Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Current solutions to database replication in the cloud try to adapt existing concepts

Cloud computing is an extremely successful paradigm of service oriented computing and has revolutionized the way computing infrastructure is abstracted and used. The cloud computing model requires significant changes in data management systems, since cloud systems demand scalability, availability, performance and quality of service. Database replication techniques have been used to address these challenges. However, only few current solutions to database replication in the cloud address elasticity and quality of service, primarily to support a large number of applications, each with a small data footprint. This paper presents RepliC, an approach to database replication in the cloud with quality of service, elasticity and efficient use of resources. keywords: Cloud Computing, Data Management and Replication. ∗RepliC project http://replic.sf. net X Workshop de Teses e Dissertações em Banco de Dados
STACKING THE INVISIBLES: A GUIDED SEARCH FOR LOW-LUMINOSITY MILKY WAY SATELLITES

Almost every known low-luminosity Milky Way dwarf spheroidal (dSph) satellite galaxy contains at least one RR Lyrae star. Assuming that a fraction of distant (60 < dhelio < 100 kpc) Galactic halo RR Lyrae stars are members of yet to be discovered low-luminosity dSph galaxies, we perform a guided search for these low-luminosity dSph galaxies. In order to detect the presence of dSph galaxies, we combine stars selected from more than 123 sightlines centered on RR Lyrae stars identified by the Palomar Transient Factory. We find that this method is sensitive enough to detect the presence of Segue 1-like galaxies (, rh = 30 pc) even if only ∼20 sightlines were occupied by such dSph galaxies. Yet, when our method is applied to the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 10 imaging catalog, no signal is detected. An application of our method to sightlines occupied by pairs of close (<200 pc) horizontal branch stars, also did not yield a detection. Thus, we place upper limits on the number of low-luminosity dSph galaxies with half-light radii from 30 pc to 120 pc, and in the probed volume of the halo. Stronger constraints on the luminosity function may be obtained by applying our method to sightlines centered on RR Lyrae stars selected from the Pan-STARRS1 survey, and eventually, from the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope. In Appendix A, we present spectroscopic observations of an RRab star in the Boötes 3 dSph and a light curve of an RRab star near the Boötes 2 dSph.
An Algorithm for Classifying Articles and Patent Documents Using Link Structure

Studying link structure of the World Wide Web (WWW) is an area which has attracted a lot of interest. Several papers have been published on structural analysis of hyperlinked environments such as the WWW. The WWW can be modeled as a graph and valuable information can be derived by analyzing links between the Web-pages primarily for the purpose of building better search engines. Many novel methods have been presented to discover communities from the WWW and discover authoritative Web-pages. Citation analysis is a branch of information science on which plenty of research has been done. Citation analysis pertains to analysis of articles and research paper citations in a scholarly field and deriving useful information from it. It has primarily been used as a useful tool to quantify and judge the impact of a paper or a journal. The work presented in this paper lies at the intersection of the two fields: structural analysis of WWW and citation analysis. In this paper, we present a method for classifying documents (such as articles and patents containing references) to a class or topic based on their link structure, references and citations. The method consists of analyzing the link structure of a corpus to first identify authoritative papers and assigning a class label to them. The class labels are assigned manually by a domain expert by going through the respective documents. The next step consists of identifying related papers to the authoritative papers using citation analysis. The authoritative papers, their class labels and their related papers constitute a model. Papers for which class label needs to be determined are classified based on the created model.
Integrated Scoring For Spelling Error Correction, Abbreviation Expansion and Case Restoration in Dirty Text

An increasing number of language and speech applications are gearing towards the use of texts from online sources as input. Despite such rise, not much work can be found in the aspect of integrated approaches for cleaning dirty texts from online sources. This paper presents a mechanism of Integrated Scoring for Spelling error correction, Abbreviation expansion and Case restoration (ISSAC). The idea of ISSAC was first conceived as part of the text preprocessing phase in an ontology engineering project. Evaluations of ISSAC using 400 chat records reveal an improved accuracy of 96.5% over the existing 74.4% based on the use of Aspell only.
Commonalities and Differences among Symbiosis Islands of Three Mesorhizobium loti Strains

To shed light on the breadth of the host range of Mesorhizobium loti strain NZP2037, we determined the sequence of the NZP2037 symbiosis island and compared it with those of strain MAFF303099 and R7A islands. The determined 533 kb sequence of NZP2037 symbiosis island, on which 504 genes were predicted, implied its integration into a phenylalanine-tRNA gene and subsequent genome rearrangement. Comparative analysis revealed that the core regions of the three symbiosis islands consisted of 165 genes. We also identified several NZP2037-specific genes with putative functions in nodulation-related events, suggesting that these genes contribute to broaden the host range of NZP2037.
Breeding Services and the Factors Influencing Their Use on Smallholder Dairy Farms in Central Uganda

Dairy cattle breeding is an important technology in the enhancement and promotion of dairy production in Uganda. The introduction of germplasm through AI is crucial to enhance the production potential of the local breeds. A study was conducted in six districts of Uganda in the central region using a questionnaire survey involving 450 randomly selected households to profile the dairy breeding services in use and investigate the factors that affect the success of dairy breeding focusing on AI. Adoption of the AI service was highly (P < 0.05) dependent on ava ilability of extension services, record keeping practice (P < 0.05), and availability of milk markets (P < 0.05). On the other hand AI adoption was independent of formal education, age of farmer, labor availability, and feed/water availability (P > 0.05). Use or nonuse of AI did not significantly (P > 0.05) influence the sex of the calf born. While preference for AI was marked, very few farmers actually used it. This implies that focus should be put on improved AI service delivery alongside improved extension services.
Self-engineering capabilities of bacteria

Under natural growth conditions, bacteria can utilize intricate communication capabilities (e.g. quorum-sensing, chemotactic signalling and plasmid exchange) to cooperatively form (self-organize) complex colonies with elevated adaptability—the colonial pattern is collectively engineered according to the encountered environmental conditions. Bacteria do not genetically store all the information required for creating all possible patterns. Instead, additional information is cooperatively generated as required for the colonial self-organization to proceed. We describe how complex colonial forms (patterns) emerge through the communication-based singular interplay between individual bacteria and the colony. Each bacterium is, by itself, a biotic autonomous system with its own internal cellular informatics capabilities (storage, processing and assessment of information). These afford the cell plasticity to select its response to biochemical messages it receives, including self-alteration and the broadcasting of messages to initiate alterations in other bacteria. Hence, new features can collectively emerge during self-organization from the intracellular level to the whole colony. The cells thus assume newly co-generated traits and abilities that are not explicitly stored in the genetic information of the individuals.
Reliable robot teleoperation service architecture for various controllers and robots

We propose a robot teleoperation service architecture that enables us to control robot more reliable. Reliability is one of key issues in the researches of network based robot architectures. Most of researches on robot architecture are to solve network related problems like latency or disconnection by implementing artificial intelligence at robots. In this paper, we explain 3-tier client-server network-based Robot Teleoperation Service Architecture. Users, who control the robot, can use any controllers and robots by this service architecture. Even if users are using two controllers and one robot, Kalman-based Signal Filter is reinforcing and separating these signals constantly. This kind of approach provides control that is more accurate and the result of test systems proves the proposed architecture reliability.
Faculty attitudes towards college athletics and the academic competency of student-athletes at a NCAA Division-I Institution

FACULTY ATTITUDES TOWARDS COLLEGE ATHLETICS AND THE ACADEMIC COMPETENCY OF STUDENT-ATHLETES AT A NCAA DIVISION-I INSTITUTION Christopher R. Atwater, M.S. A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Education at Virginia Commonwealth University. Virginia Commonwealth University, 2010 Director: Beverly J. Warren, Ed.D. , Ph.D. Professor, School of Education The purpose of this investigation was to examine faculty attitudes towards the role of college athletics and the academic competency of student-athletes at a NCAA Division-I Institution. By analyzing faculty attitudes, this study contributes to a better understanding of factors associated with how educators view athletics in higher education and how they develop their attitudes towards student-athletes from an academic perspective. Though prior research indicates quantitatively that faculty possess distinct views of these concepts, there was a gap between measured attitudes and known factors that contribute to these attitudes. By analyzing both quantitative and qualitative results, this investigation advanced the knowledge base of what factors, themes and trends exist in relation to faculty attitudes towards college athletics and the academic competency of student-athletes. Furthermore, by identifying relevant factors, this study may serve future practitioners by helping them hone techniques for successful and perceived change of the college experience for student-athletes in higher education.
Community Prescribing and Resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae

We investigated the association between prescribing antimicrobial agents and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae among children with acute otitis media in southern Israel. During a 6-year period, all prescriptions of a sample of ≈20% of Jewish and Bedouin children <5 years of age were recorded and all pneumococcal isolates from middle ear fluid were collected. Although antimicrobial drug use was significantly higher in Bedouin children, the proportion of S. pneumoniae isolates with penicillin MIC ≥1.0 μg/mL was significantly higher in Jewish children. In both populations, antimicrobial prescriptions were markedly reduced over time, especially for penicillins and erythromycin. In contrast, azithromycin prescriptions increased from 1998 to 2001 with a parallel increase in macrolide and multidrug resistance. Penicillin resistance was associated with macrolide resistance. These findings strongly suggest that azithromycin affects increased antimicrobial resistance, including multidrug resistance, in S. pneumoniae.
GRAIN YIELD AND GRAIN-MILLING QUALITY AS AFFECTED BY RICE BLAST DISEASE ( Pyricularia grisea ), AT MY THANH NAM, CAI LAY, TIEN GIANG

Grain yield and grain milling quality as affected by blast diseases (Pyricularia grisea) were observed in fields where two systems of cultural practices were applied. The innovational techniques were to apply recommended techniques compare to farmer's practices. The experiment was laid out in total of 15 farmers' fields. OM3536 is a good grain quality variety but susceptible to blast disease. Neck blast infection was sprayed by fungicide "tricyclazole" 20 WP, with dosage of 1 kg ha -1 . Results indicated that serious damage due to neck blast was in the farmers' fields applied old practices (high planting density and high nitrogen application). Fungicide (tricyclazole) sprayed different times at the panicle emergence stage in the old practice plots to control neck blast, but was not effective, while in recommended practices fungicide sprays to control neck blast was effective with less severity of neck blast. Loss in grain yield was from 38.21% to 64.57%. Percentage of reduction from 3.12% to 11.27%, and from 3.67% to 5.07% of head rice and 1000 grain weight, respectively.
A Double-Blind Randomized Clinical Trial Comparing the Effect of Neostigmine and Metoclopramide on Gastric Residual Volume of Mechanically Ventilated ICU Patients

Background: In critically ill patients, enteral feeding through the nasogastric tube is the method of choice for nutritional support. Gastrointestinal feeding intolerance and disturbed gastric emptying are common challenges in these patients. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of Neostigmine and Metoclopramide on gastric residual volume (GRV) in mechanically ventilated ICU patients. Methods: In a double blind, randomized clinical trial, a total of 60 mechanically ventilated ICU patients with GRV >120 mL (3 hours after the last gavage), were randomly assigned into two groups A and B. At baseline and 6 hours later, patients in group A and B received intravenous infusion of neostigmine in a dose of 2.5 mg and metoclopramide in a dose of 10 mg in 100 ml of normal saline, within 30 minutes. Patients’ gastric residual volumes were evaluated before the beginning of the intervention, and 3, 6, 9 and 12 hours after the intervention. Results: After adjusting of other variables (Sex, BMI and ICU stay period) generalized estimating equation (GEE) model revealed that neostigmine treatment increased odds of GRV improvement compare to metoclopramide group (Estimate 1.291, OR= 0.3.64, 95% CI 1.07-12.34). However there is a statistically significant time trend (within-subject differences or time effect) regardless of treatment groups (P<0.001). The median time from intervention to GRV improvement was 6 hours (95% CI 3.75-8.25) and 9 hours (95% CI 7.38-10.17) in neostigmine and metoclopramide groups, respectively. This difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion: It seems that neostigmine is more effective than metoclopramide in reducing GRV and improving gastric emptying in mechanically ventilated ICU patients without significant complication and this protocol may be effective on the tolerance of enteral feeding in ICU patients. Further well-designed randomized clinical trials are needed.
The Systemic Risk Potential in European Banking - Evidence from Bivariate GARCH Models

This paper attempts to assess the Europe-wide systemic risk in banking. We employ a bivariate GARCH model to estimate conditional correlations between European bank stock indices. These correlations are used as an indication for the interdependencies amongst the banking business in Europe and hence for the systemic risk potential. We employ several tests to assess the development of systemic risk: A non-parametric test of constancy of the correlation, a test of parallel shifts in the correlation at pre-specified events, and a test for a linear time trend in the correlations. The results show that many of the conditional correlations exhibit an upward move in the last years. This is an indication that the economic factors determining the European banking business have become more similar and that the systemic risk potential has increased.
Pharmacogenetics of codeine metabolism in an urban population of children and its implications for analgesic reliability.

BACKGROUND Codeine analgesia is wholly or mostly due to its metabolism to morphine by the cytochrome P450 enzyme CYP2D6, which shows significant genetic variation in activity. The aims of this study were to investigate genotype, phenotype and morphine production from codeine in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy, and to compare analgesia from codeine or morphine combined with diclofenac. METHODS Ninety-six children received either codeine 1.5 mg kg(-1) or morphine 0.15 mg kg(-1) in a randomized, double-blind design. Genetic analysis was performed and plasma morphine concentrations at 1 h were determined. Postoperative analgesia and side-effects were recorded. RESULTS Forty-seven per cent of children had genotypes associated with reduced enzyme activity. Mean (SD) morphine concentrations were significantly lower (P<0.001) after codeine [4.5 (0.3) ng ml(-1)] than after morphine [24.7 (1.5) ng ml(-1)], and morphine and its metabolites were not detected in 36% of children given codeine. There was a significant relationship between phenotype and plasma morphine (P=0.02). More children required rescue analgesia after codeine at both 2 (P<0.05) and 4 h after administration (P<0.01). Fifty-six per cent of children vomited after morphine and 29% after codeine (P<0.01). Neither phenotype nor morphine concentration was correlated with either pain score or the need for rescue analgesia (r=-0.21, 95% confidence interval -0.4, -0.01). CONCLUSIONS Reduced ability for codeine metabolism may be more common than previously reported. Plasma morphine concentration 1 h after codeine is very low, and related to phenotype. Codeine analgesia is less reliable than morphine, but was not well correlated with either phenotype or plasma morphine in this study.
Malnutrition and poverty : magnitude and policy options

The global dimensions of malnutrition are described, and the economic impact of intervention by governments is evaluated. Based on average calorie consumption data from the mid-1960s, it is estimated that 56 percent of the population in the LDCs had calorie deficient diets while another 19 percent had deficits of less than 250 calories per day. With per capita income in all income groups growing at approximately the current rate for overall per capita income growth, and per capita food supply growing just enough to meet the demand generated by the income growth, the total calorie deficit would remain unchanged by 1990. The marginal propensity of spending of on infants' diets from additional family income is extremely low. Alternative policies aimed at improving the nutritional status of the urban target population may be classified as country wide or target group oriented policies. One countrywide policy, a general price subsidy, is considered in terms of cost effectiveness. The target group oriented programs that are examined include a food price subsidy, a food stamp program, and a straight income transfer. Only policies deliberately designed to reallocate food or income can eliminate undernutrition. Statistical tables are appended.
Numbers and proportions of GABA-immunoreactive neurons in different areas of monkey cerebral cortex

The number and proportion of neurons displaying GABA immunoreactivity were determined for 50-micron-wide columns through the thickness of 10 areas of monkey cerebral cortex, including the precentral motor area (area 4), 3 cytoarchitectonic fields of the first somatic sensory area (areas 3b, 1, and 2), 2 areas of parietal association cortex (areas 5 and 7), the first and second visual areas (areas 17 and 18), area 21 of the temporal lobe, and areas of the orbital and lateral frontal cortex. Methods of fixation and immunocytochemical processing were designed to maximize the number of stained cells in 15-micron-thick frozen sections and 1-micron-thick plastic sections. In 8 of the 10 areas the number and proportion of GABA-immunoreactive neurons per 50-micron-wide column were found to be the same (34–43 cells/column; 25% of the total neuronal population). Areas 17 and 3b differed. Area 17 contained 50% more GABA-immunoreactive neurons (52–66 cells/column) but more than twice the total number of neurons, so that the GABA cells made up less than 20% of the total. In 3 monkeys, the number and proportion of GABA- positive neurons per 50-micron-wide column in area 3b were smaller than in adjacent areas of sensorimotor cortex (26–42 cells/column; 19–22%). In 2 other monkeys, the number and proportion (34–43 cells/column; 24– 26%) were the same as in adjacent areas. Despite the similarity among most areas of monkey cortex, within some areas, the number of GABA- positive neurons per 50-micron-wide column varied as much as 30%. These variations form a significant, repeating pattern only in area 18, where narrow bands (150–200 micron wide) of relatively few stained cells alternated with either narrow or wide bands (600–700 micron wide) in which columns contained more cells. The GABA-immunoreactive neurons were unevenly distributed across layers, with every area containing large numbers and proportions of stained cells in layer II, and every area but area 4 displaying a second concentration in the principal thalamocortical recipient layers. In area 4, the number of GABA- positive neurons declined sharply from layer II to layer III and remained low through layer VI. For areas displaying the greatest intra- areal variability, only 1 or 2 layers contributed significantly to that variability (layer IV in area 3b, layers III and V in area 18, and layers II and III in area 17). (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)
Influence of Maternal Obesity and Gestational Weight Gain on Maternal and Foetal Lipid Profile

Fatty acids (FAs) are fundamental for a foetus’s growth, serving as an energy source, structural constituents of cellular membranes and precursors of bioactive molecules, as well as being essential for cell signalling. Long-chain polyunsaturated FAs (LC-PUFAs) are pivotal in brain and visual development. It is of interest to investigate whether and how specific pregnancy conditions, which alter fatty acid metabolism (excessive pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) or gestational weight gain (GWG)), affect lipid supply to the foetus. For this purpose, we evaluated the erythrocyte FAs of mothers and offspring (cord-blood) at birth, in relation to pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG. A total of 435 mothers and their offspring (237 males, 51%) were included in the study. Distribution of linoleic acid (LA) and α-linolenic acid (ALA), and their metabolites, arachidonic acid, dihomogamma linoleic (DGLA) and ecosapentanoic acid, was significantly different in maternal and foetal erythrocytes. Pre-pregnancy BMI was significantly associated with maternal percentage of MUFAs (Coeff: −0.112; p = 0.021), LA (Coeff: −0.033; p = 0.044) and DHA (Coeff. = 0.055; p = 0.0016); inadequate GWG with DPA (Coeff: 0.637; p = 0.001); excessive GWG with docosaexahenoic acid (DHA) (Coeff. = −0.714; p = 0.004). Moreover, pre-pregnancy BMI was associated with foetus percentage of PUFAs (Coeff: −0.172; p = 0.009), omega 6 (Coeff: −0.098; p = 0.015) and DHA (Coeff: −0.0285; p = 0.036), even after adjusting for maternal lipids. Our findings show that maternal GWG affects maternal but not foetal lipid profile, differently from pre-pregnancy BMI, which influences both.