Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Joint user association and resource allocation in small cell networks with backhaul constraints

Heterogeneous networks potentially provide significant capacity gains by overlaying the traditional cellular network with a layer of small cells (SCs) served by access points (APs). However, the limited backhaul capacity of the SC APs, combined with increased interference from neighboring cells, necessitates careful resource allocation to realize the gains. In our work, we consider maximization of the weighted sum rate in small cell networks with carrier aggregation while enforcing a backhaul constraint on each SC AP. We propose an efficient, waterfilling-like, algorithm which converges to a locally optimal solution of the non-convex optimization problem. This algorithm differs from existing works by using a computationally efficient bisection-like search that ensures the sum-power and sum-rate constraints at each AP are satisfied via an one-dimensional search. An added advantage is that this approach also allows for a decentralized implementation.
Negative Regulation of the Thyrotropin β Gene by Thyroid Hormone

Thyroid hormone (T3 and T4) is secreted from the thyroid gland, and is known to reduce the level of serum thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone, TSH) in the pituitary gland (Sarapura et al., 2002; Shupnik et al., 1989) (Fig. 1A). This is a typical example of negative feedback between the pituitary and endocrine organs, and is a key component of thyroid hormone homeostasis. TSH is one of the peptide hormones generated in the anterior pituitary, and is a heterodimer composed of an ┙ chain (┙-glycoprotein subunit, ┙GSU) and a ┚ chain (TSH┚) (Shupnik et al., 1989). While ┙GSU is common to follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) and chorionic gonadotropin (CG), TSH┚ is specific to TSH alone. Although the concentration of serum T4 is much higher than that of T3, T4 is converted to T3 by deiodinase (Dio) in the TSH-producing cells (thyrotrophs) of the pituitary (Christoffolete et al., 2006), and T3 exhibits biological activity as a thyroid hormone (Gereben et al., 2008). T3 inhibits expression of both TSH┚ and ┙GSU at the transcriptional level (Shupnik et al., 1989). The magnitude of T3-induced repression of the TSH┚ gene is greater than that of ┙GSU. Here, we provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms involved in T3-induced negative regulation of the TSH┚ gene and its related genes.
The Relationship between Schizophrenic Patients' Perceptions of Their Parents and the Course of Their Illness

Sixty-two schizophrenic patients completed the Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI), a measure of perceived parental characteristics, rating their parents on care and protection. PBI ratings were related to a one-year course of illness. Patients who perceived their parents positively tended to experience a milder course of illness if they were in frequent contact with them, and a more severe course if they were not; the reverse was true for patients who perceived their parents negatively. PBI ratings were unrelated to the age at onset of illness. This suggests that patients' perceptions of parental attitudes influence the course of schizophrenia by a current stress effect. The PBI, used alone or in conjunction with other predictors, distinguished good- and poor-outcome cases and appears to be a potentially clinically valuable tool.
The Polypyrimidine Tract Binding Protein Is Required for Efficient Picornavirus Gene Expression and Propagation

ABSTRACT Mammalian host factors required for efficient viral gene expression and propagation have been often recalcitrant to genetic analysis. A case in point is the function of cellular factors that trans-activate internal ribosomal entry site (IRES)-driven translation, which is operative in many positive-stranded RNA viruses, including all picornaviruses. These IRES trans-acting factors have been elegantly studied in vitro, but their in vivo importance for viral gene expression and propagation has not been widely confirmed experimentally. Here we use RNA interference to deplete mammalian cells of one such factor, the polypyrimidine tract binding protein, and test its requirement in picornavirus gene expression and propagation. Depletion of the polypyrimidine tract binding protein resulted in a marked delay of particle propagation and significantly decreased synthesis and accumulation of viral proteins of poliovirus and encephalomyocarditis virus. These effects could be partially restored by expression of an RNA interference-resistant exogenous polypyrimidine tract binding protein. These data indicate a critical role for the polypyrimidine tract binding protein in picornavirus gene expression and strongly suggest a requirement for efficient IRES-dependent translation.
Valoraciones De Los Estudiantes De Ciencias De La Educación Sobre La Calidad De La Docencia Universitaria

El escenario social impulso el proceso de cambio en el que se encuentra la Educacion Superior europea tras la Declaracion de Bolonia. El nucleo sustancial de la reforma universitaria es la inversion de prioridades que se ha producido en el proceso de ensenanza-aprendizaje. En la actualidad, la prioridad se situa en el estudiante y su aprendizaje mas que en el profesorado y su ensenanza. En consecuencia, este nuevo modelo requiere una mayor aportacion de los estudiantes en la vida universitaria. Dadas las circunstancias, la investigacion sobre el profesorado desde el punto de vista de los estudiantes representa un potencial relevante para la comprension del funcionamiento academico. En el presente trabajo se presenta un estudio descriptivo que se llevo a cabo con 1388 participantes de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Para esta investigacion se utilizo el cuestionario CDUCA (Caracteristicas de la Docencia Universitaria de Calidad desde el punto de vista de los Alumnos) que recoge las valoraciones de los estudiantes sobre el profesorado universitario en nueve dimensiones: identidad personal y planificacion; mediacion del aprendizaje; disposicion favorable hacia los estudiantes; utilizacion de las nuevas tecnologias; orientacion, autoevaluacion y control propio del aprendizaje; aprendizaje experiencial; dominio academico en su area; y, pensamiento critico. Los resultados del estudio confirman la importancia, percibida por parte de los distintos organismos que regulan el EEES, de fomentar la articulacion de nuevas competencias docentes al objeto de mejorar las capacidades socio-personales y profesionales. Del mismo modo, se comprobo que los docentes son valorados de diferente manera en funcion del genero. Por ultimo, los resultados confirman que los estudiantes de primer y segundo ciclo valoran de forma diferente las caracteristicas de la docencia de calidad que muestran sus profesores. Siendo los estudiantes de primer ciclo los que valoran mas positivamente a sus profesores.
Parties and Unions in the New Global Economy

Parties and Unions in the New Global Economy. By Katrina Burgess. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 2004. 224p. $27.95. In Mexico, Spain, and Venezuela during the 1980s and 1990s, labor-backed political parties in power adopted market-oriented reforms that strained the parties' alliances with their union base, generating a “loyalty dilemma” for labor leaders. In response, unions in all three countries initially pursued strategies of demand making based on norms that had traditionally governed their interactions with the party (“norm-based voice”). Over time, however, labor leaders' responses to the loyalty dilemma diverged. Katrina Burgess explains why. She argues that whether unions chose norm-based voice, norm-breaking voice, or exit depended on two main factors: the relative power of the party and workers to punish labor leaders for disloyal behavior, and the party's capacity to act autonomously from its own government.
Communication, Uncertainty, and Volunteer Membership

Approximately 25% of Americans volunteer annually (Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2011). As organizational members, they face uncertainty concerning their roles, their relationships, and their organizations (Kramer, 2004). Volunteers likely face different uncertainty management issues than employees who have been the focus of most previous research. Volunteers have a different psychological contract and different motivations than employees (Rousseau, 1990). This study examined issues of uncertainty management of volunteer members in a particular setting, a community choir. In particular, it found that supervisor and peer communication and other internal factors, such as more preparation time and less difficult tasks, were associated with higher levels of certainty for members of a community choir. In addition, higher levels of certainty and additional external factors such as family support for participation and lack of conflicts were associated with higher levels of satisfaction and identification and a greater willingness to recruit for the organization. Results have implications for improving communication to increase volunteers' certainty and increasing their voluntary participation in organizations.
Knowledge creation, learning and innovation in italian industrial districts

Introduction The analysis of industrial districts (IDs) has attract-ed a growing interest in the past decades in differ-ent disciplines. From the seminal contribution ofAlfred Marshall it appeared clear that the fact of be-ing historically localized in a specific industrial siteis advantageous for firms which can benefit fromthe availability of skilled labour forces, knowl-edgeable agents and new ideas that are free ‘in theair’. On one hand, knowledge was conceptualizedas the result of the working of the ID device: a pub-lic good, whose diffusion is due to spill-overs andtechnological externalities. On the other hand, it isthe same mechanism of interaction among co-lo-calized firms that has attracted the attention ofeconomists and sociologists, because the ID modelappears to be a particularly efficient localized sys-tem to stimulate the creation of new knowledge bysome firms, and enforce learning mechanismsamong some proprietary but sometimes open local-ized networks. This article discusses both perspec-tives in depth. It consists of two parts. The first ex-plores the nature of knowledge, and in order to in-terpret the phenomenon of local agglomeration andthe formation of the industrial districts (IDs)
A comprehensive pharmacist intervention to reduce morbidity in patients 80 years or older: a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND Patients 80 years or older are underrepresented in scientific studies. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of interventions performed by ward-based pharmacists in reducing morbidity and use of hospital care among older patients. METHODS A randomized controlled study of patients 80 years or older was conducted at the University Hospital of Uppsala, Uppsala, Sweden. Four hundred patients were recruited consecutively between October 1, 2005, and June 30, 2006, and were randomized to control (n = 201) and intervention (n = 199) groups. The interventions were performed by ward-based pharmacists. The control group received standard care without direct involvement of pharmacists at the ward level. The primary outcome measure was the frequency of hospital visits (emergency department and readmissions [total and drug-related]) during the 12-month follow-up period. RESULTS Three hundred sixty-eight patients (182 in the intervention group and 186 in the control group) were analyzed. For the intervention group, there was a 16% reduction in all visits to the hospital (quotient, 1.88 vs 2.24; estimate, 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.72-0.99) and a 47% reduction in visits to the emergency department (quotient, 0.35 vs 0.66; estimate, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.37-0.75). Drug-related readmissions were reduced by 80% (quotient, 0.06 vs 0.32; estimate, 0.20; 95% CI, 0.10-0.41). After inclusion of the intervention costs, the total cost per patient in the intervention group was $230 lower than that in the control group. CONCLUSION If implemented on a population basis, the addition of pharmacists to health care teams would lead to major reductions in morbidity and health care costs.
Family Influences on the Formation of Moral Identity in Adolescence: Longitudinal analyses

A model of moral identity formation is presented. According to the model, family influences have a direct effect on moral identity development in adolescence, independent of the effects of personality, income and other factors. The model is tested using longitudinal data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth (Child Sample), which is constituted of the children born to a representative sample of American women who were between the ages of 14 and 21 in 1979. In general, the results provide support for the model. Cognitively and socially rich family environments, combined with high levels of parent-adolescent joint activity, were found to facilitate voluntary participation in community service, a marker of moral identity formation. The implications of these findings for parenting, moral education and future research are discussed.
Corporate Governance and Market Valuation in China

This paper studies the relationship between the governance mechanisms and the market valuation of publicly listed firms in China empirically. We construct measures for corporate governance mechanisms and measures of market valuation for all publicly listed firms on the two stock markets in China by using data from the firm’s annual reports. We then investigate how the market-valuation variables are affected by the corporate governance variables while controlling for a number of factors commonly considered in market valuation analysis. A corporate governance index is also constructed to summarize the information contained in the corporate governance variables. The index is found to have statistically and economically significant effect on market valuation. The analysis indicates that investors pay a significant premium for well-governed firms in China, benefiting firms that improve their governance mechanisms.
A molecular neuroethological approach for identifying and characterizing a cascade of behaviorally regulated genes

Songbirds have one of the most accessible neural systems for the study of brain mechanisms of behavior. However, neuroethological studies in songbirds have been limited by the lack of high-throughput molecular resources and gene-manipulation tools. To overcome these limitations, we constructed 21 regular, normalized, and subtracted full-length cDNA libraries from brains of zebra finches in 57 developmental and behavioral conditions in an attempt to clone as much of the brain transcriptome as possible. From these libraries, ≈14,000 transcripts were isolated, representing an estimated 4,738 genes. With the cDNAs, we created a hierarchically organized transcriptome database and a large-scale songbird brain cDNA microarray. We used the arrays to reveal a set of 33 genes that are regulated in forebrain vocal nuclei by singing behavior. These genes clustered into four anatomical and six temporal expression patterns. Their functions spanned a large range of cellular and molecular categories, from signal transduction, trafficking, and structural, to synaptically released molecules. With the full-length cDNAs and a lentiviral vector system, we were able to overexpress, in vocal nuclei, proteins of representative singing-regulated genes in the absence of singing. This publicly accessible resource http://songbirdtranscriptome.net can now be used to study molecular neuroethological mechanisms of behavior.
Historical Population Estimates: Unraveling the Consensus

The mid-twentieth century witnessed the emergence of a remarkable consensus on quantitative estimates of world population growth after 1650. This was the achievement of Walter Willcox, supported and modified by Alexander Carr-Saunders and John Durand, and was endorsed by United Nations publications. It had its origins in eighteenth- and nineteenth-century work, largely carried out in Germany. Willcox was particularly interested in demonstrating seventeenth-century population growth as evidence of the global impact of European expansion, and this probably led to a too-ready acceptance of estimates with little real basis. More recent estimates do little to shake the consensus, but extend the historical series back over two millennia or further. The article examines the strength and influence of a consensus based in the earlier period on surprisingly insecure data. It then turns to the most suspect element in the consensus, the pre-twentieth-century estimates for Africa. Finally, little hope is expressed that future researchers will be able to establish reliable estimates, especially for dates earlier than the eighteenth century. Copyright 2002 by The Population Council, Inc.
Sex differences in the personal costs and benefits of relational and physical aggression in high school

While recent research using peer ratings demonstrates positive relations between youth's reputations for aggression and popularity, it is not clear whether aggressive youth themselves make these links. Using youth's self-reports, this study assessed the associations of relational and physical aggression with indicators of both personal gains in peer relations (perceived popularity and receipt of prosocial attention) and personal costs in terms of retaliation or depressive responses (peer victimization and depressive symptoms) in a large sample (n = 455) of eighth- to tenth-grade students. Regression analyses reveal that more relationally aggressive youth report more prosocial attention but also more relational (but not physical) victimization. In contrast, more physically aggressive youth report more depressive symptoms and physical (but not relational) victimization. Findings suggest that some costs of aggression (victimization) are higher for boys while others (depressive symptoms) are greater for girls. Group differences were also found for aggressive, victimized, and aggressive/victimized youth compared to the typical low aggressive/low victimized youth. These data suggest that the costs of relational and physical aggression may outweigh benefits except for aggressive non-victimized boys. Language: en
Making the Invisible Visible: Race, Gender, and Teaching in Adult Education

The purpose of this study was to understand how the societal position of African American women affects their experiences when teaching mathematics to adults in postsecondary institutions. A qualitative research design used in-depth interviews and classroom observations with 7 African American women teachers in technical schools and community colleges. The results were that the teachers' positionality affected their experiences by (a) producing a teaching philosophy based on a history of marginalization, (b) raising issues of credibility with students because of the teachers' race and gender, and (c) directly affecting their classroom interactions and teaching strategies. It was concluded that there are no generic teachers but, rather, teachers whose experiences are affected positively and negatively by their positionality in society.
The "Great Moderation" and the Monetary Transmission Mechanism in Chile

This paper analyzes the significant reduction in the volatility of output growth and inflation seen in the Chilean economy in the present decade. This reduced volatility, sometimes called the “great moderation,” coincides with several important changes to the Chilean macroeconomic framework, including the establishment of a full-fledged inflation targeting regime for monetary policy and a rule based on a target for the structural fiscal surplus. The paper examines the impact of these changes on the monetary transmission mechanism and explores how the “great moderation” has been affected by economic shocks and by the endogenous response of policy as reflected in the monetary transmission mechanism. The paper also reports results of a monetary vector autoregression model that finds important changes in the way shocks are transmitted to the Chilean economy.
Individual Variability in Memory Training with the Elderly.

Abstract Although magnitudes of memory improvement for the elderly tend to be larger for a learning skill training and a social support group compared with a waiting list group, the individual variability is sufficiently large to obscure statistical differences in the treatment effect. In our examination of individual variability in the data two possible confounding factors were uncovered: (1) low baseline performers tend to improve regardless of the treatment whereas high baseliners tend not to improve or decline in their posttest performances; (2) high verbal IQ subjects tend to perform well on all memory tests. A lesson learned in this study is that if these two variables are not equally distributed across treatment and control groups spurious results may be obtained.
The effect of levodopa on speech in Parkinson's disease: musical' scale study

This paper aims to examine the effect of levodopa on speech in patients with Parkinson's disease. Our hypothesis is that, in such a task, speech production should be phonetically affected for parkinsonian patients and improved by L-Dopa treatment. In order to determine dopamine effect, oral productions of 14 parkinsonian patients of the akinetic type have been collected, in the OFF and ON states. They have then been compared to those of control subjects. The specific aim of this study is (a) to examine the ability of patients to handle the variations in fundamental frequency of their voice as well as to master the rise in frequency required by the task , i.e. production of the musical scale (b) to measure the palliative effects that can be induced treatment based on L-Dopa. Effects relating to the L-dopa administration diverge according to the patients, the year post diagnosis and the Parkinson's disease severity degrees. Compared to our control population, our parkinsonian subjects present prosodic disorders, in particular on the level of the fundamental frequency management. This dysfunction would come from the akinesy, the breathing deficit and the problems of vocal cords vibration. These results confirm in part Darley hypothesis, knowing that the parkinsonian “dysprosody” would come from a peripheral neuro-engine dysfunction affecting the larynx motor activity.
Comparing subjective video quality testing methodologies

International recommendations for subjective video quality assessment (e.g., ITU-R BT.500-11) include specifications for how to perform many different types of subjective tests. Some of these test methods are double stimulus where viewers rate the quality or change in quality between two video streams (reference and impaired). Others are single stimulus where viewers rate the quality of just one video stream (the impaired). Two examples of the former are the double stimulus continuous quality scale (DSCQS) and double stimulus comparison scale (DSCS). An example of the latter is single stimulus continuous quality evaluation (SSCQE). Each subjective test methodology has claimed advantages. For instance, the DSCQS method is claimed to be less sensitive to context (i.e., subjective ratings are less influenced by the severity and ordering of the impairments within the test session). The SSCQE method is claimed to yield more representative quality estimates for quality monitoring applications. This paper considers data from six different subjective video quality experiments, originally performed with SSCQE, DSCQS and DSCS methodologies. A subset of video clips from each of these six experiments were combined and rated in a secondary SSCQE subjective video quality test. We give a method for post-processing the secondary SSCQE data to produce quality scores that are highly correlated to the original DSCQS and DSCS data. We also provide evidence that human memory effects for time-varying quality estimation seem to be limited to about 15 seconds.