Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Total Hip Arthroplasty in Children With Juvenile Chronic Arthritis: Long-Term Results

From 1984 to 2002, 20 total hip arthroplasties in children with juvenile chronic arthritis were performed in the authors' department. All patients had polyarticular disease. Average age of patients was 15.8 (range 13-24) years. Early onset of the disease occurred at an average age of 7.3 (4-10) years. In six patients the physes were open at the time of surgery. All patients had complete loss of joint space and various combinations of subchondral sclerosis, flattening of the femoral head, and anterior inclination of the neck. All patients used crutches for walking and joint function was very restricted. All patients were operated on under general anesthesia. One of them was supported additionally with laryngeal mask because of cervical spine involvement. No intra- or postoperative complications occurred. Mobilization of the patients started immediately after surgery, followed by a special rehabilitation program. Follow-up examination was based on the Merle d'Aubigne et Postel scale as modified by Charnley. Patients were followed at 6 weeks and 3 months after surgery and thereafter every 6 months with clinical and radiologic examination. Average follow-up was 9.2 (2-20) years. All patients had no pain and full functional ability. Although total hip arthroplasty is technically difficult in this age, it should be performed in specialized centers because pain relief, decreased deformity, and improved quality of life can be achieved in most patients. The only disadvantage is wear of the prosthesis.
Learning vocabulary through meaning-focused input: Replication of Elley (1989) and Liu & Nation (1985)

There has been a great deal of research on first language (L1) and second language (L2) learning through meaning-focused input since Nagy, Herman & Anderson's (1985) seminal study of incidental vocabulary learning through reading. Two strands of research within this area are incidental vocabulary learning through listening and guessing from context. This article discusses widely-cited studies from each of these areas – Elley (1989) and Liu & Nation (1985) – that deserve to be replicated. Both studies made important contributions to the field, were original in their designs, and advanced our understanding of how vocabulary is learned in context. The benefits of replicating these two studies are described and several suggestions are made for how the replications might be completed.
Cubic chemically ordered FeRh and FeCo nanomagnets prepared by mass-selected low-energy cluster-beam deposition: a comparative study

Near the point of equiatomic composition, both FeRh and FeCo bulk alloys exhibit a CsCl-type (B2) chemically ordered phase that is related to specific magnetic properties, namely a metamagnetic anti-ferromagnetic/ferromagnetic transition near room temperature for FeRh and a huge magnetic moment for the FeCo soft alloy. In this paper, we present the magnetic and structural properties of nanoparticles of less than 5 nm diameter embedded in an inert carbon matrix prepared by mass-selected low-energy cluster-beam deposition technique. We obtained a CsCl-type (B2) chemically ordered phase for annealed nanoalloys. Using different experimental measurements, we show how decreasing the size affects the magnetic properties. FeRh nanoparticles keep the ferromagnetic order at low temperature due to surface relaxation affecting the cell parameter. In the case of FeCo clusters, the environment drastically affects the intrinsic properties of this system by reducing the magnetization in comparison to the bulk.
The Political Content of Late Night Comedy

During the 2000 national election season, there was unprecedented attention paid by the media, and by presidential campaigns, to the political content of late night comedy shows such as the Tonight Show with Jay Leno and the Late Show with David Letterman. Focusing on the more than thirteen thousand jokes about U.S. political figures from 1996 to 2000 on late night comedy talk shows, this study explores the choice of targets and subjects of political humor. The authors find that late night humor is heavily centered on the president and top presidential contenders, that the various late night shows tend to exhibit the same patterns in their choice of targets, and that the humor is generally devoid of issue content.
Validação do Questionário de Perfis de Valores (QPV) no Brasil

The objective of this research was to validate to Brazil the Portrait Values Questionnaire (PVQ) developed by Schwartz. The PVQ was translated into Portuguese using the back-translation procedure and was applied to a sample of 614 students from primary, high and college education. The data were analyzed by means of the multidimensional scaling technique using a bi-dimensional structure. The spatial configuration obtained offers a positive indication for the construct validity of the instrument. The regions found were: Conformity, Tradition, Security, Stimulation, Universality/Benevolence, Power/Achievement and Self-Determination/Hedonism. The last three regions were composed of adjacent motivational types. Descriptive and comparative results converging with international findings also constitute a set of important elements that supports the validity of the instrument.
An Ecobehavioral Examination of High School Classrooms That Include Students with Disabilities

This study examined teacher behaviors, student responses, and classroom ecology in inclusive classrooms in four high schools that have had success at including students with disabilities in general education, and examined the differences in teacher and student behavior for students with and without disabilities. Using a computerized ecobehavioral assessment tool (EBASS), 199 observations in 118 inclusive classrooms were conducted. Major results were that (a) students with and without disabilities showed high levels of academic engagement and low levels of inappropriate behavior; (b) there were no significant differences in the behavior of students with and without disabilities; (c) teachers were active in their classrooms, spending more than 75% of their time involved in instructing, managing, and interacting with their students; and (d) students with disabilities were more often the focus of the teachers' attention than students without disabilities. Possible explanations for these results and implications for practice are discussed.
Isoforms vatB1 and vatB2 of the vacuolar type ATPase subunit B are differentially expressed in embryos of the zebrafish (Danio rerio)

The v‐type ATPase is a membrane anchored, multi‐subunit proton pump, which in freshwater fish appears to play a major role in ionoregulative processes in the apical membrane of specialized gill cells. Very little is known about free‐living fish embryos and larvae that are exposed to hypo‐osmotic conditions with spawning but do not have their gills fully developed. By using reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction and immunological methods, we could demonstrate the presence of two isoforms of the subunit B of this v‐type ATPase in the early development of the zebrafish. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the presence of one isoform (vatB1) in the apical membrane of embryonic skin cells, while vatB2 has been found ubiquitously. This differential localization of the two isoforms supports the hypothesis that vatB1 is preferentially involved in ionoregulative functions, while vatB2 may be preferentially responsible for acidification of intracellular vesicles. Developmental Dynamics 230:569–575, 2004. © 2004 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Monitoring Children's Growth in Early Literacy Skills: Effects of Feedback on Performance and Classroom Environments

The study examined the benefits of providing kindergarten teachers with feedback about students' performance on early literacy progress-monitoring probes. Students were administered the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills (DIBELS) in fall, winter, and spring; classroom environment was evaluated using the Early Language and Literacy Classroom Observation (ELLCO) in fall and spring. Teachers received either (a) specific information about students' performance on the DIBELS or (b) descriptive information about the DIBELS without performance feedback. Students whose teachers received feedback (n=55) made greater improvements on two DIBELS subtests compared to students whose teachers did not receive feedback (n=48). Feedback did not lead to greater change in classroom environment. Implications for using progress-monitoring to promote early literacy skill development are discussed.
Effects of Instruction on L2 Pronunciation Development: A Synthesis of 15 Quasi- Experimental Intervention Studies

Over the past 25 years second language (L2) acquisition researchhas paid considerable attention to the effectiveness of instruction onL2 morphosyntax development, and the ﬁndings of relevant empiricalstudies have been extensively summarized using narrative review meth-ods (e.g., Ellis, 2002) as well as meta-analytic review methods (e.g.,Spada & Tomita, 2010). These researchers have reached a consensusthat (a) integrating language focus into meaning-oriented classroomsis more effective than a purely naturalistic approach, and (b) contextu-alized grammar teaching methods (e.g., focus-on-form instruction,form-focused instruction) is more effective than decontexualized gram-mar teaching methods (e.g., focus-on-formS instruction, grammar-translation method). What is surprising in this vein of L2 acquisitionstudies, however, is the lack of research in the area of L2 pronuncia-tion development. Pronunciation teaching has been notorious for itsoverdependence on decontextualized practice such as mechanicaldrills and repetition, reminiscent of the audiolingual teaching meth-ods of several decades ago (for discussion, see Celce-Murcia, Brinton, 1Goodwin, & Griner, 2010). Furthermore, very few language teachersactually receive adequate training in the speciﬁc area of pronunciationteaching (Foote, Holtby, & Derwing, 2011). 1234567891011121314151617181920212223242526272829303132333435363738394041424344
The relationship between creativity, social play, and children's language abilities

In this study, we explore the interconnectedness between children's creativity, social play, and language abilities. The participants were 225 (109 girls, 116 boys) preschool children, from diverse European American, African American, and Hispanic ethnic heritages. We assessed the children in three ways. First, each child completed the Goodenough Harris Draw a Person task as a measure of creativity. Second, we recorded observations of children's social play using time sampling techniques and Howes and Matheson's Peer Play Scale. Finally, performance on the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test (PPVT-IV) served as a measure of receptive vocabulary. Correlation analyses revealed a clear relationship between certain types of social play and creativity. For example, higher incidences of solitary, onlooker, and parallel aware play appeared to connect to lower creativity scores. In addition, children's receptive or hearing vocabulary related to specific types of social play, that is, higher instances of parallel play led to lower receptive language scores. In addition, setting shaped language abilities. For example, in one setting, complex relates to increased vocabulary abilities. In contrast, in another setting, simple social and parallel play relates to lower language scores. These findings suggest a positive relationship between children's language abilities, creativity, and play. Such studies help inform classroom curriculum and practice.
Prevalence of and risk factors for postprandial hypotension in older Chinese men

Objective To assess the prevalence of and risk factors for postprandial hypotension (PPH) among old and very old Chinese men. Methods The study included 349 Chinese men aged 65 and older, grouped into two age categories: group 1 (old) included 163 men aged 65 to 80 years; group 2 (very old) included 186 men aged over 80 years. Blood pressure changes after meals were assessed every 15 min by ambulatory blood pressure monitoring. Symptoms after meal ingestion and after standing up and changes in the baseline condition relative to blood pressure changes were observed continuously. Additional baseline data included body mass index, medical history, and medication use. Results The prevalence of PPH was 59.3% overall and was significantly higher in group 2 than group 1 (63.4% vs. 54.6%, P < 0.05). In group 2, the prevalence of PPH after breakfast (33.8%) and lunch (32.1%) were higher than that after supper (20.9%), P < 0.05. Hypertension and age were significant risk factors for PPH (OR = 2.188, 95% CI: 1.134−4.223, P = 0.02; OR = 1.86, 95% CI: 1.112−3.11, P = 0.018, respectively). In contrast, acarbose use was protective against PPH (OR = 0.4, 95% CI: 0.189−0.847, P = 0.017). The decrease in blood pressure during PPH was 20−40 mmHg and the maximum was 90 mmHg. PPH usually occurred at 30−60 min after a meal and lasted 30−120 min. Conclusions These findings demonstrate that the prevalence of PPH in men aged over 80 years is significantly higher than those in men aged 65 to 80 years, and the blood pressure decline is also higher for men aged over 80 years. In addition, hypertension and age were main risk factors for PPH in the older men, which suggest that preventing and treating PPH is worthwhile.
Mothers, Teachers, Maternalism and Early Childhood Education and Care: Some Historical Connections

Many current debates in Australia regarding the policy, politics and practicalities of childcare provision are embedded in dominant discourses of maternalism. This article places these debates within some historical contexts, emphasising the long history of these debates and the enduring centrality of maternalism — where the most revered of roles and relationships a woman can have is that of mother and one-on-one carer for her young child. In this article, the author discusses some of the historical points at which maternalism came to dominate early childhood education and care. The author considers Froebel, and the women who spread his word, nation building and the rise of psychology, making links between these and current debates in Australia.
Obesity, Energy Balance, and Cancer: New Opportunities for Prevention

Obesity is associated with increased risk and poor prognosis for many types of cancer. The mechanisms underlying the obesity-cancer link are becoming increasingly clear and provide multiple opportunities for primary to tertiary prevention. Several obesity-related host factors can influence tumor initiation, progression and/or response to therapy, and these have been implicated as key contributors to the complex effects of obesity on cancer incidence and outcomes. These host factors include insulin, insulin-like growth factor-I, leptin, adiponectin, steroid hormones, cytokines, and inflammation-related molecules. Each of these host factors is considered in the context of energy balance and as potential targets for cancer prevention. The possibility of prevention at the systems level, including energy restriction, dietary composition, and exercise is considered as is the importance of the newly emerging field of stem cell research as a model for studying energy balance and cancer prevention. Cancer Prev Res; 5(11); 1260–72. ©2012 AACR.
Phase precession and variable spatial scaling in a periodic attractor map model of medial entorhinal grid cells with realistic after‐spike dynamics

We present a model that describes the generation of the spatial (grid fields) and temporal (phase precession) properties of medial entorhinal cortical (MEC) neurons by combining network and intrinsic cellular properties. The model incorporates network architecture derived from earlier attractor map models, and is implemented in 1D for simplicity. Periodic driving of conjunctive (position × head‐direction) layer‐III MEC cells at theta frequency with intensity proportional to the rat's speed, moves an ‘activity bump’ forward in network space at a corresponding speed. The addition of prolonged excitatory currents and simple after‐spike dynamics resembling those observed in MEC stellate cells (for which new data are presented) accounts for both phase precession and the change in scale of grid fields along the dorso‐ventral axis of MEC. Phase precession in the model depends on both synaptic connectivity and intrinsic currents, each of which drive neural spiking either during entry into, or during exit out of a grid field. Thus, the model predicts that the slope of phase precession changes between entry into and exit out of the field. The model also exhibits independent variation in grid spatial period and grid field size, which suggests possible experimental tests of the model. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
From means and variances to persons and patterns

A novel approach for conceptualizing and analyzing data from psychological studies is presented and discussed. This approach is centered on model building in an effort to explicate the structures and processes believed to generate a set of observations. These models therefore go beyond the variable-based, path models in use today which are limiting with regard to the types of inferences psychologists can draw from their research. In terms of analysis, the newer approach replaces traditional aggregate statistics such as means, variances, and covariances with methods of pattern detection and analysis. While these methods are person-centered and do not require parametric assumptions, they are both demanding and rigorous. They also provide psychologists with the information needed to draw the primary inference they often wish to make from their research; namely, the inference to best explanation.
Sexual Dysfunction in Jordanian Diabetic Women

OBJECTIVE—To estimate the prevalence of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) in diabetic and nondiabetic Jordanian women. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—Data were collected from 1,137 married women using the Arabic translation of the Female Sexual Function Index questionnaire. RESULTS—Prevalence of sexual dysfunction in diabetic women 50 years of age or older was 59.6 vs. 45.6% in nondiabetic women (P = 0.003). Diabetic women had more dysfunction of desire, arousal, lubrication, and orgasm than nondiabetic women. Glycemic control, smoking, dyslipidemia, hypertension, autonomic neuropathy, and peripheral neuropathy did not have a significant effect on FSD. Age, BMI, duration of diabetes, and the presence of coronary artery disease, nephropathy, and retinopathy had negative effects on FSD. CONCLUSIONS—Prevalence of FSD among Jordanian women was found to be significantly higher in diabetic compared with nondiabetic women.
GIVING OUR CLIENTS THE BREAK: APPLICATIONS OF CLIENT-DIRECTED, OUTCOME-INFORMED CLINICAL WORK

Abstract The use of a short break during the therapy session—traditionally an important ritual in the field of family therapy in general and in Solution Focused Therapy in particular—is generally seen to have a number of therapeutic advantages. Among other things, it: (1) affords therapists the opportunity to consult with colleagues on their team; (2) gives the therapist time to prepare constructive feedback for the client(s); and (3) allows time to devise helpful therapeutic tasks. Reflecting the growing interest in creating collaborative interventions, this article describes the use of a more “client-directed” session break, whereby clients are encouraged to use the break to reflect on what has happened in the session to generate their own conclusions and even to assign themselves homework if they wish. The development of the ideas is described and illustrated with case examples.
A developmental cascade of early teacher-child relationships: implications for academic performance

Kindergarten teacher-child relationships have been identified as important and salient contributors to child school success across multiple domains. However, less attention has focused on what early factors impact the development of a positive teacher-child relationship in kindergarten. This study presents a developmental cascade model that examines how the interaction of early maternal warmth and emotion regulation impacts the development of kindergarten-teacher child relationships, which in turn, impacts later academic performance. It was hypothesized that high levels of maternal warmth and adaptive emotion regulation at the transition to school (age 5) would each directly predict positive teacher-child relationships in kindergarten which in turn would predict academic performance concurrently and two years later. A series of structural equation models (SEM) were examined to test these hypotheses in a sample of children who participated in the ongoing longitudinal RIGHT Track project at ages 2, 4, 5, and 7 years. Results indicated that neither maternal warmth nor emotion regulation at 5 years predicted kindergarten teacher-child relationships. Four year adaptive emotion regulation; however, significantly predicted positive kindergarten teacher-child relationships. In addition, the kindergarten teacher-child relationship was associated with concurrent academic performance and had a significant indirect effect to second grade academic performance. Exploratory analyses indicated that maternal hostility at 5 years negatively predicted the kindergarten teacher-child relationship. Future research should consider additional child and parenting behaviors that may predict the development of kindergarten teacher-child relationships.
Motor activity in children who are blind or partially sighted

Until now, no empirical data have been available on the quantitative restrictions to motor activity in children with visual impairments even though many researchers and practitioners have stressed that these restrictions may be responsible for many of the observable motor problems. The present study used actometers to measure leg and arm activity in 20 children who were blind, 15 who were partially sighted, and 35 sighted controls from the same pre-school groups matched for age and gender. The results showed strong and highly significant restrictions in leg movements in the blind compared with sighted peers (63% of the leg activity of sighted controls). Differences in arm movements did not attain statistical significance (83% of the arm activity of sighted controls). The partially sighted group revealed stronger restrictions in leg movements (77% of the leg activity of sighted controls) than in arm movements (90% of the arm activity of sighted controls). However, none of the differences between the partia.