Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Effect of Focus Instructions on Dart Throwing Performance in Children With and Without Developmental Coordination Disorder

Background. Adults benefit more from external focus than internal focus when performing motor skills. Objectives. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of internal and external focus of attention on dart throwing performance in children with and without developmental coordination disorder. Methods. Twenty men, 20 normal boys and 20 boys with developmental coordination disorder were selected by Motor Observation Questionnaire for Teachers. The task was to throw the darts to the target which was performed in two experimental conditions including internal (related to the movements of the fingers and arm) and external (related to target and dart’s course) focus of attention. Results. The results of ANOVA with repeated measures indicated that along with Constrained Action Hypothesis, adults performed better in condition of external focus of attention. However, for normal children, the use of internal focus of attention was more effective and in children with developmental coordination disorder, no significant difference between two conditions was found. Conclusion. According to results of this study, therapists and coaches should adjust their methods and instructions based on age, experience and developmental conditions of individuals.
and -A3 Multiple Epitopes and Restricted by HLA-A2 and Elicit High-Affinity T Cells Reactive to Simultaneously Present Multiple Specificities Vector Carrying the Human gp100 Gene Dendritic Cells Infected with a Vaccinia

To investigate the ability of human dendritic cells (DC) to process and present multiple epitopes from the gp100 melanoma tumor-associated Ags (TAA), DC from melanoma patients expressing HLA-A2 and HLA-A3 were pulsed with gp100-derived peptides G 9 154, G 9 209, or G 9 280 or were infected with a vaccinia vector (Vac-Pmel/gp100) containing the gene for gp100 and used to elicit CTL from autologous PBL. CTL were also generated after stimulation of PBL with autologous tumor. CTL induced with autologous tumor stimulation demonstrated HLA-A2-restricted, gp100-speciﬁc lysis of autologous and allogeneic tumors and no lysis of HLA-A3-expressing, gp100 1 target cells. CTL generated by G 9 154, G 9 209, or G 9 280 peptide-pulsed, DC-lysed, HLA-A2-matched EBV transformed B cells pulsed with the corresponding peptide. CTL generated by Vac-Pmel/gp100-infected DC (DC/Pmel) lysed HLA-A2- or HLA-A3-matched B cell lines pulsed with the HLA-A2-restricted G 9 154, G 9 209, or G 9 280 or with the HLA-A3-restricted G 9 17 peptide derived from gp100. Furthermore, these DC/Pmel-induced CTL demonstrated potent cytotoxicity against allogeneic HLA-A2- or HLA-A3-matched gp100 1 melanoma cells and autologous tumor. We conclude that DC-expressing TAA present multiple gp100 epitopes in the context of multiple HLA class I-restricting alleles and elicit CTL that recognize multiple gp100-derived peptides in the context of multiple HLA class I alleles. The data suggest that for tumor immunotherapy, genetically modiﬁed DC that express an entire TAA may present the full array of possible CTL epitopes in the context of all possible HLA alleles and may be superior to DC pulsed with limited numbers of deﬁned peptides. The Journal of Immunology, 2000, 164: 4204–4211.
Study on the recombination rate of space charge in LDPE film during the short-circuit discharge process by photon calculation

In this paper, recombination rate of charge in low density polyethylene (LDPE) film was figured out by measuring the photon released from the film when the film was short-circuit discharge after been set to high voltage of direct current (HVDC) for certain duration. Under a series of designed condition including changing the polarity of HVDC, the value of applied field and the time duration of applied field, the number of photon was measured to calculate the charges' combination rate. The result showed that the recombination rate was sensitive to the applied filed but insensitive to the applying duration, and when the field was higher than 80MV/m, the number of released photon increased slowly. With the usage of date obtained both from our experiment and other papers, the luminous efficiency of LDPE film was calculated out with the result of 5.9×10−6, and the charges' recombination rate during 0.2 second at the beginning stage of short-circuit is around 2.8%.
An efficient method for removing random-valued impulse noise

In this paper, we propose an efficient two-stage iterative method for removing random-valued impulse noise. In the first phase, we use the adaptive center-weighted median filter to identify pixels which are likely to be corrupted by noise. In the second phase, these noise candidates are restored by using an efficient median filter based method. These two phases are applied alternatively. Extensive computer simulation results indicate that the proposed method provides some improvement over many of the well-known method in random noise removal while preserving low computational complexity.
Clinical effectiveness of posaconazole prophylaxis in patients with acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML): a 6 year experience of the Cologne AML cohort.

BACKGROUND Large randomized controlled trials have shown significant decreases in morbidity and mortality in leukaemia patients with posaconazole prophylaxis. However, the value of prophylaxis has been questioned in centres with a low incidence of invasive fungal diseases (IFDs) and pre-emptive treatment strategies. METHODS We prospectively evaluated the epidemiology of IFDs in acute myelogenous leukaemia (AML) patients undergoing first remission-induction chemotherapy before and after posaconazole prophylaxis had been introduced as a standard of care. Patients admitted from January 2003 to December 2005 received topical polyenes as antifungal prophylaxis (first group), while those admitted between January 2006 and December 2008 received 200 mg of oral posaconazole three times daily (second group). Other diagnostic and therapeutic standard operating procedures remained unchanged. RESULTS A total of 82 patients in the polyene prophylaxis group and 77 in the posaconazole prophylaxis group were included in the final analysis. Baseline characteristics were well matched between groups. Patients receiving topical polyene prophylaxis were more likely to experience breakthrough IFDs (19.5% and 3.9%; P = 0.003) or breakthrough aspergillosis (13.4% and 2.6%; P = 0.018) than patients receiving systemic posaconazole prophylaxis. They also had more febrile days (mean 10.7 +/- 9.66 and 7.3 +/- 5.73; P = 0.007), longer need for inpatient treatment (mean 53.0 +/- 24.16 and 46.0 +/- 14.39; P = 0.026) and a shorter fungal-free survival (78.7 and 90.4 days; P = 0.024). No significant differences were observed for persistent fever, pneumonia, lung infiltrates indicative of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, or attributable and overall mortality. CONCLUSIONS After introduction of posaconazole prophylaxis for patients with AML, the number of febrile days, the incidence rate of IFDs and aspergillosis and the duration of hospitalization decreased significantly.
Comparing the Performance of L*A*B* and HSV Color Spaces with Respect to Color Image Segmentation

Color image segmentation is a very emerging topic for image processing research. Since it has the ability to present the result in a way that is much more close to the human eyes perceive, so today's more research is going on this area. Choosing a proper color space is a very important issue for color image segmentation process. Generally L*A*B* and HSV are the two frequently chosen color spaces. In this paper a comparative analysis is performed between these two color spaces with respect to color image segmentation. For measuring their performance, we consider the parameters: mse and psnr . It is found that HSV color space is performing better than L*A*B*.
Gender Differences among Professional Football Fans: Serious Leisure, Emotional Expressivity, and Cognitive Distortions

Increasingly, people report that leisure activity gives their lives meaning and significantly contributes to the formation of their personal identities. In fact, many individuals rank leisure activities as essential as work, family, and religion. (Gillespie, Leffler, & Lerner, 2010; Stebbins, 1992). Recent research has demonstrated that leisure involvement provides psychological benefits that contribute to wellbeing for both men and women (Caltabiano, 1995; Kim, Heo, Lee, & Kim, 2015). National Football League (NFL) fandom in the U.S. has been identified as a leisure activity that supersedes traditional gender norms and provides opportunities for family and group involvement. Although fandom has been examined as a social phenomenon, the literature regarding emotional and cognitive consequences of fan experience is sparse. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relative influence of levels of leisure involvement, emotional expressivity, and cognitive distortions in male and female NFL fans when exposed to high-stakes, game-related stimuli. NFL fans were measured on variables of leisure involvement, emotional expression and cognitive distortions, using the Serious Leisure Inventory Measure (Gould, Moore, McGuire, & Stebbins, 2008), the Berkeley Expressivity Questionnaire Gross & John, 1995) and the Inventory of Cognitive Distortions (Yurica, 2001), following exposure to an emotional NFL fandom stimulus, after being randomly assigned to either a win or a loss condition. Results revealed that women demonstrated higher emotional expressivity (positive, negative, impulse strength, and overall) and more cognitive distortions. Being female and having higher levels of fan involvement were predictive of cognitive distortions. Finally, men and women did not differ in levels of fandom involvement. GENDER & FOOTBALL FANS vi TABLE OF CONTENTS Acknowledgements.iii Abstract.v Table of
Association of physical activity and sedentary behavior with biological markers among U.S. pregnant women.

BACKGROUND To examine the association between objectively measured light-intensity and moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behaviors, and biological markers in a national sample of U.S. pregnant women, as few studies have examined these relationships among this population. METHODS The sample of noninstitutionalized U.S. civilians was selected by a complex, multistage probability design. Data from the 2003-2006 National Health and Examination Survey were used. Two hundred six pregnant women were included in the data analysis. Physical activity and sedentary data were objectively measured via accelerometry (ActiGraph 7164). Biomarker data was obtained in the mobile examination center from urine, blood samples, blood pressure, and anthropometric measurements. Urine and blood samples were obtained to determine pregnancy status, C-reactive protein (CRP), high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, total cholesterol, and cotinine as well as fasting glucose, fasting triglycerides, and fasting low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol data. Multivariable regression was employed to examine the association between physical activity, sedentary behavior, and biomarker levels. RESULTS There was a positive association between sedentary behavior and CRP levels (beta coefficient [b]=0.001, p=0.02) and LDL cholesterol (b=0.12, p=0.02). There was an inverse association between light-intensity physical activity and CRP (b=-0.003; p=0.008) and diastolic blood pressure (b=-0.03; p=0.02), with those engaging in higher levels of MVPA having higher HDL cholesterol (b=6.7; p=0.01). CONCLUSION Physical activity and sedentary behavior were favorably associated with various biomarkers among pregnant women, suggesting that healthcare providers should encourage pregnant women to participate in safe forms of physical activity behaviors while also reducing their amount of time spent in sedentary behaviors.
Complexity Column : PCPs with Small Soundness Error

The soundness error of a PCP verifier is the probability (usually denoted ε) that the verifier accepts an incorrect input. We are interested in the smallest possible values of ε for which the PCP theorem holds, and in particular whether the theorem holds when ε is an inverse polynomial function of the input length. We discuss the ‘sliding scale conjecture’ of [BGLR93, LY94] and related questions. We then sketch some of the existing approaches and constructions of PCPs with sub-constant soundness error.
Real-Time Visual–Inertial SLAM Based on Adaptive Keyframe Selection for Mobile AR Applications

Simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) technology is used in many applications, such as augmented reality (AR)/virtual reality, robots, drones, and self-driving vehicles. In AR applications, rapid camera motion estimation, actual size, and scale are important issues. In this research, we introduce a real-time visual–inertial SLAM based on an adaptive keyframe selection for mobile AR applications. Specifically, the SLAM system is designed based on the adaptive keyframe selection visual–inertial odometry method that includes the adaptive keyframe selection method and the lightweight visual–inertial odometry method. The inertial measurement unit data are used to predict the motion state of the current frame and it is judged whether or not the current frame is a keyframe by an adaptive selection method based on learning and automatic setting. Relatively unimportant frames (not a keyframe) are processed using a lightweight visual–inertial odometry method for efficiency and real-time performance. We simulate it in a PC environment and compare it with state-of-the-art methods. The experimental results demonstrate that the mean translation root-mean-square error of the keyframe trajectory is 0.067 m without the ground-truth scale matching, and the scale error is 0.58% with the EuRoC dataset. Moreover, the experimental results of the mobile device show that the performance is improved by 34.5%–53.8% using the proposed method.
Rethinking healthy school relations for curriculum change in Zimbabwe: A relational leadership approach

The article addresses the challenges faced in the implementation of the new curriculum in Zimbabwe. The new curriculum was rolled out in the midst of various trajectories (challenges), such as lack of resources, inadequate teacher preparation and resistance from teachers and parents, among others. We used relational leadership as a theoretical lens, which buttresses a need for school leadership that prioritises relationships within the implementation context. The study was qualitative, with 25 participants chosen through purposeful sampling and snowballing from five different schools in rural Zimbabwe. Data were collected through interviews and a focus group discussion. The data were then analysed using the lens proposed by Laws, Harper and Marcus (2003), where various themes were identified responding to the research questions. The study found that healthy school relations, though overlooked, are very important in the success of any curriculum implementation process and that there is a need for curriculum planners, school heads, teachers and learners to invest in healthy relations underpinned by social justice, emancipation and improvement of school conditions as alternatives to enhance a contested curriculum implementation.
Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Measurements in Myopia Using Optical Coherence Tomography

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and the degree of myopia. Methods: A total of 28 eyes of 14 healthy subjects with myopia, 9 eyes with low myopia (spherical equivalent [SE] between -0.75 D and -3.00 D) and 19 eyes with moderate to high myopia (SE >-3.0 D), were included. Total average and mean quadrant RNFL thicknesses were measured by Stratus OCT. Associations between RNFL measurements and spherical equivalent refraction were evaluated by linear regression analysis. Results: Twenty two out of 28 eyes were classified as below normal limits with reference to the normative database of the RNFL thickness. There was a significant correlation between refraction and average RNFL thickness (p=0.04), indicating that for every decrease of 1.00 D in refraction (more myopic), there was a 2.86 µm decrease in the average RNFL thickness. The most frequently abnormal sector was at the nasal quadrant, where 78% of myopic eyes were below normal limits. A significant correlation was seen between refraction and nasal RNFL thickness (p=0.02), showing a decrease of 3.37 µm in the nasal RNFL thickness for every 1.00 D decrease. There was also a significant correlation between refraction and inferior RNFL thickness (p=0.007). For every decrease of 1.00 D in refraction, there was a decrease of 6.27 µm in the inferior RNFL thickness. There were no significant correlations between the refraction and the superior and temporal RNFL thickness (p = 0.12 and 0.64, respectively). Conclusion: There was a decrease in the average RNFL thickness as the refractive error became more myopic, suggesting the need for the Stratus OCT RNFL normative database to have corrective factors for refractive error among myopic patients. Although both the nasal and inferior quadrants positively correlated with myopia, majority of the nasal quadrant showed below normal thickness based on the Stratus OCT normative database. A careful interpretation of RNFL measurements, especially the nasal quadrant, should be done among myopic subjects to avoid mislabeling them as glaucoma suspects.
Abstract a a Distributed Connectivity Service for a Sip Infrastructure

Because of the constant reduction of available public network addresses and the necessity to secure networks, middleboxes such as network address translators and firewalls have become quite common. Because they are designed around the client-server paradigm, they break connectivity when protocols based on different paradigms are used (e.g., VoIP or P2P applications). Centralized solutions for mid-dlebox traversal are not an optimal choice because they introduce bottlenecks and single point-of-failures. To overcome these issues, this article presents a distributed connectivity service solution that integrates relay functionality directly in user nodes. Although the article focuses on applications using the Session Initialization Protocol , the proposed solution is general and can be extended to other application scenarios. lthough end-to-end direct connectivity was a must in the early days of the Internet, currently, increasing numbers of hosts are connected through middleboxes such as network address translators (NATs) that enable the reuse of private addresses and/or firewalls, which are used to secure corporate networks and internal resources. These devices work seamlessly in case of client-server applications (although the client must reside in the " protected " part of the network), but they limit the end-to-end connectivity of the applications that use different paradigms, such as voice over IP (VoIP) and peer-to-peer (P2P). In particular, middleboxes prevent nodes behind them from being contacted directly from external nodes. For example, an internal host might not have a problem starting a data transfer to an external host, but the reverse (e.g., an incoming VoIP call) may be impossible. Thus, proper strategies for middlebox traversal are required to enable the seamless communication between hosts, no matter where they are located. Among the known strategies, hole punching and relaying [1] represent the ones that are used most frequently. The common idea is to make the middlebox function as if the internal host begins the communication. The middlebox then creates a temporary channel with the remote host, thus allowing the delivery of external packets. In particular, the hole punching forces each internal host to maintain a persistent connection with an external rendezvous server located on the public Internet. This creates a type of " hole " that can be used by an external host to contact the internal host directly. If hole punching fails, for example, if hosts are behind symmetric NATs, the relaying represents the last chance: internal hosts maintain a persistent connection with an external node (the relay server), …
Exercise Hemodynamics and Quality of Life after Aortic Valve Replacement for Aortic Stenosis in the Elderly Using the Hancock II Bioprosthesis

Background and Aim. While aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis can be performed safely in elderly patients, there is a need for hemodynamic and quality of life evaluation to determine the value of aortic valve replacement in older patients who may have age-related activity limitation. Materials and Methods. We conducted a prospective evaluation of patients who underwent aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis with the Hancock II porcine bioprosthesis. All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and completed the RAND 36-Item Health Survey (SF-36) preoperatively and six months postoperatively. Results. From 2004 to 2007, 33 patients were enrolled with an average age of 75.3 ± 5.3 years (24 men and 9 women). Preoperatively, 27/33 (82%) were New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Classification 3, and postoperatively 27/33 (82%) were NYHA Functional Classification 1. Patients had a mean predicted maximum V O2 (mL/kg/min) of 19.5 ± 4.3 and an actual max V O2 of 15.5 ± 3.9, which was 80% of the predicted V O2. Patients were found to have significant improvements (P ≤ 0.01) in six of the nine SF-36 health parameters. Conclusions. In our sample of elderly patients with aortic stenosis, replacing the aortic valve with a Hancock II bioprosthesis resulted in improved hemodynamics and quality of life.
Participatory design of a thematic questionnaire in the field of victimization studies

The paper introduces the results of a two-step process that led to the design of a new questionnaire in the field of victimization studies. A desk-based review of national Crime and Victimization Surveys from five EU countries was performed and resulted in identifying opportunities to improve the consistency among these surveys as well as the need to include more independent variables in order to measure fear of crime and its correlation with sociological variables. Then 12 experts in survey-based measures of crime-related issues were involved in a Delphi panel with the objective of enhancing a participatory design of a new questionnaire addressing individual and space-based determinants of the perception of insecurity, which has been poorly explored to date.