Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Stigmatizing Discourse on the Quality of On-Line Relationships

Previous research has demonstrated that a societal stigma exists against individuals involved in on-line relationships. This study was designed to examine the impact that stigmatizing discourse from off-line family and friends has on the overall quality of such relationships. Participants in this study consisted of 159 on-line relationship partners who completed a web-based survey. The survey asked participants to recall messages that they had received about their online relationship from their off-line family and friends, and to fill out a questionnaire addressing their level of stigma consciousness and their perceptions of the quality of their on-line relationship. Trained coders then rated the messages from family and friends for levels of disapproval, severity, and explicitness. Results demonstrated that more severe, disapproving, and explicit messages from off-line family and friends correlated with higher levels of stigma consciousness on the part of the on-line relationship participant. Additionally, relationship participants who experienced more stigma consciousness were less satisfied with the overall quality of their on-line relationships. The theoretical and methodological implications of these results for on-line relationship are discussed.
Resting and anergic B cells are defective in CD28-dependent costimulation of naive CD4+ T cells

Successful antibody production in vivo depends on a number of cellular events, one of the most important of these being cognate B cell-T cell interaction. To examine this phenomenon in vitro, homogeneous populations of hen egg lysozyme (HEL)-specific small resting B cells and naive CD4+ HEL-specific T cells (derived from immunoglobulin [Ig] and T cell receptor transgenic mice, respectively) were cultured together. On addition of intact HEL protein. HEL-specific B cells increase their expression of activation molecules, including a B7- related protein and CD44, and enlarge into blast cells. Within the same cultures, HEL-specific CD4+ T cells also increase expression of the activation markers CD69 and CD44, enlarge, secrete lymphokines, and proliferate. This response is radiation sensitive, supporting the conclusion that HEL-specific B cells present antigen to and activate the naive T cells. By contrast, when a synthetic peptide fragment of HEL is used to bypass B cell antigen-receptor engagement, the naive T cells enlarge and display activation antigens, but fail to produce lymphokines, proliferate, or promote B cell blastogenesis. Presentation of HEL by tolerant B cells, which are no longer able to signal effectively through their antigen receptors, results in an identical pattern of incomplete T cell activation. Addition of a stimulating anti- CD28 antibody and blocking of CD28 signals with CTLA4/Ig fusion protein both show that complete activation of naive CD4+ T cells depends on the initial induction of B7 and related costimulatory molecules after HEL binding to nontolerant HEL-specific B cells. Thus, in the absence of adequate constimulation from the B cell, naive CD4+ T cells undergo a form of "partial activation" in which they upregulate surface expression of certain T cell activation antigens, but fail to efficiently produce lymphokine and proliferate. This may explain the different conclusions that have been reached regarding the consequences of B cell antigen presentation to T cells, in that the ability of B cells to activate naive CD4+ T cells depends both on their specificity and their activation state.
Regulation of epithelial–mesenchymal IL-1 signaling by PPARβ/δ is essential for skin homeostasis and wound healing

Skin morphogenesis, maintenance, and healing after wounding require complex epithelial–mesenchymal interactions. In this study, we show that for skin homeostasis, interleukin-1 (IL-1) produced by keratinocytes activates peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ/δ) expression in underlying fibroblasts, which in turn inhibits the mitotic activity of keratinocytes via inhibition of the IL-1 signaling pathway. In fact, PPARβ/δ stimulates production of the secreted IL-1 receptor antagonist, which leads to an autocrine decrease in IL-1 signaling pathways and consequently decreases production of secreted mitogenic factors by the fibroblasts. This fibroblast PPARβ/δ regulation of the IL-1 signaling is required for proper wound healing and can regulate tumor as well as normal human keratinocyte cell proliferation. Together, these findings provide evidence for a novel homeostatic control of keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation mediated via PPARβ/δ regulation in dermal fibroblasts of IL-1 signaling. Given the ubiquitous expression of PPARβ/δ, other epithelial–mesenchymal interactions may also be regulated in a similar manner.
Quality Difference in Craniofacial Pain of Cardiac vs. Dental Origin

Craniofacial pain, whether odontogenic or caused by cardiac ischemia, is commonly referred to the same locations, posing a diagnostic challenge. We hypothesized that the validity of pain characteristics would be high in assessment of differential diagnosis. Pain quality, intensity, and gender characteristics were assessed for referred craniofacial pain from dental (n = 359) vs. cardiac (n = 115) origin. The pain descriptors “pressure” and “burning” were statistically associated with pain from cardiac origin, while “throbbing” and “aching” indicated an odontogenic cause. No gender differences were found. These data should now be added to those craniofacial pain characteristics already known to point to acute cardiac disease rather than dental pathology, i.e., pain provocation/aggravation by physical activity, pain relief at rest, and bilateralism. To initiate prompt and appropriate treatment, dental and medical clinicians as well as the public should be alert to those clinical characteristics of craniofacial pain of cardiac origin.
A Randomized Trial of Combined Manipulation, Stabilizing Exercises, and Physician Consultation Compared to Physician Consultation Alone for Chronic Low Back Pain

Study Design. A prospective randomized controlled trial. Objectives. To examine the effectiveness of combined manipulative treatment, stabilizing exercises, and physician consultation compared with physician consultation alone for chronic low back pain. Summary of Background Data. Strong evidence exists that manual therapy provides more effective short-term pain relief than does placebo treatment in the management of chronic low back pain. The evidence for long-term effect is lacking. Methods. Two hundred four chronic low back pain patients, whose Oswestry disability index was at least 16%, were randomly assigned to either a manipulative-treatment group or a consultation group. All were clinically examined, informed about their back pain, provided with an educational booklet, and were given specific instructions based on the clinical evaluation. The treatment included four sessions of manipulation and stabilizing exercises aiming to correct the lumbopelvic rhythm. Questionnaires inquired about pain intensity, self-rated disability, mental depression, health-related quality of life, health care costs, and production costs. Results. At the baseline, the groups were comparable, except for the percentage of employees (P = 0.01). At the 5- and 12-month follow-ups, the manipulative-treatment group showed more significant reductions in pain intensity (P < 0.001) and in self-rated disability (P = 0.002) than the consultation group. However, we detected no significant difference between the groups in health-related quality of life or in costs. Conclusions. The manipulative treatment with stabilizing exercises was more effective in reducing pain intensity and disability than the physician consultation alone. The present study showed that short, specific treatment programs with proper patient information may alter the course of chronic low back pain.
PIK3CAH1047R-induced paradoxical ERK activation results in resistance to BRAFV600E specific inhibitors in BRAFV600E PIK3CAH1047R double mutant thyroid tumors

Thyroid carcinomas are the most prevalent endocrine cancers. The BRAFV600E mutation is found in 40% of the papillary type and 25% of the anaplastic type. BRAFV600E inhibitors have shown great success in melanoma but, they have been, to date, less successful in thyroid cancer. About 50% of anaplastic thyroid carcinomas present mutations/amplification of the phosphatidylinositol 3’ kinase. Here we propose to investigate if the hyper activation of that pathway could influence the response to BRAFV600E specific inhibitors. To test this, we used two mouse models of thyroid cancer. Single mutant (BRAFV600E) mice responded to BRAFV600E-specific inhibition (PLX-4720), while double mutant mice (BRAFV600E; PIK3CAH1047R) showed resistance and even signs of aggravation. This resistance was abrogated by combination with a phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitor. At the molecular level, we could show that this resistance was concomitant to a paradoxical activation of the MAP-Kinase pathway, which could be overturned by phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibition in vivo in our mouse model and in vitro in human double mutant cell lines. In conclusion, we reveal a phosphoinositide 3-kinase driven, paradoxical MAP-Kinase pathway activation as mechanism for resistance to BRAFV600E specific inhibitors in a clinically relevant mouse model of thyroid cancer.
Quantifying fidelity for virtual environment simulations employing memory schema assumptions

In a virtual environment (VE), efficient techniques are often needed to economize on rendering computation without compromising the information transmitted. The reported experiments devise a functional fidelity metric by exploiting research on memory schemata. According to the proposed measure, similar information would be transmitted across synthetic and real-world scenes depicting a specific schema. This would ultimately indicate which areas in a VE could be rendered in lower quality without affecting information uptake. We examine whether computationally more expensive scenes of greater visual fidelity affect memory performance after exposure to immersive VEs, or whether they are merely more aesthetically pleasing than their diminished visual quality counterparts. Results indicate that memory schemata function in VEs similar to real-world environments. “High-level” visual cognition related to late visual processing is unaffected by ubiquitous graphics manipulations such as polygon count and depth of shadow rendering; “normal” cognition operates as long as the scenes look acceptably realistic. However, when the overall realism of the scene is greatly reduced, such as in wireframe, then visual cognition becomes abnormal. Effects that distinguish schema-consistent from schema-inconsistent objects change because the whole scene now looks incongruent. We have shown that this effect is not due to a failure of basic recognition.
Self-starting, diode-pumped femtosecond Nd fiber laser.

A self-starting passively mode-locked diode-pumped neodymium fiber laser with a semiconductor antiresonant Fabry-Perot saturable absorber (A-FPSA) is demonstrated for the first time to our knowledge. Mode locking can be initiated and maintained by the semiconductor absorber, and pulse durations down to 260 fs are routinely obtained. Alternatively, shorter pulses (60 fs) were generated by exploition of nonlinear polarization evolution in the fiber (in combination with a stronger pump source) where the A-FPSA simply initiates the pulse-forming process.
Effects of the bilateral isokinetic strengthening training on functional parameters, gait, and the quality of life in patients with stroke.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of the bilateral isokinetic strengthening training applied to knee and ankle muscles on balance, functional parameters, gait, and the quality of in stroke patients. METHODS Fifty patients (33 M, 17 F) with subacute-chronic stroke and 30 healthy subjects were included. Stroke patients were allocated into isokinetic and control groups. Conventional rehabilitation program was applied to all cases; additionally maximal concentric isokinetic strengthening training was applied to the knee-ankle muscles bilaterally to the isokinetic group 5 days a week for 3 weeks. Biodex System 3 Pro Multijoint System isokinetic dynamometer was used for isokinetic evaluation. The groups were assessed by Functional Independence Measure, Stroke Specific Quality of Life Scale, Timed 10-Meter Walk Test, Six-Minute Walk Test, Stair-Climbing Test, Timed up&go Test, Berg Balance Scale, and Rivermead Mobility Index. RESULTS Compared with baseline, the isokinetic PT values of the knee and ankle on both sides significantly increased in all cases. PT change values were significantly higher in the isokinetic group than the control group (P<0.025). Furthermore, the quality of life, gait, balance and mobility index values improved significantly in both groups, besides the increase levels were found significantly higher in the isokinetic group (P<0.025, P<0.05). CONCLUSION Bilateral isokinetic strengthening training in addition to conventional rehabilitation program after stroke seems to be effective on strengthening muscles on both sides, improving functional parameters, gait, balance and life quality.
Time Series Segmentation through Automatic Feature Learning

Traditional changepoint detection methods look for boundaries that are defined as abrupt variations in the generative parameters of a data sequence. However, we observe that breakpoints – human-specified boundaries – occur on more subtle boundaries that are non-trivial to detect with these statistical methods. In this work, we propose a new semi-supervised approach, based on deep learning, that outperforms existing techniques and learns the more subtle breakpoint boundaries with a high accuracy. Through extensive experiments on various real world data sets – including human-activity sensing data, speech signals, and electroencephalogram (EEG) activity traces – we demonstrate the effectiveness of our algorithm for practical applications. Furthermore, we show that our approach achieves significantly better performance than previous methods.
Wireless multihoming modeled as a multi-WLAN game

Autonomous wireless multihomed stations (connected to multiple wireless networks) are likely to behave selfishly, trying at the same time to avoid crowded networks, select networks of higher data rates, and use the selected network in a more persistent way than standard MAC protocols prescribe. We analyze the underlying noncooperative game and find its Nash equilibria unsatisfactory. Yet for a repeated version of the game, a strategy of toggling between selfish and honest play can be devised, leading to all stations playing honest and resilient to sophisticated deviations that may seek an unfairly high bandwidth share. Numerical illustration is provided using a multi-WLAN model with each WLAN employing IEEE 802.11 MAC with a different data rate.
Transposable Modules Generated by a Single Copy of Insertion Sequence ISPme1 and Their Influence on Structure and Evolution of Natural Plasmids of Paracoccus methylutens DM12

ABSTRACT We demonstrated that a single copy of insertion sequence ISPme1 can mobilize adjacent segments of genomic DNA of Paracoccus methylutens DM12, which leads to the generation of diverse transposable elements of various size and DNA contents. All elements (named transposable modules [TMos]) contain ISPme1 (placed at the 5′ ends of the elements) and have variable 3′-end regions of between 0.5 and 5 kb. ISPme1 was shown to encode an outwardly oriented promoter, which may activate the transcription of genes transposed within TMos in evolutionarily distinct hosts. TMos may therefore be considered to be natural systems enabling gene capture, expression, and spread. However, unless these elements have been inserted into a highly conserved genetic context to enable a precise definition of their termini, it is extremely difficult or even impossible to identify them in bacterial genomes by in silico sequence analysis. We showed that TMos are present in the chromosome and plasmids of strain DM12. Sequence analysis of plasmid pMTH1 (32 kb) revealed that four TMos, previously identified with a trap vector, pMEC1, comprise 87% of its genome. Repeated TMos within pMTH1 may stimulate other structural rearrangements resulting from homologous recombination between long repeat sequences. This illustrates that TMos may play a significant role in shaping the structure of natural plasmids, which consequently may have a great impact on the evolution of plasmid genomes.
Preventing medication errors.

■ Describe the consequences and costs of medication errors. ■ Cite the incidence of hospital injuries and deaths attributable to medication errors. ■ Explore evidence and rationale for the underreporting of medication errors. ■ Name the steps involved in medication administration. ■ Identify six common causes of medication errors. ■ Identify the role of the nurse in preventing medication errors. ■ Describe the role of technology and health care administration in medication error prevention. ■ Recognize examples of prescription, transcription, and recording notation errors. ■ Correct medical notation errors. ■ Describe the requirements of The Joint Commission to prevent medication errors. ■ Provide a sound rationale for the critical nature of medication administration and the importance of accurate and safe dosage calculations and medication administration.
The effect of ovarian follicular fluid and peritoneal fluid on Fallopian tube ciliary beat frequency.

BACKGROUND The Fallopian tube undergoes well-recognized changes during the ovarian cycle. Ciliary beat frequency (CBF) increases during the secretory phase of the cycle. The stimulus is unknown, although CBF is known to be hormone responsive. At ovulation, follicular fluid is released into the peritoneal cavity and enters the Fallopian tube. We hypothesized that this fluid may provide the stimulus for the increase in CBF detected after ovulation. METHODS Using a technique which records changes in light intensity, we have studied the effect of pre-ovulatory follicular fluid on CBF of Fallopian tube epithelial cells, and compared this with the effect of either peritoneal fluid or culture medium alone. Follicular fluid samples from 13 women undergoing IVF were collected by selective aspiration of individual follicles. Peritoneal fluid was collected from six women undergoing laparoscopic sterilization. Fallopian tubes were collected from 10 women who underwent hysterectomy for benign conditions. RESULTS After 24 h incubation, there was a highly significant difference in CBF between the Fallopian tube samples bathed in follicular fluid (mean CBF +/- SEM: 6.34 +/- 0.02 Hz) compared with explants bathed in either medium (4.20 +/- 0.06 Hz) or peritoneal fluid (5.24 +/- 0.03 Hz) (P < 0.005). There was also a significant difference in CBF between tissues bathed in secretory (5.47 +/- 0.03 Hz) compared with proliferative phase peritoneal fluid (4.75 +/- 0.02 Hz) (P < 0.005). CONCLUSIONS The increase in CBF detected after ovulation may aid ovum pick-up and transport along the Fallopian tube. Factor(s) within human follicular fluid and secretory phase peritoneal fluid may be responsible for this increase in CBF.
A case of a Japanese patient with neonatal diabetes mellitus caused by a novel mutation in the ABCC8 gene and successfully controlled with oral glibenclamide

Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus (PNDM) is a rare form of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus that presents within the first 6 months after birth and may require lifelong insulin treatment. Approximately 40% of all PNDM cases are caused by activating mutations in either the KCNJ11 gene or ABCC8 gene, which encode the Kir6.2 or sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) 1 subunit of the ATP-sensitive potassium channel (KATP channel), respectively (1,2,3). The KATP channel is expressed on the surface of pancreatic beta cells. In this context, a heterozygous gain-of-function mutation in ABCC8 or KCNJ11 causes PNDM. High-dose oral sulfonylurea has been reported to be an effective treatment agent for PNDM with ABCC8 and KCNJ11 gene mutations compared with insulin injection (4). Here we report a patient with PNDM caused by a novel heterozygous missense mutation in ABCC8 and controlled with oral glibenclamide for more than 3 yr.
Dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton mediates receptor cross talk: An emerging concept in tuning receptor signaling

Recent evidence implicates the actin cytoskeleton in the control of receptor signaling. This may be of particular importance in the context of immune receptors, such as the B cell receptor, where dysregulated signaling can result in autoimmunity and malignancy. Here, we discuss the role of the actin cytoskeleton in controlling receptor compartmentalization, dynamics, and clustering as a means to regulate receptor signaling through controlling the interactions with protein partners. We propose that the actin cytoskeleton is a point of integration for receptor cross talk through modulation of protein dynamics and clustering. We discuss the implication of this cross talk via the cytoskeleton for both ligand-induced and low-level constitutive (tonic) signaling necessary for immune cell survival.
Constraints on Transient Viscoelastic Rheology of the Asthenosphere From Seasonal Deformation

We discuss the constraints on short‐term asthenospheric viscosity provided by seasonal deformation of the Earth. We use data from 195 globally distributed continuous Global Navigation Satellite System stations. Surface loading is derived from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment and used as an input to predict geodetic displacements. We compute Green's functions for surface displacements for a purely elastic spherical reference Earth model and for viscoelastic Earth models. We show that a range of transient viscoelastic rheologies derived to explain the early phase of postseismic deformation may induce a detectable effect on the phase and amplitude of horizontal displacements induced by seasonal loading at long wavelengths (1,300–4,000 km). By comparing predicted and observed seasonal horizontal motion, we conclude that transient asthenospheric viscosity cannot be lower than 5 × 1017 Pa.s, suggesting that low values of transient asthenospheric viscosities reported in some postseismic studies cannot hold for the seasonal deformation global average.
Quetiapine treatment for behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia in Alzheimer's disease patients: a 6‐week, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study

Treating elderly patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) is challenging due to the increased risk of iatrogenic movement disorders with old neuroleptics and the seemingly increasing risk of cardiovascular events with newer atypical agents. Quetiapine is an atypical antipsychotic agent that warrants further investigation.
Producing scheduling that causes concurrent programs to fail

A noise maker is a tool that seeds a concurrent program with conditional synchronization primitives (such as yield()) for the purpose of increasing the likelihood that a bug manifest itself. This work explores the theory and practice of choosing where in the program to induce such thread switches at runtime. We introduce a novel fault model that classifies locations as ¿good¿, ¿neutral¿, or ¿bad,¿ based on the effect of a thread switch at the location. We validate our approach by experimenting with a set of programs taken from publicly available multi-threaded benchmark. Our empirical evidence demonstrates that real-life behavior is similar to that derived from the model.