Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Discovery of a Probable CH Star in the Globular Cluster M14 and Implications for the Evolution of Binaries in Clusters

We report the discovery of a probable CH star in the core of the Galactic globular cluster M14 (=NGC 6402 = C1735-032), identified from an integrated-light spectrum of the cluster obtained with the MOS spectrograph on the Canada-France-Hawaii telescope. From a high-resolution echelle spectrum of the same star obtained with the Hydra fiber positioner and bench spectrograph on the WIYN telescope, we measure a radial velocity of -53.0 ± 1.2 km s-1. Although this velocity is inconsistent with published estimates of the systemic radial velocity of M14 (e.g., vr− ≈ -123 km s-1), we use high-precision Hydra velocities for 20 stars in the central 2. ′6 of M14 to calculate improved values for the cluster mean velocity and one-dimensional velocity dispersion: -59.5 ± 1.9 km s-1 and 8.2 ± 1.4 km s-1, respectively. Both the star's location near the tip of the red giant branch in the cluster color-magnitude diagram and its radial velocity therefore argue for membership in M14. Since the intermediate-resolution MOS spectrum shows not only enhanced CH absorption but also strong Swan bands of C2, M14 joins ω Cen as the only globular clusters known to contain “classical” CH stars. Although evidence for its duplicity must await additional radial velocity measurements, the CH star in M14 is probably, like all field CH stars, a spectroscopic binary with a degenerate (white dwarf) secondary. The candidate and confirmed CH stars in M14 and ω Cen, and in a number of Galactic dSph galaxies, may then owe their existence to the long timescales for the shrinking and coalescence of hard binaries in low-concentration environments.
Paper Special Section on Quality of Communication Services Improving Quality of Life a Low-cost, Distributed and Conflict-aware Measurement Method for Overlay Network Services Utilizing Local Information Exchange

SUMMARY Measuring network resource information, including available bandwidth, propagation delay, and packet loss ratio, is an important task for efficient operation of overlay network services. Although measurement accuracy can be enhanced by frequent measurements, performing measurements with high frequency can cause measurement conflict problem that increases the network load and degrades measurement accuracy. In this paper, we propose a low-cost, distributed and conflict-aware measurement method that reduces measurement conflicts while maintaining high measurement accuracy. The main idea is that the overlay node exchanges the route information and the measurement results with its neighboring overlay nodes while decreasing the measurement frequency. This means our method trades the overhead of conducting measurements for the overhead of information exchange to enhance measurement accuracy. Simulation results show that the relative error in the measurement results of our method can be decreased by half compared with the existing method when the total measurement overheads of both methods are equal. We also confirm that exchanging measurement results contributes more to the enhancement of measurement accuracy than performing measurements.
Analysis of the Structural Relationship among Self-leadership, College adjustment, Career decision-making self-efficacy

본 연구는 대학생의 셀프리더십, 대학생활적응, 진로결정자기효능감의 구조적 관계를 알아보고자하였다. 이를 위해 220명의 대학생의 설문자료를 분석하였다. 본 연구의 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 셀프리더십과 대학생활적응, 진로결정자기효능감은 유의미한 상관을 보였다. 둘째, 변인 간 관계를 분석해본 결과, 셀프리더십은 진로결정자기효능감에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤으며, 대학생활적응에도 유의미한 영향을 미치는 것으로 확인되었다. 대학생활적응도 진로결정자기효능감에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤다. 셋째, 셀프리더십은 대학생활적응을 경유할 때 진로결정자기효능감에 미치는 영향력이 더 증가하였다. 이 결과는 진로결정자기효능감에 있어서 셀프리더십과 대학생활적응의 중요성을 확인시켜주는 것이며, 향후 진로결정자기효능감을 증진시키는 노력에 이 변인들의 고려하는 것이 중요하다는 것을 시사해준다.
Retrospective examination of lipid-lowering treatment patterns in a real-world high-risk cohort in the UK in 2014: comparison with the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) 2014 lipid modification guidelines

Background In 2014, guidelines from the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) provided updated recommendations on lipid-modifying therapy (LMT). We assessed clinical practice contemporaneous to release of these guidelines in a UK general practice setting for secondary and high-risk primary-prevention populations, and extrapolated the findings to UK nation level. Methods Patients from The Health Improvement Network database with the following criteria were included: lipid profile in 2014 (index date); ≥20 years of age; ≥2 years representation in database prior to index; ≥1 statin indication either for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) or the non-ASCVD conditions high-risk diabetes mellitus and/or chronic kidney disease. Results Overall, 183 565 patients met the inclusion criteria (n=91 479 for ASCVD, 92 086 for non-ASCVD). In those with ASCVD, 79% received statin treatment and 31% received high-intensity statin. In the non-ASCVD group, 62% were on a statin and 57% received medium-intensity or high-intensity statin. In the ASCVD and non-ASCVD cohorts, 6% and 15%, respectively, were already treated according to dosing recommendations as per updated NICE guidelines. Extrapolation to the 2014 UK population indicated that, of the 3.3 million individuals with ASCVD, 2.4 million would require statin uptitration and 680 000 would require statin initiation (31% de novo initiation, 60% reinitiation, 9% addition to non-statin LMT) to achieve full concordance with updated guidelines. Of the 3.5 million high-risk non-ASCVD individuals, 1.6 million would require statin uptitration and 1.4 million would require statin initiation (59% de novo initiation, 36% reinitiation, 5% addition to non-statin LMT). Conclusions A large proportion of UK individuals with ASCVD and high-risk non-ASCVD received statin treatment (79% and 62%, respectively) during the year of NICE 2014 guidelines release. Up to 94% of patients with ASCVD and 85% of high-risk non-ASCVD individuals, representing ∼3 million individuals in each group, would require statin uptitration or initiation to achieve full concordance with updated guidelines.
Banks in Capital Markets: A Survey

Banks are an important source of funding in economies all around the world, making it vital to understand how banks directly and indirectly affect funding through capital markets. Few issues have perhaps been as controversial as the appropriate scope of bank activities and whether banks should participate directly in capital market activities, providing both lending and other services, such as underwriting. We review the arguments and theoretical models that consider the consequences of commercial banks engaging in investment banking activities, and we examine the empirical evidence on the potential for conflicts of interest, which focuses on the pricing and long run performance of debt and equity underwritten securities, both in the United States and internationally. A related topic is whether investment banks and commercial banks can co-exist as underwriters. We summarize the theoretical and empirical literature, focusing on the effect that bank lending has had on underwriter fees and the ability of banks to win underwriting mandates, as well as how investment banks have adapted to commercial bank entry into investment banking. We also consider the indirect role of commercial banks in capital markets, providing a summary of banks' ability to signal the quality of borrowers through their decisions to originate and sell loans. Finally we examine related topics, such as the effects of banks holding equity and engaging in venture capital activities, and we suggest research directions.
Advanced Radio Channel Model for Magic WAND

The stochastic radio channel model (SRCM) derived within the Magic WAND project takes into account all propagation effects which have an impact on the system performance. Special attention has been paid to obtain an accurate description of the time and direction dispersive character of real radio channels because the Magic WAND system exploits both, frequency and space diversity. In this paper, the modelling approach adopted for the WAND-SRCM is presented. This includes a description of the software implementation and an example of a channel impulse response generated with this tool.
ATTEMPTED SUICIDES IN MADRAS

SUMMARY This study pertains to eighty six suicide attempters. The findings indicated that in both sexes the peak age group was 15 - 20 years, followed by 21 - 25 years. Organophosphorous compounds were found to have been used by a large number of attempters. 23.25% of our sample had contemplated on this act even prior to this episode. Alcohol was found to be an important factor behind 10.46% of cases. The scores on Eysenck Personality Questionnaire indicated that extraversion was predominantly found in our cases of attempted suicides whereas most of them scored very low on P scale.
A Community Multi-Omics Approach towards the Assessment of Surface Water Quality in an Urban River System

A multi-omics approach was applied to an urban river system (the Brisbane River (BR), Queensland, Australia) in order to investigate surface water quality and characterize the bacterial population with respect to water contaminants. To do this, bacterial metagenomic amplicon-sequencing using Illumina next-generation sequencing (NGS) of the V5–V6 hypervariable regions of the 16S rRNA gene and untargeted community metabolomics using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were utilized. The multi-omics data, in combination with fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) counts, trace metal concentrations (by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS)) and in-situ water quality measurements collected from various locations along the BR were then used to assess the health of the river ecosystem. Sites sampled represented the transition from less affected (upstream) to polluted (downstream) environments along the BR. Chemometric analysis of the combined datasets indicated a clear separation between the sampled environments. Burkholderiales and Cyanobacteria were common key factors for differentiation of pristine waters. Increased sugar alcohol and short-chain fatty acid production was observed by Actinomycetales and Rhodospirillaceae that are known to form biofilms in urban polluted and brackish waters. Results from this study indicate that a multi-omics approach enables a deep understanding of the health of an aquatic ecosystem, providing insight into the bacterial diversity present and the metabolic output of the population when exposed to environmental contaminants.
Increasing Reproducibility in IR: Findings from the Dagstuhl Seminar on "Reproducibility of Data-Oriented Experiments in e-Science"

The Dagstuhl Seminar on "Reproducibility of Data-Oriented Experiments in e-Science", held on 24-29 January 2016, focused on the core issues and approaches to reproducibility of experiments from a multidisciplinary point of view, sharing the experience coming from several fields of computer science. In this paper, we discuss, summarize, and adapt the main findings of the seminar to the context of IR evaluation -- both system-oriented and user-oriented -- in order to raise awareness in our community and stimulate the fields towards and increased reproducibility of our experiments.
The effect of breed and feed-type on the sensory profile of breast meat in male broilers reared in an organic free-range system

1. Studies on the sensory profiling of male broiler breast meat were carried out to evaluate the effect of two very different broiler breeds (JA757 and New Hampshire), two different feed types (broiler and grower feed) and age at slaughter (82 and 110 d). 2. The sensory profiling consisted of a pilot study, 4 training sessions, and finally the assessment. During the training session a panel of 9 assessors defined 17 attributes, which were used to describe the smell, texture and flavour of the breast fillets. Each attribute was evaluated on a 15-cm unstructured line scale. 3. The breast meat became significantly less hard, and more juicy and tender in the New Hampshire at 110 d of age, whereas the opposite was found in JA757, which also acquired a more “sourish” flavour with age. The smell of “sweet/maize” and “bouillon” became weaker with age in JA757, but not in New Hampshire. 4. Several significant differences in relation to the main factors of breed and age were found. The traditional broiler hybrid JA757 did best for most smell and flavour attributes, whereas New Hampshire did best for the texture attributes. Age had a negative effect on the flavours and smell attributes “fresh chicken”, “neck of pork” and “sweet maize”, but a positive effect on the texture attribute “crumbly”. In addition meat was more “stringy” at 110 d of age. 5. The flavours “neck of pork” and “umami” were significantly improved when JA757 was fed on the broiler feed and when New Hampshire was given the grower feed. The meat smelt more “sourish” at 82 d of age and less “sourish” at 110 d of age when the grower feed was consumed. Meat was significantly harder and stringier when JA757 was fed on the grower feed. This was not the case for New Hampshire. In general, the meat was significantly less crumbly and stringier with the grower feed. 6. Overall a very distinct difference in sensory profile was found between the two breeds. In addition different slaughter ages and feeding strategies should be taken into consideration in a niche production based on alternative genotypes.
A 16-element W-band phased array transceiver chipset with flip-chip PCB integrated antennas for multi-gigabit data links

This paper describes the design and implementation of a W-band phased array system with integrated PCB antennas capable of multi-gigabit spectrally-efficient wireless communication. The chipset is manufactured in a 0. 18μm SiGe BiCMOS technology with fT/fMAX of 240/270GHz and is flip-chipped onto an organic PCB with integrated antenna arrays. Each chip is equipped with 16-transmit/4-receive or 16-receive/4-transmit calibrated phase shifter elements, direct up- and down-converters plus a half-rate phase locked loop. Each transceiver IC operates from 1.5V and 2.5V supplies and consumes 5.5W and 4.5W in transmit and receive mode respectively. The transmitter EIRP is 34dBm in each polarization. A 4.8Gb/s QPSK wireless link in each polarization is demonstrated at a distance of 20-meters.
Design of robotic hand with tendon-driven three fingers

This paper proposes a robotic hand with tendon-driven three fingers that consist of a thumb, an index, and a middle finger. Each finger is composed of a distal-middle phalange, a proximal phalange, and a metacarpal bone, which are jointed by one link between the distal-middle phalange and the metacarpal bone. The flexion of finger is actuated by a wire to serve as a tendon of finger. By pulling the wire using DC motor, the proximal phalange is actuated, and then the distal-middle phalange is actuated synchronously by the link mechanism. The finger extension is performed by a restoring spring. The designed hand with the tendon-driven fingers is executable various hand motions such as direction, grasping, scissors and rock postures. Experimental results show the designed robotic hand is applicable to hand prosthesis for amputees.
Notes on Majority Boolean Algebra

A Majority-Inverter Graph (MIG) is a homogeneous logic network, where each node represents the majority function. Recently, a logic optimization package based on the MIG data structure, with 3-input majority node (M3) has been proposed [2],[30]. It is demonstrated to have efficient area-delay-power results compared to state-of-the-art logic optimization packages. In this paper, the Boolean algebraic transformations based on majority logic, i.e., majority Boolean algebra is studied. In the first part of this paper, we summarize a range of identities for majority Boolean algebra with their corresponding proofs. In the second part, we venture towards heterogeneous logic network and provide reversible logic mapping of majority nodes.
Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease and Related Inherited Myelin Disorders Molecular Genetics and Implications for Gene Therapy

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is an inherited disorder of the peripheral nerves, which involves slowly progressive weakness and atrophy of the distal muscles (Charcot and Marie, 1886; Tooth, 1886). CMT is a type of hereditary motor and sensory neuropathy that exhibits both clinical and genetic heterogeneity (Dyck et al., 1993; Lupski et al., 1991a). Clinical features include initial weakness of the intrinsic foot and distal leg muscles, which lead to foot deformities and gait abnormalities. Later in the course of the disease, variable progressive weakness of the hands may occur (Dyck et al. 1993; Lupski et al., 1991a). CMT constitutes the most common inherited peripheral neuropathy with an estimated population frequency of 1:2500 (Skre, 1974). Studies on the molecular genetics of CMT have provided a wealth of information in recent years, which was facilitated by parallel developments in mouse models of the disease. This brief review will summarize the current findings, paying particular attention to CMT type 1A, which is the major form of the disease. The molecular findings on CMTIA have revealed a novel mutational mechanism for an autosomal dominant human disorder. Furthermore, the gene responsible for CMTIA has been shown to be involved in two related peripheral neuropathies as well. The collective findings have furthered our understanding of the molecular bases of primary inherited peripheral neuropathies and have provided useful insights on the prospective development of strategies for gene therapy of CMT and related disorders.
Transcriptome Analysis of Nodes and Buds from High and Low Tillering Switchgrass Inbred Lines

In the last two decades switchgrass has received increasing attention as a promising bioenergy feedstock. Biomass is the principal trait for improvement in switchgrass breeding programs and tillering is an important component of biomass yield. Switchgrass inbred lines derived from a single parent showing vast variation in tiller number trait was used in this study. Axillary buds, which can develop into tillers, and node tissues, which give rise to axillary buds, were collected from high and low tillering inbred lines growing in field conditions. RNA from buds and nodes from the contrasting inbred lines were used for transcriptome profiling with switchgrass Affymetrix genechips. Nearly 7% of the probesets on the genechip exhibited significant differential expression in these lines. Real-time PCR analysis of 30 genes confirmed the differential expression patterns observed with genechips. Cluster analysis aided in identifying probesets unique to high or low tillering lines as well as those specific to buds or nodes of high tillering lines. Rice orthologs of the switchgrass genes were used for gene ontology (GO) analysis with AgriGO. Enrichment of genes associated with amino acid biosynthesis, lipid transport and vesicular transport were observed in low tillering lines. Enrichment of GOs for translation, RNA binding and gene expression in high tillering lines were indicative of active metabolism associated with rapid growth and development. Identification of different classes of transcription factor genes suggests that regulation of many genes determines the complex process of axillary bud initiation and development. Genes identified in this study will complement the current ongoing efforts in quantitative trait loci mapping of tillering in switchgrass.
A market-based approach to address the new item problem

In this paper we propose a market-based approach for seeding recommendations for new items in which publishers bid to have items presented to the most influential users for each item. Users are able to select (or not) items for rating on an earn-per-rating basis, with payment given for providing a rating regardless of whether the rating is positive or negative. This approach reduces the time taken to obtain ratings for new items, while encouraging users to give honest ratings (to increase their influence) which in turn supports the quality of recommendations. To support this approach we propose techniques for inferring the social influence network from users' rating vectors and recommendation lists. Using this influence network we apply existing heuristics for estimating a user's influence, adapting them to account for the new items already presented to a user. We also propose an extension to Chen et al.'s Degree Discount heuristic [Chen et al. 2009], to enable it to be used in this context. We evaluate our approach on the MovieLens dataset and show that we are able to reduce the time taken to achieve coverage, while supporting the quality of recommendations.
Food and human gut as reservoirs of transferable antibiotic resistance encoding genes

The increase and spread of antibiotic resistance (AR) over the past decade in human pathogens has become a worldwide health concern. Recent genomic and metagenomic studies in humans, animals, in food and in the environment have led to the discovery of a huge reservoir of AR genes called the resistome that could be mobilized and transferred from these sources to human pathogens. AR is a natural phenomenon developed by bacteria to protect antibiotic-producing bacteria from their own products and also to increase their survival in highly competitive microbial environments. Although antibiotics are used extensively in humans and animals, there is also considerable usage of antibiotics in agriculture, especially in animal feeds and aquaculture. The aim of this review is to give an overview of the sources of AR and the use of antibiotics in these reservoirs as selectors for emergence of AR bacteria in humans via the food chain.
Performance measurement for brain–computer or brain–machine interfaces: a tutorial

Objective. Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) have the potential to be valuable clinical tools. However, the varied nature of BCIs, combined with the large number of laboratories participating in BCI research, makes uniform performance reporting difficult. To address this situation, we present a tutorial on performance measurement in BCI research. Approach. A workshop on this topic was held at the 2013 International BCI Meeting at Asilomar Conference Center in Pacific Grove, California. This paper contains the consensus opinion of the workshop members, refined through discussion in the following months and the input of authors who were unable to attend the workshop. Main results. Checklists for methods reporting were developed for both discrete and continuous BCIs. Relevant metrics are reviewed for different types of BCI research, with notes on their use to encourage uniform application between laboratories. Significance. Graduate students and other researchers new to BCI research may find this tutorial a helpful introduction to performance measurement in the field.
The collective brain is critical

The unique dynamical features of the critical state endow the brain with properties which are fundamental for adaptive behavior. This proposal, put forward with Per Bak several years ago, is now supported by a wide body of empirical evidence at different scales demonstrating that the spatiotemporal brain dynamics exhibits key signatures of critical dynamics previously recognized in other complex systems. The rationale behind this program is discussed in these notes, followed by an account of the most recent results, together with a discussion of the physiological significance of these ideas.