Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
DISCOVERY OF AN OUTFLOW FROM RADIO OBSERVATIONS OF THE TIDAL DISRUPTION EVENT ASASSN-14li

We report the discovery of transient radio emission from the nearby optically discovered tidal disruption event (TDE) ASASSN-14li (distance of 90 Mpc), making it the first typical TDE detected in the radio, and unambiguously pointing to the formation of a non-relativistic outflow with a kinetic energy of ≈(4–10) × 1047 erg, a velocity of ≈12,000–36,000 km s−1, and a mass of ≈3 × 10−5–7 × 10−4 M⊙. We show that the outflow was ejected on 2014 August 11–25, in agreement with an independent estimate of the timing of super-Eddington accretion based on the optical, ultraviolet, and X-ray observations, and that the ejected mass corresponds to about 1%–10% of the mass accreted in the super-Eddington phase. The temporal evolution of the radio emission also uncovers the circumnuclear density profile, &rgr; ( R ) ∝ R − 2.5 ? > on a scale of about 0.01 pc, a scale that cannot be probed via direct measurements even in the nearest supermassive black holes. Our discovery of radio emission from the nearest well-studied TDE to date, with a radio luminosity lower than all previous limits, indicates that non-relativistic outflows are ubiquitous in TDEs, and that future, more sensitive, radio surveys will uncover similar events.
Cognitive performance in depression: patterns and determinants

Cognitive deficits are common in major depressive disorder, but their nature is unclear. The effort hypothesis states that performance on effortful tasks is disproportionately impaired compared with the performance on automatic tasks. The cognitive speed hypothesis states that depression is characterised by cognitive slowness, which is a source of cognitive dysfunctioning. The present study investigated both theories in unmedicated adult depressive patients. It was also investigated whether the cognitive deficits can be attributed to more general physical illnessrelated factors or specifically to depressive disorder. Thirty non-psychotic depressive outpatients were compared with 38 healthy control subjects and 25 patients with severe allergic rhinitis. The effects of group on more automatic and more effortful aspects of cognitive tasks measuring cognitive speed (Concept Shifting Task, Stroop Colour Word Test, Memory Scanning Test) and memory retrieval (Visual Verbal Learning Task, Verbal Fluency) were evaluated by regression analysis and ANOVA for repeated measures. Age, sex, education, and premorbid intelligence were treated as covariates. The depressive group had cognitive deficits in speed of processing (B=-2.69, p=0.012), interference (B=-4.30, p=0.042), memory scanning (B=-2.29, p=0.019), and working memory (B=0.49, p=0.010). Performance on more effortful tasks was not disproportionately impaired compared with that on more automatic tasks. The effort hypothesis does not apply to young to middle-aged unmedicated outpatients with depressive disorder. The results are more consistent with the cognitive speed hypothesis. Cognitive functioning in depressive disorder seems characterised by a reduced speed of information processing. * H.M. den Hartog, M.M.A. Derix, A.L. van Bemmel, B. Kremer & J. Jolles: submitted.
Eye movement-invariant representations in the human visual system

During natural vision, humans make frequent eye movements but perceive a stable visual world. It is therefore likely that the human visual system contains representations of the visual world that are invariant to eye movements. Here we present an experiment designed to identify visual areas that might contain eye-movement-invariant representations. We used functional MRI to record brain activity from four human subjects who watched natural movies. In one condition subjects were required to fixate steadily, and in the other they were allowed to freely make voluntary eye movements. The movies used in each condition were identical. We reasoned that the brain activity recorded in a visual area that is invariant to eye movement should be similar under fixation and free viewing conditions. In contrast, activity in a visual area that is sensitive to eye movement should differ between fixation and free viewing. We therefore measured the similarity of brain activity across repeated presentations of the same movie within the fixation condition, and separately between the fixation and free viewing conditions. The ratio of these measures was used to determine which brain areas are most likely to contain eye movement-invariant representations. We found that voxels located in early visual areas are strongly affected by eye movements, while voxels in ventral temporal areas are only weakly affected by eye movements. These results suggest that the ventral temporal visual areas contain a stable representation of the visual world that is invariant to eye movements made during natural vision.
Impact of hypertonic saline on postoperative complications for patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal surgery

Abstract The aim of this study was to explore the impact of 3% hypertonic saline (HS) intragastric administration for patients who underwent upper gastrointestinal surgery. During the postoperative period, 3% HS has been suggested as a means to improve the intestinal edema and reduce gastrointestinal complications. The medical records of 111 patients with HS intragastric administration following upper gastrointestinal surgery and 268 patients, served as control, were reviewed retrospectively. Propensity score matching was performed to adjust for selected baseline variables. Clinical outcomes, including early gastrointestinal function recovery, postoperative complications, and length of hospital stay, were compared according to the HS intragastric administration or not. HS intragastric administration was associated with prompt postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery, including first flatus (risk ratio [RR], 1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.89–1.65; P = 0.048) and feeding within 3 postoperative days (RR (95% CI), 0.57 (0.49–0.77); P = 0.036). Early ileus occurred in 25 of 108 patients with HS treatment versus 36 of 108 patients without HS treatment (RR (95% CI), 1.43 (0.63–2.15); P = 0.065). The patients with HS experienced a lower overall postoperative complication (odds ratio [OD] 0.57; 95% CI, 0.33–1.09; P = 0.063), including trend toward a decrease for infectious complications (15[13.9] vs 23[21.3]; P = 0.11; OD, 0.59; 95% CI, 0.29–1.22). There was a decreased incidence of anastomotic leakage (1[0.9] vs 7[6.5]; P = 0.033) and postoperative ileuas (5[4.6%] vs 11[10.2%]; P = 0.096) in the HS administration patients. Our study demonstrated beneficial postoperative clinical effects of HS intragastric administration in patients who had undergone upper gastrointestinal surgery, such as prompt postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery and reduced overall postoperative complications, which may be attributed to a reduced intestinal edema.
Effective Partial Evaluation : Principles and Applications

This collection of published papers provides a comprehensive presentatio n of the principles, techniques, and applications of program specializationthat the Compose group has been studying in the past 3 years. The topic of program specialization has been the common theme of our work. It is one of the facets of program adaptation[5]. Although program specialization had been actively studied since the se venti s, a number of open problems remained to enable it to scale up to real-size applicat ions. The only evidence regarding its effectiveness had been demonstrated by successful applications o f manual program specialization such as the Synthesis operating system.
Dynamic lightpath establishment in wavelength-routed WDM networks

In wavelength-routed WDM networks, a control mechanism is required to set up and take down all-optical connections. Upon the arrival of a connection request, this mechanism must be able to select a route, assign a wavelength to the connection, and configure the appropriate optical switches in the network. The mechanism must also be able to provide updates to reflect which wavelengths are currently being used on each link so that nodes may make informed routing decisions. In this work, we review control mechanisms proposed in the literature. We also investigate and compare two different distributed control mechanisms for establishing all-optical connections in a wavelength-routed WDM network: an approach based on link-state routing, and one based on distance-vector routing.
Breast Carcinoma Cells in Primary Tumors and Effusions Have Different Gene Array Profiles

The detection of breast carcinoma cells in effusions is associated with rapidly fatal outcome, but these cells are poorly characterized at the molecular level. This study compared the gene array signatures of breast carcinoma cells in primary carcinomas and effusions. The genetic signature of 10 primary tumors and 10 effusions was analyzed using the Array-Ready Oligo set for the Human Genome platform. Results for selected genes were validated using PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry. Array analysis identified 255 significantly downregulated and 96 upregulated genes in the effusion samples. The majority of differentially expressed genes were part of pathways involved in focal adhesion, extracellular matrix-cell interaction, and the regulation of the actin cytoskeleton. Genes that were upregulated in effusions included KRT8, BCAR1, CLDN4, VIL2, while DCN, CLDN19, ITGA7, and ITGA5 were downregulated at this anatomic site. PCR, Western blotting, and immunohistochemistry confirmed the array findings for BCAR1, CLDN4, VIL2, and DCN. Our data show that breast carcinoma cells in primary carcinomas and effusions have different gene expression signatures, and differentially express a large number of molecules related to adhesion, motility, and metastasis. These differences may have a critical role in designing therapy and in prognostication for patients with metastatic disease localized to the serosal cavities.
Anatomy of HH 111 from CO Observations: A Bow-Shock-driven Molecular Outflow

We present single-dish and interferometric millimeter line observations of the HH 111 outflow and its driving source. The physical conditions of the core have been determined from the emission of the millimeter line of CO and its isotopomers and CS with the IRAM 30 m telescope, and the CO J = 7 → 6 line with the Caltech Submillimeter Observatory. The emission reveals a small condensation of cold (T = 20-25 K) and dense gas [n(H2) = 3 × 105 cm-3]. The outflow has been mapped with the IRAM Plateau de Bure interferometer (PdBI). The cold gas is distributed in a hollow cylinder surrounding the optical jet. The formation of this cavity and its kinematics are well accounted for in the frame of outflow gas entrainment by jet bow shocks. Evidence of gas acceleration is found along the cavity walls, correlated with the presence of optical bow shocks. The separation of the inner walls reaches 8''-10'', which matches the transverse size of the wings in the bow shock. CSO observations of the J = 7 → 6 line show evidence of a high-velocity and hot gas component (T = 300-1000 K) with a low filling factor. This emission probably arises from shocked gas in the jet. Observations of the 3P2-3P1 [C I] line are consistent with C-type nondissociative shocks. Mapping of the high-velocity molecular bullets B1-B3, located beyond the optical jet, reveals small structures of 3′′ × 7′′ flattened perpendicular to the flow direction. They are made of cold (T ~ 30 K), moderate density gas [n(H2) = (0.5-1.0) × 104 cm-3], expanding into the low-density surrounding medium. Their properties are consistent with their being shocked gas knots resulting from past time-variable ejections in the jet.
The bar-enhanced star-formation activities in spiral galaxies

We use the ratio L(FIR)/L(B) and the IRAS color index S-25/S-12 (both widely used as indices of relative star formation rates in galaxies) to analyse subsets (containing no known AGNs or merging/interacting galaxies) of: (a) the IRAS Bright Galaxy Sample, (b) galaxies from the optically complete RSA sample which have IRAS detections in all four bands, and (c) a volume-limited IR-unselected sample. We confirm that IR-bright barred (SB) galaxies do, on average, have very significantly higher values of the FIR-optical and S-25/S-12 ratios (and presumably, higher relative star formation rates, SFR) than that do unbarred ones; the effect is most obvious in the IR colors. We also confirm that these differences are confined to early-type (SO/a - Sbc) spirals and are not evident among late-type systems (Sc - Sdm). Unlike others, we see no enhancement of the SFR in weakly-barred (SAB) galaxies. We further confirm that the effect of bars on the SFR is associated with the relative IR luminosity and show that it is detectable only in galaxies with L(FIR)/L(B) greater than or similar to 1/3, suggesting that as soon as they have any effect, bars translate their host galaxies into this relatively IR-luminous group. Conversely, for galaxies with L(FIR)/L(B) below similar to 0.1 this luminosity ratio is lower among barred than unbarred systems, again confirming and quantifying an earlier result. Although there is no simple physical relation between Hr content and star formation, a strong correlation of H I content with the presence of bars has been found for early-type spirals with L(FIR)/L(B) greater than or similar to 1/3 This suggests that the availability of fuel is the factor determining just which galaxies undergo bar-induced starbursts.
A Study onthe Cause of Long-Range Dependence Observed in Empirical TCP Traffic Traces

Several recent studies on a wide variety of networks have empirically observed that aggregate packet ows exhibit long-range dependence, i.e., the correlation between neighboring exclusive blocks of data does not asymptotically vanish when the block size is increased. Thus, actual network tra c is bursty over a broad range of time scales, in sharp contrast to conventional Markovian-type tra c models. Conventional models show tra c burstiness at only short time scales while tra c is smooth at large time scales. Additional studies have demonstrated that long-range dependence in trafc can have serious e ects on network performance, but none of the previous work gives a complete answer of what is causing long-range dependence in network tra c. Since the majority of empirical studies were performed with TCP tra c, the initial hypothesis was that the dynamics of TCP, such as ow and congestion control algorithms, are the primary factor contributing to long-range dependence (LRD) in TCP tra c. Preliminary simulation results supported our assumption. However, futher investigation and further results from a large number of simulations contradict our assumption; the dynamics of TCP are not the main cause of the LRD observed in TCP tra c. Our results show that the presence of long-range dependence in network tra c does not necessarily depend on whether or not a reliable and owand congestion-controlled protocol is employed at the transport layer. Further, the results of this study show that in a client/server network environment, if tra c exhibits long-range dependence, then the distribution of message sizes is not necessary heavy-tailed.
An Arabizi-English social media statistical machine translation system

We present a machine translation engine that can translate romanized Arabic, often known as Arabizi, into English. With such a system we can, for the first time, translate the massive amounts of Arabizi that are generated every day in the social media sphere but until now have been uninterpretable by automated means. We accomplish our task by leveraging a machine translation system trained on non-Arabizi social media data and a weighted finite-state transducer-based Arabizi-to-Arabic conversion module, equipped with an Arabic character-based n-gram language model. The resulting system allows high capacity on-the-fly translation from Arabizi to English. We demonstrate via several experiments that our performance is quite close to the theoretical maximum attained by perfect deromanization of Arabizi input. This constitutes the first presentation of a high capacity end-to-end social media Arabizi-to-English translation system.
High PD-L1 expression was associated with poor prognosis in 870 Chinese patients with breast cancer

Background To investigate the role of PD-L1 expression in tumor recurrence and metastasis in Chinese patients with breast cancer. Methods Suitable tissue samples were available from 870 patients with breast cancer. Paraffin-embedded tumor sections were stained with PD-L1 antibody. The correlations between PD-L1 expression and clinical characteristics, ER/PR/HER2 status and survival parameters were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier and univariate Cox proportional hazards model analyses were used to compare the survival of patients with high PD-L1 expression and patients with no PD-L1 expression. Results The median follow-up time was 98 months(range, 17–265 months). The positive rate of PD-L1 expression in breast cancer was 21.7% (189/870). PD-L1 high expression was inversely associated with larger tumor size, higher tumor grade, more positive lymph node number, as well as negative ER and PR status. PD-L1 expression was particularly higher in TNBC compared with non-TNBC, although no statistical significance was observed. Nomogram logistic regression results based on clinical and pathological features showed that the following factors were more likely associated with high PD-L1 expression: patient age younger than 35 years, larger tumor size, lymphovascular invasion and advanced stage. Our data indicated that patients with high PD-L1 expression had poor DFS, DMFS and overall survival compared with those with no PD-L1 expression. Univariate Cox proportional hazards model analysis showed that PD-L1 was an independent prognostic factor for tumor prognosis. Conclusions PD-L1 expression is an important indicator of unfavorable prognosis in breast cancer patients.
High Technology ETF Forecasting: Application of Grey Relational Analysis and Artificial Neural Networks

This study employs the grey relational analysis model and provides robust identification of the S&P 500 stock index as having the greatest influence on exchange-traded funds (ETFs). The subsequent influencing factors are the volatility index (VIX), commodity research bureau (CRB) index, Brent crude oil index, put-call ratio, and trade index (TRIN). Our results show that the back propagation network model outperforms the recurrent neural network model in predicting both high technology and non-high technology ETFs. The low grey relational grade (GRG) variables (i.e., put-call ratio, TRIN and crude oil index) have greater influence than the group of high GRG variables (i.e., S&P 500 stock index, VIX, and CRB index) and the group of all variables in high technology ETFs, while on non-high technology ETFs, the all variables group showed stronger influence.
Protein kinase C-related kinase 1 and 2 play an essential role in thromboxane-mediated neoplastic responses in prostate cancer

The prostanoid thromboxane (TX) A2 is increasingly implicated in neoplastic progression, including prostate cancer (PCa). Mechanistically, we recently identified protein kinase C-related kinase (PRK) 1 as a functional interactant of both the TPα and TPβ isoforms of the human T prostanoid receptor (TP). The interaction with PRK1 was not only essential for TPα/TPβ-induced PCa cell migration but also enabled the TXA2-TP axis to induce phosphorylation of histone H3 at Thr11 (H3Thr11), an epigenetic marker both essential for and previously exclusively associated with androgen-induced chromatin remodelling and transcriptional activation. PRK1 is a member of a subfamily of three structurally related kinases comprising PRK1/PKNα, PRK2/PKNγ and PRK3/PKNβ that are widely yet differentially implicated in various cancers. Hence, focusing on the setting of prostate cancer, this study investigated whether TPα and/or TPβ might also complex with PRK2 and PRK3 to regulate their activity and neoplastic responses. While TPα and TPβ were found in immune complexes with PRK1, PRK2 and PRK3 to regulate their activation and signalling, they do so differentially and in a TP agonist-regulated manner dependent on the T-loop activation status of the PRKs but independent of their kinase activity. Furthermore, TXA2-mediated neoplastic responses in prostate adenocarcinoma PC-3 cells, including histone H3Thr11 phosphorylation, was found to occur through a PRK1- and PRK2-, but not PRK3-, dependent mechanism. Collectively, these data suggest that TXA2 acts as both a neoplastic and epigenetic regulator and provides a mechanistic explanation, at least in part, for the prophylactic benefits of Aspirin in reducing the risk of certain cancers.
The design and implementation of activity-based costing: A case study of a Taiwanese textile company

Purpose - This paper describes the design and implementation of an activity-based costing (ABC) system for a textile company in Taiwan. Design/methodology/approach - An in-depth field investigation by collecting and analyzing 39 months of field data, gathering information from files and archives, direct observation, interviews, and statistical analyses was conducted. Findings - First, the company's existing cost system adopted a volume-based cost driver to allocate overhead costs to products. While the company devised an “equivalent factor” to take production-complexity into account, the weakness of the metric led to product cost distortions. Second, the existing volume-based cost system ignores the impact of rework processes on product costs. Third, adding complexity-related cost drivers to the volume-based cost driver increases the ability to explain variations in overhead costs. Fourth, the newly designed ABC system incorporates both volume-based and non-volume based drivers, which considers the effect of rework on product costs. Fifth, the existing volume-based cost system overestimates the costs of high-volume products and underestimates the costs of products with high production-complexity. Finally, the company still stays at the analysis phase of the ABC system implementation, possibly due to revision of strategy, no linkage to incentives, lack of MIS support, and inadequate inventory control. Practical implications - The above findings have implications for companies attempting to implement ABC. Originality/value - This paper extends prior research in the following. First, it reports on the entire process of ABC implementation for a given company, as well as facilitators/impediments in the process. Second, while most prior research tends to focus on success cases, our study presents a failure case, which has implications for practitioners trying to avoid the same mistakes.
Errors-In-Variables and Estimated Income and Price Elasticities of Charitable Giving

Researchers often rely on self-reported tax data to gauge the effect of taxes on economic activity. These data, however, are subject to measurement errors in the presence of tax evasion. We find evidence that estimated income and tax price elasticities are biased due to errors-in-variables in self-reported tax data. We propose a method to diagnose whether the estimates are subject to measurement error bias and describe a methodology employing Two-Stage Least Squares to obtain consistent estimates.