Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Hybrid Method of Propensity Scales and Support Vector Machine in a Linear Epitope Prediction

An epitope activates B cells to amplify and induce antibodies which can neutralize the foreign molecules, particles and pathogens. It also plays a crucial role in developing synthetic peptides for vaccination. Identification of epitopes using biological screening approaches is time consuming and high cost. Therefore, bioinformatics approaches are developed to enhance the speed of identifying the epitopes and conserve time. Herein, a combinatorial methodology based on physico-chemical properties and SVM (Support Vector Machine) techniques was proposed to address the aim of this study. Datasets of epitope and non epitope segments with 2, 3 and 4 residues in length were trained and applied as statistical features of SVM. After training, three datasets including one curated and two public ones were employed to evaluate the performance of the proposed system which was also compared with four existing LE predictors, BepiPred, ABCpred, BCPred and FBCPred. Our proposed system has presented better specificity, accuracy, and positive prediction value (PPV) in most testing cases. High specificity and PPV of a linear epitope prediction can lead to an efficient and effective design on biological experiments.
Effect of operant self‐administration of 10% ethanol plus 10% sucrose on dopamine and ethanol concentrations in the nucleus accumbens

Although operant ethanol self‐administration can increase accumbal dopamine activity, the relationship between dopamine and ethanol levels during consumption remains unclear. We trained Long‐Evans rats to self‐administer escalating concentrations of ethanol (with 10% sucrose) over 7 days, during which two to four lever presses resulted in 20 min of access to the solution with no further response requirements. Accumbal microdialysis was performed in rats self‐administering 10% ethanol (plus 10% sucrose) or 10% sucrose alone. Most ethanol (1.6 ± 0.2 g/kg) and sucrose intake occurred during the first 10 min of access. Sucrose ingestion did not induce significant changes in dopamine concentrations. Dopamine levels increased within the first 5 min of ethanol availability followed by a return to baseline, whereas brain ethanol levels reached peak concentration more than 40 min later. We found significant correlations between intake and dopamine concentration during the initial 10 min of consumption. Furthermore, ethanol‐conditioned rats consuming 10% sucrose showed no effect of ethanol expectation on dopamine activity. The transient rise in dopamine during ethanol ingestion suggests that the dopamine response was not solely due to the pharmacological properties of ethanol. The dopamine response may be related to the stimulus properties of ethanol presentation, which were strongest during consumption.
A Inclusão de Pessoas com Necessidades Especiais no Ensino Superior

trata-se de uma revisao integrativa que objetivou analisar a producao cientifica sobre a educacao inclusiva no ensino superior. Os dados foram coletados nas bases de dados Lilacs, Scielo, Cochrane, Medline e PubMed, entre os anos 2005 e 2014, utilizando-se os descritores controlados Special Education, Education Higher, Mainstreaming Education e Disabled Personse e os descritores nao controlados Educacao Especial, Educacao Superior, Inclusao Educacional e Pessoas com Deficiencia; Educacion Superior, Propension Educacion, Personas com Discapacidad. A amostra constituiu em 16 artigos. As publicacoes sobre a educacao inclusiva no ensino superior tem sido tenues, demonstrando que ainda ha muito a avancar nesse assunto. Conclui-se que o tema educacao inclusiva e mais estudado em relacao as criancas; as atencoes dos estudiosos em relacao a pessoas adultas com necessidades especiais envolvem mais a assistencia em saude e nao a educacao inclusiva no ensino superior.
The Use of Coding Theory in Computational Complexity

The interplay of coding theory and computational complexity theory is a rich source of results and problems. This article surveys three of the major themes in this area: the use of codes to improve algorithmic eeciency the theory of program testing and correcting, which is a complexity theoretic analogue of error detection and correction the use of codes to obtain characterizations of traditional complexity classes such as NP and PSPACE; these new characterizations are in turn used to show that certain combinatorial optimization problems are as hard to approximate closely as they are to solve exactly.
Consumers and Ubiquitous Commerce

Overview Over the past decade the rapid proliferation of electronic commerce technologies has fundamentally transformed the way we conduct business. This trend is expected to accelerate in the coming years due to a number of different factors, including the introduction of new mobile and ubiquitous computing technologies; the wider recognition by business of the strategic advantages offered by the implementation of ubiquitous computing and communications infrastructures; the emergence of novel business models which become possible only through this technology; and last but not least the development of new economics that can be used to understand and value ubiquitous commerce activity.
Microscopic and compartment shape anisotropies in gray and white matter revealed by angular bipolar double‐PFG MR

Diffusion MR has become one of the most important tools for studying neuronal tissues. Conventional single‐pulsed‐field‐gradient methodologies are capable of faithfully depicting diffusion anisotropy in coherently ordered structures, providing important microstructural information; however, it is extremely difficult to characterize randomly oriented compartments using conventional single‐pulsed‐field‐gradient MR. The angular double‐pulsed‐field‐gradient methodology can potentially overcome the limitations of conventional single‐pulsed‐field‐gradient MR, and offer microstructural information on microscopic anisotropy and compartment shape anisotropy even when anisotropic compartments are completely randomly oriented. Here, we used angular double‐pulsed‐field‐gradient MR at different mixing times to study isolated gray matter and white matter, respectively, and the results are compared with phantoms in which compartments are randomly oriented and coherently organized, respectively. We find that angular bipolar double‐pulsed‐field‐gradient MR offers novel microstructural information, especially in the gray matter, depicting the local microscopic and compartment shape anisotropies present. Furthermore, direct comparison between the angular dependencies arising from white and gray matter at different mixing times reveals signatures for these tissues that are based on compartment shape anisotropy. These findings demonstrate that microstructural information can indeed be obtained from gray matter, and therefore, angular double‐pulsed‐field‐gradient MR is promising for future application in MRI of the central‐nervous‐system. Magn Reson Med, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Path Analysis to Identify Factors Influencing Health Skills and Behaviors in Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Background Studies conducted in the past mostly rely on models of functional health literacy in adult populations. However, such models do not satisfy the need for health intervention in adolescents. The identification of key factors influencing adolescents' health literacy is essential in developing effective prevention and intervention measures. This study aimed to test a theoretical model of predictors on health skills and health behaviors in adolescents. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Guangdong using a multi-stage stratified cluster sample design. A representative random sample of 3821 students aged 13–25 years was selected using multi-stage stratified cluster sampling. The path analysis was used to test a hypothesized model of health literacy. Results The path analysis showed that knowledge of infectious disease (β = 0.26), health skills (β = 0.22), health concept (β = 0.20), general health knowledge (β = 0.15), gender (β = 0.12), and school performance (β = 0.06) had positive direct effect on health behaviors in adolescents. The explanatory variables accounted for 43% of the variance in explaining health behaviors. Knowledge of infectious disease (β = 0.30), health concept (β = 0.17), general health knowledge (β = 0.13), and school performance (β = 0.05) had positive indirect effect on health behaviors through the impacts on health skills. Conclusion This study identified several direct and indirect factors influencing health skills and health behaviors in adolescents. These findings will assist health professionals designing effective health interventions that aim to improve health skills and health behaviors in adolescents.
Abelian regular subgroups of the affine group and radical rings

We establish a link between abelian regular subgroup of the affine group, and commutative, associative algebra structures on the underlying vector space that are (Jacobson) radical rings. As an application, we show that if the underlying field has positive characteristic, then an abelian regular subgroup has finite exponent if the vector space is finite-dimensional, while it can be torsion free if the dimension is infinite. We also give an example of an abelian, regular subgroup of the affine group over an infinite vector space, which intersects trivially the group of translations.
A Step-By-Step Implementation of a Hybrid USD/JPY Trading Agent

In this article we describe the step-by-step implementation of an agent that can trade the USD/JPY currency pair using a 6 hours timeframe. The agent is capable of trading autonomously due to its ability to handle money management and to decide when to buy or sell the currency pair. Its implementation consists of a prediction mechanism, which it uses to forecast the direction of the price, and a risk management system, which enables it to make decisions regarding how much to invest in each trade and when to avoid trading. We present several alternatives for the price prediction mechanism, from using a standalone classification or regression model to using an ensemble with fixed or dynamic vote weights. The agent performed simulated trades over a period of 17 months, and obtained a return of around 50% using low leverage and after taking into account the trading costs.
Serotonin Transporter Genotype Linked to Adolescent Substance Use Treatment Outcome through Externalizing Behavior

Meta-analyses suggest that the serotonin transporter linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) short (S) allele, relative to the long (L) allele, is associated with risk for alcohol dependence, particularly among individuals with early onset antisocial alcoholism. Youth in substance use treatment tend to show antisocial or externalizing behaviors, such as conduct problems, which predict worse treatment outcome. This study examined a pathway in which 5-HTTLPR genotype is associated with externalizing behavior, and the intermediate phenotype of externalizing behavior serves as a link between 5-HTTLPR genotype and substance use treatment outcome in youth. Adolescents (n = 142) who were recruited from addictions treatment were genotyped for 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms (S and LG carriers vs. LALA), assessed for externalizing and internalizing behaviors shortly after starting treatment, and followed over 6-months. 5-HTTLPR genotype was not associated with internalizing behaviors, and was not directly associated with 6-month substance use outcomes. However, 5-HTTLPR genotype was associated with externalizing behaviors (S and LG > LALA), and externalizing behaviors predicted alcohol and marijuana problem severity at 6-month follow-up. Results indicated an indirect (p < 0.05) and non-specific (i.e., both alcohol and marijuana severity) effect of 5-HTTLPR genotype on youth substance use treatment outcomes, with externalizing behaviors as an important linking factor. Adolescents in substance use treatment with low expressing (S and LG) 5-HTTLPR alleles and externalizing behavior might benefit from intervention that addresses serotonergic functioning, externalizing behaviors, and substance use to improve outcomes.
Asset Price Dynamics with Heterogeneous Beliefs and Local Network Interactions

In this paper we investigate the effects of network topologies on asset price dynamics. We introduce network communications into a simple asset pricing model with heterogeneous beliefs. The agents may switch between several belief types according to their performance. The performance information is available to the agents only locally through their own experience and the experience of other agents directly connected to them. We model the communications with four commonly considered network topologies: a fully connected network, a regular lattice, a small world, and a random graph. The results show that the network topologies influence asset price dynamics in terms of the regions of stability, amplitudes of fluctuations and statistical properties.
Coexpression of mRNAs for NGF, BDNF, and NT-3 in the cardiovascular system of the pre- and postnatal rat

The expression of NGF, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) mRNAs was examined in whole rat embryos and in the heart and great vessels of postnatal and adult rats, using in situ hybridization of cRNA probes. The patterns of expression were correlated with innervation patterns as revealed by immunostaining for neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) and with the HNK-1 antibody, which demonstrates derivatives of the neural crest. The patterns of neurotrophin mRNA localization were different from those of mRNAs for the low-molecular-weight NGF receptor. Hybridization indicating the presence of mRNAs for all three neurotrophins is particularly prominent within the tunica media of the aorta, pulmonary, and other major elastic arteries of the thorax and abdomen and is first observed on embryonic day 13 (E13) when innervation is being established and rises to maximum by E15. In the fetus, there is little or no detectable expression in the CNS or PNS. NT-3 expression in the vessels is relatively constant and high from embryonic to adult stages, while levels of BDNF increase and those of NGF decrease over the same time course. During the fetal period, hybridization in the heart is absent. In the postnatal period, additional label becomes detectable in the coronary arteries but not in the walls of the atria or ventricles, other than at the base of the aorta and pulmonary trunk. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Politics, Transaction Costs, and the Design of Regulatory Institutions

Providing a more complete framework for assessing the efficiency of government intervention requires moving away from the idealistic perspective typically found in the normative approach to traditional public economics, contend the authors. Such a move requires viewing the government not as a monolithic entity but as many different government bodies, each with its own constituency and regulatory tools. Not only is the"multitiered"government limited in its ability to commit, but interest groups influence the regulatory process and impose significant transaction costs on government interventions and on their outcome. The authors discuss the nature of those transaction costs and argue that the overall design of the government is the result of their minimization. Among the points they make in their conclusions: 1) Safeguards built into regulatory contracts sometimes reflect and sometimes imply transactions costs which influence, or should influence, the optimal tradeoff between rent and efficient in ways practitioners sometimes ignore. 2) Most of the literature on transaction costs arising from government failures would agree that to be sustainable, regulatory institutions should be independent, autonomous, and accountable. How these criteria are met is determined by the way transaction costs are minimized, which in turn drives the design of the regulatory framework. In practice, for example, if there at commitment problems, short-term institutional contracts between players are more likely to ensure autonomy and independence. This affects the duration of the nomination of the regulators. Short-term contracts may be best, but contracts for regulators typically last four to eight years and are often renewable. The empirical debate about the design of regulators'jobs is a possible source of tension. Practitioners typically recommend choosing regulators based on professional rather than political criteria, but that may not be the best way to minimize regulatory capture. Professional experts are likely to come from the sector they are supposed to regulate and are likely to return to it sooner or later (as typically happens in developing countries). On the other hand, electedregulators are unlikely to be much more independent than professional regulators; they will simply represent different interests. Practitioners and theorists alike emphasize different sources of capture and agree that one way to deal with its risk is to make sure the selection process involves both executive and legislative branches.
NETWORK ERROR CORRECTION, PART II: LOWER BOUNDS

In Part I of this paper, we introduced the paradigm of network error correction as a generalization of classical link-by-link error correction. We also obtained the network generalizations of the Hamming bound and the Singleton bound in classical algebraic coding theory. In Part II, we prove the network generalization of the Gilbert-Varshamov bound and its enhancement. With the latter, we show that the tightness of the Singleton bound is preserved in the network setting. We also discuss the implication of the results in this paper. Definition 2. An etwork code ist-error-correcting if it can correct all τ -errors for τ ≤ t, i.e., if the total number of errors in the network is at most t, then the source message can be recovered by all the sink nodes u ∈U.A network code is Y-error-correcting if it can correct E-errors for all E ∈ Y. In Part I, we have proved the network generalizations of the Hamming bound and the Singleton bound. In this part, we will prove a network generalization of the Gilbert-Varshamov bound and its enhancement. With the latter, we will show that the tightness of the Singleton bound is preserved in the network setting. The rest of Part II is organized as follows. In Section 2, we prove the Gilbert bound and the Varshamov bound for network error-correcting codes. In Section 3, we sharpen the Varshamov bound obtained in Section 2 to the strengthened Varshamov bound. By means of the latter, we prove the tightness of the Singleton bound for
Subjective Sleep Complaints Are Associated With Insulin Resistance in Individuals Without Diabetes

OBJECTIVE Sleep disorders and subjective sleep complaints have been associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes. The evidence with respect to insulin resistance (IR) and insulin secretion in individuals without type 2 diabetes has been scarce and elusive. We examined if subjective sleep complaints and their co-occurrence were associated with IR and insulin secretion in adult women and men without diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Women (n = 442) and men (n = 354) 18–75 years of age without type 2 diabetes underwent an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), with insulin and glucose measured at fasting and at 30 and 120 min. Complaints related to sleep apnea, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness were self-rated with the Basic Nordic Sleep Questionnaire. RESULTS In comparison with individuals with no or minor sleep complaints, those with more frequent complaints of sleep apnea, insomnia, and daytime sleepiness were more insulin resistant, as evidenced by higher fasting insulin concentrations and insulin and glucose responses to OGTT, and more frequently had high homeostasis model assessment of IR and low insulin sensitivity index values. The likelihood of being insulin resistant increased significantly and linearly according to the accumulation of co-occurring sleep complaints. These associations changed only a little when adjusted for mediating and confounding factors and for depressive symptoms. Sleep complaints were not associated with indices of deficiency in insulin secretion. CONCLUSIONS Subjective sleep complaints were associated with IR. The likelihood of being insulin resistant increased according to accumulation of co-occurring sleep complaints. Sleep complaints were not associated with deficiency in insulin secretion.
Characterizing core stability with fuzzy games

This paper investigates core stability of cooperative, TU games via a fuzzy extension of the totally balanced cover of a TU game. The stability of the core of the fuzzy extension of a game, the concave extension, is shown to reflect the core stability of the original game and vice versa. Stability of the core is then shown to be equivalent to the existence of an equilibrium of a certain correspondence.
Identification of key structural determinants of the IntI1 integron integrase that influence attC × attI1 recombination efficiency

The integron platform codes for an integrase (IntI) from the tyrosine family of recombinases that mediates recombination between a proximal double-strand recombination site, attI and a single-strand target recombination site, attC. The attI site is only recognized by its cognate integrase, while the various tested attCs sites are recombined by several different IntI integrases. We have developed a genetic system to enrich and select mutants of IntI1 that provide a higher yield of recombination in order to identify key protein structural elements important for attC × attI1 recombination. We isolated mutants with higher activity on wild type and mutant attC sites. Interestingly, three out of four characterized IntI1 mutants selected on different substrates are mutants of the conserved aspartic acid in position 161. The IntI1 model we made based on the VchIntIA 3D structure suggests that substitution at this position, which plays a central role in multimer assembly, can increase or decrease the stability of the complex and accordingly influence the rate of attI × attC recombination versus attC × attC. These results suggest that there is a balance between the specificity of the protein and the protein/protein interactions in the recombination synapse.
Analyzing parameter influence on time-series segmentation and labeling

Reconstructing processes from measurements of multiple sensors over time is an important task in many application domains. For the reconstruction, these multivariate time-series can be automatically processed. However, the outcomes of automated algorithms often vary in quality and show strong parameter dependencies, making manual inspections and adjustments of the results necessary. We propose a visual analysis approach to support the user in understanding parameters' influences on these results. With our approach the user can identify and select parameter settings that meet certain quality criteria. The proposed visual and interactive design helps to identify relationships and temporal patterns, supports subsequent decision making, and promotes higher accuracy as well as confidence in the results.