Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Manufacturing feature instances: which ones to recognize?

Manufacturing features and feature-based representations have become an integral part of research on manufacturing systems, largely due to their ability to model correspondences between design information and manufacturing operations. However, several research challenges still must be addressed in order to place feature technologies into a solid scienti(cid:12)c and mathematical framework. One challenge is the issue of alternatives in feature-based planning. Even after one has decided upon an abstract set of features to use for representing manufacturing operations, the set of feature instances used to represent a complex part is by no means unique. For a complex part, many (sometimes in(cid:12)nitely many) di(cid:11)erent manufacturing operations can potentially be used to manufacture various portions of the part|and thus many di(cid:11)erent feature instances can be used to represent these portions of the part. Some of these feature instances will appear in useful manufacturing plans, and others will not. If the latter feature instances can be discarded at the outset, this will reduce the number of alternative manufacturing plans to be examined in order to (cid:12)nd a useful one. Thus, what is required is a systematic means of specifying which feature instances are of interest. This paper addresses the issue of alternatives by introducing the notion of primary feature instances, which we contend are su(cid:14)cient to generate all manufacturing plans of interest. To substantiate our argument, we describe how various instances in the primary feature set can be used to produce the desired plans. Furthermore, we discuss how this formulation overcomes computational di(cid:14)culties faced by previous work, and present some complexity results for this approach in the domain of machined parts.
Experimental comparison of RF power LDMOSFETs on thin-film SOI and bulk silicon

Simultaneously fabricated RF power LDMOSFETs on thin-film SOI and bulk silicon wafers. This work compares their DC current-voltage (I-V), capacitance-voltage (C-V), S-parameter, and 1.9-GHz load-pull characteristics and explains differences between them. The SOI LDMOSFET performance is shown to be largely similar to the performance of an equivalent bulk silicon LDMOSFET, but there are important differences. The SOI LDMOSFET has moderately lower on-state breakdown voltage due to increased body resistance. It also has significantly improved power-added efficiency due to reduced parasitic pad losses.
The Role of Goals and Attention on Memory for Distance in Real and Virtual Spaces

Navigating in an environment generally involves a goal. However, to date, little is known about the influence of goals on immediate memory for distance and time in ‘cognitive maps. ’ The main aim of the thesis is to investigate the role goals play in memory for distance and time experienced during movement through a range of types of environment, and to begin to unpack the mechanisms at play. A secondary goal of the thesis is to examine the fidelity of virtual environments with respect to memory for distance and time. There has been a recent surge in the utilisation of Virtual Reality (VR) in research and practice. However, it remains unclear to what extent spatial behaviour in virtual environments captures the experience of Real Space. The environments tested in the thesis allow direct comparison of immediate memory for distance traversed and time spent in real human mazes versus VR versions of the same mazes. The first series of experiments tested the effects of goals varying in urgency and desirability on memory immediate memory for distance and time in real and virtual straight paths and paths with multiple turns. The results show reliable effects of goals on memory for distance and time. Moreover, the studies discount the influence of arousal and mood as an explanation for these effects, and suggest that goals may mediate attention to the environment. The second series of experiments investigated the role of attention in memory for distance and time in VR and in mentally simulated environments using verbal, visual, and auditory cues. The results of these studies show some evidence that attention in one’s environment influences memory for that environment. Overall, the results reveal that both goals and deployment of attention affect the representations people construct of their environments (cognitive maps) and subsequent recall. Implications are discussed more broadly with regard to research in spatial cognition.
New Basis for the Development of the next-generation Flickermeters

Flicker severity is a parameter defined in the Standard EN 50160 that involves both power quality and physiological features. Due to practical and theoretical reasons, the Flickermeter described by the relevant International Standard may lead to incorrect results when used to correlate voltage variations with annoyance caused by fluctuations of light emitted by other types of lamps different than those based on the incandescent-filament principle. Therefore, its replacement is under consideration by some international organizations given that these last type of lamps will be no more available on the marked starting from the next year. This paper is aiming at providing a contribution to the study of a new theory to be used for the design of the next generation Flickermeter that must account for a wider variety of luminous sources. In particular the research is focused on finding a new method for detecting the human being annoyance in presence of luminous flicker. It is based on the measurement of the pupil diameter under flicker conditions. First preliminary results confirm that this measurement technique can be considered for the above purpose.
Distinguishing screening mechanisms with environment-dependent velocity statistics

Alternative theories of gravity typically invoke an environment-dependent screening mechanism to allow phenomenologically interesting deviations from general relativity (GR) to manifest on larger scales, while reducing to GR on small scales. The observation of the transition from screened to unscreened behavior would be compelling evidence for beyond-GR physics. We show that pairwise peculiar velocity statistics, in particular the relative radial velocity dispersion, $\sigma_\parallel$ , can be used to observe this transition when they are binned by some measure of halo environment. We established this by measuring the radial velocity dispersion between pairs of halos in N-body simulations for three $f(R)$ gravity and four symmetron models. We developed an estimator involving only line-of-sight velocities to show that this quantity is observable, and binned the results in halo mass, ambient density, and the isolatedness of halos. Ambient density is found to be the most relevant measure of environment; it is distinct from isolatedness, and correlates well with theoretical expectations for the symmetron model. By binning $\sigma_\parallel$ in ambient density, we find a strong environment-dependent signature for the symmetron models, with the velocities showing a clear transition from GR to non-GR behavior. No such transition is observed for $f(R)$, as the relevant scales are deep in the unscreened regime. Observations of the relative radial velocity dispersion in forthcoming peculiar velocity surveys, if binned appropriately by environment, therefore offer a valuable way of detecting the screening signature of modified gravity.
Surveying the effect of a self-care education program on severity of nausea and emesis in colorectal cancer patients under chemotherapy

Background and objective Colorectal cancer is one of the main causes of mortality in both developed and developing countries, including Iran. One of the treatments available for colorectal cancer is chemotherapy, of which nausea and emesis are the side effects. Owing to problems in controlling the side effects, a combination of medicine and non-medicine interventions is usually used. Self-care is one of the non-medicine interventions in this regard. The present study was aimed at surveying the effect of a self-care education program on severity of nausea and emesis in colorectal cancer patients under chemotherapy. Methods A semi-experimental study was carried out in Imam Reza Hospital of Kermanshah, Iran. The sample group comprised 52 patients with colorectal cancer under chemotherapy. Data gathering tools included a demographics questionnaire and Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Emesis. To control intensity of nausea and emesis, a package of self-care measures including muscular progressive relaxation, music, and education on nutrition was used. Afterward, the collected data were analyzed using statistical tests such as Shapiro–Wilk test (to check normal distribution of the data), Mann–Whitney U test, Wilcoxon test, and chi-square test with the help of SPSS 20. Results The results showed a considerable decrease in intensity and frequency of nausea and emesis after the intervention. The p-value of Mann–Whitney U test results with regard to intensity of nausea in the experiment and control groups after the intervention was 0.029; this figure for intensity of emesis was 0.009, which indicated effectiveness of the self-care program. Conclusion As the results showed, using self-care program could be effective in attenuating intensity of emesis and nausea in colorectal cancer patients under chemotherapy. So, it can be concluded that the use of this program can increase the patient’s self-care ability to control vomiting and nausea, which can be considered as a complementary approach to the antiemetic medications.
Genome-Wide Expression Analysis of Ptf1a- and Ascl1-Deficient Mice Reveals New Markers for Distinct Dorsal Horn Interneuron Populations Contributing to Nociceptive Reflex Plasticity

Inhibitory interneurons of the spinal dorsal horn play critical roles in the processing of noxious and innocuous sensory information. They form a family of morphologically and functionally diverse neurons that likely fall into distinct subtypes. Traditional classifications rely mainly on differences in dendritic tree morphology and firing patterns. Although useful, these markers are not comprehensive and cannot be used to drive specific genetic manipulations targeted at defined subsets of neurons. Here, we have used genome-wide expression profiling of spinal dorsal horns of wild-type mice and of two strains of transcription factor-deficient mice (Ptf1a−/− and Ascl1/Mash1−/− mice) to identify new genetic markers for specific subsets of dorsal horn inhibitory interneurons. Ptf1a−/− mice lack all inhibitory interneurons in the dorsal horn, whereas only the late-born inhibitory interneurons are missing in Ascl1−/− mice. We found 30 genes that were significantly downregulated in the dorsal horn of Ptf1a−/− mice. Twenty-one of those also showed reduced expression in Ascl1−/− mice. In situ hybridization analyses of all 30 genes identified four genes with primarily non-overlapping expression patterns in the dorsal horn. Three genes, pDyn coding the neuropeptide dynorphin, Kcnip2 encoding a potassium channel associated protein, and the nuclear receptor encoding gene Rorb, were expressed in Ascl1-dependent subpopulations of the superficial dorsal horn. The fourth gene, Tfap2b, encoding a transcription factor, is expressed mainly in a Ascl1-independent subpopulation of the deep dorsal horn. Functional experiments in isolated spinal cords showed that the Ascl1-dependent inhibitory interneurons are key players of nociceptive reflex plasticity.
Centre de Referència en Economia Analítica Barcelona Economics Working Paper Series Working Paper n o 205 Education , Matching and the Allocative Value of Romance

Societies are characterized by customs governing the allocation of non-market goods such as marital partnerships. We explore how such customs affect the educational investment decisions of young singles and the subsequent joint labor supply decisions of partnered couples. We consider two separate matching paradigms for agents with heterogeneous abilities-one where partners marry for money and the other where partners marry for romantic reasons orthogonal to productivity or debt. These generate different investment incentives and therefore have a real impact on the market economy. While marrying for money generates greater investment efficiency, romantic matching generates greater allocative efficiency, since more high ability individuals participate in the labour market. The analysis offers the possibility of explaining crosscountry differences in educational investments and labor force participation based on matching regimes. * We are grateful to seminar participants at the University of Essex for helpful comments, and to the ARC for financial support under Discovery Project Grant No. DP0449887. Melvyn Coles also thanks the Barcelona Economics Program of CREA for support.
N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor antibodies in post–herpes simplex virus encephalitis neurological relapse

Herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE) is a devastating condition that relapses, often with a chorea in children, despite adequate antiviral treatment. At relapse, evidence of viral replication is frequently absent, suggesting that the relapse may be immune‐mediated. Seven children who had a neurological relapse following their initial encephalitis, identified from 20 cases of pediatric HSVE, were studied. Serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) were tested for N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate receptor (NMDAR) and other antibodies previously reported in central nervous system autoimmunity. Five of the 7 relapsing children had choreoathetosis; 2 of these were NMDAR antibody–positive, 2 were negative (1 with HSV‐positive CSF), and 1 was not available for testing. An additional patient, who relapsed with cognitive regression but with no movement disorder, was also NMDAR antibody–positive. In 2 of the NMDAR antibody–positive patients who were treated at relapse and in 1 who was treated only after 10 years of having a relapsing encephalopathy, a beneficial response was observed. Neurological relapses after HSVE may frequently be immune‐mediated, particularly in children with chorea. NMDAR antibodies are common, and immunotherapy may be beneficial. © 2013 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society
Carcinogenicity of ethylene oxide: key findings and scientific issues

Abstract In support of the Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) completed an evaluation of the inhalation carcinogenicity of ethylene oxide (EtO) in December 2016. This article reviews key findings and scientific issues regarding the carcinogenicity of EtO in EPA’s Carcinogenicity Assessment. EPA’s assessment critically reviewed and characterized epidemiologic, laboratory animal, and mechanistic studies pertaining to the human carcinogenicity of EtO, and addressed some key scientific issues such as the analysis of mechanistic data as part of the cancer hazard evaluation and to inform the quantitative risk assessment. The weight of evidence from the epidemiologic, laboratory animal, and mechanistic studies supports a conclusion that EtO is carcinogenic in humans, with the strongest human evidence linking EtO exposure to lymphoid and breast cancers. Analyses of the mechanistic data establish a key role for genotoxicity and mutagenicity in EtO-induced carcinogenicity and reveal little evidence supporting other mode-of-action hypotheses. In conclusion, EtO was found to be carcinogenic to humans by inhalation, posing a potential human health hazard for lymphoid and breast cancers.
Gait partitioning methods in Parkinson's disease patients with motor fluctuations: A comparative analysis

Measuring gait quality of patients through wearable sensors has become an useful tool to assist in drug administration. Several methods, based on inertial sensors placed on lower limbs, have been proposed over the last decade to estimate clinical meaningful parameters such as gait phase distribution. Application of those algorithms for monitoring gait abnormalities would have a tremendous potential in patients with Parkinson's disease. However, their applicability to patients with severe gait impairment has not been fully tested and compared. In the present study, we conducted a comparative analysis of gait phase detection methods applied to patients with Parkinson's disease both in OFF and ON levodopa conditions. We compared gait partitioning performance of three already proposed algorithms based on a threshold method and a novel Hidden Markov Model approach. Fourteen subjects with idiopathic PD have been enrolled in this study, and evaluated twice during the same day: both in OFF and in ON conditions. All patients have performed three walking tasks along a 20 m walkway in with four Inertial Measured Units placed on shanks and feet. The sagittal angular velocity of all segments and the linear acceleration of feet have been gathered to evaluate stance and swing phases. Force resistive sensors used as foot-switches have been placed under the feet to estimate the reference gait phase sequence. The goodness (G) of methods was evaluated through the Receiver Operating Characteristic. The results provided an optimum goodness for all examined methods (0 < G < 0.25). The best performance has been achieved with the Hidden Model Markov both in OFF (G=0.01) and ON (G=0.01) levodopa conditions. Our results encourage the applicability of HMM in developments of wearable systems for daily monitoring in patients with motor fluctuations.
The Effects of Horse Riding Simulation Training on Stroke Patients’ Balance Ability and Abdominal Muscle Thickness Changes

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of horse riding simulation training on changes in balance ability and abdominal muscle thicknesses of stroke patients. [Subjects] Thirty stroke patients with hemiplegia were recruited, and they were randomly assigned to a control or experimental group. [Methods] The experimental group performed horse riding simulation training, whereas the control group performed trunk exercises for 8 weeks. Balance ability was measured using a BioRescue system. The thicknesses of subjects’ external oblique, internal oblique, and transversus abdominis muscles were measured by ultrasonic imaging. [Results] In the experimental group, balance ability was significantly improved after training. Similarly, the thickness of the abdominal muscles on the affected side changed after training in the experimental group, whereas the control group showed no statistically significant changes. [Conclusion] We suggest that horse riding simulation training is more effective than trunk exercises at reducing the center of pressure path length and travel speed and improving the asymmetry of the abdominal muscles of stroke patients.
POMGnT1 mutation and phenotypic spectrum in muscle-eye-brain disease

Muscle-eye-brain disease (MEB; OMIM 253280) was first described in 1977 in Finland,1 where it is enriched because of founder effect and genetic isolation.2 MEB is now known to occur throughout the world, but Finland remains the country with the largest group of MEB patients. MEB patients present as floppy infants with visual problems and severe mental retardation. The hypotonia is partly caused by muscular dystrophy and partly by cerebral dysfunction. Hypotonia is replaced by spasticity and contractures with increasing age.1,3 Visual failure is the result of progressive myopia, retinal degeneration, and congenital glaucoma. Juvenile cataracts develop by the age of 10 years. The presence of giant visual evoked potentials is an important diagnostic feature.4 The typical central nervous system malformation revealed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), referred to as “cobblestone complex”,5 consists of cobblestone cortex, midline deformities, flat brain stem, mild cerebellar hypoplasia, and cerebellar cortical cysts.6 Microscopically the cortex is disorganised, with an overgrowth of glia forming a thick membrane on the brain surface.7 The combination of muscular dystrophy and a severe neuronal migration defect is not exclusive for MEB, but is also seen in Walker–Warburg syndrome (WWS; OMIM 2366708) and Fukuyama congenital muscular dystrophy (FCMD; OMIM 2538009). The recent molecular genetic findings have provided an explanation as to why the distinct clinical features are partially shared in these three diseases. The MEB gene encodes a protein O -mannose b-1, 2- N -acetylglucosaminyltransferase (POMGnT1). 10 Mutations in another enzyme involved in O -mannosylation, the O -mannosyltransferase (POMT1), were recently found in a group of WWS patients.11 Fukutin, encoded by the FCMD gene,12 is strongly suspected to play a role in glycosylation.13 The unifying feature in all these disorders is deficient post-translational glycosylation of α-dystroglycan,11,14– …
NL-Means and aggregation procedures

Patch based denoising methods, such as the NL-Means, have emerged recently as simple and efficient denoising methods. This paper provides a new insight on those methods by showing their connection with recent statistical aggregation techniques. Within this aggregation framework, we propose some novel patch based denoising methods. We provide some theoretical justification and then explain how to implement them with a Monte Carlo based algorithm.
Multi-Objective Deep Reinforcement Learning

We propose Deep Optimistic Linear Support Learning (DOL) to solve high-dimensional multi-objective decision problems where the relative importances of the objectives are not known a priori. Using features from the high-dimensional inputs, DOL computes the convex coverage set containing all potential optimal solutions of the convex combinations of the objectives. To our knowledge, this is the first time that deep reinforcement learning has succeeded in learning multi-objective policies. In addition, we provide a testbed with two experiments to be used as a benchmark for deep multi-objective reinforcement learning.
A Panoramic View of Some perturbed Nonlinear Wave Equations

In this paper we present a panoramic view of numerical simulations associated with nonlinear wave equations which appear in different experimental contexts. Mainly, we deal with scalar wave equations, but also the Maxwell equations in nonlinear media are studied. A basic part of this work is devoted to the construction and verification of numerical schemes on a physical basis. The stochastic perturbations of scalar wave equations are especially analyzed by analytical and numerical approaches. Also, other kinds of perturbations are considered, like nonlocal ones. Finally, a summary of promising experimental results from the numerical simulations of the Maxwell system in a nonlinear media is presented.
Less Truth than Error? An Independent Study of the Massachusetts Teacher Tests.

The Massachusetts Teacher Tests (MTT), introduced last year, have never been subject to external review as required by the measurement profession's standards and many legal precedents. Neither the Massachusetts Department of Education (DOE) nor the tests' manufacturer have made public information about the exams' reliability (consistency) or validity (meaningfulness). Using data from state and academic reports from the April and July test dates, an ad hoc committee of nationally-known researchers has now been able to make a preliminary assessment of the exams. The committee focused on the Communications and Literacy exam that was required of all prospective teachers regardless of grade level or subject area. The purpose of the analysis was to determine the accuracy of the tests in assessing the reading and writing skills of the test-takers. Scores on the Massachusetts Teacher Tests of reading and writing are highly unreliable. The tests' margin of error is close to double to triple the range found on well-developed tests. A person retaking the MTT several times could have huge