Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Subcutaneous Hyalohyphomycosis Caused byColletotrichum gloeosporioides

ABSTRACT The coelomycete Colletotrichum gloeosporioides was isolated in pure culture from subcutaneous nodules of the left forearm and elbow of a farmer after traumatic injury. To our knowledge, we report the first case involving this fungus as an etiological agent of subcutaneous infection. The in vitro inhibitory activities of amphotericin B, itraconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, flucytosine, and fluconazole were studied.
Bone morphogenetic protein‐7 reduces the severity of colon tissue damage and accelerates the healing of inflammatory bowel disease in rats

Bone morphogenetic protein‐7 (BMP‐7) is a growth and differentiation factor and belongs to the TGF‐β superfamily of proteins. Previous studies have shown an abundant expression of BMP‐7 in the developing intestine and an association with a perturbed BMP/SMAD downstream signaling leading to a malignant phenotype and inflammation in the gut. In the present study, we have evaluated the effect of systemically administered recombinant human BMP‐7 against trinitrobenzenesulfonic (TNBS) acid induced inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in rats. The TNBS administered rats treated with BMP‐7 have developed much less severe form of colitis based on macroscopic and histological scoring when administered 1.5 h before or 24 h after colitis induction. Bioavailability studies in healthy rats have revealed that significant portion (3.6%) of i.v. administered BMP‐7 is targeted for BMP‐7 receptors in the stomach and ileum, respectively, suggesting its availability to target tissue upon administration. Immunohistochemical and RT‐PCR analyses have shown elevated expression of pro‐inflammatory (IL‐6, TNF‐β, ICAM‐1) and pro‐fibrogenic (TGF‐β) cytokines, and BMP‐7 treatment significantly reduced their expression in the intestine; among which the suppression of IL‐6 appeared to be the most important. Taken together, the results of this study suggest that BMP‐7 plays an important role in the regulation of anti‐inflammatory response in the adult gut tissue. J. Cell. Physiol. 196: 258–264, 2003. © 2003 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Testing ZigBee Motes for Monitoring Refrigerated Vegetable Transportation under Real Conditions

Quality control and monitoring of perishable goods during transportation and delivery services is an increasing concern for producers, suppliers, transport decision makers and consumers. The major challenge is to ensure a continuous ‘cold chain’ from producer to consumer in order to guaranty prime condition of goods. In this framework, the suitability of ZigBee protocol for monitoring refrigerated transportation has been proposed by several authors. However, up to date there was not any experimental work performed under real conditions. Thus, the main objective of our experiment was to test wireless sensor motes based in the ZigBee/IEEE 802.15. 4 protocol during a real shipment. The experiment was conducted in a refrigerated truck traveling through two countries (Spain and France) which means a journey of 1,051 kilometers. The paper illustrates the great potential of this type of motes, providing information about several parameters such as temperature, relative humidity, door openings and truck stops. Psychrometric charts have also been developed for improving the knowledge about water loss and condensation on the product during shipments.
Better Rates for Any Adversarial Deterministic MDP

We consider regret minimization in adversarial deterministic Markov Decision Processes (ADMDPs) with bandit feedback. We devise a new algorithm that pushes the state-of-the-art forward in two ways: First, it attains a regret of O(T2/3) with respect to the best fixed policy in hindsight, whereas the previous best regret bound was O(T3/4). Second, the algorithm and its analysis are compatible with any feasible ADMDP graph topology, while all previous approaches required additional restrictions on the graph topology.
Cyanoacrylate Injection Compared with Band Ligation for Acute Gastric Variceal Hemorrhage: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and Observational Studies

Background. Cyanoacrylate injection (GVO) and band ligation (GVL) are effective treatments for gastric variceal hemorrhage. However, data on the optimal treatment are still controversial. Methods. For our overall analysis, relevant studies were identified from several databases. For each outcome, data were pooled using a fixed-effect or random-effects model according to the result of a heterogeneity test. Results. Seven studies were included. Compared with GVL, GVO was associated with increased likelihood of hemostasis of active bleeding (odds ratio [OR] = 2.32; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19–4.51) and a longer gastric variceal rebleeding-free period (hazard ratio = 0.37; 95% CI = 0.24–0.56). No significant differences were observed between GVL and GVO for mortality (hazard ratio = 0.66; 95% CI = 0.43–1.02), likelihood of variceal obliteration (OR = 0.89; 95% CI = 0.52–1.54), number of treatment sessions required for complete variceal eradication (weighted mean difference = −0.45; 95% CI = −1.14–0.23), or complications (OR = 1.02; 95% CI = 0.48–2.19). Conclusion. GVO may be superior to GVL for achieving hemostasis and preventing recurrence of gastric variceal rebleeding but has no advantage over GVL for mortality and complications. Additional studies are warranted to enable definitive conclusions.
Resolution of inflammation: therapeutic potential of pro-resolving lipids in type 2 diabetes mellitus and associated renal complications

The role of inflammation in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and its associated complications is increasingly recognized. The resolution of inflammation is actively regulated by endogenously produced lipid mediators such as lipoxins, resolvins, protectins, and maresins. Here we review the potential role of these lipid mediators in diabetes-associated pathologies, specifically focusing on adipose inflammation and diabetic kidney disease, i.e., diabetic nephropathy (DN). DN is one of the major complications of T2DM and we propose that pro-resolving lipid mediators may have therapeutic potential in this context. Adipose inflammation is also an important component of T2DM-associated insulin resistance and altered adipokine secretion. Promoting the resolution of adipose inflammation would therefore likely be a beneficial therapeutic approach in T2DM.
Closeness and conflict in schools: positive behavioral interventions and supports (PBIS) and teacher perception of student behavior and student-teacher rapport

This study measured elementary teachers’ perceptions regarding the fidelity to which PBIS has been implemented in their school, and the impact that PBIS has had on student behavior and student-teacher rapport. Participant responses (N=175) were analyzed using correlation, regression, t-test, and ANOVA. Demographic variables included teacher gender, current grade taught, Title I/non-Title I school placement, years of teaching experience, years of PBIS implementation, and teacher perception of PBIS implementation fidelity. The primary focus of this study was to compare teachers’ perception of the impact PBIS has on student behavior and the impact PBIS has on student-teacher rapport. The study’s primary findings indicate that gender, current grade taught, Title I school placement, and years of teaching experience are not significant variables in teachers’ overall perceptions related to student behavior or student-teacher rapport. Most notably, years of PBIS implementation was found to be negatively correlated with perception of student-teacher rapport (p=<.01, r= -.215), suggesting that teachers’ perceptions of student-teacher rapport become increasingly negative with each year of PBIS. Additional findings related to specific survey items found that years of teaching experience was positively correlated with increasingly positive views of PBIS impact on studentteacher rapport (Items #16,17,18,19), and Title I school teachers held a significantly more positive view of student-teacher rapport (Item #14). Positive correlations were found between perception of PBIS implementation fidelity and both perception of PBIS impact on student behavior (p=<.001, r=.494) and student-teacher rapport (p=<.001, r=.535), as well as between teacher perception of PBIS impact on student behavior and PBIS impact on student-teacher rapport (p=<.001, r=.761). Implications for future research and practice are also discussed.
Regional variations in wheezing illness in British children: effect of migration during early childhood.

STUDY OBJECTIVE--The aim was to examine the regional distribution of wheezing illness among British children, and the age at which geographical differences may be determined. DESIGN--Cross sectional analyses and study of interregional migrants were used. SUBJECTS--The subjects were national cohorts of British children born in 1958 and 1970. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS--The regional distribution of wheezing illness showed significant heterogeneity at age 5 (1970 cohort) and 7 (1958 cohort). In both cohorts, children in Scotland had a low prevalence of wheeze, which could not be attributed to underreporting of mild cases. There was a less consistent tendency for high prevalence in Wales, and in the South Western and Midlands regions of England. In the 1958 cohort, the regional differentials diminished progressively with age and were negligible at age 23. There was a poor correlation between the regional distribution of childhood asthma and the common geographical pattern shown by eczema in infancy and hay fever at age 23. Analysis of interregional migrants suggested that the regional variation in each cohort at age 5-7 was primarily related to the region of current residence, and not to the region of birth. CONCLUSIONS--Genetic constitution, perinatal exposures, or early childhood experiences are unlikely to account for the regional variation in wheezing illness. Although local patterns of symptom reporting or disease labelling may be acquired by parents who move to a new region, environmental factors operating at a regional level probably determine the prevalence of asthma in primary school children. These influences do not appear to have long lasting effects upon the tendency to wheeze in adolescence and early adulthood.
Regenerative therapy of osseous defects combined with orthodontic tooth movement.

BACKGROUND Combined orthodontic/regenerative therapy can resolve complex clinical problems and enhance bone formation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of different times of initiating the active orthodontic tooth movement on the regenerative potential of the intrabony defects. METHODS Fifteen adult patients with at least three intrabony defects and malocclusion were included. A total of 45 defects were divided into three groups and treated in a split mouth design. The defects were treated with combined orthodontic regenerative therapy with immediate application of orthodontic tooth movement or delayed application of orthodontic tooth movement (test groups) or with regenerative therapy alone (control group). The following hard and soft tissue measurements were recorded prior to initial surgery and after six months and one year: probing depth (DP), clinical attachment level (CAL), bone density (BD) and bone fill (BF). RESULTS The most significant results were greater for the group treated with combined orthodontic/regenerative therapy with immediate orthodontic tooth movement. The measures for PD reduction and clinical attachment level gain were 4 +/- 0.8 and 5.1 +/- 1.4 mm respectively for immediate application of orthodontic tooth movement, and 3.7 +/- 0.9 and 4.3 +/- 0.6 mm with delayed application of orthodontic movement two months later. Moreover, immediate orthodontic tooth movement showed the most significant increase in bone density and bone fill, which reached 74.2 +/- 14.2 and 3.7 +/- 1.1 mm respectively at the end of the study period. CONCLUSION This study evaluated the effect of orthodontic tooth movement on enhancement of periodontal regenerative outcomes. The results demonstrated that a significant improvement in clinical and radiographic parameters was observed. When comparing the different groups, a statistically significant difference was found with immediate application of orthodontic tooth movement.
What Makes an Exemplary Teacher of Science? The Pupils' Perspective.

Questionnaires were completed by 5044 12-year-old pupils in Oxfordshire state schools and initially used to identify classes where the pupils were more positive and enthusiastic about their science lessons than the majority. The teachers of these classes were identified and the views of their pupils as to what happens in their science lessons obtained from the questionnaires. The factors that emerged as key components of good practice in science lessons were: teachers being good explainers; pupils engaged in practical work; the encouragement of thinking and discussion; and contextualisation of the science. The uniqueness of this study is in terms of its scale and the use of 'pupil voice' both to identify 'exemplary' teachers and to explore their practice.
Conflicting Intuitions about Ethical Investment: A Survey among Individual Investors

This present paper relates the results of an exploratory survey distributed among individuals invested in so-called ethical (or socially responsible) mutual funds, and attempts to develop a better understanding of these individuals’ ethical beliefs – especially concerning whether, or why, they think that the practices of contemporary ethical funds indeed are ethical. Survey questions were informed by the contemporary philosophical literature pertaining to the ethics of investing and designed to elicit the respondents’ basic intuitions about the ethics of different investment strategies. Our results indicate that respondents show considerable support for both a moral purity perspective and a moral effectiveness perspective, and they seem to find it difficult to choose between these perspectives. Indeed, we find that this is not just a conflict between different groups of investors with different moral outlooks, but many individuals themselves seem to be struggling with conflicting ethical intuitions. We argue that these results are incompatible with the idea that ethical investors refrain from thinking systematically about ethics simply in order to be able to get away with also investing in non-ethical funds. A more probable explanation is developed building on the contemporary psychological literature concerning intuitions in ethics.
Optimizing the Information Retrieval Trade-off in Data Visualization Using $α$-Divergence

Data visualization is one of the major applications of nonlinear dimensionality reduction. From the information retrieval perspective, the quality of a visualization can be evaluated by considering the extent that the neighborhood relation of each data point is maintained while the number of unrelated points that are retrieved is minimized. This property can be quantified as a trade-off between the mean precision and mean recall of the visualization. While there have been some approaches to formulate the visualization objective directly as a weighted sum of the precision and recall, there is no systematic way to determine the optimal trade-off between these two nor a clear interpretation of the optimal value. In this paper, we investigate the properties of $\alpha$-divergence for information visualization, focusing our attention on a particular range of $\alpha$ values. We show that the minimization of the new cost function corresponds to maximizing a geometric mean between precision and recall, parameterized by $\alpha$. Contrary to some earlier methods, no hand-tuning is needed, but we can rigorously estimate the optimal value of $\alpha$ for a given input data. For this, we provide a statistical framework using a novel distribution called Exponential Divergence with Augmentation (EDA). By the extensive set of experiments, we show that the optimal value of $\alpha$, obtained by EDA corresponds to the optimal trade-off between the precision and recall for a given data distribution.
Hyperfine-structure measurements of the 151,153Eu+ ground state.

The laser rf double-resonance technique in a Paul trap has been used to make high-precision measurements of the hyperfine structure (hfs) of the 4[ital f][sup 7]([sup 8][ital S][sub 7/2])6[ital s] [sup 9][ital S][sub 4] ground state in [sup 151,153]Eu[sup +]. We have obtained linewidths below 1 kHz for the magnetic-field-dependent rf transitions at frequencies between 1.7 and 10 GHz. After corrections for the second-order hfs we obtain values for the magnetic-dipole, electric-quadrupole, magnetic-octupole, and electric-hexadecapole interaction constants.
Multiculturalism and Education

Series Editors' Preface Preface for New Edition Acknowledgements for Second Edition 1. Introduction 2. Conceptual, Social and Education Policy Background 3. Is Multiculturalism dead? Is Britain Sleepwalking to Segregation? 4. Faith Schools and Multiculturalism 5. Multiculturalism and Education 6. The Potential of Citizenship When Reflecting on Multiculturalism and Education 7. From Multicultural Citizenship to Integrationist Citizenship Author Index Subject Index Bibliography
An RNN-Based Quantized F0 Model with Multi-Tier Feedback Links for Text-to-Speech Synthesis

A recurrent-neural-network-based F0 model for text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis that generates F0 contours given textual features is proposed. In contrast to related F0 models, the proposed one is designed to learn the temporal correlation of F0 contours at multiple levels. The frame-level correlation is covered by feeding back the F0 output of the previous frame as the additional input of the current frame; meanwhile, the correlation over long-time spans is similarly modeled but by using F0 features aggregated over the phoneme and syllable. Another difference is that the output of the proposed model is not the interpolated continuous-valued F0 contour but rather a sequence of discrete symbols, including quantized F0 levels and a symbol for the unvoiced condition. By using the discrete F0 symbols, the proposed model avoids the inﬂuence of artiﬁcially interpolated F0 curves. Experiments demonstrated that the proposed F0 model, which was trained using a dropout strategy, generated smooth F0 contours with relatively better perceived quality than those from baseline RNN models.
Die Bedeutung des motivationsrelevanten Erlebens und des individuellen Fachinteresses für das situationale Interesse im Mathematikunterricht

The present study analyses preconditions and different manifestations of content-related motivational processes during school lessons based on the theoretical concept of situational interest. Within this framework, two developmental phases are distinguished: the first appearance of situational interest (SI-Catch) and a constitutive, stabilized situational interest (SI-Hold). The present contribution investigates the importance of the emotional experiences of autonomy, competence, and relatedness for both developmental phases and the relevance of an individual subject-related interest for situational interest. For that purpose, N=951 8th grade students from 38 classes were surveyed immediately after a math lesson. The obtained results indicate that the function of the emotional experiences varies depending on the different developmental phases of the situational interest. The subject-related interest proves to be a meaningful predictor of both phases of situational interest.
RSA prediction of high failure rate for the uncoated Interax TKA confirmed by meta-analysis

Background and purpose In a previous radiostereometric (RSA) trial the uncoated, uncemented, Interax tibial components showed excessive migration within 2 years compared to HA-coated and cemented tibial components. It was predicted that this type of fixation would have a high failure rate. The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate whether this RSA prediction was correct. Materials and methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the revision rate for aseptic loosening of the uncoated and cemented Interax tibial components. Results 3 studies were included, involving 349 Interax total knee arthroplasties (TKAs) for the comparison of uncoated and cemented fixation. There were 30 revisions: 27 uncoated and 3 cemented components. There was a 3-times higher revision rate for the uncoated Interax components than that for cemented Interax components (OR = 3; 95% CI: 1.4–7.2). Interpretation This meta-analysis confirms the prediction of a previous RSA trial. The uncoated Interax components showed the highest migration and turned out to have the highest revision rate for aseptic loosening. RSA appears to enable efficient detection of an inferior design as early as 2 years postoperatively in a small group of patients.
STUDIES ON THE MODE OF ACTION OF DIPHTHERIA TOXIN

Using the technique of radioautography, it has been shown that a probable maximum of only 25–50 molecules iodine-125-labeled toxin per cell is bound by human HeLa cells treated with approximately 107 molecules of toxin per cell, or just under one saturating dose. Radioautographs of sections from labeled cells locate most if not all of the toxin molecules fixed to the outer cell membrane. Under identical conditions far less label is taken up by mouse L cells. It is probable that the resistance of this species to diphtheria toxin can be accounted for in terms of the failure of mouse cells to bind the toxin protein. The irreversible inhibition of protein synthesis in a living cell culture by a few molecules of toxin located at the cell surface is discussed in relation to the known interaction between toxin, NAD, and transferase II in mammalian cell extracts.
Optimal Combination of Base Station Densities for Energy-Efficient Two-Tier Heterogeneous Cellular Networks

In this paper, the optimal BS (Base Station) density for both homogeneous and heterogeneous cellular networks to minimize network energy cost is analyzed with stochastic geometry theory. For homogeneous cellular networks, both upper and lower bounds of the optimal BS density are derived. For heterogeneous cellular networks, our analysis reveals the best type of BSs to be deployed for capacity extension, or to be switched off for energy saving. Specifically, if the ratio between the micro BS cost and the macro BS cost is lower than a threshold, which is a function of path loss and their transmit power, then the optimal strategy is to deploy micro BSs for capacity extension or to switch off macro BSs (if possible) for energy saving with higher priority. Otherwise, the optimal strategy is the opposite. The optimal combination of macro and micro BS densities can be calculated numerically through our analysis, or alternatively be conservatively approximated with a closed-form solution. Based on the parameters from EARTH, numerical results show that in the dense urban scenario, compared to the traditional macro-only homogeneous cellular network with no BS sleeping, deploying micro BSs can reduce about 40% of the total energy cost, and further reduce up to 35% with BS sleeping capability.