Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Influence of Sociodemographics and Environmental Attitudes on General Responsible Environmental Behavior among Recreational Boaters

This study examined predictors of self-reported general responsible environmental behavior (GREB) among recreational boaters in Maryland in 1992. Findings show a relationship between cognitive (professed knowledge of environmental issues), affective (environmental concern), and conative (verbal commitment) components of attitudes with pro-environmental behavior. Multiple regression results show that two attitudinal variables explained 23.8% of total variance in GREB. Verbal commitment was the strongest predictor, followed by professed knowledge of environmental issues. Environmental concern was moderately correlated with GREB but did not contribute significantly to the regression model. When sociodemographics were added to the model, stand on political issues added another . 2% to the variance explained. A path diagram (AMOS 4.01) was used to reexamine the GREB framework. Results model those of the stepwise regression procedures (23% variance explained) in SPSS, and the path diagram simplifies interpretation of structural relationships among variables in a regression equation.
Sensation seeking, perceived message sensation value, personal involvement, and processing of anti-marijuana PSAs

Drug prevention research has demonstrated the effectiveness of high sensation value messages in influencing drug-related attitudes and behaviors of high sensation seekers (HSS). While there is insight into what kinds of messages are most effective in persuading HSS, we have much less understanding of the cognitive and affective processes which lead to such outcomes. This study assessed the influence of perceived message sensation value and personal involvement with marijuana on how 386 adolescent participants processed the arguments, storylines, and audio and visual elements in anti-marijuana PSAs. Three types of processing - cognitive, narrative, and sensory-were investigated. The findings suggest that perceived message sensation value is influential in mitigating the inhibiting influence of personal involvement among high sensation seekers on message processing. The practical and theoretical implications of these findings are discussed.
Verbal learning ability after traumatic brain injury : roles of working memory and processing speed

Dedication To my parents, Kip and Carole, who taught me that with persistence and determination, you can accomplish anything. Thank you for your unwavering love and support. v Acknowledgements First and foremost, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Dr. Tim Keith for serving as my dissertation committee chair. I am incredibly fortunate to have had you as an advisor and teacher throughout the course of my graduate training. Your enthusiasm for research and structural equation modeling is certainly contagious and motivated me to tackle the once daunting statistics I used in this dissertation. Thank you for encouraging and challenging me along the way, and for patiently reminding me when I would get overwhelmed that the best way to eat an elephant is " one bite at a time. " I am also especially appreciative of Dr. Walt Mercer who provided me with the opportunity to gain valuable neuropsychological assessment experience with survivors of traumatic brain injury, which was the inspiration for this study. Your guidance and mentorship throughout this process have been invaluable to me. I also wish to express my appreciation and thanks to the other wonderful members of my dissertation committee, who each provided thoughtful suggestions and insightful feedback during this process. Many thanks to the Texas NeuroRehab Center for providing me with access to the data that made this dissertation research possible. A special thanks to Minda for her considerable contribution to data collection and for so diligently maintaining the database while I was away on internship. To Kim, thank you for holding my hand over the phone many times when I was too tired to think straight. You have been an amazing friend and an unbelievable source of support throughout graduate school. vi I am extremely grateful for my loving parents, sister, and brother. Thank you for the tremendous amount of support, understanding, generosity, and encouragement you have each given me throughout my pursuit of this degree. Finally, I would like to thank Dan for helping me keep things in perspective, for always believing in me when I had doubts, and for cheering me on when I got discouraged. I cannot thank all of you enough! vii Learning and memory impairments are among the most common and enduring cognitive consequences of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Researchers have yet to reach a consensus with regard to the basic cognitive mechanism underlying new learning and …
Clinton's Military Strikes in 1998: Diversionary Uses of Force?

Much research addresses the possibility of "diversionary uses of force" by American presidents. Nearly all of it employs aggreated time-series data sets, testing for the relevance of factors such as the domestic economy's strength, public approaval ratings for the president, perceptions of the levels of "international tension," or the partisan makeup of Congress when a president uses force. Many believed that President Bill Clinton used force on Usama Bin Laden and on Iraq in 1998 to distract the public from his personal problems. In a new case study approach, this article explores four propositions regarding diversionary uses of force to examine these two Clinton military strikes. Analysis of them suggests that it is unlikely, especially in the strikes on Usama Bin Laden, that force was used for diversionary purposes.
Contrasting effects of chloride on growth, reproduction, and toxicant sensitivity in two genetically distinct strains of Hyalella azteca

The strain of Hyalella azteca (Saussure: Amphipoda) commonly used for aquatic toxicity testing in the United States has been shown to perform poorly in some standardized reconstituted waters frequently used for other test species. In 10‐d and 42‐d experiments, the growth and reproduction of the US laboratory strain of H. azteca was shown to vary strongly with chloride concentration in the test water, with declining performance observed below 15 mg/L to 20 mg/L. In contrast to the chloride‐dependent performance of the US laboratory strain of H. azteca, growth of a genetically distinct strain of H. azteca obtained from an Environment Canada laboratory in Burlington, Ontario, Canada, was not influenced by chloride concentration. In acute toxicity tests with the US laboratory strain of H. azteca, the acute toxicity of sodium nitrate increased with decreasing chloride in a pattern similar not only to that observed for control growth, but also to previous acute toxicity testing with sodium sulfate. Subsequent testing with the Burlington strain showed no significant relationship between chloride concentration and the acute toxicity of sodium nitrate or sodium sulfate. These findings suggest that the chloride‐dependent toxicity shown for the US laboratory strain may be an unusual feature of that strain and perhaps not broadly representative of aquatic organisms as a whole. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015;34:2354–2362. © 2015 SETAC
Matching Versus Mismatching Cultural Norms in Performance Appraisal

The present study examined how biculturals (Asian-Americans) adjust to differing cultural settings in performance appraisal. Biculturals vary in the degree to which their two cultural identities are compatible or oppositional — Bicultural Identity Integration (BII). The authors found that individual differences in BII interacted with the manipulation of the cultural setting (American or Asian) in determining whether employee outcomes were evaluated as matching or mismatching cultural norms. Results showed that Asian-Americans with high BII gave less weight to employees’ situational conditions in the American setting (matching American cultural norms) and more weight in the Asian setting (matching Asian cultural norms), whereas those with low BII showed the opposite pattern, giving more weight to employees’ situational conditions in the American setting (mismatching American cultural norms) and less weight in the Asian setting (mismatching Asian cultural norms). We discuss the implications of understanding bicultural identity dynamics in managerial judgment and behavior. Assonance ou dissonance des normes culturelles lors de l’évaluation annuelle de performance : effets de l’environnement culturel et intégration de l’identité biculturelle (Aurelia Mok, Chi-Ying Cheng et Michael W. Morris) Cette étude examine comment les personnes biculturelles (ici, les Asio-américains) s’ajustent aux différents environnements culturels lors d’évaluations annuelles de performance. Ces derniers varient selon le degré de compatibilité ou d’opposition de leurs identités culturelles — intégration de l’identité culturelle (IIB). Les auteurs concluent que les différences individuelles en matière d’IIB interagissent avec la manipulation de l’environnement culturel (américain ou asiatique) pour déterminer si les résultats des employés sont évalués selon des normes culturelles assonantes ou dissonantes. Les conclusions de l’étude montrent que les Asio-américains avec une IIB élevée donnent moins de poids aux conditions situationnelles des employés dans l’environnement américain (assonance des normes culturelles américaines) et plus de poids à l’environnement asiatique (assonance des normes culturelles asiatiques) ; en revanche ceux dotés d’une faible IIB sont à l’opposé de ce schéma, donnant plus de poids aux conditions situationnelles des employés dans l’environnement américain (dissonance des normes culturelles américaines) et moins de poids à l’environnement asiatique (dissonance des normes culturelles asiatiques). Nous étudions enfin les implications de la dynamique d’identité biculturelle dans le jugement et le comportement managérial.
Ecological Sucking Monitoring of Newborns

Feeding by sucking is one of the first activities of daily life performed by infants. Sucking plays a fundamental role in neurological development and may be considered a good early predictor of neuromotor development. In this paper, a new method for ecological assessment of infants' nutritive sucking behavior is presented and experimentally validated. Preliminary data on healthy newborn subjects are first acquired to define the main technical specifications of a novel instrumented device. This device is designed to be easily integrated in a commercially available feeding bottle, allowing clinical method development for screening large numbers of subjects. The new approach proposed allows: 1) accurate measurement of intra-oral pressure for neuromotor control analysis and 2) estimation of milk volume delivered to the mouth within variation between estimated and reference volumes.
Supplementation with zinc, but not vitamin A, improves seroconversion to vibriocidal antibody in children given an oral cholera vaccine.

To investigate whether micronutrient supplementation could improve the vibriocidal antibody response of children to a killed oral cholera vaccine, 2-5-year-old children were randomly assigned to receive vitamin A and zinc (AZ group), vitamin A and a placebo (A group), zinc and a placebo (Z group), or both placebos (P group). All children received 2 doses of the vaccine. The number of children who had a > or = 4-fold increase in vibriocidal antibody was significantly greater in the AZ group than in the P group (P = .025-.028). Factorial analysis suggested that the proportion of children with a > or = 4-fold increase in vibriocidal antibody titer was significantly greater in the zinc-supplemented groups than in the groups that did not receive zinc (P = .013-.048) and that vitamin A supplementation did not have a significant effect. Thus, supplementation with zinc improves seroconversion to vibriocidal antibody and, hence, has the potential to improve the efficacy of oral cholera vaccine in children.
¿Qué? ¿cómo que te vas a casar?: congratulations and rapport management: A case study of Peruvian Spanish speakers

Using Spencer-Oatey’s (2005) rapport management theoretical framework, this article examines Peruvian Spanish-speakers’ behavioral expectations, types of face respected/threatened and interactional wants when congratulating. Analysis shows that participants’ interactional wants were mainly relational; they exhibited a rapport-maintenance orientation using strategies that, although apparently violating the equity principle, relfected their interdependent self-construals (Markus and Kitayama 1991). Along the same lines, participants enhanced their own identity and respectability face, and in doing so, also enhanced the interlocutor’s respectability face by making her the beneficiary of their concern for her. Although gender differences were found, these were not statistically significant.
Why Some Youth Don't Use Alcohol: Protective Factors and Implications for Parenting Skills

ABSTRACT Historically, research on youth focused on risk factors associated with children who were already abusing alcohol and/or other drugs. The objective of this review of a 1986 study of 2,059 high school youth is to identify “protective factors” related to non-use or limited use of alcohol by high school students. In conformity with the strengths perspective, prevention protocols should include attempts to promote protective factors. Research evidence points to a model of rearing children that includes the parents and the community or “village,” joining together to maximize the children's access to connections and bonds, order and discipline, and hopes and dreams.
Districtwide Instructional Reform: Using Sociocultural Theory to Link Professional Learning to Organizational Support

No Child Left Behind Act accountability pressures and calls to close achievement gaps between groups of students have challenged school districts to achieve systemwide instructional improvement. These policies create learning challenges for classroom teachers and for school and district leaders. This article engages questions about organizational support for professional learning in the context of reform initiatives. A theoretical lens—called the Vygotsky Space—is used to analyze case study data from a reforming urban school district located in the Pacific Northwest. A job‐embedded professional development structure called the Elementary Studio/Residency Model is explored in depth as are the learning processes of one participating teacher. The teacher’s professional learning experiences are then connected with leadership actions and institutional supports for learning. The relationship between organizational change and district leaders’ attention to practitioner learning and innovation is discussed.
Longitudinal Changes in Religiosity in Dutch Society and Drama Programs on Television, 1980–2005

In this study, we examined the relationship between changes regarding religious practices and beliefs in Dutch society as ascertained in longitudinal surveys and indicators of these social cultural trends as witnessed in drama programs on Dutch television. A sample of 503 prime-time programs aired between 1980 and 2005, with a total number of 2,114 identified main characters, was selected for systematic content analysis. The findings showed a marked decrease in the proportion of main characters with an identifiable religious orientation and the number of programs with religious minor characters over this period of time. The occurrence of religious themes in storylines in programs also had decreased. Institutional religion plays a rapidly decreasing role in Dutch society and religious content in Dutch drama television is all but absent. Our main conclusion is that longitudinal changes in the representation of religion in Dutch television drama seem to precede changes in the role and perception of religion in Dutch society.
Health‐related quality of life, cognitive functioning and behaviour problems in children with Langerhans cell histiocytosis

This study was designed to evaluate generic and disease‐specific health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), cognitive functioning and behaviour problems of children with Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH). Furthermore, we investigated which medical determinants and social demographic factors were predictive for HRQoL, cognitive functioning and behavioural problems.
The Relationship Between Reading Performance and Discipline Referrals

The objective of this longitudinal study was to determine if a relationship between reading performance and discipline referral contacts could be found in a cohort of students at third and fifth grades. Archival data for a sample of 112 6th graders attending a select Hawaiian Island school were obtained from mandatory State assessment and discipline referral records. T-test and one-way analysis of variance were completed to evaluate the effects of grade, gender, SES, and ethnicity. Results of data analysis revealed no significant differences in reading performance for referred and non-referred subjects across all sampled groups. Implications for future studies suggest supplementing discipline referral data with additional behavioral measures such as behavior rating scales and observation. Increasing sample sizes to reflect a larger number of overall subjects across a wider range of grades is also needed. Finally, it is suggested that variables such as IQ, language functioning, and disabilities be included in future analyses.
The Gifted Adolescent at Risk: Strategies and Resources for Suicide Prevention among Gifted Youth

Despite the widely held belief that gifted children are virtually immune to mental problems, recent research indicates that the incidence of psychosocial problems among gifted youth is at least as prevalent as in the general population. Furthermore, there is an increasing awareness of the potential for suicide among gifted, creative, and high achieving youth. Reminding us that gifted children are “children first, gifted second,” this article reviews techniques that have proven useful in curricula for suicide prevention among a general population of students: bibliotherapy, positive self-talk, self-concept activities. Ideas gleaned from Youth in Crisis (Barrett, 1987) are presented as being particularly relevant to the phenomenon of youth suicide. Finally, a program of guidance designed with the specific social and emotional needs of gifted persons in mind is recommended. This program would address such issues as perfectionism, societal expectations, and premature or dissynchronous development.
Multiple Personality Disorder

Five aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of multiple personality disorder (MPD) were examined. The following five conclusions were made: the contemporary diagnostic criteria are vague and overinclusive; the recent alleged increase in prevalence of the disorder is almost certainly artefactual; legal proceedings involving MPD patients raise disturbing questions about personal responsibility; there is little literature support for the theory that MPD results from childhood trauma; and many of the techniques used to diagnose and treat the condition reinforce its symptoms. A careful revision of diagnostic criteria for the disorder is recommended.
Tamil diaspora and the political spaces of second‐generation activism in Switzerland

In this article, we study the emergence of the political spaces of activism of second-generation Swiss Tamils resulting from a critical event – the suffering of Tamils during and after the final battle in early 2009 of a civil war in northern Sri Lanka that had lasted for decades. We contend that we can explain the geographies of newly emerging second-generation activism committed to achieving Tamil Eelam through two factors. These are first, this generation’s multiple senses of belonging both to Switzerland and to the Tamil ‘nation’ and, second, the way a specific politics of affect remoulded second-generation identities because the pain of witnessing the brutality of war and suffering of Tamils occurred concurrently with a perceived lack of interest from their ‘new home’ (Switzerland). The combination of these factors made them want to acknowledge their Tamil ‘roots’ and encouraged them to become politically active. Consequently, these second-generation activists primarily sought to engage with their host society – to awaken it from its indifference to the suffering of Tamils and from its passivity in taking action on an international level. We thereby witness the emerging of a new type of Tamil activism in Switzerland, which is firmly located in and bound to the host country.
Status of knowledge of the Shovelnose Sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus, Rafinesque, 1820)

Summary The range of Shovelnose Sturgeon (SVS) Scaphirhynchus platorynchus in the great rivers of central North America has contracted, but most remaining populations are considered stable, likely due to a combination of successful harvest regulations and longitudinal continuity of many river reaches, despite damming in upper reaches. The evolutionary relationships of SVS relative to sister taxa is still a matter of debate. Genetic diversity varies across the range, with substantial haplotype overlap among SVS and its congeners. Shovelnose Sturgeon mature early at 5–7 years, and spawn every 2–3 years. Some individuals may spawn in fall. Whether this species migrates is debatable, but individuals move long distances with larvae dispersing greater than 250 km, and adults moving >1900 km. Shovelnose Sturgeon appear to complete all aspects of their life cycle in the main channel of rivers, with sand and associated dunes playing an important role in station holding even at high flows. The greatest threats to this species include river temperatures exceeding 26°C that may impair growth and survival of young life stages, dams that impair movement during spring flooding, loss of critical mid-channel island habitats which may be important nursery areas, and increases in harvest pressure for the caviar trade. Given the broad distribution of this species across the jurisdiction of multiple states in the US, a species-wide conservation plan should be in place to ensure that SVS populations remain stable or increase.