Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Two proline residues are essential in the calcium-binding activity of rotavirus VP7 outer capsid protein

Rotavirus maturation and stability of the outer capsid are calcium-dependent processes. It has been shown previously that the concentration of Ca2+-solubilizing outer capsid proteins from rotavirus particles is dependent on the virus strain. This property of viral particles has been associated with the gene coding for VP7 (gene 9). In this study the correlation between VP7 and resistance to low [Ca2+] was confirmed by analyzing the origin of gene 9 from reassortant viruses prepared under the selective pressure of low [Ca2+]. After chemical mutagenesis, we selected mutant viruses of the bovine strain RF that are more resistant to low [Ca2+]. The genes coding for the VP7 proteins of these independent mutants have been sequenced. Sequence analysis confirmed that these mutants are independent and revealed that all mutant VP7 proteins have proline 75 changed to leucine and have an outer capsid that solubilized at low [Ca2+]. The mutation of proline 279 to serine is found in all but two mutants. The phenotype of mutants having a single proline change can be distinguished from the phenotype of mutants having two proline changes. Sequence analysis showed that position 75 is in a region (amino acids 65 to 78) of great variability and that proline 75 is present in most of the bovine strains. In contrast, proline 279 is in a conserved region and is conserved in all the VP7 sequences in data banks. This region is rich in oxygenated residues that are correctly allocated in the metal-coordinating positions of the Ca2+-binding EF-hand structure pattern, suggesting that this region is important in the Ca2+ binding of VP7.
Extending and refining the propaganda model

The ‘propaganda model’ of news production in capitalist democracies elaborated by Edward S. Herman and Noam Chomsky in 1988 was met with initial hostile criticism and then more or less complete neglect. In the last five years, there has been a renewal of interest, although opinion remains seriously divided. This article adopts a sympathetic stance towards the main ideas of the model, but suggests that there are a number of ways in which in its classical iteration it is insufficiently sensitive to the nature of the pressures and constraints on news production arising from the economic and political realities of capitalist democracy. If one takes account of these complexities and modifies the model accordingly, it is possible to give a much more complete account of processes of news production and to respond effectively to the main criticisms that have been advanced against Herman and Chomsky’s views. From this perspective, rather than the tendency towards uniformity predicted by the classical iteration of the model, it becomes possible to account for the real, if limited, variety of news and opinion that are observable features of mass media. It further follows from this account that the majority of ordinary journalists, far from being the more or less willing collaborators in propaganda, are potentially allies of those who wish to build a different and better world.
The DNA binding and pairing preferences of the archaeal RadA protein demonstrate a universal characteristic of DNA strand exchange proteins

The archaeal RadA protein is a homologue of the Escherichia coli RecA and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad51 proteins and possesses the same biochemical activities. Here, using in vitro selection, we show that the Sulfolobus solfataricus RadA protein displays the same preference as its homologues for binding to DNA sequences that are rich in G residues, and under‐represented in A and C residues. The RadA protein also displays enhanced pairing activity with these in vitro‐selected sequences. These parallels between the archaeal, eukaryal and bacterial proteins further extend the universal characteristics of DNA strand exchange proteins.
Constraints and Convergence : The Cognitive Neuroscience Approach

Imagine that you are a physician trying to understand how digestion is accomplished; you want to know how the structure and function of internal organs cause food input to be converted into energy output. How might you begin and what types of information might you seek? You might begin by observing the problems experienced by people who have suffered injuries to particular internal organs, which could give you a general idea of what functions each helps to carry out in digestion. However, you might soon notice that damage to different organs results in similar, but not identical difficulties. Furthermore, you find that damage to a given organ does not always result in a single, consistent dysfunctional pattern, and the particular observed pattern seems to depend upon the integrity of related organs. Understanding digestion becomes an increasingly complex task as each new observation reveals a host of new questions. Moreover, each organ may participate in more than one aspect of digestion, and observations of deficits and locations of damage are not enough to identify the functions uniquely. Happily, you can use information from other domains to help you interpret the data. Anatomical studies reveal that the organs in question, such as the stomach, intestines, liver and pancreas, are not connected haphazardly; in fact, they appear to be connected in a precise fashion, each organ connected to a specific set of other organs. These data help you piece together the notion of a "digestive tract" or system in which each organ carries out a particular process upon food as it passes through the system. This insight might help explain why the pattern of deficits following damage to one organ depends upon the integrity of others. You realize further that in order to understand the functional relationships among these organs you need to know more about how they communicate, what they do, and which aspects of their operation might be shared by all organs in the digestive tract. For example, you learn that a chemical called insulin is produced by the pancreas, is found in the liver, and has been linked to changes in blood sugar levels in rats. How does insulin relate to different aspects of digestion? How and when does the liver use it? Might insulin be influenced by, or itself influence, other processes? In answering these questions you may develop an understanding of digestion that draws on many levels of …
Community detection based reference points clustering for indoor localization in WLAN

For the indoor positioning issue in WLAN based on fingerprinting, reference points clustering methods such as K-means and affinity propagation are frequently used to reduce the region of search. However, the number of clusters needs to be predefined directly or indirectly, meanwhile an unsuitable clustering pattern would lead to poor estimation accuracy, which reduces the practicability of these methods. Based on the theory of the complex network, this paper presents a community detection based reference points clustering for indoor localization in WLAN. A novel clustering target function is proposed and a modified Clauset-Newman-Moore (CNM) algorithm is presented to solve this function. Experimental results demonstrate that, compared to other clustering based localization methods, the proposed method can obtain more accurate estimation.
Transitions of Contrast in Chinese and English University Student Writing

One of the fundamental ways in which knowledge develops is through contrast. This applies not only to the development of ideas and theories in argumentative texts, but also to the contrasting of new findings with old in experimental reports. Contrast, then, is central to the development of academic knowledge. A common finding in contrastive analyses is that the transition however is used significantly more by English than Chinese writers. This has been explained through suggestions that Chinese writers may be culturally less willing or linguistically less able to express contrast. Our objective was to identify which transitions of contrast are used more by Chinese students and to understand where and how they are used. In the closely matched Han CH-EN corpus of similar texts written by successful Chinese and English students at British universities, we identified four transitions that are used significantly more (p < .05) by Chinese writers: while, whereas, on the other hand, and in contrast. Through examining contexts of use and specific examples, we argue that Chinese students employ a greater variety of transitions than English students to achieve a similar amount of contrast in their writing. The paper concludes with seven implications for teaching academic writing in English.
Whole-genome sequencing of KSHV from Zambian Kaposi ’ s sarcoma biopsies reveals unique viral diversity

24 Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiological agent for Kaposi’s sarcoma 25 (KS). Both KSHV and KS are endemic in sub-Saharan Africa where approximately 84% of 26 global KS cases occur. Nevertheless, whole-genome sequencing of KSHV has only been 27 completed using isolates from Western countries—where KS is not endemic. The lack of whole28 genome KSHV sequence data from the most clinically important geographical region, sub29 Saharan Africa, represents an important gap as it remains unclear whether genomic diversity has 30 a role on KSHV pathogenesis. We hypothesized that distinct KSHV genotypes might be present 31 in sub-Saharan Africa compared to Western countries. Using a KSHV-targeted enrichment 32 protocol followed by Illumina deep-sequencing, we generated and analyzed sixteen unique 33 Zambian, KS-derived, KSHV genomes. We enriched KSHV DNA over cellular DNA 1,851 to 34 18,235-fold. Enrichment provided coverage levels up to 24,740-fold; therefore, supporting 35 highly confident polymorphism analysis. Multiple alignment of the sixteen newly sequenced 36 KSHV genomes showed low level variability across the entire central conserved region. This 37 variability resulted in distinct phylogenetic clustering between Zambian KSHV genomic 38 sequences and those derived from Western countries. Importantly, the phylogenetic segregation 39 of Zambian from Western sequences occurred irrespective of inclusion of the highly variable 40 genes K1 and K15. We also show that four genes within the more conserved region of the KSHV 41 genome contained polymorphisms that partially, but not fully, contributed to the unique Zambian 42 KSHV whole-genome phylogenetic structure. Taken together, our data suggest that the whole 43 KSHV genome should be taken into consideration for accurate viral characterization. 44
CPRC CPRC Working Paper No . 09-08 Social / Behavioral Skills and the Gender Gap in Early Educational Achievement

Though many studies have suggested that social and behavior al skills play a central role in gender stratification processes, we know little abou t the extent to which these skills affect gender gaps in academic achievement. Analyzi ng data from the Early Child Longitudinal Study-Kindergarten Cohort, we demonstrate t hat social and behavioral skills have substantively important effects on academic outcomes from kindergarten through fifth grade. Gender differences in the acquisition of these s kills, moreover, explain a considerable fraction of the gender gap in academic outcomes du ring early elementary school. Boys get roughly the same academic return to social and behav ioral skills as their female peers, but girls retain an advantage both because they begin school with more advanced social and behavioral skills, and because their skill advan tage grows over time. While part of the effect may reflect an evaluation process that rewards s tu ents who better conform to school norms, our results imply that the acquisition of soci al and behavioral skills enhances learning as well. Our results call for a reconsideration of t he family and school-level processes that produce gender gaps in social/behavioral skill s and the advantages they confer for academic and later success.
Critical Investigation of the CD14 Promoter Polymorphism: Lack of a Role for In Vitro Cytokine Response and Membrane CD14 Expression

ABSTRACT Blood of volunteers, genotyped for the CD14 C(−159)→T polymorphism, showed no difference in cytokine release when stimulated with nine CD14-dependent immune stimuli. An analysis of the published data on the proposed association of CD14 genotype with membrane CD14 density revealed no significant correlation, questioning a functional impact of the CD14 polymorphism.
Magnetic turbulence in cool cores of galaxy clusters

We argue that the recently reported Kolmogorov-like magnetic turbulence spectrum in the cool core of the Hydra A galaxy cluster can be understood by kinetic energy injection by active galaxies that drives a turbulent non-helical magnetic dynamo into its saturated state. Although dramatic differences exist between small-scale dynamo scenarios, their saturated state is expected to be similar, as we show for three scenarios: the flux rope dynamo ,t hefluctuation dynamo ,a nd theexplosive dynamo. Based on those scenarios, we develop an analytical model of the hydrodynamic and magnetic turbulence in cool cores. The model implies magnetic field strengths that fit well with Faraday rotation measurements and minimum energy estimates for the sample of cool core clusters having such data available. Predictions for magnetic fields in clusters for which the appropriate observational information is still missing, and for yet unobserved quantities like the hydrodynamical turbulence velocity and characteristic length-scale are provided. The underlying dynamo models suggest magnetic intermittency and possibly a large-scale hydrodynamic viscosity. We conclude that the success of the model to explain the field strength in cool core clusters indicates that in general cluster magnetic fields directly reflect hydrodynamical turbulence, also in clusters without cool cores.
Faculty–Student Affairs Collaboration on Assessment

There may be many obstacles to faculty and student affairs collaborating on assessment, but they can be surmounted. Indeed, on campuses across the country, educators are finding strategies for breaking down some of the cultural, bureaucratic, and leadership barriers that have long stood in the way of faculty and student affairs working together to find out what students are learning.
SLoT: A supervised learning model to predict dynamic timing errors of functional units

Dynamic timing errors (DTEs), that are caused by the timing violations of sensitized critical timing paths, have emerged as an important threat to the reliability of digital circuits. Existing approaches model the DTEs without considering the impact of input operands on dynamic path sensitization, resulting in loss of accuracy. The diversity of input operands leads to complex path sensitization behaviors, making it hard to represent in DTE modeling. In this paper, we propose SLoT, a supervised learning model to predict the output of functional units (FUs) to be one of two timing classes: {timing correct, timing erroneous} as a function of input operands and clock period. We apply random forest classification (RFC) method to construct SLoT, by using input operands, computation history and circuit toggling as input features and outputs' timing classes as labels. The outputs' timing classes are measured using gate-level simulation (GLS) of a post place-and-route design in TSMC 45nm process. For evaluation, we apply SLoT to several FUs and on average 95% predictions are consistent with GLS, which is 6.3X higher compared to the existing instruction-level model. SLoT-based reliability analysis of FUs under different datasets can achieve 0.7–4.8% average difference compared with GLS-based analysis, and execute more than 20X faster than GLS.
Effect of hydrostatic pressure on the crystal structure of sodium oxalate: X-ray diffraction study and ab initio simulations

Abstract Effect of hydrostatic pressures up to 8 GPa on the crystals of Na2C2O4 (sp. gr. P21/c) was studied in situ in the diamond anvil cells a) in neon, b) in methanol-ethanol mixture by high-resolution X-ray powder diffraction (synchrotron radiation, λ = 0.7 Å, MAR345-detector). Below 3.3–3.8 GPa, anisotropic structural distortion was observed, which was similar to, but not identical with that on cooling. At 3.8 GPa, a reversible isosymmetric first-order phase transition without hysteresis occurred. The orientation of the oxalate anions changed at the transition point by a jump, and so did the coordination of the sodium cations by oxygen atoms. Ab initio simulations based on the generalized gradient approximation of density functional theory have reproduced the main features of the structural changes in the crystals of sodium oxalate with increasing pressure. The theoretical pressure for the isosymmetric phase transition is 3.65 GPa, close to the experimental value; in agreement with experiment the transition was predicted to be reversible. Ab initio calculations gave a pronounced hysteresis for this transition, and have also predicted a further isosymmetric phase transition at 10.9 GPa, also with a hysteresis. The role of temperature in the pressure-induced phase transitions in sodium oxalate is discussed.
Determining the Control Circuitry of Redox Metabolism at the Genome-Scale

Determining how facultative anaerobic organisms sense and direct cellular responses to electron acceptor availability has been a subject of intense study. However, even in the model organism Escherichia coli, established mechanisms only explain a small fraction of the hundreds of genes that are regulated during electron acceptor shifts. Here we propose a qualitative model that accounts for the full breadth of regulated genes by detailing how two global transcription factors (TFs), ArcA and Fnr of E. coli, sense key metabolic redox ratios and act on a genome-wide basis to regulate anabolic, catabolic, and energy generation pathways. We first fill gaps in our knowledge of this transcriptional regulatory network by carrying out ChIP-chip and gene expression experiments to identify 463 regulatory events. We then interfaced this reconstructed regulatory network with a highly curated genome-scale metabolic model to show that ArcA and Fnr regulate >80% of total metabolic flux and 96% of differential gene expression across fermentative and nitrate respiratory conditions. Based on the data, we propose a feedforward with feedback trim regulatory scheme, given the extensive repression of catabolic genes by ArcA and extensive activation of chemiosmotic genes by Fnr. We further corroborated this regulatory scheme by showing a 0.71 r2 (p<1e-6) correlation between changes in metabolic flux and changes in regulatory activity across fermentative and nitrate respiratory conditions. Finally, we are able to relate the proposed model to a wealth of previously generated data by contextualizing the existing transcriptional regulatory network.
Validation of SNP Allele Frequencies Determined by Pooled Next-Generation Sequencing in Natural Populations of a Non-Model Plant Species

Sequencing of pooled samples (Pool-Seq) using next-generation sequencing technologies has become increasingly popular, because it represents a rapid and cost-effective method to determine allele frequencies for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in population pools. Validation of allele frequencies determined by Pool-Seq has been attempted using an individual genotyping approach, but these studies tend to use samples from existing model organism databases or DNA stores, and do not validate a realistic setup for sampling natural populations. Here we used pyrosequencing to validate allele frequencies determined by Pool-Seq in three natural populations of Arabidopsis halleri (Brassicaceae). The allele frequency estimates of the pooled population samples (consisting of 20 individual plant DNA samples) were determined after mapping Illumina reads to (i) the publicly available, high-quality reference genome of a closely related species (Arabidopsis thaliana) and (ii) our own de novo draft genome assembly of A. halleri. We then pyrosequenced nine selected SNPs using the same individuals from each population, resulting in a total of 540 samples. Our results show a highly significant and accurate relationship between pooled and individually determined allele frequencies, irrespective of the reference genome used. Allele frequencies differed on average by less than 4%. There was no tendency that either the Pool-Seq or the individual-based approach resulted in higher or lower estimates of allele frequencies. Moreover, the rather high coverage in the mapping to the two reference genomes, ranging from 55 to 284x, had no significant effect on the accuracy of the Pool-Seq. A resampling analysis showed that only very low coverage values (below 10-20x) would substantially reduce the precision of the method. We therefore conclude that a pooled re-sequencing approach is well suited for analyses of genetic variation in natural populations.
Meaning of Work and Job Searching for Young NEETS

This research studied the relationship between the meaning of work and job search behaviors for young people who are not in education, employment, or training (neets). Its main objective was to understand whether these dimensions and the relationship between them explain the reasons why neets are in this condition. In total, 224 young people participated in the study and answered a personal and social questionnaire, an esat-br, job-search behaviors intensity scale and items * Daniele de Souza Paulino, Pedro F. Bendassolli, Departamento de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brasil. Correspondência a respeito deste artigo deve ser endereçada para Daniele de Souza Paulino, Av. Senador Salgado Filho, s/n, Campus Universitário, CEP 59078-970, Natal, Brasil. Correio eletrônico: paulino223@gmail.com Cómo citar este artículo: Paulino, D. S. , D. & Bendassolli, P. F. (2018). Significado do trabalho e busca de emprego para jovens nem-nem. Avances en Psicología Latinoamericana, 36(2), 373-388. doi: http://dx.doi. org/10.12804/revistas.urosario. edu.co/apl/a.5112
Secrecy gain of Gaussian wiretap codes from 2- and 3-modular lattices

Lattice coding over a Gaussian wiretap channel is considered with respect to a lattice invariant called the secrecy gain, which was introduced in [1] to characterize the confusion that a chosen lattice can cause at the eavesdropper: the higher the secrecy gain of the lattice, the more confusion. In this paper, secrecy gains of several 2- and 3-modular lattices are computed. Most are shown to have a secrecy gain larger than the best unimodular lattices can achieve.
The relationship between mental health and health-related physical fitness of university students

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between mental health and health-related physical fitness of university students. For this study, 228 university students were participated in this experiment (male 91, female 137). We tested health-related physical fitness and mental health with questionnaire. Data were analyzed using independent t-test and liner regression. In the present results, there was significant difference according to gender in mental health and health-related physical fitness. The correlation between physical fitness and mental health was also observed.