Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Artemis interacts with the Cul4A-DDB1DDB2 ubiquitin E3 ligase and regulates degradation of the CDK inhibitor p27

Artemis, a member of the SNM1 gene family, is a multifunctional phospho-protein that has been shown to have important roles in V(D)J recombination, DNA double strand break repair, and stress-induced cell-cycle checkpoint regulation. We show here that Artemis interacts with the Cul4A-DDB1 E3 ubiquitin ligase via a direct interaction with the substrate-specificity receptor DDB2. Furthermore, Artemis also interacts with the CDK inhibitor and tumor suppressor p27, a substrate of the Cul4A-DDB1 ligase, and both DDB2 and Artemis are required for the degradation of p27 mediated by this complex. We also show that the regulation of p27 by Artemis and DDB2 is important for cell cycle progression in normally proliferating cells and in response to serum deprivation. These findings thus define a function for Artemis as an effector of Cullin-based E3 ligase-mediated ubiquitylation, demonstrate a novel pathway for the regulation of p27, and show that Cul4A-DDB1DDB2-Artemis regulates G1 phase cell cycle progression in mammalian cells.
The concealed granite massif of Eichigt−Schönbrunn (Vogtland, Germany): Petrography, mineralogy, geochemistry and age of the Eichigt apical intrusion

The Eichigt granite is one of two apical intrusions forming the concealed massif of Eichigt−Schönbrunn in the Erzgebirge−Vogtland metallogenic province of Germany. It represents a peraluminuous, medium-grained, Si-rich biotite monzoto syenogranite of aluminuous A-type affinity and post-collisional (-orogenic) tectonic setting, which belongs to the group of medium-F, low-P Variscan granites of the Erzgebirge. Mineralogically and geochemically, the Eichigt granite shows the closest affinity to the Gottesberg subvolcanic microgranite/rhyolite complex some 25 km north-east of the massif. The granites contain phenocrysts of quartz and K-feldspar and sporadically accessory topaz and andalusite. A special feature is the presence of accessory primary fergusonite-(Y) and secondary synchysite-(Ce). Minor amounts of quartz, K-feldspar, and siderophyllite likely represent antecrysts, i.e., crystallized from a lesser silicic forerunner magma. These observations attest to the operation of magma mingling during the formation of the Eichigt granite. Calculation of Th−U−total Pb uraninite ages proves that the Eichigt and Schönbrunn granites are coeval and emplaced at about 306 ± 3 Ma (2σ), i.e., were formed during the same magmatic episode as the northwesterly Henneberg granite in Thuringia und the microgranite/rhyolith suite at Gottesberg and the Seiffen granite in the Erzgebirge−Vogtland. Geochemical data and mineralogical features do not lend support a genetical relation between the Eichigt−Schönbrunn granites and the spatially associated Sn-polymetallic veins.
Monitoring Bacterial Transport by Stable Isotope Enrichment of Cells

ABSTRACT Understanding the transport and behavior of bacteria in the environment has broad implications in diverse areas, ranging from agriculture to groundwater quality, risk assessment, and bioremediation. The ability to reliably track and enumerate specific bacterial populations in the context of native communities and environments is key to developing this understanding. We report a novel bacterial tracking approach, based on altering the stable carbon isotope value (δ13C) of bacterial cells, which provides specific and sensitive detection and quantification of those cells in environmental samples. This approach was applied to the study of bacterial transport in saturated porous media. The transport of introduced organisms was indicated by mass spectrometric analysis of groundwater samples, where the presence of 13C-enriched bacteria resulted in increased δ13C values of the samples, allowing specific and sensitive detection and enumeration of the bacteria of interest. We demonstrate the ability to produce highly13C-enriched bacteria, present data indicating that results obtained with this approach accurately represent intact introduced bacteria, and include field data on the use of this stable isotope approach to monitor in situ bacterial transport. This detection strategy allows sensitive detection of an introduced, unmodified bacterial strain in the presence of the indigenous bacterial community, including itself in its unenriched form.
Governance Choice for Strategic Corporate Social Responsibility

The decision to internalize corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities, to buy (outsource) them in the form of corporate philanthropy, or to collaborate with other organizations is of great significance to the ability of the firm to reap benefits from such activity. Using insights provided by organizational economics and the resource-based view of the firm, this article describes how CSR centrality affects governance choice. This framework is tested using data collected from Central America. The findings suggest that the higher the centrality of CSR activities to the firms’ mission, the more likely that the firms will engage in CSR internally. The article discusses directions for further research and concludes with the managerial implications of this research.
Etude de la propagation des vagues au-dessus d'une bathymétrie complexe en zone de surf

L'objectif de cette these est l'etude des transformations des vagues en zone de surf en environnement oceanique domine par les vagues a partir de donnees collectees dans le milieu naturel. Ce travail a permis d'acquerir une base de donnees hydrodynamiques complete des conditions rencontrees sur la cote Aquitaine. Ces donnees forment egalement une base de donnees pour l'etude en milieu naturel de processus physiques non lineaires et permettront de valider des modeles hydrodynamiques en cours de developpement. Les donnees ont ete analysees avec deux approches. L'approche dite " moyennee " ou " integree " a permis de determiner les parametres qui controlent l'energie des vagues en zone de surf mais egalement de proposer une parametrisation de l'energie des vagues pour le cas d'une plage " lineaire " (ne presentant pas de barres). Ces resultats montrent en particulier la difficulte theorique actuelle a correctement caracteriser l'echelle temporelle (ou periode) entre deux fronts dissipant. Cette parametrisation est deja utilisee dans des modeles hydrodynamiques de courant induits par les vagues. L'approche dite " hautes frequences " a permis d'etudier le processus d'appariement de fronts d'ondes mais egalement le processus de generation puis de liberation des harmoniques lorsque les vagues se propagent au dessus d'un systeme de barre sableuse. Ces deux processus ont pour effet de significativement modifier la periode moyenne des vagues sur une distance de l'ordre de quelques longueurs d'ondes. Cette approche a egalement permis d'etudier la structure et les transferts d'energie vers les ondes longues (< 0. 05 Hz) et de montrer le couplage avec la topographie de la plage.
Assessment of pharmacokinetic drug‐drug interaction between pradigastat and atazanavir or probenecid

Pradigastat, a novel diacylglycerol acyltransferase‐1 inhibitor, has activity in common metabolic diseases associated with abnormal accumulation of triglycerides. In vitro studies suggest that glucuronidation is the predominant metabolism pathway for elimination of pradigastat in humans and confirmed the role of uridine 5'‐diphosphoglucuronosyltransferase (UGT) enzymes, UGT1A1, ‐1A3, and ‐2B7. The in vitro studies using atazanavir as a selective inhibitor of UGT1A1 and ‐1A3 indicated that these enzymes contribute ∼55% toward the overall glucuronidation pathway. Therefore, a clinical study was conducted to assess the potential for drug interaction between pradigastat and probenecid (purported general UGT inhibitor) or atazanavir (selective UGT1A1, ‐1A3 inhibitor). The study included 2 parallel cohorts, each with 3 sequential treatment periods and 22 healthy subjects per cohort. The 90%CI of the geometric mean ratios for Cmax,ss and AUCτ,ss of pradigastat were within 0.80–1.25 when administered in combination with probenecid. However, the Cmax,ss and AUCτ,ss of pradigastat decreased by 31% (90%CI: 0.62–0.78) and 26% (0.67–0.82), respectively, when administered in combination with atazanavir. This magnitude of decrease in pradigastat steady‐state exposure is not considered clinically relevant. Pradigastat was well tolerated by all subjects, either alone or in combination with atazanavir or probenecid.
Developing an Infrastructure for Sharing Environmental Models

The Internet and the World Wide Web offer a new solution to the problem of sharing scientific knowledge. Unlike traditional libraries based on print media, these new technologies facilitate the sharing of any information that can be expressed in a binary alphabet. Environmental models expressed as computer codes are instances of such information objects, and codes are the last of a four-stage process of model formulation. The transition to digital technologies changes the relative importance of the four stages. We present a six-stage model of the process of searching for information in distributed digital libraries. Search is made possible by metadata, which serve several distinct purposes, including description of the contents of information objects and their fitness for specified use, and the details needed to make use of information objects once accessed and retrieved. We present a straw-man structure for model metadata, explain the process used in its development, and invite its evaluation.
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Used As Probiotic: Strains Characterization And Cell Viability

The assay aimed to evaluate the cell viability of commercial yeast strains for bakery purpose in comparison to a selected strain (Yea-Sacc® 1026 , Alltech®) indicated as a probiotic to be added to animal feed, promising yield gains. The objective of this first study was to check the number of viable cells, once the indicated product to be classified as probiotic needs to provide live cells. We tested the viability of one commercial probiotic strain (Yea-Sacc® 1026 ) in comparison to four bakery commercial yeast. Our results showed a low viability of the probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae , which was 7.7 % and the bakery yeasts around 35 % of viable cells. The sustainability calls for alternative sources for animal feeding and the use of microorganisms is very welcome in the livestock chain, provided that the product presented has the characteristics inherent to it.
Fully Convolutional Attention Localization Networks: Efficient Attention Localization for Fine-Grained Recognition

Fine-grained recognition is challenging mainly because the inter-class differences between fine-grained classes are usually local and subtle while intra-class differences could be large due to pose variations. In order to distinguish them from intra-class variations, it is essential to zoom in on highly discriminative local regions. In this work, we introduce a reinforcement learning-based fully convolutional attention localization network to adaptively select multiple task-driven visual attention regions. We show that zooming in on the selected attention regions significantly improves the performance of fine-grained recognition. Compared to previous reinforcement learning-based models, the proposed approach is noticeably more computationally efficient during both training and testing because of its fully-convolutional architecture, and it is capable of simultaneous focusing its glimpse on multiple visual attention regions. The experiments demonstrate that the proposed method achieves notably higher classification accuracy on three benchmark fine-grained recognition datasets: Stanford Dogs, Stanford Cars, and CUB-200-2011.
An Infrastructure for Managing Semantic Documents

Software Documentation is an important mean for stakeholders to collaborate in the software development context. However, several works point out that gathering relevant information from different documents can be so wearing that involved people may tend not to do it. Combining ontologies and documents by adding semantic annotations to documents can help diminish the burden of gathering information later on. However, this approach also adds an overhead in documentation, concerning the time spent on document annotation. In order to overcome some of these obstacles, we developed an infrastructure for managing semantic documents, combining semantic annotation on document templates, versioning data extracted from semantic documents and notifying interested people when extracted data has changed.
Summer bat activity at Woodland seasonal pools in the northern Great Lakes region

Woodland seasonal pools in the northern Great Lakes region, limited in this study to northern Wisconsin and Michigan’s Upper Peninsula, are potentially important sites for bat feeding and drinking. In order to determine the influence of pool size, hydroperiod, and structural complexity on relative bat activity, I surveyed pools (17 in 2004, eight in 2005 and 2006) at approximately two-week intervals throughout the summer, documenting bat species use with mist nets and AnaBat II echolocation recording systems. In 189 mist net-nights over three summers, I captured 114 individuals and identified 21,591 AnaBat call sequences. Little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) dominated the captures (75.4%) and AnaBat call sequences (83.3%). Northern myotis (M. septentrionalis) were less common (19.3% of captures, 6.4% of identified call sequences) but ubiquitous across pools. Four additional species (Lasiurus borealis, L. cinereus, Eptesicus fuscus, and Lasionycteris noctivagans) were more commonly documented at larger pools. Across all years, relative bat activity (as estimated by call sequences per night) was significantly influenced by pool size (more activity at small and large pools than medium pools) and covaried with the proportion of water remaining in the pool. My study emphasizes the utility of pools of all sizes to bats, as larger-bodied bats preferentially use larger pools, while smaller-bodied Myotis spp. are capable of foraging at pools of all sizes. Relative activity of all species was secondarily driven by pool hydroperiod, as the number of bat call sequences per night decreased as the amount of open water declined.
Best Clinical Practice in Botulinum Toxin Treatment for Children with Cerebral Palsy

Botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) is considered a safe and effective therapy for children with cerebral palsy (CP), especially in the hands of experienced injectors and for the majority of children. Recently, some risks have been noted for children with Gross Motor Classification Scale (GMFCS) of IV and the risks are substantial for level V. Recommendations for treatment with BoNT-A have been published since 1993, with continuous optimisation and development of new treatment concepts. This leads to modifications in the clinical decision making process, indications, injection techniques, assessments, and evaluations. This article summarises the state of the art of BoNT-A treatment in children with CP, based mainly on the literature and expert opinions by an international paediatric orthopaedic user group. BoNT-A is an important part of multimodal management, to support motor development and improve function when the targeted management of spasticity in specific muscle groups is clinically indicated. Individualised assessment and treatment are essential, and should be part of an integrated approach chosen to support the achievement of motor milestones. To this end, goals should be set for both the long term and for each injection cycle. The correct choice of target muscles is also important; not all spastic muscles need to be injected. A more focused approach needs to be established to improve function and motor development, and to prevent adverse compensations and contractures. Furthermore, the timeline of BoNT-A treatment extends from infancy to adulthood, and treatment should take into account the change in indications with age.
A hyperparasite affects the population dynamics of a wild plant pathogen

Assessing the impact of natural enemies of plant and animal pathogens on their host's population dynamics is needed to determine the role of hyperparasites in affecting disease dynamics, and their potential for use in efficient control strategies of pathogens. Here, we focus on the long‐term study describing metapopulation dynamics of an obligate pathogen, the powdery mildew (Podosphaera plantaginis) naturally infecting its wild host plant (Plantago lanceolata) in the fragmented landscape of the Åland archipelago (southwest Finland). Regionally, the pathogen persists through a balance of extinctions and colonizations, yet factors affecting extinction rates remain poorly understood. Mycoparasites of the genus Ampelomyces appear as good candidates for testing the role of a hyperparasite, i.e. a parasite of other parasites, in the regulation of their fungal hosts' population dynamics. For this purpose, we first designed a quantitative PCR assay for detection of Ampelomyces spp. in field‐collected samples. This newly developed molecular test was then applied to a large‐scale sampling within the Åland archipelago, revealing that Ampelomyces is a widespread hyperparasite in this system, with high variability in prevalence among populations. We found that the hyperparasite was more common on leaves where multiple powdery mildew strains coexist, a pattern that may be attributed to differential exposure. Moreover, the prevalence of Ampelomyces at the plant level negatively affected the overwinter survival of its fungal host. We conclude that this hyperparasite may likely impact on its host population dynamics and argue for increased focus on the role of hyperparasites in disease dynamics.
Simultaneous determination of arginine, citrulline, and asymmetric dimethylarginine in plasma by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography

Background: Arginine, citrulline and asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) are three molecules in the nitric oxide (NO) pathway which provide useful information about vascular endothelial function. ADMA accumulates with patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and inhibits NO synthesis. We describe the modification of a previously established method for the measurement of amino acids analysis for simultaneous detection of arginine, citrulline, and ADMA in plasma and to validate its performance in patients with CKD. Materials and Methods: Arginine, citrulline, and ADMA were simultaneously separated by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography by precolumn derivatization with O-phthalaldehyde using the modified method. It was then applied for analysis in thirty patients with CKD and thirty healthy controls so as to cover the entire measuring range, i.e., normal and uremic range. Results: The method showed a good performance in terms of linearity, precision, and recovery. The detection limit of the assay for ADMA was found to be 0.05 μmol/L at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3:1. The average within run coefficient of variation for ADMA using this method was 4.7% in the normal range and 1.9% in the uremic range, while the average between-day precision in the normal and uremic range was 6.5% and 5.2%, respectively. Patients with CKD were found to have higher concentration of ADMA compared to controls. Conclusion: This method can be useful in assessing the baseline cardiovascular risk in an individual as well as in the follow-up of the patients who are receiving L-arginine, and thus, assess the response to treatment by simultaneous measurement of arginine and ADMA.
Molecular Cloning, Tissue-specific Expression, and Cellular Localization of Human Prostasin mRNA (*)

We have purified a novel human serine proteinase, designated as prostasin, from seminal fluid (Yu et al., 1994). In the present study, we have cloned and characterized the full-length cDNA encoding prostasin and identified its tissue-specific expression and cellular localization. A cDNA fragment was obtained by polymerase chain reaction using degenerate oligonucleotide primers derived from the NH2-terminal and internal amino acid sequences. A full-length cDNA sequence encoding prostasin was obtained by amplification of the 5′- and 3′-ends of the cDNA. It contains a 1,032-base coding region, a 572-base 3′-noncoding region and a 138-base 5′-noncoding sequence. Prostasin cDNA encodes a protein of 343 amino acids, which consists of a 32-amino acid signal peptide and a 311-amino acid proprostasin. Proprostasin is then cleaved between Arg and Ile to generate a 12-amino acid light chain and a 299-amino acid heavy chain, which are associated through a disulfide bond. The deduced amino acid sequence of the heavy chain has 34-42% identity to human acrosin, plasma kallikrein, and hepsin. A potential N-glycosylation site at Asn and the catalytic triad of His, Asp, and Ser have been identified. The deduced prostasin has a unique 19-amino acid hydrophobic portion at the COOH terminus, which makes it suitable to anchor in the cell membrane. Carboxyl-terminal sequencing of purified prostasin indicates that the hydrophobic portion is removed and that there is a cleavage between Arg and Pro during secretion. Southern blot analysis, following a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, indicates that prostasin mRNA is expressed in prostate, liver, salivary gland, kidney, lung, pancreas, colon, bronchus, renal proximal tubular cells, and prostate carcinoma LNCaP cells. Cellular localization of prostasin mRNA was identified within epithelial cells of the human prostate gland by in situ hybridization histochemistry.
Cytotoxic Activities of Physalis minima L. Chloroform Extract on Human Lung Adenocarcinoma NCI-H23 Cell Lines by Induction of Apoptosis

Physalis minima L. is reputed for having anticancer property. In this study, the chloroform extract of this plant exhibited remarkable cytotoxic activities on NCI-H23 (human lung adenocarcinoma) cell line at dose- and time-dependent manners (after 24, 48 and 72 h of incubation). Analysis of cell-death mechanism demonstrated that the extract exerted apoptotic programed cell death in NCI-H23 cells with typical DNA fragmentation, which is a biochemical hallmark of apoptosis. Morphological observation using transmission electron microscope (TEM) also displayed apoptotic characteristics in the treated cells, including clumping and margination of chromatins, followed by convolution of the nuclear and budding of the cells to produce membrane-bound apoptotic bodies. Different stages of apoptotic programed cell death as well as phosphatidylserine externalization were confirmed using annexin V and propidium iodide staining. Furthermore, acute exposure to the extract produced a significant regulation of c-myc, caspase-3 and p53 mRNA expression in this cell line. Due to its apoptotic effect on NCI-H23 cells, it is strongly suggested that the extract could be further developed as an anticancer drug.
Stationary graph signals using an isometric graph translation

We extend the concept of stationary temporal signals to stationary graph signals. Doing so, we introduce the concept of strict sense stationary and wide sense stationary graph signals as a statistical invariance through an isometric graph translation operator. Using these definitions, we propose a spectral characterisation of WSS graph signals allowing to study stationarity using only the spectral components of a graph signal. Finally, we apply this characterisation on a synthetic graph in order to study a few important stochastic graph signals. Also, using geographic data, we study weather readings on a graph of weather stations and show evidence of stationarity in the temperature readings.