Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Infant safety with antipsychotic therapy in breast-feeding: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND A relatively high number of women may suffer from psychotic symptoms at postpartum onset. Such symptoms may have devastating effects not only on the mothers but also on the later infant's well being. Children born to mothers with psychosis are at increased risk of physiologic, psychological, and personality development disturbance, whereas children born to mothers with bipolar disorder are at increased risk of early-onset psychiatric disorders. Hence, clinicians should consider it imperative to prevent or manage effectively psychotic and affective relapses in new mothers. OBJECTIVES To analyze the literature for information about the safety of first- and second-generation antipsychotics for breast-fed infants in order to individuate the safest treatment option for women who need such medications during puerperium. DATA SOURCES A computerized search was carried out on MEDLINE/PubMed/TOXNET (1950-January 2008). The following key words were used: breast-feeding, lactation, puerperium, psychotropic drugs, atypical antipsychotics, typical antipsychotics, and neuroleptics. CONCLUSIONS No conclusions can be drawn about the risk/benefit profile of the majority of antipsychotic medications in breast-feeding. Hence, when clinicians are forced to start antipsychotic treatment in drug-naive patients, the choice of the safest option should be based on the general effectiveness profile of each agent, with 2 possible exceptions: clozapine (the drug should be considered contraindicated during breast-feeding because of its liability of inducing potential life-threatening events in the infant), and olanzapine (the drug seems to be associated with an increased risk of inducing extrapyramidal reactions in the breast-fed babies). Conversely, in patients who need to continue antipsychotic therapy during breast-feeding, it is suitable to maintain the previous pharmacologic regimen, if known as effective.
Enhanced Osteoconductivity of Positively Charged Titanium Metal

We previously found that a positively charged Ti metal has a higher apatite forming ability in vitro than a non-charged Ti metal. For in vivo analysis using a rabbit model, two types of Ti metal were examined: porous Ti metals heat-treated subsequent to a mixed acid treatment (MHs) and porous Ti metals not heat-treated subsequent to the same mixed acid treatment (MOs). Although MHs and MOs had the same macro- and micro-structure, they had different surface charges. MHs, considered positively charged, had significantly higher bone ingrowth than MOs, considered charged zero. Similarly, MHs had significantly higher percentages of bone–implant contact than MOs at 3- and 6-week. A simple heat treatment made acid-treated porous titanium implants more osteoconductive. These results suggest that a positive charge obtained by a heat treatment enhances bioactivity of acid-treated titanium implants.
Chromosomal Axis Formation and Meiotic Progression in Chicken Oocytes: A Quantitative Analysis

The assembly and disassembly of the synaptonemal complexes (SCs) correlate with the progression of meiotic prophase I. Using immunostaining of the cohesin component SMC3, which is present in the axial elements of the SC, we characterized the synaptic process in chicken oocytes and quantified the frequency of the different prophase stages at hatching and at 3 different ages after hatching. The analysis provides detailed quantitative data regarding the meiotic stages in the chicken ovary showing that the maximum amount of pachytene oocytes is found around hatching and that oocytes reach the diplotene stage 5 days after entering into meiosis. We confirmed the asynchrony of the meiotic development in the female chicken gonad showing that the ovary has a composite population of cells at different stages from day 17 before hatching and for several days after hatching. The significance of these results is discussed in relationship to functional experimental procedures that involve avian oocytes.
Effects of team-based learning on a CS1 course

Many active learning techniques have been used and described over the years, including team-based learning (TBL). While this technique is well established, it is only recently that analyses that compare it to other teaching techniques have been reported. In this paper, we evaluate the impact of team-based learning on two major concerns for computer science instructors: the drop/attrition rates, and students' success in CS1. The results show some major improvements both in terms of the drop rate and students' success, as measured by final exam grades. For example, the number of students obtaining 50% or more on the final exam has increased from 54% to 75.5%. Moreover, the drop rate has decreased from more than 30% to 6.4%.
Testing the Technology Acceptance Model: HIV case managers' intention to use a continuity of care record with context-specific links

Objective. To assess the applicability of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) constructs in explaining HIV case managers’ behavioural intention to use a continuity of care record (CCR) with context-specific links designed to meet their information needs. Design. Data were collected from 94 case managers who provide care to persons living with HIV (PLWH) using an online survey comprising three components: (1) demographic information: age, gender, ethnicity, race, Internet usage and computer experience; (2) mock-up of CCR with context-specific links; and items related to TAM constructs. Data analysis included: principal components factor analysis (PCA), assessment of internal consistency reliability and univariate and multivariate analysis. Results. PCA extracted three factors (Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Barriers to Use), explained variance = 84.9%, Cronbach’s ά = 0.69–0.91. In a linear regression model, Perceived Ease of Use, Perceived Usefulness and Perceived Barriers to Use explained 43.6% (p < 0.001) of the variance in Behavioural Intention to use a CCR with context-specific links. Conclusion. Our study contributes to the evidence base regarding TAM in health care through expanding the type of professional surveyed, study setting and Health Information Technology assessed.
Performance of Adaptive MS-GSC in the Presence of Cochannel Interference

Minimum-selection generalized selection combining (MS-GSC) has been proposed as a power-saving variant of conventional generalized selection combining (GSC). Existing performance results of this scheme are limited to interference-free environments under multipath fading. This paper addresses the scenario when the received desired signal on each diversity branch is corrupted by multiple interfering signals and background noise, wherein desired and undesired signals undergo mutually independent Rayleigh fading. In the absence of perfect tracking of the instantaneous interference power on diversity branches, the adaptation thresholds that are set on the combined signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) to enhance either the spectral efficiency or power efficiency in noise-limited environments may not guarantee the target performance. This paper aims to study the effect of cochannel interference on the performance of bandwidth- and power-efficient SNR-based MS-GSC. Through the analysis, new analytical results for some important performance measures of adaptive MS-GSC schemes are presented. Numerical comparisons to clarify the impact of cochannel interference on the achieved performance of the adaptation schemes under consideration are provided.
Molecular characterization of antibiotic-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from livestock (bovine and swine)

Aim: The aim of this study was to figure the prevalence, phenotypic and genotypic antibiotic resistance (AR) pattern of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine and swine nares. Materials and Methods: Colonies with typical morphology on Baird-Parker agar supplemented with egg-yolk tellurite emulsion were selected and biochemically/genotypically identified as S. aureus. These strains were further subjected to epsilometer test for their sensitivity to various clinically important antibiotics and antibiotic susceptibility testing for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and double-disk diffusion testing was performed by the standard disc diffusion method following CLSI guidelines. S. aureus strains were also tested for the presence of AR genes, viz., blaZ, mecA, aacA-aphD, erm (ermA, ermB, ermC), tet (efflux genes tetK and tetL, tetM and tetO of the ribosomal protection family), and vanA. Results: The nasal cavities of 17 out of 47 randomly selected bovine and 20 out of 28 randomly selected swine were positive for S. aureus, representing the prevalence of 36.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 22.5-49.9) and 71.4% (95% CI: 54.7-88.1), respectively. Most of the S. aureus strains showed higher resistance to penicillin (94.6%, minimal inhibitory concentration [MIC] ≥1.5 µg/ml) followed by ciprofloxacin (56.7%, MIC ≥32 µg/ml) and tetracycline (18.9%, MIC ≥32 µg/ml). About 10-15% of the strains were resistant to gentamicin (MIC 16 µg/ml) and oxacillin (MIC 6-8 µg/ml). None of the strains were resistant to vancomycin (MIC 0.25-1.5 µg/ml). In this study, 32.4% strains were resistant to three or more than three antibiotics and prevalence of this multi-drug resistant S. aureus was 45% (95%CI: 26.6-63.4) and 17.6% (95%CI: 6.7-28.5) in swine and bovine nasal samples, respectively. Four strains from pigs were borderline oxacillin-resistant S. aureus MIC 6-8 µg/ml, but none were mecA positive. Two of these strains were β-lactamase hyperproducers. Among the resistance genes blaZ, tetK, tetL, tetM, ermB, and aacA-aphD were found. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated the absence of mecA and pvl gene, but the presence of multi-drug resistant S. aureus in the nares of healthy animals which has a potential to spread in a community.
Cis-interactions between Notch and its ligands block ligand-independent Notch activity

The Notch pathway is integrated into numerous developmental processes and therefore is fine-tuned on many levels, including receptor production, endocytosis, and degradation. Notch is further characterized by a twofold relationship with its Delta-Serrate (DSL) ligands, as ligands from opposing cells (trans-ligands) activate Notch, whereas ligands expressed in the same cell (cis-ligands) inhibit signaling. We show that cells without both cis- and trans-ligands can mediate Notch-dependent developmental events during Drosophila oogenesis, indicating ligand-independent Notch activity occurs when the receptor is free of cis- and trans-ligands. Furthermore, cis-ligands can reduce Notch activity in endogenous and genetically induced situations of elevated trans-ligand-independent Notch signaling. We conclude that cis-expressed ligands exert their repressive effect on Notch signaling in cases of trans-ligand-independent activation, and propose a new function of cis-inhibition which buffers cells against accidental Notch activity. DOI: http://dx.doi. org/10.7554/eLife.04415. 001
DNA methylation of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4) is associated with brain function involved in processing emotional stimuli.

BACKGROUND The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of fMRI blood oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) reactivity with the level of epigenetic methylation of SLC6A4 in blood DNA from a sample of healthy participants and patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). METHODS We investigated patients with MDD and healthy controls using fMRI and an emotional attention-shifting task. We assessed site-specific DNA methylation of a previously characterized SLC6A4 region in peripheral blood DNA using pyrosequencing. RESULTS Our study involved 25 patients with MDD and 35 healthy controls. Activation in the anterior insula elicited by negative emotional content was significantly positively associated with the degree of SLC6A4 methylation. Significantly negative associations were observed between activation in the posterior insula and the degree of SLC6A4 methylation when judging the geometry of pictures after seeing negative in contrast to positive emotional stimuli. Healthy controls with a high degree of SLC6A4 methylation depicted significantly more activity elicited by positive stimuli in limbic regions and more activity elicited by negative stimuli in limbic as well as cognitive control regions than those with a low degree of SLC6A4 methylation. LIMITATIONS It is impossible to measure methylation directly in the brain and thus we assessed peripheral methylation of SLC6A4. Since the association was cross-sectional, no conclusion about cause and effect can be drawn. CONCLUSION Our study provides further support to the hypothesis that particular DNA methylation states that are associated with brain function during emotion processing are detectable in the periphery.
The Arabidopsis Dynamin-Like Proteins ADL1C and ADL1E Play a Critical Role in Mitochondrial Morphogenesis Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantcell.org/cgi/doi/10.1105/tpc.015222.

Dynamin-related proteins are high molecular weight GTP binding proteins and have been implicated in various biological processes. Here, we report the functional characterization of two dynamin homologs in Arabidopsis, Arabidopsis dynamin-like 1C (ADL1C) and Arabidopsis dynamin-like 1E (ADL1E). ADL1C and ADL1E show a high degree of amino acid sequence similarity with members of the dynamin family. However, both proteins lack the C-terminal Pro-rich domain and the pleckstrin homology domain. Expression of the dominant-negative mutant ADL1C[K48E] in protoplasts obtained from leaf cells caused abnormal mitochondrial elongation. Also, a T-DNA insertion mutation at the ADL1E gene caused abnormal mitochondrial elongation that was rescued by the transient expression of ADL1C and ADL1E in protoplasts. In immunohistochemistry and in vivo targeting experiments in Arabidopsis protoplasts, ADL1C and ADL1E appeared as numerous speckles and the two proteins colocalized. These speckles were partially colocalized with F1-ATPase-γ:RFP, a mitochondrial marker, and ADL2b localized at the tip of mitochondria. These results suggest that ADL1C and ADL1E may play a critical role in mitochondrial fission in plant cells.
On 't Hooft's S-matrix Ansatz for quantum black holes

The S-matrix Ansatz has been proposed by 't Hooft to overcome difficulties and apparent contradictions of standard quantum field theory close to the black hole horizon. In this paper we revisit and explore some of its aspects. We start by computing gravitational backreaction effects on the properties of the Hawking radiation and explain why a more powerful formalism is needed to encode them. We then use the map bulk-boundary fields to investigate the nature of exchange algebras satisfied by operators associated with ingoing and outgoing matter. We propose and comment on some analogies between the non covariant form of the S-matrix amplitude and liquid droplet physics to end up with similarities with string theory amplitudes via an electrostatic analogy. We finally recall the difficulties that one encounters when trying to incorporate non linear gravity effects in 't Hooft's S-matrix and observe how the inclusion of higher order derivatives might help in the black hole microstate counting.
A comparative study of 43 patients with mirror-like intracranial aneurysms: risk factors, treatment, and prognosis

Background and objective Mirror-like intracranial aneurysms (MirAn) occur symmetrically at the corresponding intracranial arteries and are a subgroup of multiple intracranial aneurysms. The aim of this study was to analyze the risk factors, treatment, and prognosis of MirAn. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 43 cases of MirAn diagnosed between January 2000 and December 2009. The control groups comprised patients with non-mirror-like multiple aneurysms (nMirAn) and single aneurysms (SingAn). Sex, age, localization of MirAn, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and rupture were identified as potential risk factors for MirAn. Results The male to female ratio of the MirAn patients was 1.0:5.1, which was significantly different from that of the nMirAn patients (1.0:1.9, P=0.037) and SingAn patients (1.0:1.3, P<0.001). There was no difference in age (P=0.8741), smoking (P=0.301), diabetes (P=0.267), or hypertension (P=0.874) between the MirAn and nMirAn patients. The aneurysms in 28 MirAn patients (65.1%) involved the internal carotid-posterior communicating arteries; in these patients, the rupture risk was significantly higher for larger aneurysms compared with smaller aneurysms (P<0.05). Conclusion More women suffered from MirAn than nMirAn or SingAn. The most common MirAn sites were the internal carotid-posterior communicating arteries. Our results suggest that MirAn was not associated with age, smoking, hypertension, or diabetes.
Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in a nigerian population

Hypertension is a major public health problem. Due to paucity of data, the burden of hypertension in Nigeria might be underestimated. Estimating the prevalence of hypertension in populations of Nigeria would be useful in efforts to control hypertension and prevent its consequences. This survey aimed to assess the prevalence, detection, treatment and control of hypertension in Nsukka, a city located in South-Eastern Nigeria. Hypertension prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control (outcomes) were examined in 756 adult participants (364 men and 392 women) aged 18 years and above. Blood pressure (BP) of the participants was measured and they also answered a detailed questionnaire. Hypertension was defined as BP ≥ 140 for systolic BP and or ≥ 90 mm Hg for diastolic BP or being on antihypertensive therapy. Prevalence of hypertension was 21.1%. Men had higher prevalence of high BP compared to women. Systolic and diastolic BP increased with age in both men and women. Detection of high BP in participants with raised blood pressure was 40.3% and 24.7% for males and females respectively. Only 23.7% and 17.5% of males and females respectively with high BP were on antihypertensive treatment while 5.0% of males and 17.5% of females with hypertension were controlled. Prevalence of hypertension was comparable with other studies in Nigeria and Africa. The results showed a poor detection, treatment and control of hypertension. This underscores the need for comprehensive evaluation of the prevalence of hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases in Nigeria.
An Active Ac/Ds Transposon System for Activation Tagging in Tomato Cultivar M82 Using Clonal Propagation1[W][OA]

A transposon tagging system was used to develop 509 activation-tagged lines through micropropagation of derived transgenic launchpads. Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is a model organism for Solanaceae in both molecular and agronomic research. This project utilized Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation and the transposon-tagging construct Activator (Ac)/Dissociator (Ds)-ATag-Bar_gosGFP to produce activation-tagged and knockout mutants in the processing tomato cultivar M82. The construct carried hygromycin resistance (hyg), green fluorescent protein (GFP), and the transposase (TPase) of maize (Zea mays) Activator major transcript X054214.1 on the stable Ac element, along with a 35S enhancer tetramer and glufosinate herbicide resistance (BAR) on the mobile Ds-ATag element. An in vitro propagation strategy was used to produce a population of 25 T0 plants from a single transformed plant regenerated in tissue culture. A T1 population of 11,000 selfed and cv M82 backcrossed progeny was produced from the functional T0 line. This population was screened using glufosinate herbicide, hygromycin leaf painting, and multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Insertion sites of transposed Ds-ATag elements were identified through thermal asymmetric interlaced PCR, and resulting product sequences were aligned to the recently published tomato genome. A population of 509 independent, Ds-only transposant lines spanning all 12 tomato chromosomes has been developed. Insertion site analysis demonstrated that more than 80% of these lines harbored Ds insertions conducive to activation tagging. The capacity of the Ds-ATag element to alter transcription was verified by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR in two mutant lines. The transposon-tagged lines have been immortalized in seed stocks and can be accessed through an online database, providing a unique resource for tomato breeding and analysis of gene function in the background of a commercial tomato cultivar.
Silencing TRPM7 in Mouse Cortical Astrocytes Impairs Cell Proliferation and Migration via ERK and JNK Signaling Pathways

Transient receptor potential melastatin 7 (TRPM7), a non-selective cation channel, is highly expressed expressed in the brain and plays a critical role in ischemic neuronal death. Astrocyte, the most abundant cell type in central nervous system (CNS), exerts many essential functions in the physiological and pathological conditions. Here we investigated the expression and functions of the TRPM7 channel in mouse cortical astrocytes. Using reverse transcription (RT)-PCR, immunostaining, western blot and patch clamp recording, we showed that functional TRPM7 channel is expressed in cultured mouse cortical astrocytes. Knocking down TRPM7 with specific siRNA impairs the proliferation and migration of astrocytes by 40.2% ± 3.9% and 40.1% ± 11.5%, respectively. Consistently, inhibition of TRPM7 with 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB) also decreases astrocyte proliferation and migration by 46.1% ± 2.5% and 64.2% ± 2.4%. MAPKs and Akt signaling pathways have been shown to be implicated in TRPM7-mediated responses including cell proliferation and migration. Our data show that suppression of TRPM7 in astrocytes reduces the phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), but not p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and Akt. In addition, TRPM7, as a cation channel, has been involved in the Ca2+ and Mg2+ homeostasis in several types of cells. In our study, we found that silencing TRPM7 decreases the intracellular basal Mg2+ concentration without affecting Ca2+ concentration in astrocytes. However, an addition of Mg2+ to the growth medium could not rescue the impaired proliferation of astrocytes. Together, our data suggest that TRPM7 channel may play a critical role in the proliferation and migration of astrocytes via the ERK and JNK pathways.
μ-δ Opioid Receptor Functional Interaction: Insight Using Receptor-G Protein Fusions

Fusion proteins between a receptor and a pertussis toxin-insensitive Giα subunit were used to gain insight into the molecular interactions that take place upon μ and δ opioid receptor heterodimerization. When μ opioid receptor-Gi1α fusions were coexpressed with nonfused δ opioid receptors in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, or vice versa, receptor heterodimers were detected by coimmunoprecipitation. In pertussis toxin-treated cells, receptor coexpression decreased the amount of guanosine 5′-O-(3-[35S]thio)triphosphate ([35S]GTPγS) incorporated in the fused Gα protein after the addition of agonists specific for the receptor-Gi1α fusion. In addition, activation of the Gα protein occurred in heterodimers upon addition of an agonist specific for the nonfused receptor. It remained unaffected by an inverse agonist specific for the receptor-Gi1α fusion. These data suggest that signaling through the receptor-Gi1α fusion protein is impaired in heterodimers and support a mechanism in which activation of the Gα subunit is promoted by a direct interaction with the nonfused receptor. Alternatively, receptor coexpression did not modify the ligand binding properties for the high-affinity state of the receptor-Gi1α fusion nor the EC50 values for agonist-induced [35S]GTPγS incorporation in the Gi1α subunit. In addition, no binding competition was observed between δ and μ ligands. Together, the data point to μ-δ opioid receptor heterodimers formed by contact interactions between monomers that retain their structural integrity.