Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Evolution of the Internal Offshore Software Development Model at Dell Inc.

Global software development not only enables lower operational costs, but makes it possible for companies to have an organizational branch which can drive standardization across all IT segments. Dell Inc global development services took off in 2001 and since then has expanded to Brazil, two centers in India, and one center in Russia. For six years these centers were to some extent independent, and performed the role of a software development consulting/factory inside Dell. Now, the global development centers have migrated to a business centric model, on which they are no longer a separate structure, but directly bound to the IT segments of each business area. The purpose of this paper is to show the evolution of the internal offshore software development model adopted by Dell and the results achieved by this endeavor.
Exclusion of Integrins from CNS Axons Is Regulated by Arf6 Activation and the AIS

Integrins are adhesion and survival molecules involved in axon growth during CNS development, as well as axon regeneration after injury in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Adult CNS axons do not regenerate after injury, partly due to a low intrinsic growth capacity. We have previously studied the role of integrins in axon growth in PNS axons; in the present study, we investigate whether integrin mechanisms involved in PNS regeneration may be altered or lacking from mature CNS axons by studying maturing CNS neurons in vitro. In rat cortical neurons, we find that integrins are present in axons during initial growth but later become restricted to the somato-dendritic domain. We investigated how this occurs and whether it can be altered to enhance axonal growth potential. We find a developmental change in integrin trafficking; transport becomes predominantly retrograde throughout axons, but not dendrites, as neurons mature. The directionality of transport is controlled through the activation state of ARF6, with developmental upregulation of the ARF6 GEF ARNO enhancing retrograde transport. Lowering ARF6 activity in mature neurons restores anterograde integrin flow, allows transport into axons, and increases axon growth. In addition, we found that the axon initial segment is partly responsible for exclusion of integrins and removal of this structure allows integrins into axons. Changing posttranslational modifications of tubulin with taxol also allows integrins into the proximal axon. The experiments suggest that the developmental loss of regenerative ability in CNS axons is due to exclusion of growth-related molecules due to changes in trafficking.
A five consecutive years’ study of renal function outcome among biopsy proven lupus nephritis patients in Southern Iran

Introduction Lupus nephritis (LN) is one of the most common complications of systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) responsible for an increase in mortality and morbidity. This study was conducted to evaluate the outcome for LN patients and factors that correlate with their outcome. Materials and methods We included 80 patients with proved LN and more than three-years follow up at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. We prepared a data gathering sheet for each patient and extracted the data from patients’ file records which existed in the hospital. Results The mean age of patients was 36.6 ± 10.6 years, and 88.3% of patients were women. Men develop remission less than women (three men (33.3%) vs 49 women (72.1%), p = 0.014). Chronic kidney disease (GFR < 60) developed in 14.2% of our patients, and 7.8% progressed to end stage renal disease (ESRD). We found a significant relation between initial creatinine (Cr), GFR, and urine 24 hour protein with developing ESRD (p = 0.002, 0.039, < 0.001, respectively). Also we found that hypertensive patients are at risk of developing ESRD 0.4 times more than normotensive patients (p = 0.047, CI: 0.131–0.985). Lack of remission was significantly associated with ESRD progression (p = 0.025). Conclusion There is a strong agreement among studies that initial Cr, hypertension and lack of remission are associated with poor outcome in LN patients. As a result we must observe hypertensive patients and patients with increased Cr more carefully. Also, we should consider changing treatment in patients who do not develop remission. In spite of dominancy of women in SLE, men are likely to have poorer outcomes.
Post-separation parenting and financial arrangements over time Recent qualitative findings

Increasing fathers' involvement in their children's lives post-separation, encouraging parental agreement without lawyers and courts, and protecting children from family violence and abuse were key aims of major Australian family law and process changes from 2006 to 2008. The changes included significant amendment to the parenting provisions of the Family Law Act 1975 (Cth) (FLA), the introduction of pre-filing family dispute resolution (FDR) for parenting disputes in most cases (along with the establishment of 65 federally funded Family Relationship Centres to help provide this), and a new Child Support formula from July 2008 (reflecting the shared parenting ethos of the FLA changes).
Relationships among advance directives, principal diagnoses, and discharge outcomes in critically ill older adults

Abstract Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationships among advance directive status, principal diagnoses, and the discharge outcomes in community-dwelling, critically ill older adults. Method: Using administrative and clinical data (n = 1673), multinomial logit regressions were used to examine the relationships among advance directive status, principal diagnoses, and discharge outcomes (in-hospital deaths, hospice discharges, and transition to institutions). Results: In the overall sample, the adjusted probability of in-hospital deaths with advance directives (12%) was lower than that without advance directives (17%; odds ratio [OR] = 0.56; p = 0.007) and the adjusted probability of hospice discharges with advance directives (11%) was higher than that without advance directives (7%; OR = 1.96; p = 0.03). Subgroup analysis showed that the magnitude of the abovementioned changes was aggregated when their principal diagnoses were a group of diseases with more difficult prognostication (circulatory and respiratory diseases) and more potential for reversibility (infectious diseases). By contrast, the magnitude of the abovementioned findings was diminished with other principal diagnoses. On the other hand, the presence of advance directives did not make a contribution to transition from communities to institutions. Significance of results: Significantly fewer in-hospital deaths in addition to higher hospice discharges were observed with any advance directives in community-dwelling, critically ill older adults. The magnitude of these findings was aggregated when their principal diagnoses were a group of diseases with more difficult prognostication (circulatory and respiratory diseases) and more potential for reversibility (infectious diseases). By contrast, the magnitude of these findings was diminished with other principal diagnoses.
Rastreamento de sintomas depressivos em idosos na Estratégia Saúde da Família

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: To analyze the prevalence of depression in older adults and associated factors. METHODS: Cross-sectional study using a stratified random sample of 621 individuals aged ≥ 60 from 27 family health teams in Porto Alegre, RS, Southern Brazil, between 2010 and 2012. Community health agents measured depression using the 15-item Geriatric Depression Scale. Scores of ≥ 6 were considered as depression and between 11 and 15 as severe depression. Poisson regression was used to search for independent associations of sociodemographic and self-perceived health with both depression and its severity. RESULTS: The prevalence of depression was 30.6% and was significantly higher in women (35.9% women versus 20.9% men, p < 0.001). The variables independently associated with depression were: female gender (PR = 1.4, 95%CI 1.1;1.8); low education, especially illiteracy (PR = 1.8, 95%CI 1.2;2 6); regular self-rated health (OR = 2.2, 95%CI 1.6;3.0); and poor/very poor self-rated health (PR = 4.0, 95%CI 2.9;5.5). Except for education, the strength of association of these factors increases significantly in severe depression.
STUDIES ON TRICHOMONIASIS IN MALES*

The presence of Trichomonas vaginalis in the male urinary tract was discovered as early as 1883 by Kunstler (Kozlowski, 1951), but trichomoniasis in men, a disease which because of its high incidence is becoming a serious social problem, has only recently drawn the attention of medical research workers. The three recent international symposia (see References) have led to the publication of three monographs comprising most of the papers dealing with this subject. In Poland, T. vaginalis infection of the male urinary system has been investigated by various authors (Kolankowski, 1951; Kozlowski, 1951), and the studies reported below were undertaken by the Dermato-Venereological Clinic of the University Medical School of Bialystok.
Effects of physical education, extracurricular sports activities, and leisure satisfaction on adolescent aggressive behavior: A latent growth modeling approach

The present study aimed to investigate the longitudinal influence of physical education classes, extracurricular sports activities, and leisure satisfaction on aggressive behavior among South Korean adolescents. Data were drawn from the Korea Youth Panel Survey. We used latent growth curve modeling to explain the growth trajectory of adolescent aggressive behaviors and a multi-group analysis to investigate gender differences in aggressive behavior. The results indicated that adolescents’ aggressive behavior significantly changed with age. There were significant gender-based differences in the level of and changes in aggressive behavior over time. Both extracurricular sports activities and leisure satisfaction had significant influences on the changes in adolescents’ aggressive behavior with age, whereas physical education classes did not.
A Cross-cultural Evaluation of Temperament: Japan, USA, Poland and Russia

The present study represents an attempt to investigate early development of temperament across four cultures: Japan, United States of America (U.S), Poland, and Russia, through a cross-sectional design. Selection of these countries presented an opportunity to conduct comparisons between cultures that vary on the individualistic/collectivistic value systems. Parents responded to the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised, with U.S. and Polish infants received the highest ratings for a number of Positive Affectivity/Surgency dimensions: Smiling and Laughter, High Intensity Pleasure, Perceptual Sensitivity, Approach, and Vocal Reactivity. Japanese and Russian infants were characterized as demonstrating the highest and the second highest levels of fearfulness, respectively, with U.S. and Polish infants receiving relatively lower ratings from their caregivers. Age and gender differences were observed across all four cultures. Significant gender differences emerged for High Intensity Pleasure and Approach, with males receiving higher scores than females. Older infants were perceived by their caregivers as exhibiting higher levels of Distress to Limitations and Fear compared to the younger age group.
Localization and Characterization of Flavivirus Envelope Glycoprotein Cross-Reactive Epitopes

ABSTRACT The flavivirus E glycoprotein, the primary antigen that induces protective immunity, is essential for membrane fusion and mediates binding to cellular receptors. Human flavivirus infections stimulate virus species-specific as well as flavivirus cross-reactive immune responses. Flavivirus cross-reactive antibodies in human sera create a serious problem for serodiagnosis, especially for secondary flavivirus infections, due to the difficulty of differentiating primary from secondary cross-reactive serum antibodies. The presence of subneutralizing levels of flavivirus cross-reactive serum antibodies may result in a dramatic increase in the severity of secondary flavivirus infections via antibody-dependent enhancement. An understanding of flavivirus E-glycoprotein cross-reactive epitopes is therefore critical for improving public health responses to these serious diseases. We identified six E-glycoprotein residues that are incorporated into three distinct flavivirus cross-reactive epitopes. Two of these epitopes which are recognized by distinct monoclonal antibodies contain overlapping continuous residues located within the highly conserved fusion peptide. The third epitope consists of discontinuous residues that are structurally related to the strictly conserved tryptophan at dengue virus serotype 2 E-glycoprotein position 231.
Confusion or delirium in patients with posterior cerebral arterial infarction.

OBJECTIVE To identify the possible anatomic sites and risk factors for the development of confusion or delirium in patients with posterior cerebral arterial (PCA) infarction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-nine patients aged 34-86 years with PCA infarction were divided into two groups: one with and the other without perturbed mentation. The clinical and laboratory data, including neuroimages, were retrospectively reviewed. Student-t, chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were performed for data analysis. RESULTS Confusion or delirium tended to develop in the left (10/13) or bilateral (5/5) PCA infarction as compared to the right PCA infarction (3/15) (P< 0.05) and medial occipital-temporal gyri involvement was crucial for its development (P< 0.05). The results were also noted in the patients with first-ever stroke. Diabetes mellitus was the sole biochemical factor to be associated with confusion or delirium (P< 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The involvement of the medial occipito-temporal gyri, especially on the left side was the pivotal factor for the development of confusion or delirium in patients with PCA infarction. Higher prevalence of diabetes mellitus was also observed in the group with mental perturbation.
A population‐based Bayesian approach to the minimal model of glucose and insulin homeostasis

The minimal model was proposed in the late 1970s by Bergman et al. (Am. J. Physiol. 1979; 236(6):E667) as a powerful model consisting of three differential equations describing the glucose and insulin kinetics of a single individual. Considering the glucose and insulin simultaneously, the minimal model is a highly ill‐posed estimation problem, where the reconstruction most often has been done by non‐linear least squares techniques separately for each entity. The minimal model was originally specified for a single individual and does not combine several individuals with the advantage of estimating the metabolic portrait for a whole population. Traditionally it has been analysed in a deterministic set‐up with only error terms on the measurements. In this work we adopt a Bayesian graphical model to describe the coupled minimal model that accounts for both measurement and process variability, and the model is extended to a population‐based model. The estimation of the parameters are efficiently implemented in a Bayesian approach where posterior inference is made through the use of Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques. Hereby we obtain a powerful and flexible modelling framework for regularizing the ill‐posed estimation problem often inherited in coupled stochastic differential equations. We demonstrate the method on experimental data from intravenous glucose tolerance tests performed on 19 normal glucose‐tolerant subjects. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Nav1.7 mutations associated with paroxysmal extreme pain disorder, but not erythromelalgia, enhance Navβ4 peptide‐mediated resurgent sodium currents

Abnormal pain sensitivity associated with inherited and acquired pain disorders occurs through increased excitability of peripheral sensory neurons in part due to changes in the properties of voltage‐gated sodium channels (Navs). Resurgent sodium currents (INaR) are atypical currents believed to be associated with increased excitability of neurons and may have implications in pain. Mutations in Nav1.7 (peripheral Nav isoform) associated with two genetic pain disorders, inherited erythromelalgia (IEM) and paroxysmal extreme pain disorder (PEPD), enhance Nav1.7 function via distinct mechanisms. We show that changes in Nav1.7 function due to mutations associated with PEPD, but not IEM, are important in INaR generation, suggesting that INaR may play a role in pain associated with PEPD. This knowledge provides us with a better understanding of the mechanism of INaR generation and may lead to the development of specialized treatment for pain disorders associated with INaR.
Mechanisms of Hearing Loss in Neurofibromatosis Type 2

Introduction Patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) develop bilateral cochleovestibular schwannomas (CVSs) that cause binaural deafness in most individuals. Hearing loss occurs in an unpredictable manner and the underlying mechanisms are not known. To gain insight into the pathophysiologic basis for hearing loss in NF2, we performed a prospective cross-sectional study of untreated ears in NF2 patients. Methods One hundred consecutive NF2 patients in a prospective natural history study were included. Clinical and audiometric data were analyzed for treatment naïve ears. In addition to standard MR-imaging sequences, alterations in intralabyrinthine protein content were determined utilizing high resolution FLAIR, the presence of cochlear aperture obstruction was determined by examining 3D T2 sequences, and endolymphatic hydrops was identified on delayed post-contrast FLAIR sequences. Results Eighty-nine ears harboring 84 untreated CVSs in 56 consecutive NF2 patients (age 30±16 years) were analyzed. Thirty-four (38%) ears had varying degrees of hearing loss. Elevated intralabyrinthine protein was identified in 70 (75%) ears by FLAIR MR-imaging and was strongly associated with the presence of hearing loss (32/34 hearing loss ears; 94%)(Fisher's exact test; P = .005). Elevated intralabyrinthine protein was associated with the presence of CVS-associated cochlear aperture obstruction (64 of 67 ears with elevated protein; 96%)(Fisher's exact test; P<0.0001) in both normal and hearing loss ears. Elevated intralabyrinthine protein was not identified in ears without CVS (5 ears). While larger tumor size was associated with hearing loss (P = 0.006), 16 hearing loss ears (47%) harbored CVSs less than 0.5 cm3, including 14 ears (88%) with block of the cochlear aperture and elevated protein. Discussion These findings are consistent with a model in which hearing loss develops as a result of cochlear aperture obstruction and accumulation of intralabyrinthine protein. MRI based identification of elevated intralabyrinthine protein may help identify the ear at-risk for developing hearing loss.
Data Quality Mining - Making a Virute of Necessity

In this paper we introduce data quality mining (DQM) as a new and promising data mining approach from the academic and the business point of view. The goal of DQM is to employ data mining methods in order to detect, quantify, explain and correct data quality deﬁciencies in very large databases. Data quality is crucial for many applications of knowledge discovery in databases (KDD). So a typical application scenario for DQM is to support KDD projects, especially during the initial phases. Moreover, improving data quality is also a burning issue in many areas outside KDD. That is, DQM opens new and promising application ﬁelds for data mining methods outside the ﬁeld of pure data analysis. To give a ﬁrst impression of a concrete DQM approach, we describe how to employ association rules for the purpose of DQM.
Learning to Map Text to Graph-Based Meaning Representations via Grammar Induction

We argue in favor of using a graph-based representation for language meaning and propose a novel learning method to map natural language text to its graph-based meaning representation. We present a grammar formalism, which combines syntax and semantics, and has ontology constraints at the rule level. These constraints establish links between language expressions and the entities they refer to in the real world. We present a relational learning algorithm that learns these grammars from a small representative set of annotated examples, and show how this grammar induction framework and the ontology-based semantic representation allow us to directly map text to graph-based meaning representations.
Parasitism as a constraint on the rate of life‐history evolution

There are a number of ways in which a host can respond in evolutionary time to reductions in survival and reproduction due to a virulent parasite. These include evolving physiological morphological, or behavioural mechanisms of resistance to infection (or to proliferation, once infection has occurred). But a more unexpected tactic is also possible. This is for hosts to reproduce (slightly) sooner when in the presence of a virulent parasite as compared to when the parasite is less virulent or absent. As such, hosts which reproduce younger may be at a selective advantage, since they can both evade parasitism in time and, even when parasitised, can reduce the likely impact of the parasite on survival and reproductive success. We employ a simple mathematical model to propose that parasites and pathogens can act as important agents in the evolution of the timing of reproduction and associated life‐history characters (e.g. body size). Once established in a semelparous host population, evolutionary increases in parasite virulence should result in the evolution of shorter lived hosts; whereas the evolution of less virulent forms of the parasite should be accompanied by the evolution of longer lived hosts. We argue that in the presence of a sufficiently virulent parasite the evolution of longer pre‐reproductive life‐spans should require the previous or concomitant evolution of morphological, behavioural or physiological resistance to parasitic infection and proliferation.
Types of Anxiety and Depression: Theoretical Assumptions and Development of the Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire

The present paper is addressed to (1) the validation of a recently proposed typology of anxiety and depression, and (2) the presentation of a new tool—the Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire (ADQ)—based on this typology. Empirical data collected across two stages—construction and validation—allowed us to offer the final form of the ADQ, designed to measure arousal anxiety, apprehension anxiety, valence depression, anhedonic depression, and mixed types of anxiety and depression. The results support the proposed typology of anxiety and depression and provide evidence that the ADQ is a reliable and valid self-rating measure of affective types, and accordingly its use in scientific research is recommended.
Overview of Brazilian Scientific Production in Psychological Evaluation

Attentive to the scenario of the Psychological Assessment, this study aimed at the meta-scientific investigation of national publications dated from 2003-2012. 696 articles obtained through Index Psi, PEPSIC, LILACS, and SciELO were analyzed under the following categories: disclosure, authorship, speech, theme and methodology. Among the results we met: a) an increase in the domestic production from 2003 to 2008 and its subsequent slowdown in publications; b) the high concentration of production in the Southeastern region of the country; c) the predominance of empirical studies for the development of instruments; d) the focus in the fields of Clinical Psychology, Health Psychology, and School Psychology; e) absence of work that expose the articulation and integration of data in the evaluation process. Therefore, we discuss the need for investment in underdeveloped regions in this area of production, approach diversification, themes and contexts, and attention to the effective capability of methods integration in Psychological Assessment.