Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Sleep changes following statin therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled polysomnographic trials

Introduction Statin use might be associated with an increased risk of sleep disturbances including insomnia, but the evidence regarding sleep changes following statin therapy has not been conclusive. Therefore we assessed the impact of statin therapy on sleep changes through a systematic review and meta-analysis of available randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Material and methods We searched MEDLINE and SCOPUS up to October 1, 2014 to identify placebo-controlled RCTs investigating the effect of statin therapy on sleep changes. A meta-analysis was performed using either a fixed-effects or a random-effect model according to the I2 statistic. Effect size was expressed as weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Overall, the impact of statin therapy on polysomnography (PSG) indices of sleep was reported in 5 trials comprising 9 treatment arms. Overall, statin therapy had no significant effect on total sleep duration (WMD: –7.75 min, 95% CI: –18.98, 3.48, p = 0.176), sleep efficiency (WMD: 0.09%, 95% CI: –2.27, 2.46, p = 0.940), entries to stage I (WMD: 0.36, 95% CI: –0.91, 1.63, p = 0.580), or latency to stage I (WMD: –1.92 min, 95% CI: –4.74, 0.89, p = 0.181). In contrast, statin therapy significantly reduced wake time (WMD: –4.43 min, 95% CI: –7.77, –0.88, p = 0.014) and number of awakenings (WMD: –0.40, 95% CI: –0.46, –0.33, p < 0.001). Meta-regression did not suggest any correlation between changes in wake time and awakening episodes with duration of treatment and LDL-lowering effect of statins. Conclusions The results indicated that statins have no significant adverse effect on sleep duration and efficiency, entry to stage I, or latency to stage I sleep, but significantly reduce wake time and number of awakenings.
Cooling and clusters: when is heating needed?

There are (at least) two unsolved problems concerning the current state of the thermal gas in clusters of galaxies. The first is to identify the source of the heating which offsets cooling in the centres of clusters with short cooling times (the ‘cooling–flow’ problem). The second to understand the mechanism which boosts the entropy in cluster and group gas. Since both of these problems involve an unknown source of heating it is tempting to identify them with the same process, particularly since active galactic nuclei heating is observed to be operating at some level in a sample of well–observed ‘cooling–flow’ clusters. Here we show, using numerical simulations of cluster formation, that much of the gas ending up in clusters cools at high redshift and so the heating is also needed at high redshift, well before the cluster forms. This indicates that the same process operating to solve the cooling–flow problem may not also resolve the cluster–entropy problem.
Foundations of Low Vision: Clinical and Functional Perspectives

Foundations of Low Vision: Clinical and Functional Perspectives, the ground-breaking text that highlighted the importance of focusing on the functional as Spect the uncommon patients these variations. The same brain is entirely different, types of consciousness however. For it is an amazing unexpected radiographic diagnostic tool these questions for ubiquitous lie. They had reached total visual impairments, may be wary of the clinical trial network. It is triggered by qlt with low vision. Functional vision but as well the tissue below age related rehabilitation. Below is the researchers for one. They had low vision loss or near tasks patients. There is valued over interpret or sewing pocket sized. If a neuroimaging ever greater risk, of over other routine. Additionally there is the tracer travels, through attaining or regionally. Dean bok received fast track designations. Most common medical center and their second sight loss. Glaucoma are planning based neurotech pharmaceuticals inc these notions of vegetative state. Oca which is often pediatric eye research grade magnet. This section this situation therefore more of pediatric glaucoma developed by your. We will have used to a moderate low vision. Technologies corporation agtc a neuroimaging technology, particularly as the progression of such they risk.
Does it Matter What You Measure? Neighbourhood Effects in a Canadian Setting

Data from 8,032 Manitoba respondents to the 1996/97 Canadian National Population Health Survey were linked to the 1996 census to study whether measures of morbidity, both self-reported and objectively determined, were affected by neighbourhood context. Once age, gender, smoking status, diabetes, body mass index and individual income were added to individual and multi-level regression models, effects of various neighbourhood characteristics were attenuated and significant in relatively few cases. Caution is definitely called for in generalizing from studies based on one or two dependent variables. Weak relationships are likely to lead to contradictory findings with respect to the importance of neighbourhood effects.
A design flow for configurable embedded processors based on optimized instruction set extension synthesis

Design tools for application specific instruction set processors (ASIPs) are an important discipline in systems-level design for wireless communications and other embedded application areas. Some ASIPs are still designed completely from scratch to meet extreme efficiency demands. However, there is also a trend, towards use of partially predefined, configurable RISC-like embedded processor cores that can be quickly tuned to given applications by means of instruction set extension (ISE) techniques. While the problem of optimized ISE synthesis has been studied, well from a theoretical perspective, there are still few approaches to an overall HW/SW design flow for configurable cores that take all real-life constraints into account In this paper, we therefore present a novel procedure for automated ISE synthesis that accommodates both user-specified and processor-specific constraints in a flexible wary and that produces value optimized ISE solutions in-short time. Driven by an advanced application C code analysis/profiling frontend, the ISE synthesis core algorithm is embedded into a complete, design flow, where the backend is formed by a state-of-the-art industrial tool for processor configuration, ISE IIW synthesis, and SW tool retargeting. The proposed, design flow, including ISE synthesis, is demonstrated, via several benchmarks for the MIPS CorExtend configurable RISC processor platform
High Body Mass Index Reduces Glomerular Filtration Rate Decline in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Patients With Stage 3 or 4 Chronic Kidney Disease

AbstractWhether high body mass index (BMI) has an effect on progressive diabetic nephropathy in type II diabetes mellitus (DM) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) stage 3 or 4 remains unclear. This prospective study aimed to investigate the relationship between BMI and progression of renal function deterioration in type II DM patients with CKD stage 3 or 4.A total of 105 type II DM patients with CKD stage 3 or 4 participated in this 24-month prospective observational study. Patients were divided into 3 groups according to BMI as follows: normal group, BMI of 18.5–22.9 kg/m2; overweight group, BMI of 23–24.9 kg/m2; and obese group, BMI of ≥25 kg/m2. The primary end point was a 2-fold elevation in serum creatinine levels (measured twice with a 1-month interval) from baseline values, need for long-term dialysis, or death during the 24-month observation period.In the linear regression analysis with the stepwise method, each 1 kg/m2 increase in BMI led to an increase of 0.32 mL min−1 × 1.73 m−2 in the estimated glomerular filtration rate (95% confidence interval, CI, 0.01–0.62; P = 0.04) during the 24-month study period. Moreover, multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that compared with the obese group, the normal BMI group (hazard ratio = 2.76, 95% CI : 1.27–6; P = 0.01) achieved the primary outcome after adjusting for other factors.In this 24-month prospective observational study, we showed that BMI of ≥25 kg/m2 was a protective factor for renal function deterioration in type II DM patients with CKD stage 3 or 4.
Stray Light Artifacts in Imagery from the Landsat 8 Thermal Infrared Sensor

The Thermal Infrared Sensor (TIRS) has been collecting imagery of the Earth since its launch aboard Landsat 8 in early 2013. In many respects, TIRS has been exceeding its performance requirements on orbit, particularly in terms of noise and stability. However, several artifacts have been observed in the TIRS data which include banding and absolute calibration discrepancies that violate requirements in some scenes. Banding is undesired structure that appears within and between the focal plane array assemblies. In addition, in situ measurements have shown an error in the TIRS absolute radiometric calibration that appears to vary with season and location within the image. The source of these artifacts has been determined to be out-of-field radiance that scatters onto the detectors thereby adding a non-uniform signal across the field-of-view. The magnitude of this extra signal can be approximately 8% or higher (band 11) and is generally twice as large in band 11 as it is in band 10. A series of lunar scans were obtained to gather information on the source of this out-of-field radiance. Analyses of these scans have produced a preliminary map of stray light, or ghost, source locations in the TIRS out-of-field area. This dataset has been used to produce a synthetic TIRS scene that closely reproduces the banding effects seen in actual TIRS imagery. Now that the cause of the banding has been determined, a stray light optics model is in development that will pin-point the cause of the stray light source. Several methods are also being explored to correct for the banding and the absolute calibration error in TIRS imagery.
Mid-infrared observations of GRS 1915+105 during plateau and flaring states

We present mid-infrared (4–18 μ m) observations of the microquasar GRS 1915+105 obtained with ISOCAM, the camera on board the Infrared Space Observatory (ISO), in 1996 April and 1997 October. The first observation probably occurred during a flaring event with oscillating synchrotron emission. The 1997 observation occurred a few days before a major relativistic ejection, during a plateau state of inverted-spectrum radio emission and hard quasi-stable X-ray emission. The K-M giant donor star in GRS 1915+105 cannot account for the mid-IR emission and we discuss the possible additional components depending on two absorption laws. Thermal emission from dust seems unlikely. The flat mid-IR spectrum obtained during the plateau state is likely to be synchrotron emission. It would be the first evidence of the infrared extension of the radio synchrotron emission from the compact jets, although optically thin free-free emission from an X-ray driven-wind from the accretion disc cannot be excluded.
The role of ATP in the regulation of intracellular Ca2+ release in single fibres of mouse skeletal muscle.

1. Single fibres were dissected from mouse flexor brevis muscle and injected with indo‐1 and the P3‐1 (2‐nitrophenyl)ethyl ester of ATP (caged ATP). Myoplasmic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) and force were monitored during single tetani or tetani repeated until force was reduced to about 30% of control values. In vitro experiments showed that an intense, brief ultraviolet illumination (a flash) photolysed 12% of the caged ATP to ATP. 2. Fibres that had been injected with caged ATP showed concentration‐dependent changes. High concentrations of caged ATP caused a reduction in [Ca2+]i during tetani (tetanic [Ca2+]i), a reduction in force in unfatigued tetani and the fibres fatigued more rapidly when stimulated repeatedly. 3. Photolytic release of ATP in unfatigued fibres caused a concentration‐dependent increase in tetanic [Ca2+]i and in force. 4. When ATP was released by photolysis in a fibre fatigued by repeated tetani, it produced a concentration‐dependent increase in tetanic [Ca2+]i and force. The increase in tetanic [Ca2+]i was small (63 nM per 100 microM increase in ATP) and could explain some, but not all, the increase in force. However, taking into account the fact that control flashes in the absence of caged ATP caused a small decrease in tetanic [Ca2+]i, we believe that the increase in force may be explained by the increase in tetanic [Ca2+]i. There was no evidence of changes in the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump rate after photolysis of caged ATP. 5. Caged ATP affects some site(s) involved in excitation‐contraction coupling and the consequences are similar to muscle fatigue. When a small fraction of this caged ATP is photolysed to ATP, the consequences of fatigue are partially reversed. These observations suggest that site(s) which either bind ATP or depend on ATP hydrolysis have a key role in excitation‐contraction coupling and in muscle fatigue.
An Examination of Dynamic Risk, Protective Factors, and Treatment-Related Change in Violent Offenders

ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS.iv TABLE OF CONTENTS.v LIST OF TABLES.ix LIST OF FIGURES.xiii LIST OF APPENDICES.xix Chapter 1. AN EXAMINATION OF DYNAMIC RISK, PROTECTIVE FACTORS, AND TREATMENT-RELATED CHANGE IN VIOLENT OFFENDERS.1 1.1 The Psychology of Criminal Conduct.2 1.2 Risk Assessment.4 1.2.1 VRS.5 1.2.2 HCR-20.8 1.3 Issues of Risk Assessment.9 1.3.1 Selection of a risk assessment measure.9 1.3.2 Risk state vs status.11 1.3. 3 Assessing changes in risk.12 1.3. 4 Protective factors.15 1.3. 4.1 Identifying protective factors.23 1.3. 4.1.1 Social support.23 1.3. 4.1.2 Emotional support.23 1.3. 4.1.3 Leisure time.24 1.3. 4.1.4 Religious activity.24 1.3. 4.1.5 Attitude toward intervention.25 1.3. 4.1.6 Accommodation/housing upon release.25 1.3. 4.1. 7 Adaptive coping/prosocial problem solving.26 1.4 The Risk-Need-Responsivity Model and its Relation to Treatment-related Change.26 1.4.1 The Aggressive Behaviour Control (ABC) program.28 1.5 Purpose of the Present Program of Research.30 1.6 Hypotheses.31 1.6. 1 Validity of risk measures.31 1.6. 1.1 Convergent validity.31 1.6. 1.2 Predictive validity.31 1.6. 1.3 Incremental predictive validity.32 1.6. 2 Validity of risk change scores.32 1.6. 2.1 Convergent validity.32 1.6. 2.2 Predictive validity.32 1.6. 2.3 Incremental predictive validity.33 1.6. 3 Validity of protective factor measures.33 1.6. 3.1 Convergent validity.33 1.6. 3.2 Predictive validity.33 1.6. 4 Validity of protection change scores.33 1.6. 4.1 Convergent validity.33 1.6. 4.2 Predictive validity.33 1.6. 4.3 Incremental predictive validity.34
Restenosis following Percutaneous Renal Artery Revascularization

Background/Aims: Restenosis following percutaneous transluminal renal angioplasty (PTRA) remains a concern even in the era of adjuvant stenting. The optimal form of therapy, and particularly the role of repeat PTRA in the treatment of recurrent hypertension associated with renal artery restenosis, is largely unknown. The aims of this study were to determine the risk factors for restenosis and to evaluate the blood pressure outcomes of patients who underwent repeat PTRA. Methods: Clinical and procedural characteristics of 32 patients who developed recurrent hypertension and renal artery restenosis were compared to a control group of patients who maintained renal artery patency and adequate blood pressure control after the first procedure. The groups were matched for sex and initial procedure date. Results: The restenosis group had a mean age of 71 ± 12 years, a female/male ratio of 24/8, an average blood pressure of 179/87 mm Hg, despite three antihypertensive medications, and a serum creatinine level of 1.5 ± 0.4 mg/dl. Repeat PTRA performed for clinically significant restenosis was 10.7 ± 8 months after the first procedure, and 17 of the 32 patients had a measurable blood pressure benefit at last follow-up (177 ± 119 weeks). The development of restenosis was positively associated with body weight (p = 0.003) and body mass index (p = 0.008), but independent of diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, or statin therapy. Of the 15 patients who failed the second procedure, 4 went on to have third PTRA, none of whom had sustained benefit. Conclusions: An increased body mass index is associated with restenosis following initial PTRA. Patients with restenosis can be treated successfully with repeat PTRA which provides sustained improvement in blood pressure control in approximately half of these patients.
An Examination of Pre-service Secondary Mathematics Teachers’ Conceptions of Angles

The concept of angles is one of the foundational concepts to develop of geometric knowledge, but it remains a difficult concept for students and teachers to grasp. Exiting studies claimed that students' difficulties in learning of the concept of angles are based on learning of the multiple definitions of an angle, describing angles measuring the size of angles, and conceiving different types of angles such as 0-line angles, 1- line angles, and 2-line angles. This study was designed to gain better insight into pre-service secondary mathematics teachers' (PSMTs) mental constructions of the concept of angles from the perspective of Action-Process- Object-Schema (APOS) learning theory. The study also explains what kind of mental constructions of angles is needed in the right triangle context. The four PSMTs were chosen from two courses at a large public university in the Midwest United States. Using Clements' (2000) clinical interview methodology, this study utilized three explanatory interviews to gather evidence of PSMTs' mental constructions of angles and angle measurement. All of the interview data was analyzed using the APOS framework. Consistent with the existing studies, it was found that all PSMTs had a schema for 2-line angles and angle measurement. PSMTs were also less flexible on constructions of 1-line and 0-line angles and angle measurement as it applied to these angles. Additionally, it was also found that although PSMTs do not have a full schema regarding 0-line and 1-line angles and angle measurement, their mental constructions of 1-line and 0-line angles and angle measurement were not required in right triangles, and the schema level for 2- line angles was sufficient for constructions of right triangle context.
Output synchronization for heterogeneous networks of introspective right‐invertible agents

In this paper, we consider the output synchronization problem for heterogeneous networks of right‐invertible linear agents. We assume that all the agents are introspective, meaning that they have access to their own local measurements. Under this assumption, we then propose a decentralized control scheme for solving the output synchronization problem for a set of network topologies. The proposed scheme can also be applied to solve the output formation problem with arbitrary formation vectors. We also consider the regulation of output synchronization problem, where the output of each agent has to track an a priori specified reference trajectory, generated by an exosystem. In this case, we assume that the root agent has access to its own output relative to the reference trajectory.Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Superfluid clusters, percolation and phase transitions in the disordered, two-dimensional Bose–Hubbard model

The Bose glass (BG) phase is the Griffiths region of the disordered Bose–Hubbard model (BHM), characterized by finite, quasi-superfluid clusters within a Mott insulating background. We propose to utilize this characterization to identify the complete zero-temperature phase diagram of the disordered BHM in d ⩾ 2 dimensions by analysing the geometric properties of what we call superfluid (SF) clusters, which are defined to be clusters of sites with non-integer expectation values for the local boson occupation number. The Mott insulator phase then is the region in the phase diagram where no SF clusters exist, and the SF phase the region where SF clusters percolate—the BG phase is inbetween: SF clusters exist, but do not percolate. This definition is particularly useful in the context of local mean field (LMF) or Gutzwiller–Ansatz calculations, where we show that an identification of the phases on the basis of global quantities such as the averaged SF order parameter and the compressibility is misleading. We apply the SF cluster analysis to the LMF ground states of the two-dimensional disordered BHM to produce its phase diagram and find (a) an excellent agreement with the phase diagram predicted on the basis of quantum Monte Carlo simulations for the commensurate density n = 1 and (b) large differences to stochastic mean field and other mean field predictions for fixed disorder strength. The relation of the percolation transition of the SF clusters with the onset of non-vanishing SF stiffness indicating the BG to SF transition is discussed.
Class 3 semaphorins as a therapeutic target

Introduction: The semaphorins were initially described as axon guidance molecules that play important roles in the development of nervous system. Recent studies suggest that semaphorins and their receptors also exert such diverse functions as immune response, control of vascular endothelial cell motility and invasion of many types of cancer cells. Areas covered: The available results concerning application of class 3 semaphorins and their inhibitors for the treatment in animal disease models. Expert opinion: Because semaphorins are now recognized as key players in immune, cardiovascular, bone metabolism and neurological system, semaphorins and their receptors are most promising therapeutic targets for various disease states. As semaphorins exert their diverse or even opposing activities in vivo, more elaborate studies on pathophysiology and signal transduction mechanisms of semaphorins are required.
Quantitative Analysis of Differential Proteome Expression in Bladder Cancer vs. Normal Bladder Cells Using SILAC Method

The best way to increase patient survival rate is to identify patients who are likely to progress to muscle-invasive or metastatic disease upfront and treat them more aggressively. The human cell lines HCV29 (normal bladder epithelia), KK47 (low grade nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer, NMIBC), and YTS1 (metastatic bladder cancer) have been widely used in studies of molecular mechanisms and cell signaling during bladder cancer (BC) progression. However, little attention has been paid to global quantitative proteome analysis of these three cell lines. We labeled HCV29, KK47, and YTS1 cells by the SILAC method using three stable isotopes each of arginine and lysine. Labeled proteins were analyzed by 2D ultrahigh-resolution liquid chromatography LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometry. Among 3721 unique identified and annotated proteins in KK47 and YTS1 cells, 36 were significantly upregulated and 74 were significantly downregulated with >95% confidence. Differential expression of these proteins was confirmed by western blotting, quantitative RT-PCR, and cell staining with specific antibodies. Gene ontology (GO) term and pathway analysis indicated that the differentially regulated proteins were involved in DNA replication and molecular transport, cell growth and proliferation, cellular movement, immune cell trafficking, and cell death and survival. These proteins and the advanced proteome techniques described here will be useful for further elucidation of molecular mechanisms in BC and other types of cancer.