Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Multi‐source perspectives of self‐esteem, performance ratings, and source agreement

Purpose – To examine the relationship between self‐esteem and job performance using others' perceptions of self‐esteem and to examine agreement in ratings of self‐esteem across sources.Design/methodology/approach – A sample of 143 sales representatives, 113 supervisors, 420 peers, 435 customers, and 510 family and friends completed Rosenberg's measure of self‐esteem and a measure of acquaintanceship. Peers and supervisors rated the subjects' job performance. Correlations and hierarchical regression were used to explore the relationships.Findings – Customer, peer, and supervisor perceptions of subjects' self‐esteem related significantly to peer and supervisor performance ratings, whereas self and family/friends perceptions did not. There was limited support for the acquaintanceship effect (greater agreement across sources when familiarity is greater), while context affected agreement (same context sources had greater agreement). Practical implications – The study highlights the importance of looking at an e.
Practice for a Paradigm Shift

Consistent with the paradigm shift advocated by the articles in this issue, this article introduces a client conceptualization model for vocational and avocational choice, entry, and adjustment that can be used to structure an integrative, contextual course in counseling psychology. An overview of the use of models in vocational psychology is presented, as well as a detailed description and visual representation of the present Model. Suggestions are made for integrative and traditional pedagogy, and resource materials are cited. Evaluative data indicate that earlier versions of the Model have been well received by students and others with whom it has been used. These data are discussed, and suggestions for researching the utility of the Model are made.
Regulating the Balance of Th17/Treg via Electroacupuncture and Moxibustion: An Ulcerative Colitis Mice Model Based Study

Aim To investigate the relationship between the effects of electroacupuncture/moxibustion and the balance of Th17/Treg in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) and to preliminary compare the effects of the above two methods. Methods DSS-induced UC mice were treated by electroacupuncture and moxibustion. Disease activity index (DAI) was scored; intestinal pathological structure and ultrastructure were observed. The levels of IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17A, IL-17F, and TGF-β in plasma were measured by ELISA. The percentages of Treg and Th17 in spleen lymphocytes were analyzed by flow cytometry. Also, the expressions of TLR2, TLR4, RORγt, and FOXP3 in the distal colon were detected by immunohistochemistry or western blot. Results Both electroacupuncture and moxibustion can relieve UC. These effects are further supported by ELISA results. In addition, the ratio of Treg and Th17 in spleen lymphocytes and the expression of TLR2 and TLR4 are significantly improved. Also, the expression of RORγt and FOXP3 in distal colon were improved. Besides, the effect of moxibustion is better than that of electroacupuncture on TLR2, TLR4, and FOXP3 expression (P < 0.05). Conclusion Both electroacupuncture and moxibustion may ameliorate UC by regulating the balance of Th17/Treg. Whether moxibustion has better efficacy than electroacupuncture needs further study.
The Power of “Can Do” statements: Teachers’ Perceptions of CEFR-informed Instruction in French as a Second Language Classrooms in Ontario

This article reports on French as a second language (FSL) teachers’ perceptions of using the Common European Framework of Reference (CEFR)-informed instruction (action-oriented instruction focusing on language use) in FSL classrooms in Ontario. In particular, this paper focuses on teachers’ perspectives of the strengths and challenges of providing CEFR-informed practice in FSL classrooms. FSL teachers (n=93) as well as elementary and secondary school students (n=943) participated in this province-wide study. Participating teachers were introduced to the CEFR and CEFR-informed activities and resources. Teachers then used the resources in their classrooms for approximately three months. At the end of this period, teachers participated in interviews and focus group sessions which focused on their perceptions’ of CEFR’s action-oriented approach. Teachers reported that CEFR-informed instruction increased student motivation, built self-confidence in their learners, promoted authentic language use in the classroom and encouraged learner autonomy. These findings have implications for FSL programs in Canada and possibly other second language education programs worldwide. Resume Cet article presente les resultats d’une recherche sur les perceptions des enseignant(e)s de FLS (Francais Langue Seconde) en Ontario quant a l’utilisation du CECR (Cadre Europeen Commun de Reference) dans leurs salles de classe (une approche actionnelle de l’enseignement des langues qui met l’emphase sur l’utilisation meme de la langue). Cet article vise principalement a decrire les perspectives des enseignant(e)s quant a la promotion de l’autonomie d’apprentissage tout en utilisant des pratiques proposees par le CECR. Cette etude a ete menee dans la province de l’Ontario avec 93 enseignant(e)s de FLS et 943 eleves d’ecoles elementaires et secondaires. Les professeur(e)s ont ete tout d’abord introduit(e)s au Cadre et a des activites et des ressources qui developpent l’autonomie chez l’apprenant. Ils (elles) ont ensuite utilise ces ressources en cours pendant plus ou moins trois mois et a terme, ils (elles) ont exprime leurs perceptions sur l’utilisation de l’approche actionnelle du CECR lors d’entretiens diriges et de discussions en groupes. La plupart de ces enseignant(e)s ont clairement exprime que cette approche a eleve la motivation d’apprentissage de leurs eleves, qu’elle a developpe la confiance en eux-memes, qu’elle a encourage l’utilisation de la langue cible et qu’elle a favorise l’autonomie d’apprentissage. Ces resultats ont des consequences importantes pour les programmes de FLS au Canada et en general, pour l’enseignement des langues au niveau international.
The Other Side of the Equation: Professional Development and the Organizational Capacity of Teacher Unions

This article describes three different types of professional development provided by teachers organizations in the United States and Canada. Drawing from 10 years of conceptual and empirical research on teacher union reform activities, on teachers' perceptions of unions, and on teachers' union involvement, it identifies strategies for improving the fit between professional development and teachers occupational needs. The article emphasizes sociological and organizational factors germane to teachers organizations themselves: their role in teacher socialization, the demographics of teacher organization participation, and internal structural features. It suggests that teachers organizations should look within at a variety of organizational issues and consider a variety of organizational strategies simultaneously.
The Importance of Importance: Self-Descriptors in Dysphoria

This study examined the relationship between importance ratings of positive and negative personal attributes and depressed mood. Undergraduate psychology students (n = 115) completed the Beck Depression Inventory-II and made self-referential ratings on several adjectives. Participants subsequently indicated how important it was for them to possess or fail to exhibit each of these traits. The results demonstrated that the perceived lack of important positive traits was related to increased depressed mood whereas not exhibiting important negative traits was associated with less depressed mood. Moreover, depressed mood was related to the degree to which respondents were certain about their endorsement of the traits. The implications of these results are discussed.
Peer Assisted Learning in the Acquisition of Musical Composition Skills

The purpose of the study was to discover the effects of using peer assisted learning in acquiring skills in music composition. The ten criteria used for assessing the effects of peer assisted learning comprised six concerning social qualities and four relating to cognitive aspects of what might be learned from working and learning together. The research used both qualitative and quantitative methods, encompassing interviews with the teacher, questionnaires for the students and observation. The latter included a quantitative element. The research took place in the natural settings of timetabled music lessons in Year Seven at an English comprehensive secondary school. This peer assisted learning research is believed to be the only such project conducted entirely in the unadulterated classroom settings. The lessons followed the teacher’s choice of lesson material and the length of time normally allowed for lessons in that school. No changes in classroom organisation, timing, or for any other reason were requested by, or made for, the researcher. Each class was divided into groups whose size, ability and gender were determined by the teacher. From these groups, the teacher selected the three which were the focus of this research. All three of the sample groups showed some evidence of the beneficial effects of peer assisted learning socially and cognitively although this varied according to the children’s different ability levels. Peer assisted learning was found to be most successful where children were able to work together cohesively and communicate well, either verbally or musically. Most children either acquired new musical skills or enhanced those they already possessed through the use of peer assisted learning.
Incredible India in a global age: The cultural politics of image branding in tourism

In 2002, the Incredible India campaign was launched on the world stage by the Government of India, Ministry of Tourism and Culture. This multimedia campaign that positions India as a premium tourist destination has since gone on to receive wide accolades in the global tourism industry through its creative and visceral images encapsulated by the iconic brand logo. In this article, I explore the formulation of the Incredible India campaign and analyze a set of images and events linked to its production and dissemination within the last eight years. Through my analysis of the evolving campaign, I argue that these images convey an important aspirational dimension that speaks to a more compelling vision of the nation and its place in the world at this historical moment. I argue that tourism campaigns, like Incredible India, are not only economic tools designed to augment tourist revenues, but they also provide a privileged platform for advancing geopolitical interests through affective and symbolic means.
Infection Risk Reduction in the Intensive Care Nursery: A Review of Patient Care Practices That Impact the Infection Risk in Global Care of the Hospitalized Neonates

Neonates are at high risk for developing an infection during their hospital stay in the neonatal intensive care unit. Increased risk occurs because of immaturity of the neonate's immune system, lower gestational age, severity of illness, surgical procedures, and instrumentation with life support devices such as vascular catheters. Neonates become colonized with bacteria prior to or at delivery and also during their hospital stay. They can then become infected with those bacteria if there is a breakdown in the primary defenses such as tissue injury due to skin breakdown, nasal erosion, or trauma to the respiratory tract. Neonates are also at high risk for bacterial translocation due to the altered permeability of the intestinal mucosa, loss of commensal flora, and bacterial overgrowth. The unit-based neonatal care team must implement global care delivery and safety practices, utilize published care guidelines, know and apply evidence-based practices from collaborative quality improvement efforts and other sources, and use auditing and monitoring practices that can identify risks and lead to better practice options to prevent infections. This article presents several aspects of global neonatal care delivery, including vascular access, which may reduce the risk of systemic infection during the hospitalization.
Influence of time on user profiling and recommending researchers in social media

We conduct two experiments to compare different scoring functions for extracted user interests and measure the influence of using older data. We apply our experiments in the domains of computer science and medicine. The first experiment assesses similarity scores between a user's social media profile and a corresponding user's publication profile, in order to evaluate to which extend a user's social media profile reflects his or her professional interests. The second experiment recommends related researchers profiled by their publications based on a user's social media profile. The result revealed that while the functions using spreading activation produce large similarity scores between a user profile and publication profile, the scoring functions with statistical methods (e.g., an extension of BM25 with spreading activation) perform best for recommendation. In terms of the temporal influence, the older data have almost no influence on the performance in the medicine dataset. However, in the computer science dataset, while there is a positive influence in the first experiment, the second experiment demonstrated a negative influence when adding too old data.
The Measurement of Independent and Interdependent Self-Construals

Following concepts introduced by Markus and Kitayama, this study describes the theoretical and empirical development of a scale to measure the strength of an individual's interdependent and independent self-construals. These two images of self are conceptualized as reflecting the emphasis on connectedness and relations often found in non-Western cultures (interdependent) and the separateness and uniqueness of the individual (independent) stressed in the West. It is argued that these two images of self can and do coexist in individuals and that they can be measured. A 24-item Self-Construal Scale measuring two dimensions of self-image is presented. The two distinct dimensions of the scale were supported in confirmatory factor analyses of two multiethnic samples of college students. The scale was found to have satisfactory reliability and validity. Its implications and potential applications are discussed.
An evaluation of the suitability of COI and COII gene variation for reconstructing the phylogeny of, and identifying cryptic species in, anopheline mosquitoes (Diptera Culicidae)

Abstract We assessed the practicality and effectiveness of using variation in the mitochondrial COI and COII genes to discriminate species and reconstruct the phylogeny of anophelene mosquitoes. Phylogenetic relationships among the subfamily Anophelinae were inferred from portions of the mitochondrial COI (92 species) and COII genes (108 species). Phylogenetic trees were reconstructed on the basis of parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. The suitability of COI and COII gene variation for identifying cryptic species was compared by comparing the sequence divergence within species groups and complexes. The results show that the COI gene was more useful for identifying sibling and cryptic species, but that phylogenetic relationships reconstructed using the COII gene were more similar to those based on morphological data. We conclude that: (1) there is a significant molecular divergence among An. sinensis; (2) the COI and COII are valid genetic markers for resolving taxonomic relationships among anopheline mosquitoes and the resultant phylogeny raises some questions about the taxonomic status of anopheline species groups and complexes; (3) the genus Anopheles is not demonstrably monophyletic with regard to the genus Bironella; (4) the subgenera Kerteszia and Nyssorhynchus are monophyletic; (5) below the group-level, COI data support the existence of monophyletic taxa within the Anopheles funestus, Anopheles maculipennis and Anopheles strode and Anopheles barbirostris subgroups, and within the Anopheles nuneztovari complex, whereas COII data support the monophyletic taxa within the Anopheles minimus and Anopheles oswaldoi subgroups, and Anopheles hyrcanus group. The monophyletic taxa within the Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles albitarsis complexes are supported by both COI and COII data.
Perspective-driven text comprehension

SUMMARY The present article reports results of an eye-tracking experiment, which examines whether the perspective-driven text comprehension framework applies to comprehension of narrative text. Sixty-four participants were instructed to adopt either a burglar’s or an interior designer’s perspective. A pilot test showed that readers have more overlapping prior knowledge with the burglar-relevant than with the interior designer-relevant information of the experimental text. Participants read either a transparent text version where the (ir)relevance of text segments to the perspective was made apparent, or an opaque text version where no direct mention of the perspective was made. After reading participants wrote a free recall of the text. The results showed that perspective-related prior knowledge modulates the perspective effects observed in on-line text processing and that signalling of (ir)relevance helps in encoding relevant information to memory. It is concluded that the proposed framework generalizes to the on-line comprehension of narrative texts. Copyright # 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Readers often have a specific viewpoint or perspective in mind when reading. For example, you may read a historical novel from the viewpoint of a civil rights advocate or a biography of Marilyn Monroe imagining what it would have been like to be her. The present study examined the influence of a reading perspective on on-line processing and memory of narrative texts. More specifically, the present study examined whether prototypical prior knowledge related to the reading perspective and the transparency of relevance of the text information influences reading and memory of a narrative. Next, we will briefly review the previous research on perspective effects on the text comprehension. We then present a framework of perspective-driven text comprehension, which aims at describing the interplay between knowledge, attention and memory during goal-directed reading. We will then describe the present study.
Distributed hypothesis testing over noisy channels

A distributed binary hypothesis testing problem, in which multiple observers transmit their observations to a detector over noisy channels, is studied. Together with its own observations, the goal of the detector is to decide between two hypotheses for the joint distribution of the data. Single-letter upper and lower bounds on the optimal type 2 error exponent (T2-EE), when the type 1 error probability vanishes with the block-length are obtained. These bounds coincide and characterize the optimal T2-EE when only a single helper is involved. Our result shows that the optimal T2-EE depends on the marginal distributions of the data and the channels rather than their joint distribution. However, an operational separation between HT and channel coding does not hold, and the optimal T2-EE is achieved by generating channel inputs correlated with observed data.
Bounded cohomology of subgroups of mapping class groups (Hyperbolic Spaces and Discrete Groups)

We show that every subgroup of the mapping class group MCG(S )o f ac ompact surface S is either virtually abelian or it has innite dimensional second bounded cohomology. As an application, we give another proof of the Farb{ Kaimanovich{Masur rigidity theorem that states that MCG(S )d oes not contain a higher rank lattice as a subgroup.
On Enhanced Alternatives for the Hodrick-Prescott Filter

The trend estimation for macroeconomic time series is crucial due to many different model specifications. One of the standard methods for detrending macroeconomic time series in the business cycle literature is the Hodrick-Prescott (HP) filter. In order to address difficulties of the HP filter, especially the choice of the smoothing parameter λ and the boundary problem, we argue that a data-driven local linear trend estimation could be a preferred method. Unlike the HP filter, using exogenously chosen and frequency-dependent smoothing parameters, we suggest a local linear trend estimation which determines the bandwidth endogenously, corrects automatically at boundary points and allows for short-range dependence. For this endogenous bandwidth selection, a data-driven iterative plug-in (IPI) algorithm is used. A comparison between the HP filter and the local linear trend estimation demonstrates similar trend results if λ for the HP filter is chosen appropriately. However, no exogenous choice is needed within the data-driven local polynomial estimation approach where the optimal bandwidth is estimated by minimizing the asymptotic mean integrated squared error. Further, with the endogenously determined bandwidth we can determine the length of the local linear trend, which we regard as continuously Moving Trend (MT), lasting 16 years for the quarterly US GDP data from 1947.1 to 2016.1. Moreover, a linear moving trend estimation method perfectly corresponds to log-linear growth processes often considered in growth theories. JEL Classification: C14, C22, E32
Acute exercise and postexercise blood pressure in African American women.

BACKGROUND Limited data suggest that physical activity increases postexercise blood pressure in African-American women. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the postexercise blood pressure response to acute exercise in normotensive young adult African-American women. METHODS Eight healthy women (age 22.5+/-.9 years) performed a cycle ergometer bout of 30 minutes at 60% of peak ventilatory oxygen uptake (VO2 peak). Control arterial blood pressure, heart rate, lower leg blood flow, cardiac output, spectral analysis of blood pressure, heart rate variability, and baroreceptor sensitivity were measured for 5 minutes before exercise and were compared to postexercise measurements performed at rest intervals of 15-20, 35-40 and 55-60 minutes after exercise. RESULTS Exercise performed at 60% VO2 peak produced an arterial pressure of 172+/-10/ 70.1+/-4.0 mm Hg. Postexercise recovery values were not significantly different than the baseline control values. CONCLUSION These results do not support the hypothesis that acute physical activity exerts an adverse effect on postexercise blood pressure in African American women.
Angry and Afraid: Women's Appraisal of Sexual Harassment During Litigation

The purpose of this study was to examine primary appraisal of sexual harassment, that is, a victim's cognitive evaluation of the harassment and the factors that influence this appraisal. The perspectives of 72 female plaintiffs were investigated by measuring their primary appraisal of the event, examining the structure of this appraisal, and assessing the influence of stimulus and individual factors on appraisal. Cluster analysis revealed four distinct emotion clusters: demoralization, anxious arousal, fear, and self-blame. Significant correlations suggest that these four appraisal clusters are differentially related to certain stimulus (e.g., intensity) and individual (e.g., self-esteem, previous victimization, feminist attitudes, and attributions) factors. Theoretical and practical implications for the role of primary appraisal are discussed.