Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Composition analysis of some selected legumes for protein isolates recovery.

Four different legumesi.e. chickpea, lentil, broad and kidney beans were evaluated for chemical components, antinutritiona l profilingandprotein isolates recovery includingyield.In tested legumes, antinutritional compounds like phytates and trypsin inhibitor activit ieswerehigher in kidney bean whereas, haemagglutinin -lectin contentin broad bean.However,trypsin inhibit oractivity waslowest in lentil after hydration followed by cooking treatment . Proximate composition revealed that lentilcontained crudeprotein content 31.12±1.68%, followed by chickpea (22.83±1.0 7%), broad bean (22.61±1.24%) and kidney beans ( 20.09±0.52%). The isoelectric precipitation method was usedforthe recovery ofrespectiveproteinisolatesfrom defatted legume samples . Lentil and chickpea showed higherprotein isolates recovery,andyieldas comparedto other legumes . Electophoretic identificat ion explicatedthat legumeprotein isolates polypeptide bandsfall within the range of 4-70kDa.It is deduced that lentil and chickpea had betterprotein isolates recovery and yield thus suitable for the preparation of protein enriched food formulations .
Technology Regimes and New Firm Formation

At least since Schumpeter (1934 and 1942), researchers have been interested in identifying the dimensions of technology regimes that facilitate new firm formation as a mode of technology exploitation. Using data on 1,397 patents assigned to the Massachusetts Institute of Technology during the 1980-1996 period, I show that four hypothesized dimensions of the technology regime--the age of the technical field, the tendency of the market toward segmentation, the effectiveness of patents, and the importance of complementary assets in marketing and distribution--influence the likelihood that new technology will be exploited through firm formation.
Vortioxetine for the treatment of major depressive disorder

Vortioxetine (Brintellix®, 1-[2-(2,4-dimethylphenyl-sulfanyl)-phenyl]-piperazine) is a multimodal antidepressant targeting the 5-HT1A, 5-HT1B, 5-HT1D, 5-HT3, 5-HT7 receptors and the serotonin (5-HT) transporter (5-HTT). Vortioxetine administration induces antidepressant- and anxiolytic-like effects, and can enhance cognitive performance in rodents. Several clinical trials have reported the efficiency and a satisfactory tolerability of vortioxetine treatment in depressed patients. Remarkably, vortioxetine has a specific positive impact on cognitive symptoms in depressed patients. Overall, vortioxetine is an efficacious antidepressant drug for the treatment of patients with a major depressive episode and has a unique mechanism of action offering a new therapeutic option.
Evaluating Secondary Students’ Scientific Reasoning in Genetics Using a Two‐Tier Diagnostic Instrument

While genetics has remained as one key topic in school science, it continues to be conceptually and linguistically difficult for students with the concomitant debates as to what should be taught in the age of biotechnology. This article documents the development and implementation of a two‐tier multiple‐choice instrument for diagnosing grades 10 and 12 students’ understanding of genetics in terms of reasoning. The pretest and posttest forms of the diagnostic instrument were used alongside other methods in evaluating students’ understanding of genetics in a case‐based qualitative study on teaching and learning with multiple representations in three Western Australian secondary schools. Previous studies have shown that a two‐tier diagnostic instrument is useful in probing students’ understanding or misunderstanding of scientific concepts and ideas. The diagnostic instrument in this study was designed and then progressively refined, improved, and implemented to evaluate student understanding of genetics in three case schools. The final version of the instrument had Cronbach’s alpha reliability of 0.75 and 0.64, respectively, for its pretest and the posttest forms when it was administered to a group of grade 12 students (n = 17). This two‐tier diagnostic instrument complemented other qualitative data collection methods in this research in generating a more holistic picture of student conceptual learning of genetics in terms of scientific reasoning. Implications of the findings of this study using the diagnostic instrument are discussed.
Individual Differences in Driver Stress and Performance

80 subjects high and low in vulnerability to driver stress participated in a study of simulated driving performance. Subjects completed the Driving Behaviour Inventory, which assesses vulnerability through a Dislike of Driving scale. Half the subjects performed in a ‘stress’ condition, in which they frequently lost control of vehicle steering, the remainder in a non-stressful control condition. Two performance measures were analyzed: response time (RT) on a secondary attentional task, and a measure of lateral tracking. The stress manipulation was more strongly related to longer RTs in high Dislike of Driving subjects than in low Dislike subjects. However, slowing of response was more pronounced on straight than on curved road sections, i.e. when the driving task is relatively undemanding. This finding suggests that stress-related impairment is not simply due to overload of attention. Instead, the stress-vulnerable driver may have difficulties in matching effort to task demands, with under-mobilisation of effort when the task appears relatively easy. Lateral tracking data were also consistent with this hypothesis. Self-report data suggested that the manipulation was generally effective in inducing subjective stress symptoms. However, high Dislike subjects tended to react to the manipulation with particularly high levels of intrusive thoughts and ‘cognitive interference’.
Utility of mammography for chronic kidney disease patients undergoing kidney transplant evaluation

Transplant centers typically require screening mammography (MMG) for women ≥40 during evaluation. American Cancer Society recommends starting annual MMG at 40, while USPSTF recommends biennial MMG at 50. We sought to determine the effect of age and other breast malignancy risk factors on screening MMG in the pre‐transplant renal failure population undergoing transplant evaluation.
On Achievable Rates and Error Exponents for Channels With Mismatched Decoding

The problem of characterizing achievable rates and error exponents for discrete memoryless channels with mismatched decoding is addressed. A mismatched cognitive multiple-access channel is introduced, and an inner bound on its capacity region is derived using two alternative encoding methods: 1) superposition coding and 2) random binning. The inner bounds are derived by analyzing the average error probability of the code ensemble for both methods and by a tight characterization of the resulting error exponents. Random coding converse theorems are also derived. A comparison of the achievable regions shows that in the matched case, random binning performs as well as superposition coding, i.e., the region achievable by random binning is equal to the capacity region. The achievability results are further specialized to obtain a lower bound on the mismatch capacity of the single-user channel by investigating a cognitive multiple-access channel whose achievable sum-rate serves as a lower bound on the single-user channel's capacity. While the achievable rate presented here may not improve the rate achieved by Lapidoth's scheme in optimizing over the parameters of the random coding scheme, it can improve the achieved rate for given parameters, and thereby may reduce the computational complexity required to find a good code.
SITE FIDELITY, ASSOCIATIONS, AND MOVEMENTS OF CUVIER'S (ZIPHIUS CAVIROSTRIS) AND BLAINVILLE'S (MESOPLODON DENSIROSTRIS) BEAKED WHALES OFF THE ISLAND OF HAWAI‘I

Although the Ziphiidae are the second-most speciose family of cetaceans, information on beaked whale species and populations has been limited by the difficulties in finding and approaching free-ranging individuals. Site fidelity, patterns of association, and movements of two species, Cuvier’s (Ziphius cavirostris) and Blainville’s (Mesoplodon densirostris) beaked whales, were assessed using a 21-yr photographic data set from the west coast of the island of Hawai‘i. Resightings of individuals of both species spanned 15 yr, suggesting long-term site fidelity to the area. Long-term resightings were documented primarily from adult females of both species. Group sizes for both species were small and most groups had only a single adult male present. For Blainville’s beaked whales, repeated associations between adult females and adult males were documented for all resightings of adult males over periods from 1 to 154 d. Among adult females, although repeated associations occurred up to 9 yr apart, individuals were seen separately in intervening years. Individuals
The Kansei semantic space in children's clothing

When designers begin to create new product, they need to explore on new shapes or elements that represent the consumer preferences which will account not only the tangible demands but also the subjective preferences. In this research, we give our attention to the design of female children's clothing in the context of urban wear from the age of one till six years old in Malaysia by the implementation of Kansei Engineering methodology. Reported in this paper is the result of the initial study, which aim to investigate the emotional design preferences of the perceived images or objects of children's clothing and investigate how these personal preferences work to the desirable products. It is part of our future objective to develop intelligent web based system that account for emotional acquisition on the clothing design attributes. It is believed the emotional desire elicited by the consumer can influence what constitute quality design and the decision to purchase a product. The main objective of this exploratory study is to investigate associations between consumer's subjective emotional responses towards children's clothing so that similar dimension could be summarized. The outcome will result to more objective emotional dimension analyzed by Correlation Coefficient Analysis, in which 40 dimension of emotions are identified. The research concludes that this dimension of emotion could be used in describing the design of children's wear which evoke the children's sensibility and psychological feelings of pleasurable and desirable.
The psychosocial impact of oral conditions during transition to secondary education.

AIM Transition to secondary education is a significant life event. Little is known about the impact of oro-facial conditions during this time and how concerns may contribute as a risk factor to negative adaptation. The aim of the study was to explore experiences of young people with oro-facial conditions as they undergo the transition to secondary education. STUDY DESIGN Qualitative interview and diary study. METHODS Participants were children aged 11-12 years with a range of clinical conditions who attended a dental hospital. Participants completed a two-week diary during the transition and were interviewed about the diary and their experiences. The interviews were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim. RESULTS Seventeen participants returned the diary and were interviewed; they described both changes in school environment and social interactions. A key finding was the concerns about aspects of themselves that children developed during this time. For some young people these concerns were about their oro-facial condition. No links between gender, severity of condition and experiences of school were apparent. CONCLUSION Transition to secondary education affected young people to varying degrees. Timely treatment for those concerned about the condition of their teeth may improve the likelihood of positive adaptation.
Performance Variations of a 66GHz Static CML Divider in 90nm CMOS

A 66GHz maximum operating clock frequency is measured for a 90nm CMOS static CML divide-by-2 with a 25.5mW latch power dissipation. Statistical self-oscillation frequency measurements exhibit a mean of 42.6 and 39.2GHz at 25degC and 85degC, and a 2.8GHz standard deviation. The mean dissipated power is 44.3mW at 1.4V, with a 2.2mW standard deviation
Antiviral Activity of Arabinosylthymine in Herpesviral Replication: Mechanism of Action In Vivo and In Vitro

1-β-d-Arabinofuranosylthymine (ara-T), a metabolite of the sponge Tethya crypta, has shown selective activity against herpes simplex virus (HSV) replication (G. A. Gentry and J. F. Aswell, Virology 65:294–296, 1975). Analysis of HSV-infected and uninfected cell lysates by CsCl isopycnic centrifugation showed that ara-T blocked the incorporation of [3H]hypoxanthine into viral deoxyribonucleic acid and, to a large extent, into host deoxyribonucleic acid of infected (but not uninfected) cells. Additional experiments with [γ-32P]adenosine 5′-triphosphate as a radiophosphate donor demonstrated that ara-T is phosphorylated by extracts of HSV-infected BHK cells and not by those of uninfected cells. At an ara-T concentration that almost completely inhibited the growth of LM cells, which had been transformed to a pyrimidine deoxyribonucleoside kinase+ (dPyK+) phenotype by ultraviolet-inactivated HSV-1, the growth of uninfected LM cells was not affected. These results indicate that the viral dPyK is responsible for the selective antiviral activity of ara-T. This conclusion was further supported by experiments that showed that the replication of a variety of dPyK− mutants of HSV-1 and HSV-2 were not affected by ara-T and that ara-T inhibited the phosphorylation of deoxycytidine and deoxythymidine by HSV-1 dPyK, but not by host deoxycytidine and deoxythymidine kinases, respectively. Ara-T also selectively inhibited the replication of equine herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) in vitro and was effective against EHV-1 infection in vivo in hamsters. Further, EHV-1 was inhibited by ara-T and by bromodeoxyuridine in LM cells lacking a cytosol thymidine kinase, suggesting that EHV-1 induces a dPyK. Finally, spectrophotometric assay for thymine suggested that ara-T is not a substrate for nucleoside phosphorylase of hamster liver, and a microbiological assay indicated that substantial amounts of ara-T were excreted in the urine of uninfected hamsters that had received a single injection of 5 mg of ara-T, the amount given in each injection in the in vivo experiments with EHV-1.
Conditional responding , but not decision-making is impaired in alcohol-dependent participants without amnesia

Bechara (2003) puts forward a model of disturbances in executive functions related to addiction. This model involves deficits in decision-making and in suppressing pre-potent representations or response patterns. In this study we tested this model in 29 individuals with long-term heavy alcohol dependency and compared their performance with that of 20 control subjects. Only individuals without memory impairment, with normal intelligence and normal visual response times were included. We examined word fluency, object alternation, spatial stimulus response incompatibility, extra-dimensional shift learning and decision making using the Gambling task, and subtracted the performance in a control condition from that of the executive condition, in order to focus specifically on the executive component of each task. Only object alternation and incompatibility revealed significant differences between the group of alcoholics and the control group. Moreover, response times in the object alternation task correlated with duration of alcohol dependency. We conclude that long-term alcohol abuse leads to an impairment in conditional responding provided the response depends on former reactions or the inhibition of pre-potent response patterns. Moreover, the results do not argue in favour of a specific deficit in decision-making or in shifting between relevant representations.
Neural substrates of cognitive control under the belief of getting neurofeedback training

Learning to modulate one's own brain activity is the fundament of neurofeedback (NF) applications. Besides the neural networks directly involved in the generation and modulation of the neurophysiological parameter being specifically trained, more general determinants of NF efficacy such as self-referential processes and cognitive control have been frequently disregarded. Nonetheless, deeper insight into these cognitive mechanisms and their neuronal underpinnings sheds light on various open NF related questions concerning individual differences, brain-computer interface (BCI) illiteracy as well as a more general model of NF learning. In this context, we investigated the neuronal substrate of these more general regulatory mechanisms that are engaged when participants believe that they are receiving NF. Twenty healthy participants (40–63 years, 10 female) performed a sham NF paradigm during fMRI scanning. All participants were novices to NF-experiments and were instructed to voluntarily modulate their own brain activity based on a visual display of moving color bars. However, the bar depicted a recording and not the actual brain activity of participants. Reports collected at the end of the experiment indicate that participants were unaware of the sham feedback. In comparison to a passive watching condition, bilateral insula, anterior cingulate cortex and supplementary motor and dorsomedial and lateral prefrontal areas were activated when participants actively tried to control the bar. In contrast, when merely watching moving bars, increased activation in the left angular gyrus was observed. These results show that the intention to control a moving bar is sufficient to engage a broad frontoparietal and cingulo-opercular network involved in cognitive control. The results of the present study indicate that tasks such as those generally employed in NF training recruit the neuronal correlates of cognitive control even when only sham NF is presented.
An excursion with the Boltzmann equation at low speeds : variance-reduced DSMC

The goal of the present thesis is to develop a practical method for simulating lowsignal kinetic (small-scale) gaseous flows. These flows have recently received renewed attention in connection with the design and optimization of MEMS/NEMS devices operating in gaseous environments; they are typically described using the Boltzmann equation which is most efficiently solved using a stochastic particle simulation method known as direct simulation Monte Carlo (DSMC). The latter is a simple and versatile simulation method which is very efficient in producing samples of the single particle distribution function which can be used for estimating hydrodynamic properties. Unfortunately, in cases where the signal of interest is small (e.g. low-speed flows), the computational cost associated with reducing the statistical uncertainty of simulation outputs becomes overwhelming. This thesis presents a variance reduction approach for reducing the statistical uncertainty associated with low-signal flows thus making their simulation not only possible but also efficient. Variance reduction is achieved using a control variate approach based on the observation that low-signal flows are typically close to an equilibrium state. As with previous variance reduction methods, significant variance reduction is achieved making the simulation of arbitrarily small deviations from equilibrium possible. However, in contrast to previous variance-reduction methods, the method proposed, which we will refer to as VRDSMC, is able to reduce the variance with virtually no modification to the standard DSMC algorithm. This is achieved by introducing an auxiliary equilibrium simulation which, via an importance weight formulation, uses the same particle data as the non-equilibrium (DSMC) calculation; subtracting the equilibrium from the non-equilibrium hydrodynamic fields drastically reduces the statistical uncertainty of the latter because the two fields are correlated. By retaining the basic DSMC formulation, in contrast to previous approaches, the VRDSMC approach combines ease of implementation with computational efficiency and the ability to simulate all molecular interaction models available within the DSMC formulation. Our validation tests show that the proposed VRDSMC method provides consid3 erable variance reduction for only a small increase in computational cost and approximation error compared to equivalent DSMC simulations. In other words, by addressing the major weakness associated with DSMC, VRDSMC is well suited to the solution of low-signal kinetic problems of practical interest. Thesis Supervisor: N. G. Hadjiconstantinou Title: Associate Professor
Developing students' ability to ask more and better questions resulting from inquiry-type chemistry laboratories

This study focuses on the ability of high-school chemistry students, who learn chemistry through the inquiry approach, to ask meaningful and scientifically sound questions. We investigated (a) the ability of students to ask questions related to their observations and findings in an inquiry-type experiment (a practical test) and (b) the ability of students to ask questions after critically reading a scientific article. The student population consisted of two groups: an inquiry-laboratory group (experimental group) and a traditional laboratory-type group (control group). The three common features investigated were (a) the number of questions that were asked by each of the students, (b) the cognitive level of the questions, and (c) the nature of the questions that were chosen by the students, for the purpose of further investigation. Importantly, it was found that students in the inquiry group who had experience in asking questions in the chemistry laboratory outperformed the control grouping in their ability to ask more and better questions.
How Many Games Are We Playing? An Experimental Analysis of Choice Bracketing in Games

A subject brackets two decisions if she "choose[s] an option in each case without full regard to the other. " Although in most situations such behavior is unlikely to be optimal, it is well documented in experiments where subjects make decisions in the absence of strategic considerations. This paper uses an economic experiment to investigate whether subjects also bracket their decisions in games. Subjects played two Volunteer's Dilemmas at the same time, with the payoffs from both games added to their earnings. In a lottery task, subjects were generally revealed to be risk-averse narrow bracketers. Aggregate play in the Roommate's Dilemma is not consistent with predictions made by assuming all subjects either narrowly or broadly bracket. On the individual level, structural modeling suggests that most subjects bracket narrowly in the game.