Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Changing Brain Metabolism Patterns in Patients With ANMDARE: Serial 18F-FDG PET/CT Findings

Purpose The aim of this study was to describe brain metabolic changing patterns demonstrated by serial brain FDG PET/CT scans and their relationship with the clinical course in patients with anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor encephalitis (ANMDARE). Patients and Methods Eighteen serial PET scans of 8 patients with ANMDARE were reviewed. All the 18 PET scans were divided into 4 groups according to studies timing in different clinical course: group A, the acute and subacute phase; group B, early recovery phase; group C, recovery phase; and group D, relapsing phase. Antibody levels of ANMDARE of all these patients were tested at the same time. The PET images of each group were analyzed visually and also compared with 10 age- and sex-matched normal controls using voxel-wise statistical parametric mapping analysis (SPM5). Results Variable brain metabolic patterns and its association with the clinical course and the levels of NMDA antibody were demonstrated by FDG PET images. First, severe hypometabolism in bilateral occipital lobes and relatively mild hypermetabolism in the partial frontal and basal ganglia in acute and subacute phase, the level of antibody was high. Second, in early recovery phase when the symptoms was partially improved, extensive cortical hypometabolism was observed, and the level of antibody was low. Third, the patients in the recovery phase have no obvious neurological and psychiatric symptoms; PET images were nearly normal, and the antibodies tests were all negative, correspondingly. Fourth, 3 scans of relapsing phase presented heterogeneous brain metabolic abnormalities. Conclusions There existed a specific serial brain metabolic changing pattern that correlated with the clinical course and antibody level in ANMDARE.
Aspectual coercion and eventuality structure

The focus of this paper is on the system of aspectual coercion connected with durative adverbials (like for one day), time-span adverbials (like in ten ­minutes), and time-point adverbials (like at seven o’clock) as well as the progressive in English and its roots in the domain of eventualities. Aspectual coercions are regarded as operations which are executed in order to prevent a conflict between the aspects of a verbal expression and the aspectual requirements of the context. The meaning resulting from such an adjustment involves material which is not contributed by the constituents but originates from knowledge of eventualities. Thus, leading questions of the paper are what the overall structure of eventualities is and how this structure determines the aspectual meaning of expressions as well as the way in which it can be contextually shifted. Recurring to prior work in the field of research, several sorts of eventuality and general relations that exist between eventualities of different sorts are distinguished. On this basis, by examining a sample of data, the paper identifies a multitude of operations for systematically transforming the (e.g., iterative coercion, habitual coercion, inchoative coercion, additive coercion, and subtractive coercion). Finally, taking into account that the operations have basically the same formal structure and, therefore, give reason to generalization, a two-stage approach to aspectual coercion is presented. Its most notably features are that, first, the principle of semantic compositionality is entirely maintained in its validity and, second, adjusting by coercion is turned out to be ultimately a pragmatic phenomenon.
Anthropometric Characteristics and Risk of Uterine Leiomyoma

Background: The etiology of uterine leiomyoma (or fibroids) is poorly understood. Sex steroid hormones and growth factors have been hypothesized to play a role in their development, and anthropometric characteristics may influence uterine leiomyoma risk. Methods: We analyzed prospectively-collected data from the Nurses’ Health Study II, a cohort of 116,609 female registered nurses age 25 to 42 years at baseline. Incidence of uterine leiomyoma and anthropometric characteristics were assessed every 2 years. We calculated hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals adjusted for known and suspected risk factors for uterine leiomyoma. Results: Uterine leiomyomas were associated with current body mass index, change in weight since age 18, and waist-to-hip ratio. However, there was little evidence of their association with body mass index at age 18, childhood or adolescent body size, or adult height. Conclusion: Body mass and weight gain in adulthood may increase the risk of uterine leiomyoma, but body mass in early life does not.
Continuous Curvelet Transform : I . Resolution of the Wavefront Set

We discuss a Continuous Curvelet Transform (CCT), a transform f → Γf (a, b, θ) of functions f(x1, x2) on R , into a transform domain with continuous scale a > 0, location b ∈ R, and orientation θ ∈ [0, 2π). The transform is defined by Γf (a, b, θ) = 〈f, γabθ〉 where the inner products project f onto analyzing elements called curvelets γabθ which are smooth and of rapid decay away from an a by √ a rectangle with minor axis pointing in direction θ. We call them curvelets because this anisotropic behavior allows them to ‘track’ the behavior of singularities along curves. They are continuum scale/space/orientation analogs of the discrete frame of curvelets discussed in Candès and Donoho (2002). We use the CCT to analyze several objects having singularities at points, along lines, and along smooth curves. These examples show that for fixed (x0, θ0), Γf (a, x0, θ0) decays rapidly as a → 0 if f is smooth near x0, or if the singularity of f at x0 is oriented in a different direction than θ0. Generalizing these examples, we state general theorems showing that decay properties of Γf (a, x0, θ0) for fixed (x0, θ0), as a → 0 can precisely identify the wavefront set and the Hwavefront set of a distribution. In effect, the wavefront set of a distribution is the closure of the set of (x0, θ0) near which Γf (a, x, θ) is not of rapid decay as a → 0; the H-wavefront set is the closure of those points (x0, θ0) where the ‘directional parabolic square function’ S(x, θ) = (∫ |Γf (a, x, θ)| da a3+2m )1/2 is not locally integrable. The CCT is closely related to a continuous transform used by Hart Smith in his study of Fourier Integral Operators. Smith’s transform is based on strict affine parabolic scaling of a single mother wavelet, while for the transform we discuss, the generating wavelet changes (slightly) scale by scale. The CCT can also be compared to the FBI (FourierBros-Iagolnitzer) and Wave Packets (Cordoba-Fefferman) transforms. We describe their similarities and differences in resolving the wavefront set.
Articulating Asianness

This study explores Asian Dutch young people’s ethnic-cultural identification in relation to their media consumption, and specifically their consumption of popular media from Asian countries other than their country of origin. A survey was conducted among 486 Asian Dutch (18–35 years old). In concurrence with previous research on ethnic minorities it is found that young Asian Dutch identify with multiple ethnic-cultural ‘groups’. Besides hostland (Dutch) and homeland (e.g. Chinese) ethnic-cultural identification they also engender novel pan-ethnic Asian ethnic-cultural identification. Furthermore, it is found that young Asian Dutch articulate their Asian ethnic-cultural identification through the consumption of popular media from Asian countries other than their homelands. This study contributes to a more complete understanding of ethnic-cultural identification and popular media options that young ethnic minorities have by breaking away from the traditional hostland/homeland dichotomy.
Relationships between Teacher Expectations and Academic Learning Time in Sixth Grade Physical Education Basketball Classes

This study examined the relationship between teachers’ expectations of performance and the academic learning time (ALT) of elementary students in physical education classes. Six teachers from different schools were asked to rank-order their students according to expected levels of performance in physical education. Thirty-six students, one boy and one girl from the high, middle, and low expectancy groups of each class, were chosen for observation in three basketball lessons to determine ALT–PE. Using ANOVA, a significant difference was found between level of teacher expectation and academic learning time of students. High expectancy students had significantly higher ALT–PE measures than middle expectancy students, who in turn had higher ALT–PE measures than low expectancy students. Significant differences in ALT–PE were also evident across the three basketball lessons observed. No significant difference was found between student gender and ALT–PE. These results suggest that a relationship does exist betwe.
Relationship Between Management Style and Productivity of Employees in Islamic Azad University-Islamshahr Unit

The main goal of this research between the management styles in employee productivity, Islamic Azad University was Islamshahr. Method of descriptive study is correlation. The entire study population, Islamic Azad University employees Islamshahr in 89 years are working, they form the number is 426 people with tables and Jesse Morgan sample group consisted of 205 individuals were selected using the (systematic) random sampling study was paid to select samples. Questionnaires used in this study, the researcher made questionnaire management style based on Rnsys Likert leadership style questionnaire designed by the researchers is that the productivity of both questionnaires, respectively, their reliability based on Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 89% and 84% were calculated and using the model correlation coefficient to test the research hypotheses and discusses research findings indicated that among the four management styles and employee productivity, Islamic Azad University Islamshahr significant relationship exists so that the authoritarian management style and productivity among employees, Islamic Azad University Islamshahr negative relationship means There you are benevolent despot management styles, advice, partnership with employee productivity, Islamic Azad University Islamshahr There is a significant positive relationship.
An Application of “Broken‐Windows” and Related Theories to the Study of Disorder, Fear, and Collective Efficacy in Schools

This article considers school climate and perceptions of social disorder. When a school is characterized by disorder or physical risk, basic educational goals and processes are jeopardized. We use survey data from 33 public schools serving grades 6–8 in a large mid‐Atlantic city to examine relationships among physical disorder (e.g., broken windows and poor building conditions), fear, collective efficacy, and social disorder. Path analyses reveal a direct association between physical disorder and social disorder even when prior levels of collective efficacy are controlled—a finding consistent with traditional broken‐windows theories. Further, there is evidence that the effects of physical disorder may be operating through increased fear and decreased collective efficacy to affect perceptions of threatening or violent interactions among people.
Drawing and showing: helping children to report emotionally laden events

This study examined the effectiveness of drawing and re-enactment as means of facilitating children's verbal reports about emotionally laden events. Sixty children, aged 5 and 8 years, were interviewed about times when they had felt happy, sad and scared in one of three interview conditions; drawing, in which they were asked to draw and tell, re-enactment, in which they were asked to re-enact and tell, or verbal, in which they were simply asked to tell. For children of both age groups, drawing and re-enactment enhanced the amount of information reported relative to a verbal interview. Further, drawing and re-enactment elicited a greater number of items of descriptive information than did the verbal interview. The possible mechanisms underlying these findings and their implications for interviewing children in clinical contexts are discussed. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Evaluating Quality and Utility of Digital Mammograms and Lossy Compressed Digital Mammograms

C. N. Adams, M.S.a, A. Aiyer, M.S.a, B.J. Betts, M.S.a, J. Li, M.S.a, P. C. Cosman, Ph.D.,b S. M. Perlmutter, Ph.D.,c M. Williams, Ph.D.,d K. O. Perlmutter, Ph.D.c, D. Ikeda, M.D.,e L. Fajardo, M.D.d, R. Birdwell, M.D.e, B. L. Daniel, M.D.e, S. Rossiter, M.D.e, R. A. Olshen, Ph.D.,f and R. M. Gray, Ph.D.a aInformation Systems Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA bDepartment of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA cJohnson-Grace Company, Inc., 2 Corporate Plaza, Suite 150, Newport Beach, CA dDepartment of Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA eDepartment of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA fDepartments of Health Research and Policy, Statistics, and Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford CA.
Characterization and Comparison of Invasive Corynebacterium diphtheriae Isolates from France and Poland

ABSTRACT Corynebacterium diphtheriae, the agent of diphtheria, is rarely responsible for bacteremia. However, high numbers of bacteremia have been reported in countries with extensive immunization coverage. Here, we used molecular and phenotypic tools to characterize and compare 42 invasive isolates collected in France (including New Caledonia) and Poland over a 23-year period.
SisFall: A Fall and Movement Dataset

Research on fall and movement detection with wearable devices has witnessed promising growth. However, there are few publicly available datasets, all recorded with smartphones, which are insufficient for testing new proposals due to their absence of objective population, lack of performed activities, and limited information. Here, we present a dataset of falls and activities of daily living (ADLs) acquired with a self-developed device composed of two types of accelerometer and one gyroscope. It consists of 19 ADLs and 15 fall types performed by 23 young adults, 15 ADL types performed by 14 healthy and independent participants over 62 years old, and data from one participant of 60 years old that performed all ADLs and falls. These activities were selected based on a survey and a literature analysis. We test the dataset with widely used feature extraction and a simple to implement threshold based classification, achieving up to 96% of accuracy in fall detection. An individual activity analysis demonstrates that most errors coincide in a few number of activities where new approaches could be focused. Finally, validation tests with elderly people significantly reduced the fall detection performance of the tested features. This validates findings of other authors and encourages developing new strategies with this new dataset as the benchmark.
A Causal Model of Organizational Performance and Change

To provide a model of organizational performance and change, at least two lines of theorizing need to be explored-organizationalfunctioning and organizational change. The authors go beyond description and suggest causal linkages that hypothesize how performance is affected and how effective change occurs. Change is depicted in terms of both process and content, with particular emphasis on transformational as compared with transactional factors. Transformational change occurs as a response to the external environment and directly affects organizational mission and strategy, the organization 's leadership, and culture. In turn, the transactionalfactors are affected-structure, systems, management practices, and climate. These transformational and transactional factors together affect motivation, which, in turn, affects performance. In support of the model's potential validity, theory and research as well as practice are cited.
The Structure of Economic Modeling of the Potential Impacts of Climate Change: Grafting Gross Underestimation of Risk onto Already Narrow Science Models

Scientists describe the scale of the risks from unmanaged climate change as potentially immense. However, the scientific models, because they omit key factors that are hard to capture precisely, appear to substantially underestimate these risks. Many economic models add further gross underassessment of risk because the assumptions built into the economic modeling on growth, damages and risks, come close to assuming directly that the impacts and costs will be modest and close to excluding the possibility of catastrophic outcomes. A new generation of models is needed in all three of climate science, impact and economics with a still stronger focus on lives and livelihoods, including the risks of large-scale migration and conflicts.
Alleviation of central accumulation of amyloid-beta and prevention of cognitive dysfunction following peripheral inflammation

"Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by neurodegeneration in regions of the adult brain, due to formation of amyloid-beta plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. Inflammation has been implicated in the onset and progression of these pathologies. Our previous studies resulted in an animal model of peripheral inflammation-induced AD-like pathology using the bacterial endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Following 7 consecutive once-daily injections of LPS, C57BL/6J mice displayed significantly higher levels of amyloid-beta as well as cognitive deficits in hippocampus-dependent tasks. Here we explored multiple ways to alleviate the inflammation-induced central accumulation of amyloid-beta. Numerous studies have focused on reducing central amyloid-beta with pharmaceuticals designed to interfere with the mechanisms that lead to production of amyloid-beta, or by interfering with inflammation using non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. ^Non-pharmaceutical interventions, such as exercise, have also been studied and were found to be beneficial. The experiments described in this dissertation focused on three treatments that previously demonstrated possible therapeutic value for reducing central amyloid-beta accumulation. Treatment with Imatinib, an FDA approved drug for chronic myelogenous leukemia, resulted in decreased amyloid-beta accumulation and rescued cognitive deficits when the animals were first pre-treated for a week prior to LPS administration. In addition, our data suggests that the amyloid-beta production occurs in the periphery. Next, animals treated with Ibuprofen, a popular NSAID, did not appear to have altered amyloid-beta or reduced cognitive deficits. However, further testing is needed, as Ibuprofen has proven more effective when given for extended periods of time. ^Finally, and most interestingly, two weeks of voluntary wheel running resulted in almost a complete elimination of central amyloid-beta, following LPS administration, while sedentary animals still showed significant elevation of central amyloid-beta. It is reasonable to assume that if the production of amyloid-beta could be reduced or eliminated from the brain there may be a potential for less susceptibility to the onset and detrimental effects of AD. Two of the three studies described above showed potential to be effective at reducing AD pathology. However, further studies need to be conducted in order to further understand the mechanism behind amyloid-beta removal and reduction" – Abstract.
ADVANCES IN ENDOSCOPIC DIAGNOSIS OF COLORECTAL CANCER

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed malignant tumor and the fourth leading cause of cancer death in the world. Since it is known that most of colorectal cancers arise from adenomatous polyps, screening programmes were developed in order to improve detection of polyps and early diagnosis of carcinoma. Colonoscopy is the gold standard for diagnosis of CRC. Because of its high adenoma missing rates and lower ability to differentiate between benign and malignant lesions novel techniques are being developed in order to improve mucosal visualization, reduce adenoma missing rates and enable in-vivo optical diagnosis. Methods can roughly be divided into three categories, ones that present improved visualization techniques (endoscopes with increased field of view, auxiliary imaging devices, so called addon devices), ones that enable more detail tissue characterization presenting the possibility for virtual biopsy (conventional or virtual chromoendoscopy, confocal laser endomicroscopy and endocytoscopy), and other minimally or non-invasive techniques. Further investigation is needed, but hopefully these innovations with continuous technical improvement might help to reduce the colorectal cancer incidence and mortality.
Selection of favourite idols and models among Chinese young people: A comparative study in Hong Kong and Nanjing

This paper examines the conceptual differences between an idol and a model among a sample of young people in China. A questionnaire was specifically designed to measure young people’s criteria for idol worship and model learning using three pairs of contrasting constructs: idealism versus realism, romanticism versus rationalism, absolutism versus relativism. The questionnaire also asks each respondent to nominate up to three favourite idols and models in life. Atotal of 826 high school students and university students in Hong Kong and Nanjing completed the questionnaire. The results provide convergent support for the hypothesised conceptual differences between an idol and a model. Idealism, romanticism, and absolutism were more important in idol selection whereas realism, rationalism, and relativism were more important in model selection. Hong Kong young people selected significantly more idealism-romanticism-absolutism oriented celebrities whereas Nanjing young people selected significantly more realism-rationalism-relativism oriented celebrities.
Multilevel Modeling Analysis of Developmental Changes in Early Adolescent Aggression and Family Factors

The purpose of this study is to examine the trajectory of early adolescent aggression and to assess the effects of perceived family factors on it. This study investigated the changes in aggression over time and the effects of three family factors, parental attachment, parental monitoring, and family conflict, on the changes using multilevel modeling. The data from Korea Youth Panel Survey(KYPS) of fourth graders who were followed over five years were analyzed. The results indicated that there was a significant average increase followed by a slight decrease in aggression over time; that is, the data followed a quadratic trend. Parental attachment, parental monitoring, and family conflict had significant time-independent effects on aggression, while only family conflict had a significant time-dependent effect on aggression. These results imply that family factors need to be emphasized in planning prevention and intervention programs to reduce aggression during adolescence. ■ keyword :∣Adolescent Aggression∣Parental Attachment∣Parental Monitoring∣Family Conflict∣Multilevel Modeling∣ KYPS∣ 접수일자 : 2013년 10월 30일 수정일자 : 2013년 11월 21일 심사완료일 : 2013년 11월 29일 교신저자 : 최정아, e-mail : chocolat@kiu.ac. kr 초기 청소년기 공격성의 발달적 변화와 가족 영향 요인에 대한 다층모형 분석 295