Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Capacity Regions for Broadcast Channels With Degraded Message Sets and Message Cognition Under Different Secrecy Constraints

This paper considers a three-receiver broadcast channel with degraded message sets and message cognition. The model consists of a common message for all three receivers, a private common message for only two receivers and two additional private messages for these two receivers, such that each receiver is only interested in one message, while being fully cognizant of the other one. First, this model is investigated without any secrecy constraints, where the capacity region is established. This result implies that the straightforward extension of K\"orner and Marton inner bound to the investigated scenario is optimal. In particular, this agrees with Nair and Wang result, which states that the idea of indirect decoding -introduced to improve K\"orner and Marton inner bound- does not provide a better region for this scenario. Further, some secrecy constraints are introduced by letting the private messages to be confidential ones. Two different secrecy criteria are considered: joint secrecy and individual secrecy. For both criteria, a general achievable rate region is provided, in addition to establishing the secrecy capacity regions, if the two legitimate receivers are more capable than the eavesdropper. The established capacity regions indicate that the individual secrecy criterion can provide a larger capacity region as compared to the joint one, because the cognizant messages can be used as a secret keys for the other messages. Moreover, the joint secrecy capacity is established for a more general class of more capable channels, where only one of the two legitimate receivers is more capable than the eavesdropper by proving the optimality of the principle of indirect decoding introduced by Nair and El Gamal for this class of channels. This result is in contrast with the non-secrecy case, where the indirect decoding does not provide any gain.
A Model Ni–Al–Mo Superalloy Studied by Ultraviolet Pulsed-Laser-Assisted Local-Electrode Atom-Probe Tomography

Abstract This study investigates the effects of the charge-state ratio of evaporated ions on the accuracy of local-electrode atom-probe (LEAP) tomographic compositional and structural analyses, which employs a picosecond ultraviolet pulsed laser. Experimental results demonstrate that the charge-state ratio is a better indicator of the best atom-probe tomography (APT) experimental conditions compared with laser pulse energy. The thermal tails in the mass spectra decrease significantly, and the mass resolving power (m/Δm) increases by 87.5 and 185.7% at full-width half-maximum and full-width tenth-maximum, respectively, as the laser pulse energy is increased from 5 to 30 pJ/pulse. The measured composition of this alloy depends on the charge-state ratio of the evaporated ions, and the most accurate composition is obtained when Ni2+/Ni+ is in the range of 0.3–20. The γ(f.c.c.)/γ'(L12) interface is quantitatively more diffuse when determined from the measured concentration profiles for higher laser pulse energies. Conclusions of the APT compositional and structural analyses utilizing the same suitable charge-state ratio are more comparable than those collected with the same laser pulse energy.
Lack of Detection of Xenotropic Murine Leukemia Virus-Related Virus in HIV-1 Lymphoma Patients

Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) is a gammaretrovirus reported to be associated with human prostate cancer and chronic fatigue syndrome. Since retroviruses cause various cancers, and XMRV replication might be facilitated by HIV-1 co-infection, we asked whether certain patients with HIV-associated lymphomas are infected with XMRV. Analysis of PMBCs and plasma from 26 patients failed to detect XMRV by PCR, ELISA, or Western blot, suggesting a lack of association between XMRV and AIDS-associated lymphomas.
Cost-effectiveness of the National Health Service abdominal aortic aneurysm screening programme in England

Implementation of the National Health Service abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) screening programme (NAAASP) for men aged 65 years began in England in 2009. An important element of the evidence base supporting its introduction was the economic modelling of the long‐term cost‐effectiveness of screening, which was based mainly on 4‐year follow‐up data from the Multicentre Aneurysm Screening Study (MASS) randomized trial. Concern has been expressed about whether this conclusion of cost‐effectiveness still holds, given the early performance parameters, particularly the lower prevalence of AAA observed in NAAASP.
Integrating Focal Determinants of Service Fairness into Post-Acceptance Model of IS Continuance in Cloud Computing

This study integrates the focal determinants of service fairness into a post-acceptance model of information system continuance. This study added structural and social service fairness constructs based on Greenberg's (1993) focal determinants of organizational justice. The research model seeks to be useful in predicting satisfaction, which enhances continued usage of an IS. The results show that perceived usefulness and satisfaction influence continuance intention, as the post-acceptance model predicts. Structural service fairness significantly enhances satisfaction. However, social service fairness is not significant.
The Most Suitable Scoring Method to Assess Essay Writing in ESL Classrooms

The Malaysian Education Act in 1996 states that the national language which is the Malay language becomes the main medium of instruction in educational institutions and English is accorded the status of a second language. In Malaysian schools, teachers are given the freedom to use their own teaching and assessment methods in assessing their students’ writing. However, majority of the English as a Second Language (ESL) teachers use a scoring method adapted from the Malaysian Examination to assess their students’ writing. For the Malaysian Certificate of Education (SPM) English Language 1119 subject, students are required to write an essay of more than 350 words and they must be eloquent in their writing style with flawless grammatical errors to obtain the highest score for the subject. The purpose of this study was to explore the ESL teachers’ preference towards the most suitable scoring method to assess essay writing in the classrooms. The study used qualitative approach which involved 25 grade 10 ESL teachers at 12 secondary schools in one of the states in Malaysia. The teachers in this study were trained on how to use the three types of scoring method to examine the students’ continuous essay writing based on the three types of scoring methods namely Holistic, Analytical and Primary Traits. After the training, a few teachers were selected to be interviewed to get their perspectives of the three scoring methods used for classroom-based assessment. The research involved multiple data collection methods: verbal protocol, documents in the form of students’ essays and interviews with the teachers. The findings indicated that the majority of the ESL teachers in this study preferred the holistic scoring method over the other two scoring methods due to its time saving characteristic when it involved a large scale marking and the results were needed to be completed within a short period of time. In addition, the ESL teachers in this study liked the idea of having to give overall evaluation of the essays whereby they could identify not only the overall band, but also the strengths and weaknesses of their students’ writing. The teachers discovered that the holistic scoring method helped them to improve their students’ learning as they could evaluate their students’ overall performance.
The history of accounting standards in French-speaking African countries since independence

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to focus on circumvolutions taken by the accounting standard-setting process in French-speaking African countries which have delayed convergence toward IFRS standards and to identify how different factors shape accounting standards in a context in which post-colonial hysteresis interact with globalization. Design/methodology/approach This study uses archival data and interviews with key individual actors. Two case studies from two successive periods are contrasted: the design of the OCAM accounting standards in the 1970s, and the development of the SYSCOA/OHADA accounting standards during the 1990s before the partial adoption of IFRS. Findings The study shows the convergence toward international accounting standards in French-speaking African countries emerged from a complex, multimodal process mingling competition with collaboration and negotiation. They have followed a different path from most English-speaking African countries, where convergence to IAS/IFRS took place earlier and faster. The evidence indicates the significance of the interaction between the ex-colonization and the indigenous accounting standards, the importance of key actors and the level of the educational institutions. Research limitations/implications No African written sources were located. Most of the sources used were French. Practical implications The paper includes implications for the standards setting in developing countries. The examination of the development of accounting rules in French-speaking African countries between 1960 and 2010 shows the complexity of the accounting standards’ diffusion dynamic. Originality/value This study provides novel insights over a 30-year period of accounting standards in French-speaking African countries. This research explains why IFRS have not yet adopted in French-speaking African countries as it was in English-speaking African countries.
Analisis Kemampuan Penalaran Matematis dan Habits Of Mind Siswa SMP Dalam Materi Segiempat Dan Segitiga

ABSTRAK: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kemampuan penalaran matematis dan habits of mind siswa SMP pada materi segiempat dan segitiga. Metode penelitian mengunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Tempat penelitian dilaksanakan di salah satu SMP kota Cimahi pada kelas VII semester genap tahun ajaran 2017-2018. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VII di salah satu SMP kota Cimahi pada materi materi segiempat dan segitiga. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas VII. Untuk memperoleh data penelitian digunakan instrumen berupa tes soal uraian dan angket habits of mind. Hasil penelitian didapat kesimpulan: tingkat kemampuan penalaran matematis siswa dalam penyelesaian masih rendah, kesulitan siswa pada umumnya belum memahami soal dan pemahaman konsep masih rendah dan siswa belum terbiasa berpikir dalam belajar. ABSTRACT: This study aims to analyze the ability of mathematical reasoning and habits of mind of junior high school students in rectangular and triangular material. This researchmethod using qualitative descriptive method. The place of research is conducted in one of junior high school Cimahi in class VII even semester of academic year 2017-2018. The population of this study is the students of class VII in one of junior high school Cimahi on material material quadrilateral and triangle. The subjects of the study were students of class VII. To obtain the research data used the instrument in the form of test description and questionnaire habits of mind. The results of the research concluded: the level of students' mathematical reasoning ability in the settlement is still low, students' difficulties in general have not understood the problem and understanding the concept is still low, students are not used to thinking in learning.
Semi-supervised dependency parsing using generalized tri-training

Martins et al. (2008) presented what to the best of our knowledge still ranks as the best overall result on the CONLL-X Shared Task datasets. The paper shows how triads of stacked dependency parsers described in Martins et al. (2008) can label unlabeled data for each other in a way similar to co-training and produce end parsers that are significantly better than any of the stacked input parsers. We evaluate our system on five datasets from the CONLL-X Shared Task and obtain 10--20% error reductions, incl. the best reported results on four of them. We compare our approach to other semi-supervised learning algorithms.
Timing and Time Perception : A Critical Review of Neural Timing Signatures Before, During, and After the To‐Be‐Timed Interval

This chapter reviews recent human and nonhuman animal studies investigating neural signatures of time estimation. Investigation of the neural correlates of time estimation as measured by electrophysiology, electroencephalography, magnetoencephalography, and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in humans and other animals has largely been focused on the to‐be‐timed period. Climbing neural activity (eg, ramping) originating from the supplementary motor area has been implicated as a primary neural marker that coincides with the development of subjective experience of duration. However, it has recently been questioned whether such climbing neural activity directly reflects the neural mechanism (s) underpinning the sense of time. Given that the neural signatures recorded during the to‐be‐timed period are insufficient to explain various aspects of interval timing.
Analyzing individual performance of source code review using reviewers' eye movement

This paper proposes to use eye movements to characterize the performance of individuals in reviewing source code of computer programs. We first present an integrated environment to measure and record the eye movements of the code reviewers. Based on the fixation data, the environment computes the line number of the source code that the reviewer is currently looking at. The environment can also record and play back how the eyes moved during the review process. We conducted an experiment to analyze 30 review processes (6 programs, 5 subjects) using the environment. As a result, we have identified a particular pattern, called scan, in the subjects' eye movements. Quantitative analysis showed that reviewers who did not spend enough time for the scan tend to take more time for finding defects.
Residual renal function improves outcome in incremental haemodialysis despite reduced dialysis dose.

BACKGROUND AND METHODS The importance of residual renal function is well recognized in peritoneal dialysis but its role in haemodialysis (HD) has received much less attention. We studied 650 incident patients in our incremental high-flux HD programme over a 15-year period. Target total Kt/V urea (dialysis plus residual renal) was 1.2 per session and monitored monthly. Renal urea clearance (KRU) was estimated 1-3 monthly. RESULTS KRU declined during the first 5 years of HD from 3.1 +/- 1.9 at 3 months to 0.9 +/- 1.2 ml/min/1.73 m(2) at 5 years. The percentage of patients with KRU >or= 1 ml/min at these time points was 85% and 31%, respectively. Patients with KRU >or= 1 ml/min had a significantly lower mean creatinine (all time points), ultrafiltration requirement (all time points) and serum potassium (6, 12, 36 and 48 months). Nutritional parameters were also significantly better in respect to nPCR and serum albumin (6, 12, 24 and 36 months). Patients with KRU >or= 1 ml/min had significantly lower erythropoietin requirements and erythropoietin resistance indices (12, 24, 36 and 48 months). Mortality was significantly lower in patients with a KRU >or= 1 at 6, 12 and 24 months after HD initiation, this benefit being maintained after correcting for albumin, age, comorbidities, HDF use and renal diagnosis. Our unique finding was that these benefits occurred despite those with KRU >or= 1 ml/min having a significantly lower dialysis Kt/V at all time points. CONCLUSION The associations demonstrated suggest that residual renal function contributes significantly to outcome in HD patients and that efforts to preserve it are warranted. Comparative outcome studies should be controlled for residual renal function.
A range extending delay-recycled clock skew-compensation and/or duty-cycle-correction circuit

A clock skew-compensation and/or duty-cycle correction circuit (CSADC) is indispensably required to maximize the performance of synchronous double edge triggered systems. Most conventional CSADCs adopted a cascade structure that inherits a lower performance property so as to slower the locking procedure, meanwhile the dual loop design results in more power consumption and design complexity. A range extending delay-recycled CSADC is proposed in this work. Compared to conventional CSADCs, the proposed circuit achieves at least a 2 times extension in bandwidth ratio, a 2.81 times reduction in power, and a 12 times reduction in power-to-bandwidth ratio.
Insulin-like growth factor-I concentration and risk of prostate cancer: results from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition.

BACKGROUND High circulating insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) concentrations have been associated with increased risk for prostate cancer in several prospective epidemiological studies. In this study, we investigate the association between circulating IGF-I concentration and risk of prostate cancer over the long term in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. METHODS In a nested case-control design, 1,542 incident prostate cancer cases from eight European countries were individually matched to 1,542 controls by study center, age at recruitment, duration of follow-up, time of day, and duration of fasting at blood collection. Conditional logistic regression models were used to calculate risk for prostate cancer associated with IGF-I concentration, overall and by various subgroups. RESULTS Circulating IGF-I concentration was associated with a significant increased risk for prostate cancer [OR for highest vs. lowest quartile, 1.69; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.35-2.13; P(trend) = 0.0002]. This positive association did not differ according to duration of follow-up [ORs for highest vs. lowest quartile were 2.01 (1.35-2.99), 1.37 (0.94-2.00), and 1.80 (1.17-2.77) for cancers diagnosed <4, 4-7, and >7 years after blood collection, respectively (P(heterogeneity) = 0.77)] or by stage, grade, and age at diagnosis or age at blood collection (all subgroups P(heterogeneity) >0.05). CONCLUSION In this European population, high circulating IGF-I concentration is positively associated with risk for prostate cancer over the short and long term. IMPACT As IGF-I is the only potentially modifiable risk factor so far identified, research into the effects of reducing circulating IGF-I levels on subsequent prostate cancer risk is warranted.
PENGARUH LINGKUNGAN BELAJAR DAN DISIPLIN BELAJAR TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR KOMPETENSI KEAHLIAN ELEKTRONIKA INDUSTRI DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH KEJURUAN

This study aims to determine the influence between the learning environment and the discipline of learning on the students' learning outcomes of the competence of industrial electronics skills. Student learning outcomes are used as a benchmark of students' abilities. Student learning outcomes are influenced by several factors: internal and external factors. Many problems found in SMK competence of industrial electronics expertise, among others, about the environment is not conducive and discipline of students who are still low. Population in this research that is class XI program of electronics industry skill as much 228 student and sample amounted to 145 student. Data collection techniques used documentation and questionnaires and data analysis techniques using multiple regression analysis. The results showed that (1) the influence between the learning environment and the learning discipline on the learning outcomes, the magnitude of the effect of 0.541. (2) The influence of the learning environment on learning outcomes significantly with the coefficient of determination of 0.573. (3) The significant effect of learning discipline on learning outcomes of 0.444. Based on the result of the research, it can be concluded that there is a positive and significant influence between the learning environment and the learning discipline of the students' learning achievement of the competence of the electronics industry in SMK Se-Malang Raya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara lingkungan belajar dan disiplin belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa kompetensi keahlian elektronika industri. Hasil belajar siswa digunakan sebagai tolak ukur kemampuan siswa. Hasil belajar siswa dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor yaitu faktor intern dan ekstern. Banyak ditemukan permasalahan di SMK kompetensi keahlian elektronika industri antara lain tentang lingkungan belajar yang belum kondusif dan kedisiplinan siswa yang masih rendah. Populasi dalam penelitian ini yaitu kelas XI program keahlian elektronika industri sebanyak 228 siswa dan sampel berjumlah 145 siswa. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan dokumentasi dan kuesioner dan teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis regresi ganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) adanya pengaruh antara lingkungan belajar dan disiplin belajar terhadap hasil belajar, besarnya pengaruh sebesar 0,541. (2) Adanya pengaruh lingkungan belajar terhadap hasil belajar secara signifikan dengan nilai koefisien determinasi sebesar 0,573. (3) Adanya pengaruh yang signifikan disiplin belajar terhadap hasil belajar sebesar 0,444. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa terjadi pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan antara lingkungan belajar dan disiplin belajar terhadap hasil belajar siswa kompetensi keahlian elektronika industri di SMK Se-Malang Raya.
Clinical profile of orofacial infections: An experience from two primary care dental practices

Objectives: Orofacial infections are common reasons for dental consultations worldwide. However, there is scarcity of data on clinico-epidemiological profiles reported from primary care dental practices. To address this issue, a study was done to characterize the clinical pattern, age groups affected and sex predilection of orofacial infections in the primary care dental practice. Study design: Clinical data was evaluated from random electronic files of patients for whom antimicrobials were prescribed at two Dental Practices in UK between January 2009 and December 2010. Results: 200 case records were studied. 104 (52%) cases were females. Mean age was 37.2 (+/-15.1) years. 107 (53.5%) cases belonged to age group 21-40 years. Posterior teeth were involved in 112 (56%) cases. Types of disease were as follows: dentoalveolar abscess 63(31.5%), pulpitis 27(13.5%), apical periodontitis 21(10.5%), pericoronitis 21(10.5%), dry socket 13(6.5%), periodontitis 9(4.5%) infected root stump 5(2.5%), facial swelling 5(2.5%) and infections unspecified 36(18%) cases. Conclusions: Orofacial infections affect both sexes equally. 21-40 years is the commonest age-group affected. Dentoalveolar abscess is the commonest infection followed by unspecified infections and pulpitis. Key words:Orofacial infections, primary care dental practice, dentoalveolar abscess and pulpitis.
Control system design and experimental verification of Capsubot

This paper is concerned with the development of the capsule robot (Capsubot) which can move with no external parts. It is easy to be constructed in small scale and maybe can be used for medical uses such as the endoscope since the Capsubot moves bidirectionally. The Capsubot could move by exerting friction force through movement of inside mass. This paper shows theoretical analysis and experimental verification of the locomotion for the Capsubot. In the experiment, the motion of inner mass is generated by coils and a magnet. Displacement of the Capsubot is measured by laser sensor and also position of the inside mass is measured. Using the developed test system, the motion of the developed Capsubot is experimentally compared with the one of the theoretical model.