Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Job Embeddedness as a Moderator of the Impact of Organisational Justice on Turnover Intentions: a Study in Iran

The purpose of this study was to examine job embeddedness as a moderator of the effects of distributive, procedural and interactional justice on turnover intentions. This study also investigated the relationship between the aforementioned justice dimensions and turnover intentions. Data were gathered from a sample of full‐time frontline hotel employees with a time lag of 2 weeks in Iran. The results demonstrated that the negative effects of distributive, procedural and interactional justice on turnover intentions were stronger among frontline employees with high levels of job embeddedness. The results further revealed that these justice dimensions had negative relationships with turnover intentions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Received 14 March 2011; Revised 11 May 2012; Accepted 18 May 2012
The Work Practices and Ergonomic Problems Experienced by Garment Workers in Ghana.

Although the role of ergonomics in everyday occupations has generated increased attention in the last few years, poor working environments present a serious threat to the livelihood and career of small-scale garment producers. This paper is one of the first to study dressmakers and tailors and their work environments in Ghana. The apparel industry holds a dominant share (40% out of a total of 24 133 establishments) in the country's manufacturing industry. However, to date, very little consideration has been given to the nature of this working environment. For example: do dressmakers and tailors perform their work under stressful conditions and do they attribute injuries to the tasks they perform in the workplace? Involving a sample of 100 individual garment producers as participants, a semi-structured interview schedule was used to elicit information on dressmakers' and tailors' knowledge of workplace stressors. Their work environment was observed and assessed for stressors. A physical discomfort survey was employed to identify the injuries they attributed to the performance of tasks in their workplace. Findings revealed that stressors included noise, poor ventilation, unsuitable seat heights, widths and depths, and awkward postures. Encountered discomforts affected the performance of sewing tasks and resulted in occasional and frequent pains in the lower back, neck, upper back and shoulders. These working conditions are detrimental to the development of this sector and the study concludes that there is an important educational role for trade organizations to assist manufacturers to improve working conditions for their workers.
A practical dynamic multi-secret sharing scheme

In this paper, we propose a practical dynamic multi-secret sharing scheme based on the intractability of the discrete logarithm and one way hash functions, the exclusive OR operation. Security analysis shows that our scheme could correctly reconstruct the shared secret, and our scheme is as secure as Lin-Yeh's scheme. In addition, in our schemes, all participants themselves select their shares, so the calculation amount of dealer is reduced and secure channel between the dealer and any participant is avoided. The group secret combiner can verify whether each participant's pseudo secret share true or not.
Defacing Election Posters: A Form of Political Culture Jamming?

Even in this media-centric age of the Internet, newspapers, television, and social networking, election posters are a significant form of communication in political campaigns. They are strategically placed to promote candidates and convince voters. However, viewers are not just passive receivers; they can also reciprocate and “jam” an election poster. This article offers an explorative approach to such practices to study their creation and usage. Two distinct examples of defacement are chosen and examined. Both of these reacted to the Social Democratic Party of Germany’s (SPD) election campaign for the German federal election in 2005. The election took place after widespread protests and a loss of confidence in the SPD and its chancellor. The investigated posters showed parallels to political culture jamming, though parody or disturbing effects are not true of all modifications. Election posters are also used as a medium to communicate politics from the grassroots.
Exploring the Spiritually Formative Experiences of Female Seminary Spouses: A Phenomenological Inquiry.

The purpose of this paper is to present the findings of a qualitative research study exploring the spiritually formative experiences of nonstudent, female, seminary spouses whose student spouses are beyond the halfway point in their pursuit of an M.Div. at a large evangelical seminary in the eastern United States. Fifteen participants (twelve online nonstudent spouses and three residential nonstudent spouses) were purposefully sampled. The data, which was collected through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and discussion forums, was analyzed using transcendental phenomenological analysis. Through this analysis it became apparent that seminary spouses did in fact experience spiritual formation through their husband's education. Spouses experienced enhancements in their spiritual formation as well as detractors in their formation. Formation enhancements included relational, intellectual, and practical enhancements whereas detractors were not thematically segmented.
Semi-supervised word sense disambiguation based on weakly controlled sense induction

Word Sense Disambiguation in text is still a difficult problem as the best supervised methods require laborious and costly manual preparation of training data. On the other hand, the unsupervised methods express significantly lower accuracy and produce results that are not satisfying for many application. The goal of this work is to develop a model of Word Sense Disambiguation which minimises the amount of the required human intervention, but still assigns senses that come from a manually created lexical semantics resource, i.e., a wordnet. The proposed method is based on clustering text snippets including words in focus. Next, for each cluster we found a core, the core is labelled with a word sense by a human and finally is used to produce a classifier. Classifiers, constructed for each word separately, are applied to text. A performed comparison showed that the approach is close in its precision to a fully supervised one tested on the same data for Polish, and is much better than a baseline of the most frequent sense selection. Possible ways for overcoming the limited coverage of the approach are also discussed in the paper.
The Effects of Breeding Protocol in C57BL/6J Mice on Adult Offspring Behaviour

Animal experiments have demonstrated that a wide range of prenatal exposures can impact on the behaviour of the offspring. However, there is a lack of evidence as to whether the duration of sire exposure could affect such outcomes. We compared two widely used methods for breeding offspring for behavioural studies. The first involved housing male and female C57Bl/6J mice together for a period of time (usually 10–12 days) and checking for pregnancy by the presence of a distended abdomen (Pair-housed; PH). The second involved daily introduction of female breeders to the male homecage followed by daily checks for pregnancy by the presence of vaginal plugs (Time-mated; TM). Male and female offspring were tested at 10 weeks of age on a behavioural test battery including the elevated plus-maze, hole board, light/dark emergence, forced swim test, novelty-suppressed feeding, active avoidance and extinction, tests for nociception and for prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response. We found that length of sire exposure (LSE) had no significant effects on offspring behaviour, suggesting that the two breeding protocols do not differentially affect the behavioural outcomes of interest. The absence of LSE effects on the selected variables examined does not detract from the relevance of this study. Information regarding the potential influences of breeding protocol is not only absent from the literature, but also likely to be of particular interest to researchers studying the influence of prenatal manipulations on adult behaviour.
Significance of the labeling index and labeling distribution as kinetic parameters in colorectal mucosa of cancer patients and DMH treated animals

To shed light on the more elevated labeling index (LI) found in the normal appearing mucosa of a group of colon cancer patients previously reported by Maskens and Deschner, the same data together with that from patients with an isolated adenoma, DMH treated CF1 mice and BD IX rats were analyzed on the basis of individual crypt values. One of 13 control patients had crypt values over 15% in contrast to 17 of the 26 cancer and polyp patients (P < 0.05). Crypts in control patients regardless of LI values showed some extension of the normal proliferative compartment from the lower two‐thirds to the upper third of glands (Stage I abnormality). In cancer patients, crypts with a low of 6–8% or a high of >15% revealed the Stage I defect in addition to an upward shift in the major zone of DNA synthesis from the lower to the middle and upper thirds of glands (Stage II abnormality), although both abnormalities were more emphatically expressed in glands with a high LI. Individual crypts in DMH treated mice had LI far higher than controls whereas no real differences in crypt LI were found between DMH treated rats and controls. Similar to colon cancer patients, both categories of crypts in DMH treated mice had the Stage I and II proliferative defects. Crypts in DMH treated rats, however, showed a downward shift of the major zone of DNA synthesis from the middle and upper third of glands. That DMH induces primarily microinvasive carcinomas in rats while in mice predominantly adenomas form, a proportion of which becomes malignant, would suggest a relationship between the direction of the shift of the major zone of proliferation and the type lesion induced. In man and mouse, hyperactive crypts would have a selective advantage over other glands allowing earlier expression of neoplastic transformation within them. Furthermore, their recognition as a marker along with the Stage II defect may be useful in tissues at high risk for colorectal tumorigenesis.
Telethonin Deficiency Is Associated With Maladaptation to Biomechanical Stress in the Mammalian Heart

Rationale: Telethonin (also known as titin-cap or t-cap) is a 19-kDa Z-disk protein with a unique &bgr;-sheet structure, hypothesized to assemble in a palindromic way with the N-terminal portion of titin and to constitute a signalosome participating in the process of cardiomechanosensing. In addition, a variety of telethonin mutations are associated with the development of several different diseases; however, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms and telethonin's in vivo function. Objective: Here we aim to investigate the role of telethonin in vivo and to identify molecular mechanisms underlying disease as a result of its mutation. Methods and Results: By using a variety of different genetically altered animal models and biophysical experiments we show that contrary to previous views, telethonin is not an indispensable component of the titin-anchoring system, nor is deletion of the gene or cardiac specific overexpression associated with a spontaneous cardiac phenotype. Rather, additional titin-anchorage sites, such as actin–titin cross-links via &agr;-actinin, are sufficient to maintain Z-disk stability despite the loss of telethonin. We demonstrate that a main novel function of telethonin is to modulate the turnover of the proapoptotic tumor suppressor p53 after biomechanical stress in the nuclear compartment, thus linking telethonin, a protein well known to be present at the Z-disk, directly to apoptosis (“mechanoptosis”). In addition, loss of telethonin mRNA and nuclear accumulation of this protein is associated with human heart failure, an effect that may contribute to enhanced rates of apoptosis found in these hearts. Conclusions: Telethonin knockout mice do not reveal defective heart development or heart function under basal conditions, but develop heart failure following biomechanical stress, owing at least in part to apoptosis of cardiomyocytes, an effect that may also play a role in human heart failure.
Comprehensive analysis of the numbers, lengths and amino acid compositions of transmembrane helices in prokaryotic, eukaryotic and viral integral membrane proteins of high-resolution structure

We report a comprehensive analysis of the numbers, lengths and amino acid compositions of transmembrane helices in 235 high-resolution structures of integral membrane proteins. The properties of 1551 transmembrane helices in the structures were compared with those obtained by analysis of the same amino acid sequences using topology prediction tools. Explanations for the 81 (5.2%) missing or additional transmembrane helices in the prediction results were identified. Main reasons for missing transmembrane helices were mis-identification of N-terminal signal peptides, breaks in α-helix conformation or charged residues in the middle of transmembrane helices and transmembrane helices with unusual amino acid composition. The main reason for additional transmembrane helices was mis-identification of amphipathic helices, extramembrane helices or hairpin re-entrant loops. Transmembrane helix length had an overall median of 24 residues and an average of 24.9 ± 7.0 residues and the most common length was 23 residues. The overall content of residues in transmembrane helices as a percentage of the full proteins had a median of 56.8% and an average of 55.7 ± 16.0%. Amino acid composition was analysed for the full proteins, transmembrane helices and extramembrane regions. Individual proteins or types of proteins with transmembrane helices containing extremes in contents of individual amino acids or combinations of amino acids with similar physicochemical properties were identified and linked to structure and/or function. In addition to overall median and average values, all results were analysed for proteins originating from different types of organism (prokaryotic, eukaryotic, viral) and for subgroups of receptors, channels, transporters and others.
Infections in Children with Acute Myelogenous Leukemia: Concepts of Management and Prevention

The child with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) is at high risk for infection, especially during the induction phase of therapy. Appreciation of special risk factors and the changing spectrum of infecting pathogens is critical to development of the most appropriate initial evaluation and therapy for these children. Based on the available data in pediatrics, and extrapolation from studies in adult populations, we make recommendations for the initial empiric management of the febrile child with AML, the proper use of vancomycin, and management of special infectious complications related to central venous catheter use. Fungal infections are rapidly becoming the single most serious supportive care problem for children with AML. Optimal initial empiric therapy, treatment of proven systemic infections, and current status of attempts at prophylaxis are reviewed. Finally, the issue of colony stimulating factor use in AML is broached. Hopefully, studies underway will demonstrate the benefits and risks of these agents in AML. The time is long past due for large, well designed studies of supportive care in AML. Therapeutic trials addressing this very important aspect of the total care of the child with AML need to accompany the advancing new anti-oncologic therapies of the disease.
Modelling and Managing Student Loyalty: A Study of a Norwegian University College

Higher education institutions are becoming increasingly businesslike, a shift that is transforming student loyalty into an important strategic theme for universities and colleges. This paper reports a “cross‐over” study that uses well‐known theories from service marketing in a new context, that of educational services addressing customer perspectives on the student role. The study draws on recent research on National Customer Satisfaction Index models, with loyalty as the ultimate dependent variable. The role of affects is embedded in the model, which also includes student satisfaction and students’ perceptions of the school’s reputation, as well as cognitive quality drivers. Three important findings are reported. First, the main results are in compliance with findings in the general literature on service marketing, strengthening the robustness of this modelling framework. Second, affects seem to be important mediators of quality drivers on satisfaction, and thus indirectly on student loyalty. Third, learning quality is the cognitive antecedent that by far has most influence on loyalty.
LATE CRETACEOUS TERRESTRIAL VERTEBRATES FROM MADAGASCAR: IMPLICATIONS FOR LATIN AMERICAN BIOGEOGRAPHY1

Abstract The Mahajanga Basin Project, initiated in 1993 and centered in Upper Cretaceous strata of northwestern Madagascar, has resulted in the discovery of some of the most complete, well-preserved, and significant specimens of Late Cretaceous vertebrate animals from the Southern Hemisphere and indeed the world. Among the most important finds are various specimens of crocodyliforms, non-avian dinosaurs, and mammals; these finds have the potential to provide key insights into the biogeographic and paleogeographic history of Gondwana. Madagascar has been physically isolated from Africa for over 160 million years and from all other major landmasses for more than 85 million years. The closest known relatives of many of the Late Cretaceous Malagasy taxa are penecontemporaneous forms from South America (primarily Argentina) and India, thus documenting a previously unrecognized high level of cosmopolitanism among Gondwanan vertebrates near the end of the Cretaceous. The family-level taxa that are shared among Madagascar, South America, and the Indian subcontinent are not known from penecontemporaneous horizons in mainland Africa, but it cannot yet be confidently determined if this is due to differential extinction, poor sampling, true absence (i.e., the taxa were never present on Africa), or some combination thereof. Nonetheless, currently available geologic and paleontologic data are most consistent with the Africa-first model, suggesting that Africa was the first of the major Gondwanan landmasses to be fully isolated prior to the Albian/Cenomanian boundary, and that its terrestrial vertebrate faunas became progressively more provincial during the Cretaceous, while those on other Gondwanan landmasses remained relatively cosmopolitan until the later stages of the Late Cretaceous.
Coagulation profile in patients with chronic kidney disease before and after kidney transplantation: A retrospective cohort study

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) tend to experience both thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications; however, the pathophysiology remains unclear. This study aimed to identify the underlying mechanisms and characteristics of hemostatic problems in patients with CKD and to demonstrate the role of kidney transplantation (KT) in correcting these hemostatic abnormalities.
Gene Expression Patterns of Pro-opiomelanocortin-processing Enzymes PC1 and PC2 During Postnatal Development of Rat Corticotrophs

We examined the expression and localization of the prohormone convertases, PC1 and PC2, in the anterior pituitary cells of developing rats by a double staining procedure using in situ RT-PCR and an immunofluorescence technique. In the adult, both PC1 mRNA and PC2 mRNA were expressed in corticotrophs, gonadotrophs, thyrotrophs, and mammotrophs. These cells, except for corticotrophs, had previously been considered to be ones in which proprotein processing does not take place, but both PC1 and PC2 may be necessary to process other proteins, such as granin family proteins, having proteolytic cleavage sites and located in secretory granules of the above trophs. In addition, no PC1 or PC2 mRNA was expressed in somatotrophs, which is consistent with the fact that somatotrophs do not contain these granins. In addition, 7B2 mRNA was expressed in these PC2-positive trophs, suggesting that there is a functional relationship between PC2 and 7B2 proteins. We found that α-MSH was expressed in the corticotrophs of the postnatal rat and that the number of α-MSH-immunopositive corticotrophs decreased as development proceeded. Because the changes in the pattern of POMC processing are considered to depend on the relative expression levels of PC1 and PC2, PC1 and PC2 mRNAs were examined in corticotrophs during postnatal development. We found a decrease in the number of PC2 mRNA-positive cells, which coincided with one in the number of α-MSH-immunopositive corticotrophs, as postnatal development proceeded. Our present data demonstrate that the α-MSH production varies directly in accordance with the expression of PC2. We also discuss the possible significance of α-MSH production during the postnatal period. (J Histochem Cytochem 52:943–957, 2004)
Verifying the Cosmological Utility of Type Ia Supernovae: Implications of a Dispersion in the Ultraviolet Spectra

We analyze the mean rest-frame ultraviolet (UV) spectrum of Type Ia Supernovae (SNe) and its dispersion using high signal-to-noise ratio Keck-I/LRIS-B spectroscopy for a sample of 36 events at intermediate redshift (z̄ = 0.5) discovered by the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Supernova Legacy Survey (SNLS). We introduce a new method for removing host galaxy contamination in our spectra, exploiting the comprehensive photometric coverage of the SNLS SNe and their host galaxies, thereby providing the first quantitative view of the UV spectral properties of a large sample of distant SNe Ia. Although the mean SN Ia spectrum has not evolved significantly over the past 40% of cosmic history, precise evolutionary constraints are limited by the absence of a comparable sample of high-quality local spectra. The mean UV spectrum of our z≃ 0.5 SNe Ia and its dispersion is tabulated for use in future applications. Within the high-redshift sample, we discover significant UV spectral variations and exclude dust extinction as the primary cause by examining trends with the optical SN color. Although progenitor metallicity may drive some of these trends, the variations we see are much larger than predicted in recent models and do not follow expected patterns. An interesting new result is a variation seen in the wavelength of selected UV features with phase. We also demonstrate systematic differences in the SN Ia spectral features with SN light curve width in both the UV and the optical. We show that these intrinsic variations could represent a statistical limitation in the future use of high-redshift SNe Ia for precision cosmology. We conclude that further detailed studies are needed, both locally and at moderate redshift where the rest-frame UV can be studied precisely, in order that future missions can confidently be planned to fully exploit SNe Ia as cosmological probes.
Strongly Degenerate Parabolic-Hyperbolic Systems Modeling Polydisperse Sedimentation with Compression

We show how existing models for the sedimentation of monodisperse flocculated suspensions and of polydisperse suspensions of rigid spheres differing in size can be combined to yield a new theory of the sedimentation processes of polydisperse suspensions forming compressible sediments ("sedimentation with compression"' or "sedimentation-consolidation process"). For N solid particle species, this theory reduces in one space dimension to an $N\times N$ coupled system of quasi-linear degenerate convection-diffusion equations. Analyses of the characteristic polynomials of the Jacobian of the convective flux vector and of the diffusion matrix show that this system is of strongly degenerate parabolic-hyperbolic type for arbitrary N and particle size distributions. Bounds for the eigenvalues of both matrices are derived. The mathematical model for N=3$ is illustrated by a numerical simulation obtained by the Kurganov-Tadmor central difference scheme for convection-diffusion problems. The numerical scheme exploits.