Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can the Neural Basis of Repression Be Studied in the MRI Scanner? New Insights from Two Free Association Paradigms

Background The psychodynamic theory of repression suggests that experiences which are related to internal conflicts become unconscious. Previous attempts to investigate repression experimentally were based on voluntary, intentional suppression of stimulus material. Unconscious repression of conflict-related material is arguably due to different processes, but has never been studied with neuroimaging methods. Methods We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) in addition with skin conductance recordings during two free association paradigms to identify the neural mechanisms underlying forgetting of freely associated words according to repression theory. Results In the first experiment, free association to subsequently forgotten words was accompanied by increases in skin conductance responses (SCRs) and reaction times (RTs), indicating autonomic arousal, and by activation of the anterior cingulate cortex. These findings are consistent with the hypothesis that these associations were repressed because they elicited internal conflicts. To test this idea more directly, we conducted a second experiment in which participants freely associated to conflict-related sentences. Indeed, these associations were more likely to be forgotten than associations to not conflict-related sentences and were accompanied by increases in SCRs and RTs. Furthermore, we observed enhanced activation of the anterior cingulate cortex and deactivation of hippocampus and parahippocampal cortex during association to conflict-related sentences. Conclusions These two experiments demonstrate that high autonomic arousal during free association predicts subsequent memory failure, accompanied by increased activation of conflict-related and deactivation of memory-related brain regions. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that during repression, explicit memory systems are down-regulated by the anterior cingulate cortex.
MERIT-Infonomics Research Memorandum series On The Variance of Market Innovation with the Number of Firms

This paper models a dynamic innovation process to examine the relationship between levels of R&D and market structure. In contrast to most of the literature the model includes positive feedbacks within the R&D process of a rm, wherein one output of R&D is knowledge, and accumulating knowledge in the present makes future R&D less costly. This creates a feedback by which market structures can a ect steady state levels of R&D. We nd that in general while an increase in the number of rms in an industry reduces R&D per rm this e ect is sub-linear so industry R&D increases. The model also endogenizes the number of rms, using a zero pro t condition. Finally, welfare e ects are discussed. JEL Classi cation: L00, L01, L02, O3.
The orbit and mass of the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy

Possible orbital histories of the Sgr dwarf galaxy are explored. A special-purpose N-body code is used to construct the first models of the Milky Way–Sgr dwarf system in which both the Milky Way and the Sgr dwarf are represented by full N-body systems and followed for a Hubble time. These models are used to calibrate a semi-analytic model of the Sgr dwarf's orbit that enables us to explore a wider parameter space than is accessible to the N-body models. We conclude that the extant data on the Sgr dwarf are compatible with a wide range of orbital histories. At one extreme the Sgr dwarf initially possesses ∼1011 M⊙ and starts from a Galactocentric distance RD(0)≳200 kpc. At the other extreme the Sgr dwarf starts with ∼109 M⊙ and RD(0)∼60 kpc, similar to its present apocentric distance. In all cases the Sgr dwarf is initially dark matter dominated and the current velocity dispersion of the Sgr dwarf's dark matter is tightly constrained to be 21±2 km s−1. This number is probably compatible with the smaller measured dispersion of the Sgr dwarf's stars because of (i) the dynamical difference between dark and luminous matter, and (ii) velocity anisotropy.
Parallel programming with coordination structures

Parallel programs display two fundamentally different kinds of execution behavior: synchronous and asynchronous. Some methodologies, such as distributed data structures, are best suited to the construction of asynchronous programs. In this paper, we propose a methodology for synchronous parallel programming based on the notion of a coordination structure, a direct representation of the multidimensional dataflow patterns common to synchronous programs. We introduce Delirium, a language in which one can concisely express many useful coordination structures.
Incidence and predictors of unplanned non-target lesion revascularisation up to three years after drug-eluting stent implantation: insights from a pooled analysis of the RESOLUTE Global Clinical Trial Program.

AIMS To compare the incidence and predictors of target lesion revascularisation (TLR) and non-TLR after percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents (DES). METHODS AND RESULTS We pooled patient-level data on 6,137 patients (Resolute zotarolimus-eluting stent: 5,016, XIENCE everolimus-eluting stent: 1,121) in the RESOLUTE Global Program. At three years, clinically driven TLR, unplanned non-TLR, and no revascularisation occurred in 186, 618, and 5,333 patients, respectively. On multivariate analysis, predictors of both TLR and non-TLR were pre-procedure diameter stenosis (%) (odds ratio [OR] 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.01-1.02], and OR 0.99 [0.99-1.00]), diabetes (OR 1.46 [1.07-1.99], and OR 1.37 [1.15-1.64]), and prior PCI (OR 1.42 [1.01-2.00], and OR 1.41 [1.18-1.68]). Baseline characteristics associated with TLR only were prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery (OR 2.85 [1.91-4.27]), in-stent restenosis (OR 2.35 [1.43-3.83]), age (OR 0.98 per year [0.97-1.00]), hypertension (OR 1.64 [1.10-2.44]), and pre-procedure reference vessel diameter (OR 0.74 per mm [0.55-0.99]). Baseline characteristics associated with non-TLR only were lesion location (left anterior descending vs. all others) (OR 0.70 [0.59-0.83]), and hyperlipidaemia (OR 1.42 [1.15-1.75]). CONCLUSIONS The cumulative incidence of non-TLR at three years in patients treated with current-generation DES was almost three times higher than TLR.
Some social and phenomenological characteristics of psychotic immigrants

Synopsis Various studies have shown: (i) increased rates of psychoses in immigrants to Britain, and a particularly high rate of schizophrenia in the West Indian- and West African-born; and (ii) a greater proportion of atypical psychoses in immigrants. A retrospective study of psychotic inpatients from a London psychiatric unit demonstrated increased rates of schizophrenia in patients from the Caribbean and West Africa. These patients included a high proportion of those with paranoid and religious phenomenology, those with frequent changes of diagnosis, formal admissions, and married women. The West Indian-born had been in Britain for nearly 10 years before first seeing a psychiatrist and, if they had an illness with religious symptomatology, were likely to have been in hospital for only 3 weeks. Rates of schizophrenia without paranoid phenomenology were similar in each ethnic group. It is suggested that the increase in the diagnosis of schizophrenia in the West Indian- born, and possibly in the West African-born, may be due in part to the occurrence of acute psychotic reactions which are diagnosed as schizophrenia.
Deflections of a simply supported rectangular sandwich plate subjected to transverse loads

"The differential equations of the bending of sandwich plates were integrated to obtain the deflections when the four edges of the plate are simply supported and the loading consists of either a uniformly distributed transverse load or a concentrated load applied at the center of the panel. The deflection patterns are shown in diagrams and the maximum deflection of the plate is presented in a number of graphs" (p. 1).
Selecting Content Ontology Design Patterns for Ontology Quality Improvement

While Ontology Design Patterns (ODPs) are intended to support the process of ontology engineering, they can also be used in order to improve existing ontologies. This paper describes strategies for the selection of candidate ODPs that qualify for the improvement of a given ontology. Starting point is the ExpertFinder ontology that allows for competency description of researchers. ODP selection strategies are performed on content ODPs from the ODP wiki-portal that was initiated by the NeOn-project. Lessons learned and problems faced are discussed, and possible future developments are mapped out.
Distributed Average Consensus With Dithered Quantization

In this paper, we develop algorithms for distributed computation of averages of the node data over networks with bandwidth/power constraints or large volumes of data. Distributed averaging algorithms fail to achieve consensus when deterministic uniform quantization is adopted. We propose a distributed algorithm in which the nodes utilize probabilistically quantized information, i.e., dithered quantization, to communicate with each other. The algorithm we develop is a dynamical system that generates sequences achieving a consensus at one of the quantization values almost surely. In addition, we show that the expected value of the consensus is equal to the average of the original sensor data. We derive an upper bound on the mean-square-error performance of the probabilistically quantized distributed averaging (PQDA). Moreover, we show that the convergence of the PQDA is monotonic by studying the evolution of the minimum-length interval containing the node values. We reveal that the length of this interval is a monotonically nonincreasing function with limit zero. We also demonstrate that all the node values, in the worst case, converge to the final two quantization bins at the same rate as standard unquantized consensus. Finally, we report the results of simulations conducted to evaluate the behavior and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in various scenarios.
The Medical Face Lift: A Noninvasive, Nonsurgical Approach to Tissue Tightening in Facial Skin Using Nonablative Radiofrequency

BACKGROUND Traditional surgical rhytidectomy is aimed at correcting facial skin that is sagging, which is caused by excessive skin laxity as a result of photoaging. Operating room facilities, general anesthesia, and a skilled surgeon are needed. The patient has recuperation time, which may be prolonged if complications arise. Incision lines are where they could be easily camouflaged or where they blend with natural lines. Nevertheless, healing of surgical wounds and concurrent scars are seen in all patients. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the function of a novel technology that tightens tissue, using energy in the radiofrequency segment of the electromagnetic spectrum to produce internal heat within the skin. METHODS Fifteen patients had one treatment session under topical anesthesia and without sedation. Ages ranged from 41 to 68 years. The total treatment time lasted 40 minutes or less. A new radiofrequency unit with concurrent delivery of a cryogen spray to spare the epidermis from burning was used. Pain was used as a clinical indicator of maximum tolerable energy delivered. No postoperative care was needed. RESULTS All patients experienced minimal discomfort and were able to return to their normal activities right away. One patient did not respond to this treatment. For all of the others, visible results appeared approximately 12 weeks after the treatment session. In one patient, however, the results started at only 1 week after treatment. Four independent physicians outside of the study reviewed standardized photographs to evaluate results. The patients were followed for 6 to 14 months. CONCLUSION Fourteen of 15 patients obtained cosmetic improvement from facial skin tightening induced by a novel nonlaser, nonablative, noninvasive source. Nonablative radiofrequency is a safe and effective method to achieve tissue tightening of the face to correct excessive sagging from photoaging. Patients had visible results as early as 1 week and generally within 3 months after the procedure without wounding or scarring.
DCEP -Digital Corpus of the European Parliament

We are presenting a new highly multilingual document-aligned parallel corpus called DCEP - Digital Corpus of the European Parliament. It consists of various document types covering a wide range of subject domains. With a total of 1.37 billion words in 23 languages (253 language pairs), gathered in the course of ten years, this is the largest single release of documents by a European Union institution. DCEP contains most of the content of the European Parliament’s official Website. It includes different document types produced between 2001 and 2012, excluding only the documents already exist in the Europarl corpus to avoid overlapping. We are presenting the typical acquisition steps of the DCEP corpus: data access, document alignment, sentence splitting, normalisation and tokenisation, and sentence alignment efforts. The sentence-level alignment is still in progress but based on some first experiments; we showed that DCEP is very useful for NLP applications, in particular for Statistical Machine Translation.
Housework, paid work and psychiatric symptoms.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the hypothesis that work burden, the simultaneous engagement in paid work and unpaid family housework, is a potential risk factor for psychiatric symptoms among women. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out with 460 women randomly selected from a poor area of the city of Salvador, Brazil. Women between 18 to 70 years old, who reported having a paid occupation or were involved in unpaid domestic activities for their families, were eligible. Work burden-related variables were defined as: a) double work shift, i.e., simultaneous engagement in a paid job plus unpaid housework; and b) daily working time. Psychiatric symptoms were collected through a validated questionnaire, the QMPA. RESULTS Positive, statistically significant associations between high (>7 symptoms) QMPA scores and either double work shift (prevalence ratio - PR=2.04, 95% confidence interval - CI: 1.16, 2.29) or more than 10 hours of daily work time (PR=2.29, 95% CI: 1.96, 3.43) were found after adjustment for age, marital status and number of pre-school children. CONCLUSIONS Major correlates of high QMPA scores are work burden variables. Being married or having pre-school children are also associated with high QMPA scores only when associated with work burden.
Translating aboveground cosmic-ray neutron intensity to high-frequency soil moisture profiles at sub-kilometer scale

Above-ground cosmic-ray neutron measurements provide an opportunity to infer soil moisture at the sub-kilometer scale. Initial efforts to assimilate those measurements have shown promise. This study expands such analysis by investigating (1) how the information from aboveground cosmic-ray neutrons can constrain the soil moisture at distinct depths simulated by a land surface model, and (2) how changes in data availability (in terms of retrieval frequency) impact the dynamics of simulated soil moisture profiles. We employ ensemble data assimilation techniques in a "nearly-identical twin" experiment applied at semi-arid shrubland, rainfed agricultural field, and mixed forest biomes in the USA. The performance of the Noah land surface model is compared with and without assimilation of observations at hourly intervals, as well as every 2 days. Synthetic observations of aboveground cosmic-ray neutrons better constrain the soil moisture simulated by Noah in root-zone soil layers (0–100cm), despite the limited measurement depth of the sensor (estimated to be 12–20cm). The ability of Noah to reproduce a "true" soil moisture profile is remarkably good, regardless of the frequency of observations at the semi-arid site. However, soil moisture profiles are better constrained when assimilating synthetic cosmic-ray neutron observations hourly rather than every 2 days at the cropland and mixed forest sites. This indicates potential benefits for hydrometeorological modeling when soil moisture measurements are available at a relatively high frequency. Moreover, differences in summertime meteorological forcing between the semi-arid site and the other two sites may indicate a possible controlling factor to soil moisture dynamics in addition to differences in soil and vegetation properties.
Performance Evaluation of Multimedia Applications over an OLSR-Based Mobile Ad Hoc Network Using OPNET

Mobile ad hoc network architecture allows cheap and easy deployment of network services almost anywhere and at anytime. Besides Internet access which is a best-effort service, multimedia applications are the most requested. They usually impose stringent quality of service constraints in terms of metrics including bandwidth, end-to-end delay, jitter and loss rate. In this paper, we evaluate the performance of a QoS extension of the OLSR protocol on voice communication using the OPNET simulator. The network model can represent various locations like railway stations, Campus University or traffic jam. We describe the performance end users involved in voice communication session can expect, even in presence of other traffics, like file transfer between other users in the same network.
Implicit-Explicit Runge-Kutta schemes and finite elements with symmetric stabilization for advection-diffusion equations

We analyze a two-stage implicit-explicit Runge–Kutta scheme for time discretization of advection-diffusion equations. Space discretization uses continuous, piecewise affine finite elements with interelement gradient jump penalty; discontinuous Galerkin methods can be considered as well. The advective and stabilization operators are treated explicitly, whereas the diffusion operator is treated implicitly. Our analysis hinges on L 2 -energy estimates on discrete functions in physical space. Our main results are stability and quasi-optimal error estimates for smooth solutions under a standard hyperbolic CFL restriction on the time step, both in the advection-dominated and in the diffusion-dominated regimes. The theory is illustrated by numerical examples.
Hyperosmolar Solution Effects in Guinea Pig Airways. II. Epithelial Bioelectric Responses to Relative Changes in Osmolarity

Osmotic challenge of airways alters the bioelectric properties of the airway epithelium and induces the release of factors that modulate smooth muscle tone. Recent studies in our laboratory suggested that methacholine-contracted airways relax in response to incremental increases in osmolarity, rather than from cell shrinkage or absolute solute concentration. In the present study, guinea pig tracheae were mounted in Ussing chambers to elucidate the bioelectric effects of challenge of the epithelium with hyperosmolar and isosmolar solutions. Transepithelial short-circuit current (Isc) across tracheae stimulated with basolateral methacholine was inhibited by apical amiloride, apical 5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid, basolateral bumetanide, basolateral ouabain, and Cl--free solution, but not by basolateral iberiotoxin. Apical hyperosmolar challenge with NaCl variably decreased or increasedIsc, butl-mannitol (l-M) always inhibitedIsc; bumetanide attenuated decreases inIsc. The effects of the transport blockers depended upon whether Isc was initially decreased or increased. Unique concentration-dependent changes in Isc and transepithelial resistance (Rt) were observed when ionic (NaCl and KCl), nonionic impermeant (l-M and sucrose), and nonionic permeant (urea) osmolytes were added to the apical and basolateral baths. At concentrations that doubled the osmolarity of the apical bath, l-M, urea, and N-methyl-l-glucamine-gluconate (NMDG-Glu) decreased Isc. Apical isosmolar NMDG-Glu solution decreased Isc, and additional NMDG-Glu caused a further decrease in Isc. Inclusion of one permeant ion, either Na+,K+, or Cl-, reversed the response to apical isosmolar and hyperosmolar solutions. Thus, bioelectric responses of the airway epithelium to hyperosmolar solution are induced by incremental increases in osmolarity.
Predictive autonomous robot navigation

This paper considers the problem of a robot navigating in a crowded or congested environment. A robot operating in such an environment can get easily blocked by moving humans and other objects. To deal with this problem it is proposed to attempt to predict the motion trajectory of humans and obstacles. Two kinds of prediction are considered: short-term and long-term. The short-term prediction refers to the one-step ahead prediction and the long-term to the prediction of the final destination point of the obstacle's movement. The robot movement is controlled by a partially observable Markov decision process (POMDP). POMDPs are utilized because of their ability to model information about the robot's location and sensory information in a probabilistic manner. The solution of a POMDP is computationally expensive and thus a hierarchical representation of POMDPs is used.
Ethyl pyruvate promotes spinal cord repair by ameliorating the glial microenvironment

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers a series of endogenous processes, including neuroinflammation and reactive astrogliosis, which may contribute to the failure of neural regeneration and functional recovery. In the present study, the effect of ethyl pyruvate on spinal cord repair was explored.
CMOS Full-Adders for Energy-Efficient Arithmetic Applications

We present two high-speed and low-power full-adder cells designed with an alternative internal logic structure and pass-transistor logic styles that lead to have a reduced power-delay product (PDP). We carried out a comparison against other full-adders reported as having a low PDP, in terms of speed, power consumption and area. All the full-adders were designed with a 0.18-μm CMOS technology, and were tested using a comprehensive testbench that allowed to measure the current taken from the full-adder inputs, besides the current provided from the power-supply. Post-layout simulations show that the proposed full-adders outperform its counterparts exhibiting an average PDP advantage of 80%, with only 40% of relative area.
Oceanic Restratification Forced by Surface Frontogenesis

Potential vorticity (PV) conservation implies a strong constraint on the time evolution of the mean density at a given depth. The authors show that, on an f plane and in the absence of sources and sinks of PV, it only depends on two terms, namely, the time evolution of the product between density anomaly and relative vorticity and the vertical PV flux. This primitive equation result, which applies at any depth, suggests that the ageostrophic dynamics induced by baroclinic eddies strongly affect the mean oceanic stratification profile. This result is illustrated for two simple initial-value simulations of a baroclinic, balanced jet. For initial situations propitious to surface frontogenesis, the simulations show a restratification over the whole water column characterized by the amplification in time of the Brunt–Vaisala frequency in the upper oceanic layers. In the absence of surface frontogenesis, such as when the jet is initialized at the middepth of the water column, the restratification is much weaker and slower. Because both simulations have similar kinetic energy and growth rate of baroclinic instability, the results clearly reveal that the restratification is driven by surface frontogenesis in the first case and by vertical PV flux in the interior in the second case. The authors also point out that the dynamics of the interior PV is tightly related to the surface dynamics because of total mass conservation.