Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Constraint-Based Model of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 Metabolism: A Tool for Data Analysis and Hypothesis Generation

Shewanellae are gram-negative facultatively anaerobic metal-reducing bacteria commonly found in chemically (i.e., redox) stratified environments. Occupying such niches requires the ability to rapidly acclimate to changes in electron donor/acceptor type and availability; hence, the ability to compete and thrive in such environments must ultimately be reflected in the organization and utilization of electron transfer networks, as well as central and peripheral carbon metabolism. To understand how Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 utilizes its resources, the metabolic network was reconstructed. The resulting network consists of 774 reactions, 783 genes, and 634 unique metabolites and contains biosynthesis pathways for all cell constituents. Using constraint-based modeling, we investigated aerobic growth of S. oneidensis MR-1 on numerous carbon sources. To achieve this, we (i) used experimental data to formulate a biomass equation and estimate cellular ATP requirements, (ii) developed an approach to identify cycles (such as futile cycles and circulations), (iii) classified how reaction usage affects cellular growth, (iv) predicted cellular biomass yields on different carbon sources and compared model predictions to experimental measurements, and (v) used experimental results to refine metabolic fluxes for growth on lactate. The results revealed that aerobic lactate-grown cells of S. oneidensis MR-1 used less efficient enzymes to couple electron transport to proton motive force generation, and possibly operated at least one futile cycle involving malic enzymes. Several examples are provided whereby model predictions were validated by experimental data, in particular the role of serine hydroxymethyltransferase and glycine cleavage system in the metabolism of one-carbon units, and growth on different sources of carbon and energy. This work illustrates how integration of computational and experimental efforts facilitates the understanding of microbial metabolism at a systems level.
Introduction: Theorizing and Studying Institutional Work

The 'institutional' approach to organizational research has shown how enduring features of social life - such as marriage and bureaucracy - act as mechanisms of social control. Such approaches have traditionally focused attention on the relationships between organizations and the fields in which they operate, providing strong accounts of the processes through which institutions govern action. In contrast, the study of institutional work reorients these traditional concerns, shifting the focus to understanding how action affects institutions. This book sets a research agenda within the field of institutional work by analyzing the ways in which individuals, groups, and organizations work to create, maintain, and disrupt the institutions that structure their lives. Through a series of essays and case studies, it explores the conceptual core of institutional work, identifies institutional work strategies, provides exemplars for future empirical research, and embeds the concept within broader sociological debates and ideas.
Relationship between Satisfying Psychological Needs and Resilience in High-school Students in Dezful Town

This study aims to investigate the relationship between satisfying psychological needs and resilience. This is a correlation study and statistical sample is high school students in Dezful provinces in academic year 2012-2013 that 379 students (183 male and 196 female) were selected with random multi step cluster sampling. Conner-Davidson resilience scale and Gardia, Deci and Ryan's need satisfaction scale were completed and their validity and reliability were confirmed with Cranach alpha. Multiple regression analysis results showed that need for autonomy and capability have positive and significant effect on resilience. In sum, findings of study provide good evidences for effect of satisfying psychological needs on children resilience .
Acoustic and perceptual measures of SATB choir performances on two types of portable choral riser units in three singer-spacing conditions

Under controlled conditions, we assessed acoustically (long-term average spectra) and perceptually (singer survey, listener survey) six performances of an soprano, alto, tenor, and bass (SATB) choir (N = 27) as it sang the same musical excerpt on two portable riser units (standard riser step height, taller riser step height) with varied dimensions of largely horizontal space (close spacing, lateral spacing, circumambient spacing) between singers. Given previous research that suggested horizontally spread spacing between choristers contributes to chorister perceptions of more efficient vocal production and audience preferences for choral sound, we wondered: (1) if spectra analyses might point to a possible acoustical explanation for auditor preferences; and (2) if increasing the height of riser steps to add more vertical space between rows of singers would affect choir sound. Statistical analyses of spectra data acquired from an audience position microphone found significant differences (p < .001) in mean signal amplitudes among the various performances. The taller riser unit appeared to enhance modestly the contributions of horizontally spread lateral and circumambient singer spacing. These effects were most robust (c.2–4dB) in diffusion of higher frequency partials in the 2.4–3.7kHz range in and around the ‘singer’s formant’ frequency region on both riser units, and in 4.7–7.1kHz partials on the tall riser unit. All choristers (100%) thought horizontal singer spacing influenced choir sound; 92.59% of singers described this perceived influence as ‘moderate’ or ‘much. ’ Most choristers (96.29%) thought riser step height influenced choral sound, with 62.95% of singers perceiving this influence as ‘moderate’ or ‘much. ’ Singers thought spread spacing contributed to most comfortable vocal production, better hearing of self and ensemble, and best overall choir sound. Listener (N = 21) survey results indicated significant preference for the overall sound of the spread singer conditions in close versus spread comparisons.
Combination of artificial neural-network forecasters for prediction of natural gas consumption

The focus of this paper is on combination of artificial neural-network (ANN) forecasters with application to the prediction of daily natural gas consumption needed by gas utilities. ANN forecasters can model the complex relationship between weather parameters and previous gas consumption with the future consumption. A two-stage system is proposed with the first stage containing two ANN forecasters, a multilayer feedforward ANN and a functional link ANN. These forecasters are initially trained with the error backpropagation algorithm, but an adaptive strategy is employed to adjust their weights during on-line forecasting. The second stage consists of a combination module to mix the two individual forecasts produced in the first stage. Eight different combination algorithms are examined, they are based on: averaging, recursive least squares, fuzzy logic, feedforward ANN, functional link ANN, temperature space approach, Karmarkar's linear programming algorithm and adaptive mixture of local experts (modular neural networks). The performance is tested on real data from six different gas utilities. The results indicate that combination strategies based on a single ANN outperform the other approaches.
Molecular cloning and characterization of iojap (ij), a pattern striping gene of maize.

Iojap (ij) is a recessive striped mutant of maize affecting the development of plastids in a local and position‐dependent manner on the leaves. The ij‐affected plastids are transmitted to some of the progeny even when the function of the nuclear gene is restored. Developmental defects during embryogenesis and leaf proliferation are other phenotypic characteristics of ij. The extent of striping and the degree of developmental arrest in ij depend upon genetic background. To understand the diverse and unique phenotypic expression of ij, a transposon tagging experiment has been conducted using Robertson's Mutator (Mu). A new ij mutant was obtained from crosses of the reference allele of (ij‐ref) to Mu lines. Subsequent genetic and molecular studies showed that the mutant carried a new ij allele (ij‐mum1) from the Mu lines and contained a Mu1 element that cosegregated with the iojap phenotype. A 6.0 kb EcoRI genomic DNA fragment containing the Mu1 element was cloned. ij‐ref is unstable, and revertants (Ij‐Rev) have been obtained. Using the flanking DNA from the genomic clone as a probe, DNA polymorphisms were detected between ij‐ref and these revertants. Further, transcripts were restored to the normal level in Ij‐Rev seedlings. Comparison of genomic DNA clones from ij‐ref, ij‐mum1 and Ij indicated that the ij‐ref allele contained 1.5 kb of additional DNA related to a transposable element, Ds. Germinal and somatic revertant alleles were derived by excision of this 1.5 kb element from ij‐ref. The structure of the Ij gene and the DNA sequence of its transcribed region were determined. The Ij gene encodes a 24.8 kDa protein that showed no significant sequence similarity with proteins listed in databases.
Who Am I Without You? The Influence of Romantic Breakup on the Self-Concept

Romantic relationships alter the selves of the individuals within them. Partners develop shared friends and activities and even overlapping self-concepts. This intertwining of selves may leave individuals’ self-concepts vulnerable to change if the relationship ends. The current research examines several different types of self-concept change that could occur after a breakup and their relation to emotional distress. Across three studies, using varied methodologies, the authors examined change in both the content (Study 1a and 1b) and the structure of the self-concept, specifically, reduced self-concept clarity (Studies 1 through 3). As predicted, individuals experienced self-concept content change and reduced self-concept clarity post-breakup. Additionally, reduced clarity uniquely predicted post-breakup emotional distress.
Change impact analysis for a class hierarchy

Modified programs are required to be retested to determine whether changes have been made correctly and to investigate whether those cause any adverse effect on the program behavior. Then, the key issue is the extent of the retesting tasks. To save time and efforts, retesting should be done on only the parts that might be affected by changes. Change impact analysis is the activity which identifies the parts to be retested. Object-oriented paradigm is based on several concepts such as encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism, and dynamic binding. Although these features contribute to the reusability and extensibility of systems, they produce complex dependencies between classes and attributes, which make it difficult to identify the affected components by changes. We propose an approach for analyzing change impact in a class hierarchy. Our approach is based on the class firewall method, but aims to reduce the retesting effort significantly by taking a member function as a test unit. We deal with the impacts of changes associated with various object-oriented features as well as types of changes which can occur at the level of a data member a member function, a class, and an inheritance relation.
A Model of Intertemporal Asset Prices Under Asymmetric Information

This paper presents a dynamic asset-pricing model under asymmetric information. Investors have different information concerning the future growth rate of dividends. They rationally extract information from prices as well as dividends and maximize their expected utility. The model has a closed-form solution to the rational expectations equilibrium. We find that existence of uninformed investors increases the risk premium. Supply shocks can affect the risk premium only under asymmetric information. Information asymmetry among investors can increase price volatility and negative autocorrelation in returns. Less-informed investors may rationally behave like price chasers.
Impact of Life Skills on Leadership Development

Life skills are basically the psychosocial skills which include personal, social, interpersonal, cognitive and affective components on an individual. For a better life one needs to have better decision making and problem solving skills. If any head or leader posses these characteristics then his/her tasks of making his/her leadership effective also becomes easy. Present study aims to see the impact of life skills sessions on problem solving and decision making attitude of school level leaders. For this purpose, 150 students were selected from 10 different schools. The age group ranged between 16-18 years. It is a pre and post test study. After taking the pre-test of the students (head/leaders) on the basis life-skills questionnaire by NCERT, the students were provided with 10 life-skills sessions (5 on problem solving and 5 on decision making, one session per day). After the sessions, the same questionnaire was administered on the students. On the basis of students’ response, t-test was applied and results have showed a significant enhancement in the skills of decision making and problem solving in the leaders. Int. J. Soc. Sci. Manage. Vol-2, issue-3: 273-274 DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.3126/ijssm.v2i3. 12650
Cross-Cultural Case Discussions in International Business

Abstract This paper focuses on the case discussion leadership of expatriate lecturers in two sections of an English-medium international business course in Hong Kong. As well as reviewing the videotapes, transcripts, and field notes of the discussions, interviews were held with the case leaders and a sampling of students to better understand the cross-cultural learning situation. Using a typology of questions adapted from Christensen (1991) and Long and Sato (1983), the lecturers' questions and student responses in the “Panda Furniture” and “Swatch” case discussions were coded and analyzed. The findings suggest certain strategies that case leaders can use to encourage active student participation (the “nails to stick up”) in second language discussions involving a large number of Asian students.
Embodied Medicine: Mens Sana in Corpore Virtuale Sano

Progress in medical science and technology drastically improved physicians’ ability to interact with patient’s physical body. Nevertheless, medicine still addresses the human body from a Hippocratic point of view, considering the organism and its processes just as a matter of mechanics and fluids. However, the interaction between the cognitive neuroscience of bodily self-consciousness (BSC), fundamentally rooted in the integration of multisensory bodily inputs, with virtual reality (VR), haptic technologies and robotics is giving a new meaning to the classic Juvenal’s latin dictum “Mens sana in corpore sano” (a healthy mind in a healthy body). This vision provides the basis for a new research field, “Embodied Medicine”: the use of advanced technologies for altering the experience of being in a body with the goal of improving health and well-being. Up to now, most of the research efforts in the field have been focused upon how external bodily information is processed and integrated. Despite the important results, we believe that existing bodily illusions still need to be improved to enhance their capability to effectively correct pathological dysfunctions. First, they do not follow the suggestions provided by the free-energy and predictive coding approaches. More, they lacked to consider a peculiar feature of the human body, the multisensory integration of internal inputs (interoceptive, proprioceptive and vestibular) that constitute our inner body dimension. So, a future challenge is the integration of simulation/stimulation technologies also able to measure and modulate this internal/inner experience of the body. Finally, we also proposed the concept of “Sonoception” as an extension of this approach. The core idea is to exploit recent technological advances in the acoustic field to use sound and vibrations to modify the internal/inner body experience.
Development, clinical utility, and place of ivacaftor in the treatment of cystic fibrosis

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-limiting, multisystem disease characterized by thick viscous secretions leading to recurrent lung infections, bronchiectasis, and progressive deterioration in lung function. CF is caused by loss or dysfunction of the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein which is responsible for transepithelial chloride and water transport. Improved understanding of CFTR protein dysfunction has allowed the development of mutation-specific small-molecule compounds which directly target the underlying CFTR defect. Ivacaftor is the first licensed small-molecule compound for CF patients which targets the CFTR gating mutation Gly551Asp (previously termed G551D) and has the potential to be truly disease-modifying. Ivacaftor is an oral medication given twice daily and has shown benefit in terms of an increase in lung function, decreased sweat chloride, weight gain, improvement in patient-reported quality of life, and reduction in number of respiratory exacerbations in clinical trials. Although ivacaftor is currently only licensed for use in approximately 5% of the CF population (those who have at least one Gly551Asp mutation), the developmental pathway established by ivacaftor paves the way for other CFTR modulators that may benefit many more patients. In particular, a CFTR modulator for those with the Phe508del deletion (previously ∆F508) would allow 90% of the CF population to benefit from disease-modifying treatment.
Resolution-Adaptive Hybrid MIMO Architectures for Millimeter Wave Communications

In this paper, we propose a hybrid analog–digital beamforming architecture with resolution-adaptive ADCs for millimeter wave (mmWave) receivers with large antenna arrays. We adopt array response vectors for the analog combiners and derive ADC bit-allocation (BA) solutions in closed form. The BA solutions reveal that the optimal number of ADC bits is logarithmically proportional to the RF chain's signal-to-noise ratio raised to the $1/3$ power. Using the solutions, two proposed BA algorithms minimize the mean square quantization error of received analog signals under a total ADC power constraint. Contributions of this paper include 1) ADC bit-allocation algorithms to improve communication performance of a hybrid MIMO receiver, 2) approximation of the capacity with the BA algorithm as a function of channels, and 3) a worst-case analysis of the ergodic rate of the proposed MIMO receiver that quantifies system tradeoffs and serves as the lower bound. Simulation results demonstrate that the BA algorithms outperform a fixed-ADC approach in both spectral and energy efficiency, and validate the capacity and ergodic rate formula. For a power constraint equivalent to that of fixed 4-bit ADCs, the revised BA algorithm makes the quantization error negligible while achieving 22% better energy efficiency. Having negligible quantization error allows existing state-of-the-art digital beamformers to be readily applied to the proposed system.
Right-Wing Authoritarianism , Social Dominance Orientation , and Prejudice

Right-wing authoritarianism and social dominance orientation have been proposed as 2 major individualdifference variables underlying prejudice. This study examined the relationships of these variables to 3 forms of prejudice—affective responses, stereotyping, and attitudes toward equality enhancement— directed at 2 social groups—African Americans and homosexuals. Canonical correlation analyses showed that social dominance orientation was related to most forms of prejudice directed toward both groups and that right-wing authoritarianism was related to affective responses to and stereotyping of homosexuals. In addition, it was found that, as predicted by the social dominance model, stereotyping mediated the relationships between social dominance orientation and other forms of prejudice and that social dominance orientation mediated gender differences in expressions of prejudice.
Seeing like private security: Evolving mentalities of public space protection in South Africa

This article will illustrate, by means of three empirical research examples conducted in South Africa, that private security operating in public spaces simultaneously retains ‘traditional’ private security mentalities of loss prevention as well as ‘traditional’ state policing mentalities of crime control and coercion. This adoption of either state or corporate mentalities and technologies is fluid, interchangeable and by no means mutually exclusive, befitting the nature of daily security activities as well as the expectations generated from policing that space. In this way, private security is evolving in its application of diverse policing mentalities in its management and interpretation of public ‘space’; in its ability to wield power both symbolically and actually and; in its tendency to adopt a variety of crime control and social ordering techniques.
Burnout among hospital nurses in China.

AIM The aim of this study was to examine the level of burnout and factors that contribute to burnout in hospital nurses in the People's Republic of China. BACKGROUND While burnout among hospital nurses has been widely researched in western countries, little research has investigated burnout among hospital nurses in China. METHOD A translated version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Services Survey was used to measure burnout in 249 randomly selected nurses from various wards of a large teaching hospital in Beijing, China. Questionnaire packs were sent to the hospital wards where selected nurses worked. One hundred and twenty-eight nurses returned the completed questionnaire. The response rate was 51%. RESULTS The results showed moderate levels of Emotional Exhaustion and Personal Accomplishment, and low levels of Depersonalization. Age, years of experience and professional title had a significant positive relationship with Emotional Exhaustion and Personal Accomplishment. Older, married nurses with more personal responsibilities and in a more senior position experienced higher levels of Emotional Exhaustion. CONCLUSION The findings suggest that burnout is a significant issue for nurses in China. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT The results of this study indicate that working environment factors such as relationships with coworkers and managers may contribute to or mitigate burnout. There is a need to address personal and professional support, life-work balance, personal accomplishment and educational programmes to reduce burnout in nurses working in China.