Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
Theory of mind, insecure attachment and paranoia in adolescents with early psychosis and healthy controls

Objective: Impaired Theory of Mind (ToM) is found in adults with schizophrenia and is associated with paranoid symptoms. Insecure attachment is proposed to underlie impaired ToM as well as paranoia. Insight into associations between insecure attachment and impaired ToM skills may help clinicians and patients to understand interpersonal difficulties and use this knowledge to improve recovery. This study used a visual perspective-taking task to investigate whether cognitive ToM is already impaired in adolescents with early psychosis as compared to controls. Also investigated was whether perspective-taking and paranoia are associated with insecure (adult) attachment. Methods: Thirty-two adolescent patients with early psychosis and 78 healthy controls participated in this cross-sectional study design and completed the level 1 perspective-taking task, psychopathology assessments (CAPE, PANSS), paranoid thoughts (GPTS), attachment style (PAM) and the WASI vocabulary. Results: Patients did not significantly differ in level-1 perspective-taking behaviour compared to healthy controls. No significant associations were found between perspective-taking, paranoia and attachment. Insecure attachment was significantly related to paranoid thoughts, after controlling for illness-related symptoms. Conclusion: No impairment of level-1 perspective-taking was found in adolescent patients with early psychosis compared to healthy controls. Results indicate that level-1 perspective-taking is not impaired during the early stages of psychotic illness. The association between paranoia and attachment support previous findings and provide further insight into the nature of psychotic symptoms. Understanding the role of attachment in paranoia may help patients and their care workers to gain insight into the reasons for the development or persistence of symptoms. Future research should compare early psychosis samples with more chronic samples to explore whether perspective-taking deteriorates during the course of the illness.
Estimating New Keynesian import price models

We estimate a range of New Keynesian import price models for Norway and the UK. Contrary to standard pass-through regression analysis, this approach allows us to make a distinction between the parameters in theoretical price-setting rules and parameters in the expectations mechanisms. We find positive and significant effects of expected future import price growth for Norway. The estimates for the UK do not lend much support to the hypothesis that pricesetting rules are forward-looking. For both countries, the results favour a specification that incorporates both local- and producer currency pricing, but no effect of lagged import price growth. We find mixed evidence of pricing-to-market: only for the UK do the results suggest a role for domestic prices or costs in explaining import prices
HR practices and commitment to change: an employee‐level analysis

This article explores the relationship between HR practices and commitment to change in three health service organisations in Ireland. The research focuses on employee views of HR practices and resulting employee-level consequences including commitment to change, perceptions of the industrial relations climate and the psychological contract, and work–life balance. The findings indicate that the HR practices valued by employees, and which are related to a range of employee-related consequences, are very different from the lists of sophisticated HR practices that appear in the high performance literature. The research suggests that organisations need to ensure that attention is still paid to the basics of the employment relationship and that these are not lost in the rush to introduce more sophisticated approaches to managing employees.
The drunken self: the five-factor model as an organizational framework for characterizing perceptions of one's own drunkenness.

BACKGROUND Existing literature supports the use of the five-factor model (FFM) personality dimensions (i.e., Neuroticism, Extraversion, Agreeableness, Intellect, and Conscientiousness) as a comprehensive representation of mood, affect, and behavior. This study evaluated the use of the FFM as an organizational framework for understanding self-reported perceptions of drunkenness (i.e., mood, affect, and behavior associated with alcohol intoxication). METHODS Cross-sectional data were obtained through an online survey of college student drinkers (N = 988; 50% male, 85% white, mean age = 18.2) in an Introductory Psychology course at a large, mid-western university. Participants reported on their perceptions of their sober and drunk "personalities" by rating items from Goldberg's International Personality Item Pool. RESULTS Confirmatory factor analysis showed that sober and drunk personality structures fit the data equally well. On average, differences between perceived drunken and sober personality were pervasive; each of the 5 factors differed as a function of drunk versus sober state with perceived drunken personality associated with (in order of effect size) less conscientiousness, less intellect, less agreeableness, more extraversion, and less neuroticism. These general patterns varied by sex and drinking pattern. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the use of the FFM as a framework for organizing self-reported perceptions of global changes in "personality" that occur under intoxication.
The role of civil society organizations in low-carbon innovation in Kenya

There has been growing interest in understanding innovation in developing countries. This is in recognition of the fact that low- and middle-income economies typically have ‘developing’ innovation systems characterized by relatively weak institutions and fragmented actor constellations that restrain interactive learning. The current innovation systems literature tends to overestimate the role of governments as agents of resource allocation while underestimating the importance of civil society in improving basic institutions of the market economy. This literature tends to overlook the particularly important role of non-governmental actors, such as grassroots civil societies in grassroots innovation. This paper seeks to address two basic questions: How important is the role played by civil society organizations in low-carbon innovation systems? What are the specific roles and what challenges do they face in performing these roles? The paper analyses the role of civil society through the lens of low-carbon innovation. Empirical data were generated using both structured and semi-structured questionnaires targeting innovators in a low-carbon innovation country: Kenya. The paper shows that civil society plays a crucial role in low-carbon innovation in terms of learning and competence-building in Kenya. The study recommends major interventions in terms of a policy framework to recognize and institutionalize civil society as important players in innovation at the grassroots level.
CCR1 antagonists in clinical development

Chemokines (chemotactic cytokines) are a family of low-molecular-weight proteins that direct the cellular migration of leukocytes by binding to and activating the G protein-coupled receptors displayed on the leukocyte cell surface. The inadvertent or excessive generation of chemokines has been associated with the inflammatory component of several disease processes, and consequently, considerable efforts have been made to characterise chemokine/chemokine receptor interactions with the ultimate aim of therapeutic intervention. This review focuses on the biology of CC chemokine receptor 1, which together with its ligands is thought to recruit leukocytes during the progression of rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and organ transplant rejection. The developments made in antagonising this receptor and efficacies of these compounds in the clinical setting are also highlighted.
Hybrid soft error detection by means of infrastructure IP cores [SoC implementation]

High integration levels, coupled with the increased sensitivity to soft errors even at ground level, make the task of guaranteeing adequate dependability levels more difficult then ever. In this paper, we propose to adopt low-cost infrastructure-intellectual-property (I-IP) cores in conjunction with software-based techniques to perform soft error detection. Experimental results are reported that show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
Saving and Growth in Egypt

This study illustrates the mechanisms linking national saving and economic growth, with the purpose of understanding the possibilities and limits of a saving-based growth agenda in the context of the Egyptian economy. This is done through a simple theoretical model, calibrated to fit the Egyptian economy, and simulated to explore different potential scenarios. The main conclusion is that if the Egyptian economy does not experience progress in productivity — stemming from technological innovation, improved public management, and private-sector reforms — , then a high rate of economic growth is not feasible at current rates of national saving and would require a saving effort that is highly unrealistic. For instance, financing a constant 4% growth rate of GDP per capita with no TFP improvement would require a national saving rate of around 50% in the first decade and 80% in 25 years! However, if productivity rises, sustaining and improving high rates of economic growth becomes viable. Following the previous example, a 2% growth rate of TFP would allow a 4% growth rate of GDP per capita with national saving rate in the realistic range of 20—25% of GDP.
Measuring Travel Time Values with a Discrete Choice Model: A Note

In a recent article in this JOURNAL, Truong and Hensher (I985) set out to perform a useful service by relating the theory of time allocation to the framework of discrete choice models, thereby allowing practical estimation of the value of time on a sounder theoretical basis. Unfortunately, there are a small number of crucial misunderstandings in their work, which lead to confusion and, in particular, invalidate the conclusions they draw from their presented empirical work. This note aims to correct the errors of theory in Truong and Hensher's paper, and to draw some brief conclusions from the empirical evidence that they give, in the light of these corrections. Since most of what they say can stand, only the essential points are repeated here, and considerable reference will be made to the equations in their paper (indicated by TH before an equation no.). The authors begin by outlining the seminal work in time valuation of Becker (I965) and DeSerpa (I97I). Both theories rely on utility maximisation. Since DeSerpa's approach can be viewed as an extension of Becker's, we will set out its essentials, as given in the authors' paper. For the purpose of the problem in hand, we assume that individuals have direct utility functions which are dependent on G, the volume of goods and services they can buy, L, the amount of 'leisure' time they have, and T the amount of time they have to spend travelling. Travel can be by different modes i, involving different costs and travelling time. Since total money and time budgets are fixed, these travel costs and times impact on the amount of other goods and the amount of leisure time available. The problem can be set out as follows: Max u (Gi, Li, Ti) (TH I 2') such that G1 < M-C , (TH I3)
Gas evolution of nickel, stainless steel 316 and titanium anodes in vacuum sealed tubes

This paper presents a study on gas evolution of three different anode materials in vacuum sealed tubes under UHV conditions. The experimental apparatus consists of a high-power microwave (HPM) virtual-cathode oscillator (vircator) driven by a 200 ns, 80 J, 225 kV low-impedance Marx Generator. Plasma expansion due to explosive electron field emission has shown to lower gap impedance, spoil consistent low vacuum levels, and cut-off microwave radiation. The anode materials compared are nickel 201L (Ni201L), stainless steel 316L (SS316L) and grade-1 titanium (TiG1); with the cathode material being aluminum. The anodes were cleaned by the following method: rough polishing followed by electro-polishing, a ten minute microwave argon / 10% oxygen plasma cleaning process (ArO2) and finally, a 72 hour in situ bake-out at 300°C. Outgassing characteristics of each anode material are presented and compared.
Structures of the Oligosaccharides of the Glycoprotein Coded by Early Region E3 of Adenovirus 2

Early region E3 of adenovirus 2 encodes a glycoprotein, E3-gp25K, that is a good model with which to study structure-function relationships in transmembrane glycoproteins. We have determined the structures of the oligosaccharides linked to E3-gp25K. The oligosaccharides were labeled with [2-3H]mannose in adenovirus 2-early infected KB cells for 5.5h (pulse) or for 5.5 h followed by a 3-h chase (pulse-chase). E3-gp25K was extracted and purified by chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel in 7 M urea, followed by gel filtration on a column of Bio-Gel A-1.5m in 6 M guanidine hydrochloride. An analysis of the purified protein by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that it was >95% pure. The oligosaccharides were isolated by pronase digestion followed by gel filtration on a column of Bio-Gel P-6, then by digestion with endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase H, followed by gel filtration on Bio-Gel P-6, and finally by paper chromatography. The pulse sample contained equal amounts of Man9GlcNAc and Man8GlcNAc and small amounts of Man7GlcNAc and Man6GlcNAc. The pulse-chase sample had predominantly Man8GlcNAc and much less Man9GlcNAc, indicating that processing of the Man9GlcNAc to Man8GlcNAc had occurred during the chase period. Thus, Man8GlcNAc is the major oligosaccharide on mature E3-gp25K. The structures of these oligosaccharides were established by digestion with α-mannosidase, methylation analysis, and acetolysis. The oligosaccharides found had typical high-mannose structures that have been observed in other membrane and soluble glycoproteins, and the branching patterns and linkages of the mannose residues of Man9GlcNAc were identical to those of the lipid-linked Glc3Man9GlcNAc2 donor. Thus, adenovirus 2 infection (early stages) apparently does not affect the usual cellular high-mannose glycosylation pathways, and despite being virus coded, E3-gp25K is glycosylated in the same manner as a typical mammalian cell-coded glycoprotein.
Political Manipulation in a Majoritarian Democracy: Central Government Targeting of Public Funds to English Subnational Government, in Space and across Time

This article argues that it is rational for the executive to target resources in space and through time if it seeks to maximise its chances of electoral success. In majoritarian democracies such as the United Kingdom, there are particularly strong incentives to target resources to marginal legislative constituencies, although similar opportunies exist in other political systems. The benefits of such a practice could be growing, because the costs of forms of temporal targeting predicted by theories of the political business cycle have increased, owing to the effect of the global economy. In the United Kingdom one channel through which resources can be targeted is central grants to local authorities. This model is tested with pooled cross section data on the central finance of English local government between 1981/1982–1995/1996. The article confirms that central government spatially targeted marginals after 1988/1989 while it continued to allocate greater funds near national elections, conditional on its opinion poll ratings. Hypotheses from the literature on distributional politics are also tested, finding evidence for the temporal allocation of resources to win local elections.
Foreign and Domestic Investment: Regional Development or Crowding Out?

DRIFFIELD N. and HUGHES D. (2003) Foreign and domestic investment: regional development or crowding out? , Reg. Studies 37 , 277-288. This paper tests, at the regional and industry level, the extent to which domestic investment is stimulated or crowded out by inward foreign direct investment. The paper develops a model of domestic investment, based on standard models drawn from macroeconomics and industrial economics. The paper then goes on to show that, at a general level, the "development' or agglomeration hypothesis is confirmed that domestic investment is indeed stimulated by inward investment. However, there is also evidence that, in certain regions, inward investment has crowded out domestic investment. The implications of this from the perspective of regional policy are briefly discussed. DRIFFIELD N. et HUGHES D. (2003) L'investissement direct é tranger et l'investissement intérieur: une question d'amé nagement du territoire ou un effet d'évincement? , Reg. Studies 37 , 277-288. Cet article cherche à évaluer au niveau ré gional et sur le plan industriel dans quelle mesure l'investissement inté rieur est encouragé ou évincé par l'investissement direct étranger. L'article construit un modèle de l'investissement intérieur fondé sur des modèles types tirés de la macroéconomie et de l'économie industrielle. L'article montre que globalement les hypothèses de "développement' ou d'agglomération confirment que l'investisseent intérieur est stimulé par l'investissmeent direct étranger. Cependant, il y a aussi des preuves que, dans certaines régions, l' investissement direct étranger évince l'investissment intérieur. On discute en bref des retombées sous l'angle de la politique régionale. DRIFFIELD N. und HUGHES D. (2003) Investierungen vom Ausland oder vom Inland: Regionale Entwicklung oder Verdrängung? , Reg. Studies 37 , 277-288. Dieser Aufsatz prüft auf regionaler und Industrieebene, inwieweit Investierungen des eigenen Landes durch Direktinvestitionen vom Ausland angeregt oder verdrängt werden. Der Aufsatz entwickelt ein Modell der Inlandinvestierungen, das sich auf Standardmodelle der Makroökonomie und der sich mit Industrie befassenden Wirtschaftswissenschaft stützt. Es wird sodann gezeigt, daß auf allgemeiner Ebene die " Entwicklung' oder Ballungshypothek bestätigt wird: daß Inlandinvestierungen tatsächlich durch Investititionen aus dem Ausland angeregt werden. Es gibt jedoch auch Beweise, daß in bestimmten Regionen Investierungen aus dem Ausland solche des Inlands verdrängt haben. Die sich daraus ergebenden Implikationen werden kurz vom Gesichtspunkt der Regionalpolitik aus diskutiert.
facilitating reflection and action: the possible contribution of video to mathematics teacher education

In the Interconnected Model of Teacher Professional Growth (Clarke & Hollingsworth, 2002), change in teacher beliefs, knowledge and practice is mediated by either enaction or reflection. The stimulus for change can be provided by an external source such as a professional development program or it can result from the teacher’s inevitable classroom experimentation and reflection on the consequences of that experimentation. This paper explores the role that video can play in catalysing change and facilitating teacher reflection. In particular, we examine: (i) international research employing video and the capacity of such research to inform practice and stimulate teacher reflection in both pre-service and in-service settings; (ii) the use of video in professional development programs and the choice between exemplary and problematic practice as catalysts for teacher reflection in both pre-service and in-service programs; and (iii) teacher agency and the catalytic role of video in supporting teachers’ reflection on their own practice, through the use of video as the communicative medium to sustain a professional community of reflective practitioners.
The Changing Role of the House Foreign Affairs Committee in the 1970s and 1980s

This research examines the extent to which the House Committee on Foreign Affairs has changed in orientation from a committee that is “executive-led” to one that makes a more independent judgment of foreign policy matters. Three types of indicators are used to make this assessment: (1) the composition and political orientation of the committee and its voting support of the President; (2) the changes in political leadership of the committee and its subcommittees; and (3) the issue agenda examined by the committee. Both qualitative (interview) and quantitative data are used in this assessment. On balance, the committee has demonstrated elements of changes in all three areas. As a result, it has assumed a more critical role in the American foreign policy process.
A Conceptual Model of Medical Tourism: Implications for Future Research

ABSTRACT An extensive review of the current literature reveals that no integrated theoretical framework for the holistic study of the medical tourism industry exists. This study, therefore, aims to fill this gap by proposing an integrated model for the investigation of this burgeoning tourism field. It is developed with a view to capturing the current situation of medical tourism in a given country or region from the supply and demand perspectives. Both qualitative and quantitative techniques are suggested as systematic tools to test and validate the model. This study not only has implications for future research, but also provides useful information for practitioners in the medical tourism industry.
INTER-MUNICIPAL COOPERATION AND COSTS: EXPECTATIONS AND EVIDENCE

Austerity and fiscal crisis make the search for cost-saving reforms in local government more critical. While cost savings from privatization have frequently proven ephemeral, inter-municipal cooperation has been a relatively understudied reform. We analyse the literature on cost savings under cooperation and find that savings are dependent on (1) the cost structure of public services, particularly those related to scale and density economies and externalities, (2) the structure of local government (size, metropolitan location, powers granted by the nation or regional state), and (3) the governance framework at the local/regional level where cooperation varies from informal to formal. European studies give more emphasis to cost savings, while US studies focus on coordination concerns arising from the higher degree of devolution in the US local government system.
A country-specific analysis on internet interconnection ecosystems

With the proliferating number of diverse participants and destinations to reach, the Internet construct has become more intricate to assay. Today, Internet Service Providers (ISPs) establish resilient networks from multiple providers and broaden the number of peering links — as financially as viable. However, the complex structure of the global Internet ecosystem and entwined roles of Internet players simply prevent us from conducting generalized models for grasping interconnections which could be applied globally regardless of the local surroundings. In this paper, the global inter-domain Internet topology is scrutinized by the help of interconnection characteristics within a country-specific stance. Our study on the Internet ecosystems helps us highlight the non-uniformity of interconnections by using both “real world” metrics and network science metrics. One of the significant findings that the analysis yields is that presence of well-established Internet Exchange Points (IXPs) in an interconnection ecosystem — besides the benefit of bolstering the peering fabric — increases the competitive nature of Internet transit market and boosts the inclination to multihome for stub networks, thus increases the resilience of national Internet constructs.