Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Using narrative pedagogy: learning and practising interpretive thinking.

AIM This paper reports a hermeneutic study undertaken to explicate students' experiences in educational courses in which teachers enact Narrative Pedagogy. BACKGROUND International interest in developing and implementing discipline-specific pedagogies is becoming commonplace as teachers respond to the challenges of preparing students for contemporary practice. Lifeworld Pedagogy, developed in Scandinavia, and Narrative Pedagogy, developed in the United States of America, Canada and New Zealand, are two approaches developed from nursing research for nursing education that provide teachers with research-based alternatives to conventional pedagogy. Further research is needed, however, that addresses how new pedagogies are experienced in schools of nursing. METHOD Teachers and students from 22 schools of nursing in the United States of America were interviewed over a 4-year period between 2002 and 2005. Using interpretive phenomenology as the philosophical background and Heideggerian hermeneutics as the method, accounts from 52 participants were analysed by a research team. FINDINGS The theme Learning and Practising Interpretive Thinking reveals how reform is occurring in schools of nursing that use Narrative Pedagogy. It documents how Narrative Pedagogy helps students challenge their assumptions and think through and interpret situations they encounter from multiple perspectives. Findings suggest that by focusing teachers' and students' attention on thinking and interpreting as communal experiences, interpretive pedagogies such as Narrative Pedagogy engage teachers and students in pooling their wisdom, challenging their preconceptions, envisioning new possibilities for providing care and engaging with others to ensure patient-centred care and safety. CONCLUSION By documenting students' experiences in courses in which Narrative Pedagogy is used, this study provides teachers with research-based evidence to guide their pedagogical decisions. It extends international efforts to develop discipline-specific pedagogies and offers a practical, student-centred approach teachers can use to enhance students' thinking.
Multi agent reinforcement learning based distributed optimization of solar microgrid

We consider grid connected solar microgrid system which contains a local consumers, solar photo voltaic (PV) systems, load and battery. The consumer as an agent continuously interacts with the environment and learns to take optimal actions through a model-free Reinforcement Learning algorithm, namely Q Learning. The aim of the agent is to optimally schedule the battery to increase the utility of the battery and solar photo voltaic system and thereby aims for the long term objective of reducing the power consumption from grid. Multiple agents sense the states of environment components and make collective decisions about how to respond to randomness in load and intermittent solar power by using a Multi agent reinforcement algorithm, namely Coordinated Q Learning (CQ Learning). Each agent learns to optimize individually and contribute to global optimization. Grid power consumed when solar PV system operates individually, by using Q learning is compared with operation of many such solar PV systems in a distributed environment using CQ learning and it is proved that the grid power requirement is considerably reduced in CQ learning than in Q learning. Simulation results using real numerical data are presented for a reliability test of the system.
A family study of manic-depressive (bipolar I) disease. Is it a distinct illness separable from primary unipolar depression?

OBJECTIVE To determine whether bipolar I illness is autonomous or part of a multifactorial continuum with unipolar depression. In this study, we compare familial bipolar I illness and depression among three groups: probands with bipolar I disorder; probands with primary unipolar disorder; and controls. We also examine a continuum of severity between psychotic and nonpsychotic patients with bipolar I disorder. Considerable data suggest that bipolar I illness is distinct from unipolar illness as regards epidemiology, familial psychiatric illness, course, response to treatment, and biologic findings. METHOD Probands were separated into bipolar I and primary unipolar depressive groups. Personally interviewed family members of these patients were compared on variables of bipolar illness or schizoaffective mania and unipolar or schizoaffective depression. A personally examined control group was compared with the relatives of the two proband groups. Similar analyses were performed using data obtained by a systematic family history method. For the same familial variables, psychotic and nonpsychotic manic probands were compared. RESULTS Familial mania is more frequent in families of patients with bipolar disease than in controls or in families of patients with primary unipolar disorder. The latter two groups did not differ in amount of mania. Unipolar depressive illness or schizoaffective depression was higher in families of probands with bipolar and unipolar disorder than in controls. Probands with bipolar disease separated into those who had psychotic symptoms (including schizoaffective mania) and no psychotic symptoms did not differ from each other in risk for familial mania or depression. CONCLUSIONS Bipolar I illness is a separate illness from primary unipolar illness because of an increase in familial mania. Patients with primary unipolar disease and controls show the same amount of familial mania. Lack of an increase in familial illness according to the severity of bipolar disease is against an affective continuum.
An investigation of Iranian EFL Masters students' perceptions of plagiarism

This study examined the understanding, perceived seriousness, and prevalence rates of different forms of plagiarism among Iranian English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Masters students studying at universities in Iran where their courses were taught in English. A survey questionnaire was used. The results indicated that plagiarism was pervasive among the students, and that they had an inadequate understanding of different forms of plagiarism. Second, prevalence rates of plagiarism were negatively correlated with both perceived seriousness and understanding of plagiarism at significant levels. Third, perceived seriousness of plagiarism was a predictor of prevalence rates of plagiarism among Iranian EFL Masters students. Finally, no significant relationship was found between the understanding of plagiarism and the respondents' years of study implying that the recognition of various forms of plagiarism remains a challenging task for the students during their whole academic lives. These findings highlighted the need for instructing students in the issues related to plagiarism in order to minimise its prevalence rates.
The impact of neuroscience on society: cognitive enhancement in neuropsychiatric disorders and in healthy people

In addition to causing distress and disability to the individual, neuropsychiatric disorders are also extremely expensive to society and governments. These disorders are both common and debilitating and impact on cognition, functionality and wellbeing. Cognitive enhancing drugs, such as cholinesterase inhibitors and methylphenidate, are used to treat cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, respectively. Other cognitive enhancers include specific computerized cognitive training and devices. An example of a novel form of cognitive enhancement using the technological advancement of a game on an iPad that also acts to increase motivation is presented. Cognitive enhancing drugs, such as methylphenidate and modafinil, which were developed as treatments, are increasingly being used by healthy people. Modafinil not only affects ‘cold’ cognition, but also improves ‘hot’ cognition, such as emotion recognition and task-related motivation. The lifestyle use of ‘smart drugs' raises both safety concerns as well as ethical issues, including coercion and increasing disparity in society. As a society, we need to consider which forms of cognitive enhancement (e.g. pharmacological, exercise, lifelong learning) are acceptable and for which groups (e.g. military, doctors) under what conditions (e.g. war, shift work) and by what methods we would wish to improve and flourish.
Media Exposure through the Funnel: A Model of Multi-Stage Attribution

In this paper, we address the problem of advertising attribution by developing a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) of an individual consumer's behavior based on the concept of a conversion funnel. We apply the model to a unique dataset from the online campaign for the launch of a car. We observe that different ad formats, e.g. display and search ads, affect consumers differently based on their states in the decision process. Display ads usually have an early impact on the consumer, moving her from a disengaged state to an state in which she interacts with the campaign. On the other hand, search ads have a pronounced effect across all stages. Further, when the consumer interacts with these ads (e.g. by clicking on them), the likelihood of a conversion increases considerably. Finally, we show that attributing conversions based on the HMM provides fundamentally different insights into ad effectiveness relative to the commonly used approaches for attribution. Contrary to the common belief that display ads are not useful, our results show that display ads have a significant effect on the early stages of the conversion process. Furthermore, we show that only a fraction of online conversions are driven by online ads.
Conceptualization of a holistic brand image measure for fashion-related brands

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize the holistic nature of brand image for fashion-related products and to complete the initial stage of scale development, determining content validity, for a new brand image measure. Design/methodology/approach – The conceptualization of brand image was based on a review of academic and industry literature and analysis of qualitative data from 11 in-depth interviews. To help assess content validity, four trained judges assessed the face validity of the initial 140 items generated; 137 scale items were retained. Findings – Analysis of the interview data revealed that cognitive (mystery), emotional (intimacy) and sensory (sensuality) dimensions were important for brand image of fashion-related products. The results aligned with major themes proposed in the literature, but one additional theme (self-congruity) was uncovered. These findings support content validity of the brand image scale items. Research limitations/implications – The interviews were limi.
A Privacy-Reserved Approach for Message Forwarding in Opportunistic Networks

Opportunistic Network (OppNet) is an emerging communication paradigm, by which nodes inside forward messages through personal contact opportunities. Recently, numerous studies have focused on predicting nodes meeting to promote routing efficiency and reduce transmission delay. However, individual privacy would likely be revealed to strangers or attackers during the execution of prediction. In this paper, we construct a privacy-reserved network framework for message forwarding to guarantee both efficient communication and individual privacy in OppNets, including a security-based prediction method and an attribute-based cryptosystem. Simulation results demonstrate that, our algorithm outperforms TRSS on average delivery ratio, generally by 15% for dropping probability and data tempered probability.
Determinants of Child Morbidity and Factors Governing Utilisation of Child Health Care: Evidence from Rural India

Acute respiratory infections and diarrhoea globally identified as poising major threats to survival of children under the age of five. This is also true for India, where these two diseases have been the major causes behind infant mortality both in 1997 as well as 1998. Prevention as well as effective treatment of these diseases depend on a host of individual, household and community level behavioural factors. Our objective in this paper is to estimate the role played by such factors in determining the utilisation of formal health care to cure diarrhoea and certain respiratory illnesses plaguing young children. We have also simultaneously tried to explore the factors that explain why a child may be more prone towards contracting either of the above-mentioned two diseases. Our analysis is based on the National Family Health Survey (1998-99) data relating to 14 major Indian states. The major findings are Firstly, a woman with greater educational qualification and also higher decision-making power within the household exhibited greater willingness toward health care usage for her sick child. Secondly, formal health care is more likely to be sought for children whose mother are more aware of existing health care packages and the requisite symptoms of the diseases Thirdly, children who were reported to show signs of being severely ill, for each of the above mentioned diseases, are also the ones who have a significantly higher probability of being taken for treatment. Finally, not only the child’s nutritional intake (after adjusting for age) but also that of the mother has a strong influence on the likelihood of the child contracting these diseases.
Ganglionic eminence of the human fetal brain—new vistas

This review deals with recent findings concerning the complex functions of the ganglionic eminence (GE), which represents a conspicuous domain of the telencephalic proliferative zone and persists nearly throughout fetal life. The GE not only contains precursor neurons of the basal ganglia, it also contributes significantly to the population of interneurons in the cerebral cortex and to a population of thalamic neurons. The latter migrate through a distinct transient structure, the gangliothalamic body (GTB). The GE also represents an intermediate target for growing thalamic axons (on their way to the cerebral cortex) and cortical axons (on their way to the thalamus). In developmental neuropathology the GE plays an important role in prematurely born infants. The pathogenesis of GE bleedings is discussed with regard to the abundant expression of interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) receptors on GE cells. The consequences of such bleedings are discussed in view of cellular responses, such as the induction of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) expression in GE cells after hemorrhage. Anat Rec 267:191–195, 2002. © 2002 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Statistical Decision Making for Optimal Budget Allocation in Crowd Labeling

It has become increasingly popular to obtain machine learning labels through commercial crowdsourcing services. The crowdsourcing workers or annotators are paid for each label they provide, but the task requester usually has only a limited amount of the budget. Since the data instances have different levels of labeling difficulty and the workers have different reliability for the labeling task, it is desirable to wisely allocate the budget among all the instances and workers such that the overall labeling quality is maximized. In this paper, we formulate the budget allocation problem as a Bayesian Markov decision process (MDP), which simultaneously conducts learning and decision making. The optimal allocation policy can be obtained by using the dynamic programming (DP) recurrence. However, DP quickly becomes computationally intractable when the size of the problem increases. To solve this challenge, we propose a computationally eficient approximate policy which is called optimistic knowledge gradient. Our method applies to both pull crowdsourcing marketplaces with homogeneous workers and push marketplaces with heterogeneous workers. It can also incorporate the contextual information of instances when they are available. The experiments on both simulated and real data show that our policy achieves a higher labeling quality than other existing policies at the same budget level.
Determination of the minority carrier diffusion length in compositionally graded Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells using electron beam induced current

A method is proposed and tested which allows for the accurate determination of the carrier collection efficiency and minority carrier diffusion length in Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells using energy dependent electron beam induced current. Gallium composition gradients across the film thickness introduce quasielectric fields that are found to improve collection efficiency when they are located toward the rear of the sample. The quasielectric fields are also shown to reduce the influence of back surface recombination. The strengths and limitations of this technique are discussed and compared with external quantum efficiency measurements.
Gender and Colonialism: A Psychological Analysis of Oppression and Liberation

Acknowledgements Women, Psychology and Society: the Personal is Political Hierarchical Systems: Patriarchy and Colonialism Psychological Patterns associated with Hierarchy: Internalised Oppression Breaking Out: Processes Involved in Liberation The Personal Level: Building Strengths The Interpersonal Level: Making Connections The Political Level: Taking Action Interconnections between Personal and Social Change: Towards an Egalitarian Society References Index
(Methanolato-κO)[N′-(3-methoxy-2-oxidobenzylidene-κO 2)-4-nitrobenzohydrazidato-κ2 N′,O]oxidovanadium(V)

The title oxidovanadium(V) complex, [V(C15H11N3O5)(CH3O)O], was obtained by the reaction of 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde, 4-nitrobenzohydrazide and vanadyl sulfate in methanol. The VV atom is five-coordinated by the two O and one N donor atoms of the Schiff base ligand, one methanolate O atom and one oxido O atom, forming a distorted square-pyramidal geometry.
Endocannabinoids modulate stress‐induced suppression of hippocampal cell proliferation and activation of defensive behaviours

The endocannabinoid system has been shown to regulate both the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and emotionality. The present experiment was designed to examine whether pharmacological modulation of the endocannabinoid system would affect the suppression of hippocampal cell proliferation and increase in defensive behaviours seen following exposure to predator odour (trimethylthiazoline; TMT) stress. Rats were administered either an endocannabinoid uptake inhibitor (AM404; 2 mg/kg) or a cannabinoid CB1 receptor antagonist (AM251; 5 mg/kg) 30 min prior to exposure to TMT. Exposure to TMT reduced cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus and increased the expression of defensive burying. Administration of AM404 significantly inhibited defensive burying, and attenuated the reduction in cell proliferation in response to TMT exposure. Administration of AM251 alone significantly increased cell proliferation; however, pretreatment with AM251 prevented neither the stress‐induced suppression of cell proliferation nor the stress‐induced increase in behavioural responses. These results support previous research demonstrating that augmentation of endocannabinoid signalling can suppress stress‐responsive systems. They also suggest that endocannabinoids may play a complex role in the regulation of neurogenesis via cell proliferation in the hippocampus.
Just a Click Away: Radicalization in the Net Generation

ii Acknowledgements iii List of Figures vii 1.0 Introduction 1 2.0 Review of Literature 2.1 Defining Far-Right Extremism 9 2.2 History of Far-Right Extremism in North America 11 2.2.1 Ku Klux Klan 12 2.2.2 Militia and Patriot Movements 14 2.2.3 Christian Identity Movement 16 2.2.4 Neo-Nazis 18 2.2.5 Skinheads 20 2.3 Skinheads: Deviant Groups or Far-Right Extremists 22 2.4 The Mechanics of Online Radicalization 28 2.5 The Internet as a Tool for Extremists 32 2.6 Skinheads on the World Wide Web 36 3.0 Theoretical framework 3.1 Evil Intentions or Immaculate Radicalization 40 3.2 What Is Radicalization 41 3.2.1 Borum’s Pathway 47 3.2.2 Silber and Bhatt’s Homegrown Threat 48 3.2.3 Wiktorowicz’s Joining the Cause 49 3.2.4 Moghaddam’s Staircase to Terrorism 51 3.2.5 Sageman’s Four Prongs 54 4.0 Methodology 4.1 Research Goals 57 4.2 Methodological Choices 57
Neoarteries grown in vivo using a tissue‐engineered hyaluronan‐based scaffold

Vascular tissue engineering has emerged as a promising technology for the design of an ideal, responsive, living conduit with properties similar to that of native tissue. The missing link in tissue‐engineered blood vessels is elastin biosynthesis. Several biomaterials are currently used but few support elastin biosynthesis in a 3‐D array. In previous studies, we demonstrated that a hyaluronan‐based scaffold (HYAFF‐11™) grafted in the infrarenal rat aorta successfully guided the complete regeneration of a well‐functioning smalldiameter (2 mm) neoartery. The aim of the present study was to test the ability of HYAFF‐11 biodegradable grafts to develop into neovessels of larger size (4 mm) in a porcine model, focusing on extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling and elastin biosynthesis. HYAFF‐11 tubes (diameter 4 mm, length 5 cm) were implanted in an end‐to‐end fashion in the common carotid artery. Grafts were analyzed for patency with a Duplex scan every 15 days. ECM components were evaluated by histological and molecular biological methods. All the animals survived the observation period without complications. Intimal hyperplasia (initiating at the anastomotic site) and graft thrombosis led to 3 cases of partial or complete occlusion, as demonstrated by histological examination. There were no signs of stenoses or aneurysms in the remaining grafts. After 5 months, the biomaterial was almost completely degraded and replaced by a neoartery segment composed of mature smooth muscle cells, collagen, and elastin fibers organized in layers and was completely covered on the luminal surface by endothelial cells (vWF+). Whereas in previous small animal studies, patency rates were not optimal, those obtained in the present study using hyaluronan‐based grafts of larger size confirmed the ability of these constructs to guide the development of a well‐functioning neoartery, with the remarkable additional attribute of facilitating the formation of organized layers of elastin fibers. —Zavan, B. , Vindigni, V. , Lepidi, S. , Iacopetti, I. , Avruscio, G. , Abatangelo, G. , Cortivo, R. Neoarteries grown in vivo using a tissueengineered hyaluronan‐based scaffold. FASEB J. 22, 2853–2861 (2008)
O ct 2 00 2 1 The Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment . Is Interstellar Extinction Toward the Galactic Center Anomalous ?

Photometry of the Galactic bulge, collected during the OGLE-II microlensing search, indicates high and non-uniform interstellar extinction toward the observed fields. We use the mean I-band magnitude and V −I color of red clump stars as a tracer of interstellar extinction toward four small regions of the Galactic bulge with highly variable reddening. Similar test is performed for the most reddened region observed in the LMC. We find that while the slope of the location of red clump stars in the color-magnitude diagram (CMD) in the LMC is very similar to the slope of the reddening line following the standard extinction law (R V = 3.1), they significantly differ in the Galactic bulge CMDs. We discuss possible systematic effects that could be responsible for the observed discrepancy. Anomalous extinction toward the Galactic bulge seems to be the most natural explanation. Our data indicate that, generally, the ratio of the total to selective absorption, R VI , is much smaller toward the Galactic bulge than the standard value of 2.5. However, it varies from one line-of-sight to another. Our results nicely explain too red colors of red clump and RR Lyr stars in the Baade's window compared to the local population when dereddened with standard value of R VI .