Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Study of the Drought Resistance of Thirteen Sand-fixing Plants in Horqin Sand Land , China

The Horqin Sand Land is characterized by a continental semi-arid monsoon climate. Water is a key limiting factor for the restoration of vegetation and ecological construction in this area. Selecting species with high levels of drought resistance for the restoration of vegetation in this area is important. Thirteen sand-fixation plants species in this region (Caragana korshinskii, Caragana microphylla, Elaeagnus angustifolia, Euonymus bungeanus, Hedysarum fruticosum, Hippophae rhamnoides, Picea mongolica, Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica, Sabina vulgaris, Salix gordejevii, Salix matsudana, Ulmus pumila, and Xanthoceras sorbifolia) were selected and seven drought resistance indexes (water saturation deficit, specific leaf area, leaf water-retaining capacity, chlorophyll content, foliar δC value, leaf water potential, and leaf transpiration rate) were measured. The comprehensive evaluation of the thirteen species generated the following rank order as Sabina vulgaris>Picea mongolica>Pinus sylvestris var. mongolica>Hippophae rhamnoides>E. angustifolia>C. microphylla>S. gordejevii>X. sorbifolia>C. korshinskii>S. matsudana> E. bungeanus>U. pumila> H. fruticosum in terms of drought resistance through subordinate function values analysis. Using the group mean cluster analysis method, the thirteen plant species fall into three groups and the rank order of the capacity for drought resistance from the highest to the lowest was as follows: (1) S. vulgaris, P. mongolica, and P. sylvestris; (2) H. rhamnoides, E. angustifolia, C. microphylla, S. gordejevii, X. sorbifolia, C. korshinskii, S. matsudana, E. bungeanus, and U. pumila; and (3) H. fruticosum. Among the seven drought resistance indexes, specific leaf area was the most effective. The results have important implications for the establishment of artificial plantations in Horqin sand land and other semi-arid sand land areas in China. © 2018 Friends Science Publishers
Comparison of AVIRIS and Hyperion for Hyperspectral Mineral Mapping

1.0 Introduction The 0.4 to 2.5 μm spectral range provides abundant information about many important Earth-surface minerals (Clark et al., 1990). In particular, the 2.0 to 2.5 μm spectral range covers spectral features of hydroxyl-bearing minerals, sulfates, and carbonates common to many geologic units and hydrothermal alteration assemblages. Imaging Spectrometers, or “Hyperspectral” sensors provide the unique combination of both spatially contiguous spectra and spectrally contiguous images of the Earth's surface that allows spatial mapping of these minerals (Goetz et al., 1985). Airborne hyperspectral data have been available to researchers since the early 1980s and their use for mineral mapping is well established (Goetz et al., 1985; Kruse and Lefkoff, 1993; Boardman and Kruse, 1994; Boardman et al., 1995; Kruse, et al., 1999). Current airborne sensors provide high-spatial resolution (2-20m), high-spectral resolution (10-20nm), and high SNR (>500:1) data for a variety of scientific disciplines (Green et al., 2001; Kruse et al., 2000).
Attentional Bias Dynamics and Posttraumatic Stress in Survivors of Violent Conflict and Atrocities

Survivors of violent conflict and atrocities, forcibly displaced persons (FDPs) are at risk for trauma-related mental health problems. Experimental clinical research key to the development of interventions tailored to FDPs is limited. We examined relations among attentional bias (AB) to trauma cues, posttraumatic stress symptom (PTS) severity, and behavioral avoidance of exposure to trauma-related stimuli. A total of 110 Sudanese male asylum seekers (age M = 32.7, SD = 6.5) were recruited from the community in Israel. AB temporal dynamics significantly predicted levels of PTS as well as behavioral avoidance of exposure to trauma stimuli specifically. No effects were observed when AB was quantified traditionally as an aggregated mean representing a static trait. Findings demonstrate the potential role of AB dynamics in PTS among FDPs, help disambiguate extant mixed findings between AB and PTS, and suggest that cognitive bias modification targeting AB dynamics may be a promising new direction for FDP mental health research.
Efficacy of Two Cleaning Solutions for the Decontamination of 10 Antineoplastic Agents in the Biosafety Cabinets of a Hospital Pharmacy.

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate two cleaning solutions for the chemical decontamination of antineoplastic agents on the surfaces of two biosafety cabinets routinely used for chemotherapy preparation in a hospital pharmacy. METHODS For almost 1 year (49 weeks), two different solutions were used for the weekly cleaning of two biosafety cabinets in a hospital pharmacy's centralized cytotoxic preparation unit. The solutions evaluated were a commercial solution of isopropyl alcohol (IPA) and water (70:30, vol:vol), and a detergent solution constituted by 10(-2)M of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) with 20% IPA. Seven areas in each biosafety cabinet were wiped 14 times throughout the year, before and after the weekly cleaning process, according to a validated procedure. Samples were analyzed using a validated method of high-performance liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. The decontamination efficacy of these two solutions was tested for 10 antineoplastic agents: cytarabine, gemcitabine, methotrexate, etoposide phosphate, irinotecan, cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, doxorubicin, epirubicin, and vincristine. RESULTS Overall decontamination efficacies observed were 82±6% and 49±11% for SDS solution and IPA, respectively. Higher contamination levels were distributed on areas frequently touched by the pharmacy technicians-such as sleeves and airlock handles-than on scale plates, gravimetric control hardware, and work benches. Detected contaminations of cyclophosphamide, ifosfamide, gemcitabine, and cytarabine were higher than those of the others agents. SDS solution was almost 20% more efficient than IPA on eight of the antineoplastic agents. CONCLUSION Both cleaning solutions were able to reduce contamination levels in the biosafety cabinets. The efficacy of the solution containing an anionic detergent agent (SDS) was shown to be generally higher than that of IPA and, after the SDS cleaning procedure, biosafety cabinets demonstrated acceptable contamination levels.
Polynomial Chaos Expansion of Random Coefficients and the Solution of Stochastic Partial Differential Equations in the Tensor Train Format

We apply the tensor train (TT) decomposition to construct the tensor product polynomial chaos expansion (PCE) of a random field, to solve the stochastic elliptic diffusion PDE with the stochastic Galerkin discretization, and to compute some quantities of interest (mean, variance, and exceedance probabilities). We assume that the random diffusion coefficient is given as a smooth transformation of a Gaussian random field. In this case, the PCE is delivered by a complicated formula, which lacks an analytic TT representation. To construct its TT approximation numerically, we develop the new block TT cross algorithm, a method that computes the whole TT decomposition from a few evaluations of the PCE formula. The new method is conceptually similar to the adaptive cross approximation in the TT format but is more efficient when several tensors must be stored in the same TT representation, which is the case for the PCE. In addition, we demonstrate how to assemble the stochastic Galerkin matrix and to compute the s.
Tissue adhesives in otorhinolaryngology

The development of medical tissue adhesives has a long history without finding an all-purpose tissue adhesive for clinical daily routine. This is caused by the specific demands which are made on a tissue adhesive, and the different areas of application. In otorhinolaryngology, on the one hand, this is the mucosal environment as well as the application on bones, cartilage and periphery nerves. On the other hand, there are stressed regions (skin, oral cavity, pharynx, oesophagus, trachea) and unstressed regions (middle ear, nose and paranasal sinuses, cranial bones). But due to the facts that adhesives can have considerable advantages in assuring surgery results, prevention of complications and so reduction of medical costs/treatment expenses, the search for new adhesives for use in otorhinolaryngology will be continued intensively. In parallel, appropriate application systems have to be developed for microscopic and endoscopic use.
Plasticity and cytokinetic dynamics of the hair follicle mesenchyme: implications for hair growth control.

The continuously remodeled hair follicle is a uniquely exploitable epithelial-mesenchymal interaction system. In contrast to the cyclical fate of the hair follicle epithelium, the dynamics of the supposedly stable hair follicle mesenchyme remains enigmatic. Here we address this issue using the C57BL/6 hair research model. During hair growth, increase in total follicular papilla size was associated with doubling of papilla cell numbers, much of which occurred before intra-follicular papilla cell proliferation, and subsequent to mitosis in the proximal connective tissue sheath. This indicates that some papilla cells originate in, and migrate from, the proliferating pool of connective tissue sheath fibroblasts. Follicular papilla cell number and total papilla size were maximal by anagen VI, but intriguingly, decreased by 25% during this period of sustained hair production. This cell loss, which continued during catagen, was not associated with intra-follicular papilla apoptosis, strongly indicating that fibroblasts migrate out of the late anagen/early catagen papilla and re-enter the proximal connective tissue sheath. Low-level apoptosis occurred only here, along with the "detachment" of cells from the regressing connective tissue sheath. Thus, the hair follicle mesenchyme exhibits significant hair cycle-associated plasticity. Modulation of these cell interchanges is likely to be important during clinically important hair follicle transformations, e.g. vellus-to-terminal and terminal-to-vellus during androgenetic alopecia.
Paleoceanography of the southern Agulhas Plateau during the last 150 ka: Inferences from benthic foraminiferal assemblages and multispecies epifaunal carbon isotopes

Benthic foraminiferal assemblages and the carbon isotope composition of the epifaunal benthic foraminifera Epistominella exigua and Fontbotia wuellerstorfi have been investigated along core MD02-2589 located at the southern Agulhas Plateau (41°26.03′S, 25°15.30′E, 2660 m water depth). This study aims to evaluate changes in the benthic paleoenvironment and its influence on benthic δ 13C with a notable focus on E. exigua, a species associated with phytodetritus deposits and poorly studied in isotope paleoceanographic reconstructions. The benthic foraminiferal assemblages (>63 μm) show large fluctuations in species composition suggesting significant changes in the pattern of ocean surface productivity conceivably related to migrations of the Subtropical Convergence (STC) and Subantarctic Front (SAF). Low to moderate seasonality and relatively higher food supply to the seafloor are indicated during glacial marine isotope stages (MIS) 6, 4, and 2 and during MIS 3, probably associated with the northward migration of the SAF and confluence with the more stationary STC above the southern flank of the Agulhas Plateau. The lowest organic carbon supply to the seafloor is indicated from late MIS 5b to MIS 4 as a consequence of increased influence of the Agulhas Front (AF) and/or weakening of the influence of the STC over the region. Episodic delivery of fresh organic matter, similar to modern conditions at the core location, is indicated during MIS 5c–MIS 5e and at Termination I. Comparison of this paleoenvironmental information with the paired δ 13C records of E. exigua and F. wuellerstorfi suggests that organic carbon offsets δ 13C of E. exigua from ambient bottom water δ 13CDIC, while its δ 13C amplitude, on glacial-interglacial timescales, does not seem affected by changes of organic carbon supply to the seafloor. This suggests that this species calcifies preferentially during the short time span of the year when productivity peaks and phytodetritus is delivered to the seafloor. Therefore E. exigua, while offset from δ 13CDIC, potentially more faithfully records the amplitude of ambient bottom water δ 13CDIC changes than F. wuellerstorfi, notably in settings such as the Southern Ocean that experienced substantial changes through time in the organic carbon supply to the seafloor.
MESHLESS METHOD BASED ON RADIAL BASIS FUNCTIONS FOR GENERAL ROSENAU KdV-RLW EQUATION

In the present study, the meshless method based on radial basis functions is applied for finding the numerical solution of the general Rosenau KdV-RLW equation. Firstly, Crank-Nicolson and forward finite difference methods are used for discretization of the unknown function and its time derivative, respectively. A linearization technique is applied for the approximate solution of the equation. Secondly, we calculate the numerical values of invariants of the motions to examine the fundamental conservative properties of the equation. Also, the error norms are computed to determine the accuracy of the proposed method. Linear stability analysis is tested to determine whether the present method is stable or unstable. The scheme gives unconditionally stable. At the end of this paper, obtained results indicate the accuracy and applicability of this method.
Face Recognition: Primates in the Wild

We present a new method of primate face recognition, and evaluate this method on several endangered primates, including golden monkeys, lemurs, and chimpanzees. The three datasets contain a total of 11,637 images of 280 individual primates from 14 species. Primate face recognition performance is evaluated using two existing state-of-the-art open-source systems, (i) FaceNet and (ii) SphereFace, (iii) a lemur face recognition system from literature, and (iv) our new convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture called PrimNet. Three recognition scenarios are considered: verification (1:1 comparison), and both open-set and closed-set identification (1:N search). We demonstrate that PrimNet outperforms all of the other systems in all three scenarios for all primate species tested. Finally, we implement an Android application of this recognition system to be assist primate researchers and conservationists in the wild for individual recognition of primates.
NMDA Receptor Subunits Change after Synaptic Plasticity Induction and Learning and Memory Acquisition

NMDA ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDARs) are crucial in activity-dependent synaptic changes and in learning and memory. NMDARs are composed of two GluN1 essential subunits and two regulatory subunits which define their pharmacological and physiological profile. In CNS structures involved in cognitive functions as the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex, GluN2A and GluN2B are major regulatory subunits; their expression is dynamic and tightly regulated, but little is known about specific changes after plasticity induction or memory acquisition. Data strongly suggest that following appropriate stimulation, there is a rapid increase in surface GluN2A-NMDAR at the postsynapses, attributed to lateral receptor mobilization from adjacent locations. Whenever synaptic plasticity is induced or memory is consolidated, more GluN2A-NMDARs are assembled likely using GluN2A from a local translation and GluN1 from local ER. Later on, NMDARs are mobilized from other pools, and there are de novo syntheses at the neuron soma. Changes in GluN1 or NMDAR levels induced by synaptic plasticity and by spatial memory formation seem to occur in different waves of NMDAR transport/expression/degradation, with a net increase at the postsynaptic side and a rise in expression at both the spine and neuronal soma. This review aims to put together that information and the proposed hypotheses.
THE EFFECT OF RIGHT VENTRICULAR PACEMAKER LEAD POSITION ON FUNCTIONAL STATUS IN PATIENTS WITH PRESERVED LEFT VENTRICULAR EJECTION FRACTION.

INTRODUCTION The study was aimed at assessing the difference between the right ventricle apex versus the right ventricular outflow tract lead position in functional capacity in the patients with the preserved left ventricular ejection fraction after 12 months of pacemaker stimulation. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a prospective, randomized, follow-up study, which lasted for 12 months. The study sample included 132 consecutive patients who were implanted with permanent anti-bradicardiac pacemaker. Regarding the right ventricular lead position the patients were divided into two groups: the right ventricle apex group consisting of 61 patients with right ventricular apex lead position. The right ventricular outflow tract group included 71 patients with right ventricular outflow tract lead position. Functional capacity was assessed by Minnesota Living With Heart Failure score, New York Heart Association class and Six Minute Walk Test. Left ventricular ejection fraction was assessed by echocardiography. RESULTS Minnesota Living With Heart Failure score and New York Heart Association class had a statistically significant improvement in both study groups. The patients from right ventricle apex group walked 20.95% (p=O.03) more in comparison to starting values. The patients from right ventricular outflow tract group walked only 13.63% (p=0.09) longer distance than the startingoneConclusion. Analysis of tests of functional status New York Heart Association class and Minnesota Living With Heart Failure questionnaire showed an even improvement in the right ventricle apex and right ventricular outflow tract groups. Analysis of 6 minute walk test showed that only the patients with the preserved left ventricular ejection fraction from the right ventricle apex group had a significant improvement after 12 months of pacemaker stimulation.
Session 2: Personalised nutrition Transcriptomic signatures that have identified key features of metabolic syndrome

The Human Genome Project and rapid advances in high-throughput molecular technologies are providing an unprecedented opportunity to advance the understanding of the common polygenic diet-related diseases, including obesity, the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, CVD and some cancers. In particular, transcriptomic approaches that allow multiple simultaneous gene-expression profiles facilitate the characterisation of metabolic perturbations that underlie diet-related pathologies. The present paper will focus on ‘transcriptomic signatures’ to characterise and understand the molecular mechanisms that accurately reflect ‘metabolic health’.
Modeling Climate Suitability of the Western Blacklegged Tick in California

Abstract Ixodes pacificus Cooley & Kohls (Acari: Ixodidae), the primary vector of Lyme disease spirochetes to humans in the far-western United States, is broadly distributed across Pacific Coast states, but its distribution is not uniform within this large, ecologically diverse region. To identify areas of suitable habitat, we assembled records of locations throughout California where two or more I. pacificus were collected from vegetation from 1980 to 2014. We then employed ensemble species distribution modeling to identify suitable climatic conditions for the tick and restricted the results to land cover classes where these ticks are typically encountered (i.e., forest, grass, scrub-shrub, riparian). Cold-season temperature and rainfall are particularly important abiotic drivers of suitability, explaining between 50 and 99% of the spatial variability across California among models. The likelihood of an area being classified as suitable increases steadily with increasing temperatures >0°C during the coldest quarter of the year, and further increases when precipitation amounts range from 400 to 800 mm during the coldest quarter, indicating that areas in California with relatively warm and wet winters typically are most suitable for I. pacificus. Other consistent predictors of suitability include increasing autumn humidity, temperatures in the warmest month between 23 and 33°C, and low-temperature variability throughout the year. The resultant climatic suitability maps indicate that coastal California, especially the northern coast, and the western Sierra Nevada foothills have the highest probability of I. pacificus presence.
Typical mistakes in Mental Cutting Test and their consequences in gender differences

Spatial ability of first year university students is measured and evaluated in this paper. We used standard Mental Cutting Test (MCT), where a body is given by perspective view and correct cross section has to be chosen. While gender differences in MCT are reported by several papers including our earlier results, much less known are the reasons of these differences. Here we show that typical mistakes (answers to problems which are close to be correct) can be one of the possible reasons, since female students made typical mistakes in some cases more frequently than males.
Spectral clustering of linear subspaces for motion segmentation

This paper studies automatic segmentation of multiple motions from tracked feature points through spectral embedding and clustering of linear subspaces. We show that the dimension of the ambient space is crucial for separability, and that low dimensions chosen in prior work are not optimal. We suggest lower and upper bounds together with a data-driven procedure for choosing the optimal ambient dimension. Application of our approach to the Hopkins155 video benchmark database uniformly outperforms a range of state-of-the-art methods both in terms of segmentation accuracy and computational speed.
The widely used SPECT and PET tracers for cardiac sympathetic nervous system

Dysfunction of the cardiac nervous system implicated in various types of cardiac disease has been recognized. With the development of single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positronemission tomography (PET), nuclear imaging technique make it possible for global and regional investigation of the myocardial nervous system. The SPECT tracer 123I-metaiodobenzy lguanidine (123I-MIBG) has been applied for mapping presynaptic sympathetic innervation and is available for imaging on various heart diseases now. PET tracer 11C-meta-hydroxyephedrine (11C-HED) has also been established for characterizing the cardiac sympathetic nervous system. And the PET tracer LMI1195, which is under clinical investigation, is a promising tracer. Correspondence to: Xiaohua Zhu, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1095 JieFang Avenue, Wuhan430030, China, Tel: +86-2783663446; E-mail: evazhu@vip.sina. com