Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Role for the Cytoplasmic Polyadenylation Element in NMDA Receptor-Regulated mRNA Translation in Neurons

The ability of neurons to modify synaptic connections based on activity is essential for information processing and storage in the brain. The induction of long-lasting changes in synaptic strength requires new protein synthesis and is often mediated by NMDA-type glutamate receptors (NMDARs). We used a dark-rearing paradigm to examine mRNA translational regulation in the visual cortex after visual experience-induced synaptic plasticity. In this model system, we demonstrate that visual experience induces the translation of mRNA encoding the α-subunit of calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II in the visual cortex. Furthermore, this increase in translation is NMDAR dependent. One potential source for newly synthesized proteins is the translational activation of dormant cytoplasmic mRNAs. To examine this possibility, we developed a culture-based assay system to study translational regulation in neurons. Cultured hippocampal neurons were transfected with constructs encoding green fluorescent protein (GFP). At 6 hr after transfection, ∼35% of the transfected neurons (as determined by in situ hybridization) expressed detectable GFP protein. Glutamate stimulation of the cultures at this time induced an increase in the number of neurons expressing GFP protein that was NMDAR dependent. Importantly, the glutamate-induced increase was only detected when the 3′-untranslated region of the GFP constructs contained intact cytoplasmic polyadenylation elements (CPEs). Together, these findings define a molecular mechanism for activity-dependent synaptic plasticity that is mediated by the NMDA receptor and requires the CPE-dependent translation of an identified mRNA.
Performance Measurement and Management ( PMM ) for SMEs : a literature review and a reference framework for PMM design

In recent years, performance measurement and management (PMM) has received much attention from researchers and practitioners. Despite the growing use of PMM systems, different problems cause companies to experience difficulty in implementing such systems, with consequent risk of partial benefits or total goal failure. The literature on PMM is nowadays quite vast, but only a ten of models addresses the problem in its entirety and relatively little research addresses to Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Based on a structured literature review of PMM models, factors influencing PMM initiatives in SMEs and milestones for PMM design, the authors provide an evaluation of frameworks today available. Based on the identification of strengths and weakness of these frameworks, the authors propose a new integrated framework for PMM design, which fulfills the identified lacks and optimizes strengths. The framework proposed is a significant contribute to enhance SME application of such a systems.
Frequency and Damping Estimation Methods - An Overview

This overview paper presents and compares different methods traditionally used for estimating damped sinusoid parameters. Firstly, direct nonlinear least squares fitting the signal model in the time and frequency domains are described. Next, possible applications of the Hilbert transform for signal demodulation are presented. Then, a wide range of autoregressive modelling methods, valid for da mped sinusoids, are discussed, in which frequency and damping are estimated from calculated signal linear self -prediction coefficients. These methods aim at solving, directly or using least squares, a matrix linear eq uation in which signal or its autocorrelation function samples are used. The Prony, Steiglitz-McBride, Kumaresan-Tu fts, Total Least Squares, Matrix Pencil, YuleWalker and Pisarenko methods are taken into account. Finally, the interpolated discrete Fourier transform is presented with examples of Bertocco, Yoshida, and Agrež algo rithms. The Matlab codes of all the discussed methods are given. The second part of the paper presents sim ulation results, compared with the Cramer-Rao lower bound and commented. All tested methods are compared w ith respect to their accuracy (systematic errors), noise robustness, required signal length, and computational complexity.
Gender, topic, and audience response: an analysis of user-generated content on facebook

Although both men and women communicate frequently on Facebook, we know little about what they talk about, whether their topics differ and how their network responds. Using Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA), we identify topics from more than half a million Facebook status updates and determine which topics are more likely to receive feedback, such as likes and comments. Women tend to share more personal topics (e.g., family matters), while men discuss more public ones (e.g., politics and sports). Generally, women receive more feedback than men, but "male" topics (those more often posted by men) receive more feedback, especially when posted by women.
. Agency Use Only(leave Blank) 2. Report Date 3. Report Type and Dates Covered Measurements of Fluctuating Pressure in a Rectangular Cavity in Transonic Flow at High Reynolds Numbers

Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden,
Contagious Depression: Negative Attachment Cognitions as a Moderator of the Temporal Association Between Parental Depression and Child Depression

This study examined whether negative attachment cognitions moderate the association between the onset of depressive symptoms in children and their parents using a high-risk sample (parents with a history of major depressive episodes and their children) and a multiwave longitudinal design. During the initial assessment, 140 children (ages 6–14) completed a measure assessing parent-child attachment cognitions. Parents and children also completed measures assessing current level of depressive symptoms. Following the initial assessment, children and parents were contacted every 6 weeks for the next year to complete measures assessing depressive symptoms. The results of hierarchical linear modeling analyses indicated that children who exhibited high levels of negative attachment cognitions reported greater elevations in depressive symptoms following elevations in their parent's level of depressive symptoms than children who exhibited low levels.
Weighted Moving Average Passive Aggressive Algorithm for Online Portfolio Selection

Passive aggressive algorithms for online portfolio selection, such as PAMR, were recently shown empirically to achieve state-of-the-art performance in various stock markets. Inspired by the multi-period mean reversion principle in Antic or Algorithm, we present a passive aggressive algorithm by introducing a moving averaged loss function and achieve a novel online portfolio selection strategy named "Weighted Moving Average Mean Reversion" (WMAMR). The strategy is able to effectively exploit the power of mean reversion for online portfolio selection. Extensive experiments on various real markets demonstrate the effectiveness of our strategy in comparison with PAMR, especially with transaction cost.
Early Retirement

In the Netherlands a transition takes place fromearly retirement schemes, which are characterizedby high implicit tax rates to schemes that have ahigher degree of actuarial fairness. in this paperwe look at the impact of this change at the laborparticipation rates of 55 to 65 years old persons.The analysis has been applied on repeated choiceson the basis of stated preferences. We estimate amixed (or random parameters) logit model. The mostimportant finding is the independent role that isplayed by the number of years for which has builtup pension claims. Its impact does not only run viathe discounted value of future pension streams. Theresults indicate that the change in the earlyretirement schemes will considerably increaselabor participation. A participation rate of 50%for the age group under consideration is within reach.
How Does Online Social Network Change My Mood? An Empirical Study of Depression Contagion On Social Network Sites Using Text-mining

Depression is one of the most common mental health problems among young adults, which is often associated with many other negative health and social problems. Despite numerous studies about depression and its transmission in the offline environment, there are few studies investigating how depression is transmitted on Social Network Sites (SNS). In this study, we build a new theory about depression contagion on SNS. We propose that negative (positive) contents can enhance (attenuate) users’ depression levels. Furthermore, two factors: communication specificity and tie strength are expected to moderate the relationship between content valence and depression level. We use sentiment analysis to measure content valence, and design a novel mixed approach to measure users’ depression symptoms and moods. The results of the study will help us find some methods to alleviate depression that may occur via communication on SNS.
Energy, industry modernization and poverty reduction : a review and analysis of current policy thinking

xiii Preamble xv Section 1 – Introduction 1 Section 2 – Literature Review 8 2.1. Energy linked to economic growth 11 2.2. Electricity/energy linked to poverty reduction 15 2.3. Infrastructure linkages to poverty reduction and economic growth 19 Section 3 Correlations and Models of Energy Use and Economic Development 21 3.1. Urbanisation Energy consumption 27 3.2. Total power expenditures Villages electrified 27 3.3. Energy use GDP growth 27 3.4. Household characteristics Electricity access 27 3.5. Access to electricity Income growth 28 3.6. Energy and electricity expenditure characteristics Poverty reduction 29 3.7. Energy consumption Agricultural productivity and growth 30 3.8. Rural power investments and electricity consumption Wealth creation 30 Section 4 Policy Advisory and Technical Co-operation Assistance 32 Section 5 – Concluding Remarks 42 References 44 Appendices 2
Emotion Recognition Based on Multi-Variant Correlation of Physiological Signals

Emotion recognition based on affective physiological changes is a pattern recognition problem, and selecting specific physiological signals is necessary and helpful to recognize the emotions. Fingertip blood oxygen saturation (OXY), galvanic skin response (GSR) and heart rate (HR) are acquired while amusement, anger, grief and fear of 101 subjects are individually elicited by films. The affective physiological changes in multi-subject GSR, the first derivative of GSR (FD_GSR) and HR are detected by the multi-variant correlation method. The correlation analysis reveals that multi-subject HR, GSR and FD_GSR fluctuations respectively have common intra-class affective patterns. In addition to the conventional features of HR and GSR, the affective HR, GSR and FD_GSR fluctuations are quantified by the local scaling dimension and applied as the affective features. The multi-subject affective database containing 477 cases is classified by a Random Forests classifier. An overall correct rate of 74 percent for quinary classification of amusement, anger, grief, fear and the baseline state are obtained.
Evidence from an Experiment on Charity to Welfare Recipients: Reciprocity, Altruism and the Empathic Responsiveness Hypothesis

This article investigates the determinants of generosity in an experiment on charity to real-life welfare recipients. It tests the effects of various measures of unconditional altruism and conditional or reciprocal altruism. The results show strong support for conditional or reciprocal altruism. However, people who are self-reported unconditional altruists make offers that are highly elastic with respect to the apparent worthiness of the recipient. One interpretation of this is that self-reported unconditional altruists have combined desires to help others and to reciprocate; unconditional altruism and reciprocal altruism may not be independent motives. I refer to this combination as empathic responsiveness. Economists have long argued that social preferences may play an important role in determining generosity from the rich to the poor. Two broad classes of fairness motives
Council on Library and Information Resources Enduring Paradigm, New Opportunities: Executive Summary

Additional copies are available for $15.00 from the address noted above. Orders must be prepaid, with checks made payable to the Council on Library and Information Resources. Preface The Web is spawning a large mass of information of varying quality and value. From that huge, undifferentiated mass, librarians must sift carefully and assiduously to find material for their patrons that is valuable and trustworthy. Selecting published items for acquisition has presented many challenges over the years, but librarians have been trained to meet those challenges and to shape collections that best serve the needs of their users. What skills and practices will help them in the realm of electronic information? As intellectual content migrates from print, film, and tape to electronic formats, it moves from a world characterized by the fixity and relative permanence of the medium into one in which the stability of the text is easily compromised, the permanence of the intellectual content hard to ensure, and the means of accessing the information controlled by the user, not the creator, publisher, or librarian. The new forms of electronic communication often have more in common with unpublished materials and gray literature than with the materials librarians usually see. Even electronic journals pose problems of version control and challenges to long-term accessibility that are unknown in the print world. In developing new tools and skills for assessing, acquiring, cataloging, and preserving this type of information, librarians often seek answers to questions that archivists and other information specialists have dealt with for years. As Anne Gilliland-Swetland persuasively argues in this report, digital technology is erasing many of the distinctions between custodians of information and custodians of artifacts—museum curators, librarians, archivists, and information technology specialists. This report provides an overview of the roles that archives and archivists have traditionally played in collecting and managing historical evidence. The author describes how archivists are relying on old theoretical approaches while developing new skills to grapple with the avalanche of electronic records. In clarifying the roles that process and context play in determining the value and integrity of electronic records, she offers to librarians and other information specialists fresh insights into how digital information behaves, carries meaning, and gains (or loses) value for users over time. The differences between archives and libraries will continue to be significant. While archivists deal with only one type of document—a record—li-braries deal with many. And while archivists are responsible …
Informality: Exit and Exclusion

Informality: exit and exclusion analyzes informality in Latin America, exploring root causes and reasons for and implications of its growth. The authors use two distinct but complementary lenses: informality driven by exclusion from state benefits or the circuits of the modern economy, and driven by voluntary 'exit' decisions resulting from private cost-benefit calculations that lead workers and firms to opt out of formal institutions. They find both lenses have considerable explanatory power to understand the causes and consequences of informality in the region. Informality: exit and exclusion concludes that reducing informality levels and overcoming the 'culture of informality' will require actions to increase aggregate productivity in the economy, reform poorly designed regulations and social policies, and increase the legitimacy of the state by improving the quality and fairness of state institutions and policies. Although the study focuses on Latin America, its analysis, approach, and conclusions are relevant for all developing countries.
Self-calibrating multi-camera visual-inertial fusion for autonomous MAVs

We address the important problem of achieving robust and easy-to-deploy visual state estimation for micro aerial vehicles (MAVs) operating in complex environments. We use a sensor suite consisting of multiple cameras and an IMU to maximize perceptual awareness of the surroundings and provide sufficient redundancy against sensor failures. Our approach starts with an online initialization procedure that simultaneously estimates the transformation between each camera and the IMU, as well as the initial velocity and attitude of the platform, without any prior knowledge about the mechanical configuration of the sensor suite. Based on the initial calibrations, a tightly-coupled, optimization-based, generalized multi-camera-inertial fusion method runs onboard the MAV with online camera-IMU calibration refinement and identification of sensor failures. Our approach dynamically configures the system into monocular, stereo, or other multi-camera visual-inertial settings, with their respective perceptual advantages, based on the availability of visual measurements. We show that even under random camera failures, our method can be used for feedback control of the MAVs. We highlight our approach in challenging indoor-outdoor navigation tasks with large variations in vehicle height and speed, scene depth, and illumination.
Object detection in 20 questions

We propose a novel general strategy for object detection. Instead of passively evaluating all object detectors at all possible locations in an image, we develop a divide-and-conquer approach by actively and sequentially evaluating contextual cues related to the query based on the scene and previous evaluations - like playing a "20 Questions" game - to decide where to search for the object. We formulate the problem as a Markov Decision Process and learn a search policy by reinforcement learning. To demonstrate the efficacy of our generic algorithm, we apply the 20 questions approach in the recent framework of simultaneous object detection and segmentation. Experimental results on the Pascal VOC dataset show that our algorithm reduces about 45.3% of the object proposals and 36% of average evaluation time while achieving better average precision compared to exhaustive search.
Efficient Bandwidth and Power Allocation Algorithms for Multiuser MIMO-OFDM Systems

This paper studies the problem of finding an effective subcarrier and power allocation strategy for downlink communication to multiple users in a MIMO-OFDM system with zero-forcing beamforming. The problem of minimizing total power consumption with constraint on transmission rate for users is formulated. The problem of joint allocation is divided into two stages. In the first stage, the number of subcarriers that each user will get is determined based on the users’ average signal-to-noise ratio. In the second stage, it finds the best assignment of subcarriers to users. The optimal method is a complex combinatorial problem which can only be assuredly solved through an Exhaustive Search (ES). Since the ES method has high computational com-plexity, the normalized user selection algorithm and the simplified-normalized user selection algorithm are proposed to reduce the computational complexity. Simulation results show that the proposed low complexity algorithms offer better performance compared with an existing algorithm.
Activation of transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) influences how retinal ganglion cell neurons respond to pressure-related stress

Our recent studies implicate the transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) channel as a mediator of retinal ganglion cell (RGC) function and survival. With elevated pressure in the eye, TRPV1 increases in RGCs, supporting enhanced excitability, while Trpv1 -/- accelerates RGC degeneration in mice. Here we find TRPV1 localized in monkey and human RGCs, similar to rodents. Expression increases in RGCs exposed to acute changes in pressure. In retinal explants, contrary to our animal studies, both Trpv1 -/- and pharmacological antagonism of the channel prevented pressure-induced RGC apoptosis, as did chelation of extracellular Ca2+. Finally, while TRPV1 and TRPV4 co-localize in some RGC bodies and form a protein complex in the retina, expression of their mRNA is inversely related with increasing ocular pressure. We propose that TRPV1 activation by pressure-related insult in the eye initiates changes in expression that contribute to a Ca2+-dependent adaptive response to maintain excitatory signaling in RGCs.
Learned versus optimizing behavior in simple situations

By "simple situations" I mean those experimental designs commonly used in psychophysics, learning, and motivation, especially in studies intended to test one or another mathematical model. In fact, in this chapter only experiments for which the subject has two possible responses are discussed because mathematical theories are moderately well worked out only for these simple situations. Even there we still do not understand completely what is involved, as we shall see. If we examine existing mathematical theories for these simple situations, we find two quite different classes of models, which, when we focus on their mathematical structure, may be described as stochastic and static decomposition models or, when we focus on their psychological interpretations, as adaptive and analytic models. Current adaptive (or learning) models attempt to capture a subject's trial-by-trial choice behavior in terms of a stochastic process. These models apply to situations in which the same choice is repeatedly presented and the outcome to the subject on each trial depends both on his response and on the stimulus presented. The theoretical problem is to discover what remains invariant from trial to trial and, therefore, what constrains
Keating: The inside story

Although he was at the forefront of Australian political life for some 13 years, Paul Keating has remained mysterious. This biography looks at the Prime Minister who did things his way, and who was not afraid to tackle the big issues, such as the economy, Aboriginal relations and the republic. Using confidential documents, policy files, and interviews with Keating, the author examines the world of Treasury and the Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet and explores one man's controversial methods of running the country.
Saliency-based Models of Image Content and their Application to Auto-Annotation by Semantic Propagation

In this paper, we propose a model of automatic image annotation based on propagation of keywords. The model works on the premise that visually similar image content is likely to have similar semantic content. Image content is extracted using local descriptors at salient points within the image and quantising the feature-vectors into visual terms. The visual terms for each image are modelled using techniques taken from the information retrieval community. The modelled information from an unlabelled query image is compared to the models of a corpus of labelled images and labels are propagated from the most similar labelled images to the query image.
In search of Canadian political culture

List of Tables Acknowledgments Introduction 1 Pathways to Canadian Political Culture 2 Surveying and Comparing Political Cultures 3 Constitutions and Institutions as Culture 4 Culture, Biculture, Multiculture, Aboriginal Culture 5 Regions and Political Culture 6 Atlantic Canada: Traditional Political Culture? 7 Quebec: Political Culture of a Distinct Society 8 Ontario: Archetypal English Canadian Political Culture 9 The Midwest: Social Democratic Political Culture? 10 The Far West: Parvenu Political Culture Conclusion Notes Bibliographic Note Index