Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
The effects of diabetes on male fertility and epigenetic regulation during spermatogenesis

The effects of diabetes mellitus include long-term damages, dysfunctions, and failures of various organs. An important complication of diabetes is the disturbance in the male reproductive system. Glucose metabolism is an important event in spermatogenesis. Moreover, glucose metabolism is also important for maintaining basic cell activity, as well as specific functions, such as motility and fertilization ability in mature sperm. Diabetic disease and experimentally induced diabetes both demonstrated that either type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes could have detrimental effects on male fertility, especially on sperm quality, such as sperm motility, sperm DNA integrity, and ingredients of seminal plasma. Epigenetic modifications are essential during spermatogenesis. The epigenetic regulation represents chromatin modifications including DNA methylation, histone modifications, remodeling of nucleosomes and the higher-order chromatin reorganization and noncoding RNAs. If spermatogenesis is affected during the critical developmental window, embryonic gonadal development, and germline differentiation, environmentally-induced epigenetic modifications may become permanent in the germ line epigenome and have a potential impact on subsequent generations through epigenetic transgenerational inheritance. Diabetes may influence the epigenetic modification during sperm spermatogenesis and that these epigenetic dysregulation may be inherited through the male germ line and passed onto more than one generation, which in turn may increase the risk of diabetes in offspring.
Neurohistological Study of the Effect of Ethanolic Leaf Extract of Sida Acuta on the Cerebral Astrocytes of Adult Wistar Rats

Sida acuta commonly called common wire weed, spinyhead sida belongs to the family malvacaea and it serves as one of the medicinal plants used by traditional herbalist for the treatment of various diseases. This study was to assess the effects of ethanolic leaf extract of Sida acuta on the cerebral astrocytes in wistars rats. Twenty (20) adult wistar rat were divided into four groups labeled A, B, C and D, each consisting of five rats. Group A served as the control that received distilled water, while the experimental groups B, C, and D received 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 600mg/kg of the ethanolic leaf extract of Sida acuta respectively for the period of fourteen days. Neurohistological results showed hyperplasia of astrocytes in the group B that received 200mg/kg of the ethanolic leaf extract of sida acuta, hypertrophy and hypoplasia of astrocytes in the group C that received 400mg/kg of the extract and hypoplasia of astrocytes in the group D that received 600mg/kg of the extract. Thus, these results suggest that administration of ethanolic leaf extract of Sida acuta causes hyperplasia, hypoplasia and hypertrophy of reactive astrocytes in the cerebral cortex of wistar rats and these changes may result in cerebral dysfunction.
AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY

p N A I , Home P o l l 29 D e p o s i t , O c t o b e r 1916 , ' F o r t n i g h t l y R eports on the I n t e r n a l P o l i t i c a l S i t u a t i o n in S p e c i a l R e f e r e n c e to the War Re c e iv ed from A l l the P r o v in c e s f o r the Second F o r t n i g h t of Septem ber 1 9 1 6 , ' H . C . Beadon to S . R . H i g n e l l , 3 0 September 1 9 1 6 ; RDDA, C o n f i d e n t i a l F i l e 1 2 9 ( l 9 l 6 ) , D e l h i P o l i c e S e c r e t A b s t r a c t No. 4 0 , 30 Septem ber 1 9 1 6 . The men u n d e r whose s ig n a t u r e the p o s te r c a l l i n g f o r the m e e t in g was iss u ed w e r e ; R a i Bahadur G h a n ia L a i ; R a i S a h ib W a z i r S i n g h ; Lachhmi N a r a i n , v a i d ; Ram Chand Kure M a i , ironm onger ; P a n d it Banke R a i , mahamahapadayaya; R a i S a h ib I r s h i P e r s h a d ; Pa nd it K a n sh i N a t h ; L a l a M ina M a i , hon orary m a g i s t r a t e ; R a i B ah ad ur Gaur S h a n k a r ; Pa n d it H a r n a r a i n , mahamahapadayaya; L a l a Amba P e r s h a d , honorary m a g i s t r a t e ; L a l a B a s h e s h a r Na th , G oenka , p l e a d e r ; R a i S a h ib K i d a r N a th ; L a l a B isham bar N a th . 3 N A I , Home P o l l 9 D e p o s i t , November 1915» ' F o r t n i g h t l y Reports on the I n t e r n a l P o l i t i c a l S i t u a t i o n in S p e c i a l R e f e r e n c e to the W ar f o r the Second F o r t n ig h t of O c to b e r 1 9 1 5 » 1 W . M . H a i l e y to H . W h e e l e r , 2 November 1 9 1 5 ; Home P o l l 19 D e p o s i t , A p r i l 1 9 1 6 , ' F o r t n i g h t l y Reports on the I n t e r n a l P o l i t i c a l S i t u a t i o n R e c e iv e d from a l l the P r o v in c e s f o r the Second F o r t n i g h t o f March 1916 , ' W . M . H a i l e y to H. W h e e le r , 4 A p r i l 1 9 1 6 ; RDDA, C o n f i d e n t i a l F i l e 87 ( 1 9 1 5 )> ' F o r t n i g h t l y R e p o r t s , ' D e l h i P o l i c e Se c r e t A b s t r a c t No . 4 l , 23 O c t o b e r 1 9 1 5 ; C o n f i d e n t i a l F i l e 1 2 9 ( 1916 ) , D e l h i P o l ic e S e c r e t A b s t r a c t No. 21 , 20 May 1916.
Immune Reconstitution During the First Year of Antiretroviral Therapy of HIV-1-Infected Adults in Rural Burkina Faso

There are no data on the outcome of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in HIV-infected adults in rural Burkina Faso. We therefore assessed CD4+ T-cell counts and HIV-1 plasma viral load (VL), the proportion of naive T-cells (co-expressing CCR7 and CD45RA) and T-cell activation (expression of CD95 or CD38) in 61 previously untreated adult patients from Nouna, Burkina Faso, at baseline and 2 weeks, 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after starting therapy. Median CD4+ T-cell counts increased from 174 (10th-90th percentile: 33-314) cells/µl at baseline to 300 (114- 505) cells/µl after 3 months and 360 (169-562) cells/µl after 12 months of HAART. Median VL decreased from 5.8 (4.6- 6.6) log10 copies/ml at baseline to 1.6 (1.6-2.3) log10 copies/ml after 12 months. Early CD4+ T-cell recovery was accompanied by a reduction of the expression levels of CD95 and CD38 on T-cells. Out of 42 patients with complete virological follow-up under HAART, 19 (45%) achieved concordant good immunological (gain of ≥100 CD4+ T-cells/µl above baseline) and virological (undetectable VL) responses after 12 months of treatment (intention-to-treat analysis). Neither a decreased expression of the T-cell activation markers CD38 and CD95, nor an increase in the percentage of naive T-cells reliably predicted good virological treatment responses in patients with good CD4+ T-cell reconstitution. Repeated measurement of CD4+ T-cell counts during HAART remains the most important parameter for immunologic monitoring. Substitution of repeated VL testing by determination of T-cell activation levels (e.g., CD38 expression on CD8+ T-cells) should be applied with caution.
Regulation of cyclic AMP synthesis by enzyme IIIGlc of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system in crp strains of Salmonella typhimurium

We investigated the claim (J. Daniel, J. Bacteriol. 157:940-941, 1984) that nonphosphorylated enzyme IIIGlc of the phosphoenolpyruvate:sugar phosphotransferase system is required for full synthesis of bacterial cyclic AMP (cAMP). In crp strains of Salmonella typhimurium, cAMP synthesis by intact cells was regulated by the phosphorylation state of enzyme IIIGlc. Introduction of either a pstHI deletion mutation or a crr::Tn10 mutation resulted in a low level of cAMP synthesis. In contrast, crp strains containing a leaky pstI mutation exhibited a high level of cAMP synthesis which was inhibited by phosphotransferase system carbohydrates. From these results, we conclude that phosphorylated enzyme IIIGlc rather than nonphosphorylated enzyme IIIGlc is required for full cAMP synthesis.
Allium sativum Compared to Cilostazol as an Inhibitor of Myointimal Hyperplasia

Objective Intimal hyperplasia is associated with graft failure and vascular sutures in the first year after surgery and in postangioplasty restenosis. Allium sativum (common garlic) lowers cholesterol and has antioxidant effects; it also has antiplatelet and antitumor properties and, therefore, has great potential to reduce or inhibit intimal hyperplasia of the arteries. Our objective is to determine if the garlic has an efficacy to inhibit myointimal hyperplasia compared to cilostazol. Methods Female New Zealand rabbits were divided into the following groups (n=10 each) according to treatment: group A, garlic, 800 µg×kg-1×day-1, orally; group C, cilostazol, 50 mg.day-1, orally; group PS, 10 ml of 0.9% physiological saline solution, orally. Our primary is the difference of the mean of myointimal hyperplasia. Statistical analysis was performed by using ANOVA and Tukey tests, as well as the Chi-square test. We calculated the 95% confidence interval for each point estimate, and the P value was set as < 0.05. Results Group PS had a mean hyperplasia rate of 35.74% (95% CI, 31.76–39.71%); group C, 16.21% (95% CI, 13.36–19.05%); and group A, 21.12% (95% CI, 17.26–25.01%); P<0.0001. Conclusion We conclude that Allium sativum had the same efficacy in inhibiting myointimal hyperplasia when compared to the positive control, cilostazol.
Accurate TSV Number Minimization in High-Level Synthesis

Recent progress in process technology makes it possible to vertically stack multiple integrated chips. In three dimensional integration circuits (3D ICs), through silicon vias (TSVs) are used to communicate signals between layers. However, TSVs act as obstacles during placement and routing and have a negative impact on chip yield. Therefore, TSV number minimization is an important topic in 3D IC design. However, previous high-level synthesis approach only tries to maximize the number of same-layer operation-level data- transfers. In fact, a TSV should correspond to a cross-layer resource-level data-transfer. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an integer linear programming (ILP) approach to per- form TSV number minimization by minimizing the number of cross-layer resource-level data-transfers. Experimental results consistently show that our approach is more effective than the previous approach in TSV number minimization.
The Sloan Lens ACS Survey. III. The Structure and Formation of Early-Type Galaxies and Their Evolution since z ≈ 1

We present a joint gravitational lensing and stellar-dynamical analysis of 15 massive field early-type galaxies selected from the Sloan Lens ACS (SLACS) Survey. The following numerical results are found: (1) A joint likelihood gives an average logarithmic density slope for the total mass density of ⟨γ′⟩ = 2.01 (68% CL; ρtot ∝ r) inside ⟨REinst⟩ = 4.2 ± 0.4 kpc (rms of 1.6 kpc) for isotropic models. The inferred intrinsic rms spread in logarithmic density slopes is σ = 0.12. (2) The average position-angle difference between the light distribution and the total mass distribution is found to be ⟨Δθ⟩ = 0° ± 3° (rms of 10°), setting an upper limit of ⟨γext⟩ ≲ 0.035 on the average external shear. The total mass has an average ellipticity ⟨qSIE⟩ = 0.78 ± 0.03 (rms of 0.12), which correlates extremely well with the stellar ellipticity, q*, resulting in ⟨qSIE/q*⟩ = 0.99 ± 0.03 (rms of 0.11) for σ ≳ 225 km s-1 omitting three S0 lens galaxies. (3) The average projected dark matter mass fraction is inferred to be ⟨fDM⟩ = 0.25 ± 0.06 (rms of 0.22) inside ⟨REinst⟩, using the stellar mass-to-light ratios derived from the fundamental plane as priors. (4) Combined with results from the Lenses Structure and Dynamics (LSD) Survey at z ≳ 0.3, we find no significant evolution of the total density slope inside one effective radius for galaxies with σap ≥ 200 km s-1: a linear fit gives α ≡ d⟨γ′⟩/dz = 0.23 ± 0.16 (1 σ) for the range z = 0.08-1.01. The small scatter and absence of significant evolution in the inner density slopes suggest a collisional scenario in which gas and dark matter strongly couple during galaxy formation, leading to a total mass distribution that rapidly converges to dynamical isothermality.
Triple Experiment Spectrum of the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect in the Coma Cluster: H0

The Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (SZ) effect was previously measured in the Coma Cluster by the Owens Valley Radio Observatory and Millimeter and IR Testa Grigia Observatory experiments and recently also with the W ilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe satellite. We assess the consistency of these results and their implications on the feasibility of high-frequency SZ work with ground-based telescopes. The unique data set from the combined measurements at six frequency bands is jointly analyzed, resulting in a best-fit value for the Thomson optical depth at the cluster center, τ0 = (5.35 ± 0.67) × 10-3. The combined X-ray and SZ determined properties of the gas are used to determine the Hubble constant. For isothermal gas with a β density profile we derive H0 = 84 ± 26 km (s Mpc)-1; the (1 σ) error includes only observational SZ and X-ray uncertainties.
Thirty Minutes of Hypobaric Hypoxia Provokes Alterations of Immune Response, Haemostasis, and Metabolism Proteins in Human Serum

Hypobaric hypoxia (HH) during airline travel induces several (patho-) physiological reactions in the human body. Whereas severe hypoxia is investigated thoroughly, very little is known about effects of moderate or short-term hypoxia, e.g. during airline flights. The aim of the present study was to analyse changes in serum protein expression and activation of signalling cascades in human volunteers staying for 30 min in a simulated altitude equivalent to airline travel. After approval of the local ethics committee, 10 participants were exposed to moderate hypoxia (simulation of 2400 m or 8000 ft for 30 min) in a hypobaric pressure chamber. Before and after hypobaric hypoxia, serum was drawn, centrifuged, and analysed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DIGE) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization followed by time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). Biological functions of regulated proteins were identified using functional network analysis (GeneMania®, STRING®, and Perseus® software). In participants, oxygen saturation decreased from 98.1 ± 1.3% to 89.2 ± 1.8% during HH. Expression of 14 spots (i.e., 10 proteins: ALB, PGK1, APOE, GAPDH, C1QA, C1QB, CAT, CA1, F2, and CLU) was significantly altered. Bioinformatic analysis revealed an association of the altered proteins with the signalling cascades “regulation of haemostasis” (four proteins), “metabolism” (five proteins), and “leukocyte mediated immune response” (five proteins). Even though hypobaric hypoxia was short and moderate (comparable to an airliner flight), analysis of protein expression in human subjects revealed an association to immune response, protein metabolism, and haemostasis
[Lifestyles and quality of life of post menopausal women].

BACKGROUND During menopause the quality of life of women can be seriously deteriorated and influenced by lifestyles. AIM To assess the prevalence of menopausal symptoms and their relationship with lifestyles and quality of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS The Menopause Rating Scale (MRS), a survey that measures menopausal symptoms and has questions related to lifestyles, was applied to 1023 women aged 54 ± 6 years (range 45 to 64 years), consulting in primary health care clinics. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between menopausal symptoms and lifestyle. RESULTS Fifty six percent of women did not have a paid work, 64% were nonsmokers and 90% did not perform any physical exercise. The most frequent menopausal symptoms referred were muscle and joint ailments (85%) followed by mental and physical exhaustion (80%). Sedentary women, smokers or those who did not to have time for leisure activities showed worst quality of life scores. CONCLUSIONS Postmenopausal women with unhealthy lifestyles had the lower quality of life scores and more menopausal symptoms.
Human thrombopoietin knockin mice efficiently support human hematopoiesis in vivo

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) both self-renew and give rise to all blood cells for the lifetime of an individual. Xenogeneic mouse models are broadly used to study human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell biology in vivo. However, maintenance, differentiation, and function of human hematopoietic cells are suboptimal in these hosts. Thrombopoietin (TPO) has been demonstrated as a crucial cytokine supporting maintenance and self-renewal of HSCs. We generated RAG2−/−γc−/− mice in which we replaced the gene encoding mouse TPO by its human homolog. Homozygous humanization of TPO led to increased levels of human engraftment in the bone marrow of the hosts, and multilineage differentiation of hematopoietic cells was improved, with an increased ratio of myelomonocytic verus lymphoid lineages. Moreover, maintenance of human stem and progenitor cells was improved, as demonstrated by serial transplantation. Therefore, RAG2−/−γc−/− TPO-humanized mice represent a useful model to study human hematopoiesis in vivo.
Dynamical structure function identifiability conditions enabling signal structure reconstruction

Networks of controlled dynamical systems exhibit a variety of interconnection patterns that could be interpreted as the structure of the system. One such interpretation of system structure is a system's signal structure, characterized as the open-loop causal dependencies among manifest variables and represented by its dynamical structure function. Although this notion of structure is among the weakest available, previous work has shown that if no a priori structural information is known about the system, not even the Boolean structure of the dynamical structure function is identifiable. Consequently, one method previously suggested for obtaining the necessary a priori structural information is to leverage knowledge about target specificity of the controlled inputs. This work extends these results to demonstrate precisely the a priori structural information that is both necessary and sufficient to reconstruct the network from input-output data. This extension is important because it significantly broadens the applicability of the identifiability conditions, enabling the design of network reconstruction experiments that were previously impossible due to practical constraints on the types of actuation mechanisms available to the engineer or scientist. The work is motivated by the proteomics problem of reconstructing the Per-Arnt-Sim Kinase pathway used in the metabolism of sugars.
Analysis of structural brain MRI and multi-parameter classification for Alzheimer’s disease

Abstract Incorporating with machine learning technology, neuroimaging markers which extracted from structural Magnetic Resonance Images (sMRI), can help distinguish Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) patients from Healthy Controls (HC). In the present study, we aim to investigate differences in atrophic regions between HC and AD and apply machine learning methods to classify these two groups. T1-weighted sMRI scans of 158 patients with AD and 145 age-matched HC were acquired from the ADNI database. Five kinds of parameters (i.e. cortical thickness, surface area, gray matter volume, curvature and sulcal depth) were obtained through the preprocessing steps. The recursive feature elimination (RFE) method for support vector machine (SVM) and leave-one-out cross validation (LOOCV) were applied to determine the optimal feature dimensions. Each kind of parameter was trained by SVM algorithm to acquire a classifier, which was used to classify HC and AD ultimately. Moreover, the ROC curves were depicted for testing the classifiers’ performance and the SVM classifiers of two-dimensional spaces took the top two important features as classification features for separating HC and AD to the maximum extent. The results showed that the decreased cortical thickness and gray matter volume dramatically exhibited the trend of atrophy. The key differences between AD and HC existed in the cortical thickness and gray matter volume of the entorhinal cortex and medial orbitofrontal cortex. In terms of classification results, an optimal accuracy of 90.76% was obtained via multi-parameter combination (i.e. cortical thickness, gray matter volume and surface area). Meanwhile, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and area under the curve (AUC) were also verified multi-parameter combination could reach a better classification performance (AUC=0.94) after the SVM-RFE method. The results could be well prove that multi-parameter combination could provide more useful classified features from multivariate anatomical structure than single parameter. In addition, as cortical thickness and multi-parameter combination contained more important classified information with fewer feature dimensions after feature selection, it could be optimum to separate HC from AD to take the top two important features of them to construct SVM classifiers in two-dimensional space. The proposed work is a promising approach suggesting an important role for machine-learning based diagnostic image analysis for clinical practice.
Should the liver transplant criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma be different for deceased donation and living donation?

SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS Should the liver transplant criteria for HCC be differ-ent for DDLT and LDLT? We have found that there areno high-quality data justifying or refuting the use ofdifferent criteria.According to locoregional circumstances and theavailability of livers from deceased donors, it maysometimes be reasonable to use different acceptancecriteria for DDLT and LDLT. For instance, in theUnited States, a patient with a single unresectableHCC tumor 5.0 cm in diameter or a tumor ortumors within the UCSF criteria would not meet thecriteria for MELD exception points in most UNOSregions and, therefore, would not have access toDDLT; in this setting, LDLT may offer the only chanceof a cure and provide excellent outcomes. 6,21 In manyregions, deceased donation rates are poor or zero. Inthese areas, along with the philosophy of the livingdonor liver as a private gift, the option of LDLT shouldbe considered in the context of paternalism andrespect for the autonomy of the living donor, but thisis a difﬁcult balance to achieve.
Zero-skew clock routing trees with minimum wirelength

The deferred-merge embedding (DME) algorithm is presented. In linear time, it embeds any given connection topology into the Manhattan plane to create a clock tree with zero skew while minimizing total wirelength. Experimental results show that the algorithm yields exact zero skew trees with 9% to 16% wirelength reduction over previous constructions. The DME algorithm may be applied to either the Elmore or the linear delay model and yields optimal total wirelength for linear delay. <<ETX>>
Physical anhedonia and future psychopathology: an electrocortical continuity?

During the past decade, a great deal of effort has been focused on the identification of subjects who may be at “high-risk” for the development of psychopathology. Chapman, Chapman, and Raulin (1976) suggested that college students who report pervasive physical anhedonia may comprise a group of subjects vulnerable to the development of schizophrenia. The present study provides cortical evoked potential data consistent with this relationship. Auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) were collected from anhedonic subjects and normal controls under two conditions of auditory stimulation. In the first condition (nonsignal orienting), anhedonic and normal control subjects did not differ on any measure of the ERP. However, under signal conditions, reliable group differences emerged which were strikingly apparent in the late positive (P3) component. These group differences were maximal when the auditory signal predicted a high-interest event. Similar observations of reduced P3 activity have been frequently reported in studies with schizophrenic patients. In conjunction with previous investigations of anhedonic subjects, the present data continue to support the hypothesis that these subjects may constitute a psychosis-prone population.