Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
How musical engagement promotes well-being in education contexts: The case of a young man with profound and multiple disabilities

Students with profound intellectual disabilities disorders (IDDs) have the right to participate in educational opportunities that recognize their unique resources and needs, as do all children. Because of their specific communication challenges, positive relationships with attentive communication partners are critical for success. In fact, the power of positive relationships in schools is recognized to be connected to student well-being more broadly. This article examines the case of one young man with profound IDD and his relationship with his music therapist using a duo-ethnographic informed paradigmatic case study. Video analysis based on multi-voice perspectives is used to generate hermeneutic phenomenological findings to closely examine the relationship between a young man with profound IDD and a music therapist. The voices of four allied health researchers were also gathered to inform the authors’ construction of an informed commentary on the phenomenon. The results suggest that the essence lay in a combination of attentive, responsive and creative being with the other person over time. Four principles of musical engagement were identified in the video footage as critical to the meaningful relationships through music: the music therapist listens; the music therapist takes responsibility for structure; spontaneous initiation is sought from the young person; and the relationship is built over time. These concepts are contextualized within a discussion of student well-being that is underpinned by positive relationships and leads to students achieving their full potential within diverse school contexts.
Models of Grid Cell Spatial Firing Published 2005–2011

Since the discovery of grid cells in rat entorhinal cortex, many models of their hexagonally arrayed spatial firing fields have been suggested. We review the models and organize them according to the mechanisms they use to encode position, update the positional code, read it out in the spatial grid pattern, and learn any patterned synaptic connections needed. We mention biological implementations of the models, but focus on the models on Marr’s algorithmic level, where they are not things to individually prove or disprove, but rather are a valuable collection of metaphors of the grid cell system for guiding research that are all likely true to some degree, with each simply emphasizing different aspects of the system. For the convenience of interested researchers, MATLAB implementations of the discussed grid cell models are provided at ModelDB accession 144006 or http://people.bu. edu/zilli/gridmodels.html.
A new energy efficient approach by separating data collection and data report in wireless sensor networks

A sensor network consists of a large number of distributed wireless sensors which are equipped with low power wireless transceivers. Network lifetime, scalability, and load balancing are important requirements for many data gathering sensor network applications. Network clustering is an effective approach for achieving these goals wherein sensors are grouped into multiple clusters. Multihop data transmission may provide efficient energy conservation further. A sensor in a cluster may work as a cluster head for data gathering, aggregation, and report to the base station (BS). These tasks can also be performed by distinct sensors in the same cluster. In this paper, we clarify some characteristics of multi-hop data transmission. Furthermore, we propose a new data gathering approach for single-hop transmission wherein both the data gathering and the aggregation are performed by the same sensor in a cluster but the report to the BS may be done by a different sensor. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm achieves better performance than other existing algorithms.
Hashin–Shtrikman bounds and their attainability for multi-phase composites

In this paper, we consider the problem of characterizing the set of the effective tensors of multi-phase composites, including those of conductive materials and elastic materials. We first present a novel derivation of the Hashin–Shtrikman (HS) bounds for multi-phase composites and the associated attainment condition. The attainment condition asserts that the HS bound is attainable if, and only if, there exists a second gradient field that is constant in all but the matrix phases. By restricting and constructing such second gradient fields, we obtain a series of sufficient conditions such that the HS bounds are attainable or unattainable. These attainability and unattainability results appear new for a generic situation. For special situations, our attainability and unattainability results recover the results of Milton (1981 Phys. Rev. Lett. 46, 542–545), Sigmund (2000 J. Mech. Phys. Solids 48, 397–428), Gibiansky & Sigmund (2000 J. Mech. Phys. Solids 48, 461–498) and Albin et al. (2007a J. Mech. Phys. Solids 55, 1513–1553).
The impact of the Phonics Screening Check on grouping by ability: A ‘necessary evil’ amid the policy storm

This article examines the impact of a statutory assessment in England, the Phonics Screening Check (PSC), on classroom practices of grouping children by ‘ability’. Bearing in mind the argument that assessment is the rudder that steers the otherwise slow‐moving battleship of educational practice, it is argued that the PSC has altered how teachers organise their classes and curriculum in both the affected year group (Year 1, children aged 5–6) and in earlier and later years. Using data from a nationwide survey of teachers (n = 1,373), focus groups and in‐depth interviews with teachers, the article examines how this relatively new phonics assessment forms part of a ‘policy storm’ of pressures relating to accountability, which encourage teachers to place children in groups on the basis of ability, even when they have doubts about this practice and there is little evidence to suggest grouping improves attainment. Practices include grouping children within classes, across year groups or even across several year groups, by phase of phonics learning, guided by advice from bought‐in private phonics schemes. There is also evidence of ‘educational triage’, where borderline children become the focus, and increased use of interventions which involve withdrawing children. Overall, the article uses the PSC to demonstrate how, in times of multiple policy pressures, assessment can rapidly alter practice, in this case making grouping a ‘necessary evil’, as one teacher respondent argued.
Developmental pattern of aquaporin expression in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) leaves

Aquaporins are multifunctional membrane channels which belong to the family of major intrinsic proteins (MIPs) and are best known for their ability to facilitate the movement of water. In the present study, earlier results from microarray experiments were followed up. These experiments had suggested that, in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), aquaporin family members are expressed in distinct patterns during leaf development. Real-time PCR and in situ hybridization were used to analyse the level and tissue-distribution of expression of candidate aquaporins, focusing on plasma membrane and tonoplast intrinsic proteins (PIPs, TIPs). Water channel function of seven aquaporins, whose transcripts were the most abundant and the most variable, was tested through expression in yeast and, in part, through expression in oocytes. All PIP1 and PIP2 subfamily members changed in expression during leaf development, with expression being much higher or lower in growing compared with mature tissue. The same applied to those TIPs which were expressed at detectable levels. Specific roles during leaf development are proposed for particular aquaporins.
Leaving a Lasting Impression: The Role of Foundational Family, Privacy, and Gender Messages on Coming Out Disclosures

iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv LIST OF TABLES. ix LIST OF FIGURES . x CHAPTER ONE. INTRODUCTION . 1 Coming Out . 2 Privacy . 4 CHAPTER TWO. LITERATURE REVIEW . 6 Family Research. 6 Social Norms . 8 Communication Privacy Management . 11 Principle One Ownership . 12 Principle Two Right to Control . 12 Principle Three Personal Management . 13 Family Privacy Culture . 15 Family Privacy Orientations . 15 Family Communication Patterns . 18 Summary. 20 CHAPTER THREE. METHOD . 21 Overview . 21 Method . 21 Participants . 21
Towards Automatically Eliminating Integer-Based Vulnerabilities

Over 100 C integer vulnerabilities have been publicly identified to date, some of which have resulted in serious disasters such as rocket malfunction. C integer vulnerabilities can arise when one integer type is cast to another incompatible integer type. The rules which determine integer cast safety are cumbersome, lengthy, and sometimes unintuitive. As a result, it is common to find thousands of potentially unsafe casts in even moderately sized programs. Despite the importance of writing safe and secure programs, the burden of correctly using (often necessary) integer casts is placed squarely on developers. We show that well-known sub-typing theory commonly found in type-safe languages can effectively an automatically be applied to protect against most integer casting vulnerabilities in C. We implement our techniques in a tool called PICK which statically detects potential integer vulnerabilities and inserts the necessary dynamic checks to prevent exploits. Our experiments (a) confirm potentially unsafe integer operations are rampant in source code, indicating the potential number of vulnerabilities is great, (b) show the introduced checks protect vulnerable programs, (c) show no manual modifications are needed in most cases, and (d) the inserted checks do not introduce measurable overhead. Thus, our approach and techniques provide a practical, efficient, and automatic method for protecting against integer vulnerabilities for even large programs written in C. This work is supported by grants from the National Science Foundation.
Mass to Light Ratio, Initial Mass Function, and Chemical Evolution in Disk Galaxies

Abstract Cosmological simulations of disk galaxy formation, when compared to the observed Tully–Fisher relation, suggest a low mass to light (M/L) ratio for the stellar component in spirals. We show that a number of 'bottom-light' initial mass functions (IMFs) suggested independently in the literature, do imply M/L ratios as low as required, at least for late type spirals (Sbc–Sc). However the typical M/L ratio, and correspondingly the zero point of the Tully–Fisher relation, is expected to vary considerably with Hubble type. Bottom-light IMFs tend to have a metal production in excess of what is typically estimated for spiral galaxies. Suitable tuning of the IMF slope and mass limits, post-supernova fallback of metals onto black holes or metal outflows must then be invoked, to reproduce the observed chemical properties of disk galaxies.
Thermodynamics and small quantum systems

Abstract Small quantum systems non-weakly coupled to a bath become in the quantum regime surrounded by a cloud of photons or phonons, which modifies their thermodynamic behaviour. Exactly solvable examples are the Brownian motion of a quantum particle in a harmonic confining potential and coupled to a harmonic quantum thermal bath, e.g. an ion in a Penning trap, and a spin immersed in a bosonic bath, as occurs in NMR physics. It appears that the Clausius inequality d Q≤TdS can be violated. For non-adiabatic changes of system parameters the rate of energy dissipation can be negative, and, out of equilibrium, cyclic processes are possible which extract work from the bath. Experimental set-ups for testing some of the effects are discussed.
Consolidation of Visual Associative Long-Term Memory in the Temporal Cortex of Primates

Neuropsychological theories have proposed a critical role for the interaction between the medial temporal lobe and the neocortex in the formation of long-term memory for facts and events, which has often been tested by learning of a series of paired words or figures in humans. We have examined neural mechanisms underlying the memory "consolidation" process by single-unit recording and molecular biological methods in an animal model of a visual pair-association task in monkeys. In our previous studies, we found that long-term associative representations of visual objects are acquired through learning in the neural network of the anterior inferior temporal (IT) cortex. In this article, we propose the hypothesis that limbic neurons undergo rapid modification of synaptic connectivity and provide backward signals that guide the reorganization of neocortical neural circuits. Two experiments tested this hypothesis: (1) we examined the role of the backward connections from the medial temporal lobe to the IT cortex by injecting ibotenic acid into the entorhinal and perirhinal cortices, which provided massive backward projections ipsilaterally to the IT cortex. We found that the limbic lesion disrupted the associative code of the IT neurons between the paired associates, without impairing the visual response to each stimulus. (2) We then tested the first half of this hypothesis by detecting the expression of immediate-early genes in the monkey temporal cortex. We found specific expression of zif268 during the learning of a new set of paired associates in the pair-association task, most intensively in area 36 of the perirhinal cortex. All these results with the visual pair-association task support our hypothesis and demonstrate that the consolidation process, which was first proposed on the basis of clinico-psychological evidence, can now be examined in primates using neurophysiolocical and molecular biological approaches.
The architecture of the DNA replication origin recognition complex in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

The origin recognition complex (ORC) is conserved in all eukaryotes. The six proteins of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae ORC that form a stable complex bind to origins of DNA replication and recruit prereplicative complex (pre-RC) proteins, one of which is Cdc6. To further understand the function of ORC we recently determined by single-particle reconstruction of electron micrographs a low-resolution, 3D structure of S. cerevisiae ORC and the ORC–Cdc6 complex. In this article, the spatial arrangement of the ORC subunits within the ORC structure is described. In one approach, a maltose binding protein (MBP) was systematically fused to the N or the C termini of the five largest ORC subunits, one subunit at a time, generating 10 MBP-fused ORCs, and the MBP density was localized in the averaged, 2D EM images of the MBP-fused ORC particles. Determining the Orc1–5 structure and comparing it with the native ORC structure localized the Orc6 subunit near Orc2 and Orc3. Finally, subunit–subunit interactions were determined by immunoprecipitation of ORC subunits synthesized in vitro. Based on the derived ORC architecture and existing structures of archaeal Orc1–DNA structures, we propose a model for ORC and suggest how ORC interacts with origin DNA and Cdc6. The studies provide a basis for understanding the overall structure of the pre-RC.
The spectrum of neurological disorders presenting at a neurology clinic in Yaoundé, Cameroon

Introduction The burden of these neurological diseases is higher in developing countries. However, there is a paucity and scarcity of literature on neurological diseases in sub-Saharan Africa. This study was therefore undertaken to determine the pattern of neurological diseases in this setting and then, compare to those elsewhere in the African continent and also serve as a baseline for planning and care for neurological disorders in Cameroon. Methods The study was conducted at the Clinique Bastos, in Yaoundé, city capital of Cameroon, centre region. Over a period of six years, all medical records were reviewed by a neurologist and neurological diagnoses classified according to ICD-10. Results Out of 4526 admissions 912 patients (20.15%) were given a neurological diagnosis. The most frequent neurological disorders were headache (31.9%), epilepsy (9.86%), intervertebral disc disorder (7.67%), followed by lumbar and cervical arthrosis, polyneuropathy, stroke, Parkinson disease and dementia. According to ICD-10 classification, Episodic and paroxysmal disorders (headaches, epilepsy, cerebrovascular, sleep disorders) were observed on 424 (46.48%) patients; followed by nerve, nerve root and plexus disorders in 115 (12.6%) patients. Conclusion The above data emphasizes that neurological disease contributes substantially to morbidity in an urban African hospital. Headaches, epilepsy and intervertebral disc disorders are major causes of morbidity.
Commerce informel et marchands ambulants au Maroc - Entre répression et institutionnalisation

Cet article analyse les logiques de fonctionnement et de diffusion du commerce ambulant dans le cas d’un pays emergent comme le Maroc. La proliferation de ce commerce pose des problemes de concurrence deloyale vis-a-vis du secteur formel, mais egalement d’encombrement et d’occupation illegale de l’espace public. L’article discute egalement les politiques publiques mises en œuvre, qui oscillent entre repression et institutionnalisation.
Investigating pre-service science teachers’ perceived technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK) regarding genetics

Abstract Background Understanding pre-service science teachers’ (PSTs) perceived knowledge on a subject and teaching that subject is important to better prepare these teachers for their future career. Purpose In this study, PSTs’ perceived Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK) on genetics and the contribution of the dimensions of perceived TPACK on PSTs’ subject matter knowledge of genetics were investigated. Moreover, the differences in the perceived TPACK with regard to gender and grade level were examined further. Sample 1530 PSTs from eight public universities located in Central Anatolia in Turkey participated to the study. Design and methods Perceived TPACK on Genetics Questionnaire (MaKinster, Boone, and Trautmann 2010) and Test of Basic Genetic Concepts (Sadler and Zeidler 2005) were used. Regarding perceived TPACK eight sub-dimensions were emerged, namely; Educational Technology Knowledge (ETK), Genetic Technology Knowledge (GTK), Project Specific Technology Knowledge (PSTK), Content Knowledge (CK), Pedagogical Knowledge (PK), Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), Technological Content Knowledge (TCK), and TPACK. Descriptive analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and MANOVA analyses were conducted to provide answers to research questions. Design and methods The students were surveyed before and after the program using open-ended and Likert scale items, and were asked to complete a nuclear science version of the Draw-A-Scientist-Test. Results The participants’ mean value of total TPACK is 4.15 out of 6. Pre-service science teachers perceived themselves most knowledgeable on PK and least knowledgeable on PSTK dimensions. The content-related perceived TPACK dimensions significantly contributed to PSTs’ subject matter knowledge of genetics. The mean scores of male and female PSTs were found significantly different in PSTK, PK, PCK, TCK and TPACK dimension. ETK, GTK, PSTK, and CK scores of participants were also found to be significantly different with regard to grade level. Conclusions This study provided descriptive information about PSTs’ levels of TPACK. Moreover, this study also showed the contribution of content-related perceived TPACK dimensions on subject matter knowledge of genetics. This study showed that female PSTs and PSTs, who took courses in which science, technology, and pedagogy are taken as an integrated manner, had better perceived TPACK. We can conclude that PSTs’ perceived TPACK knowledge is situated in a particular subject matter area. Therefore, instead of seeking for TPACK in a general domain, focusing on specific subject matter areas can give us more insight into the nature of the TPACK and better development of PSTs’ TPACK.
The Cytochrome P450 4A/F-20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid System: A Regulator of Endothelial Precursor Cells Derived from Human Umbilical Cord Blood

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) contribute to physiological and pathological neovascularization. Previous data have suggested that the cytochrome P450 4A/F (CYP4A/F)-20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) system regulates neovascularization. Therefore, we studied whether the angiogenic effects of the CYP4A/F-20-HETE system involve regulation of EPC function. We extracted human umbilical cord blood and isolated EPCs, which express AC133+CD34+ and kinase insert domain receptor (KDR) surface markers and contain mRNA and protein for CYP4A11 and CYP4A22 enzymes, as opposed to mesenchymal stem cells, which only express negligible amounts of CYP4A11/22. When EPCs were incubated with arachidonic acid, they produced 20-HETE, which stimulated the cells to proliferate and migrate, as did vascular endothelial growth factor. Incubation with 1 μM N-hydroxy-N′-(4-butyl-2-methylphenyl)formamidine (HET0016), a selective inhibitor of 20-HETE synthesis, reduced the proliferative and migratory effects of vascular endothelial growth factor and also significantly abolished EPC migration mediated by stroma-derived factor-1α, as did (6,15) 20-hydroxyeicosadienoic acid. Coculturing EPCs and endothelial cells on a Matrigel matrix led to tube formation, which in turn was inhibited by both HET0016 and 20-hydroxyeicosadienoic acid. We concluded that the CYP4A/F-20-HETE system is expressed in EPCs and can act as both an autocrine and a paracrine regulatory factor.
Immigrant voters against their will: a focus group analysis of identities, political issues and party allegiances among German resettlers during the 2017 bundestag election campaign

ABSTRACT This article provides an analysis of the political preferences of ethnic Germans who emigrated from the Soviet Union or its successor states. These resettlers (Aussiedler) and their descendants represent the biggest group of immigrant voters in Germany and reveal a rare combination of citizenship, ethnic identity and party support that makes it particularly interesting for applying existing approaches to immigrant voting behaviour. The analysis explores the link between identity, political issue and candidate orientations, and the (traditionally high) support of resettlers for the Christian Democrats. It also addresses the possibility of Germany’s newest Radical Right Party – the Alternative for Germany – attracting this particular group of voters. Evidence for both of these trends can be identified based on a series of focus groups conducted in early 2017, pointing especially to the role of group identity and immigration policy preferences.
Audio vs chat: can media speed explain the differences in productivity?

During the last years chat based instant messaging has become a part of the normal communication culture. Instant messaging based chat is now rapidly becoming a mainstream communication medium even in business environments. The same is becoming true for Voice over IP enabled audio communication. Skype, a high quality VoIP software has been downloaded over 200 million times and internet providers start to sell transparent VoIP products, which are usable with ordinary telephones. But these new technologies require new communication choices. We conducted an experiment to observe the effect of these new communication media on groups of four using chat or audio communication to work on tasks of uncertainty or equivocality. The results showed that audio groups were significantly more productive than chat groups for tasks of equivocality, while chat communication groups proved to be at least as productive as audio groups on tasks of uncertainty. Therefore we wanted to explore further, why these effects happened and what factors influenced the productivity of the groups. Based on our previous research and the media richness theory and the theory of media synchronicity the paper poses the hypothesis, that audio communication is faster, while chat communication is more efficient.