Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Cross-language mediated priming: Effects of context and lexical relationship

We examined how linguistic context influences the nature of bilingual lexical activation. We hypothesized that in single-word context, form-related words would receive the strongest activation while, in sentence context, semantically related words would receive the strongest activation. Spanish–English bilinguals performed a semantic verification task on English target words preceded by a prime. On critical trials, the prime and target words were paired based either on a form-mediated relationship through the native language (L1), [e.g., bark (barco): BOAT] (Experiment 1) or on a semantically-mediated relationship [e.g., boat (barco): BARK] (Experiment 2). The prime word was presented either in isolation or after a sentence context. In Experiment 1 interference was observed in the single word condition only. In Experiment 2 interference was observed in both single-word and sentence contexts. The findings demonstrate that the context in which words are embedded has an impact on the type of lexical competitors that become active.
A numerical study on the impact of nonlinear interactions on the amplitude of the migrating semidiurnal tide

To quantitatively study the effects of nonlinear interactions on tide structure, a nonlinear numerical tidal model is developed, and the reliability and convergence of the adopted algorithm and coding are checked by numerical experiments. Under the same conditions as those employed by the GSWM-00 (Global Scale Wave Model 2000), our model provides the nonlinear quasi-steady solution of the migrating semidiurnal tide, which differs from the GSWM-00 result (the linear steady solution) in the MLT region, especially above 100 km. Additionally, their amplitude difference displays a remarkable month-to-month variation, and its significant magnitudes occur during the month with strong semidiurnal tide. A quantitative analysis suggests that the main cause for the amplitude difference is that the initial migrating 12-h tide will interact with the mean flow as well as the nonlinearity-excited 6-h tide, and subsequently yield a new 12-h tidal part. Furthermore, our simulations also show that the mean flow/tidal interaction will significantly alter the background wind and temperature fields. The large magnitudes of the tidal amplitude difference and the background alteration indicate that the nonlinear processes involved in tidal propagations should be comprehensively considered in the description of global atmospheric dynamics in the MLT region. The comparisons among our simulations, the GSWMs and some observations of tides suggest that the nonlinearity-induced tidal structure variation could be a possible mechanism to account for some discrepancies between the GSWMs and the observations.
AN ONLINE PORTFOLIO SELECTION ALGORITHM WITH REGRET LOGARITHMIC IN PRICE VARIATION

We present a novel efficient algorithm for portfolio selection which theoretically attains two desirable properties: Worst‐case guarantee: the algorithm is universal in the sense that it asymptotically performs almost as well as the best constant rebalanced portfolio determined in hindsight from the realized market prices. Furthermore, it attains the tightest known bounds on the regret, or the log‐wealth difference relative to the best constant rebalanced portfolio. We prove that the regret of the algorithm is bounded by O(log Q), where Q is the quadratic variation of the stock prices. This is the first improvement upon Cover's (1991) seminal work that attains a regret bound of O(log T), where T is the number of trading iterations. Average‐case guarantee: in the Geometric Brownian Motion (GBM) model of stock prices, our algorithm attains tighter regret bounds, which are provably impossible in the worst‐case. Hence, when the GBM model is a good approximation of the behavior of market, the new algorithm has an advantage over previous ones, albeit retaining worst‐case guarantees.
Locally excitatory globally inhibitory oscillator networks

A novel class of locally excitatory, globally inhibitory oscillator networks (LEGION) is proposed and investigated. The model of each oscillator corresponds to a standard relaxation oscillator with two time scales. In the network, an oscillator jumping up to its active phase rapidly recruits the oscillators stimulated by the same pattern, while preventing other oscillators from jumping up. Computer simulations demonstrate that the network rapidly achieves both synchronization within blocks of oscillators that are stimulated by connected regions and desynchronization between different blocks. This model lays a physical foundation for the oscillatory correlation theory of feature binding and may provide an effective computational framework for scene segmentation and figure/ground segregation in real time. <<ETX>>
The Short-Term Effect of Whole Body Vibration Training on Sprint Start Performance in Collegiate Athletes

Whole body vibration (WBV) is characterized by a vibratory stimulus emitted throughout the body through the use of a vibrating platform on which the subject stands. Studies have shown over 30% increases in maximal explosive strength such as maximal speed biceps curl as well as increases in maximum dynamic force such as maximal sitting bench pull as the result of vibration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of short term whole-body vibration on sprint starts among collegiate track athletes. On the first day eleven subjects were randomly assigned to either a non-vibration or vibration group for initial testing. The vibration group used whole body vibration along with their normal warm-up routine while the non-vibration group did not. Force measurements were taken where the starting blocks were placed using a force plate embedded under the track surface following the warm up. One week later the groups alternated. The results were then compared between vibration and non-vibration groups for individual athletes. The vibration protocol occurred for 60 s at 26 Hz with an amplitude of 4mm on a Galileo 2000 platform. Repeated measures analysis of the variance showed peak resultant force was 6% greater when the vibration platform was utilized prior to the start (p=0.013). Further research is needed to determine whether any meaningful differences exist in sprint start velocity as a result of WBV. There were no observed differences in the 30m sprint times.
Transcription Factor T-Bet in Atlantic Salmon: Characterization and Gene Expression in Mucosal Tissues during Aeromonas Salmonicida Infection

The T-box transcription factor T-bet is expressed in a number of hematopoietic cell types in mammals and plays an essential role in the lineage determination of Th1 T-helper cells and is considered as an essential feature for both innate and adaptive immune responses in higher vertebrates. In the present study, we have identified and characterized the full-length Atlantic salmon T-bet cDNA (3502 bp). The putative primary structure of the polypeptide deduced from the cDNA sequence contained 612 aa, which possessed a T-box DNA binding domain. Phylogenetic study and gene synteny revealed it is as a homolog to mammalian T-bet. Quantitative PCR analysis of different tissues in healthy fish showed that salmon T-bet gene was highly expressed in spleen, followed by head kidney, and was expressed in intestine, skin, and liver at lower levels. Moreover, the time-dependent expression profile of T-bet, interferon gamma (IFNγ), interleukin-22 (IL-22), and natural killer enhancement factor in mucosal tissues during water-borne infection with live Aeromonas salmonicida, indicated the involvement of T-bet in mucosal immune response in Atlantic salmon.
Normal aging and Alzheimer's disease : hippocampal and episodic memory differences

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and normal aging (NA) are characterized by structural brain changes as well as cognitive changes that appear over the lifespan. The hippocampus is an area susceptible to early atrophy in both AD and NA; however the differential causes of atrophy are not entirely clear. Hippocampal volume loss in AD is attributed to neuronal death due to underlying pathology. AD often is diagnosed years after the onset of pathology and subsequent atrophy. NA is a continuation of cognitive decline that does not become dementia. Episodic memory (EM) is processed within the hippocampus and is one of the first systems to show deficits in conjunction with both patterns of aging. This review focuses on hippocampal volume loss and EM decline in NA and AD.
Positive Feedback and Research Productivity in Science: Reopening Another Black Box

Comments and suggestions made by members of the Science, Technology and Economics Workshop at Stanford University (October 1992), the able research assistance of Phillip Lim, and the support of the Science and Society Program of the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, all are gratefully acknowledged. This revision of a paper originally presented to the conference on Innovation and Technological Change in Mastrand, Sweden, in August 1992, was undertaken during the author's tenure of a Visiting Fellowing at All Souls College, Oxford.
Musical genre classification

Musical genres are labels used to distinguish between different types or categories of musical style. The growing amount of music that is available electronically, particularly in the World Wide Web, creates an arising need for automated classification. A typical application could be plugins for music management software or some sort of tool that automatically tags audio files according to its genre. This article covers the possibilities of musical genre classification and its application to mp3files. Mainly it deals with the classification accuracies obtained by the use of different music collections using a multi layer perceptron. Moreover it discusses the similarities or differences between different genres according to a specific set of features.
The role of nonclassical Fc receptor-associated, Ag-B antigens (Ia) in rat allograft enhancement

The ability of a hyperimmune Lew anti-BN serum (HIS) to induce enhancement of (Lew/BN)F1 kidneys transplanted into Lew recipients was compared to that of the same antiserum that had been depleted of hemagglutinating anti-Ag-B antibodies by absorption with Brown-Norway (BN) RBC-absorbed sera (RAS) or platelet-absorbed sera (PAS). The RAS and PAS were as effective as the unabsorbed HIS in abrogating early rejection as assessed by renal function and promotion of long-term survival. The absorbed sera retained the capacity to block the mixed lymphocyte culture (MLC) between Lew and BN lymphocytes and to a lesser degree the MLC between Lew and BUF, WF, AUG, and ACI lymphocytes; however, strain specificity was clearly evident at high antiserum dilutions. Similarly, these absorbed sera retained the capacity to block the Fc receptor of BN lymphocytes, and this effect was completely strain specific. In contrast, hemagglutinating and cytotoxic antibodies eluted from platelets used for antiserum absorption did not react with Fc receptors as assessed by rabbit antisheep (IgG)-coated SRBC (EA) rosette formation. F(Ab')2 fragments of PAS also blocked EA rosettes. On the other hand, complement rosettes (EAC) were not inhibited by the HIS. The antibodies were therefore directed against the Fc receptor itself or a structure spatially or functionally closely related to it. Both the Fc receptors and the enhancing capacity of the antisera were strictly specific for the BN genotype. It is suggested that the anti- "Fc receptor" antibody could play an important role in the induction of enhancement by impairing host T-B collaboration as a result of its binding to graft allogeneic "Fc receptors" which appear to be analogous to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-coded Ia antigens of the mouse.
Late Type of Bronchial Response to Milk Ingestion Challenge: A Comparison of Open and Double-Blind Challenge

Background. In some asthmatics the food allergy, for example, to milk, can participate in their bronchial complaints. The role of food allergy should be confirmed definitively by food ingestion challenge performed by an open challenge with natural foods (OFICH) or by a double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC). Objectives. To investigate the diagnostic value of these techniques for confirmation of a suspected milk allergy in bronchial asthma patients. Methods. In 54 asthmatics with a positive history and/or positive skin tests for milk the 54 OFICH, and DBPCFC, were performed in combination with spirometry. Results. The 54 patients developed 39 positive late asthmatic responses (LAR) and 15 negative asthmatic responses to OFICH and 40 positive LARs and 14 negative responses to DBPCFC. The overall correlation between the OFICH and DBPCFC was statistically significant (P < 0.01). Conclusions. This study has confirmed the existence of LAR to milk ingestion performed by OFICH and DBPCFC in combination with spirometry. The results obtained by both the techniques did not differ significantly. The OFICH with natural food combined with monitoring of objective parameter(s), such as spirometry, seems to be a suitable method for detection of the food allergy in asthmatics. The DBPCFC can be performed as an additional check, if necessary.
Extended orthogonal space-time block coding scheme for asynchronous cooperative relay networks over frequency-selective channels

In this paper, we present a new robust scheme for use in asynchronous cooperative networks over frequency-selective channels through using three and four relay nodes. Based on extended orthogonal space-time block coding (EO-STBC), we have presented a direct quantized feedback approach that can achieve full cooperative diversity and array gain with unity code rate over each hop. In this scheme, we have employed orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) type pre-coding at the source node to combat multipath fading and timing errors from relay nodes by using cyclic prefix insertion for the broadcasted and relayed signals. To reduce the feedback overhead significantly we have proposed a quantized group feedback approach which can enhance the system performance. Simulation results show that the proposed scheme yields a significant improvement in bit error rate performance over the previous scheme that has been implemented over two relays and uses a very simple symbol-wise maximum-likelihood decoder.
Particle Transport in Tangled Magnetic Fields and Fermi Acceleration at Relativistic Shocks

This Letter presents a new method of Monte Carlo simulations of test particle Fermi acceleration at relativistic shocks. The particle trajectories in tangled magnetic fields are integrated out exactly from entry to exit through the shock, and the conditional probability of return as a function of ingress and egress pitch angles is constructed by Monte Carlo iteration. These upstream and downstream probability laws are then used in conjunction with the energy gain formula at shock crossing to reproduce Fermi acceleration. For pure Kolmogorov magnetic turbulence upstream and downstream, the spectral index is found to evolve smoothly from s = 2.09 ± 0.02 for mildly relativistic shocks with Lorentz factor Γs = 2 to s ≃ 2.26 ± 0.04 in the ultrarelativistic limit Γs ≫ 1. The energy gain is ~Γ at first shock crossing, and ~2 in all subsequent cycles, as anticipated by Gallant & Achterberg. The acceleration timescale is found to be as short as a fraction of Larmor time when Γs ≫ 1.
Vaginal micronized progesterone capsule versus vaginal progesterone gel for lutheal support in normoresponder IVF/ICSI-ET cycles

Objective: To compare the outcomes of luteal phase support by micronized progesteron vaginal capsule 600mg/day and progesterone vaginal gel 180mg/day in the normoresponder IVF/ICSI-ET cycles of the patients down-regulated via GnRH agonist long protocol or fixed antagonist protocol below 40 years of age. Methods: A total of 463 normoresponder cycles between January 2013 and December 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Those with a BMI>28 kg/m2, any kind of uterine, ovarian or adnexial pathology, any significant systemic, endocrine or metabolic disease or who were reported as azoospermia, were excluded from the study. The patients were grouped according to the usage of micronized progesterone vaginal capsule 600mg/day (Group 1) or progesterone vaginal gel 180mg/day (Group 2) as luteal phase support. Treatment cycle characteristics and pregnancy outcomes were compared between groups. Results: Group-I included 220 cycles and group 2 included 243 cycles. Although the MII oocyte percentage among the total number of MII oocytes was significantly higher in Group-II (77.5% and 80.2%; p=0.034), positive ß-hCG (32.3% and 21.8%; p=0.015) and clinical pregnancy (27.3% and 17.7%; p=0.018) rates were significantly higher in Group-I. No difference was observed between groups regarding the ongoing pregnancy rates (23.2% and 17.3%; p=0.143). Conclusion: Micronized progesterone vaginal capsule 600mg daily used for luteal support in the IVF/ICSI-ET cycles was observed to significantly increase the biochemical and clinical pregnancy rates compared to progesterone vaginal gel 180mg daily. However, no difference was observed between two groups regarding ongoing pregnancy rates.
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity

Open Access Debate "Is there nothing more practical than a good theory? ": Why innovations and advances in health behavior change will arise if interventions are used to test and refine theory Abstract Theoretical and practical innovations are needed if we are to advance efforts to persuade and enable people to make healthy changes in their behavior. In this paper, I propose that progress in our understanding of and ability to promote health behavior change depends upon greater interdependence in the research activities undertaken by basic and applied behavioral scientists. In particular, both theorists and interventionists need to treat a theory as a dynamic entity whose form and value rests upon it being rigorously applied, tested and refined in both the laboratory and the field. To this end, greater advantage needs to be taken of the opportunities that interventions afford for theory-testing and, moreover, the data generated by these activities need to stimulate and inform efforts to revise, refine, or reject theoretical principles.
Chinese College Students' Self Regulated Learning Strategies and Self-Efficacy Beliefs in Learning English as a Foreign Language.

Chinese college students majoring in medicine participated in this study by completing two questionnaires about their use of self-regulated learning (SRL) strategies and self-efficacy beliefs in studying English as a foreign language. Data on participants’ performance on two English written exams and one oral English test were also collected. Statistically significant relationships between the use of SRL strategies, self-efficacy beliefs, and achievement in learning English were noted, providing additional validity information for the scores from the two questionnaires developed in a previous study (Wang & Pape, 2005). Participants’ self-ratings of self-efficacy and use of SRL strategies; however, were not high. Students who read articles before reading questions had better performance on English written exams than their counterparts. Implications of the results in a Chinese English instruction context are also discussed.
Verifying the Safety of Xen Security Modules

In virtualization environment, the communication and resource sharing between virtual machines can be protected by mandatory access control mechanism to guarantee the isolation of the virtual machines. The safety of the mandatory access control framework depends on whether the security sensitive operations are protected by the security check functions completely. In this paper, we present a novel method to verify the safety of the Xen security modules framework. We implement our method on the Xen 4.01 source code and evaluate the results. While our work in this paper focuses on the verification of Xen security modules, which can be used to analyze other mandatory access control framework analogous with it as well.
Effects of Depression, Self-Esteem, and Social Support on Suicidal Ideation in College Students

Purpose: This study was done to examine whether depression, self-esteem, and social support influence suicidal ideation among college students. Methods: Using a correlation study design, participants were recruited from two universities selected by convenience sampling. Data were collected from June 1, to August 31, 2014 from the 206 participants included in the study. The data were analyzed using SPSS / Win 18.0. Results: There was a significant correlation between depression, self esteem, social support, and suicidal ideation. Suicidal ideation was negatively correlated with self-esteem (r=-.64, p＜.001) and social support (r=-.45, p＜.001), while, suicidal ideation showed a positive correlation with depression (r=.69, p＜.001). The significant predictors related to suicidal ideation were depression, self-esteem, and social support. Conclusion: Findings indicate that sensitively assessing depression in college students and efforts to reduce depression can reduce the risk of suicide. Self-esteem and social support of college students are also important resources for suicide prevention.
Runoff water quality characteristics following swine slurry application under broadcast and injected conditions

This study was conducted to measure the effects of swine slurry application method, time following slurry application, and runoff rate on selected water quality characteristics. Slurry from a commercial swine operation was broadcast or injected on field plots at a rate required to meet annual nitrogen requirements for corn. Rainfall simulation tests were conducted at five varying periods following slurry application. During each study period, three simulated rainfall events, separated by 24 h intervals, were applied for 30 min duration at an intensity of approximately 70 mm h-1. Following the third rainfall simulation event, inflow was applied at the top of the plots in four successive increments to simulate greater plot lengths. Runoff samples were collected for analyses of dissolved P (DP), particulate P, total P (TP), NO3-N, NH4-N, total N, electrical conductivity, pH, and soil loss. The DP and TP loads of 0.35 and 0.46 kg ha-1 measured for the broadcast treatment were significantly greater than the 0.13 and 0.19 kg ha-1 obtained for the injection treatment. As time following slurry application increased from 1 to 3 days to 43 to 45 days, DP, TP, and NH4-N loads decreased from 0.35 to 0.14, from 0.52 to 0.18, and from 2.17 to 0.14 kg ha-1, respectively. Runoff rate significantly affected each of the measured water quality parameters. Runoff loads of DP, TP, and NH4-N increased from 10.1 to 29.8, from 12.9 to 35.5, and from 13.9 to 25.1 g ha-1 min-1, respectively, as overland flow rate increased from 2.3 to 12.6 L min-1. Application method, time following slurry application, and runoff rate are important variables influencing water quality characteristics of runoff.
Mandarin adaptations of coda nasals in English loanwords

The paper documents and analyzes the ways in which English loanwords into Mandarin are adapted to conform to the Rhyme Harmony constraint that requires the front vs. back quality of a nonhigh vowel to agree with the coronal vs. dorsal character of a nasal coda. The principal finding is that the backness of the English vowel determines the outcome and can force a change in the place of articulation of the nasal coda. This is attributed to the phonetic salience of the vowel feature in comparison to the relative weakness of the nasal place feature. It is concluded that phonetic salience is a critical factor in loanword adaptation that can override a phonologically contrastive feature.