Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Nonlinear three-mode interaction and drift-wave turbulence in a tokamak edge plasma

A three-wave interaction model with quadratic nonlinearities and linear growth/decay rates is used to investigate the occurrence of drift-wave turbulence driven by pressure gradients in the edge plasma of a tokamak. Model parameters are taken from a typical set of measurements of the floating electrostatic potential in the tokamak edge region. Some aspects of the temporal dynamics exhibited by the three-wave interaction model are investigated, with special emphasis on a chaotic regime found for a wide range of the wave decay rate. An intermittent transition from periodic to chaotic behavior is observed and some statistical properties, such as the interburst and laminar length interval durations, are explored.
The Motivational Effects of Charismatic Leadership: A Self-Concept Based Theory

The empirical literature on charismatic or transformational leadership demonstrates that such leadership has profound effects on followers. However, while several versions of charismatic leadership theory predict such effects, none of them explains the process by which these effects are achieved. In this paper we seek to advance leadership theory by addressing this fundamental problem. We offer a self-concept based motivational theory to explain the process by which charismatic leader behaviors cause profound transformational effects on followers. The theory presents the argument that charismatic leadership has its effects by strongly engaging followers' self-concepts in the interest of the mission articulated by the leader. We derive from this theory testable propositions about a the behavior of charismatic leaders and their effects on followers, b the role of followers' values and orientations in the charismatic relationship, and c some of the organizational conditions that favor the emergence and effectiveness of charismatic leaders.
Sport, Gender, and Cultural Diversity: Exploring the Nexus

Our research investigated the sporting experiences of women from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds, a subpopulation excluded from most mainstream sport scholarship in Australia. The information was collected via surveys, focus groups, and individual interviews with women. Sporting, local government, community, and ethnic organizations were also surveyed about their current policies and practices regarding sport for women from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds. The interviews resonate with a strong sense of frustration about current sport policy and provision. For many sport providers, the low levels of sport participation of women from culturally and linguistically diverse backgrounds is a perplexing issue. The comments of many of the women interviewed reflect extreme dissatisfaction with the current lack of consideration given to them by sports providers, but a hope that the situation will improve for the better if the two groups can work together to improve their understa.
The Relationship Between Primary and Secondary Control and Eating Behaviour

Two studies were conducted investigating Australian women's management of their life goals. Although engagement with goals was generally positive for psychological well-being, the propensity to disengage from appearance-related goals was beneficial for body image and protective against disordered eating, suggesting strategies for promoting goal disengagement in women with eating disordered behaviour. The portfolio presents four case studies reviewing empirical research demonstrating the efficacy of adjuvant psychological therapy in relieving psychological distress in cancer patients.
Exploring Successful Principalship in South Africa: A Case Study

In line with international studies, this study reports in a case study how a South African school principal succeeded in sustaining leadership despite the challenges South African schools experience, and how the principal’s leadership practice related to core leadership practices required for a school principal to be successful. Data were collected by means of open-ended interviews with the principal and his staff. The following main themes were constructed: (1) Personal traits; (2) Leadership style; and (3) Ability to sustain and improve development. Secondary empirical data from previous studies in the school supported the findings in this study. The findings of this case study have implications for South African school principals: (1) principals need to be fully committed to improve the quality of learning in schools; (2) they need to be skilful in effectively using available resources; (3) successful principalship develops over time and requires a clear vision, optimism, high performance expectations and acting with care and integrity to nurture trust among role players.
Examining the Effect of Tour Guide Performance, Tourist Trust, Tourist Satisfaction, and Flow Experience on Tourists' Shopping Behavior

This study contributes to a model describing the effect of tour guide performance on tourist shopping behavior by examining the mediating effects of perceived credibility trust, perceived benevolence trust, and tourist satisfaction as well as the moderating effect of flow experience. Our analysis confirms that tour guide performance has positive effects on perceived credibility trust, perceived benevolence trust, and tourist satisfaction. However, only perceived benevolence trust and tourist satisfaction mediate the relationships between tour guide performance and tourist shopping behavior. Nevertheless, tour guide performance, as evaluated through perceived credibility trust and tourist satisfaction, has the strongest effect on tourist shopping behavior when compared to other routes in the model. In addition, the moderating effect of flow experience is confirmed in the perceived benevolence trust and tourist shopping behavior relationship, but it does not have any effects on other links. In light of our findings, managerial implications are discussed as well.
Structural and Functional Alterations in Right Dorsomedial Prefrontal and Left Insular Cortex Co-Localize in Adolescents with Aggressive Behaviour: An ALE Meta-Analysis

Recent neuroimaging work has suggested that aggressive behaviour (AB) is associated with structural and functional brain abnormalities in processes subserving emotion processing and regulation. However, most neuroimaging studies on AB to date only contain relatively small sample sizes. To objectively investigate the consistency of previous structural and functional research in adolescent AB, we performed a systematic literature review and two coordinate-based activation likelihood estimation meta-analyses on eight VBM and nine functional neuroimaging studies in a total of 783 participants (408 [224AB/184 controls] and 375 [215 AB/160 controls] for structural and functional analysis respectively). We found 19 structural and eight functional foci of significant alterations in adolescents with AB, mainly located within the emotion processing and regulation network (including orbitofrontal, dorsomedial prefrontal and limbic cortex). A subsequent conjunction analysis revealed that functional and structural alterations co-localize in right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex and left insula. Our results are in line with meta-analytic work as well as structural, functional and connectivity findings to date, all of which make a strong point for the involvement of a network of brain areas responsible for emotion processing and regulation, which is disrupted in AB. Increased knowledge about the behavioural and neuronal underpinnings of AB is crucial for the development of novel and implementation of existing treatment strategies. Longitudinal research studies will have to show whether the observed alterations are a result or primary cause of the phenotypic characteristics in AB.
Clinical significance of specific IgE determination on nasal secretion

The clinical use of RAST on the nasal secretions was investigated in seventeen atopic patients, with asthma or rhinitis, who had shown at a first diagnostic screening, some difficulties in the identification of the responsible allergen(s). The results of the skin tests, of the RAST on the serum and on the nasal secretions and of the specific provocation test (bronchial or nasal) were compared. In some cases the basophil degranulation test was performed. The results of the RAST on the nasal secretions were in perfect agreement with the provocation test. The skin tests and the RAST on the serum showed many discrepancies, particularly for Dermatophagoides, epidermal derivatives of cat and dog and moulds, and less frequently for Graminaceae and other pollens. It is concluded that RAST analysis on nasal secretions is useful in clinical diagnosis of allergy especially for Dermatophagoides, epidermal derivatives and moulds. Most false positive results were observed with the RAST on serum; in fifteen cases it was positive, while all the other tests, basophil degranulation test included, were negative. The data suggest that IgE may have a low affinity for basophil receptors.
'I really feel I've let him down': supporting family carers during long-term care placement for elders.

This paper considers placing a relative in a nursing home from a carer's perspective. A largely structured, interviewer-administered, questionnaire survey was conducted with 48 carers in the United Kingdom and 54 carers in the United States of America. While the data highlight differences between the two countries, shared experiences emerge which suggest that carers often have to make difficult decisions without adequate support. Implications for practice are considered. The need to develop more robust support mechanisms is stressed.
Guiding Knowledge Construction in the Classroom: Effects of Teaching Children How to Question and How to Explain

Following teacher-presented science lessons, pairs of fourth and fifth graders studied the material by asking and answering each others’ self-generated questions. In one condition students’ discussion was guided by questions designed to promote connections among ideas within a lesson. In a second condition discussion was guided by similar lesson-based questions as well as ones intended to access prior knowledge/experience and promote connections between the lesson and that knowledge. All students were trained to generate explanations (one manifestation of complex knowledge construction). Analysis of post-lesson knowledge maps and verbal interaction during study showed that students trained to ask both kinds of questions engaged in more complex knowledge construction than those trained in lesson-based questioning only and controls. These findings, together with performance on comprehension tests for material studied, support the conclusion that, although both kinds of questions induce complex knowledge construction, questions designed to access prior knowledge/experience are more effective in enhancing learning.
Uptake of Taurine, GAB A, 5‐HT, and Dopamine by Blood Platelets in Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsy

Summary: The uptakes of four neurotransmitters (taurine, GABA, 5‐HT, and dopamine) by blood platelets from patients with degenerative‐type progressive myoclonus epilepsy (PME) and from controls were studied using different incubation times and different concentrations. Only the uptakes of taurine differed significantly between patients and controls: patients' uptakes were 70% to 80% of control values at 10, 30, 60, and 120 min of incubation time.Km values were approximately the same, but Vmax values in PME patients were lower, showing quantitative but not qualitative differences in taurine uptake by platelets in PME. These results suggest that a defect or an inhibitory mechanism of some factor needed in the transport or binding of taurine (but not of GABA, 5‐HT, and dopamine) is present in PME.
A mixed research study of pedagogical approaches and student learning in doctoral-level mixed research courses

Abstract Scant explicit guidance currently exists on how to teach mixed research courses. Thus, the purpose of this mixed research study was to compare and to contrast pedagogical approaches used by instructors in mixed research courses, as well as the learning experiences of students enrolled in a mixed research course. This investigation involved the use of a fully mixed concurrent dominant status design and a mixed sampling design that involved a combination of concurrent, identical, sequential, nested, and multilevel sampling. The teacher participants were eight instructors of mixed research courses from institutions around the United States who were purposively selected via critical case sampling such that they represented first generation instructors of mixed research courses. These participants were interviewed either face-to-face or remotely (e.g., via Skype). The student participants were 48 doctoral students enrolled in one of three sections of a doctoral-level mixed research course taught by one of the teacher participants who provided both quantitative (e.g., number of research methodology courses taken) and qualitative (e.g., mixed methodological dissertation research proposals, reflexive journals) data. Among the numerous findings emerging from the instructor interview data was the emergence of a three-dimensional model for categorizing and organizing pedagogical approaches used in mixed research courses. For the student participants, the number of prior research methodology courses was positively related to the quality of mixed methodological dissertation research proposals. Further, the vast majority of students (91.7%) reported positive course experiences and expressed positive perceptions about mixed research. Implications are discussed.
Curriculum Influences on Growth in Early Reading Fluency for Students with Academic and Behavioral Risks

This study applied an early screening approach to determine the risk status of children in five urban schools and monitor their patterns of reading growth over 3 years. A majority of students were from culturally diverse and low-SES backgrounds.Two validated instruments were used for determining (a) academic risk (the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills [DIBELS]; Good et al., 1998) and (b) behavioral risk (Systematic Screening for Behavior Disorders [SSBD]; Walker & Severson, 1992, or Early Screening Project; Walker, Severson, & Feil, 1995). DIBELS data for 383 students were used to determine the characteristics and effectiveness of reading curriculum reforms for students in kindergarten through second grade. Results indicated that students with a single risk factor (academic or behavioral) progressed more slowly than the general population in the participating schools.The students with behavioral risks, however, made better progress, becoming more fluent readers than the students with academic risks. Students with both academic and behavioral risks made the least progress. The Reading Mastery curriculum (Reading Mastery, 1995) produced better growth in reading fluency than did Success for All (Success for All, 1999) or the literature-based curriculum. It also produced better growth for students with academic, behavioral, or both risk factors.The Success for All curriculum produced less growth compared to the Reading Mastery curriculum but was superior to the literature-based curriculum. Implications are discussed.
Men Taking Up Career Leave: An Opportunity for a Better Work and Family Life Balance?

Abstract In 2004, 9 per cent of female employees took advantage of the system of ‘career break’ or ‘time credit’ in Flanders, compared to only 3 per cent of male workers. Although the number of men taking a career break is increasing, they remain a small group. In this article the time use of men interrupting their careers full-time or part-time is compared to that of full-time working men, using representative time use data from 2004. Analyses show that a career break does not imply a reduced workload. Half of the men interrupting their career full-time do so to try out another job. Men who take part-time leave are mainly motivated by their desire for a better work and family life balance. About 80 per cent of the time they gain by working on a part-time basis is allocated to household and childcare activities. This suggests that encouraging men to work fewer hours could well be the best policy for achieving gender equality.
The effects of frequency and tilt on motion sickness induced by optokinetic stimuli

Background Nauseogenicity is determined by exposure time, frequency and acceleration of real motion. Our aim was to determine the nauseogenicity of these parameters for the optokinetic equivalent of OVAR (Off Vertical Axis Rotation). Methods The visual stimulus was a computerised scene of coastline as seen by a 'pilot' at moderate altitude. The scene could be rotated at different frequencies and tilted, just as during OVAR. The projected image subtended 84o at the eyes and subjects performed a concurrent task of detecting occasional visual targets to control attention. Exposures were for 10min or until nausea developed. Design was repeated measures counterbalanced for order. Optokinetic nauseogenicity was determined in three experiments: 0.05, 0.2, 0.8 Hz all at 18o tilt (n=14); 0, 45, 90o tilts all at 0.2Hz (n=12); 18, 36, 54, 72 o tilts all at 0.2Hz (n=24). Results 0.2 Hz was more nauseogenic than lower 0.05 or higher 0.8 Hz frequencies (p<0.01); 18 to circa 45o tilts were most nauseogenic (p<0.01). For all experiments symptoms usually increased over time. Conclusions The nauseogenicity peak around 0.2Hz, and increase with stimulus 'strength' up to circa 45o tilt, are similar for optokinetic and real motion. However, decreasing nauseogenicity with even higher tilt angles suggests that the impact of virtual stimuli is partially 'quarantined', perhaps because they appear obviously 'absurd', and therefore no longer present a sensory conflict that has to be resolved.
Approximation Algorithms for Wireless Link Scheduling With SINR-Based Interference

In this paper, we consider the classical problem of link scheduling in wireless networks under an accurate interference model, in which correct packet reception at a receiver node depends on the signa-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR). While most previous work on wireless networks has addressed the scheduling problem using simplistic graph-based or distance-based interference models, a few recent papers have investigated scheduling with SINR-based interference models. However, these papers have either used approximations to the SINR model or have ignored important aspects of the problem. We study the problem of wireless link scheduling under the exact SINR model and present the first known true approximation algorithms for transmission scheduling under the exact model. We also introduce an algorithm with a proven approximation bound with respect to the length of the optimal schedule under primary interference. As an aside, our study identifies a class of “difficult to schedule” links, which hinder the derivation of tighter approximation bounds. Furthermore, we characterize conditions under which scheduling under SINR-based interference is within a constant factor from optimal under primary interference, which implies that secondary interference only degrades performance by a constant factor in these situations.
Genomic Variation and Its Impact on Gene Expression in Drosophila melanogaster

Understanding the relationship between genetic and phenotypic variation is one of the great outstanding challenges in biology. To meet this challenge, comprehensive genomic variation maps of human as well as of model organism populations are required. Here, we present a nucleotide resolution catalog of single-nucleotide, multi-nucleotide, and structural variants in 39 Drosophila melanogaster Genetic Reference Panel inbred lines. Using an integrative, local assembly-based approach for variant discovery, we identify more than 3.6 million distinct variants, among which were more than 800,000 unique insertions, deletions (indels), and complex variants (1 to 6,000 bp). While the SNP density is higher near other variants, we find that variants themselves are not mutagenic, nor are regions with high variant density particularly mutation-prone. Rather, our data suggest that the elevated SNP density around variants is mainly due to population-level processes. We also provide insights into the regulatory architecture of gene expression variation in adult flies by mapping cis-expression quantitative trait loci (cis-eQTLs) for more than 2,000 genes. Indels comprise around 10% of all cis-eQTLs and show larger effects than SNP cis-eQTLs. In addition, we identified two-fold more gene associations in males as compared to females and found that most cis-eQTLs are sex-specific, revealing a partial decoupling of the genomic architecture between the sexes as well as the importance of genetic factors in mediating sex-biased gene expression. Finally, we performed RNA-seq-based allelic expression imbalance analyses in the offspring of crosses between sequenced lines, which revealed that the majority of strong cis-eQTLs can be validated in heterozygous individuals.
Filtered meaning: appreciating linguistic skill, social position and subjectivity of interpreters in cross-language research

Arriving in a foreign country with little knowledge of local languages presents the researcher with significant linguistic challenges. Our in-country contacts may suggest potential interpreters for us to hire, but how do we know if these interpreters can fluently speak the languages of our participants? Can we, lacking fluency in local languages, understand when the social position and lived experiences of our interpreter modify the discourses we seek to analyse? Drawing from my human geography research experience in Uganda, this article aims to share strategies to assess the linguistic skills of the interpreter and to understand his or her social position and subjectivity. Uniquely, this paper highlights differences in interpretation and links these differences to the assistants’ social position and subjectivity, highlighting the need to acknowledge that meaning can be filtered by interpretation and requiring that critical reflection be broadened to encompass interpreters in cross-language research.
Blood graft lymphocyte subsets after plerixafor injection in non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma patients mobilizing poorly with chemotherapy plus granulocyte–colony‐stimulating factor

BACKGROUND: A combination of chemotherapy plus granulocyte–colony‐stimulating factor (G‐CSF) (chemomobilization) is commonly used to mobilize CD34+ cells to circulation. Plerixafor, a chemokine CXCR4 antagonist, increases the mobilization of CD34+ cells and may also have effect on graft composition.