Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Examining Entrepreneurs' Presentation Effectiveness in Generating Stakeholder Interest: Observations From the Medical Device Industry

Entrepreneurs make countless pitches and presentations to prospective stakeholders that are critical to securing needed resources. Our study examines whether or not certain aspects of visual presentations are more likely to elicit stakeholder interest. By applying precepts of information visualization theory, we empirically examine 42 early‐stage venture poster presentations to determine the impact design and content have on attracting stakeholder interest. Our findings suggest that visualization matters; posters that included specific visual devices garnered a higher level of interest among prospective stakeholders, including investors and collaborators.
How does VC feedback affect start-ups?

This study examines how venture capital (VC) feedback affects start-ups through a three-year qualitative study of university spin-offs. We present a taxonomy of VC feedback into (i) inconsistent, (ii) consistent and workable, and (iii) consistent and unworkable feedback. We find that when start-ups fail to raise VC, inconsistent VC feedback leads to a greater escalation of commitment than consistent and workable VC feedback. We show that single-loop learning mediates the relationship between VC feedback and escalation of commitment. We find that consistent and unworkable VC feedback increases the likelihood of a firm's exit, and that inhibited double-loop learning mediates the relationship between VC feedback and an exit.
The design and use of an agent‐based model to simulate the 1918 influenza epidemic at Norway House, Manitoba

Agent‐based modeling provides a new approach to the study of virgin soil epidemics like the 1918 flu. In this bottom‐up simulation approach, a landscape can be created and populated with a heterogeneous group of agents who move and interact in ways that more closely resemble human behavior than is usually seen in other modeling techniques. In this project, an agent‐based model was constructed to simulate the spread of the 1918 influenza pandemic through the Norway House community in Manitoba, Canada. Archival, ethnographic, epidemiological, and biological information were used to aid in designing the structure of the model and to estimate values for model parameters. During the epidemic, Norway House was a Hudson's Bay Company post and a Swampy Cree‐Métis settlement with an economy based on hunting, fishing, and the fur trade. The community followed a traditional, seasonal travel pattern of summer aggregation and winter dispersal. The model was used to examine how seasonal community structures and associated population movement patterns may have influenced disease transmission and epidemic spread. Simulations of the model clearly demonstrate that human behavior can significantly influence epidemic outcomes. Am. J. Hum. Biol. 2009. © 2008 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
The Study of Relationship Malalignment Knee and Foot with Injury in Professional Sprinters

Running as sports injuries occur in the lower extremities is known. The aim of this study was study of relationship malalignment knee and foot with injury in professional sprinters. The research method is descriptive – correlation. The study population (sample) was all sprinters competitor in championship tournament season. In this regard, 30 sprinter(The mean and standard deviation for age 22.60 ± 4.28 years, weight 72.20 ± 6.07 kg and height 180.93 ± 5.96 cm) Non-random Purposeful selection And voluntary participated in this study. The research instrument consisted of a questionnaire to record demographic information, incidence and type of lower extremity injury and sports history of Subjects. To measure genu varum and genu valgum Caliper, Q angle goniometer And arch of foot Navi loss (Brody method) was used. Chi-square test was used to analyze the data. That the entire process was done using SPSS21 software. (P≤0.05) The study results showed there are a significant relationship between runner knee with flat foot (r = 0.041), Achilles tendinitis with flat foot (r = 0.019) and Abnormal Q angle (less than 10 degrees) with anterior knee pain (r = 0.045). Was not found a significant relationship among other variables that measured And lower extremity injuries. Considering the findings of the present study suggest Professional runners with flat foot deformity to avoid runner knee and Achill tendonitis, consider elimination these abnormalities by corrective exercises program. Also, to prevent anterior knee pain, consider Correction Status knees and reach normal Q angle.
The (non)impact of revenue decentralization on fiscal deficits: some evidence from OECD countries

Recent studies examining the relation between fiscal decentralization and consolidated government fiscal balances generally have not taken proper account of the extent of the independent taxing powers available to sub-national governments and thus have overstated the degree of effective revenue decentralization. Results from a panel regression study of 19 OECD member countries suggest that when the measure of fiscal decentralization is limited to the revenues over which sub-national governments have full autonomy, its impact on fiscal balances is not statistically significant. Accordingly, when accurately measured revenue decentralization appears to have had no negative impact on fiscal discipline.
Characterization of monofloral honeys with multivariate analysis of their chemical profile and antioxidant activity.

UNLABELLED Various bioactive chemical constituents were quantified for 21 honey samples obtained at Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais, Brazil. To evaluate their antioxidant activity, 3 different methods were used: the ferric reducing antioxidant power, the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity, and the 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazolin)-6-sulfonate (ABTS) assays. Correlations between the parameters were statistically significant (-0.6684 ≤ r ≤-0.8410, P < 0.05). Principal component analysis showed that honey samples from the same floral origins had more similar profiles, which made it possible to group the eucalyptus, morrão de candeia, and cambara honey samples in 3 distinct areas, while cluster analysis could separate the artificial honey from the floral honeys. PRACTICAL APPLICATION This research might aid in the discrimination of honey floral origin, by using simple analytical methods in association with multivariate analysis, which could also show a great difference among floral honeys and artificial honey, indicating a possible way to help with the identification of artificial honeys.
Relative Inequality and Poverty in Germany and the United States Using Alternative Equivalence Scales

German and United States data from the Luxembourg Income Study are used to compare the relative economic well-being of Germans and Americans in the 1980s. In our analysis we use both official equivalence scales and consumption-based country-specific equivalence scales developed for Germany and the United States by Merz et al. (1993). We verify previous studies that show that inequality and the incidence of poverty are greater in the United States than in Germany. Overall inequality and poverty levels are found not to be sensitive to the equivalence scale used. But the official German equivalence scales yields quite different results from those using all other scales with respect to the relative income and poverty levels of vulnerable groups within the population, especially older single people.
Conceptualizing operations strategy processes

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present insights into operations strategy (OS) in practice. It outlines a conceptualization and model of OS processes and, based on findings from an in‐depth and longitudinal case study, contributes to further development of extant OS models and methods which presently mainly focus on OS content, as distinct from process issues.Design/methodology/approach – The methodology combines action research and a longitudinal single site case study of OS processes in practice.Findings – The paper conceptualises an OS process as: events of dialogue and action; taking place in five dimensions of change – technical‐rational, cultural, political, project management, and facilitation; and typically unfolding as a sequential and parallel, ordered and disordered, planned and emergent as well as top‐down and bottom‐up process. The proposed OS conceptualization provides a useful tool for describing and analyzing real‐time OS processes unfolding in practice.Research limitations/impli.
Efficiency in the Use of Technology in Economic Education: Some Preliminary Results

This paper reports preliminary results of a project funded by the Andrew F. Mellon Foundation that is intended to ascertain whether technology-enhanced introductory economics courses are more effective and also more efficient than traditionally taught courses. Blecha’s (2000) survey of faculty at different types of institutions of higher education documents that economics instructors now use a continuum of technological enhancements ranging from e-mail, web sites, presentation software, computerized games, and spreadsheets to computerized instruction and distance learning. While several studies investigate the consequences of using technology on student performance, there has been little attempt to compare the efficacy and efficiency of the various types of available technologies.
Dynamic Incentives and Responsibility Accounting

In dynamic principal-agent relationships, unless a principal can precommit to a multiperiod contract, incentives are affected by a problem known as the ratchet effect. We present a two period agency model to show that the use of more aggregate performance measures and greater consolidation of responsibility helps mitigate the ratchet effect. For example, an aggregate measure may be preferred to a set of disaggregate measures to avoid aggravating the ratchet effect. Similarly, it may be preferable to consolidate responsibility for two activities in the hands of one agent despite the potential loss of performance evaluation information implied by consolidation.
Ultradian and Asymmetric Rhythms of Hemispheric Processing Speed

Daily changes in cognitive performance have been documented, both in time of day/effect paradigm studies and in time‐isolation studies. However, in both types of studies, phenomena such as the “post‐lunch dip” have been found that were difficult to explain in terms of theoretical backgrounds. These phenomena may suggest ultradian rhythms in cognitive performance. A number of studies have also shown ultradian and asymmetric rhythms in activity indices of the brain hemispheres. The aim of this study was to test three hypotheses: the first two assumed that there is a significant ultradian frequency in a component of the endogenous rhythm of processing speed, and the third assumed that the ultradian endogenous rhythms of the processing speed (encoding and recognition) of stimuli addressed to the left brain hemisphere differ in period length from those addressed to right hemisphere. During a 24 h constant‐routine experiment, the memory performance of 30 participants was measured eight times (every 2.5–3 h), starting at 06:30 h. Parallel sets of words and pictures were shown to subjects in a random order in either the left or the right visual field on a computer screen. The participants pressed one of two buttons in response to the picture or word, or when answering a question concerning the meaning of a presented stimulus. Cosinor analysis was applied to individual time series data. Two significant ultradian components were found in a majority of the time series. Dominant periods were analyzed using three factor ANOVA. The results showed an asymmetry between both hemispheres in the frequency of ultradian rhythms in encoding speed.
Informative Advertising and Optimal Targeting in a Monopoly

This paper analyzes how the transition from mass to specialized advertising can affect the market outcomes. To that end, we consider a particular technology of information transmission which allows a monopolist to decide the optimal targeting strategy. From this starting point, we show that the use of targeted advertising is likely to increase the market price and reduce the level of advertising, and that the degree of media specialization chosen by the monopolist tends to exceed the socially optimal. Furthermore, our model indicates that the social loss resulting from the greater monopoly power might exceed the gain due to the lower wasting of ads, in such a way that targeting could reduce consumer surplus and, what is more important, the level of social welfare. Copyright 2001 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Customer based brand equity (CBBE) and the competitive performance of SMEs in Ghana

Purpose – This paper has three main objectives. The first objective examines the degree of interrelationship between the level of brand equity and the performance of SMEs, while the second objective examines the extent of the antecedents of brand equity (brand awareness, brand association, perceived quality and brand loyalty) in predicting SME performance. The last objective examines the effect of brand equity on the performance of SMEs when the level of brand loyalty is high. Design/methodology/approach – Questionnaires were used in collecting data from managers and customers of SMEs. The sample comprises 98 managers and 311 customers of SMEs. In order to ensure that various sectors of SMEs were covered, stratified random sampling was used; thus, 40 per cent of the SMEs were from the trade sector, 30 per cent from the agriculture sector, and 30 per cent from the small manufacturing sector. However, a simple random sampling method was used in the selection of customers. Findings – It was found that there .
Principles for Learning Controllable TTS from Annotated and Latent Variation

For building ﬂexible and appealing high-quality speech synthes-isers, it is desirable to be able to accommodate and reproduce ﬁne variations in vocal expression present in natural speech. Synthesisers can enable control over such output properties by adding adjustable control parameters in parallel to their text input. If not annotated in training data, the values of these control inputs can be optimised jointly with the model parameters. We describe how this established method can be seen as approximate maximum likelihood and MAP inference in a latent variable model. This puts previous ideas of (learned) synthesiser inputs such as sentence-level control vectors on a more solid theoretical footing. We furthermore extend the method by restricting the latent variables to orthogonal subspaces via a sparse prior. This enables us to learn dimensions of variation present also within classes in coarsely annotated speech. As an example, we train an LSTM-based TTS system to learn nuances in emotional expression from a speech database annotated with seven different acted emotions. Listening tests show that our proposal successfully can synthesise speech with discernible differences in expression within each emotion, without compromising the re-cognisability of synthesised emotions compared to an identical system without learned nuances.
Factor Shares, Business Cycles and the Distributive Loop

This paper looks at how factor shares vary over the business cycle and how their movements fit into Kaleckian analysis. Heterodox accounts of factor‐share movements include both profit‐squeeze arguments (procyclical wage share) and underconsumption arguments (countercyclical wage share). Empirical evidence gives no decisive support for either account: factor shares may be procyclical and countercyclical at different stages of the business cycle. If factor shares vary in such a complex way, then Kaleckian models cannot have a stable distributive curve. The economy instead follows a distributive loop, with different adjustment paths during an upswing and a downswing.
A Methodology for Identifying the Drivers of Industrial Clusters: The Foundation of Regional Competitive Advantage

This article presents a theoretically based method for identifying the clusters of industries in which a region has a competitive advantage. The method combines cluster analysis with discriminant analysis, using variables derived from economic base theory and measures of productivity, to identify the industries in which a region has its greatest competitive advantage. These industries are called driver industries because they drive the region’s economy. The driver industries are linked to supplier and customer industries with information from a region-specific input-output model to form industry clusters. After introductory comments about cluster-based approaches to understanding regional economies, the authors present an overview of their method and the variables used. They then apply this method to the Cleveland-Akron Consolidated Metropolitan Statistical Area.
How to substitute in order to sustain: knowledge driven growth under environmental restrictions

This paper presents different substitution mechanisms which determine, in a theoretical framework, the conditions for long-term sustainable development. In a one-sector approach and in two versions of a multi-sector endogenous growth model, the accumulation and the substitution of man-made inputs for natural resources are analysed. Assuming man-made capital to be an output of a specific sector of the economy, the elasticities of substitution between the different inputs play a more complex role than suggested by the one-sector approach. According to the multi-sector models, the prediction of growth becoming sustainable emerges as realistic, provided that the sectoral adjustment costs in the economy are not too high.
Living arrangements and well-being of the elderly.

The usefulness of household composition in characterizing the functional status of the elderly was examined in a random sample of 1,598 noninstitutionalized urban persons aged 65 years and older. Subjects were interviewed twice, one year apart. Five areas of well-being were assessed, including: physical and mental health, social and economic functioning, and ability to perform daily tasks. Living arrangements were categorized as follows: living alone, never married; living alone, ever married; living with spouse; living with spouse and children; living with children, but without spouse; and living with others, not spouse or children. Profiles for those living with children but without spouses and those living with spouses provided the most extreme contrasts. Persons living alone and never married consistently had better outcomes than those living alone but ever married. After one year, changes in living arrangements were most likely to occur for those living with spouse/children and those living with others. For the elderly, "Who lives with you? ", is an important question.
Simian Virus 40 DNA Replication Is Dependent on an Interaction between Topoisomerase I and the C-Terminal End of T Antigen

ABSTRACT Topoisomerase I (topo I) is needed for efficient initiation of simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA replication and for the formation of completed DNA molecules. Two distinct binding sites for topo I have been previously mapped to the N-terminal (residues 83 to 160) and C-terminal (residues 602 to 708) regions of T antigen. By mutational analysis, we identified a cluster of six residues on the surface of the helicase domain at the C-terminal binding site that are necessary for efficient binding to topo I in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and far-Western blot assays. Mutant T antigens with single substitutions of these residues were unable to participate normally in SV40 DNA replication. Some mutants were completely defective in supporting DNA replication, and replication was not enhanced in the presence of added topo I. The same mutants were the ones that were severely compromised in binding topo I. Other mutants demonstrated intermediate levels of activity in the DNA replication assay and were correspondingly only partially defective in binding topo I. Mutations of nearby residues outside this cluster had no effect on DNA replication or on the ability to bind topo I. These results strongly indicate that the association of topo I with these six residues in T antigen is essential for DNA replication. These residues are located on the back edges of the T-antigen double hexamer. We propose that topo I binds to one site on each hexamer to permit the initiation of SV40 DNA replication.
Business Cycles and Labor-Market Search

The quantitative implications of labor-market search for economic fluctuations are evaluated in the context of a real-business-cycle model. Incorporating labor-market search into the model is found to improve its empirical performance along several dimensions. In particular, hours now fluctuate substantially more than wages and the contemporaneous correlation between hours and productivity falls. In addition, the model replicates the observation that output growth displays positive autocorrelation at short horizons. Overall, the empirical results suggest that the labor-market-search environment embodies a quantitatively important propagation mechanism. Copyright 1996 by American Economic Association.
Metaanalysis of the epidemiology and clinical manifestations of odontomas.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the epidemiological and clinical aspects of the different types of odontomas. STUDY DESIGN A metaanalysis was made of 3065 odontomas obtained from a literature review of 30 articles published in recent years. RESULTS Odontomas show no gender predilection, and are most often diagnosed in the second decade of life. They are preferentially located in the upper maxilla, particularly in the anterior sector. Compound odontomas are more prevalent than complex odontoma, and show no predilection in terms of patient gender, age or location. Most such lesions are asymptomatic and constitute casual findings in X-ray studies indicated for other reasons. The most common clinical manifestations are the retention of permanent teeth and the presence of a tumor. Treatment consists of surgical removal of the lesion. The prognosis is very good, with a scant tendency towards relapse. CONCLUSIONS Odontomas are the most common odontogenic tumors. Their most significant characteristics comprise alterations in tooth eruption, and the diagnosis is casually established in the course of routine X-ray studies.
Hematocrit Influences Immunoassay Performance for the Measurement of Tacrolimus in Whole Blood

The comparison between the MEIA II and the EMIT assays for tacrolimus measurement and the interference by the hematocrit were evaluated in 93 samples from routine therapeutic monitoring at tacrolimus concentrations less than 9 μg/L (group A). Additionally, the incidence of false-positive results were determined in samples (n = 46) from patients who were not receiving the drug (group B). In group A, no statistical differences were observed between the mean ± SD values obtained by MEIA II (5.14 ± 2.28 μg/L) and EMIT (4.61 ± 1.79 μg/L). The correlation coefficient and the regression equation (95% CI) between both assays, were 0.761 and EMIT = 1.088 (0.90, 1.35) MEIA II −0.38 (−1.65, −0.46), respectively. When the samples were stratified according to the hematocrit, the median differences between the methods (MEIA II minus EMIT) were as follows: hematocrit ≤25%, 0.45 μg/L; hematocrit 25%-35%, 0.30 μg/L; and hematocrit >35%, 0.25 μg/L (P = 0.02). In group B, false-positive results (above the detection limit) were observed in 63.04% of samples analyzed by MEIA II and in 2.17% of samples analyzed by EMIT. The median differences in apparent tacrolimus results were significantly higher in the samples with the lowest hematocrit: 2.2 μg/L, 1.4 μg/L, and 0.0 μg/L in samples with hematocrit ≤25%, 25%-35%, and >35%, respectively. In conclusion, the differences in the tacrolimus results obtained by MEIA and EMIT assays were higher in samples from patients with hematocrit less than 25%, and the MEIA assay demonstrated a high incidence of false-positive results.