Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Bounds for the index of the centre in capable groups

A group H is called capable if it is isomorphic to G/Z(G) for some group G. Let H be a capable group. I. M. Isaacs (2001) showed that if H is finite, then the index of the centre is bounded above by some function of |H'|. We show that if |H' < ∞, then |H: Z(H)| < [H'| c log 2 |H'| with some constant c and this bound is essentially best possible. We complete a result of Isaacs, showing that if H' is a cyclic group, then |H: Z(H)| ≤ |H'| 2 .
Iron and neurodegeneration in the multiple sclerosis brain

Iron may contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of multiple sclerosis (MS) due to its accumulation in the human brain with age. Our study focused on nonheme iron distribution and the expression of the iron‐related proteins ferritin, hephaestin, and ceruloplasmin in relation to oxidative damage in the brain tissue of 33 MS and 30 control cases.
Adaptive beamforming for multiuser space-time block coded systems

We propose a reception scheme with adaptive beamforming for multiuser Alamouti-type space-time block code. The proposed scheme performs space-time processing to optimally estimate the transmitted space-time block coded symbols based on the minimum mean square error (MMSE) criterion. Simulation results show that the scheme achieves good performance in a multiuser system. With N receive antennas the scheme can support N users each with two antennas.
Contribution of outer membrane protein K36 to antimicrobial resistance and virulence in Klebsiella pneumoniae.

OBJECTIVES Loss of outer membrane protein (Omp) is commonly encountered in multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. However, little is known about the association between Omp loss and virulence. In the present study, this association was investigated in K. pneumoniae. METHODS An OmpK36-deficient mutant (DeltaOmpK36) was derived from a virulent clinical isolate by targeted gene insertion. Antimicrobial susceptibility was tested by microbroth dilution and disc diffusion. Virulence was assessed by serum resistance, phagocytosis, clearance of viable bacteria in the liver and lethality in mice following inoculation with bacteria. RESULTS Susceptibility tests showed that DeltaOmpK36 contributed to the resistance to cefazolin and cefoxitin but not to resistance to late-generation cephalosporins. In vitro assays demonstrated that loss of OmpK36 decreased the resistance to neutrophil phagocytosis and increased the resistance to serum killing during the first hour of the assay, but did not influence the growth rate when compared with the parental strain. Intraperitoneal injection of similar doses ( approximately 4 x 10(4) cfu) of the parental strain and DeltaOmpK36 led to significantly fewer viable bacteria in the liver 24 h post-inoculation in DeltaOmpK36-inoculated mice. In the mice LD(50) (the bacterial dose that caused 50% death) assay, the parental strain was approximately 100-fold more lethal ( approximately 10(3) cfu) than the DeltaOmpK36 mutant ( approximately 10(5) cfu). CONCLUSIONS Loss of OmpK36 in K. pneumoniae resulted in increased antimicrobial resistance, increased susceptibility to neutrophil phagocytosis, increased resistance to serum killing and reduced virulence.
Through your partner’s eyes: Perspective taking tempers optimism in behavior predictions

People tend to be overly optimistic when predicting their future behaviors. This research examines how taking someone else’s perspective affects predictions of relationship behaviors. Study 1 (N = 82) showed that taking the partner’s perspective when predicting how many relationship-enhancing behaviors one might perform over the next week reduced the number of predicted behaviors and consequently reduced optimistic bias. Study 2 (N = 244) replicated the reduction in predicted behaviors when taking the partner’s or a friend’s perspective. Study 2 also showed that predictions from another person’s view are similar to predictions for another person’s behavior. Study 3 (N = 149) replicated the reduction in predicted behaviors and the similarity to predictions for other people’s behavior. Furthermore, Study 3 suggests that one reason why adopting another’s perspective affects predictions is an attenuation of the link between forecasts and relationship quality and increase of the link of forecasts with conscientiousness, which tends to be a better predictor of behavior.
Editor-in-chief Dynamic Data Rebalancing in Hadoop

Current implementation of Hadoop is based on an assumption that all the nodes in a Hadoop cluster are homogenous with same processing capability. Data in a Hadoop cluster is split into blocks of predetermined size and are replicated to a set of data nodes based on the replication factor. Service time for jobs that accesses data stored in Hadoop considerably increases when the number of jobs is greater than the number of copies of data and when the nodes in Hadoop cluster differ much in their processing capabilities. This paper addresses dynamic data rebalancing in a heterogeneous Hadoop cluster. Data rebalancing is done by replicating data dynamically with minimum data movement cost based on the number of incoming parallel mapreduce jobs. Once the jobs finish executing, unnecessary copies of data are eliminated. As a result of our approach, service time for these jobs is reduced significantly, as they do not have to wait for other jobs to finish. Our experiments indicate that as a result of dynamic data rebalancing service time of mapreduce jobs were reduced by over 30% and resource utilization is increased by over 50% when compared against Hadoop.
The relationship between quality of work life and faculty membersÃ¢Â€Â™ productivity in Islamic Azad Universities in district 4 of Iran

Bearing in mind that the role of work life should have an acceptable quality in faculty members of Islamic Azad university in improving the quantity and quality of education and research as well as improving their efficiency and increasing their productivity; this research was conducted with the goal of investigating the relationship between quality of work life and faculty members’ productivity in Islamic Azad universities in district 4 of country. This is a correlational research whose population consists of all full time male faculty members of Islamic Azad University in district 4 of Islamic Republic of Iran with a total number of 1461 persons. 224 people were selected with a 2 step cluster and simple random sampling as the population. In this research, Walton’s quality of work life and Hershey and Goldsmith’s (achieve Model) Manpower Productivity questionnaires were utilized. Their face and content validity was approved by experts and their internal stabilities are 0.874 and 0.907, respectively. In addition, their time stabilities were obtained 0.977 and 0.967. In this research descriptive statistics was used for describing research variables and for investigating the relationship between research variables, simple correlation coefficient, determination coefficient and multiple regressions were used. In all cases, recognition level α=0.05 has been determined. The results of the research demonstrated that the mean of scores on quality of work life equals 3.2 with the standard deviation of 0.579. 49.9 percent of changes and variance related to scores man power productivity by changes and variance related to scores quality of work life can be described, explained and interpreted. Components of quality of work life, except work life social dependence and work life environment, are appropriate predictors for manpower productivity; therefore manpower productivity can be predicted through quality of work life variable.
International Corporate Governance Spillovers: Evidence from Cross-Border Mergers and Acquisitions

We test the hypothesis that foreign direct investment promotes corporate governance spillovers in the host country non-target firms. Using firm-level data from 22 countries, we find that cross-border M&A activity is associated with subsequent improvements in the governance of target firms’ rivals. The spillover is more pronounced when the acquirer’s country has stronger investor protection than the target’s country, and when the target operates in a competitive industry. Cross-border M&As also lead to increases in valuation and reductions in overinvestment of non-target firms. Our results suggest that the international market for corporate control promotes functional convergence in corporate governance.
Öğretmen Adaylarının Eğitim İnançlarının Eleştirel Düşünme Eğilimlerine Etkisi

Bu arastirmanin amaci, ogretmen adaylarinin egitim inanclarinin, elestirel dusunme egilimlerine etkisini belirlemektir. Arastirmanin modeli tarama modelidir. Arastirmanin calisma grubunu 2014–2015 egitim-ogretim yilinda Mimar Sinan Guzel Sanatlar Universitesi ve Duzce Universitesi bunyesinde gerceklestirilen Pedagojik Formasyon Sertifika Egitimi Programina devam eden toplam 519 ogretmen adayi olusturmaktadir. Arastirmada veri toplamak amaciyla Egitim Inanclari Olcegi (EIO) ve Kaliforniya Elestirel Dusunme Olcegi (CCTDI-T) kullanilmistir. Verilerin analizinde betimsel istatistikler, pearson korelasyon katsayisi ve dogrusal regresyon analizi kullanilmistir. Arastirmada elde edilen bulgular incelendiginde, ogretmen adaylarinin egitime iliskin inanclarinin en cok ilerlemecilik egitim felsefesine, en az ise esasicilik egitim felsefesine dayandigi sonucuna ulasilmistir. Ogretmen adaylarinin elestirel dusunme egilimlerinin tum boyutlar dusunuldugunde dusuk oldugu belirlenmistir. Alt boyutlar ayri ayri incelendiginde ise, meraklilik ve analitiklik boyutlarinda “orta” egilimde; dogruyu arama, sistematiklik, kendine guven, acik fikirlilik boyutlarinda ise “dusuk” egilimde olduklari saptanmistir. Ogretmen adaylarinin elestirel dusunme egilimleri ile esasicilik egitim felsefesine dayanan egitim inancina iliskin negatif ve anlamli; daimicilik, ilerlemecilik ve varolusculuk egitim felsefelerine dayali egitim inanclarina iliskin gorusleri arasinda ise pozitif ve anlamli bir iliski vardir. Ogretmen adaylarinin sahip oldugu egitim inanclari, elestirel dusunme egilimlerinin %5’ini aciklamaktadir.
Vegetation disturbance by fire affects plant reproductive phenology in a shrubland community in northwestern Patagonia, Argentina.

Reproductive phenology is likely to vary spatially with environmental conditions that alter microclimate, in particular temperature. We hypothesized that within the same plant community type, environmental changes produced by recent burning would alter plant phenological patterns and temporal structure of the plant community. Specifically, we predicted accelerated flowering and fruiting dates in the burned, open environment compared with the unburned, intact community. We tested this hypothesis in a post-fire tall shrubland ( matorral) in northwestern Patagonia, Argentina. During the reproductive season, phenological stages of seven vascular plant species were monitored weekly. Temperature, humidity, soil nutrients and photosynthetically-active radiation were also recorded. At the burned site, flowering began earlier in all species and the success rate of fruiting was higher. These patterns correlated with significant environmental differences, including higher mean temperatures at the burned site.
Giant Magnons

Studies of N = 4 super Yang Mills operators with large R-charge have shown that, in the planar limit, the problem of computing their dimensions can be viewed as a certain spin chain. These spin chains have fundamental “magnon” excitations which obey a dispersion relation that is periodic in the momentum of the magnons. This result for the dispersion relation was also shown to hold at arbitrary ’t Hooft coupling. Here we identify these magnons on the string theory side and we show how to reconcile a periodic dispersion relation with the continuum worldsheet description. The crucial idea is that the momentum is interpreted in the string theory side as a certain geometrical angle. We use these results to compute the energy of a spinning string. We also show that the symmetries that determine the dispersion relation and that constrain the S-matrix are the same in the gauge theory and the string theory. We compute the overall S-matrix at large ’t Hooft coupling using the string description and we ﬁnd that it agrees with an earlier conjecture. We also ﬁnd an inﬁnite number of two magnon bound states at strong coupling, while at weak coupling this number is ﬁnite.
Predicting Educational Attainment: Does Grit Compensate for Low Levels of Cognitive Ability?

Abstract This study examined the role of cognitive ability in moderating grit's association with educational outcomes. Using a large, representative sample of young adults, we estimated probit models for the probability of graduating from high school, enrolling in college, earning any college degree, and earning a bachelor's degree. For each outcome, the effect of grit (and, alternatively, each lower-order facet) was allowed to differ flexibly with cognitive ability. We found that grit's estimated marginal effect is largely concentrated among students at the high and low ends of the ability distribution. The low-ability effect is more pronounced when expressed relative to the ability-specific, baseline probability of success, and the high-ability effect increases with each successive outcome. The findings are consistent with the notion that high-ability students adopt self-regulated learning processes that exploit their grit, especially as educational tasks become more challenging. For low-ability students, it appears that grit plays a compensatory role.
VEP-based brain-computer interfaces: time, frequency, and code modulations [Research Frontier]

A brain computer interface (BCI) translates human intentions into control signals to establish a direct communication channel between the human brain and external devices. Because a BCI does not depend on the brain's normal output pathways of peripheral nerves and muscles, it can provide a new communication channel to people with severe motor disabilities. Electroencephalograms (EEGs) recorded from the surface of the scalp are widely used in current BCIs for their non-invasive nature and easy applications. Among EEG based BCIs, systems based on visual evoked potentials (VEPs) have received widespread attention in recent decades. We described the three stimulus modulation approaches used in current VEP based BCIs: time modulation (t-VEP), frequency modulation (f-VEP), and pseudorandom code modulation (c-VEP). We then carried out a detailed comparison of system performance between an f-VEP BCI and a c-VEP BCI. The results show that an f-VEP BCI has the advantage of little or no training and simple system configuration, while the c-VEP based BCI has a higher communication speed. The stimulus modulation design is the crux of VEP based BCI systems.
Stimulating students’ engagement in mathematics courses in non-STEM academic programmes: A game-based learning

Abstract It is of utmost importance to innovate in current teaching practices at higher education in order to enhance learners’ involvement, comprehension, cooperation and motivation. In non-STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) programmes students tend to display a negative attitude towards mathematic-related courses, which usually materialises in low student participation if only using traditional lecture formats. Aiming at overcoming this, game-based learning (GBL) is regarded as a potential means of improving students’ confidence and increasing their interest for learning. This study proposes a teamwork activity inspired by GBL, presented in the form of a competition. To test the suitability of the activity, we report its implementation in the subject of Mathematics 1, taught as part of the Business Administration Degree at Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (Spain). We hope that the underlying idea of the activity as well as the encouraging results obtained stimulate lecturers to implement GBL activities in their courses.
Imprisoned by the past: Unhappy moods lead to a retrospective bias to mind wandering

Evidence suggests that mind wandering is a frequent accompaniment to an unhappy mood. Building on such work, two laboratory experiments used mood induction to assess whether the greater frequency of mind wandering in a low mood is also accompanied by a shift towards a focus on events from the past. Experiment 1 induced moods via video and induction of an unhappy mood was associated with a greater tendency for past-related mind wandering as measured by a post-task questionnaire. In Experiment 2, negative and positive moods were induced in a group of participants using the Velten mood-induction procedure and the temporal focus of mind wandering was measured using experience sampling probes. Analyses indicated that induction of an unhappy mood led to an increase in past-related mind wandering and the magnitude of this change increased with scores on a measure of depressive symptoms. Together these experiments suggest that when the mind wanders in an unhappy mood it is drawn to events from its past.
Metric measure spaces with Riemannian Ricci curvature bounded from below

In this paper we introduce a synthetic notion of Riemannian Ricci bounds from below for metric measure spaces (X,d,m) which is stable under measured Gromov-Hausdorff convergence and rules out Finsler geometries. It can be given in terms of an enforcement of the Lott, Sturm and Villani geodesic convexity condition for the entropy coupled with the linearity of the heat flow. Besides stability, it enjoys the same tensorization, global-to-local and local-to-global properties. In these spaces, that we call RCD(K,\infty) spaces, we prove that the heat flow (which can be equivalently characterized either as the flow associated to the Dirichlet form, or as the Wasserstein gradient flow of the entropy) satisfies Wasserstein contraction estimates and several regularity properties, in particular Bakry-Emery estimates and the L^\infty-Lip Feller regularization. We also prove that the distance induced by the Dirichlet form coincides with d, that the local energy measure has density given by the square of Cheeger's relaxed slope and, as a consequence, that the underlying Brownian motion has continuous paths. All these results are obtained independently of Poincar\'e and doubling assumptions on the metric measure structure and therefore apply also to spaces which are not locally compact, as the infinite-dimensional ones
High Myc pathway activity and low stage of neuronal differentiation associate with poor outcome in neuroblastoma

The childhood cancer neuroblastoma arises in the developing sympathetic nervous system and is a genotypically and phenotypically heterogeneous disease. Prognostic markers of poor survival probability include amplification of the MYCN oncogene and an undifferentiated morphology. Whereas these features discriminate high- from low-risk patients with precision, identification of poor outcome low- and intermediate-risk patients is more challenging. In this study, we analyze two large neuroblastoma microarray datasets using a priori-defined gene expression signatures. We show that differential overexpression of Myc transcriptional targets and low expression of genes involved in sympathetic neuronal differentiation predicts relapse and death from disease. This was evident not only for high-risk patients but was also robust in identifying groups of poor prognosis patients who were otherwise judged to be at low- or intermediate-risk for adverse outcome. These data suggest that pathway-specific gene expression profiling might be useful in the clinic to adjust treatment strategies for children with neuroblastoma.
Aspects of Holographic Entanglement Entropy

This is an extended version of our short report [1], where a holographic interpretation of entanglement entropy in conformal field theories is proposed from AdS/CFT correspondence. In addition to a concise review of relevant recent progresses of entanglement entropy and details omitted in the earlier letter, this paper includes the following several new results: We give a more direct derivation of our claim which relates the entanglement entropy with the minimal area surfaces in the AdS3/CFT2 case as well as some further discussions on higher dimensional cases. Also the relation between the entanglement entropy and central charges in 4D conformal field theories is examined. We check that the logarithmic part of the 4D entanglement entropy computed in the CFT side agrees with the AdS5 result at least under a specific condition. Finally we estimate the entanglement entropy of massive theories in generic dimensions by making use of our proposal.
Performance bounds for the estimation of finite rate of innovation signals from noisy measurements

In this paper, we derive lower bounds on the estimation error of finite rate of innovation signals from noisy measurements. We first obtain a fundamental limit on the estimation accuracy attainable regardless of the sampling technique. Next, we provide a bound on the performance achievable using any specific sampling method. Essential differences between the noisy and noise-free cases arise from this analysis. In particular, we identify settings in which noise-free recovery techniques deteriorate substantially under slight noise levels, thus quantifying the numerical instability inherent in such methods. The results are illustrated in a time-delay estimation scenario.
Measuring the Three-dimensional Structure of Galaxy Clusters. I. Application to a Sample of 25 Clusters

We discuss a method to constrain the intrinsic shapes of galaxy clusters by combining X-ray and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich observations. The method is applied to a sample of 25 X-ray-selected clusters, with measured Sunyaev-Zel'dovich temperature decrements. The sample turns out to be slightly biased, with strongly elongated clusters preferentially aligned along the line of sight. This result demonstrates that X-ray-selected cluster samples may be affected by morphological and orientation effects, even if a relatively high threshold signal-to-noise ratio is used to select the sample. A large majority of the clusters in our sample exhibit a marked triaxial structure; the spherical hypothesis is strongly rejected for most sample members. Cooling-flow clusters do not show preferentially regular morphologies. We also show that identification of multiple gravitationally lensed images, together with measurements of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect and X-ray surface brightness, can provide a simultaneous determination of the three-dimensional structure of a cluster, of the Hubble constant, and of the cosmological energy density parameters.