute with a new and public dataset for van Gogh painting identification.
Mid-infrared emission of galactic nuclei. TIMMI2 versus ISO observations and models

We investigate the mid-infrared radiation of galaxies that are powered by a starburst or by an AGN. For this end, we compare the spectra obtained at different spatial scales in a sample of infrared bright galaxies. ISO observations which include emission of the nucleus as well as most of the host galaxy are compared with TIMMI2 spectra of the nuclear region. We find that ISO spectra are generally dominated by strong PAH bands. However, this is no longer true when inspecting the mid-infrared emission of the pure nucleus. Here PAH emission is detected in starbursts whereas it is significantly reduced or completely absent in AGNs. A physical explanation of these new observational results is presented by examining the temperature fluctuation of a PAH after interaction with a photon. It turns out that the hardness of the radiation field is a key parameter for quantifying the photo-destruction of small grains. Our theoretical study predicts PAH evaporation in soft X-ray environments. Radiative transfer calculations of clumpy starbursts and AGN corroborate the observational fact that PAH emission is connected to starburst activity whereas PAHs are destroyed near an AGN. The radiative transfer models predict for starbursts a much larger mid-infrared size than for AGN. This is confirmed by our TIMMI2 acquisition images: We find that the mid-infrared emission of Seyferts is dominated by a compact core while most of the starbursts are spatially resolved.
Proses Berpikir Siswa SMA dalam Memecahkan Masalah Matematika Materi Turunan Ditinjau Dari Gaya Kognitif Field Independent dan Field Dependent

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan proses berpikir siswa dengan gaya kognitif yang berbeda, yaitu siswa dengan gaya kognitif Field Independent (FI) dan siswa dengan gaya kognitif Field Dependent (FD). Penelitian dilakukan pada SMA Negeri 1 Manyar-Gresik. Subjek yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 2 orang siswa yang diambil dari kelas XI IPA-2, yaitu 1 siswa dengan gaya kognitif FI dan 1 siswa dengan gaya kognitif FD. Materi turunan diberikan untuk melihat proses berpikir kedua subjek dalam memecahkan masalah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan kedua subjek pada langkah memahami masalah, yaitu subjek FI memahami masalah lebih baik bila dibandingan dengan subjek FD. Selain itu, subjek FI menunjukkan pemahaman yang baik terhadap konsep turunan bila dibandingkan dengan subjek FD.
Are Pediatric Antibiotic Formulations Potentials Risk Factors for Dental Caries and Dental Erosion?

Introduction: One of the most frequent parents’ concerns is that oral antibiotic formulations induce dental damage in their children’s. This study aimed to assess the cariogenic and erosive potentials of 29 pediatric antibiotics. Materials and Methods: Replicates of each antibiotic were analyzed for the concentration of sugars (sucrose, glucose and fructose) and sorbitol by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The pH was determined by digital pHmeter. Titratable acidity was determined in triplicate using the same pHmeter by gradual addition of 0.1N sodium hydroxide (NaOH) until pH 7.0. Viscosity measurements were carried out using a viscosimeter. In order to rank the relative performance of each medicine, the DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) methodology was used. Results: Sucrose was present in most samples (n=24) with concentrations ranging from 26 to ≈ 100g% (w/w). Only one antibiotic contained sorbitol (66.9g%). Twenty seven antibiotics presented pH values ranging from 4.1 to 6.9 and most of them (n=15) showed the pH below the critical value for dissolution of hydroxyapatite. The values of titratable acidity and viscosity ranged from 0.26 to 40.48 ml and from 20 to 1780cP, respectively. DEA methodology showed that two medicines were distant from the performance frontier (Klaricid® 50mg and Zinnat® 250mg), which means that these medicines showed the worst performance and, therefore, greater potential for dissolution of dental enamel. Conclusion: Many antibiotics presented high concentration of sugars, high titratable acidity, pH below the critical value and high viscosity which can be considered risk factors for dental caries and erosion, when consumed frequently.
Association between body mass index with cognitive or physical functioning, and depression in Mexican elderly: A cross-sectional study

Objective: To assess the association, adjusted by sex and age, between the body mass index (BMI) and cognitive or physical functioning, and depression in Mexican elderly. Method: Three hundred and ninety five (female: 71.6%) subjects aged ≥ 60 were recruited from three independent senior care centers. Body composition was stratified as underweight, normal, or overweight (World Health Organization criteria). Cognitive functioning (Short Portable Mental State Questionnaire-SPMSQ); independent physical functioning (Barthel Index of Activities of Daily Living - BIADL); and level of depressive symptoms (Geriatric Depression Scale - GDS) were also measured. The independent and interactive effects of BMI, sex, and age on cognitive/ physical functioning, and depressive symptoms were analyzed. Results: Univariate analyses showed that underweight elderly performed worse (SPMSQ: 4.50[2.84]; BIADL: 55.00[15.99]) than normal (SPMSQ: 6.46[2.86], p≤0.05; BIADL 83.40.00[18.81], p≤0.001) and overweight (SPMSQ: 7.82[2.21], p≤.0001; BIADL: 84.42.00[15.44], p≤.0001) in cognition and physical functioning. Additionally, in underweight elderly, depression level was significantly higher (GDS: 3.90[2.28]) than the scored by overweight (GDS: 2.13[1.68], p≤0.01). Significant differences by sex were only found for physical functioning. Age-related analysis showed that the oldest subgroup was significantly more affected than the young old and the middle old in cognitive and physical functions, besides depression cores. Analysis of the interactions of BMI with sex and age did not show significant effect for any of the studied outcome variables. Conclusions: In Mexican elderly people, the presence of underweight was associated to impair cognitive/ physical functions and higher depression scores. This seems to be independent to the association between higher age and the same variables.
The HTK tied-state continuous speech recogniser

HTK is a portable software toolkit for developing systems using continuous density hidden Markov models developed by the Cambridge University Speech Group. This paper describes speech recognition experiments using HTK based systems for the DARPA Resource Management (RM) task. In particular good performance is obtained using a tied-state triphone based multiple mixture approach. This system was used in the nal DARPA RM evaluation (September 1992) and was found to perform at a similar level to the main DARPA systems, and yet be eecient in terms of the total of parameters and computational load. The results for that system are given along with some recent experiments that investigated the use of male-female modelling in a tied-state HMM system.
"What are you?" : understanding the contextual influence on the racial categorization of multiracial adults and the impact on their sense of belonging

Multiracial individuals can be racially misidentified by others based on the environment and the other person‘s racial point of reference. This qualitative study explores the ways the environmental context impacts how Mixed-race adults are racially perceived by others and the impact it had on their sense of belonging to their racial group(s). A total of 36 Multiracial adults participated in in-person, Skype, and phone interviews about the types of environmental messages they receive and how they navigate these messages. Participants described various common themes about the Multiracial experience such as: family and community racial socialization, feeling othered‘, physical racial ambiguity, identity resilience, and sense of belonging to their self-identified racial group(s). Participants expressed how other‘s perception of their identity shifted based on environment; however, often their personal views of their identity remained the same. Participants also expressed having unique knowledge and strength due to their Multiracial background. Study results indicate that the Mixed-race participants shared similar experiences compared to the Multiracial literature. This study adds new knowledge to our understanding of Multiracial experiences and raises questions about where Mixed people stand in regards to the US current race politics and identity-related resiliency and adaptation. “WHAT ARE YOU? ” UNDERSTANDING THE CONTEXTUAL INFLUENCE ON THE RACIAL CATEGORIZATION OF MULTIRACIAL ADULTS AND THE IMPACT ON THEIR SENSE OF BELONGING A projected based upon an independent investigation, submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Social Work. Maya Hochberger-Vigsittaboot Smith College School for Social Work Northampton, Massachusetts 2015
Motion planning in dynamic environments: obstacles moving along arbitrary trajectories

This paper generalizes the concept of velocity obstacles given by Fiorini et al. (1998) to obstacles moving along arbitrary trajectories. We introduce the nonlinear velocity obstacle, which takes into account the shape, velocity and path curvature of the moving obstacle. The nonlinear v-obstacle allows selecting a single avoidance maneuver (if one exists) that avoids any number of obstacles moving on any known trajectories. For unknown trajectories, the nonlinear v-obstacles can be used to generate local avoidance maneuvers based on the current velocity and path curvature of the moving obstacle. This elevates the planning strategy to a second order method, compared to the first order avoidance using the linear v-obstacle, and zero order avoidance using only position information. Analytic expressions for the nonlinear v-obstacle are derived for general trajectories in the plane. The nonlinear v-obstacles are demonstrated in a complex traffic example.
Relationship between sunlight exposure and a key genetic alteration in basal cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) of the skin is the most common cancer in humans. Epidemiologic studies implicate sunlight exposure as one risk factor, but the limited association between BCCs and UVB radiation (i.e., UV radiation of a wavelength of 280-320 nm) suggests that additional factors must be involved. At the molecular level, not much is known about the role of specific environmental agents in the pathogenesis of BCCs. Point mutations of the types produced by UVB radiation are seen in the p53 gene (also known as TP53; chromosome 17p) of 40%-56% of BCCs. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) on chromosome 9q22, however, is the most frequent genetic alteration in these tumors, and its causative agent is unknown. PURPOSE We investigated whether the genetic alteration in chromosome 9 is common to all clinical subtypes of BCCs and whether inactivation of this putative tumor suppressor is related to sunlight exposure. The presence of UVB radiation-related point mutations in the p53 gene was used as an internal control for sunlight exposure to the precursor cells. METHODS Tumor and blood samples were obtained from skin cancer patients by a surgeon who used Mohs' micrographic surgical technique. Clinical information on each tumor included location, size, histologic, subtype and whether it was primary or recurrent and sporadic or hereditary. Sixty BCCs from 58 patients were evaluated for LOH with 12 polymorphic markers that span chromosome 9. A subset of 18 tumors was evaluated for point mutations in exons 2-11 of the p53 gene, and a subset of 26 tumors was evaluated for LOH by use of a polymorphism in exon 4 of the p53 gene. Associations between tumor characteristics and molecular alterations were tested by a two-tailed chi-squared analysis or a two-tailed Fisher's exact test, depending on sample size. RESULTS In a clinically diverse series of 47 informative tumors, 32 (68%) showed LOH for chromosome 9q markers, irrespective of histologic characteristics or clinical behavior. Forty-four (94%) of the 47 tumors were from sun-exposed areas of the body, defined as the head and neck in both sexes, shoulders or chest in males, and legs in females. No association was found between chromosome 9q LOH and sunlight exposure, as assessed by either the location of tumors on the body or the presence of UVB radiation-related p53 mutations. Of note, there was a striking difference between the frequency of LOH on chromosome 17p (two [12.5%] of 16 informative tumors) and on chromosome 9q (32 [68%] of 47 informative tumors; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Inactivation of a gene on chromosome 9q22 may be a necessary event for basal cell carcinogenesis. The pathogenesis of mutations in this gene may involve factors other than sunlight in a large proportion of tumors. IMPLICATIONS The limited association between sunlight exposure and BCC incidence may reflect an etiologic contribution of additional environmental agents.
Effect of font size, italics, and colour count on web usability

Web usability measures the ease of use of a website. This study attempts to find the effect of three factors - font size, italics, and colour count - on web usability. The study was performed using a set of tasks and developing a survey questionnaire. We performed the study using a set of human subjects, selected from the undergraduate students taking courses in psychology. The data computed from the tasks and survey questionnaire were statistically analysed to find if there was any effect of font size, italics, and colour count on the three web usability dimensions. We found that for the student population considered, there was no significant effect of font size on usability. However, the manipulation of italics and colour count did influence some aspects of usability. The subjects performed better for pages with no italics and high italics compared to moderate italics. The subjects rated the pages that contained only one colour higher than the web pages with four or six colours. This research will help web developers better understand the effect of font size, italics, and colour count on web usability in general, and for young adults, in particular.
Literature on Postsecondary Disability Services: A Call for Research Guidelines

Support services for students with disabilities is now a distinct field of practice in higher education, with a significant increase in the number of students receiving services, programs to serve them, and professionals who oversee the programs. The field has professional and program standards, a code of ethics, and a disability service specific professional organization. Correspondingly, an extensive corpus of professional literature has emerged. However, though the research base has great breadth, it lacks significant depth, has poor sample and setting descriptions, and lacks methodological rigor. The result is that there is insufficient evidence spelling out what practices work with which students and in which settings. Guidelines intended to steer future research could have significant impact upon scholars conducting research and, subsequently, higher education. The present article describes the current state of the research base and proposes future directions to guide research.
An Intelligent QoS Multicast Routing Algorithm under Inaccurate Information

Taking the characteristics of multi-constrained QoS (quality of service) routing into account, an intelligent QoS multicast routing algorithm based on PSO (particle swarm optimization) and GA (genetic algorithm) is presented. In this paper, the corresponding model and its mathematical description are introduced. Under inaccurate information of QoS parameters, combining fast searching ability of PSO and global optimization ability of GA, the proposed algorithm tries to find the Pareto no-dominated warehouse with the maximum probability of meeting with multiple QoS constraints under the given cost, from which the best multicast routing tree is selected. Simulation research and performance evaluation have shown that the proposed algorithm is both feasible and effective
A novel framework for multi-rate scheduling in DSP applications

The authors present a novel framework for multi-rate scheduling of signal processing programs represented by regular stream flow graphs (RSFGs). The nodes of an RSFG may execute at different rates to avoid unbounded storage requirement under repetitive computation. A distinct feature of the scheduling framework, called the multi-rate software pipelining, is to allow maximum overlapping of operations from successive iterations subject only to precedence constraints caused by data dependencies. A novel framework based on linear programming techniques has been proposed to schedule RSFGs. The scheduling problem is formulated as a mathematical problem by capturing data dependencies between two actors as a precedence relation between the firing of these actors. The precedence relationships are represented in the form of a precedence graph. An efficient polynomial-time solution is obtained by observing that the computation rate of the optimal schedule is the minimum cost-to-time ratio cycle (MCTRC) in the precedence graph. <<ETX>>