Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Children of Immigrants: The Adjustment of Ugandan Asian Primary-School Children in Canada *

The study examines the psychological and academic adjustment to Canada of 51 Ugandan Asian primary school-aged children and their families. Twenty-six percent of all the children showed significant psychopathology and about 50 percent had difficulties in certain academic subjects. The psychopathology of the children was significantly correlated with the family's drop in income and professional prestige. The children's parents predominantly worked in unskilled jobs and all family members had made only very few personal contacts with white Canadians. Nevertheless a significant number of families were under great stress as female members rebelled against their traditional roles. These findings are discussed in relation to other studies dealing with recent immigrants.
Genetic diversity among Indian Gir, Deoni and Kankrej cattle breeds based on microsatellite markers

D S Kale*, D N Rank, C G Joshi 1 , B R Yadav 2 , P G Koringa, K M Thakkar, T C Tolenkhomba 2 and J V Solanki Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding and Department of Animal Biotechnology College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Anand Agricultural University, Anand 388 001, India Livestock Genome Analysis Laboratory, Dairy Cattle Breeding Division National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal 132 001, India
Phase II study of dose-adjusted EPOCH and rituximab in untreated diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with analysis of germinal center and post-germinal center biomarkers.

PURPOSE To assess the clinical outcome and the influence of biomarkers associated with apoptosis inhibition (Bcl-2), tumor proliferation (MIB-1), and cellular differentiation on the outcome with dose-adjusted (DA) EPOCH (etoposide, prednisone, vincristine, cyclophosphamide, and doxorubicin) plus rituximab (R) infusional therapy in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with analysis of germinal center B-cell (GCB) and post-GCB subtypes by immunohistochemistry. PATIENTS AND METHODS Phase II study of 72 patients with untreated de novo DLBCL who were at least 18 years of age and stage II or higher. Radiation consolidation was not permitted. RESULTS Patients had a median age of 50 years (range, 19 to 85) and 40% had a high-intermediate or high International Prognostic Index (IPI). At 5 years, progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were 79% and 80%, respectively, with a median potential follow-up of 54 months. PFS was 91%, 90%, 67%, and 47%, and OS was 100%, 90%, 74%, and 37%, for 0 to 1, 2, 3, and 4 to 5 IPI factors, respectively, at 5 years. The Bcl-2 and MIB-1 biomarkers were not associated with PFS or OS. Based on DA-EPOCH historical controls, rituximab only benefited Bcl-2 positive tumors. Bcl-6 expression was associated with higher PFS whereas GCB exhibited a marginally significant higher PFS compared with post-GCB DLBCL. CONCLUSION DA-EPOCH-R outcome was not affected by tumor proliferation and rituximab appeared to overcome the adverse effect of Bcl-2. Bcl-6 may identify a biologic program associated with a superior outcome. Overall, DA-EPOCH-R shows promising outcome in low and intermediate IPI groups. A molecular model of treatment outcome with rituximab and chemotherapy is presented.
Use and Effects of Advanced Traveller Information Services (ATIS): A Review of the Literature

Abstract Rapid technological developments in the field of personal communication services probe visions of a next generation in Advanced Traveller Information Services (ATIS). These technological developments provoke a renewed interest in the use and effect of such next‐generation ATIS among academia as well as practitioners. To understand better the potential use and effects of such next‐generation ATIS, a thorough review is warranted of contemporary conceptual ideas and empirical findings on the use of travel information (services) and their effects on travellers’ choices. This paper presents such a review and integrates behavioural determinants such as the role of decision strategies with manifest determinants such as trip contexts and socio‐economic variables into a coherent framework of information acquisition and its effect on travellers’ perceptions.
Preventable Adverse Events in Surgical Care in Sweden

AbstractAdverse events (AEs) occur in health care and may result in harm to patients especially in the field of surgery. Our objective was to analyze AEs in surgical patient care from a nationwide perspective and to analyze the frequency of AEs that may be preventable.In total 19,141 randomly selected admissions in 63 Swedish hospitals were reviewed each month during 2013 using a 2-stage record review method based on the identification of predefined triggers. The subgroup of 3301 surgical admissions was analyzed. All AEs were categorized according to site, type, level of severity, and degree of preventability.We reviewed 3301 patients’ records and 507 (15.4%) were associated with AEs. A total of 62.5% of the AEs were considered probably preventable, over half contributed to prolonged hospital care or readmission, and 4.7% to permanent harm or death. Healthcare acquired infections composed of more than one third of AEs. The majority of the most serious AEs composed of healthcare acquired infections and surgical or other invasive AEs. The incidence of AEs was 13% in patients 18 to 64 years old and 17% in ≥65 years. Pressure sores and drug-related AEs were more common in patients being ≥65 years. Urinary retention and pressure sores showed the highest degree of preventability. Patients with probably preventable AEs had in median 7.1 days longer hospital stay.We conclude that AEs are common in surgical care and the majority are probably preventable.
Imaging frontostriatal function in ultra-high-risk, early, and chronic schizophrenia during executive processing.

CONTEXT Individuals experiencing prodromal symptoms of schizophrenia (ultra-high-risk group) demonstrate impaired performance on tasks of executive function, attention, and working memory. The neurobiological underpinnings of such executive deficits in ultra-high-risk individuals remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We assessed frontal and striatal functions during a visual oddball continuous performance task, in ultra-high-risk, early, and chronic schizophrenic patients with the use of functional magnetic resonance imaging. DESIGN Cross-sectional case-control design. SETTING Community; outpatient clinic. Patients Fifty-two individuals (control, n = 16; ultra-high risk, n = 10; early, n = 15; chronic, n = 11) from a referred clinical sample and age- and sex-matched control volunteers underwent scanning. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Percentage of active voxels and percentage signal change calculated for the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG), middle frontal gyrus (MFG), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), basal ganglia, and thalamus. Performance on the visual oddball task was measured with percentage of hits and d' (a measure based on the hit rate and the false-alarm rate). RESULTS The ultra-high-risk group showed significantly smaller differential activation between task-relevant and task-irrelevant stimuli in the frontal regions (ACG, IFG, MFG) than the control group. Frontostriatal activation associated with target stimuli in the early and chronic groups was significantly lower than the control group, while the ultra-high-risk group showed a trend toward the early group. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that prefrontal function begins to decline before the onset of syndromally defined illness and hence may represent a vulnerability marker in assessing the risk of developing psychotic disorders among ultra-high-risk individuals.
Macroscopic identification of early myocardial infarcts by alterations in dehydrogenase activity.

The identification of early myocardial infarcts at necropsy is a fre-quent source of difficulty, even for experienced prosectors. Unequivocal gross changes of infarction do not become apparent for some 24 to 48 hours following the occlusion of a major coronary artery in man 1,2 or for 7 to 24 hours in experimental animals.3-7 Furthermore, even though minimal microscopic evidence of infarction can be recognized as early as 6 hours in man"2 or 2 to 6 hours in experimental animals,4'5'8 in the absence of gross changes the involved area can be missed when random blocks are taken for histologic examination. and concurrently there is a demonstrable decrease in the activities Wach-stein that succinic dehydrogenase activity is lost from necrotic heart within 6 to 8 hours identification possible to correlate the gross findings with alterations in histologic structure in both the canine and human hearts. This was done by cut-ting tissue blocks (i by i.5 by 0.4 cm.) at a junctional site, fixing for 12 hours in neutral Io per cent formalin and then processing the blocks for the preparation of paraffin sections. Since the tetrazolium reduction occurred only on the surface, by the proper orientation of the blocks on the object holders of the microtome one could obtain preparations with the tetrazolium marker along one edge of the tissue section. The histologic treatments used for the preparation of tissue sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin did not remove the formazan of Nitro-BT.
Clinical and pathological features of BRCA1 associated carcinomas in a hospital-based sample of Dutch breast cancer patients

Thus far, studies investigating the differences in tumour characteristics between breast cancer in BRCA1-carriers and other patients, have focused on highly selected groups of patients, potentially limiting the conclusions that can be drawn. Previously, we had identified 10 patients with BRCA1 germline mutations in a hospital-based series of 642 breast cancer patients not selected for age or family history. The aim of this analysis is to investigate the clinical and pathological features of these BRCA1 associated carcinomas as compared to other breast cancers in this representative sample. Tumours from patients with BRCA1 germline mutations (n= 10) were compared to an age-matched sample of other patients (n= 50) from the same cohort. The following characteristics were considered: axillary nodal status and tumour size, histologic parameters (tumour type, histologic grade, mitotic rate, tubule formation, nuclear grade, CIS and lymphangio invasion) and expression of several proteins (oestrogen and progesterone receptors, cyclin D1, p53, HER2/neu, E-cadherin). In BRCA1associated tumours receptors for oestrogen and progesterone were expressed less frequently (respectively P= 0.001 and P= 0.002) than in controls, which is in line with findings from other studies. Other differences were also in accordance with findings from other studies, although not statistically significant. We conclude that the features of BRCA1 associated tumours detected in a hospital-based series of breast cancer patients not selected for family history of age at diagnosis are similar to tumours in cases selected for family history or age at diagnosis. © 2001 Cancer Research Campaign http://www.bjcancer. com
The Oldest and Youngest Records of Afrosoricid Placentals from the Fayum Depression of Northern Egypt

Tenrecs (Tenrecoidea) and golden moles (Chrysochloroidea) are among the most enigmatic mammals alive today. Molecular data strongly support their inclusion in the morphologically diverse clade Afrotheria, and suggest that the two lineages split near the K-T boundary, but the only undoubted fossil representatives of each superfamily are from early Miocene (∼20 Ma) deposits in East Africa. A recent analysis of partial mandibles and maxillae of Euchrysuchloris, Jawharia, and Widanelfarasia, from the latest Eocene and earliest Oligocene of Egypt, led to the suggestion that the derived “zalambdomorph” molar occlusal pattern (i.e., extreme reduction or loss of upper molar metacones and lower molar talonids) seen in tenrecoids and chrysochloroids evolved independently in the two lineages, and that tenrecoids might be derived from a dilambdomorph group of “insectivoran-grade” placentals that includes forms such as Widanelfarasia. Here I describe the oldest afrosoricid from the Fayum region, ∼37 Ma Dilambdogale gheerbranti gen. et sp. nov., and the youngest, ∼30 Ma Qatranilestes oligucaenus gen. et sp. nov. Dilambdugale is the most generalized of the Fayum afrosoricids, exhibiting relatively broad and well-developed molar talonids and a dilambdomorph arrangement of the buccal crests on the upper molars, whereas Qatranilestes is the most derived in showing relatively extreme reduction of molar talonids. These occurrences are consistent with a scenario in which features of the zalambdomorph occlusal complex were acquired independently and gradually through the later Paleogene. Phylogenetic analysis places Dilambdogale and Widanelfarasia as sister taxa to the exclusion of crown afrosoricids, but derived features that these taxa share with early Miocene Protenrec hint at the possibility that both taxa might be stem tenrecoids. Late Paleocene Todralestes and Afrodon from Morocco are similarly placed as stem afrosoricids, indicating that African adapisoriculids (including Garatherium) might also be relevant to the origin of the tenrecoid and chrysochloroid clades.
A cc ep t e d f o r pub li c a t i on

Due to the progressive increase in the incidence of endocrine pathology in the world, the issues of prevention and treatment of this group of diseases becom e topical. Diseases of the endocrine system are often accompanied by the development of comorbidities and complications, which negatively affects the quality of life and survival of patients. Currently, the features of the trace element status in patients with various diseases are actively studied. Numerous modern studies are devoted to the question of the influence of the balance of trace elements on the etiology and pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, obesity and some thyroid diseases, including autoimmune ones. The role of iodine, selenium, iron, zinc and copper in the development and progression of these diseases has been established, but the results of these studies are sometimes contradictory. This review presents the data obtained by national and foreign researchers on the role of trace elements in the development of endocrine pathology, gives a brief description of the most significant mineral substances, as well as the effect of their imbalance on the structure and function of the organs of the endocrine system. The need for further study of this issue is discussed, taking into account concomitant diseases, as well as the mutual influences of mineral substances on each other, which can lead to a change in the concentration of trace elements in the body.
Mortality risk among offspring of psychiatric inpatients: a population-based follow-up to early adulthood.

OBJECTIVE The purpose of this article was to estimate relative risks of all-cause mortality associated with parental psychiatric disorder based on offspring age (up to 25 years of age), parental diagnosis, maternal versus paternal disorder, and number of affected parents. METHOD The study group consisted of all Danish singleton live and stillbirths (N=1.46 million) during 1973-1998, identified using the Central Population Register and Medical Birth Register. Dates of death were recorded with follow-up to Jan. 1, 1999. Parental admission histories since 1969 were obtained from the Psychiatric Central Register. RESULTS Mortality risks were elevated from birth through early adulthood among offspring of people admitted with any type of psychopathology, although relative risks were attenuated during school attendance years. Effect sizes varied according to offspring ages, the highest being during infancy. The following high-risk subgroups were identified: postneonates with two mentally ill parents, neonates and postneonates whose mothers had alcohol and drug-related disorders, and neonates whose mothers had affective disorders. In general, from the postneonatal period onward, there was no indication that maternal psychopathology is associated with higher offspring mortality risk than paternal disorder. CONCLUSIONS The greatest number of excess deaths were attributable to alcohol-related disorders, this being the most prevalent paternal diagnostic category and the second most prevalent in mothers. Some findings were unexpected. For example, there was no evidence that mortality risk among offspring of parents with schizophrenia and related disorders was significantly greater than that associated with all other parental psychiatric conditions, whereas the relative risk for neonatal death associated with maternal affective disorders was markedly raised.
STAT3 inhibition suppresses proliferation of retinoblastoma through down-regulation of positive feedback loop of STAT3/miR-17-92 clusters

Retinoblastoma, the most common intraocular malignant tumor in children, is characterized by the loss of both functional alleles of RB1 gene, which however alone cannot maintain malignant characteristics of retinoblastoma cells. Nevertheless, the investigation of other molecular aberrations such as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and miRNAs is still lacking. In this study, we demonstrate that STAT3 is activated in retinoblastoma cells, Ki67-positive areas of in vivo orthotopic tumors in BALB/c nude mice, and human retinoblastoma tissues of the advanced stage. Furthermore, target genes of STAT3 including BCL2, BCL2L1, BIRC5, and MMP9 are up-regulated in retinoblastoma cells compared to other retinal constituent cells. Interestingly, STAT3 inhibition by targeted siRNA suppresses the proliferation of retinoblastoma cells and the formation of in vivo orthotopic tumors. In line with these results, STAT3 siRNA effectively induces down-regulation of target genes of STAT3. In addition, miRNA microarray analysis and further real-time PCR experiments with STAT3 siRNA treatment show that STAT3 activation is related to the up-regulation of miR-17-92 clusters in retinoblastoma cells via positive feedback loop between them. In conclusion, we suggest that STAT3 inhibition could be a potential therapeutic approach in retinoblastoma through the suppression of tumor proliferation.
When Socio-Economic Plans Exacerbate Vulnerability to Physical Coastal Processes on the South East Coast of India

ABSTRACT Muthusankar, G. ; Proisy, C. ; Balasubramanian, D. ; Bautès, N. ; Bhalla, R S. ; Mathevet, R. ; Ricout, A. ; Senthil Babu, D. , and Vasudevan, S. , 2018. When socio-economic plans exacerbate vulnerability to physical coastal processes on the south east coast of India. In: Shim, J.-S. ; Chun, I. , and Lim, H.S. (eds.), Proceedings from the International Coastal Symposium (ICS) 2018 (Busan, Republic of Korea). Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 85, pp. 1446–1450. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208. Industrial and urban development along the coast may exacerbate the changes induced by oceano-climatic processes to such an extent that the coast becomes uninhabitable. This paper presents a baseline study carried out on the 360 km-long Coromandel coast of Tamil Nadu's (TN) Bay of Bengal coast, Southeast India. About 30% of the 72 million inhabitants of the state of TN live in low-lying coastal areas within a variety of ecosystems such as sandy beaches and dunes, wetlands, mudflats and mangroves. Exponential demographic growth combines with dense urban agglomerations, ever-growing industrial and harbour areas, aquaculture and luxury tourism expansion increasing vulnerabilities to coastal erosion and extreme meteorological events. We report here how very high spatial resolution satellite (VHSRS) images, freely provided by Google Earth® engine or from the public database offered by GIS software, may be used to impartially and significantly survey coastal land cover (LC) transformations at fine scales over a number of years using preliminary visual interpretation. The study also gathered demographic data, historical records on strength and trajectories of the cyclones that have hit the TN coast since 1900, and decadal series of daily ERA-Interim/ECMWF waves and Mercator-Ocean oceanic currents. Our results demonstrate a tangle of environmental and human activities and situations subject to specific coastal hazards, particularly severe during the Northeast monsoon season. The potential risks for coastal ecosystems and local communities are finally discussed.
Disease-Inducible Transgene Expression from a Recombinant Adeno-Associated Virus Vector in a Rat Arthritis Model

ABSTRACT Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune disease affecting 1% of the world’s population, with significant morbidity and mortality. In this study, we investigated a recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vector for its potential application in RA gene therapy. rAAV encoding Escherichia coliβ-galactosidase was injected into rat joints which had already been induced into acute arthritis after local lipopolysaccharide (LPS) administration, and the efficiency of in vivo transduction was evaluated. We observed a striking correlation between vector transgene expression and disease severity in arthritic joints. The inflammatory reaction peaked at 3 to 7 days after LPS treatment, and, at the same time, 95% of the synoviocytes had high-level transgene expression. Gene expression diminished to the basal level (5%) when the inflammation subsided at 30 days after LPS treatment. More importantly, the diminished transgene expression could be efficiently reactivated by a repeated insult. The transgene expression in normal joints transduced with rAAV remained low for a long period of time (30 days) but could still be induced to high levels (95%) at 3 to 7 days after LPS treatment. This is the first demonstration of disease state-regulated transgene expression. These findings strongly support the feasibility of therapeutic as well as preventative gene transfer approaches for RA with rAAV vectors containing therapeutic genes, which are expected to respond primarily to the disease state of the target tissue.
Krüppel-Like Factor 9 Loss-of-Expression in Human Endometrial Carcinoma Links Altered Expression of Growth-Regulatory Genes with Aberrant Proliferative Response to Estrogen1

Endometrial cancer is the most commonly diagnosed female genital tract malignancy. Krüppel-like factor 9 (KLF9), a member of the evolutionarily conserved Sp family of transcription factors, is expressed in uterine stroma and glandular epithelium, where it affects cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Deregulated expression of a number of Sp proteins has been associated with multiple types of human tumors, but a role for KLF9 in endometrial cancer development and/or progression is unknown. Here, we evaluated KLF9 expression in endometrial tumors and adjacent uninvolved endometrium of women with endometrial carcinoma. KLF9 mRNA and protein levels were lower in endometrial tumors coincident with decreased expression of family member KLF4 and growth-regulators FBJ murine osteosarcoma viral oncogene homolog (FOS) and myelocytomatosis viral oncogene homolog (MYC) and with increased expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) and the chromatin-modifying enzymes DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). Expression of estrogen receptor alpha (ESR1) and the tumor-suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted in chromosome 10 (PTEN) did not differ between tumor and normal tissue. The functional relevance of attenuated KLF9 expression in endometrial carcinogenesis was further evaluated in the human endometrial carcinoma cell line Ishikawa by siRNA targeting. KLF9 depletion resulted in loss of normal cellular response to the proliferative effects of estrogen concomitant with reductions in KLF4 and MYC and with enhancement of TERT and ESR1 gene expression. Silencing of KLF4 did not mimic the effects of silencing KLF9 in Ishikawa cells. We suggest that KLF9 loss-of-expression accompanying endometrial carcinogenesis may predispose endometrial epithelial cells to mechanisms of escape from estrogen-mediated growth regulation, leading to progression of established neoplasms.