Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cardiovascular responses to various pulsatile pressures in the carotid sinus.

SCHMIDT,ROBERT M. , MAMORUKUMADA,AND KIICHI SAGAWA. Curdiovascular responses to various pulsatile pressures in the carotid sinus. Am. J. Physiol. 223 (1): l-7. 1972. -To extend the knowledge of the carotid sinus reflex, we forced the isolated sinuses of anesthetized dogs with sinusoidal (pulsatile) pressures using multiple combinations of mean level, amplitude, and frequency of pulsation. The reflex responses of mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance were analyzed at mean sinus pressures of 75, 100, 125, and 150 mm Hg, frequencies of 1, 2, 3, and 4 Hz, and peak-to-peak amplitudes of 25, 50, and 75 mm Hg. Increasing the amplitude of pulsation from 25 to 75 mm Hg while holding the frequency at 2 Hz caused moderate and proportional reductions in arterial pressure, cardiac output, and total peripheral resistance, except when the pulsatile pressure was superimposed on mean sinus pressure of 150 mm Hg. In contrast, increasing the frequency of pulsation from 1 to 4 Hz with a fixed amplitude of 50 mm Hg evoked significant responses only after vagotomy at the mean intrasinus pressure of 75 mm Hg. An example of use of the quantitative data gained by this study is discussed in relation to evaluation of the role that the reflex system plays in maintaining mean arterial pressure after a 20$& hemorrhage. We conclude from the above findings that variations of pulse pressure and particularly of heart rate in the physiological range have relatively little reflex effect compared with that of the change in mean intrasinus pressure.
The effects of mindfulness and self-esteem on adolescents´ perceived stress and symptoms of burnout

Perceived stress and stress-related illness as symptoms of burnout have increased in adolescents. The aim of the present study was to investigate if mindfulness, global- and competence-based self-esteem are potential predictors for perceived stress and symptoms of burnout in adolescents. 143 upper secondary students participated in the study. The results of hierarchical regression analyses showed that higher levels of mindfulness and global-self-esteem were associated with decreased levels of perceived stress and symptoms of burnout. Competence-based self-esteem was only trend-significant associated with symptoms of burnout. Mediation analysis revealed that global self-esteem was a fully mediator for the relationship between competence-based self-esteem and perceived stress. The results were discussed in terms of the importance of individual factors, such as, mindfulness and self-esteem to predict perceived stress and symptoms of burnout.
Introducing an algal carbon‐concentrating mechanism into higher plants: location and incorporation of key components

Summary Many eukaryotic green algae possess biophysical carbon‐concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) that enhance photosynthetic efficiency and thus permit high growth rates at low CO 2 concentrations. They are thus an attractive option for improving productivity in higher plants. In this study, the intracellular locations of ten CCM components in the unicellular green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii were confirmed. When expressed in tobacco, all of these components except chloroplastic carbonic anhydrases CAH3 and CAH6 had the same intracellular locations as in Chlamydomonas. CAH6 could be directed to the chloroplast by fusion to an Arabidopsis chloroplast transit peptide. Similarly, the putative inorganic carbon (Ci) transporter LCI1 was directed to the chloroplast from its native location on the plasma membrane. CCP1 and CCP2 proteins, putative Ci transporters previously reported to be in the chloroplast envelope, localized to mitochondria in both Chlamydomonas and tobacco, suggesting that the algal CCM model requires expansion to include a role for mitochondria. For the Ci transporters LCIA and HLA3, membrane location and Ci transport capacity were confirmed by heterologous expression and H14 CO 3 ‐ uptake assays in Xenopus oocytes. Both were expressed in Arabidopsis resulting in growth comparable with that of wild‐type plants. We conclude that CCM components from Chlamydomonas can be expressed both transiently (in tobacco) and stably (in Arabidopsis) and retargeted to appropriate locations in higher plant cells. As expression of individual Ci transporters did not enhance Arabidopsis growth, stacking of further CCM components will probably be required to achieve a significant increase in photosynthetic efficiency in this species.
A GIS-BASED APPROACH TO SPATIO-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF URBAN AIR QUALITY IN CHENGDU PLAIN

Environmental pollution of urban areas is one of key factors that state authorities and local agencies have to consider in the decision-making process. Understanding temporal and spatial distribution of air quality at the landscape scale is essential in assessing the potential ecological conditions for ecological restoration and in making decisions for regional management. To find a compromise among many criteria, spatial analysis extended by geostatistical methods and dynamic models has to be carried out. In this case, spatial analysis includes processing of a wide range of air, water and soil pollution data and possibly noise assessment and waste management data. Other spatial inputs consist of data from remote sensing and GPS field measurements. Integration and spatial data management are carried out within the framework of a geographic information system (GIS). From a modeling point of view, GIS is used mainly for the preprocessing and postprocessing of data to be displayed in digital map layers and visualized in 3D scenes. Moreover, for preprocessing and postprocessing, deterministic and geostatistical methods (ordinary kriging, IDW, i.e., inverse distance weight) are used for spatial interpolation; geoprocessing and raster algebra are used in multi-criteria evaluation and risk assessment methods. GIS is also used as a platform for spatio-temporal analyses or for building relationships between the GIS database and stand-alone modeling tools. Finally, air quality data are generally very complex to model due to the underlying correlation among several pollutants. The significant differences among the results obtained from the techniques, indicated that proper air quality management requires sensitive air quality evaluation. It was demonstrated that geostatiscal tools integrated with time series techniques are quite appropriate techniques for air quality management. Processed data, spatial analysis and models are integrated within the framework of the GIS project, providing an approach that state and local authorities can use to address environmental protection issues. In spite of a wide range of problems associated with technical, data and financial constraints, the final results of this GIS project could contribute to improving environmental management in Chengdu Plain. The methods used can also be applied for the environmental analysis of other urban areas. DEM data processed using 3D spatial interpolation can be a valuable tool for assessing pollutant distribution in space. It can be used as screening methods to more closely target key areas and to develop more detailed measuring and modeling strategies. Integration of all data within a GIS framework therefore represents a useful approach for performing more complex environmental analyses that can support the decision-making processes of urban planning.
Lactose Intolerance

Lactose maldigestion has been under intensive research since its discovery in the 1960’s. We know the prevalence of lactose maldigestion in a great number of countries and ethnic groups. However, there is often no provision made for the secondary type of maldigestion, and the study populations have sometimes been selected rather than picked at random. New methods for the measurement of lactose digestion have been developed, and its genetic mechanisms have received a great deal of attention during the last few years. However, in many studies the measurement and/or reporting of symptoms has quite often been overlooked. In this review, various topics related to lactose intolerance are discussed with a special emphasis on its symptoms.
A BLIND MULTICHANNEL DEREVERBERATION ALGORITHM BASED ON THE NATURAL GRADIENT

This paper introduces a novel blind on-line dereverberation algorithm for speech signals based on a natural gradient deconvolution algorithm. Existing blind dereverberation algorithms often employ a structure that performs speech prewhitening using LPC analysis followed by a blind deconvolution step applied to the LPC residual. Here it is shown that better performance can be achieved by respecting the correct ordering of the stationary (room response) and nonstationary filters (LPC filters) within the dereverberation algorithm. Furthermore this makes replicating the dereverberation filter unnecessary.
Teacher Identification of the Gifted: A New Look

Teacher recommendation as a means of identifying gifted children traditionally has been regarded as ineffective and inefficient, although such conclusions are based upon studies in which teachers were required to make global assessments of students' ability. The present study sought to re-examine the issue through the use of checklists on which the teachers were asked to indicate the presence or absence of certain behaviors. Significant, moderate, positive correlations between teacher rating and IQ were obtained, and the ratings were found to possess both high efficiency and stability. Teacher rating was found to be a better predictor of giftedness for girls than for boys. With IQ as the dependent variable, a main effect for achievement was found, but there was none for rating nor was there an interaction effect. Teacher rating was a better identifier of gifted underachievers than of gifted achievers.
Modern management of vulvar cancer

Purpose of review The radical surgical approach in the treatment of vulvar cancer patients has led to a favourable prognosis for the majority of patients with early stage vulvar cancer. However, morbidity is impressive, leading to more individualized treatment. The authors have reviewed the most recent literature on the pros and cons of the modifications in treatment, including surgery and primary radiotherapy, for primary squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva and vulvar melanoma. Recent findings The sentinel lymph node procedure is a promising method of staging in patients with early stage squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva and possibly for patients with vulvar melanoma, but its safety still has to be proved. Less radical surgery has led to a higher local and regional recurrence rate. There may be a role for primary radiotherapy of the groin in a selected group of patients. Summary The authors have concluded that the individualization of treatment for vulvar cancer patients has led to a decrease in morbidity but an increase in recurrences. The increase in recurrences does not appear to compromise prognosis, probably because of the lack of power, based on the low incidence of vulvar cancer. The sentinel lymph node procedure and primary radiotherapy are promising methods to reduce the morbidity of treatment but their safety needs to be studied in randomized trials.
Sustained Release Tablets Containing Soluble Polymethacrylates: Comparison with Tableted Polymethacrylate IPEC Polymers

The objective of this study was to compare a novel sustained release tablet formulation that has the potential to be used for drugs of different physicochemical properties using a binary mixture of polymethacrylate polymers in their salt forms with the polymethacrylate interpolyelectrolyte complex (IPEC) tablets in terms of drug release and compactness. Also, we aimed to compare this formulation with an IPEC tablet in terms of drug release. Tablets prepared using Eudragit E-Citrate and Eudragit L-Sodium were more convenient, easier to prepare, and showed better sustained release and compactness characteristics compared to IPEC tablets of similar concentrations and preparation methods.
Relational and Spiritual Dimensions of Parental Grieving

This investigation explored parental grieving as a relational and spiritual process. Five couples participated in three sets of interviews over the course of approximately three months. Data were collected and analyzed using the qualitative action-project method. The findings revealed that couples grieved extensively in the context of their relationships. Grieving was facilitated through planned and spontaneous activities, and was impeded by disconnection from the loved ones and life stressors. Grieving was intimately connected to the parents’ spiritual lives, which shaped continuing bonds, offered comfort and meaning, and provided an avenue to express distress. The findings yield implications for clinical work and further research with bereaved parents.
Low Cost Solution for Location Determination of Mobile Nodes in a Wireless Local Area Network

In this research paper we undertook the problem of location determination of mobile nodes in a wireless local area network, as finding out the location in a wireless environment is to-date not very easy, cheap and accurate using 802.11b technology. We used the classical method of triangulation with a little alteration which is later on described in the paper. Another method we used is the methods of calibration by research to produce more accurate results and also to cross verify the results of the method of triangulation. The work in this paper attempts to illustrate the different aspects of the problem of location determination in WiFi networks. We started with an investigation of the influence that network characteristics have on the ability of middleware location determination protocols to accurately estimate position of mobile nodes. We presented an implementation based study that demonstrated the strong relationship between the two of the location determination methods and their performance. The main objective of this paper is to provide method in which no dedication hardware is required. Only wireless LAN card is required and can be placed in any suitable location. The significance of this result lies in allowing a network designer to make a suitable tradeoff between QoS of location determination and other application protocols while choosing a network topology. The combination of two methods reduced the error rate of locating a mobile node to a great extent. The results were being plotted on a given map using both the algorithms
Critical Pedagogy Primer

The second edition of the Critical Pedagogy Primer not only introduces the topic but also provides a vision for the future of the critical pedagogy. Kincheloe's notion of an «evolving criticality makes sure that critical pedagogy will continue to be a vibrant and creative force that makes a powerful difference in education and in the world in general. As it prepares readers for the challenges of the future, it focuses on the traditions and individuals who have helped construct the discipline. This attention to the past and the future provides readers with an introduction unlike most initiations into academic disciplines. In a richly textured but direct manner, Kincheloe captures the spirit of critical pedagogy in a language accessible to diverse audiences. Both the uninitiated and those with experience in critical pedagogy can learn from this unique and compelling perspective on the field.
The Lived Experiences of Transgender Persons: A Meta-Synthesis

This article synthesises findings from qualitative studies which have explored the lived experiences of transgender persons, using Noblit and Hare's (1998) meta-ethnography method. Thirty-one qualitative studies related to the lived experiences of transgender individuals, published between 1998 and 2013, met the inclusion criteria. A literature search was conducted between November 2012 and September 2013 using computerized searches from nine databases as well as online manual searches of key journals. Results from these individual studies revealed five major themes: (a) crossing gender and physical problems in life, (b) experiencing psychological distress, (c) encountering discrimination and social exclusion, (d) having relationships does matter, and (e) dealing with difficulties in life. Yet, despite these negative experiences, transgender people have tried to find ways to help them deal with their difficulties. We conclude that there is a need for health care providers, social workers, and health promoters to support transgender individuals, for their health and well-being. This meta-synthesis provides a clear account of what transgender individuals experience in their lives, to support the development of sympathetic health and social care services to assist them with their difficulties, and enhance their health and well-being.
THE ROLE OF TURBULENCE IN NEUTRINO-DRIVEN CORE-COLLAPSE SUPERNOVA EXPLOSIONS

The neutrino-heated “gain layer” immediately behind the stalled shock in a core-collapse supernova is unstable to high-Reynolds-number turbulent convection. We carry out and analyze a new set of 19 high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) simulations with a three-species neutrino leakage/heating scheme and compare with spherically symmetric (one-dimensional, 1D) and axisymmetric (two-dimensional, 2D) simulations carried out with the same methods. We study the postbounce supernova evolution in a 15 M☉ progenitor star and vary the local neutrino heating rate, the magnitude and spatial dependence of asphericity from convective burning in the Si/O shell, and spatial resolution. Our simulations suggest that there is a direct correlation between the strength of turbulence in the gain layer and the susceptibility to explosion. 2D and 3D simulations explode at much lower neutrino heating rates than 1D simulations. This is commonly explained by the fact that nonradial dynamics allows accreting material to stay longer in the gain layer. We show that this explanation is incomplete. Our results indicate that the effective turbulent ram pressure exerted on the shock plays a crucial role by allowing multi-dimensional models to explode at a lower postshock thermal pressure and thus with less neutrino heating than 1D models. We connect the turbulent ram pressure with turbulent energy at large scales and in this way explain why 2D simulations are erroneously exploding more easily than 3D simulations.
Decrement Evoked Potential Mapping: Basis of a Mechanistic Strategy for Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation

Background—Substrate-based mapping for ventricular tachycardia (VT) ablation is hampered by its inability to determine critical sites of the VT circuit. We hypothesized that those potentials, which delay with a decremental extrastimulus (decrement evoked potentials or DEEPs), are more likely to colocalize with the diastolic pathways of VT circuits. Methods and Results—DEEPs were identified in intraoperative left ventricular maps from 6 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy (total 9 VTs) and were compared with late potential (LP) and activation maps of the diastolic pathway for each VT. Mathematical modeling was also used to further validate and elucidate the mechanisms of DEEP mapping. All patients demonstrated regions of DEEPs and LPs. The mean endocardial surface area of these potentials was 18±4% and 21±6%, respectively (P=0.13). The mean sensitivity for identifying the diastolic pathway in VT was 50±23% for DEEPs and 36±32% for LPs (P=0.31). The mean specificity was 43±23% versus 20±8% for DEEP and LP mapping, respectively (P=0.031). The electrograms that displayed the greatest decrement in each case had a sensitivity and specificity for the VT isthmus of 29±10% and 95±1%, respectively. Mathematical modeling studies recapitulated DEEPs at the VT isthmus and demonstrated their role in VT initiation with a critical degree of decrement. Conclusions—In this preliminary study, DEEP mapping was more specific than LP mapping for identifying the critical targets of VT ablation. The mechanism of DEEPs relates to conduction velocity restitution magnified by zigzag conduction within scar channels.
The Relationship between Learning Style Preference for Computer Drawing and Learning Outcomes in a Computer Aided Design Course at a Computer Training Center in Taiwan

The purpose of this study was to explore the relationship between learning styles and learning outcomes of 141 engineering drawing students at a computer training center in Taiwan. This study employed a quantitative research methodology employing both a questionnaire as well as examination scores to address the research objectives. There were five parts included in this study. First, the Learning Style Inventory categorized the learners’ learning preferences into four dimensions: perception, input, processing and understanding. Second, the learners' learning styles were compared according to gender. Third, the learners' learning styles and their learning performance were compared. Fourth, the study also compared the learners’ learning outcomes between new and current students. Fifth the relationship between the number of times learners repeated the engineering drawing course and their learning performance was computed. Overall, there were eight findings of the study: 1) the most preferred learning style of both female and male students was sensing, visual, reflective and global; 2) there was no significant difference in learning style preference between males and females; 3) there was no statistically significant relationship found in the degrees of the input, processing and understanding learning styles and grade - however, there was a correlation between the perception learning style and grade; 4) the number of male students who were willing to take the exam right after the course was greater than that of female students - however, the average grade of females was higher than that of males; 5) as for learning style preferences between new and current students, new students preferred to learn sequentially and current students were global learners; 6) the number of times students repeated the course did not affect their learning outcomes; 7) in terms of demographic factors and learning style preferences, no statistically significant differences were found; 8) no significant differences were found between demographic factors and learning outcomes.
Coarsening dynamics of falling-film solitary waves.

Because interfacial wave dynamics on a falling film involves quasisteady localized solitary pulses, its complex spatiotemporal dynamics exhibits certain generic features and scalings. We construct a statistical theory for such dynamics from our earlier theory for binary pulse interaction [Physica D {bold 63}, 299 (1993); Phys. Rev. Lett. {bold 75}, 1747 (1995); J. Fluid Mech. {bold 294}, 123 (1995)]. The theory shows that the average pulse separation increases linearly downstream from the inlet with a universal slope and that the average pulse velocity increases with a generic power of 2/7. Prediction for the final equilibrium separation is also offered by the theory. The coarsening features are driven by an irreversible coalescence of the pulses whose local dynamics can be renormalized via an affine transformation due to the scale invariance of the localized pulses. The generic scalings for the dynamics arise from the affine transformation and are favorably compared to numerical simulation and experimental data. {copyright} {ital 1996 The American Physical Society. }