Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Twitter for teaching: Can social media be used to enhance the process of learning?

Can social media be used to enhance the process of learning by students in higher education? Social media have become widely adopted by students in their personal lives. However, the application of social media to teaching and learning remains to be fully explored. In this study, the use of the social media tool Twitter for teaching was considered. Undergraduate students in Business and Management (n=252) were encouraged to use Twitter for communicating with their tutor and each other during a 12-week course. Their involvement was evaluated using a survey considering amount of Twitter usage and students' attitudes and experiences. The data were analysed using factor analyses, which revealed a single usage construct and three attitudinal factors. Three findings emerged. Firstly, a positive correlation was found between amount of Twitter usage and student engagement in university-associated activities including organising their social lives and sharing information. Secondly, course-related tweeting was not related to interpersonal relationships between students and their tutor. Thirdly, Twitter usage did not impact class attendance. The results are salient for educational practitioners wishing to introduce social media into their teaching. © 2013 British Educational Research Association.
Children's conversations with their friends about living with a parent experiencing mental distress : an IPA study

1 Background and Aims . 1 Methodology . 1 Analysis and Findings . 1 Chapter 1: Introduction . 2 1.1 Overview . 2 1.2 Language Use . 2 1.3 Position of the Researcher . 4 1.3.1 Personal significance. 4 1.3.2 Epistemological position. 5 1.4 The Context of Research and Policy . 6 1.5 Prevalence, Risk and Resilience . 7 1.5. 1. Prevalence. 7 1.5. 2 Risk. 7 1.5. 3 Resilience. 9 1.6 Theories of child development . 9 1.7 Stigma & Blame . 11 1.8 The Developing Importance of Peer Relationships. 11 1.9 Being a Parent and Experiencing Mental Distress . 13 1.10 Exploring CYP’s Accounts of living with a PEMD . 13 1.11 Seeking Support and Interventions . 15 1.12 Conclusion . 16 Chapter 2: Systematic Literature Review . 18 2.1 Overview . 18 2.2 Systematic Search . 18 2.3 Evaluating the research . 22 2.4 Summary of reviewed literature . 25 2.4. 1 Putting the puzzle together and knowing how to talk about it. 26 2.4. 2 Keeping their parent’s mental distress private. 27 2.4. 3 Finding someone to trust. 29 2.4. 4 Escaping home life. 29 2.5 Summary of review . 30 2.6 Aims of the Research and Research Questions. 30 Chapter 3: Methodology . 32 3.1 Overview . 32 3.2 Methodology . 32 3.2.1 Qualitative research. 32 3.2.2 My Epistemological Position. 33 3.2.3 Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). 33 3.2.4 The rationale for choosing IPA. 34 3.2.5 Evaluating Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. 35 3.3 Reflexivity . 36 3.4 Design . 37 3.4. 1 Involving CYP in research. 37 3.4. 2 Service User Consultation. 38 3.5 Ethical Considerations . 39 3.5. 1 Process of Ethical Approval. 39 3.5. 2 Informed consent. 39 3.5. 3 Confidentiality. 40 3.5. 4 Protection from harm. 40 3.6 Participants . 41 3.6. 1 Recruitment Site. 41 3.6. 2 Sampling Strategy. 42 3.6. 3 Inclusion and exclusion criteria. 42 3.6. 4 Personal reflections on recruitment challenges. 43 3.6. 5 The Sample. 43 3.6. 6 Contextualising the sample. 44 3.7 Interviews . 45 3.8 Data Analysis . 46 3.8. 1 Individual case analysis. 46 3.8. 2 Identifying patterns between cases. 47 3.9 Assessing the Quality of Qualitative Research. 47 3.9. 1 Sensitivity to context. 47 3.9. 2 Commitment and rigour. 48 3.9. 3 Coherence and transparency.
The Mass of the Coma Cluster from Weak Lensing in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey

We present a weak-lensing analysis of the Coma Cluster using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 5. Complete imaging of an ~200 deg2 region is used to measure the tangential shear of this cluster. The shear is fit to a Navarro, Frenk, & White model, and we find a virial radius of r200 = 1.99−0.22+ 0.21 h−1 Mpc, which corresponds to a virial mass of M200 = 1.88−0.56+0.65 × 1015 h−1 M☉. We additionally compare our weak-lensing measurement to the virial mass derived using dynamical techniques and find that they are in agreement. This is the lowest redshift, largest angle weak-lensing measurement of an individual cluster to date.
Software clustering based on dynamic dependencies

The reverse engineering literature contains many software clustering approaches that attempt to cluster large software systems based on the static dependencies between software artifacts. However, the usefulness of clustering based on dynamic dependencies has not been investigated. It is possible that dynamic clusterings can provide a fresh outlook on the structure of a large software system. In this paper, we present an approach for the evaluation of dynamic clusterings. We apply this approach to a large open source software system, and present experimental results that suggest that dynamic clusterings have considerable merit.
Receptivity to surface roughness near a swept leading edge

The formation of stationary crossflow vortices in a three-dimensional boundary layer due to surface roughness located near the leading edge of a swept wing is investigated using numerical solutions of the compressible Navier–Stokes equations. The numerical solutions are used to evaluate the accuracy of theoretical receptivity predictions which are based on the parallel-flow approximation. By reformulating the receptivity theory to include the effect of surface curvature, it is shown that convex surface curvature enhances receptivity. Comparisons of the parallel-flow predictions with Navier–Stokes solutions demonstrate that non-parallel effects strongly reduce the initial amplitude of stationary crossflow vortices. The curvature and non-parallel effects tend to counteract one another; but, for the cases considered here, the non-parallel effect dominates leading to significant over-prediction of receptivity by parallel-flow receptivity theory. We conclude from these results that receptivity theories must account for non-parallel effects in order to accurately predict the amplitude of stationary crossflow instability waves near the leading edge of a swept wing. 1. Introduction Laminar-flow wings show promise for reducing viscous drag forces in cruise for commercial aircraft. However, the success of a laminar-flow wing depends critically on the external disturbance environment and how these disturbances influence the transition from laminar to turbulent flow. The process by which external disturbances are converted into instability waves, which are the precursors to turbulence, is called receptivity (Morkovin 1969). In wing design, current transition prediction techniques rely on the e
Relationship Between Energy Drink Consumption and Daily Hassles Among College Students

ABSTRACT Background: College students report high levels of stress, which may be exacerbated by the psychoactive ingredients in energy drinks. Little is understood about the relationship between daily hassles and energy drink consumption. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the associations between energy drink consumption patterns and daily hassles among college students. Methods: College students (n = 449) completed an online survey evaluating energy drink consumption and daily hassles using the Revised University Student Hassles Scale (RUSHS). Results: The most common reasons reported for consuming energy drinks were lack of energy (90.3%), lack of sleep (87.0%), and feeling tired (85.4%). No significant differences in daily hassles were found between energy drink consumers and nonconsumers. Energy drink consumption and daily hassles subscores varied based on demographic characteristics. Discussion: Results of this study did not support a relationship between energy drink consumption and perceived daily hassles. Further research is needed to understand the potential association between energy drink consumption and other determinants of mental health. Translation to Health Education Practice: Health Education interventions should rectify misperceptions that energy drinks are effective when students miss sleep, need energy, and need to study for exams.
On Testing Irreflexivity of Reduction Orderings for Combined Substitutions in Intuitionistic Matrix Proofs

In this paper we present a syntactical criterion for checking irreflexivity of the reduction ordering imposed by so-called combined substitutions which are part of the Matrix characterisation for first-order intuitionistic logic as presented by L. Wallen. The solution presented here is the concept of variable domains that can be considered as an extension of the well-known occurs-check technique.
Risk factors for pediatric ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection and predictors of infectious pathogens.

Identification of risk factors for shunt infection and predictors of infectious pathogens may improve current methods to prevent and treat shunt infections. We reviewed data on 820 consecutive ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunt placement procedures in 442 pediatric patients at our institution during 1992-1998. Ninety-two shunts (11%) developed infection a median of 19 days (interquartile range, 11-35 days) after insertion. Premature birth (relative risk [RR], 4.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.19-10.87), previous shunt infection (RR, 3.83; 95% CI, 2.40-6.13), and intraoperative use of the neuroendoscope (RR, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.01-2.50) were independent risk factors for shunt infection. The bacterial organisms early after shunt surgery (<14 days) were the same as those late after shunt surgery (>14 days). As determined by an analysis of the 92 infected shunts, hospital stay of >3 days at the time of shunt insertion (odds ratio [OR], 5.27; 95% CI, 1.15-25.3) and prior Staphylococcus aureus shunt infection (OR, 5.91; 95% CI, 1.35-25.9) independently increased the odds that S. aureus was the causal pathogen.
Structural Basis for the β-Adrenergic Receptor Subtype Selectivity of the Representative Agonists and Antagonists

The β(3)-adrenegic receptor (β(3)-AR) selectivity over β(1)- and β(2)-ARs has been the most important aspect for successful therapeutic agents for obesity and type-II diabetes, as the concomitant activation of β(1)- and β(2)-ARs would lead to undesirable side effects, such as increased heart rate. In order to explore the structural basis for the β-AR subtype selectivity of agonists and anatagonists, a three-dimensional structure of until date unresolved β(3)-AR has been modeled, compared with the resolved X-ray structures of β(1)- and β(2)-ARs, and used to study its stereoselective binding with until-date known diverse classes of representative agonists and antagonist. The obtained binding structures and calculated prime molecular mechanics-generalized Born surface area (MM-GBSA) binding free energies consistently reveal that while the subtype selectivity is strongly governed by the residues present in the extracellular ends of TM3, TM5, TM6, TM7 helices and of the ECL2 domain, the binding affinity is governed by the conserved residues present in the deep pocket limiting the degree of conformational and rotational freedoms to the bound ligand. The study demonstrates that the key structural requirements for the β(3)-selectivity are: (i) a negatively ionizable group (NIG) for direct interaction with β(3)-specific residue R315(6.58), (ii) a linker (9-10 Å length) between the protonated amine and NIG, and (iii) a substituted aryl ring directly attached to the β-hydroxyl carbon. The new computational insights acquired in this study are expected to be valuable in structure-based rational design of high-affinity agonists and antagonists with pronounced β(3)-selectivity for successful therapeutic agents for type-II diabetes and obesity.
The identification-similarity relationship as a function of ingroup status: A social identity perspective

ABSTRACT This research examined the role of ingroup status in the relationship between ingroup identification and self-ingroup similarity. Studies 1a-1b showed that this relationship was stronger in low-status groups than in high-status groups, suggesting that high identifiers from the low-status group seek collective support by assimilating to the ingroup, whereas low identifiers get rid of the unsatisfactory group membership by distancing themselves from the ingroup. Two further studies showed that the identification-similarity relationship vanished when the low-status group members were given the opportunity to rely on a social creativity strategy (group affirmation in Study 2, alternative dimension of intergroup comparison in Study 3). Finally, Study 4 showed that the identification-similarity relationship was weaker in the high-status group than in both low-status and status-unspecified groups, providing stronger support for an identity motive explanation than for an identity threat explanation.
alue elicitation in retail and laboratory environments

An increasing number of studies have begun conducting economic experiments in field, rather than laboratory settings. We directly compare results from laboratory and field valuation experiments. After controlling for unengaged bidders, results indicate field valuations were greater than laboratory valuations. Results are discussed in the context of recent literature on commitment costs.  2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Numerical investigation of lens models with substructures using the perturbative method

We present a statistical study of the effects induced by substructures on the deflection potential of dark matter haloes in the strong lensing regime. This investigation is based on the pertubative solution around the Einstein radius in which all the information on the deflection potential is specified by only a pair of 1D functions on this ring. Using direct comparison with ray-tracing solutions, we found that the iso-contours of lensed images predicted by the pertubative solution is reproduced with a mean error on their radial extension of less than 1 per cent – in units of the Einstein radius, for reasonable substructure masses. It demonstrates the efficiency of the approximation to track possible signatures of substructures. We have evaluated these two fields and studied their properties for different lens configurations modelled either through massive dark matter haloes from a cosmological N-body simulation or via toy models of Monte Carlo distribution of substructures embedded in a triaxial Hernquist potential. As expected, the angular power spectra of these two fields tend to have larger values for larger harmonic numbers when substructures are accounted for and they can be approximated by power laws, whose values are fitted as a function of the profile and the distribution of the substructures.
“I Believe in Cusk”: The Effect of Explicit Belief Statements on Children’s Reality Status Judgments and Beliefs about Consensus

ABSTRACT Children learn about the world through others’ testimony, and much of this knowledge likely comes from parents. Furthermore, parents may sometimes want children to share their beliefs about topics on which there is no universal consensus. In discussing such topics, parents may use explicit belief statements (e.g., “Evolution is real”) or implicit belief statements (e.g., “Evolution happened over millions of years”). But little research has investigated how such statements affect children’s beliefs. In the current study, 4- to 7-year-olds (N = 102) were shown videos of their parent providing either Explicit (“Cusk is real”) or Implicit (“I know about cusk”) belief testimony about novel entities. Then, children heard another speaker provide either Denial (“Cusk isn’t real”) or Neutral (“I’ve heard of cusk”) testimony. Children made reality status judgments and consensus judgments (i.e., whether people agree about the entity’s existence). Results showed that explicit and implicit belief statements differentially influenced children’s beliefs about societal consensus when followed by a denial: explicit belief statements prevented children from drawing the conclusion that there is societal consensus that the entity does not exist. This effect was not related to age, indicating that children as young as 4 use these cues to inform consensus judgments. On the reality status task, there was an interaction with age, showing that only 4-year-olds were more likely to believe in an entity after hearing explicit belief statements. These findings suggest that explicit belief statements may serve as important sources of both children’s beliefs about novel entities and societal consensus.
Real-time pencil rendering

This paper presents a real-time technique for rendering 3D meshes in the pencil drawing style. We analyze the characteristics of pencil drawing and incorporate them into the rendering process, which is fully implemented on a GPU. For object contours, we propose a multiple contour drawing technique that imitates trial-and-errors of human in contour drawing. For interior shading, we present a simple approach for mapping oriented textures onto an object surface. To improve the quality of pencil rendering, we generate and map pencil textures that reflect the properties of graphite pencils and paper. We show several rendering examples that demonstrate the high performance of the proposed technique in terms of speed and quality.
Genome‐wide quantitative trait loci reveal the genetic basis of cotton fibre quality and yield‐related traits in a Gossypium hirsutum recombinant inbred line population

Summary Cotton is widely cultivated globally because it provides natural fibre for the textile industry and human use. To identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs)/genes associated with fibre quality and yield, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population was developed in upland cotton. A consensus map covering the whole genome was constructed with three types of markers (8295 markers, 5197.17 centimorgans (cM)). Six fibre yield and quality traits were evaluated in 17 environments, and 983 QTLs were identified, 198 of which were stable and mainly distributed on chromosomes 4, 6, 7, 13, 21 and 25. Thirty‐seven QTL clusters were identified, in which 92.8% of paired traits with significant medium or high positive correlations had the same QTL additive effect directions, and all of the paired traits with significant medium or high negative correlations had opposite additive effect directions. In total, 1297 genes were discovered in the QTL clusters, 414 of which were expressed in two RNA‐Seq data sets. Many genes were discovered, 23 of which were promising candidates. Six important QTL clusters that included both fibre quality and yield traits were identified with opposite additive effect directions, and those on chromosome 13 (qClu‐chr13‐2) could increase fibre quality but reduce yield; this result was validated in a natural population using three markers. These data could provide information about the genetic basis of cotton fibre quality and yield and help cotton breeders to improve fibre quality and yield simultaneously.
Postsynaptic Targets of Purkinje Cell Terminals in the Cerebellar and Vestibular Nuclei of the Rat

The cerebellar and vestibular nuclei consist of a heterogeneous group of inhibitory and excitatory neurons. A major proportion of the inhibitory neurons provides a GABAergic feedback to the inferior olive, while the excitatory neurons exert more direct effects on motor control via non‐olivary structures. At present it is not clear whether Purkinje cells innervate all types of neurons in the cerebellar and vestibular nuclei or whether an individual Purkinje cell axon can innervate different types of neurons. In the present study, we studied the postsynaptic targets of Purkinje cell axons in the rat using a combination of pre‐embedding immunolabelling of the Purkinje cell terminals by L7, a Purkinje cell‐specific marker, and postembedding GABA and glycine immunocytochemistry. In the cerebellar nuclei, vestibular nuclei and nucleus prepositus hypoglossi Purkinje cell terminals were found apposed to GABAergic and glycinergic neurons as well as to larger non‐GABAergic, non‐glycinergic neurons. In the cerebellar and vestibular nuclei individual Purkinje cell terminals innervated both the inhibitory and excitatory neurons. Both types of neurons were contacted not only by GABAergic Purkinje cell terminals but also by GABA‐containing terminals that were not labelled for L7 and by non‐GABAergic, non‐glycinergic terminals that formed excitatory synapses. Glycine‐containing terminals were relatively scarce (<2% of the GABA‐containing terminals) and frequently contacted the larger non‐GABAergic, non‐glycinergic neurons. To summarize, Purkinje cell axons evoke their effects through different types of neurons present in the cerebellar and vestibular nuclear complex. The observation that individual Purkinje cells can innervate both excitatory and inhibitory neurons suggests that the excitatory cerebellar output system and the inhibitory feedback to the inferior olive are controlled simultaneously.
Distance Semantics for Relevance-Sensitive Belief Revision

Possible-world semantics are provided for Parikh's relevance-sensitive model for belief revision. Having Grove's system-of-spheres construction as a base, we consider additional constraints on measuring distance between possible worlds, and we prove that, in the presence of the AGM postulates, these constraints characterize precisely Parikh's axiom (P). These additional constraints essentially generalize a criterion of similarity that predates axiom (P) and was originally introduced in the context of Reasoning about Action. A by-product of our study is the identification of two possible readings of Parikh's axiom (P), which we call the strong and the weak versions of the axiom. An interesting feature of the strong version is that, unlike classical AGM belief revision, it makes associations between the revision policies of different theories.
The Interplay of Power and Trust in Platform Ecosystems of the Enterprise Application Software Industry

In recent years, the formerly oligopolistic Enterprise Application Software (EAS) industry began to disintegrate into focal inter-firm networks with one huge, powerful, and multi-national plat-form vendor as the center, surrounded by hundreds or even thousands of small, niche players that act as complementors. From a theoretical point of view, these platform ecosystems may be governed by two organizing principles - trust and power. However, it is neither from a practical nor from a theoretical perspective clear, how trust and power relate to each other, i.e. whether they act as complements or substitutes. This study tries to elaborate our understanding of the relationship of trust and power by exploring their interplay using multi-dimensional conceptual-izations of trust and power, and by investigating potential dynamics in this interplay over the course of a partnership. Based on an exploratory multiple-case study of seven dyadic partner-ships between four platform vendors, and seven complementors, we find six different patterns of how trust and power interact over time. These patterns bear important implications for the suc-cessful management of partnerships between platform vendors and complementors, and clarify the theoretical debate surrounding the relationship of trust and power.