Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Phytochemical Modulators of Mitochondria: The Search for Chemopreventive Agents and Supportive Therapeutics

Mitochondria are crucially important for maintaining not only the energy homeostasis, but the proper cellular functions in a general sense. Impairment of mitochondrial functions is observed in a broad variety of pathological states such as neoplastic transformations and cancer, neurodegenerative diseases, metabolic disorders and chronic inflammation. Currently, in parallel to the classical drug design approaches, there is an increasing interest in the screening for natural bioactive substances, mainly phytochemicals, in order to develop new therapeutic solutions for the mentioned pathologies. Dietary phytochemicals such as resveratrol, curcumin and sulforaphane are very well tolerated and can effectively complement classical pharmacological therapeutic regimens. In this paper we disscuss the effect of the chosen phytochemicals (e.g., resveratrol, curcumin, sulforaphane) on various aspects of mitochondrial biology, namely mitochondrial biogenesis, membrane potential and reactive oxygen species production, signaling to and from the nucleus and unfolded protein response.
A Finite Horizon Optimal Multiple Switching Problem

-1We consider the problem of optimal multiple switching in a finite horizon when the state of the system, including the switching costs, is a general adapted stochastic process. The problem is formulated as an extended impulse control problem and solved using probabilistic tools such as the Snell envelope of processes and reflected backward stochastic differential equations. Finally, when the state of the system is a Markov process, we show that the associated vector of value functions provides a viscosity solution to a system of variational inequalities with interconnected obstacles.
Maximum Values in Queueing Processes

Motivated by extreme-value engineering in service systems, we develop and evaluate simple approximations for the distributions of maximum values of queueing processes over large time intervals. We provide approximations for several different processes, such as the waiting times of successive customers, the remaining workload at an arbitrary time, and the queue length at an arbitrary time, in a variety of models. All our approximations are based on extreme-value limit theorems. Our first approach is to approximate the queueing process by one-dimensional reflected Brownian motion (RBM). We then apply the extremevalue limit for RBM, which we derive here. Our second approach starts from exponential asymptotics for the tail of the steady-state distribution. We obtain an approximation by relating the given process to an associated sequence of i.i. d. random variables with the same asymptotic exponential tail. We use estimates of the asymptotic variance of the queueing process to determine an approximate number of variables in this associated i.i. d. sequence. Our third approach is to simplify GI/G/1 extreme-value limiting formulas in Iglehart [25] by approximating the distribution of an idle period by the stationary-excess distribution of an interarrival time. We use simulation to evaluate the quality of these approximations for the maximum workload. From the simulations we obtain a rough estimate of the time when the extreme-value limit theorems begin to yield good approximations.
Characteristics of Telescopium telescopium on mangrove ecosystem at the Segara Anakan Lagoon, Cilacap District, Central Java

Kurniawati A, Bengen DG, Madduppa H. 2014. Characteristics of Telescopium telescopium on mangrove ecosystem at the Segara Anakan Lagoon, Cilacap District, Central Java. Bonorowo Wetlands 4: 71-81. The purposes of this study were (i) to analyze the bioecology characteristics of T. telescopium population in Segara Anakan Lagoon, (ii) to analyze the length-weight relationship of T. telescopium based on the differences of habitat character in the area of Segara Anakan, and (iii) to analyze the relationship among mangrove characteristics, physical-chemical environment and T. telescopium population. This study was conducted in January-March 2014. Sampling was conducted by using systematic sampling based on the presence of mangrove trees. The sampling station was determined in Kicela Island (Station I), Bagian island (Station II), and Tiranggesik island (Station III). The result showed that there were 10 species of mangrove in the Segara Anakan Lagoon area. Avicennia alba was be found in the three sampling stations. The condition of mangrove Segara Anakan was degraded. His was indicated by density less than 1000 ind/ha. Mangrove species with higher density than other species is A. alba. The density of this species is about 500 ind/ha (Station I), 300 ind/ha (Station II) and 533 ind/ha (Station III), respectively. The length-weight relationship generates equation W= 0,4495L23163 (Station I), W = 0,3397L24498 (Station II) and W = 0,2903L24900 (Station III). The results of correlation analysis between total length and total weight of T. telescopium show a linear relationship with the line equation of y = 15,743x-68,829 with RÂ² value= 0,6089 (Station I), y = 13,332x-49,722 with RÂ² value= 0,7031 (Station II), and y = 13,317x-53,295 with RÂ²= 0,8502 (Station III). b value obtained is less than 3, which indicates that the growth pattern of T. telescopium is negatively allometric, where the length of T. telescopium faster than its weight.
Tectonics and Paleomagnetic Rotation Pattern of Yunnan (24°N–25°N, China): Gaoligong Fault Shear Versus Megablock Drift

A wealth of paleomagnetic data from Yunnan (China) showed in the past a predominant post‐Cretaceous clockwise (CW) rotation pattern, mostly explained invoking huge (hundreds of kilometer wide) blocks, laterally escaping (and/or rotating) due to India‐Asia collision, separated by major strike‐slip shear zones. Here we report on the paleomagnetism of the outcrops close to the Gaoligong dextral shear zone. Fifty paleomagnetic sites (503 samples) were sampled at variable distances (up to ~25 km) from mylonites exposed along the fault. Eighteen Jurassic‐Cretaceous red bed sites yield systematic CW rotations with respect to Eurasia that peak at maximum (176°) close to the fault, and progressively decrease moving eastward, up to be virtually annulled ~20 km east of mylonite contact. West of the fault, 15 Pliocene‐Holocene sites from the Tengchong volcanic field do not rotate. Thus, our data show that Gaoligong shear zone activity yielded significant CW rotations that were likely coeval to the main Oligo‐Miocene episodes of dextral fault shear. The Gaoligong zone rotation pattern conforms to a quasi‐continuous crust kinematic model and shows blocks of ≤1 km size close to the fault that enlarge moving eastward. Rotation values and width of the rotated‐deformed zone translate to a 230–290 km Gaoligong shear zone dextral offset. Our work shows that fault shear plays a significant role for Indochina CW rotation occurrence. However, significant rotations at distances >30 km from main faults were also documented, so that additional tectonics—whose relative relevance has not been elucidated yet—must contribute as well to the rotation pattern.
Genome Size, Karyotype Polymorphism and Chromosomal Evolution in Trypanosoma cruzi

Background The Trypanosoma cruzi genome was sequenced from a hybrid strain (CL Brener). However, high allelic variation and the repetitive nature of the genome have prevented the complete linear sequence of chromosomes being determined. Determining the full complement of chromosomes and establishing syntenic groups will be important in defining the structure of T. cruzi chromosomes. A large amount of information is now available for T. cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei, providing the opportunity to compare and describe the overall patterns of chromosomal evolution in these parasites. Methodology/Principal Findings The genome sizes, repetitive DNA contents, and the numbers and sizes of chromosomes of nine strains of T. cruzi from four lineages (TcI, TcII, TcV and TcVI) were determined. The genome of the TcI group was statistically smaller than other lineages, with the exception of the TcI isolate Tc1161 (José-IMT). Satellite DNA content was correlated with genome size for all isolates, but this was not accompanied by simultaneous amplification of retrotransposons. Regardless of chromosomal polymorphism, large syntenic groups are conserved among T. cruzi lineages. Duplicated chromosome-sized regions were identified and could be retained as paralogous loci, increasing the dosage of several genes. By comparing T. cruzi and T. brucei chromosomes, homologous chromosomal regions in T. brucei were identified. Chromosomes Tb9 and Tb11 of T. brucei share regions of syntenic homology with three and six T. cruzi chromosomal bands, respectively. Conclusions Despite genome size variation and karyotype polymorphism, T. cruzi lineages exhibit conservation of chromosome structure. Several syntenic groups are conserved among all isolates analyzed in this study. The syntenic regions are larger than expected if rearrangements occur randomly, suggesting that they are conserved owing to positive selection. Mapping of the syntenic regions on T. cruzi chromosomal bands provides evidence for the occurrence of fusion and split events involving T. brucei and T. cruzi chromosomes.
A new antiarch placoderm from the Emsian (Early Devonian) of Wuding, Yunnan, China

Pan, Z. , Zhu, M. , Zhu, Y. & Jia, L. , August 2017. A new antiarch placoderm from the Emsian (Early Devonian) of Wuding, Yunnan, China. Alcheringa 42, 10–21. ISSN 0311-5518. Wufengshania magniforaminis, a new genus and species of the Euantiarcha (Placodermi: Antiarcha), is described from the late Emsian (Early Devonian) of Wuding, Yunnan, southwestern China. The referred specimens were three-dimensionally preserved in black shales, allowing a high-resolution computed tomography reconstruction of anatomical details. The new euantiarch is characterized by a large orbital fenestra, an arched exoskeletal band around the orbital fenestra and a developed obtected nuchal area of the skull roof. Maximum parsimony analysis, using a revised data-set of antiarchs with 44 taxa and 66 characters, resolves Wufengshania gen. nov. as a member of the Bothriolepididae, which is characterized by the presence of the infraorbital sensory canal diverging on the lateral plate, and the nuchal plate with orbital facets. New analysis supports a sister group relationship between Dianolepis and the Bothriolepididae. Luquanolepis, a coeval euantiarch from the neighboring site of the new form, is referred to the Asterolepidoidei and represents the basalmost and earliest member of the Asterolepidoidei. Zhaohui Pan* [panzhaohui@ivpp.ac. cn], Min Zhu* [zhumin@ivpp.ac. cn], You’an Zhu† [zhuyouan@ivpp.ac. cn] and Liantao Jia [jialiantao@ivpp.ac. cn] Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 643, Beijing 100044, PR China. *Also affiliated with University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China. †Also affiliated with Uppsala University, PO Box 256, 751 05 Uppsala, Sweden.
Cooperative driving using a hierarchy of mixed-integer programming and tracking control

This paper aims at cooperatively resolving conflicts arising between several fully-autonomous, communicating vehicles in general on-road traffic scenarios. A hierarchical control scheme with two main units is proposed: A short-term planning unit determines obstacle-avoiding reference trajectories in a receding-horizon-fashion, based on solving mixed-integer quadratic programs (MIQP) for simplified vehicle dynamics. A novel cooperative conflict resolution scheme is proposed which orchestrates the plans of neighboring vehicles, trying to minimize a common cost function. Tracking controllers based on model predictive control (MPC) are then employed to track the references using a nonlinear vehicle model. The functionality of the proposed method is demonstrated in a simulation example.
Password Creation in the Presence of Blacklists

Attackers often target common passwords in guessing attacks. Some website administrators have reacted to this by making these passwords ineligible for use on their site. While past research has shown that adding a blacklist to a password policy generally makes resulting passwords harder to guess, it is important to understand whether users go on to create significantly stronger passwords, or ones that are only marginally better. In this paper we investigate how users change the composition and strength of their passwords after a blacklisted password attempt. Additionally, we analyze the impact on sentiment toward password creation that occurs when a user attempts to create a blacklisted password. Our examination utilizes data collected from a previous online study evaluating various design features of a password meter through a password creation task. We analyzed 2,280 password creation sessions and found that participants who reused even a modified version of a blacklisted attempt during the task ultimately created significantly weaker passwords than those who did not attempt to use a blacklisted password. However, our results indicate that text feedback provided by a password meter mitigated this effect.
Aharonov-Bohm phases in a quantum LC circuit

We study novel types of contributions to the partition function of the Maxwell system defined on a small compact manifold. These contributions, often not addressed in the perturbative treatment with physical photons, emerge as a result of tunneling transitions between topologically distinct but physically identical vacuum winding states. These new terms give an extra contribution to the Casimir pressure, yet to be measured. We argue that this effect is highly sensitive to a small external electric field, which should be contrasted with the conventional Casimir effect, where the vacuum photons are essentially unaffected by any external field. Furthermore, photons will be emitted from the vacuum in response to a time-dependent electric field, similar to the dynamical Casimir effect in which real particles are radiated from the vacuum due to the time-dependent boundary conditions. We also propose an experimental setup using a quantum LC circuit to detect this novel effect. We expect physical electric charges to appear on the capacitor plates when the system dimension is such that coherent Aharonov-Bohm phases can be maintained over macroscopically large distances.
Two-Dimensional Phonon Transport in Supported Graphene

Heat Flow in Graphene Unsupported graphene sheets show exceptional thermal transport properties, but are these properties maintained when a graphene sheet is in contact with a substrate? Seol et al. (p. 213; see the Perspective by Prasher) measured the thermal conductivity of graphene supported on silicon dioxide and found that, while the conductivity was considerably lower than that of free-standing graphene, it was still greater than that of metals such as copper. A theoretical model suggested that the out-of-plane flexing vibrations of the graphene play a key role in thermal transport. Thus, graphene may help in applications such as conducting heat away from electronic circuits. The thermal conductivity of graphene supported on silicon dioxide remains high, despite phonon scattering by the substrate. The reported thermal conductivity (κ) of suspended graphene, 3000 to 5000 watts per meter per kelvin, exceeds that of diamond and graphite. Thus, graphene can be useful in solving heat dissipation problems such as those in nanoelectronics. However, contact with a substrate could affect the thermal transport properties of graphene. Here, we show experimentally that κ of monolayer graphene exfoliated on a silicon dioxide support is still as high as about 600 watts per meter per kelvin near room temperature, exceeding those of metals such as copper. It is lower than that of suspended graphene because of phonons leaking across the graphene-support interface and strong interface-scattering of flexural modes, which make a large contribution to κ in suspended graphene according to a theoretical calculation.
Do not look there: the impact of facial expression on location negative priming

This study used the location negative priming (NP) paradigm and the recording of event-related potentials to examine the mechanism of the impact of emotional stimulus on subsequent spatial attentional processing. The results shown to be relative to the happy and neutral condition, a significant behavioural NP effect, as well as decreased N2, increased N2pc, and P3 amplitudes for NP condition, were found selectively in the fearful prime distractor condition. These findings suggest that the effect of fearful stimulus on location NP may be related to early-inhibition processing. Larger P3 amplitudes may reflect the use of increased cognitive resources when one is necessary for overcoming the tendency to avoid viewing the position where a fearful stimulus has recently been seen.
DESCRIPTION OF SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING IN ONLY DAUGHTERS RELATED TO THE NYENTANA TRADITION IN TABANAN

Nyentana is a marriage system where the woman proposes to the man, and then the man moves into the woman's family. Nyentana marriage is an alternative for families who have only daughters to continue the descent. Finding a man who is willing to commit to nyentana is not easy, especially for the only daughters in the Tabanan district, which is known for its nyentana tradition. The various problems that only daughters face can cause psychological issues. This study aims to describe the subjective well-being of only daughters in relation to the nyentana tradition in Tabanan. This research uses a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. Data collection was conducted through semi-structured interviews with five respondents who were only daughters aged 21-24 years and domiciled in Tabanan. The data analysis used theoretical coding. The results found five findings that described subjective well-being in only daughters, such as awareness of responsibility, family love, gratitude, and life principles in the nyentana tradition; challenges in getting nyentana; self-assessment as an only child; dreams for the future; and responses to problems. This study is expected to be a reference for individuals who seek to improve their quality of life.
The Systematic Review of Platelet Rich Plasma Induced Olfactory In Patients With Covid 19

Background:Olfactory Dysfunction (OD) is a common problem, with a substantial percentage of instances linked to COVID-19. This comprehensive study sought to assess the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of COVID-19-related OD, which included anosmia, hyposmia, and parosmia. Aim : This study examined the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), an autologous blood product with elevated growth factors, in treating COVID-19-related olfactory dynsfunction. Methods: By comparing itself to the standards set by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020, this study was able to show that it met all of the requirements. So, the experts were able to make sure that the study was as up-to-date as it was possible to be. For this search approach, publications that came out between 2014 and 2024 were taken into account. Several different online reference sources, like Pubmed and SCIENCE DIRECT, were used to do this. It was decided not to take into account review pieces, works that had already been published, or works that were only half done. Result:In the PubMed database, the results of our search brought up 9 articles, whereas the results of our search on SCIENCE DIRECT brought up 108 articles. The results of the search conducted for the last year of 2014 yielded a total 17 articles for PubMed and 16 articles for SCIENCE DIRECT. In the end, we compiled a total of 5 papers, 4 of which came from PubMed and 2 of which came from SCIENCE DIRECT. We included five research that met the criteria. Conclusion: In summary, injecting PRP directly into the olfactory cleft of individuals with post-COVID COD is a successful and simple treatment. We believe that the therapeutic efficacy of PRP injection may vary depending on the time of OD or with repeated doses. Further randomized controlled studies are needed to confirm these findings and explore the long-term impact of this innovative technique.
Microplastics: An introduction to environmental transport processes

Microplastic pollution is widespread across the globe, pervading land, water, and air. These environments are commonly considered independently, however, in reality these are closely linked. This review gives an overview of the background knowledge surrounding sources, fate and transport of microplastics within the environment. We introduce a new “Plastic Cycle” concept in order to better understand the processes influencing flux and retention of microplastics between and across the wide range of environmental matrices. As microplastics are a pervasive, persistent and potentially harmful pollutant, an understanding of these processes will allow for assessment of exposure to better determine the likely long‐term ecological and human health implications of microplastic pollution. WIREs Water 2018, 5:e1268. doi: 10.1002/wat2.1268
Time-resolved 3d capture of non-stationary gas flows

Fluid simulation is one of the most active research areas in computer graphics. However, it remains difficult to obtain measurements of real fluid flows for validation of the simulated data. In this paper, we take a step in the direction of capturing flow data for such purposes. Specifically, we present the first time-resolved Schlieren tomography system for capturing full 3D, non-stationary gas flows on a dense volumetric grid. Schlieren tomography uses 2D ray deflection measurements to reconstruct a time-varying grid of 3D refractive index values, which directly correspond to physical properties of the flow. We derive a new solution for this reconstruction problem that lends itself to efficient algorithms that robustly work with relatively small numbers of cameras. Our physical system is easy to set up, and consists of an array of relatively low cost rolling-shutter camcorders that are synchronized with a new approach. We demonstrate our method with real measurements, and analyze precision with synthetic data for which ground truth information is available.
Semantics of UML Statecharts in PVS

In this paper, we propose formal semantic definition for UML statecharts in the PVS specification language. Based on the semantic definitions, we develop a general framework for translating UML statechart diagrams into PVS specifications, and show how the resulting specification can be model-checked by using the PVS toolkits. This work is a part of a long-term vision to explore how the PVS formalism can be used to underpin practical tools for checking correctness of UML models, and it contributes to the ongoing effort on providing precise semantic definitions for UML notations with the aim of clarifying the language as well as supporting the development of semantically based tools.