Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Marker of Homologous Recombination Predicts Pathologic Complete Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Primary Breast Cancer

Purpose: To assess the prevalence of defective homologous recombination (HR)-based DNA repair in sporadic primary breast cancers, examine the clincopathologic features that correlate with defective HR and the relationship with neoadjuvant chemotherapy response. Experimental Design: We examined a cohort of 68 patients with sporadic primary breast cancer who received neoadjuvant anthracylcine-based chemotherapy, with core biopsies taken 24 hours after the first cycle of chemotherapy. We assessed RAD51 focus formation, a marker of HR competence, by immunofluorescence in postchemotherapy biopsies along with geminin as a marker of proliferative cells. We assessed the RAD51 score as the proportion of proliferative cells with RAD51 foci. Results: A low RAD51 score was present in 26% of cases (15/57, 95% CI: 15%–40%). Low RAD51 score correlated with high histologic grade (P = 0.031) and high baseline Ki67 (P = 0.005). Low RAD51 score was more frequent in triple-negative breast cancers than in ER- and/or HER2-positive breast cancer (67% vs. 19% respectively; P = 0.0036). Low RAD51 score was strongly predictive of pathologic complete response (pathCR) to chemotherapy, with 33% low RAD51 score cancers achieving pathCR compared with 3% of other cancers (P = 0.011). Conclusions: Our results suggest that defective HR, as indicated by low RAD51 score, may be one of the factors that underlie sensitivity to anthracycline-based chemotherapy. Defective HR is frequent in triple-negative breast cancer, but it is also present in a subset of other subtypes, identifying breast cancers that may benefit from therapies that target defective HR such as PARP inhibitors. Clin Cancer Res; 16(24); 6159–68. ©2010 AACR.
Agile Software Methodologies: Strength and Weakness

Agile methodologies are great software development methodologies. No doubt that these methodologies have widespread reputation. The core of agile methodologies is people. Customer and each team member in agile development teams are the key success or failure factor in agile process. In this paper authors demonstrate strength and weakness points in agile methodologies. Also authors demonstrate how strength and weakness factors can affect the overall results of agile development process.
Productive Reflection at Work: Learning for Changing Organizations

Part 1: Introduction 1. Overview of the Book 2. The Emergence of Productive Reflection Part 2: Underpining Themes and Ideas 3. Reflection - How to Take it Beyond the Individual 4. The Meaning and Role of Reflection in Informal Learning at Work 5. The Evolution of Collective Reflection: From Indirect to Direct Part 3: Product Reflection - Differing Contexts and Practices 6. Disciplined Reflection or Communities of Practice 7. Productive Reflection and Learning During the Redesign of a Secrecy-Based Organization 8. Collective Reflection Under Ambiguity 9. Reflection During a Crisis Turnaround: Management Use of Learning Mechanisms 10. Interactive Critical Reflection as Intercultural Competence Part 4: Challenges and Complexities 11. An Ethical 'Community of Practice' Perspective on Reflection 12. Reflecting on Workplace Change - A Trade Union Perspective 13. Informal Learning: Creating the Space for Reflection at Work 14. Discursive Practices at Work: Constituting the Reflective Learner 15. Feminist Challenges to Mainstream Leadership Through Collective Reflection and Narrative 16. Lessons and Issues for Practice and Development
Boundary states and non-abelian orbifolds

In this note the open string partition function is analyzed carefully in a way to reveal the group-theoretical aspects. For the simple cases of ADE orbifolds with regular Chan-Paton action a prescription for consistent boundary states is given. In the process of outlining how they encode McKay correspondence, we argue that this results from a non-trivial conspiracy of numerical factors in the string amplitudes.
Space-vector structure based synthesis for hierarchically coupled associative memories

The present work introduces a proposal for the training of hierarchically coupled associative memories. The method is based on the eigenvalue and eigenvector structure of the space-vector and on suitable changes the space basis. The approach shows to be useful to the class of models hierarchically coupled associative memories, which has the memorization process organized in many levels of degreesof- freedom and for which the training behaves as a synthesis of previously desired states.
Still separate , still unequal Democratic access to mathematics in U . S . schools

Four decades after the civil rights revolution began with the Supreme Court’s unanimous 1954 school desegregation decision, Brown v. Board of Education, the Supreme Court reversed itself in the 1990s, authorizing school districts to return to segregated and unequal public schools. The new policies refl ected the victory of the conservative movement that altered the federal courts and turned the nation from the dream of Brown toward accepting a return to segregation.
Low-level laser effect in patients with neurosensory impairment of mandibular nerve after sagittal split ramus osteotomy. Randomized clinical trial, controlled by placebo

Objectives: Evaluate the effect on the application of low level laser therapy, in patients that have been previously intervened with a sagittal ramus split osteotomy and present neurosensory impairment due to this surgery, compared with placebo. Study Design: This preliminary study is a randomized clinical trial, with an experimental group (n=17) which received laser light and a control group (n=14), placebo. All participants received laser applications, divided after surgery in days 1, 2, 3, 5, 10, 14, 21 and 28. Neurosensory impairment was evaluated clinically with 5 tests; visual analog scale (VAS) for pain and sensitivity, directional and 2 point discrimination, thermal discrimination, each one of them performed before and after surgery on day 1, and 1, 2 and 6 months. Participants and results evaluator were blinded to intervention. Variables were described with absolute frequencies, percentages and medians. Ordinal and dichotomous variables were compared with Mann Whitney’s and Fisher’s test respectively. Results: Results demonstrate clinical improvement in time, as well as in magnitude of neurosensory return for laser group; VAS for sensitivity reached 5 (normal), 10 participants recovered initial values for 2 point discrimination (62,5%) and 87,5% recovered directional discrimination at 6 months after surgery. General VAS for sensitivity showed 68,75% for laser group, compared with placebo 21,43% (p-value = (0.0095). Left side sensitivity (VAS) showed 3.25 and 4 medians for placebo and laser at 2 months, respectively (p-value = (0.004). Conclusions: Low-level laser therapy was beneficial for this group of patients on recovery of neurosensory impairment of mandibular nerve, compared to a placebo. Key words:Laser Therapy, low-level, LLLP, osteotomy, sagittal split ramus, paresthesia, mandibular nerve.
Combining symbolic and geometric planning to synthesize human-aware plans: toward more efficient combined search.

We are combining symbolic and geometric planning to synthesize human-aware plans in order to deal with the complex and highly intricate planning problems induced by Human-Robot collaborative object manipulation. In this paper, we summarize our previous contributions - refining symbolic actions at geometric level, during the symbolic planning, in order to assess their feasibility and computing the geometric side effects-, then we present the current contributions meant to tighten the cooperation between the symbolic planning and the geometric planning: the symbolic planner helps the geometric one by providing it with constraints and domain-expert knowledge making the geometric planner more efficient, and the geometric planner helps the symbolic one to find the best plan based on social costs computed at geometric level. We also propose different examples, highlighting the interest of such cooperation between the planners in simulation and on our PR2 robot.
miRNA Profiles of Tubular Cells: Diagnosis of Kidney Injury

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs of 18–23 nucleotides that regulate gene expression. Recently, plasma miRNAs have been investigated as biomarkers for various physiological and pathological conditions. The present study details the conserved miRNA expression profiles of tubular tissues, and discusses whether they could be used to distinguish between proximal tubule injury, diagnose acute kidney injury (AKI), and the early-stage renal tubular dysfunction. miRNA expression was assessed with miRNA array and real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction using the TaqMan system. The expression profiles of miR-200a/b/c, miR-145, miR-192, miR-194, miR-216a/b, miR-217, and miR-449a in human and rat tubular tissues such as the kidneys, lung, small intestine, and various exocrine glands were adequate for discriminating tubular tissues. In the kidney, miR-192 and miR-194 were highly expressed, whereas miR-145 and miR-449a were absent. miR-145 and miR-449a were relatively specifically expressed in small intestine and lung, respectively. Therefore, the combined levels of miR-200a/b/c, miR-192, and miR-194 in plasma were very useful in diagnosing AKI induced by contact freezing in mice. Moreover, urinary miR-200a levels were useful for the diagnosis of renal tubular dysfunction in Dahl salt-sensitive rat with high salt administration. Our results indicate that miRNA expression profiles are useful as biomarkers for identification of various kidney injuries.
Representation of vegetation dynamics in the modelling of terrestrial ecosystems: comparing two contrasting approaches within European climate space

1 Advances in dynamic ecosystem modelling have made a number of different approaches to vegetation dynamics possible. Here we compare two models representing contrasting degrees of abstraction of the processes governing dynamics in real vegetation. 2 Model (a) (GUESS) simulates explicitly growth and competition among individual plants. Differences in crown structure (height, depth, area and LAI) influence relative light uptake by neighbours. Assimilated carbon is allocated individually by each plant to its leaf, fine root and sapwood tissues. Carbon allocation and turnover of sapwood to heartwood in turn govern height and diameter growth. 3 Model (b) (LPJ) incorporates a ‘dynamic global vegetation model’ (DGVM) architecture, simulating growth of populations of plant functional types (PFTs) over a grid cell, integrating individual-level processes over the proportional area (foliar projective cover, FPC) occupied by each PFT. Individual plants are not simulated, but are replaced by explicit parameterizations of their growth and interactions. 4 The models are identical in their representation of core physiological and biogeochemical processes. Both also use the same set of PFTs, corresponding to the major woody plant groups in Europe, plus a grass type. 5 When applied at a range of locations, broadly spanning climatic variation within Europe, both models successfully predicted PFT composition and succession within modern natural vegetation. However, the individual-based model performed better in areas where deciduous and evergreen types coincide, and in areas subject to pronounced seasonal water deficits, which would tend to favour grasses over drought-intolerant trees. 6 Differences in model performance could be traced to their treatment of individual-level processes, in particular light competition and stress-induced mortality. 7 Our results suggest that an explicit individual-based approach to vegetation dynamics may be an advantage in modelling of ecosystem structure and function at the resolution required for regional- to continental-scale studies.
Understanding Variation in Managers' Ambidexterity: Investigating Direct and Interaction Effects of Formal Structural and Personal Coordination Mechanisms

textabstractPrevious research focuses on firm and business unit level ambidexterity. Therefore, conceptual and empirically validated understanding about ambidexterity at the individual level of analysis is very scarce. This paper addresses this gap in the literature by investigating managers' ambidexterity, delivering three contributions to theory and empirical research on ambidexterity: first, by proposing three related characteristics of ambidextrous managers; second, by developing a model and associated hypotheses on both the direct and interaction effects of formal structural and personal coordination mechanisms on managers' ambidexterity; and third, by testing the hypotheses based on a sample of 716 business unit level and operational level managers. Findings regarding the formal structural mechanisms indicate that a manager's decision-making authority positively relates to this manager's ambidexterity, whereas formalization of a manager's tasks has no significant relationship with this manager's ambidexterity. Regarding the personal coordination mechanisms, findings indicate that both the participation of a manager in cross-functional interfaces and the connectedness of a manager to other organization members positively relate to this manager's ambidexterity. Furthermore, results show positive interaction effects between the formal structural and personal coordination mechanisms on managers' ambidexterity. The paper's theoretical contributions and empirical results increase our understanding about managers' ambidexterity and about how different types and combinations of coordination mechanisms relate to variation in managers' ambidexterity.
Pathological Mechanism for Delayed Hyperenhancement of Chronic Scarred Myocardium in Contrast Agent Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Objectives To evaluate possible mechanism for delayed hyperenhancement of scarred myocardium by investigating the relationship of contrast agent (CA) first pass and delayed enhancement patterns with histopathological changes. Materials and Methods Eighteen pigs underwent 4 weeks ligation of 1 or 2 diagonal coronary arteries to induce chronic infarction. The hearts were then removed and perfused in a Langendorff apparatus. The hearts firstly experienced phosphorus 31 MR spectroscopy. The hearts in group I (n = 9) and II (n = 9) then received the bolus injection of Gadolinium diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid (0.05 mmol/kg) and gadolinium-based macromolecular agent (P792, 15 µmol/kg), respectively. First pass T2 * MRI was acquired using a gradient echo sequence. Delayed enhanced T1 MRI was acquired with an inversion recovery sequence. Masson's trichrome and anti- von Willebrand Factor (vWF) staining were performed for infarct characterization. Results Wash-in of both kinds of CA caused the sharp and dramatic T2 * signal decrease of scarred myocardium similar to that of normal myocardium. Myocardial blood flow and microvessel density were significantly recovered in 4-week-old scar tissue. Steady state distribution volume (ΔR1 relaxation rate) of Gd-DTPA was markedly higher in scarred myocardium than in normal myocardium, whereas ΔR1 relaxation rate of P792 did not differ significantly between scarred and normal myocardium. The ratio of extracellular volume to the total water volume was significantly greater in scarred myocardium than in normal myocardium. Scarred myocardium contained massive residual capillaries and dilated vessels. Histological stains indicated the extensively discrete matrix deposition and lack of cellular structure in scarred myocardium. Conclusions Collateral circulation formation and residual vessel effectively delivered CA into scarred myocardium. However, residual vessel without abnormal hyperpermeability allowed Gd-DTPA rather than P792 to penetrate into extravascular compartment. Discrete collagen fiber meshwork and loss of cellularity enlarged extracellular space accessible to Gd-DTPA, resulting in the delayed hyper-enhanced scar.
TRV–GFP: a modified Tobacco rattle virus vector for efficient and visualizable analysis of gene function

We developed an easy-traceable TRV vector, TRV2-GFP, by tagging a GFP to the coat protein. TRV2-GFP-infected plants could be identified efficiently by GFP monitoring. TRV2-GFP is useful for functional genomics in many plants, especially for non-Solanaceae plants, like rose
FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT, HOST COUNTRY PRODUCTIVITY AND EXPORT: THE CASE OF U.S. AND JAPANESE MULTINATIONAL AFFILIATES

The literature on the transfer of technology from FDI to host country firms is growing rapidly. Most of the studies find that there are positive spillover effects from FDI flow to host country firms in advanced economies. The result for the case of FDI recipient developing economies is mixed. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role that foreign direct investment from the U.S. and Japan plays in affecting developing countriesi¯ productivity, and export. Trade and production dataset by industrial groups and disaggregated U.S. and Japanese FDI data are used to empirically test presence of spillover effects on labor productivity and export. The results of the study show that positive productivity effects from U.S. and Japanese FDI firms are not empirically supported for the case of sample developing countries. The presence of FDI firms from all source countries and the number of U.S. total FDI and U.S. manufacturing FDI firms increase exports of host countries to the rest of the world. On the other hand, productivity is enhanced by foreign portfolio investment, availability of skilled manpower, capital intensity of industries and the number of bilateral investment treaties signed by host countries. Official development assistance and official aid have significantly negative effect on host country productivity, value added and export.
Improving ITIL compliance using change management practices: a finance sector case study

Purpose – Although various practices to facilitate organizational change are proposed in the literature, very little is known about how these practices impact on ITIL adoptions. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to address this gap in the literature by offering insights on how change management practices impact on levels of ITIL compliance.Design/methodology/approach – This exploratory research reports on four case studies of completed implementations of IT service management using the process – based ITILv2 framework. The firms studied are from the Peruvian financial sector. Data were gained primarily through semi‐structured in‐depth interviews with managers involved in the implementation process. Compliance was measured using the itSMF self assessment questionnaire, which assesses the overall process capability.Findings – This study finds that not all of the case firms took full advantage of change management practices while implementing the ITIL framework. The results show that the firms with a h.
Spatial Analysis of Global Prevalence of Multiple Sclerosis Suggests Need for an Updated Prevalence Scale

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system with an unknown aetiology. MS has a geographic pattern of prevalence with high prevalence rates between 45 degrees and 65 degrees north. In much of the northern hemisphere, there exists a prevalence gradient, with increasing prevalence from south to north. While genetics may partially explain the latitudinal gradient, it is not strong enough to exclude exogenous variables. Kurtzke initially came up with a three-zone scale for low, medium, and high prevalence zones. He defined high as 30 or more per 100,000, medium as 5–29 per 100,000, and low as less than 5 per 100,000. In this study, 131 geographic datasets (geocases) were spatially analyzed to determine whether the existing global prevalence scale needed to be updated. The mean prevalence rate was 67.83/100,000 with rates ranging from 350/100,000 to 0/100,000. The results of this study suggest that the commonly referenced scale for global MS prevalence needs to be updated with added zones to reflect significantly higher prevalence rates in some areas of the world. We suggest a five-zone scale: very high (170–350), high (70–170), medium (38–70), low (13–38), and very low (0–13).
A new species of Crenicichla (Perciformes: Cichlidae) from the Ventuari River, Upper Orinoco River Basin, Amazonas State, Venezuela

We describe a new species of the genus Crenicichla Heckel, 1840, from the Ventuari River, a tributary of the Orinoco River in southern Venezuela. Crenicichla zebrina is distinguished from all other species in the genus by its unique coloration pattern, including the combination of a large, dark, vertically oriented, more or less oval-shaped humeral spot, and thin, dark bars, separated by narrow, vertical, yellowish bars extending between the dorsal and anal fin base on the caudal half of the body. Crenicichla zebrina is included in the putative C. acutirostris group (9 species) and represents the only species in the group known to date from the Orinoco basin.
Animal companions: Fostering children's effort-making by nurturing virtual pets

Virtual character is a significant application in the research field of technology-enhanced learning. In this study, the concept of animal companions, ‘non-smart’ virtual characters, is proposed as a way to encourage students to promote effort-making learning behaviours. The two underpinning design rationales are first discussed followed by the description of the development of a practical application, the My-Pet v2 system. A preliminary experiment was conducted to examine the system usability in terms of cognitive, affective and time-on-task characteristics. The results reveal that participants in the group using a complete version of My-Pet v2 showed better quality of effort-making learning behaviours. Some implications and future research directions are also discussed.
Not All Capital Waves are Alike: A Sector-Level Examination of Surges in FDI Inflows

We examine episodes of large gross foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows - surges - at the sectoral level in emerging market economies. We find that surges in the financial sector, unlike surges in the non-financial sectors, are associated with boom-bust cycles in GDP and expansions of credit in foreign currency. In terms of the determinants of surges, we find that global and contagion factors have a stronger effect in the financial than the non-financial sectors. We also document a role for policies related to capital account openness: restrictions on other forms of capital inflows tend to increase the likelihood of surges in financial sector FDI.
Subaru deep survey I. near-infrared observations

Deep near-infraredimages of a blank 2 � ×2 � section of skynear the galactic north pole taken by Subaru Telescope are presented. The total integration times of the J and Kbands were 12.1 hr and 9.7 hr, resulting in 5 σ limiting magnitudes of 25.1 and 23.5 mag, respectively. The numbers of sources within these limiting magnitudes found with an automated detection procedure are 385 in the J band and 350 in K � . Based on photometric measurements of these sources, we present number count vs. magnitude relations, color vs. magnitude diagrams, size vs. color relationships, etc. The slope of the galaxy number count plotted against the AB magnitude scale is about 0.23 in the 22 to 26 AB magnitude range of both bands. The spatial number density of galaxies as well as the slopes in the faint-end region given by the Subaru Deep Field (SDF) survey are consistent with those given by HST-NICMOS surveys, as expressed on the AB magnitude diagram. Several sources having very large J − Kcolor have been found, including a few Kobjects without detection at J. In addition, a number of faint galactic stars were also