Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Enabling secure and effective near-duplicate detection over encrypted in-network storage

Near-duplicate detection (NDD) plays an essential role for effective resource utilization and possible traffic alleviation in many emerging network architectures, leveraging in-network storage for various content-centric services. As innetwork storage grows, data security has become one major concern. Though encryption is viable for in-network data protection, current techniques are still lacking for effectively locating encrypted near-duplicate data, making the benefits of NDD practically invalidated. Besides, adopting encrypted innetwork storage further complicates the user authorization when locating near-duplicate data from multiple content providers under different keys. In this paper, we propose a secure and effective NDD system over encrypted in-network storage supporting multiple content providers. Our design bridges locality-sensitive hashing (LSH) with a newly developed cryptographic primitive, multi-key searchable encryption, which allows the user to send only one encrypted query to access near-duplicate data encrypted under different keys. It relieves the users from multiple rounds of interactions or sending multiple different queries respectively. As simply applying LSH does not ensure the detection quality, we then leverage Yao's garbled circuits to build a secure protocol to obtain highly accurate results, without user-side post-processing. We formally analyze the security strength. Experiments demonstrate our system achieves practical performance with comparable accuracy to plaintext.
Meat quality attributes of night-cropped Impala (Aepyceros melampus)

The aim of this experiment was to determine the effect of using a heavy or a light calibre rifle for night cropping of impala (Aepyceros melampus) on meat quality (pH, colour, cooking and drip loss, tenderness). The effect of gender on these parameters was also tested. Eight male and eight female impala were shot at night using either a heavy or a light calibre rifle. Sex and rifle calibre had an effect on some of the parameters tested. An exponential function (y = a + b e (ct) ) was fitted to the rate of pH decline with time. Constants for females were : a = 5.667 ± 0.0142, b = 2.097 ± 0.1777 and c = -0.451 ± 0.0541, and constants for males were: a = 5.792 ± 0.0142, b = 3.055 ± 0.1777 and c = -0.711 ± 0.0541. These constants differed (P < 0.05) between sexes. The impala showed a mean pH45 of 7.17 ± 0.0674 and a mean pHf of 5.70 ± 0.068. Mean drip and cooking loses were 2.55 ± 0.300%, 23.98 ± 0.367%, respectively, whilst a mean shear value of 3.65 ± 0.293 kg / 1.27 cm diameter was also noted. The darker colour of venison was reflected in the CIELAB values of the M. longissimus thoracis (L* = 29.22 ± 0.590, a* = 11.26 ± 0.319, b* = 7.36 ± 0.266). One of the animals was stressed prior to and during killing, and showed attributes associated with ante-mortem stress: higher pHf, lower drip loss and darker meat. The results indicate that the present method of cropping ungulates does not have a negative effect on the meat quality parameters tested.
Propiedades psicométricas del test de optimismo Life Orientation Test

Psychometric properties of the "Lif Orientation Test" (LOT): An empirical application of the Multidie mensional Graded Response Model. This study examines the psychometric properties of the LOT-R Spanish adaptation using the m ultidimensional graded response model (MGRM). The study has two purposes: substantive and methodological. From a substantive point of view we want to assess the behaviour of a test which, in its original version, has interesting properties in applied personality measurement. From a methodological point of view our study illustrates the application of the MGRM in the personality domain, and allows us to assess whether the theoretical advantag es of the MGRM are important from an applied point of view. The substantive results suggest that the properties of the Spanish adaptation are similar to those of the original test. The methodological results show that the model has some advantages with respect to traditional analyses. Both type of results are discussed from an applied point of view.
Insights into the beneficial effect of caloric/ dietary restriction for a healthy and prolonged life

Over the last several years, new evidence has kept pouring in about the remarkable effect of caloric restriction (CR) on the conspicuous bedfellows- aging and cancer. Through the use of various animal models, it is now well established that by reducing calorie intake one can not only increase life span but, also, lower the risk of various age related diseases such as cancer. Cancer cells are believed to be more dependent on glycolysis for their energy requirements than normal cells and, therefore, can be easily targeted by alteration in the energy-metabolic pathways, a hallmark of CR. Apart from inhibiting the growth of transplantable tumors, CR has been also shown to inhibit the development of spontaneous, radiation, and chemically induced tumors. The question regarding the potentiality of the anti-tumor effect of CR in humans has been in part answered by the resistance of a cohort of women, who had suffered from anorexia in their early life, to breast cancer. However, human research on the beneficial effect of CR is still at an early stage and needs further validation. Though the complete mechanism of the anti-tumor effect of CR is far from clear, the plausible involvement of nutrient sensing pathways or IGF-1 pathways proposed for its anti-aging action cannot be overruled. In fact, cancer cell lines, mutant for proteins involved in IGF-1 pathways, failed to respond to CR. In addition, CR decreases the levels of many growth factors, anabolic hormones, inflammatory cytokines, and oxidative markers that are deregulated in several cancers. In this review, we discuss the anti-tumor effect of CR, describing experiments done in vitro in tumor models and in vivo in mouse models in which the tumor was induced by means of radiation or chemical exposure, expressing oncogenes or deleting tumor suppression genes. We also discuss the proposed mechanisms of CR anti-tumor action. Lastly, we argue the necessity of gene expression studies in cancerous versus normal cells upon CR.
Teachers' sense of their professional identity

This chapter presents the development of an online instrument contributing to the understanding of teachers’ sense of their professional identity. Teachers’ motivation, job satisfaction, occupational commitment, and self-efficacy were measured, as were personal and context variables. These constructs function as indicators of teachers’ sense of their professional identity. The instrument presented has been developed using data from 122 secondary school teachers from the Netherlands. Using Principal Component Analysis and by calculating Crohnbach’s Alpha, the structure and reliability of the instrument are analysed. The presented findings suggest that by using this online instrument it is possible to measure the constructs as intended in a reliable fashion.
Dehumanizing the Lowest of the Low

Traditionally, prejudice has been conceptualized as simple animosity. The stereotype content model (SCM) shows that some prejudice is worse. The SCM previously demonstrated separate stereotype dimensions of warmth (low-high) and competence (low-high), identifying four distinct out-group clusters. The SCM predicts that only extreme out-groups, groups that are both stereotypically hostile and stereotypically incompetent (low warmth, low competence), such as addicts and the homeless, will be dehumanized. Prior studies show that the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) is necessary for social cognition. Functional magnetic resonance imaging provided data for examining brain activations in 10 participants viewing 48 photographs of social groups and 12 participants viewing objects; each picture dependably represented one SCM quadrant. Analyses revealed mPFC activation to all social groups except extreme (low-low) out-groups, who especially activated insula and amygdala, a pattern consistent with disgust, the emotion predicted by the SCM. No objects, though rated with the same emotions, activated the mPFC. This neural evidence supports the prediction that extreme out-groups may be perceived as less than human, or dehumanized.
wblE2 transcription factor in Streptomyces griseus S4‐7 plays an important role in plant protection

Streptomyces griseus S4‐7 was originally isolated from the strawberry rhizosphere as a microbial agent responsible for Fusarium wilt suppressive soils. S. griseus S4‐7 shows specific and pronounced antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. fragariae. In the Streptomyces genus, the whi transcription factors are regulators of sporulation, cell differentiation, septation, and secondary metabolites production. wblE2 function as a regulator has emerged as a new group in whi transcription factors. In this study, we reveal the involvement of the wblE2 transcription factor in the plant‐protection by S. griseus S4‐7. We generated ΔwblE, ΔwblE2, ΔwhiH, and ΔwhmD gene knock‐out mutants, which showed less antifungal activity both in vitro and in planta. Among the mutants, wblE2 mutant failed to protect the strawberry against the Fusarium wilt pathogen. Transcriptome analyses revealed major differences in the regulation of phenylalanine metabolism, polyketide and siderophore biosynthesis between the S4‐7 and the wblE2 mutant. The results contribute to our understanding of the role of streptomycetes wblE2 genes in a natural disease suppressing system.
Glamour: A History

Stephen Gundle, Professor of Film and Television Studies at Warwick University, has written a substantial and engaging history of the elusive concept and practice(s) of glamour. While Gundle devotes much space to the star system and Hollywood movie actresses from the 1930s through to the 1950s and somewhat less space to television programming, especially of the ‘lifestyles of the rich and famous’ type, in the next few decades, he pays equal attention to the role of novels, the press, paintings and photography in Western Europe and the United States from the late 18th century to the late 20th century. The author’s previous scholarship on mass media, cultural politics and fashion in the 19th century informs this longer and broader historical framework and distinguishes his study of glamour from more specialised (but not necessarily more scholarly) works. (1)
Deterministic Process Groups in dOS

Current multiprocessor systems execute parallel and concurrent software nondeterministically: even when given precisely the same input, two executions of the same program may produce different output. This severely complicates debugging, testing, and automatic replication for fault-tolerance. Previous efforts to address this issue have focused primarily on record and replay, but making execution actually deterministic would address the problem at the root. Our goals in this work are twofold: (1) to provide fully deterministic execution of arbitrary, unmodified, multithreaded programs as an OS service; and (2) to make all sources of intentional nondeterminism, such as network I/O, be explicit and controllable. To this end we propose a new OS abstraction, the Deterministic Process Group (DPG). All communication between threads and processes internal to a DPG happens deterministically, including implicit communication via shared-memory accesses, as well as communication via OS channels such as pipes, signals, and the filesystem. To deal with fundamentally nondeterministic external events, our abstraction includes the shim layer, a programmable interface that interposes on all interaction between a DPG and the external world, making determinism useful even for reactive applications. We implemented the DPG abstraction as an extension to Linux and demonstrate its benefits with three use cases: plain deterministic execution; replicated execution; and record and replay by logging just external input. We evaluated our implementation on both parallel and reactive workloads, including Apache, Chromium, and PARSEC.
Cues to Deception in the Employment Interview

Candidates' use of deceptive impression management (IM) during the employment interview has been found to influence employment outcomes. Unfortunately, interviewers are often unable to detect when deceptive IM is used. The current study applied research on cues to deception to the employment interview context to examine which micro‐ and macro‐level behavioral cues are indicators of deceptive IM. One hundred nine individuals completed mock employment interviews. We found that interviewees who used deceptive IM exhibited restrained facial behavior (i.e., less smiling), unrestrained verbal behavior (i.e., more speaking errors, less silences), and, unexpectedly, gave off the impression of being less anxious. The results suggest that behavioral cues have promise for future efforts to increase interviewers' ability to detect deception.
A Computational Model of Linguistic Humor in Puns

Abstract Humor plays an essential role in human interactions. Precisely what makes something funny, however, remains elusive. While research on natural language understanding has made significant advancements in recent years, there has been little direct integration of humor research with computational models of language understanding. In this paper, we propose two information‐theoretic measures—ambiguity and distinctiveness—derived from a simple model of sentence processing. We test these measures on a set of puns and regular sentences and show that they correlate significantly with human judgments of funniness. Moreover, within a set of puns, the distinctiveness measure distinguishes exceptionally funny puns from mediocre ones. Our work is the first, to our knowledge, to integrate a computational model of general language understanding and humor theory to quantitatively predict humor at a fine‐grained level. We present it as an example of a framework for applying models of language processing to understand higher level linguistic and cognitive phenomena.
Overview of the Author Profiling Task at PAN 2013

This overview presents the framework and results for the Author Pro- filing task at PAN 2013. We describe in detail the corpus and its characteristics, and the evaluation framework we used to measure the participants performance to solve the problem of identifying age and gender from anonymous texts. Finally, the approaches of the 21 participants and their results are described.
Kaal - A Real Time Stream Mining Algorithm

Finding frequent patterns in a data stream has been one of the daunting tasks since its inception. Mining data streams are allowed only one look at the data, and techniques have to keep pace with the arrival of new data. Furthermore, dynamic data streams pose new challenges, because their underlying distribution might be changing. Most importantly, the stream mining algorithm must be fast enough to adapt itself to slow as well as very fast data streams. In this paper, we have introduced a new stream mining algorithm called Kaal - Sanskrit word for time - that is significantly better than existing classical algorithms. Further, Kaal is capable of adapting well to variable batch sizes. The batches are decided by a fixed time quanta, any number of transactions coming in that time interval constitutes that batch. Previous stream mining algorithms demand fixed batch sizes, which in real world scenario becomes difficult to realize or fail to provide periodic real-time results.
A multi-user ad-hoc resource manager for smart spaces

Advancement in mobile devices makes possible to add more features to them while reducing the size. If we also consider the fact that they posses advance communications features, we can convert these devices into the central manager of userspsila activities. One feature in this line is the ability to control the devices surrounding the user. Problems arise when the devices belong to a shared space. In this case we also need to consider interactions and conflicts between users. In this research we present a multi-user ad-hoc resource manager for smart spaces, which allow us to control devices present in the area, and avoid conflicts between users.
Quantifying the Frequency of Alloreactive T Cells In Vivo: New Answers to an Old Question1

Alloreactive T cell precursor frequency was measured in vivo using fluorescent dye labeling in combination with novel models based on lymphocyte activation and recovery. CFSE-labeled C57BL/6 (H-2b) spleen and lymph node cells were adoptively transferred to C57BL/6×DBA F1 (H-2b/d) recipients, a parent→F1 MHC mismatch in which only donor cells respond. Recipients were sacrificed at serial time points to assess engraftment efficiency, and the extent of donor cell activation and proliferation. These data were used to calculate alloreactive T cell frequencies that varied 30-fold (0.71 ± 0.31% to 21.05 ± 3.62%), depending upon whether it was assumed that all donor cells injected became established and were capable of responding, or that only those present at later time points (24–72 h) were available to respond. By measuring the number of cells established in the recipient 24 h after transfer, before proliferation, we calculated an in vivo alloreactive frequency of ∼7%. Using CD69 expression at 48 h to quantify activation, we found that 40–50% of the alloactivated CD4+ donor T cells do not divide. Studies of cotransferred congenic and allogeneic cells demonstrated that bystander proliferation does not occur. We conclude that accurate calculations of alloreactive precursor frequency must account for both proliferation and cell engraftment. When this is done, a high percentage of alloreactive T cells exists across an MHC mismatch, but not all alloreactive cells proliferate in vivo. Bystander proliferation is negligible, revealing exquisite specificity to the alloresponse. These data provide a novel approach to quantify alloreactive T cell responses during specific immunomodulatory strategies in vivo.
Cortisol, prolactin, cytokines and the susceptibility of pregnant Sudanese women to Plasmodium falciparum malaria

Abstract Understanding the hormonal and cytokine interactions that underlie susceptibility to the disease should be helpful in elucidating the pathogenesis of malaria during pregnancy. The current study was conducted in the Wad Medani hospital, in an area of central Sudan that is characterised by unstable malarial transmission. Its aims were to investigate the roles and interactions of cortisol, prolactin, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in pregnant women with Plasmodium falciparum malaria. The 82 pregnant subjects who were enrolled either had uncomplicated, P. falciparum malaria (the 47 cases) or were apparently uninfected and healthy women (the 37 controls) who were similar to the cases in terms of their mean age, weight, gravidity, gestational age and haemoglobin concentration. Compared with the controls, the cases were found to have significantly higher serum concentrations of total cortisol and IL-10 and significantly lower levels of prolactin and IFN-γ (but similar concentrations of IL-4). The hormone and cytokine concentrations measured in the infected primigravidae were similar to those recorded in the infected multigravidae. Among the cases, there was a significant positive correlation between serum cortisol and IL-10 (r=0.188; P=0.025) and significant negative correlations between prolactin and both IL-4 (r=−0.175; P=0.038) and IL-10 (r=−0.186; P=0.027) but no significant correlation between prolactin and cortisol. During pregnancy, immune responses appear to be influenced by P. falciparum infections, irrespective of parity. Cortisol, prolactin and some cytokines appear to be key mediators in the host response to P. ? falciparum infection, although further research on this subject is clearly needed.
Inhibition of platelet-derived growth factor receptors reduces interstitial hypertension and increases transcapillary transport in tumors.

Most solid malignancies display interstitial hypertension and a poor uptake of anticancer drugs. Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and the cognate tyrosine kinase receptors are expressed in many tumors. Signaling through PDGFbeta receptors was shown recently to increase interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) in dermis after anaphylaxis-induced lowering of IFP. In this study, we show that treatment with the selective PDGF receptor kinase inhibitor, STI571, formerly known as CGP57148B, decreased the interstitial hypertension and increased capillary-to-interstitium transport of 51Cr-EDTA in s.c. growing rat PROb colonic carcinomas. Furthermore, treatment with an antagonistic PDGF-B oligonucleotide aptamer decreased interstitial hypertension in these tumors. PDGFbeta receptors were expressed in blood vessels and stromal cells but not in the tumor cells of PROb colonic carcinomas. Our study indicates a previously unrecognized role of PDGF receptors in tumor biology, although similar effects of PDGF on IFP have been demonstrated previously in the dermis. The data suggest interference with PDGF receptors, or their ligands, as a novel strategy to increase drug uptake and therapeutic effectiveness of cancer chemotherapy.
Leaders Enhance Group Members' Work Engagement and Reduce Their Burnout by Crafting Social Identity

Previous research has examined burnout and work engagement as a function of demands and resources at work. Yet we know little about the ways in which these are determined by people's social experience as a member of their workgroup as shaped, in particular, by leaders' management of shared identity. To address these issues, we propose a model in which leaders' identity entrepreneurship (the degree to which the leader promotes understanding of shared group identity) impacts on group performance through burnout and work engagement. We tested our model in a field study with 641 participants from the US working population who responded to their workgroup leader and indicated their health. Results indicated that when leaders acted as identity entrepreneurs, group members not only reported higher group performance but also experienced less burnout and were more engaged at work. Moreover, the relationship between identity entrepreneurship and group performance was mediated by an increase in work engagement and a reduction in burnout both of which in turn facilitated group performance. These findings suggest that what it means for health-protective leaders to be ‘transformational’ is being capable of facilitating the development of a special sense of ‘us' that they and group members share.