Miracle-dz/UniFAR-FTUs huggingface dataset:
ALTERNATIVE HEALTH PRACTICES IN ADDICTION TREATMENT

BY Tacey Ann Boucher, A.B. D. Project Coordinator: Center for Addiction and Alternative Medicine Research; Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation Doctoral Candidate: University of Minnesota, Department of Sociology; Minneapolis, Minnesota Thomas J. Kiresuk, Ph.D. Chief Clinical Psychologist: Hennepin County Medical Center; Minneapolis, Minnesota Director: Program Evaluation Resource Center, Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation Director: Center for Addiction and Alternative Medicine Research; Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation Alan I. Trachtenberg, M.D., MPH, FAAOM, AHG Medical Director, Office of Pharmacologic & Alternative Medicine, Center for Substance Abuse Treatment (CSAT), Substance Abuse & Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA), United States Public Health Service (USPHS) Adjunct Associate Professor of Community Medicine, George Washington University School of Public Health & Health Services Adjunct Associate Professor of Preventive Medicine & Biometrics, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences (USUHS)
Dementia and cognitive impairment three months after stroke

To investigate the cognitive capacities of a cohort of ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke survivors and to identify the clinical determinants of post‐stroke cognitive impairment, we evaluated 237 patients admitted to a Stroke Unit (mean age 59; SD=12.7). Three months after stroke, patients were submitted to a neuropsychological evaluation that included the Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE), a complementary battery to assess specific cognitive domains, the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the Blessed Dementia Scale (BDS). Disturbed performance on at least one domain was detected on 131 (55%) patients: 27% had cognitive deficits other than memory, 7% had focal memory deficit, 9% had memory and other cognitive deficits and 6% had dementia. Dementia was associated with female gender (P=0.01), older age (P=0.01) and lower education level (P=0.04). Patients with memory deficits were older (P=0.01) with lower educational level (P=0.08) and more left sided lesions (P=0.02) than patients without memory deficits. In this middle aged stroke survivors cognitive impairment was common 3 months after stroke, while dementia was infrequent.
Determinants of the Use of Health Plan Information in Formulating Health Plan Selection Decisions

Abstract This study seeks to identify the impact of information on employees' health plan selection decision-making. Surveys were administered to 1,722 Federal employees working in the Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) enrolled in the Federal Employees Health Benefits Program (FEHBP). This study focuses on the enrollees' access to and use of three types of health plan information: print information issued by the Federal government (in particular, The Guide to Federal Employees Health Benefit Plans), print information issued by the health plans, and web-based information. Literature from health plans was utilized to a greater degree than The Guide. Web-based information was the least accessed and used. Major positive predictors of the use of health plan information from any source were: race, time in Federal employment, whether the employee was considering a plan change, employees with less time in current plan, employees who search for information to make decisions, and spouses' health status. Younger and more-educated employees were more likely to access web-based information. Implications for management, policy, and future research are discussed.
Predictors of Relapse and Functioning in First-Episode Psychosis: A Two-Year Follow-Up Study.

OBJECTIVE First-episode psychosis has an annual incidence rate of 24.6 to 40.9 per 100,000 population, and most individuals develop chronic disorders, such as schizophrenia or affective psychosis. The first two to five years are thought to be key determinants of long-term functional and clinical prognosis. This study aimed to determine the two-year course of illness in first-episode psychosis, including diagnosis, relapse, and functioning and factors related to these variables. METHODS A total of 140 patients who experienced a first episode of psychosis were recruited and evaluated between 2008 and 2012 in a first-episode psychosis program in Barcelona, Spain. Regression models were used to determine factors predicting relapse and functioning. RESULTS A general trend was noted toward improved functioning and less severe psychotic symptoms. However, after two years, one-third of the patients had a diagnosis of schizophrenia and more than 40% had a diagnosis of affective psychosis. Rates of relapse were 31% after one year and 43% at two years. Cannabis use after illness onset and poor insight were the best predictors of relapse. Being male and severity of negative symptoms at baseline predicted worse functioning at two years. CONCLUSIONS Patients with first-episode psychosis were found to have high relapse rates during the first years after illness onset. Further studies evaluating treatment strategies focused on reducing cannabis use and improving insight in first-episode psychosis should be encouraged.
An Eleven-Year Retrospective Study of Endogenous Bacterial Endophthalmitis

Purpose. To determine the clinical features, microbial profiles, treatment outcomes, and prognostic factors for endogenous bacterial endophthalmitis (EBE). Methods. The medical records of 27 eyes of 21 patients diagnosed with EBE for 11 years were reviewed. Collected data included age, site of infection, visual acuities (VAs), microbial profiles, and treatment regimen. Results. The mean age was 68.5 years. Gram-positive organisms accounted for 76.2%, while gram-negative ones accounted for 19.0%. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common causative organism (52.3%) of which 72.7% was methicillin-resistant S. aureus. A final VA of ≥20/40 was achieved in 44% and 20/200 or better was in 64%. Eyes with initial VA of ≥20/200 (P = 0.003) and focal involvements (P = 0.011) had significantly better final VA. Initial VA (P = 0.001) and the interval between onset of ocular symptoms and intravitreal antibiotic injection (P = 0.097) were associated with final VA in eyes receiving intravitreal antibiotics. Conclusions. EBE is generally associated with poor visual outcome; however the prognosis may depend on initial VA, extent of ocular involvement, and an interval between onset of ocular symptoms and intravitreal antibiotic injection. Early diagnosis and early intravitreal injection supplement to systemic antibiotics might lead to a relatively good visual outcome.
Impact of Xuebijing and ulinastatin as assistance for hemoperfusion in treating acute paraquat poisoning.

OBJECTIVE As the effect of Xuebijing as combined treatment in hemoperfusion (HP) toward acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning is not clear. We retrospectively analyzed 119 cases of acute paraquat poisoning in Tianjin first central hospital; the patients were divided into 3 groups based on treatment. Control (group A) patients underwent standard hemoperfusion with conventional treatment, while the experimental groups combined hemoperfusion with Xuebijing (group B) or ulinastatin (group C). Standard biomedical indicators, such as organ dysfunction and mortality were recorded and compiled, both in short (<7 days) and long (7-28 days) terms. Then, the effect of Xuebijing in combination to the standard (HP) treatment was evaluated by direct comparison. The results showed that using either Xuebijing or ulinastatin as additional treatment to standard HP significantly helped the overall outcomes, as evidenced by lower organ dysfunction and mortality. In addition, Xuebijing (group B) yielded a more pronounced improvement compared with ulinastatin (group C) in combination with HP (All P<0.05). Our findings indicated that both Xuebijing and ulinastatin provided positive impacts on HP treatment toward acute paraquat poisoning, with better outcomes observed with Xuebijing, which should be considered for more frequent use in clinical practice.
Constructing Markets and Shaping Boundaries: Entrepreneurial Power in Nascent Fields

We examine how entrepreneurs shape organizational boundaries and construct markets through an inductive, longitudinal study of five ventures. Our central contribution is a framework of how successful entrepreneurs attempt to dominate nascent markets by co-constructing organizational boundaries and market niches using three processes: claiming, demarcating, and controlling a market. We propose that power is the underlying boundary logic and indicate the “soft-power” strategies by which entrepreneurs compete in highly ambiguous markets. Overall, we develop a holistic view of organizational boundaries and offer insights into institutional entrepreneurship and resource dependence theories. Our most important contribution is reinvigorating the study of interorganizational power.
Crime and Punishment in Norwegian Mid-adolescents: A Normal Population Study

Does the 'penal eye' of our society most easily catch sight of those with scant resources and lower-class backgrounds? In a national representative sample of Norwegian adolescents, we investigated the selection process to the penal system. Of the adolescents studied, 2.8% had received a penal sanction during the last year, 3.7% of the boys and 1.9% of the girls. The sanctions varied in seriousness, from a ticket fine to a prison sentence. These adolescents had much higher crime participation than other adolescents. In particular, substance-related offences were of importance. They had a high frequency of alcohol intoxication, and they often had a previous history of police contacts. No links were found to parental social class, but there was an association with parental history of unemployment. Furthermore, numerous other parental risk factors were found, such as marital breakup, low level of care, lack of monitoring and frequent alcohol intoxication. However, these factors were also associated with the development of crime. Were such extra-legal factors predictors of penal sanctions, when crime, alcohol intoxication and a previous history of police contacts were controlled for? Poor parental monitoring was the only (marginally) significant predictor. On the other hand, criminal behaviour had a highly significant effect, as early as at the lowest level of participation, and this effect increased steeply at higher levels. Alcohol had an effect, but only when the adolescents reported a rather high number of intoxication episodes. Thus, a problematic family background and small resources obviously play a role in the development of crime, but are less important as direct factors of being caught by the police and punished by the penal system. However, the subjects in our sample were still in their midteens and it might well be that development in late adolescence and young adulthood takes a different course.
IgG isotype, glycosylation, and EGFR expression determine the induction of antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity in vitro by cetuximab.

PURPOSE To evaluate the antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of cetuximab, an anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) IgG1 antibody, in vitro. METHODS Binding to human Fc receptors was measured by ELISA. ADCC against a panel of tumor cell lines was evaluated using peripheral blood mononuclear cells or NK cells as effectors and lactate dehydrogenase release as a marker of cell killing. Cetuximab was compared with two glycan variants of cetuximab and with panitumumab, an anti-EGFR IgG2. RESULTS Cetuximab bound with high affinity to FcγRI (EC50 = 0.13 nM) and FcγRIIIa (EC50 = 6 nM) and effectively induced ADCC across multiple tumor cell lines. Panitumumab and aglycosylated cetuximab did not bind to FcγRI or FcγRIIIa nor have ADCC activity even at high effector-target cell ratios, even though the EGFR-binding affinity of cetuximab and panitumumab were shown to be comparable (KD = 87 pM and 83 pM, respectively). The extent of cetuximab-elicited ADCC was associated with the level of EGFR expression on tumor cells. CONCLUSIONS Cetuximab elicits effective ADCC activity against a wide range of tumor cells in vitro. This activity is dependent on antibody glycosylation and IgG1 isotype as well as tumor-cell EGFR expression. These findings suggest that ADCC may contribute to the antitumor activity of cetuximab.
THE relationship between thinking styles and personality types

In this study we investigated the relationship between thinking styles and personality types. The participants were 367 third-year students at Dokuz Eylul University who responded to the Thinking Styles Inventory (TSI; Stemberg & Wagner, 1992) based on Sternberg’s theory of mental self-government and the Self-Directed Search Scale (SDS; Holland, Powell, & Fritzsch, 1994) based on Holland’s theory of vocational choices. The results showed a close correspondence between thinking styles and personality types. Another finding in this study was that thinking styles differ according to gender and major fields of study. The implications of both findings are discussed in detail.
Telling about problems and giving advice in an Internet discussion forum: some discourse features

This study describes discourse features of messages posted to an Internet discussion forum about depression based on the analysis of a small corpus of message texts. The message texts were classified into three types: problem messages, advice messages and thanks messages, and salient discourse features of each message type were described and analyzed in terms of discourse function. Features of problem messages included: frequent use of metaphorical language to describe symptoms, use of or type questions to request advice, and a general lack of direct requests for advice. Advice messages were characterized by casual style and exhibited a variety of discourse patterns with the common function of expressing positive regard and solidarity. The occurrence of these patterns can be related to the special interpersonal needs associated with the discourse function of giving advice. Thanks messages were responses to advice messages, and usually included some expression of thanks for advice, but interestingly, thanks message writers never indicated that they had acted upon or would act upon the advice they received.
Factors Predicting Success in EFL Among Culturally Different Learners

The paper reports on a multivariate study that examined the contribution of two independent variables-cognitive / academic proficiency in Ll and attitudes and motivation toward English as a foreign language-on success in English as a foreign language of two culturally different learners, one identified as a socio-culturally disadvantaged group and the other as a “regular” group. A description of the development of the instruments used to measure the variables is provided, the results of which indicated that academic proficiency in L1 played the most important role in predicting success in FLL in school context are reported. Within cognitive/ academic proficiency in L1 it is awareness of language use, register, and ability to correct errors in L2 that emerged as the subvariables that differentiated best among the two groups of students. Implications and conclusions of the results to foreign language learning are drawn.
Culture, Conflict and Cooperation: Irish Dairying Before the Great War

A recent literature argues that ‘hierarchical religions’ such as Catholicism hamper the formation of trust, thus reducing the propensity to cooperate and damaging economic performance. This article looks for a link between Catholicism and the propensity to cooperate in the pre-1914 Irish dairy industry. Although the propensity to cooperate was higher in Denmark than in Ireland, and in Ulster than elsewhere in Ireland, Catholicism did not make cooperation more difficult in Ireland. Political conflict over land reforms and constitutional matters was to blame, not religion. Denmark's homogeneity, not its Protestantism, led to the success of cooperation there.
Electrothermal Access Resistance Model for GaN-Based HEMTs

The high-power density in GaN-based high-electron-mobility transistors (HEMTs) increases demands on the accurate extraction and modeling of electrothermal effects such as self-heating. This paper presents a new electrothermal model of the access resistances in GaN HEMTs, taking into account both self heating and bias dependence. A coplanar ungated transfer length method (TLM) structure has been used to extract the resistance versus temperature, bias, and RF power. The temperature dependence is extracted from dc measurements at ambient temperatures between 293 and 443 K. Small-signal measurements are used to extract the time constants in the thermal impedance. The bias dependence of the current is characterized by isothermal large-signal RF measurements between 1 and 6 GHz. A new method for extracting the thermal resistance from the large-signal measurements together with temperature-dependent dc measurements is also presented.
Sonority and Climate in a World Sample of Languages: Findings and Prospects

In a world sample (N = 60), the indigenous languages of tropical and subtropical climates in contrast to the languages spoken in temperate and cold zones manifested high levels of sonority. High sonority in phonetic segments, as found for example in vowels (versus consonants), increases the carrying power of speech sounds and, hence, audibility at a distance. We assume that in the course of daily activities, the speakers in warm/hot climates (a) are often outdoors due to equable ambient temperatures, (b) thereby frequently transmit messages distally, and (c) transmit such messages relatively intelligibly due to the acoustic and functional advantages of high sonority. Our conceptual model is similar to that of population biology, where there are well-known correlations between climate and somatic variables, and where it is assumed that communicative modalities and behaviors are selected or designed for success in specific habitats. We also take up possible alternative hypotheses and consider directions for future research.
Infall, outflow, and turbulence in massive star-forming cores in the G333 giant molecular cloud

We present molecular line imaging observations of three massive molecular outflow sources, G333.6-0.2, G333.1-0.4, and G332.8-0.5, all of which also show evidence for infall, within the G333 giant molecular cloud (GMC). All three are within a beam size (36 arcseconds) of IRAS sources, 1.2-mm dust clumps, various masing species and radio continuum-detected HII regions and hence are associated with high-mass star formation. We present the molecular line data and derive the physical properties of the outflows including the mass, kinematics, and energetics and discuss the inferred characteristics of their driving sources. Outflow masses are of 10 to 40 solar masses in each lobe, with core masses of order 10^3 solar masses. outflow size scales are a few tenth of a parsec, timescales are of several x10^4 years, mass loss rates a few x10^-4 solar masses/year. We also find the cores are turbulent and highly supersonic.
Identifying affective domains that correlate and predict mathematics performance in high-performing students in Singapore

Past studies have shown that distinct yet highly correlated sub-constructs of three broad mathematics affective variables: (a) motivation, (b) attitudes and (c) anxiety, have varying degree of correlation with mathematics achievement. The sub-constructs of these three affective constructs are as follows: (a) (i) amotivation, (ii) external regulation, (iii) introjection, (iv) identification, (v) intrinsic motivation; (b) (i) enjoyment of mathematics, (ii) self-confidence in mathematics, (iii) perceived value of mathematics; (c) (i) anxiety with mathematics and (ii) ease with mathematics. This study identifies, both within and across these three affective variables, the key sub-constructs that educators should focus upon when selecting learning process variables for mathematics achievement. Results were analysed using a series of stepwise regression analyses using data from 1018 Grade 12 students enrolled in a top pre-tertiary institution in Singapore, both for concurrent and predictive relationships, and also for both genders. Results of this study showed that after taking into account self-confidence in mathematics and ease with mathematics, all other sub-constructs of mathematics motivation, attitudes and anxiety were not significantly correlated with mathematics achievement. This is true for both concurrent and predictive relationships, and for both genders. Implications of the results of this study are twofold. First, results of this study provide educators with priority affective variables to focus upon in their efforts to enhance performance in mathematics via the affective domain. Second, in situations where administration time is limited, it may be possible to consider only self-confidence and ease with mathematics when investigating relationships between affect and mathematics achievement.
Serogrouping and antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli isolated from broiler chicken with colibacillosis in center of Algeria

Aim: Colibacillosis is considered as one of the major bacterial infections in avian pathology. The excessive use of antibiotics reduced their effectiveness, which eventually led to the risk of emergence of antibiotic resistance. The aim of this study was to isolate, identify and serotype the pathogenic Escherichia coli strains and to determine their antibiotic susceptibility. Materials and Methods: A total of 180 samples from different organs of broilers with colibacillosis lesions were collected (liver, spleen, lung, and heart) in center of Algeria. The isolation and identification of E. coli were carried out using conventional techniques. Then, these strains were serotyped and tested over 13 antibiotics. Results: A total of 156 strains of E. coli were isolated. Serotyping results showed that 50 strains belong to 3 serotypes (23 for O1, 11 for O2, 16 for O78) which represent 32% of isolates. The antimicrobial susceptibility test, presented high level of resistance to tetracyclines (94.12%), flumequine (91.5%), sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim (88.89%), enrofloxacin (86.27%), nalidixic acid (85.62%), ampicillin (83.01%) and doxycycline (75.81%), medium level resistance to chloramphenicol (39.22%), and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (43.13%). All the strains were susceptible to cefotaxime, excepting three, which presented an extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL). In addition, the results of multi-resistance showed that all the strains were resistant at the minimum to two antibiotics and 66.66% of strains were resistant to at least seven antibiotics. Conclusion: The antibiotic resistance continues to rise at an alarming rate, and the emergence of ESBL is considered as a threat for public health.
Major Learning Efforts: Recent Research and Future Directions

Adults spend a remarkable amount of time each year at their major ef forts to learn. In fact, a typical learning effort requires 100 hours. And the typical adult conducts five of them a year: 500 hours altogether. Some of these learning projects rely on instructors and classes, but over 70 percent are self-planned and others rely on friends and peer groups. This picture of the adult's major learning efforts has emerged in just the past seven years. Many basic surveys and several in-depth studies have con tributed to our understanding. This paper presents a review of that research and some high-priority directions for the future.