Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cis‐regulatory underpinnings of human GLI3 expression in embryonic craniofacial structures and internal organs

The zinc finger transcription factor Gli3 is an important mediator of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling. During early embryonic development Gli3 participates in patterning and growth of the central nervous system, face, skeleton, limb, tooth and gut. Precise regulation of the temporal and spatial expression of Gli3 is crucial for the proper specification of these structures in mammals and other vertebrates. Previously we reported a set of human intronic cis‐regulators controlling almost the entire known repertoire of endogenous Gli3 expression in mouse neural tube and limbs. However, the genetic underpinning of GLI3 expression in other embryonic domains such as craniofacial structures and internal organs remain elusive. Here we demonstrate in a transgenic mice assay the potential of a subset of human/fish conserved non‐coding sequences (CNEs) residing within GLI3 intronic intervals to induce reporter gene expression at known regions of endogenous Gli3 transcription in embryonic domains other than central nervous system (CNS) and limbs. Highly specific reporter expression was observed in craniofacial structures, eye, gut, and genitourinary system. Moreover, the comparison of expression patterns directed by these intronic cis‐acting regulatory elements in mouse and zebrafish embryos suggests that in accordance with sequence conservation, the target site specificity of a subset of these elements remains preserved among these two lineages. Taken together with our recent investigations, it is proposed here that during vertebrate evolution the Gli3 expression control acquired multiple, independently acting, intronic enhancers for spatiotemporal patterning of CNS, limbs, craniofacial structures and internal organs.
Becoming, being and belonging entrepreneurial establishment: alternative views of the social construction of entrepreneurship

This paper is concerned with extending our understanding of the entrepreneurial process. Taking a fresh look at the mature stages of entrepreneurship process, the study looks at, being an entrepreneur and belonging to a recognisable grouping of entrepreneurs. Previous entrepreneurship research focused upon the entrepreneur of humble origins. We use a narrative approach for the semiotic analysis of entrepreneurs' storyboards at the BABSON College Centre for Entrepreneurial Excellence hall of fame in the USA. Exploring ideologies lying behind the semiotic displays of individual entrepreneurs' storyboards, we unveil the symbolic presentations. The paper discusses different levels of analysis and shows how entrepreneurial ideology can be transmitted. We find that the storyboards of entrepreneurs assist as a heuristic and semiotic mechanism for transmitting the important cultural issues such as values, tradition and heritage. Because of this, we propose that the established entrepreneurial elite play a central role in the social construction of entrepreneurship. They do as role models and in so doing build, develop and perpetuate the tradition of entrepreneurship. Surprisingly we find a tradition of entrepreneurship, as this is a paradoxical position for non-traditional nature of the entrepreneurship. Yet, the social cherishment of enterprise presents a set of individual actions so that a tradition, a behavioural tradition, exists about socially and economically revered sets of activities surrounding the entrepreneurial process. Knowing how and where entrepreneurial values are communicated helps the understanding of entrepreneurial learning. The wider implications of the study are that it aids attempts to improve the social construction of the entrepreneurial mindset.
Depressive symptoms are associated with daytime sleepiness and subjective sleep quality in dementia with Lewy bodies

Sleep problems and depression are common symptoms in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), where patients typically experience subjectively poor sleep quality, fatigue and excessive daytime sleepiness. However, whilst sleep disturbances have been linked to depression, this relationship has not received much attention in DLB. The present cross‐sectional study addresses this by examining whether depressive symptoms are specifically associated with subjective sleep quality and daytime sleepiness in DLB, and by examining other contributory factors.
Nondeterministic controllers of nondeterministic processes

The controller synthesis problem as formalized by Ramadge and Wonham consists of finding a finite controller that when synchronized with a given plant results in a system satisfying a required property. In this setting, both a plant and a controller are deterministic finite automata, while synchronization is modelled by a synchronous product. Originally, the framework was developed only for safety and some deadlock properties. More recently, Arnold et. al. have extended the setting to all mu-calculus expressible properties and proposed a reduction of the synthesis problem to the satisfiability problem of the mu-calculus. They have also presented some results on decidability of distributed synthesis problem where one requires to find several controllers that control the plant at the same time. The additional difficulty in this case is that each controller is aware of a different part of the whole system. In this paper, an extension of the setting to nondeterministic processes is studied. In other words, the case when both a system and a controller can be presented by a nondeterministic automaton. This extension is motivated by examples in control where a continuous quantity is measured and digitized thereby introducing imprecision and uncertainty. It is shown that nondeterminism of the plant can be handled at no extra cost, both for centralized and decentralized control. Centralized synthesis remains decidable even for nondeterministic controllers. In contrast, very few cases of decentralized control are decidable when controllers are allowed to be nondeterministic. A classification of decidable/undecidable variants of this problem is given.
L-GUILDS AND BINARY L-MEROTOPIES

The present paper is primarily concerned with the study of L-guilds in an L-merotopic space. It is shown that every L-cluster is an L-guild; however the converse is not true. For contigual and regular L-merotopies, where on one side we gave an example of a space, which is neither contigual nor binary, on the other side we constructed L-merotopic spaces that are contigual and binary. It is shown that the category LBIN of binary L-merotopic spaces and L-merotopic maps is bire∞ective in LMER, the category of L-merotopic spaces and L-merotopic maps.
Analysis of multiple process flows in an ASIC fab with a detailed photolithography area model

ASIC fabs are characterized by multiple process flows. This is mainly due to the highly diversified product portfolios within such fabs. In this study, we first examined the cycle time for individual process flows in a medium volume ASIC fab. We compared these process flows in terms of overall cycle time and using a cycle time index. Secondly, focusing on photolithography we developed a simulation model that employs cycle time data to analyze the impacts of process flow diversity. Thirdly, we used this model to examine the impact on cycle time of changing the volumes of wafer starts on different process flows. The detailed results of simulation experiments along with the concluding remarks are given at the end of the study.
INDIVIDUAL ENTREPRENEURIAL ORIENTATION IMPACT ON ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION: INTERVENING EFFECT OF PBC AND SUBJECTIVE NORM

Abstracts This study focuses on the intervention of attitude towards entrepreneurship, participation in entrepreneurial education, perceived behavioral control (PBC) and subjective norm on the relationship between students’ grade and individual entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in influencing students’ entrepreneurial intention (EI). The paper verifies theory of planned behavior (TPB) explaining a public university students in Malaysia. Empirical evidence was derived from a quantitative approach based on a cross sectional study among 202 students. Hypothesis testing utilizes multiple regression analysis verifing the direct and mediated relationships. The study suggests that students grade, individual EO comprises of proactive personality and risk taking propensity were proven important in explaining attitude towards entrepreneurship, participation in entrepreneurship education, PBC and subjective norm. On the other hand, individual EO, PBC and subjective norm directly explained EI. Subsequently, PBC and subjective norm proved as significant mediators in individual EO and EI relationships. The results shall aid the university management in formulating their curriculum and programs that fit students’ priorities in shaping their future undertaking as an entrepreneur. Malaysian public policy regarding higher education should consider some mindset reformation required in higher learning institutions’ entrepreneurship curriculum in the country. Annual budget for higher learning institutions’ entrepreneurship programs shall be allocated accordingly after considering the results of the study. Research paper Keywords: Individual entrepreneurial orientation, Students’ Grade, Attitude towards entrepreneurship, Participation in entrepreneurial education, Perceived behavioral control, Subjective norm, Entrepreneurial intention, Malaysia Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Awang, A. , Amran, S. , Md Nor, M. N. , Ibrahim, I. I. , Mohd Razali, M. F. (2016). “Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation Impact on Entrepreneurial Intention: Intervening Effect of PBC and Subjective Norm”, Journal of Entrepreneurship, Business and Economics, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 94–129.
Changes in urinary monoamine excretion in hyperkinetic children

The pathogenetic mechanisms of hyperkinetic syndrome are not clear and need further investigation. The aim of the study was to find certain features of monoamine metabolism that are characteristic of children with hyperkinetic syndrome (HKS) with special regard to different degrees of severity (i.e. mild HKS and severe HKS ). The levels of L‐dopa, dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, homovanillic, vanillylmandelic and 5‐hydroxyindoleacetic acids were measured in daily urine of children (7–11 years old) with mild and severe HKS using fluorimetric and chromatographic methods. Severe HKS was characterized by a significant increase of L‐dopa (by 186%), dopamine (by 201%) and adrenaline (by 160%) excretion but an unchanged excretion of noradrenaline compared with those with mild HKS. The study revealed principle differences in monoamine metabolism between the mild and severe forms of HKS which may be of importance in deciding different pharmacotherapeutic approaches to use in patients with HKS of differing severity. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Inflammation and Microvasculopathy in Renal Ischemia Reperfusion Injury

Acute renal failure (ARF) severely worsens prognosis of hospitalized patients. The most frequent cause of intrarenal ARF is transient or prolonged renal hypoperfusion (ischemia). Ischemia primarily affects the function and structure of tubular epithelial cells, which, in severe cases, is characterized by epithelial cell necrosis. Nevertheless, ischemia does not exclusively lead to alterations of epithelial cells but also causes interstitial inflammation and interstitial microvasculopathy. Both inflammation and microvasculopathy are particularly important in terms of postischemic kidney repair. Postischemic microvasculopathy is characterized by endothelial cell swelling with subsequent microvascular occlusion. Thus, reperfusion is inhibited (no-reflow phenomenon). Such endothelial cell dysfunction offers new therapeutic perspectives in ischemic ARF. Newer observations point towards the role of the so-called endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) in the treatment of ARF. Systemic administration of EPCs to mice with bilateral renal ischemia mitigates postischemic endothelial cell dysfunction and protects animals from acute renal failure.
Factors influencing the estimation of extravascular lung water by transpulmonary thermodilution in critically ill patients*

Objective:To investigate factors that may influence the estimation of extravascular lung water (EVLW) with a single (cold) indicator compared with assessment using two indicators (thermo-dye dilution). Design:Post hoc analysis of an electronic hemodynamic database. Setting:Surgical intensive care unit of a university hospital. Patients:Forty-eight critically ill patients monitored by the thermo-dye dilution technique in the postoperative period. Interventions:None. Measurements and Main Results:The EVLW was simultaneously assessed by the thermo-dye dilution technique (EVLWref) and estimated by transpulmonary thermodilution (EVLWest). EVLWref index ranged between 1 and 40 mL/kg (mean 10 ± 7 mL/kg) and EVLWest between 2 and 39 mL/kg (mean 9 ± 6 mL/kg). EVLWref was closely correlated (r = .96) with EVLWest. The mean difference (bias) between EVLWref and EVLWest was −0.5 ± 1.9 mL/kg. The bias was not influenced by the weight, height, body surface area, body mass index, Pao2, intrathoracic blood volume, cardiac output, or dosage of vasoactive agents. In contrast, the bias was slightly but significantly influenced by EVLWref, Pao2/Fio2 ratio, tidal volume, and level of positive end-expiratory pressure. Conclusions:In our surgical intensive care unit population, the estimation of EVLW by transpulmonary thermodilution was influenced by the amount of EVLW, the Pao2/Fio2 ratio, the tidal volume, and the level of positive end-expiratory pressure. However, compared with the double indicator method, transpulmonary thermodilution estimation remained clinically acceptable even in patients with severe lung disease.
Mortality from cardio-cerebrovascular diseases among dynamite workers--an extended case-referent study.

Increased mortality from cardio-cerebrovascular diseases among male dynamite workers was reported in 1977 and was supported two years later by findings in a small cohort study from another Swedish dynamite population. The excess risk was confined to those with long-term employment. The original case-referent study comprised the years between 1955-1975 and the register of deaths and burials in the parish around the dynamite factory was used as the source of subjects. The same register has now been used for the time period 1976-1980. We have used identical requirements for this extension as in the original study, i.e., confined to men with more than one year of employment and aged 36-70. Cases were those who died from ischaemic heart diseases and cerebrovascular diseases according to WHO classification rules and referents those who died from all other diseases remaining after the primary exclusions. 102 men had died in the parish during the extension period. 15 were excluded. There were 36 deaths from heart diseases, 12 from cerebrovascular diseases and 39 referent diagnoses. Six of the "heart-cases", three of the "c-v-cases" and six of the referents were exposed. The Mantel-Haenszel estimation of the risk ratio for cerebrovascular diseases during the period 1955-80 is 2.9 (95% confidence interval 0.9-6.4) and 2.7 for cardio-vascular diseases (1.4-5.4). Among 25 men exposed more than 20 years only one died from anything else but a cardio-cerebrovascular disease. (ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
Oncogenic activation of p185neu stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation in vivo

p185, the product of the neu/erbB2 proto-oncogene, is oncogenically activated by a point mutation that substitutes glutamic acid for valine in the transmembrane domain of the protein. We have found that the transforming form of p185 differs from its normal counterpart in inducing increased tyrosine phosphorylation of other proteins in vivo and in having a much shorter half-life. These results support the model that the transforming p185 resembles a ligand-activated receptor.
Coverage and rate trends in moderate and high bandwidth 5G networks

Higher frequency bands (>6 GHz) look promising to meet the proposed 5G data rates, given the large amount of available spectrum in these bands. However, a rigorous understanding of some fundamental tradeoffs like network densification, sectorization, and bandwidths has only begun to be investigated at millimeter wave (mmW) bands. In this work, we investigate the coverage and rate performance of cellular networks with sectorized access points (APs) operating at high frequency bands, using tools of stochastic geometry. We observe that sectorizing the APs can significantly improve the data rates and thus can be used in conjunction with network densification, in order to achieve the 5G data rate requirements. However, the increased data rates come at the expense of increased interference in the network. We investigate the interference effects on a typical moderate (200 MHz) bandwidth network at 28 GHz and a high (2 GHz) bandwidth network at 72 GHz carrier frequency, with 4 sector APs and validate the trends observed with the help of detailed system-level simulations using METIS-like scenarios.
Link Detection in XML Documents: What about repeated links?

Link detection is a special case of focused retrieval where potential links between documents have to be detected automatically. The use case, as studied at INEX’s Link the Wiki track, is that of a new, orphaned page (here, a structured XML document) for which we need to detect relevant incoming and outgoing links to other pages (here, the INEX Wikipedia collection). We focus on outgoing links and investigate link density, and especially repeated occurrences of links with the same anchor text and destination. We provide an extensive analysis of link density and repetition, and look at parameters like the document’s length, the distance between anchor text occurrences, and the frequency of the anchor text within an article. We also conduct experiments trying to determine what should be done with links that are repeated. We describe alternative approaches and compare them against two baselines: the rst baseline is to link only once, and the second is to link all candidates. The performance is measured with precision and recall in terms of the total set of discovered links. Our main nding is that, although the overall impact of link repetition is modest, performance can increase by taking a informed approach to link repetition.
Decision Rules and Group Rationality: Cognitive Gain or Standstill?

Recent research in group cognition points towards the existence of collective cognitive competencies that transcend individual group members’ cognitive competencies. Since rationality is a key cognitive competence for group decision making, and group cognition emerges from the coordination of individual cognition during social interactions, this study tests the extent to which collaborative and consultative decision rules impact the emergence of group rationality. Using a set of decision tasks adapted from the heuristics and biases literature, we evaluate rationality as the extent to which individual choices are aligned with a normative ideal. We further operationalize group rationality as cognitive synergy (the extent to which collective rationality exceeds average or best individual rationality in the group), and we test the effect of collaborative and consultative decision rules in a sample of 176 groups. Our results show that the collaborative decision rule has superior synergic effects as compared to the consultative decision rule. The ninety one groups working in a collaborative fashion made more rational choices (above and beyond the average rationality of their members) than the eighty five groups working in a consultative fashion. Moreover, the groups using a collaborative decision rule were closer to the rationality of their best member than groups using consultative decision rules. Nevertheless, on average groups did not outperformed their best member. Therefore, our results reveal how decision rules prescribing interpersonal interactions impact on the emergence of collective cognitive competencies. They also open potential venues for further research on the emergence of collective rationality in human decision-making groups.
Acute Coronary Syndromes in the Elderly

The clinical evidence for treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) in the elderly is less robust than in patients younger than 75 years. The elderly have the highest incidence of cardiovascular disease and frequently present with ACS. This number can be expected to increase over time because society is aging. Older adults often sustain unfavorable outcomes from ACS because of atypical presentation and delay in recognition. In addition, elderly patients commonly do not receive optimal guideline-directed ACS treatment. Owing to their high baseline risk of ischemic complications, the elderly also fare worse even with optimal ACS treatment as they frequently have more complex coronary disease, more comorbidities, less cardiovascular reserve, and a higher risk of treatment complications. They are also subjected to a broader range of pharmacologic treatment. Treatment complications can be mitigated to some extent by meticulous dose adjustment of antithrombotic and adjunctive therapies. While careful transitions of care and appropriate utilization of post-discharge secondary preventive measures are important in ACS patients of all ages, the elderly are more vulnerable to system errors and thus deserve special attention from the clinician.
Impaired renal function modifies the risk of severe hypoglycaemia among users of insulin but not glyburide: a population-based nested case-control study.

BACKGROUND Little evidence justifies the avoidance of glyburide in patients with impaired renal function. We aimed to determine if renal function modifies the risk of hypoglycaemia among patients using glyburide. METHODS We conducted a nested case-control study using administrative records and laboratory data from Ontario, Canada. We included outpatients 66 years of age and older with diabetes mellitus and prescriptions for glyburide, insulin or metformin. We ascertained hypoglycaemic events using administrative records and estimated glomerular filtration rates (eGFR) using serum creatinine concentrations. RESULTS From a cohort of 19,620 patients, we identified 204 cases whose eGFR was ≥ 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (normal renal function) and 354 cases whose eGFR was < 60 mL/min/1.73 m(2) (impaired renal function). Compared to metformin, glyburide is associated with a greater risk of hypoglycaemia in patients with both normal [adjusted odds ratio (OR) 9.0, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 4.9-16.4] and impaired renal function (adjusted OR 6.0, 95% CI 3.8-9.5). We observed a similar relationship when comparing insulin to metformin; the risk was greater in patients with normal renal function (adjusted OR 18.7, 95% CI 10.5-33.5) compared to those with impaired renal function (adjusted OR 7.9, 95% CI 5.0-12.4). Tests of interaction showed that among glyburide users, renal function did not significantly modify the risk of hypoglycaemia, but among insulin users, impaired renal function is associated with a lower risk. CONCLUSIONS In this population-based study, impaired renal function did not augment the risk of hypoglycaemia associated with glyburide use.