Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Long-term results of the AIEOP MH’96 childhood Hodgkin’s lymphoma trial and focus on significance of response to chemotherapy and its implication in low risk patients to avoid radiotherapy

Abstract Identify a subset of early-stage HL children (GR1) curable with limited chemotherapy+/-radiotherapy; improve outcome of intermediate (GR2) and high-risk (GR3) patients; establish impact of response to chemotherapy evaluated with conventional imaging (CI). One hundred and sixty GR1-patients received 3ABVD + involved-field (IF) low-dose (LD) (20 Gy) irradiation if mediastinal mass or partial response (PR) after chemotherapy. Eighty-five GR2- and 315 GR3-patients received 4 and 6 COPP/ABV + IFRT, respectively. The 63 GR1 patients spared from radiotherapy had 15-year survival and EFS of 100 and 84.5%, respectively. The GR2 and GR3 15-year FFP were 84.7 and 78.6%, respectively. No different prognosis for patients in CR or PR evaluated during and after chemotherapy was observed. In conclusion, low-risk patients in CR may be successfully treated with radiation-free, low-intensity chemotherapy. Good, but less satisfactory, results were registered in GR2 and GR3. Response evaluated with CI is not a prognostic factor, but permits identification of low-risk patients who can avoid radiotherapy.
Financial reporting on the Internet by leading UK companies

This paper examines the extent of financial information disclosure on the Internet by the largest companies in the UK in 1998. Companies were surveyed to establish whether they had a website and if so whether financial information was available. We also investigated whether that information was in summary form or whether the full annual report was available. This study finds a statistically significant positive relationship between the size of a company and the use and extent of disclosure on the Internet. There was no significant association between industry type and disclosure.
Development Strategies in Semi-Industrial Economies

This study endeavors to quantify the systems of incentives applied in six semi-industrial developing economies and to indicate the effects of these systems on resource allocation, international trade, and economic growth. The effects of the incentives applied in the six economies studied and in five other semi-industrial economies are further evaluated in a comparative framework and recommendations are made on incentive policies. The individual studies provide a survey of policy changes undertaken since World War II, estimates of the various indicators of incentives, an analysis of the economic effects of the systems of incentives applied, as well as recommendations for the future. The studies use a common methodology, but differ in emphasis according to conditions in the individual cases. The analysis and the policy recommendations are based on the situation before the oil crisis of 1973 and do not consider subsequent developments.
Security analysis and portfolio management

T his research has two objectives. The first is to present the findings of a survey of investment managers concerning their current practices in the areas of securities analysis and portfolio management. The second is to identify changes in these practices that may have occurred as a result of the October 1987 stock market crash. In the first case, we use our findings to identify relationships between the use of particular investment techniques and the size of the investment firm. Veit and Reiff [1983] argue that larger banks enjoy economies of scale in the area of trading operations and can afford greater specialization of investment personnel. If this analysis is generalizable, it suggests that larger investment firms are more likely to employ a wider variety of investment techniques and strategies. There are a limited number of surveys of investment professionals. Bing [1971] surveyed 34 investment firms and found that analysts use a number of techniques in appraising equity, with price/earnings analysis the most popular. More recently, in a Block and Gallagher [1988] survey of 230 bank trust departments (BTDs), only 6% of the respondents were found to use stock index futures and options. A related study (Block and Gallagher [1990]) found that 41% of non-trust money managers use index futures and options strategies. Anecdotal evidence appears to indicate that the crash has made individual investors apprehensive about the stock market and altered their security preferences (Siconolfi [1988]). Moreover, there is evidence to suggest that institutional investors have remained cautious, allocating a larger portion of their portfolios to liquid assets (Alcorn [1988] and Dorfman [1988]). While these observations are interesting, a more formal assessment of changes in investmentrelated behavior is necessary in order to evaluate the total impact of the crash. Block and Gallagher [1988], for example, find that the reluctance of BTD money managers to use derivative strategies has increased since the crash.
Median nerve fascicle transfer versus ULNAR nerve fascicle transfer to the biceps motor branch in C5‐C6 and C5‐C7 brachial plexus injuries: Nonrandomized prospective study of 23 consecutive patients

The purpose of this study was to observe whether the results of the median nerve fascicle transfer to the biceps are equivalent to the classical ulnar nerve fascicle transfer, in terms of elbow flexion strength and donor nerve morbidity. Twenty‐five consecutive patients were operated between March 2007 and July 2013. The patients were divided into two groups. In Group 1 (n = 8), the patients received an ulnar nerve fascicle transfer to the biceps motor branch. In Group 2 (n = 15), the patients received a median nerve fascicle transfer to the biceps motor branch. Two patients with follow‐up less than six months were excluded. Both groups were similar regarding age (P = 0.070), interval of injury (P = 0.185), and follow‐up period (P = 0.477). Elbow flexion against gravity was achieved in 7 of 8 (87.5%) patients in Group 1, versus 14 of 15 (93.3%) patients in Group 2 (P = 1.000). The level of injury (C5‐C6 or C5‐C7) did not affect anti‐gravity elbow flexion recovery in both the groups (P = 1.000). It was concluded that the median nerve fascicle transfer to the biceps is as good as the ulnar nerve fascicle transfer, even in C5‐C7 injuries. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery 34:511–515, 2014.
Care in Knowledge Creation

Knowledge creation is the key source of innovation in any company. However, it is a fragile process fraught with uncertainty and conflict of interest. The effective creation of new knowledge (especially tacit social knowledge) hinges on strong caring among organization members. Managers have several means to facilitate caring relations, including new incentive systems, mentoring programs, care as an articulated value, project debriefings, and training programs in care-based behavior.
Quality Indicators for the Care of Osteoarthritis in Vulnerable Elders

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common chronic disease affecting older persons. Depending on the method of evaluation and the diagnostic criteria used, estimates of symptomatic disease prevalence range from 50% to 80% of the elderly population. Rheumatoid arthritis affects 1% of the adult population. Half of all disability in older persons has been attributed to arthritis. OA is associated with pain, functional disability, and being homebound. Several studies have demonstrated regional and subspecialty variations in the use of pharmacological, nonpharmacological, and surgical treatment modalities. This article identifies quality indicators (QIs) that may be used to assess the prevention and treatment of OA, investigate the relationship between processes and outcomes of care, and review the available data in support of each of these indicators.
Structure of Spot Rates and Duration Hedging

The present study proposes a three-factor model using spot rates as proxies for the state variables of the term structure of interest rates. Empirical analysis is carried out on the in-sample explanatory power and the out-of-sample prediction ability of spot-rate models, and comparison is made between the modified Macaulay duration and spot-rate duration hedging for bond portfolios. The results not only show that the optimal three-spot-rate model outperforms the optimal two-spot-rate model proposed by Elton et al. (Journal of Finance, 45, 1990, 629‐642) with respect to explanation ability of unexpected changes in the term structure of interest rates, but also illustrate the importance of capturing the curvature characteristic of the term structure of interest rates for spot-rate duration hedging methods. Moreover, the impressive performance of three-spot-rate duration hedging implies that it is feasible to reduce the dimensions of state variables to three for the purposes of risk exposure prediction and risk management of bond portfolios.
Effects of Damnacanthal and Nordamnacanthal on Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Migration of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells

Cancer is one of the most common causes of death in the developed world, with one-third of people diagnosed with cancer during their lifetime. Oral cancer commonly occurs involving the buccal mucosa (cheeks), tongue, floor of the mouth and lip. It is one of the most devastating and disfiguring of malignancies. Morinda citrifolia L. , commonly known as ‘noni’, belongs to the Rubiaceae family. It is native to the Pacific islands, Hawaii, Caribbean, Asia and Australia. The plant displays broad curative effects in pharmacological studies. Damnacanthal (DAM) and Nordamnacanthal (NDAM), anthraquinone compounds isolated from the roots of Morinda citrifolia L. , has been used for the treatment of several chronic diseases including cancer. The objectives of this study were to evaluate cytotoxicity, morphological changes, cell death mode (apoptosis/necrosis), and cell migration induced by DAM and NDAM on the most common type of oral cancer, oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC)cells. Anti-proliferative effects of these compounds against OSCC cell lines were determined by MTT assay. The mode of cell death was analysed by phase contrast and fluorescent microscopy as well as flow cytometry. In addition, cell migration was assessed. The results showed that DAM and NDAM exerted cytotoxicity against OSCC cells with IC50 values of 1.9 to >30 μg/ml after 72 h treatment. Maximum growth inhibition among the tested cell lines for both compounds was observed in H400 cells, and thus it was selected for further study. The study demonstrated inhibition of H400 OSCC cell proliferation, marked apoptotic morphological changes, induction of early apoptosis, and inhibition of cell migration by DAM and NDAM. Therefore, this information suggests that these compounds from noni have potential for used as anti tumor agents for oral cancer therapy.
Dynamics of meteorological and hydrological droughts in the Neman river basin

The analysis of drought dynamics in the Neman river basin allows an assessment of extreme regional climate changes. Meteorological and hydrological warm period droughts were analyzed in this study. Meteorological droughts were identified using the standardized precipitation index, and hydrological droughts using the streamflow drought index. The whole river basin was analyzed over the period from 1961 to 2010. Precipitation data from Vilnius meteorological station (from 1887) and discharge data from Smalininkai (Neman) hydrological station (from 1811) were used for an evaluation of meteorological and hydrological drought recurrence over a long-term period. It was found that the total area dryness has decreased over the last 50 years. A statistically significant increase in standardized precipitation index values was observed in some river sub-basins. An analysis of drought recurrence dynamics showed that there was no indication that the number of dangerous drought was increased. It was determined that the standardized precipitation index cannot successfully identify the hydrological summer droughts in an area where the spring snowmelt forms a large part of the annual flow. In particular, the weak relationship between the indices was recorded in the first half of the summer, when a large part of the river runoff depends on accumulated water during the spring thaw.
Determinants of citizens’ electronic participation: insights from India

Purpose – The purpose of the present paper is to attempt to examine the determinants of citizens’ electronic participation with respect to the communication aspects. To accomplish this objective, using the extant literature, the paper delineated factors that determine and the theories that can explain citizens’ e-participation. An analysis of citizens’ democratic communication through multiple e-participation forums is carried out, and the determinants of electronic participation are described in the paper. Design/methodology/approach – In light of the literature, e-participation services were classified on the basis of characteristics of democratic communications. The factors that determine citizens’ online democratic participation were also identified and validated. Indian citizens who often e-participate were surveyed through online and offline questionnaires. A regression analysis of the 407 responses was carried out to predict the influence of individual, governance and technology components on vario.
About Winning: The Political Economy of Awarding the World Cup and the Olympic Games

The hosting of major sporting events such as the Olympic Games or the FIFA World Cup has become the subject of intense competition among nations. Governments seem willing to make large financial commitments in order to win the bidding competition but evidence suggests that the economic impact of this spending is limited. While this outcome is easily understood in terms of rent seeking behavior, it is suggested that organizations such as the IOC and FIFA could better serve their constituents by diverting competition away from lavish provision of facilities towards goals that would raise participation in sports.
Creating ambidexterity by integrating and balancing structurally separate interorganizational partnerships

Recent research indicates that interorganizational partnerships represent a potentially important resource for the development of ambidexterity. However, little is known about how a firm’s ambidexterity evolves from external partnership resources. This article reports an in-depth field investigation of a firm that has successfully created ambidexterity by employing its interorganizational exploration and exploitation partnerships. In particular, the article focuses on three innovation processes within this firm. The findings underscore the importance of a firm’s ambidextrous organizational context, enabling it to reap the distinct benefits of both exploration and exploitation partnerships. Moreover, the findings reveal the specific mechanisms through which the firm integrated and balanced exploration and exploitation within its organization. Overall, this article demonstrates how a firm can build and manage an organizational context that internally balances exploration and exploitation while augmenting both activities through structurally separate interorganizational partnerships.
Correlation of Pretreatment Hemoglobin and Platelet Counts with Clinicopathological Features in Colorectal Cancer in Saudi Population

Background/Aims: In Saudi Arabia, colorectal cancers (CRCs) are registered as the second most common cancers. However, no data has been reported about correlation of the severity of the anemia and pretreatment platelets level with clinicopathological features of CRCs. We aimed to evaluate the association between pretreatment hemoglobin and platelets level and the clinicopathological features of CRC patients in Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: Between September 2005 and November 2011, One hundred and fifty-four confirmed CRC patients underwent thorough physical examination, blood investigations, endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), and computed tomography (CT) for staging before surgery. Findings of physical assessment, EUS, CT, and pathological specimens were correlated with pretreatment hemoglobin and platelets levels the Pearson-Kendall tau correlative coefficients. Results: The mean age of cohort was 56.6 years (range: 26-89). Left-sided CRC were predominant (97 patients; 63%). Mean size of primary tumor was 6 cms (1-18) SD ± 3.55. Mean values of hemoglobin, red blood cells, hematocrit, white blood cells, and platelets were 11.9 SD ± 2.3, 35.5 SD ± 5.7, 4.43 × 106/mL SD ± 0.6, 7.67 106/mL SD ± 2.44, and 343 × 103/mL SD ± 164.4, respectively. Pretreatment hemoglobin was inversely correlated with primary tumor size (R: 0.71, R2: 1.55, P = 0.0001) and nodal status (R: 0.02, R2: 0.05, P = 0.01). Right-sided CRC had significantly low pretreatment hemoglobin levels (P = 0.001). Interestingly, pretreatment thrombocytosis was seen only in right-sided CRC (P = 0.0001). Conclusion: Pretreatment anemia and thrombocytosis were found mainly in right-sided CRCs and advanced primary and nodal stages. Pretreatment hemoglobin and thrombocytosis can be considered as useful prognostic markers in CRC patients.
Psychosocial, Behavioral, and Biometric Characteristics of Stages of Exercise Adoption

This study incorporates the Stages of Change model to examine the relationship between the stages of exercise adoption and indicators of health and fitness. Subjects were 198 United States Forest Service (USFS) workers recruited from 8 USFS ranger stations in the Pacific Northwest. Analysis indicated that those subjects in Action and Maintenance stages of exercise adoption differed significantly from those in Preparation and Precontemplation/Contemplation stages on a variety of indicators of both health and fitness. Also, interesting differences were noted among the physically inactive stages, e.g., Preparation stage subjects showed lower triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, and higher HDL cholesterol compared with subjects in the Precontemplation/Contemplation stage. Progressing to the Preparation stage, where the individual remains inactive but is aware of the problem and has begun to make small changes, is associated with a differing (more positive) health profile in this study compared to those in the Precontemplation/Contemplation stage. These results imply that simply advancing in stage can have a variety of health benefits.
Citation Theories in the Framework of International Flow of Information: New Evidence with Translation Analysis

Citation is a worldwide phenomenon. It needs to be considered in the international context. This study examines four common modalities (physical accessibility, cognitive accessibility, perceived quality, and perceived importance) underlying the complex citation practice by translation analysis. In an analysis of the Chinese literature in library and information science, it was found that there is a very strong correlation between languages cited and languages translated (r = 0.978 ). The overall national citation pattern of foreign publications is highly correlated with its translation pattern (r = 0.897). There is approximately 57% overlap between the group of the 60 most heavily cited authors and the group of the 60 most frequently translated authors. Highly cited publications are more likely to be translated (54.5 vs. 13.8%).
HEALTH, HUMAN PRODUCTIVITY, AND LONG-TERM ECONOMIC GROWTH

This article investigates the influence of health on the growth paths of ten industrialized countries over the course of 100 to 125 years. Changes in health increased their pace of growth by 30 to 40 percent, altering permanently the slope of their growth paths. This finding is robust across five measures of long-term health and it remains largely unchanged when “controlled” for investment in physical capital. Health-related variables correlate positively with years of schooling. However, schooling variables by themselves do not replicate the results obtained from health-related measures. Health improvements thus do not merely follow economic progress.
Sanctioning Violence

While economic sanctions are commonly regarded as nonviolent coercive diplomacy, scholars show that senders—particularly democratic senders—are actually more likely to use military force against the targets of their sanctions. In this article, the authors extend this connection between sanctions and military action by arguing that countries targeted with third-party economic coercion are more likely to be targets of dyadic militarized violence from states not involved in the sanctions. The act of sanctioning, the authors argue, lowers the prohibitions to use violence against the sanctioned state by others. Empirical analysis of dyadic data from 1914 to 2000 shows that, within directed dyads, militarized interstate dispute (MID) initiation is more likely when the potential target of conflict is sanctioned by third-party states, particularly when the sanctioning state is a large democracy.
Measuring the Technology Achievement of Nations and the Capacity to Participate in the Network Age

The technological transformations of the past decade and the emergence of the global marketplace have raised the stakes for all countries to become technologically connected-to be able to create, adapt and use global technological innovations. Yet the challenges of competing in the technology-based global marketplace and of harnessing technology as a tool for human development are very different across countries, which vary greatly in their technological capacity and needs. This paper presents a measurement approach to assess the technological achievements of a country, as an aid to policy-makers in identifying policy priorities. It sets out the rationale for and uses of the Technology Achievement Index (TAI), and composite measure of technological progress that ranks countries on a comparative global scale.
Comment on sustainability and innovation in staple crop production in the US Midwest

This comment highlight issues when comparing genetically modified (GM) crops to non-GM ones across countries. Ignoring structural differences between agricultural sectors and assuming common yield trajectories before the time of introduction of GM crops results on misestimating the effect of GM varieties. Further data collection and analyses should guide policy-makers to encourage diverse approaches to agriculture, rather than excluding specific technologies (like GM crops) from the onset.
Qualitative case study research. The case of a PhD research project on organising and managing new product development systems

Discusses methodological aspects of case study research and qualitative data collection and analysis. Discusses the choice of a research strategy and data collection and analysis methods according to theory as well as the arguments which lead to qualitative case research. Suggests steps in research processes according to different authors and considers in more detail the theory and practice of each of these steps (case study design; preparing for data collection; conducting case studies; analysing data; and reporting). Concludes that carrying out qualitative case study research, in the author’s experience, is first and foremost a matter of learning by doing.
Ageing, Work Performance and Managing Ageing Academics

The ageing of university academic staff raises issues for workforce planning and for older academics' continuing professional development, particularly in the context of changes in the laws governing retirement age. Given there is limited research on the work experience of older academics, this article reviews the literature on 'successful ageing' and the performance of older workers in general. Findings suggest that stereotypes remain of age-related decline in work performance yet physical and cognitive changes associated with ageing are modifiable. In academia, appropriately designed professional training programmes, flexible working arrangements, formal performance management and employer recognition of the value to the institution of accumulated knowledge and experience are strategies to foster the continuing workforce participation of older academics.