Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Violence in an urban Indonesian high school

The purpose of this study is to examine the students’ perceptions of violence in an urban Indonesian high school. An ethnographically-informed case study is employed in an attempt to understand the students’ day-to-day life within the school environment and its influence on the construction of the students’ understanding of school violence. Drawing from participant observations over more than 6 months, personal interviews with 4 key students and 4 teachers, 5 focus group discussions, 15 selected students’ diaries, YouTube, Facebook, blogs and BlackBerry Messengers, this study presents some key findings in relation to the students’ perceptions of violence. First, school violence is associated with masculinity. Toughness and physical prowess are perceived to be the male characteristics which should be performed through school violence. Showing male characteristics through school violence is crucial to avoid the stigma of being banci or she-male – an unacceptable gender representation in Indonesian society. Second, school violence is crucially perceived by the students to be about identity, either in conjunction with the self, a group or institutional identity. Third, school violence is seen as a medium to construct social capital – strong connections, trustworthiness and reciprocity. This study argues that the students’ positive perceptions of violence are influenced by the dynamic of social and cultural practices within the educational environment. The segregation of school facilities, the designed place for hanging out, the communication patterns among the students and the overt hierarchical system between juniors, seniors and alumni regulated by the students’ norms are clear factors in this. This study, therefore, reiterates the view that attempts to control school violence should focus beyond the boundary of the individuals per se; it should consider the social, cultural and institutional context.
Adipose Tissue Leptin Production and Plasma Leptin Kinetics in Humans

Abdominal adipose tissue leptin production was determined in vivo by arteriovenous balance in 14 lean and obese men (mean BMI 27.0 ± 1.9, range 21.4–45.2). Blood samples were taken simultaneously from an abdominal vein that drains subcutaneous adipose tissue and from a radial artery. Adipose tissue blood flow was measured by xenon washout. Abdominal vein leptin concentrations (mean 8.9 ± 2.4 ng/ml, range 2.1–36.5 ng/ml) were consistently greater than arterial values (mean 6.6 ± 1.9 ng/ml, range 1.7–28.2 ng/ml) (P < 0.001). The net rate of abdominal adipose tissue leptin production (mean 3.2 ± 0.5 ng · 100 g−1 · min−1) correlated directly with percentage body fat (rs = 0.59, P = 0.016). Estimated whole-body leptin production rate (797 ± 283 ng · person−1 · min−1) correlated directly with percent body fat (rs = 0.93, P < 0.0001) and with regional leptin production (rs = 0.81, P < 0.001). In contrast, the rate of leptin clearance from plasma (mean 1.50 ± 0.23 ml · kg−1 · min−1) and plasma leptin half-life (mean 24.9 ± 4.4 min) was unrelated to adiposity (rs = 0.06, P = 0.30; rs = 0.16, P = 0.30, respectively). These results provide direct evidence that leptin is produced by adipose tissue in humans and that the rate of production is directly related to adiposity. A combination of greater leptin production per unit of body fat and increased production from expanded total body fat mass, rather than alterations in leptin clearance, account for the increase in plasma leptin concentrations observed in obese humans.
ON THE MASLOV INDEX OF LAGRANGIAN PATHS THAT ARE NOT TRANSVERSAL TO THE MASLOV CYCLE. SEMI-RIEMANNIAN INDEX THEOREMS IN THE DEGENERATE CASE

The Maslov index of a Lagrangian path, under a certain trans versality assumption, is given by an algebraic count of the intersection s f the path with a subvariety of the Lagrangian Grassmannian called the Maslov cycle. In t hese notes we use the notion of generalized signatures at a singularity of a smooth curve of symmetric bilinear form s to determine a formula for the computation of the Maslov index i n the case of a real-analytic path having possibly non transversal intersections. Using this formula we give a general definition of Maslov index for continuous curves in the Lagra ngian Grassmannian, both in the finite and in the infinite dimensional (Fredholm) case, an d having arbitrary endpoints. Other notions of Maslov index are also considered, like the i nd x for pairs of Lagrangian paths, the Kashiwara’s triple Maslov index, and Hörmander ’s four-fold index. We discuss some applications of the theory, with special emp hasis on the study of the Jacobi equation along a semi-Riemannian geodesic. In this c ontext, we prove an extension of several versions of the Morse index theorems for geodesic s having possibly conjugate endpoints. The main results of this paper were announced in [29].
Taste fiber responses during reinnervation of fungiform papillae

Crushing or transecting the chorda tympani nerve of the gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) caused ipsilateral degeneration of taste buds in the fungiform papillae. In less than two weeks some taste fibers regenerated into the tongue and formed new taste buds and receptor cells. The recovery process was evaluated electrophysiologically in 53 gerbils by acute recording proximal to the nerve injury site. Initially the chorda tympani was electrically silent. In gerbils tested at later times spontaneous activity appeared. This was followed by responses to pressure on the tongue. Taste responses returned as early as dasy 11. The receptive field of regenerated taste fibers was limited to a small number of fungiform papillae. Taste responses were always associasted with the presence of one or more taste buds in the receptive field. Taste buds identified as responsive to chemicals contained some fusiform cells.
Analyzing Student Perceptions on Translanguaging: A Case Study of a Puerto Rican University Classroom

Translanguaging in the classroom is gaining traction as a viable pedagogical choice. Often overlooked, though, are the students’ attitudes in response to strategic classroom translanguaging. This study seeks to determine whether students’ language attitudes influence their perceptions of an instructor’s translingual pedagogy. The study took place in an undergraduate psychology classroom at the University of Puerto Rico, Mayaguez, and involved a case-study approach and analysis of survey results. The results show this particular group of students has a neutral to positive outlook on classroom translanguaging. The high number of neutral responses may mean students are indifferent to translingual pedagogy or that these students are conditioned to work within a context where code switching and translanguaging happen frequently.
Research Article Helicobacter Pylori Infection and Insulin Resistance in Diabetic and Nondiabetic Population

License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Helicobacter pylori (HP) is a common worldwide infection with known gastrointestinal and nongastrointestinal complications. One of the gastrointestinal side effects posed for this organism is its role in diabetes and increased insulin resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between HP and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients and nondiabetics. This cross-sectional study was carried out from May to December 2013 on 211 diabetic patients referred to diabetes clinic of Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Qom and 218 patients without diabetes. HP was evaluated using serology method and insulin resistance was calculated using HOMA-IR. The prevalence of H. pylori infection was 55.8% and 44.2% in diabetics and nondiabetics (í µí± = 0.001). The study population was divided into two HP positive and negative groups. Among nondiabetics, insulin resistance degree was 3.01 ± 2.12 and 2.74±2.18 in HP+ and HP− patients, respectively (í µí± = 0.704). Oppositely, insulin resistance was significantly higher in diabetic HP+ patients rather than seronegative ones (4.484±2.781 versus 3.160±2.327, í µí± = 0.013). In diabetic patients, in addition to higher prevalence of HP, it causes a higher degree of insulin resistance.
Expression of the Disintegrin Metalloprotease, ADAM-10, in Prostate Cancer and Its Regulation by Dihydrotestosterone, Insulin-Like Growth Factor I, and Epidermal Growth Factor in the Prostate Cancer Cell Model LNCaP

Purpose: The disintegrin metalloprotease ADAM-10 is a multidomain metalloprotease that is potentially significant in tumor progression due to its extracellular matrix-degrading properties. Previously, ADAM-10 mRNA was detected in prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines; however, the presence of ADAM-10 protein and its cellular localization, regulation, and role have yet to be described. We hypothesized that ADAM-10 mRNA and protein may be regulated by growth factors such as 5α-dihydrotestosterone, insulin-like growth factor I, and epidermal growth factor, known modulators of PCa cell growth and invasion. Experimental Design: ADAM-10 expression was analyzed by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry in prostate tissues obtained from 23 patients with prostate disease. ADAM-10 regulation was assessed using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and Western blot analysis in the PCa cell line LNCaP. Results: ADAM-10 expression was localized to the secretory cells of prostate glands, with additional basal cell expression in benign glands. ADAM-10 protein was predominantly membrane bound in benign glands but showed marked nuclear localization in cancer glands. By Western blot, the 100-kDa proform and the 60-kDa active form of ADAM-10 were synergistically up-regulated in LNCaP cells treated with insulin-like growth factor I plus 5α-dihydrotestosterone. Epidermal growth factor also up-regulated both ADAM-10 mRNA and protein. Conclusions: This study describes for the first time the expression, regulation, and cellular localization of ADAM-10 protein in PCa. The regulation and membrane localization of ADAM-10 support our hypothesis that ADAM-10 has a role in extracellular matrix maintenance and cell invasion, although the potential role of nuclear ADAM-10 is not yet known.
The formation of DA white dwarfs with thin Hydrogen envelopes through a late thermal pulse

We study the formation and evolution of DA white dwarfs, the progenitors of which have experienced a late thermal pulse (LTP) shortly after the departure from the thermally pulsing AGB. To this end, we compute the complete evolution of an initially $2.7~M_{\odot}$ star all the way from the zero-age main sequence to the white dwarf stage. We find that most of the original H-rich material of the post-AGB remnant is burnt during the post-LTP evolution, with the result that, at entering its white dwarf cooling track, the remaining H envelope becomes $10^{-6}~M_{\odot}$ in agreement with asteroseismological inferences for some ZZ Ceti stars.
Between Five Countries Gender and Attachment Representations in the Preschool Years: Comparisons

http://jcc.sagepub. com/content/40/4/543 The online version of this article can be found at: DOI: 10.1177/0022022109335181 2009 40: 543 Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology Isabelle Roskam, Marie Stievenart, Rosario Spencer, Andrés Fresno Rodríguez and Ayala Borghini Blaise Pierrehumbert, Maria Pia Santelices, Margarita Ibáñez, Maika Alberdi, Barbara Ongari, Between Five Countries Gender and Attachment Representations in the Preschool Years: Comparisons
Scale and Access Issues Affecting Smallholder Hog Producers in an Expanding Peri-Urban Market: Southern Luzon, Philippines

sustainable solutions for ending hunger and poverty sustainable solutions for ending hunger and poverty ® ® University of the Philippines Los Baños CGIAR Systemwide Livestock Programme Sections of this material may be reproduced for personal and not-for-profit use without the express written permission of but with acknowledgment to IFPRI. To reproduce material contained herein for profit or commercial use requires express written permission. To obtain permission, contact the Communications Division <ifpri-copyright@cgiar.org>. Scale and access issues affecting smallholder hog producers in an expanding peri-urban market : southern Luzon, Philippines / Achilles Costales. [et al.]. p. cm. — (Research report ; 151) Includes bibliographical references.
Key predictors of the implementation of strategic information systems plans

Strategic information systems planning (SISP) is the process of identifying a portfolio of computer-based applications that will assist an organization in executing its business plans and realizing its business goals. SISP is an important activity for information executives and top management. However, too often organizations fail to implement the recommendations from a SISP study. The SISP experiences of 105 experienced planners in this research used perceptual and objective measures to identify planning practices that predict the implementation of such plans. Deliberate planning for implementation during SISP presages that implementation whereas greater analysis of organizational needs may impede it.
Maternal perceptions of underweight and overweight for 6–8 years olds from a Canadian cohort: reporting weights, concerns and conversations with healthcare providers

Objectives The majority of mothers do not correctly identify their child's weight status. The reasons for the misperception are not well understood. This study's objective was to describe maternal perceptions of their child's body mass index (BMI) and maternal report of weight concerns raised by a health professional. Design Prospective, community-based cohort. Participants Data were collected in 2010 from 450 mothers previously included in a longitudinal birth cohort. Mothers of children aged 6–8 years reported their child's anthropometric measures and were surveyed concerning their opinion about their child's weight. They were also asked if a healthcare provider raised any concerns regarding their child's body weight. Child BMI was categorised according to the WHO Growth Charts adapted for Canada. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analyses were used to evaluate mothers' ability to correctly identify their children's body habitus. Results 74% of children had a healthy BMI, 10% were underweight, 9% were overweight and 7% were obese. 80%, 89% and 62% of mothers with underweight, overweight and obese children, respectively, believed that their child was at the right weight. The proportion of mothers who recalled a health professional raising concerns about their child being underweight, overweight, and obese was low (12.5%). Conclusions The majority of mothers with children at unhealthy weights misclassified and normalised their child's weight status, and they did not recall a health professional raising concerns regarding their child's weight. The highest rates of child body weight misclassification occurred in overweight children. This suggests that there are missed opportunities for healthcare professionals to improve knowledge exchange and early interventions to assist parents to recognise and support healthy weights for their children.
Superstar Cities

Differences in house price and income growth rates between 1950 and 2000 across metropolitan areas have led to an ever-widening gap in housing values and incomes between the typical and highest-priced locations. We show that the growing spatial skewness in house prices and incomes are related and can be explained, at least in part, by inelastic supply of land in some attractive locations combined with an increasing number of high-income households nationally. Scarce land leads to a bidding-up of land prices and a sorting of high-income families relatively more into those desirable, unique, low housing construction markets, which we label "superstar cities. " Continued growth in the number of high-income families in the U.S. provides support for ever-larger differences in house prices across inelastically supplied locations and income-based spatial sorting. Our empirical work confirms a number of equilibrium relationships implied by the superstar cities framework and shows that it occurs both at the metropolitan area level and at the sub-MSA level, controlling for MSA characteristics.
Optimal allocation approach of virtual servers in cloud computing

In this paper an optimal allocation approach of virtual servers to appropriate data centers is proposed for a network made up of collections of data centers and user groups. The virtual server allocation can be formalized as a linear programming (LP) problem which consists in minimizing the round-trip-times (latencies) between data centers and user groups. Our proposed allocation approach demonstrated good capabilities when evaluated under round-trip-time and group requirements (workload) changes.
Rudiments of mind: Insights through the chick model on number and space cognition in animals

Studies on human infants, focused on the ontogenetic origins of knowledge, have provided evidence for a small set of separable systems of core knowledge dealing with the representation of objects, number, and space. We investigated core knowledge systems from a comparative perspective, making use of the domestic chick as a model system, and filial imprinting as a key to animal mind. Here, we discuss evidence showing precocious abilities in the chick for representing: (i) the cardinal and ordinal/sequential aspects of numerical cognition, and (ii) the distance, angle, and sense relations among extended surfaces in the surrounding layout. Some of the abilities associated with core knowledge systems of number and space were observed in the absence of (or with very reduced) visual experience, supporting a nativistic account of the origins of knowledge.
Impossibility and universality results for wait-free synchronization

A wait-free implementation of a concurrent data object is one that guarantees that any process can complete any operation in a finite number of steps, regardless of the execution speeds of the other processes. The problem of constructing a wait-free implementation of one data object from another lies at the heart of much recent work in atomic read/write registers, multiprocessor architectures, and concurrent data structures. In the first part of this paper, we introduce a simple and general technique, based on reduction to a consensus protocol, for proving statements of the form "there is no wait-free implementation of X by Y. " We derive a hierarchy of objects such that no object at one level has a wait-free implementation in terms of objects at lower levels. In particular, we show that atomic read/write registers, which have been the focus of much recent attention, are at the bottom of the hierarchy: they cannot be used to construct wait-free implementations of many simple and familiar data types. Moreover, classical synchronization primitives such as test-and-set and fetch-and-add, while more powerful than read and write, are also computationally weak, as are the standard message-passing primitives. Nevertheless, in the second part of the paper, we show that there do exist simple universal objects from which one can construct a wait-free implementation of any sequential object. Copyright © 1988 Maurice P. Herlihy This paper will be published in the Proceedings of the Seventh ACM SIGACT-SIGOPS Symposium on Principles of Distributed Computing, August 1988. This research was sponsored by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DOD), ARPA Order No. 4976 under contract F33615-87-C-1499 and monitored by the: Avionics Laboratory Air Force Wright Aeronautical Laboratories Aeronautical Systems Division (AFSC) Wright-Patterson AFB, OHIO 45433-6543 The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency or the US Government.
Prototyping a Ferrofluid-Cooled Transformer

This paper presents the work conducted on prototyping a step-up/step-down, single-phased, low-power, and medium-voltage electrical transformer cooled by a fluid with colloidal magnetic nanoparticles. The magnetic and fluid dynamic properties and the heat capacities of the ferrofluid (magnetic nanofluid) and that of the regular coolant (UTR-40 transformer oil) were experimentally determined and comparatively evaluated. Mathematical models for the electromagnetic field and the heat transfer were defined and numerically solved to assess the capacity of the transformer to sustain the working conditions. The simulation results were utilized to improve the design of a prototype, where the UTR-40 regular coolant is replaced by ferrofluid. The numerical simulation results and the experiments evidence the superior performance of the prototype.
A Neural System for Error Detection and Compensation

Humans can monitor actions and compensate for errors. Analysis of the human event-related brain potentials (ERPs) accompanying errors provides evidence for a neural process whose activity is specifically associated with monitoring and compensating for erroneous behavior. This error-related activity is enhanced when subjects strive for accurate performance but is diminished when response speed is emphasized at the expense of accuracy. The activity is also related to attempts to compensate for the erroneous behavior.
CONCEPT LEARNING IN A REAL-WORLD DOMAIN

In many domains, automatic concept learning from real-world input data is a very useful, as well as complex, process. The use of a case-based concept learning system is presented in this paper. This system uses domain knowledge to guide the different steps of the construction and the utilization of the cases memory. Its originality is that the domain knowledge it uses consists both of simple domain knowledge, and of meta-knowledge. The use of meta-knowledge permits it to adapt closely to the domain, as is discussed through an application to psychiatry research on eating-disordered patients alimentary questionnaires.
Reversal of Cardiogenic Shock by Percutaneous Left Atrial-to-Femoral Arterial Bypass Assistance

Background—Recovery of myocardial function after revascularization of acutely occluded coronary arteries may require several days. During this critical time, patients in cardiogenic shock may have low output. A newly developed percutaneous left ventricular assist device (VAD) may offer effective treatment for these patients by providing active circulatory support. Methods and Results—Between May 2000 and May 2001, VADs were implanted in 18 consecutive patients who had cardiogenic shock after myocardial infarction. The device was connected to the patient’s circulation by insertion of a 21F venous cannula into the left atrium by transseptal puncture; blood was returned to the iliac artery through an arterial cannula. Mean duration of cardiac assistance was 4±3 days. Mean flow of the VAD was 3.2±0.6 L/min. Before support, cardiac index was 1.7±0.3 L/min per m2 and improved to 2.4±0.6 L/min per m2 (P <0.001). Mean blood pressure increased from 63±8 mm Hg to 80±9 mm Hg (P <0.001). Pulmonary capillary wedge pressure, central venous pressure, and pulmonary artery pressure were reduced from 21±4, 13±4, and 31±8 mm Hg to 14±4, 9±3, and 23±6 mm Hg (all P <0.001), respectively. Overall 30-day mortality rate was 44%. Conclusions—A newly developed VAD can be rapidly deployed in the catheterization laboratory setting. This device provides up to 4.0 L/min of assisted cardiac output, which may aid to revert cardiogenic shock. The left ventricle is unloaded by diverting blood from the left atrium to the systemic circulation, making recovery more likely after an ischemic event. The influence of this device on long-term prognosis warrants further investigation.