Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Perceived Organizational Change and its Connection to the Work-Related Empowerment

Aim: The aim of this study is to provide a longitudinal view on factors of organizational change and their association with experienced work empowerment. Background: The hospital under investigation is a specialist one that provides care and treatment for different rheumatic conditions. Methods: All nursing staff (N= 193) was invited to take part in the survey. Data were collected in 2005 and 2006 with a structured questionnaire divided into five parts: background variables, organizational change factors, aspects of work empowerment and factors promoting and impeding empowerment. Computations were done using SPSS 11.5 for Windows. Findings: The respondents rated all the change factors in the same way during the re-structuring process and one year later. The mean ratings given to the statements were quite low (<2.5). Nurses were the professional group which was the least satisfied with the sharing of information and the least confident about the organizational changes. The lack of stress seemed to increase the participants' confidence in the organizational reform. Work-related empowerment, and promoting and impeding empowerment factors were associated with many change factors. Conclusion: To make sure that staff can experience a sense of empowerment during organizational changes, it is important that managers facilitate staff participation in the decision-making process.
Social Support and its Correlation with Loneliness and Subjective Well‐being: A Cross‐cultural Study of Older Nepalese Adults

Population aging in Nepal is a recent phenomenon, due more to demographic changes than to socio-economic development. The study had three goals: to analyze the social support exchange among elderly men and women; to discover the main sources of support in loneliness and subjective well-being in the elderly; and to study the cross-cultural differences in support among elderly Chhetri (N = 137, mean age = 69.1 [7.2] years) and Newar people (N = 195, mean age = 68.8 [7.7] years) in one ward in Kathmandu. The data were collected using face-to-face interviews. The dependent variables were loneliness and subjective well-being (SWB). The results for both ethnic Chhetri and Newar respondents show that their major support comes from their children living in the same household and their spouses. I conclude that the sources of social support and social support exchange are similar between the two castes ⁄ ethnicities and that there are no cross-cultural differences between them in terms of support for loneliness and SWB-life stability, although there are cross-cultural differences in their SWB-life satisfaction. Providing social support to friends and neighbors appears to be related to less loneliness and increased SWB in both castes ⁄ ethnicities.
Suicide rates in the world: Update.

Suicide rates in the world: Update A. Schmidtkea; B. Weinackera; A. Aptera; A. Batta; A. Bermana; U. Bille-brahea; A. Botsisa; D. De Leoa; A. Doneuxa; R. Goldneya; O. Grada; C. Haringa; K. Hawtona; H. Hjelmelanda; M. Kellehera; A. Kerkhofa; A. Leenaarsa; J. Lonnqvista; K. Michela; A. Ostamoa; E. Salander-renberga; I. Sayila; Y. Takahashia; C. Van Heeringena; A. Varnika; D. Wassermana a Adolescent Unit, Gehah Psychiatric Hospital, The Beilinson Medical Center, Tel-Aviv University Medical School, PO Box 120, 49100 Petah, Tiqva, Israel
Examining the Impact of Teacher Perceptions of Barriers of Parental Involvement

Examining the Impact of Teacher Perceptions of Barriers to Parental Involvement by Frankie Vanzetta Johnson MA, Texas Woman’s University, 2007 BS, Texas Woman’s University, 1978 Doctoral Study Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Administrator Leadership for Teaching and Learning
When Artificial Feedback Hurts - Empirical Evidence from Community-Based Configuration Systems

Mass Customization technologies are increasingly becoming social and allow for inter-individual exchange processes such as community-based configuration systems online. But while companies foster community interactions and open their configuration systems, it is not clear (1.) how virtual interactions influence individuals' subjective product satisfaction, since their final decision may not be based on their own exclusive preferences, and (2.) how these usually anonymous feedback processes may directly affect individuals' perception of their own selves. We applied an experimental research design in a virtual community environment and provide evidence that anonymous feedback significantly influences consumers' decision behavior and that increased deviations from an initial decision negatively affects individual product satisfaction. Moreover, we revealed new theoretical and practical insight that feedback effects can directly and negatively influence individuals' perception of self-worth and that common affirmation strategies may backfire and finally result in considerably lower self-esteem and satisfaction.
Bone mass response to discontinuation of long-term hormone replacement therapy: results from the Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions (PEPI) Safety Follow-up Study.

BACKGROUND Accelerated bone loss after stopping hormone therapy (HRT) is postulated to explain the lack of hip-fracture protection conferred by former HRT use. The abbreviation HRT (traditionally standing for "hormone replacement therapy") is used herein because of its wide recognition in the field. However, the pharmacological doses of estrogens and progestins used are not truly "replacement" in nature. OBJECTIVES To determine whether women lose bone mineral density (BMD) after stopping HRT; to assess whether their rate of loss is significantly greater than that of women not undergoing HRT; and to determine whether long-term HRT is associated with continued gains in BMD. METHODS A total of 495 women who were adherent to assigned treatment in the 3-year Postmenopausal Estrogen/Progestin Interventions randomized controlled trial (PEPI-RCT) and who had an additional BMD measurement during the PEPI Safety Follow-up Study were observed for an average of 3 years during and 4 years after the PEPI-RCT. RESULTS Women who stopped HRT after 1 year during the PEPI-RCT had annual rates of BMD change of -0.54% (hip) and -0.81% (spine) during the following 2 years. Those who underwent HRT for 3 years during the PEPI-RCT and then discontinued it had annual changes of -1.01% (hip) and -1.04% (spine). Rates of BMD loss among women who stopped HRT during or after the PEPI-RCT did not differ significantly from those of women who did not undergo HRT, who lost bone at a rate of approximately 1% yearly during the first year of the PEPI-RCT and about half that rate afterward. Women who continued HRT after the PEPI-RCT did not show additional BMD gains. CONCLUSIONS Our results do not support the hypothesis that bone is lost at an unusually fast rate after discontinuation of HRT, nor do they suggest that longer-term HRT leads to additional BMD gain beyond that evident after 3 years.
What, when, and how?: Questions of immediacy in anaphoric reference resolution

Abstract This paper considers the question of the immediacy of interpretation of anaphors. Two aspects of immediacy are considered: (1) immediacy in terms of the initiation of processes that might be considered as supporting resolution, and (2) immediacy in terms of achieving resolution as an outcome. The functional justification, and the logic of these aspects are considered. The bulk of the paper is a review of pertinent experimental evidence. On the basis of studies both on speech and reading comprehension, we argue that the evidence favours immediate initiation. However, it is argued that immediacy of outcome must take into account the variety of different forms of definite anaphora: proper names, full definite descriptions, and pronouns. Whereas there is good evidence for early resolution in the case of the first two, it does not hold for all cases of pronominal anaphora. Furthermore, evidence from a variety of stylistic phenomena indicate the need to disentangle carefully the semantic constraints in.
Association between irritable bowel syndrome and restless legs syndrome in the general population

This study aimed to explore the association between restless legs syndrome and irritable bowel syndrome in an epidemiological cohort. We included 3365 adults, of whom 1602 were female (age 52.5 ± 7.5 years), who had participated in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (2005–2006). The diagnosis of restless legs syndrome was based on the criteria proposed by the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group, and irritable bowel syndrome was defined according to the Rome II criteria. The prevalence of each condition was determined and their association was tested by logistic regression analysis. Age, sex, haemoglobin concentration, renal insufficiency, use of medications and depressive mood were all adjusted for. The prevalence of restless legs syndrome and irritable bowel syndrome was 4.5 and 11.1%, respectively. Irritable bowel syndrome was more prevalent in the group with restless legs syndrome (24.0 versus 10.5%, P < 0.001). Subjects with restless legs syndrome were older (54.2 ± 8.4 versus 52.4 ± 7.4, P = 0.006) and more depressive (26.7 versus 12.5%, P < 0.001), and were predominantly female (57.3 versus 47.2%, P = 0.015), had more frequent insomnia symptoms (44.0 versus 28.2%, P < 0.001), had lower haemoglobin concentration (13.7 ± 1.5 versus 14.1 ± 1.6 g dL−1P = 0.004) and higher highly sensitive C‐reactive protein (1.8 ± 5.1 versus 1.4 ± 2.9 mg dL−1, P = 0.08). The adjusted odds ratio of restless legs syndrome in relation to irritable bowel syndrome was 2.59 (1.74–3.85, P < 0.001). Irritable bowel syndrome appeared to be associated with restless legs syndrome independently from other major risk factors for restless legs syndrome. Searching for the mechanisms underlying this association is indicated.
The role of explicit instruction in the acquisition of causative/inchoative transitivity

The aim of this study was to see whether explicit instruction would help Turkish learners in their acquisition of English causative/inchoative transitivity alternations. In order to investigate the role of explicit instruction, a pre-test that consisted of a grammaticality judgment and correction task (GJCT), a preference task (PT) and a translation task (TT) was given to 53 second-year students attending Cukurova University English Language Teaching Department. After the pre-test, one of the classes served as the experimental group and the other as the control group. The experimental group received explicit instruction in the form of consciousness-raising activities while the control group was not exposed to any instruction on causative/inchoative transitivity alternations. One week after the treatment, we gave the post-test to both groups and 10 weeks after the post-test we gave the follow-up test again to both groups. At the beginning of the study, performance of the participants in both groups did not show any statistically significant difference. However, the mixed design ANOVA test revealed that performance of the participants in the experimental group differed significantly on the GJCT from that of the control group at the end of the study.
The influence of sensation seeking in the heritability of entrepreneurship

This study examined the influence of genetic factors on the tendency to engage in entrepreneurship. We found that, in the particular sample we examined, between 37 and 42 percent of the variance in the tendency of people to engage in entrepreneurship is accounted for by genetic factors. A substantial part of this variance was mediated by the psychological trait of sensation seeking, suggesting that genes affect the tendency of people to engage in entrepreneurship by affecting the distribution of sensation seeking across people.
Discours maternel et compréhension des états mentaux émotionnels et cognitifs à 3 ans

Cette etude a pour but de considerer les differences individuelles d’une part au niveau de l’environnement sociolinguistique des enfants prescolaires et d’autre part au niveau de leurs capacites a concevoir les emotions et les croyances comme des etats mentaux. 50 enfants puines (25 filles et 25 garcons) ont ete observes a deux reprises (a 36 et a 42 mois). A chaque temps, une epreuve de lecture de livres en images est utilisee pour collecter le discours maternel sur les etats mentaux, et deux epreuves de cognition sociale sont proposees aux enfants : l’une relative a l’attribution d’emotions et l’autre relative a l’attribution de croyances. Les resultats montrent une relation consistante entre les mesures du discours maternel a 36 mois et les performances des enfants a 42 mois aux epreuves de cognition sociale. Cependant, il semble exister une relation specifique entre les contenus des discours maternels portant sur les emotions et sur les cognitions et la maitrise de l’enfant dans des tâches respectivement relatives a l’attribution d’emotions et de cognitions. Ces resultats soutiennent l’hypothese d’un role majeur du processus d’enculturation et de l’experience conversationnelle dans l’elaboration d’une theorie de l’esprit chez les enfants.
‘Student experience’ surveys: some methodological considerations and an empirical investigation

The outcomes of surveys of ‘the student experience’ that are sector‐wide, such as the National Student Survey in the UK and the Course Experience Questionnaire in Australia, are of considerable significance for intending students and institutions. Whilst they may satisfy psychometric criteria, some aspects of their design have been submitted to less attention than they warrant. The use – or non‐use – of negatively stated items in, and aspects of response style following the administration of, such instruments are reviewed. An empirical study follows up some of the issues that are discussed. The article as a whole evidences grounds for both comfort and discomfort on the part of those who construct and administer such surveys.
Simulating Stakeholder Support in a Policy Process: An Application to River Management

The authors present an agent-based model representing a policy process among stakeholders of river management. For evaluating the different river management alternatives, the agent-based model is coupled to an integrated river model that describes the impacts of river management, such as flood risk, nature development, and costs. The model is applied to the case of the ongoing Dutch river management project “Grensmaas. ” The authors analyze stakeholder support and reconstruct the observed policy outcomes of the Grensmaas project over the past 15 years to provide a first validation of the model. They then assess how stakeholder support and the policy outcome might change when stakeholders would change their preference structures or take climate change into account. They argue that the main virtue of the developed modeling framework lies in its application within participatory processes, to support stakeholders to reflect on their goals and uncertainty perspectives in a social context.
Cognitive Development Versus Social Learning Approaches to studying Legal Socialization

The purpose of the present study was to compare the relative influence of social learning versus cognitive developmental factors as predictors of legal reasoning. The sample included 87 men and 132 women who lived in four residence halls. The two experimental residence halls included one in which residents ran their own judicial system and one in which the residence hall staff strictly enforced the rules. Participants reported responses on the following legal reasoning measures: the normative status that a particular behavior had for each individual, the enforcement status (the individual's willingness to accept enforcement of a rule against that behavior), and the frequency of rule-violating behaviors. The results provided stronger support for a cognitive developmental rather than a social learning explanation of normative status and enforcement status of rule-violating behaviors. Because this simple finding could mask a full explanation of legal socialization as suggested by some cognitive developmental.
Psychological Perspectives on Gender Deviance Neutralization

The gendered division of housework has interested social and behavioral scientists for half a century, starting as early as 1960 with Blood and Wolfe’s Husbands and Wives. This interest was instigated by the increased participation of women in the paid labor force and the fact that those changes did not lead to parallel changes in the division of housework. Women still do a much larger share of the housework than men do, regardless of their employment status, both in the United States (for reviews, see Bianchi & Milkie, 2010; Coltrane, 2000) and in Western Europe (for a review, see Kluwer & Mikula, 2002). Although the amount of time men invest in housework has risen over the past decades, it is not enough to compensate for women’s increased labor-force participation. It is not surprising that the fundamental question in this large area of research has consistently been, why does housework remain women’s work? Oriel Sullivan’s (2011) article ‘‘An End to Gender Display Through the Performance of Housework? ’’ in this volume provides a compelling critique of the evidence for the gender-deviance-neutralization hypothesis that posits that men and women who have nonstereotypical roles in their household, as when the husband earns less than his wife, display their gender through respectively decreasing (husbands) or increasing (wives) their contribution to housework (Brines, 1994; Bittman, England, Folbre, Sayer, & Martheson, 2003; Greenstein, 2000). Brines’s (1994) provocative
Cybersex offender risk assessment. An explorative study

Abstract This research employed post-conviction polygraph testing on first offence internet child abuse image downloaders. The study systematically addressed the different child sexual behaviours exhibited by 38 men who were convicted of possessing child pornographic materials. The results indicate that additional risk-profile data are essential for the reduction of future victimization.
Secrets of Gazelles: The Differences between High-Growth and Low-Growth Business Owned by African American Entrepreneurs

The research findings are based on a national survey of 350 African American business owners whose companies had ten to one hundred employees. Each quarter of 2002 and 2003, owners were randomly selected and interviewed. Companies were classified into three groups according to their annual employment growth over five years: gazelles (20 percent or greater rate of growth), growth-oriented firms (1 to 19 percent), and no-growth firms (less than 1 percent or negative). In comparison to no-growth firms, gazelles were more likely to market to the government sector, less likely to compete on the basis of price, more likely to serve regional and national markets, and more likely to have fewer African Americans workers. CEOs of no-growth companies were more likely to have entered business because they lost a previous job. Surprisingly, no statistically significant differences appeared in thirty-nine other variables that defined owner attributes, firm characteristics, and business strategies of gazelles and no-growth firms.
Should Courts Always Enforce What Contracting Parties Write?

We find an economic rationale for the common sense answer to the question in our title – courts (that maximize parties’ welfare under a veil of ignorance) should not always enforce what the contracting parties write. Courts can improve on the outcome that the parties would achieve without their intervention. We study a buyer-seller model with risk-neutral agents and asymmetric information. The court must decide when to uphold a contract and when to void it. The parties know their private information at the time of contracting, and this drives a wedge between ex-ante and interim-efficient contracts. In particular, if the court enforces all contracts, inefficient pooling obtains in equilibrium. By voiding some contracts the court is able to induce them to separate, and hence improve ex-ante welfare. Our results can also be interpreted as supporting the normative case for mandatory rules in contract law.
Argon versus Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty in the Treatment of Open Angle Glaucoma

Laser technology first became available in the early 1960s. Its application to the anterior chamber angle structures solely for the purpose of reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) was described in the United States by Worthen and Wickham in 1973. Krasrov described a ‘‘micropuncture’’ technique using a Q-switched ruby laser in 10 patients with chronic open angle glaucoma (OAG). A temporary IOP reduction was noted in all patients. Ticho and Zauberman used argon laser directed at filtration apparatus to improve the outflow facility of glaucomatous eyes. In 1979, Wise andWitter reported moderate IOP reduction and few complications after argon laser irradiation of the trabecular meshwork (TM) in patients with OAG. Subsequently, argon laser trabeculoplasty (ALT) has been embraced as a treatment modality in eyes with medically uncontrolled OAG. Over the years, investigators have modified their laser parameters in the hope of further maximizing therapeutic effects while minimizing adverse results. In 1995, a new approach to laser trabeculoplasty categorized by selectively targeting pigmented TM cells without producing mechanical and thermal damage to the adjacent tissue was introduced. This new treatment achieved with a wavelength of 532 nm Nd: YAG was termed selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT).
A comunicação como barreira à inclusão de alunos com deficiência visual em aulas de mecânica

O presente artigo encontra-se inserido em um estudo que busca compreender as principais barreiras para a inclusao de alunos com deficiencia visual no contexto do ensino de fisica. Focalizando aulas de mecânica, analisa as dificuldades comunicacionais entre licenciandos e discentes com deficiencia visual. Para tal, enfatiza as estruturas empirica e semântico-sensorial das linguagens utilizadas, indicando fatores geradores de dificuldades de acessibilidade as informacoes veiculadas. Recomenda, ainda, alternativas que se destinam a dar condicoes a participacao efetiva do discente com deficiencia visual no processo comunicativo. Conclui afirmando que a comunicacao representa a principal barreira a participacao efetiva de alunos com deficiencia visual em aulas de mecânica, e enfatiza a importância da criacao de canais comunicacionais adequados como condicao basica a inclusao desses alunos.
An intimal sarcoma of pulmonary artery mimicking pulmonary embolism: a case report and literature review

Pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma is a highly aggressive disease, and is most often misdiagnosed as pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE) due to the similar clinical symptoms and its rarity, which leads to the use of inappropriate treatments such as prolonged anticoagulant therapy. We reported a case of pulmonary artery intimal sarcoma in a patient who was misdiagnosed as having PTE. Pathology after surgery confirmed malignant disease. We concluded that when a patient presents with mild clinical manifestations yet with strong imaging manifestations, pulmonary artery malignancy should be suspected.