Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Open-World Visual Recognition Using Knowledge Graphs

In a real-world setting, visual recognition systems can be brought to make predictions for images belonging to previously unknown class labels. In order to make semantically meaningful predictions for such inputs, we propose a two-step approach that utilizes information from knowledge graphs. First, a knowledge-graph representation is learned to embed a large set of entities into a semantic space. Second, an image representation is learned to embed images into the same space. Under this setup, we are able to predict structured properties in the form of relationship triples for any open-world image. This is true even when a set of labels has been omitted from the training protocols of both the knowledge graph and image embeddings. Furthermore, we append this learning framework with appropriate smoothness constraints and show how prior knowledge can be incorporated into the model. Both these improvements combined increase performance for visual recognition by a factor of six compared to our baseline. Finally, we propose a new, extended dataset which we use for experiments.
Role of Antioxidant Herbal Drugs in Renal Disorders: An Overview

ABSTRACT Renal disorders have always remained a major area of concern for physicians since a long time. It is the 9 th leading cause of death in United States. Incidence of kidney diseases leading to kidney failure is increasing day by day. A large number of chemicals in common use are potential renal toxins. The use of herbal drugs for the prevention and treatment of various diseases is constantly developing throughout the world. Many studies have been carried out that strongly support the contribution of antioxidants to the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, osteoporosis, neurodegenerative diseases, and diabetes mellitus, and suggest a role in the prevention of peptic ulcer. Polyphenols display a number of pharmacological properties in the renal area, acting as diuretic, anti inflammatory, antispasmodic, and antioxidant agents. The antioxidant properties of phenolic compounds have been widely studied, but it has become clear that their mechanisms of action go beyond the modulation of oxidative stress. Various polyphenolic compounds have been reported for their nephroprotective activity with a good level of renal protection. Therefore, considering the important role of polyphenolic compounds in the prevention or reduction of renal disorders induced by various nephrotoxic chemical agents, in this review, we have summarized the literature on some potent nephroprotective plants, such as, Achyrocline satureioides, Zingiber officinalis, Teminalia chebula etc having antioxidant properties.
The Involvement of the Tetrodotoxin-Resistant Sodium Channel Nav1.8 (PN3/SNS) in a Rat Model of Visceral Pain

The present study investigated the effect of inhibiting the expression of Nav1.8 (PN3/SNS) sodium channels by an antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) on bladder nociceptive responses induced by intravesical acetic acid infusion in rats. Animals were injected intrathecally with either Nav1.8 antisense or mismatch ODN. Control cystometrograms under urethane anesthesia during intravesical saline infusion exhibited intercontraction intervals (ICIs) that were significantly longer in antisense-treated rats than in mismatch ODN-treated rats. Intravesical infusion of 0.1% acetic acid induced bladder hyperactivity as reflected by a 68% reduction in ICIs in mismatch ODN-treated rats but did not significantly reduce ICIs in antisense-treated rats. The number of Fos-positive cells after acetic acid administration were significantly reduced in the L6 spinal cord from antisense-treated animals, compared with mismatch ODN-treated animals. In addition, Nav1.8 immunoreactivity was reduced in L6 dorsal root ganglion neurons in the antisense-treated rat. In patch-clamp recordings, the conductance density of TTX-resistant sodium currents in dissociated bladder afferent neurons that were labeled by axonal transport of a fluorescent dye, Fast Blue, injected into the bladder wall was also smaller in antisense-treated rats than in mismatch ODN-treated rats, whereas no changes were observed in TTX-sensitive currents. These results indicate that the Nav1.8 TTX-resistant sodium channels are involved in the activation of afferent nerves after chemical irritation of the bladder. These channels represent a new target for the treatment of inflammatory pain from visceral organs such as the urinary bladder.
Aluminum in Seawater: Control by Inorganic Processes

The distribution of dissolved aluminum in open ocean waters is probably controlled by the solution of aluminum from atmospherically derived particles and bottom sediments balanced against scavenging by siliceous shells of dead organisms. Variations in the aluminum concentration within vertical hydrographic profiles are small as compared to those for other trace metals. Aluminum concentrations in the Atlantic and Pacific are inversely related to the silica contents of these oceans.
The role of practical wisdom in nurse manager practice: why experience matters.

AIM To illustrate through the interpretation of one representative nurse manager's narrative how the methodology of practice articulation gives language to the ways practical wisdom develops in leadership practice and facilitates learning. BACKGROUND Patricia Benner's corpus of research has demonstrated that reflection on clinical narratives comes closer than other pedagogical methods to replicating and enhancing the experiential learning required for the development of practical wisdom. METHOD Using Benner's methodology of practice articulation, 91 nurse managers wrote and read to a peer group a narrative of their lived experience in the role. The groups interpreted the narratives to extract the skilled knowledge and ethics embedded in the practice of the nurse manager authors. One narrative was chosen for this paper because it is a particularly clear exemplar of how practical wisdom develops in nurse manager practice. RESULTS Articulating and reflecting on experiential learning led to an understanding of how practical wisdom developed in one nurse manager's practice. CONCLUSION Interpretation of the narrative of one nurse manager illustrated how reflection on a complex ethical dilemma was a source of character development for the individual and the peer group. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Describing and interpreting how practical wisdom develops for individual nurse managers can be a source of learning for the narrative author and other role incumbents who need to make sound decisions and take prudent action in ethically challenging situations.
Clinical, radiographic and histological analysis of the effects of mineral trioxide aggregate used in direct pulp capping and pulpotomies of primary teeth.

BACKGROUND Primary teeth pulp exposures have traditionally been treated with formocresol or ferric sulphate pulpotomies or calcium hydroxide pulp capping. The aim of this study was to observe the tissue response when mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) was used. METHODS Ten primary teeth had direct pulp caps and 11 had a pulpotomy with MTA. The teeth were restored and then clinically reviewed monthly for five months and before extraction. Radiographs were taken prior to treatment, after one month and prior to extraction. After extraction, the teeth were examined histologically and the responses to treatment were assessed. RESULTS One pulpotomy and two pulp capping cases had postoperative pain and signs of pulp degeneration. Radiographs showed no root resorption, no periodontal pockets and no furcation radiolucencies. No cases had draining sinuses or increased mobility. Most pulps responded favourably from a clinical perspective although a variety of responses were noted histologically--normal odontoblasts, irregular odontoblasts, intra-pulpal calcifications, dentinal bridges, cementum formation, internal resorption, inflammatory infiltrate and pulp necrosis. CONCLUSIONS The responses of pulps in primary teeth to MTA pulpotomies and pulp caps were favourable from clinical and radiographic perspectives although a variety of histological responses were noted. MTA may be a favourable material for pulp capping and pulpotomies in primary teeth.
Indoor mm-Wave Channel Measurements: Comparative Study of 2.9 GHz and 29 GHz

The millimeter-wave (mm-Wave) frequency band ~30-300 GHz has received significant attention lately as a prospective band for 5G systems. Millimeter-wave frequencies have traditionally been used for backhaul, satellite and other fixed services. While these bands offer substantial amount of bandwidth and opportunity for spatial multiplexing, the propagation characteristics for terrestrial mobile usage need to be fully understood prior to system design. Towards this end, this paper presents preliminary indoor measurement results obtained using a channel sounder equipped with omni- and directional antennas at 2.9 GHz and 29 GHz as a comparative study of the two bands. The measurements are made within a Qualcomm building in Bridgewater, NJ, USA, for two separate floors, each representing a different yet representative type of office plan. We present measurements and estimated parameters for path loss, excess delay, RMS delay and analyze the power profile of received paths. In addition, we present several spherical scans of particular links to illustrate the 3-D angular spread of the received paths. This work represents initial results of an ongoing effort for comprehensive indoor and outdoor channel measurements. The measurements presented here, along with cited references, offer interesting insights into propagation conditions (e.g. loss, delay/angular spread etc.), coverage and robustness for mobile use of millimeter-wave bands. We believe additional extensive measurement campaigns in diverse settings by academia and industry would help facilitate the generation of usable channel models.
Principles Of Transport Economics

This unique book addresses a wide range of issues and makes use of cutting-edge data to provide a set of universal tools to analyse and inform policy at all levels. It assumes only a basic knowledge of economics and will be essential reading for students at advanced undergraduate and postgraduate level following courses on transport economics, regional science, urban studies and geography. It will also prove a valuable source of reference for policymakers involved in the provision and regulation of transport and researchers interested in transport planning and policy.
Opinion Leadership: Non-Work-Related Advice in a Work Setting

Opinion leaders influence the decisions of others and play a significant role in disseminating information, specifically in the domain of e-commerce. Prior studies exploring the factors that affect a person's ability to influence others have been conducted in either a work setting (i.e. advice networks) or leisure setting (e.g. movie recommendation). However, it is common for these networks to interweave, for instance when a person asks for advice from work colleagues on a personal issue, like the purchase of a car. This suggests that there is a need to differentiate between the antecedents of opinion leadership that stem from one's position in the professional network and the antecedents that stem from personal characteristics associated with the specific non-work related advice (e.g. expertise in cars). To explore how opinion leadership is determined in such multifaceted settings, we develop a theoretical framework of opinion leadership. The results from an empirical study of a movie advice task that was conducted in a professional setting, demonstrate that both movie-related trustworthiness and work-related centrality exert distinct effects on one's ability to influence others opinions regarding movies. Implications for theory and practice of e-commerce are discussed.
Liver Fibrosis Classification Based on Transfer Learning and FCNet for Ultrasound Images

Diagnostic ultrasound offers great improvements in diagnostic accuracy and robustness. However, it is difficult to make subjective and uniform diagnoses, because the quality of ultrasound images can be easily influenced by machine settings, the characteristics of ultrasonic waves, the interactions between ultrasound and body tissues, and other uncontrollable factors. In this paper, we propose a novel liver fibrosis classification method based on transfer learning (TL) using VGGNet and a deep classifier called fully connected network (FCNet). In case of insufficient samples, deep features extracted using TL strategy can provide sufficient classification information. These deep features are then sent to FCNet for the classification of different liver fibrosis statuses. With this framework, tests show that our deep features combined with the FCNet can provide suitable information to enable the construction of the most accurate prediction model when compared with other methods.
Investment and Cash Flow: New Evidence

We study the investment–cash flow sensitivities of U.S. firms from 1971–2009. Our tests extend the literature in several key ways and provide strong evidence that cash flow explains investment beyond its correlation with q. A dollar of current- and prior-year cash flow is associated with $0.32 of additional investment for firms that are the least likely to be constrained and $0.63 of additional investment for firms that are the most likely to be constrained, even after correcting for measurement error in q. Our results suggest that financing constraints and free-cash-flow problems are important for investment decisions.
Birth Weight, Domestic Violence, Coping, Social Support, and Mental Health of Young Iranian Mothers in Tehran

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate associations of birth weight with sociodemographic variables, domestic violence, ways of coping, social support, and general mental health of Iranian mothers. Six hundred mothers aged 15 to 29 years participated between June 2009 and November 2010. t-Test, analysis of variance, Spearman’s correlation, and multiple regression were used. The results showed that there was no significant association between birth weight and general mental health of the mothers. Prenatal care visits, the mothers’ history of having children with low birth weight (LBW), and weight gain during pregnancy were significantly associated with birth weight. The women who reported physical abuse during pregnancy had infants with lower birth weight. Satisfaction with social support and use of positive reappraisal were significantly associated with higher birth weight. In conclusion, a high quality of prenatal care and screening of pregnant women are recommended. Social environments good enough during pregnancy have protective effects against LBW.
Practice of sumo kodhi among the Luo and implications for HIV transmission in western Kenya

This paper discusses the practice of sumo kodhi among the Luo ethnic group and its implications for spread of HIV in western Kenya. Sumo kodhi is a practice in which a woman arranges to have sex with a man other than her legitimate sexual partner (husband or levir/inheritor) to give birth to children with specific qualities she wants in them. Data were drawn from a 16-month ethnographic study on reproductive aspirations of women living with HIV/AIDS (WLWHA). The study found that WLWHA engaged in sumo kodhi as they believe they will get gender balanced, beautiful, and academically talented and healthy children who are free from HIV. The WLWHA targeted agnates of their husbands living in distant villages, former boyfriends (before marriage) and other men who were new in the area such as civil servants, employees in local institutions and businessmen who would not suspect their HIV status. These WLWHA kept their HIV status secret and exposed the targeted men to the risk of being infected with HIV. It can be deduced that having knowledge of HIV status does not always translate into taking action towards protecting sexual partner(s). Moreover, continued childbearing is not always as a result of unmet contraceptives needs. It is apparent from this study that social factors sometimes overrule health considerations. The study recommends that further research be conducted among other ethnic groups to gauge whether they also have a practice similar to sumo kodhi. Women living with HIV/AIDS should be involved in HIV/AIDS control and prevention strategies. There is also need for an intervention that would ensure that WLWHA meet their reproductive aspirations without putting their sexual partners at risk of contracting HIV.
Detection of different Staphylococcus aureus strains in bovine milk from subclinical mastitis using PCR and routine techniques

Contamination of fresh milk with Staphylococcus aureus was assessed comparatively through routine phenotypic (coagulase tube test and coagulase slide test) and genotypic (PCR) screening of 128 S. aureus strains isolated from 555 milk samples. These samples were collected from 362 cows with subclinical mastitis, hosted in different dairy herds at various locations of the Northern and Northeastern rural areas of the State of Rio de Janeiro, 39.7% of which were CMT-positive. All S. aureus isolates tested positive for the presence of the coagulase gene by PCR and the isolates could be grouped into four distinct classes according to the size of the PCR product. The strains also yielded variable results when assayed with coagulase test. Taken together, these data indicate the existence of extensive polymorphism at the coagulase gene locus in the genus Staphylococcus and exemplifies the extent of molecular and phenotypic heterogeneity associated with the strains circulating in rural herds.
Exporting and Performance of Plants: Evidence from Korean Manufacturing

This study examines the relationship between exporting and various performance measures including total factor productivity, using the annual plant-level panel data on Korean manufacturing sector during the period of 1990 to 1998. The two key questions examined are whether exporting improves productivity (learning) and/or whether more productive plants export (self-selection). This study provides evidence supporting both self-selection and learning-by-exporting effects, with both effects being more pronounced at around the time of entry into and exit from the export market. Thus, positive and robust cross-sectional correlation between exporting and total factor productivity is accounted for by both selection and learning effects. These results are in contrast with Aw, Chung, and Roberts (2000) who do not find any strong evidence of self-selection or learning in Korea. Similar effects are observed when shipments or employment is considered as a performance measure. Overall, this study suggests that the benefits from exporting have been realized not only through resource reallocation channel but also TFP channel in Korea.
New Directions in the Growth of Tourism Employment?: Propositions of the 1980s

In a variety of European national contexts, the geography of tourist development turns heavily on relative spending by residents at home, by residents abroad, and by foreign visitors. Unpublished GB data for ‘tourism-related employment’, 1981–89, are employed to test the hypothesis that there has been a spread of activity from coastal resorts to many other types of area, particularly, as per the government emphasis, demonstrating the potential of urban tourism. Traditional coastal resorts are found to be identified with relative decline, but the growth of tourism employment in the cities is somewhat smaller still; analyses of museum and recreation employment show a decline of city employment, which offsets significant job increases in hotels and catering. Otherwise, there are elements of ‘urban-rural’ drift, with the growth of leisure jobs (which are indistinguishable from tourism) reflecting the growth both of resident population and of visitor attractions, which both generate car-based outings to successively less urban types of area.
The Navy Enlistment Marketing Experiment

This paper presents research initiated in 1978 to examine the marketing effectiveness of the U.S. Navy recruiting program and to quantify the relationship between marketing efforts and enlistment achievements. The major component of the research was a one-year, controlled experiment in which levels of Navy recruiters and advertising were systematically varied and a detailed and comprehensive data base assembled. This paper describes the experiment and presents analyses of the experimental data. These analyses led to a number of conclusions regarding the impact of various factors on enlistment numbers and quality: (i) The number of recruiters had a significant impact. Effectiveness of recruiters depended on recruiter tenure with clearly discernable learning and delearning effects. (ii) Advertising expenditures of certain types were effective, while others were not. There was a wide variation in the impact of the effective media. (iii) Socioeconomic factors such as unemployment and urbanization had major impacts. (iv) Navy marketing efforts led to an expansion of the total market for enlistments in addition to their impact on Navy enlistments. The study was carried out in a highly collaborative mode, with frequent meetings and briefings with all levels of Command. This not only facilitated control and direction of the research, but also led to a number of adaptive initiatives undertaken by policy makers. These included reallocation of the advertising budget, development of a tenure-based recruiter incentive system and a change in emphasis from recruit accessions (deliveries) to contracts (sales).
The Business Model DNA: Towards an Approach for Predicting Business Model Success

Business models have gained much interest in the last decade to analyze the potential of new business ventures or possible innovation paths of existing businesses. However, the business model concept has only rarely been used as basis for quantitative empirical studies. This paper suggests the concept of a Business Model DNA to describe the characteristics of specific business models. This concept allows to analyze business models in order to identify clusters of business models that outperform others and calculate future prospects of specific business models. We used 181 startups from the USA and Germany and applied data mining techniques, i.e. cluster analysis and Support Vector Machines, to classify different business models in regards to their performance. Our findings show that 12 distinct business model clusters with different growth expectations and chances of survival exist. We can predict the survival of a venture with an accuracy of 83.6 %.