Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The P2Y2 Nucleotide Receptor Mediates the Proliferation and Migration of Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Induced by ATP*

Background: Hepatocarcinogenesis is a complex process that involves various modifications to a number of molecular pathways. Results: The P2Y2 receptor (P2Y2R) mediates the effect of ATP on the cellular behavior of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells through store-operated calcium channel (SOCs)-mediated Ca2+ signaling. Conclusion: P2Y2R is involved in the development and progression of HCC. Significance: P2Y2R may be a promising therapeutic target against human HCC. ATP is an abundant biochemical component of the tumor microenvironment and a physiologic ligand for the P2Y2 nucleotide receptor (P2Y2R). In this study, we investigated the effect of ATP on the cellular behavior of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells and the role of P2Y2R in ATP action and aimed to find a new therapeutic target against HCC. The experiments were performed in native isolated human HCC cells, normal hepatocytes, human HCC cell lines, and nude mice. We found that the mRNA and protein expression levels of P2Y2R in native human HCC cells and the human HCC cell lines HepG2 and BEL-7404 were enhanced markedly compared with human normal hepatocytes and the normal hepatocyte line LO2, respectively. ATP induced intracellular Ca2+ increases in HCC cells and promoted the proliferation and migration of HCC cells and the growth of HCC in nude mice. The P2Y receptor antagonist suramin, P2Y2R-specific shRNA, the store-operated calcium channel inhibitors 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) and 1-(β-3-(4-methoxy-phenyl) propoxyl-4-methoxyphenethyl)1H-imidazole-hydrochloride (SKF96365), and stromal interaction molecule (STIM1)-specific shRNA inhibited the action of ATP on HCC cells. In conclusion, P2Y2R mediated the action of ATP on the cellular behavior of HCC cells through store-operated calcium channel-mediated Ca2+ signaling, and targeting P2Y2R may be a promising therapeutic strategy against human HCC.
What defines mindfulness-based programs? The warp and the weft

There has been an explosion of interest in mindfulness-based programs (MBPs) such as Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Mindfulness-Based Cognitive Therapy. This is demonstrated in increased research, implementation of MBPs in healthcare, educational, criminal justice and workplace settings, and in mainstream interest. For the sustainable development of the field there is a need to articulate a definition of what an MBP is and what it is not. This paper provides a framework to define the essential characteristics of the family of MBPs originating from the parent program MBSR, and the processes which inform adaptations of MBPs for different populations or contexts. The framework addresses the essential characteristics of the program and of teacher. MBPs: are informed by theories and practices that draw from a confluence of contemplative traditions, science, and the major disciplines of medicine, psychology and education; underpinned by a model of human experience which addresses the causes of human distress and the pathways to relieving it; develop a new relationship with experience characterized by present moment focus, decentering and an approach orientation; catalyze the development of qualities such as joy, compassion, wisdom, equanimity and greater attentional, emotional and behavioral self-regulation, and engage participants in a sustained intensive training in mindfulness meditation practice, in an experiential inquiry-based learning process and in exercises to develop understanding. The paper's aim is to support clarity, which will in turn support the systematic development of MBP research, and the integrity of the field during the process of implementation in the mainstream.
Perspectives on evidence-based practice from consumers in the US public mental health system.

RATIONALE, AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Evidence-based practice (EBP) is a matter of mental health policy in USA. Supporters find it useful in two forms, as generating a list of approved practices and as providing information to practitioners and consumers engaged in shared decision making. Almost nothing has been written about consumer perspectives on EBP. Given that they play an important role in the second form of EBP, this study explores the range and logic of these perspectives and of related views about the role of information in decision making. METHODS Four focus groups (n = 38) were held in two settings in a Midwestern state in 2005. Thirty-nine face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted at three settings in 2006. Focus group members and interviewees were seriously mentally ill consumers in the public mental health system. Focus group sessions and interviews were audiotaped and transcribed. Thematic categories and subcategories were analysed. RESULTS Focus group members and interviewees varied among themselves and between groups in their responses, but three major thematic categories emerged in both groups - consumers have positive and negative attitudes towards evidence; consumers seek and receive information from multiple sources; and consumers have competing and complementary principles for decision making. Interviews revealed that although real shared decision making is rare, consumers want to and may be involved in decisions about their care. CONCLUSIONS EBP per se has mostly by-passed consumers in the public mental health system, but at least some want to be better informed about and more involved in their care. Their misgivings about evidence are reasonable and resonate with the principles of the recovery movement.
Extensive Cochleotopic Mapping of Human Auditory Cortical Fields Obtained with Phase-Encoding fMRI

The primary sensory cortices are characterized by a topographical mapping of basic sensory features which is considered to deteriorate in higher-order areas in favor of complex sensory features. Recently, however, retinotopic maps were also discovered in the higher-order visual, parietal and prefrontal cortices. The discovery of these maps enabled the distinction between visual regions, clarified their function and hierarchical processing. Could such extension of topographical mapping to high-order processing regions apply to the auditory modality as well? This question has been studied previously in animal models but only sporadically in humans, whose anatomical and functional organization may differ from that of animals (e.g. unique verbal functions and Heschl's gyrus curvature). Here we applied fMRI spectral analysis to investigate the cochleotopic organization of the human cerebral cortex. We found multiple mirror-symmetric novel cochleotopic maps covering most of the core and high-order human auditory cortex, including regions considered non-cochleotopic, stretching all the way to the superior temporal sulcus. These maps suggest that topographical mapping persists well beyond the auditory core and belt, and that the mirror-symmetry of topographical preferences may be a fundamental principle across sensory modalities.
Modern Prescription Theory and Application: Realistic Expectations for Speech Recognition With Hearing Aids

A major decision at the time of hearing aid fitting and dispensing is the amount of amplification to provide listeners (both adult and pediatric populations) for the appropriate compensation of sensorineural hearing impairment across a range of frequencies (e.g., 160–10000 Hz) and input levels (e.g., 50–75 dB sound pressure level). This article describes modern prescription theory for hearing aids within the context of a risk versus return trade-off and efficient frontier analyses. The expected return of amplification recommendations (i.e., generic prescriptions such as National Acoustic Laboratories—Non-Linear 2, NAL-NL2, and Desired Sensation Level Multiple Input/Output, DSL m[i/o]) for the Speech Intelligibility Index (SII) and high-frequency audibility were traded against a potential risk (i.e., loudness). The modeled performance of each prescription was compared one with another and with the efficient frontier of normal hearing sensitivity (i.e., a reference point for the most return with the least risk). For the pediatric population, NAL-NL2 was more efficient for SII, while DSL m[i/o] was more efficient for high-frequency audibility. For the adult population, NAL-NL2 was more efficient for SII, while the two prescriptions were similar with regard to high-frequency audibility. In terms of absolute return (i.e., not considering the risk of loudness), however, DSL m[i/o] prescribed more outright high-frequency audibility than NAL-NL2 for either aged population, particularly, as hearing loss increased. Given the principles and demonstrated accuracy of desensitization (reduced utility of audibility with increasing hearing loss) observed at the group level, additional high-frequency audibility beyond that of NAL-NL2 is not expected to make further contributions to speech intelligibility (recognition) for the average listener.
A validation study of patient interview data and pharmacy records for antihypertensive, statin, and antidepressant medication use among older women.

A validation study evaluated the accuracy of self-reported use of commonly used medications among older women. Within a case-control study of breast cancer, drug information was ascertained by interview. Pharmacy records from 1990 to 1999 were obtained from a Washington State health maintenance organization (66% of subjects) and retail pharmacies (34% of subjects) on a sample of subjects (212 cases, 191 controls) and used as the "gold standard. " Recall accuracy was assessed for 6-month, 2-year, and 8-year time windows. Sensitivity of antihypertensive use was 92% (95% confidence interval (CI): 85, 96) for cases and controls in the 6-month period and slightly lower for the 2-year (90% (95% CI: 82, 94) and 87% (95% CI: 78, 92)) and 8-year (80% (95% CI: 69, 88) and 79% (95% CI: 68, 88)) periods. For statins, sensitivity was 83% (95% CI: 64, 93) for cases and 93% (95% CI: 69, 99) for controls in the 6-month period, 75% (95% CI: 55, 88) and 86% (95% CI: 60, 96) in the 2-year period, and 67% (95% CI: 42, 85) and 75% (95% CI: 41, 93) in the 8-year period. For self-report of antidepressants, sensitivities ranged from 66% (95% CI: 47, 80) in the 6-month period to 44% (95% CI: 30, 60) in the 8-year period. Specificity was high among all drug classes, ranging from 91% to 100%. Recall did not differ by case-control status. Trivial changes in estimates were observed when health maintenance organization records alone were used as the gold standard. Self-reported use of antihypertensives and statins appears to be relatively accurate among older women.
Mieux connaître le consommateur socialement responsable

Cet article s’intéresse au thème de la consommation socialement responsable. Plus particulièrement, il vise un triple objectif: premièrement mieux connaître les préoccupations du consommateur responsable, deuxièmement identifier son profil sociodémographique, et enfin comprendre l’écart entre les déclarations des répondants et leur pratiques d’achat au quotidien. Pour cela, une échelle de CSR a été construite, puis une analyse multidimensionnelle a été menée dans un second temps. Elle montre que l’âge, le sexe et la CSP jouent un rôle important sur le sujet. Finalement, l’article étudie les nombreux freins à la CSR .
THE K2-ESPRINT PROJECT. I. DISCOVERY OF THE DISINTEGRATING ROCKY PLANET K2-22b WITH A COMETARY HEAD AND LEADING TAIL

We present the discovery of a transiting exoplanet candidate in the K2 Field-1 with an orbital period of 9.1457 hr: K2-22b. The highly variable transit depths, ranging from ∼0% to 1.3%, are suggestive of a planet that is disintegrating via the emission of dusty effluents. We characterize the host star as an M-dwarf with Teff ≃ 3800 K. We have obtained ground-based transit measurements with several 1-m class telescopes and with the GTC. These observations (1) improve the transit ephemeris; (2) confirm the variable nature of the transit depths; (3) indicate variations in the transit shapes; and (4) demonstrate clearly that at least on one occasion the transit depths were significantly wavelength dependent. The latter three effects tend to indicate extinction of starlight by dust rather than by any combination of solid bodies. The K2 observations yield a folded light curve with lower time resolution but with substantially better statistical precision compared with the ground-based observations. We detect a significant “bump” just after the transit egress, and a less significant bump just prior to transit ingress. We interpret these bumps in the context of a planet that is not only likely streaming a dust tail behind it, but also has a more prominent leading dust trail that precedes it. This effect is modeled in terms of dust grains that can escape to beyond the planet's Hill sphere and effectively undergo “Roche lobe overflow,” even though the planet's surface is likely underfilling its Roche lobe by a factor of 2.
Caching with Expiration Times for Internet Applications

Caching data together with expiration times beyond which the data are no longer valid is a standard method for promoting information coherence in distributed systems, including the Internet, theWorld WideWeb (WWW), and Peer-to-Peer (P2P) networks. We use the framework of competitive analysis of online algorithms and study upper and lower bounds for page eviction strategies in the case where data have expiration times. We show that minimal adaptations of marking algorithms achieve performance similar to that of the well-studied case of caching without the expiration time constraint. Marking algorithms include the widely-used Least Recently Used (LRU) eviction policy. In practice, when data have expiration times, the LRU eviction policy is used widely, often without any consideration of expiration times. Our results explain and justify this standard practice.
Identified Sources and Targets of Slow Inhibition in the Neocortex

There are two types of inhibitory postsynaptic potentials in the cerebral cortex. Fast inhibition is mediated by ionotropic γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors, and slow inhibition is due to metabotropic GABAB receptors. Several neuron classes elicit inhibitory postsynaptic potentials through GABAA receptors, but possible distinct sources of slow inhibition remain unknown. We identified a class of GABAergic interneurons, the neurogliaform cells, that, in contrast to other GABA-releasing cells, elicited combined GABAA and GABAB receptor–mediated responses with single action potentials and that predominantly targeted the dendritic spines of pyramidal neurons. Slow inhibition evoked by a distinct interneuron in spatially restricted postsynaptic compartments could locally and selectively modulate cortical excitability.
Diffractive Possibilities: Cultural Studies and Quantification

Cultural studies have not shared the widespread belief in quantitative methods. On one hand, the dominant orientation of quantitative social science research continues to hold on to positivist assumptions of objectivity and the privileged access to the “truths” of natural phenomena via the logics of mathematics. On other hand, cultural studies have maintained a hermeneutics of suspicion toward the methods of quantification. But, to what extent does this suspicion toward quantitative inquiry compromise the deconstructive project of cultural studies by falling into the trap of the quantitative/qualitative and, related, nature/culture binaries? Building on new materialist ideas, the author develops an ontological reconfiguring of measurement and statistics that is informed by Barad's (2006) post‐humanist performativity and diffractive method. The post‐humanist deconstructive interventions on the nature/culture binary enable us to rethink the critical possibilities of quantification for the materialist analysis of power relations in cultural studies.
A big-data model for multi-modal public transportation with application to macroscopic control and optimisation

This paper describes a Markov-chain-based approach to modelling multi-modal transportation networks. An advantage of the model is the ability to accommodate complex dynamics and handle huge amounts of data. The transition matrix of the Markov chain is built and the model is validated using the data extracted from a traffic simulator. A realistic test-case using multi-modal data from the city of London is given to further support the ability of the proposed methodology to handle big quantities of data. Then, we use the Markov chain as a control tool to improve the overall efficiency of a transportation network, and some practical examples are described to illustrate the potentials of the approach.
Diferulates as structural components in soluble and insoluble cereal dietary fibre

Cell wall cross-linking can have a substantial effect on the properties of the wall. To estimate cross-linking (between arabinoxylans) in cereal fibres, dehydrodiferulate levels were measured in soluble and insoluble dietary fibre (SDF and IDF) isolated from whole grains of maize (Zea mays L), wheat (Triticum aestivum L), spelt (Triticum spelta L), rice (Oryza sativa L), wild rice (Zizania aquatica L), barley (Hordeum vulgare L), rye (Secale cereale L), oat (Avena sativa L) and millet (Panicum miliaceum L). After saponification of the cereal fibres the extracts were investigated for dehydrodimers of ferulic acid using GLC–MS and GLC–FID. From most cereal IDF the whole spectrum of dehydrodiferulic acids (DFAs) (8-5′-, 8-8′-, 5-5′-, 8-O-4′- and 4-O-5′-coupled) could be identified. The absolute contents of total DFAs ranged between 2.4 and 12.6 mg g−1. With the exception of 4-O-5′-coupled DFA, the whole range of DFAs was also detected from cereal SDF but only in amounts of 40–230 µg g−1. It was estimated that arabinoxylans of cereal IDF contain 8–39 times more diferulates than arabinoxylans of cereal SDF (where measurement of DFA levels in SDF was possible). In cereal IDF, 8-5′-coupled dimers dominated, whereas in cereal SDF, 8-8′-coupled dimers were relatively enhanced and often became the major dimers. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry
Optimal Security Response to Attacks on Open Science Grids

Abstract Cybersecurity is a growing concern, especially in open grids, where attack propagation iseasy because of prevalent collaborations among thousands of users and hundreds of institu-tions. The collaboration rules that typically govern large science experiments as well as socialnetworks of scientists span across the institutional security boundaries. A common concern isthat the increased openness may allow malicious attackers to spread more readily around thegrid.We consider how to optimally respond to attacks in open grid environments. To showhow and why attacks spread more readily around the grid, we ﬁrst discuss how collaborationsmanifest themselves in the grids and how this collaboration model affects the security riskmodel of grid participants. We present a new grid model and use optimization techniques tocalculate the security risk associated with each grid participant. Given an attack scenario, ouroptimizationmodelaimstominimizethreatlevelsatunaffectedparticipantswhilemaximizingthe uninterrupted scientiﬁc production (continuing collaborations). By manipulating some ofthe collaboration rules (e.g., suspending a collaboration or shutting down a site), the modelﬁnds optimal response scenarios to contain an attack scenario.
Dominance as Expressed and Inferred Through Speaking Time

Differences in speaking time during a group interaction are hypothesized to reflect differences in individual dominance. In order to test this assumption and to identify potential moderator variables influencing the strength of the predicted association, a meta-analysis was conducted. Whether speaking time is used to convey dominance to the same extent that it is used in inferring dominance was tested by contrasting studies concerned with dominance expressed in speaking time with studies of inferred dominance based on speaking time. Overall, and for the investigated subcategories of studies, the relationship between dominance and speaking time was significant. The strength of the associations, however, differed considerably due to the influence of moderator variables. The results showed that inferred dominance studies showed stronger associations between speaking time and dominance as opposed to the expressed dominance studies. Additionally, if dominance was expressed due to dominance-role assignments, the association between speaking time and dominance was stronger than if individuals with different levels of trait dominance interacted. For men, the association between speaking time and dominance was stronger than for women, and same-gender groups showed stronger associations than opposite-gender groups. Also, increasing group size intensified the strength of the association linearly.
National estimates of teenage sexual activity: Evaluating the comparability of three national surveys

In this article, we examine the reliability with which teenage sexual activity was reported in three recent national surveys. Unlike other study-effects analyses of objective demographic phenomena such as births and marriages, ours focuses on a more sensitive question—age at first intercourse as reported in three very different surveys. Specifically, we compare reports for the 1959–1963 cohort in the 1979 Kantner-Zelnik Study of Young Women, the 1982 National Survey of Family Growth, and the 1983 wave of the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth. For the ages when the majority of teens become sexually active (16–19), the three surveys provide comparable estimates of early sexual activity. For the younger teen ages, however, there is some disagreement among the estimates. Nevertheless, all three studies produce consistent estimates of the determinants of sexual activity throughout the teen years.
Hormones and the human voice.

THE importance of the hormonal system in the regulation of count-less body functions has been known for a long time, and the pathology of glandular imbalances and deficiencies is the subject of a vast literature. Yet little attention has been paid to the effects of hormones on the human voice. Most of the studies and observations of hormonally induced dysphonia, such as Luchsinger's1 excellent review, have been published in phoniatric and laryngologic journals and books, where they do not reach the general practitioner, the internist, and the gynecologist-all of whom need to be better informed on this subject.
Multidimensional mSUGRA likelihood maps

We calculate the likelihood map in the full 7-dimensional parameter space of the minimal supersymmetric standard model assuming universal boundary conditions on the supersymmetry breaking terms. Simultaneous variations of m{sub 0}, A{sub 0}, M{sub 1/2}, tan{beta}, m{sub t}, m{sub b} and {alpha}{sub s}(M{sub Z}) are applied using a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. We use measurements of b{yields}s{gamma}, (g-2){sub {mu}} and {omega}{sub DM}h{sup 2} in order to constrain the model. We present likelihood distributions for some of the sparticle masses, for the branching ratio of B{sub s}{sup 0}{yields}{mu}{sup +}{mu}{sup -} and for m{sub {tau}}{sub -tilde}-m{sub {chi}{sub 1}{sup 0}}. An upper limit of 2x10{sup -8} on this branching ratio might be achieved at the Tevatron, and would rule out 29% of the currently allowed likelihood. If one allows for non-thermal-neutralino components of dark matter, this fraction becomes 35%. The mass ordering allows the important cascade decay q-tilde{sub L}{yields}{chi}{sub 2}{sup 0}{yields}l-tilde{sub R}{yields}{chi}{sub 1}{sup 0} with a likelihood of 24{+-}4%. The stop-coannihilation region is highly disfavored, whereas the light Higgs region is marginally disfavored.