Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Ceruminous adenoma: A rare tumor diagnosed on cytology with histological correlation

Ceruminous adenoma (CA) is a rare, benign tumor of the ceruminous gland found in the cartilaginous part of the external auditory canal (EAC). The tumor is diagnosed on histopathology and shows a characteristic dual population of luminal epithelial cells and basal myoepithelial cells. However, CA can be diagnosed on fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) prior to surgery and the cytopathologist should be well aware of its cytological findings to avoid any misdiagnosis. The tumor shows an excellent prognosis with possible recurrence and malignant transformation. The present case emphasizes the cytological features of CA, which have been scantily described in the literature and highlights the role of cytopathologists in preoperative diagnosis.
Digital Exhibit Labels in Museums: Promoting Visitor Engagement with Cultural Artifacts

How can we use interactive displays in museums to help visitors appreciate authentic objects and artifacts that they can't otherwise touch or manipulate? This paper shares results from a design-based research study on the use of interactive displays to help visitors learn about artifacts in an exhibit on the history and culture of China. To explore the potential afforded by these displays, we unobtrusively video recorded 834 museum visitor groups who stopped in front of one collection of objects. Drawing on cognitive models of curiosity, we tested three redesigns of this display, each focusing on a different strategy to spark visitor curiosity, interest, and engagement. To understand the relative effectiveness of these designs, we analyzed visitor interaction and conversation. Our results uncovered significant differences across the conditions suggesting implications for the use of such technology in museums.
A Social Work Practice Reflection on Issues Arising for LGBTI Older People Interfacing With Health and Residential Care: Rights, Decision Making and End-of-Life Care

This article is a social work practice reflection on issues arising for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and intersex (LGBTI) older people interfacing with health and residential care in Australia; focusing on clients, families, and carers in relation to rights, decision making, and end-of-life care. The article explores relevant case examples from social work practice in a health and residential care setting that highlight some specific complexities of working with this client group. This article brings greater attention to issues arising for older LBGTI when interfacing with health and residential care and has the potential to improve practice for social workers and other health professionals and improve outcomes for LGBTI older people.
Mismatch of Expectations: How Modern Learning Resources Fail Conversational Programmers

Conversational programmers represent a class of learners who are not required to write any code, yet try to learn programming to improve their participation in technical conversations. We carried out interviews with 23 conversational programmers to better understand the challenges they face in technical conversations, what resources they choose to learn programming, how they perceive the learning process, and to what extent learning programming actually helps them. Among our key findings, we found that conversational programmers often did not know where to even begin the learning process and ended up using formal and informal learning resources that focus largely on programming syntax and logic. However, since the end goal of conversational programmers was not to build artifacts, modern learning resources usually failed these learners in their pursuits of improving their technical conversations. Our findings point to design opportunities in HCI to invent learner-centered approaches that address the needs of conversational programmers and help them establish common ground in technical conversations.
Dynamics of biological water: insights from molecular modeling of light scattering in aqueous trehalose solutions.

Extended depolarized light scattering (EDLS) measurements have been recently employed to investigate the dynamics of water solvating biological molecules, giving evidence of the presence of two different dynamical regimes among water molecules. An interpretation of EDLS has been proposed that provides an independent estimate of the retardation factor of slowdown with respect to fast water molecules and of the number of solvent molecules affected by this slowing down. Nevertheless this measure is an inherently complex one, due to the collective nature of the physical property probed. In the present work a molecular dynamics (MD) approach has been used to more deeply understand experimental results. Time correlation functions of the collective polarizability anisotropy have been calculated for the prototype disaccharide trehalose in aqueous solutions as a function of concentration. The unique capability of MD to disentangle the contributions to the dynamics arising from solute, solvent, and cross terms between the two allowed us to check the reliability of an interpretation that assumes a spectral separation of water and sugar dynamics, as well as to highlight the very presence of two distinct relaxation processes in water. The two processes have been attributed to the dynamics of bulk and hydration water, respectively. A retardation factor of ~5 and concentration dependent hydration numbers have been observed, in good agreement with experimental results [Paolantoni, M. ; et al. J. Phys. Chem. B 2009, 113, 7874-7878].
Identification of Hepatitis G Virus Particles in Human Serum by E2-Specific Monoclonal Antibodies Generated by DNA Immunization

ABSTRACT In order to elucidate the structure and morphology of hepatitis G virus (HGV), a recently isolated flavivirus, we generated a panel of eight monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the putative second envelope protein (E2) following DNA immunization. The MAbs were shown to be specific for four different epitopes on recombinant E2. MAb Mc6 was the only antibody able to detect the linear epitope LTGGFYEPL. In addition, Mc6 was able to immunoprecipitate viral particles in human blood samples as detected by reverse transcription-PCR amplification of HGV RNA. This precipitation could be competed by addition of saturating amounts of the linear peptide or abolished by addition of Nonidet P-40. We conclude that, albeit lacking the N-terminal sequence of a functional core protein, HGV builds classical viral particles displaying E2 envelope protein on their outer surfaces.
Antihypertensive effect of Nigella sativa seed extract in patients with mild hypertension

Hypertension (HT) is a lifestyle‐related disease and dietary modifications are effective for its management and prevention. We conducted a randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy of treatment with an oral Nigella sativa (NS) seed extract supplement in patients with mild HT. Subjects were randomized into three groups: a placebo and two test groups that received 100 and 200 mg of NS extract twice a day. After 8 weeks, systolic blood pressure (SBP) values in both case groups were found to be significantly reduced when compared with the baseline values for each group. In addition, the decrease in SBP in the two case groups was statistically significant relative to the placebo group (P < 0.05–0.01). Meanwhile, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) values in the case groups were found to be significantly reduced from the baseline and a significant reduction was also observed in these groups (P < 0.01) when compared with the placebo group. In addition, extract administration reduced both SBP and DBP in a dose‐dependent manner. Meanwhile, NS extract caused a significant decline in the level of total and low‐density‐lipoprotein (LDL)‐cholesterol relative to baseline data. No complications caused by NS were observed. The results suggest that the daily use of NS seed extract for 2 months may have a blood pressure‐lowering effect in patients with mild HT.
Superhydrophobic polymeric surfaces : fabrication, wettability, and antibbacterial activity

ii Lay Summary . iv Preface. v List of Tables . ix List of Figures . x List of Symbols . xv List of Abbreviations . xvi Acknowledgements . xvii Chapter 1: Introduction . 1 Chapter 2: Literature Review . 4 2.1 Wettability, Surface Tension and Contact Angle—Young’s Equation. 4 2.2 Wetting States, Regimes, and Roughness . 5 2.3 Contact Angle Hysteresis . 9 2.4 Non-wetting Surface, Superhydrophobicity . 11 2.5 Superhydrophobic Bioinspired Surfaces . 11 2.5. 1 Lotus effect . 13 2.6 Methods to Create Roughness . 14 2.6. 1 Ultra-short laser ablation . 14 2.6. 2 Hot embossing imprinting . 16 2.7 Superhydrophobic Anti-biofouling Surfaces . 17 2.8 Protein Adsorption on Superhydrophobic Surfaces . 20 Chapter 3: Thesis Objectives and Organization. 23 3.1 Thesis Statement and Objectives. 23 3.2 Thesis Organization. 24 Chapter 4: Materials, Methodology, and Experimental Setup . 26 4.1 Materials . 26
Space-Time Adaptive Processing for Airborne Radars With Space-Time Coprime Sampling Structure

Coprime arrays and coprime time samplers have been receiving attractive attention recently due to their advantages of large apertures and achievable degrees of freedom with low cost. In this paper, different from traditional airborne radar with uniform transmitting pulses, the considered radar is configured with a coprime array in receiver and transmits the pulses with coprime repetition intervals. Because this sampling structure violates the conditions of the conventional clutter rank estimation rules, we first propose a novel method to estimate the clutter rank based on effective aperture-bandwidth product. Then, two space-time adaptive processing (STAP) algorithms, namely, the sample matrix inverse- and principal components-STAP, are proposed by using the reconstructed virtual space-time snapshots. Additionally, a thoroughly theoretical convergence analysis of the proposed algorithms is conducted. Exclusive simulation results are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed STAP algorithms.
Value of cytokeratin-19, Hector Battifora mesothelial-1 and galectin-3 immunostaining in the diagnosis of thyroid neoplasms

Abstract BACKGROUND: Diagnosis of types and aggressiveness of thyroid cancers is difficult. The "gold standard" in diagnosis is using routine hematoxylin and eosin staining. Several markers have been investigated for differentiating them among which cytokeratin-19 (CK-19), Hector Battifora mesothelial cell (HBME-1), and galectin-3 are found to be most commonly used. Most studies have evaluated the single expression of markers in various thyroid lesions. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To know the value of immunohistochemical expression of CK-19, HBME-1, and galectin-3 in diagnosing thyroid neoplasms. To study the expression and compare the results of HBME-1, CK-19, and galectin-3 immunohistochemical markers in histopathologically diagnosed malignant lesions and nonmalignant lesions and demonstrate their usefulness in differentiating them. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective study was carried out on thyroidectomy specimens sent in 10% buffered formalin to Department of Pathology, SVIMS, Tirupati, from May 2013 to August 2014. Sensitivity and specificity for each marker and their combination in diagnosis were calculated. RESULTS: Among 120 cases, nonmalignant lesions were 70 (58.33%) and malignant lesions 50 (41.67%). Among nonmalignant lesions, 65 (93%) were adenomatous goiter and 5 (7%) were follicular adenomas. In malignant lesions, 48 (96%) were papillary carcinoma and 1 (2%) each of follicular carcinoma and anaplastic carcinoma. Among papillary carcinomas, classical were 26 (54.16%) followed by 17 follicular variant (35.41%). Galectin-3 had highest sensitivity of 90% and HBME-1 had highest specificity of 97.14%. CONCLUSIONS: Panel of HBME-1+ galectin-3 or CK-19, HBME-1, and galectin-3 increase the accuracy of diagnosis in histopathologically difficult cases.
Immune Profiling of BALB/C and C57BL/6 Mice Reveals a Correlation Between Ureaplasma parvum‐Induced Fetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome‐Like Pathology and Increased Placental Expression of TLR2 and CD14

Both BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice are susceptible to intrauterine infection with Ureaplasma parvum, but only protypical TH2/M2 BALB/c mice develop severe chorioamnionitis, fetal infection, and fetal inflammatory response syndrome‐like (FIRS) pathology.
A prospective assessment of dietary patterns in Muslim subjects with type 2 diabetes who undertake fasting during Ramadan

Aims: The aim was to assess the dietary pattern during Ramadan season among type 2 diabetic Muslim subjects who underwent fasting and intensive dietary counseling. Materials and Methods: The study was conducted among 70 Muslim subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus who undertook fasting during Ramadan and was part of a randomized control trial using pioglitazone published previously. All subjects were subjected to a dietary assessment and counseling at three stages, i.e., initiation of the study, mid-Ramadan and post-Ramadan, by a trained dietician. Dietary assessment was done by the 24-hour dietary recall method and the food frequency questionnaire. Diabetic diet sheets were dispensed to subjects based on their body mass index (BMI), daily activity, and needs. Results: The mean caloric intake between pre-Ramadan (before fasting) and mid-Ramadan (15 days after fasting) were 1506.80 kcal and 1614.29 (P = 0.001) respectively. The distribution of active components pre and during Ramadan were: carbohydrates (g) 260.76 and 265.35 g (P = 0.001), proteins (g) 43.64 and 46.19 (P = 0.001) and fat (g) was 32.88 and 44.16 (P = 0.0001) respectively. The percentage of energy from dietary carbohydrate prior to fasting (64.11 ± 6.73) and during fasting (68.41 ± 4.41) remained almost unchanged but statistically significant when compared at different intervals before and during fasting. Fat intake increased significantly during fasting (P = < 0.001). Conclusions: The dietary composition in a type 2 diabetic Muslim population who undertook fasting during Ramadan showed a mean increase in consumption of all components of diet during the period of fasting. Nutritional compliance during such a time seems to be difficult and warrants repeated counseling and regular follow-up to achieve targets.
Empirically Testing User Characteristics and Fitness Factors in Enterprise Resource Planning Success

Enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems for supporting inter- and intracompany business processes are reaching maturity in many organizations. However, ERP systems are complex and expensive, and the decision to install an ERP system necessitates a choice of mechanisms for determining whether the ERP is needed and, once implemented, whether it is successful. User satisfaction is one evaluation mechanism for gauging system success. In this study, the efficacy of user characteristics and fitness factors as determinants of ERP success was empirically evaluated. The findings indicate that the fitness factors (i.e., compatibility and task relevance) have significant positive influences on ERP satisfaction. As for user characteristics, higher educated users have greater user satisfaction and managers have greater satisfaction than nonmanagement users. However, the study finds that user age, information experience, and package localization have no significant effect on ERP user satisfaction. The study offers insights that adopters and consultants can focus on to improve the level of ERP user satisfaction.
Optimal positioning of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for older patients with myelodysplastic syndromes.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review examines reduced-intensity conditioning (RIC) allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) for older patients (age ≥60 years) with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), focusing on how to choose candidates for HSCT as well as data on the comparative effectiveness of RIC HSCT versus other treatment approaches. RECENT FINDINGS For some older patients with MDS, there may be a survival advantage for RIC HSCT compared with nontransplantation approaches. Health service approaches suggest that optimal treatment choice varies with MDS risk. For those with low/intermediate-1 International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) risk, non-HSCT treatments may be preferred, but for intermediate-2/high IPSS patients, RIC HSCT may be better, even after adjusting for quality of life (QoL). SUMMARY The optimal positioning of HSCT for older patients with MDS is evolving. Available data suggest that for older patients with higher risk MDS, if their QoL is affected and they are medically fit, RIC HSCT may lead to more favourable outcomes. Prospective trials in older patients with MDS are necessary to confirm the putative benefit of RIC HSCT.
Laboratory and field studies of naps and caffeine as practical countermeasures for sleep-wake problems associated with night work.

STUDY OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effects of napping, caffeine, and napping plus caffeine on performance and alertness in both laboratory and field settings. DESIGN (1) Laboratory Study: parallel-groups design with random assignment to 1 of 4 experimental conditions. (2) Field Study: crossover design. SETTING Sleep laboratory and field settings. PARTICIPANTS (1) Laboratory Study: 68 healthy individuals; (2) Field Study: 53 shiftworkers who worked nights or rotating shifts. INTERVENTIONS (1) Laboratory Study: an evening nap opportunity before the first 2 of 4 consecutive simulated night shifts plus placebo taken all 4 nights, caffeine taken nightly, the combination of the nap and caffeine conditions, or placebo. (2) Field Study: an evening nap on the first 2 of 4 consecutive night shifts plus caffeine taken nightly versus placebo taken nightly without naps. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS (1) Laboratory Study: Napping, caffeine, and their combination all improved alertness and performance as measured by Maintenance of Wakefulness Test and Psychomotor Vigilance Task, but the combination of napping and caffeine was best in improving alertness. (2) Field Study: Napping plus caffeine improved performance as measured by Psychomotor Vigilance Test and decreased subjective sleepiness in individuals working the night shift. CONCLUSIONS Napping plus caffeine helps improve performance and alertness of night-shift workers.
Longitudinal Changes in Measured Glomerular Filtration Rate, Renal Fibrosis and Biomarkers in a Rat Model of Type 2 Diabetic Nephropathy

Background: Obese ZSF-1 rats display many features of human type II diabetes including nephropathy (DN). The study aimed to further understand the relevance of this model to DN, for which glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal fibrosis and several urinary/tissue biomarkers was followed over 24 weeks in ZSF-1 rats. Methods: Intact/sham or uninephrectomized male and female ZSF-1 rats were studied. GFR was measured by transdermal clearance of fluorescein isothiocyanate-sinistrin. Urine was collected every 2-4 weeks for biomarker analysis. Renal tissue was examined histologically for fibrosis and for levels of inflammatory and fibrotic genes. Results: Male obese ZSF-1 rats demonstrated metabolic syndrome and proteinuria. Female counterparts were hyperlipidemic with delayed proteinuria, but were not hyperglycemic. Kidney hyperfiltration was observed in male obese rats in weeks 2-4 after surgery, and subsequently declined to levels significantly lower than controls. Tubulointerstitial/glomerular fibrosis in male obese rats was significantly elevated by week 12 post surgery and continued to expand in the ensuing weeks, particularly in uninephrectomized rats. Female rats had less severe fibrosis. Except for epidermal growth factor which decreased, the levels of several key inflammatory, injury and fibrotic factors were elevated in both tissue (mRNA) and urine (protein) of male obese rats. Conclusion: Male obese ZSF-1 rats represent an important DN model, manifesting key pathophysiological features including metabolic syndrome, proteinuria, progressive tubular and glomerular fibrosis, and transient hyperfiltration followed by progressive decline in renal function. Uninephrectomy significantly accelerated disease progression. Females were less severe in disease manifestation. Several urinary and tissue biomarkers were identified in the male obese rats that tracked with disease progression.
Is ACEI superior to ARB for CKD?

The activation of the renin angiotensin aldosteron (RAA) system plays a major role in the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Inhibition of the RAA system ameliorates renal injury and improves the prognosis of CKD patients (1-3). On the basis of solid evidence from numerous animal model experiments and clinical trials of RAA inhibitors, beyond their action of lowering blood pressure, they have beneficial effects on local tissue remodeling and inhibition of tissue damage, which occurs by locally generated angiotensin II in the kidney. According to the guidelines, both ACEI and ARB have been used as the first-line drugs for the treatment of CKD, however, the superiority between ACEI and ARB has not been well studied. In this issue of Internal Medicine, Shoda et al (4) reported that ACEI significantly attenuated the progression of CKD to end-stage renal failure than ARB in non-diabetic CKD patients during a 5-year observation. Proteinuria was significantly lowered by treatment with ACEI compared to those with ARB. More importantly, ACEI showed a better risk reduction of progression to ESRD than ARB. This is the first report to demonstrate the superiority of the ACEI in the treatment of stage 3 CKD patients when the mean blood pressure was equally controlled to around 130/80 mmHg. The study, however, contains some limitations: the number of enrolled patients is small. The study was not conducted in a double-blind manner. The baseline renal function and proteinuria tended to be worse in the patients assigned to ARB, although there was no significant difference in statistics.
Mortality in coeliac disease: a population-based cohort study from a single centre in Southern Derbyshire, UK

Objective With the advent of screening tests, it was hypothesised that milder cases of coeliac disease coming to diagnosis might have reduced risk of mortality. An earlier publication did not support this view. We have re-examined this issue employing a larger number of patients followed for a further 8 years. Design Patients with coeliac disease from Southern Derbyshire, UK, were followed prospectively from 1978 to 2014 and included those diagnosed by biopsy and serology. Causes of death were ascertained. Standardised mortality ratios were calculated for all deaths, cardiovascular disease, malignancy, accidents and suicides, respiratory and digestive disease. Ratios were calculated for individual causes. Analysis centred on the postdiagnosis period that included follow-up time beginning 2 years from the date of coeliac disease diagnosis to avoid ascertainment bias. Patients were stratified according to date of diagnosis to reflect increasing use of serological methods. Results All-cause mortality increase was 57%. Mortality in the serology era declined overall. Mortality from cardiovascular disease, specifically, decreased significantly over time. Death from respiratory disease significantly increased in the postdiagnosis period. The standardised mortality ratio for non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma was 6.32, for pneumonia 2.58, for oesophageal cancer 2.80 and for liver disease 3.10. Survival in those who died after diagnosis increased by three times over the past three decades. Conclusions Serological testing has impacted on the risk of mortality in coeliac disease. There is an opportunity to improve survival by implementing vaccination programmes for pneumonia and more prompt, aggressive treatments for liver disease.