Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Can Need for Affect and Sexuality Differentiate Suicide Risk in Three Community Samples

Suicide is a pressing community mental health problem, yet remains under investigated in certain vulnerable populations such as the bondage and sadomasochism (BDSM) community. As reflected by the Need for Affect (NFA), the present paper aims to test a new approach to understanding suicide risk from a Preferences in Information Processing perspective. Adult participants (n = 2,097) drawn from community, college, and BDSM community samples completed a health survey via online administration. Bivariate tests were used to identify correlates of elevated suicide risk, and logistic regression was employed to test primary hypotheses. Results yielded the following indicators of elevated suicide risk category membership: (1) female gender, (2) BDSM community membership, (3) lesbian, gay, bisexual and other sexual orientation identity minority status, (4) elevated depressive symptoms, (5) elevated NFA approach, and (6) elevated NFA Avoidance. BDSM and NFA results are largely new, and speak to the need for further a.
Turkey’s news media landscape in Twitter: Mapping interconnections among diversity

Twitter plays a substantial role in shaping the online news media landscape, which is established on the interconnections between various actors. This research conducts network analysis in Twitter with the aim to explore Turkey’s polarized news media landscape in the aftermath of the Gezi protests. The findings, based on a relational approach, are analyzed at four levels: identifying the actors, positioning the actors and examining connections among their clusters, exploring the patterns of news diffusion, and reviewing media polarization. It has been found that distinct conditions such as intermedia differences apply to each one of those levels, while polarization is evident in the network.
Promoting mental wellbeing and social inclusion through art: six month follow-up results from Open Arts Essex

Abstract Previous evaluations have demonstrated improvements in well-being and social inclusion for people with mental health difficulties after participating in Open Arts’ introductory participatory arts courses. This evaluation aimed to ascertain whether improvements are maintained long-term. Course participants completed measures of well-being and social inclusion at the beginning and end of their course and after three and six months. At initial follow-up participants rated their experience of their course, and at three and six months they reported activities taken up after attending. Scores significantly increased from baseline to first follow-up and remained significantly higher than at baseline at three and six months. End-of-course ratings were positive and most participants continued their art work. Other activities included education/training and voluntary/paid work. Further studies are needed to examine whether improvements can be attributed with confidence to arts participation, but these results add to a growing weight of evidence pointing to that conclusion.
Ultrastructural evidence that horizontal cell axon terminals are presynaptic in the human retina

The organization of the rod spherule and of the horizontal cell axon terminals within the invagination of the rod spherule in the human retina was examined in serial sections by electron microscopy. Twenty‐one rod spherules were reconstructed in this study. Axon terminal processes of type I horizontal cells consistently make one or two small punctate synapses onto each rod spherule within the invagination. In addition, these axon terminal processes make distinct synapses upon rod bipolar dendrites outside the spherule before both processes enter the invagination.
Proliferation of External Globus Pallidus-Subthalamic Nucleus Synapses following Degeneration of Midbrain Dopamine Neurons

The symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD) are related to changes in the frequency and pattern of activity in the reciprocally connected GABAergic external globus pallidus (GPe) and glutamatergic subthalamic nucleus (STN). In idiopathic and experimental PD, the GPe and STN exhibit hypoactivity and hyperactivity, respectively, and abnormal synchronous rhythmic burst firing. Following lesion of midbrain dopamine neurons, abnormal STN activity emerges slowly and intensifies gradually until it stabilizes after 2–3 weeks. Alterations in cellular/network properties may therefore underlie the expression of abnormal firing. Because the GPe powerfully regulates the frequency, pattern, and synchronization of STN activity, electrophysiological, molecular, and anatomical measures of GPe–STN transmission were compared in the STN of control and 6-hydroxydopamine-lesioned rats and mice. Following dopamine depletion: (1) the frequency (but not the amplitude) of mIPSCs increased by ∼70%; (2) the amplitude of evoked IPSCs and isoguvacine-evoked current increased by ∼60% and ∼70%, respectively; (3) mRNA encoding α1, β2, and γ2 GABAA receptor subunits increased by 15–30%; (4) the density of postsynaptic gephyrin and γ2 subunit coimmunoreactive structures increased by ∼40%, whereas the density of vesicular GABA transporter and bassoon coimmunoreactive axon terminals was unchanged; and (5) the number of ultrastructurally defined synapses per GPe–STN axon terminal doubled with no alteration in terminal/synapse size or target preference. Thus, loss of dopamine leads, through an increase in the number of synaptic connections per GPe–STN axon terminal, to substantial strengthening of the GPe–STN pathway. This adaptation may oppose hyperactivity but could also contribute to abnormal firing patterns in the parkinsonian STN.
Banking and Sovereign Risk in the Euro Area

We study the determinants of euro area sovereign bond spreads since the introduction of the euro. An aggregate risk factor is a main driver of spreads, both directly and indirectly by interacting with the size and structure of national banking sectors. When aggregate risk increases, countries with large banking sectors with low equity ratios experience greater widening in yield spreads, suggesting that financial markets perceive a larger risk that governments will have to rescue banks, increasing public debt and therefore sovereign risk. Moreover, government debt levels and forecasts of future fiscal deficits are also significant determinants of sovereign spreads.
Far-Infrared Spectroscopy of Normal Galaxies: Physical Conditions in the Interstellar Medium

The most important cooling lines of the neutral interstellar medium (ISM) lie in the far-infrared (FIR). We present measurements by the Infrared Space Observatory Long Wavelength Spectrometer of seven lines from neutral and ionized ISM of 60 normal, star-forming galaxies. The galaxy sample spans a range in properties such as morphology, FIR colors (indicating dust temperature), and FIR/blue ratios (indicating star formation activity and optical depth). In two-thirds of the galaxies in this sample, the [C II] line flux is proportional to FIR dust continuum. The other one-third show a smooth decline in L[C II]/LFIR with increasing Fν(60 μm)/Fν(100 μm) and LFIR/LB, spanning a range of a factor of more than 50. Two galaxies at the warm and active extreme of the range have L[C II]/LFIR < 2 × 10-4 (3 σ upper limit). This is due to increased positive grain charge in the warmer and more active galaxies, which leads to less efficient heating by photoelectrons from dust grains. The ratio of the two principal photodissociation region (PDR) cooling lines L[O I]/L[C II] shows a tight correlation with Fν(60 μm)/Fν(100 μm), indicating that both gas and dust temperatures increase together. We derive a theoretical scaling between [N II] (122 μm) and [C II] from ionized gas and use it to separate [C II] emission from neutral PDRs and ionized gas. Comparison of PDR models of Kaufman et al. with observed ratios of (1) L[O I]/L[C II] and (L[C II] + L[O I])/LFIR and (2) L[O I]/LFIR and Fν(60 μm)/Fν(100 μm) yields far-UV flux G0 and gas density n. The G0 and n values estimated from the two methods agree to better than a factor of 2 and 1.5, respectively, in more than half the sources. The derived G0 and n correlate with each other, and G0 increases with n as G0 ∝ nα, where α ≈ 1.4 . We interpret this correlation as arising from Strömgren sphere scalings if much of the line and continuum luminosity arises near star-forming regions. The high values of PDR surface temperature (270-900 K) and pressure (6 × 104-1.5 × 107 K cm-3) derived also support the view that a significant part of grain and gas heating in the galaxies occurs very close to star-forming regions. The differences in G0 and n from galaxy to galaxy may be due to differences in the physical properties of the star-forming clouds. Galaxies with higher G0 and n have larger and/or denser star-forming clouds.
Generalized Shuffles Related to Nijenhuis and TD-Algebras

Shuffle type products are well known in mathematics and physics. They are intimately related to Loday's dendriform algebras and were extensively used to give explicit constructions of free Rota–Baxter algebras. In the literature there exist at least two other Rota–Baxter type algebras, namely, the Nijenhuis algebra and the so-called TD-algebra. The explicit construction of the free unital commutative Nijenhuis algebra uses a modified quasi-shuffle product, called the right-shift shuffle. We show that another modification of the quasi-shuffle, the so-called left-shift shuffle, can be used to give an explicit construction of the free unital commutative TD-algebra. We explore some basic properties of TD-operators. Our construction is related to Loday's unital commutative tridendriform algebra, including the involutive case. The concept of Rota–Baxter, Nijenhuis and TD-bialgebras is introduced at the end, and we show that any commutative bialgebra provides such objects.
The Role of Mirror Neurons relative to the Core Stuttering Pathology and Compensatory Stuttering Behaviors

Persistent developmental stuttering (PDS) is generally considered a speech disorder, and is behaviorally defined as the occurrence of whole-word and part-word repetitions, prolongations, or postural fixations during at least three percent or more during speech production [1,2]. Recent research has provided consistent evidence linking the pathology with genetic and neurological origins [3-10]. Although a cure for stuttering remains elusive, research suggests that enhanced fluency is associated with the gross changes in speech-related neural processing patterns [9,10]. Neurophysiological research has emphasized the importance of motor preparaPurpose: Persistent developmental stuttering is generally considered to be a speech disorder characterized by repetitions, prolongations and postural fixations that is relatively resistant to therapy. While mainstream stuttering therapy continues to rely on behavioral speech targets, research suggests that mirror neuron networks can be activated to temporarily induce natural sounding fluent speech via exposure to second speech signals. As a consequence, the mirror neuron system model of stuttering predicts that initiating gestural primes would be equally effective at enhancing fluency whether they are produced or perceived by the speaker. This study tests this notion by measuring the effects of producing and perceiving an initiating silent oral opening oral gesture on stuttering frequency.
Middle‐Status Conformity: Theoretical Restatement and Empirical Demonstration in Two Markets1

This article aims to reestablish the long‐standing conjecture that conformity is high at the middle and low at either end of a status order. On a theoretical level, the article clarifies the basis for expecting such an inverted \documentclass{aastex} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{bm} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{pifont} \usepackage{stmaryrd} \usepackage{textcomp} \usepackage{portland,xspace} \usepackage{amsmath,amsxtra} \usepackage[OT2,OT1]{fontenc} \newcommand\cyr{ \renewcommand\rmdefault{wncyr} \renewcommand\sfdefault{wncyss} \renewcommand\encodingdefault{OT2} \normalfont \selectfont} \DeclareTextFontCommand{\textcyr}{\cyr} \pagestyle{empty} \DeclareMathSizes{10}{9}{7}{6} \begin{document} \landscape $$\textsf{U}$$\end{document} ‐shaped curve, taking care to specify key scope conditions on the social‐psychological orientations of the actors, the characteristics of the status structure, and the nature of the relevant actions. It also validates the conjecture in two settings that both meet such conditions and allow for the elimination of confounding effects: the Silicon Valley legal services market and the market for investment advice. These results inform our understanding of how an actor's status interacts with her role incumbency to produce differential conformity in settings that meet the specified scope conditions.
On the Computation of Value Correspondences

Recursive game theory provides theoretical procedures for computing the equilibrium payo sets of repeated games and the equilibrium payo corre spondences of dynamic games In this paper we propose and implement outer and inner approximation methods for value correspondences that naturally occur in the analysis of dynamic games The procedure utilizes set valued step functions We provide an application to a bilateral insurance game with storage
Efficient Subspace-Based Estimator for Localization of Multiple Incoherently Distributed Sources

In this paper, a new subspace-based algorithm for parametric estimation of angular parameters of multiple incoherently distributed sources is proposed. This approach consists of using the subspace principle without any eigendecomposition of the covariance matrix, so that it does not require the knowledge of the effective dimension of the pseudosignal subspace, and therefore the main difficulty of the existing subspace estimators can be avoided. The proposed idea relies on the use of the property of the inverse of the covariance matrix to exploit approximately the orthogonality property between column vectors of the noise-free covariance matrix and the sample pseudonoise subspace. The resulting estimator can be considered as a generalization of the Pisarenko's extended version of Capon's estimator from the case of point sources to the case of incoherently distributed sources. Theoretical expressions are derived for the variance and the bias of the proposed estimator due to finite sample effect. Compared with other known methods with comparable complexity, the proposed algorithm exhibits a better estimation performance, especially for close source separation, for large angular spread and for low signal-to-noise ratio.
Explorer COMPARING THE OBSERVABLE PROPERTIES OF DWARF GALAXIES ON AND OFF THE ANDROMEDA PLANE

The thin, extended planes of satellite galaxies detected around both the Milky Way and Andromeda are not a natural prediction of the Λ -cold dark matter paradigm. Galaxies in these distinct planes may have formed and evolved in a different way (e.g., tidally) from their off-plane neighbors. If this were the case, one would expect the on-and off-plane dwarf galaxies in Andromeda to have experienced different evolutionary histories, which should be reﬂected by the chemistries, dynamics, and star formation histories of the two populations. In this work, we present new, robust kinematic observations for two on-plane M31 dwarf spheroidal galaxies (And XVI and XVII) and compile and compare all available observational metrics for the on-and off-plane dwarfs to search for a signal that would corroborate such a hypothesis. We ﬁnd that, barring their spatial alignment, the on-and off-plane Andromeda dwarf galaxies are indistinguishable from one another, arguing against vastly different formative and evolutionary histories for these two populations.
Spatial genetic structure across a hybrid zone between European rabbit subspecies

The Iberian Peninsula is the only region in the world where the two existing subspecies of the European rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) naturally occur and hybridize. In this study we explore the relative roles of historical and contemporary processes in shaping the spatial genetic structure of the rabbit across its native distribution range, and how they differently affect each subspecies and the hybrid zone. For that purpose we obtained multilocus genotypes and mitochondrial DNA data from 771 rabbits across most of the distribution range of the European rabbit in Spain. Based on the nuclear markers we observed a hierarchical genetic structure firstly comprised by two genetic groups, largely congruent with the mitochondrial lineages and subspecies distributions (O. c. algirus and O. c. cuniculus), which were subsequently subdivided into seven genetic groups. Geographic distance alone emerged as an important factor explaining genetic differentiation across the whole range, without the need to invoke for the effect for geographical barriers. Additionally, the significantly positive spatial correlation up to a distance of only 100 km supported the idea that differentiation at a local level is of greater importance when considering the species overall genetic structure. When looking at the subspecies, northern populations of O. c. cuniculus showed more spatial genetic structure and differentiation than O. c. algirus. This could be due to local geographic barriers, limited resources, soil type and/or social behavior limiting dispersal. The hybrid zone showed similar genetic structure to the southern populations but a larger introgression from the northern lineage genome. These differences have been attributed to selection against the hybrids rather than to behavioral differences between subspecies. Ultimately, the genetic structure of the rabbit in its native distribution range is the result of an ensemble of factors, from geographical and ecological, to behavioral and molecular, that hierarchically interact through time and space.
A Study of Goal Frames Shaping Pro-Environmental Behaviour in University Students.

The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of university in shaping pro-environmental behaviour in students. ,The paper used goal-framing theory to investigate the relationship between goals and pro-environmental behaviour by comparing the responses of entry- and exit-level students. Structural equation modeling, one-way analysis of variance and other standard statistical analysis have been used to analyse the data collected through questionnaire survey in a central university offering technical education in India. ,Pro-environmental intention in students increases with a strong normative goal. The direct and indirect effects indicate hedonic goal and gain goal via normative goal leads to better pro-environmental behaviour. Higher values for normative goal in exit-level students substantiates the role of university. ,The paper provides scope to improvise and incorporate environmental practices into the habits of the students by aligning their goals and university dimensions including curriculum, campus operations, research and outreach activities. ,The results make an important contribution in establishing a sustained green culture by offering a new university paradigm.
Bayesian Modeling of Uncertainty in Ensembles of Climate Models

Projections of future climate change caused by increasing greenhouse gases depend critically on numerical climate models coupling the ocean and atmosphere (global climate models [GCMs]). However, different models differ substantially in their projections, which raises the question of how the different models can best be combined into a probability distribution of future climate change. For this analysis, we have collected both current and future projected mean temperatures produced by nine climate models for 22 regions of the earth. We also have estimates of current mean temperatures from actual observations, together with standard errors, that can be used to calibrate the climate models. We propose a Bayesian analysis that allows us to combine the different climate models into a posterior distribution of future temperature increase, for each of the 22 regions, while allowing for the different climate models to have different variances. Two versions of the analysis are proposed: a univariate analysis in which each region is analyzed separately, and a multivariate analysis in which the 22 regions are combined into an overall statistical model. A cross-validation approach is proposed to confirm the reasonableness of our Bayesian predictive distributions. The results of this analysis allow for a quantification of the uncertainty of climate model projections as a Bayesian posterior distribution, substantially extending previous approaches to uncertainty in climate models.
THE IMPACT OF INDIVIDUALISM AND COLLECTIVISM ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEADERSHIP STYLES AND ORGANIZATIONAL CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOUR

Purpose - The purpose of this research is to demonstrate the influence of leadership style on organizational citizenship behavior, as employees show individualistic or collectivistic characteristics. Methodology - 174 white-collar employees (105 males and 69 females) located in Istanbul (N=89) and Denizli (N=85) formed the sample of this study. A multidimensional questionnaire with six-point interval scale was applied to measure all substantive variables used in this study. Findings- This research revealed that OCB level in Denizli is significantly higher than the level of OCB level In Istanbul as expected. There is also relationship between some of the leadership styles and OCB. Although both individualism and collectivism have a positive and meaningful correlation with OCB, the correlation between collectivism and OCB is stronger in relation to individualism and OCB . Conclusion- The relationship between leadership style and OCB is moderated by individualism in different ways according to the city. Culture is very important and influential in organizations. It can completely affect the concepts and value perceptions of people, and as a result the leadership styles expected by the employees.
The Schizophrenic-Like Psychoses of Epilepsy [Abridged]

'All have epilepsy arising from the temporal lobe region with typical complex auras, and EEG foci to be found sometimes only in sleep-sphenoidal records. Occasional major seizures occur in sleep only. -The epileptic attacks begin some years before the psychotic symptoms, usually in the late teens and twenties. The latter often appear to begin as the epileptic fits are diminishing in frequency whether spontaneously or with drug treatment. In the earlier stages ofsome cases, major epileptic attacks, whether spontaneous or induced (as in E.C.T.) will improve the psychotic symptoms; in others they will be worse after major seizures. They include paranoid ideas which may become systematized, ideas of influence, auditory hallucinations often of a menacing quality, and occasional frank thought disorders with neologisms, condensed words and inconsequential sentences. As in thepost-ictal confusional states, a religiose colouring of the paranoid ideas is common. The affect tends to remain warm and appropriate, which is sometimes in contrast to "true" schizophrenia, nor is there typical "schizophrenic" deterioration to the empty'hebephrenic state. '