Enamel demineralization with resin modified gic and conventional composite resin - a comparative in vivo study

Background & Objectives: Fluoride releasing bonding agents can help the orthodontist to minimize enamel demineralization independent of patient cooperation. This in vivo study was conducted to evaluate the effi cacy of resin modifi ed glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) on reducing enamel demineralization around orthodontic brackets and confi rm the superior caries-preventive effect of RMGIC by assessing the mutans streptococci (S. mutans) in plaque samples in vitro. Methods: 60 subjects (aged 14-20 years) scheduled to have premolar extractions as part of the orthodontic treatment plan were selected and randomly divided into 2 groups of 30 each (group 1: the brackets were bonded on the teeth using light cure composite resin and group 2: the brackets were bonded using RMGIC). Plaque scores (modifi cation of plaque index by Silness and Loe) were recorded and plaque samples were collected before bonding, one week and one month after bonding. S.mutans colonies were recorded from the plaque samples inoculated on MSB agar plates, incubated under 95% N2 and 5% CO2 for 48 hours at 370C in a CO2 jar. After 1 month, the right maxillary and mandibular fi rst premolars were debonded, extracted and depth of enamel demineralization area was estimated using polarized light microscope. Results: After statistical analysis, a signifi cantly higher mean depth of demineralized lesions was noticed in group 1 as compared to group 2. A signifi cant difference between occlusal and gingival depth was seen only in group 2, thus illustrating a wedge effect. In group 1, a statistically signifi cant increase in the mean colony forming units (CFU) of S.mutans has been noticed at different time intervals whereas in group2, a signifi cant increase was observed only at 1month. Unlike at 1 month, a statistically signifi cant difference in mean CFU between group 1 and group 2 has been observed at 1 week (P<0.05). Conclusion: Enamel lesions adjacent to the bracket base on teeth bonded with the RMGIC were smaller than those on teeth bonded with a composite resin. The high “burst effect” of fl uoride release for the fi rst few days of RMGIC after bonding is confi rmed by statistically signifi cant reduction in CFU counts of S. mutans in plaque. Research Article Enamel demineralization with resin modifi ed gic and conventional composite resin a comparative in vivo study Gautam G1*, Shashikala Kumari V2, Garima Garg3 and Vikram Shetty4 1MDS, Reader, Department of Orthodontics, YMT Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India 2MDS, former Professor and Head, Department of Orthodontics, GDC&RI, Bangalore, India 3MDS, former Lecturer, Department of Periodontics, YMT Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India 4MDS, Reader, Department of Orthodontics, YMT Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai, India *Address for Correspondence: Gautam G, Reader, Department of Orthodontics, YMT Dental College and Hospital, Navi Mumbai 410210, India, Tel: +91-9930768280; Email: gautamg_81@yahoo.com Submitted: 20 June 2017 Approved: 28 July 2017 Published: 31 July 2017 Copyright: 2017 Gautam G, et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.