Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Experimental cost reduction in Modern Manufacturing Industries through Software based Mechatronics System: An overview

— Nowadays, the changing demand patters by the customers are increasing the pressure on the manufacturers. In this situation, manufacturers to sustain in the market are forced to do the activities like (i) Increase the selling price of their product and (ii) Reduce their internal costs of their product. In this scenario, it is not possible to increase the selling price of the products. The only way is to reduce their internal costs and improve the quality of the products to survive in their field. This paper suggests a methodology to develop and implement software based mechatronics systems in their factory premises for taking necessary steps to reduce the experimental cost, internal cost and improve the efficiency of the organization. The software based mechatronics approach is used to predict and analyze the relevant data pertaining to the selected problems. The usefulness of this approach is not only applicable for pump manufacturing industries but also various industrial segments, which would enable to cater the current and future customer demanding needs.
Articaine versus lidocaine for third molar surgery: A randomized clinical study

Objective: Pain reduction has been the subject of continuous research in the field of oral and maxillofacial surgery since postoperative pain with ranging of intensity and duration may affects the patient submitted in an oral surgical procedure. The aim of present study was to compare the analgesic effectiveness between two different anesthetic solutions (articaine and lidocaine) in third molar surgery. Study Design: A prospective, randomized and clinical study with patients submitted to third molar surgery at two distinct times. The visual analogue scale, the McGill Pain Questionnaire and the analgesic consumption record were used to measure the pain after each surgical time. Results: Duration of surgery, latency, the amount of anesthetic used and analgesic consumption showed clinical differences with highlights of articaine, though statistical significance was not observed (P<0.05). The pain scores indicated similar anesthetic efficacy with both solutions. Conclusion: In the present study no significant differences were observed between lidocaine and articaine in the control of postoperative pain. Key words: Articaine, lidocaine, pain control, lower third molar.
Supporting Communication in Time of Disaster

It was found that at the disaster-hit area, communication supporting systems using the existing mobile ad hoc network technique could not function as expected, and a communication process between two end users would be interrupted from time to time. This is because existing techniques have not taken into consideration the sleep operation of mobile users, which is a very common and frequently-used means for them to save their battery consumption. This paper proposes a routing-based approach to solving this problem. For the proposed approach, power management application and routing protocol are incorporated so that mobile users can help each other by technical means to maintain the network accessible. This approach has been demonstrated to be effective by simulation experiments.
Effects of the Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonist Losartan on 24‐Hour Blood Pressure Profiles of Primary and Secondary Hypertensive Rats

Primary and secondary hypertension differ with regard to circadian blood pressure (BP) profiles. To evaluate the contribution of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) to circadian BP regulation, we studied cardiovascular effects of the angiotensin II (AII) receptor antagonist losartan and the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor enalapril in animal models of primary and secondary hypertension after morning and evening dosing. Systolic/diastolic BP (SBP/DBP) and heart rate (HR) were measured telemetrically in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and transgenic hypertensive rats (TGR[mRen-2]27). Losartan (0.3 to 30 mg/kg) or enalapril maleate (10 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) either at 0700 or 1900 h. Baseline SBP/DBP and HR showed significant circadian rhythmicity in both strains. The 24-h means in SBP/DBP were 190/127 mm Hg in SHR and 200/139 mm Hg in TGR. TGR showed a reversed circadian profile in BP, with peaks occurring during the daily resting period, whereas HR peaked at night. Losartan reduced BP dose dependently; reductions in TGR were significantly greater and obtained at 30-fold lower doses than in SHR. Maximum decreases induced by losartan were similar to those induced with enalapril 10 mg/kg. Both drugs reduced BP in TGR more effectively when applied at 0700 than at 1900 h, resulting in a normalized circadian BP profile. Our results demonstrate that the RAS is involved in both the pathomechanism of hypertension and in the inverse circadian BP pressure pattern in TGR.
Air Pollution Health Risks: Do Class and Race Matter?

Air pollution is not spread evenly across demographic groups. Exposures and associated health risks appear to fall disproportionately on populations that are poor and nonwhite. Although scientific evidence documenting disparities in air pollution exposures, doses, and health effects is scant, the available data strongly support the contention that disadvantaged groups, many of whom are ethnic and racial minorities, routinely encounter levels of air pollution that are higher than average. The extent to which exposure differentials contribute to observed differences in health status by class and race is unknown, but worthy of further investigation. We recommend several steps, all of them feasible and most of them relatively inexpensive, to improve our understanding and ability to address environmental health disparities.
Towards characterizing user interaction with progressively transmitted 3D meshes

We collected traces of how 37 users interacted with 9 progressively streamed and rendered 3D meshes. We analyze the traces and discuss the insights that we learned in relation to design of efficient and scalable progressive mesh streaming systems. Our traces indicate that user actions are predictable and exhibit skewed access pattern. This finding could lead to design of efficient pre-fetching and caching techniques for progressive mesh streaming.
The use of fluoroquinolones in gonorrhoea: the increasing problem of resistance

The recent re-emergence of gonorrhoea in developed countries has been accompanied by the rise and spread of gonococcal resistance to the fluoroquinolones. In the 1980s fluoroquinolones were considered an important addition to the arsenal of agents used to treat gonorrhoea. They proved to be excellent drugs for this indication, including infections caused by penicillinase-producing and tetracycline-resistant strains of Neisseria gonorrhoeae. However, as gonococci have a well-recognised potential to develop resistance to antibiotics, the first reports of reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones appeared a few years after their introduction. Gonococcal resistance to fluoroquinolones is now well-established in the Far East, from where it has spread to Australia, Hawaii, California and Europe. In Africa and Latin America, gonococci continue to be susceptible to fluoroquinolones.
Critical Success and Failure Factors of Entrepreneurial Organizations: Study of SMEs in Bahawalpur

Purpose of this research paper is to highlight those critical failure and success factors in SMEs of Bahawalpur. Models were developed from different studies. Finally results are generalized to SMEs of Bahawalpur. Findings suggest that customer service, know-how of the business and the past experience of the manager are the main key factors of success. Whereas different failure factors are explored out in which most crucial ones considered are lack of access to financial capital, inappropriate government structure and poor infrastructure as well as corruption. This paper has the vast implications for the SMEs in Pakistan and SMEs in Bahawalpur as it give insight into the reasoning factors of failure and success. Thus helps to identify failure and give guidance to success. Research is limited to small scale due to time constraint and resistive behavior of organizations.
Scene-Selective Cortical Regions in Human and Nonhuman Primates

fMRI studies have revealed three scene-selective regions in human visual cortex [the parahippocampal place area (PPA), transverse occipital sulcus (TOS), and retrosplenial cortex (RSC)], which have been linked to higher-order functions such as navigation, scene perception/recognition, and contextual association. Here, we document corresponding (presumptively homologous) scene-selective regions in the awake macaque monkey, based on direct comparison to human maps, using identical stimuli and largely overlapping fMRI procedures. In humans, our results showed that the three scene-selective regions are centered near—but distinct from—the gyri/sulci for which they were originally named. In addition, all these regions are located within or adjacent to known retinotopic areas. Human RSC and PPA are located adjacent to the peripheral representation of primary and secondary visual cortex, respectively. Human TOS is located immediately anterior/ventral to retinotopic area V3A, within retinotopic regions LO-1, V3B, and/or V7. Mirroring the arrangement of human regions fusiform face area (FFA) and PPA (which are adjacent to each other in cortex), the presumptive monkey homolog of human PPA is located adjacent to the monkey homolog of human FFA, near the posterior superior temporal sulcus. Monkey TOS includes the region predicted from the human maps (macaque V4d), extending into retinotopically defined V3A. A possible monkey homolog of human RSC lies in the medial bank, near peripheral V1. Overall, our findings suggest a homologous neural architecture for scene-selective regions in visual cortex of humans and nonhuman primates, analogous to the face-selective regions demonstrated earlier in these two species.
Factors Associated With High Sodium Intake Based on Estimated 24-Hour Urinary Sodium Excretion

AbstractAlthough reducing dietary salt consumption is the most cost-effective strategy for preventing progression of cardiovascular and renal disease, policy-based approaches to monitor sodium intake accurately and the understanding factors associated with excessive sodium intake for the improvement of public health are lacking.We investigated factors associated with high sodium intake based on the estimated 24-hour urinary sodium excretion, using data from the 2009 to 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Among 21,199 adults (≥19 years of age) who participated in the 2009 to 2011 KNHANES, 18,000 participants (weighted n = 33,969,783) who completed urinary sodium and creatinine evaluations were analyzed in this study. The 24-hour urinary sodium excretion was estimated using Tanaka equation.The mean estimated 24-hour urinary sodium excretion level was 4349 (4286–4413) mg per day. Only 18.5% (weighted n = 6,298,481/3,396,973, unweighted n = 2898/18,000) of the study participants consumed less the 2000 mg sodium per day. Female gender (P < 0.001), older age (P < 0.001), total energy intake ≥50 percentile (P < 0.005), and obesity (P < 0.001) were associated with high sodium intake, even after adjusting for potential confounders. Senior high school/college graduation in education and managers/professionals in occupation were associated with lower sodium intake (P < 0.001). According to hypertension management status, those who had hypertension without medication consumed more sodium than those who were normotensive. However, those who receiving treatment for hypertension consumed less sodium than those who were normotensive (P < 0.001). The number of family members, household income, and alcohol drinking did not affect 24-hour urinary sodium excretion. The logistic regression analysis for the highest estimated 24-hour urinary sodium excretion quartile (>6033 mg/day) using the abovementioned variables as covariates yielded identical results.Our data suggest that age, sex, education level, occupation, total energy intake, obesity, and hypertension management status are associated with excessive sodium intake in Korean adults using nationally representative data. Factors associated with high sodium intake should be considered in policy-based interventions to reduce dietary salt consumption and prevent cardiovascular disease as a public health target.
A model of glottal flow incorporating viscous-inviscid interaction

A model of flow passing through the glottis is presented by employing the boundary-layer assumption. A thin boundary layer near the glottal wall influences the flow behavior in terms of the flow separation, jet formation, and pressure distribution along the channel. The integral momentum relation has been developed to analyze the boundary layer accurately, and it can be solved numerically for the given core flow velocity on the basis of the similarity of velocity profiles. On the other hand, boundary layer reduces the effective size of the channel and increases the flow velocity. Therefore, the boundary-layer problem entails viscous-inviscid interaction inherently. To investigate the process of voice production, this paper presents a method to solve the boundary-layer problem including such interaction. Experiments show that the method is useful for predicting the flow rate, pressure distribution, and other properties when the glottal configuration and subglottal pressure are specified as the phonation condition.
Phonological and Articulatory Characteristics of Spoken Language

Speaking may be our most impressive motor skill. We speak rapidly, and production of each word involves intricate sequencing and temporal interleaving of gestures for the component, ordered consonants and vowels of the word. The problem of understanding speech production at this level is that of understanding how speakers accomplish the feat of fluent consonant and vowel production. Solving that problem involves solving another one, however. It is to understand what speaking is essentially. That is, it is to understand how a series of complicated actions of a vocal tract can serve to convey a message composed of rulefully-patterned symbols to members of a language community. In fact, the kind of solution an investigator seeks to the problem of understanding how vocal-tract actions are executed depends on how the investigator looks at the relation between vocal-tract action and the linguistic message itself. Phonology is traditionally seen as the discipline that concerns itself with the building blocks of linguistic messages. It is the study of the structure of sound inventories of languages and of the participation of sounds in rules or processes. Phonetics, in contrast, concerns speech sounds as produced and perceived. Two extreme positions on the relationship between phonological messages and phonetic realizations are represented in the literature. One holds that the primary home for linguistic symbols, including phonological ones, is the human mind, itself housed in the human brain. The second holds that their primary home is the human vocal tract. Consider the first position and the conceptualization of speech production to which it leads. For at least two reasons, the vocal tract is rejected as a natural home for phonological segments of the language. A philosophical reason is that phonemes
The performance of μ-kernel-based systems

First-generation μ-kernels have a reputation for being too slow and lacking sufficient flexibility. To determine whether L4, a lean second-generation μ-kernel, has overcome these limitations, we have repeated several earlier experiments and conducted some novel ones. Moreover, we ported the Linux operating system to run on top of the L4 μ-kernel and compared the resulting system with both Linux running native, and MkLinux, a Linux version that executes on top of a first-generation Mach-derived μ-kernel. For L 4 Linux, the AIM benchmarks report a maximum throughput which is only 5% lower than that of native Linux. The corresponding penalty is 5 times higher for a co-located in-kernel version of MkLinux, and 7 times higher for a user-level version of MkLinux. These numbers demonstrate both that it is possible to implement a high-performance conventional operating system personality above a μ-kernel, and that the performance of the μ-kernel is crucial to achieve this. Further experiments illustrate that the resulting system is highly extensible and that the extensions perform well. Even real-time memory management including second-level cache allocation can be implemented at user-level, coexisting with L 4 Linux.
Myosin VI and its interacting protein LMTK2 regulate tubule formation and transport to the endocytic recycling compartment

Myosin VI is an actin-based retrograde motor protein that plays a crucial role in both endocytic and secretory membrane trafficking pathways. Myosin VI's targeting to and function in these intracellular pathways is mediated by a number of specific binding partners. In this paper we have identified a new myosin-VI-binding partner, lemur tyrosine kinase 2 (LMTK2), which is the first transmembrane protein and kinase that directly binds to myosin VI. LMTK2 binds to the WWY site in the C-terminal myosin VI tail, the same site as the endocytic adaptor protein Dab2. When either myosin VI or LMTK2 is depleted by siRNAs, the transferrin receptor (TfR) is trapped in swollen endosomes and tubule formation in the endocytic recycling pathway is dramatically reduced, showing that both proteins are required for the transport of cargo, such as the TfR, from early endosomes to the endocytic recycling compartment.
Metabolite Profile Resulting from the Activation/Inactivation of 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine and 2-Methyltetrahydro-β-carboline by Oxidative Enzymes

Metabolic enzymes are involved in the activation/deactivation of the 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyiridine (MPTP) neurotoxin and its naturally occurring analogs 2-methyltetrahydro-β-carbolines. The metabolic profile and biotransformation of these protoxins by three enzymes, monoamine oxidase (MAO), cytochrome P450, and heme peroxidases (myeloperoxidase and lactoperoxidase), were investigated and compared. The metabolite profile differed among the enzymes investigated. MAO and heme peroxidases activated these substances to toxic pyridinium and β-carbolinium species. MAO catalyzed the oxidation of MPTP to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-2,3-dihydropyridinium cation (MPDP+), whereas heme peroxidases catalyzed the oxidation of MPDP+ to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+) and of 2-methyltetrahydro-β-carboline to 2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-β-carbolinium cation (2-Me-3,4-DHβC+). These substances were inactivated by cytochrome P450 2D6 through N-demethylation and aromatic hydroxylation (MPTP) and aromatic hydroxylation (2-methyltetrahydro-β-carboline). In conclusion, the toxicological effects of these protoxins might result from a balance between the rate of their activation to toxic products (i.e., N-methylpyridinium-MPP+ and MPDP+- and N-methyl-β-carbolinium—βC+—) by MAO and heme peroxidases and the rate of inactivation (i.e., N-demethylation, aromatic hydroxylation) by cytochrome P450 2D6.
Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor is present in adult mouse taste cells with synapses

Brain‐derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), one of the members of the nerve growth factor family of neurotrophins, is expressed in developing gustatory papillae and is thought to be the neurotrophin that supports gustatory innervation during development. BDNF expression does not cease after development but continues in some taste cells of adult mice. To determine which types of taste cells produce BDNF, we undertook an immunohistochemical study of taste cells in BDNFLacZ gene targeted “knock‐in” adult mice. In these mice, β‐galactosidase (β‐gal) immunoreactivity is an indicator of cells that produce BDNF transcripts. In the tongues of adult BDNFLacZ mice, β‐gal (BDNF) is present in long slender taste cells, as well as pyriform taste cells. Bromodeoxyuridine labeling experiments in BDNFLacZ mice indicate that BDNF is not present in taste cells that are younger than 3 days postmitotic. BDNF mainly colocalizes with markers of type II and type III taste cells: ubiquitin carboxyl terminal hydrolase (PGP 9.5), serotonin (5‐HT), neural cell adhesion molecule (N‐CAM), synaptic associated protein of 25 kDa (SNAP‐25), and to a lesser extent with α‐gustducin. β‐Gal immunoreactivity is not associated with blood group H antigen, a marker of type I taste cells. We conclude that BDNF is absent from basal cells and type I (blood group H antigen immunoreactive) taste cells but is present in differentiated type II and type III taste cells. The presence of SNAP‐25 in BDNF‐expressing cells suggests a role for BDNF in synaptic formation and transmission. J. Comp. Neurol. 459:15–24, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The drawing assistant: automated drawing guidance and feedback from photographs

We present an interactive drawing tool that provides automated guidance over model photographs to help people practice traditional drawing-by-observation techniques. The drawing literature describes a number of techniques to %support this task and help people gain consciousness of the shapes in a scene and their relationships. We compile these techniques and derive a set of construction lines that we automatically extract from a model photograph. We then display these lines over the model to guide its manual reproduction by the user on the drawing canvas. Finally, we use shape-matching to register the user's sketch with the model guides. We use this registration to provide corrective feedback to the user. Our user studies show that automatically extracted construction lines can help users draw more accurately. Furthermore, users report that guidance and corrective feedback help them better understand how to draw.
Unified View of Matrix Completion under General Structural Constraints

In this paper, we present a unified analysis of matrix completion under general low-dimensional structural constraints induced by any norm regularization. We consider two estimators for the general problem of structured matrix completion, and provide unified upper bounds on the sample complexity and the estimation error. Our analysis relies on results from generic chaining, and we establish two intermediate results of independent interest: (a) in characterizing the size or complexity of low dimensional subsets in high dimensional ambient space, a certain partial complexity measure encountered in the analysis of matrix completion problems is characterized in terms of a well understood complexity measure of Gaussian widths, and (b) it is shown that a form of restricted strong convexity holds for matrix completion problems under general norm regularization. Further, we provide several non-trivial examples of structures included in our framework, notably the recently proposed spectral k-support norm.