Understanding Terrorism: Groups, Strategies, and Responses

List of Tables. List of Figures. Preface. Acknowledgements. 1. Concepts of Terror and Terrorism. Chapter Objectives. Introduction. Definitional Problems and Terrorism. Morality of Terrorism. Definitions of Terrorism. Terrorist Apologies. Terrorist Atrocities. Purpose of Terrorism. Conclusions. Key Terms. Review Questions. Websites. Endnotes. 2. Historical Antecedents of Terrorism and Violence. Chapter Objectives. Introduction. Sicarii and Zealots. The Assassins and Other Secret Societies. Narodnaya Volya. The Anarchist Tradition. Terrorism in the United States. Puerto Rican Independence. The Jewish Defense League (JDL). The Ideological Left. The Ideological Right. Single Issue Terrorist. Conclusions. Key Terms. Review Questions. Websites. Endnotes. 3. Violence and Terrorism: The Role of the Mass Media. Chapter Objectives. Introduction. Contagion Theory or the Copycat Syndrome. Propaganda Value and the "Deed. " United States. Law Enforcement. Censorship and Terrorism. Conclusions. Key Terms. Review Questions. Websites. Endnotes. 4. The Palestine Question and al Qaeda. Chapter Objectives. Introduction. Palestine Resistance Movement. Palestinian Extremism and the 1973 War. Rejectionist Front: Historical Preview. Invasion of Lebanon. Hizballah. Palestinian Authority. HAMAS and Islamic Jihad. Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigades. Al Qaeda. Conclusions. Key Terms. Review Questions. Websites. Endnotes. 5. Designated Foreign Terrorist Organizations: The "A" List. Chapter Objectives. Introduction. Palestinian Groups. The Philippines and Southeast Asia. Algerian Groups. Religious Cults. European Groups. Colombia. Peru. Central Asia. Iran. Conclusions. Key Terms. Review Questions. Websites. Endnotes. 6. The Dynamics of Hostage Taking and Negotiation. Chapter Objectives. Introduction. Early History of Hostage Taking. Typologies of Hostage Takers. Time, Trust, and the Stockholm Syndrome. London Syndrome. Guidelines for Hostage Events. U.S. Experience: Hostage Rescue. The Good Guys. Other Rescue Attempts. Surviving Hostage Situations. Conclusions. Key Terms. Review Questions. Websites. Endnotes. 7. Contemporary Terrorism and Bombing. Chapter Objectives. Introduction. Historical Perspective. Effects of an Explosion. Velocity and Explosives. Vehicle Bombs. Letter Bombs. Bombings Aboard Aircraft. Conclusions. Key Terms. Review Questions. Websites. Endnotes. 8. Suicide Bombers: A Global Problem. Chapter Objectives. Introduction. Defining the Problem. Suicide Bombers in the Mideast. The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). Sikh Terrorism. Kashmiri Suicide Bombers. Kurdish Suicide Bombers: The PKK. Al Qaeda. Chechen Suicide Bombers. Other Suicidal Terrorist Groups. Summary. Conclusions. Key Terms. Review Questions. Websites. Endnotes. 9. Counterterrorist Measures: The Response. Chapter Objectives. Introduction. Security Measures. Intelligence Function. Counterterrorism Operations: Retaliation and Preemption. Covert Military Operations: Proactive Measures. Counterterrorist Operations: Reactive Measures. Special Operations. National Guard. HRT and NEST. Chemical and Biological Terrorism. United Kingdom and Israel. Legal Framework: Apprehension, Prosecution, and Punishment. Conclusions. Key Terms. Review Questions. Websites. Endnotes. 10. Future of Terrorism. Chapter Objectives. Introduction. Israel versus Palestinian Resistance Movement. Islamic Extremism. Low-Intensity Warfare. Super Terrorism. Influence of Terrorism on Democracy. Key Terms. Review Questions. Websites. Endnotes. Appendix A: Map References. Appendix B: Glossary of Terms. Index.