Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Characterization of a novel neuropathic pain model in mice

We describe the characterization of a partial saphenous nerve injury (PSNI) model of neuropathic pain in the mouse. PSNI resulted in significant mechanical allodynia in mice with no behavioural change to temperature stimulation. PSNI also resulted in ipsilateral paw ventroflexion, reduced functional innervation of the dorsal hindpaw and increased expression in the dorsal root ganglion of the neuropeptide galanin. We have used the PSNI model to study the electrophysiological properties of injured primary afferent neurones, demonstrating that single fibres can be identified and their properties studied. In galanin knockout mice, PSNI failed to induce allodynia as previously reported in other neuropathic pain models. PSNI can be used to simultaneously study behavioural and neurophysiological changes in wild-type and transgenic mice.
The Determiner System in a Group of Italian Children With SLI

Omission of functional categories by children with specific language impairment (SLI) is often viewed as a manifestation of the same immaturity characterizing young normal children's grammar. In this article we present and discuss data that challenge this view: atypically high omissions or even almost total absence of determiners in the speech productions of a group of 11 Italian children affected by either expressive/receptive (7) or expressive-only (4) SLI. We show that this pattern of omissions is in contrast with mean length of utterance matched normal controls' behavior and is not predicted by the level of morphosyntactic knowledge (which includes control of many functional categories) reached by the children with SLI in the group. This rather peculiar dissociation calls into question some special properties of determiners. We take into consideration two possible explanations (which may correlate with differences in deficit type): (i) a deeply rooted learning deficit and (ii) difficulties or problems.
Schematic models and modes of mind in anorexia nervosa I: A novel process account

A deeper understanding of the cognitive-affective mechanisms maintaining anorexia nervosa (AN) is required to develop more effective interventions. Clinical challenges posed by AN are reviewed and a novel model of AN is offered to account for these phenomena, framed within an established cognitive architecture (Interacting Cognitive Subsystems). It is proposed that AN is maintained by oscillations between two extreme yet mutually reinforcing states of mind. In “doing” mode there is a focus on specific conceptual meanings about the control of eating, shape, and weight, with a neglect of broader emotional meaning and bodily states associated with starvation. When control cannot be maintained, individuals move into “mindless bodily emoting” mode. Here attention flips between aversive bodily sensations and emotional beliefs, resulting in feeling out of control, afraid, and self-disgusted. Novel implications for course, recovery, and treatment of AN following directly from this theoretical analysis are discuss.
Evaluation of an off-the-shelf mobile telemedicine model in emergency department wound assessment and management

We examined the agreement between a videoconference-based evaluation and a bedside evaluation in the management of acute traumatic wounds in an emergency department. Adult and paediatric patients with acute wounds of various severities to the face, trunk and/or extremities presenting to the emergency department within 24 hours of injury were enrolled. Research assistants transmitted video images of the wound to an emergency physician using a laptop computer. The physician completed a standard wound assessment form before conducting a bedside evaluation and then completing a second assessment form. The primary outcome measure was wound length and depth. We also assessed management decision-making. A total of 173 wounds were evaluated. The correlation coefficient between video and bedside assessments was 0.96 for wound length. The mean difference between the lengths was 0.02 cm (SD 0.91). Management of the wound would have been the same in 94% of cases. The agreement on wound characteristics and wound management ranged from 84-100%. The highest correlation was 0.92 in suture material used and the lowest correlation was 0.64 in wound type. The ability of video images to distinguish between a minor and non-minor wound, and predicting the need for hospital management, had high degrees of sensitivity and specificity. The study showed that wound characteristics and management decisions appear to correlate well between video and bedside evaluations.
ML and Bayesian TOA location estimators for NLOS environments

A major concern of cellular and PCS-based wireless location systems is the effect of the harsh propagation environment, particularly non-line-of-sight (NLOS) propagation. In order to improve location accuracy under such conditions, this paper proposes a novel location technique that estimates the true, or line-of-sight (LOS), ranges based on NLOS range measurements. The algorithms, designed for NLOS environments, make use of well-known multipath scattering models (ring/disk of scatterers and Gaussian distributed scatterers) in order to incorporate the effects of NLOS propagation. From PDFs of the TOAs derived using the models, maximum likelihood expectation-maximization and Bayesian estimators are applied to multipath TOA measurements at each BS to estimate the LOS distance between the MS and the BS. Simulated results show that the algorithms provide considerable improvement over traditional location algorithms.
Weakly Supervised Multilabel Clustering and its Applications in Computer Vision

Clustering is a useful statistical tool in computer vision and machine learning. It is generally accepted that introducing supervised information brings remarkable performance improvement to clustering. However, assigning accurate labels is expensive when the amount of training data is huge. Existing supervised clustering methods handle this problem by transferring the bag-level labels into the instance-level descriptors. However, the assumption that each bag has a single label limits the application scope seriously. In this paper, we propose weakly supervised multilabel clustering, which allows assigning multiple labels to a bag. Based on this, the instance-level descriptors can be clustered with the guidance of bag-level labels. The key technique is a weakly supervised random forest that infers the model parameters. Thereby, a deterministic annealing strategy is developed to optimize the nonconvex objective function. The proposed algorithm is efficient in both the training and the testing stages. We apply it to three popular computer vision tasks: 1) image clustering; 2) semantic image segmentation; and 3) multiple objects localization. Impressive performance on the state-of-the-art image data sets is achieved in our experiments.
Egg allergy: Are all childhood food allergies the same?

Abstract: Egg allergy is one of the most common food allergies in childhood affecting about 1–2% of preschool children and differs in a number of ways from other common childhood food allergies such as cows milk and peanut. Common egg allergens are altered both by heat and gastric enzymes. Compared with peanuts/tree nuts and milk, egg allergy appears less likely to cause severe life‐threatening reactions or fatal anaphylaxis. Children are much more likely to outgrow egg allergy by school age as compared with peanut allergy. While the MMR vaccine is no longer contraindicated in egg allergy, influenza vaccine is contraindicated in children with anaphylaxis to egg. An understanding of the similarities and differences in these common food allergies of childhood is helpful in the management of these common and increasing problems.
Series expansions of symmetric elliptic integrals

Based on general discussion of series expansions of Carlson’s symmetric elliptic integrals, we developed fifteen kinds of them including eleven new ones by utilizing the symmetric nature of the integrals. Thanks to the special addition formulas of the integrals, we also obtained their complementary series expansions. By considering the balance between the speed of convergence and the amount of computational labor, we chose four of them as the best series expansions. Practical evaluation of the integrals is conducted by the most suitable one among these four series expansions. Its selection rule was analytically specified in terms of the numerical values of given parameters. As a by-product, we obtained an efficient asymptotic expansion of the integrals around their logarithmic singularities. Numerical experiments confirmed the effectiveness of these new series expansions.
Recapturing the Universal in the University

The idea of ‘the university’ has stood for universal themes—of knowing, of truthfulness, of learning, of human development, and of critical reason. Through its affirming and sustaining of such themes, the university came itself to stand for universality in at least two senses: the university was neither partial (in its truth criteria) nor local in its significance (at least, the university was an institution of the nation state and even had global significance). Now, this universalism has been shot down: on the one hand, universal themes have been impugned as passé in a postmodern age; in the ‘knowledge society’, knowledge with a capital ‘K’ is giving way to multiple and even local knowledges (plural). On the other hand, the very process of globalization has been accused of being a new process of colonization. Global universities, accordingly, may be seen as a vehicle for the imposition of Western modes of reason (often suspected in turn of being no more than Western economic reason at that). Diversity is the new watchword, a term that—we may note—has come to be part of the framing of the contemporary policy agenda for higher education. Accordingly, in such a situation of multiple meanings, both within and across institutions, the university becomes an institutional means for developing the capacities—at both the personal and the societal levels—to live with ‘strangeness’: perhaps here lies a new universal for the university? But, then, if that is the case, if strangeness is the new universal for the university, some large challenges await those who would claim to lead and manage universities.
Toward the Establishment of General Dimensions Underlying the Listening Process

Abstract Findings from previous research (Coakley, Halone, & Wolvin, 1996; Halone, Wolvin, & Coakley, 1997; Wolvin, Coakley, & Halone, 1995) indicate that the listening process may be conceptualized primarily in (a) cognitive, (b) affective, (c) behavioral/verbal, (d) behavioral/nonverbal, and (e) behavioral/interactive terms. This report seeks to quantitatively confirm these qualitatively-derived findings. Specifically, this study sought to analyze whether each respective dimension could be generally characteristic of the listening process. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted, providing support for each respective dimension. Results from this study have implications for how communication scholars should conceive of the listening process in theoretical, empirical, and pedagogical terms.
Perceived competition in private dental practice in Finland

A questionnaire study was conducted among 350 private dentists in Finland to investigate their perception of competition and how this associated with practice characteristics. The questionnaire comprised 46 questions dealing with perceptions of competition, marketing, and collegiality, respondents' personal and practice characteristics, including age, sex, area of main practice location, weekly hours in private practice, functioning in solo or in joint practice, cooperation with other dentists, and whether practicing in more than one location. The majority of these private dental practitioners perceived much competition between themselves. Almost all (96%) of those feeling much competition today expected it to be more intense after 5 years, compared to 60% of those not perceiving much competition today (P < 0.001). Private practitioners perceiving much competition also felt it from public health centers significantly (P < 0.001) more often (46%) than others (24%). Logistic regression models revealed that those with a practice in more than one location were over 7 times more likely not to perceive competition. Those practicing outside metropolitan Helsinki area had 3.6 times the odds of not perceiving competition, and for women overall the odds ratio was 2.5. Increasing competition in private practice is a widely felt concern, and it may diminish the willingness of new graduates to attempt penetration of the market and establish their clinics.
Job tenure as a moderator of stressor–strain relations: A comparison of experienced and new-start teachers

Abstract Few studies have investigated the extent to which the effects of work stressors on strain change over the duration of employees’ job incumbencies. Drawing on Karasek's (1979) job demands-control-support model, the current study examined the moderating influence of job tenure (experienced versus novice worker status) on stressor-strain relations. Using a sample of 422 experienced and 248 beginning schoolteachers in Australia, job factors and job strain were assessed on two occasions, 8 months apart. Analyses revealed that the three job factors were each correlated with strain as predicted, although the (elusive) demands×control interaction effect was evidenced amongst “new-start” teachers only. The findings provide mixed support for Karasek's model, and draw attention to the need to consider the role of job tenure and career stage in studies of work stress, as work stressor-strain effects may be routinely underestimated in research that ignores these factors.
Design of a Short Electro-optic Modulator Based on Sige Hbt Structure References and Links

A SiGe electro-optic modulator operating at wavelength of 1. 55µm is proposed. The " ON " state voltage is set at 1.4V. The arm of the MZI waveguide required to generate a π phase shift is 73. 6µm, and the total attenuation loss is 3.95dB. The rise and fall delay time is 70.9ps and 24.5ps, respectively. High-speed optical modulation based on carrier depletion in a silicon waveguide, " Opt. A high-speed silicon optical modulator based on a metal-oxide-semiconductor capacitor, " Nature 427(6975), 615–618 (2004). " 12.5 Gbit/s carrier-injection-based silicon micro-ring silicon modulators, " Opt. SiGe HBT without selectively implanted collector (SIC) exhibiting fmax=310GHz and BVCEO=2V, " IEEE Trans. analysis of electro-optical switching in silicon, " SPIE Integr. Waveguided electro-optical intensity modulation in a Si/GexSi1-x/Si heterojunction bipolar transistor, " Electron. Silicon electro-optic modulator based on a three terminal device integrated in a low-loss single-mode SOI waveguide, " J.
The Cambridge Handbook of Multimedia Learning: The Animation and Interactivity Principles in Multimedia Learning

Abstract Computer animation has tremendous potential to provide visualizations of dynamic phenomena that involve change over time (e.g., biological processes, physical phenomena, mechanical devices, and historical development). However, the research reviewed in this chapter showed that learners did not systematically take advantage of animated graphics in terms of comprehension of the underlying causal or functional model. This chapter reviewed the literature about the interface and content features that affect the potential benefits of animation over static graphics. Finally, I proposed some guidelines that designers should consider when designing multimedia instruction including animation. What Are the Animation Principle and the Interactivity Principle? In the last decade, with the rapid progression of computing capacities and the progress of graphic design technologies, multimedia learning environments have evolved from sequential static text and picture frames to increasing sophisticated visualizations. Two characteristics appear to be popular among instruction designers and practitioners: the use of animated graphics as soon as depiction of dynamic system is involved, and the capability for learners to interact with the instructional material. Conceptions of Animation Despite its extensive use in instructional material, computer animation still is not well understood. Baek and Layne (1988) defined animation as “the process of generating a series of frames containing an object or objects so that each frame appears as an alteration of the previous frame in order to show motion” (p. 132).
Single-molecule FRET-Rosetta reveals RNA structural rearrangements during human telomerase catalysis

Maintenance of telomeres by telomerase permits continuous proliferation of rapidly dividing cells, including the majority of human cancers. Despite its direct biomedical significance, the architecture of the human telomerase complex remains unknown. Generating homogeneous telomerase samples has presented a significant barrier to developing improved structural models. Here we pair single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) measurements with Rosetta modeling to map the conformations of the essential telomerase RNA core domain within the active ribonucleoprotein. FRET-guided modeling places the essential pseudoknot fold distal to the active site on a protein surface comprising the C-terminal element, a domain that shares structural homology with canonical polymerase thumb domains. An independently solved medium-resolution structure of Tetrahymena telomerase provides a blind test of our modeling methodology and sheds light on the structural homology of this domain across diverse organisms. Our smFRET-Rosetta models reveal nanometer-scale rearrangements within the RNA core domain during catalysis. Taken together, our FRET data and pseudoatomic molecular models permit us to propose a possible mechanism for how RNA core domain rearrangement is coupled to template hybrid elongation.
Openness, Creativity and Complexity

In a study of personality style, relationships between dogmatism, creativity and complexity were examined for 108 undergraduates. The finding of a significant negative r (—0.25) between dogmatism and creativity corroborated theory concerning open-mindedness and creativity. Dogmatism and complexity were also correlated (—0.17).
Twenty years of revolutionary democratic Ethiopia, 1991 to 2011

Abstract This paper introduces a special issue of the Journal of Eastern African Studies devoted to a review of Ethiopia's 20 years of “revolutionary democracy”. The collection brings together 11 articles exploring differing aspects of Ethiopia's political experience since 1991. This introduction begins with a short summary of these 11 papers, but then moves to a substantive review of Ethiopia's political history over the past two decades, featuring consideration of the extent of transformation and continuity under the ruling Ethiopian Peoples' Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), the importance of economic issues in defining government policies, and the significance of development and relations with donors.
In situ observation of reversible rippling in multi-walled boron nitride nanotubes

The recent observation of high flexibility in buckled boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) contradicts the pre-existing belief about BN nanotube brittleness due to the partially ionic character of bonding between the B and N atoms. However, the underlying mechanisms and relationships within the nanotube remained unexplored. This study reports for the first time the buckling mechanism in multi-walled BNNTs upon severe mechanical deformation. Individual BNNTs were deformed inside a transmission electron microscope (TEM) equipped with an in situ atomic force microscopy holder. High-resolution TEM images revealed that bent BNNTs form multiple rippling upon buckling. The critical strain to form the first ripple was measured as 4.1% and the buckling process was reversible up to 26% strain. As opposed to carbon nanotubes, the BNNTs buckled into V-shaped ripples rather than smooth wavy shapes. The rippling wavelength was quantified in terms of the outer diameter and thickness of the nanotubes. The BNNTs showed a larger rippling wavelength compared to that of CNTs with the same number of walls. This difference was explained by the tendency of BN structures to reduce the number of thermodynamically unfavorable B–B and N–N bonds at the sharp corners in the rippling regions. The BNNTs’ structure also exhibited a higher fracture strain compared to their counterpart.
Thrombolytic therapy in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Stroke is the leading cause of disability in the United States and the third leading cause of death. Of long-term stroke survivors, 30% are dependent on others for help with activities of daily living and 15% require institutional care. Traditional care for patients with stroke has focused on treating complications and preventing recurrent strokes; the stroke itself was considered irreversible.
Communicating misunderstandings: multi-agency work as social practice

This paper reflects on the findings of an ethnographic study of interprofessional communication and social relations in an integrated child health service, during and after the relocation of different parts of the service to a single site. In the context of the governmental emphasis on restructuring services in order to facilitate better communication between different disciplines, its findings are of considerable pertinence. The study found that co-location did not straightforwardly lead to better communication. This paper urges that greater attention be paid to the kinds of professional narratives that maintain ritualized ways of working and reinforce professional boundaries. It urges the creation of conditions where everyday practices are open to scrutiny and challenge, and aligns itself with those who call for the development of a ‘communication mindset’ among professionals.