Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Translation theory and non‐standard speech in fiction

Abstract The article focusses on the aspect of untranslatability which is connected with the use of non‐standard language by some literary characters. In individual dialect usage many translators would apply the technique of compensation. It is not the only way of dealing with this kind of literary material, though. Many cultures have developed a phenomenon, a ‘scenic dialect’, which is a number of stereotyped forms used by authors to portray characters with non‐standard language. These cultural phenomena are not language‐specific but culture‐specific, which can be demonstrated by translation into different national variants of same language. In a Russian context, however, there is no such ‘scenic dialect’. Instead, Russian translators use so‐called ‘general non‐standard Russian’, that is, forms which are outside the accepted literary standard but do not belong to any particular local dialect, urban or rural. In Russian this kind of language is termed: prostorechie, literally, ‘common speech ‘ (unfortunat.
Benefits of continuing professional development (CPD) programmes in music for KS2 (primary) teachers through the example of the London Symphony Orchestra (LSO) On Track programme

Between September 2008 and August 2010 24 KS2 classroom teachers were involved in a two-year programme of continuing professional development (CPD), delivered by the LSO in partnership with Local Authority Music Services. The teachers indicated that they embarked on the CPD programme looking forward to opportunities to share good practice, gain new ideas for teaching singing and composition, gain knowledge of musical styles and concepts and enhance their confidence as music teachers. The scheme was found to be successful in fulfilling the teachers' aspirations and in equipping them with skills for integrating music into cross curricular activities, as well as for designing lesson plans in music that met the needs of their specific classrooms.
Motivational and volitional processes in action initiation: A field study of the role of implementation intentions

A field study tested Gollwitzer's (1993) proposition that the formation of implementation intentions specifying action opportunities accounts for the speed with which intentions are translated into action. Motivation to resume functional activity was assessed among a general population sample of patients prior to joint replacement surgery. At 3 months following surgery. people who had formed implementation intentions were found to have initiated 18 out of 32 activities sooner than people who had not formed implementation intentions. This difference could not be attributed to differences in motivation between the 2 groups. Evidence also showed that the formation of implementation intentions mediated the effects of behavioral expectation on speed of action initiation.
Persistent deficits in hippocampal synaptic plasticity accompany losses of hippocampus-dependent memory in a rodent model of psychosis

Irreversible N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonism is known to provoke symptoms of psychosis and schizophrenia in healthy humans. NMDAR hypofunction is believed to play a central role in the pathophysiology of both disorders and in an animal model of psychosis, that is based on irreversible antagonism of NMDARs, pronounced deficits in hippocampal synaptic plasticity have been reported shortly after antagonist treatment. Here, we examined the long-term consequences for long-term potentiation (LTP) of a single acute treatment with an irreversible antagonist and investigated whether deficits are associated with memory impairments. The ability to express LTP at the perforant pathway – dentate gyrus synapse, as well as object recognition memory was assessed 1, 2, 3, and 4 weeks after a single treatment of the antagonist, MK801. Here, LTP in freely behaving rats was significantly impaired at all time-points compared to control LTP before treatment. Object recognition memory was also significantly poorer in MK801-treated compared to vehicle-treated animals for several weeks after treatment. Histological analysis revealed no changes in brain tissue. Taken together, these data support that acute treatment with an irreversible NMDAR-antagonist persistently impairs hippocampal functioning on behavioral, as well as synaptic levels. The long-term deficits in synaptic plasticity may underlie the cognitive impairments that are associated with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders.
Muslims in America

Seven years after the terrorist attacks on U.S. soil catapulted Muslims into the American spotlight, concerns and fears over their presence and assimilation remain at an all-time high. Recent national polls find that four in 10 Americans have an unfavorable view of Islam, five in 10 believe Islam is more likely than other religions to encourage violence, and six in 10 believe Islam is very different from their own religion. All this despite the fact that seven in 10 admit they know very little about Islam. And yet Americans rankMuslims second only to atheists as a group that doesn't share their vision of American society.
Network coding based surveillance applications in presence of erroneous channels

This paper studies the performance of network coding (NC) based system, especially looking at the implications in surveillance applications. We argue that NC can provide advantages from a data throughput perspective; however, an analysis of NC mechanism, especially when there are erroneous channels in the network, is required. We study the performance of the NC mechanism based on several parameters for different scenarios categorized by the error-free and erroneous communication channels that introduce random errors either at packet or at symbol level.
Brain Herniation into Arachnoid Granulations: Clinical and Neuroimaging Features

Brain herniation into presumed arachnoid granulations (BHAG) is an increasingly recognized entity. Though it has previously been described as isointense to brain matter on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we have encountered 21 cases in our clinical practice, many of which have signal abnormality in the herniated or adjacent parenchyma. We performed a systematic analysis on these cases to further understand the clinical significance.
Walking speed and subclinical atherosclerosis in healthy older adults: the Whitehall II study

Objective Extended walking speed is a predictor of incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) in older individuals, but the ability of an objective short-distance walking speed test to stratify the severity of preclinical conditions remains unclear. This study examined whether performance in an 8-ft walking speed test is associated with metabolic risk factors and subclinical atherosclerosis. Design Cross-sectional. Setting Epidemiological cohort. Participants 530 adults (aged 63±6 years, 50.3% male) from the Whitehall II cohort study with no known history or objective signs of CVD. Main outcome Electron beam computed tomography and ultrasound was used to assess the presence and extent of coronary artery calcification (CAC) and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT), respectively. Results High levels of CAC (Agatston score >100) were detected in 24% of the sample; the mean IMT was 0.75 mm (SD 0.15). Participants with no detectable CAC completed the walking course 0.16 s (95% CI 0.04 to 0.28) faster than those with CAC ≥400. Objectively assessed, but not self-reported, faster walking speed was associated with a lower risk of high CAC (odds ratio 0.62, 95% CI 0.40 to 0.96) and lower IMT (β=−0.04, 95% CI −0.01 to −0.07 mm) in comparison with the slowest walkers (bottom third), after adjusting for conventional risk factors. Faster walking speed was also associated with lower adiposity, C-reactive protein and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Conclusions Short-distance walking speed is associated with metabolic risk and subclinical atherosclerosis in older adults without overt CVD. These data suggest that a non-aerobically challenging walking test reflects the presence of underlying vascular disease.
Feminist Therapy

SUMMARY Feminist therapy is a compelling framework to use with women who are survivors of domestic violence due to its focus on power and oppression in women's lives. However, feminist frameworks have been criticized for their lack of attention to the experiences of diverse groups of women, a shortcoming that multicultural frameworks have attempted to address. Very little scholarship exists on the use of feminist therapy with South Asian women, and with Asian American women in general, particularly on its use with domestic violence survivors. The work that does exist suggests that Asian values are in contrast with the principles of feminist therapy for a variety of reasons. Using interviews with practitioners who work with battered South Asian women, this paper suggests that practitioners enact feminist and multicultural principles in their work, by their attention to sociocultural context, their focus on women's empowerment and voicing women's lived experiences, and their consideration of the dynamics of the therapeutic relationship. They hold patriarchy in its complexity accountable for domestic violence in the community. Although the term “feminist” was rarely used, in contrast to work that suggests that Asian women would not identify with self-based models of therapy, practitioners articulated that women do benefit from insight-based therapy, and attempted to work against cultural stereotypes that they often see functionally used to evade addressing trauma and grief.
Mutation spectrum and prevalence of BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes in patients with familial and early‐onset breast/ovarian cancer from Tunisia

The contribution of BRCA1/BRCA2 mutations to hereditary breast cancer in the Tunisian population has not been accurately estimated. The purpose of our study was to estimate the incidence and spectrum of pathogenic mutations in BRCA1/2 genes in early onset and familial breast/ovarian cancer among Tunisian women. To identify predictive factors for BRCA1/2 mutations, we screened the entire coding sequences and intron/exon boundaries of BRCA1/BRCA2 genes in 48 patients by direct sequencing. Twelve pathogenic mutations were detected (25%); three in BRCA1 (c.211dupA in four families, c.5266dupC in three families and c.1504_1508delTTAAA in one family) and two novel mutations in BRCA2 (c.1313dupT in two families and c.7654dupT in two families). We also identified 23 different polymorphisms and unclassified variants. These results indicate that our population has a spectrum of recurrent BRCA mutations.
Returns to Education: Evidence from UK Twins

We use a new sample of UK female identical twins to estimate private economic returns to education. We report findings in three areas. First, we use identical twins, to control for family effects and genetic ability bias, and the education reported by the other twin to control for schooling measurement error. Our estimates suggest a return to schooling for UK females of about 7.7%. Second, we investigate within-twin pair ability differences by examining within-twin pair and between-family correlations of education with observable correlates of ability (including birthweight, ability tests and reading scores). Our findings suggest lower ability bias in within-twin pair regressions than pooled regressions. Third, using data on twins smoking we show smoking reflects family background and using it as an instrument exacerbates ability bias.
Emancipatory potential of action learning:a critical analysis

Action learning (AL) methods are popular technologies in programs of organizational learning (OL). However, from the perspective of critical studies, they are instrumentalist, managerialist, exclusive in design, decontextualized and apolitical. A critical analysis of the oppressive potential of AL is presented along these dimensions. To realize better AL's emancipatory potential, four enhancements are suggested: focus AL purpose more on workers’ interests; confront organizational practices that unjustly marginalize or privilege different people; acknowledge the complexity, context and contested nature of learning; and facilitate AL using democratic “power with”, not “power over”, approaches to working with people towards emancipatory change.
A Test of Consensus in Aesthetic Evaluation among Professional Critics of Modern Music

To evaluate the approximate level of aesthetic consensus among a large sample of professionals, modern music critics were sampled from known music rating books that rated comparable genres of music, including the ratings of 352 critics and 5161 albums of randomly chosen musicians. All critic pairs who had rated at least 30 albums in common were analyzed (N = 139 pairs). Overall, 87.0% of critic pairs showed significant positive correlations in their album ratings, and another 2.9% showed marginally significant positive correlations (average r = .49). Not a single significant negative correlation occurred, and nonsignificant correlations occurred in only 10.1% of the critic pairs. Overall, reasonable aesthetic consensus appears to exist among most modern music critics, even without specific, agreed-upon rating scales, methods or assumptions, and despite preliminary evidence that not all professional critics are equally good at what they do. The superiority of correlation measures over agreement measures of aesthetic consensus is also discussed.
Factors Influencing an Organisation's Intention to Adopt Cloud Computing in Saudi Arabia

Cloud computing is paradigm that has emerged to deliver IT services to consumers as a utility service over the Internet. In developing countries, particularly Saudi Arabia, cloud computing is still not widely adopted. As a result, this study seeks to investigate the most influential factors that can encourage an organisation to use the cloud or which might impede them from moving to it. This research proposes an integrated model that incorporates aspects of the Technology-Organisation-Environment (TOE) framework and integrates the critical factors from existing theories along with other factors to examine the impact of this variable on the adoption decision of enterprises. Future work will be focused on confirming the proposed model.
Dendritic cells differentiate into osteoclasts in bone marrow microenvironment in vivo.

To the editor: We read the recent article by Wakkach et al[1][1] regarding differentiation of murine dendritic cells (DCs) into osteoclasts (OCs) in bone marrow (BM) microenvironment in vivo, with different views to stimulate clarification before any conclusions may be drawn. The authors report
Treatment of undisplaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly.

BACKGROUND While the treatment for displaced femoral neck fractures in the elderly (Garden types III and IV) is quite clear, the procedure for impacted or undisplaced femoral neck fractures (Garden types I and II) is still a subject of controversy. METHODS Thirty-seven (all >80 years old) patients with undisplaced femoral neck fractures were treated with osteosynthesis by cannulated screws fixation. The clinical outcomes were followed up retrospectively for at least two years. RESULTS The overall union rate was 94.59% (35 patients) at 6 months after primary internal fixation. The overall success rate was 83.78% (31 patients), and the overall failure rate was 16.22% (6 patients). CONCLUSIONS Osteosynthesis with cannulated screws fixation is a simple, safe, economical, and reasonably effective procedure for the treatment of undisplaced femoral neck fractures in patients older than 80 years.
An affective‐cognitive consistency explanation for comprehension of standard jury instructions

As part of an ongoing effort to improve the comprehensibility of standard jury instructions in Florida, juror predispositions toward laws were examined as a potential contributor to misperceptions about the law. Based upon the affective‐cognitive consistency research of McGuire and of Rosenberg we predicted that statements about the law which subjects believed were accurate would receive more favorable evaluations than statements believed to be inaccurate, whether these statements were actually correct or not. Analysis of variance was used to compare juror attitudes toward selected and unselected alternatives on a comprehension test of jury instructions. The results of Experiment I supported the hypothesis that affective‐cognitive distortion is present for jurors who have not received the judge's presentation of the instructions. The data of Experiment II indicated that this affective‐cognitive distortion persisted even after subjects had been exposed to a videotaped presentation of the standard instructi.
Towards an Organizational Folklore of Policing: The Storied Nature of Policing and the Police Use of Storytelling

For police officers, much of the working day consists of telling stories about everyday policing and events. Although the study of narrative and storytelling in organizational contexts is an expanding area of research, the same cannot be said of the study of narrative and storytelling in a police context, which remains an under-researched, although not unexplored, subject of study. Using the work of management-narrative theorists such as David Boje and Yiannis Gabriel as a starting point, this article considers policing organizations and agencies as storytelling organizations. This is achieved through a literature review of the ‘storied’ nature of policing and the police use of storytelling in an organizational context. Thus, this reflective article contributes to the developing literature in the field by reviewing and mapping the literature, highlighting potential areas for future research.
Multi-wave, multi-variable models of job insecurity: applying different scales in studying the stability of job insecurity

The study had two specific targets: first, to examine the stability of job insecurity by utilizing three-year longitudinal data (n = 109) collected in Finland and, second, to clarify psychometric properties of four job insecurity scales, i.e., the global scale, the importance scale, the probability scale and the powerlessness scale. The study was carried out by means of questionnaires, which were answered on three occasions. Analyses were conducted using multi-wave, multi-variable models which were estimated and tested via the LISREL program. Generally, the results showed that job insecurity remained relatively stable during the follow-up period, although there were some variations in the stability as well as in the psychometric properties of the four job insecurity scales examined. More specifically, three of the scales studied showed good psychometric properties, whereas the probability scale could not be estimated longitudinally. Furthermore, working organization and time had effects on the level of job insecurity measured via the different scales. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Community Management of Schizophrenia

Schizophrenic patients were recruited into a trial of a prophylactic behavioural intervention with families. Families with at least one high Expressed Emotion (EE) relative were randomly allocated to one of four intervention groups: Behavioural Intervention Enactive; Behavioural Intervention Symbolic; Education Only; Routine Treatment. Patients from low-EE families were randomly allocated to two groups: Education Only or Routine Treatment. Relapse rates over nine months after discharge were significantly lower for patients in the two Behavioural Intervention, compared with Education Only and Routine Treatment groups. There was little difference between the two low-EE groups. Patients returning to high-EE relatives showed significantly higher relapse rates than those returning to low-EE relatives, in groups not receiving active intervention. Changes from high to low EE occurred in the Behavioural Intervention groups, and similar although less extensive changes occurred in the Education Only and Routine Treatment groups. Changes in criticism and marked emotional over-involvement (EOI) occurred generally in high-EE groups but were larger in magnitude in the Enactive and Symbolic groups. Reduction of hostility only occurred in the Behavioural Intervention groups. These results give partial support for the causal role of EE in relapse. There were no significant differences between the groups with respect to contact with the psychiatric services or medication.
Men, sport, and spinal cord injury: An analysis of metaphors and narrative types

This article draws upon life history data from a small group of men who have experienced spinal cord injury (SCI) through playing the sport of rugby union football and now define themselves as disabled. The salient and most common metaphors used by the men in telling their stories post SCI, and the manner in which this is shaped by three narrative types, is focused upon in detail. The implications of this dynamic process for their identity reconstruction as disabled men are considered.
Aperiodicity extraction and control using mixed mode excitation and group delay manipulation for a high quality speech analysis, modification and synthesis system STRAIGHT

A new control paradigm of source signals for high quality speech synthesis is introduced to handle a variety of speech quality, based on timefrequency analyses by the use of an instantaneous frequency and group delay. The proposed signal representation consists of a frequency domain aperiodicity measure and a time domain energy concentration measure to represent source attributes, which supplement the conventional source information, such as F0 and power. The frequency domain aperiodicity measure is defined as a ratio between the lower and upper smoothed spectral envelopes to represent the relative energy distribution of aperiodic components. The time domain measure is defined as an effective duration of the aperiodic component. These aperiodicity parameters and F0 as time functions are used to generate the source signal for synthetic speech by controlling relative noise levels and the temporal envelope of the noise component of the mixed mode excitation signal, including fine timing and amplitude fluctuations. A series of preliminary simulation experiments was conducted to test and to demonstrate consistency of the proposed method. Examples sung in different voice qualities were also analyzed and resynthesized using the proposed method.
Docetaxel in combination with platinums in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.

Docetaxel (Taxotere) is a semisynthetic taxoid that possesses significant activity as a single agent in the treatment of patients with non-small-cell lung cancer. In previously untreated patients with non-small-cell lung cancer, 100 mg/m2 of docetaxel administered as an intravenous infusion over 1 hour once every 3 weeks produced response rates that ranged from 21% to 38% and median survivals of 25.2 to 47.0 weeks. In patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer who had previously failed cisplatin (Platinol)-based chemotherapy, docetaxel produced median response rates of 20% to 21% and median survival of 28 to 42 weeks. This review summarizes results from key phase I and II studies demonstrating the antitumor activity and tolerability of docetaxel combined with platinum compounds for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. Phase I trials determined that 75 mg/m2 of docetaxel and 75 mg/m2 of cisplatin is the recommended dose for phase II and III trials. Overall, response rates with docetaxel and cisplatin have ranged from 21% to 48% and median survival of 8 to 13 months has been achieved in phase II trials. Regarding docetaxel and carboplatin, results from phase I trials in patients with nonhematologic solid tumors indicate that this combination is well tolerated. The maximum tolerated dose of docetaxel in combination with carboplatin (target area under the time-concentration curve of 6 mg/mL.min) is 90 mg/m2 without granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) (filgrastim [Neupogen]) support and 100 mg/m2 with G-CSF support. The combination of docetaxel and carboplatin is presently being evaluated in a multicenter phase II study for patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.