Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
What is professional identity and how do social workers acquire it

The past decade has seen a growing interest in social workers’ professional identity. For students, it is increasingly viewed as an important outcome of qualifying education, to be developed and maintained throughout their social work careers. Being clear and confident about identity is considered to improve social workers’ contribution in working with other professionals. A strong, positive sense of professional identity is said to bolster social workers’ resilience to stress. Professional identity, when linked with the concept of ‘professionalism’, has become bound up with the regulation of practitioners and the avoidance of ‘unprofessional’ behaviour. These are just some of the ways in which the concept of professional identity has come to the fore: but are we all talking about the same thing? Understanding the different meanings and their usage is important for social workers, especially in the face of debate about the nature of social work and how it is best taught and regulated. This chapter discusses these meanings and suggests some ways in which practitioners – especially students and newly qualified workers - develop it.
, Cornelia Starvation to Copper Pseudomonas aeruginosa Adaptation of Aerobically Growing

Restricted bioavailability of copper in certain environments can interfere with cellular respiration because copper is an essential cofactor of most terminal oxidases. The global response of the metabolically versatile bacterium and opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa to copper limitation was assessed under aerobic conditions. Expression of cioAB (encoding an alternative, copper-independent, cyanide-resistant ubiquinol oxidase) was upregulated, whereas numerous iron uptake functions ( including the siderophores pyoverdine and pyochelin) were expressed at reduced levels, presumably reflecting a lower demand for iron by respiratory enzymes. Wild-type P. aeruginosa was able to grow aerobically in a defined glucose medium depleted of copper, whereas a cioAB mutant did not grow. Thus, P. aeruginosa relies on the CioAB enzyme to cope with severe copper deprivation. A quadruple cyo cco1 cco2 cox mutant, which was deleted for all known heme-copper terminal oxidases of P. aeruginosa, grew aerobically, albeit more slowly than did the wild type, indicating that the CioAB enzyme is capable of energy conservation. However, [. ] FRANGIPANI, Emanuela, et al. Adaptation of aerobically growing Pseudomonas aeruginosa to copper starvation. Journal of Bacteriology, 2008, vol. 190, no. 20, p. 6706-6717 DOI : 10.1128/jb.00450-08 WOS : 000259631900018
ORO, a knowledge management platform for cognitive architectures in robotics

This paper presents an embeddable knowledge processing framework, along with a common-sense ontology, designed for robotics. We believe that a direct and explicit integration of cognition is a compulsory step to enable human-robots interaction in semantic-rich human environments like our houses. The OpenRobots Ontology (ORO) kernel allows to turn previously acquired symbols into concepts linked to each other. It enables in turn reasoning and the implementation of other advanced cognitive functions like events, categorization, memory management and reasoning on parallel cognitive models. We validate this framework on several cognitive scenarii that have been implemented on three different robotic architectures.
Drug utilization review of mupirocin ointment in a Korean university-affiliated hospital

Background/Aims Intranasal mupirocin and chlorhexidine bathing are candidate strategies to prevent healthcare-associated infections caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). In Korea, intranasal mupirocin is not available, and mupirocin ointment, an over-the-counter drug, has been used indiscriminately. Furthermore, because it is covered by health insurance, mupirocin is easy to prescribe within hospitals. Methods We performed a mupirocin drug utilization review (DUR) within Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital. Annual use of mupirocin was investigated between 2003 and 2013, and monthly consumption of mupirocin was assessed during the final 2-year period. The DUR focused on August 2012, the period of highest use of mupirocin. Also, we investigated trends in mupirocin resistance in MRSA between 2011 and 2013. Results Annual consumption of mupirocin increased from 3,529 tubes in 2003 to 6,475 tubes in 2013. During August 2012, 817 tubes were prescribed to 598 patients; of these, 84.9% were prescribed to outpatients, and 77.6% at the dermatology department. The most common indication was prevention of skin infections (84.9%), and the ointment was combined with systemic antibiotics in 62.9% of cases. The average duration of systemic antibiotic administration was about 7.8 days. The rate of low-level mupirocin resistance in MRSA increased from 8.0% to 22.0%, and that of high-level mupirocin resistance increased from about 4.0% to about 7.5%. Conclusions Inappropriate use of mupirocin is prevalent. Considering the increase in resistance and the future application of intranasal mupirocin, prophylactic use of mupirocin in dermatology departments should be reconsidered.
The Antioxidative Effect of Electro-Acupuncture in a Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease

Accumulating evidence indicates that oxidative stress plays a critical role in Parkinson's disease (PD). Our previous work has shown that 100 Hz electro-acupuncture (EA) stimulation at ZUSANLI (ST36) and SANYINJIAO (SP6) protects neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta from 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) toxicity in male C57BL/6 mice, a model of PD. In the present study we administered 100 Hz EA stimulation at the two acupoints to MPTP-lesioned mice for 12 sessions starting from the day prior to the first MPTP injection. We found that in the striatum of MPTP treated mice 100 Hz EA stimulation effectively inhibited the production of hydrogen peroxide and malonaldehyde, and increased glutathione concentration and total superoxide dismutase activity through biochemical methods. However, it decreased glutathione peroxidase activity via biochemical analysis and did not affect the level of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium in the striatum revealed by high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. These data suggest that 100 Hz EA stimulation at ST36 and SP6 has antioxidative effects in the MPTP model of PD. This data, along with our previous work, indicates that 100 Hz EA stimulation at ST36 and SP6 protects the nigrostriatal system by multiple mechanisms including antioxidation and antiapoptosis, and suggests that EA stimulation is a promising therapy for treating PD.
Does an Oblique/Slanted Perspective during Virtual Navigation Engage Both Egocentric and Allocentric Brain Strategies?

Perspective (route or survey) during the encoding of spatial information can influence recall and navigation performance. In our experiment we investigated a third type of perspective, which is a slanted view. This slanted perspective is a compromise between route and survey perspectives, offering both information about landmarks as in route perspective and geometric information as in survey perspective. We hypothesized that the use of slanted perspective would allow the brain to use either egocentric or allocentric strategies during storage and recall. Twenty-six subjects were scanned (3-Tesla fMRI) during the encoding of a path (40-s navigation movie within a virtual city). They were given the task of encoding a segment of travel in the virtual city and of subsequent shortcut-finding for each perspective: route, slanted and survey. The analysis of the behavioral data revealed that perspective influenced response accuracy, with significantly more correct responses for slanted and survey perspectives than for route perspective. Comparisons of brain activation with route, slanted, and survey perspectives suggested that slanted and survey perspectives share common brain activity in the left lingual and fusiform gyri and lead to very similar behavioral performance. Slanted perspective was also associated with similar activation to route perspective during encoding in the right middle occipital gyrus. Furthermore, slanted perspective induced intermediate patterns of activation (in between route and survey) in some brain areas, such as the right lingual and fusiform gyri. Our results suggest that the slanted perspective may be considered as a hybrid perspective. This result offers the first empirical support for the choice to present the slanted perspective in many navigational aids.
Caring for our infants: parents’ antenatal childcare intentions and nine-month reality

Abstract Infants are increasingly cared for by adults other than their parents. Here we describe non-parental infant care within a diverse cohort; and investigate the relationship between parents’ antenatal intentions and actual infant care. 6822 New Zealand women were recruited during pregnancy and asked about their intentions for childcare. Non-parental care was assessed when infants were nine months old: 1717 (25%) of the 6853 cohort children were receiving more than 8 h per week of regular non-parental care. In comparison with infants of European mothers, infants of Asian or Pacific mothers were more likely to be cared for by extended family; and infants of Māori mothers were more likely to receive centre-based care. Infants from families with lower household incomes, living in more deprived areas were more likely to be cared for by family. When their infants were nine months old, mothers from low- to medium-income households were less likely to be using the type of non-parental care they had intended antenatally, and the same was true when their children were aged 2 years.
Contradiction, circumvention and instrumentalization of noble values: How competition undermines the potential of alternatives

Recent studies have shown that alternative organizations are particularly exposed to the risk of losing ‘their soul’ or their capacity to put into practice their original ends when they compete with capitalist companies. But what happens when an alternative organization competes exclusively with another alternative organization? This article addresses this question using a unique and ‘revealing’ case, in which two mutual insurance organizations compete structurally and directly with each other and propose the same products to the same target population, at the same time and same place. The case shows in concrete terms how competition can undermine the integrity of alternative organizations and expose them to a dissociation between ends and means by leading them to: (1) adopt ‘dirty’ practices that are incoherent with their founding purpose, (2) circumvent the coherent practices that have been specifically designed to reach their alternative ends, and (3) instrumentalize their alternative ends and turn them into means of coping with competition. Furthermore, the case shows how the dynamic of structural and direct competition, because of its ‘captivating’ nature, may prevent local actors from ‘denaturalizing’ or questioning these incoherent practices. This study suggests that any action aimed at promoting alternative organizations requires taking due account of the competitive environment in which local actors of alternatives are placed and which can seriously undermine their emancipatory potential.
Wingspan Stenting for Severe Symptomatic Intracranial Atherosclerotic Stenosis in 433 Patients Treated at a Single Medical Center

Purpose To investigate the safety and outcome of intracranial stenting for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis (IAS). Materials and Methods Between July 2007 and April 2013, 433 consecutive patients with IAS >70% underwent intracranial Wingspan stenting, and the data were prospectively analyzed. Results Intracranial stenting was successful in 429 patients (99.1%), and the mean stenosis rate was improved from prestenting (82.3± 7.6)% to poststenting (16.6 ± 6.6)%. During the 30-day perioperative period, 29 patients (6.7%) developed stroke. The total perioperative stroke rate was significantly (P <0.01) higher in the basilar artery area than in others, whereas the hemorrhagic stroke rate was significantly (P <0.05) greater in the middle cerebral artery area than in others. The experience accumulation stage (13%) had a significantly (P <0.05) higher stroke rate than the technical maturation stage (4.8%). Clinical follow-up 6–69 months poststenting revealed ipsilateral stroke in 20 patients (5.5%). The one- and two-year cumulative stroke rates were 9.5% and 11.5%, respectively; the two-year cumulative stroke rate was significantly (P <0.05) greater in the experience accumulation stage (18.8%) than in the technical maturation stage (9.1%). Conclusion Wingspan stenting for intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis is safe and the long-term stroke rate after stenting is low in a Chinese subpopulation.
Developing EFL learners’ morphological awareness: Instructional effect, teachability of affixes, and learners’ perception

Abstract Morphological instruction has been proved to be facilitative of second language learners’ vocabulary learning. However, studies on the effect of teaching affixes on Chinese EFL learners’ vocabulary learning were relatively less explored. Therefore, this study was aimed at investigating the effect of teaching six affixes on Chinese EFL learners’ vocabulary learning, the teachability of affixes, and the learners’ perception toward the instruction. The participants were 40 seventh-graders from two intact classes in a junior high school in southern Taiwan. One class of 20 students served as the control group, and the other class of 20 students was assigned as the experimental group to receive the six-session training of affixes. Instruments were a morpheme identification task, a vocabulary translation test, students’ learning journals, and a questionnaire of perception toward the instruction. The results indicated the positive effect of instruction on the experimental group’s receptive learning of the affixes. In addition, the data also showed the students’ positive perception toward morphological instruction. This study concluded with theoretical implications for future studies and pedagogical implications for teaching affixes.
Cultural Competence in Pediatrics: Health Care Provider Knowledge, Awareness, and Skills

The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a cultural competence training (CCT) program on pediatric health care providers’ self-reported ability to provide culturally competent care to a diverse pediatric patient population. This quantitative, nested ecologic level study design used a repeated measure in the form of pre-test and post-test data to assess percent change in providers’ cultural awareness, experience working or learning about different cultures, and preparedness and skills in working with different cultures before and after CCT. The study was conducted between 2011 and 2012 in a pediatric hospital and associated outpatient offices. The sample consisted of pediatric health care providers from various departments, mainly physicians and nurses (n = 69). Participants completed a pre-intervention cultural competence assessment and then were subjected to a cultural competence-training program, after which they completed the assessment a second time. The baseline and post-intervention data were collected in the form of Likert scales and transformed into a quintile or quartile scale as appropriate. Data were assessed using paired t-tests or Wilcoxon’s signed-rank tests. Providers indicated a 13% increase in knowledge (53.9% vs. 66.7%, t = 3.4, p = 0.001), 8.7% increase in awareness (46.7% vs. 55.4%, t = 3.0, p = 0.002), and 8% statistically marginal increase in skills (66.4% vs. 74.5%, z = 1.8, p = 0.06). Culturally competent training in a pediatric environment significantly enhances knowledge, awareness and to some extent skills in providing care to culturally diverse patient population.
Split-phase control: Achieving complete soft-charging operation of a dickson switched-capacitor converter

Switched-capacitor (SC) converters are gaining popularity due to their high power density and suitability for on-chip integration. Soft-charging techniques can be used to eliminate the current transient during the phase switching instances, and improve the power density and efficiency of SC converters. In this paper, we propose a split-phase control scheme that enables the Dickson converter to achieve complete soft-charging operation, which is not possible using the conventional two-phase control. An analytical method is extended to understand and design split-phase controlled Dickson converters. The proposed technique and analysis are verified by both simulation and experimental results. An 8-to-1 step-down Dickson converter is built to demonstrate the reduction in output impedance and improvement in efficiency as a result of the split-phase controlled soft-charging operation.
An Examination of Trust and Distrust in Auditor-Client Relationships

The auditing literature generally conceptualizes trust and distrust as opposite poles of a unidimensional construct. However, research in other fields suggests that trust and distrust are related but functionally distinct. The present study proposes that this two-dimensional approach is appropriate for examining trust and distrust in auditor-client relationships. One factor that may influence auditors’ feelings of trust and distrust toward their clients is the receipt of clientprovided evidence that is inconsistent with prior evidence obtained. We conduct an experiment to examine whether the timing of inconsistent evidence influences planned audit effort by affecting auditors’ trust and distrust toward client management. Results reveal that auditors who receive inconsistent evidence later in a series of management representations plan significantly more audit effort than do auditors who receive the same inconsistent evidence earlier. Importantly, auditors’ feelings of trust and distrust toward the client operate separately to help explain this effect.
The Impact of Focal Radiation Damage on Whole-brain Development in the Mouse

The impact of focal radiation damage on whole-brain development in the mouse Kiran G. Beera Master of Science Graduate Department of Medical Biophysics University of Toronto 2017 Radiotherapy is a critical component in treating pediatric brain tumors such as medulloblastoma. Although 5-year survival rates are rising, cognitive late effects are frequently seen in survivors that received whole-brain radiotherapy. Importantly, white matter (WM) volumes of survivors are often reduced after receiving radiotherapy. Impairments in both WM and neurogenesis have been implicated in late side effects. This work involved the image-guided focal irradiation of WM (anterior commissure or AC), neuronal tissue (olfactory bulbs or OBs), and neurogenesis (subventricular zone or SVZ) in the infant mouse brain and subsequent characterization of developmental outcomes in adulthood using MRI. The results indicate that direct radiation targeting of WM may not be the cause of WM hypersensitivity in development. Importantly, the growth of WM (ie. AC) may depend on radiation targeting of other structures. Overall, this work shows that indirect radiation targeting may be as important in structural outcomes as direct radiation targeting.
Prevalence and Properties of Dark Matter in Elliptical Galaxies

Given the recently deduced relationship between X-ray temperatures and stellar velocity dispersions (the T-σ relation) in an optically complete sample of elliptical galaxies (see recent work of Davis & White), we demonstrate that L>L* elliptical galaxies contain substantial amounts of dark matter in general. We present constraints on the dark matter scale length and on the dark-to-luminous mass ratio within the optical half-light radius and within the entire galaxy. For example, we find that minimum values of dark matter core radii scale as rdm>4(LV/3L*)3/4 h-180 kpc and that the minimum dark matter mass fraction is ≳20% within one optical effective radius re and is ≳39%-85% within 6re, depending on the stellar density profile and observed value of βspec. We also confirm the prediction of Davis & White that the dark matter is characterized by velocity dispersions that are greater than those of the luminous stars: σ2dm≈1.4-2σ2*. The T-σ relation implies a nearly constant mass-to-light ratio within six half-light radii: M/LV≈25 h80 M☉/LV☉. This conflicts with the simplest extension of cold dark matter theories of large-scale structure formation to galactic scales; we consider several modifications that can better account for the observed T-σ relation.
Construct validation of the Greek version of the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE) and Preferences for Activities of Children (PAC).

BACKGROUND The Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment (CAPE) and the Preferences for Activities of Children (PAC) are 2 measures of children's participation in various activities. The purpose of this study was the validation of the Greek version of "CAPE & PAC. " METHODS The questionnaires were translated and pilot tested on a sample of 25 individuals. The reliability and validity of the questionnaires were tested on 302 individuals (253 typical population, 49 disabled), 6-21 years of age. The construct validity of the instruments was examined the directional hypothesis by comparing known groups with existing differences. An exploratory factor analysis was conducted to determine the validity of the typology of activities. The reliability was examined by checking the internal consistency of the instruments. RESULTS The comparison between divergent groups confirmed the predicted differences of the mean scores and the validity of the instruments. Seven factors (categories of activities) emerged from the factor analysis. The acceptable range of Cronbach alpha for the PAC scale indicated high consistency. CONCLUSION This study provides evidence that partially support the validity and reliability of "CAPE & PAC" instruments to use in Greek population. Further investigation is recommended for both clinical and research purposes.
Benefit of magnesium-25 carrying porphyrin-fullerene nanoparticles in experimental diabetic neuropathy

Diabetic neuropathy (DN) is a debilitating disorder occurring in most diabetic patients without a viable treatment yet. The present work examined the protective effect of 25Mg-PMC16 nanoparticle (porphyrin adducts of cyclohexil fullerene-C60) in a rat model of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced DN. 25Mg-PMC16 (0.5 lethal dose50 [LD50]) was administered intravenously in two consecutive days before intraperitoneal injection of STZ (45 mg/kg). 24Mg-PMC16 and MgCl2 were used as controls. Blood 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG), oxidative stress biomarkers, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) level in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons were determined as biomarkers of DN. Results indicated that 2,3-DPG and ATP decreased whereas oxidative stress increased by induction of DN which all were improved in 25Mg-PMC16-treated animals. No significant changes were observed by administration of 24Mg-PMC16 or MgCl2 in DN rats. It is concluded that in DN, oxidative stress initiates injuries to DRG neurons that finally results in death of neurons whereas administration of 25Mg-PMC16 by release of Mg and increasing ATP acts protectively.