Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
H-band observations of the Chandra Deep Field South ?

We report results of our H-band survey of the Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS). The observations, made with SofI on the NTT, cover 0.027 square degrees to H < 20.5 and 0.17 square degrees to H < 19.8 (50% completeness limits). In total, 4819 objects were detected, of which 80% are galaxies based on the SExtractor parameter "stellarity index" having a value less than 0.5. Our astrometric solutions are in good agreement with those of the Las Campanas Infrared Survey (LCIRS), the COMBO-17, and the ESO-EIS surveys. Our photometry compares satisfactorily with the LCIRS results as well as with GOODS data. Galaxy number counts are50 000 galaxies per square degree at H< 20.75, in good agreement with those of LCIRS. The object catalog is published electronically at the CDS ?
How Institutions Form

This article uses a mid-century text to reengage a late-1970s concept to answer a new century question. The authors return to Alvin Gouldner’s classic (1954) study Patterns of Industrial Bureaucracy to reexamine the “coupling” concept in contemporary institutionalism in a way that engages the following question: How do new institutional forms emerge? Based on Gouldner’s detailed observations of work in a gypsum mine, the authors argue that coupling processes are key mechanisms in the emergence of institutional forms. Examining coupling as a dynamic process and activity helps us to understand how the institution of bureaucracy emerged in the gypsum mine and interacted with previous social orders of authority and control. Gouldner’s account of coupling at the mine is a story of formal and informal power struggles and active conflict over meaning, bringing the process of local institutional formation into sharp relief.
Written on the body: Deliberate self-harm as communication

The inability to manage distress would be problematic at any time; but it is especially problematic when distress is accompanied by (or made up of) feelings of rage, cruelty and self-hatred. I will argue here that people who self-harm are communicating rage and hostility to themselves and others in ways that often leave them frustrated and hopeless; and leave professional carers aghast. I will conclude with some ideas about psychological therapies that may help such people; drawing very much upon the work of colleagues in the forensic psychotherapy field: especially Anne Aiyegbusi (2004), Anna Motz (2008, 2009) and Estela Welldon (1992).
Thoracoscopic Repair of Esophageal Atresia and Tracheoesophageal Fistula: A Multi-Institutional Analysis

Objectives:For the past 60 years, successful repair of esophageal atresia (EA) and distal tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) has been performed via a thoracotomy. However, a number of reports have described adverse musculoskeletal sequelae following thoracotomy in infants and young children. Until now, only a few scattered case reports have detailed an individual surgeon's success with thoracoscopic repair of EA/TEF. This multi-institutional review represents the largest experience describing the results with this approach. Methods:A cohort of international pediatric surgeons from centers that perform advanced laparoscopic and thoracoscopic operations in infants and children retrospectively reviewed their data on primary thoracoscopic repair in 104 newborns with EA/TEF. Newborns with EA without a distal TEF or those with an isolated TEF without EA were excluded. Results:In these 104 patients, the mean age at operation was 1.2 days (±1.1), the mean weight was 2.6 kg (±0.5), the mean operative time was 129.9 minutes (±55.5), the mean days of mechanical ventilation were 3.6 (±5.8), and the mean days of total hospitalization were 18.1 (±18.6). Twelve (11.5%) infants developed an early leak or stricture at the anastomosis and 33 (31.7%) required esophageal dilatation at least once. Five operations (4.8%) were converted to an open thoracotomy and one was staged due to a long gap between the 2 esophageal segments. Twenty-five newborns (24.0%) later required a laparoscopic fundoplication. A recurrent fistula between the esophagus and trachea developed in 2 infants (1.9%). A number of other operations were required in these patients, including imperforate anus repair in 10 patients (7 high, 3 low), aortopexy (7), laparoscopic duodenal atresia repair (4), and various major cardiac operations (5). Three patients died, one related to the EA/TEF on the 20th postoperative day. Conclusions:The thoracoscopic repair of EA/TEF represents a natural evolution in the operative correction of this complicated congenital anomaly and can be safely performed by experienced endoscopic surgeons. The results presented are comparable to previous reports of babies undergoing repair through a thoracotomy. Based on the associated musculoskeletal problems following thoracotomy, there will likely be long-term benefits for babies with this anomaly undergoing the thoracoscopic repair.
Witness preparation and the prosecution of rape

In England and Wales, rape complainants currently receive little by way of pre-trial support and preparation. This stands in sharp contrast to prosecutorial practice in the USA where prosecutors meet with complainants prior to trial with the specific aim of preparing them for the unfamiliar process of testifying in criminal proceedings. This paper considers the case for adopting similar arrangements in rape cases in England and Wales. This is assessed primarily from an evidentiary perspective although due consideration is also given to the need to protect vulnerable complainants from the risk of secondary victimisation within the criminal trial process.
Deception and Computer-Mediated Communication in Daily Life

How common is deception in everyday communication, and what is the relationship between deception and media? This paper provides findings from two diary-based studies of deceptive communication using five different media, designed to help answer these questions. The findings show that 1) deception is common in every communication, accounting for 22% to 25% of social interactions, and 2) while there are differences in media use for everyday communication, the differences in lying behavior across media seem to be diminishing, compared to previous diary studies of everyday lying behavior.
Assessing Corpus Callosum Changes in Alzheimer's Disease: Comparison between Tract-Based Spatial Statistics and Atlas-Based Tractography

Tractography based on Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) represents a valuable tool for investigating brain white matter (WM) microstructure, allowing the computation of damage-related diffusion parameters such as Fractional Anisotropy (FA) in specific WM tracts. This technique appears relevant in the study of pathologies in which brain disconnection plays a major role, such as, for instance, Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Previous DTI studies have reported inconsistent results in defining WM abnormalities in AD and in its prodromal stage (i.e., amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment; aMCI), especially when investigating the corpus callosum (CC). A reason for these inconsistencies is the use of different processing techniques, which may strongly influence the results. The aim of the current study was to compare a novel atlas-based tractography approach, that sub-divides the CC in eight portions, with Tract-Based Spatial Statistics (TBSS) when used to detect specific patterns of CC FA in AD at different clinical stages. FA data were obtained from 76 subjects (37 with mild AD, 19 with aMCI and 20 elderly healthy controls, HC) and analyzed using both methods. Consistent results were obtained for the two methods, concerning the comparisons AD vs. HC (significantly reduced FA in the whole CC of AD patients) and AD vs. aMCI (significantly reduced FA in the frontal portions of the CC in AD patients), thus identifying a relative preservation of the frontal CC regions in aMCI patients compared to AD. Conversely, the atlas-based method but not the TBSS showed the ability to detect a selective FA change in the CC parietal, left temporal and occipital regions of aMCI patients compared to HC. This finding indicates that an analysis including a higher number of voxels (with no restriction to tract skeletons) may detect characteristic pattern of FA in the CC of patients with preclinical AD, when brain atrophy is still modest.
Compartmentalized Cyclic Adenosine 3′,5′-Monophosphate at the Plasma Membrane Clusters PDE3A and Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator into Microdomains

PDE3A functionally and physically interacts with CFTR. Inhibition of PDE3A generates compartmentalized cAMP, which further clusters PDE3A and CFTR into microdomains at the plasma membrane of epithelial cells and potentiates CFTR channel function. Our findings provide insights into the important role of PDE3A in compartmentalized cAMP signaling.
Using a Dual-Target Rapid Serial Visual Presentation Task (RSVP) as an Attention-Based Measurement Procedure of Sexual Preference: Is it Possible to Fake?

As faking threatens the validity of sexual preference measurements in forensic contexts, we investigated in an analogue study the fakeability of the dual-target Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP), an attention-based measurement procedure. In the dual-target RSVP, when observers attempt to detect two targets (T1 and T2) in a stream of stimuli presented in rapid succession, identification of T2 is impaired when it follows T1 within approximately 500 ms, a phenomenon called Attentional Blink (AB). Emotional stimuli result in an “emotion-induced blindness” or “attentional rubbernecking” effect: AB increases (detection of T2 decreases) when T1 is salient and decreases (detection of T2 íncreases) if T2 is salient or when participants are concurrently engaged in distracting mental activity. The participants were 9 gay men, 8 straight men, and 12 straight men with the last group instructed to fake their T2 responses assuming the expected response style of gay men when the T1 and T2 stimuli were pictures of nude and clothed men and women. We found differences in the reporting of both T1 and T2 between the gay men and the faking straight men as a function of the type of T1 resulting in good differentiation between the two groups (AUC = 0.78–0.92). The results suggest that the different patterns of reporting are in most explainable by a combination of the increase in cognitive load in the faking group and of the subtlety of the attentional effects of whether the stimuli were intrinsically of sexual interest to the participants. We conclude that the RSVP as an attention-based measurement procedure of sexual preference has a moderate resilience to faking. The generalizability of these findings to forensic contexts should be further explored.
Bolivia under Morales

Evo Morales assumed office in January 2006 with a resounding mandate from marginalized indigenous peoples to reinvent Bolivia. Five hundred years of colonial and republican rule, combined with 20 years of neoliberal economic policy in this poorly consolidated democracy, constrained his ability to reshape the country during his first term in office. Morales still faces the fundamental challenges of (1) national oligarchies, (2) limited administrative capacity, (3) rent seeking and institutionalized corruption, (4) social movements, and (5) transnational actors. Rather than being distinct, these challenges are overdetermined: the economic challenges of transforming an extractive economy are intertwined with the lack of government capacity that is the legacy of exclusionary social and political processes since the Spanish conquest. Armed with the firm political will embodied in the new constitution, he has consolidated his support, and this has allowed his government to begin its second administration in a better position than almost all its predecessors as it attempts to create a more equitable society.
Indications and results in anophthalmic socket reconstruction using dermis-fat graft

Objectives To present the indications for a dermis-fat graft in anophthalmic socket reconstruction and evaluate the results of this procedure. Design Retrospective review, interventional case series. Methods In our study, there were 41 patients who received either primary or secondary dermis-fat graft between August 1, 2007 and July 31, 2012 at Songklanagarind Hospital. Results The type of dermis-fat graft used in our study consisted of both primary dermis-fat grafts (6/41) and secondary dermis-fat grafts (35/41). The major indications for dermis-fat graft were exposure (13/41), extrusion (11/41), and volume insufficiency with a shallow fornix (10/41), which accounted for 82.9% of the total cases. A total of 30 patients were able to wear the eye prosthesis over a mean follow-up time of 32.3±19.0 months. The success rate of the dermis-fat graft alone was 73.3%, while that of the simultaneous dermis-fat graft and mucous-membrane graft was 25%. Conclusion The most common indications for a dermis-fat graft were extrusion and large exposure. Dermis-fat graft is an alternative implant type in complicated enucleation/evisceration patients, which has a good success rate.
The Induction of Low Nocturnal Secretion of Melatonin Caused by Reverse Feeding Rhythms Depends on Availability of Macronutrient Diets

Abstract The present study investigated the effect of single chow diet and two-way dietary choice between a protein-rich and a carbohydrate-rich diet ingested during free access or daytime access (08.00-16.00 h) on the rhythms of ingestion and on nocturnal levels of serum melatonin and pineal N-acetyltransferase activity in rats. Animals with free access to the single or the choice diets displayed a circadian rhythmicity of total food intake with peaks at the beginning, the middle and the end of the dark phase. Rats fed the dietary choice displayed a preference for carbohydrate at the beginning, and a preference for protein at the middle and the end of the dark phase. Under daytime feeding access, both dietary conditions resulted in only one peak of total intake at the beginning of the access period. Rats fed the choice diets on the daytime feeding schedule initially preferred carbohydrate to protein but this preference disappeared subsequently. Nocturnal peaks of serum melatonin and pineal NAT activity were lower with daytime access to dietary choice compared to ad libitum access. The results suggest that in a two-way selection of macronutrients, feeding cycle can directly act on the rhythms expressed within the pineal gland.
Understanding Global Cultures: Metaphorical Journeys Through 17 Countries

Preface An Image of Thailand PART ONE: INTRODUCTION Understanding Cultural Metaphors PART TWO: CULTURAL METAPHORS The Traditional British House The Italian Opera The German Symphony French Wine The Swedish Stuga The Russian Ballet Belgian Lace The Spanish Bullfight Irish Conversations The Turkish Coffeehouse The Israeli Kibbutzim and Moshavim The Nigerian Marketplace The Japanese Garden India The Dance of Shiva American Football PART THREE: Cluster of Countries The Chinese Family Altar The Metaphors in Perspective
Injured Identities: Pain, Politics and Documentary

Abstract This article explores the way marginalised identities in documentary frequently rely on a discourse of pain and injury when articulating social exclusion. Yet, as theorist Wendy Brown notes, claims made by and behalf of politicised identities can lead to a form of “self-subversion. ” In attempting to contest marginalisation identities can become attached to this subordination, as it exists as an increasingly defining point of identification. This article investigates Brown's notion of “wounded attachments” in regards to the efficacy of contemporary political documentary through two recent examples, Fix: The Story of an Addicted City (2002) by Canadian filmmaker Nettie Wild and Rize (2005) directed by David LaChappelle. It also extends the discussion of wounded attachments to account for the specific implications of a documentary address to the viewer that draws on an aesthetic of painful otherness.
Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation is associated with computer-based auditory training uptake, engagement, and adherence for people with hearing loss

Hearing aid intervention typically occurs after significant delay, or not at all, resulting in an unmet need for many people with hearing loss. Computer-based auditory training (CBAT) may provide generalized benefits to real-world listening, particularly in adverse listening conditions, and can be conveniently delivered in the home environment. Yet as with any intervention, adherence to CBAT is critical to its success. The main aim of this investigation was to explore motivations for uptake, engagement and adherence with home-delivered CBAT in a randomized controlled trial of adults with mild sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), with a view to informing future CBAT development. A secondary aim examined perceived benefits of CBAT. Participants (n = 44, 50–74 years olds with mild SNHL who did not have hearing aids) completed a 4-week program of phoneme discrimination CBAT at home. Participants' experiences of CBAT were captured using a post-training questionnaire (n = 44) and two focus groups (n = 5 per group). A mixed-methods approach examined participants' experiences with the intervention, the usability and desirability of the CBAT software, and participants' motivations for CBAT uptake, engagement and adherence. Self-Determination Theory (SDT) was used as a theoretical framework for the interpretation of results. Participants found the CBAT intervention easy to use, interesting and enjoyable. Initial participation in the study was associated with extrinsic motivation (e.g., hearing difficulties). Engagement and adherence with CBAT was influenced by intrinsic (e.g., a desire to achieve higher scores), and extrinsic (e.g., to help others with hearing loss) motivations. Perceived post-training benefits included better concentration and attention leading to improved listening. CBAT also prompted further help-seeking behaviors for some individuals. We see this as an important first-step for informing future theory-driven development of effective CBAT interventions.
Does Social Capital Act as a Buffer Against HIV Risk Among Migrant Men in Sub-Saharan Africa?

The 2007 World Bank data on HIV/AIDS for sub-Saharan Africa indicates that 22.5 million adults and children over 15 are living with HIV, including 1.7 million new infections. AIDS killed approximately 2.3 million people in the same year, making this region by far the worst affected by the HIV/AIDS epidemic. This paper proposes a macro-level model for understanding the spread of disease within the context of migration. We use social capital theory to generate a framework for exploring how migration might serve as a conduit for the disease transmission. Specifically, we investigated male migrants in the Republic of Angola and argued that a migrant laborer's movement away from his village diminishes his social capital in terms of social support, norms, and networks while stresses from migration could prove to be conducive to the spread of the HIV virus. We use univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses to explore the relationship between migration and HIV risk while considering social capital as the intervening factor. Social capital is conceptualized as a combination of social engagement, social support, and person-to-person contact. To this end, this study analyzes secondary data collected on a sample of migrants in Angola. Two hypotheses are tested: Migrants have lower social capital than nonmigrants and lower levels of social capital are related to higher risky behaviors. Results indicate that migrants have a lower level of social capital and migrants with lower social capital tended to have higher risky behavior.
Arrest trajectories of adult offenders with a serious mental illness

We examined patterns and correlates of arrest/re-arrests among offenders with a serious mental illness over a 4-year period. County criminal justice records and health and social service datasets were used to identify and describe inmates jailed in Pinellas County, Florida, between 7/03 and 6/04. A total of 3,769 participants (10.1% of arrestees) had a serious mental illness. Participants averaged 4.6 arrests (SD 3.9, median 4) and 150.6 days in jail (SD 175.0, median 90). Working from the trajectories of offending theory and literature we used latent class growth analysis to identify three classes of offenders with consistent numbers of arrests over a 4-year period and nearly parallel arrest trajectories; a sporadic arrest class (n 469) with minimal arrests, a low arrest chronic class (n 3,090, about one arrest/year); and a high arrest chronic class (n 210, about four arrests/year). Analysis of arrests by age group within each of the classes suggested that for the low and high arrest chronic classes arrest rates persist throughout adult life. In multinomial logistic regression, homelessness, a co-occurring substance abuse diagnosis, fewer mental health outpatient service contacts and more mental health emergency room/inpatient contacts were associated with being in a class with more arrests. Arrests among offenders with a serious mental illness appear to be unusually high, to be firmly established in late adolescence and to persist over time. Successful strategies to reduce the arrest rates of this population must address the needs of these offenders early in their criminal careers.
Association between reduced cuff leak volume and postextubation stridor.

STUDY OBJECTIVE Laryngotracheal injury or edema in the setting of intubation may narrow the upper airway and predispose toward postextubation stridor. The presence or absence of an audible airleak when the sealing balloon cuff of the endotracheal tube is deflated has been demonstrated to be a marker of laryngotracheal edema in high-risk patients. We hypothesized that (1) the volume of the cuff leak can be quantified in a general medical ICU population, and (2) the cuff leak volume can be correlated with likelihood of postextubation stridor. METHODS Within 24 h of both the initiation and termination of mechanical ventilation, the cuff leak volume, defined as the difference between the inspiratory tidal volume and the averaged expiratory tidal volume while the cuff around the endotracheal tube was deflated, was recorded. RESULTS In 100 consecutive intubations, the preextubation cuff leak volume was 349 +/- 163 mL [mean +/- SD]). Overall, 6% of extubations were accompanied by postextubation stridor. The mean cuff leak volume measured within 24 h of planned extubation was significantly lower in those who subsequently developed stridor in comparison to those who did not (180 +/- 157 mL vs 360 +/- 157 mL; p = 0.012). The positive predictive value for postextubation stridor in the setting of a cuff leak less than 110 mL was 0.80, the predictive value for absence of postextubation stridor with a cuff leak volume greater than 110 mL was 0.98, and the specificity of the test was 0.99. No other demographic factors or indexes related to mechanical ventilation were significantly different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS A reduced cuff leak volume prior to extubation identifies a population at increased risk for postextubation stridor.
A method for linking process-level variability to system performances

In this paper we present a statistical analysis method which bridges the statistical information between process-level and system-level. This enables us to evaluate the effect of process variation at the system level. Also, we can derive constraints on the process variation from a performance requirement. We show an example of the hierarchical statistical analysis applied to a Phase Locked Loop (PLL) circuit.