Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Outbreak of Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever in Angola: A Review of the History of the Disease and its Biological Aspects

Transmission of a dangerous infectious disease threatens not merely a local population but the world at large as the result of immigration and increased and faster travel. Any outbreak elicits considerable concern and demands that various precautionary methods be instituted and that the disease be contained as quickly as possible. Recently, an old disease, one that may have been present for centuries and was identified decades ago, reared its ugly head, killing more than 200 people before it was contained. Fortunately, the disease, Marburg hemorrhagic fever, was limited to a small geographic area, but the devastation of lives was much greater than that of many epidemics and was a warning of the numerous factors, including fear, lack of understanding, and deception, that can exacerbate the spread of disease and hinder implementation of restraints. This article reviews the history of the disease caused by Marburg virus and its biological components.
Islamic Education teachers' perceptions of the teaching of akhlāq in Malaysian secondary schools

The teaching of akhlāq (moral values) in Islamic Education lessons is one of the important aspects in the Integrated Curriculum for Secondary Schools in Malaysia. Its purpose is to develop the potential of the individual in a holistic, balanced and integrated manner, encompassing the intellectual, spiritual, emotional and physical aspects in order to create a balanced and harmonious human being with high moral standards. The aim of this article is to examine teachers' perceptions of the teaching of akhlāq at secondary school level. Data were collected from 22 respondents about the process of teaching and learning akhlāq, the school environment and the internal and external factors that might influence the students' akhlāq. The study found that most of the Islamic Education teachers interviewed were satisfied with the process of teaching and learning akhlāq in their schools. Despite a few weaknesses in terms of implementation, they believed that school activities, religious activities and school regulation.
Simulation of Barotropic and Baroclinic Tides off Northern British Columbia

Abstract The tidal response of northern British Columbia coastal waters is studied through simulations with a three-dimensional, prognostic, primitive equation model. The model is forced at the boundaries with the leading semidiurnal and diurnal constituents and experiments with stratified and homogeneous fluid are compared. The barotropic response shows good agreement with previously published studies of tides in the region. A comparison with tide gauge measurements indicates that average relative rms differences between observations and the model surface elevation field are less than 5% for the largest constituents. An internal tide is generated in cases where the model is initialized with a vertical stratification. Diagnostic calculations of the baroclinic energy flux are used to identify regions of generation and propagation of internal tidal energy. With a representative summer stratification, the integrated offshore flux is about 0.5 gigawatts, higher than previously estimated from theoretical model.
Making Qualitative Research Reports Less Boring

In general, like Laurel Richardson, the author finds qualitative research reports boring to read. This article shows how the use of creative nonfiction techniques can make such reports less boring. Creative nonfiction involves writing nonfiction using fiction techniques. Creative nonfiction arose in the 1960s when it was called “The New Journalism. ” The word creative in creative nonfiction might imply that it does not keep to the facts, but the aim of creative nonfiction is to tell the truth, and this certainly applies in its application to writing qualitative research reports. The article describes a number of fiction techniques and illustrates them with examples drawn from creative nonfiction writings.
THE EFFECTS OF ROLE-PLAY ON CONCEPT UNDERSTANDING AND CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS OF MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS

In this capstone investigation students learned about environmental science topics through the use of role-play to determine how their understanding of the subject matter would change. The study also looked into the effect of role-play on students’ critical thinking, their motivation and attitude, as well as the teacher’s motivation and attitude. During two treatment units students were assigned fictitious characters with an array of problems and situations and the students researched the assigned topic through the eyes of their character. At the end of each unit, students gathered for a debate that would take place while in character. A combination of pre and postunit assessments, surveys, interviews, pro and con grids, journal entries, and colleague observations were utilized to gather data about students and the teacher. Results showed an improvement in student understanding, critical thinking, and attitudes and motivation. The results also revealed an improvement in the teacher’s attitude and motivation.
Limitations of serum ferritin to predict liver iron concentration responses to deferasirox therapy in patients with transfusion‐dependent thalassaemia

In transfusion‐dependent anaemias, while absolute serum ferritin levels broadly correlate with liver iron concentration (LIC), relationships between trends in these variables are unclear. These relationships are important because serum ferritin changes are often used to adjust or switch chelation regimens when liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is unavailable.
Cuts and Bruises Caused by Arrows, Sticks, and Stones in Academia

Bullying is a serious problem in contemporary society because it negatively affects not only people who are victims of bullying and bystanders but also organizations and workplaces. It occurs almost everywhere including K-12 education, postsecondary education, and workplaces. Based on the author’s narrative study, this article explores and theorizes three types of adult bullying in higher education from the academic experiences of 19 gay male faculty of color. The data were collected via in-depth individual interviews using a semi-structured interview guide, transcribed, and analyzed. The data revealed three types of bullying: (a) positional bullying, (b) counter-positional bullying, and (c) unintentional conspirative positional bullying. This article will provide a snapshot of each type of bullying through participant narratives and discuss the implications for higher and adult education in the pursuit of diversity and social justice.
Parents' Plans to Discuss Sexuality with Their Young Children

Two hundred and fourteen (214) parents of young children (M age = 6.75 years) were surveyed about their plans for sexuality discussions with their children. Parents were asked to indicate when they would first discuss sex education with their children for 15 specific topics, how effective they perceived themselves to be at discussing each topic, and to describe their experiences receiving sex education from their own parents. Parents reported being educated mostly by their mothers and rated both of their parents as ineffective educators. Compared to a similar survey of parents conducted in 1982, parents in the current study intended to discuss sexual abuse at an earlier age but to delay discussing genital differences, birth, and reproduction. Compared to fathers, mothers intended to discuss sexuality at earlier ages and anticipated being more effective. Intended age of discussion differed between ethnic groups and between parents who described themselves as being religious versus not religious. Parents’ intentions to discuss varied between sons and daughters for certain topics, and there were two topics that a considerable number of parents did not intend to discuss with their children (i.e., masturbation and nocturnal emissions). Suggestions for helping parents communicate more comfortably with their young children about sexuality topics are offered.
Switched pattern antenna diversity in the on-body environment

The loss of on-body paths for changes in body posture has been measured using a switched beam diversity disk-loaded parasitic monopole antenna array. The antenna is designed for 2.45 GHz ISM band and is fed through a coplanar waveguide (CPW) feeding system. It has a gain of 6.7 dBi and the input return loss bandwidth is about 10%. The measurements have been made for the links between the belt and chest and for the belt to the wrist. In most of the cases, better performance is achieved with this diversity antenna compared to a reference monopole.
Pygmalion, Goal Setting, and Expectancy: Compatible Ways to Boost Productivity

The Pygmalion, goal-setting, and need-for-achievement approaches use effort-to-performance expectancy in order to explain work motivation. The motivation to expend effort is distinguished from the motivation to choose a task. Expectancy is conceptualized both as a stable trait and as a changing state. A resolution of rival hypotheses derived from expectancy theory and the theory of achievement motivation is proposed. An integrative model posits that raising expectations and setting difficult goals are mutually reinforcing means that can boost productivity. It is argued that measuring expectancy as subjective probability of success (SPS) has impeded expectancy research Comparative quantiles and amount of output expected are proposed as alternatives to SPS.
Clinical use of aclidinium in patients with COPD

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the sixth-leading cause of death in the US. The Global initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for the clinical management of chronic COPD. Long-acting inhaled bronchodilators continue to be the mainstay of current management. Aclidinium bromide (Tudorza™ Pressair™) joins tiotropium as a long-acting inhaled antimuscarinic bronchodilator approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for the maintenance treatment of COPD. Early studies demonstrated aclidinium’s significant bronchodilatory effects supporting once-daily dosing; however, two Phase III studies, Aclidinium Clinical Trial Assessing Efficacy and Safety in Moderate to Severe COPD Patients (ACCLAIM/COPD) I and ACCLAIM/COPD II, in which patients were randomized to receive aclidinium 200 μg daily, failed to achieve the minimal clinically important difference in improvement of trough forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), suggesting the need for higher doses or more frequent dosing. Additional studies – Aclidinium to Treat Airway Obstruction in COPD Patients (ATTAIN) and Aclidinium in Chronic Obstructive Respiratory Disease (ACCORD) I – were undertaken to compare 200 and 400 μg twice-daily dosing. The mean improvements from baseline in trough FEV1 in the 400 μg groups were +129 mL over 24 weeks and +124 mL over 12 weeks in ATTAIN and ACCORD I, respectively. Aclidinium also had beneficial effects on health-related quality of life and other endpoints, such as rescue medication use and rates of exacerbations. Aclidinium bromide inhalation powder is generally well tolerated in patients with COPD, with headache, cough, diarrhea, and rhinosinusitis among the most commonly reported adverse events. Cardiovascular side effects were rarely reported. Patient satisfaction studies found that patients using the aclidinium delivery device had fewer errors affecting drug delivery than those using the tiotropium device and, overall, the aclidinium device was preferred to the tiotropium device. In conclusion, aclidinium bromide is approved for use in the US at a dose of 400 μg twice daily and is a promising alternative to tiotropium.
Domestic Violence by Another Name: Crimes of Passion in Fin-de-Siècle Paris

This article investigates practices of domestic violence behind "crimes of passion" in fin-de-siècle Paris. Professional discourses attributed crimes of passion to a loss of rational control caused by suggestive images in the media and the atomization of modern urban life. Yet far from being symptomatic of social disintegration, this article argues that crimes of passion reveal complex local systems of social control at the household and neighborhood level. Testimony in more than 250 cases of violent crime between domestic partners tried in the assize court of the Seine shows that victims and perpetrators alike were firmly embedded in close-knit urban communities, where neighbors had detailed knowledge of each other's daily lives and readily intervened in domestic disputes. From this perspective, it is possible to construct a social history of domestic violence even in a time and place where the concept was not yet subject to feminist analysis.
Alternative Splicing of CIPK3 Results in Distinct Target Selection to Propagate ABA Signaling in Arabidopsis

Calcium (Ca2+) signaling is pivotal in transmission of information in the cell. Various Ca2+ sensing molecules work to sense and relay the encrypted messages to the intended targets in the cell to maintain this signal transduction. CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) are crucial components of Ca2+ signal transduction during various abiotic stresses. Although there are intron rich CIPKs in the plant genome but very little has been reported about their alternative splicing. Moreover the physiological significance of this event in the Ca2+ signaling is still elusive. Therefore in this study, we have selected CIPK3, which has highest number of splice variants amongst Arabidopsis CIPKs. Expression profiling of five splice variants of CIPK3 by qRT-PCR in four Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes revealed preferential transcript accumulation but similar subcellular localization of the variants and interaction with similar CBLs. ABA and drought treatment resulted in the higher accumulation of the alternately spliced transcripts of CIPK3 in Arabidopsis ecotype Wassilewkija. The transcripts of CIPK3.1 and CIPK3.4 are relatively more induced compared to other alternative splice variants. Out of four splice variants studied, we found CIPK3.1 and CIPK3.2 showing preference for ABR1, a previously reported interactor of CIPK3. We conclude that the differential expression and choice of downstream partner by CIPK3-splice variants might be one of the mechanisms of Ca2+ mediated preferential regulation of ABA and other stress signals.
Top Down versus Bottom Up: The Social Construction of the Health Literacy Movement

The health literacy movement has been socially constructed over time. Unlike the consumer health information movement, which developed with broad public support, the health literacy movement has been fashioned primarily from the top down, initiated by policy makers and imposed on targeted populations. Interest in the health literacy movement has waxed and waned, often dependent on political agendas. In an era of increasing health care costs, it is not surprising that health literacy is once again at the forefront, given that economists and policy makers currently estimate the cost of limited health literacy in the United States to be between $1.6 to $3.6 trillion annually. Health literacy has been recognized as an issue key to the success of health care reform and to the continued advancement of the nation’s status as an international leader where health and well-being are concerned. Yet, the health literacy movement has met with limited success.
Childhood/early adolescence-onset and adult-onset schizophrenia. Heterogeneity at the dopamine D3 receptor gene.

BACKGROUND The dopamine D3 receptor gene (DRD3) is a meaningful candidate gene because it unifies the dopamine and the limbic hypotheses for schizophrenia. We tested for an allelic association between schizophrenia and the DRD3 Mscl alleles, hypothesising heterogeneity between childhood/early adolescence-onset schizophrenia (CO-SZ) and adult-onset schizophrenia (A-SZ). METHOD The frequencies of the DRD3 alleles were compared between 70 DSM-III-R schizophrenics (35 CO-SZ and 35 A-SZ) and 79 controls. RESULTS Compared with the controls, the subsample of A-SZ, but not CO-SZ, showed an over-proportion (P = 0.025) of allele 1. The association was not found in the total sample, combining the two subsamples. CONCLUSIONS Consistently with former studies, our data suggest an aetiological heterogeneity between CO-SZ and A-SZ and a possible specificity of the excess of allele 1 to the familial form of schizophrenia and to schizophrenia with a better outcome.
The motivational underpinnings of religion

Terror management theory and research can rectify shortcomings in Atran & Norenzayan's (A&N's) analysis of religion. (1) Religious and secular worldviews are much more similar than the target article supposes; (2) a propensity for embracing supernatural beliefs is likely to have conferred an adaptive advantage over the course of evolution; and (3) the claim that supernatural agent beliefs serve a terror management function independent of worldview bolstering is not empirically supported.
Investigation of Associations between NR1D1, RORA and RORB Genes and Bipolar Disorder

Several genes that are involved in the regulation of circadian rhythms are implicated in the susceptibility to bipolar disorder (BD). The current study aimed to investigate the relationships between genetic variants in NR1D1 RORA, and RORB genes and BD in the Han Chinese population. We conducted a case-control genetic association study with two samples of BD patients and healthy controls. Sample I consisted of 280 BD patients and 200 controls. Sample II consisted of 448 BD patients and 1770 healthy controls. 27 single nucleotide polymorphisms in the NR1D1, RORA, and RORB genes were genotyped using GoldenGate VeraCode assays in sample I, and 492 markers in the three genes were genotyped using Affymetrix Genome-Wide CHB Array in sample II. Single marker and gene-based association analyses were performed using PLINK. A combined p-value for the joining effects of all markers within a gene was calculated using the rank truncated product method. Multifactor dimensionality reduction (MDR) method was also applied to test gene-gene interactions in sample I. All markers were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (P>0.001). In sample I, the associations with BD were observed for rs4774388 in RORA (OR = 1.53, empirical p-value, P = 0.024), and rs1327836 in RORB (OR = 1.75, P = 0.003). In Sample II, there were 45 SNPs showed associations with BD, and the most significant marker in RORA was rs11639084 (OR = 0.69, P = 0.002), and in RORB was rs17611535 (OR = 3.15, P = 0.027). A combined p-value of 1.6×10−6, 0.7, and 1.0 was obtained for RORA, RORB and NR1D1, respectively, indicting a strong association for RORA with the risk of developing BD. A four way interaction was found among markers in NR1D1, RORA, and RORB with the testing accuracy 53.25% and a cross-validation consistency of 8 out of 10. In sample II, 45 markers had empirical p-values less than 0.05. The most significant markers in RORA and RORB genes were rs11639084 (OR = 0.69, P = 0.002), and rs17611535 (OR = 3.15, P = 0.027), respectively. Gene-based association was significant for RORA gene (P = 0.0007). Our results support for the involvement of RORs genes in the risk of developing BD. Investigation of the functional properties of genes in the circadian pathway may further enhance our understanding about the pathogenesis of bipolar illness.
Offender Rehabilitation

Enormous gains in knowledge regarding the effective treatment of offenders for the purposes of reducing recidivism have been accomplished in recent years. Several successful assessment and treatment strategies have been identified in this regard. Nevertheless, there are obstacles to future progress in the field. These are identified as theoreticism, failure to effect technology transfer, and a dearth of suitable training programs. Some suggestions are advanced for addressing these problems.
A Global Mindset — A Prerequisite for Successful Internationalization?

Abstract This study offers a contribution to our understanding of the role of a global mindset in the successful internationalization of small and medium-sized companies. The particular focus is on the drivers of the global mindset and the connection with performance. We created a framework and tested it, empirically, with a representative sample of small Finnish companies in the field of information and communications technology (ICT). The findings indicate that managerial experience and market characteristics are important drivers of the global mindset, which, in turn, is one of the key parameters of international performance. The paper includes our conclusions, a discussion of the limitations of the study and the managerial implications, and suggestions for future research. Resume La presente etude se propose de faire comprendre le role que joue la mentalite globale dans l'internationalisation heureuse des petites et moyennes entreprises. Nous nous appesantissons surtout sur les facteurs motivants de la mentalite et sur ses rapports avec la performance. Nous creons un cadre que nous testons, de facon empirique, a partir d'un echantillon representatif de petites entreprises finnoises operant dans le secteur des Technologies de l'information et de la communication (ICT). Les resultats indiquent que l'experience en matiere de gestion et les caracteristiques du marche sont des catalyseurs importants de la mentalite globale qui, a son tour, est l'un des parametres cle de la performance internationale. L'etude degage egalement nos conclusions, ses implications en matiere de gestion, ses limites et propose des pistes de recherche futures.
Transport and epithelial secretion of the cardiac glycoside, digoxin, by human intestinal epithelial (Caco‐2) cells

1 Human intestinal epithelial Caco‐2 cells have been used to investigate the transepithelial permeation of the cardiac glycoside, digoxin. 2 Transepithelial basal to apical [3H]‐digoxin flux exceeds apical to basal flux, a net secretion of [3H]‐digoxin being observed. At 200 μm digoxin, net secretory flux (Jnet) was 10.8 ± 0.6 nmol cm−2 h−1. Maximal secretory flux (Jmax) of vinblastine was 1.3 ± 0.1 nmol cm−2 h−1. Cellular uptake of digoxin was different across apical and basal cell boundaries. It was greatest across the basal surface at 1 μm, whereas at 200 μm, apical uptake exceeded basal uptake. 3 Net secretion of [3H]‐digoxin was subject to inhibition by digitoxin and bufalin but was not inhibited by ouabain, convallatoxin, and strophanthidin (all 100 μm). Inhibition was due to both a decrease in Jb‐a and an increase in Ja‐b. Uptake of [3H]‐digoxin at the apical surface was increased by digitoxin and bufalin. All cardiac glycosides decreased [3H]‐digoxin uptake at the basal cell surface (except for 100 μm digitoxin). 4 The competitive P‐glycoprotein inhibitors, verapamil (100 μm), nifedipine (50 μm) and vinblastine (50 μm) all abolished net secretion of [3H]‐digoxin due to both a decrease in Jb‐a and an increase in Ja‐b. Cellular accumulation of [3H]‐digoxin was also increased across both the apical and basal cell surfaces. 1‐Chloro‐2,4,‐dinitrobenzene (10 μm), a substrate for glutathione‐S‐transferase and subsequent ATP‐dependent glutathione‐S‐conjugate secretion, failed to inhibit net secretion of [3H]‐digoxin. The increase in absorptive permeability Pa‐b (= Ja‐b/Ca) and cellular [3H]‐digoxin uptake upon P‐glycoprotein inhibition, showed that the intestinal epithelium was rendered effectively impermeable by ATP‐dependent extrusion at the apical surface. 5 A model for [3H]‐digoxin secretion by the intestinal epithelium is likely to involve both diffusional uptake and Na+‐K+ pump‐mediated endocytosis, followed by active extrusion at the apical membrane.