Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Comparison of the Activation Kinetics of the M3 Acetylcholine Receptor and a Constitutively Active Mutant Receptor in Living Cells

Activation of G-protein-coupled receptors is the first step of the signaling cascade triggered by binding of an agonist. Here we compare the activation kinetics of the Gq-coupled M3 acetylcholine receptor (M3-AChR) with that of a constitutively active mutant receptor (M3-AChR-N514Y) using M3-AChR constructs that report receptor activation by changes in the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) signal. We observed a leftward shift in the concentration-dependent FRET response for acetylcholine and carbachol with M3-AChR-N514Y. Consistent with this result, at submaximal agonist concentrations, the activation kinetics of M3-AChR-N514Y were significantly faster, whereas at maximal agonist concentrations the kinetics of receptor activation were identical. Receptor deactivation was significantly faster with carbachol than with acetylcholine and was significantly delayed by the N514Y mutation. Receptor-G-protein interaction was measured by FRET between M3-AChR-yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) and cyan fluorescent protein (CFP)-Gγ2. Agonist-induced receptor-G-protein coupling was of a time scale similar to that of receptor activation. As observed for receptor deactivation, receptor-G-protein dissociation was slower for acetylcholine than that for carbachol. Acetylcholine-stimulated increases in receptor-G-protein coupling of M3-AChR-N514Y reached only 12% of that of M3-AChR and thus cannot be kinetically analyzed. G-protein activation was measured using YFP-tagged Gαq and CFP-tagged Gγ2. Activation of Gq was significantly slower than receptor activation and indistinguishable for the two agonists. However, Gq deactivation was significantly prolonged for acetylcholine compared with that for carbachol. Consistent with decreased agonist-stimulated coupling to Gq, agonist-stimulated Gq activation by M3-AChR-N514Y was not detected. Taken together, these results indicate that the N514Y mutation produces constitutive activation of M3-AChR by decreasing the rate of receptor deactivation, while having minimal effect on receptor activation.
The Mangle of Practice in Enterprise System Implementation: Temporal Emergence and Material Knowing

In this Research-in-Progress paper, we explore a practice-based view of Enterprise System (ES) implementation. Drawing on Andrew Pickering’s “Mangle of Practice”, we discuss how an Enterprise System becomes a workable system over time through a dialectic of resistance and accommodation. Based on a longitudinal study of an ES implementation project in a global IT organization located in the U.S, we identified the temporal dimensions of an ES that emerged as a result of organizational practice. We further explore how activities of knowing are conducted through organizational practice. The study indicates some promising contributions. First, the study will contribute to IS research by offering a novel view that allows IS researchers to understand ES implementation as a cultural and historical practice. Second, the study will contribute to IS methodology by showing how a longitudinal research study is powerful to study ES implementation when we adopt a practice-based view. Third, the study will contribute to knowledge management literature by especially focusing on how the materiality of technology plays an important role in knowing activities in ES implementation projects. Finally, the study will contribute to practitioner research by bringing back managerial attention to ‘practice’ and explains how bringing attention to organizational practice is important in ES
Analytical Model for Broadband Thulium-Bismuth-Doped Fiber Amplifier

Due to the tremendous growth in applications for fiber laser in medical science, sensor solution, and light detection and ranging system at 1.8 to 2-μm region, more research efforts have been directed toward developing highly efficient broadband fiber amplifiers in this range. In order to amplify this region, Thulium-Bismuth-doped fiber amplifier (TBDFA) is proposed in conjunction with 800-nm pumping. Optimal Thulium ion concentration of 4.17 × 1026 ion/m3 and Bismuth ion concentration of 2.08 × 1026 ion/m3 together with low phonon energy of germanate glass lead to the highest energy transfer rates. Effective energy transfer mechanism from Bismuth to Thulium in addition to the cross relaxation process between Thulium ions results in higher amplification, efficiency, and super broadband amplification in TBDFA. We analytically solve the rate equations of TBDFA including the effect of energy transfer in order to calculate the broadband amplifier gain.
Age and Gender Difference in Antisocial Behavior among Adolescents’ School Students

This study aims to examine the association between age, gender and antisocial behavior among 395 adolescents aged between 13 and 18 years in Tehran city in Iran. In this quantitative study, Pearson’s product–moment correlation coefficient was applied to determine the relationship between the antisocial behavior of adolescents and age and gender. In addition, an independent sample t-test was used to compare the adolescent’s antisocial behavior between male and female respondents. Results of this study indicated that there was a positive significant correlation between age and gender of respondents and antisocial behavior. Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive significant correlation between age of respondents and antisocial behavior. The finding of this study shows that older adolescents associated with more frequent of adolescent’s antisocial behavior than younger adolescents. Furthermore, there was a difference in adolescent’s antisocial behavior between male and female. These results indicated that the male is more likely to show antisocial behavior than female. By implication, the study contributes to existing literature in understanding the psychological development stage and age and gender as an important factors for adolescent development. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015. v6n4s2p194
Genome-specific repetitive DNA and RAPD markers for genome identification in Elymus and Hordelymus.

We have developed RFLP and RAPD markers specific for the genomes involved in the evolution of Elymus species, i.e., the St, Y, H, P, and W genomes. Two P genome specific repetitive DNA sequences, pAgc1 (350 bp) and pAgc30 (458 bp), and three W genome specific sequences, pAuv3 (221 bp), pAuv7 (200 bp), and pAuv13 (207 bp), were isolated from the genomes of Agropyron cristatum and Australopyrum velutinum, respectively. Attempts to find Y genome specific sequences were not successful. Primary-structure analysis demonstrated that pAgc1 (P genome) and pAgc30 (P genome) share 81% similarity over a 227-bp stretch. The three W genome specific sequences were also highly homologous. Sequence comparison analysis revealed no homology to sequences in the EMBL-GenBank databases. Three to four genome-specific RAPD markers were found for each of the five genomes. Genome-specific bands were cloned and demonstrated to be mainly low-copy sequences present in various Triticeae species. The RFLP and RAPD markers obtained, together with the previously described H and St genome specific clones pHch2 and pP1Taq2.5 and the Ns genome specific RAPD markers were used to investigate the genomic composition of a few Elymus species and Hordelymus europaeus, whose genome formulas were unknown. Our results demonstrate that only three of eight Elymus species examined (the tetraploid species Elymus grandis and the hexaploid species Elymus caesifolius and Elymus borianus) really belong to Elymus.
Sex differences in emotion expression

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Which personality traits are associated with cognitions related to problematic Internet use

The effects of the Big Five personality traits on cognitions regarding problematic Internet use (PIU) have not been studied. The present paper aims to evaluate the effects of personality traits on cognitions regarding PIU that are classified as loneliness/depression, diminished impulse control, distraction and social control. Additionally, the mediator effect of the Big Five personality traits on the relationship between time spent online and cognitions regarding PIU was tested in a sample of 494 Turkish university students. Hierarchical regression analysis results reveal that controlling the effects of socio-demographic variables and time spent online, higher neuroticism and lower conscientiousness were related to cognitions regarding PIU. Moreover, results of structural equation modelling indicate that the relationship between time spent online and cognitions regarding PIU was independently mediated by extraversion, openness and agreeableness. Examining the role of all of the Big Five personality traits (especially neuroticism and conscientiousness) on PIU will increase understanding in further studies.
Prevalence of extensively drug-resistant gram negative bacilli in surgical intensive care in Egypt

Introduction The prevalence of extensively drug resistant gram negative bacilli (XDR-GNB) is rapidly progressing; however in Egypt data are sparse. We conducted the present study to quantify the incidence, risk factors and outcome of patients harboring XDR-GNB. Methods A one year prospective study was done by collecting all the bacteriological reports for cultures sent from the surgical intensive care unit, Cairo university teaching hospital. XDR-GNB were defined as any gram negative bacilli resistant to three or more classes of antimicrobial agents. Patients with XDR-GNB compared with those sustaining non extensively drug-resistant infection. A multivariate logistic regression model was created to identify independent predictors of multi-resistance. Results During one-year study period, a total of 152 samples (65%) out of 234 gram negative bacilli samples developed extensively drug resistant infection. XDR strains were significantly higher in Acinetobacterspp (86%), followed by Pseudomonas (63%), then Proteus (61%), Klebsiella (52%), and E coli (47%). Fourth generation cephalosporine (Cefipime) had the lowest susceptibility (10%) followed by third generation cephalosporines (11%), Quinolones (31%), Amikacin (42%), Tazobactam (52%), Carbapinems (52%), and colistin (90%). Relaparotomy was the only significant risk factor for acquisition of XDR infection. Conclusion Extensively drug-resistant gram negative infections are frequent in our ICU. This is an alarming health care issue in Egypt which emphasizes the need to rigorously implement infection control practices.
Ethics and Visual Rhetorics: Seeing's Not Believing Anymore

When working with graphics and illustrations, technical communicators face ethical questions at almost every step. The visual rhetorics available offer help with evaluating visual components but little guidance on ethical issues. This article presents examples of ethical conflicts, describes some of the prominent visual rhetorics, and discusses ethical issues that need to be addressed. Some steps for improving ethical awareness related to graphics and illustrations are suggested.
EARNING TO R EMEMBER R ARE E VENTS

Despite recent advances, memory-augmented deep neural networks are still limited when it comes to life-long and one-shot learning, especially in remembering rare events. We present a large-scale life-long memory module for use in deep learning. The module exploits fast nearest-neighbor algorithms for efficiency and thus scales to large memory sizes. Except for the nearest-neighbor query, the module is fully differentiable and trained end-to-end with no extra supervision. It operates in a life-long manner, i.e., without the need to reset it during training. Our memory module can be easily added to any part of a supervised neural network. To show its versatility we add it to a number of networks, from simple convolutional ones tested on image classification to deep sequence-to-sequence and recurrent-convolutional models. In all cases, the enhanced network gains the ability to remember and do life-long one-shot learning. Our module remembers training examples shown many thousands of steps in the past and it can successfully generalize from them. We set new state-of-the-art for one-shot learning on the Omniglot dataset and demonstrate, for the first time, life-long one-shot learning in recurrent neural networks on a large-scale machine translation task.
Interpersonal expectations as the building blocks of social cognition: An interdependence theory perspective.

In this paper I use interdependence theory as an analytic framework for depicting the logically interconnected network of expectations that determines social interaction. The framework focuses on expectations about a partner’s goals (B) relevant to particular interdependence situations (S), and suggests that expectations about these two elements define the social situation that activates a person’s own goals (A). Together, these elements determine interaction behavior (I). This SABI framework is complementary to Mischel and Shoda’s (1995) CAPS theory of personality in its logic. It depicts a person’s interpersonal dispositions as having profiles or signatures dependent on both the expected features of situations and the expected dispositions of partners. A taxonomic theory for classifying both situations and the functionally relevant goals of interaction partners is outlined. Research on attachment theory and trust is used to illustrate the model. Finally, I suggest that people’s expectations about partners’ prosocial motivations—their perceived responsiveness toward the self—play an imperial role in social cognition, and, further, that complex SABI models can be seen as detailing a set of security operations that serve as a program for social action. SABI models detail the set of mechanisms that constitute the basic survival kit of interpersonal relations.
A content analysis of the World Leisure Journal: 1958–2012

The World Leisure Journal (2000–present) and its predecessor publication know as IRA Bulletin (1958–1972), WLRA Bulletin (1972–1980) and the WLRA Journal (1981–2000) have served as the major conduit for disseminating information regarding the activities of the World Leisure Organization (WLO) as well as advancing the body of knowledge in recreation and leisure studies and services. As Edginton has offered “over time, WLO has consistently offered its membership a publication highlighting the activities of the organization as well as, in recent year, advancing research and scholarly findings. ” The purpose of this study was to conduct a historical content analysis of the World Leisure Journal and its predecessors from 1958 to 2012. Several areas were explored including: (1) core/primary themes as reflected in title, abstracts and keywords; (2) methodology of only research-based articles; (3) geographic distribution of authors; (4) gender of authors; and (5) affiliation of authors. The findings reveal that the geographic distribution of authors finds 44% are North Americans; 27% are European; 14% are drawn from Australia/Oceania; 8% from Asia; 3% from Africa; 2% from South America; and 2% from Middle East. When viewing authorship by gender, 70% of the authors were male and 30% were female. Slight more than 35% of the articles author(s) affiliation were with non-governmental organizations, followed by 24.2% from universities, colleges, or research institutions and 21.5% from the World Leisure and Recreation Journal/World Leisure Journal. A keyword analysis finds that the greatest percentage of articles emphasize a regional focus, followed by papers which focus on lifespan/age groups, leisure terms, leisure values/outcomes, culture/diversity, leisure management/programming and health/wellness. When viewing research methodologies employed 62.50% were identified as quantitative, 31.2% were identified as being qualitative, and 6.2% could be described as mixed method studies. The most prevalent research method utilized was survey research. The majority of articles published following the transition of the journal to a more research-focused one is that the majority of articles can be categorized as research/theoretical, followed by ones offering commentary, professional practice, conceptual frameworks, book reviews, philosophical and other.
Local affine motion prediction for H.264 without extra overhead

Conventional coding system using translation only motion estimation and compensation system cannot efficiently handle complex inter-frame motion activity including scaling, rotation and various forms of distortion. In this paper, we propose a local affine motion prediction method, which manages to enhance the inter-frame image prediction quality using the conventional motion vectors. Our method is characterized with the fact that no extra bit has to be sent to the decoder for proper decoding. Experimental results show that our method manages to achieve a maximum average bit rate reduction of 1.7% compared to the conventional inter-frame prediction method using translation only motion compensation techniques, at no cost on quality degradation.
Citizen Motivation on the Go: The Role of Psychological Empowerment

Although advances in technology now enable people to communicate ‘anytime, anyplace’, it is not clear how citizens can be motivated to actually do so. This paper evaluates the impact of three principles of psychological empowerment, namely perceived self-efficacy, sense of community and causal importance, on public transport passengers’ motivation to report issues and complaints while on the move. A week-long study with 65 participants revealed that self-efficacy and causal importance increased participation in short bursts and increased perceptions of service quality over longer periods. Finally, we discuss the implications of these findings for citizen participation projects and reflect on design opportunities for mobile technologies that motivate citizen participation. RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS • We evaluate three different factors of psychological empowerment in engaging users. • Perceived self-efficacy (PSE), causal importance (CI) and sense of community (SoC) were used. • PSE and CI lead to increased participation in short amounts of time. • PSE, CI and SoC lead to increased perceived public transportation service quality.
Vitamin D Receptor Polymorphisms and Breast Cancer Risk: Results from the National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium

Background: Vitamin D is hypothesized to lower the risk of breast cancer by inhibiting cell proliferation via the nuclear vitamin D receptor (VDR). Two common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the VDR gene (VDR), rs1544410 (BsmI), and rs2228570 (FokI), have been inconsistently associated with breast cancer risk. Increased risk has been reported for the FokI ff genotype, which encodes a less transcriptionally active isoform of VDR, and reduced risk has been reported for the BsmI BB genotype, a SNP in strong linkage disequilibrium with a 3′-untranslated region, which may influence VDR mRNA stability. Methods: We pooled data from 6 prospective studies in the National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium to examine associations between these SNPs and breast cancer among >6,300 cases and 8,100 controls for each SNP using conditional logistic regression. Results: The odds ratio (OR) for the rs2228570 (FokI) ff versus FF genotype in the overall population was statistically significantly elevated [OR, 1.16; 95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.04-1.28] but was weaker once data from the cohort with previously published positive findings were removed (OR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.98-1.24). No association was noted between rs1544410 (BsmI) BB and breast cancer risk overall (OR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.89-1.09), but the BB genotype was associated with a significantly lower risk of advanced breast cancer (OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.60-0.92). Conclusions: Although the evidence for independent contributions of these variants to breast cancer susceptibility remains equivocal, future large studies should integrate genetic variation in VDR with biomarkers of vitamin D status. (Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2009;18(1):297–305)
LDPC-in-SSD: making advanced error correction codes work effectively in solid state drives

Conventional error correction codes (ECCs), such as the commonly used BCH code, have become increasingly inadequate for solid state drives (SSDs) as the capacity of NAND flash memory continues to increase and its reliability continues to degrade. It is highly desirable to deploy a much more powerful ECC, such as low-density parity-check (LDPC) code, to significantly improve the reliability of SSDs. Although LDPC code has had its success in commercial hard disk drives, to fully exploit its error correction capability in SSDs demands unconventional fine-grained flash memory sensing, leading to an increased memory read latency. To address this important but largely unexplored issue, this paper presents three techniques to mitigate the LDPC-induced response time delay so that SSDs can benefit its strong error correction capability to the full extent. We quantitatively evaluate these techniques by carrying out trace-based SSD simulations with runtime characterization of NAND flash memory reliability and LDPC code decoding. Our study based on intensive experiments shows that these techniques used in an integrated way in SSDs can reduce the worst-case system read response time delay from over 100% down to below 20%. With our proposed techniques, a strong ECC alternative can be used in NAND flash memory to retain its reliability to respond the continuous cost reduction, and its relatively small increase of response time delay is acceptable to mainstream application users, considering a huge gain in SSD capacity, its reliability, and the price reduction.
Planning with a language for extended goals

Planning for extended goals in non-deterministic domains is one of the most significant and challenging planning problems. In spite of the recent results in this field, no work has proposed a language designed specifically for planning. As a consequence, it is still impossible to specify and plan for several classes of goals that are typical of real world applications, like for instance "try to achieve a goal whenever possible", or "if you fail to achieve a goal, recover by trying to achieve something else". We propose a new goal language that allows for capturing the intended meaning of these goals. We give a semantics to this language that is radically different from the usual semantics for extended goals, e.g., the semantics for LTL or CTL. Finally, we implement an algorithm for planning for extended goals expressed in this language, and experiment with it on a parametric domain.