Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Call me, later! Patients’ experiences of Swedish healthcare call-back services and access to healthcare

Objective: Despite the wide use of telephone call-back services in Swedish healthcare, there has been little research on how it affects patients. This study explores individual experiences of a call-back service, concentrating on barriers to healthcare, and healthcare-seeking behavior.Methods: The study was conducted at Angered Hospital and Angered Primary Care Rehabilitation Center in Gothenburg, Sweden. Ten informants, 28-82 years old, who had used the call-back service participated in interviews about their experience of the call-back service. Thematic analysis was used to analyze data from the interviews.Results: Three themes were identified in the analysis: (1) features and functions of the call-back service; (2) the call-back service as a barrier to or facilitator of healthcare; and (3) adjustments to the call-back service. Most informants were content with the call-back function. Negative experiences were related to language difficulties and the length of time allowed during the phone call. Lack of available appointments and telephone access were problems reported. Informants suggested a longer time frame for calls, longer opening hours regarding telephone access, more language and voicemail options, and the possibility of speaking to a person.Conclusions: Informants in this study mostly had a positive impression of seeking healthcare using call-back services. Barriers related to language and time frame for calls could be explored in larger studies. The results from this explorative study suggests that a combination of approaches – with other options added to the call-back services - might increase equal access to health care. The use and effects of call-back services warrant further investigation.
MannerComplement-Dependent and -Independent XVII Collagen Cause Skin Fragility in a Antibodies to Pathogenic Epitopes on Type

In bullous pemphigoid (BP), the most prevalent autoimmune blistering disease, type XVII collagen (COL17) is targeted by circulating autoantibodies. BP is thought to be an autoantibody-mediated complement-ﬁxing blistering disease, and a juxtamembranous noncollagenous 16A (NC16A) domain spanning Glu 490 to Arg 566 was proved to be the main pathogenic region on COL17, although precise pathogenic epitopes within NC16A have not been elucidated. In this study, we showed that injection of rabbit IgG Abs targeting Asp 522 to Gln 545 induced skin fragility associated with in vivo deposition of IgG and complement in neonatal COL17-humanized mice. Notably, immunoadsorption of rabbit anti-NC16A IgG Ab with this epitope (Asp 522 to Gln 545 ) or the anti-NC16A IgG administered together with the peptides of this epitope as a decoy ameliorated skin fragility in the injected neonatal COL17-humanized mice compared with the anti-NC16A IgG alone even though all of the mice showed both IgG and complement deposition. These results led us to investigate an additional, complement-independent mechanism of skin fragility in the mice injected with anti-COL17 Abs. The rabbit anti-NC16A IgG depleted the expression of COL17 in cultured normal human keratinocytes, whereas immunoadsorption of the same IgG with this epitope signiﬁcantly suppressed the depletion effect. More-over, passive transfer of F(ab 9 ) 2 fragments of the human BP or rabbit IgG Abs against COL17 demonstrated skin fragility in neonatal COL17-humanized mice. In summary, this study reveals
A Foundation Model for the Practice of School Psychology

A major crisis in the profession of school psychology has emerged from the body of recent empirical studies in psychology and education. Research on school psychology assessments has suggested that little, if any, data are produced in these evaluations which is useful for the remediation of students' educational problems. Likewise, psychoeducational treatments of the behavior and learning problems of school children have empirically shown only weak, if any, efficacy. An examination of some of the fundamental philosophical, theoretical, and practical foundations of school psychology yielded reasons for the crisis in the profession. The underlying assumptions of externalism and resulting faulty notions about objectivity and value neutrality were shown to be major contributors to the problems of school psychology. The failure to find any relatively exceptionless laws of behavior from which psychological practice can be based was presented as another of the reasons for the crisis. Mechanistic theories of the person, which are prevalent in experimental psychology, have invaded the thinking of school psychologists and other educators with unfortunate results. Semantic, diagnostic, research, and measurement problems in school psychology have evolved from these underlying philosophical and theoretical errors. The following alternative foundational concepts were offered for the practice of school psychology: (a) reality is an undivided whole; (b) reality is constructed through the dialectical process by the community of observers; (c) shared knowledge is developed out of social consensus; (d) personal knowledge exerts a major influence on the Reproduced with permission o f the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited w ithout permission. person's behavior; (e) human beings possess purposes and intentions; (£) human beings have moral status; and (g) the overriding purpose of education should be to facilitate the student's search for personal meaning for her/his life. From this set of basic concepts a model for the practice of school psychology was developed. The model designated (a) the purpose of school psychology, (b) the ways in which the school psychologist enriches her/his clients, (c) a democratic approach to decision making, (d) the expansion of what counts as knowledge in the profession, and (e) the virtuous school psychologist as less of an expert and more of a moral leader. A series of case histories was presented to demonstrate the model in action. Reproduced with permission o f the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited w ithout permission.
EFL Learners' Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategies.

Reading, a literacy skill, is of great importance to all educational systems. Even in tertiary education, many EFL learners have trouble in reading academic texts in English, as they are often found to be using ineffective reading strategies. A review of relevant literature provides insights into a range of issues relating to the teaching of reading and the development of effective EFL reading strategies including metacognitive awareness of reading strategies. The present study investigated how frequently EFL learners studying in higher education institutions think they use selected EFL reading strategies. The study used MARSI, the Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategies Inventory, a think-aloud instrument, on a sample of 74 tertiary level EFL learners for eliciting the subjects’ self-reports on their use of selected reading strategies on a Likert scale of 1 (low) to 5 (high). The findings reported that there is a high use of all the three types of reading strategies by Elementary, Intermediate and Advanced Level EFL students in Oman. This study shows that there are no significant differences in the use of different types of reading strategies among learners of various levels.
The role of networks in determining usage of community currencies in Kenya

ABSTRACT Past studies have attributed the usage of community currencies to government support, community solidarity, business networks and social networks. Using a mixed-methods approach, this paper examines the role of networks in determining the usage of community currencies in an ethnically heterogeneous community. It argues that while networks are important in determining the usage of community currencies, it is not the presence of networks per se that is important, but the types of networks, the level of trust within them and the kind of information passed on within them, as well as the number of networks to which an individual belongs. The paper makes a contribution by offering a more nuanced view of the role of networks in the adoption of community currencies among the poor.
Modification by KCNE1 variants of the hERG potassium channel response to premature stimulation and to pharmacological inhibition

human Ether‐à‐go‐go‐Related Gene (hERG) encodes the pore‐forming subunit of cardiac rapid delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr) channels, which play important roles in ventricular repolarization, in protecting the myocardium from unwanted premature stimuli, and in drug‐induced Long QT Syndrome (LQTS). KCNE1, a small transmembrane protein, can coassemble with hERG. However, it is not known how KCNE1 variants influence the channel's response to premature stimuli or if they influence the sensitivity of hERG to pharmacological inhibition. Accordingly, whole‐cell patch‐clamp measurements of hERG current (IhERG) were made at 37°C from hERG channels coexpressed with either wild‐type (WT) KCNE1 or with one of three KCNE1 variants (A8V, D76N, and D85N). Under both conventional voltage clamp and ventricular action potential (AP) clamp, the amplitude of IhERG was smaller for A8V, D76N, and D85N KCNE1 + hERG than for WT KCNE1 + hERG. Using paired AP commands, with the second AP waveform applied at varying time intervals following the first to mimic premature ventricular excitation, the response of IhERG carried by each KCNE1 variant was reduced compared to that with WT KCNE1 + hERG. The IhERG blocking potency of the antiarrhythmic drug quinidine was similar between WT KCNE1 and the three KCNE1 variants. However, the IhERG inhibitory potency of the antibiotic clarithromycin and of the prokinetic drug cisapride was altered by KCNE1 variants. These results demonstrate that naturally occurring KCNE1 variants can reduce the response of hERG channels to premature excitation and also alter the sensitivity of hERG channels to inhibition by some drugs linked to acquired LQTS.
Induction of Preference and Performance after Acclimation to Novel Hosts in a Phytophagous Spider Mite: Adaptive Plasticity?

We examined induction of preference and performance on novel host plants for two laboratory populations of the polyphagous spider mite Tetranychus urticae, with one population adapted to bean and the other population adapted to tomato. We bred four isofemale lines of the bean population only and used them in all the assays. The bean population had a 30% lower fecundity on tomato than on bean, while the tomato population had equal fecundity on both host plants. Acclimation of adult females to the novel host plant for both populations increased acceptability of that novel host but did not increase rejection of the original host. The bean population experienced a 60% benefit and a 30% cost in terms of egg production for acclimating to tomato, thus exemplifying adaptive plasticity. The tomato population showed a 23% benefit for acclimating to bean but no cost. Mites from the bean population that were acclimated to tomato fed more on tomato than did mites that were not acclimated to tomato. When these mites were fed inhibitors of cytochrome P‐450 detoxification enzymes, their performance was severely depressed (84%) on tomato but not on bean. However, mites that were fed inhibitors of P‐450 enzymes did not reduce their acceptance of tomato as a host. Thus, performance on novel hosts (but not preference) in this species is likely correlated with the induction of detoxifying enzymes. Spider mites are known to form host races rapidly on novel hosts. Induction of preference and physiological acclimation via detoxification enzymes may enhance performance and, thus, strongly contribute to initial stages of host race formation.
The role of heterogeneous political discussion and partisanship on the effects of incidental news exposure online

ABSTRACT Scholars have for some time shed light on the effects incidental news exposure have for the democratic process. However, limited work has explored how the ease and openness of discussion online interplay with unintentional encounters with news in explaining citizens’ political engagement. Using a U.S. national survey, this study seeks to contribute to the literature by testing the mediating role of heterogeneous and homogeneous political discussion in predicting the relationship between incidental news exposure and political participation. Findings show that heterogeneous discussion fully mediates the relationship with offline participation. The relationship with online participation was partially mediated. Mediation of homogeneous discussion to political participation did not occur. Moreover, a moderated mediation analysis finds that the mediation of heterogeneous discussion is more likely to occur among partisans than nonpartisans. Limitations and further suggestions to advance this line of research are provided in this study.
Molecular Detection of Human Papilloma Virus Infection of Uterine Cervix among Women of Reproductive Age

Objective: The objective of this study was to determine frequency of human papilloma virus infection of uterine cervix among women of reproductive age by polymerase chain reaction. Study Design and Duration: It was a cross sectional study of six months duration. Methodology: 162 samples of exfoliated cervical cells were collected with cervical sampler; during gynecological examination. The tip containing cellular material was placed into PreservCyt bottle with collection medium, stored at 4°C and then transported to Virology department of AFIP for real time PCR. Results: The frequency of human papilloma virus infection of uterine cervix among women of reproductive age by polymerase chain reaction was 2.47% (n=4). Mean age of participants was 33.2 ± 6.4 years. Mean age at 1st pregnancy was 23 ± 3.3 years while mean number of children was 3 ± 1.4. 87.7% of participants husband had one wife and 4.9% participants husband had more than one wives. 89.5% never used OCP while 5.6% were former and 4.9% were current users. 89% of participants never smoked, 9% were former smoker and 2% were current smokers. Among positive cases, three patients had HR-HPV 16 and one had a rare HR-HPV 51/59 infection. Conclusion: The frequency of human papilloma virus infection of uterine cervix was not very high among women of reproductive in our setup. However, it was a single center study which may not reflect the frequency of the whole city as data from other hospitals was not included in the study. All four positive cases belong to >36 years age group. The positive women in our study had birth of their first child between 15-20 years of age (P=0.001 CI=95%) and also they had high parity (P=0.013 CI=95%). All the four positive women were apparently healthy, so screening must be recommended for sexually active women in our country. A nationwide study must be carried out for formulation of screening and vaccination strategies for future.
An Investigation of the Third Hankel Determinant Problem for Certain Subfamilies of Univalent Functions Involving the Exponential Function

In the current article, we consider certain subfamilies S e ∗ and C e of univalent functions associated with exponential functions which are symmetric along real axis in the region of open unit disk. For these classes our aim is to find the bounds of Hankel determinant of order three. Further, the estimate of third Hankel determinant for the family S e ∗ in this work improve the bounds which was investigated recently. Moreover, the same bounds have been investigated for 2-fold symmetric and 3-fold symmetric functions.
Look and listen! The online processing of Korean case by native and non-native speakers

ABSTRACT We used a forced choice visual world paradigm to examine when listeners integrate case when processing Korean, in native speakers and two groups of adult L2 learners. The L2 learners varied as concerns the typological proximity between their L1 (French or Kazakh) and Korean. Processing was compared for canonical (SOV) and scrambled (OSV) word order. Nominal case marking was either accusative (NOM-ACC) or dative (NOM-DAT). Native Koreans showed anticipatory looks to the correct image, regardless of word order or case. Neither L2 group showed anticipatory looks to the correct image prior to the final auditory verb. Both L2 groups demonstrated superior performance for the dative. However, the Kazakh group showed better capacities to correctly interpret utterances based on case than the French. Our results provide evidence of the incremental nature of processing in Korean for native speakers and, for L2 learners, the effect of L1–L2 overlap and specific case marking.
Tollmien-Schlichting wave amplitudes on a semi-infinite flat plate and a parabolic body: comparison of a parabolized stability equation method and direct numerical simulations

In this paper, the interaction of free-stream acoustic waves with the leading edge of an aerodynamic body is investigated and two different methods for analysing this interaction are considered. Results are compared for a method which incorporates Orr–Sommerfeld calculations using the parabolized stability equation to those of direct numerical simulations. By comparing the streamwise amplitude of the Tollmien–Schlichting wave, it is found that non-modal components of the boundary layer response to an acoustic wave can persist some distance downstream of the lower branch. The effect of nose curvature on the persisting non-modal eigenmodes is also considered, with a larger nose radius allowing the non-modal eigenmodes to persist farther downstream.
Graph-Based Transform for 2D Piecewise Smooth Signals With Random Discontinuity Locations

The graph-based block transform recently emerged as an effective tool for compressing some special signals such as depth images in 3D videos. However, in existing methods, overheads are required to describe the graph of the block, from which the decoder has to calculate the transform via time-consuming eigendecomposition. To address these problems, in this paper, we aim to develop a single graph-based transform for a class of 2D piecewise smooth signals with similar discontinuity patterns. We first consider the deterministic case with a known discontinuity location in each row. We propose a 2D first-order autoregression (2D AR1) model and a 2D graph for this type of signals. We show that the closed-form expression of the inverse of a biased Laplacian matrix of the proposed 2D graph is exactly the covariance matrix of the proposed 2D AR1 model. Therefore, the optimal transform for the signal are the eigenvectors of the proposed graph Laplacian. Next, we show that similar results hold in the random case, where the locations of the discontinuities in different rows are randomly distributed within a confined region, and we derive the closed-form expression of the corresponding optimal 2D graph Laplacian. The theory developed in this paper can be used to design both pre-computed transforms and signal-dependent transforms with low complexities. Finally, depth image coding experiments demonstrate that our methods can achieve similar performance to the state-of-the-art method, but our complexity is much lower.
Promises and Conventions - A Theory of Pre-play Agreements

Experiments suggest that communication increases the contribution to public goods (Ledyard, 1995). There is also evidence that, when contemplating a lie, people trade off their private benefit from the lie with the harm it inflicts on others (Gneezy, 2005). We develop a theory of bilateral pre-play negotiation that assumes the latter and implies the former (alternatively we can interpret the agreement as a convention). A preference for not lying (transgressing conventions) provides a partial commitment device that enables informal agreements. We establish some general properties of the set of possible agreements and characterize the smallest and largest such set. In symmetric games, preplay agreements crucially depend on whether actions are strategic complements or substitutes. With strategic substitutes, commitment power tends to decrease in efficiency whereas the opposite may be true with strategic complements. Also this finding is supported by experimental evidence. JEL Classification: C72, C78, Z13.
Opening the “Black Box”: Exploring Enhanced Visitations at a Women’s Prison

Abstract Correctional systems spend considerable resources providing visitations for incarcerated individuals. Researchers have explored whether visitations decrease recidivism, increase prosocial behaviors from those incarcerated, and increase positive outcomes for children of incarcerated parents. Study results are mixed. This qualitative case study examines the perceptions of 89 incarcerated mothers who participated in a unique enhanced visitation event within Oregon’s Department of Corrections. The incarcerated mothers revealed that this particular type of visitation provides mother–child bonding opportunities, are incentives to engage in prosocial behaviors, and challenge negative self-images they have created about themselves and others. Policy, practice, and future research implications related to enhanced visitations within the prison environment are discussed.
Indirect oxidative stress from pulmonary inflammation exceeds direct oxidative stress from chemical damage to mitochondria

The term oxidative stress was introduced by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) in 1985. It is now invoked as a contributing mechanism to the induction of tumors in chronic rodent cancer bioassays following administration of a chemical agent, especially via inhalation. The term oxidative stress is confusing as there are two different types of oxidative stress. Direct oxidative stress derives from chemical damage to mitochondrial energy-producing structures with concomitantly altered mitochondrial function. Indirect oxidative stress is frequently quantitatively greater than direct oxidative stress in terms of release of activated oxygen or nitrogen species secreted by one or more of 12 potential in situ or recruited inflammatory cell types. Evidence supporting a role for direct oxidative stress in chemical carcinogenesis comes from cell culture studies wherein the cells have been removed from their natural environment and denuded of defense systems, for example, removal of particles by cilia, macrophage engulfment of particles, and suspension and dilution of chemicals or particles in pulmonary surfactant. In contrast, extensive direct evidence from bronchoalveolar lung washes conducted on humans shows elevations in pulmonary macrophage and neutrophil counts, release of intravascular proteins into the extracellular space, and activation of pro-inflammatory cytokines that correlate with observed pulmonary pathology. Higher rates of lung cancer in smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) than in smokers at the same cigarette consumption level but without COPD demonstrate a positive contribution by pulmonary inflammation to pulmonary carcinogenesis. Indirect oxidative stress from pulmonary inflammation should be considered before allocating a primary carcinogenic role for direct oxidative stress.