Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Communication About Sexuality With Mothers and Stepmothers From the Perspective of Young Adult Daughters

Children can benefit when they are able to talk about sexuality with their parents. Studies indicate that adolescents prefer to discuss sexuality primarily with their same-sex peers and siblings. In families, teens prefer confiding in their mothers, then their fathers, and finally their stepparents of either gender. In an exploratory qualitative study, using a family systems and communication boundary perspective, 19 young women who self-identified as having a positive relationship with their mothers and nonresidential stepmothers were interviewed in depth. One area of strength identified was that the participants had open communication with their mothers. Although the volume of communication between mothers and daughters was greater than between stepmothers and stepdaughters, the content differed. Ten of the young women could confide in their stepmothers about their sexual experiences, whereas none of young women confided about sexuality with the mothers, with the exception of sexual health issues. This finding might indicate an unrecognized characteristic of positive stepmother–stepdaughter functioning. Practice implications are explored.
Calling variadic functions from a strongly-typed language

The importance of providing a mechanism to call C functions from high-level languages has been understood for many years and, these days, almost all statically-typed high-level-language implementations provide such a mechanism. One glaring omission, however, has been support for calling variadic C functions, such as printf. Variadic functions have been ignored because it is not obvious how to give static types to them and because it is not clear how to generate calling sequence when the arguments to the function may not be known until runtime. In this paper, we address this longstanding omission with an extension to the NLFFI foreign-interface framework used by Standard ML of New Jersey (SML/NJ) and the MLton SML compiler. We describe two different ways of typing variadic functions in NLFFI and an implementation technique based on the idea of using state machines to describe calling conventions. Our implementation is easily retargeted to new architectures and ABIs, and can also be easily added to any HOT language implementation that supports calling C functions.
Silicon Integrated Circuits Incorporating Antennas

The feasibility of integrating antennas and required circuits to form wireless interconnects in foundry digital CMOS technologies has been demonstrated. The key challenges including the effects of metal structures associated with integrated circuits, heat removal, packaging, and interaction of transmitted and received signals with nearby circuits appear to be manageable. This technology can potentially be used for intra and inter-chip interconnection, and implementation of true single chip radios, beacons, radars, RFID tags and others, as well as contact-less high frequency testing
An Exploration of Group and Member Development in Experiential Groups

In this phenomenological study, we explored 52 group members’ development in experiential groups. Specifically, participants completed 10 weekly journal reflections about their experiences as members and also reflected on the group’s overall development. Four overall themes—exploration, transition, working, closure—as well as multiple subthemes emerged. We discuss findings, implications for group counselors and educators, and directions for future research.
The subjective estimation of integration into a new society and the level of distress

There is a lack of socio-demographic data and psychological variables on subjects suffering distress a few years after immigration. A total of 201 subjects, 80 men and 121 women, were investigated 5 years after immigrating from the former USSR to Israel. The level of distress was compared in subjects who differed in their level of education, employment status, subjective estimation of the immigration stress and integration into society. The level of distress was higher in women, especially in those who are not employed according to their level of education, it was also higher in subjects (21.4 per cent) who feel that their life crisis is ongoing, that they are not integrated into society and have a negative experience as a result of immigrati n. Thus, the level of distress corresponds to the subjective estimation of integration into the new society.
GEMINI SPECTROSCOPIC SURVEY OF YOUNG STAR CLUSTERS IN MERGING/INTERACTING GALAXIES. III. THE ANTENNAE

We present optical spectroscopy of 16 star clusters in the merging galaxies NGC 4038/39 (“the Antennae”) and supplement this data set with Hubble Space Telescope imaging. The age and metallicity of each cluster is derived through a comparison between the observed Balmer and metal line strengths with simple stellar population models. We then estimate extinctions and masses using the photometry. We find that all but three clusters have ages between ∼3 and 200 Myr, consistent with the expected increase in the star formation rate (SFR) due to the merger. Most of the clusters have velocities in agreement with nearby molecular and H i gas that has been previously shown to be rotating within the progenitor galaxies, hence star/cluster formation is still taking place within the galactic disks. However, three clusters have radial velocities that are inconsistent with being part of the rotating gas disks, which is surprising given their young (200–500 Myr) ages. Interestingly, we find a stellar association with the same colors (V − I) near one of these three clusters, suggesting that the cluster and association were formed concurrently and have remained spatially correlated. We find evidence for spatially distributed cluster formation throughout the duration of the merger. The impact of various assumptions about the SFR/cluster formation rate on the interpretation of the cluster age distribution is explored, and we do not find evidence for long-term “infant mortality” as has been previously suggested. Models of galaxy mergers that include a prescription for star formation can provide an overall good fit to the observed cluster age distribution.
Pyrosequence Read Length of 16S rRNA Gene Affects Phylogenetic Assignment of Plant-associated Bacteria

Pyrosequence targeting of the 16S rRNA gene has been adopted for microbial communities associated with field-grown plants. To examine phylogenetic drifts according to read length and bioinformatic tools, original and chopped sequences (250–570 bp) covering the V1–V4 regions of 16S rRNA genes were compared using pyrosequence and Sanger reads of rice root microbiomes. The phylogenetic assignment at genus level depended on read length, especially in the genus Bradyrhizobium, which is one of the ecologically important bacterial genera associated with plants. We discuss the methodology of phylogenetic assignments of plant-associated bacteria by 16S rRNA pyrosequence.
Functional magnetic resonance imaging of cocaine craving.

OBJECTIVE Identification of brain activity associated with craving is important for understanding the neurobiology of addiction. METHOD Brain activity was measured in cocaine addicts and healthy subjects by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) while the subjects watched videotapes designed to elicit happy feelings, sad feelings, or the desire to use cocaine. The subjects indicated the onset of drug craving or emotional response, allowing comparison of groups before and after such feelings. RESULTS Robust activation of the anterior cingulate was evident in patients watching cocaine-cue tapes but not in patients watching happy or sad tapes or in healthy subjects under any condition. Anterior cingulate activation preceded the reported onset of craving and was evident in patients who did not report craving. In contrast, patients showed less activation than healthy subjects during the cocaine-cue tapes in areas of the frontal lobes. After the reported onset of craving, cocaine-dependent subjects showed greater activity than healthy subjects in regions that are more active in healthy subjects when they watch sad tapes than when they watch happy tapes, suggesting a physiologic link between cocaine-cue responses and normal dysphoric states. Dynamic aspects of regional brain activations, but not the location of activations, were abnormal in cocaine-dependent subjects watching sad tapes, suggesting more general affective dysregulation. Patients showed low activation of sensory areas during initial viewing of all videotapes, suggesting generalized alteration in neuroresponsiveness. CONCLUSIONS Cocaine cues lead to abnormally high cingulate and low frontal lobe activation in cocaine addicts. Addicts also show more general abnormalities in affect-related brain activation.
Thinking about the Baby: Gender and Transitions into Parenthood

engaged by Michael Sweet, and Joseph Kramer discusses alternate rituals for gay men, but the Bible is the main rallying force behind these essays. As Mona West explains in the opening to her essay: 'Whether or not we consider ourselves religious, and whether or not we consider the Bible to be the inspired word of God, our reality is that the Bible is used against the Queer community to condemn our lifestyles, exclude us from religious communities, perpetuate violence against us, and deny our basic human rights" (51). Point taken, but the Judeo-Christian focus of this book may alienate some readers. On the other hand, these scholars collective re-reading of the Bible may be appreciated. Overall, any problems with individual arguments are counteracted by other essays, and this is what makes an anthology of this kind work. The editors, Goss and Amy Adams Squire Strongheart, have carefully included a wide variety of perspectives that the reader will find refreshing and informative.
“The world’s most hostile environment”: how the tobacco industry circumvented Singapore’s advertising ban

Objective: To review how tobacco transnational companies conducted their business in the hostile environment of Singapore, attempting to counter some of the government’s tobacco control measures; to compare the Malaysian and the Singaporean governments’ stance on tobacco control and the direct bearing of this on the way the tobacco companies conduct their business. Methods: Systematic keyword and opportunistic website searches of formerly private internal industry documents. Results: The comprehensive prohibition on advertising did not prevent the companies from advertising cigarettes to Singaporeans. Both British American Tobacco and Philip Morris used Malaysian television to advertise into Singapore. To launch a new brand of cigarettes, Alpine, Philip Morris used a non-tobacco product, the Alpine wine cooler. Other creative strategies such as innovative packaging and display units at retailers were explored to overcome the restrictions. Philip Morris experimented with developing a prototype cigarette using aroma and sweetened tipping paper to target the young and health conscious. The industry sought to weaken the strong pack warnings. The industry distributed anti-smoking posters for youth to retailers but privately salivated over their market potential.
Multimedia traffic admission schemes comparison for satellite systems

The main objective of this work is the comparison of a new connection admission control (CAC) algorithm that guarantee an elevated multiplexing level and also a good QoS to real-time multimedia traffic sources mapped over DVB-RCS standard service classes with a well known iterative CAC, mainly designed for the managing of real-time bursty traffic sources. We suppose the use of a multi-spot beam geostationary DVB-RCS satellite system with a regenerative payload. We also suppose to carry IP traffic via DVB/MPEG-2 packets both in return and forward links. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed CAC, compared with the previous one, is the same but with very low computational complexity. In particular, the proposed scheme is based on a few elementary sum and product operations and has a linear computational complexity while the reference algorithm presents a quadratic one. Both algorithms guarantee the agreed QoS to real-time bursty connections that are more sensitive to delay jitter but the proposed one can manage also real-time multimedia traffic sources with high interactivity data levels.
Heavy Episodic Alcohol Use in Emerging Adulthood: The Role of Early Risk Factors and Young Adult Social Roles

In this paper we examine the potential interdependence between early adolescent alcohol use and later role occupancy of such social roles as higher education attendance, parenthood, level of work intensity, and marriage. Data from a ten-year prospective study (1990–1993 & 2000–2003) were employed to examine these relationships among a sample of 523 young adult males who had previously attended a Miami-Dade County (Florida) middle or high school. Among the adult social roles considered, only being currently married was shown to be a significant predictor of having an inverse association with heavy alcohol use. However, an important conditional relationship was also observed: among those respondents who have a history of high early alcohol use, there is an association between work intensity and heavy alcohol use such that work intensity has a social amplification effect on young adult heavy alcohol use. The results presented here demonstrate that early risk factors need to be considered in conjunction with later social role occupancy when examining young problem drinking. The implications and limitations of these findings are discussed.
The Representation of Older Adults in Malaysian Advertising

This paper presents the results of a content analysis of older adults in Malaysian advertising. It is the first study to utilize both print and television advertisements. Despite a global ageing population, many businesses in general and advertisers in particular have been criticized for not meeting the needs of older consumers. Previous content analyses reveal that older adults are vastly under-represented, and this is true across many countries in the world. The present study finds that while older women are still slightly underrepresented, there appears to be progress made in that greater numbers of older adults are now included in mainstream advertising. Moreover, these seniors are depicted as relatively happy, active, and physically strong and are utilized in ads for a range of different products. The study is the first content analysis to tentatively suggest that business is now beginning to respond to the shift in demographics.
Cancer biomarker profiling in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus, liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma.

The detection and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) at an early stage may significantly affect the prognosis of HCC patients. Thus, it is necessary to always identify novel putative markers for improving diagnosis. Hepatocarcinogenesis correlates with pathological hepatic angiogenesis. However, each tumor-induced angio-genetic process is influenced by the microenvironment through several pro- and anti-angiogenic factors released from tumor cells, tumor-associated inflammatory cells and/or from the extracellular matrix, and modulated by various signal pathways. In this study, we evaluated the profiling of angiogenic factors using Bio-Plex Pro™ Human Cancer Biomarker Panel 1, a 16-plex magnetic bead-based assay, in sera of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) virus, liver cirrhosis (LC) and HCC. Our results demonstrated: i) high levels of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and prolactin only in LC and HCC patients, ii) high levels of soluble human epidermal growth factor receptor‑2 (sHER-2/neu; ErbB-2), sIL-6Ra, leptin (LEP) and platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule‑1 (PECAM-1) in CHC, LC and HCC patients and iii) that sIL-6R correlated with the fibrosis stage in CHC patients, with Child‑Pugh score in those patients with LC and with tumor size in those patients with HCC, confirming that this protein may be used as a predictor of liver damage and of inflammatory process leading to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and subsequently to cancer. Moreover, an interactomic study conducted using the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software proved the existence of a correlation between 5 significant proteins [ErbB-2, sIL-6Ra, prolactin (PRL), HGF and LEP] which are involved in the same metabolic pathways.
Values of Portuguese/non‐Portuguese mothers of kindergarten children, and of kindergarten teachers

The aim of this research was to identify continuities/discontinuities in the values of Portuguese mothers with kindergarten children belonging to high and low socio‐cultural backgrounds, mothers from different cultures and kindergarten teachers. The sample was composed of sixty‐five mothers (fourteen Roma, fifteen Indian, twelve African, and ten Portuguese from low socio‐cultural backgrounds, and fourteen Portuguese from middle and high socio‐cultural backgrounds) and fifteen kindergarten teachers, from middle and high socio‐cultural backgrounds. They all worked in multicultural classes, and all were aged between 18 and 45. A list of behaviors and open questions about adaptive/non‐adaptive behaviors and the metaphor of Adaptive Adult were applied to identify their values. Results show continuities and discontinuities in mothers’ and kindergarten teachers’ values. The most important were: (1) valuing of autonomy by the kindergarten teachers and Portuguese mothers from high socio‐economic backgrounds and (2) valuing of conformity by Indian and Roma mothers. Discontinuities were also observed between (1) kindergarten teachers and all groups of mothers concerning personal fulfillment, only valued by kindergarten teachers, (2) professional fulfillment, only valued by Indian mothers, and (3) self characteristics, only valued by Portuguese mothers from a low socio‐economic background. Implications of these results are analyzed with regard to research, the training of kindergarten teachers and the nature of interventions with parents.
Environmental Effects on Oxygen Isotope Enrichment of Leaf Water in Cotton Leaves1

The oxygen isotope enrichment of bulk leaf water (Δb) was measured in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) leaves to test the Craig-Gordon and Farquhar-Gan models under different environmental conditions. Δb increased with increasing leaf-to-air vapor pressure difference (VPd) as an overall result of the responses to the ratio of ambient to intercellular vapor pressures (ea/ei) and to stomatal conductance (gs). The oxygen isotope enrichment of lamina water relative to source water \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \(({\bar{{\Delta}}}_{1}),\) \end{document} which increased with increasing VPd, was estimated by mass balance between less enriched water in primary veins and enriched water in the leaf. The Craig-Gordon model overestimated Δb (and \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \({\bar{{\Delta}}}_{1}),\) \end{document} as expected. Such discrepancies increased with increase in transpiration rate (E), supporting the Farquhar-Gan model, which gave reasonable predictions of Δb and \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \({\bar{{\Delta}}}_{1}\) \end{document} with an L of 7.9 mm, much less than the total radial effective length Lr of 43 mm. The fitted values of L for \batchmode \documentclass[fleqn,10pt,legalpaper]{article} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amsmath} \pagestyle{empty} \begin{document} \({\bar{{\Delta}}}_{1}\) \end{document} of individual leaves showed little dependence on VPd and temperature, supporting the assumption that the Farquhar-Gan formulation is relevant and useful in describing leaf water isotopic enrichment.
Belief revision for adaptive information retrieval

Applying Belief Revision logic to model adaptive information retrieval is appealing since it provides a rigorous theoretical foundation to model partiality and uncertainty inherent in any information retrieval (IR) processes. In particular, a retrieval context can be formalised as a belief set and the formalised context is used to disambiguate vague user queries. Belief revision logic also provides a robust computational mechanism to revise an IR system's beliefs about the users' changing information needs. In addition, information flow is proposed as a text mining method to automatically acquire the initial IR contexts. The advantage of a belief-based IRsystem is that its IR behaviour is more predictable and explanatory. However, computational efficiency is often a concern when the belief revision formalisms are applied to large real-life applications. This paper describes our belief-based adaptive IR system which is underpinned by an efficient belief revision mechanism. Our initial experiments show that the belief-based symbolic IR model is more effective than a classical quantitative IR model. To our best knowledge, this is the first successful empirical evaluation of a logic-based IR model based on large IR benchmark collections.
Woodland-to-forest transition during prolonged drought in Minnesota after ca. AD 1300.

Interactions among multiple causes of ecological perturbation, such as climate change and disturbance, can produce "ecological surprises. " Here, we examine whether climate-fire-vegetation interactions can produce ecological changes that differ in direction from those expected from the effects of climate change alone. To do so, we focus on the "Big Woods" of central Minnesota, USA, which was shaped both by climate and fire. The deciduous Big Woods forest replaced regional woodlands and savannas after the severity of regional fire regimes declined at ca. AD 1300. A trend toward wet conditions has long been assumed to explain the forest expansion, but we show that water levels at two lakes within the region (Wolsfeld Lake and Bufflehead Pond) were low when open woodlands were transformed into the Big Woods. Water levels were high instead at ca. 2240-795 BC when regional fire regimes were most severe. Based on the correlation between water levels and fire-regime severity, we infer that prolonged or repeated droughts after ca. AD 1265 reduced the biomass and connectivity of fine fuels (grasses) within the woodlands. As a result, regional fire severity declined and allowed tree populations to expand. Tree-ring data from the region show a peak in the recruitment of key Big Woods tree species during the AD 1930s drought and suggest that low regional moisture balance need not have been a limiting factor for forest expansion. The regional history, thus, demonstrates the types of counterintuitive ecosystem changes that may arise as climate changes in the future.
‘Being an ordinary kid’ – demands of everyday life when labelled with disability

Children who are labelled with disability resist being considered ‘different’. This study was initiated to investigate how some children experience being positioned as disabled and how they adapt to demands of everyday life, including at school. Based on an analysis of interviews completed with 15 Norwegian children aged 12–14 and their parents, this study concluded that the children talked about themselves from their preferred self-identity as ‘ordinary kids’. At the same time, they knew that being included in the broader community and being perceived as ‘ordinary’ required hard work. They were aware of, adapted to and supported certain social and academic norms in their environment and knew that other people's expectations of them were influenced by these norms. This study provides new insights into how children who are labelled with disability experience their situation and adapt to demands and expectations that they encounter in everyday life.