Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Influence Of Personality (Extraversion And Neuroticism) On Body Image, Mediated By Celebrity Worship, Among Thai Female Adolescents In Bangkok

The purpose of the current investigation was to examine the direct and indirect influences of the two dimensions of personality (extraversion and neuroticism) on body image, being mediated by celebrity worship, among adolescents in Bangkok. A total of 250 female adolescents were recruited from various locations/sites in Metropolitan Bangkok through convenience sampling. The participation involved the filling in of a set of Thai-translated questionnaires. The scales used were Celebrity Attitude Scale (CAS), The Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised Short Form (EPQR-S), and the Body Appreciation Scale (BAS). Results indicated that there are no indirect influences of personality (extraversion and neuroticism) on body image, being mediated by celebrity worship dimensions (entertainment-social, intense-personal, and borderline-pathological). Furthermore, it was demonstrated that extraversion has no impact on body image. There is, however, a significant direct negative influence of neuroticism on body image such that the higher the female adolescents’ level of neuroticism, the more negative is their body image. There is also a positive influence of extraversion on intense-personal celebrity worship which suggests that the higher the level of extraversion, the more intense and personal is the level of celebrity worship. In addition, entertainment-social celebrity worship has a positive influence on body image such that the higher the female adolescents’ level of entertainment-social celebrity worship, the more positive is their body image.
The Burst Behavior of the Eclipsing Low-Mass X-Ray Binary MXB 1659–298

We present a detailed study of the correlations between the burst properties and the inferred mass accretion rate for the X-ray transient MXB 1659-298. The bursts that exhibited oscillations were observed when the source was at a relatively high mass accretion rate, similar to what has been seen for other sources. However, owing to the limited number of observations at lower mass accretion rates, no bursts were observed at such accretion rates, and it is still possible that when MXB 1659-298 accretes at such low-mass accretion rates, bursts can occur that might still exhibit burst oscillations. No clear correlations were found between the different burst properties and the accretion rate, in contrast to what has been found for KS 1731-260 and 4U 1728-34, but similar to what has been reported for Aql X-1. However, this lack of correlation for MXB 1659-298 and Aql X-1 might be due to the limited range of the mass accretion rate observed for those sources compared to KS 1731-260 and 4U 1728-34.
Eigene und fremde Videos in der Lehrerfortbildung. Eine Fallanalyse zu kognitiven und emotionalen Prozessen beim Beobachten zweier unterschiedlicher Videotypen

Mit dem Beobachten von Videos des eigenen Unterrichts und von Videos fremder Lehrpersonen sind je spezifische Wirksamkeitsannahmen verbunden. Die [im Beitrag] dargestellte Studie zielte darauf, die kognitiven und emotionalen Prozesse beim Beobachten dieser beiden Videotypen systematisch zu vergleichen. Zehn Mathematiklehrkrafte kommentierten anhand von Leitfragen Sequenzen eigener oder fremder Videos im Rahmen einer webbasierten Lernumgebung. Die im Anschluss an qualitative und quantitative Inhaltsanalysen durchgefuhrten Fallvergleiche verweisen auf eine hohere emotionale Beteiligung von Lehrkraften, die ein fremdes Video analysierten. Die Emotionen stehen in einem positiven Zusammenhang mit einer vertieften Analyse von als kritisch eingeschatzten Situationen. Bei Lehrkraften der Gruppe "eigenes Video" verhindern vor allem selbstwertbezogene Emotionen die vertiefte Reflexion solcher Situationen. (DIPF/Orig.) The effects expected of video-analyses of lessons differ depending on whether videos of one's own lessons or videos of other teachers are being watched. The present study aims at systematically comparing the cognitive and emotional processes occurring when viewing these two types of videos. On the basis of key questions, ten math teachers commented on sequences from personal and third-party videos within the framework of a web-based learning environment. The case studies carried out subsequent to the qualitative and quantitative content analyses point to a stronger emotional involvement of teachers who were analyzing a third-party video. The emotions are positively correlated to an in-depth analysis of situations considered to be critical. Among those teachers analyzing personal videos self-worth-related emotions, in particular, impeded an in-depth reflection on such situations. (DIPF/Orig.)
An experimental study on effects of submersed macrophytes on nitrification and denitrification in ammonium‐rich aquatic systems

We have examined the role of microbial communities on the surface of submersed macrophytes and in the underlying sediment for nitrification and denitrification in light and dark in NH4+‐enriched microcosm systems using isotope pairing and dilution techniques. Potamogeton pectinatus L. and intact sediment cores were collected in a shallow reservoir receiving treated municipal wastewater and containing dense submersed vegetation. Chambers containing P. pectinatus shoots, sediment, or both P. pectinatus shoots and sediment were exposed to 6 h of darkness, 6 h of light, and 6 h of darkness. 14NH4+ and 15NO3− were added at ambient concentrations of 15 and 5 mg N liter−1, respectively. NH4+ was primarily nitrified in the epiphytic microbial communities, and NO3− was denitrified in the underlying sediment. In chambers containing macrophytes, there was a net production of O2 and NO3− in light and a net consumption in dark, and nitrification was higher in light than in dark. In chambers with only sediment, there was always a net consumption of NO3−, and nitrification was similar in light and dark. The results show that submersed macrophytes can be important for the N metabolism in NH4+‐ rich freshwaters (e.g., wastewater treatment systems) by stimulating nitrification through providing surfaces for attached nitrifying bacteria and possibly also through diurnal changes in the water chemistry.
Awkward sincerity and critical empathy: Encounters in “international marriage brokering” and feminist anthropology

When feminist anthropologists engage “Others” close to home – those who might actively criticize feminism or whose political orientations are uncomfortably both familiar and strange – fieldwork encounters engender discomfiting methodological and representational challenges. Here, I explore those challenges through an examination of my own fieldwork among U.S. men participating in the “international marriage brokering” industry, specifically those married to or seeking spouses from the former Soviet Union. Anthropology traditionally represents the experiences and beliefs of culturally distant others relativistically and rather empathetically; but does this task shift when those observed are (at least in some ways) close to home, and when the researcher's personal and intellectual politics (and those of her most expected academic audiences) are in tension with her interlocutors'? This essay describes some of the tense moments and unsettling questions that arose in my own (conventional and online) ethnography and how I chose to navigate them. Ultimately, it argues that a key goal of feminist anthropology should be to use ethnography to create humanizing portrayals of those whom our audiences might otherwise find confusing or offensive – even as we keep dynamics of power and inequity in view. This is a politics of critical empathy that ideally lends itself to opening up new conversations among distinct, mutually skeptical audiences.
Findings from an online survey of family carer experience of the management of challenging behaviour in people with intellectual disabilities, with a focus on the use of psychotropic medication

Background: There is relatively little published data that report the experiences and views of family carers of people with intellectual disabilities who display challenging behaviour who are prescribed psychotropic medication. / Materials and methods: An online structured questionnaire was created by the Challenging Behaviour Foundation, a UK charity, and family carers of people with intellectual disability. Questions concerned the management of challenging behaviour and asked family carers about their experiences and views on the use of psychotropic medication. Responses were gathered between August and October 2016. Results are summarised using descriptive and inferential statistics and descriptive analysis of free‐text comments. / Findings: Ninety‐nine family carers completed the survey. Family carers reported gaps in the holistic and proactive management of challenging behaviour. Whilst some felt involved in decisions around psychotropic medication prescribing, others described feeling marginalised and lacking information and influence. The decision to prescribe psychotropic medication evoked complex emotions in family carers and medication use was associated with mixed outcomes in those prescribed. Family carers identified areas of good practice and those areas where they believe improvements are needed. / Conclusions: Psychotropic medication should be only one option in a multimodal approach to challenging behaviour, but this may not always be reflected in current practice. Greater effort needs to be made to ensure that services are equipped to provide optimum care and to embed shared decision‐making into routine practice.
DRAFT : 7 / 6 / 04 Comments welcome Assigning subjective probabilities to event trees : Partition dependence and bias toward the ignorance prior

Decision and risk analysts have considerable discretion in designing procedures for eliciting subjective probabilities. One popular approach is to specify a particular set of exclusive and exhaustive events for which the assessor provides subjective probabilities. We show that assessed probabilities are biased toward a uniform distribution over all events into which the relevant sample space happens to be partitioned. We surmise that an assessor begins with an “ignorance prior” probability distribution that assigns equal probabilities to the specified events, then insufficiently adjusts those probabilities to reflect his or her beliefs concerning how the likelihood of the events differ. In five studies, we demonstrate partition dependence for both discrete events and continuous variables (Studies 1 and 2), show that the bias decreases (but may or may not disappear) with increased domain knowledge (Studies 3 & 4), and that top experts in decision analysis are susceptible to this bias (Study 5). We relate our work to previous research on the “pruning bias” in fault-tree assessment (e.g., Fischhoff, Slovic, & Lichtenstein, 1978) and show that previous explanations (enhanced availability of specified events, ambiguity in interpreting event categories, demand effects) cannot fully account for the effect. We conclude by discussing implications for decision-analysis practice.
Dark Triad Dirty Dozen: Avaliando seus Parâmetros Via TRI

The present study aimed to explore the psychometric parameters of the Dirty Dozen through the Item Response Theory (IRT), using the Graduated Response Model. Participants included 284 individuals, with a mean age of 24.2 years (SD = 8.76). Initially the dimensionality of the scale was checked and results that support a three-oblique-factor structure were found (CFI = 0.99; TLI = 0.98; RMSEA = 0.03). Therefore, IRT analyses were performed separately for each factor. Then, it was verified that the items discriminate participants properly, being those items belonging to the narcissism factor the ones mostly endorsed; Machiavellianism and psychopathy demanded a greater amount of theta in order to agree with the item content, perhaps because these traits are socially undesirable. It is considered that the aims of the study were achieved, providing evidence of this short measure through the IRT, showing the possibilities of its use in future studies.
Impacts and shortcomings of genetic clustering methods for infectious disease outbreaks

For infectious diseases, a genetic cluster is a group of closely related infections that is usually interpreted as representing a recent outbreak of transmission. Genetic clustering methods are becoming increasingly popular for molecular epidemiology, especially in the context of HIV where there is now considerable interest in applying these methods to prioritize groups for public health resources such as pre-exposure prophylaxis. To date, genetic clustering has generally been performed with ad hoc algorithms, only some of which have since been encoded and distributed as free software. These algorithms have seldom been validated on simulated data where clusters are known, and their interpretation and similarities are not transparent to users outside of the field. Here, I provide a brief overview on the development and inter-relationships of genetic clustering methods, and an evaluation of six methods on data simulated under an epidemic model in a risk-structured population. The simulation analysis demonstrates that the majority of clustering methods are systematically biased to detect variation in sampling rates among subpopulations, not variation in transmission rates. I discuss these results in the context of previous work and the implications for public health applications of genetic clustering.
Medical abortion and the risk of subsequent adverse pregnancy outcomes.

BACKGROUND The long-term safety of surgical abortion in the first trimester is well established. Despite the increasing use of medical abortion (abortion by means of medication), limited information is available regarding the effects of this procedure on subsequent pregnancies. METHODS We identified all women living in Denmark who had undergone an abortion for nonmedical reasons between 1999 and 2004 and obtained information regarding subsequent pregnancies from national registries. Risks of ectopic pregnancy, spontaneous abortion, preterm birth (at <37 weeks of gestation), and low birth weight (<2500 g) in the first subsequent pregnancy in women who had had a first-trimester medical abortion were compared with risks in women who had had a first-trimester surgical abortion. RESULTS Among 11,814 pregnancies in women who had had a previous first-trimester medical abortion (2710 women) or surgical abortion (9104 women), there were 274 ectopic pregnancies (respective incidence rates, 2.4% and 2.3%), 1426 spontaneous abortions (12.2% and 12.7%), 552 preterm births (5.4% and 6.7%), and 478 births with low birth weight (4.0% and 5.1%). After adjustment for maternal age, interval between pregnancies, gestational age at abortion, parity, cohabitation status, and urban or nonurban residence, medical abortion was not associated with a significantly increased risk of ectopic pregnancy (relative risk, 1.04; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.76 to 1.41), spontaneous abortion (relative risk, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.72 to 1.05), preterm birth (relative risk, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.66 to 1.18), or low birth weight (relative risk, 0.82; 95% CI, 0.61 to 1.11). Gestational age at medical abortion was not significantly associated with any of these adverse outcomes. CONCLUSIONS We found no evidence that a previous medical abortion, as compared with a previous surgical abortion, increases the risk of spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy, preterm birth, or low birth weight.
Facial Emotion Recognition after Curative Nondominant Temporal Lobectomy in Patients with Mesial Temporal Sclerosis

Summary: Purpose: The right (nondominant) amygdala is crucial for processing facial emotion recognition (FER). Patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) associated with mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) often incur right amygdalar damage, resulting in impaired FER if TLE onset occurred before age 6 years. Consequently, early right mesiotemporal insult has been hypothesized to impair plasticity, resulting in FER deficits, whereas damage after age 5 years results in no deficit. The authors performed this study to test this hypothesis in a uniformly seizure‐free postsurgical population.
Hyperpolarization-Activated Current (Ih) Is Reduced in Hippocampal Neurons from Gabra5−/− Mice

Changes in the expression of γ-aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptors can either drive or mediate homeostatic alterations in neuronal excitability. A homeostatic relationship between α5 subunit-containing GABAA (α5GABAA) receptors that generate a tonic inhibitory conductance, and HCN channels that generate a hyperpolarization-activated cation current (Ih) was recently described for cortical neurons, where a reduction in Ih was accompanied by a reciprocal increase in the expression of α5GABAA receptors resulting in the preservation of dendritosomatic synaptic function. Here, we report that in mice that lack the α5 subunit gene (Gabra5−/−), cultured embryonic hippocampal pyramidal neurons and ex vivo CA1 hippocampal neurons unexpectedly exhibited a decrease in Ih current density (by 40% and 28%, respectively), compared with neurons from wild-type (WT) mice. The resting membrane potential and membrane hyperpolarization induced by blockade of Ih with ZD-7288 were similar in cultured WT and Gabra5−/− neurons. In contrast, membrane hyperpolarization measured after a train of action potentials was lower in Gabra5−/− neurons than in WT neurons. Also, membrane impedance measured in response to low frequency stimulation was greater in cultured Gabra5−/− neurons. Finally, the expression of HCN1 protein that generates Ih was reduced by 41% in the hippocampus of Gabra5−/− mice. These data indicate that loss of a tonic GABAergic inhibitory conductance was followed by a compensatory reduction in Ih. The results further suggest that the maintenance of resting membrane potential is preferentially maintained in mature and immature hippocampal neurons through the homeostatic co-regulation of structurally and biophysically distinct cation and anion channels.
Male circumcision and human papillomavirus infection in men: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND We systematically reviewed the evidence for an association between male circumcision and Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection and genital warts in men. METHODS PubMed and Embase were searched to 15 September 2010. The measure of effect was the adjusted odds ratio (OR) or rate ratio (RR) when present and the crude estimate otherwise. Random effects meta-analyses were used to calculate summary measures of effect. RESULTS We identified 23 papers about the association between circumcision and HPV DNA. Circumcised men were less likely to have prevalent genital HPV infection than uncircumcised men (summary OR, 0.57, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.45-0.71) with between-study heterogeneity (P-heterogeneity = 0.006; I(2) = 50.5%; 19 studies). Similar summary associations were seen in clinical and methodological subgroups. The effect of circumcision was stronger at the glans/corona (OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.37-0.60) and urethra (OR, 0.35; 95% CI, 0.12-1.05) compared with sites more distal to the foreskin. There was weak evidence that circumcision was associated with decreased HPV incidence (summary RR, 0.75, 95% CI, 0.57-0.99; 3 studies) and increased HPV clearance (summary RR, 1.33; 95% CI, 0.89-1.98; 3 studies) but no evidence of an association with prevalent genital warts (OR, 0.93, 95% CI, 0.65-1.33; 15 studies). CONCLUSIONS Several countries are expanding access to voluntary medical male circumcision to reduce HIV prevalence. This could provide additional benefit in reducing HPV prevalence.
Artificial Polymeric Scaffolds as Extracellular Matrix Substitutes for Autologous Conjunctival Goblet Cell Expansion

Purpose We fabricated and investigated polymeric scaffolds that can substitute for the conjunctival extracellular matrix to provide a substrate for autologous expansion of human conjunctival goblet cells in culture. Methods We fabricated two hydrogels and two silk films: (1) recombinant human collagen (RHC) hydrogel, (2) recombinant human collagen 2-methacryloylxyethyl phosphorylcholine (RHC-MPC) hydrogel, (3) arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) modified silk, and (4) poly-D-lysine (PDL) coated silk, and four electrospun scaffolds: (1) collagen, (2) poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), (3) poly(caprolactone) (PCL), and (4) poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA). Coverslips and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) were used for comparison. Human conjunctival explants were cultured on scaffolds for 9 to 15 days. Cell viability, outgrowth area, and the percentage of cells expressing markers for stratified squamous epithelial cells (cytokeratin 4) and goblet cells (cytokeratin 7) were determined. Results Most of cells grown on all scaffolds were viable except for PCL in which only 3.6 ± 2.2% of the cells were viable. No cells attached to PVA scaffold. The outgrowth was greatest on PDL-silk and PET. Outgrowth was smallest on PCL. All cells were CK7-positive on RHC-MPC while 84.7 ± 6.9% of cells expressed CK7 on PDL-silk. For PCL, 87.10 ± 3.17% of cells were CK7-positive compared to PET where 67.10 ± 12.08% of cells were CK7-positive cells. Conclusions Biopolymer substrates in the form of hydrogels and silk films provided for better adherence, proliferation, and differentiation than the electrospun scaffolds and could be used for conjunctival goblet cell expansion for eventual transplantation once undifferentiated and stratified squamous cells are included. Useful polymer scaffold design characteristics have emerged from this study.
Uneasy feelings: Queer(y)ing the affective-politics of doctoral education

ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . iv PUBLICATIONS DRAWN ON IN THIS THESIS . viii ACRONYMS & ABBREVIATIONS . ix TABLE OF CONTENTS . x LIST OF TABLES . xv LIST OF FIGURES . xvi CHAPTER I – The affective-political practice of doctoral education . 1 Introducing the study . 1 Setting the scene: The changing context of doctoral education . 3 Exploring doctoral emotion research . 7 Feeling, ordinary, now: The case for examining the affective and political together . 12 The affective-political imaginary of higher education research . 17 Affective-political practice: A conceptual framework . 19 The case for queer(y)ing affective-politics . 22 The research problem and research questions . 27 The ‘doctorate’ . 29 Engaging the tension: Intellectual work and pragmatic politics . 30 Thesis structure . 35