Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of Cardiac Involvement in Children with Dengue by Serial Echocardiographic Studies

Background Infection with dengue virus results in a wide range of clinical manifestations from dengue fever (DF), a self-limited febrile illness, to dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) which is characterized by plasma leakage and bleeding tendency. Although cardiac involvement has been reported in dengue, the incidence and the extent of cardiac involvement are not well defined. Methods and Principal findings We characterized the incidence and changes in cardiac function in a prospective in-patient cohort of suspected dengue cases by serial echocardiography. Plasma leakage was detected by serial chest and abdominal ultrasonography. Daily cardiac troponin-T levels were measured. One hundred and eighty one dengue cases were enrolled. On the day of enrollment, dengue cases that already developed plasma leakage had lower cardiac index (2695 (127) vs 3188 (75) (L/min/m2), p = . 003) and higher left ventricular myocardial performance index (.413 (.021) vs . 328 (.026), p = . 021) and systemic vascular resistance (2478 (184) vs 1820 (133) (dynes·s/cm5), p = . 005) compared to those without plasma leakage. Early diastolic wall motion of the left ventricle was decreased in dengue cases with plasma leakage compared to those without. Decreased left ventricular wall motility was more common in dengue patients compared to non-dengue cases particularly in cases with plasma leakage. Differences in cardiac function between DF and DHF were most pronounced around the time of plasma leakage. Cardiac dysfunction was transient and did not require treatment. Transient elevated troponin-T levels were more common in DHF cases compared to DF (14.5% vs 5%, p = 0.028). Conclusions Transient left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction was common in children hospitalized with dengue and related to severity of plasma leakage. The functional abnormality spontaneously resolved without specific treatment. Cardiac structural changes including myocarditis were uncommon.
Electrostatic Properties of Ideal and Non‐ideal Polar Organic Monolayers: Implications for Electronic Devices

Molecules in (or as) electronic devices are attractive because the variety and flexibility inherent in organic chemistry can be harnessed towards a systematic design of electrical properties. Specifically, monolayers of polar molecules introduce a net dipole, which controls surface and interface barriers and enables chemical sensing via dipole modification. Due to the long range of electrostatic phenomena, polar monolayer properties are determined not only by the type of molecules and/or bonding configuration to the substrate, but also by size, (dis‐)order, and adsorption patterns within the monolayer. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of polar monolayer characteristics and their influence on electronic devices requires an approach that transcends typical chemical designs, i.e., one that incorporates long‐range effects, in addition to short‐range effects due to local chemistry. We review and explain the main uses of polar organic monolayers in shaping electronic device properties, with an emphasis on long‐range cooperative effects and on the differences between electrical properties of uniform and non‐uniform monolayers.
28 nm UTBB-FDSOI energy efficient and variation tolerant custom digital-cell library with application to a subthreshold MAC block

This paper presents the design of digital logic cells for subthreshold applications using 28 nm ultra-thin body and box fully depleted silicon on insulator technology. The sizing approach relies on balancing pull-up/pull-down networks (PUN/PDN) strength ratio by applying an additional forward back-gate biasing (FBB) voltage to the back-gate of PMOS transistors. The minimum width of PMOS and NMOS transistors have been chosen by taking the narrow width effect into account. Moreover, to increase the functional yield of the logic cells, a trade-off has been made between Ion/Ioff ratio and energy consumption through increasing the channel length by 4 nm. Energy consumption of logic gates analyzed using ring-oscillators consisting of basic logic gates. It has been shown that balancing logic gates through applying an additional FBB to the PMOS back-gate instead of up-sizing PUN results in 30% lower energy consumption in ring-oscillators. An 8-bit multiply-accumulate (MAC) block was synthesized using the fully customized logic cells with asymmetric back-gate biasing. Compared to a state-of-the art MAC, the energy consumption of our MAC was improved by 21% at a relatively high speed (147 MHz).
Disordered food intake and obesity in rats lacking cholecystokinin A receptors.

Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats develop obesity, hyperglycemia, and non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and do not express cholecystokinin A (CCK-A) receptors, the receptor subtype mediating the satiety actions of CCK. In short-term feeding tests, male OLETF rats were completely resistant to exogenous CCK, and their response to bombesin was attenuated. Comparisons of liquid meal consumption in OLETF and control Long-Evans Tokushima (LETO) rats demonstrated that 1) OLETF rats had greater intakes during 30-min scheduled daytime meals and significantly larger and fewer spontaneous nighttime meals and 2) although the initial rates of licking were the same, OLETF rats maintained the initial rate longer and the rate at which their licking declined was slower. In 24-h solid food access tests, OLETF rats consumed significantly more pellets than LETO controls, and this increase was attributable to significant increases in meal size. Together, these data are consistent with the interpretation that the lack of CCK-A receptors in OLETF rats results in a satiety deficit leading to increases in meal size, overall hyperphagia, and obesity.
Land use change suppresses precipitation

Abstract. A feedback loop between regional scale deforestation and climate change was investigated in an experiment using novel, small size airborne platforms and instrument setups. Experiments were performed in a worldwide unique natural laboratory in Western Australia, characterized by two adjacent homogeneous observation areas with distinctly different land use characteristics. Conversion of several ten thousand square km of forests into agricultural land began more than a century ago. Changes in albedo, surface roughness, the soil water budget and the planetary boundary layer evolved over decades. Besides different meteorology, we found a significant up to now overlooked source of aerosol over the agriculture area. The enhanced number of cloud condensation nuclei is coupled through the hydrological groundwater cycle with deforestation. Modification of surface properties and aerosol number concentrations are key factors for the observed reduction of precipitation. The results document the importance of aerosol indirect effects on climate due to nanometer size biogenic aerosol and human impact on aerosol sources.
Adapting proof automation to adapt proofs

We extend proof automation in an interactive theorem prover to analyze changes in specifications and proofs. Our approach leverages the history of changes to specifications and proofs to search for a patch that can be applied to other specifications and proofs that need to change in analogous ways. We identify and implement five core components that are key to searching for a patch. We build a patch finding procedure from these components, which we configure for various classes of changes. We implement this procedure in a Coq plugin as a proof-of-concept and use it on real Coq code to change specifications, port definitions of a type, and update the Coq standard library. We show how our findings help drive a future that moves the burden of dealing with the brittleness of small changes in an interactive theorem prover away from the programmer and into automated tooling.
The Adriatic Basin forecasting system

A regional ocean forecasting system has been implemented in the framework of the ADRIatic sea integrated COastal areaS and river basin Management system Pilot Project (ADRICOSM). The system is composed of a 5 km horizontal resolution model and an observing system collecting coastal and open ocean hydrological data. The numerical model is based on the Princeton Ocean Model using a SMOLARKIEWICZ iterative advection scheme, interactive air-sea flux computation, Po and other Adriatic rivers flow rates and is one-way nested to a general circulation model of the Mediterranean Sea. In this study the data from the observing system are used only for model validation. The results of the first operational year are shown and the model performance has been assessed based on root mean square (RMS) criteria.
Factors that inform the career choice of medical students: implications for otolaryngology

Knowledge of the factors that inform the career choice of medical students may help plan the workforce for medical specialities. To determine which factors inform the career choice of medical students we carried out a survey of medical students at the start of their educational block in Otolaryngology. Of 202 questionnaires handed out 169 were returned (84 per cent). Students were asked to rank factors according to their importance in their career choice. The single most important factor was career progression. Other factors include on-call commitment, teachers as role models, and the interest for a particular subject. At the present time progression from senior house officer grade to specialist registrar grade in Otolaryngology is delayed. If this issue is not addressed the influx of applicants into Otolaryngology training programmes will be reduced, limiting the pool from which candidates can be chosen for a career in Otolaryngology.
Correcting Head Rice Yield for Surface Lipid Content (Degree of Milling) Variation

ABSTRACT Head rice yield (HRY) is the primary parameter used to quantify rice milling quality. However, HRY is affected by the degree of milling (DOM) and thus HRY may not be comparable between different lots if the DOM is different. The objective of this study was to develop a method by which HRY values can be adjusted for varying DOM values when measured by surface lipid content (SLC). Seventeen rough rice lots including long-grain and medium-grain cultivars and hybrids were harvested from two 2003 and five 2004 locations. Duplicate subsamples of each lot were milled in a McGill No. 2 laboratory mill for 10, 15, 20, or 40 sec after zero, one, two, three, and six months of storage. HRY and SLC were measured. The average HRY versus SLC slope across all milling duration data sets was 9.4. As such, it is suggested that, when milling with a McGill No. 2 laboratory mill, the HRY of a rice lot can be adjusted by a factor of 9.4 percentage points for every percentage point difference between the rice lot SLC an.
Measurement reliability of functional tasks for persons who self-propel a manual wheelchair.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the reliability of 4 functional tasks relevant to wheelchair seating. DESIGN Within-subject and between-rater comparisons. SETTING Rehabilitation center in Canada. PARTICIPANTS Two separate convenience samples of 10 male wheelchair users. INTERVENTIONS Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The 4 functional tasks were timed forward wheeling, ramp ascent, forward vertical reach distance, and ramp descent, scored by an ordinal performance scale. To determine test-retest reliability, the participants performed each task twice on the same day. To determine interrater reliability, 5 experienced therapists independently scored each participant. The ramp descent task was replaced with a 1-stroke push distance task due to difficulties with the interpretation of the ordinal performance scale. RESULTS Testing of all tasks was completed within 45 minutes, allowing for rest periods. There were no adverse incidents. One individual with C6 quadriplegia 4 months after spinal cord injury was unable to complete the ramp ascent. Estimates for test-retest reliability of all 4 functional tasks were excellent (r=.99). Interrater reliability was calculated for all tasks except the 1-stroke push and found to be excellent (intraclass correlation coefficient=.99). CONCLUSIONS The final 4 functional tasks are practical, safe, and reliable tests that may be used for clinical evaluation of wheelchair seating. Further research involving comparative assessments of wheelchair seating options is required to determine the discriminative ability of the tests.
Prevalence and risk factors of hypertension and diabetes in the Katkari tribe of coastal Maharashtra

Background and Objectives: Urban and rural India are both going through health epidemiological transition and will soon face huge burden of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). Information on the status of NCDs in tribals is limited. Although the prevalence of hypertension in scheduled tribes (STs) has been studied in several states by the National Nutrition Monitoring Bureau, tribe-specific data are very scanty. The objective of this study was to generate data on the status of hypertension and diabetes, the two objectively measurable NCDs in Katkaris, the dominant ST in the Raigad district of coastal Maharashtra. Methods: The study was conducted in 410 adult Katkaris (women 219) of both sexes of ≥18 years of age in three adjoining tehsils of the district. Using the Institution Review Board approved protocol; information was obtained on sociodemographic parameters, educational level, dietary pattern, and substance abuse. Prevalence of overweight, hypertension, and diabetes was measured using standard field-based procedures and techniques. Results: Katkaris, who are mostly landless manual laborers, subsist on a protein-poor, imbalanced diet. About half of women and one-third of men have body mass index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m2, an indication of undernutrition. On the other hand, about 2% of participants were obese (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). The overall prevalence of hypertension and diabetes was 16.8% and 7.3%, respectively. Hypercholesterolemia was recorded in about 3% of the participants. Interpretation and Conclusions: Prevalence of diabetes and hypertension in Katkaris is still lower than that of urban and rural populations, closer to the latter. This may be due to the absence of known risk factors such as obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and hyperlipidemia in this community. Fast acculturation of the STs suggests that NCDs will soon become a major health issue in them too. It is time to launch a multicentric national study to gather baseline information on the status of NCDs in STs.
Thermal Degradation in Tire Cords

of any mechanical action. No attempt is made to answer the question concerning any possible mechanical degradation, such as has been observed under certain conditions by others [7, 10, 12], inasmuch as such mechanical degradation in road operation is inextricably bound up with the heat produced at the same time. The present investigation was designed to amplify and, if possible, explain the earlier work of Conrad, Lyons, and Tripp [3] which showed that cotton tire cords taken from tires that
Link between dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in rat and human striatal tissues

Many psychomotor behaviors depend on an interaction between dopamine D1 and D2 receptors. This study tested the hypothesis that agonist stimulation of dopamine D1 receptors leads to the conversion of D2 receptors from a state of high affinity for dopamine into a state of low affinity for dopamine. To test this hypothesis, dopamine was competed against [3H]raclopride for binding to rat and human striatal homogenates. Although the detection of high‐affinity states of the dopamine D2 receptor in rat or postmortem human striatum is normally difficult because the proportions of such sites are very low in the presence of physiological concentrations of sodium ions, the present work found that in the presence of 100 nM SCH 23390 to block D1 receptors, a significant proportion of D2 high‐affinity sites were unmasked and readily revealed to be 10–35% of the D2 population, illustrating the presence of a strong D1–D2 link in both rat and human striata. Synapse 47:250–254, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Effect of SiC reinforcement on the deformation and fracture micromechanisms of Al–Li alloys

The effect of SiC reinforcement on the microstructure of a naturally aged 8090 Al alloy as well as on the deformation and fracture micromechanisms was investigated. To this end, the microstructural characteristics (grain and reinforcement morphology, precipitate structure) were determined in the unreinforced alloy and in the composite reinforced with 15 vol.% SiC particles. The materials were tested under monotonic tension and fully reversed cyclic deformation and then carefully analysed through scanning and transmission electron microscopy to find the dominant deformation and failure processes for each material and loading condition. It was found that the dispersion of the SiC particles restrained the formation of elongated grains during extrusion and inhibited the precipitation of Al3Li. As a result, the plastic deformation in the composite was homogeneous, while strain localization in slip bands was observed in the unreinforced alloy specimens tested in tension and in fatigue. The unreinforced alloy failed by transgranular shear along the slip bands during monotonic deformation, whereas fracture was initiated by grain boundary delamination, promoted by the stress concentrations induced by the slip bands, during cyclic deformation. The fracture of the composite was precipitated by the progressive fracture of the SiC reinforcements during monotonic and cyclic deformation.
Polarimetric Dual-Baseline InSAR Building Height Estimation at L-Band

This letter generalizes a multibaseline interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) signal model to the polarimetric scenario. Based on this formulation, two high-performance spectral analysis techniques are adapted to process multibaseline Pol-InSAR observations. These new methods enhance the height estimation of scatterers by calculating optimal polarization combinations and allow the determination of their physical characteristics. Applying the proposed algorithms to urban environments, the building layover problem is analyzed by means of polarimetric dual-baseline InSAR measurements: the ground and building height are estimated. The techniques are validated using dual-baseline Pol-InSAR data acquired by DLR's Experimental SAR (E-SAR) system over Dresden city.
Safety and persistence of adoptively transferred autologous CD19-targeted T cells in patients with relapsed or chemotherapy refractory B-cell leukemias.

We report the findings from the first 10 patients with chemotherapy-refractory chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) or relapsed B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) we have enrolled for treatment with autologous T cells modified to express 19-28z, a second-generation chimeric antigen (Ag) receptor specific to the B-cell lineage Ag CD19. Eight of the 9 treated patients tolerated 19-28z(+) T-cell infusions well. Three of 4 evaluable patients with bulky CLL who received prior conditioning with cyclophosphamide exhibited either a significant reduction or a mixed response in lymphadenopathy without concomitant development of B-cell aplasia. In contrast, one patient with relapsed ALL who was treated in remission with a similar T-cell dose developed a predicted B-cell aplasia. The short-term persistence of infused T cells was enhanced by prior cyclophosphamide administration and inversely proportional to the peripheral blood tumor burden. Further analyses showed rapid trafficking of modified T cells to tumor and retained ex vivo cytotoxic potential of CD19-targeted T cells retrieved 8 days after infusion. We conclude that this adoptive T-cell approach is promising and more likely to show clinical benefit in the setting of prior conditioning chemotherapy and low tumor burden or minimal residual disease. These studies are registered at www.clinicaltrials. org as #NCT00466531 (CLL protocol) and #NCT01044069 (B-ALL protocol).
Effects of exercise and lifestyle intervention on cardiovascular function in CKD.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES CKD is associated with poor cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF). This predefined substudy determined the effect of exercise training and lifestyle intervention on CRF and explored the effect on cardiovascular risk factors and cardiac and vascular function. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS Between February 2008 and March 2010, 90 patients with stage 3-4 CKD were screened with an exercise stress echocardiogram before enrollment. Patients (n=83) were randomized to standard care (control) or lifestyle intervention. The lifestyle intervention included multidisciplinary care (CKD clinic), a lifestyle program, and aerobic and resistance exercise training for 12 months. CRF (peak Vo2), left ventricular function, arterial stiffness, anthropometric, and biochemical data were collected at baseline and 12 months. RESULTS Ten percent of randomized patients had subclinical myocardial ischemia at screening and completed the study without incident. There was no baseline difference among 72 patients who completed follow-up (36 in the lifestyle intervention group and 36 in the control group). The intervention increased peak Vo2 (2.8±0.7 ml/kg per minute versus -0.3±0.9 ml/kg per minute; P=0.004). There was small weight loss (-1.8±4.2 kg versus 0.7±3.7 kg; P=0.02) but no change in BP or lipids. Diastolic function improved (increased e' of 0.75±1.16 cm/s versus -0.47±1.0 cm/s; P=0.001) but systolic function was well preserved and did not change. The change in arterial elastance was attenuated (0.11±0.76 mmHg/ml versus 0.76±0.96 mmHg/ml; P=0.01). Δ peak Vo2 was associated with group allocation and improved body composition. CONCLUSIONS Exercise training and lifestyle intervention in patients with CKD produces improvements in CRF, body composition, and diastolic function.
Distributed under Creative Commons Cc-by 4.0 the Impact of Stress on Financial Decision-making Varies as a Function of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms

Stress can precipitate the onset of mood and anxiety disorders. This may occur, at least in part, via a modulatory effect of stress on decision-making. Some individuals are, however, more resilient to the effects of stress than others. The mechanisms underlying such vulnerability differences are nevertheless unknown. In this study we attempted to begin quantifying individual differences in vulnerability by exploring the effect of experimentally induced stress on decision-making. The threat of unpredictable shock was used to induce stress in healthy volunteers (N = 47) using a within-subjects, within-session design, and its impact on a financial decision-making task (the Iowa Gambling Task) was assessed alongside anxious and depressive symp-tomatology. As expected, participants learned to select advantageous decks and avoid disadvantageous decks. Importantly, we found that stress provoked a pattern of harm-avoidant behaviour (decreased selection of disadvantageous decks) in individuals with low levels of trait anxiety. By contrast, individuals with high trait anxiety demonstrated the opposite pattern: stress-induced risk-seeking (increased selection of disadvantageous decks). These contrasting influences of stress depending on mood and anxiety symptoms might provide insight into vulnerability to common mental illness. In particular, we speculate that those who adopt a more harm-avoidant strategy may be better able to regulate their exposure to further environmental stress, reducing their susceptibility to mood and anxiety disorders.