Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bilevel Model-Based Discriminative Dictionary Learning for Recognition

Most supervised dictionary learning methods optimize the combinations of reconstruction error, sparsity prior, and discriminative terms. Thus, the learnt dictionaries may not be optimal for recognition tasks. Also, the sparse codes learning models in the training and the testing phases are inconsistent. Besides, without utilizing the intrinsic data structure, many dictionary learning methods only employ the $\ell _{0}$ or $\ell _{1}$ norm to encode each datum independently, limiting the performance of the learnt dictionaries. We present a novel bilevel model-based discriminative dictionary learning method for recognition tasks. The upper level directly minimizes the classification error, while the lower level uses the sparsity term and the Laplacian term to characterize the intrinsic data structure. The lower level is subordinate to the upper level. Therefore, our model achieves an overall optimality for recognition in that the learnt dictionary is directly tailored for recognition. Moreover, the sparse codes learning models in the training and the testing phases can be the same. We further propose a novel method to solve our bilevel optimization problem. It first replaces the lower level with its Karush-Kuhn–Tucker conditions and then applies the alternating direction method of multipliers to solve the equivalent problem. Extensive experiments demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of our method.
Apoptosis-Inducing Factor Is a Key Factor in Neuronal Cell Death Propagated by BAX-Dependent and BAX-Independent Mechanisms

Mitochondria release proteins that propagate both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent cell death pathways. AIF (apoptosis-inducing factor) is an important caspase-independent death regulator in multiple neuronal injury pathways. Presently, there is considerable controversy as to whether AIF is neuroprotective or proapoptotic in neuronal injury, such as oxidative stress or excitotoxicity. To evaluate the role of AIF in BAX-dependent (DNA damage induced) and BAX-independent (excitotoxic) neuronal death, we used Harlequin (Hq) mice, which are hypomorphic for AIF. Neurons carrying double mutations for Hq/Apaf1-/- (apoptosis proteases-activating factor) are impaired in both caspase-dependent and AIF-mediated mitochondrial cell death pathways. These mutant cells exhibit extended neuroprotection against DNA damage, as well as glutamate-induced excitotoxicity. Specifically, AIF is involved in NMDA- and kainic acid- but not AMPA-induced excitotoxicity. In vivo excitotoxic studies using kainic acid-induced seizure showed that Hq mice had significantly less hippocampal damage than wild-type littermates. Our results demonstrate an important role for AIF in both BAX-dependent and BAX-independent mechanisms of neuronal injury.
A Double Image Watermarking Based on Wavelet Domain and Krawtchouk Moments

In order to improve the robustness and invisibility of watermarkings embedded into the images, a novel algorithm is presented, which is based on discrete wavelet transformation (DWT). The original watermarking signal is embedded into the lowest frequency sub-band of the wavelet domain. Combined with the technique of encryption, the extracted Krawtchouk moment invariants of the image are used to establish another layer virtual watermarking and a mapping relationship between the two layer watermarkings. The mapping enables the self- restoration of the original watermarking with virtual watermarking when the image is attacked. The watermarking can be well extracted without the original host image. The invisibility and robustness of the proposed algorithm are demonstrated by the simulations, such as Gaussian noise, JPEG compression and some geometric attacks.
Deriving Pairedness in vP structure: Minimalist yet Optimal

Minimalist accounts lack a natural theory of markedness, whereas OptimalityTheoretical accounts lack derivational procedure. We argue, then, that neither standard Minimalist nor standard Optimality-Theoretical frameworks enable straightforward, parsimonious accounts of what we call pairedness behavior, where a given language exhibits multiple forms occupying the same niche. We adopt a hybrid OT/MP account, first, to explain the unmarked/marked dichotomy of anticausatives in German, and, second, toexplainwhylanguagesoftenexhibitdirectandindirectcausatives.
Encoding Sentences with Graph Convolutional Networks for Semantic Role Labeling

Semantic role labeling (SRL) is the task of identifying the predicate-argument structure of a sentence. It is typically regarded as an important step in the standard NLP pipeline. As the semantic representations are closely related to syntactic ones, we exploit syntactic information in our model. We propose a version of graph convolutional networks (GCNs), a recent class of neural networks operating on graphs, suited to model syntactic dependency graphs. GCNs over syntactic dependency trees are used as sentence encoders, producing latent feature representations of words in a sentence. We observe that GCN layers are complementary to LSTM ones: when we stack both GCN and LSTM layers, we obtain a substantial improvement over an already state-of-the-art LSTM SRL model, resulting in the best reported scores on the standard benchmark (CoNLL-2009) both for Chinese and English.
Medical images compression with clinical diagnostic quality using logarithmic DWT

Diagnostic quality is an essential requirement in the medical images compression field to avoid misdiagnosis by radiologists. In this paper, a novel study on using the logarithm in medical images compression is presented. Two novel compression schemes are proposed to improve the image quality. The proposed compression schemes relies on discrete wavelet transform (DWT). The first approach is based on the logarithmic number system (LNS) arithmetic. The second approach (Log-DWT) is a hybrid of LNS and Linear arithmetic. Both schemes compromise between the computation speed and precision. Both approaches show a significant improvement in the image quality in addition to providing better compression rate compared to the classical approach which does not include any logarithmic operations. The structural similarity index (SSIM) was used to assess the two approaches in terms of the image quality. The performance has been evaluated for the proposed approaches and has been compared to the classical approach.
Relationship Between Time Management Skills and Academic Achievement of The Students in Vocational School of Health Services

In the university education process, the formation of an effective use of time awareness is very important for students in order to achieve their goals. The success of university students is affected from their usage of time accurately. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the time management skills of students and their academic achievements; to evaluate whether students’ time management skills and academic achievements differ according to the socio-demographic characteristics. The study was performed with 341 students in a foundation university at 2014-2015 academic year. In the study, socio-demographic questionnaire and “Time Management Inventory” were used. The data was analysed with SPSS 17.0. The data was distributed normal. Independent samples t-test, one-way analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation test were performed. In the study, it was determined that woman students’ time wastage mean scores were significantly higher than man (p=0,000); woman students’ academic success was significantly higher than man (p=0,008); second education students’ time planning mean scores were significantly higher than first education students (p=0,043). It was determined that students’ academic success scores who live in metropolitan were significantly higher than students who live in provincial (p= 0,030); students’ academic success scores who live in metropolitan were significantly higher than students who live in small or medium sized province (p= 0,001). It was determined that, there is no significant difference between students’ time management subscales mean scores and academic success according to their working status, grade, programme, educational status of mother and father (p>0,05). In conclusion, students should improve their time management skills by increasing the awareness of their attitudes, planning, thinking and behaviors regarding to time management affecting academic success. Students should aware of time wastage and should take responsibility for managing the time more efficiently.
Adequate Yearly Progress: Results, Not Process.

The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB) demands from the American public school system that all students, regardless of race or socioeconomic status, must be held to the same academic expectations, and that their academic progress must be measured using a newly refined concept of adequate yearly progress (AYP). Success in complying with the law will no longer be based on whether a state has created academic standards and testing, but rather on how well its students are doing in making real progress toward meeting these standards. The new system has a built-in "specific ambiguity," whereby states have significantly flexibility in developing state accountability systems and general program administration. States can thus experiment with their specific implementation of AYP within constraints set by the law. Academic achievement standards must describe basic, proficient, and advanced levels of achievement, and utilize them for all groups of students to prevent failing groups from being hidden. Schools that do not make adequate yearly progress for 2 consecutive years will be identified as needing improvement, with corrective action being taken after 4 years of failure. Schools that make or exceed AYP may receive special awards, and their teachers may receive financial awards. (Contains 12 references.) (RT) Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made from the original document. Adequate Yearly Progress: Results, not Process Lisa Graham Keegan, Billie J. Orr & Brian J. Jones Education Leaders Council U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION Office of Educational Research and Improvement itUCATIONAL RESOURCES INFORMATION CENTER (ERIC) This document has been reproduced as received from the person or organization originating it. Minor changes have been made to improve reproduction quality. Points of view or opinions stated in this document do not necessarily represent official OERI position or policy. Prepared for 1 PERMISSION TO REPRODUCE AND DISSEMINATE THIS MATERIAL HAS BEEN GRANTED BY
Oral and Dental Considerations in Pediatric Leukemic Patient

Throughout the world, there have been drastic decline in mortality rate in pediatric leukemic population due to early diagnosis and improvements in oncology treatment. The pediatric dentist plays an important role in the prevention, stabilization, and treatment of oral and dental problems that can compromise the child's health and quality of life during, and follow up of the cancer treatment. This manuscript discusses recommendations and promotes dental care of the pediatric leukemic patients.
Effective load-balancing of peer-to-peer systems

growing popularity of peer-to-peer (P2P) systems has necessitated the need for managing huge volumes of data efficiently to ensure acceptable user response times. Dynamically changing popularities of data items and skewed user query patterns in P2P systems may cause some of the peers to become bottlenecks, thereby resulting in severe load imbalance and consequently increased user response times. An effective load-balancing mechanism becomes a necessity in such cases. Such load-balancing can be achieved by efficient online data migration/replication. While much work has been done to harness the huge computing resources of P2P systems for high-performance computing and scientific applications, issues concerning load-balancing with a view towards faster access to data for normal users have not received adequate attention. Notably, the sheer size of P2P networks and the inherent dynamism of the environment pose significant challenges to load-balancing. The main contributions of our proposal are three-fold. First, we view a P2P system as comprising clusters of peers and present techniques for both intra-cluster and inter-cluster load-balancing. Second, we analyze the trade-offs between the options of migration and replication and formulate a strategy based on which the system decides at run-time which option to use. Third, we propose an effective strategy aimed towards automatic self-evolving clusters of peers. Our performance evaluation demonstrates that our proposed technique for inter-cluster load-balancing is indeed effective in improving the system performance significantly. To our knowledge, this work is one of the earliest attempts at addressing load-balancing via both online data migration and replication in P2P environments.
Docetaxel-loaded lipid microbubbles combined with ultrasound-triggered microbubble destruction for targeted tumor therapy in MHCC-H cells

Background Efficient and targeted delivery of cytotoxic drugs is still a challenge in the fight against cancer. Ultrasound-targeted destruction of cytotoxic drug-loaded lipid microbubbles (LMs) might be a promising method. This study aimed to explore the antitumor effects of docetaxel-loaded LM (DLLM) combined with ultrasound-targeted microbubble destruction (UTMD) on liver cancer. Materials and methods DLLMs were made by a mechanical vibration technique. The effects of docetaxel, DLLM alone, and DLLM + UTMD on cell viability and cell proliferation (Cell Counting Kit-8 assay) of MHCC-H cells and HepG2 cells were tested. The effects on cell cycle (flow cytometry) and apoptosis (flow cytometry and immunoblotting) of MHCC-H cells were tested. Solid fast-growing tumor mouse models were established and were randomized to blank LM + UTMD (controls) or DLLM + UTMD. Tumor volume was compared between the two groups. Results DLLMs had an 18%±7% drug-loading capacity, an 80%±3% encapsulation efficiency, and a mean particle size of 2,845 nm (75% range 1,527–5,534 nm). Compared to the other groups, DLLM + UTMD decreased the proliferation and increased the apoptosis of MHCC-H cells. DLLM + UTMD resulted in the inhibition of a higher proportion of cells in the G1 phase. Compared to the control group, the tumor volume in mice receiving DLLM + UTMD was smaller. Conclusion DLLM + UTMD can increase the proportion of cells arrested in the G1 phase, decrease tumor cell proliferation, and induce MHCC-H cell apoptosis. The growth of solid tumors in mice was inhibited. These results could provide a novel targeted strategy against liver cancer.
Do Survey Results Systematically Differ from Hedonic Regression Results? Evidence from a Residential Property Meta-Analysis

In this paper, we evaluate the effect of environmental contamination situations on residential property values. Using the meta-analysis technique, conclusions are drawn about the effect of location, type of study conducted, empirical technique used, and economic conditions on various outcomes. Using observations extracted from 40 peer reviewed articles, meta-regression analysis is used to identify the factors that explain variation in marginal willingness to pay for environmental amenities and disamenities as a percentage of the average unimpaired value of local residential properties. Our findings suggest that relatively similar property value diminution conclusions are obtained regardless of the methodological approach employed. Additionally, we find no evidence of ‘‘publication bias’’ in our results.
The Mediterranean evergreen Quercus ilex and the semi-deciduous Cistus albidus differ in their leaf gas exchange regulation and acclimation to repeated drought and re-watering cycles

Plants may exhibit some degree of acclimation after experiencing drought, but physiological adjustments to consecutive cycles of drought and re-watering (recovery) have scarcely been studied. The Mediterranean evergreen holm oak (Q. ilex) and the semi-deciduous rockrose (C. albidus) showed some degree of acclimation after the first of three drought cycles (S1, S2, and S3). For instance, during S2 and S3 both species retained higher relative leaf water contents than during S1, despite reaching similar leaf water potentials. However, both species showed remarkable differences in their photosynthetic acclimation to repeated drought cycles. Both species decreased photosynthesis to a similar extent during the three cycles (20–40% of control values). However, after S1 and S2, photosynthesis recovered only to 80% of control values in holm oak, due to persistently low stomatal (gs) and mesophyll (gm) conductances to CO2. Moreover, leaf intrinsic water use efficiency (WUE) was kept almost constant in this species during the entire experiment. By contrast, photosynthesis of rockrose recovered almost completely after each drought cycle (90–100% of control values), while the WUE was largely and permanently increased (by 50–150%, depending on the day) after S1. This was due to a regulation which consisted in keeping gs low (recovering to 50–60% of control values after re-watering) while maintaining a high gm (even exceeding control values during re-watering). While the mechanisms to achieve such particular regulation of water and CO2 diffusion in leaves are unknown, it clearly represents a unique acclimation feature of this species after a drought cycle, which allows it a much better performance during successive drought events. Thus, differences in the photosynthetic acclimation to repeated drought cycles can have important consequences on the relative fitness of different Mediterranean species or growth forms within the frame of climate change scenarios.
S3 Pupils' Career Aspirations and Views on Language Learning

In May 2005, the Scottish Centre for Language Teaching and Research (SCILT) undertook a government-funded nationwide survey of approximately 1500 pupils in the S3 cohort of Scottish secondary schools. Pupils in 47 randomly selected Scottish secondary schools completed a questionnaire that explored their career aspirations and how these related to their views on language learning. The responses of S3 pupils are significant because the government's educational policy A Curriculum for Excellence is proposing to give pupils in this year group the opportunity to have a greater say in their subject choices. The findings provide useful indicators for government officials, head teachers, careers advisers and language teachers in Scottish secondary schools.
Inhalation of ultrafine carbon particles triggers biphasic pro-inflammatory response in the mouse lung

High levels of particulate matter in ambient air are associated with increased respiratory and cardiovascular health problems. It has been hypothesised that it is the ultrafine particle fraction (diameter <100 nm) that is largely responsible for these effects. To evaluate the associated mechanisms on a molecular level, the current authors applied an expression profiling approach. Healthy mice were exposed to either ultrafine carbon particles (UFCPs; mass concentration 380 µg·m-3) or filtered air for 4 and 24 h. Histology of the lungs did not indicate any pathomorphological changes after inhalation. Examination of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid revealed a small increase in polymorphonuclear cell number (ranging 0.6–1%) after UFCP inhalation, compared with clean air controls, suggesting a minor inflammatory response. However, DNA microarray profile analysis revealed a clearly biphasic response to particle exposure. After 4 h of inhalation, mainly heat shock proteins were induced, whereas after 24 h, different immunomodulatory proteins (osteopontin, galectin-3 and lipocalin-2) were upregulated in alveolar macrophages and septal cells. In conclusion, these data indicate that inhalation of ultrafine carbon particles triggers a biphasic pro-inflammatory process in the lung, involving the activation of macrophages and the upregulation of immunomodulatory proteins.
The effect of self-revision on the target text: do self-revisions deliteralise the final translation? A case study

This article investigates the effect of self-revision on the TT and in so doing it also tests empirically Chesterman’s (2011) deliteralisation hypothesis. It examines self-revisions undertaken in draft versions of a whole literary translation created by an experienced translator. The data analysis methodology draws on Englund Dimitrova’s (2005) and Pavlovic and Antunovic’s (2013) studies of self-revision. The results indicate that the self-revisions carried out by this study’s participant tend to move the TT closer to the ST, thereby literalising it. They, therefore, challenge the deliteralisation hypothesis. In view of this, more studies testing the deliteralisation hypothesis are needed
Interpretative accounts of work capacity assessment policy for young adults with disabilities

Abstract Young adults with disabilities are a specific target of the welfare-to-work policy introduced by many OECD countries over the past decade. The implementation of these policies is a significant concern for service delivery organisations and advocates in Australia and internationally due to complex intersecting structural barriers that persist for many young adults with disabilities. A particular focus of this article is work capacity assessments. Drawing on socio-political theories and interpretive policy analysis, the 22 in-depth interviews with personnel from service delivery organisations and advocacy organisations reveal how the deemed capacity to work process is not only interpreted as flawed, but the current policy approach disables young adults, perpetuates stigma, and creates division between service users and service providers. The accounts reinforce the need to contest such assessments and instead turn towards a rights-based capability approach permitting young adults with disability self-determination over their education-to-employment pathway.
Realizing Robust User Authentication in Sensor Networks

We investigate how to organize access control to the WSN data in such a way that an unauthorized entity ( the adversary ) cannot make arbitrary queries to the WSN. We call this problem authenticated querying . Roughly, this means that whenever the sensor nodes process a query, they should be able to verify that the query comes from a legitimate user. Authenticated querying is especially challenging if the adversary can gain full control over some sensor nodes through physical access ( node capture attack). We propose (cid:12)rst so-lution to this problem and present our experiments with an implementation of the (cid:12)rst step of this solution.