Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
“The Godfather” vs. “Chaos”: Comparing Linguistic Analysis Based on On-line Knowledge Sources and Bags-of-N-Grams for Movie Review Valence Estimation

In the fields of sentiment and emotion recognition, bag of words modeling has lately become popular for the estimation of valence in text. A typical application is the evaluation of reviews of e. g. movies, music, or games. In this respect we suggest the use of back-off N-Grams as basis for a vector space construction in order to combine advantages of word-order modeling and easy integration into potential acoustic feature vectors intended for spoken document retrieval. For a fine granular estimate we consider data-driven regression next to classification based on Support Vector Machines. Alternatively the on-line knowledge sources ConceptNet, General Inquirer, and WordNet not only serve to reduce out-of-vocabulary events, but also as basis for a purely linguistic analysis. As special benefit, this approach does not demand labeled training data. A large set of 100 k movie reviews of 20 years stemming from Metacritic is utilized throughout extensive parameter discussion and comparative evaluation effectively demonstrating efficiency of the proposed methods.
Association between daily activities, process skills, and motor skills in community-dwelling patients after left hemiparetic stroke

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationships between daily activities, information processing, and motor skills in individuals with hemineglect after having a left hemiparetic stroke. [Subjects and Methods] The instrumental activities of daily living of 35 patients (22 male and 13 female; age: 57.1 ± 16.9 years) with hemineglect after having a left hemiparetic stroke were assessed by using three clinical measurement tools, including activity card sorting, assessment of motor and process skills, and the modified Barthel Index. [Results] The results of the regression analysis indicated that the patients’ processing skills in instrumental activities of daily living after having a left hemiparetic stroke were reduced. Participation in leisure and social activities was also affected as assessed by using the modified Barthel Index. [Conclusion] This study supports the clinical need for rehabilitation intervention after a left hemiparetic stroke to improve patients’ processing skills and independence in performing activities of daily living.
Biogeographical distribution of bacterial communities in Changbai Mountain, Northeast China

The broad‐leaved and Korean pine mixed forest in Changbai Mountain, China is an important component of boreal forest; the area is sensitive to global climate change. To understand spatial distribution patterns of soil bacterial community along elevation, we analyzed the soil bacterial community diversity and composition along an elevational gradient of 699–1177 m in a primitive Korean pine forest in Changbai Mountain using the high‐throughput sequencing. In total, 149,519 optimized sequences were obtained. Bacterial Shannon index increased along elevation from 699 m to 937 m and started to decrease at the elevation of 1,044 m, showing a humpback curve along elevation. Evenness (ACE index) and richness (Chao index) of the soil bacterial community both decreased with elevation (the highest values of 770 and 762 at 699 m and the lowest values of 548 and 539 at 1,177 m, respectively), all the indices are significantly different between elevations. Bacterial composition at phylum and genus levels had some differences between elevations, but the dominant bacterial populations were generally consistent. Beta‐diversity analysis showed a distance‐decay pattern of bacterial community similarity at different samples. Soil physical and chemical properties explained 70.78% of the variation in bacterial community structure (soil pH explained 19.95%), and elevational distance only explained 8.42%. In conclusion, the contemporary environmental disturbances are the critical factors in maintaining the bacterial spatial distribution compared with historical contingencies.
2 Free Hamiltonian on the Poincaré disk 2 .

We consider formal quantum Hamiltonian of a charged particle on the Poincaré disk in the presence of an Aharonov-Bohm magnetic vortex and a uniform magnetic field. It is shown that this Hamiltonian admits a four-parameter family of self-adjoint extensions. Its resolvent and the density of states are calculated for natural values of the extension parameters.
Painting and rendering textures on unparameterized models

This paper presents a solution for texture mapping unparameterized models. The quality of a texture on a model is often limited by the model's parameterization into a 2D texture space. For models with complex topologies or complex distributions of structural detail, finding this parameterization can be very difficult and usually must be performed manually through a slow iterative process between the modeler and texture painter. This is especially true of models which carry no natural parameterizations, such as subdivision surfaces or models acquired from 3D scanners. Instead, we remove the 2D parameterization and store the texture in 3D space as a sparse, adaptive octree. Because no parameterization is necessary, textures can be painted on any surface that can be rendered. No mappings between disparate topologies are used, so texture artifacts such as seams and stretching do not exist. Because this method is adaptive, detail is created in the map only where required by the texture painter, conserving memory usage.
Metaproteomics reveals functional differences in intestinal microbiota development of preterm infants*

Objective: Development of the gastrointestinal tract and immune system can be modulated by the gut microbiota. Establishment of the intestinal microbiota, in its turn, is affected by host and environmental factors. As such, development of the gut microbiota is greatly impacted in preterm infants, who have an immature gut and are exposed to factors like hospitalization, caesarean section, antibiotics, and respiratory support. Design: We analyzed fecal microbiota composition and activity of ten preterm infants (gestational age 25–30 weeks; birthweight 630–1750 g) during the first six postnatal weeks through metaproteomics (LC-MS/MS) and 16S-rRNA gene sequencing. Results: A gestational-age-dependent microbial signature is observed, enabling microbiota-based differentiation between extremely preterm (25–27 weeks gestation) and very preterm (30 weeks gestation) infants. In very preterm infants, the intestinal microbiota developed toward a Bifidobacterium-dominated community and was associated with high abundance of proteins involved in carbohydrate and energy metabolism. Extremely preterm infants remained predominantly colonized by facultative anaerobes and were associated with proteins involved in membrane transport and translation. Delayed colonization by obligate anaerobes could be associated with antibiotic treatment and respiratory support. Conclusion: We speculate that gestational age and its associated intensity of care (e.g. antibiotics and respiratory support) affects intestinal microbiota composition and activity in preterm infants. As the gut microbiota plays a major role in development of the neonate, gestational age and its associated factors could set the stage for early and later life health complications via interference with microbiota development.
The Vacuole System Is a Significant Intracellular Pathway for Longitudinal Solute Transport in Basidiomycete Fungi

ABSTRACT Mycelial fungi have a growth form which is unique among multicellular organisms. The data presented here suggest that they have developed a unique solution to internal solute translocation involving a complex, extended vacuole. In all filamentous fungi examined, this extended vacuole forms an interconnected network, dynamically linked by tubules, which has been hypothesized to act as an internal distribution system. We have tested this hypothesis directly by quantifying solute movement within the organelle by photobleaching a fluorescent vacuolar marker. Predictive simulation models were then used to determine the transport characteristics over extended length scales. This modeling showed that the vacuolar organelle forms a functionally important, bidirectional diffusive transport pathway over distances of millimeters to centimeters. Flux through the pathway is regulated by the dynamic tubular connections involving homotypic fusion and fission. There is also a strongly predicted interaction among vacuolar organization, predicted diffusion transport distances, and the architecture of the branching colony margin.
Online Decision Making under Stochastic Constraints

This paper proposes a novel algorithm for solving discrete online learning problems under stochastic constraints, where the leaner aims to maximize the cumulative reward given that some additional constraints on the sequence of decisions need to be satisfied on average. We propose Lagrangian exponentially weighted average (LEWA) algorithm, which is a primal-dual variant of the well known exponentially weighted average algorithm, and inspired by the theory of Lagrangian method in constrained optimization. We establish expected and high probability bounds on the regret and the violation of the constraint in full information and bandit feedback models for LEWA algorithm.
Effects of steroid treatment on lung CC chemokines, apoptosis and transepithelial cell clearance during development and resolution of allergic airway inflammation

Background Steroid treatment of allergic eosinophilic airway diseases is considered to attenuate cell recruitment by inhibiting several chemokines and to cause eosinophil clearance through inducement of apoptosis of these cells. However, roles of these mechanisms in the actions of steroids in vivo have not been fully established. Also, as regards clearance of tissue eosinophils other mechanisms than apoptosis may operate in vivo.
Trend Inflation and the Unemployment Volatility Puzzle

I show that the combination of small positive trend inflation with staggered prices may account for the large relative volatilities found in US labor market data. The model does not have any wage rigidity and is hit only by an aggregate technology shock. The calibration procedure uses standard parameter values. Controlling for the sample average of the CPI inflation rate and the degree of price stickiness, the model solves the Shimer (2005) puzzle and explains the volatilities observed during two important sample periods: full sample (1951-2005) and Great Moderation (1985-2005).
ZNF804A Transcriptional Networks in Differentiating Neurons Derived from Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells of Human Origin

ZNF804A (Zinc Finger Protein 804A) has been identified as a candidate gene for schizophrenia (SZ), autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and bipolar disorder (BD) in replicated genome wide association studies (GWAS) and by copy number variation (CNV) analysis. Although its function has not been well-characterized, ZNF804A contains a C2H2-type zinc-finger domain, suggesting that it has DNA binding properties, and consequently, a role in regulating gene expression. To further explore the role of ZNF804A on gene expression and its downstream targets, we used a gene knockdown (KD) approach to reduce its expression in neural progenitor cells (NPCs) derived from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). KD was accomplished by RNA interference (RNAi) using lentiviral particles containing shRNAs that target ZNF804A mRNA. Stable transduced NPC lines were generated after puromycin selection. A control cell line expressing a random (scrambled) shRNA was also generated. Neuronal differentiation was induced, RNA was harvested after 14 days and transcriptome analysis was carried out using RNA-seq. 1815 genes were found to be differentially expressed at a nominally significant level (p<0.05); 809 decreased in expression in the KD samples, while 1106 increased. Of these, 370 achieved genome wide significance (FDR<0.05); 125 were lower in the KD samples, 245 were higher. Pathway analysis showed that genes involved in interferon-signaling were enriched among those that were down-regulated in the KD samples. Correspondingly, ZNF804A KD was found to affect interferon-alpha 2 (IFNA2)-mediated gene expression. The findings suggest that ZNF804A may affect a differentiating neuron’s response to inflammatory cytokines, which is consistent with models of SZ and ASD that support a role for infectious disease, and/or autoimmunity in a subgroup of patients.
Null Melvin Twist to Sakai-Sugimoto model

The Null Melvin Twist to D4 brane background has been studied and putting in a bunch of coincident D8 and anti-D8 branes {\it a la} Sakai-Sugimoto model results in a breakdown of a global symmetry to its diagonal subgroup. The same is studied at finite temperature which results in the unchanged form of the chiral symmetry breaking and restoration curve. The effect of turning on a finite chemical potential do not changes the structure of the phase diagram with respect to Null Melvin Twist. Moreover, the confining and de-confining phase transition has the same structure as in the absence of Null Melvin Twist.
Analyzing Complex Network User Arrival Patterns and Their Effect on Network Topologies

Complex networks have non-trivial characteristics and appear in many real-world systems. Due to their vital importance in a large number of research fields, various studies have offered explanations on how complex networks evolve, but the full underlying dynamics of complex networks are not completely understood. Many of the barriers to better understanding the evolution process of these networks can be removed with the emergence of new data sources. This study utilizes the recently published Reddit dataset, containing over 1.65 billion comments, to construct the largest publicly available social network corpus, which contains detailed information on the evolution process of 11,965 social networks. We used this dataset to study the effect of the patterns in which new users join a network (referred to as user arrival curves, or UACs) on the network topology. Our results present evidence that UACs are a central factor in molding a network's topology; that is, different arrival patterns create different topological properties. Additionally, we show that it is possible to uncover the types of user arrival patterns by analyzing a social network's topology. These results imply that existing complex network evolution models need to be revisited and modified to include user arrival patterns as input to the models, in order to create models that more accurately reflect real-world complex networks.
Understanding Workers, Developing Effective Tasks, and Enhancing Marketplace Dynamics: A Study of a Large Crowdsourcing Marketplace

We conduct an experimental analysis of a dataset comprising over 27 million microtasks performed by over 70,000 workers issued to a large crowdsourcing marketplace between 2012--2016. Using this data---never before analyzed in an academic context---we shed light on three crucial aspects of crowdsourcing: (1) Task design---helping requesters understand what constitutes an effective task, and how to go about designing one; (2) Marketplace dynamics --- helping marketplace administrators and designers understand the interaction between tasks and workers, and the corresponding marketplace load; and (3) Worker behavior --- understanding worker attention spans, lifetimes, and general behavior, for the improvement of the crowdsourcing ecosystem as a whole.
Assessing the effect of HIV counselling and testing on HIV acquisition among South African youth

Objective:Youth aged 15–24 years in sub-Saharan Africa are at a high risk for HIV acquisition and urgently need HIV prevention interventions. HIV counselling and testing (HCT) is designed to promote HIV prevention. However the impact of HCT on HIV acquisition has never been assessed among youth. We assess the impact of HCT on HIV acquisition among South African youth. Design:Data came from an annual HIV survey for persons aged 15 years and over, nested within a socio-demographic household surveillance in a geographically defined area of KwaZulu-Natal. Within this population, we used data from 2006 to 2011 to construct a cohort of HIV-uninfected youth aged 15–24 years. Methods:We compared youth who reported knowing their HIV status from HCT with those who reported not knowing their HIV status for time to HIV seroconversion using time-varying marginal structural Cox proportional hazards models. Results:The cohort included 3959 HIV-uninfected youth, of whom 1167 (29%) reported HCT at baseline and an additional 1064 (27%) reported HCT during follow up. Youth experienced 248 seroconversions over 8536 person-years, an incidence rate of 2.91 per 100 person-years [95% confidence interval (CI) 2.56–3.28]. In crude analysis, HCT was not associated with HIV incidence (hazard ratio 1.02, 95% CI 0.79–1.31], but in marginal structural models weighted for risk factors, HCT was protective (hazard ratio 0.59, 95% CI 0.45–0.78). Conclusion:In this high-risk population, after accounting for differences in underlying HIV acquisition risk, HCT was associated with lower HIV incidence. HCT scale-up may have prevention benefits for HIV-uninfected youth.
What Triggers Sharing in Viral Marketing? The Role of Emotion and Social Feature

Viral marketing has attracted attention from both academics and practitioners. With the rise of user-generated content (UGC) and broadcasting networks, viral online video advertising campaigns (viral advertising in short) are an emerging trend in viral marketing. Previous literature mainly studied the influence of network structure on viral advertising. Here, we extend such works by decomposing the diffusion network into individual sharing behavior. We based our work on theories of emotion and social networks by proposing a framework that specifies the role of emotion and social feature on individuals’ sharing of online video advertisements in viral marketing campaigns. The framework will be tested using real-world data extracted from online broadcasting networks in the future work.
Selective cysteine modification of metal‐free human metallothionein 1a and its isolated domain fragments: Solution structural properties revealed via ESI‐MS

Human metallothionein 1a, a protein with two cysteine‐rich metal‐binding domains (α with 11 Cys and β with 9), was analyzed in its metal‐free form by selective, covalent Cys modification coupled with ESI‐MS. The modification profiles of the isolated β‐ and α‐fragments reacted with p‐benzoquinone (Bq), N‐ethylmalemide (NEM) and iodoacetamide (IAM) were compared with the full length protein using ESI‐mass spectral data to follow the reaction pathway. Under denaturing conditions at low pH, the reaction profile with each modifier followed pathways that resulted in stochastic, Normal distributions of species whose maxima was equal to the mol. eq. of modifier added. Our interpretation of modification at this pH is that reaction with the cysteines is unimpeded when the full protein or those of its isolated domains are denatured. At neutral pH, where the protein is expected to be folded in a more compact structure, there is a difference in the larger Bq and NEM modification, whose reaction profiles indicate a cooperative pattern. The reaction profile with IAM under native conditions follows a similar stochastic distribution as at low pH, suggesting that this modifier is small enough to access the cysteines unimpeded by the compact structure. The data emphasize the utility of residue modification coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for the study of protein structure.
Effects of microamperage, medium, and bacterial concentration on iontophoretic killing of bacteria in fluid

Prevention of nosocomial urinary tract infections by iontophoresis is addressed. An iontophoretic generator was used to provide microamperage (10 to 400 microA) to vials containing either synthetic urine or supplemented synthetic urine. Bacteria were added to vials, and parameters of growth, bacterial killing, and multiple electrode materials were examined. Escherichia coli and Proteus species were both inhibited and killed at various microamperages and with several electrode types, the most efficient being gold-gold as the anode-cathode combination. Klebsiella pneumoniae in supplemented synthetic urine was least inhibited in growth, and higher microamperage (200 to 400 microA) was most effective in killing the bacteria. Bacterial growth reduction and killing were directly related to increasing microamperage and were inversely related to bacterial concentration.
The impact of prenatal maternal risk, fearless temperament and early parenting on adolescent callous-unemotional traits: a 14-year longitudinal investigation.

OBJECTIVE Proposals have been submitted to the DSM-V for the addition of a callous-unemotional (CU) specifier for conduct problem (CP) youth (CP/CU). While the addition of such a diagnostic category may aid in the identification of homogeneous CP subtypes, evidence on risks for the development of CP/CU remains limited. The present study sought to examine the extent to which CP/CU in early adolescence could be differentiated by family- and child-based risks from pregnancy to age 4 years. METHOD Using data from approximately 7,000 mothers and their offspring (51% male) participating in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, the authors examined maternal prenatal risks (psychopathology, criminality, substance use), child's fearless temperament (age 2 years) and harsh and warm parenting (age 4 years) as predictors of CP and CU at age 13; then used follow-back analyses to explore pre- and early post-natal risks in more detail. RESULTS Maternal prenatal risks increased fearless temperament and CP and CU. Fearless temperament was also prospectively associated with higher levels of early adolescent CP and CU, above and beyond parenting and prenatal maternal risks. Follow-back analyses showed fearless temperament in boys manifested as lower response to punishment cues, while for girls this temperament was indexed by boldness toward novel situations and strangers, particularly for CP/CU youth. CONCLUSIONS The current findings suggest that (i) maternal prenatal risks and fearless temperament showed a dose-response relationship with CP and CU (i.e., higher clustering of risks tended to relate to both higher levels and the co-occurrence of CU with CP), and (ii) intervention programs that aim to improve behavioural outcomes may consider targeting specific temperamental features in both boys and girls.