Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Computational Modeling of Word Learning: The Role of Cognitive Processes

Word learning is a significant part of child language learning: comprehending the meaning of individual words is the first step in understanding larger linguistic units such as phrases and sentences. This knowledge of word meanings also helps a child understand the relations among the words in a sentence and thus facilitates the acquisition of rules of the language (syntax). Although word learning seems effortless and simple, it is a complex process that we do not fully understand: Children start with no prior knowledge of word meanings, are not explicitly being taught, and receive highly noisy and ambiguous input. Moreover, child word learning happens simultaneously with and depends on the development of other cognitive processes such as memory, attention, and categorization. This thesis takes a multidisciplinary approach to shed light on the mechanisms underlying child word learning – acquisition of word meanings, their semantic relations, and the organization of this information to enable fast access. More specifically, I developed a computational model of word learning that is subject to the same kind of constraints on input data and processing as people. The model starts with no prior knowledge and very limited assumptions about the word learning problem: I assume that linguistic knowledge is not innate, and children learn word meanings by processing the input they receive using general cognitive mechanisms (such as memory, attention, and statistical learning). Thus, this thesis is in line with and supports the view that word learning is a result of applying domain-general cognitive abilities to the linguistic input with no need for a “special cognitive system” (e.g., Tomasello, 2005). Moreover, this assumption enables us to examine the power of the learning algorithms – what is learnable and not learnable given the data.
Front-Country Campers' Constraints, Negotiation, and Pro-Environment Behavioral Intention: An Extension to the Theory of Planned Behavior

ABSTRACT The theory of planned behavior (TPB) has been successfully tested in leisure and outdoor recreation studies over the last few decades. However, the inclusion of new predictors to improve the theory's predictive power has been encouraged. Utilizing leisure constraints approach, we extended the TPB by adding constraints to the theory. The literature also suggested that individuals employ cognitive and behavioural negotiation strategies to overcome their constraints. Therefore, the influence of negotiation through the constraints was also explored in this study. A sample of 1,009 front-country campers was analyzed to test the proposed extension to the TPB. Results of structural equation modeling confirmed a strong, negative indirect association between constraints and intention. Negotiation was positively and indirectly associated with intention. The proposed extension to the TPB was capable of capturing 84% of variation in intention. Theoretical and practical implications of these findings are discussed.
Personality and social network effects on romantic relationships: a dyadic approach

The quality of romantic relationships and their associations with both partners' personality traits and social networks were studied in 100 younger couples. The similarity of partners was modest with respect to personality traits, and moderate to large with respect to the perceived quality of the partner relationship and their social networks. While similarity in personality was unrelated to relationship quality, dyadic analyses showed that one's perceived quality of relationship was better predicted by one's own personality (i.e. actor effects) than by the personality of one's partner (i.e. partner effects). Moreover, relationship quality could to some extent be predicted by the quality of the social network once the personality traits of each partner were controlled. Results are discussed from a transactional view of personality and relationships. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
The Determinants of Individual Attitudes towards Immigration Issc Wp 2004/02 the Determinants of Individual Attitudes towards Immigration

ISSC; however the views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ISSC. All errors and omissions remain those of the author. We are grateful to Kevin Denny and Chris Minns for helpful suggestions. O'Rourke is an IRCHSS Government of Ireland Senior Fellow, and wishes to thank the Irish Research Council for the Humanities and Social Sciences for its generous financial support. The usual disclaimer applies. Abstract The paper uses a crosscountry dataset to investigate the determinants of individual attitudes towards immigration. There are three main conclusions. The first is that attitudes towards immigration are not a function of economic interests alone; rather, they also reflect nationalist sentiment among respondents. The second is that for labour market participants, standard economic theory does a good job of predicting individual attitudes towards immigration. The high-skilled are less opposed to immigration than the low-skilled, and this effect is greater in richer countries than in poorer countries, consistent with Heckscher-Ohlin theory; and in more equal countries than in more unequal ones (consistent with the Borjas theory of immigrant self-selection). On the other hand, non-economic factors are much more important in determining the attitudes of those not in the labour force.
Aliskiren improves nitric oxide bioavailability and limits atherosclerosis.

Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor- (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB)–based treatment approaches, has emerged as the cornerstone of contemporary cardiovascular risk reduction. These therapies offer robust reductions in cardiovascular mortality in patients postmyocardial infarction, those with systolic heart failure, and in high-risk patients with atherosclerosis. Furthermore, interruption of the RAS system has emerged as a critical modulator of normal and aberrant renal physiology, and interruption of RAS signaling is linked to improved renal structure and function.
Industrial Pollution Prevention : A Critical Review

“An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure. ” Trite? Maybe, but this proverb is comingtobein*as a raUying cry for U.S. environmental programs. tor of the US. EPA hae stated, “A new “w of urgency and resolve to The improve the quality of the environment has taken root in our countxy. Despite the complexity of the environmental chall-r perhaps because of i t w e are falling back on some simple and common sense ideas. One of them is pollution prevention. ” “he U.S. Congress passed the Pollution Prevention Act in October 1990. Pollution prevention is clearly a concept that wil l be of i n m i m p o r t a n c e to U. S. companies and to the public agencies that are responsible for regulating those companies. In this critical review the authore present the current state of knowledge “g pollution prevention approaches to environmental improvement, explore the a t e of development of various private and public approaches to encouraging the adoption of pollution prevention strategies, highhght selected clean technologies and clean products, and examine various technical and economic issues related to the concept of pollution prevention.
Percepción de valores culturales en trabajadores y su importancia en el desempeño en la industria maquiladora

El objetivo de esta investigacion es conocer la significancia que existe entre dimensiones pertenecientes al comportamiento organizacional desde una perspectiva de valores culturales y la percepcion de estos con respecto al desempeno laboral del trabajador. Para estos efectos se utilizo un analisis de ecuaciones estructurales tipo cuantitativo en un estudio de caso con una muestra de 194 personas que laboran en dos empresas del sector de manufactura de productos medicos. Para este estudio se definieron y estratificaron los valores culturales en tres partes: se considero la familia, religion y espiritualidad. Los hallazgos principales indican que la espiritualidad es significativa en la percepcion del propio desempeno del trabajador.
High capacity robust data hiding system based on BPCS and IWT

In this paper, an image steganography system is proposed, in which the data hiding (embedding) is realized in bit planes of subband wavelets coefficients obtained using the Integer Wavelet Transform (IWT). To increase data hiding capacity while keeping the imperceptibility of the hidden data, the replaceable IWT coefficient areas are defined by a complexity measure used in the Bit-Plane Complexity Segmentation (BPCS). The proposed system shows a high data hiding capacity (more than 2 bpp in many case), while keeping a high fidelity of stegoimage (more than 35 dB of PSNR). To make the proposed system robust enough to some distortion caused by non-ideal communication channel, we introduce an Error Control Coding to the system, which can reduce the Bit Error Rate (BER) of extracted hidden data when the stegoimage receive some channel distortion.
Geometric branched covers between generalized manifolds

We develop a theory of geometrically controlled branched covering maps between metric spaces that are generalized cohomology manifolds. Our notion extends that of maps of bounded length distortion, or BLD-maps, from Euclidean spaces. We give a construction that generalizes an extension theorem for branched covers by I. Berstein and A. Edmonds. We apply the theory and the construction to show that certain reasonable metric spaces that were shown by S. Semmes not to admit bi-Lipschitz parametrizations by a Euclidean space nevertheless admit BLD-maps into Euclidean space of same dimension. 0. Introduction It is a difficult problem to determine when a given metric space is locally bi-Lipschitz equivalent to an open subset of Euclidean space. Recall that a map f : X → Y is L-Lipschitzif | f (a)− f (b)| ≤ L|a− b| for each pair of pointsa,b ∈ X, and for someL ≥ 1 independent of the points. A homeomorphismf is L-bi-Lipschitzif both f and f −1 areL-Lipschitz. (Generally, in this paper, we use the distance notation |x − y| in every metric space.) In 1979 L. Siebenmann and D. Sullivan [ SS] noted the curious fact that there are, for eachn ≥ 5, compact puren-dimensional polyhedra that are topological manifolds but do not admit local bi-Lipschitz parametrizations. The double suspension of a homology sphere with nontrivial π1 serves as an example. After some interesting positive results due to T. Toro [ T1], [T2], Semmes exhibited a family of geometrically nice metrics onS3 for which no local bi-Lipschitz parametrizations exist (see [S4], [S3]). At this point, it is not clear if a simple geometric characterization can be found for the metric spaces that admit local bi-Lipschitz parametrizations. (Dimensionn = 2 could be special here (cf. [ S1], [DS2], [HK2]; see, however, Rem. 0.6.) DUKE MATHEMATICAL JOURNAL Vol. 113, No. 3, c ©2002 Received 17 February 2000. Revision received 29 May 2001. 2000Mathematics Subject Classification . Primary 57M12; Secondary 30C65. Heinonen’s work supported by National Science Foundation grant number DMS 9970427.
Query Expansion by Word Embedding in the Suggestion Track of CLEF 2016 Social Book Search Lab

The Social Book Search (SBS) Lab is part of CLEF 2016 lab series. This is the fourth time that the CYUT CSIE team attends the SBS track. The content of topics has changed a little bit by the organizer; therefore, we make necessary modification on our system, which is based on keyword searching and ranking by social features. This year, we design a query expansion module which is based on word2vec, a word embedding toolkit. The new module helps our system to get better performance in suggestion track.
Evaluation of Meteorological Condition During 2005 Haze Episode In Klang Valley Using Mesoscale Model MM 5

Haze pollution has become a transboundary problem to the South East Asian region, especially Malaysia, Indonesia and their adjacent countries. Meteorological condition, particularly temperature, is severely affected during the haze episode which occurred between 1 August 2005 and 15 August 2005 in Klang Valley, Malaysia. This paper reports on the use of MM5 modelling system to predict the hourly temperature distribution during the haze period. Meteorological simulation was conducted to spatially and temporally analyse the temperature distribution during haze episode in Klang Valley. Domain resolution of 27km, 9km, 3km and 1km (innermost) have been employed for this study. Urban areas in Klang Valley experience higher temperature during the haze episode simulation. Highest daily maximum temperature for each day was recorded during late afternoon. Evaluation of the model performance was also conducted with a measured data through a range of statistical measures. The model tends to under predict the temperature distribution of the simulation period. The paper discusses the spatial and temporal distribution of temperature during the haze episode in Klang Valley and also the model performance in predicting the meteorological condition of the study area. Index Term-MM5, Atmospheric Modelling, Urban meteorology, Haze
Penggunaan Media Berbasis Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi (TIK) dalam Peningkatan Kemampuan Menulis Puisi Siswa Kelas III B SDN 005 Awang Long Samarinda

Writing skills is one of the skills in language that needs to be developed and improved as a means of written communication. Writing should be done effectively and efficiently as writing is a productive and expressive activity. Improving writing skills needs to be done not only by using various approaches, strategies, and learning models, but also using appropriate and appropriate media. In this case, the teacher as a facilitator plays an important role to be able to choose the learning media in accordance with the learning ability of writing poetry. The method used in this research is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which is planned in 2 cycles. Each cycle is held in 3 meetings and carried out in accordance with the learning objectives to be achieved that is achieve learning mastery and by using media based on Information and Communication Technology (ICT). The type of this research is classroom action research and that will be the subject of research is the students of class III B SDN 005 Awang Long Samarinda with the number of students as many as 28 people. Data obtained through observation during the learning process takes place with the test at the end of the cycle, activity and motivation of students during the learning process takes place. The results of the data show the average value of student learning outcomes to the cycle. From the baseline value (initial condition value) obtained through the final test of observation done without the students is subjected to the action that is the average value of class 60, 53. From the average value of the initial condition increased in cycle I is 65.00. From cycle I to cycle II there is an increase in the activity and motivation of students, the value of learning results obtained from 65.00 to 79.10. The results showed that the use of media based on Information and Communication Technology (ICT) can improve the learning achievement of Bahasa Indonesia teaching materials to write poetry students of class III B SDN 005 Awang Long Samarinda.
Mentoring in-service chemistry teachers: acquirements as mentees

Abstract The aim of this study is to identify a group of chemistry teachers’ (mentees) acquirements of mentoring program by analyzing their reflective journals. Four mentees participated in this study and they met with their mentors once a week for eight consecutive weeks. The mentees devised lesson plans as well as activities during the mentoring sessions. After each mentoring session, the mentees were asked to reflect the process and their gains to their journals. The journals were analyzed in two stages; content analysis of the journals and the analysis of the mentees level of reflections. The analysis of the mentees’ journals showed that the mentorship program supported the mentees to improve their pedagogical content knowledge; allow them to utilize various methods, techniques, and materials in their lessons. Besides, the mentees indicated that they performed chemistry courses more effectively with the help of the acquirements from the mentoring sessions. The result of this study showed also that mentors can play key roles in supporting professional developments of teachers. It is suggested that rehearsing lesson plans before going into the classroom would make the mentoring sessions more beneficial.
Echocardiographic Markers of Elevated Pulmonary Pressure and Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction Are Associated With Exercise Intolerance in Adults and Adolescents With Homozygous Sickle Cell Anemia in the United States and United Kingdom

Background— Noninvasively assessed pulmonary pressure elevations and left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction are associated with increased mortality in adults with sickle cell disease, but their relationship to exercise intolerance has not been evaluated prospectively. Methods and Results— Echocardiography, 6-minute walk distance, hemolytic rate, and serum concentrations of ferritin and erythropoietin were evaluated in a cohort of 483 subjects with homozygous hemoglobin S in the US and UK Walk–Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension and Sickle Cell Disease with Sildenafil Therapy (Walk-PHaSST) study. Tricuspid regurgitation velocity, which reflects systolic pulmonary artery pressure, was 2.7 to <3.0 m/s (mean±SD, 2.8±0.1) in 26% of the subjects and ≥3.0 m/s (mean±SD, 3.4±0.4) in 11%. The LV lateral E/e′ ratio, which has been shown to reflect LV filling pressure in other conditions but has not been studied in sickle cell disease, was significantly higher in the groups with tricuspid regurgitation velocity ≥2.7 m/s. Increased hemolysis (P<0.0001), LV lateral E/e′ ratio (P=0.0001), blood urea nitrogen (P=0.0002), and erythropoietin (P=0.002) were independently associated with an increased tricuspid regurgitation velocity. Furthermore, female sex (P<0.0001), older age (P<0.0001), LV lateral E/e′ ratio (P=0.014), and tricuspid regurgitation velocity (P=0.019) were independent predictors of a shorter 6-minute walk distance. Conclusions— Echocardiography-estimated elevated pulmonary artery systolic pressure and LV lateral E/e′ ratio were independently associated with poor exercise capacity in a large cohort of patients with sickle cell anemia. Controlled trials investigating whether strategies to prevent or delay pulmonary hypertension and/or LV diastolic dysfunction will improve exercise capacity and long-term outcomes in sickle cell anemia should be considered. Clinical Trial Registration— URL: http://www.clinicaltrials. gov. Unique identifier: NCT00492531.
Contrasting the Amnesic Effects of Temporary Inactivation with Lesions of the Hippocampus on Context Memory

Lesions and temporary inactivation of the hippocampus (HPC) in rodents occasionally lead to discrepant amnesic effects. We directly compared and contrasted the retrograde amnesic effects that small HPC lesions (~50% damage), large HPC lesions (~80% damage), and combined dorsal and ventral HPC inactivation using the sodium channel blocker tetrodotoxin (TTX) had on contextual fear conditioning. Compared to control rats, large HPC lesions significantly reduced freezing during retention testing, a behaviour consistent with retrograde amnesia. In contrast, neither the small lesions nor the TTX inactivation significantly reduced freezing. The extent of damage was significantly and negatively correlated with retention performance (r(9) = -0.896, p < 0.001), suggesting that 70% or more of the HPC needed to be damaged to observe deficits. Importantly, TTX inactivation disrupted spatial memory in the Morris Water Task, confirming that our inactivation procedure did impair one form of HPC-dependent memory. To assess the extent of the TTX inactivation, immediate early gene expression was quantified in the HPC following the Morris Water Task. However, despite the behavioural impairment, we did not find a significant reduction in expression. We conclude that temporary inactivation of the HPC may fail to impair context fear memory because this technique does not sufficiently disrupt the HPC.
The Neural Code of Auditory Phantom Perception

Tinnitus is defined by an auditory perception in the absence of an external source of sound. This condition provides the distinctive possibility of extracting neural coding of perceptual representation. Previously, we had established that tinnitus is characterized by enhanced magnetic slow-wave activity (∼4 Hz) in perisylvian or putatively auditory regions. Because of works linking high-frequency oscillations to conscious sensory perception and positive symptoms in a variety of disorders, we examined gamma band activity during brief periods of marked enhancement of slow-wave activity. These periods were extracted from 5 min of resting spontaneous magnetoencephalography activity in 26 tinnitus and 21 control subjects. Results revealed the following, particularly within a frequency range of 50–60 Hz: (1) Both groups showed significant increases in gamma band activity after onset of slow waves. (2) Gamma is more prominent in tinnitus subjects than in controls. (3) Activity at ∼55 Hz determines the laterality of the tinnitus perception. Based on present and previous results, we have concluded that cochlear damage, or similar types of deafferentation from peripheral input, triggers reorganization in the central auditory system. This produces permanent alterations in the ongoing oscillatory dynamics at the higher layers of the auditory hierarchical stream. The change results in enhanced slow-wave activity reflecting altered corticothalamic and corticolimbic interplay. Such enhancement facilitates and sustains gamma activity as a neural code of phantom perception, in this case auditory.