Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of Regulatory T Cell Frequencies and Expression of CTLA-4 on T Cells, before and after DC Vaccination, Can Predict Survival in GBM Patients

Purpose Dendritic cell (DC) vaccines have recently emerged as an innovative therapeutic option for glioblastoma patients. To identify novel surrogates of anti-tumor immune responsiveness, we studied the dynamic expression of activation and inhibitory markers on peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) subsets in glioblastoma patients treated with DC vaccination at UCLA. Experimental Design Pre-treatment and post-treatment PBL from 24 patients enrolled in two Phase I clinical trials of dendritic cell immunotherapy were stained and analyzed using flow cytometry. A univariate Cox proportional hazards model was utilized to investigate the association between continuous immune monitoring variables and survival. Finally, the immune monitoring variables were dichotomized and a recursive partitioning survival tree was built to obtain cut-off values predictive of survival. Results The change in regulatory T cell (CD3+CD4+CD25+CD127low) frequency in PBL was significantly associated with survival (p = 0.0228; hazard ratio = 3.623) after DC vaccination. Furthermore, the dynamic expression of the negative co-stimulatory molecule, CTLA-4, was also significantly associated with survival on CD3+CD4+ T cells (p = 0.0191; hazard ratio = 2.840) and CD3+CD8+ T cells (p = 0.0273; hazard ratio = 2.690), while that of activation markers (CD25, CD69) was not. Finally, a recursive partitioning tree algorithm was utilized to dichotomize the post/pre fold change immune monitoring variables. The resultant cut-off values from these immune monitoring variables could effectively segregate these patients into groups with significantly different overall survival curves. Conclusions Our results suggest that monitoring the change in regulatory T cell frequencies and dynamic expression of the negative co-stimulatory molecules on peripheral blood T cells, before and after DC vaccination, may predict survival. The cut-off point generated from these data can be utilized in future prospective immunotherapy trials to further evaluate its predictive validity.
DynamicBC: A MATLAB Toolbox for Dynamic Brain Connectome Analysis

The brain connectome collects the complex network architectures, looking at both static and dynamic functional connectivity. The former normally requires stationary signals and connections. However, the human brain activity and connections are most likely time dependent and dynamic, and related to ongoing rhythmic activity. We developed an open-source MATLAB toolbox DynamicBC with user-friendly graphical user interfaces, implementing both dynamic functional and effective connectivity for tracking brain dynamics from functional MRI. We provided two strategies for dynamic analysis: (1) the commonly utilized sliding-window analysis and (2) the flexible least squares based time-varying parameter regression strategy. The toolbox also implements multiple functional measures including seed-to-voxel analysis, region of interest (ROI)-to-ROI analysis, and voxel-to-voxel analysis. We describe the principles of the implemented algorithms, and then present representative results from simulations and empirical data applications. We believe that this toolbox will help neuroscientists and neurologists to easily map dynamic brain connectomics.
Tight Integration of Dereverberation and Automatic Speech Recognition

Speech recognition under reverberant condition is a difficult task. Most dereverberation techniques used to address this problem enhance the reverberant waveform independent to that of the speech recognizer. In this paper, we expanded and improved the conventional Spectral Subtraction-based (SS) dereverberation technique. In our proposed approach, the multiband SS parameters are optimized to improve the recognition performance. Moreover, the system is capable of adaptively fine-tuning these parameters in the acoustic modeling phase. Experimental results show that the proposed method significantly improves the recognition performance over the conventional approach.
Spinons in magnetic chains of arbitrary spins at finite temperatures

The thermodynamics of solvable isotropic chains with arbitrary spins is addressed by the recently developed quantum transfer matrix (QTM) approach. The set of nonlinear equations which exactly characterizes the free energy is derived by respecting the physical excitations at T = 0, spinons and RSOS kinks. We argue the implication of the present formulation for a spinon character formula of the level- WZWN model.
Prevalence of HCV Infections and Co-Infection With HBV and HIV and Associated Risk Factors Among Addicts in Drug Treatment Centers, Lorestan Province, Iran

Background: Hepatitis C is an infectious disease caused by blood-borne pathogen, hepatitis C virus (HCV). Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of HCV infection and associated risk factors among addicts in drug treatment centers in Lorestan Province, Iran. Patients and Methods: A cross-sectional sero-behavioral survey was given to drug addicts in the drug treatment centers of Khorramabad, Lorestan Province, Iran during June 2012 - March 2013. Drug addicts were interviewed using a standard questionnaire including demographic, imprisonment history, and HCV-related risk behavior items. Thereafter, the sera drawn from the participants were tested for anti-HCV antibody (Ab), anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Ab, and hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). Results: The mean age of the cohorts was 31.7. Up to 60.2% of drug users had educational levels less than high school, 67.5% were self-employed, and 32.5% were office workers. The mean duration of drug injection was 6.8 years. Statistical analyses indicated that the prevalence of HCV among drug addicts was positively associated with age, past incarceration, drug injection history, the duration of drug use, and tattooing. In addition, 16.23% of volunteers were HCV-positive. Of those infected with HCV, 1.10% was co-infected with HBV, 2.95% were positive for HIV, and 0.36% of HCV-positive cases were infected with all three viruses. Conclusions: The high prevalence of HCV infection among this group implies a high rate of transmission and exposure to the risk of serious diseases. It is important that the high prevalence of HCV infection be taken into consideration to control further transmission of this infection.
Isoperimetric inequalities for eigenvalues of triangles

Isoperimetric lower bounds for the first eigenvalue for the Dirichlet Laplacian on arbitrary triangles are proved using various symmetrization techniques. It is also shown that among triangles, the equilateral triangle maximizes the spectral gap and (under additional assumption) the ratio of the first two eigenvalues.
Patient specific computer automated dosimetry calculations during therapy with 111In octreotide

The aim of this study was to calculate the absorbed dose of 22 patients that were diagnosed for neuroendocrine tumours in liver and had received therapeutic dose of 111In octreotide. In-111 Octreotide infusion, via intrahepatic catheterization is well established technique in our Institution in hepatocellular carcinoma and neuroendocrine tumours treatments. The patient specific dosimetry calculations, for this way of treatment, were based on anterior and posterior scintigraphy images that were acquired immediately after radiopharmaceutical infusion, through hepatic arterial port and at 24 and 48 hours post-infusion. Gamma - camera was calibrated in order to estimate source organ activity considering count rate, patient's body diameter and source organ size. The results showed that the tumour absorbed dose ranged from 2.5 to 18.4 mGy/ MBq, depending on the lesion size. Patient specific dosimetry calculations helps the physician to optimize the planning of the treatment, avoid side effects to healthy tissue and assign administered dose to treatment results.
A refined physical model of the clarinet using a variable air jet height

A time-domain formulation of a lumped model approximation of a clarinet reed excitation mechanism is presented. The lumped model is based on an analytical representation of the flow within the reed channel, incorporating a contraction coefficient (vena contracta factor) that is defined as the ratio of the effective flow over the Bernoulli flow. This coefficient has been considered to be constant in previous studies focusing on sound synthesis. In this paper it will be treated as a function of the reed opening, varying between 0 and 1 as predicted by boundary layer flow theory. Focussing on a specific mouthpiece geometry, the effect of modelling a variable air jet height on the synthesised sound is analysed.
The mouse gut T lymphocyte, a novel type of T cell. Nature, origin, and traffic in mice in normal and graft-versus-host conditions

Lymphocytes of the mouse intestinal mucosa, identified in tissue sections or purified suspensions of intraepithelial lymphocytes as T cells (gut T lymphocytes [GTL]), were studied in normal mice or in beige mice (the equivalent of the Chediak-Higashi syndrome in man, characterized by giant granules in various cell types, including mast cells). Mice were studied in normal or in germ-free conditions, or during a graft versus host (GVH) reaction resulting from the injection of parental thymocytes into lethally irradiated F1 mice, a condition leading to massive accumulation of T lymphocytes of donor origin in the host gut mucosa. In normal as well as in GVH conditions, a high percentage of the gut IE lymphocytes contain granules (up to 80% in the beige mouse). These granules have ultrastructural, hostochemical and other features resembling those of mast cell granules; in beige mice, up to 50% of them can be shown to contain histamine. Granulated T cells are also found in the lamina propria. It appears that the GTL may progressively lose their surface T antigens when the granules become more developed. Kinetics of [3H]TdR labeling of the GTL, transfer experiments with T cells of various origins, selective [3H]TdR labeling and selective irradiation of the Peyer's patches (PP), and effect of thoraic duct (TD) drainage led to the conclusion that GTL are the progeny of T cells stimulated to divide in the PP microenvironment, which endows them with a gut-homing tendency. From the PP, these cells follow a cycle, migrating to the TD and to the blood to colonize the whole intestinal mucosa, the majority of them as dividing cells undergoing a single round of traffic, with some probably able to recirculate and becoming a more long-lived variety. Antigenic stimulation within the PP is necessary for the emergence of GTL progenitors, but their gut-homing property is unrelated to the antigen as shown with fetal gut grafts, notably in GVH where grafts syngeneic to the host or donor become similarly infiltrated by GTL. On the basis of their properties and of further evidence to be reported elsewhere, it is proposed that GTL belong to a special class of T lymphocytes, related to the immune defenses of the mucosal systems in general, and capable of acting as progenitors of mucosal mast cells.
Coverage is not strongly correlated with test suite effectiveness

The coverage of a test suite is often used as a proxy for its ability to detect faults. However, previous studies that investigated the correlation between code coverage and test suite effectiveness have failed to reach a consensus about the nature and strength of the relationship between these test suite characteristics. Moreover, many of the studies were done with small or synthetic programs, making it unclear whether their results generalize to larger programs, and some of the studies did not account for the confounding influence of test suite size. In addition, most of the studies were done with adequate suites, which are are rare in practice, so the results may not generalize to typical test suites. We have extended these studies by evaluating the relationship between test suite size, coverage, and effectiveness for large Java programs. Our study is the largest to date in the literature: we generated 31,000 test suites for five systems consisting of up to 724,000 lines of source code. We measured the statement coverage, decision coverage, and modified condition coverage of these suites and used mutation testing to evaluate their fault detection effectiveness. We found that there is a low to moderate correlation between coverage and effectiveness when the number of test cases in the suite is controlled for. In addition, we found that stronger forms of coverage do not provide greater insight into the effectiveness of the suite. Our results suggest that coverage, while useful for identifying under-tested parts of a program, should not be used as a quality target because it is not a good indicator of test suite effectiveness.
On the Empirics of Social Capital Author ( s ) :

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ATTACHMENT F Evaluation of PCB Dermal Absorption Factor Used in HHRA

In the Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) for the Housatonic River, EPA has used an absorption factor of 14 percent to evaluate dermal exposure to PCBs. This dermal absorption factor is based on a study by Wester et al. (1993) of PCB absorption from the soil into the skin of Rhesus monkeys. As discussed below, that study used soil with a large particle size and very low organic carbon content, which are not typical of floodplain soils, including those in the Housatonic River floodplain, and also used PCB mixtures different from the predominant mixture found at this site. Theoretical considerations and empirical data suggest that the dermal absorption factor estimated by Wester et al. (1993) almost certainly overstates absorption of PCBs from soils and sediments at this site. Indeed, a more recent dermal absorption study by Mayes et al. (2002), employing the same general protocol as Wester et al. (1993) but using soil with a more typical particle size and organic carbon content, as well as Aroclor 1260 (the predominant PCB mixture at this site), reported dermal absorption of around 4 percent. Although both studies have limitations, GE believes that the Mayes et al. (2002) results are more representative of site-specific soils at this site and thus should be used as the basis for the dermal absorption factor in the HHRA.
Neural Machine Translation in Linear Time

We present a novel neural network for processing sequences. The ByteNet is a one-dimensional convolutional neural network that is composed of two parts, one to encode the source sequence and the other to decode the target sequence. The two network parts are connected by stacking the decoder on top of the encoder and preserving the temporal resolution of the sequences. To address the differing lengths of the source and the target, we introduce an efficient mechanism by which the decoder is dynamically unfolded over the representation of the encoder. The ByteNet uses dilation in the convolutional layers to increase its receptive field. The resulting network has two core properties: it runs in time that is linear in the length of the sequences and it sidesteps the need for excessive memorization. The ByteNet decoder attains state-of-the-art performance on character-level language modelling and outperforms the previous best results obtained with recurrent networks. The ByteNet also achieves state-of-the-art performance on character-to-character machine translation on the English-to-German WMT translation task, surpassing comparable neural translation models that are based on recurrent networks with attentional pooling and run in quadratic time. We find that the latent alignment structure contained in the representations reflects the expected alignment between the tokens.
The Investment Game with Asymmetric Information

We analyze the effects of introducing asymmetric information and expectations in the investment game ( Berg et al., Games and Economic Behavior, 1995 , 10, 122-42). In our experiment, only the trustee knows the size of the surplus. Subjects' expectations about each other's behavior are also elicited. Our results show that average payback levels increase with the average amount sent. Asymmetric information does not reduce the amounts sent and returned, as compared with previous experimental studies. The first movers' choices increase with their expectations about the second movers' payback, whose choices depend in turn on the difference between expected and actual amounts received. Copyright Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2006.
Impact of some biofertilizers and compost on growth and chemical composition of Jatropha curcas L.

Pot experiments were carried out in the two seasons of 2011 and 2012 at Research and Production Station of National Research Center, Nubaria, Behaira Governorate, Egypt to study the effect of biofertilizers i.e. algae, microbien and phosphorien in addition to untreated plants as control on vegetative growth and some chemical constituents of Jatropha curcus L. seedlings. Algae, microbien and phosphorien as biofertilizes were added 5 cm /pot after 30 and 60 days after planting (DAP), or compost (peanut or Nile compost) at the rate of 3 200g/pot. Results showed that all treatments significantly promoted all growth parameters of Jatropha seedlings than control plants. The highest values of plant height stem diameter, number of leaves/plant and leaf area in seedling of Jatropha seedlings were obtained by application algae, microbien and compost. Compost gave the highest values of fresh and dry weight of leaves and roots. The same trend was noticed concerning chlorophyll a, b and caroteniods contents, as well as carbohydrate, total soluble indoles and total soluble phenols content due to algae, phosphorien, compost and microbien treatments, respectively. On the contrary, indoles and phenols content were decreased by compost application. It can be concluded that biofertilization (algae, microbien, phosphorien or compost) application had safe of agricultural treatments to hazard the undesirable impact of mineral fertilizers, also it had a favorable effect on growth and favorable effect on growth and availability of chemical composition of Jatropha curcus L. seedlings.
The Positive Effects of Customers’ Power on Their Behavioral Responses After Service Failure

Challenging the conventional perception that “power corrupts,” the authors assert that activation of customer power before a service encounter can lead to less negative behavioral manifestations toward a service provider after a service failure. Three experimental studies help substantiate this contention. Study 1 shows a sequential mediation process of how increased power leads to a more positive secondary appraisal and lessens the perceived severity of a failure. This process ultimately leads to (1) lower intentions for revenge and (2) lower demanded compensation. Study 2 solidifies these findings using stimuli for power inducement easily replicable by service managers. Study 3 establishes the boundary conditions and finds that the positive effects of power in postservice failure only holds for a single service failure context but not a double deviation context. This research offers an integrated explanation of how power leads to more positive behavioral actions through a sequential mediation effect involving cognitive appraisals. In doing so, this research sheds light on the nuances of power in affecting customer behavior. The practical method of activating perceived power may motivate service managers to apply it to buffer the potential negative effects of service failure. However, caution is advised, as such effects may diminish in the context of a series of failed resolution attempts.
INVESTIGATING COGNITIVE AND METACOGNITIVE STRATEGY USE DURING AN ENGLISH PROFICIENCY TEST

This paper reports on the results of a study of cognitive and metacognitive strategy use and its effect on the students’ test performance at the tertiary level in a Chinese EFL context. A 18-item survey involving 526 undergraduate non-English majors revealed that: (1) the students had a medium use of both cognitive and metacognitive strategies during the test; (2) cognitive and metacognitive strategy use was closely related to each other, but neither was a predictor for the other; and (3) though cognitive and metacognitive strategy use significantly correlated with the students’ performance in certain parts of the proficiency test, only the metacognitive strategy of evaluating one’s performance proved to be a positive predictor of the students’ performance in listening and reading comprehension and the overall written test. Based on the results, some implications and suggestions for future research are discussed. Keywords : Strategy use; Cognitive; Metacognitive; Test performance; Tertiary
Research of influencing factors of college teachers MOOC teaching acceptance

Nowadays, MOOC is developing rapidly athomeandabroad. The influencing factors of behavior intention of MOOC teaching is studied in the paper. The model is built based TAM3 model , and related research hypothesis is put forward . Then empiricalstudy is given. The questionnaires are sent out through network way and face-to face way. The data is dealt with by SPSS17.0 and AMOS 21.0. The data has good reliability andvalidity . The study result shows that perceived usefulness and social influencing are significantly positive related with behavior intention of behavior intention of college teachers. social influencing、job relevance、output quality and online teaching experiment are significantly positive related with perceived usefulness . Computer selfefficacy and perceptions of external control are significantly positive related with perceived ease of use . The gives us enlightenment for our policy making. The difference test of regression coefficient is tested, and we find that the regression coefficient of the job relevance influencing the perceived usefulness is much greater than that of other variates influencing perceived usefulness. The fittingdegree of the model is good. The explanatory power is good, and the explanatory proportion of behavior intention reaches 58.5%. And the moderator effect is tested. The results show that the professional titles and other variates have certain moderating effect on the model.Some countermeasures are put forward finally.
Viscous heating effects in fluids with temperature-dependent viscosity: triggering of secondary flows

Viscous heating can play an important role in the dynamics of fluids with a strongly temperature-dependent viscosity because of the coupling between the energy and momentum equations. The heat generated by viscous friction produces a local increase in temperature near the tube walls with a consequent decrease of the viscosity and a strong stratification in the viscosity profile which can trigger instabilities and a transition to secondary flows. In this paper we present two separate theoretical models: a linear stability analysis and a direct numerical simulation (DNS) of a plane channel flow. In particular DNS shows that, in certain regimes, viscous heating can trigger and sustain a particular class of secondary rotational flows which appear organized into coherent structures similar to roller vortices. This phenomenon can play a very important role in the dynamics of magma flows and, to our knowledge, it is the first time that it has been investigated by a direct numerical simulation.