Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
In vitro engineering of complete autologous oral mucosa equivalents: characterization of a novel scaffold.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Restoration of oral mucosa defects by means of in vitro-cultured equivalents has become a valid alternative in the field of oral and periodontics surgery. Although different techniques have been described, none has been able to provide an equivalent with an autologous scaffold for the epithelium. The purpose of this study was to obtain complete autologous oral mucosa equivalents (CAOME) using the patient's own fibroblasts and plasma and to characterize these equivalents both morphologically and immunohistochemically. MATERIAL AND METHODS We acquired cell types (keratinocytes and fibroblasts) from the same mucosal samples, which were taken from healthy patients who underwent oral surgery. To construct the CAOME, a small sample of blood was obtained from the patient and subsequently processed to obtain a fibrin glue scaffold. All CAOME thus obtained were stained using the standard hematoxylin and eosin method to study their morphological characteristics. To establish the type of cells in the epithelial layer, CAOME were stained with pancytokeratin AE1/AE3, cytokeratins 5/6 and 13, p-63 and Ki-67. Finally, laminin 5 and collagen IV were used to reveal the presence of a basal membrane. RESULTS The CAOME featured a monolayer of cube-shaped epithelial cells similar to that found on the basal layer of the oral mucosa. Close to the epithelial layer lay the fibrin and fibroblasts-embedded scaffold. The CAOME was positive to pancytokeratin AE1/AE3, cytokeratin 5/6 and p-63. No reaction was found to cytokeratin 13 and Ki-67. There was staining to laminin 5 but not to collagen IV. CONCLUSIONS It is possible to engineer a CAOME with an epithelium of basal-like and immature keratinocytes, which could potentially reconstruct in vivo loss of tissue.
Corneal ulceration in South East Asia. II: A strategy for the prevention of fungal keratitis at the village level in Burma

Aim: To prove that topical antifungal and antibiotic prophylaxis distributed by grass roots village health workers (VHWs) in Burma is an effective public health intervention for the prevention of post-traumatic microbial keratitis in a population where the majority of ulcers are fungal. Methods: Three villages in Bago District with a combined population of 16 987 were selected for the study. This defined population was followed prospectively for 12 months by 15 VHWs who were trained to identify post-traumatic corneal abrasions with fluorescein dye and a blue torch and to administer 1% chloramphenicol and 1% clotrimazole ointment three times a day for 3 days to the eyes of individuals who fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Results: During the 12 month period 273 individuals reported to VHWs with an ocular injury and 126 were found to have a corneal abrasion. All 126 were treated with 1% chloramphenicol and 1% clotrimazole ointment three times a day for 3 days, and all healed without sequelae. Conclusions: Both fungal and bacterial ulcers that occur following traumatic corneal abrasions can be effectively prevented in a village setting by using relatively simple measures that local volunteer public health workers can easily be taught to employ.
A modified boundary element method for the estimation of potential fields on the scalp

A modified boundary element method (BEM) for the calculation of potential fields on the scalp is proposed and tested in a three-shell model. The method greatly reduces the computational burden with only a small cost in accuracy. The resistivity of the skull is taken as infinite and the potential field on the inner skull surface is calculated using the standard BEM method for a one-surface system. Then the potential at any single selected point on the scalp is calculated directly from Green's theorem. The method does not give an accurate estimate of the magnitude of the potential on the scalp, but it does preserve correct relative magnitudes over all source locations in the head.
Patients' perceptions of breast MRI: a single-center study.

OBJECTIVE The high sensitivity and lower specificity of breast MRI for detecting breast cancer are well documented in the literature. As the use of breast MRI continues to grow, medical controversy persists over the appropriate use of this test. However, patients' perceptions of breast MRI are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine patients' perception of the impact of breast MRI on their care and to compare patients' perception with objective assessments. MATERIALS AND METHODS Patients undergoing breast MRI between January 2004 and December 2005 for cancer staging or high-risk surveillance were surveyed regarding comfort during, satisfaction with, and perception of MRI's impact on their clinical care. The respondents' perceptions of the impact of MRI on their care were compared with objective assessments based on retrospective chart review for breast cancer patients. RESULTS Of 300 patients, the survey was completed by 227 (76%). Ninety-one percent (203/224) reported mild or no discomfort during the examination, and 91% (206/226) perceived the breast MRI examination as having a positive impact on their care. Breast cancer patients were significantly more likely to perceive the impact of MRI as beneficial in comparison with the objective assessment (91% vs 35%, respectively; p < 0.001). CONCLUSION Most women undergoing breast MRI for cancer staging and screening found it to be a comfortable test and perceived it to have a positive impact on their care. Breast cancer patients perceived the clinical impact of their breast MRI examination to be significantly more positive than when assessed objectively.
Print and Online News

Drawing upon the notions of remediation and bricolage, the present study investigates the content relationship of print and online news. The article analyses the main characteristics and changes occurring in the form of print and online news at a time when cultural, technological and economic imperatives nurture a new ethos in the practices of professionals and organizations. Print and online newspapers in Greece seem to share a symbiotic relationship, with the representational power of the print—articulated in news form and relevant news values and criteria—still being strong. Although displacement effects are hard to claim, both print and online media tend to refashion themselves. It remains to be seen whether this refashioning process will lead the two media to greater amalgamation, bringing them even to merge into one or whether divergence processes will prevail, generating distinct news forms.
Beyond Criminalisation and Responsibilisation: Sexting, Gender and Young People

Abstract In recent years, the prosecution of teenagers who use digital and online technology to produce and circulate erotic imagery (‘sexts’) under child pornography statutes has been the subject of sustained controversy. Debates over sexting have foregrounded the harms of criminalisation as well as the role of sexts in cyber-bullying and online child solicitation. While acknowledging the problematic dimensions of legal interventions in sexting, this article notes that patterns of relational coercion often begin in adolescence and that malicious sexting cases follow patterns similar to other forms of technologically facilitated gendered victimisation. The gendered dimensions of sexting are often overlooked in education campaigns that position girls and young women in ways that responsibilise them to reduce their own risk of victimisation. It is argued that efforts to prevent or intervene in the harms of sexting should consider the broader sociocultural role of digital and online technology in coercive control and dating abuse and also avoid a simplistic responsibilisation of potential victims.
DNA methylation changes in the postmortem dorsolateral prefrontal cortex of patients with schizophrenia

Background: Schizophrenia is a complex psychiatric disorder with a lifetime morbidity rate of 0.5–1.0%. The pathophysiology of schizophrenia still remains obscure. Accumulating evidence indicates that DNA methylation, which is the addition of a methyl group to the cytosine in a CpG dinucleotide, might play an important role in the pathogenesis of schizophrenia. Methods: To gain further insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying schizophrenia, a genome-wide DNA methylation profiling (27,578 CpG dinucleotides spanning 14,495 genes) of the human dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) was conducted in a large cohort (n = 216) of well characterized specimens from individuals with schizophrenia and non-psychiatric controls, combined with an analysis of genetic variance at ~880,000 SNPs. Results: Aberrant DNA methylation in schizophrenia was identified at 107 CpG sites at 5% Bonferroni correction (p < 1.99 × 10−6). Of these significantly altered sites, hyper-DNA methylation was observed at 79 sites (73.8%), mostly in the CpG islands (CGIs) and in the regions flanking CGIs (CGI: 31 sites; CGI shore: 35 sites; CGI shelf: 3 sites). Furthermore, a large number of cis-methylation quantitative trait loci (mQTL) were identified, including associations with risk SNPs implicated in schizophrenia. Conclusions: These results suggest that altered DNA methylation might be involved in the pathophysiology and/or treatment of schizophrenia, and that a combination of epigenetic and genetic approaches will be useful to understanding the molecular mechanism of this complex disorder.
Metamaterial Electromagnetic Cloak at Microwave Frequencies

A recently published theory has suggested that a cloak of invisibility is in principle possible, at least over a narrow frequency band. We describe here the first practical realization of such a cloak; in our demonstration, a copper cylinder was “hidden” inside a cloak constructed according to the previous theoretical prescription. The cloak was constructed with the use of artificially structured metamaterials, designed for operation over a band of microwave frequencies. The cloak decreased scattering from the hidden object while at the same time reducing its shadow, so that the cloak and object combined began to resemble empty space.
Nutrient Intake and Weight/Height of Saudi Patients at King Faisal Specialist Hospital in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Nutrition surveys in the past showed some mild and moderate degrees of malnutrition in young children below 10 years of age. Deficiency diseases like anaemia were also reported. This survey is part of a large study of 1005 patients and sitters to see the relationship of diet and disease. Seven hundred and fourteen patients were subsampled and became the subject of this report to find out if the nutritional status of the children surveyed 10 to 15 years ago had any major change. It also presented some new information about nutritional status of older groups up to 96 years of age. It was found that weight for height and height for age of children up 14 years (except the girls GT 10-LE 14 years) could now compare with the US NCHS standard. The adolescent girls' (up to age 18) weight for height were statistically lower than the standard. Later in life, with some influences from the other female members of the household, and because of their limited activity, the women's weights were even higher than the standard. The adolescent males' weights were within standard, but the adult males' from age 18 were statistically lower than NCHS. Height for age from age 14 years for all were statistically lower than standard and was attributed to poor nutritional states in the past. Energy intakes of the adult males and iron intakes of the infants below one year of age were significantly lower than standard. Low energy intakes of the adult males confirm low weight for height performance. The same problem with iron of milk-fed infants of 10 to 15 years ago was still encountered. This shows that some traditional practice of infant feeding still persists despite the improvement in the quality of life and standard of living of the Saudis due to the economic upheaval created by oil. This survey emphasizes the importance of follow-up reports to see the changes in the people's state of health after a period of transition from economic dependence to affluence.
Parenting Stress: The Roles of Attachment States of Mind and Parenting Alliance in the Context of Adoption

SYNOPSIS Objective. To examine whether parent’s attachment states of mind and parenting alliance contribute to parental stress in the potentially demanding context of adoption. Design. Fifty mother–father pairs (n = 100) completed the Adult Attachment Interview within six months of adoption to investigate attachment states of mind. The Parenting Stress Index-Short Form (PSI/SF) and the Parenting Alliance Measure questionnaires were administered two years after adoption to evaluate stress and the parenting alliance. Results. Multivariate regression models showed that unresolved attachment predicted stress to a greater extent than insecure attachment and, together with low parenting alliance, significantly contributed to explaining levels of stress perceived by parents. In mothers, but not in fathers, parenting alliance moderated the effect of an unresolved state of mind on parenting stress. Conclusion. Unresolved attachment states of mind and the parenting alliance singly, and even more so jointly, influence stress experienced by parents. Understanding of the family’s adjustment to adoption may benefit from an in-depth analysis of the role of individual and dyadic variables involved in childrearing.
The Glue that Holds Our Work Together: The Role and Nature of Relationships in Youth Work.

Professional identity is an ongoing topic of discussion in the youth work literature. This paper looks at one of the key elements of the definition of youth work: the relationships that youth workers establish with young people. It presents research findings which suggest that youth workers have multidimensional relationships with young people that have an educative component and therapeutic value. It is argued that these relationships are integral to the way in which youth workers work with young people, and that the significance of relationships to youth work should be documented in order to gain recognition and support from the field and from funding bodies.
Sugar and volatile fatty acids dynamic during anaerobic treatment of olive mill wastewater

ABSTRACT Biogas production has been the main route used to exploit olive mill wastewater (OMW), after pretreatment and/or in combination with other effluents, but more recently the production of chemicals and biopolymers by biotechnological routes has deserved increasing attention by the scientific community. The present paper aims to explore the potential of fresh OMW as a source of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and biogas. The time profile of VFAs production and the corresponding sugar consumption was followed by high-performance liquid chromatography, in batch anaerobic assays. The experimental results have revealed the very high potential of the OMW for the production of VFAs, mainly due to the high sugar concentration in the effluent (37.8 g/L) and its complete conversion into VFAs, in a time period of 2–3 days. The most abundant VFAs were acetic (48–50%), n-butanoic (12–27%), iso-pentanoic (12–14%) and propanoic (5–13%). The ratio of VFA containing even and odd carbon chains increased with the reduction in the initial chemical oxygen demand concentration of the samples used in the experiments. The conversion of the VFAs to biogas was inhibited at concentrations of 3.5 g/L of VFAs.
Ten Years Experience With Belatacept-Based Immunosuppression After Kidney Transplantation

Background Belatacept was approved for prevention of acute rejection in adult kidney transplantation in 2011 based on two randomized, controlled, multicenter phase 3 studies. Long-term experience over 10 years with belatacept-based immunosuppression after kidney transplantation has not been reported before. Patients and Methods Analyzed were 20 patients who had been included into a randomized multicenter phase 2 study by our institution between March 2001 and November 2002. For 10-year follow-up, three different groups could be analyzed: 1) patients with primary calcineurin inhibitor-based (CNI-based) immunosuppression (n = 5), 2) patients with early switch from a belatacept-based to a CNI-based regimen within the first 14 months (n = 8) and 3) patients with completely CNI-free belatacept immunosuppression (n = 7). Results Fifteen patients received primary belatacept-based immunosuppression and five patients primary cyclosporine A (CyA). Five patients are still on belatacept. Kidney function measured by serum creatinine levels worsened in the CNI group and the belatacept to CNI switch group during long-term follow-up whereas all patients receiving belatacept throughout follow-up showed stable creatinine values. Acute rejections occurred predominantly in the first 12 months after transplantation and were responsible for four of seven switches from belatacept- to CNI-based immunosuppression within the first 14 months. Five of the 20 patients died. Conclusions Belatacept is effective and safe in renal transplant patients and was not associated with graft loss due to chronic allograft nephropathy. Belatacept was well tolerated in all patients and caused less nephrotoxic side effects and was well accepted in most patients.
The Ghost of a Dwarf Galaxy: Fossils of the Hierarchical Formation of the Nearby Spiral Galaxy NGC 5907

We present an extragalactic perspective of an extended stellar tidal stream wrapping around the edge-on spiral galaxy NGC 5907. Our deep images reveal for the first time a large-scale complex of arcing loops that is an excellent example of how low-mass satellite accretion can produce an interwoven, rosette-like structure of debris dispersed in the halo of its host galaxy. The existence of this structure, which has probably formed and survived for several gigayears, confirms that halos of spiral galaxies in the local universe may still contain a significant number of galactic fossils from their hierarchical formation. To examine the validity of the external accretion scenario, we present N-body simulations of the tidal disruption of a dwarf galaxy-like system in a disk galaxy plus dark halo potential that demonstrate that most of the tidal features observed in NGC 5907 can be explained by a single accretion event. Unfortunately, with no kinematic data and only the projected geometry of the stream as a constraint, the parameters of our model are considerably degenerate and, for now, must be considered illustrative only. Interestingly, NGC 5907 has long been considered a prototypical example of a warped spiral in relative isolation. The presence of an extended tidal stream challenges this picture and suggests that the gravitational perturbations induced by the stream progenitor must be considered as a possible cause for the warp. The detection of an old, complex tidal stream in a nearby galaxy with rather modest instrumentation points to the viability of surveys to find extragalactic tidal substructures around spiral galaxies in the Local Volume (<15 Mpc), with the prospect of obtaining a census with enough statistical significance to be compared with cosmological simulations.
A Continuum Model for a Re-entrant Factory

High-volume, multistage continuous production flow through a re-entrant factory is modeled through a conservation law for a continuous-density variable on a continuous-production line augmented by a state equation for the speed of the production along the production line. The resulting nonlinear, nonlocal hyperbolic conservation law allows fast and accurate simulations. Little's law is built into the model. It is argued that the state equation for a re-entrant factory should be nonlinear. Comparisons of simulations of the partial differential equation (PDE) model and discrete-event simulations are presented. A general analysis of the model shows that for any nonlinear state equation there exist two steady states of production below a critical start rate: A high-volume, high-throughput time state and a low-volume, low-throughput time state. The stability of the low-volume state is proved. Output is controlled by adjusting the start rate to a changed demand rate. Two linear factories and a re-entrant factory, each one modeled by a hyperbolic conservation law, are linked to provide proof of concept for efficient supply chain simulations. Instantaneous density and flux through the supply chain as well as work in progress (WIP) and output as a function of time are presented. Extensions to include multiple product flows and preference rules for products and dispatch rules for re-entrant choices are discussed.
TYPIST: A Theory of Performance in Skilled Typing

TYPIST is a TheorY of Performance In Skilled Typing built within the framework of the Model Human Processor (MHP; Card, Moran, & Newell, 1983). As such, it can be used to make quantitative predictions of performance on typing tasks and can be integrated with other MHP-based models of performance. In this article, I present the theory and explain the source of each theoretical assumption (MHP, typing task analysis, or empirical typing data). I then demonstrate different ways to use TYPIST by applying it to six transcription typing tasks. Finally, I summarize its application to many more typing tasks that display robust behavioral phenomena identified by Salthouse (1986).
Carrying on or giving in : processes of self-control and ego depletion

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PDZ Domains and Viral Infection: Versatile Potentials of HPV-PDZ Interactions in relation to Malignancy

Cervical cancer is caused by high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs), and a unique characteristic of these is a PDZ (P¯SD-95/D¯lg/Z¯O-1-)binding motif in their E6 proteins. Through this motif HPV E6 interacts with a variety of PDZ domain-containing proteins and targets them mainly for degradation. These E6-PDZ interactions exhibit extraordinarily different functions in relation to HPV-induced malignancy, depending upon various cellular contexts; for example, Dlg and Scrib show different distribution patterns from what is seen in normal epithelium, both in localization and in amount, and their loss may be a late-stage marker in malignant progression. Recent studies show that interactions with specific forms of the proteins may have oncogenic potential. In addition, it is interesting that PDZ proteins make a contribution to the stabilization of E6 and viral episomal maintenance during the course of HPV life cycle. Various posttranslational modifications also greatly affect their functions. Phosphorylation of hDlg and hScrib by certain kinases regulates several important signaling cascades, and E6-PDZ interactions themselves are regulated through PKA-dependent phosphorylation. Thus these interactions naturally have great potential for both predictive and therapeutic applications, and, with development of screening tools for identifying novel targets of their interactions, comprehensive spatiotemporal analysis is currently underway.
Generic Modeling using UML extensions for variability

The abstract modeling of variability between members of a product family is necessary for development with reuse and realized using variation points and optional elements. The UML can be easily extended in standardized ways. Therefore, even extensions can be standardized in form of a UML profile. With variation points and optional elements generic models in UML are developed. Thus they use all advantages of UML, e.g. tool support and standardization.