Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of anomaly detection based on classification in relation to SCADA

The accelerating development of information and communication technologies have an eminent influence on contemporary society. As a result, we have an opportunity to increase our effectiveness. However, there is a drawback. Contemporary systems becoming much more interconnected and opened. However, it negatively affects cyber security of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems. Therefore, the reliable security system must be applied in order to increase system resilience. The article deals with widely used systems for intrusion detection (IDS). These systems are an indispensable basis for cyber security of every organization. The aim of the article is to evaluate an anomaly detection predictive models based on classification.
Modern key techologies in automatics: Structures and numerical optimization of regulators

One of the most important tasks of the automatics and robotics is the design of the feedback regulators for the controlling and stabilization systems. This task contends on the two parts: the design of the regulator structure and the numerical calculation or optimization of its parameters. The paper discusses the both tasks and proposes the adequate decisions for the most difficult examples.
Compressibility and Resource Bounded Measure

We give a new definition of resource bounded measure based on compressibility of infinite binary strings. We prove that the new definition is equivalent to the one commonly used. This new characterization offers us a different way to look at resource bounded measure, shedding more light on the meaning of measure zero results and providing one more tool to prove such results.
Persistent dysgeusia post-halitosis treatment: How does it impact the patients’ quality of life?

Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the quality of life and the presence of anxiety and depression in patients with dysgeusia post halitosis treatment. Material and Methods Sixty patients were divided into three groups: Dysgeusia group (DG); Halitosis group (HG) and Control group (CG). The following instruments were used: Medical results study Short form health research of 36 items (SF-36), State-state anxiety inventory (STAI) and Self-report questionnaire-20 (SRQ-20). Results Of the 60 subjects studied, 85% were female and 15% were male. The evaluation of SF-36 indicated a statistically significant correlation between some domains for DG and showed low scores for Mental Health. In relation to HG, low scores were obtained for Bodily Pain, Vitality and Emotional Role. The CG showed low scores for Bodily Pain, General Health and Vitality. STAI was significant when DG was compared to HG and CG. The mean SRQ-20 score was higher in DG compared with the other groups. Conclusions Persistent dysgeusia post-halitosis treatment impacts on QoL generically in the Mental health domain, and specifically in trait and state anxiety. Symptoms of depression were also seen in this group of patients. Key words:Anxiety, depression, dysgeusia, halitosis, oral health, quality of life.
Interaction of Rhizosphere Bacteria, Fertilizer, and Vesicular-Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi with Sea Oats

Plants must be established quickly on replenished beaches in order to stabilize the sand and begin the dune-building process. The objective of this research was to determine whether inoculation of sea oats (Uniola paniculata L.) with bacteria (indigenous rhizosphere bacteria and N2 fixers) alone or in combination with vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi would enhance plant growth in beach sand. At two fertilizer-N levels, Klebsiella pneumoniae and two Azospirillum spp. did not provide the plants with fixed atmospheric N; however, K. pneumoniae increased root and shoot growth. When a sparingly soluble P source (CaHPO4) was added to two sands, K. pneumoniae increased plant growth in sand with a high P content. The phosphorus content of shoots was not affected by bacterial inoculation, indicating that a mechanism other than bacterially enhanced P availability to plants was responsible for the growth increases. When sea oats were inoculated with either K. pneumoniae or Acaligenes denitrificans and a mixed Glomus inoculum, there was no consistent evidence of a synergistic effect on plant growth. Nonetheless, bacterial inoculation increased root colonization by vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi when the fungal inoculum consisted of colonized roots but had no effect on colonization when the inoculum consisted of spores alone. K. pneumoniae was found to increase spore germination and hyphal growth of Glomus deserticola compared with the control. The use of bacterial inoculants to enhance establishment of pioneer dune plants warrants further study.
Everyday Life Situations of School-Aged Children with Severe Disabilities: What are the Goals for the Future? An Exploratory Study

This study investigated present and future everyday life situations (ELS) in home, school, work, and leisure environments for a group of school-aged children with severe disabilities, including complex disorders and a combination of disabilities. The purpose was to explore universal ELS; clarify how the children can be supported in their development of autonomy; and to gather information on potential overall goals for interventions. To make data comparable, all reported ELS were linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, Child and Youth version (ICF-CY) and listed along with information on the setting. Both today, and in the future, recreational activities and participation in school or work were of highest importance, but few reported ELS involved directly interacting with other children. More ELS were predicted to occur outside the home and with a higher degree of autonomy. Therefore, interventions would be focused on the overall goal that children with severe disabilities take initiatives to become independent and to form relationships with others.
Enjoying the Operatic Voice: A Neuropsychoanalytic Exploration of the Operatic Reception Experience

There has been a long-standing and mutually-informing association between psychoanalysis, literature and the arts. Surprisingly, given the oral/aural basis of the ‘talking cure’, music has largely been overlooked by psychoanalysis. On the other hand, neuroscientific research investigating music reception and production has been increasing steadily in range and scope over the years. However, in order to avoid confounding factors, empirical studies have focused primarily on non-vocal music. Operatic vocal music has not featured prominently in either field. Yet the multidimensional, multi-layered nature of opera, which fuses together a number of different arts, would appear to provide fertile soil for both disciplines. This thesis aims to fill that gap, providing a stepping stone for further research. The individual strengths of psychoanalysis and neuroscience are leveraged separately at first, according to a ‘complementarist’ approach, and then jointly as the inter-discipline of neuropsychoanalysis. By combining various theories of mind with current knowledge about music processing in the brain, a more comprehensive understanding of the reception experience can be achieved. As a result, a neuropsychoanalytic theory can be formulated to account for the operatic reception experience in subjective as well as objective terms. According to this theoretical formulation, the bittersweet enjoyment of operatic vocal music, which can literally move an operaphile to tears, lies in a number of subjective dynamics that are unique to the reception of opera, rather than in any distinct objective neural processes, which are common to the reception of all music. These subjective dynamics, which are recruited during neural processing, are triggered by the equally unique features of the operatic voice, in combination with a number of auxiliary elements that are specific to opera.
RANK/RANK-L/OPG in Patients with Bone Metastases Treated with Anticancer Agents and Zoledronic Acid: A Prospective Study

Patients with solid cancer frequently develop bone metastases (BM). Zoledronic acid (Zometa®, ZA), routinely used to treat patients with BM, acts on osteoclasts and also has antitumor properties. We aimed to assess the effect of ZA over time in novel bone turnover markers (RANK/receptor activator of nuclear factor-k B ligand (RANK-L)/Osteoprotegerin (OPG)) and to correlate these with serum N-terminal telopeptide (NTX). The study prospectively evaluated levels of RANK, RANK-L and OPG transcripts by real-time PCR and NTX expression by ELISA in the peripheral blood of 49 consecutive patients with advanced breast, lung or prostate cancer. All patients received the standard ZA schedule and were monitored for 12 months. Median baseline values of RANK, RANK-L and OPG were 78.28 (range 7.34–620.64), 319.06 (21.42–1884.41) and 1.52 (0.10–58.02), respectively. At 12 months, the median RANK-L value had decreased by 22% with respect to the baseline, whereas median OPG levels had increased by about 96%. Consequently, the RANK-L/OPG ratio decreased by 56% from the baseline. Median serum NTX levels decreased over the 12-month period, reaching statistical significance (p < 0.0001). Our results would seem to indicate that ZA modulates RANK, RANK-L and OPG expression, thus decreasing osteoclast activity.
Gaining Surgical Access for Repositioning the Inferior Alveolar Neurovascular Bundle

This study is aimed at determining anatomical landmarks that can be used to gain access to the inferior alveolar neurovascular (IAN) bundle. Scanned CBCT (i-CAT machine) data of sixty patients and reconstructions performed using the SimPlant dental implant software were reviewed. Outcome variables were the linear distances of the mandibular canal to the inferior border and the buccal cortex of the mandible, measured immediately at the mental foramen (D1) and at 10, 20, 30, and 40 mm (D2–D5) distal to it. Predictor variables were age, ethnicity, and gender of subjects. Apicobasal assessment of the canal reveals that it is curving downward towards the inferior mandibular border until 20 mm (D3) distal to the mental foramen where it then curves upwards, making an elliptic-arc curve. The mandibular canal also forms a buccolingually oriented elliptic arc in relation to the buccal cortex. Variations due to age, ethnicity, and gender were evident and this study provides an accurate anatomic zone for gaining surgical access to the IAN bundle. The findings indicate that the buccal cortex-IAN distance was greatest at D3. Therefore, sites between D2 and D5 can be used as favorable landmarks to access the IAN bundle with the least complications to the patient.
Proteasome 19S RP and translation preinitiation complexes are secreted within exosomes upon serum starvation

The aim of our study was to investigate the impact of macroautophagy on exosome secretion. Exosomes are small membrane vesicles released in the extracellular space upon fusion of multivesicular endosomes with the plasma membrane. They were initially discovered as a way to remodel the reticulocyte plasma membrane before entering the blood circulation (Current Opinion in Hematology 2010, 17:177‐183) and are now essentially studied as mediators of intercellular communication. Using iTRAQ proteomics, we compared the protein composition of purified exosomes secreted by cells impaired or not for macroautophagy by Atg5 depletion, during serum starvation conditions or complete medium culture. We show that the absence of serum modifies exosomal content, especially inducing secretion of two cytoplasmic protein complexes, namely proteasomal 19S regulatory particle (RP) and components of noncanonical translation preinitiation complex (PIC). This process is enhanced when autophagy is impaired by Atg5 depletion. Moreover, we show that the proteasome 20S core particle (CP) is released in the extracellular space. However, in striking contrast to what seen for its 19S RP regulator, release is independent of the exosomal vesicles, Atg5 expression and cell culture conditions. Exosome secretion can thus be considered as a cell process that participates in and reflects cell homeostasis, and care must be taken when studying potential extracellular function of exosomes due to the possible copurification of proteasome 20S CP.
The structure of the hydrodynamic plasma flow near the heliopause stagnation point

The plasma flow in the vicinity of the heliopause stagnation point in the presence of the H atom flow is studied. The plasma at both sides of the heliopause is considered to be a single fluid. The back reaction of the plasma flow on the H atom flow is neglected, and the density, temperature and velocity of the H atom flow are taken to be constant. The solution describing the plasma flow is obtained in the form of power series expansions with respect to the radial distance from the symmetry axis. The main conclusion made on the basis of the obtained solution is that the heliopause is not the surface of discontinuity anymore. Rather, it is the surface separating the flows of the solar wind and interstellar medium with all plasma parameters continuous at this surface.
Exploring semantic memory organization using a proactive interference paradigm

Several decades of research into semantic memory have yielded two main perspectives as to how semantic memory may be organized. One hypothesis is that information is stored according to taxonomical categories (e.g., animals, objects); the other hypothesis suggests that information is stored according to featural attributes (e.g., functional and perceptual properties). Using a proactive interference (PI) paradigm, this study aimed to investigate these two hypotheses by contrasting the impact of categorical and featural cues on patterns of PI effects (i.e., buildup and release). Using the same stimuli and task, while examining recall performance and intrusion errors when featural and categorical information were opposed, allowed for a direct measure of the contribution of these two types of information for semantic organization. To explore semantic organization across the lifespan, 20 healthy younger and 20 healthy older participants were tested. Given that semantic memory deficits frequently occur in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the performance of the healthy older participants was also compared to 16 participants with AD to examine differences in semantic organization of featural and categorical information in individuals for whom there is a potential breakdown of semantic memory. All groups showed expected PI effects when stimuli were categorically cued. Participants also showed a release from PI when the featural cue changed (but the category remained the same). An unexpected release from PI effect was found in the featural PI continued condition in which the featural cue remained the same (e.g., USED FOR TRANSPORTATION) but there was an implicit switch in category (e.g., from OBJECTS to ANIMALS). The results are discussed in terms of the implications for the categorical and featural hypotheses of semantic memory organization.
The neuropsychology of the schizo-obsessive subtype of schizophrenia: a new analysis

Background Interest in the neuro-cognitive profile of patients with schizophrenia and co-morbid obsessive compulsive disorder (schizo-OCD) is rising in response to reports of high co-morbidity rates. Whereas schizophrenia has been associated with global impairment in a wide range of neuro-cognitive domains, OCD is associated with specific deficits featuring impaired performance on tasks of motor and cognitive inhibition involving frontostriatal neuro-circuitry. Method We compared cognitive function using the CANTAB battery in patients with schizo-OCD (n=12) and a schizophrenia group without OCD symptoms (n=16). The groups were matched for IQ, gender, age, medication, and duration of illness. Results The schizo-OCD patients made significantly more errors on a task of attentional set-shifting (ID-ED set-shift task). By contrast, no significant differences emerged on the Stockings of Cambridge task, the Cambridge Gamble Task or the Affective Go/NoGo tasks. No correlation emerged between ID-ED performance and severity of schizophrenia, OCD or depressive symptoms, consistent with neurocognitive impairment holding trait rather than state-marker status. Schizo-obsessives also exhibited a trend toward more motor tics emphasizing a neurological contribution to the disorder. Conclusion Our findings reveal a more severe attentional set-shifting deficit and neurological abnormality that may be fundamental to the neuro-cognitive profile of schizo-OCD. The clinical implications of these impairments merit further exploration in larger studies.
Internal structure and reliability of the Oviedo Schizotypy Assessment Questionnaire (ESQUIZO-Q)

Schizotypy is a psychological construct whose aim is the early detection of participants at a heightened theoretical risk of transiting toward a psychotic disorder in the future. The early detection of these "at risk" individuals requires using adequate measure- ment instruments that allow us to make solid and well-founded decisions based on score proles. The main purpose of this instrumental study was to analyze the internal structu- re and reliability of the Oviedo Schizotypy Assessment Questionnaire (ESQUIZO-Q) in adolescents. Thenal sample was composed of a total of 1,438 participants, 693 males (48.2%), with a mean age of 15.9 years (SD = 1.2). The analysis of the underlying internal structure of the ESQUIZO-Q revealed a three-factor solution specied in the following components: Reality distortion, Anhedonia, and Interpersonal disorganization. The levels of internal consistency for the subscales ranged from . 61 to . 80. The results showed that the ESQUIZO-Q is a self-report with adequate psychometric properties for the assessment of schizotypy and that can be used as a screening method for the detection of adolescents at high risk for psychosis. Future studies should explore in more depth the psychometric pro- perties of the ESQUIZO-Q as well as the development of computerized-adaptive versions.
Knowledge, attitudes and practices relevant to malaria elimination amongst resettled populations in a post-conflict district of northern Sri Lanka.

BACKGROUND Malaria-related knowledge, preventative methods and treatment-seeking behaviours were investigated in a post-conflict district of Sri Lanka in order to guide the development of components of malaria interventions and to support future programme evaluation. METHODS A structured questionnaire was used to collect data from a random sample of 300 households in four Divisional Secretariat Divisions (DSD) of the district where internally displaced populations were being resettled after a 30-year civil war. RESULTS The surveyed community had a good overall level of knowledge of malaria. There was high bednet ownership (94.0%), although only 48.0% of households in the study had long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLIN). Most respondents reported rapid treatment-seeking behaviour (71.0%) and easy access to malaria diagnostic facilities (67.0%). The Tamil population living in Manthai West and Madhu DSDs who were displaced to refugee camps had better malaria-related knowledge and practices, probably due to the malaria control activities focused on these camps by the government. CONCLUSIONS Although knowledge and practices regarding malaria amongst resettled populations in Mannar District were high, continued malaria surveillance, case management, vector control including distribution of LLINs, education and information campaigns are important not only amongst the communities affected by the conflict but the entire district.
Comparative Study of Back Propagation Learning Algorithms for Neural Networks

back propagation method is a technique used in training multilayer neural networks in a supervised manner. The back propagation method, also known as the error back propagation algorithm, is based on the error- correction learning rule; it is most often used learning algorithm in neural networks as it deals with continuous data and differentiable functions for both single and multilayer models. Slower convergence and longer training times are the disadvantages often mentioned when the conventional back propagation algorithm is compared with other competing techniques. Over years many improvements and modifications of the learning algorithm have been reported to overcome these shortcomings. In this paper the back propagation algorithm and several variations to improve the performance of the algorithm have been thoroughly reviewed.
Graying the black box: Understanding DQNs

In recent years there is a growing interest in using deep representations for reinforcement learning. In this paper, we present a methodology and tools to analyze Deep Q-networks (DQNs) in a non-blind matter. Using our tools we reveal that the features learned by DQNs aggregate the state space in a hierarchical fashion, explaining its success. Moreover we are able to understand and describe the policies learned by DQNs for three different Atari2600 games and suggest ways to interpret, debug and optimize deep neural networks in reinforcement learning.
When Being Upset Is Not A Mental Health Problem

I live in Central London under the Heathrow flightpath. As I write this editorial, my house has just been shaken by the final flight of the last three Concordes. Just over two years ago, on Sept 11th, we experienced the opposite, a strange week of silence, when all overflights were banned for a week. And when they resumed, for a while I looked out of my window as each plane came past, and experienced a frisson of anxiety. And like virtually everyone I know, it took some time to shake off the hypnotic images imprinted in my memory from those hours glued to our television screens throughout the horrors of that first day. But I never considered that I had a problem, let alone sought help for it. And after a few weeks these emotions disappeared. Yes, my world view had changed—and my appraisal of the society we live in and the threats we face. The world seemed, and probably was, a riskier place (Halpern-Felsher and Millstein 2002). But emotionally and physically I felt the same as I had been before, for better or worse. And when I visited America only a few weeks later, to take part, ironically, in a pre-arranged conference on psychological responses to trauma (NIMH 2002), I observed something else. Sept 11th had also brought about positive changes in the society that I had visited so many times. Was it my imagination, or were people genuinely more talkative, more likely to engage with me in bars, waiting rooms, and queues that are the staple of travel these days? No, on everyone’s lips was the observation that adversity had brought us together, and indeed that upsurge in communitarean feelings for once even involved myself as a Britisher, finally forgiven for George III. Should we be surprised by this? It was the great Durkheim who suggested that during periods of external threat group cohesion increases, and suicide rates decrease. Indeed, tentative evidence of a lowering of the suicide rate in the United Kingdom after Sept 11th has been presented (Salib 2003), and it would be interesting to know if the same will be observed in the United States. We are robust nations, and our citizens repeatedly surprise us by their resilience in the face of adversity—in the past (Jones, Woolven, Durodic, and Wessely, in press), and during the terrible Psychiatry 67(2) Summer 2004 153