Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Prognostic significance of DNA ploidy pattern and nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR) in colorectal carcinoma.

AIM To investigate the prognostic significance of DNA ploidy and silver stained nucleolar organizer regions (AgNOR), as well as their relation to the histological grade and Dukes' stages of colorectal carcinomas, and the relation of tumor cells proportion in the S-phase and Dukes' stage, histologic grade, DNA ploidy, or AgNOR count. METHODS DNA flow cytometric analysis and AgNOR were performed on 94 surgically removed colorectal carcinomas. The mean AgNOR count was calculated in 200 tumor cells for each case. Survival rates and tests for significance were evaluated using the log-rank test and Cox regression model. RESULTS There were no significant correlations between the ploidy pattern, histological grade, and Dukes' stage. Diploid tumors had a significantly lower AgNOR count (median 2.5, range 2.1-7.7) than aneuploid (median 6.2, range 2.0-7.9). Dukes' C stage tumors exhibited higher AgNOR count than Dukes' A or B stages. The proportion of tumor cells in S-phase did not correlate with any other parameter. Each of these parameters failed to show any correlation with survival. After dividing the tumors into those with high (>5) and low AgNOR count (<5), no correlation was found in the latter group between AgNOR and any other studied parameters, whereas in the group with high AgNOR count correlations to Dukes' stage, DNA ploidy, and histological grade were established.Conclusions. The difference in survival between well, moderately, and poorly differentiated tumors were significant in the group with high AgNOR counts. Dukes' C stage and aneuploid tumors had the worst prognosis.
Dormancy in Tumors Factors : A Potential Mechanism of Focal Necrosis and Local Imbalance of Proangiogenic and Antiangiogenic Updated

Solid tumors produce both stimulators and inhibitors of angiogenesis. The suppression of metastases by some primary tumors has been attributed to the longer circulatory half-lives of the inhibitors. We propose that intrinsic differences in the physicochemical properties of these regulators may also explain focal suppression of angiogenesis within the primary tumor. We present a mathematical framework that describes production, diffusion, and degradation of these factors in tumor and host tissue and their effect on angiogenesis at local and distal sites. Results show focal suppression of angiogenesis, provide an explanation for tumor dormancy and focal necrosis, and predict a suppressive influence of primary tumors on angiogenesis at metastatic sites. They suggest generally that diffusible factors produced by tumors can stimulate responses in adjacent host tissue, preparing it for further tumor invasion. This study presents a new paradigm for the development of tumor necrosis and offers new insight into angiogenesis regulation and therapy. The framework established for modeling the competing effects of diffusible stimulators and inhibitors can be applied more generally to growth factors/inhibitors and other opposing factors produced in the tumor environment.
Audiovisual crossmodal cuing effects in front and rear space

The participants in the present study had to make speeded elevation discrimination responses to visual targets presented to the left or right of central fixation following the presentation of a task-irrelevant auditory cue on either the same or opposite side. In Experiment 1, the cues were presented from in front of the participants (from the same azimuthal positions as the visual targets). A standard crossmodal exogenous spatial cuing effect was observed, with participants responding significantly faster in the elevation discrimination task to visual targets when both the auditory cues and the visual targets were presented on the same side. Experiment 2 replicated the exogenous spatial cuing effect for frontal visual targets following both front and rear auditory cues. The results of Experiment 3 demonstrated that the participants had little difficulty in correctly discriminating the location from which the sounds were presented. Thus, taken together, the results of the three experiments reported here demonstrate that the exact co-location of auditory cues and visual targets is not necessary to attract spatial attention. Implications of these results for the design of real-world warning signals are discussed.
Bandwidth modelling for network-aware applications

Network-aware applications attempt to adjust their resource demands in response to changes in resource availability, e.g., if a server maintains a connection to a client, the server may want to adjust the amount of data sent to the client based on the effective bandwidth realized for the connection. Information about current and future network performance is therefore crucial for an adaptive application. This paper discusses three aspects of the coupling of applications and networks: (1) a network-aware application needs timely information about the status of the network; (2) a simple bandwidth estimation technique per forms reasonably well for TCP-Reno connections without timeouts; (3) enhancements proposed to TCP-Reno to reduce the number of timeouts (i.e., SACKs and its variants) increase the bandwidth but also improve the accuracy of bandwidth estimators developed by other researchers. The empirical observations reported in this paper are based on an in-vivo experiment in the Internet. Over a 6-month period, we logged the micro dynamics of random connections between a set of selected hosts. These results are encouraging for the developer of a network-aware application since they provide evidence that a simple widening of the interface between applications and network (protocol) may provide the information that allows an application to successfully adapt to changes in resource availability.
The Mechanisms of Maize Resistance to Fusarium verticillioides by Comprehensive Analysis of RNA-seq Data

Fusarium verticillioides is the most commonly reported fungal species responsible for ear rot of maize which substantially reduces grain yield. It also results in a substantial accumulation of mycotoxins that give rise to toxic response when ingested by animals and humans. For inefficient control by chemical and agronomic measures, it thus becomes more desirable to select more resistant varieties. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the infection process remain poorly understood, which hampers the application of quantitative resistance in breeding programs. Here, we reveal the disease-resistance mechanism of the maize inbred line of BT-1 which displays high resistance to ear rot using RNA high throughput sequencing. By analyzing RNA-seq data from the BT-1 kernels before and after F. verticillioides inoculation, we found that transcript levels of genes associated with key pathways are dramatically changed compared with the control treatment. Differential gene expression in ear rot resistant and susceptible maize was confirmed by RNA microarray and qRT-PCR analyses. Further investigation suggests that the small heat shock protein family, some secondary metabolites, and the signaling pathways of abscisic acid, jasmonic acid, or salicylic acids (SA) may be involved in the pathogen-associated molecular pattern-triggered immunity against F. verticillioides. These data will not only provide new insights into the molecular resistant mechanisms against fungi invading, but may also result in the identification of key molecular factors associated with ear rot resistance in maize.
Echocardiographic evaluation of right ventricular function.

To allow optimal patient management an ideal measure of right ventricular performance should give an accurate objective assessment of function, be practicable in everyday clinical use and provide accurate prognostic information. This review will provide the practising clinician with an understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of the available echocardiographic techniques and aims to give some guidance on the most useful methods in specific clinical circumstances. The use of non-echocardiographic methods will also be discussed.
Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of CYP3A4‐Mediated Drug‐Drug Interactions of Isavuconazole With Rifampin, Ketoconazole, Midazolam, and Ethinyl Estradiol/Norethindrone in Healthy Adults

This report describes the phase 1 trials that evaluated the metabolism of the novel triazole antifungal isavuconazole by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A4) and isavuconazole's effects on CYP3A4‐mediated metabolism in healthy adults. Coadministration of oral isavuconazole (100 mg once daily) with oral rifampin (600 mg once daily; CYP3A4 inducer) decreased isavuconazole area under the concentration‐time curve (AUCτ) during a dosing interval by 90% and maximum concentration (Cmax) by 75%. Conversely, coadministration of isavuconazole (200 mg single dose) with oral ketoconazole (200 mg twice daily; CYP3A4 inhibitor) increased isavuconazole AUC from time 0 to infinity (AUC0‐∞) and Cmax by 422% and 9%, respectively. Isavuconazole was coadministered (200 mg 3 times daily for 2 days, then 200 mg once daily) with single doses of oral midazolam (3 mg; CYP3A4 substrate) or ethinyl estradiol/norethindrone (35 μg/1 mg; CYP3A4 substrate). Following coadministration, AUC0‐∞ increased 103% for midazolam, 8% for ethinyl estradiol, and 16% for norethindrone; Cmax increased by 72%, 14%, and 6%, respectively. Most adverse events were mild to moderate in intensity; there were no deaths, and serious adverse events and adverse events leading to study discontinuation were rare. These results indicate that isavuconazole is a sensitive substrate and moderate inhibitor of CYP3A4.
The Impact of Learner Control on E-Learning Effectiveness: Towards a Theoretical Model

E-learning systems are changing education and organizational training considerably. With the advancement of online-based learning systems, learner control of the instructional process has emerged as a decisive factor inherent to technology-based learning. However, the conceptual work on the role of learner control in e-learning has not advanced sufficiently to predict how learner control impacts e-learning effectiveness. To extend the research on the role of learner control in e-learning, we derive a conceptual framework as a reference model, which is based on cognitive and motivational learning theories. We then apply our framework to review 58 articles on learner control during the period 1996-2013. Our findings reveal how different individual characteristics, as well as the characteristics of the course and learning environment moderate the impact of learner control on learning effectiveness. Our analysis provides new insight into the role of learner control for e-learning effectiveness, as well as directions for further research.
Mortality in people taking selegiline: observational study

Abstract Objective: To evaluate mortality among patients with Parkinson's disease receiving different treatment. Design: Cohort study based on computerised medical records. Setting: UK General Practice Research Database. Subjects: 12 621 patients aged between 35 and 90 years who had received a prescription for an antiparkinsonian drug, whether or not a diagnosis of Parkinson's disease had been recorded. Patients prescribed an antipsychotic drug before or at the same time as their first antiparkinsonian drug or before age 35 were excluded to avoid including drug-induced Parkinsonism. Main outcome measures: Death from any cause. Results: 1720 deaths occurred during 14 000 person-years of observation. There was a non-significant 11% (95% confidence interval 0% to 23%) increase in the risk of death associated with taking selegiline either alone or in combination with levodopa. The death rate was higher among younger patients (aged under 80 years) and those with a recorded diagnosis of Parkinson's disease taking selegiline alone. Conclusions: The results are compatible with a small excess mortality in people taking selegiline and suggest a larger excess in patients under 80 years of age and those with a confirmed diagnosis of Parkinson's disease taking selegiline without levodopa.
Does Situation Type Moderate the Relationship Between Maternal Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Symptoms and Observed Parenting?

Previous research has found associations between parental attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and maladaptive parenting. In contrast, some suggest a “similarity-fit hypothesis,” in which equal levels of ADHD symptoms between parents and children may be associated with a shared behavioral tempo, which may result in a better “fit. ” However, this theory has only been tested in a free-play situation (Psychogiou et al., 2008a). This study tested the “similarity-fit hypothesis” using two samples of children with ADHD and their mothers across two tasks to examine the extent situational context is associated with ineffective parenting. Mother-child dyads were observed in an unstructured free-play task and a structured homework task in two studies of parent-child interactions consisting of a total of 175 elementary-aged children with DSM-IV ADHD. A significant main effect for situation type on positive parenting and ineffective commands was found in Study 2. Mothers displayed higher rates of positive parenting and ineffective commands in the homework task compared to the free-play task. A trend-level interaction (Situation Type x Maternal ADHD symptoms) was found in Study 1. Probing the interaction revealed that higher levels of maternal ADHD symptoms predicted higher levels of ineffective commands in the homework task, but not in the free-play task. Although, our results were both consistent and inconsistent with the literature examining families where ADHD is present in children and parents, our study’s findings may contribute to the limited literature using observational measures to examine associations between maternal ADHD symptoms and parenting. Our results suggest the challenging nature of the structured homework task may tax a mother’s core symptoms of ADHD, which contrasts with the “similarity-fit hypothesis. ” Further research testing the “similarity-fit hypothesis” is needed to determine the extent situational context impacts the relationship between maternal ADHD symptoms and parenting.
Optimal Eye-Gaze Fixation Position for Face-Related Neural Responses

It is generally agreed that some features of a face, namely the eyes, are more salient than others as indexed by behavioral diagnosticity, gaze-fixation patterns and evoked-neural responses. However, because previous studies used unnatural stimuli, there is no evidence so far that the early encoding of a whole face in the human brain is based on the eyes or other facial features. To address this issue, scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) and eye gaze-fixations were recorded simultaneously in a gaze-contingent paradigm while observers viewed faces. We found that the N170 indexing the earliest face-sensitive response in the human brain was the largest when the fixation position is located around the nasion. Interestingly, for inverted faces, this optimal fixation position was more variable, but mainly clustered in the upper part of the visual field (around the mouth). These observations extend the findings of recent behavioral studies, suggesting that the early encoding of a face, as indexed by the N170, is not driven by the eyes per se, but rather arises from a general perceptual setting (upper-visual field advantage) coupled with the alignment of a face stimulus to a stored face template.
Hydrologic Simulations Driven by Satellite Rainfall to Study the Hydroelectric Development Impacts on River Flow

This study assesses the impact of hydroelectric dams on the discharge and total suspended solids (TSS) concentration in the Huong River basin in Vietnam. The analysis is based on hydrologic and sediment transport simulations by the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model driven by the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) 3B42V6 rainfall data, from January 2003 through December 2010. An upstream sub-basin not affected by the hydroelectric dams was used for model calibration. The calibration results indicate good agreement between simulated and observed daily data (0.67 Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency, 0.82 Pearson correlation coefficient). The calibrated model for discharge and TSS simulation is then applied on another major sub-basin and then the whole Huong River basin. The simulation results indicate that dam operation in 2010 decreased downstream discharge during the rainy season by about 35% and augmented it during the dry season by about 226%. The downstream TSS concentration has decreased due to the dam operation but the total sediment loading increased during the dry season and decreased during the rainy season. On average, the dam construction and operation affected the pattern of discharge more than that of the sediment loading. Results indicate that SWAT, driven by remotely sensed inputs, can reasonably simulate discharge and water quality in ungauged or poorly gauged river basins and can be very useful for water resources assessment and climate change impact studies in such basins.
A −32dBm sensitivity RF power harvester in 130nm CMOS

This paper discusses a RF power harvester optimized for sensitivity and therefore wireless range, for applications requiring intermittent communication. The RF power harvester produces a 1V output at -32dBm sensitivity and 915MHz. This is achieved using a CMOS rectifier operating in the subthreshold region and an off-chip impedance matching network for boosting the received voltage. Equations predicting the rectifier performance are presented and verified through measurements of multiple rectifiers using different transistors in a 130nm CMOS process.
PENGEMBANGAN SISTEM INFORMASI KEPEGAWAIAN PADA DINAS PERINDUSTRIAN PERDAGANGAN DAN PENGELOLAAN PASAR KABUPATEN GARUT

Permasalahan yang terjadi saat ini yaitu mengenai fitur kenaikan pangkat, kenaikan gaji berkala dan pensiun dimana saat ini pada pencarian data pegawai dan hitung tahun masih mengacu pada buku manual. Metode pengembangan sistem yang digunakan adalah metode Unified Software Development Procces. Adapun tahapan-tahapan dari metode Unified Software Development Procces dibagi menjadi beberapa bagian model atau tahapan yaitu model analisis, model perancangan, model implementasi, model development dan model pengujian. Metode Unified Software Development Procces merupakan salah satu metode pengembangan rekayasa perangkat lunak berorientasi objek yang secara konsisten beradaptasi dengan semakin besar serta semakin kopleks aplikasi/perangkat lunak yang dikembangkan. Sistem informasi kepegawaian ini menyediakan fitur-fitur yang berupa kenaikan pangkat, kenaikan gaji berkala dan pensiun. Sstem informasi kepegawaian juga menyediakan informasi untuk melakukan pencarian data pegawai dan hitung tahun. Dengan adanya system informasi kepegawaian pada dinas perindustrian, perdagangan dan pengelolaan pasar dapat membantu pengerjaan staff sub bag umum dan kepegawaian.
Construction of Heterogeneous Conjoint Choice Designs: A New Approach

Extant research on choice designs in marketing focuses on the construction of efficient homogeneous designs where all respondents get the same design. Recently marketing scholars proposed the construction of efficient heterogeneous designs where different respondents or groups of respondents get different subdesigns, and demonstrated substantial efficiency gain when such heterogeneous designs are employed. A significant hurdle in the widespread adoption of heterogeneous designs is the high computation cost, even when the number of subdesigns contained in the heterogeneous design is restricted to be small. In this paper we propose a new approach for the construction of efficient heterogeneous choice designs. In contrast to extant approaches that are based on an exact design framework where it is computationally prohibitive to do an exhaustive search to find a globally optimal design, our proposed approach is based on the continuous design framework where well-established mathematical theories can be leveraged for quick identification of a globally optimal design. The proposed approach makes it feasible to generate a highly efficient choice design that is completely heterogeneous-a unique subdesign for each individual respondent in the choice experiment. The proposed approach is the first in the marketing literature to find a completely heterogeneous choice design with assured high global design efficiency using the continuous design framework. Results from simulation and empirical studies demonstrate superior performance of the proposed approach over extant approaches in constructing efficient heterogeneous choice designs. Data, as supplemental material, are available at http://dx.doi. org/10.1287/mksc.2014. 0897 .
Deterrence-based trust in bargaining: Introducing a new experimental paradigm

ABSTRACT Trust, especially in the initial stages of trust building, is often assumed to be the result of deterrence-based trust. While theorising acknowledges its importance, research on deterrence-based trust has been scarce. To facilitate the investigation of the concept, we designed new versions of the trust game in which we studied both trust (Experiment 1) and trustworthiness (Experiment 2). To better model deterrence-based trust we extended a trust game with an additional phase where trustors could accept or reject the trustee’s distribution. We varied consequences of the rejection option as a delta bargaining game, thereby manipulating the potential for deterrence. The results showed that trustors were highly responsive to the possibility to reject the trustee’s distribution. Trustees, however, seemed largely unaffected and were generally highly trustworthy. Together these findings show how trust games can meaningfully be extended to assess the effect of deterrence-based trust in bargaining.
How does visual crowding interfere with depth discrimination

The presence of flanking targets can impair depth discrimination, presumably through a form of lateral interaction or visual crowding. This study investigates how stereoscopic crowding interferes with foveal depth discrimination when tests and flanking stimuli of different spatial configuration are located on and off the horopter in normal subjects by using psychophysical means. The magnitude of crowding increased when the flanking bars were in close spatial proximity to the test, between 1 to 2 arc min, and returned to unflanked levels for wider separations of 4 arc min and beyond. The magnitude of crowding depended on the extent to which the test and the flanking bars width matched. When flankers were placed at the optimum crowding distance (OCD) and displaced off the horopter, crowding reduced but the flanker effect was restored at greater flanker disparity. On the contrary, flankers positioned at the least crowding distance (LCD) at the onset generally showed an increase in thresholds from the fixation plane with increasing flanker disparity. Crowding was produced at similar small test- flanker separation for the range of 0.5 to 4 cpd flanker spatial frequency composition used. The magnitude of crowding was greater for test and flanker of similar spatial frequency, though some crowding was produced when their spatial frequency differed. Overall, the results confirm previous reports showing that depth discrimination thresholds increase in the presence of flanking contours, but in addition suggest that disparity integration relative to the fixation demonstrates a dichotomy of fine and coarse mechanisms driven by salience attraction. Additionally, the results show that the crowding effect can be reduced by depth cues related to the width, and disparity of flanking stimuli. The crowding effect may be attributed to the action of local disparity interactions, but suggest the involvement of Gestalt factors (for larger flanker widths) and luminance flux (for thinner flanker widths) factors.