Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Regulation of Cloned Cardiac L-type Calcium Channels by cGMP-dependent Protein Kinase*

We have studied the effect of 8-bromo-cyclic GMP (8-Br-cGMP) on cloned cardiac l-type calcium channel currents to determine the site and mechanism of action underlying the functional effect. Rabbit cardiac α1C subunit, in the presence or absence of β1 subunit (rabbit skeletal muscle) or β2 subunit (rat cardiac/brain), was expressed in Xenopus oocytes, and two-electrode voltage-clamp recordings were made 2 or 3 days later. Application of 8-Br-cGMP caused decreases in calcium channel currents in cells expressing the α1C subunit, whether or not a β subunit was co-expressed. No inhibition of currents by 8-Br-cGMP was observed in the presence of the protein kinase G inhibitor KT5823. Substitutions of serine residues by alanine were made at residues Ser533 and Ser1371 on the α1C subunit. As for wild type, the mutant S1371A exhibited inhibition of calcium channel currents by 8-Br-cGMP, whereas no effect of 8-Br-cGMP was observed for mutant S533A. Inhibition of calcium currents by 8-Br-cGMP was also observed in the additional presence of the α2δ subunit for wild type channels but not for the mutant S533A. These results indicate that cGMP causes inhibition of l-type calcium channel currents by phosphorylation of the α1C subunit at position Ser533 via the action of protein kinase G.
Design and analysis of a microwave band reject filter using a double magic tee

This paper presents the implementation of a band reject microwave filter at X-band (8 GHz-12.4 GHz). The design is supported by necessary theory. The calculated filter response resembles the experimental frequency response of the band reject filter (BRF). Typical centre frequency of operation of this BRF is 10 GHz and it has a flat bandwidth of 250 MHz. The band reject filter is tunable. It can be tuned by varying the length of the sliding short.
A Paradoxical Effect of Systemic IL-23 in EAE – Limitation of Autoimmune Inflammatory Demyelination

The heterodimeric cytokine IL-23 plays a non-redundant function in the development of cell-mediated, organ- specific autoimmune diseases such as experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). To further characterize the mechanisms of action of IL-23 in autoimmune inflammation, we administered IL-23 systemically at different time points during both relapsing and chronic EAE. Surprisingly, we found suppression of disease in all treatment protocols. We ob- served a reduction in the number of activated macrophages and microglia in the CNS, while T cell infiltration was not significantly affected. Disease suppression correlated with reduced expansion of myelin-reactive T cells, loss of T-bet ex- pression, loss of lymphoid structures, and increased production of IL-6 and IL-4. Here we describe an unexpected func- tion of exogenous IL-23 in limiting the scope and extent of organ-specific autoimmunity.
A survey of parallel computer architectures

An attempt is made to place recent architectural innovations in the broader context of parallel architecture development by surveying the fundamentals of both newer and more established parallel computer architectures and by placing these architectural alternatives in a coherent framework. The primary emphasis is on architectural constructs rather than specific parallel machines. Three categories of architecture are defined and discussed: synchronous architectures, comprising vector, SIMD (single-instruction-stream, multiple-data-stream) and systolic machines; MIMD (multiple-instruction-stream, multiple-data-stream) with either distributed or shared memory; and MIMD-based paradigms, comprising MIMD/SIMD hybrid, dataflow, reduction, and wavefront types. <<ETX>>
Variability of Accretion Disks Surrounding Black Holes ----- the Role of Inertial-Acoustic Mode Instabilities

The global nonlinear time-dependent evolution of the inertial-acoustic mode instability in accretion disks surrounding black holes has been investigated. The viscous stress is assumed to be proportional to the gas pressure only, i.e.\,, $\tau = - \alpha p_g$. It is found that an oscillatory instability exists in the inner regions of disks ($r < 10 r_g$, where $r_g$ is the Schwarzschild radius) for sufficiently large $\alpha$ ($\gapprox 0.2$), and for mass accretion rates less than about 0.3 times the Eddington value. The variations of the integrated bolometric luminosity from the disk, $\Delta L/L$, are less than 3\%. A power spectrum analysis of these variations reveals a power spectrum which can be fit to a power law function of the frequency $P \propto f^{-\gamma}$, with index $\gamma \sim 1.4-2.3$ and a low frequency feature at about 4 Hz in one case. In addition, a narrow peak centered at a frequency corresponding to the maximum epicyclic frequency of the disk at $\sim 100-130$ Hz and its first harmonic is also seen. The low frequency modulations are remarkably similar to those observed in black hole candidate systems. The possible existence of a scattering corona in the inner region of the disk and/or to other processes contributing to the power at high frequencies in the inner region of the accretion disk may make the detection of the high frequency component difficult.
Q fever pneumonia in French Guiana: prevalence, risk factors, and prognostic score.

BACKGROUND Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the major manifestation of Q fever, an emerging disease in French Guiana. Consequently, the empirical antibiotherapy used for the treatment of CAP combines doxycycline and the recommended amoxicillin. Our objectives were to estimate the prevalence of Q fever pneumonia and to build a prediction rule to identify patients with Q fever pneumonia for empirical antibiotic guidance. METHODS A retrospective case-control study was conducted on inpatients admitted with CAP in the Department of Infectious Diseases of Cayenne Hospital from 2004 to 2007. Serodiagnosis for Coxiella burnetii was performed for all patients. Risk factor analysis was performed using multivariate logistic regression, and a prognostic score was computed using bootstrap procedures. The score performance characteristics were used to choose the best prediction rule to identify patients with Q fever pneumonia. RESULTS One hundred thirty-one patients with CAP were included and the Q fever pneumonia prevalence was 24.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 17.1-31.9). In multivariate analysis, male sex, middle age (age, 30-60 years), headache, leukocyte count <10 × 10(9)/L and C-reactive protein level >185 mg/L were independently associated with Q fever pneumonia. Patients with a predictive score ≤3 had a low risk of Q fever pneumonia with a negative predictive value of 0.97 (95% CI, .90-1) and a sensitivity of 0.97 (95% CI, .89-1). CONCLUSIONS The prediction rule described here accurately identifies patients with low risk of Q fever pneumonia and may help physicians to make more rational decisions about the empirical use of antibiotherapy. Further prospective studies should be performed to validate this score.
Power control and rate management for wireless multimedia CDMA systems

We consider a wireless multimedia code-division multiple-access system, in which the terminals transmit at different rates. We formulate the problem as a constrained optimization problem, with the objective of maximizing the total effective rate. An optimal power control strategy is derived. When the scale of the system is large, the optimal solution takes a simple form, which is easy to be applied practically. Furthermore, our basic model can be extended to include delay-sensitive traffic.
The pathophysiology of myocardial ischaemia

Myocardial ischaemia is responsible for angina, unstable angina, and, less commonly, shortness of breath secondary to ischaemic left ventricular dysfunction (angina equivalent) as well as cardiac arrhythmias. This article will deal with the mechanisms of myocardial ischaemia likely to be encountered in patients presenting with the chronic coronary insufficiency and stable symptoms of angina. It will not deal with the vessel wall based mechanisms of unstable or acute coronary syndromes which are covered elsewhere in this series. The undergraduate, see-saw diagram showing the perfect match between myocardial oxygen consumption (MVo2) and oxygen delivery to the myocardium remains at the core of our understanding of myocardial ischaemia. Changes in MVo2, because of their relation to symptomatology and the rather more tractable nature of this parameter experimentally, have been concentrated on as a mechanism explaining myocardial ischaemia. However, not only is it plausible that changes in oxygen delivery influence the process of myocardial ischaemia, but to explain the day to day symptoms of patients with angina, changes in both MVo2 and oxygen delivery together or separately must occur. Accordingly, an understanding of the mechanisms involved in regulating both of these parameters is important. MVo2 is determined in large part by the parameters shown in table 1.1 Some of these, on a daily basis, remain relatively fixed (for example, myocardial mass), but it is the change in myocardial workload that is the most obvious when talking to patients who give a clear story of a relation (though not precise generally) between their symptoms and exercise. Experimentally myocardial work has required instrumentation for its quantification, however, the systolic blood pressure · heart rate double-product has been demonstrated to be a useful surrogate2 and is of clinical utility. These two component parameters are useful, …
Comparison of Organic and Integrated Nutrient Management Strategies for Reducing Soil N 2 O Emissions

To prevent nutrient limitations to crop growth, nitrogen is often applied in agricultural systems in the form of organic inputs (e.g., crop residues, manure, compost, etc.) or inorganic fertilizer. Inorganic nitrogen fertilizer has large environmental and economic costs, particularly for low-input smallholder farming systems. The concept of combining organic, inorganic, and biological nutrient sources through Integrated Nutrient Management (INM) is increasingly promoted as a means of improving nutrient use efficiency by matching soil nutrient availability with crop demand. While the majority of previous research on INM has focused on soil quality and yield, potential climate change impacts have rarely been assessed. In particular, it remains unclear whether INM increases or decreases soil nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions compared to organic nitrogen inputs, which may represent an overlooked environmental tradeoff. The objectives of this review were to (i) summarize the mechanisms influencing N 2 O emissions in response to organic and inorganic nitrogen (N) fertilizer sources, (ii) synthesize findings from the limited number of field experiments that have directly compared N 2 O emissions for organic N inputs vs. INM treatments, (iii) develop a hypothesis for conditions under which INM reduces N 2 O emissions and (iv) identify key knowledge gaps to address in future research. In general, INM treatments having low carbon to nitrogen ratio C:N (<8) tended to reduce emissions compared to organic amendments alone, while INM treatments with higher C:N resulted in no change or increased N 2 O emissions.
Kedudukan Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) pada Sekolah Dasar

Indonesia Pendahuluan: Tulisan ini merupakan hasil analisa tentang pentingnya pelajaran IPS pada usia sekolah terutama pada pendidikan dasar. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kajian pustaka dengan cara menelusuri berbagai sumber referensi secara kritis untuk mendapatkan data yang benar dalam menjelaskan topik pembahasan. Hasil: Pembelajaran IPS merupakan pelajaran yang berdiri sendiri dan sejajar dengan pelajaran lain. Anggapan sebagian orang terhadap mata pelajaran IPS sebagai mata pelajaran yang mudah dan tidak terlalu penting tidak dapat diterima. , Karena anggapan ini tidak sesuai dengan pentingnya tujuan mata pelajaran IPS untuk mewujudkan masyarakat yang cerdas yang mampu mengambil keputusan rasional sebagai warga masyarakat yang beraneka budaya. Pelajaran IPS di pendidikan dasar tentu menjadi hal yang sangat penting bagi individu dalam menjalani hidup bermasyarakat, peran guru yang optimal dalam pembelajaran ini tentu sangat diperlukan. Sehingga dapat terwujud masyarakat yang beradab dengan mendasarkan pada nilai-nilai kehidupan. English Introduction: This paper is a analysis of the importance of social studies at school, especially in basic education. Methods: This study used literature review by tracking various reference to get the data valid and reliable. Result: Social studies is a stand-alone lessons and align with other lesson. Assumption of somebody saying that social studies lesson is not too important can be not accepted. because the assumption is not relevant with the purpose of social studies lesson to realize intelligent people who were able to make rational decisions as citizens of diverse cultures. Social studies in elementary education would be very important for the individual to live a social life. The optimal role of the teacher in this lesson is certainly very necessary. To enable the creation of a civilized society by basing on the values of life.
A comparison of linaclotide and lubiprostone dosing regimens on ion transport responses in human colonic mucosa

Linaclotide, a synthetic guanylyl cyclase C (GC‐C) agonist, and the prostone analog, Lubiprostone, are approved to manage chronic idiopathic constipation and constipation‐predominant irritable bowel syndrome. Lubiprostone also protects intestinal mucosal barrier function in ischemia. GC‐C signaling regulates local fluid balance and other components of intestinal mucosal homeostasis including epithelial barrier function. The aim of this study was to compare if select dosing regimens differentially affect linaclotide and lubiprostone modulation of ion transport and barrier properties of normal human colonic mucosa. Normal sigmoid colon biopsies from healthy subjects were mounted in Ussing chambers. Tissues were treated with linaclotide, lubiprostone, or vehicle to determine effects on short‐circuit current (Isc). Subsequent Isc responses to the cAMP agonist, forskolin, and the calcium agonist, carbachol, were also measured to assess if either drug caused desensitization. Barrier properties were assessed by measuring transepithelial electrical resistance. Isc responses to linaclotide and lubiprostone were significantly higher than vehicle control when administered bilaterally or to the mucosal side only. Single versus cumulative concentrations of linaclotide showed differences in efficacy while cumulative but not single dosing caused desensitization to forskolin. Lubiprostone reduced forskolin responses under all conditions. Linaclotide and lubiprostone exerted a positive effect on TER that was dependent on the dosing regimen. Linaclotide and lubiprostone increase ion transport responses across normal human colon but linaclotide displays increased sensitivity to the dosing regimen used. These findings may have implications for dosing protocols of these agents in patients with constipation.
Parental Grief after Infant Loss: Grief as a Normative Practice

In this paper I present three ideal typical grief articulations drawn from three historical periods: 1) Grief as a moral practice in Ancient Greek virtue ethics, 2) Grief as an expression of an inner, authentic morality in the Romantic era, and, 3) Grief as a psychologized and increasingly pathologized phenomenon in modern psychology up to the present attempts to include separate diagnoses for pathological grief in the diagnostic manuals for mental disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 2013; World Health Organization, 2016). The purpose of this presentation is to shed light on current taken for granted notions of grief, and, by providing some historical background, challenge prevailing understandings that depict grief as an ahistorical, universal, intra-psychological and (potentially) medical condition that is analytically separate from historical, social, cultural and religious practices. Informed by a cultural psychological outlook (Brinkmann, 2016; Valsiner, 2014), I argue that the relationship between grieving individuals and their cultures is dialectical, mutually constituting and inherently normative, and hence, that the diagnostic approach to grief as an individual, causal reaction to loss is flawed. On this background, I argue that an acknowledgement of the inherent normativity of grief (as presented by the historical accounts) can potentially inform and enrich contemporary understandings and practices related to bereavement, ultimately to the benefit of people who suffer from grief.
Important Genes in the Pathogenesis of 5q- Syndrome and Their Connection with Ribosomal Stress and the Innate Immune System Pathway

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) with interstitial deletion of a segment of the long arm of chromosome 5q [del(5q)] is characterized by bone marrow erythroid hyperplasia, atypical megakaryocytes, thrombocythemia, refractory anemia, and low risk of progression to acute myeloid leukemia (AML) compared with other types of MDS. The long arm of chromosome 5 contains two distinct commonly deleted regions (CDRs). The more distal CDR lies in 5q33.1 and contains 40 protein-coding genes and genes coding microRNAs (miR-143, miR-145). In 5q-syndrome one allele is deleted that accounts for haploinsufficiency of these genes. The mechanism of erythroid failure appears to involve the decreased expression of the ribosomal protein S14 (RPS14) gene and the upregulation of the p53 pathway by ribosomal stress. Friend leukemia virus integration 1 (Fli1) is one of the target genes of miR145. Increased Fli1 expression enables effective megakaryopoiesis in 5q-syndrome.
Prevalence of antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and dyslipidemic prescription medication use among children and adolescents.

OBJECTIVE To document trends in the use of prescription medications indicated for types 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia among children and adolescents. DESIGN Serial, cross-sectional study. SETTING Age-eligible children and adolescents with prescription drug benefits managed by CVS Caremark, a pharmacy benefits manager. PARTICIPANTS Commercially insured US children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years. Population size varied by month from approximately 5.3 million to 6 million individuals. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Monthly prevalence of prescription drug use, measured from September 1, 2004, through June 30, 2007. RESULTS The 1-month prevalence of antihypertensive, dyslipidemic, or oral antidiabetic medication or insulin use increased 15.2% from 3.3 per 1000 youths in November 2004 to 3.8 per 1000 youths in June 2007. The 16- to 18-year-olds had the highest prevalence overall, but the greatest rate of increase was found among 6- to 11-year-olds: 18.7% for girls and 17.3% for boys. Among antihypertensive medications, beta-blockers had the highest prevalence (1.5 per 1000 youths), followed by angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, diuretics, calcium channel blockers, and angiotensin II receptor blockers. For 6- to 11-year-olds, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor use increased 27.7% among girls and 25.2% among boys. Dyslipidemia therapy, which was dominated by statin use, declined 22.9%. CONCLUSIONS The increasing use of oral antidiabetic and antihypertensive pharmacotherapy among children and adolescents, especially in the younger age group, indicates either an increased awareness of treatment needs or increased incidence of cardiovascular risk factors typically associated with adult populations. The decrease in treatment of dyslipidemia may reflect the ongoing controversy regarding statin use.
Arginase, Prostaglandins, and Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Renal Cell Carcinoma

Tumor-induced tolerance is a well-established phenomenon in cancer patients that can severely impair the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy. One mechanism leading to T-cell tolerance is the generation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) by soluble factors produced by the tumor. MDSC express CD11b+ as a common marker but may vary in their stage of maturation, depending on the tumor factors being produced. Arginase production by MDSC depletes arginine from the tumor microenvironment and impairs T-cell signal transduction and function. We studied whether an increase in MDSC could explain the molecular alterations and dysfunction found in T cells of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Arginase activity in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 117 RCC patients was increased between 6- to 8-fold compared with normal controls. The increased arginase activity was limited to the CD11b+CD14− myeloid cells and resulted in significantly decreased serum levels of arginine and increased ornithine in patients. Depletion of MDSC restored IFN-γ production and T-cell proliferation. Preliminary data suggest that prostaglandin E2 produced by the tumor induces arginase I expression in MDSC. Therefore, blocking MDSC activity may enhance the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy in RCC.
Radiofrequency Heat Ablation and Vertebroplasty in the treatment of neoplastic vertebral body fractures.

BACKGROUND Metastatic cancer is the most common malignant disease of the skeletal system. Traditionally, conventional fractionated external beam radiotherapy has been the treatment of choice. Recently, minimally invasive surgical techniques (MISS) have been added to the therapeutic armamentarium. The purpose of our study was to assess the effectiveness and safety of Radiofrequency Heat Ablation and Vertebroplasty in the treatment of neoplastic Vertebral Compressive Fractures (VCF). The aim of radiofrequency heat ablation is to destroy the tumor tissue before stabilizing the vertebra through the intrasomatic injection of cement. PATIENTS AND METHODS We treated patients with unremitting pain over spine, in absence of symptomatic spinal cord or roots compression and refractory to conventional therapeutic options such as radiation therapy, chemotherapy, surgery and use of analgesics. RESULTS The method demonstrated swift pain relief associated with an evident augmentation in the weight-bearing resistance. CONCLUSION The association of Radiofrequency Heat Ablation and Vertebroplasty is an effective, simple and safe treatment of vertebral collapse consequent to metastases.