Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Interventions for Subjects with Depressive Symptoms with or without Unhealthy Alcohol Use: Are There Different Patterns of Change?

Background: It has been suggested that alcohol problems negatively affect therapeutic interventions for depression. This study examines the patterns of change in depressive symptoms following an intervention for depression, in participants with or without comorbid unhealthy alcohol use. Methods: Depressive symptoms (BDI–II), perceived control of depressive symptoms (UNCONTROL) and unhealthy alcohol use (AUDIT) were assessed in 116 patients before and after attending a cognitive behavioral psychoeducational intervention for depression. At pretest the mean score of AUDIT was 8.1, indicating a, on average, risk of harmful level of alcohol abuse. At pretest the majority of the total sample had a moderate degree of depressive symptoms, with a mean BDI–II score of 25.1 and 36.2% had a risky use of alcohol as measured with AUDIT score at 8 points or above. To assess the relationship between depressive symptoms, perceived uncontrollability of depression and alcohol use across time, a cross-lagged panel model was estimated. Results: A clinical significant reduction of depressive symptoms, and a parallel and statistically significant increase in the perceived control of depressive symptoms, was identified after attending a cognitive behavioral psychoeducational intervention for depression. At posttest, the mean BDI–II score was 17.8, demonstrating a statistically significant decrease of 7.3 points in depressive symptoms from before starting the course to 6 months later. The effect size (d-value) of 0.83 can be interpreted as a large decrease in depressive symptoms. In this sample alcohol use and depressive symptoms seemed to be unrelated. The cross-lagged correlation panel analysis indicated that a high degree of perceived control of depressive symptoms leads to a reduction in depressive symptoms, and not vice versa. Conclusion: We found that this intervention for depression were effective in reducing depressive symptoms. The patterns of change seemed to be independent of risky use of alcohol, although leaving the study was systematically associated with higher AUDIT-scores. As participants with or without unhealthy alcohol use show the same patterns of change regarding reduction of depressive symptoms and perceived control of depression, both groups could be offered the same cognitive behavioral psychoeducational interventions for depression.
2 Executive Option Exercises and Financial Misreporting

Several recent papers document that the magnitude of potential gains from stock-based compensation is positively related to the likelihood of misreporting. In a sample of firms that announce restatements of their financial statements from 1997 to 2002, we examine whether managers realize these potential gains occurring from their accounting choices. After controlling for diversification needs and stock price impact, we find no significant evidence of higher option exercises by executives in the misreported years. However, for firms that are more likely to have made deliberate aggressive accounting choices, we find significant evidence of higher option exercises. For these firms, option exercises are higher by 20% to 60% in comparison to industry and size matched non-restating firms. Options exercises by executives are also increasing in the magnitude of the restatement as captured by the effect of the restatement on net income. These higher option exercises tend to be more pervasive and are not just confined to the CEO and CFO of the firm.
Pressure pain thresholds of upper limb peripheral nerve trunks in asymptomatic subjects.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Palpation of peripheral nerve trunks has been advocated as a method of assessing the presence of hyperalgesic nerve tissue as a contributing factor to pain syndromes in musculoskeletal disorders of the upper quadrant. This study investigated, in the first instance, the pressure pain thresholds of the median, radial and ulnar nerve trunks of the upper limb in healthy, asymptomatic subjects. METHOD Forty-five male and 50 female healthy volunteer subjects participated in this study which involved measurement of pressure pain thresholds by use of pressure algometry bilaterally over the three peripheral nerve trunks in the upper limbs. RESULTS Pressure pain thresholds were shown to be lowest in the median nerve (p = 0.001) and lower in female subjects (p = 0.001). Laterality (p = 0.077) or the age of the subject (p = 0.254) did not significantly influence results. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated differences in pressure pain thresholds in the three nerve trunks of the upper limb. These findings should be taken into account when interpreting the findings of nerve palpation in musculoskeletal upper quadrant disorders.
Stress Distribution Around a Semi-Circular Edge-Notch in a Finite Size Laminated Composite Plate Under Uniaxial Tension

A computationally efficient finite element model that can provide accurate numerical solutions to the problem of a semi-circular edge-notch in a finite size laminated composite plate under uniaxial tension is presented. Numerical results showing the effect of composite material proper ties and laminate designs on the stress field are also presented and discussed.
Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios: are they useful for predicting gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy?

Objective We aimed to investigate whether the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) could be utilized to screen for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Subjects and methods NLR and PLR were assessed by retrospective analysis of 762 healthy and pregnant women with GDM. The patients were stratified into four groups, as follows: GDM (n=144), impaired glucose tolerance (n=76), only screen positive (n=238), and control (n=304). Results The leukocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts were significantly higher in the study groups compared with the control group (P=0.001; P<0.01). There were no statistically significant differences between the groups with respect to the NLR and PLR (P>0.05). Conclusion We do not recommend that blood NLR and PLR can be used to screen for GDM. However, increase in the leukocyte count is an important marker for GDM as it provides evidence of subclinical inflammation.
Mucosal-Associated Invariant T Cell Is a Potential Marker to Distinguish Fibromyalgia Syndrome from Arthritis

Background Fibromyalgia (FM) is defined as a widely distributed pain. While many rheumatologists and pain physicians have considered it to be a pain disorder, psychiatry, psychology, and general medicine have deemed it to be a syndrome (FMS) or psychosomatic disorder. The lack of concrete structural and/or pathological evidence has made patients suffer prejudice that FMS is a medically unexplained symptom, implying inauthenticity. Furthermore, FMS often exhibits comorbidity with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) or spondyloarthritis (SpA), both of which show similar indications. In this study, disease specific biomarkers were sought in blood samples from patients to facilitate objective diagnoses of FMS, and distinguish it from RA and SpA. Methods Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients and healthy donors (HD) were subjected to multicolor flow cytometric analysis. The percentage of mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells in PBMCs and the mean fluorescent intensity (MFI) of cell surface antigen expression in MAIT cells were analyzed. Results There was a decrease in the MAIT cell population in FMS, RA, and SpA compared with HD. Among the cell surface antigens in MAIT cells, three chemokine receptors, CCR4, CCR7, and CXCR1, a natural killer (NK) receptor, NKp80, a signaling lymphocyte associated molecule (SLAM) family, CD150, a degrunulation marker, CD107a, and a coreceptor, CD8β emerged as potential biomarkers for FMS to distinguish from HD. Additionally, a memory marker, CD44 and an inflammatory chemokine receptor, CXCR1 appeared possible markers for RA, while a homeostatic chemokine receptor, CXCR4 deserved for SpA to differentiate from FMS. Furthermore, the drug treatment interruption resulted in alternation of the expression of CCR4, CCR5, CXCR4, CD27, CD28, inducible costimulatory molecule (ICOS), CD127 (IL-7 receptor α), CD94, NKp80, an activation marker, CD69, an integrin family member, CD49d, and a dipeptidase, CD26, in FMS. Conclusions Combined with the currently available diagnostic procedures and criteria, analysis of MAIT cells offers a more objective standard for the diagnosis of FMS, RA, and SpA, which exhibit multifaceted and confusingly similar clinical manifestations.
Individual preference rankings compatible with prices, income distributions and total resources

The compatibility of a given ranking with a dataset consisting of prices, income distributions and total resources is shown to be equivalent to the existence of a solution to a set of linear equalities and inequalities. Their structure makes their solution easier to compute than the solutions of Afriat’s inequalities that characterize the rationalizability of a finite set of individual consumption data. Exploiting this structure, we also give new proofs of the rationalizability of finite data sets where total resources are close to being collinear and the contractibility and pathconnectedness of the set that consists of rationalizable finite datasets.
Effect of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Response of Oxidative Stress and Muscle Damage Indicators in Male Runners

Background: Heavy exercise cause muscle damage associated with very-high production of free radicals. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of acute and 14-day coenzyme Q10 supplementation on oxidative stress and muscle damage indicator in elite male middle-distance runners. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 18 male runners in a randomly and double-blind design were allocated in two equal groups: supplement Q10 group (n = 9, coenzyme Q10: 5 mg/kg/day) and placebo group (n = 9, dextrose: 5 mg/kg/day). Before and after supplementation acute and 14 days period (first and 14th day supplementation), all subjects were participated in a training like running (competitive 3000 meters). Blood samples were obtained in the 4 phases: one hour before and 18 - 24 hours after two running protocols. Malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidation capacity (TAC) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were analyzed. Results: Acute (1 day) and 14 days (short-term) coenzyme Q10 administration have not significant effect on basal parameters. The 14 days coenzyme Q10 supplementation induced increase of the basal plasma total anti-oxidative capacity (P < 0.05). The short-term coenzyme Q10 supplementation attenuated the exercise-induced increase in response of MDA in male group Q10 (P < 0.05). However, the acute and short-term coenzyme Q10 supplementation had not any significant effect on the exercise-induced increase response of total serum LDH. Conclusions: This research suggests that the 14-day coenzyme Q10 supplementation is more effective than the acute supplementation to overcome the exercise-induced adverse responses in some oxidative, and biochemical parameters. Therefore, short-term coenzyme Q10 supplementation is recommended to reduce exercise-induced adverse consequences.
Morning vs evening light treatment of patients with winter depression.

BACKGROUND According to the phase-shift hypothesis for winter depression, morning light (which causes a circadian phase advance) should be more antidepressant than evening light (which causes a delay). Although no studies have shown evening light to be more antidepressant than morning light, investigations have shown either no difference or morning light to be superior. The present study assesses these light-exposure schedules in both crossover and parallel-group comparisons. METHODS Fifty-one patients and 49 matched controls were studied for 6 weeks. After a prebaseline assessment and a light/dark and sleep/wake adaptation baseline week, subjects were exposed to bright light at either 6 to 8 AM or 7 to 9 PM for 2 weeks. After a week of withdrawal from light treatment, they were crossed over to the other light schedule. Dim-light melatonin onsets were obtained 7 times during the study to assess circadian phase position. RESULTS Morning light phase-advanced the dim-light melatonin onset and was more antidepressant than evening light, which phase-delayed it. These findings were statistically significant for both crossover and parallel-group comparisons. Dim-light melatonin onsets were generally delayed in the patients compared with the controls. CONCLUSIONS These results should help establish the importance of circadian (morning or evening) time of light exposure in the treatment of winter depression. We recommend that bright-light exposure be scheduled immediately on awakening in the treatment of most patients with seasonal affective disorder.
Manipulations of MeCP2 in glutamatergic neurons highlight their contributions to Rett and other neurological disorders

Many postnatal onset neurological disorders such as autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) and intellectual disability are thought to arise largely from disruption of excitatory/inhibitory homeostasis. Although mouse models of Rett syndrome (RTT), a postnatal neurological disorder caused by loss-of-function mutations in MECP2, display impaired excitatory neurotransmission, the RTT phenotype can be largely reproduced in mice simply by removing MeCP2 from inhibitory GABAergic neurons. To determine what role excitatory signaling impairment might play in RTT pathogenesis, we generated conditional mouse models with Mecp2 either removed from or expressed solely in glutamatergic neurons. MeCP2 deficiency in glutamatergic neurons leads to early lethality, obesity, tremor, altered anxiety-like behaviors, and impaired acoustic startle response, which is distinct from the phenotype of mice lacking MeCP2 only in inhibitory neurons. These findings reveal a role for excitatory signaling impairment in specific neurobehavioral abnormalities shared by RTT and other postnatal neurological disorders. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.14199. 001
Tumor volume and lymphovascular space invasion as a prognostic factor in early invasive adenocarcinoma of the cervix

Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the risk and recurrence of early invasive adenocarcinoma of the cervix, and to determine whether non-radical methods of management could be performed. Methods The medical and histopathological records of 50 patients with early invasive adenocarcinoma of the cervix treated at Keio University Hospital between 1993 and 2005 were reviewed, and compared with the literature. Results The median follow-up period was 64.3 months. The depth of stromal invasion was ≤3 mm in 33 cases and >3 mm, but ≤5 mm in 17 cases. The horizontal spread was ≤7 mm in 25 cases and >7 mm in 25 cases. One of the 33 cases that had tumor volumes of ≤500 mm3, and three of the 17 cases with tumor volumes of >500 mm3 were positive for lymph node metastasis. When our data were combined with previously reported results, statistically significant differences were observed between the tumor volume and the frequency of pelvic lymph node metastasis/the rate of recurrence (p<0.0001). The frequency of pelvic lymph node metastases was significantly higher in the lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI)-positive group than in the LVSI-negative group (p=0.02). No adnexal metastasis or parametrial involvement was noted. Conclusion Assessment of the depth of stromal invasion, tumor volume, and LVSI is critical for selecting an appropriate therapeutic modality. Non-radical methods of management are considered suitable for patients with LVSI-negative adenocarcinoma of the cervix exhibiting a stromal invasion depth of ≤5 mm and a tumor volume of ≤500 mm3.
Cervical assessment in women with hysteroscopic uterine septum resection: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract Objective: To estimate whether cervical length measured by transvaginal ultrasonography in women with a history of hysteroscopic uterine septum resection predicts spontaneous preterm birth <35 weeks’ gestation. Methods: This retrospective cohort study compared women who had undergone hysteroscopic metroplasty, and were subsequently pregnant with singleton gestations delivered January 2003 to December 2012, to a low-risk control group. Transvaginal ultrasonographic cervical lengths were measured 16–30 weeks’ gestation. The primary outcome was spontaneous preterm birth <35 weeks’ gestation and the primary exposure variable of interest was cervical length. Results: Women with a uterine septum resected (N = 24) had a shorter cervical length (2.90 cm) than the low-risk control group (N = 141, 4.31 cm, p < 0.0001); and were more likely to have a cervical length <3.0 cm (41.7% versus 1.4%, p < 0.0001), <2.5 cm (33.3% versus 0%, p < 0.0001), <2.0 cm (16.7% versus 0%, p < 0.0001) and <1.5 cm (12.5% versus 0%, p = 0.003). Women with septum resected were more likely to receive corticosteroids (33.3% versus 11.3%, p = 0.010), but were not more likely to have a spontaneous preterm birth <35 weeks (4.2% versus 0.7%, p = 0.27). There were no differences noted in secondary outcomes including neonatal morbidity. Conclusion: Pregnant women with a history of a hysteroscopic uterine septum resection have shorter cervical lengths than low-risk controls but may not be at a higher risk of spontaneous preterm birth <35 weeks’ gestation. Further research with a larger sample size is needed to evaluate this group of women to determine if transvaginal ultrasonographic cervical length assessment is of benefit.
Evidence for a role of early oestrogens in the central processing of sexually relevant olfactory cues in female mice

We previously found that female aromatase knockout (ArKO) mice showed less investigation of socially relevant odours as well as reduced sexual behaviour. We now ask whether these behavioural deficits might be due to an inadequate processing of odours in female ArKO mice. Therefore, we exposed female ArKO mice to same‐ and opposite‐sex urinary odours and determined the expression of the immediate early gene c‐Fos along the main and accessory olfactory projection pathways. We included ArKO males in the present study as we previously observed that they show female‐typical detection thresholds of urinary odours, suggesting a role for perinatal oestrogens in these behavioural responses. No sex or genotype differences were observed in the olfactory bulb after urine exposure. By contrast, sex differences in c‐Fos responses were observed in wild‐type (WT) mice following exposure to male urine in the more central regions of the olfactory pathway; only WT females showed a significant Fos induction in the amygdala, central medial pre‐optic area and ventromedial hypothalamus. However, ArKO females did not show a c‐Fos response to male odours in the ventromedial hypothalamus, suggesting that the processing of male odours is affected in ArKO females and thus that oestrogens may be necessary for the development of neural responses to sexually relevant odours in female mice. By contrast, c‐Fos responses to either male or oestrous female urine were very similar between ArKO and WT males, pointing to a central role of androgen vs. oestrogen signalling in the male circuits that control olfactory investigation and preferences.
A Theoretical Model for Frequency Response of a Cylindrical Resonator Antenna With the ${HE}_{11\delta }$ Mode Splitting Behavior

This paper presents a theoretical model of a cylindrical hybrid resonator antenna. The hybrid resonator consists of an annular ring ferrite and a cylindrical dielectric with a dc magnetic bias field, applied in direction parallel to the antenna height. The <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${HE}_{11\delta }$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mode splitting behavior caused by tensor nature of the permeability of a biased ferrite is investigated. To validate the proposed approximate analysis, an experimental investigation of an antenna loaded with a biased ferrite is also presented. The presented theory is shown to demonstrate the measured results. The antenna is found to be used as frequency, bandwidth, and polarization tunable antenna. The operating frequency can be chosen in the range from 9.07 to 9.84 GHz. In addition, the bandwidth can be extended from 7.3% to 12.7%. The polarization can be switched from linear to circular. The features mentioned earlier can be achieved by applying the appropriate magnetic field due to the <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">${\mathbf {HE}}_{\mathbf {11\delta }}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> mode splitting behavior. The theoretical model, the design process, and the measured results are presented in detail. The antenna is also found to be capable of tuning the operating frequency as well as the frequency tuning range without changing the overall size of the resonator.
Meeting Report: Measuring Endocrine-Sensitive Endpoints within the First Years of Life

An international workshop titled “Assessing Endocrine-Related Endpoints within the First Years of Life” was held 30 April–1 May 2007, in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Representatives from a number of pregnancy cohort studies in North America and Europe presented options for measuring various endocrine-sensitive endpoints in early life and discussed issues related to performing and using those measures. The workshop focused on measuring reproductive tract developmental endpoints [e.g., anogenital distance (AGD)], endocrine status, and infant anthropometry. To the extent possible, workshop participants strove to develop or recommend standardized measurements that would allow comparisons and pooling of data across studies. The recommended outcomes include thigh fat fold, breast size, vaginal cytology, AGD, location of the testis, testicular size, and growth of the penis, with most of the discussion focusing on the genital exam. Although a number of outcome measures recommended during the genital exam have been associated with exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals, little is known about how predictive these effects are of later reproductive health or other chronic health conditions.
When to manage risks in IS projects: An exploratory analysis of longitudinal risk reports

Research attributes the mixed performance of IS projects to a poor understanding of risks and thus limited capabilities to manage such risks. In line with others, we argue that the poor understanding of risks is partly due to the fact, that current research almost exclusively concentrates on which risks are important in IS projects. In contrast to this static view, we focus on the temporal aspect of project risks, i.e., we explore when risks become more or less important during a project. In doing so, we analyze an archive of risk reports of completed enterprise software projects. Project managers regularly issued the risk reports to communicate the status of the particular project. Our findings are as follows: First, risk exposure and thus the perceived importance of risk types does vary over project phases. Second, the volatility of risk exposure varies over risk types and project phases. Third, risks of various origin exhibit synchronous changes in risk exposure over time. From a research perspective, these findings substantiate the need for a temporal perspective on IS project risks. Thus, we suggest augmenting the predominant static view on project risks to help project managers in focusing their scarce resources. From a practical perspective, we highlight the benefits of regularly performing risk management throughout projects and constantly analyzing the project portfolio. In sum, we provide a first time, descriptive and exploratory view on variations in project risk assessments over time. Keywordsmanagement, project failure, software project management.