Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Energy-Efficient Cooperation in Cognitive Wireless Powered Networks

In this letter, we consider a cooperative sharing model for cognitive wireless powered communication networks (CWPCNs), which leverages the notion of cooperation between primary and secondary systems in cognitive radio networks to accomplish primary transmission early and vacate opportunity for secondary transmission. With the proposed spectrum sharing model, we investigate the optimal design for such a cooperative CWPCN with both amplify-and-forward (AF) and decode-and-forward (DF) protocols to maximize its uplink energy efficiency. The energy efficiency optimization problem is decomposed into two subproblems for uplink scheduling and cooperative power control. We also propose a suboptimal solution to tackle the unavailable information on channel condition between the primary transmitter and secondary users. The numerical results show that the DF protocol outperforms the AF protocol in general and the suboptimal solution is slightly outperformed by the optimal one.
A Measurement Study of Server Utilization in Public Clouds

Due to a server's non-proportional energy consumption, it is highly desirable to increase server utilization in order to lower energy consumption and minimize environmental impact. To increase the utilization level, we must first understand the current utilization level in the state-of-the-art cloud environment. Towards that goal, we devise a new technique which can be used to measure the CPU utilization in a cloud. We sampled two different infrastructure cloud providers (IaaS or Infrastructure as a Service) on their server utilization. Surprisingly, our results show that there is a significant room for improvement.
Handedness and educational success: The hypothesis of a genetic balanced polymorphism with heterozygote advantage for laterality and ability

A sample of children assessed for hand preference and hand skill at 14–15 years could be classified on two independent measures of educational success. One was whether they had been selected or not selected for grammar school two years earlier; the other was the performance of unselected children in the examinations of the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) some 18 months later. There were no differences for hand preference, but the successful children were significantly more often in the centre of the distribution of differences between the hands in skill than at the extremes, in both comparisons. The findings support the hypothesis prompted by the right shift theory of handedness (Annett, 1972, 1985) that there is natural variation for laterality and ability as expected for a genetic balanced polymorphism with heterozygote advantage. The findings cannot be attributed to slowness of the non-preferred hand at the extremes of the distribution, as might be predicted by an explanation in terms of developmental pathology.
Cross-View People Tracking by Scene-Centered Spatio-Temporal Parsing

In this paper, we propose a Spatio-temporal Attributed Parse Graph (ST-APG) to integrate semantic attributes with trajectories for cross-view people tracking. Given videos from multiple cameras with overlapping field of view (FOV), our goal is to parse the videos and organize the trajectories of all targets into a scene-centered representation. We leverage rich semantic attributes of human, e.g., facing directions, postures and actions, to enhance cross-view tracklet associations, besides frequently used appearance and geometry features in the literature.In particular, the facing direction of a human in 3D, once detected, often coincides with his/her moving direction or trajectory. Similarly, the actions of humans, once recognized, provide strong cues for distinguishing one subject from the others. The inference is solved by iteratively grouping tracklets with cluster sampling and estimating people semantic attributes by dynamic programming.In experiments, we validate our method on one public dataset and create another new dataset that records people's daily life in public, e.g., food court, office reception and plaza, each of which includes 3-4 cameras. We evaluate the proposed method on these challenging videos and achieve promising multi-view tracking results.
Influences of sentence length and syntactic complexity on the speech motor control of children who stutter.

PURPOSE To investigate the potential effects of increased sentence length and syntactic complexity on the speech motor control of children who stutter (CWS). METHOD Participants repeated sentences of varied length and syntactic complexity. Kinematic measures of articulatory coordination variability and movement duration during perceptually fluent speech were analyzed for 16 CWS and 16 typically developing children (CTD) between 4 and 6 years of age. Behavioral data from a larger pool of children were also examined. RESULTS For both groups, articulatory coordination variability increased with sentence length. For syntactically simple sentences, CWS had higher coordination variability than CTD. There was no group difference in coordination variability for complex sentences. Coordination variability increased significantly with complexity for CTD, whereas that of CWS remained at the high level demonstrated for simple sentences. There was a trend for higher overall coordination variability in CWS compared with CTD. For both groups, movement duration was greater for syntactically complex, as compared with simple, sentences. CONCLUSIONS Results indicate more variable speech motor coordination during fluent speech production in many CWS as compared with CTD. Disproportionate effects of length and complexity on coordination variability and duration were not found for CWS. Considerable individual differences in performance were observed.
Impact of the De-Alloying Kinetics and Alloy Microstructure on the Final Morphology of De-Alloyed Meso-Porous Metal Films

Nano-textured porous metal materials present unique surface properties due to their enhanced surface energy with potential applications in sensing, molecular separation and catalysis. In this paper, commercial alloy foils, including brass (Cu85Zn15 and Cu70Zn30) and white gold (Au50Ag50) foils have been chemically de-alloyed to form nano-porous thin films. The impact of the initial alloy micro-structure and number of phases, as well as chemical de-alloying (DA) parameters, including etchant concentration, time and solution temperature on the final nano-porous thin film morphology and properties were investigated by electron microscopy (EM). Furthermore, the penetration depth of the pores across the alloys were evaluated through the preparation of cross sections by focus ion beam (FIB) milling. It is demonstrated that ordered pores ranging between 100 nm and 600 nm in diameter and 2–5 μm in depth can be successfully formed for the range of materials tested. The microstructure of the foils were obtained by electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) and linked to development of pits across the material thickness and surface during DA. The role of selective etching of both noble and sacrificial metal phases of the alloy were discussed in light of the competitive surface etching across the range of microstructures and materials tested.
Syntactic Features and Word Similarity for Supervised Metonymy Resolution

We present a supervised machine learning algorithm for metonymy resolution, which exploits the similarity between examples of conventional metonymy. We show that syntactic head-modifier relations are a high precision feature for metonymy recognition but suffer from data sparseness. We partially overcome this problem by integrating a thesaurus and introducing simpler grammatical features, thereby preserving precision and increasing recall. Our algorithm generalises over two levels of contextual similarity. Resulting inferences exceed the complexity of inferences undertaken in word sense disambiguation. We also compare automatic and manual methods for syntactic feature extraction.
Clinical outcomes that fetal surgery for myelomeningocele needs to achieve.

INTRODUCTION The development of techniques to close open neural tube malformations prior to birth has generated great interest and hope for fetal interventions and their outcomes. To plan a randomized trial, as is being discussed at three centres in the United States, the determination of what constitutes a clinically significant improvement in outcome is critical. To date, preliminary observations from two centres suggest that improvements may occur, not in spinal cord function as originally postulated, but in the extent of the hindbrain hernia and the frequency that shunting is required to control hydrocephalus. PURPOSE The determination of what outcome would constitute an important and clinically significant difference in outcome to be achieved by fetal intervention for myelomeningocele. METHOD Parents of patients and patients treated in our myelomeningocele clinic were surveyed using a structured and validated tool. From the perspective of a recommendation to a close friend or family member, the interviewees were asked to quantify on a scale from 0 to 100 the chance of specific outcomes (need for a shunt, need for a wheelchair, change of urinary incontinence) that a fetal operation would need to predictably achieve. RESULTS Responses were obtained from 77 patients/families. The fifty percentile response in each study dimension was as follows: the chance of needing a shunt was 12 % (range 0 - 50 %), the chance of needing a wheelchair was 8 % and the chance of being incontinent was 5 % (range 0 - 25 %). CONCLUSIONS Fetal interventions will have to achieve significant improvements in the control of hydrocephalus, mobilization and continence over postnatal treatment to be justified.
Robustness of emotion extraction from 20th century English books

In this paper, we test the robustness of emotion extraction from English language books published in the 20th century. Our analysis is performed on a sample of the 8 million digitized books available in the Google Books Ngram corpus by applying three independent emotion detection tools: WordNet Affect, Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count, and a recently proposed `Hedonometer' method. We also assess the statistical robustness of the extracted patterns as well as their outputs on specific parts of speech. The analysis confirms three main results: the existence of recognizable periods of positive and negative `literary affect' from 1900 to 2000, a general decrease in the usage of emotion-related words in printed books that lasts at least until the 1980s, and, finally, a divergence between American and British books, with the former using more emotion-related words from the 1960s.
Impact of microstrip width and annealing time on the characteristics of micro-scale graphene FETs

Graphene field-effect transistors are fabricated using CVD-grown graphene and a wet transfer technique. Devices are characterized in terms of carrier mobility, contact resistance, output and transfer characteristics. We found that the mobility decreases and contact resistance increases with the decreasing graphene microstrip width. In addition, we found that graphene FET characteristics strongly depend on annealing time. The behavior of device characteristics is explained by discussing carrier scattering on defects and impurities, and the formation of pn-junctions in graphene.
METHONTOLOGY: From Ontological Art Towards Ontological Engineering

This paper does not pretend either to transform completely the ontological art in engineering or to enumerate exhaustively the complete set of works that has been reported in this area. Its goal is to clarify to readers interested in building ontologies from scratch, the activities they should perform and in which order, as well as the set of techniques to be used in each phase of the methodology. This paper only presents a set of activities that conform the ontology developmentp rocess, a life cycle to build ontologies based in evolving prototypes, and METHONTOLOGY, a well-structured methodology used to build ontologies from scratch. This paper gathers the experience of the authors on building an ontology in the domain of chemicals.
Methods of linkage analysis--and the assumptions underlying them [see comment].

I thank Jane M. Olson, Christopher I. Amos, and John Ashkenas for helpful comments on a draft of this article. This work was supported in part by U.S. Public Health Service research grant GM 28356 from the National Institute of General Medical Sciences and by National Center for Research Resources resource grant RR 03655.
Heme: a regulator of rat hepatic tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase?

The hepatic cytosolic hemoprotein tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase (TDO) is the rate-limiting enzyme in tryptophan catabolism and thus plays a key role in regulating the physiological flux of tryptophan into relevant metabolic pathways. The TDO protein is induced by corticosteroids such as dexamethasone (DEX) and is stabilized by its prosthetic heme. In rats, acute chemically induced hepatic heme depletion reduces the functional hepatic TDO levels to 25-30% of basal levels within 1 h, and this decrease persists beyond 28 h of heme depletion at which time only 25-30% of the protein is available for heme incorporation. Since this could stem from impaired de novo synthesis and/or instability of the newly synthesized apoTDO protein in the absence of heme, we examined the specific role of heme in these events in a previously validated rat model of acute hepatic heme depletion triggered by the P450 suicide substrate 3, 5-dicarbethoxy 2,6-dimethyl-4-ethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine. We now show that exogenous heme can reverse the functional impairment of the enzyme observed during hepatic heme depletion and fully restore the impaired DEX-mediated induction of the enzyme to normal. Furthermore, through Northern/slot blot analyses coupled with nuclear run-on studies, we now document that this heme regulation of TDO is exerted primarily at the transcriptional level. Immunoblotting analyses also reveal corresponding changes in the TDO protein, thereby establishing that heme is necessary for DEX-inducible TDO mRNA transcription and subsequent translation. Thus, the TDO gene may contain heme-regulatory elements in addition to the reported glucocorticoid-responsive elements. Together, these findings suggest that clinically, hepatic heme deficiency may enhance the tryptophan flux into synthetic (serotonergic) pathways, not only by depriving prosthetic heme for a functionally competent TDO hemoprotein, its primary catabolic enzyme, but also by impairing the de novo synthesis of this enzyme.
MYELOID SARCOMA OF THE KIDNEY PRECEDING ACUTE MYELOID LEUKEMIA

Myeloid Sarcoma is a rare extramedullary tumor, consisting of primitive granulocytic precursor cells. We report the case of a 50-year-old man, who presented with a renal mass. After nephrectomy, histological examination revealed a myeloid sarcoma in association with a renal cell carcinoma. Seven weeks after nephrectomy the patient developed acute myeloid leukemia.
Mother-baby observation: The position of the observer

SUMMARY In this paper, I will suggest that the particular potency of motherbaby observation as part of psychoanalytic training lies not so much in what is learned about babies, as in the work that has to go on in the analytic candidate to find internally ‘the position of the observer’. This is an essential part of what is involved in eventually acquiring a psychoanalytic identity. In presenting some material from the observation that I made while I was training, I want to draw attention to the matter of ‘finding a position from which to make observations’. It is here, I think, that continuity between infant-observation and psychoanalytic work is found. In both, finding a position is one thing, but sustaining it in dynamic and pressurising circumstances is quite another.
Effects of Combined CCR5/Integrase Inhibitors-Based Regimen on Mucosal Immunity in HIV-Infected Patients Naïve to Antiretroviral Therapy: A Pilot Randomized Trial

Whether initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens aimed at achieving greater concentrations within gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) impacts the level of mucosal immune reconstitution, inflammatory markers and the viral reservoir remains unknown. We included 12 HIV- controls and 32 ART-naïve HIV patients who were randomized to efavirenz, maraviroc or maraviroc+raltegravir, each with fixed-dose tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine. Rectal and duodenal biopsies were obtained at baseline and at 9 months of ART. We performed a comprehensive assay of T-cell subsets by flow cytometry, T-cell density in intestinal biopsies, plasma and tissue concentrations of antiretroviral drugs by high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectroscopy, and plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6), lipoteichoic acid (LTA), soluble CD14 (sCD14) and zonulin-1 each measured by ELISA. Total cell-associated HIV DNA was measured in PBMC and rectal and duodenal mononuclear cells. Twenty-six HIV-infected patients completed the follow-up. In the duodenum, the quadruple regimen resulted in greater CD8+ T-cell density decline, greater normalization of mucosal CCR5+CD4+ T-cells and increase of the naïve/memory CD8+ T-cell ratio, and a greater decline of sCD14 levels and duodenal HIV DNA levels (P = 0.004 and P = 0.067, respectively), with no changes in HIV RNA in plasma or tissue. Maraviroc showed the highest drug distribution to the gut tissue, and duodenal concentrations correlated well with other T-cell markers in duodenum, i.e., the CD4/CD8 ratio, %CD4+ and %CD8+ HLA-DR+CD38+ T-cells. Maraviroc use elicited greater activation of the mucosal naïve CD8+ T-cell subset, ameliorated the distribution of the CD8+ T-cell maturational subsets and induced higher improvement of zonulin-1 levels. These data suggest that combined CCR5 and integrase inhibitor based combination therapy in ART treatment naïve patients might more effectively reconstitute duodenal immunity, decrease inflammatory markers and impact on HIV persistence by cell-dependent mechanisms, and show unique effects of MVC in duodenal immunity driven by higher drug tissue penetration and possibly by class-dependent effects.
The influence of national culture on organizational culture: A comparative study between 10 countries

Abstract Organizational culture of industrial organizations was studied in 10 European countries using the FOCUS-instrument, based on the Quinn model (Quinn, 1988) to measure organizational culture. We classified most countries on the basis of the power distance index and the uncertainty avoidance index (Hofstede, 1991). We expected a value preference for the rules orientation (the so-called “pyramid” model) in some countries and a value preference for the innovation orientation (the “village-market” model) in others. Some of the results were in line with these expectations. One possible explanation for our findings is that not only the national preference influences the values within an organization, but the values of its founders and important leaders of its sector are also influential.
Assessment of Utilization of ICT Resources in Teaching among Tertiary Institution Business Educators in South Nigeria

This study assessed the utilization of ICT resources in teaching among business educators in tertiary institutions in south Nigeria. Two research questions and two null hypotheses guided the study. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study. The population and sample for the study comprised all 240 business educators in colleges of education and universities in south Nigeria. A 28-item structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. Copies of the instrument were administered on 240 business educators and 213 were returned representing 88.75 percent. Data collected were analyzed using mean and standard deviation for the research questions. The null hypotheses were tested at 0.05 level of significance using inferential statistics of t-test. The findings revealed that the few available ICT resources are rarely utilized in the teaching of business education, ICT resources utilization has high influence on teaching and that business educators encounter several problems such as irregular power supply in the utilization of ICT resources. It was recommended among other things, that government and stakeholders in education should make adequate budgetary allocation for the provision of ICT resources and the identified barriers that stand against effective utilization of ICT should be tackled and removed to better equip products of tertiary institutions to fit into various workplaces.
Implications of Resilience Concepts for Scientific Understanding

Abstract: Resilience is an interactive concept that refers to a relative resistance to environmental risk experiences, or the overcoming of stress or adversity. As such, it differs from both social competence positive mental health. Resilience differs from traditional concepts of risk and protection in its focus on individual variations in response to comparable experiences. Accordingly, the research focus needs to be on those individual differences and the causal processes that they reflect, rather than on resilience as a general quality. Because resilience in relation to childhood adversities may stem from positive adult experiences, a life‐span trajectory approach is needed. Also, because of the crucial importance of gene–environment interactions in relation to resilience, a wide range of research strategies spanning psychosocial and biological methods is needed. Five main implications stem from the research to date: (1) resistance to hazards may derive from controlled exposure to risk (rather than its avoidance); (2) resistance may derive from traits or circumstances that are without major effects in the absence of the relevant environmental hazards; (3) resistance may derive from physiological or psychological coping processes rather than external risk or protective factors; (4) delayed recovery may derive from “turning point” experiences in adult life; and (5) resilience may be constrained by biological programming or damaging effects of stress/adversity on neural structures.
Immunocytochemical localization of β-COP to the ER-Golgi boundary and the TGN

Recent data strongly suggest that the coatomer (COP) complex is involved in membrane transport between the ER and Golgi complex. This vesicular coat has been implicated in ER to Golgi, in intra Golgi as well as in Golgi to ER traffic. In this study we present a detailed immunocytochemical analysis of the distribution of β-COP in different tissue culture cells. Our results extend previous studies by showing, using electron microscopy, that β-COP accumulates on vesicular profiles and buds in the intermediate compartment (IC) under conditions that block ER to Golgi transport (15°C). Importantly, under these conditions β-COP co-localizes on these structures with a passenger protein, the membrane glycoprotein of vesicular stomatis virus (ts-O45-G). Furthermore, quantitative immunofluorescence microscopy of cells with ts-045-G accumulated in the ER, IC and trans-Golgi network, shifted briefly to the permissive temperature, showed that β-COP was associated with many of the putative transport intermediates containing the viral glycoprotein which is in transit between the ER/IC and the cis-Golgi. The simplest interpretation of these data is that COP-coated vesicles are involved in anterograde transport of ts-045-G from the IC to the Golgi complex. Since many putative COP vesicles lacked the G protein following release of the 15°C block this pool could be involved in retrograde transport. We also show that β-COP is present on the membranes of the transGolgi network. However, in contrast to the ER-Golgi boundary, we could find no convincing evidence that this pool of β-COP is associated with buds or trans-Golgi network-derived transport vesicles.