Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The Fusarium graminearum Histone H3 K27 Methyltransferase KMT6 Regulates Development and Expression of Secondary Metabolite Gene Clusters

The cereal pathogen Fusarium graminearum produces secondary metabolites toxic to humans and animals, yet coordinated transcriptional regulation of gene clusters remains largely a mystery. By chromatin immunoprecipitation and high-throughput DNA sequencing (ChIP-seq) we found that regions with secondary metabolite clusters are enriched for trimethylated histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3), a histone modification associated with gene silencing. H3K27me3 was found predominantly in regions that lack synteny with other Fusarium species, generally subtelomeric regions. Di- or trimethylated H3K4 (H3K4me2/3), two modifications associated with gene activity, and H3K27me3 are predominantly found in mutually exclusive regions of the genome. To find functions for H3K27me3, we deleted the gene for the putative H3K27 methyltransferase, KMT6, a homolog of Drosophila Enhancer of zeste, E(z). The kmt6 mutant lacks H3K27me3, as shown by western blot and ChIP-seq, displays growth defects, is sterile, and constitutively expresses genes for mycotoxins, pigments and other secondary metabolites. Transcriptome analyses showed that 75% of 4,449 silent genes are enriched for H3K27me3. A subset of genes that were enriched for H3K27me3 in WT gained H3K4me2/3 in kmt6. A largely overlapping set of genes showed increased expression in kmt6. Almost 95% of the remaining 2,720 annotated silent genes showed no enrichment for either H3K27me3 or H3K4me2/3 in kmt6. In these cases mere absence of H3K27me3 was insufficient for expression, which suggests that additional changes are required to activate genes. Taken together, we show that absence of H3K27me3 allowed expression of an additional 14% of the genome, resulting in derepression of genes predominantly involved in secondary metabolite pathways and other species-specific functions, including putative secreted pathogenicity factors. Results from this study provide the framework for novel targeted strategies to control the “cryptic genome”, specifically secondary metabolite expression.
Comparison of loneliness, trait anger-anger expression style, self-esteem attributes with different playing position in soccer.

IntroductionSoccer is one of the most popular sports of all time. For instance; In Brazil whose population is over 180 million, there are more than 30 million recreational soccer players thus making this sport a national phenomenon (Bloomfield, PolmanO it's a phenomenon that can even express our sadness and / or happiness (KuruV each player should be trained not only for conditional attributes like endurance, strength, speed or agility but also should be trained technically and tactically. In accordance with that, each player should have different physical, physiological and psychological attributes depending on his/her playing position (Akin, Kireker & Koklu, 2009). It has been showed in various studies that soccer players have different physical, physiological or anthropometrical attributes depending on their playing positions (Bloomfield, Polman & O'Donoghue, 2007; Hazir, 2010; Koklu, Ozkan, AlemdarogluE Batigun H Arkar, Sari&Fidaner,2004). Anger is a kind of excitement which a person shows to an unpleasant situation, an event or to a person's behavior (Kaya & Solmaz, 2009). There are three possible aspects of anger on individuals: anger expression inward, anger expression outward and anger control (Brunelle, Janelle&Tennant, 1999). Many coaches believe that an angry player can perform better during competition. However this approach is denied by scientific studies (Brunelle, Janelle&Tennant, 1999). Both in our daily lives or in a sports environment, anger control which is defined as the ability to express anger in right ways, will be an important part for our performance (Kaya & Solmaz, 2009). One of the most important factors that affect sports performance is "self-esteem". Self-esteem is the reflection of an individual's evaluation of his/ her worth, being neither higher nor lower than reality and being pleased with himself/ herself (Ersan, Dogan&Dogan, 2009). In short, it is not about one-self seeing himself/herself as perfect, instead, it is accepting himself/herself for whoever he/she is and making an effort towards becoming better (Top,Kaymak,Gollu&Kaya ,2010). …
Re-ranking of spoken term detections using CRF-based triphone detection models

Conventional spoken term detection (STD) techniques, which use a text-based matching approach based on automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems, are not robust for speech recognition errors. This paper proposes a conditional random fields (CRF)-based re-ranking approach, which recomputes detection scores produced by a phoneme-based dynamic time warping (DTW) STD approach. In the re-ranking approach, we tackle STD as a sequence labeling problem. We use CRF-based triphone detection models based on features generated from multiple types of phoneme-based transcriptions. They train recognition error patterns such as phoneme-to-phoneme confusions on the CRF framework. Therefore, the models can detect a triphone, which is one of triphones composing a query term, with detection probability. In the experimental evaluation on the Japanese OOV test collection, the CRF-based approach alone could not outperform the conventional DTW-based approach we have already proposed; however, it worked well in the re-ranking (second-pass) process for the detections from the DTW-based approach. The CRF-based re-ranking approach made a 2.4% improvement of F-measure in the STD performance.
Regulation of ntcA Expression and Nitrite Uptake in the Marine Synechococcus sp. Strain WH 7803

ABSTRACT NtcA is a transcriptional activator involved in global nitrogen control in cyanobacteria. In the absence of ammonium it regulates the transcription of a series of genes encoding proteins required for the uptake and assimilation of alternative nitrogen sources (I. Luque, E. Flores, and A. Herrero, EMBO J. 13:2862–2869, 1994). ntcA, present in a single copy in the marine Synechococcus sp. strain WH 7803, was cloned and sequenced. The putative amino acid sequence shows a high degree of identity to NtcA from freshwater cyanobacteria in two functional domains. The expression ofntcA was negatively regulated by ammonium from a putative transcription start point located downstream of an NtcA consensus recognition sequence. Addition of either rifampin or ammonium led to a rapid decline in ntcA transcript levels with half-lives of less than 2 min in both cases. Nitrate-grown cells showed highntcA transcript levels, as well as the capacity for active nitrite uptake. However, ammonium-grown cells showed low levels of thentcA transcript and did not utilize nitrite. The addition of ammonium to nitrite uptake-active cells resulted in a gradual decline in the rate of uptake over a 24-h period. Active nitrite uptake was not induced in cells transferred to medium lacking a nitrogen source despite evidence of elevated expression of ntcA, indicating that ntcA expression is not sufficient for uptake capacity to develop. Nitrate and nitrite addition led to the development of nitrite uptake, whereas the addition of leucine did not. Furthermore, nitrite addition triggered the de novo protein synthesis required for uptake capacity to develop. These data suggest that nitrite and nitrate act as specific inducers for the synthesis of proteins required for nitrite uptake.
Social change and birth cohort increase in loneliness among Chinese older adults: a cross-temporal meta-analysis, 1995–2011

ABSTRACT Background: In China, rapid economic growth and increasing social problems constitute the two basic characteristics underlying contemporary social change. With dramatic social change, loneliness in older adults may have changed across birth cohorts, thus altering older adults’ mental health. The present study aims to identify birth cohort changes in Chinese older adults’ loneliness and the social indicators underlying these changes. Methods: Cross-temporal meta-analysis was utilized to investigate changes in Chinese older adults’ loneliness from 1995 to 2011. We analyzed 25 studies (N = 13,280 adults; age ≥ 60 years) employing the University of California at Los Angeles Loneliness Scale. We correlated loneliness scores with social indicators and matched these correlations for three periods: ten years before the data collection, five years before data collection, and during the year of data collection. Results: Loneliness levels in Chinese older adults have increased by 1.02 standard deviations from 1995 to 2011. Social indicators such as increased urbanization level, personal medical expenditure, divorce rate, the Gini coefficient, and unemployment rate significantly predicted loneliness in Chinese older adults. Decrease in social connectedness and increase in levels of health threat may be responsible for the observed increase in levels of loneliness. Conclusions: Cross-temporal meta-analysis revealed a birth cohort increase in loneliness among Chinese older adults. We conclude that changes in social connectedness and levels of health threat likely play an important role in predicting loneliness in the population of Chinese elderly adults.
Prevalence, Antibiogram and Molecular Characterization of Comunity-Acquired Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus in AWKA, Anambra Nigeria

Objectives: This study evaluated the prevalence, antibiogram and molecular features of CA-MRSA in Awka, Nigeria. Methods: Confirmation of MRSA was done by testing resistance to oxacillin (1µg), cloxacillin (5µg) and cefoxitin (30µg) on sterile Mueller Hinton agar supplemented with 4% sodium chloride. The MRSA strains were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing using Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Minimum inhibitory concentration was determined using agar dilution method. Penicillin binding protein 2a was detected through rapid latex agglutination assay while mecA gene was detected by polymerase chain reaction. A total of 142 S. aureus isolates were obtained from 261 samples sourced from Staff, students and fomites of the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Result: The overall prevalence of MRSA was 22.6%. The carriage rate was higher in females (56.5%) than male (43.5%) and was highest in individuals of 20-30 years of age (57.65%). The MIC of the oxacillin sodium salt ranged from 4-32 μg/ml. The multi-antibiotic resistance indices show that 53.4% had Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Indexing (MARI) higher than 0.2. Penicillin binding protein 2a was detected in 8.4% of MRSA isolates, all from nasal carriage while mecA gene was detected in 5 of isolates. Conclusion: This study showed a very high prevalence of MRSA carriage among studied subjects.
Occupational exposures to hand-arm vibration, whole-body vibration, and noise among crane operators in construction: a pilot study.

H and arm vibration syndrome (HAVS) is associated with vibrating tools. Construction workers have been reported to be at risk of developing HAVS as a result of their work,(1–4) with whole-body and segmental vibration identified as the most important physical hazards. (5–7) While whole-body vibration has been studied in heavy equipment operators,(8–12) to the best of our knowledge there have been no published studies of hand-arm vibration exposures in construction cranes. Studies in construction industry in Ontario, Canada, reported that some equipment subjected heavy equipment operators to excessive levels of whole-body vibration. (13,14) A study in Quebec, Canada, found that crawler crane operators in non-insulated cabs were exposed to noise levels well above 90 dBA, while rubber tire-mounted cranes and insulated cab cranes produced lower levels of noise exposure. (15) In the present pilot study, potential exposure to hand-arm vibration, whole-body vibration, and noise were assessed in mobile construction cranes. This was part of an investigation involving a case of a crane operator who reported HAVS-like symptoms after operating a variety of cranes for many years. The specific objectives of this pilot study were to: (1) measure hand-arm vibration, whole-body vibration, and noise exposure levels in various types of cranes; (2) compare differences between older and newer types of cranes; and (3) identify potential factors affecting exposure.
Obstetric and neonatal outcome after single embryo transfer.

BACKGROUND Single embryo transfer (SET) pregnancies practically lack vanishing twins and may be associated with improved neonatal outcome. Our objective was to compare the obstetric and neonatal outcome of SET singletons with the outcome of singletons following double embryo transfer (DET) and spontaneous conception. METHODS A 7-year (1997-2003) cohort of fresh SET (n = 269) and DET (n = 230, including 25 vanishing twins) cycles resulting in singleton birth at Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland, was linked to the Finnish Medical Birth Register and the obstetric and neonatal outcome data compared with that from 15 037 spontaneously conceived singleton pregnancies. RESULTS The obstetric and neonatal outcome of the SET group was comparable to that in the DET group. Compared with the comparison cohort, gestational hypertension (P = 0.005), placenta praevia (P < 0.001), preterm contractions (P = 0.01) and maternal hospitalization (P < 0.001) was more typical of women in the SET group. After adjusting for age, parity and socio-economic status the SET pregnancies showed increased risks of Caesarean section [odds ratio (OR) 1.54 with 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.18-2.00], preterm birth (OR 2.85; 95% CI 1.96-4.16) and low birthweight (OR 2.01; 95% CI 1.19-3.99) compared with the comparison cohort. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that subject- and infertility-related mechanisms other than the number of transferred embryos influence the neonatal outcome of singleton IVF pregnancies.
Efficacy and safety of entecavir treatment in a heterogeneous CHB population from a ‘real‐world’ clinical practice setting in China

Chronic hepatitis B infection is an important cause of liver‐related mortality in China. This study assessed the efficacy and safety of entecavir in a heterogeneous patient population from a ‘real‐world’ clinical practice setting in China. This prospective, observational cohort provides 48‐week data on 2600 patients from 50 sites in China who received entecavir (0.5 or 1.0 mg) and were assessed for virologic, serologic and biochemical responses. Patients were nucleos(t)ide‐naïve or ‐experienced and had compensated or decompensated liver function. At Week 48, 1545/2424 (64%) patients with compensated liver disease and 30/44 (68%) patients with decompensated liver disease achieved HBV DNA <50 IU/mL. Greater proportions of nucleos(t)ide‐naïve than nucleos(t)ide‐experienced (69% vs 53%), and adefovir‐experienced than lamivudine/telbivudine‐experienced (62% vs 52%) patients achieved this endpoint. Most patients with HBV DNA <50 IU/mL also achieved HBV DNA <12 IU/L (60%, 45% and 61% of nucleos(t)ide‐naïve, nucleos(t)ide‐experienced and decompensated patients, respectively). In patients with compensated liver disease, ALT values normalized in 1532/1792 patients (85%), and HBeAg loss and HBeAg seroconversion were observed in 17% and 15% of treatment‐naïve and 15% and 11% of treatment‐experienced patients. Entecavir was generally well tolerated. Adverse event rates were comparable between treatment‐naïve and treatment‐experienced patients with compensated liver disease, but were higher in decompensated than in compensated patients, consistent with previous reports in these patients with more advanced disease. Four patients discontinued treatment due to adverse events. In a ‘real‐world’ setting, entecavir was efficacious and well tolerated throughout 48 weeks in a heterogeneous Chinese CHB population.
A Single Amino Acid Substitution in the Group 1 Trypanosoma brucei gambiense Haptoglobin-Hemoglobin Receptor Abolishes TLF-1 Binding

Critical to human innate immunity against African trypanosomes is a minor subclass of human high-density lipoproteins, termed Trypanosome Lytic Factor-1 (TLF-1). This primate-specific molecule binds to a haptoglobin-hemoglobin receptor (HpHbR) on the surface of susceptible trypanosomes, initiating a lytic pathway. Group 1 Trypanosoma brucei gambiense causes human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT), escaping TLF-1 killing due to reduced uptake. Previously, we found that group 1 T. b. gambiense HpHbR (TbgHpHbR) mRNA levels were greatly reduced and the gene contained substitutions within the open reading frame. Here we show that a single, highly conserved amino acid in the TbgHpHbR ablates high affinity TLF-1 binding and subsequent endocytosis, thus evading TLF-1 killing. In addition, we show that over-expression of TbgHpHbR failed to rescue TLF-1 susceptibility. These findings suggest that the single substitution present in the TbgHpHbR directly contributes to the reduced uptake and resistance to TLF-1 seen in these important human pathogens.
Noise Reduction in Class-AB Microwave-Photonic Links

A Class-AB microwave-photonic link is presented as a means to reduce noise associated with DC-bias. By operating with two complementary, approximately half-wave-rectified, optical sources and generating the difference in a balanced detector, linear modulation with high modulation efficiency is achieved with near zero DC. Using two mode-converter intensity modulators, we demonstrate a 5 dB reduction in shot noise and elimination of intensity noise, relative to a quadrature-biased Mach-Zehnder, for the same received RF signal power.
Coupled cluster method in Hamiltonian lattice field theory: SU ( 2 ) glueballs

The glueball spectrum within the Hamiltonian formulation of lattice gauge theory (without fermions) is calculated for the gauge group $\mathrm{SU}(2)$ and for two spatial dimensions. The Hilbert space of gauge-invariant functions of the gauge field is generated by its parallel transporters on closed paths along the links of the spatial lattice. The coupled cluster method is used to determine the spectrum of the Kogut-Susskind Hamiltonian in a truncated basis. The quality of the description is studied by computing results from various truncations, lattice regularizations, and with an improved Hamiltonian. We find consistency for the mass ratio predictions within a scaling region where we obtain good agreement with standard lattice Monte Carlo results.
Multilevel Algorithms for Multi-Constraint Hypergraph Partitioning

Abstract : Traditional hypergraph partitioning algorithms compute a bisection of a graph such that the number of hyperedges that are cut by the partitioning is minimized and each partition has an equal number of vertices. The task of minimizing the cut can be considered as the objective, and the requirement that the partitions will be of the same size can be considered as the constraint. In this paper, the author extends the partitioning problem by incorporating an arbitrary number of balancing constraints. In this formulation, a vector of weights is assigned to each vertex, and the goal is to produce a bisection such that the partitioning satisfies a balancing constraint associated with each weight, while attempting to minimize the cut. The author presents new multi-constraint hypergraph partitioning algorithms that are based on the multilevel partitioning paradigm. He experimentally evaluates the effectiveness of the multi-constraint partitioners on a variety of synthetically generated problems.
Verbal Interaction and Development in Families with Adolescents. Advances in Applied Developmental Psychology, Volume 15.

Preface by Irving E. Sigel Interaction and Development in Families with Adolescents, Manfred Hofer, James Youniss, and Peter Noack Can Mothers Win? The Transformation of Mother-Daughter Relationships in Late Childhood, Lothar Krappmann, Hans Oswald, Beate Schuster, and James Youniss Experiments with the Role-Playing Method in the Study of Interactive Behavior, Heike M. Buhl and Manfred Hofer Relationship and Family Discourse in Different Situations, Manfred Hofer and Kai Sassenberg Continuity and Change in Family Interactions Across Adolescence, Peter Noack and Baerbel Kracke Talk to Mom and Dad and Listen What Is in Between A Differential Approach to Family Communication and Its Impact on Adolescent Development, Kurt Kreppner and Manuela Ullrich Family Interaction as a Context for the Development of Adolescent Autonomy, Marc Noom and Maja Dekovic Family Interaction and Psychosocial Adjustment of Adopted and Nonadopted Adolescents, Elke Wild The Meaning of Parent-Adolescent Interactions for Structuring Relationships and Society, Jeffrey McLellan and Miranda Yates Author Index Subject Index
Some future trends and implications for systems and software engineering processes

In response to the increasing criticality of software within systems and the increasing demands being put onto 21st century systems, systems and software engineering processes will evolve significantly over the next two decades. This paper identifies eight relatively surprise‐free trends—the increasing interaction of software engineering and systems engineering; increased emphasis on users and end value; increased emphasis on systems and software dependability; increasingly rapid change; increasing global connectivity and need for systems to interoperate; increasingly complex systems of systems; increasing needs for COTS, reuse, and legacy systems and software integration; and computational plenty. It also identifies two “wild card” trends: increasing software autonomy and combinations of biology and computing. It then discusses the likely influences of these trends on systems and software engineering processes between now and 2025, and presents an emerging scalable spiral process model for coping with the resulting challenges and opportunities of developing 21st century software‐intensive systems and systems of systems. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Syst Eng 9: 1–19, 2006
Robust Fuzzy Observer-Based Fuzzy Control Design for Nonlinear Discrete-Time Systems With Persistent Bounded Disturbances

To date, nonlinear l infin- gain control problems have not been solved by the conventional control methods for nonlinear discrete-time systems with persistent bounded disturbances. This study introduces fuzzy observer-based fuzzy control design, where the premise variables depend on the state variables estimated by a fuzzy observer, to deal with the nonlinear l infin-gain control problem. The fuzzy control design for this case is more flexible but much more complex than that for the case where the premise variables depend on the state variables. First, the Takagi-Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model is employed to represent the nonlinear discrete-time system. Next, based on the fuzzy model, a fuzzy observer-based fuzzy controller is developed to minimize the upper bound of l infin-gain of the closed-loop system under some nonlinear matrix inequality (non-LMI) constraints. A novel decoupled method is proposed in this study to transform the non-LMI conditions into some linear matrix inequality (LMI) forms. By the proposed decoupled method and the genetic algorithm, the l infin-gain fuzzy observer-based fuzzy control problem for the nonlinear discrete-time systems can be easily solved by an LMI-based optimization method. The proposed methods, which efficiently attenuate the peak of perturbation due to persistent bounded disturbances, extend the l infin-gain control problems from linear discrete-time systems to nonlinear discrete-time systems. A simulation example is given to illustrate the design procedures and to confirm the l infin-gain performance of the proposed method.