Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Not the Years in Your Life, but the Life in Your Years: Lessons From Canadian Psychology on Living Fully

Over the past couple of decades, there has been an increasing focus on positive psychology in both the popular media and the scientific literature. Prior to this time, the predominant focus has been on what is aberrant or deficient, and how to ameliorate problems or dysfunction (i.e., a psychopathology orientation). Indeed, my own research has focused on cognitive vulnerability to depression and how we can understand and modify underlying core beliefs and cognitive structures. In this article, I deviate from my own “comfort zone” to highlight some key concepts related to understanding what makes life fulfilling and meaningful. Specific lessons from research in the areas of happiness, passion, humour styles, thinking with evidence, self-compassion, mindfulness/acceptance, taking risks, and interpersonal connectedness are reviewed. Throughout this article, I highlight how Canadian psychological science has contributed in important ways to helping us to live more fully. Depuis les deux dernières décennies, la psychologie positive occupe une place grandissante dans les médias populaires et la littérature scientifique. Avant, on insistait sur ce qui était aberrant ou déficient, et sur la façon dont on pouvait améliorer la situation problématique ou la dysfonction (à savoir, une orientation psychopathologique). En effet, ma propre recherche a été centrée sur la vulnérabilité cognitive à l’égard de la dépression et sur la façon dont nous pouvons comprendre et modifier les convictions profondes et les structures cognitives sous-jacentes. Dans cet article, je m’éloigne de ma propre « zone de confort » pour mettre en relief certains concepts clés qui sont reliés à la compréhension de ce qui permet d’avoir une vie satisfaisante et enrichissante. L’article passe en revue les leçons précises qui se dégagent de la recherche sur le bonheur, la passion, les styles d’humour, le raisonnement basé sur des preuves, l’auto-compassion, la pleine conscience et l’acceptation, la prise de risques et la connectivité interpersonnelle. Tout au cours de l’article, je mets en relief la contribution de la science psychologique au Canada à la connaissance de ce qui nous aide à profiter pleinement de la vie.
ON VAN DOUWEN SPACES AND RETRACTS OF βN

Eric van Douwen [vD93] produced a maximal crowded extremally disconnected regular space and showed that its Stone-Čech compactification is an at most two-to-one image of βN. We prove that there are non-homeomorphic such images. We also develop some related properties of spaces which are absolute retracts of βN expanding on earlier of work in [BBS94, Sim87].
A multi-channel MAC protocol with power control for multi-hop mobile ad hoc networks

In a mobile ad-hoc networks (MANET), one essential issue is medium access control (MAC) which addresses how to utilize the radio spectrum efficiently and to resolve potential contention and collision among mobile hosts on using the medium. Existing work is dedicated to using multiple channels and power control to improve the performance of MANET. We investigate the possibility of bringing the concepts of power control and multi-channel medium access together in the MAC design problem in a MANET. Existing protocols only address one of these issues independently. The proposed protocol is characterized by the following features: it follows an "on-demand" style to assign channels to mobile hosts; the number of channels required is independent of the network topology and degree; it flexibly adapts to host mobility; no form of clock synchronization is required; and power control is used to exploit frequency reuse. Power control may also extend battery life and reduce signal interference, both of which are important in wireless communication. Through simulations, we demonstrate the advantage of our new protocol.
The effect of convolving families of L‐functions on the underlying group symmetries

Let {ℱN} and {𝒢M} be families of primitive automorphic L‐functions for GLn(𝔸ℚ) and GLm(𝔸ℚ), respectively, such that, as N, M → ∞, the statistical behavior (1‐level density) of the low‐lying zeros of L‐functions in ℱN and 𝒢M agrees with that of the eigenvalues near 1 of matrices in G1 and G2, respectively, as the size of the matrices tend to infinity, where each Gi is one of the classical compact groups (unitary U, symplectic Sp, or orthogonal O, SO(even), SO(odd)). Assuming that the convolved families of L‐functions ℱN × 𝒢M are automorphic, we study their 1‐level density. (We also study convolved families of the form f × 𝒢M for a fixed f.) Under natural assumptions on the families (which hold in many cases), we can associate to each family ℒ of L‐functions a symmetry constant cℒ equal to 0, 1, or−1 if the corresponding low‐lying zero statistics agree with those of the unitary symplectic, or orthogonal group, respectively. Our main result is that cℱ×𝒢=cℱ·c𝒢: the symmetry type of the convolved family is the product of the symmetry types of the two families. A similar statement holds for the convolved families f × 𝒢M. We provide examples built from Dirichlet L‐functions and holomorphic modular forms and their symmetric powers. An interesting special case is to convolve two families of elliptic curves with positive rank. In this case the symmetry group of the convolution is independent of the ranks, in accordance with the general principle of multiplicativity of the symmetry constants (but the ranks persist, before taking the limit N, M → ∞, as lower‐order terms).
Can Opportunity Emerge From Disarray? An Examination of Exploration and Exploitation Following Star Scientist Turnover

How do the specific characteristics of a departing star influence the effects of the star’s turnover on a firm’s innovation processes? Proposing a contingency model of key employee turnover, we argue and demonstrate that the individual characteristics of a star scientist who exits a firm determine the effects of the star’s turnover for the organization. Based on a longitudinal study of star scientist turnover in the biotechnology industry (1972-2003), we show that while star turnover disrupts existing innovation routines and thus decreases exploitation, this “shock” creates opportunities for the firm to search beyond existing knowledge boundaries, thereby increasing exploration. However, these effects are moderated by the departing star’s innovative and collaborative involvement within the firm. Specifically, the results indicate that a departing star’s innovative involvement strengthens the negative effects and weakens the positive effects of the star’s turnover on exploitation and exploration in the firm, respectively. On the other hand, a departing star’s collaborative involvement within a firm strengthens the negative effect of the star’s exit on exploitation but increases the positive effect of star turnover on exploration, thereby fostering opportunities for technological renewal. We suggest therefore that the prognosis for firms losing stars may vary, and may not always be dire. Our findings indicate that the short-term and long-term value of human capital is contingent on the social mechanisms surrounding its utilization. Thus, we offer a redirection for research and extend the resource-based view and human capital theory by introducing a resource dependence perspective into this theoretical context.
Beyond the Arab Awakening: Policies and Investments for Poverty Reduction and Food Security

This report aims to inform and stimulate the debate on key policy priorities for poverty reduction and food security in light of the Arab Awakening. Its findings are based on an innovative combination of datasets and rigorous economic analysis. Results suggest that poverty and income inequality in the Arab world are likely higher than official numbers have long suggested. Given that poverty indicators seem to be misleading for many countries in the region, the report introduces a new welfare measure reflecting food insecurity risks at both national and household levels to classify Arab countries into five risk groups. Regression analyses further show that, unlike in the rest of the world, manufacturing- and service sectorâ€“led growth, rather than agriculture-led growth, is most pro-poor in Arab countries. In addition, high levels of public spending in the Arab world do not do as much to stimulate growth as in other world regions, particularly in the case of education.
UIT_Revision.final.doc Nonintentional Similarity 8/14/02 - 1 Running Head: NONINTENTIONAL SIMILARITY Nonintentional Similarity Processing

ion of metaphorical meanings (much as in the sequential categorization models discussed earlier). This conventionalization process results in the existence of alternative meanings for words that once were active metaphors (Gentner & Wolff, 1997). For example, the verb ‘boil’ now has a metaphorical meaning -‘to become emotionally agitated [like a boiling liquid]’ -as well as its literal meaning. There are also more global metaphoric systems. For example, Gentner, Imai and Boroditsky (in press; Gentner, 2001) showed that space-time metaphors are comprehended in terms of two different global systems of mappings, rather than on an individual lexical basis. In particular, there are two main spatial metaphors for time. In one, an individual moves through time (e.g., "We are approaching Christmas."). In the other, time moves toward the individual (e.g., "Christmas is approaching.") Gentner et al. showed that people are faster at processing a sequence of temporal sentences if the sentences remain in the same space time metaphor; there appears to be a processing cost for a shift from one of these metaphor systems to the other. Further, Boroditsky (2000) demonstrated that the mapping is asymmetric: people conceptualize time in terms of space. In one study, people were primed with pictures of individuals moving past objects or of objects moving on a conveyor belt past people. Then, they were given the sentence "Wednesday’s meeting has been moved forward two days," and were asked to state on what day the meeting would occur (McGlone and
An Overview of Computational Thinking

Computers and smart devices have become ubiquitous staples of our lives. Computers and computer-controlled devices are used in all industries from medicine to engineering, and textile production. One field where computers have inevitably spread into is education, and one pre-requisite of controlling computers, or increasing the level and efficiency of our control over them, is making human-computer interaction as efficient as possible. This process of efficient and effective computer use, known as “Computer-like Thinking” or “Computational Thinking”, is seen as a field with the potential to support individual and societal development in our rapidly progressing world and to provide significant economic benefits. The fundamental concepts and scope of this field have been delineated in diverse manners by different researchers. Similarly, researchers have also advanced distinct critical viewpoints towards and potential benefits of computational thinking. This study aims to first define the concept of computational thinking by referencing source literature, then analyze the aims of certain criticisms of the field, and discuss the fundamental elements of computational thinking and contemporary research on these elements.
Empathy for Animals: A Review of the Existing Literature

Empathy is often studied as it relates to humans. However, there is a increasing interest in its relationship, development and impact with non-human animals. This interest is often driven by a curiosity in empathy’s role as an internal motivator for pro-environmental behavior change. As with many internal affective responses, the link is not always directly clear but growing evidence suggests that empathy towards others can influence the likelihood of pro-environmental behaviors as they relate to individual animals and potentially their larger communities or species. A hot zone for empathy development; zoos, aquariums, museums, sanctuaries, shelters, nature centers, and other informal environmental education organizations invested in animal conservation are challenged to understand, mitigate or capitalize on the empathy development already occurring in their institutions. These organizations provide opportunities for people to develop close relationships with individual animals, a critical step in the development of empathy. Their ability to facilitate hundreds of up-close interactions between humans and animals daily establishes these organizations as important venues for the exploration of empathy towards animals and its potential impact on promoting pro-environmental behavior. In this paper, we review some of the existing literature on empathy in relation to and with non-human animals, offer a definition as it applies to all species, and discuss key components of empathy development including barriers and promoters.
Antibiotic resistance and molecular characterization of ophthalmic Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from dogs

The prevalence, virulence potential, and antibiotic resistance of ophthalmic Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (SP) isolated from dogs were examined. Sixty-seven Staphylococcus species were isolated from ophthalmic samples and surveyed for species-specific sequences in the Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG) nuclease gene (SInuc), exfoliative toxin gene for SIG (siet), and antibiotic resistance genes (blaZ and mecA). PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the pta gene was also performed. Fifty isolates were identified as SIG strains, all of which were found to be SP. The blaZ gene was detected in 42 of the 50 SP strains and mecA gene was observed in 18 of the 50 SP strains. The 50 SP strains were most susceptible to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (94%) and chlorampenicol (70%), and highly resistant to tetracycline (94%) and penicillin (92%). It was also found that 16 (88.9%) mecA-positive SP strains were resistant to oxacillin, tetracycline and penicillin. All mecA-positive SP were resistant to more than four of the eight tested antibiotics and therefore considered SP with multi-drug resistance (MDR). Our results indicate a high prevalence of antibiotic resistance genes in ophthalmic SP along with a close relationship between MDR SP strains and the mecA gene. Based on our findings, judicious administration of antibiotics to companion dogs is necessary.
The double-edged sword: the political appropriation of the concept of populism

ABSTRACT The concept of populism has been in use in political debate for over a century. Because ‘populist’ is often used in a pejorative sense today, those to whom it is applied to tend to reject it. However, a closer look at the history of the concept reveals that while its meaning may fluctuate and even be dismissed as irrelevant, its use can become a political tool. This study of the use of ‘populism’ refrains from making value judgments on the actual populist nature of certain parties or political tendencies. Instead, it analyzes uses of the concept from a historical perspective. Special emphasis is placed on politicians who chose to define themselves as populist, or accept the label imposed by others, with particular focus on the Finns Party of Finland. Such self-identified populists draw their conceptions of populism from the ever-growing field of populism research, striving to appropriate and realize what scholars have only hypothetically described as a professed ideal. A closer look at the uses of populism as a political self-identity forces us to rethink its uses as a pejorative, or as an analytical, concept.
Office of the Comptroller of the Currency Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System Joint Release Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Office of Thrift Supervision Nr 2000-61 for Immediate Release Agencies Propose Consumer Protection Rules for Insurance

jointly announced today proposed consumer protection rules for the sale of insurance products by depository institutions. The proposed rule published in today's Federal Register implements section 305 of the recently enacted Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act. Comments are due October 5. The Act directs the agencies to publish rules that apply to retail sales practices, solicitations, advertising or offers of insurance. The proposed rule applies to any depository institution or any person selling, soliciting, advertising, or offering insurance products or annuities to a consumer at an office of the institution or on behalf of the institution. The following disclosures would be required: (1) The insurance product or annuity is not a deposit or other obligation of, or guaranteed by, the depository institution or (if applicable) its affiliate; (2) The insurance product or annuity is not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other agency of the United States, the depository institution or (if applicable) its affiliate; (3) In the case of an insurance product or annuity that involves an investment risk, there is investment risk associated with the product, including the possible loss of value; and (4) The depository institution may not condition an extension of credit on the consumer's purchase of an insurance product or annuity from the depository institution or from any of its affiliates, or on the consumer's agreement not to obtain, or a prohibition on the consumer from obtaining, an insurance product or annuity from an unaffiliated entity. These disclosures must be made orally and in writing before the completion of the sale of an insurance product or annuity. The disclosures may be made electronically if the consumer-more
Self-assembling Games

We consider how cue-reading, sensory-manipulation, and signalling games may initially evolve from ritualized decisions and how more complex games may evolve from simpler games by polymerization, template transfer, and modular composition. Modular composition is a process that combines simpler games into more complex games. Template transfer, a process by which a game is appropriated to a context other than the one in which it initially evolved, is one mechanism for modular composition. And polymerization is a particularly salient example of modular composition where simpler games evolve to form more complex chains. We also consider how the evolution of new capacities by modular composition may be more efficient than evolving those capacities from basic decisions. 1. Introduction2. The Assembly of Decisions into Games: Cue-Reading, Sensory-Manipulation, and Signalling3. Polymerization4. Template Transfer5. Modular Composition6. Relative Efficiency of Template Transfer7. Discussion Introduction The Assembly of Decisions into Games: Cue-Reading, Sensory-Manipulation, and Signalling Polymerization Template Transfer Modular Composition Relative Efficiency of Template Transfer Discussion
Who desires in-group neighbors? Associations of skin tone biases and discrimination with Latinas’ segregation preferences

Although racial residential segregation and colorism, independently, strongly shape the lives of Latinas, previous studies rarely bridged both lines of research directly. This paper begins to fill this gap by examining within-group differences in perceived unfair treatment and preferences for housing segregation across Latinas of varying skin tones. Using the National Politics Survey (N = 222) and the Chicago Area Study (CAS; N = 152), cross-sectional analyses investigated the association of Latinas’ skin tones with different forms of unfair treatment. The CAS also examined preferences for Latinx in-group versus White neighbors. Findings suggested that medium-skinned Latinas perceived elevated levels of particular types of discrimination. In the CAS sample, lighter skinned Latinas were more likely to reside in predominantly White neighborhoods, while darker Latinas resided in mainly mixed-race neighborhoods. Darker Latinas also ideally preferred more Latinx in-group neighbors while lighter skinned Latinas preferred more White neighbors. Experiences of discrimination interacted with anti-Latinx sentiments (i.e., internalized racism) to predict preferences to reside near Latinx neighbors. Results implied that darker Latinas may be more motivated to remain in segregated regions while lighter Latinas may move to predominantly White neighborhoods. Implications for theory, policy, and health are discussed.
X-Ray Line-emitting Objects in XMM-Newton Observations: The Tip of the Iceberg

We present preliminary results from a novel search for X-ray line-emitting objects (XLEOs) in XMM-Newton images. Three sources have been detected in a test-run analysis of 13 XMM-Newton observations. The three objects found are most likely extremely absorbed active galactic nuclei characterized by a column density NH ~ 1024 cm-2. Their redshift has been directly determined from the X-ray data, by interpreting the detected emission line as the 6.4 keV Fe line. The measured equivalent width of the X-ray line is, in all three cases, several keV. This pilot study demonstrates the success of our search method and implies that a large sample of XLEOs can be obtained from the public XMM-Newton data archive.
Psychological functioning of adults with cystic fibrosis.

STUDY OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study is to assess the psychological profiles of adult patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and to investigate predictors of patients' psychological status. PATIENTS AND METHODS Thirty-four adults with CF completed a battery of psychological testing including the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2, Beck Depression Inventory, and State-Trait Anxiety inventory. These were compared to health status data, including pulmonary function testing and nutritional status measures. RESULTS As a group, adults with CF did not demonstrate significant levels of depression, anxiety, or other psychopathology. Results were not affected by age, sex, or severity of disease. Male gender predicted higher scores for depression and anxiety, and better lung functioning predicted less anxiety. Having a higher level of psychosocial support emerged as a strong predictor of better psychological functioning. CONCLUSIONS Overall, adults with CF report relatively healthy psychological functioning. Better lung function and a strong social support system predicted better psychological functioning, which may have implications for clinical intervention.
Optimal Unemployment Insurance with Unobservable Savings

This paper studies the optimal design of an unemployment insurance system in a repeated moral hazard environment where individual’s can save and these savings are private information. This additional source of informational assymetry requires special treatment, here I apply the method developed in Werning (2000). Contrary to existing results in the literature I find that optimal unemployment benefits are not necessarily decreasing with unemployment duration. More importantly, numerical results show, however, that the optimal schedule is increasing but extremely flat, so that constant benefits may provide an excellent approximation to the optimal UI schedule.
Reflection and noise in the low spectral state of GX 339-4

We analyze RXTE/PCA observations of GX 339{4 in the low spectral state from 1996{1997 and show that the pattern of its spectral and temporal variability is nearly identical to that of Cyg X-1. In particular, a tight correlation exists between the QPO centroid frequency and the spectral parameters. An increase of the QPO centroid frequency is accompanied with an increase of the amplitude of the reflected component and a steepening the slope of the underlying power law. Fourier frequency resolved spectral analysis showed, that the variability of the reflected component at frequencies higher than 1 10 Hz is suppressed in comparison with that of the primary emission.