Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Expected values of statistics on permutation tableaux

Permutation tableaux are new objects that were introduced by Postnikov in the context of enumeration of the totally positive Grassmannian cells. They are known to be in bijection with permutations and recently, they have been connected to PASEP model used in statistical physics. Properties of permutation tableaux became a focus of a considerable research activity. In this paper we study properties of basic statistics defined on permutation tableaux. We present a simple and unified approach based on probabilistic techniques and use it to compute the expected values of basic statistics defined on permutation tableaux. We also provide a non―bijective and very simple proof that there are n! permutation tableaux of length n.
Examining the Relationships Between Jail Detention Deputies and Promotional Opportunities: Perceptions Across Racial Groups

Prior research regarding the relationship between officer race and job satisfaction in correctional environments has revealed mixed findings. Additionally, the link between perceptions of the promotional process and how such perceptions may vary by race has received little empirical attention. Therefore, the present study examined racial differences in perceptions of promotional criteria using a sample of sworn deputies in a large jail located in the South-Central United States. Results indicated few racial differences in perceptions of promotional indicators and workplace environment, suggesting that racial discrimination among staff in correctional settings may not be as prevalent in this location compared to findings from earlier studies that suggest differing perceptions and discrimination patterned by race. Implications for the findings in terms of understanding the role that race plays among correctional staff for guiding future research, programming, and policy are discussed.
A separation principle for dynamic positioning of ships: theoretical and experimental results

Presents a globally asymptotically stabilizing (GAS) controller for regulation and dynamic positioning of ships, using only position measurements. It is assumed that these are corrupted with white noise hence a passive observer which reconstructs the rest of the states is applied. The observer produces noise-free estimates of the position, the slowly varying environmental disturbances and the velocity which are used in a proportional-derivative (PD)-type control law. The stability proof is based on a separation principle which holds for the nonlinear ship model. This separation principle is theoretically supported by results on cascaded nonlinear systems and standard Lyapunov theory, and it is validated in practice by experimentation with a model ship scale 1:70.
IMPLICATIONS OF THE PRACTICE STYLE TEACHING ON MOTOR AND KNOWLEDGE PERFORMANCE OF A BASIC GYMNASTICS SKILL

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of practice style teaching on motor skill and Knowledge performance, of a basic gymnastics skill, such as the cartwheel, in high school students, of different gender and skill level. Participants were 27 girls and 41 boys of first grade high school, belonging in three different classes. They were taught the cartwheel task under school conditions throughout twelve (12) lessons, 30 minutes each, 2 times per week. The skill performance was recorded and evaluated prior, post and two weeks after the end of the program. Based on the initial compound measurement scores, students were grouped into three equal groups of low, medium and high skill. Knowledge outcomes were measured by the use of a written test prior and following the treatment phase of the study. The 2x3x3 analysis of variance (Gender x Skill Level x Test) with repeated measurements in the last factor showed that all the groups improved their motor and knowledge performance on the cartwheel. No significant differences between girls and boys were uncovered on the skill execution or skill knowledge. However, significant differences between student's skill level on motor performance were revealed: Low skilled learners improved to a greater extent, compared to those of medium and high skill, particularly as for the skill outcome. Article visualizations:
Coping and Resilience in Families with Children with Behavioral Problems

Behavioral problems are one of the main concerns of parents in today's society. There are families that are able to face these problems and get ahead —they are resilient— while others are overwhelmed, and do not know how to act. Lack of emotional self-regulation, effective coping strategies, and resilience contribute to stress increase, affecting health and emotional balance. To know how to act to develop parental resilience, this paper analyzes the coping strategies that adults use to deal with children's behavioral problems and their relation with resilience. With this aim, the ‘Coping with Children's Behavior Problems questionnaire’ (CCBP) was developed. Participants were 615 parents and mothers of the autonomous community of Madrid. They completed mentioned questionnaire along with the Brief Resilience Scale for validation purposes. Analyses showed the adequate fit of the person-situation model, the way situation influences the use of coping strategies and emotional self-regulation, and the way the type of strategies used relates to resilience.
Focus Prosody in Cantonese and Teochew Noun Phrases

We report production data on the prosodic realization of two types of foci (constituent wh-answers, and constituent correction) of two Chinese languages that are very different from Mandarin: Hong Kong Cantonese and Teochew (a variety of Southern Min dialect spoken in Jieyang, Guangdong China). The results indicated that unlike what was reported about focus prosody at the sentential level in Cantonese, on-focus lengthening was observed with wh focus data but nothing about on-focus intensity. F0 cues were not obvious but some tendency of post-focal compression was found in F0 velocity. The Teochew data instead showed no significant acoustic distinction across different types of information structure.
Improved Probability Hypothesis Density (PHD) Filter for Multitarget Tracking

The probability hypothesis density (PHD) filter is a practical alternative to the optimal Bayesian multi-target filter based on random finite sets. It propagates the PHD function, the first order moment of the posterior multi-target density, from which the number of targets as well as their individual states can be extracted. Furthermore, the sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) approximation of the PHD filter (also known as particle-PHD filter) is available in the literature in order to overcome its intractability. However, the PHD filter keeps no track of the target identities and hence cannot produce track-valued estimates of individual targets. This work consider the use of an improved implementation, of the particle-PHD filter that gives the track-valued estimates of individual targets and propose a novel way for doing so. The improved PHD filter combines the particles approximation of the posterior PHD function and the peak extraction from the posterior PHD particles to create the target identities of the individual estimates. The improved PHD filter does not affect the convergence results of the particle-PHD filter
Validation of the Risk-Taking and Self-Harm Inventory for Adolescents in a Portuguese Community Sample

ABSTRACT This article aims to adapt and validate the Risk-Taking and Self-Harm Inventory for Adolescents (RTSHIA) in Portuguese. Results confirm the 2-factor structure originally proposed (risk-taking and self-harm). Both dimensions presented an adequate internal reliability and temporal stability. Convergent validity and sociodemographic differences are analyzed. Preventive and clinical implications are discussed.
SDSS J104341.53+085558.2: a second white dwarf with a gaseous debris disc

Intermediate- resolution spectroscopy of the white dwarf SDSS J104341.53+ 085558.2 ( SDSS J1043+ 0855) contains double- peaked emission lines of Ca II lambda lambda 8498, 8542, 8662 and identifies this object to be the second single white dwarf to be surrounded by a gaseous disc of metal- rich material, similar to the recently discovered SDSS J1228+ 1040. A photospheric magnesium abundance of 0.3 times the solar value, determined from the observed MgII lambda 4481 absorption line, implies that the white dwarf is accreting from the circumstellar material. The absence of Balmer emission lines and of photospheric He I lambda 4471 absorption indicates that the accreted material is depleted in volatile elements and, by analogy with SDSS J1228+ 1040, may be the result of the tidal disruption of an asteroid. Additional spectroscopy of the DAZ white dwarfs WD1337+ 705 and GD362 does not reveal Ca I emission lines. GD362 is one of the few cool DAZ white dwarfs that display strong infrared flux excess, thought to be originating in a circumstellar dust disc, and its temperature is probably too low to sublimate sufficient amounts of disc material to generate detectable Ca II emission. WD1337+ 705 is, like SDSS J1228+ 1040 and SDSS J1043+ 0855, moderately hot, but has the lowest Mg abundance of those three stars, suggesting a possible correlation between the photospheric Mg abundance and the equivalent width of the Ca II emission triplet. Our inspection of 7360 white dwarfs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 4 fails to unveil additional strong ` metal gas disc' candidates, and implies that these objects are rather rare.
On the Selection of the Best Detection Performance Sensors for Cognitive Radio Networks

In cooperative spectrum sensing, information from several cognitive radios (CRs) is used for detecting the primary user. To reduce sensing overhead and total energy consumption, it is recommended to cooperate only with the CRs that have the best detection performance. However, the problem is that it is not known a priori which of the CRs have the best detection performance. In this letter, we are proposing three methods for selecting the CRs with the best detection performance based only on hard (binary) local decisions from the CRs. Simulations are used to evaluate and compare the methods. The results indicate that the proposed CR selection methods are able to offer significant gains in terms of system performance.
Finding Approximate Local Minima for Nonconvex Optimization in Linear Time

We design a non-convex second-order optimization algorithm that is guaranteed to return an approximate local minimum in time which is linear in the input representation. The time complexity of our algorithm to find an approximate local minimum is even faster than that of gradient descent to find a critical point. Our algorithm applies to a general class of optimization problems including training a neural network and other non-convex objectives arising in machine learning.
Open Access Research Article Associations between Tamoxifen, Estrogens, and Fsh Serum Levels during Steady State Tamoxifen Treatment of Postmenopausal Women with Breast Cancer

Background: The cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes 2C19, 2D6, and 3A5 are responsible for converting the selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), tamoxifen to its active metabolites 4-hydroxy-tamoxifen (4OHtam) and 4-hydroxy-N-demethyltamoxifen (4OHNDtam, endoxifen). Inter-individual variations of the activity of these enzymes due to polymorphisms may be predictors of outcome of breast cancer patients during tamoxifen treatment. Since tamoxifen and estrogens are both partly metabolized by these enzymes we hypothesize that a correlation between serum tamoxifen and estrogen levels exists, which in turn may interact with tamoxifen on treatment outcome. Here we examined relationships between the serum levels of tamoxifen, estrogens, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and also determined the genotypes of CYP2C19, 2D6, 3A5, and SULT1A1 in 90 postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Methods: Tamoxifen and its metabolites were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Estrogen and FSH levels were determined using a sensitive radio-and chemiluminescent immunoassay, respectively. Results: We observed significant correlations between the serum concentrations of tamoxifen, N-dedimethyltamoxifen, and tamoxifen-N-oxide and estrogens (p < 0.05). The genotype predicted CYP2C19 activity influenced the levels of both tamoxifen metabolites and E1. Conclusions: We have shown an association between tamoxifen and its metabolites and estrogen serum levels. An impact of CYP2C19 predicted activity on tamoxifen, as well as estrogen kinetics may partly explain the observed association between tamoxifen and its metabolites and estrogen serum levels. Since the role of estrogen levels during tamoxifen therapy is still a matter of debate further prospective studies to examine the effect of tamoxifen and estrogen kinetics on treatment outcome are warranted. Background Estrogens play a key role in breast cancer development. The selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) tamoxifen has been used in breast cancer treatment and prevention. It may act as a full estrogen agonist, partial agonist or antagonist depending on the dose, species, sex or target organ [1]. Tamoxifen is regarded as a pro-drug since two of its metabolites, 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4OHtam) and 4-hydroxy-N-demethyltamoxifen
A pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial of an educational intervention for GPs in the assessment and management of depression

Background. General practitioners (GPs) can be provided with effective training in the skills to manage depression. However, it remains uncertain whether such training achieves health gain for their patients. Method. The study aimed to measure the health gain from training GPs in skills for the assessment and management of depression. The study design was a cluster randomized controlled trial. GP participants were assessed for recognition of psychological disorders, attitudes to depression, prescribing patterns and experience of psychiatry and communication skills training. They were then randomized to receive training at baseline or the end of the study. Patients selected by GPs were assessed at baseline, 3 and 12 months. The primary outcome was depression status, measured by HAM-D. Secondary outcomes were psychiatric symptoms (GHQ-12) quality of life (SF-36), satisfaction with consultations, and health service use and costs. Results. Thirty-eight GPs were recruited and 36 (95%) completed the study. They selected 318 patients, of whom 189 (59%) were successfully recruited. At 3 months there were no significant differences between intervention and control patients on HAM-D, GHQ-12 or SF-36. At 12 months there was a positive training effect in two domains of the SF-36, but no differences in HAM-D, GHQ-12 or health care costs. Patients reported trained GPs as somewhat better at listening and understanding but not in the other aspects of satisfaction. Conclusions. Although training programmes may improve GPs' skills in managing depression, this does not appear to translate into health gain for depressed patients or the health service.
HOW DO RESPONDENTS HANDLE STATED CHOICE EXPERIMENTS? INFORMATION PROCESSING STRATEGIES UNDER VARYING INFORMATION LOAD

Four ordered heterogeneous logit and mixed logit models are developed, each for a fixed-attribute design, in which the dependent variable is the difference between the maximum (fixed) number of attributes in the design and the actual number that were maintained by the respondent in their information processing strategy (IPS). The authors have found that individuals adopt a range of 'coping' or editing strategies that are consistent with how we normally process information in real markets. Importantly, we should not argue that more information is necessarily undesirable; indeed such information may be necessary to give meaning to a choice context even if an individual invokes an IPS that involves excluding specific attributes and even aggregating them. That is, individuals invoke procedural strategies in the form of rules that they draw on as useful devices to process information in real or hypothetical markets. The evidence suggests that aligning 'choice complexity' with the amount of information to process is misleading. Relevancy is what matters. (a)
HOMOLOGICAL DIMENSIONS OF SMOOTH AND COMPLEX ANALYTIC QUANTUM TORI

We survey some results on homological dimensions of the algebraic, complex analytic, and smooth quantum tori. Our main theorem states, in par- ticular, that the smooth and the complex analytic quantum n-tori have global dimension n. This contrasts with the result of McConnell and Pettit (1988) who proved that, in the generic case, the algebraic quantum n-torus has global dimen- sion 1. In this connection we also formulate some general theorems on homological dimensions of nuclear Frechet algebras.
Distribution of photoperiod-insensitive alleles Ppd-B1a and Ppd-D1a and their effect on heading time in Japanese wheat cultivars

The genotypes of photoperiod response genes Ppd-B1 and Ppd-D1 in Japanese wheat cultivars were determined by a PCR-based method, and heading times were compared among genotypes. Most of the Japanese wheat cultivars, except those from the Hokkaido region, carried the photoperiod-insensitive allele Ppd-D1a, and heading was accelerated 10.3 days compared with the Ppd-D1b genotype. Early cultivars with Ppd-D1a may have been selected to avoid damage from preharvest rain. In the Hokkaido region, Ppd-D1a frequency was lower and heading date was late regardless of Ppd-D1 genotype, suggesting another genetic mechanism for late heading in Hokkaido cultivars. In this study, only 11 cultivars proved to carry Ppd-B1a, and all of them carried another photoperiod-insensitive allele, Ppd-D1a. The Ppd-B1a/Ppd-D1a genotype headed 6.7 days earlier than the Ppd-B1b/Ppd-D1a genotype, indicating a significant effect of Ppd-B1a in the genetic background with Ppd-D1a. Early-maturity breeding in Japan is believed to be accelerated by the introduction of the Ppd-B1a allele into medium-heading cultivars carrying Ppd-D1a. Pedigree analysis showed that Ppd-B1a in three extra-early commercial cultivars was inherited from ‘Shiroboro 21’ by early-heading Chugoku lines bred at the Chugoku Agriculture Experimental Station.
A survey of ranking, selection, and multiple comparison procedures for discrete-event simulation

Discrete event simulation models are often constructed so that an analyst may compare two or more competing design alternatives. The paper presents a survey of the literature for two widely used statistical methods for selecting the best design from among a finite set of k alternatives: ranking and selection (R&S) and multiple comparison procedures (MCPs). A comprehensive survey of each topic is presented, along with a summary of recent unified R&S-MCP approaches. In addition, an example of the application of B.L. Nelson and F.J. Matejcik's (1995) combined R&S-MCP procedure is given.
Involvement of Caenohabditis elegans MAPK Signaling Pathways in Oxidative Stress Response Induced by Silver Nanoparticles Exposure

In the present study, toxicity of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was investigated in the nematode, Caenohab-ditis elegans focusing on the upstream signaling pathway responsible for regulating oxidative stress, such as mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades. Formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was observed in AgNPs exposed C.elegans , suggesting oxidative stress as an important mechanism in the tox-icity of AgNPs towards C. elegans. Expression of genes in MAPK signaling pathways increased by AgNPs exposure in less than 2-fold compared to the control in wildtype C.elegans , however, those were increased dramatically in sod-3 (gk235) mutant after 48 h exposure of AgNPs (i.e. 4-fold for jnk-1 and mpk-2 ; 6-fold for nsy-1 , sek-1 , and pmk-1 , and 10-fold for jkk-1 ). These results on the expression of oxida-tive stress response genes suggest that sod-3 gene expression appears to be dependent on p38 MAPK activation. The high expressions of the pmk-1 gene 48 h exposure to AgNPs in the sod-3 (gk235) mutant can also be interpreted as compensatory mechanisms in the absence of important stress response genes. Overall results suggest that MAPK-based integrated stress signaling network seems to be involved in defense to AgNPs exposure in C.elegans .
Differential Information and Dynamic Behavior of Stock Trading Volume

This paper develops a multi-period rational expectations model of stock trading in which investors have differential information concerning the underlying value of the stock. Investors trade competitively in the stock market based on their private information and the information revealed by the market-clearing prices, as well as other public news. We examine how trading volume is related to the information flow in the market and how investors' trading reveals their private information.
Loss of Activities for mRNA Synthesis Accompanies Loss of λ2 Spikes from Reovirus Cores: An Effect of λ2 on λ1 Shell Structure

The 144-kDa lambda2 protein, a component of the transcriptionally active reovirus core particle, catalyzes the last three enzymatic activities for formation of the 5' cap 1 structure on the viral plus-strand transcripts. Limited evidence suggests it may also play a role in transcription per se. Particle-associated lambda2 forms pentameric turrets ("spikes") around the fivefold axes of the icosahedral core. To address the requirements for lambda2 in core functions other than the known functions in RNA capping, particles depleted of lambda2 were generated from cores in vitro by a series of treatments involving heat, protease, and ionic detergent. The resulting particles contained less than 5% of pretreatment levels of lambda2 but showed negligible loss of the other four core proteins or the 10 double-stranded RNA genome segments. Transmission cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and scanning cryo-electron microscopy demonstrated loss of the lambda2 spikes from these otherwise intact particles. In functional analyses, the "spikeless cores" showed greatly reduced activities not only for RNA capping but also for transcription and nucleoside triphosphate hydrolysis, suggesting enzymatic or structural roles for lambda2 in all these activities. Comparison of the core and spikeless core structures obtained by cryo-TEM and three-dimensional image reconstruction revealed changes in the lambda1 core shell that accompany lambda2 loss, most notably the elimination of small pores that span the shell near the icosahedral fivefold axes. Changes in the shell may explain the reductions in transcriptase-related activities by spikeless cores.
Near- and Mid-Infrared Photometry of the Pleiades and a New List of Substellar Candidate Members

We make use of new near- and mid-IR photometry of the Pleiades cluster in order to help identify proposed cluster members. We also use the new photometry with previously published photometry to define the single-star main-sequence locus at the age of the Pleiades in a variety of color-magnitude planes. The new near- and mid-IR photometry extend effectively 2 mag deeper than the 2MASS All-Sky Point Source catalog, and hence allow us to select a new set of candidate very low-mass and substellar mass members of the Pleiades in the central square degree of the cluster. We identify 42 new candidate members fainter than Ks = 14 (corresponding to 0.1 M☉). These candidate members should eventually allow a better estimate of the cluster mass function to be made down to of order 0.04 M☉. We also use new IRAC data, in particular the images obtained at 8 μm, in order to comment briefly on interstellar dust in and near the Pleiades. We confirm, as expected, that—with one exception—a sample of low-mass stars recently identified as having 24 μm excesses due to debris disks do not have significant excesses at IRAC wavelengths. However, evidence is also presented that several of the Pleiades high-mass stars are found to be impacting with local condensations of the molecular cloud that is passing through the Pleiades at the current epoch.