Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cosmology constraints from shear peak statistics in Dark Energy Survey Science Verification data

Shear peak statistics has gained a lot of attention recently as a practical alternative to the two-point statistics for constraining cosmological parameters. We perform a shear peak statistics analysis of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Science Verification (SV) data, using weak gravitational lensing measurements from a 139 deg² field. We measure the abundance of peaks identified in aperture mass maps, as a function of their signal-to-noise ratio, in the signal-to-noise range 0 4 would require significant corrections, which is why we do not include them in our analysis. We compare our results to the cosmological constraints from the two-point analysis on the SV field and find them to be in good agreement in both the central value and its uncertainty. We discuss prospects for future peak statistics analysis with upcoming DES data.
Evidence for MR1 Antigen Presentation to Mucosal-associated Invariant T Cells*

The novel class Ib molecule MR1 is highly conserved in mammals, particularly in its α1/α2 domains. Recent studies demonstrated that MR1 expression is required for development and expansion of a small population of T cells expressing an invariant T cell receptor (TCR) α chain called mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells. Despite these intriguing properties it has been difficult to determine whether MR1 expression and MAIT cell recognition is ligand-dependent. To address these outstanding questions, monoclonal antibodies were produced in MR1 knock-out mice immunized with recombinant MR1 protein, and a series of MR1 mutations were generated at sites previously shown to disrupt the ability of class Ia molecules to bind peptide or TCR. Here we show that 1) MR1 molecules are detected by monoclonal antibodies in either an open or folded conformation that correlates precisely with peptide-induced conformational changes in class Ia molecules, 2) only the folded MR1 conformer activated 2/2 MAIT hybridoma cells tested, 3) the pattern of MAIT cell activation by the MR1 mutants implies the MR1/TCR orientation is strikingly similar to published major histocompatibility complex/αβTCR engagements, 4) all the MR1 mutations tested and found to severely reduce surface expression of folded molecules were located in the putative ligand binding groove, and 5) certain groove mutants of MR1 that are highly expressed on the cell surface disrupt MAIT cell activation. These combined data strongly support the conclusion that MR1 has an antigen presentation function.
Teachers Organizational Commitment in Elementary School: A Study in Banjarmasin Indonesia

The objectives of the study were to analyze teachers organizational commitment for each dimension; to analyze teachers organizational commitment between excellent and low achievement schools, and to analyze teachers organizational commitment between excellent and low achievement schools in urban and suburban areas in Banjarmasin. A number of respondents were teachers from 247 elementary school in Banjarmasin. The Organizational Commitment Questionnaire (OCQ) had been used to measure the commitment of teachers. Data analysis were the means, one-way ANOVA, and two-way ANOVA.
Combining the Best of Graphical Models and ConvNets for Semantic Segmentation

We present a two-module approach to semantic segmentation that incorporates Convolutional Networks (CNNs) and Graphical Models. Graphical models are used to generate a small (5-30) set of diverse segmentations proposals, such that this set has high recall. Since the number of required proposals is so low, we can extract fairly complex features to rank them. Our complex feature of choice is a novel CNN called SegNet, which directly outputs a (coarse) semantic segmentation. Importantly, SegNet is specifically trained to optimize the corpus-level PASCAL IOU loss function. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first CNN specifically designed for semantic segmentation. This two-module approach achieves $52.5\%$ on the PASCAL 2012 segmentation challenge.
Author ' s personal copy

Endolysins (or lysins) are highly evolved enzymes produced by bacteriophage (phage for short) to digest the bacterial cell wall for phage progeny release. In Gram-positive bacteria, small quantities of purified recombinant lysin added externally results in immediate lysis causing log-fold death of the target bacterium. Lysins have been used successfully in a variety of animal models to control pathogenic antibiotic-resistant bacteria found on mucosal surfaces and infected tissues. Their specificity for the pathogen without disturbing the normal flora, the low chance of bacterial resistance, and their ability to kill colonizing pathogens on mucosal surfaces, a capacity previously unavailable, make them ideal anti-infectives in an age of mounting resistance. Here we review the current literature showing the effectiveness of these enzymes in controlling a variety of infections. © 2010 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.
Investigating uptake of N 2 O in agricultural soils using a high-precision dynamic chamber method

Abstract. Uptake (or negative flux) of nitrous oxide (N2O) in agricultural soils is a controversial issue which has proved difficult to investigate in the past due to constraints such as instrumental precision and methodological uncertainties. Using a recently developed high-precision quantum cascade laser gas analyser combined with a closed dynamic chamber, a well-defined detection limit of 4 μg N2O-N m−2 h−1 could be achieved for individual soil flux measurements. 1220 measurements of N2O flux were made from a variety of UK soils using this method, of which 115 indicated uptake by the soil (i.e. a negative flux in the micrometeorological sign convention). Only four of these apparently negative fluxes were greater than the detection limit of the method, which suggests that the vast majority of reported negative fluxes from such measurements are actually due to instrument noise. As such, we suggest that the bulk of negative N2O fluxes reported for agricultural fields are most likely due to limits in detection of a particular flux measurement methodology and not a result of microbiological activity consuming atmospheric N2O.
The Anti-Inflammatory and Vasodilating Effects of Three Selected Dietary Organic Sulfur Compounds from Allium Species

The anti-inflammatory and vasodilating effects of three selected dietary organic sulfur compounds (OSC), including diallyl disulfide (DADS), dimethyl disulfide (DMDS), and propyl disulfide (PDS), from Allium species were investigated. In the anti-inflammatory activity assay, the three OSC demonstrated significant inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX-2) in activated RAW 264.7 cells was inhibited by the three OSC, indicating that the three OSC prevented the LPS-induced inflammatory response in RAW 264.7 cells. For the vasodilative assay, the three OSC were ineffective in producing NO in SVEC4-10 cells, but they did enhance prostacyclin (PGI2) production. The expression of COX-2 in SVEC4-10 cells was activated by DADS and DMDS. Pretreatment of SVEC4-10 cells with the three OSC decreased ROS generation in H2O2-induced SVEC4-10 cells. In addition, the three OSC significantly inhibited angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE). The up-regulation of PGI2 production and COX-2 expression by DADS and DMDS and the reduction of ROS generation by DADS, DMDS, and PDS in SVEC4-10 cells contributed to the vasodilative effect of the three OSC. Collectively, these findings suggest that DADS, DMDS, and PDS are potential anti-inflammatory and vasodilative mediators.
WHO Indoor Air Quality Guidelines : Household Fuel Combustion Review 8 : Household Coal Combustion : Unique Features of Exposure to Intrinsic Toxicants and Health Effects

1 State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, China 2 Nicholas School of the Environment and Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA 3 World Health Organization, Public Health, Social and Environmental Determinants of Health, Interventions for Healthy Environments, Geneva, Switzerland 4 Department of Public Health and Policy, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK 5 Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA 6 Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California Berkeley, CA, USA
Promoting physical activity among women using wearable technology and online social connectivity: a feasibility study

Wearable physical activity (PA) tracking technology, which has the capacity to connect users’ PA data to online social networks, could address the need for cost-effective, scalable PA programs for women. It is not yet clear how to use wearable devices to maximize the effectiveness of evidence-based PA promotion techniques. There also is need to examine time-sensitive, within-person relationships between aspects of social networking and PA progress. The present study tested the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of an online PA program that employed wearable technology, an associated social network, and the assignment of program partners. Sedentary women (n = 20, MAge = 50, MBMI = 30.9 kg/m2) used wearable devices and attended one face-to-face session that introduced evidence-based PA promotion skills (e.g. goal setting). The remainder of the six-week program emphasized online communication with PA partners and other group members. Participants completed online surveys about their social contact at the end of every week. The recruitment target (set at 20) was reached after three weeks, and retention over six weeks was 100%. Objectively verified daily device wear was high (97%) and participant program ratings were favorable (e.g. M = 3.85 of 5, SD = 1.04 for “effectiveness”). Participants showed large increases in daily steps (from 3796 [SE = 478] to 8190 [SE = 516]) and daily minutes of moderate-to-vigorous PA (from 12.68 [SE = 3.15] to 24.05 [SE = 3.48]). Multilevel models revealed meaningful within-person relationships between PA and social contact (ps < .02); PA was highest at times when social contact was higher than a participant's average level. Findings support the feasibility, acceptability, and effectiveness of incorporating wearable technology and online social networking into an online PA program for women, and provide time-sensitive evidence that social networking is beneficial for PA. Consequently, larger, randomized trials of this approach are warranted.
Use of Rambach Propylene Glycol Containing Agar for identification of Salmonella spp

When grown on Rambach Propylene Glycol Containing Agar (Rambach agar), 216 of 230 (93.9%) Salmonella organisms isolated from patients and 54 of 62 (87.1%) Salmonella stock cultures produced a crimson-colored growth. Of the 14 clinical Salmonella isolates which displayed colors other than crimson, 8 were Salmonella typhi, 2 were Salmonella paratyphi A, and 4 belonged to other commonly isolated serotypes. All eight Salmonella stock cultures which failed to produce a crimson color belonged to rarely isolated serotypes. In contrast, of 83 non-Salmonella stock cultures distributed among 29 bacterial species, none produced a crimson color. These results suggest that while Rambach agar cannot preidentify S. typhi and S. paratyphi A, the medium can be used for the presumptive identification and can assist in the definitive identification of the overwhelming majority of Salmonella isolates.
Immunity Report Fc-Optimized Anti-CD 25 Depletes Tumor-Infiltrating Regulatory T Cells and Synergizes with PD-1 Blockade to Eradicate Established Tumors

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Hypocellularity in the Murine Model for Down Syndrome Ts65Dn Is Not Affected by Adult Neurogenesis

Down syndrome (DS) is caused by the presence of an extra copy of the chromosome 21 and it is the most common aneuploidy producing intellectual disability. Neural mechanisms underlying this alteration may include defects in the formation of neuronal networks, information processing and brain plasticity. The murine model for DS, Ts65Dn, presents reduced adult neurogenesis. This reduction has been suggested to underlie the hypocellularity of the hippocampus as well as the deficit in olfactory learning in the Ts65Dn mice. Similar alterations have also been observed in individuals with DS. To determine whether the impairment in adult neurogenesis is, in fact, responsible for the hypocellularity in the hippocampus and physiology of the olfactory bulb, we have analyzed cell proliferation and neuronal maturation in the two major adult neurogenic niches in the Ts656Dn mice: the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampus and the subventricular zone (SVZ). Additionally, we carried out a study to determine the survival rate and phenotypic fate of newly generated cells in both regions, injecting 5′BrdU and sacrificing the mice 21 days later, and analyzing the number and phenotype of the remaining 5′BrdU-positive cells. We observed a reduction in the number of proliferating (Ki67 positive) cells and immature (doublecortin positive) neurons in the subgranular and SVZ of Ts65Dn mice, but we did not observe changes in the number of surviving cells or in their phenotype. These data correlated with a lower number of apoptotic cells (cleaved caspase 3 positive) in Ts65Dn. We conclude that although adult Ts65Dn mice have a lower number of proliferating cells, it is compensated by a lower level of cell death. This higher survival rate in Ts65Dn produces a final number of mature cells similar to controls. Therefore, the reduction of adult neurogenesis cannot be held responsible for the neuronal hypocellularity in the hippocampus or for the olfactory learning deficit of Ts65Dn mice.
Localized High Gamma Motor Oscillations Respond to Perceived Biologic Motion

Summary: Power changes in the beta frequency range (17–25 Hz) in the human motor and premotor areas during action observation have been associated with the mirror neuron system and have been studied extensively. These changes mimic motor activity during actual motion execution, albeit reduced in strength. Recent noninvasive (EEG/magnetoencephalography) and invasive studies (electrocorticography) have shown that during actual motion, beta power changes are accompanied by highly localized changes in the high gamma band (70–100 Hz). In this study, we investigate, using 27-channel EEG in combination with a generic head model and a cortical mapping algorithm, whether such high gamma changes are also present during motion observation. Subjects were presented with a 2.7-second video of a moving hand, contrasted with a video of moving scenery of equal length. Our results show nonlateralized beta band decrease in power in response to the moving hand versus the response to the moving scenery. We also find significant increase in high gamma power. However, unlike the beta band response, increases in this band are lateralized, with a preference for the hemisphere of the dominant hand.
The Relationship between Resilience & Mental Health among a Sample of University of Nizwa Students - Sultanate of Oman

This study employs the descriptive approach to identify the relationship between resilience and mental health in light of some variables in a student sample at the University of Nisswa. The sample consisted of 1,000 students, including 403 men and (597) women. The sample random sampling. Two instruments were used: the resilience scale (Connor & Davidson , 2003) and the Arab Mental Health Scale (Abdel-Khalek, 2011). The psychometric properties of both scales were tested. To answer the study questions, the following statistics were used: Pearson correlation coefficient, t-test, one-way ANOVA Test, LSD test, and regression analysis. The results indicate a positive correlation between mental health and resilience. There was also a significant difference between female and male students in terms of resilience and mental health in favor of female students; It seems that women are more resilient and healthier than men. The study of age differences did not reveal any differences. The study also indicates that resilience has a significant impact on mental health. Finally, the results were tweaked against the limitations of the study.
Developing and Implementing a New Prison-Based Buprenorphine Treatment Program

Research suggests that buprenorphine treatment may be a promising intervention for incarcerated individuals with heroin addiction histories. However, its implementation varies from corrections-based methadone because of unique challenges regarding dosing, administration, and regulation. Describing the first randomized clinical trial of prison-initiated buprenorphine treatment in the U.S., this article focuses on how these obstacles were overcome through collaboration among correctional, treatment, and research personnel. Building on the present authors' work in developing prison-based methadone treatment, and considering the lack of experience in implementing corrections-based buprenorphine programs in the U.S., this article may serve as a guide for interested corrections officials, treatment providers, and researchers.
Dielectric behaviour of Hf-doped CaCu 3 Ti 4 0 i 2 ceramics obtained by conventional synthesis and reactive sintering

CaCu3(Ti4_xHf;c)Oi2 ceramics (JC = 0.04, 0.1 and 0.2) were prepared by conventional synthesis (CS) and through reactive sintering (RS), in which synthesis and sintering of the material take place in one single step. The microstructure and the dielectric properties of Hf-doped CCTO (CCTOHf) have been studied by XRD, FE-SEM, AFM, Raman and impedance spectroscopy (IS) in order to correlate the structure, microstructure and the electrical properties. Samples prepared by reactive sintering show slightly higher dielectric constant than those prepared by conventional synthesis in the same way than the pure CCTO. Dielectric constant and dielectric losses decrease slightly increasing Hf content. For CCTOHf ceramics with x> 0.04 for CS and x> 0.1 for RS, a secondary phase HfTi04 appears. As expected, the reactive sintering processing method allows a higher incorporation of Hf in the CCTO lattice than the conventional synthesis one.
Social learning in LEADER: Exogenous, endogenous and hybrid evaluation in rural development

This paper considers the relationship between the centralised exogenous, institutions and the embedded, endogenous institutions of rural governance in Europe through an examination the evaluation procedures of the European LEADER programme. LEADER is presented in the literature as progressive in terms of innovation and stakeholder engagement. Yet while the planning and management of LEADER embraces heterogeneity and participation, programmatic evaluation is centralised and held at arms length from delivery organisations. The paper reviews previous efforts to improve evaluation in LEADER and considers alternative strategies for evaluation, contrasting LEADER practice with participatory evaluation methodologies in the wider international context. Can evaluation in itself be valuable as a mode of social learning and hence a driver for endogenous development in rural communities in Europe? The paper concludes by examining the challenges in producing a hybrid form of evaluation which accommodates endogenous and exogenous values.
Segmental and suprasegmental properties in nonword repetition – An explorative study of the associations with nonword decoding in children with normal hearing and children with bilateral cochlear implants

Abstract This study explored nonword repetition (NWR) and nonword decoding in normal-hearing (NH) children and in children with bilateral cochlear implants (CI). Participants were 11 children, with CI, 5:0–7:11 years (M = 6.5 years), and 11 NH children, individually age-matched to the children with CI. This study fills an important gap in research, since it thoroughly describes detailed aspects of NWR and nonword decoding and their possible associations. All children were assessed after having practiced with a computer-assisted reading intervention with a phonics approach during four weeks. Results showed that NH children outperformed children with CI on the majority of aspects of NWR. The analysis of syllable number in NWR revealed that children with CI made more syllable omissions than did the NH children, and predominantly in prestressed positions. In addition, the consonant cluster analysis in NWR showed significantly more consonant omissions and substitutions in children with CI suggesting that reaching fine-grained levels of phonological processing was particularly difficult for these children. No significant difference was found for nonword-decoding accuracy between the groups, as measured by whole words correct and phonemes correct, but differences were observed regarding error patterns. In children with CI phoneme, deletions occurred significantly more often than in children with NH. The correlation analysis revealed that the ability to repeat consonant clusters in NWR had the strongest associations to nonword decoding in both groups. The absence of as frequent significant associations between NWR and nonword decoding in children with CI compared to children with NH suggest that these children partly use other decoding strategies to compensate for less precise phonological knowledge, for example, lexicalizations in nonword decoding, specifically, making a real word of a nonword.
Résumé Analyse critique de la relation entre familles et in rmières autorisées dans les centres de soins de longue durée

Même si on a beaucoup écrit sur le lien unissant les familles et les in rmières, peu d’analyses systématiques ont porté sur cette relation dyadique dans le domaine des soins de longue durée. S’inspirant d’une approche ethnographique critique, les chercheurs ont mené des entrevues individuelles approfondies auprès de 17 dyades famille-in rmière s’occupant de résidents d’un centre de soins de longue durée atteints de la maladie d’Alzheimer ou d’un trouble connexe. L’analyse des transcriptions d’entrevue et des notes d’observation révèle l’existence de quatre types de relations famille-in rmière (traditionnelle, concurrentielle, coopérative et « empreinte de sollicitude » qui mettent en évidence le rôle de l’in rmière et de la famille, les stratégies de négociation et les conséquences. En outre, on s’est rendu compte que des facteurs intrinsèques et extrinsèques venaient in uencer l’évolution de certains types de relations. Ces résultats entraînent des conséquences pour la pratique in rmière, l’élaboration de lignes directrices et la recherche au sein des centres de soins de longue durée.