Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
A Mobile Outdoor Augmented Reality Method Combining Deep Learning Object Detection and Spatial Relationships for Geovisualization

The purpose of this study was to develop a robust, fast and markerless mobile augmented reality method for registration, geovisualization and interaction in uncontrolled outdoor environments. We propose a lightweight deep-learning-based object detection approach for mobile or embedded devices; the vision-based detection results of this approach are combined with spatial relationships by means of the host device’s built-in Global Positioning System receiver, Inertial Measurement Unit and magnetometer. Virtual objects generated based on geospatial information are precisely registered in the real world, and an interaction method based on touch gestures is implemented. The entire method is independent of the network to ensure robustness to poor signal conditions. A prototype system was developed and tested on the Wuhan University campus to evaluate the method and validate its results. The findings demonstrate that our method achieves a high detection accuracy, stable geovisualization results and interaction.
The Mechanism of Expansion and the Volatility it created in Three Pheromone Gene Clusters in the Mouse (Mus musculus) Genome

Three families of proteinaceous pheromones have been described in the house mouse: androgen-binding proteins (ABPs), exocrine gland–secreting peptides (ESPs), and major urinary proteins (MUPs), each of which is thought to communicate different information. All three are encoded by large gene clusters in different regions of the mouse genome, clusters that have expanded dramatically during mouse evolutionary history. We report copy number variation among the most recently duplicated Abp genes, which suggests substantial volatility in this gene region. It appears that groups of these genes behave as low copy repeats (LCRs), duplicating as relatively large blocks of genes by nonallelic homologous recombination. An analysis of gene conversion suggested that it did not contribute to the very low or absent divergence among the paralogs duplicated in this way. We evaluated the ESP and MUP gene regions for signs of the LCR pattern but could find no compelling evidence for duplication of gene blocks of any significant size. Assessment of the entire Abp gene region with the Mouse Paralogy Browser supported the conclusion that substantial volatility has occurred there. This was especially evident when comparing strains with all or part of the Mus musculus musculus or Mus musculus castaneus Abp region. No particularly remarkable volatility was observed in the other two gene families, and we discuss the significance of this in light of the various roles proposed for the three families of mouse proteinaceous pheromones.
Cooperative Interactions of Oligosaccharide and Peptide Moieties of a Glycopeptide Derived from IgE with Galectin-9*

We previously showed that galectin-9 suppresses degranulation of mast cells through protein-glycan interaction with IgE. To elucidate the mechanism of the interaction in detail, we focused on identification and structural analysis of IgE glycans responsible for the galectin-9-induced suppression using mouse monoclonal IgE (TIB-141). TIB-141 in combination with the antigen induced degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells, which was almost completely inhibited by human and mouse galectin-9. Sequential digestion of TIB-141 with lysyl endopeptidase and trypsin resulted in the identification of a glycopeptide (H-Lys13-Try3; 48 amino acid residues) with a single N-linked oligosaccharide near the N terminus capable of neutralizing the effect of galectin-9 and another glycopeptide with two N-linked oligosaccharides (H-Lys13-Try1; 16 amino acid residues) having lower activity. Enzymatic elimination of the oligosaccharide chain from H-Lys13-Try3 and H-Lys13-Try1 completely abolished the activity. Removal of the C-terminal 38 amino acid residues of H-Lys13-Try3 with glutamyl endopeptidase, however, also resulted in loss of the activity. We determined the structures of N-linked oligosaccharides of H-Lys13-Try1. The galectin-9-binding fraction of pyridylaminated oligosaccharides contained asialo- and monosialylated bi/tri-antennary complex type oligosaccharides with a core fucose residue. The structures of the oligosaccharides were consistent with the sugar-binding specificity of galectin-9, whereas the nonbinding fraction contained monosialylated and disialylated biantennary complex type oligosaccharides with a core fucose residue. Although the oligosaccharides linked to H-Lys13-Try3 could not be fully characterized, these results indicate the possibility that cooperative binding of oligosaccharide and neighboring polypeptide structures of TIB-141 to galectin-9 affects the overall affinity and specificity of the IgE-lectin interaction.
Leptomeningeal contrast enhancement is associated with progression of cortical atrophy in MS: A retrospective, pilot, observational longitudinal study

Background: Leptomeningeal contrast enhancement (LM CE) has been recently described in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients as a potential in vivo marker of cortical pathology. Objectives: To investigate the association of LM CE and development of cortical atrophy in 50 MS patients (27 relapsing-remitting (RR) and 23 secondary-progressive (SP)) followed for 5 years. Methods: The presence and number of LM CE foci were assessed only at the 5-year follow-up using three-dimensional (3D) fluid-attenuated inversion recovery magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence obtained 10 minutes after single dose of gadolinium injection on 3T scanner. The percentage change in whole brain, cortical and deep gray matter (GM) volumes, and lesion volume (LV) was measured between baseline and the 5-year follow-up. Results: In total, 25 (50%) of MS patients had LM CE at the 5-year follow-up. Significantly more SPMS patients (12, 85.7%) had multiple LM CE foci, compared to those with RRMS (2, 18.2%) (p = 0.001). MS patients with LM CE showed significantly greater percentage decrease in total GM (−3.6% vs −2%, d = 0.80, p = 0.006) and cortical (−3.4% vs −1.8%, d = 0.84, p = 0.007) volumes and greater percentage increase in ventricular cerebrospinal fluid (vCSF) volume (22.8% vs 9.9%, d = 0.90, p = 0.003) over the follow-up, compared to those without. Conclusion: In this retrospective, pilot, observational longitudinal study, the presence of LM CE was associated with progression of cortical atrophy over 5 years.
Unexpected male choosiness for mates in a spider

Sexual selection theory traditionally considers choosiness for mates to be negatively related to intra-sexual competition. Males were classically considered to be the competing, but not the choosy, sex. However, evidence of male choosiness is now accumulating. Male choosiness is expected to increase with an individual's competitive ability, and to decrease as intra-sexual competition increases. However, such predictions have never been tested in field conditions. Here, we explore male mate choice in a spider by studying size-assortative pairing in two natural sites that strongly differ in the level of male–male competition. Unexpectedly, our results demonstrate that mate choice shifts from opportunism to high selectivity as competition between males increases. Males experiencing weak competition did not exhibit size-related mating preferences. By contrast, when competition was intense we found strong size-assortative pairing due to male choice: while larger, more competitive males preferentially paired with larger, more fecund females, smaller males chose smaller females. Thus, we show that mating preferences of males vary with their competitive ability. The distinct preferences exhibited by males of different sizes seem to be an adaptive response to the lower reproductive opportunities arising from increased competition between males.
RNA-Seq Based Transcriptome Analysis of the Type I Interferon Host Response upon Vaccinia Virus Infection of Mouse Cells

Vaccinia virus (VACV) encodes the soluble type I interferon (IFN) binding protein B18 that is secreted from infected cells and also attaches to the cell surface, as an immunomodulatory strategy to inhibit the host IFN response. By using next generation sequencing technologies, we performed a detailed RNA-seq study to dissect at the transcriptional level the modulation of the IFN based host response by VACV and B18. Transcriptome profiling of L929 cells after incubation with purified recombinant B18 protein showed that attachment of B18 to the cell surface does not trigger cell signalling leading to transcriptional activation. Consistent with its ability to bind type I IFN, B18 completely inhibited the IFN-mediated modulation of host gene expression. Addition of UV-inactivated virus particles to cell cultures altered the expression of a set of 53 cellular genes, including genes involved in innate immunity. Differential gene expression analyses of cells infected with replication competent VACV identified the activation of a broad range of host genes involved in multiple cellular pathways. Interestingly, we did not detect an IFN-mediated response among the transcriptional changes induced by VACV, even after the addition of IFN to cells infected with a mutant VACV lacking B18. This is consistent with additional viral mechanisms acting at different levels to block IFN responses during VACV infection.
Thermal-Safe Test Scheduling for Core-Based System-on-Chip Integrated Circuits

Overheating has been acknowledged as a major problem during the testing of complex system-on-chip integrated circuits. Several power-constrained test-scheduling solutions have been recently proposed to tackle this problem during system integration. However, we show that these approaches cannot guarantee hot-spot-free test schedules because they do not take into account the nonuniform distribution of heat dissipation across the die and the physical adjacency of simultaneously active cores. This paper proposes a new test-scheduling approach that is able to produce short test schedules and guarantee thermal safety at the same time. Two thermal-safe test-scheduling algorithms are proposed. The first algorithm computes an exact (shortest) test schedule that is guaranteed to satisfy a given maximum temperature constraint. The second algorithm is a heuristic intended for complex systems with a large number of embedded cores, for which the exact thermal-safe test-scheduling algorithm may not be feasible. Based on a low-complexity test-session thermal-cost model, this algorithm produces near-optimal length test schedules with significantly less computational effort compared to the optimal algorithm
MONA Implementation Secrets

The MONA tool provides an implementation of the decision procedures for the logics WS1S and WS2S. It has been used for numerous applications, and it is remarkably efficient in practice, even though it faces a theoretically non-elementary worst-case complexity. The implementation has matured over a period of six years. Compared to the first naive version, the present tool is faster by several orders of magnitude. This speedup is obtained from many different contributions working on all levels of the compilation and execution of formulas. We present a selection of implementation "secrets" that have been discovered and tested over the years, including formula reductions, DAGification, guided tree automata, three-valued logic, eager minimization, BDD-based automata representations, and cache-conscious data structures. We describe these techniques and quantify their respective effects by experimenting with separate versions of the MONA tool that in turn omit each of them.
Studies on cultivation possibilities of summer truffle ( Tuber aestivum Vittad . ) and smooth black truffle ( Tuber macrosporum Vittad . ) in Hungary

s Szeglet P., Gógán A. , Szabó I. (2004) Ültetvényes gombatermesztés a vidékfejlesztés ígéretes eszköze, XLVI. Georgikon Napok, Keszthely, 2004. szeptember 16-17.ISBN 963 9096 92 Gógán, A. , Dimény J., Bujáki G. (2004) A fenntartható tájhasználat új lehetősége Magyarországon: a szarvasgomba termesztés, előadás az I. Magyar Tájökológiai Konferencián, Szirák, 2004.szeptember 17-19. p. 26. Gógán, A. , Bratek, Z. , Dimény, J., Bujáki G. (2005) Notes to the ecophysiology of some important hypogeous fungi in the Carpatho-Pannon region, IV. International Workshop on Edible Mycorrhizal Mushrooms (IWEMM4), Spanyolország, Murcia, 2005. november 29-december 2.p. 63. Gógán, A. Bagi, I. Rudnóy, Sz. , Szegő, D. , Bratek Z. (2005) Some data to the knowledge of Chinese truffle’s (Tuber indicum) taxonomy and habitat preference in Yunnan Province, IV. International Workshop on Edible Mycorrhizal Mushrooms (IWEMM4), Spanyolország, Murcia, 2005. november 29-december 2. p. 64. Gógán, A. (2005) Truffle cultivation in Hungary – past, present and future, Hagyományos Agrárökoszisztémák Konferencia, Szlovákia, Nyitra, 2005.szeptember 21. p. 31.
No evidence for a different accretion mode for all 3CR FR I radio galaxies

We have analysed the optical and radio properties of a sample of 3CR FR I radio galaxies which have Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging capable of detecting optical cores. The jet powers of the FR I radio galaxies are estimated from their low-frequency radio luminosities, and the optical core luminosity is taken as an upper limit on the emission from any unobscured accretion disc. We argue that if the accretion discs in these sources are assumed to be advection-dominated accretion flows (ADAFs), or adiabatic inflow-outflow solution (ADIOS) flows, then the Blandford-Znajek mechanism provides insufficient power to explain the high radio luminosities of at least a third, and perhaps all, of the sample. We suggest instead that a significant fraction (the 'high-jet-power' third), and perhaps most, of the 3CR FR I radio galaxies have normal accretion discs, but that their optical cores can be hidden, with any HST-detected optical synchrotron emission coming from jets on scales larger than the obscuring material. A normal accretion disc hypothesis, at least for the high-jet-power third of the 3CR FR Is, explains why narrow-line luminosity correlates with radio luminosity. It also explains why one object in the sample (3C 386) has an observed broad-line nucleus. We conclude that there is no evidence to suggest that there is a difference in accretion mode between FR I and FR II radio galaxies.
Adam10 is essential for early embryonic cardiovascular development

Notch pathway has been demonstrated to regulate cardiovascular development. One important step in Notch pathway is the cleavage of Notch receptor, during which an intracellular fragment of Notch protein is released to activate downstream genes. It is still uncertain whether Adam10, the mammalian homologue of Kuzbanian in Drosophila, is required to activate the Notch pathway during cardiovascular development. To further understand the physiological function of Adam10 in vascular and cardiac development, we generated mice lacking the Adam10 gene primarily in the endothelial compartment. We found that disruption of Adam10 in endothelial cells resulted in embryonic death after embryonic day 10.5 due to multiple cardiac and vascular defects similar to Notch1 mutants. We further showed that the expression of Notch target genes Snail and Bmp2 are impaired in Adam10‐deficient cardiac tissues. Finally, we provide experimental evidence to support that Adam10 functions in a cell autonomous manner during mammalian cardiac development. Developmental Dynamics 239:2594–2602, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Myocardial Strain by Doppler Echocardiography: Validation of a New Method to Quantify Regional Myocardial Function

BackgroundMyocardial strain is a measure of regional deformation, and by definition, negative strain means shortening and positive strain, elongation. This study investigates whether myocardial strain can be measured by Doppler echocardiography as the time integral of regional velocity gradients, using sonomicrometry as reference method. Methods and ResultsIn 13 anesthetized dogs, myocardial longitudinal strain was measured on apical images as the time integral of regional Doppler velocity gradients. Ultrasonic segment-length crystals were placed near the left ventricular (LV) apex and near the base. Apical ischemia was induced by occluding the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), and preload was increased by saline. Percentage systolic strain by Doppler correlated well with strain by sonomicrometry (y =0.82 x −1.79, r =0.92, P <0.01). During LAD occlusion, apical myocardium became dyskinetic, as indicated by positive strain values and negative Doppler velocities. At the LV base, myocardial strain by Doppler, strain by sonomicrometry, and velocity of shortening by sonomicrometry (dL/dt) were unchanged during apical ischemia. However, myocardial Doppler velocities at the base decreased from 4.2±0.7 (±SEM) to 2.7±0.4 cm/s (P <0.05), probably reflecting loss of motion caused by tethering to apical segments. Volume loading increased myocardial Doppler velocities from 2.2±0.3 to 4.1±0.8 cm/s (P <0.05) and Doppler-derived strain from −12±1% to −22±2% (P <0.05), whereas peak LV elastance remained unchanged. ConclusionsMyocardial strain by Doppler echocardiography may represent a new, powerful method for quantifying regional myocardial function and is less influenced by tethering effects than Doppler tissue imaging. Like myocardial Doppler velocities, strain is markedly load-dependent.
University of Birmingham Association of callous traits with reduced neural response to others’ pain in children with conduct problems

• Users may freely distribute the URL that is used to identify this publication. • Users may download and/or print one copy of the publication from the University of Birmingham research portal for the purpose of private study or non-commercial research. • User may use extracts from the document in line with the concept of ‘fair dealing’ under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 (? ) • Users may not further distribute the material nor use it for the purposes of commercial gain.
Isolation and characterization of measles virus intracellular nucleocapsid RNA

Protocols have been established for the preparation of large amounts of pure measles virus intracellular nucleocapsids. As a result, it has been possible to routinely achieve nucleocapsid RNA yields of approximately 200 micrograms (from approximately 5 X 10(8) infected cells). Electrophoretic analysis of this RNA under denaturing conditions revealed a single species whose mass was estimated at approximately 4.8 X 10(6) daltons. Electron microscopic assessment of nucleocapsid RNA contour lengths corroborated the electrophoretic size determination. Total nucleocapsid RNA was shown to contain both negative- and positive-stranded species distributed in a ratio of 2 to 3 genome polarity molecules for each antigenome RNA. Hybridization studies established that all of the virus-specified polyadenylated RNAs were encoded by the negative-stranded nucleocapsid RNA and, therefore, that this nucleocapsid RNA was the measles genome. Examination of the measles virus-specified, polyadenylated transcription products by HCHO-agarose gel electrophoresis revealed at least nine distinct RNA species (rather than the six predicted measles mRNAs). The significance of these observations is discussed.
Relations between combined oral contraceptive therapy and indices of autonomic balance (baroreflex sensitivity and heart rate variability) in young healthy women.

INTRODUCTION There are structural and functional links between autonomic nervous and endocrine systems. Derivatives of estrogens and gestagens applied in combined oral contraceptives (COC) reduce the production of endogenous sex steroids, but their effect on autonomic nervous system remains unknown. AIM To compare indices of heart rate variability (HRV) and baroreflex sensitivity (BRS) among young healthy women taking vs. non-taking COC. MATERIAL AND METHODS We performed a cross-sectional study in a group of 53 healthy women (age: 23 +/- 3 years, BMI: 22.3 +/- 2.8 kg/m(2)) taking COC for > or = 3 months (COC-group) and in a group of 113 healthy women (age: 24 +/- 4 years, BMI: 22.0 +/- 3.1 kg/m(2)) not taking COC for > or = 3 months (n-COC-group). All examined women were between the 4th and the 8th day of menstrual (or pill-driven) cycle lasting from 21 to 35 days. Indices of autonomic balance was assessed based on the time- and frequency- domains of heart rate variability (HRV very low (VLF), low (LF), high (HF) frequencies and total HRV spectrum). BRS was evaluated using the sequence (BRS-Seq) and the controlled breathing (BRS-CtBr) methods. RESULTS There were no differences in: age, weight, height, measures of adiposity and fat distribution, the menstrual (or pill-driven) cycle day on the day of examination, heart rate and HRV parameters between the two studied groups (all p > 0.1). BRS-CtBr was higher among n-COC-group as compared to COC-group (20.00 +/- 6.28 versus 18.07 +/- 6.57 ms/mmHg, p < 0.05). There was a trend towards higher BRS-Seq in the n-COC-group as compared to the COC-group (19.4 7 +/- 7.85 versus 16.95 +/- 5.76 ms/mmHg, p = 0.12). In the n-COC-group, BRS-CtBr and RMSSD were inversely related to age (r = -0.23, r = -0.19, p < 0.05). In the COC-group, SDNN was inversely related to waist circumference and WHR (respectively r = -0.34 and r = -0.35, both p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS COC impair the reflex regulation of cardiovascular system based on baroreflex, which may indicate unfavorable influence of COC use on women health. The exact mechanism of BRS impairment caused by COC remains unknown, also in the context of the different composition of various COC. Thus, it needs to be studied further
American College of Medical Genetics guideline on the cytogenetic evaluation of the individual with developmental delay or mental retardation

The following are the recommendations of the American College of Medical Genetics (ACMG) Professional Practice and Guidelines Committee, which was convened to assist health care professionals in making decisions regarding cytogenetic diagnostic testing and counseling for mental retardation (MR) and developmental delay (DD). This document reviews available evidence concerning the value of conventional and molecular cytogenetic testing for the identification of chromosomal anomalies that play a role in the etiology of MR/DD, and, based on this evidence, specific recommendations for each method of testing are provided.
A generalized MVDR spectrum

The minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) approach is very popular in array processing. It is also employed in spectral estimation where the Fourier matrix is used in the optimization process. First, we give a general form of the MVDR where any unitary matrix can be used to estimate the spectrum. Second and most importantly, we show how the MVDR method can be used to estimate the magnitude squared coherence function, which is very useful in so many applications but so few methods exist to estimate it. Simulations show that our algorithm gives much more reliable results than the one based on the popular Welch's method.